The subfield of anthropology that deals with human and nonhuman primate evolution, the biological bases of human behavior, and human biological variability and its significance. Physical anthropology is often referred to as biological anthropology to signal the close links with other biological sciences. The term physical anthropology is largely an American and British invention; in most European and many other countries, physical anthropologists are the only anthropologists, while persons who study behavioral aspects of the human condition are known as archeologists, ethnologists, linguists, or prehistorians. In Great Britain, and increasingly in the United States and elsewhere, the term human biology is also used instead of physical anthropology, especially in relation to curricula in the health sciences. See also: Anthropology; Archeology

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