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Climate consequences of energy system transitions What the climate effects be of specific energy system transitions, taking into account energy-system life-cycle analysis data? Nathan Myhrvold, lead co-conspirator

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If added alkalinity was taken up by reef, we should have seen a decrease in alkalinity-to-dye ratio as water flowed over reef. We did not detect any increase in calcification as a result of alkalinity addition. Time scale of response?

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Ken Caldeira Dept. of Global Ecology Carnegie Institution for Science Stanford CA 94305 USA kcaldeira@carnegiescience.edu Post-doc positions available for brilliant, creative, and productive scientists who have recently completed or will soon complete their PhD. If you fit this category and the kind of stuff in this talk interests you, please email your CV to me with “post-doc application” in the header line.

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Probability of 2080-2100 summer being hotter than hottest on record

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Maize yield in a high-CO 2 world without and with deflection of sunlight Benefit of CO2- fertilization without the costs of higher temperatures Pongratz et al 2012

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From Pongratz, Lobell, Cao &-Caldeira, Nature Climate Change, 2012. Crop yields in a high-CO 2 world without and with deflection of sunlight Benefit of CO2-fertilization without the costs of higher temperatures

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92 From Pongratz, Lobell, Cao &-Caldeira, Nature Climate Change, 2012. Crop yields in a high-CO2 world without and with deflection of sunlight

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93 Crop yields in a high-CO2 world without and with deflection of sunlight Pongratz et al 2012