1.0.1 This standard is formulated with a view to strengthen the quality management of building engineering, unify the quality acceptance of building engineering, and guarantee the engineering quality.

1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the acceptance of construction quality of building engineering, and serves as a unified guideline for the development of codes for project construction quality acceptance by each discipline in construction projects.

1.0.3 This standard is developed in accordance with the current laws, regulations and administrative standards of the state, and relevant technical standards. The codes for acceptance of construction quality for each discipline in construction works must be applied in combination with this standard.

2 Glossary

2.0.1 building engineering

Various technical work and completed physical works in terms of planning, survey, design, construction and completion carried out for newly built, rebuilt or expanded house buildings and auxiliary structure facilities.

2.0.2 quality of building engineering

Summary of characteristics reflecting compliance of the building engineering with relevant standards or contractual agreements, including all its explicit or implicit capabilities in respect of safety, functionality, durability performance and environmental protection.

2.0.3 acceptance

Based on the self quality inspection and assessment of building engineering by the construction contractor, participating units of building activities to jointly conduct sampling quality re-validation of the inspection lot, item, portion and unit works, and make confirmation in written form in accordance with pertinent standards as to whether the building engineering has reached the acceptable level.

2.0.4 site acceptance

Conducting inspection on the materials, components, accessories and equipment that enter the construction site in accordance with relevant standards, and making confirmation as to whether the products have reached the acceptable level.

2.0.5 inspection lot

Objects for inspection consisting of samples in certain amount, which are produced under the same production conditions or summarized in the specified manner for inspection use.

2.0.6 inspection

Activities conducted to measure, check and test the properties of the inspection item, and to compare the results with standard stipulations so as to determine whether each property is acceptable.

2.0.7 evidential testing

Testing conducted under the supervision of the supervision unit or the owner, in which appropriate personnel of the construction contractor take samples at the site and send them to a testing unit with relevant qualification.

2.0.8 handing over inspection

Activity in which both the accepting party and the party that has completed the construction make confirmation by joint inspection as to whether the construction can be proceeded with.

2.0.9 dominant item

An inspection item in building engineering that plays a decisive role in safety, health, environmental protection and public interest.

2.0.10 general item

An inspection item other than dominant items.

2.0.11 sampling inspection

An inspection in which a certain number of samples are randomly taken by the inspection lot from the inspection items of materials, components, accessories and equipment that enter the site or of building engineering, according to the specified sampling scheme.

2.0.12 sampling scheme

Quantity and method determined according to the characteristics of the inspection item.

2.0.13 counting inspection

An inspection method by which, in the samples taken, certain property of each individual is recorded or the number of defects in each individual is calculated.

2.0.14 quantitative inspection

An inspection method by which, in the samples for sampling inspection, certain quantitative property of each individual is measured.

2.0.15 quality of appearance

Visual quality of engineering revealed by means of observation and necessary measuring.

2.0.16 repair

To take corrective measures for any part of engineering that is not in conformity with standards.

2.0.17 rework

Measures of re-fabrication and re-construction taken for non-conforming engineering parts.

For quality management at the construction site, inspection and records can be made according to the requirement of Appendix A.

3.0.2 Construction quality control for building engineering shall be exercised in accordance with the following stipulations:

1. Main materials, half finished products, finished products, building components and accessories, apparatuses and equipment to be used in building engineering shall be subject to site inspection. Products involved in safety and functions shall be subject to re-inspection in compliance with acceptance codes of engineering quality of each discipline, and to the inspection and approval of supervision engineers (owner’s technical responsible personnel).

2. Each construction step shall be subject to quality control in accordance with the construction technical standards, and each construction step shall be inspected after its completion.

3. Hand-over inspection shall be conducted between interrelated disciplinary categories of work, with inspection records properly established. It is not allowed to proceed to the succeeding construction step until the preceding step has been inspected and approved by supervision engineers (owner’s technical responsible personnel).

3.0.3 The construction quality of building engineering shall be subject to acceptance inspection as required below:

1. The construction quality of building engineering shall be in compliance with the stipulations of this standard and acceptance codes of relevant disciplines.

2. Construction of building engineering shall meet the requirements of the engineering survey and design documents.

3. All the members participating in the quality acceptance of building engineering shall possess appropriate qualifications.

4. Acceptance inspection of engineering quality shall be conducted on the basis of the construction contractor’s own inspection and assessment.

5. Before concealing of concealed works, the construction contractor shall notify relevant units to carry out the acceptance inspection, and establish acceptance documents.

10. The appearance quality of engineering shall be subject to site inspection by acceptance personnel and confirmed jointly.

3.0.4 The sampling scheme for the quality inspection of inspection lots shall be chosen from the following according to the characteristics of inspection items:

1. Sampling schemes of measuring, counting, or measuring-counting.

2. Single sampling, double sampling and multiple sampling schemes.

3. According to the situation of production continuity and production control stability, the adjusted sampling scheme may also be adopted.

4. For important inspection items, when a simple and quick inspection method is adopted, the full quantity inspection scheme can be selected.

5. Inspection schemes that are proved effective by practical experience.

3.0.5 During formulation of the sampling scheme for inspection lots, the production party’s risk (probability for erroneous judgment α) and the utilization party’s risk (probability for neglecting judgment β) can be specified as follows:

1. Dominant item: both α and β corresponding to the acceptable quality level should not exceed 5%.

2. General item: corresponding to the acceptable quality level, α should not exceed 5% and β should not exceed 10%.

4 Division for Quality Acceptance of Building Engineering

4.0.1 In the quality acceptance, the building engineering shall be divided into unit (sub-unit) works, portioned (sub-portioned) works, itemized works and inspection lot.

4.0.2 Division of unit works shall be defined according to the following principles:

1. A building or structure that possesses independent construction conditions and is capable of forming independent utilization functions shall be taken as a unit work.

2. For a unit work with a large building scale, the part that is capable of forming independent utilization functions can be taken as sub-unit work.

4.0.3 Division of portioned works shall be defined according to the following principles:

1. Division of portioned works shall be defined according to the disciplinary nature and locations in building.

2. When the portioned work is large or complex, it can be divided into several sub-portioned works according to the category of materials, characteristics of construction, construction procedures, disciplinary system and classification.

4.0.4 Itemized works shall be divided according to their major labor category, material, construction process and equipment classification.

Portioned (sub-portioned) works and itemized works of building engineering can be divided in accordance with Appendix B of this standard.

4.0.5 Itemized works may consist of one or several inspection lots, and the inspection lots may be divided according to the floor, construction section and deformation joint considering the requirements of construction and quality control as well as disciplinary acceptance.

4.0.6 Exterior works may be divided into unit (sub-unit) works according to the disciplinary category and the engineering scale.

Exterior unit (sub-unit) works and portioned works may be divided in accordance with Appendix C of this standard.

5 Quality Acceptance of Building Engineering

5.0.1 The acceptable quality of inspection lots shall be in compliance with the following:

1. The quality of dominant items and general items is deemed acceptable by sample testing.

5.0.5 The quality acceptance records of building engineering shall comply with the following:

1. The quality acceptance for inspection lots may be conducted according to Appendix D of this standard.

2. The quality acceptance for itemized works may be conducted according to Appendix E of this standard.

3. The quality acceptance for portioned (sub-portioned) works may be conducted according to Appendix F of this standard.

4. The quality acceptance, checking of quality control data, checking of safety and function inspection data, main function spot-check records, and the appearance quality inspection shall be in compliance with Appendix G of this standard.

5.0.6 In the event the quality of building engineering does not meet requirements, treatment shall be performed according to the following stipulations:

1. Inspection lots after re-do or change of apparatuses and equipment shall be subject to re-acceptance.

2. Inspection lots identified to meet the design requirement through testing and identification by an official testing organization with respective qualification shall be accepted.

3. Inspection lots, for which the testing identifies that the design requirement is not met, but with the re-calculation of the original design unit the requirements of structural safety and utilization functions are still satisfied, can be accepted.

4. For itemized and portioned works after repair or reinforcing treatment, with which although the structural dimensions have been changed, the utilization safety requirement can still be met, acceptance can be made according to the technical treatment scheme and negotiated documents.

5.0.7 It is forbidden to accept portioned works and unit (sub-unit) works which, even after repair and reinforcing treatment, can not meet the requirement of utilization safety.

6 Procedures and Organizations for Building Engineering Quality Acceptance

6.0.2 For portioned works, the chief supervision engineer (the owner’s project responsible person) shall organize the construction contractor’s project responsible person and project technical and quality responsible personnel etc to conduct the acceptance. For ground foundation and principal structure portions, the engineering project responsible personnel of the survey and the design units and the responsible personnel of the construction contractor’s technical and quality departments shall also participate in the acceptance of respective portioned works.

6.0.3 After completion of unit works, the construction contractor shall organize appropriate personnel to conduct a self inspection and make assessment, and submit the engineering acceptance report to the owner.

6.0.4 Upon receipt of the engineering acceptance report by the owner, the owner’s (project) responsible personnel shall organize the (project) responsible personnel of the construction contractor (including sub-contractor), the design unit and the supervision unit to conduct the acceptance of unit (sub-unit) works.

6.0.5 In the event of construction by a sub-contractor in the unit works, the sub-contractor shall make inspection and assessment on the project it is undertaking in accordance with the procedures specified in this standard, and the general contractor shall dispatch their personnel to participate. After completion of the sub-contracted works, relevant engineering data shall be submitted to the general contractor.

6.0.6 In the event the participating parties of the acceptance have different opinions on the quality acceptance of building engineering, the local competent authorities of construction, or the construction quality supervision organ may assist in the coordination and solution.

6.0.7 After successful quality acceptance of unit engineering, the owner shall file the final acceptance report and relevant documents at the competent construction authorities within the specified time.

Appendix A Inspection Records for Quality Management at Construction Site

A.0.1 Inspection records for quality management at construction site shall be filled up by the construction contractor according to Form A.0.1. The chief supervision engineer (the owner’s project responsible person) shall conduct the inspection and make conclusions of inspection.

Form A.0.1 Inspection records for quality management at construction site Date of start:

Air duct and accessory fabrication, component fabrication, air duct system installation, air treatment equipment installation, silencer equipment fabrication and installation, air duct and equipment anti-corrosion, blower fan installation, system commissioning

Smoke prevention and evacuation system

Air duct and accessory fabrication, component fabrication, air duct system installation, installation of smoke prevention and evacuation air port, normal close positive pressure air port and equipment, air duct and equipment anti-corrosion, blower fan installation, system commissioning

Dust removal system

Air duct and accessory fabrication, component fabrication, air duct system installation, duster and blowdown equipment installation, air duct and equipment anti-corrosion, blower fan installation, system commissioning

Air-conditioning air system

Air duct and accessory fabrication, component fabrication, air duct system installation, air treatment equipment installation, silencer equipment fabrication and installation, air duct and equipment anti-corrosion, blower fan installation, air duct and equipment insulation, system commissioning

Piping cold/hot (media) water system installation, cooling water system installation, valve and component installation, cooling tower installation, water pump and auxiliary equipment installation, piping and equipment anti-corrosion and insulation, system commissioning

D.0.1 Quality acceptance records for inspection lots shall be filled up by the disciplinary quality inspectors of the construction project, and the supervision engineer (the owner’s project disciplinary technical responsible person) shall organize the project disciplinary quality inspectors to conduct the acceptance and keep records according to Form D.0.1.

Form D.0.1 Quality Acceptance Records for Inspection Lots

Project name

Description of itemized works

Locations for acceptance

Construction contractor

Category foreman

Project manager

Name & code No. of executed standard for construction

Sub-contractor

Project manager of sub-contractor

Construction group leader

Dominant item

Provisions in quality acceptance codes

Construction contractor’s inspection and assessment records

Supervision unit’s (owner’s) acceptance records

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

General item

1

2

3

4

Construction contractor’s assessment result

Project disciplinary quality inspector Date:

Supervision unit’s (owner’s) assessment result

Supervision engineer

(Owner’s project disciplinary technical responsible person) Date:

Appendix E Quality Acceptance Records for Itemized Works

E.0.1 The supervision engineer (the owner’s project disciplinary technical responsible person) shall organize the project disciplinary quality inspectors to conduct the quality acceptance of itemized works, with results recorded according to Form E.0.1.

F.0.1 The chief supervision engineer (the owner’s project disciplinary responsible person) shall organize the construction project manager and the project responsible personnel of the respective survey and design units to conduct the quality acceptance of portioned (sub-portioned) works, with results recorded according to Form F.0.1.

Form F.0.1 Acceptance Records for Portioned (Sub-portioned) Works .

Project name

Structure type

Floor number

Construction contractor

Responsible person of technical department

Responsible person of quality department

Sub-contractor

Responsible person of sub-contractor

Sub-contractor’s technical responsible person

No.

Description of itemized works

Number of inspection lots

Construction contractor’s inspection and assessment

Acceptance comments

1

2

3

4

5

6

Quality control data

Safety & function inspection (testing) report

Appearance quality acceptance

Acceptance participating units

Sub-contractor

Project manager Date: .

Construction contractor

Project manager Date: .

Survey unit

Project responsible person Date: .

Design unit

Project responsible person Date: .

Supervision unit (Owner)

Chief supervision engineer

(Owner’s project disciplinary responsible person) Date:

Appendix G Final Quality Acceptance Records for Unit (Sub-unit) Works

Form G.0.1 The quality acceptance for unit (sub-unit) works shall be recorded according to Form G.0.1-1. Form G.0.1-1 is the summary sheet for the quality acceptance of unit works, which shall be use in combination with Form F.0.1 in Appendix F and Forms G.0.1-2 ~ G.0.1.4. Form G.0.1-2 is the checking record of quality control data for unit (sub-unit) works. Form G.0.1-3 is the record of checking for safety and functions of unit (sub-unit) works and record of major function spot-checking. Form G.0.1-4 is the inspection record of the appearance quality of unit (sub-unit) works.

In Form G.0.1-1, the acceptance record shall be filled up by the construction contractor, and the acceptance conclusion shall be filled up by the supervision unit (the owner). The comprehensive acceptance conclusion shall be agreed on by all participating parties of the acceptance, and filled up by the owner. It is required to make assessment on whether the engineering quality meets the design and code requirements, and on the overall quality level of the engineering.

Form G.0.1.1 Final Quality Acceptance Records for Unit (Sub-unit) Works

Note: Items for spot-checking shall be agreed up by the acceptance group.

Sheet G.0.1.4 Record for appearance quality of unit (sub-unit) works

Project name

Construction contractor

No.

Item

Spot-check quality status

Quality grading

Good

Average

Poor

1

Building and structure

External wall surface

2

Deformation joint

3

Downspout, roofing

4

Internal wall surface

5

Internal ceiling

6

Internal floor surface

7

Staircase, foot steps and rails

8

Door and window

1

Water supply & sewage and heating

Piping connection, sloping and supports

2

Sanitary ware, supports and valves

3

Inspection port, sweeping port, floor drain

4

Radiator, supports

1

Electrical for building

Power distribution box, panel, board and junction box

2

Equipment, apparatus, switcheh, receptacles

3

Lightning prevention, grounding

1

Ventilation and air-conditioning

Wing pipe, support

2

Wing port, wind valve

3

Blower, air conditioner

4

Valve, support

5

Water pump, cooling tower

6

Thermal insulation

1

Elevator

Running, resting, opening and closing door

2

Door, signal system

3

Machine room

1

Intelligence of building

Installation and configuration of machine room equipment

2

Site equipment installation

3

Overall assessment of appearance quality

Inspection conclusion

Project manager of construction contractor Date:

Chief supervision engineer

(Owner’s project responsible person)

Date:

Note: Items in quality grade “Poor” shall be repaired.

Explanation of Wording in This Standard

1. Words denoting the different degrees of strictness are explained as follows in order that they can be distinguished from each other during the Implementation of this standard:

(1) Words denoting a very strict or a mandatory requirement:

“must” is used for affirmation;

“must not” is used for negation.

(2) Words denoting a strict requirement under normal conditions:

“shall” is used for affirmation;

“shall not” is used for negation.

(3) Words denoting a permission of slight choice or an indication of the first choice when conditions allow:

“should” or “may” are used for affirmation;

“should not” is used for negation.

2. “Be in accordance with” or “be in compliance with” are used in the text of this code for those items that name the related standards, codes or regulations as a must requirement to implement this standard.

中华人民共和国国家标准

National Standard of the People’s Republic of China

建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准

Unified standard for constructional quality acceptance of building engineering

1 General Provisions

1.0.1 This article is the aim for the compilation of unified standards and a series of building engineering quality acceptance standards. It is limited to the acceptance of construction quality. Quality problems arising from the design and use shall not fall into the scope of this standard.

This compilation is to combine the codes for construction and acceptance of building engineering and the standards for inspection and assessment of engineering quality to form a new system of engineering quality acceptance codes. This is actually to re-establish a system of technical standards so as to unify the acceptance methods, procedures and quality indexes for building engineering quality.

In this revision, the guiding ideology of “separate acceptance and assessment, strengthen acceptance, improve measures and perform in-process control” is adhered to.

1.0.2 The contents of this standard include two parts. The first part defines the uniform guidelines for the compilation of construction quality acceptance codes of each discipline of house construction. In order to unify the compilation of construction quality acceptance codes of each discipline of house construction, this standard has set forth principle requirements for the division of inspection lot, item, portion (sub-portion) and unit (sub-unit) works, setting and requirement of quality indexes, and procedures and organization of acceptance, so as to guide the compilation of various acceptance codes of this standard series, control the extent of contents, the quantity of quality indexes and the strictness of requirements in a way to maintain the balance of contents.

The second part directly defines the acceptance of unit works, with specific stipulations made on the division and composition of unit works, setting of quality indexes and procedures for acceptance.

1.0.3 The basis for compilation of this standard mainly includes the Construction Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Regulations on the Quality of Construction Projects, the Uniform Standard for the Design of Reliability of Architectural Structures as well as provisions of other related design codes. This standard also emphasizes that all disciplinary acceptance codes of this series must be applied in combination with this standard.

Additionally, the implementation and execution of this system of standards and codes shall be supported by relevant standards. The supporting system is shown in Figure 1.0.3 “Supporting system chart for engineering quality acceptance codes”.

This chapter presents 17 terms cited in appropriate chapters of this standard. In addition to their use in this standard, these terms may also serve as the basis for citation in various disciplinary construction quality acceptance codes for building engineering.

In the compilation of this Glossary, relevant terms in the GB/T 6583-1994 “Glossary for Quality Management and Quality Assurance”, the “Collection of National Standards for Use in Statistical Methods” and the GB/T 50083-97 “Standard for Terminology and Symbols of Architectural Structure Design” are cited.

The Glossary of this standard gives meaning from the point of view of this standard, which is not necessarily the definition of these terms. Recommended terminology in English is also given respectively, which is not likely the standard terminology in international use but only for reference.

3 Basic Provisions

3.0.1 This article stipulates that the construction contractor of building engineering shall establish necessary quality responsibility system, and puts forward all-sided requirements for the quality management system of building engineering construction, indicating that the quality control of building engineering shall be overall process control.

The construction contractor shall implement the overall process control incorporating production control and quality conformance control, and shall have a complete quality management system for production control and quality conformance control. This not only includes raw material control, process flow control, construction operation control, quality inspection for each construction step, hand-over inspection between interrelated construction steps as well as quality management and control requirements for interim hand-over links between different disciplines, but also involves the sampling inspection system to meet the requirements of construction drawing design and functionality. The construction contractor shall also find out the problems and bottlenecks existing with the quality management system by means of internal auditing and management personnel’s assessment, and formulate measures for improvement and for tracing inspection accordingly, thus to progressively complete and improve their quality management system. That is the guarantee for the construction contractor’s continuous improvement in the construction quality of building engineering.

The construction contractor shall also attach importance to the comprehensive quality control level. They shall establish guidelines for the comprehensive quality control level of construction enterprises in respect of construction technology, management system, engineering quality control and engineering quality, so as to improve both the overall makings and economic benefits.

3.0.2 This article defines the major aspects of construction quality control of building engineering in a specific way.

The first aspect involves the site inspection of major materials, half finished products, finished products, building components and accessories, apparatuses and equipment used in building engineering, and the rechecking of important building materials. The second aspect is to control the quality of each construction step. The reason why in the quality control of each construction step it is emphasized to carry out the control in compliance with enterprise standards is to consider that the control indexes of enterprise standards should be more stringent than those of national standards. The third aspect requires that in addition to self-inspection and inspection by dedicated quality inspectors of the construction contractor after completion of each construction step, emphasis shall also be laid on the hand-over inspection between construction steps, and that the preceding step shall meet the construction conditions and requirements of the succeeding step. Likewise, interim hand-over inspection shall also be conducted between the steps of interrelated disciplines, so that all the construction steps and all the interrelated disciplines will form an organic whole.

3.0.3 This article put forwards the basic requirements for the quality acceptance of building engineering. These mainly include: all the members participating in the quality acceptance of building engineering shall have appropriate qualifications; the quality acceptance of building engineering shall be conducted on the basis that the engineering has been deemed acceptable by the construction contractor’s inspection and assessment; the quality acceptance of inspection lots shall be conducted respectively as dominant items and general items; acceptance of concealed works; witness sampling test involved in structural safety; requirements imposed on the sampling inspection of important portioned works involved in structural safety and utilization functions and on the qualification of the unit undertaking the witness test; site inspection of appearance quality, etc.

3.0.4 This article gives the sampling schemes for the quality inspection and assessment of inspection lots, which can be selected according to the characteristics of inspection items. The measuring and counting check for inspection items may be classified into two categories: full quantity inspection and sampling inspection.

For important inspection items that can be inspected with a simple and quick nondestructive , inspection method, the full quantity inspection method should be adopted. For inspection items such as section size and appearance quality of components, it is appropriate to select the single or double sampling scheme that takes into consideration both the production party’s risk α and the utilization party’s risk β of the acceptable quality level, or to select a sampling method that has been proved be effective by practical experience.

3.0.5 The production party’s risk α of acceptable quality level refers to the probability that acceptable lots are deemed unacceptable, or in other words the probability that acceptable lots are rejected. The utilization party’s risk β of acceptable quality level refers to the probability that unacceptable lots are deemed acceptable, or in other words the probability that unacceptable lots are accepted by mistake. Both these risks are sure to exist with the sampling inspection. It is unreasonable or impossible for the inspection lots that have passed the sampling inspection to be 100% acceptable. In the sampling inspection, these risks are generally controlled in the range of α = 1%~5% and β = 5%~10%. For dominant items both α and β should not exceed 5%; for general items, α should not exceed 5% and β should not exceed 10%.

4 Division for Quality Acceptance of Building Engineering

4.0.1 Along with the economic development and the advancement of construction technology, ever since the beginning of the reform and opening up, a large number of single projects with large building scale and comprehensive buildings with comprehensive utilization functions have sprung up. Buildings with tens of thousands of square meters are everywhere and those with hundreds of thousands of square meters are often seen. Such buildings have generally a long construction period, and subject to the influence of various factors such as insufficiency of capital fund in later stages and partial stopping or suspension of construction, the completed part must be put in use so as to bring into play the investment results. In order to attain the maximum investment results, investors need to complete part of the project and put it in use in advance during the construction period. Moreover, for extra large projects, it is not convenient to carry out the acceptance all at one shot. Therefore to take the whole project as one single unit work for acceptance as specified in the original standard can no longer fit into the current situation. It is for this reason that this standard specifies that such projects can be divided into several sub-unit works for acceptance. Also with the ever increasing requirements of production, working and living conditions, the interior facilities of buildings are getting more and more diversified. The designs for the same parts of buildings are also getting diversified. New materials have emerged in large scale. The development of construction processes and technology has resulted in more and more itemized works. As a result, the way for division of portioned works according to the main parts of buildings and the disciplines can no longer meet the requirement. Therefore this standard provides to divide the portioned works into several sub-portioned works based on the mutual closeness of work contents and systems, thus facilitating the correct assessment of the quality of building engineering and hence the acceptance.

4.0.2 Possessing independent construction conditions and being capable of forming independent utilization functions are the basic requirements for the division of unit (sub-unit) works. Such division will be determined by agreement among the owner, the supervision unit and the construction contractor prior to construction, which will then serve as the basis on which to collect and sort out construction technical information and conduct the acceptance.

4.0.3 In the portioned works of building engineering, the high voltage current and the light current parts are separated from the original building electrical installation portion as a portioned work called building electrical portion and intelligence building (light current) portion respectively

When the portioned work is large and complicated, it can be divided into several sub-portioned works based on the works of the same kind or those that can form an independent disciplinary system.

4.0.4 and 4.0.5 To divide itemized works into inspection lots for acceptance facilitates the timely correction of quality problems arising during construction, guarantees the engineering quality and meets the actual requirement of construction. Itemized works of the main job of multistoried and high-rise building engineering can be divided into inspection lots according to the floor or construction section. Itemized works of single-storied building engineering can be divided into inspection lots according to the deformation joint etc. Itemized works of the ground foundation portion is generally regarded as one inspection lot, and the foundation works with subterranean layers can be divided into inspection lots according to the underground layer. Itemized works of the roofing portion can be divided into different inspection lots according to different floor roofing. Itemized works of other portioned works are generally divided into inspection lots according to the floor. Itemized works with a small amount of work can be regarded as one inspection lot in a unified manner. Installation works are generally taken as one inspection lot according to the design system or equipment group. Exterior works are taken as one inspection lot in a unified manner. Apron, steps and surface drains are included in the ground inspection lot.

Earthwork/stonework and foundation pit shoring protection sub-portioned works of ground foundation and form works of concrete engineering are indispensable links and necessary conditions of building engineering construction, although they do not constitute the substantial body of building engineering. Their construction quality relates does not only to the readiness for construction and safety of construction, but also to the quality of building engineering. Therefore they should be included in the scope of construction acceptance.

4.0.6 These two paragraphs provide the division of portioned (sub-portioned) and itemized works of building engineering and exterior engineering.

5 Engineering Quality Acceptance

5.0.1 Inspection lot is the minimal unit of engineering acceptance. It is the basis for the quality acceptance of portioned works and the whole building engineering at large. Inspection lot refers to materials, components, accessories or installation items that are used under the same conditions during construction and are supplied in considerable quantity. As they have basically uniform quality, they can be taken as the basic unit of acceptance and are accepted by the lot.

This article gives the conditions for the acceptable quality of inspection lot, which include two aspects: data information inspection and inspection of dominant and general items.

Quality control data reflect the operation basis of inspection lots in each construction step from the raw material up until the final acceptance, the situation of checking and the regulatory system required to guarantee the quality. Checking of completeness is in fact confirmation on the in-process control and also the precondition of acceptable inspection lots.

In order for the quality of inspection lots to meet the basic requirements for safety and functions and to attain the objective of guaranteeing the building engineering quality, the engineering quality acceptance codes of each discipline shall provide specific stipulations on the acceptable quality of sub-items of dominant items and general items of each inspection lot.

The acceptable quality of inspection lots is dependant mainly on the inspection results of dominant items and general items. Dominant items are inspection items that impose a decisive impact on the basic quality of inspection lots; therefore they must all meet the stipulations of appropriate disciplinary engineering acceptance codes. That means dominant items are not allowed to have non-conformance inspection results, that is to say, inspection of such items have the overruling power. In consideration of the decisive impact of dominant items on the basic quality, it is a must to impose stringent requirements.

5.0.2 The acceptance of itemized works shall be conducted on the basis of inspection lots. Generally these two are of the same or similar nature, and the difference lies just in the size of the lot. Therefore related inspection lots are summarized to form the itemized works. The conditions for the acceptable quality of itemized works are relatively simple. As long as the acceptance data documents are complete for each inspection lot that constitute the itemized works, and all the inspection lots are deemed acceptable, the acceptance of the itemized works shall be deemed acceptable.

5.0.3 The acceptance of portioned works shall be conducted based on the acceptance of all the itemized works it contains. This article gives the conditions for successful acceptance of portioned works.

First, all the itemized works of the portioned works must have been subject to successful acceptance and the respective quality control data documents must be complete. This is the basic condition for acceptance. Additionally, as the natures of each itemized works are not completely the same, the portioned works can not be accepted simply by means of combination; the following two kinds of inspection items.

Ground foundations and principal structures relating to safety and utilization functions, and installation portioned works relating to safety and important utilization functions shall be subject to appropriate witness sampling test or sampling test. As for the appearance quality acceptance, the inspection is difficult to be quantitative and can be only conducted by means of observation, touching or simple measuring, the result of which is a judgment from each individual’s subjective impression. The result is not a conclusion of “acceptable” or “unacceptable”; it is rather a comprehensive assessment of quality. Inspection points deemed “poor” shall be remedied by means of repair.

5.0.4 The quality acceptance for unit works, also called final acceptance of quality, is the last and the most important acceptance before the building engineering is put in service. There are five conditions for successful acceptance: in addition to the requirements that each and every portioned works constituting the unit works shall be acceptable and that appropriate data documents shall be complete, inspections must be carried out in the following aspects.

Portioned works relating to safety and utilization functions shall be subject to re-checking of inspection data. It is required not only to check their completeness in an all-around manner (without omitting any inspection or missing any items), but also to re-check the test report of the supplementary witness sampling test for the portioned works during acceptance. This strengthened acceptance means reflects the importance attached to safety and major utilization functions.

Additionally, major utilization functions must be subject to spot check. Inspection of utilization functions is a comprehensive inspection of the building engineering and the final quality of installation engineering. It is also the matter the user is mostly concerned about. Therefore, a comprehensive inspection shall be conducted at the final acceptance on the basis that the acceptance of itemized and portioned works has been deemed acceptable. Spot-check items are agreed upon by the personnel of all participating parties of the acceptance based on the inspection data documents, with the inspection parts determined by the sampling method of measuring and counting. Such inspections are required to be conducted in compliance with the requirements of the acceptance standards for construction quality of appropriate disciplinary engineering.

Last, an appearance quality inspection must be conducted jointly by the personnel of all participating parties of the acceptance. The inspection methods, contents and conclusions have been described in the respective parts of portioned works. A decision is made in the end as to whether the acceptance is deemed successful.

5.0.5 Form D, Form E and Form F are the acceptance record sheets respectively for inspection lots, itemized works and portioned (sub-portioned) works. They are mainly intended to standardize the basic formats, contents and modes for reference in the compilation of disciplinary codes, the specific content of which shall be specified in each disciplinary code. Form G is the quality acceptance record sheet for unit works.

5.0.6 This article provides the treatment methods to be adopted when the quality does not meet the requirement. Generally non-conformances shall be identified and timely treated at the most basic inspection unit – inspection lot, otherwise, they will affect the acceptance of succeeding inspection lots and related itemized works and portioned works. Therefore all hidden hazards of quality must be eliminated as early as possible while they come into being. This is the reflection of the principle of this standard to promote in-process control by strengthening the acceptance. Treatment on abnormal occasions falls into the following four cases:

The first case refers to inspection lots with which, during the acceptance, the dominant items can not meet the acceptance codes, or the sub-items of the general items exceeding the deviation limit do not comply with the specified requirements for inspection, which shall be treated in a timely manner. Serious defects shall render the inspection invalid. In case of general defects, after resolution by means of renovation or change of apparatuses and equipment, the construction contractor shall be allowed to re-conduct the inspection following respective measures. If the inspection lot can meet the acceptance codes for respective disciplinary engineering quality, it shall be deemed acceptable.

With the second case, when the test coupon strength of individual inspection lot is identified to unable to meet the requirement and it is difficult to decide whether the acceptance should be made, an official testing organization with respective qualification shall be invited to conduct the test. When the test results can meet the design requirement, the inspection lot shall still be deemed acceptable.

With the third case, if the testing identifies that the design requirement is not met, but with the re-calculation of the original design unit the requirements of structural safety and utilization functions are still satisfied, the inspection lot may be accepted. Generally codes and standards provide the minimum limit to meet the requirement of safety and functions, while the design usually leaves some allowance on the basis of the above limit. Failure to meet the design requirement and compliance with codes and standards do not conflict.

With the fourth case, more serious defects or defects exceeding the range of the inspection lot may affect the structural safety and utilization functions. If an official testing organization, after testing identification, has deemed that the quality can not meet the relevant requirement of codes and standards, that is, failure to meet the minimum safety reserve and utilization functions, reinforcing treatment must be made according to appropriate technical schemes so that the basic requirement for utilization safety can be guaranteed. Such treatment will result in some permanent defects such as change of structural dimensions, thus influencing some minor functions. In order to avoid further loss of social wealth, under the condition that safety and major utilization functions will not be impacted, acceptance can be made according to the technical scheme for treatment and negotiated documents. In such case, it is worthy of particular attention that the party liable shall assume economic responsibilities but may not regard this arrangement as an approach to belittle quality and escape responsibility.

5.0.7 In the event serious defects exist with portioned works and unit (sub-unit) works, and even after repair and reinforcing treatment they can not meet the requirement of utilization safety, it is forbidden to make acceptance.

6 Procedures and Organizations for Engineering Quality Acceptance

6.0.1 Inspection lots and itemized works are the basis of building engineering quality, so all inspection lots and itemized works shall be subject to acceptance organized by supervision engineers and owner’s project technical responsible personnel. Prior to acceptance, the construction contractor shall fill up the “Quality Acceptance Records for Inspection Lots and Portioned Works” (leaving the supervision record and conclusion in blank), with the project discipline quality inspector and the project discipline technical responsible person signing in appropriate columns respectively in the inspection lot and portioned works quality inspection records. The supervision engineer shall then organize to conduct acceptance strictly according to the specified procedures.

6.0.2 This article specifies the organizer and appropriate units and personnel participating in the acceptance of portioned (sub-portioned) works. Engineering supervision shall be carried out adopting the chief supervision engineer’s responsibility system; therefore, for portioned works, the chief supervision engineer (the owner’s project responsible person) shall organize the construction contractor’s project responsible person and project technical and quality responsible persons as well as appropriate personnel to conduct the acceptance. As the main technical data and quality problems of ground foundations and principal structures are under the control of the technical group and the quality group, it is practical to specify that the responsible persons of the construction contractor’s technical and quality departments shall participate in the acceptance.

As the ground foundations and principal structures have stringent requirement of technical performance, are technology-intensive and relate to the safety of the whole project, it is specified that the project responsible personnel of the survey and design units of these portioned works shall also participate in the engineering quality acceptance of relevant portions.

6.0.3 This article specifies that after completion of unit works, the construction contractor shall first organize appropriate personnel to conduct a self inspection according to the quality standards and design drawings, and make assessment on the inspection results. After the requirements are met, the construction contractor shall submit the engineering acceptance report and complete quality data information to the owner, requesting the owner to organize the acceptance.

6.0.4 This article specifies that the quality acceptance of unit works shall be organized by the owner’s responsible personnel or project responsible personnel. As the design, construction and supervision units are all responsibility parties, the responsible personnel or project responsible personnel of the design and the construction units, the technical and quality responsible personnel of the construction contractor and the chief supervision engineer of the supervision unit shall all participate in the acceptance. (Although the surveying unit is also a responsibility party, because it has participated in the ground foundation acceptance, it can be excused from attending the acceptance of unit works.)

Within a unit work, the owner may organize the acceptance of a sub-unit work that has met the requirement of production or conditions of utilization, for which the construction contractor has performed pre-acceptance and the supervision engineer has performed preliminary acceptance successfully. In the event of unit works constructed by several construction contractors, when one of the construction contractors has completed the sub-unit works under its responsibility according to the design, after the self inspection by the contractor, it is also allowed to organize the official acceptance according to the specified procedures, and go through the hand-over formalities. When the whole unit works are under acceptance, the acceptance data for the previously accepted sub-unit works shall be taken as attachments for the acceptance of the unit works.

6.0.5 This article specifies the quality responsibility and acceptance procedures of the general contractor and sub-contractors.

As the parties to the “Building Engineering Contract” are the owner and the general contractor, the general contractor shall assume responsibilities to the owner according to the rights and obligations set forth in the contract. Sub-contractors shall assume responsibilities to the general contractor as well as to the owner. Therefore, when sub-contractors are performing inspection on the projects they have contracted, the general contractor shall also participate. After the inspection is deemed acceptable, the sub-contractors shall hand over relevant data of the works to the general contractor, and when the owner organizes the quality acceptance of the unit works, the responsible personnel of sub-contractors shall also participate in the acceptance.

6.0.6 This article specifies organization and coordination departments in the event of disagreement in the opinions on the quality acceptance of building engineering. The coordination department can be the local competent authorities of construction, or a department (unit) with their entrustment, or a consultancy organization approved by all parties.

6.0.7 The filing system for final acceptance of building engineering is an important means to strengthen the supervision and administration by the government and to prevent unacceptable projects from entering the society. The owner shall file the final acceptance documents at the competent construction authorities of the people’s government above the county level pursuant to the “Regulation on Building Engineering Quality” or other appropriate government authorities. Otherwise, the project is not allowed to be put in use.