We present a retrospective and prospective study of 25 and 9 cases, respectively, of vaginal deliveries in patients with a history of cesarean section attended at the Integrated Hospital of Rioja during the years 1988-1992; For the purpose of determining their frequency and complications. Of 1,072 deliveries attended in this period, had primary cesarean section 73%, 14.61% were cesarean again and the remaining 11, 72% gave birth vaginally. In the latter, there was a greater frequency between 20 and 24 years (41.12%), of which had pre-natal control, 58.82% over 38.23% who did not have it. It was also observed that 100% of these patients had only one previous cesarean section, 91.18% with term pregnancies, more than 2 years after the last cesarean section to vaginal delivery 73.58%. More than half of patients reached the hospital in the advanced phase of the disease, 58.88%; The reason that gave option to the vaginal delivery was when the expulsive period arrived 23.53%, occurring spontaneous delivery in all cases. No maternal complications were observed. I only found one case of uterine rupture with a period from cesarean section to 31 months in a 17-year-old pregnant woman; no fetal complications were observed in 97.1% of the cases that had occurred at prematurity, and that was Due to uterine rupture already mentioned. The vaginal delivery in anterior cesareada once, is for the mother and the fetus safe in a carefully selected population and with permanent evaluation.