Fetal and Neonatal Physiology

4th
Edition
Expert Consult - Online and Print, 2-Volume Set

By Richard A. Polin, MD, William T. Speck Professor of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University; Director, Division of Neonatology, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York - Presbyterian, New York, New York
and Steven H. Abman, MD, Professor of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine; Director, Pediatric Heart Lung Center, The Children?s Hospital, Denver, Colorado

VII. Perinatal Iron, Trace Minerals, and Vitamin Metabolism: Iron Metabolism during Fetal and Neonatal Life ? Trace Element Metabolism in the Fetus and Neonate ? Metabolism of Vitamin A and Water Soluble Vitamins During Fetal and Neonatal Life ? Vitamin E Metabolism in the Fetus and Neonate ? Vitamin K Metabolism during the Fetal and Neonatal Periods

VIII. Lipid Metabolism in the Fetus and Newborn: Placental Transport of Free Fatty Acids, Glycerol, and Ketone Bodies ? Lipid Accretion in the Fetus and Newborn ? Brown Adipose Tissue: Development and Function ? Lipids and an Energy Source for the Premature and Full-Term Neonate ? Ketone Body Production and Metabolism in the Fetus and Newborn ? Very Long Chain Fatty Acids in the Developing Retina and Brain ? Physiological Effects of Lipid Infusions ? Developmental Physiology of Lipoproteins and Cholesterol ? Lipoprotein Lipase

IX. Carbohydrate Metabolism: Metabolism of Glucose and Methods of Investigation in the Fetus and Newborn ? Maternal Metabolism During Pregnancy ? Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Fetus ? Role of Glucoregulatory Hormones on Hepatic Glucose Metabolism During the Perinatal Period ? Cell Glucose Transport and Glucose Handling During Fetal and Neonatal Development ? Glucose Metabolism During the Transition to Postnatal Life ? Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia in the Newborn

XII. Skin: Structural and Biochemical Organogenesis of Skin and Cutaneous Appendages in the Fetus and Newborn ? Development of the Cutaneous Circulation ? Composition of Skin Lipids ? Sweating in the Neonate ? pH Patterns in Newborn Skin ? Skin Barrier Function ? Bacterial Colonization of the Skin of the Newborn

XIII. Fetal and Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiology: Development of the Fetal Heart ? Molecular Development of the Heart ? Role of Peptide Growth Factors in Cardiovascular Development ? Fetal and Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiologic Development ? Developmental Electrophysiology in the Fetus and Neonate ? Developmental Biology of the Pulmonary Vasculature ? Development of the Pulmonary Circulation: Metabolic Aspects ? Development of the Gastrointestinal Circulation in the Fetus and Newborn ? Regulation of the Fetal Cerebral Circulation ? Autonomic and Central Neuroregulation of Fetal Cardiovascular Function ? Endocrine Regulation of the Fetal Circulation ? Nitric Oxide and the Perinatal Circulation ? Regulation of Umbilical Blood Flow ? Fetal and Placental Circulation During Labor ? Cardiovascular Diagnosis in the Fetus and the Effects of Congenital Heart Lesions on Developing Physiology ? Response of the Fetal Circulation to Stress ? Fetal and Neonatal Congestive Heart Failure ? Physiology of Resuscitation

XIV. The Lung: Normal and Abnormal Structural Development of the Lung ? Fetal and Neonatal Lung-liquid Balance ? Functional Development of the Upper Airway ? Functional Development of the Lower Airway ? Functional Development of Respiratory Muscles ? Mechanics of Breathing ? Pulmonary Gas Exchange in the Developing Lung ? Oxygen Transport and Delivery ? Control of Breathing in Fetal Life and Onset and Control of Breathing in the Neonate ? Pathophysiology of Apnea of Prematurity ? Evaluation of Pulmonary Function in the Neonate ? Pathophysiology of Hyaline Membrane Disease (Excluding Surfactant) ? Pathophysiology of Lung Injury and Repair: Special Features of the Immature Lung ? Pathophysiology of Chronic Lung Disease ? Physiologic Effects of Conventional Mechanical Ventilation ? Physiology of High Frequency Ventilation ? Liquid Ventilation ? Physiology of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

XVI. Physiology Of The Gastrointestinal Tract in the Fetus and Neonate: Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Human Gastrointestinal Development ? Organogenesis, Innervation, and Histologic Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract ? Development of the Enteric Nervous System ? Development of Gastric Secretory Function ? Development of Intestinal and Colonic Motility ? Motility of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract in the Fetus and Neonate ? Development of Exocrine Pancreatic Function ? Digestive and Absorptive Function in the Fetus and Infant ? Pathophysiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux ? Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

XVII. Liver and Bilirubin Metabolism: Organogenesis and Histologic Development of the Liver ? Fetal and Postnatal Hepatic Vasculature and Blood Flow ? Bile Acid Metabolism during Development ? Bile Secretion and its Control in the Mature and Immature Organism ? Hepatic Disposition of Xenobiotics during Prenatal and Early Postnatal Development ? Bilirubin Metabolism and Toxicity in the Newborn ? Pathophysiology of Breast-Milk Jaundice ? Phototherapy for Neonatal Jaundice ? Pathophysiology of Metabolic Diseases of the Liver ? Pathogenesis of Neonatal Cholestasis ? Evaluation of Liver Function

XVIII. The Kidney: Embryogenesis and Anatomic Development of the Kidney ? Renal Function in Utero ? Postnatal Maturation of Renal Blood Flow ? Development of the Renin-Angiotensin System ? Postnatal Development of Glomerular Filtration ? Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Neonates ? Renal Transport of Sodium During Early Development ? Potassium Transport in Early Development ? Transport of Calcium and Phosphorus ? Transport of Amino Acids During Early Development ? Developmental Aspects of Organic Acid Transport ? Concentration of the Urine ? Dilution of the Urine ? Urinary Acidification ? The Response to Nephron Loss in Early Development ? Regulation of Blood Pressure During Fetal and Newborn Life ? Clinical Significance of Developmental Renal Physiology ? Pathophysiology of Acute Renal Failure in the Neonatal Period ? Continuous Hemofiltration in Neonates

XIX. Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism: Fluid Distribution in the Fetus and Neonate ? Fetal and neonatal Body Fluid Composition with Reference to Growth and Development ? Colloid Pressure and Osmoregulation in the Pregnant Woman, Fetus, and Neonate ? Regulation of Acid-Base Balance in the Fetus and Neonate ? Hydrops Fetalis and Other Causes of Neonatal Edema and Ascites

XXIII. Neurology: Development of the Nervous System ? Development of the Blood-Brain Barrier ? Development of Neurotransmitters ? Biochemistry of Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury ? Perinatal Brain Metabolism and Prevention of Asphyxial Injury ? Developmental Biochemistry: Studies in vivo with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ? Electroencephalography in the Premature and Full-term Infant ? Development of Tone and Reflexes in the Fetus and Newborn ? Cerebral Blood Flow in Premature Infants: regulation, Measurement, and Pathophysiology of Intraventricular Hemorrhage ? Intraventricular Hemorrhage in the Premature Infant: Morphologic Characteristics ? Deleterious Effects of Intrauterine Drug Exposure of the Nervous System ? Nutritional and Hormonal Regulation of Brain Development ? Ontogenesis of Striated Muscle

XXIV. Special Sensory Systems in the Fetus and Neonate: Development of Touch, Pain, and Temperature Sensation in the Fetus and Neonate ? Anatomical and Functional Development of the Eye and Pathophysiology of Retinopathy of Prematurity ? Anatomical and Functional Development of Hearing ? Development of Taste and Smell in the Neonate

XVII. The Pituitary: Neurosecretions and Neurotransmitters of the Fetal Hypothalamus ? Growth Factors and Development ? Growth Hormone and Prolactin ? LH and FSH Secretion in the Fetus and Newborn ? Development of the Corticotropin-releasing Factor ACTH/Beta Endorphin System in the Mammalian Fetus ? Fetal and Neonatal Neuropophyseal Hormones