The purpose of this study was to determine the hematological values of fourteen free life capybaras captured in three cities of São Paulo State, Brazil (Campinas, Monte Alegre do Sul and São João da Boa Vista). Blood samples were obtained with the animals anesthetized through association of 2% xilazine chloridrate and 1% ketamine chloridrate, in the doses of 4.5mg/kg/pv and 5.0mg/kg/pv respectively. The blood was collected using tubes containing EDTA. To determine the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes was used the traditional methodology of the Neubauer chamber. The hematocrit was determined by the microhematocrit method and the hemoglobin by the cianometahemoglobin. For leukocyte differential count the Shilling's method was used. The hematimetric (MCV, MCH and MCHC) indexes were determined with the values found in the red serie. The results were: erythrocytes: 4.5 x106/ml ± 0.2; hemoglobin: 13.5g/dl ± 0.7; hematocrit: 40.4% ± 2; MCV: 90.2fl ± 0.9; MCH: 30.1pg ± 0.7; MCHC: 33.3g/dl ± 1. In the leukocytes series: 5.3 x103/ml ± 2; band neutrophil:1 % ± 2.1; segmenter: 36.6 %± 19.9; eosinophils: 3.5% ± 11.7; basophiles: 0%; lymphocytes: 58.8% ± 19.6; monocytes: 1.5% ± 2.1. Myelocytes and metamyelocytes were not found.