4. How did the Industrial Revolution give rise to new philosophies? The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain because social, political, and agricultural conditions there were particularly favorable at that time. More importantly a stable govt. in Britain meant that monarchs and aristocrats were less likely by chance to seize income or impose taxes on people. As a result, earnings were safer, and ambitious businessmen could gain wealth, social status, and power more easily than in other parts of Europe. As a result this, many thinkers tried to understand this staggering changed that took place.

In addition, Britain's government pursued a relatively "hands-off" economic policy. This free-market approach was made popular through British philosopher and economist Adam Smith and his book The Wealth of Nations (1776). The "hands-off" or laissez-faire policy permitted new methods and ideas to flourish, which meant that the government could not interfere in relations between workers and business owners. In his book, Smith argued that private competition free of regulation produces and distributes wealth better than the government regulated markets. His arguments were to justify capitalism and discourage government involvement in trade and exchange. Smith believed that entrepreneurs seeking their own businesses organize the economy most efficiently.

Smith's ideas were supported by economists Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo. Their ideas would be the foundation of capitalism (1). Like smith, Thomas Malthus writings on population shaped economic thinking for generations to come. He predicted that population would outpace food supply and suggested that getting involved in wars would help to keep check on population. He's ridiculous! People actually though he was smart now that means they were brainless like him too. However, he claimed that as long as population increases the poor would suffer, so he urged families to have fewer children. David Ricardo...

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The IndustrialRevolution affected people in many ways. Machines were built, jobs were lost, cities became overcrowded, young children started working, and poverty spread.
Before the IndustrialRevolution, most people lived in the countryside, which was quite isolated. People were generally poor, and often went to bed hungry. There were no machines. Those who weren’t involved in agriculture made their income with ‘cottage industries.’ This was usually sewing, household manufacturing, or lace-making. Most people were illiterate, and there were no telephones, lights or cars. People woke up for work whenever they felt like it.
When all the inventions, like interchangeable parts, were built, people who lived in the country were forced to move to cities to get jobs. The cities became overcrowded. Factories were built, where workers controlled machines. New houses were built near factories so workers could walk to work. The houses were cheap, close together, and had no indoor plumbing. Rubbish was thrown into streets, and diseases like cholera, typhus, dysentery and smallpox spread. Many people died, either from starvation or sicknesses. But there were too many people looking for jobs, which meant factory owners could treat workers as they wanted. The jobs were boring, conditions were bad, and the pay was very low. Children and women labour was used. The children could be as young as 4, but they were...

...manufacturing, advanced technical enterprises, and other productive economic activity into an area, society, country. Industrialization in historical terms is a huge turning point in history and the process of making factories all around. The IndustrialRevolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th century when major agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on social economic and cultural conditions in Britain and spread throughout Europe and eventually the world, a process that continued as industrialization. The IndustrialRevolution was a turning point in human social history. Every aspect in living was influenced in some way. It started with mechanization with textile industrialization with textile industry, the development of iron making machines as the increased use of refine coal. Once it started it easy spread. Trade expansion was enabled by the introductions of railroads. The introduction of steam power and powered machinery was the cause of the dramatic increases of production capacity and also the population in England and Great Britain. Without the Industrialization the world would not be what it is today and many countries would not be as wealthy as they are now.
When the IndustrialRevolution began to come in affect and flooded the market with affordable consumer goods, these manufactured goods greatly improved the living conditions of the...

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The IndustrialRevolution
The Agriculture Revolution was a time when people worked the land by using simple hand tools. By the 1800’s, most people in Western Europe and the United States lived on farms. The nation’s economy was based on farming and the making of goods by hand and trading. They lived in rural areas in little cottages lit with firelight and candles. They made their own clothes and grew their own food. The system of making your own clothes was called the putting out system. The putting out system was the production of goods in homes under the supervision of a merchant who "put out" the raw materials, and paid for the finished product, which they then sold to a distant market. People also sold and traded their self-made goods within short distances from their location. People did not know much about villages that were beyond them because they were confined within 25 miles of their birthplace. This was because traveling by dirt roads was slow. During this time period, there was a rapid growth in the population called population explosion. Britain’s population went from 5 million in 1700 to almost 9 million in 1800. The population boom was due more to the decline in deaths than the increase in childbirth. The Agricultural Revolution also reduced the risk of famine because there was plenty of food to go around. Also, since the women ate better, they had healthier and stronger...

...Industry and new immigration
Chapter 3
Immigrants in the 1800’s had a tough time a lot of them had a language barrier. The industrialrevolution started before the civil war and immigration to the USA is not new. There was new generation of immigration called the ‘new immigration’. It was named to distinguish who came in European Jews, Italians and others. They were crowded into sweetshops and factories, these new immigrants tied to develop their old skills in to their new surrounding and workplace.
All the immigrants that came made a strong local presence, even though they were poor. Each nationality had their own little place or town. That is why a lot of cities now have china towns and other immigrated towns. Most immigrants lived in tight apartments or houses, most apartments were filled with many families. One apartment held the same nationality of immigrants, an apartment that was designed for 3-4 people a group or 10 or more could’ve been there. According to document 1 (Chinese Immigrant lee chew Denounces Prejudice in America, 1882 .pg 72) a Chinese boy goes from china to San Francisco and is treated unfairly. He gets a job but is shunned upon. He gets $3.50 which he saves $3 per week. They were not allowed to bring their wives in to America and marrying an American is an outcry. Other immigrants are allowed to citizens if they pass Chinese men...

...2. Howdid the IndustrialRevolution transform society?
During the 1700's, manufacturing companies in Britain began producing goods in a completely new way that would soon spread across Europe and then across the world. Inventors built remarkable machines. New forms of power, such as steam, replaced the strength of human and animals. The factory system of making goods also came into use. All of these advances affected patterns of living as well as working. Because society was so transformed, this time of great change is known as the IndustrialRevolution. The IndustrialRevolution brought with it an increase in population and urbanization, as well as new social classes and an alternation in international balance of political and military power. The IndustrialRevolution also helped ordinary people gain a higher standard of living as the widespread poverty of the pre-industrial world was gradually reduced.
Between 1760 and 1881 many cities in Britain exhibited spectacular growth (British Pop. Moves to the Cities). The IndustrialRevolution created two new classes, the capitalist and the working classes. The capitalists were the masters of the industries, the managers of mills and of workshops, who collected great wealth, due to high...

...<center><b>Examine in detail the History of the IndustrialRevolution. Discuss why Britain led the way in the IndustrialRevolution and also explain in detail the effects of industrialization on society.</b></center>
<br>
<br>Had it not been for the industrialrevolution, I would doubt very much that we would enjoy the technology we have in the year 2000. The reason we have this technology is that between the years 1750 and 1914 a great change in the world's history was made. People started to discover faster methods of producing goods, which increased their economy. These people were mainly British and French, but after a few years the French were distracted by their revolution, and the British continued to industrialize. However you must not think this industrialization had no effects on society because it did. So in this essay I am going to talk about the history of the industrialrevolution, discuss why Britain led the way in the industrialrevolution and also I am going to explain to you in detail the effects of industrialization on society.
<br>
<br>In the midevel ages people were living in total darkness, and they did not know what was going on in the world around them. Happily the medieval ages were followed by the renaissance. Then came the year 1750, the year of the agricultural...

...that would lead to radical changes in peoples lives, working relations and environment.
Industrialrevolution was so fundamental that it's often compared with the transition from farming to stock raising, which began several thousand years before the birth of Christ. Considering the uses of natural resources, can human history be dived up into three pieces of varying length; hundreds of thousands years before "the agricultural revolution", thousands of years between this and the Industrialrevolution and the two hundreds years after the beginning of Industrialrevolution.
Before Industrialrevolution, man did the most work in society. During 17th century people started to invent machines. Accompanied by changes in agriculture, science and the treatment of people, the Industrialrevolution shaped a new kind of life.
2.1 Limitations
I, sometimes have difficulties to draw limits. When it comes to such big and wide subject as the Industrialrevolution, it is of course very difficult to write and understand it all. It is also difficult to decide what is important enough to bring in the essay and what you should omit.
Therefor I decided to write a rather comprehensive job. I haven't focused on any particular part, but written what, when, how and why...

...Chapter 22
Section 1 Origins of the Industrial movement
The Enclosure Movement
An agricultural revolution started to occur in the 1500’s
Until the 1600’s farmers used public lands to graze cattle and sheep. Then these lands started to be enclosed, or fenced off, into individual plots
This is called the Enclosure Movement.
This benefited richer landowners, who added to their lands, but the smaller landowner was forced to become tenant farmers or had to move into the cities.
A tenant farmer is one who works on another’s land and gives a percentage to the landowner. (소작농)
Jethro Tull
Jethro Tull was a landowner and he was worried about the amount of seed that was being wasted when seeds were hand-scattered. Wasted seeds didn’t grow and lost the farmer money.
Seed Drill - Tull invented a seed drill to help plant seeds in straight rows.
He also invented a horse-drawn hoe to dig up weeds between the rows and break up soil before planting.
Charles “Turnip” Townshend copied a Dutch method of crop rotation, to add nutrients to the soil. he would plant wheat one year and turnips the next. Before that people had let the land lay fallow (or unused) for a season or grow clover on it to add nutrients.
Without these nutrients the top soil will be overused and blow away. This creates desertification in areas without much rain.
The American Jethro Wood replaced the wooded plow (쟁기) with an iron one and he invented a...

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