A merchandising division surrounds the concept of the target customer and translates customer preferences into a product line for the rest of the apparel firm. Merchandising is the planning, development and presentation of product line for identified target market with regard to prices, assortment, styling and timing.

Function of Merchandiser:

The merchandising process interacts with and may be limited by the business plan and the marketing plan. The primary components of merchandising activities included following—

1. Line planning is the formulation of the parameters that guide line development and presentation and influences sourcing and production process

2. Line development has subcategories of the concept, creative design, line adoption, and technical design. Line development included the actual merchandise that will fill out the line plane through some combination of product development and selecting goods at wholesale.

3.Line presentation with subcategories of internal, wholesale, and retail Line presentation involves process required to evaluate the line and make the line visible salable. .Line presentation results in evaluation and sale of the product offering.

Marketing Section:

A marketing division is responsible for “shaping and strengthening the image of a company and it products through promotion, optimizing sales opportunities and developing alternate strategies for corporate growth.

Right product or materials Right time Right quantities Right price Right quality Right delivery.

Sample Section:

Basic patterns or blocks are developed to reflect the firm sizing standard and fit. A basic block pattern is a set of pattern pieces for the simplest garments of the particular type that reflects a set of measurement in the sample size. The terms basic blocks sloper, and master pattern may be used interchangeably. Firms have basic blocks for each type of product in their product line — skirts, pants, shirts, jackets, etc

Style blocks are variations of the individual pieces of the basic block that have been modified to include styling case. Style blocks contain both comfort and styling case.

Draping involves developing a pattern by manipulating fabric directly on a body form. To reduce costs, some firms prefer to have their designers work with Muslin first before fashion fabric are draped since the pattern may be draped several times before it is finalized

Production Department:

Cutting section sewing section Finishing Section Maintenance Section

Cutting section Sewing section

Finishing Section

Organgram of production:

Production department:

Production-along with marketing, merchandising, operation, finance is one of the

Essential functions in apparel manufacturing. Apparel production involves the conversion of materials (INPUT) into completed, salable garments (output) flat pieces of goods are cut, shaped, assemble, and trimmed as they converted into specific styles to meet customer needs. Production process may be carried out in a firm’s own plant and sourced from other firms located in any place. Production plants specialize in a certain types of materials and finished goods because of the limitation of equipment, skills and expertise available.

CUTTING SECTION:

Cutting is the production process of spreading (Sectioning, carving, serving ) a spread into garment parts that are the precise size and shape of the pattern pieces on a marker. The cutting process may also involved transferring marks and notches from the marker to garments parts to assist operator in sewing. Chopping or sectioning a spread blocks of pieces goods may precede precision cutting of individual pattern shapes. This is often done to allow for accurate machine of fabrics design or easier manipulation of a cutting knife.

Fabrics pieces may be cut to predetermined length for matching patterns or for additional processing such as screen printing. Spreads of plaid fabrics may be pre sectioned into block so the design on the fabrics can be perfectly matched before cutting to the shape of the pattern pieces. Per sectioned pieces may be also be also garment parts knitted to specific finished lengths such as sweater bodies. Per sectioned pieces such as leather or other specialty fabrics may be spread and cut as a single ply or laid up and cut as a multiple – ply spread.

The cutting process may also involve in sewing.

Function of cutting in charge:

The most important functions of cutting in charge:

Examine incoming orders and width and availability of pieces goods Determine volumes size ratios, sectioning procedure for making marker Determine whether the file maker are available or new ones are needed Determination specification for optimum marking and fabrics utilization Determining most effective use of spreading and cutting equipments Issuing orders for making spreading and cutting

Function of pattern and marker:

All the patterns in each size of a style are verified that is cheeked very carefully before sending them to cut order planning. Pattern verification includes checking the followings—

Sewing section can be divided into following sub-section on the basis of their functions:

Function of production managers:

Production managers are responsible for managing in a firm’s styles through conversion process. Managing production in owned facilities involves people, process, equipment and facilities. Managing production through vendors involves evaluation of production facilities, negotiation of price quotas and delivery and monitoring quality

Production managers are the head of production department. He is who takes all the decision in the development of the desired requirement of the buyers. He takes all the decision in the decision making table. His main job may be divided into planning and coordinating function.

Planning:

Production standards are used in production planning to do the following:

Estimate the rate or production for completion of each operation Determine the required capacity for an order or style Determine production start dates and completion dates for orders Plane the daily volume that should be completed Determine the back inventory needed to support the work flow Determine how many operators and machine should be performing each operation

Function of floor chief:

The function of floor the floor chiefs are to control the floors attain the maximum output from the floor. He coordinates among the worker in the floor. He is accountable to the production manager. He follows the instruction received from the product manager.

His main function is as follows:

Floor layout Setting line layout Manpower setting in a line Allocation of manpower Setting machine and accessories Setting over time Allocation of the line for particular style to increase productivity Helping or supporting the line chief Coordinative functions with other departments like cutting, finishing, quality and sub store as well as sample section Allocation of line chief and supervisor in a particular time

Function of line chief:

Line chief is accountable to the floor chief. He coordinates with the supervisor and operates as well. The following are the functions of line chief.

Target achievement Quality assurance Proper utilizations of worker Line layout and assembly of the machine in a particular line as per line layout diagram Allocates operators for particular job Sequential of production process in the assembly line Machine layout Allocation of folders and accessories Coordination among the supervisors and floor chief. In case of problem, which can not be solved by the supervisors Preparation of the over time in case of needed Solving bottleneck

CUTTING SECTION:

Cutting is the production process of spreading (Sectioning, carving, serving ) a spread into garment parts that are the precise size and shape of the pattern pieces on a marker. The cutting process may also involved transferring marks and notches from the marker to garments parts to assist operator in sewing. Chopping or sectioning a spread blocks of pieces goods may precede precision cutting of individual pattern shapes. This is often done to allow for accurate machine of fabrics design or easier manipulation of a cutting knife.

Fabrics pieces may be cut to predetermined length for matching patterns or for additional processing such as screen printing. Spreads of plaid fabrics may be pre sectioned into block so the design on the fabrics can be perfectly matched before cutting to the shape of the pattern pieces. Per sectioned pieces may be also be also garment parts knitted to specific finished lengths such as sweater bodies. Per sectioned pieces such as leather or other specialty fabrics may be spread and cut as a single ply or laid up and cut as a multiple – ply spread.

The cutting process may also involve in sewing.

Function of cutting in charge:

The most important functions of cutting in charge:

Examine incoming orders and width and availability of pieces goods Determine volumes size ratios, sectioning procedure for making marker Determine whether the file maker are available or new ones are needed Determination specification for optimum marking and fabrics utilization Determining most effective use of spreading and cutting equipments Issuing orders for making spreading and cutting

Function of pattern and marker:

All the patterns in each size of a style are verified that is cheeked very carefully before sending them to cut order planning. Pattern verification includes checking the followings—

Sewing section can be divided into following sub-section on the basis of their functions:

Function of production managers:

Production managers are responsible for managing in a firm’s styles through conversion process. Managing production in owned facilities involves people, process, equipment and facilities. Managing production through vendors involves evaluation of production facilities, negotiation of price quotas and delivery and monitoring quality

Production managers are the head of production department. He is who takes all the decision in the development of the desired requirement of the buyers. He takes all the decision in the decision making table. His main job may be divided into planning and coordinating function.

Planning:

Production standards are used in production planning to do the following:

Estimate the rate or production for completion of each operation Determine the required capacity for an order or style Determine production start dates and completion dates for orders Plane the daily volume that should be completed Determine the back inventory needed to support the work flow Determine how many operators and machine should be performing each operation

Function of floor chief:

The function of floor the floor chiefs are to control the floors attain the maximum output from the floor. He coordinates among the worker in the floor. He is accountable to the production manager. He follows the instruction received from the product manager.

His main function is as follows:

Floor layout Setting line layout Manpower setting in a line Allocation of manpower Setting machine and accessories Setting over time Allocation of the line for particular style to increase productivity Helping or supporting the line chief Coordinative functions with other departments like cutting, finishing, quality and sub store as well as sample section Allocation of line chief and supervisor in a particular time

Function of line chief:

Line chief is accountable to the floor chief. He coordinates with the supervisor and operates as well. The following are the functions of line chief.

Target achievement Quality assurance Proper utilizations of worker Line layout and assembly of the machine in a particular line as per line layout diagram Allocates operators for particular job Sequential of production process in the assembly line Machine layout Allocation of folders and accessories Coordination among the supervisors and floor chief. In case of problem, which can not be solved by the supervisors Preparation of the over time in case of needed Solving bottleneck

Function of Supervisor:

Supervisor is called the first line the executive in the floor. Their functions as follows:

Supervisor operates and helpers in all the operation Constant monitoring the of materials and the accessories Ensure quality output Ensure productivity Solving operational problems in case of productivity Solving bottleneck Training operator to achieve desired output Development of skilled operator He is a motivator Supervising operators and helpers in a line Allocation of job to operators and helpers Development of helper to operator

Function of operator:

Operator is the one who occupies the maximum number in the assembly .They are the one who really sweat for the productivity in an organization. Their outcome is the outcome of the company. They are the one who contribute more in the garments sectors the operator is the most important person in the factory.

The function pf operator is as follows:

Assembling parts Proper handling of machine and parts Ensures quality Ensures capacity target Ensures measurement of garments as per instruction Ensures allowances as requirements and instruction Ensures productivity Reduce wastage, alter and rejections Informing supervisors in case of handicap in regards to operations and machine as well Ensures utilization of numbers to reduce quality rejects

ORGANOGRAM OF FINISHING SECTION

Finishing section:

Finishing section help in the development of exports before shipment. The whole proceeding before shipment has been made in this department

Maintenance department work in the development of the process through or by the help of machines. Their job is to ensure fault free machines at good conditions. Ensures delivery of right machines at the right place.

The functions of maintenance department work in the development are as follows:

Supply of equipment for assembly and pressing Discuss issues related to equipment selection Explain mechanization and automation relative to general and special purpose machines Examine the basic components of sewing machines work aids and finishing equipment Examine the effect equipment on product quality and performance Procurement of those machines required for the production process Preventive maintenance Training of man in the section for specialized machines Break down maintenance Supply of accessories like folder or attachments

Function of maintenance in charge:

Understanding layout and preparation of layout Understanding the requirement of machine Changing a machine from heavy to light and vise versa Understanding the requirement of folder and preparation of folder Setting m/c as per layout and should adjust the m/c according to the fabrics used The accessories should adjusted in the m/c where it will be needed for quality productivity Attending pre- production meeting Making a meeting daily with his subordinated for batter time utility and output as well Understanding floor layout and utilization of space Responsible for the development of proper lighting at the factory Responsible for proper flow of efficiency Responsible for all kinds of maintenance Attending to the operator at all time to solve the mechanical problem at the line to avoid to any kind of hindrance or flow of productivity Keeping better understanding of quality and to assess quality management He must understand fabric and the nature of fabric Keeping good liaisons with the production, cutting, quality department Responsible for preventive maintenance and break down maintenance Regular servicing of m/c before placement another styles Responsible for proper maintenance of accessories and spare part Proper recording of all the materials Ensures flow of electricity at the required place

Function of mechanics:

Attending floor Fixing machine at the lines Adjustment of the machine Ensuring proper adjustment of the m/c to insure quality and productivity Adjusting or fixing accessories in the m/c like folder or spares or change of needles if needed Helping in the layout and line setting Setting m/c as per line layout Understanding the needed of machines in a process and adjust the m/c accordingly like light to heavy to light Servicing of m/c Preventive maintenance Breakdown maintenance

Commercial Department:

Packing is a critical element in a getting the product to the distribution center or customer in good condition. The type of containers used and how the goods are packing in those containers affect the condition of the merchandise and the efficiency of the shipping process.

Utilization of container space can impact shipping cost for international shipping. A firm pays to ship a full container and if it is not full the cost in the same

Export and import section :

Major function of Export and import section :

Making all the procedures for the clearance of the good from point of origin to the sea port to a manufacture The arrangement of shipment from the point of production to the point of sale Involved in the development of negotiation in most of the cases Responsible for the customer formalities Arranging procedural matters in the development of back to back L/C based on master L/C. Responsible for receiving the materials both local and foreign Insurance is one of the functions Damage claims

Banking Section

Major function of Banking Section:

Issuance of quota Involved in the development of arranging all the formularies like BGMEA EPB and shipment Recommending for correct utilization of fabrics/yarn/ acrylic/wool Giving permission for inner bond sub-contract of bonded warehouses goods Issuing utilization declaration (U/D), export orders for clearance of raw materials factories. Helping disposal of stock lost of fabr

People are a firm’s greatest resource. Employees and their degree of motivation have more to do with the success of a firms then any other single factor. Motivation may be compensation for completed work recognition by peers or management, a feeling of accomplishment a desire to learn. Trainer and managers need to be aware of motivational factors in developing training programs and compensation systems. Motivation is very closely aligned with job satisfaction.

The basic function of Human Resource:

Recruitment and placement Designing salary and wages Development of employees through training Counseling Motivation employees for the achievement of the organization goal Development of “sense of belonging” Bringing organization goal and the individual goal in the same wave line Creation of better environment Designing training need and the development of the personal to increase productivity Ensuring payments both monthly and over time on a specific time and date Retrenchment of employees Administrative action in case of defalcation Declaration of incentive Upgrading employees

Information system section

Function of Information Technology:

Save time and money It saves energy and reduce wastage in all spheres of life It brings more productivity outlook Increase efficiency Move to the department of professionalism Help in the development of prompt decision process visualization of the processes predictable Education of theft and wastage of man and material ensures

Inventory Management section:

Inventory is defined as money the system invests in things that it intends to sell. Units of inventory have value based on the total investment in the item that may be well above the original cost. Value is added to materials throughout the production process and the value remains in the system until the style of sold

Market value of items may decrease with prolonged storage. Fashion goods tend to become obsolete rather quickly.

Three cost factors must be considered in evaluating inventory:

The original cost of the goods the cost of maintaining the inventory including interest on borrowed money and restricted cash flow The value added to the original materials

Conclusion:

Inventory management has become a more sophisticated field because of computerization of inventory data, production planning, and real time production control, And costing systems. It is common for investment in inventory.

The major function of inventory management

Right procurement and storing Making inventory to coincides as per order Ensures proper storage functioning to avoid pilferage and damage of the products procurement of the product at the right time and the right quantities in many cases proper issues of the material at the floor Proper recording systems Proper placement