General Awareness

Rural Vs Urban India

The Indian society is broadly divided into two- rural and urban India. This divide is not based on religion, caste, language etc but is based on living standards of the two societies. Since independence various governments have laid more emphasis on urbanization by introducing industrialization and urban infrastructure. But rural area was almost always overlooked in the same context. This led to a vast gap between the living standards of rural and urban India.

Acute electricity supply, poor roads, poor transport service, poor infrastructure- this projects a clear image of rural India. Most of the land in rural India is used for agriculture. On the other side the urban India has convenient electricity supply, good roads, satisfying transport services and excellent infrastructure. The matter of concern is that where in the rest of the world rural areas are decreasing as they are being urbanized; rural India is almost at the same status where it was at the time of or before independence. There had been very few developments in rural India despite the fact that 742,490,639 (72% approx.) people of Indian population lives there as compared to 286,119,689 (28% approx.) people in urban area.

In today’s 21st century technology is omnipresent. The urban India has indeed changed a lot due to technological advancement. Most of the people in urban India work in industries. A lot of people have got their livelihood due to the presence of technology. But the same technology is limited to only agriculture in rural India. Technology is evident in rural India only in machineries of agriculture. The people of rural India are truly opportunists. The only area where they were introduced with technology i.e. agriculture they have excelled. The Green Revolution of India is known to one and all.

As far as education is concerned rural India yet again lies far behind than Urban India. Students have to walk miles to go to the nearby school. And the schools are such that they have shortage of staff and poor infrastructure. On the other hand urban India is flooded with schools both private and public. Students are provided with the good infrastructure and academic atmosphere along with sufficient staff to manage the school.

There are many evil practices like parda pratha, high rate of girl mortality, dowry etc., that are still prevailing in India. There are so many restrictions on girls in rural India. Parents don’t give much importance to the education of their children as they believe that their daughters will have to eventually get married and sons will have to help them out in agriculture and other labour work and hence educating children for many of them is merely waste of money, time and effort.. In contrast there are many people of urban India who are not even aware of whether these evil practices still exist or not.

In urban areas itself there are three societies poor, middle class and rich. Most of the poor are no one else but people who have migrated from rural part to urban in search of jobs involving unskilled labour. These people live and work very hard and get less pay. They usually have to support their huge families too which is dependent on them. Hence even though people migrate from the rural parts to urban, yet in most of the cases the situation doesn’t change as they live in settlements on roadside and at other such places. The rural area only shifts but doesn’t uproot.

There is a vast gap between rural and urban India which is indeed a challenge to the entire nation. Although various governments of India have been introducing many schemes and projects in order to develop the rural India which can not be ignored, yet those efforts seem to have made no significant difference to the condition of rural India. People of rural India truly understand the meaning of dusk- students can’t study conveniently, girls can’t move out of their houses in the evening, men get less wages for hard work, health of older people degrade day by day due to absence of quality hospitals. No one has been able to find a solution to break this vicious circle of misery in rural India and hence it seems as if people living in such parts of India are bound to live a miserable life.

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