Modern History Sourcebook:
Editorial of the Liberation Army Daily (Jiefangjun Bao):
Mao Tse-Tung's Thought is the Telescope and Microscope of Our Revolutionary Cause,
June 7, 1966

The current great socialist cultural revolution is a great revolution to sweep away all
monsters and a great revolution that remoulds the ideology of people and touches their
souls. What weapon should be used to sweep away all monsters? What ideology should be
applied to arm people's minds and remould their souls? The most powerful ideological
weapon, the only one, is the great Mao Tse-tung's thought.

Mao Tse-tung's thought is our political orientation, the highest instruction for our
actions; it is our ideological and political telescope and microscope for observing and
analysing all things, In this unprecedented great cultural revolution, we should use Mao
Tse-tung's thought to observe, analyse and transform everything, and, in a word, put it in
command of everything. We should use Mao Tse-tung's thought to storm the enemy's positions
and seize victory .. . . . Our struggle against the black anti-Party, anti-socialist line
and gangsters is a mighty, life-and-death class struggle. The enemies without guns are
more hidden, cunning, sinister and vicious than the enemies with guns. The representatives
of the bourgeoisie and all monsters, including the modern revisionists, often oppose the
red flag by hoisting a red flag and oppose Marxism-Leninism and Mao Tse-tung's thought
under the cloak of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Tse-tung's thought when they attack the Party
and socialism, because Marxism-Leninism and Mao Tse-tung's thought are becoming more
popular day by day, our Party and Chairman Mao enjoy an incomparably high prestige and the
dictatorship of the proletariat in our country is becoming more consolidated. These are
the tactics that the revisionists always use in opposing Marxism-Leninism. This is a new
characteristic of the class struggle under the conditions of the dictatorship of the
proletariat.

The many facts exposed during the great cultural revolution show us more clearly that
the anti-Party and anti-socialist elements are all careerists, schemers and hypocrites of
the exploiting classes. They indulge in double-dealing. They feign compliance while acting
in opposition. They appear to be men but are demons at heart. They speak human language to
your face, but talk devil's language behind your back. They are wolves in sheep's clothing
and man-eating tigers with smiling faces. They often use the phrases of Marxism-Leninism
and Mao Tse-tung's thought as a cover while greatly publicizing diametrically opposed
views behind the word "but" and smuggling in bourgeois and revisionist stuff.
Enemies holding a false red banner are ten times more vicious than enemies holding a white
banner. Wolves in sheep's clothing are ten times more sinister than ordinary wolves.
Tigers with smiling faces arc ten times more ferocious than tigers with their fangs bared
and their claws sticking out. Sugar-coated bullets are ten times more destructive than
real bullets. A fortress is most vulnerable when attacked from within. Enemies who have
wormed their way into our ranks are far more dangerous than enemies operating in the open.
We must give this serious attention and be highly vigilant.

In such a very complicated and acute class struggle, how are we to draw a clear-cut
line between the enemy and ourselves and maintain a firm stand? How are we to distinguish
between revolutionaries and counter-revolutionaries, genuine revolutionaries and sham
revolutionaries, and Marxism-Leninism and revisionism? We must master Mao Tse-tung's
thought, the powerful ideological weapon, and use it as a telescope and a microscope to
observe all matters. With the invincible Mao Tse-tung's thought, with the scientific world
outlook and methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism which have
been developed by Chairman Mao, and with the sharp weapon of Chairman Mao's theory of
classes and class struggle, we have the highest criterion for judging right and wrong. . .

Chairman Mao teaches us, "The proletariat seeks to transform the world according
to its own world outlook, so does the bourgeoisie." In the sharp clash between the
two world outlooks, either you crush me, or I crush you. It will not do to sit on the
fence; there is no middle road. The overthrown bourgeoisie, in their plots for restoration
and subversion, always give first place to ideology, take hold of ideology and the
superstructure. The representatives of the bourgeoisie, by using their position and power,
usurped and controlled the leadership of a number of departments, did all they could to
spread bourgeois and revisionist poison through the media of literature, the theatre,
films, music, the arts, the press, periodicals, the radio, publications and academic
research and schools, etc., in an attempt to corrupt people's minds and perpetrate
"peaceful evolution" as ideological preparation and preparation of public
opinion for capitalist restoration. If our proletarian ideology does not take over the
position, then the bourgeois ideology will have free rein; it will gradually nibble away
and chew you up bit by bit. Once proletarian ideology gives way, so will the
superstructure and the economic base and this means the restoration of capitalism,
Therefore, we must arm our minds with Mao Tse-tung's thought and establish a firm
proletarian world outlook. We must use the great Mao Tse-tung's thought to fight and
completely destroy the bourgeois ideological and cultural positions.

Mao Tse-tung's thought is the acme of Marxism-Leninism in the present era. It is living
Marxism-Leninism at its highest. It is the powerful, invincible weapon of the Chinese
people, and it is also a powerful, invincible weapon of the revolutionary people the world
over. Mao Tse-tung's thought has proved to be the invincible truth through the practice of
China's democratic revolution, socialist revolution and socialist construction, and
through the struggle in the international sphere against U.S. imperialism and its lackeys
and against Khrushchev revisionism. Chairman Mao has, with the gifts of genius, creatively
and comprehensively developed Marxism-Leninism. Basing himself on the fundamental theses
of Marxism-Leninism, Chairman Mao has summed up the experience of the practice of the
Chinese revolution and the world revolution, and the painful lesson of the usurpation of
the leadership of the Party and the state of the Soviet Union by the modern revisionist
clique, systematically put forward the theory concerning classes, class contradictions and
class struggle that exist in socialist society, greatly enriched and developed the
Marxist-Leninist theory on the dictatorship of the proletariat, and put forward a series
of wise policies aimed at opposing and preventing revisionism and the restoration of
capitalism. . . . Every sentence by Chairman Mao is the truth, and carries more weight
than ten thousand ordinary sentences. As the Chinese people master Mao Tse-tung's thought,
China will be prosperous and ever-victorious. Once the world's people master Mao
Tse-tung's thought ,which is living Marxism-Leninism, they are sure to win their
emancipation, bury imperialism, modern revisionism and all reactionaries lock, stock and
barrel, and realize communism throughout the world step by step.

The most fundamental task in the great socialist cultural revolution in our country is
to eliminate thoroughly the old ideology and culture, the old customs and habits which
were fostered by all the exploiting classes for thousands of years to poison the minds of
the people, and to create and form an entirely new, proletarian ideology and culture, new
customs and habits among the masses of the people. This is to creatively study and apply
Mao Tse-tung's thought in tempestuous class struggle, popularize it and let it become
closely integrated with the masses of workers, peasants and soldiers. Once the masses
grasp it, Mao Tse-tung's thought will be transformed into a mighty material force. Facts
show that those armed with Mao Tse-tung's thought are the bravest, wisest, most united,
most steadfast in class stand and have the sharpest sight. In this great, stormy cultural
revolution, the masses of workers, peasants and soldiers are playing the role of the main
force -this is the result of their efforts in creatively studying and applying Mao
Tse-tung's thought and arming their ideology with it. This is another eloquent proof of
the fact that when the masses of workers, peasants and soldiers master the political
telescope and microscope of Mao Tse-tung's thought, they are invincible and
ever-triumphant. . . .

The attitude towards Mao Tse-tung's thought, whether to accept it or resist it, to
support it or oppose it, to love it warmly or be hostile to it, this is the touchstone to
test and the watershed between true revolution and sham revolution, between revolution and
counter-revolution, between Marxism-Leninism and revisionism. He who wants to make
revolution must accept Mao Tse-tung's thought and act in accordance with it. A
counter-revolutionary will inevitably disparage, distort, resist, attack and oppose Mao
Tse-tung's thought. The "authorities" of the bourgeoisie and all monsters,
including the modern revisionists, use every means to slander Mao Tse-tung's thought, and
they are extremely hostile to the creative study and application of Mao Tse-tung's works
by the masses of workers, peasants and soldiers. They wildly attack the creative study and
application of Mao Tse-tung's works by workers, peasants and soldiers as
"philistinism," "over-simplification" and "pragmatism." The
only explanation is that this flows from their exploiting class instinct. They fear Mao
Tse-tung's thought, the revolutionary truth of the proletariat, and particularly the
integration of Mao Tse-tung's thought with the worker, peasant and soldier masses. Once
the workers, peasants and soldiers master the sharp weapon of Mao Tse-tung's thought, all
monsters have no ground left to stand on. All their intrigues and plots will be thoroughly
exposed, their ugly features will be brought into the broad light of day and their dream
to restore capitalism will be utterly shattered.

The class enemy won't fall down if you don't bit him. lie still tries to rise to his
feet after he has fallen. When one black- line is eliminated, another appears. When one
gang of representatives of the bourgeoisie has been laid low, a new one takes the stage.
We must follow the instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
and never forget the class struggle, never forget the dictatorship of the proletariat,
never forget to give prominence to politics, never forget to hold aloft the great red
banner of Mao Tse-tung's thought. We must firmly give prominence to politics. We must
creatively study and apply still better Chairman Mao Tse-tung's works, putting stress on
the importance of application. We must consider Chairman Mao's works the supreme directive
for all our work. We must master Mao Tse-tung's thought and pass it on from generation to
generation. This is dictated by the needs of the revolution, the situation, the struggle
against the enemy, the preparations to smash aggressive war by U.S. imperialism, of
opposing and preventing revisionism, preventing the restoration of capitalism, of building
socialism with greater, faster, better and more economical results and of ensuring the
gradual transition from socialism to communism in China. Chairman Mao is the radiant sun
lighting our minds. Mao Tse-tung's thought is our lifeline. Those who oppose Mao
Tse-tung's thought, no matter when they do so and what kind of "authorities"
they are, will be denounced by the entire Party and the whole nation.

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