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type=\u0022text\/css\u0022 rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 href=\u0022\/\/jaapl.org\/sites\/default\/files\/advagg_css\/css__uXgUByez87OKDsgffPHe7u5qNUzr7zOnqWrSJ87THKk__RR-QNYl6SsTObm37M1MaRCUwwzIP19wUZLcqO_pRc1Q__SE88dkRnolbHwIldoeGY6-k_TjXvsxIwmx7txHHEEuw.css\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Clink type=\u0022text\/css\u0022 rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 href=\u0022\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/qtip2\/2.2.1\/jquery.qtip.min.css\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Clink type=\u0022text\/css\u0022 rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 href=\u0022\/\/jaapl.org\/sites\/default\/files\/advagg_css\/css__HGACIFBlu2o05y3afvqlt5wrE_5Dn6MXsexfuEpeIwg__bZRPPTxGBklJTL0kiU8ickehU_1TeXhqoRdbfYVaapM__SE88dkRnolbHwIldoeGY6-k_TjXvsxIwmx7txHHEEuw.css\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Clink rel=\u0027stylesheet\u0027 type=\u0027text\/css\u0027 href=\u0027\/sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/plugins\/layouts\/onecol\/onecol.css\u0027 \/\u003E\u003C\/head\u003E\u003Cbody\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panels-ajax-tab-panel panels-ajax-tab-panel-jnl-jaapl-tab-art\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-display panel-1col clearfix\u0022 \u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-panel panel-col\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-markup\u0022 \u003E\n \n \n \n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-markup\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv xmlns=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022 id=\u0022content-block-markup\u0022 data-highwire-cite-ref-tooltip-instance=\u0022highwire_reflinks_tooltip\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022article fulltext-view\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-start\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-1\u0022\u003EEditor:\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-2\u0022\u003EWe thank Adetunji \u003Cem\u003Eet al.\u003C\/em\u003E for their insightful commentary and appreciate their contribution to the discussion of this fascinating phenomenon.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-3\u0022\u003ETheir proposition that the word \u201cpathological\u201d should be dropped with regard to lying is well taken. We concede that putting pathological in front of lying is problematic, but even more troubling is lumping all liars together in one group as if they were homogenous. Further, removing pathological does not help in solving our dilemma. We were trying to describe a unique phenomenon,\u003Csup\u003E\u003Ca id=\u0022xref-ref-1-1\u0022 class=\u0022xref-bibr\u0022 href=\u0022#ref-1\u0022\u003E1\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/sup\u003E a subgroup of lying that has been repeatedly described in the literature over the years with the terminology \u201cpathological lying.\u201d Our goal was to sharpen the definition while keeping the terminology.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-4\u0022\u003EIn the letter, the authors referred to the recent study by Yang \u003Cem\u003Eet al.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003Csup\u003E\u003Ca id=\u0022xref-ref-2-1\u0022 class=\u0022xref-bibr\u0022 href=\u0022#ref-2\u0022\u003E2\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/sup\u003E In fact, Yang \u003Cem\u003Eet al.\u003C\/em\u003E complicate things even more by referring without justification to different subgroups of liars as pathological liars. Their use of pathological lying is not the same as ours, and their work is not helpful in clarifying the interesting question of Adetunji \u003Cem\u003Eet al.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-5\u0022\u003EAdetunji \u003Cem\u003Eet al.\u003C\/em\u003E suggested that pathological should not be used to describe lying behavior that may be secondary to cerebral abnormalities, as may be the case with pathological lying, to reduce stigmatization and encourage help\u2010seeking. We appreciate the merits of this viewpoint. However, if brain pathology were responsible for the lying behavior, would it not be more appropriate to refer to the phenomenon as pathological lying? That will then be consistent with the \u201cdisease viewpoint\u201d of psychiatric disorders described by the authors.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-6\u0022\u003EIn our article,\u003Csup\u003E\u003Ca id=\u0022xref-ref-1-2\u0022 class=\u0022xref-bibr\u0022 href=\u0022#ref-1\u0022\u003E1\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/sup\u003E we defined pathological lying as \u201cfalsification entirely disproportionate to any discernable end in view, may be extensive and very complicated, and may manifest over a period of years or even a lifetime.\u201d Pathological lying is not defined by the magnitude of the lies \u003Cem\u003Eper se\u003C\/em\u003E, but by the chronicity, frequency, and apparent lack of benefit derived from the lies. Hence, the different examples of liars described by Adetunji \u003Cem\u003Eet al.\u003C\/em\u003E are not pathological liars by our definition. The benefit of lying in each case is obvious.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-7\u0022\u003EAdetunji and colleagues state that they do not believe there are pathological lies or pathological liars \u201cbecause of the difficulty in determining what is pathological.\u201d This is analogous to saying Schizophrenia did not exist before the development of the DSM criteria for its diagnosis.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-8\u0022\u003EWe are pleased by the recent interest in the subject of pathological lying and continue to advocate more discussion and systematic studies of the phenomenon. We maintain, however, that what is most important is not so much what name the phenomenon is called, but the development of uniform criteria for identifying it, the etiology of the phenomenon, and available treatment options.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022copyright-statement\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022fn\u0022 id=\u0022copyright-statement-1\u0022\u003EAmerican Academy of Psychiatry and the Law\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section ref-list\u0022 id=\u0022ref-list-1\u0022\u003E\u003Ch2\u003EReferences\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Col class=\u0022cit-list\u0022\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022rev-xref-ref\u0022 href=\u0022#xref-ref-1-1\u0022 title=\u0022View reference 1 in text\u0022 id=\u0022ref-1\u0022\u003E\u21b5\u003C\/a\u003E\n \n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022cit ref-cit ref-other\u0022 id=\u0022cit-34.1.132.1\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022cit-metadata\u0022\u003E\u003Ccite\u003EDike CC, Baranoski M, Griffith EEH: Pathological lying revisited: \u003Cspan class=\u0022cit-source\u0022\u003EJ Am Acad Psychiatry Law\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022cit-vol\u0022\u003E33\u003C\/span\u003E:\u003Cspan class=\u0022cit-fpage\u0022\u003E342\u003C\/span\u003E\u20139, \u003Cspan class=\u0022cit-pub-date\u0022\u003E2005\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/cite\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022cit-extra\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022{openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJournal%2Bof%2Bthe%2BAmerican%2BAcademy%2Bof%2BPsychiatry%2Band%2Bthe%2BLaw%2BOnline%26rft.stitle%253DJ%2BAm%2BAcad%2BPsychiatry%2BLaw%26rft.issn%253D1093-6793%26rft.aulast%253DDike%26rft.auinit1%253DC.%2BC.%26rft.volume%253D33%26rft.issue%253D3%26rft.spage%253D342%26rft.epage%253D349%26rft.atitle%253DPathological%2BLying%2BRevisited%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F16186198%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx\u0022 class=\u0022cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-openurl cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EOpenUrl\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/lookup\/ijlink\/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6NToiamFhcGwiO3M6NToicmVzaWQiO3M6ODoiMzMvMy8zNDIiO3M6NDoiYXRvbSI7czoyMDoiL2phYXBsLzM0LzEvMTMyLmF0b20iO31zOjg6ImZyYWdtZW50IjtzOjA6IiI7fQ==\u0022 class=\u0022cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022cit-reflinks-abstract\u0022\u003EAbstract\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep\u0022\u003E\/\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022cit-reflinks-full-text\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022free-full-text\u0022\u003EFREE \u003C\/span\u003EFull Text\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022rev-xref-ref\u0022 href=\u0022#xref-ref-2-1\u0022 title=\u0022View reference 2 in text\u0022 id=\u0022ref-2\u0022\u003E\u21b5\u003C\/a\u003E\n \n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022cit ref-cit ref-other\u0022 id=\u0022cit-34.1.132.2\u0022 data-doi=\u002210.1192\/bjp.187.4.320\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022cit-metadata\u0022\u003E\u003Ccite\u003EYang Y, Raine A, Lencz T, \u003Cem\u003Eet al\u003C\/em\u003E: Prefrontal white matter in pathological liars. \u003Cspan class=\u0022cit-source\u0022\u003EBr J Psychiatry\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022cit-vol\u0022\u003E187\u003C\/span\u003E:\u003Cspan class=\u0022cit-fpage\u0022\u003E320\u003C\/span\u003E\u20135, \u003Cspan class=\u0022cit-pub-date\u0022\u003E2005\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/cite\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022cit-extra\u0022\u003E\u003Ca 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