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Jayadratha
was the son of Vridhakshtra, king of Sindhu (present day Pakistan) and
was the brother in law of the Kaurava prince, Duryodhana. He had married
Dushshala, the only daughter of Dhritarastra and Gandhari.

One day
when the Pandavas were in their vanavaas, the brothers went into the
forest to collect fruits,wood, roots etc. Seeing Draupadi alone and
enamored by her beauty, Jayadratha approached her and proposed to marry
her even after coming to know that she was the wife of the Pandavas.
When she refused to comply, he took the hasty decision of abducting her
and started moving towards Sindhu. The Pandavas in the meantime learnt
of this ghastly act and came in for Draupadi's rescue. Bhima thrashes
down Jayadratha but Draupadi prevents Bhima from killing him as she
doesn’t want Dushshala to become a widow. Instead she requests that his
head be shaved and he be set free so that he doesn’t dare ever commit an
act of transgression against another woman.

To
avenge his humiliation, Jayadratha conducts severe penance in order to
please Lord Shiva, who granted him a boon in the form of a garland which
will hold all the Pandavas at bay for one day. While this was not the
boon that Jayadratha wanted, he accepted it nevertheless. Not satisfied,
he went and prayed to his father Vridhakshtra who blesses him that
whoever causes the head of Jayadratha to fall on the ground will be
immediately killed by having his own head burst into a hundred pieces.With
these boons, Jayadratha was an able ally to the Kauravas when the
Kurukshetra war began. Using the powers of his first boon, he managed to
keep all the Pandavas at bay, except for Arjuna and his charioteer
Krishna who were battling Trigartas elsewhere on the battlefield. On
this day, Jayadratha waited for Arjuna’s son Abhimanyu to enter the
Chakravyuha and then blocked the exit knowing fully well that the young
warrior did not know how to exit the formation. He also prevented mighty
Bhima along with his other brothers from entering the Chakravyuha for
Abhimanyu's rescue. After being brutally and treacherously killed by the
Kauravas, Jayadratha then goes on to kick the dead body of Abhimanyu
and rejoices by dancing around it.When Arjuna returns to the camp
that evening and hears of his son’s death and the circumstances
surrounding it, he becomes unconcious. Even Krishna could not check his
tears, hearing about the death of his favourite Nephew. After gaining
conciousness Arjuna vows to kill Jayadratha the very next day before
sunset, failing which he would kill himself by entering into blazing
fire along with his Gandiva. Hearing of this vow of Arjuna, Dronacharya
arranges a complicated battle formation the next day to achieve two
objectives, one was to protect Jayadratha and two was to enable Arjuna’s
death which so far none of the Kaurava warriors had even gotten close
to achieving in normal battle.The next day, despite a full day of
fierce fighting when Arjuna is unable to get to Jaydratha, Krishna
realizes that he would need to resort to unconventional tactics to
achieve this objective. Using his divine powers, Krishna masks the sun
thus creating a solar eclipse in order to create the illusion of sunset.
The entire Kaurava army rejoiced at the fact that they had managed to
keep Jayadratha safe from Arjuna and also at the fact that Arjuna now
would be forced to kill himself to follow his vow.Elated,
Jayadratha also appears in front of Arjuna and laughs at his defeat and
starts dancing around joyously. At this moment, Krishna unmasks the sun
and sun appears in the sky. Krishna points Jayadratha to Arjuna and
reminds him of his vow. In order to prevent his head from falling to the
ground, Krishna asks Arjuna to shoot cascading arrows in a sustained
manner so that Jayadratha’s head is carried over from the battlefield in
Kurukshetra and travels all over to the Himalyas such that it falls on
the lap of his father Vridhakshtra who was meditating there.

Disturbed
by the head falling on his lap, Jayadratha’s father gets up, the head
drops to the ground and immediately Vridhakshtra’s head bursts into a
hundred pieces thus fulfilling the boon that he had given his son years
ago.

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