Most linear algebra texts neglect geometry in general and linear geometry in particular. This text for advanced undergraduates and graduate students stresses the relationship between algebra and linear geometry. It begins by using the complex number plane as an introduction to a variety of transformations and their groups in the Euclidean plane, explaining algebraic concepts as they arise. A brief account of Poincaré's model of the hyperbolic plane and its transformation group follow. Succeeding chapters contain a systematic treatment of affine, Euclidean, and projective spaces over fields that emphasizes transformations and their groups, along with an outline of results involving other geometries. An examination of the foundations of geometry starts from rudimentary projective incidence planes, then gradually adjoins axioms and develops various non-Desarguesian, Desarguesian, and Pappian planes, their corresponding algebraic structures, and their collineation groups. The axioms of order, continuity, and congruence make their appearance and lead to Euclidean and non-Euclidean planes. Lists of books for suggested further reading follow the third and fourth chapters, and the Appendix provides lists of notations, axioms, and transformation groups.

This is essentially a book on linear algebra. But the approach is somewhat unusual in that we emphasise throughout the geometric aspect of the subject. The material is suitable for a course on linear algebra for mathe matics majors at North American Universities in their junior or senior year and at British Universities in their second or third year. However, in view of the structure of undergraduate courses in the United States, it is very possible that, at many institutions, the text may be found more suitable at the beginning graduate level. The book has two aims: to provide a basic course in linear algebra up to, and including, modules over a principal ideal domain; and to explain in rigorous language the intuitively familiar concepts of euclidean, affine, and projective geometry and the relations between them. It is increasingly recognised that linear algebra should be approached from a geometric point of VIew. This applies not only to mathematics majors but also to mathematically-oriented natural scientists and engineers.

The author of this text seeks to remedy a common failing in teaching algebra: the neglect of related instruction in geometry. Focusing on inner product spaces, orthogonal similarity, and elements of geometry, this volume is illustrated with an abundance of examples, exercises, and proofs and is suitable for both undergraduate and graduate courses. 1974 edition.

This advanced textbook on linear algebra and geometry covers a wide range of classical and modern topics. Differing from existing textbooks in approach, the work illustrates the many-sided applications and connections of linear algebra with functional analysis, quantum mechanics and algebraic and differential geometry. The subjects covered in some detail include normed linear spaces, functions of linear operators, the basic structures of quantum mechanics and an introduction to linear programming. Also discussed are Kahler's metic, the theory of Hilbert polynomials, and projective and affine geometries. Unusual in its extensive use of applications in physics to clarify each topic, this comprehensice volume should be of particular interest to advanced undergraduates and graduates in mathematics and physics, and to lecturers in linear and multilinear algebra, linear programming and quantum mechanics.

This book on linear algebra and geometry is based on a course given by renowned academician I.R. Shafarevich at Moscow State University. The book begins with the theory of linear algebraic equations and the basic elements of matrix theory and continues with vector spaces, linear transformations, inner product spaces, and the theory of affine and projective spaces. The book also includes some subjects that are naturally related to linear algebra but are usually not covered in such courses: exterior algebras, non-Euclidean geometry, topological properties of projective spaces, theory of quadrics (in affine and projective spaces), decomposition of finite abelian groups, and finitely generated periodic modules (similar to Jordan normal forms of linear operators). Mathematical reasoning, theorems, and concepts are illustrated with numerous examples from various fields of mathematics, including differential equations and differential geometry, as well as from mechanics and physics.

Through many examples and real-world applications, Practical Linear Algebra: A Geometry Toolbox, Third Edition teaches undergraduate-level linear algebra in a comprehensive, geometric, and algorithmic way. Designed for a one-semester linear algebra course at the undergraduate level, the book gives instructors the option of tailoring the course for the primary interests: math, engineering, science, computer graphics, and geometric modeling. New to the Third Edition More exercises and applications Coverage of singular value decomposition and its application to the pseudoinverse, principal components analysis, and image compression More attention to eigen-analysis, including eigenfunctions and the Google matrix Greater emphasis on orthogonal projections and matrix decompositions, which are tied to repeated themes such as the concept of least squares To help students better visualize and understand the material, the authors introduce the fundamental concepts of linear algebra first in a two-dimensional setting and then revisit these concepts and others in a three-dimensional setting. They also discuss higher dimensions in various real-life applications. Triangles, polygons, conics, and curves are introduced as central applications of linear algebra. Instead of using the standard theorem-proof approach, the text presents many examples and instructional illustrations to help students develop a robust, intuitive understanding of the underlying concepts. The authors’ website also offers the illustrations for download and includes Mathematica® code and other ancillary materials.

Stressing the interplay between theory and its practice, this text presents the construction of linear models that satisfy geometric postulate systems and develops geometric topics in computer graphics. It includes a computer graphics utility library of specialized subroutines on a 3.5 disk, designed for use with Turbo PASCAL 4.0 (or later version) - an effective means of computer-aided instruction for writing graphics problems.;Providing instructors with maximum flexibility that allows for the mathematics or computer graphics sections to be taught independently, this book: reviews linear algebra and notation, focusing on ideas of geometric significance that are often omitted in general purpose linear algebra courses; develops symmetric bilinear forms through classical results, including the inertia theorem, Witt's cancellation theorem and the unitary diagonalization of symmetric matrices; examines the Klein Erlanger programm, constructing models of geometries, and studying associated transformation groups; clarifies how to construct geometries from groups, encompassing topological notions; and introduces topics in computer graphics, including geometric modeling, surface rendering and transformation groups.

A self-contained introduction to finite dimensional vector spaces, matrices, systems of linear equations, spectral analysis on euclidean and hermitian spaces, affine euclidean geometry, quadratic forms and conic sections. The mathematical formalism is motivated and introduced by problems from physics, notably mechanics (including celestial) and electro-magnetism, with more than two hundreds examples and solved exercises.Topics include: The group of orthogonal transformations on euclidean spaces, in particular rotations, with Euler angles and angular velocity. The rigid body with its inertia matrix. The unitary group. Lie algebras and exponential map. The Dirac’s bra-ket formalism. Spectral theory for self-adjoint endomorphisms on euclidean and hermitian spaces. The Minkowski spacetime from special relativity and the Maxwell equations. Conic sections with the use of eccentricity and Keplerian motions. An appendix collects basic algebraic notions like group, ring and field; and complex numbers and integers modulo a prime number.The book will be useful to students taking a physics or engineer degree for a basic education as well as for students who wish to be competent in the subject and who may want to pursue a post-graduate qualification.

The main object of this book is to reorient and revitalize classical geometry in a way that will bring it closer to the mainstream of contemporary mathematics. The postulational basis of the subject will be radically revised in order to construct a broad-scale and conceptually unified treatment. The familiar figures of classical geometry-points, segments, lines, planes, triangles, circles, and so on-stem from problems in the physical world and seem to be conceptually unrelated. However, a natural setting for their study is provided by the concept of convex set, which is compara tively new in the history of geometrical ideas. The familiarfigures can then appear as convex sets, boundaries of convex sets, or finite unions of convex sets. Moreover, two basic types of figure in linear geometry are special cases of convex set: linear space (point, line, and plane) and halfspace (ray, halfplane, and halfspace). Therefore we choose convex set to be the central type of figure in our treatment of geometry. How can the wealth of geometric knowledge be organized around this idea? By defini tion, a set is convex if it contains the segment joining each pair of its points; that is, if it is closed under the operation of joining two points to form a segment. But this is precisely the basic operation in Euclid.

In this book we lead the student to an understanding of elementary linear algebra by emphasizing the geometric significance of the subject. Our experience in teaching beginning undergraduates over the years has convinced us that students learn the new ideas of linear algebra best when these ideas are grounded in the familiar geometry of two and three dimensions. Many important notions of linear algebra already occur in these dimensions in a non-trivial way, and a student with a confident grasp of these ideas will encounter little difficulty in extending them to higher dimensions and to more abstract algebraic systems. Moreover, we feel that this geometric approach provides a solid basis for the linear algebra needed in engineering, physics, biology, and chemistry, as well as in economics and statistics. The great advantage of beginning with a thorough study of the linear algebra of the plane is that students are introduced quickly to the most important new concepts while they are still on the familiar ground of two-dimensional geometry. In short order, the student sees and uses the notions of dot product, linear transformations, determinants, eigenvalues, and quadratic forms. This is done in Chapters 2.0-2.7. Then the very same outline is used in Chapters 3.0-3.7 to present the linear algebra of three-dimensional space, so that the former ideas are reinforced while new concepts are being introduced.