This information is provided free of charge by the Department of Industrial Relations
from its web site at www.dir.ca.gov. These regulations are for the
convenience of the user and no representation or warranty is made that the information
is current or accurate. See full disclaimer at http://www.dir.ca.gov/od_pub/disclaimer.html.

ATF. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, United States Department
of Treasury.

Barricade--Artificial. An artificial mound or revetted wall of earth
of a minimum thickness of 3 feet at the top of the mound or acceptable equivalent.

Barricade--Natural. Natural features of the terrain such as hills,
or timber of sufficient density that the surrounding exposures which require
protection cannot be seen from the magazine when the trees are bare of leaves.

Barricaded. A building or structure containing explosives effectively
screened from another magazine, inhabited building, railway, highway or work
area either by a natural or by an artificial barricade of such height that a
straight line from the top of any sidewall of the building, or structure, containing
explosives to the eave line of any other magazine, inhabited building or a point
12 feet about the center of a railway, highway, or outside work area will pass
through such intervening natural or artificial barricade.

Binary Components. The combination of two non-explosive materials
to form an explosive material.

Blast Area. The area of a blast within the influence of flying fragments,
gases, and concussion.

Blast Site. The area where explosive materials are handled during
loading, including the perimeter of blast holes and 50 feet in all directions
from loaded holes or holes to be loaded.

Blaster, Licensed. Any competent person designated to supervise
blasting operations and in possession of a current blasters license issued by
the Division.

Blasting Accessories. Equipment used when loading and firing explosives.
It does not include explosive materials.

Blasting Agents. Any material or mixture consisting of a fuel and
oxidizer, intended for blasting and not otherwise classified as an explosive,
provided that the finished product, as mixed and packaged for shipment, cannot
be detonated by means of a No. 8. test blasting cap when unconfined.

Blasting Cap. See Detonator.

Blasting Circuit. A circuit used to initiate explosive materials.

Blasting Machine. An electrical device designed to fire electric
detonators.

Blasting Mat. A heavy mat of woven rope, steel wire, or chain, or
improvised from timber, logs, brush, or other materials placed over loaded holes
to minimize the amount of rock and other debris that might be thrown into the
air.

Blasting Operation. Includes, but is not limited to use, on-site
transportation and storage of commercial explosives, blasting agents, and other
materials used in blasting.

Blasting Shelter. A shelter for the protection of employees while
blasting.

Bullet Resistant. Magazine walls or doors of construction resistant
to penetration of a bullet of 150-grain M2 ball ammunition having a nominal
muzzle velocity of 2700 feet per second fired from a .30 caliber rifle from
a distance of 100 feet perpendicular to the wall or door.

Bus Wires. Wires in the blasting circuit to which the leg wires
of electric blasting caps are attached for parallel electric blasting.

Cap Crimper. A tool specially designed to securely crimp the metallic
shell of a fuse detonator or igniter cord connector to a section of inserted
safety fuse.

Capped Fuse. A length of safety fuse to which a blasting cap has
been attached.

Car. Wheeled conveyance for use on rails, whether hand trammed or
included in a train.

Competent Person. One who is capable of identifying existing and
predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary,
hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt
corrective measures to eliminate them.

Connecting Wires. Wires used to extend the leading (firing) line
or leg wires in an electric blasting circuit.

Coyote Hole. An underground tunnel-like chamber into which explosives
are placed for primary blasting.

Deflagration. A rapid chemical reaction in which the output of heat
is sufficient to enable the reaction to proceed and be accelerated without input
of heat from another source. Deflagration is a surface phenomenon with the reaction
products flowing away from the unreacted material along the surface at subsonic
velocity. The effect of a true deflagration under confinement is an explosion.
Confinement of the reaction increases pressure, temperature, and rate of reaction,
and may cause transition into a detonation.

Detonating Cord. A flexible cord containing a center core of high
explosives.

Detonation. An explosive reaction that moves through an explosive
material at a velocity greater than the speed of sound in the material.

Detonator. Any device containing an initiating or primary explosive
that is used for initiating detonation in another explosive material. Detonators
were formerly called blasting caps and include:

(A) Fuse caps or ordinary blasting caps which are initiated by safety fuse.

(B) Electric blasting caps which are initiated by means of an electric current.

(C) Electric delay blasting caps are electric detonators which introduce a predetermined
lapse of time between the application of electric current and the detonation
of the base charge in the detonator.

(D) Shock tube, gas initiation, or miniaturized detonating cord blasting caps
are detonators that are designed to be initiated by the signal, flame or detonation
impulse from shock tube, gas filled tubes, or miniaturized detonating cord.
Like electric blasting caps, they may incorporate a delay element to produce
a predetermined lapse of time between receipt of the energy signal and the firing
of the base charge in the detonator.

DOD. U. S. Department of Defense.

Electric Blasting Cap. See Detonator.

Electric Delay Blasting Caps. See Detonator.

Nonelectric Delay Blasting Cap. See Detonator.

Emulsion. An explosive material containing proportional amounts
of an oxidizer dissolved in water droplets surrounded by immiscible fuel or
droplets of an immiscible fuel surrounded by water containing substantial amounts
of oxidizer.

(5) Division 1.5 -- Very insensitive explosives which have a mass explosion
hazard but are so insensitive that there is little probability of initiation.
(Blasting Agents - ANFO, non cap-sensitive emulsions and water-gels, and packaged
ANFO products.)

(6) Division 1.6 - Extremely insensitive articles which do not have a mass explosion
hazard. (There currently are no commercial explosive products that fit this
classification.)

Explosives-Actuated Power Devices. Any tool or special mechanical
device which is actuated by explosives, but not to include propellant actuated
power devices. Examples of explosive actuated devices are jet perforators, shaped
charges and similar devices.

Face or Bank. The sides from the bottom or floor of a pit to the
surface surrounding the pit. Where one or more benches or levels are used in
a pit, each bench or level has a separate face.

Face -- Underground. That part of any adit, tunnel, stope, or raise
where excavating is progressing, or was last done.

Fireworks. (Also see pyrotechnic devices.) Any device
containing chemical elements and chemical compounds capable of burning independently
of the oxygen of the atmosphere and producing audible, visual, mechanical, or
thermal effects which are useful as pyrotechnic devices or for entertainment.
The term fireworks includes, but is not limited to, devices designated
by the manufacturer as fireworks, torpedoes, skyrockets, roman candles, rockets,
Daygo bombs, sparklers, party poppers, paper caps, chasers, fountains, smoke
spards, aerial bombs, and fireworks kits.

Forbidden or not Acceptable Explosives. Explosives which are forbidden
or not acceptable for transportation by common, contract or private carriers
by rail freight, rail express, highway or water in accordance with the regulations
of the U.S. Department of Transportation, 49 CFR Chapter I.

Note: Certain chemicals and certain fuel materials may have explosive characteristics
but are not within the coverage of 18 U.S.C., Chapter 40 and are not specifically
classified as explosives by the U.S. Department of Transportation. Authoritative
information should be obtained for such materials and action commensurate with
their hazards, location, isolation and safeguards, should be taken.

Fume Classification. As defined by the Institute of Makers of Explosives,
Publication No. 12, A classification indicating the amount of carbon monoxide
and hydrogen sulfide produced by an explosive or blasting agent. Explosives
with positive oxygen balances are not considered as being acceptable in these
classifications.

Fuse, Safety. A flexible cord containing an internal burning composition
by which fire is conveyed at a continuous uniform rate.

Highway. Any street, alley, or road, publicly or privately maintained
and open to use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel.

Igniter Cord. A small-diameter pyrotechnic cord that burns at a
uniform rate with an external flame and used to ignite a series of safety fuses.

Industrial Explosive Material. Shaped materials and sheet forms
and various other extrusions, pellets, and packages of high explosive which
include dynamites, trinitrotoluene (TNT); pentaerythritoltetranitrate (PETN);
and other similar compounds used for high energy rate forming, expanding, and
shaping in metal fabrication and for disassembly and quick reduction to scrap
metal.

Inhabited Building. A building regularly occupied in whole or part
as a habitation for human beings, or any church, schoolhouse, railroad station,
store, or other structure where people are accustomed to assemble, except any
building or structure occupied in connection with the manufacture, transportation,
storage or use of explosive materials.

Intraline Distance. The minimum distance permitted between any two
buildings within one operating line. Intraline distances are also used for separating
certain specified areas, buildings, and locations even though actual line operations
are not involved. Intraline distance separation is expected to protect explosive
materials in buildings from propagation detonation due to blast effects, but
not against the possibility of propagation detonation due to fragments. Buildings
separated by intraline distances will probably suffer substantial structural
damage.

Intraline Operations. Those operations accomplished within one operating
line.

Leading Wires. The wire(s) connecting the electrical power source
to the blasting circuit.

Loading Hose. The hose through which an explosive or blasting agent
is blown or forced.

Loading Line. The loading hose, loading tube and all fittings and
connections from the loader to the discharge end of the loading tube.

Loading Tube. The rigid or semi-rigid static dissipating tube in
the loading line.

Magazine. Any building or structure, other than an explosive manufacturing
building, used for storage of explosive materials.

(A) Type 1 Magazines. Permanent magazines for storage of high explosive materials.
Other classes of explosive materials may also be stored in Type 1 magazines.

(B) Type 2 Magazines. Mobile and portable indoor and outdoor magazines for the
storage of high explosive materials. Other classes of explosive materials may
also be stored in Type 2 magazines.

(C) Type 3 Magazines. Portable outdoor magazines for the temporary storage of
high explosive materials while attended (for example, a day box).
Other classes of explosive materials may also be stored in Type 3 magazines.

(D) Type 4 Magazines. Magazines for the storage of low explosive materials.
Blasting agents may be stored in Type 4 magazines. Detonators that will not
mass detonate may also be stored in Type 4 magazines.

(E) Type 5 Magazines. Magazines for the storage of blasting agents.

Misfire. An explosive charge which partly or completely failed to
explode as planned.

Missed Hole. An explosive loaded hole or any portion thereof containing
an explosive charge that failed to explode.

Motor Vehicle. Any self-propelled vehicle, truck, tractor, semitrailer,
or trailer used for the transportation of freight over public highways.

Mudcapping. Blasting by placing a quantity of explosives with detonator
on or against the object to be blasted. This is also known as bulldozing, adobying,
or plaster shooting.

NFPA. National Fire Protection Association.

Operating Building. A building in which any processing of explosive
materials is conducted.

Operating Line. A group of separated operating buildings of specific
arrangement, used in the assembly, modification, reconditioning, renovation,
maintenance, inspection, surveillance, testing or manufacturing of explosives.

Operating Line Separation. The required safe distance separating
two or more operating lines.

Permanent Blasting (Leading) Wires. Those wires between the firing
switch and auxiliary switch, including sections between auxiliary switches,
for use in blasting where the power source is an electric circuit.

Permissible. A machine, material, apparatus, or device which has
been investigated, tested, and approved by the Mine Safety and Health Administration,
and is maintained in accordance with the requirements of the approving agency.

Primary Blasting. Blasting used to fragment and displace material
from its original position to facilitate subsequent handling and crushing.

Primer. A cartridge or container of explosives into which a detonator
is inserted or attached to the main charge.

Processing. A series of actions or operations involved in the manufacturing
of explosive materials, including the manufacture of explosives, the assembly,
loading, disassembly, modification, reconditioning, renovation, maintenance,
inspection, surveillance, shipping, receiving, or testing of explosive materials
and the packaging and repackaging of explosive materials for wholesale distribution.

Propagation (Sympathetic Detonation). The detonation of explosive
charges by an impulse received from adjacent or nearby explosive charges.

Propellant (Solid). Explosives compositions used for propelling
projectiles and rockets and to generate gases for powering auxiliary devices.

Propellant-Actuated Power Devices. Any tool or special mechanical
device or gas generator system which is actuated by a propellant, or which releases
and directs work through propellant charge.

Pyrotechnic Devices. Any combination of materials, including pyrotechnic
compositions, which, by the agency of fire, produce an audible, visual, mechanical
or thermal effect designed and intended to be useful for industrial, agricultural,
personal safety, or educational purposes. The term pyrotechnic device
includes, but is not limited to, agricultural and wildlife fireworks, model
rockets, exempt fireworks, emergency signaling devices, and special effects.

Remote Operation. Where operating personnel are protected by substantial
walls designed to safely withstand the anticipated overpressure should a incident
occur.

Safety (Blast) Shield. A barrier constructed at a particular location,
or around a particular operation to protect personnel, material or equipment
from the effects of a possible fire or explosion.

Safety Fuse. See Fuse, Safety.

Secondary Blasting. Blasting to reduce the size of boulders resulting
from a primary blast.

Sensitizer. Any additive, active or inert, which added to a chemical
compound or mixture causes that compound or mixture to become more sensitive
to initiation.

Special Effects. Articles containing any pyrotechnic composition
manufactured and assembled, designed, or discharged in connection with television,
theater, or motion picture productions, which may or may not be presented before
live audiences and any other articles containing any pyrotechnic composition
used for commercial, industrial, education, recreation, or entertainment purposes
when authorized by the authority having jurisdiction.

Springing. The creation of a pocket at the bottom of a bore hole
by the use of a moderate quantity of explosives.

Squib-Electric. A firing device that burns with a flash.

Static Dissipating. Sufficiently conductive to dissipate charges
of static electricity but possessing enough electrical resistance to be nonconductive
to ordinary stray electrical currents. The electrical characteristics shall
be uniform and for hose or tubes shall have a resistance of not less than 5,000
ohms per foot nor more than 30,000 ohms per foot and not more than 2 megohms
over its entire length.

Stemming Material. Inert material placed in a borehole after the
explosive. Used for the purpose of confining explosive materials or to separate
charges of explosive materials in the same borehole.

Trackless Vehicle. A type of vehicle that does not run on rails.

Train. A car or cars moved by mechanical or other power.

Underground. Work locations in mines, tunnels or similar subterranean
excavations.