... our daily lives, impacts the performance of much of industry, and leads to billions of pounds of
damage worldwide each year. In many countries the general public is becoming concerned as press
reports, personal experience and anecdotal information all point to an increase in the frequency and
severi ...

... place over several centuries. However, the term “climate
change” is now being used to refer to the current climate.
This is because recent
evidence shows that the global
climate seems to be changing
more rapidly than usual, as a
result of human behaviour.
Air travel and other forms of transportation ...

... next 10–15 years and be reduced to very low levels, well below half of levels in 2000
by the middle of the twenty-first century.
We are taking a lead in proactively addressing the challenge of global warming and
seizing the opportunities it presents to leading businesses to achieve the deep
emission ...

... “Climate Geoengineering”
“[O]ptions that would involve large-scale
engineering of our environment in order to
combat or counteract the effects of changes
in atmospheric chemistry.”
U.S. National Academy of Sciences
...

... has provoked a lively discussion about climate change, displacement, and the rights of vulnerable communities around the globe. The film was a 2011 Academy Award Nominee
for Best Documentary Short. After the film, there will be a facilitated discussion about the
film and action steps that viewers ca ...

... change is not primarily caused by humans,
but also by the environment itself. Some
claim that there is too little information to put
the blame solely on human activities.
There are natural causes for climate change,
e.g. volcanic activities and changes in solar
radiation, which have occurred all thr ...

... change is not primarily caused by humans,
but also by the environment itself. Some
claim that there is too little information to put
the blame solely on human activities.
There are natural causes for climate change,
e.g. volcanic activities and changes in solar
radiation, which have occurred all thr ...

... Why bother studying ancient climate?
Who cares what happened a long time ago?
1. Past variability can show climatic extremes that have not been
experienced during recorded history
2. In order to understand the effects of human activity on
climate, we must establish what the planet, the atmosphere,
...

... also have very different effects on
climate.
• Sulphate aerosols, which result from
burning coal, biomass, and volcanic
eruptions, tend to cool the Earth.
• Greenhouse gases such as CFC’s cause
the Earth to become warmer.
...

... We release it into the atmosphere as carbon
dioxide through activities such as burning fossil
fuels (coal, oil and gas) and cutting down trees
As a result, today's atmosphere contains 42%
more carbon dioxide than it did before the
...

... Dr Saleemul Haq, senior fellow of the International Institute for Environmental and
Development (IIED), said the government has to show political will to implement climate
strategy.
South Asia can do far better in addressing climate issues than the region is doing currently, he
said, adding that the ...

... GREENHOUSE GASES
Greenhouse gases naturally occur in the earth’s
atmosphere. They are found in water vapor, carbon
dioxide (plants and animals), methane (from the wetlands,
oceans and termites), and nitrous oxide (soil, vegetation
and oceans).
...

... • Like the rest of the world, the UK must be
prepared to face a changing climate.
• Climate projections are predictions of how
the climate will change in the future, based on
the latest scientific understanding.
• They can help people to plan how they will
adapt to help society and the natural
envi ...

Climate engineering

Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.