Given the assumption of steady participation rates by older Minnesotans there will be only an average increase in Minnesota’s workforce of around 600 per year for the next 15 years or about 7 new workers per county (Steve Hine, p 3)

Even after correcting for age of completion, education level, major and graduation period, there is still evidence of race and gender-related differences in earnings (Alessia Leibert, p 32).

Two years after graduation wage disparities within the same major are very pronounced between white and ALANA workers, especially in construction or engineering (Alessia Leibert, p 34).

There are racial differences in degree completion with blacks completing later than other groups, thereby reducing their long term earning period (Alessia Leibert, p 36).

After graduation, racial minorities are more likely to work in lower-wage industries unrelated to their degree. This is particularly true for blacks (Alessia Leibert, p 36).

For those who graduate after age 30, minorities especially blacks tend to have lower incomes before completing school putting pressure on their academic success and how selective they can be in their job search after graduation (Alessia Leibert, p 36).

Whites had a higher share of high wage jobs relative to their share of total jobs. The opposite was the case for ALANA workers with large percentage of the population in low wage jobs (Dave Senf, p 13).

CHAI.NEWS

While the rate of growth of ALANA firms (number, sales, jobs, payroll) is higher than other firms, they share of total sales has consistently been at around 1 percent of total sales over the period 2007-12 indicating stunted growth (Bruce Corrie , Minnesota Business Magazine, February, 2016, Rachel Vilsak, 2015).

The utilization of minority businesses has consistently hovered around 1 percent of total state contract dollars over the past two decades (Bruce Corrie, 2016, forthcoming in Chai.News).

Economic Assets of the ALANA communities suffered major declines during the period 2007-13 as measured by income, home ownership and home equity. (Bruce Corrie, 2015)