Preventing, Policing and punishment

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Slide 2

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Situational crime prevention Based on the idea that people will offend if the costs are smaller than the benefits of an offence (i. e. a right realist approach) Solutions are: Target hardening (i.e. making it harder to steal) ­ improving locks on houses, Changing the design of streets to make putting postcode on items so that they're them safer harder to sell. Physical changes in high crime areas to limit the opportunities/ benefits of crime…read more

Slide 3

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Community safety/crime reduction Alongside crime prevention two other actions must happen.. Intervention Community It is important to identify the It's important to involve the local groups most at risk and to community in combating crime intervene to limit their offending i.e. broken window thesis If low level of antisocial behaviour is Risks could be: kept under control then the escalation Low income to more serious crime is stopped Poor housing The community can be strengthened Low school attainment to fight crime by: curfews Street drinking bans Antisocial behaviour orders…read more

Slide 4

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Theory: managing crime in the culture of control Garland (2001) The development of crime prevention is part of the changes in the criminal justice system in late-modern societies The traditional method of dealing with crime was penal welfarism (catching and punishing offenders but rehabilitating them so they can return to society after) Now there is a culture of control which has an adaptive and expressive element: Adaptive: identifying dangerous groups, intervening and changing the way they think and act Expressive: more important for politicians to create the perception that crime is declining then to change crime levels. Their intervention focuses on changing perceptions rather than crime rates…read more

Slide 5

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Theory: Actuarialism Feeley and Simon (1992) Similar analysis to Garland `new penology' has developed In the past: the criminal justice system would catch offenders to punish/rehabilitate them In contemporary society: the criminal justice system focuses on controlling potentially deviant people…read more

Slide 6

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Theory ­ Penetration into society Foucalt + Cohen Community safety policy is a way for the government to diffuse its power into the community The publics concern over crime allows the government to intervene in social activities e.g. the family, school, the community This is because the government say these social activities potential causes of crime…read more