非營利社會福利團體倡導行動的新規制---遊說法的實施及影響

By 韓意慈

Abstract

[[abstract]]非營利社會福利團體倡導行動的新規制：遊說法的實施及影響 我國於2008 年8 月實施的遊說法，被視為陽光法案之一，禁止民間營利及非營利 團體，對行政或立法部門遊說過程中的不當利益輸送，並規範遊說的申請以使遊說活動 透明化。然而，民間團體卻批評此法實務上對於公開活動的公益團體多所限制、動輒得 咎，反而無法防堵利益團體的暗盤利益輸送。本計畫之關切主軸，在於遊說法實施後， 組織之資源是否更深化社福團體在倡導行動上之不平等；亦即相較於資源較多之營利或 非營利組織，遊說法是否更不利於資源稀少的小型非營利組織進行遊說與倡導行動。據 此，本研究試圖透過三年的研究期程，由文獻及實證角度探討遊說法實施對非營利社會 福利團體的影響。研究期程之第一年預計透過質性訪談方法，深入瞭解非營利社會福利 團體工作人員關於遊說法的執行經驗與看法；第二年透過調查研究方法，針對150 個大 台北地區曾進行倡導活動的社福團體，探討組織的資源特性、與遊說法實施前後的倡導 經驗之相關性；第三年預計選擇一個遊說案例為主軸，同時探討與比較非營利與營利團 體的遊說經驗。研究成果期能提出對遊說法執行與修法之建言，並建構台灣第三部門的 本土化實證資料。
The New Regulation of Advocacy for Nonprofit Social Welfare Organizations: Implementation and Impacts of Lobbying Act Implemented on August, 2008, the Lobbying Act is one of “sunshine law” which prohibits nonprofit and for-profit organizations from disclosed collectively corrupts and ensures information of lobbying activity open to the public. However, nonprofit organizations argue the requirements of the act, such as responsibility of registration and reporting during the lobbying process, and limitation of lobbying purpose, would increase considerable costs for organizations working for public interest; meanwhile, little impacts would be imposed on for-profit interest groups meant to be regulated by the public. This proposal concerns whether the act will not favor nonprofit organizations with few resources in conducting lobbying and advocacy activities. A grant with 3-year research plan is purposed to investigate the impacts of Lobbying Act on nonprofit social welfare organizations. First, this research will apply in-depth interviews for managers and staffs who were in charge on the advocacy activities regarding Lobbying Act. Second, experiences and perspectives of the selected organizations will be analyzed and designed as a survey questionnaire. This research will then conduct a survey study for about 150 nonprofit organizations. Third, to understand different impacts of Lobbying Act on nonprofit and for-profit organizations, third stage of this research will focus on a single policy advocacy process with both organizations to compare their efforts and policy results. Findings of this research grant are expected to provide suggestions for Lobbying Act revisions and to enrich nonprofit research database in Taiwan