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1. What were our aims and objectives? 2. What progress did we make? 3. Where next? Presentation Overview

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… we anticipate three intertwined cycles The Shape Synthesis System generating shapes The designer designing shapes Communication between the two The Vision

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How do designers, across a range of disciplines, generate shapes? What similarities and differences in approach can be observed? In shape grammar-based systems, can computer vision techniques be used to resolve the sub-shape detection problem? How might the ability to compute shapes enhance the act of designing itself? Research Questions

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1. What were our aims and objectives? 2. What progress did we make? 3. Where next? Presentation Overview

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… we anticipate three intertwined cycles The Shape Synthesis System generating shapes The designer designing shapes Communication between the two The Vision

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How do designers, across a range of disciplines, generate shapes? What similarities and differences in approach can be observed? In shape grammar-based systems, can computer vision techniques be used to resolve the sub-shape detection problem? How might the ability to compute shapes enhance the act of designing itself? Research Questions

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The actions of the participants were video recorded and their pen strokes were captured using a tablet input device At the end of the tasks participants were asked to elaborate on the interpretations and manipulations of their sketches How do designers design shapes?

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Interpreted as a component of the lemon squeezer Interpreted as side view Interpreted as top view A majority of participants had more than one interpretation of the initial design during the design process Initial design

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Implementation of shape grammars depends on a system that can automatically detect sub-shapes under transformation Previous approaches to sub-shape detection have relied on analytical methods with limited applicability How can all perceived sub-shapes be represented in a shape? How can computers generate shapes?

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How do designers, across a range of disciplines, generate shapes? What similarities and differences in approach can be observed? In shape grammar-based systems, can computer vision techniques be used to resolve the sub-shape detection problem? How might the ability to compute shapes enhance the act of designing itself? Research Questions

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LARGE DISTANCESMALL DISTANCE Using techniques from computer vision enables a shape synthesis system to see the sub-shapes in a design This allows for a more robust approach In practice it involves measuring the distance between point sets How can computers generate shapes? e.g. isa sub-shape of NO DISTANCE SUB-SHAPE

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Find this shape… …replace with this shape How can computers generate shapes? A shape synthesis system:

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Find this shape… Design …replace with this shape How can computers generate shapes?

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How do designers, across a range of disciplines, generate shapes? What similarities and differences in approach can be observed? In shape grammar-based systems, can computer vision techniques be used to resolve the sub-shape detection problem? How might the ability to compute shapes enhance the act of designing itself? Research Questions

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… we anticipate three intertwined cycles The Shape Synthesis System generating shapes Communication between the two The Vision The designer designing shapes

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How do designers, across a range of disciplines, generate shapes? What similarities and differences in approach can be observed? In shape grammar-based systems, can computer vision techniques be used to resolve the sub-shape detection problem? How might the ability to compute shapes enhance the act of designing itself? Summary