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1 DSHA Theology Department The Church: Its Message and Mission Unit 1: Meaning and Origin of Church 1. The word church comes from the Greek and Latin for convocation or assembly but can also refer to a liturgical assembly, a local parish community, or the gathering of the faithful worldwide. 2. The Acts of the Apostles and the Pauline letters give us insight into the way the early Church understood itself 3. The models of the Church illustrate its many dimensions and functions. 4. Jesus instituted the Church to continue his mission. 5. The Holy Spirit revealed the Church at Pentecost and inspired the Apostles mission. 1. What does the word church actually mean? 2. How did the first members and leaders of the Church understand it? 3. Why can the Church seem different depending o the situation in which we encounter it? 4. What happened at Pentecost? What is the Holy Spirit s role in the Church today? 5. How were the Apostles brave enough to spread the Gospel after Jesus death, Resurrection and Ascension? Holy Spirit Pentecost Mission of the Apostles Persecution and Martyrdom People of God Body of Christ Temple of the Holy Spirit *Models of the Church Unit 2: Marks of the Church 1. The Church is one: united in charity, in the profession of faith, in the common celebration of worship and Sacraments, and in the Apostolic Succession. 2. The Church holy because, although Church members sin, the Church as the Body of Christ is sinless. 3. The Church is catholic because it exists for all people and is the means of salvation for all people.

2 4. The Church is apostolic because Christ calls all Church members to share the Gospel of salvation. 5. The Church is local, national and global. 6. The Church seeks unity through ecumenical dialogue. 1. What creates unity in the Church? 2. How does the Church relate with other Christian denominations? 3. How is the Church the means of salvation for all people? 4. How does our own mission fit in with the mission of the Apostles? 5. How can we look to Mary and the Saints for guidance? 4 Marks of the Church One, Holy, Catholic, Apostolic Unity and Ecumenism Grace Communion of Saints Mary & the Saints Universality and Diversity Apostolic Tradition Successors to Peter and the Apostles Apostolate and the Laity Universality and Diversity Unit 3: Mission of the Church 1. The mission of the Church is to share the Good News of Jesus Christ, preserve it, and be a means of salvation. 2. The hierarchy s unique role in the Church is to teach, govern and sanctify the Church. 3. Vowed religious further the church s mission through their vows of chastity, poverty and obedience. 4. The laity s unique role in the Church is to proclaim Christ by word and example in the ordinary circumstances of the world. 5. The Magisterium interprets how the Scriptures an Tradition relate to the events and challenges of the world today. 6. The Magisterium communicates its teaching in a variety of ways and at different levels. 1. What is the mission of the Church? 2. How do the hierarchy, vowed religious and laity all contribute to the mission? 3. What are the benefits of organized religion? 4. How do we engage the world and the modern culture in a dialogue about sinfulness, morality, redemption?

3 Fullness of truth and salvation Evangelization and Modern Culture Church s Hierarchy Laity Consecrated Life Magisterium and Infallibility Unit 4: The Church in the Early Christian Centuries 1. For three centuries after Jesus death and Resurrection, Christians risked persecution and martyrdom for their faith, but the Church grew despite this risk. 2. The missions of Saints Peter and Paul and the development of the New Testament were essential in spreading the Word o God and preserving it for later generations. 3. Constantine significantly affected the development of the early Church by proclaiming religious toleration in the roan Empire and moving the seat of governance to Constantinople. 4. The work of the early Church Fathers and Ecumenical Councils enhanced the stability and unity of the Church by articulating and defending Church teaching about the Trinity, Mary, and the Church s authority. 1. How can the study of Church history deepen our faith and understanding of God? 2. How did persecution and martyrdom contribute to growth in the Church? 3. How did Constantine s support of Christianity contribute to the early spread of Christianity? 4. How did the work of the Church Fathers and Ecumenical Councils develop the Church s doctrine? Importance of & Introduction to Church History Holy Spirit and Pentecost Saints Peter and Paul Development of the New Testament Early Christian Worship Apologists Constantine and the Edict of Milan Fathers of the Church Doctrinal Development Collapse of the Roman Empire of the West

4 Unit 5: The Church in the Middle Ages 1. Following the fall of the Roman Empire in the West, the Church faced many threats and experienced significant developments, including the development monasticism. 2. The rise and spread of Islam in the seventh century altered the political and religious composition of all of Arabia and North Africa, the Iberian Peninsula, and parts of Asia Minor, with catastrophic consequences for the Church. 3. Charlemagne s rule as Holy Roman Emperor ushered in a period of conflict between secular and ecclesial interests. 4. Growing tension and differences between the Eastern and Western Churches led to a decisive schism between the two in The Crusades were launched to regain territories lost to the Turks, but they ended with a mix of gains and losses. 1. What were the motivations for the Crusades, and what were their outcomes? 2. How did Islam develop and what challenges did its spread bring for the Church? 3. In what ways were the Roman Empire and the Church weakened following Charlemagne s rule as Holy Roman Emperor? 4. What differences and tensions between the eastern and Western Churches led to their definitive schism? 5. What led to the Great Western Schism (Papal Schism,) and how did this Schism affect the Church? 6. How did the major developments and reforms in monastic life during the High Middle Ages shape the Church and Christendom? Western Monasticism Development of Islam Charlemagne Gregorian Reform Eastern Schism Crusades Papacy challenges Inquisitions Unit 6: An Age of Renewal and Growth (The Reformation Church) 1. The Protestant Reformation began when questionable Church practices in the 16 th century, especially the sale of indulgences, led Martin Luther and other critics to split from the Catholic Church and establish other Christian denominations. 2. The Council of Trent clarified and defined Church teaching on the creed, Scripture, original sin, justification, and the sacraments, especially the Eucharist.

5 3. The Catholic Reformation gave rise to the establishments of several new religious orders. 4. Catholic missionaries brought the native peoples of Latin America into the catholic faith through evangelization and Baptism. 5. The Spanish and the French set up Catholic missions in North America to convert and civilize the native peoples as well as to protect their own territorial interests. 1. How did the abuses relating to indulgences provoke protests by Martin Luther and other Catholic theologians of the era? 2. How did the Council of Trent clarify and reform Church doctrine? 3. How did the Church reforms of the 16 th century led to the founding of new religious orders? 4. Why were Catholic missionaries sent on exploratory expeditions? 5. What are the significant characteristics and outcomes of the Catholic missions to North America? The Reformation Martin Luther Council of Trent Catholic Reformation Church Expansion to the New World Unit 7: The Church in the Modern Era 1. New philosophies developed during the Age of Reason and greatly transformed the course of history. 2. Vatican Council I produced important statements about papal infallibility and the relationship between faith and reason. 3. As more European Catholics immigrated to the United States during the 1800s, the diverse and growing Catholic population established parishes for specific ethnicities and developed a well-respected system of Catholic education. 4. The Church s social doctrine began to develop in response to the challenges posed by growing industrialization and capitalism. 1. What were the fruits of the Age of Reason, and what were some of the costs to humanity and the Church? 2. How did Pope Pius IX reaffirm the place of the Church in the modern world? 3. How and why was the Catholic Church established in America? What were the effects of the diversity established through immigration? 4. What impact did the American saints and missionaries have on the Catholic Church in the US?

6 5. What challenges were posed by industrial development and capitalism in the 1800s, and how did the Church respond? Age of Reason and Revolution Vatican I American Missionaries and Saints Industrialization, Capitalism & Injustice Birth of the Social Doctrine Unit 8 : The Church in the Post-Modern Era 1. During the early 20 th century, the Church experienced many kinds of renewal and faced the challenges and consequences of two world wars. 2. Pope John XXIII called Vatican II to be both ecumenical and pastoral. 3. Vatican II launched the Church into a long period of change and renewal, led by Pope Paul VI. 4. Pope John Paul II and Pope Benedict XVI have made unique contributions to the Church throughout the world, especially in the US, where the Church faces and era of both hope and challenges. 1. What were the focuses of renewal and the effects of both world wars on the Church in the early 20 th century? 2. What effects did the papacy of Pope John XXIII and Vatican II have on the Church? 3. How did Pope Paul VI usher in the changes introduced by Vatican II? 4. What unique contributions have Pope John Paul II and Pope Benedict XVI made to the life of the Church worldwide and in the US? The Church and WWI The Church and WWII Pope John XXIII Vatican II Papacy of Pope Paul IV (and the aftermath of Vatican II) Life & Times of Pope John Paul II Church of the United States Challenges and Hope

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