1.
1210 in Ireland
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Events from the year 1210 in Ireland. King John’s second visit to Ireland, earldom of Ulster and Honor of Limerick are confiscated. King John sets up a government in Ireland. Risteárd de Tiúit, Norman invader and Lord Chief Justice of Ireland

2.
1211
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Year 1211 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. April 21 – Santiago de Compostela Cathedral is consecrated, in the presence of King Alfonso IX of León, september 14 – The Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross are founded in Liège. October 15 – Battle of the Rhyndacus, Latin emperor Henry of Flanders defeats the Nicaean emperor Theodore I Lascaris, livonian Crusade, The Crusaders fail to conquer the Viljandi stronghold, but manage to baptize Sakala and Ugandi counties in southern Estonia. Mongol forces under Genghis Khan invade the Jurchen-led Jin Dynasty of northern China, a Jin army is defeated and slaughtered at the Battle of Yehuling near Zhangjiakou, and another is beaten at Mukden, where the city is taken. Zhongdu is also besieged by the Mongol hordes, the church in the French city of Reims burns down, soon after, construction begins on Reims Cathedral. King John of England sends a gift of herrings to nunneries in almost every shire, the oldest extant double-entry bookkeeping system record dates from this year

3.
Ireland
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Ireland is an island in the North Atlantic. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth. Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, in 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.4 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain. Just under 4.6 million live in the Republic of Ireland, the islands geography comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain, with several navigable rivers extending inland. The island has lush vegetation, a product of its mild, thick woodlands covered the island until the Middle Ages. As of 2013, the amount of land that is wooded in Ireland is about 11% of the total, there are twenty-six extant mammal species native to Ireland. The Irish climate is moderate and classified as oceanic. As a result, winters are milder than expected for such a northerly area, however, summers are cooler than those in Continental Europe. Rainfall and cloud cover are abundant, the earliest evidence of human presence in Ireland is dated at 10,500 BC. Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century CE, the island was Christianised from the 5th century onward. Following the Norman invasion in the 12th century, England claimed sovereignty over Ireland, however, English rule did not extend over the whole island until the 16th–17th century Tudor conquest, which led to colonisation by settlers from Britain. In the 1690s, a system of Protestant English rule was designed to materially disadvantage the Catholic majority and Protestant dissenters, with the Acts of Union in 1801, Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom. Northern Ireland saw much civil unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s and this subsided following a political agreement in 1998. In 1973 the Republic of Ireland joined the European Economic Community while the United Kingdom, Irish culture has had a significant influence on other cultures, especially in the fields of literature. Alongside mainstream Western culture, an indigenous culture exists, as expressed through Gaelic games, Irish music. The culture of the island shares many features with that of Great Britain, including the English language, and sports such as association football, rugby, horse racing. The name Ireland derives from Old Irish Eriu and this in turn derives from Proto-Celtic *Iveriu, which is also the source of Latin Hibernia. Iveriu derives from a root meaning fat, prosperous, during the last glacial period, and up until about 9000 years ago, most of Ireland was covered with ice, most of the time

4.
1216 in Ireland
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Events from the year 1216 in Ireland. 25 February – Pope Innocent III confirms union of the vacant episcopal see of the Bishop of Glendalough with that of the Archbishop of Dublin, after 11 August – Echdonn Mac Gilla Uidir, Archbishop of Armagh, dies in Rome. 18/19 October – Death of John, King of England and Lord of Ireland,12 November – Great Charter of Ireland issued in the name of King Henry III of England. The abbots of Jerpoint and Mellifont Abbeys are deposed by the Cistercians general chapter, ballintubber Abbey is founded by King Cathal Crobhdearg Ua Conchobair of Connacht. Following resignation of the Bishop of Mayo the see is transferred to the Archbishop of Tuam, castle at Killaloe built by Geoffrey de Marisco, Justiciar of Ireland. The deanery of Kells was created by Simon Rochfort, Bishop of Meath

5.
Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath
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Walter de Lacy was lord of Meath in Ireland. He was also a land owner in Weobley, Herefordshire, in Ludlow, Shropshire, in Ewyas Lacy in the Welsh Marches. He was the eldest son of Hugh de Lacy, a leading Cambro-Norman baron in the Norman invasion of Ireland, with his father he built Trim Castle in Trim, County Meath. During the revolt of Prince John Lackland, Lord of Ireland, against his brother, King Richard the Lionheart, in 1193-94, Walter apprehended some knights loyal to John along with Peter Pipard, Johns justiciar in Ireland. Walter did homage to Richard for his lands in Ireland in 1194, after mounting the throne of England in 1199, John wrote to his justiciar in Ireland to complain that de Courcy and de Lacy had destroyed Johns land of Ireland. Walter had made John his enemy, in 1203, John granted custody of the city of Limerick to Walters father-in-law, William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber. As de Braose was an absentee, Walter served as de Braoses deputy in Limerick, in 1206-07, Walter became involved in a conflict with Meiler Fitzhenry, Justiciar of Ireland, and Walters feudal tenants for lands in Meath, Meiler had seized Limerick. King John summoned Walter to appear before him in England in April,1207, after Walters brother Hugh de Lacy, 1st Earl of Ulster, had taken Meiler FitzHenry prisoner, John in March,1208 acquiesced in giving Walter a new charter for his lands in Meath. Upon his return to Ireland later in 1208, Walter may have acted as Justiciar of Ireland in lieu of the deposed Meiler fitz Henry, by this time, John had begun his infamous persecution of Walters father-in-law, de Braose, who fled to Ireland. On 20 June 1210, King John landed in Crook, now in Co, waterford, with his feudal levy and a force of Flemish mercenaries, John marched north through Leinster. John attacked eastern Meath, and was joined by 400 of Walters deserting followers, John would hold Walters lands in Meath for five years. In 1211 Walter erected the castle on Turbet Island in the abortive Anglo-Norman attempt to control of West Ulster. Attempting to secure support in Ireland against the revolt that would lead to Magna Carta. Walter was Sheriff of Herefordshire from 1218 to 1222, in 1230 he joined with Geoffrey de Marisco and Richard Mór de Burgh to subdue Aedh mac Ruaidri Ó Conchobair, King of Connacht. He was a benefactor to the abbeys of Lanthony and Craswall, on his death his estate was divided between his granddaughters Margery and Maud. He married Margaret de Braose, the daughter of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber, petronilla de Lacy, married Sir Ralph VI de Toeni, Lord of Flamstead, son of Sir Roger V de Toeni, Lord of Flamstead & Constance de Beaumont. Egidia de Lacy who married Richard Mor de Burgh Lord of Connaught, gilbert de Lacy of Ewyas Harold, Herefordshire was taken hostage for his father in August 1215. He predeceased his father before 25 December 1230, gilbert married Isabel Bigod, daughter of Sir Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk & Maud Marshal

6.
Belturbet
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Belturbet is a town in County Cavan, Ireland. It lies on the N3 road, around 14 km north of Cavan town and 123 km from Dublin and it is also located around 4 km south of the border with Northern Ireland, between the counties of Cavan and Fermanagh, and 36 km from Enniskillen. Belturbets location is one of the best places for crossing the River Erne. When the Anglo-Normans tried to conquer Cavan in the early 13th century, the fort was probably made of wood and has not survived, although the steep mound of earth where it was built can still be seen. In the late 16th century the local OReilly chieftains built a castle opposite Turbot Island, as part of the Plantation of Ulster in the early 17th century, the lands around Belturbet were granted to the English undertaker Stephen Butler. He soon established an urban centre, whose prosperity relied heavily on its position on the Erne. In October 1641 the town was seized by the Irish during the Irish Rebellion of 1641, Belturbet was the site of one of the massacres of planters, in which over two dozen people were thrown from the towns bridge and drowned. In March 1653 Belturbet, under Viscount Magennis of Iveagh, was the last town in Ireland to fall to Cromwell, Belturbet also acquired an English garrison in the late 17th century. Many of the fortifications are in good repair. The town retains much of its original lay-out, the main street leads to the square or diamond where all of the towns important buildings are situated. In the 1650s the proto-Quaker leader, William Edmundson, was detained at Belturbet, the church was damaged by lightning in the 1720s. Belturbet constituency was represented in the Irish House of Commons from 1611 to 1800, between 1725 and 1793 Catholics and those married to Catholics could not vote. James Somers won the Victoria Cross during World War One and he is buried at Modreeny, in Munster. Andrew Grene, a civil affairs officer with the United Nations and he was killed in the earthquake of January 12,2010. He was laid to rest in Belturbet churchyard, the Department of Foreign Affairs dedicated the annual Andrew Grene Conflict Resolution Scholarship in his honor. The Andrew Grene Foundation, a charity dedicated to assisting Haiti through education, two young people, Geraldine OReilly, Staghall, Belturbet and Patrick Stanley, from Clara, Co. Offaly, were killed by a Loyalist car bomb in Belturbet on 28 December 1972, an award winning documentary on the atrocity, The Forgotten bomb was made by Fran McNulty, it featured interviews with the families and locals who remembered the bombing. The programme was broadcast on Shannonside Northern Sound Radio, the journalist won the best regional journalist award in the ESB media awards in 2004 for the programme

7.
Anglo-Normans
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The Anglo-Normans were the medieval ruling class in England, composed mainly of a combination of ethnic Anglo-Saxons and Normans, following the Norman conquest. A small number of Normans had earlier befriended future Anglo-Saxon King of England, Edward the Confessor, when he returned to England some of them went with him, and so there were Normans already settled in England prior to the conquest. Following the death of Edward, the powerful Anglo-Saxon noble, Harold Godwinson, acceded to the English throne until his defeat by William, the invading Normans formed a ruling class in Britain, distinct from the native populations. Over time their language evolved from the continental Old Norman to the distinct Anglo-Norman language, Anglo-Normans quickly established control over all of England, as well as parts of Wales. After 1130, parts of southern and eastern Scotland came under Anglo-Norman rule, the Norman conquest of Ireland in 1169 saw Anglo-Normans settle vast swaths of Ireland, becoming the Hiberno-Normans. The composite expression regno Norman-Anglorum for the Anglo-Norman kingdom that comprises Normandy, the English were Catholic and shared this religion with the Normans and they had already an influence in England, before the conquest. Furthermore, the relationships between the sailors from both sides of the English channel had maintained a common culture. The Normans were not a homogeneous group springing from Scandinavian stock, in terms of culture, they represented the Northern French civilisation, who mostly only spoke Langues doïl as languages. The Norman settlers felt no community with the earlier Danish settlers, however, in their own army, they did not even feel any sense of community with the Poitou, the Bretons, and other groups that had different dialects and traditions. The association between these different troops was only occasional and corresponds to a necessity for the Norman ruler. In fact, the Normans met with the steadiest resistance in a part of England that was the most influenced by the Danish, many of the English nobles lost lands and titles, the lesser thegns and others found themselves dispossessed of lands and titles. A number of free geburs had their rights and court access much decreased, becoming unfree villeins, at the same time, many of the new Anglo-Norman magnates were distributed lands by the King that had been taken from the English nobles. The Norman conquest of England brought the British Isles into the orbit of the European continent, especially what remained of Roman-influenced language and it transmitted itself in the emerging feudal world that took its place. The England that emerged from the Conquest was a different place. The Norman conquest of England also signalled a revolution in military styles, the old Anglo-Saxon military elite began to emigrate, especially the generation next younger to that defeated at Hastings, who had no particular future in a country controlled by the conquerors. William, encouraged them to leave, as a security measure, the first to leave went mostly to Denmark and many of these moved on to join the Varangian Guard in Constantinople. Although the Anglo-Saxons as a whole were not demilitarised, this would have been impractical, instead, William arranged for the Saxon infantry to be trained up by Norman cavalry in anti-cavalry tactics. The younger Norman aristocracy showed a tendency towards Anglicisation, adopting such Saxon styles as long hair and moustaches, (Note that the Anglo-Saxon cniht did not take the sense of the French chevalier before the latest period of Middle English

8.
1101 in Ireland
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Events from the year 1101 in Ireland. Muirchertach Ua Briain of the Dál gCais proclaims himself High King of Ireland, at the Synod of Cashel, Muirchertach Ua Briain grants Cashel to the church as the seat of a metropolitan bishop. Muirchertach Ua Briain destroys the ringfort at Grianan of Aileach, sailors from overseas raid Scattery Island. Gillafin mac Coulahan, King of Síol Anmchadha, is killed and succeeded by his predecessors son, gilla na Naemh Ua Dunabhra, Chief Poet of Connacht

11.
1139 in Ireland
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Events from the year 1139 in Ireland. Early - Malachy, Bishop of Down, begins his first journey to Rome, via Scotland, England and he petitions Pope Innocent II for pallia for the Sees of Armagh and Cashel, and is appointed native legate for Ireland. Malachy gives the previously Benedictine St. Marys Abbey, Dublin, course of River Suck diverted by Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht

1210 in Ireland
–
Events from the year 1210 in Ireland. King John’s second visit to Ireland, earldom of Ulster and Honor of Limerick are confiscated. King John sets up a government in Ireland. Risteárd de Tiúit, Norman invader and Lord Chief Justice of Ireland

1211
–
Year 1211 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. April 21 – Santiago de Compostela Cathedral is consecrated, in the presence of King Alfonso IX of León, september 14 – The Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross are founded in Liège. October 15 – Battle of the Rhyndacus, Latin emperor Henry of Flanders defeats the Nica

1.
Cavalier Windmill at Langlade, Gard, first recorded in 1211

Ireland
–
Ireland is an island in the North Atlantic. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth. Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers five-sixths of the i

1.
Satellite image of Ireland on 11 October 2010

2.
The Gowran Ogham Stone, Christianised c.6th Century. On display in St. Mary's Collegiate Church Gowran.

1216 in Ireland
–
Events from the year 1216 in Ireland. 25 February – Pope Innocent III confirms union of the vacant episcopal see of the Bishop of Glendalough with that of the Archbishop of Dublin, after 11 August – Echdonn Mac Gilla Uidir, Archbishop of Armagh, dies in Rome. 18/19 October – Death of John, King of England and Lord of Ireland,12 November – Great Cha

1.
1215

Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath
–
Walter de Lacy was lord of Meath in Ireland. He was also a land owner in Weobley, Herefordshire, in Ludlow, Shropshire, in Ewyas Lacy in the Welsh Marches. He was the eldest son of Hugh de Lacy, a leading Cambro-Norman baron in the Norman invasion of Ireland, with his father he built Trim Castle in Trim, County Meath. During the revolt of Prince Jo

1.
The keep of Trim Castle

2.
Trim Castle's barbican

Belturbet
–
Belturbet is a town in County Cavan, Ireland. It lies on the N3 road, around 14 km north of Cavan town and 123 km from Dublin and it is also located around 4 km south of the border with Northern Ireland, between the counties of Cavan and Fermanagh, and 36 km from Enniskillen. Belturbets location is one of the best places for crossing the River Erne

1.
Main Street, Belturbet

2.
Belturbet Railway

Anglo-Normans
–
The Anglo-Normans were the medieval ruling class in England, composed mainly of a combination of ethnic Anglo-Saxons and Normans, following the Norman conquest. A small number of Normans had earlier befriended future Anglo-Saxon King of England, Edward the Confessor, when he returned to England some of them went with him, and so there were Normans

1.
Scotland from the Matthew Paris map, c. 1250.

1101 in Ireland
–
Events from the year 1101 in Ireland. Muirchertach Ua Briain of the Dál gCais proclaims himself High King of Ireland, at the Synod of Cashel, Muirchertach Ua Briain grants Cashel to the church as the seat of a metropolitan bishop. Muirchertach Ua Briain destroys the ringfort at Grianan of Aileach, sailors from overseas raid Scattery Island. Gillafi

1.
1100

1102 in Ireland
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Events from the year 1102 in Ireland. Betrothal of Muirchertach Ua Briains daughters, Lafracoth to Arnulf de Montgomery, archbishop Anselm of Canterbury writes to Muirchertach Ua Briain urging eccelesiastical reform and restoring good relations between him and Henry I of England. Domnall Ua Conchobair becomes King of Connacht Gilla na Naemh Ua Duin

1139 in Ireland
–
Events from the year 1139 in Ireland. Early - Malachy, Bishop of Down, begins his first journey to Rome, via Scotland, England and he petitions Pope Innocent II for pallia for the Sees of Armagh and Cashel, and is appointed native legate for Ireland. Malachy gives the previously Benedictine St. Marys Abbey, Dublin, course of River Suck diverted by