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Horse Apples are the fruit of the Osage Orange tree, AKA the B'oise de' Arc (Archer wood, pronounced "Bo-dark"), so named because plains Indians used the very dense, hard,heartwood to make bows(some of which pulled at close to 200 lb...)

These trees were commonly planted across the plains as hedges in days prior to barbed wire as they can grow very densely together. Only the female trees produce the osage orange fruit, which are also commonly called hedge apples.