In History of Slavery, the British Empire was the first colonial power which enslaved the peoples of South-Africa.

Here, Mandela demonstrates his loyality to the British slaveholders.

There is no better proof for his reactionary political position than this picture: "Slaves - love your slaveholders!"

Message of the Comintern (SH)

on occasion of Nelson Mandela’s death

December 5, 2013

On December 5th, 2013, Nelson Mandela died.

This South African anti-communist was immediately praised by the mass media owned and controlled by world capitalism-imperialism as a “freedom fighter”. In the same manner, also the revisionists and social-fascists from all over the world didn’t hesitate in eulogizing him as “an hero of democracy” and “the father of South African multiracial state”. But reality is something else very different and even opposite to the wishes of reactionaries of all types. In truth, the largely overestimated praises that are being directed by imperialists and revisionists towards Mandela have a very well-defined class objective: to defend the anti-communist nature of Mandela’s policies and ideology; to applaud him as a sworn enemy of the dictatorship of the proletariat. This is the reason why all those hypocrites who spent decades actively supporting racist Apartheid regime while calling “terrorist” to the ANC and enriching thanks to the repressive rule of white bourgeoisie against revolutionary workers are now “crying” for Mandela.

But let’s recall things from the beginning. Mandela was born in 1918 in a black family with considerable assets due to its links to tribal leadership. Contrary to what happened with the immense majority of young black people, who lived in total penury and were condemned to remain analphabet without any access to education, Mandela always enjoyed from a comfortable life, attended expensive bourgeois schools and he was even authorized to study Law at university, something impossible to 99% of black people in racist South Africa. So, Mandela’s origins and course are very far from being proletarian. After already being a lawyer, Mandela entered the youth wing of the famous “African National Congress”. The ANC had emerged in consequence of the demands of South African black bourgeoisie which had been banned from owning and control over the country’s means of production and workforce. This black bourgeoisie wanted to freely exploit South Africa in order to accumulate profits just like the white pro-Apartheid bourgeoisie was doing. It was this situation that caused Mandela to appear as a progressive bourgeois democrat who was fighting against Apartheid.

Of course, white bourgeoisie enjoyed from an immensely privileged class position thanks to its alliance with Western imperialism (American, British, French, West German, etc.) which allowed it to maintain its oppressive rule over both black and white South African workers which lived literally as slaves without rights. In such conditions, this white bourgeoisie didn’t want its exploitative class reign to be disturbed by the aspirations of black bourgeoisie. That’s why the Apartheid regime criminalized and repressed the ANC and that’s why its racist ideologues who had long been involved in anti-communist propaganda equating communism with evil started to spread the myth that Mandela’s ANC would be supposedly “communist”. They affirmed this to inculcate fear among black workers – who constitute the immense majority of the country’s population - and to prevent them from being seduced by the ANC’s promises of a better life for them. Such propaganda from the racist ideologues apparently seemed to be confirmed by the fact that the ANC sought support from the South African “Communist” Party, which by that time was nothing more than a bourgeois-reformist party, a lackey of Soviet social-imperialists. Indeed, Soviet revisionists uphold Mandela and the ANC not because these were genuine revolutionaries struggling to construct socialism in South Africa, but because they were very useful to be used as puppets of Soviet neo-colonialist penetration in Africa. The aim of Soviet social-imperialists in supporting the ANC was not to advance the cause of communism, but to replace the dominion of white compradore bourgeoisie at the service of Western imperialism by the dominion of black compradore bourgeoisie at their own service. Mandela himself openly stated many times that the ANC had nothing to do with a communist proletarian party:

"The ANC is not a communist party (…). Anyone (…) which respects the organization’s principles and discipline has the right to belong to its ranks.” (Mandela quoted in: Salim Lamrani, 50 verdades sobre Nelson Mandela, December 7, 2013, translated from edition in Portuguese, http://resistir.info/africa/mandela_06dez13.html)

So, as can be seen, Mandela’s ANC was very far from having a working class character, let alone being a Bolshevik party fighting for proletarian dictatorship. It started by being a bourgeois movement of somewhat “democratic” features that combated white rule. Later, it would eventually be transformed into a social-fascist party, because bourgeois opportunism always inevitably ends up originating any form of fascism.

But let’s return to historical events. Soviet social-imperialists decided to help Mandela’s ANC to take power in South African in order to transform the country into a Soviet neo-colony. However, instead of being openly involved and of being subjected to suffer direct defeats, Soviet imperialist bourgeois class preferred to utilize one of their already existent puppets to provide support for the ANC: Castroist Cuba. As Mandela would say:

“Cuban revolution has been an inspiration for world peoples who fight for their freedom. Cuban internationalists gave a contribution to the independence, freedom and justice in Africa which has no parallel due to the principles and altruism that characterize it. (…) When we visited Cuba we were received by the highest state ministers who immediately provided us with everything we needed and wanted. This was our experience with Cuban internationalism.” (Mandela quoted in: Salim Lamrani, 50 verdades sobre Nelson Mandela, December 7, 2013, translated from edition in Portuguese, http://resistir.info/africa/mandela_06dez13.html)

Mandela calls “uninterested internationalism” and “contribution to freedom, independence and justice” to the willingness of Castroists to please their Soviet imperialist masters by helping the representatives of South African black bourgeoisie to turn their country into a camp of plunder and profit maximization of Soviet neo-colonialists. This is in the least a very curious form of “uninterested internationalism”! And the ANC willingly played this game. Mandela didn’t hesitate in explicitly eulogizing Cuban revisionist regime in spite of the fact that it is as repressive and exploitative as the Apartheid regime was at the time. Both of them can be considered as bourgeois dictatorships where workers are exploited to the bone in benefit of the greedy interests of, respectively, Soviet social-imperialists and Western imperialists. In his speeches and public declarations, Mandela would often praise Che Guevara, whose revisionist and anti-socialist ideology and actions had long been unmasked by comrade Enver Hoxha. According to Mandela:

“Guevara’s revolutionary doings – inclusively in African continent – were of such magnitude that (…) Che’s life is an inspiration to any human being who loves freedom. We will always honor his memory.” (Mandela quoted in: Salim Lamrani, 50 verdades sobre Nelson Mandela, December 7, 2013, translated from edition in Portuguese, http://resistir.info/africa/mandela_06dez13.html)

In truth, Guevara was one of the founders of Cuban social-fascism which until nowadays denies Cuban exploited and oppressed classes even the most basic freedoms. Nobody loves freedom more than us, Stalinists-Hoxhaists, who dedicate our lives struggling for a classless, stateless and propertyless society, struggling for genuine freedom, struggling for global communism. But contrary to what Mandela insinuates, if we truly love freedom then we must see Guevara’s life not as an inspiration, but as an example of what must be avoided if we want to lead and educate ourselves and others in the spirit of authentic Bolshevism.

In the meantime, Mandela and the ANC continued to fight for the overthrown of white bourgeoisie’s rule supported by Western imperialism. They did this in favor of the interests of their own social-imperialist bosses, hoping that, in this manner, these would allow the rule of black bourgeoisie to replace the rule of white bourgeoisie. In 1988, their goals knew an important encouragement with the defeat of South African racist army at the hands of Cuban-Angolan social-fascist army at Cuito Canavale (more informations about Cuban revisionism and the Cuito Canavale battle are available in our article “Down with Cuban revisionism!”). Promptly, Mandela and many other revisionists all over the world started to describe this clash between the lackeys of Western imperialism and the lackeys of Soviet social-imperialism as having been “Africa’s Stalingrad”. In first place, it is a tremendous insult to all those who perished in Stalingrad defending Stalinist state of proletarian dictatorship against Nazi-fascist imperialism to compare them with the mercenaries combating each other to see what of the imperialist superpowers of the time would be in a better position to turn Africa into a giant and extremely profitable neo-colony. Anyway, the defeat at Cuito Canavale forced pro-Western Apartheid regime to make some concessions to Mandela’s ANC. And the famous process of alleged “end of the Apartheid regime” in South Africa started. Today, many revisionists still insist in the lie that the intervention of Cuban mercenaries was decisive to the end of racist regimes in Southern Africa. This is false. What occurred is that the Western imperialists which uphold those regimes finally understood the dangers that their openly racist, fascist and anti-communist nature could represent to the survival of their imperialist interests and of capitalism itself. The naked form in which the racist, exploitative and bourgeois character of the state was revealed in such regimes could jeopardize the necessity of keeping workers away from the acquirement of an authentic communist consciousness and ideology. This together with the disappearance of Soviet imperialism led Western imperialisms to adopt apparently “democratic” solutions to the region which could mislead proletarians by detaching them from true socialism and making them believe that “changes” going on “proved” that they were now living in a true democracy. All this while always safeguarding their neo-colonialist class interests and searching for profit maximization in the zone. So, in the end, Mandela’s ANC was very useful also to Western imperialists and rapidly started serving them. Indeed, this explains why after being in power, the ANC quickly “forgot” all the former deceitful “leftist” slogans (like agrarian reform, etc.) and explicitly embraced capitalism of neo-liberal type delivering South Africa to world imperialism as much as the Apartheid regime had done before.

As for the much propagandized legend about the alleged role played by Mandela in “ending Apartheid”, this is one more lie. Apartheid was never eliminated from South Africa because its material bases and socio-economic structures remained untouched. Capitalist exploitation and wage slavery were kept as intense as before and owning of means of production by the bourgeois class was never challenged. Nowadays, just like occurred in times of official Apartheid, the vast majority of black population lives in the most abhorrent destitution suffering harsh repression at the hands of Zuma social-fascist regime. This situation was made possible thanks to Mandela’s pacifist tendencies which despised black and white workers’ aspirations for real changes and replaced official Apartheid by unofficial one through keeping bourgeois power alive. The only manner through which South African workers could effectively annihilate Apartheid, racism, fascism, oppression, exploitation and all other evils inherent to capitalism is through establishing proletarian dictatorship in accord with the teachings of the 5 Classics of Marxism-Leninism: Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin and Enver Hoxha. Everything else is revisionist garbage and anti-communist pacifism. Contrary to what the Ghandis and the Mandelas of this planet affirm, pacifism is not an ideology of peace. It is an ideology of war, of the relentless war waged by the bourgeois class against world proletarians and workers with the purpose of making maximum profits through exploiting and oppressing them. And it is this class war that still goes on in South Africa and all over the world. Mandela’s supposed “avoidance of a civil war” meant that socio-economic relations and ownership from the times of Apartheid remained unhurt in the country. The only relevant difference is that besides white ruling bourgeoisie there is also a black bourgeoisie which is as oppressive and exploitative as the former one and which is not even entirely a product of post-Apartheid times. Already during official Apartheid, when Botha was prime-minister, the formation of a tiny black bourgeoisie was encouraged as a manner to shut up black demands.

In 1993, world imperialists were so happy with Mandela’s services to them that they even awarded him the infamous “Nobel peace prize” which is given every year to those who reveal outstanding capacities to defend world bourgeois-capitalist order. But behind the fake myths surrounding Mandela, all that remains is an anti-communist figure which never wanted anything to do with socialism but only the emergence of a black capitalist society. Bourgeois-democrat journalist John Pilger recalls:

“(…) two years before Mandela was liberated, the ANC reached an important agreement with the white Afrikaner elite in several reunions in Mells Park House. (…) Among the participants there were corporations which had supported Apartheid. In July, 5th, 1989, Mandela was authorized to leave the prison to have an encounter with Botha, the president of the white minority (…). Mandela was flattered because Botha had served the tea. (…) During the 80’s, Botha regime offered generous sums and incentives to black entrepreneurs (…) A black bourgeoisie quickly emerged (…) the leaders of the ANC started to live in large estates with golf. (…) Inequalities among black people knew an enormous rise. (…) In the poor suburbs, the people felt no changes and continued to be expelled from their houses just like had occurred during Apartheid. (…) Mandela also encouraged relations with white wealthy business people, including with the ones which had benefited from the Apartheid regime. He considered that this was part of the “reconciliation”.”(John Pilger, A luta contra o Apartheid recomeçou na África do Sul, 10, April 2008, translated from edition in Portuguese, http://www.resistir.info/pilger/pilger_10abr08.html)

So, as can be concluded, what Mandela sought was class “reconciliation” between exploited and exploiters in order to allow oppression to continue and everything to remain the same. Later, when confronted with the fact that the policies of the ANC had in fact meant the continuation of the selling of South Africa to world imperialism and were brutally capitalist, Mandela affirmed:

“(…) you can call them whatever you want, but privatization is a fundamental policy to us.” (John Pilger, O legado manchado de Mandela, 11th July, 2013, translated from edition in Portuguese, http://resistir.info/pilger/pilger_11jul13_p.html)

South Africa is nowadays the world’s second most unequal country (only behind Brazil). It is a nation where both white and black workers live in the most absolute misery and subjected to wild levels of oppression and exploitation of all kinds:

“South Africa is a nation where the levels of poverty and inequality are desperate, where the ANC government allowed transnational corporations to avoid paying for having polluted the soil and poisoning the people, where the ANC government was induced by British companies of heavy armaments to buy 24 Hawks, each one of them worth 21,4 millions of euros and were by far the most expensive option. (…) In 2004, the extreme-rightist Adam Smith Institute was paid 7,9 millions of euros to elaborate “plans” to “restructure” South African economy promoting “business to business” links between British and South African companies whose only interest is making profits. (…) The vast majority of South Africans didn’t forget the “unbreakable electoral promise” of the ANC – that one third of arable land would be redistributed until 2000. Today, less than 4% is redistributed. In the meantime, the expulsion of the poor from their houses, together with lack of water and the omnipresence of destitution continue.”(John Pilger, A luta contra o Apartheid recomeçou na África do Sul, 10, April 2008, translated from edition in Portuguese, http://www.resistir.info/pilger/pilger_10abr08.html)

What a tremendous contrast with the “promises” Mandela had made in the early 90’s, when he promised that “we will be always at the side of the poor and of those who have no rights. We will ensure that the people will rule.” (Mandela quoted in: Salim Lamrani, 50 verdades sobre Nelson Mandela, December 7, 2013, translated from edition in Portuguese, http://resistir.info/africa/mandela_06dez13.html) But what could we expect from a bourgeois-capitalist politician like Mandela? No matter how many ridiculous legends and myths world capitalists-imperialists spread around him, the truth will always remain the same: Mandela is the kind of “idol” that global bourgeois class loves to cultivate in order to prevent South African and world exploited and oppressed classes from embracing Marxism-Leninism-Stalinism-Hoxhaism.

As we had already stated, it was Mandela’s anti-communism, “reconciliation policy” and pacifism that opened the path towards black fascism that rules today’s South Africa. One just has to recall the 2012 Marikana massacre in which 34 miners were slaughtered when asking for better life and work conditions – and which was widely reported by the Comintern (SH) in our South African site – to understand that bourgeois-capitalist-imperialist class violence, exploitation, oppression and repression continue just like in the times of official Apartheid. White fascism was replaced by black fascism, just like official Apartheid was replaced by unofficial Apartheid. But fascism, racism, capitalism, imperialism are always equally exploitative and oppressive, independently of the skin color of those who originate, defend and try to perpetuate them.

Nowadays, the social-fascist Zuma regime that has been in power since 2007 is both the representative of South African bourgeoisie which has imperialist aspirations over African continent and the lackey of Chinese imperialist penetration in the country. Already in 2001, George Soros, one of the world’s wealthiest capitalists, recognized that:

“South Africa is in the hands of international capital.” (Soros quoted in: John Pilger, O legado manchado de Mandela, 11th July, 2013, translated from edition in Portuguese, http://resistir.info/pilger/pilger_11jul13_p.html)

According to the department of trade and industry of South Africa:

“There are currently 47 major Chinese investments in South Africa. Most are in the infrastructure and construction industries, representing 25 percent of the total number of Chinese firms currently investing in the country. From 2005, trade between South Africa and China enjoyed significant growth. In 2009 China became the largest trading partner of South Africa, followed by the United States, Japan and Germany. Three months into 2011, the trade statistics between the two countries showed a total goods value of R18.8 billion exported from South Africa to China, and R20.8 billion worth of goods imported into South Africa. The top three export products are mineral products, base metals and natural or cultured pearls. The top three import products from China are machinery and mechanical appliances, electrical equipment, textiles and base metals. The following is a list of some of the Chinese companies that are established in South Africa:

• Bank of China Johannesburg Branch

• China Construction Bank Johannesburg Branch

• Great Wall Motors (SA) – Subsidiary of Great Wall

Motors

• Hisense South Africa – Subsidiary of Hisense

• HSBC African Branch

• Huawei Technologies Africa – Subsidiary of Huawei

Group

• LiuGong Machinery South Africa – Subsidiary of

LiuGong Machinery Corporation

• Shantui South African Branch

• Sinosteel South Africa – Subsidiary of Sinosteel Group

• South Ocean Holdings (Pty) Ltd

• Wesizwe – Subsidiary of Jinchuan

• Zoomlion South Africa – subsidiary of Zoomlion.” (KPMG, Investing in South Africa and Africa, 2013, edition in English http://www.kpmg.com/Africa/en/IssuesAndInsights/Articles-Publications/Press-Releases/Documents/China%20desk%20brochure_English2.pdf)

And as if this was not enough, Chinese imperialist corporations of construction want to make outrageous profits through building luxury edifices to financial capitalists in a country where millions of people live with much less than 1$ per day:

“A Chinese property company has pledged to build South Africa a new financial hub. On Nov. 4, Shanghai Zendai unveiled plans to transform Modderfontein, a manufacturing district in eastern Johannesburg, into a multi-use financial center “on par with cities like New York… or Hong Kong,” said Zendai chairman Dai Zhikang. The firm said it will spend about $7.8 billion over the next 15 years.” (Lily Kuo, China wants to make a Johannesburg suburb into the “New York of Africa”, November 7, 2013, edition in English, http://qz.com/144216/china-wants-to-make-a-johannesburg-suburb-into-the-new-york-of-africa/#144216/china-wants-to-make-a-johannesburg-suburb-into-the-new-york-of-africa/)

And there is more:

“South Africa’s top exports to China are iron ore, steel and other metals and Chinese investment in South Africa tilts toward the extractive industry. Between 2007 and 2008, the six largest Chinese investments in the country were in the mining industry. (…) Chinese telecom firms provide equipment to South Africa’s telecom industry. Beijing Automotive Works invested RS 196 million ($19 million) in a new taxi plant in the country last year. In August, a Chinese company bought a wine cellar and vineyards in South Africa, the first kind of such investment by any Asian firm. China’s state television also bought a stake in one of South Africa’s biggest newspaper chains.” (Lily Kuo, China wants to make a Johannesburg suburb into the “New York of Africa, November 7, 2013, edition in English, http://qz.com/144216/china-wants-to-make-a-johannesburg-suburb-into-the-new-york-of-africa/#144216/china-wants-to-make-a-johannesburg-suburb-into-the-new-york-of-africa/)

But South African bourgeoisie is also strengthening its pretensions as a regional imperialist power. This can be seen in Mozambique:

“Trade between Mozambique and South Africa has grown from US$1.4 billion in 2007 to US$2.4 in 2010 (…). South Africa exported 2.65% of its exported total products to Mozambique. Major products exported by South Africa to Mozambique include mineral fuels, machinery, electrical and electronic equipments, iron and steel, vehicles, sugars, and plastics, according to 2010 trade statistics.” (South African High Commission in Maputo, edition in English, http://www.dfa.gov.za/maputo/trade.html)

“A new wave of investment, led by Portuguese and South African companies, has come into the country. Large flagship investments such as the Mozal aluminum smelting project tied to the Spatial Development Initiative (Maputo Development Corridor/SDI) have seen huge capital inflows tied to these specific projects in the last few years. One of the frameworks for national development in Mozambique is the Maputo Development Corridor (MDC), a public-private initiative for development (Pretorius, 1999). The MDC is one of a host of SDI’s launched by the South African government. Consisting of industrial and construction enterprises clustered around the N4 road that stretches from Johannesburg directly to the port of Maputo, the MDC was jointly launched two years ago by the Presidents of Mozambique and South Africa. The project seeks to identify potential port/rail/EPZ complexes in underdeveloped target areas that could attract investors and promote business. The partnership would entail significant outlays of public funds by the state joining up with private investors. Retail expansion is another significant South African investment trend in Mozambique. As one of the largest retail multinationals in South Africa, Shoprite made R70m/$10m available for reinvestment in Africa in 1999 (Shoprite Company reports, 1999 – 2005, www.shoprite.co.za.). With an overtraded local market, it leveraged its powerful conglomerate towards an African expansion. General Equity unit trusts at seven per cent make up the third biggest slice in South African retail behind banks, financial services and mining resources, the same sectors expanding in Africa.” (Darlene Miller, New Regional Expectations and South African Retail Investment in Mozambique, edition in English, http://www.iese.ac.mz/lib/publication/

livros/South/IESE_South_4.RegExp.pdf)

And the exploitative and oppressive tentacles of South African imperialism can also be seen in other African countries like Botswana:

“Zuma and Khama also signed cooperation agreements on energy and coal-based energy projects, and discussed the development of the Mmamabula coal-fired power station and the need to expedite cross-border transport and infrastructure projects such as roads and bridges. (…) During his visit, Zuma addressed the Botswana-South Africa business seminar, which sought to encourage business linkages between the two countries. Over 100 business people representing South Africa's agri-processing, mining, construction, energy, ICT/telecoms, infrastructure and financial services sectors met with their Botswana counterparts at the Gaborone International Conference Centre. The delegates were led by Trade and Industry Minister Rob Davies, together with other government departments and Brand South Africa. "We are looking forward to visiting Botswana with a large delegation of business people who are keen to identify and pursue trade and investment opportunities that exist between the various sectors in our two countries," Brand South Africa CEO Miller Matola said ahead of Wednesday's seminar. Strong economic ties already exist between the two countries, and South Africa remains Botswana's major trading partner. South African companies have a huge presence in Botswana and are involved in various sectors, including mining, housing, food and beverages, construction, retail, hotels and leisure, banking and medical services.” (SANews, Botswana step up relations, 31 August, 2012, edition in English http://www.southafrica.info/news/international/botswana-310812.htm)

And Zimbabwe:

“South Africa-based company JM Busha Investments plans to set up an investment bank in Zimbabwe in a bid to expand its business in the region.” (JM Busha, South Africa based group to set up investment bank in Zimbabwe, September 4, 2013, edition in English, http://nehandaradio.com/2013/09/04/south-africa-based-group-to-set-up-investment-bank-in-zimbabwe/)

In face of this situation, workers must learn how to use the inevitable contradictions arising from the double character of South African bourgeoisie as both a bourgeoisie of compradore type and an imperialist bourgeoisie. On one side it will easily enter in contradiction with Chinese social-imperialist bourgeoisie and with American, British, French, etc. imperialist bourgeoisie relatively to dominion over African continent. On the other side, due to its inherent exploitative and oppressive nature, it will also enter in contradiction with proletariat’s and workers’ aspirations to freedom and socialism.

South African exploited and oppressed classes have revolutionary traditions. One day, South African proletariat will join the glorious world red army and will valiantly struggle until the complete triumph of world socialist revolution, of world socialism and of world communism. Due to its own bitter experience, South African proletariat knows very well that without defending and establishing proletarian dictatorship, genuine emancipation from capitalist-imperialist exploitation is impossible. In their quest for defeating and eliminating oppressors of all colors, South African workers can always count with the invincible steel leadership of the Comintern (SH) – the only authentically communist and proletarian organization in today’s world.

South African and world workers - unite!

Down with Mandela’s anti-communist role and legacy!

Pacifism = war of the bourgeoisie against exploited and oppressed classes!

Sharpeville and Marikana – two bloody episodes caused by same bourgeois class violence!

Down with both open and hidden Apartheid!

Only proletarian dictatorship can definitively remove the inevitability of fascism, racism, capitalism, imperialism and exploitation from all types and colours!

South African proletariat and working classes – unmask the anti-communist nature of Mandela and of the ANC!

Follow and defend Marxism-Leninism-Stalinism-Hoxhaism – it shows the path towards your complete liberation from all kinds of exploitation and oppression!

Defeat reactionary and fascist Zuma regime!

Say no to the maintenance of South Africa as a neo-colony of world imperialists!

Say no to the imperialist expansion of South African bourgeoisie over Africa!

A people that allows the bourgeoisie of its country to oppress other peoples can never be free!

Long live the 5 Classics of Marxism-Leninism: Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin and Enver Hoxha!

Long live world socialist revolution and world proletarian dictatorship!

Long live world socialism and world communism!

Long live the Comintern (SH)!

Two representatives of the white and black bourgeoisie of South-Africa

finally united

for the common exploitation and oppression of the working class

Mandela and Archbishop Tutu

Collaboration with the church

- sanctification of slavery in Africa.

Tutu - religious "opium-dealer" for enslaving the spirit of the black peoples of South Africa

* * *

"No matter whether the color of the chains is "black" or "white", the African proletariat will break the entire chain of capitalism, together with the proletarians of all other continents - in the great world socialist revolution."