Women's health is known, the substance is very delicate and fragile. And that is why it is very important to visit the "female" doctor - a gynecologist. And every woman knows that every doctor's visit will certainly accompanied by such analysis as gynecological mazok- rate of white blood cells and other indicators should not be exceeded.

Smear on the flora, which bears the name of the medicine bacterioscopy - a laboratory study of vaginal flora, the purpose of which is to determine whether a woman's body of pathogens, and inflammatory processes. Bacterioscopy gynecological smear is one of the most inexpensive and quick to do research - which is why a smear and was so widespread among gynecologists.

Technique study of vaginal swab consists of several stages:

Fence vaginal contents.

The first step is just to smear the fence. For this purpose, gynecologist inserts in the vagina vaginal special mirrors, then using a disposable spatula collects material from all the alleged centers of inflammation. Usually. If a woman does not complain of inflammation, the fence is made of three reference points - from the external opening of the urethra, from the walls of the vagina and cervix.

Disposable spatula - a sterile stick with a slightly expanded end, made of plastic. After sampling of biological material doctor disposable spatula evenly put it on specially designed for this purpose laboratory glass. Swabs from different parts of the genitalia are applied to different slides, which are designated by the following letters: «V» - the vagina, «U» - urethra, «C» - the cervix. The contents of the slides dried and sent to a laboratory for examination.

Explanation gynecological smear

And a smear on the flora, more precisely, its results are ready. But, unfortunately, not all doctors consider it necessary to devote to patients in detail all the results of analyzes, limited only generalities. But every woman wants to know everything down to the smallest detail. Including the result of a study of gynecological smear. This article describes the norms gynecological smear, its interpretation and purity.

Thus, a smear on the flora, the rate of:

Squamous epithelium.

That layer of cells of the mucous membrane that lines the cervix and vagina, is called squamous epithelium. In that case, if a woman is healthy, her gynecological smear squamous epithelium is present without fail. Otherwise, if the squamous epithelium in a smear is detected, the doctor - a gynecologist may suggest the patient a violation of hormonal background.

Typically, if the swab contains epithelia in women increased content of male hormones, but the amount of estrogen, thereby greatly reduced. In addition, the absence of the squamous epithelium may be evidence of the breach as atrophy of epithelial cells.

White blood cells.

White blood cells act as the body's defense against various infections, prevent their penetration of the female sex organs. The normal white blood cell count should not exceed 15 units in sight. In the same case, if the number of white blood cells is significantly higher than normal, it can be assumed that a woman's body takes some inflammation of genitals, vagina, or more often colpitis. And the greater the number of white blood cells, the more severe form of the illness. If we talk about such a study as a smear on the flora, the rate of white blood cells is the main indicator.

Staphylococcus aureus.

As if in a smear aureus found in small amounts, not to worry - this is normal. If the number of staphylococci in a smear great, especially if you also increased the level of white blood cells is likely the patient has a severe inflammation of the mucous membrane of the uterus or vagina.

Sticks.

Sticks are the only permissible in a smear microorganisms. Their presence does not indicate the presence of a woman's body no matter what - that any serious pathologies.

Other indications smear, indicating there is a problem:

Cocchi.

You should not be confused with chopsticks cocci. Cocchi - a spherical bacterium. As a rule, the presence of cocci in a smear on the flora, especially if there are more and gonorrhea, is a symptom of venereal disease such as gonorrhea.

Ardnerelly.

These small rods are the causative agents of such diseases as bacterial vaginosis. If a woman in a smear on the flora found these sticks, it means it is either infected with the disease, or is suffering from a pronounced dysbiosis.

Atypical cells.

Called atypical squamous cells glued together with small sticks. As a rule, these results indicate the presence of smear vaginal dysbiosis.

The fungus Candida.

Available in a smear of yeast Candida clearly demonstrates that women have an acute attack of thrush, or, as it is called doctors, vaginal candidiasis. In the same case, if the disease is asymptomatic latent form, in a smear on the flora of mold spores to be visualized.

Trichomonas.

In the event that a woman with trichomoniasis is sick, its a smear on the flora doctors easily find himself pathogen - Trichomonas.

Additional diagnostics

Even if a smear contains small sticks, atypical squamous cells, cocci that unmistakably indicate the doctor for vaginal candidiasis, for the final accurate diagnosis is sometimes necessary to carry out additional tests, such as DNA - diagnostics (PCR) and bacterial seeding.

Why are the results of the usual gynecological smear is often not sufficient for accurate diagnosis? Doctors - gynecologists explain this to the following factors:

Such infections like mycoplasma, ureaplasma and chlamydia, practically determined by conducting a gynecological smear. Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma, Chlamydia, viruses are so small size that the ordinary swab under the microscope to observe them very, very difficult. Diagnosis by PCR or ELISA - diagnostics exist to identify these particular infections.

The fungus Candida found in the smear are common symptoms of thrush. However, apart from independent disease candidiasis may be a side effect of more serious diseases, sexually transmitted diseases.

Elevated white blood cells in the laboratory study of gynecological smear may indicate an incorrect analysis. Or, as another option, the doctor - laboratory because of the huge number of leukocytes in the smear can not see the pathogen of the disease, sexually transmitted diseases.

In a great number of cases of gynecological smear helps identify the mere presence of an infection in women. However, the sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics using gynecological smear can not be identified. For this purpose it is necessary to conduct a bacteriological seeding.

Thus, it becomes clear that gynecological smears are an excellent means of primary diagnosis of a malfunction in the female reproductive system. Remember proper preparation for gynecological smear: Do not use any pharmacological agents, especially vaginal suppositories.

They can greatly distort the accuracy of the stroke and lead to incorrect diagnosis formulation. Carefully podmoytes before the visit to the gynecologist, but in any case not douche. Otherwise, you also run the risk of corrupted data of laboratory research. Usually, the doctor - a gynecologist on the eve of the study talks about how to prepare for it.

Of course, the best from experience never to know what gynecological diseases. However, today the knowledge obtained will be useful in life than once: relatives, friends, acquaintances. It's no wonder people say: "Forewarned is forearmed."

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Uterine cancer - symptoms, treatment. Many women have to deal with these concepts. Unfortunately, women's health is very fragile and vulnerable. One of the most common diseases is uterine fibroids. What it is, what the symptoms of uterine fibroids is and how to treat it - we asked to speak to the doctor gynecologist. After all, the enemy needs to know in the face - and then beat it will not be difficult.

Often, a woman who learns that she has uterine fibroids, has no idea what is this disease and how she looks directly fibroids. And the unknown is much worst. The purpose of this article - to acquaint readers with the concept of fibroids, so, what are its symptoms and how to fight it. However, remember that all information in this material is only exploratory in nature and can not serve as a basis for self-diagnosis of the disease or its treatment also.

In some sources you can also find the name of the disease as "fibroids" - is the second title of uterine fibroids. Hysteromyoma - is a tumor composed of connective tissue and muscle fibers. Thus hysteromyoma in all cases is extremely benign tumor, as it contains no cancerous cells. Therefore, uterine fibroids can be treated with success. Moreover - uterine fibroids and pregnancy are quite compatible - this diagnosis is not a sentence.

Many women faced with this problem, it is extremely concerned about the issue of what will be the consequences of this disease for their health. In fact, there is absolutely no reason to worry - in time and adequately conducted treatment in almost all cases, ensures complete recovery of women, without any - any further negative consequences.

In view of uterine fibroids is a resilient seal, often having a rounded shape. Size uterine fibroids depends on many factors, including the operation of hormone and the immune system of each specific women. One uterine fibroids can be of such small size that can only detect fibroids using either ultrasound or by radiography uterus. And for some women, it can reach quite large - up to a kilogram in weight. Such fibroids easy to see with the naked eye. In addition, the bleeding during uterine cancer in these cases - almost always a side effect.

Types of fibroids

There are several types of uterine fibroids. Basically myomas classification depends on how and where it is located. Below are the main types of uterine fibroids:

Subserous uterine fibroids. This type of developing uterine peritoneum, on the surface of the uterus. Subserous uterine fibroids has a wide base or a sufficiently long leg.

Submucous form of uterine fibroids. In this case, the growth of uterine fibroids is directed towards the uterus, under the mucosa.

Interstitial form of uterine fibroids. In this form of uterine fibroids seal occurs directly in the wall of the uterus. Up until hysteromyoma reaches significant proportions, and starts to compress the uterine cavity or fallopian tube, it does not cause any pain.

Uterine fibroids. This is the kind of uterine fibroids, in which the tumors are multiple and have the form of nodules.

The most common localization of the tumor is in the body of the uterus - about 80% of all cases. In the remaining 20% ​​of cases, these tumors is visualized in the cervix. It is also impossible not to mention the fact that uterine fibroids - a disease of women 35 - 40 years of age or older, the incidence of the disease of young women is extremely small - no more than 9% of all cases. Fibroids never occurs in girls who have not reached puberty and after menopause - gradual self-absorbed and disappears.

Doctors noticed an interesting pattern - the diagnosis of uterine fibroids in women, see a doctor already complaining of sickness, is only 21%. All other uterine fibroids are detected by accident, when dealing with complaints of other diseases or by routine inspection. But the effects of uterine fibroids does not entail only when time begun treatment.

And sometimes the diagnosis of uterine fibroids is delayed when conservative treatment is almost impossible. In this case, doctors have to resort to surgery. That is why it is important to promptly undergo gynecological examinations required to timely detect the possible presence of problems. It is much wiser to be safe and on time to discover the problem, then move than surgery.

Diagnosis and treatment of diseases

Timely diagnosis of uterine fibroids is very important - the sooner treatment is started, the more painless and successful it would be. In modern medicine, used various methods of diagnosis. However, by far the most optimal and efficient way to detect the presence of uterine fibroids in women - is an ultrasound of the uterus. If you have diseases of the uterus increases in size, its shape is deformed.

All women's useful to know how to treat uterine fibroids. There are two methods of treatment of uterine fibroids: conservative and surgical.

Conservative treatment

Treatment of uterine fibroids without surgery is the desire of every woman, faced with the disease. However, it's worth listening to the opinions of your doctor. In that case, if there are indications for the surgery, which will be discussed below, you should not rely only on hormone treatment. It is suitable only for those cases where the size of uterine fibroids are not significant. And, moreover, physicians may use hormone therapy as a preparation for an operation. Trying to treat hormonally running fibroids will not bring any results, and will only be a waste of time and money. The maximum that can be achieved in this way - a temporary improvement in the offensive.

Carrying hormone therapy aims to remove, or at least some - somewhat reduce the symptoms of uterine fibroids and a bit slow its growth. A case with hormone therapy physicians sick woman to prepare subsequent surgery, hormone therapy greatly simplifies the operation and facilitates post-operative rehabilitation.

Uterine fibroids - operation

Surgery to remove the uterus are also conservative and radical. What intervention was necessary in each case, the physician decides, based on the characteristics of disease of women.

Thus, for example, if a woman has a number of concomitant diseases of the uterus and fallopian tubes - pathological deformation cervical change or malignant hyperplastic endometrium processes, the presence of uterine sarcoma, etc., women showing complete removal of the entire body of the uterus. Or another example - uterine fibroids and endometriosis are usually inseparable companions.

Usually, such situations occur in older women.

Doctors choose the best way of carrying out the operation. Removal of uterus myoma can be carried out in different ways. It can be as abdominal surgery, and laparoscopic or intravaginal route. On the decision affects quite a lot of variety of factors, such as:

The need to examine the entire abdominal cavity.

The presence of a pronounced fat.

Additional interventions on the ovaries, fallopian tubes.

Treatment of uterine fibroids traditional methods

If a woman is not shown surgery and hormone treatment is scheduled, it may try alternative treatments. If a woman has uterine fibroids, treatment of folk remedies can help with her condition. But do not forget that before using any means a sick woman is simply obliged to consult with your doctor. And, of course, about to abandon the prescribed treatment at all, can not be considered.

For the preparation of the following liqueurs you need to buy in the drugstore root of aconite. Two tablespoons of the root should be carefully chop, put in a thermos and pour one liter of boiling water. Insist the broth during the day, and then take 100 grams for 15 minutes before each meal. The treatment should not exceed two weeks.

No less benefit to the health of women suffering from uterine fibroids, brings celandine. Celandine treatment of uterine fibroids rapidly bring visible results. To prepare the broth will grind you need 30 grams of dry root celandine, mix it with three tablespoons of any of honey. This mixture should be added to one liter of boiling water, simmer for at least 10 minutes. After that, the broth is necessary to cover, wrap tightly and infuse for three hours. This decoction ill woman should douche twice a day - morning and evening.

Just a remarkable ability to inhibit the growth of various tumors have flowers ordinary potatoes. To do this, you need quite a lot of dry inflorescences potatoes. Apply them must be as regular tea - spoon flowers fill the glass of hot water, allow to brew for at least 15 minutes, after which you can add to taste sugar or honey. On the day of a sick woman should drink at least one liter of this infusion. This facility does not have absolutely no effect on the body, so the treatment can last as long as you want.

Another effective treatment for uterine fibroids can be vodka infusions based nutshell. To do this, grind 100 grams of nut shells, fill it with 100 grams of vodka and infuse it in a cool dark place for at least one month. Take tincture sick woman needs one teaspoon three times a day during meals. The course of treatment with this tool - 21 days. After that you need to do a week's break. If necessary, treatment can be repeated up to 5 times.

Alcohol tincture of wormwood. This infusion helps to get rid of the tumor, even of considerable size. For its preparation you need to buy in the drugstore dry grass wormwood. Two tablespoons of sage, place in a glass bowl, pour half a liter of alcohol and place in the refrigerator. Insist wormwood need about ten days, after which the sick woman should take an infusion of at least two times a day, one teaspoon during the meal. The course of treatment should last infusion of wormwood two weeks.

It is also good at helping upland uterus - uterine use in not only stop the growth of tumors, but also stimulates its absorption. To prepare the broth upland uterus vsypte in one liter of boiling water three tablespoons of dry grass. Simmer for at least 10 minutes, then cool and strain. Take the broth must be in the morning, before eating. Treatment of uterine fibroids Borovoy of the uterus should be continued for one month.

Uterine fibroids - Treatment of propolis. For the treatment of diseases propolis woman should be prepared following the infusion. Twenty grams of propolis to pour 200 grams of vodka and infuse 5 days in a cool and dark place. Take tincture is necessary once a day, at bedtime, half a teaspoon for two months.

But remember - if you have uterine fibroids, herbal treatment can be carried out only if you have no allergic reactions to a particular feed. And once again, finally, remember that the traditional remedies of uterine fibroids can be used only with permission of your doctor.

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