Based on the results presented here, we hypothesize that ROS production in wat1 -null mutant cells generates DNA fragmentation that could trigger a checkpoint response and that, in the absence of checkpoint kinase Chk1, the cells exhibit severe growth defects leading to a synthetic lethal phenotype. (genetics.org)

These subunits induce intracellular responses that can be highly polarized when a cell experiences a gradient of chemoattractant. (jove.com)

Su, Changqing 2018-02-01 00:00:00 Protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B (B56), alpha isoform (PPP2R5A) is one of the regulatory subunits of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which is a major member of protein serine/threonine phosphatases in cells. (deepdyve.com)

Thrombopoietin, essential for megakaryopoiesis and very important for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis, has also been found to promote DNA repair in a highly selective manner. (frontiersin.org)

Activation of the cellular DNA damage response (DDR) is an important determinant of cell sensitivity to cisplatin and other chemotherapeutic drugs that eliminate tumor cells through induction of DNA damage. (aacrjournals.org)

We are interested in identifying the activities responsible for the formation and resolution of these intermediates, and the regulatory circuits that integrate these processes with the meiotic cell cycle. (cancer.gov)

7 - 9 ] The inactive NF-κB is present in the cytoplasm in most cell types and it can be activated by a variety of extra-cellular stimuli such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, bacterial lipopolysaccharides, and viral RNA and DNA, via the activation of membrane and cytosolic receptors. (jcmtjournal.com)

2 ] DSB can be induced by environmental exposure such as ultraviolet (UV) or ionizing radiation (IR), as well as by endogenous agents like reactive oxygen species generated by cell metabolism. (jcmtjournal.com)

This study particularly focuses on DNA damage-induced NF-κB signaling cascade and its physiological and pathological significance in B cell development and cancer therapeutic resistance. (jcmtjournal.com)

In a panel of oral/laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines, we observed deficiencies in DNA damage signaling in correlation with cisplatin resistance, but not with DNA repair. (aacrjournals.org)

Following treatment with cisplatin or carboplatin, nascent DNA strands were on average up to 39% shorter in cells lacking pol eta than in cells expressing pol eta, consistent with a role for pol eta in bypass of platinum-induced lesions during DNA replication in vivo. (nuigalway.ie)

Using network analysis, we found that differential activation of the SP1 and NUPR1 transcriptional regulators was predicted in directly irradiated and bystander H1299 cells. (springer.com)

Transcription factor prediction analysis also implied that HIF1α (Hypoxia induced factor 1 alpha) activation by protein stabilization in irradiated cells could be a negative predictor of the bystander response, suggesting that local hypoxic stress experienced by cells directly exposed to radiation may influence whether or not they will elicit a bystander response in neighboring cells. (springer.com)

Here, we quantitatively measure temporal and spatial changes of receptor occupancy, G-protein activation by FRET imaging, and PIP3 levels by monitoring the dynamics of PH(Crac)-GFP translocation in single living cells in response to different chemoattractant fields. (jove.com)

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are known to regulate virtually all aspects of cell biology and comprise the single largest family of targets for current pharmaceuticals (reviewed in ref. 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)