Happy 100th, Roosevelt Dam!

This month marks the 100th anniversary of the completion of the Roosevelt Dam in Arizona. It was a major part of the Salt River project, which aimed to create hydroelectric power from the Salt River and make its surrounding lands cultivable. The dam was an engineering marvel and was built as part of the Reclamation Act passed in 1902, which sought to irrigate arid lands in the United States—about one-third of the country’s land at the time. It also attempted to attract settlers in order to set up permanent communities.

The Roosevelt Dam, among other projects set up by the Reclamation Act, was featured in the August 12, 1911 issue of Scientific American. “On the Salt River project the power developed at the storage dam is converted into high-voltage electric current, and transmitted to the valley, where the fertile land greatly exceeds the water supply, and the latter is increased by pumping from a large number of wells distributed throughout the region where ground water is known to exist.” Around 40,000 acres of arid land were able to be cultivated, leading to the rise of cities and towns like Phoenix—now the country’s fifth-largest city.

It took over 350,00 cubic yards of masonry to build the dam and required nearly $300,000 to build roads accessing the area, as many of the preexisting roads were dug out to make the reservoir. The dam and the artificial reservoir (also named after President Theodore Roosevelt) were the largest in the world at the time they were built.

Events are being held this weekend at the Roosevelt Dam to commemorate its 100th year anniversary, including opening a time capsule placed at the dam in 1961 and replacing it with a time capsule from this year…maybe this blog post will make it in?

ABOUT THE AUTHOR(S)

Mary Karmelek

In 1845 Scientific American magazine made its debut on newsstands and has continued to be published ever since. Now, Nature Publishing Group and Scientific American are working to digitize all past issues of the magazine. Mary Karmelek is in charge of checking over each issue, and in the process she uncovers fascinating, captivating and humorous material buried in the yellowed pages of our past. In this blog she shares the highlights of her discoveries. Additional archival material appears every month in our 50, 100 and 150 Years Ago column.

Scientific American is part of Springer Nature, which owns or has commercial relations with thousands of scientific publications (many of them can be found at www.springernature.com/us). Scientific American maintains a strict policy of editorial independence in reporting developments in science to our readers.