(RMSF)

Definition

Causes

Specific bacteria cause RMSF. The American dog tick and the Rocky Mountain wood tick carry these bacteria. It passes to humans when an infected tick bites the skin. The bacteria can then pass into the bloodstream.

The bacteria sit in the lining of small blood vessels and multiply. The growth of the bacteria causes irritation and swelling in the blood vessels. Blood and other fluids can then leak out of the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.

Risk Factors

Factors that increase your chance of RMSF include:

Being outdoors in areas known to have RMSF especially from April to September

Exposure to tick-infested areas such as long grass, weeds, or low brush

Diagnosis

You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. RMSF can be difficult to diagnose because the symptoms are similar to many other diseases and the rash may not be there at first. Many people do not realize they have been bitten by a tick, which can also make the diagnosis more difficult.

A blood test may be done to confirm the diagnosis if your doctor suspects RMSF. Other tests, like a complete blood count and electrolytes, may be done to evaluate the severity of the disease. A spinal tap may be done to look for infection in the spinal fluid.

Treatment

Treatment may be started before a clear diagnosis is made based on your risk and fever.

RMSF is treated with antibiotics. It is important to start this
treatment
early. Make sure to take all of your medication as advised.

Prevention

The best way to prevent RMSF is to limit your exposure to ticks. If you live in an area that is prone to ticks, take the following precautions:

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.