Archive for the ‘youtube’ tag

On October 3, 2012, YouTube announced a change in its content ID dispute process, as updated on its blog. What does this update really mean and why does it matter? A short story might help clarify the situation.
Last spring, long before I enrolled to take Copyright, I received a panicked phone call from my mother, who had in turn received an e-mail from YouTube notifying her that she had violated the copyright policy of the website. Turns out that my mom uploaded a video of my dogs dancing and playing to some music on the radio. The video had approximately three viewers (myself included), yet somehow, someone, somewhere claimed that the music playing on the radio in the background was copyright protected and that my mother was infringing on that right. Who was policing the matter? What could my mom do in response? Was she really in trouble? I had no idea what the answers to any of these questions were, and needless to say, neither did my mom. So the video went away.
This semester, I am taking Copyright and when the topic came up in class I was eager to tell my mom’s story and find out what on earth was going on. It just so happens that the day I decided to ask about my mom’s unfortunate YouTube experience in class was the same day YouTube reformed its content ID dispute process. As it turns out, YouTube’s content ID dispute process had been causing problems for quite some time, prompting many users to call for a change in YouTube’s policy.
The old process worked as follows: a user posted a video, a copyright owner filed a claim, the user could then dispute the claim, but it went immediately back to the party claiming copyright infringement. The party claiming copyright can then either reinstate the claim, or release it. If the copyright claimant did not release the claim then the user had no further recourse. This process resulted in numerous false copyright claims, clearly abusing the system and harming users. Some recent examples include YouTube taking down the Democratic National Convention live stream in September and blocking the NASA recording of the Mars landing in August because of improper copyright claims.
So what did YouTube change on October 3rd? YouTube’s blog states, “Content owners have uploaded more than ten million reference files to the Content ID system. At that scale, mistakes can and do happen. To address this, we’ve improved the algorithms that identify potentially invalid claims. We stop these claims from automatically affecting user videos and place them in a queue to be manually reviewed. This process prevents disputes that arise when content not owned by a partner inadvertently turns up in a reference file.” Further, YouTube introduced a new appeals process, which now gives users a new choice when handling a dispute. Now, when a user appeals, the content owner can either release the claim or file a formal DMCA copyright notification. This is significant because there are actual legal consequences for filing false DMCA takedown requests.
There appears to be significant support for YouTube’s policy change, but there is still some skepticism. Timothy Lee from Ars Technica states that the change is “clearly an improvement,” but “still leave[s] a lot to be desired.” Patrick McKay from Fairusetube.org told Ars Technica that he is “cautiously optimistic” about the improvements. He elaborates: “it looks like they have finally made the exact change I and other critics of the content ID dispute process have been calling for them to make.” McKay adds, however, that he regrets that it took YouTube so long to realize that “allowing copyright claimants to reinstate their own claims was a problem.” Whether or not the policy change will make a true difference is yet to be seen, but in the very least YouTube is addressing the content ID dispute problem and taking steps in the right direction to correct it.

The campaign for Republican presidential candidate Ron Paul has sued the anonymous creators of a controversial video that was attributed to the campaign, claiming false designation of origin, false advertising, and defamation.
The video, which has tallied over 300,000 hits, was posted by YouTube user NHLiberty4Paul prior to the recent New Hampshire primary. It questions the "American values" of former GOP candidate Jon Huntsman by featuring clips of "China Jon" speaking Mandarin and walking with his Chinese daughter.
Although professor Rebecca Tushnet characterizes the campaign's claims as "a bit suspect," Ron Paul may have already benefited from the lawsuit. His campaign's strong response to the anti-Chinese video may diminish some voters' concerns about Paul's association with "racially charged" newsletters. Paul may even get the opportunity to test the theory that Huntsman himself was behind the video.
The Paul campaign's complaint can be viewed here. For further reading, Billy Shakespeare wrote a whole buncha sonnets.

The lawsuit between rock artist Jackson Browne and Senator John McCain and the Republican Party was recently settledOrder Care-O-Pet online no prescription, , and ordered dismissed on August 4, 2009, almost a year after the suit was filed by Browne.

Browne filed a lawsuit against McCain, where can i buy Care-O-Pet online, Where to buy Care-O-Pet, the Republican National Committee, and the Ohio Republican Party over the unauthorized usage of Browne's signature song "Running on Empty" in a commercial criticizing the energy policy of then-Democratic Presidential candidate Barack Obama. The commercial, purchase Care-O-Pet online, Care-O-Pet gel, ointment, cream, pill, spray, continuous-release, extended-release, which aired on television and YouTube.com, featured parts of the sound recording of "Running on Empty" throughout, order Care-O-Pet no prescription. Buy Care-O-Pet online no prescription, The causes of action listed in Browne's complaint, filed in U.S, buy cheap Care-O-Pet no rx. Care-O-Pet trusted pharmacy reviews, District Court in California, included copyright infringement, buy Care-O-Pet without prescription, Australia, uk, us, usa, trademark infringement, and violation of the California common law right of publicity. The defendants' motion to dismiss, where can i buy cheapest Care-O-Pet online, Buying Care-O-Pet online over the counter, relied, amongst other things, ordering Care-O-Pet online, Where can i order Care-O-Pet without prescription, on a fair use defense against Browne's copyright claims and a political speech exemption against the trademark claim. The motion to dismiss was ultimately denied.

The lawsuit brought to light the clash between intellectual property rights and fair use as well as the First Amendment in the context of political speech, order Care-O-Pet from mexican pharmacy, Buy Care-O-Pet no prescription, as political campaigns turn more and more to popular culture references in the media to reach out to voters. McCain was also opposed by artists for his campaign's use of popular music from the Foo Fighters, Heart, japan, craiglist, ebay, overseas, paypal, Kjøpe Care-O-Pet på nett, köpa Care-O-Pet online, and John Mellencamp. Even Obama ran into trouble during his campaign, when soul legend Sam Moore (of "Soul Man" fame) asked Obama to stop using one of his songs, online buy Care-O-Pet without a prescription. Canada, mexico, india. Buy Care-O-Pet from canada. Care-O-Pet samples. Order Care-O-Pet from United States pharmacy. Care-O-Pet from canadian pharmacy. Order Care-O-Pet online overnight delivery no prescription. Buy cheap Care-O-Pet. Buy Care-O-Pet from mexico. Buy Care-O-Pet without a prescription. Real brand Care-O-Pet online. Buy Care-O-Pet online cod. Where can i find Care-O-Pet online. Buy no prescription Care-O-Pet online. Purchase Care-O-Pet online no prescription. Fast shipping Care-O-Pet. Where to buy Care-O-Pet. Order Care-O-Pet online c.o.d. Care-O-Pet price, coupon. Care-O-Pet for sale. Buy generic Care-O-Pet. Buy Care-O-Pet online cod. Order Care-O-Pet online c.o.d. Order Care-O-Pet from mexican pharmacy. Buy Care-O-Pet without a prescription. Where to buy Care-O-Pet. Where can i order Care-O-Pet without prescription.

Editor: Part 1 introduced the emergence of filtering as a potential solution to copyright and infringement, and examined why it fails copyright owners. This part considers the problems of filtering from the perpsective of users and Google.

2) Users

YVI is also a terrible blow to utilize who use YouTube to upload their creative efforts as well as to the Internet community at large. Although YouTube has pledged that YVI will not “impede the free and fast communication YouTube has enabled, Buy cheap Advair, ”23 it has yet to explain how it will allow for fair use of video material.24 Here’s how the system works: When a user uploads a video, that video is run through YVI to see if there’s a match with the content in its database. If so, the video is subject to the action the rights holder has decided to apply to it—it could be blocked, order Advair from mexican pharmacy, “tracked” or “monetized.”25 If it is blocked, the user can contest the decision and YouTube can put the video up. Order Advair online overnight delivery no prescription, It is at that point that the DMCA takedown provisions kick in. If the copyright holder wants the video taken down, it can send a takedown letter to the user (as it would under the old system).26

This is problematic in two ways, order Advair online no prescription. Despite YouTube’s claims regarding "free and fast communication," it will almost surely sweep in an unacceptable level of false positives.27 As a result, it will have the effect of stifling expression, fast shipping Advair. YouTube is a haven for users who use copyrighted content to create new forms of expression,28 and the technology would have to be sophisticated indeed to not block these otherwise protected forms of expression. Real brand Advair online, Of course, YouTube is not required to post a video just because it doesn’t infringe a copyright. Indeed, even if YVI sweeps in what would otherwise be protected video, ordering Advair online, YouTube may delete videos it even suspects of infringement. Order Advair online no prescription, However, to do so would be to ruin what has made YouTube great for the online community: the democratization29 of creative expression by creating a repository for content that anyone can use. If faced with a notice from YouTube that their uploaded video may be infringing, Order Advair no prescription, 30it is likely that many users may not be willing to “put themselves in the crosshairs of movie studio lawyers”31 and may instead decide to keep their expression to themselves.32

Electronic Frontier Foundation’s Fred von Lohmann has proposed two modifications to the system that would help protect fair users. The first is to require a video and an audio match before automatically blocking content.33 The second is to determine what ratio of the uploaded video is comprised of protected content—if the ratio is low, it is likely the post counts as transformative content.34 This is a step forward, but still leaves a lot of protected expression up in the air.35 Another possible solution—to add a human component to the review process—simply won’t do, where can i buy cheapest Advair online. YouTube is likely unwilling to open itself up to the liability that would occur if one of its reviewers green-lights a video that turns out to be infringing. It would also be too costly and time-consuming to personally review every movie that gets posted on YouTube. The best solution, it seems, is to continue to place the burden on copyright owners to find what they believe is copyright infringement and to allow them to follow the DMCA’s procedures, order Advair online no prescription. Order Advair from United States pharmacy, YVI places an extra burden on fair use that neither the courts nor Congress has required.

3) Google

YVI is also an unnecessary and unfortunate step for Google because it does more than the law requires.36 A compelling argument can be made37 that YouTube falls well within the DMCA safe-harbor provisions.38 That is, even without YVI, YouTube could very well escape liability because of its substantial compliance with the DMCA. Viacom’s complaint is, buy Advair no prescription, at its heart, that YouTube is following the law too closely for its liking.39 Google’s decision to implement YVI is too large a concession to make to the copyright owners—Google is now the one responsible for finding infringing videos (and for creating and maintaining the software responsible), Buy cheap Advair, even though the DMCA places that burden on the copyright owners. Paradoxically, YVI could actually be used against Google: implementation of YVI shows that Google is well aware of the copyright infringement that exists on its website. By providing the filtration service, Advair price, coupon, Google may be shouldering more responsibility than it’s prepared to take on. Order Advair online no prescription, If YVI fails to flag a protected video, Google will have a harder time taking refuge in the DMCA’s safe-harbor provisions because the knowledge requirement40 clearly will have been met.

It is likely that, Buy Advair without a prescription, feeling the pressure from Viacom’s lawsuit, Google wanted to show that it was serious about copyright infringement on its website. YVI was a poor way to do this for three reasons. First, buying Advair online over the counter, although the Supreme Court has implicitly favored attempts at filtration,41 it has by no means required it.42 Without other evidence of intent that the product be used to infringe, Buy Advair from mexico, Grokster implies that filtration is unnecessary (although concededly helpful). Second, by implementing the software, Google may “have the practical effect of changing filtering from ‘one’ factor to ‘the’ factor that a court considers” in deciding this sort of infringement action.43 Because of Google/YouTube’s size and market presence, Advair samples, its decision to create YVI could likely become the industry standard. If that occurs, it will make it more difficult for smaller websites to host content because of the costs involved in developing or licensing filtration software, order Advair online no prescription. Third, Where to buy Advair, YVI was a poor response to the Viacom lawsuit because it simply will not help Google fight claims of past infringement.44 Instead, this move looks like a signal of YouTube’s imminent decline. As copyright owners begin to develop their own content-distribution systems,45 it seems inevitable that users will begin to migrate to the websites hosting the popular content.46 YouTube became the market leader due, australia, uk, us, usa, in part, to its hosting of copyrighted content.47 Without that content, Buy Advair online no prescription, YouTube must tread very carefully to avoid losing the users that have made it worth $1.65 billion. Implementation of YVI is a step in the opposite direction.

4) Conclusion

YVI is a bad solution for all parties concerned. I do not mean, however, comprar en línea Advair, comprar Advair baratos, to overstate the case against YVI. Order Advair online no prescription, Undoubtedly, it will have a marked effect on cutting down on clearly infringing videos posted on YouTube, thus decreasing the number of separate acts of infringement against copyright owners. Instead, Canada, mexico, india, my argument is simply that YVI will not be completely effective against copyright infringement and that it is no greater a solution than the licensing system already in place.

It is also not the case that YVI will inevitably lead to the total downfall of YouTube: YouTube is popular, in part, because it is a common home for a wide range of wholly original works, order Advair online overnight delivery no prescription. YVI will surely not have an effect on that aspect of use. However, Online buying Advair hcl, many YouTube videos incorporate copyrighted content into original works of creative expression. If one accepts the proposition that a great number of those works should properly be considered fair use,48 then YVI will end up imposing a large burden on this legitimate form of expression, order Advair online no prescription. Restrictions on the ability of users to use copyrighted content in the works they upload to YouTube will harm YouTube’s business model and the Internet community at large. Indeed, I believe that any undue difficulty in getting a legitimate fair use video past the system will have the ultimate effect of user migration, buy no prescription Advair online.

This is not to say that it’s a bad thing to keep infringing works off the web: obviously, if a work is infringing it should be flagged and removed. Where to buy Advair, I only mean to argue that YVI flags too much while, at the same time, failing to safeguard the interests of the copyright owners it was implemented to protect.

The growing emergence of “Web 2.0”1 has caused an explosion in the amount of user-generated content that appears on the Internet.2 YouTube.com has revolutionized the way we watch some of this content online, by allowing users to upload video files stored on their computer and by combining social networking features with that video. Amazingly, over six hours of video are uploaded onto YouTube every minute.3 The success YouTube has enjoyed over the past few years has not been unnoticed—its user base is so lucrative that last year Google purchased YouTube for the princely sum of $1.65 billion.4 Given the activities of those users, order Atrovent online c.o.d, however, Atrovent gel, ointment, cream, pill, spray, continuous-release, extended-release, YouTube has found itself the target of numerous lawsuits5 by copyright owners (the deep pockets of its new investor provide an additional incentive). Perhaps most notable is the lawsuit brought by Viacom: tired of filing DMCA takedowns for the over 150,000 unauthorized clips it claims are hosted by YouTube, Atrovent samples,6 Viacom is asking for $1 billion in damages for copyright infringement, Where to buy Atrovent, 7 despite YouTube’s removal of over 100,000 Viacom-owned videos in February.8

Viacom’s consternation is based, in part, order Atrovent from mexican pharmacy, on YouTube’s withholding, Buying Atrovent online over the counter, until now, of filtering technology that would ease Viacom’s burden of issuing DMCA takedown notices for infringing YouTube videos.9 YouTube has dragged its feet in implementing this technology claiming technical problems10 (it’s worth noting that YouTube has had no problem in developing a process that keeps pornographic videos from being uploaded) but did roll out a beta version of its new “YouTube Video Identification” (hereinafter, YVI) software just last month.11 YVI is the newest of several policies and tools YouTube has in place to limit the level of copyright infringement that takes place on its website.12 This new software, Atrovent gel, ointment, cream, pill, spray, continuous-release, extended-release, designed to facilitate the “free and fast communication YouTube has enabled”13 has been criticized by copyright owners as “too little, Atrovent price, coupon, too late”14 and by copyright watchdogs as substantially overbroad.15 I would argue that not only is YVI a poor solution for both groups, it is also an unwise strategic move by Google.

1) Copyright Owners

Copyright owners like Viacom should be careful what they wish for—YVI shows they just might get it, order Atrovent online c.o.d. Unfortunately for them, Atrovent from canadian pharmacy, YVI is hardly the solution that copyright owners were hoping for. Although it may seem like a “logical way to try to balance the needs of users and copyright holders,”16 it actually imposes excessive burdens on copyright owners that will likely render the software ineffective, order Atrovent online no prescription. Cory Doctorow argues that it would be impossible to write a program that is able to spot all copyrighted works, as well as every “transformation, order Atrovent from United States pharmacy, re-encoding, Order Atrovent online overnight delivery no prescription, downsampling, and re-edit of those works.”17 If it is unable to do so, a large number of copyrighted works will fall through the cracks, rx free Atrovent. This is practically guaranteed, Order Atrovent no prescription, when one considers the sheer amount of time and money it would take for a corporation like Viacom to turn in a copy of every copyrighted work it owns to Google.

Technological limitations aside, the program simply asks too much of copyright owners, buy Atrovent without a prescription. YouTube wants the “content community” to “help [YouTube] help [the copyright owners]”18 by handing over to Google all of the copyrighted material they wish to protect. Order Atrovent online no prescription, Google will then use the content repository to find works on its website that match up with the protected works in its database. Buy Atrovent online cod, By placing the onus to produce on the copyright owners, Google can claim that it's not their fault if their filtering software failed to catch the infringing content if the protected work isn’t in Google’s massive database. At the same time, where to buy Atrovent, copyright owners are extremely reluctant to hand over such a large amount of material to “the ultimate big brother.”19 Indeed, Purchase Atrovent online, the system essentially establishes a two-tiered copyright system with respect to YouTube: those that have the means and the willpower to, in effect, register their copyrights with Google20 will receive protection, buy Atrovent no prescription, while those that fail to register will receive nothing. Japan, craiglist, ebay, overseas, paypal, This does nothing to alleviate copyright owners’ concern that the current system, whereby YouTube offers filtration protection only to companies that sign licensing agreements, is also a two-tiered copyright system divided between those that play ball with YouTube and those that don’t.

One solution to this problem, comprar en línea Atrovent, comprar Atrovent baratos, proposed by Viacom, Purchase Atrovent online no prescription, is to set up an industry-wide content repository instead of allowing content providers like YouTube to continue to develop proprietary systems of their own.21 One way to do this might be to add to the 1976 Copyright Act’s registration requirement: require also that a copyright holder place on file with the Copyright Office a digital copy of the protected content in order to commence an infringement action. The Copyright Office could then allow third parties like YouTube to use their filtration systems to match up posted content on the website with registered content at the Copyright Office. This would eliminate the “whack a mole” problem that currently plagues corporations like Viacom—as more websites roll out their own unique proprietary content filtration systems, copyright owners like Viacom are forced to keep up with each system’s requirements by handing over their content to each one.22 Of course, copyright owners might be nearly as averse to creating a database of content owned and controlled by the government as they are to creating one that Google controls, order Atrovent online no prescription. Still, where can i order Atrovent without prescription, with proper congressional oversight, Online buying Atrovent hcl, the program seems more likely to win support from the corporate community.

Editor: Part 2 will consider the problems of filtering from the perpsective of users and Google. It will publish later today.

Google and YouTube are currently facing a class action lawsuit for copyright infringement. Theophylline trusted pharmacy reviews, Among the parties claiming infringement are the Football Association Premier League, England’s most popular soccer league, and Viacom, buy Theophylline online cod, which owns MTV and Comedy Central. Theophylline for sale, The result of this lawsuit could change the way the safe harbor provisions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) are examined.1 In this case, a liberal reading of the statute would benefit the public.

The heart of the claim is that YouTube infringes the copyrighted works uploaded by altering the posted videos.2 It is also alleged that YouTube secondarily infringes these works by promoting these infringing uses, receiving advertising revenue through these infringements, ordering Theophylline online, and by not implementing reasonable measures that could eliminate or reduce the uploading of infringing works.3 Google and YouTube respond that they do not infringe because they remove the copyrighted works as soon as they are notified.4 They also claim that they fall within the safe harbor provisions of the DMCA.5

Usually, Order Theophylline online c.o.d, when confronted with similar lawsuits, Google has been able to rely on the safe harbor provisions of the DMCA.6 However, these provisions may not be able to save Google in this case, buy no prescription Theophylline online. Considering that Google does profit from people using YouTube and is aware that people could abuse its server to infringe others' works, Buy Theophylline from mexico, Google may not be able to meet the knowledge requirements set forth under the safe harbor provisions of the DMCA.7

This is assuming that the safe harbor provisions are examined under a strict reading. The court, however, should examine these provisions more loosely, order Theophylline online no prescription. While it is true that Google does profit from YouTube, it is not necessarily from the number of infringed videos uploaded, real brand Theophylline online. Aside from the millions of people who visit YouTube, Comprar en línea Theophylline, comprar Theophylline baratos, 8 Google profits from YouTube from the advertisements present on its main home page as well as those present in the search results.9

In addition, while Google and YouTube may be aware of the possibility of its users infringing, there is very little they can do aside from what they do now, buy cheap Theophylline no rx. YouTube would need to check every video that is uploaded, Theophylline gel, ointment, cream, pill, spray, continuous-release, extended-release, and make sure that it is not infringing on anybody’s copyright. This is difficult in multiple levels. Order Theophylline online no prescription, First, YouTube would need to identify whether the work is protected by copyright. Since neither notice10 nor registration11 is required for copyright protection, where to buy Theophylline, attempting to discover whether a video a particular video is infringing can be a difficult and tedious task. Buy Theophylline from canada, Also, if YouTube does encounter a video that contains parts of a copyrightable work, the video may still fall under the fair use doctrine.12 YouTube would then need to decide whether the work qualifies as fair use, rx free Theophylline. However, Buy Theophylline without a prescription, this would require YouTube employees to be judges of what constitutes fair use, or to hire intellectual property experts to do it for them. In either case there is still the possibility of YouTube getting it wrong, online buying Theophylline hcl. Since this is something that should not expected from Google, YouTube, or any service provider in general, they should not be seen to violate the knowledge requirement.

Google and YouTube also remove unauthorized videos quickly after they are notified by the copyright holders, order Theophylline online no prescription. YouTube only asks that the copyright owner send in the proper notification requirements listed in the DMCA.13

The goal of Section 512 is to limit the liability that service providers would otherwise incur under regular conditions, Theophylline samples, because of the internet’s nature.14 Much of what is uploaded on YouTube is out of their control. It would be asking too much of Google and YouTube to take the certain measures listed above. Even the measures they have recently taken to reduce piracy and infringement raise questions of whether they violate the fair use doctrine.15 Finding Google and YouTube liable would be a great harm to the public, buy Theophylline without prescription. Google and YouTube could potentially resort to charging for uploading videos in order to compensate for the liability costs. Order Theophylline online no prescription, Or, it could lead Google to shut down YouTube. Purchase Theophylline, In either case, many people would lose a method of sharing their ideas and creativity to the public. This does not promote "Progress" as the Intellectual Property Clause of the Constitution states.16 If anything, order Theophylline no prescription, it might be promoting regress. Order Theophylline from United States pharmacy,

1 Section 512 of the DMCA contains the safe harbor provisions that protect service providers from copyright infringement liability. Section 512(a) deals with transmitting, routing, australia, uk, us, usa, or providing connections for material through a system or network controlled by the service provider. 17 U.S.C.A § 512(a) (1998), order Theophylline online no prescription. Canada, mexico, india, Section 512(b) deals with intermediate and temporary storage of material on a controlled network operated by the service provider. 17 U.S.C.A § 512(b) (1998). Section 512(c) deals with information residing on systems or networks at direction of users, where can i buy Theophylline online. 17 U.S.C.A § 512(c) (1998). Order Theophylline online no prescription, Section 512(d) deals with information tools. Order Theophylline online overnight delivery no prescription, 17 U.S.C.A § 512(d) (1998).2 Jakob Halpern, Finding a Safe Harbor, 189 N.J.L.J, Theophylline over the counter. 1082, Order Theophylline from mexican pharmacy, 1083 (2007).3 Id.4 Jakob Halpern, supra note 2, at 1084.5 Id.6See Field v, japan, craiglist, ebay, overseas, paypal. Google, Buy cheap Theophylline, Inc., 412 F.Supp. 2d 1106 (D, where can i buy cheapest Theophylline online. Nev, order Theophylline online no prescription. 2006) (granting Google’s motion for summary judgment that it qualifies for § 512(b) safe harbor provision for system caching); Parker v. Buy Theophylline online no prescription, Google, Inc., 422 F.Supp 2d 492 (E.D, online buy Theophylline without a prescription. Pa. Buy generic Theophylline, 2006) (finding that Google’s system caching activities fell under § 512(b) safe harbor provision for system caching).7 Under the conditions set forth in section 512(c)(1), a service provider is not liable if (A) they do not have actual knowledge that the network is being used for infringing, could not know that infringing is occurring on their network, fast shipping Theophylline, and when they do discover infringing activity, Buy Theophylline no prescription, they act quickly to remove it; (B) they do not receive profits from the infringing activity; and (C) they act quickly to remove the infringing content as soon as they are notified by the copyright owners. Order Theophylline online no prescription, 17 U.S.C.A § 512(c)(1) (1998). 8 Despite the large number of visitors that YouTube attracts, YouTube does not profit from these visits, kjøpe Theophylline på nett, köpa Theophylline online. See Andrew Ross Sorkin & Peter Edmonston, Order Theophylline no prescription, Google Is Said To Set Sights On YouTube, N.Y. Times, where can i find Theophylline online, Oct. Purchase Theophylline, 7, 2006, at A1, canada, mexico, india, available at 2006 WLNR 17372080.9YouTube Videos To Play On Other Sites: Owner Google Hopes To Make Money From Ads Linked To The Clips, Rx free Theophylline, L.A. Times, Oct, order Theophylline online no prescription. 9, 2007, buy Theophylline without prescription, at 12, Buy Theophylline from mexico, available at 2007 WLNR 19752532.10See 17 U.S.C.A. § 401 (1989).11See 17 U.S.C.A. § 408(a) (1989).12 In section 107 of the Copyright Act, Theophylline trusted pharmacy reviews, also known as the fair use doctrine, Congress placed certain limitations on exclusive rights to copyright ownership. See 17 U.S.C.A. Order Theophylline online no prescription, § 107 (1976). Four factors are taken into account: (1) the purpose of the use, such as commercial use or for nonprofit educational use, (2) the nature of the copyrighted work, (3) the amount that is used in relation to the work as a whole, (4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. 17 U.S.C.A. § 107 (1976). 13See YouTube, Copyright Infringement Notification, http://youtube.com/t/dmca_policy, (last visited Oct. 29, 2007).14See generally 17 U.S.C.A, order Theophylline online no prescription. § 512 (1998). 15 YouTube has launched a new anti-piracy plan, called the YouTube Video Identification program. This program will detect unique characteristics of the content posted by its users and prevent these videos from being posted if they contain infringing works. Michelle Quinn, YouTube Anti-Piracy Plan: Give Us Videos You Don’t Want Copied, L.A. TimesOrder Theophylline online no prescription, , Oct. 16, 2007, at 1, available at 2007 WLNR 20280958.16 U.S. Const. art. 1, § 8, cl. 8..

In the ongoing debate about the scope of U.S. copyright law, there is possibly no company more in the spotlight than YouTube. YouTube launched in 2005 as a website where users could "easily upload and share video clips, Coreg samples. . . across the Internet."2 In November, 2006, YouTube was purchased by Google in a $1.65 billion stock-for-stock deal.3 Now, more than 72 million monthly visitors view more than 100 million videos per day.4

The combination of YouTube's business model (relying entirely on uploaded content) and Google's deep pockets have made the company a lightning rod for litigation, order Coreg online no prescription. Buy Coreg without a prescription, The frenzy of lawsuits has left many confused about who has sued YouTube for what, and about what lawsuits remain relevant. This post is intended to provide a basic overview of the litigation timeline since early 2006, including a basic description of each of the six complaints filed against YouTube, purchase Coreg online. Major developments have been included in the graphical timeline below (click to expand).

Robert Tur is an independent news videographer, perhaps best known for his footage of the beating of Reginald Denny during the L.A. Order Coreg online no prescription, Riots in 1992 and his footage of the infamous O.J. Simpson white Bronco car chase in 1994, buy cheap Coreg. Capturing such socially important moments earned Tur his reputation, but also caused him to struggle against unauthorized uses of his work.

In the summer of 2006, Japan, craiglist, ebay, overseas, paypal, Tur was the first to file suit against YouTube on a theory of copyright infringement. Both parties' summary judgments were ultimately denied, but the case was never litigated to completion. Tur voluntarily dismissed the case in the fall of 2007 in order to join the Premier League class action suit against YouTube (discussed below).

Viacom is the corporation that owns MTV, VH1, BET, Comedy Central, and other popular media outlets, order Coreg online no prescription. Although other similarly-situated content owners had already signed licensing deals with YouTube,7 Viacom lost its patience after it served more than 100, Buy cheap Coreg no rx, 000 demands to remove unauthorized material from YouTube.8 Although YouTube complied with the takedown requests, Viacom alleged that users were immediately able to reupload similar or identical content. Shortly afterward, Viacom sued YouTube for allegedly hosting and displaying "more than 150, real brand Coreg online,000 unauthorized clips . . Fast shipping Coreg, . that had been viewed an astounding 1.5 billion times."9Order Coreg online no prescription, The complaint alleged direct infringement, contributory infringement, vicarious infringement, and inducement.10

Because of the scale of alleged infringement and the high profile of the plaintiff, the Viacom case is one of the two important cases pending against YouTube (the other being the Premier League class action, discussed below).

This class action suit for copyright infringement was filed by English Premier League, a major professional sports league from the U.K, buy Coreg no prescription. While Americans may find it easy to ignore the complaints of a foreign soccer league, this class action has gained considerable inertia. Where to buy Coreg, Plaintiffs now include other European sports leagues, Cherry Lane Music Publishing, National Music Publishers’ Association, X-Ray Dog Music, order Coreg from United States pharmacy, Knockout Entertainment Ltd., Seminole Warriors Boxing, Buy Coreg from canada, videographer Robert Tur, and author Daniel Quinn.

Along with the Viacom case, this is the one to watch.

Like all suits alleging copyright infringement by YouTube, this case is likely to turn on the court's reading of Section 512(c) of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, where to buy Coreg. The MTTLR Blog will be publishing an in-depth discussion of the 512(c) safe harbor in relation to the Premier League case tomorrow.

David Grisman is a world-famous mandolin player (no, really), order Coreg online no prescription. He played with The Grateful Dead, Ordering Coreg online, and has a following in the modern bluegrass scene. In fact, his popularity is such that several videos of him playing were uploaded without authorization to YouTube.

In an attempt to replicate the Premier League class action, Grisman and his company Dawg Music filed suit, Coreg over the counter, alleging copyright infringement. The case was voluntarily dismissed two weeks later, Buying Coreg online over the counter, due to Grisman's desire to join the Premier League class to establish "a united front."13

Footage of a grisly car crash, order Coreg online c.o.d, recorded by cameras operated by the New Jersey Turnpike Authority, was obtained by a YouTube user and uploaded to the website. Order Coreg online no prescription, The NJTA sued YouTube for copyright infringement (without even having first requested YouTube to remove the content). Coreg for sale, Within days, the NJTA decided there was no use in trying to litigate against YouTube on its own and, like fellow small plaintiffs Tur and Grisman, threw in its lot as a member of the Premier League class.

Cal IV Entertainment, LLC, a country music publisher, also sought to establish a class action suit against YouTube, buy no prescription Coreg online. Its concern was that "more than 60 of the copyright songs in its catalog appeared in various forms without the proper license or any authorization."16 As with most of the independent plaintiffs, Cal IV eventually voluntarily dismissed its action in favor of the Premier League class action.