Getting Started with JOSM

How to download and install JOSM, the Java OpenStreetMap editor, change some of the settings, open a sample map and
learn some of the basic operations of the software. Remember in the
introduction chapter when we asked you to draw a map of your town or
village? We will conclude this chapter by drawing your map again, this
time digitally. After this you should have a good understanding of how
to draw maps in JOSM.

Download JOSM

If you have a copy of JOSM on a CD or usb flash drive, you can skip
to the next section, Install JOSM.

If you don’t have JOSM already, or want the newest version, open
your web browser - this may be Firefox, Chrome, Opera, or Internet
Explorer.

In the address bar at the top of the window, enter the following
text and press Enter: josm.openstreetmap.de

You can also find the JOSM website by searching the internet for “JOSM”.

The website should look something like this:

If you have Windows installed on your computer, click “Windows Installer” to download JOSM.

If you have a different operating
system, click on the link for your system. Your download should
begin. In this chapter we will assume that you are using Windows,
but the instructions are similar for other operating systems.

Install JOSM

You may have problems installing JOSM if Java is not already
installed on your computer. If you have problems in this section,
try downloading and installing Java. You can download it here:
http://www.java.com/en/download/

Find the JOSM install file on your computer. Double-click it to
begin setup.

Click ‘OK’, ‘Next’, ‘I Agree’, and ‘Install’. When the installation
is complete, click ‘Finish’ to launch JOSM for the first time.
Later, when you want to start JOSM, you can do so by clicking on the
Start Menu in the lower left corner of your computer, and clicking
the program JOSM.

You may see a window pop up that asks if you want to update the
software. You don’t need to update it since it is new. Press the
button that says “Cancel.” If you don’t ever want to see this
message again, check the box at the bottom before pressing “Cancel.”

When JOSM starts, it will look something like this:

JOSM Preferences

There are many different settings that you can customize in JOSM.
One setting that you may want to adjust is the language. JOSM has
been translated into numerous languages, and you may prefer to
work in a different one.

To access the Preferences window, click Edit -> Preferences.

On the left side, click the icon that looks like a paint can and
paint brush.

At the top of the window, click the tab that says “Look and Feel”.

Choose your language in the dropdown box next to the word
“Language”.

Click OK.

You need to restart JOSM to save your settings. Click “File” in the upper
left corner, and Click “Restart” near the bottom of the menu.

Learn Basic Drawing with JOSM

Now let’s open up a sample OSM file which we will use to learn the
basic ways to draw maps with JOSM. Note that this map is not real,
in that it is not a real map of a real place, so we will not save it
on OpenStreetMap.

Now let’s open the sample map file in JOSM. Click the
“Open” button in the upper left.

Find the file sample.osm. It is probably in your Downloads folder,
unless you saved it somewhere else. Click on it, and then click “Open”.

You should now see a sample map that looks like this:

You will use these data in order to try various editing techniques.
You must however never upload these fictitious data to the database.

Basic Operations

To move the map left or right, up or down, hold your right mouse
button down, and move your mouse.

There are several ways to zoom in and out of the map. If you have a
mouse, you can use your scroll wheel to zoom in and out. If you are
using a laptop and don’t have a mouse, you can zoom in and out using
the scale bar in the upper left of the map window. Drag the bar left
and right by holding your left mouse down and moving the bar left or
right with your mouse.

Look at the sample map. There a few different types of objects here.
There is a river, a forest, some buildings, several roads, and a
couple of shops. To select an object, click on it with your left
mouse button.

Points, Lines, and Shapes

As you click different objects on the sample map, notice that there
are three different types of objects on the map. There are points,
lines, and shapes.

Points are a single location, represented by symbols. On this sample
map, there are two points, a shoe shop and a supermarket. The
shoe shop is represented by a shoe symbol, and the market is
represented by a shopping cart.

There are several lines on the map as well, which represent roads.
If you look closely you will see that within the lines, there are
points as well. These points don’t have any symbols or other
information associated with them, but they help to define where the
line is located.

Lastly, there are numerous shapes on the sample map, representing
different places - a forest, a river, a park, and buildings. A shape
is used to represent an area, like a field or a building. A shape is
exactly like a line - the only difference is that the line begins at
the same point where it ends.

It’s easy to think of a map as containing these three basic types of objects -
points, lines, and shapes. In OpenStreetMap there is special terminology
which you will come to learn as you progress. In OSM, points are actually called
nodes, and lines are called ways. A shape is called a closed way
because it is just a line that ends at the same point where it begins.

You may notice that when you select an object, a list appears to the
right of the map in a window called “Properties”. These are known as
tags. Tags are information that is tied to a point, line or shape
that describes what it is. We’ll learn more about tags in a later
chapter. For now all you need to know is that this
information helps describe whether our object is a forest, a river,
a building, or something else.

Think about drawing a map by hand, and how you are also drawing
points, lines, and shapes. What other places are best represented by
points? Lines? Shapes?

Changing Objects

Select the forest on the left side of the map. Be sure to click on
the line around the forest, not one of the points on the line. Now
hold your left mouse button down and drag your mouse. You should be
able to move the forest to a new location on the map.

Click on one of the points on the line around the forest. Hold your
left mouse button down and drag your mouse. You should be able to
move the point. This is how you can change the shape of an object,
or move a point.

Drawing

On the left side of JOSM is a column of buttons. Many of these
buttons open new windows on the right side that provide more
information about the map. The most important buttons, however, are
at the top of these column. These buttons change what you can do
with your mouse.

The top buttons in this column are the ones you will use the most.
They are used for selecting objects and for drawing new ones.

Until now, you have been using the Select tool, which looks like
this:

Before you draw, you need to make sure that nothing is selected.
Click in the black space on the map, where it is empty, to make sure
nothing is selected.

Click on the second button, the Draw tool.

Find an empty area on the map, and double-click with your mouse.
This will draw a single point.

To draw a line, single-click with your mouse. Move your mouse and
click again. Continue until you are happy with your line. To end the
line, double-click your mouse.

Draw a shape the same way that you draw a line, but finish the shape
by double-clicking on the point where you started the line.

Add Presets

Now we know how to draw points, lines and shapes, but we still
haven’t defined what they represent. We want to be able to say that
our points are shops, schools, or something else, and whether our
shapes are fields, buildings, or something else.

Click on the Select tool, in the column of buttons on the left.

Select one of the objects that you drew with the Draw tool. On the
top menu, click “Presets”. Move your mouse through the sub-menu to
the type of location you would like to define.

When you click on a preset, a form will pop up asking you for more
information. You do not have to fill in every field, but you may
wish to add some of the important fields, such as the name of the
object.

When you are finished entering the information, click “Apply
Preset”. If everything went well, your point, line, or shape should
change colors or show a symbol. This is because you have defined
what it is.

Draw Your Own Map

Now let’s draw a map in order to practice the techniques you have
learned. You may wish to redraw the map that you drew on paper previously.

Drag the map away from the sample map. Hold the right mouse button
and drag your mouse, until you have a nice empty area to draw on.

Use the Draw tool to create points, lines, and shapes. Describe what
your objects are by selecting from the Presets menu.

When you are finished, you should have your own map, similar to the
sample map that we opened in sample.osm.

Remove the sample layer

Once you feel comfortable with these basic editing techniques you might want
to turn your attention to mapping real features.

It is very important that you first remove the layer with the sample data.
These data are fictitious and must not be uploaded to the OpenStreetMap
database (newer JOSM releases automatically prevent this).

In the Layers window on the upper right of the screen select the sample.osm layer.
Then click on the trash can icon in the lower right corner of that window.
Alternatively you can choose delete from the context menu of the layer.
In order to continue editing you first need to download real data.
This will be explained in the next chapter.

Summary

Excellent! If all went well you have learned how to setup JOSM on your
computer, and the basic tools for drawing maps. In the next chapter we will
take a closer look at the process of editing the OSM map with JOSM.