In the light of increased CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, which evokes global climate change, the importance of woody biomass for energy production is increasing. On the other hand, the role of forest ecosystems is ...

Windstorm, among the main natural disturbance agents in central and northern Europe, is found to have controversial effects on the direction of forest succession. Storm severity explains part of the contradiction, but the ...

Fire is the most prevalent form of stand-replacing natural disturbance in boreal forests. However, corresponding with increasing global resource demand, harvesting now affects millions of ha of boreal forest each year, yet ...