Diseases & conditions A-Z List

Diseases & Conditions A-Z List - «T»:

Tooth anatomyThe visible portion of the tooth is the crown. The outer surface of the crown is made of enamel. Just beneath the enamel is dentin, a substance harder than bone. The gum surrounds the base of the tooth.
The root of the tooth extends down into the jaw bone and provides circulation and sensation to th...

Tooth decay - early childhoodTooth decay in early childhood occurs most often in the upper and lower front teeth (incisors) and can be a serious problem.
Information
Your child needs strong, healthy baby teeth. These teeth help your child chew food, speak, and have enough space in his or her jaw for the adult teeth to grow in ...

Tooth formation - delayed or absentDelayed or absent tooth formation; Teeth - delayed or absent formation
Considerations
The timing of the first appearance of teeth varies. Most infants get their first tooth between 6 and 9 months, although earlier or later eruption may be normal.
In some cases, children or adults are missing teeth ...

ToothachesToothache is pain in or around a tooth.
Considerations
A toothache is generally the result of dental cavities (tooth decay) or sometimes an infection. Tooth decay is often caused by poor dental hygiene, although the tendency to get tooth decay is partly inherited.
Sometimes, pain that's felt in the...

Toothpaste overdoseToothpaste is a product used to clean teeth. This article discusses the effects of swallowing a lot of toothpaste.
This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. If you have an exposure, you should call your local emergency number (such as 9...

TORCH screenThe TORCH screen is a blood test that checks for several different infections in a newborn. TORCH stands for toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, and HIV.
Sometimes the test is spelled TORCHS, where the extra "S" stands for syphilis.
How the Test is Performed
The health care pro...

TorticollisTorticollis is a twisted neck in which the head is tipped to one side, while the chin is turned to the other.
Causes
Torticollis may be:
Inherited: Due to specific changes in your genes
Acquired: Develops as a result of damage to the nervous system or muscles
If the condition occurs without a kno...

Total abdominal colectomyTotal abdominal colectomy is the removal of the large intestine from the ileum (lowest part of the small intestine) to the rectum. After it is removed, the end of the small intestine is sewn to the rectum.
Description
You will receive general anesthesia right before your surgery. This will make yo...

Total anomalous pulmonary venous returnTotal anomalous pulmonary venous return is a congenital heart disease (present at birth) in which none of the four veins that take blood from the lungs to the heart is attached to the left atrium (left upper chamber of the heart).
Causes
The cause of total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) ...

Total colectomy or proctocolectomy - dischargeYou had surgery to remove your large intestine. Your anus and rectum also may have been removed. You also may have had an ileostomy.
What to Expect at Home
If your rectum or anus remains, you may still have the feeling that you need to move your bowels. You may also leak stool during the first few ...

Total iron binding capacityTotal iron binding capacity (TIBC) is a blood test that shows if there is too much or too little iron in the blood. Iron is carried in the blood attached to the protein transferrin. This test helps measure the ability of a protein called transferrin to carry iron in the blood.
How the Test is Perfo...

Total parenteral nutritionTotal parenteral nutrition (TPN) will help you or your child get nutrition from a special formula through a vein in the body. Your doctor will select the right amount of calories and TPN solution. Sometimes, you can also eat and drink while getting nutrition from TPN.
Your nurse will teach you how t...

Total parenteral nutrition - infantsTotal parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a method of feeding that bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. Fluids are given into a vein to provide most of the necessary nutrients the body needs. The method is used when a person cannot or should not receive feedings or fluids by mouth.
Sick or premature newbo...

Total proctocolectomy and ileal - anal pouchTotal proctocolectomy and ileal-anal pouch surgery is the removal of the large intestine and most of the rectum. The surgery is done in one or two stages.
Description
You will receive general anesthesia right before your surgery. This will make you unconscious and unable to feel pain.
During the f...

Total proctocolectomy with ileostomy Total proctocolectomy with ileostomy is surgery to remove all of the colon (part of the large intestine), rectum, and anus.
Description
You will receive general anesthesia right before your surgery. This will make you unconscious and unable to feel pain.
For your proctocolectomy:
Your surgeon wil...