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Weekly Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1841), 1843-10-18

Weekly Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1841), 1843-10-18 page 1

,Y 0 J2JJ0JHJLJ VOLUME XXXIV. COLUMBUS, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1843. NUMBER 7. JO RNAL w TO STATE PUULISIIKU EVERY WEDNESDAY, BV CIIAKI.ES SCOTT. OfliM corner of High nu To" straits, Bulllci' Building, ' TERMS. Tnnr.1 Dou.R rrn absum, which may be iliicliarr-eil by llic payment of Two Dollar, and Fifty Ccnli in advance, al Ihc ollice. . " . , The Journal is also published daily durine Ihe .anion of llie U'giilulure and Ihricc a week llio remainder of Ihe year, for g! i and Ihrec lime, a week, yearly, frr $. THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 12,1843. OLD FRANKLIN ERECT! The following i tlie result of the election in this county on Tuesday. Tho official roturm may vary the vote somewhat but cannot change tho result. for Cottgrtu. Josoph Ridgway, (Whig,) - . 2454 lleman A. Moore, (Loco,) - - I'M 45!) niaj. 2)45 ami) 2051 2078 212 ma 2108 107 maj. 2ai5 174U 480 maj. 2210 2205 Jtepruentaliva. Samuel Paraons,IWhig,) Cornelius Cruuii (Whig,)-Win. 8. Ficklin, (Loco,) Adiu G. Hibbs, (Loco,) - - - Average maj. for Representatives, Sheriff. Win. Dnmigan, (Whip-,) Joseph Hunter, (Loco,) Auditor, Fred. Colo, (Loco,) John A.Lazoll,(Whig,) Treasurer. Joseph McElvnin, (Loco,) Joseph Lciby, ( Whig,) 11 maj. Tho Whig Candidates for Recorder, Commission-craud Poor House Director are elected. Tho Locos have carried their Coroner by something liko 100 majority. 1 It will bo seen by the above, the Whigs have nobly sustained their candidates for Congress, Representatives and Sheriff. In 1842,Corwin'a majority for Governor in Frank lin county wns 304, being a Whig gain, as compa red with Mr. Ridgway'a vote of 145. From die Newark (Jnrette F.ilra, Wednesday, 1 o'clock I' M LICKING COUNTY 13 REDEEMED! 1 Wo have the extreme gratification of announcing to tho Whigs of Ohio, that tho independent Whigs of Licking, have triumphed at last and triumphed gloriously ! The "Court House Family" havo fullcn their death knell is now ringing in our ears ! 1 ho cor rupt Junto in Licking, which has so long ruled in tho county, and pilfered and plundered nor treasury, havo passed away roHRvr.n ! A thousand cheers for tho Whigs of Licking!! All the townships aro now in but fivo, which will increase the Whig majority. It will be soon by the following returns that Riilgwny leads Mooro about 150 votes. Duncan and White, the Whig Kcpre' cntatives, arc elected over Morgan and Rosecrans, by from 200 tollOO majority, and the entire Independent Tickot is elected throughout. LATER Since tho above extra was received, news has come in that the fivo townships have in' creased Ridgway'a majority to 300! - In 1M42, Shannon's majority in Licking was 730. KNOX COUNTY. By a slip just received from tho (ML Vernon) Ban- Mr office, wo learn Out Moore majority lor congress is 7 15, which will probably securo his election. Tho whole Locofoco ticket in Knox is elected. P. 8. Since tho abovo waa in type we learn that Moore' majority is 811. FLORENCE ELECTED MAJORITY COO! Wc have received sufficient returns from all the counties in tho District. Florcnco is elected to Con gross by a majority of about 4l3 thus: Florence's maiorilv in Pickaway, Ml do. do. Fayotte, 3H1 Majority M'i Modill's majority in Fairfield, 342 Florence's majority, COO The official returns will not greatly vary from tho above. The Whig members of the Legislature elected from Fayclto District, and from Pickaway county. CLARK AND ClIAMI'AIGM. Vance's majority for Congress in Champaign, Clark, 500 m WARREN, MONTGOMERY, AND GREENE Dy the Western Mail wo luarn that Schonck's majority for Congress is in Warren county, - "O Montgomery - f-J Greene, - Cpj ThoonlireWlugticketin Warren county is elected I'REULE COUNTY. We have nothing definite from Preble. There are reports that shu In given Campbell from 800 to 000 over Wi-llor. SHELBY COUNTY 100 GUNS FOR SHELBY ! An express from Shelby, brings tho granting intelligence that Die Whig ticket has beei. elected by a majority of about 70 votes. This is a great, a magnificent triumph. Every township hoard from. ROSS COUNTY. By an endorsement on tho way bill from CliiUicollio, we loam that the majorities fur the Whigcandidate so far, are as follows) Vanmclcr, fur Congress, Crouso, " Senate, Clajpool, House, Kshlcr, " 810 to 830 1150 to 1000 IK.I0 to 050 550 550 Acker, Two townships in Ross only to bo heard from. HOCKING COUNTY! A correspondent inform us that Lucas' majority in this county over Vanmeter for Congress, is only 478 and Nelson's over Kaliler, for the House, 3ti and the probability is that Kshlcr will gain 20 or 30 vole. If so, Rom having given 550 majority, it will probably secure his election. The I-oco Convention candiJate for Sheriff in Mucking is beaten. OLD MORGAN IS ItKDEEMED. Dr. Johnson's majority for Congress, in this county, is about TWO HUNDRED! Gline's majority over Clark, for Representative, will be about One Hundred and Mnnlyft! Crawford over Duel, about one kumlrtd and fftu .' Daviks, for Senator, w ill have from one aunoWii and thirty, lo one hundnd and orfy There is a probability that we havo elected our Trentum-, and but little doubt of the buccpm of our Commissioner and Coronor ! Sheriff and Prosecuting Attorney we loso, the former by about fifty majority ! ( Nine cheers for Morgan I We have given a alight token of what we can do, when our opponents make an issue fairly. Bank or no Hank ! The traight-outa have done nobly, and desorve great praise. We have a rumour from Dearfield township, Perry Co, that 11 ha only give 87 against us for Con-grew. We do not know whether it can be relied upon or not. - JEFFERSON AND CARROLL. The Whig Senator and Representatives re elected in tin district by a majority ranging from 50 to 180, McCauslin is elected to Congress. HARRISON AND BELMONT. Harrison ha given the Whig ticket a majority of 150. Belmont ha given the Locofoco ticket a majority of about 200. FINANCIERING. It appears that Auditor Brough, ha been seized with a very laudable fit of patriotic regard for the credit of the State, as connected with the character and conduct of tho Fund Commissioners; and for which he is certainly entitled to due praise. We ya fit; because taken in that connexion, the sud denness of tho attack, and the intensity of the operation, renders it somewhat reinarkablo. It ho generally been considered that a genuine devotion to the public interests will be the same, let who will admin ister the government That Rome is by none the lea Rome, because of Cajsar's overcoming Pompey. Taking this view of the matter, it may De somewhat difficult for one not initiated into the mystery of modern patriotism, to perceive tho reason, why all the wrath of tho Auditor should be rcsorved for the State Journal. Every body knows, that for the .two last entire years, the attacks of the Statesman, the confidential organ and bosom friend of the Auditor constituted more than half their political capital, nnd that too, when the danger was not a failure to pay contractors, but the intereat on the funded debt. Whero then slept tho indignant thunder of tho Aud itor's eloquence ? There woe then no rebuke heard from that quarter ; and for the plain reason that it these attacks were not by hi procurement, they were by his concurrence. That fact is tendered certain by the circumstance of the Statesman threatening to publish a certain much boasted letter, which it professed to have, and which no one out tlie Auditor could have furnished, and which tho Statesman bantered the Journal to ask for, and it should be forth coming. This letter it appeared was a part of a correspondenco between the Auditor and the Fund Commissioners, protesting against giving con sent to anticipating the revenue of the present year, then in the hands of County Treasurers, for the pay- mcnt of tho last January interest, and which mea sure, it wo suggested, would in all probability place Ohio in the list of non-paying States. That was then all legitimate:. Thoso who had charge of the fiscal concerns of the Stato wore Cor- win's much-abused Fund Commissioners ; and should the Stato fail to pay her inlorest, it would only call forth another execration from tho parly, and Auditor Brough could plume himself upon the superior ability di.phiycd in his protest, and greet himself upon the political result of the State's misfortunes. Upon the subject of his financial operations, it is not necessary further to remark. It is now known that par in New York means 14 per cent, off; and if tho tax-payers and contractor arc content that 22,- W0 shall be put into the hands of Fund-mongers, bo it even no. The Auditor proclaim that he will have no con troversy "with tlie Stato Journal on the subject of tho Ohio loan." With this also the Journal is content; but it must bo permitted to remark that it might hnvo been well for him to have settled that matter before he made his gratuitous attack. It is, however, perfectly consistent with the exalted sentiments of that functionary, and accords adinirubly with his notions of gentlemanly controversy on a given point, to avail himself of the high notions entertained by some of the elito of Wall street, who can invite a private correspondence, for the purpose of betraying tho confidence thus implied, and put-ling it into tho hands of one who will sneakingly smuggle it into the column of tlie Statesman to divert public attention. The State Journal can have nothing to do with the private sentiments of its former editor, thua disreputably obtained ; it doc nut belong to the subject It loathes and abhora tho meanness that could stoop to such a course to get possession of, and make pub lie such irrclcvaant matter, and would shun them aa it would the degraded evea-droppcr. BASE LIBEL ON TUB WHIGS OF COLUMBUS.The Statesman says in a alip issued to-day, that "night came, and the flame of tho old caska and store boxes went up to the dark and lowering clouds that hung over tho sceno below, while many good temperance men total abstinence men trrre n druri At corn." Just an, Mr. Stato Printer, but you for got lo tell who they wore that wero " drunk as loons." No doubt you meant that tho public should understand lhat they wore Whigs ; that is, you meant virtually to lie; but wo havo the best authority for saying to tho good pcoplo of Columbus, that the drunken, brawling, and vomiting loafers who disturbed the peace and quiet of the city last night wero each and every ono of them Locofocos ; and wo have no doubt that the State Printer knew it when ho penned tho slip issued this morning. "NOT A DRUM WAS HEARD, NOR A FUNERAL NOTE." Tho " Sentinel on the watch tower" is silent as death on the subject of the Land Receiver who lii.ys State Land Ilamli uith the Statc'i money. Ho fire no minute gun, give no alarm. Wonder if the Receiver ho not learned the eounhmgn TENNESSEE. On tlie 5th instant, Gov. Jnsr.s delivered his Me, sago to tho Legislature of Tennessee. We have nut received it, but it is highly spoken of. The Cincinnati Chronicle says It treats almost entirely of stnto alT.iira ; but censure well and pointedly the revolutionary movement attempted by tho Senato of the last Legislature; an act by which the Stale was deprived, during ono session, of its United State Senators, and which was, most undoubtedly, a purely factious movement The affairs of Tennessee are generally in a good condition, and tho Governor and legislature appear to bo directing their altentiun to tho business of tho Stale. Tho question relating to the seat of government was under discussion. Tho Sonate had passed a Bill fixing AirurWori, a tlie scat of government ; the House another, fixing it at Murjrrtsliorough. GEORGIA ELECTION. Tho Augusta Chr niclo of Friday last says "Tho legislature is already Wliig.rferMiiiVi Whig, on joint ballot, without a gain of another member, though wo have not yet gained a siitlicicnt number of Senator lo give us a majority in tho Senate. Tho Locofoco majority Inst year was about forty on joint ballot" VOICE OF DELAWARE. CorrTijMHiirci.ee of tlie IMkwiit Stale Journal, Dovf.h, Oct. m IHin. Tho Whiff Stato Convention mot todny ; tho attendance wu qui to krjjo Now Catle county, in particular waa lamely re (renewed. Tho whole proceedings went oil with frcnt unanimity. It is not nccewmry to atate that the mnl nrricnt nttucliincnt to Whiff principle and Henry Clav pcrvadeallic whole body of the Whiff party of lielawaro; had any dntibt of thia pre v)l i-d, it mutt hnve been entirely obliterated by conversing with tho Vhiff in attendance at this Convention, Henry Clay, Hr.xKX Ci.t I1KNIIY CLAY, n the bejrinnmrr. middle and end of their ditcouiw. Delaware in emphatically a Win jj Stale, and with the name of Harry or tiik Wkkt -he will achieve a conuuoal over the Lokiee in It'll, more ifftial thin alio did in IH 10. Wnto Victory n Portland. Tho Whiff" of Portland, on Monday last, which wna the third trial, aoccerded in electing their Keprcwenlativea to the Stato Hnuttc of Rcpmtcntaiives. There were about I. K0 ballots cant; the Whigs hud each about 7'1 the Democrat lea than i"00, and there were about 100 Knttcrinir. Tho vote from the ialanda not jot received, will probably reduce tho Whiff majority somewhat, but it will not be far from a hundred, and tlto plurality of tho Whiff vote ovor Uio Democratic will be nearly two hundred. In Dangor, at the third trial, on tho tame day, there was ajrain no choice. Tho Whiff candidates had 418 and HAi votes respectively ; tho Democratic lM and lltf; tho Abolitionists l27li and 273, and (hero wero t) scattering. Ihnhn Miy Adv. The Pittsburgh papers inform us lhat trado was quite brink there. Steamboats of the largest clasa wore arriving and departing in frequent succession Velvets are now made much cheaper than formerly. Two pieces, ono over the other, are woven at ihc aame Uuie, and then cut apart by a kuifo. Mr. Webster's Great Speech. Spteck of Daniel Webster, a Ihe Supper of iht jeto ror .vale Agricultural Aoatttf, ni noctusttr, on Tuesday evening, September 21, J84J. Reported for the New York Tribunp. James S. Wadsworth, Esq., ofGenesco, Presi dent of the State Agricultural Society, in introducing Mr. Webster to the company present, spuke of his eminent abilities and distinguished services, end referred, in a very happy manner, to the fact that he had, in other days, spent some time as a student in Mr. Webster's oftice. Mr. Wadsworth said he should pass over all the great acts of his eminently useful life, all that he had done in the service of his country, and all the ureal deeds and eloquent words which had made his name distinguished and honored throughout the world. The history of his life wbb tlie history of his country ; and to history he would leave tlie appropri ate task ot describing and commemorating them. For the present, lie wished only to propose The Health or the FAHMLR or MARSII-1'JKLD"The sentiment was received with tumultuous ap plause, followed by three hearty cheers. After the noise had subsided, Mr. Webster rose and replied in substance as follows : Mr. President and Genttemnl am greatly obli ged for the kind manner in which tho President of Uiis Society has referred to the circumstances of our garly acquaintance and intercourse. I am proud, eentlemen, of such a pupil ; and if he learned any tiling under my instruction relative to the f rofession to which 1 belong, I am sure he is fully competent, now, to puy buck the principle with accumulated interest from knowledge connected with the present pursuit to which he and you, gentlemen, ure greatly attached. Gentlemen Owing, perhaps, in some measure, to this early and friendly consideration of tho Presi dent of your Society, and to the trencral kindness of all persons connected witli it, t bad tlie honor to be invited to appear on tins occasion, and to make the annual address usual upon tho celebration of your anniversily. It happened not to be in my power to accept tho tender of this great honor. But in declining it I suggested to my friend that, as I sometimes hud occasion to visit Western New York, partly to visit some family connections und other friends, and as I always embrace such an opportunity with the greatest pleasure, 1 might be in this region in the course of tlie autumn, and that if so, I would endeavor to arrange my time so as to bo present at the Anniversary of the Agricultural Society. I come, gentlemen, in tho fulfilment of that intimation. 1 come with great pleasure, notwithstanding the heat of the weather and the length of tho journey, tn be present at this great mectinj; of the Representatives of the Agricultural Interests of this Stale cheers and l wouid most gladly, gentlemen, so tor as may 1 bo in my power, do something, or say something, by way of compensation for the kindness winch you havo manifested towards me, and as expressing the grateful feelings with which I acknowledge the honor you have done me in extending to me this invitation.Gentlemen, the occasion is an agricultural occasion. The topics which havoasciublod ui together here are agricultural topics. They curry us to the consideration of thnt great interest of society, the cultivation of tho Earth, from which we ourselves were taken. And, gentlemen, I have been struck in examining the exhibition which has been made today of animals, und, of the products and improvements of the mechanical arts, and especially the improvements in the grcatsciencound practice of at?ri- culturo, with tho vast advantages which Agriculture, in tlie appropriate senso ot the word, hold out to the great mass of the society in which we live. The cultivation of tho earth is not all of agriculture in its proper or common sense. That depends very much on climate and condition. We speak of Agriculture as that great Pursuit of Society in which tho great mass of men are engaged, in temperate climates, and in a soil adapted to produce the vane- ty ot things winch are usulul tor loud and the rai- But thoro is another cultivation of the fields, an- propnato to tropical climates, which has received the usual denominations of the ulantuti on the plan ting interest of society. Now, gentlemen, what has most forcibly struck my attention, suggested by what I have seen and heard and witnessed to-day, is the vastly superior advantages, to individuals and to society, of tho truly agricultural over tho plantation interest I desire no better exemplification of the truth of the general sentiment which I have advanced, than that suggested by the comparison if we mny not mora properly call it a conn-cut exhibited by those who cultivate the Holds of Western New York and thoso who cuttivato equally rich soils, which lie beneath a tropical sun. 1 would compare the agriculture of Western New York with the plantation interest of the West Indies. Now, does any tiling exhibit a broader contrast between tho ditlW-cnt pursuits both dedicated to the cultivation of tho Inn 1, both rearing products for human consumption than we find between your circles, and those found in the plantation tracts of Cuba or Jamaica, not only as aflocting individual happiness, but as touching the riches, the strength, the order, tlie jwwer, tho intelligence of human society? Tho difference appears to bo this: Tropical cultivation, tlie raising of sugar, rice, coflee, fur example, is rather a matter of Commerce than of Acri- culture. The production ot that arliclo depends on uio rxpcnsn incurred ior sou ami moor, oi tout sort appropriate to its cultivation: and this is all capital. Whenever ono would enter upon Tropical culture ho invests his capital in tho soil, and, us we all well know, a portion of it also in labor. It becomes, therefore, rather of the nature of a commercial undertaking, than the plain and homely, but healthy and beneficent field cultivation, Tho consequence is such as a philosophic inquiry would lead us to expect One is uncertain, precarious, changeable, partaking of tho vicissitudes of trade, and commercial enterprise. The other is a home interest, always substantially the samo liable, it is true, lo those vicissitudes which attach themselves to all human concerns, but securing to him who enters upon tho cultivation of his own lands, by the labor of Ins own hands, a competency and promising to guard him against the accidents of life as far as is possible for the most fortunate humnn beings. The contrast is evident when we examine curefully the condition of him who trusts to Tropical cultivation suppose of endue. He raises one thing for sale and one rnify, and buys of others every thing else. I In has one commod ity to carry to tho market of sale, and twenty to seek in tho market of purchase. What is the consequence of this sttte of things to his finances, to his means of living, of security and comfort ? We see at once that, as ho product's but one article, and tint article a commodity subject to the fluctuating prices of the commer-cinl world, a depression in its price affect him through thr irWr trlrnt of his annual income. If, for example, the price of that article falls ten per cent, he lose ten per cent of his expect it inns tho loss goes through tho whole product If it raises he is enriched. If it falls ho is impoverished. And. therefore, estates which are rich to-day may bo poor to-morrow; and no man, not oes,rd of a vast capital, can rely upon his property for tho support and comfort of his family, and the education of his children from year to year. Now, contrast, with this, tho stito of the farmer of Western New York, or id' New England, or of England, or any other strictly agricultural society. The fanner of tho western part of Nuw York raises arnat variety of articles as we have seen by the exhibitions to-day. There is collected every species of useful productions fit for human nutriment animal and vegetable. There aro the fleeces of his flock capable of being turned to a great extent into the production of raiment for himself and family. In this variety, therefore, there is a great advantage. Ho has the means of securing to himself an independence and it is true of an individual, as of a nation, lhat without independence, no man ui man nor can he ever bo a man, (Cheers.) It is this which gives him personal refpcctahilitv : for you will perceive that if he has provisions and fleeces, his table is supplied, his family, to a great extent, is clothed and if prices fall, how far is ho affected? Only on the fjTr.ii of his productions, which not needing them for comni mpt ion, he sends to market Suppose this excess be ton per cent of his whole product-while if prices fall then, it elKrti only ten nor cent of his income. If it falls upon the tropical plantation it runs through his wholo product, and effect his whole income. But the farmer who is governed by the other principle I havo mentioned, oats, drinks, and is clothed without care as to prices. 1 lo is his own consumer. IIo buys of himself, His bust customer is himself, his wife, and his healthy children. Theso aro all supplied with no rcferonco to or concern for other markets. Thus, therefore, except as to the excess of his productions abovo their wants, why should he care a fig for the rise or fall of prices? This general truth may no, Knd doubtless is, modified by many considerations. It may bo that country liko ours, engaged in grain growing, is a country in which vou look lo the sale of that great commodity fur other means. But there can, nevertheless, bo found no other in which tlie elements of life mako all comfort and happy, and secure in an equal degree, agatndt famine and want, let the agitations, the excitements, and changes of the commercial world be what they rimy. Gentlemen, tn my ludirmenL it is this independence of occasional change, this self mipport by our own means, secured by the cultivation of our own soil by our own hands, which gives the farmer of tho United States that independent character which constitutes his respect and value as a man and a citizen. Gentlemen, this reflection might bo pursued at great length. It might bo made to rtppcar to what extent it effects the character of iSuciety. Why, what ib the Society in a plantation establishment in the West Indies ? There is no Society ! There is a capitalist and there is labor of a particulardcscrip tion; but a Society, a Society of intelligent, free spirits there is none, non, hows, and there never can bel It is therefore, in the temperate climates in the rich and favored spots of God; it is, therefore, gentlemen, beneath such a sun as shines on you and on Buch an Karth as that on which you tread, that the truest dcvclopcment of a Btrong society is to be made that can ever be witnessed on the Earth. Loud cheers Gentlemen, every body knows that at ihc foundation of all that is important to human life lies this great business the cultivation of the Earth. If it was for his sins that man was condemned to till the land it was the most merciful judgment Almighty benignity could havo indicted upon him! Loud and repeated cheers. Now, gentlemen, in regard to the great interests of Agriculture, there arc things, which individuals may do for themselves. And there ere things, too, which the collected agency of individuals, that is which Government must do for thorn. What they can do themselves, they must be kfi to do for themselves. But, as I have said, there are great objects, great interests, great arrangements, which are necessary for the enrichment of the fields of Agriculture, for every one who tills them, which belong to Government and which Government is not in the fulfilment of its duties when it disregards or neglects. Individuals mny judge on such instruction as they can obtain, of the character of soil nnd of climate. They may judge of tlie implements and modes of husbandry. This is the scope, indeed, of judgment, of experience, of AHsociation, of a comparison of ideas and a comparison of experiments, which institutions, like yours, are particularly intended to bring together. Yuu have here siircnd out the means of judging what implements of Agriculture, what modes or cultivation, ore best adapted to produce any desired result; and tho study of theso makes tho education of tho Fanner. This is to be done by individuals and by individual associations. But there aro other things in Agriculture, as in other interests of Society, which need the aid of Government. It would he strange if it were otherwise strange, in deed, it government, tlie collected agency ol the whole people, should find employment with regard lo other things, and yet bo discharged from all duty with regard to that elementary, that indispcusible interest, tho cultivation of fields. There aro interests of Agriculture too large and distant for individuals to govern and regulate. These Government must attend to. What aro they? I rilmll not go through them all, because it does not become me, and because 1 am not about to read lectures to Government in general, or to our Government in particular. Cheers nnd laughter. But there ure things which individuals cannot do for themselves and which, therefore, arc the very objects which it is the duty of Government to do lur them. So is in other respects. If an individual cannot protect himself against awnult and violence, the Government must protect him. If individuals cannot open for themselves a market, Government must do it for them the general agency of society must bo called in. The wliolc theory of government, if we separate it from divine right, if wc consider it as exiting for the good of tho governed, implies that Government is to do for individuals what individuals cannot do for themselves Now there aro thin its which individuals cannot do for themselves, for they require the contributions of many; they require arrangement system, regulation, assess. uents, administration. And what are they? . 11 11 e nt P,Me 80 ,iir' I0 .l Vn "P. no 1 '"'"') f 'be interest ot Agriculture is con corned, its first demind on Government is, after that r rotection, (1 do not use the word in a political sense) after that protection of the law which sceurea to every man tlie earnings ot his own labor after this tho duty to Agriculture, is lo give an easy transmission of Its products to the place of sate ami con-sumption; hocause, in our climate in am climate human life, if we carry our ideas beyond mere necessity, calls for things, the products of other climates, the fruits of the labor of other persona in other parts of the world; and therefore there is always a necessity for commercial exchange, for disposing of the surplus productions of ono climate for those of another, and thus tn become possessed ot what are commonly regarded as the luxuries of life, but which are iu comforts, and which are the products of the labor of different quarters. Therefore ono groat ob ject and duty of government is to see lhat tho pro ducts ol ttie farmer may be easily and speedily transported lo the pi ice of consumption or sale. I need not say, gentleman, that you in Western N. York, aro a striking, and I doubt not a grateful example of tho oxcellcnt system of laws and policy which has prevailed in your Staie, and given you an easy transmission for the products of your rich soil and industrious labor to a plnco of sale or consumption, (cheers.) Who is there hero now lhat does not leel tho beneficence, tho wisdom, the patriotism of Clinton and othor projectors of vour vast internal improvements! (Loud cheers.) l'arty violence or pirty injustice may dim for a time, and prrjndice may in juro, and malignity may rail; but there cannot be, I am sure there is not an honest man in all Western New York, on whoso hoart the memory of Clinton is not indelibly engraved! (hnthiisntt)c applause and cheers;) Gentlemen, in this renpect your position ennobles you beyond anything on the face of the oarth. Now York city has been brought very near your doors. Tho grent Emporium of this great continent lies close before you. You are rich in your home market a market of purchase and of sate. All iNcw )orK is at your leeu lou can deal with her as if yuu lived iu one of her wards I mean tor all tho purM)sea ot commerce. And. irentleinen, if I miffht contemplate a cnndi tion of society in which, with regard to I he discharge of all great duties, nothing w as left lo he desired, I should look at Western New York with her favored climate and furlilo fields, with thoso improvement i she h is completed and those others which sho con templates, iw an object of hit ere! not only to all llio Slates of this great Union, but tn the feelings and hopts and highest aspirulioiH of every man. As an American, with prido would I look upon these great works commenced, completed, and to he completed. ail oxistinff in tuliuss and perfection that tho world may sec what a Republican government wjno in its councils, and liberal in i's policy, can do for the advancement of the great interests of Nooiety, (Cheers.) Gentlemen, tho farmers of New York havo no just reason to envy those, who livo amid the coffee fields, the sugar canes, tho orange groves. tho palm trees, and cocoas, and tho pinr-applei of the tropics f ar otherwise, ins wneni neiils, hm grass fields, his herds and flocks, and his forest aro infinitely richer. Gentlemen, fhero another grent object which properly falls to ihe euro of government, of interest to all tillers of tho land who have an easy and cheap transmission to market: it is of course, ihe rrittrnct of such uwkets. There must be markets of sale, of consumption. i hy will a man toil to till his grnn ones and cellars beyond mo wants ol hislunnly, tin- leas somebody will buy the surplus which he has t sell, and by means of which, therefore, he may bo able to buy elsewhere what he cannot raise on his own farm i A mnrkei, inemore, a market ol con sumption, is a pirn mount object to all agricultural ists, who cultivulo rich s-uls, beneath the kindly skies and a warming sun, and who raiso more than it necessary in order to tho anstentation of life. It it absolutely indispensable. I do not aay that it if entirely within the control oi government 1 know that it is not There are many considerations which affect tho market, such as tho policy of other nations, the cmirso of trade, tho condition of Society and a thousand other causes which modify all gov-eminent Looking only at the question as a political question (and God forbid thnt ! should use tlie word "political" in a party sense) it is certainly a matter ot 1 1 ue resting inquiry wncro mo surplus productions of labor shall find a sale. This is a matter for government in an enlarged political, philosophic, and I may say, philanthropic, consideration of its duties. A good government seeks to promote tho interest of all citizens, ol all vocations, I hnvo said that to this object a marht is nccesttary. What is it to you that your fields hero in the Gcnessoe Valley abound in tho richest wheat I believe, on tho fire of the earth what is it to you, beyond Uio consumption of your own households, u mere is no demand, no market for it ? Tho meana of transportation tnav exist but at the end of all must also be a market How is this to bo had ? Without to-niiHit enter iiiff u pin any debatoablo ground of politics, mum anyllung that doci not pariuko of elementary truth and I say it under the conviction that U is a matter of elementary truth to which every true American citizen who will not give way to names', but thinks that there is something in things, 1 aay that it is in the powor of Government, that it is the duty of Government, to a considerable extent, to take can that there should be a demand Jor agricultural products. (Cheers.) I am not about, gentlemen, to enter upon the question the debateable subject of a Protec tive Turin, to any consiueraoie extern, out i, nevertheless, do say at least I do think and why mould I kot say it? (Cheers and erica oi 'say it,' out with it' 'no on.' I do say, eentlemen, that tho Agriculture of this Country is the matter whichde- mands Protection. It is a misnomer to talk about tho Protection of Manufactures; that is not the thing we want or need: it is tho Protection of the Jouwtrt! (Repeated chcen.l It is a furnishing to the surplus productions of that Agriculture a mar- Ket a near market, a home market a large market: (Cheers and cries of 'that's "that's what wo want') why, gentlemen, many of my friends and neighbors in my own State have invested their capital in Manufactures. Of course they desire employment in this branch of industry. But suppose they do not get it: cannot they turn their capital into other channels, into a thou so nd other pursuits to-morrow' Are they shut out from all other ways of living? Do you suppose that the Protection of this interest is as important to them as it is to you? Is it as essential, as absolutely necessary to their interests as to tours? nut oy ten thousand times! You want a market for your productions. You want consumers. You want open mouths and unclad bodies to eat and drink and wear the surplus productions you havo pro vided lor them! You want a home market, a steady demand for your Agricultural products. And this is, and must be, furnished by the Commercial classes, tho seafaring classes, and all other classes ofnon-producers. Now, gentlemen, certainly admit thai those 1 who have invested their capital in Manufactures have a great interest at stake, and it is just that they should have secured by law a respectable protection to that interest But I do also insist, in spite II the sophistry and all the folly (as I must call t) of this aze and this ago is full of sophistry and folly on this subject, that the greut thing to bo looked for is that we havo at homo a demand for tho sur plus products of our Agriculture, and, on the other side, a home demand for tho products of Munufuc- luring industry. (Cheers.) This neighborly ox-1 change it is, this neighborly intercourse anion - our-1 solves this supplying our own wants from city to city, from village to village, from house to house, tins, this it is which is calculated to make us a happy and a strong people. (Enthusiastic applause.) Now, there is on this subject, especially among our brethren at the South, a strungo inmtualion, I hoy aro respcctablo men reasonable men candid men, in somo respects in mod respects ; and you see how they reason upon this subject Gentle men, I belong to Massachusetts. (Applause. Cries of 'Good,' and three deafening chocrs for Massachu setts !) 1 have taken the pains to inquire what sums of money Massachusetts pnys to Virginia and Carolina, to say nothing of New York, every year for their agricultural products : and it amounts to several millions. If wo tike theenstern part of Virginia and the Eastern part of North Carolina, what have they for sale but agricultural products purchased by tho manufacturing and commercial classes of New hugland.' Nothing on the face ot (he earth and we pay them many millions. We are their only customer. Docs England tako their groin? Co.-tuiuly not: yet owing to causes which it would be easy to explain if it were proper, owing to prejudice, owing to their peculiar notions fir notions are quite as common there as in IMcw rmgland, though New England is the 'land of notions!' (Laughter and cheers) there is a perfect reprobation of any idea ol protection giving them any sale for their agricultural products, although they find, day by day, that wo buy and pay them for their products by manufacturers ot the iNonh and it is the only Hung they get a dollar for; and are ready to drivo us into raising Corn and nil other agricultural products for mrsclvcs they being agricultural, and finding the article continually becoming cheaper, and no per sons except us to buy of them! (Cheers.) Now that's a strong case though perfectly true of Eastern Vir ginia and ot North Carolina. Why, gentlemen, I live on the sandy sea shore of Massachusetts, and I get along as well as I can. I am a very poor fanner upon a great quantity oi very poor laud, lint my neighbors and i, by very great care I hardly kno hnw continue to live on. Wo pay for what we purchase though for my lifo I could hardly tell how this only I know, they all get paid in some inty. Aim yet these men complain that we do not raise what we want ourselves but buy of them! There seems to be much truth man old saying, that 'Max ims which havo a seeming sense tako tinner hold, and endure longer in tho mind, than thoso which are minded on nature and experience.' Men ike dog mas ; they like theory. If they can pick up or acrac together a string of apophthegms or enigmas the met and truth and all the human talent in the world can never arguo them out of them. Emu I delusions prevail in otfier parts of the country, as, for instance tho notion that Protection to manufacture is a thing peculiarly beneficial to thoso engaged in lfno pur-i suits. Far from it As I havo said, the capital of Massachusetts can goto commerce, or can go to farm ing. But what can ho do, whose farm la his sole estate, but tilt it? Can bo transport it or go into other pursuits ? The fact is, Protection to this class ot society is next to tho bcnehccnco of heaven. whoso sun shines and whfe rains full upon us, the Highest object tho most ausnluto necessity to those wlm cuttivato the land, and raise from it more than st i Hie os for tho wanta of themselves and their fami lies. (Cheers.) Now, gentlemen, wo are American. Wo havo a vast country, a variety of climate, and various pur suits. We havo agricultural Stales; and wo have plantation States. W have manufacturing interests and commercial interests. And our business is not to array our various interests into a belligerent and hostile stato, not to inflame our own passions or the passions of others concerning tho measures of government for protection of particular interests; but let us make the whole a great national, I may any a omtu concern. Wo should aim not to pro duce tho impression that one interest is set against another, but that we all go for thoso laws and measures which will bo most conducive to tho general good. We should remember that wo aro ciluens of tho United States that as such wo are interest ed in tho United States and in every Hlute lhat we are interested in the concerns of all classes and of every clasi; and I do firmly believo that mode raliuii, and wisdom, and perseverance, and truth, and reason will ultimately prevail overall (ho influences which seem to scparalo the interests of ono clasa from thoso of another. Why, what I have said in relation to tho necessities or wants of Agriculture is strictly true with regard to our brethren of the South engaged in tho Plantation interest. The first market fur their cotton, and the best market is with tho Northern and New England manufacturer of that article, and it is absolutely astonishing that thin ia not perceived. Tho North takes one-third of their cotton, and that tho first third, and fixes the price; it is sold with small charge for freight and still brings a high price. And I say it is absoluh ly astonishing that thoso whoso living depends on the production and sale of this article should not see tn what an extent it depends uun thecousumption and manufacture of tho article in our own country, Theso truths theso elements of political economy are as true on tho J nines River am) in Alabama as here; and let popular prejudice become informed and kind feeling mark all discussions of thesulijert, and wo shall come to see how much our happiness and honor depend upon a freo and just and liberal in-tcrcourso among ourselves. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, I am too long in troubling you with theso remarks. (Cheoraof, goon.) I believe ihoy arc founded in truth. I wish for everything which will promote th union of tho American family. I wish for tho prevalence of overylhmg which shall make every man, from Mai no to Georgia, feel that his interests are clearly bound up with those of evory other man from Maine to Georgia. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, may I say. (turning to the President) fivo words about myself? (Cheers and shouts of 'yes. fifty or fivo hundred. ) It was under tho full conviction of these truths, that, meeting a lew months ago aomo intelligent friends from lUlliinore, I alluded to our commercial relations a subject to which I had devoted for two years the most anxious and painful labors of my life. (Some ono cried out, Three cheers for tho Treaty,' and they were ae-cordingly given with great enthusiasm.) I assure you, gentlemen, that although friendly to all treaties of peace, nothing waa farther from my mind at this moment than tho treaty recently concluded with Great Britain. ! mean our commercial relations; and if tho time shall ever como when wo ran for a little while forget our parties, and to attend to things instead of names if tho time ahull ever arrive when there shall be a oiuintat partjr iu the country which 1 have a hope may aomolim happen God know i (cheers and laughter) we shall find that tho subject of our commercial relations as tliey havo tor auvural yeart put existed, and us they now exist, is highly interesting and of the utmost importance toovery citizen of the country. But I propose only to aay now, that having occasion, I spoke at uuuimoro on me enecioi an arrangement entered into very unfortunately many years ago, to tlie great detriment of our navigation interest, as is now fully shown by the great progress which foreign shipping is muking upon the shipping of the United Slates. It is most true that under existing acts the shipping of some of Uio small Northern States of Europe are thrusting themselves into branches of our trade to which they havo no natural right, and would be encroaching upon our coasting trade were they not prevented by the absolute prohibition of law. I will only say to illustrate the matter, that between the great markets of the United States and the empire of'Brazil, where our commercial intercourse was most extensive, the nations of tho North of Europe, Hamburg, Bremen, &c, under Reciprocity Treaties, as they are called, though there is any thing but reciprocity in them, carry on the trade to the exclusion of our own vessels. Iu this way, under treaty stipu lations, our trade is drawn from us, and we submit and I have found it quite impossible to raise tlie country up to a sense of this great injury. I said at Baltimore, that the time was coming; and perhaps now is, when, with regard to the great matter of commercial stipulations, some advisable arrange ment might be made between us and some ol the great states of Europe. think to now. I do not retract at all. I am confident of its truth, and un less I mistake, recent events givo it additional evidence.What I said was this: England excludes most of our agricultural productions her Corn Laws exclude them; yet she is anxious to extend tlie intercourse between herself and us. The great power of steam has extinguished distance. England lies close to Now York. Twelve or thirteen days only make tho communication. And it is of no consequence whether by some sudden revolution of nature or by some decree of Providence the distance between different countries becomes less, or whether by the ingenuity oi man the means ol transmission and intercourse aro increased because we measure things by time. England is not more than half as distant from us, for every purpose of international intercourse as she was thirty years ago. Well, then, the countries are tying sido by side. How shall we deal with her and with the other great Commercial States of Europe? Are we to proceed on the principal of reprisals of hostile or retaliatory legislation? That has been tried with regard to tho tonnage of tho United States. Wo made provisions in favor of our tonnage in carrying on our commerce with England. England made retaliatory provisions to favor her tonnage, and so we came to carry ono way and she the other. So fur as the direct trade is concerned, wo have no complaint to make. It furnishes an example of equality, and proves the danger of fully of retaliatory stipulations. I said to my friends in Baltimore that I believed the time was coming when some ar rangement might bo mado between England and us. I took especial care to say this must be e (Tec ted by Congress on this side, and by Psrliamcnton the oth erby conditional enactments, as the condition of the trade between the United States and the West India Islands, has been since lii Congress said to England, "if you will do so, we will do so; if you will pass such laws we will pass such other laws." Tho negotiations were carried on in England by Mr. iilcbano under ucn. Jackson on this side, and farl Grey on the other. It was accepted by Congress, who passed the necessary laws on our part and England on hers. It happened that we made a bad bargain that time: but this is a matter to be considered ; 1 only cite this as authority for treating upon this subject by condi tional legislation, and in what 1 said at Baltimore I intended faithfully to declare that I did not desire that the arrangement should be made by (he treaty making power, the President and Senate, to the exclusion of the more popular branch of Congress; but that it was to be done by Congress and Congressional legislation and acta of Parliament And in tlie faco of that (I suppose I expressed myself obscurely, though that is a fault I cannot help.) in the luce ot that there were men whose sense ot justice and whose love of truth did not restrain them from saying that Mr. Webster was in favor of putting the wholo matter under the treating muking power to be settled, under John Tyler and his administration ! ILhcers.J No! gentlemen, no, no! I do not and will not answer what an inflamed party press mar say, unless I find that they greatly misrepresent mat ters seriously aiiectmg my character and usefulness as a public man which I have ceased to be; yet I am wilting, when a suitable occasion offers, to exhibit the truth as it is, and to placo myself, as I wished to be placed, before tlie judgment of my fellow ci lite na. Cheers. And now, gentlemen, I say that in the present state of Uie world, living in peace, and having now lived in peace for a long period of time, 1 think, than has ever happened before for when has there been a time of a longer duration of peace among tho powers of Europe ? and living at a time when the spirit of peace prevails, we nmy well to call to mind tho words of the Poet who says that Vur is a game, which, if the pcoplo wore wise, kings would not play at" Thank God! the people art who; and unless in a clear question of national honor or national interests (he pcoplo will not have war, for the will of crowned heads must yield to the happine of the people themselves. Cheers. Now, gentlemen, I say that in the state of things, it is our duty to look carefully, wisely, but in a spirit of conciliation towards all nations connected with us to comparo notes,1 aa we say, to seo in what our interests are identical, to give up nothing, nothing, sotiiino essential to the protection of our industry and the return for the labor am) work of our own hands. But let us consider what may be done to bring about these results either by mutual legislation or by some more formal arrangement I believe in tho practicability of tliia: it may not be in my time, but it is sure to happen, it is surr to happen. Tho spirit of Christianity tho spirit of our own example in Liberty and Independence, ia bringing it on. America sets back upon Europe, and this re-action ia tremendous. 1 sny tremendous, it is fearful ; but only to those who wish to uphold the old monarchies and dominions of Europe ; it ia not tremendous but grateful, aeceptible, glorious to (he great mass of Europe, who believo (hat government is to somo extent tho offspring of general con sent, and that man, avm, the pcoplo are entitled to have a direct, powerful and controlling agency in its organization. I know, gentlemen, that these sentiments will prevail, at least I believe it I believo it I believe that the interest of peace and virtue, that tho great body of conscientious men in all countries havo in tome degreo come to control Uie government lo aay to il "Thus far shall thou come, but no farther, and hero shall thy proud waves be stayed !" Cheers. And I think I aco this, gentlemen, in everything and ovorywhere. I havo evidence of it in the cautious policy of England cautious, cautious, but yielding lo the overpowering necessity of tho case, y ielding to tho overpowering dominion of public sentiment I would not here, or any where else, venture to discuss ihe policy of foreign countriea, and 1 abstain. leave l hem, aa I hope they will leave us, to look aftor their own interests, we pursuing oura, Yot there can be no question that the spirit of freo enquiry ia abroad all ovor Uie earth. And this isrighlj it is as it should be in a Christian age, and in an ago unrivalled in knowledge and intelligence, among tho groat masses of society. Now, gentltmcn, I'm growing ganiloua, choera and cries of go on, and will bring my remarks to a conclusion. 1 have tho happiness to believe that the tendencies of things are to promote new efforts. 1 believe that the policy of England ia and has been and will be more and more towards a more and more liberal intercourse, an intercourse favorable lo our great interests, to all (he interests of tho North and South. It ia most certain that wnhin a few month a now and great change has boon produced in our intercourse with England, a very great chango. Articles produced in your State are yearly becoming more and more introduced provisions finding a market in Europe 1 In (be last six months quite a now trade has sprung up between us and England in tlis articlo ol provision, While I waa in New York I took occasion to inquire of some practical merchants and valued friends how tho matter was; and they said, quite to my astonishment that cargoes of lard, butter, cheese, beef, pork, oxc, wore shipped to England every day, and that a vossc) of the largest class, wiihm twenty daya, had left New York, loaded entirely with the article of provisions, to the exclusion, aa it happened in that case, though I do not mention il aa a matter of triumph, of a aingle pound of cotton or tobacco. This is quite a new trade aa every body know. Who ever thought, eightren months ago, that a Urge cargo, entirely of provision, would go to a Ixmdon market Who does not rejoice and feel (he beneficent influence of this upon both nation. Tho people of England aro better fed the agriculture of New York is bettor encouraged, and tho interests of both aro better promotedGentlemen, I will proceed no farther, I aay tho timo has come when we must attend lo things, things Tin us. 1 aay Ui liura haa arrived when wo must give up tlie enchantment of names and attend to tho g eat interests or commerce and agriculture when nun must bo sunk and I am willing to sink, and it will be no great sinking either! Laughter when things must be regarded, measures regarded, and names aisrcgaraea; ami inougn i am not one to givo p opinions lightly and without occasion, the time has arrived for practical measures ; when we must attend to things which belong, I had almost said, to our peace if it did not appear in some ort profane to apply to ordinary affairs, words made sacred by a higher moaning; but I will say to things which belong to our interest Wo must bo practical we must look at things we must see the results of measures and the bearing of everything that relotes to tho interests of all classes of . people in the United States. For, gentlemen, we may bo sure that, how-over local interests may prevail, however local feelings may prevail, we shall all, when we approach tho close of life, regard everything with satisfaction which wo have done under tho impulse of a largo, a broad American foeling; repeated cheers and we shall look with regret on everything contracted, or personal or local winch the interest of individuals may have led us to cherish in our hearts. Cheers. Let us remember, then, gentlemen, that our interests are the common interests of the United States. Let in remember that there is not a man in the Union, from the Atlantic to tlie Rocky Mountains, from Maine to Mississippi, in whose interests and welfare and political rights wo are not concerned. Let us havo souls and hearts and minds big enough to embrace the great Empire which Gud has given us ; (cheers) and while conscious that beneath his benignant rule we enjoy distinguished blessings, religious and civil and social, such as have been showered upon no other men on Uie face of the Earth, let us go boldly on determined, now and forever, living and dying, to be fully American, American altogether! Mr. Webster sat down amid tho reiterated and deafening applause of all present. COFFEE. An article of daily consumption in this, and almost every country, like coffee, is worth at times a passing notice. We havo scarcely ever nlliulnl tn lit um io imorm our reoucrs what its price is except when our political adversaries raised the hue and cry against William C. Dawson for voting, as they said, to tax it And, as we have good reasons to believo that they are heartily ashamed of themselves for their conduct, it ia scarcely possible, that we ahull ever hove to write a political coffee article again. The bitter beverage, so well liked bv ourRrlvpa nn.l all whom we know, and so generally used in evnrv civilized country, was first introduced into France, so says an old work by an embassador from Uio Por- w, iikiuum ilia atateu tin Turkish Ambassador m an uiuii mi vxiuuuiug poiiieness, wit, and gallun-try ; and that notwithstanding ho had so many wives m nonie, no was a great lavorile with tho leading fashionable women of Paris. When visited by them, ho gave them coffee to drink, and for politeness sake, the black and bitter bverage was drank, when a taste was acquired for it among the lady nobility of Paris, which soon extended itself to all classes. It was in H)7(i that Coffee Houses wero first established in raris. ai tins period, intemperanco prevailed a-mong tho French to a fearful extent Even nmnnrr tlie higher classes, it was common for parties of both nuiu? ana genuemen, to visit public places, for tho express purpose of drinking themselves to drunkenness. Louis XIV in vain exerted himself to put down this practice. But "hat he, with all his power, failed to effect, the Coffee Houses auccceded in. uio Kiooort, or drinking houses, were deserted by men of rank and letters Uio CofTeo Houses become the place of iheir resort, and very Boon their examplo imiinii-u vy men ui an ciusses. ihus did Coffee achieve a victory over a vicious practice, and. lo a very great extent save tho French population from that degradotion to which they were fast hurrying. Well may they thank the man of many wives for introducing Coffee to their notice. Since that time the MSG of Coflbfl lilt, snrrt.rl Ml ovor Uio land. Tho Knglish soon become consumers of it, and it is now one of the moot important articlea in Commerce that we know of. lis rise in price frequently make one rich ; and its fall, frequently reduces lo bcZrnry. Improvement in making it to drink, have been soRrcnt, ihut, wlirn well prepared, it loses all lhat was disagreeable when the Turkish Ambassador first gavo it to the French Ladies. And it consumption is now so (Trent, tint from the latest nccounls, in Kuropc, 1,W,0tKJ,000 of pound aro annually consumed. What is consumed in America we know not, but as it is used moro or lea in every family, the consumption must be very largo fall inir very little short of Uie above. Heavt Mu The largest person ever known in IrtMAnH. with nnrli.lM Ilia avnni:.. e , lu w, , ,p ma. coule, the celebrated Irish giant, was Roger Byrne, who resided in Ossory, and waa buried on the i;)ih of May, 17&7, in the churchyard of Kusennallis, in iucon' county. The coflin and its content weigh-ed fivo hundred and seventy-eight pounds. It waa borne on a very long bier by thirty strong men, who were relieved at intervals. Roger Byrne died of no oUier disease than luffocstion, occasioned by a su- I mi, wmcn sioppca tncpiavot hi imir. .l n.it M,in.l n I.:. i:rV .1 f ...Bt ,,, i,iIViiu iii. niu iii uie iiiiy-iourin year of hisage. IIo wasone hundred pounds heavier Uian the noted Bright, of Maiden, in Kngland, who weighed four hundred and silly pounds and within the circumference of whose waistcoat seven of the largost men in that town could be enclosed without constraint, and one hundred and eighty pounds lighter linn Daniel Lambert, who died in 1M0U, and weighed seven hundred and thirty-nine pound. We believo that the heaviest man ever known in Now Kngland wu Caleb Towlo, an industrious, wealthy, and respectable citiien of Centre Harbor, New Hampshire, who died in IttM, from n etraor-dinary increan of flesh. Though short of fivo feet ton inche high, lie weighed fin hundred and fifteen poumlt '.Baton Journal. Tn Jaws in ma U.iitf.d SriTca The Saint Loui Organ lay i "As the number of Jew is greatly increasing in our midst, it may not ba altogether uninteresting lo learn something concerning their number. The greatest concentration of Jews cxisM in the Russian dominions, where, according to Uio Istest estimate, they amount to 1,700.000, about one-fourth of the Jewish population of Ihe whole world j in France there are ll,"i,000i in Ureal Britain ;t0,-000, two-thirds of which are found in London. Tlie number or Jews in tho Holy Lsnd amounts to 40,-000. The Jew in tins country are estimated at 50,-000, the great mass of which may be found in the Atlantic citie. There ro aix synagogue in Now York, three in Philadelphia, and others in Charles-Ion, Baltimore and Savannah. In Cincinnati the Jewish populrtion is very numerous, so also in Clove-land, whero Uicre are two synagogue, (iermany and Poland aro the countrio which eiercise Uie in-tluence over Uio devclnpcmcnt of Uie religious view ol the Jaw of the present day. Tits Mormon PaoriiKT auain A gentleman from Nauvon inform, m Ih.l Ja M.:.k I (iov. Ford for authority to defend himself bv milita- . .urr.ni auacs oi tne Missouri-ana, It is well understood that Joe apprehends na men nttatlt. and lhat bis makim. il.i. .,. .- for Uio purpose, if granted, of warring upon our cit-isens, Uian upon Uiose of Misaouri. Jo doubtless understands what his contract with (iov. Ford was, in Iraimferrinir llm t..r,n.. 11 j . . ", i niK"i aim ll l reasonable to suppose that his call upon Uie Govorn- . . ' aul"'y "I" o niaue in vain. .ilton (III.) Tell. Jail Dn ivmr On U'o.lnj... ..: Husk, the prisoner in our county jail, su in number, escapedlfrom their cells. Two of them were re-ta. ..., ami lour, mciuiling lioodhnk, Uie fellow who robbed Ilarshman'a store, are slill al large. The two who wore taken, wnni rutin in imn. nJ e course unable to make any headway. The other ..... .,. u nouuie. now iney managed it, i nut known wo behove. Montgomery jail ia lucky place for rascals. Home how or other Uicy linn t stav there lontr ennunh tn hm r... ii.i. - n n" " " wiw imi luvit ollcnce. Miyhm Journal1, .Sryil, J!, Th WtsarsrniT.T,Mi.n.. r i. n , . .....nr-n. i-,'iii carter, since his acomll.l nn Il,n l.u.. r l:.. t i ' -- i---- -.... t..nlu iiiuiuuring jnun I asmcr, haa been ordered to givo bail on each of the ....rcr iiinw inuicimoni, tor murder of Mr. Parke, Mr. Caatnor, and Ihe child, .'KKXI, and on that for asasulting the boy, Jesso Force, wilh entent to kill, Mlllflll. L.- .hNuul : .11 m .. . . 1 r..", iiinniiig iiii,in m an. ino Newark Daily Advertiser, says he will probably be tried on one of Uie throe niunlcr indictmcnui at 'the November lonn. Wo lenrn that N.-riiiNirt. n.rt-w. !. muV ed Ihe appointment of Postmaster of (hi city pic uicoaos: wu. (ioanoi, who goe Consul to Rio Ja. neiro, Tho appointment ia to Uie effect on the ISili uisianu Th IWO men ennwiflnd nf lk. n,i,r. nf M. ri- sey, at Jursey ci'y, have been entenced Ui two year "T' inimiii ; : i i ii any wonuer mat VKIciut, stalk through Uie laud?

,Y 0 J2JJ0JHJLJ VOLUME XXXIV. COLUMBUS, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1843. NUMBER 7. JO RNAL w TO STATE PUULISIIKU EVERY WEDNESDAY, BV CIIAKI.ES SCOTT. OfliM corner of High nu To" straits, Bulllci' Building, ' TERMS. Tnnr.1 Dou.R rrn absum, which may be iliicliarr-eil by llic payment of Two Dollar, and Fifty Ccnli in advance, al Ihc ollice. . " . , The Journal is also published daily durine Ihe .anion of llie U'giilulure and Ihricc a week llio remainder of Ihe year, for g! i and Ihrec lime, a week, yearly, frr $. THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 12,1843. OLD FRANKLIN ERECT! The following i tlie result of the election in this county on Tuesday. Tho official roturm may vary the vote somewhat but cannot change tho result. for Cottgrtu. Josoph Ridgway, (Whig,) - . 2454 lleman A. Moore, (Loco,) - - I'M 45!) niaj. 2)45 ami) 2051 2078 212 ma 2108 107 maj. 2ai5 174U 480 maj. 2210 2205 Jtepruentaliva. Samuel Paraons,IWhig,) Cornelius Cruuii (Whig,)-Win. 8. Ficklin, (Loco,) Adiu G. Hibbs, (Loco,) - - - Average maj. for Representatives, Sheriff. Win. Dnmigan, (Whip-,) Joseph Hunter, (Loco,) Auditor, Fred. Colo, (Loco,) John A.Lazoll,(Whig,) Treasurer. Joseph McElvnin, (Loco,) Joseph Lciby, ( Whig,) 11 maj. Tho Whig Candidates for Recorder, Commission-craud Poor House Director are elected. Tho Locos have carried their Coroner by something liko 100 majority. 1 It will bo seen by the above, the Whigs have nobly sustained their candidates for Congress, Representatives and Sheriff. In 1842,Corwin'a majority for Governor in Frank lin county wns 304, being a Whig gain, as compa red with Mr. Ridgway'a vote of 145. From die Newark (Jnrette F.ilra, Wednesday, 1 o'clock I' M LICKING COUNTY 13 REDEEMED! 1 Wo have the extreme gratification of announcing to tho Whigs of Ohio, that tho independent Whigs of Licking, have triumphed at last and triumphed gloriously ! The "Court House Family" havo fullcn their death knell is now ringing in our ears ! 1 ho cor rupt Junto in Licking, which has so long ruled in tho county, and pilfered and plundered nor treasury, havo passed away roHRvr.n ! A thousand cheers for tho Whigs of Licking!! All the townships aro now in but fivo, which will increase the Whig majority. It will be soon by the following returns that Riilgwny leads Mooro about 150 votes. Duncan and White, the Whig Kcpre' cntatives, arc elected over Morgan and Rosecrans, by from 200 tollOO majority, and the entire Independent Tickot is elected throughout. LATER Since tho above extra was received, news has come in that the fivo townships have in' creased Ridgway'a majority to 300! - In 1M42, Shannon's majority in Licking was 730. KNOX COUNTY. By a slip just received from tho (ML Vernon) Ban- Mr office, wo learn Out Moore majority lor congress is 7 15, which will probably securo his election. Tho whole Locofoco ticket in Knox is elected. P. 8. Since tho abovo waa in type we learn that Moore' majority is 811. FLORENCE ELECTED MAJORITY COO! Wc have received sufficient returns from all the counties in tho District. Florcnco is elected to Con gross by a majority of about 4l3 thus: Florence's maiorilv in Pickaway, Ml do. do. Fayotte, 3H1 Majority M'i Modill's majority in Fairfield, 342 Florence's majority, COO The official returns will not greatly vary from tho above. The Whig members of the Legislature elected from Fayclto District, and from Pickaway county. CLARK AND ClIAMI'AIGM. Vance's majority for Congress in Champaign, Clark, 500 m WARREN, MONTGOMERY, AND GREENE Dy the Western Mail wo luarn that Schonck's majority for Congress is in Warren county, - "O Montgomery - f-J Greene, - Cpj ThoonlireWlugticketin Warren county is elected I'REULE COUNTY. We have nothing definite from Preble. There are reports that shu In given Campbell from 800 to 000 over Wi-llor. SHELBY COUNTY 100 GUNS FOR SHELBY ! An express from Shelby, brings tho granting intelligence that Die Whig ticket has beei. elected by a majority of about 70 votes. This is a great, a magnificent triumph. Every township hoard from. ROSS COUNTY. By an endorsement on tho way bill from CliiUicollio, we loam that the majorities fur the Whigcandidate so far, are as follows) Vanmclcr, fur Congress, Crouso, " Senate, Clajpool, House, Kshlcr, " 810 to 830 1150 to 1000 IK.I0 to 050 550 550 Acker, Two townships in Ross only to bo heard from. HOCKING COUNTY! A correspondent inform us that Lucas' majority in this county over Vanmeter for Congress, is only 478 and Nelson's over Kaliler, for the House, 3ti and the probability is that Kshlcr will gain 20 or 30 vole. If so, Rom having given 550 majority, it will probably secure his election. The I-oco Convention candiJate for Sheriff in Mucking is beaten. OLD MORGAN IS ItKDEEMED. Dr. Johnson's majority for Congress, in this county, is about TWO HUNDRED! Gline's majority over Clark, for Representative, will be about One Hundred and Mnnlyft! Crawford over Duel, about one kumlrtd and fftu .' Daviks, for Senator, w ill have from one aunoWii and thirty, lo one hundnd and orfy There is a probability that we havo elected our Trentum-, and but little doubt of the buccpm of our Commissioner and Coronor ! Sheriff and Prosecuting Attorney we loso, the former by about fifty majority ! ( Nine cheers for Morgan I We have given a alight token of what we can do, when our opponents make an issue fairly. Bank or no Hank ! The traight-outa have done nobly, and desorve great praise. We have a rumour from Dearfield township, Perry Co, that 11 ha only give 87 against us for Con-grew. We do not know whether it can be relied upon or not. - JEFFERSON AND CARROLL. The Whig Senator and Representatives re elected in tin district by a majority ranging from 50 to 180, McCauslin is elected to Congress. HARRISON AND BELMONT. Harrison ha given the Whig ticket a majority of 150. Belmont ha given the Locofoco ticket a majority of about 200. FINANCIERING. It appears that Auditor Brough, ha been seized with a very laudable fit of patriotic regard for the credit of the State, as connected with the character and conduct of tho Fund Commissioners; and for which he is certainly entitled to due praise. We ya fit; because taken in that connexion, the sud denness of tho attack, and the intensity of the operation, renders it somewhat reinarkablo. It ho generally been considered that a genuine devotion to the public interests will be the same, let who will admin ister the government That Rome is by none the lea Rome, because of Cajsar's overcoming Pompey. Taking this view of the matter, it may De somewhat difficult for one not initiated into the mystery of modern patriotism, to perceive tho reason, why all the wrath of tho Auditor should be rcsorved for the State Journal. Every body knows, that for the .two last entire years, the attacks of the Statesman, the confidential organ and bosom friend of the Auditor constituted more than half their political capital, nnd that too, when the danger was not a failure to pay contractors, but the intereat on the funded debt. Whero then slept tho indignant thunder of tho Aud itor's eloquence ? There woe then no rebuke heard from that quarter ; and for the plain reason that it these attacks were not by hi procurement, they were by his concurrence. That fact is tendered certain by the circumstance of the Statesman threatening to publish a certain much boasted letter, which it professed to have, and which no one out tlie Auditor could have furnished, and which tho Statesman bantered the Journal to ask for, and it should be forth coming. This letter it appeared was a part of a correspondenco between the Auditor and the Fund Commissioners, protesting against giving con sent to anticipating the revenue of the present year, then in the hands of County Treasurers, for the pay- mcnt of tho last January interest, and which mea sure, it wo suggested, would in all probability place Ohio in the list of non-paying States. That was then all legitimate:. Thoso who had charge of the fiscal concerns of the Stato wore Cor- win's much-abused Fund Commissioners ; and should the Stato fail to pay her inlorest, it would only call forth another execration from tho parly, and Auditor Brough could plume himself upon the superior ability di.phiycd in his protest, and greet himself upon the political result of the State's misfortunes. Upon the subject of his financial operations, it is not necessary further to remark. It is now known that par in New York means 14 per cent, off; and if tho tax-payers and contractor arc content that 22,- W0 shall be put into the hands of Fund-mongers, bo it even no. The Auditor proclaim that he will have no con troversy "with tlie Stato Journal on the subject of tho Ohio loan." With this also the Journal is content; but it must bo permitted to remark that it might hnvo been well for him to have settled that matter before he made his gratuitous attack. It is, however, perfectly consistent with the exalted sentiments of that functionary, and accords adinirubly with his notions of gentlemanly controversy on a given point, to avail himself of the high notions entertained by some of the elito of Wall street, who can invite a private correspondence, for the purpose of betraying tho confidence thus implied, and put-ling it into tho hands of one who will sneakingly smuggle it into the column of tlie Statesman to divert public attention. The State Journal can have nothing to do with the private sentiments of its former editor, thua disreputably obtained ; it doc nut belong to the subject It loathes and abhora tho meanness that could stoop to such a course to get possession of, and make pub lie such irrclcvaant matter, and would shun them aa it would the degraded evea-droppcr. BASE LIBEL ON TUB WHIGS OF COLUMBUS.The Statesman says in a alip issued to-day, that "night came, and the flame of tho old caska and store boxes went up to the dark and lowering clouds that hung over tho sceno below, while many good temperance men total abstinence men trrre n druri At corn." Just an, Mr. Stato Printer, but you for got lo tell who they wore that wero " drunk as loons." No doubt you meant that tho public should understand lhat they wore Whigs ; that is, you meant virtually to lie; but wo havo the best authority for saying to tho good pcoplo of Columbus, that the drunken, brawling, and vomiting loafers who disturbed the peace and quiet of the city last night wero each and every ono of them Locofocos ; and wo have no doubt that the State Printer knew it when ho penned tho slip issued this morning. "NOT A DRUM WAS HEARD, NOR A FUNERAL NOTE." Tho " Sentinel on the watch tower" is silent as death on the subject of the Land Receiver who lii.ys State Land Ilamli uith the Statc'i money. Ho fire no minute gun, give no alarm. Wonder if the Receiver ho not learned the eounhmgn TENNESSEE. On tlie 5th instant, Gov. Jnsr.s delivered his Me, sago to tho Legislature of Tennessee. We have nut received it, but it is highly spoken of. The Cincinnati Chronicle says It treats almost entirely of stnto alT.iira ; but censure well and pointedly the revolutionary movement attempted by tho Senato of the last Legislature; an act by which the Stale was deprived, during ono session, of its United State Senators, and which was, most undoubtedly, a purely factious movement The affairs of Tennessee are generally in a good condition, and tho Governor and legislature appear to bo directing their altentiun to tho business of tho Stale. Tho question relating to the seat of government was under discussion. Tho Sonate had passed a Bill fixing AirurWori, a tlie scat of government ; the House another, fixing it at Murjrrtsliorough. GEORGIA ELECTION. Tho Augusta Chr niclo of Friday last says "Tho legislature is already Wliig.rferMiiiVi Whig, on joint ballot, without a gain of another member, though wo have not yet gained a siitlicicnt number of Senator lo give us a majority in tho Senate. Tho Locofoco majority Inst year was about forty on joint ballot" VOICE OF DELAWARE. CorrTijMHiirci.ee of tlie IMkwiit Stale Journal, Dovf.h, Oct. m IHin. Tho Whiff Stato Convention mot todny ; tho attendance wu qui to krjjo Now Catle county, in particular waa lamely re (renewed. Tho whole proceedings went oil with frcnt unanimity. It is not nccewmry to atate that the mnl nrricnt nttucliincnt to Whiff principle and Henry Clav pcrvadeallic whole body of the Whiff party of lielawaro; had any dntibt of thia pre v)l i-d, it mutt hnve been entirely obliterated by conversing with tho Vhiff in attendance at this Convention, Henry Clay, Hr.xKX Ci.t I1KNIIY CLAY, n the bejrinnmrr. middle and end of their ditcouiw. Delaware in emphatically a Win jj Stale, and with the name of Harry or tiik Wkkt -he will achieve a conuuoal over the Lokiee in It'll, more ifftial thin alio did in IH 10. Wnto Victory n Portland. Tho Whiff" of Portland, on Monday last, which wna the third trial, aoccerded in electing their Keprcwenlativea to the Stato Hnuttc of Rcpmtcntaiives. There were about I. K0 ballots cant; the Whigs hud each about 7'1 the Democrat lea than i"00, and there were about 100 Knttcrinir. Tho vote from the ialanda not jot received, will probably reduce tho Whiff majority somewhat, but it will not be far from a hundred, and tlto plurality of tho Whiff vote ovor Uio Democratic will be nearly two hundred. In Dangor, at the third trial, on tho tame day, there was ajrain no choice. Tho Whiff candidates had 418 and HAi votes respectively ; tho Democratic lM and lltf; tho Abolitionists l27li and 273, and (hero wero t) scattering. Ihnhn Miy Adv. The Pittsburgh papers inform us lhat trado was quite brink there. Steamboats of the largest clasa wore arriving and departing in frequent succession Velvets are now made much cheaper than formerly. Two pieces, ono over the other, are woven at ihc aame Uuie, and then cut apart by a kuifo. Mr. Webster's Great Speech. Spteck of Daniel Webster, a Ihe Supper of iht jeto ror .vale Agricultural Aoatttf, ni noctusttr, on Tuesday evening, September 21, J84J. Reported for the New York Tribunp. James S. Wadsworth, Esq., ofGenesco, Presi dent of the State Agricultural Society, in introducing Mr. Webster to the company present, spuke of his eminent abilities and distinguished services, end referred, in a very happy manner, to the fact that he had, in other days, spent some time as a student in Mr. Webster's oftice. Mr. Wadsworth said he should pass over all the great acts of his eminently useful life, all that he had done in the service of his country, and all the ureal deeds and eloquent words which had made his name distinguished and honored throughout the world. The history of his life wbb tlie history of his country ; and to history he would leave tlie appropri ate task ot describing and commemorating them. For the present, lie wished only to propose The Health or the FAHMLR or MARSII-1'JKLD"The sentiment was received with tumultuous ap plause, followed by three hearty cheers. After the noise had subsided, Mr. Webster rose and replied in substance as follows : Mr. President and Genttemnl am greatly obli ged for the kind manner in which tho President of Uiis Society has referred to the circumstances of our garly acquaintance and intercourse. I am proud, eentlemen, of such a pupil ; and if he learned any tiling under my instruction relative to the f rofession to which 1 belong, I am sure he is fully competent, now, to puy buck the principle with accumulated interest from knowledge connected with the present pursuit to which he and you, gentlemen, ure greatly attached. Gentlemen Owing, perhaps, in some measure, to this early and friendly consideration of tho Presi dent of your Society, and to the trencral kindness of all persons connected witli it, t bad tlie honor to be invited to appear on tins occasion, and to make the annual address usual upon tho celebration of your anniversily. It happened not to be in my power to accept tho tender of this great honor. But in declining it I suggested to my friend that, as I sometimes hud occasion to visit Western New York, partly to visit some family connections und other friends, and as I always embrace such an opportunity with the greatest pleasure, 1 might be in this region in the course of tlie autumn, and that if so, I would endeavor to arrange my time so as to bo present at the Anniversary of the Agricultural Society. I come, gentlemen, in tho fulfilment of that intimation. 1 come with great pleasure, notwithstanding the heat of the weather and the length of tho journey, tn be present at this great mectinj; of the Representatives of the Agricultural Interests of this Stale cheers and l wouid most gladly, gentlemen, so tor as may 1 bo in my power, do something, or say something, by way of compensation for the kindness winch you havo manifested towards me, and as expressing the grateful feelings with which I acknowledge the honor you have done me in extending to me this invitation.Gentlemen, the occasion is an agricultural occasion. The topics which havoasciublod ui together here are agricultural topics. They curry us to the consideration of thnt great interest of society, the cultivation of tho Earth, from which we ourselves were taken. And, gentlemen, I have been struck in examining the exhibition which has been made today of animals, und, of the products and improvements of the mechanical arts, and especially the improvements in the grcatsciencound practice of at?ri- culturo, with tho vast advantages which Agriculture, in tlie appropriate senso ot the word, hold out to the great mass of the society in which we live. The cultivation of tho earth is not all of agriculture in its proper or common sense. That depends very much on climate and condition. We speak of Agriculture as that great Pursuit of Society in which tho great mass of men are engaged, in temperate climates, and in a soil adapted to produce the vane- ty ot things winch are usulul tor loud and the rai- But thoro is another cultivation of the fields, an- propnato to tropical climates, which has received the usual denominations of the ulantuti on the plan ting interest of society. Now, gentlemen, what has most forcibly struck my attention, suggested by what I have seen and heard and witnessed to-day, is the vastly superior advantages, to individuals and to society, of tho truly agricultural over tho plantation interest I desire no better exemplification of the truth of the general sentiment which I have advanced, than that suggested by the comparison if we mny not mora properly call it a conn-cut exhibited by those who cultivate the Holds of Western New York and thoso who cuttivato equally rich soils, which lie beneath a tropical sun. 1 would compare the agriculture of Western New York with the plantation interest of the West Indies. Now, does any tiling exhibit a broader contrast between tho ditlW-cnt pursuits both dedicated to the cultivation of tho Inn 1, both rearing products for human consumption than we find between your circles, and those found in the plantation tracts of Cuba or Jamaica, not only as aflocting individual happiness, but as touching the riches, the strength, the order, tlie jwwer, tho intelligence of human society? Tho difference appears to bo this: Tropical cultivation, tlie raising of sugar, rice, coflee, fur example, is rather a matter of Commerce than of Acri- culture. The production ot that arliclo depends on uio rxpcnsn incurred ior sou ami moor, oi tout sort appropriate to its cultivation: and this is all capital. Whenever ono would enter upon Tropical culture ho invests his capital in tho soil, and, us we all well know, a portion of it also in labor. It becomes, therefore, rather of the nature of a commercial undertaking, than the plain and homely, but healthy and beneficent field cultivation, Tho consequence is such as a philosophic inquiry would lead us to expect One is uncertain, precarious, changeable, partaking of tho vicissitudes of trade, and commercial enterprise. The other is a home interest, always substantially the samo liable, it is true, lo those vicissitudes which attach themselves to all human concerns, but securing to him who enters upon tho cultivation of his own lands, by the labor of Ins own hands, a competency and promising to guard him against the accidents of life as far as is possible for the most fortunate humnn beings. The contrast is evident when we examine curefully the condition of him who trusts to Tropical cultivation suppose of endue. He raises one thing for sale and one rnify, and buys of others every thing else. I In has one commod ity to carry to tho market of sale, and twenty to seek in tho market of purchase. What is the consequence of this sttte of things to his finances, to his means of living, of security and comfort ? We see at once that, as ho product's but one article, and tint article a commodity subject to the fluctuating prices of the commer-cinl world, a depression in its price affect him through thr irWr trlrnt of his annual income. If, for example, the price of that article falls ten per cent, he lose ten per cent of his expect it inns tho loss goes through tho whole product If it raises he is enriched. If it falls ho is impoverished. And. therefore, estates which are rich to-day may bo poor to-morrow; and no man, not oes,rd of a vast capital, can rely upon his property for tho support and comfort of his family, and the education of his children from year to year. Now, contrast, with this, tho stito of the farmer of Western New York, or id' New England, or of England, or any other strictly agricultural society. The fanner of tho western part of Nuw York raises arnat variety of articles as we have seen by the exhibitions to-day. There is collected every species of useful productions fit for human nutriment animal and vegetable. There aro the fleeces of his flock capable of being turned to a great extent into the production of raiment for himself and family. In this variety, therefore, there is a great advantage. Ho has the means of securing to himself an independence and it is true of an individual, as of a nation, lhat without independence, no man ui man nor can he ever bo a man, (Cheers.) It is this which gives him personal refpcctahilitv : for you will perceive that if he has provisions and fleeces, his table is supplied, his family, to a great extent, is clothed and if prices fall, how far is ho affected? Only on the fjTr.ii of his productions, which not needing them for comni mpt ion, he sends to market Suppose this excess be ton per cent of his whole product-while if prices fall then, it elKrti only ten nor cent of his income. If it falls upon the tropical plantation it runs through his wholo product, and effect his whole income. But the farmer who is governed by the other principle I havo mentioned, oats, drinks, and is clothed without care as to prices. 1 lo is his own consumer. IIo buys of himself, His bust customer is himself, his wife, and his healthy children. Theso aro all supplied with no rcferonco to or concern for other markets. Thus, therefore, except as to the excess of his productions abovo their wants, why should he care a fig for the rise or fall of prices? This general truth may no, Knd doubtless is, modified by many considerations. It may bo that country liko ours, engaged in grain growing, is a country in which vou look lo the sale of that great commodity fur other means. But there can, nevertheless, bo found no other in which tlie elements of life mako all comfort and happy, and secure in an equal degree, agatndt famine and want, let the agitations, the excitements, and changes of the commercial world be what they rimy. Gentlemen, tn my ludirmenL it is this independence of occasional change, this self mipport by our own means, secured by the cultivation of our own soil by our own hands, which gives the farmer of tho United States that independent character which constitutes his respect and value as a man and a citizen. Gentlemen, this reflection might bo pursued at great length. It might bo made to rtppcar to what extent it effects the character of iSuciety. Why, what ib the Society in a plantation establishment in the West Indies ? There is no Society ! There is a capitalist and there is labor of a particulardcscrip tion; but a Society, a Society of intelligent, free spirits there is none, non, hows, and there never can bel It is therefore, in the temperate climates in the rich and favored spots of God; it is, therefore, gentlemen, beneath such a sun as shines on you and on Buch an Karth as that on which you tread, that the truest dcvclopcment of a Btrong society is to be made that can ever be witnessed on the Earth. Loud cheers Gentlemen, every body knows that at ihc foundation of all that is important to human life lies this great business the cultivation of the Earth. If it was for his sins that man was condemned to till the land it was the most merciful judgment Almighty benignity could havo indicted upon him! Loud and repeated cheers. Now, gentlemen, in regard to the great interests of Agriculture, there arc things, which individuals may do for themselves. And there ere things, too, which the collected agency of individuals, that is which Government must do for thorn. What they can do themselves, they must be kfi to do for themselves. But, as I have said, there are great objects, great interests, great arrangements, which are necessary for the enrichment of the fields of Agriculture, for every one who tills them, which belong to Government and which Government is not in the fulfilment of its duties when it disregards or neglects. Individuals mny judge on such instruction as they can obtain, of the character of soil nnd of climate. They may judge of tlie implements and modes of husbandry. This is the scope, indeed, of judgment, of experience, of AHsociation, of a comparison of ideas and a comparison of experiments, which institutions, like yours, are particularly intended to bring together. Yuu have here siircnd out the means of judging what implements of Agriculture, what modes or cultivation, ore best adapted to produce any desired result; and tho study of theso makes tho education of tho Fanner. This is to be done by individuals and by individual associations. But there aro other things in Agriculture, as in other interests of Society, which need the aid of Government. It would he strange if it were otherwise strange, in deed, it government, tlie collected agency ol the whole people, should find employment with regard lo other things, and yet bo discharged from all duty with regard to that elementary, that indispcusible interest, tho cultivation of fields. There aro interests of Agriculture too large and distant for individuals to govern and regulate. These Government must attend to. What aro they? I rilmll not go through them all, because it does not become me, and because 1 am not about to read lectures to Government in general, or to our Government in particular. Cheers nnd laughter. But there ure things which individuals cannot do for themselves and which, therefore, arc the very objects which it is the duty of Government to do lur them. So is in other respects. If an individual cannot protect himself against awnult and violence, the Government must protect him. If individuals cannot open for themselves a market, Government must do it for them the general agency of society must bo called in. The wliolc theory of government, if we separate it from divine right, if wc consider it as exiting for the good of tho governed, implies that Government is to do for individuals what individuals cannot do for themselves Now there aro thin its which individuals cannot do for themselves, for they require the contributions of many; they require arrangement system, regulation, assess. uents, administration. And what are they? . 11 11 e nt P,Me 80 ,iir' I0 .l Vn "P. no 1 '"'"') f 'be interest ot Agriculture is con corned, its first demind on Government is, after that r rotection, (1 do not use the word in a political sense) after that protection of the law which sceurea to every man tlie earnings ot his own labor after this tho duty to Agriculture, is lo give an easy transmission of Its products to the place of sate ami con-sumption; hocause, in our climate in am climate human life, if we carry our ideas beyond mere necessity, calls for things, the products of other climates, the fruits of the labor of other persona in other parts of the world; and therefore there is always a necessity for commercial exchange, for disposing of the surplus productions of ono climate for those of another, and thus tn become possessed ot what are commonly regarded as the luxuries of life, but which are iu comforts, and which are the products of the labor of different quarters. Therefore ono groat ob ject and duty of government is to see lhat tho pro ducts ol ttie farmer may be easily and speedily transported lo the pi ice of consumption or sale. I need not say, gentleman, that you in Western N. York, aro a striking, and I doubt not a grateful example of tho oxcellcnt system of laws and policy which has prevailed in your Staie, and given you an easy transmission for the products of your rich soil and industrious labor to a plnco of sale or consumption, (cheers.) Who is there hero now lhat does not leel tho beneficence, tho wisdom, the patriotism of Clinton and othor projectors of vour vast internal improvements! (Loud cheers.) l'arty violence or pirty injustice may dim for a time, and prrjndice may in juro, and malignity may rail; but there cannot be, I am sure there is not an honest man in all Western New York, on whoso hoart the memory of Clinton is not indelibly engraved! (hnthiisntt)c applause and cheers;) Gentlemen, in this renpect your position ennobles you beyond anything on the face of the oarth. Now York city has been brought very near your doors. Tho grent Emporium of this great continent lies close before you. You are rich in your home market a market of purchase and of sate. All iNcw )orK is at your leeu lou can deal with her as if yuu lived iu one of her wards I mean tor all tho purM)sea ot commerce. And. irentleinen, if I miffht contemplate a cnndi tion of society in which, with regard to I he discharge of all great duties, nothing w as left lo he desired, I should look at Western New York with her favored climate and furlilo fields, with thoso improvement i she h is completed and those others which sho con templates, iw an object of hit ere! not only to all llio Slates of this great Union, but tn the feelings and hopts and highest aspirulioiH of every man. As an American, with prido would I look upon these great works commenced, completed, and to he completed. ail oxistinff in tuliuss and perfection that tho world may sec what a Republican government wjno in its councils, and liberal in i's policy, can do for the advancement of the great interests of Nooiety, (Cheers.) Gentlemen, tho farmers of New York havo no just reason to envy those, who livo amid the coffee fields, the sugar canes, tho orange groves. tho palm trees, and cocoas, and tho pinr-applei of the tropics f ar otherwise, ins wneni neiils, hm grass fields, his herds and flocks, and his forest aro infinitely richer. Gentlemen, fhero another grent object which properly falls to ihe euro of government, of interest to all tillers of tho land who have an easy and cheap transmission to market: it is of course, ihe rrittrnct of such uwkets. There must be markets of sale, of consumption. i hy will a man toil to till his grnn ones and cellars beyond mo wants ol hislunnly, tin- leas somebody will buy the surplus which he has t sell, and by means of which, therefore, he may bo able to buy elsewhere what he cannot raise on his own farm i A mnrkei, inemore, a market ol con sumption, is a pirn mount object to all agricultural ists, who cultivulo rich s-uls, beneath the kindly skies and a warming sun, and who raiso more than it necessary in order to tho anstentation of life. It it absolutely indispensable. I do not aay that it if entirely within the control oi government 1 know that it is not There are many considerations which affect tho market, such as tho policy of other nations, the cmirso of trade, tho condition of Society and a thousand other causes which modify all gov-eminent Looking only at the question as a political question (and God forbid thnt ! should use tlie word "political" in a party sense) it is certainly a matter ot 1 1 ue resting inquiry wncro mo surplus productions of labor shall find a sale. This is a matter for government in an enlarged political, philosophic, and I may say, philanthropic, consideration of its duties. A good government seeks to promote tho interest of all citizens, ol all vocations, I hnvo said that to this object a marht is nccesttary. What is it to you that your fields hero in the Gcnessoe Valley abound in tho richest wheat I believe, on tho fire of the earth what is it to you, beyond Uio consumption of your own households, u mere is no demand, no market for it ? Tho meana of transportation tnav exist but at the end of all must also be a market How is this to bo had ? Without to-niiHit enter iiiff u pin any debatoablo ground of politics, mum anyllung that doci not pariuko of elementary truth and I say it under the conviction that U is a matter of elementary truth to which every true American citizen who will not give way to names', but thinks that there is something in things, 1 aay that it is in the powor of Government, that it is the duty of Government, to a considerable extent, to take can that there should be a demand Jor agricultural products. (Cheers.) I am not about, gentlemen, to enter upon the question the debateable subject of a Protec tive Turin, to any consiueraoie extern, out i, nevertheless, do say at least I do think and why mould I kot say it? (Cheers and erica oi 'say it,' out with it' 'no on.' I do say, eentlemen, that tho Agriculture of this Country is the matter whichde- mands Protection. It is a misnomer to talk about tho Protection of Manufactures; that is not the thing we want or need: it is tho Protection of the Jouwtrt! (Repeated chcen.l It is a furnishing to the surplus productions of that Agriculture a mar- Ket a near market, a home market a large market: (Cheers and cries of 'that's "that's what wo want') why, gentlemen, many of my friends and neighbors in my own State have invested their capital in Manufactures. Of course they desire employment in this branch of industry. But suppose they do not get it: cannot they turn their capital into other channels, into a thou so nd other pursuits to-morrow' Are they shut out from all other ways of living? Do you suppose that the Protection of this interest is as important to them as it is to you? Is it as essential, as absolutely necessary to their interests as to tours? nut oy ten thousand times! You want a market for your productions. You want consumers. You want open mouths and unclad bodies to eat and drink and wear the surplus productions you havo pro vided lor them! You want a home market, a steady demand for your Agricultural products. And this is, and must be, furnished by the Commercial classes, tho seafaring classes, and all other classes ofnon-producers. Now, gentlemen, certainly admit thai those 1 who have invested their capital in Manufactures have a great interest at stake, and it is just that they should have secured by law a respectable protection to that interest But I do also insist, in spite II the sophistry and all the folly (as I must call t) of this aze and this ago is full of sophistry and folly on this subject, that the greut thing to bo looked for is that we havo at homo a demand for tho sur plus products of our Agriculture, and, on the other side, a home demand for tho products of Munufuc- luring industry. (Cheers.) This neighborly ox-1 change it is, this neighborly intercourse anion - our-1 solves this supplying our own wants from city to city, from village to village, from house to house, tins, this it is which is calculated to make us a happy and a strong people. (Enthusiastic applause.) Now, there is on this subject, especially among our brethren at the South, a strungo inmtualion, I hoy aro respcctablo men reasonable men candid men, in somo respects in mod respects ; and you see how they reason upon this subject Gentle men, I belong to Massachusetts. (Applause. Cries of 'Good,' and three deafening chocrs for Massachu setts !) 1 have taken the pains to inquire what sums of money Massachusetts pnys to Virginia and Carolina, to say nothing of New York, every year for their agricultural products : and it amounts to several millions. If wo tike theenstern part of Virginia and the Eastern part of North Carolina, what have they for sale but agricultural products purchased by tho manufacturing and commercial classes of New hugland.' Nothing on the face ot (he earth and we pay them many millions. We are their only customer. Docs England tako their groin? Co.-tuiuly not: yet owing to causes which it would be easy to explain if it were proper, owing to prejudice, owing to their peculiar notions fir notions are quite as common there as in IMcw rmgland, though New England is the 'land of notions!' (Laughter and cheers) there is a perfect reprobation of any idea ol protection giving them any sale for their agricultural products, although they find, day by day, that wo buy and pay them for their products by manufacturers ot the iNonh and it is the only Hung they get a dollar for; and are ready to drivo us into raising Corn and nil other agricultural products for mrsclvcs they being agricultural, and finding the article continually becoming cheaper, and no per sons except us to buy of them! (Cheers.) Now that's a strong case though perfectly true of Eastern Vir ginia and ot North Carolina. Why, gentlemen, I live on the sandy sea shore of Massachusetts, and I get along as well as I can. I am a very poor fanner upon a great quantity oi very poor laud, lint my neighbors and i, by very great care I hardly kno hnw continue to live on. Wo pay for what we purchase though for my lifo I could hardly tell how this only I know, they all get paid in some inty. Aim yet these men complain that we do not raise what we want ourselves but buy of them! There seems to be much truth man old saying, that 'Max ims which havo a seeming sense tako tinner hold, and endure longer in tho mind, than thoso which are minded on nature and experience.' Men ike dog mas ; they like theory. If they can pick up or acrac together a string of apophthegms or enigmas the met and truth and all the human talent in the world can never arguo them out of them. Emu I delusions prevail in otfier parts of the country, as, for instance tho notion that Protection to manufacture is a thing peculiarly beneficial to thoso engaged in lfno pur-i suits. Far from it As I havo said, the capital of Massachusetts can goto commerce, or can go to farm ing. But what can ho do, whose farm la his sole estate, but tilt it? Can bo transport it or go into other pursuits ? The fact is, Protection to this class ot society is next to tho bcnehccnco of heaven. whoso sun shines and whfe rains full upon us, the Highest object tho most ausnluto necessity to those wlm cuttivato the land, and raise from it more than st i Hie os for tho wanta of themselves and their fami lies. (Cheers.) Now, gentlemen, wo are American. Wo havo a vast country, a variety of climate, and various pur suits. We havo agricultural Stales; and wo have plantation States. W have manufacturing interests and commercial interests. And our business is not to array our various interests into a belligerent and hostile stato, not to inflame our own passions or the passions of others concerning tho measures of government for protection of particular interests; but let us make the whole a great national, I may any a omtu concern. Wo should aim not to pro duce tho impression that one interest is set against another, but that we all go for thoso laws and measures which will bo most conducive to tho general good. We should remember that wo aro ciluens of tho United States that as such wo are interest ed in tho United States and in every Hlute lhat we are interested in the concerns of all classes and of every clasi; and I do firmly believo that mode raliuii, and wisdom, and perseverance, and truth, and reason will ultimately prevail overall (ho influences which seem to scparalo the interests of ono clasa from thoso of another. Why, what I have said in relation to tho necessities or wants of Agriculture is strictly true with regard to our brethren of the South engaged in tho Plantation interest. The first market fur their cotton, and the best market is with tho Northern and New England manufacturer of that article, and it is absolutely astonishing that thin ia not perceived. Tho North takes one-third of their cotton, and that tho first third, and fixes the price; it is sold with small charge for freight and still brings a high price. And I say it is absoluh ly astonishing that thoso whoso living depends on the production and sale of this article should not see tn what an extent it depends uun thecousumption and manufacture of tho article in our own country, Theso truths theso elements of political economy are as true on tho J nines River am) in Alabama as here; and let popular prejudice become informed and kind feeling mark all discussions of thesulijert, and wo shall come to see how much our happiness and honor depend upon a freo and just and liberal in-tcrcourso among ourselves. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, I am too long in troubling you with theso remarks. (Cheoraof, goon.) I believe ihoy arc founded in truth. I wish for everything which will promote th union of tho American family. I wish for tho prevalence of overylhmg which shall make every man, from Mai no to Georgia, feel that his interests are clearly bound up with those of evory other man from Maine to Georgia. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, may I say. (turning to the President) fivo words about myself? (Cheers and shouts of 'yes. fifty or fivo hundred. ) It was under tho full conviction of these truths, that, meeting a lew months ago aomo intelligent friends from lUlliinore, I alluded to our commercial relations a subject to which I had devoted for two years the most anxious and painful labors of my life. (Some ono cried out, Three cheers for tho Treaty,' and they were ae-cordingly given with great enthusiasm.) I assure you, gentlemen, that although friendly to all treaties of peace, nothing waa farther from my mind at this moment than tho treaty recently concluded with Great Britain. ! mean our commercial relations; and if tho time shall ever como when wo ran for a little while forget our parties, and to attend to things instead of names if tho time ahull ever arrive when there shall be a oiuintat partjr iu the country which 1 have a hope may aomolim happen God know i (cheers and laughter) we shall find that tho subject of our commercial relations as tliey havo tor auvural yeart put existed, and us they now exist, is highly interesting and of the utmost importance toovery citizen of the country. But I propose only to aay now, that having occasion, I spoke at uuuimoro on me enecioi an arrangement entered into very unfortunately many years ago, to tlie great detriment of our navigation interest, as is now fully shown by the great progress which foreign shipping is muking upon the shipping of the United Slates. It is most true that under existing acts the shipping of some of Uio small Northern States of Europe are thrusting themselves into branches of our trade to which they havo no natural right, and would be encroaching upon our coasting trade were they not prevented by the absolute prohibition of law. I will only say to illustrate the matter, that between the great markets of the United States and the empire of'Brazil, where our commercial intercourse was most extensive, the nations of tho North of Europe, Hamburg, Bremen, &c, under Reciprocity Treaties, as they are called, though there is any thing but reciprocity in them, carry on the trade to the exclusion of our own vessels. Iu this way, under treaty stipu lations, our trade is drawn from us, and we submit and I have found it quite impossible to raise tlie country up to a sense of this great injury. I said at Baltimore, that the time was coming; and perhaps now is, when, with regard to the great matter of commercial stipulations, some advisable arrange ment might be made between us and some ol the great states of Europe. think to now. I do not retract at all. I am confident of its truth, and un less I mistake, recent events givo it additional evidence.What I said was this: England excludes most of our agricultural productions her Corn Laws exclude them; yet she is anxious to extend tlie intercourse between herself and us. The great power of steam has extinguished distance. England lies close to Now York. Twelve or thirteen days only make tho communication. And it is of no consequence whether by some sudden revolution of nature or by some decree of Providence the distance between different countries becomes less, or whether by the ingenuity oi man the means ol transmission and intercourse aro increased because we measure things by time. England is not more than half as distant from us, for every purpose of international intercourse as she was thirty years ago. Well, then, the countries are tying sido by side. How shall we deal with her and with the other great Commercial States of Europe? Are we to proceed on the principal of reprisals of hostile or retaliatory legislation? That has been tried with regard to tho tonnage of tho United States. Wo made provisions in favor of our tonnage in carrying on our commerce with England. England made retaliatory provisions to favor her tonnage, and so we came to carry ono way and she the other. So fur as the direct trade is concerned, wo have no complaint to make. It furnishes an example of equality, and proves the danger of fully of retaliatory stipulations. I said to my friends in Baltimore that I believed the time was coming when some ar rangement might bo mado between England and us. I took especial care to say this must be e (Tec ted by Congress on this side, and by Psrliamcnton the oth erby conditional enactments, as the condition of the trade between the United States and the West India Islands, has been since lii Congress said to England, "if you will do so, we will do so; if you will pass such laws we will pass such other laws." Tho negotiations were carried on in England by Mr. iilcbano under ucn. Jackson on this side, and farl Grey on the other. It was accepted by Congress, who passed the necessary laws on our part and England on hers. It happened that we made a bad bargain that time: but this is a matter to be considered ; 1 only cite this as authority for treating upon this subject by condi tional legislation, and in what 1 said at Baltimore I intended faithfully to declare that I did not desire that the arrangement should be made by (he treaty making power, the President and Senate, to the exclusion of the more popular branch of Congress; but that it was to be done by Congress and Congressional legislation and acta of Parliament And in tlie faco of that (I suppose I expressed myself obscurely, though that is a fault I cannot help.) in the luce ot that there were men whose sense ot justice and whose love of truth did not restrain them from saying that Mr. Webster was in favor of putting the wholo matter under the treating muking power to be settled, under John Tyler and his administration ! ILhcers.J No! gentlemen, no, no! I do not and will not answer what an inflamed party press mar say, unless I find that they greatly misrepresent mat ters seriously aiiectmg my character and usefulness as a public man which I have ceased to be; yet I am wilting, when a suitable occasion offers, to exhibit the truth as it is, and to placo myself, as I wished to be placed, before tlie judgment of my fellow ci lite na. Cheers. And now, gentlemen, I say that in the present state of Uie world, living in peace, and having now lived in peace for a long period of time, 1 think, than has ever happened before for when has there been a time of a longer duration of peace among tho powers of Europe ? and living at a time when the spirit of peace prevails, we nmy well to call to mind tho words of the Poet who says that Vur is a game, which, if the pcoplo wore wise, kings would not play at" Thank God! the people art who; and unless in a clear question of national honor or national interests (he pcoplo will not have war, for the will of crowned heads must yield to the happine of the people themselves. Cheers. Now, gentlemen, I say that in the state of things, it is our duty to look carefully, wisely, but in a spirit of conciliation towards all nations connected with us to comparo notes,1 aa we say, to seo in what our interests are identical, to give up nothing, nothing, sotiiino essential to the protection of our industry and the return for the labor am) work of our own hands. But let us consider what may be done to bring about these results either by mutual legislation or by some more formal arrangement I believe in tho practicability of tliia: it may not be in my time, but it is sure to happen, it is surr to happen. Tho spirit of Christianity tho spirit of our own example in Liberty and Independence, ia bringing it on. America sets back upon Europe, and this re-action ia tremendous. 1 sny tremendous, it is fearful ; but only to those who wish to uphold the old monarchies and dominions of Europe ; it ia not tremendous but grateful, aeceptible, glorious to (he great mass of Europe, who believo (hat government is to somo extent tho offspring of general con sent, and that man, avm, the pcoplo are entitled to have a direct, powerful and controlling agency in its organization. I know, gentlemen, that these sentiments will prevail, at least I believe it I believo it I believe that the interest of peace and virtue, that tho great body of conscientious men in all countries havo in tome degreo come to control Uie government lo aay to il "Thus far shall thou come, but no farther, and hero shall thy proud waves be stayed !" Cheers. And I think I aco this, gentlemen, in everything and ovorywhere. I havo evidence of it in the cautious policy of England cautious, cautious, but yielding lo the overpowering necessity of tho case, y ielding to tho overpowering dominion of public sentiment I would not here, or any where else, venture to discuss ihe policy of foreign countriea, and 1 abstain. leave l hem, aa I hope they will leave us, to look aftor their own interests, we pursuing oura, Yot there can be no question that the spirit of freo enquiry ia abroad all ovor Uie earth. And this isrighlj it is as it should be in a Christian age, and in an ago unrivalled in knowledge and intelligence, among tho groat masses of society. Now, gentltmcn, I'm growing ganiloua, choera and cries of go on, and will bring my remarks to a conclusion. 1 have tho happiness to believe that the tendencies of things are to promote new efforts. 1 believe that the policy of England ia and has been and will be more and more towards a more and more liberal intercourse, an intercourse favorable lo our great interests, to all (he interests of tho North and South. It ia most certain that wnhin a few month a now and great change has boon produced in our intercourse with England, a very great chango. Articles produced in your State are yearly becoming more and more introduced provisions finding a market in Europe 1 In (be last six months quite a now trade has sprung up between us and England in tlis articlo ol provision, While I waa in New York I took occasion to inquire of some practical merchants and valued friends how tho matter was; and they said, quite to my astonishment that cargoes of lard, butter, cheese, beef, pork, oxc, wore shipped to England every day, and that a vossc) of the largest class, wiihm twenty daya, had left New York, loaded entirely with the article of provisions, to the exclusion, aa it happened in that case, though I do not mention il aa a matter of triumph, of a aingle pound of cotton or tobacco. This is quite a new trade aa every body know. Who ever thought, eightren months ago, that a Urge cargo, entirely of provision, would go to a Ixmdon market Who does not rejoice and feel (he beneficent influence of this upon both nation. Tho people of England aro better fed the agriculture of New York is bettor encouraged, and tho interests of both aro better promotedGentlemen, I will proceed no farther, I aay tho timo has come when we must attend lo things, things Tin us. 1 aay Ui liura haa arrived when wo must give up tlie enchantment of names and attend to tho g eat interests or commerce and agriculture when nun must bo sunk and I am willing to sink, and it will be no great sinking either! Laughter when things must be regarded, measures regarded, and names aisrcgaraea; ami inougn i am not one to givo p opinions lightly and without occasion, the time has arrived for practical measures ; when we must attend to things which belong, I had almost said, to our peace if it did not appear in some ort profane to apply to ordinary affairs, words made sacred by a higher moaning; but I will say to things which belong to our interest Wo must bo practical we must look at things we must see the results of measures and the bearing of everything that relotes to tho interests of all classes of . people in the United States. For, gentlemen, we may bo sure that, how-over local interests may prevail, however local feelings may prevail, we shall all, when we approach tho close of life, regard everything with satisfaction which wo have done under tho impulse of a largo, a broad American foeling; repeated cheers and we shall look with regret on everything contracted, or personal or local winch the interest of individuals may have led us to cherish in our hearts. Cheers. Let us remember, then, gentlemen, that our interests are the common interests of the United States. Let in remember that there is not a man in the Union, from the Atlantic to tlie Rocky Mountains, from Maine to Mississippi, in whose interests and welfare and political rights wo are not concerned. Let us havo souls and hearts and minds big enough to embrace the great Empire which Gud has given us ; (cheers) and while conscious that beneath his benignant rule we enjoy distinguished blessings, religious and civil and social, such as have been showered upon no other men on Uie face of the Earth, let us go boldly on determined, now and forever, living and dying, to be fully American, American altogether! Mr. Webster sat down amid tho reiterated and deafening applause of all present. COFFEE. An article of daily consumption in this, and almost every country, like coffee, is worth at times a passing notice. We havo scarcely ever nlliulnl tn lit um io imorm our reoucrs what its price is except when our political adversaries raised the hue and cry against William C. Dawson for voting, as they said, to tax it And, as we have good reasons to believo that they are heartily ashamed of themselves for their conduct, it ia scarcely possible, that we ahull ever hove to write a political coffee article again. The bitter beverage, so well liked bv ourRrlvpa nn.l all whom we know, and so generally used in evnrv civilized country, was first introduced into France, so says an old work by an embassador from Uio Por- w, iikiuum ilia atateu tin Turkish Ambassador m an uiuii mi vxiuuuiug poiiieness, wit, and gallun-try ; and that notwithstanding ho had so many wives m nonie, no was a great lavorile with tho leading fashionable women of Paris. When visited by them, ho gave them coffee to drink, and for politeness sake, the black and bitter bverage was drank, when a taste was acquired for it among the lady nobility of Paris, which soon extended itself to all classes. It was in H)7(i that Coffee Houses wero first established in raris. ai tins period, intemperanco prevailed a-mong tho French to a fearful extent Even nmnnrr tlie higher classes, it was common for parties of both nuiu? ana genuemen, to visit public places, for tho express purpose of drinking themselves to drunkenness. Louis XIV in vain exerted himself to put down this practice. But "hat he, with all his power, failed to effect, the Coffee Houses auccceded in. uio Kiooort, or drinking houses, were deserted by men of rank and letters Uio CofTeo Houses become the place of iheir resort, and very Boon their examplo imiinii-u vy men ui an ciusses. ihus did Coffee achieve a victory over a vicious practice, and. lo a very great extent save tho French population from that degradotion to which they were fast hurrying. Well may they thank the man of many wives for introducing Coffee to their notice. Since that time the MSG of Coflbfl lilt, snrrt.rl Ml ovor Uio land. Tho Knglish soon become consumers of it, and it is now one of the moot important articlea in Commerce that we know of. lis rise in price frequently make one rich ; and its fall, frequently reduces lo bcZrnry. Improvement in making it to drink, have been soRrcnt, ihut, wlirn well prepared, it loses all lhat was disagreeable when the Turkish Ambassador first gavo it to the French Ladies. And it consumption is now so (Trent, tint from the latest nccounls, in Kuropc, 1,W,0tKJ,000 of pound aro annually consumed. What is consumed in America we know not, but as it is used moro or lea in every family, the consumption must be very largo fall inir very little short of Uie above. Heavt Mu The largest person ever known in IrtMAnH. with nnrli.lM Ilia avnni:.. e , lu w, , ,p ma. coule, the celebrated Irish giant, was Roger Byrne, who resided in Ossory, and waa buried on the i;)ih of May, 17&7, in the churchyard of Kusennallis, in iucon' county. The coflin and its content weigh-ed fivo hundred and seventy-eight pounds. It waa borne on a very long bier by thirty strong men, who were relieved at intervals. Roger Byrne died of no oUier disease than luffocstion, occasioned by a su- I mi, wmcn sioppca tncpiavot hi imir. .l n.it M,in.l n I.:. i:rV .1 f ...Bt ,,, i,iIViiu iii. niu iii uie iiiiy-iourin year of hisage. IIo wasone hundred pounds heavier Uian the noted Bright, of Maiden, in Kngland, who weighed four hundred and silly pounds and within the circumference of whose waistcoat seven of the largost men in that town could be enclosed without constraint, and one hundred and eighty pounds lighter linn Daniel Lambert, who died in 1M0U, and weighed seven hundred and thirty-nine pound. We believo that the heaviest man ever known in Now Kngland wu Caleb Towlo, an industrious, wealthy, and respectable citiien of Centre Harbor, New Hampshire, who died in IttM, from n etraor-dinary increan of flesh. Though short of fivo feet ton inche high, lie weighed fin hundred and fifteen poumlt '.Baton Journal. Tn Jaws in ma U.iitf.d SriTca The Saint Loui Organ lay i "As the number of Jew is greatly increasing in our midst, it may not ba altogether uninteresting lo learn something concerning their number. The greatest concentration of Jews cxisM in the Russian dominions, where, according to Uio Istest estimate, they amount to 1,700.000, about one-fourth of the Jewish population of Ihe whole world j in France there are ll,"i,000i in Ureal Britain ;t0,-000, two-thirds of which are found in London. Tlie number or Jews in tho Holy Lsnd amounts to 40,-000. The Jew in tins country are estimated at 50,-000, the great mass of which may be found in the Atlantic citie. There ro aix synagogue in Now York, three in Philadelphia, and others in Charles-Ion, Baltimore and Savannah. In Cincinnati the Jewish populrtion is very numerous, so also in Clove-land, whero Uicre are two synagogue, (iermany and Poland aro the countrio which eiercise Uie in-tluence over Uio devclnpcmcnt of Uie religious view ol the Jaw of the present day. Tits Mormon PaoriiKT auain A gentleman from Nauvon inform, m Ih.l Ja M.:.k I (iov. Ford for authority to defend himself bv milita- . .urr.ni auacs oi tne Missouri-ana, It is well understood that Joe apprehends na men nttatlt. and lhat bis makim. il.i. .,. .- for Uio purpose, if granted, of warring upon our cit-isens, Uian upon Uiose of Misaouri. Jo doubtless understands what his contract with (iov. Ford was, in Iraimferrinir llm t..r,n.. 11 j . . ", i niK"i aim ll l reasonable to suppose that his call upon Uie Govorn- . . ' aul"'y "I" o niaue in vain. .ilton (III.) Tell. Jail Dn ivmr On U'o.lnj... ..: Husk, the prisoner in our county jail, su in number, escapedlfrom their cells. Two of them were re-ta. ..., ami lour, mciuiling lioodhnk, Uie fellow who robbed Ilarshman'a store, are slill al large. The two who wore taken, wnni rutin in imn. nJ e course unable to make any headway. The other ..... .,. u nouuie. now iney managed it, i nut known wo behove. Montgomery jail ia lucky place for rascals. Home how or other Uicy linn t stav there lontr ennunh tn hm r... ii.i. - n n" " " wiw imi luvit ollcnce. Miyhm Journal1, .Sryil, J!, Th WtsarsrniT.T,Mi.n.. r i. n , . .....nr-n. i-,'iii carter, since his acomll.l nn Il,n l.u.. r l:.. t i ' -- i---- -.... t..nlu iiiuiuuring jnun I asmcr, haa been ordered to givo bail on each of the ....rcr iiinw inuicimoni, tor murder of Mr. Parke, Mr. Caatnor, and Ihe child, .'KKXI, and on that for asasulting the boy, Jesso Force, wilh entent to kill, Mlllflll. L.- .hNuul : .11 m .. . . 1 r..", iiinniiig iiii,in m an. ino Newark Daily Advertiser, says he will probably be tried on one of Uie throe niunlcr indictmcnui at 'the November lonn. Wo lenrn that N.-riiiNirt. n.rt-w. !. muV ed Ihe appointment of Postmaster of (hi city pic uicoaos: wu. (ioanoi, who goe Consul to Rio Ja. neiro, Tho appointment ia to Uie effect on the ISili uisianu Th IWO men ennwiflnd nf lk. n,i,r. nf M. ri- sey, at Jursey ci'y, have been entenced Ui two year "T' inimiii ; : i i ii any wonuer mat VKIciut, stalk through Uie laud?