False Judgement

Independent Study Project
Othello, the Invisible Wound, To Kill a Mockingbird
July 30th 2014
By
Eileen Harford
Everyone has had a time in their life when they have misjudged a situation. Whether it was assuming someone took your pencil when it is actually in behind you ear, or assuming which character is the killer in our favorite movie, we all have misjudgements all the time in our lives. When was the last time you have mistaken a situation? The theme of false judgement demonstrated in the play “Othello” by Shakespeare, the short story “The Invisible Wound” by Karoly Kisfaludi, and the film “To Kill a Mockingbird”. In these three storylines, the author exhibits the theme of false judgment through a character of innocence that is poorly misjudged and ends tragically for them. Othello accuses his wife, Desdemona of adultery, while the unnamed protagonist in “The Invisible Wound” also inaccurately assumes his wife is cheating. In “To Kill a Mockingbird”, the jury accuses Tom Robinson of a crime that he did not commit all because of the colour of his skin. Given the above, it is clear that these three story lines hold the same theme of an error in judgement occurring.
Throughout the play, “Othello” by William Shakespeare, a few of the characters are condemned on untruthful information. Desdemona and Cassio are victims of poor judgement. Accusations towards Desdemona seem to be the most prominent to any reader – which all begin when Othello falls to Iago’s manipulation that causes Othello to poorly judge his own wife. Othello accuses his wife, Desdemona, of adultery. Iago provides “proof” of Desdemona’s unfaithfulness such as Cassio leaving Desdemona very quickly and then right after Desdemona’s pleading on his behalf. The handkerchief that Iago plants with Cassio that once belonged to Desdemona, only cements Othello's trust in Iago. Othello immediately believes…...

...Shabria Rahming
Professor Soifer
Art History Paper
November 23, 2011
The painting I chose to write about was “The Last Judgement” which is a masterpiece by Michelangelo. This painting covers the whole entire wall behind the alter of the Sistine chapel. This is an illustration of the second coming of Christ. In the painting you can tell that Michelangelo was inspired by the Bible, but he also uses his own visual ideas and imagination in this painting. This painting is huge, and its measurements are 48X44 feet. This painting was created between the years of 1536 and1541. This painting was made out of fresco, so Michelangelo had to work fast on this painting so he would be done before it dried.
It’s obvious that Michelangelo not only got ideas from the Bible, but he also added some theories from mythology in his painting. For instance, the boatman at the bottom of the painting is the boatman from Roman and Greek mythology that ferried the unsaved to hell, and that’s exactly what he’s doing in this painting. The emotion and frightening looks on the people faces helps show that they’re going to hell. This painting has some other unique features about it. For example, the men and women have very voluptuous body figures. This is how most of the people are painted in Michelangelo’s paintings. I believe this is how people were perceived in his era. This is totally different then how things are in our times. Now women have to be skinny or even anorexic to be perceived as......

...False Representation
While watching Mel Gibson’s movie, Apacalypto, he depicts Native Americans with typical stereotypes that we commonly see in today’s society. Some of the stereotypes that are included have to do with their clothing, physical features, personality and their ability to become one with nature. All these aspects were shown through the main character Jaguar Paw as he faced the many difficulties that came his way.
The clothing and physical features that Mel Gibson present are common stereotypes of Native Americans acting like uncivilized savages. In the movie, Jaguar Paw was mostly naked except for an undergarment he wore below the waist. He had tattoos, big piercings, and wore many necklaces, amulets, and bands around his body. Also, he had the body type of a physical fit and toned man with long braided hair. These are all common stereotypes of a typical Native American. They are seen as savages because they wear little or no clothing at all and the amulets that they wear are made from animals that they hunt. Moreover, Jaguar Paw had the stereotypical body, that all Native Americans were fit and muscularly toned because they are hunters and warriors. However, not all Native Americans were naked and physically fit. Every tribe had their own unique style of clothing jewelry and not all men were in shape.
In a particular scene that involved Jaguar Paw, he was portrayed even more as a savage and barbarian. In this scene, Jaguar Paw and his hunting group kill......

...Areiann Johnson
Final Paper
April 16, 2012
False Confessions
She was killed Mr. Cope. She was raped and murdered!
You are in shock. You are confused. You feel indescribable, unbearable pain. This pain is so emotional that it affects you physically too! Someone has ripped your heart out of your chest and made you watch as they relentlessly take a knife to it. All hope is lost. You will surely die from this ordeal. At least you wish you could! Your heart is weak; it drops into your stomach making you nauseated. How will you ever heal? You have been broken.
Now every thought that runs through your mind is consumed with your desire for revenge. You want nothing more than to catch the person that has taken someone so precious from you; to make them suffer as you have.
Police ask you to come in for questioning. You want to help them do their job and find the perpetrator. You have no idea that the real reason they asked you to come in is because you are their main suspect. They believe you did it. They think that you have taken your own daughters life and have sexually abused her, your little princess…impossible!
Billy Wayne Cope is a religious man and has spent numerous hours in church activities with his twelve year old daughter Amanda. On November 29, 2001 Amanda was found on her bed raped and strangled to death. Billy Wayne Cope became police detectives’ main suspect. He initially thought he was helping catch the person that has done this horrific......

...Changing Lives a Football Team at a Time
In Jeffery Marx’s “He Turns Boys into Men” article, he introduces Coach Joe Ehrmann, former NFL star who seeks to reduce false masculinity at the school he coaches at. Joe Ehrmann’s resume is anything beyond ordinary. After 13 years as a Baltimore Colt, Ehrmann looks to accomplish more significant things as an inner-city minister, as well as a Gilman Greyhound High School football coach. Ehrmann focuses on the boys’ standard criteria at the school, false masculinity, which he wants to tear down. He doesn’t want the young men to grow up and constantly compete with others for what they have, how successful they have been economically, or how their athletic abilities compare to others. Instead, Ehrmann wants them to grow up to be successful men who won’t feel isolated and destroy communities because of the false masculinity. His solution to stopping false masculinity is based on two things: relationships with others, and having a good cause other than you. “It [masculinity] should be defined in terms of relationships,” Ehrmann says. He believes that it comes down to how other people see you, not only family, but friends, and teammates. In conclusion, I believe that the Coach Ehrmann’s approach is a great approach because my high school football coach approached the situation the same way, which led to me being a better individual. I would brag about my athletic abilities in track and field because I didn’t think that there was......

...judgment).
1) An airline pilot’s doctor has discovered he has a heart murmur.
2) The airline pilot can retire in one month.
3) The doctor not sharing this information is unethical.
i) Flying with a heart condition can be deadly.
n) The pilot is responsible for everyone on the plane.
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n+1) Thus, the pilot should not be allowed to fly with a heart murmur and the doctor should let them know.
Inquiry #12: Express your judgment by providing premises (as many as you need) and conclusion (your ethical judgment).
1) A cosmetologist believes his job is to help his clients feel that they are or could be attractive.
2) He realizes some of his compliments are false and some of his products he sells do not live up to advertising claims.
i) Making people feel good about themselves is good.
n) Selling products that don’t live up to advertising claims is bad.
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n+1) Thus, the cosmetologist making people feel good about themselves is good, but he shouldn’t sell them bad products....

...It is very hard to understand why a person would confess to a crime they did not commit. Until I became a psychology major I felt it was impossible for any sane person to confess to something they did not do and even go to jail for it. There are many reasons an innocent person may make a false confession; for the sake of this discussion I chose confession through coerced internalization. Experts explain that these types of confessions occur when individuals truly believe they are guilty despite the evidence to the contrary. (Chapman 2013) The psychological research has found that some of these false confession happen during interrogation when the interrogator believes the suspect is guilty and they employ whatever means possible to get that confession. So not only will the suspect confess they will form false memories of the crime. (Chapman 2013)The regular american not studying Forensic psychology or criminal justice may assume that an innocent person would only confess if they were beaten or tortured; however there is evidence in our criminal justice system that techniques far less coercive than torture have produced verifiably false confessions in a surprising number of cases. (Contanzo, Krauss 2013)
Through the readings for this discussion I have discovered, and while I do not believe it would be fair to say that all investigators use coercion to get confessions, many police interrogation techniques used are designed to elicit a confession and overcome any denial even......

...PS530-01: Cognitive Psychology
Professor: John Burke
Kaplan University
Sandra Exum
False memories are thoughts about things that are from the past, but the perceiver thinks they are valid memories of personal experiences, but that actually are made from the perceiver’s imagination or from the suggestion of others (DeWolfe, 2013). There are many cases where a child will be sexually abused, and not recall it until they are older possibly even when they are an adult. It is possible to implant memories into a child’s mind to the point that they will really think that they were abused as a child (Loftus, 2003). An adult should know better than to try to implant memories of this type into a child’s mind. Memories of a happy experience will be retained longer, whereas an unhappy experience is more easily dismissed from a person’s memory. Nearly all human beings want to recall happy memories, rather than bad ones. False memories may happen accidentally or through unintentional and or intentional coaching, this is called influence, and this influence can come from opinions from authority figures, trusted family members, and even cultural beliefs. In a situation like this it is known as the interference theory, which suggests that forgetting is caused by other memories interfering with the retention of the target memory (Anderson, 2010).
For example a husband and wife have three kid’s two girls and one boy,...

...Hana Resa Ananda
141521019
Judgement
Judgement is the final step in process of knowing. Before we’ve been learned together about conceptualization as the second process of knowing, and conceptualization considered apart from judgement. Simply allows to us to think the materials provided by sensation and perception.
Conceptualization is the beginning of understanding, in that it classifies and relates as such-and-such the this-here-now of sensibility tentatively and hypothetically. The classification must correct and to be verified, that is, it must be shown that the evidence is sufficient to warrant the assertion in each case “it is so”. Only then is knowing complete, for only then is any truth-claim made.
Judging
Judging is the act of the mind by which a proposition is grasped as virtually unconditioned, that is, as having sufficient evidence for its assertion as true. The first is composition and division. This refers to the act of formulating a proposition in the form: S is (not) P. Proportion is difference language but the meaning, for instance:
x. The book is red
y. The book is red, these two sentence are same but has difference meaning.
Utterances: 2 utterences
Propostion: 1 proposition
The second role of judgement on this traditional presentation is precisely affirmation or denial of a proposition.
Judgement in the full sense requires an answer to the question for reflection, although it supposes an answer to the question for intelligence.
The......

...The False Claims Act
The False Claims Act is an American federal law that covers fraud involving any federally funded contract or program. It is the federal government primary tool in combating fraud against the government. Recent legislation, such as the Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009 and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, has broadened the scope of the False Claims Act. The definition of a false claim has been expanded, so now any false statement that is material to a claim can be actionable and liability has been expanded to knowingly failing to repay an overpayment (Cardinal 2013). According to the Wikipedia, this American federal law imposes liability on persons and companies typically federal contractors who defraud governmental programs. The law includes a qui tam provision that allows people who are not affiliated with the government, called "relators" under the law, to file actions on behalf of the government informally called "whistleblowing” especially when the relator is employed by the organization accused in the suit. Qui Tam. Qui Tam is a writ whereby a private individual who assists a prosecution can receive all or part of any penalty imposed (wiki 2015). Its name is an abbreviation of the Latin phrase qui tam pro domino rege quam pro se ipso in hac parte sequitur, meaning “he who sues in this matter for the king as well as for himself” (Wiki, 2015).
There are many legal and regulatory principles and concepts affecting the......

...False Advertising
Advertising is common tools in industry. Many companies spend millions even billions in this section to pay celebrities and ideas sincesurveys prove that advertising plays big role in their income. They produce branding image which are unique, strong, catchy, and easy-to-remember for their consumers. Talking about advertising, on the onehand, it is good for its functions, displays, etc; on the other hand, sometimes it is too good to be true, the way they bring the messages to the consumers which state “the number one …”, “you may see the result in just...”, so on and so forth. Illogical sounding absolutely has to be considered in big portion by consumers. Consumers have to be aware of the dangers in health and safety of such false advertising. False advertising might describe in two aspects, in term of definition and requirements. Based on Tricia Ellis-Christensen, false advertising is any type of advertising that deceives consumers. Consumers believe that they will earn several benefits such as good deal, saving money, or buying something that will perform in a specific manner, yet almost all of themare non-existing at all. While the definition that might found in theglossary of research lawyer state that false advertising is the crime or tortof publishing, broadcasting, or otherwise publicly distributing anadvertisement that contains an untrue, misleading, or deceptiverepresentation or statement which was made knowingly or recklessly and with the intent...

...The Judgement of Beauty
The judgments of beauty are universally consistent and biologically based, not influenced by culture and individual history. Argue for or against this statement using what you have learned from the course to support your point of view. You may use one or more examples from outside readings to illustrate your points.
“Beauty”, as defined in the Oxford Dictionary (2015), is a collection of pleasant qualities, especially those increase the attractiveness of a person or an object. It can be categorized into two different kinds: external beauty and inner beauty (Panek, 2011). External beauty mainly focuses on appearance and body shape (Etcoff, 1999), while inner beauty refers to internal qualities which is considered nice and graceful to others (Perry, 2011). A person described as “beautiful” usually possess a combination of both. While the concept of “inner beauty” is universal, the standard of external beauty is subject to variations (Carla615, 2011), hence would be the main focus of this essay. Some believe that such judgments are universally consistent and based on biological evidence, while others are convinced that culture and one’s individual background may also impact on judgements of beauty. In fact, judgments of beauty are made under a mixed factor of biological intuition, individual history and cultural change. They are not universal across the world.
Across centuries, the standard of beauty was always under the influence of culture.......

...Running head: WISE JUDGEMENT
Wise Judgement
Crystal Davila
ENG 106 Survey of Literary Masterpieces
University of Phoenix
Daphne Matthews
May 7, 2012
Wise Judgment
There is this teenage girl Michelle who states that she is “in love” with her 17-year-old boyfriend. Her boyfriend is encouraging her to have sex with him saying that he will make sure they only have “protected” sex. The questions that come to my mind is what exactly is protected sex and how does she know she really is in love. At this age, do young adults really understand the true meaning behind love? There are five components of wise judgment and they can be applied to this scenario to understand what is happening and what can be done to help her understand how serious this situation can be.
The first component to wise judgment is factual knowledge about matter of life. In this situation, does Michelle really understand what is at steak? This is similar to The Death of Ivan Ilyich when he states “What is the right thing?“ (Tolstoy, 2243). If not she should understand that correct information about protected sex. Even if someone has protected sex does not mean they are one hundred percent safe. Everything that is available for protective sex has warnings printed on them. Just because someone is in love does not mean they have to have sex. On the other hand, if Michelle was not ready and understood what can happen if she does give in to having sex with her boyfriend then she......

...False statements or false official statements can lead to errors or even situation that can cause harm. People can be misleading every day, however when a false statement is given in the Army it can cause a problem. False official statements falls under Uniform Code of Military Justice Article 107, it describes “Any person subject to this chapter who, with intent to deceive, signs any false record, return, regulation, order, or other official document, knowing it to be false, or makes any other false official statement knowing it to be false, shall be punished as a court-martial may direct”. There are four elements in Article 107. 1) That the accused signed a certain official document or made a certain official statement; 2) That the document or statement was false in certain particulars; 3) That the accused knew it to be false at the time of signing it or making it; and 4) That the false document or statement was made with the intent to deceive. Further defining UCMJ Article 107, “official documents and official statements include all documents and statements made in the line of duty. The rank of any person intended to be deceived is immaterial if that person was authorized in the execution of a particular duty to require or receive the statement or document from the accused. The government may be the victim of this offense. The false representation must be made with the intent to deceive. It is not necessary that the false statement be material to the issue inquiry.......