Extract of sample Institutional racism

The obvious and underlying reason for this has to do with the fact that categorical interpretations of groups is oftentimes flawed; mainly due to the fact that groups are inherently made up of a litany of different types of individuals. These individuals necessarily have their own worldview, approach, background, class, and other factors that help define and constrain them in a way that broad and general identifications and definitions cannot. According to the query for this particular analysis, the student is required to discuss how institutional racism can be described, measured, and whether or not any causal relationship exists between class and inequality. Moreover, the relevance of class, race, and inequality have an especially profound level of meaning with respect to existing scholarship. As such, the discussion will be concentric upon explaining how segregation into distinct social spheres (neighborhoods), what historical forces compound this, how racially distinct neighborhoods vary in poverty and social disadvantage, and how surrounding neighborhoods affect the levels of violent crime, how this violent crime can be reduced.
With regard to institutional racism at its broadest levels, the segregation into distinct neighborhoods and the lack of empathy and understanding that a criminal justice stakeholder might have with respect to this is a solid sociological construct that has existed since the dawn of time. This reality can be understood historically. Due to the fact that the United Kingdom has been heavily influenced by the impacts of immigration, the power of this influx of “new” people into the United Kingdom has created a need for a high level of housing space for them to live (Ahmed, 2007). Naturally, as immigrants from all over the world began to arrive in the United Kingdom, they found themselves at a distinct disadvantage; oftentimes not speaking the language and having few if any
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Summary

The issue of race and ethnicity has long been understood by scholars as having a profound impact upon identity and the means by which society is represented. As such, the following analysis will consider these determinants with respect to the case of the United Kingdom and the…

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“Institutions can respond to Blacks and Whites differently. Institutional behaviour can injure Blacks, and when it does, it is racist in outcome, if not in intent” (Randall, 2009). The absence of a labor party, weak labor unions and fragmented governmental systems etc are often mentioned as the evidences of institutional racism in America.

Personal racism refers to the way racist feelings and actions are expressed by different individuals.Personal Racism is the expression of racist attitudes or behaviors by individual people (Newman 168).

The author states that under white supremacy, people belonging to the white race are considered as superior, they are able to secure higher positions and positions with much authority as compared to the positions offered to non-whites. Due to their access to authoritative positions, they have more access to favorable resources such as education and wealth.

However, the dilemma associated with the assumption of such a personality trait was that a pathetic lack of garrulousness often made it difficult for me to digest and analyze the things that I observed in my day to day, seemingly uneventful existence. So I desperately needed some body with whom I could talk about my views and opinions.

This racism is not only confined within the socio- economically backward section of the population but has crept into various strata of the society and institutions, no matter private or public, are no exceptions. If educational institutions are taken into account in a first world country like Canada we find a support to this view.

Racism serves to both discriminate against ethnic minorities and to maintain advantages and benefits for majorities. Some examples of racism are obvious, such as graffiti, ethnic "jokes", or physical violence. Unfortunately, problems of racism are often ignored because people do not know how to deal with them.

The term 'Institutional Racism' was introduced by Carmichael and Hamilton in 1968 and they saw it as 'an analytical tool to examine how institutions can operate along racist lines without acknowledging or even recognising this.'
Institutional Racism is connected with organisations and institutions and is unconnected with individualistic views or behaviour.

As the paper stresses institutional racism denotes patterns, practices, procedures and policies that operate within a social institution to disadvantage non members of the racial or a certain ethnic group. The institution then places a great importance on the dominant group and the minority group is viewed as being inferior.

5 pages (1250 words)Essay

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