Handbook of Academic Titles

There are over 3,300 accredited colleges and
universities in the United States. These institutions have conferred on
their academic faculties and staff a bewildering array of titles and
designations. The titles can be confusing and their significance is often
misunderstood. Some titles imply that the holder has tenure, while others
do not. Some suggest a concentration in research rather than teaching,
while others convey that the incumbent is primarily engaged in activities
outside of an academic institution. In addition, a menagerie of prefixes and
modifiers are used to indicate rank and other status information. Adding
to the complexity of the problem is the fact that the same title may have
different meanings at different institutions. The purpose of this handbook
is to provide a thorough glossary explaining the significance of most titles in
use in the United States today.

"What's in a name! that
which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet; So Romeo would,
were he not Romeo call'd, Retain that dear perfection which he owes Without that
title." When Shakespeare wrote those words he surely did not have
professors in mind, for in academia titles are the coin of the realm. This
is literally so, since many a professor has been lured or retained, in lieu of a
salary increase, by the promise of a more exalted title. It is not clear,
given the proliferation of such titles in the US, precisely what status each one
denotes. More than 800 are described in this book, along with
prescriptions for generating thousands more.

An "academic title," broadly, is a
designation given to individuals who "engage in teaching of credit courses,
academic research, or professional library service." (Oakland U.) Generally a title is relied on to convey three
attributes of its holder: rank (level of appointment), status (Regular Faculty
or otherwise) and function (Teaching, Clinical, Research, etc.) The title
may also carry an Honorific, such as "Distinguished," as mark of special
recognition. This much was recognized by W. S. Gilbert in referring to The
Mikado's Lord High Executioner as "a personage of noble rank and
title," making it clear that rank and title are different.
"Lord" conveys nobility; "High" specifies rank; "Executioner"
defines function.

While this trichotomy is fairly logical, there is much
confusion in practice between the concepts of "title" and
"rank." Title ought to mean no more than
the name by which an academic position is known, e.g. "Associate Professor
of the Practice of Surgery." But such a statement is too simplistic;
one must consider the distinctions among Official
Title, Working Title and Functional
Title. Rank refers to the holder's position
in an ordered promotion sequence known as a Series.
The fundamental Series in US institutions is {Instructor, Assistant Professor,
Associate Professor, Professor}, which are listed in order of increasing
rank. Titles not in this Series almost always indicate a position
equivalent in rank to a particular rank in the Series. For example, at
Carnegie Mellon the title "Senior Research Scientist" indicates a
nontenured position ("non-noble," one might say), a function of Scientist
and a rank equivalent to Associate Professor.

The variety of academic titles in use is
impressively vast. Numerous unusual situations have arisen at different
institutions that have spawned the creation of carefully crafted titles to deal
with specialized circumstances. If your institution is trying to create a
title to describe a particular position, it has probably already been devised
elsewhere and you will find it in this Handbook.

This work was motivated by an effort at my home
institution, Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, to rationalize its scheme
of conferring academic titles. During my service on the Faculty Affairs
Council, it became apparent that numerous titles were in use around the
country that might describe Carnegie Mellon positions quite accurately, but they
were unfamiliar to me and my colleagues. I therefore undertook to compile
a reference that would be of general usefulness to the academic community.

The entries in this handbook cover academic
faculty and staff titles only. Administrative designations, such as Associate
Dean, Provost, Department Head, Program Director and the like are omitted because they
are frequently devised ad hoc and do not in any event indicate independent academic
status. I have quoted liberally from position descriptions in college
catalogs, faculty handbooks and web pages. My thanks go to the invariably anonymous authors of
these materials. The institutions cited in the text, approximately 250 of
them, are listed in an Index at the end of
this Handbook.

The arrangement of entries is alphabetical by
full academic title. Where a position description has been obtained from a
specific institution, the name of the institution appears in parentheses in the
entry. If there is no position definition, the name of at least one institution
using the title appears at the end of the entry in brackets unless such an
institution is mentioned in the entry. Occasionally titles are followed by
roman numeral indicating grade within title, such as "Librarian
IV." Such numerical designations are omitted here. There is of
course some question as to what constitutes an academic title and how to draw
the line between academic and administrative positions. The general rule
used here is that positions subject to collective bargaining agreements
involving the American Association of University Professors are regarded as
academic. Combining titles with such prefixes as "adjunct,"
"emeritus," "visiting," etc. would lead to a combinatorial
explosion in the size of the glossary. Therefore, such prefixes are
normally explained only in general terms without enumerating each possible
title. Rather than use a complex scheme of boldfacing or small capitals to
indicate defined terms, initial capitals are employed for this purpose, e.g.
"It is often unclear whether a Fellow is a member of the Faculty."

At some institutions a virtually unlimited
spectrum of titles is available by suffixing the name of a discipline to
another faculty title. For example, Research Biologist, Research Chemist,
Professor of German, etc., which can iterate through every possible discipline. It has neither
been possible nor desirable to include all such titles, nor has it been feasible
to enumerate every usage of every title at every institution. As always,
the role of the lexicographer is to record terminology as it is actually used,
not to impose rules or presume to set standards. In particular, this book
should never be cited to support a claim that a particular usage is
"wrong." In compiling this work the author examined
approximately 1000 faculty handbooks and institutional by-laws. While that
is a significant number, it represents fewer than one-third of accredited US
institutions. Errors and omissions have necessarily occurred; therefore the author will be grateful to learn of any additions or corrections.

Acknowledgements: Thanks are due to Carnegie
Mellon University for providing the infrastructure (and freedom from academic
politics) that permitted me to write this Handbook expeditiously and to Prof.
Quincy Adams Wagstaff of Huxley College for imbuing me with the appropriate
perspective on academic titles.

A mechanism in the University of
California System by which meritorious faculty may obtain higher rank and pay
than the normal limits of their position. "An academic appointee who
advances beyond the highest Step in a Series is above scale." (U. Cal. San
Diego) Sample usage: Professor Above Scale, Specialist Above Scale.
Sometimes considered the equivalent of Distinguished. See also Off Scale.

Academic (generally)

The prefix "Academic"
generally indicates a non-tenured full-time or part-time position primarily in
teaching and with only incidental research or patient-care
responsibilities. See, e.g., Academic
Professor. The range also includes Academic Assistant Professor,
Academic Associate Professor, Academic Instructor and Academic Lecturer.
See also Academic Appointee.

Academic Administrator

An individual "with either primary or secondary responsibility for the administration of the activities of a major academic unit (school/college) or program of the University System.
An academic administrator has faculty status and normally holds academic rank; as such, he/she may be eligible for tenure as a faculty
member. (U. N.H)

Academic Affiliate

"Individuals employed full-time by the University in non-academic positions and who are assigned to teach courses or direct research in academic departments. Academic Affiliate assignments are based on the experience, training, and interests of individuals that would qualify them to teach and/or direct research outside their normal assignments and upon the needs of the University to utilize their expertise in teaching responsibilities."
(S.W. Mo. St.)

Academic Appointee

A person "who is engaged
primarily in one or more of the following: teaching, research, and public
service, and whose duties are closely related to the University's instructional
and research functions. Included in this group are academic administrative
officers, faculty, student appointees, medical residents, research appointees,
University Extension appointees, and librarians." (U. Cal. San Diego)

Academic Assistant

1. A position normally filled by a graduate
student, whose duties include grading homework, assisting faculty and students
in laboratory and field work, and in limited situations, leading small tutorial
class sections. (U. Conn.)

2. A title similar to Research Associate except
that the incumbent "provides technical support for on-going departmental research
activities, rather than for a single Principal Investigator." The
Series is Academic Assistant I through Academic Assistant V. (U. Conn.)

1. A junior research position
equivalent in rank to Lecturer. (U. Ariz.)

2. One of two categories of
Non-Regular Faculty at the University of Missouri College of Agriculture.
"This category includes individuals with the titles not listed as
Profession Track titles, e.g., Research Associate, Post-doctoral Fellow, Program
Coordinators, etc." (U. Mo.) See also Professional Track.

A Track, apparently unique to the Medical
University of South Carolina, analogous to the Clinician Educator Track. (Med.
Univ. So. Carolina)

Academic Educator Track

A Track, apparently unique to the Medical
University of South Carolina, analogous to the Clinician Scholar Track. (Med.
Univ. So. Carolina)

Academic Faculty

A term with varying meanings. Sometimes it
includes non-Tenure Track Faculty, sometimes not. "Academic faculty" means all employees who hold the rank of instructor or a higher academic rank in academic programs. These employees may be eligible for tenure."
(Lewis & Clark Coll.) "Academic Faculty means tenurable and
nontenurable employees who have responsibility for instruction and curriculum
development." (U. Mont.) "The ranks of professor, associate professor, and assistant professor are the traditional academic ranks of appointment."
(Wash. St. U.) "[T]hose faculty who
carry academic rank, academic titles, or special academic status."
(Wartburg Coll.)

Academic Investigator Track

A research-oriented Track at the
Medical University of South Carolina, the University of
Rochester and the University of Virginia. (U. Va.)

A person
other than faculty, engaged primarily in activities that extend and support the
teaching, research, extension, and service missions of the institution (U.
Wyo.) "The designation Academic
Professional will apply to a variety of academic assignments that call for
academic background similar to that of a faculty member with professorial rank
but which are distinctly different from professorial positions. Examples include
managing instructional laboratories, assuming academic program management roles
not suited for expectations applied to tenure-track faculty members, operating
instructional technology support program, being responsible for general academic
advising, assuming professional student counseling center responsibilities,
providing specialized skill acquisition training as support for academic
programs, and working with tenure-track faculty members in course and curriculum
development." The range of titles includes Academic Professional Associate,
Academic Professional, and Senior Academic Professional. (Ga. State)

Not a Rank per
se but a collection of titles usually indicating that the incumbent is an
Officer of Instruction. Institutions vary widely in specifying which ranks are
academic, ranging from all instructional positions to just the Regular Faculty
ranks. "Academic Rank is rank held by those members of the
academic staff having the titles of Professor, Associate Professor, Assistant
Professor, Instructor, Librarian, Associate Librarian, Senior Assistant
Librarian, and Assistant Librarian." (SUNY Potsdam) At the University of Alaska, an
Academic Rank means one of the Regular Faculty
positions, as opposed to Special Academic Rank. (U. Alaska) "Promotion
in academic rank is a means by which the University encourages, recognizes, and
rewards faculty members for excellence in the performance of their duties."
(LSU)

Academic Staff

In general, person involved directly in
instructional, research and clinical functions, but the set of included groups
varies widely by institution. "The academic staff of the University of Pennsylvania is divided into seven classes: the Standing Faculty, the Standing Faculty--Clinician-Educator, the Associated Faculty, the Academic Support Staff, the Postdoctoral Fellows, the Teaching Graduate and Professional Students, and the Emeritus Faculty."
(U. Pa.) Academic Staff is comprised of those persons
having academic or qualified academic rank. (SUNY Potsdam)

Academic Support Faculty

"'Academic Support Faculty' means a person
appointed to a nontenurable position who has rank and who assists with the
instructional mission of the University. It includes persons with Visiting,
Adjunct, and Affiliate titles." (U. Mont.) See also Support Faculty.

Academic Support Staff

"Academic Support Staff is composed of
persons who participate in the University's teaching, research, and clinical
services, but who are not eligible for appointment to the Standing or Associated
Faculty." (U. Pa.) Some institutions draw a distinction between
Academic Staff and Academic Support Staff, neither of which are Regular Faculty
but may be Non-Regular Faculty.

Academic Title

A title for a person having academic
responsibilities, not necessarily teaching. "Academic" is
broader than "faculty," since there are numerous non-faculty academic
positions. The distinction can be elusive. The University of
Illinois uses "Academic Title for what would be a Faculty title
elsewhere. "Academic titles sometimes resemble faculty titles. However, such academic positions either are for less than 51% time, or they include the following words as part of the title: adjunct, clinical, research, teaching, or visiting."
(U. Ill.) "The academic titles approved by the College include Lecturer, Senior Lecturer,
Adjunct Faculty, Visiting Faculty, Faculty-in-Residence, Coach, and Professional Librarian. Titled
academic faculty shall be employed only on term contracts and are not eligible for tenure."
(Wartburg Coll.)

Academic Year Appointment

An "appointment in which the faculty member renders services to the University during the academic year, from the beginning of the fall term through the end of the spring term
... or the equivalent of an academic year should the campus operate year-round."
(U. Ca. Santa Cruz) An appointment for two of three academic terms,
comprising either eight or nine months, the salary for which is frequently
spread over a twelve-month period. (U. Mich.) Cf. Calendar Year
Appointment.

Acceleration

Advancement of an academic appointee to a rank
or step before the normal period of time for such advancement pursuant to
established University policy. (U. Cal. San Diego)

Acting (generally)

The title
"acting" denotes a temporary
appointment at the Instructor or professorial
ranks. It is commonly used for persons who are on the faculty for a year or
less or for persons who have not yet completed the requirements for a regular
appointment. In the latter case, the acting title is dropped when the
requirements are completed. A faculty member whose appointment as instructor or
assistant professor has not been renewed may not be given an acting title.
(U. of Washington) "The prefix "Acting" denotes a
temporary faculty position, either full or part-time, with teaching or
professional librarian responsibilities and associated service responsibilities
of regular faculty on a pro-rated basis." (Sweet Briar Coll.)

Acting Assistant Professor

Acting assistant professors are full-time faculty members who have completed
all requirements for the doctoral degree except the dissertation. Acting
assistant professors are elected for one-year terms. They are expected to
receive the doctoral degree (or other terminal degree in the professional
schools) by the end of the initial term of election, despite full-time teaching
commitments. When the degree is awarded, "acting" is removed from the
title. The time spent as an acting assistant professor is included in the
probationary period leading to an election without term. (U. Va.)

Acting Instructor

"Individuals appointed as Acting Instructors
are usually advanced ... Stanford graduate students well launched on their
dissertations; occasionally graduate students from other institutions who are at
similar stages in their programs are appointed Acting Instructors. Individuals
at this rank are not yet ready for candidacy for Assistant Professor or
Assistant Professor (Subject to Ph.D.) positions." (Stanford)

Active Faculty

Active Faculty are all those faculty (regular and other) who are currently employed by
the University, including those on approved leave. Retired and emeriti faculty are not
included in the category of Active Faculty." (Santa Clara U.)

Additional Appointment

"Additional appointments are appointments
that extend the term of service of faculty on University-year appointments."
(U. Mich.)

"Adjoint" may appear either as a prefix
or, in rare cases, as a suffix to designate individuals who are employees of
external organizations but who offer courses or supervise academic programs,
often without additional compensation. It is difficult to discern any different
between "adjoint" and "adjunct," except that "adjoint"
always means that the incumbent is external, while at some institutions Adjunct
may mean a member of another school or department in the same institution.
"The prefix Adjoint designates a person who is based at another institution and who contributes to the mission of a school."
(Vanderbilt) At the University of Colorado at Boulder, "adjoint" is used as a
suffix, e.g. Associate Professor Adjoint. (U. Col. at Boulder)

1. An academic appointment awarded to a person
not employed by the institution but who is connected with or teaches courses at
the institution. Such adjunct appointments generally carry no regular
salary but the holder may be compensated on a per-course basis. Normally the prefix
"adjunct" may precede any other non-adjunct title, such as in
"Adjunct Assistant Clinical Professor." In rare cases, e.g. U.
of Colorado, "adjunct" is used as a suffix, as in Professor
Adjunct. (U. Col. at Boulder) "The term adjunct may be prefixed
to academic titles of faculty members who provide particular expertise
(knowledge and/or services) to the college program but whose participation is
limited in terms of responsibility to administration, teaching or research. This
prefix may also be used for individuals whose major affiliation is with another
institution." (Thomas Jefferson U.) "The prefix 'Adjunct'
relates to a temporary faculty position with responsibilities limited to
teaching and associated office hours." (Sweet Briar Coll.) "[T]hese
teaching ranks are normally intended for the appointment of persons whose
interests, as well as the interest of the University, are served by their
continuing in a professional capacity outside of the University while teaching
less than full time." (Yale) Cf. Adjoint, Affiliate.Whether holders of Adjunct positions are
considered Members of the Faculty for purposes of voting and other privileges
varies widely by institution.

2. A rarer
use of the term corresponds more to the meaning of Joint or
Courtesy, meaning that the holder is employed in another
unit of the institution but for some reason it is desirable to list an
affiliation with a different department or school.

Adjunct Clinical Staff

"The term 'adjunct clinical staff' is assigned to professional practitioners in the community or within the University who assume teaching responsibilities in the regular curriculum and have an appointment at less than 50% effort. Appointments are on an annual or shorter basis and are not tenured appointments."
(U. Mich.)

Adjunct College Laboratory Technician

A title, apparently unique to the City University
of New York, for people who are "not full-time members of the faculty
and who teach part-time or who have other part-time assignments in the
University." (CUNY)

Adjunct Instructor

1. Normally the lowest rank of Adjunct Faculty.

2. The title given to Adjunct faculty at
Southwestern College (KS) who have no rank at another institution. See
Adjunct Professor by Rank.

Adjunct Faculty

1. Collectively, the faculty members holding Adjunct
appointments.

2. "Adjunct faculty are those untenured faculty who have instructional duties but who are not on a full-time faculty contract."
(Seton Hall U.)

Adjunct Professor by Rank

1. A faculty member who teaches on a part-time per
course basis for the college, and who is a full-time ranked faculty member of
another institution of post-secondary education, may be assigned
"adjunct" rank at the college that is equivalent to the faculty
member's rank at the other institution. Should the other institution not use
rank, the title of adjunct instructor will be used. (Southwestern Coll. KS)
The words "by Rank" never form part of the incumbent's Working
Title. See by Rank.

2. "A faculty member who holds a term appointment and who teaches on either a part-time or full-time basis may be assigned the special rank of Adjunct Instructor, Adjunct Assistant Professor, Adjunct Associate Professor, or Adjunct Professor, depending on qualifications."
(St. Johns U.)

Adjunct Volunteer

A faculty track, apparently unique to Eastern
Tennessee State University School of Medicine, for persons who teach intermittently or
are intermittently involved in other medical school activities. (E. Tenn. St.
U.)

Administrative Faculty

Person who perform administrative
functions but are entitled to faculty status because of the nature of their
responsibilities. In this regard, department heads are in an ambiguous
position, being considered Administrative Faculty at some institutions but not
at others. "Administrative faculty perform
work directly related to management of the activities of the institution,
department, or subdivision. Incumbents in these positions exercise discretion
and independent judgment and generally direct the work of others." (Va.
Tech.) "An administrative
faculty member holds academic rank.This
category includes:

(b)other professional personnel with academic rank who administer major
academic support divisions or other units within the university."
(Murray St.) "For contract purposes, 'administrative faculty' shall be defined to include administrative employees
who carry academic rank. Department Heads are excluded from the definition of Administrative Faculty."(Nicholls
State U.) In the University of Nevada System, Administrative Faculty
includes only Executive Faculty, Supervisory Faculty and Support Faculty. See also Administrator.

Although this Handbook excludes
administrative titles, in many cases such roles are filled by person holding
academic rank. At Georgia State, for example, the title Administrator
means that the holder has an academic appointment. (Ga. State)

Administrator with Faculty Rank

"Administrators with faculty rank come to the faculty rank by one
of two routes. Some are appointed initially as administrators and then receive a faculty appointment as a way of facilitating their work
or in order for them to teach a course on occasion. Others are initially full-time faculty members who later receive
administrative appointments. Persons in the first category are employed for their expertise
in administrative positions. Their teaching is secondary. Persons in the second category, originally employed for their
disciplinary expertise, are normally on subsequent contracts or are tenured."
(Juniata Coll.) At some institutions, certain
Administrator positions, such as President or Provost, automatically confer
faculty rank. "A number of non-teaching positions by tradition or by reason of their association directly with programs of instruction carry faculty status."
(Eastern Nazarene Coll.) "Administrators with faculty rank are
members of the university holding faculty rank whose positions include oversight
for the university as a whole as well as management of its broader educational
goals and programs. The category of administrators with faculty rank includes
those members who are at the position of vice president or above, members of the
academic affairs council and the athletic director.

1. "Affiliate" appointments are intended to recognize
professional contributions to a department by an individual whose principal
employment lies outside the University. Appointments require similar
qualifications to those required for appointment to the corresponding rank.
Affiliate appointments are not benefit- eligible and are limited in the amount
of salary they may receive through the University.(U. of Washington) Cf. Adjunct, Affiliated.
Institutions adopting the "affiliate" designation normally use
"adjunct" in its second meaning of Joint rather
than "external." In some cases, the meanings of
"affiliate" and "adjunct" are reversed, as at the University
of Maryland, where "affiliate" means associated with another academic
unit at the University. See, e.g. Affiliate
Professor. The usual Series is {Affiliate Instructor, Affiliate Assistant Professor,
Affiliate Associate Professor, Affiliate Professor}.A title recognizing highly qualified persons who are not employed
by the institution but are closely associated with its programs. (U. Idaho). At
the University of Alaska, one who is engaged in Voluntary
Faculty service, not employed by the
institution. (U. Alaska)

2. A suffix denoting faculty who are employed by an affiliated institution and who are primarily responsible to that institution.
(Finch U.)

Affiliate Faculty

1. A synonym for Non-Regular Faculty. "The affiliate faculty consists of persons holding academic appointments other than the regular faculty ranks eligible for tenure. They are appointed to perform some but not all of the duties associated with the function of regular, tenure eligible faculty."
(Pacific Lutheran U.)

2. A synonym for Adjunct Faculty, applicable to
persons whose titles include the term Affiliate. "The special status of 'Affiliate Faculty' may be awarded by the President
... to those persons whose employment is with a person or organization that is associated with the University. Affiliate status is awarded as a courtesy. Other than association with the University, Affiliate Faculty are not entitled to any of the rights and privileges of regular faculty.
Affiliate Faculty shall not be employees or agents of the University and may not present themselves as such."
(Nicholls St. U.) See also Senior Affiliate Faculty.

3. At some institutions, a term for faculty with
Joint Appointments. "An affiliate faculty appointment recognizes a formal arrangement between a faculty member and a department or teaching unit outside that of the faculty member’s primary appointment. Ordinarily, only tenured faculty members are eligible for such an appointment."
(American U.)

A person who would otherwise be qualified as at
least an Associate Member of a graduate faculty
but is ineligible by reason of not holding an appointment in a department
offering graduate study or not holding the rank of at least Assistant
Professor. Such a person may be appointed as an Affiliate Member for a
renewable term and may serve on dissertation committees. (LSU) See also Member.

1. A title used to recognize the affiliation of a
faculty member or other university employee with an academic unit other than
that to which his or her appointment and salary are formally linked. The nature
of the affiliation shall be specified in writing, and the appointment shall be
made upon the recommendation of the faculty of the department with which the
appointee is to be affiliated and with the consent of the faculty of his or her
primary department. (U. Md.)

2. Affiliate titles are extended to
someone whose primary employment is with an agency outside of the University.
(U. Wash.) "This is an honorary title which may be assigned to
individuals who offer educational experience to the students of the College on a
regular part-time basis off campus pursuant to an affiliation agreement. Such
individuals are not employees of and have no contractual arrangements with the
College, although they may receive an honorarium." (Colby-Sawyer)

Used for faculty whose professional assignment
depends on the existence of an affiliation agreement between the institution and
an external employer, who normally is responsible for at least half of the
faculty member's pay. (U. Cinn.) Cf. Affiliate.

Affiliated Artist

Typically a graphic or performing artist who
maintains a mutually beneficial relationship with an educational institution,
generally for no compensation. "[T]he title Affiliated Scholar or Affiliated Artist may be given to qualified members of the academic community who are pursuing independent work."
(Hope Coll.)

Affiliated Clinical (generally)

A prefix used to describe medical faculty having
appropriate professional qualifications or having distinction and honor in that
person's own field who are appointed without compensation to a department or
center. (U. Fl.)

Affiliated Scholar

An "Institute designation which extends the privileges of
the University to visitors and independent scholars who are conducting research
projects." (Stanford) Indiana University "allows departments or
division to designate persons actively engaged in scholarly research as
affiliated scholars." (Ind. U.) "On occasion there are members of the local
community who have professional academic credentials but have not found appropriate employment opportunities. To enhance opportunities for such academically qualified persons to continue their professional development through research, scholarship, and creative activities in an academic environment, the College has created the Affiliated Scholars Program. Appointment as an Affiliated Scholar is non-salaried, carries no university duties, and implies no university support."
(Wm. & Mary)

Affiliated Teaching Faculty

A teaching position not carrying an associated Rank.
"People may be appointed to perform specialized teaching duties in
positions that do not carry tenure, rank, promotion, or faculty voting
privileges.Examples of such
positions are affiliated teachers of music and joint appointment of public
school teachers for student teaching supervision." (W. Wash. U.)

A
faculty rank for academic personnel employed to serve in a Cooperative Extension
role. The highest of a series of ranks that also includes Assistant Agent
and Associate Agent. Sometimes a rank in the tenurable Series {Associate
Agent, Agent, Senior Agent, Principal Agent}, as at the University of Maryland.
(U. Md.) Equivalent to a Cooperative Extension Educator. (LSU)
The title Principal Agent is sometimes the highest Agent rank. There are
several other Agent Series, including {Assistant Area Agent, Associate Area
Agent, Area Agent}, {Assistant County Agent,, Associate County Agent, County
Agent} (Southern U.)

Alumni
Distinguished Professor

"The alumni distinguished professorship
recognizes extraordinary academic citizenship and distinguished service within
the Virginia Tech university community. In recognition of the importance
of alumni to the university, the alumni distinguished professorship is a
pre-eminent faculty appointment, reserved by the board of visitors for
recognition of faculty who, over time, have made outstanding contributions to
the instructional program of the university and, in so doing, have touched the
lives of generations of Virginia Tech alumni. An appointment as alumni
distinguished professor is permanent, conferred by the board of visitors upon an
individual for the remainder of his or her active service as a member of the
Virginia Tech faculty ... Alumni distinguished professors should also expect to
be called on from time to time, individually and also as a group, to render some
special service or to offer particular advice to the university at large."
(Va. Tech.)

Alumnus Faculty

"Alumnus faculty are those graduates of Our Lady of Holy Cross College recognized for
their expertise and contributions to the life of the College." (Our Lady of
Holy Cross Coll.) Some institutions refuse to hire their own graduates, at
least not until a period of time has passed. "No alumnus of the
University of Guam shall be employed in an academic position prior to the
expiration of at least five (5) years from the date the alumnus received a
graduate degree from the University of Guam. Moreover, any such person, in order
to be considered for appointment, must, during the five-year period, acquire
relevant professional experience in higher education at another institution in
the field of his or her academic specialization; or obtain a second master's
degree or a terminal degree at an accredited institution other than the
University of Guam." (U. Guam)

Animal Science Extension Educator

A Cooperative Extension Educator position
focusing on animal agriculture. (Wash. St. U.)

2. A nearly but not quite universal term for the
process by which an individual becomes a faculty member. At the University
of Virginia, Teaching Faculty are "elected" by the Board of Visitors,
while administrative positions such as Dean are appointed by the
President. "Appointment, therefore, is an action
taken by or for the president and reported to the Board of Visitors. Thus, a
clear distinction is maintained between faculty status and administrative
assignments." (U. Va.)

One who "acquires, organizes, manages,
preserves, and makes available historical source material of significance to
research." (Ariz. St. U.) "Archives are no longer viewed as only the
physical repositories of research materials but have evolved into intellectual
learning centers. Archivists therefore perform a number of functions at the
University, including educational, research and service roles. They provide
research resources to students and faculty (as well as to the broader scholarly
public), introduce users to the process of archive-based research, sustain an
active interest in developments in related professional organizations, and serve
on appropriate University and professional association committees." (U.
Mich.) "Archivist" by itself is a concrete title, normally at
the high end of the archivist range, which includes Assistant Archivist,
Associate Archivist, Principal Archivist, Senior Archivist and Senior Assistant
Archivist.

A position "offered to outstanding professional artists who render a specified service to the University. This service can include lectures, performances, demonstrations, master classes, and consultations."
(S.W. Mo. St.) "Intended for those persons
whose professional activities are of a creative or performance nature,
including but not limited to theatre, dance, music, and art. In each case, the
qualifications shall reflect demonstrated superior proficiency and excellence
and progressively higher national and international reputation, as appropriate
to the ranks involved. Appointment to the rank of Senior Artist-in-Residence
may be made for a period of up to five years; appointment to the ranks of
Assistant Artist-in-Residence and Associate Artist-in-Residence may be made for
a period of up to three years."(U. Md.) "[P]ersons whose professional artistic
accomplishments qualify them for appointments to departments in fine and
performing arts." (U. Miss.)

Also (U. of Colorado at Boulder, U.S.C., U. of Washington).
The title "Artist in Residence" a concrete one at the top of the range
that includes Assistant Artist in Residence and Associate Artist in
Residence. See also In Residence.

Artist Teacher of (subject)

A
position for specialists in music instruction at the pre-collegiate level.
Example: Artist Teacher of Piano. (Vanderbilt) See also Senior Artist
Teacher of.

Assistant

A
non-faculty rank for individuals with a baccalaureate degree or possibly lesser
certification who participates in teaching, clinical service or administrative activities that contribute to the function
of a department or division. This appointment does not carry permanent faculty status."
(Med. U. S.C.)

See Clinical
Professor. Mt. Sinai School of Medicine makes a distinction between
Assistant Clinical Professor and "Clinical Assistant Professor"
(q.v.), the former being the in the Voluntary
Faculty track.
A synonym of Clinical Assistant Professor.

Assistant Coach

The Assistant
Coach "is responsible for assisting the Head Coach in planning and directing the recruitment, conditioning, training and athletic performance of student athlete team members. The Assistant Coach shall assume responsibility for the success of team performance, and for student athletes in meeting their academic performance and eligibility criteria."
(Cal. St. Fresno)

Assistant
Cooperative Extension Educator

See
Cooperative Extension Educator.
The minimum requirement for this position is a Master's degree in a
related field with the appropriate qualifications and related experience.(Wright State)

Assistant
Cooperative Extension Educator in-Residence

A
Cooperative Extension title unique to the University of Connecticut. (U. Conn.)

At
Columbia, an "assistant curator is a full-time candidate for a graduate
degree in the University who is appointed to maintain the slide and photographic
collections used in the courses taught in the Department of Art History and
Archaeology. An assistant curator is normally appointed for one or more terms
for part-time service, which is renewable." (Columbia)

Assistant
Engineer

The
engineering equivalent of Assistant Scientist; a non-tenured research position
at the rank of Assistant Professor. (State Universities of Florida) See Engineer.

A
junior tenure-ineligible specialty faculty
position. The incumbent must hold a master's degree in a field of
specialization. In some cases, experience and/or training may be used as a
substitute for educational requirements when such training or experience is
judged equivalent to these requirements. Authorship or co-authorship of
significant publications in the field of specialization may be regarded as
evidence of qualifying experience and training. (U. Fl.) See also Associate
In.

Assistant
In Clinical (subject)

At
Columbia, the most junior title given to officers who are conducting substantial
original research as well as teaching and participating in patient care.
(Columbia)

Assistant
In Instruction

1.
"Full- or part-time renewable term appointments to fulfill specialized
functions falling short of normal faculty responsibilities. Assistant
appointments are made outside of rank." (Middlebury Coll.)

2.
A
title for persons who carry out the duties of Teaching
Fellows but who are usually not currently enrolled in one of the institution's
graduate or professional schools. The term is also used for
third-year students who assist members of the faculty in legal research
programs. (Yale) Despite the title, this is not an "Assistant In"
position.

Assistant-In
Libraries

The
"beginning rank for persons whose duties require basic professional skills
and techniques in a specialized area. Faculty in this rank are responsible for
technical, service or other functions relating to library wide operations and
performance." (U. Fl.) Cf. Associate-In Libraries.

1. An individual
possessing relevant training and demonstrated competence in a particular
discipline to carry out instructional activities or laboratory supervision or
instruction in that discipline on a part-time basis. The duties and
responsibilities are to assist faculty members in
performing instructional tasks. An individual employed in this capacity is not
enrolled in a graduate program. This title will be included in the special
faculty ranks, with minimum degree qualifications being the possession of the
master's degree or its equivalent. Because of the temporary nature of this
position, appointments to this title shall be made on a semester by semester
basis and persons holding this title will not earn tenure or be eligible for
benefits, including retirement. (U.
Colorado at Boulder)

"The appointee shall be competent to fill a specific position
in an acceptable manner, but he or she is not required to meet all the
requirements for an Instructor. He or she shall hold the appropriate baccalaureate
degree or possess equivalent experience."(U. Md.) "This is a full-time rank requiring at least a bachelor's degree in
the area of specialization. Except under unusual circumstances, assistant instructors do
not teach courses carrying degree credit."
(Old Dominion)

2. In medical schools, a common title for volunteer
faculty "who perform postdoctoral training as interns, residents, clinical fellows, or research
fellows (collectively, 'trainees') whose learning experience includes
instruction of students or other trainees." (U. Md.) Cf. Clinical
Instructor.

A rank equivalent to Assistant Professor. The incumbent is
"under the supervision of a library administrator to supervise the work of professional and nonprofessional assistants and to aid in the development of materials and services to meet the instructional, research, and extension needs of the University."
(LSU) See also Librarian. (U. Cinn.)

Along with Professor
and Associate Professor, one of the three
fundament U.S. academic titles. At many institutions, it is the lowest
rung on the tenure-track ladder. (Some institutions have an Instructor
rank one level below Assistant Professor.) "This title requires faculty to have the
terminal degree appropriate to their field or its equivalent, plus some successful
teaching experience. They should be otherwise well qualified to teach at the
undergraduate and graduate levels and possess qualifications for research in a
special field." (U. Colorado at Boulder) "Qualifications for
initial appointment include promise as a teacher and scholar or creative artist.
Reappointment requires evidence of success as a teacher and of achievement as a
scholar or as an artist." (Yale)

A title, apparently unique to
Stanford, indicating that the incumbent has not yet been awarded a doctorate.
"It is not a rank in the tenure line. Rather, it is a notice that the offer
of a regular assistant professorship, made after the normal search and review,
depends upon completion of the Ph.D. ... Upon official confirmation from a
person at the level of dean or registrar at the individual’s university
stating that all the requirements for the Ph.D. degree have been completed, the
"Subject to Ph.D." designation is removed. The individual becomes a
regular Assistant Professor ... and begins accruing time toward tenure by length
of service." (Stanford)

Assistant Professor WOT

A title, unique to the
University of Washington, indicating that the
incumbent is Without Tenure for one of
two possible reasons.(U. of Washington)

A title common
at foreign institutions but rarely used in the US, apparently only at Tulane,
whose Research Associate Series is {Postdoctoral Fellow, Assistant Research
Fellow, Associate Research Fellow, and Senior Research Fellow}. (Tulane)

A rare title, employed at
universities in Maryland and at the Universities of Florida and Indiana to
denote a junior research position without instructional duties, equivalent to
Assistant Scholar. (U. Md.) Its rarity derives form the fact that at
most institutions the lowest rank in the Research
Scholar Series is Associate Research Scholar, which is confusingly
equivalent in rank to Assistant Professor.

Assistant Researcher

1. A title in the Professional
Research Series, granted only to those who personally perform research, and
not to those who provide assistance to researchers. (U. Cal. Santa
Barbara) [U. Wisc.]

2. One who
"performs professional and scientific research in the field or branch of
learning represented by and consistent with the goals of the unit with which he/she is associated."
(U. Hawaii). Cf. Junior Researcher.

Assistant Scholar

A nontenured research position in
fields other than science and engineering, with rank equivalent to Assistant
Professor. (State Universities of Florida, U. Indiana) See also Scholar.

Assistant Scientist

A nontenured research position in
a scientific field, analogous to Assistant
Scholar and Assistant Engineer, with rank equivalent to Assistant Professor.
(State Universities of Florida, U. Indiana) See also Scientist.

1. A prefix used to
designate an academic rank generally one level below the highest, as in
Associate Professor.

2 Sometimes a
title in itself, denoting a non-faculty academic position as a researcher
whose duties and responsibilities are equivalent to those of an Instructor. (LSU)
At Johns Hopkins, the titles of
Senior Associate and Associate are granted to individuals who are not regular full-time members of the
faculty but play a major role in the teaching and/or research activities of the
institution.Senior associates have significant experience and educational background
justifying a more senior level of recognition.Others are given the rank of Associate. (Johns Hopkins)

3. An "officer of instruction possessing
special competence in a given field who does not hold the Ph.D. degree or its
academic equivalent." (Barnard Coll.) "A title for a nonstudent with limited credentials who is assigned to a specialized teaching, research, or extension position. Associates are exempt staff and are not members of the university faculty or of constituent faculties."
(U. Idaho) See also Senior Associate.

4. "Associate appointments are regular
faculty appointments in rank which normally carry no more than one-half the
normal College teaching responsibility. Associates have all the rights,
responsibilities and privileges of their rank, including tenure for associates
at the rank of associate professor or professor." (Middlebury Coll.)

A
second-tier status in the Graduate Faculty. Institutions differ over the
privileges accorded Associate Graduate faculty. At some, they are
permitted to teach graduate courses but not direct dissertations. Other
grant essentially full rights. "Persons promoted to or appointed as Assistant Professor who
hold the appropriate terminal degree for the discipline in which they are
employed. Associate members may teach graduate courses; direct theses; co-direct
dissertations; participate on thesis, dissertation, and examining committees."
(U. Miss.) See Graduate Faculty. Cf. Full Graduate Faculty.

1.
A
mid-level tenure-ineligible specialty faculty
position, on level above Assistant In. The
incumbent must hold a master's degree in a field of specialization. In some
cases, experience and/or training may be used as a substitute for educational
requirements when such training or experience is judged equivalent to these
requirements. Authorship or co-authorship of significant publications in the
field of specialization may be regarded as evidence of qualifying experience and
training. (U. Fl.)

2.
A title used for Joint Appointments at Wake Forest University. "Full-time faculty who conduct activities in a department or school other than their
primary appointment may be granted the title of "associate in" in the secondary school or department."
(Wake Forest)

3.
"The Associate In title is reserved for registered University of California graduate students.
Associate In appointees are responsible for the entire instruction of a course, and appointment of an Associate In should be treated as an exceptional event for an exceptional purpose.
It is not intended as a means of graduate student support or as a regular means of replacing faculty who are on leave.
Such an appointment should provide an opportunity for students to benefit from the unusual talents or unique expertise of advanced graduate students.
It should be used for a faculty substitution only when it is impossible to find an appropriate temporary faculty appointment in an emergency."
(U. Ca. San Diego)

Associate
In Clinical (subject)

At
Columbia, a junior title given to officers who are conducting substantial
original research as well as teaching and participating in patient care, one
rank below Assist Professor of Clinical. (Columbia)

Associate-In
Libraries

The
"highest rank for persons whose duties require substantial knowledge of
professional skills and techniques in a specialized area. Faculty in this rank
are responsible for highly complex technical, service or other functions
relating to library-wide operations and performance. Mature professional
judgment, a broad perspective of the library and the university, and excellent
analytic skills are required to work at this level." (U. Fl.) Cf. Assistant-In
Libraries.

Associate
in Research

Despite
the name, not an Associate In title, but at Brown a
junior researcher holding the M.Sc. degree, and are hired to work on specific
projects under the direction of the principal researcher. (Brown)

"A
graduate student who is employed as a teacher and engages in activity as a
teacher. Teaching consists of the activities of teaching, lecturing, tutoring,
instructing, laboratory assisting in an instructional role, and the like in the
activity of imparting knowledge, providing the employee has responsibility for
assigning grades for at least a portion of a course and has direct contact with
students." (Ind. U.)

A Librarian rank equivalent to Associate Professor, requiring
"proven administrative qualities of leadership, and other personal and academic qualifications
... The individual, as delegated by the Director of the Library, assists in the administration of major areas of library service and contributes to the formulation and execution of an effective library program."
See also Librarian. (U. Cinn.)

In
institutions using the Member designation for graduate
faculty, a person having at least the rank of Assistant Professor in a
department offering graduate study and a highest degree appropriate to the field
or unquestionable evidence of comparable achievement in the field." (LSU)
Cf. Affiliate Member.

Along with Professor
and Assistant Professor, one of the three
fundamental ranks of U.S. tenure-track faculty. A second appointment to
Associate Professor carries tenure. For that reason, a faculty member may
occupy this mid-rank for many years or decades, and in some cases never advance
to Professor. See Associate Professor on Term."A scholar who meets all the requirements
for appointment as an assistant professor and in addition enjoys a national
reputation and shows great promise of becoming a scholar of distinction."
(Boston U.)"A regular, full-time tenure-track appointment of
a person who normally holds the earned doctorate and who possesses strong
potential for further development as a teacher and a scholar. To be eligible for
this rank, a faculty member must have a record of effective performance usually
involving both teaching and research, or creativity or performance in the arts,
or recognized professional contributions." (U. of So. Carolina)"Faculty with this rank should have the terminal degree appropriate to their
field or its equivalent, considerable successful teaching experience, and
promising accomplishment in research." (U. Colorado)

An associate professor with an appointment to a
fixed term of years, as opposed to an Associate Professor with tenure. "Associate
professor on term is normally the rank of promotion from assistant professor or
the rank of initial appointment at Yale for an individual with scholarly or
artistic achievement and substantial previous teaching experience. Achievement
and promise as a teacher and scholar or artist should be such as to qualify for
tenure at a major institution within five years. To be considered for this
appointment candidates must present a substantial work or body of scholarship
that represents research undertaken after the dissertation and extending beyond
the scope of the dissertation." (Yale) Cf. Associate Professor
Without Tenure.

Associate Professor With Tenure

See Associate Professor Without Tenure.

Associate Professor Without Tenure

At most (but decidedly not all) institutions,
Assistant Professors do not have tenure, Professors have tenure, but Associate
Professors may or may not have tenure. It is therefore necessary for
administrative purposes to distinguish between the two categories of Associate
Professor. The designation "Without Tenure" may be used
internally and on the incumbent's resume but is virtually never a component of
the incumbent's Working Title (but see Associate Professor WOT). Cf. Associate
Professor on Term, Associate Professor With Tenure.

Associate Professor WOT

A title unique
to the University of Washington but generally
equivalent to Associate Professor Without Tenure. However, the suffix WOT
(often in parentheses) is a part of the incumbent's Working Title at that
institution. Cf. Associate
Professor on Term.

"This appointment is given to persons who are engaged in scholarly or scientific research in association with a faculty member or as a member of a research group. Such persons will normally have at least two years of research experience following a Ph.D. (or equivalent), will have demonstrated professional ability in fields related to the work or program of the department or area concerned, and will be expected to contribute to it as a colleague."
(Yale) See also Research
Scientist. (U. Md., U. Mich.)

Associate Researcher

A title in the Professional
Research Series, granted only to those who personally perform research, and
not to those who provide assistance to researchers. (U. Cal. Santa
Barbara) [U. Wisc.]

Associate Scholar

A nontenured research position in
fields other than science and engineering, with rank equivalent to Associate
Professor. (State Universities of Florida, U. Indiana) See also Scholar.

Associate Scientist

A nontenured research position in
a scientific field, analogous to Associate
Scholar and Associate Engineer, with rank equivalent to Associate Professor.
(State Universities of Florida, U. Indiana) See also Scientist.

Associate Senior Librarian

A title
indistinguishable from Senior Associate Librarian. The University of
Cincinnati maintains the extensive Series {Beginning Librarian, Assistant
Librarian, Associate Librarian, Associate Senior Librarian, Senior Librarian,
University Librarian}. (U. Cinn.)

Associate Service Professor

A Service Faculty title, apparently unique to Florida State
University. (FSU)

A tenurable research position requiring the qualifications
for an Assistant Staff Scientist plus extensive successful research experience.
(U. Md.)

Associate
Supervisor

In the University
of California System, a tenured academic rank in the Physical Education Departments
equivalent to Associate Professor, and one level below Supervisor. (Univ. of
Cal.) Often Associate Supervisor of Physical Education.

A term denoting
nontenured faculty, typically research faculty in the Series {Research Assistant
Professor, Research Associate Professor, Research Professor}. Faculty who have a varied and important role in the research,
teaching and professional programs of the institution but who do not acquire
tenure, including visitors, adjuncts and lecturers. "The Associated
Faculty is composed of the Research Faculty, the clinical Faculty, the Adjunct
Faculty, Practice Professors, and the Visiting Faculty." (U. of
Pa.) At the University of Miami, all faculty who are not classified as
University Faculty. (U. Miami) Sometimes referred to
as Non-Standing Faculty. See also Auxiliary Faculty. Cf. Academic
Support Staff, Standing Faculty.

A research
designation at universities performing significant astronomical
observations. "Astronomer" is also a concrete title equivalent
to Professor, at the top of a Series that also includes Junior Astronomer
(equivalent to Instructor), Assistant Astronomer (Equivalent to Assistant
Professor) and
Associate Astronomer (Equivalent to Associate Professor). (U. Cal., U. Hawaii)

At Rank

An appointment At Rank is one given to an
affiliated person at a rank equivalent to that held at the Home
Institution. For example, an Assistant Research Scientist would receive
the At Rank title of Research Assistant Professor. (U. Md. Baltimore)

Athletics
Faculty

"[F]aculty members who teach athletics department courses and/or coach varsity-level sports, and who hold appointments that are designated by function or title, not by faculty rank."
(Col. School of Mines) Whether Athletics Faculty are eligible for tenure
varies by institution.

A
suffix apparently used only at the University of Colorado. "An 'attendant rank' title instructor, senior instructor, assistant
professor, associate professor, or professor may be granted to persons holding
University administrative or service positions. Those approved for this rank
are expected to possess the same scholarly qualifications in a discipline as
regular faculty members and to engage in instructional activities without
compensation over and above their regular salary. Those attaining this title
have the same rights and privileges available to regular faculty members,
including membership in the Faculty Senate, except that they are not eligible
for consideration for tenure." The Series is {Instructor Attendant, Senior
Instructor Attendant, Assistant Professor Attendant, Associate Professor
Attendant, Professor Attendant}. (U. Colorado at Boulder)

Auxiliary Faculty

A
synonym for Associated Faculty. "Appointees to the auxiliary faculty
shall be individuals who participate in the university's academic program and
make a substantial contribution to the academic activities of the various
colleges, but whose continuing professional activities do not span the full
range of responsibilities of regular faculty members in the appointing
department or college. In light of the University's need to retain the
flexibility to adjust its programs to meet changing needs and to employ faculty
with more specialized foci to that end, auxiliary faculty may be appointed as
research, clinical, lecturer (or lecturing), adjunct or visiting faculty members
... Auxiliary faculty may hold the ranks of professor, associate professor,
assistant professor, or instructor." (U. Utah.)

Beginning Librarian

A term colloquially
used for a first Librarian appointment, both inside and
outside of academia, but apparently an official title only at the University of
Cincinnati. (U. Cinn.)

Bicentennial Preceptor

An Honorific
position exclusive to Princeton University, endowed with funds raised during the
University's Bicentennial in 1946. (Princeton) See Preceptor.

The top
Honorific rank at the University of
Connecticut, to which it is unique, conferred for life on no more than five percent of the active
faculty at any one time. (U. Conn.) Equivalent to Trustees Distinguished
Professor.

Board of
Trustees Professor

An
Honorific conferred for special service or distinction, similar to Distinguished
Professor or University Professor. "Appointment as 'Board of Trustees
Professor' shall be awarded to select professors who have truly distinguished
themselves in their teaching, devotion to students, professional publications
and contributions, and service to the University throughout the years.(St.
Bonaventure) Equivalent to
Trustee Professor.

A suffix designating a
Courtesy appointment. At Stanford, this usage is
highly stylized and follows strict punctuation. Example: "Professor,
by Courtesy, of Physics." (Stanford) See also Fellow-by-Courtesy.

A term
meaning that the incumbent is assigned a rank based on rank at the Home
Institution. See, e.g., Adjunct Professor by Rank. (Southwestern Coll. KS)

Calendar Year
Appointment

A
twelve-month appointment, not necessarily beginning in January. "Some faculty members have assigned responsibilities that extend throughout the calendar year, largely independent of the academic calendar. Such faculty members will be on calendar-year appointments with work assignments covering the full 12 months except for periods of annual leave. The kinds of positions that may call for calendar-year appointments include department heads or chairs, college and university administrative and professional faculty, and non-administrative faculty positions that have significant funding from general fund appropriations of the research division, Virginia Cooperative Extension, continuing education, or public service programs."
(Va. Tech.) "Calendar year appointments (12 months per year) are
given to those who teach a summer course or continue full-time research during
the summer." (Loma Linda U.) Cf. Academic Year Appointment

Campus Faculty
Privilege

A
mechanism under which persons who are not Members of the Faculty are given all
privileges extended to Members of the Faculty (such as voting at faculty
meetings), except the privilege of being a Member of the Faculty.
(Clayton)

Campus-Wide Appointment

A chair or professorship "endowed at the
campus level with the intent of allowing the campus to recognize faculty members
without any restriction concerning discipline." (U. Ill.)

Career Faculty

The Regular
Faculty. "Career faculty include those regular faculty members designated "career" by virtue of contract and "track."
These are individuals whom the University employs after a period of evaluation and review via multi-year contracts.
Career faculty serve in the ranks of instructor, assistant professor, associate professor, and professor."
(Hawaii Pacific U.)

Casual
Appointment

A
common term in Canada and Australia, but rare in the US. A temporary
appointment "of a limited nature ... not covered by contractual provisions.
Casual employees are compensated in some manner other than basic annual salary (i.e., biweekly, hourly, fee for service, or per
diem)." (SUNY Potsdam) An "appointment established at any percentage of time, fixed or variable, which is expected to continue for less than 1,000 hours in a 12-month period."
(U. Cal. San Diego) At many institutions, a synonym for Limited
Appointment.

Centennial Professor

A
Honorific professorship created during Vanderbilt University's Centennial Campaign
(1977-1981), having the characteristics of a Named Professorship. (Vanderbilt)

A
non-tenured rank conferred at several institutions."Appointments
to the rank of Center Fellow are for a fixed, renewable term, are not in the
tenure line, and are contingent on continued programmatic need (including
program funding) [of a policy center or institute]. ... Most Center Fellow
appointments are driven by the need for specific expertise relevant to the
mission of the policy center or institute." (Stanford) Cf. Senior
Fellow.

Chair

1.
See Endowed Chair, Named Chair.

2. A
synonym for chairman or department head, as in "The Chair of the Physics
Department actually teaches courses."

A
title for "persons who have earned the title of Professor and who have
demonstrated unusual academic merit and whose continued promise for scholarly
achievement is unusually high. ... The total number of Chancellor's Professors
on the campus, excluding emeritus faculty, cannot exceed 3% of the filled
faculty lines." (U. Cal. Irvine).

A
professorship created during Vanderbilt University's Campaign for Vanderbilt
(1990-1995), having the characteristics of a Named Professorship. (Vanderbilt)

Chancellor's
Teaching Scholar

"This
title is awarded to associate professors or professors who have held a faculty
appointment for at least 5 years and have demonstrated excellence in teaching
and instructional development." (U. of Tenn. at Knoxville)

Chief Post-MD Officer

The
title used for Chief Resident in the University of California System. (U. Cal.)

Chief
Resident

A
medical school Functional Title often carrying a relatively low faculty rank, e.g. Clinical
Instructor (Mt. Sinai. Sch. Med.).
In the University of California System, Chief Post-MD Officer. See also
Senior Assistant Instructor.

Classification
Title

A title
used for internal purposes, such as salary and benefits administration, that
need have no relationship to the Official Title or Working Title. "Every status
position has a Classification Title, which provides a general description of the
position's purpose (e.g. 'Admissions Officer I', or 'Instructor'). The
Classification Title is associated directly with the position, even when the
position is vacant." (U. N.H.) Cf. Operational Title.

1. A clinical appointment in the
appropriate rank is usually made to a person who holds a primary appointment
with an outside agency or non-academic unit of the University, or who is in
private practice. Clinical faculty make substantial contributions to University
programs through their expertise, interest, and motivation to work with the
faculty in preparing and assisting with the instruction of students in
practicum settings.(U. of Wash.)
The faculty modifier "Clinical" applies to persons of professional
qualifications who perform teaching, research, or extension functions in a
hospital, clinic, or other clinical environment in connection with an
established program of the institution (U. Fl.) Faculty of the School of Medicine whose academic ranks
contain the prefix "Clinical" serve in a volunteer capacity without
financial compensation. (Emory) While "clinical" often suggests
a medical connection, Clinical titles do not necessarily imply that the
incumbent is a health professional. At the University of Illinois, for
example, Clinical titles are used for librarians. (U. Ill.)

2. A
parenthetical suffix denoted a non-tenured medical school appointment. "Clinically competent professionals who are highly qualified to meet responsibilities in providing care and/or counseling to clients are essential if the education and research programs of these areas are to remain adequate and competitive. To fulfill the need indicated above more effectively and to attract and retain professional personnel, a clinical title series for appointments and promotions without tenure is established."
(U. Ky.) Example: Assistant Professor (Clinical). "In everyday usage, the
parenthetic designation may be removed from the titles of Assistant Professors,
Associate Professors, and Professors holding non-tenure line appointments, but
it is to remain in their titles in official publications, personnel files,
appointment and promotion papers, administrative records, and other similar
contexts." (Stanford). At some
institutions the suffix is placed before the name of the holder's field of
study, e.g. "Professor of Clinical Law." (Tulane) At Columbia,
there is a difference between the titles Clinical Professor of X and Professor
of Clinical X, the former meaning that the incumbent performs original research,
the latter indicating primarily a teaching and patient care position. At
Vanderbilt, "The prefix Clinical designates a practicing health professional who has responsibilities in teaching, research, or patient care."
Cf. Professor of Clinical (subject).

Clinical
Affiliate

In the
University of California System, a title reserved for nonsalaried foreign
physicians obtaining training as observers in a clinical program. (U. Cal.)

Clinical
Assistant

"A
clinical assistant shall perform research studies on a temporary basis in the
nature of an internship. No clinical assistant shall be assigned to regular
teaching duties" (CUNY)

Clinical Assistant
Instructor

"Therank of assistant instructor (including clinical assistant instructor,
adjunct assistant instructor, research assistant instructor)shall be held by a faculty member with a bachelor's degree; and if
appropriate, with a certificate, licensure, or registration in his or her fields
of specialization." See Clinical. (Drexel)
"Each resident has a faculty appointment as a Clinical Assistant Instructor."
(SUNY Buffalo)

Clinical Assistant Professor

An
Assistant Professor in the Clinical Track, not necessarily in medicine. (Emory)

Clinical Associate

1. A junior rank for
individuals in health-related programs who have at least Master's level
credentials or the professional degree equivalent and who have completed
professional training and usually possess established skills. One rank below
Clinical Senior Associate. (Emory)

2.
"The academic title of Clinical Associate is generally used for Volunteer
Faculty members who do not qualify for the full responsibility normally assigned
to Assistant Clinical Professors." (U. Ca. Davis)

3. A nonsalaried title
for licensed physicians obtaining additional training through observation of and
participation in a clinical program (U. Cal.)

An
Associate Professor in the Clinical Track, not necessarily in medicine.
(Emory)

Clinical
Educator Track

"Appointment of a Faculty member within the
Clinical Educator Track category is applicable to fulltime, non-tenured,
clinical Faculty who are engaged in patient care and teaching. The rank is
designated by placing the word "Clinical" (or "Practice of' in the case of
Pathology) before the department (e.g., Assistant Professor of Clinical
Medicine, Assistant Professor of the Practice of Pathology, etc.)." (Finch
U.)

Clinical Faculty

"[R]enewable-term
faculty in programs subject to professional accreditation that require clinical
teaching and/or clinical supervision and/or clinical direction." (U.
Iowa) "Clinical faculty appointments provide appointments to programs
with clinical field components for non-university employees to supervise the
clinical work of University students. Clinical faculty are generally employees
of an agency where the clinical work takes place and hold appointments without
rank or eligibility for tenure for one semester; such appointments are made
solely for the purpose of clinical supervision." (Radford U.)

Clinical Fellow

A
non-faculty academic rank used in medical schools for individuals with clinical
responsibilities who have completed residency training or other appropriate
training and are enrolled in a fellowship training program. "Clinical
fellows engage in University-based activities, both clinical and scholarly. They
may minister to patients as part of their training to the extent permitted by
legal and quality standards ... Their University status is comparable to that of
postdoctoral associate if they are paid by the University or postdoctoral fellow
if they are paid by a training grant." (Yale) "The title Clinical Fellow is given to persons in the schools of Medicine and Nursing who are engaged in studies and clinical experience, including the care of patients, beyond graduate training in a specified field of clinical education."
(Vanderbilt)

Clinical Fellow Instructor

A
junior rank indicating a trainee in a program sponsored by an affiliated medical
institution. (Wright
State)

Clinical Instructor

1. A rank in the
Voluntary Faculty of a medical
school, equivalent to Instructor. (Emory) "A partially affiliated
member of the clinical science faculty who receives no remuneration."
(Wright St.)

A Lecturer in the
Clinical Track, not necessarily in a medical specialty. (OSU) A "person
who, by training and experience, is competent to participate in campus-based
training programs on a visiting basis." (U. R.I.) At some
institutions, e.g. the University of Alaska, "Clinical" is
reserved for heath care delivery professionals.

Clinical Master
Teacher

"[S]pecially selected elementary, middle, and secondary classroom teachers who combine the roles of college supervisor and cooperating teacher and work in teams to supervise teacher interns."
(U. Ala.) Cf. Master Teacher.

A Clinical Volunteer
title apparently unique to Wright State University. (Wright State)

Clinical Resident Instructor

A
junior rank indicating a trainee in a program sponsored by an affiliated medical
institution. (Wright
State)

Clinical Scholar

"The purpose of the Clinical Scholar designation is to provide a legitimate basis for appointing and recognizing the scholarly accomplishments of professors whose academic profiles do not permit sufficient effort to be devoted to research scholarship to allow them to meet the standards for the award of tenure."
(USC)

Clinical Senior Associate

A
title, apparently unique in the US to Emory, granted in "those Departments
in which the Allied Health programs are located for Allied Health professionals
from outside Emory who have attained at least master’s level
degrees." One rank above Clinical Associate. (Emory)

Clinical
Staff

"All
licensed physicians, ... dentists, PhD Clinical Pathologists and PhD Clinical
Psychologists holding faculty appointments ... who are privileged to attend
patients." (U. Va.) "Appointments as Clinical Staff may be offered to a limited number
of highly qualified individuals whose professional competence and experience is deemed beneficial to the educational mission of the Departments
and Professional Schools." (Fordham)

Clinical
Supervisor

A person assigned to observe, advise, and supervise students in clinical situations.
(Marquette) "This title refers to an inside appointee with or without
a terminal degree, supervising practica or training graduate students." (U.
Conn.) "Clinical supervisors are ... practitioners who are assigned regular and continuing responsibilities
in the clinical setting." (E. Central U.)

Clinical Track

1. A
medical, nursing, dental and veterinary school Track. "Appointments
to the Clinical Track are designed for those pursuing a career of clinical care,
teaching, mentoring, clinical scholarship, and service. Faculty on this track
must have an "obvious instructional component" included in their
professional activities, and which is verified and evaluated in the annual
review process for renewal of appointment." (Duke) "The Clinical Track emphasizes professional service and education in clinical settings."
(U. Kans.)

2. A
Track for faculty devoted to the teaching of professional practice, not
necessarily in medical fields, but including such subjects as architecture,
business, design and law.

Clinical Volunteer (generally)

A faculty track at a small number of medical
schools, for persons who teach regularly, either for no compensation or part-time compensation.
(E. Tenn. St. U., U. Utah) Cf. Adjunct Volunteer.

Clinician

A
nontenured Clinical position in the Series {Clinician, Senior Clinician}.
Does not necessarily imply connection with a medical or health program. (Iowa
St. U.)

Clinician Educator

1. A term
describing teaching professionals at medical, dental and veterinary schools and
schools of social work. (U. of Pa.) At Brown, a full-time employee of an
affiliated institution who teaches in a clinical diagnostic or research program.
(Brown) They are "health professionals with appropriate professional degrees who are primarily engaged in patient care and teaching, and may have related scholarly responsibilities. While they are not eligible for tenure, they may hold the rank of lecturer, assistant professor, associate professor, or professor."
(U. N.M.)

2. A
medical school Track for individuals who achieve excellence as clinicians
and teachers. The Yale School of Medicine requirement is typical:
"Faculty in this track must play an integral role in the department's
clinical and teaching programs. They must also participate in the research
endeavors of the School." (Yale)

Clinician Scholar Track

A Track
at Yale School of Medicine for those who "excel in patient care and
teaching and must have an emerging national reputation for outstanding
scholarship." (Yale)

Closed-Ended
Appointment

A Term
Appointment. (U. Mich.)

Coach

Note:
not all Coach positions are in physical education. Some institutions use
Coach as a title in such disciplines as nursing, speech therapy and voice
instruction.

1.
"Persons appointed to coaching assignments are in Instructional Faculty
positions. Assignments of persons in the coaching track may include
coaching, teaching or other related duties; persons in the tenure track may be
given coaching assignments ... A university coaching member is both a teacher
and a professional person who works within an institutional setting." (Cal.
St.) "The title of Coach shall be accorded to a person whose primary responsibilities
include assignments to coach intercollegiate sports. Coaches may also be assigned teaching
responsibilities based upon their qualifications. Full-time coaches who also teach shall be assigned the title of
Lecturer or Senior Lecturer." (Wartburg Coll.) The variety of
coaching titles is wide -- not all are listed in this Handbook: Assistant Coach,
Assistant Had Coach, Associate Coach, Associate Head Coach, Coaching Assistant,
First Assistant Coach. (SUNY) Specialist A (U. Conn.) See also Head
Coach, Intercollegiate Coach.

2. A
title for adjunct members of a department of physical education. (Hamilton
Coll.)

Coach-Lecturer

"Coach-Lecturers are appointed to academic staff positions and, as such, are not tenurable in the College or eligible for faculty sabbatical leave."
(Hamline U.)

Coaching
Assistant

A
junior faculty position for one who "under direction, performs a variety of
coaching functions related to one or more sports in the intercollegiate athletic
program." (Cal. St.)

Coaching
Faculty

Usually
an informal term for faculty whose titles include Coach. Occasionally
Coaching Faculty is a formally named and distinct component of the faculty. (San
Jose St.)

Coaching
Specialist

A
faculty position for one who "performs specialized coaching functions in support of a higher level person in a major program activity of an intercollegiate athletic program
... positions in this class also may involve the performance of functions of a Head Coach in an intercollegiate athletic activity which is more limited than the activity typical of a Head Coach or the position may involve the responsibility for serving as a full assistant to a Head Coach in such a program activity."
(Cal. St.)

Collaborator
(generally)

A
suffix, usually parenthetical, denoting a person not employed by the host institution
and who is appointed to the nontenured faculty
without remuneration, usually because of special expertise deemed useful to the
institution. "A collaborator appointment may be made at any academic rank and remains in effect as long as it is mutually agreeable to both the department and the individual."
(Iowa St. U.)

Collateral
Faculty

The equivalent of Non-Regular Faculty
at most institutions using the term. "There shall be three kinds of
faculty appointments: (a) Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty, (b) Collateral
Faculty, and (c) Affiliated Faculty." (U. Minn.) At the University of
South Florida Medical School the division is Core Faculty, Collateral Faculty,
Voluntary Faculty. (U. So. Fl.) At Virginia Commonwealth University, Collateral faculty are
part-time, untenured specified term appointments."
(Va. Commonwealth U.)

College and University
Faculty

A
legal term defined in the Louisiana statutes as "members of the instructional staff of each college and university having the rank of instructor or higher and persons engaged in library, artistic, research and investigative positions of equal dignity. The head of each college or university and its academic officers shall be members of the faculty.”
(La. R.S. 17:3304)

College Lecturer

A largely foreign
title in use at a small number of US institutions. "College lecturers
are full-time nontenure-track faculty with a primary responsibility for teaching
and secondary responsibility for academic unit participation"
(Northwestern)

A named chair, professorships, or faculty fellowships established at the college
(as opposed to university) level for recognition of members either anywhere in the college or in a set of related disciplines.
(U. Ill.)

Collegiate
Faculty (generally)

Nontenurable
faculty
engaged primarily in instruction rather than research who are nonetheless
awarded professorial titles to facilitate recruitment and retention. See, e.g.,
Collegiate Professor. (U. Md.) At Virginia Tech, a faculty member
associated with a department, as opposed, for example, to Library Faculty and
Extension Faculty, who have no departmental affiliation. (Va. Tech.)

Collegiate Fellow

A title with so many varied meanings as to
render it virtually meaningless without further clarification. At Capital
University it designates a student who is the recipient of a particular
competitive scholarship. At some universities, it designates not an
officer of instruction but a faculty member who resides with and mentors
students (i.e., a fellow of a residential college). (Capital U.)

At the University of Iowa, it is a highly
distinguished designation conferred on at most five faculty members per year for
five-year renewable terms in recognition of records of sustained productivity
and distinction. The awards are based on exceptional teaching, scholarly
and creative work, and leadership in service to the University. Normally
faculty are eligible to be nominated after eight or more years of service at the
rank of professor, though a truly exceptional candidate may be nominated
earlier. (U. of Iowa)

The highest rank of Collegiate Faculty, which
also includes the ranks of Collegiate Instructor, Collegiate Assistant Professor
and Collegiate Associate Professor. (U. Md.)

Community College Professor

The tenured rank for community college faculty
in the Nevada Universities and Colleges System. (U. Nev.) Cf. Instructor.

Community
Teaching Fellow

Appointees
are employed to participate in community-based teaching fellow programs
involving initiatives designed to improve and enrich instruction and curricula
and to perform other duties as assigned in the public schools." (U. Cal.
Berkeley)

Concurrent
Appointment

1. A Joint
Appointment. "A concurrent faculty appointment is appropriate for staff or faculty who hold full-time positions elsewhere in the University. Appointment to a concurrent position requires the recommendation of both the appointing department and the department in which the faculty member holds a full-time position"
(Notre Dame)

2. An
academic appointment given to a profession who employed concurrently outside the
institution. "A concurrent appointment is an appointment granted to individuals qualified to provide professional service in a field recognized for academic rank by the
College ... Academic rank shall be assigned by the President when the appointee has not established rank by virtue of previously ranked service at the College."
(Northampton C.C.)

Conductor
in Residence

An
adjunct rank for faculty devoting substantial time to the direction of the
institution's musical performing ensembles. (Yale) A rare title at US
universities, but used, for example, at Colorado State, Oregon State and Yale.

Consecutive
Term Appointment

A
series of term appointments of potentially indefinite length. "Consecutive term appointments are regular appointments. All consecutive
term appointments are non-tenure track. Full-time faculty who hold a regular
faculty title of assistant professor or above and who are ineligible for tenure shall
be eligible for renewable consecutive term appointments with no restriction
place don the number of terms that may be served." (U. Okla.)

Constituent
Faculty

One
of the faculties that make up the General Faculty of an institution.
"A constituent faculty consists of those faculty members who comprise one of the divisions (Literature, Linguistics, Writing). The English Faculty and the Graduate Faculty are also constituent faculties."
(U. N. Tex.)

Consulting
(generally)

1. A
prefix denoting that the incumbent has principal employment or involvement
elsewhere but otherwise possesses the qualification for an academic
appointment. "Individuals holding these titles are qualified for the
various ranks, but their primary professional involvement is in business,
industry, or government (e.g. Geological Survey), and their primary involvement
continues during the Stanford appointment. Occasionally, these ranks are used
for individuals are self-employed or retired. Individuals holding
consulting appointments may give a single course each quarter, or they may give
a series of lectures within a course developed by a member of the faculty. They
may teach graduate seminars and direct graduate research, though they may not be
principal advisors on masters or doctoral theses." (Stanford) Sample
usage: "Consulting Associate Professor." Compensation is
normally by honorarium, though occasionally it may be through salary.
Generally used for
persons appointed to the faculty whose primary allegiance and responsibilities
are not directed to the University -- e.g., part-time persons who receive little
or no remuneration for consulting, teaching, participating in clinical rounds,
and assistance in research projects. (Duke)

2. "Adjunct faculty of exceptional distinction are designated by the term
'Consulting'." (LSU)

Consulting Associate

The
lowest rank of Consulting Faculty at Duke Medical School, the equivalent of
Consulting Instructor. (Duke)

Contingency Contract

A
contract whose renewal depends on the incumbent's obtaining a specific academic
degree. Most commonly used for faculty who begin their appointments prior
to completion of the formal requirements for a Ph.D. "Appointments to the faculty of the University of Delaware are made on the expectation that the candidate has completed a
terminal degree. In the case of appointment at the rank of Assistant Professor, a contingent contract may be written permitting initial appointment at the rank of Lecturer if it states clearly that all requirements for the terminal degree will be fulfilled prior to reappointment at the rank of Assistant Professor."
(U. Del.)

Continuing
Appointment

A
"continuing appointment" means that the person shall have an
expectation that the president will renew his or her appointment as an academic
professional for successive appointment periods, except when such a
recommendation is precluded by reason of retirement, resignation, release for
budgetary reasons or reorganization, or dismissal for just cause. (Ariz.
State U.) "A continuing appointment shall be an appointment to a position of academic
rank which shall not be affected by changes in such rank and shall continue until resignation, retirement, or
termination." (SUNY Albany) "A continuing-appointment position is one for which it is expected the College will have
a continuing need and to which it is possible for an individual to be
reappointed for as long as the need exists and performance warrants. The large majority of regular positions in the Department
of Physical Education are continuing-appointment positions." (Hamilton
Coll.) Cf. Continuous Appointment.

Continuing
Education Specialist

A
title series "for those appointees in University Extension who, as
professional adult educators, teachers, program planners, or producers of mass media
programs, represent the University in serving the public." (U. Cal.)

Continuing
Lecturer

A
synonym of Continuous Lecturer.

Continuing Part-Time
Faculty

"The
designation of “Continuing Part-time Faculty” is meant to confer an
employment preference over those part-time faculty who are not so designated. It
does not include tenure track status, the acquisition of tenure, or the
equivalent of tenure; it is meant to ensure an orderly and fair method of
evaluating sustained performance and to guarantee reasonable procedures for the
negotiation and formation of stable employment agreements." (U. of Tenn. at
Knoxville)

"Continuous appointments are regular appointments that begin at a specified date but have no specified date of termination."
(U Mo. Rolla) A
continuous appointment is one which will not be terminated by the except for
adequate cause or by retirement. (Emory) Cf. Continuing Appointment,
Limited Appointment.

Continuous Contract

Not
necessarily a contract for a Continuous Appointment. "Continuous
contract rights at Concordia University are given to ranked faculty members who
have attained tenure." (Concordia U.)

Continuous Lecturer

A
nontenured lecturer employed for a course or courses on an ongoing basis. The classification implies that the employing department intends to retain the lecturer continuously
from year to year. (Purdue) Also called Continuing Lecturer.
Cf. Limited-Term Lecturer.

Continuous Tenure (generally)

One of
a number of terms synonymous with Tenure. "A faculty member granted tenure
has a right to be reemployed for succeeding academic years until he or she
resigns, retires, is discharged for cause, or is terminated or laid off as a
result of a bona fide reduction in force for formal discontinuance of a program
or department of instruction." (Lewis & Clark Coll.) Also
Permanent Tenure.

Contract Faculty

Faculty
on Term Appointments; Limited-Term Faculty. "Contract Faculty are
hired for a specific term, are paid on an annual contract, and are considered
'salaried' employees. Contract faculty hold academic rank or title within
an academic department or program whose primary function is that of instruction,
and depending on the percent of time worked, are eligible for benefits."
(Weber State)

Contributed Service
Faculty

Another
name for Volunteer Faculty. "Contributed-Service Faculty are faculty
in the Schools of Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy and Allied Health
Professions, who instruct on a part-time basis in the professional programs
without compensation from the University, other than approved expense
reimbursement." (Creighton U.)

A title, apparently in
use only at institutions in Indiana, "awarded when a tenure-track faculty
position has been authorized and advertised, but the person selected lacks the
full array of credentials (e.g., the terminal degree) normally held by a
tenure-probationary faculty member within the academic unit. When the appointee
has obtained all of those credentials, the appointment will be converted to the
tenure-track position originally authorized. The initial letter of appointment
must specify the specific conditions of the conversion." (Indiana U.
S.E.) Cf. Lecturer Convertible.

2.
"Cooperating staff positions are positions created for persons who direct
or coordinate programs with which [the institution] is affiliated. These
positions exist for the purpose of coordinating these programs with the college
program. Appointments to these positions are extended to persons by virtue
of their positions in the affiliated programs. Persons who hold these
positions are not members of the teaching faculty." (Calvin Coll.)

"The
title of Cooperating Teacher is used for off-campus public school teachers who
supervise teachers in the teacher training program." (LSU) "A regular classroom teacher in a public school/agency assigned to the daily supervision of the teacher intern during a semester."
(U. Ala.) "Teachers who agree to work with, assist, and share certain of their instructional duties with student teachers and some interns.
Cooperating teachers assist in supervision and evaluation of student teachers but the main responsibility for these two tasks rests with University personnel."
(U. N.H.)

A
position reflecting an appointment arrangement between Cooperative Extension
Service (CES) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Cooperative
Extension organization of a Land Grant College or University. The
appointment is to a regular recurring position with at least a 50%
extension-related assignment under Cooperative Extension and have responsibility
for being an agent (representative) of the Federal system. Cooperative
Extension Educators must exhibit leadership ability and are recognized for their
contributions to the Cooperative Extension System and its clientele.(Wright State) The title is at the top end of a range that includes
Assistant Cooperative Extension Educator and Associate Cooperative Extension
Educator.

Cooperative
Extension Specialist

A
Cooperative Extension Series that also includes Assistant Cooperative Extension
Specialist and Associate Cooperative Extension Specialist. "The
Cooperative Extension Specialist title is used for appointees who are
campus-based and who have statewide responsibilities." (U. Cal.) Cf.
Cooperative Extension Advisor.

1.
Faculty who are generally employed elsewhere but lend their time and talents to
an academic institution, especially in Cooperative Extension programs, similar
in concept to Adjunct faculty but implying a connection between the institution
and the faculty member's employer, hence the word "cooperative."
Occasionally "Cooperative" is used as a rank prefix, as in Cooperative
Professor.

A
term used principally in the Universities of Georgia System to distinguish
faculty-like positions from administrative ones. "Full-time
professors, associate professors, assistant professors, instructors, lecturers,
and teaching personnel with such other titles as may be approved by the Board,
shall be the Corps of Instruction. Full-time research and extension personnel
and duly certified librarians will be included in the Corps of Instruction on
the basis of comparable training.

" The corps de ballet of
a university, as it were.

Coterminous
Appointment

A
faculty appointment in any rank or track while the incumbent holds
simultaneously an appointment at another affiliated institution. "A
coterminous appointment normally ends automatically upon termination of the
other institutional appointment, without any notice, grievance rights, or
similar provisions." (Yale)

Counseling
Faculty

The
corps of faculty engaged in counseling activities. "Counselors
and educators who specialize in students' personal and academic growth and
development. Counselors help students to integrate educational and career-life
goals by improving student ability at problem-solving, decision-making,
interpersonal skills, self-management, and self-expression. In addition,
counselors assist students to remove barriers that impede academic progress;
facilitate such activities and examining personal, educational, and social
values; establishing and working towards realistic career goals; and identify
appropriate resources to meet individual needs." (U. Hawaii Community
Colleges) "Persons who are employed in the student services units of
the community colleges of the University and Community College System of Nevada
and who provide professional counseling services closely and directly supportive
of teaching and student development." (U. of Nev. System)

Counselor

"A counselor is a faculty member trained in counseling to work with students individually and in groups. Counselors assist students with educational-occupational and personal-social decision making skills. Counselors also work with faculty and staff as consultants and trainers."
(St. Louis C.C.) A
psychological counselor who holds academic rank in the University Counseling
Center. (Ga. State)

County Extension Agent

An Extension
faculty rank whose responsibilities
include the development of long-range educational programs in the area of
responsibility of the Florida Cooperative Extension Service in concert with the
county in which the Agent is employed.(U.
Fl.) Also "County Agent."

1. A courtesy appointment is a non-voting, unpaid
designation given to a faculty member in one department (the "home"
department) who has substantial interaction with another department (the
"courtesy" department justifying the status of a faculty member
there. Courtesy appointees may teach courses and supervise graduate
students in the courtesy department. A title "for those who serve a particular academic unit without
remuneration but are otherwise employed by the University."(U. of Kansas) "Faculty members
appointed in a department of the University who engage in interdepartmental or
interdisciplinary activities may be offered a courtesy title in another
department. These faculty members support and contribute in a specified manner
to the teaching, research, extension, or service programs of the host department."
(U. Tenn.) See also "by
Courtesy." See Gratis Title.

2. "An academic appointment granted to a
person who has been requested by the faculty to participate in the academic or
research program of the college or University because of his unique
qualifications and capabilities. A courtesy appointment is a non-tenure
appointment and involves no remuneration." (U. N.D.) Sometimes
Professional Courtesy Appointment (Ohio U.)

Critic (generally)

A
title usually granted in Schools of Art and Schools of Architecture to "outstanding
scholars and other distinguished individuals who may or may not hold any rank
from another academic institution. Faculty members appointed within these ranks
are responsible for teaching and may be responsible for other duties, such as
participation in faculty meetings, juries, School committees, and student
advising." (Yale) [U.S.C.]See
also Design Critic, Senior Critic.

Cross
Appointment

A
Canadian term, used only occasionally in the US as a synonym of Joint
Appointment or as a term to distinguish certain appointments from Joint
Appointments. "Cross appointments designate faculty appointments to more than one department, school, or institution with financial support for the position from only one unit.
Cross appointments may be at different ranks reflecting different levels of competency and scholarly achievements in different
fields ... A cross appointment should indicate active and meaningful participation by a faculty member in more than one department, school, or institution."
At the same institution Joint Appointment means one in which financial support
is shared. (U. Texas San Antonio)

A
faculty member actively engaged in the affairs of a museum. (U. Cal.) "Collections
... are seen as an integral part of the academic mission of specific units on
the campus. Collections function in educational, research, and service roles at
the University. They provide materials considered integral to teaching and
research. Curators convey a knowledge of specific collections which is essential
to the processes by which these materials can be used. Curators sustain an
active interest in developments in their respective professional roles. They
participate in appropriate professional meetings and serve on University and
professional associations." (U. Mich.) "Curator" is a
concrete title at the high end of the Series, which also includes Assistant
Curator and Associate Curator. (U. Ark.)

Curators
Professor

The
highest Honorific rank in the University of Missouri System, and apparently used
nowhere else. The
term is unrelated to museum curatorship, but derives from the fact that the
Missouri governing body is not a Board of Regents or Trustees, but a
Board of Curators. Thus the title is analogous to Regents Professor.

De
Facto Tenure

Tenure
acquired not through normal selection and evaluation procedures but by virtue of
having held a Tenure Track position for a certain number of years. At most
institutions, a third appointment as Assistant Professor, a second appointment
as Associate Professor or any Tenure Track appointment that extends past a
seventh year automatically confers Tenure. The rationale for de facto
tenure is to prevent institutions from continuing to employ faculty in the Tenure
Track without granting them tenure but at the same time effectively preventing
them from earning Tenure elsewhere because it will be presumed that an incumbent
employed for so long without Tenure is not worthy of it. "A faculty
member who provided more than seven years of full-time service in faculty rank
on a temporary or probationary appointment must be awarded tenure by the
President. A faculty member who contends that he or she has served in an
academic rank for more than seven years may appeal through the normal
administrative chain for consideration of the claim. However, tenure gained this
way must be forfeited if it is established that the faculty member's not being
recommended for tenure consideration was a deliberate attempt on the part of the
faculty member and/or the department head to avoid the formal tenure process in
order to acquire de facto tenure." (Auburn) "Tenure ... is acquired de facto in the seventh year of a faculty member's full-time service in the tenure-accumulating ranks, unless the faculty member receives notice during the sixth year that the seventh year of employment will be "terminal."
Tenure de facto is automatic. It is conferred without a tenure review solely by reason of the faculty member's appointment."
(Northwestern)

De
Jure Faculty

Administrators
who by virtue of their high position, such as President and Provost, are granted
faculty status regardless of academic qualifications, usually at the rank of
Professor. (Our Lady of Holy Cross Coll.)

Defined
Term Appointment

"A defined term appointment shall be for a period of not more than five (5) years and normally not less than one (1) year; such an appointment carries no expectation of renewal beyond the term specified, but may be renewed
... Defined term appointments shall be used only for full-time coaches and athletic trainers."
(E. Ct. St. U.)

Definite
Tenure

The
characteristic of a Term Appointment, namely that it is an appointment Without Tenure
for a specific period of years. Cf.
Indefinite Tenure, which is definitely Tenure.

Demonstration
Teacher

In
the University of California System, a "teacher of broad and exceptional
success who is employed in University Elementary Laboratory Schools or in
cooperating schools to demonstrate good teaching procedures and practices to the
University student observers. (U. Cal.)

Demonstrator

An
old British title for a teacher of practical subjects, now employed in the US
primarily at North Carolina State University, where it is a General Faculty
position with laboratory responsibilities, and in the University of California
System, where it is a medical school position. (N.C. State, U. Cal.)

Deputy
University Librarian

An
administrative Librarian position carrying faculty rank
at most institutions. (Princeton)

A
nontenured position in departments of Design and Architecture. "The position of design critic is intended for individuals pursuing careers in professional practice or art who are appointed to provide studio instruction. The position is reserved for individuals who have proven their competence in their areas of specialty.
An individual holding this position is an officer of the university and a non-voting member of the faculty."
(Harvard) See also
Critic.

Designated
Professorship

An
academic appointment governed by conditions particular to that position, the
most common example being an Endowed appointment, in
which case the terms of the endowment, which may be at odds with normal
institutional policies, govern. (LSU)

Developmental Educator (generally)

A faculty members who possesses specialized skills in selected academic areas, but
who would not otherwise qualify for promotion or tenure. "Developmental
personnel, who teach subjects such as writing, reading, mathematics and study
skills, are critical to the teaching and learning process of the college.
Faculty with this status may receive up to six one-year term appointments and
in the seventh year may, after evaluation and approval of the president, the
dean of faculty and the applicable division chairperson, be given a two or
three-year, renewable, non-tenure notice contract."(Southwestern College KS)

Developmental Professorship

Essentially a fellowship that
permits young faculty a reduced teaching load to engage in research. "Available to junior faculty members, a developmental professorship provides support for the teaching and scholarly activities of the recipients."
(Col. School of Mines)

Diplomat-in-Residence

"This title is reserved for specially qualified individuals who participate in
instruction and research in the Department of Government and Foreign Affairs."
(U. Va.)

Distinguished Adjunct Professor

An adjunct faculty member with an
Honorific indicating distinguished service in the candidate's professional field or outstanding teaching performance.
(American U.)

Distinguished Agent

"Agents awarded the rank of Distinguished Agent must have
excelled in all areas for which they have been given responsibility. They must
demonstrate a record of outstanding accomplishments in program planning,
delivery and evaluation, spanning a number of years. They must be recognized for
their service to and leadership within their professional peer groups, the
Extension Service, and the communities within which they have lived and
worked." (U. Ark.) See County Extension Agent.

Distinguished Artist

A nontenured position used more
frequently for musicians than for artists. An instructional title "that may be conferred on a senior lecturer or senior artist who has demonstrated exceptional instructional accomplishment and recognition."
(U. Wash.) Sometimes seen in the form Distinguished Artist Professor.
(Bowling Green)

Distinguished Artist in Residence

A title generally reserved for
highly accomplished musical professionals, often soloists in renowned bands or
orchestras. (Centre College KY)

A non-tenured Special Faculty
position conferred on those who have made notable advances in their field of
research or have otherwise had careers of exceptional note. (Carnegie
Mellon) See also Distinguished
Professor.

Distinguished Curator

The title now used at the University of Florida
in place of Distinguished Research Curator, now obsolete. (U. Fl.)

Distinguished Endowed Chair

"A distinguished endowed chair signals the highest honor CSM can bestow upon a faculty member.
Funding from the endowment, in combination with funds from other sources, will be used to support the chair holder's compensation package and supply discretionary funds to support the teaching and scholarly
activities of the chair." (Col. School of Mines)

Distinguished Extension Specialist

"The Distinguished Extension Specialist is
the highest rank a specialist can attain ... Through their service to the people
of Arkansas, the University and their profession, specialists who attain the
distinguished rank must occupy positions of preeminence both within the state
and at the national level." (U. Ark.)

An
untenured research faculty position equivalent to Professor. (Rice)

Distinguished Lecturer

1. "Appointment as Distinguished Lecturer
... may be offered to persons with unique qualifications, not necessarily meeting
the requirements for appointment to professorial ranks, who are needed on a
part-time basis for specific academic programs." (Fordham) See Lecturer.
(U. Wisc.)

2. At the U. of South Carolina, "the term 'Distinguished
Lecturer' may be used only on rare occasions and must have prior approval,
through academic channels, of the President."

Distinguished Librarian

"Distinguished Librarian IV is an honorary rank awarded an outstanding tenured Librarian IV during the final five years of service before retirement. The Librarian IV so designated is to have had 25 years of library experience, of which 15 or more will normally have been at the College of
Charleston ... Upon retirement the title Distinguished Librarian shall change to Distinguished Librarian Emeritus."
(Coll. of Charleston)

Distinguished Presidential Professor

An exalted title so rare as to be virtually
non-existent, there appearing to be no more than five such incumbents in the US.
(Colby Coll., Emory, Mich. Tech., Wilberforce Univ.)

1. The title "distinguished professor" is bestowed on members of the
faculty who have distinguished themselves as exemplary teachers, scholars, and
public servants, and who are individuals having extraordinary international
importance and recognition. Administrative policy sets forth criteria and
guidelines for University-wide review of recommendations for distinguished
professorships submitted by the campuses.
(U. Colorado at Boulder) "An appointment recognizing international accomplishments and richly deserved prestige and honor."
(Univ. of Ala. Huntsville) "Distinguished Professor is a status beyond professor which recognizes extraordinary accomplishment."
(S.W. Mo. St.)The award of this title may
be granted to tenured faculty holding the rank of professor or its equivalent
to recognize a distinguished and exceptional record of achievement beyond the
level of professor that is recognized both nationally and internationally. An
exceptional record of achievement is one that places the candidate at the top
of the discipline in research, with
distinction in the areas of teaching and service as also defined in that rule.(U. Fl.)

2. "The title is equal to University Distinguished Professor and reflects both the distinction of the scholar and the contribution in his or her professional area in the University. Appointment as Distinguished Professor requires a majority recommendation by the tenured and tenure-track faculty of the sponsoring department and school (or, in the School of Medicine, the Executive Faculty) and the Dean of the sponsoring school."
(Vanderbilt)

3. A title awarded to members of the University
faculty in their final year of service at the University of South Carolina who
have earned the rank of tenured full professor.

An Honorific roughly equivalent to Distinguished
University Professor used at a very small number of US institutions, including
the Mount Sinai School of Medicine and Wheaton College. "The title of Distinguished Professor-at-Large is a designation given to a limited number of clearly superior faculty members of unusually broad interests and abilities who have attained the rank of Professor. They are normally assigned teaching responsibilities in several different departments, in interdisciplinary studies, and in research roles."
(Hope Coll.) See also University Distinguished Professor-at-Large.

Distinguished Professor
in Residence

An Honorific
granted to a member of the Residence Faculty. (U. of Ariz.)

Distinguished Professor of
Research

1. An Honorific
used at a small number of institutions. (Central Wash. U., Rensselaer, U. St.
Thomas, Wright State U.)

2. An annual
award for excellence in research at the University of Central Florida. (Univ.
Central Fla.)

Distinguished Research Curator

The rank of Distinguished Research Curator was used
at the University of Florida to
recognize outstanding accomplishments in research, service, and, where
applicable, teaching, in either the Florida Museum of Natural History or the
University Libraries. It is no longer awarded. "Those selected should have truly distinguished
themselves in teaching and/or service while at the University of Florida ...
they should have gained a reputation on this campus among undergraduate,
professional and/or graduate students and among the alumni for being a superior
and highly influential teacher ... their undergraduate and graduate programs
have turned out leaders in their field: their service on regular University and
ad hoc University committees has resulted in truly beneficial contributions to
the university: their service to the state and nation has brought distinction,
honor and fame to the university.” (U. Fl.)

Distinguished Research Professor

"The title of Distinguished Research
Professor will be awarded to those individuals who are academicians recognized
for creative and original contributions to knowledge and whose work promises to
continue to foster significant new creativity in the theoretical or applied
sectors of the discipline, affirmable by recognition as national and/or
international leaders in that discipline." (U. Ga.)"Distinguished Research Professor is a member of the faculty who has produced
a significant body of work in scholarship, research, or the creative arts which
brings distinction to the university and national or international recognition
to the faculty member." (Wright State) The purpose of this position
at the University of North Texas is "to provide recognition and salary support for outstanding faculty who obtain substantial external research funds."
(U. N. Tex.)

Distinguished Researcher

"A Distinguished Researcher performs at a level of proficiency typically requiring extensive experience and advanced knowledge and skills. The expertise of an academic staff member at this level is commonly recognized by his or her peers and through a reputation that extends beyond his or her work unit."
(U. Wisc.)

Distinguished Scientist

Appointments as Distinguished Scientists are
awarded to faculty who have “helped significantly to raise the research
profile of" the University of Tennessee at Knoxville. (U. Tenn. Knoxville)

Distinguished Scholar

Honorific for a nontenured senior appointment. (Okla.
St.) Often an annual award, sometimes carrying a cash bonus, rather than a
title.

Distinguished Service Assistant Professor

Normally the lowest rank of the Distinguished
Service Faculty. (Stevens Tech.)

Distinguished Service Faculty

1. Generally an Honorific designation for faculty
who have rendered exception service to their institution. "Designation
as a Distinguished Service Professor recognizes distinctive contributions and
outstanding service to the University community in support of its multi-faceted
teaching/research/service mission, as well as performance excellence in the
faculty member's department or school, and national stature in his or her
discipline or field." (U. Pitt.) See also
Distinguished Service Professor.

2. At some institutions, a designation for
"individuals of significant achievement, but not possessing the usual
academic credentials, in the arts and sciences, or the professions for which the
university prepares undergraduate and graduate students." (U. of St.
Thomas)

Distinguished Service Professor

An Honorific attached to the title of
Professor stressing the incumbent's contribution through service to the
institution more so than through outstanding research. Also, a particular
title in the Distinguished Service Faculty. Some institutions, notably
SUNY Stony Brook, do not regard the title as Honorific but consider a higher
rank than Professor, though this is a minority view. See, e.g.,
Distinguished Service Assistant Professor. Cf. Distinguished Professor."Designation as a Distinguished Service
Professor recognizes distinctive contributions and outstanding service to the
University community in support of its multi-faceted teaching/research/service
mission, as well as performance excellence in the faculty member's department or
school, and national stature in his or her discipline or field." (U. of
Pittsburgh)A "Distinguished Service Professor is a member of the faculty
who has provided that extra measure of service to the university and/or to the
greater community served by the university by academic or administrative
leadership, planning, innovation, development, or governance."(Wright State)"The
Distinguished Service Professorship is a rank above full professor. It is
expected that a person appointed to the rank shall be accorded such support as
is appropriate to his or her endeavors consistent with the resources of the
campus. Like other distinguished ranks, the Distinguished Service Professor
carries with it extraordinary responsibility. Those appointed are expected to
function as role models and devote appropriate service to University-wide
activities, both ceremonial and professional, on campuses other than their own
when requested to do so by the chancellor." (SUNY Stony Brook)

Distinguished Senior Research Scientist

The highest rank in the Primary
Research Scientist Track at the University of Michigan, attained by award only. (U. Mich.)

Distinguished Teaching Professor

1. A "member of the faculty
who has consistently demonstrated outstanding skill as a teacher and advisor, as
evidenced by student and peer evaluations, course development and improvement,
textbooks written or other publications relating to teaching, or
leadership."(Wright State)
"The title of Distinguished Teaching Professor shall be conferred upon
select members of the faculty already holding the rank of Professor whose
extraordinary achievements as effective teachers in their discipline or in
interdisciplinary fields deserve special recognition." (Bowling Green) "Members of the U. T. Austin Academy of Distinguished
Teachers or a similar approved academy may use the honorific title
Distinguished Teaching Professor to recognize faculty members who have made
significant contributions to education." (U. Texas Austin)

2. A "rank above that of
full professor, [that] only can be conferred by the State University of New York
Board of Trustees. It is expected that individuals appointed to this rank
will be accorded such support as is appropriate to his or her endeavors
consistent with the resources of the campus." (SUNY Potsdam)

Distinguished Teaching Scholar

A Chair established at Kansas State
University in 1994 "to reward and encourage excellence in undergraduate teaching."
(Kansas St. U.) Sometimes University Distinguished Teaching Scholar.

Distinguished Trustee Professor

An Honorific conferred by only a
handful of US institutions, including Indiana State, Ohio State and the
University of Pennsylvania,

Distinguished University Professor

An Honorific indistinguishable from University Distinguished Professor.
"The title, Distinguished University Professor, will be
conferred by the President upon a limited number of members of the faculty of
the University of Maryland at College Park in recognition of distinguished
achievement in teaching; research or creative activities; and service to the
University, the profession and the community. College Park faculty who, at the
time of approval of this title, carry the title of Distinguished Professor,
will be permitted to retain their present title or to change to the title of
Distinguished University Professor. Designation as Distinguished University
Professor shall include an annual allocation of funds to support his or her
professional activities, to be expended in accordance with applicable
University policies."(U. Md.)

Distinguished University Scholar

At the University of Louisville, an Honorific
for senior faculty. "A candidate for Distinguished University Scholar, in
addition to having credentials equivalent to that of a University Scholar, will
have wide recognition by peers for creative contribution to their field. This
will be evidenced by wide-spread citation of published works, invitations to
present papers at major universities and before national and international
meetings, service on extramural peer-review panels, editorial boards, election
to office or other service in professional societies, or having received
professional honors. A Distinguished University Scholar typically would be
eligible for appointment to the University at the rank of Professor."
(U. Louisville)

Distinguished Visiting Professor

A title much more easily conferred than
Distinguished Professor, since the incumbent is only Visiting and will not
retain the title on return to his Home Institution. Often used as
inducement to a faculty member to spend an extended period of time at another
institution. (U. Alaska) "This is a special appointment designed for
academic persons of particularly outstanding service elsewhere." (W. Ky.
U.)

Distinguished Visiting Scholar

"Upon the recommendation of a
department or school, a noted authority may be granted the honorary rank of
Visiting Scholar for up to one year. The Visiting Scholar shall not have any
official responsibilities but shall receive (a) an office, desk, and
appertaining accouterments, (b) library privileges, (c) suitable social
amenities, (d) scholarly and technical assistance when possible, and (e) the
usual faculty parking privileges." (San Diego St.) "The term
distinguished visiting scholar may only be used when the appropriate college
dean has received approval from the Provost after submitting a request that
describes the person's qualifications and contributions that warrant the
title." (San Jose St. U.) North Carolina State University adopted the
title 1990 for members of the national academies or organizations of similar
distinction after their retirement at other institutions. (N.C. St. U.)

1. A foreign Honorific conferred in the US by
Johns Hopkins as a Courtesy on rare occasions. "Appointments ... in
the case of more senior affiliations, as Doctor of the University, may be
offered to people with appropriate qualifications, with whom a department wishes
to maintain scholarly contact by way of participation in colloquia, research
discussions etc. No stipend or honorarium is associated with these appointments." (Johns Hopkins)

2. A foreign honorary degree, especially in
Australia.

Doctoral Faculty

The members of the faculty who teach in doctoral programs.
Theoretically distinct from the Graduate Faculty since not all graduate work is
doctoral. (CUNY) "Doctoral Faculty members in the Department are defined as those
Graduate Faculty members certified by members of the Department and the Graduate School to direct doctoral dissertations."
(U. Mo. Columbia)

1. Generally a synonym for Joint Appointment, although
variations exist. "A dual appointment is
a concurrent appointment in two different schools, and/or departments. (San Jose
St. U.) At Fordham, the term means appointment as both an administrator
and as a Faculty Member. (Fordham) Sometimes, as at the University of
Michigan, it means simultaneous appointment in more than one Track. (U. Mich.)

2. Also used, curiously, to mean an appointment in two or more
departments, but in the same college. At institutions using the Dual
modifier, a Joint Appointment usually refers to appointments in units of different
colleges. (Med. Univ. So. Carolina)

Educator Faculty

An instructional member of the University
Faculty but not of the Regular Faculty.
This is a slightly different concept from Instructional Faculty, which usually
includes Regular Faculty. "The Educator Faculty shall consist of
i) Instructors and ii) those faculty with professorial titles engaged primarily in professional practice and in teaching associated with that practice, such as licensed health practitioners with terminal doctoral degrees and physicians who are in the clinical departments of the School of Medicine or nurses in the clinical programs of the School of Nursing."
(U. Miami)

Election

The process at the University of
Virginia whereby an individual is chosen by the Board of Visitors, the
University's governing body, to become a faculty member. In contrast
to Appointment.

Emergency Appointment

An "interim appointment of
limited duration until the position incumbent returns or a search is completed
for a permanent replacement. Usually such appointments are made without a
search." (Minn. St. U. Mankato) "The death of an officer, a late resignation, a late request for leave, or a failed search may produce a vacancy that must be filled on short notice. Similarly, unpredicted increases in enrollment may force a department or school to appoint additional full-time faculty at the start of a term. In these situations, a department or school may ask for permission to make an
'emergency' appointment. Such an appointment is an interim one and cannot be renewed without a complete search in accordance with the unit's standard procedures."
(Columbia) Sometimes Emergency Temporary Appointment. (U. N. Iowa)

Emerita, Emeritus

"The word emerita or emeritus
after the academic title Professor or Associate Professor shall designate a
faculty member who has retired from full-time employment in the University of
Maryland at College Park at the academic rank of Professor, Research Professor,
Associate Professor, or Research Associate Professor after meritorious service
to the University in the areas of teaching, research, or service." (U. Md.)
"Upon retirement, any administrative officer or any
professional member of the faculty, in accordance with normal faculty review
procedures and by approval of the Board of Regents, may be allowed to retain
his/her title with the description 'emeritus'." (U. Colorado at
Boulder) Proper respect for Latin declension also dictates occasional use of the forms
Emeriti and Emeritae. At most institutions, retiring faculty are not automatically entitled to
the emeritus designation and usually enjoy fewer privileges than Emeritus
Faculty. This rule is not universal: "Every tenured member of the faculty shall be designated professor emeritus at the time of retirement."
(Pacific Lutheran U.)

Emeritus Assistant Professor

A moderately unusual title, as
most institutions only confer Emeritus status on faculty at the rank of
Associate Professor and above. (U. Ark.)

Emeritus Faculty

The set of living faculty members of an
institution who hold emeritus status. "The titles Professor Emeritus
or Associate Professor Emeritus confer lifetime academic appointments and may
only be conferred upon faculty members who held the rank of professor or,
respectively, associate professor during their period of active service at [the
institution]. Recommendations for conferring these titles shall be based
upon individual distinction and quality of contribution and service to The
University." (U. Texas Austin) "Criteria for emeritus status may include, but are not limited to, length of service to the institution, significant contributions to the institution and the State of North Dakota, or particularly distinguished service to an academic discipline. There shall be no salary, rights, or responsibilities that shall accrue to the holder of emeritus status."
(N.D. St. U.) Cf. Retired Faculty.

Emeritus in Service

At Northwestern, the status
of a member of the Emeritus Faculty who continues to teach at the institution.
(Northwestern) See in Service.

Emeritus Professor

Normally the title for a Full Professor who is
granted Emeritus status. However, at some institutions all Emeritus
Faculty have the title Emeritus Professor regardless of rank at the time of
retirement. "When an individual holding the rank of assistant, associate,
or full professor retires, he or she will be eligible for consideration for the
title 'emeritus professor'." (U. Rochester)

Eminent Scholar

The
criteria for appointment to the tenure-eligible rank of Eminent Scholar in the
endowed chair program shall be developed by the dean of the recipient's college
in consultation with faculty members. Such criteria shall include, but not be
limited to, an outstanding professional reputation and outstanding contribution
of scholarly activities. Eminent Scholar shall not be considered a promotional
rank. (U. Fl.) The appointee is recognized as a foremost scholar in the
appointee's area of expertise.

An adjective describing a Chair or Professorship,
namely that its cost of maintenance is borne by an endowment fund, theoretically
rendering the position immune from budget cuts or altered priorities. Sometimes Chaired.
"Endowed positions may not be held after retirement. However, units may recommend, through regular reporting channels to the Provost, that individuals be awarded the honorific title of
'Name of Appointment Emeritus,' for example 'Mary L. Francis Chair in Computer Science
Emeritus'." (U. Ill.)

Endowed Chair

1. A Chair whose expenses, including the salary of
the incumbent, are paid out of designated funds, often obtained through
charitable donation. Some institutions draw a distinction between an
Endowed Chair and Endowed Professorship. (Citadel) "An endowed chair or professorship is a faculty position, with or without staff or administrative assistance, supported by income from an endowed fund established as a gift or gifts from private sources. The university may create endowed chairs or professorships to recognize the interests and contributions of benefactors and/or to honor particularly distinguished members of the faculty."
(Cal. St. Fresno) The amount of funding required to
establish an endowed chair varies widely by institution and by discipline.
The University of West Virginia is satisfied with $1 million; the University of
South Florida requires $4 million. Endowed chairs
are extremely old. The first, in Divinity, was reportedly donated to
Oxford University in 1497 by Lady Margaret, the mother of Henry VII. The
earliest US endowed chair was established at Harvard in 1721, also in Divinity.

2. An academic title denoting the incumbent of a
Chair that is Endowed. "The title of Endowed Chair or Distinguished Professor shall be accorded to a
distinguished scholar whose position is supported in whole or in part by endowment funds. These academic
faculty may be ranked or titled, depending upon their teaching responsibilities and qualifications."
(Wartburg Coll.) "Designation as an Endowed Chair recognizes eminence
in a field of study that reflects outstanding contributions to a discipline.
National and, where appropriate, international recognition in a field is
expected." (U. Pitt.)

Endowed Faculty Scholar

"Endowed Faculty Scholar means a position in an academic unit at the University of South Florida that is funded at a level of at least $150,000 and held by a ranked faculty member."
(U. So. Fl.)

Endowed Professor

The holder of an Endowed Chair. A slight
abuse of terminology, since it is not the professor who is endowed, but the
Professorship. "The title of 'Endowed Chair' or 'Endowed Professor'
may be given to a distinguished scholar whose position is supported by endowment
funds." (Nicholls St. U.)

Endowed Professorship

Often a synonym for Endowed Chair,
but at some institutions an Endowed Professorship is one that is not fully
supported by endowment funds and is therefore distinct from an Endowed Chair.
(Seattle Pacific U.)

Erroneous Term Appointment

An appointment that inadvertently
extends past the time at which tenure would be conferred automatically. "Since the granting of tenure should be a deliberate act after considered evaluation of the appointee's past performance and potential performance in the long-range future, a good faith term appointment beyond the maximum permissible period on term appointments
... shall not confer tenure by default nor be considered a terminal appointment.
Immediately upon the discovery of such an error the appointee or administrative officer shall notify the appointing authority and request that a determination be made as to the proper appointment."
(U. Mo. Rolla)

Ex-Officio

Denoting that the Incumbent is a faculty member by virtue of the
office held, rather than by earned distinction. For example, at most
institutions college deans are members of the faculty ex-officio even if they do
not hold separate academic appointments. (Texas Tech.) It is common for
administrative officers, including Registrars, to hold Ex-Officio faculty rank.
(Clayton)

Exceptional Appointment

An appointment whose incumbent does
not fulfill the formal requirements of the position or one for which required
procedures, such as a formal search, are not carried out. "In the
case of faculty without the earned doctorate or appropriate terminal degree,
educational requirements may be met by equivalencies appropriate to the
discipline; however, appointment at or promotion to a rank above that for which
individuals are educationally qualified should be limited to exceptional
circumstances. 'Equivalency' or 'exceptional' appointments or promotions
should be carefully deliberated by appropriate reviewing bodies at the
department, college and institutional levels." (N. Ill. U.)

Exchange

A prefix denoting one of a pair of
faculty members who are temporarily but simultaneously serving at each other's
institution. Example of use: Exchange Associate Professor."
(Glassboro St. Coll.) "The President is authorized to negotiate
exchange professorship agreements with other accredited institutions for the
purpose of enhancing mutual staff/faculty professional development." (U.
Guam) See also Visiting Exchange Professor.

Executive Faculty

1. Generally members of the
Administrative Faculty who participate in institutional policy-making. "The Executive Faculty, with the Dean as Chairperson, will: review all major policy and administrative issues proposed for the School of Medicine before presentation to the Board of Trustees; receive and act upon reports from the Faculty and Student Councils; appoint members to the Faculty Appointments and Promotions Committee; and review and either approve or disapprove all recommendations of the Appointments and Promotions
Committee ... The Executive Faculty will be composed of the Dean, thirteen Department Chairpersons and Center Directors and twelve non-chairperson faculty."
(Mt. Sinai Sch. Med.) "Executive faculty, which
consists of the Chancellor, the Secretary of the Board of Regents, the
Vice-Chancellors and the General Counsel of the University and Community College
System of Nevada and the Presidents and Vice-Presidents of the member
institutions of the University and Community College System of Nevada." (U.
of Nev. System)

3. At Georgetown University, a
representative body equivalent to a faculty senate. (Georgetown)

Executive Fellow

"Individuals who have outstanding careers
... and who have the ability to make valuable contributions in an academic environment, are eligible to serve as executive fellows in a research unit
... Candidates should have leadership and executive experience in private business enterprises, non-profit organizations, or in government agencies."
(Harvard)

Executive in Residence

An executive from the private sector who
has been hired to teach on a year to year basis. (U. Ark.) "The title
Executive-In-Residence shall apply to faculty who have significant business
experience, but do not quality for professorial rank. This shall not be a
tenure-track position." (Rollins Coll.)

Extended-Term Appointment

"Academic
professionals who have successfully completed probationary terms (usually six
years) may receive six-year appointments called extended-term appointments. The
term also applies to certain librarians and archivists who hold faculty status.These employees are eligible for extended-term appointments after
five-year probationary periods. Extended terms for these employees are five
years in length. Academic professionals, librarians, and archivists who are in
the probationary period are on the extended-term-track." (U. Wyo.)

Extension education refers to educational efforts
that transcend the boundaries of traditional campus programs, including outreach
programs, adult education, satellite campuses and correspondence
education. The Extension Series is {Extension Assistant, Extension
Associate, Extension Instructor, Assistant Extension Professor,
Associate Extension Professor, Extension Professor} These non-tenure track titles are used
at institutions having a major outreach component. In addition to the
service emphasis, extension faculty are responsible for teaching credit and
non-credit courses throughout the institution. (U. Conn.)

Extension Agent

"The Extension Agent's primary purpose is to
provide educational programs for clientele to help them solve their own problems
and improve the quality of their lives. He/she develops extension programs that
address priority needs and conducts training, problem-solving research, and
other educational methods throughout the assigned county(ies)." (U. Ariz.)

Extension Assistant

"The title of [ Extension] Assistant may be given to an individual engaged in assisting in
[extension] projects or assisting in instruction funded by either local or external
sources ... An assistant does not hold faculty status." (U. Guam)

Extension Associate

A holder of a doctorate who can carry out individual
instruction or collaborate in group discussions at an advanced level, is trained in extension procedures,
and having the experience and
specialized training necessary to develop and interpret data required for
success in extension projects.(U.
Md.) "A faculty position occupied by a degreed or non-degreed professional
who provides necessary support for the delivery of Extension programs." (U.
Ark.) See also Extension.

The primary function of
this academic professional is to provide non-credit education to off-campus
clientele through the institution's Cooperative Extension Service. The
Series is {Assistant University Extension Educator, Associate University
Extension Educator, Senior University Extension Educator}. (U. Wyo.)
"Extension Educators have as their primary responsibility the assessment,
development, and implementation of continuing non-formal educational programs
for the people of New Hampshire. They hold appointments in one of a series of
Extension Educator ranks ... parallel with the faculty ranking system.
Cooperative Extension staff working on a temporary basis will be given the
Extension Lecturer rank." (U. N.H.)

Extension Faculty

"Faculty assigned to extension, continuing education or public service."
(Wash. St. U.) Also Off-Campus Faculty.

In the State University System of Florida, a
scientist working in an Extension program, usually
agricultural in nature. The highest rank in the sequence Assistant
Extension Scientist, Associate Extension Scientist, Extension Scientist
sequence.

Extension Specialist

"The Extension specialist is a member of the faculty of North Carolina State University. He/she provides educational leadership for a statewide program in a subject-matter field, consistent with the philosophy, policy and overall educational objectives of the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service. The specialist provides training and education support materials for field faculty and staff and their clientele in assigned subject matter or issue areas. The specialist works both individually and as part of teams to plan, implement and evaluate Extension programs relating to the area of specialization. Depending on the specific assignment, a specialist may or may not hold an academic, tenure track appointment."
(From The Role of North Carolina Extension Specialists -- A study conducted by the North Carolina Association of Cooperative Extension Specialists
(1999), Stephen Lilley, Study Team Chair)

Extern

A full-time "faculty member who is loaned for a predetermined period of time to a participating business, industry, educational institution, or service agency. During this externship period, the faculty member must be actively engaged in
'hand-on' work experience which is typical of participating agency and is relevant to the faculty members’ teaching assignments."
(Houston C.C. System)

Extra-Collegiate Instructor

At Virginia Tech, the lowest Tenure-Track rank. (At that
institution the position of
Instructor is not in the Tenure Track.) "The rank of extra-collegiate
instructor is the usual rank of initial appointment for library faculty on the
continued appointment track, or for extra-collegiate extension or public service
faculty whose positions have been designated for continued appointment track and
who have not completed the terminal degree." (Va. Tech.)

Extraordinary Faculty

A synonym for Unranked Faculty. (Troy St. U.)

Faculty

1. "An academic appointee in a School, College,
Division, Department, or Program of instruction and research who holds an
academic instructional appointment that provides for independent responsibility
for conducting approved regular University courses for campus credit." (U.
Cal. San Diego) Faculty are distinguished from other academic staff who
may or may not have teaching responsibilities. Properly, Faculty Member.

2. A group of people responsible for conducting
the academic programs of an institution. It can be important for legal
reasons to be specific in stating exactly what the faculty consists of: "The term "faculty" shall be limited to regular, full-time personnel at institutions and area vocational-technical schools whose regular assignments include instruction, research, and/or public service as a principal activity, and who hold academic rank as professor, associate professor, assistant professor or instructor at the institutions, and as senior vocational teacher, intermediate vocational teacher, vocational teacher, and instructor at the area schools."
(Tenn. Tech.)At many institutions it appears to be virtually a
matter of life and death to define precisely who is a member of the faculty for
such purposes as voting, benefits, membership in the faculty governing body and,
most important of all, allocation of parking spaces. Thus we may read
without much surprise the lament of Daniel Kahneman, the Princeton professor who, upon winning the Nobel Prize in
2002, made it known publicly that he was disappointed not to have the honor that
Berkeley bestows on its laureates, a reserved
parking place. After this public complaint the situation was promptly remedied.

Faculty Assistant

"A graduate student who holds an academic
appointment, and who performs non-teaching services in an instructional program,
where the services are equivalent in importance to those performed by Associate
Instructors." (Ind. U.)

development of disciplinary
teaching techniques as an accompaniment to

instructional responsibilities.
This title series is primarily for persons who have

an undergraduate degree in the
disciplinary area of instruction or persons who

possesses an advanced degree and hold less than a 50%
appointment and/or are appointed with no expectation of renewal. (U. Wisc.)In the University of Texas System, Faculty
Associates perform research and non-teaching activities.The Series also includes Assistant
Faculty Associate, Associate Faculty Associate and Distinguished Faculty
Associate. See also Faculty Associate Appointment.

Faculty Associate Appointment

"Faculty associate appointments make provision for the appointment to the faculty of qualified practitioners in a given field for longer periods of time than term appointments allow. These appointments shall be given only to those persons whose academic background and professional activity are not of the kind which would lead to the kind of scholarly activity which the university ordinarily requires of its faculty, and whose intended service to the university is primarily as teachers of a field in which their practical experience contributes significantly to the university academic endeavors."
(Seton Hall U.)

Faculty Consultant

"The title Faculty Consultant is applied only to a faculty member
who ... acts occasionally as a professional consultant in connection with a
research project under the auspices of the University, and in which such a
member is not otherwise regularly engaged." (U. Cal.)

Faculty Extension Assistant

The appointee shall be capable of assisting in extension
under the direction of the head of an extension project and shall have ability
and training adequate for the carrying out of the particular methodology
required, the assembling of data, and the use and care of any specialized
apparatus. A baccalaureate degree is the minimum requirement.(U. Md.)

Faculty Extension Associate

The appointee shall be capable of carrying out
individual instruction or collaborating at the advanced level and should be
trained in Extension procedures group discussions, ability
and training adequate for the carrying out of the particular methodology
required, the assembling of data, and the use and care of any specialized
apparatus. An earned doctorate is the minimum requirement.(U. Md.)

A faculty member or scholar from another
institution who wishes to have a short-term affiliation for the purpose of doing
research or participating in other scholarly, creative or professional
activities.These individuals
normally receive no compensation but may participate in campus activities that
are of mutual benefit to the individual and the host institution.
(American U.) "The titles Faculty Fellow and Senior Faculty Fellow designate faculty members whose primary appointments are in one department/school of the University and who are actively engaged in research funded by grants that come through other programs, e.g., the Vanderbilt Institute for Public Policy Studies, or who are teaching courses as a part of these programs. Ordinarily, the title Faculty Fellow designates non-tenured participants in such programs, while Senior
[Faculty] Fellow identifies tenured participants." (Vanderbilt)

2. A Faculty Fellow is faculty member who is temporarily
appointed to an administrative office, or assigned special tasks on behalf of
the institution. (U. N.H.)

Faculty Fellow Researcher

A postdoctoral fellow who is receiving mentored training and experience in the conduct of
research. (U. Cal.)

Faculty-in-Residence

"The designation Faculty-in-Residence may be given to certain specialized personnel, e.g. artist, faculty, scientist, or scholar, appointed on a part-time or full- time basis with a term contract for a term or an academic year. Such appointments carry no intention of renewal."
(Capital U.) Cf. In
Residence.

Faculty Member

A deceptively simple term that causes
educated people to come to blows. Formally the definition is simple: a
person who belongs to the Faculty. A "member of the academic
profession (including professional librarians) who, except where otherwise
specified, holds a full-time appointment with academic rank, and whose
responsibilities primarily include instruction, scholarly activity, and/or
public and professional service." (Tenn. Tech.) In practice, because of an explosion in
titles, many of which are created ad hoc to solve particular sort-term personnel
problems, it is often unclear
even from an institution's bylaws whether a given employee is a member of
the faculty, staff, administration, or some combination thereof. The
question is of importance because faculty members are eligible for membership in
the faculty's representative body (usually the Faculty Senate) and possess
certain benefits and voting rights. The situation is particularly murky at
institutions conferring titles that appear to indicate membership in the
Faculty, such as "Special Faculty," but in fact denote staff
positions. Cf. Member of the Faculty.

There are many ways of dividing the
faculty into subgroups. At the University of Mississippi, "Faculty
members are divided into four categories: regular faculty, support faculty,
research faculty, and emeritus faculty." (U. Miss.)

Faculty Member without Rank

A designation for Unranked Faculty, especially Librarians.
(Colby Coll.) See also Faculty without Rank.

Faculty Professor

A rare Honorific. "Faculty Professor is an in-house title given
to individual faculty members in recognition of their broad-based
qualifications, which are recognized in a number of different departments and/or
programs within a school or faculty. The statements of recommendation and
advisory votes should reflect general faculty-wide acceptance of the action. The
specific duties and privileges of a Faculty Professor are to be decided on an
individual basis." (SUNY Buffalo)

Faculty Research Assistant

At its heart, precisely what the title
implies: one who assists a Faculty Member in research. "The appointee shall be capable of assisting in research
under the direction of the head of a research project and shall have ability
and training adequate to the carrying out of the particular techniques
required, the assembling of data, and the use and care of any specialized
apparatus. A baccalaureate degree shall be the minimum requirement."(U. Md.) However, a Faculty Research
Assistant is often not a member of the Faculty despite the appearance of the
word in the title.

Faculty Research Lecturer

Not a faculty position (as it might
appear), but an honor awarded annually to a faculty member who has made a distinguished record in
research, creating the obligation to deliver a public lecture upon a topic of his selection. (U.
Ca.)

Faculty Senate

At most institutions a deliberative
representative elected body of the Faculty whose principal activity is
deliberation since in many instances actions of the Faculty Senate are advisory
only, representing the "sense" of the Faculty that administrators may
take into consideration. Membership in the Faculty Senate is usually
extended only to precisely defined subcategories of the Faculty. For
example, it is typical not to include Adjunct or Visiting Faculty in the Faculty
Senate.

Faculty Specialist

1. At most institutions, an informal
designation for a faculty member exercising special expertise for a
limited purpose. "The faculty specialist for the reading specialist program shall possess an earned doctorate in reading or shall have a minimum of 30 semester (45 quarter) hours of post-baccalaureate, graduate-level coursework in reading. In addition, the faculty specialist shall be currently involved in conducting research related to learning to read and the teaching of reading; shall have participated or shall be participating in the Alabama Reading Initiative as a trainer or as a P-12 school partner; shall be a full-time employee of the institution; shall teach courses required in the program; and shall advise students seeking certification through program completion."
(Ala. St. U.)

2. At a small number of institutions,
a formal title: "[P]ersons appointed as one of five categories of specialized faculty: (1) lecturer, (2) clinical specialist, (3) professional specialist, (4) aviation specialist, and (5) language specialist."
(W. Mich. U.) See also Master Faculty Specialist.

Faculty With Rank

Tenure-Track Faculty. (W. Wash. U.)

Faculty Without Rank

Non-Tenure-Track Faculty (W. Wash. U.)

FC

Abbreviation for Federal Cooperator.

Federal Cooperator

"Faculty members who are federal employees, who are paid by agencies of the federal government, whose function at the university is equivalent to
Core Faculty, and who serve as faculty under cooperative agreements between the University and the federal government (e.g., U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service) are appointed to one of the following ranks: Instructor (FC), Assistant Professor (FC), Associate Professor (FC), or Professor (FC)."
(Utah St. U.)

Federal Research Rank

"Faculty members who are federal employees, who are paid by agencies of the federal government, whose primary function at the University is research, and who serve as faculty under agreements between the University and the federal government (e.g., U. S. Department of Agriculture) are appointed to one of the following ranks: Assistant Professor (FR), Associate Professor (FR), or Professor (FR)."
(Utah St. U.)

Fellow (generally)

1. A borrowing from England, where members of
learned societies, such as the Royal Society, were known as Fellows. Some
such institutions drew a distinction between "members" and
"Fellows," a higher rank of membership. Thus Fellow usually
connotes elevated status. (But see Senior Fellow for a
counterexample.) In current US usage, Fellow means primarily someone
connected with an associated research institution, which may be located on a
university campus and may draw participants from the university Faculty.
See also Center Fellow, Chancellor's Fellow, Collegiate Fellow, Distinguished
Faculty Fellow, Executive Fellow, Faculty Fellow, Fellow-by-Courtesy, Industrial
Fellow, Institute Fellow, Lecturing Fellow, Principal Research Fellow, Senior
Faculty Fellow, Senior Fellow, Senior Institute Fellow, Senior Lecturing Fellow,
Senior Visiting Fellow, Special Visiting Fellow, University Fellow, Visiting
Fellow.

2. "This title is appropriate for
registered graduate students engaged in research or scholarly activities
sponsored by funds provided as gifts. When activities of this type are conducted
at UI by a person already holding the doctoral degree, the appropriate title is
Postdoctoral Fellow." Fellows are not members of the faculty."
(U. Idaho) See also Assistant Research Fellow, Associate Research Fellow,
Clinical Fellow, Community Teaching Fellow, Faculty Fellow Researcher, Graduate
Fellow, Research Fellow, Senior Research Fellow, Teaching Fellow, Visiting
Predoctoral Fellow.

Fellow-by-Courtesy

"Appointments as
Fellow-by-Courtesy ... may be offered to people with appropriate qualifications,
with whom a department wishes to maintain scholarly contact by way of
participation in colloquia, research discussions etc. No stipend or
honorarium is associated with these appointments." (Johns Hopkins)

A prefix describing a person
"whose primary assignment or contribution is in supervising student
field-work, who is geographically removed from the University, and who does not
undertake class responsibilities." (U. of Pittsburgh)

In
the University of California System, a "member of the faculty in the School
of Social Welfare ... [whose] principal duties consist of: advising and
counseling graduate professional students about their programs, consulting with
Field Work Supervisors about the student's field work experience, and help
determine the field work grade; consulting with social welfare agencies about
arrangements for the field work course." (U. Cal.)

Final
Appointment

A
Terminal Appointment. (E. Ct. St. U.)

Fine
arts specialist

An
Academic Professional who "works in partnership with artists and designers to bring their
projects to fruition."(Ariz. State U.)

Fixed-Term
Appointment

A
Fixed-Term Appointment is one which is expected to expire at the end of a specified period.
(U. Alaska) See
Limited-Term Appointment.

Fixed-Term
Faculty

All
"persons holding the rank of professor, associate professor, assistant professor, or instructor, but not appointed under the rules of tenure."
(Mich. St. U.)

Founders
Professor

An
Honorific title conferred at a small number of institutions, e.g. the University
of Texas at Dallas, Utah Valley State College, Virginia Commonwealth
University. Equivalent to Distinguished Professor.

A
full member of the Graduate faculty. "Persons
promoted to or appointed as Associate for Full Professor who hold the
appropriate terminal degree for the discipline in which they are employed.
Full
members may teach graduate courses; direct theses and dissertations [the
director of a doctoral dissertation or essay must hold a doctorate]; participate
on thesis, dissertation, and examining committees." (U. Miss.) "Only full graduate faculty members may chair doctoral committees."
(U. Memphis) See
Graduate Faculty. Cf. Associate Graduate Faculty.

Full
Member

The
highest rank of graduate school faculty at certain institutions, often
abbreviated as Member. (LSU)

Full Professor

In the US, rarely a formal title but an informal term used to
distinguish the literal rank of Professor from the lower ranks of Associate
Professor and Assistant Professor, all of whom are generically referred to as
"Professor." The situation is analogous to that of "Full
Colonel" in the Army, which has no such rank, the term being used to
distinguish Colonel from Lieutenant Colonel, both of whom are informally called
"Colonel." Full Professor is commonly seen in job postings (and
resumes) to make it clear that the incumbent has attained high rank, but the applicant
will not actually be able to use Full Professor as part of the title. Hence
"Full Professor of Anthropology" is neither an Official Title nor a
Working Title, but is used simply to clarify that "Professor" means
the rank, not the generic designation.

Full-Time Affiliate

A suffix designating a medical professional
employed by an affiliated hospital but having full-time academic
responsibilities. Sample usage: "Assistant Professor, Full-Time
Affiliate." (LSU)

Full-Time Faculty

1. A deceptive term that is not always what it
seems. At the same institution there may be different definitions for
different purposes, e.g. determining who has a vote in the faculty senate or who
is entitled to a sabbatical benefit. Full-Time Faculty "includes (1) faculty fully
engaged in teaching university classes, (2) fully employed faculty whose
instructional loads are reduced for research or other non-administrative
assignments, and (3) fully employed administrative officers in academic units
who hold faculty rank." (U. Miss.) However, this definition is by no
means standard. "The definition of 'full-time faculty' is open to
interpretation, and it would be inordinately complicated to determine exactly
what constitutes full-time teaching hours." (Ga. So. U.) "The
Commission on Higher Education has changed the definition of Full-Time Faculty
to anyone hired primarily to teach who teaches at least one course."
(Citadel) "Full-time faculty or full-time teaching is defined as those in full-time employment
by a college, university, institution or organization ... who devote at least 32 hours per week
to such endeavor." (Miss. St. Bd. Dental Examiners)

2. At some institutions, the Regular
Faculty. "Full-time faculty ranks are: Instructor, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Professor, University Professor, and Distinguished Professor."
(American U.) Under this definition, numerous faculty who are employed
full-time, such as the Research Faculty, are not Full-Time Faculty.

An omnibus term comprising all faculty members,
whether Regular Faculty or not. "The general faculty includes the full- and
part-time faculty, as well as various administrators, librarians, registrars,
student affairs personnel, directors of academic learning centers, and others
holding faculty rank or status." (Bentley Coll.) Occasionally
restricted to exclude Regular Faculty. "The term 'general faculty'
identifies those faculty who are elected to the General Faculty of the
University but not to one of the teaching faculties of the schools. The general
faculty have an array of functions including teaching, research, public service,
providing academic support in areas such as student services and the libraries,
and in performing administrative duties that relate directly to management
policies and procedures or the general business and administrative operations of
the institution." (U. Va.) At the University of Miami, the General
Faculty is divided into the University Faculty and the Associated Faculty. (U.
Miami)

General Graduate Assistant

"A general graduate assistant is a graduate student assigned academic duties that do not fall clearly in
[other graduate assistant categories]; involve nonteaching instructional tasks (for example, grading papers and tests, or managing a computer lab); involve assisting with research; or include a combination of assistantship duties, with no on type of assistantship the predominant assignment."
(Utah St. U.)

General Librarian

A library academic position at a level
equivalent to Instructor. Qualifications include
an undergraduate degree, a degree from an accredited library school plus library
experience. The incumbent "is expected to perform, under supervision, library tasks of a complex nature and to exercise responsible
judgment in administering library routine." (LSU)

Geographic Full-Time Faculty

A medical-school term for a physician who conducts no private
practice but devotes all of his or her clinical time to the institution. A
"person serving on the faculty of a medical center who is not employed on a full-time basis for the purpose of fixing compensation payable by the State but all
of whose professional services and activities are conducted at the medical center or its affiliated
hospitals and are available to the State on a full-time basis for clinical and instructional purposes.
(SUNY) Also Strict Full-Time Faculty.

Governing Faculty

The set of faculty members having policy- and
rule-making authority according to the institution's bylaws. "The governing faculty of each academic unit shall establish the responsibilities and authority of each academic unit governance entity and each administrative entity within that unit."
"The term 'governing faculty,' when used in connection with a school, college, or degree-granting division, includes those members of the school, college, or degree-granting division who are professors, associate professors, and assistant professors, and where authorized by that unit's bylaws, certain clinical faculty, certain research faculty, and instructors and lecturers who hold appointments of half-time or more."
(U. Mich.)

Grader

"The primary responsibility of a grader is
to evaluate written work such as examinations, problem sets, and papers."
(U. Va.) "This title will be used for a part-time appointee who holds a baccalaureate
degree and is a candidate making satisfactory progress towards an advanced degree."
(U. Mo. Rolla)

Graduate Assistant

"A graduate student who for the period of a
semester or a session is paid from the University budget or from external funds
for performance of academic services." (U. Miss.) "A Graduate Assistant is a graduate student paid a salary to
render service to the University, primarily in research, either directly, or under a grant or
contract with other agencies, normally at the maximum rate of fifteen clock hours per week."
(Rutgers)

"A student who is appointed in an academic department or program and:
directly participates in the extension, outreach and engagement mission of the unit, or an on-campus or off-campus organization that is affiliated with the unit, in the design of projects, data collection, analysis, application, or reporting of results in the student's field of study, where these activities may,
but are nit required to, contribute directly to the student's thesis or dissertation; or
supports the extension, outreach and engagement mission of the unit or discipline, including substantive interaction with individuals or groups beyond the university."
(N.C. St. U.)

Graduate Faculty

Some institutions maintain separate faculties
for undergraduate and graduate teaching, although many faculty members may
belong to both. "The primary qualitative guideline [for membership in
the Graduate Faculty] is current scholarly competence. The Graduate Faculty
member is now an active and productive scholar and, recognizing
the complementarity of research and teaching, is an effective teacher at the
graduate level. Evidence of recent active and productive scholarship includes
scholarly books, refereed articles in scholarly journals, chapters in scholarly
books, abstracts in scholarly conference proceedings, successful external
research grant applications, juried shows, editorships, or the equivalent as
determined by the individual academic unit. Evidence of graduate teaching
effectiveness includes teaching awards, successful instructional innovation
grants, student evaluations, student accomplishments, guidance of graduate
students' research projects, peer reviews, innovations in course design or
delivery, publications in area of pedagogy, or other quantitative and
qualitative evidence as determined by the individual academic unit." (Ga.
State)

"The
Graduate Faculty are charged with the responsibility for conducting and
maintaining the graduate programs of the University.The Graduate Faculty introduce students into the current scholarly
activities of the various disciplines.Therefore,
the members of the Graduate Faculty should be active scholars."
(La. Tech.)

At some institutions, such as Howard, members of
the Graduate Faculty carry titles to distinguish them from undergraduate
faculty. The Series is {Graduate Assistant Professor, Graduate Associate
Professor, Graduate Professor}. See also Associate Graduate Faculty, Full
Graduate Faculty,

Graduate Fellow

"A Graduate Fellow is an individual who receives a grant for his or
her support as a graduate student, no services to the University being required as
a consideration." (Rutgers) "A graduate student who is provided
non-compensatory financial assistance (e.g., with no service obligation) in the
form of a stipend. Stipends from graduate fellowships and traineeships are based
on academic scholarship and/or financial need criteria." (N.C. St. U.)

Graduate Instructor

"A graduate student who teaches one or more
courses and who is responsible for reporting grades in his own name." (U.
Miss.) "A graduate instructor is a student assigned to teach one or more sections of a course for an entire semester."
(Utah St. U.)

Graduate Lecturer

A short-term teaching position at (for example)
Iowa State University for holders of at least a Master's degree. (Iowa State)

"The title Reader is given to a student employed for the ability to render diverse services as a course assistant, which will normally include the grading of student papers and examinations. A Reader will not be given the responsibilities customarily accorded a Teaching Assistant."
(U. Ca. Davis)

Graduate Research Assistant

A graduate student who "holds an
assistantship with required duties in research." (Vanderbilt) "A graduate research assistant is a graduate student assigned to work under faculty guidance on one or more research projects."
(Utah St. U.)

Graduate Research Professor

A title awarded to recognize
outstanding accomplishment and an international reputation in teaching and
research. (U. Fl.) In the State University System of Florida, the
incumbent is responsible for research and related activities, may be responsible
for teaching, service, academic advising, and may represent the institution on
university and/or Statewide committees.

Graduate Services Assistant

"A student whose appointment is not in an academic department or program or who does not provide services in general support of the teaching or research mission of the unit."
(N.C. St. U.)

Graduate Student Assistant Researcher

A "graduate student who is trained in
research techniques under the supervision of a Principal Investigator on a
research project which is not necessarily related to the student's degree
program." (U. Cal.)

Graduate Student Instructor

A graduate student who performs instructional
activity, ranging at the low end from running discussion section to at the high
end even teaching graduate courses. Abbreviated GSI. (U. Cal.
Berkeley) The rank is clearly distinguished from Instructor,
a position rarely filled by a graduate student.

Graduate Student Researcher

A "graduate student who performs research
related to the student's degree program in an academic department or research
unit under the direction of a faculty member or authorized Principal
Investigator." (U. Cal.)

Graduate Teaching Assistant

A graduate student who "holds an
assistantship related to teaching but without primary responsibility for
instruction and grading." (Vanderbilt) A "graduate student who
has a bachelor's degree or equivalent and who is involved with teaching or other
professional service." (Wright St.) "A graduate teaching assistant is a graduate student assigned to assist one or more faculty with
instruction [and] may lecture in a course occasionally, tutor students, or assist in some other teaching capacity, such as teaching a lab or recitation session under faculty supervision."
(Utah St. U.) Often just Teaching Assistant. Cf. Graduate Teaching Scholar.

Graduate Teaching Associate

"An advanced graduate student who has a
master's degree or equivalent and who usually is a doctoral candidate involved
with instruction or other professional service." (Wright St.)

Graduate Teaching Scholar

A graduate student who holds a scholarship
carrying teaching responsibilities. An "assistant who has overall
responsibility for instruction in a course or courses, including the assignment
of grades." (Vanderbilt) Cf. Graduate Teaching Assistant.

Gratis Title

"These are courtesy appointments which
acknowledge those individuals who, at no pay, teach, supervise students, or have
some professional affiliation with the University." (U. Conn.)

Guest Appointment (generally)

"A guest faculty appointment is normally an
uncompensated position for an individual with an extended visit to campus to
participate in research or other scholarly programs. A guest appointment
provides identification and access to University facilities and services for the
period of the visit. A guest appointment is inappropriate for an individual who
will not be physically present on campus and requiring campus services." (Notre Dame) "A guest is usually a
distinguished individual of considerable professional attainment to whom the
Institute extends the prerogative of observing or participating informally in
certain phases of its activities. Guest appointments are academic, with a term
of one week to one year." (MIT) Guest titles include "Guest"
as a prefix, as in "Guest Assistant Professor."

Guest Lecturer

1. A speaker brought in to deliver a lecture in
place of the regular course instructor.

2. "A guest lecturer is an individual who speaks to a class because of his/her expertise, is paid a flat rate, and is not the instructor of record."
(Humboldt St.) "A guest lecturer is not considered a substitute if selected and used as a part of an instructor's published course syllabus."
(Tri-County C.C.)

3. "This title is used to appoint individuals who will participate in the instructional program for two weeks or less in a quarter and who do not hold a title with the University but are brought to the University for
their expertise in a given subject." (U. Ca. San Diego) Cf. Lecturer
Miscellaneous

Head Coach

The senior Coaching Faculty position. "Under general
direction [of the Athletic Director], performs the full range of coaching functions related to a fully developed intercollegiate athletic activity
... Typically, positions in this class involve supervisory responsibility over a number of subordinate personnel performing various coaching functions.
A Head Coach's responsibilities include recruiting, fund raising, program development, and community relations."
(Cal. St.)

The place from which a member of the Visiting
Faculty is visiting. Cf. Host Institution.

Honorary (generally)

1. A prefix indicating distinction, similar to
the prefix Distinguished. Although common in Europe and Canada, such
honorary faculty titles are virtually never conferred in the US, where
"honorary" connotes "unearned." (But see Honorary
Lecturer.) Cf. Honorific.

2. A prefix denoting a part-time appointment for
which the incumbent receives an honorarium rather than a salary. See
Honorary Professor.

3. "The term honorary shall be prefixed to
the title of all other members of the faculty who have retired." (Thomas
Jefferson U.)

Honorary Appointment

A Visiting Appointment without compensation.
(Rutgers)

Honorary Faculty

At some institutions, persons who have received
honorary degrees are considered honorary Members of the Faculty, sometimes
referred to as Honorary Faculty. (Clayton)

Honorary Lecturer

At
MIT, "the appointment of honorary lecturer is reserved for those
distinguished persons holding no other Institute academic appointment whom the
President and the Corporation have chosen to honor for a singular record of
achievement and public service. The holder of the title of honorary lecturer is
afforded all the privileges of the Institute and, from time to time, will share
his or her knowledge and experience with members of the Faculty and student body
in informal seminars or formal lectures." (MIT)"Appointment to this title may be
extended to individuals at ranks less than Professor who are retiring after
many years of service to the School of Medicine."(Mt. Sinai)

Honorary Professor

An "honorary title which
may be assigned to individuals who offer educational experiences to the students
of the University on a part-time basis. Such individuals have no contractual
arrangements with the University although they may receive an honorarium for
their services." (Dakota Wesleyan) See Honorary.

Honorific

A prefix denoting distinction
beyond that normally attained by a person of the given rank, e.g. University
Professor. "Such titles are awarded by letter from the
chancellor. They are not included in the official appointment papers, so that
the faculty member remains as "Professor" in his or her prior tenure
status." (U. Ill.) The tendency to create such modifiers ad hoc can
cause confusion and resentment, especially in the absence of published
standards. The University of Illinois warns that one must "guard against
excess proliferation of titles, trivialization of titles, and difficulties
created by any one campus for the others." (U. Ill.) The notion of
Honorific must be distinguished from that of "honor." An
Honorific is earned; an honor may not be.

A non-faculty academic rank for postgraduate
physicians who are employees of the institution's medical school or other
affiliated hospital. (Yale) Not to be confused with the well-known job
title of "Resident," who is a doctor employed by a hospital but which
carries no implication of academic status.

Host Institution

The institution that a Visiting Faculty member
is visiting. Cf. Home Institution.

A designation for a nontenured faculty member
who spends time at an institution but may not qualify for a position on the
Regular Faculty, used to acquire the services of persons eminent in
their fields. The usual Series is {Instructor in Residence, Assistant
Professor in Residence, Associate Professor in Residence, Professor in
Residence}. "This is an
umbrella title for professionals, appointed to instructional positions, with
working titles, such as Writer-in-Residence, Artist-in-Residence,
Architect-in-Residence, Journalist-in-Residence, etc. The professional may be in
residence at irregular intervals and may be scheduled individually in order to
meet obligations to the University." (LSU) "A full-time instructional staff member of great
distinction, employed as a scholar, artist or executive in residence who shall
teach, confer with faculty and students, give public lectures and/or perform
research." (U. Toledo) "An
'In-Residence' faculty appointment allows for flexibility where there is a
desire to provide for the presence of a distinguished and prominent individual
to American University. The positions that are given 'In-Residence' designation
may be full- or part-time and include, but are not limited to, Writer, Artist,
Diplomat, Poet, Scholar, Lecturer, Executive, Journalist, Jurist, Practicing
Attorney, and Emeritus In-Residence." (American U.) "In-residence titles are used for temporary, non-tenure track
appointments paralleling each of the four regular faculty ranks. Faculty
members in these titles may be asked to carry out all aspects of the faculty
role, that is, teaching, research and service and must meet the same
professional criteria as the tenure track faculty ... Their appointment may include
serving as the Principal Investigator on sponsored research projects." (U. Conn.)
"Individuals
from the various professions (who may not have faculty rank at another
University) may be appointed to visiting instruction, research, and servicepositions at Louisiana Tech.Examples of some illustrative titles would be Architect-in-Residence,
Artist-in-Residence, Executive-in-Residence, and Biologist-in-Residence.At the option of the appointing Department, the individual may be
appointed with a visiting faculty rank in lieu of Professional-in-Residence."
(La. Tech.) "The suffix in Residence is preceded by the creative specialty in which the faculty member is engaged: e.g., Artist in Residence, Composer in Residence, Writer in Residence. The purpose of in-residence appointments is to emphasize performance or creative work to the benefit and enhancement of the broad educational goals of the University."
(Vanderbilt) Sometimes the suffix "in-Residence" is used for
internal administrative purposes only and does not appear in correspondence or
institutional publications. (U. Conn.) The holder of an In-Residence
appointment is sometimes referred to as an Appointee in Residence (W. Ky. U.)

2. In the University of California System, a
nontenured faculty Series that is academically equivalent to the tenure-track
series with minimal use of state funding. (U. Cal.)

A suffix designating a nontenured term position
for practitioners or scholars whose appointments are based primarily on their
distinction in one of the areas integral to the practice of a profession.
Persons appointed in this position must show evidence of significant
accomplishment as either a practitioner or scholar in their chosen area. In
addition, they must show evidence of exemplary performance in teaching the
fundamental skills of that area of practice to others. (Yale)

Indefinite Appointment

1. The term for Tenure at certain
institutions. "An indefinite appointment is an academic staff
appointment in an operational area of departmental or higher level having
permanent status and for an unlimited term." (U. Wisc. Madison)

2. At other institutions, the term does not
necessarily indicate any tenure rights but simply that the appointment has no
fixed termination date. (LSU)

In a word, Tenure.
Cf., Definite Tenure, which is definitely not Tenure.

Industrial Fellow

An industry professional who
works on campus with faculty on research of mutual interest. "The
goal of the Industrial Fellows program is to bring industrial and university
scientists and engineers together in a collaborative interaction for an extended
period." (U. Minn.)

Institute Fellow

1. Trivially, a Fellow of an Institute. In this usage it is frequently preceded by the
name of the institute, e.g. "Jesuit Institute Fellow" at Boston
College.

2. A title signifying affiliation of a faculty
member with a research center or institute. (U. Mo. Rolla)

Institute Professor

Generally an honorific title used at
institutions whose names include "institute," e.g. Virginia Military
Institute (VMI). Equivalent to the title of University Professor at
other institutions. "The title of Institute professor is an honor bestowed
by the Faculty and Administration of MIT on a faculty colleague who has
demonstrated exceptional distinction by a combination of leadership,
accomplishment, and service in the scholarly, educational, and general
intellectual life of the Institute or wider academic community. The honor
recognizes past contributions and provides the holder with an opportunity for
continued and expanded contributions. A person holding an Institute
professorship enjoys a unique position of freedom and prestige among the
Faculty." There are usually no more than 12 Institute Professor
appointments extant any one time. (MIT)

Instruction Librarian

"Instructor shall be called Instruction Librarian in the University Library;
" (Nicholls St. U.)

Instruction Professor

An alternative term for Instructional
Professor, a modern equivalent of Lecturer but so far not adopted. The use
of Instruction as a prefix easily permits rank designation, e.g. Instruction
Associate Professor.

"Instructional assistants conduct classroom or laboratory instruction under the supervision of a full-time member of the
faculty ... Instructional assistants are not members of the faculty." (U.
Idaho)

Instructional Development Specialist

"Employees in this Series help faculty members apply current educational theory to the planning,
delivery, and evaluation of a curriculum. They are the channel through which the faculty members can
become aware of recent innovations in educational methodology. Where applicable, they expedite the adoption
and application of the educational policy of the university/campus into the curriculum design. They also
help the faculty to revise or develop university/campus-wide or departmental curricular policies and
procedures so that students' problems may be averted in the future." (State
Univs. of Ill.)

Instructional Faculty

That component of the Faculty whose
primary mission is to teach, as opposed, for example, to the Research Faculty,
who may have no teaching responsibility whatsoever. "Instructional
faculty consists of persons teaching, instructing, tutoring, and lecturing in
the activity of imparting knowledge." (U. Nev. Las Vegas) A "person whose appointment at the College is for teaching, research, and service whether full-time or part-time, with or without tenure, and whether or not the person has membership in the voting faculty."
(Coll. of Charleston) At some institutions, Academic and
Professional-Technical Faculty combined. (Lewis & Clark Coll.)

Instructional
Professional

A
Series in the Academic Professional staff and the top rank thereof, including
{Assistant Instructional Professional, Associate Instructional Professional,
Instructional Professional}. The incumbent "has the teaching and mentoring of students as a significant part
of his or her job responsibilities." (Ariz. State U.)

"The honorific working title instructional
professor could be awarded to outstanding academic staff members with terminal degrees and titles of senior lecturer, distinguished lecturer, faculty associate, or distinguished faculty associate. This title is awarded only to truly meritorious academic staff members and requires the positive recommendation of the executive committee of the department in which the staff member is employed, or the relevant academic planning council for staff members not easily identified with a single department."
(U. Wisc.) In 2002, after several
years of debate, the University of Wisconsin decided against creating a title of
Instructional Professor. The proposed definition was to have been: "A member
of the academic staff who

independently engages in formal or
informal instruction, in an academic discipline,

in one or more of the following
areas: traditional classroom setting, laboratory,

outreach and continuing education
or extension program. These individual possesses the experience or
knowledge necessary to carry out the responsibilities

typically associated with the
instructional or extension components of a faculty

appointment,
including one or more of the following: develop and

teach a course(s), design
curricula and/or techniques for instruction, or develop and present outreach
programs in a discipline or integrated disciplines.

Responsibilities may also include
training graduate assistants. This title series, which includes Assistant
Instructional Professor and Associate Instructional Professor, is

primarily for persons who hold an
advanced degree, whose appointment is 50% or

more and is renewable or
indefinite." (U. Wisc., proposed but not adopted)

Instructional Staff

"The instructional staff of the University includes the Faculty and
non-tenurable ranks." (Fordham) At some institutions, the equivalent
of Faculty, even though this may include people with no teaching responsibility:
"Faculty or instructional staff includes all full & part-time persons
whose specific assignments customarily are made for the purpose of conducting
instruction, research or public service as a principal activity, and who hold
academic rank titles of professor, associate professor, assistant professor,
instructor, lecturer, or the equivalent of any one of these academic ranks."
(Shepherd Coll.)

1. At
most institutions, the
lowest rank of Regular Faculty, that is, in the Tenure Track. "Individuals may be appointed
as Instructor who have advanced to candidacy for the Ph.D. or possess the degree
required for teaching in certain fields. [have] proven or presumptive teaching
ability, the potential to progress toward the Assistant Professorship according
to ordinary norms [and] those qualities of character and personality expected in
a teacher and advisor of students." (Georgetown) "Individuals
appointed to this rank must have a master's degree or its equivalent and should
be otherwise well-qualified to teach at the undergraduate (primarily lower
division) level. (U.
Colorado at Boulder) Some institutions dispense with this rank altogether,
making Assistant Professor the lowest tenure-track rank. Titles at this
level include Academic Instructor, Acting Instructor, Adjunct Instructor,
Affiliate Instructor, Assistant Instructor, Clinical Assistant Instructor,
Clinical Instructor, Clinical Resident Instructor, Collegiate Instructor,
Cooperative Instructor, Extension Instructor, Extra-Collegiate Instructor,
Fellow Instructor, Field Service Instructor, Graduate Student Instructor,
Instructor Attendant, Instructor in Clinical (subject), Instructor in Law,
Instructor in Residence, Instructor in the Practice of, Instructor Librarian,
Instructor of Clinical (subject), Junior Instructor, Laboratory Instructor,
Lecturer Instructor, Librarian Instructor, Library Instructor, Marine
Instructor, Military Instructor, Naval Instructor, Program Instructor,
Provisional Instructor, Research Assistant Instructor, Research Instructor,
Resident Instruction Instructor, Resident Instructor, Senior Assistant
Instructor, Senior
Instructor, Senior Instructor Attendant, Senior Laboratory instructor, Special Instructor, Technical
Instructor, University School Instructor, Visiting Instructor, Visiting Senior
Instructor.

2. At some
institutions, a non-Tenure Track rank. For example, in the Nevada Universities and Colleges
System it is the nontenured rank given to community college
faculty. Cf. Community
College Professor (U. Nev.)

An Librarian position
equivalent in rank to Instructor. (George Mason, U. Fl., U. So. Ala.) See
also Professor Librarian.

Instructor
of Clinical (subject)

The
lowest rank in a Series for "Individuals holding full-time appointments in the academic departments and colleges whose professional assignment is primarily patient care and teaching in the clinical sciences and for whom regular faculty ranks would therefore be
inappropriate." (U. Cinn.)

Intercollegiate
Coach

"This is a full-time rank normally requiring a master's degree and
a record of demonstrated performance in the area of specialization. Persons holding
this rank devote half time or less to the instruction of credit students."
(Old Dominion)

Interim
Faculty

"Interim
appointments are applicable to positions which are not to be carried forward
into the next or future fiscal periods, but which fill a need for the current or
upcoming fiscal period. In such situations the staff member appointed does not
retain a significant proportion of his/her permanent status position's
duties/responsibilities." (U. N.H.) "The term, 'interim faculty
members,' covers those positions previously referred to as "temporary," or "adjunct," or "visiting."
It covers all faculty who are not in tenured, tenure-track or continuing non tenure-track positions."
(Bryn Mawr) Cf. Acting.

Intern

"An intern is a first-year medical resident who is a medical school graduate and who is
to gain one year of hospital-based experience in the practice of medicine
through supervised study and training as a physician in an 'internship'."
There
are numerous specialized Intern titles that are not enumerated in this book,
including: Dietetic Intern, Hospital Administrative Intern, Pharmacy
Intern. (U. Cal.)

Investigator

1.
A
junior nontenured research position requiring a doctorate and "experience equivalent to that of a
faculty member holding the rank of Instructor or Assistant Professor."
(Brown) See also Senior Investigator.

2.
Investigator has a special meaning with respect to conflict of interest in
sponsored research. "An Investigator is any person, including but not
limited to any person holding an academic or professional staff appointment at
Indiana University, who is engaged in the design, conduct, or reporting of
Research or externally-supported educational activities." (U. Ind.)

Investigator
Track

A
Track at Yale School of Medicine for persons "who have established
themselves as nationally recognized independent investigators and who have a
record of sustained outside funding, or in the case of new recruits, strong
promise of such funding ... While these faculty members engage in teaching,
their major responsibility will be the development of productive research
programs. Teaching will normally occupy no more than ten percent of their
professional time." (Yale)

Invited
(generally)

A primarily foreign prefix, used in the US largely at the University Cincinnati,
which offers an extensive set of Invited titles (distinct from Visiting titles),
including Invited Professor, Invited Field Service Professor, Invited Research
Professor, Invited Professor of Clinical (subject) and Invited Senior Librarian.
(U. Cinn.)

A
joint appointment is normally an appointment to more than one school, college or
department. (Fordham) It may also extend across institutions. (N.J. Inst.
of Tech.) At Notre Dame, a Concurrent Appointment."A
joint appointment may be considered when a faculty member makes a major
contribution in terms of time, effort and programmatic need to the academic
program of another department or school. This contribution should be on a
continuing basis and judged to be sufficiently significant for the joint
appointee to have voting privileges in the secondary department, which
frequently provides a portion of the salary and/or other support and possibly
shares in the tenure commitment." (Stanford)A
"joint" appointment recognizes a faculty member's
long- term commitment to, and participation in, two or more departments. A
joint appointment may be discontinued only with the concurrence of the faculty
member and the appointing departments. One department shall be designated the
primary department and the others secondary, and this designation can be
changed only with the concurrence of the faculty member and the appointing
departments. Personnel determinations (salaries, promotions, leave, etc.)
originate with the primary department, but may be proposed by the secondary
department(s), and all actions must have the concurrence of the secondary
department(s).(U. of Wash.)

Sometimes
a distinction is made between a Joint Appointment and a Dual
Appointment.
For example, it is not strictly correct to refer to a Professor who is also an
administrator as having a Joint Appointment. In such as situation Dual
Appointment is more appropriate.An
earlier term for Joint, now obsolete, was Divided.

An
Honorific title conferred in the US primarily by the University of
Illinois. Roughly equivalent to Distinguished Professor. (U. Ill.)

Junior
Astronomer

See
Astronomer. (U. Cal.)

Junior
Collegiate Faculty

A
Faculty in the Blair School of Music at Vanderbilt University, for teachers of
music performance at the college level. The Series is {Instructor in,
Assistant Professor of}. (Vanderbilt) See also Senior Collegiate
Faculty.

Junior
Faculty

Generally
the Junior Faculty consists of the ranks of Assistant Professor or the
equivalent and below, but this varies by institution. "Junior Faculty includes the following academic titles: Assistant Professor or Research Assistant Professor."
(U. N.M.) "Junior faculty is defined as 1) nontenure track faculty,
regardless of years of service or 2) untenured faculty in tenure-track
positions." (La. Tech.) Cf. Senior Faculty.

Junior
Research Scholar

A
very rare title, apparently used only by New York University, for non-faculty
member directly engaged in professional research in the arts or humanities on an
externally funded project. (NYU)

Junior
Researcher

One who performs, under immediate
supervision, normally with limited opportunity for independent or unreviewed action or decision, relatively elementary professional
and scientific work in a particular field of research. (U. Hawaii)

An entry-level position whose responsibilities
include organizing and operating instructional laboratories, leading to
Laboratory Instructor. (Bryn Mawr)

Laboratory
Instructor

"The
title of Laboratory Instructor refers to academic personnel whose primary
responsibility is instruction in application of scientific methodology (the
laboratory component of a course) and whose other responsibilities may include
lecturing in a course. Laboratory Instructors hold full-time or part-time
appointments for instruction, scholarship and service ... A Laboratory
Instructor is under the direction of a faculty member." (Santa Clara
U.) "Persons who teach or assist with laboratory courses in the Natural Sciences and Mathematics Division on
a continuing basis may receive the title of Laboratory Instructor."
(Colgate) "This is a quasi-faculty appointment intended to assist the
regular faculty in certain laboratory science and other (e.g. language
laboratory) offerings especially in lab preparations, equipment distribution and
maintenance." (Suffolk U.) See also Senior Laboratory Instructor.

Laboratory
Lecturer

A
title, virtually unique in the US to Bryn Mawr College, for a person with a
Ph.D. having responsibility for "organization, operation, and maintenance
of instructional laboratories including the training and supervision of graduate
and undergraduate teaching assistants." (Bryn Mawr) Cf. Laboratory
Instructor, Senior Laboratory Lecturer.

Ladder
Faculty

Faculty
in the "ladder ranks," meaning that they are in the standard
tenure-track promotional ladder from Assistant Professor (or below) to Associate
Professor and then Professor. At Yale, holders of ladder appointments,
regardless of whether and to what extent their salaries are supported by
research grants, are expected over time to devote at least half of their time to
teaching and related instructional duties. (Yale)

Language
Lecturer

The
equivalent of Lector or Lecturer in Foreign Languages, one
rank below Senior Language Lecturer. "Language lecturers are an
integral component of language instruction at NYU. While the majority of
language sections offered are taught by teaching assistants and instructors,
language lecturers provide much needed coordination, continuity, and consistency
in instruction." (NYU)

Learning
Resources Specialist

Someone
who "acquires, manages,
utilizes, and provides access to media materials and equipment in support of
the instructional, research, and service. programs of the university."
The position requires at least a master's degree.
(Ariz. State U.)

A
rank common in Europe but virtually unknown in the US except at Yale, where it
is used to designate an untenured teacher of foreign language. The lower
of a two-rank sequence including Senior Lector. "The rank of Lector is
appropriate for individuals who have native or near-native language proficiency
and some training in language pedagogy, but who have had relatively little
teaching experience. That experience might range from teaching during graduate
training to fewer than three years of full-time teaching at the college level."
(Yale) The reason a separate title is used is that the skills required for
effective foreign language instruction are distinct from research and other
teaching skills.

an academic discipline, either
independently or under the general supervision of a

faculty member. The primary duties
of a Lecturer are effective delivery of

instructional material, testing
and grading. However, the degree of involvement

in course and curriculum
development, course scheduling, advising and subject

matter expertise differs
significantly depending on the prefix. "The title 'lecturer' is granted to a scholar
invited to the University to give lectures or perform other teaching duties.
The lecturer should possess the same qualifications as regular faculty members.
The 'lecturer' title may also be granted to a person of high repute
in a field of endeavor related to an academic discipline who has been invited
by the University to give a series of lectures or otherwise render instruction.
Tenure may not be awarded to a lecturer either initially or after an extended
term. (U. Colorado at Boulder)The range of Lecturer
titles also includes (in addition to the titles below) Assistant Lecturer, Associate Lecturer, College Lecturer,
Continuous Lecturer, Convertible
Lecturer, Distinguished
Lecturer, Graduate Lecturer, Guest Lecturer, Laboratory Lecturer, Language Lecturer, Lecturer Convertible, Lecturer in Educational
Practice, Lecturer in Foreign Languages, Lecturer Instructor, Lecturer
Miscellaneous, Lecturer -- Non-Salaried, Lecturer with Continuing
Appointment, Lecturer with Potential
Security of Employment, Lecturer with Rank of, Lecturer with Security of Employment, Limited Term
Lecturer, Master
Lecturer, Medical Lecturer, Principal Lecturer, Professorial Lecturer, Senior Laboratory Lecturer,
Senior Language
Lecturer, Senior Lecturer, Senior Lecturer with Potential Security
of Employment, Senior Lecturer with Security of Employment, Senior Staff
Lecturer, Special Internal Lecturer, Special
Lecturer, Staff Lecturer and "Lecturer with Rank
of" positions.

2. A part-time, as
opposed to a full-time instructional position. At the University of
Alaska, for example, Lecturer is only a part-time appointment, while Instructor
is only full-time. (U. Alaska) "This title series is

primarily for persons who have an
undergraduate degree in the disciplinary area

of instruction or persons who
possess an advanced degree and hold less than a

50% appointment and/or are
appointed with no expectation of renewal."(U. Wisc.)

3. At Notre Dame, "a lecturer appointment is
used for an individual who visits campus for a short time, typically only part
of a semester, for the purpose of presenting lectures or teaching, and who will
need access to University facilities and services." (Notre Dame)

Lecturer Clinical Specialist

A highly specialized position apparently unique
to the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing. "These lecturer-clinical specialists are distinguished from the Faculty by their concentration on the supervision of the graduate student practice of primary care or nurse-midwifery as opposed to the teaching of the theory of nursing. It is anticipated that these lecturer-clinical specialists will not be involved in the School of Nursing teaching activities outside the clinical major and their dominant roles will be to maintain a caseload of patients for on-going student practice and supervise that student practice."
(U. of PA)

A title, apparently in use only at Yale,
indicating a successful candidate for assistant professorship who has not
completed a Ph.D. at the time their appointments begin and are therefore
appointed for one year at the rank of Lecturer Convertible. Cf. Convertible
Lecturer.

Lecturer in Educational Practice

A title, unique to the University of
Pennsylvania Graduate School of Education, for faculty responsible for
supervising student teaching interns, certification practicums and teaching
methods courses. Adopted in 1997 to combat high turnover among such
professionals. (U. of Pa.)

Often used as a Functional
Title for a Lecturer who teaches law, but only rarely an Official
Title, except at the University of Hawaii. "The title of Lecturer in Law is used for persons
experienced in the law employed on a part-time basis by the School of Law for short-term
teaching assignments." (U. Hawaii)

Lecturer Instructor

A Lecturer with the rank of Instructor. (U.
Utah) Apparently contradictory, the title makes sense because Instructor
is a Tenure-Track rank, while Lecturer is not.

Lecturer Miscellaneous

A title, apparently unique to the University of
California at San Diego, "used only when someone is being proposed to teach for more than 2 weeks but less than a full quarter, who
[does] not hold a current title with the University." (U. Ca. San Diego)

Lecturer -- Non-Salaried

A title " for individuals who volunteer to
teach or participate in an instructional function that requires an instructional
title, e.g., serving on dissertation committees." "This title is used to appoint eminent scientists or scholars who may volunteer to assist in a course without compensation. It may also be used for appointees who require an instructional title for working with students, but will not be teaching or assisting in any course. This title may not be used for those individuals who have full responsibility for a course."
(U. Cal. San Diego)

Lecturer Track

"Appointments to the Lecturer Track are
appropriate only for the performance of educational responsibilities that are,
as certified by a decision of the regular faculty of the academic department
concerned, so specifically focused as to be inappropriate for regular faculty,
but require the employment of persons of sufficiently high caliber and specific
talent as to justify the conferring of faculty status in order to attract and
retain them, without requiring of them all the activities normally expected of
regular faculty members." The Series is {Lecturer, Senior Lecturer,
Principal Lecturer}. (Carnegie Mellon)

Lecturer with Continuing Appointment

A title apparently unique to Princeton
University. (Princeton) See Continuing Appointment.

Lecturer with Potential Security of Employment

A potentially permanent position leading to Lecturer with
Security of Employment, equivalent to the Tenure Track. A professionally qualified appointee not under consideration for
appointment as professor, whose services are contracted for certain teaching
duties for a fixed term. Sometimes abbreviated Lecturer PSOE. (U. Cal. Santa
Cruz) Cf. Lecturer with Security of Appointment.

Lecturer with Rank of Assistant Professor

As the term implies, a nontenured Lecturer
position equal in rank to that of Assistant Professor. This usage is
prevalent at Princeton, which makes no other distinction among Lecturer titles.
(Princeton)

Lecturer with Rank of Associate Professor

See Lecturer with Rank of Assistant Professor. (Princeton)

Lecturer with Rank of Professor

See Lecturer with Rank of Assistant Professor. (Princeton)

Lecturer with Security of Employment

A post for professionally qualified appointees
not under consideration for appointment as professor, whose services are
contracted for certain teaching duties. The appointment carries
"security" because the incumbent may be terminated only for "good
cause." See Security of Employment.
Sometimes abbreviated Lecturer SOE. (U. Cal. Santa
Cruz) Cf. Senior Lecturer with Security of Employment.

Lecturing Fellow

A Non-Regular position on the Instructional
Faculty at Duke University, especially the Law School. (Duke) See
also Senior Lecturing Fellow.

Letter of Academic Title

A document, apparently issued solely by the
University of New Mexico, granting a physician an academic
appointment at a medical school to "those researchers who need an
affiliation with the University while working on their collaborative work." (U. New Mexico)

Letter of Appointment

One, but not the only, mechanism
for appointing an academic to a position. "Every full-time member of the faculty holds an annual Letter of Appointment, signed by
the President of the University, stating his or her academic rank for the year of the
appointment, together with salary and estimated total compensation." (Santa
Clara U.) For certain positions, some institutions dispense with a latter
of appointment altogether and require execution of a contract, e.g. with the
Board of Regents. (U. Mont.) "A letter of appointment is
written to the applicant and signed by the appropriate dean and the Senior Vice
President and Provost. The appointment letter will specify the rank, the salary,
exact terms of the appointment, and any special conditions pertaining to the
particular appointment. These special conditions may include specifications in
the faculty member's letter regarding research assignments, obtaining research
grants or other outside funding, and other special conditions related to
teaching assignments. In addition, the letter will specify the conditions of the
employment period, including its length and the conditions under which tenure
may be earned. Finally, the letter of appointment will specify a deadline date
by which time a written reply is expected." (Hamilton Coll.)
At Portland State University, a Notice of Appointment. (Portland St. U.)

1. In view of the nature and importance of library
professionals to the work of educational institutions, it is appropriate and
necessary that they be recognized as faculty members and afforded the
protections of tenure and other academic freedoms. However, there is no
uniformity among institutions whether the Librarian ranks carry Tenure, some
form of Pseudo-Tenure or are simply term appointments. Numerous Librarian
titles are in use, generally paralleling the Professor ranks. In addition
to the entries here under "Librarian" and "Library," see
also Affiliate Librarian, Assistant-In Libraries, Assistant Librarian, Assistant Professor Librarian, Assistant University Librarian,
Associate-In Libraries, Associate Librarian,
Associate Professor Librarian, Associate Senior Librarian, Associate University Librarian, Beginning Librarian, Deputy Librarian,
Distinguished Librarian, General
Librarian, Instructor Librarian, Principal Librarian, Professor Librarian, Senior
Librarian, Senior Assistant Librarian, Senior Associate Librarian, Senior
Associate University Librarian, Staff Librarian, University Librarian and related tracks
under Archivist and Curator.Librarians often simply have titles in the Professor
Series. At some institutions, such as Columbia, the
Librarian ranks are distinguished by a Roman numeral suffixes, e.g. Librarian
IV. (Columbia) "Librarians have faculty rank and status, thus signifying the integral part they play in the teaching and learning processes. In addition to faculty status and rank, library faculty have position-titles assigned by the Dean of Libraries which describe their specific duties in the operation of the library.
" (Coll. of Charleston) See also Officer of the Libraries.

2. A rank in the Library equivalent to
Professor, calling for "extensive administrative experience in which responsibility and
judgment of an independent nature are required. The individual should be capable of exercising the top administrative functions of the library. Librarians assist in the administration of all aspects of library service and operation and share in the formulation and execution of policy."
(LSU)

A non-faculty library academic title equivalent
to Associate. The incumbent "must have graduated from a regionally accredited college or university or have extensive (4 or more years) library experience. Library Associates are expected to perform the simpler and specialized library routines under the supervision of a professional librarian."
(LSU)

Library Associate Professor

The equivalent of Associate Professor Librarian (U. Vt.)

Library Faculty

The institution's Librarians, sometimes including the Archive Faculty.
"Professional personnel of the Library." (Wash. St. U.) At most institutions, librarians are members of the Regular Faculty and thus
eligible for tenure. Except for Joint Appointments, they are not
associated with any department but comprise the Library Faculty. See also Librarian.
At other institutions, the Library Faculty form part of the Administrative
Faculty. (N.M. Highlands U.) "The Librarian Faculty shall consist of those faculty serving in the libraries of the University who hold the rank of Librarian Professor, Librarian Associate Professor, or Librarian Assistant Professor and who perform normal professional duties in the libraries, but are not required to undertake scholarly research.
Librarian Faculty are full-time but shall not hold tenured or tenure-earning appointments."
(U. Miami)

Library Instructor

The equivalent of Instructor Librarian (U. Vt.)

Library Lecturer

The Library Faculty rank equivalent to Lecturer.
(Nicholls State U.)

Library Professor

The equivalent of Professor Librarian (U. Vt.)

Limited Appointment

1. A limited appointment is one which is terminated
at the close of a period of time specified in writing to the appointee.
(Emory) An appointment to the Limited-Term Faculty. A synonym of
Fixed-Term Appointment. See also Casual Appointment. Cf. Continuous
Appointment.

2. A species of Reduced Appointment.
"Any Tenured faculty member with a minimum of ten (10) years of full-time service at the University may, by mutual agreement between the faculty member and the Board, be assigned not less than one-quarter (1/4) of the faculty member's normal workload and be provided a corresponding proportion of the faculty member's salary. The faculty member shall be required to establish a termination date when applying for Limited appointment status."
(N. Mich. U.)

Limited-Term Faculty

At some institutions, a term used
to denote nontenured faculty. "Faculty on a limited-term status are
appointed annually with a one-year contract which may be renewed a maximum of
four times. Under no circumstances does a limited-term contract convey the
expectation or possession of a tenure-track or tenured appointment. "
(U. of St. Thomas)

Limited-Term Appointment

Another term for Fixed-Term Appointment
or Limited Appointment.

Limited Term Lecturer

A Lecturer hired for a specific course or
courses for a specific semester, with no intent or implication that the
incumbent will be employed on an ongoing basis. (Purdue) Note that
this designation is different from Limited-Term Faculty, since both Limited Term
Lecturers and Continuous Lecturers are untenured. "A Limited-Term Lecturer is appointed to teach specific courses full-time on a one-semester contract. The Limited-Term Lecturer position is to be used only to replace full-time faculty members who are on leave, sabbatical, or absent because of some unforeseen circumstance and is not repeatable for consecutive semesters."
(S.W. Mo. St.)

At a small number of US institutions, a rank above Senior
Lecturer. At Metropolitan College of Boston University, the title means
that the incumbent possesses a terminal degree and has demonstrated excellence
in teaching and professional activities for at least ten years. (Boston U.)

Master Teacher

1. A title awarded to exceptional faculty for teaching excellence, sometimes
accompanied by a reduction in teaching load or additional compensation. (Eastern
Nazarene Coll.)

2. See also Clinical Master Teacher. (NYU)

3. A staff position in a School of Education, for example, as a lead teacher
or in planning, developing and managing classroom activities. (U. So. Carolina)

Master Teaching Clinician

A Contract Faculty position at the University of
North Texas. (U. of N. Texas)

Medical Lecturer

"As a member of the faculty, ... a medical
lecturer shall perform teaching, a variety of clinical and administrative duties
and related faculty duties on a full-time basis." (CUNY)

Medical Professor (Clinical)

"It shall be the responsibility of ... medical professors (clinical) to perform teaching, research, patient care and guidance duties. They shall also, among other things, be responsible for committee and program related assignments with the division, department, academic unit or university."
(CUNY)

Medical School Assistant Professor

See Medical School Professor (U. Md., formerly)

Medical School Associate Professor

See Medical School Professor (U. Md., formerly)

Medical School Professor

A position on the Clinical Faculty of a medical
school, as opposed to the Regular Faculty, with equivalent rank of Professor (U. Md. formerly)

At some universities, membership in the Graduate
Faculty is denoted by a separate series of titles, including Affiliate Member,
Associate Member, and Member (short for Full Member). These designations
are used in conjunction with usual faculty titles, as in "Assistant
Professor, Associate Member, Graduate Faculty." At LSU, to be
eligible for Member, an incumbent must hold the rank of at least Associate
Professor in a department offering graduate studies and have experience in
supervising dissertations. (LSU)

Member of the Faculty

1. A generic designation for a person who belongs
to the faculty of an educational institution.

2. Rarely, the sole academic title at an institution that eschews rank distinctions, such as
Evergreen College in Olympia, Washington. Sample usage: "Member
of the Faculty (Biology)." (Evergreen Coll.)

3. At Harvard Medical School, the title "is
reserved for an individual holding a primarily administrative position in the
school." (Harvard)

Mentor

A term imbued with qualities of guidance and
leadership, but only rarely used as a formal title. Instead, it suggests
the role of advisor or guide, often a senior faculty member chosen to provide
advice to new junior faculty. (S.W. Mo. St., U. Ind.) Commonly used in
medical schools to refer to a faculty member supervising a student's research
activities. (Duke) See also Meritorious Graduate Faculty Mentor, Senior
Mentor.

Meritorious Graduate Faculty Mentor

An honorary title, unique to Howard University,
reserved for persons who have been members of the Graduate Faculty for an
uninterrupted period of ten years following tenure.

Military (generally)

Various academic
programs call upon military officers to provide instruction. This raises
the issue of appropriate academic rank since serving officers possess
credentials not commonly seen in universities. The policy at the
University of Mississippi is illustrative: "For academic
purposes, the rank of Professor is assigned to colonels in the Air Force, Army,
and Marine Corps and to captains in the Navy who are assigned to duty on the
campus. The other ranks are: Associate
Professor--Lieutenant Colonel, Major, Commander, and Lieutenant Commander.
Assistant Professor--Captain, First Lieutenant (Army, Air Force, and Marine
Corps), Lieutenant, Lieutenant Junior Grade (Navy). Instructor--All others
in the armed forces who teach classes in R.O.T.C. Assistant--All others below the above ranks who are in a non-academic
capacity." (U. Miss.)

Military Instructor

An Army ROTC title at Vanderbilt
University. (Vanderbilt)

Modified Rank

A rank preceded or followed by a modifier, such as
Practice or Clinical, indicating that the holder is not part of the Regular
Faculty. At some institutions only one modifier is permitted in a title,
e.g. at the University of Arkansas, "Only one modifier may be used in any title, i.e., visiting assistant professor
or research assistant professor, but not visiting research assistant professor."
Cf. Unmodified Rank.

Modified Service

A reduced workload, and concomitant reduced
pay, afforded to retired faculty members who wish to continue teaching. "The
Board of Regents, upon the recommendation of the appropriate Executive Vice
Chancellor, Chancellor and, when appropriate, the president of the affected
component institution, may appoint a person who has retired to modified service
... Appointment to modified service shall be without tenure, for not more than
one academic year and shall not exceed one-half time."
(U. Tex. Austin)

Multi-Year
Appointment

"Multi-year appointments are Term
Appointments for more than one year." (U. Mich.) Note that a tenured
appointment is not a Multi-Year Appointment under this definition because it is
not a Term Appointment.

Multiple Appointment

"An individual may be appointed to more than one category of "officer."
The primary appointment ... governs that individual's appointment with respect to appointment, reappointment, and conditions of employment."
(U. Vt.)

Museum Associate

This term is to be for an individual who has developed competence in some area of the Museum's interest and who is not eligible for another title currently in use by the University or proposed here; these persons would have sufficient competence to be of instructor rank."
(U. Colorado at Boulder)

Museum Associate Curator

A "regularly appointed member of the
... faculty in some other department whose research interests would normally associate him/her with the Museum or who has an expertise necessary for the proper identification of collections."
(U. Colorado at Boulder)

Museum Curator Adjoint

An "individual not employed by the
[institution who works] for someone who has a Ph.D. degree or through experience has acquired equivalent proficiency. Specifically, this title would be used for people who are retired from other universities and living in the
... area, people who have developed on an a vocational basis significant competence in natural history areas, or for professionals in industry who have such competence.
These individuals would be more involved with collections than instructions, hence curator adjoint rather than professor adjoint."
(U. Colorado at Boulder)

Museum
Professional

A
member of the professional staff who has responsibility of managing and protecting a collection of
valuables as in a museum. (Ariz. State U.)

Named Professor

Awarded to a distinguished faculty member in a specific
discipline who is supported wholly or in part by funds given for this purpose.
These appointments are generally made on a one-year or other short-term basis,
subject to renewal depending on the practices and customs of the school in
which the appointment is made.(U.S.C.)
Sometimes confused with an Endowed Chair, although some positions, such as the
Gibbs Instructorship at Yale, are both Named and Endowed.

Naval Instructor

A title unique to Vanderbilt
University for faculty in the Navy ROTC program. (Vanderbilt)

Non-Instructional Faculty

The purposes of the non-instructional assignments are:
(a) to contribute to the professional growth of the faculty; (b) to improve the teaching and the curriculum across the University; and
(c) to enhance scholarship and the academic excellence of the University in ways that cannot be accomplished under the constraints of regular workload assignments. It is recognized that these purposes might be served by granting non-instructional assignments to promising faculty members with a variety of professional profiles, ranging from those who have engaged in little non-instructional work because of large teaching loads to those who have already distinguished themselves in non-instructional areas."
(Tenn. Tech.) Cf. Instructional Faculty.

Non-Principal Faculty

Faculty with adjunct, clinical or
joint appointments "who contribute to the [institution's] mission through part-time or voluntary participation in teaching and/or research, including clinical teaching and/or
research ... but their percent effort is less than the threshold required for Principal Faculty
." (Texas A&M) Cf. Principal Faculty.

Nonregular Faculty

Any faculty member other than Regular
Faculty. (U. Mo.) "Besides the members of the Regular
Faculty, other members of the faculty include visiting, adjunct, concurrent,
guest, and retired emeritus and emerita faculty, and lecturers." (Notre
Dame) This definition is not universal. At some institutions, a nonregular faculty member
"is a person who works less than full-time or who works full-time but is not appointed to a position that will last more than six consecutive months."
(Morehead St.)

Non-Resident Professor

An informal designation for a faculty
member who holds a title at one institution but is based at another. Often
such an appointment is subsumed by the Adjunct category.

Non-Standing Faculty

A infrequent term in used to mean Associated
Faculty. (U. of Pa.) Cf. Standing Faculty.

Non-Student Postgraduate Researcher

"Non-student PGR's are engaged in research. This title is not an entry level into the professional research series, although it may be possible to advance into that series when and if the appointee meets the qualifications."
(U. Ca. Davis)

Non-Teaching Faculty

One of many portions into which the faculty may be divided based
on function. The term is just as ambiguous as Teaching Faculty, however.
Non-teaching faculty "provide key academic services but not primarily in the
classroom [and] consist of such persons as the
registrar, the director of mentored ministry, professional librarians, and
administrators (who sometimes teach)." (Lincoln Christian Coll.) Cf.
Teaching Faculty.

Nontenurable Rank

A rank in a Series that cannot lead to Tenure.
A synonym of Untenurable Rank. Cf. Tenurable Rank.

Non-Traditional Track

A promotion sequence other than the Traditional
Track. "This track is aimed at those who provide functions that are critical for an academic health center, but whose responsibilities may not include the
effort in teaching, research, and clinical service that are present in other faculty tracks. Such functions may
include, but are not limited to, the provision of patient care; directing a research or clinical laboratory; the contribution of information (e.g., statistical consultation or analyses); providing support systems for academic endeavors (e.g., computer technology, informatics, networking, and software development)."
(U. Conn.)

Notice Contract

"A notice contract is a one-year
contract issued to an untenured probationary faculty member who the University
has determined is qualified for retention, but who cannot be retained at the
moment, for financial reasons or the restructuring of academic units. If
circumstances change, faculty members with notice contracts may be offered more
permanent appointments." (U. N.M.) Not, as one might expect, a
contact that can be terminated upon the giving of notice. At some
institutions a notice contract is of greater stability than a Term Contract
because it may carry an expectation of reappointment: "A faculty member
with a notice contract may expect the contract to be renewed unless otherwise
notified pursuant to the terms of the applicable contract." (Southwestern
Coll. KS)

Nursery School Assistant

A "graduate student who assists
in the teaching and activity programs of the [university] nursery school."
(U. Cal.)

Nursery School Teacher

An academic position responsible for
planning the programs of teaching and activity of a university nursery school.
(U. Cal.)

A designation indicating that an appointment is
nontenured. Abbreviated OID. (Harvard) Cf. of
Unspecified Duration. The most confusing term in this Handbook.
Logically, "of Indefinite Duration" ought to mean Indefinite Tenure,
i.e. Tenure. But it does not. The Harvard term for tenure is without Limit of Time,
which would seem to mean the same thing.

of Professional Practice In

A suffix designating faculty who have substantial professional
experience and expertise but who may lack the scholarly training and credentials
expected of the research faculty. (Columbia) Sample usage: "Associate
Professor of Professional Practice in Surgery," which is certainly
difficult to fit on a business card. See Practice
Faculty.

"Off-campus
or extension faculty teach at sites separate from the main campus."
(U. La. Lafayette)

Off-Ladder Rank

A rank not in the Tenure Track. (Barnard
Coll.) Cf. Ladder Faculty.

Off-Scale

"The salary for an appointee at a certain
rank and step is designated as off-scale if the salary is higher than the
published salary at the designated rank and step for the relevant title series."
(U. Cal. San Diego) See also Above Scale.

Officer of Extension

A member of the Extension Faculty at the
University of Vermont. (U. Vt.)

Officer of Instruction

Not a title per se, but a synonym at Columbia
University for a member of the Teaching Faculty as opposed to a member of the
Research Faculty, who is known as an Officer of Research. (Columbia)
Students who teach are commonly regarded as officers of instruction but are not
faculty members. The situation is complicated slightly by the fact that
Officers of Instruction are not in fact officers of the institution in any legal
sense.

Officer of the Libraries

Not a title per se, but a synonym at Columbia
University for members of the Library Faculty, who are untenured. (Columbia)
"This category consists of the Library Instructor, Library Assistant
Professor, Library Associate Professor, and Library Professor." (U. Vt.)

Officer of Research

Not a title per se, but a synonym at Columbia
University for a member of the teaching faculty as opposed to a member of the
research faculty, who is known as an Officer of Research. (Columbia) Cf.
Officer of Instruction.

The title stated in one's letter of
appointment. The Official Title must be one that the institution is
authorized to confer by its by-laws or other organic document. See Title.
Some institutions require the Official Title to be used in certain contexts, as
on stationery. Cf. Working Title.

A suffix indicating that the incumbent holds only
an appointment for a term of years and thus is not tenured. Normally
confined to the rank of Associate Professor or equivalent. See, e.g. Associate
Professor on Term.

Open-Ended Appointment

"Open-ended appointments are appointments
that do not have a specified ending date. Tenured instructional faculty and most
research scientists are on open-ended appointments." (U. Mich.) Cf.
Closed-Ended Appointment.

Operational Title

"An individual employee may also be hired
into a position using a Operational Title. This title is associated with the
person, rather than the position, and is used as the Directory title. When the
employee leaves the position, the Operational Title ceases to be in effect.
Operational titles need not correspond to the position's Classification Title;
however, the Classification Title legitimately assigned to the job can be used
as the Operational Title." (U. N.H.)

Ordinary Faculty

The Regular Faculty or
Core Faculty. "Those members of the faculty who, by reason of their qualifications, have been appointed to one of the four full-time ranks constitute the Ordinary Faculty of the University."
(Georgetown) This designation has the distinction of having been the
subject of a court interpretation in Katz v. Georgetown Univ., 246 F.3d 685, 288 (D.C. Cir. 2001).
The issue was whether Prof. Katz was a member of the Ordinary Faculty and thus
entitled to a one-year notice of the elimination of his position. Cf. Special Faculty.

Other Faculty

Faculty other than Regular
Faculty. "Other Faculty appointments are not tenured and do not accumulate credit towards
tenure ... Other Faculty are appointed for a fixed term of not more than three
years ... Other Faculty appointments are made only for positions in which the
principal responsibilities are classroom teaching, or scholarship or creative work, or
some combination of these." (Santa Clara
U.)

The interaction between an institution and its
surrounding community and society in general. Activities that are directed
outward toward the external constituency rather than the institution's own
students. "Outreach is teaching, research, and service that engages the University with external constituencies. Outreach activities generate knowledge, share resources, and apply the expertise of the
[institution] in ways that advance both the public good and University and unit missions."
(U. Mass Amherst) "'Outreach' has the meaning of extending our services beyond the boundaries of the university."
(U. Nev. Reno)

At the University of Pennsylvania, which has a
Board of Overseers, the equivalent of Regents Professor. Sometimes Board of
Overseers Professor. A very rare Honorific, apparently unique to the
University of Pennsylvania. (U. Pa.)

Part-time (generally)

A term with no generally accepted
meaning. It doesn't even necessarily mean "less than full-time."
At the University of Mississippi, for example, the definition "includes
(1) part-time employed fully engaged in teaching university classes, and (2)
full-time employees in other than academic units holding faculty rank." (U.
Miss.) "Part-time faculty are defined as those carrying less than 75
percent of the full-time load." (Seattle Pacific U.)

Partial Appointment

"A partial appointment is an appointment
that is less than 100% effort." (U. Mich.)

Participating Faculty

"Participating Faculty are officers of instruction who assist the University in teaching and research in varying degrees. The appointment may be full-time or part-time. Participating Faculty are not on a
Tenure Track and are not entitled to continued reappointment."
(Marquette)

Per-Course Faculty

1. "A per course faculty member is a part-time teacher appointed on a semester basis to teach no more than six semester hours. Per course faculty members always receive a one-semester contract only, and employment terminates automatically at the end of the semester."
(S.W. Mo. St.)

2. Faculty who serve an institution in a part-time capacity as lecturer,
senior lecturer or affiliate adjunct. (Our Lady of Holy Cross Coll.)

Performance (generally)

A suffix (applied in parentheses) to academic ranks involving instruction in
the performing arts. Sample usage: "Professor of Violin
(Performance). "In everyday usage, the parenthetic designation may be
removed from the titles of Assistant Professors, Associate Professors, and
Professors holding non-tenure Line appointments, but it is to remain in their
titles in official publications, personnel files, appointment and promotion
papers, administrative records, and other similar contexts."
(Stanford)

Performer-in-Residence

"The description of this position is basically equivalent to that
of artist-in-residence, except that the holder is a distinguished practitioner of the performing
arts whose service to the university and the community may include performances
available to the university community and to the region." (Old Dominion)

Permanent Appointment

"An appointment of more than one year that has no specified end date."
In other words, not necessarily a permanent appointment. (U. Cal. S.F.) An
"appointment of a faculty member to a professional title ... which
continues until a change in such title, resignation, retirement, or termination."
(SUNY Potsdam) Cf. Temporary Appointment.

Permanent Tenure

A term used at many institutions, equivalent in
meaning to Tenure. (N.C. State)

Personal Rank

An appointment based on the qualifications of
the incumbent rather than the responsibilities of the position. In a
system of personal ranks it is possible to receive regular promotions without a
change in the nature of one's job. Library Faculty typically follow
personal ranks. (U. Mich.) Cf. Position Rank.

Position Rank

An appointment carrying Rank based not on the
personal capabilities of the incumbent but on the responsibilities of the
position. Cf. Personal Rank.

Postdoctoral Associate

"A Post-Doctoral Associate is an individual who performs
complex research activity under the supervision of a Principal Investigator."
(Rutgers) "Appointments to special research faculty ranks, except the
rank of postdoctoral associate, are indefinitely renewable." (Va. Tech.)

Postdoctoral Fellow

A "person who has earned the doctorate (or its foreign equivalent) or the appropriate legal, medical, or dental degree but who is not an applicant or candidate for a degree
... Postdoctoral Fellows shall engage in research or teaching under the direction of a department of this University.
" (Marquette) "A Post-Doctoral Fellow is an individual who receives a grant
for post-doctoral study and training." (Rutgers)

Postdoctoral Research Associate

"An individual who holds a doctoral degree and is engaged in a program
of advanced research and training carried out by the guidance of University
faculty, but which program does not lead to a graduate degree." (U. Miss.)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow

"An individual who holds a doctoral degree and is engaged in an
independent program of research and training. The award is of the non-service
fellowship type for which no compensation is paid." (U. Miss.) A
"person engaged in research work in a specialized subject area for specific
funded research projects. The fellowship is primarily for the benefit of the
individual to aid the pursuit of study or research, and appointments are
normally made for a period of up to three years." (U. R.I.)

Postdoctoral Researcher

"Only individuals whose primary responsibility is conducting research and who often are paid from grant or contract funds are to be appointed
to [this rank ... and] must possess a Ph.D. or equivalent degree. They are expected to assist and perform specialized research routines under the general supervision of a member of the professorial ranks."
(U. Mont.) See also Senior Postdoctoral Researcher.

Postdoctoral Scholar

A member of the Research
Faculty. The incumbent has "a doctoral degree in the discipline and
will conduct research under the supervision of a faculty member holding
professorial rank." "In general, a postdoctoral research associate performs experiments in a scientific laboratory while a postdoctoral scholar engages in more theoretical research, often with computer data bases or in a library or archive and not usually in a scientific
laboratory." (U. Mont.)

Postgraduate Researcher

"This title is most often given to relatively short term researchers such as visiting students.
" (U. Cal. S.F.)

Post-MD

Academic title for an MD who is gaining
practical experience through service in a hospital. The lowest rank,
Post-MD I, is equivalent to Intern. The next rank, Post-MD II-IV, are
equivalent to Resident. (U. Cal.) See also Chief Post-MD Officer,
equivalent to Chief Resident. (U. Cal.)

Post-Retirement Faculty

Former regular faculty members who have retired
with a post-retirement teaching contract. (Evergreen Coll.) Cf. Emeritus.

Nontenured faculty who are not required to
engage in research but generally teach and practice professional activities.
These ranks allow the institution to retain excellent teachers and dedicated
administrators without the need for these persons to qualify for tenure based on
research performance. Decisions about appointment, renewal, and promotion of
practice faculty are based on assessment of teaching and service and on the
stated departmental needs in these areas. (Duke). "This category is intended for associate professors of practice and full professors of practice
... who continue to carry on distinguished practices in their field, and whose skills and knowledge are essential to the educational process.
(U. Pa.) See Professor
of the Practice of. Though often a component of a medical school, the
Practice Faculty may include artists, lawyers, architects, etc. Practice
Faculty titles are composed in several ways; commonly the word
"Practice" is used as a prefix or parenthetical suffix.
Examples: "Practice Associate Professor," "Assistant Professor
(Practice)."

A medical school Track for persons associated contractually with the
institution but who are immersed in clinical practice. "Their value to the school is that they provide clinical services to patients,
refer patients to ... clinical programs, may have been established in practice by
the school, and/or may serve as an outpatient site for teaching. Scholarship is not
essential, but is encouraged, particularly in terms of collaborating with or assisting other
... faculty members. Education is also of secondary importance in relation to service but
is encouraged as well, particularly clinical supervision of medical students, residents
and other clinical trainees." (Medical Coll. of Ohio)

The term Preceptor is
quite old. It is referenced in An Account of the College of New Jersey
(1764), but does not appear to have been a formal title until Woodrow Wilson
introduced it in 1905 at Princeton (the modern name for the College of New
Jersey), where it is no longer conferred as a formal title except for
Bicentennial Preceptor and University Preceptor. The concept of a
Clinical Preceptor is common in medical schools, but it is only occasionally
employed as a formal title. See also Senior Preceptor.

1. A title having several
varied meanings, covering nontenurable positions from the very junior, as at Columbia, to
the very senior, as at Boston University. At Columbia, a
preceptor a full-time candidate for a doctoral degree who has completed the
residence requirement for that degree and who is appointed for not more than
three consecutive years to offer part-time instruction under the direction and
supervision of an officer of higher rank. A preceptor's teaching load may
not exceed two course sections a term. A preceptor in the Graduate School
of Arts and Sciences will have normally completed the stated requirements for
the M.Phil. degree. (Columbia) At Boston University, the title is used in
the English and Modern Foreign Languages and Literatures Departments for a rank
roughly equivalent to Master Lecturer, namely someone with at least ten years of
demonstrated teaching excellence. (Boston U.) At Brown, the rank describes
faculty in any of the professions (e.g. writing, law, teaching, journalism) on
renewable term appointment who provides instruction in the practice of the
profession.

2. "This rank describes faculty in any of the professions (e.g. writing, law, teaching, journalism) on limited, i.e. term appointments, who provide instruction in the practice of the profession."
(Brown) The term is particularly prevalent in medical schools.
"A preceptor is an experienced nurse practitioner or physician who agrees to both assist and evaluate
... students as they go through the clinical program." (Loyola New Orleans)

3. An unranked,
untenured position "designed to free those faculty from what to them are the possible detrimental effects of the regular ranking
system ... A Preceptor has all the rights, benefits and responsibilities of a full-time faculty member, but does not hold any customary academic rank as indicated above, nor is s/he granted
tenure ... the Preceptor rank is considered as equivalent to the upper two academic ranks."
(Hope Coll.)

Prefixed Title

A Rank preceded by a modifier such as Adjunct, Clinical. Research, etc.,
denoting a nontenured position, e.g. Clinical Assistant Professor. (Thomas
Jefferson U.) A title for a Modified Rank.

Presidential (generally)

A prefix denoting an Honorific title whose recipient is generally chosen by
the President of the institution, often after considerable consultation with
senior faculty.

Presidential Professor

An uncommon Honorific. "Individuals who are under consideration
for appointment to the university faculty may, under exceptional circumstances,
be appointed by the president to the rank of Presidential Professor. This rank
is reserved for selected individuals whose achievements exemplify the highest
goals of scholarship as demonstrated by recognition accorded to them from peers
with national and international stature, and whose record includes evidence of a
high dedication to teaching." (U. Utah)

Presidential Research Professor

A
post established at Northern Illinois University in 1982 in recognition and
support of the research and artistic mission of the university. Recipients are
selected on the basis of significant and sustained scholarly or creative work,
including the achievement of national or international reputation in their
individual fields. After four years, the incumbent becomes a Distinguished
Research Professor. (N. Ill. U.)

Presidential Teaching Professor

A title apparently awarded only at Northern
Illinois University and the University of Maryland (Baltimore). "The NIU Presidential Teaching Professorships were established in 1991 to recognize and support faculty who excel in the practice of teaching. Recipients of this award have demonstrated over time their commitment to and success in the many activities associated with outstanding
teaching ... After four years as a Presidential Teaching Professor, each of these eminent faculty members is designated a Distinguished Teaching Professor."
(N. Ill. U.)

President's Teaching Scholar

The highest career teaching rank at the
University of Colorado. The "appointment of a faculty member as a President's Teaching Scholar represents the achievement of national or international recognition for exciting and original research in the discipline as evidenced by publications, and indicates that the appointee's creative work is of such character that the faculty member's presence elevates the standards and expectations of teaching and scholarship of colleagues both within their academic field and beyond."
(U. Col. Boulder)

Prestige Appointment

A term apparently unique to the University of
Toledo. "An adjunct appointment may be made without specified duties
at no salary for the purpose of associating an
individual with an academic program of a department.Such prestige appointments shall be for one (1) year or less and may be
renewed." (U. Toledo)

Primary Appointment

Generally, the appointment whose compensation
accounts for more than half of the incumbent's salary. Every other
appointment is a Secondary Appointment.

A Track and a title at the University
of Michigan for faculty whose primary responsibility is research created specifically to
distinguish them from both the instructional faculty and from other research
support staff. The Series is {Research Investigator, Assistant Research
Scientist, Associate Research Scientist, Research Scientist}. (U. Mich.)

Principal (generally)

A prefix denoting the highest rank of nontenured faculty at some institutions,
equivalent to Professor. The prefix may be followed by a variety of
designations indicating the incumbent's field of expertise. Examples:
Principal Research Programmer/Analyst, Principal Research Scholar. Sample
Series: {Research Scientist, Senior Research Scientist, Principal Research
Scientist}. (Carnegie Mellon).

Principal Agent

A tenured Cooperative Extension position equivalent in rank to
Professor. (U. Md.) See Agent. (Frostburg St.)

Principal Archivist

The highest rank in the Archivist Track,
equivalent to Professor. (Carnegie Mellon)

Principal Faculty

Faculty "who make a significant contribution of effort to the missions of the
[institution] in either the Tenure Track or the Non-Tenure Track." (Texas
A&M) Cf. Non-Principal Faculty.

Principal Investigator

Not an academic title, but an administrative
research role. "The principal investigator is the project director of
a research grant or contract with legal responsibility for seeing that the work
is carried out according to the terms, conditions, and policies of both the
sponsor and the university. The principal investigator is responsible for the
intellectual integrity of the work and for all required narrative and technical
reports." (Harvard)

Principal Lecturer

The highest rank in the Lecturer Track,
equivalent to Professor. (Carnegie Mellon)

Principal Librarian

The highest rank in the Librarian Track,
equivalent to Professor. (Carnegie Mellon)

Principal Research Associate

The highest rank of Research Associate,
equivalent to Professor. (MIT)

Principal Research Engineer

The highest rank of Research Faculty at some
institutions, equivalent to Professor. (Carnegie Mellon, Johns Hopkins)

Principal Research Fellow

A very senior title, common in Australia and the
UK, but virtually never granted at academic institutions in the US.

Principal Research Scholar

The highest Research Staff rank in the Research
Scholar Series. (Johns Hopkins)

Principal Research Scientist

The highest rank of Research Faculty at some
institutions, equivalent to Professor. (Carnegie Mellon, Johns Hopkins)

"A pro-rata faculty person may be a former
full-time faculty member who has chosen to semi-retire, a part-time faculty
member, an administrator who has semi-retired with a
part-time teaching appointment, or a staff or administrative person who is a
full-time employee and has a part-time teaching appointment. Pro-rata faculty
are assigned rank ... and are given an appointment equivalent to half-time or
more, but less than that of a full-time faculty member." (Southwestern
Coll. KS)

Pro-Rata Ranked Faculty

Ranked Faculty who serve the institution half-time or more, but not full-time. (Our Lady of Holy Cross Coll.)
"Pro-rata ranked faculty members are those who teach a designated percent of a full-time faculty teaching load (ordinarily one-half) and assume other responsibilities of student advisement, attendance at University and
department meetings, curriculum planning, and supervision of other department-related activities such as art studios, practicums and internships, radio and television studios."
(Marywood U.)

Pro Tempore Faculty

A designation unique to Brown University. Faculty appointed for extremely short periods of time in
conjunction with a specific function to be performed at the institution.
"Pro Tempore faculty appointment recognizes the contribution of scholars
visiting a Brown-affiliated hospital (or hospitals) for a maximum of two weeks
to conduct Grand Rounds or seminars, or to give lectures. The title shall be
first the rank the individual holds at his /her home institution, then a
specialty title approved by the Brown Corporation, and finally 'Pro Tempore.'
An example of a correct title is "Professor of Orthopaedics Pro
Tempore." Typically Pro Tempore faculty are appointed for a period of 1-3
days, but they may be appointed up for a period of up to a maximum of two
weeks." (Brown)

Probationary Appointment

A "probationary appointment" means that the person
has no expectation of employment beyond the end of the current appointment
period.(Ariz. State U.) "Refers
to tenure-track faculty members who have not received tenure and to academic
professionals, library faculty, and archive faculty who have not yet received an
extended-term contract." (U. Wyo.)

Probationary
Faculty

Faculty "with tenure-track appointments who have not yet
been granted or denied tenure." (Santa Clara U.)

Professional Courtesy Appointment

"A department at Ohio University
may provide an academic home to professional persons through special courtesy
appointments as a Research Scholar, Research Scientist, or Artist when mutually
beneficial to the individual and the department. Persons with these
appointments receive an annual letter of appointment that describes the nature
of their work with an appropriate title." (Ohio U.) A synonym for
meaning 2 of Courtesy Appointment.

Professional Faculty

1. Those Faculty not primarily engaged in
instruction or research, as opposed to the Regular
Faculty. Professional Faculty positions are
normally limited to librarians, counselors, extension agents, coaches,
physicians, and other professional positions servicing education, public
service, research, athletic, medical, student affairs, and development functions
or activities. (Va. Tech.) "Professional faculty appointments require advanced learning and experience acquired by prolonged formal instruction and/or specialized work experience. This category is normally limited to librarians, counselors, coaches, lawyers, physicians, dentists, veterinarians and other professional positions serving education, research, athletic, medical, student affairs, and development functions or activities."
(Va. Commonwealth U.) See also Special Professional Faculty.

1. A term for a member of the
Library Faculty. (Colby-Sawyer) "The title of Professional Librarian shall be accorded to a person whose regular
responsibilities include assignments in librarianship. Full-time Professional Librarians must possess an
ALA-accredited degree." (Wartburg Coll.)

2. A term for non-faculty librarians used
to distinguish them from those in the Tenure Track. "Distinct from the library positions defined as having faculty status
... Professional Librarians are appointed to academic support positions and as such are not tenurable in the College or eligible for faculty sabbatical leaves."
(Hamline U.)

Professional Practice

A suffix indicating a non-tenured faculty member
in the professions who is effective in teaching and service functions but whose
publication record does not merit appointment in the tenure track. Sample
usage: "Associate Professor - Professional Practice." (LSU)

A series of ranks for person engaged personally
and directly in research and not to those who duties are merely to provide
technical assistance to a research project. The title consist of one of
the three prefixes Assistant Research, Associate Research or Research, followed
by a professional job title, e.g. "Associate Research Physicist." (U.
Cal.) An appointment given to a researcher who holds a doctoral degree and has completed postdoctoral training.
(U. Cal. S.F.) Sometimes the Series is {Assistant Researcher, Associate Researcher,
Researcher}, in which case the specialty is omitted.

Professional Research Assistant

A nontenured title for individuals
capable of carrying out research or scholarly work of a quality
comparable to that produced by a graduate student research assistants. A
professional research assistant works in a collaborative role with the
principal investigator and contributes substantively to the investigation and
analysis of the project. As a collaborator on the project, the professional
research assistant may receive full credit as co-author of publications and
technical reports, and shares instructional responsibilities in the research
setting. An individual employed in this capacity is not enrolled in a graduate
program. The bachelor's degree or equivalent experience is required for
appointment to the professional research assistant title. (U.
Colorado at Boulder)

Professional Specialist

A designation used for members of the Special Professional
Faculty. The
range of titles also includes Associate Professional Specialist Assistant
Professional Specialist and Staff Professional Specialist. (Notre Dame)

Professional Track

One of two categories of Non-Regular Faculty at
the University of Missouri College of Agriculture. "This category
includes individuals whose titles include an opening designation of the position
focus (i.e., Teaching, Extension, or Research) and then one of three academic
faculty levels (Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, or Professor)."
(U. Mo.) See also Academic Associate.

Professional/Technical Faculty

"Professional-Technical Faculty means all employees who hold the rank of instructor or higher in professional
or technical programs ... These employees are eligible for promotion but not for tenure."
(Lewis & Clark Coll.)

At most institutions, the highest
rank of Regular Faculty. "Professor is the highest academic rank and is held by those who have been recognized by the College for their outstanding teaching, research and service, for their contributions to their disciplines, and their continuous professional growth and development; and through their involvement in institutional activities, their commitment to the well-being of the College, and wider community; and typically they will have gained recognition in their profession at the national or international level."
(Coll. of Charleston) "Individuals who have attained high
standards in teaching and who have made significant contributions to their
disciplines ... They shall also have developed expertise and interest in the
general problems of university education and their social implications, and have
shown the ability to make constructive judgments and decisions. It is
expected that the professor will continue to develop and mature with regard to
teaching, scholarly work, and the other qualities that contributed to earlier
appointments. ... Appointment or promotion to Professor represents a judgment on
the part of the department, college/school, and University that the individual
has made significant, nationally recognized scholarly or creative contributions
to his or her field and an expectation that the individual will continue to do
so. ... Professors are the most enduring group of faculty, and it is they who
give leadership and set the tone for the entire University. Thus, appointment or
promotion should be made only after careful investigation of the candidate's
accomplishments in teaching, scholarly work, and leadership." (U.
N.M.)

Professor Adjoint

"The titles
'professor or associate
professor adjoint' are used to designate individuals such as employees of
the NIST, NCAR, and similar agencies who offer courses or supervise academic
programs without compensation above their regular salary. Adjoint professors
have the usual privileges and responsibilities of members of the regular
instructional faculty, including that of membership in the Faculty Senate,
except that tenure is not included either initially or after an extended term.
Adjoint professors are not eligible for retirement benefits." (U. Colorado at
Boulder)

Professor Adjunct

Another
term for Adjunct Professor. "An
adjunct professorship will be recommended by the permanent faculty of a
discipline, and the recommendation will follow regular channels of academic
administrative approval. The title of 'assistant,' 'associate,' or 'professor adjunct' will be dependent upon
the last rank held by the individual in a comparable institution. If no
professional rank was held previously, and if the permanent faculty believes
the individual's qualifications and experience warrant it, t he title of 'assistant professor adjunct' normally would be recommended. Adjunct
professors will not be entitled to any benefits or privileges associated with
regular, full-time faculty status other than those already explained together
with an honorarium fee for teaching. In no other way does the University of Colorado
obligate itself to individuals accepting the status of adjunct professor. (U. Colorado at Boulder)

Professor Alumna, Professor Alumnus

"Any full-time faculty member with ten or more years of
service at Iowa Wesleyan College who is not given the title Professor Emeritus and who
voluntarily leaves employment with the College

may be assigned the honorary title of
Professor Alumnus by the
President upon recommendation of the Vice President for Academic Affairs." (Iowa
Wesleyan Coll.) The definition is substantially the same at St. Johns
University.

Professor At

An obscure clinical usage at Columbia meaning that
the incumbent is not employed by Columbia but is with an affiliated hospital or
institute, e.g. "Professor at the Molecular Sciences Institute."
The title is very difficult to recognize since it is common to refer to a
Professor at Harvard, for example, as Professor at Harvard. In that
context, "at" has no special significance.

Professor-at-Large

At
Brown, the Professor-at-Large title is reserved for scholars of exceptional
distinction who are invited to teach at Brown as visiting faculty in order to
enhance the existing strengths of particular academic programs or meet special
needs. The terms of appointment may be for periods ranging from a few weeks to
several years. (Brown) "There may be elected to the rank of
professor-at-large those individuals who have achieved outstanding international
distinction in the humanities, the natural or social sciences, or the learned
professions, or have achieved such distinction and have demonstrated broad
intellectual interests through their activity in such fields as public affairs,
literature or the creative arts." (Cornell)

A principally
foreign designation used as a Courtesy title at Duke University. (Duke)

Professor in Practice

"The position of professor in practice is intended for individuals who are pursuing careers combining professional practice, teaching, and academic service. The position is reserved for individuals who are effective teachers and whose creative work in design or professional practice, or a combination thereof, is recognized by peers as a significant contribution to the field. Appointments are made with tenure on less than a full-time basis."
(Harvard)

Professor-in-Residence

1. A Series in the University of
California medical schools for persons who "will contribute with
distinction in the areas of teaching, research, University and public service,
and professional competence and activities." (U. Cal.)

2. Professor in Residence titles are intended to be used
for individuals supported by non-State funds (U. Cal)

A high-level but non-tenured rank, particularly at
Yale. "Persons who have achieved exceptionaldistinction as practitioners or performers in a field may be candidates for
appointment as professor in the field. Candidates must show evidence of
exemplary ability to teach the skills of their field. They must also show
evidence, through past achievement and future promise, that they will advance
the practice and understanding of their field at the highest level. ...
Appointments to this rank are expected to be rare." (Yale)

Professor in the Graduate School

"An honorific title to recognize emeritus
faculty who continue to be active in the graduate teaching and research programs
of the department." (Berkeley)

Professor
Librarian

The
highest Librarian rank at George Mason University, an Administrative faculty
position at the level of Professor. The full Series is {Instructor
Librarian, Assistant Professor Librarian, Associate Professor Librarian,
Professor Librarian}. (George Mason)

An individual usually on external funding, and engaged in
teaching or research only as an ancillary responsibility. Commonly located in a
health service delivery department (e.g., a Department of Anesthesiology). In
this case "Clinical" modifies the discipline rather than the rank and
a location shall be specified (e.g., Associate Professor of Clinical
Anesthesiology at the L.A. County / USC Medical Center).(U.
Cal., U. Cinn.) The usual Series is {Assistant Professor of Clinical,
Associate Professor of Clinical, Professor of Clinical}. (Sometimes Instructor
in is added at the low end of the Series.) "The title Professor of Clinical
(subject) designates a faculty member in the Medical Center who has responsibilities for patient care, but very limited or no responsibilities in teaching or research."
(Vanderbilt)

Professor of Law for Designated Project or Service

An administrative designation, not used as actual
title. "The rank of Professor of Law for Designated Project or Service is to be accorded to persons
... who meet the minimum qualifications for an Assistant Professor and hold a funded contract position
[that] will pay more than half of the person's salary. A Professor of Law for Designated Project or Service will be ineligible for tenure
[and] will be expected to teach in the Law School at least one course (3 credits) per year and to serve on faculty committees appropriate to the position and perform public service to the same extent as other faculty.
" (Pace U.)

Professor of Professional Practice

An officers of instruction who possess
"substantial professional experience and expertise to meet the specialized instructional needs in the creative and performing arts, e.g. architecture, dance, music, theatre, visual arts and writing.
Appointments to these ranks are made only when there are compelling departmental interests."
The Series is {Assistant Professor of Professional Practice, Associate Professor
of Professional Practice, Professor of Professional Practice} (Barnard Coll.)
"Faculty who have substantial professional experience and expertise but who may lack the scholarly training and credentials expected of the research faculty."
(Columbia)

Professor of Research

1. A temporary appointment to the
Research Faculty. The Series is {Assistant Professor of Research,
Associate Professor of Research, Professor of Research}. (U. Okla.)

2. A Collateral Faculty position at
the University of Minnesota for those "engaged primarily in research but with significant responsibility for teaching, advising, and examining-especially graduate students (25% time or more)."
(U. Minn.)

3. A medical school title at the
University of Southern California, equivalent to Research Professor but naming a
discipline as a suffix, e.g. Professor of Research Medicine. (U.S.C.)

A full-time nontenured teaching designation
ordinarily reserved for persons whose responsibility consists of instruction in
professional practice activities, such as law and medicine. The usual
Series is {Instructor in the Practice of, Assistant Professor of the Practice
of, Associate Professor of the Practice of, Professor of the Practice of}.
(Vanderbilt) "This title may be used to appoint individuals who have
demonstrated excellence in the practice as well as leadership in specific
fields. The appointee shall have attained regional and national prominence and,
when appropriate, international recognition of outstanding achievement.
Additionally, the appointee shall have demonstrated superior teaching ability
appropriate to assigned responsibilities." (U. Md. System) At some institutions, such as Duke, Professor of the Practice
of is simply the nontenured equivalent of Professor, not necessarily connoting
any connection with professional practice. (Duke) See also Practice
Faculty.

Professor Without Tenure

This term requires explanation since appointments at the
Professor level normally carry tenure. At MIT, "An emeritus professor
may be appointed as a professor without tenure (retired) by the appropriate
department head with approval of the responsible dean and the Provost. Normally,
the duration of this appointment will be limited to a maximum of five years and
may be full or part time, paid or unpaid; however, the maximum paid appointment
is 49 percent." (MIT) A small number of institutions grant the
Professor title without tenure, such as Brown and Western Washington
University. "While a faculty member may upon rare occasions receive
an initial appointment as a professor without tenure, in no event shall a
faculty member initially hired as an assistant or associate professor be
promoted to professor before he or she receives tenure. A faculty member may not
be promoted and tenured in the same academic year." (Lewis & Clark
Coll.) See also Professor WOT.

Professor WOT

There
are two kinds of appointment to the professorial ranks that are "without
tenure" (WOT). The more common is for persons in non-state-funded
positions; it is referred to as "without tenure by reason of
funding." This title is usually held by persons who concentrate on
research activities but also do some amount of instruction. (U. Wash.)
"The other "without tenure" appointment is used only for an Associate Professor or full Professor. The appointment is limited to three years and is intended to lead to the granting of tenure.
It is used for a person whose record at the time of initial appointment lacks some of the evidence required for tenure (for example, a distinguished scholar without teaching
experience)" (U. Wash.)

Professorial
Lecturer

A
nontenured title having no standard meaning.

1. "A
fixed term part-time appointment [not to exceed five years]... for former
tenured members of Pittsburg State University [KS] Faculty who, after
retirement, seek limited reemployment with the University." (Pittsburg St.
U.) "An appointment without term available to retired professors teaching no
less than one seminar per year." (Yale)

2.
A title
"usually be awarded to individuals with
doctoral degrees who hold primary, permanent appointments at other institutions
and by invitation participate in the functions of a department of the Mount
Sinai School of Medicine on a limited basis."(Mt. Sinai)

Professorial Rank

Normally one of
the Regular Faculty ranks. The designation is confusing because many
persons whose titles include the word Professor, such as Research Professor, are
not of Professional Rank. "Professorial rank means the rank of assistant professor, associate professor, professor, or distinguished professor."
(N.J. Inst. of Tech.) At some institutions the rank of Instructor is
included and Distinguished Professor is not.

Professoriate

A rather stilted term meaning
"roster of faculty," or the concept of faculty in the abstract. (LSU, Stanford) Use of fancy sobriquets and
titles there's no glory at/Once you know precisely what is meant by
"professoriate."

Professorship

1. In common usage, a position
usually Endowed, that is occupied by a faculty member,
whether nor not at the rank of professor. Example: Gore Professor of
Chemical Engineering. (U. Del.)

2. Grammatically, a term that should
mean "the quality of being a professor," just as
"penmanship" means the quality of being a penman. However, it is
virtually never used in this sense.

Program
Instructor

A
nursing school rank for individuals new to practice, research, or graduate
teaching. (Yale Nursing)

This modifier applies to the appointment of a
person who is not fully qualified for an academic rank but who expects to
acquire such qualification in a short period of time. The appointments are
normally for a limited period of time, generally no longer than one year. Such appointments do not carry eligibility for tenure or permanent status during
the duration of the appointment, and persons holding such appointments have no
continuing contractual relationship with the University. Time spent in the
appointment may be counted as tenure or permanent-status eligible service. (U.
Fl.) The designation is normally limited to the junior ranks Provisional
Assistant Professor and Provisional Instructor.

A concept, rarely expressed in print, describing
the tendency of modern institutions to award job security, short of formal Tenure,
to senior faculty and academic ranks to attract and retain superior
talent. The mechanism commonly used is to create positions from which the
incumbent cannot be terminated except for cause or lack of funding, or for
which a lengthy period of notice is required before termination.

A nontenured title in schools of public health
analogous to Research Professor but in the Professional Track. The Series
comprises Assistant Public Health Professor, Associate Public Health Professor
and Public Health Professor. (Johns Hopkins)

Public Service Faculty

"Public service faculty have major
responsibilities for college (or departmental/school) based public service
programs (including applied research, technical assistance, and community and
professional development training and education) with on-going responsibilities
for regularly scheduled undergraduate and/or graduate instruction and
advisement, and with the balance of workload involving clinical and professional
practice supervision, and related professional and scholarly
contributions." (U. Del.)

Qualified Academic Rank

The term for Qualified Rank at the University of
Alaska, where is comprises exclusively titles with the prefix Adjunct,
Affiliate, Clinical, Research or Visiting. (U. Alaska) "Rank held by those members of the
academic staff having titles of lecturer, or titles of academic rank preceded by
the designations `clinical' or `visiting' or other similar designations." (SUNY
Cortland)

Qualified Rank

Generally one of the nontenured ranks, normally
preceded by a prefix of qualification such as Visiting. "Qualified ranks are used primarily to
designate faculty members whose primary contributions will be in one area of
academic activity. For example, the "Research" prefix is
appropriate for faculty members whose activities are primarily in research;
"Clinical" for those teaching in a clinical environment as part of an
established academic program; "Adjunct" for those with appropriate
professional qualifications who perform teaching or research in connection with
an academic program." (SUNY Buffalo) Also Qualified Academic
Rank. Cf. Unqualified Rank.

The level of an academic appointment
measured against a sequential Series. Rank is not a universal
attribute of academic positions. "Academic rank is not provided for
by the state board policy. Therefore, Wayne Community College does not use a
system of faculty ranking except title of "department head" and
"division head." (Wayne C.C.) See also Personal Rank, Position Rank.
Cf. Step.

The
Regular Faculty, the definition of which varies by institution. "A ranked faculty member is a full-time or pro-rata employee of
the college who has been appointed to one of the four regular academic ranks:
instructor, assistant professor, associate professor, or professor."(Southwestern College KS) "The
term ‘ranked faculty’ means faculty holding academic ranks of instructor,
assistant professor, associate professor, full professor and above, i.e. eminent
scholar, graduate research professor, distinguished service professor or
distinguished curator." (U. Fl.) Cf. Titled
Faculty, Unranked Faculty.

Reader

A student employed to render diverse
services as course assistants, which will normally include the grading of
student papers and examinations. A Reader's duties may also include: attendance
at lectures, office hours, consultation with the instructor, and other duties as
assigned. Readers may not perform teaching duties. (U. Cal. Berkeley)
Cf. Special Reader.

Recall Appointment

"Academic appointees with Tenure
or Security of Employment (SOE) who have retired from the University of
California may be recalled to active service on a year-to-year basis." (U.
Cal.)

Reduced Appointment

"A Reduced appointment is an appointment requiring action of the Board, in which, by mutual agreement between the faculty member and the Board, a Tenured faculty member may be assigned a fraction of the Tenured faculty member's normal workload and receive a proportional fraction of the Tenured faculty member's salary."
(N. Mich. U.)

Reduced-Load
Faculty

"Reduced-load faculty are those who are
Ranked [Faculty] ... and who hold an appointment which is less than full-time but ordinarily half-time or more."
(St. Johns U.) "A reduced-load appointment is a regular or term appointment which involves teaching on a less than full-time basis but not less than 50% of a full load. Such an appointment differs from a part-time appointment in that it is an appointment to the teaching faculty and it carries other faculty responsibilities beyond teaching.
" (Calvin Coll.)

Regental Professor

Any faculty member who is awarded the Nobel Prize or who has
in the past been awarded the Nobel Prize may, upon recommendation of the
president of the component institution, the appropriate Executive Vice
Chancellor, and the Chancellor, be given the title Regental Professor.Because of the great honor associated with
the award of a Nobel Prize, institutional tenure is awarded to Regental
Professors by virtue of the appointment to this rank. (U. Texas)

Regents

A
prefix denoting an Honorific awarded by the Regents of an institution or their
designee, such as the Chancellor. (U. Cal. system)

Regents
Distinguished Professor

An
Honorific used at a small number of institutions. The title was adopted by
Kansas Legislature in 1964 "to attract to Kansas established scholars whose research projects augment the state's economic and industrial development."
(Kansas St.)

Regents’ Lecturer

An Honorific in the University of
California and New Mexico systems. "The Regents' Lecturer's achievements in
agriculture, banking, commerce, engineering, industry, labor, law, medicine, or
any other nonacademic field in the arts, sciences, or professions are
equivalent to those on which appointments to regular University lectureships
are based."(UCLA)

Regents Professor

An Honorific equivalent to University
Professor. The title "regents' professor"
is conferred on selected members of the ... tenured faculty who have achieved
and are sustaining the highest level of distinction by their
exceptional contributions to the mission of the university in research or other creative activity and in teaching or professional service.
(Ariz. State) "A Regents'
Professor serves for a semester/quarter or an academic year at the University
of California upon the invitation of the President of the University and with
the approval of the Board of Regents. The Regents' Professor's achievements in
agriculture, banking, commerce, engineering, industry, labor, law, medicine, or
any other nonacademic field in the arts, sciences, or professions are
equivalent to those on which appointments to regular University professorships
are based." (UCLA) In the State University System of Florida, the
incumbent must be a former Chancellor or President of a university in the State
University System who has provided distinguished service to the State University
System. Regents' professorships may be granted by the Board of Regents to
outstanding faculty members who are contributing to the academic standing of the
institution. (Ga. State)

Regents Researcher

The
Honorific "Regents' Researcher titles may be granted by the Board of Regents to outstanding full-time principal researchers
... only upon the unanimous recommendation of the president, the appropriate vice president, and three members of the faculty to be named by the president, and upon the approval of the Chancellor and the Committee on Education, Research and Extension."(U. Ga.) At other institutions, such as
the University of Nevada, a title awarded annually to an outstanding researcher.
(U. Nev. Las Vegas)

Regents Service Professor

An
honorary title apparently conferred only by Oklahoma State University.
"Appointment to this position may be given to administrators who have
rendered meritorious service to the University over many years and desire to be
relieved of administrative duties and return to resident instruction, extension,
or research positions. Appointments shall be made for a period of four years and
subject to renewal." (Okla. St.)

Registrar

An
administrative post normally considered part of the Administrative Faculty.
(Iowa Wesleyan Coll.) This includes the titles of Assistant Registrar,
Associate Registrar, Senior Registrar and University Registrar. "The
Registrar shall be responsible to the president for the registration of
students, the determination of eligibility for graduation, preparation of class
schedules, catalogues and bulletins, maintenance of records, research analysis
of problems in the areas of curriculum, admission, and scholastic
standards." (CUNY)

The Regular Faculty
consists of tenured faculty, tenure-track faculty, persons in acting faculty
positions, and instructors who have been given a guarantee of continuing
employment.(U.
Miss.) Synonyms: Career Faculty, Standard Faculty,
Standing Faculty. Cf. Other Faculty, Support
Faculty.

Remedial Tutor

"Remedial tutors assist students (either one-on-one or in group sessions) with acquiring the necessary skills to excel in challenging learning environments."
(UCLA)

Renewable Position

"A renewable position is a non-tenurable, 'visiting' position to which reappointment for successive one-
or two-year terms is possible." (Hamilton Coll.)

Renewable Term Appointment

"Renewable term appointments are intended to attract faculty of distinction to meet long-term staffing needs and to provide appointees with a degree of job security while retaining for the university the ability to shift staffing resources as programmatic needs fluctuate. Each RTA contract is for a specified term, but it may be renewed at the option of the university. The university may decide not to renew an RTA contract for any reason that does not violate the faculty member's academic freedom."
(James Madison U.)

Reorganization Appointment

An appointment of a faculty member
presently at the institution to a different or new position as a consequence of
a reorganization. "As a
result of internal reorganizations, units may wish to appoint current employees
to different or newly created positions.Such
instances offer valuable opportunities for promoting knowledgeable and
experienced campus personnel to positions of greater responsibility and
leadership.

" (La. Tech.)

Replacement Faculty

"Replacements are persons appointed
to substitute for regular members of either the temporary or permanent
instructional staff who are expected to return to duty at the College."
(Smith Coll.) "The University may appoint faculty
members as adjunct faculty, visiting faculty, or pro-rata temporary faculty to
replace faculty on leave for the duration of such leave." (Jacksonville St.
U.) "Service in such contracts does not count for tenure, promotion, or sabbatical leave unless such service is recognized by the Dean of the College at the time of offering a probationary contract."
(Hamline U.)

Research

1. A prefix indicating membership in the Research
Faculty, e.g. Research Associate Professor.

3.
A
parenthetical suffix denoting a non-tenured academic position devoted to
research. Example: Associate Professor (Research). "In everyday
usage, the parenthetic designation may be removed from the titles of Assistant
Professors, Associate Professors, and Professors holding non-tenure line
appointments, but it is to remain in their titles in official publications,
personnel files, appointment and promotion papers, administrative records, and
other similar contexts." (Stanford) "Faculty appointments in the Professorial ranks with the suffix "(Research)" are provided for individuals who devote their primary efforts to research, the area of such research having been identified by the division, department or program as being an integral part of its mission."
(Brown)

Research
Administrator

"Has management and administrative responsibilities for units
that support faculty members and other professionals in their research efforts."
(Ariz. State U.)

Research
Affiliate

1.
"An
honorary appointment by the Board of Regents of an individual outside the University faculty and staff,
whose affiliation would enhance the University's stature and contribute to its development. This
title provides an honorary connection with the University parallel to that offered to
'Members of the Affiliate Graduate Faculty'." (U. Hawaii) "The
academic appointment of research affiliate recognizes the status of an
individual with whom the Institute wishes to acknowledge some degree of
association. Research affiliates characteristically have no specific duties and
are typically not in residence; appointments are with or without term."
(MIT)

2.
A junior nontenured research position. "The
appointment of research affiliate is given to individuals who hold the Ph.D. or
have equivalent training and are engaged in scholarly or scientific research in
association with a faculty member or member of a research group." (Yale)

Research Aide

"Duties are those of a technician used to support professional research
personnel and shall be distinctly different from those of a Graduate Research Assistant. Research participation as a Research Aide will not be an acceptable subject
for either a thesis or a dissertation." (U. Mo.)

Research Analyst

A
researcher reporting to a member of the Research Faculty. "Research Analysts must have a Master's degree and research experience. There is no direct transition into faculty positions from these categories."
(U. Md. Baltimore)

A person having a baccalaureate working directly
engaged in research the sciences: natural or
life sciences, physical sciences and social sciences, under
the direction of a Principal Investigator or faculty member who directs the
research, and expected to
make scholarly contributions to the research specialty by assisting faculty in
identifying and selecting problems for investigation, planning experiments and
evaluating, interpreting and publishing results. A Research Assistant may participate in
aspects of teaching, but has no formal responsibility for teaching or course
content. (U. Conn.)

Research Assistant
Instructor

"Therank of assistant instructor (including clinical assistant instructor,
adjunct assistant instructor, research assistant instructor)shall be held by a faculty member with a bachelor's degree; and if
appropriate, with a certificate, licensure, or registration in his or her fields
of specialization." (Drexel)

Research
Assistant Professor

Equivalent
to Assistant Research Professor, a non-tenure track position with the rank of
Assistant Professor. See Research Professor.

Research Associate

A
faculty position for a person "whose major responsibilities relate to
performance of specific research." (U. Md.) A
nontenured title for "persons possessing the doctor's degree or its equivalent and whose
academic qualifications [are] comparable to the regular faculty ranks of
assistant professor or associate professor." (U. Colorado at
Boulder)

"Research Associate is considered a junior
rank equivalent to instructor. Appointment to the rank of Research Associate
requires completion of professional training, in many fields marked by the
Ph.D., and the promise of a successful career in research. The appointment
normally serves to advance the competence of a person who has recently completed
professional training or the Ph.D."(U. of Washington)

Research
Associate Professor

Equivalent
to Research Associate Professor, a non-tenure track position with the rank of
Associate Professor. "Appointment at, or promotion to, the level of Research
Associate Professor will require documented evidence of an independent and
productive research career, including a published record of completed investigative reports and funded research projects. Such an individual should be known at the state and national
level for his or her particular research expertise. The teaching contributions shall be at a more advanced level than that
required for Research Assistant Professor." (U. Ariz.) See Research Professor.

Research Computer Scientist

A Research
Faculty position equivalent to Assistant Professor. (Carnegie Mellon)

An academic staff position for engineers having a
doctoral degree who perform some or all of the following functions: engage in
research, seek outside funding, manage research projects and train junior
investigators. The Series is Assistant Research Engineer, Associate Research
Engineer and Research Engineer. (U. Iowa, U. Texas)

Faculty
members whose primary duties are to conduct research activities will be given a
title within the research associate or research professor series. Faculty
members who are not involved in the instructional pro gram will be appointed
within the research associate series; those who are involved in the
instructional program will be given a title within the research professor
series.(U.
Colorado at Boulder) "The purpose of Research Faculty appointments is
to increase the quality and productivity of the research programs in the
University by permitting the appointment of scholars to the faculty on a
non-tenure basis in order to participate in and cooperate with the research
efforts of faculty with tenure significant appointments." (U. Pa.)

Research Fellow

A nontenured junior research position. At Brown,
Research Fellows are distinguishable from other research staff ranks primarily
by the fact that they usually bring their own funds to the University, even if
after the award is made the awarding agency requests that the University
administer the funds. (Brown) At Dartmouth, Research Fellow is simply a title
given to Visiting Faculty engaged in research. (Dartmouth)

Research Instruction Assistant Professor

A title, apparently used only at the
University of Missouri, so rare that it might be a typographical error. (U. Mo.)

Research Instruction Associate Professor

A title, apparently used only at the
University of Missouri, so rare that it might be a typographical error. (U. Mo.)

Research Instruction Professor

A very rare title, apparently used
only at the University of Alabama Medical School. (U. Ala.)

Research Instructor

1. Generally the lowest rank of the Research
Faculty. "Appointment to the level of Research Instructor will
be recommended upon completion of postdoctoral fellowship or equivalent training. Appointment will be based largely
upon evidence of research potential. Research Instructors are responsible mainly for research."
(U. Ariz.) "Appointment to this rank requires qualifications, except
for teaching effectiveness, that correspond to those for the rank of instructor."
(U. Idaho)

2. "This title would be used for persons holding the master's
degree or its equivalent and who are otherwise well qualified to participate in
the undergraduate instructional program." (U. Colorado at Boulder)

Research Investigator

The
lowest rank in the Primary Research Scientist Track at the University of
Michigan, equivalent to Instructor. "The initial primary research rank recognizes persons who hold a doctoral degree or its equivalent in professional and technical experience and who have shown special ability as independent researchers at least to the level of postdoctoral work. Some record of publications is expected of persons appointed to this rank, along with evidence of potential for obtaining external funding."
"A Research Investigator performs basic or applied research of limited scope using primarily existing theories
and methods. A Research Investigator will usually be under the supervision of an established member of
the Instructional or Research Faculty." (U. Mich.)

Research
Lecturer

A strange title,
seemingly contradictory, since Lecturer is a teaching position, but
"Research" indicates a research position. But the title simply
means a junior faculty member not in the Tenure Track. (U. N.M.) A "qualified
research professional, appointed either full-time, part-time (less than 51%), or voluntary, to assist in one or more aspects of the
research programs of the department." (U. Ariz.)

Research
Professional

1.
A term for Research Faculty. (Mont. St. U.) "Full-time research professional positions are usually, but not always, supported from grants or contracts. Consequently, renewal of appointment and salary level usually depend on the successful renewal of outside support and the level of funding."
(U. Ga.)

2.
A Special Faculty position at Oklahoma State University. The incumbent
performs a wide variety of research-related tasks requiring advanced
training and skills and carried out with varying levels of independence.
"Each academic professional has one of these job titles at the rank of either assistant, associate, or
full/senior."
(Ariz. State U.)

A nontenured appointment in the Research Track
equivalent to Professor. A member of the
academic staff who is

independently
engaged in research in an academic discipline. A Ph.D. or other

terminal degree and the experience and/or knowledge
required to conduct

research
activities at the level of a principal investigator or co-principal

investigator are ordinarily required for this title
Series, which also includes, variously, Assistant Research Professor, Associate
Research Professor, Research Instructor, Research Assistant Professor, Research
Associate Professor and the other listed titles with the prefix Research.

(U. Wisc.)

At some institutions, such as New York University,
the title of Research Professor, though normally untenured, may be conferred as
an honor upon a faculty member who already has tenure. (NYU)

1. "The titles of Research Scholar and Research Scientist are used for appointments associated with the conduct of
self-supported research. Individuals holding these titles are expected to apply
for grants as Principal Investigators and support their own research activities
through such grants.

The work of the Research Scientist and the Research Scholar
is similar. The choice of whether to use 'Scientist' or 'Scholar' depends on which is the more commonly used term for the
discipline. 'Scientist' is usually preferred in the physical or biological
sciences and 'Scholar' in the humanities. Since these are not faculty appointments, responsibilities
do not include an educational role, such as serving as a major advisor or on
graduate committees. ... These are non-tenure track, end-date appointments, ordinarily
confined to a maximum of one year, paid from the research grants generated by
the incumbents."(U. Conn.) See also Assistant Research Scholar.

2. One of a set of Research Staff titles
in the Series {Assistant Research Scholar, Associate Research Scholar, Research
Scholar, Principal Research Scholar,}, equivalent to Associate Professor. (Johns
Hopkins)

3. "The title 'research scholar'
should be used in those disciplines in which 'scholar' best describes the
activity of a researcher. In either case, the work of the individual so
titled is likely to be that of the principal or co-principal investigator on a
grant or contract. This individual would be expected to engage in activities
such as planning, directing, and participating in complex scientific or other
scholarly projects, supervising project staff, administering a research project,
identifying problem areas, formulating proposals, designing new studies, and
developing applications." (N. Ill. U.)

4. "Research Scientist and Research Scholar are non-salaried positions which carry neither teaching responsibilities nor other privileges associated with faculty appointment. They do provide the person with institutional identity for the purpose of conducting scholarly research."
(Barnard Coll.)

An
untenured faculty research position, generally carrying no teaching
responsibilities. Also, a concrete title in the Series {Associate Research
Scientist, Research Scientist, Senior Research Scientist}, equivalent to
Assistant Professor, etc. At Carnegie Mellon the sequence is Research
Scientist, Senior Research Scientist, Principal Research Scientist. (Carnegie
Mellon) Note that at Carnegie Mellon Research Scientist is the lowest rank
in the Series. At most institutions it is the middle rank, while at the
University of Michigan it is the highest. See also Primary
Research Scientist, Research Scholar.

Research
Specialist

The
Research Specialist carries out specific research objectives or other projects
defined by the Principal Investigator. (S.W. Mo. St.) "The
requirements for the rank of Research Specialist are the same as those for a
Research Assistant Professor, except that the Research Specialist may not yet
possess the doctor's degree or its equivalent in certain fields." (Notre Dame)

Research
Staff Member

Normally
an industrial title, this is also a research staff position at Princeton
University. (Princeton)

At
Boston University, an entry-level research appointment involving laboratory
work. The corresponding non-laboratory position is Research
Assistant, although the meanings of these titles vary. The Series is
{Research Technician, Senior Research Technician, Supervisory Research
Technician}. (Boston U.)

Research
Technologist

An
academic staff position for one who "lends high-level technical support to assist faculty and other
professionals in their research efforts." (Ariz. State U.)

Research Track

A
nontentured Series of positions emphasizing research rather than
instruction. Sample title: Research Associate Professor. "Research Track appointments to the Faculty are normally used for full-time Faculty who are engaged largely in research endeavors (usually 80% or more) and instruction, and who are not involved in patient care. The primary criterion for appointment and promotion will be excellence in collaborative or independent research. Faculty on this track must have an
'obvious instructional component' included in their professional activities, and which is verified and evaluated in the annual review process for renewal of appointment."
(Duke)

Researcher

"Researchers provide technical
expertise in a research or

scientific project at a more
comprehensive and independent level than a Research

Specialist.
Solves problems in
research, development, and applications by

applying discipline-related skills
normally gained from the completion of an

advanced degree.
May assist in the
development of grant applications and the

preparation and presentation of
reports of research results, and in informal

instruction of research students.

"(U. Wisc.)

Resident

1. A "medical school graduate (M.D. or D.O.) who is participating in
an accredited residency training program for the minimum number of years required
for medical specialty (or subspecialty) accreditation." (U. Cal.) Sometimes Hospital Resident.

2. A general term meaning
"on-campus." For example, a Resident Scholar is a person who is
devoting time to institution activities through physical presence though
normally employed or located elsewhere.

Resident Artist

An In-Residence position in the
arts. "The Resident Artist appointment category
is specifically available to accommodate the employment of faculty providing
practical instruction in the performing and visual arts, when the interest of
the faculty member or the demand for such faculty requires less than a permanent
position." (U. N.H.)

Resident Assistant Professor

A member of the Resident Faculty with
rank equivalent to Assistant Professor. (Creighton U.)

Resident Associate Professor

A member of the Resident Faculty with
rank equivalent to Associate Professor. (Creighton U.)

"The Resident Faculty are
temporary full-time faculty members compensated by the University who perform
University teaching, research, service and, if appropriate to the position,
clinical activity." (Creighton U.) The usual Series is {Resident
Instructor, Resident Assistant Professor, Resident Associate Professor, Resident
Professor}.

Resident Instruction (generally)

1. "[D]irect contact instruction which involves the physical presence of both the learner and the instructor at the same regularly scheduled location.
Resident instruction also may involve independent study and clinical activities with characteristics similar to distance education."
(W. Ct. St. U.) Resident Instruction includes "preparation for and
instructing all scheduled classes and laboratories; necessary review of the
literature; academic advising; conducting seminars; supervising research for
these and/or dissertations (this may also be performed under the research
function), and other scholarly and creative instructional activities; and
arranging and guiding field activities." (Okla. St.) Cf. Non-Resident
Instruction.

"A Resident Scholar has status as an
officially appointed member of a college, program, department, or other unit of
the University. The status is granted only to persons who have distinguished
themselves as scholars and is a non-compensated position. A Resident Scholar
shall continue his or her scholarly activities under the aegis of the appointing
unit. The full title of a given Resident Scholar will include the name of the
appointing unit, e.g., Resident Scholar in Philosophy." (Marquette)

Resident Supervisor

"Teachers who have demonstrated outstanding ability to instruct and assist beginning teachers and who themselves provide outstanding models of teaching. Resident supervisors assume full responsibility for the supervision and evaluation of student teachers or interns and are freed from certain normal teaching duties to carry out these tasks. (Usually by assigning some of their teaching responsibilities to student teachers or interns.)
Resident Supervisors attend university teacher education meetings [and] are listed as education staff members in the university catalogue."
(U. N.H.)

Resource Faculty

1. Those faculty who are not Regular
Faculty, often called Special Faculty at other institutions. "Resource faculty are all other
university faculty who do not qualify as regular faculty. In general, but not
exclusively, resource faculty hold term appointments and/or assignments
dominated by other than faculty functions." (Eastern N.M. U.) "Resource faculty are selected by the provost
... to meet particular institutional needs. They may be full- or part-time. Normally, they will not be directly responsible for the generation of credit."
(Evergreen Coll.)

2. A term for resource
professionals such as librarians, media coordinators/specialists, and learning
assistance center directors and staff, who "gather,
organize, circulate, develop, and evaluate resources in support of the
educational mission of the college. They also provide instructional faculty with
expertise through their knowledge of learning resources and styles, and
alternate learning modes; in settings outside of the classroom, they organize
learning activities for students." (U. Hawaii Community Colleges)

3. Faculty who
are not members of a department or program but who are willing to be called upon
to assist or advise students or teach courses.

Restricted
Appointment

A
position whose continuation is contingent on funding. "A restricted
appointment is an appointment to a position that is funded in whole or in part
by non-state revenues, or has been accepted under special conditions, or that is
identifiable as non-continuing in nature." (Wytheville Comm. Coll.)
"Appointments to the general faculty may be made for which there is no
presumption or consideration of renewal. Such appointments are called 'restricted'
and should be so designated, with a specified term, in the terms of offer. They
are in contrast to renewable term appointments (often called “probationary”
or “tenure track” appointments), tenured appointments, continued
appointments, and year-by-year appointments of administrative and professional
faculty." (Va. Tech.) "Appointments to positions for which funding (10 percent or more) is provided from gifts, grants, donations, contracts, capital outlay projects, or other sources that are not continuing in nature."
(N. Va. C.C.)

Retained
Term Contract

A
contract that is used "for a designated period not to exceed one academic year and automatically terminates upon the expiration of that period, but with an employee expectation of re-employment, unless given notice. Faculty employed under a retained term contract must be given notice if the University determines NOT to re-hire the employee during the subsequent academic year in accordance with the same schedule as would apply to Tenure Track contracts."
(N.M. Highlands U.)

Retired

A suffix denoting that the incumbent
is no longer a full-time employee of the institution by reason of age or
voluntary separation upon having attained retirement age. Sample
Usage: "Professor Without Tenure (Retired)." (MIT). Generally
retired faculty are not entitled to the prefix Emeritus or Emerita, but this
status must be conferred on a case-by-case basis.

Retired
Faculty

The
set of faculty who have retired pursuant to their institution's retirement
policy. Not the same as Emeritus Faculty, q.v. However, at some
institutions all retired faculty have Emeritus status. (Amherst Coll.) The
rights and privileges of retired faculty vary widely by institution.

A nontenured research
designation carrying the rank of Processor,
generally in fields other than science, for which the title is Scientist and
engineering, for which the title (more rarely) is Engineer. The
Series varies at different institutions, but {Assistant Scholar, Associate
Scholar, Senior Scholar} (U. Ind.) and {Assistant Scholar, Associate
Scholar, Scholar} (State Universities of Florida) are common. See also
Scholar-at-Large, Scholar in Residence.

Scholar-at-Large

"Persons of prominence and distinction in a particular field who are not available to be on campus, but who are able to make significant contributions to the university such as teaching a course or a seminar on the Internet, writing articles or books under
[the institution's] imprimatur or other activities of significance, may receive the title of scholar-at-large. Such persons may be appointed for a year, a semester or less. They may or may not meet the criteria governing the employment of tenured or tenure-track members."
(Regent U.)

Scholar in Residence

"An individual appointed to a fixed term appointment on the basis of noteworthy experience and credentials."
(James Madison U.) "'The Scholar in
Residence' is a non-tenure track/non-tenured faculty title whose
combination of academic background and career expertise in areas of business,
industry, law, K-12 education, the arts, or government makes them valuable
contributors to the undergraduate and graduate curricula. These individuals
normally hold the terminal degree appropriate for their disciplines, but have
spent much or all of their career outside academia. The Scholar in Residence
would be under contract primarily to provide classroom instruction in their
area of expertise. In addition to these instructional activities, they also may
have program management, fundraising, and/or student career advising
responsibilities that require the talents and experiences developed in their
careers outside academia." (U. Colorado at Boulder) "The title Scholar-in-Residence is to be accorded to a person
... who will enhance public appreciation and recognition of the Law School or understanding of his or her field of expertise.
A Scholar-in-Residence should be a person who has achieved prominence as a judge, lawyer, governmental official, or the like, and who wishes to affiliate with the Law School for a one or two year period.
A Scholar-in-Residence will be ineligible for tenure." (Pace U.)

Scientific Faculty

"The ranks of scientist, associate scientist, and assistant scientist, are appointments for research faculty."
(Wash. St. U.) (One might have expected the Scientific Faculty to be
composed of the Faculty in the institution's science departments.)

A Courtesy or Joint Appointment granted to faculty
members in one department who make significant contributions to another
department. (Case Western, U. Cinn.) "Every faculty member has a
single home department although cooperative undertakings by individual faculty
members with other departments are encouraged. In some instances, formal
appointments are made to second departments. The rank of this appointment to a
second department will usually be the same as the rank of the faculty member in
his home department. Such secondary appointments are never for an indefinite
period. Unless specific arrangement is made to the contrary, no appointment at
any rank in a second department shall be for a longer term than three
years." (U. Penn.) Sometimes Secondary Appointment is used to mean a
Joint Appointment without financial burden to the secondary department.
(Emory) Cf. Primary Appointment.

A status in the University of California System of a Lecturer or Senior Lecturer
whose employment may not be terminated except for good cause after a hearing before the appropriate committee of the Academic Senate.
Abbreviated SOE. "The Lecturer SOE series is designed to meet the
long-term instructional needs of the University." (U. Ca. San Diego) Cf. Potential Security of Employment.

1. "This title may be assigned to a part-time per course
teaching faculty member in recognition of distinguished teaching service at the
college during a period of at least five years. Assignment of this title may be
made by the president, upon the recommendation of the applicable division
chairperson and the dean of faculty."(Southwestern College KS)

2. A title given to faculty in Columbia University's physician
and dental networks who are engaged in clinical care and teaching but whose
level of involvement with the programs in the Health Sciences does not merit an
appointment in one of the other clinical series. (Columbia)

Senior Agent

A tenurable rank in the Cooperative
Extension Faculty, equivalent to Associate Professor. (U. Md.) See Agent.

Senior Archivist

A position on the Library Faculty one
rank above Archivist. At Carnegie Mellon, the equivalent of Associate
Professor. (Carnegie Mellon)

Senior Artist

A uncommon nontenured instructional title
"that may be conferred on persons who have special instructional roles and
who have extensive training, competence, and experience in their
discipline." (U. of Washington)

Senior Artist in Residence

An instructional title "that may
be conferred on persons who have special instructional roles and who have
extensive training, competence, and experience in their discipline." (U. of Washington)At
the University of Maryland this rank is equivalent to Professor and "intended
for those persons whose professional activities are of a creative or performance
nature, including but not limited to theatre, dance, music, and art. In
each case, the qualifications shall reflect demonstrated superior proficiency
and excellence and progressively higher national and international
reputation." (U. Md.)

Senior Artist Teacher of (subject)

A
position for specialists in music instruction at the pre-collegiate level.
Example: Senior Artist Teacher of Bassoon. (Vanderbilt) Cf. Artist Teacher.

A very uncommon title, used at Texas
Tech for those who are Chief Residents or who are in post-residency fellowship training.
(Texas Tech.)

Senior Assistant Librarian

A Ladder Rank in the Library Faculty
corresponding to Assistant Professor. "This
is the normal beginning rank for a library faculty member with a terminal degree
and less than five years of experience in a position requiring an MLS." (SUNY
Buffalo)

(Cornell, SUNY Albany)

Senior Associate

1. The titles of senior associate and
associate are used by individuals who are not regular full-time members of the
faculty but play a major role in the teaching and/or research activities of the
School in this or other countries.Senior
associates have significant experience and educational background justifying a
more senior level of recognition.All
others will be given the rank of associate. (Johns Hopkins)

2. A "full-time rank to which persons holding the Associate rank may be promoted after a minimum of six years' service as Associates.
Prior years of other relevant professional service may, at the discretion of the College, be equated to time served as an Associate at Barnard for the purpose of being considered for appointment or promotion to Senior Associate. This rank is reserved for those whose teaching competence is clearly superior."
(Barnard Coll.)

Senior Associate Librarian

A position in the Library Faculty
equivalent to Associate Professor, one rank above Associate Librarian. (U.
Mich.) Also Associate Senior Librarian.

Senior Associate Research Scientist

A nontenured position for faculty who
carry out research in an academic environment and may participate in
instructional activities. "Faculty appointed as ... senior associate
research scientist must have achieved independence, autonomy, a national and/or
international reputation, excellence in the initiation, direction and completion
of research projects, and a proven record of research support ... Appointment to this rank requires evidence of continuing excellence in performance and a continued record of independent, distinguished, and productive research. There should be clear evidence of independent external funding past the level of initial research grants and fellowships, in the form of, for example, grants, subprojects, program projects, and center programs. There should be a solid record of publications in peer-reviewed journals and signs that this research record will continue." (U. Mich.)

Senior Associate Researcher

A foreign title, virtually never used in the US
except at a small number of research institutes, e.g. the Institute for
Inter-American Studies at the University of Miami. (U. Miami)

Senior Associate University Librarian

A rare title, apparently unique to
the University of North Carolina. (U. N.C.)

Senior Clinical
Professor

A
rare senior title for Clinical faculty, not necessarily confined to medicine,
but applicable to law and other professional disciplines. (Ariz. St.)

Senior
Clinician

A
nontenure term full- or part- time appointment to the Clinical Faculty. "To
be eligible for appointment as Senior Lecturer or Senior Clinician the
individual shall have served as a Lecturer or Clinician or its equivalent for
six years." (Iowa State)

Senior
Collegiate Faculty

A
Faculty in the Blair School of Music at Vanderbilt University, for teachers of
music performance at the college level. The Series is {Associate Professor
of, Professor of}. (Vanderbilt) See also Junior Collegiate Faculty.

Senior
Cooperative Extension Educator

A
title for faculty in Cooperative Extension System programs who are not ordinarily members of an academic department.
Individuals in
this position have, through demonstrated ability, established a respected
reputation among both regional and national colleagues. They have presented
tangible evidence of scholarly production and other distinguished achievement
in creative program development. This
position requires a minimum of a Master's degree in a related field with at
least 10 years of experience as a Cooperative Extension Educator or the
equivalent, or a Ph.D. with at least five years of experience. In addition,
incumbents must provide evidence of appropriate teaching, research and
service.(U. Conn.)

Senior
Cooperative Extension Educator in-Residence

See
Senior Cooperative Extension Educator. (U. Conn.)

Senior Critic

At
Yale, the rank above Critic. (Yale)

Senior Extension
Associate

The
next rank above Extension Associate. (Cornell)

Senior
Faculty

1.
Generally the Senior Faculty consists of the ranks of Associate Professor and
the equivalent and above, but this varies by institution. "Senior Faculty includes the following academic titles: Professor, Associate Professor, Research Professor, and Research Associate Professor. This group includes individuals who are engaged in administrative responsibilities and that also hold regular faculty appointments."
(U. N.M.) At Iowa State, Senior Faculty
"includes tenured associate professors and professors." Cf.
Junior Faculty.

2.
"Senior faculty status denotes a contract status afforded to those Ranked
Faculty members who, following a probationary period, are offered one of two
types of continuing appointment: a five year contract or a continuous contract."
(Okla. Baptist Univ.)

3.
An interim status with reduced workload prior to retirement. "Senior
members of the faculty may be released from their regular full-time teaching
obligations to pursue scholarly and professional activities ... Prior to
acquiring Senior Faculty Status (SFS), a faculty member enters into a written
agreement with the College that provides an appointment for a fixed term of
service with specified duties and responsibilities. During this SFS term,
the faculty member may not return to full-time teaching; at the end of the SFS
term, the faculty member must assume emeritus/emerita status as a retired member
of the faculty." (Grinnell)

A
key support faculty member engaged in research. The position requires a
bachelor’s degree, but not a doctorate or other terminal degree, appropriate
to the field in which the research is being conducted. (Oregon St. U.)

A
non-tenured rank with widely varying meanings. A Senior Fellow may be a
junior position, as at the University of Washington, or a very senior position,
as at Stanford and the University of Pennsylvania."Senior Fellows are considered junior faculty
equivalent to Research Associate. The title Senior Fellow is intended to be an
extension of professional training for someone who has recently received a
terminal degree such as PhD or MD or both. The title of Senior Fellow may be
held for up to 3 years renewable with approval up to a maximum of 6 years. This
title initially should be offered to those who are within 5 years of receipt of
the terminal degree.(U. of
Washington)"A
substantial majority of Senior Fellows are members of the tenure-line faculty
who have major roles in policy centers or institutes. Those roles are recognized
by a joint appointment as tenure-line faculty in a department or school and as
Senior Fellows in a policy center or institute. An example of such a joint
appointment is Professor of Political Science and Senior Fellow at the Institute
for International Studies. For members of the tenure-line faculty,
standards for a joint appointment as a Senior Fellow in a policy center or
institute are consistent with those used for a joint appointment in a secondary
department or school: the faculty member’s involvement with the policy center
or institute in terms of time, effort, and programmatic need justifies a joint
appointment. ... Standards and procedures for appointment of non-faculty
candidates for Senior Fellow positions are consistent with those for the rank of
Professor." (Stanford) Cf. Center Fellow."A
Senior Fellow of the University is a distinguished scholar who holds an
appointment outside the Standing Faculty at the University for teaching or
research, for a limited period of time." (U. of Pa.)

Senior
Institute Fellow

Commonly,
a Senior Fellow at a research institute. (Rice)

Senior Instructor

The rank of senior instructor gives higher
recognition and salary as well as longer periods of appointment than that of
instructor. It is awarded to faculty members who do not have the prerequisites
for promotion to the rank of assistant professor but who have special
abilities, usually in teaching. (U. Colorado at Boulder) In the
University of Oregon System, an appointment to Senior Instructor may be made
with Indefinite Tenure. "A senior
instructor should possess at least a master's degree or its equivalent in an
academic field related to his/her teaching specialization and must have
demonstrated ability as a teacher and adviser and shown evidence of professional
growth, scholarship, and mastery of subject matter." (Pa. St.) "This
designation is used in cases where the nature of the assignment requires special
skills or experience in the instructional program, but does not warrant the rank
of Assistant Professor; and in those cases where the performance of the
individual could warrant the award of tenure." (Portland St. U.)

Usually a
designation for the recipient of a research grant, but also an academic
title. A senior nontenured research position requiring "a national or international reputation in
research equivalent to that of a faculty member having the rank of Associate
Professor or Professor." (Brown) See Investigator.

Senior Laboratory Coordinator

A staff member
who "[o]versees and coordinates the operational activities in a teaching
laboratory and lecture halls, ensuring that experiments and demonstrations are
set up and functioning properly and that teaching assistants know how to run the
experiments. Develops and recommends new experiments and demonstrations
and supervises Teaching Assistants." (U. Ariz.) Cf. Laboratory
Coordinator.

Senior Laboratory Instructor

"A Senior Laboratory
Instructor, in addition to meeting the qualifications for appointment as a
Laboratory Instructor, shall at a minimum have: (a) Nine years of prior service
as a Laboratory Instructor at the University, or equivalent academic experience;
(b) a record of laboratory instruction that is clearly exceptional; (c) partial
or complete responsibility for the lecture component of the course; (d) a record
of scholarship that demonstrates competence in the discipline; (e) a record of
service that includes involvement in the profession." (Santa Clara U.)

Senior
Laboratory Lecturer

A
title, apparently unique to Bryn Mawr College and Goucher College, for a person
with a Ph.D. who has at least six years' experience in one of the lower ranks
for Laboratory Instructor or Laboratory Lecturer and "whose teaching is
deemed highly satisfactory by the faculty members in the department and by
students, as shown by student evaluations." (Bryn Mawr) Cf.
Laboratory Lecturer, Senior Laboratory Instructor.

Generally a foreign rank, but used particularly
at Yale for untenured faculty engaged in teaching foreign languages. One level
above Lector. "The rank of Senior Lector has two steps, characterized by
the responsibility of the position and the qualifications and experience of the
individuals appointed to it. Senior lectors with appropriate qualifications may
be asked to engage in a limited amount of teaching in non-language courses at
the undergraduate or graduate level. ... Qualifications for appointment to
senior lector at step one include substantial teaching experience with
documented evidence of excellence; the capacity to carry out administrative or
other department responsibilities such as directing specific courses,
contributing to the training of language teachers, or serving on department
committees; and evidence of professional growth and activity, either at Yale or
nationally, in support of the department’s language teaching mission.
... [At step two] the qualifications include a superlative record of
teaching as a senior lector; continued professional growth as evidenced by
special achievements or innovation in support of the department’s teaching
mission; and demonstrated capacity for leadership in the language teaching
profession outside the University." (Yale)

Senior Lecturer

1. The title of
Senior Lecturer is associated with a demonstrably higher level of responsibility
and teaching excellence than that of a Lecturer, rather than with seniority or
longevity. (Stanford)

2. "A title reserved for persons of considerable professional attainment, of eminence, or with recognized expertise in their fields of scholarship or in the creative arts"."
(U. Pittsburgh)

3. A non-tenured
special teacher who augments and complements regular teaching faculty but whose
experience and qualifications are commensurate with those of tenured faculty. (U. of Houston)

Senior Lecturer in Foreign Languages

The equivalent of Senior
Lector. See also Senior Language Lecturer. (U. of Pa.)

Senior Lecturer with Potential Security of Employment

A lecturer whose qualifications and experiences
are such that salary at the full professor level is warranted and whose services
are of exceptional value to the institution. A senior level post, equivalent to
Professor, awarded to officers of instruction who demonstrate appropriate
professional achievement and experience, distinction in their subject field
comparable to that attained by leading members of the professorial faculty in
similar fields and who warrant the salary of a professor. The appointment
carries "security" because the incumbent may be terminated only for
"good cause." Sometimes abbreviated Senior Lecturer PSOE.
(U. Cal. Santa Cruz) Cf. Lecturer with Potential Security of Employment,
Senior Lecturer with Security of Employment.

Senior Lecturer with Security of Employment

A senior level post, equivalent to Professor,
awarded to officers of instruction who demonstrate appropriate professional
achievement and experience, distinction in their subject field comparable to
that attained by leading members of the professorial faculty in similar fields
and who warrant the salary of a professor. The appointment carries
"security" because the incumbent may be terminated only for "good
cause." Sometimes abbreviated Senior Lecturer SOE. (U. Cal.
Santa Cruz) Cf. Lecturer with Security of Employment, Senior Lecturer with
Potential Security of Employment.

Senior Lecturing Fellow

A Non-Regular position on the Instructional
Faculty at Duke University, especially the Law School, one rank above Lecturing
Fellow. (Duke)

Senior Librarian

At Carnegie Mellon, the
equivalent of Associate Professor. At other institutions, a librarian rank
equivalent to Professor. (U. of So. Ala.) See also Associate Senior
Librarian.

Senior Manuscript Specialist

An academic
library position at the University of Missouri. (U. Mo.)

Senior Mentor

Rarely an
Official Title, but frequently used to denote a faculty member who guides a
medical student through a research fellowship program. (U. Texas)

Senior Postdoctoral Researcher

An individual
"whose primary responsibility is conducting research and who [is] often are
paid from grant or contract funds ... Senior Postdoctoral Researchers must
possess a Ph.D. or equivalent degree and shall normally have a minimum of three
years postdoctoral experience in a laboratory. Persons appointed to this
rank are expected to perform independent research under the direction of a
member of the professorial staff." (LSU) A rare title, one rank above
Postdoctoral Researcher.

Senior Preceptor

A faculty
member who directs an academic program at a level below that of a department.
(Harvard)

Senior Primary
Research Scientist

The higher of
two ranks in the Primary Research Scientist Track. "[F]aculty appointed as
senior primary research scientist or senior associate research scientist must have
achieved independence, autonomy, a national and/or international reputation, excellence in
the initiation, direction and completion of research projects, and a proven record
of research support." (U. Mich.)

Senior
Professor

1. "The Senior Professor title can be assigned to a faculty
member with senior faculty status who, at the time of formal retirement, is willing to
continue teaching on an adjunctive basis." (Okla. Baptist Univ.)

2. A rare tenured
rank above Full Professor. "This is the highest-level rank for all
regular faculty and generally assumes an outstanding career as a full professor
at Lincoln for at least ten years." (Lincoln Christian Coll.)

3. "The
senior professor in each department is the individual who has held the highest
rank in the department for the longest time at the University." (U.
Ala.) This definition is necessary because the Senior Professor performs
certain ministerial functions.

Senior Professional Research Assistant

A title for an individual possessing
competence to carry out research or scholarly work of a quality comparable to
that produced by an advanced graduate student research assistant. "Appointment
to this title is regarded as a promotion above the rank of professional
research assistant. The master's degree or equivalent experience is required
for appointment ... An individual
employed in this capacity is not enrolled in a graduate program." (U.
Colorado at Boulder)

Senior Registrar

"The senior registrar shall be responsible
for the supervision of the registrar and for such other scheduling of students
and related functions as the president may assign. The senior registrar shall be
responsible for integrating the above administrative and service offices and
functions as appropriate." (CUNY) See Registrar.

Senior Research

A parenthetical suffix designating that the
incumbent has a term appointment paid entirely or primarily from research grants
or contracts. Sample usage: Associate Professor (Senior Research). (Oregon
St. U.)

Senior Research Aide

"Duties are those of a technician used to support professional research personnel and shall be distinctly different from those of a Graduate Research Assistant. Research participation as a Research Aide will not be an acceptable subject for either a thesis or a dissertation."
(U. Mo.)

Senior Research Analyst

A nontenured senior professional
position requiring "knowledge or competence of an advanced nature in a field of science or learning."
(Nova S.E. U.) U. Mo.)

Senior Research Assistant

"The academic qualifications and position functions for senior research assistants are similar to research assistants except that the rank is used for those who have served successfully as research assistants for a number of years, and whose employment is expected to continue given available funds. The pay scale is higher than that of research assistants by virtue of the additional time and experience, and should be similar to that paid senior instructors in the discipline.
In rare cases, appointment as a senior research assistant may be offered to a particularly experienced and well-qualified candidate for a research assistant position, but normally the title senior research assistant is reserved for individuals promoted from within the university."
(U. Ore.) "A senior research assistant should possess a master's degree or its equivalent in an academic field related to his/her research and must have demonstrated ability as a researcher and shown evidence of professional growth and scholarship in his/her discipline."
(Pa. St.)

Senior Research Associate

The implied rank
associated with this title varies considerably among institutions. "Senior research associates work in the conduct of research and, after receiving the doctoral degree, have at least ten years of experience as research associates, or equivalent positions, and have demonstrated significant research achievements in the form of publications, patents, or other measures of research accomplishment."
(Northwestern) At the
University of Colorado, is indicates a nontenured research faculty member
recognized by the University as an outstanding researcher in his/her field,
appointment to be regarded as a promotion above the existing rank of research
associate, and may be comparable to the regular faculty rank of professor. (U.
Colorado at Boulder) At Brown, the status is lower: "Appointees are
individuals with at least three (3) years of service as a Research Associate.
They must hold the PhD (or equivalent) and possess a research reputation
comparable to that of an advanced Assistant Professor or Associate Professor."
(Brown)

Senior Research Engineer

An untenured position at a rank
equivalent to Professor at most institutions. "[A]ppointees ... should have
demonstrated a degree of proficiency sufficient to establish an excellent
reputation among regional and national colleagues. Appointees should provide
tangible evidence of sound scholarly production in research, publications,
professional achievements or other distinguished and creative activity."
(U. Md.) At Carnegie Mellon the position is equivalent in rank to
Associate Professor. (Carnegie Mellon)

Senior Research Fellow

The top rung of the Research Fellow ladder, normally requiring a Ph.D. with a distinguished national or international reputation and a
substantial publication record. (U. Minn.) A professional research
position that "provide individuals, paid through Harvard, somewhat greater job security and a degree of independence in carrying out research necessary to the program or programs of several Harvard faculty members."
(Harvard)

Senior Research Investigator

"Senior research
investigators serve as principal investigators on externally supported research
project(s); there are no institutional/departmental duties or teaching
responsibilities associated with this appointment." (Northwestern) A
"research title used in research centers for personnel who have joint
appointments in departments." (U. Mo. Rolla)

Senior Research Scholar

A
non-tenured position usually equivalent in rank to Professor. "Individuals
whose accomplishments reflect professional achievement and recognition
considerably greater than that of a Research Associate may be appointed as
Senior Research Scientist, Senior Research Engineer, or Senior Research Scholar,
whichever is most appropriate to the nature of the individual's work."
(Stanford) Likewise at (U. Conn.,
U. Md., Princeton, NYU)

Senior Research Scientist

1. A "senior
position in the campus research staff structure ... with special status and
prerogatives. Individuals holding such an appointment conduct independent
investigations, with the ability to direct the work of others." (MIT)
"Senior Research Scientist ... is analogous to the title of Professor for regular faculty. This title would pertain to an individual who, because of outstanding, sustained, superior performance is recognized by his or her peers as an accomplished senior researcher and leader in her or his field. Researchers with this title will have made outstanding contributions in research and achieved international recognition, as evidenced by original publications in peer-reviewed journals, award of patents, service in
national and international organizations and review groups, and continued research funding."
(Colo. St. U.) At Columbia, a nontenured equivalent of Professor. (Columbia)

2. At some institutions using the
title, a research position equivalent to Associate Professor. (Carnegie Mellon, U.
Texas)

Senior Research
Technician

The next rank above Research
Technician, but below Supervisory Research Technician. (Boston U.)

Senior Scholar

A nontenured research position in
fields other than science and engineering, with rank equivalent to Professor. (U. Indiana)
See also Scholar.

Senior Scientist

A
scientific research faculty rank equivalent to Professor. (Penn. State)
See also Scientist.

Senior Staff Associate

At Columbia, an
researcher "holding a bachelor's or higher degree who has had at least
eight years of professional experience in his or her field and who is appointed
for a term, which is renewable, of up to twelve months for full- or part-time
service." (Columbia) Cf. Staff Associate.

Senior Staff Lecturer

At the University
of Connecticut, a Gratis Appointment for an "inside appointee with a
terminal degree, teaching an organized course." (U. Conn.)

Senior Staff Scientist

A tenured research position requiring the
qualifications for an Associate Staff Scientist plus a degree of proficiency in
research sufficient to establish an excellent national reputation. (U. Md.)

A Teaching
Associate having significant experience, usually at least for five
years. At the University of South Carolina, a staff member who has
held the rank of Teaching Associate for a minimum of six consecutive years.
Initial appointment may not be made at this rank; appointment must be by
promotion from the rank of Teaching Associate approved through appropriate
channels. Masters degree required. (U. of So. Carolina)

Senior Teaching Specialist

A rank in the
Instructional Faculty of the University of Minnesota. "These individuals are most likely to be used to teach undergraduate courses when regular faculty cannot provide the needed instruction."
(U. Minn.) Cf. Teaching Specialist.

Senior Technical Staff Member

A common title
in industry but not often used in academia, one rank above Technical Staff
Member. (Princeton)

"This title is given to established
scholars and other distinguished individuals whose association with the
University and residence in the community for an extended period (greater than
one year) will be of mutual benefit." (Yale)

A sequence of
academic titles in increasing order of rank, such as {Assistant Professor,
Associate Professor, Professor} or {Faculty Fellow, Senior Faculty Fellow,
Distinguished Faculty Fellow}. Also Title Series.

Service Associate Professor

See University Service Professor. (FSU)

Service Faculty

Medical school faculty whose
work consists primarily in running a medical service, with little teaching or
research responsibility. The Series is {Instructor (Service), Assistant
Professor (Service), Associate Professor (Service), Professor (Service)} (W.V.
U.)

Service Professor

See University Service
Professor. (Fl. St. U.)

Shared Appointment

A full-time academic appointment
shared part-time by two or more people. (Skidmore College)

A
tenure-track position at Washington State University. The top end of a
range that includes Assistant Soil Scientist and Associate Soil Scientist.

Special Academic Rank

At the University of Alaska,
Special Academic Rank means a Special Faculty
position, as opposed to Academic Rank, which denotes Regular
Faculty. It comprises exclusively the ranks of Instructor, Lecturer
and the Qualified Academic Ranks. (U. Alaska)

Special Appointment

1. An appointment to the Special Faculty. "A special appointment is one made to assign academic rank
to a person who has, or is, contributing to the teaching, university service,
professional service, or research functions of the academic mission of the
university but may not be currently a compensated faculty employee of the
institutions." (E. N.M. U.) "A scholar or artist of
recognized outstanding attainment may be appointed to any academic rank
regardless of the academic degree held.

" (W. Wash. U.)

2. Rarely, a short-term reassignment within the
same institution. "When appropriate, persons may be given special
appointments which involve change in teaching and administrative duties."
(Willamette U.)

1.
Faculty other than the Regular Faculty.
"In order to maintain the quality, flexibility, and continuity of the
academic activities of Carnegie Mellon University in all their aspects
(instructional, scholarly, professional and artistic), the work of the regular
faculty must be complemented by the services of other qualified persons engaged
in the generation or dissemination of knowledge, on a part-time or full-time
basis, in positions regarded as conferring faculty status." (Carnegie
Mellon) "Such an appointment ... is appropriate for one who has
unusual qualifications for teaching, research, academic administration, or
public service, but for whom neither the professorial ranks nor the instructor
rank is appropriate because of the limited duration of the mission for which
appointed, or because of concern for continued availability of special funding
for the position, or for other valid institutional reasons." (U. N.C.
Pembroke) Cf. Special Faculty Professor.

2. A
designation for honored faculty. For example, at the University of
Tennessee, the Special Faculty consists of Endowed Chairs, Professorships and
Fellowships, Distinguished Professors, Chancellor’s Teaching Scholars
and Distinguished Scientists. (U. Tenn.)

Special Faculty
Professor

A title used only at
MIT. "Special faculty professor is a unique professorship, having
been established by the Faculty in July 1971, to be held by the then-retiring
President, thereafter to lapse. The duties include lecturing and teaching as the
incumbent desires, concerning himself with the welfare of MIT as an institution
for education and research, thinking about its problems, and making those
findings known." (MIT)

Special Instructor

A title
"granted to full-time faculty members whose academic qualifications are different and distinct from those
[normally] required of faculty members ... Professional responsibilities assigned to special instructors generally will place greater emphasis on teaching and less emphasis on academic research and scholarly activities."
(Oakland U.) "This category is
not typically part of the regular faculty ranks, but rather is usually reserved
for persons with a limited range of faculty responsibilities or as a transition
status for staff persons seeking faculty status." (Lincoln Christian Coll.)

Special Instructional
Faculty

A
category used only at Columbia, Idaho State and Virginia Tech for "non-
tenure-track faculty in instructional or administrative positions." (Va.
Tech.) The rough equivalent of Special Faculty, but does not include Research
positions. Cf. Regular Faculty.\

Special Internal
Lecturer

A nine or eleven month non-tenure track
position "usually indicating Master's level clinical faculty whose primary function is to assist graduate students in acquiring clinical skills used in the professional setting.
This title is restricted to audiologists and speech pathologists who work in the Speech and Hearing Clinic in the Department of Communication Sciences and function as practicing clinicians."
(U. Conn.)

Special Lecturer

A
catch-all title.

1. At Columbia University,
a retired officer of instruction who, because of special competence, is appointed for
part-time service to give instruction for a stated term of one year or less,
which is renewable. (Columbia)

3. This designation is intended for persons who:
(1) have the potential to become tenure-track faculty members while they obtain the necessary educational/professional qualifications for appointment to the faculty; or
(2) may be needed for specific teaching assignments that cannot be currently met by tenure-track faculty.
(N.J. Inst. Tech.)

Special Payroll
Lecturer

An
"academic department may identify a currently employed, non-teaching professional as a potential instructor. The University must be satisfied that the additional time is not excessive and that it neither directly nor indirectly interferes with his/her regular work at the University.
(U. Ct.)

A class of faculty
at Notre Dame who "perform duties ranging from heading institutes, running laboratories, designing sets for the theatre, filling various administrative posts, to teaching required courses."
A complement to the Teaching & Research Faculty. The Series is {Staff
Professional Specialist, Assistant Professional Specialist, Associate
Professional Specialist, Professional Specialist }. (Notre
Dame)

"Special readers are advanced graduate students who assist the faculty member who is teaching the course with the grading of students' papers and exams in upper division and graduate-level courses."
(UCLA) Cf. Reader.

Special Research
Scholar

At
Columbia, a title conferred on retired faculty who continue to participate in
programs of funded research. (Columbia)

Special Research
Scientist

At
Columbia, a title conferred on retired faculty who continue to participate in
programs of funded research. (Columbia)

Special
Resident Fellow

A
nontenured position at the University of Missouri. (U. Mo.)

Special Service
Professor

An
Honorific, apparently unique to Columbia University, for a retired member of the
faculty who returns to full-time work. (Columbia)

Special
Status Faculty

A
grouping of faculty other than Regular Faculty. The meaning of the term is
not consistent among institutions. "Instructional faculty who have "special" status hold positions that do not lead to tenure, or to de facto tenure, or to the right to be considered for a tenured or tenure track
position ... Special status faculty may work on a full-time or part-time basis; they are appointed for a specified period and their contracts may be renewed.
" (Coll. of Charleston) "Special status academic faculty include emeriti and affiliate faculty. Appointments of special status academic faculty are exempt from the faculty search and screen process."
(Nicholls St. U.)

Special Visiting Professor

A title for distinguished persons who are not regular faculty members but
who serve the institution in some instructional capacity. "Special visiting
professors are not eligible for membership in the Faculty Senate. The
University may, at its discretion, make contributions to a retirement program
at the home institution." (U. Colorado at Boulder)

1. A title used for professional individuals who
serve as practitioners in specific areas of instruction, training, or
supervision.The title may carry
appropriate descriptive prefixes so as to indicate the specific areas of
proficiency, e.g. Practice Teaching Specialist, Physical Activity
Specialist, Social Work Field Training Specialist.(U.
Texas)

2. The University of California System uses
Specialist to refer to "academic appointees who are engaged in research in
specialized areas and who do not have any teaching responsibilities" and
recognizes the Series {Junior Specialist, Assistant Specialist, Associate
Specialist and Specialist}, the latter equivalent to the rank of Professor. (U.
Cal.) Above the top rank in the Series is Specialist Above Scale.

3. "The instructional and research functions of
the University in some areas require the support of certain persons with full professional training
or experience, but who do not themselves teach or conduct research. Frequently persons in
these positions must be familiar with the processes of teaching and research in order to render
required support effectively. Examples of such positions are the counselors and other professional positions
in the Office of Student Affairs; non-research but highly specialized positions in research
units; technicians serving instructional laboratories; and like positions which provide professional
services auxiliary to instruction or research programs, such as those in the Instructional Resources
Service Center." (U. Hawaii)

Specialist Above Scale

An Above Scale rank in the Specialist Series. (U.
Cal.)

Specially
Appointed Faculty

"Specially Appointed
Faculty means all employees whose titles are Lecturer, Tutor, Trainer, Teacher, Visiting Professor, Adjunct Faculty, and other teaching personnel who do not hold the rank of instructor or above."
(Lewis & Clark Coll.)

Commonly,
medical School faculty from a particular medical discipline, such as
Orthopedics. (U. Fl.)

Staff (subject)

1. Employees of an
institution who are not faculty, for example secretaries, maintenance personnel,
programmers, financial personnel and groundskeepers. It is a touchy
subject whether persons who teach but are not formally Members of the Faculty
are considered staff for certain purposes.

At Columbia, an
researcher "holding a bachelor's or higher degree who has had at least four
years of professional experience in his or her field and who is appointed for a
term, which is renewable, of up to twelve months for full- or part-time
service." (Columbia) Cf. Senior Staff Associate.

Staff Instructor

Only occasionally
used as a formal title. "This title refers to an inside appointee
without a terminal degree, teaching an organized course." (U. Conn.)
When uncapitalized it refers casually to an Instructor on the staff of an
institution. (Ind. U.)

Staff Lecturer

An "inside
appointee with a terminal degree, teaching an organized course." (U.
Conn.) See also Senior Staff Lecturer

Staff Librarian

A junior Library
Faculty position in the Tenure Track, equivalent in rank to Instructor. (Notre
Dame, Shepherd Coll., W.V. U.)

A term denoting
the regular ranks of Assistant Professor, Associate Professor and Professor,
essentially equivalent to Regular Faculty. "The essential requisite for membership in the Standing
Faculty is a commitment to both the advancement and the communication of
knowledge. The Standing Faculty is composed of all faculty members with tenure
or in tenure- probationary status." (U. of Pa.) Cf. Associated
Faculty, Non-Standing Faculty.

Step

A salary
classification within a Rank. "The 'step' of an appointee is indicated by a Roman numeral after the rank, e.g., Assistant professor, Step II; Associate Professor, Step II; Professor,
Step II. The step is not part of the title or the rank. Rather, it is an indicator of the stage of advancement of the individual, and is used primarily to keep
a record of such advancement." (U. Cal.)

Strict Full-Time Faculty

Faculty who
devote their full time to the institution and are not permitted to earn any
outside professional income. (U. Cal.) See Geographic Full-Time Faculty.

Student Affairs Faculty

"The Vice Provost for Student Affairs, the Vice Provost for Enrollment Management, administrative officers and professional personnel concerned with student affairs, enrollment and recruitment."
(Wash. St. U.)

Student Counselor

"A graduate
student who is employed by the Division of Student Personnel, the University
Division, or another division of the University having responsibilities in the
area of student services, and who is engaged in the guidance and counseling of
other students." (Ind. U.)

Substitute
Faculty

"A substitute faculty member is one who is employed on an hourly basis to teach in the place of a faculty member who is absent from class."
(Amarillo Coll.) Institutional policies toward Substitute Faculty vary
widely. "If a part-time faculty member will not be meeting a class,
the faculty member must arrange for a substitute ... It is the responsibility of
the faculty member to pay the substitute." (C.C. Aurora) "Given the educational, philosophical, and legal obligations of the faculty of record for a class, the faculty (instructor) who schedules an outside speaker for a class must be in attendance for the entire class. If a faculty member is scheduling a substitute for a class period because the faculty member of record cannot be in attendance, then the faculty member must inform the department chairperson in writing of such a substitution and assure the chairperson of the adequacy of class instruction."
(Rowan U.)

Summer
Appointment

"Faculty on
academic-year appointments may be invited by the department head or chair to
teach one or more courses in summer school for special compensation." (Va.
Tech.)

Supervising Attorney

A faculty rank
for law school graduates who supervise students engaged in legal services.
(Yale)

Supervisor

In the University
of California System, the highest tenured academic rank in the Physical Education
Departments, equivalent to Professor and one level above Associate Supervisor.
(Univ. of Cal.) Often Supervisor of Physical Education.

Supervisory
Faculty

"Supervisory
faculty, which consists of persons who perform predominately office or nonmanual
work of a supervisory nature as head of a college, school, center, division,
laboratory or other administrative unit of a member institution or special unit
of the University and Community College System of Nevada" (U. of Nev.
System)

Supervisory
Research Technician

At Boston University
the highest rank of Research Technician, one
level above Senior Research Technician. (Boston U.)

Supplemental
Instructional Staff

At the
University of Michigan. a term for Adjunct and Visiting Faculty. (U. Mich.)

Supplemental Faculty

Faculty
who supplement the Regular Faculty, e.g., Adjunct and Part-Time faculty. (Wayne
St. U.) At East Central University, all faculty are either Regular Faculty
or Supplemental Faculty. (E. Central U.)

1. "Support Faculty are employed for a limited range of duties.
They have no university governance or voting rights. They are not progressing
toward tenure. They are to assume that their employment ceases at the end of
the term of the contract in effect unless they are offered a new contract or
unless they are considered to be permanent employees of the University."(U. Miss.) See also Academic Support
Faculty. Cf. Regular
Faculty.

2. "Support faculty, which consists of persons, including but not limited to teaching assistants, laboratory assistants, athletic coaches and assistant athletic coaches, who perform predominately office or non-manual work:
(a) Of a confidential nature performed under the direct supervision of a member of the executive faculty; or
(b) Of a predominately intellectual, specialized or technical nature requiring training, experience or knowledge in a field of science, learning or occupation customarily
acquired by a course of specialized intellectual instruction, studies or experience, which is performed under general supervision only and requires the consistent
exercise of discretion and judgment." (U. of Nev. System)

Support Staff with Faculty Rank

A concept analogous to Administrator
with Faculty Rank, in which persons who neither teach nor do research because of
their job responsibilities are nevertheless considered faculty members. "Support staff with faculty rank
are members of the university holding faculty rank of
assistant professor or above who have supervisory responsibility for specific
programs that provide educational opportunities for students, implement academic
procedures, or otherwise support the educational mission of the
university." (Elon U.)

Supported Chair

Similar to an Endowed Chair except that the level
of support is less than 100%.

Systems Engineer

A Systems Faculty
position with Series is {Systems Engineer, Senior Systems
Engineer, Principal Systems Engineer}. The role
differs from that of Research Engineer (which carries Pseudo-Tenure)
in that scholarly publication is not normally expected. (Carnegie Mellon)

Systems Faculty

"It is desirable to make particular provision for those that resemble research faculty positions in level of accomplishment, but are devoted to the implementation, development, or management of research. The holders of these positions shall be
called ... Systems Faculty ... Systems
faculty conduct and support research in basic and applied computer science, and
advance the state of practice. The hallmark of these positions is creativity in
the implementation of research ideas and problem solutions, and in the
management of research programs." (Carnegie Mellon)

Systems Scientist

A title for
researchers whose principal role is to build computer systems pursuant to
external contracts and grants. The Series is {Systems
Scientist, Senior Systems Scientist, Principal Systems Scientist}. The role
differs from that of Research Computer Scientist (which carries Pseudo-Tenure)
in that scholarly publication is not normally expected. (Carnegie Mellon)

Teacher

A term not
normally employed at the college level. A formal title for "persons involved in instruction at pre-University level."
(U. Ind.)

Teaching (generally)

A parenthetical
suffix denoting a non-tenured academic position devoted to teaching.
Example: Associate Professor (Teaching). "In everyday usage, the
parenthetic designation may be removed from the titles of Assistant Professors,
Associate Professors, and Professors holding non-tenure line appointments, but
it is to remain in their titles in official publications, personnel files,
appointment and promotion papers, administrative records, and other similar
contexts." (Stanford)

Teaching Assistant

An "an officer of instruction who is appointed during the academic year for limited periods of service to assist in courses given by an officer of instruction of higher rank.
(Barnard Coll.) A student registered in a professional school who
has formal teaching duties assisting members of the faculty and involving
regular classroom or laboratory contact with students. (Yale) Often used
interchangeably with Teaching Fellow.

A junior
instructional positions given to non-students with credentials more limited than
that of Instructor. Normally occupants do not have the Ph.D.(U. of Washington) "The title teaching associate may be applied to a person carrying a full
teaching load who may also be taking courses at New York University in certain
specified programs." (NYU) Cf. Senior Teaching Associate.

Teaching Associate Professor

See Teaching Professor. (U. Minn.)

Teaching Faculty

One might expect the term to mean
faculty who teach, but it has no universally accepted definition.

1. Those members of the faculty who
have teaching responsibilities, as opposed, for example, to the Research Faculty
or Administrative Faculty. The lines are blurry, since administrators and
Research Professors often teach. "Teaching Faculty are primarily responsible for student instruction, which includes lesson planning and presentation, paper grading, test preparation and administration, committee assignments, and student consultation."
(Valencia C.C.) Cf. Non-Teaching Faculty.

2. Sometimes Teaching Faculty
differs from "Teaching Staff": "The teaching faculty consists of all persons with an appointment to the faculty with one of the following academic ranks: instructor, assistant professor, associate professor, or
professor ... Part-time teachers, adjuncts, and assistant instructors, although members of the teaching staff, are not members of the teaching faculty.
(Calvin Coll.)

A student registered in graduate school who has formal
teaching duties assisting members of the faculty and involving regular classroom
or laboratory contact with students. Teaching fellows may have responsibility
for teaching sections of a multi-section course if supervision is provided by a
regular member of the faculty. Supervision by the faculty will be expected to
include assistance both in planning the work of the sections and in helping
teaching fellows improve their teaching. (Yale) At most institutions no
distinction is made between Teaching Fellow and Teaching Assistant.

Teaching Professor

A nontenured appointment for an
individual with whom the institution desires a long-term relationship, but lacks
the funding to offer Tenure. The non-tenured equivalent of Professor, thus
with the same status as (for example) Research Professor. The Series is
{Assistant Teaching Professor, Associate Teaching Professor, Teaching
Professor}. (U. Minn.)

Teaching-Research Faculty

1. A term used to encompass both
Regular Faculty and Research Faculty. "The Teaching-Research Faculty are
full-time faculty members engaged in teaching, research and service, and, if
appropriate to the appointment, clinical activity." (Creighton U.)

2. A term used to distinguish the
Tenure-Track Faculty from the other Faculties. "Members of the Teaching-and-Research Faculty hold appointments in the academic departments of the University and have the
[unqualified] ranks of Professor, Associate Professor, Assistant Professor and Instructor."
(Notre Dame). Cf. Research Faculty.

2. A Honorific position when
preceded by an appropriate prefix. See also Distinguished Teaching
Scholar, President's Teaching Scholar, University Distinguished Teaching Scholar.

3. A medical school Track for
faculty whose primary role is teaching rather than research. (Brown)

Teaching Specialist

An academic
professional who has primary responsibility for teaching, similar to
Lecturer. The Series is {Teaching Specialist, Senior Teaching Specialist};
these are academic but not faculty ranks. Also used for "unpaid field
professionals ... who provide clinical supervision to undergraduate and graduate
student field experiences." (U. Minn.) At Stanford, the title is
used exclusively in the Department of Athletics, Physical
Education and Recreation. (Stamford)

Technical
Assistant

1. A junior
appointee, usually a student, who participates in the processes of teaching and research but does not possess faculty rank.
(U. Mich.)

2. "[T]here are positions, such as Technical Assistant and Curator, that do not necessarily require advanced degrees. Appointees to these positions will not ordinarily receive tenure."
(Ohio U.)

3. A Casual
Appointment similar to Technical Specialist. (SUNY Potsdam)

Technical Instructor

1. Often used to denote junior faculty who teach
in vocational programs. (Copiah-Lincoln C.C.)

2. The junior rank in the Technical Professor
Series. (Comm. Coll. of R.I.)

3. At MIT, a title denoting a technically trained
person, usually of long experience, who assists in laboratory instruction.
"Members of the armed services on duty with resident ROTC detachments are
appointed to this rank if their duties warrant." (MIT)

4. A probationary appointment as a member of the
U. T. Brownsville faculty in associate degree or certificate programs for
the educational partnership with Texas Southmost College.During the period of probationary
appointment to this rank, the teaching performance and professional promise of
the candidate will be evaluated.(U.
Texas)

Technical Professor

A faculty member who concentrates in technical or
vocational subjects. At the University of Texas at Brownsville, the Series
is {Technical Instructor, Assistant Technical Professor, Associate Technical
Professor, Technical Professor}. At the Community College of Rhode Island,
it is {Technical Instructor, Technical Professor I, Technical Professor II,
Technical Professor III}, the last corresponding in rank to Professor. "Technical
ranks are available only in unusual cases to faculty members in the following
departments: Industrial Technology, Engineering and Engineering Technology, and
Office Administration." (Comm. Coll. R.I.)

Technical
Specialist

A Casual
Appointment at the State University of New York at Potsdam for those "who provide service for a period of less than six weeks per year, customarily on a task or project related basis; or
are appointed on a non-recurring basis. (e.g., to complete a particular finite task with no present intention that they will provide additional service.)"
(SUNY Potsdam)

Technical Staff Member

A title used primarily at Princeton for research
staff having academic qualifications. (Princeton) See also Senior
Technical Staff Member.

Temporary (generally)

A prefix meaning that the incumbent
has been appointed because of exigency or emergency, often without having been
thoroughly vetted.

"Under
limited circumstances, such as to replace faculty on leave, to fill vacancies
that occur too late for any appropriate search to be conducted for a
tenure-track faculty appointment, to fill a vacancy resulting from an
unsuccessful search to fill a tenure-track

appointment, or to staff an experimental program, persons may be
appointed astemporary faculty."
(American U.) See also Temporary Appointment, Temporary Faculty.

Temporary Appointment

"A “temporary appointment”
means an appointment for a specified period of time, which shall be indicated in
the offer letter. It will not lead to tenure consideration." (Ariz. St.
U.) "An appointment of one year or less."
(U. Cal. S.F.) It is very difficult to discern any difference among
Fixed-Term Appointment, Term Appointment, and Temporary Appointment.
"A temporary appointment shall be an appointment which may be terminated at anytime.
Temporary appointments ordinarily shall be given only when service is to be
part-time ... voluntary, or anticipated to be for a period of one year or less, or
when an employee's initial appointment in the University is made to a position vacated by a
professional employee who is serving a probationary appointment ... A
temporary appointment is also appropriate whenever a position has been vacated by an employee
on approved leave." (SUNY Albany) Cf. Permanent Appointment.

Temporary Faculty

It would be so simple if Temporary
Faculty consisted of faculty with Temporary Appointments. However, the
term has several different meanings.

1. "Temporary faculty include visiting, adjunct, in-residence, and
clinical faculty; and lecturers. These may be full-time or part-time." (U.
Ca.) "Temporary Faculty" means all employees whose titles are Lecturer, Tutor, Trainer, Teacher, Visiting Professor, Adjunct Faculty, and other teaching personnel who do not hold the rank of instructor or above."
(Lewis & Clark Coll.)

2. At some institutions, Temporary
Faculty refers only to Visiting Faculty. (Idaho St.) At others, to
Visiting and Adjunct Faculty (U. Ill.)

3. "Faculty members who hold a full-time or part-time appointment of one year or
less with no implication of reappointment." (Cameron U.)

4. At other institutions, Temporary
truly means Temporary. "Under limited circumstances, such as to replace faculty on leave, to fill vacancies that occur too late for any appropriate search to be conducted for a tenure-track faculty appointment, to fill a vacancy resulting from an unsuccessful search to fill a tenure track appointment, or to staff an experimental program, persons may be appointed as a temporary faculty."
(American U.) Sometimes these are called Emergency Appointments.

Tenurable Rank

A rank carrying
the possibility of an award of tenure. At most institutions, only the
Regular Faculty or Ladder Ranks are tenurable. Cf. Untenurable Rank.

"Tenure is a means to certain ends, specifically: (1) freedom of teaching and scholarship, research, and creative activity, and of extramural activities, and (2) a sufficient degree of economic security to make the profession attractive to men and women of ability. Freedom and economic security, hence tenure, are indispensable to the success of an institution in fulfilling its obligations to its students and to society."
(S.W. Missouri St. U.)

Tenure is
variously defined, often incorrectly. Here is an excellent definition:
"Tenure means the status granted (after a probationary period ...) to a
Ranked Faculty member protecting him or her from arbitrary dismissal. Tenure gives the faculty member the contractual right to be reemployed for succeeding academic years until he or she resigns, retires, is dismissed for cause, is separated pursuant to a reduction in force, or becomes disabled or dies."
(S.W. Missouri St. U.) "Tenure
is the privilege of holding an appointment as an associate professor or
professor until retirement, resignation, or termination for cause. Tenure
resides with the university, not with a department or academic program."
(Rice) Also called Indefinite Tenure, Tenure of Office. Cf. Pseudo-Tenure.

Tenure-Accruing

Describes
positions that are either tenured or carry the possibility of Tenure. (U.
Va.) More commonly Tenure-Track. Sometimes Tenure-Earning. Cf. Title with Limited Term.

Tenure-Earning

Capable of
ultimately being awarded Tenure. To be Tenure-Earning ne must be in a
Tenure-Track position. (N. Mich. U.)

Tenure-in-Position

A status
apparently unique to Lewis & Clark Law School, under which a faculty member
may receive tenure in an administrative post, such as Legal Writing Director,
through application of different standards (more suitable for the specified
position) than would be applied to a regular academic position.

A promotion sequence leading ultimately to the award of Tenure
provided that the incumbent continues to meet progressively more stringent
criteria for advancement. "A tenure track position is one which may lead to consideration for appointment to tenure."
(U. Alaska) At most institutions, the Tenure Track consists only of the
ranks {Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Professor}. Sometimes
Instructor is included at the low end of the Series.

An academic
appointment for a specific term or years, as opposed to an Indefinite
Appointment, which carries Tenure. (LSU)

Term Faculty

"In some
instances faculty not on the tenure track serve on annual renewable contracts of
half-time or more. These appointments entail fulfilling the range of
responsibilities of a full-time faculty member (teaching, advising,
institutional service and scholarship). Term faculty are required to meet the
appointment qualifications of full-time faculty." (Gordon Coll.)
"Term faculty are regular faculty who hold contracts that are generally for twelve months but may be for a shorter period of time. Most term faculty members hold the rank of instructor; however, they may hold any rank from instructor to professor.
" (Hawaii Pacific U.) Term Faculty titles, such as Associate
Professor, are often indistinguishable from Regular faculty titles.

Term Professor

A rare designation for a Professor
without tenure, who holds only a Term appointment to perform some limited service in their area of
expertise. The rank of the appointment is dependent upon the qualifications of the individual.
The Series is {Term Assistant professor, Term Associate Professor, Term
Professor}. (Barnard Coll.)

Terminal Appointment

An academic appointment made with the specific
intent that no further reappointment will be made after the end date. (U. Cal.
San Diego) "A Terminal Appointment is an appointment used when a decision has been made to terminate a faculty member at the
end of the appointment period." (U. Alaska)

Terminal Contract

"A terminal contract is a one-year contract
that follows a negative decision, made at or following the mid-probationary
review, on the retention of a tenure-track faculty member. A terminal contract
is the last faculty contract a faculty member may receive at this University
unless the decision to terminate is overturned." (U. N.M.)

Third Century Professor

This sounds like an Honorific title in itself but in
fact denotes several Named Chairs at Dartmouth and Williams College (Dartmouth, Williams).

A designation describing one or more aspects of
a faculty or academic staff member's function, rank, or status. Even for
incumbents holding only one position, there may be a multiplicity of titles used
in different circumstances. For example, the Official Title is the title
authorized by the charter of the institution or its governing body and appears
on the incumbent's letter of appointment, e.g. Associate Professor Without
Tenure. The Working Title is the name by which the Official Title appears
on public documents such as the institution's catalog, telephone directory, and
the incumbent's business card, e.g. Associate Professor of French. The
Functional Title describes what the incumbent actually does, e.g. "Director
of Graduate Studies, Department of French." Most institutions make no
distinction between Functional Title and Working Title. See also
Classification Title, Operational Title.

Title Series

Another term for Series. "Academic
titles which carry a rank designation (i.e., Assistant, Associate) for which
promotion from one rank to a higher rank is possible are designated as a title
series. For example, the Professor series consists of the titles: Assistant
Professor, Associate Professor, and Professor." (U. Cal. San Diego)

Titled Faculty

This does not refer to British nobility teaching
in universities, but is simply a term used generally to distinguish non-Tenure Track
faculty from the Regular Faculty or Ranked Faculty. "A titled faculty member is one who has been appointed without rank to a faculty position, and include lecturer, adjunct, affiliate, visiting lecturer, emeritus faculty and
artist-in-residence." (N.W. Mo. St. U.) At many institutions
the term Special Faculty is used. At some institutions Titled Faculty are
not necessarily tenured. "The eight academic titles approved by the University include Lecturer, Adjunct Faculty, Visiting Faculty, Faculty/Research Associate, Faculty-in-Residence, Endowed Chair/Professorship, Distinguished Service Professor, Alcee Fortier Distinguished Professor, and Distinguished Professor. It should be stressed that a title is an honor with no attached tenure rights.
The faculty member holding the title may be on individual term, probationary, or tenure contract."
(Nicholls U.)

Title with Limited Term

A designation used at the University of Virginia
in contrast to Tenure-Accruing. (U. Va.)

Track (generally)

A sequence of positions in normal promotion
sequence, often centered on a particular specialty. Also, a Series of titles arranged in order of
rank. For example, the Tenure Track is commonly {Assistant Professor,
Associate Professor, Professor}, while the Librarian Track may be {Librarian,
Senior Librarian, Principal Librarian}. The definition of a particular Track may
specify the incumbent's responsibilities or allocation of time. See, e.g.,
Investigator Track. A large number of tracks exist; many are unique to a
single institution. Occasionally a Track is referred to as a Line.

Traditional Track

A designation used in some medical schools to distinguish the
standard Series {Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Professor} from
clinical and other Series. "Individuals who achieve excellence in research and teaching are eligible for appointment in this track."
(Yale) Cf. Non-Traditional Track.

A non-faculty academic rank for persons engaged
in professional training activities, usually under external funding, analogous
to the Research Scholar and Research Scientist tracks. The Series is
{Junior Training Specialist, Assistant Training Specialist, Associate Training
Specialist, Training Specialist, and Senior Training Specialist}. (NYU)

Trustee Professor

A Honorific title granted by a small number of institutions, including Bentley
College, St. Bonaventure, Syracuse University, the University of Indiana, University
of Pennsylvania. Equivalent to Trustees' Professor.

Trustees Distinguished
Professor

A rare title
conferred by only a few institutions but when awarded it is usually the highest
academic title at the institution. Apparently used only at Indiana State,
Ohio State and the University of Delaware. Equivalent to Board of Trustees
Distinguished Professor.

Trustees' Professor

1. An Honorific equivalent to Regents
Professor. "From time to time, the Board may choose to recognize extraordinary service
... by a ... professor. The official title of this honor is Trustees Professor of (Department), and it will be awarded only occasionally and on a highly selective basis. The Board will normally confer certain ancillary benefits upon recipients of this honor."
(Col. School of Mines) See also Board of Trustees Professor, Trustee
Professor.

2. In the State of West Virginia System, a title awarded
to that
state's former university presidents: "To ensure that the institution and
the state system of higher education as a whole may continue to profit from the
President's accumulated experience and insight, a Trustees' Professorship may be
awarded to a President who has served at least five (5) years as President of an
institution under the governance of the West Virginia Board of Trustees and has
been recommended by the Chancellor." (W.V.U.)

Tutor

A student engaged in individual or group
instructional activities in support of regular academic programs. Under
supervision, a Tutor’s duties may include: individual tutoring sessions, group
tutoring sessions, presentation at workshops, and other duties as assigned. (U.
Ca. Berkeley) [U.
Mo.]

Tutor in Law

A rank,
apparently unique to Yale, for law
school graduates who assist members of the faculty in courses or seminars,
especially in the forensic or services programs, on a part-time basis. (Yale)

"The title University Distinguished
Professor is available to those exceptional scholars and teachers who are
appointed as Distinguished Professors and whose work extends beyond traditional
academic fields and disciplinary lines. University Distinguished Professors will
be selected for their record of extraordinary accomplishment in research and
teaching and their promise for continued contributions. They will be persons of
demonstrated intellectual leadership whose broad vision and scholarly interests
are likely to bring together diverse segments of the University in both research
and teaching. University Distinguished Professors are therefore expected to work
with and tangibly influence the faculty and students of the broader University
community rather than primarily those of one school."
(Vanderbilt)"The
university distinguished professorship is a pre-eminent faculty rank bestowed by
the university board of visitors upon members of the university faculty whose
scholarly attainments have attracted national and/or international recognition.
The professorship is to be bestowed upon no more than one percent of the total
full-time faculty at any time." (Va. Tech.) "The title of University Distinguished Professor is a lifetime title that represents the highest honor Kansas State University can bestow on its faculty, an award that recognizes those making outstanding contributions to teaching, research, and service to their professions and communities."
(Kansas St.) Indistinguishable from Distinguished University
Professor.

University Distinguished Professor-at-Large

Possibly the rarest academic title in the United
States, apparently held by only a single incumbent at North Carolina State
University. (N.C. St. U.)

University
Distinguished Teaching Scholar

"The purposes of the University Distinguished Teaching Scholars are 1) to confer honor upon faculty members for outstanding teaching, and 2) to symbolize the continuing commitment of Colorado State University to the pursuit of excellence.
The title of "University Distinguished Teaching Scholar" is conferred upon the most outstanding faculty members of Colorado State University for the duration of their association with the institution. Upon retirement, those holding the title will be designated a Distinguished Teaching Scholar Emeritus. The title of University Distinguished Teaching Scholar does not refer to another academic rank analogous to Professor or Associate Professor. All persons who hold this title must have as a precondition the rank of Professor and must have tenure."
(Col. St.) Cf. Distinguished Teaching Scholar.

University
Emeritus Professor

An honorific title, apparently unique to the
Colorado School of Mines. "A tenured academic faculty member holding the rank of professor who has completed ten or more years of full-time service
... and has provided unusually distinguished service during that period shall be eligible for the title of University Emeritus Professor at the time of his or her retirement.
Although seldom awarded, this title may be conferred upon a faculty member by the Board in recognition for outstanding dedication and service."
(Col. School of Mines)

University Faculty

1. Generally an unofficial term for all Faculty
Members associated with a University, but having a special, more restricted
meaning at some institutions. At the University of Idaho, for example,
University Faculty is synonymous with Regular faculty, while General Faculty is
used as the all-inclusive term comprising the other faculties such as emeriti
and affiliates. (U. Idaho)

2. Sometimes the term has a specialized meaning
that is not all-inclusive. "The University shall consist of the President, the Executive Vice President and Provost, the academic deans, the
Regular, Research, Librarian and Educator Faculty." (U. Miami) This
definition deliberately omits the Associated Faculty, who are not members of the
University Faculty but form part of the General Faculty.

University Fellow

1. A widely-used but confusing term, as it is
used for both distinguished faculty and beginning graduate students. As a
faculty Honorific, it sometimes carries an endowed salary or honorarium.
The basis for awarding it varies greatly from institution to institution.At Southwest Missouri State
University the award of this title is based on performance in teaching, research/creative activity and
service. The incumbent must have an extraordinary record in one area of
accomplishment and a sustained record in the remaining two areas of accomplishment.
The status is granted for a period of three academic years and carries with it an automatic six-hour-per-semester time assignment to
pursue scholarship and activities in the category of accomplishment for which the award is given.
Formerly the title was Distinguished Scholar. (S.W. Mo. St.)

2. The holder of a prestigious fellowship.
normally awarded to one or more outstanding graduate students. Not an
academic position. "Each department may nominate two applicants to its PhD program for the prestigious University Fellowships, which provide four years of full funding (tuition and stipend). Recipients of these awards are designated 'University Fellow' and participate in a special program that includes mentoring, special lectures, and other activities."
(Georgetown)

University Librarian

A tenured
academic position equivalent in rank to Professor (U. Fl.)
The highest rank in the Series {Assistant University Librarian, Associate
University Librarian, University Librarian}. Usually also an administrative post in charge of the institution's libraries.

University-Named
Professorship

One of a
prescribed set of Endowed titles at Penn State University with a specific syntax:
(name of donor) University {Professorship, Senior Scientist or Librarianship} in
(name of discipline). The purpose of these positions is to " supplement departmental support for outstanding University faculty in order to provide a holder of the professorship with the resources necessary to continue and further the scholar's contributions to teaching, research, and public service."
(Pa. State)

University
Preceptor

1. An Honorific
title at a small number of institutions, including Princeton and Southern
Illinois University. See Preceptor.

2. At the University of
Cincinnati it has replaced the title Voluntary Professor for doctors who
supervise medical interns. (U. Cinn.)

University Professor

1. An extremely complimentary title awarded to
faculty who have done work of exceptional distinction or whose accomplishments
cut across several departments or schools. "An appointment, primarily prestigious in a specific discipline, to bestow upon an individual an academic rank that transcends departmental and disciplinary lines, allowing each designated individual the greatest latitude in teaching, writing, and scholarly research."
(U. of Ala. Huntsville) "This special title may be conferred only upon individuals who
have achieved exceptional scholarly or professional distinction within the
academic community; whose achievements transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries;
and whose appointment will enhance the reputation and prestige of the university."
(Brandeis) Some institutions (e.g.
American University and Carnegie Mellon) have both University Professors and
Distinguished Professors. "Designation as a University Professor
recognizes eminence in several fields of study, transcending accomplishments in
and contributions to a single discipline. National and, where appropriate,
international recognition in at least one field is required. These individuals
are also expected to contribute to the intellectual advancement of their home
departments and schools, to other departments and schools, and to the
institution as a whole." (U. of Pittsburgh) "A University Professor is a full-time, fully affiliated
professor whose accomplishments and abilities transcend departmental lines and
whose continued contributions through the years merit recognition by the
university as a whole. A University Professor may also be one whose ability to
create scholarly works, works of art, or to do research would be enhanced by an
extra-departmental assignment. In essence, a University Professor serves as a
role model for all within the university community.(Wright State)

2. "The title University Professor is similar to that of University Distinguished Professor, except that the requirements for scholarly distinction are less stringent for University Professor. With respect to other features, such as breadth of contributions, appointments in more than one school, and procedural matters, both titles have identical expectations."
(Vanderbilt)

University Research Professor

A variation on University Professor specifically
recognizing research. (U. Ala.)

University Scholar

An Honorific for the junior faculty ranks. "A
candidate for University Scholar will demonstrate substantial creativity and
scholarship in their field of expertise. Evidence of scholarship will
include all or most of the following: an exceptional
record of sustained publication of peer-reviewed books, papers, creative works,
articles in archival quality professional journals, a
high degree of citation of these published works by peers, discipline
appropriate attainment of major extramural grants and contracts, and
evidence of early national recognition among their peers." (U.
Louisville) Cf. Distinguished Scholar, which at the University of
Louisville requires evidence of an international reputation.

In the State University System of Florida,
University School ranks are responsible for planning and conducting classes for
students in the Developmental Research School, a K-12 institution at which
potential teachers receive training. The Series is {University School
Instructor, University School Assistant Professor, University
School Associate Professor, University School Professor. (State Univ. of Fl.)

University School Assistant Professor

Responsible for planning and conducting classes
for students in the developmental research school, including activities and
learning experiences appropriate to K-12 students, and assisting in the
supervision of university students. See University School.
(State U. of Fl.)

1. A
University Professor title qualified to indicate that the award has come through
dedicated service to the institutions. The title more frequently occurs as
Distinguished University Service professor. (Lehigh)

2. An
authorized rank at Florida State University at the top of the Series {University
Service Assistant Professor, University Service Associate Professor, University
Service Professor} (Fl. St.)

University-Year
Appointment

A term,
apparently unique to the University of Michigan, for Academic-Year Appointment. "A University-year appointment is composed of
two of the three full terms." (U. Mich.)

Unmodified Rank

A Regular
Faculty rank, without any modifier such as Research, Clinical, Adjunct, etc.,
but which may include the modifiers Assistant or Associate. (Duke, Tufts, U. of
Okla.) Cf. Modified Rank.

Unpaid Visitor

Believe it
or not, an academic title. "[P]eople who are invited to spend time at Northwestern University to conduct research of interest to the visitor and are approved and appointed by the Associate Vice President for Research.
Unpaid visitors are not considered University employees and may be appointed as visiting scholars, postdoctoral fellows, or visiting predoctoral fellows.
Unpaid visitors are commonly faculty who are on leave or sabbatical; persons visiting Northwestern from other institutions in order to collaborate with Northwestern faculty; persons who have portable grant funding who have chosen to come to Northwestern to conduct their research; and persons who have sought external funding to conduct research at Northwestern."
(Northwestern)

Unqualified Rank

A
little-used term for general faculty ranks not restricted to any particularly
type of service (such as Clinical, Practice, etc.), specifically Instructor,
Assistant Professor, Associate Professor and Professor and the Librarian ranks.
(Seton Hall) Generally, the Regular Faculty rank, also known as Unmodified
Rank. Possibly the rarity of the designation is due to negative
connotation of the adjective "unqualified," which does not look
impressive on one's resume. Cf. Qualified
Rank.

Unranked
Faculty

A synonym
for Extraordinary Faculty. "Any part-time or full-time employee ... whose primary responsibility
is teaching and who does not hold an appointment which makes him/her eligible for
senior faculty status or promotion." (Okla. Baptist Univ.) "Unranked faculty are non-tenure-track term faculty, adjunct faculty, Teaching Fellows, and Assistant Instructors who are not eligible for tenure and promotion in rank."
(Delmar Coll.)

Unranked title

A generic title conveying no indicator of rank,
e.g. Artist, Preceptor, etc., as opposed to a ranked title, which carries or is
capable of carry a rank designator, such as Associate Professor or Principal
Librarian. See also Faculty Member without Rank.

Untenurable Rank

A rank not carrying the possibility of an award of
tenure. At most institutions, faculty other then Regular Faculty normally
occupy untenurable ranks such as Lecturer, Research Professor and Special
Faculty positions. (Brown) A synonym of Nontenurable Rank. Cf. Tenurable
Rank.

1. A prefix denoting that the
incumbent's permanent academic appointment is at an institution (the Home
Institution) other
than the Host Institution at which the incumbent is a visitor. The prefix is normally applied to the title
held at the Home Institution except where the resulting designation would be
confusing or inaccurate because of a difference in usage between the two institutions.
The prefix is "used for professionals outside the University who are
appointed temporarily to a special faculty assignment. Appointments vary
from a few weeks, to a semester, to a year."(U. Conn.) "The Visiting prefix is used to designate one who (a) either has held, or is on leave or retired from, a relevant position in an academic institution; or (b) whose research, creative activities, or professional achievement make a Visiting appointment appropriate."
(UCLA) See also Unpaid Visitor. "A person who is on leave from the full‑time teaching faculty of an accredited college or university or from a comparable educational, research, or policy institution may be appointed on an annual basis as Visiting Professor, Visiting Associate Professor, or Visiting Assistant Professor."
(American U.) "At some
institutions a Visiting position without compensation is referred to as
Honorary. (Rutgers)

2. The title
"visiting" is limited to persons who hold professorial rank, usually
who are on leave from another institution or professorial affiliation. (U. Va.)

Visiting Artist

A title for individuals who have
"academic or professional positions at other institutions or who have
outstanding artistic merit." (U. Mont.)

A person with some scholarly or professional achievement beyond the normal terminal degree may be appointed by the dean of the faculty as visiting associate in the
... for residence of one semester or one academic year to assist in the conduct of his or her own scholarship."
(Harvard)

2. "The
title Visiting Associate Professor [is] used to designate a special category of
faculty who are outstanding scientists and/or clinicians, who contribute to the
scholarly activities of the School of Medicine and who are not employed by a
for-profit organization." (Johns Hopkins)

Visiting Engineer

A visiting faculty member engaged
primarily in research in an engineering discipline. Among academic
institutions this title is virtually unique to MIT. (MIT)

Visiting Exchange Professor

"The title Visiting Exchange
Professor may be granted to scholars who hold full time appointments at other
academic or research institutions, normally at the rank of Professor, who come
to New York University in accordance with an exchange agreement between New York
University and the other institution, authorized by the Office of the Vice
Chancellor." (NYU) See Exchange.

Visiting Executive Professor

"This group is made up of full professors in the Wharton School who have held very senior positions in business or government. They impart real-world knowledge to students and serve as role models and advisors as well."
(U. of PA)

Visiting Faculty

"Visiting Faculty are faculty
members who retain an appointment and academic rank at another (home)
institution of higher education and who leave that institution for a stipulated
period of time to engage in teaching, research, service or, if appropriate to
the position, clinical activity." (Creighton U.) See Visiting.

Visiting Fellow

A faculty
member who joins and works with an institutional faculty member for a limited
time exclusively in research, no University funds being involved. (U. of
Col. at Boulder)

Visiting Instructor

The lowest rank
of visiting faculty. (Marquette) At some institutions the title is
reserved for visitors not possessing a doctorate. (Wellesley) See Visiting.

Visiting Postdoctoral Scholar

A training
position for those possessing a doctoral degree. (U. Cal. S.F.)

Visiting
Predoctoral Fellow

An exquisitely
rare title, apparently confined to Northwestern University. "Visiting predoctoral fellows are graduate students from other institutions who are studying at Northwestern for short periods, working with faculty to learn research techniques or to use specialized facilities."
(Northwestern)

Visiting Professional

A title for
individuals who have been successful in their fields but do not necessarily have
a Ph.D. or tenure rank. (U. T. Austin)

Visiting Professional
Researcher

A Research Track at UCLA. The Series is {Visiting Assistant Researcher,
Visiting Associate Researcher, Visiting Researcher}. (U.C.L.A}. "[A]ppointees are typically scientists visiting from another
institution." (U. Cal. S.F.)

Visiting Professor>

1. A generic term meaning a
member of the Visiting Faculty.

2. A member of the Visiting
Faculty whose Home Institution rank is Professor.

Visiting Professor by Rank

"The title Visiting Professor is assigned to an individual who has or did have ranked appointment (Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, or Professor) at another college or university or the professional equivalent
..." (St. Johns U.) Generally, a visiting faculty member who is given the rank
held at his or her Home Institution. See by Rank.

Visiting Researcher

1. "Appointment as Visiting Research or Project Scientist may be made for established scholars with a permanent position at a university, college or research institute who are engaged in
[the host institution's] research programs with no teaching responsibilities. Such appointments normally are made at the rank and salary of the home institution."
(U. Ca. San Diego)

2. A miscellaneous special title at the University of Arkansas
Medical School. (U. Ark.)

Visiting Scholar

1.
The
Visiting Scholar title is an honorary title awarded to persons who hold
professorial (including research titles) positions at other institutions and
who are visiting the University but who are not employed by the University
during their stay. The purpose of this title is recognition of the visitor's
presence at the University, and to make University facilities and privileges
(library, etc.) available. (U. if Wash.) Similarly, "Those persons designated Visiting Scholar are visitors to Vanderbilt who have faculty status at other institutions of higher education or are otherwise distinguished, and whose presence on the campus is formally recognized for periods of up to a year in order to use the library, to observe the conduct of a particular course, to consult with a professor or group of faculty members on a matter of common interest, or to pursue some other valid academic purpose. A Visiting Scholar normally does not have formal duties to perform at Vanderbilt and is not a member of the faculty."
(Vanderbilt) "Visiting scholars are elected, often for short terms, so that they may
participate in scholarly or research activities in a sponsoring department or
school. They serve without pay and usually do not participate formally in
instruction." (U. Va.)

2. At the University of St. Louis, a junior
position equivalent to Visiting Instructor. (St. Louis U.)

Visiting Senior Instructor

A rank created "to allow long serving members
the opportunity to be appointed to a rank that will be paid at 1/3 of the way
from Visiting Instructor to Visiting Assistant. This new rank is designed for
faculty who have a Master's degree and do not possess a terminal degree, but who
in all other respects meet the qualifications for the Assistant Visiting
Professor rank." (Ma. State Coll. System)

2. Title for an individual from a non-university scientific
institution who does not hold an academic title. (Harvard Med. Sch.) [U. Cinn.]

3. At the University of St. Louis,
equivalent to Visiting Instructor. (St. Louis U.)

Vocational Teacher

A Series, primarily at Tennessee
Tech, where the faculty includes those who hold academic rank as "senior
vocational teacher, intermediate vocational teacher, vocational teacher, and
instructor at the area schools." (Tenn. Tech.)

A synonym of Volunteer Faculty.
"The purpose of [the Voluntary] track is to recognize with qualified academic rank those physicians and other health care professionals who give voluntarily of their time to the academic programs of
[the institution], most often in teaching and clinical roles." (SUNY
Upstate)

Volunteer

A prefix indicating faculty who
receive no compensation or slight compensation for their services. An
extensive collection of Series exist at the University of Cincinnati. (See
the Series Appendix).

Volunteer Faculty

The set of faculty members who are uncompensated or minimally
compensated, especially in medical schools, indicated by the prefix Volunteer.
"The appointments afford an effective mechanism for exchange of information
between the practicing community of medicine and the School of Medicine. For the
physician teacher, they represent a form of continuing education along with the
satisfaction of teaching. Volunteer Clinical Faculty are appointed on a without
salary basis and receive no University compensation." (U. Ca. Davis)
"A volunteer faculty member is a professional person who is appointed to
the faculty in recognition of professional services performed on behalf of The
University of Tennessee Health Science Center and without monetary compensation
or regular benefits from the University. A faculty member should perform
some specified service for the University (either at the University or through
an institution affiliated with the University) as a condition of receiving and
maintaining an academic title. Academic activity includes almost any
health science school-related activity, such as teaching of students
(undergraduate or graduate, residents and fellows), committee work, research,
planning or attending educational sessions, preparation of educational
materials, or similar activity." (U. Tenn.) Also Contributed Service faculty.

Voting Faculty

Generally, those faculty permitted to
vote in the faculty senate or equivalent representative body as specified in the
institution's bylaws. Sometimes, faculty who vote at departmental faculty
meetings. The composition of the Voting Faculty varies widely by
institution. "The voting faculty consists of all persons under full-time
contract who have completed a residence of one year at the University and who
are tenured or, in the case of librarians and archivists, are on continuing
appointment or who hold appointments that make them eligible for tenure or
continuing appointment." (Texas Tech.) "Voting Faculty consists of professors, associate professors, assistant professors and instructors who are members of the College faculty, have full-time appointments and whose primary appointment is in the College."
(U. Ky.) "The voting faculty consists of the President of the College, the Provost, the Dean of Education, the professional librarians, and the full-time personnel with faculty rank who are teaching at least one catalogue course that semester."
(Georgetown Coll.)

with Rank of (generally)

A phrase indicating equivalence of a
particular position to that of the Ranked Faculty. On rare occasion, the
phrase is part of an Official Title, as in
Lecturer With Rank of Associate Professor, Librarian with Rank of Assistant
Professor. (U. Idaho, Princeton)

With Tenure

A suffix, often parenthetical, denoting that the
incumbent has been awarded tenure. Cf. Without
Tenure.

with Term

A suffix meaning that the incumbent is not in the
Tenure Track. Example: Associate Professor with Term. (Lewis & Clark
Coll.)

A suffix, often
parenthetical, denoting that the incumbent does not have Tenure.

At the University
of Washington, where it is abbreviated WOT, this designation is used in two
different situations: (1) the incumbent is
qualified for tenure but is Without
Tenure by Reason of Funding; (2) the incumbent's record at the time of initial appointment lacks some of the evidence
required for tenure (for example, a distinguished scholar without teaching
experience). A mandatory tenure review must be conducted in the second year of
the appointment; the tenure recommendation (approval, postponement, or denial)
is voted on by all eligible Associate Professors and full Professors in the
department. If the decision is postponed for one year and denied the next year,
the appointment is extended to a fourth and final year.(U. of Washington)

A term, unique to the University of Washington,
denoting that the incumbent is otherwise qualified to hold tenure but has not
been granted tenure because all or part of his/her annual
University-administered salary is derived from sources other than regularly
appropriated state funds. Except for this distinction, these faculty members
have the same rights, responsibilities, and obligations as tenure-track and
tenured faculty members at the corresponding ranks. The description of their
duties and qualifications for promotion and salary increases for reasons of
merit are the same. Except for termination of funding, or for reasons of program
elimination such faculty members are not subject to removal, or discriminatory
reduction in salary, except for cause. Abbreviated WOT, as in "Professor
WOT." (U. of Wash.)

"This title
is used for persons whose literary accomplishments qualify them for appointment
to an academic department." Persons holding only this faculty title are members
ofthe Support Faculty and are not
eligible for tenure or promotion.(U.
Miss.)

Year-to-Year Appointment

"A 'year-to-year appointment' means that academic professionals so employed shall have no expectation of employment beyond the end of the current appointment period, which may be for a fiscal year or less. There is no time limit to the number of appointment periods to which a person employed under a year-to-year contract may be appointed. Continuation is determined by performance, availability of funding, and need for the person’s expertise."
(Ariz. St. U.)