American Beauty/American Psycho (sometimes abbreviated as AB/AP)[5] is the sixth studio album by American rock band Fall Out Boy, released on January 16, 2015 through Island Records as the follow-up to the band's comeback album Save Rock and Roll (2013). The band wrote music while on tour with Paramore mid-2014 and it developed into a new album.

The album's release was preceded by the 4× Platinum top 10 lead single "Centuries", released September 9, 2014 while the album was still being completed, the album's title track was released as the second single in the UK on December 15, 2014, receiving a radio premiere a month before on November 24, 2014. American Beauty/American Psycho debuted at No. 1 on the US Billboard 200 album chart, with 218,000 album-equivalent units in its first week alone and becoming the band's third No. 1 album,[6] later being certified gold UK and Canada. On March 1, 2016, the album was certified platinum in the US for 1 million units.[7]

Fall Out Boy began writing for their sixth studio album in the summer of 2014 while still promoting their previous release Save Rock and Roll (2013) on the Monumentour concert tour with fellow American band Paramore. Recording began soon after, with the track "Centuries" being the first songs to be written and recorded. By late November, all the songs were written and the album was 80% complete but still needed finishing.[9] While making their previous album, the band was just beginning to realise that music recording methods have differed since their hiatus, but have fully embraced the changes for recording American Beauty/American Psycho.[9] Producer Jake Sinclair made the band realise that parts recorded as demos on laptops are able to make it to the final product.[9]

Since the release of "Centuries", the band stated that the album could be released as early as "early 2015".[10] Regarding its sound, bassist Pete Wentz described the new material as "David versus Goliath", as Wentz stated: "[Brian Hiatt] tweeted[,] “[The] problem with modern rock is it [isn't modern,]” something [I] and we had been feeling in general. [Rock] should not be relegated to a quaint little corner of Guitar Center for dads to find. [In] reaching out to SebastiAn we wanted to make something that was a throwback instead futuristic."[11] According to Patrick Stump, "All I can say is, some people will love it, some people will hate it. The four of us like it a lot, so we're happy".[12]

The album's sound has been described as pop,[13][14][15][16]pop punk,[17][18][19] and pop rock.[20] The band felt influences from playing with different artists and expanded on boundaries further than Save Rock and Roll did.[9] Stump's goal was to make a more stylistically cohesive album than Save Rock and Roll,[21] "where you pick any track and it sounds like it’s from the same album",[22] he wanted an album that "understood what it was the whole time".[23] Meanwhile, Wentz was focused on making rock music relevant to pop culture (and thus requiring radio play) that could also be played in big venues;[9] maintaining their legacy as a "big currently relevant rock band."[21] Wentz said, "Rock ’n’ roll is this progressive idea, [with] room to be dangerous and futuristic. To think it's this idea that has to be set in stone is just, like, making it not only not dangerous but this quaint little thing. It's not what it is to me. To fence yourself into this little area and chain yourself to the doghouse has never been what I thought rock music was."[9] Guitarist Joe Trohman said of the album, "Musically, it has hip hop grooves with guitars on it," with "more in your face guitar than Save Rock and Roll".[23] In an industry increasingly focused on singles, Stump still regards the music album as an important form of art—"I put a ton of thought into this new record, making sure it was an experience where the running order matters and the keys and tempo and everything, it all matters to me because records still matter to me."[23]

As the band's primary lyricist, Wentz felt that he had "more perspective" on his personal life to write more about it. "The idea behind some of the songs is addressing modern love or what's going on with my head and my life [more] than Save Rock and Roll did. I think Save Rock and Roll was a little more broader when it came to that."[31] "Centuries" was written with the aim to inspire.[2] Some topical issues including the 2014 Ferguson unrest are addressed.[9] Wentz stated, "as an artist that has a platform, there’s certain things that if you believe, you should say."[22] However, he restated that Fall Out Boy is not a political band.[9]

The "American Beauty" half of the album's title comes from the album by the Grateful Dead and the 1999 film, the "American Psycho" half references the book by Bret Easton Ellis and the subsequent 2000 film.[21] The album artwork features a teenage boy (Jake Karlen) with stars and stripes painted on half of his face, standing in front of a white apartment. Karlen auditioned to model for the cover; the photoshoot took place in Los Angeles. Karlen said, " They wanted to see something very dark and angry, very angry. I think I pulled it off. I think I did pretty good."[32]

The band played several shows in support of the record, such as at the Soundwave in Australia and a headlining performance in a stadium at RodeoHouston. Moreover, the band planned a world tour, consisting of more than 50 dates across North America and Europe, the American leg will be co-headlining with American rapper Wiz Khalifa under the name The Boys of Zummer. The second American leg of the tour was announced October 2015, for Wintour, it began February 25th 2016, in Puerto Rico and ended on March 27 in San Francisco, California. Wintour was co-headlined with PVRIS and AWOLNATION, with a few other special guests during different dates.

The American Beauty / American Psycho touring cycle ended August 28, 2016 at the Reading and Leeds Festival, the show had a special clip of an upcoming short film called 'Bloom'. The show was performed with pyromaniacs and acrobatics.

The title track premiered on BBC Radio 1 on November 24, 2014 and released a month later on December 15, 2014 as the album's second UK single.[48] Its music video also premiered the same day.[49][50] "Uma Thurman" was released to United States modern rock radio as the album's third single week ending February 10, 2015.[3] On January 12, it was released for digital download as the third promotional song and overall the fifth preceding American Beauty/American Psycho, and reached the top position on iTunes.[51][52][53] "Irresistible" was released as the third UK single, and its music video was released on February 19, 2015.[54]

"Immortals" was released on October 14, 2014 and is featured in the 2014 Walt Disney Animation Studios film Big Hero 6. Disney asked the band to write and perform the song for the film's sequence in which the Big Hero 6 team is transformed from a group of super smart individuals to a band of high-tech heroes. An alternative version is featured on the album.

As part of a pre-order deal on iTunes, the song "The Kids Aren't Alright" was additionally released as a promotional single on December 15, 2014,[55] the full album track listing and artwork was also revealed with the preorder.[56] Two additional digital songs were announced for January 5 and January 12 respectively,[57] the first, "Irresistible", immediately debuted at No. 1 on iTunes.[29][58] It has been described as a "booming, brass-backed anthem."[59]

On January 13, 2015, all the unreleased songs from the album were streamed onto the band's Vevo channel.[60]

American Beauty/American Psycho debuted at No. 1 on the US Billboard 200 with 192,000 first week sales and 218,000 equivalent album units.[6] It became Fall Out Boy's third No. 1 album and second highest sales week behind Infinity on High's 260,000 debut.[6] 204,000 individual song sales and almost 9 million streams made up AB/AP's 26,000 non-album equivalent units.[61][62] A week before the album's release, forecasters predicted that it would sell 150,000 copies in its opening week, before being upgraded to 175,000-200,000 days later due to estimates that the album would strongly reach 100,000 digital preorders at the time of release,[63][64] after 1.5 days of sales, Billboard predicted that first week album sales could reach 190,000, with over 220,000 in equivalent album units.[65] In its second week, it fell to No. 6 with 55,000 equivalent album units, a 75% decline.[66] It dropped to No. 13 in its third week and has spent twenty-four weeks in the top 20.[67] The album was certified Gold by the RIAA on September 18, 2015, and Platinum on February 24, 2016,[68] as of October 2015, the album has sold 572,000 copies in the US.[69]

In Canada, American Beauty/American Psycho also debuted at No. 1 with 14,000 first week sales, becoming the band's second Canadian No. 1 and fourth Canadian top 10.[70][71] On March 24, 2015, it was certified Gold in Canada for 40,000 shipments, the album debuted at No. 4 on the Official New Zealand Music Chart. In Australia, it debuted at No. 3 behind Mark Ronson, whose Uptown Special debuted at No. 2, while Taylor Swift's 1989 reigned at No. 1. The record became the band's fourth consecutive top 10 in Australia. American Beauty/American Psycho was also in a close sales race to the top position against Mark Ronson on the UK Albums Chart and led by 1500 copies mid-week,[72] but fell short by the end of the tracking week to debut at No. 2 with 31,497 first week sales (1883 units behind No. 1).[73][74] However, it made No. 1 on the UK Albums Download Chart.[75] On June 8, 2015, it was certified Gold by the British Phonographic Industry for 100,000 copies shipped, the album saw a No. 6 debut in Ireland.

American Beauty/American Psycho received mostly positive reviews upon its release. The aggregate review site Metacritic gave the album a 72 out of 100 based on 15 reviews.[76] Kyle Anderson of Entertainment Weekly gave it an A, commending the band for being able to make "big-venue sing-alongs that also reward deep headphone analysis." He appreciated the tracks "Favorite Record" and "Fourth of July," stating that they are "thrillingly layered."[80] Evan Lucy of Alternative Press gave the album 4 stars out of 5, mentioning the heavy sampling in some of the album's songs: "The more interesting aspect of American Beauty/American Psycho is the band’s newfound emphasis on samples," calling the band as a whole "newly reinvented." He went on to praise Stump's vocals, Wentz's lyrics, and stated that "Fall Out Boy are currently producing some of the most interesting music of their career."[78] Caroline Sullivan of The Guardian gave an equally positive review, awarding the album 4 stars out of 5, she praised the band's "nervy ambition" on the album and called it "one of their better releases."[17]

Annie Zaleski of The A.V. Club also gave the album a positive review. She wrote that "American Beauty/American Psycho’s playful musical vibe masks lyrics plagued by flashbulb memories of failed relationships and ill-fated romantic dalliances. Thankfully, there’s no self-pity in sight on these songs, only heightened self-awareness."[79]The Los Angeles Times was also highly positive while commenting negatively on the second half of the album. "The result, at least for the first half, is almost comically exciting, one fist-pump adrenaline rush after another...Alas, Stump and his bandmates run out of steam by the end of American Beauty/American Psycho."[81]AllMusic was also fairly positive. "Fall Out Boy have taken great efforts to incorporate whatever was happening on the charts, an inclination that isn't quite as necessary in the great digital disassociation of the 2010s, yet this inclination does give American Beauty/American Psycho a bit of a kinetic kick."[77] "Uma Thurman" has often been identified as the centrepiece of the album.[86]

On the other hand, Collin Brennan of Consequence of Sound gave a more mixed review, he felt that the album lacked direction, stating that "Fall Out Boy loses its way more often than not in its latest stab at rock radio dominance." He furthermore opined that the songwriting was lacking as a result of the album's heavy use of samples.[87] Caryn Ganz of Rolling Stone also gave a mixed review. " Joe Trohman and drummer Andy Hurley's most virtuosic playing is buried under blaring production, reducing what might be Metallica-heavy riffage into background buzz." However, the reviewer had some positive comments as well: "When everything connects – like on the single "Centuries" – FOB are a glorious nexus of Seventies glitter rock, Eighties radio pop, Nineties R&B and Aughts electro stomp."[83] The album was ranked at number 5 in Alternative Press's "10 Essential Records of 2015" list.[88] Cassie Whitt of Alternative Press wrote that the band pushed their fan base with "rock songs structured like hip-hop tracks",[88] the album was ranked at number 26 on AbsolutePunk's top albums of 2015 list.[89]

1.
Album
–
Album, is a collection of audio recordings issued as a single item on CD, record, audio tape, or another medium. Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl, an album may be recorded in a recording studio, in a concert venue, at home, in the field, or a mix of places. Recording may take a few hours to years to complete, usually in several takes with different parts recorded separately. Recordings that are done in one take without overdubbing are termed live, the majority of studio recordings contain an abundance of editing, sound effects, voice adjustments, etc. With modern recording technology, musicians can be recorded in separate rooms or at times while listening to the other parts using headphones. Album covers and liner notes are used, and sometimes additional information is provided, such as analysis of the recording, historically, the term album was applied to a collection of various items housed in a book format. In musical usage the word was used for collections of pieces of printed music from the early nineteenth century. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, the LP record, or 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove vinyl record, is a gramophone record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. It was adopted by the industry as a standard format for the album. Apart from relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound capability, the term album had been carried forward from the early nineteenth century when it had been used for collections of short pieces of music. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, as part of a trend of shifting sales in the music industry, some commenters have declared that the early 21st century experienced the death of the album. Sometimes shorter albums are referred to as mini-albums or EPs, Albums such as Tubular Bells, Amarok, Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield, and Yess Close to the Edge, include fewer than four tracks. There are no rules against artists such as Pinhead Gunpowder referring to their own releases under thirty minutes as albums. These are known as box sets, material is stored on an album in sections termed tracks, normally 11 or 12 tracks. A music track is a song or instrumental recording. The term is associated with popular music where separate tracks are known as album tracks. When vinyl records were the medium for audio recordings a track could be identified visually from the grooves

2.
Fall Out Boy
–
Fall Out Boy is an American rock band formed in Wilmette, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago, in 2001. The band consists of lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Patrick Stump, bassist Pete Wentz, lead guitarist Joe Trohman, the band originated from Chicagos hardcore punk scene, with which all members were involved at one point. The group was formed by Wentz and Trohman as a pop side project of the members respective hardcore bands. The group went through a succession of drummers before landing Hurley and recording the debut album. The album became a success and helped the band gain a dedicated fanbase through heavy touring. Take This to Your Grave has commonly cited as an influential blueprint for pop punk music in the 2000s. Fall Out Boy received a Best New Artist nomination at the 2006 Grammy Awards, the bands 2007 follow-up, Infinity on High, landed at number one on the Billboard 200 with 260,000 first week sales. It produced two hit singles, This Aint a Scene, Its an Arms Race and Thnks fr th Mmrs. Folie à Deux, the fourth album, created a mixed response from fans. Following the release of Believers Never Die – Greatest Hits, the took a hiatus from 2009 to 2012 to decompress. The band regrouped and recorded Save Rock and Roll, which gave the band its second number one. 1, making it the bands third No.1 album, Fall Out Boy was formed in 2001 in the Chicago suburb of Wilmette, Illinois by friends Pete Wentz and Joe Trohman. Wentz was growing dissatisfied with the mores of the community. With enthusiasm in Arma Angelus waning, he created a pop side project with Trohman as an easy. Trohman met Patrick Stump, then a drummer for grindcore band Xgrinding processX, while discussing Neurosis with a friend, Stump interrupted the conversation to correct their classification of the band in a conversation that soon shifted to the new band. Stump, viewing it as an opportunity to try out with local hardcore celebrity Wentz, directed Trohman to his MP3. com page, which contained sung-through acoustic recordings. Stump intended to try out as a drummer, but Trohman urged him to bring out his acoustic guitar, while Wentz wanted Racetraitor bandmate Andy Hurley in the group as drummer, Hurley appeared uninterested and too busy. The bands first public performance came in a cafeteria at DePaul University alongside Stilwell, Wentz and Stump argued over band names, the former favored verbose, tongue-in-cheek names while the latter desired to reference Tom Waits in name

3.
Pop music
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Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions

4.
Pop punk
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Pop punk is a punk rock music genre and a fusion genre that combines elements of punk rock with elements of pop music. Pop punk typically combines fast punk rock tempos, power chord changes and loud, distorted guitars with pop-influenced melodies. Pop-influenced punk rock emerged in the mid-1970s with a style that was stylistically similar to power pop. By the mid-1980s, several bands merged hardcore punk with pop music to create a new, faster pop punk sound such as Dag Nasty, Pop punk in the United States began to grow in popularity locally in California in the mid-to-late 1980s. Pop punk particularly thrived in California, where independent record labels adopted a do it approach to releasing music. By the mid-1990s, a few pop punk bands had started to sell millions of records and receive radio and television airplay. By 1994, pop punk was quickly growing in mainstream popularity, the late 1990s, exemplified by the 1999 release of Blink-182s Enema of the State, represented the genres mainstream peak, although some pop punk bands scored successful album chartings in the 2000s. In the mid-2000s, emo pop, a genre combining emo and pop punk. By the end of the 2000s, the pop sound of the 1990s had largely waned in mainstream popularity. Pop punk typically merges upbeat pop melodies with catchy hooks, catchy choruses, harmonies, speedy tempos, punk rock power chord changes and loud, distorted electric guitars. About. com has described second-wave pop punk bands as having a radio friendly sheen to their music, club, pop punk often pits sweet harmonies against bratty, rowdy riffs. Lyrical topics that are common in pop punk include love, lust, drunkenness, adolescence, cartoonish violence, some pop punk lyrics focus on jokes and humor. Some pop punk music features elements of rock, power pop. According to Ryan Cooper of About. com, pop punk is a style that more to the Beatles. It is not clear when the pop punk was first used. Protopunk and power pop bands of the late 1960s and early 1970s helped lay the groundwork for the pop punk sound, the Beatles, the Kinks and the Beach Boys all paved the way for pop punk. With their love of the Beach Boys and late 1960s bubblegum pop, the Ramones loud and fast melodic minimalism differentiated them from other bands in New York Citys budding art rock scene, but pop punk was not considered a separate subgenre until later. An early use of the pop punk appeared in a 1977 New York Times article, Cabaret

5.
Island Records
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Island Records is a major record label that operates as a division of UMG Recordings, Inc. It was founded by Chris Blackwell, Graeme Goodall and Leslie Kong in Jamaica in 1959, Blackwell sold the label to PolyGram in 1989. Three Island labels exist in the world, Island UK, Island US, and Island Australia, current key people of Island Records include Island president Darcus Beese, OBE and MD Jon Turner. Partially due to the labels significant legacy, Island remains one of UMGs pre-eminent record labels, Island Records was founded in Jamaica on 4 July 1959 by Chris Blackwell, Graeme Goodall and Leslie Kong, and partially financed by Stanley Borden from RKO. Its name was inspired by the Harry Belafonte song Island in the Sun. Blackwell explained in 2009, “I loved music so much, I just wanted to get into it, or be as close to it as I could. ”Tom Hayes, the labels sales manager between 1965 and 1967, referred to the early period of the label in the UK as “organized chaos”. “My Boy Lollipop”, sung by Millie Small, was the labels first success in the UK, Blackwell explained in a 50-year-anniversary documentary that he was only interested in building long-term careers at that stage in time, rather than short-term projects. Suzette Newman has been a colleague of Chris Blackwells since working together in the early days of Island Records. Suzette Newman and Chris Salewicz were the editors for the book “The Story of Island Records, Blackwell relocated to England in May 1962 to garner greater levels of attention after the local Jamaican sound systems proved to be overwhelmingly successful. The vast majority of the artists who had signed to Blackwells fledgling label while he was in Jamaica agreed to allow the entrepreneur to release their music in the UK. While in England, Blackwell travelled throughout the city carrying his stock with him and he did not provide any copies to radio stations, as they would not play any of the Island music, the music was also not reviewed by the press. Meanwhile, Goodall left to start the Doctor Bird record label in 1965, Blackwell signed the Spencer Davis Group to the label. The group became popular and Island started their own independent series to spotlight UK rock talent. They signed artists like John Martyn, Fairport Convention, Free, by the late 1960s and early 1970s, they were a major label in England with artists like Roxy Music, King Crimson, Traffic, The Wailers, and many others. Blackwell had signed Bob Marley, and now Toots and the Maytals, in November 2016, Jackie Jackson described the formation of the group in a radio interview for Kool 97 FM Jamaica. Accompanied by Paul Douglas and Radcliffe Dougie Bryan in studio, Jackson explained, Were all original members of Toots, first it was Toots and the Maytals, three guys, Toots, Raleigh, and Jerry. …And then they were signed to Island Records, Chris Blackwell, and we were their recording band. One day we were summoned to Chris house, and he says, Alright gentleman, I think its time

6.
DCD2 Records
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DCD2 Records, formerly known as Decaydance Records, is an independent record label owned by Pete Wentz of Fall Out Boy and partners, based in New York City. It was founded as an imprint of Fueled By Ramen, the first band Wentz signed to the label was Panic. at the Disco. In 2014, the label relaunched as DCD2 Records, keeping the acts that were signed to Decaydance before the relaunch. New Politics and Lolo were the first acts signed under the new name, charley Marley Fall Out Boy Gym Class Heroes MAX New Politics Panic. at the Disco Travie McCoy The Academy Is

7.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu

8.
Butch Walker
–
Bradley Glenn Butch Walker is an American recording artist, songwriter, and record producer. He was the lead guitarist for the metal band SouthGang from the late 1980s to early 1990s as well as the lead vocalist and guitarist for rock band Marvelous 3 from 1997 until 2001. Walker grew up in Cartersville, Georgia, working as a guitarist and performer in rock bands in the 1980s, including Badd Boyz. In 1988, he took Byte the Bullet to Los Angeles, the band then changed their name to SouthGang and released two albums, Tainted Angel in 1991 and Group Therapy in 1992. SouthGang was one of the first bands to tour China in the early 1990s, Southgang eventually disbanded after Virgin modified their contract and tried to send them in the wrong direction. Walker and the rest of the SouthGang members continue to remain on good terms, after Southgang, Walker formed a new band with ex-SouthGang members Jayce Fincher and Mitch McLee, calling themselves Floyds Funk Revival after Walkers birthplace Floyd County, Georgia. Walker shared lead vocals in the band with Finchers wife, Chrystina Lloree and they released one full-length album, Creamy. The album contained thirteen tracks with Lloree taking a large share of the lead vocals. The band then shortened their name to The Floyds and they released one self-titled album on the Deep South label, which contained ten original tracks along with a humorous intro piece. Bonus tracks included a cover of Duran Durans Rio, and a rendition of the Shasta soda jingle from the late seventies. The style of both albums was guitar-oriented, mainstream rock with mild funk influences, and was a forerunner to the more basic guitar-oriented rock approach Walker took later with Marvelous 3. Although the albums are regarded among the people who discovered them, they failed to sell many copies. They are highly coveted by fans of Butch Walker, and the few copies that surface in the used CD market today command high prices. In 1997, Walker, Fincher, and McLee transformed themselves again and they also decided to streamline their sound to more of a power pop type of band. Calling themselves Marvelous 3, they released the album Math and Other Problems on Deep South Records in 1997 and they followed this in 1999 with Hey. Album on Elektra Records and had a hit with the song Freak of the Week. The next year, they released their album, ReadySexGo. That album failed to continue the momentum created by the release, however

9.
J.R. Rotem
–
Jonathan Reuven Rotem better known by his stage name J. R. Rotem, is an Israeli American record producer, songwriter and music publisher. Rotem, who is Jewish, was born in South Africa to Israeli immigrant parents in 1975 and he moved to Toronto at the age of two and finally to Moraga, California at the age of twelve. Rotems entry point into music was in receiving classical piano instruction at a young age, when he attended Berklee College of Music in Boston it was initially with the intention of studying film scoring, but he ended up majoring in jazz composition. Nevertheless, further success was not forthcoming and for years Rotem struggled to make headway in the industry. Rotem says, One of my biggest goals for years was meeting a manager with a good reputation and with connections to get my music to people. When asked in an interview with HitQuarters what made Katz decide to take the producer on, he said, This was a time where most of the people were beat makers, JR on the other hand, had a vast musical background. So musically there were no limitations as far as what he could bring, number two J. R he was very, very focused. And number three he was humble, if I gave him any suggestions about his tracks he would literally sit there and take notes. Then he would back the next day with the changes I had suggested. Rotems next major cut was 50 Cents Position of Power in 2005, in 2006, together with Katz and his brother Tommy, Rotem started his own record label, Beluga Heights, inking a joint venture partnership with Epic. Sean Kingston, a young Miami-based artist, was the labels first signing, kingstons self-titled debut album went on to sell over 2 million albums and 10 million singles worldwide. Rotem also started a company under the Beluga Heights umbrella. Under a newly formed joint venture with Warner Bros, records, the label signed pop sensation Jason Derülo, whose debut album went on to sell 14 million singles and over 1 million albums worldwide. In 2009, Rotem was honored as BMI Producer of the Year, in 2011 he was again honored by BMI as Songwriter of the Year alongside Lady Gaga and Derülo. His trademark is a horn that follows with a stylised J-J-J-J-J-R and/or Beluga Heights at the start or end of records with which he has been affiliated, J. R. Rotem is managed by Pulse Management, a division of Pulse Recording. In 2015, Rotem worked alongside Neyo and Timbaland on the music for Season 2 of Foxs Empire, on October 17,2015, Gwen Stefani premiered Used to Love You, co-written and produced by Rotem at the Hammerstein Ballroom in New York City which was Gwens first single. Rotem has ten songs on Stefanis album, This Is What the Truth Feels Like which was released on March 18,2016, the DJBooth, Jonathan JR Rotem Interview SOHH June 2007 Feature Interview, HitQuarters Apr 2010

10.
Sebastian (French musician)
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Sebastian Akchoté-Bozovic, better known as just Sebastian, is a French musician and DJ affiliated with Ed Banger Records. He has worked as an electronic musician and as a remixer for bands and singers such as Charlotte Gainsbourg, Daft Punk, Beastie Boys, Bloc Party. He has also produced songs for Frank Ocean, Katerine, Kavinsky, Noël Akchoté, Uffie, and Woodkid, many of his tracks have been used on television and in video games. Akchoté is of Serbian-French heritage, he was born in Paris and raised in Paris and he is the younger brother of popular independent guitarist Noël Akchoté. His early musical history included both jazz and experimental influences from his brother as well as hip hop influences from artists like DJ Premier. He first started producing music around the age of fifteen, while working with a hip-hop band in 2005, Sebastian was given the phone number for Ed Banger Records by one of the bands members, who had found it in a newspaper. After a cold call to label owner Pedro Winter, Sebastian was signed,2005 also saw his remixes for Annie, Benjamin Theves, and Daft Punk, whose Human After All remix by Sebastian is said to be the duos all-time favourite remix of their own work. In the summer of 2006, Ed Banger Records released the EP Ross Ross Ross and that year also saw more remixes by Sebastian than any other. In 2007, Sebastian composed the soundtrack for label-mate Mr. Oizos feature film Steak alongside Sebastien Tellier, also that year, as well producing numerous remixes and releasing his Walkman 2 EP, Sebastian joined Kavinsky to open with DJ sets for Daft Punk on their Alive 2007 tour. An original song called Greel was also released in 2007 on Ed Rec Vol.2, there were two Sebastian releases in 2008, Motor, an EP with three original tracks, and Remixes, a 17-track compilation featuring various remixes produced by Sebastian. His track Dog was also included on that years Ed Rec Vol.3, in 2009, Sebastian played his first live set as an exclusive performance at the Sónar Festival in Barcelona. Sebastian produced the single Difficult for label-mate Uffie in 2010 on her debut album Sex Dreams and Denim Jeans and provided a remix and he also had his experimental track Threnody released that year on an Ed Banger Records Christmas compilation. In early 2011, Sebastian provided the track Enio for the Ed Banger compilation album Let the Children Techno, later, his debut album Total was announced, followed by the release of a video for the title track featuring a series of violent and sexual images. A video for Sebastians new song Embody was also released, along with the release as a single. The album Total itself was released on May 30 in Europe. It was followed by releases of singles C. T. F. O.2011 was also the year of Sebastians Primary Tour, a tour visually themed as a political campaign and spanning Europe, Australasia, and North America from August to December. Three remixes done by him were released that year, including his remix for the Beastie Boys. 2012 saw Sebastians remixes for bands Nero, The Shoes, Van She and that year also saw the release of The EP Collection, a box set of vinyl Total singles along with tracks Organia and previously unreleased Holloback

11.
PAX AM Days
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PAX AM Days is an EP by American rock band Fall Out Boy, released on October 15,2013 by Island Records and PAX AM. It consists of 1980s and 90s Hardcore punk and punk influenced tracks recorded during a two-day marathon session with producer Ryan Adams. The EP was released on CD, digitally and on double 7 vinyl as a stand-alone EP, the double 7 vinyl pressing was limited to 3,000, and released on November 29 as part of Record Store Day - Back to Black Friday. Each copy came with a code for a bonus song download, the code was found stamped into the dead wax of the 7. On September 30, Fall Out Boy announced the EP and its date, as well as premiered the first digital single Love, Sex. Adams reached out to the group at the request of Fall Out Boys friend, the band called it a collection of songs we did for fun. us letting out some demons rather than a new album. On October 7, the entire EP was released for streaming online. The EP debuted at No.25 on the US Billboard 200 with 11,000 first week sales. After returning from a hiatus in early 2013, Fall Out Boy released their fifth studio album Save Rock and Roll in April that year to commercial success. The album featured an emphasis on pop music than the bands previous releases. They supported the record by promoting it with a worldwide Monumentour, in July, Fall Out Boy visited Adams Los Angeles studio to play punk rock, the existence and release of the EP was confirmed less than half a year after Save Rock and Rolls release. Wentz first revealed the project via an Instagram picture taken inside Adams studio. PAX AM Days was recorded two days in July 2013 at PAX AM Studios in Los Angeles. The band collaborated with Adams for the raucous and raw session, the band came in with four or five ideas, and ended up tracking eight or nine songs. The room was set up the way the band practiced in guitarist Joe Trohmans parents attic during their early days and we would rehearse a song and then be like Alright, lets take it. And hes like Were good, we got that one, trohman was similarly surprised by the impromptu tracking, Wow, how did I just record, like, ten songs. And thats sort of ended up happening, everything was off the cuff. It was punk rock – the stuff that makes you want to kick the shit out of your bedroom at your parents house, drummer Andy Hurley recorded the drums to Love, Sex, Death in one take

12.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s

13.
Centuries (song)
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Centuries is a song by American rock band Fall Out Boy, released September 9,2014 as the lead single from their sixth studio album, American Beauty/American Psycho. It was co-written by Fall Out Boy, with two producers, a gladiator-themed music video was created. The single reached No.10 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and was certified 4x Platinum by the RIAA and it reached first position on the UK Rock and Metal Chart. This is also the fourth top ten hit and first in eight years since This Aint a Scene. In 2015, Centuries was nominated for the Kerrang, Fall Out Boy has played the song numerous times on televised performances and was used as ESPNs official theme song for sports coverage. A remixed version of the song features vocals by Juicy J appeared on the remixed album Make America Psycho Again. Centuries was written by Pete Wentz, Patrick Stump, Joe Trohman, Andy Hurley, J. R. Rotem, Justin Tranter, Raja Kumari and Michael Fonseca in mid-2014 and was produced by Omega and Rotem. Stump originally came forward with the song while Fall Out Boy were on the Monumentour tour with fellow American band Paramore. Wentz described the idea of the song as a David vs. Goliath story, Centuries contains a sample of the song Toms Diner by Suzanne Vega re-recorded by American singer Lolo for the track. Stump described the sample as a tip of the hat to Toms Diner, days after the ending of co-headlining the Monumentour tour with Paramore, on September 4,2014, Fall Out Boy released a teaser video depicting the title of the song in Morse code. Centuries received its premiere on BBC Radio 1 on September 8,2014 before being released worldwide the next day. The song is featured as the track of Now. Centuries has received reviews from music critics. Vidette provided a review, stating Centuries displays a definite pop vibe. Fall Out Boy seems to have produced this song with greater musing in mind than their concept album, however, the reviewer criticized Stumps vocals as raw and overdone, causing the track to lose its charm. The official music video, which features the members in a gladiator-style battle. The giant is portrayed by Canadian actor Jon Ambrose, and the bands gladiator doubles were Simu Liu, Ben Devries, Sebastian Deery, Centuries was shot on-site at Fort Henry National Historic Site in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Prior to the release of an music video, Fall Out Boy released a video for Centuries filmed in Chicago featuring the use of the mobile app Hyperlapse on September 8,2014

14.
American Beauty/American Psycho (song)
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American Beauty/American Psycho is a song by American rock band Fall Out Boy. It was released on December 15,2014, as the second UK radio single from their studio album. An accompanying music video was released and it was no.15 on the Billboard Hot Rock Songs chart. A remix of the song features vocals by ASAP Ferg which was included in the remixed album Make America Psycho Again, American Beauty/American Psycho was written by Fall Out Boy and produced by SebastiAn. Bassist Pete Wentz commented, Its a little bit wrong but its the thing for us to do. Once we got that song and a few others, it felt like the came together as a body of work. It samples Motley Crües song Too Fast for Love, the song is vocalist and guitarist Patrick Stumps favorite track from American Beauty/American Psycho, he stated, Its the right level of artistically interesting, but also just fun. Only in the UK, it was commissioned to radio as the second single. The songs accompanying video was released on the same day, featuring a ballerina. Filmed with a gritty, shaky cinematography, the ballerina represents the American Beauty but is really the American Psycho, in the beginning the boy tries to destroy a music box with a ballerina in it, but he is unable to break it. The ballerina dances for a while before a group of men appear, the ballerina gracefully takes down each man, hurting the boy who eventually starts spitting up blood. In the end the members of the come in to remove the bodies. Before the screen fades, another boy can be seen coming to the music box. The song debuted at No.147 on the UK Singles Chart, reached No.89 in its third chart week and it also debuted at No.15 on US Hot Rock Songs on the strength of digital downloads

15.
Uma Thurman (song)
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Uma Thurman is a song by American rock band Fall Out Boy, released digitally on January 12,2015. The song was the digital track released in build up to the bands 2015 album. The song was released to rock radio as the albums third single in early February. On March 31,2015, Uma Thurman was released as the albums second U. S, the remix entitled The Boys of Zummer Remix was released in promotion of the Boys of Zummer tour featuring American rapper and tourmate Wiz Khalifa. The song debuted at No.1 on the U. S. iTunes chart on its digital release, the music video won the 2015 MTV Video Music Award for Best Rock Video. Fall Out Boy performed Uma Thurman in a TV ad for Pepsi — which premiered during the 57th Grammy Awards, Fall Out Boy has also performed the song on TV shows including Late Night with Seth Meyers and at the 2015 Much Music Video Awards. On October 26,2015 Uma Thurman discussed the song on the Today Show and said the band asked her for permission to use her name in the song and its very, like unbelievably polite and gracious of them. Im so happy for their big success, the song prominently samples the theme music from The Munsters, taking an electric guitar riff and baritone sax line. Its title is a reference to American actress Uma Thurman dancing with John Travolta in an scene of the film Pulp Fiction. She gave permission for Fall Out Boy to use her name, the track also incorporates jittery piano chords and clapping drums, along with bursts of verbiage like I can move mountains, I can work a miracle. Bassist and lyricist Pete Wentz has stated, This was a fun song to write. Originally, when we came up with the idea, and there was this sample in it and we decided why dont we kind of create this world around that. To me, Uma Thurman and Winona Ryder, they were women in pop culture who were quirky. So thats what the chorus of the songs about, and the verses are what you would do to try, the song has received critical acclaim, with praise for the sample of the theme music from The Munsters and Patrick Stumps vocal performance. Billboard called it the best yet from the new album, Music Times wrote positively about the song, stating that the rhythm and bassline are what really shine and that the steady and funky bassline carries the melody seamlessly through the track. It also felt that vocalist Stumps vocal melody played off the music well, idolator wrote that the The Munster sample added a 60s surf-rock vibe to the impossibly catchy song. As a promotional release, Uma Thurman debuted at No.73 on the Billboard Hot 100. It became the ninth top 15 Hot Rock Songs charting in the US since the chart began in 2009

16.
Irresistible (Fall Out Boy song)
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Irresistible is a song written and recorded by the American rock band Fall Out Boy from their sixth studio album, American Beauty/American Psycho. Initially released as the promotional single from the album on January 5,2015, it debuted at No.77 in the US. In February 2015, it was released as the bands third UK single, a remix version featuring Demi Lovato, was released on October 16,2015 and peaked at No.48 on the Billboard Hot 100. On October 30, another version, featuring vocals by Migos. The song is the first track on Fall Out Boys sixth studio album American Beauty/American Psycho, the song was written by Fall Out Boy and produced by Butch Walker and Jake Sinclair. Bassist Pete Wentz compared the mood of the song to a scene in the biopic Sid and Nancy. When I think of Irresistible, it brings this image to my head, whether its fictional or real, of Sid and Nancy in an alley, garbage raining down on them in an spiral of romance. Sometimes its hard not to love what can hurt us the most, the song was released as a promotional digital download online on January 5,2015,15 days before the albums official U. S. release on January 20. In mid-February it was released as a U. K. single, following Centuries, in the issue dated 27 October 2015, Irresistible re-entered the Billboard Hot 100 chart at No.98 following its release as a US single, with a remix featuring Demi Lovato. It has since reached No.48 given the single release, the song was used by WWE for their Extreme Rules PPV event and it is also featured in the promotional spots for the miniseries Heroes Reborn. As of February 25, Irresistible has sold over 500,000 copies in the U. S, Irresistible has received positive reviews from music critics, with many commenting on the anthemic nature of the song. MTV wrote positively of the song, calling it a frantic twist of desperation, confidence and sadism with a guitar, anthemic trombones. Idolator commented that the song was stadium-rocking and full of horn-and-synth glory, rolling Stone complimented the song as well, stating that it is an arena-pop anthem about deadly love. Spin described the song as a booming, brass-backed anthem, music Times called the song reminiscent of My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark. A music video was released on February 19,2015 to accompany the U. K. single release and it was directed by Scantron and Mel Soria. The struggling band is severely defeated in the match, there are several times when the members of the band almost score, and audience members cheer for them and display signs such as Not bad Joe and other similar slogans. Finally, the scores once in the end. The end of the video includes a clip of the short film Bedussey from Clandestine Industries Presents, Release the Bats, the music video references Patrick Stumps hand being chopped off in the video for The Phoenix

17.
Rock music
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It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis

18.
Save Rock and Roll
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Save Rock and Roll is the fifth studio album by American rock band Fall Out Boy. It was produced by Butch Walker and released April 12,2013, on October 15, the album was re-released with PAX AM Days, an extended play the band recorded shortly after Save Rock and Rolls release. Following multiple touring stints, the members of Fall Out Boy decided to take a break at the end of 2009, during the hiatus, each member of the group pursued individual musical interests. The band felt it necessary to decompress and refrained from referring to the hiatus as a breakup, after several reformation attempts the album was recorded in secrecy at Rubyred Recordings in Santa Monica, California, beginning in the fall of 2012. The album sessions were marked by a desire to reinvent the sound in a more modern form. The band brought in producer Butch Walker for a fresh approach, in the bands new form, each member of the quartet was involved in crafting the compositions, although sessions were initially difficult as the band members struggled to reconnect. Save Rock and Roll features guest vocals from Foxes, Big Sean, Courtney Love, the band filmed music videos for every song on the album, which were eventually compiled and released as The Young Blood Chronicles in 2014. Save Rock and Roll debuted at one on the U. S. Billboard 200 with 154,000 first week sales. Its top 20 lead single, My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark, has achieved triple-platinum certification in the U. S. and charted worldwide. In 2014, Fall Out Boy and Paramore headlined Monumentour, a US arena concert tour before releasing the first single from the next album. In 2009, following two tours and the release of a greatest hits compilation Believers Never Die – Greatest Hits. The bands decision stemmed from disillusionment with the industry and the constant promotion of fourth record Folie à Deux. Some of us were miserable onstage, said guitarist Joe Trohman, Stump realized the band was desperate to take a break, he sat the group down and explained that a hiatus was in order if the band wanted to continue in the future. All involved felt the dynamic of the group had changed as personalities developed, rumors and misquotes led to confusion as to what such a break truly meant, Wentz preferred to not refer to the break as a hiatus, instead explaining that the band was just decompressing. Fall Out Boy played its last show at Madison Square Garden on October 4,2009. Near the end, Blink-182s Mark Hoppus shaved Wentzs head in a move Rolling Stone would later describe as a cleansing of the past. By the time the break began, Stump was the heaviest he had ever been, drummer Andy Hurley went through the darkest depression ever felt. I looked at my calendar and it was just empty, Wentz, who had been abusing Xanax and Klonopin, was divorced by his wife Ashlee Simpson and returned to therapy

19.
Paramore
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Paramore is an American rock band from Franklin, Tennessee, formed in 2004. The band currently consists of lead vocalist Hayley Williams, guitarist Taylor York, the group released its debut album All We Know Is Falling in 2005, with the album reaching number eight on the UK Rock Chart and number thirty on Billboards Heatseekers Chart. While it only had a commercial performance initially, the album. The bands second album, Riot. was released in 2007, due to the success of the singles Misery Business, crushcrushcrush, and Thats What You Get, Riot. was a mainstream success and was certified Platinum in the United States. They then received a Best New Artist nomination at the 2008 Grammy Awards and their 2009 follow-up, Brand New Eyes, is the bands second-highest charting album to date, landing at number two on the Billboard 200 with 175,000 first week sales. It produced the top-forty single The Only Exception and went platinum in Ireland and the UK, as well as gold in the US, Canada, Australia, following the departure of Josh and Zac Farro in 2010, the band released their self-titled fourth album in 2013. It gave the band their first career number one on the US Billboard 200 and was also the one album in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, Argentina. The bands lineup changed again after this album cycle with bassist Jeremy Davis leaving the band near the end of 2015. Shortly after arriving, she began taking lessons with Brett Manning. The other members of what was soon to be Paramore had been edgy about the whole thing of having Williams as vocalist. Williams said of the members when she first met them, They were the first people I met who were as passionate about music as I was. The band was formed by Josh Farro, Zac Farro, Davis and Williams in 2004. When Davis showed up, he was stunned to find out the drummer was only twelve years old and he admitted I had very, very, very, little faith in everyone in the band because of their age. I remember thinking, This is not going to work because this kid is way too young, I knew we were on to something. According to Williams, the name Paramore came from the name of the mother of one of their first bass players. Once the group learned the meaning of the homophone paramour, they decided to adopt the name, Williams was originally signed to Atlantic Records as a solo artist in 2003. Steunebrink and Richard Williams had originally discovered and signed her to a deal that was later bought out by Atlantic. The original plan of the label was to turn her into a pop singer, in an interview with HitQuarters the bands A&R at Atlantic, Steve Robertson, said, She wanted to make sure that we didnt look at her as some straight to Top 40 pop princess

20.
Billboard 200
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The Billboard 200 is a record chart ranking the 200 most popular music albums and EPs in the United States, published weekly by Billboard magazine. It is frequently used to convey the popularity of an artist or groups of artists, often, a recording act will be remembered by its number ones, those of their albums that outperformed all others during at least one week. The chart is based mostly on sales of albums in the United States, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but since July 2015, tracking week begins on Friday and ends on Thursday. A new chart is published the following Tuesday with an issue post-dated to the Saturday of the following week, the charts streaming schedule is also tracked from Friday to Thursday. Example, Friday January 1 – sales tracking week begins Thursday January 7 – sales tracking week ends Tuesday January 12 – new chart published, New product is released to the American market on Fridays. Digital downloads of albums are included in Billboard 200 tabulation. Albums that are not licensed for sale in the United States are not eligible to chart. As of the issue dated April 15,2017, the album on the Billboard 200 is More Life by Drake. Billboard began an album chart in 1945, initially only five positions long, the album chart was not published on a weekly basis, sometimes three to seven weeks passing before it was updated. A biweekly, 15-position Best-Selling Popular Albums chart appeared in 1955, the position count varied anywhere from 10 to 30 albums. The first number-one album on the new weekly list was Belafonte by Harry Belafonte, the chart was renamed to Best-Selling Pop Albums later in 1956, and then to Best-Selling Pop LPs in 1957. Beginning on May 25,1959, Billboard split the ranking into two charts Best-Selling Stereophonic LPs for stereo albums and Best-Selling Monophonic LPs for mono albums and these were renamed to Stereo Action Charts and Mono Action Charts in 1960. In January 1961, they became Action Albums—Stereophonic and Action Albums—Monophonic, three months later, they became Top LPs—Stereo and Top LPs—Monaural. On August 17,1963 the stereo and mono charts were combined into a 150-position chart called Top LPs, on April 1,1967, the chart was expanded to 175 positions, then finally to 200 positions on May 13,1967. In 1960, Billboard began concurrently publishing album charts which ranked sales of older or mid-priced titles and these Essential Inventory charts were divided by stereo and mono albums, and featured titles that had already appeared on the main stereo and mono album charts. In January 1961, the Action Charts became Action Albums—Monophonic, Albums appeared on either chart for up to nine weeks, then were moved to an Essential Inventory list of approximately 200 titles, with no numerical ranking. This list continued to be published until the consolidated Top LPs chart debuted in 1963, in 1982, Billboard began publishing a Midline Albums chart which ranked older or mid-priced titles. The chart held 50 positions and was published on a bi-weekly basis, on May 25,1991, Billboard premiered the Top Pop Catalog Albums chart

21.
Soundwave (Australian music festival)
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Soundwave was an annual music festival held in major cities around Australia. The festival originated in Perth, Western Australia and began travelling to the other Australian capital cities in 2007 and it features a number of international and Australian music acts, from various genres including rock, metal and punk. The festival was run and promoted by Soundwave Touring, who also run Harvest Festival and promote tours for bands, on 17 December 2015, the Soundwave founder, music promoter AJ Maddah, announced that the 2016 Soundwave festival was cancelled due to poor ticket sales. This was announced two days after the announcement that 2016 would be the final Soundwave festival, the Soundwave festival originated in Perth, as a smaller festival known as Gravity Soundwave within the Gravity Games. The Gravity Games were held in South Perth along the Swan River, being based mainly on water-based, the event was sponsored by Vodafone in its first year, with the company reportedly committing one million dollars to the event. Gravity Soundwave provided the side of the festival, which took place at McCallum Park alongside the Swan River. Gravity Soundwave was first introduced in the festivals first year, which was held on 14 and 15 October 2004, American pop punk band Good Charlotte effectively became the first headline act of Soundwave, when they performed in the festivals first night along with Gyroscope and One Dollar Short. The following night featured Unwritten Law, Regurgitator, MxPx, Lagwagon, the 2005 festival was again presented by Vodafone, being held on the night of 8 October. Gravity Soundwave was headlined by Grinspoon, with it also featuring American acts Unwritten Law, Reel Big Fish, the third and final year of the Gravity Games festival in Perth was moved to December 2006, instead of October. Gravity Soundwave featured American act Aiden, local Australian bands Gyroscope, Kisschasy, Parkway Drive, The Getaway Plan, in 2007 the festival expanded to include Sydney and Brisbane, and increased the number of bands performing. A number of the featured in the 2007 Festival had previously played at the Soundwave Festival in Perth, including Unwritten Law, MxPx. The expanded Festival featured five stages compared to three the previous year, presenters of British reality stunt TV show Dirty Sanchez and Finnish stuntmen The Dudesons were masters of ceremonies at Soundwave 2009. This festival featured 55 acts across six stages and this festival featured 46 acts across six stages. The lineup also included The Starting Line, who reunited for the festival and this festival featured 71 acts across eight stages. The 2012 Soundwave lineup featured System of a Down, Slipknot, Limp Bizkit and this was the first time Limp Bizkit had toured Australia in eleven years. Their previous tour was the 2001 Big Day Out festival, which was marred by the death of 16 year old Jessica Michalik during their performance at the Sydney show, Limp Bizkit singer Fred Durst paid tribute to Michalik at each Soundwave date and openly criticised Big Day Out organisers. The festival also featured a reunited Coal Chamber, who played their first shows since 2003 and this festival featured 95 acts across eleven stages. Barker survived a crash in 2008 and suffers from aerophobia

22.
American Beauty/American Psycho Tour
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The American Beauty/American Psycho Tour was the fourth concert tour by American rock band Fall Out Boy. Supporting the bands studio album American Beauty/American Psycho, the tour visited North America. The North American leg was co-headlined with American rapper Wiz Khalifa under the name The Boys of Zummer, the Boys of Zummer leg with Wiz Khalifa ranked fifty-ninth for Pollstars Year End Top 200 North American Tours of 2015, grossing $18.2 million. In 2013, the released their fifth album Save Rock. To support the record, the band toured between 2013 and 2014, during the Save Rock and Roll Tour and the Monumentour with Paramore. In late 2014 during Momunentour, the band started working on the new album, the band played two small venue release shows in January 2015, in London and Chicago. In February and March, they played four sets at the Australian music festival Soundwave for the first time, with additional headlining sideshows in Sydney. They also performed at the Soundwave spin-off Westfest in New Zealand, next was a headlining performance in a stadium at RodeoHouston on March 8. They are on the bill for the Pot of Gold festival in Tempe and are headlining three Punkspring festival dates with Rancid in Japan in late March 2015, on January 14,2015, a 7-date October UK tour was announced and shortly expanded to 8 dates. On January 15, a co-headlining 39-date Boys of Zummer tour with rapper Wiz Khalifa was announced for a North America leg from June to August, a nine date European tour was announced to visit six countries in October 2015. Fall Out Boy headlined SunFest on May 3, professor Green and duo Matt and Kim opened the shows at selected dates in Europe

23.
Monumentour
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Monumentour was a co-headlining concert tour by American rock bands Fall Out Boy and Paramore in support of their latest albums, Save Rock and Roll and Paramore. It was supported by New Politics as the opening band, the tour was set to play a total of forty-four concerts over the course four months in North America. The tour was announced in January 2014, and was expanded in April 2014. It was the first time the bands toured together, hence the name Monumentour, according to PollStar, the Monumentour grossed about 8.9 million USD with an average show earnings of about $325,000. The first three dates alone pulled in $3.3 million

24.
Pete Wentz
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Peter Lewis Kingston Pete Wentz III is an American musician. He is best known for being the bassist, primary lyricist, before Fall Out Boys inception in 2001, Wentz was a fixture of the Chicago hardcore scene and was notably the lead vocalist and lyricist for Arma Angelus. During Fall Out Boys temporary hiatus in 2009–12, Wentz formed the experimental, electropop and he owns a record label, DCD2 Records, which has signed bands including Panic. at the Disco and Gym Class Heroes. Fall Out Boy returned in February 2013, Wentz has also ventured into other non-musical projects, including writing, acting, and fashion, in 2005 he founded a clothing company called Clandestine Industries. He also hosts the TV show Best Ink and runs a production company called Bartskull Films. His philanthropic activities include collaborations with Invisible Children, Inc. and UNICEFs Tap Project, people magazine states that no bassist has upstaged a frontman as well as Pete Wentz of Fall Out Boy. Wentz was born Peter Lewis Kingston Wentz III, in Wilmette, Illinois and he is the son of Dale, a high school admissions counselor, and Pete Wentz II, an attorney. He is of English and German descent on his fathers side and he has a younger sister, Hillary, and a younger brother, Andrew. His black maternal grandfather, Arthur Winston Lewis, served as the U. S. Ambassador to Sierra Leone, Wentz parents met while campaigning for former Vice President Joe Biden in the 1970s. Wentz recalled in a Rolling Stone interview that his earliest musical memory was listening to The Foundations song Build Me Up Buttercup in the back of his fathers car, Wentz attended New Trier High School and North Shore Country Day School, where he was an all-state soccer player. He considered pursuing a career in the sport, but decided that music was a more fulfilling choice. But it didnt feel like an adventure, Music was more of a challenge and, in the end, felt more interesting. During his first year of school, he began skipping school regularly and smoking marijuana with friends. He later quit his job at Subway to go play bass guitar full-time with Fall Out Boy in 2003, Wentz was primarily involved in the Chicago hardcore punk scene and was in several bands in the late 1990s. These included First Born, Birthright, Extinction, Arma Angelus, Yellow Road Priest and he and Arma Angelus bassist Joe Trohman founded the pop-punk band Fall Out Boy after Trohman introduced Pete to a musical acquaintance, Patrick Stump. Andy Hurley agreed to drum part-time, but only joined the band full-time later, in 2002, Arma Angelus, the band in which Wentz was the vocalist, played its last show. In 2002, Fall Out Boy released an EP called Fall Out Boy/Project Rocket Split EP, soon after, in 2003, the band released their mini-LP Fall Out Boys Evening Out with Your Girlfriend on Uprising Records. This album would later be digitally remastered and reissued after the third, successful full-album release From Under the Cork Tree

25.
Goliath
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Post-Classical Jewish traditions stressed Goliaths status as the representative of paganism, in contrast to David, the champion of the God of Israel. Saul and the Israelites are facing the Philistines in the Valley of Elah, David, bringing food for his elder brothers, hears that Goliath had defied the armies of God and of the reward from Saul to the one that defeats him, and accepts the challenge. Saul reluctantly agrees and offers his armor, which David declines, taking only his staff, sling, David and Goliath confront each other, Goliath with his armor and javelin, David with his staff and sling. David hurls a stone from his sling with all his might and hits Goliath in the center of his forehead, Goliath falls on his face to the ground, the Philistines flee and are pursued by the Israelites as far as Gath and the gates of Ekron. David puts the armor of Goliath in his own tent and takes the head to Jerusalem, the king asks whose son he is, and David answers, I am the son of your servant Jesse the Bethlehemite. The first edition of the history was written at the court of Judahs King Josiah. These signs indicate that the Goliath story is made up of base-narrative with numerous additions made probably after the exile, the biblical account describes Goliath as falling on his face after he is struck by a stone that sank into his forehead. British rabbi Jonathan Magonet has discussed some of the difficulties this raises. In the first place, he notes that archaeological information suggests that Philistine helmets generally had a forehead covering, why should David aim at such an impenetrable spot. And why should Goliath fall forward when struck by something heavy enough to stop him, an answer to both questions, Magonet suggests, lies in the Hebrew word meitzach, normally translated forehead. A word almost identical with it appears earlier in the passage—the word mitzchat, then David removed the head of Goliath to show all that the giant was killed. A Goliath makes another appearance in 2 Samuel 21,19, which tells how Goliath the Gittite was killed by Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim, the Bethlehemite. The King James Bible translators adopted this into their translation of 2 Samuel 21, 18–19, most likely, storytellers displaced the deed from the otherwise obscure Elhanan onto the more famous character, David. Tell es-Safi, the biblical Gath and traditional home of Goliath, has been the subject of excavations by Israels Bar-Ilan University. The archaeologists have established that this was one of the largest of the Philistine cities until destroyed in the ninth century BC, a potsherd discovered at the site, and reliably dated to the tenth to mid-ninth centuries BC, is inscribed with the two names alwt and wlt. The name Goliath itself is non-Semitic and has linked with the Lydian king Alyattes. The underlying purpose of the story of Goliath is to show that Saul is not fit to be king. Saul was chosen to lead the Israelites against their enemies, but when faced with Goliath he refuses to do so, Goliath is a giant, and Saul is a very tall man

26.
Guitar Center
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Guitar Center is the largest chain of musical instrument retailers in the world with 269 locations throughout the United States. Its headquarters is in Westlake Village, California, accordingly, Mitchell once again changed the name, this time to Guitar Center. The popularity of rock and roll in the 1970s allowed Mitchell to open stores in San Francisco and San Diego, Ray Scherr, previously the general manager of the San Francisco store, purchased the company from Mitchell in the late 1970s. Scherr owned and operated it until 1996 from its Westlake Village headquarters, Guitar Center took full advantage of this sales bonanza, and by the end of the decade began an ambitious program of expansion across the entire United States. Using its size as leverage over the instrument business, it developed into the largest musical instrument retailer in the country. In 2005, Guitar Center, Inc. started The Fender Music Foundation, activision partnered with Guitar Center in 2006, all purchases made during game play of Guitar Hero, beginning with the second installment, are made in a virtual Guitar Center store. On June 27,2007, Guitar Center agreed to a $1.9 billion buyout from Bain Capital, the deal was led by Goldman Sachs and amounted to a per-share price of $63, or a 26% premium on the June 26 closing price. The deal was approved by shareholders on September 18,2007, in mid-2009 Guitar Center opened the first of its rehearsal and lessons studio facility in Woodland Hills, California. The eight studios with full range in size from 350-550 square feet. Guitar Center also hosts events such as the Drum Off, King of the Blues, contests. In 2011, Guitar Center added equipment rentals to the store in San Diego, since, Guitar Center has opened rental departments in ten other existing locations and plans to offer rental services in various other stores across the country. In May 2013, Standard & Poors cut its rating on Bain Capital-owned Guitar Center Holdings Inc to junk bond status. The corporate credit rating on the company dropped from B- to CCC+, in April 2014, Ares Management took a controlling stake in Guitar Center. Bain Capital, Guitar Centers former owner, retained ownership of the company. According to Mike Pratt, the previous chief executive, the deal will reduce Guitar Centers total debt and provide it with the resources to expand its footprint. In August 2014, Guitar Center opened a new 28,000 square foot location in the heart of Times Square in New York City. The grand opening included a concert featuring the band The Roots. First debuting in 2010, each episode of Guitar Center Sessions showcases exclusive live performances by noteworthy artists captured in hi-definition at Guitar Centers iconic Hollywood, Guitar Center Sessions is hosted by Nic Harcourt, and was created, developed and produced by Guitar Center exclusively on DirecTV

27.
Patrick Stump
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Patrick Martin Stumph, known professionally as Patrick Vaughn Stump, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, actor, and music critic. He is the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, pianist and composer for the rock band Fall Out Boy, originally from Wilmette and his solo work has been described as funky and R&B infused, while Billboard noted him as one of the best voices in pop punk. Stump has collaborated with artists and has produced albums for artists including Cobra Starship. After Fall Out Boys hiatus in late 2009, Stump released his solo album, Soul Punk. It was preceded by the six-song EP titled Truant Wave on February 22,2011 and he toured in the US and Europe in support. He returned to Fall Out Boy in 2013 with the album Save Rock and Roll, in January 2015, the sixth album American Beauty/American Psycho was released. Stump was born in Evanston, Illinois to David, a singer, and Patricia Stumph. He is the youngest of three children and he grew up in Glenview, Illinois and attended Glenbrook South High School. His parents divorced when he was eight years old and he grew up with a passion for music, later stating, I was always playing music. It was always kind of present and he originally played the drums in various local Chicago power violence and hardcore punk bands, including Public Display Of Affection, Xgrinding processX, Patterson, and, for two shows, Arma Angelus. His musical idols growing up included Michael Jackson, Elvis Costello, Tom Waits, Fall Out Boys founding guitarist Joe Trohman met Stump over a mutual musical interest, and introduced Stump to bassist Pete Wentz. After originally auditioning as the drummer, Stump became the singer and later guitarist for the band. Trohman and Stump switch between lead and rhythm guitar in recording sessions and at shows, although Stump views himself as more of a rhythm guitarist because of his drumming background. He is the lead vocalist, guitarist, and primary composer for the band, in the same year Stump decided to professionally drop the h in his surname to reduce mispronunciations. The EP gave the band a Billboard 200 charting at No.153 and this was followed by their third studio album, From Under the Cork Tree in 2005, which was the bands mainstream breakthrough. It has since been certified platinum by the RIAA, with a sales total of more than 2.5 million. It debuted and peaked at No.9 on the Billboard 200, the chart-topping lead single Sugar, Were Goin Down reached No.8 on the Hot 100 and received heavy airplay rotation at Pop and Alternative radio. The albums second single, Dance, Dance, also enjoyed success, peaking at No.9 on the Hot 100

28.
Joe Trohman
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Joseph Mark Joe Trohman is an American musician, composer, and record producer. He is best known as the lead guitarist and backing vocalist of the American rock band Fall Out Boy, as well as the lead and rhythm guitarist for heavy metal supergroup The Damned Things. Fall Out Boy began as Trohman and Pete Wentzs side project from the punk scene they were involved with. With Damned Things on hiatus, Trohman and Josh Newton formed With Knives and it was released through Son Of Man, the label he co-owns with Newton. With Knives played a few dates in the US before becoming quiet, on February 4,2013, Fall Out Boy announced a comeback with a new album, tour and single. The son of a cardiologist, Trohman was born in Hollywood and he was raised in South Russell, Ohio before his family moved to the Chicago area. His family is Jewish, although he noted to JVibe, I think we were more Jewish culturally than we were religiously because after my brothers bar mitzvah, we stopped going to synagogue entirely. Trohman and Fall Out Boy bassist Pete Wentz attended New Trier High School in Winnetka, Illinois, Trohman became involved with the Chicago hardcore punk scene, with his first band being Voices Still Heard he formed with friends. At the age of fifteen he taught himself how to play guitar and he developed a friendship with the groups singer, Pete Wentz, and the pair discussed forming a more melodic band influenced by groups such as Green Day. Trohman then met Patrick Stump in a Borders bookstore, and recruited him to join the band, released in 2005 by Island Records, the album debuted on the US Billboard 200 at No. 9, won awards and achieved triple platinum status after selling more than 3.5 million albums in the United States. To support the album, the band headlined tours around the world in 2005 and 2006, in 2007, the band released the follow-up album Infinity on High, to major chart success, debuting No.1 on the Billboard 200 with first week sales of 260,000. The album was certified platinum one month after its release, Infinity on Highs lead single, This Aint a Scene, Its an Arms Race, reached No.1 on the defunct-Pop 100 and No.2 on the Billboard Hot 100. The second single, Thnks fr th Mmrs, sold more than 2 million copies in the US. In 2008, the released their fifth studio album, Folie à Deux which debuted at No.8 on the Billboard 200 with 150,000 first week sales and was later certified gold. Patrick Stump embarked on a career and Pete Wentz created the DJ duo Black Cards. They released their album in 2010, Ironiclast. Trohman then began work on a new band With Knives with Newton, releasing a debut EP, in February 2013, Fall Out Boy reformed and became Trohmans primary music focus

29.
Hip hop music
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It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements, MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing. Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records, while often used to refer solely to rapping, hip hop more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture. Hip hops early evolution occurred as sampling technology and drum machines became available and affordable. Turntablist techniques such as scratching and beatmatching developed along with the breaks and Jamaican toasting, rapping developed as a vocal style in which the artist speaks or chants along rhythmically with an instrumental or synthesized beat. The Sugarhill Gangs 1979 song Rappers Delight is widely regarded to be the first hip hop record to gain popularity in the mainstream. The 1980s marked the diversification of hip hop as the genre developed more complex styles, prior to the 1980s, hip hop music was largely confined within the United States. However, during the 1980s, it began to spread to scenes in dozens of countries. New school hip hop was the wave of hip hop music, originating in 1983–84 with the early records of Run-D. M. C. The Golden age hip hop period was a period between the mid-1980s and the early 1990s. Notable artists from this era include the Juice Crew, Public Enemy, & Rakim, Boogie Down Productions and KRS-One, EPMD, Slick Rick, Beastie Boys, Kool G Rap, Big Daddy Kane, Ultramagnetic MCs, De La Soul, and A Tribe Called Quest. Gangsta rap is a subgenre of hip hop that often focuses on the violent lifestyles, in the West Coast hip hop style, G-funk dominated mainstream hip hop for several years during the 1990s. I. G. In the 1990s, hip hop began to diversify with other regional styles emerging, such as Southern rap, at the same time, hip hop continued to be assimilated into other genres of popular music, examples being Neo soul and nu metal. Hip hop became a pop music genre in the mid-1990s. The popularity of hip hop music continued through the 2000s, with hip hop influences also increasingly finding their way into mainstream pop, the United States also saw the success of regional styles such as crunk, a Southern genre that emphasized the beats and music more than the lyrics. Starting in 2005, sales of hip hop music in the United States began to severely wane, during the mid-2000s, alternative hip hop secured a place in the mainstream, due in part to the crossover success of artists such as OutKast and Kanye West. Creation of the hip hop is often credited to Keith Cowboy, rapper with Grandmaster Flash. However, Lovebug Starski, Keith Cowboy, and DJ Hollywood used the term when the music was known as disco rap. Cowboy later worked the hip hop cadence into a part of his stage performance, the first use of the term in print was in The Village Voice, by Steven Hager, later author of a 1984 history of hip hop

30.
Music single
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s

31.
Tom's Diner
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Toms Diner is a song written in 1982 by American singer and songwriter Suzanne Vega. It was first released as a track on the April 1987 issue of Fast Folk Musical Magazine, when first featured on one of her own studio albums, it appeared as the first track of her Solitude Standing album in 1987. It was later used as the basis for a remix by the British group DNA in 1990, the 1991 release Toms Album includes the DNA version as well as cover versions by such artists as After One, Nikki D. and Bingo Hand Job. It was also used as the soundtrack for the opening scene of the 1993 film Untamed Heart. The Toms Diner of the song is Toms Restaurant in New York City, singer and songwriter Suzanne Vega was reputedly a frequent patron of the eatery during the early 1980s when she was a student at nearby Barnard College. The mid-twentieth century diner would later become famous as a location for exterior scenes in the popular 1990s television sitcom Seinfeld. The song is written as a simple first person vignette of someone stopping at a diner for a cup of coffee, the song notes the newspaper as well as two women, one who enters the diner and one who stands outside in the rain. The ringing of bells at a nearby cathedral causes the singer to reminisce on an unnamed companion, when the coffee is finished, it is time to leave the diner to catch a train. She attempted to think and write in this fashion while sitting at Toms Restaurant, the bells of the cathedral that she remarks hearing in the song are those of the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine, located one block to the east. An article on Suzanne Vegas official Web site uses clues in the song to determine the date that Vega wrote it. Vega herself said that she wrote the song sometime in 1982 and he had died from a fall at his apartment, suffered after drinking excessively. The story in the Post concerning Holdens death was not carried until two days later on Wednesday, November 18,1981, which is taken to be the date of the composition. On that day in New York, however, the weather was not rainy, beforehand she explained to the audience that the day marked the 30th anniversary of the one on which she wrote the song. Vega originally conceived Toms Diner as a piece for voice and solo piano, two versions feature on her album Solitude Standing, the album opens with an a cappella version, and closes with an instrumental version played on keyboards, with guitars lending support. Vegas a cappella recording of the song is extremely sparse – no vocal effects are used except her singing voice – and it was not released as a single, the song Luka, which follows it on the album, was released as a successful single. It was, and she performed a full and equally well-received set, during the 2006 Major League Baseball season, Cincinnati Reds player Ryan Freel used this song as his entrance song when he came to bat. He recalled, I was ready to fine-tune my compression algorithm. somewhere down the corridor, I knew it would be nearly impossible to compress this warm a cappella voice. I said OK, lets test what this song does to my sound system, and the result was, at bit rates where everything else sounded quite nice, Suzanne Vegas voice sounded horrible

32.
Suzanne Vega
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Suzanne Nadine Vega is an American singer-songwriter and record producer, best known for her eclectic folk-inspired music. Two of Vegas songs reached the Top 10 of various international chart listings, Luka, the latter was originally an a cappella version on Vegas album, which was then remade in 1990 as a dance track produced by the British dance production team DNA. Vega has released nine albums to date, the latest of which is Lover, Beloved, Songs from an Evening with Carson McCullers. Suzanne Nadine Peck was born July 11,1959, in Santa Monica and her mother, Pat Vega, is a computer systems analyst of German-Swedish heritage. Her father, Richard Peck, is of Scottish-English-Irish origin and they divorced soon after her birth. Her stepfather, Edgardo Vega Yunqué, also known as Ed Vega, was a writer and teacher from Puerto Rico, when Vega was two and a half, her family moved to New York City. She grew up in Spanish Harlem and the Upper West Side and she was not aware of having a different biological father until she was nine years old. They met for the first time in her late 20s and remain in contact and she attended the High School of Performing Arts where she studied modern dance and graduated in 1977. In 1984, she received a label recording contract, making her one of the first Fast Folk artists to break out on a major label. Vegas self-titled debut album was released in 1985 and was received by critics in the U. S. it reached platinum status in the United Kingdom. Produced by Lenny Kaye and Steve Addabbo, the songs feature Vegas acoustic guitar in straightforward arrangements, a video was released for the albums song Marlene on the Wall, which went into MTV and VH1s rotations. During this period Vega also wrote lyrics for two songs on Songs from Liquid Days by composer Philip Glass, Vegas song Left of Center co-written with Steve Addabbo for the 1986 John Hughes film Pretty in Pink reached No.32 on the UK Singles Chart in 1986. Her next effort, Solitude Standing, garnered critical and commercial success and it includes the international hit single Luka, which is written about, and from the point of view of, an abused child—at the time an uncommon subject for a pop hit. While continuing a focus on Vegas acoustic guitar, the music is more strongly pop-oriented, the a cappella Toms Diner from this album was later a hit, remixed by two British dance producers under the name DNA, in 1990. The track was originally a bootleg, until Vega allowed DNA to release through her record company, Vegas third album, Days of Open Hand, continued in the style of her first two albums. In 1992 she released the album 99. 9F° and it consists of a mixture of folk music, dance beats and industrial music. This record was awarded Gold status by the RIAA in recognition of selling over 500,000 copies in the U. S, the single Blood Makes Noise from this album peaked at number-one on Billboards Modern Rock Tracks. Her fifth album, Nine Objects of Desire, was released in 1996, the music varies between a frugal, simple style and the industrial production of 99. 9F°

33.
Lolo (singer)
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In 2016, she released her debut album In Loving Memory of When I Gave a Shit. Born and raised in Jackson, Tennessee, Pritchard began writing songs when she was 14 years old and she then moved to Los Angeles at 16, where she lived with Lisa Marie Presley and tried to make it as a singer in a reggae band. She eventually succeeded as an actress, by originating and playing the role of the 15-year-old runaway Ilse in the hit Broadway show Spring Awakening for two years. Pritchard later settled in the United Kingdom, and signed with Universal/Island Records, in August 2010 she released the single Painkillers, and the song was also released in a remix with rapper Talib Kweli. Her debut album, Wasted in Jackson, written and produced with Eg White, was released on October 25,2010. It was also scheduled for release in the US on February 22,2011. Pritchard mentions Billy Joel, Joni Mitchell, Al Green and Candi Staton as some of the influences behind her music, in 2013, Pritchard adopted the stage name Lolo and has since signed with DCD2 Records. Under her given name, Pritchard was also the composer-lyricist of the new musical Songbird, in 2013 she began opening for the pop band Panic. at the Disco. She still opens for live concerts and tours with the band and she was also featured on the Panic. at the Disco song, Miss Jackson. At the Disco Headphones - Matt Nathanson WAIT - Lemaitre Centuries - Fall Out Boy Cure Me - Redlight Boomerang - Joey Contreras Not Gonna Let You Walk Away Official website

34.
Alternative Press (magazine)
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Alternative Press is an American music magazine based in Cleveland, Ohio. It generally provides readers with band interviews, photos, information on upcoming releases and it was founded in 1985 by Mike Shea, who is the current president. Joe Scarpelli is the current general manager, jason Pettigrew is editor in chief. The first issue of Alternative Press was simply a punk rock fanzine, distributed at concerts in Cleveland, Ohio beginning in June 1985 by APs founder. He disliked the music that was then being broadcast on stations and believed that bands playing underground music should be given more media coverage all in the same spot. He said, It has really always been about covering music for the misfits, Shea began working on his first issue in his mothers house in Aurora, Ohio. Shea and a friend, Jimmy Kosicki, targeted the Cleveland neighborhood of Coventry, I took my high school newspaper from Aurora High that looked nice and clean and offset print. Id walk into these flower shops and Hallmark shops, and Id say Were going to put out an entertainment publication, and theyd look at my high school newspaper and say, Its really professional. Thats how we got enough money to make the first issue, financial problems plagued AP in its early years. However, by the end of 1986, publication had ceased due to its financial problems, with the growth of alternative rock in the early 1990s, circulation began to increase. APs covers included bands such as Red Hot Chili Peppers and Soundgarden, by 1994, the magazine was doing cover stories on Beastie Boys, Henry Rollins and Love and Rockets. Did we sometimes protest too much, maybe, but we were up against a lot, we were underfinanced and still underappreciated in some corners of the music business, so we had to fight scrappily and mean when it was called for. Nobody takes you seriously unless you take yourself seriously, and thats what Norman brings to his position to this day. By the early 2000s, after resisting attempts to purchase the magazine, when asked the magazines audience, Shea said, It went from heartfelt emo, to screamo, to post-hardcore, to metalcore… but, there will always be a suburban kid full of angst. At the time of its 20th anniversary in 2005, AP had grown to a size of 112 pages per issue. AP introduced its own ceremony in 2014. In 2015, the ceremony was moved to Clevelands Quicken Loans Arena. It featured hosts Alex Gaskarth and Jack Barakat of All Time Low and performances by Rob Zombie, New Found Glory with Hayley Williams of Paramore, Panic. at the Disco, due to the Republican National Convention, the 2016 APMAs were moved to Columbus Value City Arena

35.
Uma Thurman
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Uma Karuna Thurman is an American actress and model. She has performed in a variety of films, ranging from romantic comedies, following her appearances on the December 1985 and May 1986 covers of British Vogue, she starred in Dangerous Liaisons. She starred in more films throughout the 1990s such as Batman & Robin, Gattaca. Thurman was awarded the Golden Globe for Best Actress in a Television Film for Hysterical Blindness, hailed as Quentin Tarantinos muse, she reunited with the director to play the main role in both Kill Bill films, which brought her two additional Golden Globe Award nominations. Other acting credits in the decade include Be Cool, The Producers, Thurman was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Her forename Uma, Sanskrit उमा, literally means splendour, light and her father, Robert Alexander Farrar Thurman, is a professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies, an academic and writer, he lived as an ordained Buddhist monk for three years. Her mother, Nena von Schlebrügge, was German nobility and a model, discovered in Stockholm. Thurmans mother was born in Mexico City, Mexico, of Swedish, German and Danish descent, while Thurmans father was born in New York, Thurman received a Buddhist upbringing, and spent altogether around two years in the Indo-Himalayan town of Almora. She now considers herself to be an agnostic and she grew up mostly in Amherst, Massachusetts, where she went to Amherst Regional Middle School, then moved to Woodstock, New York. She has three brothers, Ganden, Dechen, and Mipam, and a half-sister named Taya, from her fathers previous marriage, Thurmans first cousin, once removed, is Swedish football player Max von Schlebrügge. Thurman is described as having been an awkward and introverted girl who was teased for her tall frame, angular bone structure, enormous feet, when Thurman was 10 years old, a friends mother suggested a nose job. As a child, she suffered bouts of body dysmorphic disorder, in the eighth grade she discovered her love for acting. Talent scouts noticed her performance as Abigail in a production of The Crucible, Thurman attended Northfield Mount Hermon School, a preparatory school in Massachusetts, before dropping out to pursue a career in acting. Thurman began her career as a model at age 15. Her early modeling credits included Glamour and the December 1985 and May 1986 covers of British Vogue and she made her movie debut in 1988, appearing in four films that year. Her first two were the school comedy Johnny Be Good and teen thriller Kiss Daddy Goodnight. The most notable of these first four films was Oscar-winning drama Dangerous Liaisons, a commercial success, the picture also garnered Thurman recognition and acclaim from critics and audiences, film critic Roger Ebert found her to be well cast in her tricky key role. At the time, insecure about her appearance, she spent roughly a year in London, during which she often wore loose, malkovich said of her, There is nothing twitchy teenager-ish about her, I haven’t met anyone like her at that age

36.
The Munsters
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The series was a satire of both traditional monster movies and the wholesome family fare of the era, and was produced by the creators of Leave It to Beaver. It ran concurrently with the similarly macabre themed The Addams Family, the series originally aired on Thursday at 7,30 pm on CBS from September 24,1964, to May 12,1966,70 episodes were produced. It was cancelled after ratings dropped to a low due to the premiere of ABCs Batman, though ratings were low during its initial two-year run, The Munsters found a large audience in syndication. This popularity warranted a spin-off series, as well as several films, on October 26,2012, NBC aired a modern reimagining of The Munsters called Mockingbird Lane as a pilot. The series failed to be picked up by NBC due to disagreements on the dark nature, the Munsters live at 1313 Mockingbird Lane in the city of Mockingbird Heights, a fictional suburb in California. The running gag of the series is that the family, while decidedly odd, Herman, like many husbands of the 1960s, is the sole wage-earner in the family, though Lily and Grandpa make attempts to earn money from time to time. While Herman is the head of household, Lily makes many decisions, according to the episode in which Lily and Herman Munster were trying to surprise one another for their anniversary, they were married in 1865. The costumes and appearances of the members other than Marilyn were based on the classic monsters of Universal Studios films from the 1930s and 1940s. Universal produced The Munsters as well and was able to use these copyrighted designs. The make-up for the show was created and applied to the actors by Bud Westmore, the idea of a family of comical monsters was first suggested to Universal Studios by animator Bob Clampett, who developed the idea from 1943 to 1945 as a series of cartoons. The project did not take off until the early 1960s, when a proposal for an idea was submitted to Universal Studios by Rocky & Bullwinkle writers Allan Burns. The proposal was handed to writers Norm Liebman and Ed Haas. For some time, there were executives who believed the series should be made as a cartoon, finally, a presentation was filmed by MCA Television for CBS, using live-action. The first presentation was 16 minutes and in color and was used to pitch the series to CBS and it never aired, and the script was reused as the basis for the episode My Fair Munster. The cast in order of appearance in the sequence were, Joan Marshall as Phoebe, Beverley Owen as Marilyn, Nate Happy Derman as Eddie, Al Lewis as Grandpa. Although the same house exterior was used in the actual aired series, it was changed at that point to make it look more gothic. Changes included adding the tower deck and Marilyns deck, a new coat of paint, although Grandpa had the same dungeon, Herman did not have padding in the pitch episode, had a more protruding forehead, and was broad but thin. The most noticeable difference was his somber expression, compared to his comical silliness during the series, all characters, except Marilyn, had a blue/green tint to their skin

37.
Sid Vicious
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John Beverly, known as Sid Vicious, was an English bassist and vocalist, most famous as a member of the influential punk rock band the Sex Pistols. Vicious joined the Sex Pistols in early 1977 to replace Glen Matlock, due to intravenous drug use, Vicious was hospitalised with hepatitis during the recording of the bands only studio album Never Mind the Bollocks, Heres the Sex Pistols. Accordingly, his bass is only featured on one song from the album. During the Sex Pistols brief, chaotic ascendancy, Vicious met eventual girlfriend and manager Nancy Spungen, and this culminated in Spungens death from an apparent stab wound while staying in New York Citys Hotel Chelsea with Vicious. In celebration of Vicious release from prison, his mother hosted a party for him at his girlfriends residence in Greenwich Village, which was attended notably by the Misfits bassist Jerry Only. Vicious mother had been supplying him with drugs and paraphernalia since he was young, late night she assisted him in procuring heroin. Less than four weeks after Vicious death, the album of The Great Rock n Roll Swindle was released. On 15 December 1979, a compilation of material recorded during his brief solo career was packaged and released as Sid Sings. In the 1986 feature-film Sid and Nancy, Gary Oldman gave a performance as Sid. Vicious was born John Simon Ritchie on 10 May 1957 in Lewisham, to John, shortly after Ritchies birth, he and his mother moved to Ibiza, where they expected to be joined by his father who, it was planned, would support them financially in the meantime. However, after the first few cheques failed to arrive, Anne realised he would not be coming, Anne later married Christopher Beverley in 1965, before setting up a family home back in Kent. Ritchie took his stepfathers surname and was known as John Beverley, Christopher Beverley died six months later from cancer, and by 1968 Ritchie and his mother were living in a rented flat in Tunbridge Wells, where he attended Sandown Court School. In 1971 the pair moved to Hackney in east London and he also spent some time living in Clevedon, Somerset. Ritchie first met John Lydon in 1973, when they were students at Hackney Technical College. Lydon describes Ritchie at this time as a David Bowie fan, by 17, Ritchie was hanging around London. One favourite spot was Malcolm McLaren and Vivienne Westwoods then-little-known clothing store, there he met American expatriate Chrissie Hynde before she formed the Pretenders. Though at least five years older, she tried to convince Ritchie to join her in a marriage so she could get a work permit. John Lydon nicknamed Ritchie Sid Vicious after Lydons pet hamster Sid, the animal was described by Lydon as the softest, furriest, weediest thing on earth

38.
Nancy Spungen
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Nancy Laura Spungen was a figure of the 1970s punk rock scene and the girlfriend of Sex Pistols bassist Sid Vicious. Spungens life and death have been the subject of controversy among historians and fans of the Sex Pistols. Raised in Philadelphia, Spungen was a disturbed child who was diagnosed with schizophrenia at age 15. After being expelled from college, she went to London at the height of the punk rock craze and their relationship was punctuated by bouts of domestic violence and drug abuse. The press soon labelled Spungen Nauseating Nancy for her shocking behavior, after the Sex Pistols disbanded, the couple moved to New York City and checked into the Hotel Chelsea where they spent their time consuming drugs. In October 1978, Spungen was found dead in the bathroom of the couples room, Sid Vicious was charged with her murder but died of a heroin overdose while on bail in February 1979, before the case went to trial. Various authors and filmmakers have speculated about Viciouss role in Spungens death, Nancy Laura Spungen was born on Thursday, February 27,1958 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at the University of Pennsylvania Hospital to Franklin Frank and Deborah Spungen. She was born with severe cyanosis and nearly died of oxygen deprivation after being choked by her umbilical cord during delivery and she appeared to have suffered no brain damage and was released from the hospital eight days after birth. The Spungens were a middle-class Jewish family that resided in Lower Moreland Township and her father was a traveling salesman and her mother later owned an organic food store called The Earth Shop in nearby Jenkintown, Pennsylvania. Young Nancy was a baby, throwing crying fits and temper tantrums late into childhood. At three months old, she was prescribed a liquid barbiturate by a pediatrician, but her violent behavior persisted, in an interview, Deborah Spungen stated, I know its normal for babies to scream, but Nancy did nothing but scream. She scored superior on an intelligence quotient test at age five, though she excelled academically, she had few friends during her elementary-school years. Spungen was a child who exhibited violent behavior toward her younger sister Susan but was very caring towards her younger brother David. She allegedly threatened to kill a babysitter with scissors and attempted to batter her psychiatrist, at age 11 she was expelled from public school when she was absent from class more than two weeks. Weary of her behavior, her parents enrolled her at Devereux Glenholme School, Connecticut and Devereux Manor High School. In January 1972 she ran away from Devereux Manor and attempted suicide by slitting her wrists with scissors, when she was 15 her psychiatrist diagnosed her with schizophrenia. Spungen graduated from Lakeside High School in April 1974, two weeks after her application to attend the University of Colorado at Boulder was accepted and her father traveled to Boulder and accepted a plea bargain for her, which resulted in her being banished from the state of Colorado. After being fired from her first job on the first day, she began financing herself by stealing from her family, Spungen left home at 17 and moved to New York City, where she worked as a stripper and prostitute

39.
Son Lux
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Son Lux was founded in 2007 by Ryan Lott, in 2014 Rafiq Bhatia and Ian Chang joined the band. Son Lux has released four LPs At War with Walls & Mazes, We Are Rising, Lanterns, the debut album from Son Lux, At War with Walls & Mazes, was released on Anticon in 2008. Following this release, NPR named Son Lux Best New Artist on their program All Songs Considered, the second Son Lux album, We Are Rising, was released on Anticon in 2011. Son Lux signed with Joyful Noise Recordings in May 2013, the month that his haunting rendition of Black Water was featured in JNRs flexi-series. Simultaneous with the announcement that Son Lux would be joining Joyful Noise, TEAR, the album Lanterns was released on October 29,2013. The album includes vocals from then label-mate Cat Martino of Stranger Cat, the lead single Lost It To Trying was immediately named one of Pitchforks Best New Tracks. In 2014, Son Lux released the EP Alternate Worlds, which contained re-imagined songs from Lanterns, in later 2014, Glassnote Records announced worldwide signing of Son Lux. In 2015 Ryan Lott of Son Lux was featured on The Art Assignment in a project that invites viewers to work collaboratively around music that he wrote for the program. Working as a trio with Ian Chang on drums and Rafiq Bhatia on guitar, Son Lux released a fourth album, on July 15,2016, Son Lux appeared on stage at the Montreux Jazz Festival as a guest of Woodkid at the Woodkid and Friends evening

40.
Lanterns (album)
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Lanterns is the third studio album by American musician Son Lux. It was released by Joyful Noise Recordings on October 29,2013, at review aggregate website Metacritic, Lanterns has a weighted mean score of 75 out of 100, which indicates generally favorable reviews. Lanterns reached number thirteen on the United States Top Heatseekers albums chart

41.
Ferguson unrest
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The Ferguson unrest involves protests and riots that began the day after the fatal shooting of Michael Brown by white police officer Darren Wilson on August 9,2014, in Ferguson, Missouri. Continued activism expanded the issues to include modern-day debtors prisons, for-profit policing, as the details of the original shooting event emerged, police established curfews and deployed riot squads to maintain order. Along with peaceful protests, there was looting and violent unrest in the vicinity of the original shooting, according to media reports, there was police militarization when dealing with protests in Ferguson. The unrest continued on November 24,2014, after a jury did not indict Officer Wilson. It briefly continued again on the anniversary of Browns shooting. In response to the shooting and subsequent unrest, the U. S. Department of Justice conducted an investigation into the practices of the Ferguson Police Department. The DOJ also found that Ferguson depended on fines and other charges generated by police, however, a separate DOJ report focused on the shooting itself was supportive of Officer Wilson and his version of events. Officer Wilsons account was that when he attempted to question Michael Brown, there was a struggle, Brown attempting and almost succeeding in gaining possession of his, Officer Wilsons weapon. Due to the struggle the weapon discharged, slightly wounding Brown, Wilson gave brief chase firing upon Brown, ultimately shooting and killing Brown when Brown turned to confront him and, upon Wilsons account, charged at him. The officer was a 28-year-old white male Ferguson police officer, after several months of deliberation, a grand jury decided not to indict Officer Wilson for any criminal charges in relation to the incident. Browns body lay isolated in the middle of the street for four hours allowing the formation of local residents to crowd the close vicinity in disbelief. The Ferguson unrest found its beginnings within this period of time, the police response to the shooting was heavily criticized, as was the slow rate of information making its way out to the public. Many of the received and reviewed by the Grand Jury were released when the grand jury declined to indict Officer Wilson. On August 9, the evening of the shooting, residents had created a memorial of flowers. According to Mother Jones, a policeman allowed a dog under his control to urinate on the memorial. On August 10, a day of memorials began peacefully, local police stations assembled approximately 150 officers in riot gear. Some people began looting businesses, vandalizing vehicles, and confronting police officers who sought to block off access to areas of the city. At least 12 businesses were looted or vandalized and a QuikTrip convenience store and this incident was captured on video by activist Umar Lee leading to over 30 arrests