Pharmacology Mode of action – anti-estrogen.
It binds estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus and ovaries. If ingestion is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is metabolized in the liver. Excreted in the bile, subjected to enterohepatic recirculation. Because the body is excreted in the faeces. T1 / 2 of 5-7 days. In small doses, it increases the secretion of gonadotropins (prolactin, FSH and LH) stimulates ovulation. At low levels of endogenous estrogens in the body has a mild estrogenic effect, at a high level – antiestrogen. By reducing the level of circulating estrogen, promotes the secretion of gonadotropins. In large doses slows secretion of gonadotropins. Progestogens, and androgen activity is not.

Dosing and Administration
Inside. To stimulate ovulation appoint 50 mg 1 time a day at bedtime, starting from 5th day of the menstrual cycle during 5 days (in the absence of the cycle – at any time); if there is no effect (ovulation does not occur within 30 days) increase the dose to 150 mg / day or lengthen the course to 10 days. Heading dose should not exceed 1 g of ovulation is determined by the presence of a biphasic basal body temperature, the average cyclical increase in production of LH, increase in serum progesterone during the luteal phase of the likely medium or menstruation women with amenorrhea. If ovulation has occurred and pregnancy has not occurred, it is necessary to repeat the course. If held after ovulation was no menstrual bleeding, you should take into account the possible pregnancy.

Men are not to treat oligospermia appoint 50 mg 1-2 times a day for 3-4 months (requires systematic monitoring spermiogram).

Precautions substance Clomiphene
Before and during treatment must be continued monitoring gynecologist should check ovarian function, vaginal exercise study to observe the phenomenon of “pupil” and others. With an increase in ovarian cystic transformation or clomiphene treatment suspended until the normalization of the size of the ovaries. The therapy continues with minimal doses or shorten the period of treatment. The treatment is recommended to monitor liver function. You can not assign an exemption from work to persons whose professional activity requires quick physical and mental reactions.

Doping Information
This drug is added to the list of banned doping agents. Detection time is 3-6 months, depending on the method of detection.

Clomid (clomiphene) or Nolvadex (tamoxifen), which is better?
In this article we will try to resolve doubts about the choice between the two drugs, as well as find the differences: Clomid and Nolvadex.Clomiphene citrate (available in pharmacies under the brand names Clomid, Clomid) and tamoxifen (brand name Nolvadex) is an antiestrogen trifeniletilenov belonging to the same group. They are structurally similar and are classified as selective estrogen receptor modulators with mixed agonistic and antagonistic properties. This means that in certain tissue, they block the action of estrogen receptors by binding, while in other tissues could act as a real estrogen receptors activating. In men, both drugs act as anti-estrogens in their ability to interfere with estrogen negative feedback on the hypothalamus and stimulate the increased production of GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone). This will result in increased production of luteinizing hormone by the pituitary gland, which in turn can increase the production of testosterone by the testes. This makes both drugs, but for some reason bodybuilders continue to think that only good for Clomid testosterone stimulation.
Studies conducted in the late ’70s in the University of Ghent in Belgium make clear the advantages of Nolvadex over Clomid to increase testosterone levels. Researchers have looked at the effect of Nolvadex and Clomid endocrine system healthy men, as well as those who have suffered a small amount of spermatozoids (oligospermia). also found that Nolvadex when used for 10 days at a dosage of 20mg per day increased testosterone in the serum 142% of the initial level that was comparable with the effect of Clomid 150mg per day over the same period of time (an increase in testosterone levels were slightly but not significantly greater with Clomid). We must remember that this is the effect of three 50mg tablets of Clomid. At about the same price 50mg Clomid and 20mg Nolvadex we can already see a difference in relation to the price / benefit result in Nolvadex.

Clomid (clomiphene) or Nolvadex (tamoxifen): differences
Clomid (Clomid) acts on the estrogen receptors in the pituitary and ovaries. By linking estrogen receptors in the pituitary gland, Clomid breaks a negative feedback mechanism, ie, if usually estrogen, acting on the pituitary gland, reduce the production of FSH and LH, when taking Clomid does not happen. Directly on blood levels of estrogen Clomid does not work.
Nolvadex (tamoxifen) also has no effect on estrogen levels, as its mechanism of action is also reduced to the estrogen receptor blockade, including the pituitary gland. However, Clomid is a more selective (selective) blocker and Nolvadex – less selective. If Clomid binds to estrogen receptors in the pituitary and preferably testes Nolvadex then contacting them almost in the entire organism. The exception is the bone where clomid and tamoxifen contrary to activate estrogen receptors.
Thus, Clomid acts as an estrogen antagonist and eliminates their inhibitory effect on the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, contributing to a more rapid recovery of their functions. Nolvadex blocks the receptors in almost all tissues and helps to ensure that the body began to rebuild its own testosterone. Importantly, Nolvadex capable of blocking estrogen receptors in the pituitary less than Clomid.Clomiphene and tamoxifen did not affect the metabolism of estrogenic hormones, so the intake of estrogens these means continue to erode the liver enzymes, and do not accumulate in the body.

Nolvadex has drawbacks: quite toxic (sometimes it manifests itself loss of appetite and nausea, increased risk of thrombosis). Tamoxifen increases the amount of progesterone receptors, so it can not be used, if the rate is based on progestin drugs (nandrolone, trenbolone). In this case, you should use clomiphene.

Dosages clomiphene citrate determined depending on the degree of severity of the course. The more drugs were involved than in high dosages, and how these drugs were stronger, the longer you will need time to recover, and the greater the amount of Clomid need.

Overall, the scheme can be described as follows:
Very tough course – 3 * 150/12 * 100/15 * 50/15 * 25
Hard course – 15 * 100/15 * 50/15 * 25
The average rate – 30 * 50/15 * 25
Easy Course -15 * 50/15 * 25/15 * 25 (every 2 days)
Very easy course – 15 * 50/15 * 25* Note – the first digit, the number of days, the second digit after the asterisk – dosage of clomiphene. For example, 15 * 50/15 * 25 means that the first 15 days is necessary to take 50 mg of Clomid, and then for the next 15 days – 25 mg.

Reviews of Clomid in bodybuilding
Any negative reviews on the use of Clomid in bodybuilding absent. Not surprisingly, since the side effects of the drug are absent (at least, not observed). Clomiphene citrate helps athletes recover quickly and incurring minimal losses after a course of steroids.

Question: What is Clomid?
Answer: This is a synthetic estrogen that is mostly prescribed by doctors to girls, to stimulate ovulation in women.
Question: Why do bodybuilders use it while Clomid?
Answer: As you know, all anabolic steroids lead to a reduction in endogenous secretion of testosterone by the body (yes, everything, even oxandrolone 20 mg for 4 weeks and your test with LH and FSH greatly reduced). After discontinuation of AAS endogenous testosterone at zero, and hormonal therapy is finished. It enters the body in the catabolic process. In turn, Clomid is used during this period to quickly lower stimulate FSH and LH and testosterone levels to raise usual. This will reduce the catabolism of the period for your body.

As a therapeutic drug Clomid for infertility have started to apply to the United States in the early 70s. Today it is already known around the world and is produced by pharmaceutical companies under the names Clomid, serofen, sepafar, omifin, pergotaym, gonafen, duinum, klostil, AYou and klostilbegit.