Free cultural studies Essays and Papers - 123helpme

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Within traditional literary history, the idea of one text appropriating elements from another was referred to as "influence," that is, "relations built on dyads of transmission from one unity (author, work, tradition) to another." Although in this sense "influence" may be traced back as far as written texts, its importance as a concept within literary studies was a phenomenon of the eighteenth and, even more, of the nineteenth centuries. [End Page 1] "Influence-study generally entailed the practice of tracing a text's generic and thematic lineage, especially but not always as evidenced in established canonical works (including myths) from Western literary history," Louis Renza points out in the above-mentioned essay on "influence." Literary influence in such studies "performed a conservative cultural function," reinforcing the canon of "classics." Even as reinterpreted through Harold Bloom's concept of "the anxiety of influence," literary influence-study, Renza argues, tended to reify the ideologies of "author" and "authority," ignoring extraliterary influences on and "culture-specific ideological circumstances" of the work of literature. Because of all these associations, "influence" has been denigrated while "intertextuality" as a more dynamic concept attracted critical attention, especially in the formulations of Kristeva and Barthes, for whom "[a] text . . . is made of multiple writings, drawn from many cultures and entering into mutual relations of dialogue, parody, and contestation."

Postmodern Cultural Studies Essay Examples

Another line of research on the biological basis for sex differences in aggression involveschildren, including some as young as ages 1 or 2, in various situations (Card, Stucky, Sawalani,& Little, 2008).[]They might be playing with each other, interacting with adults, or writing down solutions tohypothetical scenarios given to them by a researcher. In most of these studies, boys are morephysically aggressive in thought or deed than girls, even at a very young age. Other studies aremore experimental in nature. In one type of study, a toddler will be playing with a toy, only tohave it removed by an adult. Boys typically tend to look angry and try to grab the toy back, whilegirls tend to just sit there and whimper. Because these gender differences in aggression are foundat very young ages, researchers often say they must have some biological basis. However, critics ofthis line of research counter that even young children have already been socialized along genderlines (Begley, 2009; Eliot, 2009),[]a point to which we return later. To the extent this is true, gender differences in children'saggression may simply reflect socialization and not biology.

This category in particular points up the inadequacies of categorization, especially in interdisciplinary work. Separating race from gender from sexuality from my other categories threatens to re-marginalize them just as they are claiming their centrality to any cultural analysis. Hence I have also placed works reexamining these topics in other sections, cross-referencing some of them here. In addition, while separating racial studies from gender studies from sexuality studies serves to highlight their respective evolutions and achievements, it does so at the cost of obscuring multiple identities and complex interactions. Thus each subsection is structured to move towards points of intersection with the other categories.2

Essay Sample on Cultural and Ethnic Studies

Another agent of socialization, religion, also contributes to traditional gender stereotypes. Manytraditional interpretations of the Bible yield the message that women are subservient to men(Tanenbaum, 2009).[]This message begins in Genesis, where the first human is Adam, and Eve was made from one of hisribs. The major figures in the rest of the Bible are men, and women are for the most part depictedas wives, mothers, temptresses, and prostitutes; they are praised for their roles as wives andmothers and condemned for their other roles. More generally, women are constantly depicted as theproperty of men. The Ten Commandments includes a neighbor's wife with his house, ox, and otherobjects as things not to be coveted (Exodus 20:17), and many biblical passages say explicitly thatwomen belong to men, such as this one from the New Testament:

Things They Carried Essay: A Cultural Studies Approach …

But it is in this subject area where the values of patriotism, nationalism, cultural preservation, and feeling of identity are imparted to the students....

Topics in Cultural Studies Essay - 1238 Words - …

(Oxford bibliography Keith Hayward) Although it would seem that cultural criminology is nothing more than an interdisciplinary field, using only the studies and theories of some of the disciplines mentioned...

“Within semiotic theory a signifying system such as language is understood as an ordering of signs that constructs meaning within itself through a series of conceptual and phonic differences” (‘Semiotics’ 2004, in The Sage Dictionary of Cultural Studies)....

32.1 (2002) 1-15 During the last ten years, the term has become ubiquitous in the discourse of many disciplines, but--despite its manifest usefulness in academic argument--it remains conceptually unstable. The focus of this essay collection on the cultural processes of appropriation offers an opportunity, first, to trace out the recent history of the concept of appropriation as it developed in various fields of study, and then to examine the complexity of "cultural process" as revealed by medieval and early modern examples. Our aim is to demonstrate, as Rhonda Knight observes in the conclusion to her essay, "the importance of placing premodern and modern considerations of cultural appropriation in dialogue with one another." In Robert S. Nelson and Richard Shiff's the term merits an essay, written by one of the editors, in which Nelson explains, "my essay on is a deliberate repositioning and thus critique of the previous essay on " that had appeared in the volume In the art history volume, Nelson's "appropriation" essay is placed immediately after the essay on "originality" written by the other editor, Shiff. Thus the two entries form a dialectical diptych, so that the terms engage in a dialogue in which "appropriation" forces a reconsideration of "originality." Within traditional literary history, the idea of one text appropriating elements from another was referred to as "influence," that is, "relations built on dyads of transmission from one unity (author, work, tradition) to another." Although in this sense "influence" may be traced back as far as written texts, its importance as a concept within literary studies was a phenomenon of the eighteenth and, even more, of the nineteenth centuries. [End Page 1] "Influence-study generally entailed the practice of tracing a text's generic and thematic lineage, especially but not always as evidenced in established canonical works (including myths) from Western literary history," Louis Renza points out in the above-mentioned essay on "influence." Literary influence in such studies "performed a conservative cultural function," reinforcing the canon of "classics." Even as reinterpreted through Harold Bloom's concept of "the anxiety of influence," literary influence-study, Renza argues, tended to reify the ideologies of "author" and "authority," ignoring extraliterary influences on and "culture-specific ideological circumstances" of the work of literature. Because of all these associations, "influence" has been denigrated while "intertextuality" as a more dynamic concept attracted critical attention, especially in the formulations of Kristeva and Barthes, for whom "[a] text . . . is made of multiple writings, drawn from many cultures and entering into mutual relations of dialogue, parody, and contestation." The notion of reuse--of materials, as in spolia, or of forms and ideas--has been an integral part of the art historical activity, too. Oleg Grabar's 1973 study of Isalmic art argued that Islamic monuments were the products of a wide range of processes by which the new religion established itself both physically and symbolically. Similarly, scholars of early Christian art have shown how Roman imperial iconography was appropriated by Christian artists through a process of iconographic adaptation. Christ is represented as an emperor, for example, but the secular imperial iconography of costume is made to fit a new religious context where Christ becomes the Pantocrator, the ruler of the universe; in the process, the iconography undergoes changes without completely abolishing the original meanings. It could be argued that, like Molière's Bourgeois Gentilhomme who spoke in prose without knowing it, art historians have studied appropriation without using the term. Traditionally, medievalists have focused on discovering the definitive point of origin for the monuments, artifacts, and texts they study. As Claire Sponsler notes in her essay for this volume, "For most of its history, the study of medieval Europe has been a recuperative project preoccupied with...

During the last ten years, the term has become ubiquitous in the discourse of many disciplines, but--despite its manifest usefulness in academic argument--it remains conceptually unstable. The focus of this essay collection on the cultural processes of appropriation offers an opportunity, first, to trace out the recent history of the concept of appropriation as it developed in various fields of study, and then to examine the complexity of "cultural process" as revealed by medieval and early modern examples. Our aim is to demonstrate, as Rhonda Knight observes in the conclusion to her essay, "the importance of placing premodern and modern considerations of cultural appropriation in dialogue with one another."

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The program's current director is , Professor of Communication, and affiliate faculty member in Cultural Studies, Global Studies, and Gender, Sexuality, & Women's Studies.