Summary

Experiments have been on 164 white rate-females with 160-180g weights. There were studied topography, morphology, histophysiology, biochemical properties and reactivity to hormonal stimuli of some uterine diffuse endocrine system cells (DES) (serotoninocytes and mast cells) in the oestrous repose, oestrus, gestation and postnatal period.

As a result of the lead researches has been established, that in a uterus there is a numerous population of cells of DES, which contents serotonin, and mast cells.

The population of cells of DES containing serotonin, is localized mainly in functional endometrium, as a rule, form groups. Cells have oval and round shape. Cells of DES located in endometrium show specific properties: contain in cytoplasm serotonin granules with specific fluorescence, are capable to grasp of serotonin-precursors (triptofan and 5-hydroxitriptofan) and to synthesize from them serotonin. All these caracteristics illustrate, that these cells are part of DES. A similar cell was determined also in miometrium, but their quantity was much less.

DES cells have property of secretion, main mechanism being, probably, exocytosis with cells’ degranulation and serotonin granules elimination in intercellular space. In miometrium population of DES cells is less, is located mainly around vessels, has the same properties as in endometrium, but, cells’ processes (synthesis, stoking and secretion of serotonin) are less expressed.

Oestrus is characterized by quantitative diminution of DES cells in endometrium, numeric reduction of serotoninic granules in the cells, decreased fluorescence, but with constant extracelullar granules number maintaining.

These data are showing, that uterine decreasing of serotonin in oestrus is produced predominantly by slowed down processes of synthesis and accumulation and less by increasing cell secretion. Similar changes of serotoninic processes in endometrium on oestrogen administration with changes determined in oestrus are showing that these processes are mediated by estrogens.

In gestation was recorded the lowest content of intracellular serotonin and the lowest serotoninic and secretion index, facts which are showing low intensity of synthetic and secretor processes.

In postnatal involution of uterus endometrial endocrinocytes undergo phase changes: in first day decrease severely population of endometrial serotoninocytes as result of intensification of serotonin secretion in deliver; during 4 days serotonin secretion is higher than synthesis and intracellular accumulation; beginning with 4th day increases synthesis and intracellular accumulation with parallel diminution of serotonin secretion and restoration of initial levels at 15 day postnatal.

Mast cells population of uterus is situated, mainly, around blood vessels in miometrium, while in endometrium only individual cells are observed.

In the postnatal period uterine mast cells undergo phase changes: during the first 3 days the density of a population and volume of cells sharply increases, getting the greatest values by 6 day; simultaneously in this period secretion of histamine increases also.

Obtained results are showing the importance of uterine diffuse endocrine system and particularly of serotonin in physiological reproductive processes of uterus.

Oficial Reviewers

Gheorghe Paladidoctor habilitat, professor, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Moldova