Fake News

> Civitas

American Libraries Magazine. Librarians—whether public, school, academic, or special—all seek to ensure that patrons who ask for help get accurate information.

Given the care that librarians bring to this task, the recent explosion in unverified, unsourced, and sometimes completely untrue news has been discouraging, to say the least. According to the Pew Research Center, a majority of US adults are getting their news in real time from their social media feeds. These are often uncurated spaces in which falsehoods thrive, as revealed during the 2016 election. To take just one example, Pope Francis did not endorse Donald Trump, but thousands of people shared the “news” that he had done so.
Fact-Checking Won’t Save Us From Fake News. Fake news.

We’ve used this phrase so many times in the past two months that it’s almost lost meaning — partly because it can mean so many different things. Depending on who you talk to, “fake news” may refer to satirical news, hoaxes, news that’s clumsily framed or outright wrong, propaganda, lies destined for viral clicks and advertising dollars, politically motivated half-truths, and more.
Can You Tell Fake News From Real? Study Finds Students Have 'Dismaying' Inability.

Stanford researchers assessed students from middle school to college and found they struggled to distinguish ads from articles, neutral sources from biased ones and fake accounts from real ones.

It could be fake. (Monica Akhtar/The Washington Post)
How Academia, Google Scholar And Predatory Publishers Help Feed Academic Fake News. How Data And Information Literacy Could End Fake News. Six questions that will tell you what media to trust - American Press Institute. Published Updated 10/23/13 11:37 am Tom Rosenstiel.

How to Convince Someone When Facts Fail. Have you ever noticed that when you present people with facts that are contrary to their deepest held beliefs they always change their minds?

Me neither. In fact, people seem to double down on their beliefs in the teeth of overwhelming evidence against them.
What does post-truth mean for a philosopher?
Image copyright NCH "Post-truth" has come to describe a type of campaigning that has turned the political world upside down.

Fuelled by emotive arguments rather than fact-checks, it was a phrase that tried to capture the gut-instinct, anti-establishment politics that swept Donald Trump and Brexit supporters to victory. Oxford Dictionaries made it the word of the year, defining it as where "objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief".
How To Tell Fake News From Real News In 'Post-Truth' Era.