Demonstrators in Bakersfield, Calif. support the religious freedom claims of the businesses seeking to avoid the requirement to offer employees contraception coverage in health insurance.
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Thanks to the Hobby Lobby case, it's a brave new world for businesses and others that want to escape government rules by invoking claims of "religious freedom."

So, let's take a little quiz. Listed below are 10 scenarios where religious freedom claims might be used to avoid complying with laws that apply to everybody else.

Five of them are real cases that courts have dealt with; five are made up (at least as far as I know). Can you tell which is which?

A Mormon business owner is fighting a government order to rehire a non-Mormon employee who was fired because he drinks coffee at home, in violation of the Mormon prohibition against consuming caffeine.

A business owner filed suit, claiming that paying social security taxes for his employees violates his religious beliefs.

A member of a Christian-inspired militia who sold guns as a business cited religious freedom in fighting charges after being caught failing to conduct required background checks on sales to fellow militia members. (Of course, the case involved Second Amendment claims, as well.)

A business owner claimed the right to refuse service to black customers because it violates his religious beliefs.

A follower of Ayn Rand's anti-government philosophy of "Objectivism" claimed it is a religion that exempts him from the federal law regulating development in wetlands.

A profit-making business run by religious owners claimed its right to religious freedom should exempt it from paying workers the minimum wage.

A Christian adherent of the "Prosperity Gospel" fought insider trader charges against his hedge fund on the grounds that the restriction limits his ability to acquire the riches that Christ wants him to accumulate.

A recreational gymnasium, open to the public but run by a religiously-affiliated organization, won the right to fire employees who do not follow its religion.

A suit was filed against a bank, asking the court to stop the bank from requiring female Muslim customers to remove the veil covering their face, because banks should accommodate their customers' religious practices.

A state prison lost its attempt to block a lawsuit claiming it did not allow religious observances by certain inmates, including a minister of the white supremacist Church of Jesus Christ Christian, a Wiccan and a Satanist.

Answers: The even numbered ones are all real cases. The odd ones are, to my knowledge, made up – but we'll see what happens, now that the Supreme Court has decided that claims of "religious freedom" extend to the operations of profit-making businesses.

It will be difficult for courts to ward off suits from what seem like fringe religious claims by businesses, because the Supreme Court has long held that the courts are not to pass judgment on what qualifies as a legitimate "religion" that is entitled to legal protection.

For the legal nerds out there, here is more about the five cases:

2. United States v. Lee. This 1982 case was filed by an Amish man, running a sole proprietor business with a couple of Amish employees, all of whom claimed Social Security is contrary to their religion. The Amish lost the suit, but Congress later created an exemption for religious business owners in cases like this, provided the employees agree to waive Social Security coverage.

4. Newman v. Piggie Park Enterprises, Inc. In the case, dating from 1966, the business and its owner admitted to discriminating against black customers and lost on all counts, including the religious freedom argument.

6. Tony and Susan Alamo Foundation v. Secretary of Labor. The foundation ran a business that employed recovering addicts and others, without pay, as part of their religiously-inspired rehabilitation. Nonetheless, in 1985, the courts held the foundation's business operation is covered by minimum wage laws.

8. Corporation of Presiding Bishop v. Amos. Ruling in 1987, the court said the Mormon gym, despite being a secular activity, qualified for the religious exemption in US law that allows churches to discriminate against non-believers.

10. Cutter v. Wilkinson. The Ohio state prison system claimed the white supremacist Christian, Wiccan and Satanist inmates had no legal grounds under federal law for suing, but in 2005, the prison lost that argument and had to continue defending itself in the lawsuit.

Matt Zencey is Deputy Opinion Editor of PennLive and The Patriot-News. Email mzencey@pennlive.com and on Twitter @MattZencey.