Decades after crash, names of 28 "deportees" are read aloud

Before Monday's Mass, the grave marker for the Mexican nationals killed in a 1948 plane crash did not include their names.

Before Monday's Mass, the grave marker for the Mexican nationals killed in a 1948 plane crash did not include their names. (Michael Robinson Chavez / Los Angeles Times)

Diana Marcum

This post has been corrected. See the note at the bottom for details.

FRESNO -- At a memorial service that was 65 years in the making, decades after Woody Guthrie sang "all they will call you will be deportee," the real names of 28 Mexican nationals killed in a plane crash were read at a Mass here on Monday.

The unexpected moment came when the large crowd spontaneously repeated each name.

In 1948, a plane chartered by U.S. Immigration Services went down in Los Gatos Canyon, in the hills above Coalinga.

All 32 aboard were killed in a fiery crash, including 28 farmworkers, many of whom were part of the former bracero work program. The workers were buried unnamed in a mass grave in Fresno.

Stricken by the anonymity of the grave and the plight of farmworkers in general, Guthrie wrote the poem "Plane Crash at Los Gatos." It was later set to music by schoolteacher Martin Hoffman and the song lived on, recorded by a string of artists, including Bruce Springsteen and Johnny Cash.

In 2009, writer Tim Z. Hernandez began a search for the real names of "the deportees." Once he had the beginnings of a list, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Fresno teamed with him to raise $14,000 for a memorial scroll.

On Monday, the once unnamed deportees' names were unveiled, written in stone.

Salvador Cruz Bolanos, 91, sped his mechanized wheelchair over to the stone while it was still wrapped in a serape.

His daughters had read a newspaper article about the search for the deportees' names. They translated it into Spanish for Bolanos, a former bracero.

"We read the names out loud, and all my father could do was bow his head deeper and deeper," said Norma Bolanos of Fresno. "It was very important for us to be here today."

The crowd came from across the United States and from Mexico. Nuns in blue habits, priests in white robes, Aztec dancers in pink head-dresses and folk-music aficionados in "Peace" T-shirts mingled with parishioners, small children and the few family members of deportees who have been located.

Jaime Ramirez – the grandson of crash victim Ramon Paredes, who had crossed into California to earn money for corn seed for his farm, and the great-nephew of Guadalupe Ramirez Lara, who came to raise money for an irrigation system for his village – read the final names.

With each name the crowd grew louder, repeating after him.

They also sang along with folksinger John McCutcheon as he performed "Plane Wreck at Los Gatos."

After the song's most familiar line "and all they will call you will be deportees," he said, "Let's sing that again, because never, ever again will they be known as just deportees."

For the record, 5:30 p.m. Sept. 2: A previous version of this post said that 23 Mexican nationals were killed in the 1948 plane crash. Twenty-eight Mexican nationals were killed.