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(1830-1916, ruled 1848-1916). The man whose reign was the last of those of the Hapsburg empire was Francis Joseph. He was born Aug. 18, 1830, the eldest son of Archduke Francis Charles. His mother, Sophia, was the daughter of Maximilian I, king of Bavaria. Francis Joseph became emperor of Austria when he was 18 years old. Revolution had swept the Hapsburg dominions in 1848, and the weak-minded emperor, Ferdinand, relinquished the throne in favor of his nephew. (See also Austria-Hungary.)