Data related to young people's (ages 18-29) participation and impact on the selected year's federal elections.

Select year

Voter turnout(2018)

The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, who cast a ballot in the election.

Voter registration rate(2018)

The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, registered to vote in the election.

Votes cast(2018)

The estimated number of votes in the election cast by young people, ages 18-29.

Vote choice, President(2018)

The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for President. (e.g., D+4)

Vote choice, Senate(2018)

The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Senator. (e.g., R+4)

Vote choice, Governor(2018)

The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Governor. (e.g., D+4)

YESI Ranking, Senate(2018)

The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. Senate race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI), which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.

YESI Ranking, Governor(2018)

The pre-election ranking of that year's Governor's race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.

YESI Ranking, Congressional District(2018)

The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. House race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.

Youth Civic Engagement

Data about various forms of youth (ages 16-29) non-electoral civic engagement calculated by CIRCLE from the Census Current Population Survey 2017 Civic Supplement. For a handful of states data by race & ethnicity is available on the About page ?

Belong to a group

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months, have you belonged to any groups, organizations, or associations?"

Volunteering

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months, have you volunteered?" (On their own, at school, with an organization, etc.)

Make consumer choices for political reasons

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you buy or boycott products or services based on the political values or business practices of that company?"

Work with neighbors to do something positive for community

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you get together with other people from your neighborhood to do something positive for your neighborhood or the community?"

Do favors for a neighbor

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you and your neighbors do favors for each other such as house sitting, watching each other’s children, lending tools, and other things to help each other?"

Discuss political/social issues with neighbors

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you discuss political, societal, or local issues with your neighbors?"

Discuss political/social issues with friends or family

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you discuss political, societal, or local issues with friends or family?"

Talk with people of different backgrounds

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you talk to (in person, on the phone, online) or spend time with people from a racial, ethnic or cultural background that is different than yours?"

Share views about news/politics on social media

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you post your views about political, societal, or local issues on the internet or social media?"

Contact or visit public official to express opinion

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you contact or visit a public official – at any level of government – to express your opinion?"

Data about the number of young people and the share of youth among all community members above age 18.

Youth citizen population

The number of United States citizens between the ages of 18-24.

Youth/adult ratio

The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, in the overall adult (ages 18+) population.

Education

Data on young people's educational attainment, which often correlates with opportunities to learn about voting and other forms of civic engagement.

Youth enrolled in college

The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who are enrolled in college.

Youth with college experience

The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who have at least some college experience.

Youth without high school diploma

The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who have not finished high school.

Quality of Life

Data on current economic and systemic realities facing a community that may influence whether young people have access to engage in civic life.

Median household income

Half of households have an annual income above this number and half of households have an annual income below this number.

Income disparity

A standardized score (z-score) for how wide-ranging incomes are in this location (GINI Index) in relation to the overall distribution across the country – above/positive or below/negative.

Child poverty rate

The percentage of children (ages 0-17) in households with an equivalized (adjusted for household size and composition) disposable income below the poverty threshold.

Violent crime rate

The number of violent crimes reported for every 100,000 residents.

Broadband internet access

The percentage of the population with fixed and mobile high-speed internet.

Civic Culture

Data on civic organizations and other factors that shape the "ecosystem" that may provide youth opportunities for civic engagement.

Nonprofits per capita

The number of nonprofits for every 10,000 residents.

Nonprofits serving youth

The percentage of nonprofits that provide services to youth.

Rate of Associations

The number of social associations for every 10,000 residents.

Youth residential stability

A standardized score (z-score) for this location in relation to the overall rates across the country of young people, ages 18-29, who have lived at the same address for the past 12 months. If positive, then above average, and if negative, then below average.

Residential racial segregation

For areas where communities of color make up more than 5% of the population, the Residential Racial Segregation Index from Robert Wood Johnson Foundation goes from 1 to 100. The higher the number, the more segregated a community.

Political Landscape

Data on a region's partisan tendencies, recent elections, and other structural factors that may influence young people's approach or exposure to political participation.

Partisan lean

The partisan lean of the electorate in the past two presidential elections. For the district level, as reported by the Cook Political Report, and for the state level as calculated by CIRCLE based on the formula used by Cook Partisan Voting Index

Winning Presidential candidate

The party of the candidate who won the largest share of the vote (among all ages) in the state.

Was the last Presidential election close?

Was the vote difference between the winner and runner-up of the previous presidential election within 3 percentage points?

Facilitative Election Laws

A score, from 1 to 10 that measures how strongly a state has implemented laws that facilitate registration and voting, such as pre-registration and automatic registration. Learn more about Facilitative Election Laws

Statute on high school voter registration?

Is there a state statute focused on facilitating the voter registration of high school students? Find more information about
your state's statute.

Data about various forms of youth (ages 16-29) non-electoral civic engagement calculated by CIRCLE from the Census Current Population Survey 2017 Civic Supplement. For a handful of states data by race & ethnicity is available on the About page ?

Belong to a group

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months, have you belonged to any groups, organizations, or associations?"

Volunteering

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months, have you volunteered?" (On their own, at school, with an organization, etc.)

Make consumer choices for political reasons

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you buy or boycott products or services based on the political values or business practices of that company?"

Work with neighbors to do something positive for community

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you get together with other people from your neighborhood to do something positive for your neighborhood or the community?"

Do favors for a neighbor

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you and your neighbors do favors for each other such as house sitting, watching each other’s children, lending tools, and other things to help each other?"

Discuss political/social issues with neighbors

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you discuss political, societal, or local issues with your neighbors?"

Discuss political/social issues with friends or family

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you discuss political, societal, or local issues with friends or family?"

Talk with people of different backgrounds

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you talk to (in person, on the phone, online) or spend time with people from a racial, ethnic or cultural background that is different than yours?"

Share views about news/politics on social media

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you post your views about political, societal, or local issues on the internet or social media?"

Contact or visit public official to express opinion

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you contact or visit a public official – at any level of government – to express your opinion?"

Data on civic organizations and other factors that shape the "ecosystem" that may provide youth opportunities for civic engagement.

Nonprofits per capita

The number of nonprofits for every 10,000 residents.

Nonprofits serving youth

The percentage of nonprofits that provide services to youth.

Rate of Associations

The number of social associations for every 10,000 residents.

Youth residential stability

A standardized score (z-score) for this location in relation to the overall rates across the country of young people, ages 18-29, who have lived at the same address for the past 12 months. If positive, then above average, and if negative, then below average.

Residential racial segregation

For areas where communities of color make up more than 5% of the population, the Residential Racial Segregation Index from Robert Wood Johnson Foundation goes from 1 to 100. The higher the number, the more segregated a community.

Data on a region's partisan tendencies, recent elections, and other structural factors that may influence young people's approach or exposure to political participation.

Partisan lean

The partisan lean of the electorate in the past two presidential elections. For the district level, as reported by the Cook Political Report, and for the state level as calculated by CIRCLE based on the formula used by Cook Partisan Voting Index

Winning Presidential candidate

The party of the candidate who won the largest share of the vote (among all ages) in the state.

Was the last Presidential election close?

Was the vote difference between the winner and runner-up of the previous presidential election within 3 percentage points?

Facilitative Election Laws

A score, from 1 to 10 that measures how strongly a state has implemented laws that facilitate registration and voting, such as pre-registration and automatic registration. Learn more about Facilitative Election Laws

Statute on high school voter registration?

Is there a state statute focused on facilitating the voter registration of high school students? Find more information about
your state's statute.

The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, who cast a ballot in the election.

61.5% Voter registration rate

61.5% National Rate

The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, registered to vote in the election.

9,529,509

Votes cast

9,529,509 National Rate

The estimated number of votes in the election cast by young people, ages 18-29.

Vote choice, President

The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for President. (e.g., D+4)

Vote choice, Senate

The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Senator. (e.g., R+4)

Vote choice, Governor

The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Governor. (e.g., D+4)

YESI Ranking, Senate

The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. Senate race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI), which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.

YESI Ranking, Governor

The pre-election ranking of that year's Governor's race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.

YESI Ranking, Congressional District

The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. House race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.

38% Voter turnout

38% National Rate

The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, who cast a ballot in the election.

62% Voter registration rate

62% National Rate

The estimated percentage of young citizens, ages 18-29, registered to vote in the election.

18,707,862

Votes cast

18,707,862 National Rate

The estimated number of votes in the election cast by young people, ages 18-29.

+19

Democrat +19Vote choice, President

DEMOCRAT +19 National Rate

The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for President. (e.g., D+4)

Vote choice, Senate

The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Senator. (e.g., R+4)

Vote choice, Governor

The percentage point margin by which young people, ages 18-29, voted for a party's candidate for Governor. (e.g., D+4)

YESI Ranking, Senate

The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. Senate race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI), which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.

YESI Ranking, President

The pre-election ranking of that year's Governor's race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.

YESI Ranking, Congressional District

The pre-election ranking of that year's U.S. House race in CIRCLE's Youth Electoral Significance Index (YESI) which rates elections by the likely influence of young voters on the contest.

26.6% Belong to a group

26.6% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months, have you belonged to any groups, organizations, or associations?"

30.3% Volunteering

30.3% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months, have you volunteered?" (On their own, at school, with an organization, etc.)

13.6% Make consumer choices for political reasons

13.6% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you buy or boycott products or services based on the political values or business practices of that company?"

20.6% Work with neighbors to do something positive for community

20.6% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you get together with other people from your neighborhood to do something positive for your neighborhood or the community?"

32.6% Do favors for a neighbor

32.6% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you and your neighbors do favors for each other such as house sitting, watching each other’s children, lending tools, and other things to help each other?"

22.1% Discuss political/social issues with neighbors

22.1% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you discuss political, societal, or local issues with your neighbors?"

61.2% Discuss political/social issues with friends or family

61.2% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you discuss political, societal, or local issues with friends or family?"

54.5% Talk with people of different backgrounds

54.5% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you talk to (in person, on the phone, online) or spend time with people from a racial, ethnic or cultural background that is different than yours?"

14.6% Share views about news/politics on social media

14.6% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you post your views about political, societal, or local issues on the internet or social media?"

11.2% Contact or visit public official to express opinion

11.2% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 16-29, who answered yes to: "In the past 12 months did you contact or visit a public official – at any level of government – to express your opinion?"

The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, in the overall adult (ages 18+) population.

42.5% Youth enrolled in college

42.5% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who are enrolled in college.

56.1% Youth with college experience

56.1% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who have at least some college experience.

13.5% Youth without high school diploma

13.5% National Rate

The percentage of young people, ages 18-24, who have not finished high school.

61,372

Median household income

61,372 National Rate

Half of households have an annual income above this number and half of households have an annual income below this number.

Income disparity

A standardized score (z-score) for how wide-ranging incomes are in this location (GINI Index) in relation to the overall distribution across the country – above/positive or below/negative.

16.2% Child poverty rate

16.2% National Rate

The percentage of children (ages 0-17) in households with an equivalized (adjusted for household size and composition) disposable income below the poverty threshold.

386/100k

Violent crime rate

386/100k National Rate

The number of violent crimes reported for every 100,000 residents.

89.4% Broadband internet access

89.4% National Rate

The percentage of the population with fixed and mobile high-speed internet.

13.8/10k

Nonprofits per capita

13.8/10k National Rate

The number of nonprofits for every 10,000 residents.

33.7% Nonprofits serving youth

33.7% National Rate

The percentage of nonprofits that provide services to youth.

Rate of Associations

The number of social associations for every 10,000 residents.

0

Youth residential stability

0 National Rate

A standardized score (z-score) for this location in relation to the overall rates across the country of young people, ages 18-29, who have lived at the same address for the past 12 months. If positive, then above average, and if negative, then below average.

Residential racial segregation

For areas where communities of color make up more than 5% of the population, the Residential Racial Segregation Index from Robert Wood Johnson Foundation goes from 1 to 100. The higher the number, the more segregated a community.

Partisan lean

The partisan lean of the electorate in the past two presidential elections. For the district level, as reported by the Cook Political Report, and for the state level as calculated by CIRCLE based on the formula used by Cook Partisan Voting Index

Winning Presidential candidate

The party of the candidate who won the largest share of the vote (among all ages) in the state.

Was the last Presidential election close?

Was the vote difference between the winner and runner-up of the previous presidential election within 3 percentage points?

0/10 Facilitative Election Laws

A score, from 1 to 10 that measures how strongly a state has implemented laws that facilitate registration and voting, such as pre-registration and automatic registration. Learn more about Facilitative Election Laws

Statute on high school voter registration?

Is there a state statute focused on facilitating the voter registration of high school students? Find more information about
your state's statute.