If more supplies don't arrive in Haiti soon, there will be a significant increase in the number of deaths, Frechette said.

Frechette, who is known as "Dr. Rick," is an American who has also worked with children in Mexico and Honduras as part of the nonprofit Nuestros Pequenos Hermanos International, Spanish for Our Little Brothers and Sisters. The desperate need for medical care he witnessed while working in Haiti inspired him to go to medical school in the 1990s.

He returned to Haiti to help build St. Damien and said that the hospital had been flooded with quake victims.

St. Damien is located outside Port-au-Prince and sees about 35,000 children each year. It averages a two-month stay, in a country where so many die from waterborne illnesses such as diarrhea and hepatitis A, as well as malnutrition and HIV.

Only about 50 percent of children in Haiti received vaccinations for diseases such as DPT (diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus), polio and measles in 2007, according to UNICEF. Haiti ranks 181st in the world in life expectancy.

Doctor in Haiti: 'Our Staff Becomes Mother and Father'

Haiti has the highest per capita tuberculosis burden in the Latin American and Caribbean region, according to the U.S. Agency for International Development. After HIV/AIDS, TB is the country's greatest infectious cause of mortality.

Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and has "some of the worst health indicators in the world," Besser said earlier this week, and has a limited ability to absorb this kind of a catastrophe.

Medical aid would be one of the most important parts of the aid effort because Haiti's health care capacity was already limited before the quake, Besser said.

The United States has prepared the hospital ship the USS Comfort for possible deployment to the region.

"Access to quality care didn't exist before this earthquake," Besser said. "It doesn't exist now, so what's important is arranging evacuations and setting up hospitals. ... There's not a lot of time to save the most critically injured."

Haitians who make it to adulthood often do so completely on their own. Even before the quake, roughly 20 percent of the children who entered St. Damien were later abandoned by their families, and the earthquake has made the problem exponentially worse.

One little boy lying on a hospital bed outside St. Damien was severely injured in the earthquake.

"We have a lot of sad cases like this even with our workers. It is really, really sad," Frechette said. "This boy, like with so many people, the whole house fell. They don't live in big buildings, they live in shacks. ... They said it happened so fast you didn't know it was happening. It was just boom, boom. He got hit. His mother was killed, and probably others in the house were killed."

The little boy was all alone, but Frechette said, the staff is used to serving as a surrogate family to their patients.

"Our staff becomes mother and father, you know what I mean, and teacher, it becomes much more than medicine," he said.

And that is the continuing mission of St. Damien's and Father Rick, not just to cure disease and broken bones but to provide a measure of hope for so many who have so little.