Earlier, stock markets in Asia fell after a survey showed manufacturing slowing in China, the world’s second-largest economy. That came a day after the U.S. government lowered its estimate of third-quarter economic growth.

In Europe, Germany failed to raise as much money as planned in an auction of 10-year bonds. Investors placed bids for only 60 percent of the 6 billion euros ($8.1 billion) up for sale. Part of the problem was the low interest rate, 1.98 percent, the lowest yield for 10-year bonds in the country’s history.

The U.S. government’s revision to third quarter economic growth helped knock stocks lower on Tuesday. Higher borrowing costs for Spain’s government also renewed worries about Europe’s debt crisis.