Energy systems

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Transcript of Energy systems

Energy is required for the body to move around. The way the body generates energy are determined by intensity and duration of the sport a person is participating in. Activities that require short bursts of energy such as sprinting or weightlifting, need the body to produce large amounts of energy over a short period of time, that energy is called Creatine Phosphate. However activities like Rugby, or the Bleep test require continued energy production over a longer period of time, but over a slower rate. We call this aerobic energy. It is the energy systems of your body that facilitate these processes.Creatine Phosphate energy systemAerobic Energy systemRugbyCreatine energy system is the immediate explosive energy system, for short exercises such as 100m sprints or weightlifting, that last around 10 seconds. When are intensity in training or sport is high, or energy needs to be instantaneous, then the Creatine energy system will be used. The creatine phosphate stored in our muscles is broken down to make ATP, which is the main molecule in the production of energy. Normally ATP is made without oxygen.The recovery rate for someone competing in a The recovery rate for using this energy system is 1minute-3minutes, but this depends on the intensity and duration of the event, and the competitors fitness levels.

ATP + Creatine Phosphate ATP + CreatineLactic acid energy systemLactic acid is another short term energy system, but they meet the requirements of high intensity over a longer period of time, so 400m sprint or a swimming race. This energy system will only last for about 60-90 seconds. It is an anaerobic exercise and isn't sustainable over a long period of time. ATP can be made by partial breakdown of glucose and glycogen. However there is a limiting factor of this energy system as it accumulates and diffuses into the blood and tissue fluid which is why most people who do a strenuous exercise will feel the pain kicking soon after they have stopped with their activity. If this substance isn’t moved by the circulatory system it builds and causes fatigue. The formula ATP is used as there isn't enough time for the heart to pump Oxygen to the working muscles, after doing a sport that requires Creatine Phosphate such as archery it will take a few seconds to recover, allowing you to have another go. The recovery rate for this energy level is a few minutes to an hour, but again this depends on a persons level of fitness and the duration and intensity of the event.

Glucose 2ATP + 2Lactic acid + heatGlycogen 3ATP + 2Lactic acid + heatThis a long term energy system used in most sports such as rugby, also in bleep tests and obviously Marathons. If plenty of oxygen, glycogen and fatty acids are available, they break down to create large amounts of ATP. This produces Carbon dioxide and Water which doesn’t affects the muscles ability to contract. Furthermore Aerobic exercise occurs in the mitochondria of the cells, which is literally a power station of the cells. The mitochondria is responsible for converting food into energy. However this production of energy is slow as it takes a few minutes for the heart to deliver oxygenated blood to the working muscles. Long continuous and moderate exercises produce energy using this system and if you were to use this energy system it would take three to four days for your body to recover but this can vay from person to person as some people may have a better recovery rate t

Glucose + Oxygen 38ATP + Carbon Dioxide + Water + Heat Fatty acids + Oxygen 129ATP + Carbon Dioxide + Water + HeatThe three energy systems are used consistently with in a game of rugby, for example Creatine phosphate will be used by a player when he passes, kicks or accelerates to catch a player or to out run them. The best way to improve a persons creatine phosphate system is through continuous training such as sprint training and passing drills. Next for a rugby player is the lactic acid energy system, which in my opinion is the most important as it allows a player to chase an attacking player to tackle them, also it allows a player to run with the ball at the defenders. The best way to improve his lactic acid energy system is through continuous or interval training, such as suicide training and sprint training. Finally the aerobic energy system is important as it allows a person to last a game which is important as most tries are scored in the last 20minutes as that is when peoples energy levels drop. In my opinion lactic acid energy system is the most important as a player has to be able to run with the ball, and chase after an attacking player.Next on my list of importance is creatine phosphate as a player who is a back needs to be able to pass in the back line, whilst forwards aren't generally expected to pass, and the only players who should kick are the fly-half, fullback, scrum-half and centers. Finally its my belief that the least important is the Aerobic energy system as every player isn't going to be doing something in the match, wingers will be stood on either sideline waiting for the ball to come out so he won't waste any energy unlike the props who are expected to be at the rucks to breakdown.Unit 1: Principles of Anatomy and PhysiologyAssignment 3: Energy systemsFootballIn a game of football, all three energy systems are used in the game. For example creatine phosphate will be used when a midfielder passes or shoots with the ball or if he has to sprint after an attacker, or if your a goalie he will use creatine phosphate to jump in the air to catch an incoming ball, or if they have to sprint out to block an incoming player. A goalie would use lactic acid if they want to go into the oppositions box to try and score from a corner. Whilst a midfielder will use lactic acid when they have just won the ball back and they will begin to mount a counter attack. Obviously aerobic endurance is you by players of all positions as they to last the match. A striker would be more reliant on their creatine phosphate system so they can shoot or offload the ball to a player in a better attacking position, whilst a defender is more likely to use his lactic acid energy system as he may need to make tackles that could determine the outcome of the match, and finally the goalkeeper is expected to use his creatine phosphate enrgy system as he may be expected to dive and lunge at an incoming shot. The best way to improve a persons creatine phosphate system is through continuous training such as sprint training and passing drills. The best way to improve his lactic acid energy system is through continuous or interval training, such as suicide training and sprint training. Whilst the best way to improve a persons aerobic endurance is through continuous running drills such as the figure 8 or bleep test.Gaelic footballGaelic football uses all the energy systems in the sport, creatine phosphate is used by a player such as a defender or a midfielder to hand pass the ball to another teammate, or he may kick the ball up field to another player who may be able to shoot such as an attacker who will be able to shoot the ball over the sticks or in the net. The best way to improve a Gaelic footballers creatine phosphate is through hand-passing drills, diagonal kick passing and shooting, also sprint training is essential as an attacking player might have broken through and he will need to outrun the defender chasing him. Lactic acid is essential as Gaelic football revolves around agility, so a defender has to expect the player he is marking will try and change direction, so the defender has to be able to nullify the threat. Also lactic acid is also used in Gaelic football when a defender is running up the field trying to give an option to a teammate. The best way to improve a players lactic acid is through suicide training, sprint training and man-marking drills as a player will be expected to mark his man all game. Aerobic endurance is essential in Gaelic football as the pitch is 130 metres minimum to 145 metres maximum in length whilst in Width it can be anything from 80 metres minimum to 90 metres maximum, so fitness will determine the outcome of a match, all players are required to have good fitness as the game revolves on consistent running up and down the field. The best way to improve a players aerobic endurance is through consistent running drills such as figure 8 and competing in the bleep test.