Subdued inflation would mean the Bank of Japan’s massive monetary stimulus is unlikely to be unwound in a hurry, although some investors expect the BOJ to raise rates this year as other central banks head towards an exit from unconventional policies.

The rise in the nationwide core consumer price index, which includes oil products but excludes volatile fresh food prices, rose 0.9 percent in December year-on-year, data from the Internal Affairs ministry showed on Friday.

That matched a median market forecast and the rate in November.

When the effect of fresh food and energy are stripped away, prices rose 0.3 percent in December from a year earlier, the data showed.

The core consumer prices in Tokyo, available a month before the nationwide data, rose 0.7 percent in January, slowing a touch from a 0.8 percent gain in the previous month.

The relatively lower inflation rate has been the biggest discouraging factor in an otherwise robust economy, which is in its best shape in years as an exports boom has lifted business confidence and profits.

The BOJ kept monetary settings unchanged on Tuesday and its governor Haruhiko Kuroda reiterated that he saw no immediate need to raise its yield targets given inflation remained distant from its target.

Economists expect the core consumer inflation will remain around the same level in the coming few months. Oil prices and annual wage negotiations this spring hold the key for price trends, they say.

Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has been pushing companies to raise wages by 3 percent or more to spur consumer spending, piling pressure on firms to spend their huge cash pile to broaden the benefits of the strengthening economy. (Reporting by Leika Kihara; Editing by Shri Navaratnam)