[en] Gestational diabetes mellitus is one of the major medical complications of pregnancy. This review describes the short and long term consequences of this affection, the screening strategy and the diagnosis approach. The obstetrical management and the diabetes treatment with dietary strategies reducing carbohydrate intake and minimising the postprandial glucose levels are explained. Insulin treatment indication, place of insulin analogues, and use of oral antihyperglycaemic agents are also discussed.