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One of the most pronounced changes in the Arctic is the decline in minimum sea ice extent that has been continuing for a couple of decades. One potential reason for this decline is the changed polarity of the transpolar drift (TD) pattern, also often called Arctic Dipole. This pattern is at least...

One of the most pronounced changes in the Arctic is the decline in minimum sea ice extent that has been continuing for a couple of decades. One potential reason for this decline is the changed polarity of the transpolar drift (TD) pattern, also often called Arctic Dipole. This pattern is at least...

I will begin with an overview of the physics, modeling and measurement of static sea-level changes and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) following variations in the distribution of grounded ice, including some applications of sea-level theory to paleo and modern climate problems. I will then...

It is widely acknowledged that many components of the Earth's climate system exhibit nonlinear behavior when forced, with examples ranging from ice sheets to ocean circulations to savanna. These changes, as profound as they are, are not expected to greatly impact global climate, as...

The Quaternary Period has been characterized by a cyclical series of glaciations, which are attributed to the change in the insolation (incoming solar radiation) from changes in the Earth’s orbit around the Sun. The spectral power in the climate record is very different from that of the orbital...

Since the seminal publication of the “hockey stick” study in 1998 [1,2], proxy-based estimates (“reconstrutions”) of Earth’s temperature field over the past millennium have become a key part of the climate science edifice. The “hockey stick” curve showed...

Since the seminal publication of the “hockey stick” study in 1998 [1,2], proxy-based estimates (“reconstrutions”) of Earth’s temperature field over the past millennium have become a key part of the climate science edifice. The “hockey stick” curve showed relatively stable temperatures for most of...

A simple dynamical model is used to demonstrate the possibility of stable and periodic variability in oceanic convection on a millennial timescale. Sea ice could act as a heat valve over the region of deep water formation in the North Atlantic, particularly during the last glacial period when sea...

This is lecture 20 in the series "Introduction to the Mathematics of Climate" offered at the University of Minnesota in 2014 with the support of MCRN and The Institute for Mathematics and its Applications.

This is lecture 18 in the series "Introduction to the Mathematics of Climate" offered at the University of Minnesota in 2014 with the support of MCRN and The Institute for Mathematics and its Applications.