"ECG monitoring is useful, simple, and widely used in hospital-based care and in many other clinical settings. Clinicians must be familiar with proper use of this monitoring tool and know how to interpret the information it provides."

Endometrial biopsy is an office-based method for evaluating the tissue lining of the uterus. The many indications for endometrial biopsy include abnormal uterine bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding, amenorrhea for a year or longer, evaluation of infertility, evaluation of uterine response to hormone therapy, and follow-up for a Papanicolaou smear that has shown atypical glandular cells. The video demonstrates the technique of endometrial biopsy.

"Endotracheal extubation should be performed without causing trauma, while maintaining adequate oxygenation and ventilation. The equipment needed to provide suction, ventilation, and reintubation should be readily available. If extubation is judged to be unsafe, the procedure should be postponed and the patient reevaluated. Most complications related to extubation are preventable. Before performing extubation, the clinician must carefully prepare the medical resources needed to address reasonably foreseeable complications. A failed extubation can lead to a precipitous deterioration in the patient's condition, and attempts to improvise solutions under these challenging circumstances are rarely satisfactory."

Discusses the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and presents findings about a lesser known syphilis study in Guatemala in the 1940's funded by the National Institute of Health, under the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS). Grant RG65 was "given to the Pan American Sanitary Bureau (later PAHO) under the direction of the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory of the U.S. PHS with the cooperation of the Ministry of Health of Guatemala, the National Army of the Revolution of Guatemala, the National Mental Health Hospital of Guatemala, and the Ministry of Justice of Guatemala." According the the study director, John C. Cutler, the study was designed "to obtain information about methods of prophylaxis against syphilis and the effect of penicillin in the treatment of syphilis". Guatemala was chosen as the site in part because it offered contained populations difficult to find in the U.S.: Commercial sex workers to deliver infection (prostitution was legal), Prisoners, Mental hospital patients, and Soldiers. At the start of the study in 1946, infected prostitutes were paid to visit prison inmates, but the prisoners' cooperation did not persist and a new population was needed. In 1947 the study moved to the national mental hospital and army barracks where men and women were injected with syphilis and offered penicillin as an antidote. The study ended in 1948 and the results were never broadly disseminated until Dr. Cutler's papers were rediscovered.

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