Adaptivity

Enabled 3D r-adaptive remeshing with solid elements to work with *INCLUDE_TRANSFORM.

Fixed a problem so the 2D r-adaptive and sensor definitions can be used simultaneously.

Fixed the possible creation of new nodes during adaptive remeshing with ID's that are already in use. In the original remeshing algorithm, the nodes associated with discrete beam elements and extra nodes, were not handled. In some cases, discrete beam elements and extra nodes are just hanging out there not connected to any solids or shells. For these cases, the new mesh may have nodal values that are the same as these discrete beams and extra nodes resulting in error termination when the analysis continues after remeshing.

Airbag

Fixed an MPP problem to allow sensors to be used with more than one airbag.

Improved airbag venting when the airbag particle method is used.

Enabled the optional temperature of input gas versus time curve to work with Wang Nefske control volume airbag.

Added the ability to consider external air resistance in the *AIRBAG_PARTICLE method. The drag coefficient can be given in the keyword card and external air inertial will be applied to the bag to retard the motion.

Fixed the pressure calculation from the *AIRBAG_ADIABATIC_GAS_MODEL to prevent negative pressures.

The CPM particle internal energy is calculated by direct integration of Cp through temperature from 0 to the operational temperature. If the user defined a polynomial of Cp that is not a monotonically increasing function, the internal energy iteration would not converge for a temperature higher than the maximum. This caused an instability of the CPM algorithm while transferring energy during collision. This has been fixed by assuming a constant Cp= Cp_max after the maximum value of Cp is reached. This allow users to use their quadratic Cp functions from other codes.

ALE

Fixed the constraints by BCTRAN and BCROT on *ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_GROUP when the ALE mesh is moving.

Fixed the EBC option on *CONTROL_ALE for the use with pentahedral and tetrahedral elements.

Fixed the ALE_2D force calculation at points near the axis of symmetry for 2D solid elements of ELFORM=14.

Fixed a failure to remove segments from coupling by *CONSTRAINED_LAGRANGE_IN_SOLID when the associated beam elements are deleted.

Added a new mass scaling option for ALE, IMASCL=4 on *CONTROL_ALE.

Added a fragmentation option in ALE in *ALE_FRAGMENTATION. Rather than converting failed material to vacuum, the new method preserves the material volume and converts the volume expansion to vacuum. This simulates crack formation and conserves mass and momentum.

Contact Options

Added support for *CONTACT_2D_AUTOMATIC_NODE_TO_SURFACE with SPH particles.

Added a SHLEDG parameter to the optional card D of the *CONTACT card. This purpose of this optional parameter is to request no extension of shell edges during contact searching (the square edge option). This option is only valid for segment based (SOFT=2) contact. A parameter by the same name already exists on *CONTROL_CONTACT, but now it exists on *CONTACT optional card D, which allows the value do be set for an individual contact interface.

Fixed MPP *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_TIEBREAK option 5: the symmetric treatment (which is not tied) was executing some of the "tied" code, resulting in random force spikes.

Improved MPP interference contact by extending the bucket sort region to account for the segment thickness of solid elements. This improves the initial search to find deeply penetrated nodes.

Fixed MPP *CONTACT_CONSTRAINT, which was not properly handling shared nodes.

Modified MPP tied contact initialization. For contacts that move the slave node onto the surface (non-offset types), nodes that are off the edge of the slave segment are projected onto the edge rather than the extension of the segment. This improves stability.

Improved the MPP parallel efficiency when there are multiple uses of guided cable contact.

Fixed a possible crash during initialization due to a memory error in *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_BEAMS_TO_SURFACE.

Improved *CONTACT_AUTO_MOVE such that it is now possible to conduct gravity loading and binder closing in one single input deck for simulation in Implicit Static. Total simulation time will not be changed; time related to rigid body move of the tooling is eliminated during the simulation.

Added support for birth time in MPP implicit beam to surface contact.

Added a warning message when tied contact types 2, 6, or 7 attempts to tie a node to a segment which has some nodes that belong to rigid structures

Enabled interior contact for implicit calculations.

Added an option to not delete contact segments if a shell element fails. If all elements fail which share a common node, only then are the segments deleted.

Fixed contact CNCTO option of *CONTROL_SHELL when used with SOFT=2 contact in MPP. Prior to fix, CNCTO had no affect.

Fixed the segment based contact periodic penetration check. It could crash when reporting solid element segments, but now does not report them since penetration of solid faces is routine.

Changed the behavior of SLDTHK in SOFT=2 contact. Prior to this change, the thickness offset was equal to SLDTHK. After this change, the thickness offset is 1/2 of SLDTHK so it behaves like SOFT=0,1 contact, where the offset is equal to the offset from a null shell of thickness SLDTHK.

Fixed quad to triangle segment switching option of segment based contact when contact surface input is by segment or element set.

Fixed the sliding option of segment based contact with triangular segments. The adjacent segment data on one edge was unavailable so the sliding option would sometimes fail to detect unreasonable penetration assumptions.

Fixed the segment based contact search for properly defined segments when they are attached to thick shell elements with top and bottom faces having 3 nodes: in other words, with connectivity of 1,2,3,3,4,5,6,6. The check was failing to find the elements and warning of improper segment connectivities.

Speed up MPP segment based contact by reducing wait times.

Fixed the negative AOPT option of materials 158, 221, 223, and user-defined materials when more than one part references the same material.

Fixed a bug that occurred when either the fsifor or blastfor database files had a different output frequency than d3plot. The bug caused incorrect fsifor or blastfor xy-plots that looked like step functions.

Improved the internal energy reported to the matsum database for ALE multi-material groups.

Fixed the output to the abstat database for the case using load curve for the adiabatic gas model.

Fixed an error in the SECFORC database when more than on discrete element share a node.

Fixed the strain output for 2D axisymmetric shells elements when used with *MAT_103 (anisotropic plastic).

Fixed the output of nodal rotations by the MPP version to the drdisp.sif file.

Enhanced encryption to allow the suppression of all output for a subset of parts. By invoking input encryption and output suppression together, it's possible to hide the geometry, material, etc. of specified parts from another analyst yet allow that analyst possession of the input so that he might modify or add to unencrypted portions of the model and run analysis. PSETID in*DATABASE_BINARY_D3PLOT identifies the part set containing the parts to be omitted from all output including D3PLOT. By including *DATABASE_BINARY_D3PLOT with a nonzero PSETID in an encrypted portion of the input, a safeguard is invoked that prevents PSETID from being reset elsewhere in the input.

Prevented the writing of zeros in the *SET_ cards of a dyna.inc file.

Fixed a problem of MPP implicit solutions terminating with MPI error messages. It now shuts down cleanly.

Fully support the TPRINT output in the binout database.

Added a new keyword, *CONTROL_CPM to control the CPM output format to d3plot.

NCPMOUT:
Eq.11(default) version 3, all data out
Eq.21: version 4, all data out
Eq.22: coordinates only
Eq.23: summary only

Added a TSHEAR flag to *SECTION_TSHELL. This parameter is used only thick shell formulation 5, and controls the assumption of the out-of-plane shear strain distribution. The default, TSHEAR=0, cause a parabolic assumption. If TSHEAR=1, the assumption is a constant distribution. The parabolic assumption is best when elements are used in a single layer. The constant assumption is best when elements are stacked on top of the other. The TSHEAR parameter is ignored when laminated shell theory is in use. Fixed the time step calculation for thick shell elements to ignore failed elements.

Forming

Improved *PART_MOVE. When a part is moved, the node sets constrained to this part are also moved. This is necessary for draw bead definition.

Improved certain undercut problems in springback compensation. In a straight hat section, the draw wall is compensated vertically down if an undercut problem is detected.

Improved 3D trimming for forming calculations. In some cases, the part was not completely trimmed when the part was complex or when the gap between trim lines and part was too big.

Fixed and improved *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_FORMING option 2, to help convergence in a multi-step roof crush simulation.

Fixed mapping with *INCLUDE_STAMPED_PART. Prior to the fix, when stress information was removed, the mapping could not continue.

Modified contact behavior when *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_FORMING is used. IGNORE is set to 1 to allow initial penetrations to remain, and SOFT is set to 0 for penalty contact.

Added a new keyword: *CONTROL_FORMING_SCRAP_FALL. This feature enables contact-based transfer of tooling kinematics to sheet metal scrap. Scrap and parent part are initially constrained together until trim steel comes into contact with the scrap, at which point the constraints are released and scraps are free to fall.

Added a new keyword: *DEFINE_MULTI_DRAWBEADS_IGES. This new keyword allows multiple IGES curves to be defined with bead force and create and project them to tools for draw beads definition. Only one card is now needed for bead definition.

Added a new keyword: *DEFINE_COORDINATE_SYSTEM_IGES to define coordinate systems based on information specified in the supplied IGES file. After the coordinate system is generated, corresponding beam elements are also automatically generated for visualizing.

Added a new keyword: *CONTROL_FORMING_AUTO_NET: to automatically generate nets for springback measurements. An offset option allows nets to be generated that are offset a user specified distance from the sheet metal.

Added a new option (PERCT<0) for *DEFINE_CURVE_DRAWBEAD for which the absolute value of PERCT is the draw bead force.

Added a new keyword: *INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_SYMMETRIC_LINES. This keyword allows for springback compensation of double attached stamping tools accounting for symmetric conditions.

Added output of strain tensors when *INCLUDE_TRIM is used for sheet metal trimming.

Added a new feature to compensate springback in a localized region, defined by an inner curve and an outer curve. Related keywords include *INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_CURVE, *DEFINE_CURVE_COMPENSATION_BEGIN, and,*DEFINE_CURVE_COMPENSATION_END.

Added an option to *CONTROL_CHECK_SHELL which allows a part set to be checked. It is important for Tailor welded blanks. When PSID<0, the positive number is the part set ID and all elements with the PIDs in the defined part set will be checked and fixed.

Added a new keyword, *DEFINE_CURVE_FLC, which allows for defining the Forming Limit Curve (FLC) using sheet metal thickness and a strain hardening value 'n'. The FLC is calculated based on Issues on the AHSS Forming Limit Determination,Ming F. Shi, Shawn Gelisse, IDDRG 2006.

Added Method=-8 for *INTERFACE_COMPENSATION_NEW. It is used to calculate the trim die shape based on previous springback results.

Added new features for trim die compensation.

METHOD=-8 for *INTERFACE_COMPENSATION_NEW causes the trim die shape to be based on previous springback
To allow multi-step springback compensations in line dies, two new keywords were added,
*INTERFACE_COMPENSATION_NEW_MULTI_STEPS and *INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_COMPENSATED_SHAPE_NEXT_STEP
which are used together with *INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_DESIRED_BLANK_SHAPE, and,
*INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_CURRENT_TOOLS, to calculate tooling shape for the next step.
Automatic iteration/accelerated compensation was added using new keywords
*INTERFACE_COMPENSATION_NEW_ACCELATOR, *INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_ORIGINAL_DYNAIN, and,
*INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_SPRINGBACK_INPUT.

Added a new keyword *DEFINE_FRICTION_ORIENTATION to allow the friction coefficient to be changed based on orientations and contact pressure.

Added an keyword *CONTROL_FORMING_STONING which controls a calculation of surface lows or surface defects that are formed during metal stampint.

Enabled *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_FORMING to be used in a dynamic implicit calculation.

Added a new feature for *DEFINE_CURVE_TRIM_NEW: allow both seed node and in/out options.

Frequency options

Added a new keyword *FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_RANDOM_VIBRATION to run random vibration analysis.

Added an option _FATIGUE in *FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_RANDOM_VIBRATION to run random fatigue computations, based on Miner's rule.

Added *FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_SSD to run steady state dynamic analysis due to harmonic excitations.

Added keyword *FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_FRF to replace the old keyword *CONTROL_FREQUENCY_RESPONSE_FUNCTION (the old keyword still works).

Updated FRF to allow the usage of intermittent eigenvalues in FRF computation.

Added a new keyword *FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_RESPONSE_SPECTRUM to run response spectrum analyses.

Implicit

Enhanced the outputting of the linear algebra components of implicit mechanics:

extended the output of eigenvectors to constraint and attachment modes

output the damping matrix terms for use by other applications

Enhanced control of the implicit time step via a load curve.

Fixed implicit spot weld constraints when the master node is a solid node.

Fixed the brick spot weld assembly failure calculation for implicit solutions. Prior to the fix, failure history was updated each iteration leading to possible early failure of welds, and multiple failure messages.

Fixed a memory clobber error with implicit brick spot weld elements.

Improved implicit convergence of spot weld failure.

Fixed brick spot welds and assemblies with failure type other than option 8 and 12 when swforc output is not requested. A failure to allocate sufficient memory caused spurious stress at the start of the calculation.

Enhanced implicit linearized parts.

Include Options

Added a new keyword: *INCLUDE_PATH_RELATIVE which acts just like *INCLUDE_PATH except it prepends the directory portion of the input file name. For example, if these lines appear in an input:

*INCLUDE_PATH_RELATIVE
my_incdir
and the problem is run using:
ls971 i=../inputdir/problem.k
then the effect would be as if this was in the input:
*INCLUDE_PATH
../inputdir/my_incdir
This allows an input and its include files to be moved around and run from anywhere,
without having to modify any *INCLUDE or *INCLUDE_PATH statements.

Added long format keyword input. For long format input, there are four fields per line with each field being 20 characters wide. Use as many lines as needed to complete each keyword. To use the long format, put either add the command line option, "long=yes", or add "long=yes" on the *KEYWORD line. You can toggle between long and short format by adding appending a "+" to any keyword to switch to long format, or a "-" to switch to short format. For example

Loads

Added *LOAD_BODY_GENERALIZED which allows the body force loads to be calculated to account for a prescribed base acceleration or a prescribed angular velocity over a subset of the complete system.

Added keyword *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_DISABLE_UNREF_CURVES. This new feature will disable the unreferenced time dependent load curve on each processor to reduce the memory location and evaluation of fval each cycle. Thiscurrently works with curves defined in *LOAD_SHELL_ELEMENT, *LOAD_NODE and *LOAD_THERMAL_VARIABLE_NODE.

Added *LOAD_ERODING_PART_SET keyword to apply a pressure load to the exposed surface of solid element that may erode.

Added support for *LOAD_HEAT_CONTROLER for MPP solutions.

Added death time for pressures in *LOAD_BLAST.

Added pressure scale factors for *LOAD_BLAST_ENHANCED.

Added unit systems 6, 7, and 8 for *LOAD_BLAST_ENHANCED

Fixed the distribution of gravity load from *LOAD_GRAVITY_PART to the nodes of ELFORM=2 solid elements. It is now consistent with the stress distribution.

Changed the behavior of the LCDD curve in *LOAD_MOVING_PRESSURE. Instead of using the same distance for every segment, use the distance on a per pressure segment basis.

Reprogrammed the user load set subroutine. It now has an example and includes the *USER_LOADING_SET ID number as an argument.

Fixed the external work calculation when *LOAD_MASK is used to apply a load.

Fixed the Mach number conversion factor for BLAST=3 of *LOAD_BLAST_ENHANCED allowing Mach numbers up to 0.99.

Fixed a problem affecting MPP *LOAD_BLAST_ENHANCED where combinations of segments from sets belonging to both shells and solids were not accommodated properly.

Fixed a memory problem for *LOAD_BODY_GENERALIZED_SET_PART.

Fixed a memory allocation error that could occur for user-defined loading.

Improved implicit gravity loading to have better correlation with experiments.

Material Models

New option for *MAT_036 and *MAT_243. R values can now be defined as functions of temperature and plastic strain. Therefore, the absolute values of negative R00, R45, and R90 must point to tables.

Added new option HR=9 to *MAT_036 and *MAT_243. With that, LCID represents a 3d table with temperature and strain rate dependence.

Modification for initialization of material direction values. If there are zeros in *INITIAL_STRESS_SHELL, then the values fromthe material card are kept.

Added new material model *MAT_HILL_90 = *MAT_243. It is based on *MAT_036, but Barlat's yield function and flow directions are replaced by its counterpart from Hill (1990).

Enable use of *ELEMENT_SHELL_COMPOSITE or *PART_COMPOSITE together with *MAT_ADD_EROSION.

Fix for combination of Hughes-Liu beams with bulk viscosity (BTYPE>0) and *MAT_006 or *MAT_098.

Update for *MAT_133: Added optional flag ISCALE on Card 1, Column 8. Scaling of yield locus can be switched on (ISCALE=0, default) or off (ISCALE=1). If scaling is on, then the 00 direction (rolling direction) is the reference direction. If scaling is off, the reference direction can be arbitrary.

Added an option for the Young's modulus to be a function of plastic strain in *MAT_133 (Barlat YLD 2000).

Enabled type 0 solid elements to be used for implicit solutions with *MAT_126 (modified honeycomb) and *MAT_201 (Arup honeycomb), and improved the implicit stiffness when *MAT_126 is used with other element types.

Enabled shell elements with *MAT_082 (plasticity with damage ortho) to be used in implicit solutions.

Added equation of state *EOS_MIE_GRUNEISEN which is a Mie_Gruneisein equation of equation of state with the p-alpha model.

Added a new *MAT_USER_DEFINED parameter (LCMA) in the 6th field of card 2. LCMA is the length of the additional material constant array. This allows more material constants to be defined using additional input lines with 8 constants per line. The array is called CMA in the umat subroutines.

Fixed the non-reflecting boundary when used with *MAT_079 (hysteretic soil).

Fixed a bug in *MAT_192 (soil brick) affecting the unusual case when the stress in the soil exceeds the stress experienced in the pre-consolidation stage (as determined by input PCGL).

Fixed the density of *MAT_169 (Arup adhesive) when used with a unit change in *INCLUDE_TRANSFORMATION.

Improved the behavior of *MAT_191 (seismic beam) so that the response is less noisy.

Fixed *MAT_ADD_EROSION for the case of simultaneous use of the maximum principal strain criteria and the shear strain at failure. For this case, failure by the shear strain criteria was too soon. Also, fixed an overflow problem that occurred with ductile failure.

Improved the element deletion message for *MAT_126 (modified honeycomb) to include whether failure was by TSEF or SSEF.

Improved the implicit element stiffness matrix for solids and shells that use *MAT_089 (plasticity polymer).

Added an option to deactivate contact for SPH particles that have been deactivated.

Added support for V0 in equations of state (*EOS) when used with SPH. This enables initial pressure to be prescribed.

Added a new SPH/solid coupling type, ICPL=2 on *DEFINE_ADAPTIVE_SOLID_TO_SPH. For each hybrid element, the internal forces are calculated by SPH, and solid nodes are used for external forces, to enforce boundary conditions, and for contact.

Enabled 2D axisymmetric SPH to work in MPP.

Spot Welds

0 - default - damage initiated by plastic strain, and damage is a
function of plastic strain; this behavior is identical to past
versions so back compatibility is maintained.
1 - like option 0, but a force limiting function is used after damage
initiation to prevent force growth.
2 - damage initiated by plastic strain, but damage is a function of
time; the force limiter is also used.
10 - like option 0, but damage is also initiated by the failure function
11 - like option 1, but damage is also initiated by the failure function
12 - like option 2, but damage is also initiated by the failure function
With damage options 0, 1, 10, and 11, RS is the rupture strain, and
RS-EFAIL must be a positive number.
With damage options 2 and 12, RS is the time from damage initiation to
failure, so RS must be a positive number.

Thermal

Added a parameter, LUMPBC on *CONTROL_THERMAL_NONLINEAR which can be used to prevent an anomalous temperature that can occur when a segment with very high head flux is adjacent to a segment with zero heat flux. This situation is rare, and the option should be used only when needed, as it replaces the calculation of segment heat load using a simple average instead of shape function partitioning.

Enabled *BOUNDARY_THERMAL_BULKNODE to work in MPP.

Enabled *DEFINE_FUNCTION to be used with *LOAD_THERMAL_SHELL to generate heat for 2D elements, and 3D thin and thick shell elements.

Enabled 2D thermal contact to work when the contact interface has a birth time.

Enabled small deck restart of a thermal solution using keywords *DELETE_CONTACT, DELETE_PART, and DELETE_ELEMENT_option.

Added support of *DEFINE_FUNCTION when used with 2D heat transfer boundary conditions.

Restart_Input_Data

Fixed MPP segment based contact after a full deck restart. Failing to properly initialize arrays lead to memory errors and segmentation faults.

Fixed an MPP segment based contact full deck restart. It sometime failed during initialization.

Fixed the restart of solution that use *LOAD_BLAST_ENHANCED with ALE elements.

Reactivate *LOAD_SPCFORC. In a full-deck restart, if the SPC's in the initial run have been removed, *LOAD_SPCFORC reads back and applies the SPC forces recorded in the initial run. This is helpful in soil-structure interaction problems where BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING is used.

Added the position and velocity of eroded nodes and elements to the restart files so they can be reset during a restart run.

Fixed an MPP error with _GENERATE option of element and node sets during small deck restart.

Fixed an MPP full deck restart error that occurred when *INTERFACE_LINKING_SEGMENT was in use.

Fixed an MPP restart bug for solutions that used EFG shells.

Fixed an inability of parts with *MAT_224 (tabulated viscoplasticty, tabulated Johnson Cook) to restart from a dynain file.

Fixed the intfor database which had problem with restart analysis.

General

Replaced keyword *CONSTRAINED_SPR3 by *CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION_SPOTWELD. The old one still works, too.

Duplicate nodes are deleted, when their distance falls below given tolerance of *NODE_MERGE_TOLERANCE.

Added new staged construction capability to do units changes and ID increments as with *INCLUDE_TRANSFORM.

Fixed a bug in staged construction that could have lead to spurious volumetric stresses when the model contains both active and dormant parts of the same material type.