5 Gluteus MaximusProduces hip extension beyond 15 degrees; not used extensively during walkingStrongly used during running, hopping, skipping, and jumpingBest isolated with the knee flexed to reduce hip extension from the hamstrings40 degrees

10 Gluteus Medius and MinimusDuring walking these muscles abduct (or hold up) the free leg, preventing it from sagging.Both are important in transferring weight from one leg to the other (e.g. running, hopping, skipping, etc.)Their effectiveness decreases with age.

11 Biceps Femoris Lateral side Origin: Insertion: Head of the fibula1.) Long head - ischial tuberosity;2.) Short head - lower half of the linea asperaInsertion: Head of the fibulaAction:Extension of hipExternal rotation of the hip (and knee)(Flexion of knee)

12 Biceps FemorisOne of the hamstring muscles (semitendinosus and semimembranosus)A two-joint muscle which is a powerful hip extensor unless the knees are flexedIsolated during leg curls with some external rotation of the hip and knee. This “lines up” the origin and insertion.

14 Semitendinosus Medial side; superficial Origin: Ischial tuberosityInsertion: Medial surface of proximal end of the tibiaAction:Extension of the hipInternal rotation of the hip (and knee)Flexion of the knee

16 Semimembranosus Medial side, deeper than semitendonosusOrigin: Ischial tuberosityInsertion: Medial surface of the tibiaAction:Extension of the hipInternal rotation of the hip (and knee)Flexion of the knee

22 Iliopsoas Origins: I: lesser trochanter of the femur Actions:iliac fossavertebral bodies of the last thorasic and lumbar vertebraeI: lesser trochanter of the femurActions:Flexion of the hipExternal rotation

23 Iliopsoas Strong hip flexor muscleRaises legs off the floor from the supine position.Pulls anteriorly on the lower lumbar vertebraeMay aggravate lower back problemsAbdominal muscles can prevent lumbar strainUsed during complete sit-ups and straight leg sit-ups.Stretching this muscle requires hyper-extension of the hip.

32 Sartorius Origin: Anterior-superior spine of the iliumInsertion: Anterior medial condyle of the tibia (behind the medial condyle)Action:Flexion of hipExternal rotation of the hip[Flexion of the knee]

34 Sartorius Longest muscle in the bodyIt is a two-joint muscle; hip flexion and knee flexionIt is weak when both actions take place at the same time.

35 Rectus Femoris Two joint muscle; most superficialOrigin: anterior-inferior iliac spine of the iliumInsertion: top of the patella and patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosityActions:Flexion of the hip [Extension of the knee]

36 Rectus Femoris A two-joint muscle: hip flexion and knee extensionPowerful knee extension when the hip is extended but weaker when the hip is flexed.The gluteus maximus and the hamstring muscles will extend the hip making the rectus femoris stronger during knee extension

41 Six Hip Rotator MusclesCommon action is External RotationPowerful external rotation of the hip is required to throw a baseball, swing a bat or golf club.The sciatic nerve passes just inferior to the piriformis therefore a tight piriformis muscle my contribute to compression on the sciatic nerve.

54 Name the muscle Gluteus Maximus Actions:extension of the thigh at the hiplateral rotation of the thighlower fibers (below the center of motion) assist adductionupper fibers (above the center of motion) assist in abductionGluteus Maximus

55 Name the muscle Actions adduction of the thigh at the hipaids in flexionAdductor Brevis

56 Name the muscle Actions Gluteus Minimus abduction of the thighmedial rotationflexionGluteus Minimus

57 Name the muscle Actions: Adductor Longus adduction of the thighassists in flexion of the thigh at the hipAdductor Longus

58 Name the muscle Actions: abduction of the thighanterior fibers: flexion and medial rotation,posterior fibers: extension and lateral rotation.Gluetus Medius

59 Name the muscle Actions: adduction at the hip medial rotation[flexion at the knee]Gracilis

60 Name the muscle Iliopsoas Actions: flexion of the thigh at the hipslight adductionflexion of the spine