Maria Plaza units out to investigate the functionality of humor within the Roman satirists Horace, Persius, and Juvenal. Her start line is that satire is pushed through explanations, that are to a undeniable quantity adverse: to demonstrate humor, and to advertise a significant ethical message. She argues that, whereas the Roman satirist wishes humor for his work's aesthetic benefit, his proposed message suffers from the ambivalence that humor brings with it.

The 15th century defies consensus on basic matters; so much students agree, besides the fact that, that the interval outgrew the center a long time, that it used to be a time of transition and a passage to trendy instances. Fifteenth-Century reviews treats varied points of the interval, together with liberal and nice arts, historiography, drugs, and faith.

Within the most modern Sappho Anton Bierl and André Lardinois have edited 21 papers of world-renowned Sappho students facing the recent papyrus fragments of Sappho that have been released in 2014. This set of papyrus fragments, the best locate of Sappho fragments because the starting of the twentieth century, offers major new readings and additions to 5 formerly recognized songs of Sappho (frs.

16. 1 (370). « 80. 4. 2-5. 3 (476). s Gren, op. cit. 126 and D. R. Wilson, 'Two Milestones from Pontus', Anatolian Studies 10 (i960), 133, especially p. 135. T H E MAN AND H I S CAREER 25 hand, there is not the slightest indication that he at any time fell into disgrace. While he makes certain criticisms of Severus' conduct in the early years,1 it would be rash to assume that he expressed them publicly while Severus was alive ; if he had, he would hardly have remained, as he did, the amicus of Severus and his son.

8 Hopeless uncertainties prevail in the field of source-criticism. Even where a historian quotes a writer by name it is not certain that he had read him, for the name could have come from an intermediate source. No two historians covering the same period could fail to record some of the same facts, but what a historian 1 There is no modern bibliography of work directly concerned with Dio. For the older literature see the 'Jahresberichte' by H. Haupt in Philologus 39-41 (1880-2), 43-44 (1884-5), Boissevain, vol.

322-3. 4 See Avenarius, op. cit. 85 f. 5 See especially Chapter V and Appendixes III and IV. 6 See pp. 78 f. 811336 D 34 THE C O M P O S I T I O N OF THE HISTORY The Use of Sources Quellenforschung makes up the vast majority of the literature on Dio,1 but has hardly led to satisfactory results. It is difficult to see what, if anything, is proved by the retailing of the same fact by two ancient historians. It certainly does not prove that the later read the earlier one ; nor does the fact that a later historian gives a different version of an event prove that he had not read his predecessor.