1. In this research, we intended to examine the gilding techniques of ancient Japan and Korea. So, we analyzed the gilt relics excavated from tumuli in Japan and Korea, and examined its composition of element.2. The member of this project is National-Museum-of-Japanese-History and Korean-National-Research-Institute-of-Cultural-Properties and Museum-of-Pusan and Universities in Pusan. At National-Museum-of-Japanese-History, we used a scanning electron microscope with a X-ray microanalyzer.3. The samples for analysis are personal-ornaments, weapon, defensive-weapon, horse-trappings that excavated from tumuli in Silla, Kaya, Japan.As the results of analysis for the ancient relics, we found several basic techniques.(1) Gilding technique was found in ornaments, weapon, defensive-weapon, horse-trappings.(2) The gold layer was very thin, and plated by an amalgam method.(3) There were two types of the layer that gold is highly pure and contain silver.(4) There are two colors with gold. In one of gold layer assumed a white color, we found thick mercury. So its white color of gold is derived from mercury.(5) Copper plate as base metal shows many types. They include Lead.Tin.Antimony.Silver.(6) We found particular gilding technique on iron plate by an amalgam method.(7) By lead isotope analysis, we found that lead in bronze remains excavated from Korea, was mined at China, not at Korea.