Abstract

Background: Acute appendicitis (AP) is a common medical emergency sometimes posing a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. Intravascular lymphocytosis (IVL) in appendicectomy specimens removed for AP is a common phenomenon that has not been described and studied in details in surgical pathology textbooks. With the aim to evaluate the microscopic features of AP and to explore the significance and incidence of this phenomenon, 220 appendicectomy specimens were collected in the period of January 2010 to December 2011 in the Medical Laboratory, University of Gezira.

Methods: Haematoxylin and eosin (H/E) stained sections were examined histopathologically. Sections with IVL were stained for immunohistochemistry using CD20 and CD3 to identify the type of lymphocytes. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 16.

Results: Microscopic examination revealed that the classical features of AP were observed in 65.9% of cases, perforation was present in 6.4% and 27.7% of cases showed no features of AP. The IVL was present in 37 of cases (16.8%), observed more commonly in the mesoappendix {62.2%}. It is more common in specimens with no evidence of inflammation or obstruction. Immunohistochemical stains revealed mixed B- and T- lymphocyte populations.

Conclusion: The study provides evidence that IVL represents a common and distinct microscopic feature in appendicectomy sections. Being not described in common histopathology books, it might be overlooked by pathologist. Immunohistochemistry confirmed its inflammatory nature. Sometimes it might be so prominent that it can be mistaken for intravascular lymphoid neoplasia and may be misinterpreted by inexperienced pathologists. The phenomenon might constitute a new entity added to the previous microscopic faces of appendicular inflammatory processes. Further studies with a larger sample size and more parameters are recommended to highlight the blurred areas of this phenomenon.

Author

Dr. Wafaa Mohammed Abdelwahab Eltazi

Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, AlNeelain University

Abstract

Background information: Periodontal disease is a pathological condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth. They can be either periodontitis or gingivitis. Periodontitis is characterized clinically by gingival bleeding on probing, loss of attachment, pocket formation, alveolar bone loss.Cigarette smoking is a major systemic risk factor for periodontal diseases.Aim of study: To assess the effect of cigarette smoking on the gingival bleeding.

Abstract

Background: The objective of the current study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of anti-Cyclic-Citrullinated protein antibodies (anti-CCP antibodies) as compared to that of Rheumatoid Factor (RF) in diagnosing patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Methodology Fifty six samples also were collected from Sudanese patients (46 females, 9 males) with rheumatic diseases who visited the rheumatology clinic ElRibat Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan. Titers of RF and anti-CCP antibodies of each patient were recorded. Sensitivity and specificity of the test were evaluated using ELISA as the gold standard method. Results The sensitivity of (RF) test (41/56) was 73.2% whereas the sensitivity of Anti CCP test (34/56) was 60.7%. The specificity of RF test (44/56) was 78.6%, whereas the specificity of Anti CCP test (54/56) was 96.4%. Conclusions The combination of anti-CCP and RF tests provides nearly 100% and thus could be helpful in the differential diagnosis of RA and other rheumatic diseases.

Quality of nursing care for under-five children regarding management of dehydration

Khartoum City - Governmental hospitals

(2013)

Author

Nadia Mamoun Amin1; Prof: Abdelmageed Osman Musa2

1-Msc in Pediatric Nursing

Alneelain University, Faculty of Nursing Sciences

2- Associate Professor/Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, International University of Africa- Khartoum, Sudan

Correspondence to Nadia Mamoun Amin

Email: nadiamamounamin1@gmail.com

Abstract

Background:

Dehydration is one of the leading causes of mortality among under-five children worldwide and mainly in developing countries. In Sudan, 20% of under-five children die due to dehydration. Nursing is essential in the management of dehydration. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of nursing care which was received by under-five children who were primary diagnosed with dehydration

Materials and methods:

A total of 159 pediatric nurses were enrolled in this study. Data was collected by structured questionnaire and observational checklist and were analyzed by SPSS.

Results:

The international standards of ratio nurse patient are 1:4. While in this study it is 1:7. Analysis of nurses’ knowledge in managing dehydration showed that 63% had good knowledge and knowledge about quality concepts

Most of the studied nurses had diploma (52.8%) only 30.2% had a bachelor's degree. 5.7% held a masters degree.

There were significance association between professional nurses and high quality of care regarding knowledge (P – Value = 0.016)

The performance of nurses was generally poor (70%) mainly in the assessment and monitoring the hydration status.

Conclusion:

Although nurses had adequate knowledge about management of dehydration, but the performance is poor.

The work-pressure is high as the ratio of nurse to patient is 1:17, but still the results revealed a serious problem and an indicator of deficit in pre-service and in-service training.

Quality of nursing care for under-five children regarding management of dehydration

Khartoum City - Governmental hospitals

(2013)

Author

Nadia Mamoun Amin1; Prof: Abdelmageed Osman Musa2

1-Msc in Pediatric Nursing

Alneelain University, Faculty of Nursing Sciences

2- Associate Professor/Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, International University of Africa- Khartoum, Sudan

Correspondence to Nadia Mamoun Amin

Email: nadiamamounamin1@gmail.com

Abstract

Background:

Dehydration is one of the leading causes of mortality among under-five children worldwide and mainly in developing countries. In Sudan, 20% of under-five children die due to dehydration. Nursing is essential in the management of dehydration. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of nursing care which was received by under-five children who were primary diagnosed with dehydration

Materials and methods:

A total of 159 pediatric nurses were enrolled in this study. Data was collected by structured questionnaire and observational checklist and were analyzed by SPSS.

Results:

The international standards of ratio nurse patient are 1:4. While in this study it is 1:7. Analysis of nurses’ knowledge in managing dehydration showed that 63% had good knowledge and knowledge about quality concepts

Most of the studied nurses had diploma (52.8%) only 30.2% had a bachelor's degree. 5.7% held a masters degree.

There were significance association between professional nurses and high quality of care regarding knowledge (P – Value = 0.016)

The performance of nurses was generally poor (70%) mainly in the assessment and monitoring the hydration status.

Conclusion:

Although nurses had adequate knowledge about management of dehydration, but the performance is poor.

The work-pressure is high as the ratio of nurse to patient is 1:17, but still the results revealed a serious problem and an indicator of deficit in pre-service and in-service training.

The IEC messages must be acceptable to the target population. If communication

material contains something offensive, is not believable, the audience will reject the message conveyed.The overall aim of the study was to assess the acceptability of reproductive health IEC printed materials.

Materials and methods:

A descriptive -cross sectional study was conducted in health facilities at Khartoum and East Nile localities at Khartoum State. The total number of mothers enrolled in this study mounted to 385 mothers. Data were collected using a standardized administered questionnaire to assess the acceptability of information, education and communication printed materials in reproductive health. SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the collected data.

Results:

More than half (56.9%) of mothers from both study samples were in the age group 22-28 years. The mean age of mothers was 27.66 with standard deviation 6.563 yrs.15% of the respondents were illiterate while the educational level of most of the respondents was primary education and university; 30.9%, 21.3% respectively.

Conclusions: All IEC materials were accepted by the vast majority of mothers in both localities. IEC pictures that were not culturally accepted by respondents need some modifications and adjustments, especially IEC material delivery plan.

The IEC messages must be acceptable to the target population. If communication

material contains something offensive, is not believable, the audience will reject the message conveyed.The overall aim of the study was to assess the acceptability of reproductive health IEC printed materials.

Materials and methods:

A descriptive -cross sectional study was conducted in health facilities at Khartoum and East Nile localities at Khartoum State. The total number of mothers enrolled in this study mounted to 385 mothers. Data were collected using a standardized administered questionnaire to assess the acceptability of information, education and communication printed materials in reproductive health. SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the collected data.

Results:

More than half (56.9%) of mothers from both study samples were in the age group 22-28 years. The mean age of mothers was 27.66 with standard deviation 6.563 yrs.15% of the respondents were illiterate while the educational level of most of the respondents was primary education and university; 30.9%, 21.3% respectively.

Conclusions: All IEC materials were accepted by the vast majority of mothers in both localities. IEC pictures that were not culturally accepted by respondents need some modifications and adjustments, especially IEC material delivery plan.