Abstract: The highlight of photoacosutic imaging (PAI) is a method that combines ultrasonic
resolution with high contrast due to light absorption. Photoacoustic signals carry the information of
the light absorption distribution of biological tissue, which is often related to its character of
structure, physiological and pathological changes because of different physiology conditions in
response to different light absorption coefficients. A non-invasive PAI system was developed and
successfully acquired in vivo images of mouse brain. Based on the intrinsic PA signals from the
brain, the vascular network and the detailed structures of the mouse cerebral cortex were clearly
visualized. The ability of PAI monitoring of cerebral hemodynamics was also demonstrated by
mapping of the mouse superficial cortex with and without drug stimulation. The extracted PA
signals intensity profiles obviously testified that the cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the mouse brain
was changed under the stimulation of acetazolamide (ACZ). The experimental results suggest that
PAI can provide non-invasive images of blood flow changes, and has the potential for brain
function detection.

Abstract: Capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) is founded with the laser induced fluorescence
detection (LIFD) system. The same model as the detection system is simulated in Tracepro and the
stray light caused by capillaries is analyzed. The stray light distribution of the observation surface is
plotted when the laser scans the different sections of a capillary in the array. The results of
simulation indicate that the stray light is strongest when scanning the inner center of a capillary and
decreases at edges; in two cases (50μm and 75μm inner diameter, ID) when the ID is larger, the
stray light is stronger as a whole. Different ID of capillaries which affects the stray light is
analyzed; considering many factors, 50μm ID of capillary is appropriate. Based on the analysis of
stray light cross-talk by other capillaries in an array, the spacing between capillaries in an array is
suggested more than 50μm which the stray light is steady-going and simple to operate. The results
can be helpful for the mode of the laser scanning different capillaries in an array sequentially.

Abstract: A new method of etching micro-grating structures (MGSs) on the surface of glazed
stainless-steel directly is reported, which makes good use of the interference of nanosecond laser
pulses. Through changing the experimental parameters such as working current of the laser and
source beam diameter, the influences of these parameters on the depth of grooves and duty cycle of
MGSs are analyzed. The results measured with conventional optical microscopy and atomic force
microscopy (AFM) show that the depth of grooves of MGSs varies from 0 nm to 350 nm, the duty
cycle of MGSs changes between 0.4 and 0.9, This method can be used to make a stencil-plate for
nano-imprinting. It extends the application of nanosecond laser in laser-induced microstructures,
and provides a new method for micromachining micro-optical component.

Abstract: In this paper, the modulation transfer function with aberration of a multichannel laser
induced fluorescence analyzer is presented. Based on an f-theta lens, the confocal system was used
both to transform the exciting laser and to collect the fluorescence emitted from sample. The total
MTF is the combination of that of both systems. A simple method for the numerical calculation of
that was also given. From the calculating result we could conclude that the aberration had poor
impact on the MTF of a confocal multichannel fluorescence analyzer and the imaging performance
was uniform in the full field.

Abstract: Recent developments in next generation disc technology, cameras in mobile phones,
zoom-lenses for small digital cameras and camcorders, digital SLRs, and television cameras have
amplified the demand for affordable optical systems with outstanding image quality, a combination
that can only be achieved using aspheric surfaces. The metrology of aspheric surfaces is a classical
problem, but solutions so far have not fulfilled all demands for system cost, TACT (Total Average
Cycle Time), minimized tooling, measurement uncertainty, spatial resolution, robustness in a
production environment and many more. Zygo Corp. presents here a new method [1,2] for
measurement of rotationally symmetrical aspheric surfaces using a new commercial system, which
has the potential to fulfill these industry requirements. During measurement, the surface is scanned
along its symmetry axis in a Fizeau cavity with a spherical reference surface. The coordinates x,y,z
at the (moving) zone of normal incidence are derived from simultaneous phase-measurements at the
apex and zone. Phase-shifting Fizeau interferometry and displacement interferometry are combined
in the new commercial system to realize this new method. Aspheric departure from a best-fitsphere
approaching 800 microns can be measured, and absolute measurement is possible with an
absolutely calibrated transmission sphere.
A custom parabolic artifact is measured with conventional null Fizeau interferometry and by the
new commercial system. Data is reported for each technique along with a difference map achieved
by fiducialized data subtract where 32.0 nm peak-to-valley (PV) and 3.6 nm R.M.S. are achieved.

Abstract: A novel multi-channel DNA fragment analysis system is presented，which is based on
single PMT confocal fluorescence detection and optical scanning adopting an f-theta lens. Capillary
electrophoresis experiments were executed in the system for DNA marker pBR322/Hae III. Signal
was processed with wavelet denoising. The system’s limit of detection (dsDNA with the probe of
Thiazole Orange, TO) was evaluated to be 1.1841×10-11mol/L. Its working noise is much lower
compared with that based on mechanical scanning one, and the stability and detecting sensitivity is
high. The system was expected to be applied to both capillary array and microchip electrophoresis
detection based on laser-induced fluorescence.

Abstract: The characteristic of overall structure for CMOS image sensor has been studied in this
research. A three-dimensional solid model of CMOS image sensor based on finite element ANSYS
software is developed to predict the thermo-induced strain and the stress induced by moisture
absorption. The predicted thermal-induced displacements were found to be very good agreement
with the Moiré interferometer experimental in-plane deformation. The developed finite element 3D
model, therefore, is applied to simulate the mechanism of thermal and hygroscopic stresses based
on JEDEC pre-condition standard JESD22-A120. A series of comprehensive parametric studies
were conducted in this research. The design rules for thermal optimization of CMOS image senor
are summarized.

Abstract: A fast photo-acoustic (PA) imaging system was developed and tested on phantom
sample, which consists of an acoustic lens，a multi-element linear transducer array, and the peak
detection circuit. The multi-element linear transducer array consists of 64 elements. By utilizing an
acoustic lens, the PA signals generated from the sample are imaged and detected by a multi-element
linear transducer array, which directly changes the PA signals into the homologous electronic
signals. Thus we can map the image more rapidly, with the peak detection circuit, which was
designed specially. Compared to other exiting technology and algorithm, the PA imaging system
based on an acoustic lens and the peak detection technology was characterized with speediness and
real-time. The images reconstructed in this experiment have high definition and resolution，and
may have potential for developing an appliance for clinical diagnosis.

Abstract: In order to do the precision grinding of optical aspheric lens, it is essential to achieve
high quality surface roughness. Experiments show that the contacting area between the wheel and
workpiece in a grinding process is critical to influence the surface roughness for a fine grit size
resin bonded wheel. The precision grinding are performed with BK7 optical lens. This paper deals
with the grinding of an aspheric surface optical lens by diamond wheel. This study also compares
each machining parameter (work spindle speed, wheel spindle speed, feedrate, etc.) in rough
grinding, fine grinding and polishing on the aspheric lens. In this study, several experiments were
carried out BK7 optical glass lens by using vitrified, metal, resin bond diamond wheel and the
polisher of urethane ball was used to remove the tool marks with an ultra-precision in-line grinding
system. It was found that machining parameters significantly influence the surface roughness of
aspheric optical lens.

Abstract: This study presents the development of an ultra-precision grinding system based on a
new grinding technique called the “In-Process Grinding Method (IPGM)”. IPGM which is used for
grinding aspheric lens increases both the production and grinding performance, and significantly
decreases total production costs. To enhance the precision grinding productivity of ultra-precision
aspheric lens, we present here an ultra-precision grinding system and process for the aspheric
micro-lens. The tool path was calculated and CNC program generation and tool path compensation
were performed for aspheric lens. Using this ultra-precision grinding system, aspheric lens, 4mm in
diameter, were successfully performed. The profile error after the first grinding without any
compensation was less than 0.6μm, and surface roughness Ra was 0.01μm. In-process grinding was
performed with compensation. Results of the profile accuracy P-V 0.3μm and surface roughness Ra
0.006 μm were obtained.