660. Besides the roots

Irregularities of the Reduplicating Class.

Besides the roots in ṛ or ar — namely, ṛ, ghṛ (usually written ghar), tṛ, pṛ, bhṛ, sṛ, hṛ, pṛc — the following roots having a or ā as radical vowel take i instead of a in the reduplicating syllable: gāgo, māmeasure, mābellow, çā, hāremove (mid.), vac, sac; vaç. has both i and a; rā has i once in RV.; for sthā, pādrinkghrā, han, hi, see below (670–4).