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After an item has been scraped by a spider, it is sent to the Item Pipeline which processes it through several components that are executed sequentially.

Each item pipeline component (sometimes referred as just “Item Pipeline”) is a Python class that implements a simple method. They receive an item and perform an action over it, also deciding if the item should continue through the pipeline or be dropped and no longer processed.

If present, this classmethod is called to create a pipeline instance from a Crawler. It must return a new instance of the pipeline. Crawler object provides access to all Scrapy core components like settings and signals; it is a way for pipeline to access them and hook its functionality into Scrapy.

Let’s take a look at the following hypothetical pipeline that adjusts the price attribute for those items that do not include VAT (price_excludes_vat attribute), and drops those items which don’t contain a price:

The integer values you assign to classes in this setting determine the order in which they run: items go through from lower valued to higher valued classes. It’s customary to define these numbers in the 0-1000 range.