Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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Kade, Ghana, 1957-1972 Kade, Ghana, 1957-1972 [PHOTOGRAPH] Photograph: Forest after clearing of secondary growth at the Kade site (click on the photo to view a series of images from this site). Data Citation Cite this data set as follows: Nye, P. H., and D. J. Greenland. 1998. NPP Tropical Forest: Kade, Ghana, 1957-1972. Data set. Available on-line [http://www.daac.ornl.gov] from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. Description Biomass and nutrient content of different vegetation components and soil for a secondary tropical forest were determined in the late 1950s at the Kade Agricultural Research Station of the former University College, Ghana. Net primary production (NPP) was estimated on the basis of standing biomass accumulation and litter fall. Later studies on litter and wood fall and

The presented work is aiming at climate change impacts and vulnerability assessment in Bulgaria Climate change may affect exposures to air pollutants by affecting weather and thereby local and regional pollution concentrations Local weather patterns ...

.6% Natural gas* 5.7% Liquid fuels 1.2% Notes and sources: SEWRC, December 2008; * cogeneration 6 3.2 Bulgaria is unable to cope with gas supply disruptions Bulgaria was unable to cope with the gas supply disruption of January 2009... of an explanation. First, the Bulgarian gas industry is organised as a de-facto monopoly, with Bulgargaz part of the 100% government-owned Bulgarian Energy Holding. Accordingly, the company is very well...

Providing sanitation to rural areas in Ghana remains a huge challenge. Government funding is scarce while many international donor projects are ineffective. This thesis explores the difficulties with rural sanitation ...

This study assesses the current state of rainwater harvesting in the Northern Region of Ghana and makes recommendations regarding if and how rainwater harvesting could be used to address Pure Home Water's goal of reaching ...

Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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While these samples are representative of the content of NLEBeta,
they are not comprehensive nor are they the most current set.
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An operational prototype of the Integrated Bulgarian Chemical Weather Forecasting and Information System is presented. This version of the system is limited to relatively low resolution (10 km) but covers all Bulgaria. It is based on the US EPA Models-3 System (MM5

United States Announces New Bilateral Partnership with Ghana United States Announces New Bilateral Partnership with Ghana United States Announces New Bilateral Partnership with Ghana March 16, 2012 - 2:16pm Addthis Washington, D.C. - The United States announced today that it has formed a new bilateral partnership with Ghana that will build on the strong bilateral ties between the two countries and support further cooperation on a range of economic development issues. On March 9, U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu and Ghana Finance Minister Kwabena Duffuor signed a Statement of Principles reaffirming our bilateral commitment to supporting President Obama's Partnership for Growth (PfG) Initiative. Ghana is one of the first four countries globally - including El Salvador, Tanzania, and the Philippines - to participate in the interagency PfG Initiative.

United States Announces New Bilateral Partnership with Ghana United States Announces New Bilateral Partnership with Ghana United States Announces New Bilateral Partnership with Ghana March 16, 2012 - 2:16pm Addthis Washington, D.C. - The United States announced today that it has formed a new bilateral partnership with Ghana that will build on the strong bilateral ties between the two countries and support further cooperation on a range of economic development issues. On March 9, U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu and Ghana Finance Minister Kwabena Duffuor signed a Statement of Principles reaffirming our bilateral commitment to supporting President Obama's Partnership for Growth (PfG) Initiative. Ghana is one of the first four countries globally - including El Salvador, Tanzania, and the Philippines - to participate in the interagency PfG Initiative.

Economic Development Economic Development Jump to: navigation, search Logo: Ghana-GTZ Sustainable Economic Development Name Ghana-GTZ Sustainable Economic Development Agency/Company /Organization Deutsche Gesellschaft fĂźr Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Partner German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) Sector Energy Topics Background analysis, Co-benefits assessment, - Energy Access Website http://www.gtz.de/en/weltweit/ Program Start 2006 Program End 2013 Country Ghana Western Africa References Sustainable Economic Development in Ghana[1] GTZ is working with Ghana on this project with the following objective: "The judicial, economic and institutional framework conditions and the access to energy as well as to financial and non-financial services has

Australia is now one of the worlds top three exporters of canola oil. inform takes a closer look at the factors that have advanced oilseed production in that country. Oilseeds in Australia Inform Magazine Inform Archives Processing Nick Goddard and Ma

Energy Consumption of Refrigerators in Ghana - Outcomes of Household Energy Consumption of Refrigerators in Ghana - Outcomes of Household Surveys Speaker(s): Essel Ben Hagan Date: July 12, 2007 - 12:00pm Location: 90-3122 Seminar Host/Point of Contact: Robert Van Buskirk Galen Barbose As part of activities to develop refrigerator efficiency standards regulations in Ghana, a national survey on the energy consumption of refrigerators and refrigerator-freezers has been conducted. The survey covered 1000 households in urban, peri-urban and rural communities in various parts of the country. The survey found that, on average, refrigerators and refrigerator-freezers in Ghana use almost three times what is allowed by minimum efficiency standards in the U.S., and a few refrigerators had energy use at levels almost ten times the U.S.

Energy Development and Access Project (GEDAP) Energy Development and Access Project (GEDAP) Jump to: navigation, search Name of project Ghana Energy Development and Access Project (GEDAP) Location of project Ghana Energy Services Lighting, Cooking and water heating, Information and communications Year initiated 2007 Organization World Bank Website http://web.worldbank.org/exter Coordinates 7.946527Â°, -1.023194Â° References World Bank[1] The objective of the Energy Development and Access Project in Ghana is to improve the operational efficiency of the electricity distribution system and increase the population's access to electricity. This will also cause Ghana to support its transition to a low-carbon economy through the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). The project has three main

Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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The DOE Office of Fossil Energy is maintaining a web site that is meant to provide useful business- and energy-related information about countries and regions of the world for exporters, project developers, and researchers. The site consists of more than 130 country pages (organized into seven different world regions), with each country page having its own set of links to information sources about that country. There are also more than 30 Country Energy Overviews at the web site -- each of these is a comprehensive review of a specific country's entire energy situation, including sections on Energy Policy, Oil, Natural Gas, Coal, Hydroelectric/Renewables, Nuclear Power, Energy Transmission Infrastructure, Electricity, Electric Industry Overview, Environmental Activities, Privatization, Trade, and Economic Situation. The specific country highlighted in this Country Energy Overview is Bulgaria. The site is designed to be dynamic. Updates to the overviews will be made as need and resource s permit.

The Kosim filter is a ceramic water filter that is currently used in Northern Ghana. Based on prior MIT research in Northern Ghana, this technology is effective at removing 92% of turbidity, 99.4% of total coliforms, and ...

Pure Home Water (PHW) is a non-profit based in Ghana that seeks to bring safe drinking water to those most in need in Northern Ghana through the production, sale, and distribution of ceramic pot filters (CPF) and other ...

In 2009, Pure Home Water (PHW), a Ghana based non-profit organization working to provide affordable and safe drinking water to people in the Northern Region of Ghana, began the construction of a ceramic pot filter (CPF) ...

Perspectives on types of schools from Ghana and Pakistan: revisiting the relationship between in both Ghana and Pakistan. While parents focus more on the economic opportunities that are becoming providers in the field of education in both Ghana and Pakistan. This has created a discernable rise

The author discusses the development of natural gas in Australia. In 1981, a two-phased project was begun to develop offshore natural gas for both domestic consumption and for export as liquefied natural gas (LNG). The author explains the progress of this project.

Alternative energy balances aimed to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are developed as alternatives to the baseline energy balance. The section of mitigation options is based on the results of the GHG emission inventory for the 1987-1992 period. The energy sector is the main contributor to the total CO{sub 2} emissions of Bulgaria. Stationary combustion for heat and electricity production as well as direct end-use combustion amounts to 80% of the total emissions. The parts of the energy network that could have the biggest influence on GHG emission reduction are identified. The potential effects of the following mitigation measures are discussed: rehabilitation of the combustion facilities currently in operation; repowering to natural gas; reduction of losses in thermal and electrical transmission and distribution networks; penetration of new combustion technologies; tariff structure improvement; renewable sources for electricity and heat production; waste-heat utilization; and supply of households with natural gas to substitute for electricity in space heating and cooking. The total available and the achievable potentials are estimated and the implementation barriers are discussed. 3 refs.

GhanaGhana provided by DLR Dataset Summary Description (Abstract): Documentation of the satellite-based high resolution solar resource assessment for Ghana provided by DLR. The high resolution solar data (10kmx10km) provide country maps of the annual and monthly sums of hourly global horizontal and direct normal irradiance (GHI and DNI) for the year 2000, 2001 and 2002. Additionally, for selected sites hourly values of GHI and DNI are provided.The Documentation gives an overview about the used input data and used methodology, shows example maps and describes a comparison with ground data (if provided by the country) (Purpose): The data are helpful for the assessment of the solar potential of the country and can give projet developer a first impression of the solar resource of the country. For the selected

The IRT 2000 research reactor, operated by the Bulgarian Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (INRNE), safely shipped all of their Russian-origin nuclear fuel from the Republic of Bulgaria to the Russian Federation beginning in 2003 and completing in 2008. These fresh and spent fuel shipments removed all highly enriched uranium (HEU) from Bulgaria. The fresh fuel was shipped by air in December 2003 using trucks and a commercial cargo aircraft. One combined spent fuel shipment of HEU and low enriched uranium (LEU) was completed in July 2008 using high capacity VPVR/M casks transported by truck, barge, and rail. The HEU shipments were assisted by the Russian Research Reactor Fuel Return Program (RRRFR) and the LEU spent fuel shipment was funded by Bulgaria. This report describes the work, approvals, organizations, equipment, and agreements required to complete these shipments and concludes with several major lessons learned.

In Australia, natural hot springs and hot artesian bores have been developed for recreational and therapeutic purposes. A district heating system at Portland, in the Otway Basin of western Victoria, has provided uninterrupted service for 12 Sears without significant problems, is servicing a building area of 18 990 m{sup 2}, and has prospects of expansion to manufacturing uses. A geothermal well has provided hot water for paper manufacture at Traralgon, in the Gippsland Basin of eastern Victoria. Power production from hot water aquifers was tested at Mulka in South Australia, and is undergoing a four-year production trial at Birdsville in Queensland. An important Hot Dry Rock resource has been confirmed in the Cooper Basin. It has been proposed to build an HDR experimental facility to test power production from deep conductive resources in the Sydney Basin near Muswellbrook.

The objectives of this study were to quantify land-cover changes. A short-term projection of land-cover distribution in a 2400-ha (1 ha = 10 000 m2 ) area of northern Ghana was generated. Landsat Thematic Mapper images acquired in 1984, 1992, and ...

Australian Importers Australian Importers Register | Manage Account Search Our Site Click to Search Our Site Export.gov Home Opportunities By Industry By Country Market Research Trade Events Trade Leads Free Trade Agreements Solutions International Sales & Marketing International Financing International Logistics Licenses & Regulations Trade Data & Analysis Trade Problems Locations Domestic Offices International Offices FAQ Blog Connect Home > Australia Local time in Sydney and Melbourne: : Print | E-mail Page AustraliaAustralia Home Doing Business in Australia Market Research on Australia Services for U.S. Companies Trade Events Business Service Providers Links Internships Contact Us Our Worldwide Network About Us Press Room Other Worldwide Markets G'day and welcome! The U.S. Commercial Service, Australia helps U.S. companies do business in

statistics and information agency. The Institutes mission is better health and wellbeing for Australians through better health and welfare statistics and information. The Australasian Association of Cancer Registries (AACR) is a collaborative body representing state and territory cancer registries in Australia and New Zealand. Most are members of the International Association of Cancer Registries. The AACR was formed in November 1982 to provide a formal mechanism for promoting uniformity of collection, classification and collation of cancer data. The objectives of the AACR are to:  Achieve national agreement on cancer-specific data definitions and coding and to encourage compliance with such agreements. As far as possible, data definitions and coding should be consistent with existing International Association of Cancer Registries (IACR) protocols and conventions. Facilitate the production of Australian, state and territory and national statistical publications on cancer that are comparable with each other and with international statistical publications. Improve the operational efficiency, and data completeness and quality, of the state and territory and New Zealand cancer registries through collaborative sharing of information. Contribute to national cancer control development in Australia and New Zealand through the regular and timely publication of local and national cancer statistics and the provision of data for cancer control research and health promotion. Contribute national data to international publications of the IACR. Contribute to international cancer coding and statistical analysis developments via members  involvement with IACR. Facilitate national epidemiological research projects on cancer (given appropriate local and AIHW ethics committee approvals).CANCER SERIES Number 28

Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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Ghana from NREL Ghana from NREL Dataset Summary Description (Abstract): Stand-alone and easy to use geographic toolkit that allows non-GIS users to relate the renewable energy resource (solar and wind) data to other geographic data, such as land use, protected areas, elevation, etc. (Purpose): The Solar and Wind Energy Resource Assessment (SWERA) Geospatial Toolkit (GsT) is a map-based software application that can be used for decision making and policy analysis in addition to planning for future energy projects. The SWERA application utilizes Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to develop common scenarios to evaluate potential locations for solar or wind energy plants. (Supplemental Information): The zip file contains the geospatial toolkit executable, Getting Started Document, and metadata.

Support for Future National Climate Change Policy Framework Support for Future National Climate Change Policy Framework Jump to: navigation, search Name CDKN-Ghana-Support for Future National Climate Change Policy Framework Agency/Company /Organization Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN), United Kingdom Department for International Development Partner Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), University of Ghana Sector Climate, Energy, Land Topics Background analysis, Low emission development planning, Pathways analysis Website http://cdkn.org/project/assist Program Start 2010 Program End 2011 Country Ghana UN Region Western Africa References CDKN-Ghana-Support for Future National Climate Change Policy Framework[1] Policy brief[2] "CDKN responded to a request by the Government of Ghana to help develop a

In July 2008, the Global Threat Reduction Initiative and the IRT 2000 research reactor in Sofia, Bulgaria, operated by the Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (INRNE), safely shipped 6.4 kilograms of Russian origin highly enriched uranium (HEU) spent nuclear fuel (SNF) to the Russian Federation. The shipment, which resulted in the removal of all HEU from Bulgaria, was conducted by truck, barge, and rail modes of transport across two transit countries before reaching the final destination at the Production Association Mayak facility in Chelyabinsk, Russia. This paper describes the work, equipment, organizations, and approvals that were required to complete the spent fuel shipment and provides lessons learned that might assist other research reactor operators with their own spent nuclear fuel shipments.

Atherton, Australia, 1974-1985 Atherton, Australia, 1974-1985 [PHOTOGRAPH] Photograph: View across the forest canopy near Atherton (click on the photo to view a series of images from this site) Data Citation Cite this data set as follows: Stocker, G. C. 2001. NPP Tropical Forest: Atherton, Australia, 1974-1985. Data set. Available on-line [http://www.daac.ornl.gov] from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. Description Litterfall was determined over 3-4 years (1974/5-1978) for two tropical rainforest sites and for 5 years (1980-1985) for a third study site near Atherton, Queensland, in northeast Australia. Although net primary production (NPP) was not determined, the extensive site description data and the rarity of measurements on tropical forests south of the Equator

The Australian Government Treasury modelling of a carbon price shows that Australia must purchase the benefits of overseas abatement efforts if it is to meet its emission reduction target by 2050. That is, foreign abatement will be required to supplement domestic abatement efforts. If more domestic abatement were available, fewer foreign credits would be needed. As an example, the analysis here shows that for the core Treasury policy scenario, Australia could save up to $185 billion net in abatement costs by 2050 if 25 gigawatts of nuclear generation capacity were built instead of building new fossil fuel generators.

On March 3 and 4, 1998, a visit was made to Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) by two officials from Ghana: Mr. I.K. Mintah, Acting Executive Director, Technical Wing, Ministry of Mines and Energy (MOME) and Dr. A.K. Ofosu-Ahenkorah, Coordinator, Energy Efficiency and Conservation Program, MOME. As a result of this visit, Dr. John S. Hsu of ORNL was invited by MOME to visit the Republic of Ghana in order to study the feasibility of improving electric motor service centers in Ghana.

data for selected stations in Ghana data for selected stations in Ghana from NREL Dataset Summary Description (Abstract): Each TMY is a data set of hourly values of solar radiation and meteorological elements for a 1-year period. Solar radiation is modeled using the NREL METSTAT model, with surface observed cloud cover being the principal model input. The container file contains one TMY file for each selected station in the region, plus documentation files and a TMY data reader file for use with Microsoft Excel. (Purpose): Simulations> (Supplemental Information): A TMY consists of months selected from individual years and concatenated to form a complete year. The intended use is for computer simulations of solar energy conversion systems and building systems. Because of the selection criteria, these TMYs are not appropriate for simulations of wind energy conversion systems. A TMY provides a standard for hourly data for solar radiation and other meteorological elements that permit performance comparisons of system types and configurations for one or more locations. A TMY is not necessarily a good indicator of conditions over the next year, or even the next 5 years. Rather, it represents conditions judged to be typical over a long period of time, such as 30 years. Because they represent typical rather than extreme conditions, they are not suited for designing systems and their components to meet the worst-case conditions occurring at a location.

Ghana-Paving the Way for Low Carbon Development Strategies Ghana-Paving the Way for Low Carbon Development Strategies Jump to: navigation, search Name Ghana-Paving the Way for Low Carbon Development Strategies Agency/Company /Organization Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands Sector Energy Topics Background analysis, Low emission development planning Website http://www.ecn.nl/en/ Program Start 2009 Program End 2010 Country Ghana Western Africa References ECN Policy Studies[1] Paving the Way for Low Carbon Development Strategies[2] Overview The projects has three main goals: to provide input for a general methodology for developing Low Carbon Development Strategies to contribute to knowledge, mutual understanding and experience on the concept of Low Carbon Development Strategies with the aim to inform the international climate negotiations

In Northern Region Ghana (NRG), highly turbid rainwater runoff and intermittent streams are collected in earthen dams called dugouts. These dams serve as many communities' main source of drinking and domestic water despite ...

Microbial water quality analyses were conducted on 15 samples of factory-produced sachet water and 15 samples of hand-tied sachet water, sold in Tamale, Ghana. The tests included the membrane filtration (MF) test using ...

Ceramic water filters are currently produced in Ghana in order to provide a household solution to contaminated water. These filters, locally branded with the name Kosim filter by originating from Potters for Peace-Nicaragua, ...

A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted to obtain baseline data on drinking water and sanitation practices in the Northern Region of Ghana. This study was performed in conjunction with Pure Home Water (PHW) ...

Urban land-cover change is increasing dramatically in most developing nations. In Africa and in the New Juaben municipality of Ghana in particular, political stability and active socioeconomic progress has pushed the urban frontier into the ...

Four local plastic design (LPD) BSFs were constructed in Northern Region, Ghana, to test and evaluate an experimental modification of the LPD BSF for treatment of highly turbid water. Modifications of the LPD BSFs were ...

A range of household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) products are available in Northern Region Ghana which have the potential to significantly improve local drinking water quality. However, to date, the region has ...

Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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Ghana Wind Energy Resource Assessment Ghana Wind Energy Resource Assessment Dataset Summary Description (Abstract): This document describes the development of detailed high-resolution (1 km2) wind energy resource maps for Ghana. (Purpose): To provide information on the wind resource potential within Ghana. Source NREL Date Released August 21st, 2006 (8 years ago) Date Updated August 21st, 2006 (8 years ago) Keywords documentation GEF Ghana GIS NREL SWERA UNEP wind Data application/pdf icon Download Report (pdf, 54.3 KiB) Quality Metrics Level of Review Some Review Comment Temporal and Spatial Coverage Frequency Time Period 2006 License License Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication and Licence (PDDL) Comment Restrictions to use (Use Constraints): This GIS data was developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory ("NREL"), which is operated by the Midwest Research Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy ("DOE"). The user is granted the right, without any fee or cost, to use, copy, modify, alter, enhance and distribute this data for any purpose whatsoever, provided that this entire notice appears in all copies of the data. Further, the user of this data agrees to credit NREL in any publications or software that incorporate or use the data. Access to and use of the GIS data shall further impose the following obligations on the User. The names DOE/NREL may not be used in any advertising or publicity to endorse or promote any product or commercial entity using or incorporating the GIS data unless specific written authorization is obtained from DOE/NREL. The User also understands that DOE/NREL shall not be obligated to provide updates, support, consulting, training or assistance of any kind whatsoever with regard to the use of the GIS data. THE GIS DATA IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL DOE/NREL BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO CLAIMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE LOSS OF DATA OR PROFITS, WHICH MAY RESULT FROM AN ACTION IN CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS CLAIM THAT ARISES OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE ACCESS OR USE OF THE GIS DATA. The User acknowledges that access to the GIS data is subject to U.S. Export laws and regulations and any use or transfer of the GIS data must be authorized under those regulations. The User shall not use, distribute, transfer, or transmit GIS data or any products incorporating the GIS data except in compliance with U.S. export regulations. If requested by DOE/NREL, the User agrees to sign written assurances and other export-related documentation as may be required to comply with U.S. export regulations.

Wind Energy Resource Mapping Activity Wind Energy Resource Mapping Activity Introduction This document describes the development of detailed high-resolution (1 km 2 ) wind energy resource maps for the country of Ghana. These maps were created at the United States Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) as part of the Solar and Wind Energy Resource Assessment (SWERA) project for the United Nations Environment Programme. The wind mapping activity covered approximately 110,000 km 2 of land area and, including offshore areas, more than 150,000 km 2 . The maps can be found in a separate part of the SWERA archive. NREL's Wind Resource Assessment and Mapping System (WRAMS) is a combination of analytical, numerical, and empirical methods using Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping tools and data

A simple replication of developed country applianceefficiency labels and standards is unlikely to be feasible in Ghana andmany other countries in Africa. Yet by creatively modifying the developedcountry appliance efficiency market transformation model, it should bepossible to achieve dramatic energy use reductions. As was true indeveloped countries in the previous two decades, refrigeration efficiencyimprovements provide the greatest energy savings potential in theresidential electricity sector in Ghana. Although Ghana, like manyAfrican countries may impose standards on imports since Ghana does nothave manufacturing facilities for appliances in country. This approachmay hurt some consumers who patronize a very diverse market of usedappliances imported from Europe. We discuss how meeting the challenges ofthe Ghanaian market will require modification of the usual energyefficiency labeling and standards paradigm. But once a refrigeratormarket transformation is accomplished in Ghana, we estimate an averageenergy savings potential of 550 kWh/refrigerator/year, and a monetarysavings of more than $35/refrigerator/year. We discuss how this modifiedrefrigerator efficiency market transformation may occur in the Ghanaiancontext. If successful, this market transformation is likely to be anexample for many other African countries.

The aim of this paper is to present a general overview of the radioactive releases impact generated by Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant (KNPP), Bulgaria to the environment and public. The liquid releases presented are known as the so called controlled water discharges, that are generated after reprocessing of the inevitable accumulated liquid radioactive waste in the plant operation process. The radionuclides containing in the liquid releases are given in the paper as a result of systematic measuring. Database for radiation doses evaluation on the public around Kozloduy NPP site is developed using IAEA LADTAP computerized program. The computer code LADTAP represents realization of a model that evaluates the public dose as a result of NPP releases under normal operation conditions. The results of this evaluation were the basic licensing document for a new liquid release limit.

Science journalism has been studied from the perspectives of science journalists in the West. However, studies of science journalism from the perspectives of general reporters in developing or developed countries are scarce. This study was a survey of general reporters in Ghana belonging to the Ghana Journalists Association. In all, 151 members responded to a self-administered questionnaire that the researcher delivered to their worksites and a central location. Respondents were asked mainly about their demographic and professional characteristics, sources used for reporting science, number of science stories reported in the past 12 months, topics of science reporting interest, factors motivating or serving as barriers to science reporting, and the future of science journalism in Ghana. Data were analyzed using statistical tools and content analysis. The demographic and professional characteristics resembled those found previously in Ghana and elsewhere. The most commonly cited format of science journalism training was workshops or seminars after graduation. Health professionals and scientists were perceived as very important sources for science stories, and the respondents recalled interviewing them more frequently than others. Generally, respondents reported writing more science news stories than science features. There was an inverse correlation between the number of years spent in journalism and the number of science features reported (p = 0.017). Health science was the most commonly cited topic of reporting interest. Most respondents indicated that training in science journalism or access to scientific research findings would motivate them to report science more. Many cited lack of training in science reporting or lack of contact information for scientific researchers as barriers to science reporting. Many respondents said the current status of science journalism in Ghana is low, and most favored increasing the amount of science journalism, in part to promote public literacy in science. The findings indicate that Ghana should consider offering more science journalism training, particularly in journalism schools, and should promote ready access of journalists to research findings and to contact information of scientific researchers.

> BUREAU HOME > AUSTRALIA > QUEENSLAND > FORECASTS BRISBANE FORECAST IMPROVEMENTS The Bureau of Meteorology is progressively upgrading its forecast system to provide more detailed forecasts across Australia. From October 2013 new and improved 7 day forecasts will be introduced for Brisbane, Gold Coast

After brief descriptions of the Rundle, Condor, and Stuart/Kerosene Creek oil shale projects in Queensland, the competitive advantages of oil shale development and the state and federal governments' attitudes towards an oil shale industry in Australia are discussed. It is concluded that Australia is the ideal country in which to start an oil shale industry.

Multitemporal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images for 1984, 1992, and 1999 were used to map and detect land-cover changes in a 5400-km2 area within the Volta Lake basin of Ghana. The most dominant land-cover change was the conversion of natural ...

A promising strategy to promote good governance is harnessing the opportunities provided by the use of mobile phones, widely accessible to most segments of the society, for delivering public information and services and for decision-making by government. ... Keywords: Ghana, ICT4D, development, e-governance, mobile phones, public policy

Pure Home Water (PHW) is a social enterprise that promotes and disseminates household drinking water technologies in the Northern Region of Ghana. Currently their main product is a pot-shaped Potters for Peace-type ceramic ...

This work aimed to inform the design of ceramic pot filters to be manufactured by the organization Pure Home Water (PHW) in Northern Ghana, and to model the flow through an innovative paraboloid-shaped ceramic pot filter. ...

2.5 billion people worldwide do not have access to improved sanitation and Sub-Saharan Africa is not on track to meet the MDG sanitation target. As of 2010, Ghana has achieved 14% national improved sanitation coverage and ...

Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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Australia experienced the most disastrous bushfires in over 40 years on Ash Wednesday, 16 February 1983. This article describes the meteorological conditions prior to, during and after these fires, and includes photographs from GMS-2. It also ...

and Horticultural Society of South Australia and Horticultural Society of South Australia Jump to: navigation, search Name Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Society of South Australia Place South Australia, Australia Zip SA 5034 Sector Buildings, Solar Product South-Australia-based agricultural and horticultural society. The society is installing 1MW solar power systems on six separate buildings. References Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Society of South Australia[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Society of South Australia is a company located in South Australia, Australia . References â "Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Society of South

Ghana from NREL Ghana from NREL Dataset Summary Description (Abstract): Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data intended for use in the Geospatial toolkit or with any GIS software. (Purpose): The Solar and Wind Energy Resource Assessment (SWERA) Geospatial Toolkit (GsT) is a map-based software application that can be used for decision making and policy analysis in addition to planning for future energy projects. The SWERA application utilizes Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to develop common scenarios to evaluate potential locations for solar or wind energy plants. (Supplemental Information): The zip file contains the available geospatial toolkit data and metadata. Each country's data package depends on the data provided by the SWERA partners. ---------------------------------------------------------

The earthquake record and the Code for design and construction in seismic regions in Bulgaria have shown that the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria is exposed to a high seismic risk due to local shallow and regional strong intermediate-depth seismic sources. The available strong motion database is quite limited, and therefore not representative at all of the real hazard. The application of the neo-deterministic seismic hazard assessment procedure for two main Bulgarian cities has been capable to supply a significant database of synthetic strong motions for the target sites, applicable for earthquake engineering purposes. The main advantage of the applied deterministic procedure is the possibility to take simultaneously and correctly into consideration the contribution to the earthquake ground motion at the target sites of the seismic source and of the seismic wave propagation in the crossed media. We discuss in this study the result of some recent applications of the neo-deterministic seismic microzonation procedure to the cities of Sofia and Russe. The validation of the theoretically modeled seismic input against Eurocode 8 and the few available records at these sites is discussed.

Interest in water resources and hydropower has been low in Bulgaria for over 20 years and only about 33% of the potential hydropower available to the Country are currently being utilized. This is due in part to past design practices that utilized large reservoirs to regulate runoff and create the necessary head. The Iskar River does not allow for the typical design. However, in recent years, technical advancement in machinery design and more efficient turbine-generators has led to the development of low-head hydro projects. Studies determined that the Iskar Cascade can support low-head hydro development and could provide as much as 93 MW of capacity. This project will initially consist of the construction of three hydroelectric facilities along a 120-km section of the Iskar river in western Bulgaria. Each facility will consist of a powerhouse (housing a turbine and generator), an embankment dam, a concrete spillway with regulating gates, a fish passage, and associated transformers and switchgear. This report gives a description of the project, its sources of funding for specific measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, forecasts of greenhouse gas emissions with and without these specific measures, and other environmental considerations.

Ghana is one of the few countries that was re-classified from low-income country to low-middle income country in 2011 by the World Bank (World Bank, 2011a). At the same time, Ghana is still in the process of achieving the ...

Cold events (CEs) are an important feature of southern Australian weather. Unseasonably cold conditions can have a significant impact on Australias agricultural industry and other aspects of society. In this study the bottom 0.4% of maximum ...

Australia has a long history of transparent, high-integrity secret ballot elections. As elections are increasingly dependent on electronic systems, the traditions of transparency and privacy must extend to new technologies and ways of scrutinizing them. ... Keywords: Nominations and elections,Electronic voting,Australia,Cryptography,Privacy,Observers,transparency,e-voting,Australia,elections,preferential voting,security

In much of the Western United States, reducing residential water use is a major source of water conservation, especially as population growth urbanizes agricultural land. While estimates of the potential of conservation are useful, the experience of Australia provides a realistic target for residential water conservation. Although reliability of urban water use data is often questionable, it is clear that Australians use less water than Californians, with a similar climate, economy, and culture. Per-capita usage is compared, and explanations for use differences are offered. If California had the same residential water use rates as Australia, it could have reduced gross urban water use by 2,600 GL (2.1 million acre-feet) in 2009 and potentially saved 1,800 GL (1.5 million acre-feet) for consumptive use by others.

Australia is a large, sparsely populated country with an economy based traditionally on raw materials exports. Though still a major international trader in minerals and agricultural products, Australia has suffered a decline in productivity, employment, exports, and economic growth since the 1950s. Most energy research and development (R and D) and policymaking activities are carried out under the National Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration (NERDD) program. The NERDD program priorities include, among others, production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels from natural gas or coal-derived synthesis gas and oil and gas exploration, assessment, and recovery technology (high priority); production of liquid fuels from coal and oil shale by hydrogenation or pyrolysis, coal gasification, and achievement of cost reductions in coal and oil shale exploration and assessment techniques (medium priority); and in-situ coal gasification (low priority). Bilateral agreements for energy R and D with other countries are carried out under the Australian Department of National Development and Energy. Australia currently has agreements related to oil, gas, shale, and coal liquids R and D with the UK, the US, Japan, and West Germany.

Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of the possibilities and challenges facing the application of e-business in the Ghanaian exporting sector. The paper also ascertains, from a value chain perspective, the extent of e-business ... Keywords: E-business, Exports, Ghana, Internet, Value chain

Begins Australia Visit Begins Australia Visit Secretary Bodman Begins Australia Visit January 11, 2006 - 10:24am Addthis Two day trip highlighted by Asia-Pacific Partnership inaugural meeting SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA - Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman on Wednesday began a two day visit to Australia where he will lead the United States delegation to the inaugural meeting of the Asia-Pacific Partnership for Clean Development and Climate (APP). The APP brings together governments and private sector entities from Australia, China, India, Japan, South Korea and the United States to encourage the deployment of clean energy technologies and international cooperation in eight areas: cleaner fossil energy; renewable and distributed generation; power generation and transmission; aluminum; steel; cement; buildings and appliances; and

In 2005, a start-up social business called Pure Home Water (PHW) was begun in Ghana to promote and sell household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) technologies. The original aim of the company was to offer a variety ...

Objective: Despite the advancement of forensic science, electro-traumas still pose serious challenges. Methods: We have studied the forensic medical documentation from 485 autopsies following electro-trauma over the period 19802006, performed at the forensic wards in 6 districts of the country The statistical analysis includes comparison of means and percentages. They are carried out using SPSS Version 11. We accepted statistical significant values of P =.05. Results: The incidence of lethal injuries caused by electricity is 1.29 cases per 100000 people per year. The average age of the deceased from electro-trauma is 37.3 years. Men (85%) prevails over women (14.84%). There are 24.32 % of the cases that are work-related accidents, and 60.61 % of them are domestic. Suicide through electrocution is relatively rare: 7.21%. Homicide has not been registered in our study. Low-voltage injuries (42.06%) are more common than high-voltage ones (30.72%). 62.68 % of the lethal cases occur in summer, between June and September. Conclusions: Among the studied cases, electro-trauma occurs at a young age. The victims are typically men. Work-related accidents are more common than domestic ones; injuries by low voltage are observed more frequently than those by high voltage. Suicides are very rare, and not a single case of homicide has been observed in the study. There exists a seasonal variation in incidence of lethal accidents caused by electric current, its peak being during the summer months. Despite the advancement of forensic science, electro-traumas (ET) still pose a serious challenge. The aim of the study is to examine the incidence and characterization of ET in some areas of Bulgaria as well as the victims  average age and their distribution by gender. METHODS The study has been conducted in 6 districts of the Republic of Bulgaria on a total area of 16 910.31 km 2 (15.23 % ą 0.54 % of the whole countrys territory) and a population of 1 388 277 (17.98 % ą 0.06 % of the whole population). 1 We have studied the forensic medical documentation from 485 autopsies caused by ET over the period 19802006, performed at

Integrated waste management has been accepted as a sustainable approach to solid waste management in any region. It can be applied in both developed and developing countries. The difference is the approach taken to develop the integrated waste management system. This review looks at the integrated waste management system operating in the city of London, Ontario-Canada and how lessons can be drawn from the system's development and operation that will help implement a sustainable waste management system in the city of Kumasi, Ghana. The waste management system in London is designed such that all waste generated in the city is handled and disposed of appropriately. The responsibility of each sector handling waste is clearly defined and monitored. All major services are provided and delivered by a combination of public and private sector forces. The sustainability of the waste management in the city of London is attributed to the continuous improvement strategy framework adopted by the city based on the principles of integrated waste management. It is perceived that adopting a strategic framework based on the principles of integrated waste management with a strong political and social will, can transform the current waste management in Kumasi and other cities in developing countries in the bid for finding lasting solutions to the problems that have plagued the waste management system in these cities.

This paper reports that the $2 billion (Australian) Goodwyn field development project on Australia's Northwest Shelf is under way with installation of a 17,500 metric ton steel platform jacket. Northwest Shelf project operator Woodside Petroleum Pty. Ltd. and partners are continuing with an extensive exploration program in the Northwest Shelf area. The group expects to begin soon a wide ranging 3-D seismic survey over the WA-28-P license area and the Northwest Shelf production permits. The goal is to identify new and appraise existing oil and gas prospects in the region for an exploratory drilling campaign to begin in first half 1993. Finding more gas reserves would bode well for extending existing LNG contracts with Japan or competing for new markets in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan.

This report is part of a series of reports on building energy efficiency codes in countries associated with the Asian Pacific Partnership (APP) - Australia, South Korea, Japan, China, India, and the United States of America (U.S.). This reports gives an overview of the development of building energy codes in Australia, including national energy policies related to building energy codes, history of building energy codes, recent national projects and activities to promote building energy codes. The report also provides a review of current building energy codes (such as building envelope, HVAC, and lighting) for commercial and residential buildings in Australia.

A number of severe springtime fire weather events have occurred in Tasmania, Australia, in recent years. Two such events are examined here in some detail, in an attempt to understand the mechanisms involved in the events. Both events exhibit ...

The east coast of Australia is a region of the world where a particular type of extratropical cyclone, known locally as an east coast low, frequently occurs with severe consequences such as extreme rainfall, winds, and waves. The likelihood of ...

To determine the possible importance of ENSO events along the coast of South Australia, an exploratory analysis is made of meteorological and oceanographic data and output from a global ocean model. Long time series of coastal sea level and wind ...

This article presents the outlook for the Australia/Pacific area with respect to petroleum. The main observations are: ATEA forsees Australia drilling declining by nearly 50% this year compared to last; With no tax relief in sight for crude, major Aussie oil projects are delayed; New Zealand's leasing moratorium has ended, and licensing policies have improved; Australia's self-sufficiency dream vanishes as Bass Strait exports dwindle; Gulf has more finds onshore Papua/New Guinea, but well economics still questionable; Australian gas projects enjoy some insulation from poor crude markets; Jabiru find in Timor Sea due onstream, and Northwest Shelf LNG export plans continue; Australia's largest operators each announce budget cuts; rig count continues to plunge.

The barotropic intraseasonal variability in the AustraliaAntarctic Basin (AAB) is studied in terms of the excitation and decay of topographically trapped barotropic modes. The main objective is to reconcile two widely differing estimates of the ...

A technique for obtaining downscaled rainfall projections from climate model simulations is described. This technique makes use of the close association between mean sea level pressure (MSLP) patterns and rainfall over southern Australia during ...

Summertime (DecemberFebruary) rainfall over northwestern Australia has increased significantly since the middle of the twentieth century. As a prerequisite to understanding the observed trend, this investigation examines the broad characteristics ...

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The Cold War Era left the major participants, the United States and the former Soviet Union (FSU), with large environmental legacies in terms of facility contamination and environmental degradation. Although the countries face similar issues from similar activities, important differences in waste management practices make the potential environmental and health risks of more immediate concern in the FSU and Eastern Europe. In the West, most nuclear and chemical waste is stored in known contained locations, while in the East much of the equivalent material is unconfined, contaminating the environment. The knowledge and experiences of the U.S. in these initial cleanup efforts are seen as important information in many North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Partner countries, where the environmental problems are more severe and the cleanup budgets more limited. An Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on ''Risk Assessment Activities for the Cold War Facilities and Environmental Legacies'' was held in Bourgas, Bulgaria, May 2-11, 2000. The objective of the ASI was to provide information to facilitate and enable decision-making activities affecting the environment and human populations in the NATO and Partner countries. Specifically, the ASI provided a forum to communicate the current status of risk analysis and management methodologies and their appropriate application. It addressed scientific approaches and application experiences from the initial U.S. risk assessment activities. This book is the product of the ASI. The power of the text lies in linking information on legacies with an integrated view of controlling the risk of those legacies. Risk can only be effectively controlled by proper balance of three central concepts: risk analysis, risk perception, and risk management. The editors were drawn together by the joint recognition that risk analysis methods had matured over the past 30 years in several fields, relatively independent of each other. It was time to integrate all these forms of risk analysis under one framework, identifying the reasons for the seemingly disparate approaches and the gains to be reaped by bringing them together. Part I of this book gives detailed information on the three central concepts and gives further definition to facility-centered and human-centered approaches to risk analysis and risk management. Part II of this book gives extensive information on the legacies, our perception of the risk associated with them, and, in some cases, tools for analyzing that risk. Part III of the book relies heavily on applications as a means of presenting detailed information on risk assessment programs and methodologies. Finally, Part IV provides details on future activities. Applications were selected for this text that illustrate the strengths and limitations of different risk methodologies for assessments of military and Cold War legacy facilities in NATO and Partner countries. The textbook shows how specific needs have been met by the various risk methodologies and stress the need for an integrated view that uses the various risk methodologies in a complementary rather than competitive manner.

The temporal variability of the frequency of short-duration extreme precipitation events in Australia for the period 19102006 is examined using the high-quality rainfall dataset identified by the Bureau of Meteorology, Australia, for 189 ...

Alan Noble Director of Engineering, Google Australia and New Zealand NICTA Canberra Research and management experience, in Australia, the United States and Japan. Since Feb 2007 he has lead Google's research and development operations in Australia, one of Google's fastest growing engineering centres

This paper has two principal objectives: to provide an account of the nature and extent of e-government in Australia at the three levels of government and to examine some of the major obstacles to the realization of the potential of e-government. Drawing ... Keywords: ICT, Internet, e-government, joined up government, managerialist

Detonations at the depth of the sound channel axis off Perth, Australia were recorded on Bermuda hydrophones at a 178°.2 range (180° is antipodal). The analysis by Shockley et al. of this 1960 transmission experiment allows for the geographic ...

Historical records of mean monthly cloud amount over Australia have been studied to determine whether there is any long-term trend. Of 318 stations with more than 30 years of data, 252 show an increase and 66 a decrease. The cloud amount shows a ...

Examples of cool-season tornadic thunderstorms in California and southern Australia are examined. Almost one-half of the reported Australian tornadoes and the majority of those in California occur in the cool season. It is shown that in both ...

This paper discusses how preparations are being made for the construction and operation of a semi commercial plant to process Australian oil shale. This plant is primarily designed to demonstrate the technical feasibility of processing these shales at low cost. Nevertheless it is expected to generate modest profits even at this demonstration level. This will be the first step in a three staged development of one of the major Australian oil shale deposits which may ultimately provide nearly 10% of Australia's anticipated oil requirements by the end of the century. In turn this development should provide the basis for a full scale oil shale industry in Australia based upon the advantageously disposed oil shale deposits there. New sources of oil are becoming critical since Australian production is declining rapidly while consumption is accelerating.

The following topics are included: country overview; energy summary; geopolitical, economic, and cultural aspects of Australia; the energy profile; and international agreements, contacts, manufacturers, and projects. (MHR)

Nuclear Energy Partnership Triples in Size to 16 Members Nuclear Energy Partnership Triples in Size to 16 Members Global Nuclear Energy Partnership Triples in Size to 16 Members September 16, 2007 - 2:33pm Addthis Nations Sign On to International Cooperation for Safe Expansion of Nuclear Energy Worldwide VIENNA, AUSTRIA - U.S. Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman and senior international officials from 16 nations today agreed to increase international nuclear energy cooperation through the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP). China, France, Japan, Russia and the United States, who are original GNEP partners, as well as Australia, Bulgaria, Ghana, Hungary, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, and Ukraine signed a "Statement of Principles", which addresses the prospects of expanding the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, including enhanced

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Can an "Indigenous Employment Program" work? A case study of National Australia Bank Anne Daly, J780, J240 #12;2 Can an "Indigenous Employment Program" work? A case study of National Australia reports the results of a study of participants in the NAB Indigenous Employment Program who have become

Synoptic weather systems form an important part of the physical link between remote large-scale climate drivers and regional rainfall. A synoptic climatology of daily rainfall events is developed for the Central Wheatbelt of southwestern Australia ...

Four extended observational campaigns were conducted during August and November 1988 with an ST (stratospheretroposphere) radar in southern Australia during the passage of cold fronts over the system, giving around 30 days of three-dimensional ...

Data from a precipitation gauge network in the Snowy Mountains of southeastern Australia have been analyzed to produce a new climatology of wintertime precipitation and airmass history for the region in the period 19902009. Precipitation amounts ...

The synoptic pattern over northeastern Australia is dominated in the warmer months by a ridgetrough system. Accurate prediction of the location of the system is a significant forecasting problem for regional and global operational models. The ...

During the spring and summer months, the southeast coast of Australia often experiences abrupt southerly wind changes, the leading edge being known locally as a southerly buster. The main characteristic of this phenomenon is the sudden shift in ...

Bushfires in southeastern Australia are a serious environmental problem, and consistently cause loss of life and damage to property and other assets. Understanding synoptic processes that can lead to dangerous fire weather conditions throughout ...

Rainfall in both southwest Western Australia (SWWA) and North China (NC) has been declining substantially since the mid-1960s, which has led to a series of droughts in both regions since then. Using observed rainfall datasets in China and ...

Characteristics of atmospheric blocking in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) are explored in atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations with the Community Atmosphere Model, version 3, with a particular focus on the Australia-New Zealand ...

A case study of frontogenesis within a surface prefrontal trough over southern Australia is presented. The trough developed ahead of a surface cold front and, over a period of approximately 24 h, intensified into a mature summertime frontal ...

On 1 December 1987, an unusual midlatitude cyclone affected much of southeastern Australia. The storm was characterized by unforced rapid deepening to a near record low (locally) mean sea-level pressure, high winds, anomalously cold surface ...

This study examines the influence of ENSO on the diurnal cycle of rainfall during boreal winter for the period 19982010 over the Maritime Continent (MC) and Australia using Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and reanalysis data. The ...

A clustering algorithm was applied to Frequency with Altitude Diagrams (FADs) derived from 4 yr of hourly radar data to objectively define four tropical precipitation regimes that occur during the wet season over Darwin Australia. The ...

A season of operational cell and track data from Darwin, Australia, has been analyzed to explore the statistical characteristics of the convective cell heights. The statistics for the monsoon and break regimes are significantly different with the ...

At the time of its inception in 2008, the Strategic Indigenous Housing and Infrastructure Program (SIHIP) was the largest indigenous housing program in Australia's history. SIHIP represented a $672million investment by the ...

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The relationship between Indian summer (JuneSeptember) monsoon rainfall and sea surface temperatures around northern AustraliaIndonesia has been explored using data from 1949 to 1991. Warm sea surface temperatures are generally associated with ...

For the first time, a high-resolution regional model is developed for the slope and shelf circulation within the Great Australian Bight and for the Gulfs region of South Australia. The results indicate the extent, nature, and dynamical ...

Annual discharge (Q) in the largest river system in Australia, the River Murray (including the extensive tributary network of the Darling River), is often inversely related to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the eastern equatorial ...

A forecast method capable of estimating date of last frost and number of frosts per season in northeastern Australia some months in advance is described. Forecast skill is achieved using either Southern Oscillation index (SOI) patterns (phases) ...

Two-year time series measurements of current velocity and temperature in the Subantarctic Front (SAF) south of Australia from 1993 to 1995 provide estimates of eddy fluxes of heat and momentum across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and ...

Australia, Iceland and the U.S. Launch International Partnership to Australia, Iceland and the U.S. Launch International Partnership to Promote Advanced Geothermal Technologies Australia, Iceland and the U.S. Launch International Partnership to Promote Advanced Geothermal Technologies August 28, 2008 - 3:20pm Addthis REYKJAVIK, ICELAND - The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Acting Assistant Secretary for Policy and International Affairs Katharine Fredriksen, Australia's Ambassador to Iceland Sharyn Minahan, and Iceland's Minister of Industry Energy and Tourism Ossur Skarphedinsson today signed the charter of the International Partnership for Geothermal Technology (IPGT), signaling the commitment of the three countries to aggressively foster and promote cutting edge geothermal technologies to promote energy security and

The region off Dampier Land, Australia was selected for study as a potential OTEC site. The region examined was between 13--18/sup 0/ South latitude and 118--121/sup 0/ East longitude. Data coverage was sparse, but the existing data demonstrated a fine potential for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) use. The maximum temperature gradient remains relatively stable throughout the year. The annual average ..delta..T at 1000 meters is 22.6/sup 0/C. At 600 meters, an annual average ..delta..T greater than 20/sup 0/C is obtainable. The continental shelf off Dampier Land is very wide; thus, the distance to water 1500 meters deep may be as much as 480 kilometers (260 nautical miles). Water 1000 meters deep lies at least 265 kilometers (143 nautical miles) offshore. This distance is a major problem, perhaps necessitating the use of a plant ship. Tropical storms can be a problem between December and April. The ocean off Dampier Land has an upper mixed layer throughout the year. Currents are generally moderate, although the surface circulation pattern changes during the year.

Both, the current level of air pollution studies and social needs in the country, are in a stage mature enough for creating Bulgarian Chemical Weather Forecasting and Information System The system is foreseen to provide in real time forecast of the spatial/temporal ...

Australia`s electric power industry (EPI) is undergoing major restructuring. This restructuring includes commercialization of state-owned electric organization through privatization and through corporatization into separate governmental business units; structural unbundling of generation, transmission, retailing, and distribution; and creation of a National Electricity Market (NEM) organized as a centralized, market-based trading pool for buying and selling electricity. The principal rationales for change in the EPI were the related needs of enhancing international competitiveness, improving productivity, and lowering electric rates. Reducing public debt through privatization also played an important role. Reforms in the EPI are part of the overall economic reform package that is being implemented in Australia. Enhancing efficiency in the economy through competition is a key objective of the reforms. As the need for reform was being discussed in the early 1990s, Australia`s previous prime minister, Paul Keating, observed that {open_quotes}the engine which drives efficiency is free and open competition.{close_quotes} The optimism about the economic benefits of the full package of reforms across the different sectors of the economy, including the electricity industry, is reflected in estimated benefits of a 5.5 percent annual increase in real gross domestic product and the creation of 30,000 more jobs. The largest source of the benefits (estimated at 25 percent of total benefits) was projected to come from reform of the electricity and gas sectors.

Rainfall over northern Australia (NA) in austral summer is the largest water source of Australia. Previous studies have suggested a strong zonal-dipole trend pattern in austral summer rainfall since 1950, with rainfall increasing in northwest ...

The adoption of mobile technologies for emergency management has the capacity to save lives. In Australia in February 2009, the Victorian Bushfires claimed 173 lives, the worst peace-time disaster in the nation's history. The Australian government responded ... Keywords: Emergency Alert, Emergency Declaration, Emergency Response, Emergency Warning, Location-Based Services, National Security, Public Policy, Regulation, Socio-Ethics, Standards

Agriculture is the highest consumer of water resources in Australia. Soil water models play a vital role in agriculture in terms of estimating water use, water allocation and current water status at a given scale. This paper reviews widely-used soil ... Keywords: Applications, Complex models, Data availability, Limitations, Model review, Performances, Simple models, Soil water modelling, Water balance

This article provides an overview of Health Impact Assessment (HIA) within Australia. We discuss the development and current position of HIA and offer some directions for HIA's progression. Since the early 1990s HIA activity in Australia has increased and diversified in application and practice. This article first highlights the emergent streams of HIA practice across environmental, policy and health equity foci, and how these have developed within Australia. The article then provides summaries of current practice provided by each Australian state and territory. We then offer some insight into current issues that require further progression or resolution if HIA is to progress effectively in Australia. This progress rests both on developing broad system support for HIA across government, led by the health sector, and developing system capacity to undertake, commission or review HIAs. We argue that a unified and clear HIA approach is required as a prerequisite to gaining the understanding and support for HIA in the public and private sectors and the wider community.

A high-resolution numerical model is used to study the mean wintertime shelf-slope circulation between the Gulfs of South Australia and the west coast of Tasmania. The mean downwelling-favorable winds for the region result in a continuous ...

In this study, the wind-driven circulation of the North West Shelf of Australia is examined. Along its length, the offshore distance to the 200 m isobath is generally greater than 150 km, which means the shelf is relatively wide compared to other ...

There was a dramatic decrease in rainfall in the southwest of Australia (SWA) in the mid-1960s. A statistical method, based on the idea of analogous synoptic situations, is used to help clarify the cause of the drying. The method is designed to ...

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The Latrobe Valley is situated in a coastal region of complex terrain in southeastern Australia. During typical summertime conditions of light synoptic winds and clear skies, the low-level regional wind field is dominated by sea-breeze and slope-...

Water flow into dams that supply Perth in Western Australia (WA) has fallen by 50% since the mid-1970s, and this has severely tested water managers. Climate change scenarios available since the 1980s have suggested that global warming will reduce ...

19 th World Energy Congress, Sydney, Australia September 5-9, 2004 1 OFFSHORE WIND POWER: EASING to an investment of approximately 40 billion . The global wind energy installed capacity has increased exponentially over a 25-year period and in the process the cost of energy from wind power plants has been

Two seasons of Darwin, Australia, C-band polarimetric (CPOL) research radar, radiosoundings, and lightning data are examined to study the relative influence of the large-scale atmospheric regimes and the underlying surface types on tropical ...

Australia is frequently subject to droughts and floods. Its hydrology is strongly connected to oceanic and atmospheric oscillations (climate modes) such as the El Nińo Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and Southern Annular ...

This paper presents the climate change impact on mean annual runoff across continental Australia estimated using the Budyko and Fu equations informed by projections from 15 global climate models and compares the estimates with those from extensive ...

Since the 1950s annual rainfall over southeastern Australia (SEA) has decreased considerably with a maximum decline in the austral autumn season (MarchMay), particularly from 1980 onward. The understanding of SEA autumn rainfall variability, the ...

The probability matching method (PMM) is used as a basis for estimating attenuation in tropical rains near Darwin, Australia. PMM provides a climatological relationship between measured radar reflectivity and rain rate, which includes the effects ...

A regional climatology of strong wind gusts associated with thunderstorms is presented, and the ability to estimate gust strength from ambient conditions is tested. Strong wind events were selected for 10 stations in New South Wales, Australia, ...

The influence of the MJO on the phase and amplitude of the diurnal cycle of rainfall during Australian summer [DecemberFebruary (DJF)] over the Maritime Continent (MC) and northern Australia is investigated using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring ...

The Snowy Precipitation Enhancement Research Project (SPERP) was undertaken from May 2005 to June 2009 in the Snowy Mountains of southeastern Australia with the aim of enhancing snowfall in westerly flows associated with winter cold fronts. ...

Severe rainfall deficiencies have plagued southern and eastern Australian regions over the past decades, where the long-term rainfall is projected to decrease. By contrast, there has been an increase over northwest Australia (NWA) in austral ...

CO{sub 2} emissions in Australia's NEM have increased from 117 Mt in 1990 to 169 Mt in 2002. Without policy intervention, emissions are forecast to further rise to 265 Mt by 2030. An analysis of the economic and environmental impact of various generation technology options suggests that the most likely technology glide path will be gas-fired generation in the medium term, with IGCC + CCS or nuclear being the dominant baseload technology over the long run. (author)

 Supports Australias position in the international development of policy and guidelines on sinks activity and greenhouse gas emissions mitigation from land based systems.  Reduces the scientific uncertainties that surround estimates of land based greenhouse gas emissions and sequestration in the Australian context.  Provides monitoring capabilities for existing land based emissions and sinks, and scenario development and modelling capabilities that support greenhouse gas mitigation and the sinks development agenda through to 2012 and beyond.  Provides the scientific and technical basis for international negotiations and promotes Australias national interests in international fora.

Australia first put categorical energy efficiency labels on residential appliances in the mid-1980s, and the first Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) for refrigerators was implemented in 1999. Updated in 2005, these MEPS were aligned with US 2001 levels. Considered together, these actions set Australia apart as having one of the most aggressive appliance efficiency programs in the world. For these reasons, together with good data on product sales over time, Australia represents a potentially fruitful case study for understanding the dynamics energy efficiency standards and labeling (EES and L) programs impacts on appliance markets. This analysis attempts to distinguish between the impacts of labeling alone as opposed to MEPS, and to probe the time-dependency of such impacts. Fortunately, in the Australian case, detailed market sales data and a comprehensive registration system provides a solid basis for the empirical evaluation of these questions. This paper analyzes Australian refrigerator efficiency data covering the years 1993-2009. Sales data was purchased from a commercial market research organization (in this case, the GfK Group) and includes sales and average price in each year for each appliance model  this can be used to understand broader trends by product class and star rating category, even where data is aggregated. Statistical regression analysis is used to model market introduction and adoption of high efficiency refrigerators according to logistic adoption model formalism, and parameterizes the way in which the Australian programs accelerated adoption of high-efficiency products and phased out others. Through this analysis, the paper presents a detailed, robust and quantitative picture of the impacts of EES and L in the Australian case, but also demonstrates a methodology of the evaluation of program impacts that could form the basis of an international evaluation framework for similar programs in other countries.

We report the first observation of a 27 day period component in daily maximum temperature recorded at widely spaced locations in Australia. The 27 day component, extracted by band pass filtering, is correlated with the variation of daily solar radio flux during years close to solar minimum. We demonstrate that the correlation is related to the emergence of regions of solar activity on the Sun separated, temporally, from the emergence of other active regions. In this situation, which occurs only near solar minimum, the observed 27 day variation of temperature can be in phase or out of phase with the 27 day variation of solar activity. During solar maximum correlation of temperature and solar activity is much less defined. The amplitude of the 27 day temperature response to solar activity is large, at times as high as 6 degrees C, and much larger than the well documented temperature response to the 11 year cycle of solar activity. We demonstrate that the 27 day temperature response is localised to the Australia...

The reconstruction of Laurentia, Australia, and Antarctica into a Proterozoic supercontinent is evaluated by analyzing the fit of Precambrian provinces defined by isotopic and geochronologic mapping. The analysis is complicated by allochthonous segments of the Antarctic and eastern Australian margins. Removal of the allochthonous provinces produces a closer fit of the continents; there is a match of Early Proterozoic basement between southwestern Laurentia and the only exposure of craton known from the paleo-Pacific margin of Antarctica. In addition, western Laurentia is brought closer to the Australian Gawler block, consistent with provenance interpretations of the Belt Supergroup. Removal of the allochthonous provinces by right-lateral translation relative to the Antarctic craton margin places them in a pre-750 Ma position where they could be southwestward extensions of the Yavapai-Mazatzal and Grenville provinces of southern Laurentia. This modified reconstruction leads to a prediction of extensive Archean basement in Antarctica between the South Pole and Victoria Land, a prediction partly borne out by Archean rocks in the Miller Range of the Transantarctic Mountains; it also predicts the presence of 1.4 Ga rapakivi granites in the Transantarctic Mountains basement. This configuration implies assembly of the Australia-Antarctica Gondwana margin by terrane accretion following, or accompanied by, left-lateral translation. 27 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.

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Agriculture in Australia is highly vulnerable to climate change. Understanding the sector's vulnerability is critical to developing immediate policy for the future of the agricultural industries and their communities. This review aims to identify research ... Keywords: Biophysical models, Contextual vulnerability, Outcome vulnerability

Mobile alerts, notifications and location-based emergency warning systems are now an established part of mobile government strategies in an increasing number of countries worldwide. In Australia the national emergency warning system (NEWS) was instituted ... Keywords: Emergency management, Location-based services, Mobile government, Regulation

One of the goals of gravitational-wave astronomy is simultaneous detection of gravitational-wave signals from merging compact-object binaries and the electromagnetic transients from these mergers. With the next generation of advanced ground-based gravitational wave detectors under construction, we examine the benefits of the proposed extension of the detector network to include a fourth site in Australia in addition to the network of Hanford, Livingston and Cascina sites. Using Bayesian parameter-estimation analyses of simulated gravitational-wave signals from a range of coalescing-binary locations and orientations, we study the improvement in parameter estimation. We find that an Australian detector can break degeneracies in several parameters; in particular, the localization of the source on the sky is improved by a factor of ~4, with more modest improvements in distance and binary inclination estimates. This enhanced ability to localize sources on the sky will be crucial in any search for electromagnetic c...

Daily data from climate models submitted to the Fourth Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change are compared with daily data from observations over Australia by measuring the overlap of the probability density functions (PDFs). ...

The coupled climate models used in the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change are evaluated. The evaluation is focused on 12 regions of Australia for the daily simulation of precipitation, minimum temperature, ...

The National Australian Built Environment Rating System (NABERS) has been operating for 12 years as a performance based rating system for the energy/greenhouse efficiency of office buildings in Australia. During this period, the scheme has been expanded to include performance based energy and water ratings for offices, hotels and shopping centres, plus performance based rating tools for office indoor environment and waste. NABERS has achieved significant success in transforming the energy efficiency of the office building stock, particularly with respect to the landlord operated services in the higher-quality end of the market. NABERS ratings have become established as a core valuation in the market for sale or lease of these buildings. The declaration of NABERS ratings has recently become mandatory for commercial sale and lease transactions over 2000m2. In this paper, the history of the NABERS scheme is outlined, with particular emphasis on the key lessons learnt and the underlying factors that have contributed to successes and failures along the way. Directions for future development are also discussed.

The structural and depositional history of the Cooper basin in eastern central Australia has revealed that the basin is a mildly compressional structural depression controlled by northwestrending and northeast-trending pre-Permian basement features. Pronounced pre-Permian compressions are indicated by northeast-trending major structures, the Gidgealpa-Merrimelia-Innamincka and Murteree-Nappacoongee trends. Detailed chronostratigraphic facies analysis, with closely spaced palynological control, of the Patchawarra Formation revealed that two pronounced phases of uplift occurred during the Sakmarian. The major intrabasin highs were rejuvenated during these tectonic events, as documented by crestal unconformities (middle and upper Patchawarra unconformities). Evidence of each event is dominantly tectonic in character, with similar depositional patterns over these highs related to each event. These events are also recognizable in midflank areas and basin margins with contemporaneous deposition in deeper parts of the basin. Results from this research show potential for future hydrocarbon discoveries within structural, stratigraphic, and structural/stratigraphic traps in the Cooper basin. Various trap styles are closely associated with faults, unconformities, and lateral facies changes. Lowside fault closures, onlap plays, and unconformity traps are expected to be well developed along intrabasinal highs, basin margins, and preexisting structures. The primary reservoir targets would be deltaic sequences comprising shoreline sandstones, distributary and delta-mouth bar deposits that may be well developed in synclinal areas, and flanks of intrabasin highs in the Copper basin.

One of the goals of gravitational-wave astronomy is simultaneous detection of gravitational-wave signals from merging compact-object binaries and the electromagnetic transients from these mergers. With the next generation of advanced ground-based gravitational wave detectors under construction, we examine the benefits of the proposed extension of the detector network to include a fourth site in Australia in addition to the network of Hanford, Livingston and Cascina sites. Using Bayesian parameter-estimation analyses of simulated gravitational-wave signals from a range of coalescing-binary locations and orientations, we study the improvement in parameter estimation. We find that an Australian detector can break degeneracies in several parameters; in particular, the localization of the source on the sky is improved by a factor of ~4, with more modest improvements in distance and binary inclination estimates. This enhanced ability to localize sources on the sky will be crucial in any search for electromagnetic counterparts to detected gravitational-wave signals.

Community forestry is now a popular approach in forest management globally. Although local communities have previously been involved in forest management in various minor ways, community-based forestry is very new in the Australian context. Because of the multiple interests of forest users and other community interest groups, a wider range of up-to-date information is being requested in community forestry, than has been used in conventional  government-based forest management in the past. The overall aim of this research was to explore the potential and constraints for the application of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology in community forest management in Australia and to relate the results also to Nepal. Specific objectives were to: (i) review the applications of GIS in forestry and community forestry worldwide, (ii) determine stakeholders  views on their requirements for the use of GIS in community-based forest management, (iii) prepare and demonstrate various practical applications of GIS requested by community groups in the Wombat State Forest, (iv) identify the strengths and limitations of GIS in community forestry, and (v) relate findings on GIS

In recent years, influenced by the pervasive power of technology, standards and mandates, Australian hospitals have begun exploring digital forms of keeping this record. The main rationale is the ease of accessing different data sources at the same time ... Keywords: Australia, Change Management, Elective Admission Process, Electronic Health Records, Process Redesign, Scanned Medical Records, Victoria

The purpose of this paper is to present the perceptions and experiences of Electronic Commerce (EC) implementation in Australia. The study is investigated from the perspective of Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and the framework of implementation ... Keywords: adoption and implementation success, business-to-business electronic commerce, extent of deployment, internet, small- and medium-sized enterprises

The work presented in this paper aims to compare two different climates in Australia and Reunion Island and to identify the similarities in terms of bioclimatic design of low energy building. This approach is to perform a real evaluation of the sensation of thermal comfort in the workplace for different climates on the basis of the "bioclimatic chart " developed by Baruch Givoni. This article discusses the comparison of the thermal comfort levels obtained in the same building located in Australia and Reunion Island for different climatic zones. Both countries are influenced by the ocean and the altitude but are located at very different latitudes. Australia is a large area with several types of climate: temperate in south-eastern and south-west, desert or semi-arid in most parts of the territory, and tropical climate in the northern zone of the continent. Reunion has a tropical climate that can be affected by the altitude. Bioclimatic design strategies are different for wet and dry tropical climates, but in terms of targets at low energy, some basic principles can be identical and can be applied around the world. If a building is well designed and well adapted to its local climate, it is possible to apply the same design rules and standards for all buildings and two for these two different climates.

Technical assessments of vulnerability and/or risk are increasingly being undertaken to assess the impacts of climate change. Underlying this is the belief that they will bring clarity to questions regarding the scale of institutional investments required, plausible adaptation policies and measures, and the timing of their implementation. Despite the perceived importance of technical assessments in 'evidence-based' decision environments, assessments cannot be undertaken independent of values and politics, nor are they capable of eliminating the uncertainty that clouds decision-making on climate adaptation As such, assessments can trigger as many questions as they answer, leaving practitioners and stakeholders to question their value. This paper explores the value of vulnerability/risk assessments in climate change adaptation planning processes as a catalyst for learning in four case studies in Southeastern Australia. Data were collected using qualitative interviews with stakeholders involved in the assessments and analysed using a social learning framework. This analysis revealed that detailed and tangible strategies or actions often do not emerge directly from technical assessments. However, it also revealed that the assessments became important platforms for social learning. In providing these platforms, assessments present opportunities to question initial assumptions, explore multiple framings of an issue, generate new information, and galvanise support for collective actions. This study highlights the need for more explicit recognition and understanding of the important role social learning plays in climate change vulnerability assessments and adaptation planning more broadly.

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Five options for cutting CO2 emissions from electricity generation in Australia are compared with a Business as Usual ? option over the period 2010 to 2050. The six options comprise combinations of coal, gas, nuclear, wind and solar thermal technologies. The conclusions: The nuclear option reduces CO2 emissions the most, is the only option that can be built quickly enough to make the deep emissions cuts required, and is the least cost of the options that can cut emissions sustainably. Solar thermal and wind power are the highest cost of the options considered. The cost of avoiding emissions is lowest with nuclear and highest with solar and wind power.

The siphon filter is a household water filter developed by the Basic Water Needs Foundation based on the design of ceramic candle filters. The siphon filter is marketed under brand names CrystalPur and Tulip and is sold ...

Calcrete, dolocrete, and gypcrete carnotite are abundant in western Australia and Namib Desert, although only a few are of ore grade. The geology of these deposits are described. A genetic classification of calcretes emphasizing uranium favorability was developed, based on the distinction between pedogenic and nonpedogenic processes. Similarities between western Australia and South West Africa give support for the conclusions that lateral transport of U in groundwater is essential to ore deposition and that bedrock barriers or constrictions which narrow the channel of subsurface flow or force the water close to the land surface, greatly favor the formation of uraniferous calcretes. Criteria for uranium favorability deduced from the Australian and South West African studies were applied in a preliminary way to the southern Basin and Range Province of U.S. The procedure is to search for areas in which nonpedogenic calcrete or gypcrete may have developed. A caliche distribution map was compiled from soil survey and field data. Many areas were visited and some of the more interesting are described briefly, including parts of Clark County, Nevada, with occurrences of carnotite in calcrete. (DLC)

The tribe Leucophoropterini (Miridae: Phylinae) is a diverse assemblage of primarily Indo-Pacific and Australian bugs which are united by simple, small genitalia and a trend towards ant-mimetic body forms. Previous to this work, the relationship of the Leucophoropterini to the other tribes of Phylinae, as well as the generic relationships within the lineage, was unresolved. Further, the characters initially proposed to unite the tribe are brought into question with the addition of several recently discovered taxa from Australia. The Leucophoropterini is first re-evaluated within a phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Phylinae, using a combined molecular and morphological dataset to test the monophyly of the lineage, re-test the character synapomorphies supporting it, and to determine the closest relatives to the tribe. The molecular dataset includes 4 genes (COII, 16S, 28S, and 18S), and 123 morphological characters for 104 taxa, which is analyzed in a parsimony analysis using Tree analysis using New Technology [TNT], a model-based analysis in RAxML, and a Bayesian analysis in Mr. Bayes. All three methods resulted in phylogenetic trees with nearly identical generic and tribal groupings, and a lineage containing Pseudophylus Yasunaga, Decomia Poppius and Tuxedo Schuh being sister-group to the Leucophoropterini. With the closest relatives to the Leucophoropterini determined for outgroup selection, a generic revision of the tribe including both Australian and Indo-Pacific taxa is accomplished using 137 morphological characters and is analyzed in an un-weighted and implied weighted parsimony analysis using TNT for 86 leucophoropterine taxa. The Indo-Pacific taxa of Leucophoropterini are found to be related to the Australian Leucophoropterini, and at least two genera within the tribe (Sejanus Distant, Leucophoroptera Poppius) were found to be paraphyletic. Lastly, taxa are revised within the context of the generic-level phylogenetic analysis, with new genera and species from Australia and the Indo-Pacific being described.

Ground-based radar and lidar observations obtained at the Department of Energys Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Programs Tropical Western Pacific site located in Darwin, Australia are used to retrieve ice cloud properties in anvil and cirrus clouds. Cloud microphysical properties derived from four different retrieval algorithms (two radar-lidar and two radar only algorithms) are compared by examining mean profiles and probability density functions of effective radius (Re), ice water content (IWC), extinction, ice number concentration, ice crystal fall speed, and vertical air velocity. Retrieval algorithm uncertainty is quantified using radiative flux closure exercises. The effect of uncertainty in retrieved quantities on the cloud radiative effect and radiative heating rates are presented. Our analysis shows that IWC compares well among algorithms, but Re shows significant discrepancies, which is attributed primarily to assumptions of particle shape. Uncertainty in Re and IWC translates into sometimes-large differences in cloud radiative effect (CRE) though the majority of cases have a CRE difference of roughly 10 W m-2 on average. These differences, which we believe are primarily driven by the uncertainty in Re, can cause up to 2 K/day difference in the radiative heating rates between algorithms.

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Sub-Saharan Africa has been experiencing phenomenal population growth since the beginning of the 20th Century, following several centuries of population stagnation attributable to the slave trade and colonization. The ...

The space?time distribution of the crop hail loss-to-risk ratio over the whole. Bulgarian territory has been ascertained using the rank approach. The relationships between hailfall characteristics (sizes and kinetic energy) and the percentage of ...

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Rainfall kinetic energy is a commonly used climatic parameter for the prediction of soil erosion by water. Such a parameter is difficult to measure and is usually estimated from relationships established between rainfall energy and rainfall ...

with bait, while those using spinning lures number 26 percent; 18 percent utilize pots and/or rings to take in 1983-84 to $2.2 billion (not included in this figure, however, was money spent for hotel/motel etc

Field measurements for the Hunter Region Acid Rain Project were conducted as a major co-operative effort by the New South Wales State Pollution Control Commission, the Electricity Commission of New South Wales, and the University of Newcastle in ...

Tropical cyclone (TC) rainfall over the Australian continent is studied using observations from 41 TC seasons 1969/70 to 2009/10. A total of 318 storms, whose centers either crossed the coastline or were located within 500?km of the coast, are ...

IEC documents IEC documents IEC documents The U.S. Department of Energy has longstanding cooperative arrangements with foreign governments and international organizations in all areas of its mission - energy supply and security, science and technology, non-proliferation, and the environment, including promoting clean energy technologies to address climate change. The Department has over one hundred active commitments with 70-plus countries and 11 international organizations. Through this site, you can search and access the Department's library of active and historic (expired) commitments. Country or International Organization Algeria Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Bangladesh Belarus Belgium Botswana Brazil Bulgaria Canada CERN Chile China Colombia Costa Rica CSLF

The current Afro-Chinese relations on development projects in Sub Saharan Africa has come under a lot of scrutiny, with some experts in the South-to-South relationship discourse claiming the above short-gun-marriage will ...

The authors develop a method for the long-lead forecasting of El Nińoinfluenced rainfall probability and illustrate it using the economically important prediction, from the beginning of the year, of SeptemberNovember (SON) rainfall in the ...

and one at Swindon College. A further two mechanical apprentices and one electrical apprentice joined by IMechE, thereby joining the electrical apprentices who can be awarded Eng Tech by the Institute a bath of water, would provide the fuel for 200,000 kW-hours of electricity Â­ the same as 70 tonnes

geothermal, 52 hydroelectric, 3 photovoltaic and 4 wind power plants, making up 408 MW out of Alaska's 2. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Wind Powering America Program://www.eere.energy.gov/windpoweringameri ca/pdfs/workshops/2002_wind_diesel/alaska.pdf Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (NREL), Renewables

Household water treatment and storage (HWTS) technologies dissemination is beginning to scale-up to reach the almost 900 million people without access to an improved water supply (WHO/UNICEF/JMP, 2008). Without well-informed ...

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Although chlorine is one of the lowest cost ways of providing disinfection, currently billions of people lack drinking water that has had this simple treatment. Arch Chemical's Pulsar 1 unit is an innovation in chlorine ...

Following the initial implementation of Information and Communication Technologies for development (ICT4D) projects in rural Africa, many did not yield the anticipated outcomes, and interest has been waning. People then began talking about "sustainable ...

This study investigated the comparative efficiency of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) and conventional teaching method in biology on senior high school students. A science class was selected in each of two randomly selected schools. The pretest-posttest ... Keywords: Achievement, Cell cycle, Computer-assisted instruction, Conventional approach, ICT and senior high school

U.S. household electricity consumption of 10,656 kWh/year/electricity consumption of slightly less than 1000 kWh/year/year. Furthermore we used a sample distribution of monthly household electricity consumption

-directional pump is reasonably feasible. Introduction Underground coal mining is one of the major operations to extract coal from underground mines. The underground mining industry is a very specialized industry where mining system is commonly used for hauling coal and rock from the longwall face. Figure 1 shows

A survey is presented of developments in recent Western Australian electronic music, focusing on the geographical influence on local composers' work. The article follows specific cases of practitioners in the fields of Sound Art (Alan Lamb and Hannah ...

A new movable fine-mesh model (MFM) developed at the Australian Numerical Meteorology Research Centre, for mesoscale data assimilation and forecasting, is described. For the present, it is a 10-layer, hydrostatic, primitive equations model with ...

Growing concern about climate change has led to significant interest in renewable energy resources such as wind energy. However, such non-storable energy sources present a significant issue  how to maintain continuity of supply in the event of possible disturbances to power production. For example, in the case of wind energy, such disturbances can result from extreme weather events due to frontal systems or rapidly evolving low pressure systems. Such events cannot be avoided, but if they can be accurately forecast, their impact can be minimized by ensuring that alternative sources are available to make up any power shortfalls. Thus as wind energy makes up an ever greater component of our energy supply, there is greater interest in developing models to produce accurate, local scale, wind-focused forecasts for wind farm sites that push the boundaries of current weather prediction techniques. In this article we present a case study focusing on the Woolnorth wind farm on the northwest tip of Tasmania, to highlight some of the key challenges that will be involved in developing such forecasts.

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pollution control regulations. III. Spray Water Conditioning Tower The spray water conditioning tower of the gases in the moisture atmosphere of the spray water conditioning tower and the gases in solution adhere of character of waste incinerated. The spray water conditioning tower upstream of an electrostatic precipitator

Fuel Surcharges: Our air inclusive vacations are priced including airline fuel surcharges. These fuel, fuel surcharge and all taxes and fees as separate line items. Airfares are subject to change. Seats,395* Included in Price: Air Taxes and Fees/Surcharges of $220 (subject to increase until paid in full), Hotel

Accurate estimates of long-term linear trends of wind speed provide a useful indicator for circulation changes in the atmosphere and are invaluable for the planning and financing of sectors such as wind energy. Here a large number of wind ...

In the 2001 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third Assessment Report numerous studies of processes and species associated with regional temperature change were listed for the Northern Hemisphere (107 in North America, 458 in ...

and Steelhead Trout at Lower Granite Dam GENE M. MATTHEWS, GEORGE A. SWAN, and JIM ROSS SMITH ABSTRACT-A new trout, Salmo Gairdneri, at Lower Granite Dam on the lower Snake River is described. Major changes from area totally supplied by gravity-flow. The system is currently being evaluated by the National Marine

Shipboard observations made in May 1982 showed a definite poleward surface flow (the Leeuwin Current) over the West Australian shelf from 22°S to 28°S. The surface current was relatively fresh, warm, low in dissolved oxygen concentration, and ...

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To International Forecasting Home Page To International Forecasting Home Page To Annual Energy Outlook 2000 bullet1.gif (843 bytes) To Forecasting Home Page bullet1.gif (843 bytes) EIA Homepage [1] Turkey and Belarus are Annex I nations that have not ratified the Framework Convention on Climate Change and did not commit to quantifiable emissions targets under the Kyoto Protocol. [2] The Annex I countries under the Framework Convention on Climate Change are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Turkey and Belarus are also considered Annex I countries, but neither has agreed to any limits on greenhouse gas emissions.

sources.gif (4045 bytes) sources.gif (4045 bytes) [1] Turkey and Belarus are Annex I nations that have not ratified the Framework Convention on Climate Change and did not commit to quantifiable emissions targets under the Kyoto Protocol. [2] The Annex I countries under the Framework Convention on Climate Change are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Turkey and Belarus are also considered Annex I countries, but neither has agreed to any limits on greenhouse gas emissions.

experiment with (a) a stan- dard phrase-based SMT decoder, and (b) a special- ized beam-search adaptation, and RANLP, and journals such as JAIR, TSLP, NLE and LRE. He received the Young Researcher Award at RANLP

,lvyajuan,sunmeng,liuqun}@ict.ac.cn Centre for Next Generation Localisation Faculty of Engineering and Computing, Dublin City University qliu and affixes differently. We employ stem as the atomic translation unit to alleviate data spare- ness.g., En- glish, Chinese). They assumed that word was the atomic translation unit (ATU), always ignoring

Relationships between cropland change and presumed determinants were analyzed at scales ranging from 30 to 5100 m using logistic regression. The plot of the odds ratio across the spatial scales indicated that both biophysical and social variables ...

The United Nations Millennium Development Goals include a target to halve the number of people without access to "improved" water sources, which include piped water supply. However, an "improved" source of water does not ...

The Kosim Water Keg (KWK) is a new ceramic water filter designed have faster filtration rates and integrate better with consumers' water habits. The design seals together two ceramic pot filters (CPFs) to form a keg shape. ...

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Pure Home Water (PHW) is a non-profit organization in Ghana whose mission is to provide safe drinking water to Ghana's Northern Region - the poorest part of the country. Originally a distributor of ceramic pot filters ...

Drinking water continues to be a major source of waterborne diseases and death in the world because many points of water collection remain unsafe. This thesis reports high level of fecal contamination found in rivers and ...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the technical feasibility of high density polyethylene (HDPE) containers as an alternative to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles for the solar disinfection of drinking water ...

interest" clause in the Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty (NPT) to withdraw from the treaty, expel IAEA of proliferation: The more places in which this work is done, the harder it is to monitor. Weapons have been, and the technology seems to be not that hard to master or acquire. BURTON RICHTER Reducing Proliferation Risk

This paper proposes a general equilibrium model with non-pro t publicly subsidized universities to show that native applicants do not have to lose from exporting higher education, as suggested by standard trade models. The gains from exporting higher education that initially accrue to universities will be redistributed to natives through increased investment in research and teaching. With Australian university-level data from 2001 to 2007, the empirical investigation identi es the impact of exporting higher education on native enrollment using the instrumental variable approach: the enrollment of one more foreign student leads to the enrollment of about 0.75 more Australian native students.

The Model output Statistics (MOS) technique has been used to produce forecasts of both the probability of precipitation and the rain amount for seven major Australian cities in subtropical and middle latitudes. Single station equations were ...

This paper presents the case for improved interdisciplinarity in climate research in the context of assessing and discussing the caution required when utilizing some types of historical climate data. This is done by a case study examining the ...

Ying Su, Tao Bai, and Catherine I. Watson Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University investigated. With the navigation system, the user is able to access automatically extracted map information sensitivity of recognition, the cut-off percentage is set to be 90 percent. The maximum spoken score

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frequency transformer isolation and topologies without galvanic isolation. Systems include voltages ranging there is a plethora of systems available. They range in power from a few watts to multi megawatts and in voltages from frequency and high frequency transformer isolation systems. Much of this development has occurred without

The thermal environment of a coral reef is moderated by complex interactions of airsea heat and moisture fluxes, local to synoptic-scale weather and reef hydrodynamics. Measurements of airsea energy fluxes over coral reefs are essential to ...

Kristin Obermeier Chelsea Obermeier David Oborne Christina O'Brien Kristin Ofeldt Andrea Ortu Emily place Andrea Ortu 4th place Emily Diettmann Nathalie Schlosser was the Best Advanced Handler and Wendy Franzyshen was the Best Novice Handler. Congratulations to all. The Club thanks the 4-H alumnus that came

Large-scale atmospheric processes in the Southern Hemisphere are examined on both seasonal and daily time scales in order to seek associations between these and regional rainfall variability in the summer rainfall areas of South Africa and the ...

was provided by the local power authority, Ergon, and showed an average of 4 unplanned outages per year, which project be cost-effective, rigorously undertaken and highly defensible. Photo 1 Ross River Dam Cut Down about 355m3 /s at the historical flood level of 41.5 m AHD. Consultation with the relevant authorities

Using a coupled atmosphereland surface model, simulations were conducted to characterize the regional climate changes that result from the response of stomates to increases in leaf-level carbon dioxide (CO2) under differing conditions of ...

(demo)KrystofHoderCharlesUniversityinPrague Vampire8.1CNFCASCCASC-21CNFwinner Vampire9.0FOFCASCCASC-21FOFwinner Vampire10.0FOFCNFEPRUEQLTBAndrei'sproof/modelclass-seeSection2. 2 #12;CASC-J4 Geoff Sutcliffe ATP systems to load and preprocess the common core set of axioms axioms are in every problem). The batch presentation allows the ATP systems to load and preprocess

This paper explores the use of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), mounted on the polar-orbiting Terra satellite, to determine leaf area index (LAI), and use actual evapotranspiration estimated using MODIS LAI data combined ...

A mean synoptic view of the subantarctic front (SAF) is obtained from current meter and hydrographic data by averaging absolute and baroclinic velocity measurements in bins defined by a cross-stream coordinate that moves with the current. The ...

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Existing qualifications do not meet the needs of the sector in Queensland. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Businesses may not be best positioned to identify training needs. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Companies are developing training internally to meet their own specific needs. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Smaller companies lack the resources to develop internal training are disadvantaged. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer There is industry support for an entry-level, minimum industry qualification. - Abstract: Vocational Education and Training (VET) is an essential tool for providing waste management and recycling workers with the necessary skills and knowledge needed to beneficially influence their own employment and career development; and to also ensure productivity and safe working conditions within the organisations in which they are employed. Current training opportunities within Queensland for the sector are limited and not widely communicated or marketed; with other States, particularly Victoria and New South Wales, realising higher numbers of VET enrollments for waste management courses. This paper presents current VET opportunities and trends for the Queensland waste management sector. Results from a facilitated workshop to identify workforce requirements and future training needs organised by the Waste Contractors and Recyclers Association of Queensland (WCRAQ) are also presented and discussion follows on the future training needs of the industry within Queensland.

washers that is considered here is a spray tower. In the tower gas is raising upward and water drops. It is demonstrated that the model along with the algorithm is applicable for the design of spray towers. 8 9 10 11 12 of industrial gas output. The type of flue gas wash-20 ers that is considered here is a spray tower designed

The preparation of accurate operational weather forecasts and the timely issuance of severe marine weather and ocean warnings and advisories for major oceanic weather systems impacting both coastal areas and the open ocean are major forecasting ...

Between 17 and 22 April 1990 widespread flooding occurred throughout Queensland, New South Wales, and Victoria, with several record rainfalls recorded. This paper investigates the forcing of the rainfall, assesses the quality of the operational ...

This paper presents an observational study of the southerly burster, or southerly buster, a particularly intense type of orographically and thermally influenced cold front which occurs in spring and summer along the southern coast of New ...

Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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The charge distributions in a thundercloud play an important role in the initiation and propagation of lightning discharges. To further understand the effects of charge distributions on lightning discharge, the authors conducted a very high-...

A statistical study of gravity wave motions in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere measured with a MF partial reflection radar located at Buckland Park new Adelaide (35°S, 138°E) in the period November 1933 to December 1984 is presented. The ...

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project 4: Modulation of localised surface plasmon resonance using the metal- insulator transition in VO2 and characterise such a structure and the second aim is to show that the localised surface plasmon resonance microscopy, surface science, nanomaterials synthesis and characterisation, analysis of optical systems using

A numerical weather prediction (NWP) model at the School of Mathematics, University of New South Wales, has been used to simulate the southerly buster, a southerly wind surge along the coast of New South Wales (NSW), which occurs during the ...

Idealized tropical cyclones are inserted into a regional climate model and the resulting intensity evolution of the storms is examined under current and enhanced greenhouse climates. The regional climate model is implemented over a model domain ...

The Class A pan evaporation rates at many Australian observing stations have reportedly decreased between 1970 and 2002. That pan evaporation rates have decreased at the same time that temperatures have increased has become known as the pan ...

as bearing wall panels and building envelopes of many structures. The research examine the use of a carbon foam insulation, as the main shear transfer mechanism for precast concrete sandwich panels flow strength of the CGRID/foam insulation material mechanism, including the type of rigid insulating

Observations and numerical modeling of the bay and ocean breezes of Port Phillip Bay show that the interaction of these two breezes produces features undocumented in previous sea-breeze studies. The first of these is the formation of a mesoscale ...

Relationships of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), El Nińo-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) with atmospheric blocking are investigated using a linear framework over the austral autumn-spring (cool) seasons for southeast ...

Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

Note: This page contains sample records for the topic "australia bulgaria ghana" from the National Library of EnergyBeta (NLEBeta).
While these samples are representative of the content of NLEBeta,
they are not comprehensive nor are they the most current set.
We encourage you to perform a real-time search of NLEBeta
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The identification of extratropical fronts in reanalyses and climate models is an important climate diagnostic that aids dynamical understanding and model verification. This study compares six frontal identification methods which are applied to ...

Here you will find the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques in Australasia and South-East Asia. This successful conference series has grown from the first event in Melbourne in 2003 to Singapore ...

This note builds on prior technique development related to the classification of rain types utilizing C-band polarimetric (CPOL) radar measurements. While the prior work was preliminary and limited in scope, the authors elaborate here on the ...

for photovoltaic generator 1. Job profile. The breakthrough of photovoltaic energy as a renewable of theft. - Multi-source coupling: in many case, the use of photovoltaic as a unique source of energy, in the way to optimize energy production from photovoltaic generators and storage organs, - To modelise

Variations in urban surface characteristics are known to alter the local climate through modification of land surface processes that influence the surface energy balance and boundary layer and lead to distinct urban climates. In Melbourne, ...

The majority of the worlds population growth to 2050 is projected to occur in the tropics. Hence, there is a serious need for robust methods for undertaking water resource assessments to underpin the sustainable management of water in tropical ...

A new technique in statistical crop-climate analysis, the direct linking of spatial patterns of crop yield and spatial patterns of climate, is explored. Yield and climate data from networks of crop reporting districts and meteorological stations ...

Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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The Bowen Basin is a Permo-Triassic, back-arc extensional to foreland basin that developed landward of an intermittently active continental volcanic arc associated with the eastern Australian convergent plate margin. The basin has a complex, polyphase tectonic history that began with limited back-arc crustal extension during the Early Permian. This created a series of north-trending grabens and half grabens which, in the west, accommodated quartz-rich sediment derived locally from surrounding, uplifted continental basement. In the east, coeval calc-alkaline, volcanolithic-rich, and volcaniclastic sediment was derived from the active volcanic arc. This early extensional episode was followed by a phase of passive thermal subsidence accompanied by episodic compression during the late Early Permian to early Late Permian, with little contemporaneous volcanism. In the west, quartzose sediment was shed from stable, polymictic, continental basement immediately to the west and south of the basin, whereas volcanolithic-rich sediment that entered the eastern side of the basin during this time was presumably derived from the inactive, and possibly partly submerged volcanic arc. During the late Late Permian, flexural loading and increased compression occurred along the eastern margin of the Bowen Basin, and renewed volcanism took place in the arc system to the east. Reactivation of this arc led to westward and southward spread of volcanolithic-rich sediment over the entire basin. Accordingly, areas in the west that were earlier receiving quartzose, craton-derived sediment from the west and south were overwhelmed by volcanolithic-rich, arc-derived sediment from the east and north. This transition from quartz-rich, craton-derived sediments to volcanolithic-rich, arc-derived sediments is consistent with the interpreted back-arc extensional to foreland basin origin for the Bowen Basin.

Download the "Strategy to Help Improve Early Threat Detection" White Paper >> Browse white papers, case to the output of a nanotube transistor, he added. Rodgers noted, however, that the device is merely

The diurnal variation of convection and associated cloud and radiative properties remains a significant issue in global NWP and climate models. This study analyzes observed diurnal variability of convection in a coastal monsoonal environment examining the interaction of convective rain clouds, their associated cloud properties, and the impact on the surface radiation and corresponding boundary layer structure during periods where convection is suppressed or active on the large scale. The analysis uses data from the Tropical Warm Pool International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE) as well as routine measurements from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology and the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program. Both active monsoonal and large-scale suppressed (buildup and break) conditions are examined and demonstrate that the diurnal variation of rainfall is much larger during the break periods and the spatial distribution of rainfall is very different between the monsoon and break regimes. During the active monsoon the total net radiative input to the surface is decreased by more than 3 times the amount than during the break regime - this total radiative cloud forcing is found to be dominated by the shortwave (SW) cloud effects because of the much larger optical thicknesses and persistence of long-lasting anvils and cirrus cloud decks associated with the monsoon regime. These differences in monsoon versus break surface radiative energy contribute to low-level air temperature differences in the boundary layer over the land surfaces.

Recent advances in the collection and analysis of paleoclimate data have provided significant insights into pre-instrumental environmental events and processes, enabling a greater understanding of long-term environmental change and associated ...

Recent years have witnessed a growing recognition of the link between emissions of carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) and changes in the global climate. of all anthropogenic activities, energy production and use generate the single largest portion of these greenhouse gases. Although developing countries currently account for a small share of global carbon emissions, their contribution is increasing rapidly. Due to the rapid expansion of energy demand in these nations, the developing world`s share in global modern energy use rose from 16 to 27 percent between 1970 and 1990. If the growth rates observed over the past 20 years persist, energy demand in developing nations will surpass that in the countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) early in the 21st century. The study seeks to examine the forces that galvanize the growth of energy use and carbon emissions, to assess the likely future levels of energy and CO{sub 2} in selected developing nations and to identify opportunities for restraining this growth. The purpose of this report is to provide the quantitative information needed to develop effective policy options, not to identify the options themselves. A combined study was carried out for the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates).

Sample records for australia bulgaria ghana from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

Note: This page contains sample records for the topic "australia bulgaria ghana" from the National Library of EnergyBeta (NLEBeta).
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they are not comprehensive nor are they the most current set.
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Lidar experiments were conducted in the mountainous region of Bulgaria to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of major aerosol sources and the zones of aerosol accumulation. When these lidar data are combined with conventional ...

Ghana from DLR Ghana from DLR Dataset Summary Description (Abstract): Data of high resolution (10kmx10km) Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) for Ghana for the years 2000, 2001 and 2002. The data are available for monthly and annual sums stored in a ESRI-Shapefile. Please read the country report for additional background information. (Purpose): The data are helpful for the assessment of the solar potential of the country and can give project developer a first impression of the solar resource of the country. Source DLR - Deutsches Zentrum fĂźr Luft- und Raumfahrt Date Released October 31st, 2004 (10 years ago) Date Updated November 01st, 2007 (7 years ago) Keywords DLR DNI Ghana solar SWERA UNEP Data text/csv icon Download Data (csv, 1 MiB) application/zip icon Download Shapefile (zip, 519.6 KiB)

Pure Home Water (PHW) is a non-profit organization with the goal of providing safe drinking water through household water treatment and storage (HWTS) to the inhabitants of Ghana, particularly in the Northern Region. To ...

Research was done into identifying and sourcing the mechanical equipment required for manufacturing ceramic pot filters, specifically for use in the Pure Home Water factory in Northern Ghana. The pieces of equipment ...

In northern Ghana, part of a belt reaching from Sub-Saharan Africa to northern Uganda, women collect and process Shea nuts for their valuable oil. This oil is then used in various cosmetic, cooking, and medicinal products. ...

The objective of this paper is to investigate whether estimates of the cloud frequency of occurrence and associated cloud radiative forcing as derived from ground-based and satellite active remote sensing and radiative transfer calculations can be ...