Weekly Epidemiological Report

November Week 44

Editoral

Addressing the burden of antimicrobial resistance in Nigeria

The National Antibiotic Awareness Week (NAAW) commenced this week with the theme for this year being “Misuse of Antibiotics puts us all at risk”. The activities for the NAAW are focused on increasing awareness on antibiotic use and misuse and promoting the drive for commitments from stakeholders to improve antimicrobial stewardship across the country. This is in line with Nigeria’s antimicrobial resistance National Action Plan, developed in 2017.

As part of the week-long activities, the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) in collaboration with the Federal Ministries of Agriculture and Rural Development and Environment organised several activities to raise awareness on AMR. This included a policy dialogue to identify approaches towards Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and institutionalizing antimicrobial stewardship, spelling bee competition for junior secondary school students, a road show and press engagement activities. The NCDC also supported activities in states across the country.

At the policy dialogue, panel discussions were held with focus on three major themes - emergence and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance; approaches to addressing antimicrobial resistance and contribution of CSOs and NGOs to the national AMR response. This was followed by an exercise for all participants to develop priorities and next steps for AMR response in Nigeria. The dialogue ended with the development of a communique to drive actions.

Following the dialogue, it is expected that a stronger commitment from all stakeholders in promoting the AMR cause is established and implementation of the National Action Plan for AMR in Nigeria is put on the front burner for all to uphold.

SUMMARY OF REPORTS

In the reporting week ending on November 4, 2018:

o There were 198 new cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) reported. None was confirmed as polio. The last reported case of polio in Nigeria was in August 2016. Active case search for AFP is being intensified with the goal to eliminate polio in Nigeria.

o There were 233 suspected cases of measles reported from 31 States. None was laboratory confirmed and three death were recorded.

In the reporting week, all States sent in their report. Timeliness of reporting remains 87% in both previous and current weeks (43 & 44) while completeness also remains 99% at same period. It is very important for all States to ensure timely and complete reporting at all times, especially during an outbreak.

REPORT ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

1. AFP

1.1. As at November 4th 2018, no new case of WPV was recorded

1.2. In the reporting week, 198 cases of AFP were reported from 164 LGAs in 36 States

1.3. Between week 1 and 44 2018, 7443 suspected cases of AFP have been reported from 750 LGAs in 37 States

1.3.1. AFP Surveillance has been enhanced and outbreak response is on-going in Borno and other high-risk States

1.3.2. The 2nd NIPDs was conducted from 30th June to 3rd July, 2018 using bOPV in 36 States plus FCT

2.3 Timeliness/completeness of CSM case-reporting from States to the National Level (2018 versus 2017): on average, 88.2% of the 26 endemic States sent CSM reports in a timely manner while 98.2% were complete in week 1 - 44, 2018 as against 76.4% timeliness and 92.3% completeness recorded within the same period in 2017

4 LASSA FEVER

4.1 In the reporting Week 44 (29 October – 4 November, 2018) five new confirmed I cases were reported from Edo (3) Ondo (1) and Ebonyi (1) States with two new deaths in Edo (1) and Ebonyi (1)

4.2 From 1st January to 4th November 2018, a total of 2950 suspectedi cases have been reported from 22 states. Of these, 553 were confirmed positive, 17 are probable, 2380 negative (not a case)

4.3 Since the onset of the 2018 outbreak, there have been 143 deaths in confirmed cases and 17 in probable cases. Case Fatality Rate in confirmed cases is 25.9%

4.4 22 states have recorded at least one confirmed case across 90 Local Government Areas (Edo, Ondo, Bauchi, Nasarawa, Ebonyi, Anambra, Benue, Kogi, Imo, Plateau, Lagos, Taraba, Delta, Osun, Rivers, FCT, Gombe, Ekiti, Kaduna, Abia, Adamawa and Enugu). Eighteen states have exited the active phase of the outbreak while four – Edo, Ondo, Ebonyi and Delta States remain activeiv

4.5 NCDC and Partners deployed Rapid Response Team (RRT) to Delta State

4.6 Lassa fever international Conference registration, abstract submission and sponsorship now open to the public on the conference website www.lic.ncdc.gov.ng

4.7 The Lassa fever national multi-partner, multi-agency Technical Working Group (TWG) continues to coordinate response activities at all levels. Response and laboratory supplies have been provided to priority States

4.8 National VHF guidelines (National Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers Preparedness guidelines, Infection Prevention and Control of VHF and Standard Operating Procedures for Lassa fever management) are available on the NCDC website- http://ncdc.gov.ng/diseases/guidelines

5 MEASLES

5.1 In the reporting week, 233 suspected cases of measles were reported from 31 States compared with 362 suspected cases and one death (CFR, 0.3%) reported from 34 States during the same period in 2017

5.2 Since the beginning of the year, 15504 suspected measles cases with 1110 Lab. Confirmed and 123 deaths (CFR, 0.8%) were reported from 36 States and FCT compared with 20016 suspected cases with 108 laboratory confirmed and 110 deaths (CFR, 0.56 %) from 36 States and FCT, during the same period in 2017

5.3 Response measures include immunization for all vaccine-preventable diseases in some selected/affected wards/LGAs during SIAs, as well as case management

Contacts

Social Media

Mandate of NCDC

The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) was established in the year 2011 in response to the challenges of public health emergencies and to enhance Nigeria’s preparedness and response to epidemics through prevention, detection and control of communicable and non-communicable diseases.