~ PS (Phosphatidylserine), Vitamin E, and Brain Aging

Many people experience a progressive decline in overall cognitive function as they age. Often this begins with a loss in their ability to store and retrieve from short-term memory and to learn new information that progressively worsens over the years.

Phosphatidylserine plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of brain
cell membranes. The breakdown of brain cell membranes prevents glucose and other
nutrients from entering the cell. By protecting the integrity of brain cell
membranes, phosphatidylserine facilitates the efficient transport of
energy-producing nutrients into cells, enhancing brain cell energy metabolism.

Abnormalities in the composition of phosphatidylserine have been found in
patients with Alzheimer's disease (Corrigan et al. 1998).

The recommended dose of phosphatidylserine (PS) is 100 to 300 mg a day.

Free radicals are atoms or groups of atoms that can cause damage to cells by a
process known as oxidation, which impairs the immune system and leads to
infections and degenerative diseases. Free radicals occur as a result of air
pollutants, smoke, radiation, environmental toxins, and processed foods, and are
also released in the human body through sun exposure and stress. Antioxidants
neutralize free radicals and help prevent such free-radical damage as normal
brain aging. Their destructive activity has been implicated in many disease
processes, including stroke and heart disease.

A study by Perrig et al. (1997) compared groups of older people over time and at
a given moment with regard to antioxidant intake and memory performance. The
study found that free recall, recognition, and vocabulary were significantly
related to vitamin C and beta-carotene levels. The levels of these antioxidants
were found to be significant predictors of cognitive function even after
adjusting for possible confounding variables such as differences in education,
age, and gender.

Life Extension Mix is a multinutrient formula that contains the ideal potencies
of antioxidants, vitamins C and E, and beta carotene. It provides an easy and
cost-effective way to supplement the optimal combination of vitamins, minerals,
amino acids, and antioxidants.

The term "vitamin E" refers to a family of eight related, lipid-soluble,
antioxidant compounds widely distributed in plants. The tocopherol and
tocotrienol subfamilies are each composed of alpha, beta, gamma and delta
vitamers having unique biological effects. Different ratios of these compounds
are found in anatomically different parts of a plant. For example, the green
parts of a plant contain mostly alpha tocopherol and the seed germ and bran
contain mostly tocotrienols.

In 1988, the Foundation published an article about studies in Europe showing
phosphatidylserine could slow and reverse the rate of brain cell aging in
laboratory animals. Phosphatidylserine restored mental function in older animals
to levels exceeding those found in some younger animals. Although studies in
humans with Alzheimer's disease were less dramatic, they still produced
significant improvements in cognitive function. In patients with mild dementia,
significant cognitive and behavioral enhancing effects were observed. In one
study with mildly demented elderly patients, the improvement in neural function
continued 30 days after discontinuing phosphatidylserine (PS) therapy. This
suggests that relatively low doses or cyclical dosing of PS therapy over an
extended period of time in healthy people may produce sustained antiaging
results.
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