Ku Klux Klan

The Ku Klux Klan is a hate group.[1] It was started in the southern United States on 3 March 1865. Most of its hate has been towards African-Americans, but it has also attacked Catholics, Jews and immigrants. It has sought to keep something called "white power", often through very violent acts such as killing people. The first Ku Klux Klan broke up and does not exist anymore. However, other groups with the same name and the same ideas have been created.

The methods of acting against people were often the same: the Klan members tried to frighten the people that the Klan wanted to go out of town. The KKK tried to scare people by burning crosses or by threatening them. If people did not react, the Klan sometimes killed them. The growing violence which was promoted by the KKK led to many lynchings (execution without a fair trial and killing them, often by hanging). The KKK was "prohibited" (made against the law) in 1871. After 1871, many KKK members were imprisoned (put in Prison). However, the Klan had achieved many of its original goals. For example, the occupation troops were moved out of the Southern states, to the West. The KKK affected many African Americans throughout the last century. The establishment of Jim Crow laws restored white supremacy in the South and the "first era" KKK disbanded.[4]

The KKK strongly argued for “white supremacy”. “White supremacy” is the belief that white people are superior to other racial groups.[8]

In 86 years, the KKK killed an estimated 3,446 black people.[9] Most often these were hangings and were not legal executions because there were no trials.[10] Many people now call these acts a form of terrorism because the KKK used fear to control African Americans and take away their political rights. After reaching its height of political influence, the second Klan began to decline.[7] There was a number of scandals, a great deal of internal feuding and people getting tired of their violent image.[7] In the 1920s they had reached a peak of about 5 million members.[7] By the 1930s they were down to about 30,000.[7] They survived another 14 years before disbanding in 1944.[7] This was right after they had been prosecuted for failure to pay federal income taxes.[7]

In the summer of 1964, Edgar Killen killed three African Americans that participated in the civil rights movement.[12] Killen was a member of the Ku Klux Klan.[12] There was an early trial in 1967, but in this trial there was an all-white jury.[12] It resulted in a hung jury so Killen was set free.[12] In 1988 a movie called Mississippi Burning was made which talked about the events of this case.[12] In 2005 there was another trial.[12] Killen (now 80 years old) was sentenced to prison for 60 years.[13]

In 2011 they were estimated to be perhaps as many as 5,000 members.[14]