Part two of this three-part series discusses the R&D endeavors of Zhejiang manufacturers.

Solar panel suppliers in Zhejiang province are boosting the performance of their models to penetrate further the midrange and high-end markets. At most companies, efforts are geared toward enhancing conversion efficiency.

Many makers are aiming for a ratio of 20 percent for polycrystalline modules and 21 percent for monocrystalline types within five years. Suppliers seem close to achieving these targets, with several new designs already having ratings exceeding 16 percent.

For amorphous silicon variants, the objective is to raise the efficiency level from the current 6 to 8 percent range to 10 percent.

Zhejiang makers are proactive in keeping abreast of the latest trends and technologies to beef up R&D capability. Many send in-house designers to local and international workshops and trade shows, and a number communicate with clients as well.

To ensure safety and overall quality, suppliers have models undergo several inspections. The typical QC process begins by examining raw materials and components, and rejecting defective pieces prior to production. Spot checks are carried out at each stage of the manufacturing process, up to prepackaging.

ISO 9001:2008 guidelines are followed at many factories. Most PV modules, meanwhile, comply with CE, UL, VDE, RoHS and IEC requirements. A service life of 25 years is common.

Most units are covered by tempered low-iron glass, while the frame is constructed from anodized aluminum alloy. For ease in installation, the latter has four to six mounting points that can fit various rack styles. The junction box is sealed against water intrusion.

Interviewed makers expect spending for raw materials and components to remain stable in coming months. Consequently, prices will stay at current levels.

All price quotes in this report are in US dollars unless otherwise specified. FOB prices were provided by the companies interviewed only as reference prices at the time of interview and may have changed.

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