Aortic Coarctation—Child

(Coarctation of the Aorta—Child)

Definition

The aorta is the main artery in the heart. It carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body. Aortic coarctation is the narrowing of the aorta. This slows or blocks blood flow. It is often associated with other heart and vascular conditions. Examples include abnormal heart valves or aneurysms, which can lead to further health problems.

These symptoms may be caused by other conditions. If your child has any of these, talk to the doctor.

Diagnosis

If your child’s condition is not detected at birth, the doctor will ask about his symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will also be done. Tests may include:

Blood tests

Chest x-ray
—a test that uses radiation to take a picture of structures inside the chest

MRI
of the heart—a test that uses magnetic waves to make pictures of structures inside the heart

CT scan
of the heart—a type of x-ray that uses a computer to make pictures of structures inside the heart

Echocardiogram
—a test that uses sound waves (ultrasound) to examine the size, shape, and motion of the heart

Cardiac catheterization
(rarely needed)—a tube-like instrument inserted into the heart through a vein or artery (usually in the arm or leg) to detect problems with the heart and its blood supply

Treatment

Talk with the doctor about the best treatment plan for your child. Treatment depends on your child's age and how severe the condition is.

Treatment for Newborns

Your newborn will need treatment right away. An IV medicine (given through a vein) called prostaglandin may be given. This drug helps keep blood flowing to all parts of the body. Other medicines may also be used to improve how the heart contracts. One of the most common surgeries involves removing the narrow section of the aorta and reconnecting the two "good" ends.

Treatment for Children

Your child may need to take water pills to reduce fluid retention. Depending on your child’s condition, the doctor may also recommend surgery. Some of the options include:

Resection of the narrowed area in the aorta (the same type of surgery used in infants)

Subclavian flap aortoplasty—involves using a patch or part of the artery to make the area larger

Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.