20112110Reduction of serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic rats by Guar gum221-13--Mohammad RezaHaeriDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, I. R. IranDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Medicine,Iran, Islamic Republic ofEffects of Coriandrum sativum extracts on glucose/serum deprivation-induced neuronal cell death22Objective: This study was planned to investigate whetherCoriandrum sativum (C. sativum) is capable of protecting neurons against glucose/serum deprivation (GSD)-induced cytotoxicity.
Material and Methods: The PC12 cells were cultivated for 24 h in standard media (high-glucose DMEM containing Fetal Bovine Serum) or for 6 h in GSD condition (glucose-free DMEM, without serum) in the absence or presence of various concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 mg/ml) of hydro-alcoholic extract (HAE), water fraction (WF), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) or N-butanol fraction (NBF) of this plant. At the end of the treatments, the cell viability was determined using MTT assay.
Results: With the exception of 1.6 mg/ml of EAF or NBF which decreased cell survival, the HAE and its fractions exhibited no cytotoxicity under standard condition. Exposure of the cells to GSD condition showed 52% decrease in the viability. In this condition, the HAE, EAF and NBF not only failed to increase cell viability but also increased the toxicity. On the other hand, WF at 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 mg/ml significantly attenuated the GSD-induced decrease in cell survival.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that C. sativum bearing water-soluble compound(s) could induce neuroprotective activity. Also, we showed that some constituents from this plant may serve as cytotoxic agents under stressful conditions like hypoglycemia and serum limitation.
1-49--AhmadGhorbaniNeyshabur Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, I. R. IranNeyshabur Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur,Iran, Islamic Republic of--HassanRakhshandehPharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranPharmacological Research Center of MedicinalIran, Islamic Republic of--ElhamAsadpourDepartment of Pharmacology, Department of New Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranDepartment of Pharmacology, Department ofIran, Islamic Republic of--Hamid RezaSadeghniaDepartment of Pharmacology, Department of New Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranDepartment of Pharmacology, Department ofIran, Islamic Republic ofCoriandrum sativumGlucose/serum deprivationNeuroprotectivePC12Possible mechanism(s) of the relaxant effect of asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida) oleo-gum-resin extract on guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle22Objective: Asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida) is known as a valuable remedy for whooping cough, pneumonia, bronchitis in children and asthma treatment in folk medicine. In the present study the relaxant effects of the asafoetida on tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pigs and its probable mechanism(s) were examined.
Materials and Methods: The relaxant effects of three cumulative concentrations of the aqueous extract (2, 5 and 10 mg/ml), theophylline (0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mM) and saline were examined on non-incubated tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pig precontracted by 10 µM methacholine (group 1); preincubated tissues by propranolol and chlorpheniramine, contracted by methacholine (group 2) and preincubated tissues by propranolol, contracted by methacholine (group 3), (n=6 for each group).
Results: All concentrations of theophylline in group 1 and all concentrations of the extract in the other three groups showed significant relaxant effects compared to that of saline (p<0.001 for all cases). There was not significant difference in the relaxant effect of the extract between three groups. The relaxant effects of two last concentrations of the extract (5 and 10 mg/ml) only in group 2 were significantly lower than that of theophylline (p<0.05 for both case). There was no significant difference between relaxant effects of the extract and theophylline in group 2. There were significant positive correlations between the relaxant effects of the extract with their concentrations in all three groups (p<0.001 for all cases).
Conclusion: These results showed a potent relaxant effect for the asafoetida extract on tracheal smooth muscle which is perhaps due to muscarinic receptor blockade. 1-1016--ZahraGholamnezhadDepartment of Physiology and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranDepartment of Physiology and PharmaceuticalIran, Islamic Republic of--GoltajByramiDepartment of Physiology and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranDepartment of Physiology and PharmaceuticalIran, Islamic Republic of--Mohammad HosseinBoskabadyDepartment of Physiology and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranDepartment of Physiology and PharmaceuticalIran, Islamic Republic ofBoskabadymh@mums.ac.ir--MehrdadIranshahiBiotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranBiotechnology Research Center and SchoolIran, Islamic Republic ofFerula AssafoetidaAqueous gum extractRelaxant effectsGuinea pigTracheal smooth musclePreparation and characterization of liposomes containing methanol extract of aerial parts of Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco22Objective:Platycladus orientalis or Thuja orientalis is a native plant of Iran different parts of which are used in the treatment of various diseases such as: gout, rheumatoid arthritis, common cold, cough, bronchitis, asthma, high blood pressure and hormonal disorders like hirsutism and baldness. Also, various organs of this species have been used as appetizer. The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize liposomal formulations that contain methanol extract of aerial parts of P. orientalis for hirsutism treatment.
Material and Methods: Plant’s leaves were dried in room temperature, and powdered by grinding. Then, methanol extract was prepared by maceration method. Liposomes containing mathanol extract were produced by two methods of fusion and solvent evaporation. To evaluate mathanol extract and encapsulation efficiency of liposomes, quercetin was chosen as standard. The amount of quercetin in samples was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.
Results: Mean size of liposomes prepared by solvent evaporation and fusion methods was 373 and 320 nm, respectively. According to the quercetin concentration, encapsulation efficiency of liposomes containing menthanol extract was 69.3±3.1% for solvent evaporation and 62.2±4.9% for fusion method.
Conclusion: In the current study, a suitable liposomal formulation was prepared. The pharmacological activity of these carriers should be evaluated in the future study.1-1723--JavadAsiliDepartment of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranDepartment of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy,Iran, Islamic Republic of--NavidMosallaeiSchool of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranSchool of Pharmacy, Mashhad University ofIran, Islamic Republic of--AliShaterzadehSchool of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranSchool of Pharmacy, Mashhad University ofIran, Islamic Republic of--BizhanMalaekeh-NikoueiNanotechnology Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranNanotechnology Research Centre, Mashhad UniversityIran, Islamic Republic ofmalaekehb@mums.ac.irPlatycladus orientalsHirsutismLiposomesHPLCEffects of aqueous saffron extract (Crocus sativus L.) on the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in mice22Objective: In the present study, the effects of aqueous saffron extract (Crocus sativus L.) on the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice were investigated.
Materials and Methods: Subcutaneous administration of morphine (40 mg/kg for four days) produced place preference. Intraperitoneal administration of aqueous extract (40 and 80 mg/kg for four days) 30 min before the morphine administration decreased the acquisition of morphine CPP. In other groups of animal, following extinction of a place preference induced by morphine (40 mg/kg), single administration of morphine (10 mg/kg) reinstated the place reference. The aqueous extract (80 mg/kg) 30 min before this priming dose of morphine blocked morphine-induced reinstatement of place preference.
Results: These results show that aqueous saffron extract can reduce the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference.1-2430--HosseinHosseinzadehPharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranPharmaceutical Research Center, School ofIran, Islamic Republic of--MohsenImenshahidiSchool of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranSchool of Pharmacy, Mashhad University ofIran, Islamic Republic ofimenm@mums.ac.ir--AlirezaArastehSchool of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranSchool of Pharmacy, Mashhad University ofIran, Islamic Republic ofAqueous saffron extractCrocus sativus LCPP (conditioned place preference)MorphineMiceEffects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindle on histopathology of pancreas and diabetes treatment in STZ- induced diabetic rats22Objectives: This study investigates the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindle (P.f) on rats' pancreas structure changes and diabetic treatment after streptozotocin injection.
Materials and Methods: In this research forty male Wistar rats with body weights of 100±20 gram, were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 rats per each group. Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin at a dose of 75 mg/kg body weight (B.W) injected intraperitoneally. Root and leaves with stems hydroalcoholic extract of P.f at a dose of 100 mg/kg B.W have been injected orally in diabetic rats, daily for a month.
Results: Significant decrease in blood glucose, WBC and HbA1c and increase in body weight were observed in treated diabetic rats. Histopathologic results of diabetic rats revealed reduction in number of pancreatic islets as well as their number of β-cells and insulitis with lymphocytes infiltration. Regeneration of pancreatic islets and β-cells, along with a reduction in the number of infiltrated lymphocytes were present in plant extract –treated diabetic rats.
Conclusion: The roots´ hydro-alcoholic extract of P.f seems to be capable to regenerate the islets of Langerhans in the treated rats in comparison with the untreated diabetic rats. This property can be due to some components of the plant that can increase insulin secretion.1-3138--KhosroSoltani bandHistology and Embriology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, I. R. IranHistology and Embriology, Department of Biology,Iran, Islamic Republic ofBandsoltani@yahoo.com--NajmeKafash FarkhadHistology and Embriology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, I. R. IranHistology and Embriology, Department of Biology,Iran, Islamic Republic of--FarahFarokhiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science,Urmia University, I. R. IranDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science,UrmiaIran, Islamic Republic of--AmirTogmechiDepartment Artemias research,Faculty of Veterinarity, Urmia University, I. R. IranDepartment Artemias research,Faculty of VeterinariIran, Islamic Republic ofInsulitisDiabetes mellitusPrangos ferulacea (L) LindleEvaluation of nitric oxide or opioid receptors involvement in antinociceptive properties of silymarin22Objective: It has been shown that Silybum marianum or its extracts have hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects. Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in neurotransmission, neuroprotection, neurotoxicity and pathological pain, as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in the central nervous system. Therefore, this experiment was performed in order to assess the analgesic effects of single and multiple-dosed ip administration of silymarin and the probable role of nitric oxide or opioid receptors using tail flick assay.
Results: Based on our results, only silymarin 100 mg/kg showed analgesic properties. Since naloxone did not change silymarin’s analgesic effects, it is concluded that opioid receptors are not involved. Although in the presence of L-arginine, analgesic effect of silymarin remained intact, but it is not possible to strongly determine the involvement of nitric oxide pathway here. Based on our results, the difference between anti nociceptive properties of single and multiple-dosed treatment of silymarin 100 mg/kg is not significant.
Conclusion: It is concluded that silymarin exert its analgesic effects via other mechanisms. Inhibiting 5-lipooxygenase and neutrophil chemotaxis to inflammation location could be the probable ways of silymarin’s action.1-3945--MohsenImenshahidiPharmaceutical Research Center and Pharmacy School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, I. R. IranPharmaceutical Research Center and PharmacyIran, Islamic Republic ofimenm@mums.ac.ir--RaminRezaeeMedical Toxicology Research Center and Pharmacy School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, I. R. IranMedical Toxicology Research Center and PharmacyIran, Islamic Republic of--AminMostofiMedical Toxicology Research Center and Pharmacy School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, I. R. IranMedical Toxicology Research Center and PharmacyIran, Islamic Republic of--GholamrezaKarimiMedical Toxicology Research Center and Pharmacy School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, I. R. IranMedical Toxicology Research Center and PharmacyIran, Islamic Republic ofKarimig@mums.ac.irSilymarinTail flickL-NAMEOpioid receptorsEvaluation of antidepressant effect of ethanolic extract of Rosa damascena using forced swimming test22Objective: Rosa damascena mill L (R. damascena) is a medicinal plant mostly known in the world for its perfume. It also has beneficial effects on stress, tension and depression. In this experiment antidepressant effect of ethanolic extract of R. damascena by forced swimming test (FST) was evaluated.
Material and Methods: Animals received ethanolic extract (15, 60 and 90 mg/kg, i.p), imipramine (15mg/kg, i.p; positive control), or saline (negative control). Thirty min post- injection, immobility and swimming times were measured and compared in the different studied groups.
Results: Intraperitoneal injection of lower concentration of extract (15 mg/kg) did not change swimming and immobility times compared to the control group. The higher concentrations of extract (60 and 90 mg/kg) significantly increased immobility time and decreased swimming time. Therefore ethanolic extract at tested doses had no antidepressant effect in this study.
Conclusion: Although ethanolic extract did not have antidepressant effect, we cannot rule out this effect altogether. In our opinion, antidepressant effect is masked by CNS depression effect of ethanolic extract of R. damascena.1-4651--KarimDolatiPharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranPharmacological Research Center of MedicinalIran, Islamic Republic of--HassanRakhshandehPharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranPharmacological Research Center of MedicinalIran, Islamic Republic of--Mohammad NaserShafeiNeuroscience Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad
University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranNeuroscience Research Center and DepartmentIran, Islamic Republic ofShafeimn@mums.ac.irRosa damascenaMiceImmobility timeAntidepressant effectEthanolic extract