There are several notable basics missing though. A quick study of western and eastern thought gives you more basics. Off the top of my head truth, identity, inquery, and classical logic in general. Paralogic, Context, attitude, and the rest of Asian thought in general. There are tremendous depths to be plumbed in these, yet I don't know of a single book that puts them all into perspective and shows how they are related.

Some of this topics are in a way appealing, but I won't consider any of these as "fundamental".

A fundamental issue in philosophy is that of the controverse between Materialism and Idealism.

For those who do not know the controverse, let me briefly explain the two positions.

Materialism goes from the perspective that there is in primary instance a material world which can in principle be known (but not in an absolute sense), and that mind is a secondary entity which is derived from the material world.

Idealism goes from the perspective that in first instance there is Mind, and that the material world only exists in secondary instance.

So the controverse is about what is the world about in first instance: Matter or Mind?

in this special case, - religion or searching is the way -, i saw both as attitudes, that in their either way deny or refute or at least consider less basic the meaning of knowledge than that of belief (in getting along with world).
they do have sth in common. "searching as its destination" can be looked upon as a religion.. both somehow see no use or no aim or no need or no success or no procedure or even no sense at all in riding on fundamentals.

.. i could have listed "belief" and "spirit(uality)" in this choice aswell.. alas!.. :)

to all:
of course i'll state on this, but only, when there'll be no more votes coming in, which since the re-animation isn't the case yet..

..and, besides, any poll of this kind will in some aspect be wrong. there's no way to avoid this.