What to go by: gas or gasoline?

In the thirties the 19th centuries Englishman Barnett took out the patent for the gas engine, and in 1860 Frenchman E. Lenuar constructed the motor working at mix of air and gas. Such choice of fuel surprised nobody - gasoline was not yet.

Gasoline as fuel was used two decades when G. Daymler created a petrol internal combustion engine later. The petrol motor replaced a horse in the first “ self-moving carriages “ - cars.

Universal growth of number of cars demanded significant increase in production of gasoline. As about possible motor fuel for a long time forgot about gas. Only in 100 years after Barnett, in the late thirties our century, the thought of its use revived. Then there were first gas-generating cars. Gas was produced in a fire chamber, and from there moved in the engine.

Gasoline rises in price, and for a long time it is tried to be replaced. Both natural gas, and the synthesized gases and liquids, for example - alcohol which is driven from the most different raw materials: from reed to orange-peels.

It is also worth specifying that all these types of fuel are less dangerous to environment, than gasoline.

Octane number 105?

of Research disproved an established opinion that use of gas instead of gasoline - a compulsory measure. Gas fuel burns down more stoutly therefore concentration of carbon monoxide in an exhaust of the gas engine several times is less.

The car on gasoline releases sulphurous gas which is formed from combustion of sulphurous components of fuel, and tetraethyllead into the atmosphere. In natural gas there is no sulfur, as a rule, and therefore in exhausts of the gas engine there is neither sulphurous gas, nor compounds of lead.

Exhaust gases of the petrol engine from - for incomplete combustion of fuel contain also carbon monoxide (WITH) - substance, toxic for the person.

Both gas, and petrol cars release identical amount of hydrocarbons into the atmosphere. Not hydrocarbons, but products of their oxidation are dangerous to health of the person. The engine working at gasoline throws out rather easily oxidized substances - ethyl and ethylene, and the gas engine - methane which of all saturated hydrocarbons is steadiest against oxidation. Therefore hydrocarbonic emission of the gas car is less dangerous.

Gas as motor fuel not only does not concede to gasoline, but also surpasses it in the properties.

The internal combustion engine of the car works on a classical four-cycle cycle. Gaseous mix of air and fuel is soaked up in the engine cylinder, compresses the piston, ignites a spark, presses on the piston and moves the shatunny mechanism, and then is thrown out of the cylinder.

The stronger it is possible to compress fuel without emergence of a detonation, the engine capacity is more. Anti-detonation ability of fuel is determined by octane number. The it is higher, the fuel is better. The average octane number of natural gas - 105 - is unattainable for any brands of gasoline. It is known that AI 92 - 93, 95 or 98 is everywhere used, as corresponds to octane number.

The internal combustion engine works at mix of air and the sprayed fuel. For ignition of mix a certain concentration of fuel is necessary. Gas, in comparison with gasoline, burns at smaller concentration, i.e. at more “ poor “ mixes. In case of increase of concentration of gas and enrichment of mix it is possible to achieve increase in engine capacity. Impoverishing mix, on the contrary, it is possible to lower power. There is opportunity change of composition of mix to regulate engine capacity: gas as fuel it is considerable “ more obediently “ gasoline.

Operation showed that cars on gas are more hardy - in one and a half - two times work without repair longer. At combustion of gas it is formed less firm particles and ashes causing the increased wear of cylinders and pistons of the engine. Besides, the oil film keeps on metal surfaces longer - it is not washed away by liquid fuel, and, at last, gas practically does not cause metal corrosion. Here it is worth mentioning the interval of replacement of oil and candles. When using as gas fuel the interval increases by 1,5 times.

And now we will consider types of gas.

Methane

In transition to gas fuel is the difficulties. So, for example, density of natural methane is one thousand times lower than gasoline density. Therefore if to fill the car with methane with an atmospheric pressure, then the amount of fuel, equal with gasoline, requires a tank in 1000 times more. Not to carry the huge trailer with fuel, it is necessary to increase gas density. It can be reached compression of methane to 20... 25 MPas (200... 250 atmospheres). For storage in such state special cylinders which are established on cars are used (many saw on a roof of buses cylinders - and so it they).

Natural gas - methane is capable to reduce sharply volume (by 600 times) at its low-temperature liquefaction. Such liquid gas can be transported in special “ gasoline tanks “ with a pressure no more than 6 atmospheres (water pressure in a water tap). There is a set of technical developments and patents on realization of such technology of receiving liquid methane. Around the world many million tons cooled (up to the temperature about -120 °C) methane are already made and consumed. The largest producers is Indonesia, Algeria, Libya, the USA, Norway etc. For transportation methane tankers with the displacement up to 120000 tons (Japan) are used by Products of full combustion of methane harmless substances - carbon dioxide and water are. For this reason we do not feel discomfort in our kitchens where sometimes the whole day gas (metane) torches burn.

Propane - butane

Propane - butane - synthetic fuel. It is received from oil and the condensed oil associated gases. That this mix remained liquid, it is stored and transported under the pressure of 1,6 MPas (16 atmospheres). The gas-balloon equipment for liquefied propane - butane is slightly simpler. Process of gas station of cars at gas-filling stations is simple and very similar to filling with gasoline.

On the properties the liquefied propane - butane almost does not differ from the compressed natural gas. Same high octane number, same quite good ecological and operational indicators. Is at liquefied propane - butane and advantage before methane - 225 liters of this fuel are enough for run about 500 kilometers, and the methane which is located in eight cylinders - on twice smaller. Twice less cars, than on squeezed and that is why work at the liquefied gas. Propane - butane receive in 20... 25 times are less, than get natural gas.

However, at all these advantages car owners do not hurry to pass to gas. And to it there is an explanation. In - the first, it is necessary to pay for the gas equipment at once. And if to pay, then for import. Operation of the car on gas (especially during the winter period) has the shortcomings (though in the summer they are also shown), well and, of course, many are confused by a cylinder which needs to be established in a luggage carrier of a favourite iron horse.

Whether to put gas? From what reasons to proceed? Now, I think, you will have less questions and doubts for decision-making.