Homology

Species predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology:
Xenopus,
Zebrafish,

Specificity / Sensitivity

Mono-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys4) Antibody detects endogenous levels of histone H3 when mono-methylated on Lys4. The antibody shows slight cross-reactivity with histone H3 when di-methylated on Lys4, but does not cross-react with non-methylated or tri-methylated Lys 4. In addition, the antibody does not cross-react with methylated histone H3 Lys9, Lys27, Lys36 or methylated histone H4 Lys20.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the amino terminus of histone H3 in which lysine 4 is mono-methylated. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

ELISA

Mono-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys4) Antibody specificity was determined by peptide ELISA. Each graph depicts a titration of this antibody and the corresponding reactivity toward the non-methyl, mono-methyl, di-methyl and tri-methyl states of the indicated histone H3 or H4 lysine residue.

Background

The nucleosome, made up of four core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), is the primary building block of chromatin. Originally thought to function as a static scaffold for DNA packaging, histones have now been shown to be dynamic proteins, undergoing multiple types of post-translational modifications, including acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and ubiquitination (1). Histone methylation is a major determinant for the formation of active and inactive regions of the genome and is crucial for the proper programming of the genome during development (2,3). Arginine methylation of histones H3 (Arg2, 17, 26) and H4 (Arg3) promotes transcriptional activation and is mediated by a family of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), including the co-activators PRMT1 and CARM1 (PRMT4) (4). In contrast, a more diverse set of histone lysine methyltransferases has been identified, all but one of which contain a conserved catalytic SET domain originally identified in the Drosophila Su(var)3-9, Enhancer of zeste, and Trithorax proteins. Lysine methylation occurs primarily on histones H3 (Lys4, 9, 27, 36, 79) and H4 (Lys20) and has been implicated in both transcriptional activation and silencing (4). Methylation of these lysine residues coordinates the recruitment of chromatin modifying enzymes containing methyl-lysine binding modules such as chromodomains (HP1, PRC1), PHD fingers (BPTF, ING2), tudor domains (53BP1), and WD-40 domains (WDR5) (5-8). The discovery of histone demethylases such as PADI4, LSD1, JMJD1, JMJD2, and JHDM1 has shown that methylation is a reversible epigenetic marker (9).