Upon graduation, Alexey Miller was engineer-economist at the General Planning Division of Leningrad Civil construction Research and Design Institute (LenNIIproekt under the Executive Committee of the Leningrad City Council).

In the 1990s, Miller served as junior researcher at the Leningrad Finance and Economics Institute; section head of the Economic Reform Committee, Executive Committee of the Leningrad City Council; head of the Markets Monitoring Division at the Foreign Economic Relations Directorate, External Relations Committee of St. Petersburg Mayor’s Office; head of the Foreign Economic Relations Directorate; and deputy chairman of the External Relations Committee. In 1996, he became director for development and investments at the Sea Port of St. Petersburg.

In 1999, Miller became director general of the Baltic Pipeline System and in 2000 he was named deputy energy minister of the Russian Federation.

Since 2001, Miller has been the Chairman of the Management Committee at Gazprom and has been the Deputy Chairman of the Gazprom Board of Directors since 2002.

Miller belongs to the Order for the services to the Fatherland, IV Class; Order of the Hungarian Republic Cross, II Class, for the services in the energy corporation sector; St. Mesrop Mashtots Order (Republic of Armenia); Dostyk (Friendship) Order, II Class (Republic of Kazakhstan); Order of Honor (Republic of South Ossetia); Order of Merit of the Italian Republic; Sergiy Radonezhsky Order of the Russian Orthodox Church, II Class; and has received the Medal of the Order for the Services to the Fatherland, II Class and the Patriarchal Merit Certificate.