Ecofeminism in the Twenty-First Century. by Susan Buckingham Introduction Since 'ecofeminism' was developed as a concept in the 1970s (1), there have been, arguably, major policy shifts in the fields of gender (in)equality and environmental sustainability. Thus a consideration of the achievements of, and work outstanding for, ecological feminism is warranted. In this paper, I will assess the changing policy landscape to explore the extent to which this has structurally altered gender inequalities and societies' treatment of the environment, and the imbrication of these two processes. In order to do so, I will look at the rising profile of gender mainstreaming at the international, European Union (2) and European national level; the application of the 'feminism' debate to environmental concerns; and the shifting of the 'radical edge' of ecofeminism, to explore future possible trajectories (see, for example, Plumwood 2003; Seager 2003). To some extent, I will suggest that the transformation of policy and development rhetoric to include gender, as distinct from women's issues (itself, arguably, a 'post-feminist' dilution of women's equality), masks a fundamental attachment to 'business-as-usual', where social roles, pay differentials, political representation and environmental degradation remain little changed. However, there is, I argue, sufficient evidence to identify the influence of ecofeminist thinking on major policy initiatives concerning the relationship between women, men and environment at a variety of scales. The central question of this paper, then, is whether ecofeminism (as a distinct discourse, or as an amalgam of feminism and environmentalism constructed in different times and places in different ways) has changed the way in which Western society articulates the relationship between men, women and the environment. This, of course, is a problematic and speculative exercise and will follow from an analysis of how discourse and practice themselves have changed. This paper will consider key changes to gender equality as it is linked to environmental sustainability, and explore how women's/feminists' interests have helped to shape the environmental debate in the past decade. I will try to unpick dominant discourses which, on the one hand, are beginning to 'naturalize' (some would say neutralize) environmental concerns (where the terms sustainable development and environmental sustainability are common currency but poorly understood to the point of being anodyne), but on the other hand are marginalizing feminism, to examine the impact of this on 'ecofeminism'. Finally, I will explore the territory of ecofeminism's leading/radical edge to speculate on where this may take both conceptual understanding and policy in the future. First, however, to put this discussion into context, I will briefly review ecofeminist arguments to illustrate their range, before focusing on the constructivist approach, which has had the most traction in gender/environment debates in the last two decades. Ecofeminist approaches It is tempting to use a retrospective to try to impose some sort of order on past intellectual activity, and what I am attempting to do first in this article is to explore whether there is an intellectual trajectory, through a not necessarily coherent body of thinking and writing on gender and environment in the late twentieth century. In teasing out the possible relationship between women's position, gender relations, feminism, and the way in which Western society is seeking to control or manage the environment, ecofeminist writers in the 1970s and 1980s explored the relative importance of essentialism and social construction in these relationships. The social constructivist analyses (which tended to dominate French and British writing; see, for example, Mellor 1992) drew from the Marxist and social feminist literature to show how women's position in society (as, for example, carers of children and other vulnerable...

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...considered this potential to be realized in an ecological revolution. As such, present ecofeminism is considered a social movement on the leading edge, and includes peace, feminist, and ecological concerns, as well as drawing content from ancient traditions. Ecofeminism identifies patriarchal dominations: sexism, racism, classism, heterosexism, plus naturism. It is the union of radical or cultural feminism with radical ecology. Ecofeminism's approach further develops feminism in relation to the natural environment. Its tenets include diversity through relationship, mutuality rather than use, and rejection of the either/or approach that encourages exclusion. The idea is to identify patriarchal culture in its forms of domination: industrial, mechanistic, militaristic and hierarchical.
"The domination of nature originates in society and therefore must be resolved in society . . . it is the embodied woman as social historical agent, rather than as a product of natural law, who is the subject of ecofeminism . . . . In ecofeminism, nature is the central category of analysis. An analysis of the interrelated dominations of nature - psyche and sexuality, human oppression, and nonhuman nature - and the historic position of women in relation to those forms of domination, is the starting point of ecofeminist theory." (Ynestra King, "Healing the Wounds" in Reweaving the World: The Emergence of Ecofeminism,...

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...﻿Margo Moriarty
EDU 210
Professor Nancy Winship
Student’s in the 21stCentury
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1. Communication styles (verbal and nonverbal)
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...11/25/13
21" Century Perspective And Crimes Against Women
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21" CENTURY PERSPECTIVE AND CRIMES AGAINST WOMEN
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Shiv Prakash Panwar* .
woman
We are entering into the twenty first century along with numerous
crime
problems hitherto unsolved. Indian society is full of contradictions. On thephysical
society
one hand, we advocate openness, equality, tolerance in all spheres of
equals as
life, on the other hand, we donot want to leave outdated traditions
century
inherited down the ages. It is a pity that our society is divided on gender opportunity of being
basis even though the constitution stands for equality irrespective of
gender. Newspapers are flooded with news of female infanticides.
Discrimination against women starts very from birth. Birth of a male-child
is celebrated while birth of a girl child is considered a curse. Girls are
advised not to play with boys, dress—up properly and are felt extra·_
cautious about their physical parts. Preference is given to boy over girl in
family matters. Girls are compelled to limit their activities in society. A
, sense of insecurity is generated in them and thus limits the acquainting
opportunities they could have availed interacting with...

...﻿Scope
This assignment aims to analyse the careers of three individuals by exploring the personal and situational factors considered in Super’s Archway Model as well as the Krumboltz's Theory, and discuss how these factors interact and affect career decision-making. The analysis is then applied to the discussion how to use the various types of intelligences in achieving career success and advancement.
Interviewee 1
Name: Jane Chua
Highest Educational Qualification: Honors in Accountancy
Age: 40 years old
Gender: Female
Race: Chinese
Nationality: Singaporean
Work experience: 21 years
Past occupation: Accountant/ General Accounts Manager
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Brief Background
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Career History of Individual:
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...﻿
Ecofeminism in the 21stCentury
Relevance in the Modern Era
Insert Name
Insert Date
Contents
Abstract
This paper will seek to investigate the relevance of ecofeminism in the 21stcentury. While there has been less exposure as of late, I would argue that ecofeminism is still a relevant school of thought, and as we are now facing climate change as the predominant threat to humankind, although sidelined within feminist theory because of critiques that it is marred by ethnocentrism and by an essentialist identification of women with nature. (Thomson, 2006).
Ecofeminism in the 21stCentury: Relevance in the Modern Era
Modern Definition
Ecofeminism is defined as the social movement that regards the oppression of women and nature as interconnected. It is one of the few movements and analyses that actually connect two movements. More recently, ecofeminism theorists have extended their analyses to consider the interconnections between sexism, the domination of nature including animals, and also racism and social inequalities. Consequently it is now better understood as a movement working against the interconnected oppressions of gender, race, class and nature. (Hall, 2005).
The generally accepted idea of...

...﻿21stCentury Learning: Preparing Students Today
August 28, 2012 by Sherrelle Walker, M.A
Today, we live in a world dominated by technology. Our interactions with the world and with one another are mediated by computers, tablets and smart phones. The answer to practically any question you might have, at any moment, is a few keystrokes and fractions of a second away. In the same way that print changed how humans perceive information, now technology has once again flipped the world on its head.
“We should seriously consider the claim that we are now undergoing one of the most significant technological revolutions for education since the progression from oral to print and book based teaching.”
-Dr. Douglas Kellner, UCLA, New Media and New Literacies: Reconstructing Education for the New Millennium
Preparing students for today’s world demands that education be delivered in a vastly different manner than what we see today in U.S. schools. In this world where information creation and discovery are taking place faster than we can bring that information to our classrooms, true 21stcentury learning must involve more than information literacy alone. Certainly, the traditional “3 Rs” – a shorthand way to talk about traditional content areas like reading, writing and arithmetic – play a core role in the 21stcentury classroom. (For the sake of argument, let’s have the 3 Rs include other...