Fibonacci number

A Fibonacci spiral created by drawing a line through the squares in the Fibonacci tiling; this one uses squares of sizes 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, and 34; see Golden spiral

The Fibonacci numbers are a sequence of numbers in mathematics named after Leonardo of Pisa, known as Fibonacci. Fibonacci wrote a book in 1202, called Liber Abaci ("Book of Calculation"), which introduced the number pattern to Western European mathematics, although mathematicians in India already knew about it.[1][2]

The first number of the pattern is 0, the second number is 1, and each number after that is equal to adding the two numbers right before it together. For example 0+1=1 and 3+5=8. This sequence goes on forever.

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Sunflower head displaying florets in spirals of 34 and 55 around the outside

Fibonacci numbers are related to the golden ratio, which shows up in many places in buildings and in nature.[3] Some examples are the pattern of leaves on a stem, the parts of a pineapple,[4] the flowering of artichoke, the uncurling of a fern and the arrangement of a pine cone.[5] The Fibonacci numbers are also found in the family tree of honeybees.[6][7]