Featured Category:

Preface

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

In the Name of God, Most Gracious, Most Merciful

This age is the space & electronic age, & man is leaping towards stars & into the depth of this vast universe. But did one ever think who are those personalities around whom, this universe spins & by one small finger’s gesture they split the moon apart.

Who are those who commanded the stars, rocks, mountains, air, water & all the natural & supernatural ingredients of universe & over & above that the heavens & the entire metaphysical world.

Those who truly claimed to be the city of knowledge & learning & whose chest were brimful with wisdom. But then they would not find anyone capable enough to imbibe & digest it.

Alas, there were only a very few who could take in just a bit of what they had.

And so that bit taken was just a tiny fraction of what they possessed has today developed into this huge & gigantic show of knowledge industry & technology by man. Of course, it took man centuries to develop the little amount of knowledge he had received.

It was only possible through some highly caliber & genius personalities like Jabbir bin Hayyan the father of today’s sciences, Alberuni, Ibn sina the father of medicine, Abul Haisam & some others who were all the pupils of the household of Prophet Muhammad (S)

So briefly speaking they as the torch bearer & flag holders of knowledge & learning picked up a drop from the mighty & gigantic ocean of knowledge, (the city of knowledge & his descendants) & passed it on to the coming generations for further consideration, contemplation, research, investigation & elaboration,

Now, that man has entered the space age he looks back to the real source of his modern developments & progresses, and only then the honest researcher humanists, philosophers & thinker like Zhol Laboom, Denourt, Lora Waksia Walgari came to admit the bare & plain facts, French thinker Zhol Laboom says in the book "the detail of verses", “knowledge & learning came to our hand from the Muslims"

Renounced orientalist Denort said "It is obligatory for us to admit that Physical sciences, astronomy, Philosophy & mathematics which reached their zenith in Europe are mostly from the beneficence of Quranic learning,"

Thus it becomes inevitable to recognize those upon whom this sacred book of knowledge & wisdom was revealed, & those are its heir up to this day.

And cannot find a single soul in the universe except Muhammad (S) & his household her daughter, the gracious & magnanimous Fatima (sa), his cousin Ali (as) the grand, splendid & sublime personality known as the gate of the city of Prophet's knowledge & the eleven Imams who are his descendants & progeny.

These fourteen channels of knowledge & wisdom are linked up with Allah (SWT) so their knowledge is divine knowledge.

Even today their effects, such as Nahjul Balaghah, speech of Fatima (sa) Sahifatul Sajjadia, Saheefa al-Alawiyyah & frame work of social, moral, ethical, logical educational, economical norms & standards for humanity with which it can put a curb & restraint upon the various evils, vices & misfortunate catastrophes like war, famine, destruction, illiteracy, disease & annihilation.

Humanity by curbing the ever growing lawlessness, & oppression can turn this. World full of misery into a glorious heaven with all the thinkable & possible comforts, joys, fraternity & felicitations.

To sum up, the need of introducing & materializing the aspirations of the holy Prophet of Islam & his progeny has grown multiply in this age. The need to translate, propagate & spread their mission of peace & tranquility.

So this book is an effort towards this end. Although with its small volume & limited boundaries it can just be called a symbol & indicator for the researchers & a guideline for them to proceed ahead & discover the genuine & natural phenomenon of the metaphysics & the highway to the Divine Light leading to eternal prosperity.

It contains 560 Hadiths which covers many dimensions of the human life & for those seeking solution to the today's world problems, it is a guide. Yet there is need to probe into the rest of the Hadiths through strenuous efforts.

As already mentioned this knowledge is 'a beneficence, & benevolence equally for those in the East or west whether they are white or black, yellow or red.

I earnestly pray to Almighty Allah to give us the courage, strength & sincerity to gather up the gems from the heritage of Muhammad (S) & his Household (as).

And to put that into practice.

I have put in sincere effort to do the job of translating these Hadiths.

But it was not an easy thing to do since:

The speech of the leader (Imam) is the Imam (leader) of all speeches.

کلام الامام امام الکلام

But only with their help & affection could this job be completed.

Any help suggesting an improvement in the short comings of this translation including Islamic terminology will be appreciated.

Javed Iqbal QazilbashSeminary of Qum

1234 views

Foreword

Please pay attention to the following few points which are briefly described for the sake of studying this book with a greater & broader vision.

We are aware that the base & foundation of the completion, maturity & progress of human beings is a school & culture which must be constructive, rich & affluent & may be capable to guide man in variant dimensions towards the total & multi-dimensional completion & prosperity.

Such a school of thought & culture must definitely come from the Almighty Allah of humanity who is All Knowing. On this account, the only school & culture having grown & produced from the origin of revelation can be advantageous, & conductive particularly the school & culture which has reached us from the arena & sphere of the last & final ambassador of Allah' the Prophet of Islam (S) & the last guardians from God & their successors, the in fallible Imams & Hazrat Zahra (sa) & this must certainly be possessing all the excellences of gnosis, cognition & completion & will be the eminent of all the other culture’s & schools.

On this basis it is essential & definitely necessary for us to pay deep & multi-dimensional attention & concentrate upon this rich & man constructing culture & school while proceeding on the way of guidance, progress & elevation.

And we considering it the practical program of our life ‘must embrace the prosperity of world & Here after in its light, since we will definitely not find such a rich, plentiful, exuberant' & movement creating school of thought & culture anywhere in the World. And one can never at all reach the peak of real completion & attain the open & obvious prosperity through other cultures.

On this basis the Prophet of Islam (S) said:

Confer. & meet & talk to each other because Hadith polishes the hearts. No doubt hearts get rusted like the swords & Hadith is their polish.1

Essa (removal of that rust).' Essa (Christ) (as) at the height & summit of his speech told the Bani Israel (sons of Israel):

Do not inform ignorant about the word of wisdom so that you may have committed excess (injustice) to those subjects & do not refuse & conceal them from the sage & wise ones so that you may have committed injustice & excess upon them.2

لا تحدثوا لجهال بالحکمة فتظلموها ولا تمنعوها اهلها فتظلموهم

Imam Ali (as) as per his well-known saying said.

These hearts are just like utensils so that the best utensil is the one which secures & retains more (than others). Therefore do secure & memorize what I tell you.

ان هذه القلوب اوعية فخيرها اوعاها فاحفظ عنی ما اقول لک

الناس ثلاثه فعالم ربانی، ومتعلم علی سبيل النجاة وهمج رعاعٌ

People are divided in three groups: 1.The Godly scholars 2. The knowledge seekers (students) who move on the way towards salvation. 3. Silly rabble, mob.

It is understood from these interesting & attractive traditions that the culture of Islam should not be confined & bonded rather it should be propagated, & the people of the world be given to learn it's facts by divulging it through meditation, consideration & conference., to polish the hearts out of their rusty condition.

Thus if we do not carry it to those capable we would have done injustice to them', since we will have deprived them of the most supreme &sublime gifts & presents of the life completion.3

This also becomes clear that best of the men are those who welcome & greet the rich & exuberant Islamic culture, which is mixed up with deep & profound wisdoms, with an open & absorbent mind, & make it a pattern for themselves.

As a whole mankind can be divided into three categories 1. Godly scholar 2. Student 3. Silly rabble 4& mob.

The divine scholar is like an upstanding tree which has raised & upheld his head towards the sky of completion. The student is like the plant of lily lotus which shows its face leaning along that firmly up standing tree & moves upwards.

But the third form of man is like the weeds growing mere the root & base of that tree having no course to move on. And it stays along with the dirt of earth sometimes under that stinking dirt & gets drowned into the black mud of the pond.

The propagation & broad casting of Islamic learning & culture has an elevated & lofty place from the Islamic view.

Imam Muhammad Baqir (as) said. "The alms giving of knowledge is this that you teach it to the servants of God."

Moawiyyah Bin Ammar says I submitted to Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as), “One of your states great number of traditions & propagates them among the people & makes them firm & steady into the hearts of people & your Shias.

And on the other hand, there is a worshiper among your followers (Shias) who is not active in propagating your traditions amid the people like that (other) man, so which one of them is better?"

1. This tradition has been much narrated with a little amount of difference & variation both by the Shia & Sunni traditionalists. And even some say this is a "Mutawatir" widely transmitted tradition. That is to say it has been so very much narrated that the sure knowledge of its being soundly narrated from the infallible Imam (as) is achieved.8

2. Allama Majlisi (may God have mercy on him) says about the word "memorizing of tradition", mentioned in the above stated Hadith, “As a matter of right, memorizing (learning Hadith by heart has many grades. The rewards of them granted are according to the same grades.

One of its grades & stages is securing & learning the text of the Hadith, whether that securing comes about in the memory securing it from getting perished like preserving it on papers & correction of its words & reproducing it.

The second grade is learning the text & meanings of forty Hadiths & contemplation of their minute points & deduction of religious injunctions & Islamic learnings from them. The third stage is that the text of those forty hadiths may be implemented, practiced upon & secured.

It is quite clear that each of these carry a reward but if all the three of them are owned by a person' then it will result in getting the complete reward. There by he says "Getting resurrected as a wise jurisprudent on the resurrection day takes place when all the three grades or at least two of the later ones are observed9.

3. In many cases, the title of forty is the final limit & border of completion of those matters. Allama Haj Mirza Hussain Norri reflects', By benefitting from correct & true traditions it becomes evident that in the process of preserving practice for progress from a stage to a higher one, forty days or years have an effective & total effect. There by, he pointed out forty cases of the completed affairs & matters within the border of forty.10

4. Supplementary, it may not remain unsaid that forty Hadiths means the Hadiths which are a requirement & need on the course of guidance such as the problems of beliefs, jurisprudence, politics, & ethics. As already mentioned a wise & complete jurisprudent is the one who gets benefitted & saturated in variant dimensions of religion from the knowledge & practice.

The Present Book

The text of this book has been compiled under the title of .Forty Hadiths from each of the fourteen infallibles (as), by the of Islamic Propagation organization, the International relations, Turkish Dept. And published & circulated in 320 pages' of the Rukkai size, in the year 1360 (S.H).

The compilation of this book by the said organization has taken place, with the co-operation & co-working of two dear excellent brothers Aqai Fakharuddin Altan & Aqai Mujahidi who are respectable students of the Qum's seminary, as under:

Following the preface, firstly the particulars of each of the fourteen infallibles are described & then comes the Arabic text of the forty traditions from each infallible with their references. Thereafter, those have been translated into Turkish language in the Latin scripture.

And this method is quite interesting, attractive & initiative in it form, that forty sayings of each infallible concerning various affairs & dispositions, be narrated.

And since it's translation into Persian was quite beneficial in making us aware & acquainted with the rich, wealth & vast moral, ethical, political, credence, belief social & economical culture of the family & house hold of the Prophet hood (S) was a guide to the healthy & sound way of Islamic life, so steps were taken to get it done.

It has been endeavored that the translation be in the form of sentence to sentence although on a few occasions it became inevitable for us to translate freely.

This book consists of 560 Hadiths, arranged in a manner that their Arabic text & then Persian translation has been put forward.

We hope that all of us shall learn constructive, positive & beneficial lessons from these profound, deep, lofty & dignified words, & take useful, & positive steps in life to bring about the purity & betterment of our souls & the society, by putting them into practice.

Seminary of Qum. Muhammad Muhammadi Ishtehardi.

Summer 1371 (S.H).

1003 views

The First Infallible: The Prophet of Allah and his forty discourses

The First Infallible: The Prophet Of Allah The Messenger Of Islam

Name: Muhammad, Ahmed (S)

Famous Title Apostle of Allah. Sub Title: AbulQasim.

Father and Mother: Abdullah, Amina

Time & Place of Birth: Dawn of Friday the 17th of Rabi ul awwal year 571 A.D (forty years before the mission of prophet hood), in Mecca.

Time & place of Death & holy shrine: Passed away on Monday 28th of the month of Safar, the rear, 11th Hijrah, In Medina at the age of 63 years. His Holy shrine, is situated besides the Prophet's mosque, in Medina.

1. Oh servants of Allah! You are like patients & the lord of mortals is like a physician. So the rectitude & well-being of the ailment of patients lies in the rule (formula) which the physician knows & administers with that rule, not in that one which the patient desires. Therefore, obey the commands of Allah so that you get to become among the attainders & victorious ones.1

3. The Prophet of Islam (S) sent a group of Muslims to the battle front against the enemies. When they returned to the court of Apostle of Allah he said to them ',Well done, bravo, the group who performed the small jihad (holy war) & the big jihad has (yet) to be performed by them.' They said 'oh Prophet of Allah what is the great jihad?'

4. When the innovations & heretical practices become evident in my ummah it is necessary for the scholar to make his knowledge manifested & open (with regards to making the innovations public) so, curse of Allah be upon the scholar who does not do it.' 4

5. Jurisprudents are the trustees of the Prophets (trust worthy & dependable representatives) till such time they have not entered the world (affairs)? One of those present asked ', what is their entry into the world (affairs)? The Prophet said in response to him, 'Following the king, so when they do that beware of them about your religion (guard your religion from them). 5

6. I do not have the fear of neither the faithful nor polytheist about my ummah. However, the faith of the faithful refrains him from harming the ummah, more over the infidelity of the polytheist will become the cause of his abjectness & repression. But I am afraid about you (being harmed) from the glib tongued hypocrite. He utters by his tongue what you believe is good & practically he does what you consider bad (vices). (BIHARUL ANWAR. VOL 2, P 110),

7. When the resurrection day sets in, a herald (of Allah) calls out, Where are the cruel ones, where are the friends of the cruel ones? And those who put a flake of cotton in their inkpots or tied up a bag for them or mended their pen. So, resurrect them all, together with the tyrants.' 6

9. The worst of all men is the one who sells his hereafter (dooms day) for his world (life), & worse than him is the one who sells (bargains) his resurrection day for the world (benefits) of the others. 8

12. Indeed, there are ten signs of the pious. 1. He makes friend for the sake of Allah (pleasure). 2. He makes enemy for the Almighty Allah. 3. He enters companionship for Allah. 4. He gets separated for Allah. 5. He becomes angry for the sake of Allah. 6. He gets happy for Allah. 7. He acts for the sake of lord. 8. He asks Allah for the fulfillment of his need. 9. He shows humility & humbleness for Allah, whereas, he possesses the virtues of fear from Almighty & has sincerity modesty, vigilance & carefulness. 10. He performs good deeds for Allah. 11

I3.A time will come upon my ummah so that people will not recognize the scholar but those wearing beautiful dress, & will not recognize the Quran but when recited in a melodious tone & will not serve Allah except in the month of Ramadan. So when the condition of people will become such, Allah will appoint & set a ruler over them who shall not have knowledge, forbearance & mercy. 12

14. When the resurrection day will come, the ink of the pen of scholars will be weighed against the blood of martyrs, so as a result of weighing the ink of the pen of scholars will get superiority over the bloods of the martyrs. 13

I5. The example of my house hold (Hazrat Zahra (sa)) & the twelve Imams (as)) is like that of the Noah’s (as) ship. Who so ever boards it will get rescued (salvation) & the one who opposes the boarding of it, gets drowned.14

16. Cursed is the one who puts the load of his life responsibilities upon the shoulders of the people. 15

16- مَلعُونٌ مَن اَلقی کَلَّهُ عَلَی الناسِ.

(تحف العقول37)

17. When the dooms day will come about, man will not move one step from his place till he is questioned about four things.
1. The way how he spent his life? 2. As to how did he wear out his youth? 3. About the wealth, as to where he got it from & in what way he spent it? 4. And about the love of us the house hold of Prophet. 16

18. Shamoon (the grandson of Judah. one of the disciples of Essa (Christ) (as) submitted to the Prophet of God (S): Describe to me the signs of ignorant?'

The Prophet (S) said:
1. If you become his companion he will offend & grieve you. 2. And if you avoid him he will revile & vilify you. 3. And if he gives something to you he will hold you under obligation. 4. If you give him something he will be ungrateful. 5. If you tell him a secret he will commit dishonesty with you (by revealing & opening it). 6. And if he tells you a secret he will blame you (about its opening). 7. And if he becomes wealthy he will get proud & show insolence & petulance. 8. And if he becomes poor he will refuse the blessings of Allah & will not care about committing sin.

9. And if he gets glad & happy he commits insolence & inordinacy. 10. And if he is grieved he gets disappointed. 11. And if he laughs his laughter is a burst (loud laughter). 12. And if he cries he laments & wails. 13. Attacks & assaults the pious ones. 14. He does not love Allah & does not observe His law. 15. And he does not feel ashamed before Allah. 16. He does not remember Allah. 17. If you please him he admires you & exaggerates in admiring you & falsely attributes the things (virtues) which you do not possess.18. If he gets angry with you all his admiration (for you) finishes up, & he attributes unworthy things to you. This is the program of the ignorant. 17

19. The Prophet of Allah (S) said to Ali (as) 'Oh Ali do you want six hundred thousand sheep or six hundred thousand dinars or six hundred thousand words (of admonition).

Ali (as) submitted 'O’ Prophet of Allah I want six hundred thousands of words.' 1. The Prophet (S) said I gather all the six hundred thousands of words into six words. O’ Ali When you see that the people are busy with recommended & desirable good deeds, you get busy with the completing of obligatory (services). 2. And at a time when you see the people busy with the worldly activities, you get busy with the deeds for the hereafter. 3. And when you see people mentioning ill of others (slandering & back biting) you get busy with your own faults (In rectifying them). 4. And at times when you see that the people are busy in decorating of world, get busy with decorating & beautifying your' resurrection day. 5. While you see people getting busy with (procuring) abundance & plentiful of practice get busy in achieving (outstanding place) the purity of practice Concentrate upon the quality of Practice). 6. When you see people imploring creature (people) for help, supplicate to Allah.18

20. Why do who I see that the love of World has overwhelmed most of the people to such an extent as if death has been written (made binding) only for the others? And as if the observing of right has only been made obligatory for others than them? Far from it, Far from it, why do the next ones not take lesson from those in the past? (Generations) 19

24. Oh Ali! All the eyes will weep on the resurrection day except three eyes. (1) The eye which remained waking in the night till morning on the way of Allah (for the defense of Islamic system). & the eye which refrained from seeing the things Prohibited by Allah, the eye which shed tear from the fear of Allah. 23

29. The Prophet of Allah (S) said that Isa’ (Christ) (as) said to his disciples sit with someone (keep company with) the seeing of whom makes you remember (mention) Allah & his logic (learning) adds to your knowledge & his practice makes you keen (inclined toward) for the hereafter. 28

30. There are four dispositions & Peculiarities, who so ever has got those in him is a hypocrite. And if he has one of those four he has got one peculiarity of hypocrisy in him till such time that he removes it from himself. (Those four are) 1. Whoever lies while talking 2.Promises & goes back upon his word. 3. When makes an agreement (pact) deceives the other side. (Breaks & breaches the pact). 4. When he has enmity with someone, he commits, inequity & immorality. 29

33. Oh community of Muslims! Definitely avoid committing adultery because it has six peculiarities three (will emerge) in this world & three in the hereafter. Moreover, those three which appear in this world (consist of): 1.This becomes the cause of getting dishonored. 2. Causes to bring poverty. 3. Causes the shortening of age.

And those which take place in the hereafter are: 1. It causes the anger of Allah. 2. It causes the severances & graveness of accounting. 3. It causes the eternity & perpetuity (of man) in the hell fire. 31

34. Oh Ali there are three qualities so that who so ever does not possess these none of his practices will remain constant & firm for him. (His practice will not bring fruit & result)

1. The power of piety which refrains him from committing sin. 2. And the knowledge with which he may repulse the ignorance of the witless (foolish) persons. 3. Intellect with which he gets along courteously & moderately with the people. 32

35. Whoever of you observes an evil (in society) must change it (object over it) physically with his hand so if he does not have the power of it then he must object over it by his tongue & if he does not have the strength of that, he must object upon it in his heart. (He must not remain indifferent to it) And this is the lowest status of faith. 33

40. Sighting (at stranger men, women) is a poisonous arrow out of the arrows of Satan. So one who overlooks & omits that due to the fear of Allah, Allah bestows upon him a faith, the sweetness of which he will find in his heart. 38

Father and mother: Muhammad the Prophet' of Allah (S), Khadija Kubra (as)

Time & Place of birth: At the threshold of dawn, Friday the 20th of Jamadi us sani, 5th year of Prophetic mission, Born in Mecca.

Time of migration & marriage: At the age of nearly 8 years Migrated along with Ali (as) to Medina & in the second year of the migration, & beginning of the month of zul hijja was married to Ali (as) and bore five children by the Names of Hassan, Hussain, Zainub, Ume Kulsoom, and Mohsin.

Time & Place of martyrdom: Was Martyred between the prayer times of Maghrib & Esha on the 15th or 13 of the month of Jamadi ul Awal or 3rd of Jamadi us sani 11th year of Hijrah. At the age of I8 years, in Medina.

1. Praise & Eulogy Is for Allah for the blessing & bounties which He has bestowed. And thanks to Him upon what He revealed (to His servants) And Praise Is for Him upon the common boons & blessings which He bestowed upon His servants without their request And upon the comprehensive & complete blessings which He granted to all & sundry & gave It to us, consecutively. Those graces & favors which are uncountable.

And are Irredeemable & not compensable due to their plentiful-ness of number. And the Imagination of their end is out of the reach of human mind.

He invited the servant to thankfulness for the sake of the consecutive & continuous enhancement of blessings. And opened the door of eulogy & Praise (of Allah) upon them so that He may make his favors & beneficences great & plentiful for them.' 1

2. I testify that there is no Deity (Lord) except the sole & matchless Allah. And the testification of the singleness of Allah is a word that Allah has declared sincerity (as) its reality, & made the hearts the center of its contact & union. And has made the specifications & research of the oneness of Allah's station obvious & evident In the light of meditation. The Allah Who cannot be seen by the eyes & tongues are unable & baffled to describe His virtues & attributes. And the intelligence & apprehension of man is helpless & destitute from the imagination of his lowness. 2

3. Allah made all the beings without previous matter & sample & shape & pattern. And made them wear the dress of life by His main & might’s & created them according to His divine will & Intention, short of it that He might have needed their creation, or have wished any benefit for Himself from their shaping & sketching, except this that he wanted to give a proof of His wisdom & make the people (creations) aware about His obedience & submission, & Invited them to his servitude & worship & make His Invitation grand & ostentatious. 3

5. And I testify that my father Muhammad (S) is the apostle & the servant of Allah. And Allah’ selected &chose him before appointing him at the post of Prophethood. And He named him before choosing & selecting him. And chose him before everything & delegating him. Then all the creations were hidden & covered in the covers of unseen & were hidden amid the screen & curtain of fear & fright & stayed near the last & final border of non-entity (nothingness), for, Allah was aware of & knew the end of matters & because of His encompassing the incidents of times & ages, & His knowledge of the predestinates.

Allah appointed him (as apostle) so that he may complete all His matter & Implement His order & materialize His decrees & predestinates. 5

6. Allah saw nations & groups had various different sects in their religion & scattered & staying on the verge of the fires of differences, busy with their idol worshipping. They denied God with all the signs and symbols of him. (Irfan) So Allah illuminated the darkness’s through my father Muhammad (S) and removed the darkness’s from their hearts, removed (cured) the blindness of the eyes. 6

7. My father Muhammad (S) stood up with (his) guidance among the people. And saved them from perversion & aberration, and turned their blindness into enlightenment and guided them towards the firm religion. And called (invited) them to the straight way. 7

8. You the servants of Allah, are the ones to maintain His injunctions & prohibitions, & the carriers of His religion, & His revelation, & the trustees of Allah upon your souls, & the propagators of His religion among the other nations. 8

9. Oh the servants of Allah! (Beware) the real leader from Allah, is present among you and the commitment has previously been made to you and the remaining & left over of the prophet hood has been appointed for your guidance.

That is the speaking book of Allah the truthful Quran, & a beaming & gleaming light, in which all the secrets & facts about the completion of man & his prosperity have been exhibited & illuminated. It guides from darkness towards light of guidance. Its followers are the subject of envoy of others. 9

10. The book of Allah is the guide of its followers towards the pleasure of Allah. Listening (carefully) to it leads to the salvation. The enlightened & conspicuous evidences & proofs of Allah can be obtained through it. And (also the knowledge) of His interpreted intentions & fear invoking constraining prohibitions & His sufficing testimonies & conspicuous arguments, & desired virtues & allowed endowments & gifts & obligatory divine laws. (Can be obtained from it) 10

30. Certainly, an apostle has come to you from among yourselves; grievous to him is your falling into distress, excessively solicitous respecting you; to the believers (he is) compassionate, merciful.

So if you assay & recognize him you will find he is my father not the father of your women & the brother of my cousin, (Ali (as)) not that of your men. And how nice a relation I have to him. So he propagated his prophetic (mission). He always used to turn his face from the polytheists.

And fought against them till he beat them up. He would invite people towards Allah by wisdom, & beautiful admonition. He broke the idols & scattered the aggregation of polytheists in a way that they ran away (from the battle fields), so that finally the hidden secret of oneness of Allah became manifested by him.

And he made the logic of religion reach the ears ( (of the people) & settled down the foam of the camels of Satan & turned the slogan yelling of those devils silent. And downed the agents of hypocrisy & mutual commitments of the infidels got dissolved till such time that, you (people) spoke to a group of enlightened & modest men with the words of oneness of Allah & sincerity.30)

31. You were on the edge of a fire ditch, and were a cup of drink & the morsel of a greedy one & a firebrand of every hasty one & were being trampled on (by other nations) & drank from the contaminated waters gathered over in ditches & your energy (food) was (secured by) the leaves of trees & desert grass. And for your abjectness & abasement you were always afraid that those around you might abduct you in the winking of an eye. So, Allah liberated you (of these misfortunes) through my father Mohammed (S). In spite of it that he (S) was involved & at war against the intrepid & the hungry wolves of Arab & the stubborn refractories of the people of the books (Jews & Christians). Whenever his opponents would lit the fire of war, Allah extinguished it to your benefit. 31

32. Imam Hassan (as) said, "on the Friday night I saw my, mother (Fatima (sa)) standing in her arch of prayer. She was continuously kneeling & performing prostration till the dawn broke. I would hear her pray for the faithful men & Women, but she did not at all pray for herself. 1 said, “Oh mother why did you not pray for yourself like you prayed for others?' so she replied, 'Oh my son, first thy neighbor & there after your own house."

34. One day a lady cwme.to Fatima (sa) & said 'I have a weak old mother who does not know a few problems about her Service (prayers). She has sent me towards you to question you (about them). Thus Fatima answered her (questions). And the number of her queries reached to ten & Fatima (sa) replied to all her questions. Then she (the woman got a shamed because of the high number of her questions. And said, 'Oh daughter of the Prophet (S) 'I do 'not put you to more inconvenience than this.

Fatima (sa) said, 'Ask me what you do not know. Have you ever seen a person who is one day hired to carry a heavy thing to the roof top from ground for an amount (equal to) a thousand dinars (nearly a hundred thousand miskal (unit of weight) of gold) & he may feel himself tired. She said “No”. Fatima (sa) said, 'I have been hired by Allah to get a wages which if the space between the earth & sky is filled up with pearls still (That wages) would he more than it for each of the questions I may answer you. Therefore, I deserve it that I must not feel tired "& exhausted.' 33

36. 'Oh Allah! Content me with the sustenance you have granted me. And till such time that you keep me alive, hide me & make me sound & prosperous. And forgive me & take pity upon me when I die. (During death process). Oh Allah! Do not help me in something that you have not predestined for me. And facilitate the achievement of that thing which you have predestined for me.' 35

37. Oh Allah! Bestow upon my parents and all those persons who have rights of their blessings & beneficences upon me, the best of your rewards. Oh my Allah, spare me the leisure & respite for the object for which you have created me. And do not let me be busy & involved (absolutely) in my commitments. And do not torment me when I ask forgiveness. And do not deprive me of what I yearn & question you for. 36

38. Underlying are the rhymes which Hazrat Zahra (sa) recited upon the mourning of Prophet's (S) demise.

'The person who smells the sweet fragrance of the grave of the Prophet (S) so what if he does not smell any other fragrance for long times to come?

Agonies & anguishes & griefs poured upon me in such a way that had they poured upon days those would have turned into nights. (Bleak, dark & bewildering). 37

38- ما انشدتهُ (ع) فیِ رثاء الرَّسُولِ صلی الله عليه وآله:

ماذا عَلی مَن شَمَّ تُربَةَ اَحمَد

اَن لا يَشُمَّ مَدَی الزَّمانِ غَوالِيا

صُبَّت عَلَيّ مَصائِبُ لوأنَّها

صُبَّت عَلَی الأَيّامِ صِرنَ لَيالِيا (اعلام النساء – ج4 ص113)

39. The dust of sorrow covered the space of sky & the sun has faded & the bright day turned bleak. The earth has become dark & gloomy after the death of the Prophet (S) woe! Alas! What the earth will have much of Jolting upon being separated & parted from him (S)?

It is meritorious & befitting that the east & west of the' world may weep upon the parting of Prophet (S) & the persons of Muzzir tribe & all of the rest of the men tribes shed tears;

And the great magnificent mountain of the existence & the hidden & covered Kabaah (House of Allah) & its pillars should shed tears.

Oh the terminator & finalize of the (series of) prophets! The light of whom is the source of blessing for the world's inhabitants, Be the salutation & blessings of Allah the descended of Holy Quran upon you. 38

40. Following you (Prophet (S)) inequities (intrigues & revolts) took shape & variant voices were raised so that if you were present & supervising (things) all these differences & deviations would not have taken place.

You setoff (on the journey of eternity) from among us & now our condition is like the earth which becomes devoid of the beneficial rains. And your nation upset the order & discipline of matters. So be a witness & do not let their matter get out of your sight. 39

The Third Infallible: First Imam Hazrat Ali and his Forty Discourses

Time & Place of birth: 13th of Rajab ten years before the raising of Prophet. Born inside kabah.

Duration of Caliphate: 30 years

Time & Place of martyrdom: Morning of 19th Ramadan-40th hijrah was injured by Abdul rehman Ibn muijim and passed away on the 21st of Ramadan at the age of 63 years. Tomb in Najaf Ashraf (Iraq)

Duration of age four stages:

I. Childhood, duration nearly ten years.

2. Duration in the service of prophet (S) Nearly 23 years.

3. Duration of avoiding the Government machinery approx. 25 years.

4. Duration of Apparent caliphate 4 years nine months.

I.note: He was forced & obliged to avoid the interference in the caliphate machine. Although he was nominated openly by Allah & the Prophet (S) on various occasions including the feast of Zul Ashira. * Upon the day of Ghadeer khumm in the presence of nearly one hundred thousand pilgrim companions of the Prophet (S), unfortunately after the sad demise of the Prophet (S), Muslims turned down the ordain of Allah (SWT)’s Prophet by rejecting his caliphate creating a split and Ideologkal difference with the true school of Islamic Ideology presumed by the holy Prophe (S).

2. Indeed, Allah raised Muhammad (S) upon the righteousness so that he may move His servants out of the (state of) adoration of servants towards His own adoration, & from the commitment of His slaves towards His own commitment & from the obedience of His slaves towards His own obedience & from the guardian ship of his servants to His own guardian ship. 2

4. The one who is pleased & satisfied with the deed of a nation (group) is like the one who has shared that with it. And for all those entering into a falsehood there are two sins; the sin of practice & the sin of being pleased with it.4

The one who is keen & eager for Heaven steps aside the passionate temptations & the one who has the fear of hell fire abstains & refrains from the forbidden deeds & the one who has asceticism in the world takes the calamities & anguishes (of life) easy & the person who is looking forward to & waiting for death makes haste & hurry towards the good deeds.

And Jihad (holy war) is based upon four branches. 1. The ordering of good deeds.

So, the one who orders the good deeds strengthens the backs of faithful’s. And the one who stops people from bad deeds has rubbed the noses of the infidels upon dust (belittled & weakened them). And the one who truth fully stands up in the battle field has discharged an obligatory practice. And the one who gets enraged & furious with the transgressors & gets angry for Allah, Allah too becomes enraged & angry for his sake & will please him on the resurrection day. 5

6. So indeed, Jihad (holy war) is a door out of the doors of Heaven. Allah has opened it upon His special friends (saints). And that (Jihad) is the dress of piety & the firm & securing armored Jacket of Allah & His dependable shield & the one who abandons it because of being uninclined to it, Allah makes him put on the dress of humility. 6

7. Indeed, the erupting of sedition & iniquity is due to the following of lustful desires & the artificial laws & rules, those orders & laws which are against the book of Allah. And a group of men stands up to defend those as against the religion & constitution of Allah.

If falsehood had completely segregated from the righteousness, it would not have remained concealed & hidden from those who are in the search of truth.

And if the righteousness had been purified from the falsehood the tongues of the enemies & rivals would have shortened from it. But they fetch a piece of right & a piece & part of falsehood & mix them up. This is where Satan overwhelms his friends. And only those who are the object of the beneficence of Allah get salvation. 7

12. Two person broke my back in the world. 1. A glib tongued transgressor.

2. A bleak hearted ignorant adorer.

And the first one stops & constrains others from reaching for his transgression. While the other one blocks the way to the finishing of his ignorance, by his adoration. Thus be afraid of transgressor scholar & the ignorant adorer because these (two) are the test (ordeal) for all those who get enchanted.

I heard the Prophet of Allah saying, 'the destruction & annihilation of (people of) my ummah is at the hands of all the glib tongued hypocrites (Allem ullisan means a person who knows how to exactly use his tongue to his benefit). 12

13. Absolutely must never the good doer & the evil doer be equal in your eyes, since, this thing becomes the reason of the inclination of those performing good deeds in their performance of good deeds & the encouragement & incentive of the evil doer upon doing bad deeds. 13

14. People do not abandon anything from the affair of their religion for the rectification (progress) of their world (life) except that Allah opens the (vistas of) more harmful thing for them (than that). 14

15. Indeed world (matter) is the extreme end of the vision of a blind (hearted person). He does not see anything beyond that. But the one having vision looks at it with deep & profound (Penetrating) eye sight & knows that the (permanent) home is beyond that. So the visions is prepared to march off from it. But the blind hearted has pinned up & fixed his gaze upon it. The visions picks up his provision of journey from it But the blind one makes provision for it. 15

16. Make your own self the standard in social conduct between yourself & the other person. Thus do like the same for other person which you love for your own self. And dislike for others what you dislike & hate for yourself. Do not commit excess upon anyone just as you like it that no one must commit aggression against your own self. And do favor others just as you like others doing favor to you. And what you regard bad for others do regard that bad for yourself as well.

It what you like to do with the people is done to you then do love it. (For yourself).

And do not say what you do not know, instead even do not say all that you know.

And do not utter a word which you dislike other's saying it to you. 16

18. The one whose conversation & speech becomes large in quantity his faults become plenty in number. And the one whose faults become great in number his modesty, & shame decreases. And that one whose modesty lessens his piety decreases. And the person whose piety decreases his heart dies. And the one whose heart dies he enters the hell fire. 18

20. All the beneficences have been gathered in three qualities: sighting 2. Silence 3. Speech. All the sighting & viewing which do not take place for learning lesson are forgetfulness & all the silences which are devoid of mediation are forgetfulness. And all the speeches & talks which lack the remembrance of Allah are null & void. So heaven you be for the one who’s sighting & viewing is for taking lesson & silence is meditation & conversation is the remembrance of Allah. And he weeps upon his sins (repenting) & people are safe & secure from his harm. 20

21. Indeed the son has a right over his father & the father (too) certainly has a right upon his son so the right of father upon the son is this that he obeys him in all the things except the sins forbidden by Allah. And the son's right upon his father is that he gives him a good name & good training & make him learn the Quran. 21

22. The world is a house of truth for the one who deals it with truth & a house of safety for the one who understands (something) from it & a house of wealth for the one who wishes to take provision (for journey) from it. The world is the mosque & place of prostration of the Prophets & the descending place of Allah’s revelation And the service place of the angels. And the market of His friends, those who achieved & got the mercy (of Allah) & earned paradise in it. So who denounces it? Whereas it has announced its separation & called aloud (regarding) its departure & parting. And informed about its death. So it has made them attentive by its happiness toward felicities (joys & comforts) & by its anguishes & calamities toward the afflictions. Sometime it scares & sometime it warns. (And at times) it persuades & incites & terrifies. So oh you who mentions ill of the world, where as you are yourself fascinated & charmed by the deceptions of the world. When has it ever deceived you?

Was it when it handed over your fore fathers to perishing, annihilation & decay? Or when it made your mothers disappear under the dust? 22

23. O, people, the most frightening things regarding which I am afraid about you are two things: The following of passions & desires, and the longevity of hopes & aspirations. So the following of passions constrains & stops one from reaching the way of righteousness (Allah's path) & as for the longevity (abundance) of hopes & aspirations that makes one forget the Hereafter. 23

24. The person who corrects & rectifies his interior, Allah rectifies his exterior (obvious & apparent affairs) and the person who practices for his religions, Allah suffices & completes his worldly affairs. And the one who rectifies & beautifies what is between him & Allah. Allah beautifies & improves what goes between him & the people (relations). 24

25. Do not make the most of your work & business pertinent & associated to your wife & children's (bread & butter) since, if they are the friends of Allah, Allah does not waste (destroy) His friends and if they be the enemies of Allah so then why do you spend all your energies for the sake of enemies of Allah.

29. Beware! Shall I not inform you about the jurisprudent the right & real jurisprudent? The real jurisprudent is the one who does not permit & allow the people to commit sins. And does not make the people be disappointed with the mercy of Allah & does neither make the people think they are safe from the plan of Allah. And does not abandon & leave aside the Quran for the inclination & attraction toward anything else than it.

The service which is devoid of religious understanding & insight has no beneficence in it. And there is no beneficence in the knowledge which lacks pondering & contemplation and no beneficence in recitation of Quran without meditation & thought. 29

31. Verily, the pious ones take share from the swiftly passing world as well as the soon approaching here after. So they share the people of the world in their world (materials & resources) but they (sons of the world) do not take any share from their resurrection day. 31

33. If you made your religion (faith) follow & stay under hand of your world, you perished both your religion & the world. And you would be from the losers on the dooms day. And if you made your world (life) stay under the hand of religion then you achieved both your religion & world & would be among the successful ones in the Hereafter. 33

34. The world's example is that of a snake which is soft to touch but it has a perilous poison in its body cavity. The ignorant one forms an attachment with it but the sage & sane person guards himself from it. 34

35. Oh Kumail the hearts are similar to utensils, taking things in. The best of them are those which take in more. So take in what I say to you.

People are of three categories:

1. The Godly scholars.

2. The students on the way to salvation.

3. The silly & stupid ones who run after every call, & move too & fro with each wind that blows. They are the same (people) who have not been illuminated by the light of knowledge, & have not taken refuge in a strong & firm pillar. 35

36. I recommend you five things for obtaining which if you have to move around on the camel backs in the deserts even then it is worthwhile & befitting.

1. Do not have hope in anyone except Allah. 2. Do not be afraid of anything except your sins. 3. If one of you is questioned about something which he does not know. He must not be shy & must say I do not know.

4. When one of you does not know a thing he must not feel shame & shy in learning it.

5. Exercise patience & forbearance in every work, since, the patience does not have any example with regards to faith except that of body with the head. The body without head does not have any good & beneficence, (similarly) faith without patience does not have any beneficence in it. 36

38. The person calling & inviting others without himself practicing is just like an arrow man with a bow without a string (cord). (An arrow cannot be thrown by the help of a string less or cord less bow) 38

1. Praise & Eulogy is for Allah who hears the conversation of who so ever talks and if he remains silent (then) He knows whatever is there in his interior (soul). And who ever lives, his sustenance is upon Allah & who so ever dies his resurrection is with Allah. 1

2. Oh my son! Do not become the companion of anyone (& don't befriend) but when you come to know about the places he comes & goes to (visits). And after you have minutely observed (his character) & got pleased with his association & social conduct then acquire his company, on the basis of forgiving the faults & (extending) consolation during the hardships. 2

3. the most sighting eye is the one which penetrates (views) into the blessings & beneficences, and the most auditory ear is the one which takes in (comprehends & retains) admonition, & gets benefitted by it. The healthiest of hearts is the heart which is pure from doubts. 3

15. There is a distance of four fingers between the rights & false hood (eyes & ears). What you saw with your eyes that is right. And you have heard plenty number of false & untrue things through your ears. 14

16. Do not struggle hard like a successful (searcher) of material and do not depend upon destiny like those who surrender to it (Neither greed nor laziness). Because seeking the grace (of God) is a Sunnah (tradition) & not being greedy in seeking sustenance is piety & modesty. Neither modesty is the cause of sustenance repulsion nor does greed attract grace (plentifulness & wealth). (Adopt the middle one of the two ways.) 15

17. No nation counselled but that they were guided toward their progress. (Aims of achieving prosperity affluence, success, & maturity & copulation.) 16

17- ما تَشاوَرَ قَومٌ اِلّا هُدُوا اِلی رُشدِ هِم. (تحف العقول،ص223)

18. He Describing the virtues of a pious companion said ', He was greater than the other people in my eyes. The loftiest virtue which had made him great in my eyes (opinion, view) is that the world was small (valueless) in his eyes.

He had attained freedom from the domination of ignorance. And never begged from anyone, except the trust worthy person, for a benefit.

He did not complain & did not get enraged & furious & was not put out of patience. (By weariness or annoyance). Most of the times he remained silent but when he opened up his lips to talk he would be at the zenith of all the speakers. He was weak & feeble but when it came to struggle & strife he was a fierce lion. He was more inclined to lend ear in the gathering of scholars than talk.

If someone overcame him in speech, no one could overcome him in silence. He never said what he did not practice (but) practiced what he did not say. When he was confronted with two matters that he did not know which one of those was nearer to Allah, then he would see which of those was nearer to his desire so he would oppose it.

He did not blame anyone for the works where in there was room for excuse, in similar cases. 17

19. Janada bin umaiyyah says I visited Imam Hassan bin Ali bin Abu talib during the ailment which caused his death. I said "Oh lord why do you not get yourself treated? He said ',0 Abdullah with what may I treat the death? I said "انا لله وانا اليه راجعون (Indeed, we are for Allah & toward HIM shall we go back) then he turned to me & said ',By Allah, the Prophet of Allah (S) got us committed that twelve Imams would be the owners of this matter (Imamate) from the sons of Ali (as) & Fatima (sa) There is none of us but that he would be poisoned or slain. And then he (S) admonished me.'

He said 'yes, get ready for your journey (towards resurrection day) & get your provisions before your death arrival. And know it that you seek the world (material sources) & death is seeking you. Do not load the worry of the day which has not yet come, upon your present day. And beware that you do not achieve & attain a wealth above your energy but you are a trustee of it (wealth) for another person. And do know that there is account in it's lawful & permitted, & in it's prohibited lies punishment & retribution, & in it's paradox & doubtful there is reproof. So, suppose the world as if it is a dead corpse (dirt).

Take out of it which is sufficient for you. So if it is halal (lawful & legal) you have adopted piety & asceticism. And if it (sustenance) is (from) prohibited there wold be no load (upon you) since you took out of it just as you took out of a dead corpse. And if there is a reproof that reproof is easy (soft one). And work for your world as if you would live here for ever & work for your resurrection day & here after as if you have to die tomorrow. And if you intend to achieve honour without a tribe & appalling presence & majesty without a ruler ship then move out of the abjectness & disgrace of committing sin forbidden by Allah, towards the honour of the obedience of Allah. 18

28. Arrogance is the cause of destruction & annihilation of religion & Satan was cursed due to it. And greed is the enemy of soul & Adam was expelled by it from the paradise & jealousy is the guide to wickedness for the same reason Qabil (Cain) killed Abel. 27
It is better to face the shame of simple life, devoid of accepting the domination of taghoot than leading such luxurious life which results in entering the Hellfire.

29. It is for you to ponder because it is the (source of the) life of visionist’s heart. 28

29- عَلَيکُم بِالفِکرِ فإِنَّهُ حَياةُ قَلبِ البَصِيرِ. بحار ج78 ص115

30. The one who does not have wits & intelligence does not have decorum & decency & the one who lacks fortitude, does not have generosity & magnanimity & that one who does not possess shame & modesty, does not have religion. 29

38. I am surprised over the person who thinks about the things he eats (so that those are hygienic & clean) how does he not think & ponder about his spiritual (matters) so he avoids the harmful foods to enter his stomachs but his chest (mind) becomes the rendezvous of deviational, low meanings. 37

40. And know it that indeed whoever fears Allah (adopts piety) Allah paves his way of salvation out of the inequities. And makes him firm in his matter. And provides him (the path of) guidance. And makes his proof & arguments successful & enlightens his face and grants him what he desires. He is with those upon whom Allah has bestowed His beneficences & boons from among the Prophets & the truthful & the martyrs & pious ones. 39

1. (Oh Allah) How could an argument be given about your Existence by a thing whose total & complete existence is in need of you?

Is it that the advent of other than you is such that the like (advent) is not present in you, so that the one other than you becomes a. clear evidence (expression) of your presence? When did you ever disappear so that you might need an evidence &logic to lead (the people) towards you? And when did you ever become away & take distance so that your signs & effects make the people get, in touch with you?

Blind be the eye which does not see you (Whereas) you are observing him. (Prayer of Arafaa day i.e 9th of Zilhaaj). 1

2. The one who lacked & missed you what did he find? And what is it that he lacks, the one who finds you? Certainly, the one who got pleased & inclined toward other than you, came to nothingness (failed).2

5. Allah, firstly mentioned, 'command for good & forbid to do evil' as one of His obligatory services, since, He knew that if these two obligatory are performed & established, all the obligatory services out of easy & hard will get performed & established. Because, 'command for good & forbid to do evil' invites to Islam, along with giving out the right of those having right & opposing of the tyrants & oppressors. 5

6. O, people! the Prophet of Allah (S) said the person who sees that a tyrant & unjust king has made the things forbidden by Allah legal & allowed, broken & breeched His promise & perjure opposed the sunnah & tradition of prophet of Allah, acted among the servants of lord with sin & tyranny. So when he does not act against him (the king) through practice or speech. It is Allah's right to make him enter into his (kings) place of entry (Hell). 6

7. Indeed people are the servants of world & the religion is (like) saliva upon their tongues, they churn it around their tongues till they are living. And when they are faced with a test, the religious ones are only rare. 7

9. Do you not see that the right is not being put into practice & distance is not being taken from the falsehood? (In this situation) the faithful is inclined to it (it suits him) that he meets Allah. 9

11. And your calamity is greater than all the people because the stations of scholars have been snatched off from you (the rulers have forcibly occupied the stations of ulema & scholars & you are following the occupiers blindly). Wish, you knew this since, (from Islamic point of veiw) the implantation & exercising of the ordinances & matters should be in the hands of God recognizing scholars who are the trustees of His legal & forbidden. But you have been deprived of that post. And that you have not been deprived of that but for the reason that you have detached yourselves from the right &, of your differences in the Sunnah (tradition) after the appearance of conspicuous arguments. Had you been patient upon the torture (of enemy) & had endured & borne the expenditure on Allah's course the matters of Allah (the management of Muslim affairs) would have come to your hands & those would have originated from you & returned to you but, you got the tyrants imposed at your place & surrendered the affairs of Allah to them. They practice upon doubtful (ambiguous) & move on the course of lustful desires. Your running away from the death & attachment with the life, which must part from you, made them imposed upon that (mentioned above). 11

12. Oh Allah, You know all that took place at our hand (struggle, movement against evils) was neither for the lust of kingship (power) nor to gain wealth but it was for manifesting the signs & symbols of Your religion & to bring about & implement amendment & correction (reform) in Your cities & make the oppressed & afflicted ones out of Your servants peaceful & that Your obligatory & desirable services & commands be put into practice. 12

13. I have not stood up upon the incentive & provocation of self-conceit & arrogance & not as a chaos creator & oppressor and indeed I have come out (stood up) wishing the rectification of my grandfather Mohammed (S) ummah. I want to order the good deed & forbid the evil & put into practice the character & morale of my grandfather Muhammad (S) & father Ali Ibn Abi talib (as) &13

14. If the world is taken to be a superb & decent house then the house of Allah's reward is more superior & sublime. And if the bodies have been created for death, then being slain with sword on the way of Allah would be better.

And if the substances have been distributed according to the divine destinies then the lesser greed of man for drawing sustenance is more beautiful.

And if the wealth’s are collected & gathered for being left over (passing away without carrying the wealth along to the next world) why does then the free man become stingy & miser about the things to be left behind. 14

14- فَإن تَکُن الدُّنيا تُعَدُّ نَفيسَةً

فَدارُ ثَوابِ اللهِ أَعلی وَأَنبَلُ

وَاِن تَکُن الأً بدانُ لِلمُوتِ أنشِئَت

فَقَتل آمریءٍ بِالسَّيفِ في اللهِ أفضَلُ

وَاِن تَکُن الأً رزاقُ قَسماً مقدّراً

فَقِلَّةُ حِرصِ المَرءِ في الرِّزقِ أَجمَلُ

وَاِن تَکُن الأً موالُ لِلتَّرکِ جَمعُها

فَما بالُ مَتروکٍ بِهِ آلحُرُّ يَبخَلُ

(بحار الانوار ج44 ص374)

15. 'Oh followers of the Abu Sufian family if you do not have religion & you are not afraid of the resurrection day then be free in your world. (At least behave freely in your worldly affairs.) 15

16. A group worships Allah for the avidity (reward of paradise) this is the service of traders & a group worships Allah due to fear (from hell & the torment of Allah) this is the service of slaves (who obey their masters being afraid of them). And a group worships Allah as thanksgiving, so this is the service of free men & is the superior most service. 16

18. Oh people! take lesson from what Allah has admonished His friends, wherein He negatively defined (rebuked) the people of the book (Jew) scholars & said, 'Why do the scholars of Jews & Christian not forbid & refrain people from sinful talks (or deviational beliefs) & also said ', Those among the sons of Israel who became infidels were cursed through the tongue of Daud (as) (David) & Essa (as) Christ. What an evil did they commit?

Allah rebuked those scholars because they saw the evils & corruptions in the society before their eyes & did not forbid them from that, for, their inclination towards the material gains which they received from them & for the fear from what they were harassed of.

Although Allah says “And do not be harassed by the people & have the fear of Me. 18
And again says “the faithful men & women are friends & helpers of each other. And order (each other) the good deeds & stop from evil doings'. 19

25. A man came to the chief of martyrs Imam Hussain (A.S) & said " I am a man who commits sin & do not have patience & constraining power against sin & wrongs, so admonish me with a (piece of) admonition.

Thus he (S) said Do five things & commit any sin you may wish. First is that do not eat the sustenance of Allah & do commit any sin you wish. And secondly, get out of the dominion of Allah & do perform any sin you like to & thirdly seek a place where Allah does not see you & commit any sin you please & fourthly when the angel of death come to take your soul, repel him from yourself & do any sin you may please. And fifthly when Malik (the in charge of the Hell) makes you enter the fire do not enter the fire (hell) & do any sin which you may please. 26

26. Take care, not to do anything for which you have to apologize. Because the faithful does not commit wrong (sin) & does not apologize & the hypocrite commits sin all the days & (then) extends apologies. 27

1. Glory be to Allah who made (declared) the acknowledgment of His beneficence as His praise & Eulogy. Glory be to the one who made (declared) the confession of man's inability to thank him as a thank giving. 1

3. Be careful not to acquire the company of sinners & help the oppressors & tyrants & become the neighbor of transgressors. Be careful keep & look out their sedition & commotion & keep away from their area. And be aware that the one who opposes the friends & saints of Allah & follows a religion other than the religion of Allah & self willingly makes his own view as the basis of his matter than that of the saint of Allah (omits the command of saints) will get into roaring fire which eats up the bodies, the bodies, which were overwhelmed by their wretchedness & villainy. So take lesson, oh those having eyes & visions & do praise Allah upon His guiding you & do know that you cannot go out of the (sphere of) Allah's power towards the power of other than him. And Allah is watching your practices & then you would get resurrected towards him. Therefore, get benefitted by the admonition (of Allah) & get trained & chastised with the civility (decorum) of those pious. 3

4. Imam Sajjad wrote in a letter to Mohammed lbne Muslim azzahari one of the court scholars of that age:

Allah took a committment from the scholars in his book, where in, He said 'manifest them to the people & do not hide them (the facts of the Holy Books). 4

And know it, that the least & minimum of that You hide & the lowest (degree) of weight of responsibility which you will carry (on this way) is that you calmed down & soothed up the fear & harassment of the tyrant & (paved & planned) made the way of his error & enticement, easy for him by your getting closer to him.

Is it not that by their inviting you they wish to make you like axis of a water mill, the pivot & center of their oppressions & get those things managed through you?

And make you a bridge to (safely) cross over & avoid their nuisances & evils, & make you a stair towards their deviations & aberrations, a caller & inviter towards their way of enticement & error i & the traverser of their way & make the people doubtful about the scholars through yourself. And attract the hearts of the ignorant public towards themselves through you. The work which they get from you is neither accessible to the most expert of their ministers & nor their most powerful & energetic co-workers & helpers.

So how little is it that they give you for the worth of what they take from you & how worthless is that which they flourish for you as compared to what they ruin for you?

So see into your soul & think about yourself because no one else will see to it & think about it. (You are a responsible person & will be brought to account & undergo question on the resurrection day). 5

5. There is no drop which is dearer to Allah more than two drops: The drop of blood (which drips out) on the course of Allah (Jihad) & the drop of tear in the darkness of night by which a servant does not want anything except (pleasing & loving) Allah. 6

6. There are three (things)which are refuges & shelters for a faithful; to refrain his tongue from the people & their back biting, and keeping himself busy with things (matters) which are beneficial for his futurity, here after & the world; protracted & lengthy weeping upon his sin. 7

7. There are three (qualities) which if present in a faithful, he is supported & backed by Allah, & Allah provides him the shade of His celestial throne & secures him from the great horror of the dooms day: the one who gives those rights to the others which he wishes & looks forwards to from the others.

And the man who does not extend his hand & does not take a step ahead till he knows (for sure) that his step is in the (direction of) obedience of Allah or in his sin.

And the person who does not find fault with his brother till he abandons that fault himself. 8

9. Indeed, the inner knowledge & gnosis & the zenith of the religion of a Muslim is abandoning such talk which is meaningless & futile, & the scarcity of his dispute & argument, & his forbearance & his patience & fortitude & his politeness & good conduct. 10

18. Never the less, the right of your neighbor is this that you save & defend his (honor) during his absence & honor him in his presence & assist him when he gets oppressed & do not be after finding his fault. So if you get informed regarding anything bad & ugly about him then conceal it. And if you know that he will accept your admonition then admonish him in the matter which is between you & him. And do not let him alone at the time of hardship & calamity & overlook his slips & forgive his fault. (Sin) And have a good conduct & munificent social intercourse with him. 19

19. Oh Allah save me from it that I may think that the poor stays at a low & objected place or I think that the rich & wealthy has a superior station. Because, noble is the one, who is honored & sublimated by your obedience & respected in the one who is made respect worthy by your service. 20

20. And the faithful, his practice is intermingled with forbearance & clemency, he sits at a place to learn; & keeps silent to remain sound; does not speak out a word trusted to him, among his friends; & he does not conceal a witness about the strangers & does not practice anything from the righteousness out of pomp & show & does not abandon it out of shame & shyness. If he is praised he gets afraid from it that the conversation of those praising him (would put him in a state of pride) & (so) he repents over his sins which they are unaware of & the ignorance of ignorant ones does not harm him. 21

21.1. However, the right of the beneficent upon you is this that you thank him;

2. Mention his beneficence (to the people): 3. and propagate decent & nice words about him. 4. And pray sincerely for him in that which is between you & Allah. And if you do so, then you have thanked him secretly & openly. Then if it is possible do practically compensate for his favors or otherwise remain waiting for a chance divine aid to compensate him.22

22. Indeed, dearer one to Allah among you is the one whose practice is better. (The better the practice the dearer to Allah). And the practice of that one is greater before Allah whose keenness & eagerness for the reward of Allah is greater.

And doubtlessly that one among you whose fear from Allah is greater, his salvation & security from the wrath of Allah is easier.

And the nearest one to Allah among you is the one whose morality is the best.

And Allan is most pleased with the one among you who gives the most of the vast sustenance to his family. And the most honorable & respect worthy among you in the Allah's view is the most pious one among you.23

24. One day Imam Sajjad (as) saw a patient who had recovered. He said to him " congratulations to you over the purifier from sins (ailment) Indeed Allah has mentioned you, so you mention Him-And He has forgiven your sins, so do thank him. 25

27. A person said to Ali lbn al Hussain (as) “Oh son of the Prophet (S) how did you commence your morning?' He replied “I commenced the morning with eight peculiarities being demanded from me. Allah (swt) demands the obligatory (services), & the Prophet (S) demands (his) sunnah (traditions) the family asks for sustenance & the soul demands the lust (desires), & Satan demands (me to commit) sin & the protectors (two angels who write down both good & bad deeds of man while they also protect & defend him against mishaps) demand the sincerity of practice, & the angel of death demands the soul, & the grave demands (my) body, & I have got stationed among such affairs, being demanded from.28

33. What a number of those enchanted by the words (praise) of people about him & what a number of those who get proud & insolent by Allah's nice hiding (of their faults & sins) & what a number of those who get neglectful & heedless by the favor & kindness of Allah. 34

38. ‘Oh people have fear of Allah & know it (that) you will revert back towards him. And every soul will find his good deeds what so ever present over there.

And whatever be his bad deeds he would wish a vast distance between himself & those deeds.

And Allah cautions you from himself (His chastisement) oh inadvertent & unmindful sons of Adam! Woe be upon you & but they are not unmindful of him (The waking eyes of the universe is watching him). Indeed your death is the most swift & quickest thing moving towards you. Very soon it will catch hold of you. When the cup of your life would have turned brimful then the angle of death would take out your soul & you would arrive your grave all alone.

Then your soul will be turned back towards you and two angles Munkir & Nakeer will come to you for questioning & the severed & arduous examination. Beware! Their first question from you will be as to 'Who is your lord, the one you had been worshipping?' And (question) about who is your prophet that was sent to you.' And about your religion the one you had been believing in? And about you’re Imam (religious leader) after the Prophet, in whose guardian ship you believed! And about your life as in what sort of activities you spent it.

And about your wealth, as to where you earned & achieved it from & in what way you spent it? 39

39. The right of your mother is that you know she has carried you (in her womb) in a manner that nobody has carried the other. And fed you from the fruit of her heart in a way that nobody has fed the other. She safe guarded & preserved you with (extreme) pleasure by her ears, & eyes & hands & feet & hair & skin & all of her body parts with joy & felicity, bearing in it all the odds pains, agonies, discomforts,& burdens till such time the hand of Allah detached & expelled you from her to the earth. Then she got contented & pleased that she remains hungry & feeds you & dresses you up remaining herself nude & quenches your thirst while she is thirsty & she puts you in the shade & while herself remains under the sun & brings you up with the extreme blandishment & delicacy while herself (remaining) in hardship.

And makes you enjoy the sweet sleep while herself waking. And her womb was a container (utensil) for you & her lap was a soothing & comforting place for you. And her breasts were a means of quenching your thirst. And her existence was a shield for protecting you.

She endured the hot & cold (thick & thin) of the world for your sake.

Therefore, you must also thank her at the same scale & standard. And you do not have the capability & power of doing it but with the aid & help of Allah & his succor & grace. 40

40. Provide yourself with the medium of your defense & contemplate about yourself. And prepare the answer before the examination & cross questioning & experiencing conversance. So if you are a faithful & knowledge able & visions about your religion, follower of the truthful, friend & lover of the friends, & saint of Allah, Allah will inspire & revel ate to your argument & your tongue shall utter the correct & suitable answer & you shall give a decent response & answer.

And you will be given the glad tidings of paradise & good pleasure (of Allah). And the angels will greet & welcome you with happiness, bounty and fragrance (of paradise).

And if you were not like that your tongue will stammer & your argument will become forfeited & false & you will get unable & incapable to reply & will get the news of fire & the angels of chastisement & torment will receive you with the boiling hot water & the fuming & flaming hell. 41

Mother: Fatima Bint Hassan (as) Thus he is the descendent of Bani Hashim both from the paternal & maternal sides.

Time & Place of birth: The 1st of Rajab or the 3rd of Safar, 57th Hijrah, in Medina.

Time & Place of martyrdom: Monday the 7th of zilhijah 114 Hijrah at the age of 57 years. Was poisoned & martyred, at behest & order of Hasham bin Abdul Malik, in Medina.

Holy Grave In Janat ul Baqi, graveyard of Medina.

The Duration of life: three years, six months & ten day .along with his grandfather Imam Hussain (as)

(2) Thirty four years & fifteen days at the service of his father Imam Sajjad (as)

(3) Period of his own Imamate was Nineteen years, ten months & twelve days he, During this age in which the Bani Omaiyed & Bani Abbas were at war & confrontation, he made good of the chance to the maximum in connection with training of pupils & students & the consolidation & expansion of Shiite school & bringing about cultural revolution.

1. The one who goes to an oppressor & tyrant ruler & Instructs him to acquire piety & scares him & admonishes, preaches, & exhorts him he would have a reward similar & equivalent to both weighty beings the mankind & the Jinn & the similar (quantity) of their good deeds. 1

2. Islam is founded & based upon five things the maintaining of services & the giving out of alms & the Hajj of the House of Allah (kaabah) & the fasting of Ramadan month & the guardian ship of us the Ahle bait (Household of the Prophet (S)) So in four of those there exists excuse (leave & permission) But in (accepting & believing) guardianship no room for excuse or allowance has been given. And for the person who does not possess wealth, there exists no Zakat (alms giving) & the one who is devoid of wealth, does not have to perform Hajj.

And the one who is ill offers his prayers sitting & may not observe fast. Nonetheless, the guardianships is binding & obligatory while he is healthy or ill or whether he is rich & wealthy or possessing no wealth. 2

3. Allah revealed to Shuaib (as) I will chastise one hundred thousand persons out of your community, forty thousand of their evil & wicked ones & sixty thousands from the pious ones among them.'

So he said 'Oh lord, these (forty thousands) are the evil ones so what for these pious (are to be tormented')?

Thus Allah (SWT) revealed to him saying, 'for the reason that those pious ones coaxed & blandished the people of sin during their social inter courses they showed adaptability & sociability to the sinners And did not become angry with them for the sake of My anger & displeasure i.e. (they did not perform the duty of ordering the good deeds & forbidding the evils doings.) 3

4. The obedience of Imam following His recognition is the loftiest apex & peak & the most worthy of stations & the key to the religion, & gate way & door to the affairs & pleasure of the merciful (Allah).

Moreover, if a man keeps standing whole night for prayers & keeps on fasting during the day & gives out all his wealth as alms & perform Hajj all the years of his life and does not recognize the guardianship of the saint of Allah so as to love him & perform all his practices under his guidance & leadership, he does not have any right out of His rewards & he is not from among the faithfuls. 4

5. And do know that you will not become our friend until (such time) that if all the inhabitants of your city collectively form this opinion about you & say 'Indeed you are a bad person'. This saying of them does not make you sorrowful & if they say ', Indeed you are a pious man' this does not make you glad. And but you compare yourself with the book of Allah.

So if you are the traverser of its way, pious in its pieties (wherever you are demanded & required to be pious), prone & inclined towards its persuasion, afraid of its Intimidation & threatening, so remain firm. And glad tiding for you because what they (people) say about you shall not harm you. 5

6. Suleman bin Khalid narrates Abi Jaffar Imam Mohammed Baqir said "May I not inform you about the Islam's principle, its derivative & its summit, apex & hump?' I said 'yes why not, I may lay my life for you.'

He said "However, its principle is service & its derivative is alm giving & its peak & summit is Jihad (holy war). Then he said', If you please I may inform you regarding the doors of beneficence.'

I said 'yes, I may lay my life for you.' He said ', .Fasting is a shield against (hell) fire & charity & dole removes & finishes sin, & so does the remembrance of Allah in the mid of night.6

7. The person who serves Allah according to a religion so putting himself in great inconvenience & hardship for it & does not have (submit to) an Imam fixed by Allah then his endeavor is unaccepted (rejected). And he is a lost and gone astray, & wondering person in (a state of) perplexity. And Allah is the enemy of his practices. And his example is that of a sheep which has lost her shepherd & herd & remains wandering hither & tither, all the day long. Thereafter, when night falls she mistakenly joins a (different) herd whose shepherd is other than the shepherd of her own herd. After (the night) when the shepherd drives the herd she again gets astonished & perplexed not finding her own shepherd & herd & again starts the search for her own shepherd & herd. And (again) finds a shepherd with a herd (only) to mistakenly join it & the shepherd having seen her shouts at her asking her to go & join it's own herd since, she has lost her shepherd & herd. And she is amazed & at a loss to know what to do. She being afraid of the wolf is running this way & that way. She does not have her shepherd to lead her to her meadow or tum her back. In the mean while. The wolf valuing & esteeming the opportunity eats her up.

And oh Mohammed, by Allah similarly, anybody in this ummah &, community too, who starts a morning in a condition that he does not believe in the Imam appointed by Allah, an Imam who is evident apparent, just, & equitable he will start the morning in a condition that he is gone astray & perplexed.

And if he dies in this (very) condition he will die a death of infidelity & hypocrisy. 7

9. Jabir Marrates that Imam Abi Jaffar said to me ', Oh Jabir does it suffice that a person claims to be Shia & that he says he loves us, the Ahle bait, house hold of the Prophet?'

By Allah, no one is our Shia except that he has piety for Allah (guard himself against sin) & obeys HIM.

They (shias) are not known & recognized except for their humility, modesty, fear of Allah. & submission trust worthiness, & trust ability, abundance & plenty of remembrance of Allah. Fasting, service, kindness to the parents. Looking after the poor neighbors & afflicted people & the indebted ones & the orphans & speaking truth & reciting the holy Quran & restraining of the tongue about people except mentioning them with goodness & beneficence. And they are the trustees for their tribes in all the affairs. 9

10. Indeed faithful is the one who when pleased & glad his pleasure does not make him enter into sin & falsehood (He does not commit any sin while happy). And when unhappy & angry his anger does not oust him from the word of righteousness. (He does not abandon the right course) And when he gains power his power does not make him commit excess & oppression & make him go for a thing upon which he does not have any right. 10

11. There is no servant except that there exists a white spot upon his heart. So when he commits a sin a black spot arises into that white spot. So when he repents this black spot moves away. And if he continues on committing sins the blackness of this spot increases till such time it overwhelms & over rides the whiteness. When the whiteness is covered over (by the blackness) the owner of it (heart) does never at all return to wards beneficence & goodness. And this is what Allah means when he says:

Nay! Rather, what they used to do has become like a rust upon their hearts (83:1).' 11

13. The completion, entire completion of a man lies in understanding & appreciating the religion (the necessary laws of & principles of jurisprudence), the patience & forbearance upon the occurrence of incidents & the appraisement & assessment of (his) economy. 13

14. There are three things out of the completions & worth’s & values of the world & there after: 1. forgiving the one who has committed excess & aggression against you. 2. Joining the one who cuts off relations & ties with you. 3. Forbearance & tolerance for the one who committed a folly & showed insane behaviour & conduct towards you. 14

17. I recommend you to have five virtues. 1. If you have undergone oppression & tyranny, you do not oppress. 2. If a dishonesty has been committed with you, do not commit dishonesty. 3. If you have been falsified & contradicted do not get annoyed & vexed. 4. If you have been praised do not get pleased & glad. 5. And if you are vilified & disparaged do not be impatient & apprehensive.

And do contemplate & ponder about what is said about you. So if you observe & come to know about something which exists in you (vice) then do know that to lose your honor & falling down in Allah's view for a right & just thing is much more of a greater & graver calamity than losing respect in the eyes of people. And if your condition is contrary to what has been said about you, then you have earned a reward & recompense short of any physical strain. 17

21. be careful, do not put off & evade (the obligatory actions because this is an ocean in which, all those perished, get drowned. And beware of neglectfulness, since, it causes the hardening & Stiffening of heart. And be careful of slackness & sluggishness, unless you have an excuse & Reason for it, since, those who repent take refuge in it. And revert back the past sins committed, by intensity of shamefulness, repentance & abundance of penitence & imploring forgiveness. And attract the mercy & forgiveness of Allah through nicety & beauty of reference (purity of prayers) And to lay hands upon decency of reference get the help of pure prayers & sublimation in the darkness of night.

And get the purification of thankfulness by considering the small amount of sustenance as great & thinking great amount of (your) services as meagre & small. And attract the abundance of benevolences & beneficence’s through greatness of thanksgiving. 21

22. There are three things the owner (committer) of whom does not die until he finds & reaches their punishment.

1. Oppression & cruelty.

2. Rupture & desertion of one's blood kinship.

3. False oath, which is a war against Allah.

And connecting &joining the kinship is an act which gets the quickest of rewards & indeed there is a community which consists of transgressors but their wealth gets exuberant & increased & they become rich & wealthy by virtue of joining the kinship. And the false oath & desertion of blood kinship turns the cities along with their inhabitants vacated & deserted (by the death) of their inhabitants & dwellers. 22

23. Whosoever's tongue utters the truth, his practice becomes purified & the one whose intention is decent & good, his sustenance boosts up & increases. And who ever adopts a decent & nice attitude & behavior with his family his life be lengthens. 23

25. Humility & humbleness (means) is to be pleased & contented with sitting in, an assembly at a place lower than ones status & honor, & saluting anybody one meets & abandoning dispute even if one is right. 25

29. Mohammed Bin Muslim says Imam Mohammed Baqir (as) said to me, Oh Mohammed know it that the oppressive leaders (rulers) & their followers are ousted & portaged from the religion of Allah. They have gone astray, distracted & made the people go astray. So their practices are like ashes which are dispersed & blown up by winds on a stormy & squally day. They cannot lay hands upon what they have achieved, this is the same ( (ضلال البعيد)) remote & distanced deviation & aberration. 29

30. Indeed, Allah has hidden three things in three others. His pleasure in his obedience. So of course, do not belittle anything from his obedience, since His pleasure may be in the same one.

And Allah has concealed his wrath & anger in His sin. So of course do not belittle & count any sin as small. May be the wrath of Allah is in it. And he has concealed His friends & saints among the people, so do not belittle & look down upon anyone perhaps he may be the friend & saint of Allah. 30

31. Consider the world as an abode where in you have dropped down for an hour & then you have got to leave it & go ahead or (suppose it) like the wealth which you lay hands upon in the dream & get over joyed & glad. Then you wake up to find yourself empty handed. 31

34. Indeed, Allah made the beneficence heavy for (material seeking) people of the world just as the weight of it in their scales on the dooms day. And doubtlessly Allah has made the evil light (easy) for the (material seeking) world people just as He would make their scales of practices light & weightless on the resurrection day. 34

36. Heaven is surrounded by unpleasantness & patience. So, the one who remains patient over it's, unpleasantness in the world, enters the paradise. And the hell is surrounded by pleasures & lusts. So the one who allows (gives) himself its' pleasures & lustful desires enters the hell fire. 36

38. The one who teaches one chapter of guidance to the people will have the reward similar to all those who would act upon it & nothing would be lessened & subtracted from the reward of those who practice it. And the one who teaches a chapter of misguidance, he will have the burden (wrath) similar to each one who acts upon it & nothing will be lessened from their burden of sin (wrath of Allah). 38

40. If people come to know what (evil) lies in begging, No one will beg from the other & if the one who is begged from knows the evil of rejecting the one who begs, nobody will turn down anyone's request. 40

1. Forty one years before the Imamate era i.e. 83 Hijrah to 114 Hijrah.

2. Imamate period 34 year up to the martyrdom from 114 Hijrah to 148 Hijrah.

This was the very youth of the age of Shi’ism. He like his father took benefit and made good of the chance of war between Bani omayaids & Bani Abbas. And founded a seminary & theological center upon a vast & profound scale, which contained & consisted upon four thousand students. And so he developed & expanded the pure Islam of Prophet (S) & Hazrat Ali (as) which was hidden amongst & behind the curtains of Islam of bani ommayaids.

1. However, the prohibited form of guardianship: So the ruler ship of the tyrant ruler & the ruler ship of his governors, their chief, the followers of the rulers, so besides them the sub rulers under the rule of the main ruler, right down to the smallest one, is a door out of the doors of ruler ship upon whom he is a ruler. And working for them & having business & trade relations with them (as an acceptance of their rule) is prohibited & unlawful

Whosoever does it, whether more of it or less of it, will get tormented &chastised. Because all that done (as an assistance to them) is a big sin among the big sins.

And this is because during the ruler ship of the tyrant all the righteousness gets wiped off. & all that is falsehood will be revived in the ruler ship of the oppressor & tyrant ruler. And the cruelty & brutality & corruption manifested & the heavenly books will get falsified & forfeited. And the Prophets & faithful’s will be killed. And the mosques will get dislodged & dismantled. And the Sunnah & ordinances & religious laws of Allah be changed. This is the reason why co working with them, helping, & assisting them except where there exists a necessity like eating (haram & prohibited) blood & corpse (deal body) for saving of life etc.) is prohibited. 1

2. Indeed the cognition & knowing of Allah provides comfort in all terrors & frights. And it is the companion in all solitudes & loneliness’s & the light in all darkness’s & energy in all weaknesses & feebleness’s & the cure of all diseases & ailments. 2

3. Umer bin Hazala says I enquired from Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as) "Two men out of us have a dispute about a debt or a heritage & proceed toward the king & the judges of the age (appointed by the king) to get their affair settled. Is this act of theirs lawful?'

Imam Sadiq said, 'Anyone who refers to them for Judgment of whether something right or false, so truly he has referred to Taghut (Satan, Devil). And what so ever judgment the (satanic institution,) executes for him (should that even be a right one) is getting (haram) Prohibited wealth, because, he gets it upon the order of false deity, (Satan). Whereas, Allah has commanded in the Holy Quran to deny the Satan & devil. Allah said 'they desire to undergo the rulership of Satan (Taghoot) &' They have already been ordained to disbelieve it.'

I said 'so how do they settle their dispute?' He replied ',They should look for the one among you who narrates our hadith (traditions) & sees into (Probes) our licit (lawful) & our forbidden & knows our legal provisions & ordinances so they must get contented with his judgment (mediation). Truly, I have already made them the rulers over you. 3

4. The Judges are four (categories). Three of them are to enter the hell fire & a single one into the heaven. 1, the one who makes Judgment cruelly & by injustice & he is aware of it. 2. The one who makes judgments cruelly & tyrannically (unjustly) but unknowingly, he is in the fire of hell. .3. And a man who makes Judgment according to justice & rightly & he does not know it, so he is in the hell fire. 4. And a person who makes judgment rightly & justly & he knows it, so he will enter the paradise. 4

5. The person who sees his brother (religious) involved (in a problem) which is the cause of his trouble & dislikeness & he does not remove it from him although he can do that, has committed a dishonesty with him. 5

6. Nothing follows a person after his death except three virtues & qualities.

1. The alms & charity that he may have executed by the grace of Allah in his life & which continues on after his death. (i.e.) (Like schools, hospitals, social welfare institutions, books, wells, bridges, roads etc.) 2. And a decent & good tradition (left over by him) which is put into practice (after his death). 3. A pious son who prays for him. 6

7. Some of the rights of a Muslim upon his Muslim brother are that he salutes him when he meets him. And visits him when he becomes ill, & when he is absent he wishes him his benevolence & beneficence i.e., defends him in his absence). & prays for him when he seeks, (saying يرحمک الله (God take pity on you) & accepts his invitation when he invites him & escorts his funeral when he dies.' 7

8. Faithful is the brother of faithful just like one single body, (so that) if one part of it has a complaint the entire body feels & receives the pain & trouble. And their souls are from a single soul. And indeed the tie & connection of the faithful's soul to the soul of Allah is more powerful & strengthen than the connection of the rays of sun with it. 8

9. The Muslims’ right upon (another) Muslim is that he must not be full & satiated & his brother remains hungry. And he must not get his thirst quenched & his brother remains thirsty. And he must not dress himself up when his brother is naked. So how great & exuberant is the right of a Muslim upon his Muslim brother. And he (as) said do wish for your Muslim brother the same which you want for yourself. 9

10. Faithful is the brother of faithful, his eye & his guide. He does not commit any dishonesty & does not execute aggression upon him nor treachery & deception and when he commits & gives him a word, does not go back upon it. 10

11. The smallest thing which turns a man out of faith (renders him faithless) is that he keeps counting the faults, lapses missteps & fauxes of his brother in faith so that one day he may reprimand him. (By those weaknesses).

11
These are a glimpse of the rights of Muslim brethren which originate from the birth and continue on till his death. So Muslims must assess and evaluate their practices according to this standard.

12. The one who is pious in the world, Allah places wisdom in his heart & makes his tongue reproduce it (He utters the words of wisdom). And makes him aware & knowledgeable about the faults & short comings of the world & its diseases & ailments & their cures. And transfers him out of the world in a pure & perfect condition toward the house of peace (i.e. the next world).

13. There would be many categories & classes of the people crossing over the path... And the path would be thinner than a hair & sharper than a sword. 1. Some people would cross over creeping upon their bellies & hands. 2. Some would cross over walking. 3. And some would cross it in hanging condition, so that, the hell fire would be burning some parts of their bodies & some parts will be left over (safe). 13

15. The person who acts & practices short of vision is similar to the traverser & traveler of a wrong avenue. So the speed of his Journey would not but only increase his distance (from the destination). 15

17. Be the inviters & callers of people towards beneficence without (using) your tongues, so that they may observe your endeavor & efforts, & truth & piety.17

1. According to Islamic belier a path (bridge) will be placed over the hell roars the people to cross to the paradise. Those pious would cross over to the heaven just as the lightening & the arrogant infidels, hypocrites, faithless, would stagger and stammer & rail down into the fire or hell.

18. The one who did not spend his earning upon himself certainly he collected it up for a person other than himself. And the one who followed & obeyed his passions & lust has obeyed his enemy. The person who depended upon Allah, Allah will adequate & fulfill the vital needs (affairs) of his world & here after, and secure him from the thing unseen by him. (Allah guards the pious ones against all sorts of calamities, down falls, pains, and discomforts & deviations of faith provided they depend upon Him.) And the one who does not observe patience over the calamities & mishaps & express thankfulness & gratitude for all the benevolences & beneficence’s & does not find & search a way out of all the difficulties is an unable, & confounded person. And make it a habit to be patient in wake of all kinds of calamities & afflictions should those be of children or wealth or one's own self.

Since, Allah takes back his loan & takes back his endowments so as to test your patience & gratitude in those things. And have hope from Allah the kind of hope & aspiration which may not invoke & make you dauntless & brave in committing his sins & prohibited acts. And be afraid & fear Allah, a kind of fear that may not disappoint you from His mercy. And do neither get betrayed & deceived by the word of ignorant & nor by his praise lest you should become proud & obstinate & refractory & give yourself airs & become proud about your practices & acts. Thus the best & superb of the practices is performing services & humility & humbleness. So do not squander & waste your wealth & rectify the wealth of other than you, for those you collect to leave back. And be contented with the (sustenance) Allah has provisioned & destined for you. And do not look towards the wealth except than that one you possess. And do not long & aspire for the thing which you cannot achieve. Because, the one who gets contented, gets full up & the one who does not get contented never satiates & saturates. And get your share from the hereafter.18

1. being gracious during the hardship & calamities. 2. Being patient in wake of affliction. 3. being thankful at the time of comfort & abundance. 4. Being contented with sustenance granted by Allah. 5. Not committing excess & aggression upon enemies. 6. Not loading his own load (responsibilities) upon the shoulders of his friends. 7. His body remains troubled by him (due to services). B. And the people remain comfortable & at ease from him. (He does not bother & trouble others). 19

20. Seventy sins of ignorant are forgiven before one sin of a scholar is forgiven.. 20

Because the scholar by virtue of his knowledge knows all the pros & cons & consequences of committing a sin, whereas, an unaware & ignorant person does not know them. But this is not a justification for committing sin by those ignorant or that one should not become educated & learned in the field of religious ethics & Islamic code of conduct.)

21. And do not become arrogant & vain (ungrateful) when rich & wealthy, & do not grumble & complain in poverty. And do not become an ill-tempered & stone hearted one so that people might dislike your company & proximity. And do not become meek & feeble, so that anybody who knows you may insult & belittle you. And do not fight the one who is above (superior to) you. And do not mock anyone inferior to yourself. And do not have controversy & tussle against those suitable for the affairs. And do not obey the stupid & silly ones & do not accept the subordination of everybody (every other person) and do not depend upon the competence & thrift of anyone. And do stop & wait (contemplate) prior to setting your hand at an affair till such time you get to distinguish the entry way from the exit of it before you repent upon starting it. (Do know the way of exit from it. Should you decide to abandon that work?) And consider your heart (conscience) a close associate who is your partner.

And consider your practice a father whom you follow up. And regard your ego as your enemy with whom you combat (fight a holy war), & a thing lent to you which must be taken back. Thus you have been made to be a physician of your own self & you have been taught & made conversant to the signs of health, & the ailment (too) has been made exhibited & evident to you & you have been guided to the medicine. So (now) very cautiously guard & look after your soul. 21

22. Who so ever starts a morning in a condition that he is worried & apprehensive for something else than getting his neck free (from the Hell fire) so he has taken a great & magnanimous thing easy & light. And he has shown inclination & asked his lord something insignificant & vile. (Worldly material) And the one who cheats & beguiles his brother & belittles him & has hostility towards him Allah will make the hell to be his abode. And the person who is jealous of a faithful, faith will dissolve & disappear from his heart just as salt dissolves into the water. 22

23. Do not give away alms when the people are witnessing & watching so that they may consider you a pious one so if you did that you have received your reward.

But if you gave it away (in a manner) that your left hand does not become aware of it when you give it by your right hand. So then the one (Allah) for whom you have given it away secretly, will give you it's reward & remuneration in the presence of witnesses & evidences on the day when not being aware of the people about your almsgiving will not harm you. (Resurrection day). 23

24. Some of the admonitions of Luqman (as) to his son say: 'Oh son, always be sober & gracious. And observe serenity & grace in your life affairs.

And be firm & stabilize yourself in the affairs of your brothers (helping & assisting them). So if you decide to achieve the honor & glory of the world then shorten your avarice & allurement from whatever is in the hands of the people, for, certainly the stations & posts which the prophets & the truthful came to achieve were on account of shortening & cutting off their avarice & temptations. 24

25. It is the obligatory right for all the Muslims who know us that each one of them presents his practices of the day & night to himself (gets it checked by himself) & becomes an accountant & checker for himself. So if he sees a good deed he must increase & boost it up and if he sees a sin he must repent upon it, & ask forgiveness from Allah, lest he should get disgraced & dishonored on the judgment day. 25

26. The one who deals with the people & does not commit excess upon them & talks to them & does not tell lie. And makes promise & does not break it, he is one of those whose slandering & back biting is prohibited & his forbearance & fortitude is completed & his justice & equity is exhibited & evident one & his brotherhood is obligatory & binding upon others. 26

28. 'Oh son of jundab! The one who depends & trusts upon his practice gets perished. And the one who dares to co mitt sins having surety & certainty about the commiseration & blessing of Allah does not get salvation. I said 'then who gets salvation?'

He said': The people who remain placed between hope & fear as if their hearts are in the claws of bird, with solicitude of reward & the fear of chastisement. 28

29. Goodness is just like its name (good, & excellent) & there is nothing superior & superb than the goodness except its reward & remuneration. And excellence & virtue is a gilt from AlIal1 to His servant. And it is not that who so ever loves to be fair & good to people does it (as well). And it does not happen that all those inclined & prone to it get the power & succeed in doing it. And it is not so that all those who have the power & limitation to practice & perform it get permitted & leave to perform it. So when Allah does a favor to a servant he gathers for him the inclination & tendency of doing good & the capacity & power & the permission. So then the prosperity & magnanimity gets completed for the goodness & its doer... 29

30. The person who moves to fulfill the need of his brother (in faith) is similar to the runner between SAFA & MARWA. And the one who fulfills (materializes) his need is like the person who wallowed & rolled in to his (own) blood on the way & course of Allah, on the day of Bader & uhud (battles). 30

32. Indeed when the sin is committed by a servant secretly, it does not harm but the one who commits it. Whereas, if it is committed openly & conspicuously & a restraints is not put upon it then it harms the general public. 32

35. Connect the blood kinship relations with the one who disconnect & cuts off ties with you. And do grant to the one who deprives you. And do well to the person who does treat you bad. And salute to the one who abuses you. And treat him with justice the one who is cruel & oppressive to you, just as you like to be forgiven. So keep the forgiveness & remission of Allah in view. Do you not see that his sun shines (equally) over the pious one & the transgressors, & that his rain showers & pours down upon the pious ones & the evil doers (equally)? 35

36. Beware of three (kinds of) people. The dishonest & the zaloom36 (the most oppressor, tyrant cruel) & telltale. Because the dishonest (who) is committing dishonesty to your benefit will (tomorrow) commit dishonesty with you & the one who is being cruel for your benefit will (tomorrow) commit excess & oppression against you & the person who culminates people, tells tales & back bites people before you, will (tomorrow) back bite you. 37

37. when the resurrection day will come Allah will resurrect a religious scholar & a worshipper (devotee, votary) so when they (both) will stand before Allah it would be said to the adorer to start off toward the paradise & to the scholar it would be said ', stop! Intercessor & mediate for the people for the best training which you imparted upon them. '38

36. Zaloom is the superlative degree of zalim meaning 'oppressor or tyrant." The terrifically tyrant & cruel would be named zaloom in Arabic language, whereas any ordinal cruel person would be known zalim (cruel). Almosid, the Arabian-English dictionary, not finding a proper term against zaloom (the tyrant most) has referred it to zalim (the ordinal' cruel).

41. Undervaluing & degrading the prayers would range from not offering it to offering it sluggishly, slackly, out of its time & developing indifferent & careless attitude towards it. And not showing promptness, vigil & suitable care in its performance.

The First era before Imamate spread out from 128 to 148 Hijrah (20 Years).

The Second period following his Imamate from 148 to 183 Hijrah coincident with the ruler’s hip periods of Mansoor Duwanaqi, Mahdi Abbasi Hadi Abbasi & Haroon Ur Rashid. The most of his Imamate period was coincident with the era of Haroon, which stretched as long as 23 year, 2 month & 17 days. And Haroon was the fifth caliph of the Abbasade Dynasty during whose period of rule the Imam mostly remained imprisoned.

1. I found the knowledge of people in four (things) firstly, that you know your lord (recognition of Allah) & secondly that you know it as to what factors He made use of in creating you, & thirdly that you know as to what does he want & intend from you & fourthly that you learn what is it that will expell you from your religion. 1

3. O, Hisham! Verily, Luqman said to his son ', adopt humility & humbleness for the right (Allah) you will become the intellectual most of the people, Oh son! World is a deep & profound ocean. Already lot many of the world creations have immersed & sunk into it. So make Piety your ship in it (to sail out safely) & make the faith it's cargo & putting trust in Allah it's sails & intellect (mind & wits) it's sailor (guide & captain) & knowledge it's guide & patience it's passengers (on board). 3

4. Comprehend & understand the religion of Allah, for jurisprudence is the key to vision & the completion of worship & the cause of reaching the lofty grades & magnanimous stations in the world & here after.

And the superiority & magnanimity of jurisprudent over the adorer & worshiper is like that of the superiority of sun to the stars. And Allah does not get pleased with (accept) any practice of that person who does not achieve the comprehension & understanding of his religion. 4

5. Put in endeavor & exercise effort that your time is scheduled into four hours (parts). An hour (part of it) for the supplication to Allah & an hour (another part) of it for the affairs of economy & livelihood & still another hour (part of it) for social contacts with the brothers & the persons of confidence who may let you learn your short comings & faults & they have a sincere interior (heart) for you.

And a part of it in which you enjoy the unforbidden & lawful entertainments. And with this part of time you get the strength & vigor for the (rest of) three other (parts of) times. 5

6. Oh Hisham! A man is not faithful till such time that he gets fearful, (&) hopeful. And he will not become fearful (&) hopeful unless & until he becomes the conjuror & doer of that which he fears & hopes i.e. (He practices according to the requirement & needs of the fear & hope). 6

7. A man asked Imam Musa Kazim (as), “the holy war & combat against which one of the enemies & foes is more obligatory?'

The Imam (as) reflected ',The nearest of them to you & those who are the most enemy & doing most of harm to you & their enmity be greatest & severest of all And their existence & is with their closeness & proximity to you, is most hidden & concealed from you. 7

8. Indeed, the greatest & biggest of all the people in worth & value is the person who does not consider the world a station & abode for himself moreover, there is no price & worth of your bodies except the paradise, so, do not sell them without (achieving) it. 8

9. Oh Hisham! Indeed the intelligent & witful one does not converse with the person who, he is afraid, would contradict & falsify him. And does not ask anything from a person who, he is afraid, would refuse him And he does not promise anyone a thing which he does not have the strength for, & does not desire & wish & hope for a thing over which he may be reprimanded & rebuked. And does not take steps towards anything about which he may be afraid that he would fail & become feeble, from achieving it. 9

10. Bad is the person who has two faces & two tongues (double cross & hypocrite). He praises & commends his brother (in faith) in his presence & when he is absent him back bites & slanders him. If he achieves (something) he gets jealous of him & if he is afflicted he leaves & abandons him. (Does not help him) 10

11. And faithful is the real brother of faithful although his parents may not have given birth to him (Biologically). Cursed is the one who accuses his brother, cursed is the one who plays trickery & treachery with his brother. Cursed is the one who does not admonish & advise his brother. Cursed is that one who back bites his brother. 11

12. The one whose two days are equal is a looser. And the one whose last one of the two days is the evil one of those (two days) is a cursed person. And the person who does not observe any progress & development in himself is a looser & the one who is looser; death is better for him than life. 12

13. The one who turns the light of his meditation & thought, dark through the longevity & plentifulness of hopes, & evades & erases the words of wisdom with his futile & useless talks & extinguishes & puts off the light of lesson taking by the lustful desires of his ego (soul) so, it is like helping his passions in ruining his mind & intellect. And that one whose wits & mind get dislodged both his religion & world get corrupted & ruined.13

16. I inform you that the obligatory most right of your brother (in faith) is that you do not hide & conceal anything, which is beneficial & useful for his worldly affairs or affairs of the hereafter, from him. 15

18. Oh Hisham! There is a proof & logic for everything & the proof of the intelligent person is his meditation & the proof of meditation is quietness.17

1. History is an evidence to the fact that human races have been practicing variant & different kinds of sins & opposing Allah’s law in many ways. Quran describes the deviations of many nations & the punishment awarded t6 them. Such as the nations of lotus, Hood & SALEH etc. Presently, even in this era, the different famines, diseases like aids. etc., earth quakes, floods, wars & different shapes of tyranny in practice in many parts of the world is certainly a chastisement & warning to humanity.

19. Oh Hisham! Christ Essa (as) said to his disciples ',And the small & little sins are among the deceits & trickeries of Satan. He makes them insignificant for you & belittles them in your eyes.
So those (sins) get accumulated & multiplied & plenty in number thus encompassing & surrounding you. 18

21.O Hisham! The wise person becomes contented with a little (share) from the world along with wisdom. And does not become satisfied & contented with small portion of wisdom with whole of the world. 19

24. O, Hisham! Indeed cultivation & growth takes shape in a soft, even land & not in a rocky (barren) land. So similarly, wisdom grows & develops in a humble heart & does not grow in a proud, vain & arrogant heart. 22

25. Do neither tell (promise) your soul about poverty nor longevity of age for the one who promises his soul about poverty commits stinginess & miserliness & the one who tells himself he would live long becomes greedy? 23

26. Oh Hisham! If that (sustenance) which is sufficient for you renders you needless then the most meagre & little of what is in the world can be sufficient for you. And if the limitations of sufficiency does not make you needless & independent then there is nothing in the world which could make you needless. 24

28. Oh Hisham! Patience upon isolation is the sign of mental powers. So who ever gets wits & intellect from Allah withdraws from people of the world & those inclined to & loving it. And he gets attached & inclined toward what lies with his lord. And Allah cheers him up & puts him at ease in desolation & becomes his companion.

And becomes the source of his wealth in poverty & adversity & that of his honor & reverence without his having a tribe. 26

31. Oh Hisham! The one who intends. to achieve self-sufficiency & needlessness short of wealth, & the comfort of heart from jealousy, & the security of religion, so he must humbly supplicate to Allah to complete & mature his mind & intellect, for, the one who becomes intellectual & witful gets contented upon what (sustenance) suffices him. And the one who gets contented upon what is sufficient for him becomes needless & self-sufficient.

The one who does not get contented upon what suffices him can definitely & absolutely not reach the (state of) needlessness & self-sufficiency. 29

The Tenth Infallible: The Eighth Imam Ridha’ (as) and his forty discourses

The Tenth Infallible: Imam Ridha’ (as)

Name: Ali Ibn Musa (as)

Renowned Title: Ridha’

Father and Mother: Imam Musa Ibn Ja’far (as) and Najma (as)

Time & Place of Birth: 11th of Zilqaad year 148 Hijrah, in Medina.

Time & Place of Martyrdom: End of Safar, 203 Hijrah at the age of 55 Years was martyred through poisoning of mamoon (Abbassade caliph) in Sana bad nauqan (a Mohallah today & site at Mashad Muqadas, (Islamic Republic of Iran.)

Shrine: Mashad Muqaddas.

.Life duration: in three segments.

1. before Imamate (35 Years), From 148 to 183 Hijrah.

2. after Imamate, 17 Years Residence in Medina.

3. And Three Years in Khorasan, the most Sensitive part of his political life was in this period.

He had only a single son Imam Jawad Who was seven years of age at the time of his martyrdom.

2. Faith is to one grade superior & sublime to Islam & piety is one degree superior to faith & certitude & certainty is one step superior to faith & nothing more elegant & excellent than certitude has been bestowed upon the sons of Adam (as) 2

5. One day Imam Ridha’ (as) mentioned Quran & so he described the magnanimity & glory of it's authority & it's miracles saying, That is the firm cable of Allah & firmest handhold & the ideal & model path, it guides & leads toward paradise & is the savior from the fire (of Hell). It does not corrode & wear out by the passage & flow of time. Moreover, it's continuous repetition & recitation through the tongue does not devalue & depreciate it. Since, it is not made to exist for a certain age & period apart from other ages & periods. Instead, it has been made a proof & logic for all human beings. Falsehood does nether find passage in the front & afore of it nor from it's back side. It has been descended (revealed) by Allah, the all wise, all praise worthy. 5

6. Rayyan says I said to Imam Ridha’ (as), what do you say about Quran?' So he replied ', It is the speech of Allah, do not exceed & move ahead of it & do not seek guidance from other than it. Otherwise, you would go astray.' 6

8. about the workers & officials of sultan (king, ruler). Becoming a part of the officials of them & providing of help & assistance to them & putting in endeavor to fulfill their needs & requirements is the equivalent to infidelity. And looking intentionally & purposely at them is one of the great sins which deems one fit to deserve the hell fire. 8

9. Allah may take pity & be merciful to the servant who resurrects & revives our affair so I said ', and how is it that your affair gets revived?' He responded ', by learning our know ledges & teaching them to the people.'9

1. The slightest thing or contact is looking intentionally at a person, even this is one or the great sins not to talk about helping the tyrants practically. So, those Muslims who strengthen & solidify the foundations or their aggression & tyranny & make their abode in the hell, must as per this tradition avoid such activities.

10. A faithful will not become (real) faithful till such time he acquires three qualities: A way of Allah's treatment (sunnan Allah) a prophet's rule & a rule of his saint. However, the Allah's treatment is the concealing of his secret. Allah said

عالم الغيب... فلا يظهر علی غيبه احدأ الا من ارتضی من رسول.

The knower of the unseen! So he does not reveal his secret to any. Except to him whom he chooses as an apostle.' Moreover, the Sunnah & rule of the Prophet (S) is conciliation with the people. So Allah commanded the Prophet (S) to conciliate with the masses saying.

خذا العفو وامر بالمعروف

Take to forgiveness & enjoin good.' Never the less, the rule of his saint is 'Exercising patience & endurance in (the times of) adversities poverty & apprehensions.' 10

11. The intellect of a Muslim man does not mature & complete till he has ten qualities: 1. Benevolence & benefaction be expected & hoped from him. 2. And people be secure & peaceful from his evil doing. 3. He considers the small amount of benefaction from others as abundant & plentiful. 4. And takes plenty of his own benevolence & goodness to be a meagre amount of it. 5. He does not get tired & exhausted by the demands & requirement asked to be fulfilled. 6. He does not get fatigued & restless from seeking knowledge for all the length of his life. 7. He loves poverty more than the plentifulness & affluence, on the course of Allah. 8. And he loves disgrace & abjectness on the way of Allah more than the honour on the course of His enemy. 9. And anonymity is more liked by him than fame.

Then he (S) said. ', The tenth one & what is the tenth? The person asked him (S) what that is?' lmam (as) reflected ', He does not see a person but that he says 'He is better & more pious than myself.' 11

12. He who takes himself to account gets benefitted & the one who gets negligent & careless about himself bears loss. And the one who fears (AlIah) becomes peaceful. And that one who takes lesson becomes most clear sighted & discerning. And he who becomes most clear sighted understands & he who understands & comprehends becomes knowledgeable & informed. 12

So he responded ',Those men that when they perform good deed they become glad & when they perform a bad deed they ask the forgiveness (of Allah) & when they are granted they thank (for it). And while they get afflicted & grieved they exercise patience. And when they get enraged & angry they forgive. (Overlook. other faults). 13

15. There are some grades of self-conceit. One among them is that the evil acts of a servant gets decorated to him & he takes them for good deeds & boasts & gluts about them & considers them as nice acts performed by him. And one of them is that a servant acquires faith & belief upon Allah & then boasts of a favor conferred upon Allah, whereas, Allah has done him a favor in it. 15

16. Had Allah not frightened people by paradise & hell even then it would have been obligatory for them to obey Him & not commit His disobedience because of His favors & kindnesses upon them. And His granting them the beneficence’s to start with, without any of their rights.

17. If it is asked why people were ordered to fast? It would be answered so that they may know the trouble of hunger & thirst & thus get the idea about the poverty (hunger and thirst) of the Hereafter. And the fast keeper may get humbled, belittled, humiliated, destitute, indigent (More over) they may get the reward of Allah & be patient & forbearing in the wake of the (trouble) they face from hunger & thirst with knowing of Allah & sincerity. So fasting will be the cause of their getting reward. Moreover, this will bring about the control of lustful desires and become the admonition in this world.

And make them submit to the performance & offering of what has been made obligatory for them & guides them to (the affairs of) Here after.

None the less, they by keeping fast do understand & comprehend the severances & extremity & the amount of hardships & miseries that the poor & afflicted ones have to bear in this world. So they give away the obligatory amounts which Allah has made obligation for them to payout of their wealth. 16

18. The Jamat prayers (the collective & assembly prayers) have only been made so that the sincerity, oneness of Allah & the adoring & worshipping of Allah gets obvious, known, apparent & common. Because, the show of it will complete the proof of the oneness of Allah to the people of East & west. And will make the hypocrite & the one who has disrespecting attitude, humble & respectful to something which is the cause of admitting & acknowledging the apparent of Islam & the submission to it. And to the effect that the witnesses of people upon the Islam (being Muslim) of each other becomes lawful & possible. Moreover, it becomes the (cause of) cooperation & co. working of them upon good acts & piety & their taking distance from plenty number of evil acts forbidden by Allah. 17

19. Indeed Allah has commanded three things (in Quran) which are in proximate with three others. He ordered the prayers & alms. So the one who offers prayer & does not pay alms, his service is not accepted from him.

And He ordered His thanks giving with that of the parents. So the one who does not thank his parent has not thanked Allah. And He commanded fear of Allah & connecting with the kinship. So the one who does not connect with the blood relations is not afraid of Allah. 18

25. The miser does not have any comfort & so does the jealous not have any joy & felicity & the (kings) (rulers) do not have faithfulness & trust worthiness & the liar does not have any manhood (forbearance). 24

26. The secret & cause of service’s (prayers) is that prayer is the confession of the lordship of Allah & negating all kinds of partners & plurality for him. And standing before the omnipotent, with humility, humbleness, & the confession (of sins) & begging forgiveness of the previous sins. And placing the face on dust five times a day as (sign of) honoring & confession of His greatness. And service’s (prayers) is the cause of remembering Him & taking distance from the arrogance & neglectfulness. Prayers become the cause of humility, submissiveness & humbleness (toward Allah) & the eagerness, heedfulness & enthusiasm regarding the desire of enhancement of material & spiritual progress (both in the world & here after). Moreover, prayers makes a man engaged constantly in the remembrance of Allah both day & night so that he must not forget his lord, master, Administrator & creator, since, forgetfulness will become the cause of rebel ion. Man while offering prayer stays in the presence of his lord & in the state of His remembrance & this very condition constrains & stops him from sins and constrains & refrains him from many kinds of corruptions. 25

27. And parsimony & avarice makes the honor (of man) spotted (dishonors & disgraces him) & the love of (worldly materials) causes grief’s & involvements in problems. And the best & most value able of virtues is doing good (to others) & providing shelter & refuge to those afflicted & fulfilling the hope of the person having hope from you. 26

29. Allah forbade the drinking of wine, since, it causes corruption, disturbance, & intoxication of the minds of its drinker & this becomes the cause of his refusing & denying of Allah & uttering obnoxious language about HIM & His Prophets. And becomes the cause of all the sins including murdering & accusing falsely chaste woman of adultery & committing adultery & lessening of abstinence & refraining from forbidden deeds (sins). So this is the reason of it that all the drinks which intoxicate are prohibited & forbidden. Since these drinks too have the same negative results which the wine has got. 28

30. Seven things short of seven other things are making (as if) a mockery. The one who repents through his tongue but he is not ashamed at his heart, has cut a joke with himself. And the one who asks Allah succor &does not put in effort has mocked himself. And the person who asks for foresightedness &does not be careful so he has made a mockery with himself. And the one who asks paradise from Allah &does not be patient over the hardships & calamities has made a fun of himself. And the man who ask the refuge of Allah from hell fire & does not abandon the lusts of the world has made a joke with himself. And the one who exercises remembrance of Allah does not get prepared set his foot ahead towards meeting HIM has cut a joke with himself. 29

32. Give alms although with a small amount of a thing because indeed all that is intended for the sake of Allah; although those may be meagre & small yet becomes great,& magnanimous by virtue of the righteousness & purity of intention. 31

1- The one who trusts upon Allah, He shows him pleasure & felicity (makes him happy). And the one who depends upon Allah, He suffices the matters of his life. And the trust upon Allah is a fort where in nobody except a trustworthy faithful gets accommodated & placed.

And trust in Allah is the salvation from all evils & safety from all the enemies. And religion is the source of honor, & knowledge is treasure. And silence is a light. And the apex & climax of abstinence is avoiding sin. & temperance and fear of God.

And there is no destruction for religion such as innovation (heresy).

And there is nothing most spoiling & decaying for man than greed. And the people (matters) are corrected & set right by the ruler. And the supplication moves away (deviates) the calamities & disasters. 1

4. The person who is present (sees) witnesses a matter & dislikes it is like the one who is absent about it (hasn't witnessed it) & the person who is absent (at the occurrence) of a matter & is pleased & approves it is like someone who has witnessed. (Was present while it occurred). 4

7. The one who lends ear to a speaker he has worshiped him. So if the speaker is from Allah's side (speaks the word of Allah) then he has adorned Allah and if the speaker is speaking from the tongue of Satan then he has worshiped Satan. 7

8. Delaying repentance is a deception & prolonging the period before making repentance is an amazingly wandering. And adducing pretexts & making excuses before Allah is an annihilation. And insisting upon sin is being (considering oneself) safe from the scheme of Allah. And no one ever thinks himself safe from the scheme of Allah except the community of losers. 8

9. The beneficence’s & benevolences of Allah do not become great (abundant) for a person except it that the needs of the people toward him become greater (in number) so the one who does not bear (the burden of) those needs, puts his beneficence’s into annihilation. 9

19. And if the scholars conceal & hide their admonition inside themselves & seeing the spiritually dead & gone astray they do not revive & give life & guide them then they are dishonest in their interiors. 18

20. So I commend you to have fear of Allah (guarding against sins) since, there lies in it the safety & security from perishing & annihilation. And it is beneficial in confrontation & change of circumstances. Allah (SWT) sustains that thing for man in which he is driven away by his mind through his virtue of piety. And enlightens the darkness, blindness, & ignorance of His servant's mind by his piety. And saved Noah & his companions in the arc (ship) by & through piety. And saved Saleh & his companions from the lightening & those having patience are saved & secured by piety. 19

27. Modesty is the decoration of poverty & thanksgiving is the decoration of ambience & wealth. And patience & endurance is the ornament & decoration of calamity & distress. And humility is the decoration of lineage. And eloquence is the decoration of speech; & committing to memory is the decoration of tradition. And bowing the shoulders is the decoration of knowledge. And the decency & good morale is the decoration of mind. And smiling face is the decoration of munificence & generosity. And not boasting of doing favor is the decoration of good deed. And humility is the decoration of service. And spending less is the decoration of contentment. And abandoning the meaningless & unnecessary things is the decoration of abstention & fear of Allah. 26

31. The people of good deeds are needier towards practicing them then those who have the need of them. Because they (good doers) have the reward, pride & memories of those deeds for themselves & to their credit. So the man who performs a good deed first of all it's, benefit reaches his own self. 30

36. The one who rides (the horse of) lusty desire his faults & slips are irreparable & non compensable. 35

36- راکِبُ الشَّهَواتِ لا تَقالُ عَثرَتُهُ. (بحارالانوار ج78 ص364)

37. The boon & benevolence which is not thanked for is like the sin not forgiven. 36

37- نِعمَةٌ لاتَشکَرُ کَسَيِّئَةٍ لا تُغفَرُ. (بحار ج78 ص365)

38. Good state & sound health is the best providence & grant of Allah. 37

38- وَالعافِيَةُ أَحسَنُ عَطاءٍ. (أعيان الشيعه الطبع الجديد ج2 ص36)

39. Do not make remedy, for, a matter whose time of remedy has not yet come, for, you shall repent & bereave and of course the (span) length of your ages do not grow & longevity but your hearts get hard.

Be merciful to your weak & meek one. And seek the mercy of Allah by having mercy & beneficence upon them. 38

40. And do know that indeed Allah is the All clement & All knowing & His wrath is upon the one who does not accept His pleasure. And verily the one who does not accept His grant is refused that. And the one who does not accept his guidance goes astray. 39

5. Better than the good deed is the one who performs it. And more beautiful than the beauty (of speech) is the teller of it (decent words). And superior to the knowledge is its bearer & carrier. And worse than the evil is it's attracter. And more horrible than the horror is the one who rides it. 5

6. Allah cannot be defined & described except with what He has defined himself. And how can that one (Allah) be defined wits are unable from the perception of who me & the imagination & fancy are short of finding him. And the memories of mind are unable to encompass him & the eyes & vision is unable to sight & summoned him. And lack (the strength of) limiting & encompassing him. And the eyes are short of strength & weak from seeing & bounding him. 6

9. Whenever a time comes that the justice overwhelms & over comes cruelty it is prohibited to form negative bad conjecture & opinion about anyone except when one knows it about him. And whenever a time comes that the cruelty & oppression over whelms the (quantum of) justice then one must not have good opinion about the beneficence of a person till such time he knows it (for sure). 9

16. The one who obeys the creator does not have the fear of anger & wrath of the creatures & the one who makes Allah angry & displeased must know that the creatures will (certainly) become angry with him. 16

21. The one who considers himself to be safe from the planning of Allah & his painful chastisement & wrath commits arrogance till His devine will catches hold of him. And His ordinance gets implemented. 21

24. Allah has made the world a place of calamities & the resurrection day the spot of rewards. And He has made the anguishes & calamities of life a media & way to the rewards of justice day. And made the reward of resurrection day are the replacement & compensation for the troubles & anguishes of world (life). 24

29. To be enraged & angry with somebody who is under your hand is reprehensible & blamable. 29

29- أَلغَضَبُ عَلی مَن تَملِکُ لُؤمٌ. (بحارالانوار ج78 ص370)

30. The prosperity of thankfulness of the thankful person is more of a benevolence & beneficence for him than the boon for which the thanksgiving became obligatory. Because, benevolence is a necessity of life but thanksgiving is boon, benevolence, & reward (both). 30

1. Allah is the one with whom all the creatures seek refuge at the time of need & hardships & while the hope from all the creations & the causes antecedents & determinants except Him, is discontinued & cut off. 1

2. The love of the pious ones for the pious ones is a reward & recompense for those pious. And the love of debauch (libertine) for the pious ones is a sublimity & superiority for the pious ones. And the grudge of the debauch for the pious ones is the decoration for the pious ones. And the grudge & enmity of pious ones against the debauch & libertine is a humility for the debauch (sybarite). 2

4. Thus the one out of the jurisprudents who is the protector of his soul, saver of his religion, the oppressor of his passions & lusts (of ego), submissive to the command of his Lord, 'so it is obligatory for the people to imitate & follow him (Taqleed means unconditional Imitation). 4

5. An age will approach when the people's faces would be laughing (exalting) & their hearts would be dark, bleak & dirty. The Sunnah to them would be innovation & heresy & innovation would be (considered) Sunnah among them. The faithful would be belittled & debased among them, & the transgressor would be honorable & respectful among them. Their lords & chiefs would be ignorant & aggressive ones. And the religious scholar’s would be on the threshold of the aggressors & tyrants. 5

8. The foolish heart is in his mouth & the mouth (lips) of the wise one is in his heart (the foolish says whatever he pleases, without considering it's repercussion whereas the sage thinks before speaking.) 8

20. To say it that 'I wish I may not be brought to question except for this sin is an unforgiveable sin. Then he (as) said polytheism among people is more hideous & invisible than an ant over the black canvass on a dark night. 20

27. Indeed, generosity & charity has a quantity so when it exceeds that it becomes spending lavishly (squandering). And so does foresightedness & caution has a limit & when it exceeds that then it is cowardice. 27

28. Observing the middle way in economy has a quantity when It exceeds that then it is stinginess & avarice. And there Is a limit to bravery & gallantry & when It exceeds that then it is rashness & impetuousness. 28

30. When the hearts become mirthful & exhilarated then hand them over (saturate & feed them with) knowledge and when they shirk it then leave them alone (since hearts & souls have a particular condition when ready for imbibing learning.) 30

39. You are leading shortening lives & limited durations and death suddenly approaches. Who so ever sows benevolence & beneficence reaps joy & pleasure and the one who sows evil reaps repentance & shame. Everybody reaps, what he sows. 39

Time & Place of Birth: 15th of shabban, year 255 or 256 Hijrah, in Samara and Remained under the guardianship of his father for nearly five years in secrecy.

Duration of life: Four Phases”

1. Childhood: Secretly nursed by his father upto a period of five years so that he may remain safe & secure from the harm of the enemies. And when his father was martyred in 260 Hijrah, the post of Imamate was shifted over to him.

2. The short & small occultance: Started from the year 260 Hijrah & ended in 329 Hijrah, comming to nearly 70 years.

3. The major occultance: Began in the year 329 Hijrah & till Allah pleases that he appears, it will continue on.

4. He (SWT) says "AUF LAM MEEM (الم) Do men think that they will be left alone on saying we believe, & not tried?"

So he says: ',How people have undergone test & trial & how do they wonder around In astonishment & bewilderment sometime to the left & some times to the right. They have been detached from their religion or involved in doubts (ambiguity) or have become the enemy of the right. Or they are ignorant of the true traditions & correct prophecies & information’s. Or they intentionally forget what they know. Do know it that the earth never gets empty & void of authority (argument) of Allah (the Prophet or Imam) whether he is evident & apparent or hidden & concealed (from the eyes)

5. Have you not heard the word of Allah that ",O believers obey Allah & the Prophet (S) & those In authority from among you". Has Allah ordained anything except what is stable & constant up to the day of resurrection? Do you not see that Allah made shelters for you to seek refuge & flags to get guided right from the age of Adam (as) to the previous Imam (i.e. Imam Hassan Askari (as).

Whenever a flag disappeared another flag appeared. And when one star disappeared another star rose. So when Allah turned his soul back toward Himself you presumed that Allah disconnected the medium between Himself & His creations. Nay, never at all has or would this happen till the dooms day, & the order of Allah gets manifested, where as they the (infidels) dislike it. 5

6. The past (Imam Hassan Askari) crossed over the way of his fore fathers with great prosperity, & success, & disappeared from the sights. He followed the conduct of his ancestors with great exactness & similarity and led his life without any difference. His testament & knowledge. & the one who is his successor & follows the same program & way exists among us. And nobody ever disputes his place & office with us except the cruel sinner. And the one except us who proclaims the post of Imamate is an infidel. And if it was not that Allah's order is not to be subdued and His secrets are not to be revealed I would have manifested to you my right in a way that your minds would have glowed & your doubts would have cast off but only that which Allah desires takes place. And there is a fixed time for everything therefore, be pious & be obedient to us. 6

8. Oh Allah bestow upon our (religious) scholars the piety in the world & admonition to others.

And to the students & researchers, the struggle, search & keenness & eagerness for getting knowledge. And to the listeners the following & acceptance (of what they hear from them). And to the patients of the Muslims cure & comfort. And to our dead & deceased ones the kindness & compassion. And to our old & aged ones grace & peace & tranquility. And to our youth reference & conversion & repentance. And to the ladies modesty & shame. And to our wealthy ones the humility & amplitude & to our poor & have no the patience & contentment. 8

11. So know it that the right of Imamate is with us & among us. And who so ever says (believes) it to be with others than us, he is a blamer, liar. And nobody except us claims it but the gone astray & deviated one. 11

12. Oh Allah, for the right of the one who supplicates to you, & calls you in the oceans & lands. Peace be upon Muhammad & his household. And grant the vastness & abundance of sustenance to the poor men & women of the faithful’s. And bestow health & cure & comfort upon the patients & diseased among the faithful men & women. And mercy & magnanimity over the faithful men & women. And beneficence & benevolence, & forgiveness to their dead ones. And grant to their travelers a safe & handful return to their homelands.

15. Oh Allah, the calamity has become great, & the secret has become revealed & open, & the curtains have been removed (from the works) & the hopes have discontinued & the earth has become narrow & the sky has refused the showers of blessing & you are the helper & to you the complaint has to be made. And we have got to depend upon you in hardships & easiness. 15

20. And as for the reason of the incidence of occultation so Allah says ', Oh those who believe! Do not question about the things which if get apparant & dislosed to you you would feel bad about those.' 20

21. Oh Allah, if I obey you then praise & Eulom' is for you & if I disobey & commit sin then proof & authority is for You. Comfort & deliverence is from You. Glorified is the Allah who grants boon & beneficience & accepts thankgiving & gratitude & Glorified is the Allah who has the power & forgives.

Oh Allah if I commit a sin (disobedience), so I obey You in some thing which is the most beloved one to You & that is faith in You. I do not believe in a son for You & I have not taken a partner for You.

25. I am the Mahdi (the rightly guided one) I am the upholder & upkeeper of the age. I am the one who fills it (the earth) with justice just as it is filled up with aggression & cruelity. The earth does not remain empty of the Proof & authority of Allah. 25

33. Oh Allah shower your benedictions upon Muhammad & his household. And honour & revere your saints (friends) by fulfilling & materialising your promise & make them reach & have access to their aspirations regarding your help. And protect them against the fear of the one who has stood up against you. 33

36. Oh Allah, the owner of people necks (Having domination over them) and oh the breaker (defeater) of groups. Oh, the opener of doors, oh the creater of causes & media, provide a cause & media for us since we do not have the strength & means to achieve that, for the sake of the (word) there is no Allah except Allah & Muhammad is the Prophet (S) of Allah, peace be upon him & entire of his household. 36

37. Oh the light of light, oh the administrator of the affairs, oh the raiser of those who are in the graves!

Shower your benediction upon Muhammad & his household.

And free me & my shias out of the (state of) anguish to have joy & deliverence & exodus out of the sorrow & grief. And broaden the way of your kindness for us. And send us something from yourself which may make us comfortable & in (the state of) deliverence. And treat us in a way that you are fit & worthy for it. Oh the kind one, oh the merciful of all the mercifuls. 37

11. Zaloom is the superlative degree of zalim meaning 'oppressor or tyrant." The terrifically tryant & cruel would be named zaloom in Arabic language. Where as any ordinal)' cruel person would be known zalim (cruel). Almosid (the Arabian. English) dictionaly not finding a proper term agaiust zaloom (the tyrant most) has refered it to zalim (the ordinal)' cruel)

12. Undervaluing & degrading the prayers would range from not offfering it to offering it sluggishly sla ckly, out of its time & developing indifferent, & careless attitude to wards it. And not showing promptness vigil & suitable care in its performance.