The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) encourages grant applications for research on autism and
autism spectrum disorders. This announcement is made together with 5 other components of the National Institutes of Health
(NIH).*

Autism and autism spectrum disorders (which consist of five disorders: autistic disorder, Rett's disorder, childhood disintegrative
disorder, Asperger's disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified) are complex disorders that are
generally life-long, and affect multiple aspects of development, learning, and adaptation in the community. The causes of
these disorders are poorly understood, but may include genetic, metabolic, immunologic, or infectious or other environmental
influences.

Potential areas of research interest include: epidemiology, screening, early identification and diagnosis, genetic studies,
brain mechanisms, communication skills, pharmacogenomic studies, cognitive neuroscience, psychosocial (behavioral) interventions,
pharmacological and other biological interventions, and support and rehabilitative services across the lifespan--including
adulthood and the transition to adulthood.