In accordance with the research of Bauer et al. showed that there is ‘no evidence of significant differences in risk-adjusted returns between ethical and conventional funds for the 1990–2001 period; ethical mutual funds underwent a catching up phase, before delivering financial returns similar to those of conventional mutual funds’.

The existence of small firm revival in the UK economy can be explained with the theoretical reasons. Innovation capability as learning organizations is the major economic determinant of a revival of the sector. SMEs should be capable of adapting the technological and managerial changes in the environment.

As the paper outlines, China is one of the fast-paced economies in the world having GDP of 10% from 1979 to 2008 on an average. However, the current global crisis has vigorously affected China and GDP growth rate have slowed down. Millions of workers have lost their jobs which is a great concern to the government of China.

The adoption of a single currency by 16 of its member states provided ease in doing economic transactions. Trade is the economic aspect that has been most benefitted by this. In 2005, the EU recorded a GDP which accounts for 15% of the world GDP, second only to the United States.

The Indian economy during the entry stage of Unilever was not that favorable for foreign and multinational corporations. There were several political barriers that hindered the multinational corporations to operate in Indian economy independently. The corporation was required to do business with the agreement of a partnership.

The policies that are adopted by the government in order to tackle externalities are although comprehensive and effective in most cases but there are highly dependant on one critical standpoint; this is how effectively the implementation of policies are enforced. This leads us towards other ways that these externalities can be controlled.

An economic study of the joint venture provided by the American Cable Association indicates that the combination of Comcast Corporation and NBC Universal would increase expenditure to customers by $2.4 billion more than nine years because of increased fees for pay television service content.

Globalization is a post-war (1945 -) phenomenon. It describes the process whereby ‘trade’, ‘economies’ and ‘communication’ become more integrated on a world scale. Largely speaking, it has been facilitated by a marked increase in a variety of technologies, such as progress in the areas of transportation and telecommunications.

The barriers that affect in increasing the supply of natural gas are onshore and offshore access, the financial environment (Natural Gas, n.The consumers of natural gas are now exposed to choice and competition. The government does not regulate the price mechanism. The price is set by the demand and supply conditions. Generally the price is set at the level where demand equals supply.The figure above shows the demand for gas over the past 30 years. The nature of international gas market is

As the integration process started and years later, things started looking good for several European countries. People were allowed to move easily from one European state to another though with some restrictions and because of this reason, immigration of people started and people started moving from one state to another.

The regulator can set price ceiling which is equal to the marginal cost i. In this way the regulatory authority decides about the ceiling price and the monopolist is allowed to select the output quantity in order to maximize the profit or minimize the loss (Wessels, 2000).The cost push inflation includes factors or elements which results in decreasing the aggregate supply. These factors include, for example, increasing wage rates or increasing cost of raw materials. In both cases the firms cut

However, Davig and Leeper (2011, p. 233) argue that the most significant implication of uncontrolled inflation is the slumping of sectors of the economy, such as housing. OECD Economic Surveys (2011, p. 42) demonstrates that inflation is among the objectives of macroeconomic policy because if there is no price stability within an economy, recession becomes eminent, which emanates from lack of competitiveness among firms within different sectors of the economy.Nonetheless, the views of

The political economy of China provided a unique framework by which China transformed from a state-owned and controlled economy to one that is supervised and regulated by the state in combination with market mechanisms. It was able to accomplish this by combining political, economic and socio-cultural innovations.

Brazil experienceв a very good economic phase in the early 1970s, with rapid GDP growth and inflation rates reaching their lowest point during this period until the Real Plan. This can be attributed to the financial reforms in the mid-sixties, which had provided the government with the remarkable tool of domestic debt.

Furthermore, the weakest forecast was observed in the last quarter of 2014 with a real GDP growth estimate of 0.8%, which was the lowest so far. Therefore, the hiking sales taxes were a further blow to the already deteriorating economy, which was reacting to the global recession hitting all major world economies. While Japan hasn`t so much suffered from the housing crisis or toxicity in context to assets , yet in other respects, Japan has been hit harder than various EU states and even US. At

A country with many large business firms and companies exhibits a high degree of economic performance compared to one with numerous small firms. According a European Union financed study, large firms are more successful in the international markets. Such firms pay higher wages making them produce more as per their objectives; therefore, they end up enjoying higher revenues and supernormal profits as compared to smaller firms leading to economic growth.Different manufacturers in European

Social factors included diverse demographic and cultural aspects of society that forms the macro-environment of the organisation. The digitization and internet have undoubtedly had a major impact on the music industry. After a period of sustained increases in sales and revenues following the introduction of the Compact Disc in the 1990s, the music industry faced significant losses of revenue for subsequent years (European Commission, 2009).Technology keeps on evolving rapidly, and this means

The minimum rate of wages would predict towards developing an increase in the number of people who are still unemployed within a nation (Mankiw, 2014)When the labour cost increases due to the integration of the new law issued by the government, the first option that would be availed by the employers is to absorb the extra cost or must be strategically implementing the need for reduction in current labours. Employers are noted to be always active to reduce the production cost as their strategic

The policies introduced brought about significant losses amounting to £489 per year. However, the mean gain reported for the year was £321. The benefits were attributed to the cutting of direct tax while during the same time a loss of £333 was reported. The loss led to increasing indirect taxation.

Fiscal policy therefore has the potential of mitigating unemployment as it can help increase aggregate demand and also spur economic growth. Expansionary fiscal strategies involving tax cuts and increase government spending can thus be economically viable options for reducing unemployment. With low taxes disposable incomes increase as was the case when VAT was cut down to 15% in the year 2008 with the outcome being increased consumption and ultimately aggregate demand. Increased aggregate