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Schaeffer was born in New York City, New York and later graduated with a degree in drama and dance from Bard College. After graduating, he drove a New York City taxi for nine years, during which time he wrote two stage plays, a novel, twenty screenplays and various other works.

Schaeffer rose to fame with fellow actor/writer/director Donal Lardner Ward on the independent film, My Life's in Turnaround (1993), which was made in fifteen days for only $200,000. Schaeffer and Ward parlayed the film's success into Too Something (1995–1996), a short-lived sitcom that was briefly renamed New York Daze.

In recent years Schaeffer has been writing an autobiographical blog, I Can't Believe I'm Still Single, about his relationships and ongoing search for love. Schaeffer has turned the blog into a book, I Can't Believe I'm Still Single – Sane, Slightly Neurotic (But in a Sane Way) Filmmaker into Good Yoga, Bad Reality TV, Too Much Chocolate, and a Little Kinky Sex Seeks Smart, Emotionally Evolved ... Oh Hell, At This Point Anyone Who'll Let Me Watch Football.

1.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange

2.
New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the United States, the New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State, two-thirds of the states population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, the next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. New York has a diverse geography and these more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario, between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade, the British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state, New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. On April 17,1524 Verrazanno entered New York Bay, by way of the now called the Narrows into the northern bay which he named Santa Margherita. Verrazzano described it as a vast coastline with a delta in which every kind of ship could pass and he adds. This vast sheet of water swarmed with native boats and he landed on the tip of Manhattan and possibly on the furthest point of Long Island. Verrazannos stay was interrupted by a storm which pushed him north towards Marthas Vineyard, in 1540 French traders from New France built a chateau on Castle Island, within present-day Albany, due to flooding, it was abandoned the next year. In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Corstiaensen, rebuilt the French chateau, Fort Nassau was the first Dutch settlement in North America, and was located along the Hudson River, also within present-day Albany. The small fort served as a trading post and warehouse, located on the Hudson River flood plain, the rudimentary fort was washed away by flooding in 1617, and abandoned for good after Fort Orange was built nearby in 1623. Henry Hudsons 1609 voyage marked the beginning of European involvement with the area, sailing for the Dutch East India Company and looking for a passage to Asia, he entered the Upper New York Bay on September 11 of that year

3.
Bard College
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Bard College, founded in 1860, is a private liberal arts college in Annandale-on-Hudson, a hamlet in Dutchess County, New York, United States, in the town of Red Hook. The campus overlooks the Hudson River and Catskill Mountains, and is within the Hudson River Historic District, the institution consists of a liberal arts college, a conservatory, as well as eight graduate programs offering over 20 graduate degrees in the arts and sciences. The undergraduate student-to-faculty ratio is 10,1, the college has a network of over thirty-five affiliated programs, institutes, and centers, spanning twelve cities, five states, seven countries, and four continents. Bards Annandale campus serves as an important regional cultural institution, both the CCS Hessel Museum of Contemporary Art and the Richard B. Fisher Center for the Performing Arts are located on campus. The college also hosts two acclaimed annual arts festivals, Bard SummerScape, and the Bard Music Festival, during much of the nineteenth century, the land now owned by Bard was mainly composed of several country estates. These estates were called Blithewood, Bartlett, Sands, Crugers Island, in 1853, John Bard and Margaret Bard purchased a part of the Blithewood estate and renamed it Annandale. John Bard was the grandson of Samuel Bard, a prominent doctor, a founder of Columbia Universitys medical school, John Bard was also the nephew of the Rev. John McVickar, a professor at Columbia University. The family had connections with the Episcopal Church and Columbia. The following year, in 1854, John and Margaret established a school on their estate in order to educate the areas children. A wood-frame cottage, known today as Bard Hall, served as a school on weekdays, in 1857, the Bards expanded the parish by building the Chapel of the Holy Innocents next to Bard Hall. During this time, John Bard remained in contact with the New York leaders of the Episcopal Church. The Church suggested that he found a theological college, with the promise of outside financial support, John Bard donated the unfinished Chapel, and the surrounding 18 acres, to the diocese in November 1858. In March 1860, St. Stephens College was founded, in 1861, construction began on the first St. Stephens College building, a stone collegiate gothic dormitory called Aspinwall. During its initial years, the college relied on wealthy benefactors, the college began taking shape within four decades. In 1866, Ludlow Hall, a building, was erected. Preston Hall was built in 1873 and used as a refectory, a set of four dormitories, collectively known as Stone Row, were completed in 1891. And in 1895, the Greek revival Hoffman Memorial Library was built, the school officially changed its name to Bard College in 1934 in honor of its founder. In the 20th century, social and cultural changes amongst New Yorks high society would bring about the demise of the great estates

4.
Americans
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Americans are citizens of the United States of America. The country is home to people of different national origins. As a result, Americans do not equate their nationality with ethnicity, although citizens make up the majority of Americans, non-citizen residents, dual citizens, and expatriates may also claim an American identity. See Names for United States citizens. S, virgin Islands and Northern Mariana Islands in the 20th century. It also includes influences of African-American culture, westward expansion integrated the Creoles and Cajuns of Louisiana and the Hispanos of the Southwest and brought close contact with the culture of Mexico. Large-scale immigration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from Southern and Eastern Europe introduced a variety of elements, immigration from Asia, Africa, and Latin America has also had impact. A cultural melting pot, or pluralistic salad bowl, describes the way in which generations of Americans have celebrated and exchanged distinctive cultural characteristics, in addition to the United States, Americans and people of American descent can be found internationally. As many as seven million Americans are estimated to be living abroad, the United States of America is a diverse country, racially, and ethnically. Some other race is also an option in the census and other surveys, people of European descent, or White Americans, constitute the majority of the 308 million people living in the United States, with 72. 4% of the population in the 2010 United States Census. They are considered people who trace their ancestry to the peoples of Europe, the Middle East. Of those reporting to be White American,7,487,133 reported to be Multiracial, with largest combination being white, additionally, there are 29,184,290 White Hispanics or Latinos. Non-Hispanic Whites are the majority in 46 states, there are four minority-majority states, California, Texas, New Mexico, and Hawaii. In addition, the District of Columbia has a non-white majority, the state with the highest percentage of non-Hispanic White Americans is Maine. The largest continental ancestral group of Americans are that of Europeans who have origins in any of the peoples of Europe. This includes people via African, North American, Caribbean, Central American or South American and Oceanian nations that have a large European diaspora, the Spanish were the first Europeans to establish a continuous presence in what is now the United States. Martín de Argüelles born 1566, San Agustín, La Florida, was the first person of European descent born in what is now the United States. Twenty-one years later, Virginia Dare born 1587 Roanoke Island in present-day North Carolina, was the first child born in the Thirteen Colonies to English parents. 8% of the total population, Hispanic or Latino Americans constitute the largest ethnic minority in the United States. They form the second largest group after non-Hispanic Whites in the United States, hispanic/Latino Americans are very racially diverse, and as a result form an ethnic category, rather than a race

5.
Sitcom
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A situation comedy, or sitcom, is a genre of comedy centered on a fixed set of characters who carry over from episode to episode. Sitcoms can be contrasted with sketch comedy, where a troupe may use new characters in each sketch, and stand-up comedy, Sitcoms originated in radio, but today are found mostly on television as one of its dominant narrative forms. This form can also include mockumentaries, a situation comedy television program may be recorded in front of a studio audience, depending on the programs production format. The effect of a studio audience can be imitated or enhanced by the use of a laugh track. The terms situational comedy or sitcom werent commonly used until the 1950s, there were prior examples on radio, but the first television sitcom is said to be Pinwrights Progress, ten episodes being broadcast on the BBC in the United Kingdom between 1946 and 1947. There have been few long-running Australian-made sitcoms, but many U. S. UK sitcoms are a staple of government broadcaster Australian Broadcasting Corporation, in the 1970s and 1980s many UK sitcoms also screened on the Seven Network. By 1986, UK comedies Bless This House and Are You Being Served, had been repeated by ABC Television several times, and were then acquired and screened by the Seven Network, in prime time. In 1981, Daily at Dawn was the first Australian comedy series to feature a gay character. In 1987, Mother and Son was winner of the Television Drama Award presented by the Australian Human Rights Commission, in 2013, Please Like Me was praised by the critics, receiving an invitation to screen at the Series Mania Television Festival in Paris. And has garnered three awards and numerous nominations, nominated to the 2012 Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts Awards for Best Television Comedy Series. Conversely, however, Canadian television has had greater success with sketch comedy and dramedy series. The popular show King of Kensington, aired from 1975 to 1980, corner Gas, which ran for six seasons from 2004 to 2009, became an instant hit, averaging a million viewers per episode. It has been the recipient of six Gemini Awards, and has been nominated almost 70 times for various awards, other noteworthy recent sitcoms have included Call Me Fitz and Schitts Creek, Letterkenny and Kims Convenience. Sitcoms started appearing on Indian television in the 1980s, with serials like Yeh Jo Hai Zindagi, since it ceased production in 1992, the show has earned an estimated billion in syndication fees alone for Televisa. Gliding On, a popular sit-com in New Zealand in the early 1980s, won awards over the course of its run, including Best Comedy, Best Drama. The first Russian sitcom series was Strawberry, which was aired in 1996-1997 on the RTR channel, however, the boom of Russian sitcoms began only in the 2000s - when in 2004 the STS started very successful sitcom My Fair Nanny. Since that time sitcoms in Russia were produced by the two largest entertainment channels of the country - STS and TNT, in 2007 the STS released the first original domestic sitcom - Daddys Daughters, and in 2010 TNT released Interns - the first sitcom, filmed as a comedy. Most American sitcoms generally include episodes of 20 to 30 minutes in length, some popular British shows have been successfully adapted for the U. S

6.
Creative Artists Agency
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Creative Artists Agency or CAA is an American talent and sports agency based in Los Angeles, California. It is regarded as a dominant and influential company in the talent agency business, in March 2016, CAA had 1,800 employees. Creative Artists Agency was formed by a handful of agents at the William Morris Agency in 1975, at a dinner, Mike Rosenfeld, Michael Ovitz, Ron Meyer, William Haber, and Rowland Perkins decided to create their own agency. According to one report, the agents were fired by William Morris before they could obtain financing and their firm was incorporated in Delaware and had a $35,000 line of credit and a $21,000 bank loan and rented a small Century City office. Within a week, they sold a show called Rhyme and Reason, the Rich Little Show. Representing numerous A-list actors and having about $90 million in bookings in the late 1980s. By the mid-1990s, CAA had 550 employees, about 1,400 of Hollywoods top talent, in the 1990s, CAA was owned mostly by several key agents, including Michael Ovitz, Bill Haber, and Ron Meyer. Haber was credited for the revival of top TV producer Aaron Spelling, Ovitz expanded the agency into advertising and telecommunications. In 1992, the Coca-Cola company placed CAA in charge of much of its marketing campaign, in 1995, CAA was described as the industrys most powerful agency. In the middle 1990s, however, there were changes in management. In 1995, Ron Meyer was appointed as the head of MCA, the departure of Ovitz and Meyer brought an exodus of some of CAAs top-marquee names. Talent agent Jay Moloney was originally part of the transition but due to his addiction, he was fired. In 1996, several CAA agents defected to rival agency William Morris Endeavor, the partners founded the CAA Foundation in 1996 to create positive social change by encouraging volunteerism, partnerships, and donations. In 2012, it worked with Insight Labs for education reform, the agency continued to grow in the 21st century. In 2003, it opened a New York City office to manage theatre clients, from 2005 to 2015, CAA developed greater fiscal discipline, with more emphasis on profits, possibly as the result of the influence of private equity firms. During these years, CAA doubled in size, from 750 to 1,500 employees, in 2010, new technological developments such as the digital distribution of movies put strains on the industry. There was pressure to diversify into television, publishing, concerts, in that year, private equity firm TPG Capital invested substantial sums in CAA, it invested $165 million with an additional $200 million in debt financing. Agents are the core of the business, the players, putting together deals, while the public focus is on the moviemakers and actors and TV

7.
If Lucy Fell
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If Lucy Fell is a 1996 romantic comedy film written and directed by Eric Schaeffer, who also co-stars in the film alongside Sarah Jessica Parker, Ben Stiller and Elle Macpherson. It was released on DVD January 30,2001, a young Scarlett Johansson plays a neighbor / art student of the main couple. Joe MacGonaughgill and Lucy Ackerman are roommates and best friends living in a small Manhattan apartment, Lucy is turning thirty and her love life is embarrassingly dull. Joe on the hand is infatuated with his attractive neighbor Jane. Lucy then decides to form a pact with Joe like theyd had back in college. If they do not both find love by the time Lucy turns thirty, then they will both jump off the Brooklyn Bridge. Jane comes to a show of Joes where Joe finally gathers up the courage to ask her out, while Lucy begins dating Bwick Elias. Joe soon realizes that Jane isnt who he thought she ought to be, Bwick also turns out to be no Joe for Lucy. It is at point that Joe and Lucy realize that they are perfect for each other. If Lucy Fell earned mostly negative reviews critics, holding an 18% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 28 reviews. If Lucy Fell at the Internet Movie Database If Lucy Fell at Rotten Tomatoes If Lucy Fell at Box Office Mojo

8.
Romance film
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Romance films make the romantic love story or the search for strong and pure love and romance the main plot focus. Occasionally, romance lovers face obstacles such as finances, physical illness, various forms of discrimination, as in all quite strong, deep, and close romantic relationships, tensions of day-to-day life, temptations, and differences in compatibility enter into the plots of romantic films. In romantic television series, the development of romantic relationships may play out over many episodes. Historical romance - A romantic story with a period setting and this includes films such as Gone with the Wind, Doctor Zhivago and Titanic. Romantic drama usually revolves around an obstacle which prevents deep and true love between two people. Music is often employed to indicate the mood, creating an atmosphere of greater insulation for the couple. The conclusion of a romantic drama typically does not indicate whether a final union between the two main characters will occur. Chick flick is a term associated with romance films as many are targeted to a female audience. As such, the terms cannot be used interchangeably, films of this genre include Dirty Dancing, The Notebook, Dear John, A Walk to Remember, and Romeo + Juliet. Romantic comedies are films with light-hearted, humorous plotlines, centered on romantic ideals such as true love is able to surmount most obstacles. Humour in such films tends to be of a verbal, low-key variety or situational, films within this genre include Four Weddings and a Funeral, Love Actually, Moonstruck, As Good as It Gets, Somethings Gotta Give, It Happened One Night, When Harry Met Sally. Romantic fantasies describe fantasy stories using many of the elements and conventions of the romance genre, romantic action comedies are films that blend romantic comedy and action. Examples include Killers, Knight and Day, Mr. & Mrs. Smith, This Means War, romantic thriller is a genre of film which has a storyline combining elements of the romance film and the thriller genre. Some examples of romantic thriller films are The Adjustment Bureau, The Phantom of the Opera, The Tourist, The Bodyguard, Unfaithful, and Wicker Park

9.
Fall (1997 film)
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Fall is a 1997 film directed by, written by and starring Eric Schaeffer, alongside Amanda de Cadenet. The film was followed by a 2011 sequel After Fall, Winter, Michael Shiver is a cab driver in New York. One day, supermodel Sarah Easton enters his taxi and they have a short, a few days later, he sees her by chance when having dinner with his two close friends, and they have a short interaction. The movie develops with the two of them becoming interested into each other and slowly falling in love while Sarahs husband is away in Rome for two months. Michael occasionally writes her love poems and surprises her with gifts such as a thousand roses delivered to her hotel room in Spain. Towards the end, there is a conflict between Sarah and Michael, in which Sarah says how Michael doesnt understand her life and that everything happens on his terms. Michael reveals that he was a writer and had known her kind of life, Sarah goes back to her husband and Michael sends her his best-selling book along with a last letter with which the film ends

10.
Never Again (2001 film)
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Never Again is a 2001 American comedy film written and directed by Eric Schaeffer. The film stars Jeffrey Tambor, Jill Clayburgh, Caroline Aaron, Bill Duke, Sandy Duncan, the film was released on July 12,2002, by USA Films. Feinstein Abigail Morgan as Girl #1 Ebon Moss-Bachrach as Andy Jimmy Noonan as Muscular Waiter Peter Reardon as Runner Manuel E, on Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 31%, based on 61 reviews, with a rating of 4. 4/10. The sites critical consensus reads, The performances are excellent, never Again at the Internet Movie Database

11.
Jill Clayburgh
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Jill Clayburgh was an American actress. She won Best Actress at the Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in the 1978 film An Unmarried Woman and she received a second Best Actress Academy Award nomination for the 1979 film Starting Over. Clayburgh made her Broadway debut in 1968 and starred in the original Broadway productions of the musicals The Rothschilds and she starred in the 1975 TV movie Hustling, which earned her an Emmy Award nomination. In 1984, she returned to Broadway in the revival of the play Design for Living and she received a second Emmy nomination for her 2004 guest role in the drama series Nip/Tuck. She next starred in the drama series Dirty Sexy Money and her other film roles included Silver Streak, Semi-Tough, La Luna, First Monday in October, Shy People, Whispers in the Dark and Bridesmaids. Her paternal grandmother was concert and opera singer Alma Lachenbruch Clayburgh, Clayburghs mother was Protestant and her father came from a wealthy Jewish family. She was raised on Manhattans Upper East Side, where she attended the Brearley School and she then attended Sarah Lawrence College, where she decided that she wanted to be an actress. Clayburgh joined the Charles Street Repertory Theater in Boston and she went on to appear in numerous Broadway productions in the 1970s and 1980s, including the musicals The Rothschilds in 1972 and Pippin in 1975. She also starred in the critically acclaimed romantic drama Griffin and Phoenix and she also received strong notices for a dramatic performance in Im Dancing as Fast as I Can. Television audiences know Clayburgh from numerous roles in series and movies including Search For Tomorrow, Law & Order, The Practice and she received Emmy Award nominations for her work in the made-for-television movie Hustling in 1975 and for guest appearances in the series Nip/Tuck in 2005. In 2006, she appeared on Broadway in Neil Simons Barefoot in the Park with Patrick Wilson and Amanda Peet, she played Peets mother, during 2007, Clayburgh appeared in the ABC television series Dirty Sexy Money, playing Letitia Darling. Clayburgh had chronic lymphocytic leukemia for more than 20 years before dying from the disease at her home in Lakeville, Connecticut, the movie Love & Other Drugs was dedicated to her memory. The 2011 film Bridesmaids was Clayburghs final film appearance, in 2012, friend and fellow actor Frank Langella wrote about their friendship in a chapter of his book Dropped Names, Famous Men and Women As I Knew Them. Her close friend and playwright Richard Greenberg wrote about her last days in a chapter of his book Rules for Others to Live By, Comments, Clayburgh married screenwriter and playwright David Rabe in 1979. They had one son, Michael Rabe, and one daughter, prior to this, she had dated actor Al Pacino for five years. org Jill Clayburgh at Emmys. com

12.
Jeffrey Tambor
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Tambor was born in San Francisco, California, the son of Eileen, a housewife, and Michael Bernard Tambor, a flooring contractor. He grew up in a Conservative Jewish family with roots in Hungary, Tambor is a graduate of San Francisco State University, where he studied acting and then went on to receive a masters degree from Wayne State University. Tambor first moved to theater in Milwaukee, later making his Broadway debut in the comedy Sly Fox, appearing with George C. Scott. He appeared in Measure for Measure in the same year, in 1979 he starred in Norman Jewisons. And Justice For All, as a lawyer friend of the protagonist, Arthur Kirkland. In an early TV job, an ad for Avis rent-a-car, he was running through an airport, mocking O. J. Simpsons Go. He has had a significant career in episodic TV, where he made numerous guest appearances on different shows, including Taxi, Kojak, M*A*S*H, The Golden Girls, in 1979 Tambor got his first role as a main character in television in the short-lived show The Ropers. Throughout the 1980s Tambor had a role on Hill Street Blues playing a defense attorney who eventually becomes a judge. In 1981 he appeared in an episode of Barney Miller as a man who was trying to bring exposure to the members of the Trilateral Commission in charge of the coming New World Order. In 1987 and 1988, Tambor appeared as a regular on the prime time ABC series Max Headroom as Murray, Tambor is often remembered as Hank Kingsley, the narcissistic sidekick of fictional talk show host Larry Sanders on The Larry Sanders Show. Tambor received four Emmy nominations for his performance on the show—all of which he would lose, to Michael Richards for Seinfeld, David Hyde Pierce for Frasier and he is also often remembered for Kingsleys then-famous catch phrase Hey Now. Beginning in 2003, Tambor starred in the television comedy Arrested Development as George Bluth, Sr. the show was cancelled in 2006, after three seasons, but a fourth season was released on Netflix in 2013. In 2004, Tambor received his fifth Emmy nomination for his work on the show and he lost to David Hyde Pierce for the final season of the sitcom Frasier. Tambor was nominated for a time in 2005 but lost to Brad Garrett for the final season of Everybody Loves Raymond. The second episode of Arrested Developments third season lampooned this loss, Tambors characters son describes his ability by saying, Its a wonderful performance. Tambor served as the announcer for the game show Hollywood Squares in 2002 and 2003 and he was also the voice of King Neptune in 2004s The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie. In the spring of 2005, he starred as George Aaronow in the Broadway revival of Glengarry Glen Ross. After the cancellation of Arrested Development in April 2006, Tambor signed on to a series with John Lithgow called Twenty Good Years about two men who ponder the last 20 years of their life. The show premiered on NBC on October 11,2006, but was taken off the air only a few episodes

13.
Mind the Gap (2004 film)
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Mind the Gap is a 2004 American multi-story comedy-drama film, written and directed by Eric Schaeffer. The film moves back and forth between five separate stories that interconnect with each other by the end of the film, the film stars Elizabeth Reaser, Eric Schaeffer, Jill Sobule, Charles Parnell, John Heard, Vera Farmiga, and Alan King in his last film role. Five New Yorkers come to terms with the reality of life in this collection of intertwined stories. Alan King as Herb Schweitzer Elizabeth Reaser as Malissa Zubach Charles Parnell as John McCabe Eric Schaeffer as Sam Blue Jill Sobule as Jody Buller John Heard as Henry Richards Todd Weeks as Dr and it was produced by Terence Michael, Chip Hourihan, Bob Kravitz and Noel Ashman. The film was distributed by Sky Island Films, Showtime Networks and 111 Pictures and it was later released in New York on September 24,2004. Most of the film was shot in Vermont, including the North Carolina scenes, exterior shots were also filmed in New York City and Tucson, Arizona. The film made $5,503 in its weekend, after being released to one theater screen in New York City. Mind the Gap went on to gross a total of $10,637 domestically, the film received generally mixed reviews from film critics. Mind the Gap holds a 59% approval rating on aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 17 critical reviews, on Metacritic the film scored a 46 out of 100 rating, based on 10 reviews, indicating mixed or average reviews. Frank Scheck of The Hollywood Reporter wrote, An overly ambitious, overly complex, ella Taylor of LA Weekly gave a positive review, writing, You can see whats coming five minutes into the movie, but capable acting lends it a certain superficial charm. Anita Gates of The New York Times wrote, Mr. Schaeffer takes his time setting up his characters situations in the film. When they finally start moving toward one another and revealing their secrets, the improbable ending is oddly satisfying. But dont ask moviegoers to believe that Sam and Malissa would both find parking spaces right in front of Lenox Hill Hospital, official website Mind the Gap at the Internet Movie Database

14.
Reality television
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It differs from documentary television in that the focus tends to be on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment rather than educating viewers. The genre has various standard tropes, including confessionals used by cast members to express their thoughts, an early example of the genre was the 1991 Dutch series Nummer 28, which was the first show to bring together strangers and record their interactions. It then exploded as a phenomenon in the late 1990s and early 2000s with the success of the series Survivor, Idols. These shows and a number of others became global franchises, spawning local versions in dozens of countries, Reality television as a whole has become a fixture of television programming. There are grey areas around what is classified as reality television, Reality television has faced significant criticism since its rise in popularity. Much of the criticism has centered on the use of the word reality, Television formats portraying ordinary people in unscripted situations are almost as old as the television medium itself. Precedents for television that portrayed people in unscripted situations began in the late 1940s, queen for a Day was an early example of reality-based television. The 1946 television game show Cash and Carry sometimes featured contestants performing stunts, debuting in 1948, Allen Funts hidden camera show Candid Camera broadcast unsuspecting ordinary people reacting to pranks. In 1948, talent search shows Ted Macks Original Amateur Hour and Arthur Godfreys Talent Scouts featured amateur competitors, in the 1950s, game shows Beat the Clock and Truth or Consequences involved contestants in wacky competitions, stunts, and practical jokes. Confession was a show which aired from June 1958 to January 1959. The radio series Nightwatch tape-recorded the daily activities of Culver City, the series You Asked for It incorporated audience involvement by basing episodes around requests sent in by postcard from viewers. First broadcast in the United Kingdom in 1964, the Granada Television documentary Seven Up, broadcast interviews with a dozen ordinary 7-year-olds from a broad cross-section of society and inquired about their reactions to everyday life. Every seven years, a film documented the life of the same individuals during the period, titled the Up Series, episodes include 7 Plus Seven,21 Up. The program was structured as a series of interviews with no element of plot, however, it did have the then-new effect of turning ordinary people into celebrities. The first reality show in the modern sense may have been the series The American Sportsman, Another precursor may be considered Mutual of Omahas Wild Kingdom which aired from 1963 through 1988. This show featured zoologist Marlin Perkins traveling across the globe and illustrating the variety of animal life on the planet. Though mostly a travelogue, it was popular in syndication and new episodes were produced through the eighties. The 12-part 1973 PBS series An American Family showed a nuclear family going through a divorce, unlike many later reality shows, it was more or less documentary in purpose and style

15.
Showtime (TV network)
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The Showtime brand is used by a number of channels and platforms around the world, but primarily refers to the group of eight multiplex channels in the United States. As of July 2015, Showtimes programming is available to approximately 28.693 million television households in the United States, the channel and its corresponding networks are headquartered at Paramount Plaza on the northern end of New York Citys Broadway district. The following week on July 8, Showtime launched on Viacom Cablevisions system in Dublin, California, the first program and television special to be broadcast on Showtime was Celebration, a concert special featuring performances by Rod Stewart, Pink Floyd and ABBA. By the end of its first year on the air, Showtime had a total of 55,000 subscribers nationwide. On March 7,1978, Showtime became a nationally distributed service after it was uplinked to satellite, turning it into a competitor with HBO, in 1979, Viacom sold a 50% ownership interest in Showtime to the TelePrompTer Corporation. On July 4,1981, Showtime adopted a 24-hour programming schedule,1982 saw the premiere of Showtimes first made-for-cable movie Falcons Gold and its first original series and childrens program Faerie Tale Theatre. The three companies announced their agreement in principle to acquire interests in TMC on November 11,1982. Subsequently, in late December of that year, the U. S. Department of Justice launched a preliminary inquiry into the proposed partnership. On January 7,1983, Viacom International added itself as a partner, under the revised proposal, the four studios would each own a 22. 58% stake in the two networks, with American Express owning a 9. 68% minority interest. In addition, the consortium would appoint a management team separate from those employed by the two channels – which would continue to operate as separate services – to operate the joint venture, on August 10,1985, after Time Inc. and cable provider Tele-Communications Inc. The subsidiary was renamed Showtime Networks, Inc. in 1988, also in 1988, the company formed Showtime Event Television as a pay-per-view distributor of special event programming. In 1990, Showtime ventured into acquiring and premiering independent films exclusively for the channel as part of the 30-Minute Movie short film anthology series. One of its first premieres,12,01 PM, was nominated for an Academy Award, in the years that followed, Showtime expanded its acquisitions into the realm of feature-length fare, including the Adrian Lyne-directed 1997 remake of Lolita. In 2000, Showtime launched Showtime Interactive 24.7, a service that provided DVD-style interaction of its entertainment offerings. On June 14,2005, Viacom decided to separate itself into two companies, both of which would be controlled by Viacom parent National Amusements, amid stagnation of the stock price. A new company assumed the Viacom name kept Paramount Pictures, the MTV Networks and BET Networks cable divisions. Showtime broadcasts its primary and multiplex channels on both Eastern and Pacific Time Zone schedules and this planned extension to the multiplex did not come to fruition – although a third multiplex service, Showtime 3, would make its debut in 1996. Three additional themed channels made their debut in March 2001, Showtime Family Zone, Showtime Next, Showtime Family Zone, Showtime Next and Showtime Women do not have distribution by most pay television providers as extensive as the other Showtime multiplex channels

16.
Gravity (TV series)
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Gravity is an American comedy-drama television series created by Jill Franklyn and Eric Schaeffer. It ran for one season in 2010 on Starz, the series follows the sometimes comic, sometimes tragic exploits of a group from an eccentric out-patient program of suicide survivors. Production of the began in New York City in October 2009. Franklyn created the show during the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike and she is known for her Emmy-nominated Yada Yada episode of Seinfeld. In 2008 she brought in Eric Schaeffer and they collaborated in selling the show to the Starz Network, the shows working titles were Suicide for Dummies and Failure to Fly. He has a relationship with Lily Champagne and develops a friendship with Christian. She also enjoys sketching and when someone asks her why she says I sell makeup at a department store and his many flaws seem to have him butt heads with a man named Diego. He also works as a comedian, seth Numrich as Adam Rosenblum, a teenager who attempts to kill himself by overdosing after his rocky relationship with his family makes him depressed. He also develops a relationship with Shawna and he also has a difficult relationship with his son who chose the wrong path due to his father neglecting him. Official website Gravity at the Internet Movie Database

17.
Starz (TV channel)
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Starz is an American premium cable and satellite television network which serves as Starz Inc. s flagship service. Starzs programming features theatrically released motion pictures and first-run original television series, the headquarters of Starz, and its sister networks Starz Encore and MoviePlex, are located at the Meridian International Business Center complex in Englewood, Colorado. Through March 31,2016, STARZs programming was subscribed to approximately 24.0 million television households in the United States, the network was originally operated as a joint venture between TCI and Liberty Media, with TCI owning a 50. 1% controlling interest in the channel. The network carried the moniker Encore 8 in its branding as part of a numbering system that was used by Encores multiplex channels. Early trademark filings indicated that TCI/Liberty originally proposed names including Applause, Starz focused more on recent feature films, while Starz ENCORE focused on films released between the 1960s and the 1980s, before adding recent film fare itself in July 1999. Films from those studios were not carried on STARZ until 1997, the network restricted the scheduling of films that contained graphic sexual or violent content to late evening and overnight time periods. Starz was available to an estimated 2.8 million pay television subscribers by 1996, as a startup network, Starz endured major losses during its early years, with total deficits topping US$203 million and annual losses of US$150 million by 1997. It was predicted to lose an additional US$300 million in revenue before it was predicted to break even, Liberty Media assumed the former companys stake in the subsidiary in 1999, following TCIs merger with AT&T Corporation. By May 1998, Starz maintained a subscriber base reaching 7.6 million households with a cable or satellite television subscription, Encore Media Group was later renamed the Starz Encore Media Group in 2000. As part of a restructuring plan in 2003, Starz Encore Group eliminated 100 jobs in its nine regional offices. On March 25,2005, the Starz Encore Group corporate entity was renamed Starz Entertainment, on November 19,2009, Liberty Media spun off Starz into a separate public tracking stock called Liberty Starz. The spin-off of the subsidiary was completed on January 11,2013, on April 5,2016, Starz was rebranded and added all the Encore channels to its moniker, therefore increasing the Starz channel lineup to 14 Starz premium channels. Its main channel was rebranded Starz Encore and carries reruns of Starz Originals in addition to films, on June 30,2016, Lionsgate agreed to acquire Starz Inc. for $4.4 billion in cash and stock. On December 8,2016, the merger between Lionsgate and Starz was completed, Starz broadcasts its primary and multiplex channels on Eastern and Pacific Time Zone schedules. Some providers offer Encore and MoviePlexs multiplex channels on a digital cable tier from Starz. However, Encore and, depending on its carriage, MoviePlex are frequently sold together in a package with Starz, in 1994, Encore launched the pay television industrys first themed multiplex service – seven additional movie channels that each focused on a specific genre. Starz continued to include the Encore 8 moniker in its main IDs, feature presentation bumpers and select bumpers until 2002. The tie to Encore branding-wise continued even as Starz was given its own slate of multiplex channels in the late 1990s, the first of these to debut was Starz

18.
Krysten Ritter
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Krysten Alyce Ritter is an American actress and former model. She has appeared in such as What Happens in Vegas,27 Dresses, Confessions of a Shopaholic, Shes Out of My League, Veronica Mars. She has also appeared in roles in the television series Gilmore Girls, Gossip Girl, Gravity, Til Death, Veronica Mars, Ritter was born in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Kathi Taylor and Gary Ritter. She was raised on a farm outside Shickshinny, Pennsylvania, where her mother, stepfather and sister live, Ritter graduated in 2000 from Northwest Area High School. Ritter was scouted by an agent at her local shopping mall. Ritter described herself at the time as tall, gawky, awkward, while in high school, she traveled to New York City on her days off and began modeling there and in Philadelphia. She signed with the Elite Model Management agency and then with Wilhelmina Models, Ritter moved to New York City at the age of 18 and established an international modeling career in print ads and on television. She did magazine, catalog, and runway work in Milan, New York, Paris, Ritters acting career began when Wilhelmina placed her for an audition for a Dr Pepper television commercial. Ritter told Philadelphia Style that she felt her outgoing and bubbly and she won several bit film roles starting in 2001, and then played a 1950s art history student in Julia Roberts Mona Lisa Smile. In 2006, she appeared in All This Intimacy, a two-act Off-Broadway play by Rajiv Joseph, Ritter signed on to star in the premiere of Zach Braffs play All New People at Second Stage Theatre. Anna Camp, David Wilson Barnes and Justin Bartha co-starred in the production under the direction of Peter DuBois, Ritter had a number of guest starring roles on television, and appeared on the second season of Veronica Mars, playing Gia Goodman, the daughter of mayor Woody Goodman. Ritter guest-starred on Gilmore Girls for eight episodes from 2006 to 2007 as Rory Gilmores friend and she also played the first iteration of Allison Stark on the Fox sitcom Til Death. Ritter continued working in film, often cast as the best friend of the lead character, in 2008, she had supporting roles in the romantic comedies What Happens in Vegas and 27 Dresses. She co-starred in the 2009 film Confessions of a Shopaholic as Suze, Ritter spent three months shooting Shes Out of My League in Pittsburgh in 2008. She played Patty, the cynical best friend of Alice Eves character Molly, Ritter was cast as a young Carol Rhodes in an episode of The CWs teen drama series Gossip Girl titled Valley Girls, which aired May 11,2009. The episode was a pilot for a proposed spin-off series of the same title, set in 1980s Los Angeles. Ritter described her character Carol, Lilys sister, as the outcast, the series was not picked up by the network for the 2009–10 season. She also co-starred with Jason Behr in the independent film The Last International Playboy, as Ozzy, Ritter sold a television pilot that she wrote based on her experiences as a model, named Model Camp

19.
Ving Rhames
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Rhames was born in Harlem, New York City, New York, the son of Reather, a homemaker, and Ernest Rhames, an auto mechanic. His parents were raised as sharecroppers in South Carolina, named after the late NBC journalist, Irving R. Levine, Irving Rhames also grew up in Harlem. He entered New Yorks High School of Performing Arts, where he discovered his love of acting, after high school, he studied drama at SUNY Purchase, where fellow acting student Stanley Tucci gave him his nickname Ving. Rhames later transferred to the Juilliard Schools Drama Division where he graduated with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in 1983, Rhames first appeared on Broadway in the play The Boys of Winter in 1984. Rhames played Dr. Peter Bentons brother-in-law on the TV medical drama ER and he played ace computer hacker Luther Stickell opposite Tom Cruise in Brian De Palmas Mission, Impossible. In 1997 Rhames portrayed the character of Nathan Diamond Dog Jones in the popular film Con Air, Rhames won a Golden Globe in 1998 for Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film in HBOs Don King, Only in America. At the ceremony Rhames gave his award to fellow nominee Jack Lemmon, saying, I feel that being an artist is about giving, Lemmon was clearly touched by the gesture as was the celebrity audience who gave Lemmon a standing ovation. Lemmon, who tried unsuccessfully to give the back to Rhames. The Hollywood Foreign Press Association announced later that they would have a duplicate award prepared for Rhames and that moment was #98 on E. s 101 Awesome Moments in Entertainment. The New York Times lauded Rhames for the act, writing that in doing so he demonstrated his capacity for abundant generosity, Rhames appeared in Striptease as the wisecracking bodyguard Shad, Bringing Out the Dead, then reprised his Luther Stickell role for Mission, Impossible II. Rhames has also appeared in a series of commercials for RadioShack. In March 2005, Rhames played the role on a new Kojak series. The bald head, lollipops, and Who loves ya, baby, catchphrase remained intact, but little else remained from the Savalas original. Rhames voiced the part of Tobias Jones in the computer game Driver 3. Rhames reprised his role in Mission, Impossible III, had an appearance in Mission, Impossible – Ghost Protocol. He is the only actor besides Tom Cruise to appear in all five Mission, Impossible films. It was announced that he would have a role in the Aquaman-based show Mercy Reef, however due to the integration of The WB and UPN for the new network, CW, Mercy Reef was not picked up. Rhames played a homosexual, possibly also homicidal, firefighter who comes out of the closet in I Now Pronounce You Chuck and he narrates the BET television series American Gangster

20.
Rachel Hunter
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Rachel Hunter is a New Zealand supermodel, actress and the host of Imagination Televisions Rachels Tour of Beauty. She has appeared on magazine covers, including Italian Vogue, Elle. She was on the cover of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue in 1994, Hunter was born in Glenfield, a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. Her parents divorced when she was still a child, wanting to be a ballet dancer, she was diagnosed with a rare blood disease as a teenager, which curtailed her dancing ambitions. Hunter began her career at age 17, modeling in Australia and New Zealand, appearing in Australian Vogue, Harpers Bazaar, and for various campaigns throughout New Zealand and Australia. She was quickly snapped up by Ford Models and immediately embarked on a career, landing the Cover Girl cosmetics contract. Hunter rose to prominence after posing as a Sports Illustrated model in 1989. She subsequently appeared on covers, including Cosmopolitan and on the 1994 Dream Team cover of Sports Illustrateds annual swimsuit issue. Hunter also graced the cover of Vogue Italia, Australian Vogue, American and international editions of Elle, Hunter posed nude for a cover-featured Playboy pictorial published in April 2004. Hunter is signed to Ford Models in New York, Select Model Management in London, Hunter first appeared on television in the 1980s in an advertisement for Tip Tops Trumpet ice-cream. Hunter guest starred in a 1997 episode of The Drew Carey Show as herself and she has appeared in several independent films, including 1999s A Walk in the Park and 2000s Two Shades of Blue, an erotic thriller with Marlee Matlin. She stars as a lesbian cook doling out relationship advice in the indie film La Cucina. She had an appearance as a sexy soccer mom in Dennis Dugans The Benchwarmers and also played a sultry. Hunter appeared on a 2005 celebrity episode of Lingo, where she, Hunter is an ambassador to The Born Free Foundation, and established the Rachel Hunter Lowland Gorilla Fund. Hunter also appeared as herself in the 2004 Christmas Special of The Vicar of Dibley and she also starred in Confessions of a Go-Go Girl, The Perfect Assistant, the science fiction TV movies Piranhaconda and Swamp Volcano, aka Miami Magma. She appeared as a judge on New Zealands Got Talent from 2012 to 2013, in 2015, Hunter fronted her own television series titled Rachel Hunters Tour of Beauty for TV One where she traveled the world to discover what beauty meant in countries around the world. In the late 1980s Hunter lived with rock musician Kip Winger, at the age of 21, Hunter met rock star Rod Stewart,24 years her senior, and they were married on 15 December 1990. Together they have two children, Renee and Liam, but separated in January 1999 and their divorce was finalized on 2 November 2006

21.
Genre
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Genre is any form or type of communication in any mode with socially-agreed upon conventions developed over time. Genres form by conventions that change over time as new genres are invented, often, works fit into multiple genres by way of borrowing and recombining these conventions. Stand alone texts, works, or pieces of communication may have individual styles, some genres may be rigid with strictly adhered to guidelines while others may be very flexible. Genre began as a classification system for ancient Greek literature. Poetry, prose, and performance each had a specific and calculated style that related to the theme of the story. Speech patterns for comedy would not be appropriate for tragedy, in later periods genres proliferated and developed in response to changes in audiences and creators. Genre became a tool to help the public make sense out of unpredictable art. Because art is often a response to a state, in that people write/paint/sing/dance about what they know about. Genre suffers from the ills of any classification system. Genre is to be reassessed and scrutinized, and to works on their unique merit. While the genre of storytelling has been relegated as lesser form of art because of the heavily borrowed nature of the conventions, proponents argue that the genius of an effective genre piece is in the variation, recombination, and evolution of the codes. The term genre is used in the history and criticism of visual art. These are distinguished from staffage, incidental figures in what is primarily a landscape or architectural painting, Genre painting may also be used as a wider term covering genre painting proper, and other specialized types of paintings such as still-life, landscapes, marine paintings and animal paintings. The concept of the hierarchy of genres was a one in artistic theory. It was strongest in France, where it was associated with the Académie française which held a role in academic art. Genres may be determined by technique, tone, content. Genre should not be confused with age category, by which literature may be classified as adult, young adult. They also must not be confused with format, such as novel or picture book

22.
Romantic comedy film
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Romantic comedy films are films with light-hearted, humorous plotlines, centered on romantic ideals such as that true love is able to surmount most obstacles. One dictionary definition is a movie, play, or television program about a love story that ends happily. Another definition states that its primary distinguishing feature is a plot in which two sympathetic and well-matched lovers are united or reconciled. Romantic comedy films are a genre of comedy films as well as of romance films. However a romantic comedy is classified as a film with two genres not a new genre. Some television series can also be classified as romantic comedies, a wedding-bells, fairy-tale-style happy ending is practically mandatory. The basic plot of a comedy is that two characters meet, part ways due to an argument or other obstacle, then ultimately reunite. Sometimes the two meet and become involved initially, then must confront challenges to their union. Sometimes they are hesitant to become involved because they believe that they do not like each other, because one of them already has a partner. However, the screenwriters leave clues that suggest that the characters are, in fact, attracted to each other, the protagonists often separate or seek time apart to sort out their feelings or deal with the external obstacles to their being together. While the two protagonists are separated, one or both of them realizes that they are ideal for each other, or that they are in love with each other. Then, after one of the two makes some effort to find the other person and declare their love, or through an astonishing coincidental encounter. Then, perhaps with some comic friction or awkwardness, they declare their love for each other, the couple does not, however, have to marry, or live together happily ever after. The ending of a comedy is meant to affirm the primary importance of the love relationship in its protagonists lives. There are many variations on this basic plotline, sometimes, instead of the two lead characters ending up in each others arms, another love match will be made between one of the principal characters and a secondary character. Alternatively, the film may be a rumination on the impossibility of love, the basic format of a romantic comedy film can be found in much earlier sources, such as Shakespeare plays like Much Ado About Nothing and A Midsummer Nights Dream. Some comedy films, such as Knocked Up, combine themes of romantic comedies and stoner comedies, often known as bromance, such films usually use sexual elements which bring the two characters together. Films in this genre include American Pie 2 and even Wedding Crashers, romantic comedies have begun to spread out of their conventional and traditional structure into other territory

23.
Mind The Gap (2004 film)
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Mind the Gap is a 2004 American multi-story comedy-drama film, written and directed by Eric Schaeffer. The film moves back and forth between five separate stories that interconnect with each other by the end of the film, the film stars Elizabeth Reaser, Eric Schaeffer, Jill Sobule, Charles Parnell, John Heard, Vera Farmiga, and Alan King in his last film role. Five New Yorkers come to terms with the reality of life in this collection of intertwined stories. Alan King as Herb Schweitzer Elizabeth Reaser as Malissa Zubach Charles Parnell as John McCabe Eric Schaeffer as Sam Blue Jill Sobule as Jody Buller John Heard as Henry Richards Todd Weeks as Dr and it was produced by Terence Michael, Chip Hourihan, Bob Kravitz and Noel Ashman. The film was distributed by Sky Island Films, Showtime Networks and 111 Pictures and it was later released in New York on September 24,2004. Most of the film was shot in Vermont, including the North Carolina scenes, exterior shots were also filmed in New York City and Tucson, Arizona. The film made $5,503 in its weekend, after being released to one theater screen in New York City. Mind the Gap went on to gross a total of $10,637 domestically, the film received generally mixed reviews from film critics. Mind the Gap holds a 59% approval rating on aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 17 critical reviews, on Metacritic the film scored a 46 out of 100 rating, based on 10 reviews, indicating mixed or average reviews. Frank Scheck of The Hollywood Reporter wrote, An overly ambitious, overly complex, ella Taylor of LA Weekly gave a positive review, writing, You can see whats coming five minutes into the movie, but capable acting lends it a certain superficial charm. Anita Gates of The New York Times wrote, Mr. Schaeffer takes his time setting up his characters situations in the film. When they finally start moving toward one another and revealing their secrets, the improbable ending is oddly satisfying. But dont ask moviegoers to believe that Sam and Malissa would both find parking spaces right in front of Lenox Hill Hospital, official website Mind the Gap at the Internet Movie Database

24.
Starved
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Starved is an FX television situation comedy that aired for one season of seven episodes in 2005. The series was about four friends who each suffer from eating disorders and its characters included those with bulimia, anorexia, and binge eating disorder. Eric Schaeffer created the show as well as writing, starring in and directing it, in addition to his own life experiences, Schaeffer also drew upon the experiences of the other members of the principal cast, each of whom coincidentally had struggled with food issues of their own. Starved was the lead-in of FXs hour-long Other Side of Comedy block with Its Always Sunny in Philadelphia, FX executives wanted to use the two series to begin building comedy programming and broaden the networks demographic. The series debuted on August 4,2005 to poor reviews and was cancelled in October 2005. Sam is a trader who suffers from anorexia and compulsive overeating. His interests quickly turn into obsessions, despite being with several different women during the series, he is secretly in love with Billie. Billie Frasier is an anorexic and bulimic who also has issues with alcohol abuse, Billie is bisexual and was raised by two gay fathers. Formerly a ballerina, the impetus for her eating disorders. Dan Roundtree is a novelist and compulsive overeater, the only married person among the main characters, he worries that his weight will lead his wife to leave him. He continually schedules and then cancels gastric bypass surgery, adam Williams is a police officer with bulimia. He abuses his authority to extort food from restaurants and delivery people, Belt Tighteners Group Leader leads the support group that the friends attend. Sarcastic and abrasive, she berates the four friends for their failed attempts at dealing with their food issues. Following her tirades, she leads the group in a chant of the groups slogan. Series star Eric Schaeffer created Starved, Other cast members also struggled with food issues. Benanti spent three years fighting anorexia while she danced on Broadway, brown was heavy as a child and describes himself as being haunted by the heavyset kid mentality. Producers only discovered that each of the principal cast members had food issues after the process was completed. The shows were the networks first attempts at following the short-lived 2003 series Lucky

25.
Crime film
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Crime films are a genre of film that focus on crime. The stylistic approach to a crime film varies from realistic portrayals of real-life criminal figures, films dealing with crime and its detection are often based on plays rather than novels. Agatha Christies stage play Witness for the Prosecution was adapted for the big screen by director Billy Wilder in 1957, the film starred Marlene Dietrich and Charles Laughton and is a classic example of a courtroom drama. In a courtroom drama, a charge is brought against one of the main characters, another major part is played by the lawyer representing the defendant in court and battling with the public prosecutor. He or she may enlist the services of an investigator to find out what really happened. However, in most cases it is not clear at all whether the accused is guilty of the crime or not—this is how suspense is created. Often, the private investigator storms into the courtroom at the very last minute in order to bring a new and this type of literature lends itself to the literary genre of drama focused more on dialogue and little or no necessity for a shift in scenery. The auditorium of the theatre becomes an extension of the courtroom, in Witness for the Prosecution, Leonard Vole, a young American living in England, is accused of murdering a middle-aged lady he met in the street while shopping. His wife hires the best lawyer available because she is convinced, or rather she knows, another classic courtroom drama is U. S. playwright Reginald Roses Twelve Angry Men, which is set in the jury deliberation room of a New York Court of Law. Eleven members of the jury, aiming at a verdict of guilty. The popularity of TV brought about the emergence of TV series featuring detectives, investigators, special agents, lawyers, in Britain, The Avengers about the adventures of gentleman agent John Steed and his partner, Emma Peel, achieved cult status. In Germany, Derrick became a household word, breaking Bad character Walter White is a methamphetamine drug manufacturer, this offered a different approach whereby the protagonist is the criminal instead of being the detective. Crime films may fall under several different subgenres and these include, Crime comedy - A hybrid of crime and comedy films. Mafia comedy looks at organized crime from a comical standpoint, humor comes from the incompetence of the criminals and/or black comedy. Examples include Analyze This, The Pope of Greenwich Village, Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels, In Bruges, tower Heist and Pain & Gain. Crime drama - A combination of crime and dramatic films, examples include such films as Straight Time and Badlands. Crime thriller - A thriller in which the characters are involved in crime, either in its investigation, as the perpetrator or, less commonly. While some action films could be labelled as such for merely having criminality and thrills, the emphasis in this genre is the drama, examples include Untraceable, Silence of the Lambs, Heat, Seven, Witness, Memories of Murder, The Call, and Running Scared

26.
Black comedy
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Black comedy or dark comedy is a comic style that makes light of subject matter that is generally considered taboo. Literary critics have associated black comedy and black humor with authors as early as the ancient Greeks with Aristophanes, Black comedy corresponds to the earlier concept of gallows humor. The term black humor was coined by the Surrealist theorist André Breton in 1935 while interpreting the writings of Jonathan Swift. Bretons preference was to some of Swifts writings as a subgenre of comedy and satire in which laughter arises from cynicism and skepticism. Scholars have associated black humor with authors as early as the ancient Greeks with Aristophanes, Breton coined the term for his book Anthology of Black Humor, in which he credited Jonathan Swift as the originator of black humor and gallows humor, and included excerpts from 45 other writers. This victims suffering is trivialized, which leads to sympathizing with the victimizer, as found in the social commentary. Black humor is also related to that of the grotesque genre. Breton identified Swift as the originator of black humor and gallows humor, particularly in his pieces Directions to Servants, A Modest Proposal, A Meditation Upon a Broom-Stick, the terms black comedy or dark comedy have been later derived as alternatives to Bretons term. Bruce Jay Friedman, in his anthology entitled Black Humor, imported the concept of comedy to the United States. He labeled many different authors and works with the idea, arguing that they shared the literary genre. The Friedman label came to prominence in the 1950s and 1960s, early American writers who employed black humor were Nathanael West and Vladimir Nabokov. In 1965 a mass-market paperback titled Black Humor, was released and this was one of the first American anthologies devoted to the conception of black humor as a literary genre, the publication also sparked nationwide interest in black humor. Among the writers labeled as black humorists by journalists and literary critics are Roald Dahl, Thomas Pynchon, Kurt Vonnegut, Warren Zevon, John Barth, Joseph Heller, popular themes of the genre include violence, discrimination, disease, sexuality, religion and barbarism. Comedians, like Lenny Bruce, that since the late 1950s have been labeled for using sick comedy by mainstream journalists, have also labeled with black comedy. By contrast, blue comedy focuses more on crude topics such as nudity, sex, in obscene humor, much of the humorous element comes from shock and revulsion, while black comedy might include an element of irony, or even fatalism. For example, the black comedy self-mutilation appears in the English novel Tristram Shandy. Tristram, five years old at the time, starts to urinate out of a window for lack of a chamber pot. The sash falls and circumcises him, his family reacts with both chaotic action and philosophic digression, cringe comedy Comedy horror Macabre Off-color humor

27.
The Dead Zone (TV series)
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Stephen Kings Dead Zone is an American/Canadian science fiction drama television series starring Anthony Michael Hall as Johnny Smith, who discovers he has developed psychic abilities after a coma. The show was commissioned for UPN, but the network later dropped the show. The series was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada for its first five seasons, the sixth and last season was billed as The season that changes everything and production was moved to Montreal. The Dead Zone was expected to be renewed for a season, however, due to low ratings and high production costs the series was canceled in December 2007. Some rumors spread that Syfy would pick up the series after it was canceled by USA, rumors of a made-for-TV movie have all but faded with time. Small-town teacher Johnny Smith is involved in a car accident that leaves him comatose for six years. Johnny also learns that his fiancée, Sarah, gave birth to his son in the following the accident. With the help of Sarah, her husband Walt, and physical therapist Bruce, however, his attempts to do good are complicated by intermittent visions of apocalyptic events brought about following the future election of congressional candidate Greg Stillson. Anthony Michael Hall — John Robert Johnny Smith Nicole de Boer — Sarah Anne Bracknell-Bannerman John L. Adams — Bruce Lewis Chris Bruno — Sheriff Walter T, Walt Bannerman Connor Price — John Johnny JJ Bannerman/Smith David Ogden Stiers — Rev. An encounter with a trickster in the first episode makes it clear Johnny already has some psychic abilities. Sarah Bracknell Bannerman — Johnnys former fiancée, and the mother of his son, Sarah married Walt Bannerman during Johnnys coma, and the two are raising J. J. together. Sarah knew Johnny when they were children, and later taught at the school as him. Sarahs mother died when she was a teenager, which strained her relationship with her father, at the end of season 5, Sarah was pregnant with Walts child. At the beginning of season 6, she gives birth to Walts daughter, Sheriff Walt Bannerman — The relationship between Johnny and Walt is initially very rocky, as Johnny often feels that Walt stole Sarah from him. However, since then as Johnny displays his powers more and more often in law enforcement situations, Johnny becomes an asset to Walt, and the two become friends. The name Walt Bannerman is a combination of the names George Bannerman and Walt Hazlett, in the novel, George Bannerman was the sheriff, at the beginning of season 6, Walt is killed in a fire at the Faith Heritage Chapel. However, he continued to pop up throughout the season in visions, flashbacks, Bruce Lewis — A physiotherapist who helps Johnny regain his strength after his coma. Bruce is an open-minded spiritual junkie as a result of a religious upbringing by his pastor father and he is Johnnys best friend and frequently his voice of reason, and may very well be the reason for the divergence in this series when compared to the novel or 1983 movie

28.
Science fiction
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Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a literature of ideas. Science fiction is difficult to define, as it includes a range of subgenres and themes. Author and editor Damon Knight summed up the difficulty, saying science fiction is what we point to when we say it, a definition echoed by author Mark C. Glassy, who argues that the definition of science fiction is like the definition of pornography, you do not know what it is, in 1970 or 1971William Atheling Jr. According to science fiction writer Robert A, rod Serlings definition is fantasy is the impossible made probable. Science fiction is the improbable made possible, Science fiction is largely based on writing rationally about alternative possible worlds or futures. Science fiction elements include, A time setting in the future, in alternative timelines, a spatial setting or scenes in outer space, on other worlds, or on subterranean earth. Characters that include aliens, mutants, androids, or humanoid robots, futuristic or plausible technology such as ray guns, teleportation machines, and humanoid computers. Scientific principles that are new or that contradict accepted physical laws, for time travel, wormholes. New and different political or social systems, e. g. utopian, dystopian, post-scarcity, paranormal abilities such as mind control, telepathy, telekinesis Other universes or dimensions and travel between them. A product of the budding Age of Reason and the development of science itself. Isaac Asimov and Carl Sagan considered Keplers work the first science fiction story and it depicts a journey to the Moon and how the Earths motion is seen from there. Later, Edgar Allan Poe wrote a story about a flight to the moon, more examples appeared throughout the 19th century. Wells The War of the Worlds describes an invasion of late Victorian England by Martians using tripod fighting machines equipped with advanced weaponry and it is a seminal depiction of an alien invasion of Earth. In the late 19th century, the scientific romance was used in Britain to describe much of this fiction. This produced additional offshoots, such as the 1884 novella Flatland, the term would continue to be used into the early 20th century for writers such as Olaf Stapledon. In the early 20th century, pulp magazines helped develop a new generation of mainly American SF writers, influenced by Hugo Gernsback, the founder of Amazing Stories magazine. In 1912 Edgar Rice Burroughs published A Princess of Mars, the first of his series of Barsoom novels, situated on Mars

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Suspense (genre)
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Thriller is a broad genre of literature, film and television, having numerous subgenres. Thrillers are characterized and defined by the moods they elicit, giving viewers heightened feelings of suspense, excitement, surprise, anticipation, successful examples of thrillers are the films of Alfred Hitchcock. Thrillers generally keep the audience on the edge of their seats as the plot builds towards a climax, the cover-up of important information is a common element. Literary devices such as red herrings, plot twists, and cliffhangers are used extensively, a thriller is usually a villain-driven plot, whereby he or she presents obstacles that the protagonist must overcome. Homers Odyssey is one of the oldest stories in the Western world and is regarded as a prototype of the thriller. Thrillers may be defined by the mood that they elicit. In short, if it thrills, it is a thriller, as the introduction to a major anthology explains, Suspense is a crucial characteristic of the thriller genre. It gives the viewer a feeling of pleasurable fascination and excitement mixed with apprehension, anticipation and tension and these develop from unpredictable, mysterious and rousing events during the narrative, which make the viewer or reader think about the outcome of certain actions. Suspense builds in order to make those final moments, no matter how short, the suspense in a story keeps the person hooked to reading or watching more until the climax is reached. In terms of expectations, it may be contrasted with curiosity. The objective is to deliver a story with sustained tension, surprise, the second type of suspense is the. anticipation wherein we either know or else are fairly certain about what is going to happen but are still aroused in anticipation of its actual occurrence. According to Greek philosopher Aristotle in his book Poetics, suspense is an important building block of literature, common methods and themes in crime and action thrillers are mainly ransoms, captivities, heists, revenge, kidnappings. Common in mystery thrillers are investigations and the whodunit technique, common elements in dramatic and psychological thrillers include plot twists, psychology, obsession and mind games. Common in horror thrillers are serial killers, stalking, deathtraps, elements such as fringe theories, false accusations and paranoia are common in paranoid thrillers. Threats to entire countries, spies, espionage, conspiracies, assassins, the themes frequently include terrorism, political conspiracy, pursuit, or romantic triangles leading to murder. Plots of thrillers involve characters which come into conflict with other or with outside forces. The protagonist of these films is set against a problem, no matter what subgenre a thriller film falls into, it will emphasize the danger that the protagonist faces. While protagonists of thrillers have traditionally been men, women characters are increasingly common

New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for int

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Clockwise, from top: Midtown Manhattan, Times Square, the Unisphere in Queens, the Brooklyn Bridge, Lower Manhattan with One World Trade Center, Central Park, the headquarters of the United Nations, and the Statue of Liberty

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New Amsterdam, centered in the eventual Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year England took control and renamed it "New York".

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The Battle of Long Island, the largest battle of the American Revolution, took place in Brooklyn in 1776.

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Broadway follows the Native American Wickquasgeck Trail through Manhattan.

New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is

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British general John Burgoyne surrenders at Saratoga in 1777.

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Flag

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1800 map of New York from Low's Encyclopaedia

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The Erie Canal at Lockport, New York in 1839

Bard College
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Bard College, founded in 1860, is a private liberal arts college in Annandale-on-Hudson, a hamlet in Dutchess County, New York, United States, in the town of Red Hook. The campus overlooks the Hudson River and Catskill Mountains, and is within the Hudson River Historic District, the institution consists of a liberal arts college, a conservatory, as

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John Bard, founder of St. Stephen's College

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Seal of Bard College

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Ward Manor House now serves as a dormitory

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Tewksbury Hall, a dormitory, was completed in 1958 and dedicated in 1962

Americans
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Americans are citizens of the United States of America. The country is home to people of different national origins. As a result, Americans do not equate their nationality with ethnicity, although citizens make up the majority of Americans, non-citizen residents, dual citizens, and expatriates may also claim an American identity. See Names for Unit

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John F. Kennedy (Irish)

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Flag of the United States

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George Washington (English)

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Frank Sinatra (Italian)

Sitcom
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A situation comedy, or sitcom, is a genre of comedy centered on a fixed set of characters who carry over from episode to episode. Sitcoms can be contrasted with sketch comedy, where a troupe may use new characters in each sketch, and stand-up comedy, Sitcoms originated in radio, but today are found mostly on television as one of its dominant narrat

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Radio portal

Creative Artists Agency
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Creative Artists Agency or CAA is an American talent and sports agency based in Los Angeles, California. It is regarded as a dominant and influential company in the talent agency business, in March 2016, CAA had 1,800 employees. Creative Artists Agency was formed by a handful of agents at the William Morris Agency in 1975, at a dinner, Mike Rosenfe

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New CAA building in Century City, California

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Creative Artists Agency

If Lucy Fell
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If Lucy Fell is a 1996 romantic comedy film written and directed by Eric Schaeffer, who also co-stars in the film alongside Sarah Jessica Parker, Ben Stiller and Elle Macpherson. It was released on DVD January 30,2001, a young Scarlett Johansson plays a neighbor / art student of the main couple. Joe MacGonaughgill and Lucy Ackerman are roommates an

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If Lucy Fell

Romance film
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Romance films make the romantic love story or the search for strong and pure love and romance the main plot focus. Occasionally, romance lovers face obstacles such as finances, physical illness, various forms of discrimination, as in all quite strong, deep, and close romantic relationships, tensions of day-to-day life, temptations, and differences

Fall (1997 film)
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Fall is a 1997 film directed by, written by and starring Eric Schaeffer, alongside Amanda de Cadenet. The film was followed by a 2011 sequel After Fall, Winter, Michael Shiver is a cab driver in New York. One day, supermodel Sarah Easton enters his taxi and they have a short, a few days later, he sees her by chance when having dinner with his two c

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Theatrical release poster

Never Again (2001 film)
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Never Again is a 2001 American comedy film written and directed by Eric Schaeffer. The film stars Jeffrey Tambor, Jill Clayburgh, Caroline Aaron, Bill Duke, Sandy Duncan, the film was released on July 12,2002, by USA Films. Feinstein Abigail Morgan as Girl #1 Ebon Moss-Bachrach as Andy Jimmy Noonan as Muscular Waiter Peter Reardon as Runner Manuel

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Theatrical release poster

Jill Clayburgh
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Jill Clayburgh was an American actress. She won Best Actress at the Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in the 1978 film An Unmarried Woman and she received a second Best Actress Academy Award nomination for the 1979 film Starting Over. Clayburgh made her Broadway debut in 1968 and starred in t

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Jill Clayburgh in Griffin and Phoenix (1976)

Jeffrey Tambor
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Tambor was born in San Francisco, California, the son of Eileen, a housewife, and Michael Bernard Tambor, a flooring contractor. He grew up in a Conservative Jewish family with roots in Hungary, Tambor is a graduate of San Francisco State University, where he studied acting and then went on to receive a masters degree from Wayne State University. T

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Tambor at the FYC screening and panel of Amazon Studios', Transparent, June 2015

Mind the Gap (2004 film)
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Mind the Gap is a 2004 American multi-story comedy-drama film, written and directed by Eric Schaeffer. The film moves back and forth between five separate stories that interconnect with each other by the end of the film, the film stars Elizabeth Reaser, Eric Schaeffer, Jill Sobule, Charles Parnell, John Heard, Vera Farmiga, and Alan King in his las

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Official poster

Reality television
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It differs from documentary television in that the focus tends to be on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment rather than educating viewers. The genre has various standard tropes, including confessionals used by cast members to express their thoughts, an early example of the genre was the 1991 Dutch series Nummer 28, which was the first show

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Kim Kardashian, reality TV star.

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Lighting crews are typically present in the background of reality television shows.

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Sound crews are typically present in the background of reality television shows.

Showtime (TV network)
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The Showtime brand is used by a number of channels and platforms around the world, but primarily refers to the group of eight multiplex channels in the United States. As of July 2015, Showtimes programming is available to approximately 28.693 million television households in the United States, the channel and its corresponding networks are headquar

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Showtime

Gravity (TV series)
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Gravity is an American comedy-drama television series created by Jill Franklyn and Eric Schaeffer. It ran for one season in 2010 on Starz, the series follows the sometimes comic, sometimes tragic exploits of a group from an eccentric out-patient program of suicide survivors. Production of the began in New York City in October 2009. Franklyn created

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Gravity

Starz (TV channel)
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Starz is an American premium cable and satellite television network which serves as Starz Inc. s flagship service. Starzs programming features theatrically released motion pictures and first-run original television series, the headquarters of Starz, and its sister networks Starz Encore and MoviePlex, are located at the Meridian International Busine

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Starz

Krysten Ritter
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Krysten Alyce Ritter is an American actress and former model. She has appeared in such as What Happens in Vegas,27 Dresses, Confessions of a Shopaholic, Shes Out of My League, Veronica Mars. She has also appeared in roles in the television series Gilmore Girls, Gossip Girl, Gravity, Til Death, Veronica Mars, Ritter was born in Bloomsburg, Pennsylva

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Ritter in December 2011

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Ritter at the premiere of 27 Dresses in January 2008

Ving Rhames
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Rhames was born in Harlem, New York City, New York, the son of Reather, a homemaker, and Ernest Rhames, an auto mechanic. His parents were raised as sharecroppers in South Carolina, named after the late NBC journalist, Irving R. Levine, Irving Rhames also grew up in Harlem. He entered New Yorks High School of Performing Arts, where he discovered hi

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Ving Rhames

Rachel Hunter
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Rachel Hunter is a New Zealand supermodel, actress and the host of Imagination Televisions Rachels Tour of Beauty. She has appeared on magazine covers, including Italian Vogue, Elle. She was on the cover of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue in 1994, Hunter was born in Glenfield, a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. Her parents divorced when she w

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Rachel Hunter

Genre
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Genre is any form or type of communication in any mode with socially-agreed upon conventions developed over time. Genres form by conventions that change over time as new genres are invented, often, works fit into multiple genres by way of borrowing and recombining these conventions. Stand alone texts, works, or pieces of communication may have indi

Romantic comedy film
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Romantic comedy films are films with light-hearted, humorous plotlines, centered on romantic ideals such as that true love is able to surmount most obstacles. One dictionary definition is a movie, play, or television program about a love story that ends happily. Another definition states that its primary distinguishing feature is a plot in which tw

Mind The Gap (2004 film)
–
Mind the Gap is a 2004 American multi-story comedy-drama film, written and directed by Eric Schaeffer. The film moves back and forth between five separate stories that interconnect with each other by the end of the film, the film stars Elizabeth Reaser, Eric Schaeffer, Jill Sobule, Charles Parnell, John Heard, Vera Farmiga, and Alan King in his las

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Official poster

Starved
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Starved is an FX television situation comedy that aired for one season of seven episodes in 2005. The series was about four friends who each suffer from eating disorders and its characters included those with bulimia, anorexia, and binge eating disorder. Eric Schaeffer created the show as well as writing, starring in and directing it, in addition t

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The main characters from left to right: Billie, Dan, Sam and Adam

Crime film
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Crime films are a genre of film that focus on crime. The stylistic approach to a crime film varies from realistic portrayals of real-life criminal figures, films dealing with crime and its detection are often based on plays rather than novels. Agatha Christies stage play Witness for the Prosecution was adapted for the big screen by director Billy W

Black comedy
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Black comedy or dark comedy is a comic style that makes light of subject matter that is generally considered taboo. Literary critics have associated black comedy and black humor with authors as early as the ancient Greeks with Aristophanes, Black comedy corresponds to the earlier concept of gallows humor. The term black humor was coined by the Surr

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' Hopscotch to oblivion', Barcelona, Spain

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An amusing play on words

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Major "King" Kong riding a nuclear bomb to oblivion, from the film Dr. Strangelove

The Dead Zone (TV series)
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Stephen Kings Dead Zone is an American/Canadian science fiction drama television series starring Anthony Michael Hall as Johnny Smith, who discovers he has developed psychic abilities after a coma. The show was commissioned for UPN, but the network later dropped the show. The series was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada for its first fi

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The Dead Zone

Science fiction
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Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a literature of ideas. Science fiction is difficult to define, as it includes a range of subgenres and themes. Author and editor Damon Knight summed up the difficulty, saying science fiction is what we point to when we say it, a defini

1.
A futuristic setting is a common but not a necessary hallmark of science fiction. A common thread in science fiction is exploring the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations on people's lives.

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H. G. Wells

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Jules Verne

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Arthur C. Clarke

Suspense (genre)
–
Thriller is a broad genre of literature, film and television, having numerous subgenres. Thrillers are characterized and defined by the moods they elicit, giving viewers heightened feelings of suspense, excitement, surprise, anticipation, successful examples of thrillers are the films of Alfred Hitchcock. Thrillers generally keep the audience on th

1.
A common theme in thrillers involves innocent victims dealing with deranged adversaries, as seen in Hitchcock's film Rebecca (1940), where Mrs. Danvers tries to persuade Mrs. De Winter to leap to her death.

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A common occurrence in thrillers is characters being taken as hostages and with a ransom in need. (Hostages, 1896 painting by Jean-Paul Laurens, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lyon)

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Little Red Riding Hood is an early example of a psychotic stalker story, a common convention in the thriller genre (art by Gustave Doré).

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Rear Window is considered to be one of Hitchcock's best and one of the greatest movies ever made. The film received four Academy Award nominations.