Tag: Yogi Berra

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The image atop this post comes from a new reading of the classic Langston Hughes poem Let America Be America Again, published in 1936. On one hand, it is discouraging that the poem is still so timely. Indeed, a speech from 1910 by Theodore Roosevelt is still timely and sounds remarkably like what Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren are saying today. We have frittered away so much of the hard-won partial progress made since 1910 and 1936. On the other hand, …

Slavomir Rawicz planned and led a small group’s escape from a prison camp in the Siberian Gulag in 1941. About 9 months and 3000 miles later, the 4 survivors reached safety in India, having walked (with a little crudely improvised equipment and w/o maps) thru Siberian snow, the Gobi Desert, and high passes in the Himalayas. Details are in his book The Long Walk.

There are many sane and decent people in the USA, and some of them may have the grit and ingenuity of Slavomir Rawicz and his companions. In my own small way, I will try to help and will keep Yogi Berra’s Law in mind.

Having flown my flag inverted (as a protest) for a few days after the electoral disaster of 2016, I put it away. The meaning of inversion would no longer be clear. In the spring of 2017, I bought a new flag (larger and US-made) for occasions like July 4th, when flying the flag upright would not look so much like general approval of the way things are going. Ceding patriotic symbols to bigots and plutocrats would be a tactical error.

Maybe I should be doing other things today, but I came across the new reading of the poem. Despite not having burst mode on my camera, I then lucked into a good snapshot of my flag waving proudly. As usual, I teared up when a radio station played The Battle Hymn of the Republic. Tonight, I will both smile and yawn when neighborhood fireworks keep me up late. Tomorrow, the sane and decent people can return to the work of redeeming the promise of this day.

Whatever hinders communication is bad English to me. While context may keep them from being very harmful, many grammar goofs are indeed bad English. But obfuscation is bad English too. Lynch quotes an example on page 20 (hardcover). The sentence is 136 words long, has no grammar goofs, purports to be a scholarly statement about philosophy, and is laughably unintelligible. It was an unintentional winner in a Bad Writing Contest.

Another example of bad English that may be “correct” from a language prig’s viewpoint is use of the word [nauseous]. See Example 5.1 in Part 5 in this series. Likewise for use of the word [inflammable]. See Example 5.2.

This post deals with a paradox about bad English. A visual hint is provided by the red squiggle in the image below.
Unless U want to doze off, U might want to drink some coffee (and maybe eat some chocolate) before reading the following cure for insomnia.

Gähnenschlafen’s Law

The relative standings of the participants at the conclusion of a game cannot be predicted with certainty at any time prior to the conclusion. The word [game] should be interpreted very broadly, as any kind of competitive interaction. For example, an illness may be considered to be a game with the patient and healthcare providers on one team, opposed by the illness along with the side effects of medical interventions on the other team. Furthermore, …

Gähnenschlafen’s Law is more familiar and less soporific when stated in another way. Two versions are widely quoted.

Yogi Berra’s Law{The game|It} ain’t over til it’s over.

Please be assured that I fervently admire things like Newton’s Laws and Coulomb’s Law (as well as Murphy’s Law), so I do not use the word [Law] lightly. I have already posted on the importance of Yogi Berra’s Law, and I might haul out Gähnenschlafen’s Law and some coffee if I needed to explain Yogi Berra’s Law to someone who did not understand it quickly. But I doubt that the need would arise. What is happening here? I believe the answer is relevant to some issues addressed in Lynch’s book. Imitating Yogi’s style as well as I can, I will try to state the answer concisely. The examples will (I hope!) clarify

Yogi Berra’s ParadoxSometimes bad English is good Englishthat’s good because it’s bad.

BTW, [Gähnenschlafen] is a name I made up, so as sound funny to anglophones. If U happen to know that [Gähnen] (in German) means what [yawn] means and [schlafen] means what [sleep] means, so much the better. I hope I did not accidentally blunder upon a real German name.

Example 7.1: Flaky Punctuation

The personal and political miseries of 1781 and 1782–the invasions by the British, the aspersions on his character, and the death of his wife–might well have sent lesser men back to their plantations in bitterness and in anger at the injustice of it all.

Not Jefferson. He chose advance over retreat.

Declarative sentences ordinarily have a subject and a verb. A language prig might complain about punctuating the tiny fragment [Not Jefferson.] like a declarative sentence. But it works here. (A language prig might also complain that I should have written [However,] rather than [But].) I did not notice any other instance of flaky punctuation in the entire book (505 pages hardcover, not counting the notes).

A good way to convey emphasis calmly in speech is to exaggerate the minuscule pauses between words. Occasional flaky punctuation of a short stretch of writing can do the same job, as in

Ain’t. Gonna. Happen.

Don’t overdo it.

Example 7.2: Using Taboo Words

Near the end of Chapter 11, Lynch quotes approvingly from a Lenny Bruce monolog about ethnic slurs, with emphasis on the N-word. Bruce says that

… the word’s suppression gives it the power, the violence, the viciousness …

and suggests that an avalanche of absurd uses of the N-word could sweep away its “meaning” and its nastiness.

I wish life was that simple. Historically, the N-word was used freely and frequently by white people when speaking to or about black people. It was a nasty slur long before becoming something that bigots were shamed into avoiding when a microphone was on.

While the contention that an avalanche of absurd uses of a taboo word can bury it is seriously oversimplified as an antidote to the poison in the N-word, there is a lesson here. Now that some comedians cannot go half a minute w/o a gratuitous use of the F-word, the F-word has lost what little utility it had. Now it is just verbal clutter, no longer taboo (in some circles) but still offensive (to those who are offended by clutter).

An unexpected but appropriate word can be enlightening. Taboo words are unexpected in some contexts. Appropriateness is trickier. Should we opt for a polite way to say the same thing if we can find one that is readily understood? Mostly, yes. But neither [is not] nor [isn’t] would be an adequate replacement for [ain’t] in Yogi Berra’s Law.

Example 7.3: Paradox Lost

Inconsistencies and tautologies are also bad English, most of the time. But they are like flaky punctuation or taboo words. Used rarely in a few well-chosen places, these kinds of bad English can become good English, partly because they may give a little jolt to the reader who has become too complacent while cruising along with good English.

Whether by accident or design, Yogi Berra had a knack for using inconsistency and tautology (as well as [ain’t]) to make a point in a memorable way. Consider #36 in my favorite list of Yogi Berra quotes:

I never said most of the things I said.

The quote is flagrantly inconsistent. As a former wannabe mathematician, I normally loathe inconsistency. But here I feel an urge to interpolate instead, and I succeed:

I never said most of the things people think I said.

In its more general version, Yogi Berra’s Law is #3 on my favorite list. The law’s pronoun [It] has no referent (which is weird outside of weather talk); the taboo word [ain’t] is used; the whole thing is a tautology when taken literally. But even nerds like me do not take it literally. We feel an urge to reinterpret the first use of [over] and arrive at something like Gähnenschlafen’s Law. Instead of directly remembering the wisdom in all the details of Gähnenschlafen’s Law, we can remember Yogi Berra’s Law and adapt it to cope with whatever has just now hit the fan.

Many things that prigs say we should never do are actually things we should rarely do.

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Some of the many humorous quotes (mis)attributed to Yogi Berra are trenchant expressions of genuine wisdom, akin to Zen koans. (In his Washington Post obituary, the subtitle “American philosopher” is well-chosen.) One of his gems is so widely applicable and important that it deserves a special name. It is also so widely quoted that 2 versions are common, as indicated by {…|…} below:

Yogi Berra’s Law{The game|It} ain’t over til it’s over.

Yes, the original context was baseball. With 2 outs in the bottom of the 9-th inning, the home team may be trailing. Yogi rightly admonishes both the home team (to resist despair) and the visitors (to resist complacency). A lot can still happen with 2 outs in the bottom of the 9-th inning. I prefer the shorter version of the law because it is more explicit about the law’s generality. “It” could be almost anyhthing.

My current context for heeding Yogi Berra’s Law is the imminent inauguration of Donald Trump as POTUS. At best, this event marks the start of 4 long and nasty years in the US. At worst, this event might combine with trends elsewhere (in China, Europe, and Russia) to start a new Dark Age. Considering the worst case is prudent, not alarmist.

Mindless repetition of platitudes like

It can’t happen here.

Every cloud has a silver lining.

It is always darkest just before the dawn.

is no substitute for the eternal vigilance that Jefferson said is the price of liberty. (There are other prices.) I resist the complacency of those platitudes; I also resist despair and continue (in my own small way) to be a citizen rather than just a complainer.

In a late inning in the biggest game of my lifetime, the Enlightenment is trailing. That sucks. But 2+3 is still 5 and Yogi Berra’s Law is still true.