Screencasting is a better and great way to showcase a procedure, to teach,demonstrate a service or to create video tutorials without having to write a content or an article. Screencasting tools are available both as desktop applications (Free and commercial) and web-based services. The good news is that there are a growing number of screencasting tools that are completely free to use; some do not even require a registration to let you get started.

Videos are simply great to deliver a message in a very short time and for most people bandwidth is not a problem any more.The following screencasting tools are all free to record screen but of course their features are not as much as paid ones.You can easily record your screen and add audio or edit your recorded screen videos with these tools.If you know more free tools then please denote in comments section.
Free tools
1.Aviscreen

AviScreen is an application for capturing screen activity in the form of AVI video or bitmap images.It has a unique feature called “follow the cursor”. Using this mode you can produce a video or image of relatively small dimensions while covering all mouse activity over the whole screen area.You may stop or pause the video capture at any moment. If you use the popup menu to stop/pause the capture, the process will also be captured and may need to be trimmed later. When the computer is slow or very busy, sometimes it is necessary to hit the shortcut key several times before it works.This is a free capture program that records the video into AVI files, but can also do BMP photos. It’s Windows only and does not record audio.
2.Camstudio

Free and open source streaming video software for Windows that allows you to capture screen and audio activity on your computer and create AVI video files and export to SWF. CamStudio has an easy-to-use interface and includes a video annotation feature, custom cursors and selected screen region recording.
3.Copernicus

A free program for Macs that focuses heavily on making quick and speedy films by recording the video to your RAM for quicker access. Does not include any support for audio.
4.Goview

Free Windows software from Citrix Online, that allows you to record video of your screen, capture audio, edit and host your videos without bandwidth limitations. Screencasts can be password protected, and downloaded/uploaded to other sites.
5.ISU

ISU enable people to easily Record a sequence of operations in applications.
Edit the recorded presentation, draw on it and add nice notes and stylish HTML pages.Send it to friends via Email, Messenger or any other application or Browser Email. Or even create FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) in a Center-Folder.
6.Jing

Free simplified screen recording software for Mac and Windows machines that allows users to quickly record videos (including audio) from a window or region on their desktop, including the mouse, scroll movements and clicks on websites or applications. You can record up to five minutes. Jing is a product of TechSmith, the makers of Camtasia Studio and Camtasia for Mac.
7.Krut

Krut is a screencast tool that is written in Java and well suited for making video tutorials (instructional videos) on most platforms. Krut records movie files, including sound, of selected parts of your screen. The files use the quicktime mov format. The program has an intuitive and compact user interface.
8.Freescreencast

Free software that lets you record your screen, capture audio, control the cursor, and export to FLV format. You can then upload to FreeScreencast.com for free hosting (no file size or resolution limits) and sharing.
9.Screentoaster

ScreenToaster is a free web-based screen recorder designed to capture your screen activity, audio and webcam images in real-time then publish and share your video in blogs and websites.ScreenToaster works in all browsers and doesn’t require any download so that you can use it anywhere, anytime.
10.Microsoft expression encoder

This free version of Expression Encoder 3 does not include support for IIS Smooth Streaming and H.264 encoding.
11.Screen castle

Screen Castle is an online recording tool.Of course it is not professional as the others but you can easily record your screen with one click and get the sharing codes immediately.
12.Screencast O matic

It’s like an online tool which you don’t have to download anything.You just click the Create Button and a box appears which works with Java and you adjust the screen area to start recording as you see in the below screen shot.you can send the recorded file directly to through hosting.
13.Screen jelly

A free web-based utility that lets you record your screen and audio for up to three minutes, then send it out to Twitter or in an email.
14.Screenr

A free web-based tool for Windows or Mac that lets you create screencasts without installing any software. Your screencast is published in high-definition Flash format, and can be shared on Twitter, YouTube or anywhere else on the web. Screenr is made by Articulate, the makers of Articulate Studio.
15.Oripa screen recorder

oRipa Screen Recorder is a handy tool to record your Windows desktop activities in real time and save it as a video file. oRipa Screen Recorder also captures anything you can hear on your PC, such as, music and talking through the PC’s microphone.
16.Utipu

UTipU Tipcam has 2 versions.FREE and PRO.It is another easy to use tool for recording both video and audio.You can also make smart zooming which is very useful for presentations.Click the Zoom button to zoom into closer. This type of zoom will follow your mouse. You can also zoom before you start recording.
17.UltraVNC

The screen recorder is build with the old Rendersoft camstudio source.UltraVNC boasts a chat window, a dialog for file transfer and an embedded Java viewer which allows you to open a UltraVNC session in a browser. Supports audio also.
18.Webinaria

You can easily create screen records as .avi file and turn them in to .FLV file.You can also add you voice and edit the recorded file later.It requires Windows and totally FREE.

Let us know if we have missed some awesome app for screencasting and we will update the article.:)

There are many ways to remove flaws from the skin; however, I like to use the clone tool. I do not use the clone tool to remove and replace the skin but rather in a special way that will allow me to work slowly to hide the flaw or blemish on the skin. The beautiful young lady pictured here is typical of teenagers in that hormones may cause zits or other eruptions on their skin that are unsightly. As a photographer it is our job to lessen that and make the model look their best. You will note on the neck of this young lady a rather large skin eruption. This is not a normal mark and one that I am sure she wishes were not there.

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On the tool bar on the left hand side of the workspace is the clone tool. Click on this tool. Now go to the mode setting at the top and select a soft brush that is near to or smaller than the blemish. Move to the right and click on mode, setting it to lighten. Move to the right and set the opacity to around 12% and the flow rate to 100% or less. You are now ready to begin hiding the blemish. Find a good patch of skin near the blemish, position your brush on it, hold down the ALT key and click your mouse once. Now begin to soften the blemish by doing a click and hold while going over and over the blemish. You will note that it begins to lighten. Continue until the blemish is gone. In the center of the blemish it is lighter than the surrounding skin. Set mode to darken, ALT click on the good skin and repeat the process above to darken this lighter area. The blemish is now gone as shown in the image. You might also note that I have lightened some of her permanent moles and fixed other light or dark areas using the same technique described above. I generally do not totally remove permanent moles on a models face.

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Touching up undesirable highlights and reflections

The end of nose is a particularly onerous place for reflections and burned out highlights as you will note on the model above. Removing them is just as simple as removing a blemish. The difference is that you set the clone tool mode to darken. Select a patch of skin with the appropriate color and do an ALT click. Now go over the highlight until it looks good to you. Be careful not to go too far a field from the highlight itself as you can make the nose look flat in that area instead of rounded as it normally is. If you make a mistake, it is simple to go back a step in the history palette and redo that step. Don’t hesitate to switch between darken and lighten if need be. At this stage do not worry if everything is not perfect as the Gaussian blur will take care of minor imperfections in your work.

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Apply a Gaussian blur to the skin to soften and blend it

Much of the information in this part of the tutorial was gleaned from Scott Kelby’s great book entitled The Photoshop Book for Digital Photographers, which I recommend highly to everyone new to Photoshop.

I will attempt to keep the “how to” part of this tutorial as detailed as possible so that those new to Photoshop will be able to follow along. This is an advanced technique so stay with me. First thing to do is to open the picture that you want to apply the Gaussian blur to. Create 2 additional layers of this image in the Layer’s pallet. An easy way to do this is to hold down the Ctrl key and click on the J key twice. You should now see three layers of the image. Hide layer 1 copy by clicking on the Eye icon next to it in the layers pallet. Highlight the middle layer by clicking on it and your layers pallet should now look like this:

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In the drop down box on the Layer’s pallet change the blend mode from Normal to Darken. Next go to the menu at the top of the screen and click filter/blur/Gaussian blur and then apply a 35 pixel blur to the image. Don’t worry that your image looks bad at this stage.

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On the Layers pallet, click on the little Eye icon beside the middle layer to hide this layer and then click on the top layer to make it active. Now change the blend mode from Darken to Lighten by clicking on Lighten in the drop down box. Next run a 50 pixel blur on this top layer (Filter/blur/Gaussian Blur).

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After you have applied the blur, click on the middle layer to make it the active layer and then lower the opacity to 30%. Hide the background layer from view by clicking on the Eye icon beside it and then create a new layer by clicking on the New Layer Icon at the bottom of the Layers pallet. This icon is on the bottom right just next to the little garbage can. When the new layer is created click and drag this layer to the top of the stack as shown.

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Next, hold down the Alt Key and with your mouse go to the top and click (hold) on Layers and while holding the mouse button down go to the bottom and release the mouse button over Merge Visible as shown here.

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This creates a flattened version of your document in the new layer. In the layers pallet, make the background layer visible with the Eye icon and hide the two middle layers by removing the Eye icon from them. Make sure the top layer is the active layer and then lower the opacity to 37%. This is a subjective adjustment and you should set it at the point that your image has the right amount of blur to suit your taste. All that is left now is the removal of the Gaussian blur from the hair, eyes, eyebrows, lips, jewelry, clothing and anything else that you don’t want blurred.

Click on the layer mask icon at the bottom of the layer pallet (third from the left). Insure that your foreground color is set to black. You can change the background/foreground easily by clicking on the small x while watching it change on the leftmost tool pallet. Select a soft edged brush from the tool pallet and paint over everything that you do not want blur on (eyes, mouth, hair, etc.). Generally this is everything except the skin. Change the size of the brush so that it is easy for you to do that without getting over into the skin. Your layers pallet will now look like this.

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At this point you may flatten the layers and discard the unused layers (Layers/Flatten Image). If you feel a little touch up for the brightness of the image is needed, do that with levels or Brightness/Contrast.
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Spot Sharpening

Select the spot sharpener from the tool pallet on the left hand side of your screen and quickly go over the eyes, mouth, and anything else that you want sharpened.

Applying a final sharpening is up to you but in any event do not over sharpen. Watch the eyelashes and hair especially so as not to create artifacts or halo’s. Here is the final product:

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Don’t be intimidated by this tutorial, once you run through it a few times it is quite easy. One last caution, it is better to error on the side of too little blur than too much. It is easy to make the skin look plastic and unnatural. The goal is to accomplish the softening but yet not have it noticed. If you remove all traces of texture to the skin you will have failed for most types of portraits.

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