Italy

Poland / Duchy of Warsaw

Duchy of Warsaw. Named by Napoleon to avoid calling it Poland; for fear of upsetting Austria, Prussia and Russia too much. Most famous commander was Marshal Poniatowski. A Polish patriot, he served valiantly under Napoleon until drowned crossing a swollen river at Leipzig in 1813, when a bridge was blown too early by a nervous French engineer.

Saxony

Confederation of the Rhine was set up by Napoleon as a series of buffer states between France and the empires of Austria and Prussia. Included Bavaria, Saxony, Westphalia, Wurttemburg, Cleve-Berg, Hesse-Kassel, Hesse-Darmstadt and many other small states. Saxony had to make some difficult choices during the Napoleonic wars as to which side to support. In the end this made it unpopular with both sides and Saxony suffered as a result.