Yenisei
There are 106 enisei inscriptions found in Khakasiya, Tuva, Altai, Krasnoyarsk, near Lena, Yenisei, Abakan, Kemchik, Kem, Oiya, Elegest and other places.

The written monuments concentrated along coast of the river Yenisei are named "Yenisei inscriptions".

These monuments of past are found in Khakassia, Tuva, Mountain Altai, Krasnoyarsk, along the rivers Lena, Yenisei, Abakan, Kemchik, Kem, Oya, Elegest, etc. Total number is more that 158.

Scientists have determined, that majority of the Yenisei inscriptions from the chronological point of view correspond VIII-X centuries. Old Turkic writings are put on deer-stones, or on specially polished sandy stones, slate stones, granites, etc., on rocks besides there are cases of writings on gold, silver, metal utensils, mirrors, coins, etc. things.

Now these inscriptions basically are in museums and storehouses of Minusinsk, Kyzyl, Abakan, Krasnoyarsk and St.-Petersburg, Helsinki, Moscow.

The monuments are very seldom remained on places of detection. The first messages on the Yenisei inscriptions had declared in XVII-XVIII centuries. Their publication, researches, archeological excavations have been undertaken starting from XIX century. Huge amount investigations are published on archeological, historical and linguistic researches, translations of texts, studying of grammar features, dictionaries.

The Yenisei inscriptions do not strongly differ from Orhon, Talas, and other old-turk inscriptions by under sign-graphic or language characteristics. Ethno names Turk, Turgeš, Kyrgyz, Ač, Čik, Tolberi, etc. are met in these inscriptions. The Yenisei inscriptions belong to the Turkic world, old Turk states, namely times of "the Kirghiz state" on historical aspect. The largest Yenisei written monument contains about 400 signs. Meanings of texts are different, but basically epitaphic texts prevail. On epitaphic text, firstly the name of a person is mentioned, then his biography and his heroic campaigns is briefly brought, and in the end it is mourned that he couldn’t stay (died) with relatives.

Monuments carry names of districts, the rivers and lakes near which they have been found out and also designated by letter Е and a number: Е-1, Е-50, Е-150.... For example: Uyk-Tarlaq (Е-1), Baryq I (Е-5), Baryq II (Е-6), Elegest (Е-10), Begre (Е-11), Uibat I (Е-30), etc.