Water from an economic perspective

The optimistic outcome of securing humanity with fresh water in the future remains valid only if measures aimed at the proper distribution of water resources on earth are widely taken and time-limited, The struggle against water pollution continued in favor of the world's freshwater economy in industry and agriculture.

The basics of these measures have been discussed: the diversion or transfer of fresh water from its rich areas to its poorest areas, the construction of dams and reservoirs on rivers to regulate their courses, and the struggle Against water pollution in the environment and the need to filter and purify water from living and industrial sewage systems, also switching to technology that does not require large quantities of water, and ultimately desalination Seawater and saltground water.

If these measures are taken into account together, then humanity can use for a very long time God's invaluable grace, the water from which God has made everything alive.

In general, modern large cities equipped with water and sanitation systems, the per capita water consumption is much higher than in small rural areas. The per capita share of the modern large city ranges from 300 to 600 liters of water per day.

Of course, this amount also includes the amount of water spent on the city's economy, such as tree watering and street washing. In rural areas, even in the most advanced country, per capita consumption does not exceed 100-120 liters per day. In less developed developing countries, the amount is 20-30 liters per day per capita.

Water supply to the population is the lowest part of total global water consumption, accounting for only 5% of total consumption. No branch of the industry uses water, as water is used in production processes as a shop or solvent, a heat carrier (steam, hot water) and a cooler.

In general, water consumption fluctuates in broad areas relative to the level of the production process. Large quantities of water are also consumed in the food industry, particularly in slaughterhouses, farms and factories.

There is no doubt that industrial development requires a great consumption of water, especially since this water is consumed by industrial waste, which is the main reason for the decrease of fresh water on the planet, knowing that Industry ranks second after agriculture in terms of water consumption, with the main consumption of water in agricultural uses of irrigation and watering.

Statistics indicate that at present, more than 280 million hectares are irrigated around the world. Water consumption in agricultural uses is the first among the various water uses, and exceeds 3,500 km3 per year or 70% of world consumption, and non-yield consumption accounts for about 1800 km3 of That's the amount. Another form of water loss due to the use of natural water by humans is evaporation from the surface of water reservoirs, with the world's water reservoirs having an area of about 350-450,000 km2.

From the above we find that there are four main ways of consuming water by humanity: population, industry, agriculture, water reservoirs. It consumes more than 3,500 km3 of fresh water per year, a total of 9% of the total amount of runoff for the world's rivers combined, which is 4,454 km3.

These figures, as Oleg Spingarn says in his book "Is water enough for our grandchildren?" Completely inaccurate, but their arrangement does not raise any doubts. At first glance, the results of the calculations of the public drainage of water seem encouraging, and it remains unclear, the following question: why have the horrifying headlines about the lack of fresh water and the problem appear in the world press? The number one in the world is securing water for humans?

The danger of insufficient water has arisen as a result of the rapid growth of the earth's population, with the earth's population increasing by two people every second. As a result of the stormy industrial development of the industry, new industrial branches are emerging requiring the consumption of large quantities of water.