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4.
Collaboration with industry
l Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding (CDCB)
responsible for receiving data and for
computing and delivering US genetic
evaluations for dairy cattle
l AIP responsible for research and
development to improve the evaluation
system
l CDCB and AIP employees co-located in
Beltsville
l Dr. João Dürr is CDCB CEO
Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil 10 September 2014 (4) Cole

27.
Evaluation flow (continued)
Final evaluations calculated
Evaluations released to dairy industry
Download from CDCB FTP site with
separate files for each nominator
Monthly release for new animals
All genomic evaluations updated 3 times
each year with traditional evaluations
Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil 10 September 2014 (27) Cole

46.
Application to more traits
Animal’s genotype good for all traits
Traditional evaluations required for accurate
estimates of SNP effects
Traditional evaluations not currently available
for heat tolerance or feed efficiency
Research populations could provide data for
traits that are expensive to measure
Will resulting evaluations work in target
population?
Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil 10 September 2014 (46) Cole

47.
Parentage validation and discovery
Parent-progeny conflicts detected
Animal checked against all other genotypes
Reported to breeds and requesters
Correct sire usually detected
Maternal grandsire (MGS) checking
SNP at a time checking
Haplotype checking more accurate
Breeds moving to accept SNPs
in place of microsatellites
Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil 10 September 2014 (47) Cole

52.
Impact on breeders
Haplotype and gene tests in selection and
mating programs
Trend towards a small number of elite
breeders that are investing heavily in
genomics
About 30% of young males genotyped
directly by breeders since April 2013
Prices for top genomic heifers can be
very high (e.g., $265,000 )
Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil 10 September 2014 (52) Cole

54.
Impact on dairy producers (continued)
Sires
Higher average genetic merit of available
bulls
More rapid increase in genetic merit for
all traits
Larger choice of bulls in terms of traits
and semen price
Greater use of young bulls
Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil 10 September 2014 (54) Cole

55.
Conclusions
Genomic evaluation has dramatically changed
dairy cattle breeding
Rate of gain is increasing primarily because of
a large reduction in generation interval
Genomic research is ongoing
Detect causative genetic variants
Find more haplotypes affecting fertility
Improve accuracy through more SNPs, more
predictor animals, and more traits
Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil 10 September 2014 (55) Cole