4. DOCID:29948 SCORE: 0.00475469315588801DOCNO: 16205900OWNER: NLMSTATUS: In-ProcessAUTHOR: H Bonkhoff HAFFILIATION: Praxis für Pathologie, Berlin. bonkhoff@prostapath.dePUBTYPE: Journal ArticleJOURNALTITLE: Der Pathologe.COUNTRY: GermanyTITLE: [Prognostic factors in prostate cancer]PUBDATE: 20051101
Since several therapeutic options are currently available for clinically organ-confined prostate cancer, morphological parameters have rapidly emerged as prognostic factors to stratify patients into different therapeutic modalities. In addition to the PSA value, pathologic stage, as defined by the TNM system, Gleason grade and the surgical margin status, other markers have prognostic implications. This includes the percent pattern 4/5 cancer, tumor volume, intraductal spread, large volume perineural invasion and molecular markers. This review discusses the methods of sampling and reporting in prostate pathology with an emphasis on well established and new prognostic factors.

5. DOCID:29607 SCORE: 0.00475468403159562DOCNO: 16446258OWNER: NLMSTATUS: In-Data-ReviewAUTHOR: Thomas P Bradley TPAUTHOR: Anne L Golden ALAFFILIATION: Division of Oncology, North Shore University Hospital, New York University School of Medicine, 300 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.PUBTYPE: Journal ArticleJOURNALTITLE: Clinics in occupational and environmental medicine.COUNTRY: United StatesTITLE: Tobacco and carcinogens in the workplace.PUBDATE: 20050201
Workplace exposures to carcinogens long have been associated with cancers, and corrective measures to limit exposures have resulted in reductions in such cancers and improved worker health. Some exposures are currently of historical interest, and many current or past exposures are associated with conflicting evidence as to causality. We present a brief overview of the effects of exposure to asbestos, tobacco, and other known carcinogens.

7. DOCID:27299 SCORE: 0.00414866627476458DOCNO: 10088127OWNER: NLMSTATUS: MEDLINEQUALIFIER: transplantationQUALIFIER: methodsQUALIFIER: therapyAUTHOR: C A Colaco CAAFFILIATION: Quadrant Healthcare, Maris Lane, Cambridge, UK. camilo.colaco@quadrant.co.ukPUBTYPE: Journal ArticlePUBTYPE: ReviewJOURNALTITLE: Molecular medicine today. COUNTRY: ENGLANDTITLE: Why are dendritic cells central to cancer immunotherapy?PUBDATE: 19990101
Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy is rapidly emerging as a viable alternative to radiation or chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer. The resurgence of interest in cancer immunotherapy reflects the promising results that have been obtained in both animal models and early clinical trials with the DC-based approach. Here I suggest that this optimism is justified because the efficient capture and presentation of antigens by DCs is central to the induction of an immune response. I argue that the mechanism by which DCs capture antigen suggests that the immune system might actually be 'blind' to tumours, thereby challenging the theory of immune surveillance.

9. DOCID:19770 SCORE: 0.00411804893472438DOCNO: 8465713OWNER: NLMSTATUS: MEDLINEQUALIFIER: therapyAUTHOR: H C Seim HCAUTHOR: K B Holtmeier KBAFFILIATION: University of Minnesota Medical School-Minneapolis.PUBTYPE: Journal ArticlePUBTYPE: ReviewJOURNALTITLE: American family physician. COUNTRY: UNITED STATESTITLE: Treatment of obesity in the elderly.PUBDATE: 19930401
Obesity is a common form of malnutrition among the elderly. Excessive weight gain is associated with decreased physical activity and a progressive decline in caloric requirements for weight maintenance. Obesity increases the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, hypertension, noninsulin-dependent diabetes, osteoarthritis of the lower extremities and several types of cancer. Specific guidelines are recommended for weight-loss programs used in the elderly. While calories from dietary fats and carbohydrates are restricted, a protein intake of approximately 70 g per day is desirable. Exercise is an important part of the weight-loss program and contributes to a general sense of well-being. Limitation of motion may necessitate innovative forms of exercise for elderly patients.

10. DOCID:30147 SCORE: 0.00410577401683747DOCNO: 16062011OWNER: NLMSTATUS: MEDLINEDESCRIPTOR: Soy FoodsDESCRIPTOR: SoybeansQUALIFIER: prevention & controlQUALIFIER: prevention & controlAUTHOR: Kazuhiro Uenishi KAFFILIATION: Kagawa Nutrition University, Japan.PUBTYPE: Journal ArticlePUBTYPE: ReviewJOURNALTITLE: Clinical calcium. COUNTRY: JapanTITLE: [Recommended soy and soy products intake to prevent bone fracture and osteoporosis]PUBDATE: 20050801
Soy contains isoflavones, which are phytoestrogens, and its intake may help to prevent some diseases including menopausal disorder, osteoporosis, and breast cancer. Natto, a fermented soy product, is rich in vitamin K, which also contributes to bone health. In this report, we overviewed peer-reviewed papers showing relationship between soy product intake and risks of bone fracture and osteoporosis. It is suggested that that intake of soy products is not strongly enough to conclude but possible to be efficient in prevention of bone fracture and osteoporosis.

11. DOCID:23125 SCORE: 0.00405106671070477DOCNO: 9186218OWNER: NLMSTATUS: MEDLINEDESCRIPTOR: Knee JointQUALIFIER: complicationsQUALIFIER: etiologyQUALIFIER: complicationsQUALIFIER: etiologyQUALIFIER: etiologyAUTHOR: H Aoshima HAUTHOR: K Kushida KAUTHOR: M Okada MAUTHOR: Y Kageyama YAUTHOR: T Inoue TAUTHOR: H Tomita HAFFILIATION: Department of Orthopaedics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan.PUBTYPE: Case ReportsPUBTYPE: Journal ArticleJOURNALTITLE: Clinical orthopaedics and related research. COUNTRY: UNITED STATESTITLE: Neuropathic arthropathy caused by paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy. A case report.PUBDATE: 19970601
Neuropathic arthropathy of both knees after paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy developed in a 64-year-old woman. The patient was found to have small cell lung cancer 2 months after the onset of a sensory neuropathy that was diagnosed as paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy, a nonmetastatic neurologic complication in patients with malignancy. The onset of paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy was followed by the gradual onset of neuropathic arthropathy. This is the first well documented report on neuropathic arthropathy in a patient with paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy.

12. DOCID:22177 SCORE: 0.00402976152982515DOCNO: 9555127AUTHOR: H Galjaard HAFFILIATION: Academisch Ziekenhuis Rotterdam-Dijkzigt, afd. Klinische Genetica, Rotterdam.PUBTYPE: Journal ArticlePUBTYPE: ReviewJOURNALTITLE: Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde. COUNTRY: NETHERLANDSTITLE: [Future developments in genetic research. I. Technological possibilities]PUBDATE: 19971201
The attention in genetic research is shifting from the determination' of (rare) monogenic disorders to identification of genetic risk factors for important diseases at adult age. Mapping of all man's 80,000-100,000 genes will also provide more insight into the gene polymorphisms and mutations that are associated with various types of cancer, certain cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer dementia. Apart from new diagnostic possibilities, the DNA techniques create new prospects for the study of the pathogenesis of diseases and the devising of new strategies for treatment. Examples are familial hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes, breast cancer and colorectal carcinoma.

14. DOCID:23968 SCORE: 0.00387802299272291DOCNO: 7835803OWNER: NLMSTATUS: MEDLINEDESCRIPTOR: Ovarian NeoplasmsAUTHOR: R F Ozols RFAFFILIATION: Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111.PUBTYPE: Journal ArticlePUBTYPE: ReviewJOURNALTITLE: Gynecologic oncology. COUNTRY: UNITED STATESTITLE: Research directions in epithelial ovarian cancer.PUBDATE: 19941201
Major improvements in survival from ovarian cancer will likely result from a combined effort in prevention, diagnosis, screening, and treatment. Oral contraceptives can decrease the risk of ovarian cancer in women with a family history of the disease. Screening currently is not routinely recommended and awaits further refinements in tumor markers and image techniques. Surgery and chemotherapy have been the cornerstones of treatment for most patients with ovarian cancer. Paclitaxel plus a platinum compound has now become a new standard chemotherapy regimen. However, numerous clinical questions need to be explored in prospectively randomized trials to determine how best to use this agent. Basic research in ovarian cancer will likely lead to the novel therapeutic targets and completely new approaches.