On September 11, 1992, Hurricane Iniki struck Kauai leaving all residents without electricity and telephone services and damaging 70% of the homes. This study examined the hypothesis that Hurricane Iniki increased the mortality of Kauai residents by comparing mortality data for the 5 years preceding Hurricane Iniki with mortality data ...

"This paper examines the factors associated with infant mortality differentials in Zimbabwe, using data from two surveys, the 1984 ZRHS and 1988 ZDHS. An index of infant mortality based on the ratio of observed to expected deaths was used [in] the multivariate analysis as a measure of infant mortality for ...

The Netherlands has infant mortality rates that are consistently lower than those of the United States. The United States ranked 22nd in infant mortality in 1989, whereas the Netherlands ranked 5th. Several components of the Dutch health care system could be adapted in the United States to lower the infant ...

"Using data from 13 Demographic and Health Surveys in Africa, this paper compares estimates of infant mortality directly calculated from data with those indirectly calculated using the Trussell (1975) and Feeney (1980) techniques. The results indicate that, on average, the directly calculated infant mortality rates were significantly lower than those ...

BACKGROUND: Registered mortality from cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA) in England and Wales has increased substantially since the specific International Classification of Diseases code for CFA was introduced in 1979. However, since a significant proportion of deaths from CFA are misclassified as post inflammatory fibrosis (PIF), it is possible that the ...

OBJECTIVES: The relationship between physiologic status and mortality risk should be reevaluated as new treatment protocols, therapeutic interventions, and monitoring strategies are introduced and as patient populations change. We developed and validated a third-generation pediatric physiology-based score for mortality risk, Pediatric Risk of Mortality III (PRISM III). DESIGN: Prospective cohort. ...

Unlike mobile cellular telephones, in which the antenna is not part of the handset, a portable cellular telephone exposes the user's head to radio frequency energy transmitted from the antenna. This exposure has prompted concerns about potential biological effects, including brain cancer. As a first step in a record-based mortality ...

This study investigates variations in motor neuron disease (MND) mortality rates between the counties of England and Wales from 1981 to 1989, and their relationship with gamma-ray dose rates, indoor radon gas concentrations and enhanced general life expectancy. A strong correlation was confirmed between age-adjusted rates of MND mortality and ...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to describe trends in age-specific mortality from diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease and ischaemic heart disease in Trinidad and Tobago between 1953 and 1992 and to relate them to earlier changes in infant mortality rates. METHODS: Average annual age-specific mortality rates per 100 000 were calculated ...

A 3-MONTH-OLD infant with poor weight gain (weight at presentation only 570 g greater than birth weight) was noted to have skin lesions on both hands and feet (Figure 1 through Figure 3). No explanation for the lesions was initially offered by the mother. Later, she suggested that they may ...

The effects of influenza A and B and RSV on mortality in England and Wales were assessed by regression analysis for the period 1975-90. Morbidity data from sentinel practices were used to calculate 4-weekly rates of aggregated upper respiratory tract infections (URTI); PHLS laboratory reports were used as indices of ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships between education, social conditions, and mortality. DESIGN: An ecological study relating several measures of mortality to local rates of educational attainment at age 15/16 years and scores on the Department of the Environment's index of local conditions. SETTING: England and its 107 local education ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of neonatal mortality in a large, extensively managed mare herd and what risk factors were involved in foal mortality. For a 6 wk period between April 18, 1994, and May 31, 1994, 334 foals were born, of which 74 died ...

PURPOSE: A systematic examination of all available mortality data from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) between 1950 and 1990 was done to estimate the changing international mortality pattern of this condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mortality data in which BPH was the underlying cause of death were abstracted from the World Health ...

In 1986, the U.S. EPA issued an air quality standard for particulate matter that included only particulates below 10 microns in diameter (PM10). Unfortunately, epidemiological research investigating the health effects associated with PM10 has been limited by the lack of available daily data from outdoor monitoring stations. Evidence of high ...

"The purpose of this study is to shed light on infant mortality rates in Iraq, including how they differ from place to place, and to identify the variables behind such differences. It also aims at showing the causes of change in the trend since 1991 when the allied forces launched ...

Mean life expectancy at birth (1967-1992) increased for both sexes combined with 5.6 years in Belgium and 3.6 years in The Netherlands. Age adjusted mortality from all causes and cardiovascular diseases has been followed up from 1968 onwards to 1989 in Belgium and The Netherlands and in Flanders and Wallonia ...

PURPOSE: To review the risks and benefits of using peripheral intraarterial thrombolysis (PIAT) versus surgical revascularization (SR) as the initial treatment of acute lower-limb ischemia (ALLI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two prospective, randomized trials that compared PIAT with SR in the treatment of ALLI were analyzed along with recent large, retrospective ...

"The paper presents the problem of mortality in the Lodz area and the city of Lodz in 1993. The basis for this description is comparisons across voivodeships, and these between large and medium-sized cities in Poland. The comparisons were made allowing for the basic demographic features such as sex and ...

Data from a retrospective field study were used to describe the epidemiology of fatal fibrinous pneumonia as it affected beef calves entering a large commercial feedlot in southwestern Alberta during the fall months of y 1985 to 1988. A chute-side computer system was used to record processing and health data ...

"While infant mortality and the under 5 mortality rates are widely used as measures of development, the death rate among 1-4 year olds may be a more effective measure of socioenvironmental conditions affecting mortality, since this age group is less influenced by genetic and biological factors than infants. This article ...

This paper examines the magnitude of urban-rural differentials in infant mortality in England during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and also compares the timing of decline for a selection of towns of varying size, and their immediate rural hinterlands. Most towns continued to experience short-term fluctuations in infant mortality ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the relationship between health and socioeconomic indicators in the 38 neighbourhoods of the city of Barcelona, Spain. DESIGN: Mortality data for 1983-89 and socioeconomic data for each of the 38 neighbourhoods of Barcelona were used. Mortality indicators used were the comparative mortality figure, ...

The utility of mortality kinetics analysis in evaluating mortality data from fractionated exposure studies was demonstrated using radon-progeny induced extra mortality as an example. Gompertz (log-hazard) functions were used to characterize the mortality of male SPF Wistar rats exposed to radon progeny at 100 WL and 1000 WL for total ...

This article seeks to describe trends in relative mortality from cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) in Brazilian state capitals from 1950 through 1988. Absolute numbers of deaths from all causes; from CVDs; and from ill-defined signs, symptoms, and afflictions were obtained from official Brazilian mortality statistics. In calculating relative CVD mortality, deaths ...

"First an overview is given of the secular decline of infant mortality in Austria between 1820 and 1950.... Second the study analyses the historical regional differences of infant mortality in Austria comparing data for all 99 political districts (Politische Bezirke) for the period 1900 to 1950. The most important results ...

INTRODUCTION: An increase of Parkinson's disease (PD) mortality has been observed in various countries during the last 3 decades. An analysis was done in order to define whether this trend could be due to a cohort effect. MATERIAL & METHODS: The mortality from PD in Italy during the period 1963-1987 ...

The aim of the present study was to test if long-term mortality could be predicted by endothelial derived haemostatic variables in a population with high morbidity due to thromboembolic disease. Plasma samples were drawn from 212 out-patients treated with oral anticoagulants, at the beginning of the study, and analyzed for ...

A proportional mortality study comparing the cotton-growing areas of the San Joaquin Valley with the rest of the State of California was performed by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a continuation of earlier studies related to mercaptan-releasing pesticides. This mortality study found a pattern of increased proportion ...

OBJECTIVE: The author's goal was to shed light on the debate regarding the mortality rate over time associated with anorexia nervosa. METHOD: He conducted a meta-analytic study using weighted linear regression to combine crude mortality proportions from 42 published studies to estimate the mortality associated with anorexia nervosa over time. ...

BACKGROUND: State-specific aviation-related mortality rates differ substantially between various geographical regions of the United States. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to ascertain important explanatory factors that account for the geographical distribution of mortality. METHODS: National Center for Health Statistics sources were used to calculate state-specific, age-adjusted mortality rates. ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether periodic variations in annual infant mortality were associated with malnutrition and the poor quality of the food supply available to the community. DESIGN: Retrospective study of historical epidemiology of infant mortality by time series analysis and family reconstitution of parish registers of burials and baptisms. SETTING: ...

Studies examining the mortality from Parkinson's disease have been reviewed to assess the impact of levodopa therapy. These include national mortality data taken from death certificate returns, cohort studies comparing the deaths observed in a group of patients with those expected from population statistics, and case-control studies comparing deaths in ...

Previous time series analyses of infant mortality have failed to provide evidence to support their implicit assumption that infant mortality data used behaved as a stationary time series. The present study applies the augmented Dickey Fuller Test to infant mortality time series for Sweden (1800-1989), United Kingdom (1839-1989) and United ...

Trends in mortality from Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) in the whole of Europe and in two broad European geographic areas (Western and Eastern Europe) were reviewed over the period of 1960-1990, on the basis of official death certifications derived from the World Health Organization database. Between the ...

The paper uses published results from the 1992 census to describe more recent trends in infant and child mortality in Zimbabwe. It is shown that the period 1986 to 1988 provided the turning point in the gradual decline in infant and child mortality in the provinces. After this period, several ...

The high infant mortality rate in the United States, especially in urban areas, remains a major federal concern. Four strategies for reducing infant mortality in cities participating in the federal ¿Healthy Start¿ are reducing high-risk pregnancies; reducing the incidence of low birthweight and preterm births; improving birthweight-specific survival; and reducing ...

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the relative strength of the associations of a set of structural (social, economic, and political) variables and a set of health services variables with state-level infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality. It also examined whether health services mediate the relationships between structural variables and state-level infant, neonatal, ...

"There has recently been a movement of Aboriginals to outlying settlements [in Australia]. This article...examines the patterns of mortality in remote Aboriginal communities and compares these with rates for other locations in Australia's northern regions. The results indicate mortality rates several times higher in remote Aboriginal settlements than elsewhere in ...

Regional and local authority patterns of mortality in England and Wales for both males and females are presented for the latest available years (1989-93). The familiar geographic pattern of higher mortality in the north and west and lower mortality to the south and east of the country has continued into ...

During the last 3 decades, the mortality rates of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) markedly increased in various countries, including Italy. This finding has been attributed to factors such as better case ascertainment or changes in the demographic structure of the population, or to unknown environmental factors. The longitudinal Gompertzian analysis ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the mortality experience of Scottish postcode sectors characterised by socioeconomic census variables (Carstairs scores) in 1980-2 and 1990-2. METHODS: Variables derived from the 1981 and 1991 censuses were combined according to the method devised by Carstairs and Morris to obtain Carstairs scores for 1010 postcode sectors in ...

The United States dialysis population has an excessive mortality rate that cannot be fully explained by comorbid conditions or demographic factors. The quantity of dialysis has been suggested to be insufficient. This report reviews the several dialysis-related factors that impact on mortality. Since the National Cooperative Dialysis Study in 1983, ...

Cultured Perkinsus marinus cells were exposed for 24 hr to salinities of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 22 ppt at temperatures of 1, 5, 10, 15 and 28 degrees C in artificial seawater (ASW) and to the same salinities at 28 degrees C in ASW with the osmotic concentration ...

On the basis of terror management theory, research has shown that subtle mortality salience inductions engender increased prejudice, nationalism, and intergroup bias. Study 1 replicated this effect (increased preference for a pro-U.S. author over an anti-U.S. author) and found weaker effects when Ss are led to think more deeply about ...

From 1982 the Ministry of Health of Egypt implemented the National Control of Diarrhoeal Diseases Project (NCDDP) which attempted to improve case management of childhood diarrhoea by making oral rehydration salts (ORS) widely available and used, to improve feeding patterns during diarrhoea, and other measures. National data indicate a high ...

For five localities of Western Alps (Val d'Aosta and Piemonte) inhabited by Walser populations (Gressoney-la-Trinité, Gressoney St. Jean, Issime, Macugnaga and Rima) the main features of mortality are described, namely raw death rate, seasonality of deaths, distribution of deaths according to age classes and infant mortality. Death rate is higher ...

Too many babies were dying in Fort Worth, TX, in the late 1980's. In fact, at the time, the city had the highest infant mortality rate of any of the major cities in Texas and one of the highest in the nation. These statistics spurred Fort Worth's Harris Methodist Health ...