E. F. F. Chladni’s experiments and observations with sound and vibrations profoundly inspired the improvement of the sphere of Acoustics. The well-known Chladni diagrams in addition to different observations are contained in Die Akustik, released in German in 1802 and Traité d’Acoustique, a vastly accelerated model, released in French in 1809.

Additional resources for Manual of Internal Fixation in the Cranio-Facial Skeleton

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Although the venom is more toxic than that of the rattlesnake, morbidity is usually not as severe because of the small amount of venom that can actually be injected by the crea­ ture. One of the specific enzymes in the venom causes destruction of skin, fat, and blood vessels. This process eventually leads to soft tissue necrosis at the site of the bite. The venom also has a profound effect on the immune response, triggering the release of various inflammatory cytokines, hista­ mines, and interleukins that can themselves cause further injuries and systemic responses.

5% silver nitrate combined with chlorhexidine gluconate, normal saline, or soap and water to cleanse the burn wound. To prevent wound infection and deeper wound conversion, topical antimicrobials are used until epithelization of the wound is complete. The topical antimicrobials are provided via gauze appli­ cations, ointments, creams, or solutions; dressings are changed at least twice a day. Commonly used topical antimicrobials are out­ lined in Table 5-4 and antimicrobial dressings in Table 5-5.