CLOUD COMPUTING : A Cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting of a collection of inter- connected and virtualized computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements established through negotiation between the service provider and consumers.

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THE FRAMEWORK OF CLOUD COMPUTING :

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DEPLOYMENT MODELS Private cloud: The cloud infrastructure is operated solely for an organization. It may be managed by the organization or a third party and may exist on premise or off premise. Community cloud: The cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and supports a specific community that has shared concerns (e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance considerations). It may be managed by the organizations or a third party and may exist on premise or off premise. Public cloud: The cloud infrastructure is made available to the general public or a large industry group and is owned by an organization selling cloud services. Hybrid cloud: The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more clouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting for load-balancing between clouds).

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SERVICE MODELS : SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE eg : RACKSPACE MOSSO, WEB FUSION PLATFORM AS A SERVICE eg : GOOGLE APP ENGINE, MICROSOFT INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE eg : AMAZON EC2

WORKFLOW : The automation of a business process, in whole or part, during which documents, information or tasks are passed from one participant to another for action, according to a set of procedural rules. Its operational aspects are : how tasks are structured, who performs them what their relative order is how they are synchronized how information flows to support the tasks how tasks are being tracked

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Example of workflow : Design Phase of GMAIL CALENDER :

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WORKFLOW LIFECYCLE : DESIGN INTEGRATE

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DEPLOY MANAGE OPTIMIZE

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WORKFLOW MANAGEMENT SYSTEM : It establishes a software infrastructure for the automated support and execution of buisness processes through workflow instances. It provides the end user with the required data and the appropriate application program for their tasks. A WFMS is aware of changes since a user has to use WFMS functionality to make the change to the current workflow instance if possible with the given WFMS. It assign tasks to end-user based only on the fulfillment of constraints like control flow, data flow, transition conditions or pre- and post-conditions. WMS systems manage and coordinate several independent subtasks. The coordination problems get even more serious when the subtasks are performed on separate systems.

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ARCHITECTURE OF WORKFLOW MANAGEMENT SYSTEM :

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Its interfaces are : Workflow Engine : A software service that provides the run-time environment in order to create, manage and execute workflow instances. Process Definition : The representation of a workflow process in a form which supports automated manipulation. Workflow Interoperability : Interfaces to support interoperability between different workflow systems. Invoked Applications : Interfaces to support interaction with a variety of IT applications. Workflow Client Applications : Interfaces to support interaction with the user interface. Administration and Monitoring : Interfaces to provide system monitoring and metric functions to facilitate the management of composite workflow application environments.

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WORKFLOW SCHEDULING : One of the issue in workflow management. maps and manages the execution of inter-dependent tasks on the distributed resources. It allocates suitable resources to workflow tasks such that the execution can be completed to satisfy objective functions imposed by users. Proper scheduling can have significant impact on the performance of the system. TYPES OF WORKFLOW SCHEDULING : Best Effort Based Quality Of Service Based

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TOOLS FOR WORKFLOW SCHEDLING : 1. The Xen Cloud Platform (XCP) manages storage, VMs and the network in a cloud. XCP does not provide the overall cloud architecture, but rather focuses on configuration and maintenance of clouds. It also enables external tools, including Eucalyptus and OpenNebula.

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ARCHITECTURE OF XCP :

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EUCALYPTUS : The Eucalyptus architecture foresees two different user classes: administrators and client. The former are the users that manage the entire cloud, having access to all features of Eucalyptus. The latter are the final users that can request and make use of VM instances directly from Eucalyptus, without the need for administrators intervention.

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ARCHITECTURE OF EUCALYPTUS :

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OPEN NEBULA : A flexible tool that orchestrate storage, network and virtualization technologies to enable the dynamic placement of services on distributed infrastructures. A number of communities are actively using OpenNebula. Some of these are: the European Space Astronomy Centre and the European Organization for Nuclear Research.

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ARCHITECTURE OF OPEN NEBULLA :

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CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE : The primary conclusion after my survey on WORKFLOW IN CLOUD COMPUTING: after going through the concept, merits and challenges of cloud computing, operational aspect and lifecycle of workflow is being discussed. Based on it, workflow on Gmail Calendar, which is application of Google app, is designed. At the same time, workflow management system is thrash out, which basically controls activities defined in workflow and responsible for their execution step-by-step. It make use of user interface, the core and the plug-ins. Finally, various tools for the workflow have been explored and a comparison is done among them. comparison between various types of workflow scheduling algorithms for cloud computing deployment of workflow designed for Gmail calendar on GOOGLE APP s