Abstract : The Alkali-Silica Reaction ASR induces aggregates swelling leading to irreversible degradation of concrete structures. Modelling damage and cracks in a 3D concrete structure submitted to ASR is hence of prime importance in civil engineering. FEMCAM Finite Element Model for Concrete Analysis Method software has been developed within this framework to model 3D numerical concrete. In this thesis, we have developed a mesoscale approach where concrete is considered as a heterogeneous material with two main phases: the mortar paste and aggregates. An elastic damage law has been successfully implemented to take into account the mortar paste behavior. The non local Mazars model with an implicit formulation is hence used to deal with damage. This model requires determining elastic and damage parameters. In this way, an experimental campaign has been carried out at the Civil Engineering Department of the Ecole des Mines de Douai to identify concrete material parameters. These experimental results have been compared with numerical ones through the inverse analysis modulus RheOConcrete. Applications on concrete compression tests, three point bending tests and