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Within the past 15 years, at least three bleach plants in North America experienced catastrophic equipment failures associated with the use of 50 wt% peroxide. People were badly injured in two instances, and these mills were fortunate to have avoided fatalities in these events. Hydrogen peroxide can be and has been used safely for many years, but like any strong oxidant, it must be handled with respect. This paper evaluates safety concerns associated with the use of hydrogen peroxide in the bleach plant. Several safety practices are suggested to address issues identified by these explosions and minimize the risk associated with use of peroxide.