Human Anatomy & Physiology: Nervous System

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What are the differences between myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers, and where are each found?

a myelinated nerve fiber is protected with a sheath(myeline), allowing impulses to move much more quickly and to stay inside of the myeline(like electrical tape), and is in white matter, found in the brain and spinal cord. Unmyelated is slower, and found in the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord.

What cells are found in the peripheral nervous system?

Satellite and Schwann Cells. Schwann cells produce myeline for axons in the PNS.

When an action potential comes across a synaptic knob, the vesicles containing a neurotransmitter will be released but what type of ions must be released prior to these vesicles to release that neurotransmitter?