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...Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
(Bio-energy Technology Development Group- BGFP)
*******
The first Biogas Bottling Plant towards commercialization in India – A success story
Keeping in view the energy shortage in the country there is a need to tap biomass resources
such as cattle dung, kitchen waste, agricultural waste etc for generation of biogas through the
involvement of entrepreneurs and industries to set up decentralised biogas based energy
infrastructure in the country, at the potential sites where biomass available is plenty.
Under technology demonstration of new RDD&D Policy of Ministry of New and Renewable
Energy (MNRE), the Ministry took up a new initiative for bottling of biogas to demonstrate an
Integrated Technology-package in entrepreneurial mode on medium size mixed feed biogas-fertilizer
plants (BGFP) for generation, purification/enrichment, bottling and piped distribution of biogas.
Installation of such plants aims at meeting stationary and motive power, cooling, refrigeration and
electricity needs in addition to cooking and heating requirements. There could be a huge potential of
installation of medium size biogas-fertilizer plants in the country. Under the demonstration phase,
the Ministry is providing a central financial assistance from 30-50% of the cost (excluding cost of
land) for a limited number of such projects for implementation...

...DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A BIOGAS PLANT
BY
SADIQ SANUSI UMAR
SCI/05/PHY/04045
A final year Project submitted to
The Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Bayero University Kano.
NOVEMBER 2009.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Verily, all praise is due to Allah, the eternally besought of all, the most conclusive of all judges. Glory is unto Him whose aid and forgiveness we seek. May Allah extol and send blessings of peace upon His Slave and Messenger, the best of His creation, and the faithful to His revelation, Muhammad (S.A.W) the son of Abdullah; upon his family, his companions and those who have clutched to his Sunnah with their morals until the Day of Reckoning.
The number of words, sentences and paragraphs meant to seal and certify the approval of this project will be shortened without the recognition of the enormous task shouldered by my beloved parents, who were firmly behind me up to the fruition of this endeavor. Indeed, their much deserved reward is with Him in whose hands reside our lives.
I wish to register my weighty gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. A.O Musa, for his maximum effort in going through the scripts and making indispensable corrections. May the Almighty reward him.
As a final point, I will not fail to acknowledge the encouragement, counsel and support I received from my good friends and well wishers.
May Allah, Who is free from all error and absentmindedness, bless all of us, and may He cause the efforts of all drawn in to...

...A REPORT ON
“UPGRADING BIOGAS BY REMOVAL OF CARBON DIOXIDE
FOR USE AS A DOMESTIC FUEL”
By
R.Mani Sravani 2010A1PS512G
Avi Agarwal 2010A1PS515G
BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI- K.K.BIRLA GOA CAMPUS
DECEMBER 2012
REPORT ON
“UPGRADING BIOGAS BY REMOVAL OF CARBON DIOXIDE
FOR USE AS A DOMESTIC FUEL”
By
R.Mani Sravani 2010A1PS512G
Avi Agarwal 2010A1PS515G
Prepared in fulfillment of
Lab Oriented Project Course (BITS GC 313 )
Under the supervision of Dr.K.N.Ponnani
Department of Chemical Engineering
BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI- K.K.BIRLA GOA CAMPUS
DECEMBER 2012
ABSTRACT
This report explains all the viable technologies and methods to upgrade a biogas feed to a certain level of purity to compress, store and use as a domestic fuel. The increase in purity also lends itself to increasing the energy producing capability of the fuel.
The report starts off by considering membrane separation technology for the purpose of purification. With economic and feasibility objectives in mind, water absorption is decided upon as the most beneficial technology.
The conditions are then simulated in chemcad to get the ideal parameters for the process.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We are very much grateful to Dr.K.N.Ponnani, consultant and R &amp; D of chemical engineering department, Bits Pilani K K Birla campus for giving us an...

...Industrial Sludge to Produce Biogas
Salma A. Iqbal1, Shahinur Rahaman, Mizanur Rahman, Abu Yousuf
Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science
Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet-3114
Keywords:
Anaerobic digestion,
Industrial sludge,
Biogas
Abstract: Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is a series of process in which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen, used for industrial or domestic purposes to manage waste and/or to release energy. It is a common scheme for industrial sludge treatment because of producing biogas the content of which includes methane (CH4)(55-65%),CO2(30-35%),small amounts of other O2, H2S etc. and is an environmentally friendly fuel. Large quantities of sludge are produced in industrial wastewater treatment. Industrial sludge has a high putrescibility and therefore has to be stabilized in order to enable an environmentally safe utilization or disposal. The anaerobic digestion is the standard technique to stabilize the industrial sludge. Digestion produces biogas and reduces the amount of organic matter. The amount of excess sludge production from wastewater treatment plants is continuously increasing. Therefore, minimization of excess industrial sludge is becoming more and more important. The objectives of the paper are the review of the anaerobic process, mass reduction, biogas production and improved dewatering...

...Producing Biogas at Dairy Farms in The Netherlands
1 Introduction
Anaerobic digestion of organic wastes and by‐products from agriculture and the food industry is a process known for many years and is widely used for waste stabilization, pollution control, improvement of manure quality and biogas production (Weiland, 2006). Biogas production from manure contributes to climate protection by reducing emissions of CO2 via substitution of fossil fuels and by reducing CH4 emissions from the manure during storage (Moller et al., 2007). It is expected that biogas production will be instrumental in reaching European goals in the field of renewable energy. Due to the simultaneous advantages of avoiding greenhouse gas emissions and producing energy (Sommer et al., 2004) as well as reducing odor emissions (Hansen et al., 2006), there has been a rapid development in the use of biogas in recent years (Weiland, 2006).
In the EU, where only about 5% of the gross consumption is made up of renewables, which is lower than observed in other parts of the world, the share of renewables is expected to double by 2010, and the share of biogas, as part of it, is expected to rise to 12% (Nielsen, Al Seadi, 2006). The Dutch government, in its white paper on energy calls for a simultaneous approach of continuous energy savings, a 30% improvement of efficiency by 2020 and a 20% share of renewable energy in 2020...

...organic
wastes and recover bio-energy in the form of biogas, which consists mainly of CH4 and CO2. A
great option for improving yields of anaerobic digestion of solid wastes is the co-digestion of
multiple substrates. Numerous studies demonstrate that using co-substrates in anaerobic
digestion system improves the biogas yields due to positives synergisms established in the
digestion medium and the supply of missing nutrients by the co-substrates. In addition, codigestion offers several possible ecological economical advantages. Recent research (published
during the past three years) on this topic is reviewed in the current paper. Special attention is
paid to anaerobic co-digestion of animal waste, crop and crop residues, municipal solid waste
(MSW), as well as municipal sewage sludge.
KEYWORDS: Anaerobic; Co-digestion; Biomass; Methane; Animal Manure
INTRODUCTION
Biomass
Biomass has been defined as organic matter formed by photosynthetic capture of solar energy
and stored as chemical energy (Gunaseelan, 1997), which includes agricultural crops and
wastes, animal wastes, forest and mill residues, wood and wood wastes, livestock operation
residues, aquatic plants, fast-growing trees and plants, and municipal and industrial wastes.
Recently, oil crisis have brought great interest in the exploration of renewable energy, specially,
bioenergy contained in biomass. The solar energy stored in biomass could be released as...

...Biogas Compressor Project
Dave Baron
Jessica Leginski
Alisyn Malek
Tim Murphy
Adam Smith
ME450, Winter ’08
Professor Skerlos, Section 6, Project 29
Department of Mechanical Engineering
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125
15 April 2008
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Biogas is becoming an increasingly important source of energy for rural areas in developing
countries, as can be seen by the increased construction of biodigesters. Biogas has become an
important fuel source because it is driven by readily available biomass. Because of this, there is a
need to increase the versatility and availability of this natural fuel source to accommodate
increased use. This biogas is produced by biodigesters that are currently in place. At the moment
there is no system available to store the gas that these digesters produce, so all the gas that is
created must be used at the same rate that it is produced. If the gas is not used at this rate the
system vents the excess gas into the atmosphere, adding more harmful greenhouse gases and
wasting fuel. Currently, to utilize the biogas, any system must be directly attached to the
biodigester.
The University of Michigan BLUELab is currently building a small-scale biodigester for testing
optimal biogas production parameters and measuring gases produced. They have asked us to
design and prototype a system to compress this gas, essentially making a traditionally...