The Courts act in
collusion with the Executive and the Legislative to perpetrate the income
tax fraud and deny the Constitutional protections of Due Process and
Separation of Powers.

Findings and Conclusions

With the following
series of questions, we will demonstrate that the federal courts are
involved in a conspiracy to protect and uphold the federal income tax,
in violation of the laws of the United States, the U.S. Constitution,
and that these acts amount to Treason against the sovereign People described
in Article III of the Constitution and punishable by execution.
We will also show that:

Even for crimes where the punishment includes incarceration,
tax defendants are routinely denied the right to present defenses
based on the Constitution.

The Courts act in collusion with the Executive and the Legislative
to perpetrate the income tax fraud.

(a) Notwithstanding
any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty
for failing to comply with a collection of information that is subject
to this subchapter if--
(1) the collection of information does not display a valid control
number assigned by the Director in accordance with this subchapter;
or
(2) the agency fails to inform the person who is to respond to
the collection of information that such person is not required to
respond to the collection of information unless it displays a valid
control number.
(b) The protection provided by this section may be raised in the form
of a complete defense, bar, or otherwise at any time during the agency
administrative process or judicial action applicable thereto.

8.9. Admit that United States District Court Judge Terry J. Hatter
and other federal court judges in the 1980s protested the constitutionality
of taxes as applied to them. (See United States v. Hatter,
121 S.Ct 1782 (2001) (WTP #240)

8.10. Admit that even in criminal cases where a loss of freedom can
be the result, American citizens who are not judges are precluded by
the federal judiciary, and with the express approval and consent of
the Department of Justice and U.S. Attorney, from arguing the constitutionality
of the income tax as applied to them. (WTP #241)

8.13. Admit that letters of protest written to the Secretary of the
Treasury by American Citizens are used by the Executive branch of government,
and accepted by the Judicial branch of government, as proof of income
tax evasion and conspiracy against those who write the letters.
(WTP #244)

8.14. Admit that if an individual required to make a return under
Section 6012(a)
of the Internal Revenue Code fails to make the required return,
the statutory procedure authorized by Congress for the determination
of the amount of tax due is the "deficiency" procedure set forth at
subchapter B of Chapter 63 of the Internal Revenue Code, commencing
at Section
6211. (WTP #255)

8.15. Admit that if an individual required to make a return under
Section 6012(a)
of the Internal Revenue Code fails to make the required return, Congress
mandated at
Section 6212
that the individual is required to be served a "notice of deficiency"
setting forth the amount of tax imposed by Subtitle A of the Internal
Revenue Code per
Section 6211
of the Internal Revenue Code. (WTP #256)

8.20. Admit that nonpayment or underpayment of federal income taxes
by federal judges could result in diminishment of their salaries because
of levy by the IRS..

8.21 Admit that the IRS is part of the Executive Branch of
the federal government.

8.22. Admit "political audits" and targeted collection activity covertly
or overtly directed by the President of Members of Congress in the Executive
Branch could reasonably result in diminishment of the salaries of federal
judges through levy or garnishment, and could be used as a weapon to
coerce judges in certain cases before them related to income taxes.

8.23. Admit that the "political harassment" of judges described in
the previous question using the power of the IRS would violate
Article 3, Section 1, Clause 1 of the Constitution and
28 U.S.C. §455
by creating a conflict of interest.

8.24. Admit that the "political harassment" of federal judges
by the IRS in the Executive Branch violates the Separation of Powers
Doctrine but nevertheless quite reasonably could happen.

8.25. Admit that few federal judges allow any questions about their
own level of conflict of interest to be entertained openly in court
after the jury has been selected and in front of the jury, including
questions about their experiences with the IRS and whether they are
currently the target of collection activity.

8.26. Admit that for judges who have conflicts of interest
in adjudication of tax-related cases before them, the techniques they
might use to influence the case could for their personal benefit or
the benefit of the government include the following:

Nonpublication of
the final judgment so that it may not be cited as precedent.

8.27. Admit that the conflicts of interest described in question
8.26 above all fall under the classification of suppressing or hiding
the truth, which amounts to conspiracy to obstruct or conceal wrongdoing,
which is identified in
John 3:16-21 as a sin, by stating:

"For God so loved the
world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth
in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. For God sent not
his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through
him might be saved. He that believeth on him is not condemned: but
he that believeth not is
condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the only
begotten Son of God. And this is the condemnation, that light is
come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because
their deeds were evil. For every one that doeth evil hateth the light,
neither cometh to the light, lest his deeds should be reproved. But
he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his deeds may be made
manifest, that they are wrought in God." [Bible, KJV,
John 3:16-21]

8.30. Admit that according to the U.S. Supreme Court in
Downes v. Bidwell, 182 U.S. 244 (1901), Congress may not pass legislation
that retracts or circumvents the operation of the Constitution or the
Bill of Rights within a state of the Union of states that is part of
the United States of America. In particular, the statement of the court
supporting this conclusion is as follows:

“The Constitution had attached to it [the land, in this case] irrevocably.
There are steps which can never be taken backward.
The tie that bound the states of Maryland and Virginia to the Constitution could not be dissolved,
without at least the consent of the Federal and state governments to
a formal separation. The mere cession of the District of Columbia to
the Federal government relinquished the authority of the states, but
it did not take it out of the United States or from under the aegis
of the Constitution. Neither party had ever consented to that construction
of the cession. If, before the District was set off, Congress had passed an unconstitutional act affecting its inhabitants,
it would have been void.”

(a) In a case of actual controversy
within its jurisdiction, except with respect to Federal taxes
other than actions brought under section 7428 of the Internal Revenue
Code XE "LAWS:Internal Revenue Code" of 1986, a
proceeding under section 505 or 1146 of title 11, or in any civil action
involving an antidumping or countervailing duty proceeding regarding
a class or kind of merchandise of a free trade area country (as defined
in section 516A(f)(10) of the Tariff Act of 1930), as determined by
the administering authority, any court of the United States,
upon the filing of an appropriate pleading, may declare the rights and
other legal relations of any interested party seeking such declaration,
whether or not further relief is or could be sought. Any such declaration
shall have the force and effect of a final judgment or decree and shall
be reviewable as such."

8.33. Admit that the prohibition of Congress against legislating
away the operation of the
U.S. Constitutiondoes not apply
on federal properties coming under Article 1, Section 8, Clause 17 of
the U.S. Constitution that have never been covered by the Constitution.

8.34. Admit that because Congress cannot legislate away the operation
of the Constitution
in the 50 states (that is, in other than federal enclaves within these
states), the only
geographic jurisdiction that federal income tax cases can mandatorily
(by the force of law, rather than by ignorant citizens volunteering)
be applied by the courts within these states is federal areas or enclaves,
which shall be referred to subsequently as the "federal zone".

8.35. Admit that Thomas Jefferson, one of our founding fathers and
author of our
Declaration of Independence, said of the following about the powers
of juries and the right of juries to judge the law as well as the
facts:

"It is left... to
the juries, if they think the permanent judges are under any bias whatever
in any cause, to take on themselves to judge the law as well as the
fact. They never exercise this power but when they suspect partiality
in the judges; and by the exercise of this power they have been the
firmest bulwarks of English liberty." --Thomas Jefferson to Abbe Arnoux,
1789. ME 7:423, Papers 15:283

"If the question
before [the magistrates] be a question of law only, they decide on it
themselves: but if it be of fact, or of fact and law combined, it must
be referred to a jury. In the latter case of a combination of law and
fact, it is usual for the jurors to decide the fact and to refer the
law arising on it to the decision of the judges. But this division of
the subject lies with their discretion only. And if the question relate
to any point of public liberty, or if it be one of those in which the
judges may be suspected of bias, the jury undertake to decide both law
and fact. If they be mistaken, a decision against right which is casual
only is less dangerous to the state and less afflicting to the loser
than one which makes part of a regular and uniform system." --Thomas
Jefferson: Notes on Virginia Q.XIV, 1782. ME 2:179

"The juries [are]
our judges of all fact, and of law when they choose it." --Thomas Jefferson
to Samuel Kercheval, 1816. ME 15:35

"We all know that
permanent judges acquire an esprit de corps; that, being known, they
are liable to be tempted by bribery; that they are misled by favor,
by relationship, by a spirit of party, by a devotion to the executive
or legislative; that it is better to leave a cause to the decision of
cross and pile than to that of a judge biased to one side; and that
the opinion of twelve honest jurymen gives still a better hope of right
than cross and pile does." --Thomas Jefferson to Abbe Arnoux, 1789.
ME 7:423, Papers 15:283

8.36. Admit that Thomas Jefferson, one of our founding fathers and
author of our
Declaration of Independence, said of the following about the ability
of the judicial branch and judges in general to undermine and destroy
our Republican system of government:

"At the establishment
of our Constitutions, the judiciary bodies were supposed to be the most
helpless and harmless members of the government. Experience, however,
soon showed in what way they were to become the most dangerous; that
the insufficiency of the means provided for their removal gave them
a freehold and irresponsibility in office; that their decisions, seeming
to concern individual suitors only, pass silent and unheeded by the
public at large; that these decisions nevertheless become law by precedent,
sapping by little and little the foundations of the Constitution and
working its change by construction before any one has perceived that
that invisible and helpless worm has been busily employed in consuming
its substance. In truth, man is not made to be trusted for life if secured
against all liability to account." --Thomas Jefferson to A. Coray, 1823.
ME 15:486

"This member of the
government... has proved that the power of declaring what the law is,
ad libitum, by sapping and mining, slyly, and without alarm,
the foundations of the Constitution, can do what open force would not
dare to attempt." --Thomas Jefferson to Edward Livingston, 1825. ME
16:114

"I do not charge the
judges with wilful and ill-intentioned error; but honest error must
be arrested where its toleration leads to public ruin. As for the safety
of society, we commit honest maniacs to Bedlam; so judges should be
withdrawn from their bench whose erroneous biases are leading us to
dissolution. It may, indeed, injure them in fame or in fortune; but
it saves the republic, which is the first and supreme law." --Thomas
Jefferson: Autobiography, 1821. ME 1:122

"If, indeed, a judge
goes against the law so grossly, so palpably, as no imputable degree
of folly can account for, and nothing but corruption, malice or wilful
wrong can explain, and especially if circumstances prove such motives,
he may be punished for the corruption, the malice, the wilful wrong;
but not for the error: nor is he liable to action by the party grieved.
And our form of government constituting its respective functionaries
judges of the law which is to guide their decisions, places all within
the same reason, under the safeguard of the same rule." --Thomas Jefferson:
Batture at New Orleans, 1812. ME 18:130

"One single object...
[will merit] the endless gratitude of society: that of restraining the
judges from usurping legislation. And with no body of men is this restraint
more wanting than with the judges of what is commonly called our General
Government, but what I call our foreign department." --Thomas Jefferson
to Edward Livingston, 1825. ME 16:113

8.37. Admit that Thomas Jefferson, one of our founding fathers and
author of our
Declaration of Independence, said of the following about judicial
independence and the importance of a moral and ethical and accountable
judiciary:

"The judiciary... is
a body which, if rendered independent and kept strictly to their own
department, merits great confidence for their learning and integrity."
--Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, 1789. ME 7:309

"The judges... should
always be men of learning and experience in the laws, of exemplary morals,
great patience, calmness and attention; their minds should not be distracted
with jarring interests; they should not be dependent upon any man or
body of men. To these ends they should hold estates for life in their
offices, or, in other words, their commissions should be during good
behavior, and their salaries ascertained and established by law." --Thomas
Jefferson to George Wythe, 1776. ME 4:259, Papers 1:410

"The dignity and stability
of government in all its branches, the morals of the people and every
blessing of society depend so much upon an upright and skillful administration
of justice, that the judicial power ought to be distinct from both the
legislative and executive and independent upon both, that so it may
be a check upon both, as both should be checks upon that." --Thomas
Jefferson to George Wythe, 1776. Papers 1:410

"The Constitution of
the United States having divided the powers of government into three
branches, legislative, executive, and judiciary, and deposited each
with a separate body of magistracy, forbidding either to interfere in
the department of the other, the executive are not at liberty to intermeddle
in [a] question [that] must be ultimately decided by the Supreme Court."
--Thomas Jefferson to Charles Hellstedt, 1791. ME 8:126

"It will be said, that
[a federal] court may encroach on the jurisdiction of the State courts.
It may. But there will be a power, to wit, Congress, to watch and restrain
them. But place the same authority in Congress itself, and there will
be no power above them, to perform the same office. They will restrain
within due bounds, a jurisdiction exercised by others, much more rigorously
than if exercised by themselves." --Thomas Jefferson to James Madison,
1787. ME 6:133