If Charcoal is used as an amendment of Soil it is called Biochar. Bio char comes in the form of solid which is very stable and contains very high carbon content and can push endurance of soil for elongated periods of time. Similar to charcoal biochar is derived from biomass through the process of pyrolysis. It is yet to be scientifically determined that biochar can be used for the long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Through carbon sequestration, it has the power to control greenhouse gases which in turn helps moderate the climatic conditions. It can also help soils with low acid content and increases crop yield.

Biochar can help soil by elevating productivity and also inhibits the microbial issues by protecting the soil. Because of the property of carbon sequestration bio char can help reduce the carbon dioxide emissions, nitrous oxide while consuming and producing energy.

The two properties adsorption and stability are helpful in attacking the most immediate environmental hiccups such as:

Degradation of soil

Pollution of water by agricultural chemicals

Change in the climatic conditions.

Most of the benefits of Bio char are due to porous nature of it. It is proved that biochar is most effective in possessing water and nutrients. Recent technological studies have produced the results that it can also help reduce leaching and increase the productivity of crops that need soil with less acidic content and high potash content. It is hygroscopic in nature which means it can retain water content or nutrients that are water soluble. This is because of its highly porous nature and surface area.

Biochar consists of higher capacity for cationic exchange. It can maintain a stable crystal lattice structure. It has a higher organic content which aids in the growth of plants. It can be prepared by the process called pyrolysis which means heating a substance in a limited supply of oxygen. During this process as biomass is combusted, it releases a lot of biofuels and energy as byproducts. Manufacturing of Biochar is regarded a carbon negative process which aids the carbon sequestration. One of the byproducts which are a chemical energy called synthetic gas which mostly consists of hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas. Synthetic gas is combustible and can release energy on a large basis. One of the other byproducts is bio-oil which is also a fuel itself.

Preparing Biochar is an ancient process so any farmer with a manageable amount of biomass can prepare a required amount of biochar for his needs. It can reduce the emission of nitrates and phosphates into the soil.

Bio-oil comprises of a complex mixture of oxygenated hydrocarbons with a better portion of water. Bio-oil is attracting the businesses because of the way it is transportable, storable, and a potential substitution of diesel or fuel oil in stationary applications that include boilers, heaters, motors, and turbines for this and upcoming generations. Nonetheless, it can’t be utilized straightforwardly as a vehicle fuel unless it is overhauled, which is usually possible yet costly. Bio-oil can be a source of various crucial substance items, for example, acetic acid, sugars, resins, food flavors, slow discharge manures, adhesives, and additives.