 Oath of Office, United States Code (1982 ed.), vol. 1, title 5, section 3331, p. 538. This oath is taken by any individual, except the president, "elected or appointed to an office of honor or profit in the civil service or uniformed services".

 Jeffrey Rosen (January 13, 2008). "Say What You Will - Freedom for the Thought That We Hate - Anthony Lewis - Book review". The New York Times (The New York Times Company). Retrieved on November 6, 2012.