As for other skeletal muscles, ventilatory muscle performance can be described in terms of strength and endurance. Ventilatory muscle strength is measured, for example, as the maximum inspiratory and ... [more ▼]

As for other skeletal muscles, ventilatory muscle performance can be described in terms of strength and endurance. Ventilatory muscle strength is measured, for example, as the maximum inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressures. It is now a routine procedure in many pulmonary function laboratories. Measurements of ventilatory muscle endurance are more difficult but two general types of tests are used: maximum voluntary ventilation and inspiratory threshold loading. [less ▲]

It is now generally accepted that strenuous exhausting exercise can increase susceptibility to viral infection during the following days or weeks. This review addresses the role of mucosal immunity in ... [more ▼]

It is now generally accepted that strenuous exhausting exercise can increase susceptibility to viral infection during the following days or weeks. This review addresses the role of mucosal immunity in respiratory illness and associations with the intensity, volume and duration of exercise. Indeed habitual exercise at an intense level can cause suppression of mucosal immune parameters. [less ▲]

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is a unique tool to assess the limits and mechanisms of exercise tolerance. It is also useful for establishing the profiles and adequacy of the responses of the systems at ... [more ▼]

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is a unique tool to assess the limits and mechanisms of exercise tolerance. It is also useful for establishing the profiles and adequacy of the responses of the systems at submaximal and maximal exercises. The measure of VO2 max (maximal oxygen uptake) has become the "benchmark" to quantify cardiovascular functional capacity and aerobic fitness. [less ▲]