This book is a collection of papers on a fundamentally new concept in physics — the photon's magnetic field, B π . It discusses various applications of B π to predict the existence of new magneto-optic phenomena and to reinterpret some of the fundamentals of optics in terms of B π of the photon. One of these new phenomena,... more...

Richard Giberson and Richard Demaree, Jr, have collected a wide range of time-saving microwave techniques for processing biological samples for evaluation by many different microscopic methods. Described in step-by-step detail by hands-on researchers, these readily reproducible protocols include both optimized classic methods and such state-of-the... more...

NMR is an analytical tool used by chemists and physicists to study the structure and dynamics of molecules. In recent years, no other technique has gained such significance as NMR spectroscopy. It is used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution... more...

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an analytical tool used by chemists and physicists to study the structure and dynamics of molecules. In recent years, no other technique has gained such significance as NMR spectroscopy. It is used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required and in which the nature of interactions... more...

High brightness metal vapor lasers have become the most bright and powerful in the visible spectral range among all existing laser types, resulting in numerous applications ranging from purely fundamental research to practical application in large-scale commercial problems such as isotope selection. This book presents a full series of fundamental... more...

Neutrinos can arguably be labeled as the most fascinating elementary particles known as their small but non-zero rest mass points to new mass generating mechanisms beyond the Standard Model, and also assigns primordial neutrinos from the Big Bang a distinct role in shaping the evolution of large-scale structures in the universe. The open question of... more...

This timely book introduces the fundamental measurement concepts of the rapidly evolving atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques for electrical characterization (EFM). It describes experimental approaches and setups, as well as challenges to overcome, and it also provides a wide range of real-world examples illustrating the method. This comprehensive... more...