Aromatic amines, when protonated, usually have lower pKa's (are more acidic) than their non-aromatic analogs. This is due to the delocalization of the lone pair of electrons from the nitrogen into the ring.

Structural formula

The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphical representation of the molecular structure, showing how the atoms are arranged. The chemical bonding within the molecule is also shown, either explicitly or implicitly. There are several common representations used in publications. These are described below. Also several other formats are used, as in chemical databases, such as SMILES, InChI and CML.

Unlike chemical formulas or chemical names, structural formulas provide a representation of the molecular structure. Chemists nearly always describe a chemical reaction or synthesis using structural formulas rather than chemical names, because the structural formulas allow the chemist to visualize the molecules and the changes that occur.

Many chemical compounds exist in different isomeric forms, which have different structures but the same overall chemical formula. A structural formula indicates the arrangements of atoms in a way that a chemical formula cannot.

Lewis structures

Lewis structures (or "Lewis dot structures") are flat graphical formulas that show atom connectivity and lone pair or unpaired electrons, but not three-dimensional structure. This notation is mostly used for small molecules. Each line represents the two electrons of a single bond. Two or three parallel lines between pairs of atoms represent double or triple bonds, respectively. Alternatively, pairs of dots may used to represent bonding pairs. In addition, all non-bonded electrons (paired or unpaired) and any formal charges on atoms are indicated.

Condensed formulas

In early organic-chemistry publications, where use of graphics was severely limited, a typographic system arose to describe organic structures in a line of text. Although this system tends to be problematic in application to cyclic compounds, it remains a convenient way to represent simple structures:

Parentheses are used to indicate multiple identical groups, indicating attachment to the nearest non-hydrogen atom on the left when appearing within a formula, or to the atom on the right when appearing at the start of a formula:

Indication of stereochemistry

Several methods exist to picture the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule (stereochemistry).

Stereochemistry in skeletal formulas

Chirality in skeletal formulas is indicated by the Natta projection method. Solid or dashed wedged bonds represent bonds pointing above-the-plane or below-the-plane of the paper, respectively.

Unspecified stereochemistry

Wavy single bonds represent unknown or unspecified stereochemistry or a mixture of isomers. For example the diagram below shows the fructose molecule with a wavy bond to the HOCH2- group at the left. In this case the two possible ring structures are in chemical equilibrium with each other and also with the open-chain structure. The ring continually opens and closes, sometimes closing with one stereochemistry and sometimes with the other.

Perspective drawings

Newman projection and sawhorse projection

The Newman projection and the sawhorse projection are used to depict specific conformers or to distinguish vicinal stereochemistry. In both cases, two specific carbon atoms and their connecting bond are the center of attention. The only difference is a slightly different perspective: the Newman projection looking straight down the bond of interest, the sawhorse projection looking at the same bond but from a somewhat oblique vantage point. In the Newman projection, a circle is used to represent a plane perpendicular to the bond, distinguishing the substituents on the front carbon from the substituents on the back carbon. In the sawhorse projection, the front carbon is usually on the left and is always slightly lower:

Cyclohexane conformations

Certain conformations of cyclohexane and other small-ring compounds can be shown using a standard convention. For example, the standard chair conformation of cyclohexane involves a perspective view from slightly above the average plane of the carbon atoms and indicates clearly which groups are axial and which are

From Yahoo Answers

Question:Write the structural formula and designate the amines who contain in molecule 4 atoms of carbon?

Answers:lots of them.
First find out all the different ways in which you can join up 5 dots. include structures that contain a ring.
Secondly, see how many different structures you can make from each of these by labelling one of the dots as N
Thirdly, for each of these structures see how many new structures you can make by putting in double bonds between carbons.
Finally, add hydrogens as needed to obey the rules of valence.

Question:Needs to work out all kinds of stuff on these but cant find the molecular structures or even the names, I know the first one is Methylamine....

Question:its made from a nitroarene with Sn and HCl or Zn and H+ but is it a benzene ring with an NH2 group on it?

Answers:Aryl simply refers to an aromatic ring structure (a benzene ring). Aryl amine is also known as analine, or amino benzene. Yes, it is an amino group attached to a benzene ring.
The conditions you described are reducing conditions. The nitro group on the nitorarene is reduced w/ SnCl2, or w/ zinc / H+ to give the corresponding amine.

Question:Write the structural formula and the name for a representive compound from each of the following families (functional groups)?
a) amine
b) alcohol
c) carboxylic acid
d) aldehyde
e) ester
f) ketone
g) ether

Answers:a) -NH2 CH3-NH2 is methylamine
b) -OH CH3-OH is methanol (or methyl alcohol)
c) -COOH CH3-COOH is ethanoic acid (or acetic acid)
d) -CHO CH3-CHO is ethanal (or acetaldehyde) The oxygen is double bonded to the carbon.
e) -COO-C CH3-COO-CH3 is methyl ethanoate (or methyl acetate). For -COO- group, one of the oxygens is double bonded to the carbon whereas the other is single bonded to the carbon.
f) -CO- CH3-CO-CH3 propanone (or acetone). The oxygen is double bonded to the carbon.
g) -O- CH3-O-CH3 dimethyl ether. The oxygen is single bonded to two different carbon atoms.