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Understand what phylogenetics is and its utility for life scientists (briefly) Know some of the computational pitfalls Identify some of the available resources Become ok with just saying yes to being a user (sometimes) Learning objectives

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Organ et al. Origin of avian genome size and structure in non-avian dinosaurs. Nature (2007) vol. 446 (7132) pp. 180-4 Here we use a novel bayesian comparative method to show that bone-cell size correlates well with genome size in extant vertebrates, and hence use this relationship to estimate the genome sizes of 31 species of extinct dinosaur, including several species of extinct birds. Our results indicate that the small genomes typically associated with avian flight evolved in the saurischian dinosaur lineage between 230 and 250 million years ago, long before this lineage gave rise to the first birds. By comparison, ornithischian dinosaurs are inferred to have had much larger genomes, which were probably typical for ancestral Dinosauria. Using comparative genomic data, we estimate that genome-wide interspersed mobile elements, a class of repetitive DNA, comprised 5-12% of the total genome size in the saurischian dinosaur lineage, but was 7-19% of total genome size in ornithischian dinosaurs, suggesting that repetitive elements became less active in the saurischian lineage.

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96% of published trees are available only as pictures of trees 4% of published trees are available as actuall y reusable trees Stoltzfus et al. 2013

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241,465 TeraGrid/XSEDE jobs submitted by 8,598 unique users. Average of 171 new XSEDE Users registered in every month. 5,216 CPU years of TeraGrid/XSEDE time. 241,465 TeraGrid/XSEDE jobs submitted by 8,598 unique users. Average of 171 new XSEDE Users registered in every month. 5,216 CPU years of TeraGrid/XSEDE time.

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Understand what phylogenetics is and its utility for life scientists (briefly) Know some of the computational pitfalls Identify some of the available resources Become ok with just saying yes to being a user (sometimes) Learning objectives