The first technology is called high dose rate brachytherapy. Brachytherapy is sometimes called internal radiation therapy. High dose rate brachytherapy is a procedure that involves temporarily placing radioactive material inside the patient's body for about 10-20 minutes. Then, the remainder of the radiation treatment will be given over a 3 week period using stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). SBRT is a novel treatment modality that involves the delivery of very high individual doses of radiation to tumors with high precision. This allows the doctor to deliver the same amount of radiation in a much shorter time. The purpose of this study is to determine the safety of brachytherapy when combined with hypofractionated SBRT.

To rule out metastatic disease, patients must have the following tests:

Bone scan within 60 days prior to registration

Computed tomography (CT) of abdomen/pelvis within 60 days prior to registration

Karnofsky performance status > 70

Age > 18

PSA blood test within 60 days prior to registration

Prostate biopsy within 180 days prior to registration

Within 60 days prior to registration, hematologic minimal values:

Absolute neutrophil count > 1,500/mm^3

Hemoglobin > 8.0 g/dl

Platelet count > 100,000/mm^3

Men of childbearing potential must be willing to consent to using effective contraception while on treatment and for at least 3 months thereafter

No history of previous pelvic irradiation

Exclusion Criteria:

History of urological surgery or procedures predisposing to GU complications after radiation, i.e., anastomoses, stricture repair, etc. (will be determined by radiation oncologist)

History of prior pelvic irradiation

Documented distant metastatic disease

Prior radical prostatectomy or cryosurgery for prostate cancer

Contacts and Locations

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below.
For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01655836