Chang grew up in Vienna, Virginia with two older brothers and a sister. Chang’s parents emigrated from Korea as adults in the 1960s, his father from North Korea, his mother from the South.[7] They owned a golfing goods warehouse and two restaurants.[3] As a child, Chang was a competitive golfer who participated in a number of junior tournaments.[8] Chang attended Georgetown Prep and then Trinity College, where he majored in religious studies.[9] After graduating from college, Chang pursued a variety of jobs, including teaching English in Japan, then bussing tables and holding finance positions in New York City.[10]

Chang started attending the French Culinary Institute (FCI)—now known as the International Culinary Center—in New York City in 2000. While he was training, he also worked part-time at Mercer Kitchen in Manhattan and got a job answering phones at Tom Colicchio's Craft restaurant. Chang stayed at Craft for two years and then moved back to Japan to work at a small soba shop, followed by a restaurant in Tokyo's Park Hyatt Hotel. Upon returning to the U.S. Chang worked at Café Boulud, where his idol, Alex Lee, had worked. But Chang soon grew "completely dissatisfied with the whole fine dining scene".[10][11]

In August 2006, Chang's second restaurant, Momofuku Ssäm Bar, opened a few blocks away.[16][17] In March 2008, Chang opened Momofuku Ko, a 12-seat restaurant that takes reservations ten[18] days in advance, online only, on a first-come-first-served basis.[19] Later that year, Chang expanded Momofuku Ssäm Bar into an adjacent space, which he named Momofuku Milk Bar, serving soft serve, along with cookies, pies, cakes and other treats.[20][21]

In May 2009 it was reported that Momofuku Milk Bar's Crack Pie, Cereal Milk, and Compost Cookies were in the process of being trademarked.[22] In October 2009, Chang and former New York Times food writer Peter Meehan published Momofuku, a highly anticipated cookbook containing detailed recipes from Chang's restaurants. In May 2010, Chang opened Má Pêche in midtown Manhattan.[23]

In November 2010, Chang announced the opening of his first restaurant outside the US in Sydney, Australia. Momofuku Seiōbo opened in October 2011 at the redeveloped Star City Casino in Southern-hemisphere. In an article with the Sydney Morning Herald, Chang was quoted as saying: 'I've just fallen in love with Australia. I'm just fascinated by the food scene in Sydney and Melbourne. People are excited about food in Australia. It's fresh and it's energetic.'[24][25] The restaurant was awarded three hats from the Sydney Morning Herald Good Food Guide in its first year and was named Best New Restaurant.[26]

In March 2011, Chang announced that he would be bringing Momofuku to Toronto, and opened it in late 2012. The restaurant is located in a three-story glass cube in the heart of downtown Toronto. Momofuku Toronto is made up of three restaurants, these are Noodle Bar, Daishō and Shōtō; as well as a bar Nikai.[27][28]

Chang launched Fuku, a chain of fast food restaurants specializing in fried chicken sandwiches, in June 2015.[29] In 2016, Chang launched his first digital-only restaurant, which offers a menu only for delivery in Midtown East and takes orders taken via an app named Ando.[30] Later in 2016, Chang participated in a project hosted by a Silicon Valley startup named Impossible Foods. He prepared a food that was later added on the menu of one of his restaurants, Momofuku Nishi, as a partnership between Impossible Foods and David Chang.[31]

In July 2017, Chang announced the opening of his first west coast restaurant in Los Angeles. The restaurant, Majordomo, opened in January 2018.[32][33]

Epicurious described Chang as having a "bad-boy attitude" for having no reservations or vegetarian options.[39] Chang created a controversy in 2009 by making dismissive remarks about California chefs, telling Anthony Bourdain "They don’t manipulate food, they just put figs on a plate.”[40]