The Legal Way

This blog is all about interesting decisions of tribunals all around the world whether fictional or real. I would like to emphasize the arguments and defenses that were use in order to guide the bench and the bar for future references.

Saturday, June 13, 2009

In a fastly glabalizing world, there's absolutely no need to tarry and be left behind in the rat race. Any measure to get into the next lap should be taken to maximize one's resources and the logistics that says the need.

Shipping companies can no longer make use of the traditional (and almost obsolete) methods these days. Yes, shipment can still be done through rail roads and highways yet when time is the opponent, we can't bargain to give away our investments to losses- especially those that neatly state the make-or-break shots for the company.

The global arena is much too open for anyone who has the means to take its opportunities. For already-established shipping companies, there is no other way to make things better but to fly on air.

You heard it right- on air.

This probably is the reason why air freight is becoming the ultimate and best means of making your stuffs travel.

From simple mails to huge military tanks, you are sure to find one way to ship everything you want. Air freight companies simply control the supply chain of various commodities and items that require faster delivery.

Freight is basically the term used for describing the cargoes are taken via air. Shipments then are categorized into various divisions to provide better services and to help separate a number of services into their own fields which require special treatments and conditions.

An Air Freight Company, like all other establishment of service, is one that makes fortune through linking you towards service providers or providing the services themselves. Some companies have all the machinery and facilities to offer you all kinds of air freight services. While others, who are relatively small or just chose to focus on some fields, can provide you customized services. These services may be their own innovation or may offer you some services that may not be found with other similar companies.

Since 1980, many are already speculating that trucking and forwarding business will be shifting to air services ones the global need arises. However, the realization of this sign only came recently when more advanced forms of plane cargoes, larger air planes and other modes of air transportation have emerged.

Air freight companies cut the coast-to-coast transit time by channeling services through air. There are basically some types of services that may be provided with you all by a single air freight company or by several companies that specialize in certain areas of air freight.

An air freight company normally separate shipment into categories using the following as their basis:

The item- as we have said earlier, air freight companies can ship anything from mail to equipments of any size. This must be specifically priced according to the system provided by National Motor Freight Classification.

The kind of cargo to be shipped- Say for parcel deliveries, it should only include items that are relatively small to be packed into boxes. Or for super cargo deliveries, items include cars, planes and a variety of larger equipments.

The duration or time it will take for an air freight company to ship the goods- A number of air freight companies offer overnight or next-day delivery. This normally applies for shipments of smaller items like mails and parcels. However, if we are talking of large items, the shipping of the item could take anywhere from 3 days up to the number of days indicated on the terms and conditions of a specific category.

Seeing the big picture, we can tell for sure that we now have some great solutions of shipping our stuffs. May it be your Christmas gift to a friend or shipment of supplies and facilities for your industry.

For years, transporting goods by air is deemed to be the most expensive option there is for businessmen. However, time changed and newer efforts to make this means a cost effective measure has proven its worth. People now are fastly becoming involved in air forwarding business, either they may be the shipper or the shipment service provider.

Air freight is deemed to be the ultimate solution to all forwarding needs. Additionally, it is also considered as the most lucrative option for transport. While air freight may not appeal to lower rates, people considering this choice should look forward to long term profit rather than on the initial expenses.

Upfront businessmen may see the expenses that entails setting up a newer system using the means as provided by air freight companies. The reasons are logical yet the gray line that sets boundary between profit and over-all efficiency rarely determine the actual playing field. Nonetheless, the big picture tells us how the whole game actually works.

With the speed and time resolved using air freight services, businessmen can obviously set leverage over those that do not use the same system. Imagine if your goods reached the market 3 or fewer days after the shipment. Imagine how much money that could generate. Then equate this to the losses you incurred by slower modes of transporting goods. See how much you have gained using air freight services against your losses with not availing their use.

Nevertheless, many are still a bit skeptical with how this system truly works regardless of the fact that many have already shifted from not-so-fast modes of deliveries towards using air freights for shipment of goods. But skepticism is not holding back the trend. After all, it is the global economy that we are working with here.

Having these ideas in mind, its plain to see how advantageous the use of air freight services can be. Now, if you are into frequent shipments, it is best to find air freight charters that could cut the costs at some degree.

The internet has provided a sort of marketplace for air freight charter providers and shippers who would want to avail of such services. It covers the most comprehensive details and information on resources pertaining to air freight charters.

If you are a bit wary of making an approach, there will always be some brokers on online marketplaces that could help you out. Be careful though that the brokers or the air freight charter service provider you find is one that would not only help you in the process but could also dole you out from unwanted expenses.

Aside from the savings that you could get when you charter your leased or bought air freight charter, you could maximize savings by contacting intermediaries that would do all the works for. These works include the arrangement between you and the service provider, contacting all entities required to get things done and for resolving the extra payments and surcharges that you might incur if you are to work on your own.

Remember that there are hundreds of possibilities for additional charges that would be added to your final bill. It is best that you do not fall victim on this. Instead, you should find people that could help you get around from them, or better yet to save you from such charges and earn you in the process.

Freight is technically the term used to describe the cargo for shipment. Air freight, on the other hand, is the cargo that is being shipped via air. This may be done using typical passenger airplane aboard the cargo area or through specialized cargo planes dedicated for this special industry.

Each of which is priced depending on the system as provided by the National Motor Freight Classification. Each class also corresponds to the goods that can be shipped. Say for household goods, only those that can be considered furniture and household appliances can be subjected to price ranges and services provided in this area. Express deliveries, in general, include items such as mails, business papers and envelopes. Parcels, on the other hand, include those items that are usually boxed. Freight shipment though covers all other huge items that can't be accommodated by services functioning in the lower classes.

Air freight is further subdivided into two categories: The Less-than-Truckload Freight which basically accommodate items that are less than 15 000 pounds and have the height of exactly 28 inches or even lesser than that. The other subcategory of freight shipments is the Truckload Freight that covers item weighing 43 000 pounds or less and has the length not exceeding to 53 inches.

Shipments larger than these are often carried by super cargo planes. Those relatively huge items such as military equipments, planes and helicopters are carried through the Antonov AN-225- the largest cargo plane in the world.

For each type of air freight cargo, there is basically some air freight carriers to do the job. Most often than not, smaller items can be shipped using passenger air planes turned into air freight carriers.

Boeing 747-400 is usually configured into air freight carrier since it has space large enough to accommodate items for forwarding. But since it is not purely designed as an air freight carrier, there are some crucial limitations that impedes to its absolute use for this exact purpose. Nevertheless, when used as an air freight carrier, it may function well enough to transport cargoes of various kinds towards their proper destinations.

Air freight carriers like Bekins and North American Van Lines specialize in household goods delivery. FedEx Express, UPS and DHL top rate the field of express deliveries yet it is basically everybody's game since this field appears to be the easiest route when you want to make money in the forwarding business. Leading air freight carriers in the parcel division (also known as ground shipment) are FedEx Grounds and UPS. While for Less-than-Truckload and Truckload freight areas, air freight carrier names like Old Dominion, AAA Cooper, Averett Express, Roadway, Schneider and JB Hunt are the most trusted.

In the air freight industry, there are also middlemen in the playing field. These are often called as freight brokers since they are the institutions that create arrangements between shippers and air freight companies. Brokers are reached through online marketplaces. They are the best sources for discounts since they have the direct contacts with air service providers.

Major air freight brokers are CHRobinson, Hub Group, Twin Modal and Rockwell.

If you want better and easier access to the names we have listed above, it is best to find sources through online intermediaries such as Transcore DAT, Freightquote.com and uShip.com.

Even before, flying has been an innovation. Humans before couldn’t imagine of a time without journey. All they wanted was to fly. That’s why airplanes were born. Eventually, technology made it a reality for people to ride on the airplane near the pilot. People became restless that they started thinking of some beneficial ways where they can use the plane.

It was on the year 1910 when the idea that a plane can be used to carry shipments began. History revealed that a bolt of silk was the first to be shipped in a plane. The shipment was carried from Dayton to Columbus in Ohio. This was said to be the first demonstration of the air freight.

In 1919, another shipment took place. A converted bomber was shipped by the American Railway Express. The cargo was 1100 pounds, and was transported from Washington D.C to Chicago. Unluckily, the plane and the radiator froze had to land in Ohio. However, that didn’t hinder the people from using the plane as freight carrier.

During the late 1920s, more airlines operated as freight carrier. The creation of the freight carrier was used for American business only. The air freight had helped them not only in making the transportation of merchandise rapidly but also the fast pace of the process.

Undeniably, the primitive stages of the air freight business made a remarkable growth.

By the year 1927 to 1931 the number and size of the shipments had increased from 45,000 pounds to almost a million pounds. Though there were some effort at planning and organizing the air freight business, the commercial air freight did not operate until World War II ended.

The top 4 known airlines namely: American, United, TWA and Eastern formed the Air Cargo Inc. The primary mission of the company was to pick up and deliver cargo.

The Air Cargo was active until the end of the world. But in 1944, United and TWA began to be independent and had their own air freight business.

There were lots of small plane owners who wanted to part of the air cargo industry but were not accepted. The big airlines didn’t like smaller airlines to operate in the business. One reason for that was the possibility that the small airlines might screw up the constant status of the industry. Another reason was the former didn’t want to be involved in a competition.

Unluckily, those small plane operators who tried fell by the pavement. There’s only one that survived- it’s called the “Flying Tigers”. The Flying Tigers made it because it carried both military and civilian freight. And it was also known before as the largest in air freight liner industry.

In spite of the good start, the air freight business wasn’t developing that much. It didn’t work well in the business. Until someone in the name of Fred Smith opened up his new air freight known today as the Federal Express.

The Air Freight Industry Today

Federal express has been known today as one of the successful air freight carrier. With the aid of modern technology, it now uses air freight software to be able to provide the needs of the customers. The air freight software is the latest innovation for freight forwarders. It will resolve any problems in the system plus give you excellent and cost effective services.

Today the FedEx or the Federal Express is linked with the (UPS) United Parcel. The two freight carrier is now known to be the most reliable and trusted air delivery services in the country.

Due to the inevitable changes occurring around the globe and the need to quickly send and receive various items across countries, the airline industry has birthed a new way of shipment- air freight.

Air freights are basically cargoes on the shipment which are typified into various categories to make shipping more organized and easier. Some primary basis of categorizing air freight are:

§ Type of the item§ How large is the item, in terms of the number of items in the shipment and size, and,§ The number of days or hours it takes one shipment to arrive on its pointed destination.

Shipments, on the other hand, are categorized into the following:

Household goods include art pieces, furniture and other similar items which are primarily transported using Household Goods (HHG) carriers such as North American Van Lines and Bekins.

The "Express" category, on the other hand, include personal items and small business goods which are often considered as overnight shipment (or express shipment, express letters, and overnight express). Such transports are carried by shipment companies like FedEx Express, UPS and DHL.

Since most items falling under this category are relatively small and don't normally weigh heavier than a couple of pounds, they often come in the carrier's own packaging.

Service levels vary depending on the service offered by the carrier or the personal choice of the shipper. These normally travel by air and may be delivered on the exact day it was sent to the carrier or may take several days of travel.

Packages that are slightly larger and heavier than express items are considered as parcels. These include boxes of shipments, regardless of the content. Carriers like UPS and FedEx Ground provide the services for this type of cargoes. Parcels cover most of the business-to-consumer items and services and don't often exceed 100 pound-weight category. Since these are relatively small, they often come on the shipper's or carrier's own packaging.

Types of services on this category also vary. However, a number of ground shipping can travel for 500 to 700 miles a day in around 3 to four days, depending on the service rendered by the shipper or the service option the customer chose. Such shipments don't often travel by air, instead they move through road and rail.

Freight shipments cover the largest cargoes in the industry. It is subdivided into two major categories, mainly: LTL of Larger-than-truckload freight and TL or truckload freight.

Less-than-truckload shipments are also known as motor freights. These often cover the bulk of business to business transactions. The range of services vary from carrying 100-pound items up to those not exceeding 15 000 pounds. Since LTL trailers are just as long as 28 inches, most air freights of this kind cannot exceed this length.

Unlike with smaller packages, shipments don't often come in company packaging.

Truckload freight covers larger shipments from 15 000 pounds to 40 000 pounds with a maximum length of 53 inches. This type of air freight differs from all other categories since these don't normally stop along the travel and are not intermingled with other shipments. Most are frequently arranged via freight brokers and online marketplaces.

When availing this type of air freight, it is best that one understands in full all the terms covered including the claims, pricing and insurance.

In the present day, we usually get and receive our material things from different places around the world. We usually don’t even know that it came halfway around the world before even getting in your possession. We never even bother to think about them of course, this is all done by freight systems around the world, and one of the most popular is air freight. Air freight is usually used for business purposes and convenience.

Once you want to send a package of any content (usually in bulk or big amounts), we typically send them in air cargo freight services. This simply proves to be efficient and will likely be the fastest mode of transportation for your cargo.

These dedicated companies are divided into two divisions; International Freight Forwarders, which ship goods to other countries or Domestic Freight Forwarders which ship goods within one country.

Various methods of shipping goods are simplified on your needs; this depends on the importance of the cargo being shipped. For example, you need to send product samples from Los Angeles to France for verification, hence express cargo would be your choice. Charges will also depend on the value being shipped.

Air Cargo Freight is likely to be a different situation than the mode of the efficiency of cargo being sent in less time, there are many of freight companies in the United States alone, this will likely be a hassle to anybody who wants the best reputable shipping. There are many good choices of freight service companies; however, this will depend upon the fee. Fees is another factor, you can usually compare them online as there are many sites that will offer a good comparison of services in contrast to the shipping fees itself.

The freight is usually measured on gross weight, value which is then sent forth to the carrier’s tariff or rates. This will grant rights to the carrier but will never open the containers or packages. If the particulars are not matching or sent to the wrong address, you will likely pay for the expenses incurred during the examination, measurement of value and the freight charge itself.

In the usage of aircrafts being used, large cargo shipping airlines usually use the latest and greatest but many of them use older models such as the Boeing 707, Boeing 727, Douglas DC-8 just to name a few. Some do use much older models but it involves replacement and strengthening of parts to be usable for cargo services. Some airlines tend to carry a few passengers from time to time to minimize the cost of shipping. Also airline freighters which are dedicated to transportation of goods are mostly divisions or subsidiaries of large passenger airlines.

Notable shipping companies around the world are always on the top of their business, here are some of them which you will likely choose but this article has no connections to any of these companies and does not promote nor advertise them, these are used for reference purposes only.

You can simply find your best air cargo freight service by your own experience. People will likely choose their local air freight forwarders just for their preference; yours can be different to your liking. Just remember the factors that you need to weigh to get the best out of your money and satisfaction.

Everyday around the world, people are constantly in need of a service provided that can transport their packages from one destination to the other. In answer to this need, air Canada freight is continuously upgrading their strategies and methods to cater to satisfy their customers' need.

In addition, this freight service is also expanding in different parts of the world. This is because it is important that even far off places have their own reliable air freight provider.

What people are looking in an air freight provider?1. Reliability.

People want their packages to be handled and delivered properly. This is because they want their packages to arrive at its destination in the same condition that is sent. That is why people want their service provider to be reliable.

Gaining the trust of customers is not that easy. They are always on the lookout for another which will is better than what they have already. But then, once they know that no other company can do what theirs are capable of, that is the time when they will be converted to loyal customers.

Showing the customers how reliable you are will gain more repeat clients. In addition, they are likely to recommend you to other people who might be in need of the same service.

2. Competitive price.

When people think of air freight services, the first thing that comes to mind is the price. Because of the nature of the business, it is a common misconception that it is expensive and that not everyone can afford them.

With the many competing air freight services now available, there are already sudden changes in the price already. Before, customers need to pay for the customs fee or rates that are converted depending on the destination.

Nowadays, you can easily choose one provider that offers the best service at the lowest price.

3. Speed of service.

There are air freight services that do not conform to the promised time of delivery. This is what irritates customers the most. Before you know it, they will be looking for another provider that delivers what they say they will.

The speed of service is one of the vital factors needed in an air freight service provider. That is the initial purpose of the packages after all. It can be noted that the speed of the delivery should not compromise the quality of the package. These two should go hand in hand. Without the other, it can never work.

4. Far reaching.

Ever been in a situation wherein your provider did not accept your package because they do not cater to that certain destination? This can really irritate customers.

Packages are sent not only on usual locations and famous places. There are also important materials or things that should be sent to locations that are just as important.

The air freight service provider should know have a comprehensive knowledge about important places that are not the usual point of delivery. There should have one or two employees who should specialize in the familiarization of different localities.

Air Canada freight is aware of what people want in their service provider. This is the reason why there are continuous updates on how best to improve the tools, machines and the personnel that they have. If this means that they will be on top of the list of air freight provider, then all the effort will definitely be worth it.

The popularity of air freight services can be attributed to the many advantages that it can give to the people. Not only are you assured that your package will arrive in the best condition, you are also assured that it will be received not a moment too late.

In the past, people were not anymore too happy about sending packages. There were a lot of complaints about lost packages and damaged or missing goods. Those who have not availed of air freight services became wary of using one.

In time, air freight services realized that the only way to maintain customer satisfaction is to provide them with the best of service. In the highly competitive market of today, there is little doubt where customer will put their trust into. And that is for the service that can bring their packages in their desired destination on time and in the best condition.

Other advantages of air freight services.

Global.

Having branches around the world is very important. This is because timely reports are needed about the present weather condition in a specific place or location. Since packages are set to be delivered at the certain time, it is vital that it should be delivered as promised.

The air freight service should be updated about weather conditions as well as other important factors that might hinder on-time delivery. Knowing about these factors beforehand, they will be able to consider other methods or strategy so that the delivery will not be compromised.

As long as there are frequent updates on the situations around the world or in the location where the package is headed, customers can expect their shipment to be received safely and on time.

Door-to-door.

People are not into going out and picking up their packages. This is especially for those who are too busy with other things to bother picking up a package and those who need to take the trip just to get to the pick-up location.

Air freight services offer door-to-door delivery. Now you do not have to leave your home just to get your package. As long as the sender gave out the detailed location, the handler will be able to locate them easily.

These services are equipped with a map of their area. Every street and corner is presented in the map. In addition, the delivery people are highly trained to know the quickest route to the point of destination. The best of the best freight service will even guide the delivery up until the package is delivered at the receiver's front door.

Anywhere and anytime.

Air freight services are on call whenever and whenever you need them. These services know that when it comes to delivering important things and materials, every second counts.

Some air freight services are even open 24 hours. Their customer service is also on call whenever people want to ask for information or track down their packages.

Wherever you are in the world, you can always find a number of air freight services that will provide you with the kind of service that you need.

Why wait for the next holiday to bring home your package. And why wait for someone you can trust to send that long overdue materials. Make the most of the advantages that air freight services can give you today.

Tuesday, June 9, 2009

The complexity of an alarm system depends on the establishment it is going to be used. The more entry points, the more complicated the electrical circuit for the alarm system. Most of the time, complex alarm systems are installed in business establishments like stores. The need for a complex alarm system for this kind of establishment is higher than any building.

Most homes use simpler versions of alarm systems. In many cases, smaller homes use simple unmonitored alarm. Using alarm systems in homes is grounded in the concept that even homes and the persons residing in it needs protection too.

Alarm systems vary according to the task it is going to do. For example, when a person wanted to detect smoke or fire, he may choose installing fire alarm system in his house. Every type of alarm system works specifically to a certain job. The most common used alarm system type is the burglar alarm system.

Burglar alarm systems vary too according to the size of the building. Also, the installation complexity of such may change depending on the number of entry points to be integrated. In addition, burglar alarms may also be monitored by the police or relayed to a telephone line.

Most burglar alarm systems are installed by professionals. In many cases, the company where one bought the alarm systems is the one responsible for the installation of the alarm system.

However, there are also alarm systems that can be installed by do-it-yourselfers. These alarm systems are being sold in kits. Every kit contains complete components that one needed for the installation.

Before installing an alarm systems take note of the following considerations for a proper installation:

• The number of entry points in the house. Knowing how many entry points you have in your home will determine how many sensors you need to install. Entry points are not limited to doors. It can also be windows, fire exits, etc.

• The type of alarm system you brought. Is it a burglar alarm or a combination of a burglar alarm and a fire alarm? The more sensor types the complex the circuit will be.

• Note of the strategic place where you are going to put the control panel.

In installing the burglar alarm system, the very first component to be mounted must be the sounder or other known as the buzzer or bell. Think of where you want it to put. Most of the time, sounders are located in places that can easily be seen to warn off any burglar intending to break into the house. When the sounder is installed outside, one must make sure that it is mounted away from extreme heat or moisture. It is also advisable to enclose the sounder in a box to protect it from any atmospheric condition. Make sure also, that the sounder is placed in a way that it can be heard loudly.

After installing the sounder, the next component that must be installed is the sensors or the switches. Carefully install the sensors in edges of the windows and doors. Make sure that the magnet and the sensor is not too far from each other so that the sensor will have enough magnet reception. Do not put it otherwise too close to each other or else the magnet may sag to the sensor which can damage any of the component part.

Mount the wires neatly and integrate the rest of the components to the control panel. Test the system if it works properly by closing and opening the entry points. Make adjustments when there are components that do not work properly.

Security and disaster alarms are no longer new to most people. These devices have already been available for quite some time now and have been continuously innovated.

These deterrent instruments are usually found in business establishments. The very reason for installing such devices is for protection of properties against attempted burglary and destructive disasters like fire.

Banks and jewelry shops are examples of businesses that need high security. By using burglar alarms the security that these businesses need is met. In fact, they are being required by their insurance companies to have the most complex and effective burglar alarm that they can have. The higher the security needed the more complex the burglar alarm must be.

Burglar alarms that are installed in homes use the basic principle of alarm system. By simply using the electrical flow, alarms can be triggered to sound when conditions is met. For example, for a close circuit alarm, when the door opens, the current flow powers the sounder. Contrary to the open circuit alarm because when the current is cut, the alarm sounds.

There are only three main parts or major equipment a burglar alarm has. These are 1) the control panel, 2) signaling device and 3) detectors. These parts are being interconnected for it to work. There are systems that uses radio frequency, infrared, and the like in order to connect one part to another. The system that uses radio transmitters and receivers is called the wireless system.

Control Panel

A control panel is the central processing device of the system. It is where you program the system to work according to the specifications of the home or building. It is also where you can turn on, turn off or reset the alarm system. The control panel can be accessed using remote keypads. All specifications of a control panel may differ according to the prerogative and design of the manufacturer. The detector zones can be programmed in the control panel so whenever the detector receives unusual frequencies, the control panel processes it and let the sound device alarm. A control panel also contains a memory chip that stores the user’s settings. There are other features that a control panel may contain. It can be found in the user manual or specified in the product brochure.

Signaling Devices

These burglar alarm equipment make sounds whenever condition is met for it to alarm. A sounder may be a bell, a buzzer or a chime. Most commonly the sounder that is being used for burglar alarm systems are those that are loud enough and that can cause panic on the burglar. These days, sounders are already partnered with a strobe. A strobe is a special lighting device. It has a lamp inside that is mounted in such a way that it rotates as the sounder sounds. The most common colors used for the strobe are red, blue and yellow. Speech dialers or telephone relays are also part of the signaling equipment.

Detectors

Detectors are also called as sensors. These equipments are responsible for reporting unusual movements to the control panel. There are several types of detectors that are used for a burglar alarm system. Here are some of the commonly used detectors:

• Magnetic Contact Detectors – this type is usually used in windows and doors. These devices are mounted in the edges of the doors and windows.

• Infrared Detectors (passive infrared) – these are basically used to detect motions or unusual irregularities in the place. This can also be used to detect temperature changes and smoke.

• Vibration sensors – these devices are quite more sensitive than the magnetic contact detectors because a little vibration from the window or door can be interpreted by the device as unusual and may possibly trigger the control panel to sound the alarm.