James Chadwick

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Transcript of James Chadwick

James Chadwick Ashley Weiand and Mercedes Diehl Born in Cheshire, England on October 20, 1891He died July 24, 1974He was the son of Joseph Chadwick and Anne Mary Knowles. He married Aileen Stewart-Brown, of Liverpool, in 1925. They had twin daughters.Other scientists he worked with were Professor Rutherford and C.D. Ellis. Background Education: Manchester High SchoolManchester University in 1908Graduated from Honours School of Physics in 1911Worked in Physical Laboratory under Rutherford, gaining his M.Sc degree in 1913Was awarded 1851 Exhibition Scholarship, then went to Berlin to work under Professor H. Geiger1919, went to England to accept the Wollaston Studentship at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, to resume work under Rutherford Historical Significance During his research with Rutherford, they studied atomic disintegration and they noticed that the atomic number was less than the atomic mass.They concluded that since electrons have no mass, something besides the protons were adding to the mass of the atom. Ultimately discovering the neutron.He repeated old experiments from Jean-Fredric and Irene Curie. Education Interesting Facts His hobbies were gardening and fishing.He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1935 for his discovery. He used the prize money to buy a cyclotron which could accelerate sub-atomic particles much faster than before, and he hoped it would reduce cancerous tumors.He was knighted by King George VI in 1945He received the Copley Medal (1950), the Franklin Medal of the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia (1951)He received honorary doctorate degrees from the Univeristies of Reading, Dublin, Leeds, Oxford, Birmingham, Montreal, Liverpool, and Edinburgh. Experiment When Beryllium is bombarded with alpha particles, it releases neutral particles (neutrons)The neutrons hit paraffin, which is a wax, and left a mark.Because the protons passed through into the Geiger counter, he concluded that the marks in the wax were from neutrons. Sources http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1935/chadwick-bio.html