In the last decade, we have witnessed the revigoration of the economies of some African countries following an increased demand for petrol and other raw materials on a global scale. The rise of the “emerging powers” (i.e., China, India, Brazil, South Africa, Russia) and their massive penetration into the African markets constitutes a decisive factor in this process. The “emerging powers”, by way of their activities carried out on the African continent, besides the fact that they are the principal “resource importers”, offer poorer countries and countries that are in the process of development, new models of economic growth, different from those practised by the occidental powers via the World Bank and the IMF. China and the other emerging powers furnish credit at low interest rates, are implied in the development of the infrastructure in African countries, participate in the formation of managerial cadres, and especially do not imply themselves in the political life of the African countries. These evolutions are the expression of certain profound changes in the balance of powers at the global level, that obliges us to accept that in today’s world, a transition is taking place from the single model of development recommended by neoliberal fundamentalism, to a world with more “poles” of growth, and more development strategies.