2 Identify the muscles of mastication, their sources of innervation and their major actions in chewing.TemporalisMasseterMedial PterygoidBuccinator*Lateral Pterygoid* Innervated by Facial NerveTemporomandibular eminenceArticular discDuring jaw opening the mandibular condyle and articular disc glide anteriorly onto the temporomandibular eminence.This is brought about by the action of the superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscleThe temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid and the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid all participate in jaw closing.Side-to-side grinding is produced by cooperative actions of one masseter and the contralateral medial pterygoid.

3 Follow the course of the major nerves supplying structures and passing through the infratemporal fossa.Identify the parotid, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. Trace the course of their innervation and follow the flow of saliva from each gland to the mouth.Inferior alveolar n.Lingual n.Facial n..Submandibular ganglion.Otic ganglion.Lesser petrosal n.Chorda tympaniAuriculotemporal n.

5 Trace the flow of blood through the maxillary artery and its major branches. Trace the flow of blood into the nasal and oral cavities.Ext. CartotidInf. AlveolarPost. Sup. AlveolarMaxillaryPost. Deep TemporalAnt. Deep TemporalInfra-orbitalMiddleMeningealSeptal brr.Descending palatineGreater palatineLesser palatineSphenopalatineV3

6 Trace the flow of air into each of the paranasal sinuses, note the communication with the nasal cavity the relationships of each sinus to the oral, orbital and cranial cavities.Frontal sinusSpheno-ethmoid recessSup. meatusSup. ConchaSphenoidal sinusMiddle ConchaEthmoid bulla of Middle meatusInf. ConchaOpening to Maxillary SinusInf. meatusSup. Concha

7 Identify the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue, their innervation, and actions. Identify the muscles of the soft palate, their innervation and major actions.PalatoglossusPalatopharyngeusHard PalateStyloglossusStylopharyngeusStylohyoidMandible (cut)Levator veli palatiniTensor veli palatiniGenioglossusGeniohyoidHyoglossusMylohyoid (cut)Sup. ConstrictorHyoid BonePalatoglossusV3IXXIIPharyngeal plexusVIIPalatopharyngeus

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