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(1901-82). The pioneering research of French-born U.S. microbiologist, environmentalist, and author Rene Dubos in isolating antibacterial substances from certain soil microorganisms led to the discovery of major antibiotics. Dubos is also known for his research and writings on a number of subjects, including antibiotics, acquired immunity, tuberculosis, and bacteria of the gastrointestinal tract. In his later years his interest shifted to the relationship between humans and the natural environment.