SMART METER HOW IT WORKS BENEFITS

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1 SMART METER UTILITY GRID TWO-WAY COMMUNICATION UTILITY COMPANY DIGITAL SMART METER A smart meter is an electronic device that records energy consumption information, stores the data, and communicates it with the user and the utility company. The data gathered allows consumers to make decisions about when they will use power, how much they will use, and what it will cost. Throughout the day, the smart meter records and stores the energy use and typically sends the data back to the utility company three times a day. > > It allows both the user and the utility to have feedback and manage electricity production and consumption more efficiently. (You can t manage what you don t know). > > Transforms the electricity grid from a one-way system to a two-way system, allowing renewable energy sources to be incorporated into the energy grid. > > It s a fundamental part of a Smart Grid that helps consumers and s coordinate energy resources.

2 GEOEXCHANGE SYSTEM EXHAUST AIR WARM AIR SUPPLY HEAT RECOVERY VENTILATION AIR HANDLING UNIT EXHAUST AIR COLD AIR HEAT PUMP 80 METRES TO 100 METRES GROUND LOOP It is a central heating and cooling system that utilizes the ground as a heat source and a heat sink. In the winter, a geoexchange system can extract heat from the earth that is relatively warm compared to the cold outside air, and in the summer, it can discharge heat to the earth that is relatively cool, compared to the hot outside air. The ground loop is a series of pipes buried in the ground vertically. For heating, the heat provided by the ground loop is upgraded with the heat pump. The hot fluid from the heat pump transfers heat to air through the air handling unit coils. The warm air is circulated through the house heating the space. Before being exhausted, the air that passes through the heat recovery unit preheats the incoming cold air. > > It reduces the energy required to heat and cool the house and increases energy efficiency. Every one unit of energy that runs through the geoexchange system becomes the equivalent of three units of energy. By using the temperature difference between the air and the earth, we are able to increase efficiency with almost no additional operating costs or environmental impact.

3 ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITH ENERGY STORAGE CAPABILITY UTILITY GRID SOLAR PANELS ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM INVERTER WIND TURBINE FUEL CELL BATTERIES The energy management device allows users who have a number of energy sources to control what type of energy is being used at any time. In this house, energy can come from the grid, the renewable power sources, or from batteries. The energy management device coordinates when each system is used. Because renewable energy is usually created in direct current, the device also converts it to alternating current so that it can be used in the home or sent back to the grid. > > The device allows for optimization of energy usage when there are multiple options for powering the home. This means that energy can be used in the most efficient way. > > It allows for the storage of energy, which is an essential component of most renewable systems.

4 COMBINED HEAT AND POWER FUEL CELL SYSTEM OXYGEN FROM AIR HEAT TO HOT WATER TANK HYDROGEN IN ANODE CATHODE WATER OUT OXYGEN IN POLYMER ELECTROLYTE e- FUEL CELL STACK HYDROGEN INVERTER SYSTEM CONVERTS TO 120V AC ELECTRICITY INVERTER SYSTEM FUEL PROCESSOR FUEL PROCESSOR EXTRACTS HYDROGEN CO 2 AC ELECTRICITY TO BUILDING FOR USE NATURAL GAS It is a device that converts chemical energy directly into electrical energy and heat. Natural gas passes through a steam-reforming process that produces hydrogen and byproducts including carbon dioxide. Hydrogen enters one side of the fuel cell, the anode, where it losses an electron. The electrons go through an external circuit producing electricity. Hydrogen then travels through the polymer electrolyte to the other side of the fuel cell, the cathode. In cathode, oxygen from air is present, and water is produced by the combination hydrogen, oxygen and electrons that traveled through the external circuit. In addition to producing electricity, the reaction also produces heat which is extracted with the produced water and it is stored in the hot water tank. > > It can produce both electricity and heat on site and on demand from natural gas. In the future, fuel cells may be used in residential settings to accommodate the demand for electricity during peak times.

5 ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATION LEVEL 1 120V 8 HOURS TO CHARGE AT LEVEL 1 SLOW LEVEL 2 240V 4 HOURS TO CHARGE AT LEVEL 2 MEDIUM LEVEL 3 347V 30 MINUTES TO CHARGE AT LEVEL 3 FAST The charging station allows people to charge their electric vehicles. This is a Level 2 charging station, which means that it charges at twice the speed of a normal power outlet. It works like any electric plug found in the house. Level 2 supplies 240V, which is equivalent to what an electric dryer or oven uses. In this charging station, electricity goes through a box and a cord that improves safety by sending power to the plug only after it has been plugged into an electric vehicle. > > It allows a vehicle to be charged faster than a standard outlet and provides more convenient access for those investing in electrical vehicles.

6 WIND TURBINE WIND TURBINE ENERGY MANAGEMENT DEVICE It s a device that converts the kinetic energy of the wind into electricity. This is a vertical axis turbine designed to produce electricity at very low wind speeds. The energy in the wind turns the blades around a rotor. The rotor is connected to the main shaft, which spins a generator to create electricity. The energy is converted from direct current to alternating current or stored in the energy management device for future use. > > Wind turbines are another way of producing clean, renewable energy in a small scale for a residential property.

7 SMART APPLIANCES SMART METER The energy-efficient appliances in this house have the capability of communicating with the household smart meter. The smart appliances communicate with the household smart meter to optimize their operation and reduce energy demand. > > The smart meter will inform your devices of the optimum time to operate and consume energy. For example, the defrost cycle of the freezer might only run when demand for energy in BC is low.

8 LED LIGHTS LIGHT RELEASED LED CFL INCANDESCENT Projected lifespan 50,000 hours 10,000 hours 2,000 hours Watts Frequent On/Off cycling no effect reduces some effect Turns on instantly yes small delay yes Heat emitted low medium high Hazardous materials none mercury in lamp none Replacement frequency (over 50k hours) 1 time 5 times 25+ times LED lights use Light Emitting Diodes (LED) to produce light more efficiently. An LED produces light when electrons move around within its semiconductor structure. A semiconductor is a component made of positively and negatively charged particles. The positive layer has electron holes and the negative layer has free electrons. When an electric charge strikes the semiconductor, the electrons move from the negative to the positive layer, emitting light as they go. > > LED lights are more energy efficient, have no mercury, and last longer.

9 PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAY UTILITY GRID SOLAR ARRAY HOME POWER ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SMART METER It s a device that transforms solar energy into electricity. Some materials exhibit a property known as the photoelectric effect that causes them to absorb photons of light and release electrons. When these free electrons are captured, an electric current results. > > Photovoltaic arrays are another way of producing clean, renewable energy in a small scale for a residential property. Extra energy can also be put back into the utility grid.

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