The Vice President of Brazil is the second-highest ranking government official in the executive branch of the Government of Brazil, preceded only by the president. The vice president's primary job is to replace the president on the event of his or her death or resignation, and to assume the Presidency temporarily while the president is abroad, or otherwise temporarily unable to fulfill his or her duties. The vice president is elected jointly with the president as his or her running mate.

The office was officially established in the Constitution of 1891, but has existed since 1889 , with the proclamation of the Republic. The office was abolished in the Vargas Era, returning only in the 1946 Constitution.