Sparse Arrays

The Wolfram Language has special sparse-array technology for efficiently handling arrays with literally astronomical numbers of elements when only a small fraction of the elements are nonzero. The Wolfram Language's linear algebra and all standard list operations can be done in symbolic form on SparseArray objects, in which nonzero elements are specified by giving rules—potentially including patterns—for the values of elements at particular positions.

SparseArray— create a sparse array of any rank from a list of rules or a dense array