Picamilon (sodium salt), also known as nicotynoyl-GABA, is an amide produced by combining niacin (vitamin B3) with a γ-aminobutyric acid molecule (GABA). This compound was developed in the Soviet Union between the 1960's and 1970's. It still maintains the status of a medicine in modern Russia and is prescribed by doctors to patients after stroke or with cerebral ischemia. It is also used as a treatment for depression, migraines, senile psychosis, and many other neurological diseases.1 Picamilon is available as a diet supplement without prescription in the US and Eastern Europe, including Poland. It exhibits nootropic properties.

Picamilon crosses the blood-brain barrier and is hydrolyzed in the cells of the nervous system to niacin and GABA causing a greater effect than the action of free components.1,2 Similar to Piracetam, Picamilon was first used in brain circulation disorders as a vasodilator- a type of medicine that relaxes blood vessels.3 During clinical studies, it was shown that after 4-5 days after treatment, a significant improvement of neurological symptoms in patients with acute cerebrovascular disorders was noted. Patients stopped complaining about pain and dizziness, became less agitated, less anxious, experienced less sleep problems, and symptoms of motor and memory impairment were reduced.1

This compound is the result of effects caused by the components of Picamilon - the vasodilation effect results from the action of the niacin molecule, whereas GABA binding to a number of specific receptors causes a relaxing and anxiolytic effect (anti-anxiety). Hence picamilon is also used as a sedative.3 Clinical trials in patients with anxiety disorders and depression have shown an activation of mental function and motor activity. An improvement was noted in mood, concentration, and the speed at which various activities were undertaken. Moreover, it was shown that Picamilon allows for the decrease in dosage of tricyclic antidepressants in severe depressive states.1

Picamilon has also found use in the treatment of central pain - pain initiated or caused by primary damage to or dysfunction of the central nervous system.2 Additionally, it eases the symptoms of withdrawal in alcoholics, especially apathy, fatigue and weariness. It reduces the intensity but does not shorten their duration.1

Various user reports on internet forums mention contradictory effects of Picamilon's effects. A few users reported an improved mood, a reduction of social inhibitions, an increase in motivation, and a mild stimulation after doses of 150-300mg. Another user reported a feeling of "odd tiredness" at a dose of 200mg. This user did not suffer from depression and used tianeptine- an anti-depressant medicine with a complex mechanism of action on the nervous system.

Dosage

In clinical trials picamilon was administered 2-3 times per day in doses of 20-50mg each, or a single daily dose of 40-300mg.1When used as a dietary supplement recommended initial dose is 50-100mg per day. If necessary, the dose may be increased to 200-300mg.

Synergy

Picamilon may potentiate the effects of other nootropic compounds. Hyaluronic acid and extracts of valerian may increase the effects of Picamilon.

Interaction

Picamilon should not be used by people with acute and chronic renal failure, a presence of ischemic changes in the ECG and myocardial infarction because of the risk of inducing acute heart failure.

Side effects

Picamilon is well tolerated by the human body and has minimal side effects. The most common are dizziness and low blood pressure. Very rarely, nausea, irritability, hyperactivity and allergic reactions (rash, pruritus).1

This product is not labeled as a diet supplement in Poland. The information provided in the description has not been confirmed by GIF, GIS, or EFSA and should not be used to treat, diagnose, or prevent any disease.

The quoted scientific studies cannot be considered unequivocal because of their limited nature and aren't required to reveal the full spectrum of effects of the substance.

Consumer opinions found in the product pages are not the opinions of allchemy.eu and should not be considered as recommendations for the use of the product in question. Allchemy.eu is not responsible for the information found therein.

Always consult a doctor or pharmacist when using a new substance from the nootropic family. Our sevice is inteded for adults only and we are not responsible for the inappropriate use of our products.

Our website contains objective and reliable information based on current scientific publications. We care about maintaining a high level of quality standards in the articles we publish by keeping our site up-to-date and making sure the information we place on it is clear and transparent. The authors of the website content are scientists from UJ, a neuropsychologist and a chemist.

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