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Japan's emergence in the 1970s and 1980s as a technological and innovative powerhouse impressed and fascinated the world. Many believed that Japan's technological gains stemmed from government-provided subsidies.

Silicon Valley and Japan have both been important areas of innovation, and have interesting histories that have altered the course of the world; however, they have approached innovation very differently.

Audio, transcript and presentation from "Advancing Science to Reduce Premature Mortality Worldwide" on Oct. 1, 2013 with Prabhat Jha. Human life expectancy improved more in the last 50 years than in the preceding 5000 years.