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Wildflower Seeds - Midwest Region

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These daisies originate in the African region of Namaqualand, as well as the country of Namibia. As soon as the spring rains come, these bright daisies begin blooming; they always face the sun, and will close in cloudy weather or at sunset. Because moisture in these regions can be erratic, this plant must adapt to drought conditions. The genus name "Dimorpotheca" comes from the Greek words for "two shaped fruit," referring to the plant's unique ability to produce two types of seed.

The common name "nasturtium" comes from the Latin words for "nose-twister," a humorous way of describing a common reaction the taste of the edible leaves. The entire plant has a history of being used for culinary purposes, since even the seeds can be pickled and make an acceptable substitute for capers. Though the first known botanical description of this species comes from the notes of Spanish botanist Nicolas Monardes, Carl Linnaeus gave the genus its name. He called it "Tropaeolum" in reference to an ancient Roman "tropaeum," a pole on which the bloody armor and shields of the defeated enemy were hung; the plant's bright blossoms reminded him of helmets, while the circular leaves looked similar to shields.

The common name "nasturtium" comes from the Latin words for "nose-twister," a humorous way of describing a common reaction the taste of the edible leaves. The entire plant has a history of being used for culinary purposes, since even the seeds can be pickled and make an acceptable substitute for capers. Though the first known botanical description of this species comes from the notes of Spanish botanist Nicolas Monardes, Carl Linnaeus gave the genus its name. He called it "Tropaeolum" in reference to an ancient Roman "tropaeum," a pole on which the bloody armor and shields of the defeated enemy were hung; the plant's bright blossoms reminded him of helmets, while the circular leaves looked similar to shields.

The noted American botanist and horticultural expert Luther Burbank introduced this popular flower in 1901, a product of more than 15 years of selection and breeding. He named this stunning little flower after California's Mt. Shasta, a snow-capped mountain. The poet Chaucer was the first to give this family of flowers the name "day's eye," because of their habit of opening in the morning and closing at night. A common saying of the era stated, "When you can put your foot on seven daisies, summer is come." In the language of flowers, daisies symbolize innocence, simplicity, and modesty.

Originally from the Mediterranean region, this species comes from a large family of herb-like plants. The genus name "Teucrium" most likely refers to Teucher, an ancient leader of Troy who may have used the plants of this genus for medicinal purposes. The species name "canadensis" points out the fact that although the common name refers to America, this plant also flourishes in Canada.

Herbalists use this member of the mint family for culinary purposes, since the leaves make an excellent tea and the flowers are also edible. Native to the north central United States, anise hyssop is a traditional medicinal plant of the Native Americans; its leaves have antibacterial benefits that treat colds, coughs, or poor digestion. Because of the subtle anise flavor it gives honey, anise hyssop became popular with colonists for planting near bee hives.

This dainty flower has become well-known for its role in the florists' industry as a filler in bouquets. Originally it grew as a wildflower across much of Europe and Asia, and was introduced to the States in the late 19th century as a popular addition to flower gardens. The genus name "Gypsophila" means "lover of chalk," referring to the type of light, alkaline soil that this plant prefers.

This wildflower can be found growing throughout the American southwest; it is especially widespread in California, its native state. The name Lupine comes from the Latin "lupus," meaning wolf. This refers to the folk belief that this plant took nutrients from the soil. Ironically, this plant actually improves the soil because of its nitrogen fixing abilities.

Sunflowers were named for their habit of turning their faces to the sun. At the beginning of their development they exhibit heliotropism, or following the sun in its course from east to west, though the mature blossoms usually end up facing straight east. These versatile plants have an ancient history, beginning with Native American tribes across North America as early as 2000 BC. The seeds were used for their oil, ground up for meal, or simply eaten as a snack; the plant also provided dye and medicinal ointment. In 18th century Europe, sunflowers were widely used both in gardens and for making cooking oil; the production of this heart-healthy oil eventually became a major industry both in Europe and America. These are said to be the happiest of flowers, and in the language of flowers they symbolize loyalty and constancy.

In spite of its name, no part of this plant causes sneezing; this name comes from the historical use of the leaves as a substitute for snuff. In former times, people often used snuff to induce sneezing in the belief that it would purge the body of evil. Linnaeus gave this family of plants the genus name "Helenium" in honor of Helen of Troy, remembering the myth that her tears produced a similar plant on the island of Pharos. Autumn Sneezeweed was known in Europe by 1729, and soon became a beloved addition to perennial gardens.

A versatile plant, native sage has had medicinal, ornamental, and culinary uses for generations. The first botanical classification of this family of plants can be found in 19th century British botanist George Bentham's influential work Genera Plantarum. The genus name "Salvia" comes from the Latin "salvere" meaning "to heal," referring to the plant's medicinal benefits.

Early spring brings this baby-blue flower to the foothills and and grasslands of the western coasts of the United States. The genus name "Nemophilia" comes from the Latin words for "woodland loving." The species name "menziesii" honors Archibald Menzies, the appointed naturalist of several extended voyages in the late 18th century. Menzies brought back a number of new species, including this wildflower.

These poppies have a habit of opening and closing with the sun, appropriate for their native Golden State. The first member of the California poppy genus was identified in 1816 by German botanist Adelbert von Chamisso on an exploratory voyage to California and the Pacific Northwest. Chamisso named this genus "Eschscholzia" after a fellow botanist, Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, who accompanied him on the journey. Nearly a dozen species of poppy grow wild in the western United States.

This old-fashioned flower has a long history as both an ornamental garden plant and as an herb. When dried, the petals of Calendula flowers provide a culinary substitute for saffron; in times past, they were used to give a rich color to cheese or butter. Medicinal uses included treatments for measles and smallpox, as well as for dressing wounds on the battlefield. As well as being the traditional flower for October birthdays, calendula symbolizes sorrow and sympathy.

Basket of Gold, a type of creeping alyssum, is native to sunny areas of central and southern Europe, especially the Mediterranean region. Though described by Linnaeus in 1753, it can be traced to earlier times. In medieval folk medicine, this flower was called "madwort" because of the belief that it would cure insanity and rabies. Legend has it that wearing a sprig of this flower will dispel anger from others. Because of its low, cascading growth and preference for dry and rocky ground, Basket of Gold makes a popular choice for rock gardens, paths, or dry slopes. This plant received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Basketflower Seeds

Centaurea americana

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XL Mylar Packet (~2000 Seeds)

$2.50

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1/4 Oz Mylar (7.09g)

$4.80

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1 Oz Mylar (28.4g)

$5.40

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This American relative of bachelor's button or cornflower grows wild in the south-central region of the United States as well as in Mexico. Its common name is derived from the basket-like base of each blossom that holds the delicate petals. The genus name "Centaurea" comes from Greek mythology, as according to legend, one of the centaurs used this flower for healing purposes after battle.

A hardy plant, Beach Wormwood thrives in sand dunes, beaches, and dry prairie soil. Its genus name, "Artemisia," comes from the Greek legend of Artemis, who so appreciated the virtues of this family of plants that she endowed it with her own name. Native Americans have made extensive use of the entire plant, using it for medicinal purposes ranging from the common cold to tuberculosis. The leaves are thought to contain a small amount of the substance known as thujone, which has healing properties when applied topically. The foliage of this plant also provides fodder for small animals and birds.

Despite its name, this plant actually originates in the Middle Eastern countries of Syria, Turkey, and Iraq. At one time, a common belief that the plant came from the Molucca Islands resulted in their classification under the genus name "moluccella." The plant's bright green color probably explains their Irish common name. This plant also symbolizes good luck in the language of flowers.

This desert wildflower was named in honor of Jacob Bigelow, a noted professor of botany at Harvard University in the early nineteenth century. The genus name "Machaeranthera" comes from the Latin words for "sword" and "anther," referring to the shape of this flower's reproductive structures. These blossoms provide valuable nectar for Field Crescentspot butterflies, which can be found in the mountains of the west.

According to traditional lore, poet John Keats first called these fragrant country flowers "sweet peas." It has also been called the queen of annuals and is the quintessential old fashioned English flower. Though accounts of this flower's origins differ, most historians agree that a Franciscan monk named Francisco Cupani found it growing when visiting the island of Sicily. In 1699, he sent the seeds of the plant to a botanist in Amsterdam, Dr. Casper Commelin, who published the first recorded description and illustration of sweet peas in 1701. Dr. Leonard Plukenet, the Royal Professor of Botany and gardener of Queen Mary, also recorded obtaining a specimen of sweet pea in the early 18th century.

The Gilia genus contains mostly desert-loving plants, native to the area stretching from the western United States to South America. Spanish botanists Hipolito Ruiz and Jose Antonio Pavon found the first known Gilia species on their expedition to South America, later detailing it among other species in a 1794 publication of their research from Peru and Chile. They gave this family of flowers the name Gilia in honor of Filippo Luigi Gilii (1756-1821), an Italian naturalist whom they greatly admired for his research in South American native plant life at the Vatican Observatory.

This nitrogen fixing legume is best known for its incredible adaptability to almost any soil type. It makes excellent forage for livestock, and is often grown and harvested for hay. It originally comes from the grasslands of Northern Africa and the Mediterranean region. The genus name "Lotus" means "elegant," while the species name corniculatus means "horned capsule," referring to the distinctive seed pod.

Sometimes mistaken for Queen Anne's Lace, this lovely annual look-alike grows somewhat larger with neater, more delicate growth. Commercial producers of cut flowers appreciate these blooms for their long-lasting beauty both in fresh and dried arrangements. Bishop's Flower originates in the Mediterranean region, giving it an excellent resistance to heat and drought conditions. The seed, which tastes similar to thyme, makes a popular spice in Indian cuisine. Around 2000 BC, Egyptian herbalists began using this plant to treat skin diseases such as leukoderma, vitiligo, and psoriasis; the seed was also prescribed for heart conditions.

Legend has it that the name of this flower comes from popular poem "Black-Eyed Susan" by 19th century poet John Gay. In the poem, pretty Susan loved a sailor boy named William. Interestingly, this flower and Wild Sweet William always bloom at the same time. The genus name "Rudbeckia" honors a family of renowned scientists and professors, the Rudbecks of Sweden, who taught Carl Linnaeus at the University of Uppsula. The species name "amplexicaulis" means "stem-clasping," in reference to the growth of the leaves.

Originally native to areas of southern and eastern Africa, this stunning vine has since naturalized to many other areas of the world. The genus name "Thunbergia" honors Carl Peter Thunberg, an 18th century Swedish botanist who did extensive botanical research and exploration at the Cape of Good Hope. The species name "alatus" means "winged," referring to the shape of the leaves.

Meriwether Lewis collected the first specimen of this wildflower on July 7, 1806. His research of this and other native species was completed by botanist Frederick Traugott Pursch in 1813, who completed a catalogue of the species discovered on the famous expedition. The genus name "Gaillardia" honors an 18th century French botanist named Gaillard de Charentonneau. The common name Blanket Flower seems to come from the similarity of the brightly colored blossoms to Native American weaving.

This desert native is sometimes called Evening Star, since it blooms through the night and closes with the morning sun. The genus name "Mentzelia" refers to 17th century German botanist Christian Mentzel. The species name "lindleyi" honors 19th century English botanist John Lindley, who published many influential botanical works.

In 1753, eminent botanist Carl Linnaeus gave Blood Flower its Latin genus name, "Asclepias." Asclepias, the name of the legendary Greek deity of medicine and healing, is especially appropriate since this plant formerly had numerous medicinal uses. At one time, the silk from the seed pods was spun for fabric or used for stuffing pillows; in World War II, school children gathered the silk to provide a cheap filling for soldiers' life jackets. Commercial attempts to make use of this abundant plant included the manufacture of paper, fabric, lubricant, fuel, and rubber; eventually these became impractical and were abandoned. In the wild, Blood Flower attracts flocks of butterflies and their larvae; butterflies are immune to the plant's poison, and actually become rather poisonous themselves as protection from predators.

Blue Eyed Mary Seeds

Collinsia grandiflora

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XL Mylar Packet (~1000 Seeds)

$2.50

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1/4 Oz Mylar (7.09g)

$4.80

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1 Oz Mylar (28.4g)

$7.20

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This bright little flower can only be found growing wild in the mountains and valleys west of the Cascade Mountains, as well as along the mighty Columbia River. It tends to spring up in dry prairies, rocky areas, or at the borders of woodland areas. The genus name, Collinsia, honors Philadelphia botanist Zaccheus Collins (1764-1831). One fan of this flower, American author and amateur botanist Gene Stratton Porter, wrote an entire poem dedicated to the beauties of the "sweet, laughing, blue-eyed-mary" that "lifts the loveliest face I've seen."

Because of the valuable fibers that can be harvested from the stems, this European native once played an important role in the production of linen fabric, ropes, and nets. Though it is no longer used for this purpose, it has become a well loved wildflower for its hardiness and perfect sky-blue color.

Blue Pimpernel flowers show off with one of the brightest, truest blues in nature. These eye catching plants originally grew wild along the rocky slopes and sand dunes of the Mediterranean coast, even establishing themselves in fissures of seaside cliffs. Linnaeus gave this flower the botanical name "Monelli" to honor French horticultural expert Jean Monelle, who introduced this plant to his native land. Because of this flower's habit of closing at dusk and before stormy weather, it has also been called Poor Man's Barometer. The blue blossoms also remain closed in cloudy weather, opening only to the the sun. Blue Pimpernel received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

This blue beauty grows on the meadows and cliffs of Colorado's Rocky Mountains, and was adopted as its official state flower in 1899 after winning the vote of the state's school children. Edwin James, a botanist for the one of the first climbing expeditions to Pike's Peak, first discovered and described this alpine flower in 1820; it grows at an altitude range of 10,000-13,000 feet, establishing itself on rocky slopes or cliffs. Since this species has become increasingly rare in the wild, Colorado law asks its citizens to protect the flower's growth. The name "columbine" is derived from the Latin "columba," or dove, since an upside down bloom looks like a circle of doves around a fountain. The Latin genus name "Aquilegia" means "eagle," since the spikes on the back of the flower look like an eagle's talons.

A versatile plant, native sage has had medicinal, ornamental, and culinary uses for generations. The first botanical classification of this family of plants can be found in 19th century British botanist George Bentham's influential work Genera Plantarum. The genus name "Salvia" comes from the Latin "salvere" meaning "to heal," referring to the plant's medicinal benefits.

Morning glory flowers open with the morning sun and close when it sets. Though each flower only lasts for one day, their abundance and beauty have made them a garden favorite for centuries. Early Japanese and Chinese cultures especially valued this plant for its aesthetic and medicinal qualities. According to historical research, ancient peoples of Mexico and South America also used the sticky liquid of the morning glory vines as a crucial ingredient in the production of latex.

The plants in this genus have been valued for generations as hardy, ornamental butterfly attractions. They have a long history of use as a medicinal remedy, as well as being dried for herbal tea. Ancient legends associate this plant with supernatural power, even telling the story that a plant of this genus was used to prepare the body of Jesus for burial. The species name "hastata" comes from the Latin words for "spear-shaped," referring to the shape of the leaves.

This old-fashioned flower has a long history as both an ornamental garden plant and as an herb. When dried, the petals of Calendula flowers provide a culinary substitute for saffron; in times past, they were used to give a rich color to cheese or butter. Medicinal uses included treatments for measles and smallpox, as well as for dressing wounds on the battlefield. As well as being the traditional flower for October birthdays, calendula symbolizes sorrow and sympathy.

Because of their Mexican heritage, these bright annuals meet high heat and drought conditions with native beauty and vigor. Spanish conquistadors searching for gold discovered these flowers on their journeys through Mexico. Mission gardens often included these flowers, which priests gave the name "cosmos," the Greek word for a harmonious whole, because of their neatly spaced petals. Cosmos flowers made their way to England with Spanish ambassadors in the late 18th century, and to the United States in the following century.

Butterfly Weed, one of the most striking of native plants, lights up the prairies with its blazing orange flowers. It thrives in rocky or sandy soil, typically in open fields or along roadsides. One of its common names, pleurisy root, refers to an old remedy for lung ailments that contained this plant. At one time, the silk from this plant's seed pods was spun for fabric or used for stuffing pillows; in World War II, school children gathered the silk to provide a cheap filling for soldiers' life jackets. Commercial attempts to make use of this abundant plant included the manufacture of paper, fabric, lubricant, fuel, and rubber; eventually these became impractical and were abandoned. Though this plant is toxic to most animals, butterflies are immune to the plant's poison and actually become rather poisonous themselves as protection from predators.

This native wildflower occurs naturally in the deserts of California and Arizona. Desert gardeners appreciate this plant for its hardiness and stunning blooms. The genus name "Phacelia" comes from the Greek word for "cluster," referring to the plant's growth habit. The species name "campanularia" refers to the plant's resemblance to the "campanulaceae" or bellflower plant family.

The first botanical records of this plant come from the notes of Spanish botanists Mocino and Sesse, who discovered the species growing in the wilds of southern Mexico in 1789. The common name "zinnia" honors German botanist and professor Johann Gottfried Zinn, who was among the first to grow this species after it was discovered. Zinnias signify thoughts of an absent friend in the Victorian language of flowers.

This old fashioned cousin of the garden impatiens originates in the southeastern regions of Asia. Its genus name Impatiens comes from its "impatient" habit of exploding its seeds from their pods at the slightest touch. Dr. John Kirk, chief medical officer and expert botanist on numerous exploratory journeys led by Dr. Livingston, introduced this plant to his homeland. Victorian gardeners often included it in their flowerbeds, but the appearance of more showy hybrid varieties soon overshadowed the modest beauty of this species.

Native to the prairies of Canada and the United States, this flower naturally grows in moist wooded areas, ditches, seasonally wet areas and meadows. Also known as windflower, Canada anemone comes from an ancient Greek word meaning "wind." Greek legend states that the first anemones grew from the tears of Venus, who wept for her lost love; in the language of flowers, anemones indicate anticipation or fading hope. In medieval times, anemones were considered a powerful protection against fever and disease; people often wore or carried the blossoms because of this belief. Since the roots of this plant contain a powerful natural antiseptic, at one time they provided a valuable medicine for Native Americans.

This member of the nitrogen-fixing legume family can be found in a wide range of habitats, from dry prairies to marshy ground and riverbanks. In the wild, its growth has been decreasing and it has been placed on the threatened list in several states. Because of its hardy growth and adaptability, this plant makes a good choice for erosion control or prairie restoration.Though the entire plant can be toxic to humans, cattle and deer sometimes eat the foliage while the abundant seeds provide winter food for songbirds.

The first botanical records of this plant come from the notes of Spanish botanists Mocino and Sesse, who discovered the species growing in the wilds of southern Mexico in 1789. The common name "zinnia" honors German botanist and professor Johann Gottfried Zinn, who was among the first to grow this species after it was discovered. Zinnias signify thoughts of an absent friend in the Victorian language of flowers.

Because of their Mexican heritage, these bright annuals meet high heat and drought conditions with native beauty and vigor. Spanish conquistadors searching for gold discovered these flowers on their journeys through Mexico. Mission gardens often included these flowers, which priests gave the name "cosmos," the Greek word for a harmonious whole, because of their neatly spaced petals. Cosmos flowers made their way to England with Spanish ambassadors in the late 18th century, and to the United States in the following century.

Though wild colonies of this plant have been decreasing due to various environmental factors, it still enjoys extreme popularity in cottage gardens. Originally, this plant came from southern Africa; about 60 related species can still be found thriving in the wilds of that country. The genus name "Nemesia" comes from the Greek name for an herb look-alike, while the species name "strumosa" means "cushion-like swellings," referring to the unusual shape of the blossoms.

The brilliant color of this flower earned it its common name, which refers to the traditional red vestments of cardinals. Historical records show that explorers first encountered this native plant near a river in Canada, and sent it back to Europe for classification. The genus name Lobelia honors Flemish botanist Mathias de Lobel. This flower received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

These poppies have a habit of opening and closing with the sun, appropriate for their native Golden State. The first member of the California poppy genus was identified in 1816 by German botanist Adelbert von Chamisso on an exploratory voyage to California and the Pacific Northwest. Chamisso named this genus "Eschscholzia" after a fellow botanist, Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, who accompanied him on the journey. Nearly a dozen species of poppy grow wild in the western United States.

This attractive member of the mustard family originally came from the rocky coasts of the Mediterranean region. The common name Alyssum comes from a Greek word meaning "rabies," referring to the ancient belief that this plant had the ability to treat this disease. The genus name Lobelia honors the renowned Flemish botanist Mathias de Lobel.

The first botanical records of this plant come from the notes of Spanish botanists Mocino and Sesse, who discovered the species growing in the wilds of southern Mexico in 1789. The common name "zinnia" honors German botanist and professor Johann Gottfried Zinn, who was among the first to grow this species after it was discovered. Zinnias signify thoughts of an absent friend in the Victorian language of flowers.

Chicory has been in cultivation since the days of ancient Egypt. The oldest publication about herbs in existence, authored by Greek physician Dioscorides, includes information about chicory. Horticulture enthusiast and president Thomas Jefferson planted chicory in his gardens, recommending it in a letter to his friend George Washington as "one of the greatest acquisitions a farmer can have." Chicory's most well known culinary use is the use of the root as a coffee substitute or additive, since it has a soothing and relaxing effect that balances out the stimulation of coffee. Fresh leaves of specialty varieties of chicory such as radicchio and endive make wonderful salad greens, and even the leaves of wild chicory make an acceptable substitute for spinach. As a wildflower, this plant springs up everywhere with its bright blue dandelion-like flowers that open and close with the sun.

This Asian wildflower has slightly larger flowers and rougher foliage than its more well-known European counterpart. The genus name "Cynoglossum," meaning "hound's tongue," is derived from the resemblance of the coarse leaves to a dog's tongue. The Chinese Forget-Me-Not won the prestigious All-American Selections Award in 1939, and has been a garden favorite ever since.

This stunning flower grows wild throughout much of western North America, most often springing up in open woodland areas or pine forests. The genus name, Collinsia, honors Philadelphia botanist Zaccheus Collins (1764-1831). This species was first classified in 1835 as Collinsia bicolor by Englishman George Bentham, one of the 19th century's foremost botanical experts. Chinese Houses supply nectar for many butterflies, as well as being a larval host for the Checkerspot butterfly.

Greek botanist Theophrastus gave these flowers the genus name Dianthus, which means "divine flower." The common name of "pink" comes from the Old English word "pynken," meaning to cut or notch, in reference to the distinctive jagged edges of the petals. Actually, this family of flowers brought about the use of the word "pink" to describe a color. Thomas Jefferson once grew these lovely flowers at his Monticello estate, having received seed from Philadelphia resident and gardener Bernard McMahon in 1807.

This plant's genus name, "Clarkia," was given in recognition of Captain William Clark of the historic Lewis & Clark Expedition. Another old fashioned name for this flower, Godetia, honors a Swiss botanist by the name of Charles H. Godet (1797-1879). In the wild this eye-catching flower occurs only in the state of California, preferring woodland areas.

Though similar to the common black-eyed susan, this native plant is set apart by its "clasping" leaves. The genus name "Rudbeckia" honors a family of renowned scientists and professors, the Rudbecks of Sweden, who taught Carl Linnaeus at the University of Uppsula. The species name "amplexicaulis" means "stem-clasping," in reference to the growth of the leaves.

The first botanical records of this plant come from the notes of Spanish botanists Mocino and Sesse, who discovered the species growing in the wilds of southern Mexico in 1789. The common name "zinnia" honors German botanist and professor Johann Gottfried Zinn, who was among the first to grow this species after it was discovered. Zinnias signify thoughts of an absent friend in the Victorian language of flowers.

Historians believe that this flower originally came from Mexico and Central America. It earned its common name by opening late in the day, though in some regions the blooms tend to open at other times. Botanist Nicolas-Charles Seringe gave this plant its species name "lamarckiana," in honor of noted French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. Hugo de Vries, a Dutch expert in genetics, later made this plant a long term subject of investigation because of its seemingly unusual mutations. By using his experiments with this primrose as the evidence supporting his thesis, Dr. de Vries hoped to disprove Darwin's famous theory of natural selection over extended periods of time.

This native violet originally grew on the mountain slopes of the Mediterranean region. Its large blooms resemble the garden pansy, and its hardy growth makes it just as easy to grow. Because it eventually forms a natural colony, it makes a very attractive ground cover. The species name "corsica" refers to Corsica, an island in the Mediterranean Sea where species grows in the wild.

Greek botanist Theophrastus gave these flowers the genus name Dianthus, which means "divine flower." The common name of "pink" comes from the Old English word "pynken," meaning to cut or notch, in reference to the distinctive jagged edges of the petals. Actually, this family of flowers brought about the use of the word "pink" to describe a color.

Though native to Mexico and Central America, these flowers spread to North Africa with explorers and became popular in that area. Because of their beauty and their purifying effect, these blossoms are often kept in the households and temples of South Asia. Gardeners use this species as a companion plant in vegetable gardens, since it prevents disease and harmful pests. The genus name "Tagetes" comes from Tages, an ancient deity who sprung up from the ground.

This low-growing daisy has been cultivated in the Mediterranean region for centuries. In 1753 the famous botanist Carl Linnaeus gave this flower its genus name, derived from Greek words meaning "golden flower." The poet Chaucer was the first to give this family of flowers the common name "day's eye," because of their habit of opening in the morning and closing at night. A common saying of the era stated, "When you can put your foot on seven daisies, summer is come." In the language of flowers, daisies symbolize innocence, simplicity, and modesty.

This beautiful, fragrant little plant is a common sight on the rocky coasts and plains of the Mediterranean region. Kipling waxed poetic on its scent on the summer breeze, saying it was "like the dawn of paradise." Though it can be used as a flavoring or herb, it is not the true culinary thyme but rather an undomesticated cousin. In the language of flowers, thyme signifies activity and courage.

Botanical records show that this attractive plant first came to the United States in 1798 from its native Mexico. It is not a true zinnia, resembling instead the popular black-eyed susan. The genus name "Sanvitalia" honors Frederico Sanvitali, a noted 18th century Italian botanist. The species name "procumbens" means "creeping," referring to the plant's growth.

This fall-blooming beauty, though a member of the Aster family, more closely resembles the chrysanthemum; its unique characteristics have made it the only member of the Callistephus genus. As the name suggests, it originates in China. China Asters are widely grown throughout many countries for commercial use in the cut flower industry. The common name of "aster" comes from the ancient Greek, meaning "star" in reference to the flower's brightness and shape.

Originally from the Mediterranean region and central Europe, this plant provides an excellent source of forage for grazing animals. The genus name "Trifolium" refers to the distinctive three leaflets of the foliage. The species name "incarnatum" means "blood red," referring to the color of the blooms.

A tough specimen, this plant is native to the rocky slopes and plains of the desert southwest and Mexico. Its genus name "Thymophylla" comes from the Greek words for "thyme-leaved," since the delicate foliage gives it a resemblance to plants of that species. The species name "tenuiloba" means "finely-divided," also referring to its characteristic foliage.

The first botanical records of this plant come from the notes of Spanish botanists Mocino and Sesse, who discovered the species growing in the wilds of southern Mexico in 1789. The common name "zinnia" honors German botanist and professor Johann Gottfried Zinn, who was among the first to grow this species after it was discovered. Zinnias signify thoughts of an absent friend in the Victorian language of flowers.

Though native to Mexico and Central America, these flowers spread to Europe with explorers and became popular as ornamental plants. Because of their beauty, they often adorned statues of Mary, resulting in the common name "Mary's gold." Gardeners often use this species as a companion plant for vegetables, since it prevents disease and harmful pests. The genus name "Tagetes" comes from Tages, an ancient deity who sprung up from the ground.The species name "patula" comes from the Latin word for "spreading wide," referring to the opening blossoms.

This European native arrived on the shores of America in the 17th century, and rapidly escaped from gardens to become a naturalized wildflower. The genus name "Hesperis" comes from the Greek word for "evening," since the lovely scent of the flowers becomes especially strong at dusk. The common name "rocket" refers to this plant's fast growth, which causes it to be classified as an invasive species in several states.

This stunning, drought loving groundcover originally comes from South America. Butterfly enthusiasts appreciate this plant for its nearly magnetic attraction to butterflies, while gardeners in arid regions find it a valuable survivor of heat and drought. The species name "tenuisecta" means "thinly cut," referring to the delicate foliage.

Dark Red California Poppy Seeds

Eschscholzia californica

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XL Mylar Packet (~1000 Seeds)

$2.50

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1/4 Oz Mylar (7.09g)

$4.80

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1 Oz Mylar (28.4g)

$7.20

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These poppies have a habit of opening and closing with the sun, appropriate for their native Golden State. The first member of the California poppy genus was identified in 1816 by German botanist Adelbert von Chamisso on an exploratory voyage to California and the Pacific Northwest. Chamisso named this genus "Eschscholzia" after a fellow botanist, Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, who accompanied him on the journey. Nearly a dozen species of poppy grow wild in the western United States.

Because of their Mexican heritage, these bright annuals meet high heat and drought conditions with native beauty and vigor. Spanish conquistadors searching for gold discovered these flowers on their journeys through Mexico. Mission gardens often included these flowers, which priests gave the name "cosmos," the Greek word for a harmonious whole, because of their neatly spaced petals. Cosmos flowers made their way to England with Spanish ambassadors in the late 18th century, and to the United States in the following century.

Because of their Mexican heritage, these bright annuals meet high heat and drought conditions with native beauty and vigor. Spanish conquistadors searching for gold discovered these flowers on their journeys through Mexico. Mission gardens often included these flowers, which priests gave the name "cosmos," the Greek word for a harmonious whole, because of their neatly spaced petals. Cosmos flowers made their way to England with Spanish ambassadors in the late 18th century, and to the United States in the following century.

This dainty flower has become well-known for its role in the florists' industry as a filler in bouquets. Originally it grew as a wildflower across much of Europe and Asia, and was introduced to the States in the late 19th century as a popular addition to flower gardens. The genus name "Gypsophila" means "lover of chalk," referring to the type of light, alkaline soil that this plant prefers.

This plant's genus name, "Clarkia," was given in recognition of Captain William Clark of the historic Lewis & Clark Expedition. Deerhorn Clarkia can be found in the records of this expedition, first discovered by Clark on May 29th, 1809 and very extensively described in Lewis' journal of the following day. Lewis entrusted his collection of flower species to botanist Frederick Traugott Pursh, who officially classified Clarkia pulchella in 1814 as the first member of the Clarkia genus. Its common name of "Deerhorn" is derived from the resemblance of the delicately lobed petals to antlers.

This European native is closely related to the old fashioned garden plant Sweet William. Ironically, it has no history in Deptford, a suburb in the East End of London. Its common name, Deptford Pink, was the result of a misidentification by botanist Thomas Johnson, who found and described the similar Maiden Pink in Deptford in 1633. This wildflower has been rapidly decreasing in Britain, now classified as vulnerable and protected in its natural habitat; however, it thrives throughout the rest of Europe and North America.

This striking native wildflower is often cultivated for its amazing ability to attract butterflies and bees. Though the meaning of the Latin genus name Liatris is a mystery, the species name punctata means "dotted" and refers to the speckled leaves. The first record of this species can be found in the botanical notes of Andre Michaux, a French botanist who explored the American West about a decade before the famous Lewis and Clark expedition.

These bright blossoms once grew wild in the fields of the United Kingdom and southern Europe, though they have become very rare in recent times because of the changing landscape and new farming techniques. This species was first recorded for botanical records in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus. While the genus name "Centaurea" comes from Greek mythology, the common name of Bachelor's Button comes from the tradition of young men wearing the flower as a sign of love. They were also called cornflowers because of their abundant growth in farmers' fields. At one time the blue blossoms were made into a temporary dye most often used for tinting frosting, sugar, or candies.

These poppies have a habit of opening and closing with the sun, appropriate for their native Golden State. The first member of the California poppy genus was identified in 1816 by German botanist Adelbert von Chamisso on an exploratory voyage to California and the Pacific Northwest. Chamisso named this genus "Eschscholzia" after a fellow botanist, Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, who accompanied him on the journey. Nearly a dozen species of poppy grow wild in the western United States. This dwarf species can easily be mistaken for the state flower of California, though it has a small disc at the base of each blossom where the state flower remains smooth.

Because of their Mexican heritage, these bright annuals meet high heat and drought conditions with native beauty and vigor. Spanish conquistadors searching for gold discovered these flowers on their journeys through Mexico. Mission gardens often included these flowers, which priests gave the name "cosmos," the Greek word for a harmonious whole, because of their neatly spaced petals. Cosmos flowers made their way to England with Spanish ambassadors in the late 18th century, and to the United States in the following century.

This plant's blazing brightness and heat-loving, drought tolerant growth has made it one of the most well known native wildflowers, as well as being a popular choice of beginning gardeners and master gardeners alike. The genus name Coreopsis, derived from the Greek "koris," refers to the resemblance of the seeds to bedbugs. The flowers in this family have become especially well loved by the citizens of the state of Florida, who appointed Coreopsis as their official state wildflower in 1991.

Because of their Mexican heritage, these bright annuals meet high heat and drought conditions with native beauty and vigor. Spanish conquistadors searching for gold discovered these flowers on their journeys through Mexico. Mission gardens often included these flowers, which priests gave the name "cosmos," the Greek word for a harmonious whole, because of their neatly spaced petals. Cosmos flowers made their way to England with Spanish ambassadors in the late 18th century, and to the United States in the following century.

These delicate nodding blossoms are native to Europe; they grow wild throughout much of northern Europe, especially abundant due to their reseeding habit. Legend has it that these wildflowers grew in the footsteps of the virgin Mary on her journey to the house of Elizabeth; medieval paintings sometimes included this flower to signify the Holy Spirit, because of the plant's association with doves. The name "columbine" is derived from the Latin "columba," or dove, since an upside down columbine bloom looks like a circle of doves around a fountain. The Latin genus name "Aquilegia" means "eagle," a reference to the spikes on the back of the flower that resemble an eagle's talons.

Because of their Mexican heritage, these bright annuals meet high heat and drought conditions with native beauty and vigor. Spanish conquistadors searching for gold discovered these flowers on their journeys through Mexico. Mission gardens often included these flowers, which priests gave the name "cosmos," the Greek word for a harmonious whole, because of their neatly spaced petals. Cosmos flowers made their way to England with Spanish ambassadors in the late 18th century, and to the United States in the following century.

Because of their Mexican heritage, these bright annuals meet high heat and drought conditions with native beauty and vigor. Spanish conquistadors searching for gold discovered these flowers on their journeys through Mexico. Mission gardens often included these flowers, which priests gave the name "cosmos," the Greek word for a harmonious whole, because of their neatly spaced petals. Cosmos flowers made their way to England with Spanish ambassadors in the late 18th century, and to the United States in the following century.

Because of their Mexican heritage, these bright annuals meet high heat and drought conditions with native beauty and vigor. Spanish conquistadors searching for gold discovered these flowers on their journeys through Mexico. Mission gardens often included these flowers, which priests gave the name "cosmos," the Greek word for a harmonious whole, because of their neatly spaced petals. Cosmos flowers made their way to England with Spanish ambassadors in the late 18th century, and to the United States in the following century.

Meriwether Lewis collected the first specimen of this wildflower on July 7, 1806. His research of this and other native species was completed by botanist Frederick Traugott Pursch in 1813, who completed a catalogue of the species discovered on the famous expedition. The genus name "Gaillardia" honors an 18th century French botanist named Gaillard de Charentonneau, while the species name "aristata" means "bristle" in reference to both the hairy leaves and the spikes on the seeds.

This attractive member of the mustard family originally came from the rocky coasts of the Mediterranean region. The common name Alyssum comes from a Greek word meaning "rabies," referring to the ancient belief that this plant had the ability to treat this disease. The genus name Lobelia honors the renowned Flemish botanist Mathias de Lobel.

This plant's blazing brightness and heat-loving, drought tolerant growth has made it one of the most well known native wildflowers, as well as being a popular choice of beginning gardeners and master gardeners alike. Also known as Dye Flower, Native Americans once used its blossoms for making yellow and orange dyes. The genus name Coreopsis, derived from the Greek "koris," refers to the resemblance of the seeds to bedbugs. The flowers in this family have become especially well loved by the citizens of the state of Florida, who appointed Coreopsis as their official state wildflower in 1991.

Native coneflowers have a reputation for establishing themselves in soil that few other plants would tolerate. They have a long-lived persistence, and also attract butterflies and songbirds. English naturalist Thomas Nuttall first documented this species on one of his many expeditions throughout western America. The Latin name "columnifera" means "column," referring to the prominent center of each blossom.

The noted American botanist and horticultural expert Luther Burbank introduced this popular flower in 1901, a product of more than 15 years of selection and breeding. He named this stunning little flower after California's Mt. Shasta, a snow-capped mountain. The poet Chaucer was the first to give this family of flowers the name "day's eye," because of their habit of opening in the morning and closing at night. A common saying of the era stated, "When you can put your foot on seven daisies, summer is come." In the language of flowers, daisies symbolize innocence, simplicity, and modesty.

Sunflowers were named for their habit of turning their faces to the sun. At the beginning of their development they exhibit heliotropism, or following the sun in its course from east to west, though the mature blossoms usually end up facing straight east. These versatile plants have an ancient history, beginning with Native American tribes across North America as early as 2000 BC. The seeds were used for their oil, ground up for meal, or simply eaten as a snack; the plant also provided dye and medicinal ointment. In 18th century Europe, sunflowers were widely used both in gardens and for making cooking oil; the production of this heart-healthy oil eventually became a major industry both in Europe and America. These are said to be the happiest of flowers, and in the language of flowers they symbolize loyalty and constancy.

According to traditional lore, poet John Keats first called these fragrant country flowers "sweet peas." It has also been called the queen of annuals and is the quintessential old fashioned English flower. Though accounts of this flower's origins differ, most historians agree that a Franciscan monk named Francisco Cupani found it growing when visiting the island of Sicily. In 1699, he sent the seeds of the plant to a botanist in Amsterdam, Dr. Casper Commelin, who published the first recorded description and illustration of sweet peas in 1701. Dr. Leonard Plukenet, the Royal Professor of Botany and gardener of Queen Mary, also recorded obtaining a specimen of sweet pea in the early 18th century.

Sunflowers were named for their habit of turning their faces to the sun. At the beginning of the development they exhibit heliotropism, or following the sun in its course from east to west, though the mature blossoms usually end up facing straight east. These are said to be the happiest of flowers, and in the language of flowers they symbolize loyalty and constancy. The Heliopsis genus name means "appearance of the sun," while the species name "helianthoides" means "like a sunflower," referring to the fact that these flowers are not actually true sunflowers but closely resemble them.

This plant's genus name, "Clarkia," was given in recognition of Captain William Clark of the historic Lewis & Clark Expedition. Another old fashioned name for this flower, Godetia, honors a Swiss botanist by the name of Charles H. Godet (1797-1879). In the wild this eye-catching flower occurs only in the state of California, preferring woodland areas.

The common name "nasturtium" comes from the Latin words for "nose-twister," a humorous way of describing a common reaction the taste of the edible leaves. The entire plant has a history of being used for culinary purposes, since even the seeds can be pickled and make an acceptable substitute for capers. Though the first known botanical description of this species comes from the notes of Spanish botanist Nicolas Monardes, Carl Linnaeus gave the genus its name. He called it "Tropaeolum" in reference to an ancient Roman "tropaeum," a pole on which the bloody armor and shields of the defeated enemy were hung; the plant's bright blossoms reminded him of helmets, while the circular leaves looked similar to shields.

This plant's genus name of "Iberis" indicates its original home on the Europe's Iberian Peninsula. It often grows on the rocky slopes and hills of coastal regions as well as the rest of Europe. It became known in colonial American gardens in the late 18th century, and well known horticulturist Bernard McMahon first offered its seed for sale in the 1804 edition of his Catalogue. The common name "candytuft" actually originated from the flower's presence on the Mediterranean island of Candia, an ancient name for Crete.

The English Daisy is commonly found in lawns, meadows, riverbanks, and along roadsides; it is considered the flower of innocence, and a favorite of children. The poet Chaucer was the first to give this flower the name "day's eye," because of its habit of opening in the morning and closing at night. A common saying of the era stated, "When you can put your foot on seven daisies, summer is come." The English Daisy's Latin name "Bellis perennis" translates as "pretty everlasting." Because of its properties as an astringent herb, herbal medicine has included the daisy for centuries; in ancient Rome, physicians would use tinctures made of this plant for disinfecting wounds on the battlefield.

This old-fashioned flower has a long history as both an ornamental garden plant and as an herb. When dried, the petals of Calendula flowers provide a culinary substitute for saffron; in times past, they were used to give a rich color to cheese or butter. Medicinal uses included treatments for measles and smallpox, as well as for dressing wounds on the battlefield. As well as being the traditional flower for October birthdays, calendula symbolizes sorrow and sympathy.

Historians believe that the English Wallflower first arrived in England in the 11th century, brought by the Normans. Its common name comes from the plant's affinity for nooks and crannies in walls or cliffs. It tends to spring up in the corners of castle ruins, roadsides, or any bit of rocky soil it can find near the sea. Records show that this plant once had many herbal and medical uses, as well as being used in perfume because of its fragrance. In the language of flowers, the wallflower also symbolizes disappointment in love.

Historians believe that this common flower originally came from Mexico and Central America. It has a long history of herbal and medicinal use; the seeds contain a valuable oil said to be effect in the treatment of pain, inflammation, female complaints, and skin problems. The genus name Oenothera has somewhat mysterious origins. Several sources agree that it comes from the Greek word for "wine," since it was once a common belief that the roots of the plant had the ability to neutralize the impact of excessive wine drinking.

Originally from the countries of Portugal and Spain, this wildflower is one of a favorite garden variety known as "stock," usually cultivated for their strong, perfumed scent. In medieval England, flowers such as this were known as "gillyflowers." This particular flower looks wilted during the day, but begins to bloom and produce its fragrance in the evening and through the night. The genus name "Matthiola" honors a 16th century botanist named Pietro Andrea Mattioli, who identified many plants for medicine and science.

These bright flowers originally come from Morocco. The common names of Toadflax and Baby Snapdragon come from the unusual appearance of the blooms. Though similar types are common in the wild, this hybridized species won the prestigious AAS Award in 1934 and quickly became established as an easily grown garden favorite. The genus name Linaria means "flax-like," referring to the similarity of the plant's growth to that of flax.

Historical records show that Dr. Adam Kuhn, a student of Carl Linnaeus, first presented a live specimen of this plant to his teacher in the mid 18th century. The Latin genus name "kuhnia" honors Dr. Kuhn, who later became a renowned professor of botany and medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. The species name "eupatorioides" is derived from the plant's close resemblance to plants of the Eupatorium genus, or boneset.

False indigo's genus name, "Amorpha," comes from a Greek word meaning "without shape," referring to the unusual shape of the blossoms. Since the flowers of this plant contain enough color to make a small amount of indigo dye, early Americans would make use of this prolific plant when true indigo was scarce. False indigo is a native, loose shrub with attractive, sweet scented foliage; also, since it comes from the legume family, it provides soil with high amounts of valuable nitrogen. Because this plant adapts well to dry, poor soil and high wind, its usual function is to prevent erosion or act as a windbreak. False indigo thrives in the wild across most of the United States, growing naturally along streams or in marshes.

This plant's genus name, "Clarkia," was given in recognition of Captain William Clark of the historic Lewis & Clark Expedition in 1806. The species name "amoena" means beautiful or pleasing. Another old fashioned name for this flower, Godetia, honors a 19th century Swiss botanist by the name of Charles H. Godet. In the wild, this plant only grows in coastal areas of the western United States; it usually can be found growing on dry slopes, meadows, or rocky areas.

This old-fashioned flower has a long history as both an ornamental garden plant and as an herb. When dried, the petals of Calendula flowers provide a culinary substitute for saffron; in times past, they were used to give a rich color to cheese or butter. Medicinal uses included treatments for measles and smallpox, as well as for dressing wounds on the battlefield. As well as being the traditional flower for October birthdays, calendula symbolizes sorrow and sympathy.

The common name "fireweed" comes from this wildflower's rapid growth over recently burned ground. The seeds remain in the soil for many years, bursting into bloom when fire clears the ground and brings light to the soil. In twentieth century Britain, this bright flower acquired the nickname "bombweed" because it thrived in bomb craters. Fireweed has become a symbol of the Alaska and the Yukon region, and has a long history of culinary and medicinal use; currently, the slightly spicy petals are used to flavor wildflower honey, candy, ice cream, or jelly.

Victorian ladies loved this native plant for its unusual bicolor flowers and delicate foliage. The genus name "Nemophilia" comes from Latin words meaning "woodland loving." The species name comes from the Latin word for "spotted," in reference to the colorful purple dots on the petals.

Honored as one of the most loved of wildflowers worldwide, this true blue flower originally had the formidable name "Vergissmeinnicht," which is a German word that can be translated "forget me not." Traditional legends also tell that in medieval times, a knight fell into the river while gathering a nosegay of these flowers for his lady. As the waters carried him away, he shouted to his love, "Forget me not!" In the language of flowers, forget-me-nots symbolize true and faithful love.

Greek botanist Theophrastus gave these flowers the genus name Dianthus, which means "divine flower." The common name of "pink" comes from the Old English word "pynken," meaning to cut or notch, in reference to the distinctive jagged edges of the petals. Actually, this family of flowers brought about the use of the word "pink" to describe a color.

Fringed Sage grows prolifically in the mountains and prairies of the United States, providing high quality winter forage for wild animals such as pronghorn, grouse, and elk. It also survives the harsh climate of the steppes of Canada, Siberia, and Mongolia; the first recorded mention of this species in the wild occurred in Siberia in 1803. Its unusual root system enables it to adjust to the moisture level of the soil, growing either a deep taproot or branching roots near the surface. Native Americans and early settlers used the foliage of this plant medicinally to treat infection, coughs, and indigestion; because of its softness and fragrance, pioneer women would stuff pillows with dried bunches of fringed sage. When burned on a campfire, the dried leaves repel unwanted insects such as mosquitoes. However, its appearance alone makes this plant valuable; its silvery beauty won it the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Garland Daisies thrive throughout the Mediterranean region, where they originated and have grown for centuries. In addition to being an attractive garden or prairie plant, this daisy has fragrant greens that are often featured in Chinese, Japanese, and Taiwanese cuisine. They make a flavorful addition to beef and lamb dishes, as well as producing an excellent tea when brewed. As a medicinal herb, this plant was an ancient Chinese remedy for treating headaches. The poet Chaucer was the first to give this family of flowers the name "day's eye," because of their habit of opening in the morning and closing at night. A common saying of the era stated, "When you can put your foot on seven daisies, summer is come." In the language of flowers, daisies symbolize innocence, simplicity, and modesty.

These South African cousins of the daisy can endure blazing heat and drought with continued bloom, and often act as a perennial ground cover in warm climates. The Gazania genus honors Theodorus Gaza, an influential Greek scholar of the 15th century Palaeologan Renaissance. Botanist Joseph Gaertner first described and classified Gazania in his landmark publication De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum in 1791.

This plant's genus name of "Iberis" indicates its original home on the Europe's Iberian Peninsula. It often grows on the rocky slopes and hills of coastal regions as well as the rest of Europe. It became known in colonial American gardens in the late 18th century, and well known horticulturist Bernard McMahon first offered its seed for sale in the 1804 edition of his Catalogue. The common name "candytuft" actually originated from the flower's presence on the Mediterranean island of Candia, an ancient name for Crete.

The Gilia genus contains mostly desert-loving plants, native to the area stretching from the western United States to South America. Spanish botanists Hipolito Ruiz and Jose Antonio Pavon found the first known Gilia species on their expedition to South America, later detailing it among other species in a 1794 publication of their research from Peru and Chile. They gave this family of flowers the name Gilia in honor of Filippo Luigi Gilii (1756-1821), an Italian naturalist whom they greatly admired for his research in South American native plant life at the Vatican Observatory.

Because of their Mexican heritage, these bright annuals meet high heat and drought conditions with native beauty and vigor. Spanish conquistadors searching for gold discovered these flowers on their journeys through Mexico. Mission gardens often included these flowers, which priests gave the name "cosmos," the Greek word for a harmonious whole, because of their neatly spaced petals. Cosmos flowers made their way to England with Spanish ambassadors in the late 18th century, and to the United States in the following century.

Also known as Black-Eyed Susans, the common name of this flower comes from a popular poem of the same name by 19th century poet John Gay. In the poem, pretty Susan loved a sailor boy named William. Interestingly, this flower and Wild Sweet William always bloom at the same time. The genus name "Rudbeckia" honors a family of renowned scientists and professors, the Rudbecks of Sweden, who taught Carl Linnaeus at the University of Uppsula. The species name "amplexicaulis" means "stem-clasping," in reference to the growth of the leaves.

Native to the Caucasus mountains, Gold Yarrow has long been cultivated because of its fragrant fern-like foliage, and cheerful, long lasting flowers. Gold Yarrow grows taller and blooms sooner than the other colors of Yarrow, and it is not as invasive. It is a perfect border plant, and is also beautiful en masse.

This bright annual, also known as Dye Flower, was once used by Native Americans for making yellow and orange dyes. The common name "tickseed" comes from the resemblance of the seeds to that particular bug; the genus name Coreopsis, derived from the Greek "koris," makes a similar reference to bedbugs. Hardiness and love of dry soil make the flowers in this family especially valuable to citizens of the state of Florida, who appointed Coreopsis as their official state wildflower in 1991.

These poppies have a habit of opening and closing with the sun, appropriate for their native Golden State. The first member of the California poppy genus was identified in 1816 by German botanist Adelbert von Chamisso on an exploratory voyage to California and the Pacific Northwest. Chamisso named this genus "Eschscholzia" after a fellow botanist, Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, who accompanied him on the journey. Nearly a dozen species of poppy grow wild in the western United States.

This California native once carpeted the valleys and coastal wetlands of the Golden State, though it is not commonly found growing wild in recent years due to decreasing wetlands. The genus name "Lasthenia" comes from Greek mythology, being the name of a student of the philosopher Plato. The species name "glabrata" refers to the glabrous, or smooth and hairless, foliage.

Morning glory flowers open with the morning sun and close when it sets. Though each flower only lasts for one day, their abundance and beauty have made them a garden favorite for centuries. Early Japanese and Chinese cultures especially valued this plant for its aesthetic and medicinal qualities. According to historical research, ancient peoples of Mexico and South America also used the sticky liquid of the morning glory vines as a crucial ingredient in the production of latex. Classic "Grandpa Ott" morning glories originally came from "Grandpa" John Ott of St. Lucas, Iowa.

Though it sometimes masquerades as just another grass, this wetland plant produces unusual globular white flowers that set it apart from the rest. Its seeds and rhizomes provide valuable food for birds and muskrats. The genus name "Sparganium" comes from an ancient word meaning "band," probably a reference to the strap-like foliage. The genus name "eurycarpum" means "broad-fruited."

Though a beautiful ornamental plant, this native species is most well known for its use in a type of herbal tea. Native American tribes throughout the American southwest harvest its stems just as the buds open, then bundle the dried stems for use in brewing a healing beverage. The genus name "Thelesperma" comes from a Greek word referring to the shape of the seed, while the species name "filifolium" means "thread-leaved" in reference to the delicate foliage.

Sunflowers were named for their habit of turning their faces to the sun. At the beginning of their development they exhibit heliotropism, or following the sun in its course from east to west, though the mature blossoms usually end up facing straight east. These versatile plants have an ancient history, beginning with Native American tribes across North America as early as 2000 BC. The seeds were used for their oil, ground up for meal, or simply eaten as a snack; the plant also provided dye and medicinal ointment. In 18th century Europe, sunflowers were widely used both in gardens and for making cooking oil; the production of this heart-healthy oil eventually became a major industry both in Europe and America. These are said to be the happiest of flowers, and in the language of flowers they symbolize loyalty and constancy.

This nitrogen fixing legume grows well in almost any type of dry ground, and can be found sprawling over gravelly slopes or clay banks where few other plants would dare to establish themselves. Its unusual plum-like fruits were sometimes called the "food of buffalo" by Native American tribes, though the raw or boiled fruits were also a favorite food of both Native Americans and early settlers. English naturalist Thomas Nuttall first documented this species in 1810, on an expedition to North Dakota's Mandan settlements. The species name "crassicarpus" means "thick-fruited."

Though many of the plants in the Hibiscus genus grow in tropical or semitropical regions, several hardier species such as this one are native to North America. The genus name Hibiscus comes from the Greek word for "mallow," the name of a common flower. The species name "lasiocarpus" means "wooly-fruited," referring to the unique fuzzy seeds of this plant. In the language of flowers, hibiscus signifies delicate beauty or gentleness.

Often identified as Scotland's "bluebell," the Harebell can also be found throughout much of North America and Europe. This beloved wildflower even has a place in literature, being named in the poetry of Shakespeare, Rossetti, and Dickinson. In spite of its delicate beauty, this plant can thrive in adverse growing conditions and drought; its wide native habitat includes rocky cliffs, gravel, sand, and woodland. These blossoms were once used for the manufacture of blue dye for Scottish tartans. The genus name, "Campanula," means "little bell," while the species name, "rotundifolia," refers to the plant's round basal leaves.

In the 16th century, famed botanist and herbal expert John Gerard said of this plant that "there is not a better wounde herbe in the world." As the name suggests, this native plant has healing properties that herbalists have appreciated for centuries. The plant has been used both internally or externally, fresh and dried. Though not in current medical use, it is said to have antibacterial and detoxifying benefits. The genus name "Prunella" comes from the German word "brunella," a disorder of the mouth and throat that could be treated with this herb.

This moisture-loving woodland plant can be found thriving along streams or in abandoned fields and meadows. Historical records show that this species was first described for science in 1856 by Asa Gray, one of the most influential 19th century American botanists. The genus name "Zizia" honors German botanist Johann Baptist Ziz.

Named for their resemblance to the white heath of the moors of England, Heath Asters thrive in dry, rocky prairie ground or pasture land. Since grazing animals tend to avoid this plant and it spreads easily, it will eventually form extended colonies of attractive white bushes. Native Americans once used this plant in sweat baths, since it produced invigorating herbal steam. Originally from the Greek language, "aster" means "star." At one time, asters were called starworts, frost flowers, or Michaelmas daisies; in spite of their daisy-like petals, asters are actually diminutive members of the sunflower family. In the language of flowers, these starry blossoms symbolize elegance or daintiness. They make a traditional gift for birthdays in the month of September, or for 20th wedding anniversaries.

Morning glory flowers open with the morning sun and close when it sets. Though each flower only lasts for one day, their abundance and beauty have made them a garden favorite for centuries. Early Japanese and Chinese cultures especially valued this plant for its aesthetic and medicinal qualities. According to historical research, ancient peoples of Mexico and South America also used the sticky liquid of the morning glory vines as a crucial ingredient in the production of latex. Classic "Heavenly Blue" morning glories are a special favorite of gardeners, and won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

This bright-eyed flower once grew wild throughout Europe, and was known as "hearts-ease." Other common names included Love in Idleness, the Trinity Herb, and Three Faces in a Hood. Though the identity of "Johnny" is not known, that particular name seems to originate in 18th century America. Thomas Jefferson's notes of his extensive garden show that he planted this flower on April 1, 1767.

The plants in this genus have been valued for generations as hardy, ornamental butterfly attractions. They have a long history of use as a medicinal remedy, as well as being dried for herbal tea. Ancient legends associate this plant with supernatural power, even telling the story that a plant of this genus was used to prepare the body of Jesus for burial. The species name "hastata" comes from the Latin words for "spear-shaped," referring to the shape of the leaves.

As its appearance suggests, Hollyhock is a relative of the exotic hibiscus of the tropics; records show that the first of the plants brought to Europe came with the Crusaders from the Holy Land, by way of their original home, China. The name is derived from "holy" and "hoc," an Anglo Saxon word for this type of flower. Hollyhock has become a traditional favorite in the arid southwestern regions of the United States and in Mexico because of its hardy survival of blazing sun and persistent drought. The plant has a history of medicinal use; also, the stems contain a tough fiber that has been used for making both paper and cloth, and dyes of various colors can be obtained from the petals. For centuries, little girls have found their own use for this plant by making "hollyhock dolls" from the blossoms. To make your own, pluck a hollyhock flower from the stem and turn it face down to find a lady wearing a silky ballroom gown.

As the name suggests, this hardy poppy comes from the arctic regions of North America and Europe. The first botanical records of this plant come from the mid-eighteenth century, most notably in Linnaeus' landmark publication Species Plantarum in 1753. Because of its high tolerance of cold temperatures, this wildflower graces many roadsides and fields in Alaska and northern Canada.

This nitrogen-fixing legume provides nutrition for wild animals as well as the soil, since its seeds are a favorite food of birds, deer, antelope, and rodents. This dual purpose gives it the distinction of being one of the most important native legumes. It has a wide range of adaptability, and can be found in many soils and growing conditions. One unique feature of the leaves is their sensitivity to light and touch, resulting in a temporary wilting to control temperature and prevent the loss of moisture. Children of Native American tribes once used the distinctive round seed heads of this plant as rattles.

A Mediterranean native, this plant has a history of use as a folk remedy for skin disorders. The genus name "Scabiosa" means "scabies," referring to one of the skin complaints this plant was said to cure. The species name "atropurpurea" means "dark purple," one of the characteristic colors of its blooms. Each flower develops many pin-like stamens, explaining its common name of pincushion flower.

This close cousin of the delphinium has a similar appearance to that flower, but grows as an annual. The genus name Delphinium comes from a Greek word meaning dolphin, referring to the unique shape of the blossoms; the species name "ajacis" comes from the Greek myth that these flowers first grew in the place where the great warrior Ajax committed suicide. The common name of larkspur comes from the supposed resemblance of the blossoms to the claw of a lark. Native Americans and early settlers used the bright flowers of this plant to make blue ink. Larkspur is the flower of the month of July, and symbolizes a carefree or fickle heart.

Native to the Middle East and Mediterranean regions, this flower has been popular in gardens since the 1600s because of its fragrant blossoms. Its common name, "Sweet Sultan," comes from its origins in the Eastern countries under the rule of the Ottoman Sultans. It belongs to the the same botanical family as its English cousin Bachelor's Button, or cornflower.

Meriwether Lewis collected the first specimen of this wildflower on July 7, 1806. His research of this and other native species was completed by botanist Frederick Traugott Pursch in 1813, who completed a catalogue of the species discovered on the famous expedition. The genus name "Gaillardia" honors an 18th century French botanist named Gaillard de Charentonneau. The common name Indian Blanket seems to come from the similarity of the brightly colored blossoms to Native American weaving.

Legend has it that the name of this flower comes from popular poem "Black-Eyed Susan" by 19th century poet John Gay. In the poem, pretty Susan loved a sailor boy named William. Interestingly, this flower and Wild Sweet William always bloom at the same time. The genus name "Rudbeckia" honors a family of renowned scientists and professors, the Rudbecks of Sweden, who taught Carl Linnaeus at the University of Uppsula. The species name "amplexicaulis" means "stem-clasping," in reference to the growth of the leaves.

These poppies have a habit of opening and closing with the sun, appropriate for their native Golden State. The first member of the California poppy genus was identified in 1816 by German botanist Adelbert von Chamisso on an exploratory voyage to California and the Pacific Northwest. Chamisso named this genus "Eschscholzia" after a fellow botanist, Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, who accompanied him on the journey. Nearly a dozen species of poppy grow wild in the western United States.

The common name "nasturtium" comes from the Latin words for "nose-twister," a humorous way of describing a common reaction the taste of the edible leaves. The entire plant has a history of being used for culinary purposes, since even the seeds can be pickled and make an acceptable substitute for capers. Though the first known botanical description of this species comes from the notes of Spanish botanist Nicolas Monardes, Carl Linnaeus gave the genus its name. He called it "Tropaeolum" in reference to an ancient Roman "tropaeum," a pole on which the bloody armor and shields of the defeated enemy were hung; the plant's bright blossoms reminded him of helmets, while the circular leaves looked similar to shields.

According to legend, an 18th century healer named Joe Pye often used this plant for curing fevers and other sickness. Early settlers used this plant in the treatment of typhus, while Native Americans used it to cause the body to sweat. The genus name "Eupatorium" comes from a connection to an ancient Greek king named Eupator, who was rumored to have found an herbal antidote to poison that included this species. Though it has become increasingly rare in the wild, it can still be found occasionally in moist areas such as swamps and riverbanks.

A versatile plant, native sage has had medicinal, ornamental, and culinary uses for generations. The first botanical classification of this family of plants can be found in 19th century British botanist George Bentham's influential work Genera Plantarum. The genus name "Salvia" comes from the Latin "salvere" meaning "to heal," referring to the plant's medicinal benefits.

According to traditional lore, poet John Keats first called these fragrant country flowers "sweet peas." It has also been called the queen of annuals and is the quintessential old fashioned English flower. Though accounts of this flower's origins differ, most historians agree that a Franciscan monk named Francisco Cupani found it growing when visiting the island of Sicily. In 1699, he sent the seeds of the plant to a botanist in Amsterdam, Dr. Casper Commelin, who published the first recorded description and illustration of sweet peas in 1701. Dr. Leonard Plukenet, the Royal Professor of Botany and gardener of Queen Mary, also recorded obtaining a specimen of sweet pea in the early 18th century.

This native wildflower occurs naturally in the deserts of California and Arizona. Desert gardeners appreciate this plant for its hardiness and stunning blooms, while its practical uses include making an excellent cover crop and attracting bees and other pollinating insects. The genus name "Phacelia" comes from the Greek word for "cluster," referring to the plant's growth habit. The species name "Phacelia" means "tansy-leaved," referring to the resemblance of the plant's foliage to that of the delicate tansy plant.

Large Flowered Phlox Seeds

Collomia grandiflora

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This wildflower was first found near the Columbia River and described in 1828 by Scotsman David Douglas, the first botanist to methodically find and classify over 250 plants in the northwestern region of the United States. The genus name Collomia, bestowed by English botanist Thomas Nuttall, comes from the Greek word meaning "glue," a reference to the sticky seeds of the plants in this family. The species name "grandiflora" means large-flowered.

Large Flowered Tickseed Seeds

Coreopsis grandiflora

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This wildflower's common name of "tickseed" comes from the resemblance of the seeds to that particular bug; the genus name Coreopsis, derived from the Greek "koris," makes a similar reference to bedbugs. Hardiness and love of dry soil make the flowers in this family especially valuable to citizens of the state of Florida, who appointed Coreopsis as their official state wildflower in 1991.

Though not a member of the mint family, this plant has a distinct herbal scent that has hints of citrus. Because its leaves contain citronellol, the essential oil distilled from this plant has a repellent effect on insects. The genus name Monarda honors Spanish botanist Nicolas Bautista Monardes, who studied herbal and medicinal plants from North America during the 16th century. The species name "citriodora" comes from Latin words meaning "having a citrus aroma."

Sunflowers were named for their habit of turning their faces to the sun. At the beginning of their development they exhibit heliotropism, or following the sun in its course from east to west, though the mature blossoms usually end up facing straight east. These versatile plants have an ancient history, beginning with Native American tribes across North America as early as 2000 BC. The seeds were used for their oil, ground up for meal, or simply eaten as a snack; the plant also provided dye and medicinal ointment. In 18th century Europe, sunflowers were widely used both in gardens and for making cooking oil; the production of this heart-healthy oil eventually became a major industry both in Europe and America. These are said to be the happiest of flowers, and in the language of flowers they symbolize loyalty and constancy.

As the name indicates, this native flax was discovered by Meriwether Lewis of the Lewis and Clark expedition. Lewis collected the first specimen on July 9, 1806 near the Sun River in Montana. Botanist Frederick Pursh, who studied the plants gathered on this expedition, first published a description of this plant in his 1814 publication of Flora of North America. Native Americans once used the fibers of this plant for weaving fabric, string, nets, and baskets.

Lilac Godetia Seeds

Clarkia bottae

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This plant's genus name, "Clarkia," was given in recognition of Captain William Clark of the historic Lewis & Clark Expedition in 1806. Another old fashioned name for this flower, Godetia, honors a Swiss botanist by the name of Charles H. Godet (1797-1879). In the wild, Lilac Godetia grows in coastal areas as well as on the slopes of the Peninsular and Transverse Ranges of Southern California.

The first botanical records of this plant come from the notes of Spanish botanists Mocino and Sesse, who discovered the species growing in the wilds of southern Mexico in 1789. The common name "zinnia" honors German botanist and professor Johann Gottfried Zinn, who was among the first to grow this species after it was discovered. Zinnias signify thoughts of an absent friend in the Victorian language of flowers.

Native coneflowers have a reputation for establishing themselves in soil that few other plants would tolerate. They have a long-lived persistence, and also attract butterflies and songbirds. English naturalist Thomas Nuttall first documented this species on one of his many expeditions throughout western America. The Latin name "columnifera" means "column," referring to the prominent center of each blossom.

A time-honored favorite in English cottage gardens, this flower originally comes from the Mediterranean region. Many plants in this family have herb-like qualities, though this plant is enjoyed primarily in both fresh and dried flower arrangements. The genus name Nigella comes from the Latin word "niger," meaning "black" and referring to the color of the seed. The species name "damascena" refers to the plant's history in Damascus, Syria.

As a decorative flower, Love-Lies-Bleeding grew in many Victorian English gardens; in the language of flowers, it represents hopeless love. In addition to producing lovely flowers, Love-Lies-Bleeding is a form of the grain-producing plant known as amaranth. A staple grain for the Aztecs and Incas, amaranth was referred to as the "golden grain of the gods" and used in religious rituals. The plant nearly died out when the Spanish Conquistadors declared the religious practices barbaric, and made growing amaranth a capital offense. Today, both the leaves and the seeds of amaranth are an important food source in many parts of the world. This unique grain provides an impressive amount of vitamins and minerals, as well as being very rich in protein.

The first botanical records of this plant come from the notes of Spanish botanists Mocino and Sesse, who discovered the species growing in the wilds of southern Mexico in 1789. The common name "zinnia" honors German botanist and professor Johann Gottfried Zinn, who was among the first to grow this species after it was discovered. Zinnias signify thoughts of an absent friend in the Victorian language of flowers.

Skullcap comes from a highly valued family of plants, since ancient herbalists found that it provided a number of medicinal benefits. This species in particular was once used as a treatment for rabies, thus the name. The reference to a "skullcap" can be explained by the resemblance of part of each blossom to a close-fitting cap.

Greek botanist Theophrastus gave these flowers the genus name Dianthus, which means "divine flower." The common name of "pink" comes from the Old English word "pynken," meaning to cut or notch, in reference to the distinctive jagged edges of the petals. Actually, this family of flowers brought about the use of the word "pink" to describe a color.

This plant originally comes from parts of Russia and northern Asia; according to tradition, it first arrived in Europe with the Crusaders returning from the Middle East. This soon became a popular garden plant, and can be found in the list of plants that Thomas Jefferson planted in his experimental gardens at Monticello. The Royal Horticultural Society later gave it the Award of Garden Merit.The common name comes from the shape of the flowers, which resemble the pointed star shape known as a Maltese Cross.

According to traditional lore, poet John Keats first called these fragrant country flowers "sweet peas." It has also been called the queen of annuals and is the quintessential old fashioned English flower. Though accounts of this flower's origins differ, most historians agree that a Franciscan monk named Francisco Cupani found it growing when visiting the island of Sicily. In 1699, he sent the seeds of the plant to a botanist in Amsterdam, Dr. Casper Commelin, who published the first recorded description and illustration of sweet peas in 1701. Dr. Leonard Plukenet, the Royal Professor of Botany and gardener of Queen Mary, also recorded obtaining a specimen of sweet pea in the early 18th century.

Its white, nearly round seeds earned this wildflower its common name. This plant usually establishes itself in heavily grazed pastures or along dry roadsides where the lack of competition allows it to thrive. Noted French botanist Andre Michaux first included this genus in his 1803 publication of Flora Boreali-Americana, an authoritative work on the plant life of North America. The genus name "Onosmodium" comes from the name of a closely related herb, while the species name "molle" comes from a word meaning "soft."

Sunflowers were named for their habit of turning their faces to the sun. At the beginning of the development they exhibit heliotropism, or following the sun in its course from east to west, though the mature blossoms usually end up facing straight east. These are said to be the happiest of flowers, and in the language of flowers they symbolize loyalty and constancy. This particular sunflower's name honors German Prince Alexander Maximilian of Wied-Nuewied, a noted explorer and naturalist whose journeys took him to the western regions of America in the 1830s.

McKana Giant columbines were developed specifically for their large, striking blooms and many colors; this AAS Award winner first became available in the 1950s. The name "columbine" is derived from the Latin "columba," or dove, since an upside down columbine bloom looks like a circle of doves around a fountain. The Latin genus name "Aquilegia" means "eagle," a reference to the spikes on the back of the flower that resemble an eagle's talons. These unique hollow spurs on the blossoms contain an abundance of nectar, though only hummingbirds and other long-tongued feeders such as the hawk moth can reach it. Ruby-throated hummingbirds especially love this plant. Its natural habitats are woodland areas, rocky slopes, or along streams.

Melampodium Seeds

Melampodium pauludosum

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These hardy plants are closely related to native sunflowers, and come from tropical areas of the world. Its imposing name comes from the Greek words for "black" and "foot," since parts of the lower stem and roots often appear black. Because of this, plants in this family also have the common name of "blackfoots." Because of its excellence as a border and container plant, hybridized varieties of this plant are often produced commercially for gardens.

Native coneflowers have a reputation for establishing themselves in soil that few other plants would tolerate. They have a long-lived persistence, and also attract butterflies and songbirds. English naturalist Thomas Nuttall first documented this species on one of his many expeditions throughout western America. The Latin name "columnifera" means "column," referring to the prominent center of each blossom.

As the name suggests, this bright sunflower originally comes from Mexico. Gardeners appreciate this plant for its ability to attract flocks of butterflies. In South Africa, its hardy growth has spread to the wild and made it a common wildflower. The genus name "Tithonia" comes Greek mythology and refers to Tithonius, the beloved of Aurora, the goddess of the dawn.

The genus name "Nicotiana" honors Jean Nicot, who introduced the tobacco plant to Europe via the French royal court. The plant immediately became widely used as a medicinal remedy for a variety of illnesses. This plant is still commonly used in South America as a narcotic and herbal treatment. Due to the extremely high nicotine content in its leaves, this plant also makes an excellent natural pesticide.

These poppies have a habit of opening and closing with the sun, appropriate for their native Golden State. The first member of the California poppy genus was identified in 1816 by German botanist Adelbert von Chamisso on an exploratory voyage to California and the Pacific Northwest. Chamisso named this genus "Eschscholzia" after a fellow botanist, Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, who accompanied him on the journey. Nearly a dozen species of poppy grow wild in the western United States.

The first botanical records of native phlox first appear in Hortus Elthamensis, botanist Johann Dillenius' published description of a famous experimental garden near London in 1732. This garden, under the care of famed English botanist William Sherard, contained several species of wild phlox from America. From that time on, gardeners seemed to agree with horticulturist Karl Foerster that "a garden without a phlox is a mistake." In the language of flowers, phlox symbolizes either the union of souls or sweet dreams. In Victorian times, a bouquet of phlox often indicated a timid proposal of marriage. The name "phlox" comes from the Greek word for "flame." The species name "drummondii" honors 19th century Scottish botanist Thomas Drummond, who traveled extensively throughout the United States collecting unique plants. This particular wild phlox came from Texas, where Drummond spent nearly two years.

These poppies have a habit of opening and closing with the sun, appropriate for their native Golden State. The first member of the California poppy genus was identified in 1816 by German botanist Adelbert von Chamisso on an exploratory voyage to California and the Pacific Northwest. Chamisso named this genus "Eschscholzia" after a fellow botanist, Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, who accompanied him on the journey. Nearly a dozen species of poppy grow wild in the western United States.

The petunia, a domesticated member of the nightshade family, has its origins in South America as a cross between two native species. Since this genus also includes the tobacco plant, the common name "petunia" comes from an obscure word for tobacco. Twentieth century horticulturists such as Charles Weddle and his colleague Claude Hope are responsible for the modern hybrids of petunia available today, including this compact dwarf species.

This popular garden flower earned its name because of its habit of opening in late afternoon; this unique characteristic is caused by fluctuations in temperature and light. The genus name "Mirabilis" comes from the Latin word for "wonderful," while the species name "jalapa" refers to an often used name for locations in South and Central America. Founding father Thomas Jefferson grew these flowers in his extensive estate gardens at Monticello, referring to them as the "fragrant Marvel of Peru." Historians believe that the ancient Aztecs were the first to raise these flowers, which made their way to Europe by the early 18th century and were classified by Linnaeus in 1753.

Foxglove grows as a wildflower in Great Britain and throughout Europe, and can be found in records dating back to the time of Edward III of England. Historically, its common name was "Folksglove" in reference to the little folk, or fairies; these flowers often grew in the deep dells and glades of the forest where the fairies were said to live. One legend states that naughty sprites would give the fox the blossoms of this plant to wear on his feet, to quiet his step among the farmyards. Dr. William Withering first brought foxglove to the attention of the medical world in 1785, detailing its use in an important document that helped begin the modern pharmacology movement. This plant produces digitoxin, a substance included in the heart stimulating drug digitalis. The name Digitalis, also the genus name of the species, comes from the Latin word for finger and refers to the shape of the foxglove blossom.

This flower comes from a family of plants native to southern Africa. The genus name Mesembryanthemum comes from the Greek words meaning "middle" and "flower," since this flower opens around midday. The species name "criniflorum" means "having hair-like leaves," possibly referring to the unusual crystal-like texture of the foliage. This quality also inspired the common names Ice Plant or Ice Daisy.

The common name "nasturtium" comes from the Latin words for "nose-twister," a humorous way of describing a common reaction the taste of the edible leaves. The entire plant has a history of being used for culinary purposes, since even the seeds can be pickled and make an acceptable substitute for capers. Though the first known botanical description of this species comes from the notes of Spanish botanist Nicolas Monardes, Carl Linnaeus gave the genus its name. He called it "Tropaeolum" in reference to an ancient Roman "tropaeum," a pole on which the bloody armor and shields of the defeated enemy were hung; the plant's bright blossoms reminded him of helmets, while the circular leaves looked similar to shields.

This close cousin of the delphinium has a similar appearance to that flower, but grows as an annual. The genus name Delphinium comes from a Greek word meaning dolphin, referring to the unique shape of the blossoms; the species name "ajacis" comes from the Greek myth that these flowers first grew in the place where the great warrior Ajax committed suicide. The common name of larkspur comes from the supposed resemblance of the blossoms to the claw of a lark. Native Americans and early settlers used the bright flowers of this plant to make blue ink. Larkspur is the flower of the month of July, and symbolizes a carefree or fickle heart.

Carl Linnaeus first described the classic red poppy in 1753 in his landmark publication Species Plantarum. In spite of rumors to the contrary, this particular poppy does not contain opium, but rather a mild sedative. This explains the poppy's association with sleep in ancient mythology and symbolism. The genus name "Papaver" comes from the Latin word for "milk," referring to the white sap in the stem, while the species name "rhoeas" means "red."

This desert native can be found growing wild in the American southwest, as well as in parts of northern Mexico. The name Lupine comes from the Latin "lupus," meaning wolf. This refers to the folk belief that this plant took nutrients from the soil. Ironically, this plant actually improves the soil because of its nitrogen fixing abilities. The species name "sparsiflorus" means "sparsely flowered" or "few-leaved."

In colonial American times, this plant was a popular choice in flower gardens because of its ornamental properties when dried. The silvery, nearly transparent seed pods led to many common names such as Honesty, Moonflower, and Silver Pennies. According to historical record, Thomas Jefferson once grew this species in his extensive experimental gardens at Monticello. The genus name "Lunaria" means "moon," referring to the appearance of the seed pods.

The plants in this genus have been valued for generations as hardy, ornamental butterfly attractions. They have a long history of use as a medicinal remedy, as well as being dried for herbal tea. Ancient legends associate this plant with supernatural power, even telling the story that a plant of this genus was used to prepare the body of Jesus for burial. The species name "hastata" comes from the Latin words for "spear-shaped," referring to the shape of the leaves.

On one of his many mid-nineteenth century expeditions through the American West, botanist Edward Lee Greene discovered and recorded this native plant. Greene became known for cataloguing over 4,400 species of native plants. The genus name "Linanthus" means "flax flower," while the species name "grandiflorus" means "large-flowered."

All the members of the Echinacea genus are native to North America, though they are becoming more rare in the wild. The genus name Echinacea comes from the Greek word for "hedgehog," referring to the spiny seed head of the flower. Historically, this family of plants has been extensively used by Native American tribes and early settlers because of its beneficial medicinal properties. Echinacea acts as a natural antibiotic, and improves the function of the immune system; it became very popular in the medical field in the early twentieth century, particularly after the extensive researches of the German Dr. Gerhard Madaus. Echinacea is still widely used as an herbal remedy, as well as being a common and well-loved addition to perennial gardens and prairie plantings.

Though native to Mexico and Central America, these flowers spread to Europe with explorers and became popular as ornamental plants. Because of their beauty, they often adorned statues of Mary, resulting in the common name "Mary's gold." Gardeners often use this species as a companion plant for vegetables, since it prevents disease and harmful pests. The genus name "Tagetes" comes from Tages, an ancient deity who sprung up from the ground.The species name "patula" comes from the Latin word for "spreading wide," referring to the opening blossoms.

During the time of the Revolutionary War, the American colonists began making their own tea as a substitute for the expensive Chinese or British tea. The leaves of this nitrogen-fixing native shrub, which grew abundantly in New Jersey, could be used to make a beverage much like black tea. Native American women often used the fragrant flowers as a soap, since they produce a gentle lather and cleansing agent; the entire plant has also been used in the production of brown, green, and red dyes. This plant is a host for several butterfly species such as Spring and Summer Azures and the Mottled Duskywing. Its deep, extensive root system makes it one of the most fire-resistant shrubs on the prairie; fire may actually improve the germination of its seeds.

This colorful aster originates in the Mid-Atlantic region, springing up in marshy ground, shoreland, or wet meadow areas. Its Latin name, "novi-belgii," means New Belgium, a historical name for the state of New York. This variety has also been referred to as a "Michaelmas daisy" because of its blossoming around the time of the feast of St. Michael on September 29. German botanist Paul Hermann first catalogued this species in 1687, and it was being widely grown in gardens by the beginning of the eighteenth century. In the language of flowers, these starry blossoms symbolize elegance or daintiness. They make a traditional gift for birthdays in the month of September, or for 20th wedding anniversaries.

Named for the graceful droop of their mature blossoms, Nodding Bur Marigold thrives in the wetland soil of swamps, bogs, ponds, or riverbanks. This plant's unique method of propagating itself involves the sharp barbs on the seeds, which stick to everything they touch; this explains the common names Beggarsticks or Sticktights. These seeds are a favorite food of ducks, sparrows, and finches.

Because of its sticky stem that can entrap tiny insects, this family of plants earned the common name Catchfly. Since many plants in this species produce a saliva-like substance, the genus name "Silene" is derived from Silenus, a mythical Greek character known for being covered with foam. The species name "pendula" comes from the Latin word for "hanging down," referring to the drooping habit of the flowers.

Nodding Onion grows in nearly every state in the Union as well as in Canada, since it adapts well to many different soils. This hardy, pink flowered perennial thrives in rocky bluffs, forests, deserts, and prairies. Because nodding onion sprung up everywhere in the wild, it has a long history of use by Native American tribes and early settlers of North America. Traditional medicinal uses include treatments for congestion, fevers, and infection. The tiny bulbs could also be dried for culinary use in the winter. Because nodding onion is not as common today as in the past, it is a protected plant in some states.

Though it soon escaped and began growing in the wild, this flower originally came to America in the early 19th century from the gardens of Europe. Because of its sticky stem that can entrap tiny insects, this family of plants earned the common name Catchfly. This particular species is sometimes called Lobel's Catchfly after Matthias de Lobel, a well known 16th century botanist.

This versatile native wildflower has many historical uses. It belongs to the same genus as the European Madder plant, which is used to make dyes; Native Americans valued this plant for its ability to produce a naturally scarce red dye. Bedstraw is also related to the tropical coffee plant, and the seeds can be used to brew a very acceptable substitute for that beverage. This plant produces a substance called asperuloside, which causes a sweet, hay-like scent when the plant has dried. Because of this, it was used as a stuffing or "bedstraw" for mattresses and pillows in medieval times.

These bright flowers originally come from Morocco. The common names of Toadflax and Baby Snapdragon come from the unusual appearance of the blooms. Though similar types are common in the wild, this hybridized species won the prestigious AAS Award in 1934 and quickly became established as an easily grown garden favorite. The genus name Linaria means "flax-like," referring to the similarity of the plant's growth to that of flax.

These native plants earned their name because of their flexible stems, which "obediently" stay bent for short periods of time. Another common name, "dragon-head," comes from a fancied resemblance of the blossoms to the head of a mythical beast. The genus name "Physostegia" comes from the Greek words for "bladder covering," referring to the rounded seed pods. The species name "virginians" comes from the Latin, meaning "from Virginia."

Contrary to popular belief, this plant does not cause summer hay fever but simply happens to bloom at the same time as ragweed. Native Americans and early settlers often used this plant for healing purposes, as well as creating a strong yellow dye from its blossoms. Because of its common availability, inventor Thomas Edison harvested the natural rubber in the leaves of the plant to create an acceptable substitute for synthetic rubber. The genus name "Solidago" comes from the Latin words for "to make whole," referring to the plant's medicinal properties.

These golden wildflowers have been the state flower of California since 1903. Their habit of opening and closing with the sun makes them appropriate emblems for the Golden State; they also have a holiday all their own, since April 6 is official California Poppy Day. This poppy was the first identified member of the Eschscholzia genus, identified in 1816 by German botanist Adelbert von Chamisso on an exploratory voyage to California and the Pacific Northwest. Chamisso named the genus after a fellow botanist, Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, who accompanied him on the journey. In 1826, noted English botanist David Douglas gathered seed from this species for the Royal Botanical Society; this poppy became one of the first American poppies to cross the ocean to Europe.

The first botanical records of this plant come from the notes of Spanish botanists Mocino and Sesse, who discovered the species growing in the wilds of southern Mexico in 1789. The common name "zinnia" honors German botanist and professor Johann Gottfried Zinn, who was among the first to grow this species after it was discovered. Zinnias signify thoughts of an absent friend in the Victorian language of flowers.

This bright wildflower can be found in the western United States, springing up in dry and rocky locations because of its excellent drought tolerance. Its common name of "wooly sunflower" refers to the white, hairy surface of the leaves, which conserves moisture and reflects the heat of the sun. The genus name "Eriophyllum" comes from Greek words meaning "wooly leaf," while the species name "lanatum" means "covered with long wooly hair." Lewis and Clark first described this flower at Camp Chopunnish, documenting their find on the 6th of June, 1806, near Idaho's Clearwater River.

These unusual maroon blossoms are native to parts of northern Asia and Europe. It thrives in dry, sunny spots in open forests or on rocky slopes. Due to decreasing natural habitat and over-picking, this species has become threatened in some areas; it can be found on the Red List of endangered plants in Switzerland. The name "columbine" is derived from the Latin "columba," or dove, since an upside down columbine bloom looks like a circle of doves around a fountain. The Latin genus name "Aquilegia" means "eagle," a reference to the spikes on the back of the flower that resemble an eagle's talons.

In the early 1700s, French botanist Joseph Pitton de Tournefort and several colleagues made a research expedition to the many Mediterranean and Middle Eastern countries. His travels eventually took him to Turkey, where he traveled through the mountains with a large caravan. His botanical notes show that he found and collected seeds from this plant during this part of the journey. The genus name "Papaver" comes from the Latin word for "milk," referring to the white sap in the stem. The species name "orientale" refers to the plant's place of origin.

This beloved and well-known flower originally came from Europe, and rapidly spread to other continents because of its hardy, rapid growth; at one time, farmers in Scotland with too many daisies or "gools" in their fields had to pay a fine. In some states the Ox-Eye Daisy has been classified as invasive, and the sale of its seed is illegal in those regions. The species name Leucanthemum comes from ancient Greek words meaning simply "white flower." The poet Chaucer was the first to give this family of flowers the name "day's eye," because of their habit of opening in the morning and closing at night. A common saying of the era stated, "When you can put your foot on seven daisies, summer is come." In the language of flowers, daisies symbolize innocence, simplicity, and modesty.

This old-fashioned flower has a long history as both an ornamental garden plant and as an herb. When dried, the petals of Calendula flowers provide a culinary substitute for saffron; in times past, they were used to give a rich color to cheese or butter. Medicinal uses included treatments for measles and smallpox, as well as for dressing wounds on the battlefield. As well as being the traditional flower for October birthdays, calendula symbolizes sorrow and sympathy.

Because of their unique pattern of multicolored rings, these daisies have become very popular. Originally, this family of flowers grew in 15th century China as an herb; Europeans began cultivating them in the 17th century. This particular variety of tricolor daisy comes from the coasts of northern Africa, or what was formerly known as the Barbary Coast. The poet Chaucer was the first to give this family of flowers the name "day's eye," because of their habit of opening in the morning and closing at night. A common saying of the era stated, "When you can put your foot on seven daisies, summer is come." In the language of flowers, daisies symbolize innocence, simplicity, and modesty.

This nitrogen-fixing legume often grows in recently burned prairie soil, helping to rebuild the nutrients of the soil until slower growing plants have become established; it has also been used to provide erosion control on riverbanks, sandy slopes, or bluffs. Its seed pods attract many wild birds including partridges, explaining its common name of Partridge Pea. In addition to being a good source of nectar for honeybees, this plant is a larval host for Sulphur, Gray Hairstreak, Ceraunus Blue, and Sleepy Orange species of butterfly. Its sensitive foliage wilts slightly when touched or brushed against.

Pasque Flower bursts into bloom about a month earlier than most other native spring flowers, making it one of the earliest prairie plants to blossom. Its cold hardiness allows it to thrive as far north as the state of Alaska; the silky hairs on the stems and blossoms provide insulation from cold. "Pasque," which means "passion," refers to the plant's habit of blooming around the time of Easter. Its unusual flowers, which resemble European crocuses, caused early European immigrants to give it the common name of prairie crocus. Once established, pasque flower plants can live for 50 years with more blossoms in each year of growth.

In her book Wildflowers of the Pacific Coast, biologist Leslie Haskin describes Pearly Everlasting: "Each individual blossom is a delicate study in soft, pearly shades. The centre is yellow when in bloom, becoming brown with age, and the regular arrangement of the imbricates, parchment-like scales, which, shingle-like, surround each tiny bloom, is very interesting. The whole effect of the arrangement is like that of a half-opened white water-lily." Many Native American tribes used this native wildflower for a wide range of medicinal purposes. Most commonly, its flowers were used as a poultice for soreness, swelling, or burns. When dried, it also made tea or a tobacco substitute. Though not used medicinally today, this plant is often grown especially for its long lasting dried flowers. Often used in traditional dried flower arrangements, pearly everlasting keeps its texture and whiteness for years when dried.

Perennial Baby's Breath Seeds

Gypsophila paniculata

Size

Price

QUANTITY

XL Mylar Packet (~500 Seeds)

$2.50

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1/4 Oz Mylar (7.09g)

$4.80

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1 Oz Mylar (28.4g)

$6.00

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This dainty flower has become well-known for its role in the florists' industry as a filler in bouquets. The first known species of this plant were sent by botanist Johann Amman to Sir Hans Sloane, a renowned collector whose extensive treasury later became an important addition to London's Natural History Museum. The genus name "Gypsophila" means "lover of chalk," referring to the type of light, alkaline soil that this plant prefers. After blooming, this plant comes loose from its roots and tumbles in the wind to spread its seed; it has become rather invasive in some areas, and is classified as a noxious weed in several states.

The name Lupine comes from the Latin "lupus," meaning wolf. This refers to the folk belief that this plant took nutrients from the soil. Ironically, this plant actually improves the soil because of its nitrogen fixing abilities.

The first botanical records of this plant come from the notes of Spanish botanists Mocino and Sesse, who discovered the species growing in the wilds of southern Mexico in 1789. The common name "zinnia" honors German botanist and professor Johann Gottfried Zinn, who was among the first to grow this species after it was discovered. Zinnias signify thoughts of an absent friend in the Victorian language of flowers.

Though native to Mexico and Central America, these flowers spread to Europe with explorers and became popular as ornamental plants. Because of their beauty, they often adorned statues of Mary, resulting in the common name "Mary's gold." Gardeners often use this species as a companion plant for vegetables, since it prevents disease and harmful pests. The genus name "Tagetes" comes from Tages, an ancient deity who sprung up from the ground.The species name "patula" comes from the Latin word for "spreading wide," referring to the opening blossoms.

The bright blossoms of Pheasant's Eye once grew wild along roadsides and in meadows of Europe and Asia. The Latin name, Adonis, comes from the Greek myth that this flower first sprang up from drops of blood that fell from Adonis, who symbolizes beauty. This plant is now considered rare in most countries, even an endangered species in some parts of Europe. It can still be found occasionally on rocky slopes and wasteland. All parts of this plant are poisonous if ingested, and are especially dangerous to horses and other grazing animals.