A measurement of the number of people in a certain area.If the population is low it is known as a sparsely populated, if it high this is know as densely populated

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Population distribution

The spread of people within a certain area, including where they are and what patterns can be shown

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LIC

Low income country

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NEE

Newly emerging economy

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HIC

High income country

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GNI

The total value of goods and services produced by a country plus money earned from and paid to other countries

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Quality of life

The general well being of a person of society, defined in terms of health and happiness, rather than wealth

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HDI

Devised by the united nations. This shows a measure of development based on wealth, health and education of different countries

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Birth rate

The mount of births in 1000 years

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Death rate

Amount of deaths in 1000 years

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People per doctor

Ratio of patients to doctoers

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Infant mortality

The number of babies who have died before their 1st birthday

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Primary employment

Percentage of people employed in primary jobs

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Trade

The volume, value and type of imports and exports

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Food intake

The number of kilocalories each person in the country takes in each day

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Migration

The movement of people from place to place

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Immigrant

A person who moves into country

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Emigrant

A person who moves out of a country

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Economic Migrant

A person who moves voluntarily to seek a better life such as better paid job

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Refugee

A person who is forced to move from their own country as a result of civil war or disasters

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Displaced person

A person forced to move their home but stays in their own country

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Asylum seeker

A person who has left their home country as a political refugee and is seeking asylum in another country

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Non government aid

These distribute aid in a variety of ways. Many of them are charities like Oxfam, which raise money for development projects, ensuring aid is directed at the people who need it most

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Bilateral aid

Aid is given directly by the government of one country to another

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Multilateral aid

Aid given by government to international organisation which use the money to assist programmes in poorer countries

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Intermediate technology

Simple, Labour-intensive and non-traditional scientific and technological production methods that are usually environmentally friendly

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Sustainability

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

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Exports

The goods and services produced in one country and purchased by citizens of another country

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Imports

Foreign goods and services bought by residents of a country

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Trade surplus

A trade surplus means that the value of exports is greater than imports

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Trade deficit

A trade deficit is hwen there are more imports than exports

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Tariffs

Taxes imposed on imports, which makes foreign goods more expensive to the consumer

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Subsides

Money given by a government or an organisation to reduce the cost of producing food or a product

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Qoutas

Limits on the amount of goods imported and usually work in the MEDC favour

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Free trade

A policy to eliminate discrimination against imports and exports. Buyers and sellers from different economies many voluntarily trade without a government applying tariffs, quotas, subsides or prohibitions on goods and services

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Fair trade

A trading partnership based on dialogue, transparency and respect, that seeks greater equality in international trade

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Primary industry

Industries that use or extract raw materials such as fishing or logging

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Secondary industry

Industries that turn raw materials into products that can be used

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Tertiary industry

Industries that involve providing a service for other people

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Quaternary industry

Industries that are either hi-tech, involve research or space

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Deindustrialisation

The decline in the secondary manufacturing industry and the subsequent growth in the tertiary and quarternary industries

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Globalisation

The growth and spread of ideas around the world. This can involve the movement and spread of cultures, people, moeny, goods and information

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Industrailisation

The development of industries in a country or region on a large scale such as the industrial revolution

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Business parks

An area of land occupied by a cluster of businesses

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Science parks

A group of scientific and technological based businesses located on a single site

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Water transfer

Schemes move water via pipe or truck from areas of supply to areas of demand

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Water supply

The provision of water by individuals, communities, public bodies or companies

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Water demand

The quantity of water required to meet people's needs

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Water conflict

In regions where water is in scarce supply conflict often ocurs

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Water quality

Quality can be measured in terms of the chemical, physical and biological content of water. The most common standards used to assess water quality relate to health of ecosystems, safety of human contact and drinking water

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Water security

The reliable availability of an acceptable quantity and quality of water for health, livelihoods and production

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Water stress

Occurs when the demand for water exceeds the available amount during a certain period or when poor quality restricts its use

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Water insecurity

When water availability is not enough to ensure the population of an area enjoys good health, livelihood and earnings. this can be caused by water insufficiency or poor water quality

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Economic water scarcity

Where a country has water, but doesn't have the economic means to access it or make it safe to drink, as is the case in parts of Afghanistan

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Physical water scarcity

When countries do not have enough water due to climate reasons and other physical reasons

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Physical water scarcity

When countries do not have enough water due to climate reasons and other physical reasons