I did not say that it wasn't a useful made up concept. If it did not facilitate human interaction it would be an occasional curiosity rather than an all pervasive fact of modern living. That doesn't change the fact that money itself is intrinsically worthless and only has the worth we ascribe to it.

R B Fuller references metal, shaped in half moon crescents, --or really horns of a bull--- found in Meditrerannean floor that he believe was one of early forms of money.

Minoan culture{ 2000 BCE } ---see Altantis/Crete-- worshiped the bull and most likely loaded their ships with this valuable, shaped metal, and traded instead of trying to haul around and trade since so much less messier than cows, calves, goats etc that may die before getting to another shore.

..."These Dutch companies amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange)"......

Greenback, penny, nickel, dime, quarter etc are all money irrespective of their changing values for bartering/trading consumers living or killing goods.

If they have too little or no value, then another medium ---ex digita/crypto-- will take their place.

..."So it seems that it wasn’t money, necessarily, that was the root of all evil, but rather the development of necessary evils like hard labor, debt, slavery and lordship, prostitution and organized systems of governance that gave rise to money."...

Greenback, penny, nickel, dime, quarter etc are all money irrespective of their changing values for bartering/trading consumers living or killing goods.

If they have too little or no value, then another medium ---ex digita/crypto-- will take their place. Just as valuble metals --for making swords etc--- took the place of real wealth cows, sheep, goats, lambs for barter/exchange.

Payment-in-kind stems from german 'kinder' as in kindergarten i.e. you will pay me back with the first born young calf ---young calf is kinder-- of the cow I have given you

..."Payment-in-kind (PIK) is the use of a good or service as payment instead of cash. Payment in kind also refers to a financial instrument that pays interest or dividends to investors of bonds, notes or preferred stock with additional securities or equity instead of cash"...

Real { royal } wealth stems from real estate i.e. land or cows the king{ royal } gives you.

Real wealth is what you can eat to sustain your days forward.

Money aka virtual/fake wealth is a temporary holding space, that can later be used --hopefully--- to trade/barter for real wealth{ food-water etc }.

Money aka tender ..."Legal tender is any official medium of payment recognized by law that can be used to extinguish a public or private debt, or meet a financial obligation. The national currency is legal tender in practically every country. A creditor is obligated to accept legal tender toward repayment of a debt."...

Virtual/fake wealth (which is the same as saying not really valuable).

As I stated in one or more ways.

If a ten-spot, ---irrespective of what you want to call it-- truly had no intrinsic value, you would not be so interested in recieving it from so many posters in your thread :--D

Even if money was made of gold its value would only be what people agreed on. If civiliation collapsed then having a stack of gold would not be much use to you - you'd be better off holding a stack of baked beans or potato seeds or maybe even clean water.