BEITZAH 22 - dedicated by Rabbi Kornfeld's father in memory of his aunt, Malka Gitel bas Reb Yakov Mordechai (Malvina Marmorstein), who, after the Holocaust, took him into her home and raised him as if he was her own child. Her Yahrzeit is 20 Nisan.

[22a - 57 lines; 22b - 38 lines]

1)[line 2]צוליןTZOLIN- roast

2)[line 5]קיתוןKITON- a pitcher [of water]

3a)[line 15]שערב לזהSHE'IREV L'ZEH- that he made an Eruv Tavshilin of baked and cooked items

b)[line 15]ולא ערב לזהV'LO IREV L'ZEH- and did not make an Eruv Tavshilin of insulated water

(a)Binyan (building) and Setirah (dismantling) are two of the thirty-nine Avos Melachos (creative acts of labor) that are prohibited on Shabbos (Mishnah to Shabbos 73a).

(b)Beis Shamai explain that these prohibitions apply not only to buildings attached to the ground, but to movable utensils as well. Beis Hillel maintain that Binyan and Setirah do not apply to utensils.

6)[line 22]שמעיהSHAM'EI- his attendant

7)[line 22]זקף לה לשרגאZAKAF LAH L'SHERAGA- tilted an earthenware oil lamp (O.F. croisel) [so that the oil within would no longer touch the wick, in order to conserve the oil]

8)[line 24]מבעירMAV'IR- igniting a fire (one of the thirty-nine Melachos that are prohibited on Shabbos)

9)[line 24]המסתפקHA'MISTAPEK- one who removes oil [in order to eat it]

10)[line 24]מכבהMECHABEH- extinguishing a fire (one of the thirty-nine Melachos that are prohibited on Shabbos)

11)[line 25]לאו אדעתאיLAV A'DAITA'I- I was unaware [that my attendant did such a thing]

12)[line 25]קנבאKINBA- a) (O.F. mochier) trimming [the charred part of the wick from the remaining wick] (RASHI, TOSFOS DH Kinba); b) According to the Girsa KINSA - removing twigs that have not yet caught from a large bonfire (RIF, cited by the ROSH 2:18)

13)[line 27]מפני דבר אחרMIPNEI DAVAR ACHER- in order to have relations [which may not be done in the presence of direct light]

22)[line 54]דקא עמיץ ופתחD'KA AMITZ U'FASACH- for you close and open [your eyes]

23)[line 55]דקאי כותךD'KA'I KAVASACH- who agreed with you[r objection and asked me the same question]

24)[line 55]מסייע אין בו ממשMESAYEI'A EIN BO MAMASH

(a)Regarding any action prohibited by the Torah, one is liable to receive punishment only if he is the only one to perform the forbidden action. If two people jointly perform the action, they are both Patur. An example of this is two people who together carry a very heavy object from a Reshus ha'Yachid to a Reshus ha'Rabim.

(b)This is only true, however, if neither of the two were able to accomplish the action without the help of the other. If one of the two would have been able to perform the entire action on his own and the other merely helped a bit (Mesayei'a), than the first is guilty while the second is not considered to have done any action at all.

25)[last line]יתעסקו בו עממיןYIS'ASKU BO AMAMIM- Nochrim should take care of [all of] his [needs that require the performance of Melachah, such as sewing shrouds, digging a grave, etc.]

22b----------------------------------------22b

26)[line 1]מה שאין כן בביצהMAH SHE'EIN KEN B'BEITZAH- whereas an egg [that is laid on the first day of Rosh Hashanah] is different [and one may not eat it on the second day]

27)[line 3]מעברי ליה לאלולME'ABRI LEI L'ELUL- they will add a thirtieth day to [the month of] Elul [resulting in two days of Rosh Hashanah]

28)[line 4]עזראEZRA- the leader of Klal Yisrael who led them from Bavel to Eretz Yisrael following the seventy-year-long Babylonian exile; known as Ezra ha'Sofer

29)[line 6]פת עבהPAS AVAH- thick Matzah

30)[line 8]לחם הפניםLECHEM HA'PANIM

(a)The Lechem ha'Panim (Showbread) refers to the twelve loaves arranged in two stacks (Sedarim) - six loaves to a stack - on the Golden Table of the Mishkan or Beis ha'Mikdash. The loaves are one Tefach thick and may not be Chametz. Fresh loaves are arranged on the Table every Shabbos and are left there through the following Shabbos. The loaves are eaten by Kohanim after their removal (Vayikra 24:5-9).

(b)The house of Garmo were those responsible for the baking of the Lechem ha'Panim. Their expertise lay in the art of shaping the Lechem ha'Panim, which were baked in a particularly unusual form.

31a)[line 9]זריזיןZERIZIN- those especially meticulous [in the baking of the Lechem ha'Panim; namely, the house of Garmo (see previous entry)]

c)[line 11]עצים יבשיםETZIM YEVEISHIM- dry wood (which was the only kind used in the Beis ha'Mikdash)

d)[line 12]תנור חםTANUR CHAM- a hot oven [such as the one in the Beis ha'Mikdash which was always warm, in which case the bread bakes quickly and has less of a chance of becoming Chametz]

e)[line 13]תנור של מתכתTANUR SHEL MATECHES- a metal oven [such as the one in the Beis ha'Mikdash, in which case it gets very hot and the dough has less of a chance of becoming Chametz]

32)[line 14]שאלית את רבי ביחודSHE'ELIS ES REBBI B'YICHUD- I asked my Rebbi a) privately; b) in a way that left no doubt

33)[line 16]רבינו הקדושREBEINU HA'KADOSH- this is the Tana known as Rebbi

34)[line 17]דנפישא בלישהD'NEFISHA B'LISHA- a) there is a lot of dough (RASHI); b) each loaf is very large (TOSFOS)

35)[line 17]אתריהASREI- the place in which he lived

36)[line 21]מכבדין בית המטותMECHABDIN BEIS HA'MITOS- one may sweep the dining area, where people recline as they eat. The reason why this might be problematic is that our Mishnah assumes a dirt floor, in which case one may even out the holes in the floor. This may be considered Boneh (building), which is prohibited on Shabbos and Yom Tov.

38)[line 22]גדי מקולסGEDI MEKULAS- a helmeted kid-goat [in which a the hooves and entrails hang next to the animal on the spit similar to the way in which the weapons of a warrior hang at his side (RASHI); b) the hooves and entrails hang on the spit above the animal's head as it roasts (RASHI to Pesachim 74)]

42)[line 32]מעשנין אותןME'ASHNIN OSAN- they would fill them with incense-laden smoke

43)[line 32]פוקקין נקביהןPOKEKIN NIKVEIHEN- they would stop up their openings

44)[line 33]למחר כשאורחים נכנסיןL'MACHAR KESHE'ORCHIM NICHNASIN ...- It is clear from this account that the purpose of the incense placed upon the coals discussed in our Mishnah was to perfume the air, not clothing and vessels.

45)[line 36]לעשןL'ASHEN- to smoke [fruits with incense on Yom Tov in order to enhance their flavor]

46)[line 37]שמכבהSHE'MECHABEH- [through placing incense upon coals,] one [partly] extinguishes [the coals]. This is permitted on Yom Tov only for that which is considered pleasurable by everyone, but not every person is interested in incense-smoked fruits.