Baker Nunn.orghttp://bakernunn.org
Tue, 27 May 2014 20:29:20 +0000en-UShourly1https://wordpress.org/?v=3.9.26A New Baker-Nunn Refurbishment!http://bakernunn.org/?p=163
http://bakernunn.org/?p=163#commentsFri, 27 Sep 2013 23:18:08 +0000http://bakernunn.org/?p=163read more]]>Myself and a number of colleagues have just launched a campaign to restore the Baker-Nunn camera situated at Arequipa, Peru. We’re running the campaign on Indiegogo for the next 50 days!

An overview of the PHASTT projects in video form can be viewed on YouTube at,

Stavanger, Norway – September 28, 2013 The PHASTT Network has announced plans to build the world’s first crowd-funded astronomical observatories in 2014. A team of experienced astronomers in Spain, Peru, Norway and Canada will develop and operate the observatories.

The PHASTT team (pronounced ‘fast’) is leveraging the Indiegogo crowd-funding platform to finance the project. Individuals and groups contributing to the project will have access to the PHASTT Network through an online virtual observatory. The first two instruments in the Network will be uniquely capable of discovering, measuring and tracking asteroids with a potential to impact Earth.

The PHASTT-1 instrument will employ a 50cm wide-field astroimaging telescope, large-format CCD camera and filters for analyzing light from asteroids. The instrument will be situated high in the Serra del Montsec near the Spanish Pyrennes, an advantageous location with superior observing conditions.

PHASTT-1 will be used to hunt and track nearby asteroids and assess their size and composition, allowing assessment and mitigation of potential impact risks to Earth. The same data will also be used to identify nearby asteroids with potential for space-based mining ventures.

PHASTT-1 will be capable of detecting up to 35,000 moving objects every night. In good conditions, objects 5 meters in size will be detectable more than a day before impacting Earth. Objects 50 meters in size will be detectable more than a week before impacting Earth, enabling evacuation of areas at risk.

The PHASTTER instrument will employ a refurbished 50 cm Baker-Nunn camera. Fifteen of these massive cameras were built for NASA and the US Air Force to track Earth-orbiting satellites during the Cold War. Most are now damaged, dismantled or on display in museums, but one of the best-preserved cameras remains at its original site near Arequipa, Peru.

The Baker-Nunn camera is one of the best solutions ever developed for wide-field imaging of the sky. Properly refurbished, the camera will be perfectly suited to discovering, analyzing and monitoring asteroids, comets, exoplanets and other transient objects.

The PHASTT team plans to refurbish and operate the Arequipa camera at its original site, where skies are clear and dry for typically 300+ nights every year. PHASTTER will be an ideal southern-hemisphere complement to PHASTT-1in Spain, and to the objectives of the PHASTT Network.

PHASTT Network Team

Mike Mazur is a Canadian geoscientist living and working in Norway, with extensive research experience relating to Near-Earth Objects (NEOs), bolides (exploding meteors), impact craters and location of meteorites. Over the past 15 years, Mike has played key roles in refurbishing two Baker-Nunn cameras in Canada and Spain. As project lead for the PHASTT Network, his goal is to ensure that the Network is designed to be fit-for-purpose, and developed and operated efficiently and cost-effectively.

Dr. Octavi Fors is a Spanish astronomer who will soon be joining the Qatar Energy and Environment Research Institute (Qatar Foundation). Over the past 8 years, Dr. Fors has worked at the University of Barcelona and Fabra Observatory refurbishing the TFRM Baker-Nunn camera and overseen its operation in the context of TFRM-PSES, a Super-Earths scientific survey being conducted with the camera. His professional interests include robotic astronomy, image processing, searching for exoplanets and high angular resolution measurement using lunar occultations.

Dr. Raul Yanyachi is head of the Electronic Engineering department at the Universidad Nacional de San Augustin in Peru. Dr. Yanyachi works closely with the Observatorio de la NASA laser tracking station at Arequipa, home to the PHASTTER Baker-Nunn camera. His professional interests include control systems and laser ranging of satellites.

Pere Gil is a Spanish astronomer working for the Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya at the Montsec Astronomical Observatory. Pere is a specialist in high-quality astronomical imaging.

James Van Leeuwen is a technology consultant and entrepreneur helping communities and enterprises to leverage digital tools and networks. An astrophysicist by education, James has extensive experience in astrononomical research and a keen interest in enabling citizen science in these fields. James lives in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains in southwest Alberta, Canada.

Technical and other information on the PHASTT Network and related projects is available at:

http://www.phastt.net

http://igg.me/at/phastt-1

http://igg.me/at/phastter

]]>http://bakernunn.org/?feed=rss2&p=163017 Cameras!http://bakernunn.org/?p=117
http://bakernunn.org/?p=117#commentsThu, 25 Jul 2013 23:28:15 +0000http://bakernunn.org/?p=117read more]]>First, there were 12 for the SAO. Then 3 for the USAF. I thought that was great because I knew of the wherabouts of 12 cameras. But, now, I’ve found out that an extra 2 were built for the USAF. This kind of makes sense as I was pretty certain that there were more than 3 BNCs out there with the USAF-style base. I’m not sure, however, if one of these extra cameras was the slitless spectrograph that Boller & Chivens mentions on their website. So, the search continues…
]]>http://bakernunn.org/?feed=rss2&p=1170Boller & Chivenshttp://bakernunn.org/?p=98
http://bakernunn.org/?p=98#commentsSun, 21 Jul 2013 12:10:48 +0000http://bakernunn.org/?p=98read more]]>This is just a very short entry to say that the company that built the cameras (Boller & Chivens) has an excellent website describing the Baker-Nunn cameras. They discuss not only the SAO and Air Force tracking cameras but also the ‘Missile Re-entry Camera’ that was produced. I had never heard of this one before but it’s pretty cool. Take a regular Baker-Nunn camera modify the mount somewhat, change the film transport mechanism, stick some fiber optic bundles at the focus, and add a set of prisms in front of the corrector to disperse the light. Pretty simple, really… ;-) The amazing thing is that, not only did it work, but it could pull the 4″ wide film through the camera at a rate of 5 frames per second!

]]>http://bakernunn.org/?feed=rss2&p=982Oslo Spacetrack Stationhttp://bakernunn.org/?p=88
http://bakernunn.org/?p=88#commentsSat, 20 Jul 2013 16:45:59 +0000http://bakernunn.org/?p=88read more]]>The bit that I know about the Oslo (actually at Harestua) Baker-Nunn comes from the document ‘Science in War and Peace’ (in Norwegian). It’s actually quite an interesting read and gives a very good history of the early days of the BN and how there came to be a camera at Harestua. Here are a few of the more relevant bits that I picked out from it…

At the end of July, 1959, a Baker-Nunn camera was delivered to the Oslo Solar Observatory at Harestua.

Construction on the ‘satellite house’, the building that would house the instrumentation and provide accommodation for the staff, was finished in February of 1960.

The camera was installed on its base and then underwent a one-month period of testing that finished at the end of April.

Routine observations began in August 1960, but, because of the bright summer nights, observations were really only possible between the months of August and May.

During the first two years of observations, nearly 300 nights were either lost to fog or cloud while 274 were observable.

The station continued in operation until 1968 when it was dismantled and sent to a military base in New Zealand.

I had thought that this was the camera that went to Mt. John so am still trying to find some clarity on this. Did it go to a military base as suggested or not?

]]>http://bakernunn.org/?feed=rss2&p=880The Natal (Brazil) BNChttp://bakernunn.org/?p=71
http://bakernunn.org/?p=71#commentsFri, 19 Jul 2013 16:28:42 +0000http://bakernunn.org/?p=71read more]]>The Brazilian camera, for me, has always been a bit of an enigma. I knew that one existed but wasn’t sure of it’s history nor what had happened to it. The rumour that I had heard was that it was last seen rotting away on a dock somewhere. Although it seemed shocking, it turned out that it wasn’t too far from the truth.

After returning from a collimation weekend on the Spanish TFRM, I found myself (as usual) digging around the web for new information on Baker-Nunn cameras. To my surprise, I found that there was a lot of good info out there that I had never seen before. I became excited by this and found myself googling into the wee hours of the morning. My daughter obviously noticed my excitement, which must have been contagious, because she came to me one morning with some images that I hadn’t seen before. The one that shocked me the most showed a very rusty Baker-Nunn camera. A few clicks and we found this site,

Although it starts off looking okay (the picture at the top is actually the Japanese BNC), scrolling down to the bottom of the page reveals a quite unserviceable example of a Baker-Nunn camera.

The serial number of 2474-9 confirms that this camera was originally stationed at Curacao before being moved to Natal in 1967. It operated for about 10 years before being taken out of service. In 2011, it was moved to the Center for Culture and Tourist Information where it is currently on display.

]]>http://bakernunn.org/?feed=rss2&p=710The Baker-Nunn Sitehttp://bakernunn.org/?p=1
http://bakernunn.org/?p=1#commentsThu, 18 Jul 2013 00:38:03 +0000http://bakernunn.org/?p=1read more]]>As the first post on this site, I should probably explain what this is about. Mainly, it’s intended to be source for all of the information that we’ve been able track (no pun intended) down relating to this incredible instrument. The Baker-Nunn cameras served a very important role in the early days of space surveillance and contributed greatly to our geodetic knowledge in the 60′s and 70′s. I could, of course, say more but it’s probably best that you just start browsing the site. Enjoy!
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