4 Crucial Strategies You Need When Investing for Retirement

While there are a variety of investment options available to everyone, an astute investor must practice good fundamentals to control risks and optimize potential returns, including taking the time to be informed. As stated by Peter Lynch, renowned manager of the Fidelity Magellan Fund from 1977 to 1990 who beat the S&P 500 index 11 of 13 years, “Investing without research is like playing stud poker without looking at the cards.”

As you build your portfolio for retirement, it is crucial to keep several principles in mind.

Investing Principles for Retirement

1. Manage Your Risks

Warren Buffett, the “Sage of Omaha” often credited as the “Greatest Investor of All Time,” supposedly had two rules: “Rule number one: Never lose money. Rule number two: Never forget rule number one.”

It has been generally accepted that investments with higher returns involve the assumption of greater risk. Logically, you want to balance risk and reward. Unless you are a diehard gambler, you probably do not want a portfolio that is all or nothing (all assets in the high-risk, high-reward category) or, even worse, assets that have high risk, but low potential reward.

Fortunately, stock market analysts and theorists have conducted numerous studies to better understand the correlation between risk and reward in attempts to minimize risks and maximize returns within portfolios. As you select your investments, be aware of the beta and R-squared values, two measures that compare the investment to a commonly accepted market index (T-bills for bonds; S&P 500 for equities) and can help you better balance risk.

Beta is a measure of volatility – how the asset will move in comparison to the market; a 1.2 beta means that the asset will move 20% more than the market up or down, a 0.75 beta means it will move only three-quarters as much as the market. As you grow older, you should seek to have an average beta of 1.0 or less, thereby reducing the volatility of your portfolio and the likelihood of an extraordinary loss.

R-squared is the measure of correlation between a portfolio and an index. A high rating (80%-plus) indicates that the fund will benefit or lose significantly as the index moves; a low R-squared rating is an indication that there is less correlation. In practical terms, if you are paying fees and commissions to a mutual fund manager for a fund with a R-squared rating near 1.0, you should consider liquidating the fund and investing the proceeds in the index, capturing the same return as before plus the fees and commissions which you previously paid.