Organizational Behavior Test 3

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What are the stages of the Tuckman's group development process?

Five stages:

1. forming

2. stroming

3. norming

4. performing

5. adjourning

What are the key issues in each stage of the Tuckman's group development process?

1. Forming- members are uncertain and anxious. As individuals they wonder how they fit in and as a group wonder their purpose for being there.

2. Storming- power struggles; individuals try to determine their role and the group struggles to figure out why they are fighting over who is in charge and their individual goals.

3. Norming- finding group cohesiveness; individuals try to determine what others expect of them and the group determines if they can agree on roles and work together.

4. Performing- worries about performance; individuals wonder if they can perform their best and the group wonders if they can perform the job properly.

5. Adjourning- finding out what is next and helping individuals transition out.

How are norms developed?

developed through a various combination of four ways:

1. explicit statements by supervisors or co-workers

2. critical events in group's history

3. primacy

4. carryover behaviors from past situations

What is the reason norms are enforced?

-help the group/organization survive

- clarify behavioral expectations

-help employees avoid embarrassing situations

- clarify group's central values and identity

What are the functional roles performed by group members? Describe them.

1. task roles: roles that enable the group to define, clarify, and pursue a common goal (task-oriented behavior)

2. maintenance roles: roles of one that shows support and is constructive of interpersonal relationships (relationship building behavior)

Describe the differing communication styles of men and women in workgroups. What can be done to ensure everyone's view is presented?

- Men tend to be more aggressive when communicating.

- Men tend to interrupt women more than other men.

- Men and Women tend to be aggressive with interruptions in a male dominant group.

- Men are more against women being in their groups and tend to be negative and hostile towards them whereas women are not as against having men in their groups and are more neutral towards them.

- affirmative steps need to be taken to ensure everyone gets to voice their thought and to ensure the work environment foes not become hostile and possible into one of harassment.

Discuss the Asch effect. Include the 'managerial perspective' of Asch's experiment.

- an experiment in which individuals looked at 12 sets of cards and were asked to identify which line matched the standard line. Asch had selected certain individuals to purposefully select the wrong line to see how many individuals would follow the majority opinion, even if it was incorrect, or select their own choice.

- the experiment has shown both high and low degrees of blind conformity across countries.