B) words which are different in sound form and meaning but identical in spelling

C) words similar in meaning

D) words of opposite meaning

E) words of native origin

12. Define the type of borrowing ‘solar’

A) Latin

B) French

C) German

D) Spanish

E) Russian

13. Complete the simile ‘as busy as …’

A) bee

B) horse

C) dog

D) plane

E) cat

14. Give homophone to ‘fare’

A) fair

B) fear

C) fiber

D) fire

E) feint

15. Give homophone to ‘hear’

A) here

B) hire

C) hare

D) harm

E) herd

16. Define the type of word-building in the word ‘re-think’

A) affixation

B) conversion

C) sound-imitation

D) shortening

E) back formation

17. Define a feminine suffix

A) -ess

B) -er

C) -ness

D) -less

E) -ful

18. Define the type of word-building process in a word ‘earthquake’

A) neutral

B) morphological

C) syntactic

D) conversion

E) sound-imitation

19. Define the type of word-building process in a word ‘honey-mooner’

A) dirived compound

B) simple

C) compound

D) derived

E) root

20. Define the etimology of the word ‘genre’

A) French

B) German

C) Latin

D) Spanish

E) Russian

21. Define the etimology of the word “bouquet’’

A) French

B) German

C) Latin

D) Russian

E) Spanish

22. Give homophone to ‘paw’

A) pour

B) pair

C) pure

D) peer

E) pire

23. Lexicology is …

A) the study of words

B) the study of meaning

C) the study of grammar

D) the study of sounds

E) the study of syntax

24. By external structure of the word we mean its

A) morphological structure

B) denotative meaning

C) grammar

D) syntax

E) emotions

25. The internal structure of the word is its…

A) semantic structure

B) morphological structure

C) syntax

D) emotions

E) grammar

26. The totality of words in a language…

A) vocabulary

B) dictionary

C) loan

D) onomatopiea

E) synchrony

27. The system of the grammatical forms of a word is…

A) paradigm

B) referent

C) concept

D) notion

E) lexeme

28. Find a synonym to ‘benevolent’

A) friendly

B) homely

C) goodly

D) earthly

E) brotherly

29. Give adjective of Latin origin to ‘sun’

‡àãðóçêà...

A) solar

B) sunny

C) vital

D) oral

E) feline

30. Complete the simile ‘as fast as….’

A) lightning

B) lion

C) swine

D) cat

E) dog

31. Complete the simile ‘ as light as …’

A) feather

B) weather

C) horse

D) lion

E) lightning

32. Complete the simile ‘ as black as …’

A) soot

B) wolf

C) dog

D) cat

D) feather

33. Complete the proverb ‘a new broom…’

A) sweeps clean

B) spoils the broth

C) makes light work

D) forms the defence

E) catches the worm

34. Complete the proverb ‘fortune favours…’

A) the brave

B) like home

C) easy go

D) sweeps clean

E) make light work

35. The smallest indivisible two-faced language unit is…

A) morpheme

B) word

C) phrase

D) phoneme

E) idiom

36. Define the type of the compound word ‘son-in-law’

A) syntactic

B) neutral

C) morphological

D) shortening

E) conversion

37. Define the type of the phraselogical unit ‘to be good at something’

A) phraseological combination

B) phraseological unity

C) phraseological fusion

D) phraseological-unit

E) phraseological construction

38. Words which are no longer used in everyday speech

A) archaisms

B) neologisms

C) synonyms

D) antonyms

E) metaphor

39. The theory and practice of compiling dictionaries

A) lexicography

B) lexicology

C) semasiology

D) phraseology

E) morphology

40. Affixless way of word-building

A) conversion

B) derivation

C) connotation

D) denotation

E) reversion

41. Onomatopeia

A) sound imitation

B) composition

C) compounding

D) conversion

E) shortening

42. Define words which are made by doubling a stem

A) ping-pong

B) railway

C) dragon-fly

D) good-for-nothing

E) son-in-law

43. Define words which are made by doubling a stem

A) walkie-talkie

B) forget-me-not

C) father-in-law

D) merry-go-round

E) looking-glass

44. Define words which are made by doubling a stem

A) dilly-dallying

B) medium-size

C) dragon-fly

D) T-shirt

E) light-hearted

45. The ability of words to have more than one meaning

A) polysemy

B) synonymy

C) homonymy

D) antonymy

E) anomaly

46. The process of development of a new meaning or a change of meaning is termed…

A) transference

B) transformation

C) transmission

D) transportation

E) treason

47. Transference based on resemblance

A) metaphor

B) metonymy

C) paradox

D) sound imitation

E) onomatopoeia

48. Transference based on contiguity

A) metonymy

B) metaphor

C) synonymy

D) antonymy

E) homonymy

49. Define the type of transference in 'a neck of the bottle'

A) metaphor

B) metonymy

C) synonymy

D) homonymy

E) antonymy

50. The word TV is a case of

A) abbrevation

B) clipping

C) blending

D) antonymy

E) homonymy

51. Define the type of transference in 'kashmir'

A) metonymy

B) metaphor

C) synonymy

D) homonymy

E) antonymy

52. Define the word with diminutive suffix

A) birdie

B) fussy

C) listless

D) approval

E) terrible

53. Define the word with diminutive suffix

A) mummy

B) affection

C) violence

D) hostile

E) dignity

54. Functional suffixes can be called

A) endings

B) prefixes

C) suffixes

D) idioms

E) set expressions

55. Inner form of the word is..

A) meaning

B) morphological structure

C) phraseology

D) syntax

E) grammar

56. Synchronic approach deals with

A) the vocabulary of a language as it exists at a given time

B) changes and development of a vocabulary in the course of time

C) with grammar

D) with phraseology

E) with sound forms

57. Denotative component is…

A) the leading semantic component

B) additional semantic component

C) complied component

D) borrowed component

E) neutral component

58. Connotation is the...

A) additional semantic component

B) leading semantic component

C) complex component

D) borrowed component

E) neutral component

59. Descriptive lexicology deals with

A) the vocabulary of a given language at a given stage

B) the evolution of any vocabulary

C) general properties of word

D) description of the characteristic peculiarities in the words

E) the properties of the vocabulary of two or more languages

60. Syntagmatic relationships are studied by

A) means of contextual transformation

B) by means of word with related means

C) by means of words with opposite meaning

D) comparison with other words

E) by phraseology

61. Etymology

A) studies the origin of words

B) studies the meaning of the word

C) studies the compiling dictionaries

D) studies the set-expression

E) ways of formation of new words

62. Shortening is…

A) a significant subtraction of a word

B) a common element of words

C) a derived word

D) blending

E) phraseological unit

63. Onomatopoeia

A) sound imitation

B) morphological structure

C) grammatical meaning

D) conversion

E) back formation

64. Define the type of word-building in ‘Blue-eyed’

A) compound derivative

B) root morpheme

C) derivative

D) compound

E) simple word

65. A paradigm is

A) the system of grammatical forms characteristic of a word

B) totality of words

C) word-group

D) synonymic dominant in a synonymic group of words

E) neologism

66. Define the type of compound in ‘Heartache’

A) neutral compound

B) morphological compound

C) syntactic compound

D) lexicalized phrase

E) affixation

67. Define the type of compound in ‘Forget-me-not’

A) lexicalized phrase

B) neutral compound

C) morphological compound

D) affixation

E) no answer

68. Define the type of compound in ‘Lily-of-the-valley’

A) syntactic compound

B) neutral compound

C) lexicalized phrase

D) morphological compound

E) affixation

69. Define the type of compound in ‘Statesman’

A) morphological compound

B) syntactic compound

C) neutral compound

D) syntactic compound

E) affixation

70. Define the type of compound in ‘Ad’

A) clipping

B) blending

C) conversion

D) sound imitation

E) back formation

71. Define the type of the compound in ‘T-shirt’

A) contracted compound

B) morphological compound

C) derivational compound

D) syntactic compound

E) nonce-word

72. Define the type of word-building in ‘water- to water’

A) conversion

B) reduplication

C) shortening

D) juxtaposition

E) reversion

73. Define simple neutral compound

A) topcoat

B) a glass-walled room

C) radio-equipped car

D) U-turn

E) hunting-knife

74. Define the simple neutral compound

A) waterproof

B) lady-killer

C) thirty-foot-tall

D) watch-maker

E) gold-seekers

75. Define the simple neutral compound

A) nightgown

B) match-breaker

C) high-pitched voice

D) sportsman

E) forget-me-not

76. Define the simple neutral compound

A) bookworm

B) pain-killer

C) U-turn

D) dining-room

E) two-seater

77. Define the simple neutral compound

A) butterfly

B) medium-sized

C) good-for-nothing

D) bread-and-butter

E) maid-of-all work

78. Define the simple neutral compound

A) necklace

B) V-day

C) bread-and-butter

D) pain-killer

E) radio-equipped car

79. Define a feminine suffix

A) -ess

B) -less

C) -ness

D) -ette

E) -ful

80. Define a feminine suffix

A) -ine

B) -ful

C) -less

D) -ness

E) -ful

81. Define a negative prefix

A) non

B) re-

C) over

D) under

E) co-

82. Define a negative prefix

A) il-

B) le-

C) over-

D) under

E) co-

83. Define the type of phraseological unit ‘as mad as a hatter’

A) phraseological fusion

B) phraseological unity

C) phraseological combination

D) free phrase combination

E) semi-fixed combination

84. Ancient or obsolete word, or style, or idiom gone out of current use

A) Archaism

B) Neologism

C) Synonym

D) Antonym

E) Euphemism

85. Define the type of phraseological unit ‘to meet the requirement’

A) phraseological combination

B) phraseological fusion

C) free phrase combination

D) semi-fixed combination

E) phraseological unity

86. Define a mono-semantic word

A) molecule

B) to ask

C) to expect

D) nice

E) set

87. Define a mono-semantic word

A) hydrogen

B) set

C) table

D) stock

E) nice

88. Define a mono-semantic word

A) oxygen

B) select

C) nice

D) set

E) table

89. Colloquial style

A) Spoken English

B) High-flown English

C) Euphemism

D) Neologism

E) Poetical English

90. Define the international word:

A) medicine

B) table

C) trace

D) sentence

E) orphan

91. Define the international word:

A) tennis

B) country

C) foodstuffs

D) meaning

E) feature

92. Define the international word:

A) avocado

B) approach

C) apple

D) anew

E) acorn

93. Find the synonym to the word ‘to begin’:

A) to commence

B) to proceed

C) to comment

D) to concentrate

E) to connect

94. Define the structural type of the word ‘flu’:

A) shortening

B) blending

C) back formation

D) compound

E) derived compound

95. Define the word with the native suffix:

A) wisdom

B) relation

C) disable

D) arrogant

E) patient

96. A figure of speech in which an inoffensive word or expression is substituted for an unpleasant

A) Euphemism

B) Slang

C) Dialect

D) Nonce-word

E) Neologism

97. Define the word with the native suffix:

A) senseless

B) union

C) opinion

D) temptation

E) create

98. Define the word with the native suffix:

A) friendly

B) union

C) opinion

D) temptation

E) create

99. Define the word with native suffix:

A) quarrelsome

B) union

C) opinion

D) temptation

E) create

100. The smallest indivisible component of the word possessing a meaning of its own:

A) morpheme

B) sentence

C) comma

D) stress

E) voice

101. Substitution to indecent indelicate words

A) euphemisms

B) neologisms

C) nonce-words

D) archaisms

E) borrowing

102. To which parts of speech do most antonyms belong

A) adjective

B) verbs

C) nouns

D) conjunction

E) numerals

103. Who spoke of the semantic change in phraseological units

A) V.V.Vinogradov

B) A.V.koonin

C) V.H.Collins

D) Bloomfield

E) N.N.Amosova

104. A short familiar epigrammic saying expressing popular wisdom, a truth or a moral lesson

A) a proverb

B) a phraseological unit

C) a phraseological unity

D) a phraseological fusion

E) collocation

105. Semantic opposition, contrast

A) antonyms

B) synonymy

C) euphemisms

D) nonce-words

E) obsolete words

106. The existence within one word of only one meaning

A) monosemy

B) polysemy

C) context

D) antonymy

E) semantics

107. Supplementary meaning

A) connotation

B) denotation

C) opposition

D) collocation

E) colligation

108. Word-formation where the target word is formed by combining two or more stems

A) composition

B) derivation

C) affixation

D) conversion

E) back formation

109. Combining parts of two words to form one word

A) blending

B) clipping

C) onomatopoeia

D) derivation

E) conversion

110. The amount of native words in English makes up:

A) 30 per cent

B) 50 per cent

C) 40 per cent

D) 70 per cent

E) 90 per cent

111. Semasiology is a branch of linguistics devoted to the study of:

A) meaning

B) phonetic structure of the words

C) grammatical structure

D) origin

E) morphemic structure

112. Define the nature of semantic change in 'the teeth of a saw'

A) metaphor

B) broadening

C) narrowing

D) amelioration

E) metonymy

113. Descriptive lexicology deals with

A) the vocabulary of a given language at a given stage

B) the evolution of any vocabulary

C) general properties of words

D) description of the characteristic peculiarities in the words

E) the properties of the vocabulary of two or more languages

114. Syntagmatic relationships are studied by

A) means of contextual transformation

B) by means of word with relating meaning

C) by means of words with opposite meaning

D) comparison with other words

E) by phraseology

115. Historical lexicology studies:

A) vocabulary origin and development

B) Vocabulary of a given language

C) The properties of words

D) Method of scientific research

E) Morphological and semantic studies

116. There are 2 principle approaches in linguistic science, they are :

A) Synchronic and diachronic

B) Interconnective and independent

C) Historical and independent

D) Discriptive and independent

E) Grammatical and independent

117. What kind of meaning the words have?

A) Grammatical and lexical

B) Historical and discriptive

C) Innterconnective

D) Phonetic

E) Phonetic and grammatical

118. What is the aim of lexicology:

A) to group and systematize lexical material

B) to study the meaning of the words

C) to find synonyms, antonyms and homonyms

D) to study polysemy

E) no correct answer

119. How many types of motivation do you know:

A) 3

B) 2

C) 1

D) 4

E) 5

120. Find the types of motivation :

A) phonetic, morphological, semantic

B) shortening and sound imitation

C) composition and conversion

D) synchronic and diachronic

E) no answer

121. What is metaphor?

A) transference based on the resemblance

B) polysemantic word

C) phonetic motivation

D) new additional meaning of the word

E) the meaning of the words

122. Words of the same sound form but of different spelling and meaning

A) homophones

B) homographs

C) antonyms

D) synonyms

E) no correct answer

123. The relationship existing between the morphemic or phonemic composition and structural pattern of the word on the one hand and its meaning on the on the other hand:

A) motivation

B) expression

C) narration

D) saying

E) meaning

124. Motivation based on a certain similarity between the sounds is called:

A) phonetic

B) morphological

C) semantic

D) polysemantic

E) monosemantic

125. Define of word-building of the word «cock-a doodle-do»:

A) sound imitation

B) composition

C) shortening

D) affixation

E) conversion

126. Who is the author of the dictionary «words and idioms»

A) L.Smith

B) V.Collins

C) A.Koonin

D) B.Beriskin

E) A.Volconsky

127. All the words in the English language can be classified into:

A) motivated and non-motivated

B) synonyms and antonyms

C) derived and compound

D) polysemantic and homonymous

E) connotative and derogative

128. What is the basic unit of the lexicology?

A) A word

B) A root

C) A stem

D) A suffix

E) A meaning

129. Give definition of the stem:

A) Stem is the part of the word that remains unchanged throughout its paradigm.

B) Stem is the branch of a study concerning the morphological structure of words

C) Stem is the branch of semasiology

D) Stem concerns words without linking elements

E) Stem is the new way of word building

130. Words jersey, pullover are:

A) international words

B) antonyms

C) synonyms

D) morphems

E) polysemantic words

131.When two or more unrelated meanings are associated with the same form the word is :

A) homonym

B) antonym

C) polysemy

D) synonym

E) simile

132. When two or more forms are associated with the same meaning the word is called :

A) synonym

B) antonym

C) polysemy

D) morpheme

E) no answer

133. Denotative component is

A) the leading semantic component

B) additional semantic component

C) complied component

D) borrowed component

E) neutral component

134. Define the type of compounding of the word ‘Forget-me-not’

A) lexicalized phrase

B) neutral compound

C) morphological compound

D) affixation

E) no answer

135. Define the simple neutral compound

A) Boyfriend

B) medium-sized

C) good-for-nothing

D) bread-and-butter

E) maid-of-all work

136. They consist of two stems + affix

A) derivational compounds

B) simple neutral

C) morphological compounds

D) contracted compounds

E) syntactic compounds

137. Find euphemism for the word ‘mad’

A) unbalanced

B) under the influence

C) Nick

D) jug

E) deuce

138. Find a word with morphological motivation

A) reread

B) build

C) more

D) again

E) sound

139. Find a word with morphological motivation

A) thoughtful

B) build

C) more

D) again

E) sound

140. Find the euphemism for the word ‘pregnant’

A) In a family way

B) under the influence

C) Nick

D) jug

E) deuce

141. Complete the simile 'as fat as..'

A) pig

B) dove

C) sheep

D) fox

E) lion

142. Complete the comparison 'to smoke like a'

A) chimney

B) log

C) pigeon

D) duck

E) pig

143. Give a homophone to 'hear'

A) here

B) hire

C) herd

D) hare

E) hymn

144. Words coined and used only for the particular occasion

A) nonce

B) synonym

C) affix

D) root

E) prephix

145. Define the word-building of the word «cock-a doodle-do»:

A) sound imitation

B) composition

C) shortening

D) affixation

E) conversion

146. What are the two main approaches to the study of language material:

A) descriptive and historic

B) composition and narrowing

C) metaphor and metonymy

D) shortening and sound into change

E) no correct answer

147. Etymology studies

A) The origin of the words

B) The meaning of the words

C) Phonetic structure

D) Stylistic devices

E) no correct answer

148. Historical lexicology studies:

A) Vocabulary origin and development

B) Vocabulary of a given language

C) The properties of words

D) Method of scientific research

E) Morphological and semantic studies

149. The style of language of everyday life which answers the needs of communication

A) Colloquial

B) High-flown

C) Poetical

D) Rhetorical

E) technical

150. Define the type of abbreviation VIP:

A) Acronym

B) Blending

C) Clipping

D) Shortening

E) Backformation

151. Phraseology studies

A) phraseological units

B) graphical abbreviations

C) synonyms, antonyms

D) lexical homonyms

E) phrasal verbs

152. Shortening is

A) a significant subtraction of a word

B) a common element of words

C) a derived word

D) the smallest meaningful unit

E) blending

153. Which of the given words stand for the American variant of the word flat

A) apartment

B) mansion

C) but

D) room

E) cabin

154. What is the meaning of the underlined parts of words monolingual, monosyllable, monologue

A) one

B) many

C) all

D) every

E) each

155. Which of the following words are international

A) coffee, mango, sputnik, radio

B) farm, video, friend, man

C) bungalow, blitz, masterpiece, money

D) radio, wonder-child, country, pen

E) escalator, cat, park, television

156. Which of the following words is the British variant of the American fall

A) autumn

B) spring

C) winter

D) summer

E) season

157. The word TV is a case of

A) abbreviation

B) clipping

C) blending

D) back-formation

E) sound interchange

158. Has been in the following sentence “She had to be satisfied with the role of a has been” is the result of

A) conversion

B) word-composition

C) word derivation

D) polysemy

E) affixation

159. What is motivation

A) the connection between the structural pattern of the word and its meaning

B) the connection between the structural pattern of the word and its sound-form

C) the connection between the structural pattern of the word and its referent

D) the connection between the structural pattern of the word and its graphical form

E) the connection between the meaning of the word and referent

160. What are antonyms

A) words different in sound and graphic form, having opposite denotational meanings

B) words different in their sound-form, but identical or similar in some of their meanings

C) words identical in their sound-form or in graphic form or in both, but different in meaning

D) words differing in their morphemic structure but coinciding in their sound-form

E) words with identical sound and different in their graphic forms

161. Which of the following words are homonyms proper

A) bank (n) – bank (n)

B) sea (n) – see (v)

C) wind (n) – wind (v)

D) tear (n) – tear (v)

E) knight(n) – night (n)

162. A list of words in which the entry words are arranged in alphabetical order starting with their final letters are

A) reverse dictionaries

B) pronouncing dictionaries

C) usage dictionaries

D) dictionaries of word frequency

E) dictionaries of slang

163. Which of the following lines contains only form words

A) from, oh!, am

B) dog-like, through, to help

C) lonesome, handful, are

D) terror, a computer, out of

E) went, come on, and

164. Which of the following homonyms are partial

A) match (n) – match (v)

B) found (v) – found (v)

C) bank (n) – bank (n)

D) ball (n) – ball (n)

E) jam (n) – jam (n)

165. Conversives are

A) antonyms

B) synonyms

C) homophones

D) hybrids

E) etymological doublets

167. Complete the idiom “like as…” using one of the following words

A) peas

B) bears

C) twins

D) nuts

E) cucumbers

168. Now or never is

A) phraseological repetition

B) saying

C) proverb

D) hyperbole

E) jargon

169. Which of the following suffixes are of Greek origin

A) -ist, - ism, - ite

B) -dom, -hood, -ly

C) -able, -ible, -ant, -ous

D) -age, -ful, -ence

E) -anti, -dom, -ful

170. The difference between the British and American English is noticeable in the field of

A) in all fields of the language system

B) phonetics

C) grammar

D) vocabulary

E) rhythm and intonation of speech

171. pot cheers is a word from

A) New York city dialect

B) Eastern New England dialect

C) Inland Northern dialect

D) Standard American

E) Standard English

172. Semantically morphemes are classified as

A) root and affixational morphemes

B) free morphemes

C) semi-free morphemes and stems

D) bound morphemes

E) semi-bound morphemes

173. Lexicography deals with

A) the theory and practice of compiling dictionaries

B) the word-making process in English

C) classification of loan words

D) variants of the English language

E) the etymological background of the English word stock

174. The type of word-building used in the following words ping - pong, riff-raff, chit-chat is

A) compounding

B) shortening

C) conversion

D) blending

E) back-formation

175. Stylistic synonyms are

A) two words having the same denotational meaning but differing in stylistic connotation

B) words which differ in shades of meaning

C) words which differ in connotations

D) words identical in their sound-form or in graphic form or in both, but different in meaning

E) words which differ in their morphemic structure but coinciding in their sound-form

176. Head of cabbage is

A) a metaphor

B) a metonymy

C) a saying

D) a euphemism

E) a proverb

177. Synonyms for the word to hope is

A) to expect, to look forward, to anticipate

B) to look forward, to sway, to puff

C) to wait, to plague, to anticipate

D) to appeal, to sway, to look forward

E) to controvert, to contradict, to glare

178. Taboo is the main cause of such a linguistic phenomenon as a (an)

A) euphemism

B) idiom

C) hybrid

D) etymological doublet

E) metonymy

179. Which of the following sound-imitative words are interjections

A) bang!, bush!, pooh!

B) purr, mew, cock-a-doodle-do

C) quack, moo, buzz

D) hiss, gibber, bray

E) clash, crash, whip

180. External meaning

A) morphological structure

B) Inner structure

C) Synonym

D) idiom

E) semantic structure

181. The stem of root or morpheme words contains

A) one free morpheme

B) not less than two morphemes of which at least one is bound

C) not less than two free morphemes

D) not less than two free morphemes and one bound morpheme

E) a group of words

182. Prefixes mis -, mal-, pseudo- are

A) perjorative

B) negative

C) privative

D) locative

E) prefixes of time and order

183. According to the structure the words: fridge, pub, tech, USA, exam are

A) shortened

B) simple

C) compound

D) derived

E) blends

184. The underlined words in the following sentences: “How often do you milk the cows?”, “Restaurants in all large cities have ups and downs.” “He began to nose about like an old bloodhound.” are cases of

A) conversion

B) allusion

C) cliché

D) metaphor

E) euphemism

185. The words TV, T.B. are cases of

A) abbreviation

B) clipping

C) blending

D) back-formation

E) sound interchange

186. What kind of clipping in the word “math”

A) final clipping

B) media clipping

C) initial clipping

D) reduplication

E) sound interchange

187. Metonymy is based on

A) contiguity of meaning

B) harrowing of meaning

C) pejoration of meaning

D) amelioration of meaning

E) extention of meaning

188. Check for the case of a hyperbole in the following

A) thousand pardons

B) the White House

C) mother tongue

D) the leg of the table

E) grass green

189. Dictionaries of toponyms are

A) special dictionaries

B) general

C) dictionaries of the most difficult words

D) dictionaries of frequency

E) explanatory dictionaries

190. Which of the following line has words belonging to terminology

A) telegraph, antibiotic, radar, metaphor

B) lovely, beautiful, colorful, handsome

C) a book, a shop, a suite, a street

D) to go to bed, to get up, to have breakfast, to clean

E) three, above, are, far, straight

191. The synonymic dominant in series of leave, depart, quit, retire, clear out is

A) leave

B) depart

C) quit

D) retire

E) clear out

192. A proverb is

A) a saying expressing some well-known truth

B) a familiar quotation from the literary work

C) a free word-group

D) a verb-adverb combination

E) a traditional compound

193. Complete the following idiom as sly as

A) a fox

B) a cat

C) a cock

D) a mouse

E) an owl

194. Hybrids are

A) words made up of affixes from two or more different languages

B) idiomatic compounds

C) formed by removal of all functional and derivational elements

D) words which are made after existing patterns

E) the smallest meaningful units

195. Lass, Kirk are examples of

A) vulgarism

B) slang

C) common colloquial words

D) dialectical words

E) jargonism

196. Structural morphemes fall into

A) free, semi-free, bound, semi-bound morphemes

B) root morphemes and affixational morphemes

C) stem morphemes

D) prefixational morphemes

E) suffixational morphemes

197. Friend is a

A) free morpheme

B) bound morpheme

C) semi-free morpheme

D) semi-bound morpheme

E) no answer

198. Sound imitation is

A) onomatopeia

B) the derivation of words by subtraction of an affix from words

C) opposition of words or word-forms

D) lexical abbreviations

E) reduction of a word to one of its parts

199. What is the denotational meaning

A) the component of the lexical meaning which makes communication possible

B) the component of meaning that considers emotive charge and stylistic reference of words

C) the component of meaning that distinguishes one word from all others containing identical morphemes

D) the component of meaning recurrent in identical sets of individual forms of different words

E) the connotational meaning

200. Euphemism is

A) substitution of unpleasant words by mild ones

B) a taboo expression used by native speakers

C) an irony

D) an ellipsis

E) litotes

201. Metaphor is a transfer of name based on

A) the association of similarity

B) contiguity of meaning

C) pejoration of meaning

D) amelioration of meaning

E) extention of meaning

202. Jargonisms are

A) words bearing a secret and cryptic character

B) common colloquial words

C) professionalisms

D) vulgarisms

E) barbarisms or unassimilated loan words

203. Words jersey, pullover are

A) international words

B) slang words

C) neologisms

D) obsolete words

E) terms

204. Which of the following statements is the distinctive feature of proverbs

A) proverbs function as independent units of communication

B) proverbs are neither parts of statement, nor do they stand for the whole statement

C) proverbs are completely non-motivated

D) proverbs function as word-equivalents

E) proverbs function as word-groups

205. Which of these proverbs expresses best the idea of the following situation “Very soon after his father’s death Mike’s mother died and he became an orphan.”. The words “pipe of peace”, “pale face” were borrowed from

A) Indian language

B) Latin language

C) Greek language

D) French language

E) Japanese language

206. The words pajamas, khaki, mango, bungalow which became international come from

A) India

B) New Zealand

C) Australia

D) Canada

E) the USA

207. What is polyglot?

A) multilingual dictionary

B) glossary

C) specialized dictionary

D) encyclopedia

E) bilingual dictionary

208. The root of the word is

A) the basic part of a word to which affixes are added

B) the basic unit of a language, having denotative meaning

C) a derivational affix

D) a grammatical paradigm

E) a derived stem

209. Affixation, word-composition and conversion are

A) principle and productive ways of forming new words

B) non-productive ways of word-formation

C) minor types of word-building

D) morphosyntactically conditioned combinability of words

E) word-building patterns

210. Which of the following parts of words has the verb derived from the noun

A) a monkey – to monkey

B) a peel – to peel

C) a help – to help

D) a tramp – to tramp

E) a jump – to jump

211. Which of the following is a minor way of word-formation

A) back-formation

B) word-composition

C) conversion

D) affixation

E) word-derivation

212. What is the connotational meaning

A) the component of meaning that considers emotive charge and stylistic reference of words

B) the component of meaning that distinguishes one word from all others containing identical morphemes

C) the component of meaning recurrent in identical sets of individual forms of different words

D) the component of meaning recurrent in identical sets of individual forms of different words

E) the denotational meaning

213. Absolute (or complete) synonyms are

A) words coinciding in all their shades of meaning and in all their stylistic characteristics

B) words conveying the same notion but differing in shades of meaning

C) words which differ in connotations

D) words conveying the same notion but differing in shades of meaning

E) words identical in their sound-form or in graphic form or in both, but different in meaning

214. The White House, boston, volt, mackintosh are cases of

A) a metonymy

B) a metaphor

C) a euphemism

D) an irony

E) litotes

215. Which of the following words are homophones

A) night (n) – knight (n)

B) tear (n) – tear (v)

C) lead (n) – lead (v)

D) wind (n) – wind (v)

E) new (adj) – old (adj)

216. What common element do the words cities, tables, relations have

A) the grammatical meaning of plurality

B) the lexical meaning

C) the stylistic coloring

D) one and the same denotational meaning

E) the connotational meaning

217. “I have told you 10 times” is an example of a

A) hyperbole

B) metonymy

C) metaphor

D) euphemism

E) litotes

218. The selection of lexical units, arrangement and setting of the entries is one of the main problem in

A) lexicography

B) lexicology

C) phonetics

D) phraseology

E) grammar

219. Which of the following sentences has an idiom

A) “why can’t the mayor just cut all the red tape and let us have a parade without a permit?”

B) there are two possible explanations about the origin of this famous phrase

C) some idioms originated as colloquialisms or slang

D) some idioms were well-known proverbs and short sayings that express practical, basic truth

E) it’s time to go to bed

220. Which of the following words are of French origin

A) beau, commence, chauffeur

B) empty, ask, belly

C) afternoon, and, ask

D) hyena, home, husband

E) hippopotamus, guerilla, caftan

221. Which of the following words are native English

A) summer, hope, life

B) vacuum, exist, act

C) machine, parachute, valley

D) xylophone, epoch, chemist

E) confetti, macaroni, life

222. A stem is

A) an unchanged part

B) a functional affix

C) a derivational affix

D) a prefix

E) a suffix

223. Suffix -er is

A) productive and active

B) non-productive and active

C) active

D) productive

E) productive and non-active

224. Conversion is a word-building process in which words are built

A) by means of changing the paradigm

B) by joining two or more stems together

C) by adding word-building affixes to stems

D) by combining parts of two words

E) by shortening a written word or phrase

225. Sound imitation, reduplication, clipping, abbreviation are

A) minor types of word making

B) productive ways of word-building

C) principal ways of word-building

D) ways of making up phraseological units

E) ways of changing syntactic pattern and paradigm of words

226. Compound words contain

A) not less than two morphemes

B) one free morpheme

C) not less than two morphemes of which at least one is bound

D) not less than two free morphemes and one bound morpheme

E) a group of words

227. Dictionaries of abbreviations, antonyms, borrowings, new words are

A) special dictionaries

B) general dictionaries

C) glossaries

D) rhyming and thesaurus type of dictionaries

E) etymological dictionaries

228. Which of the following words is the case of an initial clipping

A) story, phone, cello

B) T-shirt, H-bone, V-day

C) flu, fridge, tech

D) babble, chatter, giggle

E) beg, housekeep, butler

229. -age, -an, -ary are

A) noun-forming suffixes

B) verb-forming suffixes

C) adjective-forming suffixes

D) adverb-forming suffixes

E) numeral-forming suffixes

230. Sources of synonyms are

A) all the above mentioned cases

B) native and borrowed words

C) shortening

D) conversion

E) euphemisms

231. The main types of dictionaries are

A) general and special

B) general and etymological

C) special and multilingual

D) usage and slang dictionaries

E) general and ideographic

232. The following words hell, damn, shut up are

A) vulgarisms

B) terms

C) dialectical words

D) slang

E) synonyms

233. An idiom is

A) an expression of the meaning which is different from the literal meanings of its components

B) a free word-group, consisting of independent words, each of them having its own meaning

C) a proverb

D) a familiar quotation

E) a saying

234. Which of the following antonyms are derivational

A) careful – careless

B) slow – fast

C) correct – incorrect – wrong

D) temporary- permanent

E) enemy – friend

235. Check for the line where all the words have American spelling

A) humor, theater, program, thru

B) traveling, centre, color, offence

C) jewellery, woolen, favour meter

D) armour, although, fibre, monologue

E) telegramme, center, picturesque, favour

236. Word composition is a word-building process in which words are built

A) by joining two or more stems

B) by adding derivational affixes to stems

C) by means of changing the paradigm

D) by combining parts of two words

E) by clipping the beginning or the end of the word

237. Which of the following words are blends

A) smog, brunch, clap

B) beggar, to burgle, to edit

C) hanky, nighty, radar

D) M.P., USA, BBC

E) ping - pong, topsy-turvy, walkie-talkie

238. According to which word-formation way the Americanisms electronic, automaniac, Gerrymander were created

A) blending

B) shortening

C) reduplication

D) compounding

E) back-formation

239. The word story is an example of

A) initial clipping

B) final clipping

C) medial clipping

D) reduplication

E) sound interchange

240. What is polysemy

A) the existence within one word of several connected meanings

B) the ability of words to coincide in their spelling and sound forms

C) the existence of contrastive meanings within a word

D) the existence of only one meaning within words

E) words with opposite meanings

241. Homographs are

A) words identical in spelling, but different both in their sound-form and meaning

B) words identical in sound-form, but different both in spelling and in meaning

C) words identical in sound-form, but different in meaning

D) words identical in meaning, but different in spelling

E) words identical in spelling and sound-form meaning, but different in meaning

242. A Don Juan, the foot of the bed, bookworm, the head of the school are cases of

A) a metaphor

B) a metonymy

C) a euphemism

D) an irony

E) litotes

243. Which of the following synonymic group belong to total (complete or absolute) synonymy

A) functional affix, inflection, flexion

B) pretty, handsome, beautiful

C) to eat, to partake , to peck

D) capable, skillful, qualified, professional

E) companion, friend, associate

244. Noun and substantive are

A) partial synonyms

B) ideographic synonyms

C) stylistic synonyms

D) antonyms

E) total synonyms

245. The following definition “coal is a black, hard substance that burns and gives off heat” is an entry form

A) a descriptive dictionary

B) a pronunciation dictionary

C) a bilingual dictionary

D) a dictionary of pronunciation

E) an etymological dictionary

246. Free word-groups are

A) words put together to form lexical units

B) stereotyped or unchangeable set expressions

C) phraseological fusions

D) phraseological colloquialisms

E) phraseological unities

247. (to be) like a bull in a china shop means

A) a careless, clumsy person who may cause damage through lack of skill or care

B) to be a cause of danger

C) to be an insensitive, crude person

D) to feel very proud and happy about something

E) to feel uncomfortable, ill at ease in one’s surroundings, situation or in society

248. Which of the following phraseological units is not motivated

A) hot dog

B) bear a grudge

C) bear malice

D) take a linking

E) to show one’s teeth

249. Which of the following words are native English

A) summer, hope, life

B) vacuum, exist, act

C) machine, parachute, valley

D) xylophone, epoch, chemist

E) confetti, macaroni, life

250. What is Cockney

A) one of the southern dialects of London

B) the British Standard English

C) the Scottish variant of English language

D) an artificial language

E) the Irish dialect

251. The following words dormitory, fall, elevator, apartment are typical for

A) American English

B) Standard English

C) Cockney

D) Canadian English

E) Slang

252. Explanatory dictionary can also be called

A) unilingual dictionary

B) bilingual dictionary

C) translation dictionary

D) glossary

E) encyclopedia

253. A Prefix is

A) derivational morpheme preceding the root

B) a derivational morpheme following the stem

C) a common element of words within a word-family

D) an affix placed within the word

E) a combining form

254. Which of these nouns are derived from verbs

A) a break, a catch, a jump

B) a pain, a tramp, a button

C) a pen, a weekend, a drink

D) a cook, a button, a monkey

E) a fall, a windglass, an act

255. Form of functional words comprise

A) all this group

B) auxiliary verbs

C) prepositions

D) conjunctions

E) relative adverbs

256. What are homonyms

A) words identical in their sound-form or in graphic form or in both, but different in meaning

B) words with identical sound and graphic forms

C) words differing in their morphemic structure but coinciding in their sound-form and spelling

D) words coinciding in some shades of meaning

E) words with opposite meanings

257. Homophones are

A) words identical in sound-form but different in meaning

B) words identical in meaning but different in spelling

C) words identical in spelling, but different both in their sound-form and meaning

D) words identical in sound-form but different both in spelling and in meaning

E) words identical in spelling and sound-form meaning but different in meaning

258. Which of the words are homonyms proper

A) ball (n) – ball (n)

B) wind (n) – wind (v)

C) check (n) – cheque (n)

D) been (v) – bean (n)

E) bear (n) – bear (v)

259. Words swish, splash are

A) phonetically motivated

B) semantically motivated

C) morphologically motivated

D) non-motivated

E) graphically motivated

260. A word that appears or is specially coined to name a new object or express a new concept is a

A) neologism

B) euphemism

C) homonymy

D) hybrid

E) loan word

261. A stereotyped expression mechanically reproduced in speech is a

A) cliché

B) proverb

C) a set-expression

D) phraseological unit

E) idiom

262. Varieties of the English language peculiar to some districts and having no normalized literary form are

A) local dialects

B) variants of English

C) separate languages

D) dialectisms

E) artificial language

263. A suffix is

A) a derivational morpheme following the stem

B) a derivational morpheme preceding the root

C) a common element of words within a word-family

D) an affix placed within the word

E) a combining form

264. Etymology investigates

A) the origin and history of a word and its true meaning

B) peculiarities of the current English vocabulary

C) different types of compounds

D) general problems of the theory of the word

E) different kinds of dictionaries

265. The word brunch (breakfast +lunch) was formed with the help of

A) blending

B) sound-interchange

C) shortening

D) conversion

E) affixation

266. What are synonyms

A) words different in their sound-form, but identical or similar in some of their meanings

B) words with identical sound and graphic forms

C) words differing in their morphemic structure but coinciding in their sound-form

D) words identical in their sound-form or in graphic form or in both, but differing in meaning

E) words with contrastive meanings

267. Perfect homophones are

A) words identical in spelling and sound-form but differing in meaning

B) words identical in sound-form but different both in spelling and in meaning

C) words identical in spelling, but different both in their sound-form and meaning

D) words identical in meaning but different in spelling

E) words identical in sound-form but different in meaning

268. Check for the line with synonyms to the word to look

A) to gaze, to glance, to peep, to stare

B) to see, to gaze, to blame

C) to peep, to stroll, to sob, to cry

D) to watch, to strive, to race

E) to starve, to search, to wait

269. Which of the following antonyms are mixed antonyms

A) active – passive – inactive

B) final – first

C) safety – danger

D) temporary – permanent

E) slow – quick

270. Check for the homographs in the following sets of words

A) bow – bow

B) new – knew

C) brake – break

D) by – bye

E) piece – peace

271. To err is human is a (an)

A) familiar quotation

B) cliche

C) proverb

D) idiom

E) free phrase

272. Isotope is a

A) neologism

B) historism

C) common colloquial word

D) jargonism

E) vulgarism

273. Complete the following idiom of comparison as busy as

A) a bee

B) a mouse

C) a frog

D) a dove

E) an ant

274. Red tapes, mare’s nest are

A) phraseological fusions

B) phraseological unities

C) phraseological combinations

D) proverbs

E) familiar quotations

275. Which of the following words contain diminutive suffixes

A) booklet, hanky

B) heroine, actress

C) poetic, picturesque

D) cloudy, girlish

E) funny, sunny

276. What is the meaning of -scribe in the words transcribe, subscribe, describe, inscribe

A) write

B) read

C) spell

D) say

E) print

277. An infix is

A) an affix placed within the word

B) a derivational morpheme proceeding the root

C) a derivational morpheme following the stem

D) a common element of words within a word-family

E) a combining form

278. The word exam is a cause of

A) clipping

B) blending

C) back-formation

D) sound-interchange

E) onomatopoeia

279. Grammatical meaning is

A) the meaning proper to sets of word-forms common to all words of a certain class

B) the meaning proper to the given linguistic unit in all its forms and distributions

C) the component of the lexical meaning that makes communication possible

D) the connotational meaning

E) the denotational meaning

280. An exaggerated statement not meant to be understood literally but expressing an intensely emotional attitude of the speaker to what he is speaking about is called