Makes the Fab 50 for the second year in row as it expands into power transmission—it's building more than 1,000 miles of transmission lines. Gautam S. Adani founded it as a trading company in 1988 and, along with his family, still owns 74%. It now operates the largest private merchant port in India and boasts the country's largest edible-oil manufacturing capacity. It's also the largest coal trader in India. It has two coal mines in Indonesia and has signed a lease for one in Australia. The company is headquartered in Ahmedabad and is building a township there.