wget with username and password: access password protected sites

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Introduction
wget is a wonderful tool, specially when you need to download files on remote servers / machines. On remote computers you do not have access to the GUI, and if you want to download a file in the remote filesystem from the Internet your best option is: The command line, and there you have two nice options curl and wget.
Today we'll see how to use wget when you need provide username and password to download a file.
How to use wget with username and password
There are some sites that ask you to provide a login identity in order to access the restricted section of its filesystem.
The
(HowTos)