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13.
Functions of a transferred segment
■ 20% of the segments are
essential to the newly-added
phenotypes
13

14.
Functions of a transferred segment
■ 20% of the segments are
essential to the newly-added
phenotypes
■ 10% of the segments are
essential the enhanced-
existing phenotypes
14

15.
Functions of a transferred segment
■ 20% of the segments are
essential to the newly-added
phenotypes
■ 10% of the segments are
essential the enhanced-
existing phenotypes
■ 70% of the segments are
relevant to the any phenotype
considered
15

16.
Number of segments associated with a phenotype
■ most newly-added
phenotypes are associated with
just one essential segment
■ most enhanced-existing
phenotypes are associated with
just one essential segment
16

21.
Number of phenotypes supported by a segment
in the future
■5% of the segments become
essential to phenotypes in the
future branches
■20% of the segments support
phenotypes in the future
branches
21

22.
Number of segments associated with a phenotype
■ number of essential
segments corresponding to a
newly-added phenotype
■ number of essential
segments corresponding to a
enhanced-existing phenotype
■ number of essential
segments corresponding to a
remaining phenotype
22

23.
Example of interacting segments
Evolution of psicoselysine metabolism in the ancestor of O157:H7-EDL933 and
O157:H7-str.-Sakai
23

24.
Conclusion
● Transferred genes are grouped into segments
● FVA help mapping genes to phenotypes
Individual HGTs are linked to the metabolic phenotypes
● As expected from the use-it-or-lose-it principle, just one HGT
segment can enable a new phenotype
● Genes added at an earlier time can be recruited to support
phenotypes developed at a later time, which infers exaptation
● Gene acquisition does not always led to new phenotype;
it can provide alternative enzymes to the existing reactions
24

31.
Interacting segments
● Two segments “interact” with
each other if they are essential to
the same phenotype
● Out of 205 segments considered,
only 9 segments are found to
have interaction
● As a segment can be essential to
multiple phenotypes, they
correspond to 976 phenotype
evolution events
31