Tuesday, June 19, 2012

When I try to explain to book industry people why ebooks can and should be free, I often get a look that says "What planet are you from?" In contrast, many of my software developer friends take it as dogma that ebooks should not only be free, but also "Free". And so I seem to spend a lot of time explaining one point of view to the other.

What we're trying to do with unglue.it is to skip over the theory, and just show everyone that it works.

First, an explanation for the 99% of real people who haven't encountered the Free vs. free distinction. An ebook that's Free means more than just not having to pay for the ebook, it means that the ebook is not locked up in any way. You can do things with it without needing permission. Copy it, distribute it, convert it, print it, slice it and dice it. Extract it, analyze it, translate it compute it, archive it. In the software world, that's the essence of Free Open Source Software (FOSS). But the 99% just wants to read the book. So why should it bother with Free?

The book that is on the brink of having a successful ungluing campaign at Unglue.it, Oral Literature in Africa, has a Free license proposed for it, CC BY (Creative Commons Attribution). We can't be certain how much the Free license has been responsible for the success of the campaign (you HAVE pledged, haven't you?), but it certainly adds to the appeal. A successful conclusion to the campaign will do more than just let people read the book. It will allow scholars of African culture to add to the book, to use chapters as course material, to use large excerpts in their own work, to make corrections and translations. And the media handling capabilities of new ebook formats will allow the addition of audio to a work about material that deserves to be audible.

What frustrates me, though, is how difficult it is to actually do all the things that you would want to do with a not-locked-up ebook, even the things that don't require it to be Free. Something as simple as correcting a typo is hard for 99.9% of the public. It shouldn't be that way. There should be tools that make this easy. If I want to add my voice into Oral Literature in Africa, there should be an application that allows me to click and speak.

The software world has developed a wealth of tools that allow distributed teams of developers to work together on free software. Source control systems help to track and manage changes in software. We need the same sort of tools that work for books. Wikis do part of the job, but we need more.

So as a first step, I'm putting the short book I've written using this blog, Open Access eBooks, on GitHub, the service we use to track and manage the software behind Unglue.it. All the book's source code is there, mistakes and all. Its CC BY license allows you to take it, branch it, fix it, translate or modify it, redesign and recode it, whatever. You can send me a pull request if you want to merge your changes with my branch. Maybe you want to update the references or add a chapter. Maybe you want to embed metadata or improve accessibility. Maybe you want to fuse it with Moby Dick for some bizarre art project. Whatever. The future of books is all of ours to create.

Notes

Other factors contributing to the imminent success of the Oral Literature in Africa Campaign have been its academic nature, its modest ungluing fee, and its inherent coolness. What, you haven't contributed yet?

Among the Creative Commons Licenses usable at Unglue.it, CC BY and CC BY-SA are considered by Free Culture advocates to be "Free". The Public Domain Dedication (CC0) is not a license, but is another way to make a work "Free". The SA (Share Alike) restriction is a form of "copyleft" which requires derivative works to be similarly made available.

Other CC licenses may add conditions including NC (Non-Commercial) and ND (No Derivatives).

Wikipedia is a good example of a site that won't allow posting of NC or ND licensed content.

The license used for an unglue.it campaign is specified by the rightsholder who may be constrained by publishing contracts and byzantine international licensing regimes.

I was disappointed by the lack of good tools to create ebooks. I did everything by hand and was surprised at the mess of shifting standards, conflicting ereader implementations and insular documentation.

Whenever I encounter a roadblock in python or django, Google sends me to StackOverflow for the answer. With ebook production, I always end up at MobileRead, ThreePress or Liz Castro's blog. These are wonderful resources, but they're not StackOverflow.

Tuesday, June 12, 2012

I've been very busy with unglue.it and I'm working on something I'll soon share here. We're thrilled that the unglue.it campaign for Ruth Finnegan's Oral Literature in Africa is at 53% but there are just 9 days to go, so if you haven't yet casted your vote for crowd-funded Creative Commons ebook relicensing, now is the time you most do so.

Since early this year, I've been serving on ALA’s Digital Content and Libraries Working Group (DCWG) commisioned by American Library Association (ALA) President Molly Raphael. Our role has been to advise the ALA leadership about the changes in libraries and publishing associated with the transition to digital content, and we've worked to articulate the concerns of libraries in ways that can be acted upon by the entire digital content ecosystem.

Later this month, I'll be speaking on a panel organized by DCWG at the ALA Annual Meeting in Anaheim.

Access to Digital Content: Diverse ApproachesSunday, June 24, 1:30–3:30 p.m., Anaheim Hilton, California B2012 ALA Annual Conference
As digital content continues to grow in diversity and importance, libraries must make use of multiple strategies to support access for their users. ALA’s Digital Content and Libraries Working Group has been exploring issues of business models, advocacy, education, accessibility, privacy, and libraries as providers of content. But innovative approaches to making digital content available are taking place in many arenas.
Come hear about the latest developments, including an update from Working Group co-chairs Sari Feldman (Cuyahoga County Public Library) and Robert Wolven (Columbia University). Leaders and innovators from the library community will discuss some other major initiatives and developments related to digital content: Peter Brantley (Internet Archive), Maura Marx (Digital Public Library of America), and Eric Hellman (Unglue.it). Lee Rainie will offer some perspectives based on his work with the Pew Research Center’s Internet and American Life Project, and Robert Wolven will offer final remarks to set the stage for the question and answer period.
Copies of the new American Libraries publication “E-Content: The Digital Dialogue” will be available.

Also, Unglue.it is going to have a table at the exhibits. You can meet me, Andromeda and/or Amanda in person. We'll be in the "small press and new exhibitors" section, which is usually in the far reaches of the exhibit hall, but there will be unglue.it bookmarks and stickers as your reward if you can find us.