Dairy and the US Congress

This collection documents legislative issues relating to dairy
such as milk pricing, subsidies, and oleomargarine. Vermont's congressional
delegation has a long and active history in matters relating to Vermont's
dairy farmers and the dairy industry. George Aiken, Elbert Brigham, James
Jeffords, and Patrick Leahy all served on Agriculture committees and their
collections document many of the agricultural issues that faced Congress in
the 20th Century.

Topics include Class I milk marketing order proposals by Senator Proxmire (WI) and Senator McCarthy (MN), both of which were opposed by Senator Aiken; proposed changes to the Agricultural Adjustment Act by the USDA; milk prices; milk surpluses.

Topics include Class I milk marketing order proposals by Senator Proxmire (WI) and Senator McCarthy (MN), both of which were opposed by Senator Aiken; milk sanitation legislation; remarks of Rep. Samuel Stratton (NY) in the House of Representatives on federal dairy legislation; milk prices; milk production and surpluses; comments of Elmer Towne, Vermont Commisssioner of Agriculture, on Kennedy administration’s proposed dairy legislation.

Topics include H.R. 10043 by Representative Thomas Abernethy (MS), which is the same as a bill in the Senate by Senators Hubert Humphrey (MN) and Alexander Wiley (WI); bill would establish a "Dairy Stabilization Board" which would be empowered to fix prices, control production, establish the level of price supports for manufacturing milk, and conceivably take over all the processing functions; response of Vermont farm organizations to the bill; Aiken's estimation of the chance of the bill in Congress; current balance between consumption and production of milk; fertilizer payments; Vermont hearings on the "Self-Help" bill.

Topics include New England Milkshed Price Committee; letter from Elmer Towne, Vermont Commissioner of Agriculture, on a variety of dairy issues in Vermont; continuation of dairy support prices; National Conference on Interstate Shipments of Milk and a proposed national milk standards act; USDA General Counsel's opinion of proposed limitations on dairy price supports in the Department of Agriculture and Farm Credit Adminstration Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1960; "Swedish Treatment" for mastitis; pesticide and antibiotic residues in milk.

Topics include proposal relating to the parity equivalent of
manufacturing milk; disposal of powdered milk surplus in foreign countries;
Richard Aplin, Milk Marketing Administrator for the Boston Area; price
supports and government surpluses of dairy products; marketing quotas and
reduced output of milk; fluid milk purchases; export of dairy products; herd
culling program; proper use of diverted acres; price of grain used for dairy
rations; milk rations for Armed Services; size of dairy farms and government
support for small farms; Commodity Credit Corporation; Senate Committee on
Agriculture hearings on dairy support price; decreasing demand for milk;
role of Democratic party in creating current dairy industry problems; milk
vending machines for office buildings and factories; strawberry milk;
Brucellosis; sale of milk in two and four quart cartons; importation of hay
and cattle from Canada; field dairy hearings; proposed dairy program;
President Eisenhower's flexible price support program; Agricultural
Agreement Act of 1937 and domestic trade barriers affecting milk and milk
products; meeting of all farm organizations in Vermont interested in dairy
to consider general policy questions.

Topics include USDA study on probable effects on prices and consumption of quota plans to restrict farm marketings of milk and cream; remarks of President Kennedy to the National Conference on Milk and Nutrition; milk and grain surplus figures; press release from Senator Proxmire (WI) on milk price supports; memo from Charlie Weaver to Aiken about a plan proposed by Bill Welden of Hood to fight proposed quota legislation.

Topics include New England milk market and its different
marketing orders; New York milk strike and New York milk market;
responsibility of state governments in improving circumstances for dairy
farmers; Federal Milk Order; effect of the New York milk strike on the
Republican Party; Secretary of Agriculture Ezra Benson; differences in milk
production around the country; consumption of dairy products; loans for milk
tanks; opinions on dairy price supports by various Vermont farm
constituencies as reported by Vermont Commissioner of Agriculture, Elmer
Towne; Abernethy "Self-Help" bill; effects on Vermont farmers of a New
England wide milk marketing order; proposal to extend the present export
price assistance program to dry whole milk, and to evaporated milk; report
on Eastern Milk Marketing Order; price war in the Boston market; growth of
Hood Co.; Whiting Milk Company's economic difficulties and proposal to have
operating cooperatives buy it; Southeastern New England milk order; milk
production and pricing in Connecticut.

Topics include Secretary of Agriculture Orville Freeman's decision on proposed amendments to milk marketing orders; response to decision from the Northeastern Association of State Departments of Agriculture; milk prices.

Topics include milk prices; United States Department of Agriculture Marketing Administration regulations for the Greater Boston and New York marketing areas; need for unification of agricultural groups to become a stronger advocate for farmers; Agricultural Marketing Agreement of 1937; milk distributors in the greater New York City area and price fixing; Senate Committee on Agriculture; Providence, Rhode Island Milk Market; butter fat content of milk; United States Department of Agriculture Office of Price Administration; milk retailers; President Roosevelt's Economic Stabilization Program.

Topics include milk prices for Springfield and Fitchburg, Massachusetts; creamery butter and cheese production estimates; dairy subsidies and milk production; Senate Committee on Agriculture; Senator Warren Austin (VT); Board of Health regulations and the unloading of milk at Hood's creamery in Newport, Vermont; United Farmers Co-operative Creamery Association, Inc.; United States War Food Administration; effect of drought on hay and pasture crops; State Control Boards and surplus milk; United States Office of Price Administration; milk coolers; price of whole milk and butter; Ingelside Dairy; New York milk marketing area; milk fat quota and the manufacture of frozen dairy foods and mix; retail price of milk; importation of milk from Canada.

Topics include rising cost of dairy production and high cost of
feed; Office of Price Stabilization and Supplemental Regulation 63; price
control of dairy products; letter from Secretary of State Dean Acheson to
Senator Burnet Maybank (SC) in regards to the Defense Production Act;
statement of George Paul before the Senate Banking and Currency Committee
setting forth the views of the National Creameries Association in regards to
the Defense Production Act; Secretary of Agriculture Charles F. Brannan;
pricing of class 1-C milk in New Jersey and Senate Committee hearings;
appropriations for the Dairy Herd Improvement Association Division of the
Bureau of Dairy Industry.

Topics include bills in House and Senate to direct the Secretary of Agriculture to announce the parity price of milk and announce or make effective the support price of milk; mandatory supports for dairy products; disposal of surplus dairy products; proposed suspension of Boston milk order; Vermont farm cooperatives; supply and demand provision of the New England milk formula; United Farmers of New England; proposed equalizing of prices in New York and New England milksheds; marketing of Class II New York milk in New England secondary markets.

Topics include oleomargarine regulation; oleomargarine tax; oleomargarine use in hotels and restaurants disguised as butter; oleomargarine coloring; oleomargarine production and the cost of butter; oleomargarine advertisements in Life magazine.

Topics include oleomargarine legislation; oleomargarine tax; oleomargarine use in hotels and restaurants disguised as butter; oleomargarine coloring; production of oleomargarine and the cornering of the cotton oil market by two companies; oleomargarine bill in the Senate Committee on Finance; rather than the Senate Agriculture Committee; the United States Food and Drug Administration and the misbranding of foods; Vermont dairy industry; corn syrup served as maple syrup.

Tax on Oleomargarine; proposed amendment drafts; statistical
report on the use of foreign coconut oil in margarine; statistical reports
on oleomargarine produced and materials used for January and February 1948
as compared to January and February 1947.

Topics include H.R. 2023, an act to regulate oleomargarine, to repeal certain taxes relating to oleomargarine, and for other purposes; text and amendments to the bill; taxes under Internal Revenue Code for oleomargarine, processed butter, and adulterated butter; import duty under Tariff Act for oleomargarine and butter; average hourly rate for select states; beef and veal from milk-producing animals; cost of producing milk; Arkansas oleomargarine laws; coconut oil taxes and import duties; income figures for select agricultural products; five leading oleomargarine producers; list of qualified manufacturers of oleomargarine.