The Participles – Die Partizipien

The Partizip Perfekt is used to form the compound tenses as well, in this role it is accompanied either by the verb haben or the verb sein. E.g: Ich habe hier gewohnt. (I lived here.) Wir haben den ganzen Tag gearbeitet. (We worked all day long.) Er ist nach Hause gegangen. (He has gone / He went home.) Sie sind angekommen. (They arrived / They have arrived.)

– It can be an attribute. In this case it has to be declined as the other adjectives:

das geschriebene Brief – the written letterein geschriebener Brief – a written letter.

– It can behave as an adverb:

Er kommt gelaufen – He comes running.

–

Das Partizip Präsens
(present participle)

Formation: the stem of the verb takes an ending -end:

schreiben – schreibend
lesen – lesend
kommen – kommend
sein – seiend

Usage: it is translated into English using the -ing form but not all the verbs with -ing form are translated into German using the -end form! In German the present participle is an attribute and is translated into English likewise with an attributive -ing form: