The island of Crete has attracted the interest of the scientific community for many years. In 1960, health and nutrition scientists established the standard for the Mediterranean diet, which has been the subject of intensive scientific research in recent years. If we wanted to summarize the Cretan diet since the 1960s, we could say that their diet was based mainly on food from vegetable sources, while foods from animal sources were much rarer. The results of studies indicate that people who adopt this dietary standard present a reduced risk of developing various chronic diseases, while numerous health indexes appear greatly improved in these people.