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Liechtenstein
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Liechtenstein, officially the Principality of Liechtenstein, is a doubly landlocked German-speaking microstate in Central Europe. It is a monarchy with the rank of principality, headed by the Prince of Liechtenstein. Liechtenstein is bordered by Switzerland to the west and south and Austria to the east and it has an area of just over 160 square kilometres and an estimated population of 37,000. Divided into 11 municipalities, its capital is Vaduz and its largest municipality is Schaan, the unemployment rate is one of the lowest in the world at 1. 5%. Liechtenstein has been known in the past as a tax haven, however. An alpine country, Liechtenstein is mainly mountainous, making it a winter sport destination, many cultivated fields and small farms are found both in the south and north. The country has a financial sector centered in Vaduz. Liechtenstein is a member of the European Free Trade Association, and while not being a member of the European Union and it also has a customs union and a monetary union with Switzerland. The oldest traces of human existence in Liechtenstein date back to the Middle Paleolithic era, neolithic farming settlements were founded in the valleys around 5300 BC. Hallstatt and La Tène cultures flourished during the late Iron Age from around 450 BC possibly under influence from the Greek. One of the most important tribal groups in the Alpine region were the Helvetii, in 58 BC, at the Battle of Bibracte, Julius Caesar defeated the Alpine tribes, bringing the region under closer control of the Roman Empire. By 15 BC, Tiberius, who was destined to be the second Roman emperor, Liechtenstein was integrated into the Roman province of Raetia. The area was maintained by the Roman military, which maintained a large legionary camp called Brigantium near Lake Constance, a Roman road ran through the territory. In 259/60 Brigantium was destroyed by the Alemanni, a Germanic people who settled in the area in around 450. In the Early Middle Ages, the Alemanni had settled the eastern Swiss plateau by the 5th century, Liechtenstein was at the eastern edge of Alemannia. In the 6th century, the region became part of the Frankish Empire following Clovis Is victory over the Alemanni at Tolbiac in 504. The area that later became Liechtenstein remained under Frankish hegemony until the empire was divided by the Treaty of Verdun in 843 AD following the death of Charlemagne. The territory of present-day Liechtenstein belonged to East Francia until it was reunified with Middle Francia under the Holy Roman Empire around 1000 AD

2.
University of Liechtenstein
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The University of Liechtenstein is the largest of four centers for higher education in the Principality of Liechtenstein. It focuses on two fields of study – architecture and business economics, the University of Liechtenstein is located in Vaduz, the capital of the principality. The students and faculty come from 40 countries, and the university has partnerships with 80 other institutions, the university was founded in 1961 mainly for the teaching of mechanical and civil engineers which later evolved into the Liechtenstein School of Engineering. In 1992 the establishment was recognized as the Liechtenstein University of Applied Sciences. In 2008 the institution derived the status as a university and received the right to offer programs in addition to Bachelors and Masters programs according to the Bologna process. This included further extensions of the university and research programs with other universities, in November 2010 the Liechtenstein Parliament adopted the law on the University of Liechtenstein that has been ratified on 1 February 2011. Jürgen Brücker succeeded Klaus Näscher, who co-founded the university, as president since October 2016, Dr. Brücker was formerly a member of the Presidents Board and Management Board of the University of the University of St. Gallen. As Dean of External Relations and Development at the University of St. Gallen, the bachelors degree program leads to a first professional qualification at an institution of higher education. The bachelor programs consist of at least six semesters, the master programs last for a minimum of four semesters. The Architecture program received 1st place in 2008 in an international ranking from the magazine DETAIL, students of the MSc Information systems program won the 2015 and 2016 SAP DemoJam competition in Barcelona, which is the world’s biggest conference for SAP developers and designers. Starring in DemoJam 2015 was Kevin Flesher, Kevin Bösch, Rapha Credential, Bruno Saboia, the 2016 DemoJam participants were Roberts Zentelis, Carolina Martinez, Gaëtan Magal, Iliyan Iliev, Yanitsa Kircheva. The doctorate may be acquired in the program of studies. Doctor of Philosophy – PhD / DoktorIn der Wissenschaft – Dr. scient, the doctorate program lasts for a minimum of three years. The offerings include executive master’s and university programs, symposiums and conferences as well as lectures, the university is associated member in the European Research Center for Information Systems. Liechtenstein Economic Research Center, Economy and Growth, Public Finance, Macroeconomics, all chairs and researchers, their research achievements, publications, research projects and partners are documented. The information also serves the purpose of evaluation and can be found under R&D documentation on the university website. The Spinnerei Student Office organizes events for the students, there is a calendar on their homepage where students may enter events that they wish to share with their colleagues. The ULSV is interested in improving both the academic and social experiences for the students of the university, START Liechtenstein is a student organization that supports the students in their entrepreneurial ideas

3.
Liechtenstein Institute
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The Liechtenstein Institute is a scientific research center and academic institution in Bendern, in the Principality of Liechtenstein. The institute carries out research in the history, politics, law, the institute does not award degrees and does not offer lectures, which are typical for universities. Therefore, the Liechtenstein Institute is an institution according to the higher education act of the Principality of Liechtenstein. The institute’s organising institution is an incorporated society, according to the private and corporate law of Liechtenstein. Since 1998 the Liechtenstein Institute is located in the present building, in the first years, the founding of the institute relied solely on private contributions. Nowadays the public authorities provide two-thirds of the means, the political and social science is primarily dedicated to the political system of Liechtenstein. The jurisprudence at the institute is concerned with the law of Liechtenstein, particularly the administrative. The economic sciences at the Liechtenstein Institute was established as a complement to the research at the University of Liechtenstein. The results of the institute are published as books and papers in scientific journals, in addition to that, the institute compiles reports and surveys for the government of the Principality of Liechtenstein, government agencies and municipalities. Furthermore the institute sponsors dissertations with relate to the country, the institute offers presentations, lecture series, and symposias for topics relevant to Liechtenstein. The Liechtenstein Institute has a library for the specialist fields history, law. The books and journals are not available for loan. The library has the profile of a working library