Project tracks low-income kids’ exposure to words

Share via e-mail

Social worker Stephanie Taveras (left) read a book with Ashley Cox and Cox’s son Jaiden at the family’s Providence home.

By David Klepper
Associated Press
February 10, 2014

PROVIDENCE — Six-month-old Jaiven James does not even notice the pager-size recorder that fits snugly into the pocket of his shirt, recording every gurgle, every cry, every word he hears.

The Providence boy is an early participant in a city project that aims to boost the language skills of low-income children by using recorders to count the words to which they are exposed. Studies show poorer children enter school having heard millions of fewer words than more affluent children, a disadvantage that can limit future educational success and occupational chances.

‘‘We want to close that gap, and the best way to do it is by training parents from Day One,’’ said Stephanie Taveras, a social worker who is coaching Jaiven’s mother, Ashley Cox, on ways to boost her children’s language skills.

The project, called Providence Talks, beat out proposals from more than 300 cities last year to win a $5 million prize offered by Michael Bloomberg. The voluntary program began last month with 75 families and hopes to serve 2,000 families by mid-2016.

The initiative targets what early childhood development experts call the word gap, a problem that takes a lasting economic and educational toll on America’s poor. A landmark 1995 study found that children in families receiving welfare hear fewer than one-third as many words per hour as their more affluent peers, and they reach age 4 having heard 32 million fewer words than children from wealthier families. Students who begin school with this disadvantage are less likely to succeed academically or professionally later.

It is a problem with long-term implications for Rhode Island’s capital city, where one-third of children live in poverty and two-thirds of kindergartners enter school already behind on national school readiness benchmarks.

Mayor Angel Taveras, who is not related to the social worker, said he wants Providence to prove the word gap can be bridged by giving parents just a little help.

The recorder acts as a language pedometer, counting the number of words and conversations throughout the day and distinguishing between young and adult voices and electronic noises like radio and television. Data from the device can show how often a parent interacts with a child and how often the television is on.

Parents of participating children are advised to record an entire day’s worth of audio every few weeks. A social worker picks up the device from the home and uploads the data to a computer. The social worker then returns to review the results with parents and offer suggestions for how they can better engage their children.

‘‘The science is solid: Children who hear more language — not just more, but richer language that’s relevant, that’s positive — are associated with better outcomes,’’ said Stanford University psychology professor Anne Fernald, who has used the device in her research and who is a scientific adviser to Providence Talks. ‘‘Talking to children really matters.’’

Jaiven James’s older brother Jaiden has been participating in Providence Talks for a few weeks and is seeing progress. The number of words the 16-month-old heard jumped by a few thousand from the day of his first recording to his second.

‘‘I was expecting it to go up, but I’m very happy,’’ said their mother, Ashley Cox, 25. She said that since enrolling in Providence Talks, she has started reading to her children more, engaging them in more conversations, and limiting the time the television is on.

City officials insist data from the devices will be kept confidential. Still, the idea of city officials strapping recording devices to toddlers attracted the interest of the state American Civil Liberties Union chapter.

ACLU policy associate Hillary Davis said her organization looked into who would have access to the records and how the privacy of families — or guests who happen to stop by when a recording is underway — would be protected.

BostonGlobe.com complimentary digital access has been provided to you, without a subscription, for free starting today and ending in 14 days. After the free trial period, your free BostonGlobe.com digital access will stop immediately unless you sign up for BostonGlobe.com digital subscription. Current print and digital subscribers are not eligible for the free trial.

Thanks & Welcome to Globe.com

You now have unlimited access for the next two weeks.

BostonGlobe.com complimentary digital access has been provided to you, without a subscription, for free starting today and ending in 14 days. After the free trial period, your free BostonGlobe.com digital access will stop immediately unless you sign up for BostonGlobe.com digital subscription. Current print and digital subscribers are not eligible for the free trial.