The status of women during the enlightenment didn't change for the better as most may think but instead surprisingly degraded. Economically, laws were produced that restricted all women's rights to own property and run businesses. Comparing the 1600s and the 1800s, it was obvious businesses owned by women in London had dropped to less than ten percent of the original number.

The Enlightenment pressured the change for education but the quality for women education also degraded. In the 16th and 17th centuries, education was made only available for the wealthiest women but they were ensured the same level of education as men. The Enlightenment stressed the importance of education for moral development and the ideal operation of society. All women of upper and middle classes were offered education in deorative accomplishments but subjects such as philosophy and science were closed off. Enlightenment thinkers thought there subjects were of intellectual disciplines; only meant for men.

During those times, family economies were essential for survival so if someone lived individually out on their own, they were regared as a beggar, criminal, or something worse. Women were productive laboureres within family economies. Very few women in society then were able to marry without a dowry. If a woman had a family, she would have help to pay for her dowry. If not, often she would have to save up a dowry of her own. The Enlightenment was not a time where women could enjoy and be enlightened by things such as philosophy. Women then were too busy trying to survive.

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...Battle of the Sexes: Inequality of Women During the Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was a period when clusters of philosophers, writers, scholars, and aristocrats sharply debated standards and assumptions about women's rights in society. Issues that pertained to widening the women's sphere into more than just the household, questioning the ability of women to logic as men, and debating egalitarian co-educational opportunities for both boys and girls. This was a time when women started to come forth as intellectuals in response to the unbalanced status given to the “weaker” sex. Both male and female Enlightenment thinkers had opinions that spanned across each side of the issues. Jean-Jacque Rousseau, who in his novels, such as Emile, stated that women's education should prepare them to compliment and serve men, rather than broadening women's knowledge of logic and reason. In response to Rousseau's claim, Mary Wollstonecraft, a feminist writer of the influential, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, spread the claim that women are more than capable of standing side by side with men in the public life to better the society as a whole. Wollstonecraft successfully disputes Rousseau's assumption that women are not capable of leaving the household and venturing into the intellection world of education and reason.
The idea that women should be...

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Thread Starter
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14-05-2013 19:29
Doing section 1 for the Biology ISA tomorrow on how windspeed affects the rate of temperature loss through sweating. How is everyone feeling? I am confident, my mock ISA was very similar and we have had a lot of preparation for it.
I have one question, there will probably be section where you have to explain why you came up with your hypothesis. My hypothesis is that windspeed will affect the rate of temperature loss through sweating. But I have to explain why I came up with it. I basically have the main idea of it, but it is harder than I thought to actually explain it....
So my first question is: why does windspeed affect the rate of evaporation? (I basically know the answer, I just want to see what you guys come up with for a modular answer).
My second question is quite open really, has anyone got any good tips for the 9 mark method question? I've basically got a method outlined on the note sheet with all the details and explained thoroughly...
Thanks for your time
Thread Starter
()
1
14-05-2013 19:29
Doing section 1 for the Biology ISA tomorrow on how windspeed affects the rate of temperature loss through sweating. How is everyone feeling? I am confident, my mock ISA was very similar and we have had a lot of preparation for it.
I have one question, there will probably be section where you have to explain why you came up with...

...﻿The Enlightenment 1650-1800
Was a sprawling intellectual, philosophical, cultural and social movement that spread through the majority of Europe throughout the 1700’s.
Influenced by the Scientific Revolution, which begun in 1500’s
Transformed the Western world into an intelligent and self-aware civilization
The effects of Enlightenment thought soon permeated both European and American life, from improved women’s rights to more efficient steam engines, from fairer judicial systems to increased educational opportunities
These ideas, works, and principles of the Enlightenment would continue to affect Europe and the rest of the Western world for decades and even centuries to come.
Nearly even theory or fact that is held in modern science has a foundation in the Enlightenment
The era’s ground-breaking and tenacious new approaches to investigation, reasoning, and problem solving that make it so important
Freedom of Expression
Causes
Most apparent cause was the 30 Years’ War. This destructive war, which lasted from 1618-1648, compelled German writers to pen harsh criticisms regarding the ideas of nationalism and warfare.
Hugo Grotius and John Comenius were some of the first Enlightenment minds to go against tradition and propose better solutions.
Finally, centuries of mistreatment at the hands of monarchies and the church brought average citizens in Europe to a breaking point, and the...

...
World Literature
The Enlightenment’s Impact on the Modern World
The Enlightenment, Age of Reason, began in the late 17th and 18th century. This was a period in Europe and America when mankind was emerging from centuries of ignorance into a new age enlightened by reason, science, and respect for humanity. This period promoted scientific thought, skeptics, and intellectual interchange: dismissing superstition, intolerance, and for some, religion. Western Europe, Germany, France, and Great Britain, and the American Colonies generally influenced the age of reason. Following the Renaissance, science and rationality was the forefront of this age. The enlightenment came as a wave throughout Europe, drastically changing the culture. The literature of time reflected this idea. Authors such as Voltaire and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were torchbearers of this time, writing Enlightenment literature and philosophy. The Enlightenment was the forefront for modern literature and changed the way people viewed and interacted with the world, without it society today would not be the same. The ideas of the Enlightenment have had a long-term major impact on the culture, politics, and governments of the Western worlds.
English philosopher John Locke’s principles of religious tolerance, the separation of church and state, and the social contract, for instance, greatly influenced the Founding Fathers of the United States...

...of the belief that studying
the world was a form of piety and constituted an admiration of God’s
work. The enlightenment took a major role in the development and construction
of modern Europe. During the enlightenment, many inventions were created, new
philosophical ideas were being discussed in massive forums by massive crowds,
and now by the average citizen instead of scholars and philosophers. Many
revolutions took place, politically, geographically, religiously, and
demographically shifting the face of Europe. Literature and art became important
and sources of power for the wealthy. Art took new form, being viewed with
different perceptions and perspectives. Writers started to speak their mind, even if
it meant going against their government's or even church's ideas. The
enlightenment shaped the Europe we know today in four distinct and important
ways. The Enlightenment encouraged several revolutions and helped
governments. It influenced the American Revolution and then the French
revolutions. The Enlightenment was an 18th century European movement in
which thinkers attempted to apply the principals of reason and scientific method
to all aspects of society. It influenced the Declaration of Independence and the
Declaration of the rights of man and of the Citizen. These political, economic, and
social changes from the Enlightenment influenced the...

...﻿Nick Robinson
Mr. Wakefield
Eng 100 7-9
8 December 2014
Change is a Step Forward
The Enlightenment, also known as the Age of Reason, is the name given to the period in Europe and America during the 1700s when mankind was emerging from centuries of ignorance into a new age enlightened by reason, science, and respect for humanity (Age of Reason). Enlightenment thinkers had an immense influence on the world during the Enlightenment Period because they were able to adapt and change people’s ethics and morals to create a better society. During this time, society was extremely religious and believed anything the church told them to believe. This causes citizens to believe what they were told and never giving them the ability to form and share their own ideas. The Enlightenment was a time where new discoveries and ideas were shared.
The Catholic Church had control over everything during this period of time. The church only provided the people with what they thought was morally and ethically correct. When morals and ethics are pushed people tend to only believe the ones they are told. The people were never given the opportunity to form their own opinions and ideas, because they are not true unless the church had said they were. For example, let’s say that the church were to kill someone because they tried believing in something else, the church would kill that person and say it was in God’s name. This gave people...

...Enlightenment
The Age of Enlightenment was an astonishing movement of philosophers in the 18th century who shared and opposed each other’s ideas, reasons, questions, and concerns about several different beliefs such as religious tolerance, deism (God), government, society, and knowledge. The goal of all Enlightenment thinkers was social reform. Some of the philosophers mentioned in the following paragraphs had similar ideas to one another, yet others had completely different thoughts on those same subjects. All, however, contribute to society today, in one way or another.
There were three generations of Enlightenment thinkers, all of whom celebrated major values that each person was greatly committed to achieving. The first generation of thinkers, the forefathers, consisted of John Locke, Isaac Newton, and Francis Bacon (The Triumph of Science, 9). John Locke, possibly one of the most important Enlightenment figures, had an empirical, or alternative, point of view (The Triumph of Science, 4). He was an English philosopher who was born in 1632 and was a philosopher during the Enlightenment age. Locke wrote a two volume work, published in 1690, explaining the “experience as the foundation of all knowledge”. The work was titled Essay Concerning Human Understanding (4). This thesis argued Locke’s main point that the human mind is a “tabula rasa” or a blank slate in which we as humans must...

...﻿In the later years of the Enlightenment, absolute monarchs in several European countries adopted some of the ideas of Enlightenment political philosophers. However, although some changes and reforms were implemented, most of these rulers did not essentially alter absolutist rule.
In Russia, Empress Catherine the Great, a subscriber to the ideas of Beccaria and de Gouges, denounced torture while greatly improving education, health care, and women’s rights, as well as clarifying the rights of the nobility1. She also insisted that the Russian Orthodox Church become more tolerant of outsiders. However, she continued to imprison many of her opponents and maintained censorship and serfdom. In Austria, monarchs Maria-Theresa and Joseph II worked to end mistreatment of peasants by abolishing serfdom and also promoted individual rights, education, and religious tolerance2. An admirer of Voltaire, Frederick the Great, the king of Prussia, supported the arts and education, reformed the justice system, improved agriculture, and created a written legal code. However, although these reforms strengthened and streamlined the Prussian state, the tax burden continued to fall on peasants and commoners. Spain had a great deal of censorship in place during the early Enlightenment, but when Charles III ascended the throne in 1759, he implemented a number of reforms. During his tenure, Charles III weakened the influence of the Church, enabled land...