Treaty of Versailles

The Allies, and 32 other countries took part, but none of the defeated countries (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey or Bulgaria) were resented

The conference was held in the country must affected by the war, which influenced the peacemakers

The USSR was left out of the conference, as it had broken its alliance with the Allies, making its own peace

The treaty affecting Germany the most was worked out by the representatives of Britain and France, and USA

The Allies

Georges Clemenceau had seen Germany invade France twice, and wanted to cripple Germany, so hat it would never happen again

They needed reparations to pay for rebuilding war damage, and paying widows and injured soldiers pensions

David Llloyd George, won a sweeping election in 1918. Many successful candidates had promised to punish Germany. However, he felt that too severe terms could lead to another war. He wanted to increase the British Empire by taking some of Germany's overseas colonies

David Llloyd George, won a sweeping election in 1918. Many successful candidates had promised to punish Germany. However, he felt that too severe terms could lead to another war. He wanted to increase the British Empire by taking some of Germany's overseas colonies

Thomas Woodrow Wilson put forward 14 idealistic points in January 1918, USA had suffered less in the war, and needed less reparations

He wanted: self-determination, free trade, disarmament, League of Nations

Treaty of Versailles

Territory

Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France

50km ***** of the left bank of the Rhineland was to be demilitarised and occupied by Allied forces

The Saar was given to France, after 15 years a plebiscite would be hed

Poland became an independent country. Upper-Silesia and the Polish corridor were given to Poland

Danzig was made a free-city to give Poland access to the sea

Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania became independent territory

Belgium received Eupen and Malmedy

Colonies

Tanganyika became British mandate

Cameroons became French mandate

South-west Africa became South African mandate

German pacific islands became Japanese mandate

Armed forces

German army was cut down to 100 000 men, No conscription.

German navy reduced to max. 36 ships, of which 6 could be battleships

Germany was allowed no tanks, submarines, or aircrafts

Anschluss was banned

Article 231, Germany had to accept war guilt

Germany would have to pay reparation due to war guilt, decided in 1921 to be32 billion gold marks