How
to Send an Email Message Using Java Mail API

There
can be many situations when the need of sending email to the user/client
arises while using the application for example when a user registers on
a site, generally a confirmation mail or a password verification mail
is sent to him.

So it is
very common while performing an e-commerce based transaction to send or
receive data through emails. In a J2EE based web application Java Mail
API is an easy method to send and receive email. Here we will discuss
the procedure of sending email using Java Mail API.

For accomplishing
this we need Java Activation Framework(JAF) and JavaMail API to be downloaded
on our system. There are three basic steps to be performed for sending
the mail. First of all the j2ee component which we are using to do the
task( eg. Servlet) needs to create a session. Then next step should be
of developing the email message.

There are
different protocols which define the standard way for formatting an email
message. For example we have MIME, SMTP or POP3. Each of these have different
features and capabilities of formatting and transport of email message.
Client and dedicated
servers can use any of the protocol and JavaMail API needs to interact
with these protocols for performing its task. After creating the email,
third step is to send the email.

Consider
the following example for understanding this three step process in detail:

In the above
described example, we have described three String objects: frm,to and
myhost. frm is assigned the email address of sender and to has the recipients
mail address. myhost is assigned the smtp host. Here we are assuming that
email formatting is done by using MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension),
so MimeMessage object is created. put() method is used to set the smtp
host. After setting the host, session is created using getDefaultInstance()
method which is referred as sess1. As clear from the example MimeMessage
object is referred as mesg.

After this
frm and to objects are converted to InternetAddress
objects from String objects. Then we have used setFrom() and addRecipient()
methods where these frm and to objects are passed as arguments. This is
done in order to set the email address. After this we have used setSubject()
method for passing the subject line of message and then setText() method
to set the email body. Finally send () method of Transport object is used
to send the email message.

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