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3 VISION You're safe in every neighborhood, and you feel it. We envision a Chicago where we feel safe in any neighborhood, where we are measurably safer than today. As one of our most visible and painful challenges, violence is everyone's problem and it must be a top concern for us all. Therefore, we're setting the measurable goal of making Chicago the safest big city in America by This is a big goal, yet it reflects a level of crime reduction other cities have achieved. When our communities are safer, you and your neighbors will have more choices for school, work, and play. Safe communities will help the Chicago region grow and compete globally. Achieving this vision will require commitment from tens of thousands of government workers and hundreds of thousands of residents, action aligned to the same collective impact -- a safe Chicago where we're all happy to raise a family. CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 2

6 19 JULY 2012 Making every community in the Chicago area safe is a top priority for us personally and for everyone who works at the City and the Count. We can't do that without you. We need your help on your block, in your community, and with your family and friends. The schools, police, and social workers, the block clubs, community centers, and churches are all ready to get you involved. Read this draft plan, discuss it with your neighbors, and share your ideas with us -- and take action. Together, we can make our hometown America's safest big city. Honorable Paul P. Biebel, Jr. Presiding Judge, Criminal Division, Circuit Court of Cook County Evelyn Diaz Commissioner, Chicago Department of Family & Support Services Shauna Boliker First Assistant State s Attorney Dr. Byron Brazier Pastor, Apostolic Church of God Jean-Claude Brizard CEO, Chicago Public Schools Rashanda Carroll Executive Director, Re-entry and Diversion, Cook County Sheriff Donald A. Cooke Senior Vice President, Robert R. McCormick Foundation Felicia Davis First Deputy Chief of Staff to Mayor Emanuel Garry McCarthy Superintendent, Chicago Police Department Jesús Reyes Acting Chief Probation Officer, State of Illinois Circuit Court of Cook County Michael D. Rodríguez Executive Director, Enlace Chicago Alexander Gail Sherman Principal, Civic Consulting Alliance Juliana Stratton Director, Justice Advisory Council, Cook County Thomas J. Wilson Chairman and CEO, The Allstate Corporation 5 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

7 CARE FOR CHICAGO: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Violent crime in Chicago has fallen for several years, yet in most of our region violence remains unacceptably high. Every single day three school-age youth are shot in the city. Last year, 37 Chicago Public School students were murdered. Overall, only three out of ten people live in areas as safe as the other two big American cities. 1 No one -- especially not our youth -- should have to live with such violence and fear. This report summarizes what's been done already to alleviate violence in Chicago, and it's also a blueprint for how our community leaders, government, nonprofit leaders, and our youth can work together to make every resident safe. From the 1960s through the 1980s, violence skyrocketed everywhere in urban America. Since then, New York and Los Angeles have each cut violent crimes in half and are now much safer than Chicago. We still have more gangs and more guns than other cities: Chicago police routinely recover more guns than New York and Los Angeles police combined. Inequities remain in the city and suburbs, and people's quality of life thus varies widely. 1 Six Chicago police districts are as safe as the New York or LA average, accounting for 29% of the population. Violent crime: homicide, criminal sexual assault, robbery, aggravated battery. Source: FBI: CPD, NYPD, LAPD Definitions of aggravated battery differ between FBI and PDs. US Census. Violence is preventable. Recent research points to how policing can be more effective, for example, through focusing on beat cops and holding commanders CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 1

8 accountable for all activity in their process included hundreds more from districts. Equally important are communities and government. programs that prevent violence, for Teenagers and young adults (many example, helping teenagers cope with caught up in the justice system) and stressful situations more peacefully. community leaders participated in more Youth in one such program, many of than a dozen planning sessions. whom had been arrested before entering the program, committed 40% fewer Businesses offered pro bono support for violent crimes than before the program. the planning, providing $3 million in service at no charge to taxpayers. Everyone pays for our high level of violence. Across the range of Actions: government and community programs, Prevention, Intervention, Response from policing and courts to counseling and youth services, we're collectively Rather than preventing violence, we spending $4.4 billion a year in the region spend much more money dealing with -- that's $2,300 per family per year. It's violence after the fact. The people who not a question of resources alone; it's a worked together on this plan concluded, question of how we work together. first, that prevention, such as helping young families, is "If I had a superpower, I'd have time travel. People getting shot -- I'd go back in time and stop it." West Side youth much less difficult on communities and much more costeffective. Second, with information about the causes and patterns of violence, service providers can target resources more efficiently, intervening with those at risk of violence before it happens. Multi-sector, multi-community leadership Last year, Mayor Rahm Emanuel and Cook County President Toni Preckwinkle joined forces to address violence. They assembled 50 leaders from government, faith, community, business, foundation, and research (page 43). The planning The partnership convened by the Mayor and County President agreed on a series of actions for prevention, intervention, and response that reflect the best thinking in Chicago and elsewhere. These draw on clinically proven, evidence-based practices to address many of the risk factors that destabilize communities. 2 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

9 ACTION STEPS FOR COMMUNITY-GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS Prevention in communities. We must promote positive behaviors and prevent the risk factors that destabilize communities by taking action to reduce gun violence, fostering strong families, and providing more jobs. 1. Strong blocks "wraparound". To prevent crime from returning after the police clear a drug market, city services will help hold the block and community members will re-build. 2. Expanded safe passage. Community members will patrol more paths to and from school, to intervene before violence occurs or escalates. 3. Policy reforms based on youth shooting review. "Social autopsy" of a homicide involving youth by representatives from all agencies accountable for their safety will help identify ways to prevent recurrences. Intervention with youth at risk. We must intervene with youth who are at greater risk to re-engage students in school, offer more choices out-of-school, and instill the social and emotional skills youth need to deal with stress peacefully. 4. Coordinated out-of-school programs. Arts, science, technology, sports, and jobs offer youth positive options after school, and customized programs like One Summer PLUS serve teenagers who are typically left out of programs. 5. Specialized mentoring and family engagement. Social-emotional learning at school helps young adults foster positive ways of relating to peers and adults; some services are tailored for those most at risk of violence involvement. 6. Restorative justice for school discipline. Alternatives to out-of-school suspension keep youth safer and help them stay engaged until graduation. 7. Student re-engagement centers. Those who miss many days of school can find customized paths and coaching at a cross-agency collaborative. Response. We need to respond better after a violent incident has occurred to distinguish high-risk segments, help low-risk defendants get services rather than go to jail, and connect offenders leaving prison to services so they don't return to crime. 8. Gang accountability (Violence Reduction Strategy). Police call in gang leaders, offering social services and threatening "zero tolerance" policy if one of their members kills anyone. 9. Community-based alternatives to detention. Expanded programs will keep low-risk people out of jail, allow them to stay connected with their families, jobs, or schooling, and thus be less likely to get involved in more serious crime. 10. Enhanced pre-trial services. Better, more reliable information will help judges supervise release more appropriately and allow low-risk defendants to return to their communities without risk to public safety. 11. Aftercare services for ex-offenders. Immediate case management, service, and educational linkages will replace the surveillance and punishment focus of juvenile parole. CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 3

10 Almost every single one of these priorities is already underway in at least one community. Nearly half of the $35 million annual cost is already committed, and the remainder will be identified through savings and entrepreneurial funds. Many more ongoing programs need to continue: programs for young families, such as home visits by nurses and child-parent centers; mental health services in the community and for those in the justice system; community-based programs, youth empowerment, substance abuse counseling, and others. Community leadership Government alone has neither the resources nor knowledge to sustain a safe environment day in and day out. Our government leaders need to enable community leaders and residents to take responsibility block by block. "Every time I hear a siren, Prevention action #1, Strong Blocks "wraparound," is a starting point for how this might work. Focusing on a known violent zone, the police, schools, and other agencies clear destabilizing elements like crime and trash and help community members lead initiatives to change the activity on that block and around it. I count my kids." South Side grandmother of a homicide victim In each neighborhood, there are already many types of prevention and intervention, such as block clubs, Head Start, and workforce training. There are many assets, such as schools, farmers markets, parks, community centers, and churches. In addition to structured programs, many residents are committed to strong and peaceful communities and live out that commitment day after day with their own families and neighbors. Ensuring consistently high quality and targeting resources appropriately requires community leadership in each neighborhood. City, County, and State government must support faith leaders, business owners, nonprofit executives, and other stakeholders with the environment they need to succeed: access to school principals, police commanders, and other resources; good data about what's working and what isn't; and technical support to innovate and build on success. With these tools and long-term commitment from many agencies, community leaders can build on their neighborhood's assets, expand effective programming, jointly pursue new resources and federal grants, mobilize residents, and foster an environment where families thrive. Legislative agenda At the State level, several legislative priorities are needed to support the action plan. These include: gun registration to deter trafficking; maintaining the ban on concealed 4 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

11 carry; community-specific diversion from prosecution; maintaining schools' discretion on which student disciplinary incidents to report to police; and allowing home-based electronic monitoring for non-violent people sentenced to serve time at Cook County Jail. Accountability and collective impact Accountability means that the Mayor, County President, and community leaders can turn to one individual for each of our strategies for prevention, intervention, and response. In turn, that public sector leader needs the resources to make it happen, the support to work with others, and the transparent reporting to be honest about what's making a difference. Thus, some initiatives are being led by the police, some by the judiciary, some by the schools, and so on. A small "operating committee" of agency heads and other leaders oversees these efforts on behalf of the Mayor, the County President, and the millions who live here. Coordinating them, a small core team tracks progress, solves problems, brings new resources to the table, and will report results. To address the barriers in the way of our action plan, the operating committee and core team have been calling on both community leadership and pro bono support from businesses. For example, data sharing: Researchers can determine one's risk of violence by looking at school attendance, family environment, justice system involvement, and other data. With this information, service providers could offer the right services to the right person at the right time. However, legal and technical issues often prevent service providers from seeing this information. A shared data strategy could both address privacy and security constraints and help our youth find the right counselor, course, or mentor when they need it. The County President and the Mayor will publish semi-annual reports from the operating committee, with easy-tounderstand facts about violence and our efforts to reduce it. "The children are now playing in the streets for the first time in three years." South Side community leader Hundreds have participated in creating the plan. Thousands more will need to carry it out. Your participation is critical. The Mayor, County President, and those they have appointed are determined to reduce violence. Your community, schools, police, and others are responsible for providing you the resources you need to be successfully involved. Join us. End violence. Empower neighborhoods. Make all of Chicago the safest in America. CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 5

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13 THE CONTEXT TODAY: VIOLENCE IS FALLING, BUT REMAINS UNACCEPTABLY HIGH Violent crime in Chicago has been falling for several years. While murder increased in early 2012, there are fewer rapes, robberies, and shootings than in prior years, and violent crime is down 16% citywide since The problem Several risk factors contribute to violence. Guns, gangs, and drugs are "too normal," and there are not enough services for families or jobs in the neighborhood. In almost every police district, violent crime has fallen. In Englewood, District 7, for example, violent crime has fallen nearly 20%; however, it remains more than three times higher than the city average. In many suburbs, violence remains higher than is either average for our region or acceptable. Our young people, especially those who've been arrested, too often are skipping school or dropping out or have limited options outside school hours. Our schools are not adequately equipped to address the social and emotional skills to deal with stress and conflict peacefully. Once people are caught up in the criminal justice system, even low-risk 2 Chicago Police annual reports, CompStat. CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 7

14 defendants wind up in jail and often lose their jobs or school spots; across the board, our system has difficulty facilitating successful re-entry into society for those who've served their time. Many of these risk factors correlate with race. Unfortunately, in our society today, both in Chicago and across America, poverty, high school drop out, crime, incarceration, and violence are concentrated in our black and brown communities. The racial dimension adds further complexity and emotion to these issues. York and Los Angeles police combined. Stronger gun laws at the State level can help reduce the supply of illegal guns to Chicago's criminals and gang members. The prevalence of gangs in Chicago can create environments where retaliation is encouraged. The people the police arrest here are four times more likely to be affiliated with a gang than in New York. 4 An effective violence reduction plan must address the entrenched gang culture. While Chicago is known for its strict gun laws, most guns recovered in Chicago are trafficked from outside the city limits. New York and California both have stronger gun laws than we do in Illinois. Partly as a result of these laws, Los Angeles has cut its homicide rate by 70% since 1990 and New York by nearly 80%, and today their homicide rates are less than half of Chicago's. 3 The prevalence of guns in Chicago means that ordinary personal conflicts can turn deadly. Chicago police routinely recover more guns than New 3 Source: FBI, US Census. One of the challenges for older teens and young adults is the availability of positive options for activities out-ofschool. While after school programs, jobs, sports clubs, apprenticeships, and academic programs offer tens of thousands of opportunities out-ofschool, those at greatest risk of violence don't engage in these programs as frequently. Without attractive options for evenings and weekends, it is difficult to re-engage these youth and provide safe environments at all hours. School attendance is one of the most significant ways to prevent violence. Dropouts are 50% more likely to be 4 Cook, Ludwig, Venkatesh, and Braga. "Underground Gun Markets." The Economic Journal, 117 (November), F CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

15 murdered than high school graduates. 5 Despite such widespread evidence of education as a protective factor and "We're not gonna take it, we're not going to tolerate it. Our babies are looking for us to take the lead. I've buried too many children." South Side community leader policies often have the opposite effect, pushing students out, once they begin to show early warning signs. For example, until recently, leaving school without permission could result in outof-school suspension, further exposing youth to the negative influences of the street and a network of dropouts and truants. despite significant reform efforts, our public schools system graduates just 61% of high school students. Not surprisingly, good attendance makes one more likely to graduate: 87% of freshman who missed less than a week per semester graduated within four years; missing one to two weeks per semester drops that rate to 63%. 6 Historically, truant officers tracked absence and tried to re-engage students individually. Today, no such system exists and, in fact, school 5 Cook and Ludwig, Elaine M. Allensworth, John Q. Easton, "What Matters for Staying On-Track and Graduating in Chicago Public High Schools A Close Look at Course Grades, Failures, and Attendance in the Freshman Year," Consortium on Chicago School Research, July One contributing factor is the limited opportunity for in-school suspension. Over the last two years, 63% of misconducts at elementary schools and 49% at high schools resulted in out-ofschool suspension. The majority of these suspensions are for non-serious violations and they last on average 3.2 days for high school students. Policies like these and the lack of resources to re-engage students have resulted in the situation we have today: 100,000 chronically truant youths, who have missed 5% of the previous 180 days of school. Approximately 60,000 school-aged students, years old, were not enrolled or had officially dropped out before graduating from high school. To re-engage these students, often the standard curriculum is insufficient to meet their needs for remedial education or social-emotional support. CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 9

16 Currently, CPS has the capacity to serve 5,500 of these students in alternative settings, just 7% of those who could benefit from this help. There is a waiting list of 25,000 students for alternative schools. The impact of re-engaging these students holds promise both for reducing violence and also for offering these young Chicagoans a better future. When we fail to provide our youth better options, the result is an overcrowded judicial system. More than 5,000 adolescents aged years were detained at the Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center in 2010, at a cost of $350 per day. 7 Once youth become involved with the justice system, our policies too often suck them further into the system, and the path to rehabilitation is too limited. At the Detention Center, 38% were detained for violating probation rather than committing a crime. 8 At State-run facilities, 40% of the incarcerated youth are there for technical violations of their parole. "One of the problems in the community that contributes to violence is lack of resources. Lack of resources equals confusion." South suburban community leader That is, the Prisoner Review Board determined that they were no longer a public safety risk, but the youth didn't attend school, couldn't get a job, missed counseling, or violated parole without committing a new crime. 9 To address such challenges, the State of Illinois commissioned a Youth Reentry Improvement Report, which illustrates the scale of challenges and how the system can exacerbate violence in our region: 10 A parole agent noted a juvenile "tested positive three times for THC... and [his] father has passed away, which will send him over the edge." Rather linking him to drug weapons charge violent crime drug crime property crime statutory/ technical violation 7 "Juvenile Detention in Cook County: Future Directions," prepared for Office of the Chief Judge, Circuit Court of Cook County, with support from The Jane Addams Juvenile Court Foundation, re-issued February Chicago Youth Justice Data Project: counseling (as mandated) the agent 9 Illinois Juvenile Justice Commission Youth Re-entry Improvement Report, November 2011, pp Idem. pp CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

17 revoked his parole. The young man was re-incarcerated. A young woman reported problems with her mental health counselor. The parole agent failed to respond and violated the youth's parole for "failure to comply with mental health condition" of parole. A parolee and his mother requested a curfew extension to take GED classes. Rather than responding to the request or helping the youth find an alternative, the agent violated the youth for breaking curfew. perhaps best mapped at the neighborhood level. Across the range of government and community programs devoted to addressing violence -- from policing and courts to counseling and youth services to school safety and even support for young families facing challenges -- the Chicago region collectively spends $4.4 billion a year. For adults involved in the criminal justice system, the situation is comparably bleak. In 2011, 196 people were admitted to the Cook County Jail every single day. While this figure is lower than recent years, 53% of those convicted were back within three years. 11 Some solutions Public and private organizations already offer many regional and communitybased programs to reduce violence and stabilize communities. An early scan identified nearly 1,000 programs ranging from targeted efforts like those offered by Little Black Pearl in Kenwood and Enlace in Little Village to more comprehensive efforts from the Sheriff and the Illinois Violence Prevention Authority. This scan represents only a fraction of the established and emerging programs; the full range is 11 Olson, D.E., Tahier, S. (2012). Population Dynamics and the Characteristics of Inmates in the Cook County. Chicago, Illinois, Cook County Sheriff's Re-entry Council. Cook County Sheriff's Re-entry Council Research Bulletin, March The largest expenses are directed toward surveillance or confinement (Chicago Police, Cook County Departments of Corrections, and Illinois Department of Corrections) and not supportive services to treat the underlying causes. Reducing violence can reduce government costs, and savings could be re-allocated to cost-effective prevention. Analysis suggests our priorities could free up $80 million - CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 11

18 $220 million by 2020, primarily by reducing detention and incarceration. Benchmarking across the country reveals many new opportunities for prevention, intervention, and response. The Crime Lab at the University of Chicago publishes reviews of the relative cost effectiveness of different approaches. And John Jay College, the University of Colorado Blueprints, and the Department of Justice, among others, offer scores more examples of other evidence-based and promising programs. Some of the best of these are reflected in the actions section of this plan. 12 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

19 PLANNING PROCESS: MULTI-SECTOR, MULTI-COMMUNITY LEADERSHIP A new approach initiative presented both a new level of Historically, significant reforms in public coordination of summer programs for safety have been complicated, because youth as well as a new targeted effort key agencies are split among City, in several neighborhoods to serve County, and State governments. For youth who don't typically join summer example, the largest concentration of programs. Sharing these interests, police officers in the region are several foundations and corporations employed by the City, while the provided new funds to make One majority of the criminal justice system Summer Chicago possible, thus offering (courts, probation, jails) is funded by thousands of teenagers sports, the County. counseling, arts, and jobs they wouldn't otherwise have. One Summer Chicago In 2010, during their also set a high bar for rapid action. campaigns, Cook County President Toni With this action Preckwinkle and orientation, the County Chicago Mayor Rahm President and Mayor Emanuel each adopted expanded their safety as one of their partnership to include 50 top priorities. After leaders from faith, election, both made it community, business, central to their media, foundation, administrations. government, and Recognizing the need research. for a shared approach, Mayor Emanuel and Some of these leaders County President Preckwinkle joined together on a crossagency, cross-sector effort to address violence. As an early indication of their shared commitment, they jointly launched One Summer Chicago in May This "In my 35 years organizing, I've never seen this kind of group brought together around a single issue." West Side leader have long been vocal about the need for changes to make our communities safer. Others are new to the discussion and bring previously unheard perspectives. At a level not seen in recent years, the County voice joined that of the City, bringing the Forest Preserve District, Cook County CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 13

20 Department of Public Health, and other regional views to the table. Another notable new perspective is that of corporate Chicago. Chicago's business community offered pro bono support for the planning, with a dozen companies providing more than $3 million in services. Through Civic Consulting Alliance, a nonprofit that builds pro bono teams of business experts, government leaders, and its own staff, several private-sector organizations have committed staffing support, including: The Allstate Corporation, Bain, Burrell Communications, the Crime Lab, DLA Piper, Ernst & Young, IBM, McDonald's Corporation, N'Digo, and Perkins Coie. The generosity of many supported Civic Consulting's role in this planning process, including: BET, The Chicago Community Trust, The Civic Committee of the Commercial Club of Chicago, The Field Foundation of Illinois, The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Joyce Foundation, and the Robert R. McCormick Foundation. Over the months of planning, the partnership has expanded to neighborhood leadership, with hundreds from both government and communities becoming involved. In two areas most beset by violence, a few dozen leaders have stepped forward to organize their neighbors and 14 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

21 seek an active, block-oriented partnership with government agencies. The new umbrella organizations include Helping Hands of Englewood and Greater Garfield Organization to Revitalize the West side (GROW). prior to attending Options. Enlace in Little Village brought together a large number of teen-age and young-adult youth; one of their top concerns is their ability to get to parks safely while crossing gang territories. The youth voice -- especially from those exposed to violence -- has been critical to the planning since the beginning. For example, Little Black Pearl in Kenwood brought together more than a dozen students, most of whom had been chronically truant, expelled, or arrested prior to their enrollment at Options Laboratory School. They cited the availability of outlets for their stress as a top concern Overall, the planning process followed a public health approach for reducing violence. This approach recognizes that violence has many causes, and that we must address these causes at the individual, family, community, and society levels. At each of these levels, we measure the violence, identify risk factors, develop and test strategies to reduce risk, and promote the most cost-effective strategies. Guiding Principles for Planning and Collaborative Action Reduce violence and stabilize communities by focusing on actions with the most impact Enhance prevention and intervention with data-driven outcomes Improve government accountability and alignment, delivering services through the provider with the best service per dollar Reduce system costs, making new investments for greater long-term efficiency Be inclusive, engaging leaders from community, City, County, and State Share success, maintain open communication, and recognize outstanding performance CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 15

22 ACTIONS: PREVENTION, INTERVENTION, RESPONSE The following actions for prevention, intervention, and response reflect the best thinking in Chicago and elsewhere. They draw on clinically proven, evidence based practices, such as cognitive behavioral programs, and seek to fill gaps with the best common sense thinking, such as One Summer PLUS for youth who don't usually find summer jobs. For each action, the City and County will jointly dedicate resources to manage the effort, seek public and private funding to test the approach in a handful of areas, and eventually re-allocate funds to expand what's most effective. Because of the critical role of community leadership, each initiative will be offered to local leadership to adapt and implement as best fits their neighborhood. These efforts are estimated to require approximately $35 million in re-allocated or new funds per year, of which $15 million is already committed for the first year. Each action plan includes the lead agency, a benchmark of performance from local experience or a comparable program elsewhere, approximate timing to reach impact, estimated annual resource requirements, economic impact based on the social return on investment, a description of the program, and upcoming milestones. The economic impact of each action is based on research about the social costs of murder and school dropout. A murder costs society $13 million - $18 million of victim and justice costs, lost productivity of offenders, and other estimates. Preventing a high school dropout creates $420,000 - $630,000 in social value from wages, productivity, improved child rearing, and other social benefits. 12 As the strategies are successful, they will be extended to new neighborhoods. Efforts piloted on the South Side can be replicated on the West Side; those 12 Adjusted to 2011 dollars. Cohen, Mark and Piquero, Alex. "New Evidence on the Monetary Value of Saving a High Risk Youth", J Quant Criminol (2009) 25: DeLisi, Matt, et al. "Murder by numbers: monetary costs imposed by a sample of homicide offenders", The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, Vol. 21, No. 4, August 2010, CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

23 piloted in the City can be replicated in the suburbs. The followed actions steps are examples of how communities and government can work together to address violence. Local government leaders will work with communities as necessary to develop and modify these to be useful in their neighborhoods. As community leaders work closely with government leaders, new actions will be identified, and as a region we will learn what works best in Chicago. Prevention in communities To promote positive behaviors and to prevent the risk factors that destabilize communities, we must take renewed action to reduce gun violence, foster strong families, and increase economic opportunities. 1. Strong blocks "wraparound" 2. Expanded safe passage 3. Policy reforms based on youth shooting review "One of the ladies came to the meeting literally with tears in her eyes. She said for the first time in as many years as she could remember, people were sitting on the front porch feeling comfortable. Kids were playing in the streets. Those are the anecdotal things that tell you something is happening." South Side minister Intervention with youth at risk To intervene with youth who are at greater risk, our actions need to reengage students in school, offer more choices out-of-school, and instill the social and emotional skills youth need to deal with stress peacefully. 4. Coordinated out-of-school programs 5. Specialized mentoring and family engagement 6. Restorative justice for school discipline 7. Student re-engagement centers Response To respond better after a violent incident has occurred, our actions need to distinguish high-risk segments, help lowrisk defendants get services rather than go to jail, and connect offenders to services so they don't return to crime. 8. Gang accountability (Violence Reduction Strategy) 9. Community-based alternatives to detention 10. Enhanced pre-trial services 11. Aftercare services for exoffenders CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 17

24 Action 1 Strong Blocks "Wraparound" Lead agency. Chicago Police Department Benchmark. 41% reduction in violent crime. Timing. Pilot in summer 2012 in Districts 7 and 11. Expand as soon as community resources are mobilized. Resources required. Existing Police Narcotics resources are required for initial enforcement and existing Patrol resources for ongoing enforcement. Existing resources are available at a community level to sustain the violence prevention, if coordinated more effectively. Economic impact. This program does not require new resources. Too often in the past, after the Police cleared a drug market or gang area, another gang moved in to fill the vacuum and continue illegal activities. Many of our hotspots today were known problem areas years ago and have been cleared again and again. To turn these areas around, we need a strategy to fill the void after a round up. Strong Blocks is one such strategy, coupling aggressive narcotics enforcement with "broken windows" policing, coordinated beautification services, and supportive community-led programs. Clear. The police round up violent narcotics traffickers in the area and maintain a presence on the block to scare off other gangs from coming in. They work with neighborhood leaders to support community programs in the vicinity. Hold. City services clean up the block, fixing street lights, erasing graffiti, removing blight, and offering social services. Police maintain a presence on the blocks for several weeks, deterring both drug dealers and drug buyers. Build. Community leaders program the vicinity with "positive loitering," town halls, nonprofit programs, truant and ex-offender services, and block clubs. An ongoing community collaboration, including all the major stakeholders in specific geographic areas, is needed to maintain and sustain community building in the aftermath of significant enforcement operations. Enhanced and focused collaboration with other City, County, and State departments in these areas, particularly those departments that provide social services and community development services, will facilitate the long-term reduction in violence and crime in those areas. In late 2011, Chicago Police began to refocus efforts to build collaborative networks of community stakeholders in targeted locations. Closer collaboration with other agencies and with community leaders is just beginning on a systematic basis. 13 Progress to date: 11 strong blocks active since April % less crime on and around strong blocks 13 Benchmark: David Kennedy, Deterrence and Crime Prevention: Reconsidering the Prospect of Sanction, p CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

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27 Action 2 Expanded Safe Passage Lead agency. Chicago Public Schools Benchmark. 24% reduction of violent incidents along safe passage routes during arrival and dismissal times in the fall period. Timing. Currently available at 35 of 154 high schools; expanding in school year Resources required. $8.3 million per year for staffing, already committed. Economic impact. If additional students along Safe Passage routes graduate high school, the social returns outweigh the cost of the program. Students continually express safety concerns traveling to and from school, how the fear limits their school attendance, and how the stress affects their academic performance. Safe Passage deploys community members along pre-defined safe routes as students travel to and from school. The program relies on partnerships with the Police, Family and Support Services, and community stakeholders, including parents and students. Safe Passage staff monitor hot spots for suspicious behavior and potential conflicts, instantly report any known or potential conflicts to the schools and police, and meet regularly with community leaders to promote ongoing communication of concerns and strategies. CPS has Safe Passage for 35 high schools out of 154 total CPS high schools. Chicago Police CAPS organizes volunteer safe passage efforts around 203 elementary schools, particularly those elementary schools in the areas around the focus high schools. In future years, technology could be used to expand the capability of Safe Passage staff. For example, text messaging from students could alert staff to potential threats. Progress to date: Bus Tracker monitors installed at Safe Passage schools, so students can wait indoors CPS and CPD are coordinating Safe Passage deployment for school year CPS has selected community partners for routes "I don't have to worry about being in any type of crossfires." Student at a Safe Passage high school CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 21

28 Action 3 Policy Reforms based on Youth Shooting Review Lead agency. Chapin Hall Benchmark. Milwaukee Homicide Review Commission helped reduce homicide 41%. Timing. Pilot in 2012 in two Districts. If successful, expand regionally Resources required. $750,000 for three year pilot, plus staff time from several City, County, State, and Federal agencies. Economic impact. If the program reduces one homicide per year or helps one additional person graduate high school, the social returns will outweigh the project management costs. The Milwaukee Homicide Review Commission, a nationally recognized, multi-agency approach to violence prevention, shares information and carries out a social autopsy for after each homicide. 14 Based on this model and facilitated by the University of Chicago s Chapin Hall, Chicago-based agencies will review each school-age shooting in Chicago. The Review will help agencies share information and identify "hidden" patterns around incidents such as particular locations or victim and perpetrator background. Based on this information, Chapin Hall will facilitate the review panel to analyze gaps or failures in service such as at certain ages or grades. The agency representatives can then develop new strategies and policies to prevent gun violence among school-age youth. The data for the reviews are collected by different agencies in silos, for example, gun statistics by the police, deaths by firearm the Department of Public Health, and truancy (which increases the risk of violence) by the schools. Chapin Hall has hired an executive director to launch the pilot. Expected milestones: Summer 2012: Pilot commission in two Districts Autumn 2012: Assess initial results and determine second wave a districts to address Spring 2013: Begin incorporating data from all shootings in Chicago Spring 2014: Expand review to include all shooting in Chicago and, data permitting, County suburbs 14 City of Milwaukee Homicide Review Commission website: 22 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

29 Action 4 Coordinated Out-of- School Programs Lead agency. Chicago Dept of Family and Support Services Benchmark. 17,500 youth engaged in summer employment. Timing. Offer jobs and jobs plus social support in 13 high schools in summer Resources required. $2 million has been secured from City, County, and private sources to serve 700 youth. Including minimum wage, mentoring, and outreach activities, the cost per student is $2,900. Funding requirements for future years depend on 2012 outcomes. Year-round and summer programs for youth have long been understood to benefit school performance, violence reduction, long-term employment, and the quality of community life. 15 Each year, youth-serving agencies like Family and Support Services, Chicago Park District, Chicago Public Libraries, After School Matters, the Chicago Housing Authority, and Cook County Forest Preserve District offer tens of thousands of out-of-school time opportunities to keep youth attached to employment and development activities, out of harm s way, and on more constructive paths to productive futures. Maximizing the impact of these opportunities, coordinating and jointly promoting them, targeting programs systematically to those most in need, and using shared data to drive strategic decision-making will ensure the safety and positive development of our young people. In the short term, enhancing out-of-school services will focus on summer programming under the One Summer Chicago umbrella. More than 168,000 summer programs for youth aged 6-24 will be available in 2012 through agencies of the City, County, and State. These include summer camp, arts and sports programs, and 17,0000 paid summer jobs. One Summer Chicago will improve and expand collaboration among youth-serving agencies with a common set of metrics and supported by a common training curriculum for supervisors and a new, integrated website. In 2012, One Summer PLUS will engage 700 of our most vulnerable youth in productive and meaningful summer employment and rigorously evaluate the program to understand its impact on violence involvement and school outcomes. Progress to date: Secured private funding from Walmart to expand One Summer PLUS Received more than 50,000 applications for summer jobs Launched customized summer jobs for 700 youth at the greatest risk of violence involvement Secured pro bono support from the Crime Lab to develop program based on best practices and evaluate it rigorously 15 Harris, Linda. The tragic loss of the summer jobs program: why it s time to reinstate!, Economic Report, Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies, 13-14, July/August CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 23

30 24 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

31 Action 5 Specialized Mentoring and Family Engagement Lead agency. Chicago Public Schools Benchmark. 40% reduction in violent crimes by at-risk youth in Becoming a Man (BAM) and increased academic achievement equivalent to 5%-8% higher graduation. Resources required. $4 million per year for universal SEL for curriculum, teacher and clinician training, and quality assurance. $8 million over three years to expand BAM. $3 million for the first two years to pilot and evaluate middle school family engagement. Timing. Pending funding. Economic impact. One year of the expected reduction in arrests generate social benefits 2-10 times program costs. The skills young people need to engage in contemporary learning and to succeed in college and career are grossly incomplete without ample social skills. Developing these skills is called Social-Emotional Learning or SEL, a type of learning that is relevant for all students. There are also SEL programs for high-risk youth, for example, Becoming a Man - BAM Sports Edition, which often use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). This type of program helps students identify and fix thinking errors, such as assuming that others are always deliberately provoking them, and thus develop the skills to handle conflict peacefully. 16 The specialized mentoring and family engagement approach has three focuses: Universal SEL. CPS currently supports the implementation of school-wide SEL in 50 volunteer pioneer sites. District-wide curricula include Anger Management (grades 3-12) and Trauma Treatment. Further expansion will require training and monitoring. Targeted CBT. The Crime Lab, Youth Guidance, and World Sport Chicago aim to expand from 15 to 40 schools (2,000 young men). In addition, CPS aims to have at least one CBT program implemented in every Title I school. Innovative family engagement. Middle school is a critical time to make positive life choices, before negative influences can lead to chronic truancy or arrest. Existing models of wraparound, family support (for example, Functional Family Therapy for adjudicated youth) hold promise to help young people make better choices; however, their scalability and cost-effectiveness remains uncertain. The Crime Lab will host a design competition to identify promising interventions and then work with selected applicants to launch and evaluate pilots. Progress to date: BAM operated in 14 Chicago schools over 27 weeks during school year Roughly 10% of CPS school counselors and 80% of school social workers are trained in CBT 16 University of Chicago Crime Lab, BAM II Project Summary. CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 25

32 Action 6 Restorative Justice for School Discipline Lead agency. Chicago Public Schools Benchmark. 4,000 minutes increased instructional time per year per school was observed in North Carolina. Timing. Pilot in 2012 with 2-3 high school networks; expand to all high-need areas fall Resources required. $4 million - $6 million for training, technology, evaluation, teacher time, and community partners for alternative settings and programs. Economic impact. If 10 additional students who face discipline graduate high school, the social returns outweigh the cost of the program. Over the last two school years, 63% of misconducts at elementary schools and 49% at high schools resulted in out-of-school suspensions, averaging 2.4 and 3.2 days each, respectively. The majority of these are for non-violent incidents. Current alternative-toexpulsion options serve 46% of eligible students annually, and 80% of those who participate complete the program. Several studies have found negative outcomes following suspension and expulsion, such as delinquency, substance abuse and dropout. 17 There is little scientific research to show that zero-tolerance measures are effective in reducing school violence or increasing school safety. 18 In the summer of 2012, CPS revised its Student Code of Conduct to focus on more restorative practices. The timing is ripe for new programs to reduce the use of out-ofschool consequences. Longer term, programs also need to reduce recidivism of youth in alternative consequences. For serious infractions, the new approach potentially will include: Assignments to alternative settings during the school day, possibly including School Personal Development Models Saturday or after school mandatory programs with structured skill building curriculum, homework help, and aftercare Distance learning with ementoring using skype Restorative justice practices in school or other settings. Progress to date: CPS has developed a partnership with the University of Chicago and others to pioneer new methods in the school year and launch a design competition to schools to develop and implement promising practices 17 Fine, M. (1991). Framing Dropouts Notes on the Politics of an Urban Public High School. Albany: State University of New York Press. Opportunities Suspended: The Devastating Consequences of Zero Tolerance and School Discipline, Advancement Project & The Civil Rights Project, Harvard University, Skiba, Russell. Zero Tolerance, Zero Evidence: An Analysis of School Disciplinary Practice. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana Education Policy Center, August CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

33 Action 7 Student Re-engagement Centers Lead agency. Chicago Public Schools Benchmark. 63% school retention for students re-enrolled at Boston re-engagement centers. Timing. Pilot with three centers in fall Resources required. $3.7 million per year for three centers, including staffing, intervention, and case management, is being sought from State grant support. Economic impact. If the centers help 8-10 more students graduate high school, the social returns outweigh the cost of the program. New policies can promote State-wide policies and funding for schools to support and retain students at high risk of dropout. The Alternative Schools Network helps shape policies based on its promising practices gleaned from operating successful education, employment, and support programs. Jobs for the Future scanned policies from all 50 states and assessed the need for change to improve alternative pathways for struggling students and former dropouts. The re-engagement center provides an immediate opportunity for chronically truant and out-of-school youth, while State policies and district funding address the broader need for alternative schools. The center will serve as a location for families and youth seeking support to re-enroll in school as well as location where community members may refer students on the street during school hours. The centers will reduce violent crime by shrinking the number of youth on the streets during school hours, thus decreasing the opportunity for these youth to engage in criminal acts. For dropouts, they will provide re-enrollment services. For chronic truants, they will offer case management services to youth dealing with non-academic reasons for missing school. Measures of success include attendance rates of youth post visit to re-engagement center, number of out-of-school youth visiting the center that successfully re-enroll in school, and decrease in criminal activity during school hours. Progress to date: Submitted grant application to State of Illinois for pilot re-engagement centers and sought commitment of resources from other agencies Worked with Englewood leaders to identify a site for the first center Working with community leadership groups to identify locations in two more communities and establish network of services that can be linked to students visiting the centers Participated in planning session with five other districts that have implemented this approach CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 27

34 Action 8 Gang Accountability (Violence Reduction Strategy) Lead agency. Chicago Police Department Benchmark. 37% reduction in gun homicide documented in a pilot on Chicago's West Side. Timing. Pilot in 2012 in Districts 6, 7, 11, and 15. As needed, expand to other areas. Resources required. Project management costs $600,000 per year, currently supported by the MacArthur Foundation. Significant Police Patrol resources, already part of their annual budget, are needed to follow through on group accountability. Social services for reforming gang leaders require $2 million per year. Economic impact. Averting one homicide per year provides a greater social return than the incremental program costs. First demonstrated in Boston in 1996 and subsequently in many other jurisdictions, this Gang Accountability approach relies on direct communication with violent groups by a partnership of law enforcement, service providers, and community figures. 19 Together the partnership delivers a unified no violence message, explains that violence will bring law enforcement attention to entire groups, offers services and alternatives to group members, and articulates community norms against violence. The first step is gang mapping, identifying violent groups and members on parole or probation. Based on this map, the police "call in" paroled gang leaders and present a unified face with other law enforcement agencies, service providers, and community voices: a voice of pain from one who's lost family to violence, a voice of redemption from a gang member who's reformed, and a voice of aspiration. If there is a gang-related homicide, the police and other law enforcement coordinate a zero tolerance crack down on that gang faction. Once the gang has felt noticeable pressure, the police and partners conduct a second call in similar to the first. They offer positive options while pointing to the empty seats -- those who've been arrested since the first call in because their gang committed murder. The call ins repeat as necessary. Progress to date: MacArthur Foundation has provided support for John Jay College to help Chicago adapt this national best practice Chicago Police have completed gang audits in every district Four police districts held call ins with gang leaders In the most established district, on the West Side, shootings are down 13% and murders down 22% in the 20 months since the first call in 19 Andrew V. Papachristos, Tracey L. Meares, and Jeffrey Fagan. Attention Felons: Evaluating Project Safe Neighborhoods in Chicago, Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, Volume 4, Issue 2, , July CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

35 Action 9 Community-based Alternatives to Detention Lead agencies. Cook County Departments of Juvenile Probation and Re-entry and Diversion Benchmark. None identified. Timing. Current models exist. Expansion pending funding availability. Resources required. $3 million - $4 million per year for program providers. Even a small amount of time behind bars exposes youth to greater risk of school dropout, unemployment, and future criminality. Community-based alternatives to secure confinement range from temporary housing for youth who are not a safety risk, but cannot go back home, to intensive community supervision. These alternatives have been proven both to be more effective at reducing recidivism and to cost a fraction of detention. Cook County has significantly reduced the number of juveniles detained, and there is still more to be done. For example, Functional Family Therapy and Multi-Systemic Therapy work with youth and their families to reduce or prevent recidivism and delinquency by providing services such as assessments, in-home family therapy, parent education and support, substance abuse counseling, and case management. 20 For adult defendants, alternatives to Cook County Jail are equally important. Those who pose no risk to public safety should not held in the jail -- at great cost to themselves and to taxpayers. Proven alternatives keep such defendants under appropriate levels of supervision while allow them to remain connected with their communities and participate in educational, substance abuse, or vocational programs. Numerous programs divert individuals from the jail or help those who are in jail temporarily to prepare and plan for successful reentry. One such example is the Day Reporting Center operated by the Cook County Sheriff which provides educational and vocational programming to individuals on pre-trial electronic monitoring. This is only one of a many programs that fall under this category, many run by different government entities. The long-term goal, for both juvenile and adult detention facilities, is to broaden the capacity and spectrum of programs to keep as many people as possible in their communities, where they have family and other support networks and access to services, without compromising public safety. Expected milestones: Summer 2012: Finalize expansion plan with working groups Winter 2012: Launch community-based expansion services Spring 2013: Evaluate expansion and determine long-term approach 20 One Hope United Agency Overview, Revised 07 Dec Illinois Juvenile Justice Commission, Illinois Juvenile Justice Commission Youth Reentry Improvement Report, p. 11, November CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 29

36 Action 10 Enhanced Pre-Trial Services Lead agency. Cook County Adult Probation Benchmark. 85%-93% avoidance of further arrests while defendants return to court as required in New York City, Washington DC, and Philadelphia. Timing. Pilot in 2012 with grant funding. If successful, institutionalize with public funding in Resources required. $2 million $3 million annually for minimum 12 trained professional staff, including social workers. Existing resources from Sheriff s Office, State s Attorney, and Cook County Circuit Court will be involved. In fiscal year 2010, the Cook County jail housed 45,173 inmates who were released on bond shortly after their first court appearance or who were released as soon as their cases were resolved, on average in a matter of weeks. These inmates occupied on average 2,765 jail beds per day at a daily cost of $143 per person. Based on best practices, 21 trained professionals interview most of the approximately 100 recently arrested defendants brought to the court. They obtain and verify each defendant s criminal history and personal information. Interviewers and the social work staff assess risk, shape release plans to address risk for failure to appear or rearrest, and present their recommendations to the attorneys and the judge. For defendants objectively determined to pose: Little or no identified risk for failure to appear in court or for re-arrest: Release on Recognizance in lieu of monetary bail and possibly non-monetary conditions Greater risk: Appropriate conditions of release considering defendant's risk factors and needs, such as social services, drug treatment, or mental health treatment Moderate to high risk: Monitoring and supervision using existing resources such as electronic monitoring, if appropriate, thereby giving Central Bond Court Judges alternatives to pretrial jail detention. Progress to date: Comprehensive Bond Court study completed 21 National Institute of Justice, Pretrial Services: Responsibilities and Potential (Washington, D. C., March 2001). 30 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

37 Action 11 Aftercare Services for Ex-Offenders Lead agency. Illinois Department of Juvenile Justice Benchmark. None identified Resources required. $500,000 grant secured by DJJ and Illinois Juvenile Justice Commission. Further community partnerships, educational, and vocational resources are needed. Timing. Pilot is underway. To promote a youth s successful transition from an Illinois Youth Center (IYC) to the community, IDJJ will collaborate with the youth's family, community, and neighborhood resources. An optimal aftercare approach requires a culture change for facility staff, moving from a punitive toward a rehabilitative, treatment-focused model and beginning re-entry preparation the moment the youth enters IYC. The new model is evidence-based, engages families, promotes public safety, and holds youth accountable for their actions while providing better services in the facilities and more support once youth are released to the community. This approach could potentially build off of or incorporate principles from Functional Family Therapy and Multi-Systemic Therapy programs, both of which are available in Chicago. These programs work with youth and their families to reduce or prevent recidivism and delinquency by providing services such as assessments, in-home family therapy, parent education and support, substance abuse counseling, and case management. There are currently 20 aftercare workers and 150 participating youth, a ratio of 1:24. Youth are assigned an aftercare worker upon commitment to IDJJ. Family and community providers are engaged in treatment and re-entry planning while youth are in DJJ facilities. Replacing the more punitive supervision-based approach of adult parole, the program is designed to support and assist the youth while still holding youth accountable. In order to serve youth properly, IDJJ formed partnerships with other agencies through shared services agreements. Progress to date: Implemented three evidence-based screening and assessment instruments Developed and provided training on aftercare process and mental health training to Prisoner Review Board members Established placement resolution processes that addresses barriers to youth placement plans Initiated process with DCFS to utilize community-based Family Advocacy Centers as resource to sustain DJJ involved youth and families in the community CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 31

41 LEGISLATIVE AGENDA The highlighted actions for prevention, intervention, and response represent significant undertakings given current resources and the broader State and Federal landscape. The following are priorities for reshaping the landscape. Gun registration to deter trafficking HB 5831 could create a State-wide registry for handguns. Handgun owners would obtain a certificate of registration from the Illinois State Police for each handgun they own (just like a car). Upon sale, the registry would track the transfer of gun ownership. This legislation would not restrict the rights of law abiding gun owners; those eligible for a Firearm Owners Identification (FOID) card would have no trouble registering. The registry would give law enforcement an important tool to combat illegal trafficking of crime guns by enabling police to trace the chain of possession of a handgun to the point where it was illegally transferred. This information is critical for stemming the tide of illegal guns flowing into our neighborhoods. Theft of guns is a major source of crime guns. A stolen gun report gives law enforcement valuable information about guns entering the illegal market and deters traffickers from falsely claiming a gun as stolen. A recent study found roughly half the guns recovered at Chicago crime scenes originated from licensed gun dealers outside of Chicago in other parts of Illinois. Other states have similar provisions to track the flow of illegal guns. For example, in California, prospective purchasers must submit an application through a licensed dealer to the California Department of Justice, which maintains a database of those records. Community-specific diversion from prosecution SB 2899 would allow Cook County to take a more focused approach to Redeploy Illinois by narrowing down the project to specific geographic areas in need of diversion programs. Each neighborhood or district has its own unique strengths and needs. This bill would allow us to better serve our residents with diversion programs specifically designed for those communities and do so without the fear of failing to meet the required 25% reduction in Department of Juvenile Justice commitments County wide. Instead we can meet the requirement for the designated geographic area through a focused and carefully designed program for that specific area s needs and strengths. Maintaining schools' discretion on which student disciplinary incidents to report to police SB 3415 would require school officials to report to police any assault or battery, among other crimes, that occurs on school grounds or school buses. This would unfortunately give CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 35

42 many students criminal records who don't deserve them. Definitions for report-mandatory crimes are so broad they include typically adolescent behavior, such as a threat to hit someone, an average scuffle in the school yard, or food fights. The bill would require police to detain all youth implicated until investigation is complete. This would establish law enforcement records for any youth involved in a fight on school grounds, regardless of their role. Legislators should oppose this bill to avoid stigmatizing youth unnecessarily. Including soon-to-be-released prisoners in the census of their last address HB 3843 would require anyone with less than four years left on his or her sentence to be counted in the census as a resident of his or her most recent address outside of prison rather than the facility district. This allows for a more accurate census for the purposes of redistricting. It would assist in properly drawing districts by population and also in determining the appropriate amount of funds and services needed in communities. The current practice of counting inmates in the prisons distorts population data and distorts districts, given Illinois extremely high prison population (almost 50,000), the concentration of prisons in less populated areas Illinois, and the fact that a majority of people in prisons come from communities far away from where they are incarcerated. Allowing home-based electronic monitoring for those sentenced to serve time at Cook County Jail SB 3584 would allow county sheriffs to put individuals sentenced to serve time in county jail on electronic home monitoring when appropriate. Thus, counties could save resources when they find an offender is an appropriate candidate to serve his/her sentence in a less restrictive setting. The bill could save County money, allow suitable offenders to remain in touch with family and community which has been shown to reduce recidivism, and reduces the strain on our overpopulated jails. Electronic monitoring allows for the offender to leave the home for services such as drug treatment, day reporting requirements, vocational programming, or community service all of which make the offender less likely to recidivate. 36 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

43 COMMUNITY LEADERSHIP To some degree, communities have To begin laying the foundation for been "paralyzed by trauma"; for an collective action, Helping Hands and initiative like Strong Blocks to succeed, GROW each assembled an executive residents must be ready to come out of committee of 4-6 individuals or their homes and actively support the organizations who are respected as strategy. Low community engagement leaders in the community and have is sometimes driven by a history of bad experience working with coalitions to experiences and poor service. If affect change. Members of the residents don't feel a positive change in executive committee have an extensive their interactions with police and other network that reaches across a variety public services, that distrust can work of stakeholder groups. While this against the credibility of our vision. group does not have to have expertise in all areas, it is ready and able to How to address these concerns varies from community to community. The answers can only come from residents themselves and "Violence will not go away until we have a success mentality." Englewood community leader involve others to address the issues. With open dialogue with the City and County, the executive committees of Helping Hands and GROW each took a few months to community stakeholders like pilot a new process for communitygovernment partnership. community centers and churches, businesses and universities. Public officials and public sector leaders have Convene stakeholders and set targets. to listen and work cooperatively. The executive committee expanded their network of faith, nonprofit, Successful community leadership builds business, resident, and government off of anchor institutions and includes leaders. leaders from each segment of the community. For example, Helping In conjunction with police, schools, and Hands of Englewood and Greater others, this group identified specific Garfield Revitalization of the West Side actions to undertake with current (GROW) have recently formed as resources. Early action resulting from leadership groups to guide efforts to these gatherings include marches, reduce violence and stabilize vigils, and targeted recruitment for communities. services. CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 37

44 address issues. This provides government agencies with a "go to" group to mobilize resources or help implement programs. The groups have also begun to identify new resources, such as the Federal Promise Community programs, for which the partnership can make them uniquely competitive. There are significant opportunities for Federal, State, local, and private support, if community leaders can develop a competitive case for both the need and their ability to use resources effectively. To meet the community's aspirations, the steering committee began to identify strong programs that could be expanded or refocused. Assess community assets and aspirations. Once community leaders and town hall forums identified the community's assets and aspirations, the City and County provided benchmark data for these, helped inventory community assets, and identify strong practices to consider modeling. Ensure accountability and results through partnership. Helping Hands and GROW have begun to meet regularly to report on progress and "This vision is just what the doctor ordered." The central support for community leadership presents an opportunity to inform residents on some of the broader initiatives already underway to help improve communities, such as City Colleges re-invention, bike lanes, CTA renovation, and others. Initiatives like these establish a more positive tone and can create an atmosphere closer to true community-wide "prevention" envisioned. Many collaboratives face the challenges of how to sustain themselves, how to plan for leadership succession, and how to maintain energy after the initial rush. City, County, and State government must offer the support these leaders need. For example, local government could sponsor neighborhood tours to share best practices or an annual summit of community and government leaders. West Side minister 38 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

45 This overall approach builds on several models of community engagement already operating in the city and suburbs, such as those operated by Local Initiatives Support Cooperative (LISC), Illinois Neighborhood Recovery Initiative, and Community Alternative Policing Strategies (CAPS). Open dialogue sessions with the Mayor's Office and County President's Office have already started, to open communications among community leaders and with public officials. At these sessions, community leaders share their long-term strategies and discuss recent milestones and challenges. Government agencies provide performance data about how they are serving these communities, for example, how quickly 311 service requests are filled. CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 39

46 ACCOUNTABILITY AND COLLECTIVE IMPACT The complexity of the effort requires clear roles, efficient support, and open communication. To give a sense of the complexity, we have: 2 co-leaders: Mayor Emanuel and President Preckwinkle 56 planning group members representing 36 different organizations 97 community leaders on 7 community leadership councils 11 actions for prevention, intervention, and response Annual spend of $4.4 billion. With so many resources already committed, we need to work with what we have. And we need a simple, well understood structure. To that end, the Mayor and County President have assembled a few groups to lead the effort to make our region safer. agencies -- many of whom serve on the planning committee -- will continue to advise on the plans implementation. They will ensure a broad range of voices continue to be at the table. Meeting a few times a year, the advisory committee will help identify new opportunities and ways to engage broader participation. Youth leadership council Convened by UCAN to advice the National Forum on Youth Violence Prevention, youth from across the region have begun identifying ways to enhance community safety and have begun expanding youth-led programs to engage their peers. Core team A small team in the Mayor's Office and Operating Committee The CEOs of the agencies responsible for the 11 model programs have begun meeting regularly to determine which opportunities to pursue, how to coordinate geographically and across agencies, and how to allocate resources. They will continue to meet every other month. Advisory Committee A diverse set of leaders from community, faith, nonprofit, foundation, academic, business, and City, County, and State 40 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

47 County President's Office, with pro bono support from businesses, have been coordinating the implementation of the plan. They hold weekly reviews of project status, submit regular reports to the Mayor, President, and Operating Committee, reach out to communities, provide support to community leadership councils, and lead support projects such as the data sharing and dashboard described below. Action project owners Each project has a lead agency which has assigned a single point of accountability for the project. This project owner drives inter-agency collaboration, decision making, funding support, and project momentum, with guidance from the Action Team. Project teams participate in project reviews with the Core Team at least monthly. Community leadership As outlined in a previous section, the councils forming several neighborhoods are critical for the sustainability of our efforts. Regional success requires government officials providing the tools and support for communities to succeed. Data sharing To target interventions as efficiently as possible, program directors and service providers need to be able to share data at an individual person. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) present challenges throughout the country to this type of data sharing. Within these constraints, jurisdictions such as Louisville, Milwaukee, and the Austin Independent School District have each found ways to share data to improve their programs. In Chicago, several community-based organizations have formed a committee called the "Peace Hub" to tackle such data sharing issues. From a government agency perspective, the Juvenile Detentions Alternative Initiative has launched a subcommittee to address data sharing. Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago has great experience locally with data sharing agreements for research purposes. Building on that base and borrowing from other jurisdictions, the Action Plan will develop a threepronged approach to data sharing. Universal sharing agreement A single document signed by each agency will be negotiated one time with input from all of the stakeholders. Once signed, the agreement will make data available across agencies within legal restrictions. This will save significant legal effort from now on. Universal release process To accommodate privacy restrictions required by Federal law, City and County agencies will create a universal release process for parents to determine efficiently what data they would like shared with which agencies for which purposes. This process will enable parents to connect their children to the most appropriate service at the right time. CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan 41

48 Proof-of-concept data repository Within the above legal framework, a centralized data sharing repository will support the free flow of operational and evaluation data among public agencies, community-based delegate agencies, and academic evaluation partners, within privacy and legal constraints. With pro bono support, the City and County developed a proof of concept and are determining resources needed to build out the data repository. resource needs across geography and program type. Additionally, it allows stakeholders to hold each other accountable for the results needed to make our region safer. Dashboard A public dashboard, available online, will report the effectiveness of the implementation. It will offer leading indicators of progress in prevention, intervention, and response, compiling data already available through the City- County-State open data portal in easier-to-understand formats, much like the dashboard in a car. The dashboard will enable the Mayor and County President to assess National Forum Chicago is one of six cities chosen for the annual National Forum on Youth Violence Prevention, established by the Federal Departments of Justice and Education at the direction of President Obama. Regular working sessions with peer cities and federal agencies share updates on progress. "Let's build a culture where youth feel loved, nurtured, removing their fears and restoring their hopes and dreams so they can believe in their dreams again." South Side community organizer 42 CARE for Chicago: City-County Action Plan

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