When Strikes Move Deep In-The-Money: A Real-Life Trade

Covered call writing exit strategies include scenarios when share price moves up or down. Our main enemy is share depreciation where we need to mitigate losses but we must also have the ability to enhance returns when share price rises under certain specific conditions. This article will evaluate a trade sent to us by Mario G on a stock (THO) that moved from $100.00 to $108.64 per share mid-contract. With two weeks remaining until contract expiration, we must evaluate the opportunity to use the mid-contract unwind exit strategy to generate a second income stream in the same month with the same cash.

Mario’s trade (Mario used multiple contracts but I will use 1 contract to simplify the math)

Mario astutely noted that THO had a projected earnings report date of 3/6/2017 and therefore would not be including this security in his portfolio for the March contracts.

Practical criteria used to determine whether to close our deep in-the-money strikes

Since an at-the-money strikes was initially sold, there is no opportunity to generate additional profit from share appreciation. Mario has maximized his 3%, 1-month return and THO can drop in price by 8% and that 3% will still be realized…a nice position to be in. However, as Blue Collar Investors, we dig deeper. What will be our actual time value cost-to-close and can we generate a greater return than that cost-to-close in a completely new position in the two weeks remaining in the contract? For premium members who have access to the Elite version of the Ellman Calculator (also available in the Blue Collar store for non-members), the “Unwind Now” tab can be used for this calculation. If the cost-to-close is such that we can generate a return of at least 1% greater than to actual cost to close, it is worth closing. Some investors may set a higher or lower parameter but that is mine. For example, if the cost to close is 0.5% and we can generate a 1.5% initial profit in a new position, it is worth considering.

“Unwind Now” tab of the Elite Ellman Calculator: Input

THO: Input into the “Unwind Now’ tab of the Ellman Calculator

In this case, the strike is $8.64 in-the-money. This means, the cost-to-close will be $8.64 + a time value component. If the bid-ask spread is $6.30 – $9.00, the cost-to-close will be between $8.64 and $9.00. Let’s use worst case scenario and say $9.00.

“Unwind Now” tab of the Elite Ellman Calculator: Calculation results

THO: Calculation Results from the “Unwind Now’ tab of the Ellman Calculator

This demonstrates that the time value cost-to-close is $0.36 0r 0.36% My threshold would be 1.36% or higher for initial time value return on a new position or I would allow assignment and congratulate myself on an outstanding trade.

Global stocks moved slightly higher this week along with continued strength in US markets as another impressive earnings season passes. The Dow surpassed the 22,000 level during the week, supported by positive economic data. West Texas Intermediate crude oil prices ended the week near $49, down slightly from last week’s $49.65. Volatility, as measured by the Chicago Board Options Exchange Volatility Index (VIX), declined to 10.03 from 11.0 a week ago. This week’s economic and international news of importance:

The unemployment rate moved down to 4.3%, matching a recent 16-year low

The economy added another 209,000 jobs, handily exceeding the 180,000 6-month average

Despite solid job growth, wages remain restrained, with average hourly earnings holding steady at a 2.5% annual growth rate. The upbeat data should keep the US Federal Reserve on course for another rate hike before year’s end

Special counsel Robert Mueller has empaneled a grand jury in Washington, D.C., to investigate Russian interference in the 2016 US presidential election

The Dow Jones Industrial Average broke and closed above the 22,000 level for the first time. Solid corporate earnings and a weakening US dollar are providing a favorable backdrop for stocks

Donald Trump, fearing that a veto would be overridden by Congress, this week signed a sanctions bill that targets Russia’s energy and defense sectors

The Trump administration is considering taking trade action against China and is discussing launching a probe into Beijing’s insistence that foreign companies transfer technology to local Chinese subsidiaries and partners

Former Fed chairman Alan Greenspan said that we are experiencing a bubble, not in stock prices, but in bond prices

The Czech central bank took action on Thursday, raising its main policy rate from 0.05% to 0.25%, its first hike since 2008

According to Thomson Reuters, with 75% of the companies in the S&P 500 Index having reported, Q2 earnings are expected to increase 11.8% compared with a year ago

Revenues are expected to increase by 5% compared with Q2 2016

For the week, the S&P 500 moved up by 0.19% for a year-to-date return of 10.63%

About Alan Ellman

Alan Ellman loves options trading so much he has written four top selling books on the topic of selling covered calls, one about put-selling and a sixth book about long-term investing. Alan is a national speaker for The Money Show, The Stock Traders Expo and the American Association of Individual Investors. He also writes financial columns for both US and International publications along with his own award-winning blog.. He is a retired dentist, a personal fitness trainer, successful real estate investor, but he is known mostly for his practical and successful stock option strategies. Google +

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I’m from Chattanooga TN. I read your books several years ago, but I didn’t sell covered calls at that time. I just watched your Beginners series of videos. I learned several things that I can use in selling covered calls. I actually started selling covered calls in 8 accounts (2 of mine and 6 family members accounts). Since April 5, 2016 I’ve made 622 option trades. I was finding options with the highest premiums available. I made a lot of money on selling the calls but I was losing a lot of money on the stocks. After watching your videos, I dumped the ‘Dead Money’ stocks and re-invested the money in the best up trending lower risk stocks that I can find. I’m averaging 2.772% per trade per month or 33.269% return per year. I think I can make from 2% to 4% per trade going forward. My question is since Microsoft has discontinued Stock Scouter, are you using something else to obtain stock ratings?

The developers of the Scouter (risk/reward) algorithm tell us that they are negotiating with vendors to make these stats public once again. In the interim, they have been sending my team the updated stats and we are providing them in our member stock reports. For those who are not premium members, using all other BCI fundamental, technical and common sense screens will still result in an outstanding, quality watch list . My team is also working on an alternative risk/reward screen should the Scouter becomes permanently not available (unlikely).

The 8% reference I made in the article relates to current market value which is $8.64 above the price paid for the stock. So even if the stock drops in price by 8%, the 3% time value premium will still be realized.

Mario’s kind share of his trade on THO and Alan’s discussion reminded me why I adopted one of my little trading rules on high performing stocks – don’t cover them all at once :)!

I complain rarely when stocks go up. Rising markets are usually near the bottom of most people’s worry list :). But I have had my share of THO stories and they can be frustrating when in a covered call in a rising stock and/or rising market.

Alan mentioned Mario had multiple contracts. So I’ll just pick a number out of thin air. Let’s say Mario had 400 shares of THO. He made 2.6% in less than a month as outlined above. Nice work indeed!

Had he split it and only sold 2 contracts and let the other 200 shares run he would have made twice that return assuming same sales date. Had THO gone down, however, he would have been in better shape than regular shareholders. So it’s always a market view frame of reference. Neither hindsight or the market can ever be wrong. Only we can be that :)!

My point is not to diminish for one second how well Mario managed this trade which was excellent as he always does! In fact he wrote his covered call ATM telling me he was neutral on THO. No one can see the future but he made money on a neutral trade which was great!

My intent is to suggest the flexibility of these strategies is limited only by our imagination. It is not just which stock to pick, which strike to choose and how to manage it. It’s also about when not to pick and conversely when not to cover, what your market view is and what degree of conviction you have in it?

There are a lot of moving parts. It is why I tell anyone who listens to have a pyramid approach where at the base is index ETF’s and blue chips. At the very top are trendy, sexy stocks. Plenty of room in the middle for growth names. Write your calls maybe two thirds up the pyramid and below. – Jay

Mario came out of that trade well, but would you have placed it yourself? I note that THO was at 75 only a few weeks earlier, making it 33% higher at the time of the trade, and thus generally more vulnerable to a sharp retracement. Everyone has their own methods as you’ve said, but personally I look for stocks making more gradual uptrends.

This trade actually highlights the importance of another BCI rule (not guideline) and that is to avoid earnings reports. The chart below shows that the stock price did move in a pattern we all prefer, and I agree, a gradual uptrend, after Mario’s trade. The price moved up to $115.00 (green arrow). Then, on March 6th, an earnings release (red arrow) and the bottom fell out. We would NOT have been in that [position on March 6th and probably for months thereafter.

The next earnings release resulted in a significant movement in the other direction.

Now, you make a good point regarding the volatility of the underlying. We can measure that by the 1-month return of near-the-money strikes. In this case, it was 3%. For me, this is perfectly reasonable. For others it may be a bit high or a bit low. I would not use this stock in my mother’s account where I target 1-2% but I would not walk away from a 1-month return of 3% in my accounts. One size does not fit all.

Thanks Alan – actually on looking at the chart again in MarketWatch I see that the month I thought was January was actually December, so the big jump in share price wasn’t as recent as I’d thought. Still not my preferred kind of chart but they seem to be working out for Mario 🙂

I love a good rocket stock. My reasoning is this: you’re providing liquidity to other traders. On a stock that is moving there will be plenty of buying interest in the calls. The supply/demand is going to drive up the cost of the calls (despite Greeks and all pricing models, supply and demand still rule) which hopefully creates an additional edge.

If you just bought the stock, then you have let’s call it a 50/50 chance of profit or loss (the odds are never even but let’s call this a fair estimate). If the stock goes above your purchase cost, you gain. If the stock goes below your purchase cost, you lose. With the use of an option, you have expanded your profitability from a point of singularity to a range. Selling short the call option has created one guaranteed return and a reduction in cost basis or risk reduction on the other position.

You want an underlying that is going to pay you something. If you look at a boring blue chip stock (which is what some CC writers would advocate) you get maybe $18 or $20 for a month less commissions might leave you with a very bad reward/risk of maybe $10 or $12 potential gain (assuming no closing commission which would cut that down to maybe $2 or $4). That’s hardly worth the effort, if you ask me. You’re going to make your broker rich and the reward/risk is so skewed due to the high impact of commissions (50% or more lost in transaction costs) that you’re in a default “losing” position–far too much risk for the reward.

If you look at high flying stocks, they tend to go up–rest or pull back just a bit–and then shoot higher (in normal bull market conditions). The biggest momentum stock index that you probably look at every day is called the S&P 500. It likes to find stocks that are moving up in price and buy even more while it will go ahead and sell off stocks that go down in price. When you start to think about it, you may quickly understand why most people underperform this “dumb index” and that’s largely because everything they’ve been trained to do perpetuates their losses. “Buy low, sell high” right? Not really. Buy high and sell higher. Sell low and buy back lower.

People like to pick up the idea of some stock that just went to the moon, e.g. “I wish I bought MSFT back in the ’80s” or “I wish I bought AMZN at $50”. Then they miss buying MSFT in the ’90s or AMZN at $150 and watch it go to 10X what they could have purchased it for. Don’t trade with a fear of missing out but when a trend is in, just ride it. Always assuming that the trend is just about to reverse is a sure way to never capture profits. You’ll run away at every little dip. Establish hard and fast entry and exit rules. The BCI system does a lot of the guidance for you. You just need to setup the trade that you’re comfortable with but don’t run screaming for the hills on a $2 or $3 pullback on a $100 stock. Find your trend lines and know when the trend is showing signs of breaking. Momentary weakness happens in all stocks–nothing goes straight up. If you write a CC on a stock that just exploded, you’re probably fine as the next likely moves are going to be sideways or a slight pullback. If it keeps going, decide what the next move is in advance–do you roll up and take on a bit more risk? Do you cash out and find another target? What news is coming out?

About 70% of stock plummets are around earnings. The BCI already eliminates that 70% which leaves you with only about 30% of drastically bad events left to possibly ruin a trade. With 5 or 10 trades on, if you can go ahead and exit that one that comes along here and again you should be in a position to win with frequency and with $$ volume behind you.

As I’ve become more comfortable with the rocket stocks, I will at times on a harsh one-day decline go ahead and sell a NTM or OTM put on the position (doubling my exposure) and taking advantage to the IV expansion that happens on a drawdown. A nice bounce usually gets me a nice little kicker on the returns for the month in just a few days. Keep in mind the market environment we’re in, though. You couldn’t do the same in poor market conditions.

As a recent example, I was long FIZZ with an OTM strike written against it. The stock suddenly plunged along with the broader growth/momentum stock sell-off that happened (maybe it was June?). The IV expansion caused the premiums to increase quite a bit. I felt confident that this was a temporary move, so I sold a cash secured put ATM and brought in another several hundred in premium. The stock rebounded and I closed the put thus reducing my exposure to the security again and more than doubling my initial returns. If I was less confident, I might have just done a more limited risk play and sold a bull put spread (sell an ATM put and buy a further OTM put to protect myself–maybe expose myself to $500 less the premium received on a 5-point spread, call it bring in $230 while risking $270 or something of the sort).

Anyway, I hope some of that rambling might help. We all need to work within our risk tolerances but the more we arm ourselves with whatever we need to make trading less emotional and a lot more mechanical–the better. Sometimes it’s knowledge, sometimes it’s hard and fast rules, sometimes it’s all of those things and more.

Yours is never a ramble. It helps a lot. Thank you for taking the time to write it.

I used your cash secured put idea on QQQ when it dipped in June and made a very nice return on that frozen cash in a short period of time when it bounced. Had it not bounced I was comfortable buying it at the OTM strike I chose at a “discount” from where I sold the put.

And to build on your finely written closing sentence sometimes it is just pure luck :)! – Jay

That all sounds very interesting. Do you employ Jay’s strategy of selling the option at a later date or do you sell them when you buy the stock? And what sort of overall returns do you find you get from your strategy, since I gather you’ve been doing this for a long time?

This week’s Weekly Stock Screen And Watch List has been uploaded to The Blue Collar Investor Premium Member site and is available for download in the “Reports” section. Look for the report dated 08/04/17.

Also, be sure to check out the latest BCI Training Videos and “Ask Alan” segments. You can view them at The Blue Collar YouTube Channel. For your convenience, the link to the BCI YouTube Channel is:

Per Alan’s response…We avoid US airlines because they report monthly capacity reports which can impact stock price much like earnings reports. RYAAY which does not operate in the US does not provide such reports, to our knowledge. Capacity comments seems to be mentioned during earnings releases on a quarterly basis. If we find that RYAAY starts providing these monthly reports, it will be added to our banned list. RYAAY also provides a wide range of non-airline travel services in Ireland.

I recently watched the portfolio overwriting webinar from the member site and plan to use this strategy in my mother’s account with stocks she’s owned forever (it seems). Can I use the same Ellman calculator for this strategy?

Yes you can but we will be releasing 3 additional calculators later this year, one geared specifically to Portfolio Overwriting. It will reflect returns based on annualized goals and will show 1-week, 1-month and 2-month returns. These calculators will be available in conjunction with the release of our next book, “Covered Call Writing Alternative Strategies” which I am co-authoring with Barry.

A couple considerations – if you have not already thought of them and apologies if you have – is how emotionally attached your Mom might be to the stocks you plan to cover and if they are in tax protected accounts? As you know if you portfolio over write there is always a chance of having them called which might create unwanted tax events in cash accounts. – Jay

Since Jay has mentioned overwriting and THO is a current topic, here’s a time slice graph of what selling 6 Sep $110 calls for $1.50 against 500 shares purchased for $104.68 (Friday’s close). My Photoshop skills are non existent so I have no clue how to provide this other than a screen shot. I guess we shall see… or not (g). Probably not since it’s an RTf file.

OK, another try at this. The strike price was a random choice as it the 6:5 ratio. I just wanted to offer a view of what an overwrite looks like. If this doesn’t work then my batting average is 0 for 2 and it’s time for retirement 🙂

Thank you very much for your thoughtful responses. They are extremely helpful. I plan to use the techniques Alan discussed in the webinar to minimize the risk of her shares getting called away but we understand that it is still possible. We feel the extra income mom will receive is worth the risk of possible early assignment.

You are right about the brutality of the tax code but I have a different perspective. When I have years where I have to send a big check to the gubbermint for my cap gains, I’m happy as a clam (not sure why clams are happy cuz they tend to get steamed). More for the Feds means more for me.

If the stocks have large cap gains then you need to give serious consideration as to whether covered calls is the best idea. IMHO, if the stock powers up, it’s not a good idea to buy back deep in-the-money short calls at a loss to defend paper gains in the stock, in order to avoid the tax bite. The market often has a perverse way of making you pay for that.

I may be the one swimming upstream against the current but if the stocks do not have large cap gains then the objective of the covered call is to be assigned and the sooner, the better because you are then making the maximum amount from the position and you can move on to another hopefully profitable position.

ALWAYS write AT LEAST 30-days+ out (and always OTM which Alan describes in his strategy). The tax man may cometh with UNQUALIFIED Covered Calls.

Some of the tax code is rather convoluted due to the genius of some who are magicians at tax avoidance. Unfortunately, their genius results in sometimes difficult to navigate rules intended to catch them but may, in reality, just punish average Joe investors.

There’s a pretty good free online qualified covered call calculator that you can use. I don’t warrant that any of it is accurate and this isn’t my site. But this may be worth looking at before writing a call to make sure you don’t inadvertently trip an ugly rule.

“ALWAYS write AT LEAST 30-days+ out (and always OTM which Alan describes in his strategy). The tax man may cometh with UNQUALIFIED Covered Calls.”

The violation affects those with long-term capital gains status. If the covered call is unqualified, the treatment of stock profits changes. QCC has no relevance if the stock has short term capital gain status.

Dr Ellman, have you ever had a contract cycle where all/most of your stocks declined in value? How do you handle that from an emotional perspective? I am a new investor and from my reading it appears that the risk in CC is the underlying stock.

You are 100% correct, the risk is in the stock, not in selling the option. When we sell an option, we are lowering our cost basis and thereby increasing our opportunities for successful investments.

It would be extremely rare for most of my positions to go down in value in a contract month but it probably did occur in 2008. We must avoid emotional responses to this or similar less serious scenarios by establishing a trading methodology that we have confidence in and one that we have mastered and practiced (paper-traded). This will eliminate emotional responses and make us successful investors.

Your concerns are typical for new investors and I still remember having similar thoughts back in the day. Take your time to master all aspects of this or any strategy you choose. Your confidence will rise as will your skill level.

In years like 2000 and 2008 when the market, lost over 50+ of its value, you’d be hard pressed to find many optionable stocks that rose in price. There were some but they were more the exception rather than the rule.

In such a market, the standard covered strategy of writing OTM is a losing battle. Selling modestly deep ITM CCs had a fighting chance. Even rock solid Dividend Champions and Dividend Aristocrats got ‘rocked’, some even worse than markets dismal performance. If that occurs again, as price drops further from your cost basis, you’ll have several choices:

1) Sell much higher strike prices that offer very low premium
2) Go out many months to increase the low premium of (1)
3) Sell lower strike prices that lock in a loss if assigned
4) Become a Buy & Hold investor and wait (hope?) for a recovery to levels
5) Take your losses and wait until it’s over

You’ll have a lot of difficult decisions if we see that kind of carnage again.

In 2008-2009 I was net short for the entire time. But I doubt that’s the make up of many here. Most people who are writing covered calls have little to no experience with shorting, buying puts, buying inverse ETFs or anything else that is geared to profiting from from the downside.

As for gold, it is unreliable in sharp market corrections. It often correlates with the market the downside. For anyone interested, Macrotrends.net offers decades of historical graphs of gold, indexes, etc.

So far I have always left at least 25% of my capital (for investing) in cash. In the event of a significant market correction I would have plenty of dry powder to re-enter the market. Of course, I realize that I am earning nothing on the 25%, but to me it’s an insurance policy that let’s me sleep better.

Thank you for your great memory and kind follow up. I have been fighting computer problems this week and been out of the loop.

My GLD trade has been a good one. I was assigned 500 shares as a result of a cash secured put some months back and immediately started a call writing campaign. I don’t suppose many people think of GLD as an income stock but it has been for me :).It expired OTM in July and I kept the shares.

I skipped the calls this month since I felt a tremor in the force and thought stocks might go down and gold might go up but I should have at least sold 2 contracts.

It’s easier said than done but no matter what we do in the market, most of the time there was either a better way or a better time to have done it. Woulda, coulda, shoulda. It’s non productive. You take your best shot, hope for the best and manage it when it’s the worst. Then move on.

Good stuff by MJ but since I don’t know any songs that celebrate covered calls, I’m still smitten by the music of my ‘yute’ from the British invasion through the Vietnam era classics up until disco came in. Woodstock has to be the greatest collection of assembled artists before the modern era of disaster charity benefits.

Short selling is a topic that I haven’t addressed in detail on this site mainly because it should be reserved for sophisticated, experienced investors like Geoff. Before considering this strategy we must learn to manage risks like dealing the market’s upward bias, learning how to set stop-losses to avoid unlimited loss potential, the possibility of margin call, short squeezes (shorters covering in mass) and the possibility of having to pay dividends to lenders. There is also the factor of the lending fee.

That said, shorting can be a useful tool in extreme bear market environments but should be reserved for the most sophisticated investors and, in my humble opinion, is not appropriate for most retail investors.

If we had another 2008 (many more safeguards in place to avoid this) , I would lean on inverse ETFs which are published weekly in our Premium Member ETF Reports.

The reason we publish the same 4 inverse ETFs is that we will rarely have use for them but when we do, we want to be properly diversified and make sure there is adequate option liquidity. We use inverse ETFs that are short the Dow 30, the S&P 500, the Russell 2000 and the Nasdaq 100.

You are absolutely correct that short selling is for experienced investors and traders. While you are correct in your general comments, they miss the mark in several ways.

Dividends occur quarterly so they are easy to avoid. And if one decides to hold short through ex-div, since the exchanges reduce share price by the amount of the dividend, it’s not a loss to the shorter. And they can be offset in other ways but let’s KISSpin.

For the most part, borrow costs on large caps like the S&P 500 tend to be very low. Paying 1/4 to 1/2 pct a year when a stock is cratering 50% is a drop in the bucket. In 2008 and 2009, I was shorting size in illiquid issues with much higher borrow costs because they move a lot faster than a high float issue like IBM. Each year I paid out over $7,000 in borrow fees – just the cost of doing business and another drop in the bucket.

Margin calls are only factor for those who leverage heavily and for those who practice zero risk management. If disciplined, being short is no different than being long.. Only the direction is different.

Short squeezes do not occur in S&P 500 stocks. No one is moving IBM or AAPL or the like that way.

Inverse ETFs are no safer than shorting, if wrong. Being short by being long has the same risk as being outright short. If you are short SPY and it rises 10%, the inverse ETF also loses 10% on the rise (give or take). While you may avoid the borrow fee, etc,. the inverse has other inherent cost issues against you. Being on the right side of direction is all that matters.

To repeat, you are absolutely correct that short selling is for experienced investors and traders. If we have a repeat of 2000 or 2008, being long for 18 months as the market drops 50+ pct is not going to work out well. It didn’t then and it won’t next time either. For those uncomfortable with the idea of shorting, at least try to formulate a plan for limiting your risk in such a debacle. Ignoring dividend reinvestment, a 50% loss takes a 100% gain to break even. Cut that loss to 10-20 pct and you go into the black much, much sooner.

The stocks listed as “other” are securities that are part of our own BCI database. They are stocks that have been identified in the past as potential option-selling candidates. The are are 3000 stocks screened for our members each week in addition to the IBD 50 and IBD Big Cap 20. All stocks that are listed as eligible in our premium reports have passed the rigorous BCI screens from all resources.

This is turning into the most profitable CC cycle for me so far. I have been following the BCI exit strategies to a tee. I have only had one stock move against me (AMAT) and most likely the 46.50 Aug 11 call will expire worthless. I am debating whether to hold AMAT through it’s ER or just book the $2 per share loss. Picked up the FIZZ Aug18 110c today. Some very nice premium for 10 days.

That all sounds very interesting. Do you employ Jay’s strategy of selling the option at a later date or do you sell them when you buy the stock? And what sort of overall returns do you find you get from your strategy, since I gather you’ve been doing this for a long time?

In and of itself, B/W does not give you an edge. It’s has a poor risk/reward ratio (limited reward with large potential loss). You will markedly under perform in bull markets as you collect small premiums compared to the upside growth you give away. Although you will outperform in bear markets (by the amount of the premium), that is exactly when you don’t want to be B/W-ing (long) since you can lose significant amounts in a full bore bear. In addition, taxes (for non sheltered accounts) and more frequent commissions and slippage will add performance drag.

What makes B/W succeed is quality selection, good timing and disciplined risk management. That’s the edge. If you don’t manage your losses, collapses like GWW, TGT, and CAH this year can take away the gains from 5-10 or more successful writes.

Here’s an example from this week. Dillards (DDS) was a $78 stock two weeks ago. Two days ago, it was over $73. Today it’s under $59 after a bad earnings report. Someone who sold an OTM covered call has lost $15 to $20 in less than two weeks in return for a few dollars of call premium .

In a binary choice world of who does better, the outright share owner or the covered call writer, clearly the covered call writer is better off by the amount of the premium. But that’s a bit of a Pyrrhic Victory, eh? Granted, this was a bad earnings report but this is what happens to a much larger degree in a bear market.

And yes, unless one is hedging differently, it is a good plan to get out of the way of earnings announcements. A possible alternative for owning through earnings is collared long stock. Then you have that approx 50/50 chance but with no possibility of a debacle like DDS:

I know that the CC is a very small protection, and I do stay clear of earnings reports (Alan’s rule #1).

Of course there are other unexpected events always happening, but these are difficult to avoid, and I am watching all my trades several times each day, and implementing the exit strategies by the book (Alan’s book).

On the other hand, a little more risk with some Buy/Waits can make a nice extra income, as Jay correctly suggests, and, as you say above, is apropriate in a bull market.

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