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Mt. Vernon Democratic banner (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1853), 1862-12-27

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il M'M" '. . VOLUME XXVI. MOUNT. VERNON, OHIO: SATURDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1862. NUMBER 37. Sjic gcmocrafic aiuur 13 FCBUSHEP KTERT SATTRPAY MORNING BY L. HARPER. Ofllco in Woodward Block, 3d Story. TERMS. Two Dollars per annum, payable in ad-rance; $2.50 within six months; $3.00 after the expiration of the year. i. hi I SI EDITED BY L. HARPER. Negro Votes in Lorain County. The Wayne County Dc7nocrat copies our reply to the Sandusky Register, in regard to the negro voters of Lorain county, and says : The Sandusky Register may deny, with whatever amount of vehement asservations it pleases to adopt, that negroes voted in Lorain county at the late election, and still the fact that they did vote remains to convict them of an utter disregard of all law and all decency. Negroes as black as any that live in Africa, deposited votes in Russia township, Lorain county, and we have no doubt that there are a few Republicans about Oberlin who will not deny the fact, if they are put on oath. If the assertion is controverted, evidence can be produced to prove it beyond the possibility of the shadow of a doubt." The "Situation" in Arkansas. The Memphis Argus on the authority of a reliable gentleman, from Arkansas, states the rebels have a force of 55,000 armed men in that State 30,000 under Gen. Hindman, and 5,000 under Major General Uolmes. Gen. Holmes' forces at last accounts were on the east side of White river, all the troops between the river and the Mississippi being guerrillas. The prices of provisions and wearing apparel in Arkansas do not present flattering inducements for poor men to emigrate thither. Bacon is quoted in Little Rock at 50 to GOc. per pound ; flour, $72 to $100 per barrel ; corn, 75c. to $1 per bushel. Nothing seems to have been grown this year in Arkansas but corn, and corn dodgers are the chief article of subsistence. Coffee is not to be had at any price. Quinine was selling at from $45 to $G0 per ounce and verj scarce. The little in the country has been smuggled from points on the Mississippi. m The Suspicion in New England that She is to be Left Out of the Union. A suspicion is growing up in New England that there may be reconstruction of the Union and she be left out of it. The Democratic papers there ar sounding the alarm to the people. The Providence (R. I.) Post says : " We publish this to show our readers whither we are drifting under the guidance of such men as Charles Sumner. The people of the country are eidenlly determined to have 'one great Republic,' butthey are not anxious that it shall include New England; and, so far as the Western Slates are concerned, the sentiment is almost universal, 'If we can not have both the South, and New England, then give us the South and let New England go The interests of the Middle States point in the same direction, and the probability is every hour growing stronger that a new Confederacy is to be formed embracing all save the New England States. 44 Our readers will bear us witness that we have often enough warned New England of what was in store for her, if this sectional quarrel was allowed to go on. We predicted the result six years ago; but the same men who assured us, all along, that Southern talk of Secession was all a rham ; that the South could not live six months without our aid, and that she 'couldn't be kicked out of the Union have ever been and are even now skeptical. They will discover one of those days that New England can be kicked out of the Union," New Orleans Congressmen. The election for members of Congress, from New Orleans took place on the 3d inst., and resulted in the choice of Benj. F. Flanders from the 1st and Michael Ilahn from the 2d District both Democrats. The total vote cast was but 538G, while the vote at the previous Congressional election was 13,424. The N. O. Delta says of the members elect : Mr. Flanders is, we believe, a native of New Hampshire, and a graduate of Dartmouth College. He has resided among us some thiity years. Michael Ilahn is an old resident of this city, where he has lived since childhood. He is a lawyer, enjoying a handsome practice, and more than ordinary ability, and has ever been a consistent Democrat and one of the strictest of his sect. A warm admirer of Mr. Douglas, he stood by the fortunes of the Little Giant eo long as there was a plank to cling to. No Union Feeling in the South. The Nashville correspondent of the New York Times, an abolition paper, says : ' It ia now apparent that the rebellious part of the South are generally destitute of loyalty. The sentiment does not exist to any consider able degree among those who have actively participated in the revolution. It may be said with equal truth that there is no patriotism. To those in whom these feelingH burn so warm ly as to be willing to imperil life and all its attendants, it mav appear very singular. "Years must eiapsc ere these people will love the United States as their country. Such a result can alone be attained by education, and that of a whole generation." For this result the people have to thank the Abolitionists, who have done all they could to produce this state of things. Momentous Questions. The Cincinnati Enquirer asks, w Are we go-,ng to consume ourselves, make the South a Golgotha, and the North a ruin, for the benefit of Abolition philanthropy ? to enable them 10 try experiments on the capacity of the negro for civilization and self-government ? A Kansas Ticket. tf A Kansas paper lias hoisted the following ticket: "For President George P. cClellan ; for Vice President, Samuel Me-Dary." Pretty good taste, in Kanas ! Gen. Sam Houston a Rebel. The papers have given reports that ' " old San Jacinto" has at last gone over to the enemy, and have reported that he made a furious speech breathing hate and hostility, in Washington county, Texas. He there said : "Citizens of Texas Your rights must be defended. The oppressors must be driven from our soil. Submission to the laws, and union anions ourselves, will render us invincible : subordination and discipline in our army will guarantee to us victory and renown. Our invader has sworn to exterminate us, or sweep us from the soil of Texas. He is vigilant m his work of oppression, and has ordered to Texas ten thousand men to enforce the unhallowed purposes of his ambition. His letters to his subalterns in Texas have been intercepted, and his plans for our destruction are disclosed. Departing from the chivalric principles of civilized warfare, he has ordered arms to be distributed to a portion of our population, for the purpose of creating in the midst of us a servile war. The hopes of the usurper were inspired by a belief that the people of Texas were disunited and divided in opinion ; and that alone has been the cause of the pres ent invasion of our rights. He shall realize the fallacy of his hopes in the union of her citizens, and their Eterxal Resistance to his plans against constitutional liberty. We will enjoy our birthright, or perish in its dc- Jcncer The old Hero stood firm until the proclamation of emancipation turned his head, and if those who were for the Union in that State now follow his lead, it will, we fear, make bloodier work than anticipated in that quarter.The Southern Account of the Battle at Fredericksburg. We have advices fiom Richmond to the 14th. A loss of 500 killed and 2,500 wounded was then admitted. The body ofGeneral Tom Cobb had been brought to Richmond. The following is Lee's official dispatch of the same date : ' At nine o'clock on Saturday morning the enemy attacked our right wing, and as the fog lifted, the battle raged along the line from right to left until six P. M., the enemy being repulsed at all points, thanks be to God. As usual, we have to mourn the loss of many brave men. I expect the battle will be renewed to-morrow morning. Signed R. E. LEE." From Vicksburg. All our information from Vicksburg goes to show that a desperate and bloody battle may shortly be expected there. The rebels are strongly fortifying the place. Report says that the' have extended their works back eight miles from the river. There are seventy guns mounted on the river batteries, and 200 mounted in the entire fortifications.. JThe citizens have, for some time, been busy packing furniture, goods, &c, preparatory to evacuating that place upon the opening of the anticipated Federal attack. Stanton and the Republicans. The Washington correspondent of the Cincinnati Commercial says : There will be a tremendous row about the arbitrary arrests, without specifications of charges against those mad prisoners without trial. The recklessness and imbecility the pusilanimous despotism displayed in this matter, is understood to be chargeable upon Secretary Stanton, and the bitterest denunciations of it that I have heard have been from some of the rather radical Republicans. Venal Congressmen. Certain New York members of Congress are said to have been detected in receiving fees for procuring commissions in thearmy, in one case charging as, high as four hundred dollars for their services in procuring a single commission of a low grade. This statement is made by the Washington correspondent of the Cincinnati Gazette, a Re publican newspaper. Not an Abolitionist. John W. Forney having set down Senator Arnold, of Rhode Island as a 44 Republican;" that gentleman has written a note to the Press wherein he most emphatically denies that he belongs to that sectional, fanatical organization. He is a true Union man, and will vote with the Democracy on all measures to restore the Union and maintain the Constitution, Ex-President Bucuanan is out in still another letter in the National Intelligencer, reviewing his controversy with General Scott. He attempts to show that extra supplies of arms were not distributed to the Southern States by Floyd, and cites as evidence a report of Lieutenant-Governer Stanton of Ohio, when a member of the House committee on Military Affairs. . jfitS Some of the Northern Administration organs, says the New York World, are trying to spread the impression that the recent action of the Government has resulted in a general jail delivery ot all those whom it has to style its political prisoners. This is not the fact. We are credibly informed that some twenty- four prisoners arc still confined at Fort Del aware. The Secretary of the Treasury having furnished the Senate with the amounts of mon ey paid on account of legal and other services in investigating land titles in California, since 1857, it appears that of $151,000 paid to lawyers, $30,715 went into the pockets of E. M. Stanton, before he became Secretary of Wai. Of this amount $25,000 was paid to him simply as a retaining fee I A Fairfax correspondent of the Washington Republican assures the public that Washington's last will and testament is not in the British Museum, as alleged, but safe somewhere in Culpepper, having been deposited there for safe-keeping by the late Alfred Moss, County Clerk of Fairfax County. JCiTln old Democratic days we had a distribution of surplus revenue among the States. Black Republicanism proposes to distribute surplus niggers among the States. Logan Ga- Sv'.'i 37.. ''.. CONSTITUTION OF THE ill A fHHP We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, promote wie general wenare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. ARTICLE I. Section 1. All legislative powers herein granted, shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Sec. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several States ; and the electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislature. No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years and have been seven vears a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be de" termined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term often years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at leas't one representative, and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, one, Connecticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, fDela-ware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten. North -Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three. When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the executive authority thereof shall is&ue writs of election to fill such vacancies. The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other oflicers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment. Sec. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years and each Senator shall have one vote. Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, "they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, and if va-caucies happen, by resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the legislature of any State, the executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next meeting of the legislatuie, which shall thi fill such vacancies.' No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhab itant of the State for which he shall be chosen.The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided. The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside ; and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. Judgments in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit, under the United States ; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment, according to law. Sec. 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for senators and representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the legislatures thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or altar such regulations except as to the places of choosing senators.The Congrcs shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. Sec. 5. Each House shall be the judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day today, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner and under such penalties as each House may provide.Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings : punish its members tor disorder ly behaviour, and, with the concurrence ot two-thirds, expel a member. Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such part3 as may in their 1 : 1 , judgment, require secreny ; and tuo yeas and nays of the members of either House on anv question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. Neither House, during the session of Con gress, shall without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. Sec. G. The senators and representatives shall recievo a compensation for their services. to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall in j all cases, except treason, felony and -breach of .-.V. 'W.V V.- 1 I (.1111- I V mm V til ill) the peace, be privileged from arrest during laws shall be subject to the revision and con-their attendance at the session of their respec- trol of the Congress. No State shall, without live Houses, and in going to and returning . the consent of the Congress, lay any duty of from the same, and for any speech or debate tormge, keep troops, or ships of war, in time in either House, they shall not be questioned ! of peace, enter into any agreement or contract in any other place. j with any other State, or with foreign power, No senator or representative shall, during , or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or the time for which he was elected, be appoint- in such imminent danger as will not admit of ed to any civil office under the authority of, the United states, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time, and no person holding any office under the United States shall be a member of either House during his continuance in office. Sec. 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to to the President of the United States. If he approve, he shall sign it; but if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and preceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be considered, and if approved by two-thirds of that House, it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both Houses shall be determined tv veas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered upon the journal of each House respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted) after il shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress bv their adjournment prevent its return ; in which case it shall not be a law. Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment,) shall be presented to the President of the United States ; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rule and limitations prescribed In the case of a bill. Sec. 8. The Congress shall have power, To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and welfare of the United States, but all duties, imposts and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States and with the In-diar tribes; To establish an uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the Uuited States; To coin money, regulate the value thereof and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures; To establish post offices and post roads : T jroi4-oio the pTOgres-tWrtcircre-WuJ ie- ul arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to respective writings and invention ; To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court ; To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offense? against the law of nations ; To declare war. grant letters of marque and reprisal, and Ynake rules concerning captures on land and water ; To raise and support armies, but no appro priation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years ; To provide and maintain a navy ; To make rules for the government and reg ulation of th land and naval forces ; To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insur rections and rebel invasions; To provide for organizing, arming and dis ciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the mili tia according to the discipline prescribed bv Congress. Te exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by session or par ticular States, and the acceptance of Congress. become the seat of government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the legisla ture of the State in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dockyards, and other needful buildings. And To make all the laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all of her powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or any department or office thereof. Sec. 9. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight ; but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceding ten dollars for each person. The privilege of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it. No bill of attainder or cxpost facto law shall be passed. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration hereinafter directed to be taken.No tax or duty shall be laid on articled exported from any State. No preference shall be given to any regulation of commerce or revenue to t he ports of one State over another, nor shall vessels bound to or from one State be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another.No mon"ey shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States, and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present emolument, office, or title of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign State. Sec. 10. No Stat shall enter into a treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold and silver a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, expost facto law, or law imparing the obligation of contracts or grant any title of nobility. No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspecting laws; and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any State on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the treasury of the United States, and all such delay. ARTICLE II. Sec. 1. The Executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and together with the Vice 1 President, chosen for the same term, shall be elected as Jollows : Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, ' a number of Electors equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives" to which the State may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Representative, or person holding one office o." trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector. The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a list of all persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit, sealed, to the seat of government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and the House of Represen tatives, open all the certificates, and the votes I shall then be counted, lhe person having the greater number of votes shall be the Pres-ident, if such number be a majority of. 'he whole number of electors appointed; and if there be more, than one who have such majority, and have an equal number of votes, when the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President, and if no person have a majority, then, from the five highest on the list the said House shall in a like manner choose the President. But in choosing the President the vote shall be taken by States, the . representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two thirds of the State, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, the person having the greatest number of votes or the electors shall be the Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice President. The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the day on which they shall give their votes, which day shall be the same throughout the United States. No person, except a natutral born citizen, or a citizen of the United States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the 'office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained the age of thirty five years, and been fourteen years a resident of the United States. In case of the removal ofa President from office, or his death, resignation, -urTh ability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by law provide for removal, death, resignation, or inability both of the President and Vice President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a. President shall be elected. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services, a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States, or any of them. Before he enters on the execution of his office, he shall take the following oath or affirmation.44 1 do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and de-tend the Constitution of the United States." Sec. 2. The President shall beCommander-in-Chief ot the army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several States, when caUed into actual service of the United States, he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have the power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment.He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur, and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public. Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not herein or otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law: but the Congress may by law invest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper in the President alone, in the courts ot law, or in the heads of departments. The President shall have power to fill all va cancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commission, which shall expire at the end of their next session. Sec. 8. He shall from time to time give to Congress information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of disagreement between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper; he shall take care that the laws shall be faithfully executed, and shall com mission all the officers ot the United States. Sec. 4.-- The Preside: t, Vice President, and all the civil officers of the Uuited States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and the conviction of treason, bribery, or oth er high crimes and misdemeanors. ARTICLE Iir. The Judicial power ot the. United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the Supreme ancl inferior Courts, shall hold their offices during their good behavior, and shall at stated times, re ceive for their services a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continu ance in office. Sec. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases in law and equity, arising under the Constitution, the laws ot the United States, and treaties made or which shall be made un der their authority ; to all cases affecting am- bassadors, other public ministers, and con sills; to all cases of admirality and maritime jurisdiction ; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party; to controversies between two or more States; between a State and a citizen of another State; between citizens of different States: between citizens of the same State claiming lands under grants of different States, and between a State,- or the i citizens thereof, and foreign States, citizens, or ' subjects. I In all casee affeeting ambassadors, other ; public ministers and consuls, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme ! Uourt shall have appelate jurisdicti n, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the Congress shall make. j The trial of all crimes, except in cases of j impeachment, shall be by jury; and such tri-1 al shall be heldrin the State where the said ; crimes shall have been committed; but when I not committed within any State, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may oy law have directed. Sec. 3. Treason against the United States 6hall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open conrt. The Congress shall have the power to declare the punishment of treason; but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture except during the life of the person attainted, ARTICLE IV. Sec. 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the' public acts, records and judicial proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts, records and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof. Sec. 2. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States. A person charged in any State for treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice, and be found in another State, shall, n -demand of the executive authority -of the State, from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime. No person held to labor or service in one State, undei the laws thereof, escaping in another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. Sec. 3. New States may admitted by the Congress into the Union, but no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any State; nor any State formed by the jurisdiction of two or more States without the consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned, as well as of the Congress. The Congress shall have the power to dispose of and make all the needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States; and noth-ing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particular State. Sec. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Unions Republican form - It 1 1 r 11 . m.t 01 government, and snail protect each otthem against invasion, and on application of the leg lslature, or of the executive, (when the legislature cannot be convened,) against domestic vi olence. ARTICLE V. The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the application of the legislature of two thirds of the several States, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of tli is Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or bv conventions in three fourths there of, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress; provided. that no amendment, which mav be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article; and that no State, without its consent. shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the benate. ARTICLE VI. All debts contracted and engagements enter ed into, before the adoption of this Const tu- tion, shall be as validagainst the United States under this Constitution as under the Confederation.This Constitution, and the laws ofthe United States which shall be made in pursuance there of, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority ofthe United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding. The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the members of the State Leg islatures, and all exacutive and judicial offi cers, both ofthe United States and ofthe sev eral States, shall be bound bv oath or affirma tion to support the Constitution; but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States. ARTICLE VII. The ratifications ofthe conventions of nine States shall be sufficient for the establishment ot this Constitution between the States so rat ifying the same. Done in Convention by the unanimous consent of the States present, on the seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty seven, and of t he Independence of the United States of America the twelfth. In witness where of, we have hereunto subscribed our names. George Washington', President and Deputy from Virginia. ARTICLES In addition to, and amendatory of, the Constitution of the United States of America, proposed by Congress, and ratified by the Legislatures of the several States, pursuant to the fifth article of the origional Constitution. 1. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibit:ng the free exercise thereof, or abridging the free dom of speech, or ofthe press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.2. A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear.arms shall not be infringed.3. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a man ner prescribed by law. 4. The right ofthe people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue except upon probable cause, sppported by oath or affirmation, ami particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or thiDgs to be seized. 5. No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a prts jnf rnent. or indictment of'a Graud Ju ry, excepting cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in tmeof war or public danger, nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. 6. In all criminal prosecutions, the accursed shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed ofthe nature and cause ofthe accusation: to be confronted with the witnesses against hir; to have compulsory process for obtaining wit-nesess in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense. 7. In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by jury shall be otherwisere-examined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law. 8. Excssive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. 9. The -enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. 10. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. 11. The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecused against one of the United States by citizens of another State, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign State. 12. The electors shall meet in their respective States and vote by ballot for President or vice President, one of whom at least shall not be an inhabitant ofthe same State with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice President, and they shall make distinct, lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice President, and of the number of votes tor each, which lists they shall sign and certify and transmit sealed to the seat of Govornmentof the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President ofthe Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if no such person have such majority, then . from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three, on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot the President.But in choosing the President, the vote shall be taken by States, the representatives from each State having one VOiS a quorum for this purpose shaft cons:8t of a member or members from two thirds ofthe States, and a maforitv 0:' all the States sh .11 be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right ofchoice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice Pres-i lent shall act as President, as in the case o-the death or. other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice President shall be the Vice President, ieuch number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed, ani if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two thirds ofthe whole number of Senators, and a m ijority ofthe whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice Presicent of the United States. Not So Bad. At a Democratic meeting in Covington the other evening, a German, in the course of his speech, related a dream, which he lately had, as applicable to the gloomy prospects that now stare us the face. . He dreamed that he was ir the spirit land and before the great gate of the New Jerusalem, awaiting his time to enter. While there a military officer made application to St. Peter to pass. The good old saint asked him what he had been engaged in on the earth. He replied: 44 In the civil war in America." ,St. Peter shook his head, as much as to say, your oceupation has not fitted you for the company the blessed. The officer hesitated to depart, and, while in that mood, a beggar presented himself to St. Peter and said : I am poor and obscure," when the gate was immediately opened to him and 'he passed in. The officer, on observing how easy was the case of the beggar, remarked to St. Peter: 44 1 notice that beggars have no difficulty in entering the heavenly city. I will return to earth and continue in the civil war a year or two longer, when I too will be a beggar, and all others with me." Cin. Enq. v Fredericksburgh and its Vicinity Fredericksburgh, now the theatre of war and bloodshed, is siiuated in Spottsvlvania county, Virginia, on the Rappahannock river, at the head of tide-water navigation, and. before the rebellion broke out, was the center of a flouring commercia trade, with a population of nearly 5,000, with five churches, one orphan asylum, two seminaries, four newspaper offices and two banks. The hills in the neighborhood of Fredericksburgh, varying in height from forty to one hundred feet, abound in fine granite and freestone. Falmouth is a village situated opposite to Fredericksburgh, on the north side ofthe Rappahannock, in Stafford county, and contained, a short time since, 8,000 inhabitants, one half of whom were slaves. These places, heretofore but little known, will in the future history of our country oecupy a prominent position. m. s5 A correspondent writes from Washington: "I hear that parties are buying up the bonds ofthe rebel Government wherever they can be obtained at or near the figure of fifty centy on the dollar. It is probably not known that quite a considerable amount of rebel cur rency finds its way to the North, brought chiefly by persons arriving from the South and Southwest, who, it is 6aid, find ready buyers of it at about the figure above stated. 3 A recent letter of Gen. McClellan, responsive to a vote of thanks from the Philadelphia Common Council, contained this scn tence : 44 The events of this war have shown, that the fighting qualities of our private soldiers may be relied upon by the Government, and that if military failures" occur, their causes must be looked for in defects- of orauuation, coinmaad, or plaiDd."

il M'M" '. . VOLUME XXVI. MOUNT. VERNON, OHIO: SATURDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1862. NUMBER 37. Sjic gcmocrafic aiuur 13 FCBUSHEP KTERT SATTRPAY MORNING BY L. HARPER. Ofllco in Woodward Block, 3d Story. TERMS. Two Dollars per annum, payable in ad-rance; $2.50 within six months; $3.00 after the expiration of the year. i. hi I SI EDITED BY L. HARPER. Negro Votes in Lorain County. The Wayne County Dc7nocrat copies our reply to the Sandusky Register, in regard to the negro voters of Lorain county, and says : The Sandusky Register may deny, with whatever amount of vehement asservations it pleases to adopt, that negroes voted in Lorain county at the late election, and still the fact that they did vote remains to convict them of an utter disregard of all law and all decency. Negroes as black as any that live in Africa, deposited votes in Russia township, Lorain county, and we have no doubt that there are a few Republicans about Oberlin who will not deny the fact, if they are put on oath. If the assertion is controverted, evidence can be produced to prove it beyond the possibility of the shadow of a doubt." The "Situation" in Arkansas. The Memphis Argus on the authority of a reliable gentleman, from Arkansas, states the rebels have a force of 55,000 armed men in that State 30,000 under Gen. Hindman, and 5,000 under Major General Uolmes. Gen. Holmes' forces at last accounts were on the east side of White river, all the troops between the river and the Mississippi being guerrillas. The prices of provisions and wearing apparel in Arkansas do not present flattering inducements for poor men to emigrate thither. Bacon is quoted in Little Rock at 50 to GOc. per pound ; flour, $72 to $100 per barrel ; corn, 75c. to $1 per bushel. Nothing seems to have been grown this year in Arkansas but corn, and corn dodgers are the chief article of subsistence. Coffee is not to be had at any price. Quinine was selling at from $45 to $G0 per ounce and verj scarce. The little in the country has been smuggled from points on the Mississippi. m The Suspicion in New England that She is to be Left Out of the Union. A suspicion is growing up in New England that there may be reconstruction of the Union and she be left out of it. The Democratic papers there ar sounding the alarm to the people. The Providence (R. I.) Post says : " We publish this to show our readers whither we are drifting under the guidance of such men as Charles Sumner. The people of the country are eidenlly determined to have 'one great Republic,' butthey are not anxious that it shall include New England; and, so far as the Western Slates are concerned, the sentiment is almost universal, 'If we can not have both the South, and New England, then give us the South and let New England go The interests of the Middle States point in the same direction, and the probability is every hour growing stronger that a new Confederacy is to be formed embracing all save the New England States. 44 Our readers will bear us witness that we have often enough warned New England of what was in store for her, if this sectional quarrel was allowed to go on. We predicted the result six years ago; but the same men who assured us, all along, that Southern talk of Secession was all a rham ; that the South could not live six months without our aid, and that she 'couldn't be kicked out of the Union have ever been and are even now skeptical. They will discover one of those days that New England can be kicked out of the Union," New Orleans Congressmen. The election for members of Congress, from New Orleans took place on the 3d inst., and resulted in the choice of Benj. F. Flanders from the 1st and Michael Ilahn from the 2d District both Democrats. The total vote cast was but 538G, while the vote at the previous Congressional election was 13,424. The N. O. Delta says of the members elect : Mr. Flanders is, we believe, a native of New Hampshire, and a graduate of Dartmouth College. He has resided among us some thiity years. Michael Ilahn is an old resident of this city, where he has lived since childhood. He is a lawyer, enjoying a handsome practice, and more than ordinary ability, and has ever been a consistent Democrat and one of the strictest of his sect. A warm admirer of Mr. Douglas, he stood by the fortunes of the Little Giant eo long as there was a plank to cling to. No Union Feeling in the South. The Nashville correspondent of the New York Times, an abolition paper, says : ' It ia now apparent that the rebellious part of the South are generally destitute of loyalty. The sentiment does not exist to any consider able degree among those who have actively participated in the revolution. It may be said with equal truth that there is no patriotism. To those in whom these feelingH burn so warm ly as to be willing to imperil life and all its attendants, it mav appear very singular. "Years must eiapsc ere these people will love the United States as their country. Such a result can alone be attained by education, and that of a whole generation." For this result the people have to thank the Abolitionists, who have done all they could to produce this state of things. Momentous Questions. The Cincinnati Enquirer asks, w Are we go-,ng to consume ourselves, make the South a Golgotha, and the North a ruin, for the benefit of Abolition philanthropy ? to enable them 10 try experiments on the capacity of the negro for civilization and self-government ? A Kansas Ticket. tf A Kansas paper lias hoisted the following ticket: "For President George P. cClellan ; for Vice President, Samuel Me-Dary." Pretty good taste, in Kanas ! Gen. Sam Houston a Rebel. The papers have given reports that ' " old San Jacinto" has at last gone over to the enemy, and have reported that he made a furious speech breathing hate and hostility, in Washington county, Texas. He there said : "Citizens of Texas Your rights must be defended. The oppressors must be driven from our soil. Submission to the laws, and union anions ourselves, will render us invincible : subordination and discipline in our army will guarantee to us victory and renown. Our invader has sworn to exterminate us, or sweep us from the soil of Texas. He is vigilant m his work of oppression, and has ordered to Texas ten thousand men to enforce the unhallowed purposes of his ambition. His letters to his subalterns in Texas have been intercepted, and his plans for our destruction are disclosed. Departing from the chivalric principles of civilized warfare, he has ordered arms to be distributed to a portion of our population, for the purpose of creating in the midst of us a servile war. The hopes of the usurper were inspired by a belief that the people of Texas were disunited and divided in opinion ; and that alone has been the cause of the pres ent invasion of our rights. He shall realize the fallacy of his hopes in the union of her citizens, and their Eterxal Resistance to his plans against constitutional liberty. We will enjoy our birthright, or perish in its dc- Jcncer The old Hero stood firm until the proclamation of emancipation turned his head, and if those who were for the Union in that State now follow his lead, it will, we fear, make bloodier work than anticipated in that quarter.The Southern Account of the Battle at Fredericksburg. We have advices fiom Richmond to the 14th. A loss of 500 killed and 2,500 wounded was then admitted. The body ofGeneral Tom Cobb had been brought to Richmond. The following is Lee's official dispatch of the same date : ' At nine o'clock on Saturday morning the enemy attacked our right wing, and as the fog lifted, the battle raged along the line from right to left until six P. M., the enemy being repulsed at all points, thanks be to God. As usual, we have to mourn the loss of many brave men. I expect the battle will be renewed to-morrow morning. Signed R. E. LEE." From Vicksburg. All our information from Vicksburg goes to show that a desperate and bloody battle may shortly be expected there. The rebels are strongly fortifying the place. Report says that the' have extended their works back eight miles from the river. There are seventy guns mounted on the river batteries, and 200 mounted in the entire fortifications.. JThe citizens have, for some time, been busy packing furniture, goods, &c, preparatory to evacuating that place upon the opening of the anticipated Federal attack. Stanton and the Republicans. The Washington correspondent of the Cincinnati Commercial says : There will be a tremendous row about the arbitrary arrests, without specifications of charges against those mad prisoners without trial. The recklessness and imbecility the pusilanimous despotism displayed in this matter, is understood to be chargeable upon Secretary Stanton, and the bitterest denunciations of it that I have heard have been from some of the rather radical Republicans. Venal Congressmen. Certain New York members of Congress are said to have been detected in receiving fees for procuring commissions in thearmy, in one case charging as, high as four hundred dollars for their services in procuring a single commission of a low grade. This statement is made by the Washington correspondent of the Cincinnati Gazette, a Re publican newspaper. Not an Abolitionist. John W. Forney having set down Senator Arnold, of Rhode Island as a 44 Republican;" that gentleman has written a note to the Press wherein he most emphatically denies that he belongs to that sectional, fanatical organization. He is a true Union man, and will vote with the Democracy on all measures to restore the Union and maintain the Constitution, Ex-President Bucuanan is out in still another letter in the National Intelligencer, reviewing his controversy with General Scott. He attempts to show that extra supplies of arms were not distributed to the Southern States by Floyd, and cites as evidence a report of Lieutenant-Governer Stanton of Ohio, when a member of the House committee on Military Affairs. . jfitS Some of the Northern Administration organs, says the New York World, are trying to spread the impression that the recent action of the Government has resulted in a general jail delivery ot all those whom it has to style its political prisoners. This is not the fact. We are credibly informed that some twenty- four prisoners arc still confined at Fort Del aware. The Secretary of the Treasury having furnished the Senate with the amounts of mon ey paid on account of legal and other services in investigating land titles in California, since 1857, it appears that of $151,000 paid to lawyers, $30,715 went into the pockets of E. M. Stanton, before he became Secretary of Wai. Of this amount $25,000 was paid to him simply as a retaining fee I A Fairfax correspondent of the Washington Republican assures the public that Washington's last will and testament is not in the British Museum, as alleged, but safe somewhere in Culpepper, having been deposited there for safe-keeping by the late Alfred Moss, County Clerk of Fairfax County. JCiTln old Democratic days we had a distribution of surplus revenue among the States. Black Republicanism proposes to distribute surplus niggers among the States. Logan Ga- Sv'.'i 37.. ''.. CONSTITUTION OF THE ill A fHHP We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, promote wie general wenare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. ARTICLE I. Section 1. All legislative powers herein granted, shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Sec. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several States ; and the electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislature. No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years and have been seven vears a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be de" termined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term often years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at leas't one representative, and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, one, Connecticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, fDela-ware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten. North -Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three. When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the executive authority thereof shall is&ue writs of election to fill such vacancies. The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other oflicers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment. Sec. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years and each Senator shall have one vote. Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, "they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, and if va-caucies happen, by resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the legislature of any State, the executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next meeting of the legislatuie, which shall thi fill such vacancies.' No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhab itant of the State for which he shall be chosen.The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided. The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside ; and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. Judgments in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit, under the United States ; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment, according to law. Sec. 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for senators and representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the legislatures thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or altar such regulations except as to the places of choosing senators.The Congrcs shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. Sec. 5. Each House shall be the judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day today, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner and under such penalties as each House may provide.Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings : punish its members tor disorder ly behaviour, and, with the concurrence ot two-thirds, expel a member. Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such part3 as may in their 1 : 1 , judgment, require secreny ; and tuo yeas and nays of the members of either House on anv question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. Neither House, during the session of Con gress, shall without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. Sec. G. The senators and representatives shall recievo a compensation for their services. to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall in j all cases, except treason, felony and -breach of .-.V. 'W.V V.- 1 I (.1111- I V mm V til ill) the peace, be privileged from arrest during laws shall be subject to the revision and con-their attendance at the session of their respec- trol of the Congress. No State shall, without live Houses, and in going to and returning . the consent of the Congress, lay any duty of from the same, and for any speech or debate tormge, keep troops, or ships of war, in time in either House, they shall not be questioned ! of peace, enter into any agreement or contract in any other place. j with any other State, or with foreign power, No senator or representative shall, during , or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or the time for which he was elected, be appoint- in such imminent danger as will not admit of ed to any civil office under the authority of, the United states, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time, and no person holding any office under the United States shall be a member of either House during his continuance in office. Sec. 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to to the President of the United States. If he approve, he shall sign it; but if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and preceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be considered, and if approved by two-thirds of that House, it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both Houses shall be determined tv veas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered upon the journal of each House respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted) after il shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress bv their adjournment prevent its return ; in which case it shall not be a law. Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment,) shall be presented to the President of the United States ; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rule and limitations prescribed In the case of a bill. Sec. 8. The Congress shall have power, To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and welfare of the United States, but all duties, imposts and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States and with the In-diar tribes; To establish an uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the Uuited States; To coin money, regulate the value thereof and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures; To establish post offices and post roads : T jroi4-oio the pTOgres-tWrtcircre-WuJ ie- ul arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to respective writings and invention ; To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court ; To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offense? against the law of nations ; To declare war. grant letters of marque and reprisal, and Ynake rules concerning captures on land and water ; To raise and support armies, but no appro priation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years ; To provide and maintain a navy ; To make rules for the government and reg ulation of th land and naval forces ; To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insur rections and rebel invasions; To provide for organizing, arming and dis ciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the mili tia according to the discipline prescribed bv Congress. Te exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by session or par ticular States, and the acceptance of Congress. become the seat of government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the legisla ture of the State in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dockyards, and other needful buildings. And To make all the laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all of her powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or any department or office thereof. Sec. 9. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight ; but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceding ten dollars for each person. The privilege of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it. No bill of attainder or cxpost facto law shall be passed. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration hereinafter directed to be taken.No tax or duty shall be laid on articled exported from any State. No preference shall be given to any regulation of commerce or revenue to t he ports of one State over another, nor shall vessels bound to or from one State be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another.No mon"ey shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States, and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present emolument, office, or title of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign State. Sec. 10. No Stat shall enter into a treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold and silver a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, expost facto law, or law imparing the obligation of contracts or grant any title of nobility. No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspecting laws; and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any State on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the treasury of the United States, and all such delay. ARTICLE II. Sec. 1. The Executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and together with the Vice 1 President, chosen for the same term, shall be elected as Jollows : Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, ' a number of Electors equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives" to which the State may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Representative, or person holding one office o." trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector. The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a list of all persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit, sealed, to the seat of government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and the House of Represen tatives, open all the certificates, and the votes I shall then be counted, lhe person having the greater number of votes shall be the Pres-ident, if such number be a majority of. 'he whole number of electors appointed; and if there be more, than one who have such majority, and have an equal number of votes, when the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President, and if no person have a majority, then, from the five highest on the list the said House shall in a like manner choose the President. But in choosing the President the vote shall be taken by States, the . representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two thirds of the State, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, the person having the greatest number of votes or the electors shall be the Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice President. The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the day on which they shall give their votes, which day shall be the same throughout the United States. No person, except a natutral born citizen, or a citizen of the United States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the 'office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained the age of thirty five years, and been fourteen years a resident of the United States. In case of the removal ofa President from office, or his death, resignation, -urTh ability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by law provide for removal, death, resignation, or inability both of the President and Vice President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a. President shall be elected. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services, a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States, or any of them. Before he enters on the execution of his office, he shall take the following oath or affirmation.44 1 do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and de-tend the Constitution of the United States." Sec. 2. The President shall beCommander-in-Chief ot the army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several States, when caUed into actual service of the United States, he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have the power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment.He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur, and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public. Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not herein or otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law: but the Congress may by law invest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper in the President alone, in the courts ot law, or in the heads of departments. The President shall have power to fill all va cancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commission, which shall expire at the end of their next session. Sec. 8. He shall from time to time give to Congress information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of disagreement between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper; he shall take care that the laws shall be faithfully executed, and shall com mission all the officers ot the United States. Sec. 4.-- The Preside: t, Vice President, and all the civil officers of the Uuited States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and the conviction of treason, bribery, or oth er high crimes and misdemeanors. ARTICLE Iir. The Judicial power ot the. United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the Supreme ancl inferior Courts, shall hold their offices during their good behavior, and shall at stated times, re ceive for their services a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continu ance in office. Sec. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases in law and equity, arising under the Constitution, the laws ot the United States, and treaties made or which shall be made un der their authority ; to all cases affecting am- bassadors, other public ministers, and con sills; to all cases of admirality and maritime jurisdiction ; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party; to controversies between two or more States; between a State and a citizen of another State; between citizens of different States: between citizens of the same State claiming lands under grants of different States, and between a State,- or the i citizens thereof, and foreign States, citizens, or ' subjects. I In all casee affeeting ambassadors, other ; public ministers and consuls, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme ! Uourt shall have appelate jurisdicti n, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the Congress shall make. j The trial of all crimes, except in cases of j impeachment, shall be by jury; and such tri-1 al shall be heldrin the State where the said ; crimes shall have been committed; but when I not committed within any State, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may oy law have directed. Sec. 3. Treason against the United States 6hall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open conrt. The Congress shall have the power to declare the punishment of treason; but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture except during the life of the person attainted, ARTICLE IV. Sec. 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the' public acts, records and judicial proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts, records and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof. Sec. 2. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States. A person charged in any State for treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice, and be found in another State, shall, n -demand of the executive authority -of the State, from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime. No person held to labor or service in one State, undei the laws thereof, escaping in another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. Sec. 3. New States may admitted by the Congress into the Union, but no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any State; nor any State formed by the jurisdiction of two or more States without the consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned, as well as of the Congress. The Congress shall have the power to dispose of and make all the needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States; and noth-ing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particular State. Sec. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Unions Republican form - It 1 1 r 11 . m.t 01 government, and snail protect each otthem against invasion, and on application of the leg lslature, or of the executive, (when the legislature cannot be convened,) against domestic vi olence. ARTICLE V. The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the application of the legislature of two thirds of the several States, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of tli is Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or bv conventions in three fourths there of, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress; provided. that no amendment, which mav be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article; and that no State, without its consent. shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the benate. ARTICLE VI. All debts contracted and engagements enter ed into, before the adoption of this Const tu- tion, shall be as validagainst the United States under this Constitution as under the Confederation.This Constitution, and the laws ofthe United States which shall be made in pursuance there of, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority ofthe United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding. The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the members of the State Leg islatures, and all exacutive and judicial offi cers, both ofthe United States and ofthe sev eral States, shall be bound bv oath or affirma tion to support the Constitution; but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States. ARTICLE VII. The ratifications ofthe conventions of nine States shall be sufficient for the establishment ot this Constitution between the States so rat ifying the same. Done in Convention by the unanimous consent of the States present, on the seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty seven, and of t he Independence of the United States of America the twelfth. In witness where of, we have hereunto subscribed our names. George Washington', President and Deputy from Virginia. ARTICLES In addition to, and amendatory of, the Constitution of the United States of America, proposed by Congress, and ratified by the Legislatures of the several States, pursuant to the fifth article of the origional Constitution. 1. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibit:ng the free exercise thereof, or abridging the free dom of speech, or ofthe press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.2. A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear.arms shall not be infringed.3. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a man ner prescribed by law. 4. The right ofthe people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue except upon probable cause, sppported by oath or affirmation, ami particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or thiDgs to be seized. 5. No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a prts jnf rnent. or indictment of'a Graud Ju ry, excepting cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in tmeof war or public danger, nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. 6. In all criminal prosecutions, the accursed shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed ofthe nature and cause ofthe accusation: to be confronted with the witnesses against hir; to have compulsory process for obtaining wit-nesess in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense. 7. In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by jury shall be otherwisere-examined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law. 8. Excssive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. 9. The -enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. 10. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. 11. The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecused against one of the United States by citizens of another State, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign State. 12. The electors shall meet in their respective States and vote by ballot for President or vice President, one of whom at least shall not be an inhabitant ofthe same State with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice President, and they shall make distinct, lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice President, and of the number of votes tor each, which lists they shall sign and certify and transmit sealed to the seat of Govornmentof the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President ofthe Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if no such person have such majority, then . from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three, on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot the President.But in choosing the President, the vote shall be taken by States, the representatives from each State having one VOiS a quorum for this purpose shaft cons:8t of a member or members from two thirds ofthe States, and a maforitv 0:' all the States sh .11 be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right ofchoice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice Pres-i lent shall act as President, as in the case o-the death or. other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice President shall be the Vice President, ieuch number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed, ani if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two thirds ofthe whole number of Senators, and a m ijority ofthe whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice Presicent of the United States. Not So Bad. At a Democratic meeting in Covington the other evening, a German, in the course of his speech, related a dream, which he lately had, as applicable to the gloomy prospects that now stare us the face. . He dreamed that he was ir the spirit land and before the great gate of the New Jerusalem, awaiting his time to enter. While there a military officer made application to St. Peter to pass. The good old saint asked him what he had been engaged in on the earth. He replied: 44 In the civil war in America." ,St. Peter shook his head, as much as to say, your oceupation has not fitted you for the company the blessed. The officer hesitated to depart, and, while in that mood, a beggar presented himself to St. Peter and said : I am poor and obscure," when the gate was immediately opened to him and 'he passed in. The officer, on observing how easy was the case of the beggar, remarked to St. Peter: 44 1 notice that beggars have no difficulty in entering the heavenly city. I will return to earth and continue in the civil war a year or two longer, when I too will be a beggar, and all others with me." Cin. Enq. v Fredericksburgh and its Vicinity Fredericksburgh, now the theatre of war and bloodshed, is siiuated in Spottsvlvania county, Virginia, on the Rappahannock river, at the head of tide-water navigation, and. before the rebellion broke out, was the center of a flouring commercia trade, with a population of nearly 5,000, with five churches, one orphan asylum, two seminaries, four newspaper offices and two banks. The hills in the neighborhood of Fredericksburgh, varying in height from forty to one hundred feet, abound in fine granite and freestone. Falmouth is a village situated opposite to Fredericksburgh, on the north side ofthe Rappahannock, in Stafford county, and contained, a short time since, 8,000 inhabitants, one half of whom were slaves. These places, heretofore but little known, will in the future history of our country oecupy a prominent position. m. s5 A correspondent writes from Washington: "I hear that parties are buying up the bonds ofthe rebel Government wherever they can be obtained at or near the figure of fifty centy on the dollar. It is probably not known that quite a considerable amount of rebel cur rency finds its way to the North, brought chiefly by persons arriving from the South and Southwest, who, it is 6aid, find ready buyers of it at about the figure above stated. 3 A recent letter of Gen. McClellan, responsive to a vote of thanks from the Philadelphia Common Council, contained this scn tence : 44 The events of this war have shown, that the fighting qualities of our private soldiers may be relied upon by the Government, and that if military failures" occur, their causes must be looked for in defects- of orauuation, coinmaad, or plaiDd."