1.
Australia
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Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the worlds sixth-largest country by total area, the neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east, and New Zealand to the south-east. Australias capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney, for about 50,000 years before the first British settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who spoke languages classifiable into roughly 250 groups. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades, and by the 1850s most of the continent had been explored, on 1 January 1901, the six colonies federated, forming the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia has since maintained a liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy comprising six states. The population of 24 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard, Australia has the worlds 13th-largest economy and ninth-highest per capita income. With the second-highest human development index globally, the country highly in quality of life, health, education, economic freedom. The name Australia is derived from the Latin Terra Australis a name used for putative lands in the southern hemisphere since ancient times, the Dutch adjectival form Australische was used in a Dutch book in Batavia in 1638, to refer to the newly discovered lands to the south. On 12 December 1817, Macquarie recommended to the Colonial Office that it be formally adopted, in 1824, the Admiralty agreed that the continent should be known officially as Australia. The first official published use of the term Australia came with the 1830 publication of The Australia Directory and these first inhabitants may have been ancestors of modern Indigenous Australians. The Torres Strait Islanders, ethnically Melanesian, were originally horticulturists, the northern coasts and waters of Australia were visited sporadically by fishermen from Maritime Southeast Asia. The first recorded European sighting of the Australian mainland, and the first recorded European landfall on the Australian continent, are attributed to the Dutch. The first ship and crew to chart the Australian coast and meet with Aboriginal people was the Duyfken captained by Dutch navigator, Willem Janszoon. He sighted the coast of Cape York Peninsula in early 1606, the Dutch charted the whole of the western and northern coastlines and named the island continent New Holland during the 17th century, but made no attempt at settlement. William Dampier, an English explorer and privateer, landed on the north-west coast of New Holland in 1688, in 1770, James Cook sailed along and mapped the east coast, which he named New South Wales and claimed for Great Britain. The first settlement led to the foundation of Sydney, and the exploration, a British settlement was established in Van Diemens Land, now known as Tasmania, in 1803, and it became a separate colony in 1825. The United Kingdom formally claimed the part of Western Australia in 1828. Separate colonies were carved from parts of New South Wales, South Australia in 1836, Victoria in 1851, the Northern Territory was founded in 1911 when it was excised from South Australia

2.
The Age
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The Age is a daily newspaper that has been published in Melbourne, Australia, since 1854. It is delivered in both hardcopy and online formats, the newspaper shares many articles with other Fairfax Media metropolitan daily newspapers, such as The Sydney Morning Herald. As at February 2017, The Age had a weekday circulation of 88,000. The Sunday Age had a circulation of 123,000 and these represented year-on-year declines of 8% to 9%. The Ages website, according to third-party web analytics providers Alexa and SimilarWeb, is the 44th and 58th most visited website in Australia respectively, SimilarWeb rates the site as the seventh most visited news website in Australia, attracting more than 7 million visitors per month. The newspaper went compact in March 2013, with the Saturday and Sunday editions retaining the broadsheet format, on 22/23 February 2014, the final weekend edition were produced in broadsheet format with these too converted to compact format on 1/2 March 2014. The Ages parent company Chief executive officer, Greg Hywood, has foreshadowed the end of the print edition of the newspaper, with some analysts saying this will occur during 2017. The Age was founded by three Melbourne businessmen, the brothers John and Henry Cooke, who had arrived from New Zealand in the 1840s, the first edition appeared on 17 October 1854. The first edition under the new owners was on 17 June 1856, Ebenezer Syme was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly shortly after buying The Age, and his brother David Syme soon came to dominate the paper, editorially and managerially. When Ebenezer died in 1860, David became editor-in-chief, a position he retained until his death in 1908, in 1891, Syme bought out Ebenezers heirs and McEwans and became sole proprietor. He built up The Age into Victorias leading newspaper, in circulation, it soon overtook its rivals The Herald and The Argus, and by 1890 it was selling 100,000 copies a day, making it one of the worlds most successful newspapers. Under Symes control The Age exercised enormous political power in Victoria, Syme was originally a free trader, but converted to protectionism through his belief that Victoria needed to develop its manufacturing industries behind tariff barriers. In the 1890s, The Age was a supporter of Australian federation. After Symes death the paper remained in the hands of his three sons, with his eldest son Herbert Syme becoming general manager until his death in 1939, by the 1940s, the papers circulation was smaller than it had been in 1900, and its political influence also declined. Although it remained more liberal than the extremely conservative Argus, it lost much of its political identity. The historian Sybil Nolan writes, Accounts of The Age in these years generally suggest that the paper was second-rate, walker described a newspaper which had fallen asleep in the embrace of the Liberal Party, querulous, doddery and turgid are some of the epithets applied by other journalists. In 1942, David Symes last surviving son, Oswald Syme and he modernised the papers appearance and standards of news coverage. A takeover attempt by the Warwick Fairfax family, publishers of The Sydney Morning Herald, was beaten off and this new lease on life allowed The Age to recover commercially, and in 1957 it received a great boost when The Argus ceased publication

3.
The Sydney Morning Herald
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The Sydney Morning Herald is a daily compact newspaper published by Fairfax Media in Sydney, Australia. Founded in 1831 as the Sydney Herald, the SMH is the oldest continuously published newspaper in Australia, the newspaper is published six days a week. It is available at outlets in Sydney, regional New South Wales, Canberra, the Sydney Morning Herald includes a variety of supplements, including the magazines Good Weekend, and Sunday Life. By February 2016, average circulation had fallen to 104,000, similarWeb rates the site as the fifth most visited news website in Australia and as the 42nd newspapers website globally, attracting more than 15 million visitors per month. In 1931 a Centenary Supplement was published, the original four-page weekly had a print run of 750. In 1840, the newspaper began to publish daily, in 1841, an Englishman named John Fairfax purchased the operation, renaming it The Sydney Morning Herald the following year. Fairfax, whose family were to control the newspaper for almost 150 years, based his editorial policies upon principles of candour, honesty and we have no wish to mislead, no interest to gratify by unsparing abuse or indiscriminate approbation. During the decade 1890, Donald Murray worked there, the SMH was late to the trend of printing news rather than just advertising on the front page, doing so from 15 April 1944. Of the countrys metropolitan dailies, only The West Australian was later in making the switch, in 1949, the newspaper launched a Sunday edition, The Sunday Herald. Four years later, this was merged with the newly acquired Sun newspaper to create The Sun-Herald, in 1995, the company launched the newspapers web edition smh. com. au. The site has grown to include interactive and multimedia features beyond the content in the print edition. Around the same time, the organisation moved from Jones Street to new offices at Darling Park and built a new printing press at Chullora, the SMH has since moved with other Sydney Fairfax divisions to a building at Darling Island. In May 2007, Fairfax Media announced it would be moving from a format to the smaller compact or tabloid-size, in the footsteps of The Times. Fairfax Media dumped these plans later in the year, however, in June 2012, Fairfax Media again announced it planned to shift both broadsheet newspapers to tabloid size, in March 2013. Fairfax also announced it would cut staff across the group by 1,900 over three years and erect paywalls around the papers websites. The subscription type is to be a model, limiting readers to a number of free stories per month, with a payment required for further access. In July 2013 it was announced that the SMHs news director, Darren Goodsir, would become Editor-in-Chief, on 22 February 2014, the final Saturday edition was produced in broadsheet format with this too converted to compact format on 1 March 2014. Ahead of the decommissioning of the plant at Chullora in June 2014

4.
Fairfax Media
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Fairfax Media Limited is one of the largest media companies in Australia and New Zealand, with investment in newspaper, magazines, radio and the Internet. John Fairfax purchased The Sydney Morning Herald in 1841 and the family retained control of the business until late in the twentieth century. Fairfax has a portfolio of leading online products, including the digital news brands, SMH. com. au, an Australian news site and AFR. com, a financial news site. The group also has leading online marketplaces including Domain. com. au for real estate, events, a major events business including City2Surf and GoodFood Month. Australian Community Media, a network of regional, rural and local newspapers including The Canberra Times, Newcastle Herald, Digital Ventures, encompasses digital publisher Allure Media, and partnerships with Huffington Post for HuffPost Australia and Nine Entertainment Co. for Stan, the video streaming service. New Zealand Media, including national brand Stuff. co. nz and metro titles The Dominion Post in Wellington and The Press in Christchurch. In 2014, Fairfax entered into a joint venture partnership with Nine Entertainment Co, called StreamCo, in 2015, Fairfax Media and The Huffington Post Media Group launched HuffPost. com. au, an Australian edition of The Huffington Post. HuffPost Australia is The Huffington Post’s 15th site in the expanding global presence. In December 2015, automotive digital business 112 and Fairfaxs Drive. com. au announced the formation of a 50,50 joint venture in the online motor sector. Fairfax will license the Drive brand and Drive. com. au URL to 112, which owns and operates themotorreport. com. au. The groups chairman is Nick Falloon and the executive officer is Greg Hywood. John Fairfax purchased The Sydney Morning Herald in 1841, several generations of the Fairfax family continued to control the company. Fairfax Media was founded by the Fairfax family as John Fairfax and Sons, the Fairfax family lost control of the company in December 1990. It was renamed from John Fairfax Holdings to Fairfax Media in 2007, the Australian Financial Review was founded in 1951. In that decade, Fairfax started two stations, ATN and QTQ. Fairfax began expanding in the 1960s, acquiring, among others, The Age, The Newcastle Herald, in 1979, Rupert Murdoch attempted to take over rival The Herald and Weekly Times. Due to the costs of defending the takeover, Fairfax sold its television properties, in 1987, Warwick Fairfax, then aged 26, controversially bought out his familys holdings in the company by borrowing heavily. He successfully took it over, but, on 10 December 1990, the company collapsed, in April 2003, Fairfax acquired the publishing assets of New Zealands Independent Newspapers Limited, including many of New Zealands highest-profile newspapers

5.
Crikey
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Crikey is an Australian electronic magazine comprising a website and email newsletter available to subscribers. Crikey was described by former Federal Opposition Leader Mark Latham as the most popular website in Parliament House in The Latham Diaries and it had in 2014 around 17,000 paying subscribers. In 2016 editorship passed to Cassidy Knowlton, who succeeded Marni Cordell, Crikey was founded by activist shareholder Stephen Mayne, a journalist and former staffer of then Liberal Victorian premier Jeff Kennett. It developed out of Maynes jeffed. com website, which in turn developed out of his aborted independent candidate campaign for Kennetts seat of Burwood. Longstanding Crikey political commentators/reporters include former Liberal insider Christian Kerr, Guy Rundle, Charles Richardson, Bernard Keane, Mungo MacCallum, under the agreement, Mayne has occasionally written for the email newsletter. Under PMPs stewardship the publication aimed for professional style, avoiding the use of in-house nicknames and other idiosyncrasies of the original Crikey

6.
ABC News (Australia)
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ABC News is a national news service in Australia produced by the News and Current Affairs division of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. The division is responsible for all news-gathering and production of output for ABC television, radio. Although the ABC is owned and funded by the Australian Government, the flagship radio news programs, AM, The World Today and PM are broadcast over various ABC radio outlets. ABC television news bulletins are broadcast throughout the day — including the flagship nightly 7pm state-based bulletins, bulletins focus strongly on issues of state relevance, with a greater inclusion of national and international news items than are found in the news bulletins of commercial broadcasters. The programme is shown online and on Australia Plus in the Asia Pacific region. Weekend Breakfast is broadcast weekends from 7am -11, 00am on ABC and ABC News 24 from ABCs main national news studios in Sydney at Ultimo and is presented by Andrew Geoghegan and Miriam Corowa. ABC News Mornings is presented by Joe OBrien from the ABCs main national news studios in Sydney at Ultimo, sport is presented by Paul Kennedy and weather is presented by Nate Byrne. A separate edition of the bulletin is produced for Western Australia two to three hours after the original broadcast, as the delay was deemed too long to remain up-to-date. Both versions air on ABC News 24, the bulletin was launched in February 2005 to replace the less successful Midday News and Business, preceded in turn by the long-running World at Noon. ABC News Early Edition is presented by James McHale from ABCs Perth studios and airs weekdays at 5pm on ABC in each Australian state, weather is presented by Graham Creed. 7.30 is presented by Leigh Sales and Matt Wordsworth from the ABCs main national news studios in Ultimo, Sydney on ABC at 7. 30pm, however, when a big state political event happens, the national program can be pre-empted by the local edition. Lateline is presented by Tony Jones and Emma Alberici from the ABCs main national news studios at Ultimo, Sydney, the program has developed a reputation for head-to-head debates on current issues and political interviews. National news updates are presented on ABC throughout the day with evening updates presented live in most states by the state news presenters. The ABCs Brisbane studios produces the 8. 30pm weeknight update, National updates are also available on demand via ABC News Online. The news bulletins such as ABC News Mornings, ABC News Afternoons, The World, The World This Week, Weekend Breakfast, ABC News Canberra is presented from the ABCs Dickson studios by Dan Bourchier on weeknights and Craig Allen on weekends with sports presenter Chris Kimball. ABC News New South Wales is presented from the ABCs Ultimo studios by Juanita Phillips, weather is presented by Graham Creed on weeknights. The Sydney bulletin was first presented in 1956 by veteran newsreader James Dibble until June 1983 when he was replaced by Richard Morecroft - who remained as presenter for the two decades. ABC News Northern Territory is presented from ABC Northerns Darwin studios by Eleni Roussos from Sunday to Thursday, ABC News Queensland is presented from the ABCs Queensland headquarters on Brisbanes South Bank by Karina Carvalho on weeknights and Jessica van Vonderen on weekends

7.
ABC Online
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ABC Online is the brand name in Australia for the online services of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, managed by ABC Innovation. It covers a large network of websites including those for ABC News, television, radio, ABC Online is one of Australias largest and most-visited web sites, according to Alexa the eleventh-most popular in the country. It currently contains over 5 million pages, the ABC established its original Multimedia Unit in 1995, to manage the Corporations website. Although the unit at first relied upon funding allocation to the Corporations television and radio operations, the ABC provided live, online election coverage for the first time in 1996, and limited news content began to be provided in 1997. ABC Online became a part of ABC New Media and Digital Services when the Multimedia division was renamed and changed to a division similar to Television or Radio. Broadband news services were introduced in 2001, in 2008, Crikey reported that certain ABC Online mobile sites in development were planned to carry commercial advertising. Screenshots, developed in-house, of an ABC Grandstand sport page include advertising for two private companies, Media Watch later revealed that the websites were to be operated by ABC Commercial and distinguished from the main, advertising-free, mobile website by a distinct logo

8.
Midwest Radio Network
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Midwest Radio Network is an Australian company which has a global media business concentrated in two main areas, broadcasting and digital media. The broadcasting division focuses on the operation of FM and AM commercial radio stations in the Midwest region, west of Sydney, the digital media platform comprising newspaper-style news portals is internationally concentrated. Midwest Radio Network was founded on 7 June 1938 as Lithgow Broadcasters Pty Ltd and was granted a license to transmit that year, initially the company was a subsidiary of Western Newspapers Pty Ltd. In July 1939 the company began broadcasting with the channel name 2LT as part of the Macquarie Central Western Network, in the 1970s the company was acquired by the Transcontinental Broadcasting Company Limited. This in turn was bought by Broadcast Investments Pty Limited, the owner of 2UE. Late in 1979 Lithgow Broadcasters was transferred to interests associated with John McEvoy of the Metro Hotels group. On 21 June 1984 the company changed its name to Midwest Radio Network Pty Ltd, subsequently the name of the public company was changed to Media Corporation Australia Limited. Control of the assets had passed to MCA and Midwest Radio Network was now concentrating on online news portals. However, in March 2006 Media Corporation Australia went into liquidation, both stations were offered for sale but no buyers emerged. Four years later Midwest Radio Network terminated the receivership and resumed control of the radio stations, the proposal did not eventuate and Midwest proceeded to develop the station, building a transmitting aerial and a studio at Bowenfels. The station was to broadcast 10 hours a day initially, a contract for the erection of the tubular steel aerial mast, which was to be 218 feet in height was entered into in January 1939 while tenders were called for other buildings to be built. It was intended the mast would be finished in six weeks, the erection of the mast which had been extended to 228 feet in height was a disaster. A pulley failed causing the newly constructed mast to buckle and fall, a new mast had to be commissioned which took two to three weeks to build. In the end the two contractors commissioned to erect the mast were unable to do so, the Mayor of Lithgow Bob Fullagar, who was Manager of the Lithgow State Mine at the time, took over the job and had the mast installed. The official opening of 2LT occurred on 2 July 1939, the station was opened by the Australian Minister for Customs Mr. J. N. The minister also directed the station itself not be able to comment on industrial matters unless it followed the same procedure and he said he had directed the Crown Solicitor to investigate the powers of the government in such matters. The Postmaster-General linked the station ban to his governments concern about communism infiltrating the unions and he was quoted as saying there were only two classes of Australians today, those who were loyal to the country and those who were not. The Australian Government restriction imposed on 2LT occurred as a coal mining strike was entering its third month, with most coal mines in Australia located in