SURPRISE, Ariz. -- In the spring of 1986, when Ron Washington was still a utility player for the Minnesota Twins, he was approached by Andy MacPhail, then the team's general manager, to discuss the perceived drug problem upending major league baseball. This was only one year after the infamous Pittsburgh cocaine trials and just days before baseball's commissioner, Peter Ueberroth, would order the suspensions of 11 players who had admitted to cocaine use during a grand jury investigation. As in-state newspapers at the time reported, MacPhail wanted to institute a randomized drug testing program like the one Ueberroth had already announced for non-playing baseball personnel -- everyone from managers to secretaries -- but couldn't institute for players without union consent. So MacPhail came to Washington with a bold proposal: Would he voluntarily insert a clause into his contract allowing for random urine tests?