Abstract:

Background: Sensorineural
hearing loss (SNHL) is most common form of hearing loss, (90% of hearing loss
cases). It was observed that diabetes and hypertension both can cause SNHL
through diabetic microangiography and hypertensive retinopathy in ear
respectively. Considering prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in India,
particularly in state of Maharashtra and their association with sensorineural
hearing loss, it was decided to evaluate relationship and frequency of SNHL in
adult population of Mumbai metropolitan region.

Methodology: The
aim of study was to investigate relationship and frequency of SNHL due to
previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension in adult population
of Mumbai metropolitan region. In present study, protocol was designed for
semi-structured qualitative interviews of physicians to determine relationship
and prevalence of SNHL. In total 25 respondents were replied to semi-structured
interviews.

Results: Semi-structured
interviews of physicians and audiologists revealed that there exists close
association with duration and control of diabetes and/or hypertension. In
semi-structured interviews it was found that out of all SNHL patients, there
were 71.43% cases of diabetes; 39.29% cases of hypertension; and 53.57% of both
diabetes and hypertension. Severity of hearing loss due to diabetes and/or
hypertension was found to be moderate with more prevalence in age group of
50-60 years.

Conclusion: It
was found that sensorineural hearing loss occurs due to diabetes and/or
hypertension. Better control of these conditions at early stage might prevent
causation or progression of sensorineural hearing loss. There is need to create
awareness amongst public about hearing loss and utility of hearing aids.

[30]. Revision of rates and guidelines for reimbursement of
expenses on purchase of hearing aids under CS(MA) rules, 1944 and CGH
S-regarding. Ministry of health and family welfare, Govt. of India.
S14025/10/2002/MS. 21 March 2012.