Definitions:
Percent of all live births where the newborn weighs 2,500 grams (5.5 pounds) or more. The data reflect the mother’s place of residence, not the place where the birth occurred. Births of unknown weight are not included in these calculations. Births where mother’s Hispanic status is unknown are counted as non-Hispanic.

Data Source:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics,Vital Statistics.

Footnotes:
Updated: October 2017
S - Data with 20 or fewer cases are suppressed.
N.A.- Data are not available.

Definitions:
The share of children ages 3 to 5 enrolled in nursery school or kindergarten during the previous two months.
"Nursery school" and "preschool" include any group or class of institution providing educational experiences for children during the years
preceding kindergarten.
Places where instruction is an integral part of the program are included, but private homes that primarily provide
custodial care are not included. Children enrolled in programs sponsored by federal, state or local agencies to provide preschool education to young children--including Head Start programs--are considered as enrolled in nursery school or preschool.
Children enrolled in first grade are excluded from this analysis.

Data Source:
Population Reference Bureau, analysis of data from the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey.

Footnotes:
Updated: October 2017
S - Estimates suppressed when the coefficient of variation is greater than or equal to 30.
N.A.- Estimates are not available.

Definitions:
Fourth grade public school students who scored at or above proficient on reading achievement tests, as measured and defined by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) reading test.
For a more detailed description of achievement levels see: http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/Reading/achieveall.asp. Public schools include charter schools and exclude Bureau of Indian Education schools and Department of Defense Education Activity schools.

Data Source:
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Available online at http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/.

Definitions:
8th grade public school students’ mathematics achievement levels, as measured and defined by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP).
For a more detailed description of achievement levels see: http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/Mathematics/achieveall.asp. Public schools include charter schools and exclude Bureau of Indian Education schools and Department of Defense Education Activity schools.

Data Source:
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Available online at http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard.

Why This Indicator Matters

Students who graduate from high school on time are more likely to continue to postsecondary education and training; they are more employable and have higher incomes than students who fail to graduate. High school graduates also have better health outcomes, make healthier choices and are less likely to engage in risky behaviors.

Definitions:
The estimated percentage of an entering freshman class graduating in 4 years.
The measure is derived from the Averaged Freshman Graduation Rate (AFGR), which uses aggregate student enrollment data to estimate the size of an incoming freshman class and aggregate counts of the number of regular diplomas awarded four years later.

Data Source:
Population Reference Bureau, analysis of data from the U.S. Department of Education.
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), State Dropout and Completion Data, accessible online at http://nces.ed.gov/ccd/drpcompstatelvl.asp.

Definitions:
Percent of females ages 15 to 19 who did not have a birth in their teen years. The number of teen mothers is calculated by adding all first births to 15 to 19 year olds in the current year to all first births to 14 to 18 year olds in the previous year, and all first births to 13 to 17 year olds in the year before, etc. Then, females who delayed childbearing is calculated by subtracting the estimated number of teen mothers from the population of 15-19 year old girls in each state. Because data is pooled for some years, some teen mothers who gave birth when they are very young are excluded from these estimates.

Data Source:
Child Trends analysis of data from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics,Vital Statistics.

The percent of young adults ages 25 to 29 who have completed an associate degree or higher.

The category “associate degree” includes people whose highest degree is an associate degree, which generally requires 2 years of college level work and is either in an occupational program that prepares them for a specific occupation, or an academic program primarily in the arts and sciences. The course work may or may not be transferable to a Bachelor’s degree.

Data Source:
Population References Bureau analysis of data from the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey.

Footnotes:
Updated: October 2017.
S - Estimates suppressed when the coefficient of variation is greater than or equal to 30.
N.A.- Data are not available.

Definitions:
The percent of all children ages 0 to 17 who live with a householder who has at
least a high school degree.

The child may not be the “own child” of the householder but related to the
householder by birth, marriage, or adoption. Children, under 18 years who
maintain households or are spouses or unmarried partners of householders are
excluded from this analysis.

Data Source:
Population Reference Bureau analysis of data from the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey.

Footnotes:
Updated: October 2017.
S - Estimates suppressed when the coefficient of variation is greater than or equal to 30.
N.A.- Data are not available.

Definitions:The percent of children ages 0 to 17 who live in families with incomes less than 200 percent of the federal poverty level.

The federal poverty definition consists of a series of thresholds based on family size and composition. In 2015, a 200% poverty threshold for a family of two adults and two children was $48,072. Poverty status is not determined for people in military barracks, institutional quarters, or for unrelated individuals under age 15 (such as foster children).

Data Source:
Population Reference Bureau analysis of data from the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey.

Footnotes:
Updated: October 2017
S - Data are suppressed if the calculated coefficient of variation is 30 or higher.
N.A.- Data are not available.

Percent of children ages 0 to 17 who live in census tracts with poverty rates of less than 20 percent. Research indicates that as neighborhood poverty rates increase, undesirable outcomes rise and opportunities for success are less likely. The effects of concentrated poverty begin to appear once neighborhood poverty rates rise above 20 percent and continue to grow as the concentration of poverty increases up to the 40 percent threshold.

Non-Hispanic Black and African American is not available from the Census Bureau’s American Community Survey Summary tables. Therefore, Black and African American include those who are of either Hispanic or non-Hispanic descent.

Data Source:
Population Reference Bureau analysis of data from the U.S.
Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year Summary file data.

Footnotes:
Updated October 2017.
S - Data are suppressed if the calculated coefficients of variation are 30 or higher.
N.A.- Data are not available.

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