Total lymphocyte count and World Health Organization pediatric clinical stage as markers to assess need to initiate antiretroviral therapy among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in Moshi, Northern Tanzania

..4920). M. tuberculosis bacteremia was detected more rapidly in a continuously monitored liquid blood culture system, but the mean time to positivity exceeded 3 weeks...

Performance of nucleic acid amplification following extraction of 5 milliliters of whole blood for diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteremia

John A CrumpDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicinea and Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USAJ Clin Microbiol 50:138-41. 2012

..Of 25 samples from patients with M. tuberculosis bacteremia, 9 (36.0%) were positive and 1 (1.5%) of 66 control samples was positive by NAAT. The NAAT shows promise, but modifications should focus on improving sensitivity...

Invasive bacterial and fungal infections among hospitalized HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults and adolescents in northern Tanzania

Total lymphocyte count and World Health Organization pediatric clinical stage as markers to assess need to initiate antiretroviral therapy among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in Moshi, Northern Tanzania

..We evaluated changes in characteristics of clients presenting for voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) before and during care and treatment center (CTC) scale-up activities in Moshi, Tanzania, between November 2003 and December 2007...

Prevalence of mycobacteremia among HIV-infected infants and children in northern Tanzania

..We found no cases of mycobacteremia among 93 ill, HIV-infected children in northern Tanzania, despite optimization of laboratory methods and selection of patients thought to be at highest risk for disseminated infection. ..

..Histoplasmosis is an important cause of febrile illness in Tanzania but is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis. Increased clinician awareness and availability of reliable diagnostic tests may improve patient outcomes...

Predicting mortality for paediatric inpatients where malaria is uncommon

..As the proportion of children living low malaria transmission areas in sub-Saharan Africa increases, approaches for identifying non-malarial severe illness need to be evaluated to improve child outcomes...

Gender differences in the risk of HIV infection among persons reporting abstinence, monogamy, and multiple sexual partners in northern Tanzania

..We examined the association between the number of sexual partners and the risk of HIV seropositivity among men and women presenting for HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) in northern Tanzania...

Effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis on antimicrobial resistance of fecal Escherichia coli in HIV-infected patients in Tanzania

..001). Among those with confirmed leptospirosis, the predominant reactive serogroups were Mini and Australis. Leptospirosis is a major yet underdiagnosed cause of febrile illness in northern Tanzania, where it appears to be endemic...

..Guidelines in sub-Saharan Africa on when HIV-seronegative persons should retest range from never to annually for lower-risk populations and from annually to every 3 months for high-risk populations...

Evaluation of the Abbott m2000rt RealTime HIV-1 assay with manual sample preparation compared with the ROCHE COBAS AmpliPrep/AMPLICOR HIV-1 MONITOR v1.5 using specimens from East Africa

..The epidemiology of Salmonella Typhi and invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) differs, and prevalence of these pathogens among children in sub-Saharan Africa may vary in relation to malaria transmission intensity...

Two decades of disseminated tuberculosis at a university medical center: the expanding role of mycobacterial blood culture

..The Working Group on Ethics Guidelines for Global Health Training encourages efforts to develop and implement a means of assessing the potential benefits and harms of global health training programs...

Development, implementation, and impact of acceptability criteria for serologic tests for infectious diseases

John A CrumpClinical Microbiology Laboratory, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USAJ Clin Microbiol 42:881-3. 2004

..001). We recommend that acceptability criteria be developed and applied to samples submitted to clinical microbiology laboratories for serologic testing...

Establishment of haematological and immunological reference values for healthy Tanzanian children in Kilimanjaro Region

John A CrumpClinical Microbiology Laboratory, Duke University Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USAJ Clin Microbiol 41:1987-90. 2003

..We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of fee-based and free testing strategies at an HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) program integrated into a community-based AIDS service organization in Moshi, Tanzania...