Considering the evolution of schools and the growth of smart schools، the aim of the present study was to compare the self-efficacy and academic performance of students in conventional and smart schools.Instruments and

Methods

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was conducted in Kerman، Iran، in 2015. 300 students of 8th grade studying in Kerman (145 smart school student and 155 conventional school students) were selected by multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected by a standardized academic self-efficacy questionnaire of Jinks-Morgan and analyzed using independent t-test، linear regression، Pearson correlation test and SPSS 20 software.

Findings:

Academic achievement in conventional and smart schools was statistically different. So that students of smart schools had better academic achievement than ordinary schools (p=0.0001). While the self-efficacy of the two groups did not differ significantly. There was a significant direct correlation between students' academic achievement and their self-efficacy score (r=0.159، p=0.006). Also، there was a significant statistical difference، according to the type of school، occupation، and education level of parents (p<0.0001).

Conclusion

The academic self-efficacy of students in the two groups do not differ، students of smart schools have the higher academic achievement. School smartness and high self-efficacy will improve students' academic achievement.

Adolescence is a golden chance for preventing the harms caused by unhealthy behaviors and it is the time for choosing a permanent healthy lifestyle. The aim of study was to evaluate the impact of educational program on parental nutritional social support among parents' female adolescents.

Materials & Methods

The present field trial was conducted from January to May، 2016. Sixty-three female adolescents (33 persons in intervention group and 30 persons in control group) with the age range of 12 to 15 years at schools of Isfahan، Iran، were selected by multistage random sampling method as the samples of the study. Samples were randomly allocated to two groups. Adolescents’ perceived and received social support from their parents was measured، using a researcher-made questionnaire، of which the validity and reliability were approved. The intervention included 3 educational sessions (each session took 2 hours) within a one-week interval for adolescents’ parents. One month after performing the educational intervention for parents، adolescents’ received and perceived social support for having a healthy diet was measured. The data were analyzed، using SPSS 19 and independent t test، paired t test، Chi square، and Mann-Whitney test.

Findings:

There was no significant difference between two groups regarding the demographic characteristics of the two groups. Also، no significant difference was observed between the two groups after the intervention regarding the mean level of their perceived and received nutritional social support.

Conclusion

Educational intervention on parents does not increase perceived and received social support in early adolescents for receiving healthy nutrients.

Today، Mobile Health interventions as a group of Electronic Health interventions used to provide health information and improve health outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Health Belief Model-based (HBM) education on self-care in diabetic patient via Telegram، among participants.

Materials and Methods

This quasi-experimental study was done from Jun 2016 to September 2017 in the health centers of Tabriz. Out of 20 health complexes in Tabriz، randomized (stepwise sampling) 5 complex selected. Then from each complex، 2 health center was selected randomly. With randomly sampling method، 68 patients with diabetes were selected (34 participants in the intervention group and 34 participants in the control group). In intervention group، educational text messages based on HBM was sent via Telegram during one month regularly. Three months later، both Intervention and control group completed researcher-made questionnaires by self-report. The data were analyzed by Chi-square test، paired t-test، Pearson’s test and SPSS 19 software.

Findings:

There was no significant difference in several demographic characteristics between two groups. Comparison of the mean difference of knowledge and in HBM constructs before of intervention in the groups showed no significant difference (p>0.05). There was a significant mean difference in the HBM constructs between two groups after intervention (p<0.05). There were significant correlations between the HBM constructs (p<0.05).

Osteoporosis is a major public health problem in the world، which can be prevented or its onset can be delayed through some lifestyle changes. The aim of this study was to assess the application of the precede-proceed model in promoting physical activity for prevention of osteoporosis among women.

Materials and Methods

The present quasi-experimental study examined the application of precede-proceed model on the physical activity of 120 women with the age range of 15 to 49 years old، who were selected by multistage random sampling in Kerman in 2014. The participants were divided to the control (n=60) and intervention (n=60) groups. Among the preventive behaviors of osteoporosis، physical activity was selected for the educational intervention. The educational intervention lasted for 2 months. An international standard questionnaire was used to measure physical activity، and a researcher-made questionnaire، according to the constructs of precede model was used to collect data before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS 20، using Mann-Whitney، Wilcoxon، and Chi-square tests as well as descriptive statistics.

Findings:

After educational interventions، the mean scores of predisposing، reinforcing and empowering factors، as well as osteoporosis preventive behaviors (physical activity) significantly increased only in the intervention group (p<0.001).

Conclusion

Health education and health promotion interventions based on precede-proceed model can lead to increased physical activity and eventually prevent osteoporosis in women.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between health literacy and special quality of life and body image in women undergone mastectomy in reproductive age.

Instruments and Methods:

This cross sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 225 women in reproductive age (15-49) with breast cancer and having a mastectomy referred to Sina Hospital-breast surgery clinic، Breast Research Center، and Mahdieh Hospital from 2014 to 2015. A simple random sampling method as well as 4 questionnaires including the Health Literacy for the Iranian Adults (HELIA)، Standard questionnaire of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC version 3.0)، special edition of Breast Cancer (QLQ-BR 23)، and a Special questionnaire for body images was used. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software، using Spearman's correlation coefficient and one way ANOVA test.

Findings:

There was a statistical significant relationship between job status، education، and health literacy of participants (p=0.001). The significant relationship was observed between health literacy and the overall quality of life (p=0.042). Fatigue and pain had the strongest impact on quality of life of patients. Also، there was a statistical significant relationship between the body image and education level.

Conclusion

Women’s health literacy is closely related to their education level. There is a significant and positive relationship between the health literacy and overall quality of life. However، no statistical significant correlation is found between health literacy levels and symptom scales of breast cancer.

Pre-adolescence is an essential time for the formation and stability of behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine the correlated factors with nutritional behaviors in elementary school students.Instrument and

Methods

In descriptive-analytic study، 300 fifth-grade elementary schools students of Talesh and Fouman cities of Guilan Province، Iran were selected using the random cluster method، in 2017. Data were collected by researcher-made questionnaire. The one way analysis of variance، two independent samples t-test، Spearman correlation coefficient، and SPSS 21 software were used.

Findings:

There was no significant relationship between demographic characteristics and nutritional behaviors (p>0.05) but father's education level had a significant reverse correlation with barriers (r=-0.147; p<0.05). The most important barriers of having breakfast during the week in school were lack of appetite and adequate time، and on vacation، was to be alone. Barriers were disliked milk، embarrassment of taking bread and cheese as a snack، and the lack of fruits and vegetables at home (p<0.05). The important cues to action were mothers (76.5%)، fathers (44.5%) and then health workers and teachers، respectively.

Conclusions

Barriers play an important role in nutritional behaviors. The most important barriers of having breakfast during the week in school are lack of appetite and adequate time، and on vacation، being alone.