I was asked to write a report on different data storage types.
Data can be stored in

Text files.

Different possible data bases:
Oracle db
Microsoft SQL Server
DB2

MySql

PostgreSql

SqLite

excel sheet.

Microsoft access.

Proprietary database.

I was able to gather a little information on this, any help can be appreciated. Please!!
In what ways can data be stored, so that it can be queried using a programming language and data can be extracted by using a programming language.

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MySql/DB2/Oracle/SQL Server, these are all RDBMS'. Excel sheet, text files, etc. these are flat files.

Each has their own place. For high performance and a lot of Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) you'll want to go with a full-blown RDBMS. For small data that isn't often written to, something like an XML file would suffice.

What you're asking is a gigantic topic that many devote a large portion of their professional careers with. It's impossible to give you an all-encompassing lesson on these.

Let me put it in this way, if a buyer searches for an item in a hub(amazon), it retries information about the item from many sellers. Every seller has a specific data base for himself. So the hub retrieves information about the item queried by the buyer(client in this case or a user).I was asked a question on how a supplier can store the product details, so that, when queried by the user the hub should be able to retrieve information about the product....Can I call this a Web Services?..I am new to the terminology.
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MBKOct 24 '11 at 22:19