Overview

The cardiac tamponade is most often attributed to the rupture of an acute myocardial infarction or an intrapericardial rupture of a dissecting ascending aortic aneurysm. In developed countries malignancy is the leading cause of cardiac tamponade secondary to pericardial effusion.The incidence of cardiac tamponade based on a giant sample size of about 216 million emergency admissions was about 115,638(0.05%). The incidence of cardiac tamponade increases with age; the mean age was around 61.9. Cardiac temponade mortality rate is significantly different due to its underlying cause.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

The incidence of cardiac tamponade based on a giant sample size of about 216 million emergency admissions was about 115,638(0.05%)[1][2][3][4]

Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate

Cardiac temponade mortality rate is significantly different due to its underlying cause.[5][1][6]

Overall, hospitalized mortality rate is around 14.3% and sub groups with higher mortality are :

Sepsis (odds ratio:3.17)

Chest trauma (odds ratio:2.15)

Metastatic cancer:(odds ratio:1.90)

Acute kidney injury(odds ratio:1.91)

Idiopathic pericarditis (odds ratio: 0.21, least cause of mortality)

Age

The incidence of cardiac tamponade increases with age; the mean age was around 61.9.[1][7]

Race

There is no racial predilection to cardiac tamponade.

Gender

Cardiac tamponade affects men and women equally.

There is no study suggesting a meaningful sex difference among diagnosed patients.

Approximate Health Care cost In US

It needs around 12 days of hospitalization and a mean cost of $160,397.

Developed Countries

The leading cause of developing tamponade in developed countries is cancer.[7]