Acknowledgements in the Civitas report are below. Many thanks are due for the time and patience of Danny Clarke, lead for substance mis-use treatment in National Offender Management Service (NOMS); Dr James Bell, Consultant Physician at the Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College Hospital; Deirdre Boyd, Laura Graham and Suzanne Gooch of the Addiction Recovery Foundation; Mike Trace, CEO of the Rehabilitation for Addicted Prisoners Trust (RAPt); Judge Justin Philips and Judge Andrew Sweet of West London Magistrates Court; David Biddle and Mark Moody at the Crime Reduction Initiative (CRI); and Colin Bradbury and Nino Maddalena of the National Treatment Agency for Substance Misuse (NTA). Thanks are also due to the many members of staff at Civitas who kindly reviewed and commented on this report at various draft stages.