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You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary (using German): Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at [[:de:Exact name of German article]]; see its history for attribution.

You should also add the template {{Translated|hu|M1 (televízióadó)}} to the talk page.

It was the most watched national channel in Hungary and its transmission receiving is 97%.[citation needed] On 15 March 2015, M1 was relaunched as a 24-hour news channel, meaning all variety programming is now transferred to Duna.

20:20 – various: A Dal (on Saturdays, only in February: The Hungarian National Final for the forthcoming Eurovision Song Contest, The Song in English); Magyarország, szeretlek! (on Sundays: The Hungarian version of the Dutch I Love My Country)

During 1971-1989 there were school programmes in daytime, this made the startup come at 8am instead of 6pm. During weekends, summer and winter they started at 6pm with m2.

In 1989, school programming was replaced with morning programmes broadcast between 5:40am and 9:00am, they closed at 11:00-15:30. Later there was the information program at 11:00-12:00 and noon program at 12:00-15:30. So the broadcast were from 5:40 to 23:25 or 2:00.

1.
PAL
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Phase Alternating Line is a colour encoding system for analogue television used in broadcast television systems in most countries broadcasting at 625-line /50 field per second. Other common colour encoding systems are NTSC and SECAM, all the countries using PAL are currently in process of conversion or have already converted standards to DVB, ISDB or DTMB. This page primarily discusses the PAL colour encoding system, the articles on broadcast television systems and analogue television further describe frame rates, image resolution and audio modulation. To overcome NTSCs shortcomings, alternative standards were devised, resulting in the development of the PAL, the goal was to provide a colour TV standard for the European picture frequency of 50 fields per second, and finding a way to eliminate the problems with NTSC. PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hannover, Germany, with important input from Dr. Kruse, the format was patented by Telefunken in 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union on 3 January 1963. When asked, why the system was named PAL and not Bruch the inventor answered that a Bruch system would not have sold very well. The first broadcasts began in the United Kingdom in June 1967, the one BBC channel initially using the broadcast standard was BBC2, which had been the first UK TV service to introduce 625-lines in 1964. Telefunken PALcolor 708T was the first PAL commercial TV set and it was followed by Loewe-Farbfernseher S920 & F900. Telefunken was later bought by the French electronics manufacturer Thomson, Thomson also bought the Compagnie Générale de Télévision where Henri de France developed SECAM, the first European Standard for colour television. The term PAL was often used informally and somewhat imprecisely to refer to the 625-line/50 Hz television system in general, accordingly, DVDs were labelled as PAL or NTSC even though technically the discs do not carry either PAL or NTSC composite signal. CCIR 625/50 and EIA 525/60 are the names for these standards, PAL. Both the PAL and the NTSC system use a quadrature amplitude modulated subcarrier carrying the chrominance information added to the video signal to form a composite video baseband signal. The frequency of this subcarrier is 4.43361875 MHz for PAL and NTSC4.43, the SECAM system, on the other hand, uses a frequency modulation scheme on its two line alternate colour subcarriers 4.25000 and 4.40625 MHz. Early PAL receivers relied on the eye to do that cancelling, however. The effect is that phase errors result in changes, which are less objectionable than the equivalent hue changes of NTSC. In any case, NTSC, PAL, and SECAM all have chrominance bandwidth reduced greatly compared to the luminance signal. The 4.43361875 MHz frequency of the carrier is a result of 283.75 colour clock cycles per line plus a 25 Hz offset to avoid interferences. Since the line frequency is 15625 Hz, the carrier frequency calculates as follows,4.43361875 MHz =283.75 ×15625 Hz +25 Hz

2.
576i
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576i is a standard-definition video mode originally used for broadcast television in most countries of the world where the utility frequency for electric power distribution is 50 Hz. Because of its association with the colour encoding system, it is often referred to as simply PAL, PAL/SECAM or SECAM when compared to its 60 Hz NTSC-colour-encoded counterpart. The 576 identifies a vertical resolution of 576 lines, and the i identifies it as an interlaced resolution and its basic parameters common to both analogue and digital implementations are,576 scan lines or vertical pixels of picture content,25 frames per second. Digital information not to be displayed as part of the image can be transmitted in the lines, teletext and other services. Analogue television signals have no pixels, they are rastered in scan lines, in digital applications, the number of pixels per line is an arbitrary choice as long as it fulfils the sampling theorem. Values above about 500 pixels per line are enough for conventional broadcast television, DVB-T, DVD and DV allow better values such as 704 or 720. The video format can be transported by major digital television formats, ATSC, DVB and ISDB, and on DVD, when 576i video is transmitted via baseband, most of the differences between the one-letter systems are no longer significant, other than vertical resolution and frame rate. Digital video uses its own separate space, so even the minor colour space differences between PAL and SECAM become moot in the digital domain. When 576i is used to transmit content that was composed of 25 full progressive frames per second. This is the opposite of NTSC, motion pictures are typically shot on film at 24 frames per second. When telecined and played back at PALs standard of 25 frames per second and this also applies to most TV series that are shot on film or digital 24p. Depending on the system in use, it also slightly increases the pitch of the soundtrack by 70.67 cents. More recently, digital conversion methods have used algorithms which preserve the pitch of the soundtrack. Conversion methods exist that can convert 24 frames per second video to 25 frames per second with no speed increase, however image quality suffers when conversions of this type are used. This method is most commonly employed through conversions done digitally, and is employed in situations where the importance of preserving the speed of the video outweighs the need for image quality. Many movie enthusiasts prefer PAL over NTSC despite the formers speed-up, because the results in telecine judder. States the majority of authorities on the subject favour PAL over NTSC for DVD playback quality, also DVD reviewers often make mention of this cause. For example, in his PAL vs. NTSC article, the founder of MichaelDVD says, Personally, I find all but intolerable and find it very hard to watch a movie on an NTSC DVD because of it

3.
1080i
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1080i is an abbreviation referring to a combination of frame resolution and scan type, used in high-definition television and high-definition video. The number 1080 refers to the number of lines on the screen. The term assumes a widescreen ratio of 16,9, so the 1080 lines of vertical resolution implies 1920 columns of horizontal resolution. A1920 pixels ×1080 lines screen has a total of 2.1 megapixels and this format is used in the SMPTE 292M standard. The choice of 1080 lines originates with Charles Poynton, who in the early 1990s pushed for square pixels to be used in HD video formats, within the designation 1080i, the i stands for interlaced scan. A frame of 1080i video consists of two fields of 1920 horizontal and 540 vertical pixels. The first field consists of all odd-numbered TV lines and the second all even numbered lines, 1080i differs from 1080p, where the p stands for progressive scan, where all lines in a frame are captured at the same time. In native or pure 1080i, the two fields of a frame correspond to different instants, so motion portrayal is good and this is true for interlaced video in general and can be easily observed in still images taken of fast motion scenes. However, when 1080p material is captured at 25 or 30 frames/second, it is converted to 1080i at 50 or 60 fields/second, respectively, in this situation both fields in a frame do correspond to the same instant. The field-to-instant relation is more complex for the case of 1080p at 24 frames/second converted to 1080i at 60 fields/second. Both field rates can be carried by digital television broadcast formats such as ATSC, DVB. The frame rate can be implied by the context, while the rate is generally specified after the letter i. In this case 1080i60 refers to 60 fields per second, the European Broadcasting Union prefers to use the resolution and frame rate separated by a slash, as in 1080i/30 and 1080i/25, likewise 480i/30 and 576i/25. Resolutions of 1080i60 or 1080i50 often refers to 1080i/30 or 1080i/25 in EBU notation, 1080i is directly compatible with some CRT HDTVs on which it can be displayed natively in interlaced form, but for display on progressive-scan—e. g. Most new LCD and plasma TVs, it must be deinterlaced, depending on the televisions video processing capabilities, the resulting video quality may vary, but may not necessarily suffer. For example, film material at 25fps may be deinterlaced from 1080i50 to restore a full 1080p resolution at the frame rate without any loss. Preferably video material with 50 or 60 motion phases/second is to be converted to 50p or 60p before display, worldwide, most HD channels on satellite and cable broadcast in 1080i. This also allows local newscasts on these ABC affiliates to be produced in the resolution to match the picture quality of their 1080i competitors

4.
Hungary
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Hungary is a unitary parliamentary republic in Central Europe. With about 10 million inhabitants, Hungary is a member state of the European Union. The official language is Hungarian, which is the most widely spoken language in Europe. Hungarys capital and largest metropolis is Budapest, a significant economic hub, major urban areas include Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs and Győr. His great-grandson Stephen I ascended to the throne in 1000, converting the country to a Christian kingdom, by the 12th century, Hungary became a middle power within the Western world, reaching a golden age by the 15th century. Hungarys current borders were established in 1920 by the Treaty of Trianon after World War I, when the country lost 71% of its territory, 58% of its population, following the interwar period, Hungary joined the Axis Powers in World War II, suffering significant damage and casualties. Hungary became a state of the Soviet Union, which contributed to the establishment of a four-decade-long communist dictatorship. On 23 October 1989, Hungary became again a democratic parliamentary republic, in the 21st century, Hungary is a middle power and has the worlds 57th largest economy by nominal GDP, as well as the 58th largest by PPP, out of 188 countries measured by the IMF. As a substantial actor in several industrial and technological sectors, it is both the worlds 36th largest exporter and importer of goods, Hungary is a high-income economy with a very high standard of living. It keeps up a security and universal health care system. Hungary joined the European Union in 2004 and part of the Schengen Area since 2007, Hungary is a member of the United Nations, NATO, WTO, World Bank, the AIIB, the Council of Europe and Visegrád Group. Well known for its cultural history, Hungary has been contributed significantly to arts, music, literature, sports and science. Hungary is the 11th most popular country as a tourist destination in Europe and it is home to the largest thermal water cave system, the second largest thermal lake in the world, the largest lake in Central Europe, and the largest natural grasslands in Europe. The H in the name of Hungary is most likely due to historical associations with the Huns. The rest of the word comes from the Latinized form of Medieval Greek Oungroi, according to an explanation the Greek name was borrowed from Proto-Slavic Ǫgǔri, in turn borrowed from Oghur-Turkic Onogur. Onogur was the name for the tribes who later joined the Bulgar tribal confederacy that ruled the eastern parts of Hungary after the Avars. The Hungarians likely belonged to the Onogur tribal alliance and it is possible they became its ethnic majority. The Hungarian endonym is Magyarország, composed of magyar and ország, the word magyar is taken from the name of one of the seven major semi-nomadic Hungarian tribes, magyeri

5.
Hungarian language
–
Hungarian is the official language of Hungary and one of the 24 official languages of the European Union. Outside Hungary it is spoken by communities of Hungarian people in neighbouring countries. Like Finnish and Estonian, it belongs to the Uralic language family, its closest relatives being Mansi and it is one of several European languages not part of the Indo-European languages, and the most widely-spoken European language that does not belong to the Indo-European family. The Hungarian name for the language is magyar or magyar nyelv, the word Magyar is used as an English and Hungarian word to refer to Hungarian people as an ethnic group. Hungarian is a member of the Uralic language family, the name of Hungary could be a result of regular sound changes of Ungrian/Ugrian, and the fact that the Eastern Slavs referred to Hungarians as Ǫgry/Ǫgrove seemed to confirm that. Current literature favors the hypothesis that it comes from the name of the Turkic tribe Onogur, there are numerous regular sound correspondences between Hungarian and the other Ugric languages. For example, Hungarian /aː/ corresponds to Khanty /o/ in certain positions, for example, Hungarian ház house vs. Khanty xot house, and Hungarian száz hundred vs. Khanty sot hundred. The distance between the Ugric and Finnic languages is greater, but the correspondences are also regular, during the later half of the 19th century, a competing hypothesis proposed a Turkic affinity of Hungarian. Following an academic debate known as Az ugor-török háború, the Finno-Ugric hypothesis was concluded the sounder of the two, foremost based on work by the German linguist Josef Budenz. The traditional view argues that the Hungarian language separated from its Ugric relatives in the first half of the 1st millennium b. c. e. in western Siberia, east of the southern Urals. The Hungarians gradually changed their lifestyle from settled hunters to nomadic pastoralists, in Hungarian, Iranian loans date back to the time immediately following the breakup of Ugric and probably span well over a millennium. Among these include tehén ‘cow’, tíz ‘ten’, tej ‘milk’, increasing archaeological evidence from present-day southern Bashkortostan found in the previous decades confirms the existence of Hungarian settlements between the Volga River and Ural Mountains. The Onogurs later had a influence on the language, especially between the 5th-9th centuries. This layer of Turkic loans is large and varied, and includes words borrowed from Oghur Turkic, e. g. borjú ‘calf’, dél ‘noon, many words related to agriculture, to state administration or even to family relations have such backgrounds. Hungarian syntax and grammar were not influenced in a dramatic way during these 300 years. After the arrival of the Hungarians into the Carpathian Basin the language came into contact with different speech communities, Turkic loans from this period come mainly from the Pechenegs and Cumanians who settled in Hungary during the 12th-13th centuries, e. g. koboz ‘cobza’, komondor ‘mop dog’. Hungarian borrowed many words from especially the neighbouring Slavic languages, in exchange, these languages also borrowed words from Hungarian, e. g. Serbo-Croatian ašov from Hung ásó ‘spade’. Approximately 1. 6% of the Romanian lexicon is of Hungarian origin, on the basis of the growing genetic evidence, the accepted origin theory is contested by geneticists too

6.
German language
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German is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, South Tyrol, the German-speaking Community of Belgium and it is also one of the three official languages of Luxembourg. Major languages which are most similar to German include other members of the West Germanic language branch, such as Afrikaans, Dutch, English, Luxembourgish and it is the second most widely spoken Germanic language, after English. One of the languages of the world, German is the first language of about 95 million people worldwide. The German speaking countries are ranked fifth in terms of publication of new books. German derives most of its vocabulary from the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family, a portion of German words are derived from Latin and Greek, and fewer are borrowed from French and English. With slightly different standardized variants, German is a pluricentric language, like English, German is also notable for its broad spectrum of dialects, with many unique varieties existing in Europe and also other parts of the world. The history of the German language begins with the High German consonant shift during the migration period, when Martin Luther translated the Bible, he based his translation primarily on the standard bureaucratic language used in Saxony, also known as Meißner Deutsch. Copies of Luthers Bible featured a long list of glosses for each region that translated words which were unknown in the region into the regional dialect. Roman Catholics initially rejected Luthers translation, and tried to create their own Catholic standard of the German language – the difference in relation to Protestant German was minimal. It was not until the middle of the 18th century that a widely accepted standard was created, until about 1800, standard German was mainly a written language, in urban northern Germany, the local Low German dialects were spoken. Standard German, which was different, was often learned as a foreign language with uncertain pronunciation. Northern German pronunciation was considered the standard in prescriptive pronunciation guides though, however, German was the language of commerce and government in the Habsburg Empire, which encompassed a large area of Central and Eastern Europe. Until the mid-19th century, it was essentially the language of townspeople throughout most of the Empire and its use indicated that the speaker was a merchant or someone from an urban area, regardless of nationality. Some cities, such as Prague and Budapest, were gradually Germanized in the years after their incorporation into the Habsburg domain, others, such as Pozsony, were originally settled during the Habsburg period, and were primarily German at that time. Prague, Budapest and Bratislava as well as cities like Zagreb, the most comprehensive guide to the vocabulary of the German language is found within the Deutsches Wörterbuch. This dictionary was created by the Brothers Grimm and is composed of 16 parts which were issued between 1852 and 1860, in 1872, grammatical and orthographic rules first appeared in the Duden Handbook. In 1901, the 2nd Orthographical Conference ended with a standardization of the German language in its written form

7.
Russian language
–
Russian is an East Slavic language and an official language in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and many minor or unrecognised territories. Russian belongs to the family of Indo-European languages and is one of the four living members of the East Slavic languages, written examples of Old East Slavonic are attested from the 10th century and beyond. It is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia and the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages and it is also the largest native language in Europe, with 144 million native speakers in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. Russian is the eighth most spoken language in the world by number of native speakers, the language is one of the six official languages of the United Nations. Russian is also the second most widespread language on the Internet after English, Russian distinguishes between consonant phonemes with palatal secondary articulation and those without, the so-called soft and hard sounds. This distinction is found between pairs of almost all consonants and is one of the most distinguishing features of the language, another important aspect is the reduction of unstressed vowels. Russian is a Slavic language of the Indo-European family and it is a lineal descendant of the language used in Kievan Rus. From the point of view of the language, its closest relatives are Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Rusyn. An East Slavic Old Novgorod dialect, although vanished during the 15th or 16th century, is considered to have played a significant role in the formation of modern Russian. In the 19th century, the language was often called Great Russian to distinguish it from Belarusian, then called White Russian and Ukrainian, however, the East Slavic forms have tended to be used exclusively in the various dialects that are experiencing a rapid decline. In some cases, both the East Slavic and the Church Slavonic forms are in use, with different meanings. For details, see Russian phonology and History of the Russian language and it is also regarded by the United States Intelligence Community as a hard target language, due to both its difficulty to master for English speakers and its critical role in American world policy. The standard form of Russian is generally regarded as the modern Russian literary language, mikhail Lomonosov first compiled a normalizing grammar book in 1755, in 1783 the Russian Academys first explanatory Russian dictionary appeared. By the mid-20th century, such dialects were forced out with the introduction of the education system that was established by the Soviet government. Despite the formalization of Standard Russian, some nonstandard dialectal features are observed in colloquial speech. Thus, the Russian language is the 6th largest in the world by number of speakers, after English, Mandarin, Hindi/Urdu, Spanish, Russian is one of the six official languages of the United Nations. Education in Russian is still a choice for both Russian as a second language and native speakers in Russia as well as many of the former Soviet republics. Russian is still seen as an important language for children to learn in most of the former Soviet republics, samuel P. Huntington wrote in the Clash of Civilizations, During the heyday of the Soviet Union, Russian was the lingua franca from Prague to Hanoi

8.
Chinese language
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Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases mutually unintelligible, language varieties, forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Chinese is spoken by the Han majority and many ethnic groups in China. Nearly 1.2 billion people speak some form of Chinese as their first language, the varieties of Chinese are usually described by native speakers as dialects of a single Chinese language, but linguists note that they are as diverse as a language family. The internal diversity of Chinese has been likened to that of the Romance languages, There are between 7 and 13 main regional groups of Chinese, of which the most spoken by far is Mandarin, followed by Wu, Min, and Yue. Most of these groups are mutually unintelligible, although some, like Xiang and certain Southwest Mandarin dialects, may share common terms, all varieties of Chinese are tonal and analytic. Standard Chinese is a form of spoken Chinese based on the Beijing dialect of Mandarin. It is the language of China and Taiwan, as well as one of four official languages of Singapore. It is one of the six languages of the United Nations. The written form of the language, based on the logograms known as Chinese characters, is shared by literate speakers of otherwise unintelligible dialects. Of the other varieties of Chinese, Cantonese is the spoken language and official in Hong Kong and Macau. It is also influential in Guangdong province and much of Guangxi, dialects of Southern Min, part of the Min group, are widely spoken in southern Fujian, with notable variants also spoken in neighboring Taiwan and in Southeast Asia. Hakka also has a diaspora in Taiwan and southeast Asia. Shanghainese and other Wu varieties are prominent in the lower Yangtze region of eastern China, Chinese can be traced back to a hypothetical Sino-Tibetan proto-language. The first written records appeared over 3,000 years ago during the Shang dynasty, as the language evolved over this period, the various local varieties became mutually unintelligible. In reaction, central governments have sought to promulgate a unified standard. Difficulties have included the great diversity of the languages, the lack of inflection in many of them, in addition, many of the smaller languages are spoken in mountainous areas that are difficult to reach, and are often also sensitive border zones. Without a secure reconstruction of proto-Sino-Tibetan, the structure of the family remains unclear. A top-level branching into Chinese and Tibeto-Burman languages is often assumed, the earliest examples of Chinese are divinatory inscriptions on oracle bones from around 1250 BCE in the late Shang dynasty

9.
Duna TV
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Duna is one of public television channels in Hungary. Duna is the Hungarian name for the Danube, Duna is the national main channel of the public media MTVA since 15 March 2015. Duna TV is managed and primarily funded by the Media Service Support and this government organization, formed in 2011, also manages the public service broadcasters Magyar Televízió and Magyar Rádió as well as the Hungarian news agency Magyar Távirati Iroda. On 1 July 2015, Duna TV as well as the three other public media organizations managed by the MTVA were merged into an organization called Duna Media Service. This organization is the successor to Duna TV and is an active member of the European Broadcasting Union. Duna TV went on the air in December 1992 as the first Hungarian TV station to broadcast over satellite and its mission is to create and broadcast programming for and news about Hungarian minority communities beyond Hungarys borders in order to help maintain their national/ethnic identity. A few years later, Duna TV became the first Hungarian station to broadcast 24 hours a day, in 2004, Duna TV began to broadcast in North America, South America and Australia. In 2006, Duna TV started its Channel II, Duna TV had been originally funded from a television licence fee imposed on owners of television sets. However, in July 2002, the government abolished the fee and began to fund the broadcaster through direct payments, with additional funding coming from advertising. While a decision ultimately was not made in time for Duna TV to participate, Magyar Televízió returned for the 2011 contest. Magyar Televízió and Magyar Rádió were also made a part of MTVA and this nonprofit organization is the legal successor to each of the four formerly separate entities managed by the MTVA. Éva Ciprusz Georgina Szántó Gábor Báthory Bea Lukács Miklós Borsa Official website Organizational website

10.
Television
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Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome, or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. The term can refer to a set, a television program. Television is a medium for entertainment, education, news, politics, gossip. Television became available in experimental forms in the late 1920s. After World War II, a form of black-and-white TV broadcasting became popular in the United States and Britain, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses. During the 1950s, television was the medium for influencing public opinion. In the mid-1960s, color broadcasting was introduced in the US, for many reasons, the storage of television and video programming now occurs on the cloud. At the end of the first decade of the 2000s, digital television transmissions greatly increased in popularity, another development was the move from standard-definition television to high-definition television, which provides a resolution that is substantially higher. HDTV may be transmitted in various formats, 1080p, 1080i, in 2013, 79% of the worlds households owned a television set. Most TV sets sold in the 2000s were flat-panel, mainly LEDs, major manufacturers announced the discontinuation of CRT, DLP, plasma, and even fluorescent-backlit LCDs by the mid-2010s. In the near future, LEDs are gradually expected to be replaced by OLEDs, also, major manufacturers have announced that they will increasingly produce smart TVs in the mid-2010s. Smart TVs with integrated Internet and Web 2.0 functions became the dominant form of television by the late 2010s, Television signals were initially distributed only as terrestrial television using high-powered radio-frequency transmitters to broadcast the signal to individual television receivers. Alternatively television signals are distributed by cable or optical fiber, satellite systems and. Until the early 2000s, these were transmitted as analog signals, a standard television set is composed of multiple internal electronic circuits, including a tuner for receiving and decoding broadcast signals. A visual display device which lacks a tuner is correctly called a video monitor rather than a television, the word television comes from Ancient Greek τῆλε, meaning far, and Latin visio, meaning sight. The Anglicised version of the term is first attested in 1907 and it was. formed in English or borrowed from French télévision. In the 19th century and early 20th century, other. proposals for the name of a technology for sending pictures over distance were telephote. The abbreviation TV is from 1948, the use of the term to mean a television set dates from 1941

11.
Once Upon a Time (TV series)
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Once Upon a Time is an American fairy tale television series that premiered on October 23,2011, on ABC. It follows the heroine Emma Swan as she protects the town and its inhabitants from various curses and villains, Most episodes involve flashbacks telling its numerous characters stories. The show airs Sundays at 8,00 pm ET/7,00 pm CT and it borrows elements and characters from the Disney-franchise and popular Western literature, folklore, and fairy tales. Once Upon a Time was created by Lost and Tron, Legacy writers Edward Kitsis, a spin-off series, Once Upon a Time in Wonderland, consisting of 13 episodes, premiered on October 10,2013, and concluded on April 3,2014. On March 3,2016, ABC renewed the series for a sixth season, the residents of Storybrooke, where Regina is its mayor, have lived an unchanging existence for 28 years, unaware of their own lack of aging. As such, she is the person who can break the curse. Henry is also the son of Regina, providing a source of both conflict and common interest between the two women. The other, set in the present day, follows a pattern with a different outcome. The first season premiered on October 23,2011, the Evil Queen interrupts the wedding of Snow White and Prince Charming to announce that she will cast a curse on everyone that will leave her with the only happy ending. The majority of the fairy characters are transported to the town of Storybrooke, Maine. The second season premiered on September 30,2012, despite Emma having broken the curse, the characters are not returned to the fairy tale world, and must deal with their own dual identities. With the introduction of magic into Storybrooke by Mr, the third season premiered on September 29,2013. It was split into two volumes, with the first eleven episodes running from September to December 2013, and the half from March to May 2014. In the first volume, the characters travel to Neverland to rescue Henry. Their increasing power struggle with Pan continues in Storybrooke, which results in the complete reversal of the original curse. All the characters are returned to their worlds, leaving Emma. Once again, Emma is needed to save her family, the fourth season premiered on September 28,2014. It was also split into two volumes, with the first eleven episodes running from September to December 2014, and the half from March to May 2015

12.
The Killing (U.S. TV series)
–
The Killing is an American crime drama television series that premiered on April 3,2011, on AMC, based on the Danish television series Forbrydelsen. The American version was developed by Veena Sud and produced by Fox Television Studios, set in Seattle, Washington, the series follows the various murder investigations by homicide detectives Sarah Linden and Stephen Holder. AMC announced the cancellation in July 2012, but picked it up for a third season after a renegotiation with Fox Television Studios. The Killing was again cancelled by AMC in September 2013, the complete fourth season was released on Netflix in all territories on August 1,2014. The season resumes the investigation into the murder and reveals secrets about the Larsen family as well as a conspiracy within the campaign race. The Larsen murder case gets closed with the discovery of those involved in it, a year after the Rosie Larsen case, Stephen Holder searches for a runaway girl and uncovers a string of murders connected to one of Sarah Lindens previous murder investigations. Linden, no longer a detective, must return to both a career and a case she had put behind her, the pilot was ordered by AMC in January 2010 and then was picked up for a full series order in August 2010. The series is filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, with scenes in season two filmed in Coquitlam, British Columbia, at Riverview Hospital. Production began on the episode on December 2,2010. The pilot is written by creator and executive producer Veena Sud and is directed by Patty Jenkins. In contrast to the original Danish series, executive producer Veena Sud explained and we are using the Danish series as a blueprint, but we are kind of diverging and creating our own world, our world of suspects and, potentially, ultimately who killed Rosie Larsen. AMC announced on July 27,2012 that the series would not be renewed for a third season, however, Fox Television Studios announced that they were attempting to shop the show to other networks. In August 2012, it was revealed that Fox Television Studios was in talks with both DirecTV and Netflix in an attempt to revive the series. In November 2012, it was confirmed that Fox Television Studios was in negotiations with Netflix to continue the series for a third season. Variety reported on November 30,2012, that the show would be returning to AMC, planning for a May 2013 debut, with production set to begin months before that. Cast members Mireille Enos and Joel Kinnaman were confirmed to return, with Veena Sud as showrunner and returning writers including executive producers Dawn Prestwich and Nicole Yorkin. On December 12,2012, it was confirmed that cast members Billy Campbell, Michelle Forbes, on January 15,2013, AMC and Fox Television Studios announced that the series had been renewed for a 12-episode third season. Production started on February 25,2013, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, AMC ultimately canceled the series after the third season in September 2013

13.
A Dal
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A Dal is the national selection process in Hungary for the Eurovision Song Contest. The contest was introduced in 2012, the contest was introduced by the Médiaszolgáltatás-támogató és Vagyonkezelő Alap, the organisers of the contest, with a different philosophy on the contest used previously. A Dal was introduced to produce a Hungarian contest, with Hungarian musical tastes being presented to a European audience, the contest is also an open one, with all information of the songs being revealed in the selection process. The selected songs in the contest are shown to the Hungarian public through a number of special shows and it includes three heats, two semi-finals, and then a final. Ten songs compete in heat, with six moving on to the semi-finals. Nine songs compete in each semi-final, four songs from each semi-final move on to the final, two advancing due to the jury and two due to the public. The final winner is selected through two rounds of voting, the first round selects the top four songs out of the eight finalists, the first round uses only the jury and the second round uses only the public. The first winner of A Dal was the band Compact Disco with the song Sound of Our Hearts, at the Eurovision Song Contest 2012, the group qualified to the final, and placing 24th in the final with 19 points. The most successful A Dal winner is András Kállay-Saunders and his song Running, at the Eurovision Song Contest 2014, Kállay-Saunders qualified for the final and later placed 5th with 143 points, earning Hungarys second best placement ever and only top five finish since 1994. Hungary in the Eurovision Song Contest

14.
Eurovision Song Contest
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The competition was based upon the existing Sanremo Music Festival held in Italy since 1951. The contest has been broadcast every year for sixty years, since its inauguration in 1956 and it is also one of the most watched non-sporting events in the world, with audience figures having been quoted in recent years as anything between 100 million and 600 million internationally. Eurovision has also been broadcast outside Europe to several countries that do not compete, such as the United States, Canada, New Zealand, and China. An exception was made in 2015, when Australia was allowed to compete as a guest entrant as part of the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the event. In November 2015, the EBU announced that Australia was invited back as a participant in the 2016 contest after their success in 2015, following their success again in 2016, Australia will compete again in 2017. Since 2000, the contest has also been broadcast over the Internet via the Eurovision website, winning the Eurovision Song Contest provides a short-term boost to the winning artists career, but rarely results in long-term success. Notable exceptions are ABBA, Bucks Fizz and Céline Dion, all of whom launched successful careers after their wins. Ireland holds the record for the highest number of wins, having won the contest seven times—including four times in five years in 1992,1993,1994 and 1996. Under the current voting system, the highest scoring winner is Jamala of Ukraine who won the 2016 contest in Stockholm, under the previous system, in place from 1975 to 2015, the highest scoring winner is Alexander Rybak of Norway with 387 points in 2009. Satellite television did not exist, and the Eurovision Network comprised a terrestrial microwave network, the name Eurovision was first used in relation to the EBUs network by British journalist George Campey in the London Evening Standard in 1951. The first contest was held in the town of Lugano, Switzerland, seven countries participated—each submitting two songs, for a total of 14. This was the only contest in more than one song per country was performed, since 1957. The 1956 contest was won by the host nation, Switzerland, the programme was first known as the Eurovision Grand Prix. This Grand Prix name was adopted by Denmark, Norway and the Francophone countries, the Grand Prix has since been dropped and replaced with Concours in French, but not in Danish or Norwegian. The Eurovision network is used to carry news and sports programmes internationally. However, in the minds of the public, the name Eurovision is most closely associated with the Song Contest, a country as a participant is represented by one television broadcaster from that country, typically, but not always, that countrys national public broadcasting organisation. The programme is hosted by one of the participant countries, during this programme, after all the songs have been performed, the countries then proceed to cast votes for the other countries songs, nations are not allowed to vote for their own song. At the end of the programme, the song with the most points is declared as the winner, the programme is invariably opened by one or more presenters, welcoming viewers to the show

15.
Eastern Bloc media and propaganda
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Eastern Bloc media and propaganda was controlled directly by each countrys Communist party, which controlled the state media, censorship and propaganda organs. Circumvention of dissemination controls occurred to some degree through samizdat and limited reception of western radio, bolsheviks took power following the Russian Revolution of 1917. During the Russian Civil War that followed, coinciding with the Red Armys entry into Minsk in 1919, after more conflict, the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic was declared in 1920. In 1922, the Russian SFSR, Ukraine SSR, Byelorussian SSR, at the end of World War II, all eastern and central European capitals were controlled by the Soviet Union. These included eastern Poland, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, part of eastern Finland, by 1945, these additional annexed countries totaled approximately 180,000 further square miles, or slightly more than the area of West Germany, East Germany and Austria combined. The Federal Peoples Republic of Yugoslavia was also considered part of the Bloc. Throughout the Eastern Bloc, both in the Soviet Socialist Republic and elsewhere, Russia was given prominence, and referred to as the naibolee vıdayuşayasya naciya, the Soviets encouraged the admiration of everything Russian and the reproduction of their own Communist structural hierarchies in each of the Bloc states. Initially, Stalin directed systems that rejected Western institutional characteristics of market economies, multi-party governance, the Soviets mandated expropriation and etatization of private property. Communist regimes in the Eastern Bloc saw even marginal groups of intellectuals as a potential threat because of the basis underlying Communist power. In the Eastern Bloc, the owned and operated the means of mass communication. The ruling authorities viewed media as a tool, and widely practiced censorship to exercise almost full control over the information dissemination. The press in Communist countries was an organ of, and completely reliant on, until the late 1980s, all Eastern Bloc radio and television organizations were state-owned, while print media was usually owned by political organizations, mostly by the local Communist party. Youth newspapers and magazines were owned by youth organizations affiliated with the communist party, the governing body in the Soviet Union was USSR State Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting, or USSR Gosteleradio, which was in charge both of Soviet TV and Radio in the Soviet Union. The Communist party exercised control over the media and was responsible for censorship, media served as an important form of control over information and thus of society. Eastern Bloc authorities viewed the dissemination and portrayal of knowledge as vital to the survival of Communism and thus stifled alternative concepts, several state Communist Party newspapers were published. Radio was initially the dominant medium, with television being considered low on the priority list when compiling Five-year plans during the industrialisation of the 1950s, strict censorship existed in the Eastern Bloc, though it was at times circumvented by those engaging in samizdat. Censorship institutions in the countries of the Bloc were organized differently, for example, censorship in Poland was clearly identified whereas it was loosely structured, but no less efficient, in Hungary. Throughout the Bloc, the ministries of culture held a tight rein on writers

16.
TVARK
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TVARK is a website that archives images, sound and video clips which illustrate British television presentation history. Content includes idents, programme promotions, opening title sequences, public information films, commercials, daily start-ups and closedowns, break bumpers, each item has a short written analysis. Programme clips are grouped into such as soaps, game shows, quiz shows, comedy, drama. Files are now available in the Adobe Flash format, TVARK was founded in the dial-up era, as a one-man hobby site called Television Ark on 8 November 1998. At that time, there were just a few pages containing a handful of clips that were easy to download but were smaller to look at than an average postage stamp. Over the years, the clips and images grew in size, the site expanded and was run entirely as a hobby by an eight-man team, with updates and additions made whenever time permitted. In December 2005, they absorbed the remains of SchoolsTV. com, the site is dedicated to the founders late mother, Valerie Hackett. During the summer of 2006, it was announced on their page that they were having a summer break. Unfortunately, higher resolution copies of previous clips were never made, the site relaunched on 25 December 2006 with very limited content. The relaunch saw a few better quality clips put into a new system in an effort to prevent hotlinking. This proved very unpopular as clips took much longer to view, in addition, the relaunch saw the addition of a semi-transparent watermark to new clips added to the site, in order to discourage web snatching of clips. Despite this, clips from TVARK have appeared on other sites, in July 2009, TVARK announced the end of RealMedia used on the site, with videos now using Flash streaming in H. 264/MPEG-4 AVC. The service called TVARK iNTERACTIVE will include user accounts, commenting on videos and it was decided in late December 2005 by TVARKs owners to close its forums. The forum was scheduled to close on 31 December 2005. A new forum, The TV Lounge, was set up by the former forum staff as a separate venture and this forum closed in early 2007, and was replaced by The TV Shelter, which had most of the members from both its predecessors. The TV Shelter closed on 8 April 2014, but remains open to visitors, another new forum, The TV Lounge, was established on 30 July 2014 as an initial collaboration with two former members of The TV Shelter. The name was intended as a tribute to the communitys heritage, since the closure of the TVARK forums, TVARK continues to operate as before, with a new guest book being established in its place. Since mid-2016 updates have ceased on the site, however, its social media pages, notably Facebook, are being regularly updated with new material

17.
Television in Hungary
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Television in Hungary was introduced in 1957. Transmission in color was introduced to Hungarian television for the first time in 1971, Hungary had only one television channel until 1973. It was only in the mid 1990s when private and commercial broadcasting was introduced to Hungary, analogue broadcasting in Hungary was phased out in two phases that were completed on July 31 and October 31,2013, respectively. M1 TV2 RTL Klub plus Local channels M1 M2 Duna Duna World Duna TV, 0-24, National main channel of Hungary, M1, 0-24, News channel, since March 15,2015. It was the main channel before, started in 1957. M2 / Petőfi TV, 6-20, Kids channel since December 22,2012, 20-6, m3, 0-24, Retro channel started in late 2013. M4 Sport, 0-24, Sport channel started in 2015, m5, 0-24, Started on August 18,2016 as sport channel, because of the Rio Olympics 2016 and Rio Paralympics 2016, as cultural channel since September 18,2016. Duna World, International channel of Hungary, since April 16,2006, M6, Planned as a music channel. M3D, Planned as a 3D channel, m4K, Planned as a 4K channel. RTL Klub, The most popular channel in Hungary. Cool, Film+, Film+2, RTL II, RTL+, Sorozat+, RTL Spike, premium series and films channels Muzsika TV, TV2, One of main commercial channel in Hungary. Chili TV, FEM3, Humor+, Izaura TV, KiWi TV, PRIME, Mozi+, Super TV2, Spíler TV, premium series, films and sport channels Zenebutik, Duna World M1 started broadcasting in 1957. M4 Sport started broadcasting in 2015, m5 - TV2 started broadcasting in October 1997. RTL Klub started broadcasting in October 1997, RTL II Super TV2 M6 Heti TV starts on 1

18.
TV2 (Hungary)
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TV2 is a Hungarian commercial television channel operating since 1997, providing a large variety of programming. It was owned by ProSiebenSat.1 Media SE until early 2014 when it was sold to two investors and it is rivaling with RTL Klub for the first place in Hungarian television ratings. D

19.
RTL Group
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RTL Group is a European entertainment company. It has interests in 59 television and 31 radio stations in 10 countries and it is majority-owned by German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. Its shares are quoted on the Xetra stock exchange in Germany. It is one of the leading producers of television content, such as game shows and soaps, including The X Factor, Pop Idol, Good Times, Bad Times, The Price Is Right, Family Feud. RTL originally stood for Radio Television Lëtzebuerg, Radio Télévision Luxembourg or Radio Television Luxemburg, the RTL Group began in 1924 with a single radio station operated from a private home in Luxembourg. In 1931 CLR or Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Radiodiffusion, which operated Radio Luxembourg, was founded, CLR was one of 23 founding broadcasting organisations of the European Broadcasting Union in 1950. RTL Group is still an EBU-member under a name, CLT Multi Media. In 1954 it was renamed CLT or Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Télédiffusion, in 1997 it merged with Hamburg-based UFA Film- und Fernseh-GmbH, a subsidiary of global media conglomerate Bertelsmann to create CLT-UFA. In 2000 it merged with Pearson TV and became RTL Group, as of January 2014, Bertelsmann owns a 75. 1% stake in the publicly listed company. One of the reasons for RTLs early success was that Luxembourg allowed commercial radio and this flexibility enabled RTL to transmit to other countries in their own languages. Many British radio presenters began their careers on Radio Luxembourg before moving to the BBC, Radio Luxembourg relaunched in November 2005 and is currently available online at www. radioluxembourg. co. uk and on Digital Radio Mondiale. A sister station, Atlantic 252 was a radio station jointly run by RTL Group. It ceased broadcasting live on December 20,2001, RTL Television has been operating HbbTV services since 2010. In August 2013, RTL announced a joint venture for the Asian market with CBS Corporation, RTL CBS Entertainment will be the first channel, expected to launch in September. Another channel, RTL CBS Extreme is announced for early 2014, the joint venture operates under the newly founded RTL CBS Asia Entertainment Network. In 2014 RTL Group bought a controlling interest in StyleHaul, a YouTube fashion platform, RTL raised its stake in StyleHaul to 93. 6% for $US107 million. Media Capital, a Portuguese media group was sold to Prisa on 6 February 2007, subsequently, RTLs 33% share in TVI was transferred to Prisa. Five, a UK TV channel was sold to Richard Desmonds Northern & Shell on 23 July 2010, alpha TV, a Greek channel with panhellenic transmission

20.
RTL Klub
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RTL Klub is a television station owned by RTL Group and broadcast in Hungary. It was one of Hungarys first commercial TV channels and was three days after the main rival TV2 to begin broadcasting. Since its start, RTL Klub has focused to gain viewers from the urban population, the channel airs programs mostly for a younger audience. RTL and TV2 aired two similar major reality series simultaneously, while TV2 purchased the rights of Big Brother, RTL Klub produced its own series called Való Világ. Való Világ had three seasons between 2002 and 2004, since its second season the show has been much more successful than the rival Big Brother. Millionaire is off the schedule from September 2007 after seven years and has replaced by A Széf, from the fall-winter season of 2005–2006, RTL Klub has started to broadcast popular American TV shows like Lost. The first episode of Lost had almost 2 million viewers, the next year Prison Break started with almost 1.6 million. Nowadays a TV show at prime time can reach 1–1.5 million viewers, in season 2006–2007 Prison Break was the most watched American series in Hungary. From the fall season of 2007, RTL Klub has launched two new formats with great success, poker Face ran like a tournament for six weeks with an average 38–42% share. The other new show was Csillag születik, the Hungarian version of the RTL Got Talent format, poker Face ended with the super final at 18 December and the time slot of it will be occupied by the new game show A Széf. RTL Klub was the only licensed broadcaster of Formula One in Hungary from 2001 until 2011, after 10 years RTL decided not to renew the licence for Formula 1. The reason was that wanted to concentrate mainly for the prime time programs because of the shrinking advertising market. The RTL Klub has been the only licensed broadcaster of Domino Day in Hungary, from 2010, RTL Klub started with 2 winning formats. First of all the channel after 6 years absence successfully relaunched the Való Világ franchise, vV4 ran with a 40% SHR among 18-49 demographic. Secondly they purchased the rights of television talent show The X Factor, the show ran with a 50% SHR among 18-49 demographic which is really high on the Hungarian television market. The Factor crashed the competitor talent show on TV2 so Megasztár left the slot of The X Factor after a few episodes. Because of the success of both format, RTL Klub renewed both show for the 5th and 2nd season respectively and they started in the fall season of 2011. Barátok közt, the most watched domestically produced television soap of Hungary, the show started in the fall of 1998, one year after the foundation of RTL Klub

21.
RTL II (Hungary)
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RTLII is a Hungarian commercial television channel, owned by RTL Group. It is rivaling with Super TV2 and Viasat3, the channel launched on 1 October 2012. In September 2011, RTL Klub started a project named RTL2 to launch a new RTL channel in Hungary. In April 2012, it was announced, that RTL will launch RTLII in September or in October with I Love Gjoni, Who Wants to be a Millionaire. and Heti Hetes. In July 2012, something started to promote on RTL Klub with these sentences, The Life is Nice, The Sky is Blue, The Grass is Green, but it was not mentioned that these ads are advertising something. In September 2012, it was revealed, that these ads advertised RTL2, Heti Hetes - weekly talk-show about current affairs Vacsoracsata Segítség, bajban vagyok. Reality series Péntektől péntekig - weekly tabloid magazine I Love Gjoni reality series Egy este, - concert show RTL Group RTL Klub Cool TV

22.
RTL II
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RTL II is a commercial, privately owned, general-interest German television channel. In 2014 the channel had a share of 3, 9% among viewers aged over three. RTL II started broadcasting on 6 March 1993 at 6,09 a. m. with the movie Ein reizender Fratz, the channel is operated by RTL2 Fernsehen GmbH & Co. KG. which was founded in 1992 and employs approximately 210 people, since June 2014 its Managing Director has been Andreas Bartl. The company is owned by, RTL Group S. A. Heinrich Bauer Verlag KG. Recent efforts to move further towards quality programming with science magazines and documentaries have met with an indifferent audience response, in addition to its own newscast formats, the channel commissions independent producers to create its own productions, which it airs in the afternoons. In the afternoon, the channel now features its own docu soap. During access prime-time RTL II airs the soaps Köln 50667 and Berlin – Tag & Nacht on weekdays, movies on Saturdays, among its prime-time line-up the channels own docu soap productions such as Die Geissens – Eine schrecklich glamouröse Familie and Frauentausch are particularly successful. Various US shows such as Game of Thrones and The Walking Dead have been, and continue to be and its late-night line-up also features US series such as Autopsy – Mysteriöse Todesfälle and Flashpoint. Movies also account for a share of the channels prime-time. In addition to the number of Hollywood movies, RTL II also broadcasts Indian Bollywood movies in this slot since 2004. RTL II has offered the largest anime content of all free-to-air German-language TV channels and it aired about over 80 Anime series since the channel and also broadcast cartoons. On weekdays, RTL II also airs an anime afternoon under their children/youth banner Pokito, following tensions with media authorities, RTL IIs standards and practices department is believed to be especially sensitive about childrens programming. As a consequence, the channel cuts scenes in series like Detective Conan, InuYasha, One Piece and Naruto. In February 2013 RTL II announced that its Sunday morning childrens programme would be discontinued as of 21 April 2013, a separate online channel for anime was launched in April. - Popstars in 2000 was the first casting show aired on German television, - Jack Point Jack in 2003 was the first interactive movie on German television. Due to its great success Indian movies have been aired on the channel ever since. Previously, Bollywood movies had been broadcast in Hindi with German subtitles on ARTE, slump Dragon Ball Dragon Ball Z Dragon Ball GT Flint the Time Detective Ganbare, Kickers

23.
Cool TV
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Cool TV is a Hungarian television channel, which migrated to Romania after being threatened with closure by Hungarian authorities. The channel was launched in 2004 in the Hungarian language, originally Cool TV had the target audience of urban 15–29 year-olds who love music, externals, clothes, trendy lifestyle and extravagance. The channel was launched in 2004 and was available in 2.5 million households, the channel broadcast 24 hours a day and aired reruns of series that RTL Klub originally purchased or produced as well as series targeting todays youth. These talkshows have now been cancelled, in 2009, Cool TV purchased the airing rights of the successful Hungarian version of Whose line is it anyway. From August 30,2010 Cool TV changed image and was rebranded, since then the channel airs mostly crime procedurals including the CSI franchise, Bones, Castle, Cobra 11, Criminal Minds, The Mentalist, and others. The move was successful because as of July 2012 Cool TV is the third most watched commercial TV channel, and most watched cable channel in Hungary beating main competitor Viasat 3

24.
The Walt Disney Company
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The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney, is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California. It is the second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue. Disney was founded on October 16,1923 – by brothers Walt Disney, the company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio and then Walt Disney Productions. Taking on its current name in 1986, it expanded its operations and also started divisions focused upon theater, radio, music, publishing. In addition, Disney has since created corporate divisions in order to more mature content than is typically associated with its flagship family-oriented brands. The company is best known for the products of its studio, Walt Disney Studios. Disneys other three divisions are Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, Disney Media Networks, and Disney Consumer Products. The company has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since May 6,1991, Mickey Mouse, an early and well-known cartoon creation of the company, is a primary symbol and mascot for Disney. In early 1923, Kansas City, Missouri, animator Walt Disney created a film entitled Alices Wonderland. After the bankruptcy in 1923 of his previous firm, Laugh-O-Gram Studios, Disney moved to Hollywood to join his brother, Walt and Roy Disney formed Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio that same year. More animated films followed after Alice, in January 1926, with the completion of the Disney studio on Hyperion Street, the Disney Brothers Studios name was changed to the Walt Disney Studio. The distributor owned Oswald, so Disney only made a few hundred dollars, Disney completed 26 Oswald shorts before losing the contract in February 1928, due to a legal loophole, when Winklers husband Charles Mintz took over their distribution company. After failing to take over the Disney Studio, Mintz hired away four of Disneys primary animators to start his own animation studio, Snappy Comedies. In 1928, to recover from the loss of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, Disney came up with the idea of a character named Mortimer while on a train headed to California. The mouse was later renamed Mickey Mouse and starred in several Disney produced films, ub Iwerks refined Disneys initial design of Mickey Mouse. Disneys first sound film Steamboat Willie, a cartoon starring Mickey, was released on November 18,1928 through Pat Powers distribution company and it was the first Mickey Mouse sound cartoon released, but the third to be created, behind Plane Crazy and The Gallopin Gaucho. Disney used Pat Powers Cinephone system, created by Powers using Lee De Forests Phonofilm system, Steamboat Willie premiered at B. S. Mosss Colony Theater in New York City, now The Broadway Theatre. Disneys Plane Crazy and The Galloping Gaucho were then retrofitted with synchronized sound tracks, Disney continued to produce cartoons with Mickey Mouse and other characters, and began the Silly Symphonies series with Columbia Pictures signing on as Symphonies distributor in August 1929

25.
Disney XD
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As of February 2015, Disney XD is available to approximately 80,120,000 pay television households in the United States. Disney XD was launched on February 13,2009 at 12,00 a. m, Eastern Time, with the Phineas and Ferb episode Dude, Were Getting the Band Back Together. The channel debuted its first original series, Aaron Stone, at 7,00 p. m. Eastern Time that day, new animated series included in the channels initial lineup were Kid vs. Kat and Jimmy Two-Shoes. Many of the channels programs – particularly animated series – previously aired on Toon Disney, mainly as part of the Jetix program block, the channels first original television movie, Skyrunners, premiered on November 27,2009. On April 1,2012, Disney XD launched a block called Marvel Universe, in mid-2012, Disney created Disney Shows, a YouTube channel that hosts episodes of Disney Channel and Disney XD series and shorts. Disney XDs schedule consists largely of animated and live-action programs aimed at pre-teens, Disney XD content is a mixture original series as well as programs inherited from sister network, The Disney Channel. Often, these shows are televised in the last two minutes of the program, with the exception of the Disney XD Shortstop, or following the ending of a movie. New episodes of animated series are usually aired on Monday nights. Eastern Time with double features airing a few times a week, Marvel Universe – Marvel Universe is a block of animated series produced by Marvel Animation that airs Sundays from 8,00 to 9,30 a. m. Eastern Time, which resulted from The Walt Disney Companys 2009 acquisition of Marvel Entertainment, the block launched on April 1,2012, with the premiere of Ultimate Spider-Man, followed by returning series The Avengers, Earths Mightiest Heroes. It also features 5 short series using short-form animated and live-action interstitials, programs currently featured in the block are Ultimate Spider-Man, Avengers Assemble, and Guardians of the Galaxy. Disney XDs international channels in Europe, the Middle East and Africa launched Marvel-supplied blocks in the summer 2012, the announced Guardians of the Galaxy animated series based on the film joined the block in 2015. Anime Block – a block showcasing various anime programs featured on the channel, such as rest of the Pokémon seasons, Beyblade, Burst and it launched on February 25,2017, and runs from 8,30 to 10,00 a. m. Eastern Time, which debuted on July 13,2013, programs featured in the block include Packages from Planet X, Camp Lakebottom, Max Steel, Randy Cunningham, 9th Grade Ninja, and Phineas and Ferb Musical Cliptastic Countdown. Disney XD, similarly born of a merger between Jetix and Toon Disney, is available around the world, Disney Channel Toon Disney Jetix Official website Disney XD Press

26.
Cartoon Network (Central and Eastern Europe)
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Cartoon Network CEE is a childrens channel broadcasting to people in Czech Republic, in Hungary, in Moldova, in Romania and in Slovakia. The channel was launched along with the Romanian and Polish feed, the channel is owned by Turner Broadcasting System Europe. The channel also carried a Toonami programming block, on April 1,2015, Cartoon Network started broadcasting 24 hours a day in Hungary. Hungary was the last country to get Cartoon Network timeshared with TCM, on August 8,2016, Cartoon Network Central Eastern Europe started to air Check It 4.0 bumpers and idents. Over the Garden Wall The Powerpuff Girls Regular Show Steven Universe Supernoobs Teen Titans Go, yogi Bear Cartoon Network Cinema Cartoon Toon Toon Turner Broadcasting System Hungary Boomerang Official Hungarian Site Official Romanian Site

27.
Boomerang (Central and Eastern Europe)
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Boomerang Central and Eastern Europe is a television channel featuring classic cartoons, notably from the Hanna-Barbera and Warner Bros. Animation library, and selected cartoons from the Cartoon Network Studios library, since November 2014, it has been broadcasting on all providers in the Czech Republic, the Netherlands and the Flanders region of Belgium. In the Netherlands and Flanders, it is offered with a Dutch soundtrack as well, all Boomerang programming is available in English with soundtracks in Hungarian, Polish, Romanian, Dutch and Russian. A Pup Named Scooby-Doo Baby Looney Tunes Be Cool, Scooby-Doo, bunnicula Duck Dodgers The Garfield Show Inspector Gadget The Jetsons The Jungle Bunch Krypto the Superdog LazyTown Looney Tunes Mr. Grizzy and The Lemmings Shaggy & Scooby-Doo Get a Clue. It aired weekday mornings and early afternoons before the Cartoonito branding was phased out entirely in 2014, shows that aired on the block were, Baby Looney Tunes Bananas in Pajamas Cartoonito Tales Firehouse Tales Gerald McBoing Boing Jelly Jamm Krypto the Superdog LazyTown Paddington Bear The Ha. Hairies Boomerang around the world Cartoon Network Cartoon Network Cartoon Network CNN International Hungarian Official Site Polish Official Site Romanian Official Site Russian Official Site

28.
Viacom
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Viacom, Inc. is an American media conglomerate with interests primarily in cinema and cable television. It is currently the sixth largest broadcasting and cable company in terms of revenue—behind Comcast, The Walt Disney Company, Time Warner, and CBS Corporation. Voting control of Viacom is held by National Amusements, Inc. a privately owned theater company controlled by the billionaire Sumner Redstone, Redstone also holds – via National Amusements – a controlling stake in CBS Corporation. The current incarnation of Viacom was created on December 31,2005 as a spin-off from the incarnation of Viacom. CBS Corporation currently retains control of the broadcasting, TV production, subscription pay television and publishing assets. Predecessor firms of the original Viacom included Gulf+Western and Westinghouse Electric Corporation, in addition, the company was facing issues after MTV was banned from producing any more Super Bowl halftime shows after the Super Bowl Halftime Show controversy of 2004. Redstone was set to retire in the future, and a split was seen as a creative solution to the matter of replacing him. A new company, the present Viacom, was created and was headed by Freston and it comprises BET Networks, MTV Networks, and Paramount Pictures Corporation. In June 2005, Viacom announced its purchase of Neopets, a virtual pet website, along with GameTrailers, GoCityKids and that December, Paramount announced it would acquire DreamWorks. On February 1,2006, Paramount completed its acquisition of DreamWorks. On April 24, Viacom obtained Xfire, in August, just hours before announcing its most recent quarterly earnings, Viacom announced that it had acquired Atom Entertainment for $200 million. In September, Viacom acquired game developer Harmonix for $175 million, in February 2007, Viacom ordered leaked copyrighted video clips be taken off the videosharing service YouTube for copyright reasons. On February 21, Viacom publicly announced they would be offering free access to their own material through Silicon Valleys distributor Joost thanks to a thorough content licensing deal. All future Viacom content for India and new ventures such as a Hindi entertainment channel, on December 19,2007, Viacom signed a five-year, $500 million contract with Microsoft that included content sharing and advertisement. The deal allowed Microsoft to license many shows from Viacom owned cable television and film studios for use on Xbox Live, the deal also made Viacom a preferred publisher partner for casual game development and distribution through MSN and Windows. On the advertisement side of the deal, Microsofts Atlas ad-serving division became the provider of previously unsold advertising inventory on Viacom owned web sites. Also, Microsoft purchased a large amount of advertising on Viacom owned broadcasts, finally, Microsoft will also collaborate on promotions and sponsorships for MTV and BET award shows, two Viacom owned cable networks. On December 4,2008, Viacom announced layoffs of 850 personnel, at the end of the year, Time Warner Cable and Viacoms MTV Networks could not come to terms for the renewal of any Viacom channel beyond the end of year

Nickelodeon (often shortened to Nick) is an American basic cable and satellite television network launched on December …

Guest appearance of mascots including characters from Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle, SpongeBob SquarePants and Paw Patrol from Nickelodeon during the Nickelodeon Slime Cup SG event held in City Square Mall, Singapore in July, 2017

Nickelodeon Studios as viewed from the Hard Rock Cafe in March 2004 before it closed.

1080i (also known as Full HD or BT.709) is an abbreviation referring to a combination of frame resolution and scan …

An example frame of poorly deinterlaced video. Despite the fact that most TV transmissions are interlaced, plasma and LCD display technologies are progressively scanned. Consequently, flat-panel TVs convert an interlaced source to progressive scan for display, which can have an adverse impact on motion portrayal on inexpensive models.