In 1835, the first battle of the Texas Revolution took place as American settlers defeated a Mexican cavalry near the Guadalupe River.

In 1919, President Wilson suffered a stroke that left him partially paralyzed.

In 1941, during World War II, German armies began an all-out drive against Moscow.

In 1944, Nazi troops crushed the 2-month-old Warsaw Uprising, during which a quarter of a million people were killed.

In 1950, the comic strip “Peanuts,” created by Charles M. Schulz, was first published in nine newspapers.

In 1957, the World War II drama “The Bridge on the River Kwai,” directed by David Lean, premiered in Britain. (The film opened in the United States the following December.)

In 1958, the former French colony of Guinea in West Africa proclaimed its independence.

In 1975, President Ford welcomed Japan’s Emperor Hirohito to the United States.

In 1985, actor Rock Hudson died at his home in Beverly Hills, Calif., at age 59 after battling AIDS.

Ten years ago: President Clinton proposed sending inspectors to farms around the world to ensure that foreign-grown fruits and vegetables were safe for American consumers. The president also said he would ask Congress to empower the Food and Drug Administration to ban produce from countries whose safety precautions did not meet American standards.

Five years ago: A resident of Silver Spring, Md., was shot and killed by a sniper in a store parking lot in Wheaton; the next day, five people in the Washington, D.C., area were shot dead, setting off a frantic manhunt. (John Allen Muhammad and Lee Boyd Malvo were later arrested for 10 killings and three woundings; Muhammad has been sentenced to death, Malvo to life in prison.) The New Jersey Supreme Court ruled unanimously the Democratic Party could replace Sen. Robert Torricelli on the November ballot with former Sen. Frank Lautenberg.

One year ago: An armed milk truck driver took a group of girls hostage in an Amish schoolhouse in Nickel Mines, Pa., killing five of the girls and wounding five others before committing suicide. Americans Andrew Z. Fire and Craig C. Mello won the Nobel Prize in medicine. Actress Tamara Dobson died in Baltimore, Md., at age 59.