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from the new york courier and enquirer the free church of scotland ' and american slavery the christians of america upen thc solici tation of ihe free church of scotland contrib uted more than 810,000 to their cause of this sum a fair proportion came from ihe south t it be observed the gift was solicited the southern presbyterians did not ohtrude their un asked aid they were visited by dr burns mr lewis and mr ferguson members of the deputation it \* unquestionably the right of scottish christians to think as they choose of slavery and slave-holders it is their right to refrain from asking the wages of iniquity and the price of blood but having sent eariie-t and importunate requests into the very heart of the slave-holding territory and having received a liberal contribution it is surely some thing out of analogy with the comity of nations llie fraternity of churches and thc modesty of beneficiaries to throw back such contribution in the face ofthe donors tbis is not merely ing the ill hor in tin mouth â€” it is driving liirn in me with ignominy happily the free i burch has not yet made this decision on llie 12th of march this subject was call i .] up in the presbytery of edinburg by an hire of the rev dr duncan who indulged iu great verities against the americans lie followed by mr gray on the same side among the pointed expressions of thc latter were such as these : " have we separated our selves from our moderate brethren to form an ' ince with men-stealers ' do we remove from us a brother that walke'h disorderly â€” a drunkard a fornicator an adulterer â€” to unite . irselves with fornicators â€” such cren as are i i nl v named among gentiles â€” even polluted in cests renouncers of marriage rights men-steal ers murderers sellers of their own offspring stained wiih the blood of innocents leprous with sin lb1 was followed by dr cunningham who in a discourse nf great length ability and cour age vindicated tie american churches from ii charges made whi le disavowed all sym pathy with the institutions of slavery mr i â– ' iuy rejoined and was succeeded by mr guth rie : whose speech as coming from one of the uost eloquent ministers ol scotland it seems iroper to give almost entire it was called out i.y a motion of tin celebrated dr candlish to leave the whole matter in the hands ofthe as sembly mr guthrie in seconding dr candlish's motion said he considered that the prevailing i-in of christian churches in times past had been the imposition ol too many tests and loo meat a proncness to excommunicate each oth er and now the church had a new test propos ed in his learned friend dr duncan the â– 1 professor would at one stroke cxeom municate all the christian churches ofthe slave states of north america : and as nero wish ed lhal rome had had but a single neck that lie mighl decapitate the city at a blow my learned and reverend friend by the success of tlii motion cuts offal a stroke live millions of i hristians mi tie oilier side of the atlantic â€” hear hear 1 am not prepared for such work if principle is one not maintained by the no ble me ii who fought the battle of the negro's freedom in our colonial possessions and struck from his limbs the fetters of he slave and i dr candlish has well shown though chris tianity and slavery have existed together in the world for nineteen centuries the discovery is new that the toleration of slavery forms a good ground of excommunication nothing short of clear scriptural authority would warrant this church to take the very grave and solemn step involved in the motion of the reverend doctor and i challenge dr duncan to lay his linger on anv passage of the word of god which com pels me â€” which would warrant me â€” to excom municate these christian churches because ihey do not make slave-holding a bar to ollice nnd ordinance hear let dr duncan car ry out bis principle and see where it will lead liirn i think slavery a sin a greal sin and a real shame tn these churches but are we to hold no communion with any church â€” are we neither to receive from nor give to any ( hurch friendly aid unless ihey are pure of all defect ilni in '" * " i detest slavery as much and as deeply as any man : but in judging of these vmerican churches dr duncan should remem ber thai their circumstances are not ours and that the eye is familiarized with it ceases to re gard wilh sufficient horror lt isamazinghow le the be.-t sort of people get their eye shut lo the evils ofa system provided it concerns i'i touches the interests of their pockets of llieir order or even ol their nose laughter a'iil of that we have a rich example in our e :' friend himself i am sure he will par don thc personal allusion who has been illu minating the house on the evils of slavery iin '"'' lhe influence ami stimulus of slave-made â– greal laughter and the case ofmy highly esteemed and respected friend just shows how a man's eyes get dimmed when the mat ter touches himself laughter indcpend en altogether ol my strong objection to the principle involved in the doctor's motion his proposal i impracticable the chemist can mparate the acid from the alkali in a compound hh but by what art can you separate the pej contributed by the slaveholder irom that contributed by the slave so as to keep the se cc11 and send back the lirst > then surely the j110110 has an odd appearance / couhl not lint n ni 7/j jil canny scot in it our excel n l'"Â°m excommunicates the americans calls ' tin to repentance but all the while he keeps j f the cash laughter i am sure dr can does not hate this american slavery han his brethren do ; we are as anxious '. j c,an bc see this foul blot wiped off the j aac ol american christianity but believing d that the practical effect of this motion i the carolina watchman bruner k james ) > " keep a ciierk ton all your editors $ proprietors v is safe ( new series rulers do this and liberty { _. â„¢,Â» rÂ«_r t ,-.--, gen"l.harrison f mmber 5 of volume ii salisbury^n c may 31 1845 would be to impair our influence with the amer ican churches for good i would beseech my ex cellent friend to withdraw his motion let us remonstrate with our american brethren ; and where the law for example forbids them to teach a slave to read the word of god we ought to call on them to trample such an impious or der in the dust running as we ourselves did all risk and hazard in obeying god rather than man dr duncan withdrew his motion ronge the reformer john ronge was born in 1813 at bischofs walde in prussian silesia being the son of an honest husbandman he spent his childhood in the fields keeping like david his father's sheep " during those long hours of solitude he tells us himself " iu this simpie pastoral life learning the cat ach ism and the bible-history beside my flocks my thoughts frequently dwelt on religious subjects on the life to come on my present destination ; and these reflections often left impressions on me of deep melancholy â€” after receiving the first elements of education at his village school and passing through the classes of lhe gymnasium at nessie young ronge repaired to lhe i diversity where he ap plied bimself to the study of theology in 1 lie entered the seminary and it was there as lie informs us that his eyes were open ed to perceive the moral and religious condition of thc clergy ile describes the time whicli he spent in that suffocating atmosphere as a kind of hell in which irom day to day he felt togeth er with his moral liberty his powers both ofthe understanding and the heart and even his phys ical strength decay the confidence which i had iu the spiritual guides of the people was uprooted from my soul says he from the time that i obtained a close view of their con duct i was filled with horror on observing how i hoy abused religion fiir the sake of ensla ving tbe people i myself then felt the chafing of a servitude i had never known and i soon perceived the moral sufferings of my companions iu misery â€” sufferings the more galling because they durst not own to themselves their cause : for the policy of the roman hierarchy knows how to out wine ils shackles round reflection it self and its art is to make them weigh chiefly on lhe inferior clergy the real arsenal of these fetters is the seminary it is there that they stamp on the young man the seal of bond age from the lirst days of my entrance into the seminary i could read in the countenances of my fellow-students according to the differ ences of their disposition consternation an guish or the resignation of despair the first evening live pupils who lay in the same room with me did not give utterance to a single word ; shut up in himself each sought repose in si lence forty young men in the flower of youth glided through the dim obscurity like mummies and although they spoke not we sought in lhe countenances of one another what was passing in the heart the most subjugated endeavor ed to rise to that kind of heroism which in one day sacrifices its youth and its liberty ; and un der this oppression the heart ofthe young man of twenty-tour so confiding and affectionate was smothered ronge terminates this gloomy description by a pathetic appeal to fathers and mothers be seeching them not to send their sons to these tombs of moral liberty he would himself have shaken off the yoke even before the end of the year whic"h he behoved to spend at the seminary if he had not been sustained by the hope that having once entered on the discharge of his tunctions he would enjoy sufficient liber ty in preaching or in thc religious instruction ot youth and in schools to open fir himsell a sphere ot action conformed to his convictions and his innate propensities to freedom hav ing become chaplain in the small city of grott kau he set courageously to work acquired the confidence of his parish and found his enjoy ment in the instruction ofa free and happy youth cut some lines sent to a journal in a moment of just indignation blighted as lar as his prospects in tin church were concerned the fruits of ten or fifteen years study the roman catholics have made a great clamor about the dismissal of ronge from his charge in order to enfeeble the terrible blow which lie latch gave to romanism in his letter to the bishop of treves the occasion ot his deprivation was this the diocesan chapter of breslan had elected to the bishoprick of that city an old man of eighty years respected and and beloved on account of his moderation and the mildness of his disposition but it was pre cisely on this ground that for tiro years they waited in vain for the act of his confirmation from rome what the whole diocese thought and spoke in whispers ronge had ilie boldness to speak aloud he asked the public in a let ter signed a chaplain what could be the rea sons ol the court of rome for depriving a dio cese ot its superior pastor for two entire years â€” why they inflicted on a venerable old man that disgrace â€” and whether they expected the re turn of lhe times in which it was necessary to send to rome a mule loaded with gold for the creation of a bishop inde irae ! ronge was deprived without hearing or trial notwithstand ing a protest signed by forty members of his parish at the head of which were the names of all the magistrates of the city ronge look farewell of his parish with sorrow and from that time only he enjoyed the privileges of a freeman naming an honest living as a preceptor in the familv of a magistrate after this letter to the bishop of treves ronge was degraded and ex communicated by a decision of the chapter cf breslau ! it is a cir cumstance most honorable to him exclusive of the ardently affectionate testimony which his whole parish render to his zeal and irreproach able conduct that his superiors have been una ble to allege any grounds for the extreme rigor of iheir proceedings against him except his two letters ; for nothing else have they been able to blame him i am wrong â€” the decree of de privation mentions another offence namely that ronge wore his coat too short and his beard too long â€” literal ! !) ronge has just published an energetic appeal to the inferior clergy he calls on his former colleagues to burst the ignoble the shameful bonds by which they were connected with rome 4ithey have taken from you says he liber ty of reason by enslaving your faith ; liberty of will by binding you to blind obedience ; and liberty of heart by prohibiting you from mar riage arise ! extinguish superstition break your chains contend for the welfare ot yourfel jow-citizens and the people will be delivered and yourselves set free after speaking thus ronge refutes the ob jections originating in fear " we shall lose place our substance â€” gain your living honest ly without hypocrisy ; become the instructors ot the people we shall have to separte from the pope what business have you with that foreigner that italian priest whose yoke lies heavy on our country ? become german priests true ministers of religion ' but the power of rome is on the advance she will not fall â€” empty show ! it is necessary that the nation should know if â€” these conversions about which so much racket is made are for the most part purchased by the jesuits ; they are paid for by the money which they themselves have extort ed trom the people by the sale of chaplets in dulgences and prayers the author concludes with a demand for a german catholic christian worship conformed to the gospel celebrated in the mother tongue of the people and freed from the inquisitorial yoke of auricular confession hume and his mother it seems that hume received a religious ed ucation from his mother and early in life was the subject of strong and hopeful religious im pressions ; but as he approached to manhood they were effaced and confirmed infidelity suc ceeded maternal partiality however alarmed ttt the first came to look with less and less pain upon this declaration and filial love and rever ence seem to have been absorbed in the pride of philosophical skepticism ; for hume now ap plied himself with unwearied and unhappily with successful efforts to sap the foundation of his mother's faith having succeeded in this dreadful work he went abroad into foreign countries ; and as he was returning an express met him in london with a letter from his moth er informing him that she was in a deep decline and could not long survive ; she said she found herself without any support in her distress ; that he had taken away that source of comfort upon which in all cases of affliction she used to rely and that now she found her mind sinking into despair ; she did not doubt that her son would aflbrd her some substitute for her reli gion ; and she conjured him to hasten home or at least to send her a letter containing such consolations as philosophy can afford toadying mortal hume was overwhelmed with anguish on receiving this letter and hastened to scot land travelling day and nighl ; but before he arrived his mother expired no permanent impressions seem however to have been made on his mind by this most tr inn event ; and whatever remorse he might have felt at the moment he soon relapsed into his wonted obduracy of heart â€” quarterly review 07j captain wilkes on arriving at one ofthe farthest and most undesirable of the fejee isl ands where pig's flesh is a luxury and human flesh a high holiday food had a visit from a host ofthe oil-bedaubed and clay-covered inhabitants whom he addressed through an interpreter and whose wants in the way of jackknives beads and lass bottles he supplied with a modes ty acquired of course among the cannibals one inhabitant gently pressed aside the interpreter and to the question of what he wanted replied that " his honor should give him a hatchet for his childers great was the astonishment of the captain to ascertain that beneath the bushy head and oiled skin before him beat the heart of an irishman who to the question of what he was doing there replied " raising pigs hens and children the pigs and hens did not mul tiply rapidly but patrick was the happy father of forty-eight children and was living in the hopes of two more that very year but alas the hopes of this priam of the feejees were blasted â€” not in the failure of his plans but in the termination ofhis life he died in a few months afterwards leaving a large circle of wives and children to deplore their irrepara ble loss i^rthe montreal courier states that on the 6th inst rev dr burns of the free church of scotland proceeded to the haymarket at about half past six o'clock to preach in the open air ; while doing so some irish roman catholic la borers committed an assault upon him and threw him down from the chair on which he was stand in<r some of the by-standers interfered to save him from their violence ; among others a young man named holebrook was violently beaten about the head by one ol the ruffians with a hammer some soldiers who were standing by drew their bayonets and the affair was assum ing a very serious appearance when the police came up and succeeded in arresting lour ofthe irishmen we are not aware that our canadian neigh bors have ever had an opportunity to read us a homily on the necessary lawlessness of repub lics from such a text as this incident furnishes we have mobs of many sorts and somewhat frequently in this country ; but we believe no preacher xzs ever molested in the exercise of his sacred calling t an hour's industry will do more to beget cheerfulness suppress evil humors and retrieve your affairs than a month's moaning from the rochester n y daily american drowning the following account of the resuscita tion of a lad who had been drowned co pied from a detroit paper is so extraor dinary in its circumstances and results that i think it will be subserving the cause of humanity to insert it in the american how long the " soul or animal life re ally exists in a body apparently dead by drowning we know not but it did ex ist in the case cited below for a time al together beyond the conceptions we have heretofore entertained on this subject is indisputable ; and certainly ought to sti mulate to an energy and perseverance in the use of means to restore life beyond any thing which has heretofore been prac ticed : resuscitation " on monday 4lh may james carney a boy aged 11 years while at play on board a boat fell into the river a strong ebb tide floated him under a skill's bottom where he remained for a short time but being by the rapidity of the current hur ried for nearly half a mile must have in evitably perished but for the fact that ro bert kiil_hou.se being in his boat saw his hat on the surface of the water and his arm appearing he laid hold of him and drew him inlo th boat to all appearance lifeless the period of time from his fall ing into the water to that of his arrival at the shop jf w marvel chemist was a full half hour at least ; but how long he might have been immerged could not be ascertained his whole aspect exhibited a state of complete dissolution his body still and inflexible ; his face swollen and his jaws completely locked he was im mediately stripped ; put to bed enveloped in warm blankets his head reclined on pillows bladders of hot water applied to his feet and friction with flannels by four persons fo the whole surface of his body while mr m rubbed the region of the heart throat see with vol-alkali and champhorated spirits ; and on gently pres sing it the air and froth issued from his mouth and nostrils these methods be ing persisted in tor about twenty minutes longer his body felt warm and appeared more flexible yet half an hour elapsed be fore any symptoms of vitality appeared which was evinced by a slight convulsive twitching of the muscles of the face and under lip accompanied with a fluttering oflhe heart and also with a gradual dis appearance of the lividness of the face his jaws being so far relaxed as to ad mit a spoon between his teeth mr m at tempted to get down some warm diluted white zinc but not succeeding he applied his mouth to that of the patient and at the same time closing his nostrils made repeated efforts to inflate his lungs and using gentle pressure on his chest he then fetched several convulsive sobs these exertions were continued one hour longer and when nearly two hours had elapsed some diluted white wine was given with advantage he began to revive he scream ed aloud and struggling hard threw his arms and legs in such manner that it was found difficult to keep him quiet the pulse at the wrist was scarcely percepti ble till about this period but it afterwards became stronger he passed a trouble some night but towards morning slept pretty well some medicine was prescrib ed and the next day he seemed quite re covered a case extremely interesting though not quite as remarkable as the one above occurred some years since in the person of a lad about eight years of age a rela tive ofthe writer he was at play with other children on the wharf at one of lhe small landings on the sea board and fell into the water full ten minutes elapsed before he was recovered from the water when taken out he wastoall appearance dead they commenced rubbing him and applying warm applications to his body and sent two miles for the nearest physi cian a full half hour elapsed before the physician arrived when he still appeared entirely lifeless the warm applications and rubbing was persevered in foran hour after he was taken out of the water be fore symptoms of vitality began to appear and about two hours before he was con sidered safe an interesting fact has been developed in thc ease of an adult a young man drowned in connecticut river and resusci tated while thc body was lilling and the vital functions yielding to the power ofthe water his sensations were describ ed as inexpressibly distressing but while in the water when tbe system was overcome and became passive they were placid and agreeable thought and consciousness had not entirely forsaken the mind after being taken out ofthe water â€” but an ut ter inability to move a muscle xvas real ised feeling resembling that of n im mense weight pressing downing the sys tem when in the progress of resuscita tion the vital energies began to be arous ed and ability to move began to exist the feelings of distress and agony were inde scribable and were evidenced by groans and great struggling and throwing about the limbs thjs case shows that consciousness though feeble may exist after respiration for some time ; and each case proves that life remains in the system in cases of ; drowning much longer than has been ge nerally supposed : and that suitable means for resuscitation should be persevered in ' even when symptoms of vitality do not appear for a long time discovery of ancient treasure the macon geo messenger says â€” we learn from a source which wc think enti tled to full credit that a large deposit of silver coin was discovered about two weeks since on the east bank of the allamaha river about live miles below the junction of the ocmulgee and oconee in tatnall county the place is call ed milligan's bluff near hall's ferry the circumstances as related are that a man by the name of john mazo discovered three dollars which had become exposed by the blowing up of a tree lie commenced examining the earth below and the coin continued to appear until ! he had exhumed the handsome amount of for ty-jive thousand spanish dollars they appear ed to have been deposited in canvass bags and at some remote period as the latest date on the coin was over 1g0 years since the place where they were found had the ap pearance of an ancient fortification such as are common in many parts of georgia several ol which may be seen in this vicinity when or by whom this deposit was made does not admit ofa reasonable conjecture it is undoubtedly from the date of tin coins more recent lhan the expeditions of de solo and others of which we have some authentic account the money we understand was found on the land of mrs gray a widow in needy circum stances and relative of the fortunate discoverer who shared it with her in reference to this discovery the georgia journal has lhe following : the macon messenger has an account ot the late discovery of a large amount of money in tatnall county being last week within four ' or five miles of the place where this treasure is said to be found wc made inquiries concerning the same that money was found at the place alluded to there appears to be no doubt at first it was represented that there were five or six bushels â€” now it is said to be only five or six hundred dollars from all the circumstances ! we are induced to believe the amount larper than the one last named the individual find ing thc money being quite an illiterate man various stories were told him and aniong them was one that the government was entitled to half the amount the consequence is he equivocates and his nearest neighbors do not know thc amount found a iriend in the neigh borhood informs us that he saw one of the pie ces found and ihat it was a spanish mill dollar dated 125 years back it is supposed that the money belonged to some indian traders who in the early settlement of georgia had a trading establishment at or near the place where this discovery was made an amusing incident in english history the annexed anecdote in relation to a visit made to bristol england in old times by the husband of a queen firms a striking contrast to the late visit of prince albert to the same place and in the same capacity the extract is from " cony Â«__: evans history of bristol and was orginally taken from an old bristol newspaper : prince george of denmark consort of queen anne in passing through this city appeared on the exchange attended only by one gentleman a military officer and remained there till the merchants had pretty generally withdrawn ; not one of them having sufficient resolution to ask such a guest to their houses but this was not the case with all who saw him ; for a person whose name was john duddlestone a bodice maker who lived in corn street probably the house now occupied by norton & son book sellers which is very ancient went up to him and asked him â€” 'â€¢ if he was not lhe husband of the queen ?" who informed him " he was john duddlestone told him lit had observed with a good deal of concern that none ot the mer chants had invited him home to dinner telling him he did not apprehend it was for want of love to the queen or to him : but because they did not consider themselves prepared to enter tain so great a man but he was ashamed to think of his dining at an inn and requested him to go and dine with him and to brinj the gentleman along with him informing him that he hal a piece of good beel and plum pudding and ah of his dame's own brewing the prince admired the loyalty of the man and though he had be.-poken a dinner ai the white lion went with him when tliey got to the boose duddlestone called his wife who was up stairs desiring herto put on a clean apron and come down tirth queen husband and anoth>*r gentleman were come iodine with them she accordingly came n 77r a iran blue apron and was immediati ly saluted by tbe i'rince in the course ofthe dinner tin i'rincc asked him if h ever went to london ? he said since the indies wore stays instead of in dices he sometimes went to buy whalebone : whereupon the prince desired him to take his wife with him when he wenl again at the same time giving him a card i facilitate his introduc tion to court in the coarse ot a little time he took his wife behind him to london and with the assistance of the card he found ea>y admit tance to the prince and by him they were in troduced to the queen who invited them to an approaching public dinner informing ihem tbey must have new clothes tor the occasion so thev each chose purple velvet such as the prince had then on and in that dress they were introduced bv the queen herself as the most loyal persons in bristol and the only ones in that city who had invited the prince her hus band to their house after the entertainment the queen desiring him to kneel down laid a sword on his head , and to use lady duddlestone own words said j to him ston up sir jan he was offered money or a place under government but he did : not choose to accept ol cither informing the queen that he had 50 out of use and he ap prehended that the numbe of people he saw about her must be expensive the queen however made lady duddlestone a present of a gold watch which my lady considered as no small ornament when she went to market sus pended over a blue apron sir john duddle stone with his lady lie buried in all saints church bristol on the right side ol lhe entrance from the door foreign news arrival of the britannia the britannia arrived at boston on mon day morning the dates are from liver pool to the 4th and london to the 3d â€” the news is not very important we have only room for the following statement of the markets : liverpool cottos market from the circular of messrs george holt fc co report for the in i k ending april 25 â€” american short-stapled col ton is d per lb higher this week and we close with a strong market this altered tone from the previous dullness has been brought a bout mainly by the remark of the prime minister about the " little cloud in the west so anxiously do the public wait up on the words dropping from high author ity and of such importance is the most re mote possibility considered of a misunder standing between this country and the u states already money to a considera ble amount is being transferred from the share to the cotton market tending in the same direction we learn that the ac counts from india are less bad than be fore and those from manchester arc bet ter altogether we have bad i great stir during the last few days on wednesday 20,000 bags were sold ; yesterday 15,000 and to-day again it is large making a to tal for the week of 72,450 bags every description is looking up but lhe advance on no kind is so marked as in the quali ties first named 39,000 american and 100 surat have been taken on specula tion and 000 american 100 pernams 13 surat 30 madras for export from the circular of tlio united brokers the commercial accounts by the over land mail were considered to be much more favorable than those previously re ceived and caused a revival in he man chester market on tuesday hist here the demand which had been good in the early part oflhe week became very ani mated on wednesday the trade buying freely ; then was also an extensive busi ness done by speculators who still con tinue their operations in prices an ad vance of i to t per lb bas been obtain ed on american whilst all other kinds re main without any material alteration â€” speculators have taken 50,000 american and 100 surat and exporters goo ameri can 300 pernambuco 130 sural and 30 madras tbe sales of the week amount to 72,450 bales from the circular of messrs george holt .!_. co report for the week ending may 2 â€” the prices of cotton have fluctuated a little during the week but we terminate with our scale of quotations as before â€” l_'p to wednesday morning we were quiet and rather lost ground but in the course ofthe day a sweeping demand showed it self 15,000 bags ehanged hands a large portion â€” perhaps one-half â€” be ing on spec ulation ; and we gained in prices what we had previously lost on monday and tues day since that day we have gone on with a moderate demand steadily sup porting our previous rates this morn ing we have later advices from thc uni ted states from which we learn that the receipts at tint ports as compared wilh the same time 1843 were only about 4000 bales less than were received iu tbat great crop year 28,500 american 500 pernam and 700 surat have been taken on specu lation and 01)0 american and 250 surat for export tbe total sales of the week amount to 51,220 bales from ilu circular ofthe united broken notwithstanding there was a fair de mand in the early part of the week most descriptions of american declined d per ib but on wednesday the inquiry was ve ry animated and considerable business done on speculation since tbat day the inquiry bas been moderate and th mar ket has closed at about tbe prices of fri day last 28,400 am 500 pernam md 700 surat bave been tak n on speculation and 650 am 250 pernam for export and 1,400 am 200 brazil and 80 egyptian have been forwarded into the country un sold during the month the total sales of the week amount to 51,220 bales ih pint of tin cotton market mai 3 â€” we bave bad a more quiet day than u>u al though saturday is almost a half holi day with mercantile lirm : ibe sales have been 3000 bags there i no change in prices but buyers have a larger choice of samples than before ttnlrr month clocks â€” a correspondent of the new ark n j daily advertiser bays â€¢â€¢ y<v.i will be glad to know that our friend mr cram ha recently added another ingenious contrivance to bis twelve-month clock it hows now oc day of thc month and also the vear and exhibits th sun and moon rising and setting every day in the ear with the most un deviating accuracy and regularity thc moon as he revolves in her orbit is made also to rc ubc upon her axis showing every dav with cfjnal accuracy her different phases the apparatus used for this purpose is ex ceedingly simple and is by no means liable to get out ol oider the united states squadron bound for mexico under the command of commo dore stockton passed on the 6th instant twentv-iive miles south of the tortugas by the brig orleans arrived at norfolk from new orleans

from the new york courier and enquirer the free church of scotland ' and american slavery the christians of america upen thc solici tation of ihe free church of scotland contrib uted more than 810,000 to their cause of this sum a fair proportion came from ihe south t it be observed the gift was solicited the southern presbyterians did not ohtrude their un asked aid they were visited by dr burns mr lewis and mr ferguson members of the deputation it \* unquestionably the right of scottish christians to think as they choose of slavery and slave-holders it is their right to refrain from asking the wages of iniquity and the price of blood but having sent eariie-t and importunate requests into the very heart of the slave-holding territory and having received a liberal contribution it is surely some thing out of analogy with the comity of nations llie fraternity of churches and thc modesty of beneficiaries to throw back such contribution in the face ofthe donors tbis is not merely ing the ill hor in tin mouth â€” it is driving liirn in me with ignominy happily the free i burch has not yet made this decision on llie 12th of march this subject was call i .] up in the presbytery of edinburg by an hire of the rev dr duncan who indulged iu great verities against the americans lie followed by mr gray on the same side among the pointed expressions of thc latter were such as these : " have we separated our selves from our moderate brethren to form an ' ince with men-stealers ' do we remove from us a brother that walke'h disorderly â€” a drunkard a fornicator an adulterer â€” to unite . irselves with fornicators â€” such cren as are i i nl v named among gentiles â€” even polluted in cests renouncers of marriage rights men-steal ers murderers sellers of their own offspring stained wiih the blood of innocents leprous with sin lb1 was followed by dr cunningham who in a discourse nf great length ability and cour age vindicated tie american churches from ii charges made whi le disavowed all sym pathy with the institutions of slavery mr i â– ' iuy rejoined and was succeeded by mr guth rie : whose speech as coming from one of the uost eloquent ministers ol scotland it seems iroper to give almost entire it was called out i.y a motion of tin celebrated dr candlish to leave the whole matter in the hands ofthe as sembly mr guthrie in seconding dr candlish's motion said he considered that the prevailing i-in of christian churches in times past had been the imposition ol too many tests and loo meat a proncness to excommunicate each oth er and now the church had a new test propos ed in his learned friend dr duncan the â– 1 professor would at one stroke cxeom municate all the christian churches ofthe slave states of north america : and as nero wish ed lhal rome had had but a single neck that lie mighl decapitate the city at a blow my learned and reverend friend by the success of tlii motion cuts offal a stroke live millions of i hristians mi tie oilier side of the atlantic â€” hear hear 1 am not prepared for such work if principle is one not maintained by the no ble me ii who fought the battle of the negro's freedom in our colonial possessions and struck from his limbs the fetters of he slave and i dr candlish has well shown though chris tianity and slavery have existed together in the world for nineteen centuries the discovery is new that the toleration of slavery forms a good ground of excommunication nothing short of clear scriptural authority would warrant this church to take the very grave and solemn step involved in the motion of the reverend doctor and i challenge dr duncan to lay his linger on anv passage of the word of god which com pels me â€” which would warrant me â€” to excom municate these christian churches because ihey do not make slave-holding a bar to ollice nnd ordinance hear let dr duncan car ry out bis principle and see where it will lead liirn i think slavery a sin a greal sin and a real shame tn these churches but are we to hold no communion with any church â€” are we neither to receive from nor give to any ( hurch friendly aid unless ihey are pure of all defect ilni in '" * " i detest slavery as much and as deeply as any man : but in judging of these vmerican churches dr duncan should remem ber thai their circumstances are not ours and that the eye is familiarized with it ceases to re gard wilh sufficient horror lt isamazinghow le the be.-t sort of people get their eye shut lo the evils ofa system provided it concerns i'i touches the interests of their pockets of llieir order or even ol their nose laughter a'iil of that we have a rich example in our e :' friend himself i am sure he will par don thc personal allusion who has been illu minating the house on the evils of slavery iin '"'' lhe influence ami stimulus of slave-made â– greal laughter and the case ofmy highly esteemed and respected friend just shows how a man's eyes get dimmed when the mat ter touches himself laughter indcpend en altogether ol my strong objection to the principle involved in the doctor's motion his proposal i impracticable the chemist can mparate the acid from the alkali in a compound hh but by what art can you separate the pej contributed by the slaveholder irom that contributed by the slave so as to keep the se cc11 and send back the lirst > then surely the j110110 has an odd appearance / couhl not lint n ni 7/j jil canny scot in it our excel n l'"Â°m excommunicates the americans calls ' tin to repentance but all the while he keeps j f the cash laughter i am sure dr can does not hate this american slavery han his brethren do ; we are as anxious '. j c,an bc see this foul blot wiped off the j aac ol american christianity but believing d that the practical effect of this motion i the carolina watchman bruner k james ) > " keep a ciierk ton all your editors $ proprietors v is safe ( new series rulers do this and liberty { _. â„¢,Â» rÂ«_r t ,-.--, gen"l.harrison f mmber 5 of volume ii salisbury^n c may 31 1845 would be to impair our influence with the amer ican churches for good i would beseech my ex cellent friend to withdraw his motion let us remonstrate with our american brethren ; and where the law for example forbids them to teach a slave to read the word of god we ought to call on them to trample such an impious or der in the dust running as we ourselves did all risk and hazard in obeying god rather than man dr duncan withdrew his motion ronge the reformer john ronge was born in 1813 at bischofs walde in prussian silesia being the son of an honest husbandman he spent his childhood in the fields keeping like david his father's sheep " during those long hours of solitude he tells us himself " iu this simpie pastoral life learning the cat ach ism and the bible-history beside my flocks my thoughts frequently dwelt on religious subjects on the life to come on my present destination ; and these reflections often left impressions on me of deep melancholy â€” after receiving the first elements of education at his village school and passing through the classes of lhe gymnasium at nessie young ronge repaired to lhe i diversity where he ap plied bimself to the study of theology in 1 lie entered the seminary and it was there as lie informs us that his eyes were open ed to perceive the moral and religious condition of thc clergy ile describes the time whicli he spent in that suffocating atmosphere as a kind of hell in which irom day to day he felt togeth er with his moral liberty his powers both ofthe understanding and the heart and even his phys ical strength decay the confidence which i had iu the spiritual guides of the people was uprooted from my soul says he from the time that i obtained a close view of their con duct i was filled with horror on observing how i hoy abused religion fiir the sake of ensla ving tbe people i myself then felt the chafing of a servitude i had never known and i soon perceived the moral sufferings of my companions iu misery â€” sufferings the more galling because they durst not own to themselves their cause : for the policy of the roman hierarchy knows how to out wine ils shackles round reflection it self and its art is to make them weigh chiefly on lhe inferior clergy the real arsenal of these fetters is the seminary it is there that they stamp on the young man the seal of bond age from the lirst days of my entrance into the seminary i could read in the countenances of my fellow-students according to the differ ences of their disposition consternation an guish or the resignation of despair the first evening live pupils who lay in the same room with me did not give utterance to a single word ; shut up in himself each sought repose in si lence forty young men in the flower of youth glided through the dim obscurity like mummies and although they spoke not we sought in lhe countenances of one another what was passing in the heart the most subjugated endeavor ed to rise to that kind of heroism which in one day sacrifices its youth and its liberty ; and un der this oppression the heart ofthe young man of twenty-tour so confiding and affectionate was smothered ronge terminates this gloomy description by a pathetic appeal to fathers and mothers be seeching them not to send their sons to these tombs of moral liberty he would himself have shaken off the yoke even before the end of the year whic"h he behoved to spend at the seminary if he had not been sustained by the hope that having once entered on the discharge of his tunctions he would enjoy sufficient liber ty in preaching or in thc religious instruction ot youth and in schools to open fir himsell a sphere ot action conformed to his convictions and his innate propensities to freedom hav ing become chaplain in the small city of grott kau he set courageously to work acquired the confidence of his parish and found his enjoy ment in the instruction ofa free and happy youth cut some lines sent to a journal in a moment of just indignation blighted as lar as his prospects in tin church were concerned the fruits of ten or fifteen years study the roman catholics have made a great clamor about the dismissal of ronge from his charge in order to enfeeble the terrible blow which lie latch gave to romanism in his letter to the bishop of treves the occasion ot his deprivation was this the diocesan chapter of breslan had elected to the bishoprick of that city an old man of eighty years respected and and beloved on account of his moderation and the mildness of his disposition but it was pre cisely on this ground that for tiro years they waited in vain for the act of his confirmation from rome what the whole diocese thought and spoke in whispers ronge had ilie boldness to speak aloud he asked the public in a let ter signed a chaplain what could be the rea sons ol the court of rome for depriving a dio cese ot its superior pastor for two entire years â€” why they inflicted on a venerable old man that disgrace â€” and whether they expected the re turn of lhe times in which it was necessary to send to rome a mule loaded with gold for the creation of a bishop inde irae ! ronge was deprived without hearing or trial notwithstand ing a protest signed by forty members of his parish at the head of which were the names of all the magistrates of the city ronge look farewell of his parish with sorrow and from that time only he enjoyed the privileges of a freeman naming an honest living as a preceptor in the familv of a magistrate after this letter to the bishop of treves ronge was degraded and ex communicated by a decision of the chapter cf breslau ! it is a cir cumstance most honorable to him exclusive of the ardently affectionate testimony which his whole parish render to his zeal and irreproach able conduct that his superiors have been una ble to allege any grounds for the extreme rigor of iheir proceedings against him except his two letters ; for nothing else have they been able to blame him i am wrong â€” the decree of de privation mentions another offence namely that ronge wore his coat too short and his beard too long â€” literal ! !) ronge has just published an energetic appeal to the inferior clergy he calls on his former colleagues to burst the ignoble the shameful bonds by which they were connected with rome 4ithey have taken from you says he liber ty of reason by enslaving your faith ; liberty of will by binding you to blind obedience ; and liberty of heart by prohibiting you from mar riage arise ! extinguish superstition break your chains contend for the welfare ot yourfel jow-citizens and the people will be delivered and yourselves set free after speaking thus ronge refutes the ob jections originating in fear " we shall lose place our substance â€” gain your living honest ly without hypocrisy ; become the instructors ot the people we shall have to separte from the pope what business have you with that foreigner that italian priest whose yoke lies heavy on our country ? become german priests true ministers of religion ' but the power of rome is on the advance she will not fall â€” empty show ! it is necessary that the nation should know if â€” these conversions about which so much racket is made are for the most part purchased by the jesuits ; they are paid for by the money which they themselves have extort ed trom the people by the sale of chaplets in dulgences and prayers the author concludes with a demand for a german catholic christian worship conformed to the gospel celebrated in the mother tongue of the people and freed from the inquisitorial yoke of auricular confession hume and his mother it seems that hume received a religious ed ucation from his mother and early in life was the subject of strong and hopeful religious im pressions ; but as he approached to manhood they were effaced and confirmed infidelity suc ceeded maternal partiality however alarmed ttt the first came to look with less and less pain upon this declaration and filial love and rever ence seem to have been absorbed in the pride of philosophical skepticism ; for hume now ap plied himself with unwearied and unhappily with successful efforts to sap the foundation of his mother's faith having succeeded in this dreadful work he went abroad into foreign countries ; and as he was returning an express met him in london with a letter from his moth er informing him that she was in a deep decline and could not long survive ; she said she found herself without any support in her distress ; that he had taken away that source of comfort upon which in all cases of affliction she used to rely and that now she found her mind sinking into despair ; she did not doubt that her son would aflbrd her some substitute for her reli gion ; and she conjured him to hasten home or at least to send her a letter containing such consolations as philosophy can afford toadying mortal hume was overwhelmed with anguish on receiving this letter and hastened to scot land travelling day and nighl ; but before he arrived his mother expired no permanent impressions seem however to have been made on his mind by this most tr inn event ; and whatever remorse he might have felt at the moment he soon relapsed into his wonted obduracy of heart â€” quarterly review 07j captain wilkes on arriving at one ofthe farthest and most undesirable of the fejee isl ands where pig's flesh is a luxury and human flesh a high holiday food had a visit from a host ofthe oil-bedaubed and clay-covered inhabitants whom he addressed through an interpreter and whose wants in the way of jackknives beads and lass bottles he supplied with a modes ty acquired of course among the cannibals one inhabitant gently pressed aside the interpreter and to the question of what he wanted replied that " his honor should give him a hatchet for his childers great was the astonishment of the captain to ascertain that beneath the bushy head and oiled skin before him beat the heart of an irishman who to the question of what he was doing there replied " raising pigs hens and children the pigs and hens did not mul tiply rapidly but patrick was the happy father of forty-eight children and was living in the hopes of two more that very year but alas the hopes of this priam of the feejees were blasted â€” not in the failure of his plans but in the termination ofhis life he died in a few months afterwards leaving a large circle of wives and children to deplore their irrepara ble loss i^rthe montreal courier states that on the 6th inst rev dr burns of the free church of scotland proceeded to the haymarket at about half past six o'clock to preach in the open air ; while doing so some irish roman catholic la borers committed an assault upon him and threw him down from the chair on which he was stand in*r gentleman were come iodine with them she accordingly came n 77r a iran blue apron and was immediati ly saluted by tbe i'rince in the course ofthe dinner tin i'rincc asked him if h ever went to london ? he said since the indies wore stays instead of in dices he sometimes went to buy whalebone : whereupon the prince desired him to take his wife with him when he wenl again at the same time giving him a card i facilitate his introduc tion to court in the coarse ot a little time he took his wife behind him to london and with the assistance of the card he found ea>y admit tance to the prince and by him they were in troduced to the queen who invited them to an approaching public dinner informing ihem tbey must have new clothes tor the occasion so thev each chose purple velvet such as the prince had then on and in that dress they were introduced bv the queen herself as the most loyal persons in bristol and the only ones in that city who had invited the prince her hus band to their house after the entertainment the queen desiring him to kneel down laid a sword on his head , and to use lady duddlestone own words said j to him ston up sir jan he was offered money or a place under government but he did : not choose to accept ol cither informing the queen that he had 50 out of use and he ap prehended that the numbe of people he saw about her must be expensive the queen however made lady duddlestone a present of a gold watch which my lady considered as no small ornament when she went to market sus pended over a blue apron sir john duddle stone with his lady lie buried in all saints church bristol on the right side ol lhe entrance from the door foreign news arrival of the britannia the britannia arrived at boston on mon day morning the dates are from liver pool to the 4th and london to the 3d â€” the news is not very important we have only room for the following statement of the markets : liverpool cottos market from the circular of messrs george holt fc co report for the in i k ending april 25 â€” american short-stapled col ton is d per lb higher this week and we close with a strong market this altered tone from the previous dullness has been brought a bout mainly by the remark of the prime minister about the " little cloud in the west so anxiously do the public wait up on the words dropping from high author ity and of such importance is the most re mote possibility considered of a misunder standing between this country and the u states already money to a considera ble amount is being transferred from the share to the cotton market tending in the same direction we learn that the ac counts from india are less bad than be fore and those from manchester arc bet ter altogether we have bad i great stir during the last few days on wednesday 20,000 bags were sold ; yesterday 15,000 and to-day again it is large making a to tal for the week of 72,450 bags every description is looking up but lhe advance on no kind is so marked as in the quali ties first named 39,000 american and 100 surat have been taken on specula tion and 000 american 100 pernams 13 surat 30 madras for export from the circular of tlio united brokers the commercial accounts by the over land mail were considered to be much more favorable than those previously re ceived and caused a revival in he man chester market on tuesday hist here the demand which had been good in the early part oflhe week became very ani mated on wednesday the trade buying freely ; then was also an extensive busi ness done by speculators who still con tinue their operations in prices an ad vance of i to t per lb bas been obtain ed on american whilst all other kinds re main without any material alteration â€” speculators have taken 50,000 american and 100 surat and exporters goo ameri can 300 pernambuco 130 sural and 30 madras tbe sales of the week amount to 72,450 bales from the circular of messrs george holt .!_. co report for the week ending may 2 â€” the prices of cotton have fluctuated a little during the week but we terminate with our scale of quotations as before â€” l_'p to wednesday morning we were quiet and rather lost ground but in the course ofthe day a sweeping demand showed it self 15,000 bags ehanged hands a large portion â€” perhaps one-half â€” be ing on spec ulation ; and we gained in prices what we had previously lost on monday and tues day since that day we have gone on with a moderate demand steadily sup porting our previous rates this morn ing we have later advices from thc uni ted states from which we learn that the receipts at tint ports as compared wilh the same time 1843 were only about 4000 bales less than were received iu tbat great crop year 28,500 american 500 pernam and 700 surat have been taken on specu lation and 01)0 american and 250 surat for export tbe total sales of the week amount to 51,220 bales from ilu circular ofthe united broken notwithstanding there was a fair de mand in the early part of the week most descriptions of american declined d per ib but on wednesday the inquiry was ve ry animated and considerable business done on speculation since tbat day the inquiry bas been moderate and th mar ket has closed at about tbe prices of fri day last 28,400 am 500 pernam md 700 surat bave been tak n on speculation and 650 am 250 pernam for export and 1,400 am 200 brazil and 80 egyptian have been forwarded into the country un sold during the month the total sales of the week amount to 51,220 bales ih pint of tin cotton market mai 3 â€” we bave bad a more quiet day than u>u al though saturday is almost a half holi day with mercantile lirm : ibe sales have been 3000 bags there i no change in prices but buyers have a larger choice of samples than before ttnlrr month clocks â€” a correspondent of the new ark n j daily advertiser bays â€¢â€¢ y