Zahiruddin Muhammad Babar (1483-1530) founded the Mughal dynasty of India. His tomb was built in 1650 by Emperor Shahjahan. Atkinson wrote: "He was undoubtedly one of the most illustrious monarchs of Asiatic history, and at Caubul, where his ashes repose, is held in the highest veneration."

Aged 12, he became ruler of the small central Asian principality of Ferghana. In 1504 he captured the Afghan stronghold of Kabul, and then directed his energies towards India. In 1526, he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the ruler of Delhi, in the Battle of Panipat and ascended to the throne. Atkinson wrote: "To the right of this tomb are the extensive ruins of a celebrated mosque, which was built by Shahjahan. The Tower in the middle of the distance is the Killa-Kazee, and the fort on the extreme right the residence of Newab Jebbar Khan, brother of Dost Mohammed Khan."