From 1900-1950 the countries of India and China where experiencing independent and nationalist movements. These movements differed in the ways they achieved their goals. While China encompassed two major political powers, India had one. Both of these movements had a leading political figurehead. India met their independence through nonviolence, while China portrayed internal conflict. On the other hand, India encompassed only one major political party while China had two. Both movements raised political figures like Mao Zedong and Mahatma Gandhi.

The path that India and China took towards independence were different. While India sponsored militant nonviolence, China lead a Civil War. India’s predisposition to nonviolence was inspired by its leader Mahatma Gandhi. On the other hand, the Guomindang and Communist Party in China sparked guerrilla warfare. India, unlike China, is seen by participating in hunger strikes and protests like “The walk to the sea”, while China’s early bitter fights lead to civil unrest by the Red Army and the Guomindang. Perhaps the reason for these differing paths is due to the fact that India is seen as a whole trying to free itself from foreign impression, while China’s internal political difference caused conflict leading to a civil war. These countries have different paths to achieving their goals.

While India only had one prominent major political party, China had two. India’s party was the Indian National Congress unlike China which had the Guomindang as well as the Communist Party of China (CPC). While the Indian National Congress represented about 75% of the population, the Chinese Guomindang and the Communist Party had split membership contributing to China’s internal conflict. While the singular major Indian National Congress focused on gaining independence the two views of China’s party conflicted with types of governing. This is perhaps due to the fact that India was majorly...

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...﻿ The Mongol empire of the 1200s remains a sort of anomaly to this day. Their unconventional war tactics and nomadic way of life defied all other empires that were in existence at the time. However, their strategies proved extremely successful, and they were able to establish the largest empire the world had ever seen in a mere 20 year span. The unification of Asia (excluding India) under the strict rule of the Mongols brought about a period of relative peace and of economic improvement. While there were some negative factors due to Mongol reign, such as the spread of the black plague, they were far overshadowed by the improvements experienced by Asia as a whole.
The main reason for the initial success of the Mongols was their style of warfare. Being a nomadic tribe, they relied heavily on horses to maintain their land, and became extraordinary horsemen. Horses were not heavily used in combat in the rest of Asia, giving the Mongols an advantage over their enemies. Document 1 shows the extent of the Mongol empire at its height, which further goes to prove the effectiveness of these new strategies. Documents 2 and 3 attest to the potency of Mongol raids. Document two describes the very organized military structure of generals and captains ruling over the rest of the army. It also describes the severe consequences suffered if the warriors were to abandon the battle. This requirement to fight until the end of the battle made the Mongols formidable opponents,...

...﻿APWORLDDBQ ESSAY MUSLIM
Ben Petty
B1
Muslim leaders in south Asia and northern Africa both had many issues and difficulties when it came to defining their nationalism as an empire. Both southern Asia and Northern Africa struggled politically, educationally, and religiously to define their nationalism.
Both Northern Africa and Southern Asia struggled to define their empires nationalism because of political issues. (4,6). A Muslim Egyptian nationalist is speaking about how the east will never see eye to eye with the west. The Nationalist is saying how Egypt can never create nationalism if his country is at civil war, and cannot see eye to eye and agree on things. (4.) This personal bias is an issue because it is only giving an opinion of an eastern African citizen. A western African citizen could be feeling a complete opposite way about politics. This matters because a western African could have a solution to see eye to eye about politics, and completely fix the problem. It would help to see a document showing the opinion of a western African citizen saying how he feels about the east and the west agreeing on politics.
Education was a big factor in South Asia and Southern Africa. (3,1). An educator of an oriental college is saying how people would rather chose to save and adopt Islam then to take in the new British education system. This creates nationalism in a way that Islam is looking for new education that will be...

...AP® WORLD HISTORY
2007 SCORING GUIDELINES
Question 2—Continuity/Change Over Time
BASIC CORE (competence)
0–7 Points
1. Has acceptable thesis.
1 Point
• The thesis correctly specifies both change and continuity in the formation of
national identity in the region of the Middle East, Southeast Asia, OR
Sub-Saharan Africa from 1914 to the present.
• The thesis must be explicitly stated in the introduction or the conclusion of the essay.
• The thesis may appear as one sentence or as multiple sentences.
• A thesis that is split among multiple paragraphs, or merely restates the prompt,
is unacceptable.
• Thesis sentences may not be used for any other rubric points.
2. Addresses all parts of the question, though not necessarily evenly or
thoroughly.
For 2 points:
• The essay provides relevant discussion of both continuity and change within
the time period in the formation of national identity in one of the regions.
For 1 point:
• The essay provides relevant discussion of either continuity or change within
the time period in the formation of national identity in one of the regions.
2 Points
3. Substantiates thesis with appropriate historical evidence.
2 Points
For 2 points:
• The essay provides FOUR pieces of accurate evidence of change AND continuity.
o Change evidence must be a concrete example related to a specific country.
o Continuity evidence may be general to the selected region.
o At least one piece of...

...swords. Great leaders like Samudragupta and Chandragupta II understood the need for combined armed tactics and proper logical organization which is why Gupta’s army was powerful and dominant. Gupta military success came from the constant use of elephants, armored cavalry, and foot archers against both Hindu kingdoms and foreign armies. The Guptas also maintained a navy, allowing them to control regional waters. During the reign of Chandragupta II, Gupta Empire maintained a large army consisting of 500,000 infantry, 50,000 cavalry, 20,000 charioteers and 10,000 elephants along with a powerful navy with more than 1200 ships. Chandragupta II controlled the whole of the Indian subcontinent; the Gupta Empire was the most powerful empire in the world during his reign, at a time when the Roman Empire in the west was in decline.
The decline of the Gupta Empire was based of poor leadership and attacks from other clans. Skandagupta was followed by weak rulers Purugupta (467–473C.E.), Kumaragupta II (473–476C.E.), Budhagupta (476–495 C.E.), Narasimhagupta, Kumaragupta III, Vishnugupta, Vainyagupta and Bhanugupta. The line of the sixth-century Gupta leaders is unclear, but the last recognized ruler of the dynasty's main line was king Vishnugupta, who reigned from 540 to 550 C.E. In the 480 C.E., the White Huns broke through the Gupta defenses in the northwest, and much of the empire in northwest was overrun by the Hun by 500. (Gupta Empire). The Huns were defeated and...

...Makenzie Wood
12/14/13
5th hour
Cricket and Politics
In South Asia, cricket was a new found religion for the people of India. India’s win in the
World Cup in 1983 was a defining moment, cricket was at an all time high, with the media and
Bollywood as well. Between 1880 and 2005 cricket effected politics by bridging religious
tensions, a way to express nationalism and a way of unifying people of different groups together.
Cricket was a unique game that brought people together. Documents 1,2,3,4 and 5 all
show that cricket unified people of all different groups to come together in playing the game of
cricket. In document 1, Indian cricket players were getting fed up with the English polo players
that kept playing on their turf with their ponies because the ponies would tear up and ruin the
grass, so the Indians wanted the English to go back to their own land or let the Indians play on
their land that was way to big for them. The petition they wrote for the land may have helped
them get along better politically if both sides followed the petition. In document 2, cricketer,
Prince Ranjitsinhji plans to join the English sussex team in England, play for them and then
come back to India as the head of the English cricket team. Then in 1990 he will then return to
England as the new head of the India cricket team and play for them. Prince Ranjitsinhji was
probably a higher class individual which let him play for both teams in India and England and he
was respected...

...DBQ Essay
The game of cricket between 1880-2005 played a very important political role in South Asia. Cricket both strengthened the relationship between Britain and India, and created good social changes. Although, the game weakened the religious and political rivalry according to the different perspectives of ten different sources.
Cricket helped unify and strengthen the relationship between Britain and India. As shown in document 3, Cecil Headlam, an English cricketer and historian, says that “Cricket unites the rulers and the ruled. It also provides a moral training, an education in pluck, and nerve, and self restraint.” It also allowed India to compete with the english on even terms, according to Prabhat Kumar Mukhopadhyay in document 6. In document 6 it showed Kumars opinion on the Indians victory over the English, in what was made the only thing they could compete in. This brought turned cricket into a political battlefield. Each religion could battle it out with a game of cricket and whoever won, would have pride.
In document 10, the chairman of the Pakistan Cricket Board tells an interviewer in an interview that cricket brings people together mentioning that there are 20,000 Indian cricket fans. In a way she is right, the game does bring people from all over the world together; for example the prince of india mentioned in document 2. Although, since it came from a cricket historians point of view, it gave more of a biased...

...A document that would show a Japanese elementary school from the 19th century to compare it to the normal school in doc. 2
would help in comparison of the documents. Also a western style elementary school from the 19th century that could show the similarities and differences from the Japanese school would help.
Education was affected by the west in many ways in Japan. Documents 2,6 show this perfectly.
This supports my thought that the West played a pivotal role in their development and modernization.
In document 2, the picture of the normal school shows that schools were built in different prefectural
areas.
This idea of prefects was taken From the French.
The western style roof and windows show
similarities in architecture also.
The view showing the normal school is focused on one wing of the
building this maybe to show emphasis on the style of design.
In document 6, the organization of the
stages of education was very similar to the western grades or schools. This document was also shows
how education was effected over time.
The document is from 1860,
5 years after Commodore Perry
visits Japan,
from an American secretary on his view.
influenced Japanese education over time
west but it grew greater over time.
These 2 documents show how much the west
Japanese culture was largely affected by the
Japanese Culture was also affected by the west in many ways including style of clothes and
architecture as shown in documents 4,7, and 8.
Document 4 showing...

...DBQ: Rise and Fall of Ottoman Turkey, Safavid Iran, Mughal India
What factors contemporaneous observers attributed the rise and fall of the Muslim empires which factors made them successful, which factors weakened empires? Discuss overall strengths and weaknesses
additional documents to help access rise and fall of Ottomans, Safavids, Mughals?
Documents:
Document 1: SAFAVID “great liking for warfare and weapons of war…fine soldier and very skilled, and his men so dexterous—use of muskets””realm extended and soldiers receive pay all year” Paul Simon, missionary to Safavid Court of Shah Abbas The Great in the city of Isfaha, 1605—visitor to Safavid court, therefore perhaps biased in treatment of soldiers and mencourt has only the best of the best. Plus biased towards Europe, therefore men are “little behind our men in Europe.”  success of the empire was its treatment of the recruited slave youth into the army and bureaucracybackbone of army and loyal to Abbas I.
Document 2: MUGHAL Revenues collected “3,960.3 million dams” while expenditures were “3784.2 million dams”, a good “187.4” on the imperial household itself, another 359 for the central military establishment and an astounding 3237.8 on the imperial nobility.  most of the population in India lived in poverty, the splendor of the regime mostly the Mughal nobility. Bureaucracy and army grown bloated and corrupt, peasants and urban workers have lower living standards warfare (Aurangzeb) and...