Caption: The Temple of Trajan, Pergamon, located outside the modern city of Bergama. Pergamon became the capital of the Kingdom of Pergamon during the Hellenistic period, under the Attalid dynasty (281 - 133 BC). Pergamon is cited in the Book of Revelation as one of the seven churches of Asia. Captured by Xenophon in 399 BC and immediately recaptured by the Persians, it was severely punished in 362 BC after a revolt. It was briefly the capital of the Roman province of Asia, before the capital was transferred to Ephesus. After a slow decline, the city was favoured by several imperial initiatives under Hadrian (117 - 138). It was granted the title of metropolis and as a result of this an
ambitious building programme was carried out; massive temples, a stadium, theatre, forum and amphitheatre were constructed. Pergamon is a UNESCO World Heritage Site