Overview
Hammer toes are usually not a serious condition, but can become
painful as the bent joint rubs against the inside of the shoe,
causing irritation, corns, or calluses on the top of the middle
joint or the tip of the toe. A
Hammertoes may also cause occasional shooting pains throughout
the toes or elsewhere in the foot. A hammertoe has a kink or
contracture in its second joint--called the proximal
interphalangeal joint--that causes the toe to bend upward in the
middle, giving it a hammer-like appearance. The raised part of the
toe often rubs on shoes, leading to the formation of corns or
calluses. Usually hammertoe affects the smaller toes, causing pain
and interfering with the ability to walk normally.

Overview Hallux Abducto Valgus,
commonly called bunion, is a bony deformity affecting the angle of
the joint at the base of the big toe. Some medical professionals
believe that the condition is solely due to ill-fitting footwear,
while others believe it is a genetic structural defect that can be
exacerbated by shoes. Despite the varying opinions, the reality is
that it is probably a combination of both factors. A bunion forms
when pressure is applied to the side of the big toe, causing it to
become inflamed and painful. The joint then protrudes, effectively
making the foot wider. The second toe might then become displaced,
which can cause a multitude of other issues like corn and callus
development. The bunion joint will have a reduced range of motion
and often ends up arthritic. The condition u