Chemicals

If you ever wonder what are chemicals and where you can find them,the answer is really simple – all around you consists of chemicals,from the cup of coffee on your table to the cigarettes you smoke.

Mainly, chemicals can be in three forms – solid, gas and liquid and may change between this phase of matter with changes in temperature or pressure.That is why everything you touch, see, breathe or take is made up of it.Actually, people are also made of chemicals because matter is nothing more than a chemical itself.

To understand better: water is, for example, pure chemical because it is homogeneous through all structure and made up of the same molecules that have the same combination and structure of atoms.But sometimes water also consists of some small dose of iron, sodium chloride, calcium or some other chemical substance that are called chemical compounds (it is a substance that is pure and made up of two special elements chemically combined). That is why the water is also a chemical compound – it is made of hydrogen and oxygen that are chemically combined.

Precisely, a pure chemical compound is a chemical substance that is composed of a combination of ions and molecules. So two or more elements that are combined into one substance through a chemical reaction presents a chemical compound.

On the other side, we have mixtures that are a combination of two or more substances where each of them retains its identity. Of course, in mixtures you can also find compounds and elements but what is the most important thing - mixtures can be divided into the component substances and the best example of mixtures are air or soil.

When we talk about chemicals and their names, the system is so well-set that the countries all over the world recognize each chemical by the same name and that is a very important part in the world of chemicals.

And what about the chemicals that are made by us, people? They are usually called synthetic but, if you didn’t know, there is no big difference between natural chemicals (found in nature and produce by animals and plants) and synthetic one. No matter if you took vitamin C directly from fruit or synthetically,made in a form of pill you buy in the pharmacy – it is the same thing. There are three types of manufactured chemicals:

• Fine chemicals – are produced at a high cost in small quantities

• Bulk chemicals – are produced in large quantities with low price

• Chemicals found in research – they are very expensive because these chemicals are not for sale

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