Millennium
A millennium (plural millennia or millenniums) is a period equal to
1000 years,[1] also called kiloyears. It derives from the
LatinLatin mille,
thousand, and annus, year. It is often, but not always, related to a
particular dating system.
Sometimes, it is used specifically for periods of a thousand years
that begin at the starting point (initial reference point) of the
calendar in consideration (typically the year "1"), or in later years
that are whole number multiples of a thousand years after it
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Jamestown, Virginia
The Jamestown[1] settlement in the Colony of
VirginiaVirginia was the first
permanent English settlement in the Americas. It was located on the
east bank of the Powhatan (James) River about 2.5 mi (4 km)
southwest of the center of modern Williamsburg.
William Kelso writes
that Jamestown "is where the
British EmpireBritish Empire began".[2] It was
established by the
VirginiaVirginia Company of London as "James Fort" on May
4, 1607 (O.S.; May 14, 1607 N.S.),[3] and was considered permanent
after brief abandonment in 1610. It followed several failed attempts,
including the Lost Colony of Roanoke
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Galilean Moons
The
Galilean moonsGalilean moons are the four largest moons of Jupiter—Io, Europa,
Ganymede, and Callisto. They were first seen by
Galileo GalileiGalileo Galilei in
January 1610, and recognized by him as satellites of
JupiterJupiter in March
1610.[1] They are the first objects found to orbit another planet.
Their names derive from the lovers of Zeus. They are among the largest
objects in the
Solar SystemSolar System with the exception of the
SunSun and the
eight planets, with a radius larger than any of the dwarf planets.
Ganymede is the largest moon in the Solar System, and is even bigger
than the planet Mercury. The three inner moons—Io, Europa, and
Ganymede—are in a 4:2:1 orbital resonance with each other
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Jupiter
by volume:6999890000000000000♠89%±2.0%
hydrogen (H
2)6999100000000000000♠10%±2.0%
helium (He)6997300000000000000♠0.3%±0.1%
methane (CH
4)6996259999999999999♠0.026%±0.004%
ammonia (NH
3)6995280000000000000♠0.0028%±0.001%
hydrogen deuteride (HD)6994599999999999999♠0.0006%±0.0002%
ethane (C
2H
6)6994400000000000000♠0.0004%±0.0004%
water (H
2O)Ices:ammonia (NH
3)
water (H
2O)
ammonium hydrosulfide (NH
4SH)
JupiterJupiter is the fifth planet from the
SunSun and the largest in the Solar
System. It is a giant planet with a mass one-thousandth that of the
Sun, but two-and-a-half times that of all the other planets in the
Solar SystemSolar System combined.
JupiterJupiter and
SaturnSaturn are gas giants; the other
two giant planets,
UranusUranus and
NeptuneNeptune are ice giants
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Ganymede (moon)
Ganymede /ˈɡænɪmiːd/[11] (
JupiterJupiter III) is the largest and most
massive moon of
JupiterJupiter and in the Solar System. The ninth largest
object in the Solar System, it is the largest without a substantial
atmosphere. It has a diameter of 5,268 km (3,273 mi) and is
8% larger than the planet Mercury, although only 45% as massive.[12]
Possessing a metallic core, it has the lowest moment of inertia factor
of any solid body in the
Solar SystemSolar System and is the only moon known to
have a magnetic field
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Callisto (moon)
Callisto /kəˈlɪstoʊ/[9] (
JupiterJupiter IV) is the second-largest moon of
Jupiter, after Ganymede. It is the third-largest moon in the Solar
System after Ganymede and Saturn's largest moon Titan, and the largest
object in the
Solar SystemSolar System not to be properly differentiated. Callisto
was discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei
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Europa (moon)
Europa /jʊəˈroʊpə/ ( listen) yoor-OH-pə,[10] (Jupiter
II), is the smallest of the four
Galilean moonsGalilean moons orbiting Jupiter, and
the sixth-closest to the planet. It is also the sixth-largest moon in
the Solar System. Europa was discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei[1]
and was named after Europa, the legendary mother of King
MinosMinos of
CreteCrete and lover of
ZeusZeus (the Greek equivalent of the Roman god
Jupiter).
Slightly smaller than Earth's Moon, Europa is primarily made of
silicate rock and has a water-ice crust[11] and probably an
iron–nickel core. It has a tenuous atmosphere composed primarily of
oxygen. Its surface is striated by cracks and streaks, whereas craters
are relatively rare
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Io (moon)
Io (
JupiterJupiter I) is the innermost of the four
Galilean moonsGalilean moons of the
planet Jupiter. It is the fourth-largest moon, has the highest density
of all the moons, and has the least amount of water of any known
astronomical object in the Solar System. It was discovered in 1610 and
was named after the mythological character Io, a priestess of
HeraHera who
became one of Zeus' lovers.
With over 400 active volcanoes, Io is the most geologically active
object in the Solar System.[8][9] This extreme geologic activity is
the result of tidal heating from friction generated within Io's
interior as it is pulled between
JupiterJupiter and the other Galilean
satellites—Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. Several volcanoes produce
plumes of sulfur and sulfur dioxide that climb as high as 500 km
(300 mi) above the surface
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François Ravaillac
François Ravaillac (French pronunciation: ​[fʁɑ̃swa
ʁavajak]; 1578[1] – 27 May 1610) was a French factotum in the
courts of Angoulême and a committer of regicide. An occasional tutor
and Catholic zealot, he murdered King Henry IV of France in 1610.Contents1 Biography1.1 Early life and education
1.2 Regicide
1.3 Trial and execution2 See also
3 Notes
4 References
5 External linksBiography[edit]
Early life and education[edit]
Ravaillac was born at Angoulême of an educated family: his
grandfather François Ravaillac, was prosecutor of Angoulême, and two
of his uncles were canons of the Cathedral of Angoulême.[2] His
father Jean Ravaillac was a violent man whose many misdeeds were a
public scandal and caused legal difficulties; his mother Françoise
Dubreuil (sister of the canons) was known for her Catholic piety. The
son Ravaillac began work as a servant, later becoming a school
teacher
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Henry IV Of France
Henry IV (French: Henri IV, read as Henri-Quatre [ɑ̃ʁi katʁ]; 13
December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithet "Good
King Henry", was
King of NavarreKing of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 to 1610 and
King of FranceKing of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarch of France
from the House of Bourbon, another branch of the Capetian dynasty
(through Louis IX, as the previous
House of ValoisHouse of Valois had been through
Philip II). He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac, a
fanatical Catholic, and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII.[1]
Baptised as a
CatholicCatholic but raised in the Protestant faith by his
mother Jeanne d'Albret, Queen of Navarre, Henry inherited the throne
of Navarre in 1572 on the death of his mother. As a Huguenot, Henry
was involved in the French Wars of Religion, barely escaping
assassination in the St
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Thomas Gates (governor)
Sir Thomas Gates (fl. 1585–1622), was the governor of Jamestown, in
the English colony of
VirginiaVirginia (now the Commonwealth of Virginia, part
of the United States of America). His predecessor, George Percy,
through inept leadership, was responsible for the lives lost during
the period called the Starving Time. The English-born Gates arrived to
find a few surviving starving colonists commanded by Percy, and
assumed command
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Ralph Hamor
Captain Ralph Hamor was one of the original colonists to settle in
Virginia, and author of A True Discourse of the Present State of
Virginia, which he wrote when he returned to London in 1615. Spellings
of his first and last name vary and alternate spellings include
"Raphe", "Hamer", and "Haman".[1]Contents1 Family and education
2 Career
3 Indian attack of 1622
4 Later years
5 ReferencesFamily and education[edit]
Hamor was one of eight children born to Raphe Hamor and Mabell
Loveland Hamor and was baptized in the parish of Saint Nicholas Acons,
London on February 16, 1589
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