When a Chinaman seeks readmission Into the United States on the ground that he has already been engaged as a merchant therein, he must furnish such evidence of that fact as Is required by Act Congo Nov. 3, 1893, notWithstanding that he may have departed from the country before that act was passed.

On Habeas' Corpus. Report of special referee and examiner, recommending the discharge of Yee Lung. Report set aside!'and not confirmed, and Yee Lung remanded. Thos. D. Riordan, for Yee Lung. Charles A. Garter, for the United States. MORROW, District Judge. The petitioner, Yee' lcli, alleges that his brother, Yee Lung, is restrained of his liberty by the master of the steamship Belgic on the ground, as claimed by the said master,that said passenger is a subject of the emperor of China, and not entitled to land, and come into the United States, under the provisions of the act of congress of May 6, 1882, entitled "An act to execute certain treaty stipulations relating to Chinese," and the acts amendatory thereof and supplemental thereto. The petition alleges that said Yee Lung is not a laborer, and does not come within the restrictions of said act, bUt, on the contrary, that he is a merchant; that he departed from the United States temporarily in 1892, and for more than one year prior to his departure was a merchant, and a member of the firm of Lai Sang Lung & Co., engaged in business on Third street, in Sacramento City in this state. William M. Lowell testifies: That he is a resident of Sacramento. Was engaged on the p()lice force for the last seven or eight years, up to the last two or ttiree weeks. Knows Yee Lung. Has known him for about four or five years. He was in the general merchandise business in Sacramento, City. The name of the firm was Chan Lung, or something like that. It was on Third street, 1 and J, No. 910. Knew him as a member of that firm for about two years before he went to China. Always understood, from the Chinamen, that Yee Lung was a member of the firm. Saw him working and handling goods there. Saw him behind the counter, acting as a partner would act. Cannot tell what amount of stock they carried. Shelves looked pretty well filled. Knew another of the partners, but have forgotten his name. Happened to know this man by seeing him around the store. Had no business transactions with v.61F.no.6-41

642:)

him. J. L. Sullivan:,! At present emplGYed' in United ,States mint. Formerly a resident of Sacra:ni.ento City. Was connectedwith the police department. KhewYee Lung. First knew him. in a store on Third street. ,Does not remember the name of the store. Had seen Yee Lung, four or ,five years, attending to the business of the firm. Had heard it said that he was a partner, but did not know it; of his own personal knowledge. The firm carried on a general merchandise business. Yee Lung testified in his own behalf that he does not speak English. He was questioned about acertificareof identiftcationl'which he appears to have taken with him to China, and concerping his acquaintance with the witnesses Lowell and Sullivan. The,foregoing testimony was taken by thecomm.issioner on Saturday;:April 28,1894. The examres\J.tned on MaYl"J.894, when the testimony ination of a witness, nal:J1ed. -:Yee YQllng, Wl;l.S taken. There is some indication in the record that this is the Chinaman who is seeking to land andcome intothe United States, and the ,same personwho appeare!l as Yee Lung' on the previQil,s Satllrda'y. "Hetestified that he went to China,on the steamer Gaelic,,$eptember 6, 1892. Prior to that time, he was in the firm of Ly Sung Lung, 910 Third street, Sacramento City. The capitfll of the firm was $3,000. His interest was $1,000. There were three partners; The other two partners were Yee Fong Wah and -ree Way Yung. He was the treasurer Qf the firm. The firm was established in 1889. Had a sign, first on a piece of paper, a:fterwards on a board. Yee Way Yung testified that he knows Yea Lung, who is his in the business of provisions and general m,.erchandise. Firm name is Ly Sung Lung. Not conducting the business now; onl! keeping track of customers, to, collect outstanding accounts. The place 910 Third street, Sacramento City, is now vacant. ;Have outstanding accounts amounting to something over $5,000. The name of the firm is a good omen, "good luck." Three other Chinese witnesses testify to substantially the same effect as the last witness, except as to the import of Chinese firm names. Barry Huff, the official Chinese interpreter of this court, testified that Chinese merchants in the United States do not, as a usual thing, have firm names containing the names .of the partners. The names are lucky omens. It will be observed that tlleriame "Lung," in the firm name of"Ly Sung Lung," does not purport to represent any part of the name of the Chinaman, -ree Lung, who is seeking to.land, and come into the United States,"t»llt is simply a part of the combination of words representing a supposed name or title "good luck." Moreover, the name of, tlJ.e firm in the petition is ''Lai Sang Lung & 00.," while the tes'timo*y is that the name of the firm is ''Ly Sung Lung." This is not explained. I do not, therefore, find it established by the testimony of two credible witnesses, other. Chinese, as required by section 2. of the act of November 3,1893, that Yee Lung was engaged, in this country, in buying and selling merchandise at a fixed place of business for one year previous to his departure from the United States. Nor do I find, by the same chn.racter of testimony, that Yee Lung,

IN RE Loo YUE SOON.

643

during the period named, conducted the business ofa merchant in his own name. Nor is it established, in like manner, that the China· man named did not engage in the performance of any manual labor, -except such as was necessary in the conduct of his business as such merchant. The fact that Yee Lung departed from the United States in September, 1892, and prior to the passage of the act of November 3, 1893, does not, in my opinion, make any difference in the character of the testimony required to show the right of a Chinese merchant to enter the United States. The last·named act applies' as well to those who departed from the United States prior to its passage as it does to those who departed after that date. Let Yee Lung be remanded to the custody from whence he was taken.

On Habeas Corpus. Report of special referee and examiner, ree· <>mmending discharge of Loo Yue Soon. Report set aside, and not confirmed, and Loo Yue Soon remanded. See preceding case of In re Yee Lung, 61 Fed. 641. Oharles L. Weller, for Loo Yue Soon. Charles A. Garter, U. S. Atty. MORROW, District Judge. This is a petition in the usual form, presented by Luck Ohu Kee, a Chinaman, on behalf of a country· man, Lao Yue Soon. It appears that the latter was a passenger, and is detained on board the steamship Peru, by the master, on the ground that Loo Yue Soon is not entitled to land, and come into the United States, under the acts of congress relating to Chinese immigration. It is alleged that Loo Yue Soon is a merchant, and a member of the firm of Cum Lung & Co., No. 727 Sacramento street, San Francisco; that he went to China on the steamer Rio de Janeiro, January 14,1893. The petitioner, Luck Chu Kee, claims to be a partner of the detained passenger, and signs his name to the petition, in English, as "Luck Chu Kee;" but in the testimony his name appears as "Jew Kee," and in the list of partners, which he gives in his testimony, his name is given as "Look Jew Kee." The Ohinaman on whose behalf the petition for habeas corpus is presented also appE::ars under <Iifferent names. He is identified in the testimony relating to the partners as "Loo Yone Soon." If these discrepancies are merely errors arising in the tran· scribing of the stenographer's notes, they should, of course, be dis· regarded, but the testimony is otherwise unsatisfactory. Loo Yue Soon testifies that he does not speak English. Belongs to the store of Cum Lung, general merchandise, 727 Sacramento street. Has been a member since 1881. Went to China, January 14, 1893, on the steamship Rio de Janeiro. Has 25 partners. His inter-