This research was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Mental Health (1 R01 HH55052 and 1 R01 MH 60838) to Nancy Eisenberg and Richard Fabes and a Research Scientist Award from the National Institute of Mental Health (K05 M801321) to Nancy Eisenberg. The authors wish to thank the many students who assisted in this study, the parents and children involved, the principals and teachers in the Tempe, Kyrene, Mesa, Scottsdale, Gilbert, Chandler, Phoenix, Peoria, and Washington School Districts (and other districts with few teachers), especially the numerous teachers at Fuller, Hudson, Meyer, and Rover schools. The authors would also like to thank Stephanie Shepard for her assistance in the data collection.