How muscles and joints are used by different sportspeople.

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Introduction

Assignment one Here are the profiles of my four clients: Name: David Beckham Age: 33 Sport: Football Name: Amir Khan Age: 21 Sport: Boxing Name: Paula Radcliff Age: 34 Sport: Long Distance Runner Name~Tim Henman Age: 33 Sport: Tennis Player The Skeleton Bones The Skeleton Functions Amir Khan's skeleton protects him from getting badly hurt. His rib cage protects him and the vital organs including the heart in that area. Without the protection of the rib cage Amir Khan would get injured. The skeleton supports David Beckham by holding him upright. Without a skeleton our body would collapse into a heap on the ground. Without the support of the skeleton David Beckham would not be able kick the ball. Paula Radcliffe is able to move because of the co-operation between the muscles and bones. The muscles are attached to the bones which create a joint and lever system which allows the bones to move freely. Tim Henman needs his skeleton to give his shape. The skeleton gives him the framework to give the rest of his body recognizable shape. We all have the same skeleton structure. Animals have a different structure to us humans. Without your skeleton you would fall to the ground. Blood Cell Production Red and White Blood Cells are produced in the bone marrow of the ribs, humerus, femur and vertebra. Red Blood Cells transport oxygen around the body. The white blood cells fight any diseases in our body. All four of my clients need blood cell production because when they are playing their chosen sport their blood will need to travel faster so that my clients can get oxygen to keep them going. ...read more.

Middle

The key centre of this ossification is in the shaft or Diaphysis of the bone (where cartilage turns into Bone first) due to the presence of the Bone forming cells called osteoblasts. At birth most of the diaphysis consists of bone. The Secondary centre of ossification (where Cartilage turns into bone) occurs In the epiphysis (the ends of the bones). As cartilage dies off it leaves gaps forming a honey~ Comb structure. The gaps left are filled with bone Forming cells called osteoblasts, bloodvessels and bone eroding cells called octibiocists. Front View Back View Back View Muscles Muscles are VERY important without them you couldn't do anything. Your body needs muscles like a car needs petrol. Because muscles are so important they are incredibly clever. They also grow stronger as they get more practice. Their are different types of muscles: skeletal muscle, Smooth muscle, Voluntary and Involuntary muscle and Cardiac muscle. Voluntary muscle There is another name for this and it is called striped muscle it is called this because when you look at it through a micro-scope that it what it looks like. It is called Voluntary because you have total control over it and its functions. Striped/Voluntary muscles are always found in Antagonistic muscles. Involuntary muscle Another name for this is smooth muscle it is called this because that's what it looks like through a microscope. It is called Involuntary because you cannot make it work through conscious control it is automatic. Skeletal muscle It's a type of striped muscle which usually attachs to tendons. Skeletal muscles are used to create movement by applying force to joints and bones via contraction. ...read more.

Conclusion

All this allows her to keep her balance while she is running. Paula Radcliffes, Deltoids / Pectoralis Major contract and Latissimus Dorsi relax eccentrically this allows for flexion happen in her right shoulder and her Deltoids/Pectoralis Major relax and Latissimus Dorsi eccentrically contract to let hyper-extension occur in her left shoulder. This helps her to keep good posture while running. Tim Henman's biceps relax and triceps isotonically contract to allow extension to occur in the left elbow~ this allows him to take a shot. His Wrist Flexors/Extensors eccentrically contract to allow pronation to happen in his left wrist this is also assists him in taking a shot. His Deltoids / Pectoralis Major relax and Latissimus Dorsi isotonically contract/relax to allow hyper extension to occur in the left shoulder. . His left shoulder needs to hyper-extend so he can have the right balance. Mr Beckham's Glutes/Maximus quadriceps relax and Hamstrings relax concentrically allowing for flexion to occur at his right hip and moving it in front of him therefore allowing him to shoot the ball. His Gluteus Maximus / Hamstrings contract and quadriceps isotonically relax concentrically for flexion to occur allowing Mr Beckham to move his left hip. Moreover when D.Beckham is in movement he needs to swing his shoulders so he is able to shoot in order for this to occur his deltoids and Pectoralis Major / Latissimus Dorsi eccentrically contract/relax to allow for hyper-extension to happen in his left shoulder. His pectoralis major/deltoids relax and latissimus dorsi eccentrically contract and hyper-extension to occur in his left shoulder and his biceps and triceps isotonically contract to allow for flexion to occur in his left elbow. All these things allow him to shoot the ball with ease and to have good posture. ...read more.

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