In an effort to enhance the understanding of how best to engage in team science to promote collaborative translational research and meet society’s needs, the First Annual International Science of Team Science (SciTS) Conference was convened on April 22-24, 2010 in Chicago, Illinois. The event was produced by Research Team Support (RTS) of the Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Sciences (NUCATS) Institute, in partnership with the NIH National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences and the Lambert Family Communication Conference of the School of Communication at Northwestern University. A Program Conference Committee of twelve renowned investigators in SciTS served as advisors. This article presents a summary of the Conference proceedings.