The example doesn't come from the paper; I made it myself. You only need to believe the figure I cited -- don't bother with the rest of the paper.

Call the estimands mu_1 to mu_n; the data are x_1 to x_n. The prior over the mu parameters is flat in the positive subset of R^n, zero elsewhere. The sampling distribution for x_i is Normal(mu_i,1). I don't know the distribution the parameters actually follow. The causal process is irrelevant -- I'll stipulate that the sampling distribution is known exactly.

Call the 90% quantiles of my posterior distributions q_i. From the sampling perspective, these are random quantities, being monotonic functions of the data. Their sampling distributions satisfy the inequality Pr(q_i > mu_i | mu_i) < 0.9. (This is what the figure I cited shows.) As n goes to infinity, I become more and more sure that my posterior intervals of the form (0, q_i] are undercalibrated.

You might cite the improper prior as the source of the problem. However, if the parameter space were unrestricted and the prior flat over all of R^n, the posterior intervals would by correctly calibrated.

But it really is fair to demand a proper prior. How could we determine that prior? Only by Bayesian updating from some pre-prior state of information to the prior state of information (or equivalently, by logical deduction, provided that the knowledge we update on is certain). Right away we run into the problem that Bayesian updating does not have calibration guarantees in general (and for this, you really ought to read the literature), so it's likely that any proper prior we might justify does not have a calibration guarantee.