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urine testing

"Drug and alcohol screening tests remain a prominent part of the background check process, with 63% of responding organizations conducting this type of screening. That rate has remained relatively consistent over the last 10 years, except for an uptick in testing in 2012 and 2013 (78%)."

According to HireRight's 2018 survey, 51% of companies that responded said that they used an electronic Chain of Custody (eCOC) form; 42% said that they do not and had not plan to do so; and 7% said that they do not but plan to do so in the future.

"The positivity rate in urine testing for cocaine increased for the fourth consecutive year in the general U.S. workforce and for the second consecutive year in the federally-mandated, safety-sensitive workforce. Cocaine positivity increased 12 percent in 2016, reaching a seven-year high of 0.28 percent, compared to 0.25 percent in 2015 in the general U.S. workforce, and seven percent among federally-mandated, safety-sensitive workers to 0.28 percent, compared to 0.26 percent in 2015."

"Marijuana positivity continued its upward climb in both the federally-mandated, safety-sensitive and general U.S. workforces. In oral fluid testing, which detects recent drug use, marijuana positivity increased nearly 75 percent, from 5.1 percent in 2013 to 8.9 percent in 2016 in the general U.S. workforce. Marijuana positivity also increased in both urine testing (2.4% in 2015 versus 2.5% in 2016) and hair testing (7.0% in 2015 versus 7.3% in 2016) in the same population.