Dynamic Positioning: Theory & Practices (eBook)

$122.91

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This book provides a solid foundation on the use of dynamic positioning systems, covering the theory, system components, operational application and practical advice. It is designed to supplement DP system user manuals and to enhance safety of DP planning and use. This includes the latest text from the most recent IMO meeting which is MSC 98

Dynamic positioning is a complex subject with a wide range of systems and applications. This book comprehensively explains DP principles and procedures for all users, reinforcing the theory throughout with full-colour illustrations and photographs.

The publication is divided into the following sections:

The Theory of Dynamic Positioning

This section describes the components and controls of a DP system and illustrates different system layouts and configurations. It looks in detail at position measurement, position keeping, system tests, Class requirements and the functions available to the DP operator. It also describes planning of a DP operation, including risk assessment, operational considerations, safety features and contingency plans.

This section looks at the trials and checks that are required to ensure compliance with standards and guidelines. It describes processes for identifying critical single point failures, so that they can be eliminated or minimised at an early stage. It also describes common failures and emergencies, using case studies to illustrate how they may be avoided.

Roles of DP Vessels

This section explains the principles and procedures of dynamic positioning in a number of applications, including diving, offshore drilling, ROV support, pipe and cable lay, anchor handling, heavy lifts, FPSOs, shuttle tankers, dredging and rock dumping. It identifies critical stages in these operations together with the applicable DP functions.

About the Author

Introduction

Acknowledgments

Part I – Theory of Dynamic Positioning

1. Offshore Environment

1.1 Development of Dynamic Positioning (DP)

1.2 Offshore Structures

1.3 Types of DP Vessels

2. Components of a DP System

2.1 Definitions .

2.2 Components of a Dynamic Positioning System

2.2.1 The Vessel Model

2.2.2 Thrusters

2.2.3 Controller

2.2.4 Position Reference System (PRS)

2.2.5 Sensors

2.2.6 Power System

2.2.7 Human Machine Interface (HMI)

2.3 Operational Modes

2.3.1 Independent Joystick Control System (IJS)

2.3.2 Centre of Rotation

3. DP System Architecture

3.1 Concept of Redundancy and Equipment Classes

3.1.1 Worst-Case Failure Design Intent and Worst-Case Failure

3.1.2 Redundancy

3.1.3 Equipment Classes

3.2 Integrated Vessel Management System

3.3 Thruster Configuration

3.4 Cables and Piping Systems

3.5 Isolation from Other Systems

3.6 Emergency Shutdown (ESD)

4. Position Measurement

4.1 Measurement of Vessel's Position

4.2 System Settings

4.3 Signal Processing and PRS Tests

4.3.1 Freeze Test

4.3.2 Variance Test and Weighting

4.3.3 Prediction Test

4.3.4 Divergence Test

4.3.5 Median Test

4.3.6 Example of PRS Weighting

4.4 Common Factor Failure

4.5 Position Coordinate System

5. Principles of Dynamic Positioning

5.1 Methods of Positioning

5.2 The Model

5.2.1 Motion Model of Vessel

5.2.2 Kalman Filter and Model

5.2.3 Example of Model Update.

5.3 Error Compensation Force

5.4 Power Overload Control

5.5 Dynamic Positioning Process

5.5.1 DP System Control Loop

5.5.2 Quick Current (Fast Learn)

5.5.3 Gain Control

5.5.4 Model Control

5.6 Modelling Errors

5.6.1 Thruster Demand/Feedback Error

5.6.2 Wind Sensor Error

5.6.3 Wave Drift Forces

5.6.4 Wind Shadow

6. Position Keeping Capability

6.1 DP Capability

6.2 DP Footprint Plots

6.3 Consequence Analysis

6.4 DP Capability Plot

6.4.1 Most Loaded Thruster

6.5 Drift-off Calculations

7. Power System

7.1 Components of Power System

7.2 Propulsion Systems

7.3 Power Generation

7.4 Switchboards

7.5 Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS)

7.6 Alternative Energy Storage
7.7 Power Management System
7.7.1 Scope of a Power Management System

Capt Shukla is a post-graduate of the Defence Services Staff College, Wellington. In his previous career with the Indian Navy from 1976 to 1999, he held various sea appointments and faculty positions at the School for Maritime Warfare and Tactics, the Gunnery School and the Centre for Leadership and Behavioural Studies (C-LABS), and commanded the anti-submarine frigate INS ‘Dunagiri’.

He has been an active proponent at various international forums for improving competence and safety in DP operations.