Dispute over Spokeo.com Internet profile errors splits high court

WASHINGTON — No one at the Supreme Court on Monday disputed the fact that an online profile of Thomas Robins was riddled with false and misleading information.

The profile of the Virginia resident compiled by Internet search site Spokeo.com said Robins had a graduate degree, a good job and was married with children. In fact, Robins had no advanced degree and was unemployed, with no wife or children.

But the justices appeared sharply divided along ideological lines over whether Robins can sue the company for a technical violation of the Fair Credit Reporting Act, even if the mistakes didn’t cause him any specific harm such as a lost job opportunity or denial of credit.

The case pits business groups concerned about exposure to costly litigation against consumer protection advocates who say such lawsuits are the only way to hold companies accountable for mistakes.

Robins is pursuing a class-action case against Spokeo on behalf of thousands of plaintiffs, which could lead to damages in the billions of dollars.

Liberal justices seemed to side with Robins’ view that being falsely portrayed is enough to show harm. But conservatives insisted the law required Robins to show how he was injured.

“Seems like a concrete injury to me,” Justice Elena Kagan said of the mistakes. “If somebody did it to me, I’d feel harmed.”

Kagan said that Congress passed the fair credit law in the first place because lawmakers were concerned about people being injured by the dissemination of false information.

“People get these reports and you don’t know what they are doing with these reports,” she said.

“I will tell you that I know plenty of single people who look at whether someone who’s proposed to date is married or not,” she said. “So if you’re not married and there’s a report out there saying you are, that’s a potential injury.”

Spokeo lawyer Andrew Pincus argued that Robins’ claims are too speculative and not the kind of “tangible” injury to economic or property rights that Congress intended when it passed the fair credit law.

The law was designed to keep companies from compiling inaccurate information that could jeopardize a person’s ability to get loans or find work. Violators can face damages of $1,000 per violation, but that can climb into the millions in class action cases.

Justice Antonin Scalia said Congress was not focused on faulty information itself, but on the failure of credit reporting agencies to follow proper procedures in collecting and reporting data.

“In fact, Congress has not identified misinformation as a suable harm,” Scalia said.

The case is being closely watched by Facebook, Twitter and other technology firms concerned about class action lawsuits that would open them up to billions of dollars of damages.