International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineeringhttp://www.researchplusjournals.com/index.php/IJARE
<p><strong>International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering (IJARE) &nbsp;(Online ISSN 2412-4362) </strong>is an international peer-reviewed open access online journal that welcomes original high quality research articles and practical concepts in the field of but not limited to Mechanical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Automobile Engineering, Oil &amp; Gas, Energy, Mining Engineering.<br><br><br></p>Research Plus Journalsen-USInternational Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering2412-4362<h1><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Copyright &amp; License</span></h1> <p>All Research Plus Journals (RPJ) publish open access articles under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-SA 4.0)&nbsp;<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/</a> License which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited &amp; ShareAlike terms followed.</p> <p>Copyright on any research article in a journal published by a RPJ is retained by the author(s). Authors grant RPJ a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Upon author(s) by giving permission to RPJ either via RPJ journal portal or other channel to publish their research work in RPJ agrees to all the terms and conditions of&nbsp;<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/</a> License and terms &amp; condition set by RPJ.</p> <p><strong>3rd party copyright</strong></p> <p>&nbsp;It is the&nbsp;responsibility of author(s) to secure all necessary copyright permissions for the use of 3rd-party materials in their manuscript.&nbsp;</p> <h2><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Disclaimer</span></h2> <p>Research Plus Journals Open Access articles posted to repositories or websites are without warranty from RPJ of any kind, either express or implied, including, but not limited to, warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement. To the fullest extent permitted by law RPJ disclaims all liability for any loss or damage arising out of, or in connection, with the use of or inability to use the content.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Using a Shading Tool to Reform Window designing due to Solar Radiationhttp://www.researchplusjournals.com/index.php/IJARE/article/view/382
<p>Sun is the significant criterion that plays the most important role in architectural design. The sun's heat and radiation interact with the designed components of form and façade. These shading elements exhibit different expressions according to the structure orientation and the sun position. According to the climate of structure’s location, the expressions are being used to better respond to the environment in sustainable architecture.</p> <p>In order to get to this point, it is very important to calculate the shading geometry and solar energy during the day and to provide more suitable systems in glass and window designing. &nbsp;According to this, in order to arrive at more suitable shading systems by supporting MATLAB program, the software is written by taking the previous works as basis and closing some of their mistakes. According to the climate data, this program takes the plan drawings of window’s zone and some other information of window, the annual shading simulations are presented. &nbsp;Due to these simulations incident solar radiation of window, essential element of cooling load increasing in summer calculated. Furthermore window designing will be occurred by these simulations. So for the future works the user can import the glass or other datum of window or shading monument to design more efficiency.</p>Bahar Sultan QurraieFigen Beyhan
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2018-03-292018-03-29411610.24178/ijare.2018.4.1.01Ventilation Requirements for Today's Mechanized Underground Metal Mineshttp://www.researchplusjournals.com/index.php/IJARE/article/view/383
<p>Ventilation is a basic part of all underground mine operations. The main objective of underground mine ventilation is to provide sufficient quantities of air to all the working areas. Today, in modern mechanized underground metal mines, diesel-powered mobile equipment is extensively used for high production rates. Ore can be extracted from many production stopes due to the production rate in a mine. Amount of airflow required for an underground mine depends on several factors, including daily production capacity, number of diesel equipment, ambient temperature, mining method, mining depth and airway type. After implementation of Stage IV Emission Standards for nonroad diesel engines, it is getting more complex to determine airflow quantities required for underground mines wherefore reduced diesel emissions. Required amount of airflow for a mine is obtained by ventilation fans and the largest cost aspect in mine ventilation is the power costs of running the ventilation fans which can reach as high as 50 percent of a mine’s entire electrical power cost. The cost of electrical power has increased significantly in recent years and is likely to continue increasing in the future. That is why it is getting more important to determine proper ventilation design for underground metal mines.</p>Alper Gonen
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2018-03-292018-03-294171010.24178/ijare.2018.4.1.07Causes of delay in construction projects: The case of oil and gas projectshttp://www.researchplusjournals.com/index.php/IJARE/article/view/384
<p>Successful implementation of construction projects is one of the key factors for economic development of every country. Every year, a major part of the countries’ capital is allocated to civil and infrastructure projects, most of which are implemented with delay. Construction projects are often criticized for overrunning time and budgets. Analyzing the factors causing delay is essential with the aim of omitting them and timely implementation of these projects. Research to identify the reasons and causes of delays have been conducted in different countries and by various researches. In this paper, various research has studied different factors affecting construction projects delays have been studied. These factors have been identified in four groups consisted of owner, consultant, conductor, and other factors. Moreover, on account of the importance of oil and gas projects, the mentioned factors for these kinds of projects are taken into consideration. The results showed that change orders and changes in scope of work by owner, delay in reviewing of documents by consultant, inadequate experience and knowledge and errors during construction by contractor, and low productivity of laborer have been indicated as key factors comparing with the other as crucial factors causing delay in the oil and gas construction projects.</p>Aliyeh KazemiAli KatebiMohammad-Hossein Kazemi
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2018-03-292018-03-2941111610.24178/ijare.2018.4.1.11Alpha - Skew Pi - Armendariz Ringshttp://www.researchplusjournals.com/index.php/IJARE/article/view/385
<p>In this article we introduce a new concept called Alpha-skew Pi-Armendariz rings (Alpha - S Pi - AR)as a generalization of the notion of Alpha-skew Armendariz rings.Another important goal behind studying this class of rings is to employ it in order to design a modern algorithm of an identification scheme according to the evolution of using modern algebra in the applications of the field of cryptography.We investigate general properties of this concept and give examples for illustration. Furthermore, this paperstudy the relationship between this concept and some previous notions related to Alpha-skew Armendariz rings. It clearly presents that every weak Alpha-skew Armendariz ring is Alpha-skew Pi-Armendariz (Alpha-S Pi-AR). Also, thisarticle showsthat the concepts of Alpha-skew Armendariz rings and Alpha-skew Pi- Armendariz rings are equivalent in case R is 2-primal and semiprime ring.Moreover, this paper proves for a semicommutative Alpha-compatible ringR that if R[x;Alpha] is nil-Armendariz, thenR is an Alpha-S Pi-AR. In addition, if R is an Alpha - S Pi -AR, 2-primal and semiprime ring, then N(R[x;Alpha])=N(R)[x;Alpha]. Finally, we look forwardthat Alpha-skew Pi-Armendariz rings (Alpha-S Pi-AR)be more effect (due to their properties) in the field of cryptography than Pi-Armendariz rings, weak Armendariz rings and others.For these properties and characterizations of the introduced concept Alpha-S Pi-AR, we aspire to design a novel algorithm of an identification scheme.</p>Areej M AbduldaimAhmed M Ajaj
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2018-03-292018-03-2941172210.24178/ijare.2018.4.1.17