This is the English version of "Tomioka Nikki". Tomioka Silk Mill is the first full-blown, large-scale silk-reeling factory in Japan that the Meiji government established in Gunma Prefecture in 1872 for the purpose of modernization.The government invited French advisers to come to Japan because France was a superior country in reeling silk. Mill hands were also recruited from all over Japan. Eventually, other silk mills were established throughout the country after the Tomioka model and some mill hands who had learned the newest silk-reeling techniques at Tomioka Silk Mill played active and important roles at the silk mills in their hometowns. Ei Wada, the author of Tomioka Diary, was one of these mill hands who returned to her hometown in Nagano and helped establish Rokkosha Silk Mill. When she turned fifty years old, she vividly depicted her experiences from her days back in Tomioka and Nagano when she worked as a mill hand. This diary has become a valuable document showing how machines were first used in the silk reeling business in the beginning of the Meiji period. In 2014, UNESCO added “Tomioka Silk Mill and Related Sites" to the World Heritage List, and its value became recognized throughout the world.