The Yale Pin-Tumbler Lock Invention

What is a Pin-Tumbler Lock?

The Pin-Tumbler Lock is a lock mechanism that uses pins of varying lengths to prevent the lock from opening without the correct key.

The outer casing of the Pin-Tumbler has a cylindrical hole in which the plug or metal pin is housed. The lock mechanism uses pins of varying lengths to prevent the lock from opening. To open the lock, the plug must rotate, this is done by using the correct key.

The Pin-Tumbler design is based on a main barrel which is drilled so it has typically 5-6 cylinder slots that are set close together in a line. A metal pin, or "tumbler", fits closely to the walls of each of the slots. A second metal pin, or "driver," sits above the tumbler and is pushed down on the tumbler by a very small coil spring, which is permanently compressed as it sits inside the lock's enclosed case.

Linus Yale Jr's Pin-Tumbler Lock was similar to that which was created by Linus Yale Sr but used a smaller, flat key with serrated edges like the ones we still use today. When inserted into the lock, the key pushes the bottom pins into the right position, which allows the user to turn the key and unlock the lock.

The cylinder Pin-Tumbler Lock with the flat key was patented in 1861.

The picture above shows a subsequent patent of a fine-tuned version registered in 1865

Inspired by the Egyptians

Image of an Ancient Egyptian wooden lock with pins, the model used by Linus Yale for his invention of the Pin-Tumbler Technology, Patented June 27, 1865