Instruction& Guidelines for ALLENtab

Course Upgradation/ Changes:

Only current course registration fee and 2nd year ALLENtab charges is payable for upgrading/new enrollment using the same ALLENtab hardware.

2nd year ALLENtab charges for using the same ALLENtab 11" Hardware is INR 2100/- only (inclusive of all taxes) and 2nd year ALLENtab charges for using the same ALLENtab 7" Hardware is INR 1700/- only (inclusive of all taxes). This is for the extended service & support of the same Hardware for 2 Year.

Using the same ALLENtab Hardware, Existing Student can either upgrade or can enroll fresh Student in an ALLENtab course for only 1 more successive academic session.

With same ALLENtab Hardware, 2nd year upgradation is possible only for 1 year course.

Upgradation & Changes with same hardware is not applicable FROM & TO 2-year (Nurture) Course.

Utility:

ALLENtab hardware is meant for Academic use only and will not be supported by ALLENtab program after initiation of any non-academic purpose.

The Hardware for ALLENtab Course is designed to be used for maximum 2 Academic sessions.

Instruction& Guidelines for ALLENtab

Course Upgradation/ Changes:

Only current course registration fee and 2nd year ALLENtab charges is payable for upgrading/new enrollment using the same ALLENtab hardware.

2nd year ALLENtab charges for using the same ALLENtab 11" Hardware is INR 2100/- only (inclusive of all taxes) and 2nd year ALLENtab charges for using the same ALLENtab 7" Hardware is INR 1700/- only (inclusive of all taxes). This is for the extended service & support of the same Hardware for 2 Year.

Using the same ALLENtab Hardware, Existing Student can either upgrade or can enroll fresh Student in anALLENtab course for only 1 more successive academic session.

With same ALLENtab Hardware, 2nd year upgradation is possible only for 1 year course.

Upgradation & Changes with same hardware is not applicable FROM & TO 2-year (Nurture) Course.

Utility:

ALLENtab hardware is meant for Academic use only and will not be supported by ALLENtab program after initiation of any non-academic purpose.

The Hardware for ALLENtab Course is designed to be used for maximum 2 Academic sessions.

ALGEBRA : Quadratic Equation ( Roots of quadratic
equation, Solution by Factorization and by
Shridharacharya Formula, Properties of roots (real,
equal, maginary etc), Application of Quadratic
equation in physics), Binomial Theorem and binomial
approximation, Logarithm and Exponents ( Laws of
logarithms and exponents with applications /
examples), Series ( Arithmetic Progression and its
general term and Sum, Sum of first n Natural
numbers, Geometrical Progression and its general
term and Sum, Sum of infinite GP ), Componendo & Dividendo rule.

CALCULUS: Differential calculus ( Average rate of
change and I nstantaneous rate of change,
Differentiation of commonly used functions, Rules of
differentiation including Product and Quotient rules,
Application of derivatives: Increasing and Decreasing
nature, Maxima and Minima with geometrical /
graphical explanation ), Integral calculus ( Integrationis the reverse process of differentiation, Indefinite
and Definite Integration, Integration of commonly
used functions, Rules of Integration, Application of
Integral calculus: Area under a curve and Average
value of a continuous function in an interval ).

VECTORS : Definition of scalar and vector quantities,
Graphical representation of vectors, Notation of
Vectors, Angle between two vectors , Types of Vectors
( Unit vector, Null vector, Equal vectors and equality of
vectors, opposite and Negative of a vector, Parallel
and anti-parallel vectors, Co-planar vectors, axial
vectors) , Position and displacement vectors ,
Addition/subtraction of two vectors ( Triangle law,
Parallelogram law ), Addition of many vectors
(Polygon law ),Unit vectors and their significance
(Representation of vector in terms of unit vector in
plane and in space ) , Resolution of a Vector into
components i.e. Cartesian Components in two and
three dimensions and Direction Cosines,
Multiplication or Division of a Vector by a Scalar (i.e.
Real number) ,Scalar (Dot) product of two Vectors and
component of a vector in the direction of another
vector , Vector (Cross) product of two Vectors with its
geometrical interpretation and Right hand rule for
direction.

COLLISIONS AND CENTRE OF MASS :
Impulse of a force and Impulse-Momentum theorem,
Idea about Impulsive forces,
Law of conservation of linear momentum and its
applications, Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and
two dimensions (Head-on and Oblique collisions),
Coefficient of restitution and line of impact,
Expression of loss in Kinetic energy in inelastic
collision,
Centre of mass of discrete system: two-particle
system and n-particle system, Centre of mass of
continuous system: General formula, Centre of mass
of symmetrical rigid bodies; centre of mass of uniform
rod , Centre of mass of composite and truncated
bodies , Motion of centre of mass: Velocity,
Acceleration and linear momentum vector of centre
of mass of the system , Momentum conservation and
centre of mass motion.

7

Syllabus of Test # 1, 2, 3, 5 & 6

8

ROTATIONAL MOTION :
Kinematics of Rotational Motion about a fixed axis:
Comparison of linear and rotational motions,
Moment of inertia, radius of gyration and its
significance. Values of M.I. for simple geometrical
objects (Ring, Rod and Disc with derivation and
others with no derivation).Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications,
Moment of a force-torque, Equilibrium of rigid
bodies, Angular momentum, Relation between
torque and Angular momentum, Conservation of
angular momentum with some examples , Pure
Rolling or rolling motion on a smooth/rough
horizontal surface. Expression for Rotational Kinetic
Energy, Rolling motion on an inclined plane,
Expression for acceleration and minimum friction
coefficient.

Thermodynamics : Thermal equilibrium and
definition of temperature ( Zeroth law of
Thermodynamics). Heat, work and internal energy. First law of thermodynamics. Cyclic, Isochoric,
Isobaric, Isothermal and Adiabatic processes, Second
law of the thermodynamics: Reversible and
irreversible processes. H e atengines and
refrigerators.
Kinetic theory of gases : Gas Laws, Equation of state of
a perfect gas, Brief idea of van der Waals' equation
and Critical temperature, Assumptions, Concept of
pressure. Different types of speeds of gas molecules,
Maxwell's velocity distribution curve, Kinetic energy
and temperature; Degrees of freedom, Law of
equipartition of energy (statement only) and
application to specific heat capacities of gases;
Concept of mean free path.

GRAVITATION :
The universal law of gravitation(Newton's law of
Gravitation), Gravitational Field and its Intensity, Brief
idea about Iner tial and Gravitational mass,
Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with
altitude and depth. Idea about variation in g due to
Shape and Rotation of earth, Gravitational potential
energy and gravitational potential, Kepler's laws of
planetary motion (The law of orbits, Areas and
Periods), Motion of Planets and Satellites in Circular
orbits ,Orbital velocity of a satellite, Total Energy and
Binding Energy of a satellite, Escape velocity and
escape energy, Geostationary satellites, Idea about of
polar satellites, Weightlessness.

OSCILLATIONS :
(SHM, damped and forced oscillations& Resonance)
Periodic (harmonic) motion and Oscillatory motion,
Periodic motion-period, frequency, displacement as a
function of time, Periodic functions, Simple harmonic
motion (SHM) and its equation; Velocity, Acceleration
and Phase, Oscillations of a spring-restoring force and
force constant. Equivalent spring constant of Series
and parallel combinations, Energy in SHM –Kinetic
and Potential energies, Simple pendulum-derivation
of expression for its time period, Superposition of two
SHMs of Same Frequency in the same direction, Free,
forced and damped oscillations (qualitative ideas
only), resonance.

CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY
IN PROPERTIES : Why do we need to
classify elements, Genesis of periodic classification.
Modern periodic law and long form of periodic table,
Nomenclature of elements with atomic number> 100, Electronic configuration of elements and types
of elements. periodic trends in properties of
elements- atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization
enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity,
valency.

THERMODYNAMICS : First law of thermodynamicsinternal
energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and
specific heat, measurement of rU and rH, Hess’s
law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of : bond
dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization,
sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution
and dilution. Introduction of entropy as state
function, Second law of thermodynamics, Gibbs
energy change for spontaneous and non -
spontaneous process, criteria for equilibrium and
spontaneity. Third law of thermodynamics- Brief
introduction.

s–BLOCK ELEMENTS (Alkali and Alkaline Earth
Metals) : Group I and group II elements:Group I and group II elements:
General introduction, electronic configuration,
occurrence, anomalous properties of the first
element of each group, diagonal relationship, trends
in the variation of properties (such as ionization
enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii), trends in chemical
reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogen and
halogens; uses. Preparation and Properties of some
important Compounds: Sodium carbonate, sodium
chloride , sodium hydroxide and sodium
hydrogencarbonate, biological importance of
sodium and potassium. Anomalous behaviour of Be.
Industrial use of lime and limestone, biological
impor tance of Mg and Ca. Some Important
Compound of Calcium.
Industrial use of lime and limestone, biological
impor tance of Mg and Ca. Some Impor tant
Compound of Calcium.

Group 14 Elements : General introduction, electronic
configuration, occurrence, variation of properties,
oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity,
anomalous behaviour of first element. Carbon,
allotropic forms, physical and chemical properties:
uses of some important compounds : (Carbon and
Silicon) oxides, Important compounds of silicon and
a few uses: silicon tetrachloride, silicones, silicates and zeolites, their uses.

DIVERSITY IN LIVING WORLD : What is living? ;
Biodiversity; Need for classification; Three domains of
life; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and
taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature; Tools
for study of Taxonomy – Museums, Zoos, Herbaria,
Botanical gardens.
Five kingdom classification; salient features and
classification of Monera; Protista and Fungi into major
groups; Lichens; Viruses and Viroids. Prokaryotic Cell
(Bacteria). Salient features and classification of plants
into major groups-Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes,
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms (three to five salient
and distinguishing features and at least two
examples of each categor y); Angiosperms classification
up to class, characteristic features and
examples).

2

ANIMAL KINGDOM : Salient features and
classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla
level and chordate up to classes level (three to five
salient features and at least two examples).

ALGEBRA : Quadratic Equation ( Roots of quadratic
equation, Solution by Factorization and by
Shridharacharya Formula, Properties of roots (real,
equal, imaginary etc), Application of Quadratic
equation in physics), Binomial Theorem and binomial
approximation, Logarithm and Exponents ( Laws of
logarithms and exponents with applications /
examples), Series ( Arithmetic Progression and its
general term and Sum, Sum of first n Natural
numbers, Geometrical Progression and its general
term and Sum, Sum of infinite GP ), Componendo& Dividendo rule.

CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY : Defne Origin, Axis or
Axes, Co-ordinates of a point in a plane or space (2D
or 3D), Distance Formula, Slope of a line and its
interpretation, Graphs of commonly used functions
(Straight line, Parabola, Circle, Ellipse , Hyperbola
including rectangular hyperbola , Sinusoidal
functions (sine and cosine functions), Exponential
functions.

CALCULUS: Differential calculus ( Average rate of
change and Instantaneous rate of change,
Differentiation of commonly used functions, Rules of
differentiation including Product and Quotient rules,
Application of derivatives: Increasing and Decreasing
nature, Maxima and Minima with geometrical /
graphical explanation ), Integral calculus ( Integration
is the reverse process of differentiation, Indefnite
and Defnite Integration, Integration of commonly
used functions, Rules of Integration, Application of
Integral calculus: Area under a curve and Average
value of a continuous function in an interval ) ,

VECTORS: Defnition of scalar and vector quantities, Graphic
representation of vectors, Notation of Vectors, Angle
between two vectors , Types of Vectors ( Unit vector,
Null vector, Equal vectors and equality of vectors,
opposite and Negative of a vector, Parallel and antiparallel
vectors, Co-planar vectors, axial vectors) ,
Position and displacement vectors ,
Addition/subtraction of two vectors ( Triangle law,
Parallelogram law ), Addition of many vectors
(Polygon law ),Unit vectors and their signifcance
(Representation of vector in terms of unit vector in
plane and in space ) , Resolution of a Vector into
components i.e. Cartesian Components in two and
three dimensions and Direction Cosines ,
Multiplication or Division of a Vector by a Scalar (i.e.
Real number) ,Scalar (Dot) product of two Vectors
and component of a vector in the direction of
another vector , Vector (Cross) product of two Vectors
with its geometrical interpretation and Right hand
rule for direction.

UNIT, DIMENSIONS AND MEASUREMENTS : Classifcation of Physical Quantities according to
their dependency i.e. Fundamental (or Base) and
Derived quantities , Need for measurement ( Units of
measurement ) , Systems of units ( FPS, CGS, MKS, SI
system of units and Supplementar y units,
fundamental and derived units , Some idea about
Practical and Improper units) , Standards of Length,
mass and time measurements, Dimensions of
physical quantities, Dimensional Formulae of
important physical quantities, Dimensional analysis
and its applications & its limitations, SI prefixes and
general guidelines for using Symbols of SI units,
Errors in measurement ( Systematic, Random and Least count Errors) , Accuracy and precision of
measuring instruments ; Absolute Error, Relative
Error, Percentage Error and Combination of Errors,
Significant of figures and its rules for Arithmetic
operations ( i.e. addition, subtraction, multiplication
and division) ,Rounding off the uncertain digits.

ELECTROSTATICS :
Electric charges and their basic properties,
Conductors and Insulators, Method of charging:
Charging by Friction, Charging by Induction and
Charging by Conduction, Gold-leaf Electroscope,
Coulomb's law-force, between two point charges,
force, between multiple charges and Superposition
principle, Equilibrium of charge systems and SHM,
Electric field Intensity, electric field due to a point
charge and a system of charges. Electric field due to
an arc, Electric field on an axial point of Ring, Electric
field lines and their properties, Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to
find field due to [Infinitely long straight wire, Uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, Uniformly
charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside)], Electric potential, Potential difference,
Electric potential due to ( A point charge, A system of
charges, Ring(on an axial point),Conducting and non
conducting sphere),Electrical potential energy of a
system of two/more than two point charges,
Equipotential surfaces, Relation between Field and
Potential, Motion of charged particle in Electric Field,
Electric dipole and dipole moment (Electric Potential
due to a dipole, Electric field due to a dipole, Torque
on a dipole in a uniform electric field, Electrical
potential energy of electric diploes in an electrostatic
field, Work done in rotating a dipole)

Current electricity and Heating Effects of Current Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic
conductor, drift velocity and mobility, relaxation time
and their relation with electric current and current
density,Ohm's law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (liner and non-linear),Electrical
resistivity and conductivity,Carbon resistors, colour
code for carbon resistors,Series and parallel
combinations of resistors,Temperature dependence
of resistance,Internal resistance of a cell, potential
difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in
series and in parallel,Kirchhoff's laws (KCL and KVL)
and simple applications,Wheatstone bridge, Meter
Bridge,Potentiometer-principle and applications to,
Measure potential difference, For comparing emf of
two cells, Measurement of internal resistance of a cell,
Moving coil galvanometer and its,Current sensitivity
and voltage sensitivity,Conversion to ammeter and
voltmeter, Electrical energy and power. Applications
to Electric Bulbs and Heaters.

3

LAWS OF MOTION AND FRICTION : Intuitive concept of force, Basic or Fundamental
forces in nature, The law of Inertia, Newton's first law
of motion ,Momentum and Newton's second law of
motion; impulse , Newton's third law of motion ,
Common forces in mechanics-Weight, Normal
reaction, Friction, Contact force, Tension in string,
Free Body diagram, Equilibrium of concurrent forces-
Lami's theorem, Motion of bodies in contact or
connected by strings, Pulley systems , Frame of
Reference-Inertial and Non Inertial Frames. Pseudo
Force and its applications , Cause of Friction, Static
and Kinetic friction , Laws of friction, Limiting Static
and Kinetic friction coefficients, Angle of Friction,
Angle of Repose , Rolling friction, Lubrication.

Capacitors : Concept of Capacity, Capacitors and capacitance, Capacity of an Isolated Spherical Capacitor, Sharing
of Charges, Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor
with and without dielectric medium between the
plates, Conductors and insulators, free charges and
bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and
electric polarization, Combination of capacitors in
series and in parallel, Work done by Battery in
charging of a capacitor. Energy stored in a capacitor,
Charging and discharging of a Capacitor, Vande
Graaff generator.

MAGNETIC EFFECT OF CURRENT AND MAGNETISM :
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment,
Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying
circular loop and straight wire, Ampere's law and its
applications to (Infinitely long straight wire, Straight
and toroidal solenoids),Circular motion of a moving
charged particle in uniform magnetic field, Force on a
moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric
fields (Lorentz force) (Velocity Selector, Cyclotron],
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform
magnetic field, Force between two parallel currentcarrying
conductors-definition of ampere, Torque
experienced by a current loop in a magnetic field,
Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic
dipole moment. Magnetic dipole moment of a
revolving electron, Bar Magnet(Magnetic field
intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet)
along its axis and perpendicular to its axis, Torque on
a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform
magnetic field, Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid,
Magnetic field lines),Earth's magnetic field and
magnetic elements, Magnetic proper ties of
Materials(Diamagnetism with examples, Para
magnetism with examples, Ferromagnetism with
examples and brief analysis of magnetic Hysteresis,
Electromagnets and factors affecting their strengths,
Permanent magnets)

6

COLLISIONS AND CENTRE OF MASS :
Impulse of a force and Impulse-Momentum theorem,
Idea about Impulsive forces,

Law of conservation of linear momentum and its
applications, Elastic and inelastic collisions in one
and two dimensions (Head-on and Oblique
collisions), Coefficient of restitution and line of
impact, Expression of loss in Kinetic energy in
inelastic collision,

Centre of mass of discrete system: two-particle
system and n-particle system, Centre of mass of
continuous system: General formula, Centre of mass of symmetrical rigid bodies; centre of mass of
uniform rod , Centre of mass of composite and
truncated bodies , Motion of centre of mass: Velocity,
Acceleration and linear momentum vector of centre
of mass of the system , Momentum conservation and
centre of mass motion.

ROTATIONAL MOTION :
Kinematics of Rotational Motion about a fixed axis:
Comparison of linear and rotational motions,
Moment of inertia, radius of gyration and its
significance. Values of M.I. for simple geometrical
objects (Ring, Rod and Disc with derivation and
others with no derivation).Statement of parallel and
perpendicular axes theorems and their applications,
Moment of a force-torque, Equilibrium of rigid
bodies, Angular momentum, Relation between
torque and Angular momentum, Conservation of
angular momentum with some examples , Pure
Rolling or rolling motion on a smooth/rough
horizontal surface. Expression for Rotational Kinetic
Energy, Rolling motion on an inclined plane,
Expression for acceleration and minimum friction
coefficient.

Thermodynamics: Thermal equilibrium and
d efinition of temperature ( Zeroth law of
Thermodynamics). Heat, work and internal energy.
First law of thermodynamics. Cyclic, Isochoric,
Isobaric, Isothermal and Adiabatic processes, Second
law of the thermodynamics: Reversible and
irreversible processes . Heat engines and
refrigerators.

Kinetic theory of gases : Gas Laws, Equation of state of
a perfect gas, Brief idea of van der Waals' equation
and Critical temperature, Assumptions, Concept of
pressure. Different types of speeds of gas molecules,
Maxwell's velocity distribution curve, Kinetic energy
and temperature; Degrees of freedom, Law of
equipartition of energy (statement only) and
application to specific heat capacities of gases;
Concept of mean free path.

Ray optics and optical Instruments :
Reflection of light (Laws of Reflection, Refleection at
Plane Surface (Plane Mirror): Formation of Image,
Deviation, Rotation of mirror, Number of images,
velocity of image, Minimum length of mirror to see
full image of a man, Field of view, Reflection at
Spherical Surface(Curved Mirror: Rules of image
tracing, Image formation in concave and convex
mirrors, Focal length of spherical mirrors, Relation
between u,v and f (i.e. Mirror Equation for Para-axial
rays), Sign convention, Magnification),Refraction of
rays), Sign convention, Magnification),Refraction of
light at Plane Surface(Snell's law, Total internal
reflection and its applications (Mirage, Looming,
Diamond, prism and optical fibers),Optical Path,
Lateral and normal shift],Refraction at spherical
surfaces(single and double surface),Lenses( Thin lens
formula, Lens-maker's formula, Magnification, Power
of a lens, Combination of thin lenses in contact,
Combination of a lens and a mirror, Silvering of
Lenses, Chromatic and Spherical Aberrations.),
Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism,
combinations of prisms, Some Natural Phenomena
due to Sunlight(Rainbow-dispersion of sun light and
TIR, Scattering of light- blue colour of the sky and
reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and
sunset),Optical instruments( Human eye, image
formation and accommodation, correction of eye
defects (myopia, hypermetropia and astigmatism)
using lenses, Microscopes and telescopes (reflecting
and refracting) and their magnifying powers)

Wave front and Huygens' Principle, reflection and
refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using
wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction
using Huygens' Principle, Coherent and incoherent
sources, LASER(only qualitative idea),Superposition
of Light Waves: Interference, Young's double slit
experiment and expression for fringe width,
coherent sources and sustained interference of
light,Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central
maximum, Resolving power of microscopes and
astronomical telescopes, Eye and Rayleigh Criterion,
Polarisation, Polarisation by Scattering and
Reflection, plane polarized light, Brewster's law, uses of plane polarized light and Polaroid's.

11

Syllabus of Test # 8, 9 & 10

12

GRAVITATION :
The universal law of gravitation(Newton's law of
Gravitation), Gravitational Field and its Intensity, Brief
idea about Iner tial and Gravitational mass,
Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with
altitude and depth. Idea about variation in g due to
Shape and Rotation of earth, Gravitational potential
energy and gravitational potential, Kepler's laws of
planetary motion (The law of orbits, Areas and
Periods), Motion of Planets and Satellites in Circular
orbits ,Orbital velocity of a satellite, Total Energy and
Binding Energy of a satellite, Escape velocity and
escape energy, Geostationary satellites, Idea about of
polar satellites, Weightlessness.

OSCILLATIONS : (SHM, damped and forced oscillations& Resonance)

Periodic (harmonic) motion and Oscillatory motion,
Periodic motion-period, frequency, displacement as
a function of time, Periodic functions, Simple
harmonic motion (SHM) and its equation; Velocity,
Acceleration and Phase, Oscillations of a springrestoring
force and force constant. Equivalent spring
constant of Series and parallel combinations, Energy
in SHM –Kinetic and Potential energies, Simple
pendulum-derivation of expression for its time
period, Superposition of two SHMs of Same
Frequency in the same direction, Free, forced and
damped oscillations (qualitative ideas only),
resonance.

SOLID STATE : Classification of solids based on
different binding forces; molecular, ionic covalent
and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids
(elementary idea), unit cell in two dimensional and
three dimensional lattices, calculation of density of
unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids,
number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point
defects, electrical and magnetic properties, Band
theory of metals, conductors, semiconductors and
insulators.

CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY
IN PROPERTIES : Why do we need to classify elements,
Genesis of periodic classification. Modern periodic
law and long form of periodic table, IUPAC
Nomenclature of elements with atomic number> 100, Electronic configuration of elements and types
of elements. periodic trends in properties of elements- atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization
enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, lectronegativity,
valency.

CHEMICAL KINETICS : Rate of a reaction (average
and instantaneous), factors affecting rates of
reaction; concentration, temperature, catalyst; order
and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific
rate constant, integrated rate equations and half life
(only for zero and first order reactions); concept of
collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical
treatment). Activation energy, Arrhenious equation.

THERMODYNAMICS : First law of thermodynamics,
internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and
specific heat, measurement of ▲U and ▲H, Hess’s
law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of : bond
dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization,
sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution
and dilution. Introduction of entropy as state
function, Second law of thermodynamics, Gibb's
energy change for spontaneous and non -
spontaneous process, criteria for equilibrium and
spontaneity. Third law of thermodynamics- Brief
introduction.

General Principles and Processes of Isolation of
Elements : Principles and methods of extractionconcentration,
oxidation, reduction electrolytic
method and refining; occurrence and principles of
extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron.

REDOX REACTIONS : Concept of oxidation and
oxidation and reduction, redox reactions oxidation
number, balancing redox reactions in terms of loss
and gain of electron and change in oxidation
numbers.

s–BLOCK ELEMENTSGroup I and group II elements: General
introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
anomalous properties of the first element of each
group, diagonal relationship, trends in the variation
of properties (such as ionization enthalpy, atomic
and ionic radii), trends in chemical reactivity with
oxygen, water, hydrogen and halogens; uses.
Preparation and Properties of Some important
Compounds: Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride,
sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogencarbonate,
biological importance of sodium and potassium.
Industrial use of lime and limestone, biological importance of Mg and Ca.

11

Syllabus of Test # 8, 9 & 10

12

ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS AND ETHERS : Alcohol:
Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and
chemical properties (of primary alcohols only);
identification of primary, secondary and tertiary
alcohol; mechanism of dehydration, uses with special
reference to methanol and ethanol. Some
commercially important alcohols.

DIVERSITY IN LIVING WORLD : What is living?;
Biodiversity; Need for classification; Three domains of
life; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and
taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature; Tools
for study of Taxonomy – Museums, Zoos, Herbaria,
Botanical gardens.

Plant Diversity : Five kingdom classification; salient
features and classification of Monera; Protista and
Fungi into major groups; Lichens; Viruses and Viroids.
Prokaryotic Cell (Bacteria)

Salient features and classification of plants into major
groups - Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes,
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms; Angiosperms classification
up to class, characteristic features and
examples).

3

ANIMAL KINGDOM : S alient features and
classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla
level and chordate up to classes level (three to five
salient features and at least two examples).

Ecology and environment & Demography :
Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche;
Population and ecological adaptations; Population
interactions-mutualism, competition, predation,
parasitism; Population attributes-growth, birth rate
and death rate, age distribution (Demography).