Production of Citric Acid by Fungi

Mustafa YigitoğluFrom Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hacettepe, Ankara, Türkiye.

A general review on citric acid production is written which cover only submerged fermentation processes. It contains some early literature which concentrates on fundamental aspects. There are many reports on the production of citric acid in submerged culture which show the wide variation in the conditions recommended for a successful fermentation. Since it has been shown that the nature and quantity of trace metals, carbon and nitrogen source and correct environmental conditions are very important for a successful citric acid fermentation, all these factors are discussed.