Qualificational Differences in the Structure of Archery Training on Different Stages of Long-Term Training

Article excerpt

Scientific researches in archery athletes training open the problems of sportsmen body moves modulation, physiological mechanism of movement habits, removes of mistakes in targeting process, etc. Results of these researches only partly decide the problems of technical training in archery [1, 2, 3].

Scientific researches of exact technical training in archery are mainly oriented on formation of the structure of moves with use of technical means of education, evaluation of technical training, high qualified sportsmen training level improvement [4, 5].

One of the most important technical training improvement direction in archery can be the analysis of main differences between sportsmen of different qualification.

Aim of research: to establish qualificational differences in the structure of archery training on different stages of long-term training

Material and methods

In this pedagogical observation were included: 25 sportsmen from Ukrainian national archery team (13 men and 12 women). By the indicators of different sides of their training level were done the analyses of their differences. This means that they were the etalon for sportsmen that were on the level of specialized basic training. Among them were 7 merited masters of sport, 13 masters of international level and 5 master of sport of Ukraine. Also, 45 athletes that were on the level of specialized basic training were in the team of main Ukrainian archery sport schools: "Elektron" Lviv and "Komunar" Kharkiv.

Results

Determination of sportsmen training level features on stages of maximal realization of individual abilities and specialized basic training and their comparison was done by four main directions [6, 7]:

* Indicators of archery sportsmen total physical training level on different stages of long-term training process;

Summarizing the data of comparative characteristics of the structure of archery sportsmen total physical training level on different stages of long-term training process can be stated that most of studied indicators between men and boys and between women and girls are clear differences (picture 1).

Most clear differences for boys are set in next indicators: coordination abilities (control exercises: "flamingo"; complex of coordination abilities; micro interval time test) and all strength qualities (maximal strength and speed-strength endurance). During this only in some control exercises (micro interval 5 sec. and 15 sec. test, Cooper test and pull-ups) boys results were between 64 and 82 % (p<0,05-0,01) from results of archery sportsmen on the level of maximal realization of individual abilities.

Results of other exercises that were included in the block of boys total physical training level on stage of specialized basic training were from 41 to 51 % from the average result of sportsmen that were on the level of maximal realization of individual abilities (p<0,01-0,001). Only in one control exercise for flexibility control (movement of shoulder joint) advantage was on the side of less qualified sportsmen (p<0,01).

For girls was made a similar structure of differences from sportsmen that were on the stage of maximal realization of individual abilities. At the same time during the test for micro interval time in all ranges results were higher that boys results and were set at the level from 72 to 85% (p<0,05-0,01) with the comparison with more qualified sportsmen. Also results were higher in qualified sportsmen in such exercises as "Cooper test" and "pull-ups on bench", that showed a 73% and 61%. …