Did you use password encryption or was device encryption included as part or all of the encryption? If device was included, then there's nothing you can do other than trying to revive the old phone.

If it's password encryption, then if the "system" folder is still on the sd card with the file in it it should work with a different phone by using the same password on that phone. Since you are having problems, it sounds like the encryption included device as part of the encryption.