SUBSTANCE: at the moment of small hydro-electric station start-up all stages of ballast load are started, when rated frequency of generator 2 rotation is achieved, an asynchronous electric motor of a water supply pump 5 is started with a device of reactive power compensation. At the same time the load is redistributed between the ballast load and the started asynchronous electric motor of the water supply pump 5 with the device of individual compensation of reactive power, therefore voltage at the generator 2 stator changes insignificantly. Then upon completion of a transition process, an electric motor of a vacuum pump 6 is started with a device of individual compensation of reactive power. Upon completion of the transition process, similarly electric motors of the first milk pump 7, the second milk pump 8 and a pump of a milk cooler 9 are started, which, due to low capacity in respect to a generator of the small hydro-electric station, slightly reduce voltage at its leads, and therefore electromagnet torque at all electric motors operating under load practically does not change.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of small hydro-electric station application and improved stability of operation of milking system process equipment.

5 dwg

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used to supply summer milking from an independent source of energy, using a micro hydropower plant (micro hydro) with the electric permanent magnet motor and ballast load.

Known design submersible the free-threaded microhydroelectric that includes a turbine with a horizontal axis of rotation, connected with submerged sealed generator (see EN 2247859 C1, 10.03.2005, F03B 13/00).

There is a method of stabilizing the frequency of the output voltage of the generator micro hydro by using autobalance load, which results in the redistribution of useful and ballast parts of the load on the generator with the preservation of its total value constant (see LUKUTIN BV and other Renewable energy in decentralized electricity Moscow, Energoatomizdat, 2008, s, risb), adopted as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the above technical solutions should include the fact that when used in the construction of micro hydro generator with permanent magnets, without winding, the process of milking cor is in the summer parlour
using an electric drive on the basis of induction motors, can be violated in connection with the strict requirements to the voltage level of the Autonomous power supply system (small reduction in voltage is accompanied by a sharp decrease in torque at the motor shaft). This fact does not allow a wide use of the generators of low power permanent magnet in the stand-alone power supply system summer milking from micro hydro, because this type of machine there is no excitation winding and, consequently, the possibility of regulating the output voltage of the generator, this raises the problem of voltage regulation.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the use of micro hydro orthogonal turbine with a horizontal axis of rotation and a generator with permanent magnets when used as a stand-alone power supply summer milking and stability of equipment operation summer milking.

The problem is solved in that in the method of operation of the equipment year of milking when electricity from micro hydro, consisting of a turbine and generator, not having a field winding, in terms of dynamically changing load at which frequency stabilization rotation system-easy installation the turbine I is due to the redistribution useful and ballast parts of the load on the generator with the preservation of its total value constant,
according to the invention as a micro hydro use the free-threaded submersible micro hydro orthogonal turbine and synchronous generator with permanent magnets, and as the payload used induction motors of the vacuum pump and pump water supply with individual devices for reactive power compensation, consisting of parallel connected batteries of static capacitors and induction motors of the first and second milk pump and induction motor coolant pump milk, and as ballast use multistage power the heater, the time of start-up micro hydro include all stages of a ballast load, upon reaching the rated speed of the generator include asynchronous motor pump water device reactive power compensation, load is redistributed between the ballast load and the included electric pump water device reactive power compensation, then after the completion of the transition process include the motor of the vacuum pump unit of reactive power compensation, then similarly include motors first milk pump, the second milk pump and pump ohla is Italia milk.

Figure 1 shows the block diagram of the micro with autobalance frequency stabilization.

Figure 2 shows the model of work equipment summer milking when electricity from micro hydro.

Figure 3 shows alternate start asynchronous load with the individual compensation of the reactive power of the motor of the vacuum pump and pump water.

Figure 5 shows the voltage (PU) at the output of the generator micro hydro under the sequential start asynchronous load with the individual reactive power compensation.

Block diagram of power supply system summer milking from an independent source of energy that uses the micro-synchronous generator permanent magnet motor and ballast load (figure 1), includes mounted on a shaft orthogonal to the turbine 1 and the synchronous generator 2 with permanent magnets, the findings of which ballast connected load 3 to the control unit and through the switching devices 4 payload consisting of an induction motor of the water pump 5 and connected in parallel thereto a block of static capacitors 10, the induction motor Modacalzado is about (or vacuum) pump 6 and connected in parallel thereto a block of static capacitors 10,
asynchronous electric motors of the first milk pump 7, the second milk pump 8, the coolant pump milk 9 (figure 1).

To confirm the claimed method the simulation of the operation of the equipment year of milking when electricity from micro hydro presented in figure 2.

The control method of the micro using the claimed method is as follows.

At the time of start-up micro hydro include all stages of a ballast load (ballast load in this case is made in the form of an electric water heater with heating Elements), upon reaching the rated speed of the generator (figure 4) include an asynchronous motor pump water (water is carried out, for example, from a well) with the unit of reactive power compensation (figure 3). Thus redistribute the load between the ballast load and enabled asynchronous motor pump water device individual compensation of reactive power, so the voltage at the stator of the generator is changed slightly. Then, after the completion of the transition process include liquid ring induction motor (or vacuum) pump (to support the process of milking vacuum) with a personal device of reactive power compensation. After completion of the transition about the ECCA similarly include a low-power asynchronous motors with squirrel-cage rotor of the first milk pump,
the second milk pump and coolant pump milk. They are due to low power, relatively generator micro hydro, slightly reduce the voltage on the findings and, thereby, the electromagnetic torque at all operating under load the motor is practically unchanged (figure 5).

This method allows to increase the effectiveness of micro hydro with permanent magnets and stability of equipment operation summer milking by rational redistribution useful (induction motors) and ballast (electric water heater) parts of the load on the generator with the preservation of its total value constant and individual compensation of reactive power electric motors.

The proposed method can be quite easy structurally implemented and used in agriculture for the supply of summer milking from an independent source of energy, using submersible free-threaded the micro hydropower plant including a turbine with a horizontal axis of rotation, connected with submerged sealed with a synchronous generator permanent magnet motor (electric water pump, liquid ring pump, two milk pumps, coolant pump milk) and ballast (elektropodogreva the El with Heaters) load.

The method of operation of the equipment summer milking in the supply of energy from microhydroelectric (micro hydro), consisting of a turbine and generator, not having a field winding, in terms of dynamically changing load at which the stabilization of the turbine speed at the expense of redistribution useful and ballast parts of the load on the generator with the preservation of its total value constant, characterized in that as micro hydro use the free-threaded submersible micro hydro orthogonal turbine and synchronous generator with permanent magnets, and as the payload used induction motors of the vacuum pump and pump water supply with individual devices for reactive power compensation, consisting of parallel connected of capacitor banks, as well as induction motors of the first and second milk pump and induction motor coolant pump milk, and as ballast use multistage power the heater, the time of start-up micro hydro include all stages of a ballast load, upon reaching the rated speed of the generator include asynchronous motor pump water with a compensation of the reactive power is,
thus redistribute the load between the ballast load and the included electric pump water device reactive power compensation, then after the completion of the transition process include the motor of the vacuum pump unit of reactive power compensation, then similarly include motors first milk pump, the second milk pump and coolant pump milk.

SUBSTANCE: some parameters are measured reliably and accurately for inspection, control and/or continuous monitoring of turbines functioning. It is proposed to determine working parameters of a turbine corresponding to its entire working range when functioning with generation of useful output capacity, by measurement of its working parameters in the mode without generation of useful output power.

EFFECT: simplified continuous monitoring of turbine condition, which results in quantitative evaluation of this state.

SUBSTANCE: operation of micro-HPP, generating power at small water flows, is related to solution of problem of hydraulic unit rotation frequency adjustment. Generation of high-quality power is complicated in most widespread mode of micro-HPP operation for local grid. There are technical solutions, in which control system is provided by tracking electric system for control of power issued to grid, or by action at guide vane of active hydraulic turbine. Disadvantages of such control systems include necessity to transform power supplied to grid, or availability of multiple bulky and unreliable additional control and intermediate elements of effect at hydraulic turbine in control circuit, which affect power parametres of hydraulic unit. In proposed device of power transformation, comprising hydraulic turbine and hydraulic generator, control element is an auxiliary induction motor installed on one shaft with hydraulic turbine and hydraulic generator, and capacity of this motor is low compared to hydraulic generator capacity supplied by control unit.

EFFECT: provides for stabilisation of voltage and frequency of hydraulic unit rotation in case of water head or grid load variations with simultaneous achievement of power transformation device rotation frequency control simplicity, increasing its operational reliability and quality of power issued to grid.

SUBSTANCE: sea wave energy converter includes upper float 1 located on the water surface, hydraulic cylinder 2 and electric generator with the rotor performing back-and-forth movement, and fixed stator. Rotor consists of constant magnets. Stator includes inductance coils. Hydraulic cylinder 2 is installed inside float 1 and represents a double-acting pump. Converter is equipped with hydraulic vibrator consisting of the cylinder filled with fluid, along the axis of which there arranged with possibility of back-and-forth movement is stepped shaft mechanically connected to generator rotor, and hydraulically through control distributing slide valve to pressure and drain chambers of hydraulic cylinder 2. Vibrator and generator is installed inside pipe 8 connecting hydraulic cylinder 2 to lower float 9, through depth control 12 connected to sea bottom. Float 9 buoyancy is higher than float 1 buoyancy.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of the proposed converter, which is achieved by conversion of low-frequency vibrations of float on sea wave surface to high-frequency vibrations of rotor of linear generator with respect to fixed magnetic conductor.

SUBSTANCE: unit comprises a vertical tower 1 with a jet-directing blade device 2 arranged in a side wall to form a swirled vortex-like motion of a moving medium flow inside the tower 1 as running over the tower 1. At the side of one of the tower 1 ends into the axial area of the latter to reinforce rotation there is an output section 3 of a channel 4 introduced in direction of the motion of the medium rotating inside the tower. In the channel 4 there is an orthogonal multilevel turbine. The channel 4 at the section from the inlet to the turbine is arranged as narrowing. Each level of the turbine is arranged with arrow-shaped blades, bent along helical lines and symmetrically inclined from the area of coupling of adjacent level blades in the form of an arrowhead in the direction opposite to the blades of the adjacent turbine level. Ends of blades of the adjacent turbine levels are fixed on a ring arranged between adjacent levels of the turbine. The section 3 of the channel 4 is arranged with the axis parallel to direction of the vortex motion inside the tower 1.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of a power generating unit due to increased coefficient of using kinetic energy of air or water approach flow.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic turbine with transverse flow includes rotor installed so that it can be rotated about the axis. Rotor includes at least there blades for performing the rotor rotation about the axis when it is arranged in flowing water. Rotor includes multiple elements in the form of three-dimensional structure formed of triangles. At least one of the above elements includes one of the above blades. At least one blade is elongated and has a straight line. The above line is not parallel to the above axis and does not lie with it in one and the same plane.

SUBSTANCE: wave electric power station includes fixed support 1, pneumatic hydraulic chamber 2 the underwater part of which is interconnected through open lower edge 3 with water reservoir, and above-water part is interconnected with atmosphere through pressure air line 6 fixed on upper edge 5 of chamber 2. Turbine 7 with blades 8 of wind-type profile is installed across air line 6. Turbine 7 is kinematically connected to generator 9 installed on upper edge 5 of chamber 2. On opposite inner surfaces of air line 6 there made are projections with concave walls. Projections adjoin cylindrical surface swept with blades with a gap. On support 1 there arranged is rotating actuator 15 kinematically connected to chamber 2 which is fixed on support 1 with possibility of vertical movement in compliance with oscillations of medium level of water surface.

SUBSTANCE: system of autonomous bridge lighting comprises a hydropower plant connected to a source of light and installed under water and comprising a reactive screw 1, a power generator 2, a planetary multiplier 4, arranged on a single shaft 3 between 1 and the power generator 2, and a garbage-protecting grid 6. The shaft 3 is arranged along a river watercourse. The screw 1, the multiplier 4 and the power generator 2 are installed in a single body 5 with expanded inlet and outlet holes. The grid 6 is installed in front of the screw 3 in the inlet hole of the body 5. The plant is fixed on a bridge support 7 on guides 9 as capable of vertical displacement and fixation. The system comprises a voltage frequency converter 13, connected with the power generator 2 and the light source, and a accumulator 14, connected with the converter 13, and is also equipped with a hoist 10, connected with the body 5. The converter 13, the accumulator 14 and the hoist 10 are installed on a mounting site 11, mounted into the upper part of the bridge support 7.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of a lighting system due to increased speed of river watercourse as it flows around a support and increased frequency of power generator shaft rotation.

SUBSTANCE: system of autonomous bridge lighting comprises a hydropower plant connected to a source of light and installed under water and comprising a reactive screw 1, a power generator 2, a planetary multiplier 4, arranged on a single shaft 3 between 1 and the power generator 2, and a garbage-protecting grid 6. The shaft 3 is arranged along a river watercourse. The screw 1, the multiplier 4 and the power generator 2 are installed in a single body 5 with expanded inlet and outlet holes. The grid 6 is installed in front of the screw 3 in the inlet hole of the body 5. The plant is fixed on a bridge support 7 on guides 9 as capable of vertical displacement and fixation. The system comprises a voltage frequency converter 13, connected with the power generator 2 and the light source, and a accumulator 14, connected with the converter 13, and is also equipped with a hoist 10, connected with the body 5. The converter 13, the accumulator 14 and the hoist 10 are installed on a mounting site 11, mounted into the upper part of the bridge support 7.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of a lighting system due to increased speed of river watercourse as it flows around a support and increased frequency of power generator shaft rotation.

SUBSTANCE: proposed system comprises foundation 12, hydroelectric turbine 10 to rest on said foundation 12, and afloat sea ship 14 that allows detachment of said foundation. Ship 1 allows detachment of foundation 12 and its lowering, and/or lifting to position right under the ship, and its attachment to ship. Foundation 12 comprises support 32 to pass upward through ship 14 when foundation 14 is attached to ship from below. Ship 14 has opening 30 for foundation 32 to pass through when foundation 12 is mounted under ship 14 to allow turbine 10 mounted on support 32 to pass there through.

SUBSTANCE: run-of-river pumping hydraulic power plant comprises a hollow shaft 1, double-wing blades 20 of sail type, joined with the shaft 1 with the help of carriers 4, displacement pumps of double action. On the axis 4 of double-wing blades 20 there are levers 6, hingedly joined by means of traction bars 8 with a crosspiece 9 at the end of the pump stem. The discharge chamber 16 of pumps by means of pipe sections 17 is hydraulically connected with a hollow shaft 1. Double-wing sail-type blades 20 of durable thick hydrophobic cloth have larger length compared to the axis 5 of blades 20.

SUBSTANCE: in a power-generating device a hydraulic turbine and a synchronous power generator (3) make an assembly moving jointly with a rotor (7) of the generator. The generator rotor (7) comprises poles with permanent magnets (1). The hydraulic turbine is arranged of propeller type or Kaplan type. Hydraulic turbine blades (11) are either fixed as capable of adjustment in process of installation or are arranged as controllable by means of mechanisms of hydraulic or electric systems. The central shaft of the device is installed with the possibility to adjust its position in longitudinal and radial directions relative to the specified assembly. The generator rotor (7) is sealed and fully submerged into water, allowing for presence of water in a gap (10) between the rotor and stator of the power generator. The device additionally comprises external electronic, electromechanical or hydraulic equipment for control of electric voltage and frequency.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to simplify maintenance of a device and reduce its frequency.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. The proposed milking device according to clause 1 comprises a frame with at least one teat cup holder located on it with a teat cup, the changing position tool coupled with the teat cup, the intermediate lever, the means of mounting the teat cup holder in the given position combined with teat cup holder and the frame and, if desired, with the intermediate lever. The teat cup holder is movable relative to the cup. The intermediate lever is connected to the frame and the teat cup holder. It has the first and second joints relative to which, respectively, the teat cup holder and the intermediate lever are made with the ability to incline using the changing position tool. Version of milking device according to clause 9 additionally comprises an additional frame with a base connected to the frame and made with the ability to regulate its height relative to the frame, a milk pipeline which includes a flexible hose having the first end connected to the teat cup. At that the teat cup holder is attached to the base of the additional frame and made with an ability to incline at an angle α in the plane of inclination relative to the additional support frame. The hose extends in the said plane of inclination, at least near the first end. The milking devices of clauses 16 and 19 disclose specific embodiments of implementation of the changing position tool, generally containing a winding drum, the pulling device made with the possibility of winding it on the winding drum and reeling from this drum and directed through the teat cup holder, and the motor of winding with an engine control unit.

EFFECT: group of inventions enhances the compactness of the device and reduction of dirtying of teat cups.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to animal husbandry. The proposed system of dairy farm includes a number of devices to carry out actions related to work of the system. The devices are connected to the network. Many of these devices are the sets of mobile milking machines for milking animals. One such set is configured to use on the first position of milking and the when milking is completed on the first position of milking, to moving to another position for milking for milking animal being at this other position. The sets of milking equipment are configured to wirelessly connect to the network through a radio link of short range. One or a plurality of sets of mobile milking equipment establishes a wireless connection via the radio link of short range when the data must be sent, and then disconnect the connection after the data are passed. This decision also discloses the way of communication in such a system of dairy farm using a radio link of short range.

EFFECT: group of inventions provides greater flexibility, efficiency, reliability, accuracy, stability and ease of operation of a dairy farm.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the field of agriculture. The proposed milking system comprises a vacuum pump, milking equipment connected by a pipeline to the vacuum pump, the first vacuum controller designed to maintain the previously specified vacuum in the milking equipment, the second vacuum controller placed between the first vacuum controller and the vacuum pump and designed to pull the previously specified vacuum to the desired level, a milk counter designed to measure milk flow during milking and a control device. The second vacuum controller comprises a controlled inlet device for air that opens air access into a pipeline. The control device is designed to control the inlet device depending on the measured milk flow. The proposed method of vacuum control in the milking system includes the following operations. The previously specified vacuum is maintained in the milking equipment by means of the first vacuum controller, the previously specified vacuum is pulled to the desired level using the second vacuum controller, the milk flow during milking is measured using the milk counter, then the measured values of the milk flow are sent to the control device, and the second controller is used to control.

EFFECT: invention provides for increased efficiency, reliability, accuracy, manoeuvrability and speed of milking system operation, and also simplicity and ease of usage.

SUBSTANCE: manipulator has pneumatic cylinder connected by means of cable to milking unit, control unit and full-wave pulsator equipped with electric generator. Pneumatic cylinder is attached to pole by means of clip so as to perform rocking motions. Control unit has milk catch with float and is attached to milk pipeline and vacuum pipeline of milking unit. Milk catch is connected through milk pipe to milk receiving chamber of milk claw. Full-wave pulsator is communicating with valve box of vacuum regulator of single-chamber teat cup. Valve box of vacuum regulator has inlet, outlet, and return valves. Return valve is closed by electric valve. Inlet, outlet and return valves, as well as electric valve, are equipped with springy mechanisms. Springy mechanism of each valve is made in the form of two springs symmetrically arranged relative to and at an angle to stem for providing full opening of valves.

SUBSTANCE: portable manipulator has milking unit, control unit attached to milking unit milk pipeline, and pulsator. Pulsator is connected with its two outlet branch pipes to distribution chamber of milk claw and further through branch pipe to control chamber for controlling of pneumatic valve and valve box of vacuum regulator of single-chamber teat cup. Pneumatic chamber of teat cup is made in the form of control chamber and atmospheric chamber which are separated by flexible membrane. Vacuum regulator of teat cup has milk catch, milk discharge chamber and control chamber, said chambers being separated by means of flexible membrane and said control chamber being equipped with valve box and electric valve. Overflow pipe and float with magnet are provided centrally of milk catch.

EFFECT: provision for creating of controlled cow milking regulation mode allowing efficiency to be increased and probability of occurrence of udder mastitis to be reduced.