Flood Essay

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FloodsThousands of years ago before people built towns and planted crops, rivers cut deep canyons and molded the continents. Often these rivers overflowed their banks and flooded the surrounding areas, ...

"People do not die if there is flood, but people die if there is no flood," goes a local saying in Sirajganj District. One farmer in Simla village in the Brahmaputra floodplain told researchers, "If there is no flood there will be no crop, the soil will turn into a desert." According to the peasants interviewed, they feel a much bigger threat from what scientists call 'lateral river erosion'. Whereas the land is always there after a few days when

Flood In BangladeshFloods in Bangladesh Introduction: Water and water Water every where. There is no piece of land to stand. This is the flood scenery of Bangladesh. Bangladesh is a small and ...

the flood recedes, nothing is left when your household and land have been carried away by a shifting river. Causes: While most floods follow heavy rain, or rapid, widespread melting of deep snow, flood forecasters also have to worry about several other factors. Her is some other ways that floods are caused. Deep snow cover. Deep snow can melt into a lot of water. Deep snow very rarely causes flooding by itself. Often, heavy rain and rapid warm ups combine

Flood Of 1993In the summer of 1993 the United States were faced with the most devastating flood that has ever occurred. Seventeen thousand square miles of land were covered by floodwaters in ...

with rapidly melting snow to cause major flooding problems. For example, Fargo, S.D. had a 15 inch snow pack at the beginning of March 1994. Fortunately, slowly warming temperatures along with below freezing overnight temperatures through most of March into April reduced flooding from melting snow. Forecasters were originally concerned that the deep snow would pose significant problems during the spring thaw. Frozen ground. Frozen soil can not absorb as much water as unfrozen soil. Rain or rapid snow

The Dangers Of FloodingThe Dangers Of Flooding Floods are extremely dangerous, mainly because they can occur in almost all terrains and climates, but the immense power of water is greatly unpredictable. People ...

melt atop frozen soil can cause flooding that wouldn't have occurred if the soil were not frozen. Wet or saturated soil. Saturated soil can't absorb rain and water from melting snow. The excess water becomes runoff that rapidly flows into rivers and streams. Unsaturated soil acts like a sponge, absorbing some of the water from rain or snow melt. Saturated soil by itself does not cause flooding. Usually, heavy rain or rapid snow melt combined with saturated soil causes

Flood MythsMyths from many different cultures seem to tell the same story. Themes from Babylonian myth can be seen in Egyptian stories ;elements of Christian theology are evident in some ancient ...

the flooding. Full reservoirs. Reservoirs are large, mostly man-made basins that hold water for irrigation and drinking. Reservoirs can alleviate river flooding by absorbing and spreading out flood crests flowing down the river. This would reduce the height in which the water rises downstream of the reservoir. If the reservoir is already full, then it can not absorb any water from swollen rivers. High river and stream levels. Streams or rivers that are already at bankfull can be

a good reason for major flooding. Heavy rain or rapid snow melt that flows into an already full river will cause the river to overflow its banks and flood nearby locations. High river levels, such as those in the Ohio Valley in the spring of 1997, make forecasters very nervous anytime a storm threatens to dump heavy rain over the region. A prolonged dry spell, however, can alleviate flooding concerns. Ice-covered rivers. As rain or melting snow fill river,

ice at the surface cracks and breaks up into chunks that float downstream. These chunks of ice can form a dam as they run into barriers, such as bridges, along the rivers. The ice dams cause water to rise rapidly behind them, flooding many upstream locations. If the dam suddenly breaks, water can also flood downstream locations. Large chunks of ice can also damage bridges and other structures. A USA TODAY graphic has more on ice jams. Widespread, heavy

rain. This is perhaps the most important and influential factor of them all. Long periods of heavy rain can cause flooding even if all other factors are unfavorable for flooding. Often, heavy rain is a cause of some of the factors listed above such as wet soils, high stream levels and full reservoirs. The Midwest flooding during the summer of 1993 and the Southeast flooding caused by the remnants of Tropical Storm Alberto in 1994 are a couple of examples

of flooding caused by heavy rain. Whether or not these factors cause flooding often depends on daily weather conditions over the region such as temperature and precipitation. This makes long range flood forecasts very difficult to pin down, which is the main reason why hydrologists often forecast long range flood potential rather than actual long range flood forecasts. Flood prevention: Construction of levees Levees are natural or artificial embankments along the course of a river. Natural levees are low banks

that are produced by the river during floods when the overflowing of the river decreases the speed of the water and permits the deposit of silt. Artificial levees are considerably higher than natural ones and protect the surrounding countryside from floods. On a large river, floods cannot be controlled by levees alone because the waters rise to heights that would overwhelm any embankment. Levees are, however, used to protect portions of the riverbank areas, such as cities and towns, which

Rain, Snow And FloodsRain causes floods, but isn't always the whole story While most floods follow heavy rain, or rapid, widespread melting of deep snow, flood forecasters also have to worry about several ...

have a high economic value. The floodwaters are allowed to flow through breaks in the levees over land of low value and are drained off through supplementary channels that are sometimes equipped with secondary levees. Dams An effective method of controlling floodwaters is to construct coordinated groups of dams and reservoirs on the headwaters of the streams that lead into the main rivers, so that water can be stored during periods of heavy runoff and released gradually during dry

seasons, and thus preventing floods from occurring. During time of high water the dams operate to slow down the flow. The dams closest to the origins of the tributaries restrain the floodwaters while the dams further down slowly release their normal reservoirs and are drained. Then the floodwaters are released to each succeeding dam and are finally emptied into the main river. Canalization An other method of protecting

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