1.
Australia
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Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the worlds sixth-largest country by total area, the neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east, and New Zealand to the south-east. Australias capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney, for about 50,000 years before the first British settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who spoke languages classifiable into roughly 250 groups. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades, and by the 1850s most of the continent had been explored, on 1 January 1901, the six colonies federated, forming the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia has since maintained a liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy comprising six states. The population of 24 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard, Australia has the worlds 13th-largest economy and ninth-highest per capita income. With the second-highest human development index globally, the country highly in quality of life, health, education, economic freedom. The name Australia is derived from the Latin Terra Australis a name used for putative lands in the southern hemisphere since ancient times, the Dutch adjectival form Australische was used in a Dutch book in Batavia in 1638, to refer to the newly discovered lands to the south. On 12 December 1817, Macquarie recommended to the Colonial Office that it be formally adopted, in 1824, the Admiralty agreed that the continent should be known officially as Australia. The first official published use of the term Australia came with the 1830 publication of The Australia Directory and these first inhabitants may have been ancestors of modern Indigenous Australians. The Torres Strait Islanders, ethnically Melanesian, were originally horticulturists, the northern coasts and waters of Australia were visited sporadically by fishermen from Maritime Southeast Asia. The first recorded European sighting of the Australian mainland, and the first recorded European landfall on the Australian continent, are attributed to the Dutch. The first ship and crew to chart the Australian coast and meet with Aboriginal people was the Duyfken captained by Dutch navigator, Willem Janszoon. He sighted the coast of Cape York Peninsula in early 1606, the Dutch charted the whole of the western and northern coastlines and named the island continent New Holland during the 17th century, but made no attempt at settlement. William Dampier, an English explorer and privateer, landed on the north-west coast of New Holland in 1688, in 1770, James Cook sailed along and mapped the east coast, which he named New South Wales and claimed for Great Britain. The first settlement led to the foundation of Sydney, and the exploration, a British settlement was established in Van Diemens Land, now known as Tasmania, in 1803, and it became a separate colony in 1825. The United Kingdom formally claimed the part of Western Australia in 1828. Separate colonies were carved from parts of New South Wales, South Australia in 1836, Victoria in 1851, the Northern Territory was founded in 1911 when it was excised from South Australia

2.
States and territories of Australia
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Australia is a federation of six states, together with ten federal territories. The Australian mainland consists of five of the six federated states, the state of Tasmania is an island about 200 kilometers from the mainland. The remaining seven territories are classified for some purposes as external territories, aside from the Australian Antarctic Territory, which is Australias claim to part of Antarctica, Australia is the worlds sixth-largest country by total area. Since 2015, federal control has also extended to the formerly self-governing territory of Norfolk Island. Three of the territories are inhabited, the others are uninhabited. The term geographic Australia is used by the Australian government to describe the area covered by demographic statistics such as national population figures and this area comprises Christmas Island and the Cocos Islands in addition to the six states and three mainland territories. Norfolk Island is the territory with a native population that is not part of geographic Australia. Both territories were reincorporated as the Northern Territory at the end of this period, from 1923 to 1968, the United Nations Trust Territory of Nauru was under Australian administration, until independence as the Republic of Nauru. From 1949 to 1975, the Territory of Papua and New Guinea was a territory of Australia, the states originated as separate British colonies prior to Federation in 1901. Upon Federation, the six colonies of New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, the territories, by contrast, are from a constitutional perspective directly subject to the Commonwealth Government, laws for territories are determined by the Australian Parliament. Most of the territories are directly administered by the Commonwealth Government, in the self-governing territories, the Australian Parliament retains the full power to legislate, and can override laws made by the territorial institutions, which it has done on rare occasions. For the purposes of Australian intergovernmental bodies, the Northern Territory, each state has a Governor, appointed by the Queen, which by convention she does on the advice of the state Premier. The Administrator of the Northern Territory, by contrast, is appointed by the Governor-General, Jervis Bay Territory is the only non-self-governing internal territory. Until 1989, it was administered as if it were a part of the ACT, although residents of the Jervis Bay Territory are generally subject to laws made by the ACT Legislative Assembly, they are not represented in the Assembly. They are represented in the Parliament of Australia as part of the Electoral Division of Fraser in the ACT, in other respects, the territory is administered directly by the Federal Government through the Territories portfolio. The external territory of Norfolk Island possessed a degree of self-government from 1979 until 2015, each state has a bicameral parliament except Queensland, which abolished its upper house in 1922. The lower house is called the Legislative Assembly, except in South Australia and Tasmania, Tasmania is the only state to use proportional representation for elections to its lower house, all others elect members from single member constituencies, using preferential voting. The upper house is called the Legislative Council and is elected from multi-member constituencies using proportional representation

3.
Queensland
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Queensland is the second-largest and third-most-populous state in the Commonwealth of Australia. Situated in the north-east of the country, it is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west, to the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean. Queensland has a population of 4,750,500, concentrated along the coast, the state is the worlds sixth largest sub-national entity, with an area of 1,852,642 km2. The capital and largest city in the state is Brisbane, Australias third largest city, often referred to as the Sunshine State, Queensland is home to 10 of Australias 30 largest cities and is the nations third largest economy. Tourism in the state, fuelled largely by its tropical climate, is a major industry. Queensland was first inhabited by Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders, the first European to land in Queensland was Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon in 1606, who explored the west coast of the Cape York Peninsula near present-day Weipa. In 1770, Lieutenant James Cook claimed the east coast of Australia for the Kingdom of Great Britain. The colony of New South Wales was founded in 1788 by Governor Arthur Phillip at Sydney, New South Wales at that time included all of what is now Queensland, Queensland was explored in subsequent decades until the establishment of a penal colony at Brisbane in 1824 by John Oxley. Penal transportation ceased in 1839 and free settlement was allowed from 1842, the state was named in honour of Queen Victoria, who on 6 June 1859 signed Letters Patent separating the colony from New South Wales. The 6th of June is now celebrated statewide as Queensland Day. Queensland achieved statehood with the Federation of Australia on 1 January 1901, the history of Queensland spans thousands of years, encompassing both a lengthy indigenous presence, as well as the eventful times of post-European settlement. The north-eastern Australian region was explored by Dutch, Spanish and French navigators before being encountered by Lieutenant James Cook in 1770, the Australian Labor Party has its origin as a formal organisation in Queensland and the town of Barcaldine is the symbolic birthplace of the party. June 2009 marked the 150th anniversary of its creation as a colony from New South Wales. The Aboriginal occupation of Queensland is thought to predate 50,000 BC, likely via boat or land bridge across Torres Strait, during the last ice age Queenslands landscape became more arid and largely desolate, making food and other supplies scarce. This led to the worlds first seed-grinding technology, warming again made the land hospitable, which brought high rainfall along the eastern coast, stimulating the growth of the states tropical rainforests. In February 1606, Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon landed near the site of what is now Weipa and this was the first recorded landing of a European in Australia, and it also marked the first reported contact between European and Aboriginal Australian people. The region was explored by French and Spanish explorers prior to the arrival of Lieutenant James Cook in 1770. Cook claimed the east coast under instruction from King George III of the United Kingdom on 22 August 1770 at Possession Island, naming Eastern Australia, including Queensland, the Aboriginal population declined significantly after a smallpox epidemic during the late 18th century

4.
Legislative Assembly of Queensland
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The Legislative Assembly of Queensland is the sole chamber of the unicameral Parliament of Queensland. Elections are held once every three years. Voting is by the preferential voting form of the alternative vote system. The Assembly has 89 members, who have used the letters MP after their names since 2000, there is approximately the same population in each electorate, however, that has not always been the case. The Assembly first sat in May 1860 and produced Australias first Hansard in April 1864, initially, the Legislative Assembly was the lower house of a typical Westminster-style bicameral parliament. The upper house was the Legislative Council, its members appointed for life by the government of the day, the first sitting, in May 1860, was held in the old converted convict barracks in Queen Street. It consisted of 26 members from 16 electorates, nearly half of whom were pastoralists or squatters, early sessions dealt with issues of land, labour, railways, public works, immigration, education and gold discoveries. In April 1864, Australias first Hansard was produced and it was the second Hansard to be made in the Commonwealth, after Nova Scotia in 1855. That year also saw member numbers increased to 32, and by 1868—as more redistributions occurred—the number grew to 42, members were not paid until 1886, effectively excluding the working class from state politics. The Assembly was elected under the first-past-the-post system 1860 to 1892, from then until 1942 an unusual form of preferential voting called the contingent vote was used. This was done by a government to prevent the Labor Party from gaining seats. In 1942 the plurality system was reintroduced until it was replaced in 1962 by the full form of the Alternative Vote. This was done by the Labor Party, which saw a decline in votes in the 1940s, in 1992, this was changed to the optional preferential system currently used. After 1912, electorates elected only a member to the Assembly. In 1922, the Legislative Council was abolished, with the help of known as the suicide squad. This left Queensland with a unicameral parliament—currently the only Australian state with this arrangement and it has been called a form of gerrymander, however it is more accurately referred to as an electoral malapportionment. The Queensland gerrymander, first introduced by the Australian Labor Party government of Ned Hanlon in 1949 used a series of electoral zones based on their distance from Brisbane, initially Queensland was divided into three zones—the metropolitan zone, the provincial cities zone and the rural zone. While the number of electors in each seat in a zone was roughly equal, thus an electorate in the remote zone might have as few as 5,000 electors, while a seat in the metropolitan zone might have as many as 25,000

5.
Parliament of Queensland
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The Parliament of Queensland is the legislature of Queensland, Australia. According to the constitution, the Parliament consists of the Queen. It is the unicameral state parliament in the country. The upper chamber, the Legislative Council, was abolished in 1922, the Legislative Assembly sits in Parliament House in the state capital, Brisbane. The Parliament was founded 22 May 1860, less than a year after the Colony of Queensland was created in June 1859 and it was convened at a converted former military and convict barracks located on Queen Street, Brisbane. Immigration was an important issue for the early Parliament, population growth was encouraged with new settlers enticed by land ownership. The official flag of Queensland was adopted in 1867, in 1915, Queensland became first state to make voting compulsory at state elections. Since 1 April 2003, live broadcasts have streamed through the internet from the Parliament while it is in session. In June 2007, the Parliament started broadcasting video of parliamentary proceedings, nine in-house television cameras are used to record sessions. The first female Speaker, Fiona Simpson was elected on 15 May 2012, the Assembly has 89 Members of Parliament. These are intended to represent approximately the same population in each electorate, Voting is by the Full Preferential Voting system, with elections held approximately once every three years. In April 2016, legislation was passed to increase the number of seats in the parliament by four to a total of 93, an amendment was also passed to abolish optional preferential voting. A referendum held the month was passed, supporting a bill to establish fixed four-year terms. The role of the monarch in Parliament is to give assent to legislation. This function is in practice exercised by the Governor of Queensland, the party or coalition with the most seats in the house is invited by the Governor to form a government. The leader of that party subsequently becomes Premier of Queensland, leading a Cabinet of Ministers, in the Liberal National Party, the Premier selects members of their party to act as Ministers. In the Labor Party, the Ministers are elected by partyroom ballot, once all winning candidates have been declared, the Governor of Queensland proclaims a date for the start of the new Parliament. It is the role of the Clerk of the Parliament to call members to attendance, according to the Constitution of Queensland Act 2001, members of Parliament must swear an oath or affirmation to the Sovereign as well as an oath of office before signing a Roll of Members

6.
Queensland state election, 1907
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 18 May 1907 to elect the 72 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The election was the first held since Premier William Kidston, formerly of the Labour Party, had founded a new movement with his own supporters as well as the Parliamentary Conservatives. The end result of the election was an improvement in Kidstons position, the main opposition group was Robert Philps Conservatives. Seat changes indicated are those caused by the election, at the election, Labour had 34 seats, Ministerial 21, Conservative 15. 1220,189 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, but 4 seats were uncontested—one Labor seat representing 1,352 enrolled voters,2 In 11 electorates, voters had two votes each, so the total number of votes exceeds the total number of voters. This election was held using the contingent vote and this election was the first held since women in Queensland gained the right to vote. Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1904–1907 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1907–1908 First Kidston Ministry

7.
Queensland state election, 1908
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 5 February 1908 to elect the 72 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The Kidston party contested only 32 of the 72 seats, compared to 55 at the previous election,1205,892 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, but 12 seats representing 30,069 voters were uncontested—six Labor seats, five Conservatives and one Kidston. 2 In 11 electorates, voters had two each, so the total number of votes exceeds the total number of voters. Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1907–1908 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1908–1909 Second Philp Ministry Second Kidston Ministry

8.
Queensland state election, 1912
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 27 April 1912 to elect the 72 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The election was the first for the recently formed Liberal government of Digby Denham, the opposition Labor Party was led by David Bowman, who had been Labor leader since 15 April 1907. Denham and his government were returned to office despite a swing to Labor of almost 10 percent and this was largely due to winning newly created seats in rural areas, while losing seats in Brisbane which mostly went to Labor. Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1909–1912 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1912–1915 Denham Ministry

9.
Queensland state election, 1915
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 22 May 1915 to elect the 72 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The election was the second for the Liberal government of Digby Denham, the opposition Labor Party, led by T. J. Labor had never before held majority government. However, it turned out that the change to compulsory voting was not enough to save Denhams premiership, the election resulted in the defeat of the government, and Queenslands first majority Labor government. All except two members of the Ministry up for election, including Denham himself, lost their seats, the election saw a landslide to Labor from the 1912 election. This was the start of a period of Labor hegemony over the Assembly which lasted until 1957, candidates of the Queensland state election,1915 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1912–1915 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1915–1918 Denham Ministry Ryan Ministry

10.
Queensland state election, 1918
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 16 March 1918 to elect the 72 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The election was the second for the Labor government of T. J. Ryan, the Nationalist opposition were led by Edward Macartney who replaced Digby Denham after the 1915 election when they were reduced to 21 seats. In turn, he was replaced by James Tolmie within three months, the election saw the Labor government returned to office with an increased vote and seat count for both Labor and the Nationalists from the 1915 election. Ryan resigned as premier a year after the election to run successfully for the federal seat of West Sydney in 1919. Ryan was replaced as premier by Ted Theodore, Theodore called the 1920 election one year into his premiership and two years after the 1918 election. After the election, Macartney returned to the leadership of the Nationalists and he was later replaced for a second time, this time by William Vowles. Within a few months though, Vowles created the Queensland Country Party, however, because Vowles had created the Country Party using most of the rural-based Nationalist MLAs, Vowles was able to remain as Opposition Leader. Candidates of the Queensland state election,1918 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1915–1918 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1918–1920 Ryan Ministry

11.
Queensland state election, 1920
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 9 October 1920 to elect the 72 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The Labor government was seeking its third term in office since the 1915 election and it was Premier Ted Theodores first election. During the previous term, a new party, the Queensland Country Party, had emerged from the Nationalist bloc, a Labor member, Alfred James, switched to the party, and the Maranoa by-election in 1919 saw them gain a seat at the expense of Labor. An additional party, the Northern Country Party, also formed during this time to represent the interests of North Queensland farmers and canegrowers, in order to avoid three-cornered contests with Labor, the three parties agreed upon a division of seats between themselves. 1462,218 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1918–1920 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1920–1923 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1920 Theodore Ministry

12.
Queensland state election, 1926
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 8 May 1926 to elect the 72 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The Labor government was seeking its fifth continuous term in office since the 1915 election, william McCormack was contesting his first election as Premier. During the previous term, the Country and United parties had merged into the Country,1484,212 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, but 5 Labor seats and one CPNP seat were filled without opposition. Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1923–1926 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1926–1929 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1926 Theodore Ministry

13.
Queensland state election, 1929
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 11 May 1929 to elect the 72 members of the states Legislative Assembly. In this election, Irene Longman became the first woman to stand and be elected into the Queensland Parliament. The Labor government was seeking its sixth term in office since the 1915 election. His main opponent was the Country and Progressive National Party, led by Arthur Edward Moore, the election resulted in the defeat of the McCormack government, and the first non-Labor ministry since 1915. The election saw the defeat of the Labor government by the CPNP,1517,466 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, but 4 seats were uncontested—2 Labor seats representing 9,041 enrolled voters and two CPNP seats representing 16,536 enrolled voters. The CPNP, found itself in power as the Great Depression took hold and it lost power after just one term

14.
Queensland state election, 1932
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 11 June 1932 to elect the 62 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The election was the first electoral test of the Country and Progressive National Party government led by Arthur Edward Moore, Labor had previously held office from 1915 until 1929. The election resulted in the defeat of the one-term Moore government by the Labor Party, the election saw a major swing to Labor from the 1929 election. Despite this, Labor went from a deficit of 16 seats to a surplus of 5 seats. 1525,944 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, Forgan Smith would go on to be premier for over 10 years, and Labor held power continuously until the partys split in 1957

15.
Queensland state election, 1935
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 11 May 1935 to elect the 62 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The Labor government of Premier William Forgan Smith was seeking a term after having defeated the Country. Labor received a significant swing and gained 13 seats, the election took place on new boundaries for the second election in a row. The election saw a swing to Labor from the 1932 election,1575,288 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, but 8 seats were uncontested—6 Labor seats representing 49,621 enrolled voters and two CPNP seats representing 17,907 enrolled voters. Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1932–1935 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1935–1938 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1935 Forgan Smith Ministry

16.
Queensland state election, 1938
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 2 April 1938 to elect the 62 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The Labor government of Premier William Forgan Smith was seeking a term in office. During the previous term, the Country and United Australia parties had emerged from the united Country and Progressive National Party, despite the campaign, Labor only lost one seat, Kelvin Grove, to the party. The unsuccessful Protestant Labor candidate for Ithaca, George Webb, lodged a petition against the return of Labor member Ned Hanlon and he was initially successful in the Supreme Court when the case was heard by Justice E. A. A further appeal by Webb to the High Court was refused leave on 31 March 1939. 1606,559 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1935–1938 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1938–1941 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1938 Forgan Smith Ministry

17.
Queensland state election, 1941
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 29 March 1941 to elect the 62 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The Labor government of Premier William Forgan Smith was seeking a term in office. The election saw a swing to Labor from the 1938 election,1634,916 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, but 5 seats were uncontested—4 Labor seats representing 38,607 enrolled voters and one Country seat representing 10,162 enrolled voters. 2 Due to the status of the Communist Party of Australia at the time of the election. Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1938–1941 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1941–1944 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1941 Forgan Smith Ministry

18.
Queensland state election, 1944
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 15 April 1944 to elect the 62 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The election was the first that Labor had contested under Premier Frank Cooper, from this election, the voting method was changed from contingency voting to First past the post voting. Queensland retained this method for state elections until Preferential Voting was restored by the Country/Liberal Coalition at the 1963 state election, the election resulted in Labor receiving a fifth term in office, albeit with a reduced majority. Some ructions had developed between some sections of the Labor Party and the partys AWU-dominated executive, resulting in tiny splinter movements which were, however, tom Aikens won the seat of Mundingburra at the election. Frank Barnes, a colourful identity who supported social credit theories popular since the Great Depression and declared himself opposed to the Labor government, retained his seat of Bundaberg. The two independent conservatives elected in 1941 were both out of parliament by the election — Arthur Bruce Pie had resigned to contest the 1943 federal election, whilst William Deacon had died. One of the former United Australia Party members, Louis Luckins, did not join the QPP originally, fred Paterson was elected in Bowen, the only member of the Communist Party of Australia to be elected to an Australian parliament. The election saw an away from Labor based on the 1941 election. In net terms, Labor lost four seats, although it still had a working majority. 1655,984 electors were enrolled to vote at the election,2 At the election, Frank Barnes and his brother Lou Barnes, both incumbents but the latter having gained the seat at a 1942 by-election, retained their seats. They contested later elections under the banner Frank Barnes Labor, Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1941–1944 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1944–1947 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1944 Cooper Ministry

19.
Queensland state election, 1950
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 29 April 1950 to elect the 75 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The Labor government was seeking its seventh continuous term in office since the 1932 election, the Assembly had been increased in size prior to the election by the Electoral Districts Act 1949 from 62 to 75 seats. 1718,685 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1947–1950 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1950–1953 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1950 Hanlon Ministry

20.
Queensland state election, 1953
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 7 March 1953 to elect the 75 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The Labor government was seeking its eighth continuous term in office since the 1932 election and it was the first electoral test for Vince Gair, who had become Premier of Queensland 14 months earlier after the death of Ned Hanlon. The result was a swing to the Labor government. Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1950–1953 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1953–1956 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1953 Gair Ministry

21.
Queensland state election, 1956
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 19 May 1956 to elect the 75 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The Labor government was seeking its ninth continuous term in office since the 1932 election, it would be Vince Gairs second election as Premier. 1775,258 electors were enrolled to vote at the election and this was to be Labors last successful election until the 1989 election. All these were expelled from the party. Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1953–1956 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1956–1957 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1956 Gair Ministry

22.
Queensland state election, 1957
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 3 August 1957 to elect the 75 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The elections, only 15 months into the term, were made necessary by the collapse of the nine-term Labor government. Gair had formed the Queensland Labor Party after being expelled from the Australian Labor Party, however, a request for supply was denied on 12 June, forcing the election. The Country-Liberal Coalition won a victory, taking 42 seats against only 31 for the two Labor factions combined. On 26 April, Gair and 25 MLAs met and formed the Queensland Labor Party with those present and those at the meeting included all of the Cabinet except Deputy Premier Duggan and two ex-Labor Independents. All these were expelled from the party. Duggan resigned from the ministry on 29 April and became leader of the Labor Party, Gair almost immediately began talks with Nicklin for confidence and supply support in the legislature. On 12 June 1957, Lieutenant Governor and Chief Justice of Queensland Alan Mansfield ordered Parliament to reassemble, shortly after 10,30 pm that night, Treasurer Ted Walsh moved that supply be granted to the Gair QLP government. The motion was defeated after the ALP and Coalition rose to vote against it, Gair immediately asked for new elections, which were called for 3 August. On 1 July, Frank Nicklin delivered the Country Partys policy speech at Maroochydore, on 4 July, Jack Duggan, the Labor leader, announced Labors campaign slogan, A fair go for all, and promised three weeks annual leave would be implemented if his party was elected. Nominations closed on 12 July, with a total of 219 candidates. Four seats were uncontested, but many seats had both Labor and QLP contestants, the campaigns were strongest in the leaders and deputy leaders own seats. When the writs were dropped, the Labor forces were in a precarious position, every ALP MP faced a QLP challenger, and every QLP MP faced an ALP challenger. This created dozens of three-cornered contests, and the first-past-the-post system left them without the option of directing preferences to each other if they wanted to do so. The Coalition actually suffered a swing of 1.2 percent against it, the ALP lost both Duggan and deputy leader Felix Dittmer, whose seats were won by Liberal candidates. The QLP lost 14 seats, but seven of the ten ministers retained their seats and this began what would be 32 years of non-Labor government in Queensland. 1791,719 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, the Country Partys win in this election proved to be one of the major turning points in Queensland politics, they remained in power continuously until the 1989 state election. The ALP elected Leslie Wood as party leader and Eric Lloyd as deputy leader, neither had previously served in a ministry

23.
Queensland state election, 1960
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 28 May 1960 to elect the 78 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The Country and Liberal parties had formed a coalition, the Country-Liberal coalition won a second term in office at the election, although the Labor Party recovered 5 seats and 11% of its vote from the 1957 election. Still, it was the first time since 1912 that a government had been re-elected in Queensland. 1831,398 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1957–1960 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1960–1963 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1960 Nicklin Ministry

24.
Queensland state election, 1963
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 1 June 1963 to elect the 78 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The Country and Liberal parties governed in coalition and this election marked the return of preferential voting after first past the post voting had been used for elections from 1944-1960. The Country-Liberal coalition won a term in office at the election. 1839,323 electors were enrolled to vote at the election, Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1960–1963 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1963–1966 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1963 Nicklin Ministry

25.
Queensland state election, 1969
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 17 May 1969 to elect the 78 members of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland. The Country-Liberal Coalition won its fifth consecutive victory since it won government in 1957, the election campaign was characterised by tension between the governing coalition partners. The election resulted in another win for the Coalition, but a strengthening of the Country Partys position vis-a-vis the Liberal Party, labor retained Isis, which it had gained unexpectedly at a November 1968 by-election from the Country Party following Premier Jack Pizzeys death. Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1966–1969 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1969–1972 Candidates of the Queensland state election,1969 Bjelke-Petersen Ministry

26.
Queensland state election, 1977
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 12 November 1977 to elect the 82 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The election resulted in a consecutive victory for the National-Liberal Coalition under Joh Bjelke-Petersen. It was the victory of the National Party in Queensland since it first came to office in 1957. The major issue in the election was law and order, in 1977, the Government had passed a law making it illegal to march in the street without a permit, which were rarely given. The Coalition argued that this prevented traffic disruption and other inconveniences to the people of Brisbane, Joh Bjelke-Petersen also no longer had the Whitlam Labor Government to use as a campaigning tool. The Labor Party gained twelve seats from the Coalition and Independents, even so, the Coalition retained a commanding majority in the Legislative Assembly. For the first time, the National Party won more votes than the Liberal party, the Liberal Party had begun to decline. The Democratic Labor Party had ceased to exist, the Australian Democrats contested their first election in Queensland. New parties in this election were the Australian Democrats, who stood 12 candidates, and the Progress Party, Members in italics did not recontest their seats. In addition, the Independent member for Mackay, Ed Casey re-joined the Labor party before the election, Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1974–1977 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1977–1980

27.
Queensland state election, 1980
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 29 November 1980 to elect the 82 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The election resulted in a consecutive victory for the National-Liberal Coalition under Joh Bjelke-Petersen. It was the victory of the National Party in Queensland since it first came to office in 1957. The election saw little change from the 1977 election, the Coalition Government was returned to office, although Labor gained two seats and the Liberals lost two. The Liberal decline continued, and tensions between the Coalition parties increased, in addition, the Liberal party retained Redcliffe, which was won from the National Party at the 1979 by-election. Candidates of the Queensland state election,1980

28.
Queensland state election, 1983
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Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 22 October 1983 to elect the 82 members of the states Legislative Assembly. The election resulted in a consecutive term of office for the National Party under Joh Bjelke-Petersen. It was the election win for the National Party in Queensland since it first came to office in 1957. White was sacked from cabinet for supporting the motion, in response, he launched a party-room coup against Liberal leader and deputy premier Llewellyn Edwards and became Liberal leader with Angus Innes as his deputy. In the normal course of events, this would have made White deputy premier, however, Whites progressive leanings didnt sit well with Bjelke-Petersen, and he refused to make White deputy premier. In response, White tore up the Coalition agreement and led the Liberals to the crossbench, however, Bjelke-Petersen prorogued Parliament ahead of the election, allowing him to govern for nine weeks without fear of being toppled on the floor of the legislature. The Nationals sought to gain enough seats to form a majority government in their own right, indeed, Bjelke-Petersen directed his campaign mainly at right-leaning Liberal voters, suggesting that the alternative was a Labor government propped up by Whites Liberals. The National Party was returned to office, one short of a majority. Labor also made gains, although not enough to challenge the dominance of the Bjelke-Petersen Government. The Liberals lost 14 seats, reducing them to a rump of eight seats, of the Liberals who crossed the floor, only White and Innes were reelected. Members in italics did not recontest their seats, bob Moore was elected as a Liberal in the previous election, but changed to the National party in 1983. After the election, Bjelke-Petersen openly invited Liberal MLAs to defect to the Nationals, on 25 October, two Liberal MLAs, Brian Austin and Don Lane took up Bjelke-Petersens offer and joined the Nationals. This gave them 43 seats, a majority of two--the first time that the Nationals had formed a majority at any level in Australia and this left only six Liberals, and marked the end of Terry White’s leadership and Angus Innes’ deputy leadership. Sir William Knox was returned as the new leader of the party, Labor had performed well, but not well enough, especially in North Queensland. Still, Labor strategists hoped that they had recovered enough seats to put them within striking distance of winning in 1986, candidates of the Queensland state election,1983