Review the classifications of skills, to include the differences between individual, coactive, and interactive skills.

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Introduction

Review the classifications of skills, to include the differences between individual, coactive, and interactive skills. Many theorists have tried to analyse the range of skills applicable in sport. Different activities require different types of skills as they have different requirements. Skills need to be categorised, so that teachers can adapt their teaching style for different skills. Many things affect skills, for example, whether the movement has a recognisable beginning and end, the effect of the surrounding environment, and the precision of movement. Skills that have common characteristics are grouped together. There are many ways of classifying skills, for example 'Classification continuums'. Continuums are affected by individual interpretation. Skills can be classified on a scale depending on their role. Different classifications are used, depending on the purpose. 'Classification is often seen as a starting point for the planning of teaching strategies and approaches to learning. A combination of methods may be used in order to identify the range of requirements of the skill'. (Advanced PE for Edexcel-2000) The effect of the environment can be measured by continua's. Barbara Knapp (1963) called these open and closed skills. ...read more.

Middle

The movement is usually very precise, and involves high levels of hand and eye co-ordination, an example of where a fine skill is used could be a pass in football, or in a golf drive. It usually involves a high degree of hand/ eye co-ordination. Gross.......................................................................................................Fine (John Honeybourne- 2000) Self-paced and externally paced skills focus on the timing of movements. In a javelin throw, for example, the performer controls the rate at which the skill is executed. This therefore, is a self paced skill. The environment controls an externally paced skill. An opponent, official, time, or a whistle are examples of things that control the rate at which the skill is performed. An example of an externally paced skill is receiving a tennis serve, or a sprint start. S E L F P A C E D Skill category 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (Pacing continuum-Edexcel- Heinemann-2000) E X T P A C E D Discrete, serial, and continuous continuums are concerned with the definition of the beginning, and end of the skill. A discrete skill is a well-defined action. ...read more.

Conclusion

Each of these skills has different performance requirements. Individual and coactive skills are often pre-learned, although this is not possible for interactive skills, as a game situation is never the same. You need to adapt to the environment. Closed..............................................................................................Open Self Externally Paced................................................................................................Paced Discrete...............................................................................................Serial (Profile of skill requirements of a rugby tackle) (Edexcel- Heinemann- pg. 106. Year 2000) This essay has explained how skills are classified into different groups, depending on their characteristics. Due to the many ways of classifying skill, an analytical approach is needed. This is why these continua's exist Frank Galligan et al. said, 'Classification is often seen as a starting point for the planning of teaching strategies and approaches to learning'. I think that continuums are a lot of help to athletes and teachers. The reason for which we classify skills, is to optimise the learning, development and performance of sport. Teaching styles can be adapted for different skills due to these continua's. The teacher may decide to teach a skill in sub routines, for example, a lay up in basketball, as this may optimise the class's performance. The criticism of these continua's can only be that there is room for individual interpretation. For some people, a certain skill could be classified as an open skill, but for some, it could be considered as a closed. ...read more.

From my result I can derive that my current V02 Max is as follows. * V02 max = 64.734 ml/kg/min (� 0.3 ml/kg/min) This test is very valid; it is probably one of the best ways of calculating your V02 max.

Continual assessment is more of an overall assessment as it analyses your overall and doesn't really specify on one particular area. TESTING AGE: 17 HEIGHT: 5ft 10in WEIGHT: 65Kg SPORT: Cricket POSITION: All-Rounder LENGTH OF ANALYSIS: 6 Weeks After each game their will be several things I will need to

Strengths * As the performer moved towards the ball to carry out the skill he focused on the ball, which was an advantage as give him better concentration for obtaining his goal * In addition of focusing on the ball he bended his knee's to generate power while the ball

this is another thing I need to think about before going into the ruck. An elite forward such as Phil Vickery would have to practice and work on all of these things to make his technique perfect. He would have to work on his body position (how low he is and where his feet are)

For my subject to improve in this area she will need to lose a bit of weight, which may result in her improving her game. A method of training that could be used to improve her body status would be continuous training, the performer should be working at a high

to the sport and also to determine the areas of critical stress in the sport. Strength and weaknesses in each athlete need to be assessed by the chosen professional. As stated, different sports require various levels of fitness and all athletes should be tested, or analysed for strength, flexibility, endurance, power and speed.

to the return without any fear of the ball going into the net. Result The result of the above mentioned weaknesses is that the ball is returned to the opponent with backspin but no real speed, meaning that the opponent has a lot of time to decide what shot to

Heats are also in the same format of that of the National Junior Championships, with heats taking place in the region and then a final later on in the year. However the final of the National Youth Championships takes place one day in November/December.