www.JosephsonsExemplaryPolicing.org

Josephson's Exemplary Policing Survey #1

INTRODUCTION. This survey is a research project of the Josephson Institute of Ethics' Exemplary Policing Initiative. Survey results, policing news, provocative articles and a full archive of critical reports and other resources can be found at the Institute's website at www.josephsonsexemplarypolicing.org. CONFIDENTIALITY. Only the Josephson Institute has access to the responses. No attempt to connect any opinion with the person making it will be made. Please be candid.

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1.In what state is agency or organization located?

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2.RANK / POSITION. (you may check more than one)

CEO - Police Chief, Superintendent, Commissioner, Sheriff

Assistant or Deputy Chief, Superintendent, Commissioner or Sheriff

Captain/Commander/Major

Lieutenant

Sergeant

Field Training Officer

Detective

Police Patrol/Line Level

Retired

Academy or In-Service Police Training

Officer or Board Member, Police Officers Union/Fraternal order

Officer or Board Member, Police Chief Assn.

Civilian Police Employee - Administrative

Civilian Police Employee - Dispatch/communications

Civilian Police Employee - CSI

Civilian Police Employee - Other

City Manager or Asst. City Manager

Mayor or Deputy Mayor

City Council, Alderman or County Supervisor

Court Appointed Monitor

Civilian Review Board/Commission

College Level Educator or Administrator

Federal Enforcement Agency

Other (please specify)

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3.SIZE OF POLICE OR SHERIFF DEPARTMENT. (number of sworn officers)

25 or less

26-50

51-99

100-249

250-499

500-999

1000-4,999

5,000 or more

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4.Gender

Male

Female

Transgender

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5.TELL US WHAT YOU THINK. The following list of statements summarizes common beliefs and proposals. Please indicate whether you agree or disagree with each statement.

Strongly Agree

Agree

Disagree

Strongly Disagree

No Opinion

8. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, protected officers and the department from false and unfair charges.

8. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, protected officers and the department from false and unfair charges. Strongly Agree

8. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, protected officers and the department from false and unfair charges. Agree

8. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, protected officers and the department from false and unfair charges. Disagree

8. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, protected officers and the department from false and unfair charges. Strongly Disagree

8. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, protected officers and the department from false and unfair charges. No Opinion

Comment

1. Body armor is an essential piece of equipment in today’s environment.

2. All police agencies should have semi-automatic weapons readily available. No Opinion

Comment

11. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should be made public as soon as reasonably possible.

11. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should be made public as soon as reasonably possible. Strongly Agree

11. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should be made public as soon as reasonably possible. Agree

11. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should be made public as soon as reasonably possible. Disagree

11. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should be made public as soon as reasonably possible. Strongly Disagree

11. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should be made public as soon as reasonably possible. No Opinion

Comment

32. The level of public animosity toward police is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers.

32. The level of public animosity toward police is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers. Strongly Agree

32. The level of public animosity toward police is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers. Agree

32. The level of public animosity toward police is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers. Disagree

32. The level of public animosity toward police is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers. Strongly Disagree

32. The level of public animosity toward police is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers. No Opinion

Comment

16. Use of force policies that seek to impose a higher standard on police officers than the criminal standard are unfair and unwise.

16. Use of force policies that seek to impose a higher standard on police officers than the criminal standard are unfair and unwise. Strongly Agree

16. Use of force policies that seek to impose a higher standard on police officers than the criminal standard are unfair and unwise. Agree

16. Use of force policies that seek to impose a higher standard on police officers than the criminal standard are unfair and unwise. Disagree

16. Use of force policies that seek to impose a higher standard on police officers than the criminal standard are unfair and unwise. Strongly Disagree

16. Use of force policies that seek to impose a higher standard on police officers than the criminal standard are unfair and unwise. No Opinion

Comment

12. It is inevitable that public pressure and politics will result in a requirement that all law enforcement agencies employ both dash and body cameras for all patrol officers.

12. It is inevitable that public pressure and politics will result in a requirement that all law enforcement agencies employ both dash and body cameras for all patrol officers. Strongly Agree

12. It is inevitable that public pressure and politics will result in a requirement that all law enforcement agencies employ both dash and body cameras for all patrol officers. Agree

12. It is inevitable that public pressure and politics will result in a requirement that all law enforcement agencies employ both dash and body cameras for all patrol officers. Disagree

12. It is inevitable that public pressure and politics will result in a requirement that all law enforcement agencies employ both dash and body cameras for all patrol officers. Strongly Disagree

12. It is inevitable that public pressure and politics will result in a requirement that all law enforcement agencies employ both dash and body cameras for all patrol officers. No Opinion

Comment

30. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased.[If you have any ideas of what can be done to reduce the risks to officers please use the comment box].

30. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased.[If you have any ideas of what can be done to reduce the risks to officers please use the comment box]. Strongly Agree

30. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased.[If you have any ideas of what can be done to reduce the risks to officers please use the comment box]. Agree

30. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased.[If you have any ideas of what can be done to reduce the risks to officers please use the comment box]. Disagree

30. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased.[If you have any ideas of what can be done to reduce the risks to officers please use the comment box]. Strongly Disagree

30. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased.[If you have any ideas of what can be done to reduce the risks to officers please use the comment box]. No Opinion

Comment

31. The increased risk of harm in modern policing is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers.

31. The increased risk of harm in modern policing is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers. Strongly Agree

31. The increased risk of harm in modern policing is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers. Agree

31. The increased risk of harm in modern policing is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers. Disagree

31. The increased risk of harm in modern policing is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers. Strongly Disagree

31. The increased risk of harm in modern policing is a major factor inhibiting recruitment of new officers. No Opinion

Comment

26. In order to increase the credibility of investigations of officer involved shootings resulting in death, agencies ought to have the option to submit the issue to an outside independent regional or state process.

26. In order to increase the credibility of investigations of officer involved shootings resulting in death, agencies ought to have the option to submit the issue to an outside independent regional or state process. Strongly Agree

26. In order to increase the credibility of investigations of officer involved shootings resulting in death, agencies ought to have the option to submit the issue to an outside independent regional or state process. Agree

26. In order to increase the credibility of investigations of officer involved shootings resulting in death, agencies ought to have the option to submit the issue to an outside independent regional or state process. Disagree

26. In order to increase the credibility of investigations of officer involved shootings resulting in death, agencies ought to have the option to submit the issue to an outside independent regional or state process. Strongly Disagree

26. In order to increase the credibility of investigations of officer involved shootings resulting in death, agencies ought to have the option to submit the issue to an outside independent regional or state process. No Opinion

Comment

27. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased.

27. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased. Strongly Agree

27. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased. Agree

27. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased. Disagree

27. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased. Strongly Disagree

27. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased. No Opinion

Comment

9. Overall, the costs, including potential misuse of dash and body camera videos, outweigh the benefits.

17. The amount of actual racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of traffic and street stops of African American males.

17. The amount of actual racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of traffic and street stops of African American males. Strongly Agree

17. The amount of actual racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of traffic and street stops of African American males. Agree

17. The amount of actual racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of traffic and street stops of African American males. Disagree

17. The amount of actual racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of traffic and street stops of African American males. Strongly Disagree

17. The amount of actual racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of traffic and street stops of African American males. No Opinion

Comment

10. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should not be made public.

10. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should not be made public. Strongly Agree

10. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should not be made public. Agree

10. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should not be made public. Disagree

10. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should not be made public. Strongly Disagree

10. Except in extraordinary cases, videos of officer-involved shootings should not be made public. No Opinion

Comment

20. Stop and frisk is an important law enforcement tool that should be used provided it complies with Terry v Ohio and avoids racial profiling.

20. Stop and frisk is an important law enforcement tool that should be used provided it complies with Terry v Ohio and avoids racial profiling. Strongly Agree

20. Stop and frisk is an important law enforcement tool that should be used provided it complies with Terry v Ohio and avoids racial profiling. Agree

20. Stop and frisk is an important law enforcement tool that should be used provided it complies with Terry v Ohio and avoids racial profiling. Disagree

20. Stop and frisk is an important law enforcement tool that should be used provided it complies with Terry v Ohio and avoids racial profiling. Strongly Disagree

20. Stop and frisk is an important law enforcement tool that should be used provided it complies with Terry v Ohio and avoids racial profiling. No Opinion

Comment

22. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct may alienate the community and do more harm than good.

22. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct may alienate the community and do more harm than good. Strongly Agree

22. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct may alienate the community and do more harm than good. Agree

22. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct may alienate the community and do more harm than good. Disagree

22. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct may alienate the community and do more harm than good. Strongly Disagree

22. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct may alienate the community and do more harm than good. No Opinion

Comment

29. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased.

29. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased. Strongly Agree

29. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased. Agree

29. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased. Disagree

29. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased. Strongly Disagree

29. In the past 5 years, officer fear that they will be killed or injured in an ambush-type situation have substantially increased. No Opinion

Comment

15. Internal use of force policies should exceed the moral minimum of the criminal standard by imposing on officers a duty to evaluate and employ de-escalation and other strategies before using lethal force.

15. Internal use of force policies should exceed the moral minimum of the criminal standard by imposing on officers a duty to evaluate and employ de-escalation and other strategies before using lethal force. Strongly Agree

15. Internal use of force policies should exceed the moral minimum of the criminal standard by imposing on officers a duty to evaluate and employ de-escalation and other strategies before using lethal force. Agree

15. Internal use of force policies should exceed the moral minimum of the criminal standard by imposing on officers a duty to evaluate and employ de-escalation and other strategies before using lethal force. Disagree

15. Internal use of force policies should exceed the moral minimum of the criminal standard by imposing on officers a duty to evaluate and employ de-escalation and other strategies before using lethal force. Strongly Disagree

15. Internal use of force policies should exceed the moral minimum of the criminal standard by imposing on officers a duty to evaluate and employ de-escalation and other strategies before using lethal force. No Opinion

4. Open carry laws make the job of policing more dangerous. Strongly Agree

4. Open carry laws make the job of policing more dangerous. Agree

4. Open carry laws make the job of policing more dangerous. Disagree

4. Open carry laws make the job of policing more dangerous. Strongly Disagree

4. Open carry laws make the job of policing more dangerous. No Opinion

Comment

19. Explicit and implicit racial bias is a significant contributory factor in some law enforcement agencies that accounts for the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males.

19. Explicit and implicit racial bias is a significant contributory factor in some law enforcement agencies that accounts for the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males. Strongly Agree

19. Explicit and implicit racial bias is a significant contributory factor in some law enforcement agencies that accounts for the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males. Agree

19. Explicit and implicit racial bias is a significant contributory factor in some law enforcement agencies that accounts for the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males. Disagree

19. Explicit and implicit racial bias is a significant contributory factor in some law enforcement agencies that accounts for the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males. Strongly Disagree

19. Explicit and implicit racial bias is a significant contributory factor in some law enforcement agencies that accounts for the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males. No Opinion

Comment

28. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased.

28. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased. Strongly Agree

28. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased. Agree

28. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased. Disagree

28. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased. Strongly Disagree

28. In the past 5 years, the actual likelihood that an officer will be killed or injured in an officer-initiated encounter have substantially increased. No Opinion

Comment

18. The amount of actual and implicit racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males.

18. The amount of actual and implicit racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males. Strongly Agree

18. The amount of actual and implicit racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males. Agree

18. The amount of actual and implicit racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males. Disagree

18. The amount of actual and implicit racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males. Strongly Disagree

18. The amount of actual and implicit racial bias in police organizations is minor and has not contributed significantly to the number of officer involved shootings and other uses of force of African American males. No Opinion

Comment

25. Special training focusing on de-escalation and other alternatives to the use of lethal force are likely to have a significant positive effect on officer behavior.

25. Special training focusing on de-escalation and other alternatives to the use of lethal force are likely to have a significant positive effect on officer behavior. Strongly Agree

25. Special training focusing on de-escalation and other alternatives to the use of lethal force are likely to have a significant positive effect on officer behavior. Agree

25. Special training focusing on de-escalation and other alternatives to the use of lethal force are likely to have a significant positive effect on officer behavior. Disagree

25. Special training focusing on de-escalation and other alternatives to the use of lethal force are likely to have a significant positive effect on officer behavior. Strongly Disagree

25. Special training focusing on de-escalation and other alternatives to the use of lethal force are likely to have a significant positive effect on officer behavior. No Opinion

Comment

13. I support current recommendations to place greater emphasis on de-escalation tactics and the use of lethal force only as a last resort.

13. I support current recommendations to place greater emphasis on de-escalation tactics and the use of lethal force only as a last resort. Strongly Agree

13. I support current recommendations to place greater emphasis on de-escalation tactics and the use of lethal force only as a last resort. Agree

13. I support current recommendations to place greater emphasis on de-escalation tactics and the use of lethal force only as a last resort. Disagree

13. I support current recommendations to place greater emphasis on de-escalation tactics and the use of lethal force only as a last resort. Strongly Disagree

13. I support current recommendations to place greater emphasis on de-escalation tactics and the use of lethal force only as a last resort. No Opinion

Comment

5. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, had a positive impact on the quality of policing.

5. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, had a positive impact on the quality of policing. Strongly Agree

5. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, had a positive impact on the quality of policing. Agree

5. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, had a positive impact on the quality of policing. Disagree

5. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, had a positive impact on the quality of policing. Strongly Disagree

5. Use of dash and body cameras has, overall, had a positive impact on the quality of policing. No Opinion

Comment

21. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct make the community safer.

21. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct make the community safer. Strongly Agree

21. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct make the community safer. Agree

21. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct make the community safer. Disagree

21. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct make the community safer. Strongly Disagree

21. Aggressive stop and frisk strategies used in hot spot crime areas to get weapons off the street and deter criminal conduct make the community safer. No Opinion

Comment

3. Private citizens should not be permitted to buy or use semi-automatic weapons.

3. Private citizens should not be permitted to buy or use semi-automatic weapons. Strongly Agree

3. Private citizens should not be permitted to buy or use semi-automatic weapons. Agree

3. Private citizens should not be permitted to buy or use semi-automatic weapons. Disagree

3. Private citizens should not be permitted to buy or use semi-automatic weapons. Strongly Disagree

3. Private citizens should not be permitted to buy or use semi-automatic weapons. No Opinion

Comment

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6.Are These Problems? Please indicate whether you think the listed behaviors or attitudes are serious or minor in the law enforcement profession (not necessarily your agency).

Major problem

Significant problem

Minor problem

No problem

No opinion or N/A

Low morale.

Low morale. Major problem

Low morale. Significant problem

Low morale. Minor problem

Low morale. No problem

Low morale. No opinion or N/A

Poor work ethic.

Poor work ethic. Major problem

Poor work ethic. Significant problem

Poor work ethic. Minor problem

Poor work ethic. No problem

Poor work ethic. No opinion or N/A

Fabrication or distortion in reporting, affidavits and testifying.

Fabrication or distortion in reporting, affidavits and testifying. Major problem

Fabrication or distortion in reporting, affidavits and testifying. Significant problem

Fabrication or distortion in reporting, affidavits and testifying. Minor problem

Fabrication or distortion in reporting, affidavits and testifying. No problem

Fabrication or distortion in reporting, affidavits and testifying. No opinion or N/A

Abuse of sick days and workers comp benefits.

Abuse of sick days and workers comp benefits. Major problem

Abuse of sick days and workers comp benefits. Significant problem

Abuse of sick days and workers comp benefits. Minor problem

Abuse of sick days and workers comp benefits. No problem

Abuse of sick days and workers comp benefits. No opinion or N/A

Overemphasis on statistics (e.g., number of arrests) rather than real and meaningful police outcomes.

Overemphasis on statistics (e.g., number of arrests) rather than real and meaningful police outcomes. Major problem

Overemphasis on statistics (e.g., number of arrests) rather than real and meaningful police outcomes. Significant problem

Overemphasis on statistics (e.g., number of arrests) rather than real and meaningful police outcomes. Minor problem

Overemphasis on statistics (e.g., number of arrests) rather than real and meaningful police outcomes. No problem

Overemphasis on statistics (e.g., number of arrests) rather than real and meaningful police outcomes. No opinion or N/A

Code of silence preventing officers from being accountable and honest re: misconduct of other officers.

Code of silence preventing officers from being accountable and honest re: misconduct of other officers. Major problem

Code of silence preventing officers from being accountable and honest re: misconduct of other officers. Significant problem

Code of silence preventing officers from being accountable and honest re: misconduct of other officers. Minor problem

Code of silence preventing officers from being accountable and honest re: misconduct of other officers. No problem

Code of silence preventing officers from being accountable and honest re: misconduct of other officers. No opinion or N/A

Occasional arrogance, disrespect or abuse of power by officers toward citizens.

Occasional arrogance, disrespect or abuse of power by officers toward citizens. Major problem

Occasional arrogance, disrespect or abuse of power by officers toward citizens. Significant problem

Occasional arrogance, disrespect or abuse of power by officers toward citizens. Minor problem

Occasional arrogance, disrespect or abuse of power by officers toward citizens. No problem

Occasional arrogance, disrespect or abuse of power by officers toward citizens. No opinion or N/A

Occasional arrogance, disrespect or abuse of power by supervisory officers toward subordinates.

Occasional arrogance, disrespect or abuse of power by supervisory officers toward subordinates. Major problem

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7.ABOUT YOUR AGENCY. (As to questions asking whether your agency has written policies on an issue, if your answer is 'yes,' and you are willing to share the policy so that we can post it on the Exemplary Policing website, please send the text or a link to the policy to msj@jiethics.org.). Skip this section if you are not currently working for a law enforcement agency.

Yes

No

Don't know

1. Has your agency modified its use of force policies within the past five years?

1. Has your agency modified its use of force policies within the past five years? Yes

1. Has your agency modified its use of force policies within the past five years? No

1. Has your agency modified its use of force policies within the past five years? Don't know

Comment

2. Do you expect to modify your agency’s use of force policy within next 12 months?

2. Do you expect to modify your agency’s use of force policy within next 12 months? Yes

2. Do you expect to modify your agency’s use of force policy within next 12 months? No

2. Do you expect to modify your agency’s use of force policy within next 12 months? Don't know

Comment

3. Does your agency have written policies about the release of dash cam and body cam videos?

3. Does your agency have written policies about the release of dash cam and body cam videos? Yes

3. Does your agency have written policies about the release of dash cam and body cam videos? No

3. Does your agency have written policies about the release of dash cam and body cam videos? Don't know

Comment

4. Does your agency require officers to wear body armor?

4. Does your agency require officers to wear body armor? Yes

4. Does your agency require officers to wear body armor? No

4. Does your agency require officers to wear body armor? Don't know

Comment

5. Does your agency require all cruisers to have dash cams?

5. Does your agency require all cruisers to have dash cams? Yes

5. Does your agency require all cruisers to have dash cams? No

5. Does your agency require all cruisers to have dash cams? Don't know

Comment

6. Does your agency require sworn officers on patrol to have body cams?

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10.Are you interested in any of the following opportunities to contribute to the Exemplary Policing initiative? You may check more than one box.If you are interested please include your email address below so we can contact you.

Assisting in summarizing news items and articles.

Editorial review panel - providing specific and detailed feedback on articles or book portions sent to you.

Contributing personal commentaries or articles

Advisory Board - providing input and ideas on how the Josephson institute can be of greater service to the profession