Synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) through "green" chemistry is an exciting area of research with wide applications. Trianthema portulacastrum's extract containing greater amount of reducing agents has been explored first time for the synthesis of ZnO-NPs that characterized with UV/Vis, XRD, FT-IR, SEM,EDX, HR-TEM and XPS. The particles of ZnO-NPs are crystalline and having the size in the range of 25-90 nm. The cell viability of ZnO-NPs was studied using Mouse pre-osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 sub-clone 14 cells which confirmed its biocompatibility that render for biomedical applications...

Multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacteria is a major concern these days. One of the reasons is the mutation in efflux pump that prevents the retention of antibiotics and drugs in the bacterial cell. The current work is a step to overcome MDR in bacteria via inhibition of efflux pump and further photoinhibition by thiolated chitosan coated cobalt doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (Co-ZnO) in visible light. Co-ZnO were synthesized in a size range of 40-60 nm. Antibacterial activity of the Co-ZnO against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was found 100% at a concentration of 10 μg/ml upon activation in sunlight for 15 min...

Photothermal therapy is achieving ever-increasing attention as a promising method for killing cancer cells. Although, gold nanoparticles are regarded as one of the most effective photothermal therapy agents, the mechanisms underlying their action have to be addressed. Moreover, studies have showed that gold nanoparticles induce apoptosis in treated cultures. Hence, in this study, we investigated the interaction of folic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles and gold-shelled Fe3 O4 nanoparticles with microtubule and microtubule associated protein tau in order to introduce intracellular targets of these nanoparticles and provide a holistic view about the mechanism of action of gold nanoparticles used in photothermal therapy...

Wound dehiscence is a surgical complication and its management is inevitable because 25% to 35% of patients suffered from post laparotomy wound dehiscence. The excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility of chitosan and alginate have provided ample space for future developments in biomedical applications. Hence, the present work is directed towards the synthesis of robust biofilm made up of chitosan (CS), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and Alginate (Alg). Chitosan and alginate were used for their pore forming ability, and ZnO is for its antibacterial action...

The purpose of the recent research was to assess the chemical characterization and antioxidant, cytotoxic, antibacterial, and antifungal effects of Allium Saralicum R.M. Fritsch leaves. After identification of the plant, its ethanolic extract was obtained using Soxhlet extractor without leaving any chemicals in it. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was performed to detect the percentage, retention index, and time of A. Saralicum compounds. Agar diffusion tests were applied to determine the antibacterial and antifungal characteristics...

Many coastal waters are threatened by heavy metal pollution, of which copper (Cu) is one of the most common contaminants. Since surface waters in marine environments and ecosystems contaminated with heavy metals are concurrently exposed to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR), marine phytoplankton may be stressed by the combination of heavy metals and UVR. In this study, three Cu concentrations (0, 0.5, and 2 μM) and two light conditions: PAR (photosynthetically active radiation, 400-700 nm) and PAB (PAR + UVR, 280-700 nm), were applied to investigate the combined effects on the photosynthetic performance of a marine diatom Skeletonema costatum...

Male gametes of the brown alga Mutimo cylindricus show positive phototaxis soon after spawning in seawater but gradually change the sign of phototaxis with time. This conversion appears to need the decrease of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. In this study, we revealed that the conversion of male gamete phototactic sign, positive to negative, was accelerated by mixing with female gametes. The supernatant after the centrifugation of female gamete suspension showed the same activity to change the phototactic sign, suggesting that a factor released from female gametes was responsible for the reaction...

In recent years, much attention is focused on silver nanoparticles for biomedical applications and then synthesis using plant procedure has drawn a great focus. In the current study silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the oil cake of Sesamumindicum, which has been used traditionally for several therapeutic purposes. Silver nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesizedin the presence of sesame oil cake. The sesame oil cake facilitated the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (SCAgNPs). The synthesized SCAgNPs were subjected to several studies using UV-Visspectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, TEM, and EDS and the particle characteristics were confirmed...

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possesses a number of exceptional pharmaceutical properties and applications as compared with other types of metallic nanoparticles. Currently, AgNPs was biosynthesized using an aqueous extract of Zea mays L. (corn flour) powder. Further, the effect of concentration of reagents, extract, temperature and time of synthesis was also studied along with the cytotoxicity and radical scavenging potential. UV-vis spectra of AgNPs gave a surface plasmon resonance at ~420 nm. The absorption peak became sharp with the increase in time...

Radiotherapy is considered as a primary modality for cancer treatment which accompanied by several side effects. Protection of normal tissues from radiation effects is one of the most significant concerns for researchers. Although many compounds acting as radio protectors, only two compounds were licensed clinically. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), as an inflammatory mediator is associated with ROS production with a NF-κB gene up regulation dependent manner in normal tissues. To that extend, his study was designed to target COX-2 and NF-κB by a newly synthesized benzopyran-4-one or chromone derivative; (2E)-2-((4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl) methylene amino-4- nitrobenzoic acid (Ch)...

The current chemotherapy method demonstrates the need for improvement in terms of efficacy and safety. Given the beneficiary effect of heat in combination with chemotherapy, the purpose of this study is to develop a multifunctional nanoplatform by co-incorporating gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as photothermal agent and cisplatin as anticancer drug into alginate hydrogel (named as ACA) to enable concurrent thermo-chemotherapy. The in vitro cytotoxicity experiment showed that the as-developed nanocomplex was able to induce greater cytotoxicity in KB human nasopharyngeal cancer cells compared to free cisplatin at the same concentration...

Lipid content is the main parameter for the evaluation of microalgae towards biodiesel production. The present study was aimed at the screening of desirable algal consortia based on lipid content for further processing into biofuel. Twenty different algal consortia were investigated for lipid content qualitatively by Nile Red and quantitatively by gravimetric method and FTIR. Nile Red is used as a fluorophore for physically characterizing the lipid body in algal cultures. The yellow fluorescence in all the samples confirmed the presence of lipid content when observed under a fluorescent microscope...

As a new light source, light emitting diode (LED) with high brightness and lower cost has been rapidly developed in medical application and light therapy. LED phototherapy can activate target cells with appropriate power and adequate energy density. This review provides general information on therapeutic applications of blue, green, yellow, red, and infrared LED in medical treatments for various physical abnormalities and on bio-imaging. The bio-imaging system is improved by decreasing the number of microscopes apparatuses including neutral-density filter, excitation filters and mechanical shutters...

The purpose of this report was to progress the advancement of nanotechnology combined with near-infrared (NIR) laser-mediated treatment for enhancing efficiency against breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. The physic-chemical interactions and properties of the surface improved nano-Graphene oxide (nGO) sheets with Copper Sulfide (CuS) quantum dots were analyzed by selected exclusive analytical methods. The cytotoxicity effect of nGO was investigated by various in vitro assays. The surface activated nGO was exhibited its maximum absorption peak at 233 nm...

This study significantly aims to analyze the effect of CFX coated gold nanoparticles on the allergic rhinitis in mouse model. Female BALB/C mice were intraperitoneally injected with ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide in order to sensitize on 0th, 7th, 14th, and 21st day. Nano‑gold was also nasally inoculated earlier to the intranasal administration of OVA. The acuteness of allergic rhinitis was evaluated based on the nasal indications, interleukin IL-4, and interferon (INF)-γ levels present in the NLF of mice...