The study used a number of key metrics, including debt-to-income ratios, bankruptcy and foreclosure rates, and relative cost of living.

Kansas Citians aren't alone in their woes, though. According to the National Foundation for Credit Counseling, more than half of American consumers do not maintain a budget and about 22 percent don't even know what they're spending on things like housing, food and entertainment.

Other bad budgeters, according to Card Hub, include Orlando, who ranked 30th out of 30 on the list and Tampa, Fla., who came in 29th.

St. Louis fared just slightly better than Kansas City in the study, coming in 19th in the Best & Worst Budgeters Study.

Here's a look at the Top 5 and Bottom 5 budgeters, according to the study: