Participants were deemed eligible if their diabetes was treated with diet or glucose-lowering medications (except sulfonylureas or insulin), age was 35-70 years, BMI was 23-35 kg/m2 and HbA1c was below 75 mmol/mol (9%). cognitive function was assessed with a neurocognitive test battery measuring verbal memory, executive function, sustained attention and psychomotor speed.

A measurement for psychomotor speed was selected as the primary outcome. Participants and people assessing the outcomes were blinded to group assignment.

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