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1 TÜRKÇE-İNGİLİZCE ÇEVİRİ SORULARI 1. Bazı kaslar bir eklemden gecerler ve eklemi olusturan kemiklere tutturulmuslardır. A) Muscles which are attached to the bones of a joint pass across the joint. B) Some muscles pass across a joint and are attached to the bones that form the joint. C) Some muscles, which pass across the joint, are attached to some of the bones that make up the joint. D) The muscles that are attached to the bones that make up a joint, work the joint. E) Some of the muscles that pass over a joint may be attached to the bones of that joint. 2. Evrim, bir canlı turunde zamanla meydana gelen genetik değisiklikler olarak tanımlanabilir. A) Over time, in the course of evolution, certain genetic changes occur in a type of organism. B) By evolution we mean the genetic changes that occur in some species of organism over a period of time. C) The process of genetic change that comes about in a group of organisms in a period of time is known as evolution. D) Evolution can be defined as genetic changes occurring over time in a species of organism. E) Evolution is the word used to define the genetic changes that occur in time in a species of organism. 3. Adını Zaire'deki bir nehirden alan "ebola" oldurucu bir hastalığa neden olan uzamıs tek bukumlu bir RNA virusudur. A) "Ebola" is the name given to an elongated singlestranded RNA virus which abounds in a river of the same name in Zaire and causes a fatal disease. B) The word "ebola" comes from a river in Zaire and refers to an elongated, single-stranded RNA virus that causes a fatal disease. C) "Ebola" is a fatal disease caused by an elongated, single-stranded RNA virus associated with a river in Zaire of that name. D) An elongated, single-stranded RNA virus is the cause of the fatal disease known as "ebola" which is also the name of a river in Zaire. E) Named after a river in Zaire, "ebola" is an elongated, single-stranded RNA virus that causes a fatal disease. 4. Olağanustu acıklayıcı gucu olan bir modeli DNA'nın yapısı icin ilk onerenler James Watson ve Francis Crick olmustur. A) The next model for DNA's structure which was to prove so illuminating, was produced by James Watson and Francis Crick. B) James Watson and Francis Crick were the next to propose a model for DNA's structure and this was to prove immensely enlightening. C) It was James Watson and Francis Crick who first proposed a model for DNA's structure that had extraordinary explanatory power. D) James Watson and Francis Crick were the first to realize how great a breakthrough was entailed in a model for DNA's structure. E) A model for DNA's structure was indeed a remarkable breakthrough as James Watson and Francis Crick were the first to claim. 5. Proteinler, her molekul tipinin emsalsiz ozelliklere sahip olmasını sağlayan pek cok farklı bilesimlerdeki 20'den fazla değisik tur amino asitlerden olusmaktadır. A) Proteins are constituted of 20 or more different kinds of amino acids, in a variety of combinations, and this is effected by the distinct properties of the molecules. B) Proteins are made up of more than 20 different kinds of amino acids in many different combinations, allowing each type of molecule to have unique properties. C) As there are more than 20 different kinds of amino acids in a variety of combinations in the proteins, each type of molecule has unique properties. D) Though more than 20 different kinds of amino acids are present in proteins in different combinations, each type of molecule is distinct in itself. E) Since each kind of molecule has distinct properties, there are 20 or more different kinds of amino acids, in varying combinations, that make up the proteins.

2 6. Hicbir ilac firması yuz bin kiside bir kisiyi etkileyen bir hastalığın tedavisi icin ilaclara yuklu yatırım yapmaya istekli değildir A) One can't expect a pharmaceutical company to be willing to develop drugs for the treatment of a disease which affects only one in a hundred thousand people. B) No pharmaceutical company is willing to invest heavily in drugs for the treatment of a disease that affects only one in a hundred thousand people. C) Drugs to treat a disease that affects only one in a hundred thousand people are of no interest to any pharmaceutical company. D) There are no pharmaceutical companies that arc willing to invest heavily in the development of drugs to treat a condition that is present in one in every hundred thousand people. E) If the condition occurs in only one in a hundred thousand people, no pharmaceutical company is prepared to invest in the development of drugs to control it. 7. Son arastırmalar kolesterol dusurucu bazı ilacların aynı zamanda zihnin calısmasını gelistirebildiğini ve Alzheimer's onlemeye yardımcı olabileceğini gosteriyor. A) Recent research shows that in the management of Alzheimer's such cholesterol lowering drugs can be useful in preventing mental deterioration. B) It is clear from some recent research that various cholesterol-lowering drugs also asist mental functioning and help to prevent Alzheimer's. C) Several recent research projects suggest that these cholesterol-lowering drugs also aid mental functioning even in association with Alzheimer's. D) Recent research shows that certain cholesterol-lowering drugs are useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's to prevent mental deterioration. E) Recent research shows that some cholesterollowering drugs might also improve mental functioning and help to prevent Alzheimer's 'de yaklasık 4000 Londralı, akciğerlerinin ic yuzunu iltihaplandıran duman parcacıklarını ve asit karısımını solumaları sonucu bronsitten oldu. A) Nearly 4,000 Londoners died of bronchitis in 1952 because the air was a concoction of smoke particles and acid which inflamed the lining of their lungs. B) In 1952, about 4,000 Londoners died of bronchitis as a result of inhaling a concoction of smoke particles and acid which inflamed the lining of their lungs. C) In London, in 1952, the air was so polluted with smoke particles and add that there were 4,000 deaths from bronchitis resulting from inflammation of the lungs. D) Around 4,000 people died of bronchitis in London in 1952, because their lungs had been poisoned by a mixture of smoke particles and acid they were breathing in. E) he deaths of more than 4,000 Londoners from bronchitis, in 1952, were brought about by the inflammation of their lungs caused by the mixture of smoke particles and acid that they were breathing in. 9. Bir organizmanın calısması onun kendi hucrelerine bağlıdır; ancak her hucre, kendi bağımsız yasamını surdurur. A) The functioning of an organism depends on its own cells, yet each cell maintains its own independent life. B) Since the functioning of an organism is dependent on its own cells, each cell maintains its own independent life. C) Each cell manages to retain its independent existence though the functioning of an organism is dependent on its own cells. D) Every cell has its own independent existence, but the functioning of an organism requires the cooperation of all the individual cells. E) For an organism to function it requires the cooperation of each individual cell; nevertheless, these cells retain their own independent existence. 10. Nisasta ve glikojen, pek cok glikoz molekulunun birlesmesiyle olusan cok buyuk molekullerdir. A) When several glucose molecules are joined together, they form starch and glycogen molecules. B) The largest molecules are starch and glycogen which are formed from glucose molecules. C) When many glucose molecules come together, very large starch and glycogen molecules come into being. D) The larger starch and glycogen molecules are formed when glucose molecules come together. E) Starch and glycogen are very large molecules formed by the association of many glucose molecules.

3 11. Dikkatli olcumler, benzer tur hucrelerde DNA'nırı hem kimyasal yapısının hem de miktarının kusaktan kusağa aynı kaldığını gostermektedir. A) From generation to generation the chemical structure of the cells and the amount of DNA present in similar ones have been painstakingly measured and it has been established that no change takes place. B) Careful measurements have established the fact that both the chemical structure and the quantity of DNA in many of these cells remain unchanged from one generation to the next. C) Meticulous measurement techniques have been used to establish that the chemical structure of the cells and the amount of DNA in each remains unchanged from one generation to the next. D) Careful measurements have shown that both the chemical structure and the amount of DNA in similar kinds of cells remain the same from generation to generation. E) Meticulous measurements have been taken of the structure and the quantity of DNA in given cells, and it has been finally established that no change takes place from generation to generation. 12. Tek bir sperm yumurtaya girer girmez, ikinci bir spermin girmesini engelleyen iki tepki olusur. A) When a sperm gets into the egg, the entry of a second sperm should be prevented through two reactions. B) As soon as one sperm enters the egg, two reactions occur that prevent a second sperm from entering. C) Upon the entry of one sperm into the egg, two reactions take place so that the entry of a second sperm may be prevented. D) Just as a sperm enters an egg, two reactions usually ocur which aim at preventing a second sperm from entering. E) It is known that two reactions occur for the prevention of a second sperm s entry. 13. Cinko, cesitli metabolik sureclerde yer alan madensel enzimler dahil vucuttaki pek cok proteinin calısmasını destekler. A) Zinc supports the work of numerous proteins in the body, including the metalloenzymes, which are involved in a variety of metabolic processes. B) The work of proteins in various parts of the body is supported by zinc which also affects the metalloenzymes that are related to metabolic functions. C) The work of many proteins in the body and also the metalloenzymes supporting many different metabolic processes interact with zinc. D) Zinc supports not only the work of several proteins in the body but also the metalloenzymes which play a useful role in various metabolic actions. E) The work of all the proteins in the body as well as the metalloenzymes associated with many different metabolic actions, are supported by zinc. 14. Pek cok insan, egzersiz yapmanın daha cok yemelerine neden olacağını sanır, oysa bu, tumuyle doğru değildir. A) Most people are convinced that, should they exercise, they will eat more, but this is not true at all. B) Many people think that exercising will make them eat more, but this is not entirely true. C) A lot of people are of the opinion that, through exercising, they will start to eat much more even though this is not absolutely correct. D) A number of people claim that exercising will make them eat more although this is not the case. E) Several people imagine that too much exercising will lead to too much eating, but this is not quite correct. 15. Tiroid bezi islevini yerine getirmediği zaman, bazal metabolizma hızı yaklasık % 40 duser. A) Invariably, the basal metabolic rate falls to 40% as soon as thyroid function is reduced. B) When the thyroid gland does not carry out its function, the basal metabolic rate is reduced by about 40%. C) Since there is no thyroid function, the basal metabolic rate has dropped to a level of 40%. D) The reduction of the basal metabolic rate to a level of 40% is inevitable only if the thyroid ceases to function. E) A 40% reduction of the basal metabolic rate occurs when the thyroid s function is compromised.

4 16. Bebeklerin buyume ve gelismesinin, yedikleri yiyeceklerden etkilendiğini hepimiz biliyoruz. A) As far as we know, the kind of food babies eat has much influence on their growth and development. B) All of us know that the food babies eat can have some adverse effect on their growth and development. C) We are all aware of the fact that babies growth and development depend a great deal on the kinds of food they consume. D) We all know that the growth and development of babies are influenced by the food they eat. E) It is well known to us all that whatever food babies consume essentially affects their growth and development. 17. Coğu sindirim enzimi, yalnızca, sindirim kanalında yemek bulunduğu zaman uretilir. A) While food is passing through the digestive tract, a number of enzyme secretions take place. B) As soon as food enters the digestive tract, many digestive enzymes are produced. C) Most digestive enzymes are produced only when food is present in the digestive tract. D) Several kinds of enzymes are secreted into the digestive tract whenever there is food in it. E) Soon after food moves into the digestive tract, a large number of enzymes are secreted. 18. Sağlık Bakanlığınca uretim ruhsatı verilmedikce hicbir yeni ilac, receteyle veya recetesiz satılamaz. A) Unless there is a prescription for them, new drugs cannot be sold though they have received a production license from the Ministry of Health. B) Until the Ministry of Health grants a production license these new drugs cannot be sold even with a proscription. C) No new drug can be sold, with or without a prescription, unless it has been granted a production license by the Ministry of Health. D) No new drugs can go into production or be prescribed unless they receive a license from the Ministry of Health. E) With or without a prescription, new drugs cannot be sold until a production license has been approved by the Ministry of Health. 19. Omurga kesinlikle tek bir kemik olmayıp omur olarak bilinen kucuk kemiklerden olusur. A) The backbone is definitely not a single bone, but is made up of small bones known as vertebrae. B) The backbone is not a single bone at all, but a series of small bones and vertebrae. C) Though the backbone seems like a single bone it is not so; it is made up of a series of small bones called vertebrae. D) Actually the backbone is not a single bone but a series of small bones known collectively as vertebrae. E) The small bones that make up the complex backbone are collectively known as vertebrae. 20. Gecmiste kan zehirlenmesinin tedavisi hemen hemen olanaksızdı; ancak bugun, tedavi oranı yuzde doksanın uzerindedir. A) In the past, septicemia could not be effectively treated, but the rate of cure now has reached over ninety per cent. B) Formerly, septicemia was quite incurable, but nowadays almost ninety per cent of all cases are cured. C) Septicemia was, in the past, always regarded as fatal, but now the rate of cure is over ninety per cent. D) In the past, septicemia used to be almost incurable, but today the rate of cure is over ninety per cent. E) It was virtually impossible in the past to treat septicemia, but nowadays over ninety per cent of cases are curable. 21. Mikroplar vucuda girdiğinde, vucudun tum savunma mekanizmaları harekete gecirilir ve hızlandırılır. A) As soon as germs enter the body, a defense system is built up at great speed. B) When germs enter the body, all the body's defense mechanisms are mobilized and speeded up. C) The defense system of the body quickly goes into action whenever germs enter the body. D) The defense mechanism of the body is activated and speeded up to deal with entering germs. E) The body has a defense system which goes into action rapidly when germs enter.

5 22. Arastırmalar duzenli sut tuketiminin kemik sağlığını korumaya ve osteoporozu onlemeye yardım ettiğini gostermektedir. A) Studies have indicated that the drinking of milk habitually helps to strengthen bones and overcome osteoporosis. B) Studies have suggested that the consumption of milk at regular intervals helps to maintain healthy bones and cure osteoporosis. C) Studies have shown that, by consuming milk regularly, one can ensure bone health and avoid osteoporosis. D) Studies have proved that if the consumption of milk is habitual, it helps to protect bone health and prevent osteoporosis. E) Studies have shown that the regular consumption of milk helps to maintain bone health and prevent osteoporosis. 23. Beyin hucrelerinin duzenli isleyisi, diğer vucut sistemlerinin, ozellikle kan dolasımının, solunum sisteminin ve kandaki besin bilesimini duzenleyen sistemlerin duzgun calısmasına bağlıdır. A) To function correctly, the brain cells, in particular, require the proper functioning of the body's other systems including the blood circulation, the respiratory system and the systems regulating the nutrient composition of the blood. B) The proper functioning of the brain cells is dependent on the proper functioning of the other body systems, especially the blood circulation, the respiratory system and the systems regulating the nutrient composition of the blood. C) For the brain ceils to function properly, the other body systems such as blood circulation respiration and the systems regulating the nutrient composition of the blood, must all be working correctly. D) The brain cells can only function properly when the body's other systems are doing so; in this respect, blood circulation, respiration and the systems controlling the nutrients in the blood are especially important. E) The blood circulation, respiration and the system whereby the nutrient content of the blood is regulated must all be functioning effectively if the brain cells are to do so. 24. Mesane kontrolunu kaybetmis olan yaslılar cok su icmekten kacınabilirler. A) Elderly people who have lost bladder control may avoid drinking a lot of water. B) Old people lose bladder control and so are afraid of drinking a lot of water. C) The elderly may be reluctant to drink much water if they have lost control over the bladder. D) Older people may fear they will lose control of the bladder if they drink too much water. E) Loss of bladder control in the elderly is the result of drinking too much water. 25. Takma disler, iyi oturmus olsa bile, doğal disler kadar etkili değildir ve yetersiz ciğneme boğulmaya neden olabilir. A) False teeth, even well fitting ones, are never as efficient as real ones when it comes to chewing and there is thus a danger of choking. B) Even well fitting dentures are inefficient compared with natural teeth and inadequate chewing can result in choking. C) However well dentures may fit, they are less efficient than real teeth and result in poor chewing and consequently choking. D) Dentures, even when they fit properly, are not as efficient as natural teeth, and insufficient chewing can cause choking. E) Natural teeth are far more efficient than false ones, which, even if they do fit well, can lead to choking through inadequate chewing. 26. Kursun zehirlenmesinin yol actığı kansızlık, yanlıslıkla, basit bir demir eksikliği olarak algılanabilir ve bunun sonucu olarak yanlıs tedavi edilebilir. A) Lead poisoning can lead to an anemia, which is often wrongly diagnosed as mere iron deficiency, and accordingly incorrectly treated. B) The anemia, which is caused by lead poisoning, is often mistaken for mere iron deficiency, and hence incorrectly treated. C) The anemia caused by load poisoning may be mistaken for a simple iron deficiency and, as a result, may be incorrectly treated. D) The anemia that accompanies lead poisoning closely resembles a mere iron deficiency and frequently gets treated as such. E) Load poisoning can result in an anemia that is hardly distinguishable from a simple iron deficiency and gets treated as such.

6 27. Kusma pek cok değisik hastalığın bir semptomu olabilir veya ucak ve deniz yolculuğu gibi vucudun dengesini bozan durumlarda meydana gelebilir. A) Vomiting is a symptom of various different diseases and also a sign that the body's equilibrium has been upset as in air or sea travel. B) Many different diseases can cause vomiting but so can air and sea travel which upset the body's equilibrium. C) Vomiting occurs when the body's equilibrium is upset whether this is owing to various diseases or something like air or sea travel. D) Vomiting can be a symptom of many different diseases or may arise in situations that upset the body's equilibrium, such as air and sea travel. E) Vomiting is a sign that the body's equilibrium has been upset, as in air or sea travel, or it may be caused by a wide variety of diseases. 28. Glokomda, drenaj kanalının esnekliğini arttırmak, goz icindeki basınc yukselmesini engelleyebilir. A) Unless the draining canal retains its elasticity there will be a buildup of pressure in the eye in glaucoma. B) By increasing the elasticity of the draining canal in glaucoma one can reduce the pressure in the eye. C) In glaucoma, one has to prevent pressure from building up in the eye by increasing the elasticity of the draining canal. D) In order to stop a buildup of pressure in the eye in glaucoma, the draining canal has to be elastic. E) In glaucoma, increasing the elasticity of the draining canal can prevent the buildup of pressure in the eye. 29. Ameliyat sonrasında, hasta oksurduğu veya gulduğunde ya da sargıları değistirildiğinde artabilen, genellikle aralıklı bir ağrı vardır. A) Following surgery, there is often intermittent pain which may increase when the patient coughs or laughs or when the dressings are changed. B) Intermittent pain often occurs in the postoperation period, particularly when the patient laughs or coughs or when the dressings are being changed. C) Pain is quite common after surgery, particularly when the patient laughs or coughs, and when the dressings are being changed. D) A certain amount of pain is to be expected after surgery especially when the patient laughs or coughs or when the dressings are changed. E) In the post-operation period a certain amount of pain is to be expected when a patient laughs, coughs or has the dressings changed. 30. Arastırmacılar, kalbi ve kasları genclestirebilen bir bilesik gelistirmis olduklarını iddia etmektedirler. A) According to the researchers, the same compound can be used to rejuvenate heart and muscles. B) The research aims to develop a similar compound to rejuvenate the heart and muscles. C) Researchers claim to have developed a compound that might rejuvenate the heart and the muscles. D) Researchers have established the fact that the compound will rejuvenate the heart and the muscles. E) The research team has come up with a compound that might be able to rejuvenate heart and muscles. 31. Down sendromu, 45 yas ve üzeri annelerin çocuklarında, 19 yasın altındaki annelerin çocuklarındakinden 100 kez daha sık görülür. A) The likelihood of having offspring with Down syndrome is 100 times greater among women of 45 or older than it is among 19-year-olds. B) Once a woman reaches the age of 45 she is 100 times more likely to have a child with Down syndrome than she was before she was 19 years of age. C) After the age of 45, a woman is 100 times more likely to have an offspring with Down syndrome than she was before she reached the age of 19. D) Down syndrome appears 100 times more often in the offspring of mothers who are 45 years of aqe or older than in the offspring of mothers who are under 19 years of age. E) After a woman is 45 years old, the likelihood of her offspring having Down syndrome is 100 times greater than it is for a woman under Hala pek çok engelin asılması gerekse de, birtakım hastalıkların genetik tedavileri gelisme sürecindedir veya klinik uygulamalarla hastalar üzerinde denenmektedir. A) Though many difficulties still remain, gene therapies have been developed for a number of diseases and many more are being tested on patients in clinical trials. B) Gene therapies for several diseases are being developed or tested on patients in clinical trials, but many obstacles must still be overcome. C) Once these difficulties have been overcome, gone therapies for a number of diseases can be developed and even tested on patients in clinical trials. D) Gene therapies for a variety of diseases have been developed and are being tested on patients in clinical trials to find out what obstacles, if any, remain. E) Although many obstacles must still be overcome, gene therapies for a number of diseases are undergoing development or are being tested on patients in clinical trials.

7 33. Patates büyük miktarlarda ve düzenli olarak yendiği ülkelerde önemli bir C vitamini kaynağıdır, fakat bu Türkiye için doğru değildir. A) The potato is an important source of vitamin C in countries where it is eaten regularly and in large quantities, but this is not true for Turkey. B) Though the potato provides an adequate amount of vitamin C in countries where it is eaten frequently and in large amounts, this is not what happens in Turkey. C) In these countries, where people eat potatoes on a regular basis and in large amounts, they are an important source of vitamin C, but unfortunately this is not the case in Turkey. D) Only when potatoes are eaten regularly and in large quantities can one regard them as a good source of vitamin C, but not in Turkey. E) In Turkey, only a negligible amount of vitamin C comes from potatoes, but in countries where they are eaten on a regular basis and in large quantities the amount is significant. 34. Son on yıl içinde daha fazla sayıda psikiyatr, özellikle daha genç olanlar, sizofreninin tedavisinde psikoterapi kullandı. A) For ten years now, the younger psychiatrists in particular, have been using more psychotherapy in the treatment of schizophrenia. B) Over the past ten years more and more psychiatrists, including the younger ones, have begun to use psychotherapy in the treatment of schizophrenia. C) Within the past ten years a greater number of psychiatrists, especially the younger ones, have used psychotherapy in the treatment of schizophrenia. D) Over the past ten years more and more of the younger psychiatrists have made use of psychotherapy in the treatment of schizophrenia. E) For ton years, now, psychotherapy has been used effectively by an increasing number of psychiatrists, the younger ones in particular, in the treatment of schizophrenia. 36. Altın parçacıkları içeren virüsler, canlı hücrelerin içinde resim çekmek için minik kameralar olarak kullanılabilir. A) With the help of viruses containing gold particles that can be used as tiny cameras, it is possible to take photographs within living cells. B) As viruses contain gold particles, they have been employed as minute cameras and taken pictures of living cells. C) The presence of gold particles in viruses means they can be used as minute cameras to take photographs of the insides of living ceils. D) It is only the viruses that contain gold particles that can be employed as minute cameras to take photographs inside living ceils. E) Viruses containing gold particles could be employed as tiny cameras to take photographs within living cells. 37. Yıllarca, gelismis pek cok ulkede baslıca olum nedeni, genellikle kardiyovaskuler hastalıklar olarak bilinen kalp ve damar hastalıkları olmustur. A) Over the years, it has generally been known that among the major causes of death in most developed countries is cardiovascular disease, which refers to diseases of the heart and blood vessels. B) Generally, diseases of the heart and blood vessels, which for many years were known as cardiovascular disease, have been among the main causes of death in various developed countries. C) Cardiovascular disease, which as a whole includes the major diseases of the heart and blood vessels, has over the years been the usual cause of death in a number of developed countries. D) For years, the major cause of death in many developed countries has been diseases of the heart and blood vessels, generally known as cardiovascular disease. E) Numerous diseases of the heart and blood vessels, which are as a whole called cardiovascular disease, have for years been the most common cause of death in developed countries. 35. Yirminci yüzyılda insanlar, bilim adamlarının yaslanmayı arastırmasına olanak sağlayan bir ömür beklentisini nihayet elde ettiler. A) Prior to the twentieth century, life-expectancy was such that it didn't allow scientists to study aging. B) It is only in the twentieth century that scientists have begun to study aging and lifeexpectancy. C) The scientific study of aging and lifeexpectancy only began in the twentieth century. D) In the twentieth century, human beings have finally achieved a life-expectancy that permits scientists to study aging. E) Until the twentieth century the level of lifeexpectancy did not permit scientists to study aging,

8 38. Yiyeceklerdeki iyot miktarı değiskendir ve genellikle, bitkilerin yetistiği veya hayvanların uzerinde otladığı topraktaki miktarı yansıtır. A) The amount of iodine contained in foods varies significantly and depends on the amount in the soil, needed for the growth of plants or the grazing of animals. B) Foods contain various amounts of iodine, and these are usually related to the amount in the soil used for plant cultivation and animal grazing. C) The amount of iodine in foods is variable and generally reflects the amount in the soil in which plants are grown or on which animals graze. D) The soil in which plants are grown or on which animals graze usually contains the same amount of iodine as found in various foods. E) The amount of iodine which is contained in the soil used for the cultivation of plants or the grazing of animals is, on the whole, reflected by the amount of iodine in foods. 39. Mikroskop altında incelenmek uzere iğne ile alınmıs karaciğer dokusu orneği iceren karaciğer biyopsisi, vakaların yalnızca % 75 i kadarında tanıyı doğrular. A) A liver biopsy, which is carried out by the removal with a needle of a sample of liver tissue for microscopic examination, is indispensable for a reliable diagnosis in 75% of cases. B) About 75% of cases can be definitively diagnosed through a liver biopsy, which involves the removal by needle of a sample of liver tissue for examination under a microscope. C) The diagnosis of about 75% of cases can be confirmed through a liver biopsy, which is performed with the removal of a sample of liver tissue for microscopic examination. D) A liver biopsy, in which a sample of liver tissue is removed by needle for examination under a microscope, confirms the diagnosis in only about 75% of cases. E) In about 75% of cases, the diagnosis is confirmed by means of a liver biopsy, which is performed by removing with a needle a sample of liver tissue for examination. 40. Yoksul ulkelerdeki coğu insan, sıtma, AIDS, verem ile zengin ulkelerde daha az bilinen bircok hastalık cekmektedir; cunku, hukumetleri, ilac sirketlerinin istediği fiyatları karsılayamamaktadır. A) Malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and a number of other diseases not known in rich countries affect many people in poor countries, where the governments are reluctant to pay the prices companies demand for drugs. B) Most people in poor countries suffer from malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and many diseases lesser known in rich countries, since their governments cannot afford the prices drug companies want. C) Since malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and various other diseases little-known in rich countries are very common among the people of poor countries, the governments find it hard to pay the prices demanded by companies for drugs. D) While a growing number of people in poor countries suffer from malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and several other diseases unknown in rich countries, their governments refuse to pay the prices companies ask for their drugs. E) The governments in poor countries cannot afford to pay the prices companies want for their drugs, but more and more people are being affected by malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and other diseases that do not occur in rich countries. 41. İnsan vucudu, her biri, yasamı surdurmek icin gerekli olan bir islevi yerine getiren ayrı ayrı organ ve dokulardan olusmus son derece karmasık bir sistemdir. A) The human body is a highly complex system made up of separate organs and tissues, each performing a function essential to maintaining life. B) Since the human body consists of many different organs and tissues, each of which has a function essential for the maintenance of life, it is to be compared to an extremely complex system. C) The human body, which is an extremely complex system, is made up of innumerable organs and tissues which have separate functions essential for the maintenance of life. D) The presence of many different organs and tissues, each of which performs a function necessary for maintaining life, makes the human body a very complicated system. E) The human body is so complicated a system that each of the organs and tissues it consists of performs a function vital for maintaining life.

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Glossary 1. asthma: when the airways of the lungs narrow, making breathing difficult 2. bacteria: tiny living creatures that can only be seen with a microscope; some bacteria help the human body, and other

The Childhood Liver Disease Research Network strives to provide information and support to individuals and families affected by liver disease through its many research programs. BILE ACID SYNTHESIS AND

Cancer Treatment Moringa Oleifera for Cancer Prevention or Treatment As we learn more about cancer, we are empowered to use more of the tools which nature has created for us to help battle this terrible

Bile Duct Diseases and Problems Introduction A bile duct is a tube that carries bile between the liver and gallbladder and the intestine. Bile is a substance made by the liver that helps with digestion.

Topic 3.0 Healthy human function depends on a variety of interacting and reacting systems Organ Systems Organ systems must have the ability to to changes within and outside of your body to maintain life

Heroin Introduction Heroin is a powerful drug that affects the brain. People who use it can form a strong addiction. Addiction is when a drug user can t stop taking a drug, even when he or she wants to.

12.1 The Role of DNA in Heredity Only in the last 50 years have scientists understood the role of DNA in heredity. That understanding began with the discovery of DNA s structure. In 1952, Rosalind Franklin

Lung Cancer Know how to stay strong What is cancer? 2 Cancer is a disease when some cells in the body grow out of control Normal cells Your body has many tiny cells and keeps making new cells to keep you

Patient information from the BMJ Group Lung cancer (non-small-cell) It can be devastating to find out that you or someone close to you has lung cancer. You will have to make some important decisions about

Study Guide Cells Unit Test Matching. Write the letter of the correct response on the line. You may use the responses more than once. A. proteins B. simple carbohydrates C. complex carbohydrates D. lipids

Slide 1 Breast Cancer American Cancer Society Reviewed October 2015 Slide 2 What we ll be talking about How common is breast cancer? What is breast cancer? What causes it? What are the risk factors? Can

1 of 6 6/3/2014 10:15 AM Return to Web version Depression Overview What is depression? When doctors talk about depression, they mean the medical illness called major depression. Someone who has major depression

Markham Stouffville Hospital Adult Diabetes Education Frequently Asked Questions What is diabetes? Diabetes is a disease in which blood glucose levels are above normal. Most of the food we eat is turned

Methyl groups are essential for the body to function properly and must be obtained from the diet The need for methyl groups increases under stress Chapter 11 Betaine a new B vitamin Methyl groups reduce

Prostate Cancer Screening A Decision Guide for African Americans This booklet was developed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Published

Endocrine System: Practice Questions #1 1. Removing part of gland D would most likely result in A. a decrease in the secretions of other glands B. a decrease in the blood calcium level C. an increase in

Calcium Introduction Calcium is a mineral found in many foods. The body needs calcium to maintain strong bones and to carry out many important functions. Not having enough calcium can cause many health

Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and New Zealand Questions and Answers 1. What are Nutrient Reference Values? The Nutrient Reference Values outline the levels of intake of essential nutrients considered,

MEDICATION GUIDE (ak-tō-plus-met) (pioglitazone hydrochloride and metformin hydrochloride) tablets Read this Medication Guide carefully before you start taking and each time you get a refill. There may

RADIATION THERAPY FOR Facts to Help Patients Make an Informed Decision TARGETING CANCER CARE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR RADIATION ONCOLOGY FACTS ABOUT The lymphatic system is a network of tiny vessels extending

What is Cancer? Normal Growth The human body is made up of many millions of tiny building blocks called cells. Each organ of the body (eg. brain, liver, muscle) contains its own special types of cells,

X-Plain Pneumonia Reference Summary Introduction Pneumonia is an inflammation and infection of the lungs. Every year, more than 60,000 Americans die of pneumonia. It can affect anybody, but is more dangerous

Digestive System The digestive system is made up of the digestive tract a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus and other organs that help the body break down

Digestive System Lecture 5 Winter 2014 This lecture tells the story of the Flow of Matter from Food to Cells. The pictures are only there to help you visualize structures don t worry about names of structures

MANAGING ANEMIA When You Have Kidney Disease or Kidney Failure www.kidney.org About the Information in this Booklet Did you know that the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) offers guidelines and commentaries

Exploring the Role of Vitamins in Achieving a Healthy Heart There are many avenues you can take to keep your heart healthy. The first step you should take is to have a medical professional evaluate the

Topic 4: Digestion and Nutrition THE CONTENTS OF FOOD Food contains nutrients: Nutrients include: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Nutrients must be small enough to enter our cells. If they are too large they must be digested

CHAPTER 2: UNDERSTANDING CANCER INTRODUCTION We are witnessing an era of great discovery in the field of cancer research. New insights into the causes and development of cancer are emerging. These discoveries

SCRIPT NUMBER 93 HIGH CHOLESTEROL (ONE SPEAKER) PROGRAM NAME: HEALTH NUGGETS PROGRAM TITLE: HIGH CHOLESTEROL PROGRAM NUMBER: 93 SUBJECT: SOURCES, COMPLICATIONS, TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF HIGH CHOLESTEROL

Treating Chronic Hepatitis C A Review of the Research for Adults Is This Information Right for Me? Yes, this information is right for you if: Your doctor* has told you that you have chronic hepatitis C.

X-Plain Hypoglycemia Reference Summary Introduction Hypoglycemia is a condition that causes blood sugar level to drop dangerously low. It mostly shows up in diabetic patients who take insulin. When recognized

The Liver and Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (Alpha-1) 1 ALPHA-1 FOUNDATION What Is Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency? Alpha-1 is a condition that may result in serious lung disease in adults and/or liver

What Alcohol Does to the Body Chapter 25 Lesson 2 Short-Term Effects of Drinking The short-term term effects of alcohol on the body depend on several factors including: amount of alcohol consumed, gender,

12.1 What are animals and plants built from? All living things are made up of cells. The structures of different types of cells are related to their functions. to relate the structure of different types

Blood and Bone Marrow Basics Introduction Blood helps distribute the nutrients, oxygen, and hormones the body needs. It also carries toxins and waste materials to the liver and kidneys to be removed from

Cancer Genomics: What Does It Mean for You? The Connection Between Cancer and DNA One person dies from cancer each minute in the United States. That s 1,500 deaths each day. As the population ages, this

Chocolate Milk is the Ultimate Recovery Aid For Exhausted Muscles Chocolate milk is the ultimate recovery aid for exhausted muscles. It is chalked full of nutrients that help build up the muscles and prevent

Differentiation = Making specialized cells What is a stem cell? Screws: JM www.logodesignweb.com/stockphoto Differentiation = Making specialized cells What is a stem cell? What the photo shows A lump of

MEDICATION GUIDE PROCRIT (PROKRIT) (epoetin alfa) Read this Medication Guide: before you start PROCRIT. if you are told by your healthcare provider that there is new information about PROCRIT. if you are

Urea cycle disorders and organic acidurias For younger people www.e-imd.org What is a Urea cycle disorder/organic aciduria? The food we eat gets broken down by the body with the help of thousands of chemical

Wilson Disease National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse U.S. Department of Health and Human Services NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH What is Wilson disease? Wilson disease is a genetic disorder

The Background for the Diabetes Detection Model James K. Peterson Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Mathematical Sciences Clemson University November 23, 2014 Outline The Background for

Thymus Cancer Introduction Thymus cancer is a rare cancer. It starts in the small organ that lies in the upper chest under the breastbone. The thymus makes white blood cells that protect the body against

Whooping Cough Introduction Whooping cough is a serious bacterial infection of the lungs and breathing tubes. It is also called pertussis. About 16 million cases of whooping cough happen worldwide each

Multiple Myeloma Introduction Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects white blood cells. Each year, thousands of people find out that they have multiple myeloma. This reference summary will help

Kidney Disease WHAT IS KIDNEY DISEASE? Kidney disease is when your kidneys are damaged and not functioning as they should. When kidney disease is not going away it is called chronic kidney disease or CKD.

Cocaine Introduction Cocaine is a powerful drug that stimulates the brain. People who use it can form a strong addiction. Addiction is when a drug user can t stop taking a drug, even when he or she wants

Genetic material of all living organisms. Biology - 100 This antibiotic is made from a fungus that was first discovered growing on an orange and it became the first antibiotic to treat infection. Biology

James Whale Fund for Kidney Cancer Childhood kidney cancer factsheet Kidney cancer rarely afflicts children and about 90 paediatric cases are diagnosed in the UK each year. About 75% of childhood kidney

ARTICLE #1 PLEASE RETURN AT THE END OF THE HOUR Alcoholism By Mayo Clinic staff Original Article: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/alcoholism/ds00340 Definition Alcoholism is a chronic and often progressive

Q.1 If you were diagnosed with cancer today, what would your chances of survival be? Ongoing medical research from the last two decades has seen the cancer survival rate increase by more than 40%. However

Rediscover What It Means to Be Full of Life Vitality for Life supplements with patented Oligo Oligo U.S. Patent No. 8,273,393 Reinventing the Multivitamin Our modern diets have the majority of us gorging

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High Blood pressure and chronic kidney disease For People with CKD Stages 1 4 www.kidney.org National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative Did you know that the National Kidney

Web Quest Abstract Students explore the Using Family History to Improve Your Health module on the Genetic Science Learning Center website to complete a web quest. Learning Objectives Chronic diseases such

The Natural Progression of Hepatitis C The natural history of hepatitis C looks at the likely outcomes for people infected with the virus if there is no medical intervention. However, the process of trying

A Guide for Retailers The Benefits of Eating Fish Introduction The word superfood has been used to describe all kinds of foods in recent years, but no food is more deserving of the title than fish. A superfood

X-Plain Pediatric Tuberculosis Reference Summary Introduction Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infection that causes more deaths in the world than any other infectious disease. When a child gets TB,

Turner Syndrome Introduction Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects a girl's development. Girls who have it are short, and most are infertile. Girls and women with Turner syndrome are at risk

Iowa Governor s Office of Drug Control Policy medicines or take them in a manner not prescribed, we increase the risk of negative effects. It is estimated that over 35 million Americans are ages 65 and

NUTRIENTS: THEIR INTERACTIONS TEACHER S GUIDE INTRODUCTION This Teacher s Guide provides information to help you get the most out of Nutrients: Their Interactions. The contents in this guide will allow