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WILDLIFE

New Salamanders Found in Central Texas

In January, biologists at the University of Texas at Austin announced the discovery of three new species of groundwater salamanders in Central Texas in a project funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through a contract with TPWD.

David Hillis, professor of integrative biology and senior author of the new paper, and his colleagues have worked on preserving several threatened or endangered salamanders, leading to protections for the Barton Springs salamander, the Austin blind salamander, the San Marcos salamander and the Georgetown salamander.

First author Tom Devitt, an environmental scientist with the City of Austin, helped to identify the three new species previously unknown
to science.

“There’s a whole underground ecosystem all the way from Salado to West Texas that many people don’t even know about,” Devitt says. “Within it are these endemic species that are found nowhere else on Earth.”

One of the newly identified species, yet to be named, is critically endangered: a tiny, golden-colored salamander that lives only in a small area near the Pedernales River west of Austin. The scientists also discovered that the Georgetown salamander, already protected as a threatened species, has a much smaller range than previously thought and, thus, is far more endangered.

“Even if people do not care about salamanders, they care about maintaining the quality of the aquifer systems that provide most of Texas with its fresh water,” Hillis says. “Fortunately, what’s good for the salamanders is also really good for the people.”