Trader Anthony Riccio works on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Tuesday, Sept. 1, 2015. More signs of weakness in China's economy are sending global stock markets sharply lower. (AP Photo/Richard Drew)

US stocks fall sharply on bleak Chinese manufacturing report

NEW YORK — Stock markets plunged again Tuesday, continuing a rocky ride for Wall Street, after gloomy economic data out of China rekindled fears that the world’s second-largest economy is slowing more than previously anticipated. U.S. stocks are coming off their worst month in more than three years. The price of oil sank, giving up most of the gain it made from the day before.

CHINA MANUFACTURING: An official index of Chinese manufacturing fell to a three-year low last month, another sign of slowing growth in that country. The manufacturing index, which surveys purchasing managers at factories, dropped to 49.7 in August from 50.0 in July. A reading below 50 indicates a contraction.

China’s stocks sank on the news, with Shanghai Composite Index closing down 1.2 percent. The index has plunged 34 percent in the last three months.

The Chinese economy has been the main focus for investors all summer and concerns have intensified in the last three weeks. China devalued its currency, the renminbi, in mid-August. Investors interpreted the move as an effort to boost economic growth.

Traders had expressed some early hope that, after relatively peaceful trading Friday and Monday, that the volatility of the last two weeks would diminish. Those hopes were quickly dashed.

“Monday’s relatively peaceful markets are a distant memory as Chinese data and shares sparked another severe overnight reaction from the developed world,” said John Briggs, head of fixed income strategy at RBS.

LACK OF ENERGY: Oil markets also continued to swing wildly. Benchmark U.S. crude fell $3.76, or more than 7.5 percent, to $45.44 on the New York Mercantile Exchange. It had surged $3.98, or nearly 9 percent, to $49.20 on Monday after the U.S. Energy Department cut its oil output estimates.

SAFETY: Faced with broad declines, investors moved into traditional havens like bonds and gold. Bond prices rose, pushing the yield on the benchmark 10-year Treasury note down to 2.17 percent from 2.22 percent on Monday. Gold rose $5.30, or 0.5 percent, to $1,138.20 an ounce.

BAD MONTH: August was a miserable month for investors. Worries over China’s slowdown and the timing of a possible interest rate hike by the Federal Reserve pushed shares sharply lower. Moves by the Chinese central bank helped to stabilize the markets, at least temporarily, but the S&P 500 index still finished August down 6.3 percent. That’s its worst showing since May 2012.

FED WATCH: Along with worries about China, speculation about whether or not the Federal Reserve will raise interest rates as soon as this month continues to weigh on markets. Traders say a lot hinges on the August jobs report, released this Friday. Economists are forecasting that U.S. employers created 220,000 jobs in August, and that the unemployment rate fell to 5.2 percent.

The Federal Reserve meets September 16 and 17. Some economists are predicting that policymakers will be confident enough in the U.S. economic recovery to raise interest rates for the first time in almost a decade. While Fed officials are mostly focused on the U.S. economy, they cannot ignore the problems in China and the impact on the global economy.

“China’s problems are totally a concern for the Fed,” said Tom di Galoma, head of rates trading at ED&F Man Capital. “With inflation remaining low here, I just don’t a reason why they would raise rates.”

OTHER DATA: Here in the U.S., a private survey showed that growth in US manufacturing slipped last month to its slowest pace in more than two years. The Institute for Supply Management, a trade group for purchasing managers, reported Tuesday that its manufacturing index slid to 51.1 last month from 52.7 in July. It was the second straight drop and the weakest reading since May 2013.

CURRENCIES: The dollar fell to 119.87 yen from 121.20 yen on Monday. The euro rose to $1.1273 from $1.1225.

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