A simple test of pupil size may help predict retinopathy risk in young type 1 diabetics. According to research published in the journal Diabetes Care, smaller pupils can increase adolescent diabetics' retinopathy risk by up to 44%. Australian researchers made the conclusion based on a study of more than 330 adolescents who were followed over the course of 12 years. Small pupil size was identified as a risk factor for both retinopathy and microalbuminuria, a condition marked by albumin excretions in the urine. Researchers plan further studies to determine whether improving blood sugar control can lower retinopathy risk in type 1 diabetics.