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Do you think when making a film that this drug could be something that an audience could understand? I feel this would work well but I want to make sure that viewers can understand what the character is taking.

I think it could. Audiences are used to the way drugs are portrayed as being over the top and such by now, this wouldn't be much of a stretch. Could be as simple as including a scene much like what you're doing now; have your character talk to an old hippy or post to a drugs message board asking for advice on what to take, and the answer is sinicuichi.

edit: ayahuasca isn't a bad choice either, and one some people may be familiar with. But ayahuasca is a pretty balls to the wall experience, and although it can be introspective and past recalling type hallucinations like you want, its just intense in general and you don't really have good control over the visions you get.