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Pre-Reading Strategies

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Truth # 2 : We must explicitly target specific skills and strategies. • Each time a student is expected to read, teachers need to target one or more skills or strategies and these needs to be communicated to the students. • Skills and strategies are modeled and opportunities for guided practices should be included. The goal is to expect the independent use of the skills and strategies.

Background Knowledge Facts Background Knowledge… • greatly influences comprehension; • is organized and stored in the brain so the reader can use information as needed; • helps readers seek and select the information that is relevant to their purposes for reading ; • provides a framework for making connections, predictions, and making inferences, etc; • helps readers organize text information and thus enhancing the ability to retain and remember what is read; and • helps readers elaborate information thus modifying what is already stored in long term memory.

Anticipation Guide • “An Anticipation Guide is a comprehension strategy designed to encourage interactive reading by requiring students to compare current beliefs and knowledge with text information.” Merkley, D.J. (1996)

Establish a Purpose for Reading Before Reading Effective readers set a foundation for reading success. The three strategies that follow will help students do this important work. • Activating Prior Knowledge • Previewing Lesson Organization • Map with a Purpose http://www.civiced.org/pdfs/books/2010bkwtplitguidelvl2MR.pdf