NB? Parenthetical? Turabian? Choosing a Documentation System

The Chicago Manual Style includes two systems, notes-bibliography and author-date. The notes-bibliography style presents citation information in footnotes within the text and in a bibliography at the end of the text. In the author-date, or parenthetical, system brief citations in parenthesis appear within the text and a list of references at the end of the text. Turabian is based on The Chicago Manual of Style, but is slightly simplified for student use. Your professor will indicate which system you should use.

Notes and Bibliography

Notes-bibliography documentation is discussed in Chapter 14 (beginning on page 653). The first note (N) includes all citation information, any subsequent reference is shortened. Footnotes are single-space and the first line is indented. List page numbers consulted in note. The bibliography (B) is single-spaced and indented after the first line.

Book
N: Rick Beard, The Muse: A History of Music (New York: Random House, 2009), 9–18.
N: Beard, The Muse, 22.
B: Beard, Rick. The Muse: A History of Music. New York: Random
House, 2009.

Author-Date

Author-date documentation is discussed in Chapter 15 (beginning on page 785). The parenthetical text citation (T) includes only author's last name, year, and page number. The reference list entry (R) provides all of the citation information.

Book

T: (Beard 2009, 9–18)

R: Beard, Rick. 2009. The Muse: A History of Music. New York:

Random House.

Journal Article

T: (Stein 2009, 442)

R: Stein, John. 2009. “Music in Plato’s Republic.” Music Journal

44:439–58.

Online Newspaper Article

T: (Orange and Pear 2010)

R: Orange, Sherry, and Ron Pear. 2010. “Wary Centrists Challenge

Health Care Reform.” Chicago Tribune, January 7. Accessed

January 8, 2010.

http://www.tribune.com/2010/01/07/us/politics/health.html.

Musical Materials

Sound Recordings - Are discussed on page 765, please consult the manual! The elements are presented in the following order: Composer, Title of recording, with Performer's name, Manufacturer/Label, Label number, copyright and/or production dates, and format (CD, LP, MP3 file).