Any conversation about the greatest racehorses of the 19th century has to begin with the mighty Hindoo.

Foaled in 1878, Hindoo was a bay colt by Virgil out of the Lexington mare Florence. Bred by Daniel Swigert at Stockwell Farm in Kentucky, Hindoo arrived at the races as a 2-year-old in 1880 and immediately announced his presence with authority.

By the time he concluded his career in 1882, Hindoo had won 30 of 35 starts — including 18 consecutive victories during his 3-year-old season — and established a new record for career earnings at $71,875. Twenty-six of his wins were in stakes races.

Hindoo made his career debut for trainer Lee Paul at the old Kentucky Association track in Lexington in May 1880. By late June of that year, Hindoo had won his first seven starts and was so highly regarded regionally that bookmakers no longer took money on him. He had won at four different tracks in the Midwest and local competition became scarce.

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In each of his first six starts, Hindoo was even money or odds-on. By his seventh start, the Tremont Hotel Stakes, Hindoo was considered such a lock he was barred from the betting. With no logical foes in the Midwest, Swigert gave Hindoo a seven-week break before sending him to Saratoga Race Course for the five-furlong Windsor Hotel Stakes.

Now in the care of trainer Ed Brown, Hindoo was sent off at 1-2 in his Saratoga debut Aug. 14, 1880. Like so many great ones before and since, Hindoo was defeated at the Spa, finishing third to Crickmore. Five days later, Hindoo was once again odds-on when he finished second to the talented filly Thora in the Day Boat Line Stakes.

Hindoo did not race again that year. Although he had a record of 7-1-1 from nine starts, Hindoo’s reputation was somewhat tarnished by his Saratoga setbacks. Swigert decided to sell the colt for $15,000 to Mike and Phil Dwyer. The Dwyer brothers had the champion 3-year-old of 1880 in Luke Blackburn and were looking for another standout to go after the top sophomore prizes of the 1881 racing season.

Hindoo proved to be exactly what they were looking for.

The Dwyers turned Hindoo over to renowned trainer James Rowe, who sent him out for his 3-year-old debut May 12, 1881 in the 1½-mile Blue Ribbon Stakes. Hindoo won easily, setting in motion one of the greatest stretches in American racing history. A week later, Hindoo won the 1 1/2-mile Kentucky Derby and then the Clark Stakes. He was then shipped to Jerome Park in New York for two more wins before meeting old nemesis Crickmore in the Tidal Stakes at Sheepshead Bay.

Crickmore had won five of his six career starts at that point and was joined in the field by Belmont Stakes winner Saunterer, but Hindoo had his way, winning in a canter. The victories began to add up for Hindoo, including a 10-length romp in the Coney Island Derby and impressive scores in the Ocean Stakes and Lorillard Stakes.

Hindoo returned to Saratoga that summer and quickly made amends for his defeats at the Spa the previous year with four scintillating victories, including the 1 3/4-mile Travers, a race in which he was excluded from the auction pools. He added a win in the Sequel Stakes and victories over Crickmore in the United States Hotel Stakes and Kenner Stakes.

After his Saratoga dominance, Hindoo was sent to Monmouth Park in New Jersey and won the 1 1/2-mile Champion Stakes, defeating Pierre Lorillard’s standout Parole and George Lorillard’s top handicapper, Monitor. At the time, Parole, a future Hall of Famer, had recently surpassed Planet’s 21-year-old record for career earnings of $69,700. Three days after the Champion, Hindoo won the Jersey St. Leger by four lengths.

By Sept. 1, 1881, Hindoo had won 18 consecutive races and was the undisputed best horse in the land.

Hindoo, however, began to show wear and tear from the grueling campaign.

The Dwyer brothers were known to be demanding of their horses and Hindoo was no exception. The heavy workload caught up to Hindoo when Crickmore trounced him by 10 lengths Sept. 7, 1881 at Sheepsehad Bay in the 1 3/4-mile September Handicap.

Ten days later, Crickmore handed Hindoo another defeat in the Brighton Beach Purse. Hindoo conceded weight both times, but it was clear the weight of the campaign was more of a factor than the weight on Hindoo’s back. The Dwyers finally gave their great champion a break and put him away for the year.

Hindoo returned to the races as a 4-year-old on May 17, 1882 in the Dixiana Stakes at Churchill Downs. Perhaps a bit rusty, Hindoo lost his third consecutive race, as Capt. Jim Williams’ Checkmate won by a length. Hindoo returned two days later in the Louisville Cup at 2 1/2 miles and defeated Checkmate by 1 1/2 lengths. He met Checkmate twice more in the next two weeks, defeating him in both the Merchants’ Stakes and Turf Stakes.

The Dwyers then shipped Hindoo to New York. He won the Coney Island Stakes by six lengths June 14 before defeating Parole and Eole in the 2 1/4-mile Coney Island Cup three days later. The victory in the Coney Island Cup boosted Hindoo’s career earnings to $71,875, a new American record.

Hindoo injured a tendon sheath in the Coney Island Cup and was retired with a record of 30-3-2 from 35 starts.

The Dwyers had no interest in the breeding aspect of racing and sold Hindoo to Col. E. F. Clay and Col. Catesby Woodford. The Dwyers received $7,000 and a 2-year-old filly named Miss Woodford, who became America’s first $100,000 earner and eventually a member of the Hall of Fame.

Sent to Clay and Woodford’s Runnymeade Stud near Paris, Ky., Hindoo enjoyed a successful stud career.