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This document summarizes EPA's response to public comments received on proposed new source performance standards for sulfur dioxide emissions from new coal- and oil-fired industrial-commercial-institutional steam generating units and particulate matter emissions from oil-fired units (51 FR 22384, June 19, 1986). Alternative SO2 control technologies and regulatory options are discussed in terms of SO2 emission reduction capability, costs of control, secondary environmental impacts, national impacts, industry-specific impacts, emerging technologies, and monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements. In addition, the impacts of allowing emission credits for cogeneration and mixed fuel-fired steam generating units are reviewed. This document is intended to serve as an overview of the analyses and regulatory alternatives considered during the standards development process.