Background New technologies constitute an important cost-driver in healthcare, but the dynamics that lead to their emergence remains poorly understood from a health policy standpoint. The goal of this paper is to clarify how entrepreneurs, investors, and regulatory agencies influence the value of emerging health technologies.

Methods Our 5-year qualitative research program examined the processes through which new health technologies were envisioned, financed, developed and commercialized by entrepreneurial clinical teams operating in Quebec’s (Canada) publicly funded healthcare system.

Results Entrepreneurs have a direct influence over a new technology’s value proposition, but investors actively transform this value. Investors support a technology that can find a market, no matter its intrinsic value for clinical practice or healthcare systems. Regulatory agencies reinforce the “double” value of a new technology —as a health intervention and as an economic commodity— and provide economic worth to the venture that is bringing the technology to market.

Conclusion Policy-oriented initiatives such as early health technology assessment (HTA) and coverage with evidence may provide technology developers with useful input regarding the decisions they make at an early stage. But to foster technologies that bring more value to healthcare systems, policy-makers must actively support the consideration of health policy issues in innovation policy.

Sampat B, Drummond M. Another special relationship? Interactions between health technology policies and health care systems in the United States and the United Kingdom. J Health Polit Policy Law. 2011;36(1):119-139. Doi:10.1215/03616878-1191126

Braunerhjelm P, Henrekson M. Entrepreneurship, institutions, and economic dynamism: lessons from a comparison of the United States and Sweden. Ind Corp Change. 2013;22(1):107-130. Doi:10.1093/icc/dts048