The estimates are sometimes smaller than the corresponding VPA estimates, and sometimes larger, unlike for the model with two catchabilities, where they were always larger.

There are some issues with stability, especially regarding the number of years we follow a cohort. Although not plotted below, for the experiment with a single cohort born in 1994, it makes a huge difference whether we follow it for 6 or 7 years.

As more cohorts are added the population sizes at age 3 become more stable, but not always at the levels estimated when only following a single cohort. This can be seen in the following table: