If you are adjacent to an enemy and cast a spell, you will provoke an attack of opportunity. There are two primary ways to avoid provoking.

First, you can declare that you are casting defensively. When you do, make a concentration check with a DC of 15 plus double the spell level. You get a bonus to your roll equal to your caster level plus your spell casting ability modifier (CHA for your archetype). For example, assuming 20 CHA, at level 1 you cast Shocking Grasp defensively (DC 15 + 2) with a bonus of 1 + 5.

Second, you can avoid provoking by taking a 5 foot step away from all enemies and cast without a concentration check.

I highly recommend searching for the Guide To Guides. It has some good information for touch attacks, spell combat, and other Magus options.

With your archetype, I would suggest the Destined bloodline. Note that you also get less skills by being CHA-based.

You could just make a custom feat that allows your Magus to get access to Arcanist exploits and use your Arcane Pool to fuel them. But to balance it, I would add one prerequisite feat. Look at Arcane Deed and Flamboyant Arcana as examples. They allow Swashbuckler deeds as Arcana.