Most of seismic design code provisions provide the design response spectra for defining design earthquake ground motions. The design spectra in the code provisions generally come under the 5% of critical damping value, which corresponds to the responses of common structure under the design earthquake. Energy dissipation devices and seismic isolation systems became more popular and the design response spectra at higher damping levels are required. Damping coefficients can be effectively used in conversion of 5%-damped design spectra into other damping levels. These coefficients in the current seismic design code provisions are based on the strong ground motion records. Since the weak and moderate earthquake data have different characteristics from those of strong earthquake data, the application of these coefficients should be investigated in the weak and moderate earthquakes zones. In this study, damping coefficients based on the weak and moderate ground motions were developed and compared to those of current seismic design code provisions.

This paper presents experimental and analysis studies about both the corroded steel expansion and the variation of poor bonding range between steel and concrete. A loss of overall bonding capacity at the concrete-steel interface is evaluated experimentally and crack patterns at the bottom of the concrete are presented here. Steel-concrete interface is covered by rubber due to present local loss of the concrete-steel interface bonding capacity. In case of crack analysis performed by commercial FEM programs. we investigated crack‘s pattern and location. Finally, it is concluded that overall flexural capacity of the reinforced concrete structure is increased by the corroded steel expansion and is dependent of the bonding range at the steel- concrete interface. These results give an important factor to decide a life of reinforced concrete structures.

The purpose of this study is to estimate deterioration assessment for weighting factors in pipe network for which each local selfgovernment takes rehabilitation and replacement work at present time. Deterioic hierarchy process(AHP), calculates the weighting factors. The appropriate marks matrix of sixteen deterioration factors are made for the precise decision standard of pipe condition through the result of this analysis. The marks matrix of sixteen deterioration factors can solve the complicated decision making problems of pipe rehabilitation workration factors in the pipe network might be influenced by local factors, such as province, location, or land use, in water supply systems. In this study, the sixteen deterioration factors are determined suitable for domestic situation based on the pipe deterioration factor data inside and outside of the country. Also, we select persons in charge of calculating the detail weighting factors and do survey about important level of each deterioration factors. Delphi method, a question survey method applying the analyts.

Extra dosed bridge among the Cabled-stayed bridges have been increasingly built in korea in recently. But such bridges were often damaged by fire due to car collison. In this study Extra dosed bridges among the cabled-supported bridges are selected to analysis model frequently to be designed and/or constructed in recent and furture in this study. COSMOS FloWorks 2007 software are used for Heat Transfer Analysis and Thermal Stress Analysis. The safety of wire, HDPE pipe and stainless steel pipe are investigated. In the case of the constant of the temperature of the heat source, the significant three variables for the analysis are selected for study : (1) the distance between the fire-proof bulk head and the heat source, (2) wind velocity, (3) the height of the end of Stainless steel pipe.

In this study, to establish a web-based bridge monitoring system with wireless sensor network environment, we constructed microminiaturized sensor based wireless communication techniques and micro processing, databases for data combination and administration, variable control programs and processors for transferring data by internet. Then those data are measured and analyzed by the constructed bridge monitoring system with wireless sensors. To evaluate the practicability of the bridge monitoring system with wireless sensor, we compared the values measured in the tests with wire sensor under same conditions. The results show that the trend of the data obtained from the monitoring systems with wire sensors and wireless sensors was very similar but the some lost data in the communication process with wireless sensor network environment. And through laboratory and field tests, the effectiveness and the applicability of the proposed methods were verified.

Due to recent increases of typhoon damages primarily owing to heavy rainfall and stron wind, estimation and analysis of a typhoon's influence has become more important. In this perspective, the statistical models to estimate the rainfall rate during a typhoon were presented in this paper. Central pressure of the typhoon is modeled to be the primary parameter affecting typhoon rainfall rate while relative angle and distance between the center of typhoon and the specific location for observation are secondary variables. Comparisons between the estimated rainfall rate of these models and the observed value in the duration of Typhoon NARI(2007) were analyzed to confirm the availability of these models. The result shows that the present statistical models can estimate typhoon-induced rainfall around Korean Peninsular to some extent.

This study presented a design model optimizing a distance of inlet with drainage pipe laid under the gutter in road. When the distance of inlet changed, a basin for the gutter divided by the distance of inlet and the inflow coming into the gutter would be changed. In this case, the change of inlet distance causes the change of a diameter of drainage pipe and slope because of the change of capacity. Therefore, the optimization is needed to design the combination of them for the distance of inlet. Genetic Algorithm is used to determine the optimal combination of them. The conditions of road and the precipitation were assumed like a real and the range of inlet distance adopted which has been introduced in domestic. This model presented the optimal distance of inlet and the combination of pipe and slope through the minimum cost. The result of the study is that the optimal distance of inlet is different from each slope of road and it can reduce about 20% of total cost for the distance of inlet.

The urban is possessing of various landuses such as commercial, industrial, residential and official areas. All of these landuses is including the paved areas that are roads and parking lots. The NPS (nonpoint sources) pollutants are generally originated from pavement areas in urban by human activities. Especially the roads are stormwater intensive landuses because of high vehicle activities and high imperviousness. The main NPS pollutants from roads are particulates and metals from vehicles and pavements. The Korea MOE (Ministry of Environment) is developing the NPS control program to reduce the NPS pollutants from the basins. However, it is not easy to control the NPS because it has high uncertainty by characteristics of rainfalls and watersheds. Therefore, this research was conducted on characterizing the runoff and providing mean EMC from roads. The monitoring were performed for total 16 rainfall events from a road in Youngin City since 2006. The results show that the TSS is highly correlated with other pollutant parameters. The statistical regression models using TSS EMC have been developed to easily determine the EMC of other pollutant parameters.

Asphalt concrete pavements are susceptible to deformation and failure compared to cement concrete pavements. Epoxy is commonly used to enhance the bonding and durability of structures. Based on this concept, an epoxy and ceramics combined mixture was developed and applied to the field to estimate the pavement performance, Laboratory and field performance tests were conducted to observe the applicability of epoxy and ceramics composite materials compared to the conventional one. In this research, the epoxy and ceramics composite mixturewas used in two ways. 7 mm and 15 mm of thin surface layers using the mixture were constructed on cement and asphalt concrete pavements, respectively, after surface treatment. 12 months of field performance surveys were conducted to observe the resistances to the crack and deformation. According to the field performance tests, epoxy and ceramics combined mixture showed better bonding and field performances than the conventional one.

The purposes of this study were to examine the coping behavior of the elderly in the warning phase of disaster and to explore factors influencing the coping behavior of the elderly. Data were collected from 130 senior citizens aged over 60 who are residing in Pyungchang and Injae of Kangwon province which had damaged by flood disaster in 2006. Perry & Lindell (1997)'s index, a series of six categories that represent coping behaviors which progressively approximate the action of evacuating in the warning phase of disasters was used. Results showed that respondents have high coping skills. Although Activities of Daily Living (ADL) has positive influence on the coping behavior, length of residence has negative effect on the coping behavior of the elderly. This finding proves the elderly are not uncompliant or uncooperative population in the warning phase of disaster. This result also emphasizes the importance of rapid and accurate giving of public warning system of disaster and necessity of prior notification of useful information about natural disaster and effective evacuation plan for the elderly.

In this study, land cover classification and NDVI evaluation for hazard mitigation precaution are carried out in surrounding areas of Yeongi-gun, Chungcheongnam-do () where a project for multi-functional administrative city is promoted by government. Image acquired from KOMPSAT 2, LANDSAT and ASTER is utilized and comparative evaluation on limitation in classification based on resolution was carried out. The area mainly consists of arable land including mountains, rice fields, ordinary fields, etc thus special attention was paid to the classification of rice fields and ordinary fields. For the classification of image acquired from KOMPSAT 2, segmentation technique for classification of high-resolution image was applied. To evaluate the accuracy of the classification, field investigation was conducted to examine the sample and it was compared with the land usage and classification of land category in land ledger of Korea. Acquired results were made into theme map in shape file format and it would be of great help in decision making of policy for the future-oriented development plan of multi-functional administrative city.

The disaster damages resulted not only in life and property damages of the individual, but also, could be spread situation of national crisis. The information quality control in disaster management is essential to response and recover in the disaster management process. The improvement of efficiency of disaster management depends on information quality control to be right time and accuracy for effected area for the disaster management This research is to investigate the relationship of information quality and work performance on different phases in the disaster management.

This research is to make clear the volunteer activity system through analysing activity of volunteers. Main suggestions are as below. In management system, integrated cooperating system, improvement of delivering system of relief goods and developing operating manual of volunteering management are discussed. In education system, specialized education for different disaster areas, field orientation education, and training managerial positions are suggested. In supporting system, improving NDMS(National Disaster Management System), computerized program for volunteer management, insurance for volunteers, issuing a confirmation of volunteering activity, securement of emergency communication system, budget for prevention and donation are also suggested.

Precipitation on slope is separated into infiltration and outflow according to physical properties of soil and slope. However, the slope analysis is assumed that all precipitation are percolated. So, groundwater level is excessive tend to be calculated. In this paper, NRCS model and Horton models that have a suitability were used for agro-type analysis of Seoul station after precipitation was separated into infiltration and outflow. Also, gradient of slope was analyzed about seepage behavior and underground water level aspect through numerical analysis. After inclination correction, the estimated infiltration was compose of slopes much applied by domestic design standard. The change of groundwater level is appeared greatly as agro-type goes from D type to A type in the analysis results.

Recent climate changes have increased flood damage on bank and revetment. However design standard for revetment that is the one of the most important facility for flood protection is not enough in Korea. In this study, destruction of rock revetment in Guryecity caused by the flood on Aug 2007 was inquired by analysis using 2D hydraulic simulation model SMS and the propriety of established plan for protection of rock revetment was evaluated. For this purpose, the ranges of protection facility for revetment was calculated by two methods. The one is normal method to calculate range of pier scour protection facility, and the other is a method of the standard for river design in Korea. The results of both methods are compared to evaluate the established plan.

Sewer rehabilitation is performed to improve the problem for urban drainage sewer system recently. However the data for the sewer system is not stored enough so that the sewer system is difficult to be managed systematically. In this study, a maintenance management system for urban drainage system is developed to store the data efficiently and manage the system systematically. In the developed system, a hydraulic and hydrologic analysis module is included to test the carrying capacity of a sewer pipe and estimate the amount of combined sewer overflows. The I/I and superannuation evaluation module is included in this system. The module distribute the total inflow/infiltration observed at the several sampling points in a drainage area to the individual pipes of the entire sewer system. Then the superannuation of a sewer pipe is evaluated according to the amount of I/I of the pipe. And in the developed system, the optimal rehabilitation priority module is included to determine the optimal priority and support the decision making for the sewer rehabilitation. The maintenance management system which is developed in this study is constructed by the association with the developed modules and the system is formed as graphical user interface system.

USWMM was developed as a drainage analysis system for estuarine urban areas by adding sluice gates on existing EPA SWMM5 through this study. For the purpose of reviewing, Ansungchon river was modeled with USWMM and calibration and verification were attempted at three observation stations. In comparison, another approach using HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS was applied to the area under the same condition. It turned out that USWMM resulting values were closer to the observed values than those of the HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS approach. USWMM's flow simulation through sluices were more realistic to sluice operation fields by adding incomplete submerged orifice flow equation and maintenance water level. In sum, USWMM can be seen as a general purpose tool for estuarine urban drainage analysis system.

In this study, to reduce the flood damage caused by flood discharge exceeding project flood, the primary technology was applied to determining the optimal location and size for underground sluiceway. The Jungrang Stream was selected for this study because the stream was overflowed and the embankment section of the stream was destroyed owing to localized torrential rainfall in 1998 and 2001. Considering 200-year frequency storm, the inlets of the underground discharge channel were located at Seoul City limits, the confluence of Danghyun Stream, Wolgye 1-gyo, and the confluence of Mukdong Stream. The outlets were located at the estuary of Jungrang Stream and rightbank of Banpo Bridge in Han River. The transverse discharge according to the variation of overflow depth at the inlet of underground discharge channel was estimated and the effect of inundation reduction was analyzed. To examine the appropriate scale of the underground discharge channel, the 8 operation methods for the management of outlet discharge were compared considering four rules (only storage, the constant discharge rate, the constant discharge volume, and the mixture of the constant discharge rate and discharge volume). As a result, the effect of inundation reduction was most significantly improved when the inlet was located at the confluence of Danghyun Stream. The appropriate size of underground sluiceway for 200-year frequency storm was studied, and as a result, the appropriate diameters of the underground discharge channel were 12 m in case of only storage(Rule D), 9m in 50% of discharge(Rule E), 8 m in constant discharge volume(Rule F), and 7 m in mixture method(Rule G). This investigation process can be applied to design the underground discharge channel when the inundation damage is significant in coastal area due to embankment overflow. The underground discharge channel in Jungrang Stream can also be used as an underground road to link Seoul City to Uijeongbu City during dry season.

Tractive forces by flowing water and ship generated waves are items that affect the stability of the low flow revetments among various external forces exerting on those revetments. Bank revetment stability by these external forces is analysed in this study. The study area is the section of the test construction area changing the artificial revetments to ecological revetments in Han river. Tractive forces are computed using the calculated flow velocity using RMA-2 model. The stability is analyzed comparing the calculated tractive forces with permissible tractive forces of the revetments in the study area. The calculated tractive forces at section number 93 is higher than permissible tractive forces in that section, so the section is estimated hydraulically unstable. The calculated tractive forces for the storm of 10th August 2007 are small compared to the permissible tractive forces in all sections. The sections are considered to be hydraulically stable, but have been eroded in some parts. The reason for the erosion is considered to have insufficient time for the plants taking root, and be exerted composite forces such as forces by ship generated waves. Ship generated waves by the excursion boats and small boats called river taxi was calculated. Wave forces by these calculated waves are computed and compared with the supporting forces of the revetment material. The external forces exerted by the ships in Han River on the revetments is very little compared with the permissible supporting forces of the revetments, so the revetments are estimated hydraulically stable. But considering the composite forces are exerted simultaneously, the stability consideration should include these composite forces.

The flood damage shows different types in natural river watershed and in urban drainage watershed. In recent, increasing of the impervious area gives rise to short concentration time and high peak discharge comparing with natural watershed and it is a cause of urban flood damage. In this paper, we use a XP-SWMM model developed based on EPA-SWMM version for analyzing the inundation area, inundation depth and inundation area considering building effect. The two events(2005.06, 2005.07) has been used for the validation of model. HEC-RAS model has been applied for simulation of changing water level, and the results has been used for calculating area of the inundation. The observed inundation area(21.41 ha) in August, 1998 was in good agreement with the simulated value(23.45 ha) of XPSWMM model. An influence of inundation area considering building effects has been analized by the DTM of XP-SWMM model.