The Free State is officially free of hanging chad and lever machines, Woodside said. All counties will use the AccuVote-TS Model ES-2000 direct-recording electronic voting system from Diebold Election Systems Inc. of North Canton, Ohio. Baltimore City is using the AVC Advantage Model 315 Direct Recording Electronic system from Sequoia Voting Systems Inc. of Hayward, Calif.

Security problems with the Diebold systems have been the subject of much controversy. Not long after Maryland signed the DRE contract with Diebold in July 2003, several professors at Johns Hopkins University issued a report on problems with the Diebold voting system.

The report’s author, Avi Rubin, a Johns Hopkins professor and director of Hopkins’ Information Security Institute, made some incorrect assumptions about the Diebold system, Woodside said. Rubin assumed the DRE computers would have an attached keyboard and be connected to the Internet, neither of which is the case, she said.

Gov. Robert Ehrlich ordered an independent review of the Diebold system. A risk assessment by Science Applications International Corp. of San Diego came up with 328 security requirements, 66 of which the Diebold equipment didn’t meet.

The Elections Board then put together a plan to ensure those requirements were met and presented it to the governor, Woodside said.

Maryland has made a series of adjustments to the Diebold equipment to mitigate the security vulnerabilities:

Each of the 16,000 DRE units receives logic and accuracy testing. Woodside said elections staff loads ballots on each unit and tests to make sure the time is set correctly and the screen is laid out in portrait, not landscape, mode.

The encrypted ballot image is stored in flash memory.

Equipment is stored under lock and key.

Tape that changes color if it has been tampered with is placed on the keyhole where the memory card is stored. The tape is also applied to servers.

“Nobody can replace the memory card without our seeing that something was done,” she said.

Implementing the new voting equipment was “a lot like Y2K,” said Woodside, who managed the year 2000 rollover for the Housing and Urban Development Department. “There are no rain dates for Election Day.”