Friday, 23 April 2010

In the basic process, the fabric is soaked in water. It is then twisted into the form of tight rope. It is then again twisted in on itself until becoming basically a ball of twisted fabric. The ends are tucked in so the fabric doesn't come untwisted. Then it is dried using microwave or other means. It is not recommended that the damp twisted fabric ball be left overnight otherwise it will mildew.

With the rising cotton yarn prices, the garment manufacturers are feeling the heat. Unable to pass on the price hike to the customers, they are turning back to the government for relief. The government has done its part by the following measures:

The vigorous agitation of fabric and dye formulation in the cloth increases the dyeing rate and uniformity. It minimizes creasing as the fabric is not held in any one configuration for very long. The lower liquor ration allows shorter dye cycles and saves chemicals and energy.

In soft flow dyeing machines the fabric is transported by a stream of dye liquor. However, the transport is

assisted by a driven lifter reel.

These machines use a jet having lower velocity that that used on conventional jet dyeing machines.

The soft flow machines are more gentle on the fabric than conventional jet machines.

The following are the features of a soft flow U-Type dyeing machine offered by Taxfab:

3. A stainless steel filtering device placed in such a way for easy cleaning.

4. A unique design of jet nozzle can provide high discharge of liquore with subsequent pressure to ensure fast movement of fabric transport upto 300 Mtrs / Min., and the speed of fabric can be adjusted, required to desire quality.

5. A mirror polished fabric transport perforated basket for easy trouble free movement of fabric from back to the front of machine, perforated basket fabricated in such a way that welding part does not come in contact with fabric.

6. For preparing chemical, colour kitchen tank is provided made out of stainless steel 316, with required valves for auto dozing.

7. All valves is made of investment casting and is of stainless steel 3l6.

8.Electrical control panel with microprocessor to operate the machine is provided with pneumatic control circuits.

Tuesday, 6 April 2010

Textile Testing is not something that is to be done on a finished product alone. There is a need to measure the effectiveness of each process so that necessary corrections can be done if needed. As an example, for a home linen fabric, the following testing procedures need to be carried out after every process.

The Following Testing procedures are needed at each stage of the process:

1.Grey inspection and checking

Every supply of grey cloth needs a thorough check for quality of the material. The following checks need to be made

• Checking of damage made during the transit

• Checking of quantity supplied

• Checking of count, reed and pick

• Checking of GSM of the cloth

• Checking of width of the grey

• Checking of knots in every meter of grey

• Checking of any deformity of construction of grey

• Checking of any unusual cuts in the cloth

2.Singeing and Scouring

After passing through the Singeing and Scouring process, the fabric undergoes the pilling test to determine the pilling and fuzzing characteristics of the fabric. Thereafter another test is conducted to determine the abrasion and pilling resistance of the fabric. If thesample fails this test as per specifications provided by the buyer then the grey cloth is sent back for Singeing.

3.Desizing

De-sizing is the next step after which the TEGAWA test is conducted in a lab to check the presence of starch and other substances in the grey cloth and in the event the material fails this test then it is required to undergo the process of De-sizing.

4.Bleaching

The absorbency test, whiteness test and ph testing are carried out in the lab after completion of the processes of bleaching, washing and drying.

5.Mercerisation

Subsequent to the Mercerizing process the fabric undergoes ph testing and TWEDDEL and Barium tests to check the concentration of caustic in the fabric. The operation is repeated in case the fabric fails the tests.

6.Dyeing

Post completion of the dyeing process, a number of tests are carried out to test the colour matching of the sample as per the buyer’s demand and colour fasteness of the cloth. The dyeing process has to be repeated in the event the fabric fails these tests.

7.Printing

After completion of printing on the fabric, the tests relating to colour matching and fastness are carried out once again.

8.Stenting

Once the Stenting process is completed, lab tests are conducted for carrying out the shrinkage tests, tensile strengths and tear strengths of the fabric.

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Three end and two end, course cut (10 to 14), knitting techniques are conventionally used to produce knitted fleece with low stitch densities (600-700). Fabric with a higher stitch density is generally perceived to be a higher quality fabric because it has a lower shrinkage rate and a more stable print platform.

The term "stitch density" is frequently used in knitting instead of a linear measurement of courses and wales, it is the total number of needle loops in a square area measurement such as square inch. It is obtained by multiplying the number of courses per inch by the number of wales per inch. Stitch density tends to be a more accurate measurement because tension acting in one direction in the fabric may, for example, produce a low reading for the courses and a high reading for the wales, which when multiplied together cancel the effect out.

Two end, course cut knitting techniques are generally used to produce knitted fleece fabric with lower stitch density, which is generally perceived to be low quality fabric. Two end knitted fleece fabric constructions are typically less costly to produce compared to three end knitted fleece fabric constructions because of lower yarn material costs.

Both three end and two end course cut knitting techniques can be used to produce knitted fleece fabric having the same fabric weight and the same stitch density. However, because three end knitting uses three yarn ends, as opposed to two yarn ends used by two end knitting, a yarn having a finer yarn count, which is significantly more expensive, is necessary to produce knitted fleece fabric with the same fabric weight and same stitch density. Thus, it is much more costly to produce knitted fleece fabric of a given weight and stitch density using a three end knitting technique. See a patent based on this information here.

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