Chillingham Castle is a medieval castle in the village of Chillingham in Northumberland, close to the border between England and Scotland. It was seat of the Grey family and their descendants the Earls of Tankerville from the 13th century until the 1980s.

The castle was originally a monastery in the late 12th century. In 1298, King Edward I, or "Edward Longshanks", stayed at the castle on his way to Scotland to battle a Scottish army led by William Wallace. The castle occupied a strategically important location in medieval times: it was located on the border between two feuding nations. It was used as a staging post for English armies entering Scotland, but was also repeatedly attacked and besieged by Scottish armies and raiding parties heading south.

As relations between the two countries became peaceful following the union of the crowns, the need for a military stronghold in the area declined, and the castle was gradually transformed; the moat was filled, battlements were converted into residential wings, and a banquet hall and a library were built.