The influence of genetic factors on obesity is between 25 percent to 40 percent.Two or three times more obesity seen in children (between 3-10 ages) with obese parents when compared to non-obese people. Up to 5% of the overweight is relative to single gene disorders.

Causes of Obesity

Obesity is common, people who fed high-calorie often and done less physical activity and sport.Apart from those genetic factor,hormonal disorders,psychological problems, and drugs used together and in rare cases the low metabolic rate

The treatment should begin, in childhood. Obesity treatment requires a team of, physicians (endocrinology,cardiology,general surgery) dietitian and physiotherapists The aim of obesity treatment objectives are, to give people adequate and balanced diet and to improve quality of life by calculating the ideal body weight. Diet, exercise,behavior changes ( psycotherapies) pharmacetical, medical, medicine,surgery, alternative treatments (acupuncture / acupressure,hypnosis) are among the methods used in the treatment of obesity

Surgical Treatment of obesity divides into three basic methods

Methods limit food intake (restrictive).Resection of the stomach, bypass or capacity is reduced narrowing the upper part of the stomach so that people consume less food.For this purpose, sleeve gastrectomy, gastroplasty, gastric bench, gastric balloon and such other methods are used.

Surgical methods fort he malabsorption; the length of the small intestine, where the absortion of food is active, is shortened.By this method, the absorption of food area is reduced. Jejunoileal bypass (JIB) and Duodenal switch (ds) are this type of operation.

Medical history of obesity surgery candidates must be well taken, psychosocial status must evaluated, physical examination must be done. Additional diseases related to obesity and surgical risks should be determined. Medical problems that are detected must be solved before the surgery.

Particulary, in the postoperative period, the dietician must describe in detail, how to diet. The patient must be informed against the problems encountered about nutrition in the short and medium term.

Also after surgery, the expectations must be discussed with patient and to provide the targets must be realistic.It is required to inform the patient in detail to complications that may occur during this period.

This operation is a restricting operation method by removing the large portion of the large curvature of the stomach and the stomach takes a shape of a tube form, the volume of the stomach is reduced about 80-100 cc. By this method of operation and with a good dietitn programme, it is possible to lose 50-70 kg weight, an average of at the end of a year.In recent publications, it is written to be effective to taking the diabetes under control.

Laparoscopic Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass(Rygb),

It is a restrictive surgical procedure that effects the absorption. The commonly used methods. method, is creating a small volume of stomach by leaving an about 30 ml pouch in the stomach. Then, a new connection is made in the small intestine from the small stomach so that the nutrients are provided to pass the small intestine without touching the larger stomach. By the help of small stomach, the patients receiving less food. As the big part of stomach and and intestine by passed, malabsorption occurs. Patients due to fewer calories with malabsorption. This means more weight loss

For the treatment of obesity, bariatric-metabolic surgery apply for the appropriate patients.

Currently, the most widely used type of surgery Sleeve Gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass, Mini Gastric Bypass. One term frequently used adjustable Gastric Banding is no longer used. Malabsorption (malabsorption) intended surgical techniques cause more weight loss. After surgery, patients should be monitored at regular intervals necessarily. Under a dietitian control, daily nutrition programme, daily calorie units and protein must be adjusted. Physical activity and exercise program should be done, should be identified and developed vitamin and mineral deficiencies that can always be observed

sserdaroglu@lokmanhekim.com.tr

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