Richie Tenenbaum is somewhat based on Björn Borg (b. 1956), who won 11 tennis Grand Slam titles before a surprise retirement aged just 26. Borg was rumoured to have later attempted suicide, but denied this. Both wear the same headband and trademark Fila polo.

Raleigh St. Clair is based on neurologist and author Oliver Sacks.

Margot Tenenbaum's appearance is based on that of the German singer Nico (1938-88; real name Christa Päffgen).