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Piri Reis map of Antarctica – Antarctica ice free!

In 1929, a group of historians found an amazing map drawn on a gazelle skin. Research showed that it was a genuine document drawn in 1513 by Piri Reis, a famous admiral of the Turkish fleet in the sixteenth century. His passion was cartography.

Piri Reis high rank within the Turkish navy allowed him to have a privileged access to the Imperial Library of Constantinople. The Turkish admiral admits, in a series of notes on the map, that he compiled and copied the data from a large number of source maps, some of which dated back to the fourth century BC or earlier.

The Controversy – the Piri Reis map of Antarctica

The Piri Reis map shows the western coast of Africa, the eastern coast of South America, and the northern coast of Antarctica ice free. The northern coastline of Antarctica is perfectly detailed. The most puzzling however is not so much how the Piri Reis Antarctica map managed to so accurate 300 years before it was discovered, but that the map shows the real coastline under the ice. Geological evidence confirms that the latest date Queen Maud Land could have been charted in an ice-free state is 4000 BC.

On 6th July 1960 the U. S. Air Force responded to Prof. Charles H. Hapgood of Keene College, specifically to his request for an evaluation of the ancient Piri Reis Map:

TO: Prof Charles H. Hapgood, Keene College

Dear Professor Hapgood,

Your request of evaluation of certain unusual features of the Piri Reis Antarctica map of 1513 by this organization has been reviewed.. The claim that the lower part of the map portrays the Princess Martha Coast of Queen Maud Land, Antarctic, and the Palmer Peninsular, is reasonable. We find that this is the most logical and in all probability the correct interpretation of the map. The geographical detail shown in the lower part of the map agrees very remarkably with the results of the seismic profile made across the top of the ice-cap by the Swedish-British Antarctic Expedition of 1949.This indicates the coastline had been mapped before it was covered by the ice-cap. This part of Antarctica ice free. The ice-cap in this region is now about a mile thick. We have no idea how the data on this map can be reconciled with the supposed state of geographical knowledge in 1513.

Harold Z. Ohlmeyer Lt. Colonel, USAF Commander

The official science has been saying all along that the ice-cap which covers the Antarctic is million years old. The Piri Reis Antarctica map shows that the northern part of that continent has been mapped before the ice did cover it. That should make us think it has been mapped million years ago, but that’s impossible since mankind did not exist at that time. Further and more accurate studies have proven that the last period of ice-free condition in the Antarctic ended about 6000 years ago. There are still doubts about the beginning of this ice-free period, which has been put by different researchers everywhere between year 13000 and 9000 BC. The question is: Who mapped the Queen Maud Land of Antarctic 6000 years ago? Which unknown civilization had the technology or the need to do that?

It is well-known that the first civilization, according to the traditional history, developed in the mid-east around year 3000 BC, soon to be followed within a millennium by the Indus valley and the Chinese ones. So, accordingly, none of the known civilizations could have done such a job. Who was here 4000 years BC, being able to do things that NOW are possible with the modern technologies? All through the Middle Ages there were a number of sailing charts called “portolani” circulating, which were accurate maps of the most common sailing routes showing coastlines, harbor’s, straits, bays, etc. Most of those portolani focused on the Mediterranean and the Aegean seas, and other known routes, just like the sailing book which Piri Reis himself had written. But a few reported of still unknown lands, and were circulating among a few sailors who seemingly kept their knowledge about those special maps as hidden as they could. Columbus is supposed to have been one of those who knew these special sailing charts. To draw the Piri Reis Antarctica map he used several different sources, collected here and there along his journeys. He has written his own notes on the map that give us a picture of the work he had been doing. He says he had been not responsible for the original surveying and cartography. His role was merely that of a compiler who used a large number of source-maps. He says then that some of the source-maps had been drawn by contemporary sailors, while others were instead charts of great antiquity, dating back up to the 4th century BC or earlier.

Piri Reis map of antarctica ice free

Dr Charles Hapgood, in his book Maps of the Ancient Sea Kings (Turnstone books, London 1979, preface), said that: It appears that accurate information has been passed down from people to people. It appears that the charts must have originated with a people unknown and they were passed on, perhaps by the Minoans and the Phoenicians, who were, for a thousand years and more, the greatest sailors of the ancient world. We have evidence that they were collected and studied in the great library of Alexandria (Egypt) and the compilations of them were made by the geographers who worked there. Piri Reis had probably come into possession of charts once located in the Library of Alexandria, the well-known most important library of the ancient times.

According to Hapgood’s reconstruction, copies of these documents and some of the original source charts were transferred to other centres of learning, and among them to Constantinople. Then in 1204, year of the fourth crusade, when the Venetians entered Constantinople, those maps begun to circulate among the European sailors. Most of these maps – Hapgood goes on – were of the Mediterranean and the Black sea. But maps of other areas survived. These included maps of the Americas and maps of the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans. It becomes clear that the ancient voyagers traveled from pole to pole. Unbelievable as it may appear, the evidence nevertheless indicates that some ancient people explored Antarctic when its coasts were free of ice. It is clear too, that they had an instrument of navigation for accurately determining the longitudes that was far superior to anything possessed by the peoples of ancient, medieval or modern times until the second half of the 18th century. This evidence of a lost technology will support and give credence to many of the other hypothesis that have been brought forward of a lost civilization in remote times. Scholars have been able to dismiss most of those evidences as mere myth, but here we have evidence that cannot be dismissed. The evidence requires that all the other evidences that have been brought forward in the past should be re-examined with an open mind.” (Ibid.)

Piri Reis map of Antarctica

In 1953, a Turkish naval officer sent the Piri Reis map to the U.S. Navy Hydro graphic Bureau. To evaluate it, M.I. Walters, the Chief Engineer of the Bureau, called for help Arlington H. Mallery, an authority on ancient maps, who had previously worked with him. After a long study, Mallery discovered the projection method used. To check out the accuracy of the map, he made a grid and transferred the Piri Reis map onto a globe: the map was totally accurate. He stated that the only way to draw map of such accuracy was the aerial surveying: but who, 6000 years ago, could have used airplanes to map the earth? And this was Antartica ice free. The Hydro graphic Office couldn’t believe what they saw: they were even able to correct some errors in the present days maps! The precision on determining the longitudinal coordinates, on the other hand, shows that to draw the map it was necessary to use the spheroid trigonometry, a process supposedly not know until the middle of 18th century. Hapgood has proved that the Piri Reis map is plotted out in plane geometry, containing latitudes and longitudes at right angles in a traditional “grid”; yet it is obviously copied from an earlier map that was projected using spherical trigonometry! Not only did the early map makers know that the Earth was round, but they had knowledge of its true circumference to within 50 miles!

Hapgood had sent his collection of ancient maps (we will see the Piri Reis map was not the only one…) to Richard Strachan, at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Hapgood wanted to know exactly the mathematical level needed in order to draw the original source maps. Strachan answered in 1965, saying that the level had to be very high. In fact Strachan said that in order to draw such maps, the authors had to know about the spheroid trigonometry, the curvature of the earth, methods of projection, knowledge that is of a very high level. The way the Piri Reis map shows the Queen Maud land, its coastlines, its rivers, mountain ranges, plateaus, deserts, bays, has been confirmed by a British Swedish expedition to Antarctica (as said by Olhmeyer in his letter to Hapgood); the researchers, using sonar and seismic soundings, indicated that those bays and rivers etc, were underneath the ice-cap, which was about one mile thick. It showed Antarctica ice free.

Human cultural development started, acc. to Michael Hoffman in the Nile Delta some 700.000 years ago (Egypt before the Pharaohs, Dorset Press, USA). According to Manetho, the Egyptians started to count their history some 24.925 years ago.(Manetho,) Therefore, if you deduct 24.925 from 700.000 it gives you 675.075 years for the development of the Egyptian culture, I.e. more than half a million years ago. Ample time,
to learn and implement ship building, mapping etc. Based on the above and by transliterating Proto-Egyptian scripts, it makes sense, how Australia was mapped long before the so-called “Discovery” by James Cook and explains to the open minded scholar, how ancient Egyptian Glyphs ended up at Kariong, NSW, Australia; because you cannot map an ice free Antarctica without discovering sooner or later Australia.

Anonymous

Could the write of this article please respond with the links to the studies he references that show Antarctica could have been ice free more recently then is traditionally believed? Thanks

John Carbines

Perhaps you might refer to the Wiki site on the Kariong area in NSW (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kariong,_New_South_Wales) where it has been noted that the fairly soft stone where the “Gosford Glyphs” have been inscribed also has genuine aboriginal carvings that are severely eroded after only 250 years. The suggestion is that local politics may have entered this particular arena.

baris

im turk and i know somethink about this map
orginaly this map had 16 parts we just find it one of 16 and this is not actualy map but photograph taking from space
second think piri reis explain how he drow that map in hes book kitab-i bahriye
he sad he drow this map from ancien maps such as alexandre the great9but this alexander not the mekadonian one)that is arabs call zul qarnaina and hes name is in the quran as well acording to quran zulqarnein ruled world from east to west from north to south he had great tecknology and he had 2 horn cap in hes had
and piri reis sad he had maps from king salomon time as well most of the people knows king salomon had most tecknology and power given by god and he can use animals and demons for him acording to holy books
wwe turks belive long time ago we had kagan(emperor,ruler)call oghuz kagan u can find hes name in westchina uyghur turkish lands acording to monuments oghuz kagan had 2 horns and he send down to earth by god he ruled the world with justice he wroted knowledge and stories about hes time when the ice age finished turks started to move to west some of them gone to scandinavia call themself vikings innordick mitology they had gods and saviors one of their story son of odin call thor had two horn and he rule the world with justice if u go to west china ull find turkish monuments and pyramids some of them greater than giza pyramid
some turkish clans move to egypt and they started egyptian culture and they made pyramids and there was a books with them they hide it adn kepp it safely for thousund years when the europeans conquered egypt they destroy alexandria library and took many misteak book and maps with them kolombo was a masonick member and they give him that one of this book and in this book there was a map showing america spain gave him ships and people and with this map he went america when he gone to america he didnt know that he found america he was thinking he came to china and india he does have no clue about maps or navy or geograpick knowledges and he never wrote maps in hes life that show he is not knowledgeble person to find america
but when u look at piri reis map u find thereis he wrote somethink on the map about colombo but resurchers in turkey find out this leters not come from the piri reis at all but someone deleted orginal writing in this map and put it this leter on it on this writings says i piri reis made this map from the maps come from the colombo
but when u read piri reis book kitabi bahriye hes explain how he wrote this map he says he find some secret maps come from zulqarnain and salomon time and he sad he wroted this map from this knowledge and colombo find this secret maps from the library of alexandria who steal it and took it into europe s
sowhat was writen in piri reis map now writed by piri reis but deleaated by someone lse and wroted name of colombo
and we find out piri reis says that is the only one of 16 part so where is other 15 parts someone steal it and we thinking there must be hiding secrets in other 15 parts

huw

the piri reis maps are a gift the `elites` don’t want to give…..its so sad whats happening…..from Syria islamists…irak and even the Smithsonian sinking/overthrowing ancient antiques in the sea…..so sad and nobody notices…… :o(

John Sinclair

More and more people are noticing. You can’t keep using the same script for hundreds of years without it becoming apparent at some point. ;o)

NaTosha Evans

That’s right. God said during the end days, He would reveal the hidden things…thus is just the beginning!

normusa

What makes sense to me is what drives some “scholars” out of their minds. The ice in Antarctica accumulated during the Ice Age (only one) which was caused by the flood of Noah about 2350 BC. All the oceans of the world were very warm top to bottom due to all the geologic activity during the flood. The coasts of both the northern and southern hemispheres were basically ice free due to warm ocean waters. This is why they find wooly mammoths and other animals in Siberia and Alaska coastal areas. The interior continental areas such as Canada, Northern Europe and Antarctica would have built up heavy snow for probably 500 years of constant blizzard. The ancients were quite good and apparently smarter than we are today. They explored and mapped most of the world. There is evidence of mining operations in the NE United States and up into Canada that might be traced back to these people. “Scholars” can’t have any of this history fit the Bible or all the millions of years needed to have godless evolution evaporate. I find you can do good science and believe the historical record of the Bible. All the puzzle pieces fit much better. The flood of Noah was a much bigger catastrophe than many imagine. If you smoothed the earth out like a big marble, the water would be almost 2 miles deep—there is a lot of water here.

TeraFlop

Aren’t all coastlines of Antarctica its northern coastline? Which of the 360 degrees of northern coastline is the one being referred to here?

Busdriver Bill

Yeah, folks do forget that upon this ball of ours, there’s only one direction from the poles.
Like the old riddle ; “A man walks south ten miles from camp. walks five miles east, kills a bear, and walks ten miles north back to camp. What color was the bear?”

KingKeeper

Tadaaaaaaammmm!!! There is no Antarctica. Just an error, Don’t scratch your heads thinking of why there was no ice down there.
Or at least that’s my explanation.

CharlieSeattle

Interesting!

jon

Yeah it could of been our first civilazation ever 100 million years ago and when it froze over we had to kill the dinosaurs and take there land.

Tory1

Well, this seems to contradict the global warming theory.

weedy454

global warming scam you mean

MartinMN

bingo

Deplorable Me

Could the Templars have uncovered a map from Solomon which was used in this map’s creation? (Solomon was known to fly around on his “magic carpet.”)

Goofus Doofus

Someone’s knows somethings we don’t know. I believe there are many things we do not know about for various reasons. Not sure I want to know all things, could cause an earthquake in my mind.

Busdriver Bill

And how do we know that mankind didn’t exist millions of years ago? Because, the Royal Academy says so, that’s why.