2016-12-09T13:32:43ZStabilità e capacità produttiva di linee inbred di frumento contenenti geni o cromosomi di D. villosumhttp://hdl.handle.net/2067/2198
Title: Stabilità e capacità produttiva di linee inbred di frumento contenenti geni o cromosomi di D. villosum
Authors: Corbellini, Maria; Vaccino, Patrizia; Banfi, Riccardo; Coppa, Tania; De Pace, Ciro
Abstract: High yielding and good bread-making quality varieties are needed to improve common wheat cultivation in North and Central Italy. We evaluated advanced wheat intragression breeding lines (IBL), obtained from wheat Dasypyrum villosum (Dv)hybridization and backcross to the wheat parent, in order to achieve introgression of small portions of the Dv genome into the wheat nuclear genome. The IBLs were included in three
sets of field trials (A, B, and C), each arranged according to a randomized block design, in three locations.
The agronomic performance of the IL over the tested environments evidenced three main results: A) the IL 41-03, 8-1, and Mut 3-04, are ready to enter the registration process
for releasing new high yielding and good quality wheat varieties; B) the IL CS V58,
CS V59, CS V60 showed early heading, and the IBL CS V32 and CS V63 showed resistance to foliar diseases; the grain yield and phenotypic stability of all of them were as
good or superior to the wheat parent “Chinese Spring”, which suggest that they will be useful donors of genes for heading earliness (CS V60 was at least 8 days earlier than both “Chinese Spring” and the earliest check) and disease resistance in future wheat breeding programs; C) An IBL derived from the T. turgidum var durum cv “Modoc” Dv (M V)amphiplod is early heading, with tenacious glumes, and high protein content suitable as a new “farro” for low – input farming systems.2010-12-31T23:00:00ZAspetti genetico-molecolari e tecnologici del trasferimento al frumento di geni del Dasypyrum villosumhttp://hdl.handle.net/2067/2201
Title: Aspetti genetico-molecolari e tecnologici del trasferimento al frumento di geni del Dasypyrum villosum
Authors: Vaccino, Patrizia; Coppa, Tania; Corbellini, Maria; De Pace, Ciro
Abstract: Many breeding programs rely on gene transfer from the wild and cultivated secondary gene-pool (GP-2) for trait enhancement, but so far no reports on transfer of bread-making quality-related genes from the wild GP-2 of wheat have been released. In this paper, we used small- and large-scale tests to analyze wheat introgression lines (ILs) derived
from Triticum aestivum cv “Chinese Spring” (CS) Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy (Dv)
hybridization. We aimed at ascertaining the efficacy of prolamin subunits encoded by Dv
genes for the improvement of wheat end-use grain quality Biochemical and genetic evidences from backcrossing those lines to CS, and the qualitative results obtained from the lines grown for two years at two localities demonstrated that the ascertained positive effects of the Dv genes on wheat-flour end-use quality correlate weakly with the size of the introgressed Dv chromatin that contained those genes or the protein content of the flour. Dv chromatin
including genes at the Glu-V1 locus, coding for high molecular weight glutenins in Dv, significantly improves wheat bread-making quality, and chromatin from the short arm of 6V chromosome improves also protein and micronutrient (Fe and Zn) content.2010-12-31T23:00:00ZDasypyrum villosum come fonte di geni di resistenza a oidio e ruggine bruna per il miglioramento dei frumenti coltivatihttp://hdl.handle.net/2067/2199
Title: Dasypyrum villosum come fonte di geni di resistenza a oidio e ruggine bruna per il miglioramento dei frumenti coltivati
Authors: Pasquini, Marina; Bizzarri, Marco; Nocente, Francesca; Matere, Antonio; Sereni, Loriana; Casini, Fausto; L'Aurora, Alessia; Vaccino, Patrizia; Corbellini, Maria; Coppa, Tania; Vittori, Doriano; De Pace, Ciro
Abstract: The wild species of cereals comprised in the secondary gene pool (GP 2)of wheat have received specific attention mainly with a view to widening the narrow genetic
basis of cultivated wheats. Dasypyrum villosum Candargy (syn. Haynaldia villosa) (Dv) is an annual, diploid (2n=14), allogamous grass species, belonging to the GP 2 of wheat. This species, originating from Southern Europe and South-Western Asia, is widespread in the Mediterranean region and has been reported as carrying genes for enhancing agronomic and grain quality traits. A study has been carried out on two wheat aneuploid lines (CS V32 and
CS V63) obtained after introgression of chromosome 6V # 4 into the T. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (CS) nuclear genome by interspecific hybridization with a D. villosum population collected
in Latium. The disomic addition line CS+6V carrying chromosome 6V#1 and bred by
the late E.R. Sears, was also included in the study. The two aneuploid lines resulted completely resistant to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) at adult and seedling plant stage. The CS V63 line was crossed to the susceptible disomic addition line 6V # 1 and a suitable mapping population, segregating for powdery mildew resistance, was produced. The F2:3 progenies
were studied both by phytopathological (with selected pathotypes of Bgt) and molecular
(PCR marker) analyses in order to assess the genetic basis of resistance. The observed
resistant: susceptible phenotypic ratio fitted the 3:1 ratio expected for the segregation of the resistance/susceptible alleles at one locus named “PmVt”, presumably located in 6VS. The
resistant phenotype was dominant. Molecular analyses using the RAPD marker OPH171900
were carried out to confirm the location of this gene on 6VS and to verify its relationship with the Pm21 locus and association to the gliadin-encoding locus Gli-V2. The line CS V63 was tested also for resistance to Puccinia triticina (Pt): it resulted susceptible in the experiments
carried out at the seedling stage with different selected Pt pathotypes. When tested
with the same pathotypes in controlled infection at the adult plant stage, and in the field, in multilocation epidemiological trials, the line showed a complete or moderate resistance to this disease, thus indicating the possible presence in 6V # 4 of gene(s) for adult plant resistance
to Pt.2010-12-31T23:00:00Z