Epistemology * Theory of knowledge; often provokes big questions on the meaning and justifications of conventional knowledge. * Ex; What is knowledge? Can we know anything for certain? What are the limitations of what we know? * Socrates began to question the usual perceptions of knowledge, advocating for a clearer picture than common sense allowed.

The Philosophy of Plato * You cannot claim to know something if you cannot claim to believe it as well. * Belief is not the only requirement for knowledge, truth is also required. * You need to be able to communicate what you know.

* Real life application: We often do not believe what people tell us if it is not communicated clearly, reflecting Plato’s theories on the importance of being able to convey knowledge to others. Justification is equally as important, which is why when parents say “Because I said so” it makes teenagers so frustrated.

Images
* Component of the visible world. * Real images are lasting, and can exist without non-sensible things, such as shadows or reflections. * Shadows and reflections exist as a state of mind, and are not things. * Deception occurs when we confuse an image with a thing. * Real life application: I have experienced Plato’s classic definition of deception when reading books with especially attractive protagonists. I confuse the image created in my mind with the true Peeta in the novel. He cannot exist without imagination, and so he is not a true image according to Plato. None the less, I find his fictional personal is substantial enough for a puppy love crush.

Sensible Objects
These are the things in the world that Plato finds more real than images. However, there non-permanence and dependency on things like the sun and other forms. * Desks, trees, dogs, cats.
* Can die, be burned, destroyed, etc.
* A state of belief...

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...Chapter 7 Notes
The Silk Road
● Origins and Operations
● The Silk Road was an overland route that linked China to the Mediterranean world via
Mesopotamia, Iran, and Central Asia
● There were two periods of heavy use of the Silk Road:
● (1) 150 B.C.E.–907 C.E.
● (2) The thirteenth through seventeenth centuries C.E.
● The origins of the Silk Road trade may be located in the occasional trading of Central
Asian nomads
● Regular, large­scale trade was fostered by the Chinese demand for western products
(particularly horses).
● Trade was also increased by the Parthian state in northeastern Iran and its control of the
markets in Mesopotamia.
● New Crops
● In addition to horses, China imported alfalfa, grapes, and a variety of other new crops as
well as medicinal products, metals, and precious stones
● China exported peaches and apricots, spices, and manufactured goods including silk,
pottery, and paper
●
Nomadism in Central and Inner Asia
● Sythians
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protection.
● Herodotus describes the Scythians who were superb riders, herdsmen, and hunters.
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● The Nomadic Lifestyle
●...

...﻿ChapterTwo
QUALITY AND GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS
TRUE OR FALSE: Place T or F in the space provided to the left of the statement.
_____1. U.S companies, mistakenly seeing quality as the issue, learned that quantity was the key to success in the global marketplace.
_____2. The need to improve an organization’s financial condition correlated directly with the process of making and measuring quality improvements.
_____3. A nation's ability to compete in the global marketplace has a direct bearing on the quality of life of its citizens.
_____4. The only way the U.S. can overcome business-related inhibitors is for the government to enact policies that will reduce non-value-added costs to a minimum.
_____5. In order to be an exporter, a manufacturer must be able to outperform foreign competitors in terms of both quality and productivity.
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the letter before the correct answer in each of the following questions.
1. Of the trends listed below, which one increases the level of globalization in business?
A. Growing irrelevance of distance.
B. Shifts in the interest rates.
C. Quality of the product.
D. Rise of small towns.
2. Which of the following statements are considered true concerning the affects of global integration?
A. It has helped fuel economic growth throughout the industrialized world.
B. It can be the Achilles heel of economic growth.
C. Downturns in one country can now have a ripple effect that quickly spreads to...

...share: are equal to the amount of net income distributed to shareholders divided by the number of shares outstanding.
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• Depreciation: is a non-cash expense that is recorded on the income statement.
• When you are making a financial decision, the most relevant tax rate is the ___ marginal__ rate.
• An increase in which one of the following will cause the operating cash flow to increase?
Depreciation
• A firm starts its year with a positive net working capital. During the year, the firm acquires more short-term debt than it does short-term assets. This means that:
the ending net working capital can be positive, negative, or equal to zero.
• The cash flow to creditors includes the cash: outflow when interest is paid on outstanding debt.
• Cash flow to stockholders must be positive when: the dividends paid exceed the net new equity raised.
• Which equality is the basis for the balance sheet?
Assets = Liabilities + Stockholder's Equity
• Assets are listed on the balance sheet in order of: decreasing liquidity....

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* No sharp line between manipulative and non-manipulative.
* Most common example of manipulative advertising is John Waide’s technique
* Associative advertising, which includes associating certain products with a nonmarket good. For example: using sex as a way to sell
* The linkage between product and nonmarket goods increases the product’s perceived value
* Michael Schudson describes this advertising as ‘ buy me and you will enjoy life.
The Effects of Manipulative Advertising: What the Critics Think
* John Kenneth Galbraith’s dependence effect
* The consumer does not create the want for a product; the company producing the product creates the wants that the company later satisfies.
* It’s impossible to defend production, as an entity that satisfies wants when they are the ones creating the want in the first place. The company did not in this case satisfy anything if they had not created the want in the beginning.
* Richard Lippke thinks that advertising success comes from depriving people from autonomy.
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* Implanting in people an intense desire for consumer goods
* Requiring that they do productive work to get the money to buy those goods.
* If this plays out well,...

...believed that Germans were racially superior and the Jews were inferior. This belief led to the Nazis killing a lot of Jews, disabled people, and homosexuals. In today’s society, I am not sure if ethnocentrism would go that far but it would still harm our society. It can cause more violence, discrimination, and coflicts acrtoss the world.
3. Define emigration and immigration.
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4. What are some of the ways groups of people are identified?
Groups of people are identified by dominant and subordinate groups to include their race, ethnicity, religion, and gender. The racial group refers to people who are socially set apart because of physical differences. The ethic group is set apart because of their national origin or distinctive cultural patterns. The religious group is set apart because they are associated with a religion other than the dominant faith. The gender group suggests that men are the social majority and women are the minority. Finally there are other subordinate groups that people are identified by such as age, disability status, physical appearance,...

...﻿Philosophy Class Session 2
08/29/11
Chapter 1 and We Think Catholic Prof article
page 1-39
page 7 Quotes
“The beginning of wisdom is to desire it” ~ Solomon Ibn Gabirol
“He who knows he is a fool is not a great fool” ~ Confucius
Wisdom vs Knowledge, the smartest guy in the room might not be the wisest, but the wisest man is often just ordinary in everything else.
Compare? Wisdom to knowledge as a librarian is to a library.
I. Pursuit of Wisdom
A. “Get in the game” - more to life than the big things
B. Ask Questions - Question life, what does it mean to be a human being
II. Philosophy begins with Wonder
A. In this, nothing is exempt
B. What are some of the questions to be asked?
III. Dynamic Process
A. Point & Counter-Point
IV. Ultimate Aim
A. “Freedom”
1. When you are willing to turn the spotlight in-ward and realize certain truths as true.
B. This is what makes us human
1. Sometimes bad people/animals don't have the moral ethics to understand right/wrong.
2. Human beings have the capacity to think and reason our lives.
V. Qualities of a Critical Thinker
A. Open-minded – open to other views, not immediately dismissive of other ideas
B. Knowledgeable – have concrete &credible sources! Know what you are talking about!
C. Mentally active -
D. Curious -
E. Independent Thinkers – Step out of the box, not a passive player
F. Skilled discussants -
G. Insightful -
H....

...• Question 1
1 out of 1 points
People and consumers play different ______ depending on the situation.
Selected Answer: Roles
• Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Hidden cameras in Publix can observe consumers without provoking ____
Selected Answer: The Hawthorne effect
• Question 3
1 out of 1 points
What is the relative customer profile variable: If the price was right, would you buy this car today?
Selected Answer: buyer readiness stage
• Question 4
1 out of 1 points
As a result of bounded rationality we exhibit _____
Selected Answer: Ethnocentrism
• Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Let 1=Think, 2=Do and 3=Feel. Which model presents the emotional consumer?
Selected Answer: 3 2 1
• Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Based on the emotional model of consumer behavior, most of our thought are to __________ our emotions.
Selected Answer: Rationalizations
• Question 7
1 out of 1 points
What is the relative customer profile variable: I am aware of the car SEAT.
Selected Answer: evoked set
• Question 8
1 out of 1 points
Let 1=Think, 2=Do and 3=Feel. Which model presents the rational consumer?
Selected Answer: 1 3 2
• Question 9
1 out of 1 points
What is the relative customer profile variable: It is difficult to own a car in Manhattan (no parking). There are more local stores. More competition and better prices exist in the suburbs.
Selected Answer:...