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The Semantic Puzzle

There’s Money in Linked Data

I believe that the ongoing debate whether there ‘is money in linked (open) data or not’ is a bit misleading. ‘Linked (open) data’ is not only the data itself. It’s much more, even more than yet another technology stack. Linked data is most of all a set of principles how to organize information in agile organizations that are embedded in fast moving and dynamic environments. And from this perspective there is a huge amount of money in it – but let me refine that a bit later.

Crying out loud in 2013 that ‘there is no money in linked data’ is an important step towards the right direction because it points out that data publishers should be more precise with data licensing. Although quite flexible licensing models would already exist – it’s the people (and probably other legal entities) who forget to publish their data together with statements about the ‘openness’ of it. As a result, the data remains closed for commercial users. This hasn’t been properly noticed in the early days of the linked open dataLinked Open Data (LOD) stands for freely available data on the World Wide Web, which can be identified via Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and can be accessed and retrieved directly via HTTP. Finally link your data to other data to provide context. cloud since commercial users haven’t been around at all (in contrast to academic institutions which considered the LOD cloud to be a wonderful playground). It’s the same thing with linked data as a technology and linked data as a set of standards: the standards and the technology stack are mature now (just think about Virtuoso’s brilliant SPARQL performance, for example), but most people from IT still wouldn’t have things like URIs, RDF and SPARQL off the top of their head when they seek solutions for powerful data integration methodologies.

Why is that?

I believe that so far ‘linked data’ has always been perceived by people from outside the linked data core-community only as a new way to organize data on the web, thus technologies are still not mature for enterprisesA company is a form of business organization. In the United States, a company is a corporation—or, less commonly, an association, partnership, or union—that carries on an industrial enterprise. " Generally, a company may be a "corporation, partnership, association, joint-stock ....

But the truth is, that linked data has at least a threefold nature. Linked data is

a method to organize information in general, not only on the web but also in enterprises

a set of standards which is flexible and expressive enough to link data across boundaries (organizational, political, philosophical), cultures and languages

a way of using IT and information in a quite intuitive way, very close to the patterns like human beings tend to create realities, thus comprehensible also for non-techies.

I think that technologists have made a brilliant job so far with creating the linked data technology stack, its underlying standards, triple-stores and quad-stores, reasoners etc., and for specialists it’s absolutely clear why this kind of technologies will outperform traditional databases, BI-tools, search engines etc. by far.

But: the crucial point now is that enterprises have to adapt linked data technologies inside their corporate boundaries (and not only for SEO purposes or the like). The key question is not whether there is enough LODLinked Open Data (LOD) stands for freely available data on the World Wide Web, which can be identified via Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and can be accessed and retrieved directly via HTTP. Finally link your data to other data to provide context. out there for app-makers or not. High-quality LOD will be produced very quickly as soon as there are commercial consumers like large enterprises. I am not talking about use cases for linked data in the fields of data publishing or SEO.

The main driver for the further Linked Data development will be enterprises which embrace LD technologies for their internal information management.

It’s true that there are already some large companiesA company is a form of business organization. In the United States, a company is a corporation—or, less commonly, an association, partnership, or union—that carries on an industrial enterprise. " Generally, a company may be a "corporation, partnership, association, joint-stock ... (like Daimler – meet them at this year’s I-SEMANTICS in GrazGraz is the second-largest city in Austria after Vienna and the capital of the federal state of Styria. It has a population of 291,890 as of 2010 (of which 258.605 have principal residence status). Graz has a long tradition as a student city: its six universities have more than 44,000 students. ...!) dealing with that question but to be honest: there is not the same hype around ‘linked data’ as we can see with ‘big data’. IBMInternational Business Machines, abbreviated IBM, is a multinational computer, technology and IT consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, North Castle, New York, United States. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back to the 19th ..., MicrosoftMicrosoft Corporation is a multinational computer technology corporation that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of software products for computing devices. Headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA, its most profitable products are the Microsoft Windows operating system ... & Co. are not that interested in linked data of course because it is a platform by itself and doesn’t foresee any kind of lucrative lock-in effects. Internet companies like GoogleGoogle Inc. is a multinational public corporation invested in Internet search, cloud computing, and advertising technologies. Google hosts and develops a number of Internet-based services and products, and generates profit primarily from advertising through its AdWords program. The company was ... and Facebook make use of linked data quite hesitantly. Although Facebook’s Graph Search or Google’s Knowledge Graph contain large portions of this kind of technology, Google would never say ‘oh, we are a semantic web companyThe Semantic Web Company (SWC), based in Vienna, provides companies, institutions and organizations with professional services related to the Semantic Web, semantic technologies and Social Software now, we make heavy use of linked data, and of course we will also contribute to the LOD cloud.’

Why is that? Simply spoken, because through the glasses of Google, Facebook & Co. the internet is a huge machine which produces data for them. Not the other way around.

But shouldn’t the enterprise customers themselves be interested in a cost-effective way of information management? They are, but as stated before, they haven’t perceived linked data as such, although it clearly is.

To develop technologies, we need critical questions, and of course the most critical ones always come from the inside of a community or movement. But time has come to spread the good news for the ‘outside’.

Yes, databases which rely on linked data standards have become mature and enough performing for many query types so that they outperform even ‘traditional’ relational databases

Yes, also issues which are critical for enterprise usage like privacy and security have been solved by most linked data technology vendors

Yes, SPARQL Query Language is not only a second SQL but comes with some brilliant features like transitive queries which help to save a lot of time when developing applications like business intelligence reporting and analysis

Yes, Linked Data has the potential to become the basis for a large variety of tools which help decision-makers (not only in enterprises but also in politics) to become true ‘digerati’ instead of being degraded to masters of the ‘bullshit bingo’.

Yes, this list can be further extended and it is a core element for the further expansion of the LOD cloud. It’s the enterprises that will drive the next level of maturity of the linked data landscape. Because at the end of the day it’s only them who will pay or have already paid the bill for open (government) data.