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"At Home We Work Together": Domestic Feminism and Patriarchy in Little Women.

Creator

Wester, Bethany S., Moore, Dennis, Edwards, Leigh, Fenstermaker, John, Program in American and Florida Studies, Florida State University

Abstract/Description

For 136 years, Louisa May Alcott's Little Women has remained a classic in American children's literature. Although Alcott originally wrote the novel as a book for young girls, deeper issues run beneath the surface story of the March family. This thesis explores a few of these issues. Chapter One examines the roles of patriarchy and domesticity in Alcott's private life and in Little Women. Chapter Two emphasizes the Transcendentalist thinking that surrounded Alcott in her childhood, her own,... Show moreFor 136 years, Louisa May Alcott's Little Women has remained a classic in American children's literature. Although Alcott originally wrote the novel as a book for young girls, deeper issues run beneath the surface story of the March family. This thesis explores a few of these issues. Chapter One examines the roles of patriarchy and domesticity in Alcott's private life and in Little Women. Chapter Two emphasizes the Transcendentalist thinking that surrounded Alcott in her childhood, her own, feminized Transcendentalist philosophy, and how it subsequently infiltrates the novel. Chapter Three explores the role of the struggling female artist in Little Women, as portrayed by the March sisters, especially Jo and Amy March, and how the fictional characters' struggles reflect Alcott's own problems as a female writer in a patriarchal society. Chapter Four discusses Alcott's reformist ideas and the reformist issues that surface in Little Women. Domestic feminism--the idea that a reformed family, in which men and women equally participate in domestic matters, would lead to a reformed society--emerges as the predominant reformist issue in Little Women. Alcott believed that women should be able to choose the course of their adult lives, whether that included marriage, a professional career, or otherwise, without the threat of being ostracized from society. In Little Women, the March family serves as an example of a reformed, egalitarian family in which women exercise self-reliance, employ their non-domestic talents, and still maintain femininity. Show less

Architectural spaces and places within films often work to represent larger themes of the films' stories. This paper explores how films from three different genres, horror, science fiction, and romance, utilize architectural places and space on screen to represent gender. Films explored include Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho, Ridley Scott's Alien, and Spike Jonze's Her.

This dissertation investigates the resources that students use to learn new digital technologies to complete course assignments. This work is particularly important in a time when teachers are assigning more multimodal projects. If students are using and learning digital technologies to complete our assignments, we might argue that we should teach our students how to use the specific technologies they would use for the assignment. Yet, teaching students specific technologies is complicated... Show moreThis dissertation investigates the resources that students use to learn new digital technologies to complete course assignments. This work is particularly important in a time when teachers are assigning more multimodal projects. If students are using and learning digital technologies to complete our assignments, we might argue that we should teach our students how to use the specific technologies they would use for the assignment. Yet, teaching students specific technologies is complicated for several reasons, including limited time and resources, numerous and quickly obsolete software, different levels of expertise for students and teachers, and more. Because of these complications, students may benefit from spending less time with instruction in specific technologies and more time considering practices for learning new digital technologies. This dissertation works to discover practices that teachers can use in the classroom to help their students learn how to learn new digital technologies in order to compose multimodal texts. To do this, I investigate how students are already learning technologies outside of the classroom and use this investigation to identify possible pedagogical directions. To gain a broader understanding of the resources students are using, I surveyed five sections of an upper-level composition course in which students completed at least one digital assignment. Then, to gain a more nuanced and richer description of resource use, I interviewed three of these students. To analyze the data, I used a framework adapted from Jeanette R. Hill and Michael J. Hannafin's components for Resource-Based Learning (RBL). RBL is a pedagogical approach that aims to teach students how to learn and to produce students who are self-directed problem-solvers, able to work both collaboratively and individually. Though RBL is a pedagogical approach, I used its values and parameters as a lens for understanding students' use of resources. RBL (as the name suggests) puts emphasis on the resources students use to facilitate their learning. Given the wide variety of resources and the ways in which they can be used in the classroom, few scholars articulate precisely what RBL may look like more generally. Hill and Hannafin (2010), however, list four components among which RBL can vary: resources, tools, contexts, and scaffolds. In this study, resource is an umbrella term for the tools, contexts, and humans students may use to support their learning. Tools are the non-human objects that students use to learn new technologies. Humans are the people from whom students seek help. Contexts are the rhetorical situations (specifically the audiences and purposes for composing) surrounding the technological learning, the students' past technological experiences, and the physical locations in which students work. An important element of this study is to identify not only what resources students use, but also how they use their resources; scaffolds are how the resources are used. The scaffolds in this study are as follows: conceptual scaffolds – resources help students decide the order in which to complete tasks, understand the affordances and constraints of the technology, and learn the genre conventions of a given text; metacognitive scaffolds – resources help students tap into their prior knowledge; procedural scaffolds – resources provide students with step-by-step instructions for completing tasks or with definitions of vocabulary; and strategic scaffolds – resources encourage students to experiment in order to learn and solve problems they encounter while learning the technology. In addition to addressing what and how students use resources to learn to perform tasks with the technology, I also examined how students used resources to learn the specialized vocabulary of the technology and the technology's affordances and constraints. The study resulted in eight findings about the ways in which students are using resources. These findings were then used to identify three areas for possible strategies teachers might consider to help students use resources to learn new technologies: 1. Helping students effectively choose technologies, which includes assisting them in (a) using resources to identify technology options and learn about the affordances and constraints of the options and (b) using the affordances and constraints, their composing situations, and the available resources to choose the technology that best meets their needs. 2. Helping students effectively use templates, which includes aiding them in (a) using templates to learn about the genres in which they are composing, (b) selecting effective templates, and (c) altering the templates based on their rhetorical situations and preferences. 3. Helping students learn the technology's specialized vocabulary, which includes assisting them in (a) identifying familiar visual and linguistic vocabulary, (b) making educated guesses about unfamiliar vocabulary, and (c) using resources to learn unfamiliar vocabulary. Show less

Date Issued

2017

Identifier

FSU_2017SP_Keaton_fsu_0071E_13707

Format

Thesis

Title

The "Mysteries" Behind The Adapted Story.

Creator

Wallace, Alexandria, Department of English

Abstract/Description

This creative thesis project focuses on adapting the short story form to short film. My work examines how a particular short story can be adapted into different film genres for different audiences. The project adapts the short story by Elizabeth Tallent entitled, "No One's A Mystery" into four very different scripts: a "faithful" adaptation, a hand-drawn limited-animation children's narrative, a "loose" adaptation, and a music video treatment. In this text, the reader will find some... Show moreThis creative thesis project focuses on adapting the short story form to short film. My work examines how a particular short story can be adapted into different film genres for different audiences. The project adapts the short story by Elizabeth Tallent entitled, "No One's A Mystery" into four very different scripts: a "faithful" adaptation, a hand-drawn limited-animation children's narrative, a "loose" adaptation, and a music video treatment. In this text, the reader will find some introductory information on adaptation theory and a brief overview of some scholarly debate; followed by the four scripts and analyses for each short film. The major focus of the analyses are on the adaptation process. They will also include each interpretation's relationship to the short story, theory, and how audience and genre affect the process. Two of the four scripts (the children's narrative and music video adaptations) have been filmed and edited together as well to further understand the adaptive mode. Show less

This dissertation investigates the origins and development of a novel communal art form called pasacalle that is associated with the district of Villa El Salvador on the outskirts of Peru's coastal capital city, Lima. The main performers of pasacalle in Villa El Salvador (VES) are youth of rural Andean descent. Most are second generation Limeños whose parents immigrated to the city from the Andean highlands. They belong to a community that has always existed on the lower rungs of Limeño... Show moreThis dissertation investigates the origins and development of a novel communal art form called pasacalle that is associated with the district of Villa El Salvador on the outskirts of Peru's coastal capital city, Lima. The main performers of pasacalle in Villa El Salvador (VES) are youth of rural Andean descent. Most are second generation Limeños whose parents immigrated to the city from the Andean highlands. They belong to a community that has always existed on the lower rungs of Limeño society in terms of socioeconomic status and political agency. The genre of pasacalle, driven by a novel Afro-Brazilian-derived drum music, batucada, has become central to their expressive culture. Pasacalle drumming is not just a form of performance art and entertainment, but also a vehicle for solidifying communal bonds, resisting hegemony and marginalization, asserting rights and power, fighting racism, and mediating the complex sociocultural admixture of localized identity, pride in Andean heritage, aspirations for upward mobility within Limeño society, and expressions of a particular brand of cosmopolitan internationalism that defines contemporary life in Villa El Salvador. It is to the exploration of such issues that this dissertation is addressed. Show less

Date Issued

2014

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-9223

Format

Thesis

Title

"To Benefit the World by Whatever Means Possible": Adolescents' Constructions of Global Citizenship.

Creator

Myers, John

Abstract/Description

This article reports on the ways that 77 students in an international studies programme constructed meanings for global citizenship. The focus was on their personal meanings for the topic and how they articulated a global identity with their national civic beliefs. Data was collected from online discussion boards, written essays and 20 interviews. A key finding was that the students' political language for global citizenship, examined here in terms of purpose, membership and relationship with... Show moreThis article reports on the ways that 77 students in an international studies programme constructed meanings for global citizenship. The focus was on their personal meanings for the topic and how they articulated a global identity with their national civic beliefs. Data was collected from online discussion boards, written essays and 20 interviews. A key finding was that the students' political language for global citizenship, examined here in terms of purpose, membership and relationship with national citizenship, was predominantly a moral commitment framed in universal language. A second finding was that the students understood global citizenship as a heterogeneous and complex affiliation shaped by a range of sources. The implication is that citizenship education emphasizing a narrow notion of patriotism may encourage students to disengage from civic life because it does not represent their lived experiences and identities. Insights for making citizenship education practices more inclusive are discussed., In this study, information about national identity and global citizenship were collected from 77 students enrolled in an international studies program through discussion boards, essays, and interviews. Results regarding global citizenship showed that participants’ language was often framed in moral and universal terms, and that students saw global citizenship as complex and drew from diverse sources to understand what it meant. The article also discussed how citizenship education needs to be broader and more inclusive than the traditional focus on patriotism. Show less

Abstract: (Key Terms: Collective Framework, Rhetorical Theory, Trafalgar Square, Spatial Narratives) This thesis is a rhetorical examination of language as elicited in spatial narratives. In doing so, it examines the various symbols that public spaces employ in order to rhetorically speak to us, move us, and make us act in certain ways. More specifically, it addresses Trafalgar Square as a problem space, deconstructing the various spatial narratives leading into and within the square. In... Show moreAbstract: (Key Terms: Collective Framework, Rhetorical Theory, Trafalgar Square, Spatial Narratives) This thesis is a rhetorical examination of language as elicited in spatial narratives. In doing so, it examines the various symbols that public spaces employ in order to rhetorically speak to us, move us, and make us act in certain ways. More specifically, it addresses Trafalgar Square as a problem space, deconstructing the various spatial narratives leading into and within the square. In deconstructing these narratives, it attempts to find implicit meaning in what is explicitly inscribed into the land, and to examine this meaning alongside the social narrative that its occupants hold. This constructed narrative is explored through three frameworks: that of the physical framework of the square, those spatially enacted frameworks leading into it, and the larger collective framework of the city to which the square contributes. It finds that the frameworks of public space generally work toward establishing and authorizing a unifying ideological connection between the present society and societies of the past. However, these narratives are dependent on individual agents participating in the space's various frameworks; the meaning of a space is obfuscated by a society's current participant's usage of the space. In addition to this obfuscation, it discovers that the past role of a space can obfuscate the present meaning and role of the space in the overall framework, and that the present meaning can in turn obfuscate how individuals relate to and interpret the past. Show less

Date Issued

2014

Identifier

FSU_migr_uhm-0294

Format

Thesis

Title

"What's Love Got to Do with It?": The Master-Slave Relationship in Black Women's Neo-Slave Narratives.

A growing impulse in American black female fiction is the reclamation of black female sexuality due to slavery's proliferation of sexual stereotypes about black women. Because of slave law's silencing of rape culture, issues of consent, will, and agency become problematized in a larger dilemma surrounding black humanity and the repression of black female sexuality. Since the enslaved female was always assumed to be willing, because she is legally unable to give consent or resist, locating... Show moreA growing impulse in American black female fiction is the reclamation of black female sexuality due to slavery's proliferation of sexual stereotypes about black women. Because of slave law's silencing of rape culture, issues of consent, will, and agency become problematized in a larger dilemma surrounding black humanity and the repression of black female sexuality. Since the enslaved female was always assumed to be willing, because she is legally unable to give consent or resist, locating black female desire within the confines of slavery becomes largely impossible. Yet, contemporary re-imaginings of desire in this context becomes an important point of departure for re-membering contemporary black female subjectivity. "What's Love Got to Do With It?" is an alternative look at master-slave relationships, particularly those between white men and black women, featured in contemporary slave narratives by black women writers. Although black feminist critics have long considered love an unavailable, if not, unthinkable construct within the context of interracial relationships during slavery, this project locates this unexpected emotion within four neo-slave narratives. Finding moments of love and desire from, both, slaveholders and slaves, this study nuances monolithic historical players we are usually quick to adjudicate. Drawing on black feminist criticism, history, and critical race theory, this study outlines the importance of exhuming these historic relationships from silence, acknowledging the legacies they left for heterosexual love and race relations, and exploring what lessons we can take away from them today. Recognizing the ongoing tension between remembering and forgetting and the inherent value in both, this study bridges the gap by delineating the importance of perspective and the stories we choose to tell. Rather than being forever haunted by traumatic memories of the past and proliferating stories of violence and abuse, Barbara Chase-Riboud, Octavia Butler, Gayle Jones, and Gloria Naylor's novels reveal that there are ways to negotiate the past, use what you need, and come to a more holistic place where love is available. Show less

Date Issued

2017

Identifier

FSU_2017SP_Price_fsu_0071E_13737

Format

Thesis

Title

Acknowledging the Religious Beliefs Students Bring into the Science Classroom: Using the Bounded Nature of Science.

Creator

Southerland, Sherry A., Scharmann, Lawrence Conrad

Abstract/Description

Scientific knowledge often appears to contradict many students' religious beliefs. Indeed, the assumptions of science appear contradictory to the metaphysical claims of many religions. This conflict is most evident in discussions of biological evolution. Teachers, in attempts to limit the controversy, often avoid this topic or teach it superficially. Recently, there has been a political effort to "teach to the controversy" – which some see as a way of introducing religious explanations for... Show moreScientific knowledge often appears to contradict many students' religious beliefs. Indeed, the assumptions of science appear contradictory to the metaphysical claims of many religions. This conflict is most evident in discussions of biological evolution. Teachers, in attempts to limit the controversy, often avoid this topic or teach it superficially. Recently, there has been a political effort to "teach to the controversy" – which some see as a way of introducing religious explanations for biological diversity into science classrooms. Many science educators reject this approach, insisting that we limit classroom discussions to science alone. This "science only" approach leaves the negotiation of alternative knowledge frameworks to students, who are often ill-prepared for such epistemological comparisons. To support students' understanding of science while maintaining their religious commitments, this article explores the utility of emphasizing the boundaries of scientific knowledge and the need to support students in their comparison of contradictory knowledge frameworks. Show less

Date Issued

2013

Identifier

FSU_migr_ste_faculty_publications-0013, 10.1080/07351690.2013.743778

Format

Citation

Title

Activism amid a Chaotic Era: The Underground Press of the 1960S.

Creator

Nelson, Hope, Jumonville, Neil, Fenstermaker, John, Coxwell-Teague, Deborah, Program in American and Florida Studies, Florida State University

Abstract/Description

This thesis addresses the major activist and radical issues of the 1960s and early 1970s and illustrates the myriad shifts that take place within each of these social movements as depicted in the alternative press of the era. These movements serve as reflections of the shift of the collective American character throughout the 1960s, and while they propel America to adjust to new mindsets, they also reflect the desires – and fears – of a nation thrust into a chaotic postwar period. But despite... Show moreThis thesis addresses the major activist and radical issues of the 1960s and early 1970s and illustrates the myriad shifts that take place within each of these social movements as depicted in the alternative press of the era. These movements serve as reflections of the shift of the collective American character throughout the 1960s, and while they propel America to adjust to new mindsets, they also reflect the desires – and fears – of a nation thrust into a chaotic postwar period. But despite their differences in goals and ideologies, the major movements of the era – the struggles for civil rights, women's rights, and peace in the face of war – bring with them many similarities, more than many historians are wont to depict. So often, such historians focus solely on one of the activist movements of the 1960s, seemingly overlooking other events of the decades that could perhaps be catalysts or results of a particular movement's actions. But the groups that formed and the events that took place within the decade did so with a high degree of interconnectedness, even in ways that are not readily apparent initially. This mentality is illustrated quite clearly within the alternative newspapers of the era. Specifically, the bylines and subjects showing up in a forum for one activist movement often echo those from other publications and other movements. More generally, the motives, tactics, and even slogans made successful by one movement often were employed by activists in other realms, adding much to the collective ideological shifts of the era. Through the alternative press, it is easy to see the tendencies toward chaos even within the movements themselves; rarely does a neat and tidy chronology of progression exist. These newspapers chronicled the transformations taking place with the times – indeed, a shift from semantics to activism, from a more passive ideology to one that was vibrant with action. But such shifts are not easily decipherable and are nestled among shades of gray rather than being decidedly black and white. And it is those gray areas, those areas of confusion, tension, frustration, and joy, that this thesis analyzes. Show less

Date Issued

2004

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-2684

Format

Thesis

Title

Addressing Emotions in Education: A Descriptive Analysis of Caring in Middle School Art Classrooms.

"To what extent and how do selected art teachers and students perceive and define caring behaviors in middle school art classrooms?" was the major research question investigated in this study. The inherent needs of teachers and students to recognize the inextricability of emotions and intellect in education served as the basis for development of the research question and the study itself. Current emphasis on academic and intellectual pursuits in school, particularly those measured by... Show more"To what extent and how do selected art teachers and students perceive and define caring behaviors in middle school art classrooms?" was the major research question investigated in this study. The inherent needs of teachers and students to recognize the inextricability of emotions and intellect in education served as the basis for development of the research question and the study itself. Current emphasis on academic and intellectual pursuits in school, particularly those measured by standardized tests, has led to an erosion of attention paid to the equally critical area of emotional development, which is of utmost importance to students facing the struggles and transitions of adolescence. Given the emotional content of much of the visual arts and the opportunity for exchange among students and between teacher and student in the middle school art classroom, a study detailing how teachers and students perceive and define caring behaviors in such classrooms is of significance for both preservice and inservice teacher education. All sixth grade Leon County, FL art classrooms were included in the study. All art students and teachers reported their perceptions of caring teacher behaviors through a researcher-designed and administered survey. The Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to calculate and describe how respondents rated the teaching behaviors included in the surveys. Based on those data, a phenomenological study including observations and interviews with selected art students and one art teacher was conducted to help describe a caring classroom and caring teacher behaviors. A content analysis of recorded interviews and observations was conducted to gain a more detailed understanding of the art teacher's and his students' perceptions of caring teacher behaviors. Results from both the quantitative and qualitative studies indicated that a well managed classroom with clear discipline was perceived by both students and teachers as the most important behavior expressing a teacher's care. Students unanimously expressed their desire for teachers to maintain a quiet and orderly classroom in which they can think and learn. There were no significant differences in student responses to this or any other teacher behavior due to gender, race, or socioeconomic status. Show less

Date Issued

2005

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-1933

Format

Thesis

Title

Affirmative Action and Diversity: Implications for Arts Management.

Creator

Cuyler, Antonio C. (Antonio Christopher)

Abstract/Description

Affirmative action and diversity can serve as a powerful framework for helping arts management educators address the challenge of diversity in the arts. This article encourages arts management educators to use affirmative action and diversity to proactively recruit diverse students into academic degree programs.

Alexander Pushkin, the father of Modern Russian literature, has influenced every great contemporary Russian writer. His timeless poetry and insightful prose solidify him as a leading voice in Russian culture. During his lifetime, Pushkin dealt with racism and discrimination because his African great-grandfather, Abram Gannibal. In combating negative framing of his identity and his ancestry, Pushkin reveals a defense and reclamation of self seldom seen in contemporaries of his day. In... Show moreAlexander Pushkin, the father of Modern Russian literature, has influenced every great contemporary Russian writer. His timeless poetry and insightful prose solidify him as a leading voice in Russian culture. During his lifetime, Pushkin dealt with racism and discrimination because his African great-grandfather, Abram Gannibal. In combating negative framing of his identity and his ancestry, Pushkin reveals a defense and reclamation of self seldom seen in contemporaries of his day. In asserting ownership over his ancestry, he takes back his narrative and dignity. Through his literary works, Pushkin shows how he navigated his blackness in a world that sought to undermine it. Show less

Date Issued

2018

Identifier

2018_Sp_Pryor_fsu_0071N_14550

Format

Thesis

Title

All I Need Is the Air I Breathe: Music, Media, and the Practice of Collegiate A Cappella.

Collegiate a cappella is a communal singing tradition historically localized to universities in the United States. It is a genre whose practitioners explore vocal harmonies and the imitation of instruments solely through use of the human voice and without instrumental accompaniment. In its contemporary manifestation, collegiate a cappella has become a powerful cultural force and is the primary way thousands of students and their diverse audiences engage with music daily. With the ever... Show moreCollegiate a cappella is a communal singing tradition historically localized to universities in the United States. It is a genre whose practitioners explore vocal harmonies and the imitation of instruments solely through use of the human voice and without instrumental accompaniment. In its contemporary manifestation, collegiate a cappella has become a powerful cultural force and is the primary way thousands of students and their diverse audiences engage with music daily. With the ever-increasing number of dramatized or semi-dramatized depictions of the genre, its presence in American popular media extends far beyond the university sphere. In this thesis I explore the contemporary practice of collegiate a cappella, the simultaneously negotiated and contested spaces of the genre's practice and performance, and its transformation through mass-mediatization. My primary collaborators in this process are the members of All-Night Yahtzee, a co-ed collegiate a cappella from Florida State University. Drawing on a combination of historical investigation, performance observation, media and textual analysis, and ethnography, I investigate style and space in collegiate a cappella practice, situating the genre within Manuel Castells's network society model. I then draw on the work of Michel Foucault to explore popular dramatized portrayals of collegiate a cappella, arguing that despite their popularity, most televised and filmic depictions create problematic representations of the genre by presenting a utopian vision of a fundamentally heterotopian practice. These distorted renderings of collegiate a cappella influence the genre's global network, shaping the experience of both participants and audiences alike. Show less

National recommendations for undergraduate biology education call for orchestrating opportunities for students to "figure out" scientific explanations in the classroom setting by engaging in similar disciplinary practices and discourses as scientists. One approach to realize this vision, ambitious science teaching, describes four essential practices, each of which emphasizes classroom talk as an essential feature of student understanding. However, a critical element of reform is the... Show moreNational recommendations for undergraduate biology education call for orchestrating opportunities for students to "figure out" scientific explanations in the classroom setting by engaging in similar disciplinary practices and discourses as scientists. One approach to realize this vision, ambitious science teaching, describes four essential practices, each of which emphasizes classroom talk as an essential feature of student understanding. However, a critical element of reform is the instructor, who translates and enacts recommended practices in the classroom. This dissertation examines three specific aspects of ambitious science teaching in the context of an undergraduate biology laboratory course: how teaching assistants (TAs) take up the ambitious science teaching practice of eliciting and responding to student ideas, how TAs use positioning acts to support or constrain students' opportunities to engage in rigorous scientific discourse, and how engaging students in ambitious science teaching practices is mutually supportive for both the TAs develop as a professional scientist and the students' development of proficiency in science. The first study described how thirteen undergraduate biology TAs enacted one ambitious practice, eliciting and responding to students' initial and unfolding ideas, in a general biology laboratory course for nonscience majors before and after one semester of targeted professional development. Each participant was videotaped teaching the same lesson at the beginning of his or her first and second semesters as a TA. These videos were transcribed and coded for ambitious and conservative discursive moves. The findings describe four common profiles for how TAs changed in their practice of eliciting and responding to student ideas after one semester, with one profile eliciting more rigorous student discourse, one profile eliciting less rigorous student discourse, and two profiles fall in the middle of the spectrum. Implications for TA professional development are discussed. The next study was based on the premise that classrooms are complex systems, with a variety of factors influencing the teaching and learning that takes place within the system, including how teachers enact instructional practices. Teachers may translate and enact the same instructional practice differently, which could have important consequences for student learning opportunities. This study examined TA views about the role of the TA and the role of the students in classroom conversations and how these views supported or constrained opportunities for students to engage in scientific discourse. Using qualitative case study methodology, I examined how five TAs enacted whole class conversations in four different lab investigations over two different semesters. Using positioning acts as an analytical lens, the data were analyzed to develop themes describing how the role of the TA and the students was signaled in these five classrooms. The findings illustrated how TAs who positioned students as critical contributors to scientific conversations created opportunities for students to engage in scientific discourse while TAs who self-positioned as the authority on biology knowledge limited opportunities for students to engage in scientific discourse. Implications for classroom practice are discussed. The final study is based on the premise that, due to the calls for reforming undergraduate biology education, biology TAs are increasingly responsible for enacting student-centered instruction. However, TAs must balance coursework, research and teaching responsibilities, and teaching responsibilities are seldom considered opportunities to develop biology expertise needed as a professional scientist. However, some evidence suggests that using ambitious science teaching practices that engage students in the practices and discourses of science actually supports the TA in developing scientific expertise. This research investigated this link by examining how TAs organize biological knowledge before and after teaching a general biology lab curriculum that supported ambitious pedagogy. It also examined the relationship between knowledge organization and instructional practices. To capture changes in TA's knowledge organization, they completed a card-sorting task at the start and end of the semester. To capture instructional practices, TAs were videotaped teaching the same lab at the beginning of two consecutive semesters. The conversations in these teaching episodes were transcribed and TA talk was coded for ambitious discourse moves. TA knowledge organization was significantly more sophisticated after one semester of teaching experience. The sophistication of TA's knowledge organization was also positively related to their use of ambitious discourse moves to elicit and respond to student contributions. This relationship suggests a mutually supportive connection between ambitious teaching practice and disciplinary expertise. Implications for TA professional development are discussed. Show less

Date Issued

2017

Identifier

FSU_2017SP_Strimaitis_fsu_0071E_13831

Format

Thesis

Title

The American Revolution Bicentennial in Florida State Authority, Grassroots Organizing, and the Creation of Memory and Patriotic Comemmoration.

The American Revolution Bicentennial in Florida: State Authority, Grassroots Organizing, and the Creation of Memory and Patriotic Commemoration examines the ways in which the national bicentennial was celebrated in Florida. Using a cultural historical approach, this thesis looks at how government officials, politicians, and private citizens constructed patriotic historical narratives during a time of heightened social and political divisiveness. Doing so illuminates the ways in which... Show moreThe American Revolution Bicentennial in Florida: State Authority, Grassroots Organizing, and the Creation of Memory and Patriotic Commemoration examines the ways in which the national bicentennial was celebrated in Florida. Using a cultural historical approach, this thesis looks at how government officials, politicians, and private citizens constructed patriotic historical narratives during a time of heightened social and political divisiveness. Doing so illuminates the ways in which Floridians adapted consensus narratives of history to contemporary political needs. Furthermore, this thesis examines the legacy of the national bicentennial on the practice of patriotic commemoration and remembrance in the United States today. The records of the American Revolution Bicentennial Commission of Florida serve as the chief source of material for this thesis. These records are housed at the State Archives of Florida in Tallahassee, and include institutional records, American Revolution Bicentennial Administration literature, newspaper articles, and tourism brochures. Each of these pieces are vitally important to analyzing the dialectic of commemoration between government officials and the public throughout the 1970s. Show less

Date Issued

2017

Identifier

FSU_2017SP_Belcher_fsu_0071N_13749

Format

Thesis

Title

An Analysis of Recent Legislation on Religious Attire in France.

Creator

Ahmad, Moshtayeen, Program in International Affairs

Abstract/Description

This thesis aims to situate the controversy surrounding Muslim women's attire in France in a historical context of this country, specifically the development of the French concept of laïcité. In 1905, there occurred an important development in the law, pertaining to the separation of church and state. In France, this is called laïcité and was "informed by and predicated upon French secularism and later inculcated in the ideals of French citizenship (liberté, egalité, and fraternité) through ... Show moreThis thesis aims to situate the controversy surrounding Muslim women's attire in France in a historical context of this country, specifically the development of the French concept of laïcité. In 1905, there occurred an important development in the law, pertaining to the separation of church and state. In France, this is called laïcité and was "informed by and predicated upon French secularism and later inculcated in the ideals of French citizenship (liberté, egalité, and fraternité) through 'neutral' civic education" (Gordner 2008, 75). The relationship between the Roman Catholic Church and the state was the main reason for this judicial development that lead to laïcité. Its main purpose was to curb the influence of the Cahtolic Church in state matters. However, in the later part of the 20th century, Islam has taken the place previously associated with the Catholic Church in that its influence was seen as being in contrast with a laïque society and has become "the new focal point for the state secular policy in France" (Gordner 2008, 72). Obviously, there are far fewer Muslims in France than there were or are Catholics, but the concept of laïcité is invoked with regards to limiting certain Islamic practices in public spaces. This shift caused several tensions between French citizens and North African immigrants as France tried to preserve its traditional French culture. As a result, in 2004, a law was passed in France to ban "ostentatious religious symbols" in public schools. Even though the law applies to all religious symbols, most observers would argue that it was really intended towards Muslim girls wearing the Muslim headscarf, hijab. "The wearing of small Christian crosses, for example, is not disallowed and therefore the law can be interpreted to be directed at the wearing of the Muslim headscarf" (Gray 2008, 101). In this Honors Thesis I will explore the question if the French bans on select religious attire in public schools (2004) and the niqab in public spheres (2011) are specifically related to the religion of Islam or if other factors, such as immigration, social exclusion, "otherness" of Muslim minorities etc. play 5 a role. I also will explore the history of laïcité in France and its current application. I further my research by looking into other Francophone countries dealing with similar issues. Much research is available on the 2004 law banning ostentatious religious symbols in public schools. Since the 2011 controversy surrounding the full-face veil is relatively new, there is little scholarly research published at this time. My literature research is also limited due to the fact that I have no background in the French language. However, this topic is of interest because France has the largest Muslim minority in a Western country and therefore the way France deals with this population is of interest to other countries as well. Show less

Date Issued

2012

Identifier

FSU_migr_uhm-0103

Format

Thesis

Title

An analysis of typewriting errors made by students in a second-year typewriting class at Leon High School, Tallahassee, Florida.

Creator

Barrineau, Patricia M., Florida State University

Abstract/Description

The purpose of this paper is to make an analysis of typing errors in a second-year class in typewriting to determine types of errors and causes for errors common to each student and to the class.

Date Issued

1954

Identifier

FSU_historic_akz9860

Format

Thesis

Title

Analyzing Film Music Across the Complete Filmic Structure: Three Coen and Burwell Collaborations.

While film-music studies have explored the interactions between film and music at the local level of the scene, large-scale film-music analysis is a rare and under-researched phenomenon. I propose a methodology that allows for a film's music to be discussed at the level of the entire film. Drawing on works by literary scholars Gustav Freytag and Seymour Chatman, I present a methodology for graphic representation of the Narrative/Dramatic Structure of complete films that combines with the work... Show moreWhile film-music studies have explored the interactions between film and music at the local level of the scene, large-scale film-music analysis is a rare and under-researched phenomenon. I propose a methodology that allows for a film's music to be discussed at the level of the entire film. Drawing on works by literary scholars Gustav Freytag and Seymour Chatman, I present a methodology for graphic representation of the Narrative/Dramatic Structure of complete films that combines with the work's complete score. As a test case, I scrutinize three filmic collaborations by Joel & Ethan Coen and Carter Burwell (Barton Fink, Miller's Crossing, and Fargo). Through the use of various analytical techniques, I demonstrate how music functions at the global and local levels and reveal that Burwell and the Coens use their scores to project important narrative information about their films that changes the way they are perceived by audiences. I conclude by showing how my methodology allows for the comparison of large-scale musical usage to finally take place in the context of a film's complete score. Show less

Date Issued

2015

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-9357

Format

Thesis

Title

An Annotated Survey of the Indianist Movement Represented by Arthur Farwell and Charles Wakefield Cadman: A Performance Guide to 20th Century American Art Songs Based on American Indian Melodies.

At the turn of the 20th century, many American composers became engaged in what is now known as the Indianist Movement. The movement began following published musical transcriptions and cylinder recordings of Native Americans by American ethnologists. Numerous American composers were inspired by the melodic material and composed works such as symphonies, operas, choruses, string quartets, piano solos, and art songs from the Native American melodies. This treatise will provide a background on... Show moreAt the turn of the 20th century, many American composers became engaged in what is now known as the Indianist Movement. The movement began following published musical transcriptions and cylinder recordings of Native Americans by American ethnologists. Numerous American composers were inspired by the melodic material and composed works such as symphonies, operas, choruses, string quartets, piano solos, and art songs from the Native American melodies. This treatise will provide a background on the Indianist Movement in terms of the chronology of development, the personnel involved, and the means of and reactions to Native American melody harmonization. An in depth study of the text and music from Arthur Farwell's Three Indian Songs, Op. 32, and Charles Wakefield Cadman's Four American Indian Songs, Op. 45, will highlight the compositional style and harmonic approach by two of the highest regarded Indianist Movement composers. Show less

Date Issued

2014

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-9160

Format

Thesis

Title

Architecture Pedagogy: Psychological, Social, and Other Emergent Issues in the Design Studio.

This study was aimed at understanding the perceptions of students and faculty at two National Architecture Accreditation Board accredited architecture programs regarding the social and psychological considerations in architectural design. A comprehensive review of literature in the field revealed a strong need for integrating these concerns in the architecture curriculum to enhance students' sensitivity toward human issues thereby resulting in design of environments more conducive to the... Show moreThis study was aimed at understanding the perceptions of students and faculty at two National Architecture Accreditation Board accredited architecture programs regarding the social and psychological considerations in architectural design. A comprehensive review of literature in the field revealed a strong need for integrating these concerns in the architecture curriculum to enhance students' sensitivity toward human issues thereby resulting in design of environments more conducive to the society and people. In that context I attempted to identify the position of two accredited architecture schools on psychological and social concerns in architecture as well as students' and faculty's interpretations of the schools' foci. The study was qualitative in nature and included techniques of observations, individual interviews and focus group interviews. I observed students' presentations of their design projects, and faculty and visiting architects' critiques of these projects. I also interviewed the professor teaching the fourth year design studio at each school. Students from the fourth year design studio also participated in a focus group interview at each school. The data from observations and interviews was coded to identify themes related to the concerns expressed by students and faculty. Fourteen themes emerged and some themes were divided into categories during subsequent stages of data coding. An analysis of the responses toward each theme with reference to the emphasis on psychological and social aspects led to inferences for the four supporting questions and the research question for the study. Both schools selected for the study indicated that their curriculum is structured around creative and technical aspects of architecture while peripheralizing psychological and social concerns. However, faculty and students showed sensitivity toward these issues and various facets associated with them in the discussions of their projects. Additional questions were raised and attempts were made to postulate probable reasons for the attitudes that emerged. Show less

Date Issued

2006

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-1607

Format

Thesis

Title

Art as a Mirror and Window on Cultural Diversity in South Korea: A Critical Analysis of Artworks by Three Contemporary Artists with Implications for Art Education.

Today's societies are becoming ever more culturally diverse. A traditionally mono-cultural society, South Korea is in the midst of remarkably rapid changes that have made cultural diversity a widely discussed topic in education and many other fields. Though art educators in South Korea have adopted some of the longstanding multicultural approaches developed by other countries, cultural diversity issues in South Korean society must be examined in the context of the country's unique history and... Show moreToday's societies are becoming ever more culturally diverse. A traditionally mono-cultural society, South Korea is in the midst of remarkably rapid changes that have made cultural diversity a widely discussed topic in education and many other fields. Though art educators in South Korea have adopted some of the longstanding multicultural approaches developed by other countries, cultural diversity issues in South Korean society must be examined in the context of the country's unique history and cultural values. Based on the assumption that art reflects life, this study used a pragmatically grounded contextual art criticism model to examine art dealing with cultural diversity by three South Korean contemporary artists whose work may function as a barometer of our social and cultural climate. For the data collection, the researcher takes a role as the critic and three artworks from each of the selected three artists were chosen as research objects. The works of the three participating artists were carefully and critically analyzed in their authentic context including document examination and personal interview. The critical analysis revealed several themes related to increased cultural diversity in South Korean society today: the influence of media on cultural understanding, a self-centered view of culture, less access to authentic traditional culture, missing the uniqueness and originality of local culture, generalization and prejudice vs. individuality, and multicultural groups in South Korean society. Though the role and the direction of the gaze may differ for each of the artists studied, all share the conviction that art can change society. Because art education is a means to this end, implications for art education are included for those who wish to meaningfully incorporate cultural diversity issues in South Korea classrooms. The findings of the study and their analysis point to the ways art can function as a mirror and window on today's culturally diverse societies in South Korea and many other places in the world. Show less

Date Issued

2014

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-9016

Format

Thesis

Title

Art Education as a Means of Promoting Democracy: Preparing Pre-Service Art Teachers for Social Justice Education.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the use of art as a pedagogical tool with pre-service art teachers in a graduate-level art education class. A curriculum was developed focusing on educational social justice theories and their application in regard to gender inequity and diversity issues. The goal was to lead students to engage in more self-directed learning and to become more pro-active in their society. The results indicate the value of using art making to help... Show moreThe purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the use of art as a pedagogical tool with pre-service art teachers in a graduate-level art education class. A curriculum was developed focusing on educational social justice theories and their application in regard to gender inequity and diversity issues. The goal was to lead students to engage in more self-directed learning and to become more pro-active in their society. The results indicate the value of using art making to help students explore, investigate, and examine self and self in relation to society. In addition, they shed light on transformational moments in the art making process when students’ awareness of self and social justice issues was heightened and democratic ideas were reinforced. The results have implications for classroom practice as well as enhancing the quality of art education by incorporating social justice concerns in art education for individual and community developments. Show less

This study was phenomenological, qualitative research to examine the cross-cultural experiences of Asian art education faculty in U.S. higher education as well as the meanings they attach to those experiences. The review of literature on cross-cultural art education revealed that historically art education emphasized the idea of border-crossing by comparing art in cross-cultural contexts rather than examining people who are actually having cross-cultural experience through art and education.... Show moreThis study was phenomenological, qualitative research to examine the cross-cultural experiences of Asian art education faculty in U.S. higher education as well as the meanings they attach to those experiences. The review of literature on cross-cultural art education revealed that historically art education emphasized the idea of border-crossing by comparing art in cross-cultural contexts rather than examining people who are actually having cross-cultural experience through art and education. Asian art education faculty members who work in borderland through art and education are appropriate population to examine cross-cultural experience in art education. However, there is little or no research on Asian art education faculty members in the art education literature. It indicated a clear need for demographic data and in-depth investigation of their border-crossing experience in U.S. higher education institutions. The online survey was administrated to Asian art education faculty members who were identified by criterion and snowball sampling strategy to understand their demographic profiles and perceptions on cross-cultural experience. From the online survey, three participants were selected for further in-depth, phenomenological interview to better understand their perceptions on cross-cultural experiences. Participants in survey and interview indicated the greater opportunity to obtain a faculty position in the U.S. than in their home country as the primary motivation for applying for an academic position in U.S higher education. In addition, they perceived their successful higher education experience in U.S. as the qualification that the most helped them achieve a current faculty position. In-depth analysis of survey participants' perceptions of each challenge and interview revealed that teaching students and language barriers were cross-cultural challenges they faced. Further the analysis of the data from interviews with Dr. A and Dr. C revealed that their national culture strongly influenced the cross-cultural challenges they faced in their early career, while Dr. B didn't indicate the presence of this strong influence of natural culture in his professional career. In interview, Dr. A and Dr. C's national cultural values such as long-term orientation, large power distance, and collectivism caused their cross-cultural challenges in teaching students. In terms of language, Dr. A and Dr. B both accepted language barriers, but strongly believed that students should overcome those language barriers. Dr. A acknowledged, however, that his different communication style, that is, the indirectness and politeness typical of Korean culture, caused misunderstandings with others and, eventually, influenced the quality of his relationships with students and colleagues. However, overall participants in this study had positive perceptions of their relationship with colleagues, chairs, and mentors and demonstrated strong sense of belonging at their institutions. A cross-tabulation between tenure status and participants' cross-cultural challenges revealed that tenure track assistant professors were more likely to see their Asian ethnicity as presenting challenges in terms of language, relationship with colleagues, and isolation and rely on others of their same ethnicity in coping with issues on campus than tenured associate professor and a full professor. Finally, participants in this study indicated that their cross-cultural experiences created a new cultural identity as hybridized individuals and international community members. They also perceived that the development of these new identities transformed their experiences into opportunities and advantages in their careers. Further, they believed that Asian art education faculty members bring multiple perspectives to art and education, eventually; they turn art education into more globalized community. The findings of this study provided recommendations for prospective and early-career art education faculty members, non-Asian art education faculty members, art education students, art education Ph.D. offering universities. Further, it has implications for research on art education faculty and foreign-born art education faculty in U.S. higher education, art teacher education, and K-12 art education theory and practice. This research also contributes to mutual understanding, appreciation, and tolerance and potentially empower such individuals as underrepresented groups within the dominant culture in which they work and live. Show less

This study was an exploration into how seniors who participate in art workshops at the senior center experienced and made sense of their art museum visitations. In light of the rapidly increasing aging population in most countries around the world and the corollary notion that their well-being would be a global benchmark for civilized living (Kinsella & Phillips, 2005), the arts and creativity have been gaining momentum as a model for healthy and purposeful aging (Cohen, 2000, 2001; Hanna,... Show moreThis study was an exploration into how seniors who participate in art workshops at the senior center experienced and made sense of their art museum visitations. In light of the rapidly increasing aging population in most countries around the world and the corollary notion that their well-being would be a global benchmark for civilized living (Kinsella & Phillips, 2005), the arts and creativity have been gaining momentum as a model for healthy and purposeful aging (Cohen, 2000, 2001; Hanna, 2013; Hanna & Perlstein, 2008). Despite the efforts to make art museums accessible to senior citizens, little empirical evidence and literature can be found that address the museum experiences of older adults, especially those who are considered to be receptive to visiting art museums, based on characteristics of the art exhibition. This study fills that critical gap through the use of phenomenological research methods that incorporate observations, in-depth interviews, a focus group, and document analysis techniques. The research site was selected by conducting evaluations using Serrell's (2006) Framework for Assessing Excellence in Exhibitions from a Visitor-Centered Perspective to identify characteristics of six art exhibitions. The exhibition chosen was rated excellent regarding its levels of achievement for all criteria: comfortable, engaging, reinforcing, and meaningful. The museum fieldtrip was set up to take participants to see the selected art exhibition. The fieldwork contributed a comprehensive perspective of not only experience but also motivation and reflection dimensions of the museum visitation that seniors constructed through the dynamic interaction of personal, sociocultural, and physical contexts. The data from the observation field notes, transcriptions of in-depth interviews and the focus group, and document review were analyzed by using phenomenology data analysis methods and emerging themes were presented in the form of composite descriptions. The results of the data analysis showed that participants were infused by a spirit of inquiry and had a need for being social. Older age-related needs and life-learned wisdom played a key part in shaping seniors' museum experiences emotionally and intellectually. The essence and shared meaning of this group of seniors' art museum visitation experiences culminated in seven key findings: seniors perceived themselves as curiosity-driven museum visitors with older age-related needs and values; sociocultural circumstances played a key part in seniors' art museum visit motivations; seniors constructed their museum experiences on their interests in art with a touch of life-learned wisdom; not only physical but also communication and attitude accessibilities are crucial to older museum visitors; seniors preferred personal interactions in order to maintain social connections; sociable experiences made seniors' meaningful museum experiences memorable; and the art museum visitation cultivated seniors' senses of purpose in terms of staying creative. To make contributions to the current paradigm for creative aging, the findings put forward knowledge that conveys practical ways for art museums and senior centers to work together on making arts and creativity services. These services can dynamically play an important role in building an effective ecosystem of leisure activities for promoting active lifestyles and social well-being among senior citizens. The findings of this study were used to develop seven recommendations that revolve around how art museums and senior centers can foster older visitors' meaningful and memorable museum experiences and collaborate on constructing and sustaining a full cycle of arts experiences and creativity engagement, from passive observation to active participation, not only in but also across communities. Show less

Date Issued

2015

Identifier

FSU_2016SP_Thongnopnua_fsu_0071E_12956

Format

Thesis

Title

The Art of Adaptation through the Analysis of Stanley Kubrick Films.

Creator

Sonenreich, Brooke, Department of English

Abstract/Description

This thesis examines Stanley Kubrick's novel-to-film adaptations and uses the auteur's strategies in the creative portion of the thesis: a full length, adapted screenplay. The study analyzes original texts, screenplays, films, and associating film theory of five Kubrick adaptations (Lolita, 2001: A Space Odyssey, A Clockwork Orange, The Shining, and Eyes Wide Shut). Since this is a creative project, it is split up into an explanative research preface and a full length, adapted screenplay. The... Show moreThis thesis examines Stanley Kubrick's novel-to-film adaptations and uses the auteur's strategies in the creative portion of the thesis: a full length, adapted screenplay. The study analyzes original texts, screenplays, films, and associating film theory of five Kubrick adaptations (Lolita, 2001: A Space Odyssey, A Clockwork Orange, The Shining, and Eyes Wide Shut). Since this is a creative project, it is split up into an explanative research preface and a full length, adapted screenplay. The screenplay is an adaptation of Daphne du Maurier's short story "The Split Second." The preface component provides details on what Kubrick strategies were and were not used during the adapting process. Show less

Date Issued

2013

Identifier

FSU_migr_uhm-0278

Format

Thesis

Title

The Art of Adaptation Through the Analysis of Stanley Kubrick Films.

Creator

Sonenreich, Brooke Nicole, Department of English

Abstract/Description

This thesis examines Stanley Kubrick's novel-to-film adaptations and uses the auteur's strategies in the creative portion of the thesis: a full length, adapted screenplay. The study analyzes original texts, screenplays, films, and associating film theory of five Kubrick adaptations (Lolita, 2001: A Space Odyssey, A Clockwork Orange, The Shining, and Eyes Wide Shut). Since this is a creative project, it is split up into an explanative research preface and a full length, adapted screenplay. The... Show moreThis thesis examines Stanley Kubrick's novel-to-film adaptations and uses the auteur's strategies in the creative portion of the thesis: a full length, adapted screenplay. The study analyzes original texts, screenplays, films, and associating film theory of five Kubrick adaptations (Lolita, 2001: A Space Odyssey, A Clockwork Orange, The Shining, and Eyes Wide Shut). Since this is a creative project, it is split up into an explanative research preface and a full length, adapted screenplay. The screenplay is an adaptation of Daphne du Maurier's short story "The Split Second." The preface component provides details on what Kubrick strategies were and were not used during the adapting process. Show less

Date Issued

2013

Identifier

FSU_migr_uhm-0467

Format

Thesis

Title

The Art of Freak-Folk.

Creator

Peterson, Andrew, Showalter, Spencer, Andrews, Samuel

Abstract/Description

Love Even for a Moment Is Forever. Life Its Fleeting Flesh Is the Endless Grave. Now The Mountains Crumble The Forests Fade. Love is Infinite and So are You. - The Freakniks

Date Issued

2013

Identifier

FSU_migr_uhm-0285

Format

Thesis

Title

An art teacher working with a classroom teacher and children in a puppetry experience.

Creator

Taylor, Marnita, Schwartz, Julia, Florida State University

Abstract/Description

This paper centers around an experience a class of twenty-one fifth grade children and their teacher had with puppetry. The art teacher worked cooperatively with the classroom teacher and children throughout the experiment. The purpose of this paper is to describe ways in which she worked with the classroom teacher and her pupils and helped to meet pupils' need to make wise choices and decisions. The paper will include a description and analysis of three decisions: first, the decision by the... Show moreThis paper centers around an experience a class of twenty-one fifth grade children and their teacher had with puppetry. The art teacher worked cooperatively with the classroom teacher and children throughout the experiment. The purpose of this paper is to describe ways in which she worked with the classroom teacher and her pupils and helped to meet pupils' need to make wise choices and decisions. The paper will include a description and analysis of three decisions: first, the decision by the group to make puppets; second, decisions made by a boy in making his hand puppet; and third, decisions made by a girl in making her string puppet. On the basis of these findings, recommendations for ways in which an art teacher can work with classroom teachers and children will be made. Show less

This study explored the adoption of computer, Health Information Technology (HIT), and Digital Imagery Technology (DIT) by art therapists for personal, professional, and client-focused tasks. This study used Everett M. Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation model to explore the diffusion of technology as a tool for professional practices and as a new media for art therapy treatment. Much of this research's design was adopted from diffusion research completed in the fields of art education and mental... Show moreThis study explored the adoption of computer, Health Information Technology (HIT), and Digital Imagery Technology (DIT) by art therapists for personal, professional, and client-focused tasks. This study used Everett M. Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation model to explore the diffusion of technology as a tool for professional practices and as a new media for art therapy treatment. Much of this research's design was adopted from diffusion research completed in the fields of art education and mental health treatment. Data was gathered using a survey questionnaire and interviews. The researcher concluded that the adoption of new media for art therapy treatment is a two stage process, which has been termed the Media Adoption Stage Model (MASM). The MASM consists of Rogers's diffusion model, Stage I adoption, and a secondary circular adoption process, Stage II adoption. The findings have implications for: 1) personal technology use, 2) professional tasks (i.e. record keeping, administrative, and appointments), 3) supervision, 4) teaching, 5) art-therapy treatment, and 6) student use of technology for art therapy education.This study explored the adoption of computer, Health Information Technology (HIT), and Digital Imagery Technology (DIT) by art therapists for personal, professional, and client-focused tasks. This study used Everett M. Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation model to explore the diffusion of technology as a tool for professional practices and as a new media for art therapy treatment. Much of this research's design was adopted from diffusion research completed in the fields of art education and mental health treatment. Data was gathered using a survey questionnaire and interviews. The researcher concluded that the adoption of new media for art therapy treatment is a two stage process, which has been termed the Media Adoption Stage Model (MASM). The MASM consists of Rogers's diffusion model, Stage I adoption, and a secondary circular adoption process, Stage II adoption. The findings have implications for: 1) personal technology use, 2) professional tasks (i.e. record keeping, administrative, and appointments), 3) supervision, 4) teaching, 5) art-therapy treatment, and 6) student use of technology for art therapy education. Show less

Date Issued

2006

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-1987

Format

Thesis

Title

Art Therapy Interventions for Understanding Students' Perceptions of School Bullying.

Bullying has become a major problem in U.S. schools. In response to this issue, this research study used art therapy interventions to examine bullying behaviors among four students. Personal construct theory and previous research in art therapy helped inform this study by providing a structure for better understanding students' perceptions about bullying through the process of drawing based on personal understanding and experience. Participants in this study were four students of various ages... Show moreBullying has become a major problem in U.S. schools. In response to this issue, this research study used art therapy interventions to examine bullying behaviors among four students. Personal construct theory and previous research in art therapy helped inform this study by providing a structure for better understanding students' perceptions about bullying through the process of drawing based on personal understanding and experience. Participants in this study were four students of various ages, sexes, and schools from a small city in the southeastern United States. Each student participated in pretest/posttest personal construct drawing assessments and in three art therapy interventions. Students completed a self-rating with each drawing to depict their relatedness to the person they drew. A comparison was made between their pretest and posttest drawings and self-ratings to determine any changes following the art therapy intervention. Show less

Date Issued

2011

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-4783

Format

Thesis

Title

Art Therapy to Improve the Relationship Between Caregivers and Spouses with Alzheimer's Disease.

Research investigated the effectiveness of an art therapy intervention based on the conversational model in improving the quality of the relationship in a caregiving dyad. Caregiving dyads were composed of spousal caregivers and spouses with mild to moderate Alzheimer's Disease. The research included two consecutive single-subject case studies. Reports of positive interactions by caregivers throughout the study were used to determine the effectiveness of the art therapy intervention.... Show moreResearch investigated the effectiveness of an art therapy intervention based on the conversational model in improving the quality of the relationship in a caregiving dyad. Caregiving dyads were composed of spousal caregivers and spouses with mild to moderate Alzheimer's Disease. The research included two consecutive single-subject case studies. Reports of positive interactions by caregivers throughout the study were used to determine the effectiveness of the art therapy intervention. Additionally, a pretest and posttest were used to further record changes in the quality of the couple's relationship. Art therapy interventions were conducted in home-based settings and encouraged visual conversation in couples. Art directives involved in intervention included a scribble chase, salt dough, and art card directive. It was found that both couples valued art therapy interventions for providing recreation and socialization. It was also found that couple dynamics influenced how positively each directive was viewed. The couple from the study valuing more equality in their relationship viewed interventions more positively that increased equality in interaction. Overall, art therapy based on the conversational model was found to be an effective intervention tool in two case studies involving spousal caregivers and individuals with Alzheimer's Disease in increasing positive interactions. Show less

Research in pediatric medical art therapy is comprised largely of case studies. The motivation for this study was to contribute quantitative data to the literature on art therapy with children who experienced hospitalization and medical treatment. The study question focused on the efficacy of art therapy in reducing the anxiety of hospitalized pediatric patients. To address this issue, a subgroup of pediatric patients was selected; a single subject research design was initiated with a... Show moreResearch in pediatric medical art therapy is comprised largely of case studies. The motivation for this study was to contribute quantitative data to the literature on art therapy with children who experienced hospitalization and medical treatment. The study question focused on the efficacy of art therapy in reducing the anxiety of hospitalized pediatric patients. To address this issue, a subgroup of pediatric patients was selected; a single subject research design was initiated with a homogenous group of 6 to 9 year-old female patients hospitalized for treatment of sickle cell disease. In addition to extensive qualitative narrative, three instruments were utilized: (a) an Anxiety Behavior Schedule, (b) the Children's Health Locus of Control Scale, and (c) the Children's Hope Scale. The intervention phase of the study included art therapy interventions designed to familiarize subjects' with the hospital environment, provide opportunities for control and expression, and respond to subjects' established cognitive structures regarding their medical condition and treatment. The results of the study support the efficacy of art therapy in two very important ways: First, all of the subjects demonstrated reduced externality of locus of control following art therapy intervention. Second, the observable anxiety data on subject 2 definitively confirmed reduction in anxiety due to art therapy intervention, with statistical significance established at the .05 level. Finally, one subject's subsequent hospitalization provided the opportunity to collect follow-up data; this data confirmed that the reduction in anxiety behaviors resulting from the art therapy protocol was sustained over time. Extensive qualitative narratives of the subjects' experiences were provided. Implications for future practice and further research are discussed. Show less

Date Issued

2003

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-0849

Format

Thesis

Title

Artists Involved in Community Cultural Planning in Chattanooga, Tennessee: Perception and Participation.

Community cultural planning involves a public-private process intended to promote arts and culture for economic and social development purposes. Today, the increased importance of creative industries and tourism has led many U.S. cities and regions to employ an analytical and cooperative process in creating distinctive cultural development plans. Artists can play a vital role in such cultural planning, from collaboration with non-artist groups, such as policymakers, arts administrators, and... Show moreCommunity cultural planning involves a public-private process intended to promote arts and culture for economic and social development purposes. Today, the increased importance of creative industries and tourism has led many U.S. cities and regions to employ an analytical and cooperative process in creating distinctive cultural development plans. Artists can play a vital role in such cultural planning, from collaboration with non-artist groups, such as policymakers, arts administrators, and the general public, to implementation. In fact, many scholars have strongly encouraged artists' participation and maturation in the cultural policy community in order to create an effective cultural policy system. However, some important issues related to the participation of artists in the cultural policy arena have been marginalized, ignored, and infrequently studied. Based on interviews, survey and document analysis, this study explored artists' perceptions and experiences in order to evaluate the role they filled in a particular cultural planning process in Chattanooga, Tennessee in the United States. The analysis of the data revealed insights related to the relationship between the artists' perceptions and satisfactions with the plan, changes in the artists' ideas and knowledge base as a result of their participation in planning process, and the artists' ideas about how they benefitted from participating in the process. The purpose of this paper is to give voice to the perspectives of artists involved in cultural planning, particularly in regard to their role and participation in the planning process, and to provide knowledge that may inform the work of stakeholders involved in future cultural planning and cultural policymakers. Show less

Date Issued

2013

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-7579

Format

Thesis

Title

Assessing the Assessment: A Pragmatic Analysis of the Public Trust and Accountability Characteristics of Accreditable Museums.

This study was an exploration of the public trust and accountability characteristics of an accreditable museum as defined by the American Association of Museums (AAM). Museums that are accredited demonstrate their commitment to community engagement, diversity, and accountability. The 161 museums that were re-accredited in 2008-2009 were the intended sample for the study. The obtained sample consisted of 53 museums that responded to some or all of the questions in the survey used to gather... Show moreThis study was an exploration of the public trust and accountability characteristics of an accreditable museum as defined by the American Association of Museums (AAM). Museums that are accredited demonstrate their commitment to community engagement, diversity, and accountability. The 161 museums that were re-accredited in 2008-2009 were the intended sample for the study. The obtained sample consisted of 53 museums that responded to some or all of the questions in the survey used to gather relevant data. The Web-based survey included both closed- and open-ended questions that provided both qualitative and quantitative data. The survey queried museums for information as to: what museums do to engage with their audience and community; what steps do museums take to ensure diverse staffs, boards, and exhibitions, and to involve all of the stakeholders in planning for museum exhibitions, activities, and programs; how museums communicate with the public regarding the way they operate legally and ethically; what areas of public trust and accountability museums see as in need of further development within their own institutions; and what changes are being implemented to work on those areas of public trust and accountability identified as needing further development. The museums in the study offer a wide range of services to the public and are beginning to perform multiple functions within their communities. Regarding diversity, museums either have diverse staffs and boards or are aware that they are not as diverse as they could be and are actively seeking to further diversity. Diversity of exhibitions is aided by the input of community groups, although a large number of museums still only involve their own departments in planning. Where accountability is concerned, museums are found to have many operational documents available for the public by request, but most information that is communicated more directly to the public is about exhibitions and programs. Museums surveyed are continuing current activities or increasing their programming with communities and special populations. More diverse staffs and boards are being sought as these museums diversify the way they do business and the offerings they present. Web-based information is becoming the more prevalent form of communication and museums are increasing their presence online by using social networking and new media technologies. Through all of these efforts, museums are trying to remain relevant in an ever-changing society. Show less

Date Issued

2010

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-0697

Format

Thesis

Title

Assessing the Potential Impacts of Free Trade on Land Use: A Geospatial Analysis of Florida Citriculture.

Imagine a Florida without fresh Florida oranges or fresh Florida orange juice. Now imagine that same Florida with even more massive cities spreading up the southeast coast into central Florida, across to the west coast up into the Big Bend, and along the Panhandle hugging the Gulf. And worse, imagine thousands of Florida's agricultural farmers and workers unemployed, the leftovers of an industry that cannot compete with a global oligopoly. A reduction in an import tariff of Brazilian citrus... Show moreImagine a Florida without fresh Florida oranges or fresh Florida orange juice. Now imagine that same Florida with even more massive cities spreading up the southeast coast into central Florida, across to the west coast up into the Big Bend, and along the Panhandle hugging the Gulf. And worse, imagine thousands of Florida's agricultural farmers and workers unemployed, the leftovers of an industry that cannot compete with a global oligopoly. A reduction in an import tariff of Brazilian citrus could produce this horrendous scenario. Land use planning would be crucial under a very dramatic shift in the production of citrus within the state. This paper seeks to inform the research community of a highly possible threat to Florida's citrus industry, and eventually to land planning. This paper will discuss the current goal of the Free Trade Area of the America's trade union between the countries of the Western Hemisphere. The paper describes how that agreement could adversely impact land values. By inferring the effect that trade liberalization would have on land values, a scenario of land use change is depicted. By representing the citrus industry spatially as it is today, utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) combined with observed data, a description of how citrus might look in the future is discussed. This analysis is completed for the thirty-two citrus producing counties. The analysis uses data from 1992 and 2002 to construct a temporal analysis of the citrus industry. Land use planning in the State of Florida is a powerful tool for growth management Land planning for a local government is often solely based on characteristics of a community and its neighboring communities. There is generally little discourse on international economics/politics when local land planning occurs. This paper pushes land-use planners to dig deeper when assembling information about the characteristics of a community and to explore, holistically, possible factors that could produce sweeping changes to the entire state. Show less

Date Issued

2005

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-2692

Format

Thesis

Title

Assessing the Value of Creative Arts Workshops and Hand Papermaking for Student Veterans in Transition.

The majority of veterans entering college today have served during the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Coming from an all-volunteer military, this population has expressed feelings of social isolation and challenges adjusting to the changes in structure outside of the military. For combat veterans, there can be physical and psychological wounds which present additional challenges. Therefore, institutions of higher education are developing programs and services to support veteran’s transition... Show moreThe majority of veterans entering college today have served during the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Coming from an all-volunteer military, this population has expressed feelings of social isolation and challenges adjusting to the changes in structure outside of the military. For combat veterans, there can be physical and psychological wounds which present additional challenges. Therefore, institutions of higher education are developing programs and services to support veteran’s transition and facilitate their social integration into college. This research studied the individual and social processes of a creative arts workshop for six student veterans at Florida State University. Using qualitative methods from a phenomenological philosophical perspective, this study examines how the workshop facilitated the transition for student veterans and how they interpreted their life experiences through the creative arts. Being a group workshop, symbolic interactionism was used as a conceptual framework in assessing their individual experiences. Military uniforms were reprocessed into pulp and participants learned to make handmade paper from their cloth of personal significance. They also used stencils made from personal images, transferring the image to their paper. Following the workshop, their artwork was publicly exhibited in the university library with a personal statement written by each participant. The participants responded positively to the experience, noting the meaningful connections they made with other student veterans and the personal significance of the work they created. Learning a new craft, expressing themselves creatively, and displaying their work professionally strengthened their self-efficacy and sense of belonging and connection to the university. Show less

Date Issued

2016

Identifier

FSU_2016SU_McMackin_fsu_0071E_13383

Format

Thesis

Title

The Association Between Marital Status and Health: Variation Across Age Groups and Dimensions of Psychological Well-Being.

Marital status significantly shapes individuals' psychological well-being, though more is known about its effect on negative than positive dimensions. This study examines the association between marital status and psychological well-being across negative and positive dimensions, using data from two waves of the Midlife in the United States Survey (MIDUS 1995-1996 and 2004-2006). Compared with prior studies, my research examines a more comprehensive set of indicators of psychological well... Show moreMarital status significantly shapes individuals' psychological well-being, though more is known about its effect on negative than positive dimensions. This study examines the association between marital status and psychological well-being across negative and positive dimensions, using data from two waves of the Midlife in the United States Survey (MIDUS 1995-1996 and 2004-2006). Compared with prior studies, my research examines a more comprehensive set of indicators of psychological well-being: depression, autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, self-acceptance, and purpose in life. I further examine how the associations between marital status and these dimensions of psychological well-being vary by age. I use three analytic samples to examine the cross-sectional associations and effects over time: Wave 1 sample (n=2,801), Wave 2 sample (n=1,737), and panel data containing respondents in both waves (n=1,657). Although the results vary across the two waves and between cross-sectional and panel analyses, results of Ordinary Least Regression (OLS) models indicate that, compared with those in other marital statuses, married adults tend to have better psychological well-being, including less depression and greater self-acceptance and positive relations with others. Differences among the married also are found, with remarried adults reporting more autonomy than continuously married adults. Using the multiple-group structural equation modeling (SEM), the results showed that the association between marital status and psychological well-being only holds for middle-aged adults (45≤age≤60). These findings of variation in the association between marital status and psychological well-being across not only dimensions of well-being but also age groups highlights the importance of further research examining sources of variation and explanations for them. Show less

Date Issued

2014

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-9007

Format

Thesis

Title

An attempt to establish a basis upon which social studies teachers can build programs of skill development in reading social studies materials.

Creator

Hernandez, David, Florida State University

Abstract/Description

Assuming that the social studies teacher should shoulder responsibility for developing reading skills, what steps are necessary in planning a program aimed at the development of reading skills in the social studies classroom? This paper will treat only one step: evaluation of the present position of the student and/or class in terms of skill development and ability levels. The author shall attempt to ascertain whether or not it is possible for the classroom teacher to determine present... Show moreAssuming that the social studies teacher should shoulder responsibility for developing reading skills, what steps are necessary in planning a program aimed at the development of reading skills in the social studies classroom? This paper will treat only one step: evaluation of the present position of the student and/or class in terms of skill development and ability levels. The author shall attempt to ascertain whether or not it is possible for the classroom teacher to determine present achievement levels in terms of specific skills needed in reading social studies materials through an item analysis of student performance on two commonly used standardized social studies tests. This will, in effect, be testing the thesis: Through item analysis of tests concerned with reading skills in the social studies it is possible to determine achievement levels of a class or individual accurately enough, in terms of specific skills, to design a program for skill improvement. Show less

Date Issued

1959

Identifier

FSU_akx0438

Format

Thesis

Title

Becoming American.

Creator

Amar, Monika, Program in International Affairs

Abstract/Description

This thesis examines various aspects of modern American culture and addresses potential causes and effects of American individualism and of the current mainstream American family dynamic. Discussing the effects that Americanism can have on interaction within immigrant families, as well as on society at large via globalization, this thesis evaluates historical, political and technological aspects of American society, which attribute to present-day functioning of individuals living in America... Show moreThis thesis examines various aspects of modern American culture and addresses potential causes and effects of American individualism and of the current mainstream American family dynamic. Discussing the effects that Americanism can have on interaction within immigrant families, as well as on society at large via globalization, this thesis evaluates historical, political and technological aspects of American society, which attribute to present-day functioning of individuals living in America and beyond. Attributing changes in the way people communicate within the family realm and with others, this thesis analyzes the detrimental effects of overuse and dependence on information and communication technologies — mainly the Internet and the mobile phone — as well as the diffusion of capitalism into various realms of American society and even on a global scale as humans have become more interconnected. The intention of this thesis is to highlight the developing elements of mainstream American culture and to expose the potential for a worldwide community with the increased progressive industrialization and urbanization of more and more countries. Show less

Date Issued

2014

Identifier

FSU_migr_uhm-0337

Format

Thesis

Title

Benjamin Britten's Early Viola Works with a Pedagogical Analysis Intended for the Advancing Viola Student.

Benjamin Britten wrote five pieces for the viola, the most well-known being the Lachrymae, Op. 48: Reflections on a song of Dowland written in 1950 for the Scottish violist William Primrose. Britten's other viola works were composed in 1930-1932 and were written for himself to perform as the violist. They were not published until after his death and have only recently been available for purchase. The intent of this treatise is to help make these lesser-known works to be more accessible for... Show moreBenjamin Britten wrote five pieces for the viola, the most well-known being the Lachrymae, Op. 48: Reflections on a song of Dowland written in 1950 for the Scottish violist William Primrose. Britten's other viola works were composed in 1930-1932 and were written for himself to perform as the violist. They were not published until after his death and have only recently been available for purchase. The intent of this treatise is to help make these lesser-known works to be more accessible for instructors in order to teach these pieces to young advancing violists. For the purpose of this study, advancing violists may be defined as students who generally are in high school or college with well-developed techniques such as vibrato, shifting, spiccato, and bow control. This document includes a short biography of Benjamin Britten along with a pedagogical analysis of the pieces Reflection for Viola and Piano (1930), Elegy for Viola Solo (1930), Two Portrait (1930) No. 2, and There is a Willow Grows Aslant a Brook. The author studied each piece and worked with a pianist to establish proper tempos and fingerings. For rhythmically challenging ensemble passages, the author created original exercises for piano and viola to be played together. The author also has created original exercises for practicing difficult passages and improving techniques such as shifting. Musical examples, with alternate bowing and fingerings, are also discussed in this study. Show less

Date Issued

2015

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-9644

Format

Thesis

Title

Beyond the Body Burden: Social Consequences and Causes of Chronic Inflammation.

Objectives and Theoretical Framework This study addresses the social dynamics of associations between chronic inflammation and quality of life in older adults, as well the ability of social factors to cause inflammatory disease. It builds on growing evidence in sociological and clinical literatures that chronic inflammation has negative net effects on quality of life across the life course, as well as negative indirect effects via social mechanisms (Hamer and Chida 2011; Lal 2006; Marnell et... Show moreObjectives and Theoretical Framework This study addresses the social dynamics of associations between chronic inflammation and quality of life in older adults, as well the ability of social factors to cause inflammatory disease. It builds on growing evidence in sociological and clinical literatures that chronic inflammation has negative net effects on quality of life across the life course, as well as negative indirect effects via social mechanisms (Hamer and Chida 2011; Lal 2006; Marnell et al. 2005; Testa and Simonson 1996; Sprangers et al. 2000; Epel et al. 2004; Finch and Crimmins 2004; Willson et al. 2007). Biomarkers are used to capture inflammatory pathology, ensuring that people with rare inflammatory conditions are included and thus avoiding many of the challenges presented by the diagnosis data used in previous research (Mirowsky and Ross 1989; Mirowsky and Ross 2003; Crimmins and Seeman 2001). Using this more inclusive method for studying people with chronic inflammation, elaboration models are created to explore how social factors influence the consequences and causation of chronic inflammation. Methods and Data Sources Data from Wave I of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) are used to examine relationships between levels of the inflammatory biomarker C-reactive protein and two different sets of quality of life outcomes. Because many inflammatory diseases are present at birth, studying older adults can reveal long-term effects from living with chronic inflammation (Geronimus 1992). Quality of life is measured in two ways: self-ratings of satisfaction with life in general (happiness, enjoyment of life, and sadness), and self-ratings of satisfaction with intimate relationships (overall happiness, physical satisfaction, and emotional satisfaction). Three types of social factors are examined: structure variables (age, race, sex, income, education), sociomedical sequelae (disability, pain, diagnosis), and process factors (communication and social support, relationship participation). The unique role of each of these elements of social life is explored via mediation, moderation, and fundamental causation analyses. All analyses use ordinal logistic and ordinary least-squares regression techniques as theoretically and mathematically indicated. Findings reveal how chronic inflammation may entrench and even foster social inequality. Key Findings Bivariate models suggest that total effects of chronic inflammatory biomarker levels on quality of life are significant and negative, indicating that chronic inflammation can decrease satisfaction with life and relationships. However, effect significance varies somewhat depending on the measure used; the effects of chronic inflammation on quality of life may thus be sensitive to slight differences between domains of psychosocial experience. Each additional milligram per liter of C-reactive protein appears to reduce the odds of reporting high levels of quality of life between 7 and 10 percent for the following outcomes: overall happiness, happiness with intimate relationships, physical satisfaction with relationships, and emotional satisfaction with relationships. Including sociomedical, interactional, and sociodemographic variables reveals inconsistency in the effects of different social attributes and processes. Associations between emotional quality of life and chronic inflammation may be partially mediated by sociomedical sequelae and social relationship factors. Associations between relational quality of life and chronic inflammation appear to be partially mediated by social relationships, but not by sociomedical sequelae. In both cases, dynamics related to partner intimacy may play an important mediating role. Social structure factors do not appear to moderate overall associations between chronic inflammation and quality of life. However, these constructs do demonstrate consistent ability to predict both emotional and relational outcomes when incorporated into models containing C-reactive protein as the main predictor. Likewise, both social structure and relationship factors may play a role in causing chronic inflammation. Extant research and theory from both sociological and clinical disciplines support these findings, and recommend multiple strategies for further study. Significance and Future Directions Using biomarker data to measure inflammation status reveals important information about how chronic inflammation may impact psychosocial quality of life. Looking at a variety of quality of life outcomes in tandem suggests that several individual domains of emotional and relational quality of life may be especially vulnerable to detrimental effects from chronic inflammation, and that these negative effects occur through different social pathways. Emphasizing social structure and relationship factors that shape relationships between inflammation and different quality of life outcomes can illuminate specific ways that chronic inflammation may predispose people to psychosocial disadvantage and/or exacerbate existing social inequalities. Relational processes, especially those related to participation in and dynamics of intimate partnerships, may be more important than social structures in shaping the effects of chronic inflammation on quality of life. Likewise, further research is needed to explore how different social factors may fundamentally cause chronic inflammation. Future scholarship on these topics can contribute immensely to understanding of both social inequality and medical risk. Finally, effects of chronic inflammation are likely underestimated due to very small samples of people with extremely high C-reactive protein levels; more data on these individuals are thus needed. Show less

Date Issued

2013

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-8712

Format

Thesis

Title

The Bilingual Advantage on Tasks of Interferernce Suppression and Response Inhibition Among Language Minority Youth.

Children who are native Spanish-speaking Language Minority Youth (LMY) comprise the fastest growing population of students in the United States. In addition, these children lag significantly behind their non-LMY peers in academic achievement. To aid in their development of academic skills, it is necessary to evaluate individual factors that are related to later reading and math achievement. One such individual factor is executive function (EF). EF is defined as the set of cognitive skills... Show moreChildren who are native Spanish-speaking Language Minority Youth (LMY) comprise the fastest growing population of students in the United States. In addition, these children lag significantly behind their non-LMY peers in academic achievement. To aid in their development of academic skills, it is necessary to evaluate individual factors that are related to later reading and math achievement. One such individual factor is executive function (EF). EF is defined as the set of cognitive skills that underlie children’s ability to regulate their thoughts and actions. Among the skills encompassed by executive function are inhibitory control (i.e., the ability to suppress a dominant response in favor of a subdominant response), working memory (i.e., the ability to maintain and manipulate information in short-term memory), and shifting (i.e., the ability to switch flexibly between tasks). Children who speak more than one language are theorized to have what is called a “bilingual advantage” in their executive function ability such that they outperform their non-LMY peers on tasks of inhibitory control. It is theorized that the bilingual advantage originates from the simultaneous activation of both languages and the constant need to select the relevant language while ignoring their other language. This conflict between languages and the need to select just one language in which to respond confers cognitive advantages that are said to generalize to inhibitory control. However, findings are mixed regarding whether the bilingual advantage exists. A closer examination of these findings suggests that the bilingual advantage is dependent upon the type of inhibitory control task administered. Specifically, the bilingual advantage is said to exist on tasks of interference suppression (IS; defined as the ability to ignore or suppress irrelevant salient perceptual information in a bivalent task and selectively attend to relevant conflicting information), but not on tasks of response inhibition (RI; defined as suppressing a dominant response in favor of a less dominant response). The goal of this study was to evaluate the different types of inhibitory control among children with some degree of exposure to both Spanish and English and to understand better whether there is a bilingual advantage conferred on tasks of interference suppression (but not on tasks of response inhibition) for children with a greater degree of bilingualism. In the current study, 100 Spanish-speaking LMY preschool students were administered an English and Spanish language measure to determine their degree of bilingualism as well as seven computerized tasks of inhibitory control. Four of the computerized tasks evaluated IS (two required verbal responses, two did not) and three of the computerized tasks evaluated RI (one required a verbal response, two did not). Consistent with the first hypothesis, the verbal and nonverbal computerized tasks measured a unitary inhibitory control construct. Consistent with the second hypothesis, results indicated that IS and RI were distinct domains within the broader construct of inhibitory control. Consistent with the third hypothesis, results indicated that a higher degree of bilingualism was associated with stronger inhibitory control, and that children’s degree of bilingualism was relatively more associated with IS than with RI. These findings support the presence of a bilingual advantage conferred to children’s inhibitory control, as well as a specific advantage conferred to inhibitory control tasks that require IS. However, degree of bilingualism was strongly related to children’s English language skills. Show less

Date Issued

2016

Identifier

FSU_2016SU_Farrington_fsu_0071E_13393

Format

Thesis

Title

Birthing Bodies and Doctrine: The Natural Philosophy of Generation and the Evangelical Theology of Regeneration in the Early Modern Atlantic World.

In the Atlantic world of the eighteenth century, revivalists in Europe, North America, South America, and the Caribbean centered their theology around the doctrine of the new birth. The new birth was the unifying, if contested, theme of the transatlantic revivals. Although prominent evangelical theologians like Jonathan Edwards, John Wesley and Nikolaus von Zinzendorf each conceptualized rebirth a little differently, the surprising unity of the doctrine across geographic and institutional... Show moreIn the Atlantic world of the eighteenth century, revivalists in Europe, North America, South America, and the Caribbean centered their theology around the doctrine of the new birth. The new birth was the unifying, if contested, theme of the transatlantic revivals. Although prominent evangelical theologians like Jonathan Edwards, John Wesley and Nikolaus von Zinzendorf each conceptualized rebirth a little differently, the surprising unity of the doctrine across geographic and institutional boundaries stemmed from the fact that they all sought to ground the spiritual metaphor of the new birth in the natural philosophy of childbirth. Before the early modern Atlantic world saw a sudden increase of this evangelical preaching on the doctrine of the rebirth, there was a sudden increase of writings by natural philosophers on new findings about conception and childbirth. This seventeenth-century fascination among natural philosophers with the process of "generation," as it was called, led to the eighteenth-century preoccupation with "regeneration" among evangelical leaders. Edwards, Wesley and Zinzendorf were each exposed to the mechanism of Descartes, the empiricism of Locke, and the theory of preformationism at early ages, long before their theological systems had solidified. Employing this natural philosophy of generation was not simply a way to legitimize the idea of the new birth; it was the method by which this doctrine was produced. The main question of this dissertation, then, is one of epistemology: where do religious knowledge and values come from? How is a theological doctrine formed? As this case study of the new birth shows, theology is oftentimes produced from the body--from embodied experiences, bodily metaphors, and empirical information about the body. Bodies--as much as sacred texts, charismatic leaders, ecclesiastical institutions, etc.--are sites of religious values and truths. The experience of being born again, Edwards, Wesley and Zinzendorf agreed, was instantaneous and sometimes accompanied by convulsions of the body and terrors of the mind as in the pangs of childbirth. To learn about the spiritual mechanisms of this new birth experience, one could study the physical process of childbirth as explained by natural philosophers. Revivalism relied heavily on enlightenment philosophy for the development of its values and worldview, and in turn enlightenment movements relied on transatlantic revivalism for the transmission of its ideas to those who would not otherwise have had access to them. Evangelical preachers like Edwards, Wesley and Zinzendorf were the cultural mediators between what Wesley called "plain people" and natural philosophers like Malebranche, Descartes, and Locke. The sermons and treatises written by these preachers were the medium through which knowledge about the natural and supernatural worlds was conveyed. Rather than viewing evangelicalism as opposed to the heady intellectualism of enlightenment empiricism, this dissertation shows how these revivalists consistently drew from the findings of natural philosophy in the creation of their theology. For them, the body was a site for the formation of such theological knowledge. Early modern natural philosophy put human bodies into discourse, transforming bodies from an experiential reality into a natural phenomenon worthy of academic study. This in turn opened up the body as a site of theological inquiry for clergy across the Atlantic who believed that divine truths could be gleaned from the natural world. Several of these clergy birthed the first evangelical movement by translating the natural philosophy of childbirth into a streamlined metaphor that both united those who had had the experience of the new birth and radically divided them from those who had not. If the body was the epistemology that revivalists drew knowledge from, then religion was the medium through which such knowledge was conveyed. Show less

This study surveys William Blake's and Percy Bysshe Shelley's reader responses of Satan in John Milton's Paradise Lost. Blake and Shelley were both Romanticists and were highly captivated with the character of Satan. Their critiques of Milton's Satan are evident through their works. Blake's works that are examined are "The Marriage of Heaven and Hell," an eleven-page poem, Milton, an epic poem, and the illuminated printings of Milton's Paradise Lost. Shelley's works that are studied are... Show moreThis study surveys William Blake's and Percy Bysshe Shelley's reader responses of Satan in John Milton's Paradise Lost. Blake and Shelley were both Romanticists and were highly captivated with the character of Satan. Their critiques of Milton's Satan are evident through their works. Blake's works that are examined are "The Marriage of Heaven and Hell," an eleven-page poem, Milton, an epic poem, and the illuminated printings of Milton's Paradise Lost. Shelley's works that are studied are Prometheus Unbound, a closet lyrical drama, and "A Defense of Poetry" which is an essay. Blake and Shelley believed that Satan was the proper hero of Milton's Paradise Lost. They both critiqued Milton's Satan by finding several imperfections in Paradise Lost. Both tried to surpass Milton by creating their own perfect version of Milton's Satan. Shelley goes a step beyond Blake when designing his Satan by producing a new tragic hero that does not have a hamartia. Show less

Date Issued

2013

Identifier

FSU_migr_uhm-0234

Format

Thesis

Title

Blogging and Identity: An Examination of an Elementary Preservice Art Education Curriculum.

This study focused on the need for an increased understanding of the experiences of preservice elementary educators and their respective abilities to define culture, identity, and the politics of representation in a technologically centered world by responding to culturally challenging and politically laden images and media. The experience under study focused on pre-service elementary educators enrolled in an arts methods class and understanding their abilities to perceive, process, and... Show moreThis study focused on the need for an increased understanding of the experiences of preservice elementary educators and their respective abilities to define culture, identity, and the politics of representation in a technologically centered world by responding to culturally challenging and politically laden images and media. The experience under study focused on pre-service elementary educators enrolled in an arts methods class and understanding their abilities to perceive, process, and respond to visual media on a blog. Throughout this process, I assessed the individual's understanding of multicultural concerns as it related to the Internet, museum, and online discussions, with implications for teaching and learning in art and museum education. I utilized Anderson and Milbrandt's (2005) analytic critical model with Banks' (1991) value-inquiry model in order to assess students' abilities to critically analyze challenging material while investigating blogging and asynchronous methods of communication as a strategy for addressing these issues. In this study, I reveal how students negotiated, shared, and constructed multiple aspects of their identities in order to understand their roles in addressing diversity in their future classrooms. Students completed a curriculum designed to help them describe, analyze, interpret, and judge material that highlights aspects of their classmates' cultural identities. Students first created a personal blog that revealed their cultural identity, posted and responded to a classroom communal blog that reflected material that challenged an aspect of their cultural identity, and then responded to online surveys that revealed various aspects of their cultural identity while reflecting on the meanings they generated throughout this study. What I found was that students developed a greater awareness of their personal value systems as a student, friend, and/or family member. They focused on the beliefs they thought they needed in order to address culturally challenging material in their future classrooms. This study also helped students understand the process of transformation: where they came from, where they are presently, and how they see their beliefs impacting the type of learning environment they will create for their students in the future. Show less

This ethnographic research explores the nature of one contemporary community fiber art guild. My nine-month participation within this distinctive art world guided my major research question: "What is and has been the nature of women's experience within Arts, Etc., as a distinctive arts community?". To answer this question, I relied upon interviews, field experiences, and document review. The personal experiences of the six informants, in life and learning settings, determined the nature of... Show moreThis ethnographic research explores the nature of one contemporary community fiber art guild. My nine-month participation within this distinctive art world guided my major research question: "What is and has been the nature of women's experience within Arts, Etc., as a distinctive arts community?". To answer this question, I relied upon interviews, field experiences, and document review. The personal experiences of the six informants, in life and learning settings, determined the nature of their interactions within the guild. How they defined community was contingent on the introspection of their own personal narratives and resulting, self- identities. The reviewed literature and methodology emphasizes women's subjective voice, social construction of knowledge, and interpersonal languages. Emergent findings contribute to current research on community-based art education (CBAE), historical trends within feminism, and feminist and existentialist art therapeutic models. The concepts of feminist aesthetic criticism and narratives are also explored in relation to informants' art work and personal histories. The findings suggest that women's artworlds can be based solely on an affinity for the art form, not political or social ideologies. Additionally, informal fiber art activities in family settings comprise significant learning experiences that re-emerge later in adulthood and influence preferred didactic styles. Show less

Date Issued

2007

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-2040

Format

Thesis

Title

The Bridge to Victory: The Iranian Crisis and the Birth of the Cold War.

This work examines the Iranian Crisis of 1946 and its active role in shaping the Cold War that followed. It is intended to serve as a case study of how the United States was able to successfully flex its short-lived atomic monopoly and achieve its international objectives in the early postwar era by means of direct engagement with so-called "peripheral actors." This writing engages with the robust academic field of U.S. foreign relations that over the past number of years revisited and... Show moreThis work examines the Iranian Crisis of 1946 and its active role in shaping the Cold War that followed. It is intended to serve as a case study of how the United States was able to successfully flex its short-lived atomic monopoly and achieve its international objectives in the early postwar era by means of direct engagement with so-called "peripheral actors." This writing engages with the robust academic field of U.S. foreign relations that over the past number of years revisited and reimagined the origins and driving forces of the Cold War. My own international archival research and comparative historiographical analysis supports the growing synthesis of the field, and it has led me to argue the importance of peripheral actors, and specifically Iran, in establishing the Cold War system. The claims that Soviet expansionism or American economic agendas were the sole agitants behind the emergence of the decades-long struggle no longer satisfies in lieu of the new materials and analytical approaches now available. While the Russians and the British jockeyed for positions of leadership within wartime-occupied Iran, the United States was welcomed into the region by many Iranians as a potential balancing force and check on European imperialism. The Soviet Union's violation of a troop withdrawal agreement at the conclusion of the Second World War, coupled with its active support of Kurdish and Azeri separatist movements, aggressively tested the new and evolving international order. The primary objective of this work is to understand how the international community, in this case led by the United States, the Soviet Union, Iran, and the newly-formed United Nations, achieved a relatively peaceful withdrawal of Soviet forces from Iranian territory. I contend that: 1) Iran possessed, due to its wartime role and latent economic potential, a degree of leverage in negotiations with the United States and Russia that other nations did not; 2) that the Iranian prime minister, Ahmad Qavām, shrewdly manipulated both superpowers with his own brand of masterful statecraft while pursuing his own "Iran-centric" objectives; 3) that the United States used its preponderance of military, economic, and diplomatic might to effectively achieve its postwar aims; and 4) the primary actors in the crisis solidified the legitimacy of the United Nations and its Security Council, which had previously been in jeopardy. The Iranian Crisis presents a challenge to those scholars who present models premised on a rigid Cold War binarism, while it seemingly strengthens the case of those scholars who take account of other actors when assessing power dynamics and the ability of the superpowers to implement their will. Evidence indicates that Prime Minister Qavām was one of the principal figures behind the peaceful resolution of this matter. Representing a "third-party" force outside of Europe, Qavām skillfully used the tools he had at his disposal to transform the foreign policies of the superpowers while advancing his own country's agenda. Qavām would not have taken the bold risks that he did – which included offering highly sought after oil concessions to Soviet leaders while deftly wrapping them in legalistic parlance and damning requirements – unless he was positive that the United States would stand behind him militarily, economically, and politically, even if doing so risked the continuation and perhaps escalation of global conflict. While lesser known than the Berlin Airlift or the Korean War or the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Iranian Crisis revealed for the first time what a superpower clash might look like. This event provides a stunning example of crisis management by the primary participants. The Iranian Crisis was indeed the birth of the Cold War, and it established a model for state actions during and after this long conflict. The Crisis also provides a powerful example of how third-party entities outside of Europe, despite possessing relatively meager military and economic might, had the ability to alter and occasionally manipulate superpower behavior. Show less

Using a single subject research design, two university students, one with Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia (PDA) and one with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), received seven individual, one-hour sessions incorporating art therapy components into a model of brief cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and panic. Sessions in the GAD case were conducted through Internet video chats. Foci of therapy included: psychoeducation, identification and development of support systems, breathing... Show moreUsing a single subject research design, two university students, one with Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia (PDA) and one with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), received seven individual, one-hour sessions incorporating art therapy components into a model of brief cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and panic. Sessions in the GAD case were conducted through Internet video chats. Foci of therapy included: psychoeducation, identification and development of support systems, breathing retraining, cognitive restructuring, interoceptive exposure, in vivo exposure, and relapse prevention. Outcomes on symptoms of both disorders were measured using daily self-report ratings completed by both participants. Panic frequency and some features of fear of fear (panic expectancy and expected aversiveness) and agoraphobia (amount of avoidance) were significantly reduced in Case 1 with PDA. Reductions in other measures of fear of fear (maximum fear of panic) and agoraphobia (agoraphobic anxiety) were marginally significant in Case 1 as was reduction in general anxiety in Case 2 with GAD. There was no significant change in general anxiety in Case 1 or general feelings of goodness in either case. Show less

Date Issued

2013

Identifier

FSU_migr_etd-7518

Format

Thesis

Title

Bring the Pain: Three Essays on the Influence of Military Capabilities on International Conflict.

Creator

Crisher, Brian Benjamin, Souva, Mark A., Grant, Jonathan A., Moore, William H., Ehrlich, Sean D., Florida State University, College of Social Sciences and Public Policy,... Show moreCrisher, Brian Benjamin, Souva, Mark A., Grant, Jonathan A., Moore, William H., Ehrlich, Sean D., Florida State University, College of Social Sciences and Public Policy, Department of Political Science Show less

Abstract/Description

This dissertation consists of three individual studies that examine the influence of military capabilities on international conflict. Chapter 2 examines the influence of naval power on non-contiguous hostile disputes. I present a unique argument that links absolute naval power to international conflict through uncertainty of resolve and fears about future threats. Increasing a state's naval power increases the amount of issues they will dispute. Yet these issues are likely to be of low... Show moreThis dissertation consists of three individual studies that examine the influence of military capabilities on international conflict. Chapter 2 examines the influence of naval power on non-contiguous hostile disputes. I present a unique argument that links absolute naval power to international conflict through uncertainty of resolve and fears about future threats. Increasing a state's naval power increases the amount of issues they will dispute. Yet these issues are likely to be of low salience. Because the issues are of low salience defenders will be uncertain about the resolve of challengers. Additionally, because of the increase in naval power, defenders will fear future threats. Defenders that fear future threats are more likely to resist coercive threats. As such, defenders have incentives to bargain aggressively against challengers. In this case, we should be more likely to observe military disputes as challengers look to signal their resolve. Utilizing a new data set of naval power, I show that as states acquire naval strength they are more likely to initiate non-contiguous hostile disputes. Additionally, I find that contrary to realist and expected utility theory expectations, relative naval power has little influence on hostile dispute initiation. The findings have implications for the future actions of states whose naval strength is growing. Chapter 3 examines the influence of military parity on international conflict. Studies of power parity and conflict implicitly assume all balanced dyads are created equal. However, variation exists within the capabilities of the states in these particular dyads. I address the question of what affects the likelihood of conflict onset within relatively balanced dyads. I argue uncertainty – in particular the uncertainty of the expected costs of conflict – determines the likelihood of conflict among these dyads. More uncertainty of costs means a greater likelihood of miscalculation leading to bargaining errors. First, I argue as an opponent's capabilities increase, uncertainty of costs increase and the likelihood of conflict increases. Second, military action serves a purpose in bargaining and can help reduce uncertainty by signaling a state's willingness to inflict and endure costs in order to gain a better settlement. Third, information transmission is likely to be effective only when states have the capability to inflict significant costs. As such, while greater capabilities will lead to a high likelihood of conflict onset, they also lead to a reduced likelihood of conflict escalation. The testing of non-directed dyads from 1946 to 2001 supports the theory's implications. Chapter 4 examines what influences the likelihood of a war ending with an absolute outcome. Past work has focused on understanding questions about war outcomes in-terms of win, lose, or draw (Slantchev, 2004; Bennett and Stam, 1998; Stam, 1998). Yet little-to-no attention has been paid to understanding why some wars end with one side losing their ability to resist rather than a limited negotiated settlement. Here I present one of the first empirical tests for determining the likelihood of a war ending with an absolute outcome. I argue that two conditions increase the likelihood of a war reaching an absolute outcome. The difficulty and costs involve mean that a state must have the willingness and capabilities to impose such an outcome. Wars where credible commitment concerns are present gives the willingness while asymmetric power gives the capabilities to pursue an absolute outcome. The contribution of this study is to move beyond the questions of limited war outcomes to helping us understand war at its most punishing phase. Such an understanding can help identify which wars have the potential for reaching extremes, allowing the international community to attempt other solutions. Show less