Courses of action are discussed but not disclosed

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Lakhdar Brahimi said he and President Bashar Assad exchanged views on the crisis engulfing Syria.

BEIRUT — The international envoy to Syria said after talks with the country’s leader Monday that the situation was ‘‘worrying’’ and gave no indication of progress toward a negotiated solution for the civil war.

Lakhdar Brahimi’s mission came as activists reported intense fighting in the central province of Hama, where antigovernment gunmen entered the predominantly Alawite town of Maan.

Brahimi has apparently made little progress toward brokering an end to the conflict since starting his job in September, primarily because both sides adamantly refuse to talk to each other.

The government describes the rebels as foreign-backed terrorists set on destroying the country.

The opposition says that forces under Assad’s command have killed too many people for him to be part of any solution. Activists say more than 40,000 people have been killed since the Syrian uprising began in March 2011.

Brahimi’s two-day visit was to end later Monday.

It is his third to Damascus as an envoy of the United Nations and the Arab League.

The security situation in Damascus and elsewhere in the country has declined since Brahimi’s previous visits.

Instead of flying in to the Damascus International Airport as he did on earlier visits, Brahimi drove to Damascus over land from Beirut because of fighting near the airport.

In recent weeks, Russian officials have distanced themselves from Assad as the conflict has worsened.

Russian security officials were quoted in Monday’s edition of the daily Kommersant as saying that Russian diplomats and expatriates in Damascus would be evacuated with the help of special forces, if necessary.

The Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights quoted activists in the central city of Homs as saying that six rebels died in two neighborhoods Sunday night after inhaling white smoke that came out of shells fired on the area.

‘‘We demand that an international team be sent to the area to investigate the type’’ of the shells used, said Rami Abdul-Rahman, observatory chief.

Amateur videos released by activists showed men in hospital beds with breathing problems as doctors placed oxygen masks on their faces. Some of them coughed strongly as they tried to breathe.

‘‘At first, the smell was strong. Then little by little, it got weaker,’’ a man who was identified as a rebel in the area said in the video. ‘‘The smell was like hydrochloric acid, and people started choking and I wasn’t able to breathe.’’ He added.

‘‘My eyes hurt and burned, my head started hurting, I wasn’t able to breathe. I just want to breathe clean air,’’ said the man, who closed his eyes and said he was having difficulty seeing because of the attack.

In nearby Hama Province, where rebels launched an offensive against army checkpoints and posts last week, opposition gunmen entered Maan and raised the ­opposition flag over the main police station, Hama activist Mousab Alhamadee said via Skype.

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