GARCIA v. BYNUM

Before the Court is defendant John H. Bynum's motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, or for a new trial. This personal injury action was tried to a jury in January, 1986, which returned a verdict in favor of plaintiff Jose Garcia in the amount of $80,000. Defendant moves to have this decision set aside on the grounds that the verdict is contrary to the law and evidence presented, that no reasonable person could have found for plaintiff based on the evidence adduced at the trial, and that the verdict is based on sympathy, passion or prejudice. For the reasons set forth below, the Court grants defendant's motion.

On April 17, 1983, plaintiff was struck by a car driven by defendant while crossing in the vicinity of Fessenden Street, in northwest Washington, D.C. As a result of the accident, plaintiff suffered, among other injuries, a fractured leg. At trial, plaintiff gave the following account of the incident:

Earlier, at his deposition, plaintiff had stated that he and Eduardo had walked thirteen or fourteen yards south along the sidewalk before stepping into the street, rather than entering it in front of the Godfather's Restaurant. Plaintiff also drew a diagram of the scene of the accident at the deposition, and marked a Xeroxed photograph, both of which indicated that he entered the street further south than the restaurant. He also stated that Eduardo crossed the street about twenty seconds before him, emerging from between different parked cars. These inconsistencies in his testimony were, of course, brought to the jury's attention at the trial. When confronted with them, he stated that he had been confused and intimidated during the deposition.

Officer Maloney, the police officer who investigated the accident, testified that it occurred in approximately the center of lane one -- the lane closest to the curb -- about mid-block between Fessenden and Ellicot Streets. He stated that the impact on the car was on the right side near the right front wheel, and that the vehicle had swerved to the left in an attempt to avoid the collision. He measured the skid marks produced by defendant as thirty-five feet before impact and thirty feet after. An official report prepared at the time of the accident confirmed his testimony. In addition, an independent eyewitness, Lt. Tcath, testified that plaintiff stepped into the street in front of Friendship Deli, approximately mid-block, and was struck in lane one, close to the center lane. These accounts of the accident coincided with defendant's.

The Court is well aware that motions for judgment notwithstanding the verdict are much disfavored, and should not be granted "unless the evidence, together with all inferences that can reasonably be drawn therefrom is so one-sided that reasonable men could not disagree on the result." Romero v. National Rifle Association of America, Inc, 242 U.S. App. D.C. 55, 749 F.2d 77, 79 (D.C. Cir. 1984). The Court must weigh the evidence in the light most favorable to the plaintiff, and give him the advantage of every fair and reasonable inference. Metrocare v. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, 220 U.S. App. D.C. 104, 679 F.2d 922, 924-25 (D.C. Cir. 1982). The Court is not to substitute its judgment for that of the jury, nor weigh the credibility of witnesses. Carter v. Duncan-Huggins, Ltd., 234 U.S. App. D.C. 126, 727 F.2d 1225, 1227-28 (3d Cir. 1984). Given this standard, it is the rare case in which a court is justified in granting judgment notwithstanding the verdict. Nevertheless, this is such a case.

The fact that several people crossed the street safely shortly before him is entirely irrelevant. No reasonable juror could conclude that a pedestrian crossing in the middle of the street at night, fully aware that a car was approaching, was acting reasonably simply because others had crossed before him. It may be perfectly reasonable to cross a street at one moment, and suicidally dangerous the next; the reasonableness of a pedestrian's crossing of a street can only be judged at the moment he or she crosses it, and not at some time shortly before or after, when others cross. Moreover, it may be that the other pedestrians acted unreasonably too in crossing the street when they did, or that they crossed it much more rapidly than plaintiff. In any event, the mere fact that others had crossed the street before him in no way excuses plaintiff's failure to look to see if defendant's car had stopped. It was simply unreasonable for plaintiff to cross as he did in the middle of the block, with knowledge that a car was approaching, without looking around; that others crossed ahead of him in no way negates his inattentiveness or makes it reasonable.

So too, the fact that plaintiff believed a sign opposite him on Wisconsin Avenue indicated that it was appropriate to cross the street at that point
*fn1"
in no way excuses his heedlessness. The sign certainly did not guarantee his safety such that he could reasonably cross the street without paying any attention to defendant's car or any other traffic. The mere fact that plaintiff believed it was legal to cross the street in the middle of the block simply has no bearing on whether or not he exercised due care when he crossed; it clearly is not evidence from which a jury could find that his failure to watch for oncoming traffic was reasonable.

For all the foregoing reasons, the Court will grant defendant's motion and enter judgment, notwithstanding the verdict, in favor of defendant. It is this 27th day of May, 1986.

SO ORDERED.

JUDGMEN ...

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