The major pigments of roses could be divided into two groups - carotenoids and anthocyanins. For the yellow and orange coloured roses carotenoids are typical. The dominant compounds found are lycopene, rubixathin, taraxaxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin. beta-carotene, its epoxides, auroxanthin, and from alpha-carotene derived flavoxanthin and chrysanthemaxanthin were found in all growth stages. Some of the structures were found in a limited number of roses - rosaxanthin and rubixanthin, in some roses retinol was found. For pink, red or purple coloured roses both anthocyanins and carotenoids are typical. The ratio of carotenoids and anthocyanins determines the shade of rose colour. Among anthocyanins, cyanidin glycosides and peonidin glycosides are present. They are frequently copigmented with gallotannin, chlorogenic acid, protocatechuic acid, etc. The main flavonoids are isoquercitrin, quercetin and tiliroside. In flowers and hips of the dog-rose (Rosa canina) the number of present compounds is higher. Ascorbic acid levels in hips of the dog-rose are considerably higher than in those of Rosa spp. Ascorbic acid reduces anthocyanins to colourless leucoanthocyanidins and could decrease the stability of anthocyanins. Most represented are tannins and leucoanthocyanidins.

The major pigments of roses could be divided into two groups - carotenoids and anthocyanins. For the yellow and orange coloured roses carotenoids are typical. The dominant compounds found are lycopene, rubixathin, taraxaxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin. beta-carotene, its epoxides, auroxanthin, and from alpha-carotene derived flavoxanthin and chrysanthemaxanthin were found in all growth stages. Some of the structures were found in a limited number of roses - rosaxanthin and rubixanthin, in some roses retinol was found. For pink, red or purple coloured roses both anthocyanins and carotenoids are typical. The ratio of carotenoids and anthocyanins determines the shade of rose colour. Among anthocyanins, cyanidin glycosides and peonidin glycosides are present. They are frequently copigmented with gallotannin, chlorogenic acid, protocatechuic acid, etc. The main flavonoids are isoquercitrin, quercetin and tiliroside. In flowers and hips of the dog-rose (Rosa canina) the number of present compounds is higher. Ascorbic acid levels in hips of the dog-rose are considerably higher than in those of Rosa spp. Ascorbic acid reduces anthocyanins to colourless leucoanthocyanidins and could decrease the stability of anthocyanins. Most represented are tannins and leucoanthocyanidins.

Other subjects

colorant

rosa (genero)

pigmentos

ascorbic acid

antocianinas

pigments

anthocyanins

carotenoids

aditivos alimentarios

acido ascorbico

food additives

pigment

colorantes

dyes

carotenoides

carotenoide

acide ascorbique

anthocyane

additif alimentaire

rosa

From the journal

Horticultural Science - UZPI (Czech Republic)

ISSN
:
0862-867X

Other information

Language
:
English

Type
:
Summary

In AGRIS since
:
2001

Volume
:
28

Issue
:
1

Start Page
:
33

End Page
:
39

All titles
:

"
Anthocyanins and carotenoids - major pigments of roses
"

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