March 2002 Adar 5762

Transcription

1 March 2002 Adar 5762

2

3 Hasbara Handbook: Promoting Israel on Campus Published and produced by WUJS, the World Union of Jewish Students.

4 The World Union of Jewish Students (WUJS) 9 Alkalai St., POB 4498 Jerusalem, 91045, Israel T: F: WUJS All Rights Reserved THIS PUBLICATION IS SPONSORED BY THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF THE JEWISH AGENCY FOR ISRAEL, AND BY THE JOINT DISTRIBUTION COMMITTEE

5 HASBARA HANDBOOK Writing this handbook has been a difficult task. Trying to strike a balance between support for Israel, and a realisation that some things just aren t black and white has been our goal. We hope that what has resulted is useful to Jewish students everywhere, and that ultimately Israel is strengthened through our efforts. Jewish students in the Diaspora are not unconditional supporters of Israel, just as Israelis have different political preferences. Unfortunately, many Jewish students express their dissatisfaction with some government action or other by ignoring Israel, giving up on her just when she needs the most help and support. In our Hasbara Handbook we have rejected the old-fashioned position which states that every Jewish student must support everything that Israel does. Rather, we believe, Israel is an imperfect country, invariably run by imperfect governments. Mistakes are made, approaches are taken that are hard to understand, but one thing remains constant the Jewish state has a right to exist, and her citizens have a right to safey. That the Palestinian leadership has made some serious strategic mistakes is not in doubt. No doubt, they will do again. But Israel is not perfect, and only a fool would pretend that she is. When confronted with atrocities such as terror attacks on teenagers, we can campaign hard on campus for the sake of Jews in Israel without believing that Israel is perfect. Israel shouldn t have to present herself as without problems just as no other country does. All around the world governments are attempting to tackle racism, poverty, prejudice and Israel is no different. But if a young soldier at a road-block panics when attacked by rocks and petrol bombs, if somebody is injured as a result of human error, Jewish students often despair and lose their faith in Israel just when she most needs support. The reluctance of Jewish students to get behind Israel unconditionally is probably connected to the gradual shift in our generation towards attempting to find personal meaning in Judaism. Very few young Jews will do things merely because a Jewish organisation or authority mandates them. We are individuals looking to enrich our lives through Jewish engagement. We are proudly ethical, and proudly independent. This Hasbara Handbook attempts to acknowledge all of this, whilst providing Jewish students with the tools to defend Israel as a country in an intelligent and thinking way. Different responses to issues are legitimate and some Jewish students will be reluctant to defend some Israeli government action: the most important thing, we believe, is that Jewish students do what they can to explain the huge complexity of the problems and dangers facing Israel, to lobby for support for Israel, and pressure for an end to Palestinian violence. v

6 Practically speaking, this Hasbara Handbook has attempted to show that different positions exist on debates, and that the pro-israel banner is very wide indeed. In general we have presented a fairly centrist line, in an attempt not to offend anybody, but we have included other opinions too, and attempted to remain aware of the subtleties of the debates. We have also explicitly tackled some of the dilemmas facing Jewish activists, and talked about when it s legitimate to criticise Israel, what to do on policies one doesn t agree with, when it s okay to talk honestly, and so on. We hope that the product is something that Jewish students feel comfortable with. This document is evolving all the time on the WUJS website at we will incorporate suggestions, add articles that students suggest are necessary, and keep up to date with the latest news developments. Please join the growing community of Jewish activists who are keen to share their ideas and expertise. Together we can help Israel and help each other. Jewish students need the tools to defend themselves against anti-semitic and anti-zionist attacks, to help Israel in her fight against violence and drive for peace, and to enrich their connection to the people of Israel. These are times of despair and hopelessness. Please dig deep to find the strength to be pro-active, to help Israel, and spread a message of peace and nonviolence. WUJS Staff vi

7 FROM THE CHAIRPERSON At the World Conference Against Racism, held in Durban in late August 2001, I saw and heard a level of anti-jewish hatred I had never come across before. With other young Jews, from countries around the world, I was on the receiving end of a worrying new phenomenon. Israeli murderers I will not speak to you until you take that thing [a kippah] off your head These are the voices that the Jewish students hear, and the attacks that Jewish Students are facing on campuses all over the world. The level of hatred might be different from place to place, the level of attack-whether verbal or physical-might differ, but all things considered, this is the new form of Antisemitism. This new form of Antisemitism puts the State of Israel, the haven and sanctuary of the Jewish People, at the front line of attack. The message is clear the State of Israel, the only country in the world with a Jewish majority is illegitimate; the outcome will be profound - Jewish persecution world over. This is why, whether in Durban or in Geneva, in Paris, Concordia, or Manchester the direct effect of brutal attacks on Israel is that local Jewish people get hurt. It is the brave Jewish students resisting this trend who are the first to be negatively affected by it. One thing must be understood these extreme verbal and physical attacks have one purpose to put down, mock, and de-legitimise Jews everywhere. We must be more knowledgeable and more accurate in our responses to certain accusations; we must understand what particular groups mean when they direct their accusations in a certain manner. We have to look behind the words to get to their hidden agenda and we must know how to respond. More than that, Jewish students need to be proactive, to think strategically, and to promote the many important positive aspects of Israel. Jewish Students are standing at the forefront of the attacks and accusations against Israel, and need to make a difference, to fight back. It is really up to us to take the leading role and to explain to those who are critical but open minded, to those who are liberal and honest, and to those who are not going with the flow - what Judaism is, what Zionism is, and what Israel is, and to explain why they are important to Jews the world over. We need to explain what it means to be surrounded by more than 15 hostile dictatorships, some of them more then five times your vii

8 country s size and population, when only two of these countries have acknowledged your right to live in your own country. Of course, as democratic, open-minded students we have the right and the obligation to criticize, and to voice our feelings, but we must do that after learning the facts. We share the understanding that we will always defend and fight, together, for freedom of religion and the security of the Jewish people. We are proud to present you with the new addition of WUJS Activate in it we have tried to give you informative as well as practical tools to deal with Antisemitic and anti-israeli propaganda. It is now your responsibility to read and learn this important information so that, if needed, you will be able to use it effectively. I want to take this opportunity to thank Joby Blume and Alexandra Benjamin who wrote this booklet, Elana Marsden who prepared it for publication, and all those who gave valuable feedback and support. I hope you all remain active and involved in these important Jewish student activities. Peleg Reshef WUJS Chairperson viii

9 CONTENTS Principles of Israel Advocacy 1 The Aims of Israel Advocacy 3 Being Proactive and Promoting Israel 6 Communication Styles: Point Scoring and Genuine Debate 8 Antisemitism, Anti-Zionism, and Israel 13 Media Bias and Israel 17 Seven Basic Propaganda Devices 22 Personal Politics in Israel Advocacy 28 Just Walk Away: When Not to Engage 31 Skills for Israel Advocacy 33 Running a Campaign 35 Forging Campus Alliances 42 Preparing a Speech 46 Speaking in Public 52 Letter Writing 56 Approaching Public Officials 60 Organising a Demonstration 61 Making and Distributing Leaflets 64 Israel and Jewish Students 67 Self-Development for Israel Activists 71 Training and Development for Israel Activists 74 Israel: Accusations and Rebuttals 77 The Collapse of the Peace Process and the Road Back to Peace 79 Camp David Terrorism 84 Palestinian Leadership 89 The Palestinian Refugee Issue 92 Israeli Settlements 97 The Jewish Right to a State 101 Israel and the United Nations 105 Israel in the Middle East 109 Arabs in Israel ix

11 The Principles of Israel Advocacy THE PRINCIPLES OF ISRAEL ADVOCACY 1

12 Hasbara Handbook: Promoting Israel on Campus 2

13 The Principles of Israel Advocacy THE AIMS OF ISRAEL ADVOCACY Jewish students are often identified as representatives of Israel. This means that Jewish students are often called upon to defend Israel, whether they like it or not. It is important for Jewish students to be prepared for this role, so that they aren t placed in difficult situations, and so that they can help Israel and their own Jewish communities. It is important for a Jewish student, however reluctantly they might be involved in Israel advocacy, to be clear about what the general aims, and what his or her personal aims, are in this realm. As with all things, a clear idea of what one is trying to achieve helps effectiveness. Considering the aims of Israel advocacy from a personal perspective ensures a personal commitment to those tasks an Israel activist takes on. Influencing Public Opinion The first aim of Israel advocacy is to influence public opinion. Public opinion is very important to Israel, and Jewish communities around the world. Firstly, in the field of international relations, foreign policies are heavily influenced by politicians' perceived electoral interests. If politicians detect public support for Israel, they will be likely to support Israel themselves. Secondly, Israel benefits from public support economically - in terms of willingness to visit Israel and buy Israeli goods. Thirdly, a pro-israel public climate can prevent difficulties for Jewish communities around the world. Unfortunately, we have recently been able to see the difficulties caused for Jewish communities by anti-israel sentiment fuelling anti-semitic activity. Influencing Public Leaders The second aim of Israel advocacy is to influence public leaders. It is possible for citizens to influence public officials and leaders directly. Politicians respond to public pressure. If politicians receive dozens of letters calling upon them to support Israel, they will be more likely to do so. Israel benefits from political support abroad, because it ensures a more sympathetic response to Israeli policies. For more on this point see Approaching Public Officials p. 60 Influencing the Leaders and Opinion Formers of the Future Campuses are the breeding ground for the next generation of politicians and opinion formers. For this reason, the third aim of student Israel advocacy is to influence campus leaders. 3

14 Hasbara Handbook: Promoting Israel on Campus Student union leaders might end up as government ministers, student journalists might end up as national newspaper editors. Because people often form and refine many of their political ideas at university, it is important for the long run security of Israel to try to influence student leaders and journalists to understand Israel and to be favourable towards her. In the years to come, Jewish communities will be glad this has been done. Making Things Comfortable for Jewish Students on Campus In an anti-israel environment, things can be difficult for Jewish students on campus. It is hard for Jewish students to feel relaxed when people are constantly criticising Israel unfairly, questioning Israel's right to exist, and creating a climate of fear for Jewish students. Shaping campus opinion to prevent anti-israel feeling, the fourth major aim of student Israel advocacy, allows Jewish students to avoid uncomfortable situations on campus, allows students to identify as Jewish on campus without fear, and strengthens Jewish life on campus. For more on this point see Israel and Jewish Students p. 67! Diverse Opinions Some people in Israel believe that some policies enacted by various Israeli governments are damaging to Israel's real interests. They argue that sometimes the international community usefully serves to restrain Israeli governments from taking actions that might be counterproductive in the long term. There are, however, many policies - such as the opposition to terror, and the calls for responsibility from the Palestinian leadership - that Israelis are united behind. Approaches to Israel Advocacy There are two main approaches to Israel advocacy that allow Jewish students to achieve the aims outlined above. These approaches apply to everything Israel activists are trying to achieve in their advocacy for Israel. These approaches can be called "neutralising negativity" and "pushing positivity". Neutralising negativity is about attempting to counter harmful impressions and accusations. This is the side of hasbara that is concerned with the defence of Israel. "Israel is not bad because." "This action was justified because " This often involves arguing over sequences of events, attempting to reframe debates to focus on different issues, and placing events in a wider context, so that the difficulty of Israel's situation is understood in a more positive light. For more on this point see Communication Styles: Point Scoring and Genuine Debate p

15 The Principles of Israel Advocacy Neutralising Negativity is usually reactive and responsive. Pushing Positivity attempts to demonstrate the good things about Israel's case. The aim to is make people see Israel in a good light and have sympathy with her. "Israel is a democracy" "Israel wants peace" This often involves setting the agenda, focusing on some of the more positive features of Israel, and taking the lead in attacking the Palestinian leadership in an effort to allow people to view Israel favourably in comparison. For more on this point see Being Proactive and Promoting Israel p

16 Hasbara Handbook: Promoting Israel on Campus BEING PROACTIVE AND PROMOTING ISRAEL Much of Israel advocacy concerns being reactive and defending Israel against unfair accusations. However it is important that Israel activists are proactive too. Proactivity means taking the initiative and setting the agenda. It means being on the "attack", trying to create positive impressions of Israel. Audiences who have a favourable general impression of Israel are likely to respond favourably when specific issues arise. It is a mistake to only try to promote Israel when she is being strongly criticised in the press. WHY BE PROACTIVE? Agenda Setting The person who sets the agenda will usually win the debate. Reactivity forces Israel activists to be constantly on the defensive ("no, Israel is not all that bad"). However by setting the agenda Israel activists get to determine what to talk about, and can therefore discuss the things they feel help promote the pro-israel message. Being proactive keeps the right issues in the public eye, and in the way Israel activists want them to be seen. It is much easier to get Palestinian activists defending Arafat against charges of being a corrupt terrorist than it is to explain to disinterested students that Ariel Sharon didn't kill anybody at Sabra and Chatilla (which of course he didn't). It is much easier to feed students falafel at a party than to explain why Zionism isn't racism to a student who doesn't even know what national self-determination is. To understand the value of agenda setting, consider the 6-Day War of When the war was inevitable, Israel decided to seize the initiative through a pre-emptive strike. This allowed them to control the war from the beginning. In 1973, the Yom Kippur was fought on the defensive. Many lives were lost in trying to turn the situation around. When Israel activists are proactive and set the agenda they don't need to waste energy trying to turn things around. For more on this point see How to score points while avoiding debate in Communication Styles: Point Scoring and Genuine Debate p. 8 People Believe What they Hear First Uncritical audiences believe something if they hear it first and hear it often. People tend to believe the first thing they hear about a certain issue, and filter subsequent information they hear based on their current beliefs. Once people believe something, it is hard to convince them that they were wrong in the first place. 6

17 The Principles of Israel Advocacy Motivation and Morale Constantly being on the defensive can be demoralising and de-motivating. It is important that Jewish students feel good about Israel and feel positive about their roles. In the short term, defending Israel might give activists a motivating adrenalin rush, but in the long term it is draining and can lead to a feeling of isolation. Being proactive is more enjoyable than being reactive, can leave Jewish students smiling, and can force Palestinian activists to struggle to make themselves heard. Ways to Promote Israel and be Proactive There are many proactive events and activities you can organise. Find more ideas in the "practical pointers" section of each of the articles in the Israel: Accusations and Rebuttals section. Vigil for Victims of Terror Petition for the return of the missing Israeli soldiers Solidarity Mission Israel information stall at university Write an article for university paper Demonstrate against Palestinian corruption Guest speakers Petition for peace Yom Ha'atzmaut party Rally outside Iranian embassy to denounce support of terrorism Israeli music concert Israel-themed dinner Yitzhak Rabin memorial ceremony Israeli film festival Campaign against rogue states developing nuclear weapons Fundraise for Israeli charities For more information see Israel and Jewish Students p

18 Hasbara Handbook: Promoting Israel on Campus COMMUNICATION STYLES: POINT SCORING AND GENUINE DEBATE There are two major approaches to communication to use during Israel advocacy. These two approaches are used in different situations, and are designed to achieve very different things. These two approaches point scoring and genuine debate - require different techniques, and the Israel activist must know how to use each technique at the correct time. Point Scoring Point scoring is a method of communication that prioritises making certain points favourable to the speaker, and attacking opponents of the speaker by trying to undermine their positions. Point scoring communication ought to give the appearance of rational debate, whilst avoiding genuine discussion. The aim of the Israel activist point scorer is to try to make as many comments that are positive about Israel as possible, whilst attacking certain Palestinian positions, and attempting to cultivate a dignified appearance. Point scoring works because most audience members fail to analyse what they hear. Rather, they register only a key few points, and form a vague impression of whose 'argument' was stronger. When to Point Score Point scoring is the correct method of communication to use when the audience is likely to be only partially engaged. Talk radio, student newspapers, large panel discussions, and anything to do with television or the Internet should probably be viewed as having partially engaged audiences, and so point scoring is the right way to communicate in these forums. Point scoring can irritate audiences who are genuinely committed to thinking seriously about their views on a subject. When talking in serious academic circles, or talking to friends, or answering questions addressed personally by genuinely interested individuals, it is preferable to refrain from point scoring, which can seem shallow, and to instead more fully engage using rational argument. 8

19 The Principles of Israel Advocacy How To Score Points Whilst Avoiding Debate Central to point scoring is the ability to disguise point scoring by giving the impression of genuine debate. Audience members can be alienated by undisguised attacks, so all point scoring needs to be disguised. To disguise point scoring, comments need to seem to be logical, and to follow from what was said before. Use phrases that subtly change the agenda or reframe the debate to do this: "Well, that's not really the right question " "I don't think we should be focusing on, the real point is that " "That's an interesting point, but I don't think we can really begin to address it before we think about " "You seem to assume that, an assumption that's impossible to share. Really, we need to consider " "It's a shame that the Palestinian leadership have led the Palestinian people down a dead-end, where conflict and violence leads to tragic situations. Things would have been better if " "I really think that we would all be better served by looking forward instead of back at the things that happened over 50 years ago. The past is important to note, but we have to move on in an attempt for peace. That's why I think we would be better served talking about " The examples above field the comments that precede them by giving the appearance of addressing what was said. They then go on to reframe the discussion by setting a new agenda. What Points To Make Point scoring needs to be focused. Because the people listening to 'point scoring' are only paying partial attention, only two or three points have a chance of 'sticking'. For this reason, focus point scoring on a few points supporting Israel, and a few points pointing out weaknesses in Palestinian positions. These points should be made again and again, in as many forums as possible. If people hear something often enough they come to believe it. Attempts to make too many different points will result in the audience remembering nothing. Points Supporting Israel Israel wants peace, and is willing to make far-reaching concessions in order to achieve this. At Camp David, Israel offered the Palestinians more than any observer had ever thought possible, and their generous offers were turned down. 9

20 Hasbara Handbook: Promoting Israel on Campus Israel is defending itself against terrorists who deliberately kill civilians going about their daily lives. Every Western country, including Israel, needs to defend its own civilians from terrorists. Points Pointing Out Palestinian Failings Yasser Arafat and the Palestinian leadership can't be trusted. They have repeatedly broken promises, and gone against the Oslo Accords. Arafat agrees to things, and then attempts to go back on them, including agreeing to negotiate over the Israeli presence in the West Bank and Gaza, and then declaring that violence is justified by this presence, before negotiations are concluded. Yasser Arafat and the Palestinian leadership promote violence and refuse negotiation. Arafat rejected the generous offer Barak made at Camp David outright, and wasn't even interested in negotiations. Arafat is brutalizing his own people by teaching and promoting violence in schools, the media, and political forums. Yasser Arafat and the Palestinian leadership support terrorists. Hamas, Islamic Jihad, and Hizbollah are terrorist organizations that the Palestinian Authority consistently fails to crack down on. Show arrests are undermined by a revolving door prison policy. Even Arafat's own Fatah organization is involved in terrorist attacks. Yasser Arafat and the Palestinian Authority are corrupt. Billions of dollars in aid has been transferred to the Palestinian Authority, and Palestinian leaders live in luxury whilst Palestinians on the ground are struggling. Much Palestinian suffering is caused directly by the corruption of Palestinian leaders. When Points Can Fail To Score Not every point made has the desired effect. It is important to anticipate who an audience is, and to make points accordingly. Audiences are often affected badly by points that don't seem relevant to the debate, or by points that have been used too often, for too many years. 'Old' points can be made to seem more up-to-date by flavouring them with contemporary examples. An example of a point failing to hit-the-mark would be a mostly anti-israel audience being told that 'Israel is the only democracy in the Middle East', which they would most likely treat as a tired cliché; an audience of American school children might have been positively influenced by the same point. 10

21 The Principles of Israel Advocacy The Point Scoring Approach In Action For an example of the point scoring approach in action, consider the example of a public forum where a Palestinian activist is making the claims below, and an Israel activist responds using the point scoring technique: Palestinian activist: If Israel wants Arafat to stop terror and crackdown on militants, why does she make it hard for him to operate by denouncing him, attacking his security services, and forcing the infrastructure of the Palestinian Authority to crumble? Israel activist: It's a real shame that Israel hasn't been able to have a better relationship with Yasser Arafat recently. [This sentence avoids debate, turns the attack on Israeli policy towards the Palestinian Authority, and narrows it to focus on Yasser Arafat.] If Arafat's Fatah organization stopped its terror attacks on Israel, then perhaps things would be different. [Point one - Arafat's own organization is terrorist.] Of course, if Arafat were more trustworthy, things might be better too. [Point two - Arafat is not to be trusted.] At the moment he is telling the world he's arresting extremists, but the minute after they are arrested they walk out of prison to attack Israeli civilians with Arafat's blessing [Point three - Arafat lies to the world. Point four - Arafat supports terrorists]. The ball is in Arafat's court - he can continue to embrace terror, or he can join Israel back at the negotiating table. [Point five - Arafat supports terror. Point six - Israel wants peace.] Genuine Debate Traditional approaches to Israel advocacy have often assumed that all talk about Israel should consist of short sound bites and point scoring. This approach can backfire when used on people who are analysing arguments and trying to think deeply, and who really just want somebody to present arguments rationally to them. When To Debate Genuine debate is appropriate in forums where people are really attempting to think about the Middle East situation constructively, to consider the issues, and to communicate in an attempt to understand things better. 11

22 Hasbara Handbook: Promoting Israel on Campus Genuine debate is fundamentally different to point scoring. In a forum where listeners are mature and interested in the issues, it is appropriate to engage in genuine debate by responding to questions honestly, admitting that things in Israel aren't always perfect, and perhaps even by criticising certain policies as errant. Because the audience or person engaged in dialogue is interested more in content than presentation, in genuine debate it is possible to admit to not knowing answers, being unclear on facts, and so on. Remember that what seems like a genuine debate might not be. Academic forums can turn quickly into opportunities to condemn, words can be taken out of context, and what might be said to an intelligent audience can always be quoted to a less attentive one later by somebody trying to distort a message. It is possible to disagree with Israeli policy without undermining positions that are favourable to Israel. Many people who attack Israel do so by attempting to question the legitimacy of her existence. It is possible to disagree with some small aspect of Israeli Government policy without questioning Israel's right to exist, just as it is with Belgian policy, for example. Those who attack Israel's right to exist just because her governments, like all others, have made policy errors, use fundamentally flawed reasoning, and should be opposed using any available technique. For more on this point see Personal Politics in Israel Advocacy p. 28 The implications of admitting to Israeli error are not always as great as one might fear. Those who believe that Israel must be perfect in every way, whilst the Palestinians and others can execute awful policies, are applying double standards to Israel. In private conversation and in friendly settings, it is reasonable to admit that Israel has made mistakes that she attempts to learn from, whilst pointing out that other countries do this too. 12

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How did Hitler and the Nazis use propaganda to increase and maintain power in Germany in 1933-1939? It cannot be denied that Hitler and the Nazis had great power and control over Germany in the 1930 s.

Connectedness and the Emotional Bank Account Directions This is a self-guided activity that can be completed by parents, teens or both. It contains five parts and should take about 45 minutes to complete.

Arab revolutions: Why West was caught off-guard In early November, Mondial interviewed Ziad Abdel Samad, Executive Director of the Arab NGO Network for Development (ANND, based in Beirut). ANND is a regional

Medical Malpractice VOIR DIRE QUESTIONS INTRODUCTION: Tell the jurors that this is a very big and a very important case. Do a SHORT summary of the case and the damages we are seeking. This summary should

Voir Dire in Domestic Violence Cases By Sarah M. Buel, Co-Director, University of Texas School of Law Domestic Violence Clinic Voir dire provides the opportunity to educate jurors while probing for bias,

Critical analysis Be more critical! More analysis needed! That s what my tutors say about my essays. I m not really sure what they mean. I thought I had written a really good assignment this time. I did

Lesson Five: War and Peace in Cambodia. US, UN and Buddhist Roles Goals: To review the role and effect of US policy in Cambodia. To learn about US aid, the role of the UN and the Buddhist peace movement.

T The Iraqi Conflict: Its Impact on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict by Eric Rouleau here is a widespread belief in the Arab world and in western pro- Palestinian circles that there is a strong Israeli

Theme: The Growing Role of Private Security Companies in Protecting the Homeland. Background on terrorist organizations: A global threat, every object is a target, infinite number of targets. Terrorist

War, Propaganda and the Media http://www.globalissues.org/humanrights/media/military.asp We must remember that in time of war what is said on the enemy's side of the front is always propaganda, and what

RESPONSE TO THE GOVERNMENT REVIEW OF THE MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD 22 DECEMBER 2015 PHOTO: ALLEGED MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD HEADQUARTERS IN LONDON CAMPAIGN AGAINST ANTISEMITISM PO Box 2647, London W1A 3RB Registered

David Crum, Esq. Managing Partner New Mexico Legal Group, P.C. ABOUT THE AUTHOR David Crum, Esq. David Crum is the Managing Partner of New Mexico Legal Group, P.C., an Albuquerque-based criminal defense