Hypersonic missiles traveling 5 times the speed of sound are fueling a new arms race

The US is developing a hypersonic missile that could travel five times the speed of sound, and it's all part of the next arms race among multiple nations.

It's called the Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept, which is a joint DARPA/US Air Force program that would "enable transformational changes in responsive, long-range, strike capabilities against time-critical or heavily defended targets," according to DARPA.

In other words, a missile traveling that fast would be very hard for an enemy to defend against, and they'd have little time to do anything about it anyway. We're talking about minutes instead of hours for a transcontinental flight.

Hypersonic means that it can reach speeds of Mach 5 or better (3,806 mph), which makes it ideal for hitting a target that's heavily defended. A target that may be protected with surface-to-air missiles — which are basically designed to lock on to an incoming missile and crash into it — would be useless against a hypersonic weapon since that's traveling so fast.

But the US is not the only one developing hypersonic weapons. Russia, China, and India are all trying to develop them as well. It's basically amounted to a "Mach 5 arms race," according to The National Interest.

"The nature of battle will fundamentally change. Missile defense systems will struggle to counter hypersonic flight, making targets — especially large naval warships — more vulnerable to attack," reads an analysis from the intelligence website Stratfor. "But as has been the case for revolutionary military technologies in the past, the best defense will be to destroy the missiles before they can launch, increasing war planners' emphasis on offensive action."

As Stratfor notes, the US and China seem to be on track for an operational prototype sometime around 2020. Russia, meanwhile, will not be too far behind.

The technology is expensive and tough to master, so not every country will end up trying to build hypersonic weapons, but it's possible that any development outside of the "big three" countries could be seen as a threat that must be stopped: Think North Korea or Iran trying to develop nukes, for instance.

Tech Insider asked a DARPA representative how the HAWC would compare to what others were working on, and we were directed to its website, which was recently updated with: "Such systems could provide significant payoff for future US offensive strike operations, particularly as adversaries' capabilities advance."

"The future, I believe, looks pretty gloomy. We are looking at a combined nuclear-conventional arms race in Europe in the near future," Nikolai Sokov, a senior fellow at the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, told Tech Insider in November when asked of a similar push into nuclear-weapon upgrades. "Which will likely continue for an extended period of time."