NECESSITY,
FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 211.350 to 211.380 directs the cabinet to
regulate the construction, installation, or alteration of on-site sewage
disposal systems except for systems with a surface discharge. The purpose of
this administrative regulation is to establish minimum component standards
including design, construction, and materials specifications for on-site sewage
disposal systems in Kentucky in order to protect the public health.

Section 1.
Citation of Administrative Regulation. This administrative regulation may be
cited as the "Construction standards for components of on-site sewage
disposal systems."

Section 2.
Definitions. As used in this administrative regulation the following terms
shall have the meanings set forth below:

(1)
"Approved" means that which has been considered acceptable to the
cabinet.

(2)
"Cabinet" means the Cabinet for Human Resources and includes its
authorized agents.

(3)
"Component" means any device used in the construction, installation
or alteration of an on-site sewage disposal system which forms an integral part
of that system, and is necessary to its proper operation and maintenance. It
includes, but is not limited to:

(b) Distribution
boxes, alternating valves, filters, and similar devices; and

(c) Piping,
fittings, valves, and leaching chambers.

(4)
"Effluent" means the liquid discharge of a septic tank or other
sewage pretreatment unit.

(5)
"Gravelless pipe" means large diameter perforated piping designed for
use in lateral field trenches without the use of trench rock or gravel fill
material. Such pipe includes a mandatory overwrap or encasing of synthetic
filter material meeting specific criteria.

(6)
"Grease" means fats or oils of animal, vegetable, or mineral origin,
separately or in colloidal or dissolved states in combination with soaps,
detergents, and/or food particles.

(7) "Grease
trap" means a component designed to separate grease and its constituents
from the wastewater stream, provide for storage of separated grease, and
discharge the remaining wastewater for treatment.

(8)
"Lateral field" means the area in which the subsurface soil
absorption system is installed and is a general term for the system itself.

(9) "Low pressure
pipe system" means an on-site sewage disposal system consisting of a
sewage pretreatment unit, a dosing tank with pump(s) or siphon(s), a
pressurized supply line, manifold, and lateral lines, and necessary control
devices and appurtenances.

(10) "Leaching
chamber" means a specially designed component for use in lateral field
trenches or beds, with or without the use of trench rock or gravel fill
material, which forms an open bottomed chamber or cavern over the subsurface
soil absorption surface, and which interlocks with other such chambers to
obtain the necessary absorption surface area.

(11)
"On-site sewage disposal system" means a complete system installed on
a parcel of land, under the control or ownership of any person, which accepts
sewage for treatment and ultimate disposal under the surface of the ground. The
common terms "on-site sewage system" or "on-site system"
also have the same meaning. This definition includes, but is not limited to,
the following:

(a) A
conventional system consisting of a sewage pretreatment unit(s), distribution
box(es), and lateral piping within rock-filled trenches or beds;

(b) A modified
system consisting of a conventional system enhanced by shallower trench or bed
placement, artificial drainage systems, dosing, alternating lateral fields,
fill soil over the lateral field, or other necessary modifications to the site,
system or wasteload to overcome site limitations;

(c) An
alternative system consisting of a sewage pretreatment unit(s), necessary site
modifications, wasteload modifications, and a subsurface soil absorption system
using other methods and technologies than a conventional or modified system to
overcome site limitations;

(d) Cluster
systems which accept effluent from more than one (1) structure's or facility's
sewage pretreatment unit(s) and transport the collected effluent through a
sewer system to one (1) or more common subsurface soil absorption system(s) of
conventional, modified or alternative design; and

(e) A holding
tank which provides limited pretreatment and storage for off-site disposal
where site limitations preclude immediate installation of a subsurface soil
absorption system, or connection to a municipal sewer.

(13)
"Secretary" means the Secretary for the Cabinet for Human Resources.

(14)
"Sewage pretreatment unit" means a watertight sewage treatment
structure designed and constructed to receive raw sewage, separate solids from
liquids, digest organic matter through a period of retention, and allow
clarified effluent to discharge to a subsurface soil absorption system. Such
pretreatment units fall into three (3) basic categories:

(15)
"Subsurface soil absorption system" means that portion of an on-site
sewage disposal system which accepts effluent from a sewage pretreatment
unit(s) for further treatment by microbial, plant and animal life within the
soil, as well as treatment by filtration, chemical decomposition and bonding
within the soil itself, and consists of:

(a) Devices,
components, and piping to transport effluent under pressure or by gravity flow,
and distribute the effluent to the soil absorption surfaces;

(c) Rock, gravel,
or other fill materials required within the system, including barrier
materials, and fill soil within or over the system; and

(d) Artificial
drainage systems, and other necessary site or soil modifications.

Section 3.
Approval Procedures. (1) All commercial manufacturers and suppliers of
materials, components, and equipment designed or intended for use in the
construction of on-site sewage disposal systems shall obtain approval of such
materials, components, and equipment from the cabinet prior to their sale or
use in Kentucky. Such approval shall be based upon conformance to recognized
design, materials, construction, and performance standards of the National
Sanitation Foundation (NSF), the American Society for Testing and Materials
(ASTM), and the standards set forth in this administrative regulation.

(2)
Manufacturers, purveyors and suppliers of materials, components, and equipment
shall submit the following information, as applicable, to the cabinet in review
and consideration in the approval process:

(3) New or
experimental materials, components, or equipment shall be submitted for
approval as outlined in subsection (2) of this section and the following
additional requirements and restrictions shall apply:

(a) Those
materials, components, or equipment which consist of modifications to existing
approved products shall be considered for approval after demonstration, through
independent testing of the modifications, that improved performance, service
life, or ease of maintenance and operation results.

(b) Those
materials, components, or equipment which involve new or experimental
technologies relating to design, construction, or operational process shall be
considered for approval on a probationary basis. During the probationary period,
it shall be the responsibility of the person seeking approval of such product
to contract with an independent testing firm to provide monitoring of the
performance of the product in its intended usage. Such monitoring of the
product shall include documentation of the site conditions where the product is
installed, the waste load generated by the user and its constitution, and other
parameters deemed necessary by the cabinet. In the event that the product fails
to perform in an acceptable manner, it shall be the responsibility of the
person seeking its approval to replace the product with another product which
is approved by the cabinet for that particular use.

(c) Any
materials, components, or equipment which, in the opinion of the cabinet, meet
the requirements for approval after careful study and testing, as required,
shall be considered to be approved for use in Kentucky for the specific
purpose(s) intended. Such approval shall be made in writing to the person
requesting same and shall set forth any conditions or restrictions for the use
of the product when deemed necessary by the cabinet. Each product, so approved,
shall be listed by the cabinet on an "approved listing of materials,
components, and equipment," which shall be updated on a timely basis and
distributed to local health departments and other interested parties on
request.

Section 4.
Septic Tank Pretreatment Units. (1) Precast concrete.

(a) All precast
concrete septic tanks shall be designed and constructed so as to provide
sufficient rigidity and structural strength to prevent damage due to
hydrostatic water pressure and support vertical uniform loading of 150 lb./sq.
ft. on the top of the tank.

(b) A minimum
and product strength of 4,000 pound per square inch shall be used in the
construction of the tank.

(c) The top,
bottom, ends and sides of the tank shall have a minimum thickness of two and
one-half (2 1/2) inches.

(d) The tank
shall be reinforced by using a minimum reinforcing of six (6) inch No. 10 gauge
welded steel reinforcing wire lapped at least six (6) inches. Other reinforcing
methods may be used provided that such other methods can be demonstrated to the
satisfaction of the cabinet to be equal, or superior, to the method described
herein.

(e) The tank
shall be so designed and constructed that all joints, seams, or other openings
shall be watertight in use. Asphalt compounds, neoprene gaskets, or other
acceptable sealant materials shall be used to insure watertightness.

(f) At least two
(2) manholes shall be provided to permit access for maintenance of the tank.
Manholes shall have a minimum dimension of ten (10) inches and a maximum of
twenty-four (24) inches measured on the bottom edge of the manhole opening into
the tank. Manholes shall be located on each end of the tank over the inlet and
outlet structures (baffles or tees). The manhole openings shall be beveled so
as to adequately seal and support the manhole cover. The manhole cover shall
possess sufficient strength to support a uniform load of 150 lb./sq. ft.
without damage to the cover or tank and provide a means for removal (handles).

(g)
Cast-in-place baffles, at inlet and outlet ends of the tank have a minimum
thickness of two (2) inches and be reinforced in the same manner as the tank.
For cast-in-place baffles reinforcing wire into and along the tank side walls a
minimum of (6) inches for proper anchorage. For tanks using drop-in baffles, a
molded in slot or groove with a minimum one (1) inch penetration into the tank
side wall shall be provided to retain the baffle. Such slot or groove shall be
slightly tapered to produce a secured "wedge fit" baffle. For bolt-on
tee-type baffle structures, stainless steel bolts, washers and nuts shall be
used for anchorage. Such bolts shall be cast-in-place in the baffle or tank endwall
and securely anchored by attachment to tank or baffle reinforcing material. On
those tanks where baffle attachment bolts penetrate through the tank endwall
suitable bushings or seals shall be used to render bolt holes watertight.
Suitable sealants shall also be used on all baffle edges which contact the tank
endwall to prevent short-circuiting of tank contents.

(h) In lieu of
concrete baffles, sanitary tees or other baffle devices of corrosion resistant
materials (fiberglass, plastic) may be used as long as joints are properly
sealed, acceptable attachment methods are used, and the specified dimensions
above and below the liquid level of the tank are maintained.

(i) Internal
dimensions of the tank shall fall within plus or minus one (1) foot of the proportional
ratios of 2:1 to 3:1, the length being approximately two (2) to three (3) times
the width. The minimum liquid depth shall be thirty-four (34) inches with
maximum depth of fifty-four (54) inches. The inlet and outlet pipe knockouts or
holes shall be of sufficient diameter to accept a minimum four (4) inch
diameter pipe and shall be so designed as to provide a minimum height
difference of three (3) inches for the inlet pipe invert above the outlet pipe
invert. Inlet and outlet holes shall be so located on the ends of the tank as
to provide a minimum freeboard space of ten (10) inches to one (1) foot between
the liquid level and the inside top surface of the tank for scum storage. Both
inlet and outlet baffles or tees shall extend above the liquid level of the
tank to within at least two (2) inches but not less than one (1) inch of the
inside top surface of the tank to contain scum and provide venting space for
gases. Baffle designs which extend to the inside top of the tank may be used
provided that a slotted vent space of a minimum height of one (1) inch by four
(4) inches in width is located at the juncture of the baffle and tank top in
the center of the baffle. The inlet tee or baffle shall extend below the liquid
level between eight (8) to ten (10) inches, and the outlet baffle or tee shall
extend downward to thirty-five (35) to forty (40) percent of the total liquid
depth of the tank. When baffles are used, the distance between the outlet
baffle and tank endwall shall be between four (4) to six (6) inches, and the
distance between the inlet baffle and endwall shall be between six (6) to ten
(10) inches.

(j) All tanks
offered for sale or use in Kentucky shall bear, by imprint, stencil, or other
acceptable means of marking, the manufacturer's name, the serial number
assigned to the manufacturer's plans and specifications approved by the
cabinet, and the liquid or working capacity of the tank. This imprint, stencil,
or other marking shall be located to the right of the knockout or hole made for
the outlet pipe on the outlet end of the tank.

(2) Constructed
on site. Septic tanks constructed on site of cast-in-place concrete, or
concrete block shall be constructed to conform with the requirements in
subsection (1) of this section except as follows:

(b) Concrete
block septic tanks shall have a minimum wall thickness of at least eight (8)
inches when the design volume is less than 1,000 gallons and a minimum wall
thickness of at least ten (10) inches when the design volume is 1,000 gallons
or more. All septic tanks constructed of block shall be plastered on the inside
with a 1:3 mix (one (1) part cement, three (3) parts sand) of portland cement
at least three-eighths (3/8) inch thick or the equivalent using other approved
waterproofing material, and provided with acceptable reinforcing within all
walls.

(c) The bottom
and top of the constructed on site septic tank shall be poured reinforced
concrete with a minimum thickness of four (4) inches.

(3)
Prefabricated steel. Prefabricated steel septic tanks shall conform to the
requirements listed under subsection (1)(a), (e), (f), (h), (i) and (j) of this
section, in addition to the following:

(a) All
prefabricated steel tanks shall be thoroughly coated on all surfaces with a
minimum one-eighth (1/8) inch thick coating of liquid asphalt, mastic compound,
plastic waterproofing compound, or liquid cured vinyl. Each such septic tank
shall be accompanied on site delivery by a one-half (1/2) pint container of the
coating material for use in touchup coating of steel surfaces of the tank exposed
through damage in shipping and handling. If such volume is insufficient to
repair all damaged areas, additional coating material shall be secured by the
installer.

(4) Molded
plastic, fiberglass. Septic tanks of molded plastic, fiberglass, or other such
type of materials shall conform to the requirements listed under subsection
(1)(a), (e), (f), (h), (i) and (j) of this section, in addition to the
following: baffles, if used in lieu of sanitary tees, shall be molded or formed
in place so as to be an integral part of the tank. Glued, riveted, or otherwise
mechanically attached baffles are not permitted (solvent welding on plastic
tanks and resin bonding on fiberglass are acceptable). Such baffles shall be
formed of material equal in thickness and rigidity to the tank wall material.

(a) All
cast-in-place baffles, compartment walls, dividers, weirs, and other devices or
structural forms shall be a minimum thickness of two (2) inches and be
reinforced in the same manner as the tank. Such reinforcing material shall
extend into and along the tank side wall a minimum of six (6) inches.

(b) Baffles,
compartment walls, dividers, weirs, and other such devices or structural forms
that are not cast-in-place or may be of dissimilar materials to the tank shall
be of corrosion resistant materials, of sufficient structural strength and
anchorage to the tank to prevent damage or dislodgment in normal operation, and
where requiring routine maintenance, readily accessible through tank access
manholes.

(c) All manholes
providing access to mechanical or electrical components, chlorinating or other treatment
devices or filters shall be provided with risers extending to grade to allow
ready access for maintenance. Covers for such manholes or risers shall be
provided with locks or other devices to prevent entry by unauthorized persons.
On units which are intended to be installed flush with grade or above grade,
which are designed to have an open top, suitable gridding, decking, or other
such barriers to entry to the tank shall meet the 150 lb./sq. ft. support
strength requirements and shall be so designed and installed to prevent entry
to the tank or contact with its contents by unauthorized persons.

(2)
Prefabricated steel. All prefabricated steel tank aerobic pretreatment units
shall comply with the construction requirements listed in Section 4(1)(a), (e),
(f), (j), and (3)(a) of this administrative regulation, subsection (1)(b) and
(c) of this section, in addition to the following: coated steel,
welded-in-place or mechanically attached baffles, compartment walls, dividers,
weirs, and other devices or structural forms shall receive additional corrosion
protection materials or coatings when they are exposed directly through splash
or immersion on two (2) or more surfaces or sides to tank liquid contents.

(3) Molded
plastic, fiberglass. All molded plastic or fiberglass tank aerobic pretreatment
units shall comply with the construction requirements listed in Section
4(1)(a), (e), (f) and (j) of this administrative regulation, and subsection
(1)(b) and (c) of this section, in addition to the following: baffles,
compartment walls, dividers, weirs, and other such devices or structural forms,
if cast or molded in place, shall be formed of material equal in thickness and
rigidity to the tank material.

(a) All internal
or external piping or conduits and fittings necessary to the transport of tank
sewage contents between tank compartments, mechanical equipment, or other
components of the treatment process involved shall be of Schedule 40 PVC or ABS
plastic pipe. Mixing of PVC and ABS or other dissimilar plastic pipe or
fittings is prohibited.

(b) Mechanical
fittings and connections where used to connect PVC or ABS piping to equipment
or components shall be corrosion resistant and of a type, design, and
construction compatible for use with the type of pipe involved.

(c) Mechanical
aerators, stirrers, diffusers, rotating disks, and other devices used to
provide direct exposure of atmospheric air to tank sewage contents shall be
constructed of corrosion resistant materials and of sufficient structural
strength to withstand normal operating stresses without damage or deformation
resulting in system malfunction for the designed service life of the device.

(d) Pumps, electrical
motors, or other such devices shall be of sealed or submersible design and
construction when subject to submersion, splash, or corrosive atmosphere within
the aerobic pretreatment unit. Such pumps, motors, or other such devices shall
be properly sized and designed for the intended use and duty cycle.

(e) Filters,
chemical feeders, and other such devices shall be constructed of corrosion
resistant materials and possess sufficient strength to withstand normal
operational stresses without damage or deformation resulting in system
malfunction.

(f) Electrical
controls, switches, ozone generators, ultraviolet generators, and other such
devices relying upon electrical current for operation shall be designed and
constructed as to be water and corrosive vapor proof in all portions of the
device where electrical current carrying components are located. All such
devices shall be properly grounded and otherwise designed, constructed,
installed, and operated in accordance with National Electrical Code requirements.

(g) All
fasteners, brackets, clips, hangers, or other such devices used in the
anchorage, installation, mounting, or attachment of unit components and
equipment both internal or external to the aerobic pretreatment tank shall be
designed and constructed of materials possessing sufficient strength and
corrosion resistance to withstand normal operational stresses without damage or
deformation resulting in system malfunction.

(h) All
components of aerobic pretreatment units which require routine maintenance
shall be installed and located within the unit as to be readily accessible.
Such components which require replacement, removal, or dismantling for routine
maintenance shall be designed, constructed, and installed so as to facilitate
their replacement, removal, or dismantling with simple tools. A maintenance
instruction manual using pictures and simple language for identification of
unit components, maintenance to be performed, components needing routine
replacement, removal or dismantling procedures, maintenance interval, and
simple troubleshooting procedures shall be included with all units. Such manual
shall be provided to the ultimate operator or user of the unit. When aerobic
pretreatment units are to be installed by other persons, rather than the manufacturer
or his agents, a detailed installation manual shall be supplied outlining
proper installation procedures including hookup to an electrical power source,
unit start-up procedures, and necessary adjustments or calibrations to be made
to meet manufacturer's operating specifications for effluent quality.

Section 6.
Dosing and Holding Tanks. (1) All dosing and holding tanks shall comply with
the general construction requirements listed in Section 4 of this
administrative regulation for septic tanks, based upon the type of material
used in their construction, in addition to the following:

(a) Access
manholes for dosing or holding tanks shall be extended to grade through the use
of suitable risers to permit ease of access for maintenance and pumping.

(b) Such
manholes in dosing and holding tanks shall provide a minimum opening of
eighteen (18) inches by eighteen (18) inches into the tank. Manhole riser lids
or covers shall be designed and constructed so as to be watertight and, through
the use of locks, locking devices, or other means, prevent access to the tank
by unauthorized persons.

(c) All dosing
or holding tanks, due to their frequently empty or partially filled condition,
shall be designed or installed (using suitable anchoring devices or antiflotation
devices) to prevent flotation or vertical shifting due to ground water
pressure.

(2) All dosing
and holding tank equipment, controls, and appurtenances shall comply, where
applicable, with the requirements of Section 5(4)(a), (b), (d), (f), (g) and
(h) of this administrative regulation, in addition to the following:

(a) High water
alarms, including an audible or visible alarm system within the structure
served by the dosing or holding tank, shall be installed in such tanks and
calibrated to activate an alarm whenever the tank liquid level reaches
eighty-five (85) percent of capacity. Such alarms shall be connected to a
separate electrical circuit, and visible systems shall be located in an area of
high pedestrian traffic.

(b) When pumps
are used for dosing effluent into the lateral field or are used for lifting
effluent to a lateral field above the elevation of the dosing tank,
electrically operated mercury float switch controls shall be provided to permit
automatic operation of such pumps. Manually operated pump controls are not
permitted. When pumps are used, they shall be installed in an elevated position
in respect to the tank bottom, by placement on stands designed for such
purpose, concrete blocks, or through the use of suitable hangers to allow for
sludge storage space and prolong service life of the pumps. Elevation distance
from the tank bottom shall be a minimum of eight (8) inches.

(c) In lieu of
pumps, automatic dosing siphons may be used for lateral field dosing where a
suitable downhill gradient exists from the elevation of the siphon to the
lateral field.

Section 7.
Grease Traps. (1) All grease traps shall comply with the general construction
requirements listed in Section 4 of this administrative regulation for septic
tanks, based upon the type of material used in their construction, in addition
to the following:

(a) Inlet
baffle, sanitary tee or baffle device shall extend two (2) to no more than four
(4) inches below the liquid level of the trap;

(b) Outlet
baffle, sanitary tee or baffle device shall extend downward to eighty (80)
percent of the total liquid depth of the trap;

(d) Grease traps
are exempted from the 2:1 to 3:1 length to width ratio requirements in Section
4 of this administrative regulation; and

(e) A manhole or
manholes shall be provided on each grease trap to allow free access for
servicing all areas of the trap. Such manhole(s) shall have a minimum dimension
of eighteen (18) inches measured at the bottom edge of the manhole opening into
the trap, and manhole risers shall be used to extend the manhole(s) to grade.

Section 8.
Distribution Devices. (1) Precast concrete.

(a) All precast
concrete distribution boxes shall be designed and constructed to provide
sufficient strength and structural integrity to withstand a vertical uniform
load of 150 lb./sq. ft. on the top of the box.

(b) A minimum
end product strength of 4,000 pounds per square inch shall be used in the
construction of the box and lid.

(c) A minimum
wall thickness of one and one-half (1 1/2) inches shall be used in the
construction of distribution box bottoms, side walls, and lids and shall be
reinforced by a minimum No. 10 gauge six (6) inch by six (6) inch welded steel
reinforcing wire, or equivalents, as approved by the cabinet.

(d) Distribution
box lids or covers shall meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of this
subsection and shall be provided with suitable handles for removal.

(e) Knockouts or
holes for inlet and outlet piping shall be of sufficient diameter to accept
four (4) inch diameter piping but no more than five (5) inches in diameter at
the inside surface of the box.

(f) All
distribution devices offered for sale or use in Kentucky shall bear, by
imprint, stencil, or other acceptable means of marking, the manufacturer's name
and the serial number assigned to the manufacturer's plans and specifications
approved by the cabinet. This imprint, stencil, or other marking shall be
located on the inlet end of the device. Low pressure pipe manifolds shall meet
the identification requirements for plastic piping in Section 9 of this
administrative regulation.

(2) Molded
plastic and fiberglass. Molded plastic or fiberglass distribution boxes shall
be designed and constructed to meet the requirements listed in subsection
(1)(a), (d), (e) and (f) of this section.

(3) Equal flow
and level type design standards.

(a) Outlet holes
or knockouts in equal flow and level boxes shall be spaced a minimum of seven
(7) inches on centers to permit access for application of waterproofing
sealants around lateral piping and the external surface of the box side wall or
endwall. When plastic or neoprene connectors are cast into the box, this
requirement may be waived. Outlet holes or knockouts shall be located a minimum
distance of six (6) inches on centers, on a single plane, above the inside
bottom surface of the box and a minimum of three (3) inches on centers from
adjacent side walls in the outlet portion of the box. At the inlet portion of
equal flow boxes a minimum distance of eight (8) inches on centers shall be
maintained between outlet holes and the side wall or endwall to allow for the
placement of a baffle to retard incoming effluent velocity.

(b) Centerline
of the inlet hole or knockout shall be a minimum distance of one and one-half
(1 1/2) inches to a maximum of three (3) inches above the centerline of the
outlets.

(c) All equal
flow boxes shall be provided with a baffle on the inlet end of the box. A
double flange, molded or cast-in slot, or other acceptable means to retain the
baffle in place shall be provided. Baffle material and construction shall be
equal to that used in the box itself. Baffles and their mounts or retainers
shall be so designed as to provide a passageway for effluent between the box
bottom and bottom edge of the baffle of no more than two (2) inches in height.
The baffle shall extend to one (1) inch above the top of the inlet.

(d) Equal flow
boxes shall be designed so as to provide unobstructed access, on removal of the
lid or top, for direct, simultaneous viewing of all outlets to facilitate the
performance of "water leveling" procedures during installation.

(4) Hillside or
drop box type design standards.

(a) Lateral outlet
holes or knockouts shall be located a minimum of two and one-half (2 1/2)
inches on centers, on a single plane above the inside bottom surface of the
box, and a minimum of three (3) inches on centers from adjacent side walls.

(b) Centerline
of the inlet hole or knockout shall be a minimum of five (5) inches above the
centerline of the lateral outlets and a minimum of one (1) inch above the
centerline of the supply line outlet going to the next box in series.

(c) Hillside or
drop boxes shall be designed so as to provide sufficient separation distance
(twelve (12) inches or greater recommended) between the inlet side wall and
supply line outlet side wall to minimize the risk of short-circuiting of
effluent under heavy flow conditions or on steep hillsides where gradient
induced flow velocity is created. In lieu of this requirement, box designs
offsetting the vertical centerlines of inlets and supply line outlets or other
acceptable means, may be employed.

(a) Alternating
valves and devices shall meet the general design and construction standards
listed in subsection (1)(a) and (d) of this section, and if constructed of
precast concrete, subsection (1)(b) and (c) of this section as well.

(b) All
alternating valves and devices shall be designed and constructed to provide a
positive seal to each outlet when in a closed position. The valving device
shall be constructed of corrosion resistant materials and of sufficient
strength to withstand normal operational stresses without damage or deformation
resulting in valve malfunction.

(c) All
alternating valves and devices shall be fitted with risers and watertight lids
or covers, extending to grade, which will permit unobstructed access for
maintenance, inspection, and operation.

(a) All
nonperforated piping used for gravity flow carriage of effluent between septic
tanks in series, septic tanks or other pretreatment units and distribution or
alternating devices, and for two (2) feet into lateral trenches or beds from
distribution devices shall be at least SDR 35 ASTM-D3034 and D3033 for PVC and
ASTM-D2751 for ABS. 1,500 lb. crush ASTM-F810 for polyethylene may be used
between distribution devices and lateral trenches or beds.

(b) All such
nonperforated piping shall be of a minimum internal diameter of four (4)
inches, except that such piping used between distribution devices and lateral
trenches or beds may be reduced to a minimum internal diameter of two (2)
inches with the use of approved reducer coupler fittings.

(c) Each
standard section of pipe as supplied by the manufacturer shall be plainly
marked, embossed, or engraved showing the manufacturer's name or hallmark, the
SDR 35 ASTM D3034, D3033, or D2751, 1,500 lb. crush ASTM-F810 designation, and
the type of pipe material (PVC, ABS, or polyethylene).

(2)
Nonperforated pipe - pressure usage.

(a) All
nonperforated piping used for pressurized carriage of effluent between dosing
or pumping and distribution or alternating devices shall be of at least 160 psi
PVC or ABS.

(b) 160 psi
polyethylene pipe or equivalent may be used in all applications listed above in
lieu of PVC or ABS piping, except in the construction of any portion of a low
pressure pipe (LPP) system where PVC or ABS pipe shall be required.

(c) Each
standard section of pipe as supplied by the manufacturer, or in the case of
polyethylene or equivalent piping rolls at not greater than ten (10) foot
intervals, shall be plainly marked, embossed, or engraved showing the
manufacturer's name or hallmark, the 160 psi designation, and the type of pipe
material.

(d) All such
pipe used on an individual low pressure pipe (LPP) system installation shall be
of the same type of material - mixing of PVC, ABS, polyethylene, or other
equivalent piping is prohibited.

(3) Perforated
pipe - gravity flow usage.

(a) All
perforated pipe used for gravity flow carriage and distribution of effluent
within lateral trenches, beds, mounds, or other such applications shall meet
1,500 lb. crush ASTM-F810 standards for rigid piping and ASTM-F405 for
corrugated semirigid piping.

(b) Each
standard section of pipe as supplied by the manufacturer shall be plainly
marked, embossed, or engraved showing the manufacturer's name or hallmark, the
type of pipe material, and showing the product meets applicable ASTM standards
and a bearing load of 1,500 lbs., per foot. In addition, a painted or other
clearly marked line or spot shall be marked on each section to denote the top
of the pipe.

(c) All such
gravity flow usage perforated pipe shall have a minimum internal diameter of
two (2) inches.

(d) On two (2)
inch or three (3) inch diameter pipe: if one (1) row of holes is use, it shall
be located directly opposite the top marking on the pipe and holes shall be a
minimum one-fourth (1/4) inch in diameter; if two (2) rows of holes are used,
they shall be one-quarter (1/4) inch to five-sixteenths (5/16) inch in
diameter, and evenly spaced and placed within an arc of 120 degrees on the
bottom of the pipe. Spacing of holes longitudinally shall be between twelve
(12) inches to five (5) feet on centers.

(e) All four (4)
inch diameter or greater pipe shall have at least two (2) rows of holes
five-sixteenths (5/16) to one-half (1/2) inch in diameter, evenly spaced and
placed within an arc of 120 degrees on the bottom of the pipe. If three (3)
holes are used, the center row shall be directly opposite the top marking.
Spacing of holes longitudinally shall be between three (3) to twelve (12)
inches on centers.

(b) Each
standard section of pipe as supplied by the manufacturer shall be plainly
marked, embossed, or engraved showing the manufacturer's name or hallmark, the
type of pipe material, and showing the product meets ASTM F667. In addition, a
painted or other clearly marked line shall be placed on each section to denote
the top of the pipe.

(c) All
gravelless piping shall be encased, at the point of manufacturer, with a spun
bonded nylon filter wrap, or equivalent, meeting or exceeding the performance
criteria below:

Physical Properties

Nominal

Values

Minimum Values

Weight, oz./sq.yd.
(ASTM D3776-79)

0.85

0.75

Thickness, Mils
(ASTM D1777-64/1975)

5.4

4.4

Fiber size, denier
per filament (dpf)

4.7

4.1

Grab Strength, lbs.
(ASTM D1682-64/1975)

Machine direction

Transverse
direction

26

18

19

11

Burst strength, psi
(ASTM D231-62/1975)

36

26

Air permeability,cfm/sq.ft.
(ASTM D737-75/1980)

700

500

Water flow rate

500 gpm/sq.ft. @ 3" Head

Specific gravity

1.0 - 1.3

Temperature
resistance (ASTM D648)

425°F

Surface reaction to
water

Hydrophilic

Fiber length

Continuous

(d) Gravelless
pipe hole placement and diameter shall be as follows: holes shall be cleanly
drilled and be placed in two (2) rows spaced 120 degrees apart along the bottom
half of the pipe and 120 degrees from the top stripe to either row. Hole size
shall be between five-sixteenths (5/16) inch to one-half (1/2) inch in
diameter, and holes shall be placed only in corrugation "valleys,"
not on the crown or in the corrugation sidewall.

(e) All
gravelless piping and encasing filter wrap shall be further encased, at the
point of manufacture, within a plastic shipping and storage bag of sufficient
burst strength, tear resistance and opacity, to prevent physical damage and
ultraviolet radiation deterioration of the filter wrap.

(f) The
manufacturer shall also make available suitable wide-width plastic tape for
sealing of pipe section and fitting joints.

(a) Pipe used
for pressure carriage and distribution of effluent within lateral trenches,
beds, mounds, or other low pressure pipe (LPP) applications shall be of at
least 160 psi PVC or ABS construction. Deep hub water line type pipe shall be
used.

(b) Pipe shall
meet the requirements listed under subsection (2)(c) and (d) of this section.

(c) Minimum pipe
internal diameter shall be determined on a case-by-case basis, based upon
system size, configuration, and other factors necessary in the design of a low
pressure pipe system. In no case shall the internal diameter be less than one
(1) inch.

(d) Pipe
perforations shall run in a straight line along the bottom of the pipe. Where
preperforated pipe is unavailable, perforations shall be hand-drilled, and
deburred. Hole diameters and hole spacing shall be determined on a case-by-case
basis relative to design requirements of the low pressure pipe system. Hole
sizes may range from 5/32 to one-fourth (1/4) inch in diameter, and hole
spacing form three (3) to eight (8) feet depending on design requirements.

(7) Fittings and
connectors.

(a) Piping
elbows, tees, wyes, reducers, end caps, plugs, connectors, and other such
fittings shall be designed and constructed for the intended use.

(b) Fittings and
connectors shall be formed of materials compatible with the piping to which
they are joined and meet the same standards as that piping. Mixing of different
pipe and fitting materials except when expressly designed and constructed for
such purpose is prohibited.

(c) Joints
formed between fittings, connectors, and/or piping shall be rigid and watertight
and shall be made by the methods (solvent welding, chemical fusion, mechanical
compression, etc.) applicable to the materials joined.

Section 10.
Leaching Chambers. (1) All leaching chambers shall comply with the general
construction requirements listed in Section 4 of this administrative regulation
for septic tanks, based upon the type of material used in their construction,
in addition to the following:

(a) Metal
leaching chambers are prohibited;

(b) All leaching
chambers shall be designed and constructed to support vertical uniform loading
of 600 lb./sq.ft. on the top of the chamber without damage or permanent
deformation;

(c) All leaching
chambers shall be designed and constructed to provide ports, slots, holes or
other similar openings on sidewalls to allow air movement and effluent access
to lateral field trench or bed sidewall absorption surfaces;

(d) All leaching
chambers shall be designed and constructed to be interlocking to allow serial
installation of chambers, and be provided with acceptable end plates, caps or
other necessary fittings and connectors;

(e) All leaching
chambers shall be provided with at least one (1) inspection port of a minimum
internal dimension of six (6) inches centrally located in the top of the
chamber; and

(f) All such
chambers offered for sale or use in Kentucky shall bear, by imprint, stencil,
or other acceptable means of marking, the manufacturer's name and the serial
number assigned to the manufacturer's plans and specifications approved by the
cabinet. This imprint, stencil, or other marking shall be located beside the
observation port.

(a) River gravel
or crushed dolomitic limestone shall be used for bedding and trench fill material
for conventional gravity flow lateral lines. Foreign matter, dust, and fines
shall be removed. Such material shall be of sufficient hardness to attain a
three (3) on the Moh's Scale (material hard enough to scratch a copper penny
without crumbling or powdering shall be considered acceptable). Such material
shall conform to the sizing standards and specifications of the Kentucky
Transportation Cabinet for No. 2, No. 23, and No. 4 coarse aggregates, except
that other grades may be used if they are in conformance with the general
requirements of this paragraph and are acceptable to the cabinet. A size range
of three-quarters (3/4) inch to two and one-half (2 1/2) inches in rough
diameter shall be used, and material shall be graded for uniformity in size.

(b) Other
materials such as blast furnace slag may be considered for usage if such
materials can meet or exceed all of the requirements of paragraph (a) of this
subsection.

(c) Pea gravel
of a minimum one-fourth (1/4) inch diameter shall be used for bedding and
trench fill material for low pressure pipe systems. River gravel or crushed
limestone may also be used if washed and screened to a uniform size range of
three-fourths (3/4) inch to one and one-half (1 1/2) inch.

(d) Graded sands
used for the construction of mound systems or filter units shall be sized
according to the design requirements of the system or unit involved.

(e) Crushed
rock, gravel, pea gravel, sand, or other such materials meeting the
requirements of this section for use as trench fill, lateral bedding material,
mound fill, or filter material may be used, as applicable, in the construction
of curtain, vertical, and underdrain ground water drainage systems.

(2) Trench
barrier material.

(a) Straw or
synthetic filter fabrics shall be used in all lateral trenches, beds, mounds,
subsurface sand filters, or ground water drainage systems to provide a barrier
to the entrance of soil backfill into the rock, gravel, pea gravel, or sand
fill in such trenches, beds, mounds, filters, or drainage systems.

(b) Other
similar materials may be considered for such usage provided that they can be
demonstrated to perform in an equivalent manner with the above and do not
restrict air movement within the trench, bed, mound, filter, or drainage
system. (12 Ky.R. 1457; eff. 3-4-86; Am. 15 Ky.R. 619; eff. 9-21-88.)