Eye for Eye, Tooth for Tooth

The biblical notion of "an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth"* illustrates both the use and misuse of religion. Although the concept calls for restraint, it has been interpreted to mandate revenge.

In order to determine its authentic meaning, the Bible must be studied against the backdrop of time and culture.

Solidarity is the philosophical basis of all Scripture in the traditions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Solidarity is the notion of collective identity; that we are all connected in our actions, blessings, and responsibilities.

The extent of Solidarity pertains to both the positive and negative aspects of life. The injunction "an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth" imposed limits on collective punishment. For example, the life of an individual could not be avenged by the lives of an entire family or tribe. Thus, far from being a mandate for revenge, this it was a demonstration of legal grace while also recognizing the legitimate demands of justice.

CHRISTIAN RADICALISM

Jesus Christ extended even further the rejection of mandated revenge. In Matthew 5 we read:

[38] Ye have heard that it hath been said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth:

[39] But I say unto you, That ye resist not evil: but whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also.

[40] And if any man will sue thee at the law, and take away thy coat, let him have thy cloke also.

[41] And whosoever shall compel thee to go a mile, go with him twain.

[42] Give to him that asketh thee, and from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou away.