MacLisp - MIT AI Lab, late 1960's. Later used by Project MAC, Mathlab, and
Macsyma. Ran on the PDP-10. Introduced the LEXPR (a function with variable
arity), macros, arrays, and CATCH/THROW. Was once one of two main branches
of LISP (the other being Interlisp). In 1981 Common LISP was begun in an
effort to combine the best features of both. "MACLISP Reference Manual",
D.A. Moon <moon@cambridge.apple.com>, TR Project MAC, MIT 1974.

1. Michigan Algorithm Decoder. Developed at U Michigan by R. Graham, Bruce
Arden <arden@hopper.ee.rochester.edu> and Bernard Galler
<Bernard_A._Galler@um.cc.umich.edu>, 1959. Based on IAL. For the IBM
704, 709 and 7090, later ported to Philco, Univac and CDC machines. MAD was
one of the first extensible languages: the user could define his own operators
and data types. "Michigan Algorithm Decoder (The MAD Manual)", U Michigan
Computing Center, 1966. Sammet 1969, p.205.

MDL - (originally "Muddle"). C. Reeve, C. Hewitt & G. Sussman, Dynamic
Modeling Group, MIT ca. 1971. Intended as a successor to Lisp, and a possible
base for Planner-70. Basically LISP 1.5 with data types and arrays. Many
of its features were advanced at the time (I/O, interrupt handling and
coroutining), and were incorporated into later LISP dialects ("optional",
"rest" and "aux" markers). In the mid 80's there was an effort to use bytecoding
to make the language portable. CLU was first implemented in MDL. Infocom
wrote Zork in MDL, and used it as the basis for the ZIL interpreter. "The
MDL Programming Language", S.W. Galley et al, Doc SYS.11.01, Project MAC,
MIT (Nov 1975). Implementations exist for ITS, TOPS-20, BSD 4.3, Apollo Domain,
SunOS and A/UX.

Met-English - Metropolitan Life, early 60's. Fortran-like, with support for
variable-length bit fields. Most MetLife DP in the 60's and 70's was in
Met-English. Originally for Honeywell machines, but many programs still run
under IBM/MVS via a Honeywell emulator.

METEOR - A version of COMIT with Lisp-like syntax, written in MIT Lisp 1.5
for the IBM 7090. "METEOR - A List Interpreter for String Transformation",
D.G. Bobrow in The Programming Language LISP and its Interpretation, E.D.
and D.G. Bobrow eds, 1964.

MINT - Mint Is Not TRAC. Version of TRAC used as the extension language in
the Freemacs editor. ftp://sun.soe.clarkson.edu/pub/freemacs

Miracula - Stefan Kahrs <smk@ed.ac.uk>, LFCS. An implementation of
a subset of Miranda, no modules or files. Can be interactively switched between
eager and lazy evaluation. Portable source in C from the author.

ML Threads - Greg Morrisett <jgmorris@cs.cmu.edu>. SML/NJ with mutual
exclusion primitives similar to those in Modula-2+ and Mesa. Lightweight
threads are created using 'fork'. They are pre-emptively scheduled, and
communicate via shared memory which can be protected by a 'mutex' (monitor).
"Adding Threads to Standard ML", E. Cooper et al, CMU-CS-90- 186, CMU Dec
1990. Implementations for 68020, SPARC and MIPS, and also VAX- and MIPS-based
multiprocessors.

Modula-2 - Wirth, ETH 1978. Developed as the system language for the Lilith
workstation. The central concept is the module which may be used to encapsulate
a set of related subprograms and data structures, and restrict their visibility
from other portions of the program. Each module has a definition part giving
the interface, and an implementation part. The language provides limited
single-processor concurrency (monitors, coroutines and explicit transfer
of control) and hardware access (absolute addresses and interrupts). Uses
name equivalence. "Programming in Modula-2", N. Wirth, Springer 1985.
ftp:gatekeeper.dec.com:pub/DEC/Modula-2/m2.tar.Z

Moxie - Language for real-time computer music synthesis, written in XPL.
"Moxie: A Language for Computer Music Performance", D. Collinge, Proc Intl
Computer Music Conf, Computer Music Assoc 1984, pp.217-220.

MP-1 - Assembly language for the MasPar machine.

MPGL - Micro-Program Generating Language. A retargetable register transfer
language, in which the machine specification is included as part of the program.
"A Microprogram-Generating System", T. Baba, in Information Processing 77,
N-H 1977, pp. 739-744.

MPL -

1. Early possible name for PL/I. Sammet 1969, p.542.

2. MasPar. A data-parallel version of C.

3. Motorola Programming Language. A low-level PL/I-like language, similar
to PL/M, but for the Motorola 6800.

4. MicroProgramming Language. The first high level microprogramming language.
PL/I-like syntax. Data objects are declared as one- or two- dimensional arrays
of bits, or as events. Statements on the same line represent register transfers
caused by one microinstruction, and are executed in parallel. For vertical
machines. "A High Level Microprogramming Language (MPL)", R.H. Eckhouse Jr,
PhD Thesis, SUNY Buffalo, 1971.

Mul-T - An implementation of Multilisp built on T, for the Encore Multimax.
"Mul-T: A High-Performance Parallel Lisp", SIGPLAN Notices 24(7):81-90 (Jul
1989).

multiC - Wavetracer. A data-parallel version of C.

MultiLisp - Parallel extension of Scheme, with explicit concurrency. The
form (future X) immediately returns a 'future', and creates a task to evaluate
X. When the evaluation is complete, the future is resolved to be the value.
"MultiLisp: A Language for Concurrent Symbolic Computation", R. Halstead,
TOPLAS pp.501-538 (Oct 1985).

Multi-Pascal - Extension of Pascal-S with multiprocessing features. Used
in "The Art of Parallel Programming", Bruce P. Lester, P-H 1993.

MultiScheme - An implementation of Multilisp built on MIT's C-Scheme, for
the BBN Butterfly. "MultiScheme: A Paralled Processing System Based on MIT
Scheme", J. Miller, TR-402, MIT LCS, Sept 1987.

MuSimp - LISP variant used as the programming language for the PC symbolic
math package MuMath.

Muse - OR-parallel logic programming.

Music - Bell Labs, 60's. A series of early languages for musical sound synthesis.
Versions: Music I through Music V. "An Acoustical Compiler for Music and
Psychological Stimuli", M.V. Mathews, Bell Sys Tech J 40 (1961).