SUBSTANCE: composite contains a reactive ceramic phase of triple-substituted calcium phosphate and an organic phase containing polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. The mechanical properties and injectability of said material can be adjusted by varying the concentration of two phases.

EFFECT: preparation of the new injectable composite applicable as a bone filler.

9 cl, 2 tbl

The present invention relates to a new injectable composite material suitable for use as bone substitutes. In particular, the present invention relates to an injectable composite material consisting of two phases: a ceramic phase and a liquid hydrogel.

In orthopedic surgery different biomaterials can be applied in a number of diseases of the skeleton, in which it becomes necessary to replace or additional formation area of the bone tissue, starting from the most common age-related diseases of the bones, such as osteoporosis, bone lesions in case of arthrosis and arthritis, to more serious pathologies, such as sarcoma and bone cysts.

For the development of bone tissue substitute, you must first explore the natural bone tissue. Natural bone is a solid fabric of complex composition consisting of an organic matrix (collagen fibers) and a ceramic frame, complexly organized in a single tertiary structure with anisotropic properties. First of all, the bone plays the role of a supportive and protective frame for soft tissues, and the second is involved in the metabolism of trace elements with blood and other surrounding fluids; examples of such a MIC is elements can serve as calcium and magnesium,
the only tank which in the vertebrate is a bone.

To implement both of the above functions, the bone tissue is constantly replacing and remodeling. These processes are regulated by numerous and complex set of hormonal substances, some of which are actually produced by bone cells.

The mechanical properties of bone can be described using the values of modulus of elasticity, maximum compression and tensile strength. As a General rule for bone compressive strength exceeds the tensile strength and mechanical properties of bone superior to those of cancellous bone.

The literary value of the modulus of elasticity ranges from 50 MPa to 2 GPA for the spongy bone, and from 10 HPa to 22 GPA for bones. Values of compressive strength ranging from 1 MPa to 50 MPa for cancellous bone and from 100 MPa to 220 MPa for bones. These figures are reference values for evaluation of the mechanical properties of bone substitutes. To ensure interoperability mechanical properties of bone substitutes should be close (to the extent possible) to those of natural bone tissue.

The need to use substitutes for bone tissue occurs in fractures to the stay in the case,
if natural recovery processes and bone growth does not occur during the physiological period of time or not happen at all or after surgical removal of the tumor or bone cysts for replacement of tissue removed surgically.

Thus, substitutes for bone tissue must be mechanically stable during a clinically acceptable period of time, and possess properties that are compatible with natural bone tissue, providing stimulation of formation of new tissue. One of the most important and necessary properties of bone substitutes is the ability to stay in contact with natural cloth for an unlimited period of time without requiring surgical removal.

In addition, due to the increasingly wide spread of arthroscopic techniques, there has been increased interest in injectable materials that can be easily introduced into the cavity of bone defects without prior assessment of their form and the linear dimensions or which will be able, if possible, eliminate the need for surgical intervention.

Currently, the most widely used injectable material in orthopedic surgery is polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), the disadvantages of which are significant local Gibert RME hardening of the implant and the development of tissue necrosis,
in contact with the latter.

Ceramic materials or cements based on phosphorus and calcium (ALS) is subject to significant interest in areas related to replacement/implantation of hard mineralized tissues. Such materials are non-toxic and neimenovani as their main components are calcium ions and phosphate ions, which are also natural components of the ceramic phase of bone tissue. One of the most useful properties of cements based on phosphorus and calcium (ALS) is the ability to buy liquid consistency when adding liquid aqueous phase during preparation of the implant. Another useful property of such cements is their ability to harden in the presence of water, used for receiving the implant.

Among all the CDS trehzameshchenny calcium phosphate able to communicate directly with the bone tissue, thus forming a very strong bond in the zone of contact between bone and implant material.

Trehzameshchenny calcium phosphate, as with all cement bone substitutes based on calcium phosphates (SRS), is a porous material, however, its mechanical properties are typical for brittle materials and, thus, significantly different from the mechanical properties of natural bone tissue.

N the past this according to numerous publications in early (from the point of view of solidification) the introduction of pasta,
retrieved from translesanas calcium phosphate (TCP), there is a risk of fracture of the implant in contact with biological fluids, while the late introduction of pasta TCP, it hardens and poorly amenable to further manipulation. The introduction of such pastes with the help of a syringe is often spontaneous phase separation, in which the liquid phase passes through the syringe to fill the cavity, while the solid phase remains in the syringe.

In the patent application WO 02/070029 described the current sample mixture suitable for use as bone substitutes containing porous β-TCP, as well as linking agent selected from the group consisting of common amplificatory, suspendresume agents, thickeners and gelling, binding, dezintegriruetsja and stabilizing agents. Among the binding agents in the aforementioned application highlighted sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid, cellulose and its derivatives, collagen, peptides, mucin, chondroitin sulfate, etc.

Hydrogels are materials that are well knownper sethat over the last decade have been the focus of interest in the field of medical and scientific research, especially in applied biomedical research. Typical su the stations lattice structure,
representing a cross-linked (physically or chemically) polymer fiber, allows the hydrogels to absorb and retain significant amounts of liquids, for example water or biological fluids, while not dissolving. Significant water content of the hydrogels leads to the fact that the surface tension at the phase boundary hydrogel-biological liquid is extremely small. This is an important property together with the permeability of hydrogels for small molecules such as metabolites and nutrients, making them particularly similar to biological tissues.

However, poor mechanical properties of hydrogels are the disadvantage of greatly limiting their potential use as materials for artificial implants.

The authors of the present invention have found that the combination of hydrogel of polyvinyl alcohol and translesanas calcium phosphate (TCP) as the ceramic phase may be used to obtain a composite material with an unexpectedly optimal mechanical properties similar to those of natural bone tissue. The obtained composite material is also characterized by improved ineterest compared to TCP as a single component.

Thus, one aspect of the present invention is injecion the first composite material,
which among other things can be used as bone substitutes containing trehzameshchenny calcium phosphate as a ceramic phase and a hydrogel of polyvinyl alcohol as the liquid phase.

A composite material according to the present invention has mechanical properties very similar to those of natural bone tissue. This material is also characterized by improved ineterest and, consequently, greater ease of injection compared to the common cements based translesanas calcium phosphate.

Injectable composite material according to the present invention receive according to the following Protocol:

An aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) of a given concentration of preferably from 2% to 30% by weight, more preferably from 10% to 20% by weight was mixed with powder translesanas calcium phosphate, preferably α-translesanas calcium phosphate, resulting in the obtained paste-like material, suitable for introduction into the cavity of bone defects, where the resulting material can harden in the presence of water in the material and the environment.

Preferably the mass ratio (weight/weight) of polyvinyl alcohol to trehzameshchenny the calcium phosphate in the injectable composite material is according the present invention is from 3/97 to 20/80.

Mechanical properties

To study the mechanical properties and ineterest composite material according to the present invention were obtained aqueous PVA solutions of different concentrations (10%, 17% and 20% by weight). These solutions were obtained by mixing the powdered polymer with water at 100°C for 20 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the polymer solutions were mixed with a powder of α-TCP, resulting in received three different compositions with the mass ratio (weight/weight) of α-TCP/PVA 93/7, 88/12 and 86/14.

To study the mechanical properties of the compositions of the paste composite materials obtained by the above Protocol was introduced in a Teflon discs with a suitable geometry that during the next 4 days were passed in aqueous solution NaH2PO4(to 2.5% by weight) at 37°C to ensure curing of the compositions.

In table 1 the results of the tests in compression (ASTM D695) demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the composite material (α-TCP/PVA) can be adjusted by using different mass ratios of polymer and inorganic phases. In particular, some compositions exhibit mechanical properties that exceed those for calcium phosphate as the sole component. Indeed the maximum value of the compressive strength σmax
for composite polymer phase which is up to 7% by weight (composite material 93/7), is 25±5 MPa compared to 21±3 MPa for α-TCP as a single component. Similarly, the value of the modulus of elasticity E for such a composite is 1.2 GPA, compared to 0.8 GPA α-TCP as a single component. It was also found a slight increase in the values of the maximum strain εmax, i.e. the values of the deformation corresponding to the maximum value of compressive strength (0,02±0,01 mm/mm for α-TCP as the sole component of 0.03±0.01 mm/mm for the composite according to the present invention), and a significant increase in the values of the ultimate strain εu, i.e. the values of the deformation corresponding to the break point (0,06±0.01 mm/mm for α-TCP as a single component, and 0.09±0.01 mm/mm for the composite according to the present invention). From a practical point of view, the results indicate greater (compared to cement) the ability of the composite material according to the present invention to deformation up to fracture. The data obtained can be interpreted in terms of durability, which can be calculated as the area under the mechanical curve, numerical maximum for which the composite material according to the present invention (2,1 MPa) three times okovoi α-TCP as a single component (0.7 MPa).

From the data shown in table 1, clearly shows that the composite materials containing more than 7% PVA by weight, illustrate the values of compressive strength and modulus of elasticity less than or equal to those for the original cement (α-TCP as a single component). Indeed the values of σmaxreduced to 17±1 MPa for the composite of α-TCP/PVA 88/12 and even up to 14±3 MPa for the composite of α-TCP/PVA 86/14, while the values of the modulus of elasticity is virtually unchanged. At the same time, the values of the maximum strain εmaxincrease to 0.04±0.01 mm/mm for the composite 88/12 and 0.05±0.01 mm/mm for the composite 86/14. The values of the ultimate strain εuamount of 0.08±0.01 mm/mm for the composite 88/12, which is only slightly different from the values for the composite 93/7, while εufor composite 86/14 increased very significantly and is to 0.11±0.01 mm/mm as a result of increasing values of two deformation indices values of strength for composites 88/12 (T = 1.1 MPa) and 86/14 (T = 1.0 MPa) greater than those for cement (α-TCP as a single component).

Based on comparison of values obtained in the above-described mechanical tests and previously published in respect of natural fabrics, it can be concluded that the mechanical properties of injectable bone substitutes according to the present invention correspond to the range of the Onam values,
typical tissue spongy bone.

Ineterest

To study the applicability of the composite material according to the present invention and to compare it with the common cements based on calcium phosphate was introduced experimental setting ineterest", i.e. the mass percentage of material that can be extruded from a syringe.

Ineterest can be calculated according to the following formula: %I = We/Wi. To determine ineterest were used syringes filled with a specified number of the studied material (Wi), to the piston which was further applied compressive force using a torque device, in which the rate of descent of the cross struts was 15 mm/min and the applied force is about 100 N. After weighing the components were mixed with each other to achieve a composite paste-like consistency, then the obtained paste was filled in a syringe, which was then placed in a suitable tripod. The above procedure can be completed in 60-90 seconds. After filling the syringe started the countdown test. After completion of the experiment, the extruded material was weighed (We), and the target parameter was calculated using the above formula.

The data are shown in table 2, indicate that in the context of the practical application of the material, the addition of PVA hydrogel provides the obtained material advantages.
The first significant positive effect is that the paste has the best consistency for extrusion through a syringe, and in the process of extrusion does not occur phase separation, as is sometimes the case when using α-TCP as a single component. The second important advantage is acceptable to the medical professional the length of time before solidification of the composite material, within which the material may be administered to the patient (1 hour). The increase in the time quite significantly (see table 2) compared to α-TCP as a single component, in which 91% is contained in the syringe material remains in the syringe and may not be introduced after 6 minutes.

From a more General point of view, the advantage of using a PVA hydrogel in the same composite with trehzameshchenny calcium phosphate is that contained in the hydrogel water slowly and fully released in the ceramic phase, which leads to uniform crystallization and, consequently, the final hardening of the composite even in the absence of exogenous water environment. In addition, during the solidification of the injectable composite material was not observed any significant increase in temperature.

Injectable composite material according to the present izaberete the Oia may also contain bioactive agent (i.e.
the agent that has biological activity), for example, selected from the group consisting of drugs, cells, growth factors, etc. that may be contained in the form intended for controlled release during introduction of the material.

Table 1Mechanical properties under compression

Material

E (GPA)

σmax(MPa)

εmax(mm/mm)

εu(mm/mm)

T (MPa)

100%α-TCP

0,8±0,2

21±3

0,02±0,01

0,06±0,01

0,7

PVA + 93%α-TCP

1,2±0,1

25±5

0,03±0,01

0,09±0,01

2,1

PVA + 88%α-TCP

0,7±0,3

17±1

0,04±0,01

0,08±0,02

1,1

PVA + 86%α-TCP

0,9±0,1

14±3

0,05±0,01

0,11±0,02

1,0

Table 2Ineterest

Solid phase

The liquid phase

Timeout (min)

%I

α-TCP

Water + 2,5% by weight NaH2PO4

2

44,2%

α-TCP

Water + 2,5% by weight NaH2PO4

3

30,9%

α-TCP

Water + 2,5% by weight NaH2PO4

5

18,8%

α-TCP

Water + 2,5% by weight NaH2PO4

6

9%

α-TCP

The PVA solution (10 mass%)

7

100%

α-TCP

The PVA solution (10 mass%)

20

100%

α-TCP

The PVA solution (10 mass%)

40

100%

α-TCP

The PVA solution (10 mass%)

60

95.6%of

1. Injectable composite material suitable for use as bone substitutes consisting of translesanas calcium phosphate as a ceramic phase and a hydrogel of polyvinyl alcohol as the liquid phase.

2. Injectable composite material according to claim 1, in which the hydrogel of polyvinyl alcohol as the liquid phase is a 2-30% (by weight) aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol.

3. Injectable composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 2, in which the mass (weight/weight) ratio of the polymer of polyvinyl alcohol/trehzameshchenny calcium phosphate is from 3/97 to 20/80.

4. Injectable composite material according to claim 3, in which the mass (weight/weight) ratio of the polymer of polyvinyl alcohol/trehzameshchenny calcium phosphate is 7/93.

5. Injectable composite material according to claim 3, in which the mass (weight/weight) ratio of the polymer of polyvinyl alcohol/trehzameshchenny calcium phosphate is 12/88.

6. Injectable composite material according to claim 3, in which the mass (weight/weight) ratio of the polymer polyvinyl JV the mouth/trehzameshchenny calcium phosphate is 14/86.

7. Injectable composite material suitable for use as bone substitutes consisting of translesanas calcium phosphate as a ceramic phase and a hydrogel of polyvinyl alcohol as the liquid phase, optionally containing drug as a bioactive agent.

8. The use of injectable composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to obtain the drug, suitable for use as bone substitutes.

9. The method of obtaining injectable composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising preparing an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and then mixing the resulting solution with powder translesanas calcium phosphate.

SUBSTANCE: connecting element (10) is described, in particular a suture material for surgical application, which contains the first material (12) which is substantially rigid when its opposite sides are affected with respectively short-term tensile load, and the second material (11) connected with first material. The second material is substantially rigid when its opposite sides are affected with tensile load, and is made with the ability for slow shortening during the second period of time, longer than the first period of time.

EFFECT: connecting element shrinks over long periods of time and is rigid at short-term fast-increasing loads.

SUBSTANCE: there are described new materials and methods for preparing a titanium dioxide coatings for osteointegrated biomedical prostheses. The invention also refers to an endosseous implant containing biologically compatible metal materials; characterised by the fact that specified implant has a coating containing a nanocrystalline material, containing nanoparticles of formula (I) AOx-(L-Men+)j; (I) where AOx represents TiO2 or ZrO2; Men+ represents metal ion exhibiting antibacterial activity, with n=1 or 2; L represents a bifunctional organic molecule which can simultaneously contact metal oxide and with metal ion Men+; and i represents a number of L-Men+ groups fixed to one AOx nanoparticle.

EFFECT: coatings are formed by nanomaterials exhibiting antibacterial properties and provide osteointegration of implants and, at the same time, reduce rejection peculiar to inflammatory processes caused by infections which can develop next to implants.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to the field of polymer chemistry and medicine, namely to method for obtaining thromboresistant polymer materials which have widespread application in medical industry for manufacturing workpieces on blood contact, for example blood-vessels prostheses, parts of bioartificial organs implanted into living body, bloodlines for artificial blood-circulation apparatus, storages for storage and blood transfusion etc. Method for obtaining thromboresistant polymer materials implies mixture polymer with extender, and is inert to blood coagulation water-soluble compounds in amounts of 0.3-3.5 wt % used as extender.

EFFECT: invention enables to produce thromboresistant polymer materials with lowered tendency to adhesion of platelets and lowered ability to formation of fibrinous thrombs on the surface of material in the absence of influence of whole blood coagulation system, as evidenced by increase of buildup time of fibrinous clod from 60-80 seconds to 110-240 seconds.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of medicine, namely to cardio-vascular surgery, and can be used in manufacturing bioprostheses intended for heart valve prosthetics. Essence of invention lies in the following: after conservation with epoxy compound, such as 2-5% solution of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, during 2-21 days biomaterial is washed in 0.9% sodium chloride solution and treated with 0.05-1.0% solution of 3-amino-1-oxypropylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (DP), prepared on phosphate buffer pH 4.0-8.0. Treatment is carried out at temperature 5-40°C. After treatment biomaterial is washed from non-bound DP and placed into sterilising solution for storage. Application of DP as anticalcium agent gives epoxy-treated biomaterial additional resistance to calcification.

EFFECT: invention ensures increase of treatment efficiency due to reduction of calcium-binding activity of biological prostheses for cardio-vascular surgery.

SUBSTANCE: invention claims biosynthetic implant including semipermeable barrier for maintenance or prevention of diffusion of predefined substances/materials/cells/cell lines formed in human organism from one to the other barrier side, and for maintenance or prevention of diffusion of the same or different predefined substances/materials/cells/cell lines from the other side to the first side. Semipermeable barrier has bioactive surface coating at least one side, e.g. titanium coating, enabling indicated diffusion. Method of connective tissue forming/growth risk reduction for implantation involves implant with semipermeable barrier featuring permeable bioactive material coating at least one side. For example, implant can be applied in biosynthetic pancreas.

SUBSTANCE: described are implants based on biodegradable thixotropic compound with pseudo-plastic properties and implant injected under skin or into skin in fibrous tissue. Containing microparticles of at least one biocompatible ceramic compound in suspension, in at least one liquid carrier containing at least one compound based hyaluronic acid and at least one biodegradable thixotropic compound with pseudo-plastic properties. Also disclosed is kit for preparation such implants directly before application, as well as implant production and using for filling of crinkles, and/or skin cavity, and/or cicatrices.

SUBSTANCE: false hair is made from titanium nickelide-based biologically inert alloy in the form of threads bearing on their middle part, serving as intracutaneous portion, surface layer of porous permeable titanium nickelide-based alloy. Each individual hair is implanted by sticking followed by closely located extraction and traction to location of porous layer un skin and under skin toward aponeurosis.

SUBSTANCE: device has metal, non-metal or ceramic body coated with active ingredients set usable for producing bones or has the ingredient set as a component. The active ingredients set has at least one structural ingredient based on extracellular substance, at least one ingredient for promoting cell migration, at least one ingredient as adhesive agent and at least one ingredient for supporting growth or maturation. Hollow metal body is shaped as cylinder of lattice structure and preferentially manufactured from titanium or titanium alloy.

EFFECT: high mechanical stability when preserving high active ingredient effectiveness; no adverse immune side responses.

SUBSTANCE: device has a set of active ingredients. At least one structural ingredient based on extracellular substance, minimum one ingredient providing cell migration, minimum one adhesive ingredient, minimum one ingredient providing growth or maturation are used for producing the implantable prosthesis. External endoprosthesis surface is minimum partially coated with a set of active ingredients. The endoprosthesis has also minimum one internal cavity filled with a set of active ingredients.

SUBSTANCE: implant consists of two bars and coupling. Bar with bearing bone thread on one end, on end with metric thread has coaxial hexahedral opening for butt-end spanner and through axial opening for guide pin, which opens in hexahedral opening. Second bar, with conically narrowing and sharpened end, and end with metric thread, has longitudinal semi-circular gaps on lateral surface of conically narrowing and sharpened end. Opposite ends with metric thread of bars are connected by coupling.

EFFECT: invention ensures substitution of considerable defect of distal part of radial bone with simultaneous arthrodesis in wrist joint.

SUBSTANCE: percutaneous prosthesis comprises a first component profiled to be implanted in a bone, a second component designed to be placed between the bone and skin, and a third component adapted designed to be placed outside on the skin surface. A surface of the second component processed for fibroblast proliferation stimulation and epitheliocyte attachment is specified in the group consisting of a porous surface or a mictopit surface wherein the micropits have a size of about 20 to 500 microns, and having an external coating of a material chosen from hydrated calcium phosphate, promoting adhesion of proteins and alumina ceramics. The third component is passable directly outside or through skin and has an external surface having a non-adherent material and thereby having low surface energy for bacteria adhesion prevention.

EFFECT: invention provides transosseous load transmission, which means that a patient is able to apply much more force to a prosthesis, ensured more natural motion and motion perception in view of the bone attachment, besides, since the skin is not involved in load transmission between the bone and an external part of the prosthesis, there is no pressure upon the skin surface that otherwise could cause inflammation and discomfort.

SUBSTANCE: acellular transplant is described comprising (i) a connected skeletal matrix with openness of pores of biologically and pharmaceutically usable material and (ii) human serum. In accordance with a particularly preferred embodiment, the matrix also contains a gel. Also the method of manufacturing such acellular transplant is described when the matrix and the gel contact with human blood serum. If necessary, the transplant and the serum can be dried. Alternatively, the matrix and the gel can be presented in a dry form prior to contacting. Use of acellular transplant for regeneration of tissues and in particular for regeneration of cartilage and/or bones is also described.

EFFECT: transplant is easy to manufacture, long stored and easy to use.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of medicine and may be used to execute reconstructive operation on restoration of defects in alveolar bone of upper jaw and alveolar part of lower jaw. Method is proposed for production of transplant for reconstruction of alveolar defect, including access to areas of shinbone, taking of bone tissue from it, at the same time arched cut is executed along anteromedial surface of shin by 5-6 cm in a distal direction relative to joint surface of shinbone with length of 5-8 cm, tissues are dissected in layers, by means of circ microsaw and chisel, cortical plate with thickness of 0.3-0.4 cm is taken in distal direction relative to area of fixation of own ligament of patella to medial surface of shinbone. Invention provides for production of transplant for restoration of defect of alveolar section with high density of bone tissue, making it possible to further simplify subsequent implantation, to increase its stability, to reduce postoperational painfulness by reduction in duration of postoperational functional abnormalities. Proposed methodology does not lead to complications such as compression fractures of condyles in area of transplant taking. Bone tissue in area of taking is fully restored.

EFFECT: method makes it possible to administer treatment in the outpatient setting or in day patient facility, which reduces cost of treatment.

SUBSTANCE: there are described new materials and methods for preparing a titanium dioxide coatings for osteointegrated biomedical prostheses. The invention also refers to an endosseous implant containing biologically compatible metal materials; characterised by the fact that specified implant has a coating containing a nanocrystalline material, containing nanoparticles of formula (I) AOx-(L-Men+)j; (I) where AOx represents TiO2 or ZrO2; Men+ represents metal ion exhibiting antibacterial activity, with n=1 or 2; L represents a bifunctional organic molecule which can simultaneously contact metal oxide and with metal ion Men+; and i represents a number of L-Men+ groups fixed to one AOx nanoparticle.

EFFECT: coatings are formed by nanomaterials exhibiting antibacterial properties and provide osteointegration of implants and, at the same time, reduce rejection peculiar to inflammatory processes caused by infections which can develop next to implants.

SUBSTANCE: there is described a method for making a biodegradable ceramic composite of double potassium calcium phosphate that involves preparation of a initial powder containing calcium phosphate with the ratio Ca/P=1 and potassium salt; extrusion and burning, wherein according to the invention, the initial powder is formed by the reaction at pH 5.5-6.0 of aqueous solutions of calcium acetate and potassium hydrophosphate concentrated within 0.6-0.8 M. The powder after the synthesis represents mixed calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite, brushite and acid potassium acetate.

EFFECT: use of said mixture after burning allows making the biodegradable ceramic composite exhibiting the uniform microstructure with the size of grains 2-4 mcm, of double potassium calcium phosphate Ca10K(PO4)7, containing TCP phase.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, more specifically to the method of preparing a prion-free bone graft substitute made of bovine bone, involving preparation of a bovine bone powder with sodium hypochlorhide and its heat treatment at 600 °-1000° C.

EFFECT: invention provides the bone graft substitute not causing the immune response, having high bone conduction, and also eliminating risk of infection with a spongy bovine encephalopathy.

SUBSTANCE: implant comprises an attachment to a human or animal living biological tissue. The implant has an external surface containing the first part and the second part which have different properties in relation to biocompatibility of each part with a biological tissue. The implant contains at least one surface patch containing a base surface forming said first part, and one or more limited areas forming said second part, and said one or more limited areas consist of a set of the limited zones more than five in number. The method for making said implant starts with equipping the implant with a perforated covering device, and applying said one or more limited areas outside of the covering device in the form of deposited layer so that notches in the covering device limit said second part of the surface. The method for making said implant starts with coating the implant and equipping it with the perforated covering device, and removing said coating from the notch zones of the covering device to provide said one or more limited areas. The covering device is designed to be used in the methods described above. An element of the implant contains comprises an attachment to a human or animal living biological tissue, herewith the implant has the external surface containing at least one surface area with a topographically modified surface. The attachment is supplied with at least one thread; the surface area is located in a profile valley of said at least one thread, and relief processed by making a number of recesses. Said recesses follow each other along the longitudinal length of the profile valley of said at least one thread. The method for making said element of the implant consists that laser generates said surface topography.

EFFECT: invention enables the implant to be adapted to interact with the biological tissue so making the implant with the surface possessing bioactive properties which thus interacts with the surrounding tissue and is simultaneously characterised by the sufficiently documented long-term actions.