Suppose $f : \{-1,1\}^n \to \{-1,1\}$ is a voting rule for a $2$-candidate election. Making the impartial culture assumption, the $n$ voters independently and uniformly randomly choose their votes ${\boldsymbol{x}} = ({\boldsymbol{x}}_1, \dots, {\boldsymbol{x}}_n)$. Now imagine that when each voter goes to the ballot box there is some chance that their vote is misrecorded.