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SENIORS USP (Seniors - Understanding Sedentary Patterns)

Abstract

People who are physically active as they get older are more likely to remain healthy and independent, whatever their circumstances. High levels of sedentary behaviour are associated with poor health, regardless of how physically active a person is at other points in the day. Although older people spend more time sitting than other age groups, surprisingly little research attention has been devoted to either understanding in detail the link between sedentary behaviour and health or finding out what factors determine how active or sedentary older people are. We have assembled a team of researchers with a wide range of knowledge, skills and experience of working in collaboration with older people to try to unpick these important questions. Our team has been working with two large groups (cohorts) of older people living in and around Edinburgh (since 2004) and Glasgow (since 1987). These people have regularly completed questionnaires about various aspects of their lives and many of them have had detailed assessments of their physical fitness (including grip strength and lung function), their health and their cognitive function (including brain scans).

In the current study, we will ask 750 members of these cohorts to wear a small device for a week that will give us an accurate (objective) measurement of how active and sedentary they are over that period. We will compare our objective measurements with participants' own self-reported estimates of how active and sedentary they have been over the same period (using past cohort questions and current population survey questions) to identify the most accurate survey tool to use in the future. Using these data and the information about these peoples' daily life, activities and health collected during our cohort studies, we will investigate the relationship between previous individual, social and environmental factors and older people's current sedentary and activity levels. We will also examine the effect of being sedentary and largely inactive on a person's health. This will help us identify those people who are most at risk of becoming more sedentary and less active in later life. For example, there is some evidence from the Glasgow group that working class men may be particularly vulnerable to inactivity when they retire.

In addition, we will interview 48 of these cohort members (equal numbers of men and women of different ages and social class who are currently active or inactive) to understand: their views about being sedentary, what they do while they are sitting and how important these activities are to them. We will also ask them about their knowledge about sedentary behaviour and the links between being sedentary and ill health and ways older people might be encouraged to become less sedentary and the barriers that might stop them doing so. We will also understand how receptive different groups of older people (e.g. men vs. women) might be to suggestions about changing their sedentary activities.

Taken together, these views and understandings of the positive and negative aspects of being sedentary will help to design more effective interventions to encourage older people to become less sedentary and more physically active. We will publish and present our findings at international and national conferences and provide recommendations and workshops for professionals on how to develop and tailor support to encourage people to become more physically activity and less sedentary as they age. We will make use of the internet, social media and YouTube brief videos, produce leaflets and host meetings for a wide range of older people and organisations, giving our results and recommendations the best chance to make a positive impact on future research, policy and practice to improve the quality of life of older people.

Technical Summary

Prolonged sitting (sedentary behaviour) is an adverse health behaviour which predicts health risk, independent of other activity behaviours. Interventions aiming to reduce sedentary behaviour require knowledge about the determinants and long- and short-term effects of being sedentary. We will collect objective measures of current patterns of activity and sedentary behaviour (using activPal monitors) in 750 older people (in their 60s, 70s and 80s) from two large cohorts: the West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study and the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. We will characterise the most sensitive objective and subjective ways of reporting activity behaviour. Cohort members have participated in a wide range of prior investigations (e.g. cognitive tests; questionnaires, including self-reported activity/sitting time; medical examinations; blood tests; brain scans). We will use these longitudinal data to investigate individual, social and environmental determinants of current activity/sedentary behaviours and identify which factors are associated with high risk of sedentary behaviour as people age. We will explore the consistency of associations across the cohorts, and the effect that activity/sedentary behaviour has on subsequent health outcomes. Within a selected subsample (n=48) we will investigate the meaning/relevance/importance of, and attitudes towards, sedentary behaviour. Collectively we aim to produce definitive data on: the determinants of sedentary behaviour; the health/cognitive outcomes of long-term inactivity; the views of older people on becoming less sedentary; and the potential benefits to an older person of sitting less or breaking periods of sedentary behaviour more frequently. We will provide recommendations for tailoring future interventions to change and report on older people's activity behaviour.

Planned Impact

Very few older adults reach the recommended levels of activity for health. In the UK, the estimated direct cost of physical inactivity to the NHS is £10 billion. Most health promotion initiatives have focussed on increasing levels of moderate physical activity or specific forms of exercising for health. Such initiatives could have substantial financial impact: The draft Scottish Charter for Physical Activity reports an economic benefit of £85.2 million if the number of inactive Scots was reduced by 1% each year for the next five years. However, new evidence suggests that too much sitting (sedentary behaviour) is a distinct health risk, independent of other physical activity behaviours and older people spend a great deal of their time sitting.

We aim to advance understanding of the life course determinants of patterns of sedentary and activity behaviour in older adults. We will do this by objectively measuring activity patterns in two large Scottish longitudinal cohorts (with a wide range of socioeconomic status, co-morbidities and age) and determining associations with detailed prior assessments of their physical fitness, health and cognitive function. We will determine the subsequent long term health outcomes of sedentary behaviour alongside older people's views of their own activity histories. This will enable us to impact on future intervention development, particularly in terms of 'who' should be targeted and 'how'. We will be able to inform researchers for future studies and population surveys of the best way to pose self-report questions to give valid and reliable responses, because we will be able to compare such questions with objectively measured activity patterns. This should allow a more accurate report of the activity of the older population and changes in activity over time for policy makers.

By exploring older people's views of the effects of sitting and of the potential strategies that could use to help motivate behaviour change, we will be able inform the design of interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour in older people. This research will provide useful information to inform guidelines and to inform providers in certain settings (eg. hospital wards) about desirable mobilisation support and encouragement. It will also provide evidence to support older people living independently to make informed changes (eg. standing in TV advert breaks).

The beneficiaries of this research will include older people, researchers, policy makers, service providers and health/social care/fitness professionals. We will train six researchers in new measurement techniques, statistical analysis of longitudinal data, qualitative methods and analyses, as well as dissemination and knowledge exchange strategies. We will work closely with our Dissemination Advisory Group, through reports, recommendations and the internet, to impact on the culture and practice with service providers and professionals working with older people in the NHS, social care, sheltered housing, residential care and the fitness industry and to engage with government as well as non-governmental, third sector and the commercial private sector. The team have strong links with both national and international organisations and initiatives dedicated to increasing physical activity amongst older people that would benefit from the knowledge gained and provision of practice oriented literature, webinars and short video clips to help change culture and knowledge in their areas of expertise. In short, this research has the potential to impact on the Nation's quality of life through encouraging changes in culture and practice, across all the potential beneficiaries, to reduce long periods of sedentary behaviour and move more often.

The Functional Fitness MOT (FFMOT) was a tool developed by Glasgow Caledonian University and Later Life Training in 2011 for the Glasgow Science Festival. It was developed into a training programme by the BHF NCPAH in 2013 as a direct response to their audit of leisure professionals and a lack of understanding of the different components of fitness. From Summer 2013 to summer 2014 the training has reached over 350 professionals across the UK. In May 2014 the materials were updated with information on advice to give older people about sedentary behaviour and effects on health and function and in particular the messages that professionals could give to older people to help break up prolonged periods of sitting. Since the rewrite of the resource another 130 professionals have been trained in the FFMOT with the updated information on sedentary behaviour. In the Impact Assessment of the FFMOT training, Pg 19 gives information on the project for people to find out more. Pg 7 shows that new information valued by the people in this training included the significance of breaking up sedentary behaviour.

Intervening on sedentary behaviour in older adults: from results to practice

Amount

£20,000 (GBP)

Organisation

University of Glasgow

Sector

Academic/University

Country

United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland (UK)

Start

10/2016

End

04/2017

Title

A novel compositional data analysis approach

Description

Seb Chastin (GCU) has led on this new approach to large data sets of activity behaviour. Although not using data collected through the MRC Seniors USP study (yet), the approach was developed to further understand the data that will be collected more rigorously (including accurate sleep time) in our study than in previous large datasets such as NHANES. The associations between time spent in sleep, sedentary behaviors (SB) and physical activity with health are usually studied without taking into account that time is finite during the day, so time spent in each of these behaviors are codependent. Therefore, little is known about the combined effect of time spent in sleep, SB and physical activity, that together constitute a composite whole, on obesity and cardio-metabolic health markers. Cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2005-6 cycle on N = 1937 adults, was undertaken using a compositional analysis paradigm, which accounts for this intrinsic codependence. Time spent in SB, light intensity (LIPA) and moderate to vigorous activity (MVPA) was determined from accelerometry and combined with self-reported sleep time to obtain the 24 hour time budget composition. This novel method will be used, alongside traditional methods of analysing sedentary behaviour, to analyse the data gathered from the cohorts in the Seniors USP data to consider determinants of sedentary behaviour.

Type Of Material

Physiological assessment or outcome measure

Year Produced

2015

Provided To Others?

Yes

Impact

Requests from International Research Groups on further involvement with large existing datasets on physical activity and sedentary behaviour so they can re-analyse data with the compositional approach. This has led to the submission of a workshop to work with International Researchers on this topic at the World Congress of Active Ageing, Melbourne, Australia in June 2016.

Seniors USP Diary for use with activPAL to accurately report sleeping time

Description

The Seniors USP Diary was developed in order to provide an accurate method of self report of sleep time to be able to accurately record sedentary behaviour. This is necessary as without this the activPAL objective monitor will pick up if someone is lying down but not if they are asleep. If they spend time in bed reading or doing other tasks this should be documented as sedentary behaviour and if they are sleeping, as sleep time. The diary was developed by researchers at GCU but then amended following user group feedback (older people) and feedback from the Dissemination Advisory Group, so that ease of use and lack of ambiguity was ensured. The Diary allows people to easily record sleep times for 7 days and also has a section to record self reported sedentary behaviour yesterday (in the middle of the 7 days) and sedentary behaviour in the last week (last 7 days) so that self report can be accurately compared with objective monitoring.

Type Of Material

Physiological assessment or outcome measure

Year Produced

2015

Provided To Others?

Yes

Impact

The Diary has been marginally adapted for use in the EVERLAP Project (funded by the Physiotherapy Research Foundation). The PI Prof Frederike van Wijck has reported back on its ease of use in a large study with Stroke Survivors.

The Seniors USP Project spent a lot of time on detailed standard operating procedures (SOPs) for the use of activPAL objective monitors within the two cohorts, especially as one cohort would have multiple research nurses doing home visits and collecting the data from the activPALs away from central support. The relevant SOPs are: B07 activPAL skin reaction; C04 use of activPAL; E05a Visual inspection of WP2 data - fieldworkers; and E05b Visual inspection of WP2 activPAL data - GCU.

Type Of Material

Improvements to research infrastructure

Year Produced

2015

Provided To Others?

Yes

Impact

These have since been used in the project EVERLAP (funded by the Physiotherapy Research Foundation, PI Prof Frederike van Wick). The PI has reported ease of use and ease of adaptation to suit her project.

Title

Seniors USP Training Slides for use of activPAL

Description

In order to ensure standardisation within the Twenty 07 cohort research nurses and the LBC1936 cohort research staff and research nurses on the use of the ActivPal with older people, a set of training slides were developed. These include information on charging and programming the monitors, sealing the monitors to make them waterproof, attaching and removing the monitors, downloading data, and conducting a brief visual inspection of the data. Additionally slides were prepared on potential adverse events (skin reaction), frequently asked questions by participants (how to answer them), and common pitfalls of use of the activPAL.

Type Of Material

Improvements to research infrastructure

Year Produced

2015

Provided To Others?

Yes

Impact

An EU funded project EUROFIT (PI Prof Sally Wyke) requested use of the slides to be adapted for use in their training of their fieldworkers.

Title

Seniors USP diary

Description

The diary was developed as part of the Seniors USP study (improving upon previous versions developed within the research team), to allow self-reported record of time in bed, and time asleep. The objective measurement of sedentary time should not include time asleep, but determining this automatically from the objective outcome is currently not possible, therefore an accurate self-report of these items is essential. The diary therefore contributes to the data processing of, and reporting of, an outcome measure (time spent sitting).

Type Of Material

Physiological assessment or outcome measure

Year Produced

2014

Provided To Others?

Yes

Impact

The diary developed as part of the Seniors USP project has been passed across to the EU funded EuroFIT project. The EuroFIT project requested use of the Seniors USP diary to use within their own project, and to remove the need for them to develop a diary tool independently.

Description

Seniors USP Collaboration Agreement between Research Institutions

Organisation

Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU)

Country

United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland (UK)

Sector

Academic/University

PI Contribution

Discussions on final research team contributions and financial implications to the Senior USP Project. All Workpackage Leads involved.

Bill Turnbull, star of BBC's Breakfast News TV, Strictly Come Dancing, Classic FM etc., came to the Psychology department on 23rd January 2017 with a BBC film crew to find out about the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936)/Disconnected Mind study.

BBC1 are planning a series in the Spring called 'Holding back the years'. Each programme will feature a celebrity revisiting a place that means a lot to them, and the programmes will have a focus on the processes of human ageing. Mr Turnbull was at the University of Edinburgh in the 1970's (he shared a flat with Gordon Brown for a term!), and so his programme is based here. It was natural that, to find out more about ageing, and with an Edinburgh locus, he and the BBC filming team visited the LBC1936. A busy afternoon's filming was filled with his interviewing LBC1936 Director Ian Deary, speaking with about a dozen of the LBC1936 participants, and seeing and taking part in some cognitive testing. Look out for the series, especially the Edinburgh-based Bill Turnbull programme in a few months' time.

BHFNC Training day for Functional Fitness MOT for employees in Recreation, exercise and health promotion

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2016

Description

Briefing paper at ILC conference London - 9/11/16 - Bob Laventure

Form Of Engagement Activity

A talk or presentation

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

National

Primary Audience

Professional Practitioners

Results and Impact

Briefing paper to chairs resulting in i6 standing ovations for different speakers throughout the day at ILC Conference London to Ageing, health and social care employees

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2016

Description

Conference Workshop

Form Of Engagement Activity

Participation in an activity, workshop or similar

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

International

Primary Audience

Professional Practitioners

Results and Impact

Workshop at the ISBNPA Conference, South Africa, June 2016 entitled "Measuring Sedentary Behaviour In an Intervention Context" led by Paul Gardiner and supported by Sebastien Chastin and Manon Dontje. Information provided on the 91% ActivPal return rate in Seniors USP to other researchers for future studies using objective monitors.

This was an opportunity to share knowledge and plans for the MRC-funded Seniors USP study. It was attended by CCACE's collaborators and increased the opportunities for future collaborations and research.

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2014

Description

Edinburgh Speakers Festival - Ian Deary

Form Of Engagement Activity

A talk or presentation

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

Regional

Primary Audience

Public/other audiences

Results and Impact

The new Edinburgh Speakers Festival 2016 took place from 9th-11th September and our own CCACE Director was invited to be part of this year's prestigious line-up. Speakers covered a large variety of topics including cognitive ageing, devolution, politics, history, literature, fashion, Islam, capitalism, cycling, RBS, the Lockerbie bombing, whisky and women's equality, but all with a focus on Scotland. Ian's talk was entitled "Understanding Healthy Cognitive Ageing: Scotland's Unique Contribution" and took place on Saturday 10th September.

This is what Ian said about the event:

"Well" said Disconnected Mind Director Ian Deary, "That's the first time I have been on the same bill as Ken Livingstone and Ruth Davisdson! What an ecclectic programme." Ian spoke on healthy cognitive ageing to an audience at the Edinburgh Speakers Festival. Of course, the LBC1936's results were highlighted, with a focus on the likely protective factors for cognitive ageing. "There was a middle-aged finalist from this year's Brain of Britain Radio 4 show in the audience", said Ian, "so that was a good basis from which to explain how crystallised ability ages pretty well." As usual,the photos of Mr Scott and his brain images went down well with the enthusiastic attendees.

Overview of general information on individual differences in human cognitive and brain ageing. Most examples taken from work on the Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 and 1936 and other cognitive ageing studies headed by Ian Deary at the University of Edinburgh. Followed by an extended question time raising additional points and ensuring understanding of the key messages.

Deary, I. J. (2016). Healthy cognitive ageing and the Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 and 1936. The Senior Fellows Club of the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons of Edinburgh. Edinburgh, UK, May.

Overview of general information on individual differences in human cognitive and brain ageing. Most examples taken from work on the Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 and 1936 and other cognitive ageing studies headed by Ian Deary at the University of Edinburgh. Followed by an extended question time raising additional points and ensuring understanding of the key messages.

Invited keynote on developing interventions in PA. Seniors USP mentioned especially for use of qualitative data at British Psychological Society Division of Sport and Exercise Psychology annual conference

Keynote presentation at London sport older people prof forum for those working in physical activity, health, leisure and recreation

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2017

Description

LBC1936 reunion event

Form Of Engagement Activity

A talk or presentation

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

National

Primary Audience

Participants in your research and patient groups

Results and Impact

Talk informed participants of longitudinal cohort of forthcoming planned research (Seniors USP) in the next wave. It prompted some questions from cohort members. The reunion event was covered on regional (Scotland) news programmes that evening

The purpose of the reunion was to inform participants about the results of the study to that date. The purpose of my talk within the reunion was to encourage participants to wear an activity monitor, and Optional part of the next wave of study. Data collection for this wave has only just commenced.

Lecture at Sport and exercise science at Sheffield Hallam University for 1st degree students

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2017

Description

Lothian Birth Cohort reunion April 2014

Form Of Engagement Activity

A talk or presentation

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

Regional

Primary Audience

Participants in your research and patient groups

Results and Impact

A reunion for participants in the Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 and 1936 was held on April 17th 2014 in Edinburgh. Presentations were given by main Principal Investigators and study co-ordinator on the results of the study to date, and short presentations were given on offshoot studies including the 6-Day Sample study and the MRC-funded Seniors USP study from which Dr Philippa Dall presented. There was also a premiere of the film "The Living Brain" made by Anne Milne.

Participants enjoyed the day and were interested and engaged in the information presented. They were given the opportunity to ask questions towards the end of the day and a great range of questions were received and answered. Talks from the reunion are on YouTube http://youtu.be/v1v7mHGkkgI

Penicuik U3A discuss healthy cognitive ageing"It's always a good sign when they have to put out extra chairs," said Ian Deary, after his talk on 16th February to Penicuik's branch of the University of the Third Age. "They said they usually get 30-50 people, but I lost count after 60. It's great to see such enthusiasm for hearing about healthy cognitive ageing and the Lothian Birth Cohorts' contribution to that. I encouraged people in the audience to ask any questions as we went along, and they were good at that. However, there were lots more excellent questions and discussions at the end of the talk. They wanted to know the evidence about many things, including genetics, dementia, physical exercise, smoking, sleep and cognitive engagement. I was especially pleased, when I was having my tea and custard cream afterwards, when an audience member congratulated my team on demonstrating reverse causation for some potential factors in cognitive ageing!" We note that Ian cycled to and from Penicuik to give the talk, which we hope contributed a little towards keeping him sharp.

Poster presentation at British Sociological Association for academics. Approx 10 actively engaged in conversation or took a copy of poster but poster was on display throughout the conference - it was also voted best poster at the conference!

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2016

Description

Pre-retiremenmt training day in Edinburgh - 16/2/16 - Jenny Ackland

Form Of Engagement Activity

A talk or presentation

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

Regional

Primary Audience

Public/other audiences

Results and Impact

Pre-retiremenmt training day in Edinburgh for people 50 plus planning for retirement

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2016

Description

Pre-retirement training day in Glasgow - 2/2/16 - Jenny Ackland

Form Of Engagement Activity

A talk or presentation

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

Regional

Primary Audience

Public/other audiences

Results and Impact

Pre-retirement training day in Glasgow for people 50 plus planning for retirement

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2016

Description

Pre-retirement training day in Glasgow - 4/3/16 - Jenny Ackland

Form Of Engagement Activity

A talk or presentation

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

National

Primary Audience

Public/other audiences

Results and Impact

Pre-retirement training day in Glasgow for people 50 plus planning for retirement

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2016

Description

Pre-retirement training day in Livingston - 15/3/16 - Jenny Ackland

Form Of Engagement Activity

A talk or presentation

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

Local

Primary Audience

Public/other audiences

Results and Impact

Pre-retirement training day in Livingston for people 50 plus planning for retirement

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2016

Description

Pre-retirement training day in Livingston - 8/3/16 - Jenny Ackland

Form Of Engagement Activity

A talk or presentation

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

Local

Primary Audience

Public/other audiences

Results and Impact

Pre-retirement training day in Livingston for people 50 plus planning for retirement

Presentation at pre-retirement training day and discussion for people over 50 planning for retirement

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2016

Description

Presentation to the Scottish Senior Alliance

Form Of Engagement Activity

A talk or presentation

Part Of Official Scheme?

Yes

Geographic Reach

National

Primary Audience

Public/other audiences

Results and Impact

The Senior Alliance asked us to deliver a talk on sedentary behaviour to their members. As a result, they all shared that changing sedentary behaviour seem more achievable that engaging in exercise and that all older adult should be able to. A lot of question were asked about; how much the policy maker are aware of this research and how they could personally reduce their sedentary time. We delivered top-tips to achieve this.

hey requested further information and some of their members have become advisors on several of our research projects. We have had request for more information and tips.

A briefing paper for the public on the health risks of sedentary behaviour was published online on the Seniors USP Project website. It was shared on Facebook and twitter to raise awareness of its existence. Over 400 unique visits to webpage with downloadable resources but we are not able to track how many downloaded it.

We have been asked to produce briefings on interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour through messages on Facebook and twitter as this was so clear.

The Senior USP Project has a Dissemination Group which includes members of a wide variety of organisations, including charities, health and social care, NHS and older peoples organisations. The group met at the Project Start Up Meeting (see other reporting link) and will meet at 6 months intervals throughout the project lifetime (April 2014-Mar 2017). The next meeting is the 12th November 2014.Remit of the DAG: The Dissemination Advisory Group will:• Ensure that the Project website and documentation is understandable to the wide variety of professionals and lay public it is aimed at• Help advertise amongst their networks to ensure good attendance at the seminars and webinars proposed within the project and aimed at both professionals and older people [M3, M5, M20, M31 and M35]• Feed into the two reports to the MRC on dissemination and impact of the project [M18, M36]• Feed onto the Report to policy makers, national survey leads and academics on most accurate and sensitive self-report measures of SB to use in research and practice [M24]• Feed into the Leaflets for older people and professionals working with older people on the effects of Sedentary Behaviour and advice on breaking patterns of Sedentary Behaviour [M35]• Feed into the Final Summary Report of the research project to all participating cohort members, older volunteers and research partners [M36]• Feed into the Intervention translational manual for researchers and professionals working with older people on lessons learned [M36].

The Dissemination Group gave invaluable feedback on dissemination routes within and outwith their organisations (for organisations see Project Meeting Start Up reporting). They also suggested changes to the Patient Information Sheets and the wording of the sedentary behaviour questions to be used in the project to ensure relevance and understanding in an older population. Changes to the patient information sheet and the questionnaires have been actioned as a result of this meeting.

Dawn Skelton, Edith Macintosh and Bob Laventure are expert members of the Active and healthy ageing ref group for the Scottish Government and spoke to the group about the project and the briefing papers coming out, disseminated the website and the importance of encouraging reduction in sedentary behaviour not just increasing those that meet physical activity guidelines.

Jenny Ackland, a member of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, presented information on the Seniors USP project and also the health effects of sedentary behaviour to the CEO and Head Office Team at Age Scotland. The aim was to influence behaviour in the Age Scotland Head Office and to look at ways they could disseminate this information to the wider Age Scotland Team across Scotland and to the older people they work with. The discussed an Age Scotland Blog (which mostly goes to staff members of Age Scotland), an article in their quarterly magazine ADVANTAGE and regular posts on their Facebook and Twitter sites.

This and the blog led to a piece being written by Professor Skelton in the Winter Edition of ADVANTAGE (not out at time of this submission but in press). Future activity with Age Scotland is being planned. The talk has led to further discussion with the CEO Brian Sloan, who has now set up an "Active at Work" group within the Age Scotland offices with representation from each of the teams within the Age Scotland head office. We are currently in discussion about a Partnership Agreement between GCU and Age Scotland. The talk also led to an invitation to give 4 one hour sessions to all staff on the need for physical activity and avoidance of long periods of sitting, at work and with the people they work with (older people).

Anne Simpson, National Osteoporosis Society and a member of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, spoke at this meeting to specialist osteoporosis nurses about sedentary behaviour and the Seniors USP project.

Specialist nurses reported a better understanding of the effects of sedentary behaviour and plan to integrate this into their discussions with people diagnosed with Osteoporosis.

Bob Laventure, BHF National Centre for Physical Activity and Health, and a member of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, presented the Keynote at this Social Care Conference and focussed in on sedentary behaviour in the older people they work with, including mention of the project and the briefing document produced.

Bob Laventure has asked that the project produce further briefing papers for him to disseminate to Social Care Professionals.

90 Welsh professionals attended this Public Health Wales conference on physical activity in older people. Bob Laventure, part of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, presented on new insights into physical activity in older people and the main messages was reducing sedentary behaviour, with mention of the Seniors USP project.

Continued BHF NC PAH activity in disseminating the project and the health effects of sedentary behaviour.

Bob Laventure, BHF National Centre for Physical Activity and Health, and a member of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, presented information on the project, on the health effects of sedentary behaviour and on the research interventions on reducing sedentary behaviour time at Public Health England's Stakeholder Meeting within the Older Peoples Round Table Reference Group. Approximately 20 people (organisations) are part of the reference group shaping Public Health England's future agenda.

AGILE (Chartered Society of Physiotherapy) CPD training day delivered by Bob Laventure on Functional Fitness and included an interactive discussion on the importance of mobilisation of patients in hospital (to avoid sedentary behaviour) and the messaging that physiotherapists give patients about being active. Also lots of discussion about determinants of sedentary behaviour and the need for physiotherapists to have the discussion about long periods of sitting with their patients. This training day has been run in 5 regions across the UK and has reached over 125 physiotherapists who work with older people.

Talk on sedentary behaviour and the project to the Extra Care Annual Conference in Birmingham. Questions centred around methods to encourage older people in the care sector to move more often and the necessity of staff to understand the importance of avoiding prolonged periods of sitting.

The Go For Gold Network is a Scotland Wide network of Care Homes interested in increasing physical activity in care homes. On an annual basis they run events (physical activity) that raise awareness of the importance of activity irrespective of age or health. At this learning session the importance of breaking up prolonged sitting and the emerging briefings from the Seniors USP Project were discussed and the briefings shared. This network is growing in size year on year and they have a Facebook page that disseminates information and twice yearly newsletters.

Go For Gold Care Home Inspectorate learning event in Perth. Professionals and care home staff from across Scotland attend. Dissemination about the importance of mobilising residents as often as possible for health benefits.

Carolyn Greig spoke to the local University of the 3rd Age (Sutton Coalfield - Older people) and there was a lot of interest in the idea of breaking sedentary behaviour as a way of increasing physical activity and maintenance of health.

Mid Lothian dementia friendly team meeting run by the Care Inspectorate. Edith Macintosh discussed the need for all patients, including those with dementia, to be encouraged to break up long periods of sitting.

Edith MacIntosh, Care Inspectorate and member of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, presented a talk at a Care Home in Perth about the need to break up long periods of sitting and be more active. The audience was a mix of staff, residents and family members at the Care Home.

Family members in particular commented on the new information and discussed with Edith MacIntosh how they might encourage their family members to move more often. Apparently the Care Home Manager now has an App that makes him get up once and hour and walk about the care home encouraging others to get up and walk with him.

Edith MacIntosh, Care Inspectorate and member of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, presented a talk at this Forum (30 independent sector health and social care professionals) on the Seniors USP project and the health effects of prolonged sitting.

Discussion about future activity within the forum to highlight sedentary behaviour.

Edith MacIntosh, Care Inspectorate and member of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, presented at two Scottish regional Falls Learning Events (Highlands and Dumfries and Galloway) about a physical activity resource she has been involved with. Sedentary behaviour health effects and the project were mentioned as part of these talks.

Raising awareness of sedentary behaviour amongst health professionals with a specific remit to reduce falls in Scotland. Many discussions about how sedentary behaviour is related/associated with falls.

Edith MacIntosh, Care Inspectorate and member of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, gave a talk at the Mealmore Care Home in Dundee to approximately 100 staff, residents and family members on the project and the value of residents moving more often.

Discussion after the talk on ways in which the home could facilitate the breaking up of long periods of sitting.

Edith MacIntosh, Care Inspectorate and member of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, gave a presentation at NAPA (National Association of Providers of Activity) Scottish Conference to 70 social care professionals. As part of a wider talk on a physical activity resource she discussed sedentary behaviour and mentioned the project.

There has been some discussion on the local auditing of the physical activity resource and whether there will be an indicator of encouraging the breaking up of prolonged periods of sitting.

Dawn Skelton presented a talk on Whats New in Falls Research and included new research on sedentary behaviour and deleterious effects on bone health and other potential determinants of sedentary behaviour that are shared with falls risk. The audience is mainly healthcare practitioners that work with frailer older people (who sit the longest) and there was a discussion about the need for regular mobilisation of patients to avoid the message that sitting for long periods is normal. The evaluation feedback from the conference included many comments about the new information on sedentary behaviour and their willingness to change practice to encourage older people to sit less.

Dawn Skelton spoke at this event for Geriatricians from around the world, on sedentary behaviour and ways in which Geriatricians could inspire both older people and the health practitioners they work with to encourage physical activity promotion in their older patients. There was a voting system in place in the conference and the Geriatricians voted Dawn Skeltons talk the presentation which gave them most new insight to encourage them to change practice.

ROAR (Reaching Older Adults in Renfrew) Annual General Meeting. Dawn Skelton was invited to join the Board of Trustees following her work with ROAR in helping their older residents (befriending services) move more often. A presentation on the importance of breaking up sedentary behaviour was followed by lots of discussion amongst the audience (mostly older people) and they gave many suggestions for ways in which ROAR can continue their training of the befriending volunteers to help people move more often.

Dawn Skelton spoke at the Scottish Parliamentary Cross Party group on Musculoskeletal conditions (30th Sept 2015), facilitated by Anne Simpson of the National Osteoporosis Society. The presentation was specifically about the potential harm we are causing older people by our health professionals not focussing on mobility in care and hospital settings. There were three MSPs in attendance and representation from Arthritis UK and other MSk and Ageing Charities. As a result there was a motion lodged in the Scottish Parliament by Margaret McCulloch on the 2nd Dec 2015 Addressing sedentary behaviour in older people (Motion S4M-15125) which specifically mentions the MRC Seniors USP Project.

Msc Human Sports Sciences, University of Birmingham had a lecture and discussion on sedentary behaviour in older people including the determinants of sedentary behaviour and the ways in which the MRC project was gathering data. There was a lot of debate about methods of collecting data and analysing determinants (especially the correlated determinants) and one MSc student decided to change his dissertation topic in light of this discussion. He also spoke to Dawn Skelton and his MSc supervisor at Birmingham about being interested in pursuing his PhD in the topic of sedentary behaviour and older adults.

Dawn Skelton spoke at a University of Manchester External Seminar which was open to staff, students and the public. The talk was on the effects of sedentary behaviour in old age and there was a lot of discussion afterwards about how the determinants and potential interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour in older people.

Dawn Skelton spoke about sedentary behaviour and the Seniors USP project at this conference. Afterwards some dozen people asked questions about how they could intervene on prolonged periods of sitting with older people with co-morbidities. The conference evaluation showed that the audience found the talk inspiring and would make efforts to engage with frailer older people with the message to break up prolonged periods of sitting.

Live Webinar (Adobe Connect) to Physiotherapists in Alberta, Canada. One and a half hours on functional fitness, physical activity and sedentary behaviour. The webinar had 90 physiotherapists attend live and it is available for viewing on demand after the event. The questions concentrated around ways in which physiotherapists can help older people start the journey to being more active, including breaking long periods of sitting. At the end of the webinar, the organiser, Leanne Loranger, has requested that Dawn and Bob visit Calgary or Edmonton later in the year to provide a day long seminar covering sedentary behaviour and functional fitness. The evaluations were positive and indicated a change in attitudes and knowledge.

Talk given at the Conference of the International Society of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity in Edinburgh on measurement of sedentary behaviour and its context within the MRC Seniors USP Project. Many questions were asked about sleep time and other logistics about accurate sedentary behaviour measurement.

We set up a stall on the Seniors USP project which had activities to promote thinking about sedentary behaviour, context and reason. Over 100 external public and professionals attended, and a similar number of internal colleagues throughout the university. We had a set of over 100 photographs of people sitting and asked people to tag the images with what they thought people were doing (reading, leisure, games, self care, transport etc) and where they were (indoors, outdoors, home, work) and who they were with (family, colleagues at work, alone etc). All these tagged images (over 500 throughout the day) were added to the Folksonomy on Sedentary Behaviour that we are gathering. We provided a brief précis of the Seniors USP study.

We made links with further organisations working with older people for dissemination activity (eg. ROAR, Reaching Older Adults in Renfrewshire).

This morning event explored and consolidated GCU's relationships with the third sector (e.g. voluntary organisations) with regard to research. The Seniors USP project was presented as part of the Healthy Ageing Research Group projects and where future work could link closely with third sector partners and the public. In total, over 50 representatives from National and Local Charities attended.

Discussions with Paths for All (Walk Leaders), AgeScotland and two small social enterprises working with older people on where we could look for future funding in relation to getting older people moving more often and starting with reducing total sitting time.

35 members of staff from Glasgow and other MRC/CSO Units came together for an update on their work and working practices. This Sedentary Behaviour project was presented and also the training and data analyses involved. The unit now has other projects measuring sedentary behaviour and so this dissemination raised a lot of discussion.

Seminar given at the Edinburgh Physical Activity and Health Research Centre about the gathering of qualitative data to look at reasons for sedentary behaviour and ways in which older people think that interventions should be delivered from the interviews within the Seniors USP project. Lots of debate about the importance of relaxation and social engagement, cultural influences and views from older people about the necessity of time to rest.

Seb Chastin hosted this workshop on behalf of the DEDIPAC EC Consortium and the MRC Seniors Project. He brought together 60 physical activity and sedentary behaviour experts (researchers) from across the world and UK policy makers and organisations working with physical activity for a two day consensus workshop on which determinants of sedentary behaviour should be mapped onto a taxonomy of sedentary behaviour for future research and presentation of data for future meta-analysis. This workshop involved an interactive voting system and a series of debates and at the end of the two days, all potential determinants (over 300 found in literature and a previous survey of experts) into groups of determinants for ease of mapping onto the taxonomy. Final agreement was reached and a research paper is being finalised. This will be published in a peer review journal and presented at future conferences.

Anne Simpson, National Osteoporosis Society, and a member of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, presented the project as an agenda item at the Annual Staff Briefing Programme for the National Osteoporosis Society at their Head Office in Bath. Approximately 50 members of staff from across the UK attended.

Discussion about how breaking up long periods of sitting would help staff health and how this information could be disseminated to people living with Osteoporosis, particularly in light of a recent publication by Skelton and Chastin (Seniors USP Team) on bone health and sedentary behaviour.

Jenny Ackland and colleague Yolanda, presented the work of Age Scotland and their links with the MSC Seniors USP project and the value of reducing sedentary behaviour, including the inclusion into Age Scotlands printed calendar. They handed out the Seniors USP Briefings on Health Risks of Sedentary Behaviour and Top Tips to reduce sedentary behaviour to all 30 attendees, including MSPs, other third sector organisations and patient group representatives.

Anne Simpson gave a talk about reducing sedentary behaviour and potential effects on bone health at the NOS/NHS Western Isles falls fractures and osteoporosis study day for health and socal care professionals

Scottish Social Services Council (SSSC) disseminated the USP project and briefing sheets on their website (reaching 190,000 social care workers in Scotland, tweeted (reaching 2275 followers) and put messages on facebook (1163 followers). Comments back suggested people would attend the webinar and they were interested in the briefings.

Diane Woods, Scottish Social Services Council and member of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group, presented the Seniors USP project and the effects of sedentary behaviour on the health of older people at an Internal Management Meeting (Development and Planning Team Meeting) in Dundee to 30 lead SSSC staff members.

Activity on SSSC website promoting webinars and seminars from the Seniors USP Team. Lots of discussion, including requests for standing desks in the offices.

Lots of discussion about how to break up sedentary behaviour safely and one to one contact with David Rennie, CEO of Scottish Care and Davina Davidson, Head of the Coalition of Care and Support Providers in Scotland.

David Rennie, Scottish Care CEO, and Davina Davidson, CCPS, have joined the Seniors USP Dissemination Group to ensure strong links with the project and the research.

inaugural lecture given by Professor Gillian Mead (Stroke Consultant at the University of Edinburgh and Edinburgh Royal Infirmary) covered her work over the years including her work within the Seniors USP project and the importance of breaking prolonged sitting.

The University of Edinburgh send out a quarterly magazine, The Disconnected Mind, to the cohort members of LBC36. Each issue since the start of the MRC Seniors USP project has included a paragraph on the progress of the project and in due course will start updating the cohort members on the results and papers published.

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2014,2015,2016

Description

Seniors USP Expert Advisory Group Meetings

Form Of Engagement Activity

A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

International

Primary Audience

Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.)

Results and Impact

The Seniors USP project has an International Expert Advisory Panel which meets annually (in person or by teleconference) to aid decision making of the Seniors USP Co-investigator Team. The Expert Advisory Team are made up of X international academic experts in Sedentary Behaviour (older people. adults and children) - Professor Neville Owen (Australia); Professor I-Min Lee (USA); Professor Jim Sallis (USA) and Dr Paul Gardiner (Australia). Terms of Reference have been issued and the first face to face meeting occurred in Rio at the 5th International Congress on Physical Activity and Public Health - April 9th 2014.

Remit of the EAG: The Expert Advisory Group will ensure: External scrutiny of the project; Expert requested advice over Sedentary Behaviour and health outcomes and behaviour change; Suggestions as to international opportunities for dissemination

The Expert Advisory Panel gave some recommendations on the content of the sedentary behaviour self report questions and timing of questions in line with the objective monitoring. They also gave feedback on other questions being asked of the older people in the two cohorts on social, environmental and cultural determinants of sedentary behaviour. These have been implemented into the final set of questionnaires agreed by ethics for the two cohorts.

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2014

Description

Seniors USP Internal Management Group Meetings

Form Of Engagement Activity

A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

Local

Primary Audience

Professional Practitioners

Results and Impact

The Seniors USP Project has monthly Internal Management Group Meetings in order to make decisions based on the project outcomes and impact. This includes the preparation of ethics, the day to day running of the recruitment and the standard operating procedures, training needs of the research team and general project management. The WorkPackage Leads attend this teleconference on a monthly basis (or send a replacement) and reports are presented and actions taken as appropriate.

Remit of the IMG: The Internal Management Group will ensure: ?overall project co-ordination, ?research governance (cohorts and study SOPs), ?ethics requirements are met and recorded, ?integration between workpackages, ?timely completion of objectives ?timely reporting to MRC, ?timely feedback on submitted publication protocols and manuscripts ?and risk analysis of non-completion. The IMG also have overall responsibility for: ?Content and invites for the Start Up Meeting [M2] ?Project Website contents (with Dissemination Advisory Group - DAG) ?Content and invites for the Seminars and Webinars planned (with DAG) [M3, M5, M20, M31, M35] ?Content of Six monthly and Annual reports to MRC [M7, M13, M19, M25, M31, M37] ?Reports on dissemination and impact to MRC (with DAG) [M18, M36] ?Report to policy makers, national survey leads and academics on most accurate and sensitive self-report measures of SB to use in research and practice (with DAG) [M24] ?Leaflets for older people and professionals working with older people on the effects of SB and advice on breaking patterns of SB (with DAG) [M35] ?Final Summary Report of the research project to all participating cohort members, older volunteers and research partners (with DAG) [M36] ?Intervention translational manual for researchers and professionals working with older people on lessons learned (with DAG) [M36]

We submitted a short piece to AGILITY - AGILE is a Professional Network of the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy and is for therapists working with older people. This one page article introduced the health effects of sedentary behaviour on older people and asked the question whether physiotherapists were giving consistent messages about breaking up of long periods of sitting and moving more often. It also introduced the Seniors USP project. The readership of AGILITY is 600 physiotherapists working with older people in the UK. Only old issues are available online, however a URL to the home page of the journal is given below.

This brief piece led to a request from Agility Editor to write a longer piece and explain a bit more about the project. This longer article is due for the Winter Edition 2014.

As a result of the shorter article in the Summer Edition of AGILITY (Seniors USP Media - AGILITY (CSP professional journal) Summer 2014 Edition) we have submitted a longer 1500 word piece with references for the Winter Edition. The readership of AGILITY is 600 physiotherapists working with older people.

None as yet as not yet published (submitted as part of this years impact report will be updated at next reporting period)

Dawn Skelton wrote an article for older people in the Age Scotland Advantage Magazine. This followed up activity by Jenny Ackland (Age Scotland) on their webpages, blog and social media. The magazine has a very large reach (over 5000 paper copies distributed and online) but does not document impact.

Jenny Ackland, one of Age Scotland's Allied Health Professionals, talks us through the research and why, even with a background in health, she was surprised by just how much of an impact sedentary behaviour can have on our physical and mental wellbeing. She highlighted the Seniors USP project and encouraged Age Scotland workers to sit less and be more active as well as encouraging the older people they work with to do the same.This stimulated the invitation to write a piece for ADVANTAGE, the quarterly Age Scotland Magasine for older people - due out in the Winter Edition 2014.

Age Scotland office staff have been sitting for less time and incorporating more standing work opportunities. Age Scotland have suggested that the first step is just to take notice of the amount of sitting that the staff all do in a working day and think about how they can be more active. They suggested making a point of standing up when they answer the phone or have standing or walking meetings. One Team member was particularly enthusiastic - from the Men in Sheds Team - and encouraged the Men in her scheme to create a Standing Desk for Jenny, which she now uses.

Age Scotland now have a page dedicated to awareness for older people about sedentary behaviour -Sit Less. It mentions the Seniors USP project and links to the Seniors USP top tips for breaking sedentary behaviour and other useful resources. A few emails have been received from older people thanking Age Scotland for the information.- Since the Sit Less page was published online, it has been viewed 366 times. - The average time users spend on the page is 3min 22secs (+50.27% higher than the Age Scotland website average of 2min 15 sec).- The page has been printed 250 times.

The Alliance Scotland are members of the Seniors USP Dissemination Group and in their Aug/Sept Edition of their newsletter Dementia Carers Voices they did a piece on the public briefing document (see Engagement Activities) in their newsletter (pg 3).

Some of the carers have registered to attend the Seminar on the 12th Nov at GCU.

Online piece from Media Office at GCU. On GCU website so openly available to the public.

This raised awareness within the University of the Seniors USP Project and brought in approximately ten enquiries from the public who wanted to be part of the research. We are working with defined cohorts of older adults in this research so instead offered the ability for them to join our Research Database (has ethical approval) for future projects.

An article written in the Go For Gold Challenge Newsletter from the Care Inspectorate, Scotland and the BHF National Centre for Physical Activity and Health. This brief piece (pg 6) explained the need for residents to be encouraged to break long periods of sitting and be more active and introduced the project to care home managers and residents. The article was written by two colleagues within the Seniors USP Dissemination Group.

Edith MacIntosh (one of the authors) has reported more interest from care home managers on how they can get their residents to break up long periods of sitting. The Head of Inspections for the Care Inspectorate, Dr Robert Peat has been in touch interested in quality standards for activity in care homes.

A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

International

Primary Audience

Public/other audiences

Results and Impact

Contacted by Ian Hamilton, BBC Radio, after he heard about the Seniors USP project. He invited me to speak on the Pop Up Radio Station for the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. I was on the show for over 45 minutes and linked in the project with other information for the public on health effects of sedentary behaviour and of potential ways to improve health by moving more often and the UKs physical activity guidelines for health.

Regular invitations from BBC Scotland and Radio programmes to be available for comment on issues to do with physical activity, ageing and sedentary behaviour. These have not been noted in impacts as are often 5 minutes or less and no way of noting impact.

A copy of the Seniors USP Briefing Health Risks of Sedentary Behaviour was added to handouts at the Scottish Seniors Alliance Annual Conference (which include older people, organisations) and members of the Scottish Older Peoples Assembly within the Scottish Government).

A copy of the Seniors USP Briefing Health Risks of Sedentary Behaviour was added to the Newsletter sent out to the 500 members of the Scottish Seniors Alliance (which include older people, organisations) and members of the Scottish Older Peoples Assembly within the Scottish Government).

These pre-project meetings clarified roles, introduced the team to each other, discussed the Expert Advisory Panel and the invitations to the Dissemination Group. All co-investigators attended.Meeting dates: 18th Sept 2013; 3rd March 2014;

Better understanding of the project and strong encouragement for dissemination activities and noting impact.

The aim of this Start Up Meeting was to introduce the Seniors USP research team to the External Partners of our Dissemination Advisory Group. 26 people attended this meeting, including External Partners from the following organisations:Scottish Seniors Alliance (and Scottish Older Peoples Assembly)British Heart Foundation National Centre for Physical Activity and HealthCare InspectorateNHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (Healthy Working Lives) and NHS Forth Valley (AHP Research and Dev)Scottish Social Services CouncilScottish CareNational Osteoporosis SocietyAlliance Scotland (Health and Social Care Alliance)Age ScotlandScottish Government (CMO office and Co-production and Community Capacity Building)British Geriatrics SocietyUniversities - Prof Gail Mountain, Prof Carol TannahillThe second day concentrated on dissemination, the role of the Group in terms of raising awareness, helping the research team with advice on wording of questionnaires and information sheets for the older people in the cohorts.

Considerable future activity to raise awareness in the different organisations of the health effects of prolonged sitting - blogs and articles requested for magazines and newsletters. Members reported a better understanding of the research pathway to the outcomes we expected from this project (particularly the seniors and care organisations).

105 people attended this event (this activity added a few days before the event for reporting purposes). Running from 1.30pm-5pm this Seminar covered new research (by the team) on the health effects of sedentary behaviour, the context of sedentary behaviour and thoughts on sedentary behaviour in particular in care and hospital settings for patients and residents. Registrations were from across Scotland so many people travelled. We had speakers from the team and also external speakers (Care Inspectorate, BHF National Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Professor of Gerontology, Trondheim University, Norway).It has also been disseminated through the College of Occupational Therapists as a formal learning opportunity - http://ilod.cot.org.uk/formal_learning/opportunity/?formal_id=4628 and the British Heart Foundation National Centre for Physical Activity and Health as a recommended event to attend - http://www.bhfactive.org.uk/older-adults-projects-item/493/index.htmland the Scottish Social Services Council as a recommended event to attend - http://www.sssc.uk.com/policy-news-and-events/the-latest-from-sssc/events/non-sssc-events/12-sedentary-behaviour-and-health?layout=table and Scottish Care also have disseminated it- http://www.scottishcare.org/news/sitting-and-its-effect-on-health--free-seminar-12th-november/PalTechnologies (ActivPal) have also tweeted regularly - https://twitter.com/paltechnologiesThe Joint Improvement Team (JIT scotland) have disseminated the seminar in their weekly bulletins and tweets.

None as yet (Seminar was on 12th November 2014 one day before this report submitted).

1 hour Seminar given to Researchers in the Dept. of Ageing and Living Conditions (ALC) at the University of Umeå, Sweden - Reducing Sedentary Behaviour in Older People, Why and How. Approximately 25 staff and students attended. Covered the Seniors USP project aims and intended outcomes. Open discussion on reporting of sedentary behaviour in Swedish National Health Survey and the potential for future funding bids with GCU and Umeå University.

One of the team (SC) presented at the local SOPA conference on sedentary behaviour and the Seniors USP project (half an hour) and took questions from the older people about the project and the health effects of too much sitting. 27 older people representatives for SOPA attended.Scottish Older Peoples Assembly (Advisory Panel to the Scottish Government led by Older People) - http://www.scotopa.org.uk

Consolidated links with the Scottish Seniors Alliance, who sit on the Seniors USP Dissemination Group.

Talk given at Physiotherapy UK Annual Conference. Specifically I got people to rise from their chair twice in the presentation and encouraged them to think about their patients, particularly in hospital, and the effects of them just sitting there over 70% of the time not moving and the additional effects on sarcopenia and mobility problems when they leave hospital. Although the talk also covered strength and balance most of the discussion was around the sedentary behaviour part of the talk.

I had 5 emails from people saying it had made them change their practice and they were working more closely with nursing colleagues to mobilise patients more and one physiotherapist wrote to ask if there were ay postgraduate opportunities to work in sedentary behaviour.

This 1.5 hour free access webinar was streamed live on the lunchtime of the 27th August 2014. People had to register to gain access but the event was free and they were able to attend from their desk at work or home rather than travel into the University. The webinar covered the emerging health effects of sedentary behaviour in older people (Skelton), introduced the Seniors USP project and team (Skelton), discussed new research on sedentary behaviour in Stroke Patients (Mead), discussed potential interventions that might help motivate people to break up long periods of sitting (Gray). 106 people attended the webinar live. They ranged from the public (older people, charities working with older people) to professionals (health and social care, companies, leisure industry), researchers (academic and clinical) and policy makers (Scottish Government, Age Platform EC, European Unions EIP AHA). The reach was mostly UK Wide but there were attendees from Poland, Portugal and Greece. Since the live event, the link is available for people to watch On Demand and to date an additional 44 people have viewed the seminar and 60 people have book-marked it. It was well advertised on a variety of websites hosted by our Seniors USP Dissemination Group (eg. http://ssscnews.uk.com/events/get-go-sitting-bad-older-people/)

We were contacted by the Coalition of Care and Support Providers Scotland about joining the Dissemination Group. We were asked by Age Scotland to write an article in their quarterly magazine for older people. We were asked if there was going to be any future seminars or webinars that people could attend and this included both organisations (notably NHS boards) and individuals. Considerable Facebook activity on Age Scotland, Go For Gold (Care Inspectorate and BHF NCPAH), World Congress on Active Ageing, Later Life Training, PalTechnologies and Use It or Lose It Facebook sites about how good it was and encouraging people to register and view it on demand afterwards. We were contacted also by Ilenia Gheno, Research Project Manager at AGEPlatformEurope,the European platform for older people, based in Brussels. She invited us to get involved in the platform and to find out more about an EC funded project DOREMI which links the issues of sedentariness with malnutrition and cognitive decline.

This is the projects main website to share information on the project to collaborators, peers and other academics. It gives information on the project aims and outcomes, items in the news and presentations that are open access as well as some downloadable resources that will increase over time. It is the main point of access for all social media posts that link to open access seminars and webinars and to news items and eventually publications.

Contacts have been made through the website from health professionals and academics wanting to know more about the project.

The seniors USP study launched with a two day inaugural meeting. Academic collaborators in the project spoke about the project, to an audience of peers and members of the study dissemination advisory group. There were also group discussions on the wider topic of sedentary behaviour. The dissemination advisory group consists of health professionals and professionals from other organisations, with a remit for providing care or advice to older adults. The presentations initiated lively debate amongst the attendees, increasing awareness of the topic and its impact.

Members of the dissemination advisory group reported increased understanding of the study and the background of sedentary behaviour. They committed to dissemination of ideas about sedentary behaviour, and the Seniors USP project within and using their organisations. Group members requested additional resources to facilitate that wider dissemination. A number of individuals suggested they would try to change their own behaviour to reduce prolonged sitting.

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2014

Description

Seniors USP project webinar

Form Of Engagement Activity

A talk or presentation

Part Of Official Scheme?

No

Geographic Reach

International

Primary Audience

Professional Practitioners

Results and Impact

Talk sparked questions form audience members which were answered live and posted online after the webinar

I do not have this information as I was not involved in managing the webinar

Year(s) Of Engagement Activity

2014

Description

Sittonomy the folksonomy of sedentary behaviour

Form Of Engagement Activity

Participation in an activity, workshop or similar

Part Of Official Scheme?

Yes

Geographic Reach

International

Primary Audience

Public/other audiences

Results and Impact

Sittonomy asked the public to label different scene of sedentary behaviour presented to them as random pictures of everyday living from a large databse in their own language and with their own view. To date sittonomy has collected over 50000 labels which form a taxonomy generated by folks (folksonomy). In parallel the project engaged 120 experts internaitonally to develop an expert xonsensus taxonomy. This taxonomy has been adopted by the Joint European Initiative on Diet and Physical Activity action on determinants of diet and physical activity www.dedipac.eu.Several conferences presentation were delivered in 2012-2014 about this project and the first results published in PLOS One as the project required that the result be publish in open access journal.

There has been a lot of different impact from sittonomy. It has allowed us to engage the public of all ages in research on sedentary behaviour and raise awareness about sedentary behaviour. We also engaged with a lot of different organisation via social media and the project currently has over 400 followers on twitter. The taxonomy has been adapted as standard to harmonise and plan future european research by the European Joint Initiative on the Determinants of Diet and Physical Actitvity. Ultimately the mixing of expert consensus and folksonomy aim at bringing a common language and terminology between researcher and the public.Similar project are planned for other health behaviour.

The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) got a good airing on BBC Radio Scotland on Sunday 26th February 2017. LBC1936 participant Margaret Macintosh and Study Director Ian Deary were interviewed by presenter Cathy MacDonald on the programme Sunday Morning With... "Cathy MacDonald was clearly very taken with the uniqueness and long-term nature of the LBC1936 sample and the importance and range of the findings", said Ian, "and so a piece that was planned to be 5-10 minutes long ran for about 20 minutes. It was great to hear Margaret's enthusiasm for the project, her reflections on what we do, and what we might add to the study." The radio piece was stimulated by the front-page article in The Times on 21st February 2017 which discussed the study on personality stability that was conducted on the LBC1936's sister study, the 6-Day Sample.

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