Twentieth-Century World History (with InfoTrac)

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Part I: NEW WORLD IN THE MAKING. 1. The Rise of Industrial Society in the West. 2. High Tide of Imperialism: Africa and Asia in an Era of Western Dominance. 3. Shadows over the Pacific: East Asia Under Challenge. Part II: CULTURES IN COLLISION. 4. War and Revolution: World War I and Its Aftermath. 5. Nationalism, Revolution, and Dictatorship: Africa, Asia, and Latin America from 1919 to 1939. 6. The Crisis Deepens: The Outbreak of World War II. Part III: ACROSS THE IDEOLOGICAL DIVIDE 7. In the Grip of the Cold War: The Breakdown of the Yalta System. 8. Brave New World: The Rise and Fall of Communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. 9. Postwar Europe: On the Path to Unity? 10. The United States, Canada, and Latin America. 11. The East Is Red: China Under Communism. Part IV: THIRD WORLD RISING. 12. Emerging Africa. 13. Ferment in the Middle East. 14. Nationalism Triumphant: The Emergence of Independent States in South and Southeast Asia. 15. Toward the Pacific Century? Part V: BEGINNING A NEW MILLENNIUM. 16. Constructing a New World Order. Suggested Readings. Photo Credits. Index.

Documents

xii

Maps

xiii

Preface

xiv

Part I NEW WORLD IN THE MAKING

1

(62)

The Rise of Industrial Society in the West

2

(21)

The Spread of the Industrial Revolution

2

(2)

The Second Industrial Revolution

4

(2)

New Products and New Patterns

4

(2)

Toward a World Economy

6

(1)

The Structure of Mass Society

6

(3)

The Social Structure of Mass Society

7

(2)

Reaction and Revolution: The Decline of the Old Order

9

(4)

Liberalism and Nationalism

9

(1)

The Unification of Germany and Italy

10

(1)

Roots of Revolution in Russia

11

(2)

The Ottoman Empire and Nationalism in the Balkans

13

(1)

Liberalism Triumphant

13

(3)

The United States and Canada

14

(1)

Change and Tradition in Latin America

15

(1)

The Rise of the Socialist Movement

16

(2)

Toward the Modern Consciousness: Intellectual and Cultural Developments

18

(4)

Developments in the Sciences: The Emergence of a New Physics

18

(1)

Sigmund Freud and the Emergence of Psychoanalysis

19

(1)

Literature and the Arts: The Culture of Modernity

20

(2)

Conclusion

22

(1)

The High Tide of Imperialism: Africa and Asia in an Era of Western Dominance

23

(20)

The Myth of European Superiority

24

(1)

The Spread of Colonial Rule

24

(8)

The British Conquest of India

25

(1)

The Colonial Takeover of Southeast Asia

26

(1)

Empire Building in Africa

27

(5)

The Colonial System

32

(9)

The Philosophy of Colonialism

32

(2)

Colonialism in Action

34

(7)

Conclusion

41

(1)

Chapter Notes

42

(1)

Shadows over the Pacific: East Asia Under Challenge

43

(20)

China at Its Apex

44

(2)

Traditional China in Decline

46

(7)

Opium and Rebellion

46

(1)

The Climax of Imperialism in China

47

(1)

The Open Door

48

(1)

The Collapse of the Old Order

49

(3)

Chinese Society in Transition

52

(1)

Traditional Japan and the End of Isolation

53

(3)

Rich Country, Strong Army

56

(5)

The Transformation of Japanese Politics

56

(1)

Meiji Economics

57

(1)

Building a Modern Social Structure

57

(1)

Joining the Imperialist Club

58

(1)

The Meiji Restoration: A Revolution from Above

59

(2)

Reflection: Part I

61

(2)

Part II CULTURES IN COLLISION

63

(74)

War and Revolution: World War I and Its Aftermath

64

(24)

International Rivalry and the Coming of War

65

(3)

Crises in the Balkans, 1908--1913

65

(1)

The Road to World War I

65

(3)

The War

68

(8)

Illusions and Stalemate, 1914--1915

68

(2)

The Great Slaughter, 1916--1917

70

(1)

The Yanks Are Comin'

70

(1)

The Home Front: The Impact of Total War

71

(1)

The Last Year of the War

72

(1)

The Peace Settlement

72

(4)

The Russian Revolution

76

(3)

The Bolshevik Revolution

77

(1)

The Civil War

78

(1)

The Search for Stability in Europe

79

(4)

An Uncertain Peace: The Search for Security

79

(1)

No Return to Normalcy

80

(1)

The Great Depression

81

(1)

Socialism in One Country

82

(1)

The Search for a New Reality in the Arts

83

(2)

Conclusion

85

(2)

Chapter Notes

87

(1)

Nationalism, Revolution, and Dictatorship: Africa, Asia, and Latin America from 1919 to 1939

88

(23)

The Rise of Nationalism

88

(10)

Traditional Resistance: A Precursor to Nationalism

89

(1)

Modern Nationalism

90

(3)

The Nationalist Revolt in the Middle East

93

(3)

Nationalism and Revolution in Asia and Africa

96

(2)

Revolution in China

98

(5)

Mr. Science and Mr. Democracy: The New Culture Movement

98

(1)

The Nanjing Republic

99

(3)

Social Change in Republican China

102

(1)

Japan Betweeen the Wars

103

(2)

Experiment in Democracy

103

(1)

A Zaibatsu Economy

104

(1)

Shidehara Diplomacy

104

(1)

Nationalism and Dictatorship in Latin America

105

(4)

The Economy and the United States

105

(2)

The Move to Authoritarianism

107

(1)

Latin American Culture

108

(1)

Conclusion

109

(1)

Chapter Notes

110

(1)

The Crisis Deepens: The Outbreak of World War II

111

(26)

Retreat from Democracy: The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes

112

(6)

The Birth of Fascism

112

(1)

Hitler and Nazi Germany

113

(2)

Authoritarian States in Europe

115

(1)

The Soviet Union

116

(1)

The Rise of Militarism in Japan

117

(1)

The Path to War

118

(4)

The Path to War in Europe

118

(2)

The Path to War in Asia

120

(2)

The Course of World War II

122

(5)

Europe at War

122

(3)

Asia at War

125

(1)

The Turning Point of the War 1942--1943

125

(2)

The Last Years of the War

127

(1)

The New Order

127

(3)

The New Order in Europe

128

(1)

The Holocaust

128

(1)

The New Order in Asia

129

(1)

The Home Front: Three Examples

130

(1)

Aftermath of the War

131

(1)

Conclusion

132

(2)

Chapter Notes

134

(1)

Reflection Part II

135

(2)

Part III ACROSS THE IDEOLOGICAL DIVIDE

137

(98)

In the Grip of the Cold War: The Breakdown of the Yalta System

138

(19)

The Collapse of the Grand Alliance

139

(5)

The Truman Doctrine and the Beginnings of Containment

140

(1)

Europe Divided

141

(3)

Cold War in Asia

144

(4)

The Chinese Civil War

144

(3)

The Korean War

147

(1)

Conflict in Indochina

148

(1)

From Confrontation to Coexistence

148

(5)

Khrushchev and the Era of Peaceful Coexistence

149

(1)

The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Move Toward Detente

150

(1)

The Sino-Soviet Dispute

151

(1)

The Second Indochina War

152

(1)

An Era of Equivalence

153

(2)

An End to Detente?

154

(1)

Countering the Evil Empire

155

(1)

Conclusion

155

(1)

Chapter Notes

156

(1)

Brave New World: The Rise and Fall of Communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe

157

(19)

The Postwar Soviet Union

157

(6)

From Stalin to Khrushchev

157

(3)

The Brezhnev Years, 1964--1982

160

(3)

Ferment in Eastern Europe

163

(2)

Culture and Society in the Soviet Bloc

165

(5)

Cultural Expression

166

(2)

Social Changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe

168

(2)

The Disintegration of the Soviet Empire

170

(4)

The Gorbachev Era

170

(1)

The New Russia: From Empire to Nation

171

(2)

Eastern Europe: From Soviet Satellites to Sovereign Nations

173

(1)

Conclusion

174

(1)

Chapter Notes

175

(1)

Postwar Europe: On the Path to Unity?

176

(18)

Western Europe: Recovery and Renewal

177

(6)

The Triumph of Democracy in Postwar Europe

178

(4)

Western Europe: The Search for Unity

182

(1)

Europe Reunited: The Curtain Rises

183

(4)

The Disintegration of Yugoslavia

183

(2)

Germany: The Party's Over

185

(1)

France: A Season of Discontent

185

(1)

Great Britain: Move to the Left

186

(1)

The Move Toward European Unity: Staying the Course?

186

(1)

Aspects of Society in Postwar Europe

187

(3)

The Age of Affluence

187

(2)

Expanding Roles for Women

189

(1)

The Environment and the Green Movements

190

(1)

Aspects of Culture in Postwar Europe

190

(2)

Conclusion

192

(2)

The United States, Canada, and Latin America

194

(21)

The Emergence of the United States

195

(4)

The United States Moves Right

196

(2)

Return to Hegemony

198

(1)

Canada: In the Shadow of Goliath

199

(1)

Democracy, Dictatorship, and Devlopment in Latin America Since 1945

200

(7)

The Threat of Marxist Revolutions

202

(2)

Nationalism and the Military: The Examples of Argentina and Brazil

204

(2)

The Mexican Way

206

(1)

Social Changes in the United States

207

(1)

The Melting Pot in Action

207

(1)

Women and Society

207

(1)

The Environment

208

(1)

Trends in the Arts

208

(5)

Popular Culture

210

(2)

Science and Technology

212

(1)

Conclusion

213

(1)

Chapter Notes

214

(1)

The East Is Red: China Under Communism

215

(20)

China Under Mao Zedong

216

(7)

New Democracy

216

(1)

The Transition to Socialism

216

(2)

The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution

218

(1)

From Mao to Deng

219

(1)

Incident at Tiananmen Square

220

(1)

From Marx to Confucius

221

(2)

Serve the People: Chinese Society Under Communism

223

(3)

The Politics of the Mass Line

223

(1)

Economics in Command

224

(2)

The Legacy of the Past: Continuity and Change in Chinese Society

226

(2)

China's Changing Culture

228

(1)

Conclusion

229

(3)

Chapter Notes

232

(1)

Reflection: Part III

233

(2)

Part IV THIRD WORLD RISING

235

(80)

Emerging Africa

236

(19)

Uhuru: The Struggle for Independence

237

(2)

The Colonial Legacy

238

(1)

The Rise of Nationalism

238

(1)

The Era of Independence

239

(7)

Pan-Africanism and Nationalism: The Destiny of Africa

240

(1)

Dream and Reality: Political and Economic Conditions in Contemporary Africa

241

(5)

Continuity and Change in Modern African Societies

246

(6)

African Women

248

(2)

African Culture

250

(2)

Conclusion: Gathered at the Beach

252

(2)

Chapter Notes

254

(1)

Ferment in the Middle East

255

(18)

Crescent of Conflict

255

(8)

The Question of Palestine

256

(1)

Nasser and Pan-Arabism

257

(1)

The Arab-Israeli Dispute

258

(2)

Revolution in Iran

260

(2)

Crisis in the Gulf

262

(1)

Politics in the Contemporary Middle East

263

(5)

The Economics of Oil

264

(2)

The Islamic Revival

266

(1)

Women and Islam

267

(1)

Contemporary Literature and Art in the Middle East

268

(2)

Conclusion

270

(2)

Chapter Notes

272

(1)

Nationalism Triumphant: The Emergence of Independent States in South and Southeast Asia