engMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111050106210.22038/ijbms.2015.60426042Review of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of giant fennel (Ferula communis L. subsp. communis)Maryam Akaberiakaberim911@mums.ac.ir1Milad Iranshahy2Mehrdad Iranshahiiranshahim@mums.ac.ir3Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranBiotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranBiotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranFerula communis L., subsp. communis, namely giant fennel, has extensively been used in traditional medicine for a wide range of ailments. Fresh plant materials, crude extracts and isolated components of F. communis showed a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties including antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and cytotoxic activities. The present paper, reviews the traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of F. communis in order to reveal its therapeutic potential and future research opportunities. A bibliographic literature search was conducted in different scientific databases and search engines including Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar, Pubmed, SciFinder, and Web of science. Phytochemical studies have led to the isolation of different compounds such as sesquiterpenes from F. communis. This plant has two different chemotypes, the poisonous and non-poisonous chemotypes. Each chemotype is endowed with various constituents and different activities. The poisonous chemotype exhibits anticoagulant and cytotoxic activities with sesquiterpene coumarins as major constituents, while the non-poisonous one exhibits estrogenic and cytotoxic effects with daucane sesquiterpene esters as the main compounds. In addition, although various pharmacological properties have been reported for F. communis, anti-microbial activities of the plant have been investigated in most studies. Studies revealed that F. communis exhibits different biological activities, and contains various bioactive compounds. Although, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities are the two main pharmacological effects of this plant, further studies should focus on the mechanisms underlying these actions, as well as on those biological activities that have been reported traditionally.http://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6042_87e7e41a65e8e555dc44ec4ab810457e.pdfAnticoagulantFerula communis LSesquitepene coumarinsSesquiterpenesToxicityengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111063107110.22038/ijbms.2015.60436043Resveratrol protects against diet-induced atherosclerosis by reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and inhibiting inflammation in apolipoprotein E-deficient miceGeng-Ruei Changvemaric@yahoo.com.tw1Po-Lin Chengn00814286@gmail.com2Po-Hsun Houpeterhopo2@yahoo.com.tw3Frank Chiahung Maofcmao@nchu.eud.tw4Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung, Taiwan, 40227, R.O.C|Division of Residual Control, Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substance Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, 11 Guangming Road, Wufeng, Taichung 41358, Taiwan, ROCDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung, Taiwan, 40227, R.O.CDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung, Taiwan, 40227, R.O.C|Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 160 Chung-Kang Road, Taichung, Taiwan, 40705, R.O.CDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung, Taiwan, 40227, R.O.CObjective(s):Resveratrol (RES) is a polyphenol compound that has been shown a promising cardioprotective effect. However, some reports have yielded conflicting findings. Herein, we investigated the anti-atherosclerotic effects of RES in apolipoprotein E (apo E)-deficient mice on a high cholesterol diet. Materials and Methods: Firstly, atherosclerosis was induced by feeding a high cholesterol diet to apo E-deficient mice. Then, we examined its effects on weight control, and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and used histopathological methods to analyze morphology and inflammatory marker of atherosclerotic lesions in mice orally supplemented with high (25 mg/kg/day) and low (5 mg/kg/day) doses of RES for 8 weeks. Results: Mice with high dose of RES had reduced epididymal fat pads, and lower serum IL-6 levels compared with those of control mice. Moreover, RES in high doses also decreased the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and atherogenic index (LDL-C/HDL-C) in the mice. Dissection of high-dose RES-treated mice revealed a marked reduction in fat deposition, percentage of mice with atherosclerotic lesion, and intima/media ratio in the aortic areas.Theexpressions of macrophage-specific marker F4/80 and cardiovascular inflammatory marker NF-κB in atherosclerotic vessels were both diminished in the atherosclerotic vessels of high-dose RES-supplementated apo E-deficient mice. Conclusion: These results suggest that RES prevented the effects of a high cholesterol diet onthe rate of accretion in atherosclerosis progression by reducing the LDL-C levels and suppressing atherosclerotic inflammation. RES can therefore be valuable in the development of new anti-atherosclerotic agents.http://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6043_a27a59788b70644f7378f66fc118fbad.pdfAtherosclerosisInflammationLow-density lipoprotein- cholesterolResveratrolengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111072107810.22038/ijbms.2015.60446044Effect of exogenous leptin on serum levels of lipids, glucose, renal and hepatic variables in both genders of obese and streptozotocin-induced diabetic ratsParichehr Hayatdavoudihayatdp891@mums.ac.ir1Mohsen Ghasemimgsys1342@gmail.com2Bamdad Zendehbadbamdad1273@yahoo.com3Mohammad Soukhtanloosoukhtanloo.m@mums.ac.ir4Alireza Golshangolshanalirezag@gmail.com5Mousa Al-Reza Hadjzadehhajzadehmr@mums.ac.ir6Neurogenic Inflammation Research center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranFaculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, IranNeurogenic Inflammation Research center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranFaculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, IranNeurocognitive Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranObjective(s): Leptin exerts various effects on appetite and body weight. Disruption of the obesitygene is precedent to fatness. Insulin or glucose elevates leptin, but streptozotocin reduces it. However, controversial data exist for the effects of leptin on diabetes and leptin level in each gender. Leptin can damage the kidney function but little evidence exists for its hepatic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the probable sex-dependent differences in blood sugar levels, lipid profile, and renal and hepatic biochemical factors in the obesity and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after leptin administration. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats of both sexes were randomly divided into two groups, namely obese and diabetic rats. Each group was further divided into male and female subgroups. Extra fat and carbohydrate was added to the diet to induce obesity. Furthermore, streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, IP) was injected to induce diabetes. The treatment groups received leptin (0.1 mg/kg SC) for 10 days, and then, blood samples were taken from the orbital sinus for laboratory evaluations. Results: Leptin resulted in a significant weight loss in both sexes (Phttp://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6044_fd2fa18ecca603b23a4d8568aff3478a.pdfDiabetes mellitus type 1GlucoseLeptinLDL cholesterolRatengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111079108510.22038/ijbms.2015.60456045Interaction of cholesterol ester transfer protein polymo- rphisms, body mass index, and birth weight with the risk of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-III studyMotahar Heidari-Benimotahar.heidari@nutr.mui.ac.ir1Roya Kelishadikelishadi.ro@yahoo.com2Marjan Mansourianmansourian.mm@yahoo.com3Gholamreza Askariomidsadeghi2008@gmail.com4Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranChild Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranObjective(s): This study aims to investigate joint association between cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) polymorphisms and body mass index (BMI) or birth weight with the risk of dyslipidemia in Iranian children and adolescents. Materials and Methods:This study was conducted as a sub-study of the “school-based nationwide health survey” (CASPIAN-III). We randomly selected 750 samples from the whole blood samples. Real-time PCR and high resolution melt (HRM) analysis were performed to determine Taq1B (rs708272) and A373P (rs5880) polymorphisms. Results:Taq1B polymorphism increased HDL-C, and total cholesterol (TC) as well as decreased triglyceride and LDL-C concentrations. LDL-C and triglyceride levels were significantly higher and HDL-C and TC levels were significantly lower among those with A373P polymorphism. CT/TT genotype in Taq1B polymorphism showed a protective effect on dyslipidemia (OR= 0.12, 95%CI: 0.07-0.20). G allele of A373P polymorphism increased the risk of dyslipidemia (OR=4.10, 95%CI: 2.14, 7.83) after adjusting the confounders. We observed interactive effects of CETP gene polymorphisms and BMI or birth weight on dyslipidemia. Conclusion:Findings showed Taq1B polymorphism might have a protective effect and A373P polymorphism had deleterious effect on dyslipidemia in Iranian children and adolescents. These associations interacted with BMI and birth weight.http://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6045_9c21488f150bf420f70d64aaccaaf65b.pdfBirth weightBody mass indexCholesteryl ester transfer- proteinDyslipidemiaSingle nucleotide polymo- rphismsengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111086109210.22038/ijbms.2015.60466046Effects of prenatal exposure to different colors on offsprings moodSara Faryadian1Afra Khosraviafrakhosravi@yahoo.co.uk2Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, IranImmunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, IranObjective(s):There is much evidence indicating that depression is influenced by the levels of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, GABA and adrenaline. The current study we designed to investigate the effect of exposure of pregnant rats to different colors on neurotransmitters level, as indicators of mood disorders in off springs. Materials and Methods:Five groups of pregnant female Wistar rats (eight rats in each group) were enrolled in this study. Dopamine, adrenaline and GABA concentration in sera of rats were measured using ELISA. Results:The colors black and red elevated the GABA levels in serum and CSF while the colors green and blue decreased the GABA levels. The colors black and red also decreased the sera and CSF levels of dopamine compared to the control group. The concentration of adrenaline was increased following exposure to the colors black, red and blue but decreased only following color green exposure. These results showed serious changes in neurotransmitter levels due to exposure to different colors which can be translated as mood and behavior changes. Conclusion:It can be concluded that exposure during pregnancy can lead to postpartum behavioral changes even at adulthood and such changes can be made by colors.http://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6046_b11d0c327864957108b18c3f01ae4291.pdfAdrenalineDopamineGABAMoodNeurotransmittersengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111093109910.22038/ijbms.2015.60476047Is adalimumab protective in ischemia-reperfusion injury in lung?Aysel Kurtdrayselkurt@yahoo.com1Levent Tumkaya2Yildiray Kalkanykalkan53@gmail.com3Hasan Turut4Medine Cumhur Cure5Erkan Cure6Ibrahim Sehitoglusehitogluibrahim@gmail.com7Hacer Bilgin8Mustafa Usta9RecepTayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Rize, TurkeyRecepTayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Rize, TurkeyRecepTayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Rize, TurkeyRecepTayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Rize, TurkeyRecepTayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Rize, TurkeyRecepTayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Rize , TurkeyRecepTayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Rize, TurkeyRecepTayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Rize, TurkeyRecepTayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Rize , TurkeyObjective(s): Increasing cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) during ischemia reperfusion (I-R) leads to the lung damage. Adalimumab (Ada) is a potent tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor agent. We aimed to evaluate whether Ada would prevent the lung tissue from damage development over the I-R process.
Materials and Methods:Twenty seven Wistar albino male rats were divided into three groups (each group had 9 rats). To the control group, only laparotomy procedure was carried out. For I-R group, first infrarenal abdominal aorta was cross-clamped during 2 hr, and then reperfusion was performed for 2 hr. To I-R+Ada group, first a single dose of 50 mg/kg Ada was given intraperitoneally and 5 days later, same I-R procedure was carried out. Results:Levels of TNF-α, malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and caspase-3 enzyme activity of I-R group were higher than that of both I-R+ Ada [TNF-α (P=0.021), MDA (P=0.029), MPO (P=0.012), ET-1 (P=0.036, caspase-3 (P=0.007), respectively] and control group [TNF- α (P=0.008), MDA (Phttp://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6047_94fb0d10ddd4fd5c23a5fec11109ecb0.pdfAdalimumabEndothelin-1Ischemia reperfusionLung injuryTumor necrosis factor-alphaengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111100110610.22038/ijbms.2015.60486048Improving the neuronal differentiation efficiency of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultivated under appropriate conditionsHassan Rafieemehrrafee_1352@yahoo.com1Maryam Kheirandishm. kheirandish@ibto.ir2Masoud Soleimanisoleim.m@modares.ac.ir3Department of Immunology, Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran|Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IranDepartment of Immunology, Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, IranDepartment of Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, IranObjective(s): Umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UCB-MSCs) are ideally suited for use in various cell-based therapies. We investigated a novel induction protocol (NIP) to improve the neuronal differentiation of human UCB-MSCs under appropriate conditions. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed in Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO), Tehran, Iran. UCB-MSCs were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS in a humidified incubator in equilibration with 5% CO2 at 37oC. For neuronal differentiation of UCB-MSCs, DMEM was removed and replaced with pre-induction medium containing RA, bFGF, EGF, and basal medium for two days. Then, NGF, IBMX, AsA, and Neurobasal medium were used for six days for this purpose. Real-time PCR was performed to analyze the neuronal differentiation of UCB-MSCs for the first time in Iran. Results: We found that the maximum and minimum levels of gene expression were related to GFAP and nestin, respectively. In addition, our study showed that compared to other neuronal inducers, RA might play the main role in neuronal differentiation and fate of MSCs compared to other neuronal inducers. Conclusion: Our data showed that the combination of chemical (RA, IBMX, AsA) and growth factors (NGF, EGF, bFGF) in NIP may improve the efficiency of neuronal differentiation of UCB-MSCs and may provide a new method for easy and quick application of UCB-MSCs in regenerative medicine in the future. However, the functionality of neuron-like cells must be carefully assessed in animal experiments prior to use in clinical applications.http://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6048_45ce5293a453cd7bca37af0699f26cc1.pdfCell differentiationMesenchymal stromal cellNeuron-like cellsengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111107111110.22038/ijbms.2015.60496049Influence of vitamin D on cell cycle, apoptosis, and some apoptosis related molecules in systemic lupus erythematosusNafise Tabasi1Maryam Rastinrastinm@mums.ac.ir2Mahmoud Mahmoudimahoudim @mums.ac.ir3Mohsen Ghoryanighoryanim902@mums.ac.ir4Zahra Mirfeizirdrc@mums.ac.ir5Shahrzad Zamani Taghizadeh Rabe6Hadi Reihanireihanih1@mums.ac.ir7Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranImmunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranImmunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranImmunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranRheumatic Disease Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranImmunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranImmunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranObjective(s):Genetic and environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Autoreactive lymphocytes are cleared through apoptosis and any disturbance in the apoptosis or clearance of apoptotic cells may disturb tolerance and lead to autoimmunity. Vitamin D has anti-proliferative effects and controls cell cycle progression. In this study we investigated the effects of vitamin D on cell cycle and apoptosis induction in lupus patients. Materials and Methods:Isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 25 SLE patients were cultured in the presence of 50 nM of 1,25(OH)2D3; then one part of the cells were stained with FITC labeled Annexin V and PI and were analyzed for apoptosis determination. For gene expression assessment of FasL, Bcl-2 and Bax, RNA was extracted from one another part of the cells, cDNA was synthesized and gene expression analysis was performed using Real time PCR. An additional part of the cells were treated with PI and the cell cycle was analyzed using flowcytometer. Results: The mean number of early apoptotic cells in vitamin D treated cells decreased significantly (18.48±7.9%) compared to untreated cells (22.02±9.4%) (P=0.008). Cell cycle analysis showed a significant increase in G1 phase in vitamin D treated cells (67.33±5.2%) compared to non treated ones (60.77±5.7%) (P =0.02). Vitamin D up-regulated the expression levels of Bcl-2 by (18.87 fold increase), and down-regulated expression of Bax (23%) and FasL (25%). Conclusion:Vitamin D has regulatory effects on cell cycle progression, apoptosis and apoptosis related molecules in lupus patients.http://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6049_2f7fb779da934a21922a38684225195a.pdfSystemic lupus erythema-tosusApoptosisCell cycleVitamin DengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111112111710.22038/ijbms.2015.60506050Interactions of smoking with rs833061 polymorphism on the risk of non-alcoholic fat liver disease in Hubei Han population: a preliminary case–control studyPengbo Wu1Yonglong Hua2Shiyun Tantan05shiyun@gmail.com3Ming Limingliqilu@163.com4Shu Yongxiang2225680573@qq.com5Guo Fang624509646@qq.com6Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Tongcheng, Minzhu Road 120, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, ChinaObjective(s):Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has biological actions on energy homeostasis, inflammation and insulin resistance. The present study aimed to investigate the association between VEGF -460 T/C (rs833061), and +936 C/T (rs3025039) polymorphism and risk of non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Hubei Han population and to further explore the interactions of smoking with rs833061 and rs3025039.
Materials and Methods:341 healthy controls and 246 cases were recruited. Two variants, rs833061 and rs3025039, were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The unconditional logistic regression (ULR) was performed to assess the association of the two variants with risk of NAFLD. Gene-environment interactions on the risk of NAFLD were preliminarily explored by generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) and further confirmed by ULR methods.
Results:After adjusting for covariates, increased risk of NAFLD was observed in patients carrying CT/CC genotypes in rs833061 and rs3025039 (ORa=1.80, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.51, 2.36, Pa=0.000; ORa=1.89, 95% CI: 1.41, 2.82, Pa=0.000, respectively). Interaction of smoking with rs833061 was found by GMDR, with maximum prediction accuracy (67.91%) and a maximum cross-validation consistency (10/10). ULR method confirmed that, smoking-positive patients with genotype CT/CC had 4.93 times risk of NAFLD compared to smoking-negative participants with genotype TT (ORadda=4.93, 95% CI:2.91, 8.54, Padda=0.000), which further confirmed synergistic effects.
Conclusion: The results indicated that both rs833061 and rs3025039 are associated with NAFLD risk. Furthermore, rs833061 is likely to have an interaction with smoking, and they have synergistic effects on risk of NAFLD in Hubei Han population.http://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6050_c476d3dbd222b2a88d8864d537ea34da.pdfInteractionsNAFLDPolymorphismsSmokingVEGFengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111118112310.22038/ijbms.2015.60516051Comparison of the effects of resveratrol and caloric restriction on learning and memory in juvenile C57BL/6J miceBao-Lei Xubaolei_x@163.com1Rong Wangrong_wang72@aliyun.com2Li-Na Mamalina0883@yahoo.com.cn3Wen Dong76127564@qq.com4Zhi-Wei Zhaozhzhw_999@126.com5Jing-Shuang Zhang908436005@qq.com6Yu-Lan Wanglanlan3017@sjna.cn7Xu Zhangglasszx@126.com8Central Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China|Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, ChinaCentral Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China|Center of Alzheimer’s Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, ChinaCentral Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, ChinaCentral Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, ChinaCentral Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, ChinaCentral Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, ChinaCentral Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, ChinaCentral Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, ChinaObjective(s): Both caloric restriction (CR) and resveratrol (RSV) have been shown to improve learning and memory, but their potential effects in juvenile animals were unknown. Here, we evaluated the effects of RSV and CR on learning and memory function in juvenile mice and investigated potential molecular mechanisms.
Methods: Six-week-old C57BL/6J mice were assigned to one of three different dietary groups: normal control (stock diet) (n=12), CR diet (30% caloric reduction diet) (n=12), and RSV diet (stock diet supplemented with 18.6 mg/kg RSV) (n=12), for 6 months. Body weight and blood glucose were measured every 4 weeks. Serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels were examined using biochemical methods. Serum insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were evaluated using enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA), and protein expression of silent mating type information regulation 2 homology 1 (SIRT1), p53, p16, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated-cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB), and IGF-1 were examined with immunohistochemistry.
Results:Although long-term CR diet did not alter physiological conditions in juvenile mice relative to control, RSV supplementation slightly elevated blood glucose, serum triglyceride, and serum insulin levels. Both CR and RSV improved learning and memory function, although the effect of CR was significantly greater. Both CR and RSV downregulated p53 and upregulated IGF-1 in hippocampal CA1 region of mice.
Conclusion:We demonstrate that CR and RSV may improve learning and memory by downregulating p53 and upregulating IGF-1 in hippocampal CA1 region of juvenile mice.http://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6051_6157418b5526d24eda2917a4504a1896.pdfCaloric restriction, IGF-1, Learningmemory, p53, ResveratrolengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111124112910.22038/ijbms.2015.60526052Establishment of a novel rat model of severe acute cholangitisJianhui Yangjianhuiycn@126.com1Baochun Lubaochunlu@yeah.net2Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaoxing People′s Hospital, Zhejiang University Shaoxing Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaoxing People′s Hospital, Zhejiang University Shaoxing Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, ChinaObjective(s):This study aimed to establish a novel non-binding, reversible rat model of acute cholangitis of the severe type (ACST). Materials and Methods:Twenty-six rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated group (n=13) and the ACST group (n=13). All rats were intubated with a modified catheter through the external jugular vein. The ACST model was established by ligation of the distal bile duct, placing one end of a modified catheter in the common bile duct, and then injecting lipopolysaccharides from the other end of the catheter and sealing it. The common bile duct pressure was measured before and at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hr after the model was established; similarly, the levels of serum total bilirubin (TBIL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured at 0, 12, 24, and 48 hr after the model was established. Results: Pathological examination of liver tissues was carried out at 24 and 72 hr. The common bile duct pressure increased gradually after the operation. Serum levels of TBIL, ALT, and TNF-α in the ACST group progressively increased and were significantly higher than those in the sham-operated group, at each time point (Phttp://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6052_eacf92aa258033055816be403720d7e2.pdfAcute cholangitis of severe- typeALTCommon bile duct pressureRat modelTBILTNF-αengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111130113610.22038/ijbms.2015.60536053Rs401681 polymorphism in TERT-CLPTM1L was associated with bladder cancer risk: A meta-analysisMeng Zhangzhangmeng1930@126.com1Xun Wu578131552@qq.com2Wei Luthinkingreed@yeah.net3Yukun Ge4Xiang Wang4589235@qq.com5Zhiming Caicaizhiming2000@hotmail.com6Song Wusongwu2004@yeah.net7Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (230032)|BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China (518000)BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China (518000)|Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (510000)Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (230032)|BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China (518000)BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China (518000)|Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, ChinaAnhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (230032)|BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China (518000)Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (230032)Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (230032)|Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (510000)Objective(s):Genome-wide association studies have identified a number of genetic variants of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), cleft lip and palate transmembrane1-like (CLPTM1L) associated with the risk of bladder cancer. Rs401681 polymorphism in TERT-CLPTM1L was of special interest for bladder cancer risk, whereas the results were inconclusive. Materials and Methods:Publications illustrating the association between rs401681 polymorphism and bladder cancer risk were collected from the Embase, PubMed and Google scholar. Three independent reviewers worked on the data extraction. The meta-analysis was performed by STATA 12.0. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calcu‌lated for these data. Results: Six case-control studies were retrieved reporting a total of 9196 bladder cancer patients and 42570 controls. The strength of the relevance between rs401681 polymorphism and bladder cancer risk was evaluated by Stata 12.0 software. Rs401681[C] allele was identified marginally associated with increased bladder cancer risk, with per allele OR of 1.132 (95% CI=1.080-1.187, Pheterogeneity=0.701); in the stratified analysis by ethnicity, the increased cancer risk was revealed in Asian and Caucasian groups. Moreover, we also revealed that rs401681 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer in Asian population with three publications under allele model (OR=3.722, 95% CI=1.311-10.568, P=0.014), whereas a decreased risk was identified in homozygote model (OR=0.692, 95 % CI=0.513-0.934, P= 0.016) and recessive model (OR=0.728, 95% CI=0.541-0.980, P=0.036). Conclusion: In summary, our study provided evidence that rs401681 polymorphism is associated with the risk of bladder cancer.http://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6053_f4711017dd1d652c9f36c44feb0620ed.pdfBladder cancerMeta-analysisPolymorphismTERT-CLPTM1L rs401681engMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111137114210.22038/ijbms.2015.60546054The role of noggin in regulation of high glucose-induced apoptosis and insulin secretion in INS-1 rat beta cellsWei Zhangzhangwei9985@126.com1Zhanjiang Yuyzj2560@163.com2Fengchun Dengdengfengchun2012@163.com3Department of Endocrinology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China, 161000Department of General Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China, 161000Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China, 161006Objective(s):The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Noggin on high glucose-induced apoptosis and insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Materials and Methods: Different concentrations of glucose were used to examine their effects on INS-1 rat beta cells in vitro. When specific siRNA targeting Noggin and recombinant Noggin were added, apoptosis and insulin secretion were measured, respectively to determine their effects in INS-1 cells. Results: Glucose stimulated the expression of Noggin in a dose-dependent manner. Knockdown of Noggin further increased apoptosis and reduced insulin secretion when INS-1 cells were exposed to high glucose. Conversely, administration of recombinant Noggin significantly reduced apoptotic cell number, and promoted insulin secretion. Finally, treatment with inhibitor of Smad phosphorylation exerted similar effects on cell apoptosis and insulin production to Noggin administration in glucose-treated INS-1 cells. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Noggin inhibits apoptosis and promotes insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells through the inhibition of Smad signaling. Gene therapy of delivering Noggin may facilitate the treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.http://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6054_7e189ac2435da1dd99b6c928c484780f.pdfApoptosisInsulinNogginPancreatic beta cellSmadType 2 diabetes mellitusengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111143114610.22038/ijbms.2015.60556055Dietary saffron reduced the blood pressure and prevented remodeling of the aorta in L-NAME-induced hypertensive ratsZohreh Nasirizohrehnasiri1156@yahoo.com1Hamid Reza Sameni2Abedin Vakili3Morteza Jarrahijarrahi44@yahoo.com4Mahdi Zahedi Khorasanizahedikhorasani@yahoo.com5Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, IranNeural Stem Cells Research Center and Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, IranResearch Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, IranResearch Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, IranResearch Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, IranObjective(s):The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nutritional saffron (Crocus sativus L.) stigma hydroalcoholic extract on blood pressure (BP) and histology of the aorta in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Materials and Methods: Saffron (200 mg/kg/day) was given orally for 5 weeks to normotensive and hypertensive rats. Hypertension was induced by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 40 mg/kg/day) administration in drinking water, and BP was measured weekly. Histological examination of the thoracic aorta included staining with hematoxylin and eosin, orcein, and periodic acid Schiff methods. Results: Saffron had no effect on normotensive rats, but on hypertensive rats, prevented BP elevation form the third week of treatment (Phttp://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6055_5707e2e2db9aa194c7c0943206bf4869.pdfaortaHistologyHypertensionL-NAMESaffronengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742015-11-0118111147115210.22038/ijbms.2015.60566056Lavandula angustifolia extract improves deteriorated synaptic plasticity in an animal model of Alzheimer’s diseaseMasoud Soheili1Mostafa Rezaei Tavirany2Mahmoud Salamisalami-m@kaumsac.ir3International Branch, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranProteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranPhysiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IranObjective(s):Neurodegenerative Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with profound deficits in synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity. Long-term potentiation (LTP), an experimental form of synaptic plasticity, is intensively examined in hippocampus. In this study we evaluated the effect of aqueous extract of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) on induction of LTP in the CA1 area of hippocampus. In response to stimulation of the Schaffer collaterals the baseline or tetanized field extracellular postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) were recorded in the CA1 area. Materials and Methods: The electrophysiological recordings were carried out in four groups of rats; two control groups including the vehicle (CON) and lavender (CE) treated rats and two Alzheimeric groups including the vehicle (ALZ) and lavender (AE) treated animals. Results: The extract inefficiently affected the baseline responses in the four testing groups. While the fEPSPs displayed a considerable LTP in the CON animals, no potentiation was evident in the tetanized responses in the ALZ rats. The herbal medicine effectively restored LTP in the AE group and further potentiated fEPSPs in the CE group. Conclusion:The positive effect of the lavender extract on the plasticity of synaptic transmission supports its previously reported behavioral effects on improvement of impaired spatial memory in the Alzheimeric animals.http://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_6056_68d00c685ff31cd38e69379e45538df9.pdfHippocampusLavandula angustifoliaLTPSynaptic transmission