Abstract:The bringing human populations to cities and increasing urban living and creation of quick human progress in agriculture and industry have caused a lot of pollution. One of the main concerns that exist today is the identification and elimination of environmental pollution. The environmental pollution through heavy metals has become one of the biggest issues facing human societies today. There are several methods to identify such contaminations, but the use of nanobiosensors is the best method. Biosensors are divided to different types according to how the signals are transmitted, such as optical, magnetic, etc. In addition, nanobiosensors identify biologically pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and the like with high accuracy and sensitivity. In addition to identifying heavy metals and environmental contaminants, nanobiosensors have replaced time-consuming and expensive methods. The yeast biosensors are a good example of these biosensors. Considering all the results and activities carried out, designing and researching on the construction of new nanosensors, monitoring and caring for more human activities can have desirable results.