ABSTRACT This study offers a general perspective on conservation status and socio-economic constraints in Buila-Vânturariţa National Park. Buila-Vânturariţa National Park (BVNP) is a protected area established in 2004. The park isalso a protected area in the European Union, as part of the Network European Ecological Natura 2000 (as Site ofCommunity Interest: ROSCI0015 Buila - Vânturariţa, and Special Protected Area: Cozia-Buila-VânturariţaROSPA0025). Buffer zone of the park is a fragile area where economic development of Bistriţa limestone quarry needsto respect the conservation of environmental components. From a legal perspective, the park buffer zone does not alloweconomic activities which are destructive to the environment. The main constraint remains the overlapping of thesouthern limit of BVNP and Natura 2000 sites over the operational perimeter of the quarry Bistriţa (area of about 16 ha)and access roads to the top of the quarry. The opening activity in the top of the quarry is important for regional socioeconomiccontext (chemical industry). An environmental impact assessment was applied for quarry which is placedvery close to the park. The problems of current and future constraints need to be carefully identified and quantified inprotected areas of Romania, as do the root causes and effects of these constraints.