4
Counselling Over 70% of women received pre- and post-test counselling BUT: > 50% of Indian women tested in pregnancy did not get pre-test counselling Only 9% of women who said their test not voluntary received post-test counselling Most women are strongly discouraged from becoming pregnant by health care workers Women highlighted the importance of having trained HIV-positive female counsellors

5
Antiretrovirals Majority (64%) were on ARVs: 41% started before pregnancy; 51% during; 8% after delivery 29% were still using Stavudine/d4T (Viet Nam 32%; Cambodia 31%; India 19%; Indonesia 15%) Only 7% initiated ARVs at CD4 >350; majority started at CD4 <200 Cost of transport is the major barrier in accessing health care

6
Contraception Condoms are only contraception promoted among women with HIV - not used consistently; partners object 37% of women said pregnancy was unwanted Women need methods they can control – IUDs, pills, injectables, female condoms

8
Discrimination "During delivery the doctor wanted to put on two sets of gloves. He had put up on one set but the baby was already coming out and the doctor tried to push it back in so he could put on another set of gloves.“ (Saru, Nepal) "When I was delivering the doctor left me alone and the baby came and just fell down.“ (Xuan, Viet Nam) Some women avoid health care during pregnancy because of discrimination