Bariatric Surgery

Vertical banded gastroplasty

upper stomach near the esophagus is stapled vertically to reduce it to a small pouch. a band is then inserted that restricts food consumption and delays its passage from the pouch, causing a feeling of fullness

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB)

Stomach is first stapled to descrease it to a small pouch. Next, the jejunum is shortened and connected to the small stomach pouch, causing the base of the duodenum leading from the nonfunctioning portion of the stomach to form a Y configuration. This configuration decreases the pathway of food through the intestine, thus reducing absorption of calories and fats

dia-

post-

extra-

hypo-

ab-

ultra-

mouth

tongue

consists mostly of skeletal muscle; attached in the posterior region of the mouth; it provides movement of food for mastication, directs food to the pharynx for swallowing, and is a major organ for taste and speech

salivary glands

liver

bile ducts

passageways that carry bile; the hepatic duct is a passageway for bile from the liver, and the cystic duct carries bile from the gallbladder. They join to form the common bile duct, which conveys bile to the duodenum; these passageways are referred to as the biliary tract

cirrhosis

crohn disease

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usually affecting the ileum and characterized by cobblestone ulcerations and the formation of scar tissue that may lead to intestinal obstruction; also called regiional ileitis or regional enteristis

gingiva

temporomandibular joint

formed at the back of the mouth where the maxillary and mandibular arches come together. the maxillary arch, which is part of the skull, does not move. the mandibular arch, which is a separate bone, is the moveable component of this joint

esophagus

lower esophageal sphincter

cardiac sphincter; gastroesophageal sphincter; a muscular ring that controls the flow between the esophagus and stomach. the sphincter normally opens to allow the flow of food into the stomach and closes to prevent the stomach contents from regurgitating into the esophagus

anorectal

an/o

anus

rect/o

rectum

liver

a large organ located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. it has several important functions related to removing toxins from the blood and turning food into the fuel and nutrients the body needs. it removes excess glucose and stores it as glycogen. when the blood sugar is low, it converts glycogen back into glucose and releases it for use by the body. it also destroys old RBCs, removes toxins from the blood and manufactures some blood proteins

gallbladder

cholecyst/o

gallbladder

pancreas

a soft, 6' long oblong gland that is located behind the stomach. this gland has important roles in both the digestive and endocrine systems. it produces and secretes pancreatic juices that aid in digestion and contain sodium bicarbonate to help neutralize stomach acids and digestive enzymes