LONDON—HSBC Holdings PLC’s management will make a decision on whether to quit the U.K. by the end of the year, the bank’s chief executive officer said.

The lender, which makes the vast majority of its profit outside the U.K., said that it is reviewing whether to move its headquarters away from London in the face of increased taxation and restrictions on the size of the bonuses it can pay its employees. HSBC CEO Stuart Gulliver said that the executive committee would report back to the bank’s board by the end of the year....