^"The King as Patron". Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer. West Yorkshire, England. 4 February 1922. Retrieved 22 September 2015 – via Genes Reunited). THE KING PATRON. His Majesty the King (George V) has consented (to) become a patron of the Leeds Musical Festival, which will take place October next. (The King's daughter) Princess Mary, (and her fiancé) Viscount Lascelles .... are also on the list of patrons, which further includes...

1.
United Kingdom
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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state‍—‌the Republic of Ireland. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland, with an area of 242,500 square kilometres, the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants, together, this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union. The United Kingdom is a monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance. The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 6 February 1952, other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the regions of Birmingham, Leeds, Glasgow, Liverpool and Manchester. The United Kingdom consists of four countries—England, Scotland, Wales, the last three have devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in their capitals, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast, respectively. The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time, Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain, which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, there are fourteen British Overseas Territories. These are the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, British influence can be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies. The United Kingdom is a country and has the worlds fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP. The UK is considered to have an economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index. It was the worlds first industrialised country and the worlds foremost power during the 19th, the UK remains a great power with considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific and political influence internationally. It is a nuclear weapons state and its military expenditure ranks fourth or fifth in the world. The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 and it has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor, the European Economic Community, since 1973. However, on 23 June 2016, a referendum on the UKs membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave. The Acts of Union 1800 united the Kingdom of Great Britain, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have devolved self-government

2.
Marie Lloyd
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She was best known for her performances of songs such as The Boy I Love Is Up in the Gallery, My Old Man and Oh Mr Porter What Shall I Do. Born in London, she was showcased by her father at the Eagle Tavern in Hoxton, in 1884, she made her professional début as Bella Delmere, she changed her stage name to Marie Lloyd the following year. In 1885, she had success with her song The Boy I Love Is Up in the Gallery, in 1891, she was recruited by the impresario Augustus Harris to appear in that years spectacular Theatre Royal, Drury Lane Christmas pantomime Humpty Dumpty. She starred in a further two productions at the theatre, Little Bo Peep and Robinson Crusoe, by the mid-1890s, Lloyd was in frequent dispute with Britains theatre censors due to the risqué content of her songs. Between 1894 and 1900, she became a success when she toured France, America, Australia. In 1907, she assisted other performers during the music hall war and took part in demonstrations outside theatres, protesting for better pay, in 1915, she performed her only wartime song Now Youve Got Your Khaki On, which became a favourite among front-line troops. In later life, she was still in demand at music halls and had a success in 1919 with her performance of My Old Man. Privately, she suffered bouts of ill-health and became alcohol-dependent. In 1922, she gave her performance at the Alhambra Theatre, London. She died a few days later at the age of 52, Lloyd was born on 12 February 1870 in Hoxton, London. Her father John Wood, was a flower arranger and waiter. Lloyd was the eldest of nine children and became known within the circle as Tilley. The Wood family were respectable, hard-working, and financially comfortable, Lloyd often took career advice from her mother, whose influence was strong in the family. Along with her sister Alice, she arranged events in which the Wood children performed at the family home and she enjoyed the experience of entertaining her family and decided to form a minstrel act in 1879 called the Fairy Bell troupe comprising her brothers and sisters. Lloyd and the made their début at a mission in Nile Street, Hoxton, in 1880. Costumed by Matilda, they toured local doss-houses in East London, eager to show off his daughters talent, John secured her unpaid employment as a table singer at the Eagle Tavern in Hoxton, where he worked as a waiter. Among the songs she performed there was My Soldier Laddie, together with her performances at the Eagle, Lloyd briefly contributed to the family income by making babies boots, and, later, curled feathers for hat making. She was unsuccessful at both and was sacked from the latter after being caught dancing on the tables by the foreman and she returned home that evening and declared that she wanted a permanent career on the stage

3.
George V
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George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until his death in 1936. He was the son of Albert Edward, Prince of Wales. From the time of his birth, he was third in the line of succession behind his father and his own brother, Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence. From 1877 to 1891, George served in the Royal Navy, on the death of his grandmother in 1901, Georges father became King-Emperor of the British Empire, and George was created Prince of Wales. He succeeded his father in 1910 and he was the only Emperor of India to be present at his own Delhi Durbar. His reign saw the rise of socialism, communism, fascism, Irish republicanism, the Parliament Act 1911 established the supremacy of the elected British House of Commons over the unelected House of Lords. In 1917, George became the first monarch of the House of Windsor, in 1924 he appointed the first Labour ministry and in 1931 the Statute of Westminster recognised the dominions of the Empire as separate, independent states within the Commonwealth of Nations. He had health problems throughout much of his reign and at his death was succeeded by his eldest son. George was born on 3 June 1865, in Marlborough House and he was the second son of the Prince and Princess of Wales, Albert Edward and Alexandra. His father was the eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert and he was baptised at Windsor Castle on 7 July 1865 by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Charles Longley. As a younger son of the Prince of Wales, there was expectation that George would become king. He was third in line to the throne, after his father and elder brother, George was only 17 months younger than Albert Victor, and the two princes were educated together. John Neale Dalton was appointed as their tutor in 1871, neither Albert Victor nor George excelled intellectually. For three years from 1879, the brothers served on HMS Bacchante, accompanied by Dalton. They toured the colonies of the British Empire in the Caribbean, South Africa and Australia, and visited Norfolk, Virginia, as well as South America, the Mediterranean, Egypt, Dalton wrote an account of their journey entitled The Cruise of HMS Bacchante. Between Melbourne and Sydney, Dalton recorded a sighting of the Flying Dutchman, after Lausanne, the brothers were separated, Albert Victor attended Trinity College, Cambridge, while George continued in the Royal Navy. He travelled the world, visiting many areas of the British Empire, during his naval career he commanded Torpedo Boat 79 in home waters then HMS Thrush on the North America station, before his last active service in command of HMS Melampus in 1891–92. From then on, his rank was largely honorary

4.
Edward Elgar
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Sir Edward William Elgar, 1st Baronet OM GCVO was an English composer, many of whose works have entered the British and international classical concert repertoire. Among his best-known compositions are orchestral works including the Enigma Variations, the Pomp and Circumstance Marches, concertos for violin and cello and he also composed choral works, including The Dream of Gerontius, chamber music and songs. He was appointed Master of the Kings Musick in 1924, although Elgar is often regarded as a typically English composer, most of his musical influences were not from England but from continental Europe. He felt himself to be an outsider, not only musically and he nevertheless married the daughter of a senior British army officer. His later full-length religious choral works were received but have not entered the regular repertory. In his fifties, Elgar composed a symphony and a concerto that were immensely successful. His second symphony and his cello concerto did not gain immediate public popularity, Elgars music came, in his later years, to be seen as appealing chiefly to British audiences. His stock remained low for a generation after his death and it began to revive significantly in the 1960s, helped by new recordings of his works. Some of his works have, in recent years, been taken up again internationally, Elgar has been described as the first composer to take the gramophone seriously. Between 1914 and 1925, he conducted a series of recordings of his works. Edward Elgar was born in the village of Lower Broadheath, outside Worcester. His father, William Henry Elgar, was raised in Dover and had apprenticed to a London music publisher. In 1841 William moved to Worcester, where he worked as a tuner and set up a shop selling sheet music. In 1848 he married Ann Greening, daughter of a farm worker, Edward was the fourth of their seven children. Ann Elgar had converted to Roman Catholicism shortly before Edwards birth, William Elgar was a violinist of professional standard and held the post of organist of St. Georges Roman Catholic Church, Worcester, from 1846 to 1885. At his instigation, masses by Cherubini and Hummel were first heard at the Three Choirs Festival by the orchestra in which he played the violin, all the Elgar children received a musical upbringing. Elgars mother was interested in the arts and encouraged his musical development and he inherited from her a discerning taste for literature and a passionate love of the countryside. His friend and biographer W. H, Billy Reed wrote that Elgars early surroundings had an influence that permeated all his work and gave to his whole life that subtle but none the less true and sturdy English quality

5.
David Lloyd George
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David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, OM, PC was a British Liberal politician and statesman. As Chancellor of the Exchequer, Lloyd George was a key figure in the introduction of reforms which laid the foundations of the modern welfare state. His most important role came as the highly energetic Prime Minister of the Wartime Coalition Government, during and he was a major player at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 that reordered Europe after the defeat of the Central Powers. He made an impact on British public life than any other 20th-century leader. Furthermore, in foreign affairs he played a role in winning the First World War, redrawing the map of Europe at the peace conference. His main political problem was that he was not loyal to his Liberal party—he was always a political maverick, while he was Prime Minister he favoured the Conservatives in his coalition in the 1918 elections, leaving the Liberal party as a hopeless minority. He became leader of the Liberal Party in the late 1920s, by the 1930s he was a marginalised and widely mistrusted figure. He gave weak support to the Second World War amidst fears that he was favourable toward Germany, Lloyd George was born on 17 January 1863 in Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manchester, to Welsh parents, and was brought up as a Welsh-speaker. He is so far the only British Prime Minister to have been Welsh and his father, William George, had been a teacher in both London and Liverpool. He also taught in the Hope Street Sunday Schools, which were administered by the Unitarians, in March of the same year, on account of his failing health, William George returned with his family to his native Pembrokeshire. He took up farming but died in June 1864 of pneumonia, Lloyd George was educated at the local Anglican school Llanystumdwy National School and later under tutors. He added his uncles surname to become Lloyd George and his surname is usually given as Lloyd George and sometimes as George. The influence of his childhood showed through in his entire career, brought up a devout evangelical, as a young man he suddenly lost his religious faith. Biographer Don Cregier says he became a Deist and perhaps an agnostic, though he remained a chapel-goer and he kept quiet about that, however, and was hailed as one of the foremost fighting leaders of a fanatical Welsh Nonconformity. It was also during this period of his life that Lloyd George first became interested in the issue of land ownership, by the age of twenty-one, he had already read and taken notes on Henry Georges Progress and Poverty. This strongly influenced Lloyd Georges politics later in life through the Peoples Budget which heavily drew on the georgist tax reform ideas, the practice flourished, and he established branch offices in surrounding towns, taking his brother William into partnership in 1887. Although many Prime Ministers have been barristers, Lloyd George is to date the only solicitor to have held that office, by then he was politically active, having campaigned for the Liberal Party in the 1885 election, attracted by Joseph Chamberlains unauthorised programme of reforms. The election resulted firstly in a stalemate with neither the Liberals nor the Conservatives having a majority, William Gladstones proposal to bring about Irish Home Rule split the party, with Chamberlain eventually leading the breakaway Liberal Unionists

6.
City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra
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The City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra is a British orchestra based in Birmingham, England. It is the resident orchestra at Symphony Hall, Birmingham, which has been its principal performance venue since 1991 and its administrative and rehearsal base is at the nearby CBSO Centre, where it also presents chamber concerts by members of the orchestra and guest performers. Each year the orchestra performs more than 130 concerts to audiences totalling over 200,000 people, another 72,000 people each year take part in its learning, participation and outreach events, and 750 local musicians are engaged in its six choirs and the CBSO Youth Orchestra. The CBSOs current music director is Mirga Gražinytė-Tyla, effective with the 2016-2017 season, the CBSOs current chief executive, appointed in 1999, is Stephen Maddock. Birminghams most notable early orchestra was the Birmingham Festival Orchestra, which formed as a group of 25 musicians in 1768 but by 1834 had grown into an orchestra of 147. This was eclipsed as the leading orchestra at the end of the 19th century by George Halfords Orchestra. The period between 1905 and 1920 saw this demand for orchestral music met by a number of competing enterprises. Landon Ronald presented a season of promenade concerts at the Theatre Royal in New Street from 1905 to 1914 with a 70-strong orchestra made up largely of Birmingham-based musicians. During its early years the orchestra was sometimes referred to as the Birmingham City Orchestra, as a result, a shortlist of four candidates was drawn up from the numerous applications for the post, though the initial one-year contract came to limit the choice to local applicants. The eventual appointee was Appleby Matthews, who had been running his own orchestra in the city since 1916 and had support from local music critics on the selection panel. Richard Wassell was appointed as Assistant Conductor, the CBOs first concert was given under Matthews baton as part of the Sunday series at the Theatre Royal on 5 September 1920, with the first piece of music performed being Granville Bantocks Saul. He had only limited experience in any of these roles, however, the CBO committee had two candidates in mind to replace Matthews, Eugene Goossens and Adrian Boult. For a while they explored the possibility of appointing both as joint conductors, but were convinced by Ernest de Sélincourt that this idea was unworkable. The urbane, Oxford-educated Boult was also dealing with influential local citizens. Boult brought a vision for the orchestras future, building on Matthews foundations. Some of the conductors in Europe were brought in to guest conduct, including Bruno Walter, Pierre Monteux, Ernest Ansermet. The orchestra made its first commercial recording in 1925. and building up the diary of out-of-town concerts. The advance made within a season is so considerable as to be remarkable

7.
Ivor Novello
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Ivor Novello, born David Ivor Davies, was a Welsh composer and actor who became one of the most popular British entertainers of the first half of the 20th century. He was born into a family and his first successes were as a songwriter. His first big hit was Keep the Home Fires Burning, which was popular during the First World War. His 1917 show, Theodore & Co, was a wartime hit, after the war, Novello contributed numbers to several successful musical comedies and was eventually commissioned to write the scores of complete shows. He wrote his musicals in the style of operetta and often composed his music to the librettos of Christopher Hassall, in the 1920s, he turned to acting, first in British films and then on stage, with considerable success in both. He starred in two silent films directed by Alfred Hitchcock, The Lodger and Downhill, on stage, he played the title character in the first London production of Liliom. Novello briefly went to Hollywood, but he returned to Britain. The best known of these were Glamorous Night and The Dancing Years, from the 1930s, he often performed with Zena Dare, writing parts for her in his works. He continued to write for film, but he had his biggest late successes with stage musicals, Perchance to Dream, Kings Rhapsody and Gays the Word. Novello was born in Cardiff, Wales, to David Davies, a rent collector for the city council, and his wife, Clara Novello Davies, as a boy, Novello was a successful singer in the Welsh Eisteddfod. Another of his mothers associates was Clara Butt, who taught him to sing Abide with Me when he was a boy of six, Novello was educated privately in Cardiff and then in Gloucester, where he studied harmony and counterpoint with Herbert Brewer, the cathedral organist. From there he won a scholarship to Magdalen College School in Oxford and he later said that this prolonged youthful exposure to early sacred choral music had turned his tastes, in reaction, to lush romantic music. Although Brewer had told him he would not have a career in music, Novello from his early youth showed a facility for writing songs, after leaving school, he gave piano lessons in Cardiff, and then moved to London in 1913 with his mother. They took a flat above the Strand Theatre, which became his London home for the rest of his life, in London he found a mentor in Sir Edward Marsh, a well-known patron of the arts. Marsh encouraged him to compose and introduced him to people who could help his career and he adopted part of his mothers maiden name, Novello as his professional surname, although he did not change it legally until 1927. In other respects, the war had less impact on Novello than on many men of his age. He avoided enlistment until June 1916, when he reported to a Royal Naval Air Service training depot as a probationary flight sub-lieutenant. After twice crashing an aeroplane, and with the influence of Marsh, Novello continued to write songs while serving in the RNAS

8.
Arnold Bax
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Sir Arnold Edward Trevor Bax KCVO was an English composer, poet, and author. His prolific output includes songs, choral music, chamber pieces, and solo piano works, in addition to a series of symphonic poems he wrote seven symphonies and was for a time widely regarded as the leading British symphonist. Bax was born in the London suburb of Streatham to a prosperous family and he was encouraged by his parents to pursue a career in music, and his private income enabled him to follow his own path as a composer without regard for fashion or orthodoxy. Consequently, he came to be regarded in musical circles as an important, while still a student at the Royal Academy of Music Bax became fascinated with Ireland and Celtic culture, which became a strong influence on his early development. In the years before the First World War he lived in Ireland and became a member of Dublin literary circles, writing fiction, later, he developed an affinity with Nordic culture, which for a time superseded his Celtic influences in the years after the First World War. Between 1910 and 1920 Bax wrote a large amount of music, including the symphonic poem Tintagel, during this period he formed a lifelong association with the pianist Harriet Cohen – at first an affair, then a friendship, and always a close professional relationship. In the 1920s he began the series of seven symphonies which form the heart of his orchestral output, in 1942 Bax was appointed Master of the Kings Music, but composed little in that capacity. In his last years he found his music regarded as old-fashioned, from the 1960s onwards, mainly through a growing number of commercial recordings, his music was gradually rediscovered, although little of it is regularly heard in the concert hall. Bax was born in the London suburb of Streatham, Surrey and he was the eldest son of Alfred Ridley Bax and his wife, Charlotte Ellen, née Lea. The couples youngest son, Clifford Lea Bax, became a playwright, Alfred Bax was a barrister of the Middle Temple, but having a private income he did not practise. In 1896 the family moved to a mansion in Hampstead, Bax later wrote that although it would have been good to be raised in the country, the large gardens of the family house were the next best thing. He was a child, I cannot remember the long-lost day when I was unable to play the piano – inaccurately. After a preparatory school in Balham, Bax attended the Hampstead Conservatoire during the 1890s, the establishment was run – with considerable personal pomp, according to Bax – by Cecil Sharp, whose passion for English folk-song and folk-dance excited no response in his pupil. In 1900 Bax moved on to the Royal Academy of Music, Corder was a devotee of the works of Wagner, whose music was Baxs principal inspiration in his early years. He later observed, For a dozen years of my youth I wallowed in Wagners music to the almost total exclusion – until I became aware of Richard Strauss – of any other. Bax also discovered and privately studied the works of Debussy, whose music and his keyboard technique was formidable, but he had no desire for a career as a soloist. Unlike most of his contemporaries, he had private means that made him free to pursue his career as he chose. Among the influences on the young Bax was the Irish poet W. B, yeats, Baxs brother Clifford introduced him to Yeatss poetry and to Ireland

9.
Arthur Bliss
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Sir Arthur Edward Drummond Bliss CH KCVO was an English composer and conductor. Blisss musical training was cut short by the First World War, in the post-war years he quickly became known as an unconventional and modernist composer, but within the decade he began to display a more traditional and romantic side in his music. In the 1920s and 1930s he composed not only for the concert hall. In the Second World War, Bliss returned to England from the US to work for the BBC, after the war he resumed his work as a composer, and was appointed Master of the Queens Music. In Blisss later years, his work was respected but was thought old-fashioned, since his death, his compositions have been well represented on record, and many of his better-known works remain in the repertoire of British orchestras. Bliss was born in Barnes, a London suburb, the eldest of three sons of Francis Edward Bliss, a businessman from Massachusetts, and his second wife, Agnes Kennard née Davis. Agnes Bliss died in 1895, and the boys were brought up by their father, Bliss was educated at Bilton Grange preparatory school, Rugby and Pembroke College, Cambridge, where he studied classics, but also took lessons in music from Charles Wood. Other influences on him during his Cambridge days were Edward Elgar, whose music made an impression on him. Bliss graduated in classics and music in 1913 and then studied at the Royal College of Music in London for a year. When the First World War broke out, Bliss joined the army and his bravery earned him a mention in despatches, and he was twice wounded and once gassed. His younger brother Kennard was killed in the war, and his death affected Bliss deeply, the music scholar Byron Adams writes, Despite the apparent heartiness and equilibrium of the composers public persona, the emotional wounds inflicted by the war were deep and lasting. In 1918, Bliss converted to Roman Catholicism, among these are a concerto for wordless tenor voice, piano and strings, and Rout for wordless soprano and chamber ensemble, which received a double encore at its first performance. After the third performance of the work, at the Queens Hall under Sir Henry Wood, The Times wrote, Elgar, who attended the first performance, complained that the work was disconcertingly modern. In 1923 Blisss father, who had remarried, decided to retire in the US and he and his wife settled in California. Bliss went with them and remained there for two years, working as a conductor, lecturer, pianist and occasional critic, while there he met Gertrude Trudy Hoffmann, youngest daughter of Ralph and Gertrude Hoffmann. The marriage was happy and lasted for the rest of Blisss life, soon after the marriage, Bliss and his wife moved to England. Bliss began the 1930s with Pastoral, I was still there in the trenches with a few men, we knew the armistice had been signed, but we had been forgotten, so had a section of the Germans opposite. It was as though we were doomed to fight on till extinction

10.
William Walton
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Sir William Turner Walton, OM was an English composer. During a sixty-year career, he wrote music in several genres and styles. His best-known works include Façade, the cantata Belshazzars Feast, the Viola Concerto, born in Oldham, Lancashire, the son of a musician, Walton was a chorister and then an undergraduate at Christ Church, Oxford. On leaving the university, he was taken up by the literary Sitwell siblings, who provided him with a home and a cultural education. His earliest work of note was a collaboration with Edith Sitwell, Façade, which at first brought him notoriety as a modernist, in middle age, Walton left Britain and set up home with his young wife Susana on the Italian island of Ischia. By this time, he had ceased to be regarded as a modernist and his only full-length opera, Troilus and Cressida, was among the works to be so labelled and has made little impact in opera houses. In his last years, his works back into critical fashion, his later compositions. Walton was a worker, painstakingly perfectionist, and his complete body of work across his long career is not large. His most popular compositions continue to be performed in the twenty-first century. Walton was born into a family in Oldham, Lancashire. His father, Charles Alexander Walton, was a musician who had trained at the Royal Manchester College of Music under Charles Hallé, charless wife, Louisa Maria, had been a singer before their marriage. William Waltons musical talents were spotted when he was still a young boy and he was more successful as a singer, he and his elder brother sang in their fathers choir, taking part in performances of large-scale works by Handel, Haydn, Mendelssohn and others. Walton was sent to a school, but in 1912 his father saw a newspaper advertisement for probationer choristers at Christ Church Cathedral School in Oxford. The boy and his mother missed their intended train from Manchester to Oxford because Waltons father had spent the money for the fare in a public house. Louisa Walton had to borrow the fares from a greengrocer, although they arrived in Oxford after the entrance trials were over, Mrs Walton successfully pleaded for her son to be heard, and he was accepted. He remained at the school for the next six years. At the age of sixteen Walton became an undergraduate of Christ Church and it is sometimes said that he was Oxfords youngest undergraduate since Henry VIII, and though this is probably not correct, he was nonetheless among the youngest. He came under the influence of Hugh Allen, the dominant figure in Oxfords musical life, Allen introduced Walton to modern music, including Stravinskys Petrushka, and enthused him with the mysteries of the orchestra

11.
Peter Warlock
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Philip Arnold Heseltine, known by the pseudonym Peter Warlock, was a British composer and music critic. The Warlock name, which reflects Heseltines interest in occult practices, was used for all his musical works. He is best known as a composer of songs and other music, he also achieved notoriety in his lifetime through his unconventional. As a schoolboy at Eton College, Heseltine met the British composer Frederick Delius, after a failed student career in Oxford and London, Heseltine turned to musical journalism, while developing interests in folk-song and Elizabethan music. His first serious compositions date from around 1915, on his return to England in 1918, Heseltine began composing songs in a distinctive, original style, while building a reputation as a combative and controversial music critic. During 1920–21 he edited the music magazine The Sackbut and his most prolific period as a composer came in the 1920s, when he was based first in Wales and later at Eynsford in Kent. Through his critical writings, published under his own name, Heseltine made a contribution to the scholarship of early music. In addition, he produced a biography of Delius and wrote, edited, or otherwise assisted the production of several other books. Towards the end of his life, Heseltine became depressed by a loss of his creative inspiration and he died in his London flat of coal gas poisoning in 1930, probably by his own hand. Heseltine was born on 30 October 1894 at the Savoy Hotel, London, the family was wealthy, with strong artistic connections and some background in classical scholarship. Philips parents were Arnold Heseltine, a solicitor in the family firm and she was the daughter of a country doctor from the Welsh border town of Knighton and was Arnolds second wife. Soon after Philips birth, the moved to Chelsea where he attended a nearby kindergarten. In March 1897 Arnold Heseltine died suddenly at the age of 45, the youthful Philip was proud of his Welsh heritage and retained a lifelong interest in Celtic culture, later he would live in Wales during one of his most productive and creative phases. In 1903 Heseltine entered Stone House Preparatory School in Broadstairs, where he showed precocious academic ability, in January 1908, at a concert in the Royal Albert Hall, he heard a performance of Lebenstanz, composed by Frederick Delius. The work made little impression on him until he discovered that his uncle, Arthur Joseph Heseltine, Philip then used the connection to obtain the composers autograph for Stone Houses music teacher, W. E. Brockway. Heseltine left Stone House in the summer of 1908 and began at Eton College that autumn and his biographer Ian Parrott records that he loathed Eton, with its hearty adolescent bawling of Victorian hymns in an all-male college chapel. He was equally unhappy with aspects of school life, such as the Officers Training Corps, the suggestive homosexuality. He found relief in music and, perhaps because of the connection with his uncle and he also found a kindred spirit in an Eton music teacher and Delius advocate, the cellist Edward Mason, from whom Heseltine borrowed a copy of the score of Sea Drift

12.
W. B. Yeats
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William Butler Yeats was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th-century literature. A pillar of both the Irish and British literary establishments, he helped to found the Abbey Theatre, Yeats was a driving force behind the Irish Literary Revival along with Lady Gregory, Edward Martyn and others. He was born in Sandymount, Ireland and educated there and in London and he spent childhood holidays in County Sligo and studied poetry from an early age when he became fascinated by Irish legends and the occult. These topics feature in the first phase of his work, which lasted roughly until the turn of the 20th century. His earliest volume of verse was published in 1889, and its slow-paced and lyrical poems display Yeatss debts to Edmund Spenser, Percy Bysshe Shelley, from 1900, his poetry grew more physical and realistic. He largely renounced the transcendental beliefs of his youth, though he remained preoccupied with physical and spiritual masks, in 1923, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. Of Anglo-Irish descent, William Butler Yeats was born at Sandymount in County Dublin and his father, John Butler Yeats, was a descendant of Jervis Yeats, a Williamite soldier, linen merchant, and well-known painter who died in 1712. Benjamin Yeats, Jerviss grandson and Williams great-great-grandfather, had in 1773 married Mary Butler of a family in County Kildare. Following their marriage, they kept the name Butler in the family name, Mary was a descendant of the Butler of Ormond family from the Neigham Gowran branch of the family. They were descendants of the first Earls of Ormond, by his marriage, Williams father John Yeats was studying law but abandoned his studies to study art at Heatherleys Art School in London. His mother, Susan Mary Pollexfen, came from a merchant family in Sligo. Yeats was raised a member of the Protestant Ascendancy, which was at the time undergoing a crisis of identity. In 1997, his biographer R. F. Foster observed that Napoleons dictum that to understand the man you have to know what was happening in the world when he was twenty is manifestly true of W. B. Y. Yeatss childhood and young adulthood were shadowed by the power-shift away from the minority Protestant Ascendancy, the 1880s saw the rise of Charles Stewart Parnell and the home rule movement, the 1890s saw the momentum of nationalism, while the Catholics became prominent around the turn of the century. These developments had an effect on his poetry, and his subsequent explorations of Irish identity had a significant influence on the creation of his countrys biography. In 1867, the moved to England to aid their father, John. At first the Yeats children were educated at home and their mother entertained them with stories and Irish folktales. John provided an education in geography and chemistry, and took William on natural history explorations of the nearby Slough countryside