Camshaft:

The camshaft sits above the crankshaft in the block, driven by the timing chain.

It
spins in five bearing rings, which are pressed into the engine block.
Holes in the bearings allow for lubrication. Its sixteen eccentrics
are precisely ground, to lift the lifters and open the valves at the
correct time for that cylinders stroke.

There are five measurements taken on the eccentric lobes: Heel diameter, toe section,
the flank, the ramp, and the lift height.