2 Education is no longer business as usual . . .In the 21st century, schools can't be throw backs to the state of education fifty, twenty, or even ten years ago. The instructional content they provide, the learning experiences they offer, the teaching methods they employ, and the assessments they use, must all keep pace with this century Arne Duncan

4 Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Knowledge and Understanding MattersStudents need:Deep knowledge and understanding of seminal content and skills within academic disciplinesCapacity to use disciplinary methods of inquiry creatively and productivelyAbility to understand prevailing world conditions, issues, and trends through disciplinary-based and interdisciplinary learningSubstantive engagement, over time, with the world’s complexities and interrelatedness

5 The Standards: No Longer business as usual . . .Who are they designed for?A new audience: Net generation students:Collaborative networkers and communicatorsMedia and technology savvyReliant on media in its various formsPartial to instant gratificationLikely to have multiple careers in their lifetimeThe challenge- How do we effectively teach and assess these students?7th Grade GirlVideo- Welcome to My PLE – 7th grade girl

6 Why designing curriculum is not business as usual . . .What curriculum is designed to do:Prepare students for citizenship, college and work expectations by including the essential content, skills and new literacies demanded in a complex, interconnected worldDylan (8th grade) talks about early experiences with technology then explains that he starts his day in high school (accelerated in math), then goes to Middle School for the rest of his day. Shows his Thinkquest project that he does with several other students from other countries (Argentina, Japan and India)Dylan

7 Why designing curriculum is not business as usual . . .When and where curriculum is used in 21st century learning environments:Physical places, online, and virtual environments within and/or outside of schools24/7 support systems that organize the conditions in which humans learn best – systems that accommodate the unique learning needs of every learner.Tools, structures, and relationships that inspire students and teachers to become lifelong learners Digital Nation ClipShow beginning of clip

9 Student EngagementContent RichThe first principle of instructional improvement is that increases in student learning occur only as a consequence of improvements in the level of content, teachers’ knowledge and skill, and student engagement Richard Elmore

10 Why designing curriculum is not business as usual . . .How curriculum is used As a tool that:Provides a framework for planning and implementing a high quality instructional program for all studentsIncludes a balanced continuum of assessments (formative, interim/benchmark, summative)Allows for flexibility, innovation and experimentationPromotes interdisciplinary and other instructional approaches that include the integration of 21st century skills and habits of mind, technology and global perspectives

11 Why is designing curriculum is not business as usual in New Jersey and Across the Nation . . .A Blueprint for Reform: Reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education ActRigorous College and Career Ready StandardsAdoption of CCSRigorous and fair assessment systems- measure higher order skills; inform instruction; may include other content areasSupport a more “complete” education- do not narrow curriculumTeacher/Principal evaluation systemsIdentify highly effective teachers/principals on the basis of student growth and other factorsDevelop & implement state evaluation systems with data systems in place to determine student and school progress and other information

12 2009 Revised NJ Standards: www.njcccs.orgHallmark = Integration21st century themes and skills (4Cs)Global perspectivesTechnologyStandards and Support MaterialsMeaningful and relevant learning in 21st century contexts/ Project-based Learning approachesCommunity and international involvement in learning, both face-to-face and onlineAuthentic student collaboration and in-depth learningNJ World Class- highlight info in pgh.Standards search SS Strand BScience horizontal for Life ScienceSearch “Global”Science UnitArts CAD in WordSS CAD in Word

13 Research and evidence-based, internationally benchmarkedCommon Core Standards~ Mathematics~English Language Arts and Literacy in History/SocialStudies, Science and Technical SubjectsResearch and evidence-based, internationally benchmarkedCurriculum mapped to standards and learning progressionsCurriculum-embedded assessmentsState and local assessment measures incorporate universal designTechnology used to support the assessment system

14 The QUALITY AND INTENSITY OF THE HIGHThe QUALITY AND INTENSITY OF THE HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM is the single biggest predictor of post secondary success. Many students, but especially low income and minority students, are trapped in courses that don’t prepare them for much of anything Key elements of effective schools are in our control: -A Guaranteed and viable curriculum -How Faculty teach, get and use feedback -How schooling is personalized -How Assessments are designed and student work is graded -The quality of feedback to students and acting on results in a timely manner - -Leadership based on mission -1414

17 The Future of Cyberlearning: A vision of the year 2015…SchoolHomeVirtual LaboratorySimulationsMobile technology access to school materials and assignmentsStudentsVirtual interaction with classmatesVisualizations of real-time data from remote sensorsImagine a high school student in the year She has grown up in a world where learning is as accessible through technologies at home as it is in the classroom, and digital content is as real to her as paper, lab equipment, or textbooks. At school, she and her classmates engage in creative problem-solving activities by manipulating simulations in a virtual laboratory or by downloading and analyzing visualizations of real-time data from remote sensors. Away from the classroom, she has seamless access to school materials and homework assignments using inexpensive mobile technologies. She continues to collaborate with her classmates in virtual environments that allow not only social interaction with each other but also rich connections with a wealth of supplementary content. Her teacher can track her progress over the course of a lesson plan and compare her performance and aptitudes across a lifelong “digital portfolio,” making note of areas that need additional attention through personalized assignments and alerting parents to specific concerns.Supplemental contentTeachersParentsLifelong “Digital Portfolio”

18 Open, Dynamic TextbooksOnline open textbooks available for printing parts or the whole.Textbooks could include standard text and pictures + embedded simulations, games, video, links to relevant sites.Feedback about quality and effectiveness leads to fast improvement cycles.Also include communication links for students and teacher to other students and teachers.Universal World Digital Library

19 MIT iLabs Discover Babylon Surgery SimulatorLearn by Doing To become a scientist, architect, or computer programmer…must learn to think and practice like oneIf we want our future workforce to be have the skills and knowledge to adapt to the rapidly changes brought on by globalization, then what better way to learn than to simulate the kinds of challenges that one might encounter? Rather than memorizing facts, why not start early and help students practice doing what a scientist, architect, doctor, dentist, historian, computer programmer, or electrician does? Technology has made it easier to create simulations for job-training, and, some instances, to give students the chance to actually carry out real work.Some examples:iLab at MIT supports a network of users who from a distance can manipulate high-end laboratory equipment to teach science. This is not virtual laboratory -- it is the real thing. The lab names areDynamic signal analyzerShake table for Civil EngineeringPolymer crystallization for Chemical EngineeringMicroelectronics device characterization for Electrical EngineeringHeat exchanger for chemical engineeringIn Australia an observatory has opened windows of its time to students and amateur astronomers who wish to explore and solve the kinds of problems that professional astronomers think about. Students create hypotheses, for example, predicting where a black hole might be, reserve the right time for the telescope to be focused on a particular part of the universe, and then analyze the results of their investigation. And, all of the images are open source, allowing anyone else to examine and study their importance.Discover Babylon teaches a user to be an archeologist with accurate historical and scientific information in 3D photorealistic simulations that allow the user open-ended exploration and discovery.Surgery Simulator shown here is a high-fidelity laparoscopic surgery simulator that enables surgeons to practice complex operative tasks before entering the operating room. The device emulates, with a high degree of accuracy, the anatomy of organs and tissues.MIT iLabsDiscover BabylonSurgery Simulator13

20 Accelerated Learning: Cognitively Informed Web- based InstructionAccelerate learning. agenda is "Can we Learn 2 to 3 times faster".The big idea here is that interactive on-line courses, developed by content experts who are informed by recent knowledge from cognitive science, can enable students to learn faster than they learn from regular, high quality lectures delivered in our world’s greatest universities. Our preliminary hypothesis is that students can learn twice to three times as fast using the on-line courses.Carnegie-Mellon University is developing such a set of college level courses for delivery on the web. The courses are based on current theories and data from cognitive sciences and the course content in each is exactly the content of a corresponding lecture course in the university. The University course takes one traditional semester of lectures. They provide all of the content necessary to successfully complete the course. In effect the courses are 24/7 cognitive tutors that are capable through effective use of feedback loops to create personalized experiences.Carnegie Mellon is embarking on a set of experiments to determine whether the 24/7 cognitive tutors can accelerate learning. They already know from other studies that the cognitive tutors work as well as the lecture approach when both groups are given a full semester to learn the material.In the new experiments the 24/7 cognitive tutor students will only have one-half the semester to take the course before the end of course examination while the lecture class students will have the full semester. The scores of the students in the two groups on the common end of course exam will be compared.Accelerate Learning Slide: CMU’s Static TutorThe OLI MiniTutors are grounded in studies that have attributed the sizeable learning gains that students achieve with human tutors to the feedback the tutor gives in the problem solving context.This tutor is in a section of the Statics Course on Effects of Multiple Forces and helps students learn how to calculate moments using components. It is intended to be an opportunity for students to do a "self-check" to make sure they understand the concept. However, if the student is unsure of the procedure for solving the problem, the first hint provides a link which, when clicked, expands the tutor into the various steps needed to solve the problem. The tutor provides scaffolding to support the student to learn the steps of the procedure when needed.The hints and feedback change depending on which part of the exercise the student is attempting. Notice that the hints are given in three levels with the first level of hint orienting the student in general terms, the second level of hint restating the rules, strategies or equations that the student should apply in solving the problem, and the final level of hint, or “bottom out hint” gives the student the solution for that step in the process. The student’s answers are green when they are correct and red when they are incorrect. This demonstrates the methodology of a cognitive tutor: making comments when the student errs, answering questions about what to do next, and maintaining a low profile when the student is performing well.The tutor recognizes when a student has used the scaffolding and hints and when the student gives the correct answer after having used the scaffolding and hints; the tutor suggests that the student try another problem without scaffolding and hints. The graph, the problem statement, hints, feedback and answers are dynamically-generated. The student can work through the tutor multiple times, receiving a different problem each time, until the student is confident that he or she understands the concept. This provides the student with virtually unlimited opportunities for supported practice. 12

21 Open Materials for Supplemental & Lifelong Learning Provide choices and control over when, where, and how to learnMany college and secondary school students stay up late at night and wake up groggy in the morning. It is in their genes. Yet our libraries, lectures, and professors are available in the morning and not in the middle of the night. Middle aged people who work during the day cannot attend college during conventional hours. Or maybe they don’t want to go back to school – rather they want to sit in their home and bone up on algebra and biology so they can do a better job in their current occupation.The big idea here is that we need to build a virtual world comprised of a large number of structured learning materials. The world would open to all on the web for use by anyone, anytime, anywhere. The materials that would comprise such a world is rapidly growing but as of yet they are scattered throughout the web.These materials include stand alone multi-media and lecture courses with fully developed content and instructional capacity; modules for home study, homework helpers and other supports. Over 100 such courses are already available for free in English and some are being translated into Spanish and Chinese. They cover such areas as calculus, algebra, world history, biology, chemistry, programming in C++ and others. In a short time we expect such courses to be available along with many thousands of other useful digital objects. Homework helpers provide support for all learners by bringing specific knowledge to bear to help students learn a concept.One particularly interesting example of a lifelong learning resource is in the area of language learning. The technology of voice recognition, language translation and machine language production has improved dramatically. With a language training program a student has the chance to practice and learn on her own, fail and then receive feedback and support, practice and repetition in an immersive language environment. We are currently exploring this area.11

22 Immersive Teaching and Games Learning through structured playUN World Food Program: Food ForceWhere do many of our children and young people spend their extra time? Games!! And coming on strong are non-gaming immersive environments!! On the computer, on the handheld device, at home, on the playground, on airplanes, autos, wherever they are kids 5 to 30 there are games. The games and immersive environments may have one or two or three or up to many thousands of participants. Something on the order of 25 million people play World of Warcraft and there are over 1 million inhabitants of Second Life. The gaming industry is larger than the movie industry. Parents all over the world worry that their children (and sometimes their spouses) are spending too much time playing these games. Yet there are very few powerful games designed for education purposes available for our schools and colleges.The irony here is that the Defense Department in the US and, I am sure other countries, already employ games and immersive environments for learning and training activities, as do multiple large private corporations around the world. What do they know that we do not know?They know that these environments foster the capacity to take control of your learning, be creative, solve problems, and manage complexity, through competition, collaboration, engagement in games and virtual worlds.The big idea here is that personalized, engaging, challenging game activities provide an extraordinary opportunity to teach both the old and new Basics.Some games for social and educational purposes are already in circulation.Games exist for science, defense, health, conflict resolution, and social change. Their sophistication, target audience, and message vary. The Federation for the Advancement of Science developed Immune Attack to allow high school students to experience the challenge of defending the human body against invading antigens; PeaceMaker, a game created by students at Carnegie Mellon University, lets Palestinians and Israelis switch roles to better understand each other's plight (I will add image of this); and the U.N. World Food Program's Food Force teaches kids about the difficulties of delivering aid to the developing world. Food Force had had 4 million downloads in 15 months (Time Magazine, August 2006).(Demo Food Force Trailer) Each player is a member of a rookie team sent to complete six missions. Each mission represents a part of the process of delivering food aid to an area in crisis. The final mission shows you how food aid can help people rebuild their lives in the years following a disaster.Federation of American Scientists: Immune AttackCarnegie Mellon: PeaceMaker14