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APPROACHES FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
VALUATION FOR THE GULF OF MEXICO
AFTER THE DEEPWATER HORIZON OIL SPILL
INTERIM REPORT
Committee on the Effects of the Deepwater Horizon Mississippi
Canyon-252 Oil Spill on Ecosystem Services in the Gulf of Mexico
Ocean Studies Board
Division on Earth and Life Studies

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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing
Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the coun-
cils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and
the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report
were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This study was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
under contract number DG133R08CQ0062. Any opinions, findings, conclusions,
or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and
do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided
support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-21179-6
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number-10: 0-309-21179-4
Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press,
500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800) 624-6242 or
(202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet, http://www.nap.edu
Copyright 2012 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America

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The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society
of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated
to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare.
Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Acad-
emy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific
and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy
of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter
of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding en-
gineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members,
sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the
federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering
programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and
recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president
of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of
Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in
the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Insti-
tute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its
congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own
initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V.
Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sci-
ences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the
Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government.
Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the
Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy
of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to
the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The
Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine.
Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively,
of the National Research Council.
www.national-academies.org

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Acknowledgments
This report was greatly enhanced by the participants of the meetings
held as part of this study. The committee would like to acknowledge the
efforts of those who gave presentations at the committee meetings: Donald
F. Boesch (University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science), Garret
Graves (State of Louisiana), John Hankinson (Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restora-
tion Task Force), Captain James Hanzalik (U.S. Coast Guard), Kathy Kling
(Iowa State University), Jacqueline Michel (Research Planning, Inc.), Paul
Montagna (Harte Research Institute, Texas A&M Corpus Christi), and Steve
Picou (University of South Alabama).
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for
their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with pro-
cedures approved by the NRC’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of
this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that
will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible
and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity,
evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments
and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the
deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their
participation in their review of this report:
Peter Auster (University of Connecticut)
Bruce Bayne (URS Corporation)
Trudy Ann Cameron (University of Oregon)
Dan Doty (Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife)
Thomas Leschine (University of Washington)
Daniel Magraw (Center for International Environmental Law)
Jacqueline Michel (Reserarch Planning, Inc.)
James Sanchirico (University of California, Davis)
ix

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x ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive
comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions
or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its
release. The review of this report was overseen by Kathleen Segerson, Uni-
versity of Connecticut, appointed by the Divison on Earth and Life Studies,
and Simon Levin, Princeton University, appointed by the Report Review
Committee, who were responsible for making certain that an independent
examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional
procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Re-
sponsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring
committee and the institution.