The following document is the journal of the voyages of my great grandfather, Anders Johansson Junnila, later known as Andrew Brown. I believe the original was written in Swedish or Finnish; I worked from a photocopy of a longhand translation. I don't know who translated it. Some of the place names and ship names are a bit obscure, and the handwriting is not always completely legible. In addition, I am not sure how well the translator understood nautical terminology. I would appreciate any insight any readers could share with me in correcting any inaccuracies.

Anders Johansson Junilla was born February 18, 1843, in Kälviä, near Kokkola, Finland. He was the son of Johan Abramsson, born November 7, 1783, and Brita Johansdotter, born May 10, 1805.

May 10, Sunday. Pilot came on board in Melbourne. raised anchor and sailled.

May 11, Steered S.E. with light breeze all sails drawing.

May 12,

Coursed around the lighthouse "Kandgraph" and observed latitude 39 46'

May 13,

Coursed under the above lighthouse with brisk wind. Made fast all topgallant and small saills. Took down topsails. Cloudy sky and variable wind.

May 14,

Steered course N.E. with brisk W.S.W. wind. Clear sky and rain. Took in [...] reefs in main and fore saillls. Made fast main & fore sails and brought down mizzenluf [?] sails, let out and made fast the reefs [?] from small sails.

Steered course N.E., E.1/2/E by S.E. brisk wind and rain. Leaden [?] thick sky. 12 o'clock at night, made fast topsail, hauled down stay sail. 2 o'clock a sudden storm arose with high waves. Hauled in jib sail which had broken/ Took in lower reef in all top sails and hauled in mizzen sails. Also shifted the other jib sails.

May 19,

Steered course E.N.E. with S.E. gently following wind with overcast sky and set out reefs of all 3 top sails, tightened top gallant sails. Shifted jib sails tightened all small saills.

July 27 Passed a pilot brig and a pilot came on board. also took steam tug.

July 27 Anchored in Calcutta Latt 22 W., long. 88 E.

October 5

At 12 there blew up the worst hurricane that had ever been seen in Calcutta. It shifted from N.E. to S.E. with terrible wind and rain. At two o'clock it began to break the ships from their moorings and before five about 190 ships were driven ashoore. some of which lay anchored in the stream and some tied to moorings most of which were broken in pieces and driven giive miles up the stream in barren sand. Among these 190 the greates number were steel ships and steam shipsl Over 200 europeans were killed of which some were killed by falling spars and masts and some were drowned and many hundred Indians besides.

Outside [?] the bar the ship Mauritius was lost with 1000 English soldiers of which only a few were saved. The mail boat from Cape Good Hope was lost with a crowd European women and other foreigners. The pilot brigs were lost with pilots and crew and a great many other boats which were outside the bar. Many house towers and trees were blown down on shore. The sixth day of the hurricane it was terrible which ever way one lookes one saw ships with sunken hulls and tops and were blown up all the day and broken to pieces. Some 10 or 20 were driven together on the sand banks and rocky cliffs of which one had broken the other. One could see nothing but broken ships which ran [?] away and beached. After a few days one could see the river full of floating dead mens bodies, white as well as black.

We were driven upon a Jassebared [?] Sand together with 10 large ships which had broken spars and masts and other [?] upon sailors of the ships. When masts and spars began to come down from the sky, some of the crew rand down into the forecastle and some on board other ships to save their lives. But I with some others happened to think that the ship might roll over in which case we would be totally lost if we were in the rooms. because the ship would fill with water. We knew that our ship was well built so that it should stand the strain as long as the other ships as it eventually did. So we kept to our own ships deck and ran between fore and aft to escape the falling masts and spars. When the storm was over our deck was full of broken masts and spars most of which had fallen from other ships.

October 7

the insurance agents came on board and ordered us to throw the sald overboard in order to try to get the ship free from the sand which happened to be successful.

October 25 The ship was sold for 22600 Rupees.

October 26 We left the ship and went ashore in Calcutta.

October 29 Received discharge.

October 30

We journeyed to 7 towns [?] where I saw the terrible rhinoceros which was something like a cowe [?] but larger. The most tereible animal which there is and which lives in the water as well as on land. I also saw the animal called the porcupine which is something like a rabbit but the back part was covered with long spines of brown and black striped color. I also saw the animal kangaroo something like a rat but as large as a cat and also which looked like a cat of gray color and about 4 ft high and 6 ft long. with long jointed tail. I also saw a beautiful deer much like our Lapland reindeer but darker brown in color.

I also a tame fish something like an eel about 2 ft with stubby head and tail which ate from our hands like a tame animal. Seven tanks [?] connected of seven stone set docks connected by sluices and canals 2 fathoms deep of clear water which flowed down from the upland to the sea. In there tame fish were found. There were beautiful trees and green lawns and rice fields every where. Small boys ran along side of the wagons and called hip-hip hooray and thought that they entertained the seamen which they actually did. and therefore they begged for money. If one refused them the money they showed their anger and said
If one the then threw money [?] in the water the small brownish black naked boys dived agter it like fish and tried to see which one could catch the money.

December 6 1864

Signed up with the frigate ship

Princess Royal

for £ 2 and 10 a Black Ball ship of James Brown Line with Captain Wadsen [?]

December 8 Went on board and began work Calcutta 1864 Anders Junnilla.

December 30 Hauled out from the moorings and took tug boat.

January 3,

1865 Left the tugboat outside the bar by the pilot ship and set sail. Steered course S.S.W with N.E. wind.

January 11 Sailed in sight of land Ceylon [Sri Lanka] steered course S.S.W. to W.

January 12 Coursed under sight of Point of [illegible] with N.W. wind

January 14

Sailed in sight of land. Steered course N.W. to N with N.E. wind following. Steered course N.W. to N. in sight of land on starboard. Every day we had land wind and every night we had sea wind.

January 25

Pilots came on board and we anchored in Bombay Road with two anchors Latt. 18 N. long. 73 50' E.

January 26 Contracted a fever and lay sick on board til the 9 th [illegible]

April 17

Went ashore up to the city of Bombay where I saw the Hindus burial place. The corpse in the burial ceremony was decorated with gilt [illegible] and flowere which was sunk in the water and taken out. After this is was laid upon a pile of wood on the fround agrer which the corpse was carried 4 1/2 times around the ceremonial place and afterh that set upon the wood pile. Over the corpse were laid about two feet of wood after which a torch was carried around the corpse 4 1/2 times after which it was laid under the head of the corpse. When it began to burn there was music of drums and fifes. When the corpse was burned the ashes were gathered and thrown in the water.

April 28 We took 6400 bales of cotton on boardl

April 29 Took pilots of board hauled up the anchor set sail and sailed course S.

Passed Holyhead took pilots on board anchored at 2 o'clock in Liverpool stream at 12 o'clock at night drew in at dock.

August 11 Left the ship and went to Liverpool Sailors house

August 17 Received discharge from the ship Princess Royal.

August 18

Signed up with the ship

Brenda

for 3 pounds 15 shillings a month.

August 21 Began working on board.

August 23 Sailed from Liverpool.

August 30 Passed Cape Clair, steered course W.N.W.

October [September?] 5 anchored in Boston Bay and hauled into Constitution Wharf.

October 24 Sailed from Boston.

October 30 Anchored in St. John's Bay New Brunswick and hauled into wharf.

November 24 Sailed from St. John's New Brunswick E.S.E.

November 27 Steered course E. to S.

December 25

Christmas day 4 o'clock in the afternoon Lat. 57 N. Longitude 10 W. with a strong wind storm the ship began to leak. Spars and deck cargo broke loose and drifted. The captain took the helm and all men began to heave the cargo overboard, and pump. The storm increased greatly at nine o'clock. A large wave swept over the captain, broke the tiller rope and hurt the captain.

December 25

The storm gave up, two men were badly hurt by planks and spars which worked their way over the deck.

December 31

Lat. 9 W, Longitude 60 30' N. At 7 o'clock set full top sail and large main sail and jub sails, with a west wind. At 8 o'clocka sudden storm came from N.W. At half past eight it broke the mizzen-top-mast overboard. the spring [?] the large and top gallant mast. The boat tilted after that and was badly swept over the sea. About twelve o'clock the storm gave up a little. All men began to clear away the broken sails and spars. The following night the boat lay and drifted under the masts.

January 1, 1866

Cleared the rigging, both mizzen top sail and jib sails. Steered course S.E. to S. for Larwick with west wind.

January 2,

At two o'clock got sight of the island told [?], but made a mistake and thought it was a ship. So at 8 o'clock found out our mistake, but were between a high cliffs and islands. There was no way to turn back and we were therefore forced to steer in between the islands and cliffs were toward the S.E. Anchors were made clear and life boats mead in readyness. At one o'clock we anchored in St. Magnus Bay in 40 fathoms water.

At two o'clock took pilots on board set top sails. At 5 o'clock anchored in Bostavo harbor. All men were saved and in good health.

January 6, 1866. Left the ship and tramped over mountains and through marshes.

January 7, Came to Larwick and were paid off.

January 16 Sailed from Larwick as passengers on a steam boat to Granton.

January 17 Anchored in Korkwall harbor, and sailed off again.

January 18,

Anchored in Granton and left the steam boat, travelled by rail to Lis and back again to Granton, and from there to Edinburgh, and from Edinburg to Liverpool by rail and left Liverpool the 19 th of January 1866.