Words: Valèresen us; Valèrese broereGloss: Valère-sen house; Valère-se brotherTranslation: 'Valère's house'Comment: this pattern is much like the Anglosaxon genitive, sen before a vowel, se before a consonantContributor:Liliane Haegeman

Words: den meester van Frans sen usGloss: the-masc-sg master of French his houseTranslation: 'The French teacher's house'Comment: sen before a vowel, se before a consonantContributor:Liliane Haegeman

Words: de juffrouw van Frans sen us/ se broereGloss: the miss of French sen house/se brotherTranslation: 'The (female) French teacher's house/ brother'Comment: sen is used with a feminine possessor; sen before a vowel, se before a consonantContributor:Liliane Haegeman

Words: de juffrow van Frans eur usGloss: the miss of French her houseTranslation: 'the (female) French teacher's house'Comment: 'eur' is the feminine poss. pronoun. Contributor:Liliane Haegeman

Words: dat Valère dat niet en-weetGloss: that Valère that not en knowsTranslation: 'that Valère doesn't know that'Comment: the preverbal particle en is restricted to finite negative contexts but it cannot on its own express negation. It is optional and introduces a pragmatic value: the negative proposition is contrary to what would be inferrable from the discourse/situation. Contributor:Liliane Haegeman

en- is one of the elements implicated in sentential negation. en- is opitional, always precedes the finite verb (in main and embedded clauses), and must coocur with a negative constituent. see (Haegeman (1998a,b, 2000, 2002).

Words: Is Valère no Parys geweest? Joa-jGloss: be-pres-3sg Valère to Parys be-part? Yes+heTranslation: Has Valère been to Paris? Yes he hasComment: The particle ja (=yes) is inflected like the finite verb and is followed by a clitic form of the subject pronounContributor:Liliane Haegeman

Words: Is Valère no Parys geweest? Nee-jGloss: be-pres-3sg Valère to Parys be-part. No-heTranslation: Has Valère been to Paris? No he hasn't Comment: The negative particle nee ('no') is inflected like the finite verb and the complementizer and is followed by a clitic form of the subject pronoun. Contributor:Liliane Haegeman

Words: Is Valère nie no Parys geweest? Ba joa-jGloss: be-pres-3sg Valère not to Parys be-part. But yes-heTranslation: Hasn't Valère been to Paris? He has!Comment: 'ba' = but is prefixed to the answer. Contributor:Liliane Haegeman