Outlet centers, which feature stores owned and operated by the manufacturer, is a centuries-old concept.

In the mid- to late 1800s, apparel and shoe mill stores on the Eastern seaboard offered overruns and damaged merchandise to employees, Prime Retail says.

Eventually, these stores were opened to consumers, paving the way for factory-direct stores.

The industry expanded during the 1970s and 1980s, due in part to the energy crisis, falling discretionary income and more awareness of designer labels.

The industry shifted as outlet centers, which generally opened 25 to 40 miles from “civilization,” had communities crop up around them, Rowland said.

Outlet stores became the local mall, moving it into the legitimate ranks of fashion and retail.

As outlet stores became profit centers, some manufacturers began to create a separate, value-conscious line for its outlet stores, while others focused on excess merchandise from previous seasons.

Irregular goods, however, continued to shrink as a percentage of items sold in stores — it represents less than 15 percent of all outlet goods, Prime Retail says.

Seattle-based retail experts Richard Outcalt and Patricia Johnson said they see a further shift: the opening of new outlet malls adjacent to casinos.

“Increasingly, outlet shopping and casino gambling are today’s entertainment for a large segment of our population,” Johnson said.

In Washington, Seattle Premium Outlets will join six other outlet centers.

Michele Rothstein, Chelsea Property Group’s vice president of marketing, says the company expects the new center to draw from a larger radius than a traditional mall and to draw tourists who shop at its outlets in places such as Orlando, Fla., and Las Vegas.

“They want the brands; they want the savings; and they want to shop in a nice setting that isn’t a sacrifice,” she said.