Poetry is a special form of writing that allows a student to express ideas, emotions, or experiences directly through words in verse. It is probably the most artistic of all genres of writing because of the delicate juggling act of (a) rhythms, (b) sound devices, and (c) subject matter.

The sounds of the words in a line of poetry make a rhythm that is similar to the rhythm in music. This rhythm is established by stressed and unstressed syllables. The pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a poem is called its meter. It’s important to pay attention to rhythm because it’s key to understanding the full effect of a poem.

Some poets use sound devices as a strategy to create an emotional response by the listener. Sound devices are special tools the poet can use to create certain effects in the poem to convey and reinforce meaning through sound. The four most common sound devices are repetition, rhyme, alliteration, and assonance.

Subject matter for any form of poetry writing is limitless. Subject matter is the topic that is being written about and serves as the foundation for the text.

Are you aware that incorporating poetry lessons throughout the school year can actually improve your students’ writing in other genres? Poetry writing helps students develop language, vocabulary, and word choice skills. Each word in a poem is packed with meaning to show instead of tell, so good poets carefully choose each word for the effect its meaning and sound will have on the listener. They choose words that will bring about sensory images in the imagination and emotional responses in the heart.

Personally, I think couplets are a fun way to begin teaching students about the basics of rhythm and rhyme, using any subject matter of interest. A couplet refers to two successive lines of poetry that rhyme and have the same meter. A couplet can consist of only two lines, or it can have multiple rhyming stanzas, consisting of two lines each.

Take a look at these examples:

I do not like green eggs and hamI do not like them Sam I am.

- Green Eggs and Ham, Dr. Seuss

Humpty Dumpty sat on a wallHumpty Dumpty had a great fallAll the king's horses and all the king's menCouldn't put Humpty together again!

- Nursery Rhyme

Here’s some more information you need to understand about couplets: Couplets may be formal or run-on. A formal (or closed) couplet has a grammatical pause at the end of each line or verse. On the other hand, a run-on (or open) couplet allows the meaning of the first line to continue to the second line. This is also called enjambment.

Couplet Writing Activity:

Divide into small groups. Each group selects a subject based on the current season. (For example, if the season is fall, a group could select Halloween, football, falling leaves, etc.) Each member of the group writes a couplet with multiple rhyming stanzas, consisting of two lines each to declare the chosen subject matter.

Then, each group creates a mural or collage to celebrate the chosen subject matter. Each group tells about its subject in both the poem and artwork. Discuss the artwork and couplets and how they made you feel about the selected subject matter. Be sure to follow the Rules for Discussion and the Guidelines for an Oral Presentation:

Jamie Geneva is the Senior National Consultant at Shurley Instructional Materials and is a seasoned subject matter expert in the realm of English Language Arts. Her career with the company began during the days of the Shurley Method binder, which was pre-1st Edition, and has spanned across three decades. Over the years, her various roles have included teacher, presenter, state representative, consultant, manager, and most recently, a Shurley English Digital Assistant. You might not recognize her face, but her voice could certainly sound familar. That’s because she’s recorded Jingles, Q&A Flow Sentences, and other Shurley English content for many, many years.

Jamie and her husband, Garret, live in the foothills of eastern Oklahoma. She loves spending quality time with her family, traveling, reading, cooking, and staying connected on social media.

Ms. Geneva received her B.S. degree in Elementary Education and her M.Ed in Public School Administration from Northeastern State University in Tahlequah, OK.

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