Widely grown in subtropical regions of western himalayas, and grown commonly as a hedge plant.

Fruits, sour and astringent in taste, are the richest source of iron containing good amount of vitamin C. Very useful to cure anaemia,

Raw or mature fruits are most suitable for making an excellent quality pickle, jelly and candy. Ripe fruits can be processed into ready-to-serve squash and syrup.

15Bael (Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Corr.

Bael (Aegle marmelos L.) is also called as Bengal quince.

It is well adoptable to tropical and subtropical conditions of plains and submontane regions of country.

Fruit possess aromatic pulp, eaten as such or as sherbets, squash, has medicinal value and cure for chronic diarrhoea and dysentery.

16Jamun

widely distributed throughout subtropics of western Himalayas as stray plantation or avenue. It has many valuable properties and virtually every part of the tree has been utilized by both urban and rural dwellers.

The fruits are good sources of iron, sugars, minerals, proteins and carbohydrate etc. fruits are used as effective medicine against diabetes.

In recent years, Jamun fruits are becoming popular among the people of western Himalayas due to its rich medicinal values particularly for its anti-diabetic properties.

In spite of the fact that jamun can withstand adverse climatic conditions and be grown in various types of soil, but no attempt to improve its varietals wealth have been made under this regions

Many wild forms of peach are found in this zone. The most distinguishing feature of the wild types found in the region is very late ripening of the fruit.

The fruits are small in size and very sweet. They may be free stone or cling type. An important feature of these plants is that they are resistant to peach leaf curl which otherwise is a serious problem in the peach growing areas.

The wild form of almond that exists in abundance in western Himalayas regions are generally bitter.

SKUAST-K has conducted extensive survey in all the almond growing pockets of Kashmir valley which has resulted not only in identification of elite selections having better nut and kernels characteristics, but also selections having high protein and fat content.

These high protein selections although bitter can be used for oil extraction because sweet almond is too valuable to be pressed for oil.

These selections were found to be highly tolerant to drought / diseases and other problems and also could be extensively used as a rootstock for raising almond nurseries because of its bitterness.

Most important temperate nut mostly and distributed in Jammu Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh

In Himachal Pradesh its planataion remined confined to the areas of Kangra, Mandi, Kullu and Solan districts

Total area under pecan nut in recent year is increasing due its high economic return and well adapted to intermediate zone of Jammu. (Rajouri Poonch District)

32Constraints

Most of the plants are seedling origin

Poor establishment in field

No improved cultivars

Lack of suitable pollinizer

33Chestnut (Castanea spp)

The chestnut is growing wild in many parts of Western Himalayas especially North-West Frontier Province, Darjeeling and Khasi Hills.

There is no organized plantation and production figure of chestnut in India. Only stray plantation exists and some plants are growing in wild in these regions.

34Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L)

Turkish hazelnut (Corylus colurna) grow wild in termperate climate of Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir regions of Western Himalayas

European and American species of hazelnut are found in wild in Pangi region of Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh and locally known as Thangi.

Used as root stocks, green fodder for sheep and cattle , hardly used for human consumption

35Pistachio (Pistacia vera L)

The cultivation of pistachio in this region is at infancy. The only plantation that exists is at the progeny cum demonstration orchard Botku and Regional Horticulture Research Station, Sharbo in Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh.

Efforts are in hand to bring more area under pistachio cultivation and some achievements has been made in this direction by importing two commercial varieties namely Kermon (female) and Peters (male) from California, USA.

The identification and multiplication of underutilized fruit species which are superior in many traits

Introduction of superior cultivars from countries where they are grown commercially

Systematic plantation of orchard where the indigenous and exotic germplasm can be evaluated properly in different agro climatic zones

Selection of dwarfing rootstocks to reduce the juvenile period and increase the productivity and production

Studies on pollination behavior and recommendation of suitable pollinizers.

38Conclusion

Underutilized Fruit are highly nutritious and contain vitamins , carbohydrates, protein and minerals in higher quantity than majority of other common cultivated fruits.

NUS have high medicinal value and are being used locally

These fruit species should be effectively exploited to supply a balanced diet to its huge population

Priority is given to exploration , collection and conservation of these species in this region

39THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION AND SPONSORS Canadian International Development AgencyKirkhouse Trust

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