Malcolm Dando, The New Biological Weapons: Threat, Proliferation, and Control (2001), looks at the challenges caused by technical advances in the field of biology and the means to cope with the increasing threats of future biological weapons.

Frederick R. Sidell, Ernest T. Takafuji, and David R. Franz (eds.), Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare (1997), is an excellent introduction to both the history and the medical aspects of biological warfare.

Ken Alibek and Stephen Handleman, Biohazard (1999), is the best single book on the dimensions and details of the former Soviet biological warfare program by the top scientist (Alibek) in the program.

Sheldon H. Harris, Factories of Death: Japanese Biological Warfare 1932–1945 and the American Cover-up, rev. ed. (2002), is the best single history of the Japanese biological warfare program from the 1930s until the end of World War II.

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