The National Disaster Management Authority

The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), headed by the Prime Minister of India, is the Apex Body for Disaster Management in India. The setting up of the NDMA and the creation of an enabling environment for institutional mechanisms at the State and District levels is mandated by the Disaster Management Act, 2005. Contents

Evolution of NDMAEmergence of an organization is always an evolutionary process. Establishment of NDMA has also gone through the same processes. Towards this aim, the Government of India (GOI), in recognition of the importance of Disaster Management as a national priority, has set up a High-Powered Committee (HPC) in August 1999 and also a nation committee after the 2001 Gujarat earthquake, for making recommendations on the preparation of Disaster Management plans and suggestion effective mitigation mechanisms. The Tenth Five-Year Plan Document also had, for the first time, a detailed chapter on Disaster Management. Similarly, the Twelfth Finance Commission of India was also mandated to review the financial arrangements for Disaster Management. On 23 December 2005, the Government of India enacted the Disaster Management Act, which envisaged the creation of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), headed by the Prime Minister of India, and State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) headed by respective Chief Ministers of the States, to spearhead and implement a holistic and integrated approach to Disaster Management in India. Roles and Responsibilities

NDMA as the apex body is mandated to lay down the policies, plans and guidelines for Disaster Management to ensure timely and effective response to disasters. Towards this, it has the following responsibilities:- •Lay down policies on disaster management;

•Approve the National Plan;
•Approve plans prepared by the Ministries or Departments of...

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...following are the implementation agencies under the NationalDisasterManagement policy:
NationalDisasterManagementAuthority (NDMA):
The NDMA, as the apex body for disastermanagement, is headed by the Prime Minister and has the responsibility for laying down policies, plans and guidelines for DM and coordinating their enforcement and implementation for ensuring timely and effective response to disasters. The guidelines assist the Central Ministries, Departments and States to formulate their respective DM plans. It approves the NationalDisasterManagement Plans and DM plans of the Central Ministries/Departments. It takes such other measures, as it may consider necessary, for the prevention of disasters, or mitigation, or preparedness and capacity building, for dealing with a threatening disaster situation or disaster. Central Ministries/Departments and State Governments extend necessary cooperation and assistance to NDMA for carrying out its mandate. It has to oversee the provision and application of funds for mitigation and preparedness measures. NDMA has the power to authorize the Departments or authorities concerned, to make emergency procurement of provisions or materials for rescue and relief in a threatening...

...Develop for yourself a working definition of disasters from a community perspective.
According to the DisasterManagement Act 2003,
A disaster is a serious disruption in a community, caused by the impact of an event that requires a significant coordinated response by the State and other entities to help the community recover from the disruption.
Serious disruption means—
(a) loss of human life, or illness or injury to humans; or
(b) widespread or severe property loss or damage; or
(c) widespread or severe damage to the environment. (DisasterManagement Act , 2003)
Disaster from a community perspective in my understanding is a severe distraction to the community which causes or intimidate loss or injury in the society, and damage to possessions and environment which is beyond the limit of everyday capability which requires extraordinary coordinated response and mobilisation by state / federal government and other community organisation of resources to help recover from distraction or disturbance.
Expressed as Hazard + Vulnerability / Capacity = Disaster. (DisasterManagement)
It can be understood and studied on a wide perceptive, focus multidisciplinary responses which focus on health related issues and consequences of disaster. It involves three essential areas:
risk management and emergency;...

...DisasterManagement
A Disaster can be
defined as:
A sudden accident or
natural event that
causes loss of life.
The biggest problem
with the disasters is the
suddenness and
swiftness with which
they arrive.
Disasters whether natural or
man-made can strike at any time.
The general response to a
disaster is in terms of relief and
rescue operations.
If we are adequately prepared, its
possible to severely reduce the
impact of a disaster.
The impact can be reduced
through a good understanding of
preventive actions.
Types of Natural Disasters
Hurricane
Tornado
Lightning
Tsunami
Avalanche
DisasterManagement Cycle
 Response:
Actions taken to
save lives or property damage.
Recovery: Actions that assist
a community to return to a
sense of normalcy after a
disaster.
 Mitigation: Reduces the
chance of a hazard taking place.
 Preparedness: Plans made to
save lives or property.
...

...﻿DISASTERMANAGEMENT CYCLE
The disaster cycle or the disaster life cycle consists of the steps that emergency managers take in planning for and responding to disasters. Each step in the disaster cycle correlates to part of the ongoing cycle that is emergency management. This disaster cycle is used throughout the emergency management community, from the local to the national and international levels.
Preparedness
The first step of the disaster cycle is usually considered to be preparedness although one could start at any point in the cycle and return to that point before, during, or after a disaster. For the sake of understanding, we will start with preparedness. Prior to a disaster’s occurrence, emergency manager will plan for various disasters which could strike within the area of responsibility. For instance, a typical city located along a river would need to plan for not only flooding but also hazardous material accidents, large fires, extreme weather (perhaps tornadoes, hurricanes, and/or snowstorms), geologic hazards (perhaps earthquakes, tsunamis, and/or volcanoes), and other applicable hazards. The emergency manager learns about past disasters and current potential hazards and then begins to collaborate with other officials to write a disaster plan for the...

...Focus
Reassessing India’s
DisasterManagement
Preparedness and
the Role of the Indian
Armed Forces
Shivananda H. and P.K. Gautam*
In recent years, the intensity of the occurrence of natural disasters has increased
manifold. Responding to this, the Government of India has undertaken various
measures to mitigate the impact of disasters. Even so, the response of the civil
authorities is often found inadequate and the armed forces are called out to
assist the civil administration. The armed forces never fail to respond in a
prompt manner, but without proper data on various local resources, skills,
essential services and equipment. Hence, there is a dire need of the armed
forces to be trained in the field of disastermanagement to deal with disasters
of various types.
Introduction
The vulnerability of mankind to disasters of various types has increased
considerably all over the world. It has posed new and unconventional challenges
to the nations and even compelled the policymakers to redefine the concept of
security. In such an evolving environment, the concept of disastermanagement
has gained much significance. After Japan was hit by the tsunami on March 11,
2011 followed by the nuclear disaster at the Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant
that resulted in the loss of valuable lives...

...Introduction
Various disasters like earthquake, landslides, volcanic eruptions, fires, flood and cyclones are natural hazards that kill thousands of people and destroy billions of dollars of habitat and property each year. The rapid growth of the world's population and its increased concentration often in hazardous environment has escalated both the frequency and severity of natural disasters.
Asia tops the list of casualties due to natural disaster. Among various natural hazards, earthquakes, landslides, floods and cyclones are the major disasters adversely affecting very large areas and population in the Indian sub-continent.
These natural disasters are of (i) geophysical origin such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides and (ii) climatic origin such as drought, flood, cyclone, locust, forest fire. Though it may not be feasible to control nature and to stop the development of natural phenomena but the efforts could be made to avoid disasters and alleviate their effects on human lives, infrastructure and property.
All countries face increased risk from a full range of known and previously unknown hazards and disaster consequences which are have great adverse effects on populations and environments. Governments pass legislations and take action to prepare for and mitigate the effects of these natural, technological and intentional hazards. Despite even the best...

...natural disasters inflict on vulnerable communities around the world. Over the recent decades there has been an alarming increase in the occurrence of natural disasters and the magnitude of their social, economic and environmental impacts. This extensive damage to lives, property and livelihood of the affected communities has turned back the development clock of the areas by decades.
India with its vast population &amp; unique geo-physical characteristics is one of the world’s most ‘disaster-prone’ countries. Natural hazards such as cyclones, earthquakes, drought, floods or landslides occur in different parts of India in varying intensity. Incalculable emotional, economical and ecological toll of Malpa landslide of 1998, Orissa Super Cyclone of October 1999, Gujrat Earthquake of 2001, monstrous Tsunami hitting India in December 2004, etc still haunt us.
While we cannot prevent hazards form happening, we can certainly reduce its intensity, impact and magnitude of destruction through individual and collective actions to spread knowledge/awareness about its causes-effects and adequate mitigation and preparedness measures. Knowing about the areas that are most likely to be hit by hazards is the first step towards preparedness.
DisasterManagement involves the range of activities designed to mitigate the effects of disasters and emergency situations and to provide a framework for helping...

...CHAPTER 1
GURGAON DISTRICT PROFILE
1. Introduction
The primary requirement for making disastermanagement plan is the reliable and upto date information about topography and socio- economic and climatic conditions of this region. This will help in identifying the areas vulnerable to environmental and manmade hazards. This chapter deals with the information on geographical aspects of Gurgaon district, its area, population distribution, climatic condition, physiographic divisions as well as geology of the district. History of problem prone activities in Gurgaon has also been mentioned to depict the picture, as to how, the district is prone to different kinds of hazards like earthquakes, flood, serial bomb blasts, industrial disasters, fire etc. Information on Socio-economic programmes e.g. literacy rate, education facility and public welfare schemes of the district are also mentioned here to show the central stage that Gurgaon has already occupied in the state called Haryana one of the most vibrant states of India.
1.1 The Need for district disastermanagement plan:
Gurgaon is the sixth largest city of Haryana State. For the last two decades, it has been on the faster pace of the development. And emerged as the industrial and financial hub of Haryana. Hazard Risk in Gurgaon are further compounded by increasing vulnerabilities related to the high population growth, rapid-urbanization, increasing...