Question No: 121

The three common states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. Most solids have a definite shape and size. Liquids have definite volume but not a definite shape. Gases have neither definite shape nor definite volume. Variables such as temperature, pressure, and the absorption or release of energy can affect a substance’s state.

Which factor has the least effect on a substance’s state?

surrounding temperature

air pressure

its chemical structure

its color

absorption of energy

Answer: D

Question No: 122

Which fact best describes the impact of photosynthesis on Earth?

is important in the food web

enables people to have a diverse food supply

is necessary for all life to continue

is a process unique to plants and animals

is a series of complex chemical reactions

Answer: C

Question No: 123

A pet shop wants to install a fountain that contains live fish. The temperature in the facility is kept at 67掳 F (19掳 C) throughout the year.

The following chart gives the preferred temperature range for certain fish species.

Which fish would be most likely to thrive in this environment?

trout

bass

catfish

salmon

perch

Answer: A

Question No: 124

Warren is a small town built on the edge of a river. Upstream from Warren, there is a factory on one side of the river and a large farm on the other side. Recently, a resident of Warren discovered a large number of dead fish on the bank of the river, as shown below.

The residents of Warren want to know why so many fish died in that location.

Which would be the most realistic first step to take in determining the cause of the fish kill?

Divert the river so that it no longer flows past Warren.

Close the factory, the farm, and all of the other businesses in the town.

Perform tests on the river water to determine the types and amounts of pollutants in the water.

Measure the distance between the fish kill, the town of Warren, the farm, and the factory.

Evacuate the town of all its residents.

Answer: C

Question No: 125

The character of the 鈥淢ad Hatter鈥?in Alice in Wonderland was based on early hatmakers who showed signs of mental illness. An investigation led to the discovery of poisoning effects from mercury compounds used in the manufacture of hats. Changes were then made to protect the safety of workers.

Which conclusion accurately represents the above information?

Other characters in Alice in Wonderland were mentally ill.

Health officials are unconcerned about mercury poisoning.

Other heavy metals were involved in the poisoning.

Substances in the environment can cause mental illness.

Unstable people chose to be hatters.

Answer: D

Question No: 126

The gear combination shown below is an example of a simple machine. The shaft on the large gear can rotate at a certain speed.

How fast will the small gear rotate?

faster than the large gear

slower than the large gear

the same rate as the large gear

the small gear will not rotate

at first faster, then slower

Answer: A

Question No: 127

The majority of materials will expand when heated and contract when cooled. Thomas is given a metal ball and metal ring. He needs to put the ball through the ring. The ball is slightly larger than the hole of the ring.

How should Thomas proceed?

Heat both the ball and ring.

Heat only the ball.

Cool only the ring.

Heat only the ring.

Freeze both the ball and ring.

Answer: D

Question No: 128

The atmosphere exerts a certain amount of air pressure on all objects on Earth. The air pressure at a specific location varies with the temperature, the distance above sea level, the amount of air present, and other factors.

In the demonstration above, a student places two ounces of water in an empty 12-ounce soda can and heats it on a hot plate until steam forms. Then the can is immediately inverted into a pan of cold water. The steam inside the can condensed, creating a vacuum. Almost immediately, the can collapses.

Based on the information,

which statement provides the best explanation for this occurrence?

The can melted on the hot plate and collapsed in the water.

The water crushed the can because water is more dense than aluminum.

The can collapsed because the air pressure was less inside the can.

The steam weakened the walls of the can, resulting in its collapse.

The steam expanded the can so much that it split open.

Answer: C

Question No: 129

Light travels so fast that one can see an event at about the same time that it happens, such as turning on the light. When one sees lightning, it can be assumed that it happened at the same instant it was seen. Sound, on the other hand, travels more slowly. The sound of thunder takes 5 seconds to travel about 1 mile.

Based on the data,

which conclusion is correct?

moving toward you

moving away from you

staying in one place

weakening

strengthening

Answer: B

Question No: 130

Temperature, pressure, and volume are closely interrelated variables. The friction between an automobile’s tires and the road surface causes an increase in the temperature of the air in the tires and results in an increase in tire pressure.

Before a practice run, a race car driver must check the tires carefully. On a very hot day, which procedure would be the BEST choice?