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Real Life Examples of OOPs Based Topics

Real life example of "Abstraction"

In General words, Abstraction is Just Hiding the
complex things behind a particular Procedure to make the procedure look simple.
Example: Monitor ON/OFF::--The user doesn't need to know
much about all the chips functioning that happens when Monitor is switched ON
or OFF..All he needs to know is On Function ON-Monitor is On and on function
OFF-Monitor is off...

Or Better Look for a
car--Everyone Knows that There's a special Gear machine Which changes the gear,
nobody bother to know what all functionality undergoes for a gear to change.. So,
That's abstraction(avoiding unwanted implementations to prevent Complexity).

So,If a developer provides a good
abstraction, users won't be tempted to peek at the object's internal
mechanisms.

Abstraction is achieved by making class abstract
having one or more methods abstract. Which is nothing but essential
characteristic which should be implemented by the class extending it.e.g.when
you inventing/designing a car you define a characteristics like car should have
4 doors, break, steering wheel etc… so anyone uses this design should include
this characteristics. Implementation is not the head each of abstraction. It
will just define characteristics which should be included.

Real life example of "Encapsulation"

Encapsulation is restricting a
user to follow a particular procedure to access control of a particular
process. It Just provides safety and ensures system robustness.

Example:We can consider The HR in a company as a
person that works on the principle of Encapsulation.i.e.we cannot talk to other departments directly we need
to communicate them through HR. This ensures security and better maintenance of
company's records.

Together we can take example of aUNDER CONSTRUCTION BUILDING..where we can say that things like 'no. of managers'
required,Types of Materials,No of workers etc as abstraction as they need to
there in every Building Construction.

But, at the same time, Inclusion
of every such field into a CONTRACTOR which acts as a mediator between the
workers and the Building-Investor can be looked upon as Encapsulation. As, It
hides all the above properties into one Entity.

Hence If you would have understood till now you can
say that abstraction is just a subset of ENCAPSULATION.i.e.Every entity that
performs abstraction is encapsulated internally but every thing that shows
encapsulation need not be abstraction always.

e.g..ToString()Method defined in almost every class is implementation
ofAbstractionbecause We don't the functionaltiy Within,all we care
is that it changes almost everything to string.And as it assembles a s a
unit,it is encapsulated too..But,The private members that we hide and access
throughPropertiesis an example of encapsulation only as it is done
basically keeping data security in mindd..!!

Hope This answers your
Question..!!

Real life example of "Polymorphism"

Polymorphism is one in many forms. That’s it.
We can see lots of examples in real time. If you think about a Dog, A Dog is an
Animal. A Dog can be a pet. So a Dog can be inmany forms. The Dog is Animal type and it can be
another type of Pet. Apart from types, behaviors can also take part
of Polymorphism. For Example, Animals can swim. A Dog can swim, A Monkey also
can swim. Dog and Monkey has their own way of swimming. Here, the swimming
behavior is in many forms. A monkey can walk with two legs and also with four
legs. Here, walking behaviour is in many forms. These are the examples for
polymorphism in real world.

Let’s see how Polymorphism works in Java.
Polymorphism allows you define a Super type and have multiple subtype
implementations. There Are Two Types of Polymorphism in Java. One is compile
time Polymorphism and it is sometimes referred as static Polymorphism and the
other one is Runtime Polymorphism and it is sometimes referred as dynamic
Polymorphism

Real life example of "Class and Object"

Object Oriented programming is about creating programs using as
building blocks, "things" that exists in the real world, these real
world things are called objects, hence object oriented

For instance, if you're creating a Address Book program, you may
define the following objects:

person,
address, phone

Among many, many others. Those would be real life objects, and
you describe your program in terms of these abstractions.

With that in mind you can start describing some concepts.

Class is used to define the characteristics an objects will
have. A class is used only as a template, or a blueprint. For instance, for all
the persons in your address book, you may say they all will have:

Person:

- name

- last name

- phone number

- address

Etc.

An address may have:

Address:

- street

- number

- city

- zip code

- country

And so on. As you can notice, a class me be defined in terms of
other classes, for instance, in this context, a person has one address.

An Object is a particular
instance of a given class. When you add an entry to your address book, you
create an object and fill in the attributes.

onePerson
ofType Person is (

- name = "Oscar"

- last name = "Reyes"

- phone number = "56 58 11 11"

- address = anAddress ofType Address (

- street = "Tecolotes"

- number = 32

- city = "D.F."

- zip code = 23423

- country = "Mexico"

)

)

So, this object a class instance with data. Other entry in the
address book are other objects with different data.