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2 Application Context multiple objectives that cannot be put under a single measure; e.g., distribution: cost and time as a single objective function problem if time can be converted into cost supply chain: customer service and inventory cost

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10 Example 10-5 Product Selection to expand the product line by adding one of the following: microwave ovens, refrigerators, and stoves decision criteria manufacturing capability/cost market demand profit margin long-term profitability/growth transportation costs useful life assigning weights to the criteria and ratings to the three alternatives for each criterion maximizing the total score

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19 Goal Programming GP: priority + goal priority of the goals (i.e., of the criteria) (saving) money is most important: B (shortest) distance is most important: A (best) food is the most important: A home (2, $$$) (7, $) (4, $$) A B C

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20 Goal Programming a goal an objective with a desirable quantity no good to be over and under this quantity goal v ( ) over u ( ) under

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24 General Idea of Goal Programming a goal program parts like a linear program with decisions variables with hard constraints parts unlike a linear program with soft constraints expressed as goals to be achieved co-existence of constraints such as x 1 10 and x 1 7 in a GP if they are soft constraints with the objective function in LP replaced by the priorities of goals in GP