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By Dana Burns and Eric Greene 8/22/12 Period # 2 The Computer's Timeline 1937 My first creators were Dr. John V. Atanasoff and Clifford Berry. 1970-1 Dr. Ted Hoff of Intel Corporation develops a microprocessor, or micro programmable computer chip, the Intel 4004. 1975 Ethernet, the first local network (LAN) or (Local Area Network)is developed at Xerox Parc by Robert Metcalf. 1976 Steve Jobs and Steve Woziniak built the first apple computer. 1943 British scientist Alan Turing designs Colossus, a computer that can break german codes. 1945 It was a secret until 1970s. John von Neumann created prototype for of a store program of computers worldwide. 1946 Dr. John W. Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert, Jr. completed work on large-scale electronic, general-purposedigital computer. It was called the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer). It used so much power that it dimmed lights in Philadelphia. 1947 William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain invented the transistor. It revolutionize computers, proving much more reliable than vacuum tubes. 1951 Remmington Rand introduces UNIVAC Iwhich was the first commercially available electronic digital computer. Popular after it correctly predicted that Eisenhower would win election. 1952 Dr. Grace Hopper considers concept of reusable software in her paper "The Education of a Computer." 1953 IBM 650 was one of the first widely used computers. It was planned to produce 50 but ended up producing 1,000. IBM 700 series dominated the mainframe for the next decade. Core Memory provided much larger storage in the 1950s. Fortran, an efficient, easy-to-use prgramming language is introduced by John Backus. The IBM 305 RAMAC system is the first to use magnetic disk for external storage. Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments invented the integrated circuit, which lays the foundation for high-speed computers and large-capacity memories. 1959 More than 200 programming languages have been created. 1960 Computers built with transistors mark the beginning of the second generation of computer hardware. IBM introduces two smalller, desk-sized computers : 1401 for business and 1620 for scientist. IBM 1620 drops the name CADET after the campus wags claims it as an acronym can't add, doesn't even try. 1964 Third generation computers are introduced with their ciruitry stored on chips The number of computers hit 18,000. Family compatible computers are introduced with the IBM system 360. 1964 cont'd MT/STs (typewriters) are introduced with reusable storage medium. This allowed typed material to be edited without having to retype the document. 1965 Dr. John Kemeny leads development of the BASIC programming language. BASIC will be used widely on personal computers. DEC introduces the first microcomputer, the PDP-8. It is used as interface for time-sharing systems. 1968 Computer Science Corporation becomes the first software company listed on the New York Stock Exchange. IBM's Alan Shugart demonstrates the first regular use of an 8-inch floppy disk. 1968 cont'd In the letter "GO TO Statements Considered Harmful," Dr. Edsger Dijsktra introduces the concept of structure programming, developing standards for constructing computer programs. 1969 The ARPANET network, a predecessor of the Internet is established. Under pressure from industry, IBM announces that some of the software will be priced separately from the computer hardware. This unbunding allows software firms to emerge in the industry. Fourth -generation computers, built with chips that use LSI arrive. while the chips used in 1965 contained as many as 1,000 circuits, the LSI chip contains as many as 15,000. It was adopted by schools eveywhere as their first computer. 1979 The first public online information services, CompuServe and the Source are founded. Bob Frankston and Dan Bricklin introduce the spread sheet program. It was written to run on Apple II computers. 1980 Alan Shugart presents the Winchester hard drive, revolutionizing storage for personal computers. A deal was made between Microsoft and IBM that was the creation of MS-DOS Microsoft receives tremendous growth and success. 1981 The first computer virus, Elk Cloner, spread through apple II floppy disk. IBM PC is introduced putting IBM into the personal computer market place. It became the personal computer of choice for business workers. 1982 Hayes introuduces the 300 BPS smart modem. Modem was an immidiate success. Compaq, Inc. is founded to develpop a market idea-compatible PCs. 3,275,000 personal computers are sold, almost 3 million more than in 1981. 1983 Time magazine names a computer Machine of the year instead of a person. Lotus Development Corporation is founded. It was the best selling program for IBM personal computers. 1984 Hewlett-Packard announces the first LaserJet printers for personal computers. Apple introduces the Macintosh computer, which incorporates a unique, easy-to-learn, graphical user interface. 1986 Microsoft has public stock offering and raised $61 million. Microsoft's stock raised about 5,735 times the initial amount. 1988 Microsoft surpasses Lotus Development Corporation to become the world's top software vendor. 1989 The Intel 486 becomes the world's first 1 million transistor microprocessor. Tim Bernes-Lee invents an internet-based hypermedia enterprise for information sharing. He called it the World Wide Web. 1991 World Wide Web Consortium releases standards that describe a framework for linking documents on different computers. 1992 Microsoft releases Windows 3.1, which provides various improvements, the latest version of Windows operating system. 1993 Microsoft releases microsoft office 3 professional, the first version of microsoft office. The White House launches its website, which includes an interactive citizens' handbook and white house history and tours. Several companies introduce computers using the pentium processor from intel. the pentium chip is the successor to the intel 486 processor. 1994 1995 Windows creates Windows 95. 1996 The domain imdb.com is released. 1997 Apple Computer announces eWorld, an online service for Apple tech support and a virtual shopping mall. It is to replace AppleLink. Microsoft releases Microsoft Windows 3.11. Apple allows other computer companies to clone its computer by announcing its licensed the Macintosh operating system rights to Radius on January 4. Wikipedia was created. Intel releases the 200 MHz P6. IPv6 is introduced. The domain myspace.com comes online. David Packard and Cuthbert Hurd passes away. Angelfire is founded. Microsoft releases the final version of Internet Explorer 3.0 for the Apple Macintosh. Internet2 consortium is established. The domain facebook.com comes online. Microsoft releases DirectX 5.0. Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 4.0. Microsoft releases Microsoft Office 97. Microsoft announces Windows 98. 3Com buys U.S. Robotics for $6.6 billion making the consolidation the largest in the history of computer companies. 1998 Intel releases the Celeron processor. Compaq Computer purchases Digital Equipment Corporation for $9.6 billion. The DMCA is passed. PayPal is founded. Amazon purchases IMDb. Apple introduces the iMac, the iMac helps bring Apple back on the computer maps as a very easy and friendly computer. Sony introduces the Sony Memory Stick. AOL announces it will acquire Netscape Communications for an estimated value of $4.2 billion. 1999 RIM releases the Blackberry. The TiVo is introduced at the Consumer electronics show. The Intel Pentium III 500 MHz is released. Microsoft releases Windows CE 3.0. Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 5.0. Apple introduces the Apple Airport and iBook. RIAA sues Napster. 2000 AOL acquires Time Warner and becomes AOL Time Warner. Microsoft's Bill Gates relinquishes his title as CEO to Microsoft President Steve Ballmer. The domain twitter.com comes online. EA releases The Sims, the best-selling PC game in history. Microsoft Windows 2000 was released. NASDAQ hits its record high and marks the turning point of the dot-com boom. Microsoft Pocket PC 2000 is introduced. Jack Kilby is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. ATA-5 is approved by ANSI. Microsoft releases Windows ME. Steve Wozniak is inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. IPOD 2001 Microsoft announces that Windows 95 is now a legacy item and will no longer be sold or shipped to any more customers. The domain wikipedia.org comes online. Electronic Arts purchases Pogo.com. Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 6.0. Apple introduces Mac OS X 10.0 code named Cheetah and the Mac OS X 10.1 code named Puma. Dell computers becomes the largest PC maker. USB 2.0 is introduced. Microsoft releases the original Xbox game console. Rhapsody is released. 2002 This is Dewie the turtle. Google releases its first hardware device called the Google Search Appliance. Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones is released. Napster files for a Chapter 11 bankruptcy. Cartoon turtle named "Dewie" introduced to help promote Internet safety and security. PayPal is acquired by eBay. Hitachi closes deal to purchase IBM's hard drive operation for $2.05 billion. Microsoft release DirectX 8. Apple introduces the iPod. Microsoft releases DirectX 9. Google introduces Froogle, which allows users to search for stuff to buy. 2003 Microsoft Windows Server 2003 The Slammer worm is first released and becomes the fastest spreading worm in history after infecting hundreds of thousands of computers in less than three hours. Google acquires Blogger. Intel Pentium M is introduced. Microsoft Windows XP 64-Bit Edition (Version 2003) for Itanium 2 systems is released. Microsoft Windows Server 2003 is released. Apple opens the iTunes store. The H.264 standard is completed. Yahoo! acquires Overture for $1.63 billion. The game Second Life is released. Apple adds iTunes support for Microsoft Windows computers. Apple introduces Mac OS X 10.3 code named Panther. Microsoft Windows XP Media Center Edition 2003 is released. Google releases Google Print, which later becomes Google Book Search. 2004 Gmail MySpace official site is launched. Google jumps into the Social Networking with the release of Orkut. Mark Zuckerberg launches Thefacebook, which later becomes Facebook. WPA2 begins being used. The photo sharing site Flickr is launched. Comcast purchases TechTV to form G4TechTV. Google announces Gmail on April 1, 2004. Apple introduces Mac OS X 10.4 code named Tiger at the WWDC. Apple introduces AirPlay. Internet site Yelp is launched. Google acquires Keyhole , which later becomes Google Earth. The first release of Ubuntu is released. Blizzard's World of Warcraft game, the most popular and successful MMORPG is released. IBM sells its computing division to Lenovo Group for $1.75 billion. 2005 YouTube Jeffrey Parson aka T33kid is convicted for the Blaster computer worm. SBC announced it would purchase AT&T for more than $16 Billion USD. Google Maps is launched. YouTube is founded. Google acquires Urchin , which later becomes Google Analytics. Verizon introduces FiOS. Yahoo announces that it will acquire the popular photo service Flickr. Microsoft Windows XP Professional x64 Edition is released. Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith is released. Google introduces its Personalized Homepage , which is now known as iGoogle. Apple announces it plans on switching its computer to the Intel processors. Jack Kilby passes away. MySpace is purchased by News Corporation for $580 Million. eBay acquired Skype for approximately $2.6billion. The Pandora Internet Radio service is launched. Google hires DARPA veteran Vint Cerf to carry on his quest for a global open Internet. Google releases Google Analytics. Microsoft releases the Xbox 360, the second generation of their popular game console. Adobe completes its acquisition of Macromedia. Maxtor is acquired by Seagate Technology. 2006 The blu-ray is first announced and introduced at the 2006 CES. Intel introduces the Intel Core and Viiv. Toshiba releases the first HD DVD player in Japan. Apple announces Boot Camp, which will allow users to run Windows XP on their computers. Google launches Google Calendar. Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E6320 (4M Cache, 1.86 GHz, 1066 MHz FSB). Dell purchases Alienware. Toshiba releases the first HD DVD player in a computer computer with the introduction of the Toshiba Qosmio 35. Twitter is officially launched. The Intel Core 2 Extreme is first released. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 is introduced. Google launches its Custom Search Engine service. Sony releases the PlayStation 3. Nintendo releases the Wii. Microsoft releases Microsoft Windows Vista to corporations. Alan F. Shugart passes away. Google introduces Patent search , which searches over 7 million patents. 2007 iphone AMD releases the DTX motherboard form factor. Apple introduces the iPhone to the public at the Macworld Conference & Expo. Apple announces that it will drop computer from its name as it becomes a company who deals with more than computers. Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E4300 (2M Cache, 1.80 GHz, 800 MHz FSB). Microsoft releases Microsoft Windows Vista and Office 2007 to the general public. Estonia becomes the first country to conduct an election over the Internet. John Backus passes away. Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E4400 (2M Cache, 2.00 GHz, 800 MHz FSB). Google releases Google Trends. Apple releases the Apple iPhone to the public. Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E4500 (2M Cache, 2.20 GHz, 800 MHz FSB). Google releases Android. Amazon.com releases the first Kindle in the United States. Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E4600 (2M Cache, 2.40 GHz, 800 MHz FSB). Apple introduces Mac OS X 10.5 code named Leopard. Steve Jobs is inducted into the California Hall of Fame. 2008 Hulu Acer officially acquires Packard Bell. The HD player war comes to an end when HD DVD calls it quit, making Blu-ray the victor. Microsoft release the WorldWide Telescope (WWT) program. AOL ends support for the Netscape Internet browser. Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E4700 (2M Cache, 2.60 GHz, 800 MHz FSB). The Hulu website is released to the Public. Intel releases the Core 2 Duo E7200 (3M Cache, 2.53 GHz, 1066 MHz FSB). Apple introduces Mac OS X 10.6 code named Snow Leopard and MobileMe at the WWDC. XM and Sirius complete their merger. Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E7300 (3M Cache, 2.66 GHz, 1066 MHz FSB). Apple introduces its latest line of Apple iMac computers. Google releases the beta version of Chrome. Leonard Kleinrock is awarded the National Medal of Science. Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E7400 (3M Cache, 2.80 GHz, 1066 MHz FSB). After completing their merger XM and Sirius begin broadcasting both services as one. The first Intel i7 is released to the public. Google releases the first public version of Chrome. 2009 Bing Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E7500 (3M Cache, 2.93 GHz, 1066 MHz FSB). Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 is introduced. Apple removes support for AppleTalk with its introduction of Mac OS X v10.6 that also is the first version of the Mac OS that no longer supports PowerPC processors. Facebook overtakes MySpace in Internet traffic. The Minecraft game is released. Intel releases the Core2 Duo Processor E7600 (3M Cache, 3.06 GHz, 1066 MHz FSB). Microsoft launches the Bing search engine. Google announces the Google Chrome OS. Yahoo! and Microsoft announced a 10-year search deal where the Yahoo! search would be replaced by Bing. Microsoft releases Virtual PC, MSE, and Windows 7. Steve Jobs is named CEO of the decade by Fortune Magazine. Palm introduces WebOS. USB 3.0 begins being released. The first Barnes & Noble Nook is released. Rocket Software acquires Folio and NXT from Microsoft. 2010 iphone 4 Apple introduces the iPad. Google Buzz is released. Hewlett Packard purchased the Palm company, and the rights to WebOS. Apple introduces the iPhone 4. Woot.com announces it has signed an agreement to be acquired by Amazon.com. Amazon releases a press release mentioning it is now selling more Kindle books than hardcover books. The Document Foundation releases LibreOffice. Intel releases the AHCI specification. Microsoft announces plans to release Windows Phone 7. First all-robotic surgery performed at Montreal General Hospital. Planet Calypso a virtual planet in the game Entropia becomes the most valuable virtual item selling for $635,000.00. Microsoft first releases the Kinect for the Xbox 360. Mark Zuckerberg is named TIME Person of the Year 2010. 2011 Windows Internet Explorer 9 IntelSandy Bridge processor is released. Watson, an IBM Super computer beats the two best human Jeopardy players in a three day event with a score greater than the two human players combined. Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 9. Microsoft announces plans to acquire Skype for $8.5 billion in cash. Microsoft introduces Office 365. Newscorp sells MySpace to Specific Media L.L.C for $35 million, around $473 Million less than it initially paid for it. Hewlett Packard announces an interest in selling its Personal Systems Group, including WebOS. Steve Jobs resigns as Apple's CEO due to health reasons. Tony Sale, Einar Stefferud, Steve Jobs, Dennis Ritchie, and John McCarthy passes away. 2012 IPv6 Jack Tramiel passes away. Google and several other companies migrate to IPv6. There are more things to come in this year. References www.computerhope.com 1958 1957 COBOL, a high-level business application language, is developed by a committee headed by Dr. Grace Hopper. 1960 U.S. robotics introduces the PalmPilot, a low-cost, user-friendly personal digital assistant (PDA). Microsoft releases Windows NT 4.0, an operating system for client-server networks.