Usage Any text that you see in the user interface appears in bold. This font is used, for example, for window and dialog box titles, box and button names, and list items. New terms are in italic bold when they appear in the current context for the first time. Extracts of program code, HTML, or other material that you would normally edit in a text editor, appear in monospaced font. This font is also used for file names and folder paths, and for any text that you should type yourself.

Italic bold Monospace

Noteboxes

The following types of noteboxes are used in this guide:

A tip might introduce a shortcut, or suggest alternative ways of doing things.

A note draws attention to details that you might easily overlook. It can also point you to other information in this guide that you might find useful.

You should always read very important notes and warnings, like this one. They will help you avoid making serious mistakes, or wasting your time.

This symbol indicates advanced or highly technical information that is usually of interest only to advanced or technically-oriented readers.

TEKLA STRUCTURES 16

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Contents
Conventions used in this guide ........................................................................................................................... 3

as they react to modifications in the model. This ensures that the information in drawings and reports is always up to date. and save models in Tekla Structures. 17) Saving a model (p. 18)
1. including:
• • • •
Geometry and dimensions Profiles and cross sections Connection types Materials
The 3D model is the single source of information for drawings and other outputs. such as reports and NC data files. The 3D model contains all the information that is needed to manufacture and construct the structure.1 What is a 3D model
Using Tekla Structures. create.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating 3D Models
15
. 16) Opening a model (p. you can create a real-life model of any structure. 15) Creating a new model (p. 17) Model templates (p.1
Creating 3D Models
This section explains how to open.
Contents
• • • • •
What is a 3D model (p.

See also

Creating and Modifying Structures (p. 51)

1.2 Creating a new model
You need to create a model for each Tekla Structures project. This model contains all the information about the project. Each model is stored in its own folder in the TeklaStructuresModels folder. To create a new model: 1. Click File > New... or . You can only have one model open at a time. If you already have a model open, Tekla Structures prompts you to save that model.

2.

• • •
3. 4. 5.

Define where to save the new model. To select a folder, click Browse. To save the model in a recently used model folder, use the Save in list box. To define the location manually, type the path in the Save in field, followed by the \ character. Do not enter the model name in this field.

Type a unique name in the Model name field. Do not use special characters (/ \ ; : | ). Optional: In the Model template list box, select the template you want to use. In the Model type list box, define whether the model may be used by one person or shared by many. • Single-user: model will be used by one person.

•
6.

Multi-user: model is stored on a server and may be used by several people. Also enter the name of the server in the Server field.

1.3 Opening a model
To open a Tekla Structures model: 1. . Click File > Open... or You can only have one model open at a time. If you already have a model open, Tekla Structures prompts you to save that model. In the Open dialog box, select the model. • To open a recently used model, use the Model name list box.

2.

• •
3.

To open a recently used model folder, use the Look in list box. To search for models in another folder, click Browse...

Click OK to open the model. If no views are visible after you have opened a model, Tekla Structures prompts you to select one.

You can sort models by clicking the column titles. When the models are sorted alphabetically by their names, you can use the keyboard to select models. For example, when you type N, Tekla Structures selects the first model starting with an N.
See also

Creating a new model (p. 16)

1.4 Saving a model
You should save your model regularly to avoid losing any work. Tekla Structures also automatically saves your work at regular intervals. To save a model, do one of the following: • • Click . Click File > Save. The Autosave tool automatically saves your model and drawings at set intervals. To set the autosave interval, click Tools > Options > Options... > General.

See also

Saving a model with a different name or location (p. 17) Saving in multi-user mode Autosave

Saving a model with a different name or location
To save a copy of a model under a different name or in a different location: 1. 2. Click File > Save As... In the Save as dialog box, browse to the folder where you want to save the model.

TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating 3D Models

17

3. 4.

In the Model name field, type a new name. Click OK. Tekla Structures creates a new copy with a different name, but the original version of the model remains intact.

See also

Saving a model (p. 17)

1.5 Model templates
This section is for advanced users.

You can save the desired settings in a model and use that model as a template when you create new models. The location of model templates is defined by the advanced option XS_MODEL_TEMPLATE_DIRECTORY. For example, you can set this advanced option to point to the same location as XS_FIRM. By default, the advanced option points to the folder ..\Tekla Structures\<version>\environments\default\model_templates\. Any model under the defined folder will be available as a model template if the file TeklaStructuresModel.xml in the model folder contains the setting <IsTemplate>TRUE</IsTemplate>. The default value is FALSE. You can create only single-user models with model templates. If you wish to create a multi-user model using a model template, create the model in single-user mode and then switch to multiuser mode.
See also

Creating a model template
When you create a model template, always start by creating a new empty model. This is because old models cannot be completely cleaned and they might contain quite a lot of information even if you delete all objects from the model. To create a model template: 1. 2. 3. 4. Create a new model and give it a unique name. For example, Steel framework. Add the desired profiles, custom components, and so on, in the model. Save and close the model. Move the whole model folder in the location pointed by the advanced option XS_MODEL_TEMPLATE_DIRECTORY. By default, the advanced option points to the folder ..\Tekla Structures\<version>\environments\default\model_templates\. In the new template model folder, open the TeklaStructuresModel.xml file using any standard text editor.

5.

18

TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating 3D Models

Do not edit the TeklaStructuresModels.xml file that is located in the TeklaStructuresModels folder or in the place pointed by the advanced option XS_RUNPATH.

6. 7.
See also

Set the IsTemplate element to TRUE. Save the file.

Model templates (p. 18)

TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating 3D Models

19

20

TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating 3D Models

TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
21
. 43)
2. When you open or create a model.
Contents
• • • • • • • • •
Screen layout (p. 27) Coordinate system (p. the icons and available menu options will become active. It also presents some basic Tekla Structures vocabulary and concepts that are needed when working with 3D models. 42) Reference models (p. most of the menu options and all the icons are gray indicating that they are inactive. 21) Work area (p.1 Screen layout
When you start Tekla Structures. Initially. 28) Grids (p. 33) Construction objects (p. 40) Points (p. a new window appears on the screen. 25) Work plane (p. 29) Views (p.2
Setting up the Workspace
This section explains how to set up the workspace so that you can start modeling.

23)
22
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
. and the status of some settings Snap settings control which points you can snap to and pick Select switches determine the selectable objects Pull-down menus contain all the commands Toolbars can be either docked or floating
See also
Changing the background color (p.The following illustration identifies the various areas of the Tekla Structures modeling interface:
Status bar displays instructions.

set the same value for all four corners of the background.. To change the background color in rendered views: 1.Changing the background color
You can define the background color of model views using RGB values. 239) Background color examples (p. Modify the background color using the following advanced options: • XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR1
• • •
XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR2 XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR3 XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR4
To use a single-colored background. 2.
Finding RGB values for colors (p.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
23
. leave the advanced option fields empty. You can control the color of each corner of the background separately. 23)
Background color examples
Below are some examples of possible background colors that you can define. the second value to the advanced option XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR2.
See also
Close and reopen the view for the change to take effect. The first RGB value refers to the advanced option XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR1. > Model View. To use the default background color. 3.. Click Tools > Options > Advanced Options. and so on.

Set the XS_HIDE_WORKAREA advanced option to TRUE. see the corresponding menu tooltip. 2. 2. To define the work area: 1. when creating screenshots for presentations. Defining the work area makes it faster and easier to work with the model.
See also
Select a command from View > Fit Work Area. > Model View. set the advanced option to FALSE. but they are not visible. 26)
Defining the work area
You can shrink and expand the work area by picking the corner points of the new work area. Click View > Redraw All. click View > Redraw All again. Alternatively.
Work area (p. Objects outside the work area still exist. 26) Hiding the work area (p. to concentrate on a particular area of the model. You can define the work area in a selected view. For more information on each command. This can be useful.. hold down the Ctrl and Shift keys when clicking View > Redraw All to hide the green work area box. you can hide the green work area box. 1. 4. Click Tools > Options > Advanced Options. for example. 5.
See also
Work area (p. for example. 3. 25)
26
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
.. To make the work area visible again. Tekla Structures hides the work area. 25)
Hiding the work area
If you want. Click OK or Apply.
See also
Defining the work area (p. Define the work area by following the instructions on the status bar. or in all visible views. or size the work area to include selected parts. or all model objects.You can define the work area to suit particular situations. To make the box visible again.

select Work plane from the second list box on the Snapping toolbar. 239)
Shifting the work plane
You can shift the work plane to any position by picking points. Optional: In the second list box on the Snapping toolbar. part positioning. To shift the work plane: 1. Tekla Structures displays the work plane grid in dark red color. The current work plane is model-specific. select Work plane to display the work plane grid. so it is the same in all views. 28) Changing the color of the work plane grid (p. 3. to model horizontal bracing and purlins in a sloped roof. To display the work plane grid.
See also
Shifting the work plane (p. For example creating points. or on a part or view plane. For more information on each command. 27) Restoring the default work plane (p. For example. Most of the commands that are dependent on the coordinate system use work plane coordinates. Shift the work plane by following the instructions on the status bar.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
27
. The work plane also has its own grid. Click View > Set Work Plane and select one of the commands. shifting the work plane helps you to place parts accurately.3 Work plane
The red coordinate arrow symbol indicates the work plane.2. which can be used for positioning parts. parallel to one of the global basic planes. 2. When modeling sloped parts. you need to shift the work plane to the slope of the roof. 28) Right-hand rule (p.
The red arrow symbol shows the xy plane. and copying always comply with the work plane coordinate system. see the corresponding menu tooltip. The z direction follows the right-hand rule. which is the local coordinate system of the model.

27) Finding RGB values for colors (p. Modify the advanced option XS_GRID_COLOR_FOR_WORK_PLANE.
See also
Work plane (p.
28
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
. to change the color to red. Set Depth coordinate to 0. It is located in the lower right corner of the model view.0 0.0.See also
Work plane (p. 4.
See also
Click View > Set Work Plane > Parallel to XY(Z) Plane. To restore the default work plane: 1...
3. Set Plane to XY..
Work plane (p.0 0. 2. Click OK.4 Coordinate system
The symbol with three axes (x. For example. 27)
Changing the color of the work plane grid
To change the color of the work plane grid: 1. 2. 3. Click Tools > Options > Advanced Options.. set the value to 1. > Model View. 239)
2. Click Change. y. Define the color using RGB values on a scale of 0 to 1. and z) represents the local coordinate system and indicates the direction of the model. 27)
Restoring the default work plane
Remember to change back to the default work plane when you have finished modeling sloped structures. 4. The coordinate symbol follows the work plane. Close and reopen the view for the change to take effect.

Grid origin is the point where the zero points of each coordinate axis intersect Grid line extensions define how far the grid lines extend in each direction Grid labels are the names of the grid lines shown in views You can make grids and grid lines act magnetically so that the objects on the grid lines follow if you move the grid line.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
29
. The grid is shown on the view plane using dash-and-dot lines.
See also
Work plane (p. 27) View types (p. A grid represents a three-dimensional complex of horizontal and vertical planes.5 Grids
Grids are used as an aid in locating objects in a Tekla Structures model. 36)
2. the green cube represents the global coordinate system and lies at the global point of origin.In wire frame views.

31) Deleting a grid (p. This means that the entries for x and y are always relative to the previous entry. select the Magnetic grid plane check box. For example.0 coordinate and spaces as separators for coordinates. Tekla Structures positions the origin according to the values you entered for X0.
See also
Creating a grid (p.
See also
Creating a grid (p. Y0. Click Modeling > Create Grid. Optional: To bind objects to the grid lines. 31) Grid properties (p. Define several grid lines with equal spacing.. For example. pick a point to indicate the origin of the grid. 31) Grid lines (p.
Use a zero at the start to represent a grid on the 0. 0 4000 4000. 211)
Grid coordinates
The x and y coordinates of a grid are relative.
Both methods create three lines with the spacing of 4000. 3. and Z0. The z coordinates are absolute. 30) Modifying a grid (p. 28)
30
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
. and Z0. 29) Grid coordinates (p. There are two ways to enter the x or y coordinates of grid lines:
• •
Define the coordinates individually. 30) Grid labels (p. 4.
Grids (p. You can have a maximum of 1024 characters in the coordinates field. Modify the grid properties. You can also create grids manually. Tekla Structures automatically creates a grid and a view according to the saved standard properties.. and smaller grids for some detailed sections. 32)
Creating a grid
When you create a new model. 31) Changing the grid color (p. Optional: When prompted.
See also
Click Create. So that you can easily locate objects in your model. You can also create single grid lines and attach them to an existing grid. which means that entries for z are absolute distances from the work plane origin. 30) Coordinate system (p. 2. If you do not pick a point. 0 2*4000. 5. we strongly advise that you create a modular grid. Y0.You can have more than one grid in a model. You can create a large-scale grid for the entire structure. The coordinates of the picked point appear in the Grid dialog box as X0. To manually create a grid: 1.

If you have also other objects selected. Modify the grid properties. If you wish. 2. The Z field is for the names of levels parallel to the work plane. Right-click and select Delete from the pop-up menu. ensure that you do not have any other objects selected. Ensure that the Select grid selection switch Double-click a grid line. If you have attached additional grid lines to the grid and you want to preserve them.
See also
Grids (p. 211)
Deleting a grid
To delete a grid: 1. not the grid. always having the grid labels visible might slow down Tekla Structures. 29)
Changing the grid color
To change the color of the grid in rendered views:
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
31
.
Grids (p.
When working with very large grids. 3.
See also
Click Modify to save the changes. 2. The names in the X field are associated with the grid lines parallel to the y axis and vice versa. Tekla Structures deletes all single grid lines attached to the grid. If the coordinate check boxes are selected. When you delete a grid. To hide the grid labels when you zoom in. you can leave the label fields empty. use the advanced option XS_ADJUST_GRID_LABELS.Grid labels
Labels are the names of the grid lines shown in views. clear the check boxes next to the coordinate fields in the Grid dialog box. Ensure that the Select grid selection switch Select a grid line. 30)
Modifying a grid
To modify a grid: 1. is selected. 4. is selected. The Grid dialog box appears. 3. 29) Grid properties (p. Tekla Structures only deletes the objects. 29) Creating a grid (p.
See also
Grids (p.

For example. the handles appear in magenta. You can use handles to move the grid lines. Single grid lines have handles. 32) Modifying a single grid line (p.
See also
Grids (p. to change the color to red. 29) Creating a single grid line (p.
See also
Grids (p.
3. Modify the advanced option XS_GRID_COLOR. When you select a grid line. 2. 57)
Creating a single grid line
To create a single grid line: 1. 29) Finding RGB values for colors (p. Pick the end point of the grid line. you can do this only on the local XY plane of the grid. 4.. Click Modeling > Add Grid Line. Pick the starting point of the grid line. 239)
Grid lines
You can attach single grid lines to an existing grid. 3. 33) Deleting a single grid line (p.0. Click OK.. 4. 33) Moving a part using handles (p.0 0.
If you want to move the grid lines using the handles to make a skewed grid. Close and reopen the view for the change to take effect. > Model View. set the value to 1. Select an existing grid to attach the grid line to.0 0.1.
32
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
. Define the color using RGB values on a scale of 0 to 1.
Click Tools > Options > Advanced Options. 2.

Grid lines (p. Right-click and select Delete from the pop-up menu. 3. There are several ways to create views in Tekla Structures. Tekla Structures only deletes the objects.See also
Grid lines (p. Ensure that the Select grid line selection switch Select the grid line you want to delete. Click Modify to save the changes. The Grid Line Properties dialog box appears. you can create views:
• • • •
of the entire structure of selected parts and components of selected cast units and assemblies along the grid lines
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
33
. Each view is displayed in its own window inside the Tekla Structures window. Ensure that the Select grid line selection switch Double-click a grid line. 32)
Modifying a single grid line
To modify a single grid line: 1. 212)
Deleting a single grid line
To delete a single grid line: 1.
When you delete a grid line.
See also
is selected. is selected. For example.6 Views
A view is a representation of a model from a specific location. 2.
See also
Grid lines (p. 32)
2. 2. If you also have other objects selected. 3. 32) Grid line properties (p. Modify the grid line properties. 4. not the grid line. ensure that you do not have any other objects selected.

38) Deleting a view (p. where you can add and connect parts An elevation view to check the level
Selecting a part in a view highlights the part in all open views. create a 3D view of the part. This places the part in the center of the view. plane.
34
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
. 39) Arranging views (p.When you need to see a specific part clearly. 35) Opening a view (p. 39) Refreshing views (p. 39) Switching between 3D and plane view (p. which is useful for different tasks. and elevation views provide different types of information. 38) Switching between open views (p. One common technique is to open several views:
• • •
A 3D view to see a real-life version of the model A plane view.
See also
Creating a view (p. 39)
Should I model in a 3D or plane view?
3D. 38) Modifying a view (p.

39)
Creating a view
To create a new view: 1.
Views (p. 215) About naming views (p. maximize your work area by putting the elevation and 3D views on one screen and the plane view on the other. a Double-click the view to open the View Properties dialog box. 36) Creating grid views (p. For more information on each command. 3. 35)
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
35
. Optional: Save the view. 38)
About naming views
Tekla Structures numbers views in order of creation. Do not use parentheses when naming a view. it is very important to give views unique names. so you do not have to give each view a specific name. You should give each view a unique name if you need to open it in later sessions. If several users have different views with the same name.
See also
Views (p.If you are working with two screens. or the view will not be saved for later use. Temporary views. Temporary views have a default name in parentheses. 2.
In multi-user mode.
c
See also
Click Modify. Create the view by following the instructions on the status bar. When you exit the model. 35) View types (p. b Type a unique name in the Name field. see the corresponding menu tooltip. 33) Switching between 3D and plane view (p. disappear when you close them.
See also
Creating a view (p. 36) View planes (p. the view settings of one user may randomly override the settings of another user. which have a default name in parentheses. Tekla Structures only saves the named views. 33) View settings (p. Select a view command from the View menu.

xz. The third axis is perpendicular to the view plane. Wire frame Objects are transparent and their outlines are displayed. The view type options are:
•
Rendered Objects look more realistic because they are non-transparent and their surfaces are displayed. In the basic plane view. 128)
View planes
Each view has a view plane on which the grids are visible and points are represented as yellow crosses. and zy). It does not appear in the plane name. 35) Representation options (p. Points that are located outside the view plane are red.
•
See also
Creating a view (p.View types
The view type defines the appearance of the view. two axes always define the view plane and the axes appear in the plane name. In basic views. You cannot rotate the model with the mouse in wire frame views. the model is shown from the direction of the third axis.
Basic views
Basic views are those parallel to the global basic planes (xy. The view plane options for basic views are:
Plane: XY
36
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
. It also affects what methods you can use to rotate the model.

Click the view.Linear dialog box is open but the command is not active anymore. To move the view plane: 1.
See also
View planes (p. Pick the starting point of the translation vector. Moving a view plane (p. When you move a view plane.. 5. 36)
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
37
. you either define the view plane and coordinate by picking points. 3. 4. you also define the distance the view plane is from the global origin in the direction of the third axis.
Other views
For view types other than basic views.. Click Move. 2. Pick the end point of the translation vector. or enter its coordinates. If the Move . or enter its coordinates.Plane: XZ
Plane: ZY
For basic views. depending on the creation method. 37) Creating a view (p. click the Pick button to re-activate the command. The view plane coordinate equals this distance. Right-click and select Move Special > Linear. 35)
See also
Moving a view plane
You can change the view plane by moving it like any other object. or the points are defined automatically. Tekla Structures only uses the vector that is perpendicular to the view plane. from the pop-up menu.

and all visible views on the right. Select the grid.. Click Create. 2. You can have up to nine views on the screen at the same time.Creating grid views
Grid views are views along the grid lines. Click View > View List.
See also
Double-click the view to open the View Properties dialog box. If you try to open more than nine views.
Views (p.
See also
Views (p. 33)
Modifying a view
To modify an existing view: 1.
See also
Creating a view (p. 2. create a view that contains a grid. or double-click a view to open it. Click the arrow buttons to show or hide the grid views. 33) View settings (p. Before you start. You can define how many views Tekla Structures will create. Modify the view properties. Click View > Create View of Model > Along Grid Lines. If the view does not appear.. check how many views you have open. Tekla Structures lists all invisible named views on the left. Modify the grid properties.. 3. use the Shift and Ctrl keys when you select views from the list.
To open multiple views. and which view properties it will use. Click Modify.
2. 5. The Views dialog box appears. 35) Grid view properties (p. Select a view and use the arrows between the lists. The Views dialog box appears. 215)
Opening a view
To view and open an existing view: 1. Tekla Structures displays a warning. 215)
Deleting a view
To delete a named view:
38
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
.. 4. 3. To create grid views: 1. how it will name the views. The grid views will not be visible until you move them to the visible views in the Views dialog box..

Click View > Redraw All.1. 33) Switching between open views (p.. select a view from the list. do any of the following:
To Redraw the contents of the active view Redraw the contents of all the views
See also
Do this Right-click the view and select Redraw View from the pop-up menu. 33) Switching between 3D and plane view (p. In the View Properties dialog box. On the Window menu. do one of the following: • • •
See also
Press Ctrl+P.
Views (p. The Views dialog box appears.
See also
Views (p.
Click View > View List. Select the view you want to delete. 39)
Refreshing views
To refresh the screen display.
Views (p.
2. 39)
Switching between 3D and plane view
To switch between the 3D and the plane view. Click View > Switch to 3D / Plane. 33)
Arranging views
You can arrange views manually by dragging and dropping each view within the Tekla Structures window.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
39
. use the Shift and Ctrl keys when you select views from the list. 3. and all visible views on the right. or have Tekla Structures automatically arrange views. and then click Modify. select an option from the Angle list box...
Views (p. Click Delete. do one of the following: • •
See also
Use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Tab. 33)
Switching between open views
To switch between open views. To delete multiple views. Tekla Structures lists all invisible named views on the left.

simply create a construction plane that goes through all the handles and chamfers. Type a name for the plane. 41) Creating a construction circle (p. 3. Click View > Close All. you can easily pick the points at intersections of construction lines and circles. Pick four points. Optional: To make the construction plane magnetic. and circles help you place other objects. You can also create magnetic construction lines or planes to bind and move groups of objects.
See also
Creating a construction plane (p. do any of the following:
To Arrange all open views in a stack Arrange all open views horizontally Arrange all open views vertically Close all the views
Do this Click Windows > Cascade. Click the middle mouse button. lines. The Construction Plane Properties dialog box appears. 4. For example. They do not appear in drawings. XS_MDIZOOMPARENT. Tile Horizontally.
40
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
. Tekla Structures draws the plane. 40) Creating a construction line (p. When you move the plane. Construction objects remain in the model when you update or redraw views and windows. the attached handles and chamfers move with it. 6. rather than binding lots of handles and chamfers to faces. and XS_MDIBASICVIEWPARENT. and Tile Vertically commands for views that you can move outside the Tekla Structures window.To arrange the views. Then make this plane magnetic and bind the plane to the appropriate face.
See also
Views (p. Click Modeling > Add Construction Plane. 5. select the Magnetic check box. For example. see XS_MDIVIEWPARENT. The snap priority of construction objects is the same as with the other lines. Click Windows > Tile Horizontally. 2. For more information on how to move part and component basic views and zoom windows across the entire Windows desktop. Double-click the plane in the model. 41)
Creating a construction plane
To create a construction plane: 1.
You cannot use the Cascade. Click Windows > Tile Vertically.7 Construction objects
Construction planes. 33)
2.

2. c Click Modify. Optional: Make the construction line magnetic. 2. 40)
Creating a construction circle
To create a construction circle: 1. Pick the starting point of the construction line. Pick the end point of the construction line. Create the construction circle by following the instructions on the status bar.
See also
Construction objects (p. 40)
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
41
. see the corresponding menu tooltip.
Click Modify.
See also
Construction objects (p. For more information on each command. 4. Click Modeling > Add Construction Line. 40)
Creating a construction line
To create a construction line: 1.
See also
Construction objects (p.7. b Select the Magnetic check box. a Double-click the line in the model. 3. Select a command from Modeling > Add Construction Circle.

see the corresponding menu tooltip.
42
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
. 2. Create a point import file.
See also
Creating a point (p. Create the point by following the instructions on the status bar. 42)
Importing points
This section is for advanced users.
Points (p. When you create points. or select a command from Modeling > Add Points. To import points from a file: 1. There are many ways to create points in Tekla Structures.2.
You can import points to specific locations in an open Tekla Structures model using the point creation import macro. Tekla Structures always places them according to the work plane coordinate system. 42) Point properties (p.
See also
Use the icons on the Points toolbar. In some cases this file is generated by another software package. Points located on the view plane are yellow and points outside the view plane are red. For more information on each command. 212)
Creating a point
To create a point: 1.8 Points
You can create points to make it easier to place objects at positions where no lines or objects intersect. You need to specify the point coordinates in a text file. Which method is the most convenient at each time depends on what you have already created in the model and which locations you can easily pick. 42) Importing points (p.

a plant design model.1000 300. Type point in the Search field and click Search.a
Create a text file that consists of single lines for each point.xml)
You can snap to reference model geometry. or a heating.prp) Cadmatic models (*. Double-click Point Creation Import (8).3dd) IFC files (*.1500
2. 3. For example:
100. Tekla Structures loads the reference model from the file each time you open your model. *. Tekla Structures looks for the file in the current model folder.500. Reference models can also be simple 2D drawings that are imported and then used as a layout to directly build the model on.
See also
Points (p. 45) Hiding a reference model (p. 44) Selecting a reference model (p. an architectural model. 5. 4. The following file types are supported:
• • • • • • •
AutoCAD (*. Type the ASCII file name. For example.700.
See also
Inserting a reference model (p.dwg) MicroStation (*.
b Save the file. ventilating and airconditioning (HVAC) model can be used as a reference model. The filename extension of a saved reference model properties file is *. If you do not specify the path. It does not save the reference model when you save the current model. *.iges) Tekla WebViewer XML files (*. 44) Modifying reference model properties (p. Press Ctrl + F to open the Component Catalog. A reference model is created in Tekla Structures or another software or modeling tool and imported to Tekla Structures. 42)
2. 45) Highlighting a reference model (p. Use commas or tabs as delimiters for the three point coordinates on a line.dxf) AutoCAD (*. During the import process.
6. 7. Tekla Structures ignores all lines in the import file which do not consist of valid values delimited by tabs or commas. Define the origin of the imported points by entering the coordinates.IFC) IGES files (*.rop.igs. Click Create. Include the full path and the file extension.dgn. 45)
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
43
.9 Reference models
A reference model is a file which helps you to build a Tekla Structures model.

Modify the properties and then click Modify.
If you do not define a reference model file to use. 47) Supported DGN objects (p. 2. 3. or you forget to click Apply. 46) Reference model objects (p. 45) Viewing reference model layers (p. Click File > Reference Model List.. Click Apply or OK to save the current reference model properties. 45) Detecting changes in a reference model (p.
See also
Reference models (p. Tekla Structures displays the reference model origin as a handle. 5. For more information on user-defined attributes. 6. Pick a position to define the reference model origin.inp file. The default reference model is a white cross:
See also
Reference models (p.. Double-click the reference model to open the Reference Model Properties dialog box. 4.Updating reference models (p. 2. 43)
44
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
. Open a Tekla Structures model. if it uses different measurement units). the file does not exist. Tekla Structures displays a default reference model.. You can define user-defined attributes in the objects. Click File > Insert Reference Model. Click User-defined attributes. as it determines the rotation of the reference model in the Tekla Structures model. Set the scale of the reference model. button to browse for the reference model file. 7. Click the Browse.. see Adding properties. if it is different to the one in the Tekla Structures model (for example.. 48)
Inserting a reference model
To insert a reference model in a Tekla Structures model: 1. 3.. Check the work plane position. 4. 43)
Modifying reference model properties
To modify the properties of a reference model: 1.

See also
Reference models (p. 2. You can see the changes between an old and a new reference model in Tekla Structures by using the commands in the Reference Model Properties dialog box. 43)
Detecting changes in a reference model
Reference models are often updated... 43)
Highlighting a reference model
To check which reference models are included in the model.
See also
Reference models (p.dwg)
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
45
.
See also
Activate the Select component Select the reference model. 2. 2. Click Reload all. but the changes are rarely documented. The reference model is highlighted in the Tekla Structures model.ifc) Cadmatic (. Select Hidden from the Visibility list box. Select a reference model from the list. Tekla Structures goes through all the reference models and regenerates the cache for the reference models that have a newer modified date than the one already in the cache.Selecting a reference model
To select a reference model: 1. You can detect changes in reference models that are of the following file formats:
• • • •
IFC (.
Reference models (p. 48)
Hiding a reference model
To hide a reference model: 1.
Reference models (p. 2. To update all reference models: 1. Click File > Reference Model List. Click File > Reference Model List. To highlight a reference model: 1. 43) Selecting a reference model object (p..
See also
Click File > Reference Model List.
switch.. you can highlight them. 43)
Updating reference models
You can update the reference models in your Tekla Structures model in case there have been changes in the original reference models after you have brought them into Tekla Structures..3dd) WebViewer (.xml) 3D DWG (..

Double-click the reference model. This is useful if you want to for example examine only certain parts of the model. select Inserted to see the added objects. Click Display. 3. Tekla Structures highlights the inserted reference model objects. Select an option in the Show list box in the Change detection section.
46
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Setting up the Workspace
.To view changes in a reference model: 1. button next to the Old file name field. 43)
Viewing reference model layers
You can view different layers of a reference model.
See also
Reference models (p.. browse for the name of the old file by clicking the Browse.. Double-click the reference model. 4. To view reference model layers: 1. For example.
In the Reference Model Properties dialog box.
2.

2. 3. 4. 5.

In the Reference Model Properties dialog box, click Select layers... Select the layers you want to view. Depending on your reference model, you could for example select a layer that contains only windows. Click OK. Click Modify in the Reference Model Properties dialog box. Tekla Structures highlights the layer with windows.

See also

Reference models (p. 43)

Reference model objects
You can split reference models into separate reference model objects. Reference model objects can have separate user-defined attributes that can be used for reports and the view and selection filters. The reference model objects are read-only.
Limitations

The use of this functionality depends on the file format and file structure. You can use it for example for IFC and for DWG files that include any of the following objects:

Selecting a reference model object
To select a reference model object: 1. 2.
See also

Activate the Select objects in components Select the desired object in the reference model.

switch.

Reference model objects (p. 47) Selecting a reference model (p. 45)

Splitting a reference model into reference model objects
You can quickly split reference models into reference model objects. After you have split the reference model into reference model objects, you can use the ID number and attributes of the reference model objects for example in filtering and reports. To split a reference model into reference model objects: 1. 2. Select the reference model and double-click it to display the Reference Model
Properties dialog box. Click Subdivide.

The advanced option XS_USE_EXACT_EXTREMA_FOR_REFERENCE_MODELS is not compatible with this feature.

When you have split the reference model into reference model objects, the ID numbers of all the reference model objects are visible in the model database, even if you remove the reference model object and update the reference model.
See also

This section explains how to create and modify parts using different materials and profiles. It also includes a general description of part properties and step-by-step instructions for all the part commands.
Contents

3.1 Parts
In Tekla Structures, the term part refers to the basic building objects that can be modeled and detailed further. These are the building blocks of the physical model. Every part has properties that define it, such as material, profile, and location. You can use part properties in view and selection filters. For example, you can select, modify, and hide parts based on their properties. You can also include part properties and user-defined attributes in drawing and report templates.
See also

51) Steel parts (p. 52) Standard profiles (p.
Icon
Description A standard profile. you can select the profile from a tree that contains all the profiles available in the profile catalog.. 66) Concrete parts (p. The profiles are grouped according to rules that you can define and modify. • For steel parts.. 77)
Profiles
Tekla Structures contains standard. 2. A parametric profile. Open the Select Profile dialog box. click the Select. When you create or modify a part. 53) Parametric profiles (p. parametric.
52
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. 53) User-defined profiles (p.Part types
The main steel parts are:
• • • • • • • • • • • •
See also
column beam polybeam curved beam contour plate
The main concrete parts are: pad footing strip footing column beam polybeam slab panel
Parts (p. button next to the Profile field. For user-defined profiles Tekla Structures also displays cross section information. 53) The profile catalog
Changing the profile of a part
To change the profile of a part: 1.
See also
Changing the profile of a part (p. and user-defined profiles. Double-click a part to open the part properties dialog box.

select the Show all profiles check box. but do not exist in the Tekla Structures profile catalog. For example. the profile catalog contains standard. click the
button next to the Shape field. Click Modify. Select a profile from the list. and *. You can also define additional separators using the variables XS_PARAMETRIC_PROFILE_SEPARATOR and XS_USER_DEFINED_PARAMETRIC_PROFILE_SEPARATORS .
By default. Optional: Define what profile information you want to see.
See also
Profiles (p. X.•
3.
See also
Profiles (p. 52)
Parametric profiles
You can use parametric profiles to model profiles that are standard in a specific environment. Parametric profile names have specific prefixes and they include dimension values. You can add profiles to the profile catalog. environmentspecific profiles. so you should not edit them. use the Profile name list box. but you determine their size by giving one or more parameters.
See also
Profiles (p. Dimension values in parametric profile names are separated by the standard separators -. 52)
Standard profiles
When you first start Tekla Structures. 6. The properties of these library profiles conform to industry standards.
See also
Profiles (p. select the Show details check box. 181) Adding a standard (fixed) user-defined profile
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
53
.
4. /. Parametric profiles are partly userdefinable and they have a predefined shape. You can define alternative prefixes for parametric profiles. only the profile types that are relevant to the material of the part are shown.
For concrete parts. enter the profile dimensions in the Value column. you could create a pitched user-defined profile.
If you select a parametric profile. You can also enter a profile name in the Profile field in the part properties dialog box. • To display all the profiles of the profile catalog in the tree. 52) Sketched cross sections (p. with different cross sections at the beginning and end of the profile.
Click Apply or OK. 52)
User-defined profiles
You can create your own profiles and save them in the profile catalog.
•
5. • To see all the properties of profiles. • To select a recently used profile.

For example.
•
4. partial safety factors. • To see all the properties of materials. Click Modify. For example. Each material has the following properties:
Property Alias
Description Aliases are alternative names. 6. Tekla Structures automatically translates aliases into the standard name when you select a material grade.
Analysis information
The Analysis tab contains information about the properties used in structural analysis. Use the User attributes tab to view or modify the userdefined properties of materials. Poisson’s ratio.
Select a material from the list. select the Show details check box. next to the Material field. 54) The material catalog
Changing the material of a part
To change the material of a part: 1. or surface quality class of a concrete material type. You can also enter a material name in the Material field in the part properties dialog box. including the modulus of elasticity. 54)
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. 3. Optional: Define what material information you want to see. 5. Click Apply or OK. or names used in different countries or standards. select the Show aliases check box.
Design information User attributes
See also
Changing the material of a part (p. and thermal dilatation coefficient.
See also
Materials (p. Double-click a part to open the part properties dialog box. they can be former names.. and so on. or country-specific properties. The Design tab contains information about design-specific properties. such as strengths.. 2. The Select Material dialog box appears.Materials
When you create or modify a part. Click Select. porosity. this tab could contain the maximum grain size. To include aliases for material grades in the tree. you can select the material and grade from a tree that contains all the materials available in the material catalog.

In part and weld marks in Tekla Structures drawings.
Class
Color black
1 2 or 0 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
See also
light gray or white red bright green blue cyan yellow magenta gray pink lime aqua lilac orange light blue
Object representation settings (p. 133)
User-defined attributes
User-defined attributes provide extra information about a part. In part marks in Tekla Structures drawings. You can also use the object representation settings to specify colors for defined object groups. The following table gives some examples of what you can use attributes for:
Attribute
Comment Shorten
Can be used.
Camber
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
55
. When drawings of the parts are created. or lists. text. Tekla Structures decreases the true length of the part by this value.Colors
You can change the color of some model objects by modifying their class in the part properties dialog box. Attributes can consist of numbers. or in projects.. This is useful when creating assembly drawings of bracing bars that should always be under tension..

217) Showing part labels in a view (p. To save reaction forces for AutoDefaults. and Moment User field 1. and template attributes in a model view by using part labels. You can enter forces separately for each end of a part. 217) Adding properties
Part labels
You can display selected part properties. When importing information on connection types into Tekla Structures. go to the Advanced tab.. Double-click the view to open the View Properties dialog box.. 3. 2. 56)
Showing part labels in a view
To show part labels in a view: 1.. user-defined attributes.
See also
Part properties (p. In the Display dialog box. Select the Part label check box.
56
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. You can change the names of these fields and add new user-defined fields. 4. Each end of a part can have a different connection code.. User-defined fields. To obtain preliminary marks for parts in reports..4 Connection code
Can be used.
See also
Part properties (p. To protect objects from being accidentally changed. Click Display.Attribute
Preliminary mark Locked Shear. You can then use the connection codes as rules in AutoConnection and AutoDefaults.. Tension.

The handles also symbolize the part reference points. 57) Showing part reference lines in model views (p. When you select a part. Select the part.
7.
Part labels (p.
See also
Define which part properties to display in part labels. Tekla Structures indicates the direction of a part with handles. for example. You can use part reference lines to help snap to the middle points of parts. 3. a Select a property in the Properties list. 241)
Moving a part using handles
To move a part using the handles: 1. you position it by picking points. Move the part like any other object. 56)
3. b Click Add.
See also
Part position (p. just drag the part to a new position. 2. b Click Add to add the property to the Part label list.
See also
Moving a part using handles (p. Tekla Structures displays the handles. 58) Part positioning tips (p. The position of a part is always relative to its reference points. Select the handles.2 Part position
When you create a part. Click Modify. If Drag and Drop is switched on.5. Tekla Structures highlights the handles. The Part label dialog box appears. The points form the part reference line. 57)
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
57
. the rest are magenta. 58) Modifying the position of a part (p. a Select User-defined attribute in the Properties list. Optional: Define which user-defined attribute or template attribute to display in part labels.
6. c Enter the attribute name and click OK. The handle of the first end point is yellow.

Click Modify. Click and drag to select a position. Click Modify and OK.. 4. To change the rotation angle. or Depth offset. Modify the settings.
Part position (p. 57)
Modifying the position of a part
To modify the position of a part. 2.. Plane offset.
The rotation angle knob snaps to every 45 degrees. Click in the Mini Toolbar. you can define the part to be positioned 200 units above its reference points. The object moves in the model accordingly. On the Advanced tab.. Hold down Shift to override this. 3. Double-click a part to open the part properties dialog box. Modify part position using the Mini Toolbar 1.
3. enter a value in the corresponding box. use the round selection dial. select the Part reference line check box. 2. 2. To change the Angle.
See also
Position on the work plane (p. On the Position tab. do one of the following:
To Modify part position in the part properties dialog box
Do this 1. to open the Display dialog box.
• • •
To change the overall position of the part. modify the desired position settings.
See also
Click View > View Properties. Click Display. click and drag the green rotation angle knob. 59)
58
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
.Copying and moving objects Selecting handles
Showing part reference lines in model views
To see the part reference line in the model: 1.. For example.

To do this.Rotation (p. you have the following options:
• • •
Front Top Back
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
59
. 64) Bending (p. 60) Vertical position (p. 65)
Position on the work plane
When you define the position of a part on the work plane. 59) Position depth (p. 58)
Rotation
When you define the rotation of a part around its axis on the work plane. 61) Horizontal position (p.
Examples
Position
Middle
Example
Right
Left
Middle 200
Right 200
Left 200
See also
Modifying the position of a part (p. 63) Levels (p. 62) End offsets (p. you have the following options:
• • •
Middle Right Left
You can also define the distance of a part from its original reference line. type a distance in the field next to the On plane check box.

Examples
Position
Front
Example
Top
Back
Below
See also
Modifying the position of a part (p.•
Below
You can also define the angle of rotation. Tekla Structures measures positive values clockwise around the local x axis. you have the following options:
• • •
Examples
Middle Front Behind
Position
Middle
Example
Front
60
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. perpendicular to the work plane. 58)
Position depth
When you define the position of a part in terms of its depth.

relative to its reference point. you have the following options:
• • •
Examples
Middle Down Up
Position
Middle
Example
Down
Up
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
61
. 58)
Vertical position
When you define the vertical position of a part.Position
Behind
Example
Middle 100
Front 100
Behind 100
See also
Modifying the position of a part (p.

58)
Horizontal position
When you define the horizontal position of a part. relative to its reference point. you have the following options:
• • •
Examples
Middle Left Right
Position
Middle
Example
Left
Right
Middle 100
62
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
.Position
Middle 100
Example
Down 100
Up 100
See also
Modifying the position of a part (p.

Moves the part end in the z direction of the work plane. Moves the part end perpendicular to the reference line. 58)
End offsets
You can use end offsets to move the ends of a part.
Position
Dx
Example
End point: 200
Dx
End point: -200
Dy
End point: 300
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
63
. relative to its reference line. You have the following options:
Field
Dx Dy Dz Examples
Description Changes the length of the part by moving the part end point along the reference line.Position
Left 100
Example
Right 100
See also
Modifying the position of a part (p. You can enter positive and negative values.

relative to the picked point.Position
Dy
Example
End point: -300
Dz
End point: 400
Dz
End point: -400
See also
Modifying the position of a part (p. not at the level you picked.
64
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. You have the following options:
Option
Bottom Top Example
Description Use to define the position of the first end. you must modify their bottom level position. you can enter the positions of the part ends. 58)
Levels
For parts that you create by picking only one point (such as columns). the concrete columns form a two-story structure.
In this example. Use to define the position of the second end. in the global z direction Tekla Structures creates the part at the level that you defined in the part properties dialog box. To position the upper columns correctly.

you can define the radius in the part properties dialog box. Alternatively. To have Tekla Structures draw a curved part. When you initiate a command that creates a curved part. 58)
Bending
You can create curved parts by defining a radius and the plane of curvature. instead the number of segments determines how realistic the curved part looks: the more segments. Bottom level = 0 Top level = 1700. Tekla Structures prompts you to pick three points to define the radius. you need to specify the number of segments. The options are:
• •
Examples
XZ plane XY plane
Number of segments: 2
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
65
. which is relative to the current work plane. Tekla Structures does not show curved surfaces exactly in views.Top level = 1000. Bottom level = 1200 Slab thickness = 200
See also
Modifying the position of a part (p. for example a curved beam. You can also define the plane of curvature. the less angular the part appears.

Tekla Structures creates the column at the level that you defined in the Column Properties dialog box. 66) Creating a steel beam (p.
66
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. 2. 68) Creating an orthogonal beam (p. 70)
Creating a steel column
To create a steel column: 1.
See also
Creating a steel column (p.3 Steel parts
This section explains how to create steel parts. 67) Creating a steel polybeam (p. 58)
3. 68) Creating a contour plate (p. Pick the position of the column.Number of segments: 5
Number of segments: 15
See also
Modifying the position of a part (p. 69) Creating a twin profile (p. Click the Create column icon. 3. Optional: Modify the steel column properties. 67) Creating a curved beam (p.

Pick the points you want the beam to go through. 2. 218) Levels (p.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
67
. Click the Create polybeam icon. 3. 2. Remember to change the part name to COLUMN. Pick the starting point. Pick the end point. Optional: Modify the steel beam properties. 3. 218)
Creating a steel polybeam
A polybeam can contain straight and curved segments. Optional: Modify the steel beam properties.Use the Orthogonal Beam Properties dialog box to correct the position of a column. To create a steel polybeam: 1.
See also
Steel column properties (p.
See also
Steel beam properties (p. 64)
Creating a steel beam
To create a steel beam: 1. 4. if the upper and lower levels were switched when the column was copied and mirrored. You can also create bent plates with this command. Click the Create beam icon.

or click the middle mouse button to finish picking. chamfer the corners of the polybeam. Optional: To create curved segments. 4.
68
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. Click the Create contour plate icon. 2.4.
Double-click the end point. Pick the end point (3). Click the Create curved beam icon. 218) Polybeam length calculation
Creating a curved beam
To create a curved steel beam: 1. 218) Bending (p. Optional: Modify the steel beam properties. 5. the profile you use defines the thickness of the plate and the picked points define the shape. 4. 5. 3. 5. 106) Steel beam properties (p. Pick the starting point (1). The corners of the contour plate can be chamfered. To create a contour plate: 1. or click the middle mouse button to finish picking. Pick the starting point. Optional: Modify the contour plate properties.
See also
Polybeam chamfers (p. Pick a point on the arc (2). 65)
Creating a contour plate
When you create a contour plate. Pick the corner points of the contour plate. Pick the starting point again. 2.
See also
Steel beam properties (p. 3.

Apply automatic connections which create workshop welds or bolts.
See also
Twin profile properties (p. You can change the main part in an assembly. 220)
Creating a twin profile
A twin profile consists of two identical beams. Assemblies and their main parts are automatically defined when you:
• •
Create single workshop welds or bolts. 71) Adding objects to assemblies (p. 221)
3. Pick the starting point.4 Assemblies
Tekla Structures creates basic assemblies of steel parts when you use a workshop weld or bolt to join parts together. 2. Click Modeling > Create Steel Part > Twin Profile. the main part is not welded or bolted to any other parts. You define the positions of both beams by selecting the twin profile type and setting the clearance between the beams in two directions.
See also
Creating an assembly (p. 75) Highlighting objects in an assembly (p. The main part in a steel assembly has other parts welded or bolted to it. 73) Removing objects from an assembly (p. or by joining assemblies together. By default. 75)
70
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. Optional: Modify the twin profile properties.
You can also create nested assemblies by adding sub-assemblies to existing assemblies. Pick the end point. 3.See also
Orthogonal beam properties (p. 4. To create a twin steel profile: 1.

3. Right-click and select Make into Assembly from the pop-up menu. 3.
As secondary part See also
Site
No assembly created. Select the parts you want to include in the sub-assembly. Select the parts and/or assemblies that you want to join together. 72)
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
71
. Right-click and select Make into Sub-Assembly from the pop-up menu. To control how Tekla Structures creates assemblies. 2. 70) Bolting sub-assemblies to an existing assembly (p. The first part you pick determines the assembly to which you are bolting. 71)
Using bolts to create assemblies
You can use bolts to create and connect assemblies. use the Connect part/assembly and Bolt type list boxes in the Bolt Properties dialog box. or you can just connect more parts to assemblies using bolts.
See also
Ensure that the Select assemblies selection switch is active. 70) Creating a sub-assembly (p.
Connect part/ assembly
As sub-assembly
Bolt type
Workshop or Site
Result Nested assembly with the assembly you are bolting as a sub-assembly.
Creating an assembly (p. 71) Using bolts to create assemblies (p.
See also
Ensure that the Select objects in assemblies selection switch is active.Exploding an assembly (p. The order in which you select parts when creating the connection determines the main and secondary parts of the assembly or the assembly hierarchy.
As secondary part
Workshop
Basic assembly with the part you are bolting as a secondary part.
Assemblies (p. 2.
Assemblies (p. You can create nested assemblies by connecting sub-assemblies to an existing assembly. 71) Using welds to create assemblies (p. 72)
Creating a sub-assembly
To create a sub-assembly of parts that are already in an assembly: 1. The first part you pick usually becomes the main part in the assembly. 76) Selecting assemblies and cast units
Creating an assembly
To create an assembly: 1. 76) Assembly examples (p.

Pick a point to indicate the bolt group x direction. You can create workshop welds and site welds.
As secondary part
Workshop
Basic assembly with the part you are welding as a secondary part. 2. The order in which you select parts when creating the connection determines the main and secondary parts of the assembly or the assembly hierarchy. To control how Tekla Structures creates assemblies. 6. 3. 4. 6. Select a part in the assembly to bolt to. 72)
72
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. The first part you select becomes the main part of the assembly.
Connect part/ assembly
As sub-assembly
Workshop/Site
Workshop or Site
Result Nested assembly with the assembly you are welding as a sub-assembly. The first part you pick determines the assembly to which you are welding. Select a part in the sub-assembly to be welded.
See also
Double-click the Create weld between parts icon to open the Weld Properties dialog box. Optional: Create a drawing to check that the weld marks look correct. Pick the bolt group origin. 5. the first part you select determines the assembly to which you weld sub-assemblies. In the Connect part/assembly list box. Click Apply or OK.
As secondary part See also
Site
No assembly created. When you connect assemblies. select As sub-assembly. In the Connect part/assembly list box. 3.Bolting sub-assemblies to an existing assembly
To bolt sub-assemblies to an existing assembly: 1. select As sub-assembly. 7. 2. 71)
Using welds to create assemblies
Tekla Structures forms assemblies based on where the weld should be made. The largest main part in the weld becomes the main part of the assembly. 4. 72)
Welding sub-assemblies to an existing assembly
To weld sub-assemblies to an existing assembly: 1. Click Apply or OK.
See also
Double-click the Create bolts icon to open the Bolt Properties dialog box. The first part you pick usually becomes the main part in the assembly. Tekla Structures dimensions secondary parts relative to the main part in assembly drawings.
Using bolts to create assemblies (p.
Assemblies (p. 5. use the Connect part/assembly and Workshop/Site list boxes in the Weld Properties dialog box. 70) Welding sub-assemblies to an existing assembly (p. Select a part in the sub-assembly to be bolted. Select a part in the assembly to weld to.
Using welds to create assemblies (p.

See also
Assemblies (p. through the basic and sub-assemblies. 70) Assembly hierarchy (p. Bolt or weld parts to an existing assembly as secondary parts. 75) Changing the main assembly (p. from single parts and bolts.Adding objects to assemblies
You can add objects to assemblies in the following ways:
To Create a basic assembly
Do this Do one of the following:
• •
Create a nested assembly
Add parts to an existing assembly as secondary parts. Bolt or weld assemblies to an existing assembly as sub-assemblies. 75)
Assembly hierarchy
You can work on any level of a nested assembly. To work with nested assemblies. Add assemblies to an existing assembly as subassemblies. you need to know how to use the Shift key and mouse scrolling to select objects on different levels in assembly hierarchy. up to the highest level of the nested assembly. Add parts to an existing assembly as secondary parts.
Do one of the following:
• • • •
Sub-assemblies in a nested assembly retain their own assembly information and main part. 74) Joining assemblies (p. Join existing assemblies together without adding any loose parts. 73) Adding parts to an assembly (p. You can also define properties separately for the sub-assemblies and the nested assembly by using the part properties dialog box. 74) Creating a nested assembly (p. 75) Changing the assembly main part (p.
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.

fabrication information.
74
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. 73) Selecting nested assemblies and components
Adding parts to an assembly
To add secondary parts to a basic assembly or to any level of a nested assembly: 1.
See also
Ensure that the Select objects in assemblies selection switch is active. 2. Select the part you want to add. They will become subassemblies in the nested assembly. 73)
Creating a nested assembly
To create a nested assembly: 1. for all assembly levels.Assembly hierarchy in nested assemblies affects drawings and reports. and still produce dimensions. Select the assemblies you want to add to another assembly. Right-click and select Assembly > Add as sub-assembly from the pop-up menu.
See also
Adding objects to assemblies (p. 3. etc. You can create separate drawings and reports of the sub-assemblies and the nested assembly.
Adding objects to assemblies (p. 3. Ensure that the Select assemblies selection switch is active. 2. Select the assembly to add to. 4. Select the assembly to add to. Right-click and select Assembly > Add to Assembly from the pop-up menu. marks. 4.

2. 2. Tekla Structures highlights the main and secondary parts in different colors.
See also
Adding objects to assemblies (p. To highlight objects in an assembly: 1. 2. 2.
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. Right-click and select Assembly > Remove from Assembly from the pop-up menu. Check what is currently the main part of the assembly.
Assemblies (p. the assembly with the largest volume becomes the main assembly. The assembly with the largest volume becomes the main assembly. Ensure that the Select objects in assemblies selection switch is active. 73)
Changing the assembly main part
To change the main part in an assembly: 1. 3. Click Tools > Inquire > Assembly Objects. b Click Tools > Inquire > Assembly Objects. 73)
Changing the main assembly
When you join two or more assemblies together. Ensure that the Select assemblies selection switch is active.See also
Adding objects to assemblies (p. 4. 3. a Ensure that the Select assemblies selection switch is active.
See also
Select the new main assembly. 70)
Highlighting objects in an assembly
Use the Inquire tool to check which objects belong to a particular assembly. Select the new main part.
See also
Changing the main assembly (p.
See also
Select the part or sub-assembly you want to remove. Select the assemblies you want to join. 75) Adding objects to assemblies (p. You can change the main assembly at any time. Tekla Structures changes the main part. Right-click and select Assembly > Make into Assembly from the pop-up menu. 2. Right-click and select Assembly > Set as New Main Sub-Assembly from the pop-up menu. Select a part that belongs to an assembly. Click Modeling > Assembly > Set as New Main Object of Assembly. To change the main assembly in a nested assembly: 1. 73)
Removing objects from an assembly
To remove objects from an assembly: 1. 73)
Joining assemblies
To join existing assemblies without adding any loose parts: 1. c Select the assembly.
Adding objects to assemblies (p.

See also
Assemblies (p. You need to use the Explode command several times to break a nested assembly back to single parts. 70)
Exploding an assembly
When you explode a nested assembly. always starting from the highest level. The following colors are used:
Object type Concrete .main part Concrete . • To only explode the sub-assembly.
76
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. Select the assembly or sub-assembly you want to explode. To explode an assembly: 1. another assembly drawing showing how the corbel and the other part are welded to the column.secondary part
See also
Highlight color magenta cyan blue orange yellow
Assemblies (p.secondary part Reinforcement Steel part .main part Steel part . You can also explode sub-assemblies to single parts without breaking the entire assembly hierarchy.Tekla Structures highlights the other parts that belong to the same assembly. Do one of the following: • To explode the entire assembly. right-click and select Assembly > Explode from the pop-up menu. and then attached to the column in another workshop. 70)
Assembly examples
Column corbel
A column corbel is fabricated in one workshop. Model the corbel as a sub-assembly of the column. 2. Then create an assembly drawing for each workshop: one assembly drawing showing how the corbel is welded together. right-click and select Assembly > Explode SubAssembly from the pop-up menu. Tekla Structures breaks the assembly hierarchy level by level.

78) Creating a strip footing (p. Create assembly drawings for the workshop to fabricate the truss halves. 79)
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. You can create an assembly drawing showing the entire frame. 78) Creating a concrete beam (p.5 Concrete parts
This section explains how to create concrete parts.Drawing 2.
See also
Creating a pad footing (p. Workshop 1
Complex truss
Model the halves of a complex truss as assemblies. 70) Assembly drawing
Built-up profile
See also
3. In a frame of built-up columns and beams. 79) Creating a concrete polybeam (p. 78) Creating a concrete column (p. Assemblies (p. Then create another assembly drawing showing how the halves should be joined on site. and separate drawings showing how the columns and beams are constructed. Workshop 2 Drawing 1. each built-up profile can be a sub-assembly.

or click the middle mouse button to finish picking. The corners of the slab can be chamfered. Pick the corner points of the slab. 7. Select the round chamfer symbol Type the chamfer radius in the x field. 6.
80
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. 5.See also
Polybeam chamfers (p. the profile you use defines the thickness of the slab and the picked points define the shape. 4. 2. 3. Repeat steps 3–5 for each corner. 4. Select the slab. Double-click a handle to display the Chamfer Properties dialog box. 5. 225)
Creating a round slab
To create a round slab: 1. 2.
See also
Creating a round slab (p. 3. Click the Create concrete slab icon. Create a square slab with sides equal to the diameter of the round slab you want to create. 106) Concrete beam properties (p. 225) Polybeam length calculation
Creating a concrete slab
When you create a concrete slab. Pick the starting point. from the list box. To create a concrete slab: 1. Pick the starting point again. Click Modify. Optional: Modify the concrete slab properties. 80) Concrete slab properties (p.

See also
Creating a concrete slab (p. You can change the main part in a cast unit. Pick the points you want the panel to go through. chamfer the corners of the panel.
See also
Creating a cast unit (p. or click the middle mouse button to finish picking. For construction purposes you may need to merge several concrete parts into one cast unit. 82) Removing objects from a cast unit (p. For example. By default. Click the Create concrete panel icon. 3. You need to specify which parts form the cast unit. Optional: To create curved segments. 2. 83)
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. 104)
3. 4. Double-click the end point.
See also
Concrete panel properties Chamfers (p. 225) Chamfers (p. 80) Concrete slab properties (p. 104)
Creating a concrete panel
To create a concrete panel: 1. 5.6 Cast units
The concrete structures in Tekla Structures are modeled as single parts. each part is considered a separate cast unit. as well as concrete parts. Cast units can include reinforcement. The main part in a concrete cast unit is the one with the largest volume of concrete. Optional: Modify the concrete panel properties. a single cast unit could consist of a column with corbels. 82) Adding objects to cast units (p.

This applies to anything that is not concrete.
Cast units (p. 84)
Creating a cast unit
To create a cast unit: 1. 82)
Adding concrete objects to a cast unit
To add concrete objects to a cast unit: 1. 2. such as steel parts and insulation.
See also
Click Modeling > Cast Unit > Add to. 3. Optional: To check what is currently the main part of the cast unit. Ensure that the Select objects in assemblies selection switch is active. 82)
Changing the cast unit main part
To change the main part in a cast unit: 1. Select the new main part. 83) Defining the cast unit type (p.
Adding objects to cast units (p. Select the non-concrete part you want to add. Select the objects you want to add. 4. Click Modeling > Assembly > Add as Sub-Assembly. click Tools > Inquire > Assembly Objects. 3. 83) Casting direction (p. Select an object in the cast unit. To add a non-concrete part to a cast unit: 1.
82
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. 3. Select the cast unit to which you want to add the part. 82)
Adding non-concrete objects to a cast unit
Use the Add as Sub-Assembly command when adding non-concrete objects to a cast unit. 82) Adding non-concrete objects to a cast unit (p.
See also
Ensure that the Select components selection switch is active.
See also
Cast units (p. 2. 82) Changing the cast unit main part (p. 81) Adding concrete objects to a cast unit (p. 3. Click the middle mouse button to create the cast unit. Right-click and select Set as New Main Part of Assembly from the pop-up menu. 83) Exploding a cast unit (p.Highlighting objects in a cast unit (p.
Adding objects to cast units (p. Select the objects you want to include in the cast unit. 2.
See also
Click Modeling > Cast Unit > Create. 4. 2. 81)
Adding objects to cast units
This section explains how to add objects to a cast unit.

To highlight objects in a cast unit: 1. To define whether a concrete part is precast or cast in place: 1. 81)
Defining the cast unit type
Tekla Structures checks the cast unit type of the cast unit main part each time you create or modify a cast unit. 81)
Exploding a cast unit
To explode a cast unit: 1.
See also
Click Modeling > Cast Unit > Remove From. 2.main part Concrete .
Cast units (p. 81)
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83
. 2. The following colors are used:
Object type Concrete . 81)
Highlighting objects in a cast unit
Use the Inquire tool to check which objects belong to a particular cast unit.main part Steel part . Select a part that belongs to a cast unit. Tekla Structures does not mix precast and cast-in-place parts inside a cast unit. 4. Click Tools > Inquire > Assembly Objects. In the Cast unit type list box.secondary part Reinforcement Steel part .
Cast units (p.See also
Adding objects to cast units (p. 3.
Cast units (p. 2. 2. Click Modify to save the changes. 82)
Removing objects from a cast unit
To remove objects from a cast unit: 1. Tekla Structures highlights the other parts that belong to the same cast unit. Go to the Cast unit tab.secondary part
See also
Highlight color magenta cyan blue orange yellow
Cast units (p. Select an object in the cast unit you want to explode. select Precast or Cast in place.
See also
Click Modeling > Cast Unit > Explode. Select the objects you want to remove.
See also
Double-click a concrete part to open the concrete part properties dialog box.

To hide the top-in-form face again. 84)
84
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Creating and Modifying Structures
. Right-click and select Cast Unit > Set Top in Form Face. use the Fixed coordinate system to show the top-in-form face in the front view. Select a concrete part. The top-in-form face is displayed in the front view of a drawing. 2. 81) Defining the casting direction of a part (p. 2. 84)
Defining the casting direction of a part
To define the casting direction of a concrete part: 1. you can define which part face you want to have on top of the casting form.
See also
Cast units (p.
See also
Select a concrete part. Tekla Structures highlights the top-in-form face in red:
In drawings. 84)
Showing the top-in-form face
To display the top-in-form face of a concrete part: 1. 3.
See also
Casting direction (p. right-click the view and select Update Window from the pop-up menu.
Casting direction (p. Select the part face that will face upwards in the form.Casting direction
To indicate the casting direction of a concrete part. Right-click and select Cast Unit > Show Top in Form Face.

to which the secondary parts will be bolted. In most cases it is easier to create bolt groups by applying a component that includes bolt groups. 86) Bolt group position (p. 2. You cannot use bolt elements (such as screws. Explode the component. You can create different part marks for holes and bolts in drawings. as Tekla Structures uses the same command for creating bolts and holes. 7. 88) The bolt and bolt assembly catalogs
Creating a bolt group
To create a bolt group: 1.
See also
Creating a bolt group (p. 87) Bolt offsets (p. as shown in the table below:
86
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. and nuts) while creating holes. 85) Bolt properties (p.
Bolts (p. 4. 3. Click Detailing > Bolts > Create Bolts.
See also
Apply a component. 2. Pick a second point to indicate the bolt group x direction. Optional: Modify the bolt properties. 6. 3. 5. Modify the bolt group. You can also create a new bolt group by modifying an existing one. Pick a point. To create new bolts by modifying an existing bolt group: 1. which is the bolt group origin.For more information on using components to automatically create bolt groups. 88)
Bolt group shape
You have the following options for bolt group shape:
• • •
Array for rectangular Circle for circular xy list for any shape
Tekla Structures uses the values of the Bolt dist X and Bolt dist Y fields to determine how many bolts the bolt group contains. 227) Bolt group shape (p. Select the main part. 88) Changing or adding bolted parts (p. Select the secondary parts. 86) Creating a single bolt (p. washers. see Defining bolts and welds in the Detailing Manual. Click the middle mouse button to finish selecting parts.

Number of bolts.Shape
Array Circle xy list
Bolt dist X Spacing between bolts. from the bolt group point of origin.
Bolt dist Y Spacing between bolts. in the y direction of the bolt group. from the bolt group point of origin. 86)
Bolt group position
Tekla Structures determines the location of the bolt group using the following values:
• •
Bolt group x axis Work plane
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.
Examples
Bolt group shape
Array
Dimensions
Bolt dist X: 150 Bolt dist Y: 100
Picture
Circle
Number of bolts: 6 Diameter: 100
xy list
Bolt dist X: 75 175 250 Bolt dist Y: 75 -50 0
See also
Creating a bolt group (p. y coordinate of each bolt. x coordinate of each bolt. Diameter of the bolt group. in the x direction of the bolt group.

Under Bolt group. Offsets move the bolt group by moving the x axis of the bolt group. 86)
Creating a single bolt
To create a single bolt: 1.Dimensions are relative to the bolt group origin.
See also
Creating a bolt group (p. Click Apply to save the changes. 3. The starting point values Dx.
• • •
Example
A positive Dx value moves the starting point towards the end point.
Bolts (p. In the Bolt dist X and Bolt dist Y fields. 86)
Changing or adding bolted parts
To change the parts a bolt group connects to:
88
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
.
An example bolt group with the Dx starting point set to 75:
See also
Creating a bolt group (p. Follow the instructions on the status bar. which is the first point you pick when creating a bolt group. 227) Creating a bolt group (p. It is important that the points you pick to create the bolt group are close enough to the parts you want to connect. 2. select Array from the Shape list box. 85) Bolt properties (p. 4. 86)
Bolt offsets
You can use offsets to change the position of the bolt group. Dy and Dz move the first end of the bolt group. Create the bolt the same way you would create a bolt group. Dz moves the end point perpendicular to the current work plane. The end point values move the second end of the bolt group.
See also
Double-click the Create bolts icon to open the Bolt Properties dialog box. type 0. 5. relative to the bolt group x axis.
Dy moves the end point perpendicular to the bolt group x axis on the current work plane. Tekla Structures sets the x direction of a bolt group using the second point picked.

Click Apply to save the changes.
Click Detailing > Bolts > Edit Bolted Parts. you need to change some of the properties in the Bolt Properties dialog box.
Holes (p. Optional: Modify the hole properties. 86)
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89
. If you do not want to create any bolts.
See also
Double-click the Create bolts icon to open the Bolt Properties dialog box. When prompted. reselect the main and secondary parts. 90) Creating slotted holes (p. 90)
Creating round holes
Tekla Structures calculates the diameter of a round hole as the sum of Bolt size and Tolerance.2 Holes
Tekla Structures uses the same command for creating bolts and holes. 2. If you want to create only holes without any bolts. 5.
See also
Bolts (p. Follow the instructions on the status bar. 3. clear all the Include in bolt assembly check boxes. Tekla Structures automatically updates bolt length to suit these changes.1. 89) Creating oversized holes (p. 85)
4. To create round holes: 1. 4. Before creating holes. 2. clear all the Include in bolt assembly check boxes:
You can create the following types of holes:
• • • •
See also
Round Oversized Slotted Tapped
Creating round holes (p. Create the holes the same way you would create a bolt group. 89) Creating a bolt group (p.

select Slotted. 5.
3. Follow the instructions on the status bar. 86)
Creating oversized holes
To create oversized holes:
90
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. Tekla Structures counts the pieces of steel from the head of the bolt down.
Crossing slotted holes to odd or even parts Parallel slotted holes 7. 2. select Even or Odd to rotate alternate holes by 90 degrees.Creating slotted holes
To create slotted holes: 1. Optional: In the Rotate slots list box.
See also
Click Apply to save the changes. Create the holes the same way you would create a bolt group. If you do not want to create any bolts.
Holes (p. Double-click the Create bolts icon to open the Bolt Properties dialog box. clear all the Include in bolt assembly check boxes. select the desired Parts with slotted holes check boxes.
Tolerance Slotted hole X or Y Bolt size 6. 8. Tekla Structures slots the second piece of steel from the head of the bolt. Enter the allowance for the slotted hole in the x and y directions of the hole group using the Slotted hole X or Slotted hole Y fields. 89) Creating a bolt group (p. To indicate which parts should be slotted. if you select the second check box from the head of the bolt. For example. 4. In the Hole type list box.

Polygon weld You define the exact position of the weld by picking the points you want the weld to traverse. The following types of welds can be created manually:
•
Weld between parts Tekla Structures welds two parts together using the weld position defined in the Weld Properties dialog box.
See also
Double-click the Create bolts icon to open the Bolt Properties dialog box. The length of the weld depends on the length of the connection between the welded parts.3 Welds
You can either create a weld manually.
Holes (p. or use a component that automatically creates welds. 4.1. select Oversized. 3. Click Detailing > Weld > Create Weld between Parts. 2. 94)
Creating a weld between parts
To weld parts together: 1. 2. 3. this is the main part of the assembly. 93) Creating a weld to a part (p. enter the allowance for the oversized hole. In the Hole type list box. clear all the Include in bolt assembly check boxes. If you are creating a workshop weld.
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. You can also use a negative value to create smaller (tapped) holes. Follow the instructions on the status bar. If you are creating a workshop weld. 94) Weld preparation (p. Select the part to be welded. 89) Creating a bolt group (p. If you do not want to create any bolts. 7. Select the desired Parts with slotted holes check boxes to indicate which plies of the connection get oversized holes. In the Oversize field. Create the holes the same way you would create a bolt group. without connecting any other parts. 91) Creating a polygon weld (p. this is the secondary part of the assembly. Click Apply to save the changes. Select the part to weld to. 4. Single-part weld Tekla Structures creates a weld to a single part. 6. Optional: Modify the weld properties. 5. 86)
4.
•
•
See also
Creating a weld between parts (p.

The type and position of the parts to be welded affect the position of the weld.
Example
The following image shows welds in different positions.Main part Secondary part
See also
Welds (p. 92) Weld size prefixes (p. 91) Weld properties (p. Tekla Structures creates the weld on the face or side of the part that faces in the selected direction (x.
See also
Creating a weld between parts (p. If there are no faces that touch in the specified direction. 72)
Weld position
You define the position of a weld relative to the work plane. Tekla Structures places the weld relative to the center point of the secondary part. 93) Using welds to create assemblies (p. or z). The options for weld position are:
• • •
x y z
These can all be in a positive or negative direction. 229) Weld position (p. 91)
92
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. y.

pick the points you want the weld to go through.Weld size prefixes
The weld size prefix is shown in drawings. If you are creating a workshop weld. The following table describes the standard ISO 2553 prefixes:
Prefix a s z
Description Design throat thickness Penetration throat thickness Leg length
See also
Creating a weld between parts (p. Pick the starting and end point. 2. 91)
Creating a polygon weld
To weld parts together using a polygon: 1. Click the middle mouse button to create the weld. but only if the Size checkbox is also selected. 5. Click Detailing > Weld > Create Polygon Weld. If you are creating a workshop weld. or alternatively. 3. this is the main part of the assembly. Select the part to weld to. this is the secondary part of the assembly. Select the part to be welded. 4.
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.

without connecting any other parts: 1. set the variable XS_DISABLE_WELD_PREP_SOLID to TRUE in your environment initialization file. 2. use the SPD profile.
Example
Click Detailing > Weld > Create Weld to Part. 3. their edges can be beveled to produce a groove for the weld. You can define the angle of bevels and grooves. Select the part that you want to weld. 72)
Creating a weld to a part
To create a weld to a part. Pick the starting and end point.
See also
Welds (p. 91) Manually preparing a part for welding (p. Select the part that you want to cut. 4.
See also
Welds (p. Click the middle mouse button to create the weld. You can either prepare a part for welding manually. To manually prepare a part to be welded: 1. 91)
Weld preparation
When parts are prepared for welding. pick the points you want the weld to go through. 91) Using welds to create assemblies (p.
To prevent automatic weld preparation.
Use the Create Weld to Part command to weld seams in tubular sections:
To model tubular sections with visible seams. 94) Welded connections
Manually preparing a part for welding
Before you start. create a cutting part and position it through the part you want to cut. or alternatively. Click Detailing > Weld > Prepare Part for Welding.See also
Welds (p. or apply a component that does it automatically. 2.
94
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
.

When you create overlapping surface treatments. Surface treatment for concrete parts include flat finishes. you change the size of a part).4 Surface treatment
Use the surface treatment tools to add surface treatment to parts. the smaller surface treatment overrides the larger one. surface mixes.
Select the cutting part.
The part to be cut The cutting part Cuts are displayed using dash-and-dot lines
See also
Weld preparation (p. Tekla Structures automatically modifies the surface treatment to fit the part. Surface treatments are visible only in rendered views. The overlapping area is recognized in reports: only the topmost (visible) surface treatment is calculated.g. When you redefine the properties of a part (e. Surface treatment for steel parts include fire-proofing and unpainted areas.3. and tiles. 94)
4. for example.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
95
.

95)
Adding surface treatment to parts
This section explains how to add surface treatment to a part. 2.. 100)
Modifying surface treatment properties
To define the properties of a surface treatment: 1. Set the Color to use to display the surface treatment in rendered views.
9. 98)
96
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. 96) Adding surface treatment to parts (p. 5. 97) Adding surface treatment to cut faces (p. 95) Adding surface treatment to a selected area (p... Front. Enter the Thickness of the surface treatment. 97) Adding surface treatment to a part face (p. and Behind. 97) Surface treatment on chamfered parts (p. select the location of the surface treatment. to select a material from the catalog. 96) Creating new surface treatment options (p. 99) Tiled surface treatment (p. select the pattern from the Pattern type list box. Click Detailing > Properties > Surface Treatment. In the Type list box. select the specific surface treatment.. 3.
See also
Surface treatment (p. 4. select the type of surface treatment to use. 8. 7. In the At depth list box. 98) Surface treatment on parts with openings and recesses (p. Click the Select. select Tile surface from the Type list box. c The Definition table lists the properties of the pattern type.
See also
Surface treatment (p. b On the Pattern tab. The options are Middle. to open the Surface Treatment Properties dialog box. In the Surface treatment name list box.See also
Modifying surface treatment properties (p. 97) Adding surface treatment to all faces of a part (p. Click Apply or OK to save the surface treatment properties. 6. Optional: To define the properties of a tiled surface treatment: a On the Attributes tab.

Select the part to apply the surface treatment to. 2.
See also
Adding surface treatment to parts (p. Pick a point to indicate the direction of the surface treatment. Pick the origin of the surface treatment. Click Detailing > Create Surface Treatment.
See also
Adding surface treatment to parts (p. a Move the mouse cursor over a part. Pick the origin of the surface treatment. b Select the part face. 4. 3. 96)
Adding surface treatment to a part face
To add surface treatment to the entire face of a part: 1. 2. The faces that you can select appear in blue. Click Detailing > Create Surface Treatment > To Part Face. 4.
See also
Click Detailing > Create Surface Treatment > To All Faces of Part. 4. Select the part to apply the surface treatment to. 96) Modifying surface treatment properties (p. 2. 2.Adding surface treatment to a selected area
To add surface treatment to a selected area on the face of a part: 1. 96)
Adding surface treatment to cut faces
To add surface treatment to cut faces: 1. Select the cut face to apply the surface treatment to:
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. The faces that you can select appear in blue. and then select either To Part Face or To Selected Area on Part Face. Select an area of the part face to apply the surface treatment to. c Pick three or more points on the part face to define a polygonal area.
Adding surface treatment to parts (p. 96) Modifying surface treatment properties (p. b Select the part face. 3. Pick the direction. Pick a point to indicate the direction of the surface treatment. a Move the mouse cursor over a part. Pick the origin of the surface treatment. Click Detailing > Create Surface Treatment > To Selected Area on Part Face. 3. 96) Modifying surface treatment properties (p. 96)
Adding surface treatment to all faces of a part
To add surface treatment to all faces of a part: 1.

or right).5. The chamfers for the main part and surface treatment are separate. 96) Modifying surface treatment properties (p. Add surface treatment before chamfering the part. left.
98
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. If surface treatment is applied to a chamfered part. The orientation of unsymmetric chamfers depends on the face where it was created (such as top. To change the orientation of an unsymmetric chamfer. 96)
Surface treatment on parts with openings and recesses
To force Tekla Structures to consider openings and recesses in parts when adding surface treatment.
See also
Adding surface treatment to parts (p. select the Cut by father part cuts checkbox in the Surface Treatment Properties dialog box. pick the points to define the area of the surface treatment. the surface treatment chamfer cannot be modified later on. bottom. Modifying the main part chamfer does not affect the surface treatment chamfer. you must swap the chamfer's x and y values. 96)
Surface treatment on chamfered parts
Take these things into account when adding surface treatment to chamfered parts:
• • • •
Surface treatment does not work on sketched profiles with chamfers.
Adding surface treatment to parts (p.
See also
If you are using the To Selected Area on Part Face command.

The file is located in the . Open the product_finishes.
See also
Adding surface treatment to parts (p.
To create new surface treatment options: 1..\Tekla Structures\<version>\environments\<environment>\system folder. Tekla Structures automatically adds surface treatment also to the cut faces.The green surface treatment has the Cut by father part cuts check box selected The tiled surface treatment is not cut by the cut in the part: Cut by father part cuts is not selected. The first section of the file defines the available types of surface treatment. Do not edit this section:
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. 96) Modifying surface treatment properties (p.
If you use the To All Faces of Part command and select the Cut by father part cuts checkbox.
You can add new options to the Surface treatment name list box in the Surface Treatment
Properties dialog box. 96)
Creating new surface treatment options
This section is for advanced users.dat file using any text editor.

The Basketweave pattern block is made up of eight tiles:
Tile width Mortar width VOffset HOffset Red marks indicate TileOrigin. and then modify it to suit your needs.
See also
Repeat adding <TilePattern> elements for all the patterns you want to define.The <TilePattern> element must have <HOffset> and <VOffset> elements and at least one <Tile> element.xml file. 4. 104)
Example pattern definition
This example explains how the Basketweave tile pattern is defined in the TilePatternCatalog.
Tiled surface treatment (p. 100) Example pattern definition (p.xml file. Save the TilePatternCatalog. Other elements are optional. 103) Tile pattern elements (p.
3.
You may find it easier to copy one of the existing elements. Angle value for vertical tiles is 90
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
101
. 101) Tile pattern definitions (p.

the pattern is defined as follows:
102
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
.Tile height Mortar height The pattern is repeated in the x and y direction of the surface treatment. You can run the pattern in different x directions:
In the TilePatternCatalog.xml file. starting from the origin of the surface treatment.

TilePatternCatalog.. after which the pattern repeats The definition file uses the same symbols as the pattern definition table in the Surface Treatment Properties dialog box:
See also
Creating new tile patterns (p. 100)
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103
. Document Type Declaration (DTD) file that defines the elements allowed in the TilePatternCatalog. 100) Tile pattern definitions (p. Located in the . after which the pattern repeats The size of the pattern block in the y direction. For example..dtd
Thumbnail images
• • •
See also
Tiled surface treatment (p. Filenames identify the pattern types.The name of the pattern The size of the pattern block in the x direction. Located in the same folder as the TilePatternCatalog. herringbone. 104)
Tile pattern definitions
The predefined tile patterns that are available in the Surface Treatment Properties dialog box are stored in the following files:
File TilePatternCatalog.xml file. 103) Tile pattern elements (p.xml
Description
• • • •
Contains the tile pattern definitions.xml file.\Tekla Structures\<version>\nt\bitmaps folder.\Tekla Structures\<version>\environments \<environment>\system folder. The images that appear in the Picture field in the Surface Treatment Properties dialog box.bmp illustrates the herringbone pattern type. Located in the .

See also
Tiled surface treatment (p.Tile pattern elements
The TilePatternCatalog. Required. 100)
4. This element can contain the following elements listed in this table. practical. 115) Shortening and lengthening parts (p. you can chamfer part corners and part edges. 113) Cambering parts (p. Optional. defined from the origin of the pattern. steel and concrete polybeams. 117)
Chamfers
Chamfers are modeling details that can be used to refine the shape of parts for aesthetic.5 Fine-tuning part shape
This section describes the various tools you can use to fine-tune the shape of a part. defined by the RGB values (0– 255). and manufacturing reasons.
See also
Chamfers (p.
104
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. Required. Tile pattern element. 108) Cuts (p. The end points of a part do not have corner chamfers. In Tekla Structures. 112) Warping concrete parts (p. 116) Splitting parts (p. The individual tiles used in a tile pattern. Required. Optional. Horizontal offset of the tile pattern. The handles that you select must be at corner points or between two segments of a part. 104) Fittings (p. Optional. Color of the tile or mortar. The origin of an individual tile. Vertical offset of the tile pattern. Required. At least one required.
Limitations
Only the following parts have corner chamfers: contour plates. 109) Modifying the shape of a polygon (p. 115) Combining parts (p. and parts that you create by picking more than two points (strip footings.xml file can contain the following elements:
Element
TilePatternCatalog TilePattern HOffset VOffset Tile Color Parameter Label TileOrigin
Description The container for tile patterns. and concrete panels). The label that identifies a parameter in the dialog box. concrete slabs. Creates an attribute for any element in the TilePattern. Optional.

The coordinates follow the part’s local coordinate system. which does not change the geometry of the part. 232) Corner chamfer types and dimensions (p. The table below describes the chamfer types and dimensions used with the Create Chamfer > For Part Corner command.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
105
. Tekla Structures only uses one dimension for curved chamfers. 105) Chamfering part edges (p. 5. 105) Polybeam chamfers (p. 104) Corner chamfer properties (p.
To modify a corner chamfer: 1. Modify the chamfer properties. Double-click the handle of any part corner. by default it has a rectangular chamfer at each corner.
Chamfers (p. 4. You can modify the default chamfers.See also
Fine-tuning part shape (p. 3. Click Modify. 2. 107)
Chamfering part corners
When Tekla Structures creates a part. The Chamfer Properties dialog box is displayed. Select the handles of the part corners you want to modify. 104) Chamfering part corners (p. 106)
Corner chamfer types and dimensions
Straight chamfers can have different dimensions in two directions.
See also
Select the part.

Type
None
Icon
Dimensions x: not used y: not used x:the distance in the x coordinate direction from the corner y: the distance in the y coordinate direction from the corner
Line
Rounding
x: the radius y: not used x: the radius y: not used x: not used y: not used The chamfer is perpendicular to the edges. Tekla Structures places a rectangular corner chamfer between each polybeam segment. x: the distance in the x coordinate direction from the corner y: the distance in the y coordinate direction from the corner
Line and arc
x (if smaller than y): the arc radius x (if bigger than y): the distance in the x coordinate direction from the corner y (if smaller than x): the arc radius y (if bigger than x): the distance in the y coordinate direction from the corner
See also
Chamfering part corners (p. Tekla Structures shows the status of polybeam chamfers using the following colors:
106
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. You can modify the default chamfers. x: the distance in the x coordinate direction from the corner y: the distance in the y coordinate direction from the corner
Arc
Arc point
Square
Square parallel
The chamfer is parallel to the opposite edge. 105)
Polybeam chamfers
By default.

Pick a second point where you want the chamfer to end on the part edge.
See also
Chamfering part corners (p. a Double-click the chamfer to open the Edge Chamfer Properties dialog box. 4. Optional: Modify the chamfer. Select the part you want to chamfer. 5.
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. b Modify the chamfer properties. set the advanced option XS_DRAW_CHAMFERS_HANDLES to CHAMFERS. 105)
Chamfering part edges
To chamfer the edge of a part: 1. 2.Color Magenta
Description Correct chamfer
Example
Yellow
Correct chamfer that cannot be unfolded
Red
Incorrect chamfer
To see the chamfer lines of polybeams. Tekla Structures displays the chamfer in light blue color. Pick a point where you want the chamfer to start on the part edge. Click Detailing > Create Chamfer > For Part Edge. 3.

232) Chamfers (p.
Fitting symbol
See also
Fine-tuning part shape (p.
108
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. Right-click the view and select Redraw View. 2. 108)
Creating a fitting
To create a fitting: 1. Pick the second point of the cutting line. Fittings cannot be used on contour plates. perpendicular to the view plane. 4. Select the part you want to cut with a fitting. 3.
See also
Edge chamfer properties (p. Do not use fittings to otherwise change the length of a part in the model. 104)
Fittings
You can fit the end of a part to a plane by creating a straight cutting line between two points you pick. A fitting adjusts the end of a beam on a plane. You can use fittings to extend or shorten parts inside a component. which makes it easier to create connections. Pick the first point of the cutting line. Tekla Structures removes the chamfered edge. details.6. Click Detailing > Fit Part End. which passes through the cutting line you pick.
c Click OK. 104) Creating a fitting (p. and so on.

108)
Cuts
You can use cuts to shape a part.
See also
Cutting parts with a line (p. because then Tekla Structures will ignore the first fitting.
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109
. line cuts do not affect beam length in NC files.Do not apply a second fitting on the same part end.
Cuts are displayed using dash-and-dot lines Cut lines are hidden By default. 111) Cutting parts with a polygon (p. 111) Cutting parts with another part (p. Do not use cuts for cutting the entire part end.
See also
Fittings (p. 111)
Polygon cuts
A polygon cut cuts a part using a polygonal shape. use the Cut Part commands instead. 112) Hiding cut lines in a view (p. Tekla Structures displays the cut using dashand-dot lines. In situations like this. see Fittings affect NC data. 240)
Line cuts
A line cut cuts the end of a beam on a plane that passes through the line you pick. This happens if you use the Fit Part End command for cutting and try to make two cuts on the same part end. You must create cuts in a plane view. For more information on how to change this. 240) Cutting efficiently (p.
See also
Cutting parts with a line (p. Tekla Structures displays the cut line using dash-and-dot lines.

it can be unclear whether the edge should be cut away. 111)
Part cuts
You can cut a part using another part. This can be useful.Polygon-shaped cut Cut lines are hidden
You should always define the polygon so that there is some tolerance between the edges.
110
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. Tekla Structures displays the cut using dash-and-dot lines. You can cut parts that already have cuts.
See also
Cutting parts with a polygon (p. If the edge of a cutting polygon is in exactly the same position as the edge of the part to be cut. for example. when you want to create more sophisticated cut shapes.

3. 5. click the middle mouse button or click Edit > Finish Polygon Input. 112)
Cutting parts with a line
Use line cuts to shape the end of a beam or column. 4. To cut a part with a line: 1.
Cuts (p.
See also
Click Detailing > Cut Part > With Line. Select the part you want to cut. This makes it unclear what should be cut away. Select the part you want to cut. 109)
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111
. if you are creating a polygonal cut on the yz plane. 2. Pick the first point of the cutting line. Ensure that the work plane is on the plane you are cutting on. 109)
Cutting parts with a polygon
To cut a part using a polygonal shape: 1. To close the polygon. Pick positions to outline the polygon to be used for cutting. Click Detailing > Cut Part > With Polygon. For example. you should temporarily set your work plane to the yz plane as well. Pick the side you want to remove. 3.
See also
Cutting parts with another part (p. Pick the second point of the cutting line. 109) Line cuts (p. 109) Polygon cuts (p. 5. 4.
2.
See also
Cuts (p.Cuts are displayed using dash-and-dot lines Cut lines are hidden
Do not create cuts with the same planes or vertices.

contour plates. 4. 110)
Modifying the shape of a polygon
You can modify the shape of the following polygonal parts: steel and concrete polybeams. concrete slabs.Cutting parts with another part
Before you start. Pick another existing corner (4). Pick new corners for the polygon (2. b Select the cutting part and press Delete. 3. 109) Part cuts (p. 57)
112
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. 6. Tekla Structures cuts the selected main part. move the handles using drag-and-drop or the Move command.
Alternatively. 4. Pick an existing corner (1). and strip footings. To modify the shape of a polygonal part: 1. 3). 2. Click Detailing > Cut Part > With Another Part Select the part you want to cut. 5.
See also
Cuts (p. To cut a part with another part: 1. Select the cutting part. Select the part you want to modify.
See also
Moving an object Moving an object using drag-and-drop Part position (p. 2. a Ensure that the Select cuts and fittings selection switch is off. Delete the cutting part. create a cutting part and position it through the part you want to cut. Pick the corner to remove (5). 3. Click Detailing > Modify Polygon Shape. concrete panels. The part cut does not affect other parts.

See also
Warping concrete parts (p. use the dz1 field. 4.
Fine-tuning part shape (p. 113) Warping a concrete slab by moving chamfers (p.Warping concrete parts
Use the following methods to warp concrete parts:
To Warp a concrete beam Warp a concrete slab
See also
Do this Use the deforming options in the part properties dialog box. relative to the part reference line. Go to the Deforming tab. In the Start field. 113) Warping a Floor Bay (66) slab (p. Double-click a chamfer to open the Chamfer Properties dialog box. to warp the beam 45 degrees at the end point. 2. enter the angle of the beam at its end point. • To move the upper corner of the chamfer. create a concrete slab by using the Create concrete slab command. enter the angle of the beam at its start point. 6. relative to the part reference line.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
113
. For example. 113)
Warping a concrete slab by moving chamfers
Before you start.
Click Modify to warp the slab. Click OK to close the dialog box. Move the chamfers. Click Modify to warp the beam.
5.
•
3.
To move the lower corner of the chamfer. Modify the chamfer properties. 114)
Warping a beam using deformation angles
To warp a beam: 1. 3. In the End field. To warp a concrete slab by moving the chamfers: 1. 2. Double-click the beam to open the Beam properties dialog box. use the dz2 field. type 0 in the Start angle field and 45 in the End angle field. 104) Warping a beam using deformation angles (p.

•
The End field shows the warping angle at the end point of the part. Ensure that the Select objects in components selection switch is on. double-click a slab to open the Beam properties dialog box.
Right-click and select Interrupt from the pop-up menu to finish.
See also
Warping concrete parts (p. For example.Linear dialog box.4. 4. and go to the Deforming tab. 7. Click Move. Tekla Structures moves the point in the direction you selected. 2.
Right-click and select Move Special > Linear from the pop-up menu.
Click OK to close the dialog box. To warp a Floor Bay (66) slab by moving chamfers: 1. Select the chamfer you want to move. type 100 in the dZ field to lift that corner up 100 mm.
6. • The Start field shows the warping angle at the start point of the part. To see the warping angle of a single slab. which warps the slabs. Ensure that the Select components selection switch is on. create a concrete slab by using the Modeling of floor bay (66) component. type a value in the appropriate direction field. In the Move . 5.
114
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. For example. 8. select the corner point of a slab component to warp that end of the slab:
3. 113)
Warping a Floor Bay (66) slab
Before you start.

3. This can be useful for adding length to concrete precast parts in the cast condition while the model stays in the erected state. 115)
Cambering a part
To camber a part: 1. The most common use for this is to account for prestressing elastic shortening. 4.See also
Warping concrete parts (p. define the degree of camber. to curve long heavy sections that will settle on site and become flat. including the template output. Go to the Deforming tab. In the Cambering field. 115)
Shortening and lengthening parts
Use the shortening functionality to make the drawing of a part longer or shorter than the part in the model. Use cambering to show the natural camber of a prestressed part in a model. Click Modify. 113)
Cambering parts
You can use cambering to pre-camber parts. in other words. 104) Cambering a part (p. Tekla Structures decreases the true length of the part by the value defined in the Shortening field. skews. and embeds in the model. where the part actually shrinks a fraction of an inch after casting and after the strands are cut.
The cambering functionality is available only in the Full and Precast Concrete Detailing configurations. Shortening affects the dimensions of the part and dimensions to objects inside the part.
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115
. Shortening does not affect the geometry of the actual objects inside the part. When drawings are created. Shortening is applied linearly along the length in drawings.
Cambering parts (p. 2. Cambering affects the position of cuts. Tekla Structures cambers parts in the local z direction.
See also
Fine-tuning part shape (p.
See also
Double-click a part to open the part properties dialog box.

Shortening and lengthening parts (p. Click Modify. For example. You can add the new combined part to another combined part.
See also
Shortening and lengthening parts (p.
See also
Double-click a part to open the part properties dialog box. enter a negative value. 116) Attaching a part to another part (p. In the Shortening field. define the degree of shortening. 116) Lengthening a part in drawings (p. the part properties of the part that is selected first are used for the combined part. 2. 4. To lengthen a part in drawings: 1. 3. Go to the Deforming tab. When you select the parts you want to combine.
See also
Combining two parts into one (p. 3. Double-click a part to open the part properties dialog box. This can be useful when you want to model complex parts (such as folded plates) that are otherwise difficult to model. Go to the Deforming tab. or when you want to model prefabricated parts that are delivered to the workshop already attached to profiles. -20 would result in a part that is cast 20 units longer than the part in the model. you must enter a negative value for shortening in the part properties dialog box. 117)
Combining two parts into one
To combine two parts into one:
116
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. 104) Shortening a part in drawings (p.6 Combining parts
You can combine existing parts in Tekla Structures. 2. 116)
Shortening a part in drawings
To shorten a part in drawings: 1. Click Modify.The shortening functionality is available only in the Full and Precast Concrete Detailing configurations.
See also
Fine-tuning part shape (p. Cuts and fittings can also be applied to combined parts. 115)
4. In the Shortening field.
4. 115)
Lengthening a part in drawings
To have a concrete part lengthened in cast unit drawings.

Select the second part.1. curved beams without offsets.
See also
Combining parts (p. the centerlines are combined by taking the largest distance between the start and end points from both parts. 2.
Combining parts (p.
Combining does not work for contour plates or polybeams. Click Edit > Combine. You can use splitting with straight parts. Tekla Structures does not recreate connections in the part that was selected first. 3. If the centerlines of the part are not in line with each other. Tekla Structures retains the attached objects and connections.7 Splitting parts
You can split a part into two parts in Tekla Structures. 116)
Attaching a part to another part
To attach a part to another part: 1. Select the part to attach to.
When you combine parts. 116)
4.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
117
.
See also
Click Detailing > Attach Part. Select the first part. or normal and tapered reinforcing bar groups. You can also split plates and slabs by using a polygon. 3. You cannot split polybeams. 2. Select the part you want to attach.

check the result after splitting. 2. Pick a point for the dividing line. 3.See also
Splitting a straight or curved part (p.
Splitting parts (p. Click the middle mouse button to close the polygon and to split the part. and on the same side of the part. When you pick the corner points of the polygon to be used for splitting. Select the part you want to split. welds or surface treatments. 117)
118
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Detailing Structures
. 118)
Splitting a straight or curved part
To split a straight or curved part: 1. 118) Splitting a plate or slab (p. 4. 2.
See also
Splitting parts (p. Pick positions to outline the polygon to be used for splitting.
See also
Click Edit > Split. Click Edit > Split. Select the part you want to split. 117)
Splitting a plate or slab
To split a plate or slab by using a polygon: 1. 3.
If you split contour plates that have bolts. make sure the starting and end points are:
• •
outside of the part.

126) Showing and hiding objects (p. 119) Inquiring the model (p. 119) Rotating the model (p. 142)
5. 122) Flying through the model (p. 135) Checking the model (p. 124)
Zooming the model
The commands on the View > Zoom menu allow you to focus in on a particular area.5
Examining the Model
This section describes a variety of tools you can use to view your model and ensure it does not contain errors
Contents
• • • • •
Viewing the model (p. or a combination of both. 121) Moving the model (p. 123) Creating a clip plane (p. or pull out for a wider view.1 Viewing the model
To see your Tekla Structures model from virtually any angle.
See also
Zooming the model (p.
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119
. Scroll forward to zoom in. and backward to zoom out. You can use a mouse. you can move and rotate the model. 128) Visualizing project status (p. keyboard shortcuts. To zoom in or out in a model:
•
Scroll with the mouse wheel. 124) Creating a screenshot (p.

press Page Up. 120) Zooming with Magnifier (p. 119)
Zooming with Magnifier
The Magnifier tool is useful when you need to keep a general view of the model open. If this option is off.
See also
Viewing the model (p. the mouse pointer position determines the center point of zooming. see the corresponding menu tooltip. Use the advanced option XS_ZOOM_STEP_RATIO_IN_MOUSEWHEE L_MODE.
Define the zoom ratio when scrolling and holding down the wheel
See also
Zooming the model (p. For more information on each command. a Double-click the view to open the View Properties dialog box. and examine particular areas in detail at the same time. 2. Place the mouse pointer over the model. To zoom by using Magnifier: 1. c Click Modify. 2. select Wire frame.If you do not have a wheel mouse.
120
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
. use the commands on the View > Zoom menu to zoom in or out in the model. b In the View type list box. do any of the following:
To Keep the center point of the view in the middle of the view window Define the zoom ratio when using a 3-button mouse Define the zoom ratio when scrolling
Do this Click Tools > Options > Centered Zooms. 120) Zooming with keyboard shortcuts (p. Open a wire frame view of the model. 119)
Zooming with keyboard shortcuts
To zoom by using keyboard shortcuts: 1. Use the advanced option XS_ZOOM_STEP_RATIO.
Zooming the model (p. Magnifier works only in wire frame views. 120)
Modifying the zoom settings
To modify zoom settings. d Click View > Zoom > Create Zoom Window. Do one of the following: • To zoom in. Create a zoom window.
•
See also
To zoom out. press Page Down. 119) Modifying the zoom settings (p. Use the advanced option XS_ZOOM_STEP_RATIO_IN_SCROLL_MO DE.

the zoom window displays the area around the pointer in detail. Click the Magnifier icon. use any of the following methods:
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121
.
Click a starting corner for the zoom window.
See also
Zooming the model (p.
As you move the pointer in the general view. In wire frame views. To rotate the model. zoom in and out in the zoom window. To change the level of magnification. menu commands. keyboard shortcuts.e 3. 119)
Rotating the model
You can use the mouse. only menu commands and keyboard shortcuts can be used to rotate the model. and then drag the pointer to size the window. or a combination of these techniques to rotate the model in rendered views. 4.

Click Modify.
Define a specific rotation angle
1.To Rotate using the middle mouse button
Do this 1. Type a rotation angle in the Rotation around Z or Rotation around X field. use any of the following methods:
122
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
. Tekla Structures rotates the model around this view point. 2. 213) Viewing the model (p.
Press Ctrl + R. 3. and then pick a position in the view. Click View > Rotate and select one of the commands. 2.
Click Tools > Options > Automatic Rotation Center to switch on automatic rotation centering. The rotation center is automatically set at the location you clicked. For more information on each command. 2. Click and drag with the left mouse button to rotate the model. 2. you can temporarily activate it by holding down Ctrl + Shift while you click and drag with the middle mouse button. Hold down the Ctrl key and click and drag with the middle mouse button to rotate the model.
3. Tip: When Automatic Rotation Center is switched off. Tekla Structures rotates the model around this view point. 119)
Moving the model
To move the entire model.
Rotate using the left mouse button
1. To relocate the center of rotation. Pick a position in the view. The center of rotation is fixed in the center of the work area. see the corresponding menu tooltip. Hold down the Ctrl key and click and drag with the middle mouse button to rotate the model. Rotate using menu commands or keyboard shortcuts
•
Automatically set the rotation center
1. press v.
Double-click the view to open the View Properties dialog box.
See also
Rotation settings (p.

> Model View.. To stop panning. 4. To fly through a model: 1.
3. drag the mouse in the desired direction. you can travel through a model. down.
2. Use the up. Set view projection to Perspective. The flying speed grows exponentially when you are approaching the model from a distance. left and right arrows on the keyboard.
2. c Click OK. 3. a Double-click the view to open the View Properties dialog box. scroll with the mouse wheel. Move the model using the Pan command 1.
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123
. b In the Projection list box.To Move the model using the middle mouse button
Do this 1.
2. The mouse pointer changes to a hand. which can be useful when flying in a tight space. press Esc. 119)
Flying through the model
Using the Fly command. a Click Tools > Options > Advanced Options. Click View > Fly. c Click Modify. Hold down the middle mouse button and drag the model anywhere within the view window. Click View > Move and then select one of the commands. hold down Ctrl and drag the mouse forward or backward. • To change the flying direction. The arrow indicates the current flying direction. Hold down the left mouse button and drag the mouse anywhere within the view window. To change the camera angle.
• •
To move up or down. b Modify the advanced option XS_RENDERED_FIELD_OF_VIEW. To activate the middle button pan.
Drag the mouse to move around in the model. Optional: Adjust the field of view setting. click Tools > Options > Middle Button Pan. Select a view. A checkmark appears next to the menu option if the middle button pan is already active. changing direction and varying the speed as you go. The mouse pointer changes into an arrow and a cross. You can also adjust the field of view setting. Move the model using keyboard shortcuts or menu commands
Do one of the following:
• •
See also
Viewing the model (p. or Shift+M.
5. Press P or click View > Move > Pan to activate dynamic panning. select Perspective..

You can use screenshots in posters.
124
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
.
XS_RENDERED_FIELD_OF_VIEW Viewing the model (p. press Esc. 4. hold down Shift and scroll forward or backward.
To stop flying. To finish creating clip planes. Select a plane.
6. 2.
Repeat step 2 to create as many clip planes as needed... or other material to show projects carried out using Tekla Structures.•
6. To create a clip plane: 1. view. press Esc. click the clip plane symbol and press Delete.
See also
To delete a clip plane. You can create up to six clip planes in any rendered model view. To move a clip plane. The clip plane symbol appears in the model:
3. 2. To create a high resolution screenshot of a rendered view: 1. 119)
Creating a screenshot
A screenshot is a picture of a dialog box. brochures. Ensure that the view type is set to Rendered. click the clip plane symbol and drag it to a new location. or the entire Tekla Structures window.
Viewing the model (p. 119)
Creating a clip plane
Clip planes enable you to focus in on the required detail in the model. Click View > Create Clip Plane. Click Tools > Screenshot > Custom.
See also
To fly in the in the direction of the camera angle. 5.

as a custom component thumbnail.
See also
To define which view to create the screenshot from. 124)
Saving a screenshot in bitmap format
By default. 2. the screenshot commands might not always work properly. select Main Frame. You can also save a screenshot in bitmap (.
Creating a screenshot (p. To print a screenshot: 1. 3. Under Capture. Set the desired properties and click OK. 7. Paste the screenshot in your graphics editor and save it in . screenshots are created as Portable Network Graphics (. Click Options. The Screenshot Options dialog box appears. 4. To capture the active view without borders. 124)
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
125
. Use any of the following workarounds to solve this problem: • • •
See also
Use the command Tools > Screenshot > Custom. Click Capture.. Adjust the visual effects for best performance in the Performance Options dialog box in Windows Vista.3. Click Capture.png) files.bmp format. click Pick view and select a view. The software that you use to open the screenshot may have a limit for the number of pixels. select View without Borders.. 214)
Creating a screenshot in Windows Vista
Due to a performance problem in Windows Vista. 4. Click Tools > Screenshot > Print Screenshot to activate automatic printing.
• • •
See also
To capture the last dialog box displayed. Use the built-in Snipping Tool in Windows Vista to capture screenshots. 5. 124)
Printing a screenshot
You can have Tekla Structures automatically print out a screenshot using the default printer. Click Tools > Screenshot and select one of the commands: • To capture the entire Tekla Structures window.
Creating a screenshot (p. Click Tools > Screenshot > Custom.
Creating a screenshot in Windows Vista (p. select Rendered view.. for example.bmp) format to use it.. 2. Select Place on clipboard.. select Dialog. To capture the active view.
See also
Creating a screenshot (p. select View. To save a screenshot in bitmap format: 1. 6.. 125) Screenshot settings (p.

2. Tekla Structures displays the part properties in the tool window. 126)
Inquiring object properties
Use the Inquire object command to display the properties of a particular object.rpt
You can modify these templates according to your needs.rpt TS_Report_Inquire_Cast_Unit.. 126)
Object property report templates
When you view object properties using the Inquire object command. The Custom Inquiry dialog box appears. By default. Click Tools > Inquire > Object. 126) Using the Custom Inquiry tool (p. or a group of objects. within the model. see the Template Editor user documentation. weight. 126) Object property report templates (p. 126) Modifying the contents of Custom Inquiry tool (p.rpt TS_Report_Inquire_Reference. 126)
Using the Custom Inquiry tool
Use the Custom Inquiry tool to display information of the selected model object in a separate window that you can drag and drop to any position on the screen.
See also
Inquiring the model (p. Select an object. 2. For more information on how to use templates. the tool shows the total area. Select a part. To inquire object properties: 1.. Tekla Structures uses the following report templates:
Part type Parts Assemblies Cast units Welds Reference models
Template TS_Report_Inquire_Part.
See also
Inquiring object properties (p. 127)
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
. To display object properties using the Custom Inquiry tool: 1..rpt TS_Report_Inquire_Welding.2 Inquiring the model
Use the commands on the Tools > Inquire menu to display information about model objects and model size. Tekla Structures displays the object properties in a separate window. and length of the selected model object.5.
See also
Inquiring object properties (p. Click Tools > Inquire > Custom Inquiry.
See also
Inquiring the model (p.rpt TS_Report_Inquire_Assembly.

click an item in the Attributes list and then click the right arrow button. click an item in the Contents of Custom Inquiry list and then click the left arrow button. Change the position number of the new attribute. The Custom Inquiry dialog box appears. click the down arrow and select a different formula (SUM. The Manage Contents dialog box appears. *.. or MIN) from the list box.. click Add…. MAX. 2. click Edit. • To create new calculated attributes. Click Manage contents..
2. 127)
Modifying the contents of Custom Inquiry tool
You can define what information is displayed in the Custom Inquiry dialog box. Copy the entire contents of [ATTR_CONTENT_??] to the end of the file.\Tekla Structures\<version>\environments\common\macros\modeling\I nquiryToolAttributes folder. To modify the default attributes.
3. edit the InquiryTool.
•
4. 3.. use the Up and Down buttons. • To modify the calculated attributes. By default.
Define which attributes are shown in the tool window.. The Contents of Custom Inquiry list contains the attributes that are displayed in the tool window.\Tekla Structures\<version>\nt\TplEd\settings folder. Open the InquiryTool. The Attributes list contains all of the available attributes. 126) Adding attributes to Custom Inquiry tool (p. You can use standard mathematical symbols (+. The file is located in the .config file to control which attributes are shown as default attributes in the Manage Contents dialog box in the Custom Inquiry tool. To modify the contents of the tool window: 1.config file in the .lst file located in the . Optional: Define which attributes are shown in the Attributes list.. -. • To add more attributes to the tool window. Click Tools > Inquire > Custom Inquiry.config file in any standard text editor. To add new attributes to the InquiryTool. the file contains 65 attributes.
•
See also
To change the formula of an attribute.Adding attributes to Custom Inquiry tool (p.. The attributes refer to the contentattributes_global.
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.. • To remove attributes from the tool window. For example. • To change the order of the attributes.
Using the Custom Inquiry tool (p.config file: 1. 127)
Adding attributes to Custom Inquiry tool
This section is for advanced users.\Tekla Structures\<version>\environments\common\macros\modelin g\InquiryToolAttributes folder. and /) to form equations..
Use the InquiryTool. change [ATTR_CONTENT_??] to [ATTR_CONTENT_66]. AVERAGE...

131) Showing and hiding components (p.
5. you can define separately how Tekla Structures displays parts and component objects. 126)
5. For example. UNIT. Save the file. 131) Showing parts with exact lines (p. 2. only the objects inside the view depth are displayed. Newly created objects are also visible outside the view depth but never outside the work area. 216)
Representation options
In rendered views.lst file. 132) Object representation settings (p. Click Display..3 Showing and hiding objects
The visibility of objects in a view depends on the following settings:
• • • • •
work area view depth view settings view filter object representation settings
Work area and view depth are like two virtual boxes. 128) Representation options (p. change TOTAL_ATTR_CONTENT=65 to TOTAL_ATTR_CONTENT=66.
See also
Defining which objects are displayed (p. 128) Hiding selected parts (p. 132) Object groups (p. 133)
Defining which objects are displayed
To define which objects are visible and how they are displayed in a view: 1.. DISPLAY_NAME. Change the TOTAL_ATTR_CONTENT value to reflect the total number of attributes in the file. When you redraw a view.
6. Use the attribute names and definitions that are included in the contentattributes_global. 3.4.
See also
Double-click the view to open the View Properties dialog box.
Modify the NAME. 130) Hiding unselected parts (p. The following options are available:
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
. DATATYPE. to open the Display dialog box. and DECIMAL values of the new attribute.
Showing and hiding objects (p. Select or clear check boxes to specify which objects are visible in the view. 131) Showing and hiding assemblies (p. 128) Display settings (p. Objects that have their reference line partially or totally inside both boxes are visible.
See also
Using the Custom Inquiry tool (p.

underlying parts are not visible.
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. i. i.
Example
In this example. and their surfaces are shaded.
Shaded Wireframe
Part outlines are displayed. component objects are displayed as Rendered.Option
Wireframe
Description Part outlines are displayed.e.e. component objects are displayed as Rendered.
In this example. Parts are transparent. parts are transparent.
Hidden Lines
Parts are not transparent. surfaces are not.

131)
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
.
• •
See also
To make the parts visible again.
Use the shortcuts Ctrl+1. The parts are shown as sticks... when you want to temporarily hide parts in order to see the parts behind them.. 128)
Hiding selected parts
You can quickly hide selected parts in a view. for example. To hide selected parts: 1. Click View > Hide Part. when viewing clash check results in a large model. This can be useful.5 and Shift+1. i. This option is useful. for example. hold down the Shift key when selecting the command and the parts..Option
Rendered
Description Part surfaces are displayed.
Showing and hiding objects (p. 128) Hiding unselected parts (p. 2.
3. do one of the following: Click View > Redraw All. Select the parts you want to hide. parts are not transparent.
See also
Showing and hiding objects (p.5 to set the desired representation for parts in the model and components.
Example
Show Only Selected
Selected parts are displayed.e. Right-click the parts and select Show with Exact Lines. Other parts are almost completely transparent. To completely hide the parts.

Click View > Representation > Short Part with Exact Lines. 130)
Showing parts with exact lines
Use the Show Part with Exact Lines command to temporarily display a part with exact lines even if you are using the Fast representation option for parts. To clear the exact lines effect. bolts. To completely hide the unselected parts. Select the parts that you want to keep visible. and other details belonging to the assembly. 2. hold down the Shift key when selecting the command.
Make a hidden assembly visible again
Do one of the following:
• •
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
131
.
Showing and hiding objects (p. cuts. 3. 2. To display a part with exact lines: 1. Click the view in which you want to display exact lines. hold down the Ctrl key when selecting the command. 2. The unselected parts become almost transparent. Tekla Structures displays all parts. Click View > Redraw All. To show the unselected parts as sticks. even if you had defined them as hidden in the view properties.
See also
Select the part. To make the parts visible again. fittings.
•
See also
Right-click the parts and select Show with Exact Lines. 4.
Hide an assembly
1. 3. welds. Right-click and select Assembly > Hide from the pop-up menu. 128) Hiding selected parts (p.
Showing and hiding objects (p. Right-click and select Show Only Selected. click View > Redraw All. 128)
Showing and hiding assemblies
Do any of the following:
To Display the contents of an assembly
Do this
•
Right-click the assembly and select Assembly > Show Assembly from the pop-up menu.Hiding unselected parts
To hide all unselected parts in a view: 1. Right-click and select Redraw View.
Select the assembly you want to hide. do one of the following: • Click View > Redraw All.

39)
Showing and hiding components
Do any of the following:
To Display the contents of a component
Do this
•
Click View > Representation > Show Component Content and select a component. c In the Value list box. to open the Object Group . and Condition list boxes. 128) Creating an object group (p. Right-click and select Redraw View. even if you had defined them as hidden in the view properties. 133) Deleting an object group (p. 39)
Object groups
Object groups are sets of rules that can be used to group objects based on selected properties and conditions. b Select options from the Category.
4.
See also
Showing and hiding objects (p. Property. 128) Refreshing views (p. Right-click and select Hide from the pop-up menu. and other details belonging to the component. Modify the object group settings. 3. Use object groups to control the transparency and coloring of model objects.
Select the component you want to hide...
Do one of the following:
• •
See also
Showing and hiding objects (p. 128) Refreshing views (p.. The check boxes define which rules are enabled and effective. Click Object group. to open the Object Representation dialog box. Object groups are also used in project status visualizations. a Click Add row.
Hide a component Make a hidden component visible again
1. d Add more rows. 2. welds. 2. Select the check boxes next to all object group rules that you want to enable. Click View > Representation > Object Representation. 132) Copying an object group to another model (p.See also
Showing and hiding objects (p..Representation dialog box. 135)
Creating an object group
To create an object group: 1. and use the And/Or options or parentheses to create more complex rules. Tekla Structures displays all bolts. Click View > Redraw All.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
. 133) Visualizing project status (p. type a value or select one from the model.

• To make an object group available in all models.PObjGrp. Object groups have the file name extension *.
See also
Object groups (p. 6. copy the file to the attributes folder of the destination model.
Object groups (p. 238)
Copying an object group to another model
To copy an object group to another model: 1. and to create customized presentations of defined objects.
Object groups (p. Click Save as to save the object group. Select where you want to copy the object group.
2.
See also
Delete the object group file located in the model’s attributes folder. 132) Selecting values from the model (p. the following images show the same model with different object representation settings:
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
133
. Select the object group you want to copy. Restart Tekla Structures. 2. For example.
3.
See also
Type a unique name in the field next to the Save as button. 132)
Deleting an object group
To delete an object group: 1.PObjGrp.5. and they have the file name extension *. 132)
Object representation settings
Use object representation settings to modify the color and transparency of objects in the model view. Restart Tekla Structures. copy the file to the system folder. • To make an object group available in another model. The object groups you have created are located in the model’s attributes folder.

9. 4. Select a predefined object group from the Object group list box. To create object representation settings: 1.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
. 134) Copying object representation settings to another model (p. If an object belongs to several object groups. while all other parts are 90% transparent
See also
Showing and hiding objects (p. Type a unique name in the field next to the Save as button Click Save as to save the set of object representation settings.Standard object representation Only parts whose profile name starts with IPE* or HEA* are visible Objects whose user-defined attribute Planned erection date is set to 01/05/2009 are displayed in blue.. 2. the coloring and visibility of the objects defined on the top row is applied to that object. 7. 6. Click Add row. Repeat steps 3–5 for each row you add.. Use the Transparency list box to define the transparency of the objects in the object group. Use the Color list box to define the color of the objects in the object group. 135) Deleting object representation settings (p. 3. 5. Use the Move up and Move down buttons to change the order of the rows. 135)
Creating object representation settings
Create object representation settings to define the color and transparency of objects in a model. 128) Creating object representation settings (p. Click View > Representation > Object Representation.
8.

and they have the file name extension *. Restart Tekla Structures. 136) Copying visualization settings to another model (p. Object representation settings have the file name extension *. Tekla Structures adds that row to the bottom of the list when you click Modify.
See also
Creating a visualization (p. • To make the settings available in another model.
See also
Delete the object representation file located in the model’s attributes folder. 133)
Deleting object representation settings
To delete object representation settings: 1. 133) Color settings (p.
See also
Object representation settings (p.
Object representation settings (p. Select the object representation settings you want to copy. 133)
5. Apply. 136) Example: Visualizing the erection schedule of a project (p.
3. For example.
See also
Object representation settings (p. 136)
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. or OK. use this tool to:
• •
display the erection schedule for groups of parts using different colors identify the parts that are scheduled to be fabricated during a specific time period. 213) Transparency settings (p. 214)
Copying object representation settings to another model
To copy object representation settings to another model: 1. copy them to the attributes folder of the destination model. you need to have predefined object representation settings that include object groups based on date rules.4 Visualizing project status
Use the Project Status Visualization tool to review the status of modeling objects in a specific time frame.rep. The settings you have created are located in the model’s attributes folder. copy them to the system folder.
2. 2.rep.
To create project status visualizations. 136) Deleting visualization settings (p.If your object representation setting does not contain the group All. Select where you want to copy the settings. • To make the settings available in all models. Restart Tekla Structures.

Project status visualization settings have the file name extension *.
2. Include a copy of the object representation settings file (*.
See also
Visualizing project status (p.rep) and object group files (*. and they have the file name extension *. copy them to the attributes folder of the destination model. 135)
Example: Visualizing the erection schedule of a project
This section explains how to visualize erection schedules using the project status visualization tool available in Tekla Structures. To view the visualization in the model.4d. Select where you want to copy the settings. Click Tools > Project Status Visualization. 135)
Deleting visualization settings
To delete project status visualization settings: 1. click the step buttons. 4. b Define a start and end date for the time scale slider. The settings you have created are located in the model’s attributes folder. a In the Object representation list box. to open the Project Status Visualization dialog box. Restart Tekla Structures.
Visualizing project status (p. • To make the settings available in another model.PObjGrp) in the attributes and system folders to ensure that all the files will work correctly.
3. 6.
See also
Delete the visualization file located in the model’s attributes folder.. Select the visualization settings you want to copy. 2. 135) Example: Visualizing the erection schedule of a project (p.Creating a visualization
To create a project status visualization: 1.4d. Click Save as to save the visualization settings.. 5. Restart Tekla Structures. c Define the length of the time step.
3. • To make the settings available in all models. 136)
Copying visualization settings to another model
To copy project status visualization settings to another model: 1. 2. Type a unique name in the field next to the Save as button. copy them to the system folder.
136
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
.
See also
Visualizing project status (p.
4. Select the Refresh view automatically check box. Modify the visualization settings. select one of the predefined object representation settings.

To create the object group: 1. Select all the parts for which you want to use the same erection date..
See also
Click Modify. you will create an object group to define which objects are shown in the model. To define an erection schedule: 1. 135) Example: Defining an erection schedule (p.
See also
Visualizing project status (p. To make it easier to select parts.In the following example. 2. 8. e Select Review date and click OK.. to open the Object Representation dialog box. select Earlier than or equal. Select the Erection Scheduled check box. you will visualize the erection schedule using the project status visualization tool. 135)
Example: Creating object groups
In this example.
Visualizing project status (p. 137) Creating object representation settings (p.. On the Status tab. select Select date.
4. c In the Condition list box. to open the Object Group .. and object representation settings to define how the objects are shown in the model. 3. 134) Example: Creating visualization settings (p. Double-click a part to open the part properties dialog box.. you will define an erection schedule for parts using the user-defined attribute Erection Scheduled. Click User-defined attributes. 6. Repeat steps 1–7 for each group of parts in your model.
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. create a separate selection filter for each group of parts. you will create object groups to define which objects are shown in the model. The Select Date dialog box appears.
Ensure that all the check boxes are cleared. a In the Category list box. 138) Example: Visualizing the erection schedule (p. 5. select Object. 3. you will first define an erection schedule for parts using a specific user-defined attribute. Create an object group that includes all objects whose user-defined attribute Erection Scheduled is earlier than or equal to the review date. Click Object group..
7. 139)
Example: Defining an erection schedule
In this example. select INSTALL_PLAN. d In the Value list box. 2. 137) Example: Creating object groups (p.Representation dialog box. modify the value of the user-defined attribute Erection Scheduled. b In the Property list box. Click View > Representation > Object representation. After that... Finally.

To create visualization settings: 1. Define a start and end date for the time scale slider. you will create object representation settings to define how the objects are shown in the model. to open the Project Status Visualization dialog box. enter a name for the object representation settings.. 135)
Example: Creating object representation settings
In this example. to open the Object Representation dialog box. enter a name for the visualization. 132) Visualizing project status (p. d In the Transparency list box. a Click Add row. select Hidden. 3. Click Tools > Project Status Visualization. Click Save as. 5. 135)
Example: Creating visualization settings
In this example. 5.
4. 7. select the object representation setting you created in Example: Creating object representation settings (p. 6. In the box next to the Save as button. In the Object representation list box. Click Save as to save the visualization settings.
See also
Object representation settings (p. 138). Click View > Representation > Object Representation. b In the Object group list box. plan_same_or_before_review_date.4..
See also
Object groups (p. select Color by class. select the object group you just created. Define the color and transparency settings for the object group that you created in Example: Creating object groups (p.
In the box next to the Save as button. 4.
3. a Click Add row. Define the color and transparency settings for the object group All. select the object group All. d In the Transparency list box.. c In the Color list box. To create object representation settings: 1. Select the Refresh view automatically check box. Click Save as. 2. Define the length of the time step. 133) Visualizing project status (p. enter a name for the group.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
. 5. scheduled_erection_date. select Visible. b In the Object group list box. For example. 137). 2. In the box next to the Save as button. you will create project status visualization settings. select Color by class. c In the Color list box. For example..

2. to open the Project Status Visualization dialog box. In the list box next to the Load button. The images below show how the objects are shown when you change the review date:
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
139
. 3. 138).
To visualize the erection schedule: 1. To view the visualization in the model. 135)
Example: Visualizing the erection schedule
In this example..See also
Visualizing project status (p. Click Tools > Project Status Visualization. select the visualization setting you created in Example: Creating visualization settings (p. 4.. you will visualize the erection schedule using the Project Status
Visualization tool. click the step buttons. Click Load.

Pick a point to indicate on which side of the dimension line you want the number to appear. see the corresponding menu tooltip.
See also
Click or Tools > Measure > Angle. 2. Tekla Structures also gives you the edge distances between the bolts and a selected part. 143) Measuring angles (p. Click or Tools > Measure > Bolt Spacing. 143)
Measuring distances
To measure horizontal. vertical and user-defined distances: 1. Click Tools > Measure and select a command that measures distances. 143)
Measuring bolt spacing
You can measure distances between bolts in a bolt group. For more information on each command. The measurements appear in the rendered view window until you update or redraw the window. 2. 3.
See also
Measuring distances (p. 3.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
143
. All measurements are temporary.
Measuring objects (p. 5. 143)
Measuring angles
To measure angles: 1. To measure bolt spacing: 1. Select a part.
Measuring objects (p. 4. Select a bolt group. Pick the center point.
See also
Press Ctrl+P to switch to the plane view. 143) Measuring bolt spacing (p. Pick the starting point.Measuring objects
Use the Measure tool to measure angles. Pick the starting point. 2. Pick the end point. 3. 4. the distance between two points and between bolts. Pick the end point.

149)
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
. 148) Reverting to the old clash checking functionality (p. you must export it in IFC format to be able to use it in clash checking. 143)
Detecting clashes
Use the Clash Check tool to find parts. bolts.
If you are checking a reference model for clashes.See also
Measuring objects (p. 145) Clash Check Manager (p. Clashes of objects that only touch one another are not included in the clash check results. ensure that all the parts of the reference model are selected. 145) Defining a clash check clearance area for bolts (p. The following reference model file types are supported in clash checking:
• • •
IFC DWG DGN
If you want to use another Tekla Structures model as a reference model.
See also
Finding clashes in a model (p. or reference model objects that collide.

147)
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
145
. 241)
Clash Check Manager
If you are using the Full or Construction Management configuration. Tekla Structures selects the corresponding objects in the model. or stop checking. If colliding objects are found. you can choose whether to continue checking. 2. 146) Changing the status of clashes (p. 147) Changing the priority of clashes (p. Click Tools > Clash Check.
See also
Finding clashes using Clash Check Manager (p. 3. Select the objects you want to check. You can continue working during the clash check.
See also
Useful shortcuts in viewing logs and reports (p. 146) Symbols used in clash checking (p. you can also use Clash Check Manager to detect and manage clashes in a model. 146) Managing the list of clashes (p. To locate the colliding objects.Finding clashes in a model
To find clashes in a model: 1. select a row in the clash check log. The clash check progress is displayed on the status bar. restart the operation and check the currently selected parts. Tekla Structures highlights them in yellow and displays the clash check log.
If you start clash checking while another clash check is still running.

resolved. Hold down Ctrl or Shift while selecting rows. To see which properties have an effect.
Clash Check Manager (p. Click to check the objects. 2. select the objects you want to include in the clash check. in front of the item indicates that
See also
Clash Check Manager (p.Opening and saving clash check sessions (p. Click any of the list items to show or hide them. or missing. if the profile has changed). The clash is highlighted in the model and the related model objects are selected.
See also
To highlight a clash in the model. 5. Only certain object properties affect this flag. 147)
Finding clashes using Clash Check Manager
To find clashes in a model: 1. The clash is not new. the state changes to modified when you re-run clash check. 1. You can continue working during the clash check. If the object has been modified (for example. 3. 2. 145)
Managing the list of clashes
To manage the list of clashes in Clash Check Manager:
To Change the sort order of clash results Select multiple rows in the list of clashes Show or hide a column
Do this Click the heading of the desired column to alternate between the ascending and descending sort order. In the model. the status bar message changes from Clash checking in progress to Ready. All clashes are marked as new when they are found for the first time. Click Tools > Clash Check Manager. modified. To zoom the active view so that the selected objects are shown in the center of the view. Right-click one of the colum headings to open a pop-up menu.
146
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
. double-click a row. When you re-run clash check. select a row in the list of clashes. new clashes are appended to the end of the list. 4. When the clash check is complete. A check mark it is visible. Both visible and hidden properties affect the flag. right-click one of the column headings. 145)
Symbols used in clash checking
Clash Check Manager uses the following flags to indicate the state of clashes:
Flag (none)
State Active New Modified
Description The default state.

select the clashes whose priority you want to change. . do any of the following:
To Open a session
Do this 1. the state changes to missing when you re-run clash check. 3. the state changes to resolved when you re-run clash check. 2. 3. If one or both of the clashing objects have been removed from the model. 3. Click OK. select the clashes whose status you want to change. Click . Select Status and then one of the status options: • Assign
• • • •
See also
Fix Approve Ignore Reopen
Clash Check Manager (p.
See also
Clash Check Manager (p.Flag
State Resolved Missing
Description If the objects no longer clash.
Create a new session
Click
Clash Check Manager clears the list of clashes without running clash check. Right-click one of the selected rows to open a pop-up menu. Right-click one of the selected rows to open a pop-up menu. 145)
Changing the priority of clashes
To change the priority of clashes: 1. In Clash Check Manager. In the Open dialog box. 2. 145)
Opening and saving clash check sessions
To open or save sessions in Clash Check Manager. 2. 145)
Changing the status of clashes
To change the status of clashes: 1. In Clash Check Manager. select a session.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
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. Select Priority and then one of the status options: • High
• •
See also
Medium Low
Clash Check Manager (p.

Click Tools > Options > Options.\TeklaStructuresModels\<model>\Clashes folder. 2. enter a new name.
Click the arrow button next to the A pop-up menu appears. If you clear the check boxes. To define a clearance area for bolts: 1. In the Options dialog box. the clearance will be zero. 3. Click In the Save As dialog box.
See also
Clash Check Manager (p. icon. browse to the folder where you want to save the session. Modify the bolt clearance values. Click Apply or OK.
By default.To Save the active session
Do this Click . 5. 2. Ensure that you have selected the check box in front of each field.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Examining the Model
.
Save as. 4..
d is the larger value of the bolt head or nut diameters Clash check clearance area 4. Tekla Structures creates the folder automatically when you open Clash Check Manager for the first time.. 145)
Defining a clash check clearance area for bolts
To check if bolts collide with profiles and if there is enough space to fix the bolt. Tekla Structures uses the default value 1. Click Save. 3. clash check sessions are stored as XML files in the . you can define a clash check clearance area for bolts..00. go to the Clash check page. If the fields are empty. 5. In the File name box.
Save the active session under a different name or in a different location
1.

If Tekla Structures cannot find the bolt head or nut diameter in the bolt catalog, it uses the shank diameter instead.

See also

Detecting clashes (p. 144)

Reverting to the old clash checking functionality
If you are working on a large model, running the clash check may sometimes be slow. In that case you can use the old clash checking functionality, which does not recognize clashes with reference models. For more information on the old clash checking functionality, see XS_USE_NEW_CLASH_CHECK and XS_CLASH_CHECK_BETWEEN_REFERENCES.
See also

Detecting clashes (p. 144)

Comparing parts or assemblies
To compare two parts or assemblies: 1. Select the objects you want to compare. • To compare parts, select two parts in the model.

•
2.

To compare assemblies, select a part in each assembly.

Click Tools > Compare, and then select either Parts or Assemblies. Tekla Structures displays the results on the status bar.

See also

Checking the model (p. 142)

Finding distant objects
When the work area is huge, the model may contain some distant objects that are not easy to find. Use the Find Distant Objects command to find these objects.

You cannot use this command to find parts (such as beams, columns or plates).

6.1 What is numbering
Tekla Structures assigns a mark to each part and assembly in a model. The mark includes part or assembly prefix and position number, and other elements (such as profile or material grade). This process is called numbering. Part numbers are vital in the fabrication, shipping, and erection stages of construction. Tekla Structures also uses numbers to identify parts, cast units, and assemblies when producing drawings and reports, and exporting models. You must have Tekla Structures number the model before you can create single-part, assembly, cast unit, and multi-drawings, or export files from a model. Tekla Structures uses part numbers in many tasks, for example to:

• • •

connect a drawing with the right part, cast unit, or assembly report the properties of identical parts, cast units, and assemblies identify part information when exporting parts to another software.

If the numbering of a part or assembly is not up to date, a question mark (?) is displayed in the part label and in the Inquire Object dialog box. For example:

See also

Numbering objects (p. 156)

TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model

151

What affects numbering (p. 152) Inquiring object properties (p. 126)

6.2 What affects numbering
Tekla Structures treats objects as different, and therefore numbers them differently, if the following properties differ:

To define which properties affect numbering in your model, modify the settings in the
Numbering Setup dialog box. For example, if two otherwise identical concrete parts have different names and you select the Part name check box, Tekla Structures gives the parts

different numbers. By default, a part retains its number, as long as only one part has that particular number, regardless of the settings in the Numbering Setup dialog box.

Always carry out full numbering on the model after you have changed the numbering settings. If the Renumber all option is selected in the Numbering Setup dialog box, Tekla Structures will always carry out full renumbering.
See also

Identical parts
Tekla Structures gives parts the same number if the parts are identical in the fabrication or casting. If a part is deformed after fabrication or casting (for example if the part is cambered, shortened, or warped), the final geometry on site and in the model may be different. Tekla Structures treats parts as identical and gives them the same number if the following basic part properties are the same:

• • • • •

Part geometry Numbering series Profile Material Finish

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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model

You can set the degree of tolerance for part geometry in the Numbering Setup dialog box. If the geometry of parts differs within this degree of tolerance, Tekla Structures treats the parts as identical for numbering purposes. Class and phase do not affect numbering. Tekla Structures gives the same number to identical parts that belong to different classes or phases.
See also

What affects numbering (p. 152) Parts (p. 51) Phases (p. 171)

Identical reinforcements
Tekla Structures treats reinforcing bars as identical, and gives them the same number, if the following properties are the same:

• • • • •

Bar geometry Numbering series Size Grade Bending radius

Tekla Structures uses the values of the rebar_config.inp file located in the ..\Tekla Structures\<version>\environments\<environment>\system\ folder to round bar dimensions up or down. For example, if you set the rounding accuracy for bar dimensions to 5 and the rounding direction to up, Tekla Structures rounds all bar dimensions up to the nearest 5 mm. In that case, two bars with dimensions of 131 mm and 133 mm would both round up to 135 mm. This gives them identical bar geometry. Class does not affect numbering. Tekla Structures gives the same number to identical reinforcing bars that belong to different classes.
See also

What affects numbering (p. 152) Reinforcement

User-defined attributes in numbering
Tekla Structures treats parts and reinforcing bars as different, and therefore numbers them differently, if the values of a user-defined attribute differ.
Parts

If a user-defined attribute has the variable special_flag set to yes, Tekla Structures takes this user-defined attribute into account when numbering parts. If a user-defined attribute has the variable consider_in_numbering set to yes, Tekla Structures takes this user-defined attribute into account when numbering reinforcements. What affects numbering (p. 152) User-defined attributes (p. 55)

Reinforcements

See also

6.3 Defining numbering series
You can use a numbering series to divide steel parts, cast units, and assemblies into groups. For example, you can allocate a separate numbering series to different phases or part types.

TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model

153

You may want to omit the part prefix for minor parts. 153) Overlapping numbering series (p. if the cast unit prefix is C and the start number is 1. Tekla Structures compares parts that belong to the same series with each other. 154) Assigning a numbering series to a part (p. . To save time. If you do this. You do not have to define a part prefix (for example. 156)
See also
Planning your numbering series
Before you start modeling. When you run numbering. 156)
Assigning a numbering series to a part
You can assign a numbering series to any part or assembly. For example. All identical parts in the same numbering series are given the same part number. To assign a numbering series to a part:
154
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
. P1002. This applies also to concrete components whose part position prefix is Concrete and start number is 1. you may want to omit the part prefix for minor parts).. P1003. such as plates. include the numbering series in the default part properties for each type of part before you start modeling. 155) Overlapping numbering series (p. it is good idea to plan the numbering prefixes and start numbers you will use for the entire project. ensure that you assign a Start number for that numbering series so that it will not overlap other parts.
Example
One way to plan the numbering series is to create a table:
Part Part Part type Beam Vertical brace Horizontal brace Rafter Purlin Column Plate
See also
Prefix PB PVB PHB PR PP PC
Start number 1 1 1 1 1 1 1001
Assembl y Prefix AB AVB AHB AR AP AC A
Assembly Start number 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Defining numbering series (p.
Example
For example. 154) Family numbers (p. Careful planning prevents numbering conflicts.The name of a numbering series consists of a prefix and a start number.. Tekla Structures numbers that series P1001. if you define a numbering series with the prefix P and start number 1001.
Concrete parts are numbered according to the cast unit numbering settings. Planning your numbering series (p. concrete parts will get the part prefix Concrete_C-1.

See also
Defining numbering series (p.
4. define a part prefix and a start number.. select the properties that need to be identical for the members of the same family. 163)
Assigning family numbers
To assign family numbers to numbering series: 1.
Defining numbering series (p. Tekla Structures displays all the assembly and cast unit numbering series in the model. Define comparison criteria for each numbering series separately. they get unique qualifier numbers. a Click Add series to open the Add series dialog box.
See also
Double-click a part to open the part properties dialog box. 4. to find similar cast units that can be cast in the same bed. 2. Click Modify. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Numbering Settings. If you are modifying the properties of a concrete part. However. 3. Under Numbering series. 2. go to the Cast unit tab. to open the Numbering Setup dialog box. Define which numbering series to assign family numbers to. When you use family numbering.
Under Compare. Go to the Family numbering tab. 153) Assigning family numbers (p. 153)
Family numbers
With family numbering you can group objects within the same numbering series into different “families”. 3. the cast unit position numbers consist of a family number and a qualifier..1. if they have the same family number but different part geometry or materials.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
155
. This can be used. b Select a numbering series from the list. The numbering series appears in the family numbering list. for example. and then click Add. 156) Example: Using family numbers (p. For example:
Family number Qualifier Assemblies and cast units that match the comparison criteria you define in the Numbering Setup dialog box get the same family number. 155) Changing the family number of an object (p.

clear the existing numbers. 2. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering and select one of the following commands:
2. 155) Clearing numbers (p.. the family number will be the same as the normal assembly position.
See also
Family numbers (p.
For more information on each command. 7.4 Numbering objects
To number objects in a model: 1. Update numbering in the model. Tekla Structures assigns a family number to all objects in the numbering series. type the desired values in the Family number and Family qualifier fields. c Click Apply or OK. 3. If you select all the check boxes. 153) Viewing the numbering history (p. Tekla Structures might allocate the same number to different parts.
Family numbers (p. In the Assign Family Number dialog box. a Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Numbering Settings. If you do not select any check boxes. 155)
Overlapping numbering series
When you plan numbering. to open the Numbering Setup dialog box. If a series overlaps another.
6.
See also
Select the objects whose family numbers you want to change. 161)
6. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Change Number > Family Number. Click Apply.
156
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
. Tekla Structures stores the settings in the numbering database file (<model_name>. View the numbering history log to check which numbers overlap. Tekla Structures warns you about series overlaps. If you are assigning family numbers to parts that have already been numbered. ensure that you reserve enough numbers for each series. Optional: Modify the numbering settings. 5. Click Assign. see the corresponding menu tooltip. 160)
Changing the family number of an object
To change the family number and/or family qualifier of an object: 1. but not all of them. only one family number per series is assigned.. b Modify the settings..db2) in the current model folder the next time you save the model.. 4.Select at least one check box.
See also
Defining numbering series (p. and the qualifier number will be 1 for all.

If you add new parts. 157)
Numbering reinforcements
Part numbering and cast unit numbering do not affect the numbering of reinforcements. 162)
Numbering assemblies and cast units
Part numbering does not affect cast unit and assembly numbering. if the advanced option XS_USE_ASSEMBLY_NUMBER_FOR is set. The prefix varies based on the part type. The user-defined attribute of an assembly or the main part If your sorting is based on user-defined attributes. for example. 157) Numbering reinforcements (p.
Assembly and cast unit numbering may affect part numbering. Tekla Structures displays a list box that includes all the available user-defined attributes. Tekla Structures numbers reinforcements in the same way as it does parts. Surface treatments affect the numbering of assemblies.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
157
. However. objects that have already been numbered are not renumbered to suit the sorting order by. 233) Numbering assemblies and cast units (p. 160) Example: Numbering identical beams (p. 157) Saving preliminary numbers (p. the x coordinate. if you select the Surface treatment check box in the Numbering Setup dialog box. y or z coordinates of the main part of the assembly The sorting is based on the center of gravity of the reference axis. However. 156) Assembly position numbers (p. 160) Creating a standard-part model (p. The default start number is 1.
See also
Numbering assemblies and cast units (p. The sort order can be based on the following criteria:
• •
The x.See also
Numbering settings (p.
See also
Numbering objects (p. In this case you should renumber the parts. Sorting by user-defined attributes or by location does not affect the part position. 157)
Assembly position numbers
Use the options in the Numbering Setup dialog box to sort the order in which assemblies are given their position numbers. 158) Control numbers (p. Tekla Structures numbers assemblies and cast units in the same way as it does parts. 159) Clearing numbers (p. 158) Changing numbers (p.

For example. 156)
Control numbers
Control numbers are properties that identify the location of parts in a model. their y coordinates are also compared. and Third direction is Z.
See also
Select the parts.
Numbering objects (p. the parts with the highest coordinate value are numbered first. To save part position numbers for preliminary marks: 1. The previous preliminary numbers are overriden. With negative directions (such as -X). When you assign control numbers.
See also
Numbering objects (p.
Example
In the following example. You can assign consecutive control numbers to all the parts or only selected parts. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Save Preliminary Numbers. according to the location of each part on the global coordinate system. the parts with the lowest coordinate value are numbered first. 2. Second direction is Y. The options are:
• • • • • • •
None X -X Z -Z Y -Y
With positive directions (such as X).
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
. 156)
Saving preliminary numbers
A preliminary mark is a user-defined attribute that defines the part position number. you can specify in what order to assign control numbers. You can save the current part position numbers as preliminary marks for selected parts. their z coordinates are also compared. If multiple parts have the same x and y coordinates. If multiple parts have the same x coordinate. select the Reinforcing bars check box in the Numbering Setup dialog box. the sort order is X Y Z. if First direction is -X.To force Tekla Structures to give otherwise identical concrete parts and cast units different numbers if they have different reinforcements. numbering starts from the parts that have the highest x coordinate value.

To change the position numbers:
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
159
. type 2 in the Start number of control numbers field and 3 in the Step value field. Define the control numbers to be used. select the parts. 7. • To consider all parts in the model. select the parts in the model. To lock or unlock control numbers: 1.
In the Numbering list box. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Lock/Unlock Control Numbers to open the Lock/Unlock control numbers (S10) dialog box. specify how to treat parts that already have control numbers.
6. 11. Click Apply. and then click Create. assembly.. number the model. do not select any parts.
To only consider specific parts. 159) Locking and unlocking control numbers (p. Define which parts’ control numbers to lock or unlock.
•
3. To assign control numbers to parts: 1. In the Renumber list box. 158)
Changing numbers
Use the Change Number command to change part. or specific parts. and then click Create. 8. to open the Create control numbers dialog box. specify which parts get control numbers. 8. 5. In the Status list box. 156) Assigning control numbers to parts (p. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Assign Control Numbers.See also
Numbering objects (p.. or family numbers after you run numbering. b In the Step value field. select Lock or Unlock in the Status. 158) Control number settings (p. define the interval. use the Lock/Unlock Control Numbers command. 4. to assign the control numbers 2. a In the Start number of control numbers field. • To lock or unlock the control numbers of specific parts. type the first control number to be used. 2. do not select any parts in the model. etc. If you are assigning control numbers to parts in a specific numbering series. For example. Indicate which parts to consider. 235)
Locking and unlocking control numbers
To prevent Tekla Structures from renumbering the control numbers of all parts.
3. type the prefix and start number in the corresponding fields. multi-position. Click Apply. Use the direction list boxes to specify in what order to assign control numbers.
See also
Control numbers (p. This command does not change the numbering series.. • To lock or unlock the control numbers of all parts. 2. 4.
See also
Control numbers (p. 159)
Assigning control numbers to parts
Before you start. All objects with the same number will be given the number you specified. 5.

Tekla Structures displays a warning and does not change the number. 3. The options you have vary depending on your selection in step 2. You can have Tekla Structures use these prefixes when numbering parts in another model. 2. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Clear Numbers and select one of the commands.1. Set the desired properties. 2. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Change Number and select one of the commands. To clear the position numbers: 1. Tekla Structures assigns new numbers to the objects. Click Assign.
For more information on each command.Tekla Structures also displays a warning if the position number is higher than the highest current number.
See also
Numbering objects (p.
Select an object.
160
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
. see the corresponding menu tooltip. Next time you run numbering. irrespective of what their previous numbers were.
For more information on each command. 156)
Clearing numbers
Use the Clear Numbers command to permanently delete the assigned position numbers of objects. 156)
Creating a standard-part model
A standard-part model contains only standard parts with specific part prefixes.
4. If the number you specified is already in use. Select the objects whose numbers you want to clear.
To create a standard-part model: 1. Create a new model and give it a descriptive name. see the corresponding menu tooltip.
This functionality only applies to steel parts. This is for information only and the number is still changed.
See also
Numbering objects (p.

. 2. 8. 12. For example:
XS_STD_PART_MODEL=C:\Tekla StructuresModels\StandardParts
6. Check that the advanced option XS_STD_PART_MODEL is set. STD2. Save the standard-part model. 11. 156)
6. 13.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
161
. StandardParts. 3. As Tekla Structures carries out the numbering..For example. 5. Explode all components. Click Check for standard parts and Apply..
10. Create the objects you want to have as standard parts. to open the Numbering Setup dialog box. 7.. Number the model..
See also
Numbering objects (p. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Numbering Settings. 156)
6. STD1.
Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Numbering Settings.. and so on).6 Repairing numbering errors
We recommend that you check and repair numbering in the model every now and then. > Numbering.5 Viewing the numbering history
To view the numbering history:
•
Click Tools > Display Log File > Numbering History.. 4. ensure that the project model has the same part names as the standard-part model. and that it points to the correct standard-part model. Open another model. Ensure that the standard-part model does not contain duplicate prefixes.
For information on how to interpret the log file. The numbering applies any part position numbers (only the part prefix) found in the standard-part model to all identical parts found in the project model. Click Tools > Options > Advanced Options. especially before producing drawings or reports.. to display the Numbering Setup dialog box. If you have selected the Part name check box. To check and repair numbering in a model: 1. it compares all of the parts in the model to the standard-part model.
See also
Numbering objects (p. Tekla Structures displays the numbering log file. Give the objects prefixes that are not used elsewhere (for example. 9. Delete all unnecessary items. see Numbering history log..

To number identical beams: 1. Click Tools > Diagnose & Repair Model and select one of the following commands:
• •
Diagnose & Repair Numbering: All Diagnose & Repair Numbering: Series of Selected Objects
For more information on each command. 3. You should now have two beams P1 and one P2. 162) Example: Using family numbers (p.7 Numbering examples
This section gives some examples of numbering the model. Number the model. All the beams have the part position number P1. Number the model. 2. 164) Example: Numbering settings during a project (p. 4. 6. use the Change Number command after repairing numbering in the model. Number the model.
Contents
Example: Numbering identical beams (p.2. 156) Changing numbers (p. Create three identical beams with the numbering series prefix P and start number 1. 165)
Example: Numbering identical beams
This example explains how different numbering settings result in different part numbers when you modify a part.
See also
Numbering objects (p.
Ensure that one of the following options is being used:
• •
3. select the objects whose numbering you want to repair. 163) Example: Numbering selected part types (p. see the corresponding menu tooltip. 4. 5. 159)
6. even if a newer part or assembly has a smaller position number. 164) Example: Numbering parts in selected phases (p.
Compare to old Keep number if possible
Click OK to save the changes. Modify one of the beams.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
. 5. Unless you want to repair the entire model. Change beam P2 to be identical to the others.
Tekla Structures assigns the position number of the oldest part or assembly to all identical parts.
To force a certain position number on a part or assembly.

Depending on the numbering settings in the Numbering Setup dialog box. 156)
Example: Using family numbers
In this example. 155)
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
163
. The parts have the same main profile. the following four beams have the numbering series prefix B and the start number 1.
Assembly position: B/1 Assembly position: B/2 Assembly position: B/3 Assembly position: B/4 We use the following family numbering settings:
• •
Numbering series: B/1 Compare: Main part profile and Overall length
With the given family numbering criteria. and each pair has the same length. Within both families the beams get different qualifiers because they have different holes. All beams have the same profile. but the holes are different. but each pair has a different length. Tekla Structures assigns one of the following part position numbers to the modified part:
• • •
See also
Compare to old: P1 Keep number if possible: P2 Take new number: P3
Numbering objects (p.
• • • •
See also
The first beam gets the assembly position number B/1-1 The second beam gets the assembly position number B/1-2 The third beam gets the assembly position number B/2-1 The fourth beam gets the assembly position number B/2-2
Family numbers (p. Tekla Structures divides the beams into two families.

For example:
164
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
. and then click Apply. divide the model into phases. 8. each phase having a different detailing and submittal schedule. Select one of the steel columns in the model.
Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Numbering Settings. After the anchor rod numbering is complete. 2. 10. 4. All parts with the AR prefix and start number at 1 are numbered. 6. This enables you to release drawings for a particular phase at any time. to open the Numbering Setup dialog box. and then click Apply. Create anchor rods with the numbering series prefix AR and start number 1.. All columns belonging to the same numbering series as the selected column are numbered. Ensure that this numbering series is different to any other parts or assemblies in the model. To number parts in selected phases: 1.
Select one of the anchor rods in the model. Apply a specific numbering series prefix and start number for parts in each phase. Ensure that the Column orientation check box is not selected. 9.
Example: Numbering parts in selected phases
This example shows how to number a model that consists of multiple phases. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Number Series of Selected Objects. 7. Select the Column orientation check box.Example: Numbering selected part types
This example shows how different numbering settings can be used for different part types. We will use one set of numbering settings for steel anchor rods.
3. click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Number Series of Selected Objects. To number anchor rods and columns: 1. Create steel columns.
5. and another one for steel columns. Before you start. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Number Series of Selected Objects..

All parts belonging to the same numbering series as the selected part are numbered. to avoid numbering overlaps with the beams in phase 2. Modify the numbering settings.
See also
Example: Numbering settings during a project (p. 5. and then click Apply. phase 1 should not contain more than 1000 position numbers. 7. Select the parts you want to number. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Numbering Settings.• •
The beams in phase 1 get the numbering series prefix B and start number 1000.
Phase 1: green Phase 2: magenta 2. to open the Numbering Setup dialog box. Click Drawings & Reports > Numbering > Number Series of Selected Objects. 165)
Example: Numbering settings during a project
You can use different numbering settings at different times in a project...
3. For example. You can also use selection filters to ignore specific phases that are already completed or phases that are not ready for numbering. Select one of the parts you want to number. For example:
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
165
. The beams in phase 2 get the numbering series prefix B and start number 2000. Use selection filters to easily select parts belonging to a certain phase or parts with a specific start number series. 4. 6. Ensure that the numbering series are not overlapping.

164) General numbering settings (p. you might use the Re-use old
numbers option for numbering the entire model. you might use the Take
new number option for new and modified parts.
If a phase has already been released for fabrication in a project.
Example: Numbering parts in selected phases (p. 233)
166
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Numbering the Model
.• • •
See also
Before releasing a phase of the project for fabrication. you might use the Compare to old option and try to combine as many position numbers as possible.
If you are numbering other phases of the project at earlier stages of detailing.

You can divide a large model into logical sections and floors to help create building schedules. You can categorize both native Tekla Structures objects and reference objects. 176) Sketched cross sections (p. 181)
7.
Model Organizer can be used in construction planning and management. and categorize object types.
Contents
• • • • • •
Organizing the model (p. 172) Lotting (p. and erection sequences. lots. based on purchasing contracts. 171) Sequences (p.7
Advanced Modeling
This section explains some advanced modeling techniques available in Tekla Structures. You can classify information according to your needs.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Advanced Modeling
167
. 167) Phases (p. for example. 174) Parametric modeling (p.1 Organizing the model
Use the Model Organizer to manage and view different logical areas and object types in your model.

a Right-click Logical Areas. b Click New Object Type.To create logical areas using Model Organizer: 1. In the model. 2.
3. right-click the object type category and select Add Selected to Category . a Right-click Object Types.. Note that sections and storys are both created under buildings. 5. select the objects you want to add to an object type category. select the area for the section or the story.
4. you can create sites for your project by right-clicking Logical Areas and selecting Show Site(s). b Click New Building. right-click the selected section or story.
Organizing the model (p. create a separate view or selection filter for each group of parts. You can hide the sites by selecting Hide Site(s). 167)
Creating object type categories
Object types may already have been defined for the model.. In Model Organizer. 4. You may create as many sections and storys as you need.. Click Tools > Model Organizer. and select Add Selected to Category. You can also create subtypes for object types. do any of the following:
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Advanced Modeling
169
. Select a section or story in Model Organizer. 2. To make it easier to view and select parts. Create a path structure.
See also
Organizing the model (p. Each model object can belong to only one section and one story.. You can create new object type categories for your own needs. c Click New Section..
See also
In Model Organizer. Create object type categories. In large projects. 167)
Modifying logical areas and object type categories
To modify logical areas or object type categories. Click Tools > Model Organizer. In the model.. To create object type categories using Model Organizer: 1.
3. d Click New Story.

2. right-click the category and select Redraw View. 2. Select the object type category in Model Organizer. The logical area or objects belonging to the selected object type category are highlighted in the model. Right-click a logical area or an object type category and select Show Only Selected.
Move categories Add objects
Move objects
Remove objects
1.
View the classification information of an object
Right-click the object in the model and select Model Classification > Show Related Classification or in Model Organizer select an object and click . 1.
Select the new area in the model. To show all objects again.
1. 2.
See also
Organizing the model (p. 1. 3.To Rename logical areas and object type categories Redefine a logical area
Do this Right-click the name in Model Organizer and select
Rename. Right-click the area name in Model Organizer and select Add Selected to Category. Drag the objects to another category. Select the object type category in Model Organizer. do any of the following:
To View a logical area or objects belonging to an object type category View more than one logical area or object type category at a time View only the objects belonging the selected category Hide the objects belonging to the selected category
Do this Select the logical area or the object type category. right-click the category and select Redraw View. 2. Right-click and select Remove from Category. Hold down the Ctrl key and select the objects you want to remove. Select the objects in the model. Drag the category to another location. 167)
Viewing logical areas and object type categories
To view logical areas and object type categories in the model. Right-click a logical area or an object type category and select Hide. To show all objects again.
See also
Organizing the model (p. Hold down the Ctrl key and select the logical areas and object type categories you want to view. 167)
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Advanced Modeling
. Right-click the category name in Model Organizer and select Add Selected to Category. 1. Hold down the Ctrl key and select the objects you want to move. Select the object type category in Model Organizer. 2. 3.

. b To see which objects belong to a certain phase. First create a basic model that includes. 171) Custom phase properties (p.
See also
To change the phase of one or more objects. Right-click and select Delete.. 3. 3. you can copy it back to the basic model as a separate phase (phase 2. hide objects. 171)
Dividing the model into phases
To divide a model into phases: 1. etc. and copy objects from other models. 2. Click Tools > Phase Manager. which will appear as extra columns in the Phase
Manager dialog box. 2. Click OK to confirm. select the objects. Tekla Structures assigns all objects you create to the current phase. The Phase Manager dialog box appears. Divide the model into phases. and then click Modify phase. select a phase from the list and then click Objects by phases. 3. 4. select an object and click Phases by objects. When a part of the model is completed. Click OK to save your changes. the columns.
See also
Dividing the model into phases (p. You can create reports and views. For example. Phases are often used to indicate erection sequences. This is phase 1..
See also
Click Tools > Model Organizer. a To identify the phase of an object. The @ character in front of the phase number indicates the current phase. From now on. according to their phase number. 167)
7.
4. select a phase from the list.. You then copy this basic model to all users. Each user then works on a separate part of the building. for example.
c
Phases (p. Select a category under Logical Areas or Object Types. Click Add to create new phases.
Organizing the model (p.
5.).. Tekla Structures highlights the corresponding objects in the model.. you might have a large project which several users work on simultaneously in single-user mode. 171)
Custom phase properties
You can add custom phase properties. Click Set current to make the selected phase the current phase. Tekla Structures selects the phase of the object.2 Phases
Use phases to break up a model into sections.Deleting logical areas and object type categories
To delete a logical area or an object type category using Model Organizer: 1.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Advanced Modeling
171
.

inp file in any standard text editor. a Open the objects. and so on. Tekla Structures gives the next available number to the part.Define the names of phase properties in the objects. you can define the order in which to erect parts by creating erection sequences.
Sequencer works by assigning a sequence number to a user-defined attribute of a part. If you select a part that has already been included in the sequence. The sequence name that you enter in the Sequencer Properties dialog box is the name of the userdefined attribute defined in the objects. 173) Modifying the sequence number of a part (p.
To finish adding parts to the sequence.3 Sequences
Use the Sequencer tool to name sequences and assign incremental numbers to parts.0")
2. add a new user-defined attribute. For example:
attribute("MY_INFO_1".
6. d Restart Tekla Structures. The value_type must be integer. 173) Deleting a sequence (p. "%d".inp file.
See also
Phases (p.inp file. and a part can belong to several sequences at the same time.
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. the second part number 2. 3. Use exactly the same name as in the objects. click Edit > Interrupt or press Esc. If you click Yes. 173) Checking the sequence of a part (p. "0. 4. Click Tools > Sequencer to display the Sequencer Properties dialog box. b In the Part attributes section. 173)
Creating a sequence
Use the Sequencer tool to assign sequence numbers to parts. Tekla Structures asks if you want to override the existing number. no. 5.
c Save the file. If you want to view and modify the sequence number afterwards. none.inp file. and the field_format must be %d. You can define several sequences for different purposes. The first part gets the sequence number 1. "0. you must first create a user-defined attribute to which you assign sequence numbers.0". For example. Creating a sequence (p. Select the parts you want to include in the sequence. use the syntax PHASE.ATTRIBUTE_NAME in the phase property field name. Limitations See also
Sequencer does not work for objects that are inside a reference model. Create a user-defined attribute to which you assign sequence numbers. For example. 171)
7. To use phase properties in reports and templates. integer. To create a new sequence: 1. "My Info 1". Type a name for the sequence. 172) Adding parts to a sequence (p. Click Apply. MY_INFO_1.

5. To finish adding parts to the sequence.
See also
Sequences (p. 3. 172)
Adding parts to a sequence
To add parts to an existing sequence: 1. 4. If the sequence changes. Click Tools > Inquire > Object. To check the sequence of a part: 1.
3.. Select the parts you want to add to the sequence. Click OK or Apply. you must redefine the whole sequence. 2.
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... Select a sequence name from the list. 2. Click Tools > Sequencer.. 2. Click Modify. Click Tools > Sequencer to display the Sequencer Properties dialog box. MY_INFO_1. Double-click a part to open the part properties dialog box. assign a sequence number to a user-defined attribute of a part. 172)
Deleting a sequence
To delete a sequence: 1. For example. 172)
Modifying the sequence number of a part
Before you start. Modify the sequence number.. 4. To modify the sequence number of a part: 1. unless the new part is at the end of the sequence.
See also
Sequences (p. The current sequence number is displayed next to the user-defined attribute to which you assigned the sequence number.See also
Sequences (p. For example:
See also
Sequences (p. The sequence name and number are displayed under More. Tekla Structures displays the properties of the part. 172)
Checking the sequence of a part
You can check the sequence name and number of a part by using the Inquire tool. You cannot add new parts to a sequence. Click User-defined attributes. Select a part. click Edit > Interrupt or press Esc.

Click Properties. When you define lots. 174) Adding parts to a lot (p. 5.
See also
Select a sequence name from the list. it is easier to determine area requirements and create an erection schedule.. you can load each part of the model onto a specific truck based on the erection sequence of the part. 172)
7.4 Lotting
With lots you can group assemblies for transporting to site. 172)
Creating a lot
To create a lot: 1. 4. Type a lot number in the Number field. you can calculate how many concrete truck deliveries are needed to pour the footings or slabs for a specific portion of the model.
Sequences (p. The basic lotting process is the same for steel and concrete parts. length. In that case. you must calculate the weight-carrying capacity of the concrete vehicle before defining the number of lots.. Click Tools > Lotting to display the Lotting dialog box. because a lot cannot exceed the maximum total load capacity. 6.. For most model parts. Tekla Structures creates an empty lot with the defined properties. You can calculate truck load sizes based on material weights and model quantities. if you are using cast-in-place concrete.2.
See also
Lotting (p. With this information.
To view the properties of a part. in a ten-cubic-yard truck). and material of the part. 175) Sequences (p. you must take into account the load-carrying capacity of the vehicle. to display the Lot Properties dialog box. For example. right-click the part and then select Inquire > Part or Properties. Click Add. For example. Click Delete and then click Yes.
See also
Creating a lot (p. 175) Removing parts from a lot (p. Type the maximum weight of the lot in the Max weight field. 3. Type a name in the field at the bottom of the dialog box. 175) Deleting a lot (p. 3. 174)
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. 2.. Lotting means that you evaluate specific model parts with respect to the number of units that can be carried by a transfer vehicle.
You can use lotting in conjunction with the Sequencer tool. However. the weight is based on the size. remember that the concrete is transported in a volumetric container (for example.

Tekla Structures displays a warning message if the weight limit of the lot is exceeded.
5.
See also
Lotting (p. 174)
Removing parts from a lot
To remove parts from a lot: 1.
See also
Click Tools > Lotting to display the Lotting dialog box. If you simply select parts. 2. 4. Select an existing lot from the list. you cannot select parts that already belong to another lot. Hold down Shift and select the parts that you want to add to the lot. Hold down Ctrl and select the parts you want to remove from the lot. 3.
Lotting (p. 174)
Deleting a lot
To delete a lot: 1... When you hold down Shift. To add parts to a lot: 1. Click Properties. 174)
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. When you re-open the dialog box. Click Tools > Lotting to display the Lotting dialog box. you must select each part of the model and assign them to a lot until the total load weight of the lot reaches the specified target. 4. 4. Tekla Structures deselects the parts. Click Delete. The weight and number of the added parts is displayed under Current values. Select an existing lot from the list.
See also
Click Tools > Lotting to display the Lotting dialog box. the Applied values include the weight and number of the parts you added. Tekla Structures highlights the parts included in the lot.
Lotting (p. Tekla Structures highlights the parts included in the lot.
Always use the Shift key when adding parts to an existing lot.
3. 5. you will overwrite the contents of the lot. Click Apply selected. Click Apply selected. The total weight of the lot and the number of assemblies it contains are displayed under Applied values. 2. Click OK to close the dialog box. 3. Click OK to close the dialog box. 2.Adding parts to a lot
After you have created the needed lots. Select an existing lot from the list.

7.5 Parametric modeling
Tekla Structures models are parametric. They can also include formulas. including its geometry. Create dependencies. location and relationship to other parts. Variables can define fixed properties. between model objects. the column follows.
•
See also
Defining variables Creating distance variables Creating reference distances Parametric profiles available in Tekla Structures (p. such as a beam or column. which means that each model object has parameters that define various properties. You can use these parameters to:
•
Create variables that define the properties of the model object. you might create a dependency that offsets a column a fixed distance from a plane on a wall. such as the name of a column. For example. so that when you move the wall. so that Tekla Structures calculates the property value each time you use the model object. or relationships. so the properties of one model object adjust if you change the related model object. 176)
Parametric profiles available in Tekla Structures
These are the parametric profiles available in Tekla Structures:
HIh-s-t*b (symmetric) HIh-s-t1*b1-t2*b2
PHIh1-h2-s-t*b (symmetric) PHIh1-h2-s-t1*b1-t2*b2
BLLh*b*t
BLZh*b*t
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.

7=Line and arc) and dimensions. 1. 181) Cross section extrusion types (p.
Opening the cross section sketch editor (p. Variables can define fixed properties. 1=Line . 105)
Variables
Use the Variables dialog box to define the properties of a sketched cross section.The Sketch Browser displays the following information about a cross section:
• • • • •
See also
Extrusion type (0. The Variables dialog box automatically opens when you open the cross section sketch editor. and circles Constraints Distances and dimensions and their values Chamfers and their type (0=None..
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. or they can include formulas.. 200) Corner chamfer types and dimensions (p. or 2) and thickness of the sketch. so that Tekla Structures calculates the property value each time you use the profile in a model. Lines. arcs.

185) Sketching a circle (p.
See also
Sketching a polyline (p.
Pick points to create each line segment. 181) Defining variables Display variables
Sketching the outline of a cross section
When you create a new cross section. Ensure that you create a closed shape.
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. Open the cross section sketch editor. start by sketching the outline and the holes of the cross section using lines. To sketch a polyline: 1. Click the Sketch polyline icon:
3. 184) Sketching an arc (p. Tekla Structures automatically creates coincident constraints between the line segments and displays a chamfer symbol where line segments meet. arcs. Click the middle mouse button to create the polyline.
The maximum number of points in a sketched cross section is 100. unless you are creating a cross section of a consistent thickness.See also
Opening the cross section sketch editor (p. 2. 185)
Sketching a polyline
You can create line segments in the cross section sketch editor by picking points. and circles. such as a cold rolled section. 4.

Click the Sketch arc icon:
3. 4. Open the cross section sketch editor. 2. To sketch a circle: 1. 184)
Sketching a circle
You can create a circle in the cross section sketch editor by picking two points.
Pick three points to define the arc. Open the cross section sketch editor.
Pick a point to indicate the center of the circle (1). 2. To sketch an arc: 1. 184)
Sketching an arc
You can create an arc in the cross section sketch editor by picking three points.
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. Click the Sketch circle icon:
3.
See also
Sketching the outline of a cross section (p. Pick a point to indicate the radius of the circle (2).See also
Sketching the outline of a cross section (p.

Although the shape is locked. use horizontal and vertical constraints in conjunction with other constraints. you can still rotate the profile in the model. use constraints to refine your sketch and lock the shape. To straighten the entire profile.
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. 3. 186) Adding a perpendicular constraint (p. close the shape. force lines to meet. 187) Adding a fixed constraint (p. and add chamfers in corners. 188) Adding a vertical constraint (p.
See also
Adding a parallel constraint (p. Select another line in the sketch (2).
Select a line in the sketch (1). 188) Adding a horizontal constraint (p. 189)
Adding a parallel constraint
You can force two lines in a sketched cross section to be parallel to each other. you can straighten lines. sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor. 187) Adding a coincident constraint (p. create 90 degree angles. Click the Parallel constraint icon:
2. 189) Deleting a constraint (p. To add a parallel constraint: 1.See also
Sketching the outline of a cross section (p. 184)
Refining the shape of a sketched cross section
After you have sketched the outline of a cross section. For example. Before you start.

Before you start.
Select a line in the sketch (1). sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor.
Between the start of the first line segment and the end of the last line segment in a shape.
See also
Refining the shape of a sketched cross section (p.
Before you start. 186)
Adding a coincident constraint
You can force two lines in a sketched cross section to start or end at the same point. 3. by extending or shortening one or both lines. Click the Perpendicular constraint icon:
2.
Tekla Structures automatically creates coincident constraints:
• • •
Where two lines meet. The lines do not have to intersect. To add a perpendicular constraint: 1. sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor. The lines do not have to intersect. Select another line in the sketch (2). if they are within a certain distance of each other. 186)
Adding a perpendicular constraint
You can force a line in a sketched cross section to be at a 90 degree angle to another line you select. To add a coincident constraint:
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.See also
Refining the shape of a sketched cross section (p. Between line segments when you draw them with the Sketch
polyline tool.

To add a fixed constraint: 1. Click the Fixed constraint icon:
2.
Pick the end of the first line (1).
Select the lines you want to straighten (1. 2. 2). 4. Tekla Structures automatically creates horizontal constraints when you create lines that are nearly horizontal. sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor.1. Before you start. 186)
Adding a fixed constraint
You can lock the position and angle of a line in a sketched cross section so that other constraints do not affect it.
See also
Select a line in the sketch.
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.
Ensure that the Snap to end points Click the Coincident constraint icon:
snap switch is active. To add a horizontal constraint: 1. (2)
See also
Refining the shape of a sketched cross section (p. 186)
Adding a horizontal constraint
Use horizontal constraints to force a line in a sketched cross section to be parallel to the local x axis. sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor. Click the Horizontal constraint icon:
2. Before you start.
3. Pick the end of the second line.
Refining the shape of a sketched cross section (p.

2.
Refining the shape of a sketched cross section (p.
See also
Click to open the Sketch Browser.See also
Refining the shape of a sketched cross section (p. Click the Vertical constraint icon:
2. 3. Select the constraint you want to delete. 4.
Select the lines you want to straighten (1. sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor. Before you start. Right-click and select Delete from the pop-up menu. 186)
Deleting a constraint
To delete a constraint from a sketched cross section: 1. 186)
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189
. Click Refresh. Tekla Structures automatically creates vertical constraints when you create lines that are nearly vertical. To add a vertical constraint: 1. 186)
Adding a vertical constraint
Use vertical constraints to force a line in a sketched cross section to be parallel to the local y axis. 2).
See also
Refining the shape of a sketched cross section (p.

To add a radial dimension: 1. Tekla Structures also adds the dimensions you create to the list of variables that you can use in calculations. or the dimensions will not be able to adjust when the values are changed. 192) Adding a vertical dimension to a sketch (p. You can use these dimensions to define the size of the profile cross section when you use it in a model. use dimensions to make different distances in the cross section parametric. if you create the dimension marked in red. 191) Adding a horizontal dimension to a sketch (p. 192) Deleting a dimension from a sketch (p.
Do not create too many dimensions in a sketch. sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor.
Select the arc or circle. 193)
Adding a radial dimension to a sketch
You can create a radial dimension for an arc or a circle in a sketched cross section. In the following example.
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. 190) Adding an angle dimension to a sketch (p. 191) Adding a dimension between two points in a sketch (p. Click the Sketch radial dimension icon:
2. the dimension b1 will no longer work:
See also
Adding a radial dimension to a sketch (p. Before you start.Adding dimensions to a sketched cross section
After you have sketched a cross section.

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191
.
Pick a point to indicate the starting point of the dimension (1). 3. 190)
Adding an angle dimension to a sketch
You can create an angle dimension between two lines in a sketched cross section. scroll with the mouse wheel to zoom in. 190)
Adding a dimension between two points in a sketch
You can add a dimension to a sketched cross section. Pick a point to indicate the end point of the dimension (2). The angle is calculated anti-clockwise from the first line you select.
If you are unable to see the angle symbol. To add an angle dimension: 1.See also
Adding dimensions to a sketched cross section (p. between two points you pick. sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor. Click the Sketch angle dimension icon:
2. To add a dimension between two points in a sketch: 1. sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor.
See also
Adding dimensions to a sketched cross section (p. Select the second line (2). Before you start. 3. Click the Sketch free dimension icon:
2.
Select the first line (1). Before you start.

4.

Pick a point to indicate the location of the dimension lines and text.

See also

Adding dimensions to a sketched cross section (p. 190)

Adding a horizontal dimension to a sketch
You can add a horizontal dimension to a sketched cross section, between two points you pick. Before you start, sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor. To add a horizontal dimension to a sketch: 1. Click the Sketch horizontal dimension icon:

2. 3. 4.

Pick a point to indicate the starting point of the dimension (1). Pick a point to indicate the end point of the dimension (2). Pick a point to indicate the location of the dimension lines and text.

See also

Adding dimensions to a sketched cross section (p. 190)

Adding a vertical dimension to a sketch
You can add a vertical dimension to a sketched cross section, between two points you pick. Before you start, sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor. To add a vertical dimension to a sketch: 1. Click the Sketch vertical dimension icon:

2. 3.

Pick a point to indicate the starting point of the dimension (1). Pick a point to indicate the end point of the dimension (2).

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4.

Pick a point to indicate the location of the dimension lines and text.

See also

Adding dimensions to a sketched cross section (p. 190)

Deleting a dimension from a sketch
To delete a dimension from a sketched cross section: 1. 2.
See also

Select the dimension you want to delete. Right-click and select Delete from the pop-up menu.

Adding dimensions to a sketched cross section (p. 190)

Defining positioning planes for a sketched cross section
When you sketch a cross section, you can define positioning planes for it. With positioning planes you can determine the planes Tekla Structures will use for positioning parts and components.
See also

Part positioning planes
With part positioning planes you can determine how Tekla Structures positions parts that have a sketched profile cross section. These planes are used for the On plane and At depth settings for parts, and also when placing custom components that are bound to boundary planes. The part positioning planes are displayed in blue:

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193

The On plane options Left and Right are set according to the vertical blue planes, and the Middle option is halfway between them. The same principle applies to the At depth setting: the Front and Behind options are set according to the horizontal blue planes, and the Middle option is halfway between them.

Example

You can define part positioning planes so that an asymmetric cross section will be positioned according to its web only. In the following example, the Middle option is illustrated in gray dotted lines:

Middle option See also

Defining positioning planes for a sketched cross section (p. 193)

Connection positioning planes
With connection positioning planes you can determine how Tekla Structures positions components in relation to the component main part that has a sketched profile cross section.

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The connection positioning planes are displayed in green:

Example

The following image shows the default connection positioning planes of a double tee slab that was created as a sketched cross section. The green line illustrates the default connection positioning planes.

To place connections according to the location of the stems of the double tee, move the connection positioning planes as shown below.

See also

Defining positioning planes for a sketched cross section (p. 193)

Showing and hiding positioning planes
Before you start, sketch the shape of the cross section in the cross section sketch editor. To show or hide the positioning planes, do one of the following:

To Show or hide the part positioning planes Show or hide the connection positioning planes
See also

Do this Click Click . .

Defining positioning planes for a sketched cross section (p. 193)

Moving positioning planes
To move positioning planes:

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195

1. 2. 3.

Display the positioning planes you want to move. Select the positioning planes. Select one of the positioning plane handles. The same handle controls both the vertical and horizontal plane, so you can move them both at the same time.

4. 5.
See also

Right-click and select a Move command from the pop-up menu. Move the planes like any other object in Tekla Structures.

Moving positioning plane handles
You can move the handles of each positioning plane. If you move the handles away from the outmost corners of the sketched cross section, you must bind them by adding a dimension to each handle. Otherwise the positioning will not function correctly in the model. To move the positioning plane handles: 1. Click the positioning plane to display the handles. The handles are displayed in pink. By default, the handles are at the outmost corners of the sketched cross section. For example:

2. 3.

4.
Example

Click a handle to select it. Move the handle like any other object in Tekla Structures. For example: a Right-click and select Move. b Pick the origin for moving. c Pick a destination point. If the handle is not at the outmost corner of the cross section, add a dimension between the handle and the corner.

In the following examples, the left handle of the positioning plane has been bound by using a horizontal dimension (b1):

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Click again to check that the planes have reverted back to the default. 2. Select the part positioning planes.
4. 2. Change the Value field. 3.See also
Defining positioning planes for a sketched cross section (p. Click to show the part positioning planes. Right-click and select Delete from the pop-up menu. Double-click a dimension line to open the Distance Properties dialog box.
See also
Defining positioning planes for a sketched cross section (p. Revert to the default connection positioning planes
1. Tekla Structures updates the cross section in the cross section sketch editor. 3. do one of the following:
To Revert to the default part positioning planes
Do this 1. 193)
Checking a sketched cross section
To check that the constraints and dimensions in a sketched cross section work correctly: 1. 2.
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. Select the connection positioning planes. 193)
Reverting to default positioning planes
You can revert back to the default positioning planes of a sketched cross section if you have moved the planes. Right-click and select Delete from the pop-up menu. Click again to check that the planes have reverted back to the default.
4. Click Modify. To revert to the default positioning planes. Click to show the connection positioning planes. 3.

and then click OK. or blank spaces in the cross section name. 2.
Note the following limitations when naming cross sections:
• • •
You cannot use the name of a standard profile. for example. special characters. Type a name in the Prefix field. Ordinary profiles are saved in the profdb. 190) Importing and exporting sketched cross sections (p. by modifying chamfers or dimensions.
Using sketched cross sections in a model (p. Save a copy of the cross section under a different name
1. Click Cancel to close the Distance Properties dialog box.
Sketched cross sections are saved in the xslib.
See also
Adding dimensions to a sketched cross section (p. The chamfers are moved automatically when you move the handles. 2. You can also move corners or holes by moving the handles. 5. Click Save sketch .bin file. and then click OK. 201)
Saving a sketched cross section
Tekla Structures saves the cross section in the current model folder. The sketched cross sections are available in the Others section in the profile catalog.
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. Click Save sketch as .
See also
Check that the shape of the profile does not change and that the dimensions adjust correctly. do one of the following:
To Save a new cross section
Do this 1.
Update an existing cross section 1.
To save a sketched cross section. which is a library file that contains custom components and sketches. Lower case letters are automatically converted into upper case letters.db1 file. Type a new name in the Prefix field. You cannot include numbers.4. Click Yes when prompted to update the existing cross section. Click Save sketch . 202)
Modifying a sketched cross section
You can modify existing cross section sketches. 2.

Click the Save sketch as icon to save the changes.• •
You cannot change dimensions that have been calculated using formulas in the Variables dialog box. In the Chamfer Properties dialog box. The thickness can be either fixed or parametric. 3. 2.
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. To modify a chamfer: 1. For example. Double-click a cross section to open it in the cross section sketch editor. Click the Save sketch as icon to save the changes.
See also
next to their name. 4. Close the object properties dialog box. you must define the extrusion type and thickness of the sketch in the Sketch Browser. you can create rounded cross section corners. 198) Corner chamfer types and dimensions (p. The sketch objects you can modify appear in yellow. Sketched cross sections have the symbol 3. Click Modify in the object properties dialog box.. 199) Setting the sketch thickness (p. change the shape and dimensions of the chamfer.
See also
Double-click a chamfer symbol in the cross section sketch editor.
Double-click an object to modify its properties. 5. 199)
Modifying chamfers in a sketch
You can change the shape and dimensions of chamfers in a sketched cross section.
Modifying a sketched cross section (p.
To modify a sketched cross section: 1. 4. Modify the object properties. 6. 2. 7. such as a cold rolled section. Click Modify. 105)
Setting the sketch thickness
If you have sketched an open shape.
Modifying chamfers in a sketch (p. Click Modeling > Profiles > Edit Cross Section in Sketch Editor. Constraints may also prevent you from changing dimensions. Click OK to close the dialog box. 5.. The Component Catalog dialog box opens.

right-click Thickness and select Add Equation from the pop-up menu. You must define the extrusion type for cross sections that consist of an open polyline.
See also
Modifying a sketched cross section (p. outwards.
•
To define a parametric thickness: a b c d In the Variables dialog box. or 2) after =.
3. Type the name of the parameter variable (for example. sketch an open polyline. the profile grows inwards. depending on the extrusion type.
4. In the cross section sketch editor. In the Formula column. When you change the thickness.To set the thickness of a sketch: 1. 2. P1). b Type the extrusion type number (0. right-click Thickness and select Add Equation from the pop-up menu. define the default value for the parameter variable. Do one of the following: • To set a fixed thickness: a b In the Sketch Browser.
To define the extrusion type: a In the Sketch Browser. The extrusion types are:
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. P1) after =. 1. Click the Save sketch as icon to save the changes. or symmetrically in both directions. Type the value of the thickness after =. In the Sketch Browser. right-click Extrusion Type and select Add Equation from the pop-up menu. add a new parameter variable for Length (for example. 200)
Cross section extrusion types
The extrusion type defines how a cross section of a consistent thickness is extruded. 198) Cross section extrusion types (p.

6. Tekla Structures displays the image when you browse for sketched profiles in the profile catalog.Type 0
Description The sketch is extruded symmetrically to the outside and inside of the polyline. 199)
Using sketched cross sections in a model
Once you have created a cross section and saved it in the profile catalog. If you have applied constraints correctly. define its dimensions in the Value column on the General tab. Open the Select Profile dialog box.
•
3. you are ready to use it in the model. Pick points to place the part in the model. 5. Select a profile with the sketched cross section. Double-click a toolbar button to open the part properties dialog box. Optional: If the cross section is parametric.
Open the Others branch at the end of the profile tree. click the Select.. To use a sketched cross section for a new part in a model: 1. the shape of the profile will be maintained when you change its dimensions. 4. • For steel parts.
See also
For concrete parts. 201)
Creating an image of a sketched cross section
To illustrate the shape and dimensions of your profile cross section. 2. click the
button next to the Shape field. (Default)
Image
1
The sketch is extruded to the outside of the polyline.
See also
Setting the sketch thickness (p. you can create an image of the cross section you have sketched. Click OK to apply the changes.
2
The sketch is extruded to the inside of the polyline. 7.. button next to the Profile field.
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201
.
Creating an image of a sketched cross section (p.

They have the following symbols and numbers in the Component Catalog:
See also
Importing sketched cross sections (p. mysketch.. 125)
Importing and exporting sketched cross sections
To use a sketched cross section in other Tekla Structures models.uel). you have to export the cross section to a file (*. Press F12 on your keyboard to take a screenshot of the sketch without the borders. 5. and then import the file into another Tekla Structures model. Use the Component Catalog to import and export sketched cross sections. Use the cross section name as the filename. Open the cross section sketch editor. Click the sketch to ensure it is the active view. for example.bmp. 201) Creating a screenshot (p. for example Microsoft Paint.
See also
Using sketched cross sections in a model (p. 2. Save the image in bmp format in the .. Microsoft Paint) and modify the image if necessary. You can also take a screenshot of your cross section in the cross section sketch editor and use that image.bmp) and can be created with any bitmap editor. To create an image of a sketched cross section using a screenshot: 1. 3.\Tekla Structures\<version>\nt\bitmaps folder.The image must be in Windows bitmap format (*.
4. 203) Exporting sketched cross sections (p. Tekla Structures saves the screenshot in the .\TeklaStructuresModels\<model>\snapshots folder. 203)
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. Open the screenshot in any graphics editor (for example. 124) Saving a screenshot in bitmap format (p.

6.Importing sketched cross sections
After you have exported sketched cross sections to a file. Click OK. hold down the Ctrl key when selecting. Select the cross sections you want to export. To use profiles from a model. Tekla Structures lists all the sketched cross sections available in the current model. Tekla Structures saves the export file in the current model folder. If you have created a profile using a sketched cross section and want to use the profile in another model. 5.
See also
Open the Tekla Structures model you want to export from. from the pop-up menu. Open the Tekla Structures model you want to import to. In the Import Components dialog box.. right-click and select Import.uel files from a folder when creating a new model..uel). you can import the cross sections to another Tekla Structures model. 202) Exporting the profile catalog Exporting elements from the profile catalog
Exporting sketched cross sections
To export sketched cross sections: 1. Optional: To view the sketched cross sections and profiles already available in the current model. select Sketched profiles from the list box. 2.. or copy the profdb. 5. Right-click and select Export. you can either export and then import the entire profile catalog or a part of it. use the advanced option XS_UEL_IMPORT_FOLDER.
Importing and exporting sketched cross sections (p. Optional: To save the export file to a specific location.
See also
Importing and exporting sketched cross sections (p.
To automatically import all *. 4. browse for the folder.bin file.. Click OK. enter a name for the export file in the Selection box. Press Ctrl+F to open the Component Catalog. 202)
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203
. 6. Select Sketched profiles from the list. In the component list. browse for the folder which contains the exported file (*. 3. from the pop-up menu. 7. 7. 2. 4. Press Ctrl+F to open the Component Catalog. you need to import both the cross section and profile. In the Export Components dialog box. Select the file to import. 3. To import sketched cross sections: 1. By default. To export several cross sections. 8.

After that. Open the cross section sketch editor. 206) Example: Modifying the chamfers of the cross section (p.Example: Creating a symmetric C-shaped cross section
This example shows how to create a cross section using variables. the cross section does not have to be symmetric or have the right dimensions. you will first sketch a C-shaped cross section and add dimensions to it. Use the Sketch polyline command to create a rough C-shaped cross section.
See also
Example: Sketching a C-shaped cross section (p. 208)
Example: Sketching a C-shaped cross section
To sketch the outline of a C-shaped cross section: 1. 204) Example: Adding dimensions to the cross section (p. you will use the cross section in a model. 207) Example: Using the cross section in a model (p. you can change the following dimensions:
• • • • •
Width (b1) Total height (h1) Height (h2) Thickness (P1) Chamfers (P2)
In the following example. When you use the profile in the model. You will create a symmetric C-shaped cross section with the dimensions b1 = b2 and h2 = h3. 205) Example: Setting the cross section thickness (p. At this stage. Finally. you will set the cross section thickness and modify the chamfers.
204
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. 2.

192) Saving a sketched cross section (p. 5. 192) Adding a vertical dimension to a sketch (p. 183)
Example: Setting the cross section thickness
To set the cross section thickness:
206
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.
See also
Ensure that Visibility is set to Show for the distances b1.
Use the Sketch vertical dimension h3.
Adding a horizontal dimension to a sketch (p. h1. Save the cross section. enter the following values for the distances:
4. h2.2. and h2.
command to create the distances h1. 198) Variables (p. and
3.
In the Variables dialog box.

Variables (p. select Add equation from the pop-up menu. In the Chamfer Properties dialog box. 200) Saving a sketched cross section (p. select Add equation from the pop-up menu. 182) Cross section extrusion types (p. 2. a Change the chamfer type to Line b Click Modify. b In the Formula box.
3. c Repeat steps a–b for all the cross section chamfers. select Show. and then enter =2 to get the sketch extruded to the inside of the polyline. do the following: a Click Add to add a parameter variable P2. do the following: a Click Add to add a parameter variable P1. c In the Visiblity box.1. select Show. Double-click one of the cross section chamfers. and then enter =P1.
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207
. 198)
Example: Modifying the chamfers of the cross section
To modify the chamfers of the cross section: 1. enter Thickness. d In the Label in dialog box box. In the Variables dialog box. b Right-click ExtrusionType.
2.00. c In the Visiblity box. set the cross section thickness using the parameter variable P1. enter 20.
In the Sketch Browser.
3.
In the Variables dialog box. enter Chamfer. b In the Formula box.00.
See also
Save the cross section. enter 10. d In the Label in dialog box box. a Right-click Thickness. 183) Sketch Browser (p. do the following: .

select Add equation from the pop-up menu.
•
3.
In the Sketch Browser.
5.
5. 182) Saving a sketched cross section (p.
For concrete parts. and then enter =P2. and select the CSHAPE profile. Open the Select Profile dialog box. 6.. 183) Sketch Browser (p. button next to the Profile field. d Repeat steps a–d for all the cross section chamfers.
Click OK to apply the changes.
Modifying chamfers in a sketch (p.
See also
Save the cross section. • For steel parts. 4. Double-click a toolbar button open the part properties dialog box. 198)
Example: Using the cross section in a model
To use the cross section in a model: 1.
Open the Others branch at the end of the profile tree. 199) Variables (p. c Enter the same value for Chamfer Y. click the
button next to the Shape field. do the following: a Double-click Chamfer constraint to open the chamfer properties. click the Select. 2.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Advanced Modeling
.. b Right-click Chamfer X.4. Optional: Modify the dimensions of the cross section profile on the General tab. Pick points to place the part in the model.

. You can filter objects by their phase numbers. Define how far the grid lines extend in the directions Left/ Below and Right/Above. Select to bind objects to the grid line.
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.Option
Coordinates
The coordinates of the grid in the global x. Visible in drawings Grid line automatic dimensioning See also
The name of the grid line. Select to use single grid lines in grid dimensioning. 32)
Point properties
Use the Point Information dialog box to view and modify the properties of a point. y. and z directions (x and y are relative. z is absolute). Define how far the grid lines extend in the directions Left/Below and Right/Above.grid lines horizontal to the work plane Z .. The coordinates of the grid origin in the global x.
Option
Label Depth in view plane Extension Left/Below Extension Right/Above Magnetic grid plane User-defined attributes.grid lines vertical to the work plane Y .
Option
Phase
The phase number. Click to access the user-defined properties of the grid..elevations in the structure
The names of the grid lines.
Grids (p. y. 29)
Grid line properties
Use the Grid Line Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a single grid line. Select to make the grid line visible in drawings.
Grid lines (p. See also
X . Select to bind objects to grid lines. The height of the grid plane perpendicular to the view plane.
• • •
Labels Line extensions Origin Magnetic grid plane User-defined attributes.. and z directions. Click to access the user-defined properties of the grid line.

The angle of the rotation axis when rotating around a line on the work plane. Indicates the correct location of the point.Option
Id
The ID number. Displays parts according to the utilization ratio in analysis. 133)
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. The difference in position between the original and copied object in the z direction. You can filter objects by their ID numbers.
Option
X0 Y0 Origin angle Number of copies dZ Rotation angle Around
The x and y coordinates of the starting point of the rotation axis. Defines whether the rotation axis is a line on the work plane or in the z direction.
See also
Rotating objects
Color settings
Use the Object Representation dialog box to define the color of object groups. All parts are colored according to their Class property. Defines the number of copies created. y. Parts belonging to different phases get different colors. Displays parts according to the member analysis type. its color is defined by the settings that the object group in question has on that row. Displays parts in different colors according to the values of a user-defined attribute. which is used in log files. Parts belonging to different lots get different colors. 42)
Rotation settings
Use the Copy .Rotate and Move . The rotation angle between the original and new position.
Colors
Color by class Color by lot Color by phase Color by analysis type Color by analysis utility check Color by attribute
Select color from the list.
Coordinates
See also
Points (p.Rotate dialog boxes to view and modify the settings that are used when you rotate objects in Tekla Structures. and z coordinates of a point.
See also
Object representation settings (p.
Option
As is
The current color is used. The local (work plane) and global x. If the object belongs to one of the object groups defined in the following rows.

Includes the view content and window borders in the screenshot. Includes only the view content in the screenshot... button displays the Screenshot Options dialog box. Sets the line width.
Option
View name View View without borders Rendered view Place on clipboard Print to file
Shows the selected view name.
The following screenshot options are only available in rendered views:
Option
Final width
The width of the screenshot.
Object is not shown in the views. There are limitations to pixel density. Object is transparent in rendered views. Uses the same unit as other dimensions in modeling. The Options. Places the screenshot on the clipboard. The height of the screenshot.
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. The pixel density (DPI) of the screenshot. 133)
Screenshot settings
Use the Screenshot dialog box to view and modify the screenshot settings. For high resolution screenshots from rendered views. Uses smooth lines to decrease jagged edges. the settings will be read from that object group.
Option
As is
The current visibility. If the object belongs to any object group whose visibility and color settings have been defined.
Final height
DPI
White background Smooth lines Line width
Uses white background. Saves the screenshot to a file.
Object representation settings (p. You can change the DPI using a graphics editor. Uses the same unit as other dimensions in modeling.Transparency settings
Use the Object Representation dialog box to define the transparency of object groups.
Visible 50% transparent 70% transparent 90% transparent Hidden See also
Object is shown in the views.

or fly through it... 33)
Grid view properties
Use the Creation of Views Along Grid Lines dialog box to view and modify the properties of grid views.
Perspective: Distant objects appear smaller than close ones. You can define the depth separately upwards and downwards from the view plane. Rotation is view-specific.
Orthogonal: All objects are of equal size (no perspective). 124)
8. the zoom remains on part surfaces.. as do text and points.. Opens the Object Group . Only objects positioned within the view depth are visible in the model.. You can zoom. In addition. The appearance of the model in the view.2 View settings
This section provides more information about specific view settings. The color and transparency setting that is used in all views (according to the status of the objects in the model).
See also
Views (p. View depth
How the view is rotated around the z and x axes. Opens the Object Representation dialog box for defining color and transparency settings. 215) Grid view properties (p. Visible object group Object group.
Option
Name Angle Projection
The name of the view. Whether the view angle is Plane or 3D. rotate the model. Which object group is displayed in the view. 215) Display settings (p.. 216)
View properties
Use the View Properties dialog box to view and modify the view properties.
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. The projection type of rendered views.View Filter dialog box for creating and modifying object groups. text and point size remains the same.
When you zoom. Rotation View type Color and transparency in all views Representation. Opens the Display dialog box for defining which objects are displayed in the view and how. The thickness of the displayed slice of model.
Display.See also
Creating a screenshot (p.
See also
View properties (p.

when viewing the entire model.
Exact shows bolts. because it increases display speed significantly and consumes less system memory. e. Defines which grid lines the views will be created of. Bolts
Defines how bolts are displayed.
None does not create any views.
View properties
Defines which view properties (applied or saved) will be used. Some of these settings may affect system performance. One (Last) only creates the view furthest from the grid origin.
Reference line shows parts as sticks. or large parts of it.
Exact displays the cuts.Option
View plane Number of views
The plane of the view defined by two axes similarly to the default view. This option increases display speed significantly. and nuts as solids. This
is the recommended representation mode for bolts.. If the View name prefix field is left empty. but hides the internal hidden lines of
parts. All creates all views in grid planes in the relevant direction.
View name prefix
The prefix to be used with the grid label in the view name.
Fast uses a rapid drawing technique that displays internal hidden
edges. no prefix is used.
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. but skips cuts. Each view plane has its own view properties. You can load the properties from the current view properties with the option <applied values> or from saved view properties. View names consist of a prefix and a grid label. The Show. PLAN +3000..g.
Fast displays the axis and a cross to represent the bolt head. washers. button displays the current view properties. Tekla Structures adds a dash and a running number to the view name if view names are otherwise identical.
See also
Creating grid views (p. 38)
Display settings
Use the Display dialog box to define which object types Tekla Structures displays and how they appear in the model. One (First) only creates the view closest to the grid origin. This name overrides the name in the view properties.
Option
Parts
Defines how parts are displayed.

223) Concrete column properties (p. Point size
Defines the size of points in views. This option increases performance significantly when viewing large models. When using this
option. 226)
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
217
. 128)
8. AutoStick
Defines whether the objects are shown as sticks or as objects. If there are slotted holes in any of the parts. 225) Concrete slab properties (p. a slotted hole is displayed on the first part. 224) Concrete beam properties (p. 222) Strip footing properties (p. Tekla Structures always displays fast holes on the first part (counting from the head of the bolt).
See also
Steel column properties (p.
In model increases the point size on the screen when you zoom
in. even if the hole in that part is not slotted. Exact long holes only displays slotted holes in exact mode and ordinary holes in fast mode.
Exact shows holes as solids. Holes that are outside a part are always displayed as fast holes in rendered views. By dragging the sliders you can adjust the zoom distance where objects should be shown as reference lines.
Fast only displays the circle in the first plane. This option is only available in wire frame views. 225) Concrete panel properties (p.3 Part properties
This section provides more information about the properties of specific steel and concrete parts. It still lets you zoom in on a small area and display it exactly.
In view does not increase the point size.Option
Holes
Defines how holes are displayed. 218) Contour plate properties (p. 221) Pad footing properties (p. The new slotted hole has the same size and rotation as the first slotted hole (counting from the head of the bolt). 220) Twin profile properties (p. 219) Orthogonal beam properties (p. You can also change the size of the part handle using this field.
See also
Defining which objects are displayed (p. 218) Steel beam properties (p.

hot galvanized. The design information of the column. For example.
Creating a steel column (p. Finish is user-definable.clm.
Profile Material Finish
The profile of the column. relative to its reference point.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
. you can display parts of different classes in different colors. or curved beam. fire retardant coating. It describes how the part surface has been treated. The assembly mark series of the column. The horizontal position of the column. with anti-corrosive paint. etc. The support conditions of the column ends. e. The analysis properties of the column. The position of the second end of the column in the global z direction.
Class
Used to group columns. Warping. cambering. The analysis properties of the slabs in composite constructions. steel polybeam. The material of the column.g. The position of the column. Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists. and to identify parts of the same type. The position of the first end of the column in the global z direction. The file name extension of a beam properties file is *.prt. and shortening of the column. 66)
Steel beam properties
Use the Beam Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a steel beam. The type of finish.
Option
Part prefix and start number Assembly prefix and start number Name
The part mark series of the column. The user-definable name of the column. How the column is rotated around its axis.Steel column properties
Use the Column Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a steel column. relative to its reference point. The file name extension of a column properties file is *.
User-defined attributes Vertical Rotation Horizontal Top Bottom Analysis tab Composite tab Start releases tab End releases tab Design tab Deforming tab See also
User-defined properties of the column.

and to identify parts of the same type. The user-definable name of a beam. etc.g. The file name extension of a contour plate properties file is *. The offsets of beam ends relative to a beam’s reference line. in terms of depth perpendicular to the work plane. 67)
Contour plate properties
Use the Contour Plate Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a contour plate. The finish type. with anti-corrosive paint.
Profile Material Finish
The profile of a beam. It describes how the part surface has been treated. fire retardant coating. The plane of curvature and radius of a curved beam. The analysis properties of the slabs in composite constructions. The assembly mark series of the beam. The design information of the beam.cpl. The loading properties of the beam.
Creating a steel beam (p. The support conditions of the beam ends. Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists. and shortening of the beam.
Class
Used to group beams.
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219
. The material of a beam.
User-defined attributes On plane Rotation At depth End offset Radius Number of segments Analysis tab Loading tab Composite tab Start releases tab End releases tab Design tab Deforming tab See also
User-defined properties of a beam. For example. The position of a beam on the work plane. cambering.Option
Part prefix and start number Assembly prefix and start number Name
The part mark series of a beam. The number of segments Tekla Structures uses when drawing a curved beam. Finish is user-definable. The position of a beam. e. The analysis properties of the beam. hot galvanized. you can display parts of different classes in different colors. Warping. How much a beam is rotated around its axis on the work plane.

For example. you can display parts of different classes in different colors. The loading properties of the plate.
User-defined attributes At depth Analysis tab Loading tab Spanning tab Design tab See also
User-defined properties of the contour plate. The material of the contour plate. e.
Material Finish
Class
Used to group contour plates. The analysis properties of the contour plate. It describes how the part surface has been treated.
220
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
. The file name extension of an orthogonal beam properties file is *.
Profile
The profile of the contour plate.
Creating a contour plate (p. The position of the contour plate. in terms of depth.crs. Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists. fire retardant coating.g. etc. and to identify parts of the same type.
Profile Material
The profile of the beam. for example PL20. hot galvanized. The format is PL+ thickness. The design information of the contour plate. The assembly mark series of the contour plate. Finish is user-definable. The user-definable name of the beam. Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists. and to identify parts of the same type. with anti-corrosive paint. perpendicular to the work plane. 68)
Orthogonal beam properties
Use the Orthogonal Beam Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of an orthogonal steel beam. The material of the beam. The assembly mark series of the beam. The spanning properties of the plate.Option
Part prefix and start number Assembly prefix and start number Name
The part mark series of the contour plate.
Option
Part prefix and start number Assembly prefix and start number Name
The part mark series of the beam. The finish type. The user-definable name of the contour plate.

g.
User-defined attributes Vertical Rotation Horizontal Top Bottom Analysis tab Composite tab Start releases tab End releases tab Design tab See also
User-defined properties of the beam. The user-definable name of the twin profile. The file name extension of a twin profile properties file is *.
Profile Material Finish
The profile of both the beams in the twin profile. For example. 69)
Twin profile properties
Use the Twin Profile Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a twin steel profile. and to identify parts of the same type. you can display parts of different classes in different colors.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
221
. fire retardant coating. etc. with anti-corrosive paint. The horizontal position of the beam. The assembly mark series of the twin profile. hot galvanized. The analysis properties of the slabs in composite constructions. The material of the beams. hot galvanized. The position of the first end of the beam in the z direction of the work plane.g. Finish is user-definable.
Class
Used to group beams. Finish is user-definable. The design information of the beam. e. relative to its reference point. It describes how the part surface has been treated. e. fire retardant coating. The position of the second end of the beam in the z direction of the work plane. with anti-corrosive paint. relative to its reference point. It describes how the part surface has been treated. The analysis properties of the beam.
Option
Part prefix and start number Assembly prefix and start number Name
The part mark series of the twin profile. etc.dia. The position of the beam.
Creating an orthogonal beam (p. The type of finish.Option
Finish
The finish type. How much the beam is rotated around its axis. Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists. The support conditions of the beam ends.

relative to its reference point. The beam position. The vertical position of the pad footing. The position of the twin profile on the work plane. How much the pad footing is rotated around its axis. Defines how the profiles are combined. 70)
Pad footing properties
Use the Pad Footing Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a pad footing. Finish is user-definable.
User-defined attributes On plane Rotation At depth End offset Twin profile type Horizontal Vertical Analysis tab Composite tab Start releases tab End releases tab Design tab See also
User-defined properties of the twin profile. Defines how the twin profile is rotated around its axis on the work plane. with anti-corrosive paint. you can display parts of different classes in different colors. For example.Option
Class
Used to group twin profiles. The material of the pad footing. perpendicular to the work plane. For example. and to identify parts of the same type. The type of finish. The file name extension of a pad footing properties file is *. The design information of the twin profile. you can display parts of different classes in different colors.
Option
Name
The user-definable name of the pad footing.g. hot galvanized. It describes how the part surface has been treated.cpf. relative to the beam’s reference line. in terms of depth. fire retardant coating. Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists.
User-defined attributes Vertical Rotation
User-defined properties of the pad footing. The horizontal clearance between the profiles. The analysis properties of the slabs in composite constructions. The offsets of the ends of the beam.
Creating a twin profile (p.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
. etc.
Class
Used to group pad footings. The vertical clearance between the profiles.
Profile Material Finish
The profile of the pad footing. The analysis properties of the twin profile. e. The support conditions of the twin profile ends.

relative to its reference point. Define the cast unit series of the pad footing. The analysis properties of the strip footing. Finish is user-definable.
Creating a pad footing (p. Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists. How much the strip footing is rotated around its axis on the work plane. The position of the top surface of the pad footing in the global z direction. Indicates whether the footing is precast or cast in place. The plane of curvature and radius of the curved strip footing. The material of the strip footing. 78)
Strip footing properties
Use the Strip Footing Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a strip footing. The number of segments required to draw a curved strip footing.Option
Horizontal Top Bottom Cast unit prefix and start number Cast unit type See also
The horizontal position of the pad footing.
Class
Used to group strip footings.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
223
. The offsets of the ends of the strip footing relative to its reference line. etc.csf. The position of the bottom surface of the pad footing in the global z direction. hot galvanized. It describes how the part surface has been treated. The type of finish. The position of the strip footing in terms of depth perpendicular to the work plane. you can display parts of different classes in different colors. The file name extension of a strip footing properties file is *. The position of the strip footing on the work plane. e. Define the cast unit series of the strip footing.
Shape Material Finish
The profile of the strip footing. fire retardant coating. with anti-corrosive paint. For example.
Option
Name
The user-definable name of the strip footing.g. and to identify parts of the same type.
User-defined attributes On plane Rotation At depth End offset Cast unit prefix and start number Cast unit type Radius Number of segments Analysis tab
User-defined properties of the strip footing. Indicates whether the footing is precast or cast in place.

e. The design information of the footing.
Creating a concrete column (p. you can display parts of different classes in different colors.
Class
Used to group columns. Warping.g. The file name extension of a concrete column properties file is *.
User-defined attributes Vertical Rotation Horizontal Top Bottom Cast unit prefix and start number Cast unit type Analysis tab Start releases tab End releases tab Design tab Deforming tab See also
User-defined properties of the column.Option
Start releases tab End releases tab Design tab See also
The support conditions of the footing ends. and to identify parts of the same type. It describes how the part surface has been treated. The position of the first end of the column in the global z direction. with anti-corrosive paint. How much the column is rotated around its axis. For example. Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists. The material of the column. etc. cambering and shortening of the column. hot galvanized. The position of the second end of the column in the global z direction.
Creating a strip footing (p. 78)
Concrete column properties
Use the Concrete Column Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a concrete column. The design information of the column. Define the cast unit series of the column. The horizontal position of the column relative to its reference point. The analysis properties of the column. Finish is user-definable. fire retardant coating. The vertical position of the column relative to its reference point. The support conditions of the column ends.
Profile Material Finish
The profile of the column. Indicates whether the column is precast or cast in place. 78)
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
.ccl. The type of finish.
Option
Name
The user-definable name of the column.

with anti-corrosive paint. Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists.
Option
Name
The user-definable name of the beam.Concrete beam properties
Use the Concrete Beam Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a concrete beam or polybeam.
User-defined attributes On plane Rotation At depth End offset Radius Number of segments Cast unit prefix and start number Cast unit type Analysis tab Start releases tab End releases tab Loading tab Design tab Deforming tab See also
User-defined properties of the beam. etc. The file name extension of a concrete slab properties file is *. It describes how the part surface has been treated. hot galvanized.g. Finish is user-definable. Indicates whether the beam is precast or cast in place.
Shape Material Finish
The profile of the beam. The number of segments required to draw a curved beam. cambering and shortening of the beam.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
225
. you can display parts of different classes in different colors. How much the beam is rotated around its axis on the work plane. The support conditions of the beam ends. The position of the beam in terms of depth perpendicular to the work plane. Warping. relative to its reference line. The loading properties of the beam. The type of finish. The beam position on the work plane. The file name extension of a concrete beam properties file is *. The design information of the beam. fire retardant coating. For example. 79)
Concrete slab properties
Use the Concrete Slab Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a concrete slab. The material of the beam. The plane of curvature and radius of the curved beam. The analysis properties of the beam.cbm.
Creating a concrete beam (p. Define the cast unit series of the beam. The offsets of the ends of the beam. and to identify parts of the same type. e.csl.
Class
Used to group beams.

perpendicular to the work plane. The spanning properties of the slab. Finish is user-definable.
Creating a concrete slab (p. in terms of depth. The design information of the slab. The material of the slab.cpn. The position of the slab.g. The analysis properties of the slab. and to identify parts of the same type.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
. Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists. It describes how the part surface has been treated. with anti-corrosive paint. For example. you can display parts of different classes in different colors. Define the cast unit series of the slab.
User-defined attributes
User-defined properties of the panel. Indicates whether the slab is precast or cast in place. e. The material of the panel. 80)
Concrete panel properties
Use the Concrete Panel Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a concrete panel. The file name extension of a concrete panel properties file is *. e.
Shape Material Finish
The profile of the panel (thickness × height of the wall). etc. fire retardant coating. Finish is user-definable. The type of finish. you can display parts of different classes in different colors.
Class
Used to group slabs.
User-defined attributes At depth Analysis tab Spanning tab Loading tab Design tab Cast unit prefix and start number Cast unit type See also
User-defined properties of the slab. For example. Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists. and to identify parts of the same type. with anti-corrosive paint.
Option
Name
The user-definable name of the panel. The loading properties of the slab. fire retardant coating.
Thickness Material Finish
The thickness of the slab. hot galvanized.Option
Name
The user-definable name of the slab. The type of finish. etc.
Class
Used to group panels. It describes how the part surface has been treated. hot galvanized.g.

232)
Bolt properties
Use the Bolt Properties dialog box to view or modify the properties of a bolt group. The offsets of the ends of the panel. How much the panel is rotated around its axis on the work plane. Indicates if the thread of the bolt can be inside the bolted parts. Indicates whether the panel is precast or cast in place. The design information of the panel. The loading properties of the panel. in terms of depth perpendicular to the work plane.4 Detail properties
This section provides more information about the properties of specific modeling details.
Creating a concrete panel (p. Indicates whether you are bolting a secondary part or a subassembly. 229) Weld types (p. 81)
8. The position of the panel.
See also
Bolt properties (p. Defines whether the bolts are assembled on-site or in the shop. Define the cast unit series of the panel. The number of segments required to draw a curved panel. The plane of curvature and radius of the curved panel. 232) Edge chamfer properties (p. The analysis properties of the panel. relative to its reference line. Bolt assembly standard/grade.
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227
. 231) Corner chamfer properties (p.
Option
Bolt size Bolt standard Bolt type Connect part/ assembly Thread in material
Bolt diameter.Option
On plane Rotation At depth End offset Analysis tab Spanning tab Loading tab Design tab Cast unit prefix and start number Cast unit type Radius Number of segments See also
The position of the panel on the work plane. The spanning properties of the panel. Tekla Structures does not use this value when calculating the length of full-threaded bolts. 227) Weld properties (p.

y allowance of a slotted hole.e. Increases the material thickness that Tekla Structures uses when calculating bolt length. Zero for a round hole. This allows the bolt to move in different directions.
Tekla Structures warns you if the cut length is too small (i.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
. group diameter. A is the cut length and B is the bolt origin. Zero for a round hole. or coordinate. number.
Extra length
Additional bolt length. Tolerance = Hole diameter . In the illustration below. the gap is added to the length of the bolt. If you want to force a bolt to be a certain length. you might need extra bolt length to allow for painting. Tekla Structures searches for parts using half the cut length value. in both directions from the bolt group plane. the bolt group contains no parts) and makes the bolt length 100 mm. you may want to rotate alternate holes by 90 degrees. Using cut length you can determine whether the bolt will go through one flange or two. -150). Tekla Structures calculates the search area as A/2 in both directions from point B. depending on the bolt group shape.
Shape Bolt dist X Bolt dist Y Tolerance Hole type Slotted hole X Slotted hole Y Rotate Slots
Bolt group shape.
x allowance of a slotted hole. If the bolt connects several parts. depending on the bolt group shape. For example. Tekla Structures calculates bolt length using the the total distance between the first and last surfaces.g. You can also build additional lengths into bolt assemblies. enter a negative value for cut length (e. Field activates after you select the Parts with
slotted holes check boxes. Bolt spacing. If there are large gaps between the connected parts. Bolt spacing. The value defines the area Tekla Structures should search for parts that belong to the bolt group.Bolt diameter Oversized or slotted. or co-ordinate.Option
Cut length
Indicates which parts the bolt connects.

or groove. you can use this field to indicate on which side of the connected parts you want the bolt head to be. bevels. Offsets that move the bolt group by moving the bolt group x axis. 85)
Weld properties
Use the Weld Properties dialog box to view or modify the properties of a weld.
Contour
The fill type contour of a weld can be:
• • • •
None Flush Convex Concave
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. Dz See also
Moves the bolt group perpendicular to the current work plane. If you enter a zero or negative weld size.
Rotation
Defines how far the bolt group is rotated around the x axis.
Type Angle
See Weld types (p. The size of the weld. not in drawings.
Some of the properties are only displayed in reports.
At depth Dx. Tekla Structures creates the weld.Option
On plane
Moves the bolt group perpendicular to the bolt group x axis. For example. The angle of weld preparation. Dy.
Option
Prefix Size
See Weld size prefixes (p. 231). 93). but does not display it drawings. Tekla Structures displays the angle between the weld type symbol and the fill type contour symbol. relative to the current work plane.
Bolts (p.

See Weld position (p. This setting affects assemblies and drawings. A circle in the weld symbol in drawings indicates the Around option has been used.
Root face
Root face thickness is the height of the narrowest part inside the root opening. for example. Tekla Structures shows the weld type symbols as staggered in weld symbols. Indicates whether only one edge or the entire perimeter of a face should be welded. for example. for example 50–100.Option
Finish
Tekla Structures displays the finish symbol above the weld type symbol in drawings. Tekla Structures calculates the distance between the welds as the pitch minus the length of the weld.
Workshop/Site
Indicates where the weld should be made.
Effective throat Root opening Reference text Edge/Around
The weld size used in weld strength calculation. defining the start and end points of the weld. You can set the exact length of a polygon weld by. The RFT fields in the connection dialog boxes also refer to the root face thickness. 92). The options are:
• • • • •
Length
G (Grind) M (Machine) C (Chip)
(Flush finished weld) (Smooth blended weld face)
The length of a regular weld depends on the length of the connection between the welded parts. For example. Intermittent welds are staggered on both sides of the part being welded. Additional information to appear in the weld symbol. See Using welds to create assemblies (p. Indicates whether the weld is an intermittent weld. Tekla Structures indicates site welds in the weld symbol using a flag.
NDT inspection level Connect part/ assembly Position
Defines the non-desctructive testing and inspection level.
Intermittent weld
Pitch
The center-to-center spacing of welds for non-continuous welds.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
. 72). set the advanced option XS_WELD_LENGTH_CC_SEPARATOR_CHAR to @. The space between the welded parts. Neither root face nor RFT values appear in drawings. To create a non-continuous weld. To change the separator to @. Tekla Structures uses the – character by default to separate weld length and pitch. but you can use the WELD_ROOT_FACE_THICKNESS field in reports to show the root face dimension in the weld list. define the center-to-center spacing and the pitch of the welds. information about the weld specification or process.

See also
Chamfering part corners (p. to give plates varying thicknesses. The dimensions of the chamfer. Only used for contour plates and concrete slabs. Use these fields. Moves the top or bottom surface of the part corner in the part’s local z direction.Weld type
Name Slot weld Partial penetration weld (single-bevel butt + fillet) Partial penetration weld (square groove + fillet) Melt-through weld Steep-flanked single-V butt weld Steep-flanked single-bevel butt weld Edge weld Surfacing weld Fold joint Inclined joint
Number 14 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Preparation No Secondary part No No No No No No No No
Corner chamfer properties
Use the Chamfer Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of a corner chamfer.
Option
Type x y dz1 dz2
The shape of the chamfer. for example. The dimension depends on the chamfer type. The name of the chamfer.
Field
Type Name
Description The shape of the chamfer. 105)
Edge chamfer properties
Use the Edge Chamfer Properties dialog box to view and modify the properties of an edge chamfer.
More information
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.

Tekla Structures reuses the numbers of parts that have been deleted. The shape and position of the second end point. and the shape is straight. 234) Control number settings (p. All information on previous numbers is lost. The shape and position of the first end point. Defines how far away from the chamfered edge the chamfer will end in the y direction.
See also
General numbering settings (p.
Option
Renumber all Re-use old numbers
All parts get a new number.
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. Bevelled: The end point is positioned at the point you pick.
See also
Chamfering part edges (p. 235)
General numbering settings
Use the Numbering Setup dialog box to view and modify some general numbering settings. 107)
8.5 Numbering settings
This section provides more information about specific numbering settings.
The distance between the (picked) end point and the bevelled points. and the shape is angled.
More information
The options are:
•
Full: The end point is
•
•
Dimension
positioned at the end of the part (moving along the nearest edge). These numbers may be used to number new or modified parts. and the shape is straight. Straight: The end point is positioned at the point you pick.Field
Cutting distance in X direction Cutting distance in Y direction First end type Second end type
Description Defines how far away from the chamfered edge the chamfer will end in the x direction. 233) Weld numbering settings (p.

The orientation of columns affects numbering.Option
Check for standard parts
If a separate standard-part model has been set up. and save sequence. so that all other users can continue working during the operation. numbering.
Compare to old Take new number Keep number if possible Synchronize with master model
The part gets the same number as a previously numbered similar part. Use this setting when working in multi-user mode. Parts can get the same number if they do not differ more than as set in this input field. The orientation of beams affects numbering. and number of holes affects numbering.
Numbering objects (p. See Assembly position numbers (p. Tekla Structures compares the parts in the current model to those in the standard-part model. The orientation of equal embedded objects affects numbering. The part name affects numbering. Surface treatments affect the numbering of assemblies. 160)
Weld numbering settings
Use the Weld Numbering dialog box to view and modify the weld numbering settings. The part gets a new number even if a similar numbered part already exists. Modified parts maintain their previous numbers if possible.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Settings
. size. 157). Tekla Structures locks the master model and performs a save. If the part to be numbered is identical to a part in the standardpart model. 156) Creating a standard-part model (p. The weld number is displayed in drawings and weld reports. If the modified part moves to an assembly position that does not have a drawing. The orientation of reinforcing bars affects numbering.
Automatic cloning
Holes Part name Beam orientation Column orientation Reinforcing bars Embedded objects Surface treatment Tolerance Assembly position sort order See also
The location. the original drawing is automatically cloned to reflect the changes in the modified part. Tekla Structures uses the same part number as in the standard-part model. If the main part of a drawing is modified and therefore gets a new assembly position. the existing drawing is automatically assigned to another part of the position.

Start number of control numbers Step value Renumber
The number from which the numbering starts. By numbering series creates control
numbers for parts in a specific numbering series. 158)
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235
.
Option
Numbering
Defines which parts get control numbers. Tekla Structures automatically suggests the following free number as the start number.
All welds changes the number of all welds in
Apply for
the model. Defines which objects are affected by the change. No keeps the existing control numbers. 156)
Control number settings
Use the Create control numbers (S9) dialog box to view and modify the control number settings. Renumber also welds that have a number Re-use numbers of deleted welds
Tekla Structures replaces existing weld numbers. If some welds have been removed.
Control numbers (p.
Assembly/Cast unit numbering series
Defines the prefix and start number of the numbering series for which to create control numbers. Defines how to treat parts that already have control numbers.
First direction Second direction Third direction See also
Defines in what order to assign control numbers.
All creates consecutive numbers for all parts. Needed only with the By numbering series option.Option
Start number
The number from which the numbering starts.
See also
Numbering objects (p.
Yes replaces the existing control numbers.
Selected welds changes the number of the selected welds without affecting others. Defines the interval between two control numbers. Tekla Structures uses their numbers when numbering other welds.

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.

Enter the part properties you want to use as defaults.
Contents
• •
General modeling tips (p. 239) Hiding cut lines in a view (p.
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237
. 238) Selecting values from the model (p. 241)
9. 239) Right-hand rule (p. 238) Modeling identical areas (p. and avoid potential problems with templates and drawings. 2. Double-click a part to open the part properties dialog box. 239) Finding RGB values for colors (p. 240) Cutting efficiently (p.1 General modeling tips
These tips will help you to use some basic modeling functionalities more efficiently. 237) Part positioning tips (p. 237) Copying and moving efficiently (p. 240) Useful shortcuts in viewing logs and reports (p. 238) Activating an overlapping view (p. To define default sets of part properties for a project: 1.9
Modeling Tips
This section provides useful hints and tips that help you to model structures more quickly and accurately.
See also
Defining default part properties (p. 241)
Defining default part properties
Save time by saving a default set of properties for each part you plan to create before you start modeling.

See also
Copying and moving objects
Modeling identical areas
Most structures contain identical areas. then copy the column to all the locations where it occurs in the model. c Enter the values you want to use. Click OK to close the part properties dialog box. Click Load to load the properties. enter a name for the set of properties. then copying it to several levels. For example. create an empty view or selection filter. right-click and select Interrupt from the pop-up menu. Save time by modeling these areas once. Before you start. This can useful when creating view filters. you may even be able to add connections before copying the area of the building.
See also
Copying and moving objects
Selecting values from the model
You can select object properties and dates directly from the model. Click Save as to save the set of properties. when creating grids and levels in a new model. 5. selection filters. Start the Move or Copy command. b Select an object. 7.
3. and object groups. then copying them throughout the model. Continue to save sets of properties for each type of part you intend to create. open the part properties dialog box and select an option from the list next to the Load button.
Copying and moving efficiently
You can keep the Move and Copy dialog boxes open if you are going to use them often. To stop copying or moving objects. To continue copying or moving objects: a Click the dialog box to activate it.
For a project that has several identical floors. The dialog box remains open on the screen. To make the sets of part properties you have defined the default sets for this project.
In the box next to the Save as button. create a column with a base plate and cap plate. click Tools > Defaults > Save Defaults. try modeling an entire floor. from simple frames to entire floors. To keep a dialog box open while modeling: 1. For example. 4. Depending on the project. To use a default set of part properties.
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Tips
. enter BEAM. 2. or an object group.3. You can use this technique to create and reproduce any identical area. and then click the Move or Copy button in the dialog box. 6. for example.

to open the Select date dialog box. Open the Background color in model editor document. Click Add row. 33)
Finding RGB values for colors
To find RGB values for colors: 1. Download and install the application.To select values from the model: 1. do one of the following: • Move the mouse pointer over the view. A check mark appears next to the menu option if Xmouse is already switched on..
•
See also
Use the Page Up. click Select from model. Click Tekla Structures > Self learning > Questions and answers.. 2. a b To select an object property. you can use the Xmouse option. The availability of options depends on your selection in the Property list box. When you hold the thumb. 136)
Activating an overlapping view
When you want to pick positions from two views that partly overlap. 2..
See also
Creating a view filter Creating a selection filter Creating an object group (p. index finger. and middle finger of your right hand so that they form three right angles. select one of the options.
Right-hand rule
Right-hand rule indicates the direction of the coordinate axes. You can select dates from the model only if the property is a date. and then select an object.. then the thumb symbolizes the x axis. select the review date. To activate a view. With Xmouse active. In the Value list box.
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239
. To activate a view using Xmouse: 1. Log in to the Tekla Extranet. 2. You can either select a date from the calendar. Click Tools > Options > Xmouse to switch on Xmouse. Select options from the Category and Property list boxes.
Views (p. 4. and the middle finger the z axis. To select a date. or define the number of days before or after the review date. 3. 132) Creating a visualization (p. the index finger the y axis. 3. The review date is the same as Review date in the Project Status Visualization dialog box. click Select date. simply moving the mouse pointer over a view activates the view. Page Down and arrow keys. and then select one of the options.

especially in components. Click Modify. Note that after creating the polygon.
Cuts (p. Clear the Cuts check box. Tips for flange cuts When cutting a flange. For example. use edge chamfers instead of small cuts. the cut is more likely to succeed. 109)
Cutting efficiently
Follow these guidelines when cutting objects in the model:
•
Avoid part faces Avoid creating cuts that are exactly on the part planes or go through vertices.
See also
Double-click the view to open the View Properties dialog box. To locate the failure in the model. If the component fails. click a row that contains an ID number in the session history log. An error notification is printed in the session history log stating which part and which cut caused the failure. 4. you may have to adjust the position of the handles manually. The component automatically rotates the cutting part until a successful cut position is found. Tips for round tube cuts Use the Round tube (23) component for round tube cuts.Hiding cut lines in a view
To hide all cut lines in a view: 1. use polygon cuts. Use polygon cuts Whenever possible. Tekla Structures selects the corresponding part and cut in the model. The Cut part with polygon command automatically extends the cut slightly outside of the part face.3 mm outside of the part planes. Try to position the cut at least 0. it may be useful to cut even further onto the web than just the flange thickness. 3.
•
• •
•
If a cut fails.3 mm).
See also
Cuts (p.. Click Display. if the cutting part cuts very slightly the web as well (at least 0. 2. rotate the cutting part slightly until you find a successful cut position. 109)
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Tips
. Use edge chamfers Whenever possible. to open the Display dialog box.. if you are cutting a beam that has roundings. Tekla Structures displays the cutting part using dash-anddot lines.

See also
Modifying part length (p.2 Part positioning tips
These tips will help you to efficiently create and position parts in a view. Tekla Structures zooms to the corresponding objects in the active model view. 2. 242)
Modifying part length
To modify the length of a part.
See also
Viewing log files Viewing reports
9. 242) Optional ways of placing objects in a model (p.
Fit the work area to include only the selected objects
1. This can cause shop errors. It can cause problems with connections and details. Hold down Z.Viewing log files Useful shortcuts in viewing logs and reports (p. do one of the following: • • To shorten a part. Click a row that contains an ID number. or use the Fit Part End command. Tekla Structures zooms to the corresponding objects in the active model view. 2. move the part handles.
TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Tips
241
. move the part handles. Do not cut the end of a part to shorten it.
Hold down F. To lengthen a part.
Do not use fittings to lengthen parts. 242) Positioning objects in a radial or circular pattern (p. 241) Creating horizontal parts (p. Click a row that contains an ID number. 241)
Useful shortcuts in viewing logs and reports
Use the following shortcuts when viewing items in log files and reports:
To Zoom to the selected objects
Do this 1. because cuts do not always affect part length when you export information to NC files.

y directions).
Optional ways of placing objects in a model
When you want to place an object to a position where no lines or objects intersect. For example. you have the following options:
• • •
See also
Use the snapping commands. 108)
Creating horizontal parts
When creating horizontal parts. such as beams. and that part marks automatically appear at the same part end. 32) Rotating objects Construction objects (p. Use construction planes.See also
Part position (p. 57) Fittings (p. To ensure that beam rotation is correct in drawings. always pick points in the same direction.
Snapping to positions Construction objects (p. 42)
Positioning objects in a radial or circular pattern
To position objects in a radial or circular pattern. do one of the following: • •
See also
Create a grid line and use the Copy Special > Rotate command to copy it. 40) Points (p. and from bottom to top (in positive x. 40)
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TEKLA STRUCTURES 16 Modeling Tips
. This ensures that Tekla Structures places and dimensions the parts in the same way in drawings. Create points. set part Rotation to Top in the part properties dialog box. pick positions from left to right. lines and circles.
Creating a single grid line (p. Use construction lines and circles to position the objects.