Chapter 3. Perspectives on Personality: Practice Quiz

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1) A micro-theory is ________ specific in comparison to a perspective.

amore

bless

cequally

dsometimes more and sometimes less

2) The brain influences personality through its

asize, as in the case of intelligence.

binfluence on the immune system.

cneurochemistry, as in the case of neurotransmitters.

dall of the above.

3) Which approach focuses on the idea that multiple theories are complementary of each other?

athe systems approach

bthe micro-theory approach

cthe psychodynamic approach

dthe humanistic approach

4) A person begins to attend parties, and finds that others respond positively to him, making him feel good. As a consequence, he attends more parties. This description explains how extraversion might emerge through

aoperant conditioning.

bmodeling.

cclassical conditioning.

dego functioning.

5) A ________ such as biopsychology or intrapsychic provides a general viewpoint as to important influences on personality.

aset of experimental results

bmicro-theory

cframework

dperspective

6) In the cross-cultural view of personality

acollectivism builds stronger personalities.

bpersonality is less important than culture.

cpersonality is fairly consistent across cultures.

dan individual is a carrier of his or her own cultural knowledge, that knowledge influences personality.

7) Some examples of hormones that influence personality

ainclude sex hormones such as estrogen and testosterone.

binclude many digestive enzymes.

cinclude the psychogenic hormones extravertagen and introvertarone.

dcannot be provided because hormones do not influence personality.

8) A psychologist who emphasized that people's behavior changes from situation to situation as they think about the social demands and opportunities involved was

aLew Goldberg

bB. F. Skinner

cWalter Mischel

dJack Block

9) “What motives have evolved to help the person adapt to the environment and reproduce?” This question would most likely arise from which perspective?

atemporal-developmental

bbiological

cintrapsychic

dsociocultural

10) A central dimension of difference across cultures, studied today in cross-cultural psychology, is the difference along a continuum of

abiological-social.

bindividualism-collectivism.

cextraversion-introversion.

ddevelopedness-emergence.

11) According to Erikson, trust is learned by the infant

aand is associated with muscular maturation especially with holding and letting go.

bin the second stage of his developmental cycle.

cin Erikson's first stage, through testing and tasting, in a manner similar to Freud's idea of the oral stage.

dand if trust is overlearned it may lead to depressive or schizophrenic withdrawal.

12) “What are a person's most important psychological motives?” This question might most likely arise from which perspective?

aintrapsychic

bsociocultural

cbiological

dtemporal-developmental

13) “Trait” theories in general hold that

apeople have few characteristics that they share.

ba person's behavior is in many ways consistent over time.

cthe search for patterns in personality is misguided.

ddifferent situations produce entirely different behaviors.

14) One very important contribution of Maslow to the field of personality has been his emphasis on