To provide for a biennial budget process and a biennial appropriations
process and to enhance oversight and the performance of the Federal
Government.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the `Biennial Budgeting and Appropriations
Act'.

SEC. 2. REVISION OF TIMETABLE.

Section 300 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 631) is
amended to read as follows:

`TIMETABLE

`Sec. 300. (a) In General- Except as provided by subsection (b), the
timetable with respect to the congressional budget process for any Congress
(beginning with the One Hundred Eleventh Congress) is as follows:

`(b) Special Rule- In the case of any first session of Congress that
begins in any year immediately following a leap year and during which
the term of a President (except a President who succeeds himself or
herself) begins, the following dates shall supersede those set forth
in subsection (a):

(B) inserting after the second sentence the following: `On or before
April 1 of each odd-numbered year (or, if applicable, as provided
by section 300(b)), the Committee on the Budget of each House shall
report to its House the concurrent resolution on the budget referred
to in subsection (a) for the biennium beginning on October 1 of
that year.'.

(6) GOALS FOR REDUCING UNEMPLOYMENT- Section 301(f) of such Act (2
U.S.C. 632(f)) is amended by striking `fiscal year' each place it
appears and inserting `biennium'.

SEC. 4. AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 31, UNITED STATES CODE.

(a) Definition- Section 1101 of title 31, United States Code, is amended
by adding at the end thereof the following new paragraph:

`(3) `biennium' has the meaning given to such term in paragraph (11)
of section 3 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act
of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 622(11)).'.

(b) Budget Contents and Submission to the Congress-

(1) SCHEDULE- The matter preceding paragraph (1) in section 1105(a)
of title 31, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:

`(a) On or before the first Monday in February of each odd-numbered
year (or, if applicable, as provided by section 300(b) of the Congressional
Budget Act of 1974), beginning with the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress,
the President shall transmit to the Congress, the budget for the biennium
beginning on October 1 of such calendar year. The budget of the United
States Government transmitted under this subsection shall include a
budget message and summary and supporting information. The President
shall include in each budget the following:'.

(2) EXPENDITURES- Section 1105(a)(5) of title 31, United States Code,
is amended by striking `the fiscal year for which the budget is submitted
and the 4 fiscal years after that year' and inserting `each fiscal
year in the biennium for which the budget is submitted and in the
succeeding 4 fiscal years'.

(3) RECEIPTS- Section 1105(a)(6) of title 31, United States Code,
is amended by striking `the fiscal year for which the budget is submitted
and the 4 fiscal years after that year' and inserting `each fiscal
year in the biennium for which the budget is submitted and in the
succeeding 4 years'.

(4) BALANCE STATEMENTS- Section 1105(a)(9)(C) of title 31, United
States Code, is amended by striking `the fiscal year' and inserting
`each fiscal year in the biennium'.

(5) FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES- Section 1105(a)(12) of title 31, United
States Code, is amended in subparagraph (A), by striking `the fiscal
year' and inserting `each fiscal year in the biennium'.

(6) ALLOWANCES- Section 1105(a)(13) of title 31, United States Code,
is amended by striking `the fiscal year' and inserting `each fiscal
year in the biennium'.

(7) ALLOWANCES FOR UNCONTROLLED EXPENDITURES- Section 1105(a)(14)
of title 31, United States Code, is amended by striking `that year'
and inserting `each fiscal year in the biennium for which the budget
is submitted'.

(8) TAX EXPENDITURES- Section 1105(a)(16) of title 31, United States
Code, is amended by striking `the fiscal year' and inserting `each
fiscal year in the biennium'.

(9) FUTURE YEARS- Section 1105(a)(17) of title 31, United States Code,
is amended--

(A) by striking `the fiscal year following the fiscal year' and
inserting `each fiscal year in the biennium following the biennium';

(B) by striking `that following fiscal year' and inserting `each
such fiscal year'; and

(C) by striking `fiscal year before the fiscal year' and inserting
`biennium before the biennium'.

(10) PRIOR YEAR OUTLAYS- Section 1105(a)(18) of title 31, United States
Code, is amended--

(2) CHANGES- Section 1106(b) of title 31, United States Code, is amended
by--

(A) striking `the fiscal year' and inserting `each fiscal year in
the biennium';

(B) inserting after `Before July 16 of each year' the following:
`and February 15 of each even-numbered year'; and

(C) striking `submitted before July 16' and inserting `required
by this subsection'.

(g) Current Programs and Activities Estimates-

(1) IN GENERAL- Section 1109(a) of title 31, United States Code, is
amended--

(A) by striking `On or before the first Monday after January 3 of
each year (on or before February 5 in 1986)' and inserting `At the
same time the budget required by section 1105 is submitted for a
biennium'; and

(B) by striking `the following fiscal year' and inserting `each
fiscal year of such period'.

(2) JOINT ECONOMIC COMMITTEE- Section 1109(b) of title 31, United
States Code, is amended by striking `March 1 of each year' and inserting
`within 6 weeks of the President's budget submission for each odd-numbered
year (or, if applicable, as provided by section 300(b) of the Congressional
Budget Act of 1974)'.

(h) Year-Ahead Requests for Authorizing Legislation- Section 1110 of
title 31, United States Code, is amended by--

(1) striking `May 16' and inserting `March 31'; and

(2) striking `year before the year in which the fiscal year begins'
and inserting `calendar year preceding the calendar year in which
the biennium begins'.

SEC. 5. TWO-YEAR APPROPRIATIONS; TITLE AND STYLE OF APPROPRIATIONS
ACTS.

Section 105 of title 1, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:

`Sec. 105. Title and style of appropriations Acts

`(a) The style and title of all Acts making appropriations for the support
of the Government shall be as follows: `An Act making appropriations
(here insert the object) for each fiscal year in the biennium of fiscal
years (here insert the fiscal years of the biennium).'.

`(b) All Acts making regular appropriations for the support of the Government
shall be enacted for a biennium and shall specify the amount of appropriations
provided for each fiscal year in such period.

`(c) For purposes of this section, the term `biennium' has the same
meaning as in section 3(11) of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment
Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 622(11)).'.

SEC. 6. MULTIYEAR AUTHORIZATIONS.

(a) In General- Title III of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 is
amended by adding at the end the following new section:

`AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS

`Sec. 316. (a) Point of Order- It shall not be in order in the House
of Representatives or the Senate to consider--

`(1) any bill, joint resolution, amendment, motion, or conference
report that authorizes appropriations for a period of less than 2
fiscal years, unless the program, project, or activity for which the
appropriations are authorized will require no further appropriations
and will be completed or terminated after the appropriations have
been expended; and

`(2) in any odd-numbered year, any authorization or revenue bill or
joint resolution until Congress completes action on the biennial budget
resolution, all regular biennial appropriations bills, and all reconciliation
bills.

`(1) any measure that is privileged for consideration pursuant to
a rule or statute;

`(2) any matter considered in Executive Session; or

`(3) an appropriations measure or reconciliation bill.'.

(b) Amendment to Table of Contents- The table of contents set forth
in section 1(b) of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control
Act of 1974 is amended by adding after the item relating to section
315 the following new item:

`Sec. 316. Authorizations of appropriations.'.

SEC. 7. GOVERNMENT PLANS ON A BIENNIAL BASIS.

(a) Strategic Plans- Section 306 of title 5, United States Code, is
amended--

(B) by striking `at least every three years' and inserting `at least
every 4 years'; and

(C) by striking beginning with `, except that' through `four years';
and

(3) in subsection (c), by inserting a comma after `section' the second
place it appears and adding `including a strategic plan submitted
by September 30, 2013 meeting the requirements of subsection (a)'.

(b) Budget Contents and Submission to Congress- Paragraph (28) of section
1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, is amended by striking `beginning
with fiscal year 1999, a' and inserting `beginning with fiscal year
2014, a biennial'.

(c) Performance Plans- Section 1115 of title 31, United States Code,
is amended--

(1) in subsection (a)--

(A) in the matter before paragraph (1)--

(i) by striking `section 1105(a)(29)' and inserting `section 1105(a)(28)';
and

(ii) by striking `an annual' and inserting `a biennial';

(B) in paragraph (1) by inserting after `program activity' the following:
`for both years 1 and 2 of the biennial plan';

(C) in paragraph (5) by striking `and' after the semicolon;

(D) in paragraph (6) by striking the period and inserting a semicolon;
and inserting `and' after the inserted semicolon; and

(E) by adding after paragraph (6) the following:

`(7) cover a 2-year period beginning with the first fiscal year of
the next biennial budget cycle.';

(2) in subsection (d) by striking `annual' and inserting `biennial';
and

(3) in paragraph (6) of subsection (f) by striking `annual' and inserting
`biennial'.

(d) Managerial Accountability and Flexibility- Section 9703 of title
31, United States Code, relating to managerial accountability, is amended--

(3) in subsection (b), by striking `at least every three years' and
inserting `at least every 4 years'; and

(4) in subsection (c), by inserting a comma after `section' the second
place it appears and inserting `including a strategic plan submitted
by September 30, 2013 meeting the requirements of subsection (a)'.

(g) Performance Plans- Section 2803(a) of title 39, United States Code,
is amended--

(1) in the matter before paragraph (1), by striking `an annual' and
inserting `a biennial';

(2) in paragraph (1), by inserting after `program activity' the following:
`for both years 1 and 2 of the biennial plan';

(3) in paragraph (5), by striking `and' after the semicolon;

(4) in paragraph (6), by striking the period and inserting `; and';
and

(5) by adding after paragraph (6) the following:

`(7) cover a 2-year period beginning with the first fiscal year of
the next biennial budget cycle.'.

(h) Committee Views of Plans and Reports- Section 301(d) of the Congressional
Budget Act (2 U.S.C. 632(d)) is amended by adding at the end `Each committee
of the Senate or the House of Representatives shall review the strategic
plans, performance plans, and performance reports, required under section
306 of title 5, United States Code, and sections 1115 and 1116 of title
31, United States Code, of all agencies under the jurisdiction of the
committee. Each committee may provide its views on such plans or reports
to the Committee on the Budget of the applicable House.'.

(i) Effective Date-

(1) IN GENERAL- The amendments made by this section shall take effect
on March 1, 2013.

(2) AGENCY ACTIONS- Effective on and after the date of enactment of
this Act, each agency shall take such actions as necessary to prepare
and submit any plan or report in accordance with the amendments made
by this Act.

SEC. 8. BIENNIAL APPROPRIATIONS BILLS.

(a) In General- Title III of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2
U.S.C. 631 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

`CONSIDERATION OF BIENNIAL APPROPRIATIONS BILLS

`Sec. 317. It shall not be in order in the House of Representatives
or the Senate in any odd-numbered year to consider any regular bill
providing new budget authority or a limitation on obligations under
the jurisdiction of any of the subcommittees of the Committees on Appropriations
for only the first fiscal year of a biennium, unless the program, project,
or activity for which the new budget authority or obligation limitation
is provided will require no additional authority beyond 1 year and will
be completed or terminated after the amount provided has been expended.'.

(b) Amendment to Table of Contents- The table of contents set forth
in section 1(b) of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control
Act of 1974 is amended by adding after the item relating to section
316 the following new item:

`Sec. 317. Consideration of biennial appropriations bills.'.

SEC. 9. REPORT ON TWO-YEAR FISCAL PERIOD.

Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the
Director of OMB shall--

(1) determine the impact and feasibility of changing the definition
of a fiscal year and the budget process based on that definition to
a 2-year fiscal period with a biennial budget process based on the
2-year period; and

(2) report the findings of the study to the Committees on the Budget
of the House of Representatives and the Senate.

SEC. 10. EFFECTIVE DATE.

Except as provided in section 7, this Act and the amendments made by
this Act shall take effect on January 1, 2013, and shall apply to budget
resolutions and appropriations for the biennium beginning with fiscal
year 2014.