Research: My applied research relates to the effects of soil amendments on soil chemical and physical properties. More basic research investigates the chemistry and formation of soil organic matter, particularly soluble and extractable fractions. I have investigated the effects of naturally derived organic ligands on the solubility of phosphorus in soils, as well as environmentally and agronomically appropriate soil testing for phosphorus. I also serve as Director of the Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station Analytical Laboratory and Soil Testing Service.