PURPOSE: Using a rat model of allograft lung transplantation, we investigated the effectiveness of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as prophylactic and therapeutic agents against the acute rejection of lung grafts. METHODS: Lung grafts were harvested from donor rats and transplanted orthotopically into major histocompatibility complex-mismatched rats. MSCs were administered to the recipients once (on day 0) or twice (on days 0 and 3) after transplantation. The grade of acute rejection was evaluated both macroscopically and microscopically 6 days after transplantation...

The placenta has emerged as an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) because of the absence of ethical issues, non-invasive access, and abundant yield. However, inflammatory cell invasion into grafts negatively impacts the survival and efficacy of transplanted cells. Previous studies have shown that synthetic C16 peptide can competitively block the transmigration of leukocytes into the central nerve system, while angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) can inhibit inflammation-induced blood vessel leakage and inflammatory cell infiltration in rats with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE)...

Patient-derived xenotransplantation models of human myeloid diseases including acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative neoplasms are essential for studying the disease's biology in pre-clinical studies. However, few studies have used these models for comparison purposes. Previous work has shown that acute myeloid leukemia blasts respond to human hematopoietic cytokines whereas myelodysplastic syndrome cells do not. We compared the engraftment of acute myeloid leukemia cells and myelodyplastic syndrome cells in NSG mice to NSG-S mice, which have transgene expression of human cytokines...

The aim of the present study was topreliminarily visualize the distribution of humanumbilical cord‑derivedmesenchymal stem cells (hUC‑MSCs) in treating acute lung injury (ALI) using a targeted fluorescent technique. Anovel fluorescent molecule probe was first synthesized via the specific binding of antigen and antibody in vitro to label the hUC‑MSCs. Two groups of mice, comprising a normal saline (NS)+MSC group and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)+MSC group, were subjected to optical imaging. At 4 h following ALI mouse model construction, the labeled hUC‑MSCs were transplanted into the mice in the NS+MSC group and LPS+MSC group by tail vein injection...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In BALB/c mice with transplantable breast tumors, we showed that CD200R1KO mice were cured of local and metastatic growth of EMT6 cells following surgical resection of localized tumor and immunization with irradiated cells along with CpG as adjuvant. On the other hand, wild-type (WT) animals treated in the same fashion develop pulmonary and liver metastases within 20 days of surgery. To develop an in vitro system which would mimic the in vivo model and allow exploration of factors controlling tumor invasion as a precursor to in vivo metastasis, we have developed and characterized a two-phase culture system...

The secretome-mediated responses over cellular physiology are well documented. Stem cells have been ruling the field of secretomics and its role in regenerative medicine since the past few years. However, the mechanistic aspects of secretome-mediated responses and the role of other cells in this area remain somewhat elusive. Here, we investigate the effects of secretome-enriched conditioned medium (CM) of neuronally differentiated PC12 cells on the neuronal differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs)...

The literature has supported the concept of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in bone regeneration as one of the most important applications in oro-maxillofacial reconstructions. However, the fate of the transplanted cells and their effects on the clinical outcome is still uncertain. Photobiomodulation (PBM) plays an important role in the acceleration of tissue regeneration and potential repair. The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the effectiveness of PBM with 808 nm diode laser therapy, using a flat-top hand-piece delivery system at a higher-fluence (64 J/cm2 ) irradiation (1 W, continuous-wave) on bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs)...

Irradiation-induced skin ulcers can be resultant from nuclear accident or reaction to radiation therapy of tumor and is intractable for healing. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have been considered to be the potential therapeutic tools for tissue regeneration. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. This study aims to investigate the effects of hUC-MSCs on irradiation-induced skin ulcers healing and the related mechanisms. The ulcers were induced by irradiating the skin of adult SD rats...

The use of neurons induced from stem cells has been introduced as an effective strategy for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration (PNR). The evolution and role of native denervated Schwann cells (SCs) were often ignored when exploring the mechanisms underlying neural transplantation therapy for PNR. The aim of this study was to understand if following injury, native denervated SCs could be reactivated by transplanting of neurons induced from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (NI-BMSCs) to promote PNR...

BACKGROUND: Although many reports show that various kinds of stem cells have the ability to recover function in premature ovarian aging, few studies have looked at stem cell treatment of natural ovarian aging (NOA). We designed this experimental study to investigate whether human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) retain the ability to restore ovarian function, and how hAMSCs work in this process. METHODS: To build the NOA mouse model, the mice were fed for 12-14 months normally with young fertile female mice as the normal control group (3-5 months old)...

Nowadays, orthotopic liver transplantation is considered the most efficient approach to the end stage of chronic hepatic cirrhosis. Because of the limitations of orthotopic liver transplantation, stem cells are an attractive therapeutic option. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) especially show promise as an alternative treatment for hepatic cirrhosis in animal models and during clinical trials. Nevertheless, the homing of transplanted MSCs to the liver occurs in limited numbers. Therefore, we review the strategies for enhancing the homing of MSCs, mainly via the delivery routes, optimizing cell culture conditions, stimulating the target sites, and genetic modification...

Recent studies have suggested that the regulation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) or transplanting of exogenous nerve cells are the newest and most promising methods for the treatment of dementia and other neurological diseases. The special location and limited number of endogenous NSCs, however, restrict their clinical application. The success in directional differentiation of exogenous stem cells from other tissue sources into neural cells has provided a novel source for NSCs. Study on the relative mechanisms is still at the preliminary stage...

Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited disorder hallmarked by progressive deterioration of specific neurons, followed by movement and cognitive anomalies. Cell therapy approaches in neurodegenerative conditions have concentrated on the replenishment of lost/dying neurons with functional ones. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been represented as a potential remedy for HD. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of umbilical cord matrix stem cells (UCMSCs) and their paracrine effect against oxidative stress with a specific focus on HD...

Late-term complications of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) are numerous and include incomplete engraftment. One possible mechanism of incomplete engraftment after HCT is cytokine-mediated suppression or dysfunction of the bone marrow microenvironment. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) elaborate cytokines that nurture or stimulate the marrow microenvironment by several mechanisms. We hypothesize that the administration of exogenous MSCs may modulate the bone marrow milieu and improve peripheral blood count recovery in the setting of incomplete engraftment...