Saturday, March 26, 2011

In my previous three posts, I linked the skills of leaders and teachers by comparing the five critical behaviors of ateacher to associated leadership skills. I'm a former teacher and I find myself using my teacher skills and behaviors every day. I have deep regard for the skills of a good teacher and this series of posts is my proposal that thoseteacher skills are also essential leadership skills.

Here is the complete list of the critical teacher behaviors and the same behaviors applied to leadership:

Five Critical Behaviors of a Teacher

Five Critical Behaviors of a Leader

Teach to an objective

Lead to an objective. Have clarity in your misison.

SELECT an objective at the appropriate level of difficulty.

Put people in a position and role where they can succeed.Pursue clarity in roles.

MAINTAIN the focus of the learner on the learning.

MAINTAIN the focus on the follower.

USE without abuse the Principles of Learning (Active Participation, Motivation, Closure, Reinforcement)

USE without abuse the Principles of leadership (Active Participation, Motivation, Engagement, Trust)

MONITOR and adjust.

MONITOR and adjust.

In this post, I focus on the the third critical behavior of teachers and leaders, maintain the focus on the learner or follower.

In teaching, the activities of the teacher need to focus on the learner. It's another simple concept. Teaching is not a brain dump or continuous lecture of information. Learning requires active participation of the learner.

Constructionist theories of learning propose that the teacher is a facilitator who crafts a learning experience that allows the learner to construct their own understanding of the content. The activities of a good teacher should center around learning (learner-focused) and not about teaching (teacher-focused). Teaching is not a performance. It's about learning.

The activities of a good leader should also focus on the follower and not the leader. A good leader is not about command and control. It is about facilitating, coordinating, collaborating, trusting and influencing. It's a big job and it's difficult.

Here are some snippets of previous Lead Quiety posts that focus on this concept.

Focus on influence, not control.Enlist people around you to work on a common cause. Try to get people to act on their own. Adopt the perspective of the people around you. Don't hoard information. Share it. Keep things simple and clear and win the devotion of the people around you. Think influence not control.

Eisenhower never used the word "I". It was always "we," except one time when he wrote out the message that would be handed to the press in the event the landings failed. And there he used the personal vertical pronoun, it's my fault, I did it. Otherwise it was always "we".

... the sooner leaders stop trying to be all things to all people, the better off their organizations will be. In today’s world, the executive’s job is no longer to command and control but to cultivate and coordinate the actions of others at all levels of the organization. Only when leaders come to see themselves as incomplete—as having both strengths and weaknesses—will they be able to make up for their missing skills by relying on others.

In summary, isn't leadership really more about followership? A good leader should focus focus on the follower andlead like a teacher.

Put people in a position and role where they can succeed.Pursue clarity in roles.

MAINTAIN the focus of the learner on the learning.

MAINTAIN the focus on the follower.

USE without abuse the Principles of Learning (Active Participation, Motivation, Closure, Reinforcement)

USE without abuse the Principles of leadership (Active Participation, Motivation, Engagement, Trust)

MONITOR and adjust.

MONITOR and adjust.

In this post, I focus on the the second critical behavior of teachers and leaders.

The concept for a teacher is simple. A good teacher teaches at the appropriate level of difficulty. A third grader who is just learning his/her multiplication facts isn't ready to receive a lesson on quantum physics. Of course, a good teach constantly monitors and adjusts (this is another key behavior that I want to explore later) in order to get to the right level of difficulty.

As a leader/manager, I try to use a parallel concept with two tenents:

Put people in a position and role where they can succeed.

Pursue clarity in roles.

The Tom Kelly Approach

I refer to the challenge of putting people in a role where they can succeed as the "Tom Kelly Approach." For years, I have attributed my discovery of this concept to Tom Kelly, the former manager of the Minnesota Twins. Hence I think of it as the Tom Kelly Approach even when many of my colleagues don't recognize or remember who Tom Kelly is.

This concept came to me during Kelly's weekly radio show in his response to a call-in listener who was insisting that Kelly should be starting the backup catcher who was hitting over .300 at the time. Kelly responded to the caller by proposing that this was a bad idea. In his own direct language, he declared that one of his roles as the manager of the team was to put his players in a role where they can succeed. In this case, he clearly stated his opinion that the backup catcher would fail in a role as the every day starter.

It is one of those conversations that lit a bulb for me and stayed with me, well after most people have forgotten who Tom Kelly is. Like a teacher needs to teach to the right level of difficulty, as a leader/manager I try to put people in roles where they can succeed.

The second tenent of this concept refers to the need to communicate so that people are clear in their roles. This is a concept that I discovered while teaching for the University of Phoenix while pursuing information that would help student groups. I have written about this before in Manifest Team 1: Characteristics of High Performance Teams where I discussed the need for clarity in writing:

Clear roles: Team members need to understand their roles and assignments. And it's better when the understanding includes the big picture, task interdependence, and how one members work affects other members.

Just like a great teacher who is able to provide the perfect lesson at the right level of difficulty for a learner, a great leader/manager needs to be able to place a team member in a perfect and clear role to be successful. It is just another example of parallel critical behaviors between teachers and leaders.

In my own quiet fashion, I continue to show respect for the skills of a good teacher. My series also includes: