American envoys challenged assertions Saturday that Washington seeks to diminish its role in Middle East
affairs, insisting US political ties and energy needs bind the country closely to a region full of "threat and promise."

The defensive tone by US officials, in response to questions raised at an international security summit in Bahrain, reflects growing speculation about a possible US policy realignment toward Asia at the expense of Mideast initiatives.

Gulf Arab states, in particular, have urged the Obama
administration to take stronger action on Syria,
where Saudi Arabia and Qatar seek to open channels to send heavy weapons to rebel forces fighting to oust Syrian President Bashar Assad.
The White House has favored a more cautious approach with the Syrian opposition, worried that hard-line Islamist rebel factions could be aided by stepped up arms flow.

"The idea that the US can pivot away from the Middle East is the height of foolishness," Sen. John McCain
said at the Bahrain gathering, which brings policymakers and political figures from around the world including Iran and the Syrian opposition.

The Arizona Republican, the ranking member on the Senate Armed Services Committee, also said he believes there is a "steady increase" in fighters inspired by al-Qaeda joining the rebel side in Syria's civil war.

The comments follow a diplomatic flap after Bahrain's crown prince did not mention the US at the opening of the conference Friday as he listed critical allies in the kingdom's 22-month battle against an Arab Spring-inspired uprising. Bahrain is home to the US Navy's 5th Fleet, which is the Pentagon's main counterweight in the region against Iran's military.

Many at the conference interpreted the crown prince's omission as a public slap against Washington for its criticism of Bahrain's crackdowns, including recent action such as banning opposition rallies and revoking citizenship for 31 activists.

More than 55 people have died in the unrest as the island nation's Shiite majority pushes for a greater political voice in the Sunni-ruled kingdom.

The head of the US delegation, Deputy Secretary of State William Burns, said Washington's foreign policy objectives clearly include the "dynamic" rise of Asian economic and political power and "domestic renewal" to compete in the changing world economy.

"For all the logical focus on pivots in other directions, however, the fact remains that the United States cannot afford to neglect what's at stake in the Middle East," he said.

He credited Bahrain's leadership for some reforms aimed at easing the tensions, including giving more powers to the elected parliament. But he noted "there is still a long road ahead" in following through with recommendations by an independent fact-finding committee last year that included calls for investigation into allegations of high-level abuses against protesters.

The main Bahrain Shiite opposition group, Al Wefaq, said Saturday that it was open to the crown prince's offer for dialogue, but it was unclear whether any breakthroughs were possible. Past overtures have failed to gain traction.

Burns also said Middle Eastern oil remains crucial for the world economy despite projections of a sharp rise in US crude output in coming years from techniques such as extracting oil from shale.

Burns: Mideast full of threat and promise

Burns, however, pointed out that other nations need to help chart the course in the region following the Arab Spring - suggesting no major unilateral push by Washington over Syria or other simmering disputes such as Iran's nuclear program.

"It is important for Americans, self-absorbed as we sometimes are, to understand that the Middle East is not all about us ... But if it's not about us, the future of the region certainly matters a great deal to us," he told the conference. "It's a region today that is full of both threat and promise."

Earlier, Prince Abdulaziz bin Abdullah, the Saudi deputy foreign minister, said Gulf Arab states must quash any Arab Spring-inspired unrest or risk threats to their leadership across the oil-rich region.

The comments echoed calls by Gulf authorities to widen crackdowns on perceived opposition such as rights activists and Islamist factions.

His remarks also appeared aimed at justifying the intervention last year in Bahrain by a Saudi-led Gulf military force.

Prince Abdulaziz said Gulf states "cannot tolerate instability" that could lead to challenges to the Western-allied leaders from Kuwait to Oman that have so far ridden out the Arab Spring.

Leaders of the six-nation Gulf Cooperation Council plan to meet later this month in Bahrain with issues such as closer intelligence and security coordination on the agenda.