Baumanskaya street

The street was named in 1922 in memory of NE Bauman, a fiery Bolshevik revolutionary who was killed here by the Black Hundred on October 18, 1905, when Bauman, with a red flag in his hands, was driving a cab at the head of a demonstration to release political prisoners from the Taganskaya prison. On the wall of the factory building "Red Seamstress" (house number 26) is a memorial plaque. On black polished granite - bronze bas-relief of Bauman. Below, the words are carved: "Here (18) October 31, 1905, Nikolai Ernestovich Bauman, member of the Moscow Bolshevik organization, was villainously murdered by an agent of the tsarist secret police."

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Prior to this, the street was called German - according to the German spruce iodine, which was already here at the time of Ivan the Terrible, and the Novo-German Sloboda, built in 1652.

At the insistence of the Russian clergy, Tsar Alexei Machaylovich evicted here in 1652 all the "Germans" who lived in China Town. White and Zemlyan cities, that is, in the modern Garden Ring. Here foreigners lived almost from all states of Western Europe: the Swedes, the British, the French, the Danes, the Dutch, the Spaniards and others, whom in the 16th - 17th centuries. the Russian people called "Germans" as "dumb" who did not understand the Russian language; hence the name of the settlement. and then its main street. In the XVII century. here lived foreign doctors, merchants, breeders, envoys, officers, artisans.

Karl's Ambassador 11 Carlyle (1663) wrote: "That foreigner Christians live more freely, there is a settlement or suburb outside the city, where most of them live in their own way. That's where the Germans and English usually live. the Dutch and the Poles. "

Reitenfels (1668-11670) reported: "From the outskirts of the remarkable foreign settlement ... The houses in it are wooden, built on German st. The Germans are not ruled by elected authorities (as in Russian settlements), but by the Order. "

Ercole Zani (1672) adds to this that "the Lutherans there have three picks, the Calvinists have two" and that the Russians differ in religious tolerance.

Tanner (1676) speaks of the beautiful houses in the village, the gardens with each house, the ones near the iron factories, the paper mill and the glass factory.

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