D'amico ch 17 cardio Quiz (Ken's)

All the bold terms I could find in cardio and childhood cardio sections. Let me know if you guys find problems with any definitions.
Thanks! Ken

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Pericardium

Thin three layered sac that covers and protects the heart. Two parietal layers, the fibrous pericardium and the serous pericardium make up the parietal layer outside, then a thin layer of serous fluid for lube, then the visceral pericardium closely covers the heart. 426

Visceral pericardium

Inner layer of pericardium, lines the outer surface of the heart 426

Heart

Four chamber pump, extends from the second rib to the fifth intercostal space 426

Receives O2 rich blood from the pulmonary veins and pumps it into the left ventricle. Posterior portion of the heart. Thicker than the right atrium. 428

Left Ventricle

Receives blood from the left atrium, through the mitral valve, pumps to the aorta through semilunar valve, systemic side, stronger than the pulmonary. Behind the left ventricle. 428

Atrioventricular Valves

Separates the atria from the ventricles. Includes the right, pulmonary tricuspid valve, and the left, mitral, or bicuspid valve. 429

Semilunar Valves

Separates the ventricles from the vascular system, valves 429

S1

Sound heard when the AV valves close, (Lub) 429

S2

Sound heard when the aortic and pulmonary, or semilunar valves close after contraction of the ventricles. (dub) 429

Systole

Phase of ventricular contraction, begins with the AV (mitral and tricuspid)valves closing, ends with the aortic and pulmonic (semilunar) valves closing. 429

Diastole

Phase of ventricular relaxation, atrial contraction. Starts with the closure of theaortic and pumonary (semilunar) valves, and ends with the closure of the AV (mitral and tricuspid) valves 429

Heart Murmurs

Harsh blowing sounds caused by disruption of blood flow into the heart, between the chambers of the heart or from the heart into the pulmonary or aortic systems. 431

Cardiac Conduction System

The electrical system in the heart. Includes the Sinoatrial (SA) node, the Intra atrial conduction pathways, the Atrioventricular (AV) node, the Bundle of His, the right and left Bundle Branches and the Purkinje Fibers. All work together to make the heart contract properly and pump blood. 434

Electrical wiring from the Bundle of His to the Purkinje fibers. Left and right fibers run down interventricular septum between the ventricles. Spreads the impulse through the myocardial tissue. Aso capable of independant firing if SA and AV node fail. 436

Purkinje Fibers

Electrical wiring, from the left and right Bundle Branches into the Myocardial tissue to cause the ventricles to contract. 436

Sternum

Flat center chest bone, made up of the Manubrium, Body, and Xiphoid Process. 437

cardiac cycle

The events of one complete heart beat, including contraction and relaxation of atria and ventricles. 437

Period of ventricular filling

Event beginning of the cardiac cycle, blood enters passively onto the ventricles from the atria, ~70%. Then the "atrial kick" finishes the filling. 437

Event: The ventricles finish contracting, the pressure in the arteries is higher than in ventricles, semilunar valves snap shut "S2" 437

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

A visual representation of the electrical depolarization wave as it sweeps through the heart. The cardiac cell at rest is normally more positively charged on the outside than on the inside. The electrical signal flips this, and the cell contracts. 438

P Wave

First point of ECG, represents signal from SA node and part of atrial depolarization and initialization of contraction atria 0.08 sec. 439

PR interval

Interval in the ECG for electrical current to travel across both atria and arrive at the AV node, 0.12 to 0.2 sec. 439

Deposits of yellowish cholesterol seen on eyelids. Indicative of premature Atherosclerosis 453

Infective endocarditis

Bacterial infiltration of lining of the heat chambers. Associated with splinter hemorrhages of the nail bed. 455

Thrill

Soft vibratory sensations felt on the chest. Indicative of elevated ventricular volume or aortic regurgitation depending on location and character. Best felt in intercostal spaces with fingertips or flat palm on chest. Also "heaves" (abnormal) 458

Bruit

Loud blowing sound in the heart, (abnormal) 461

Ductus venosus

Prenatal duct in vein system that shunts blood away from heart and liver. Closes at birth or within 12-72 hrs. 787

Ductus arteriosus

Prenatal duct in artery system that shunts blood away from pulmonary to systemic system . Closes shortly after birth. 441 and 787