REVIEWS

THE BIG STICK

THE DWELLER ON THE THRESHOLD. ROBERT HICHENS. Methuen. 6"s."

Mr Hichens once wrote "Flames." This was a pretty powerful book. To-day
(tempted, as I suppose, by a heavy bribe, for he is an artist in his way) he gives us this
book with a title borrowed, not from Lytton, whom he has obviously not read, but from some
eighteenth-hand source, and contents borrowed from his own "Flames." Hence a
tedious novel,

The above method of filling space I took from Rabelais. Mr Hichens' method is just as
obvious.

PANURGE.

MYSTICIAM. EVELYN UNDERHILL. Methuen. 15"s." net.

This lengthy treatise upon the simplest of subjects is more free from pedantry and
theological bias than was perhaps to be expected. It is very complete in its way as
regards Christian mysticism; but the attempt to restrict the term mysticism to Christian
mysticism must fail. It is indeed self-destructive. To exclude the authors of the
Bhagavadgita, the Voice of the Silence, Knox Om Pax, and the Tao Teh King is to exclude by
implication St. Teresa. To deny Crowley is to deny Christ. Similarly, the attempt to
define Magic in terms contrary to its tradition, is sectarian folly. I may disagree with
Huxley, but I shall not confute him by saying that he was a bigoted opponent of Evolution.

Roosevelt, in calling Thomas Paine a dirty little Atheist, when he was demonstrably a
clean tall Deist, established only the record for falsehood. Mr {160} (or Mrs or Miss?)
Evelyn Underhill does the same thing when he abuses the Magi by attributing to them the
doctrines and practices of sorcerers. And we think that his sense of awe misleads him in
one respect. The Buddha, the Christ, and He whom some of us know as Frater Perdurabo, were
all men before they became lost in the Infinity of what some call the One, others the All,
others the Naught; and their documents are accessible. These documents are of immeasurably
greater value than the lesser writings of the mediaeval saints. In fact, this word
mediaeval is of use to us in describing Evelyn Underhill's state of mind. He, she, or it
is rather narrow, vastly learned and curiously ignorant, capable of seeing far from
within, utterly incapable of seeing an inch from without, a bit of a heresy-hunter and so
on. It is clear that the mystic vision even is not his, or how could he remain sectarian?
Had he only enough imagination to think of the earth as seen from Cor Scorpionis, all such
diatribes would seem infinitely petty. We may splutter about with our little verbal
fireworks, as I am doing now; but to take it seriously! "There's nothing serious in
mortality;" God is All in All. The Universe is but a mote playing in that sunbeam;
why bother to fill 600 dull pages? Nothing is worth writing but literature. Art is the
expression of divine Truth; Mr. Underhill, being no artist, expresses only human error.
CANDLESTICK.

A most interesting and fairly able book. Mr Carrington's hysteria is thoroughly diluted
by Mr Meader, or else he has taken a little nourishment and feels better. The Vitality
book was the scream of a schoolgirl.

The "theories" of these writers are, however, too comic to discuss seriously.
One believes in "Life," a mystical entity flowing through one like a grease-spot
through a greenback; the other believes that Death is caused by a man's hypnotising
himself into the belief that it must come!

Big as is the present volume, it is necessarily far from complete. Yet I am compelled
to admit much against my will that he makes out a very strong case for the persistence of
personality after death, and its manifestation through certain mediums. Yet I think that
the "coincidence" argument is a little better than is supposed.

The point is that the failures are unrecorded. Take "pure chance" roulette
for example. Scientifically, any given run (say 500 on the red) is no more and no less
remarkable than any other given run, say R B B R R B B B R R R B B B B, etc., to 500
coups. But the one is acclaimed as a miracle, the other goes unremarked. {161}

Now in the millions of seances of the last sixty years the "evidential"
records can be counted in the fingers of one hand.

And it is not antecedently so very improbable that pure chance might dictate correct
answers in so small a proportion of cases.

Further, the spiritists have thrown upon science the task of proving a universal
negative.

If Sir Oliver Lodge, or Professor Munsterberg, or Lord Cholly Cauliflower, or Mr Upthe
Pole comes to me with a tale of unicorns in Piccadilly, I merely humour him. Munsterberg,
at least, might be dangerous.

But I should not investigate his statement, and I certainly should not claim to be able
to disprove it on "a priori" grounds.

Even in the evidential cases, there is so much room for a mixture of fraud, telepathy,
chance, and hysteria, and humanity is so cleaver at stopping chinks with putty and then
leaving the door open, that we must continue to suspend judgment.

An amusing case occurred some years ago at Cambridge. I offered to reproduce roughly
the performance of the Zancigs (which was then puzzling the foolish in London) without
preparation. A stranger to me offered to act as my "medium."

The conditions were these. The ten small cards of a suit were laid on the floor; one
was to be touched in the medium's absence and in my presence. The medium was to return and
say which it was. The rest of the company were to prevent us from communicating if they
could.

Well, they tried everything. In a minute's interview I arranged a button-touching code
with my medium, and as each new restriction was put on me I managed to invent a new code.
Shifting my pipe, coughing, arranging books, winking, altering the position of my fingers,
etc., etc., all were provided against. Then I obtained a confederate. Ultimately the grand
sceptic of all devised the following test just as I had passed the note to my medium,
"If I can't manage any of the old ways, I'll try and write down the number and put it
on the mantelpiece."

And this was the test.

The medium was to be taken from Whewell's Court (were we were) over to the Great Court
of Trinity --- well out of all hearing. I was to be left alone with the sceptic, who by
this time suspected everybody of being a confederate. He was to touch the card in my
presence and then take me away in the opposite direction. The medium was then (at a given
time) to return, and tell the card. Now it happened that in the course of general argument
about fairness, which I encouraged to enable myself to plot unnoticed in the confusion of
talk, that I had stipulated for my sceptic to write down the number that he had {162)
touched, to avoid dispute. This he agreed to; he was allowed to hide it as he chose.

I gave up all hope but in bringing off the 9 to 1 chance of my medium's being right.
The sceptic kept both eyes on me all the time; if I stirred a finger, he was up in arms. I
did keep my back to the mantelpiece, but there was no way of writing down the number.

But it was just at that point that my sceptic's magnificent brain broke down. He had
correctly argued everything so far; but then his brain said, "It is important that
Crowley shall not know where I hide the paper with the number on it: I must hide it
somewhere where he cannot see."

So instead of slipping it into one of the hundreds of books on the shelves, the hid it
behind my back, "i.e." on the mantlepiece, where it was duly found!

I must tell just one other story to the point. It throws possibly some light on one or
two of the "miracles" which Blavatzsky performed in order to disgust the more
foolish of her followers.

In June 1906 I was at Margate (God help me!), and asked my friend J_____ to lend me his
copy of Abramelin.

"Sorry!" said he. "I lent it to So-and-so, and it has not been
returned."

He forgot this conversation: I remembered it.

Staying at his house six months later, I was alone one morning and found the book,
which he "knew for a fact" to be in London sixty miles away. It was hidden by
the panel of a glass-fronted bookcase.

I hid it in the stuffing of a music-stool, led the conversation at lunch-time to
"apports," got my host to suggest my doing this very thing which he was sure I
could not do, and, in the evening, did it.

If I had been a cheat, could I have produced better evidence? My host would have sworn
that the book was in London in a house unknown to me, whose occupants were unknown to me.
He is a man of science and of most accurate and balanced judgment. One little lapse of
memory: he forgot that he had told me that the book was not in his shelves; another little
lapse of memory: he forgot where the book was; and there is your miracle!

Now for my constructive policy. I suggest that a "spirit" be cultivated on
the lines laid down by Eliphaz Levi, "Dogma and Ritual," Chap. XIII., so that he
may manifest more wholly. Then let him dictate to two or three segregated mediums a long
passage, or a long set of meaningless figures, and get so high a degree of agreement that
hardly any doubt remains.

Or if anybody wants a really high evidential proof, let him get the proof of Fermat's
Last Theorem, which Fermat died without revealing, and which the united efforts of
mathematicians have hitherto failed to discover.

Of all this admirable series this is the best. Such prose I have rarely found in all my
reading. I am beggared of wit to review it; but I implore all who seek the pure Light
mirrored in flawless imagery to obtain it.

It is possible to write upon this book in a freer manner, without offence, than upon
any other book in the Canon of Scripture, for there is no other book which has caused so
much disquiet to theologians, in all ages, as has the "Revelation of St John the
Divine," and it is but in comparatively recent times that it has been generally
accepted as Canonical, and this even by those who admit that they do not understand it;
and to such as these the "Apocalypse Unsealed" will be a veritable
"Revelation" indeed. Mr James M. Pryse accepts it unreservedly as the work of
the Apostle John, but we ought to mention that there is a long string of authorities
against this view. Dionysius, who was surnamed the Great, of Alexandria, was a pupil of
Origen, and he of Clement of Alexandria, all catechists of the "Arcane
Discipline" which taught a Christianised version of the older Gnosis, which Clement
and others had brought into the Church from the older secret, or occult, societies of
which they were, or had been members. This Dionysius makes a certain John the Presbyter,
as of note in Asia Minor in the 1st century, and distinct from the Apostle, to be the
author of the book. Presbyter Cajus, or Gaius, of Rome, and the Alogi, attributed it to
Cerinthus, a Gnostic of the independent sect of these, and Eusebius quotes both Dionysius
and these Alogi; Nicephorus Callistus uses the same as saying that some who had preceded
them had manipulated the book in such way, in every chapter, that the original could not
be recognised. This may be an exaggeration, but amongst the eminent critics who have
denied the authenticity of the book may be mentioned these, and what else can we expect
when none to the present time could understand it? Against it are De Wett, Bleek, Ewald,
Credner, Schott, Lucke, Neander, Michaelis, who treat the style as utterly foreign to that
of John the Apostle. The first-named observes that "Revelation" is characterised
by strong Hebraisms, ruggedness, and exhibits the absence of pure Greek words, whilst in
the Gospel of John is to be found a calm, deep feeling, but in the Apocalypse we have
great creative power of fancy; --- the two minds are at variance with each other. St
Jerome had an {164} exalted opinion of the book, and says that it has much of mystery
therein; possibly he saw it with the same eyes as Mr Pryse. Even both Luther and Erasmus
were doubtful as to its acceptance. The "Encyclopaedia Britannica" argues that
its allusions are of the 4th or 5th century. It may be mentioned here, that Dom John
Chapman, D.O.S., has made an examination of the question this year, and argues, with
doubtful success, that John the Presbyter and John the Apostle were the same person, and
accepts both the Gospel and the Apocalypse as the works of Apostle John, and accounts for
the difference in style as that of the amanuensis whom the Apostle John employed.

Two noticable, but irreconcilable, attempts have in recent years been made to interpret
the book, theologically and historically. The learned Dr E. V. Kenealy made sense out of
it, but overdid the subject. He believed it to represent the Apocalyptic church of Adam,
and found in its addresses to the "Seven Churches" the existence of a great
Asian hierarchy of the seven temples of the "twenty-four Ancients," and further,
in its various characters, the acts of the twelve divine incarnations, or messengers, who
follow each other at periods of 600 years, as taught in regard to the manifestations of
Vishnu.

Then, in 1906, we have a book of the astronomer, Nicholas Marazoff, verified by the
astronomers Ramin and Lanin, who attempt an astrological view, grounded on the state of
the heavens at Patmos on the 30th September 395, at 5 o'clock at night. Jupiter --- the
white horse --- was then in Sagittarius; whilst Saturn --- the pale horse --- was in
Scorpio; the sun in Virgo, and the moon under her feet. John Chrysostom was then in
Patmos, and immediately after 395 was called to Rome to become a presbyter; but Rome
finding that the "Second Coming" did not take place, it is argued that he was
deprived and banished as a "false prophet." Against this we have the fact that
Chrysostom does not mention the book, but the date assigned agrees with criticisms as the
book now stands.

We must defer to the superior knowledge of this modern "Unveiler," though
personally I am inclined to accept the views of those early Fathers who assign the
authorship to Cerinthus, and also the later German critics, who believe that the first
three chapters and the last have been added by a later hand, and other portions altered to
agree with the Scriptures held to be orthodox. Of course this, if it were so, does not
effect in any way the views of Mr Pryse, but rather strengthens them, as I look upon the
imagery of the book as essentially that of the earlier and pre-Christian Gnostics. Though
we may not have absolute proof of the great antiquity of the Gnosis, such as Mr Pryse
unveils, yet it is clearly Aryan, dating from the time of Momu --- the thinker; then again
the development of the Kundalini --- serpent fire --- world's mother, also termed rousing
the Brahm --- is said to be shown as issuing from the foreheads of early {165} Egyptian
kings; Apollonius of Tyana, a contemporary of our Jesus, visited the Gymnosophists of the
Upper Nile, but said that they were not equal to those of India. The British Druids must
have had a knowledge of the "Serpent fire" in their secret instruction, or why
exclaim, "I am a serpent." The Mythraic Mysteries, and all the Eranoi Societies,
were equally protected by the laws of Solon seven centuries B.C., and Mr Pryse observes
that only once does the word Halleluiah occur in the Bible, yet we know that it formed the
close of a chant in the "Rites of Purification" in a call to the slain god for
deliverance, in pre-Christian centuries, and further there are Mythraic traces in
Revelation. We also know from a large mass of inscriptions found in recent times, that the
early Christians made use of the very ancient societies, and by that course spread their
doctrine. Before the issue of the "Unsealing," the same translator published the
"Magical Message of Ioannes," a translation of great value which receives much
additional light from the later work, and the more so as it supplies, in a knowledge of
Hermetic Greek, much meaning which escapes us in the authorised version.

In the "Unsealing," Mr. Pryse goes solid for the book, the whole book, and
nothing but the book, as the veritable work of the Apostle John, hence the clergy may
extend a welcome hand to it. He quite believes it is a work of the Apostle John, and
defends the style; amongst these there are some doubtless who are narrow-minded, but here,
and still more prominently in America, there are broad-minded clergy who will welcome the
Unsealing.

The Freemasons too in their higher grades, which have more or less reached us through
the Rosicrucians, have very strong allusions to the Apocalypse, and may profit by it, and
this refers to several systems practised throughout the world. Thus the Order of Heredom
(Harodim) Rosy Cross, which has an unchanged Ritual from 1740, at least, draws upon
Dionysius the Areopagite, a disciple of St Paul, and it has also a rhythmetical
description of the New Jerusalem. Again, two entire degrees of the Scottish Rite of 33
Degree are drawn from the Apocalypse, and certainly entered the Rite before 1758, and seem
as if they were drawn bodily from the Rosicrucian Militia of the Cross: I allude to the 17
Degree Knight of the East and West, and the 19 Degree of Grand Pontiff, which treat upon
the Heavenly Jerusalem, and the opening scene of the Revelations. It was rather a pity
that when the late Albert Pike was revising the Rituals, he did not consolidate the Rite
by changing the places of the 17 Degree with the 20 Degree, which latter treats of
Zerubbabel. His predecessor Morin, in 1767, did a like thing by the Amalgamation of Prince
Adept, which he had in his patent of 1762, with Knight of the Sun, and supplying the blank
thus created with Patriarch Noachite. There is also the Royal Oriental Order of the Sat
Bhai which was founded 1743-5 by a Brahmin Pundit at Prag, for certain Anglo-Indian
officers, and which is now well established in America. {166}

The idea that Revelation is a book of Initiation is not altogether new to Freemasons,
as the late Dr Geo. Oliver elaborated that view at considerable length, but Mr Pryse's
view is quite a different sort of Initiation; it is the development of the semi-miraculous
powers of the Gnosis of Clement, Origen, and the early Christian Church, the birth of the
divine three principles, the Crestos, in the human soul. The key to this
"Unsealing" is the text itself, in which is found the Nos. 333, 444, 666, 777,
888, 999, 1000, as applied to the seven principal "chakras" of the human body,
as taught by Greek Yogis. Apart altogether from the possession of a reliable literal
translation of the book, there are seventy-five pages upon the development of the
"Kundalini," and each subject is followed in the text by a commentary in
application. Mr Pryse expresses the view that the book is necessarily incomprehensible to
the conventional theologian, yet easily comprehended by the esoteric Initiate,
"i.e." by him who possesses the Gnosis, and that the drama is perfect in all its
parts. I may add that most of this class of Initiative books had a double interpretation,
and hence that the same may be equally found in the Apocalypse, but into this Mr Pryse
does not enter. JOHN YARKER.

Mr Pryse has undoubtedly found the key of the Apocalypse, and many of his
interpretations are profound and accurate. But he is afflicted by sexual mania to an
extent positively shocking, and does not understand the harmony of the principles.
Adeptship is balanced growth, not lopping. A rose dies if you remove the root and stalk,
Mr Pryse!

He is unfortunately a poor scholar, and has developed the American literary sense to an
incredible point. He translates

GR:alpha-kappa-rho-alpha-sigma-iota-alpha, "impotence, lack of control," as
"sensuality," GR:alpha-gamma-gamma-epsilon-lambda-omicron-sigma as
"divinity," and gives us "saucers" for "vials"!

Unfortunately, too, he has studied Eastern Mysticism at second-hand, through
Theosophical spectacles. Nor has he kept even to Blavatsky the genius, but relied upon her
commentators, who had neither her learning nor her experience.

But he has the key, and it opens the way for a real study of "St John" by a
person of greater ability.

It is a very remarkable fact, however, that Akrasia (333) and Akolasia (333) should so
accurately describe Choronzon (333). No higher test of the truth of "The Vision and
the Voice" could be desired.

Again, 666 is GR:'Eta Phi-rho-eta-nu, not the Lower Mind, as Mr Pryse unhellenically
says, but Tiphereth, the Lion that lieth down with the Lamb. Nor, by the way, is Iacchos a
phallic God except as 'Omicron Nu-iota-kappa-omega-nu himself is phallic, and has his
mystic {167} name written upon that organ, according to Mr Pryse! Iacchus = IAO = Jehovah,
and concentrates I.N.R.I.

We recommend the book for its suggestion and insight; it is one of the best of the
kind. NICK LAMB.

A magnificent volume without and within. This, with the single exception of the
"Bagh-i-muattar" (Probsthain & Co., 1910, 3 "gs.", and therefore
difficult of access), is the greatest of Persian mystic treatises, though it is rather
elementary. But we can recommend no better volume for those who know but a little. Dr
Bricteux has no experience of mysticism, and so makes mistakes. This was to be expected,
but I am surprised at the scholar's error of asserting that the Hindu system lacks the
method of love. As ninety-five Hindus practise Bhakti-Yoga for five that practise any
other kind, we advise Dr Bricteux to be more careful. But this is a small blemish on a
very fine essay. ABHAVANANDA.

Since the "loathsome and abominable" disclosures with regard to Edward
Fitzgerald and "Posh," I suppose every decent Englishman has burnt his copy of
the Quatrains. It is consequently very pleasant to find a new translation, accurately
representing the original, in beautiful and lucid French. The verses flow with the sound
of wine poured in a thirsty country. We can recommend this book to all lovers of whom the
"Daily Telegraph" would call "the astronomer-poet of Persia," and then
"the tent-maker of Naishapur." A.L.

I hope I shall find a Gerard Harvy at the Day of Judgment. There is none of that nasty
carping spirit which spoils so many sunny natures. When the great Maurice dines alone, it
is his almost monachal asceticism; when he has company, it is his genial bonhomie. He
smokes --- how brave of him; but of course it is denicotinised tobacco --- how prudent of
him! He sometimes sleeps alone --- the modern Galahad; and sometimes with somebody else
--- "even his {168} Heinesque moods are steeled through with a strong man's
virility." In short, Dr Pangloss was indeed the greatest of philosophers --- until
Gerard Harvey wiped the floor with him. A.L.

THE LIMIT. By ADA LEVERSON. 6"s."

Mrs Leverson is easily the dantiest and wittiest of our younger feminine writers; but
she does well to call her latest masterpiece "the limit." Mrs Leverson offers us
a picture of an aged, wrinkled, and bedizened Jewess with false hair and teeth, painted
and whitewashed with kohl, rouge, and chalk, until there seems hardly any woman there at
all. Yet not content with addiction to indiscriminate adultery and morphine, she finds
pleasure in seducing young men and picking their pockets.

Fie! you can surely show us a prettier picture than that. Why not return to your
earlier manner? Not necessarily the manner of "An Idyll in Bloomsbury," but you
might advantageously find material in Brixton or in Bayswater. FELIX.

THE SOUL OF THE MOOR. William Rider & Son. 2"s." net.

"Success meant life! Failure --- worse than death, for there would be the
everlasting self-reproach! Dare I attempt the experiment?"

This sounds familiar, but, if memory serves me right, Mr Dion Clayton Calthorpe's drama
continues in this strain, --- "He carefully surveyed his ashen face in the tiny glass
suspended over his washhand stand, then, with hasty, trembling fingers, he dipped his
leaky shaving-brush into the icy water, and proceeded, at the ghastly hour of 6 a.m., TO
SHAVE!"

Perhaps the fact that "My wife was very ill" accounts for the variation.

Mr Stratford D. Jolly is much too busy a man to devote much time to the "Serious
study of the occult," and it is a pity he should have spent so much time upon the
forty-five chapters which comprise this work, instead of upon some other subjects with
which he might be more conversant.

In short, it is a flabby, gentlemanly book, which should find a ready sale among the
more "goody" portion of Suburbia, the only place where the Hero could be
appreciated!

Despite the author's obvious endeavour, there is absolutely nothing immoral in this
book, and I can recommend it to great-grandchildren as a suitable Christmas present for
their grandmother's aunt.

My congratulations to the illustrator for so thoroughly seizing the spirit of the book.
BUNCO {169}

The title of this work justifies itself as the reader reaches the end of the second
volume. To the pharmacist it is an extremely useful book, and in a great many instances
furnishes information of an interesting character, which the busy man would have
difficulty in finding in pharmaceutical history. To the student of the occult it ought to
appeal strongly, as the author gives a long list of drugs used in religious ceremonies in
different ages, and although the present century is so much in advance, we find that the
incenses and sweet odours used in ceremonial magic to-day are the same as those used in
Egypt, in the worship of Isis, and in the services held in the Temple of Solomon. Mention
is also made of the preparations made by the ancient alchemists which were thought to have
magic power. Short biographical sketches of some of the old masters of pharmacy appear,
but after Liebig we have no special mention of the pharmacists of the last century.

A interesting chapter on Poisons in History, introducing the stories of poisoners and
the drugs employed, furnishes material for the budding novelist, to whom in fact the whole
of this excellent work may be recommended. To the occult reader the concluding chapter on
names and symbols would be of considerable service, and might be useful for reference.

The book, which is published in two volumes, is profusely illustrated, and well printed
and bound. Had the author not been known as the popular editor of a pharmaceutical
newspaper and an authority on all matters connecting with pharmacy, "The
Chronicles" would have proved an excellent monument to his memory; unfortunately Mr
Wootton died before his book left the publisher's hands. E. WHINERAY, M.P.S.