Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

also called: Chronic Myelogeneous LeukemiaA chronic disease of the blood and bone marrow that results from a transformation of a stem cell.

Philadelphia chromosome

A certain change in chromosomes (on chromosome 22) found in 95% of patients who have CML. The Philadelphia chromosome results from a mutation that involves the fusion of parts of chromosome 9 and chromosome 22 (the bcr-abl fusion gene)

Inclusion criteria

Inlusion criteria define which subjects may participate in a clinical study. Study subjects must fulfill all inclusion criteria (e.g. with regard to sex, age, previous diseases). This ensures a uniform composition of the study population and minimizes the risk of influences that distort the study results.

Accelerated Phase

A phase of development of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia between chronic and blast phase. Untreated, the accelerated phase progresses to blast phase within a few months.

Chronic phase

The earliest phase of CML development.

Chromosome

A chromosome is a structure of DNA that carries the genetic makeup in the nucleus of the cell. Chromosomes contain giant chain molecules of DNA, coiled and folded as aggregates with specific proteins. Chromosomes ensure that during cell division the hereditary information is evenly distributed to the daughter cells. Normal human body cells have 46 chromosomes. Cancer cells can have a different number and/or structure of chromosomes.

Indication

In medicine, a reason to use a certain diagnostic test, therapeutic procedure or medication. The opposite of indication is contraindication.

Bosutinib

Bosutinib (development name SKI-606, trade name Bosulif), a second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Also called Bosulif|SKI-606|SKI606

Dasatinib

Trade name: Sprycel, development name: BMS-354825, inhibits BCR-ABL and SRC tyrosine kinases. Authorized for marketing in the EU since 2006 for the treatment of CML and Ph+ALL.Other names: BMS-354825|BMS354825|Sprycel

Nilotinib

Trade name: Tasigna, development name: AMN107, inhibits BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Authorized for marketing in the EU since 2007 for the treatment of CML and Ph+ALL.Other names: |AMN107|Tasigna

Imatinib

Imatinib, trade name Glivec/Gleevec, development name STI-571, a first-generation BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibition. Authorized for marketing since 2002 for the treatment of CML and Ph-positive ALL.Other names: Gleevec|Glivec

BCR-ABL

The abnormal gene that characterizes Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, which is a fusion of the BCR gene of chromosome 9 and the ABL gene of chromosome 22

Chronic

Long-lasting, slowly developping

Blast

An immature white blood cell that normally represents an early phase of the development process of a blood stem cell in the bone marrow

ECOG

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Index to classify the quality of life of cancer patients on a scale ranging from 0 (fully active, able to carry on all predisease activities without restriction) to 5 (death).

Also often referred to as ECOG performance status.

CML

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, also called Chronic Myelogenous LeukemiaA chronic disease of the blood and bone marrow that results from a transformation of a stem cell.

ASH

American Society of Hematology

Ph+

Abbreviation for "Philadelphia-Chromosome-positive", meaning the presence of a certain change in chromosomes (on chromosome 22) found in 95% of patients who have CML. The Philadelphia chromosome results from a mutation that involves the fusion of parts of chromosome 9 and chromosome 22 (the bcr-abl fusion gene).

CHR

Abbreviation for Complete Hematologic Response. The blood cell count has returned to normal, and tests don’t show any immature white blood cells. Also, the spleen has returned to a normal size if it was enlarged.

Patients must be 18 years or older and have adequate bone marrow, liver and kidney functions.They should have an ECOG of 0-1 if in Chronic Phase or of 0-3 if they are treated fourth line (and beyond) in Chronic Phase or if they are in Accelerated Phase or Blast Phase.

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

also called: Chronic Myelogeneous LeukemiaA chronic disease of the blood and bone marrow that results from a transformation of a stem cell.

Philadelphia chromosome

A certain change in chromosomes (on chromosome 22) found in 95% of patients who have CML. The Philadelphia chromosome results from a mutation that involves the fusion of parts of chromosome 9 and chromosome 22 (the bcr-abl fusion gene)

Inclusion criteria

Inlusion criteria define which subjects may participate in a clinical study. Study subjects must fulfill all inclusion criteria (e.g. with regard to sex, age, previous diseases). This ensures a uniform composition of the study population and minimizes the risk of influences that distort the study results.

Accelerated Phase

A phase of development of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia between chronic and blast phase. Untreated, the accelerated phase progresses to blast phase within a few months.

Chronic phase

The earliest phase of CML development.

Chromosome

A chromosome is a structure of DNA that carries the genetic makeup in the nucleus of the cell. Chromosomes contain giant chain molecules of DNA, coiled and folded as aggregates with specific proteins. Chromosomes ensure that during cell division the hereditary information is evenly distributed to the daughter cells. Normal human body cells have 46 chromosomes. Cancer cells can have a different number and/or structure of chromosomes.

Indication

In medicine, a reason to use a certain diagnostic test, therapeutic procedure or medication. The opposite of indication is contraindication.

Bosutinib

Bosutinib (development name SKI-606, trade name Bosulif), a second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Also called Bosulif|SKI-606|SKI606

Dasatinib

Trade name: Sprycel, development name: BMS-354825, inhibits BCR-ABL and SRC tyrosine kinases. Authorized for marketing in the EU since 2006 for the treatment of CML and Ph+ALL.Other names: BMS-354825|BMS354825|Sprycel

Nilotinib

Trade name: Tasigna, development name: AMN107, inhibits BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Authorized for marketing in the EU since 2007 for the treatment of CML and Ph+ALL.Other names: |AMN107|Tasigna

Imatinib

Imatinib, trade name Glivec/Gleevec, development name STI-571, a first-generation BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibition. Authorized for marketing since 2002 for the treatment of CML and Ph-positive ALL.Other names: Gleevec|Glivec

BCR-ABL

The abnormal gene that characterizes Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, which is a fusion of the BCR gene of chromosome 9 and the ABL gene of chromosome 22

Chronic

Long-lasting, slowly developping

Blast

An immature white blood cell that normally represents an early phase of the development process of a blood stem cell in the bone marrow

ECOG

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Index to classify the quality of life of cancer patients on a scale ranging from 0 (fully active, able to carry on all predisease activities without restriction) to 5 (death).

Also often referred to as ECOG performance status.

CML

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, also called Chronic Myelogenous LeukemiaA chronic disease of the blood and bone marrow that results from a transformation of a stem cell.

ASH

American Society of Hematology

Ph+

Abbreviation for "Philadelphia-Chromosome-positive", meaning the presence of a certain change in chromosomes (on chromosome 22) found in 95% of patients who have CML. The Philadelphia chromosome results from a mutation that involves the fusion of parts of chromosome 9 and chromosome 22 (the bcr-abl fusion gene).

CHR

Abbreviation for Complete Hematologic Response. The blood cell count has returned to normal, and tests don’t show any immature white blood cells. Also, the spleen has returned to a normal size if it was enlarged.

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