Pipe CharacteristicsMicrotunneling pipe should meet the following general requirements: Circular shape with a flush outside surface (including at the joints); Strength sufficient to withstand both the installation...

Pipe DesignThe pipes and joints, once installed, must be capable of safely withstanding, for the project design life, all in-use service loads, including those associated with the following factors:...

Performance Limits for Deepwater PipelinesThis paper highlights the differences between onshore and offshore pipeline design. It then summarizes the results of combined external pressure, tension, and bending testing on full scale...

Pore Water Pressures in Unsaturated SoilsUnsaturated soils are three-phase systems composed of solid mineral matter, water, and air. Such soils may be formed by either natural or artificial means. Except in moist environments,...

Pressure ReliefWhen the two basins making up a 90 acre reservoir in New York needed to be emptied and cleaned, engineers decided to use the 2,750 ft (840 m) long concrete wall dividing them as a dam....

A Paradigm Shift in Irrigation ManagementIn coming decades, irrigated agriculture will be called upon to produce up to two thirds of the increased food supply needed by an expanding world population. But the increasing dependence...

Tunnel with VisionTwo tunnel boring machines that are being used to bore a pair of 6.6 km long tunnels under the Westerschelde estuary in the southern Netherlands must dig through loose sand and sticky...