RNA Processing There are three main types of RNA:messenger RNAribosomal RNAtransfer RNA Types of RNA Translation is the decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain (protein).

Translation takes place on ribosomes.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a mature, copy of a gene that describes the exact sequence in which amino acids should be bonded together to form a protein. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules are responsible for picking up particular amino acids and transferring them to the ribosomes for assembly into polypeptides. Each tRNA molecule contains a triplet nucleotide sequence that can base-pair with a codon on the mRNA. This triplet nucleotide sequence on tRNA that is complementary to the codon of mRNA is called an anticodon. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is used in the manufacture of ribosomes where mRNA and tRNA come together in the synthesis of proteins.

Role of RNA in Protein Synthesis - Learn Online at CCC

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In eukaryotic cells, there are a lot of regulatory mechanisms, which control quality of mRNA in various steps from processing of precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) in nucleus to translation into protein through cytoplasmic ribosome. Among these processes, RBPs play a primary role in regulating the behavior of the functionally related genes by forming the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) clusters.

Protein Synthesis - MCAT Review

The sequence of nucleotides in messenger RNA determines how the transfer RNA will lineup the amino acids and thus determines the amino acid sequence of the proteins, which isthe primary structure of the protein, which in turn determines the secondary and tertiaryand,if appropriate, the quaternary structure of the protein, which in turn determines thefunction of that particular protein.

Molecular Biology Protein Synthesis MCAT Review and MCAT Prep

Translating the code into an actual protein chain is complicated by the fact that individual amino acids won't interact with the messenger RNA chain. The amino acids have to be carried to the messenger RNA by another type of RNA known as transfer RNA - abbreviated to tRNA (as opposed to mRNA for messenger RNA).

Molecular Biology: Protein Synthesis - MCAT Review

The elongation phase of proteinsynthesis on a ribosome requires a three-step cycle which is repeated overand over during the synthesis of a protein chain.

the role of transfer RNA in protein synthesis

The overall rate of protein synthesis ineucaryotes is controlled by initiation factors.Discussion question: Why should rRNA molecules exist at all, and howdid they come to play an important role in the structure and function ofthe ribosome?

DNA, mRNA, tRNA in protein synthesis? | Yahoo Answers

mechanism Altering the membranes and transport systems to prevent the entry of the antibiotic into the bacterium and/or using an efflux pump to transport the antibiotic out of the bacterium., altering the transport proteins in the cytoplasmic membrane action blocks active transport, enhancing the function of RNA polymerase leads to increased synthesis of the limited enzyme, mRNA continues to be translated into enzyme leads to increased synthesis of the limited enzyme, Gene products enable the bacterium to become resistant to an antibiotic or chemical agent.

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Role of RNA in Protein Synthesis

MicroRNA (miRNA) is mainly transcribed from endogenous miRNA gene as a primary transcript (pri-miRNA), which contains 65-70-nucleotide stem-loop structure. The hairpin structure of pri-miRNA is excised by Drosha, an RNase III-family enzyme, to yield a precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA). Nuclear export factors, such as Exportin-5, transport the pre-miRNA from nucleus to cytoplasm where Dicer, another RNase III enzyme, cleaves the pre-miRNA to generate a miRNA-miRNA* duplex of 21-25 nucleotides in length. The duplex is unwound and one strand (guide strand) is loaded onto an Argonaute (AGO) protein. The guide strand directs the AGO to target mRNAs that contain sequence complementarity to the guide strand in the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) to suppress translation of the target mRNAs.

What are the roles of DNA and RNA in protein synthesis

This lesson discusses the role of RNA in protein synthesis

Protein synthesis, a one-dimensional procedure - the information in alinear sequence of nucleotides is used to specify a linear chain of aminoacids - depends on the collaboration of several classes of RNA moleculesand requires a series of preparatory steps: