SOURCE : Derived from IMF, International Financial Statistics; World Bank, Global Development Finance

Capital flight

Current-account balance with the sign reversed plus the change in international reserves, minus the change in total external debt stock (not adjusted for the effects of cross-currency valuation changes), minus net direct investment.

Inward portfolio investment (net of fc bonds)

Non-residents' investment in the domestic economy in financial securities of any maturity, such as corporate securities, notes, money market instruments and financial derivatives (excluding foreign currency bonds). Derived from line 78bgd in IFS.