Your question is so riddled with false assumptions, that it is difficult to know how to address it.

If it is "programming space" that you are short of, then you need to consider minimising the amount of machine code ( and constants embedded in it ), that your program gets compiled to. The program variables are in RAM and don't consume the same flash memory that the program occupies. However, the initialisation of them does.

The length of the names of your variable names, function names, or any other user-defined keywords makes no difference, because they are generally not present in the final linked and compiled code. Likewise, the length of your numerical constants, as expressed in source code/text form, doesn't matter.

If you want to find out how various code formulations affect the executable program size, there is nothing stopping you from doing your own experiments. You will need to use the correct language for the environment you are compiling for, however. Is it Matlab code, that you have written there ? Matlab is usually an interpreted, not compiled, language.

My question is by using does using int to set a constant instead of #define use more RAM?

int SOLENOID = [0, 360, 129600, 46656000];

By using #define in the program instead of int and the number string is longer than the symbol. When the sketch is compiled does it use more of the program space?

Your program uses as much RAM as you declare. If you declare an integer-array with 4 elements, the RAM used is 4*sizeof(int)= 4*2 = 8 bytes.

The problem with your declaration is: 129600 and 46656000 are not in the range of 'int' variables. So if you perhaps want to have different information all together, perhaps you want to declare a user defined data structure with the "struct" statement? In a struct each element can be declared with a different type.

The 'struct' in that case has one element of size 'byte', two elements of size 'int' and two elements of type 'long', as you like to declare and use the data. And each element has got its own 'name' for the sub-element, so you can easily write 'speaking code'.

Thanks for your answer Nick. I have programming experience for 36hrs and yours seems like an answer I understand.

@michinyon I find your answer very Logical.

I'm planning an approach to programming a parabolic mirror to follow the sun using arduino, shield and stepper motors. Also plan on automating aquaponics and using the ATmega? I dont know yet if I can expand pins on an atmega or have to use one atmega to trigger a setup in another atmega if I run out of space or pins.