Mencius
said, “That whereby the superior man is distinguished from other men is what he
preserves in his heart – namely, benevolence and propriety.”

James Legge was a famous 19th century
sinologist, who translated a number of classical Chinese works into English. One
of the works he translated was “The Works of Mencius,” from which came the above
quote. My problem with the translation is that it seems more of an interpretation than a translation.

I have learned that 以 can mean
“with,” “by,” “to take,” “to use,” “in order to,” and “because.” I also know
that 所以...者 can be translated as "that by which." Also 以其 seems to be an abbreviation of 爲以其, which translates as "[is] by his." And the Naver dictionary translates 存心 as 마음속의 생각, which can be translated as "beliefs," so here is how I would translate the Mencius quote.