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...Chapter 1: Introduction to Business Ethics
Lesson 2: Morality and Moral Standards
In the first lecture I have tried to explain you the concept of Business Ethics, its importance in the organization, and arguments against its implementation. Along with that we did a small activity so as to make everything clear. In this lecture I shall talk about morality and moral standards.
Points to be covered in this lecture:
Meaning and characteristics of morality
Meaning and origin of moral standards
MORALITYWhat do you actually mean by morality?
Morality can be explained in all these ways:
Morality can be defined as the standards that an individual or a group has about what is right and wrong, or good and evil.
Moral quality or character; rightness or wrongness, as of an action; the character of being in accord with the principles or standards of right conduct.
Not imposed from outside, but innate and can even be unconscious. We have a fundamental urge to connect. Ultimately, it's our moral qualities that force us to live in harmony with the unconscious; doing so is the highest form of morality. Morality is individual; the morality of a group decreases as its size increases.
Morality is an informal public system...

...symbolism where God is the creator to all things. A mythical creation intended to the Jewish people is seen in the beginning chapter of the Old Testament in the Bible. However, in Enuma Elish, a myth creation is intended to the Babylonians that has a similar sense to the creation story seen in Genesis. Both of these stories have similarities and difference in the concept of God, creation, meaning and understanding of our God whom created this world we now live in.
The concept of God in Genesis expresses that humans are God’s representatives here on earth, and after Adam and Eve ate from the tree of knowledge of good and bad humans became part of the divine and on the same level with God, signifying that humans will now know from what is good and from what is bad. However, in Enuma Elish one of the Gods named Marduk who became the leader of all Gods defeated the Goddess Tiamate, who is Chaos, and condemned all humans to be servants of the gods forever. Another distinct characteristic in the idea of God between these two story line is that in Genesis their is only one creator whereas in Enuma Elish there are multiple Gods; first there is Aspu and Tiamate, who is Chaos, and later Tiamate gives birth to seven other Gods. Nonetheless, in both of these creational stories they both come to imply that a God is creator.
The concept of creation in the creation myth stories implies symbolism in the book of Genesis, as well as in Enuma Elish. In...

...Human Life is Sacred -A Catholic Perspective
Every human life is sacred and is entitled to a pneuma, or spiritual, way of life dedicated to God and others. The things we do with what we have are what make us who we are. Sometimes we struggle for the things we have, but we strive for the greater good and hope not only for better towards ourselves but mainly those around us. In order to better ourselves we must educate ourselves. Through education we not only make a living but also make a life, which is best used to serve others.
We appreciate the things we struggle for far more than those things we freely acquire. For Dustin Carter, this was his way of living, after experiencing a life-changing incident that would claim his four limbs. Dustin says, “That’s me. I’m a pretty determined person. I’ll sit at something and sit at it for hours until I get it.” This high school student shows how self-discipline, hard work, and dedication can indeed take someone far, farther than their wildest dreams. Pope Paul VI told us, “While it’s easy to be a Catholic, its actually harder to be a good Catholic; and when it’s harder to be a good Catholic, it’s actually easier to be one.” Through hardship and struggle, we achieve a greater sense of Catholicism and Spirituality; although, that doesn’t apply just for our faith. Dustin applies it to his entire being: in his mental strength, in his spirituality, and also in his personality. He could have easily given...

...Vis a vis morality, for us to lay the foundation of the understanding of the term, I deemed it necessary to search for its meaning and I found in Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary: Third Edition that morality is a personal or social set of standards for good or bad behavior and character or the quality of being right, honest, or acceptable. Taking from the definition itself, we can draw out a conclusion that morality is more of a personal encounter of what is morally good or right. It might slightly capture the concept of moral relativism in which according to Steven Luker, is the belief that deals of right and wrong and good and bad are contextually dete3rmined by one’s local culture, as opposed to a theory of morality that holds that good and bad exist as absolute, metaphysical values existing cross naturally, values intrinsic to one’s humanness. But I also deemed it necessary to deal not with any philosopher for it might just create confusion of what my focus is on. I, as ,a concerned citize3n of the Philippines would just like to impart one of the hottest issue in the Philippines specifically the unending debate on the Reproductive Health Bill or commonly known as “RH Bill” as it affects the practical view of the other countries and much worse of the Filipinos themselves.
Before Former Chief Justice Renato Corona was put into the hot seat of the House of the Senate, one striking...

...On Morality/ By Joan Didion
As it happens I am in Death Valley, in a room at the Enterprise Motel and Trailer Park, and it is July, and it is hot. In fact it is 119°. I cannot seem to make the air conditioner work, but there is a small refrigerator, and I can wrap ice cubes in a towel and hold them against the small of my back. With the help of the ice cubes I have been trying to think, because The American Scholar asked me to, in some abstract way about “morality,” a word I distrust more every day, but my mind veers inflexibly toward the particular.
Here are some particulars. At midnight last night, on the road in from Las Vegas to Death Valley Junction, a car hit a shoulder and turned over. The driver, very young and apparently drunk, was killed instantly. His girlfriend was found alive but bleeding internally, deep in shock. I talked this afternoon to the nurse who had driven the girl to the nearest doctor, 185 miles across the floor of the Valley and three ranges of lethal mountain road. The nurse explained that her husband, a talc miner, had stayed on the highway with the boy’s body until the coroner could get over the mountains from Bishop, at dawn today. “You can’t just leave a body on the highway,” she said. “It’s immoral.”
It was one instance in which I did not distrust the word, because she meant something quite specific. She meant that if a body is left alone for even a few minutes on the desert, the coyotes close in and eats the...

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MORALITY
THALINE JACQUET
March 16, 2014
PHIL. 201
PROF. CHRITINA FUSCH
AIU ONLINE
Morality is an important concept that has always generated interest when dealing with business organizations. Some of the business organizations argue that morality in business is important as it ensures that the needs of the customers are fully satisfied. However, with the increased focus on profitability, morality the concepts of morality is no longer considered in most organizations. According to the descriptive sense, morality refers to personal or cultural values, norms or codes of conduct while the normative sense refers to anything that may be right or wrong depending on values of a particular culture (Harris, 2010). The paper this discusses the concepts of morality and its application in business in order to identify its relevance.
Utilitarianism: Conduct should be for the purpose of promoting the greatest happiness of the greatest number of persons.
Categorical Imperatives: Evaluating motivations for actions.
Process Philosophy: Metaphysical reality with change and dynamism.
Moral relativism: Similarities in terms of the moral concepts.
Moral absolutism: Human conduct is right or wrong in any context.
Ethical relativism: Nothing is objectively right or wrong due to the differences in terms of the moral judgments across cultures.
Moral...

...﻿Marticio, Abigail A.
ZPL 111- 3CPM
1. What are the fundamental questions which ethics tries to resolve?
Ethics seeks to resolve questions dealing with human morality—concepts such as good and evil, right and wrong, virtue and vice, justice and crime.
2. Distinguish a human act from act of man.
The difference between human acts and man acts is that human acts are a free will decision. This includes knowledge, freedom and voluntarism When modifiers come into play, then it makes the act become the act of man. The elements are ignorance, passion, fear, violence and habits. You act simultaneously with your feelings.
A human act is an action that is considered to be carried out voluntarily, whereas an act of man is an involuntary action. The distinctions and nuances between an act of man and a human act are often a focus of philosophical debate.
3. What is morality?
Morality is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are good orright and those that are bad, evil or wrong. Morality can be a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy,religion, or culture, or it can derive from a standard that a person believes should be universal.
4. Distinguish moral, immoral, and amoral.
Moral concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior and the goodness or badness of human character.
Immoral actions or...

...WHAT THE H2!?
09-10-13
This is journal entry #20 10:30 AM 8/10/2050: The riots are still raging in the streets and gas prices are $200 a gallon. It has been 15 days since we have been told that there is no more fossil fuels. Our civilization is at the tipping point; like I said there is violent riots in the streets the lights are not turning on and neither is the water. My mom tells me it’s like this because when she was a kid everyone abandoned the idea of “clean energy” because they were told that scientists figured out how to clean up the pollution. No one thought of when we were going to run out fossil fuel and now we have. We need a new source of power, a clean and unlimited reserve of energy, hydrogen.
Hydrogen is a clean and unlimited resource. Hydrogen is a completely clean resource, when used in cars it’s only emission is water vapor and heat. Hydrogen is virtually unlimited when hydrogen runs out our universe will have ended ( most likely one hundred trillion years) 100,000,000,000,000 years from now.
Hydrogen is extremely efficient, it is 3 times more efficient than gasoline. You can get 480 miles a tank with the Toyota FCHV. From coral you can make it all the way to San Diego, CA and go another 156 mi on one tank.
Some argue that hydrogen is very flammable and can explode. Those that argue this are 100% correct but it is not any more flammable than the gasoline in your car right now.
Hydrogen is only $1.80 gallon and 3 times more...