Shannon Wells Lucid, née Shannon Matilda Wells (born January 14, 1943, Shanghai, China) American astronaut who from 1996 to 2007 held the world record for most time in space by a woman and from 1996 to 2002 held the record for the longest-duration spaceflight by any U.S. astronaut.

Astronaut Shannon Lucid.

NASA

Lucid was born in China as the daughter of Baptist missionaries and with her family spent several months in a Japanese prison camp near Shanghai during World War II. She received bachelor’s, master’s, and doctorate degrees from the University of Oklahoma; the Ph.D. was in biochemistry. She worked with the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation in Oklahoma City until her 1978 selection as one of the first six women to train as astronaut candidates for flights aboard the space shuttle.

Lucid first flew aboard the space shuttle in 1985 on a mission that deployed three communication satellites. She flew on three more space shuttle missions in 1989, 1991, and 1993, and then in 1996 rode the shuttle to the Russian space stationMir, where she spent 188 days, which was then a record for the longest-duration spaceflight by any U.S. astronaut. In all, Lucid spent a total of 223 days in space, then a record for most time in space by a woman.

Shannon Wells Lucid, exercising on a treadmill aboard the Russian space station Mir on March 28, …

NASA

In 2002 Lucid was named chief scientist of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), with responsibility for overseeing the scientific quality of all NASA programs and for external communication of NASA’s research objectives. She held that position until 2003, when she returned to NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. She retired from NASA in 2012.

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