13 Robert Schindler, “Prohibited Subjects of Bargaining: What They Mean, What They Don’t, and How to Use Them” (Michigan Negotiators Association, Oct. 9, 2013), accessed Feb. 7, 2014, http://goo.gl/VO8EWh.

14 Eric Griggs and Tom White, “Hot Topics in Labor: MASB and MASA Legislative Conference” (Michigan Association of School Boards, March 15, 2012); Robert Schindler, “Prohibited Subjects of Bargaining: What They Mean, What They Don’t, and How to Use Them” (Michigan Negotiators Association, Oct. 9, 2013), accessed Feb. 7, 2014, http://goo.gl/VO8EWh.

21 “Agreement between Bay City Public Schools and Bay City Education Association Covering the Year 2011-2012” (School District of the City of Bay City, Jan. 27, 2012), 87, accessed Feb. 7, 2014, http://goo.gl/ytwvi3.

22 “Agreement between the Board of the Berkley School District and the Berkley Education Association, MEA/NEA” (Berkley School District, June 11, 2012), 86, accessed Feb. 7, 2014, http://goo.gl/bKfzCJ.

31 “Agreement between the Board of Education of the Midland Public Schools and the Midland City Education Association” (Midland Public Schools, March 25, 2013), 77, accessed Feb. 10, 2014, http://goo.gl/ZGHqT3.

38 “Master Agreement Betwen West Branch-Rose City Area School District and West Branch-Rose City Education Association” (West Branch-Rose City Area School District, July 1, 2012), accessed Feb. 10, 2014, http://goo.gl/jtd8nl.

62 “Agreement Between Board of Education of the Okemos Public School District and the Ingham Clinton Education Association” (Okemos Public School District, March 11, 2013), 15, accessed Feb. 12, 2014, http://goo.gl/P7pk7G.

65 “Agreement between Bay City Public Schools and Bay City Education Association Covering the Year 2011-2012” (School District of the City of Bay City, Jan. 27, 2012), 87–109, accessed Feb. 7, 2014, http://goo.gl/ytwvi3.

96 “Master Agreement between the Board of Education of the School District of the City of Holland and the Holland Education Association” (School District of the City of Holland, 2013), 7, accessed Feb. 25, 2014, http://goo.gl/RuOnzh.

106 “Agreement between the Board of Education of the Midland Public Schools and the Midland City Education Association” (Midland Public Schools, March 25, 2013), Preamble, accessed Feb. 10, 2014, http://goo.gl/ZGHqT3.

107 “Master Agreement between the Milan Area School District and the Milan Education Association” (Milan Area School District, 2013), 5, accessed Feb. 25, 2014, http://goo.gl/mJJcpf.

115 “2012-2016 Master Agreement between the Board of Education of the South Lyon Community School District and the South Lyon Education Association, MEA/NEA” (South Lyon Community School District, 2012), 1, accessed Feb. 25, 2014, http://goo.gl/PXRsEI.

117 “Professional Agreement with Teachers between the Board of Education of the St. Joseph Public Schools and the Northern Berrien County Education Association, MEA/NEA September 1, 2012 - August 31, 2013” (St. Joseph Public Schools), 36, accessed Feb. 28, 2014, http://goo.gl/URqTUV.

122 “Agreement between The Board of Education of the Waterford School District and the Waterford Education Association” (Waterford School District, 2013), 30, accessed Feb. 25, 2014, http://goo.gl/F45zEH.

124 “Master Agreement between the West Bloomfield School District Board of Education and the West Bloomfield Education Association, MEA-NEA” (West Bloomfield School District, Sept. 1, 2012), 58, accessed Feb. 10, 2014, http://goo.gl/JL7tS3.

125 “Agreement by and between Western Education Association JCEA/MEA/NEA and Western School District Board of Education” (Western School District, 2013), 1, accessed Feb. 25, 2014, http://goo.gl/IlhN3E.

129 “Professional Agreement 2008-2013” (Clintondale Community Schools, 2008), 19, accessed Feb. 28, 2014, http://goo.gl/RZdNIs. Though the contract was signed before the 2011 reforms took effect, a subsequent extension agreement was signed on March 13, 2013, which extended the identified prohibited provision.

131 “Master Contract between the Farmington Board of Education and the F.E.A., MEA/NEA 2007-2010”, 2007, 54–55, http://goo.gl/PbRHZx. Though this contract was signed before the 2011 reforms took effect, subsequent tentative agreements did not amend the identified prohibited language. For more, see: “Tentative Agreement between Farmington Public Schools and the Farmington Education Association, MEA-NEA” (Farmington Public Schools, 2013), accessed Feb. 28, 2014, http://goo.gl/LgVaVA.

132 “2009-2014 Agreement and 2014-2016 Extension Agreement Between the Board of Education of the Fraser Public Schools District and MEA-NEA, Local 1” (The Fraser Public Schools District, 2014), 33, 48–51, accessed Feb. 28, 2014, http://goo.gl/G9zC4G.

134 “2011-2014 Contract Agreement Between The Garden City Education Association And The Board of Education Of The School District of the City of Garden City Michigan” (The School District of the City of Garden City, 2011), 67, accessed Feb. 28, 2014, http://goo.gl/qXVSCg.

135 “Agreement between the Board of Education of the School District of the City of Hamtramck and the Hamtramck Federation of Teachers Local 1052” (School District of the City of Hamtramck, 2011), 11–12, accessed Feb. 28, 2014, http://goo.gl/Z2GhJY.

144 “Master Agreement between Rochester Community Schools Board of Education and the Rochester Education Association, MEA/NEA” (Rochester Community Schools, 2012), 27, accessed Feb. 28, 2014, http://goo.gl/FvPv7G. A separate appendix on page 75 includes the language as well and states that if the law is modified or struck down, the district and union will renegotiate.

145 Language included in main contract does state that “Sections of the Article are unenforceable by law and thus non-grievable for certified staff,” though it does not provide any further guidance in how to interpret this language. “Agreement Betwen Rockford Board of Education Rockford Public Schools and Kent County Education Association and Rockford Educational Association” (Rockford Public Schools, 2013), 19, accessed Feb. 25, 2014, http://goo.gl/JfcnLx.

147 Contract states that provisions that are “inconsistent” with the law will not be followed, but does not identifying them. “Master Agreement for the West Ottawa Public Schools and the West Ottawa Education Association” (West Ottawa Public Schools, Aug. 30, 2011), 13–17, 88, accessed Feb. 11, 2014, http://goo.gl/359HIB.

148 “Agreement Between The Board of Education of the School District of the City of Wyandotte and Wayne County-MEA/NEA Wyandotte Education Association” (School District of the City of Wyandotte, 2012), 10–12, accessed Feb. 28, 2014, http://goo.gl/7mTVDZ.