Patent application title: METHODS FOR INHIBITING COLOR FADING IN HAIR

Abstract:

The disclosure relates to compositions and methods of using the
compositions to inhibit color fading in hair. The compositions provide a
water resistant and non-transferable protective barrier on the substrate
that inhibits color fading in both dye and naturally colored hair. The
compositions contain at least one polyamine, at least one acid, at least
one water-insoluble ingredient, solvent and optionally at least one
auxiliary ingredient. The methods for inhibiting color fading in hair
involve contacting the hair with the compositions of the disclosure.

Claims:

1. A method for inhibiting color fading in hair comprising applying a
composition to hair wherein the composition comprises(a) at least one
polyamine,(b) at least one acid,(c) at least one water-insoluble
ingredient and(d) solvent,wherein the molar ratio of the amine groups in
the at least one polyamine to the acid groups in the at least one acid is
from about 1:0.5 to about 1:30 and wherein a mixture of components (a),
(b), (c) and (d) form a mixture that has a contact angle of at least
about 66 degrees on glass.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition further
comprises at least one auxiliary ingredient (e) wherein the at least one
auxiliary ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an amino
acid, a protein, a cationic conditioner, a cationic polymer, a anionic
surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a
zwitterionic surfactant, a viscosity modifier, an organosiloxane polymer,
a wax, a silicone resin, a pigment, a powder, a preservative, an
antioxidant, a vitamin, an alpha hydroxy acid, a beta hydroxy acid, an
alpha ketoacid, an antibacterial agent, a sunscreen, a preservative, a pH
adjusting agent, a bleaching agent, a perfume, a sequestering agent, an
anti-dandruff agent and mixtures thereof.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one polyamine
(a) is selected from the group consisting of a polyethyleneimine, a
polyvinylamine, an aminated polysaccharide, an amine substituted
polyalkylene glycol, an amine substituted polyacarylate crosspolymer, an
amine substituted polyacrylate, an amine substituted polymethacrylate, a
protein, an amine substituted polyester, a polyamino acid, an
amodimethicone, a polyalkylamine, diethylene triamine,
triethylenetetramine, spermidine, spermine, aminosilicone and mixtures
thereof.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one polyamine
(a) is selected from the group consisting of a polyethyleneimine, a
polyvinylamine, chitosan, polylysine, polyacrylate-cross-polymer and
mixtures thereof.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one acid (b) is
selected from the group consisting of a fatty carboxylic acid, a fatty
ether carboxylic acid, a fatty ether phosphoric acid, a fatty phosphoric
acid and mixtures thereof.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one acid (b) is
a monoacid or a polyacid.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one
water-insoluble ingredient (c) is selected from the group consisting of
an oil, a fatty ester, a hydrocarbon oil, a silicone, a wax, a fatty
acid, a fatty alcohol and mixtures thereof.

20. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the at least one auxiliary
ingredient is a hair shampoo.

21. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the at least one auxiliary
ingredient is a hair dye.

Description:

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001]The disclosure relates to compositions and methods for inhibiting
color fading in hair. The compositions and methods provide a water
resistant and non-transferable protective barrier on hair that inhibits
color fading in both dyed and naturally colored hair.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0002]The disclosure relates to compositions and methods for inhibiting
color fading in hair. Both naturally and artificially colored (dyed) hair
can lose its color over time. The loss in color is a result of fading due
to environmental conditions such as high and low humidity and sunlight.
For dyed hair, color can be lost from handling, everyday activities and
washing. A barrier applied to the hair would be useful in protecting the
hair from fading. Such a barrier would be useful in minimizing dye loss
from dyed hair. Such a barrier should be water-resistant so that the hair
maintains the protective barrier under everyday conditions such as
washing. In addition, the barrier should not be easily transferred from
the hair over time through normal activities. Accordingly, a product that
provides a protective barrier on hair that is water-resistant and
non-transferable would be useful in inhibiting color fading in hair.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0003]The disclosure relates to compositions and methods of using the
compositions to inhibit color fading in hair. The disclosed compositions
provide a water resistant and non-transferable protective barrier on the
hair that inhibits color fading in hair. The method involves applying the
composition to the hair. The composition contains at least one polyamine
(a), at least one acid (b), at least one water-insoluble ingredient (c),
solvent (d) and optionally at least one auxiliary ingredient (e). The
method for inhibiting color fading in hair involves contacting the hair
with the compositions of the disclosure. The method involves inhibiting
color fading in both dyed and naturally colored hair.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0004]The term "comprising" (and its grammatical variations) as used
herein is used in the inclusive sense of "having" or "including" and not
in the exclusive sense of "consisting only of". The terms "a" and "the"
as used herein are understood to encompass the plural as well as the
singular.

[0005]Other than in the operating examples, or where otherwise indicated,
all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients and/or reaction
conditions are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the
term "about".

[0006]The term "water-insoluble" means those compounds which are either
completely or partially insoluble in water.

[0007]"At least one" as used herein means one or more and thus includes
individual components as well as mixtures/combinations.

[0009]The at least one polyamine (a) of the disclosure comprises at least
two amino groups and typically comprises at least five amino groups and
more typically comprises at least ten amino groups.

[0010]The at least one acid (b) comprises at least one acid group. The at
least one acid (b) may also comprise 2 or more acid groups (a polyacid).

[0011]Amino groups include primary amino groups, secondary amino groups
and tertiary amino groups and further includes amino groups which are
terminal, pendant and intercalated in a skeleton of the at least one
polyamine compound.

[0012]In an embodiment of the disclosure a composition for inhibiting
color fading in hair comprises:

[0013](a) at least one polyamine,

[0014](b) at least one acid,

[0015](c) at least one water-insoluble ingredient

[0016](d) solvent and

[0017](e) optionally at least one auxiliary ingredient

wherein the ratio of the amine number of the at least one polyamine to the
acid number of the at least one acid is from about 1:0.5 to about 1:30
and wherein a mixture of components (a), (b), (c), and (d) form a mixture
that has a contact angle of at least about 66 degrees on glass.
Typically, the ratio of the amine number to the acid number is from about
1:0.8 to about 1:20 and more typically from about 1:0.9 to about 1:15 and
even more typically from about 1:1 to about 1:10.

[0018]One embodiment of the disclosure involves treating both dyed and
naturally colored hair with the disclosed composition to inhibit color
fading in the dyed and naturally colored hair.

[0019]Another embodiment of the disclosure involves treating hair
simultaneously with a hair dye and the disclosed composition.

[0020]Yet another embodiment of the disclosure involves dying the hair
first then applying the disclosed composition to the dyed hair.

[0021]The at least one polyamine (a) may, for example, be chosen from a
polyethyleneimine, a polyvinylamine, an aminated polysaccharide, an amine
substituted polyalkylene glycol, an amine substituted polyacrylate
crosspolymer, an amine substituted polyacrylate, an amine substituted
polymethacrylate, an aminosilicone, a protein, an amine substituted
polyester, a polyamino acid, an amodimethicone, a polyalkylamine,
diethylene triamine, triethylenetetramine, spermidine, spermine and
mixtures thereof

[0022]Non-limiting examples of polyethyleneimine include Lupasol®
products commercially available from BASF. Suitable examples of
Lupasol® polyethyleneimines include Lupasol® PS, Lupasol® PL,
Lupasol® PR8515, Lupasol® G20, Lupasol® G35 as well as
Lupasol® SC Polyethyleneimine Reaction Products (such as Lupasol®
SC-61B, Lupasol® SC-62J, and Lupasol® SC-86X). Other non-limiting
examples of polyethyleneimines which may be used in the composition
according to the present invention are the Epomin® products
commercially available from Aceto. Suitable examples of Epomin®
polyethyleneimines include Epomin® SP-006, Epomin® SP-012,
Epomin® SP-018, and Epomin® P-1000. These examples include
substituted polyethyleneimines.

[0026]In another embodiment, the at least one polyamine compound is chosen
from proteins and protein derivatives. Non-limiting examples of suitable
proteins and protein derivatives for use in the present invention include
those listed at pages 1701 to 1703 of the C.T.F.A. International Cosmetic
Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 8th edition, vol. 2, (2000)
(incorporated herein by reference). In one embodiment, the at least one
polyamine compound is chosen from wheat protein, soy protein, oat
protein, collagen, and keratin protein.

[0027]In another embodiment, the at least one polyamine compound is chosen
from compounds comprising lysine, compounds comprising arginine,
compounds comprising histidine, and compounds comprising hydroxylysine.
Not limiting examples include chitosan polyarginine and polylysine.

[0029]In the present disclosure, the at least one polyamine is used in a
positive amount up to about 30% by weight, more typically a positive
amount up to about 10% by weight, and most typically a positive amount up
to about 5% by weight, based on the weight of the composition as a whole.
In some embodiments the at least one polyamine ranges from about 0.1% to
about 30% by weight based on the weight of the composition. In other
embodiments the at least one polyamine ranges from about 0.1 wt % to
about 10 wt %, based on the weight of the composition as a whole and in
further embodiments the range is from about 0.1 wt % to about 5 wt %.

[0030]The at least one acid (b) of the composition may, for example, be
chosen from a fatty carboxylic acid, a fatty ether carboxylic acid, a
fatty ether phosphoric acid, a fatty phosphoric acid and mixtures thereof
The at least one acid (b) may contain one or 2 or more acid groups (a
polyacid).

[0031]Non-limiting examples of fatty carboxylic acids includes fatty acids
having from about 6 to about 40 carbon atoms corresponding formula (I)

RCOOH (I)

wherein:

[0032]R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 6 to about 40
carbon atoms. In addition, R is linear or branched, acyclic or cyclic,
saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic, substituted or
unsubstituted. Typically, R is a linear or branched, acyclic C6-40
alkyl or alkenyl group or a C1-40 alkyl phenyl group, more typically
a C8-22 alkyl or alkenyl group or a C4-18 alkyl phenyl group,
and even more typically a C12-18 alkyl group or alkenyl group or a
C6-16 alkyl phenyl group.

wherein: [0036]R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 6 to about
40 carbon atoms; [0037]u, v and w, independently of one another,
represent numbers of from 0 to 60; [0038]x, y and z, independently of one
another, represent numbers of from 0 to 13; [0039]R' represents hydrogen,
alkyl, and [0040]the sum of x+y+z is ≧0;

[0041]Ether carboxylic acids corresponding to formula (II) can be obtained
by alkoxylation of alcohols ROH with ethylene oxide as the sole alkoxide
or with several alkoxides and subsequent oxidation. The numbers u, v, and
w each represent the degree of alkoxylation. Whereas, on a molecular
level, the numbers u, v and w and the total degree of alkoxylation can
only be integers, including zero, on a macroscopic level they are mean
values in the form of broken numbers.

[0042]In formula (II), R is linear or branched, acyclic or cyclic,
saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic, substituted or
unsubstituted. Typically, R is a linear or branched, acyclic C6-40
alkyl or alkenyl group or a C1-40 alkyl phenyl group, more typically
a C8-22 alkyl or alkenyl group or a C4-18 alkyl phenyl group,
and even more typically a C12-18 alkyl group or alkenyl group or a
C6-16 alkyl phenyl group; u, v, w, independently of one another, is
typically a number from 2 to 20, more typically a number from 3 to 17 and
most typically a number from 5 to 15; x, y, z, independently of one
another, is typically a number from 2 to 13, more typically a number from
1 to 10 and most typically a number from 0 to 8.

[0046]R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from about 6 to about 40
carbon atoms. In addition, R is linear or branched, acyclic or cyclic,
saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic, substituted or
unsubstituted. Typically, R is a linear or branched acyclic C6-40
alkyl or alkenyl group or a C1-40 alkyl phenyl group, more typically
a C8-22 alkyl or alkenyl group or a C4-18 alkyl phenyl group
and most typically a C12-18 alkyl group or alkenyl group or a
C6-16 alkyl phenyl group.

and combinations thereof, [0049]wherein: [0050]R is a hydrocarbon radical
containing from about 6 to about 40 carbon atoms; [0051]u, v and w,
independently of one another, represent numbers of from 0 to 60; [0052]x,
y and z, independently of one another, represent numbers of from 0 to 13;
[0053]R' represents hydrogen, alkyl, and [0054]the sum of x+y+z being
≧0.

[0055]The numbers u, v, and w each represent the degree of alkoxylation.
Whereas, on a molecular level, the numbers u, v and w and the total
degree of alkoxylation can only be integers, including zero, on a
macroscopic level they are mean values in the form of broken numbers.

[0056]In formulas IV and V, R is linear of branched, acyclic or cyclic,
saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic, substituted or
unsubstituted, typically a linear or branched, acyclic C6-40 alkyl
or alkenyl group or a C1-40 alkyl phenyl group, more typically a
C8-22 alkyl or alkenyl group or a C4-18 alkyl phenyl group,
even more typically a C12-18 alkyl group or alkenyl group or a
C6-16 alkyl phenyl group; u, v, w, independently of one another, is
typically a number from 2 to 20, more typically a number from 3 to 17 and
most typically a number from 5 to 15; x, y, z, independently of one
another, is typically a number from 2 to 13, more typically a number from
1 to 10 and most typically a number from 0 to 8.

[0059]The at least one acid (b) is present in the composition in a
positive amount up to about 50% by weight, typically a positive amount up
to about 30% by weight, and more typically a positive amount up to about
15% by weight, based on the weight of the composition as a whole. In
other embodiments, the at least one acid (b) is present in the
composition in a range of from about 2% to about 50% by weight and in a
range from about 5% to about 15% by weight, based on the weight of the
composition as a whole.

[0060]The at least one water-insoluble ingredient (c) may, for example, be
chosen from an oil, a polymer, a fatty ester, a hydrocarbon, a silicone,
a wax, a fatty acid (in addition to the fatty acid (b)), salts of fatty
acids, a fatty alcohol and mixtures thereof

[0065]Non-limiting examples of fatty acids are the same as those described
above for the at least one fatty acid described above. This includes
carboxylate salts of the fatty acids listed above. The sodium, potassium,
ammonium, calcium and magnesium carboxylates of the fatty acids listed
above are typical examples of the carboxylate salts of the fatty acids.

[0066]Non-limiting example of fatty alcohols include compounds of formula
(VI):

R--OH (VI)

where R is as described above for the at least one fatty acid.

[0067]Non-limiting fatty esters include esters formed from the fatty acid
of formula (I) and C1-22 alcohols and esters formed from the fatty
alcohol of formula VI and C1-22 carboxylic acids.

[0069]The at least one water-insoluble ingredient (c) is present in the
composition in a positive amount up to about 50% by weight, typically a
positive amount up to about 30% by weight, and more typically a positive
amount up to about 15% by weight based on the weight of the composition
as a whole. In other embodiments, the at least one water-insoluble
ingredient (c) is present in the composition in an amount from about 0.1%
to about 50% by weight and in an amount from about 0.5% to about 15% by
weight based on the weight of the composition as a whole.

[0070]Solvent (d) in the composition is present in an amount from about
10% by weight to about 95% by weight, typically in an amount from about
50% by weight to about 85% by weight and more typically from about 60% by
weight to 80% by weight, based on the weight of the composition as a
whole. The solvent is typically water, alcohol, glycol or mixtures
thereof Alcohols include ethanol, propanol and butanol. Typically, the
alcohol is ethanol or isopropanol. Glycols include hexylene glycol,
diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,2-butylene
glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and mixtures thereof.

[0071]The composition may optionally contain at least one auxiliary
ingredient (e) in a positive amount to about 50% based on the weight of
the composition. The auxiliary ingredient may include an amino acid, a
protein, a cationic conditioner, a cationic polymer, a anionic
surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a amphoteric surfactant, a
zwitterionic surfactant, a viscosity modifier, an organosiloxane polymer,
a wax, a silicone resin, a pigment, a powder, a preservative, an
antioxidant, a vitamin, an alpha hydroxy acid, a beta hydroxy acid, an
alpha ketoacid, an antibacterial agent, a sunscreen, a preservative, a pH
adjusting agent, a bleaching agent, a perfume, a sequestering agent, an
anti-dandruff agent and mixtures thereof.

[0075]Conditioning agents may be chosen from amino acids, proteins,
extracts, fats, oils, esters, transesters, hydrocarbons, quats,
polyquats, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, alcohols,
polyols, humectants, alkanolamides, fatty acids, ketones, and mixtures
thereof The conditioning agent is present in an amount from about 0.001%
to about 50% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.
Typically, the conditioning agent is present in an amount from about 0.1%
to about 35% by weight, based on the weight of the composition and more
typically in an amount from about 1% to about 20% by weight, based on the
weight of the composition.

[0078]Non-limiting examples of nonionic surfactants includes alkoxylated
derivatives of the following: fatty alcohols, alkyl phenols, fatty acids,
fatty acid esters and fatty acid amides, wherein the alkyl chain is in
the C12-50 range, typically in the C16-40 range, more typically
in the C24 to C40 range, and having from about 1 to about 110
alkoxy groups. The alkoxy groups are selected from the group consisting
of C2-C6 oxides and their mixtures, with ethylene oxide,
propylene oxide, and their mixtures being the typical alkoxides. The
alkyl chain may be linear, branched, saturated, or unsaturated. Of these
alkoxylated non-ionic surfactants, the alkoxylated alcohols are typical,
and the ethoxylated alcohols and propoxylated alcohols are more typical.
The alkoxylated alcohols may be used alone or in mixtures with those
alkoxylated materials disclosed herein-above.

[0079]Other representative examples of such ethoxylated fatty alcohols
include laureth-3 (a lauryl ethoxylate having an average degree of
ethoxylation of 3), laureth-23 (a lauryl ethoxylate having an average
degree of ethoxylation of 23), ceteth-10 (a cetyl alcohol ethoxylate
having an average degree of ethoxylation of 10), steareth-10 (a stearyl
alcohol ethoxylate having an average degree of ethoxylation of 10),
steareth-2 (a stearyl alcohol ethoxylate having an average degree of
ethoxylation of 2), steareth-100 (a stearyl alcohol ethoxylate having an
average degree of ethoxylation of 100), beheneth-5 (a behenyl alcohol
ethoxylate having an average degree of ethoxylation of 5), beheneth-10 (a
behenyl alcohol ethoxylate having an average degree of ethoxylation of
10), and other derivatives and mixtures of the preceding.

[0080]Commercially available nonionic surfactants are Brij® nonionic
surfactants from Uniqema, Willmington, Del. Typically, Brij® is the
condensation products of aliphatic alcohols with from about 1 to about 54
moles of ethylene oxide, the alkyl chain of the alcohol being typically a
linear chain and having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, for
example, Brij 72 (i.e., Steareth-2) and Brij 76 (i.e., Steareth-10).

[0081]Also useful herein as nonionic surfactants are alkyl glycosides,
which are the condensation products of long chain alcohols, which are the
condensation products of long chain alcohols, e.g. C8-C30
alcohols, with sugar or starch polymers. These compounds can be
represented by the formula (S)n-O--R wherein S is a sugar moiety such as
glucose, fructose, mannose, galactose, and the like; n is an integer of
from about 1 to about 1000, and R is a C8-C30 alkyl group.
Examples of long chain alcohols from which the alkyl group can be derived
include decyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol,
myristyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and the like. Preferred examples of
these surfactants are alkyl polyglucosides wherein S is a glucose moiety,
R is a C8-C20 alkyl group, and n is an integer of from about 1
to about 9. Commercially available examples of these surfactants include
decyl polyglucoside (available as APG® 325 CS) and lauryl
polyglucoside (available as APG® 600CS and 625 CS), all the
above-identified polyglucosides APG® are available from Cognis,
Ambler, Pa. Also useful herein sucrose ester surfactants such as sucrose
cocoate and sucrose laurate.

[0084]Also suitable for use as nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated
derivatives of glyceryl esters, sorbitan esters, and alkyl
polyglycosides, wherein the alkoxy groups is selected from the group
consisting of C2-C6 oxides and their mixtures, with ethoxylated
or propoxylated derivatives of these materials being typical. Nonlimiting
examples of commercially available ethoxylated materials include
TWEEN® (ethoxylated sorbitan mono-, di- and/or tri-esters of C12
to C18 fatty acids with an average degree of ethoxylation of from
about 2 to 20).

[0089]Examples of organosiloxane polymers useful in the disclosure are
commercially available from Goldschmidt Corporation under the ABIL
tradename. One typical example is cetyl dimethicone copolyol and has the
tradename ABIL WE 09 or ABIL WS 08. The cetyl dimethicone copolyol may be
used alone or in conjunction with other non-silicone organic emulsifiers.
For example, the cetyl dimethicone copolyol may be used in an admixture
with other non-silicone organic auxiliary ingredients such a emulsifiers
and emollients. For example, the mixtures identified by the C.T.F.A.
names cetyl dimethicone copolyol (and) polyglyceryl 4-isostearate (and)
hexyl laurate, or cetyl dimethicone copolyol (and) polyglyceryl-3 oleate
(and) hexyl laurate both work well. These blends contain approximately
25-50% of each ingredient, for example ABIL WE 09 contains approximately,
by weight of the total ABIL composition, 25-50% cetyl dimethicone
copolyol, 25-50%, polyglyceryl 4-isostearate, and 25-50% of hexyl laurate
which is an emollient or oil.

[0090]Another type of organosiloxane polymer suitable for use in the
compositions of the disclosure are sold by Union Carbide under the
Silwet® trademark. These compositions are represented by the following
generic formulas:

(Me3Si)y-2[(OSiMe2)x/yO--PE]y[0091]wherein
PE=--(EO)m(PO)nR [0092]R=lower alkyl or hydrogen
[0093]Me=methyl [0094]EO is polyethyleneoxy [0095]PO is polypropyleneoxy
[0096]m and n are each independently 1-5000 [0097]x and y are each
independently 0-5000, and 8 [0098]wherein
PE=--CH2CH2CH2O(EO)m(PO)nZ [0099]Z=lower alkyl
or hydrogen, and [0100]Me, m, n, x, y, EO and PO are as described above,
[0101]with the proviso that the molecule contains a lipophilic portion
and a hydrophilic portion. Again, the lipophilic portion can be supplied
by a sufficient number of methyl groups on the polymer backbone.

[0102]Examples of other polymeric organosiloxane surfactants or
emulsifiers include amino/polyoxyalkyleneated polydiorganosiloxanes
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,147,578. Also suitable are organosiloxanes
sold by Goldschmidt under the ABIL trademark including ABIL B-9806, as
well as those sold by Rhone-Poulenc under the Alkasil tradename. Also,
organosiloxane polymers sold by Amerchol under the Amersil tradename,
including Amersil ME-358, Amersil DMC-287 and Amersil DMC-357 are
suitable. Dow Corning surfactants such as Dow Corning 3225C Formulation
Aid, Dow Corning 190 Surfactant, Dow Corning 193 Surfactant, Dow Corning
Q2-5200, and the like are also suitable. In addition, products sold under
the tradename Silwet by Union Carbide, and products sold by Troy
Corporation under the Troysol tradename, those sold by Taiwan Surfactant
Co. under the tradename Ablusoft, those sold by Hoechst under the
tradename Arkophob, are also suitable for use in the disclosure.

[0104]Silicone resins in the compositions of the disclosure may be added
at a concentration in a range of about 0.001-20%, typically 0.01-15%,
more typically 0.1-10% by weight based on the total weight of the
composition. Examples of suitable silicone resins include siloxy silicate
polymers having the following general formula:

[(RR'R'')3SiO1/2]x[SiO2]y

wherein R, R' and R'' are each independently a C1-10 straight or
branched chain alkyl or phenyl, and x and y are such that the ratio of
(RR'R'')3SiO1/2 units to SiO2 units is 0.5 to 1 to 1.5 to
1.

[0105]Typically R, R' and R'' are a C1-6 alkyl, and more preferably
are methyl and x and y are such that the ratio of
(CH3)3SiO1/2 units to SiO2 units is 0.75 to 1. For
example, a trimethylsiloxy silicate containing 2.4 to 2.9 weight percent
hydroxyl groups which is formed by the reaction of the sodium salt of
silicic acid, chlorotrimethylsilane, and isopropyl alcohol may be used.
The manufacture of trimethylsiloxy silicate is set forth in U.S. Pat.
Nos. 2,676,182; 3,541,205; and 3,836,437, all of which are hereby
incorporated by reference. Trimethylsiloxy silicate as described is
available from Dow Corning Corporation under the tradename 2-0749 and
2-0747, which is a blend of about 40-60% volatile silicone and 40-60%
trimethylsiloxy silicate. Dow Corning 2-0749 in particular, is a fluid
containing about 50% trimethylsiloxy silicate and about 50%
cyclomethicone. The fluid has a viscosity of 200-700 centipoise at
25° C., a specific gravity of 1.00 to 1.10 at 25° C., and a
refractive index of 1.40-1.41.

[0106]Other silicone resins are silicone esters comprising units of the
general formula RaREbSiO.sub.[4-(a+b)/2] or
R13xREySiO1/2, wherein R and R13 are each
independently an organic radical such as alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl, or,
for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, aryl,
cyclohexyl, and the like. a is an number ranging from 0 to 3, b is a
number ranging from 0 to 3, a+b is a number ranging from 1 to 3, x is a
number from 0 to 3, y is a number from 0 to 3 and the sum of x+y is 3,
and wherein RE is a carboxylic ester containing radical. Typical
RE radicals are those wherein the ester group is formed of one or
more fatty acid moieities (e.g. of about 6, often about 6 to 30 carbon
atoms) and one or more aliphatic alcohol moieties (e.g. of about 10 to 30
carbon atoms). Examples of such acid moieties include those derived from
branched-chain fatty acids such as isostearic, or straight chain fatty
acids such as behenic. Examples of suitable alcohol moieties include
those derived from monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, e.g. normal
alkanols such as n-propanol and branched-chain etheralkanols such as
(3,3,3-trimethylolpropoxypropane. Typically, the ester subgroup (i.e. the
group containing the carboxylic ester) will be linked to the silicon atom
by a divalent aliphatic chain that is at least 2 or 3 carbon atoms in
length, e.g. an alkylene group or a divalent alkyl ether group. Most
typically, that chain will be part of the alcohol moiety, not the acid
moiety. More typically, the cross-linked silicone ester can be a liquid
or solid at room temperature. The compound may have a waxy feel and a
molecular weight of no more than about 100,000 daltons.

[0107]Such silicone resins having the above formula are disclosed in U.S.
Pat. No. 4,725,658 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,334,737, which are hereby
incorporated by reference. These ingredients are commercially available
from General Electric under the tradenames SF 1318 and SF 1312,
respectively.

[0110]The auxiliary ingredient may contain a mixture of both pigmented and
non-pigmented powders. The percentage of pigments used in the powder
component will depend on the type of cosmetic being formulated.

[0112]The auxiliary ingredient may include about 0.0001-8%, typically
0.001-6%, more typically 0.005-5% by weight of a preservative based on
the total weight of the composition. A variety of preservatives are
suitable, including such as benzoic acid, benzyl alcohol, ethanol,
polyvinyl alcohol, phenoxyethanol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben,
benzylhemiformal, benzylparaben, 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane,
2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, butyl paraben, calcium benzoate, calcium
propionate, captan, chlorhexidine diacetate, chlorhexidine digluconate,
chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, chloroacetamide, chlorobutanol,
p-chloro-m-cresol, chlorophene, chlorothymol, chloroxylenol, m-cresol,
o-cresol, DEDM Hydantoin, DEDM Hydantoin dilaurate, dehydroacetic acid,
diazolidinyl urea, dibromopropamidine diisethionate, DMDM Hydantoin, and
all of those disclosed on pages 570 to 571 of the CTFA Cosmetic
Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition, 1992, which is hereby incorporated
by reference. The auxiliary ingredient may include mixtures of these
preservatives.

[0113]The auxiliary ingredient of the disclosure may contain vitamins
and/or coenzymes, as well as antioxidants. These may be added at a
concentration of about 0.001-10%, typically 0.01-8%, more typically
0.05-5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. Suitable
vitamins include the B vitamins such as thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxin,
and so on, as well as coenzymes such as thiamine pyrophoshate, flavin
adenin dinucleotide, folic acid, pyridoxal phosphate, tetrahydrofolic
acid, and so on. Also Vitamin A and derivatives thereof are suitable.
Examples are Vitamin A palmitate, acetate, or other esters thereof, as
well as Vitamin A in the form of beta carotene. Also suitable is Vitamin
E and derivatives thereof such as Vitamin E acetate, nicotinate, or other
esters thereof In addition, Vitamins D and K are suitable.

[0115]The auxiliary ingredient may include one or more alpha or beta
hydroxy acids or alpha ketoacids. Typical ranges are 0.01-20%, more
typically 0.1-15%, and even more typical 0.5-10% by weight based on the
total composition. Suitable alpha hydroxy acids and alpha ketoacids are
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,091,171, which is hereby incorporated by
reference. The general structure of such alpha hydroxy acids may be
represented by the following formula:

(Ra)(Rb)C(OH)COOH

wherein Ra and Rb are H, F, Cl, Br, alkyl, aralkyl, or aryl group of
saturated, unsaturated, straight or branched chain or cyclic form having
1-10 carbon atoms, and in addition Ra or Rb may carry OH, CHO, COOH and
alkoxy groups having 1 to 9 carbon atoms.

[0117]Also beta hydroxy acids such as salicylic acid, and derivatives
thereof may be included in the compositions of the disclosure. In
addition, mixtures of the above alpha and beta hydroxyl acids or alpha
ketoacids.

[0120]Bleaching agents include, but not limited to, hydrogen peroxide,
perborate and persufate salts. EDTA and other aminocarboxylates may be
used as sequestering agents. Anti-dandruff agents such as zinc
pyrithione, salicylic acid, climbazole, ketoconazole, sulfur piroctone
olamine, selenium sulfide and mixtures thereof may also be used as an
auxiliary ingredient.

[0121]The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are
not intended to limit the scope of the claims. In the following examples,
Lupasol® G-35 is 50% active and Carbopol® aqua CC is 20% active.

Determination of the Amine Number and the Acid Number

[0122]The measurement of the Acid and the Amine Value is performed through
a common acid-base titration in the presence of a color indicator. The
method is based on the European and American Pharmacopoeias and Standard
ISO 660.

[0123]Specifically, the acid value measures the quantity of free acid
functions titratable with NaOH using Phenolphthalein as an indicator (the
endpoint is determined by the slight pink color that persists for at
least 15 seconds), and is reported as milliequivalent of acid per grams
(meq/g) of the acid substance.

[0124]Similarly, the amine value measures the quantity of amine functions
titratable with HCl using Bromophenol Blue as an indicator (the endpoint
is determined by the slight blue color that persists for at least 15
seconds), and is reported as milliequivalent of amine per gram (meq/g) of
the polyamine.

General Procedure for Preparing the Composition of the Disclosure

[0125]The at least one acid, at least one water-insoluble ingredient and
other optional oil-based ingredients are mixed at a temperature of at
least 25° C. in a container A. The at least one polyamine, water
and other optional ingredients are mixed at a temperature of at least
25° C. in a container B. Next the contents of container B is
slowly added to container A with high shear mixing. After all of
container B is added, other optional ingredients described above are
added while mixing at high shear. Mixing continues until a homogeneous
mixture is obtained. A hair dye or hair coloring agent may be mixed into
the homogeneous mixture above to form a hair coloring formulation. This
formulation may then be applied to hair. The hair dye or coloring agent
may include an oxidative dye, a substantive dye, an azo dye, a methane
dye, an azomethine dye, a triarylmethane dye, a xanthene dye, a
phthalocyanin dye, a phenothiaine dye.

1. Water-Resistant Properties of Disclosed Composition

A. General Test for the Measurement of the Water-Resistance of Disclosed
Composition

[0126]The water-resistance of a surface treated with the disclosed
composition can be measured using a Contact Angle Measurement System K-12
manufactured by Kruss (Germany). This instrument allows one to calculate
the degree of water-resistance of a solid surface when it was pushed in
and pulled out of water by measuring the angle formed by the water-solid
interface. The low contact angle denotes a low water-resistance (water
spreads on the surface), and the high contact angle denotes a high
water-resistance (water beads on the surface).

[0133]The data in Table 1-1 show that when the concentration of the
ingredients in the disclosed compositior is lowered and the Amine number
: Acid number is outside the claimed range, both the Advancing Contac
Angle and the Receding Contact Angle decrease to below 66 degrees. A
decrease in the contact angle can also be seen in a case where additional
ingredients such as nonionic surfactant (Procetyl AWS) are added to the
claimed composition. These results demonstrate that not all compositions
necessarily have the disclosed contact angle of 66 degrees.

[0135]The data demonstrate a significant increase in water-resistance of
the glass surface upon treating with the disclosed composition as
evidenced by the increase in both the Advancing Contact Angle and the
Receding Contact Angle.

C. Water-Resistance of Hair Treated with the Disclosed Composition

[0136]Bleached hair (from IHIP, New York) was treated with various shampoo
formulas containing the disclosed composition six times (1 g shampoo/g
hair, 1 cycle=1 minute shampoo, 30 second rinse). The contact angles
between water and the single hair fiber (n=12) were measured. The results
are shown in the following Table (Table 1-3):

[0137]The data shows that hair shampooed with the disclosed composition
containing shampoo is water-proof as indicated by the increase in the
Receding Contact Angle.

2. Studies on Non-Transfer of Pigments using the Disclosed Composition

A. Study on Non-Transfer of Pigments in the Disclosed Composition
(Aqueous)

[0138]An aqueous formula of the disclosed composition containing a pigment
(Red 7) was applied onto hair. The hair was blotted with tissue sheets
and then the sheets were read with a spectrophotometer to measure the L
value and the a value.

[0139]The L value is a measure of lightness/darkness. A lower L value
indicates that the color is darker and a higher L value indicates the
color is lighter. The a value is a measure of redness. A lower a value
indicates less redness and a higher a value indicates more redness. In
this study, the transfer of pigment onto the white sheet of tissue paper
is indicated by a lower L value (darker) and a higher a value (redder).

[0145]First, using the spectrophotometer, take baseline reading of the
kimwipe tissue paper. Next, apply treatments, (0.5 g per gram of hair)
and massage in for a minute. Air dry by hanging for 20 minutes. Place the
treated hair between two sheets of kimwipes and place 3.5 kg weight on
top for 1 minute. Measure L and a values of surfaces of kimwipes where
the swatches were pressed. Calculate averages and % changes.

Results:

[0146]The hair treated with the disclosed composition had significantly
less pigment transfer, by t-test, indicated by lower % change of L value
and lower % change of a value (Table 2-1). The hair treated with the
Traditional soap had significantly more pigment transfer, by t-test,
indicated by higher % change of L value and higher % change of a value.

B. Non-Transfer of Pigment Study of The Disclosed Composition (Anhydrous)

Objective:

[0148]An anhydrous formula of the disclosed composition containing a
pigment (Red 7) were applied onto hair. The hair was blotted with tissue
sheets and then the sheets were read with a spectrophotometer to measure
the L value and the a value.

[0149]The L value is a measure of lightness/darkness. A lower L value
indicates that the color is darker and a higher L value indicates the
color is lighter. The a value is a measure of redness. A lower a value
indicates less redness and a higher a value indicates more redness. In
this study, the transfer of pigment onto the white sheet of tissue paper
is indicated by a lower L value (darker) and a higher a value (redder).

[0155]First, using the spectrophotometer, take baseline reading of
kimwipe, next, apply treatments, (0.5 g per gram of hair) and massage in
for a minute. Air dry by hanging for 20 minutes. Place the treated hair
between two sheets of kimwipes and place 3.5 kg weight on top for 1
minute. Measure L and a values of surfaces of kimwipes where the swatches
were pressed. Calculate averages and % changes.

Results:

[0156]The hair treated with the disclosed composition had significantly
less pigment transfer, by t-test, indicated by lower % change of L value
and lower % change of a value (Table 2-2). The hair treated with the
anhydrous Traditional soap had significantly more pigment transfer, by
t-test, indicated by higher % change of L value and higher % change of a
value.

[0157]The hair treated with the disclosed composition had significantly
less pigment transfer than the traditional soap treated swatches.

3. Non-Transfer of Oil Studies with the Disclosed CompositionA.
Non-Transfer of Oil Study with the Disclosed Composition (Aqueous)

[0158]An aqueous formula of the disclosed composition containing mineral
oil was applied on the hair. The hair was blotted with oil blotting
sheets and then the sheets were read with a spectrophotometer to measure
the L value.

Background:

[0159]The L value is a measure of lightness/darkness. A lower L value
indicates that the color is darker and a higher L value indicates the
color is lighter. In this study, oil that transfers onto the blotting
sheet with a black background will appear dark on the sheets, as
indicated by lower L values.

[0166]First, using the spectrophotometer, take baseline reading of the oil
blotting sheets. Next, apply treatments, (0.5 g per gram of hair) and
massage in for a minute. Blow-dry the swatches at 55° C. for 15
minutes. Place the treated hair between two oil blotting sheets and place
3.5 kg weight on top for 1 minute. Place the two blotting sheets on a
black surface and measure L and a values of surfaces where the swatches
were pressed. Calculate averages and % changes.

Results:

[0167]The swatches treated with the disclosed composition had significant
less transfer of oil, by t-test, indicated by low percent change of L
value (Table 3-1). The swatches treated with the aqueous traditional soap
had significant amount of oil transfer, by t-test, indicated by high
percent change of L value.

[0168]The hair treated with the disclosed composition had significantly
less transfer of oil than the hair treated with an aqueous formula of
traditional soap. The lower transfer of oil from the hair results in
improved hair color retention.

B. Non-Transfer of Oil Study with The Disclosed Composition (Anhydrous)

[0169]An anhydrous formula of the disclosed composition containing mineral
oil was applied on the hair. The hair was blotted with oil blotting
sheets and then the sheets were read with a spectrophotometer to measure
the L value.

Background:

[0170]The L value is a measure of lightness/darkness. A lower L value
indicates that the color is darker and a higher L value indicates the
color is lighter. In this study, oil that transfers onto the blotting
sheet with a black background will appear dark on the sheets, as
indicated by lower L values.

[0176]First, using the spectrophotometer, take baseline reading of the oil
blotting sheets. Next, apply treatments, (0.5 g per gram of hair) and
massage in for a minute. Blow-dry the swatches at 55° C. for 15
minutes. Place the treated hair between two oil blotting sheets and place
3.5 kg weight on top for 1 minute. Place the two blotting sheets on a
black surface and measure L and a values of surfaces where the swatches
were pressed. Calculate averages and % changes.

Results:

[0177]The swatches treated with the disclosed composition had
significantly less transfer of oil, by t-test, indicated by low percent
change of L value (Table 3-2). The swatches treated with the anhydrous
traditional soap had significant amount of oil transfer, by t-test,
indicated by high percent change of L value.

[0178]The hair treated with the anhydrous formula of the disclosed
composition had significantly less transfer of oil than the hair treated
with an anhydrous formula of traditional soap. The lower transfer of oil
from the hair results in improved hair color retention.

4. Color Retention Study of The Disclosed Composition with a Pigment
Objective:

[0179]To study the durability of pigment on bleached hair dyed black by
using the disclosed composition with pigment using a spectrophotometer.

[0181]Table 4-2 shows the total color change (% ΔE) of the hair
swatches. After 1 shampoo, pigment was completely removed from the
control. The pigment lasted up to 6 shampoos on the test swatches treated
with the disclosed composition. These results show that the disclosed
composition inhibits color fading in dyed hair due to shampooing.

[0184]Hair dyed with the dye containing disclosed composition (Test A-D)
had significantly better color retention than the control, after 6
shampoos (Lower the L value the darker the color) as shown in Table 5-2.

[0187]Hair dyed with chromatic dye that was post treated with the
disclosed composition (Test A-C) had significantly better color retention
than the untreated control, after 6 shampoos (Lower the ΔE value
the darker the color) as shown in Table 6-2.

[0190]Hair dyed with oxidative dye that was post treated with the
disclosed composition (Test A and B) had significantly better color
retention than the untreated control, after 3 shampoos (Lower the
ΔE value the darker the color) as shown in Table 7-2.

[0192]First color platinum bleached hair with Redken® Hi Fusion R
(chromatic dye). Measure baseline with a spectrophotometer. Shampoo the
swatches six times with test shampoos A-C (Table 8-1), containing the
disclosed compositions as well as with the control shampoo. Blow-dry hair
and measure color, then calculate % ΔE.

[0193]Hair shampooed with shampoo containing the disclosed composition
(Test A-C) had significantly better color retention than the control,
after 6 shampoos than the control sample (Lower the delta E value the
darker the color) as shown in Table 8-2.

[0194]Overall the results from experiments 1-8 illustrated the ability of
the disclosed composition to unexpectedly inhibit color fading in hair.
Specifically the disclosed composition unexpectedly improves hair
properties such as water-resistance, non-transfer of pigment,
non-transfer of oil, and hair color retention. These properties lead to
improved hair color retention in both dyed and naturally colored hair.

[0195]The foregoing description illustrates and describes the present
disclosure. Additionally, the disclosure shows and describes only the
preferred embodiments of the disclosure, but, as mentioned above, it is
to be understood that it is capable of changes or modifications within
the scope of the concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above
teachings and/or skill or knowledge of the relevant art. The embodiments
described hereinabove are further intended to explain best modes known of
practicing the invention and to enable others skilled in the art to
utilize the disclosure in such, or other, embodiments and with the
various modification required by the particular applications or uses
disclosed herein. Accordingly, the description is not intended to limit
the invention to the form disclosed herein. Also, it is intended that the
appended claims be construed to include alternative embodiments.

[0196]All publications, patents and patent applications cited in this
specification are herein incorporated by reference, and for any and all
purposes, as if each individual publication, patent or patent application
were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by
reference. In the case of inconsistencies, the present disclosure will
prevail.