03191cam a22002777 4500001000700000003000500007005001700012008004100029100001900070245018900089260006600278490004200344500001900386520187100405530006102276538007202337538003602409690005702445690010302502690009302605700002102698710004202719830007702761856003802838856003702876w12780NBER20150331164644.0150331s2006 mau||||fs|||| 000 0 eng d1 aWhalley, John.10aState-Owned Enterprise Behaviour Responses to Trade Reformsh[electronic resource]:bSome Analytics and Numerical Simulation Results Using Chinese Data /cJohn Whalley, Shunming Zhang. aCambridge, Mass.bNational Bureau of Economic Researchc2006.1 aNBER working paper seriesvno. w12780 aDecember 2006.3 aWe note the absence of prior literature on analytical structures to be used for China and other economies with extensive SOEs when evaluating behavioural responses of SOEs to trade policy and other changes. This is despite both the large empirical literature discussing the productivity effects of Chinese SOE enterprise reform, and wider policy discussion of the potential impacts of various reform initiatives. We present two simple analytical formulations of SOE behaviour in response to trade policy change with the aim of investigating how traditional competitive models of enterprise behaviour can mislead when used in policy debate. One formulation centres on SOE managerial control. In this enterprise managers are politically appointed, expect any non performing loans to be recapitalized by state banks andhence capital is centrally allocated by credit rationing. The managers are assured to maximize the size of the enterprise rather than profits since this yields maximal networking benefits to managers. This implies labour is priced at its average rather than its marginal product, and with a competitive non-manufacturing (agricultural) industry free trade is not optimal policy. The other assumes worker control of SOEs and that workers satisfice in their supply of effort to the enterprise given both fixed wage rates and enterprise employment and otherwise shirk or pursue second jobs. In this formulation the enterprise meets their budget constraint and covers costs. With leisure in the preferences of enterprise members, their leisure consumption will be implied by the satisfying behaviour of the enterprise and will be non optimal. In both model variants, implications for trade policy are different from those of a standard competitive model, and computations using models calibrated to 2003 Chinese data suggest the differences can be large. aHardcopy version available to institutional subscribers. aSystem requirements: Adobe [Acrobat] Reader required for PDF files. aMode of access: World Wide Web. 7aF00 - General2Journal of Economic Literature class. 7aF13 - Trade Policy • International Trade Organizations2Journal of Economic Literature class. 7aP2 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies2Journal of Economic Literature class.1 aZhang, Shunming.2 aNational Bureau of Economic Research. 0aWorking Paper Series (National Bureau of Economic Research)vno. w12780.4 uhttp://www.nber.org/papers/w1278041uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12780