The intention of this project is to demonstrate the function of production planning in a non - artificial environment. Through this simulation we are able to forecast, with a degree of certainty the monthly requirements for end products, subassemblies, parts and raw materials. We are supplied with information that we are to base our decisions on. The manufacturer depicted in this simulation was actually a General Electric facility that produced black and white television sets Syracuse, New York. Unfortunately this plant is no longer operational, it was closed down and the equipment was shipped off to China. One can only wonder if the plant manager would have taken Professor Moily's class in production management the plant still might be running.

Modern production management or operation management (OM) systems first came to prominence in the early half of the twentieth century. Frederick W. Taylor is considered the father of operations management and is credited in the development of the following principles.

a. Scientific laws govern how much a worker can produce in a day. b. It is the function of management to discover and use these laws in operation of productive systems. c. It is the function of the worker to carry out management's wishes without question.

Many of today's method's of operation management have elements of the above stated principles. For example, part of Material Requirement Planning system (MRP) is learning how workers to hire, fire, or lay idle. This is because it we realize the a worker can only produce so many widgets a day, can work so many hours a day, and so many days a year.

I will disagree with principle "c" in that the worker should blindly carry out the wishes of management. Successful operations are based upon a two- way flow of thought and suggestions from management to labor. This two-way flow of ideas is incorporated into another modern system of operations management, the Just - In - Time system. Eastman Kodak gives monetary rewards to employees who devises an improvement in a current process or suggests an entirely new process of manufacturing. Often a small suggestion can yield a big reward when applied to a mass-produced item.

Body

In this project we are presented with the following information: bounds for pricing decisions, market share determination, the product explosion matrix, sales history (units per month at average price), unit value, setup man-hours, running man hours, initial workforce, value of inventory, on hand units. We also know that we have eight end products, four subassemblies, eight parts, and four raw materials. The eight end products are comprised entirely from the subassemblies, parts, and raw materials. From this information I was able to determine how many units of each final product, how many units of parts to produce in a month, how many units of raw material to order every month and how to price the final products.

The first step that I took in this project was to develop product structures for each product (please refer to the Appendices for product structures on all eight products, plus new product nine). This information was presented in product explosion matrix. For example, I determined that product one used one subassembly nine and one part thirteen. Part thirteen consisted of raw material twenty-one. Sub-assembly nine consists of part thirteen (which includes raw material twenty-one), raw material twenty one and raw material twenty-four. From this product explosion matrix I have realized that an end product does not just happen; they consist of many subassemblies, parts and raw material.

We also determined the minimal direct costs to each of the eight products. The minimal direct product is the cost of the raw material, plus the price of the amount of labor for the assembly to end product. For product one we have a total of three raw material "twenty-one" which...

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...ScienceAsia 27 (2001) : 271-278
Demand Forecasting and ProductionPlanning for Highly Seasonal Demand Situations: Case Study of a Pressure Container Factory
Pisal Yenradeea,*, Anulark Pinnoib and Amnaj Charoenthavornyingb
a
Industrial Engineering Program, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Patumtani 12121, Thailand. b Industrial Systems Engineering Program, School of Advanced Technologies, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Patumtani 12120, Thailand. * Corresponding author, E-mail: pisal@siit.tu.ac.th
Received 24 May 2001 Accepted 27 Jul 2001
ABSTRACT This paper addresses demand forecasting and productionplanning for a pressure container
factory in Thailand, where the demand patterns of individual product groups are highly seasonal. Three forecasting models, namely, Winter’s, decomposition, and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), are applied to forecast the product demands. The results are compared with those obtained by subjective and intuitive judgements (which is the current practice). It is found that the decomposition and ARIMA models provide lower forecast errors in all product groups. As a result, the safety stock calculated based on the errors of these two models is considerably less than that of the current practice. The forecasted demand and safety stock are subsequently used as inputs to determine the...

...OBJECTIVES
Understand basic production management and its function
Obtain knowledge of basic methodology in order to apply these in a working field and find a way to improve productivity and eliminate waste
Understand higher level of production management
Gain ability of forecasting demand, planning a production schedule and fulfilling capacity of production and reform of an organization
INTRODUCTION TOPRODUCTION MANAGEMENT
Planning and control of production
of goods and services are essential for efficient and effective operations.
It is definitely not enough (though necessary) for every worker to “know” his/her job.
There has to be a planned, coordinated and monitored system
of approach to the operations and productions of the organization.
This is the reason for production management.
DEFINITIONS - PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT
In short production management is the Art of Managing the Production. It basically concerns itself with the conversion of inputs into outputs.
Production management can be also defined as “The job of coordinating and controlling all the activities required in making a product”.This concept is not restricted to only industrial or manufacturing sectors; it is also applicable to service industries.
The performance of management...