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Summary

The fiction section from Laurence Perrine?s all-time bestselling introduction to literature, this concise, authoritative text provides a complete overview of the essential elements of fiction, along with a diverse selection of stories to illustrate them. This reliable, well-written classic has introduced thousands of students to the serious study of fiction, yet it remains vital and compelling for today?s readers, presenting the most important and engaging stories available in a single collection. The section on three featured writers, James Joyce, Flannery O?Connor, and Joyce Carol Oates, includes three stories by each author, as well as essays by noted critics on their works.

Table of Contents

Preface

p. ix

Professional Acknowledgments

p. xii

Foreword to Students

p. xiii

The Elements of Fiction

p. 1

Reading the Story

p. 3

Reviewing Chapter One

p. 9

The Most Dangerous Game

p. 9

Hunters in the Snow

p. 28

Suggestions for Writing

p. 42

Understanding and Evaluating Fiction

p. 43

Plot and Structure

p. 46

Reviewing Chapter Two

p. 54

The Destructors

p. 54

How I Met My Husband

p. 68

Interpreter of Maladies

p. 83

Suggestions for Writing

p. 102

Characterization

p. 103

Reviewing Chapter Three

p. 107

Everyday Use

p. 108

Miss Brill

p. 116

Sonny's Blues

p. 121

Suggestions for Writing

p. 149

Theme

p. 150

Reviewing Chapter Four

p. 157

Babylon Revisited

p. 157

Misery

p. 176

A Worn Path

p. 181

Once upon a Time

p. 189

Suggestions for Writing

p. 194

Point of View

p. 195

Reviewing Chapter Five

p. 201

Paul's Case

p. 202

The Lottery

p. 220

The Jilting of Granny Weatherall

p. 228

Hills Like White Elephants

p. 236

Suggestions for Writing

p. 241

Symbol, Allegory, and Fantasy

p. 242

Reviewing Chapter Six

p. 253

The Rocking-Horse Winner

p. 253

Young Goodman Brown

p. 267

The Yellow Wallpaper

p. 279

A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings

p. 293

Suggestions for Writing

p. 299

Humor and Irony

p. 301

Reviewing Chapter Seven

p. 305

The Drunkard

p. 306

Rape Fantasies

p. 315

The Guest

p. 323

Suggestions for Writing

p. 335

Evaluating Fiction

p. 336

Reviewing Chapter Eight

p. 339

The Matchmaker

p. 340

The Magic Barrel

p. 351

Suggestions for Writing

p. 366

Three Featured Writers

p. 367

Introduction

p. 369

The Sisters

p. 371

Araby

p. 378

The Boarding House

p. 384

Critical Perspectives on Joyce

p. 390

From Dubliners: A Pluralistic World

On ˘The Sisters÷

On ˘Araby÷

From ˘The Boarding House Seen as a Tale of Misdirection÷

A Good Man Is Hard to Find

p. 402

Good Country People

p. 416

Everything That Rises Must Converge

p. 434

Critical Perspectives on O'Connor

p. 448

˘A Reasonable Use of the Unreasonable÷

˘Letter to a Professor of English÷

From ˘A Good Man's Predicament÷

On ˘Good Country People÷

On ˘Everything That Rises Must Converge÷

Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?

p. 462

Life after High School

p. 477

June Birthing

p. 491

Critical Perspectives on Oates

p. 497

From ˘Stories That Define Me: The Making of a Writer÷

˘Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?' and Smooth Talk: S Story into Film÷

On ˘Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?÷

On ˘Life After High School÷ and ˘June Birthing÷ Suggestions for Writing

Writing about Fiction

p. 511

Why Write about Literature?

p. 513

For Whom Do You Write?

p. 513

Two Basic Approaches

p. 515

Explication

p. 515

Analysis

p. 516

Choosing a Topic

p. 516

Papers That Focus on a Single Story

p. 517

Papers of Comparison and Contrast

p. 517

Papers on a Number of Works by a Single Author

p. 518

Papers on a Number of Works with Some Feature Other Than Authorship in Common

p. 519

Proving Your Point

p. 519

Writing the Paper

p. 521

Writing In-Class Essays or Essay Tests

p. 523

Introducing Quotations (Q1-Q10)

p. 525

Documentation

p. 531

Textual Documentation (TD1-TD4)

p. 531

Parenthetical Documentation (PD1-PD6)

p. 533

Documentation by List of Works Cited

p. 535

Documentation of Electronic Sources

p. 537

Stance and Style (S1-S6)

p. 539

Grammar, Punctuation, and Usage: Common Problems

p. 542

Grammar (G1-G2)

p. 542

Punctuation (P1-P5)

p. 542

Usage (U1-U2)

p. 544

Writing Samples

p. 547

Fiction Explication: The Indeterminate Ending in ˘Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?÷

p. 547

Fiction Analysis: The Function of the Frame Stoty in ˘Once upon a Time÷