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The emergence of the 'Third World' is generally traced to onset of the Cold War and decolonization in the 1940s and 1950s. In the 1960s and 1970s the "three worlds of development" were central to the wider dynamics of the changing international order. By the 1980s, Third Worldism had peaked entering a period of dramatic decline that paralleled the end of the Cold War. Into the 21st century, the idea of a Third World and even the pursuit of some form of Third Worldism has continued to be advocated and debated. For some it has passed into history, and may never have had as much substance as it was credited with, while others seek to retain or recuperate the Third World and give Third Worldism contemporary relevance. Beginning with a comprehensive introduction this edited volume brings together a wide range of important contributions. Collectively they offer a powerful overview from a variety of angles of the history and contemporary significance of Third Worldism in international affairs. The question remains; did the Third World exist, what was it, does it still have intellectual and political purchase or do we live in a global era that can be described as After the Third World? This book was previously published as a special issue of Third world Quarterly.

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The history of development is one marked by insecurities, violence, and persistent conflict. It is not surprising, therefore, that development is now thought of as one of the central challenges of world politics. However, its complexities are often overlooked in scholarly analysis and among policy practitioners, who tend to adopt a technocratic approach to the crisis of development and violence. This book brings together a wide range of contributions aimed at investigating different aspects of the history of development and violence, and its implications for contemporary efforts to consolidate the development-security nexus. From environmental concerns, through vigilante citizenship, to the legacies of armed conflicts during and after decolonization, the different chapters reconstruct the contradictory history of development and critically engage contemporary responses and their implications for social and political analyses. In examining violence and insecurity in relation to core organising principles of world politics the contributors engage the problems associated with the nation state and the inter-state system and underlying assumptions of the promises of progress. The book offers a range of perspectives on the contradictions of development, and on how domination, violence and resistance have been conceived. At the same time it exemplifies the relevance of alternative methodological and conceptual approaches to contemporary challenges of development. This book was published as a special issue of Third World Quarterly.

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This title was first published in 2002. Placed within the broad fields of International Relations and International Political Economyš this book specifically focuses upon the conceptual and strategic debates concerning the relationship between social movements and the politics of globalization. Outlining current theories concerning the activity and interaction of social movements and globalizationš Watson reconsiders this debate by mapping an alternative conceptual and strategic account of the politics of resistance to globalization. Considering the responses of neoliberal institutionsš the book also assesses the implications of struggles for understanding the site and nature of political power and authority in the present and future global political economy. This text is an important addition to the collections of those involved in issues that impact on international politicsš international political economyš the politics of development and democracyš third world politics and sociology.

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This text is a major intervention into a central debate in international relations: how has globalization transformed world politics? In this scholarship, the state lies at the centre; it is what politics is all about.

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This book critically examines the security-development nexus through an analysis of organised crime responses in post-conflict states. As the trend has evolved, the security-development nexus has received significant attention from policymakers as a new means to address security threats. Integrating the traditionally separate areas of security and development, the nexus has been promoted as a new strategy to achieve a comprehensive, people-centred approach. Despite the enthusiasm behind the security-development nexus, it has received significant criticism. This book investigates four tensions that influence the integration of security and development to understand why it has failed to live up to expectations. The book compares two case studies of internationally driven initiatives to address organised crime as part of post-conflict reconstruction in Sierra Leone and Bosnia. Examination of the tensions reveals that actors addressing organised crime have attempted to move away from a security approach, resulting in incipient integration between security and development, but barriers remain. Rather than discarding the nexus, this book explores its unfulfilled potential. This book will be of much interest to students of war and conflict studies, development studies, criminology, security studies and IR in general.

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The study of international relations, has traditionally been dominated by Western ideas and practices, and marginalized the voice and experiences of the non-Western states and societies. As the world moves to a "post-Western" era, it is imperative that the field of IR acquires a more global meaning and relevance. Drawing together the work of renowned scholar Amitav Acharya and framed by a new introduction and conclusion written for the volume, this book exposes the narrow meaning currently attached to some of the key concepts and ideas in IR, and calls for alternative and broader understandings of them. The need for recasting the discipline has motivated and undergirded Acharya's own scholarship since his entry into the field over three decades ago. This book reflects his own engagement, quarrels and compromise and concludes with suggestions for new pathways to a Global IR- a forward-looking and inclusive enterprise that is reflective of the multiple and global heritage of IR in an changing and interconnected world. It is essential reading for anyone who is concerned about the history, development and future of international relations and international relations theory.

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Based on the detailed examination of the history of four Mozambican rural communities and on the experience of nine years working in the country, Galli shows the capacity of the rural societies to govern the land they occupy, to control the basic aspects of their communal life and to transform their livelihoods in reponse to market opportunities across the last several hundred years and contrasts this with the attempts of those who grabbed the land, displaced its people, and then sought to remedy the consequences through centralized planning. Part Two of the book casts light upon post civil war efforts to bring governmental and rurla society into a more harmonious relationship and offers its own strategy for reanimating local life.

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The rise and fall of the Cold War coincided with the universalization and consolidation of the modern nation-state as the key unit of the wider international system. A key characteristic of the post-Cold War era, in which the US has emerged as the sole superpower, is the growing number of collapsing or collapsed states. A growing number of states are, or have become, mired in conflict or civil war, the antecedents of which are often to be found in the late-colonial and Cold War era. At the same time, US foreign policy (and the actions of other organizations such as the United Nations) may well be compounding state failure in the context of the post-9/11 Global War on Terror (GWOT) or what is also increasingly referred to as the ‘Long War’. The Long War is often represented as a ‘new’ era in warfare and geopolitics. This book acknowledges that the Long War is new in important respects, but it also emphasizes that the Long War bears many similarities to the Cold War. A key similarity is the way in which insurgency and counterinsurgency were and continue to be seen primarily in the context of inter-state rivalry in which the critical local or regional dynamics of revolution and counter-revolution are marginalized or neglected. In this context American policy-makers and their allies have again erroneously applied a ‘grand strategy’ that suits the imperatives of conventional military and geo-political thinking rather than engaging with what are a much more variegated array of problems facing the changing global order. This book provides a collection of well-integrated studies that shed light on the history and future of insurgency, counterinsurgency and collapsing states in the context of the Long War. This book was previously published as a special issue of Third World Quarterly.

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Rethinking Empowerment looks at the changing role of women in developing countries and calls for a new approach to empowerment. An approach that adopts a more nuanced, feminist interpretation of power and em(power)ment, recognises that local empowerment is always embedded in regional, national and global contexts, pays attention to institutional structures and politics and acknowledges that empowerment is both a process and an outcome. Moreover, the book warns that an obsession with measurement rather than process can undermine efforts to foster transformative and empowering outcomes. It concludes that power must be restored as the centrepiece of empowerment. Only then will the term and its advocates provide meaningful ammunition for dealing with the challenges of an increasingly unequal, and often sexist, global/local world.

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Rethinking Middle East Politics considers a range of debates on the character of political and socioeconomic development in the Middle East, focusing on the linked processes of state formation and capitalist development. Simon Bromley seeks to reformulate the central questions involved in the study of state formation. He builds a comparative framework based on an examination of key developmental processes in Turkey, Egypt, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Iran and offers a range of substantive theses on the place of democracy and Islam in the region. His findings explain a very large part of what appears to be significant in the emergence of the modern Middle East. Rethinking Middle East Politics presents a new way of analyzing politics in the Middle East, offering a perspective that has major implications for rethinking Third World politics more generally and for the social and political theory of modernity.

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What can Third World governments do in the face of the globalisation juggernaut? Khor sets out practical proposals for action both nationally and at the international level to shape globalisation to particular circumstances and priorities.

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Security has long been a central organizing concept of International Relations. Until the 1980s students of the discipline understood its simple essence in terms of the arms race and balances of power. Then, reflecting changes encouraged by both the inter-paradigm debate and the so-called third debate, security underwent radical reconsideration. The many attempts to redefine the concept led to a proliferation of terms such as true security, global security, common security and environmental security. However, these terms have often been used in confusing and contradictory ways. In attempting to help students deal with this confusion, this book outlines the theoretical tools at the disposal of students for their own rethinking of the concept of security. The book will help students wishing to seriously engage with IR's security debate at whatever level, and draws its own conclusions as part of this debate.

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With the global economy slowing, global trade negotiations currently not making sufficient progress, and the emergence of a risk of increased protectionism, the need to demonstrate the importance of trade and the positive contribution it can make to economic growth and global welfare has never been more pressing. Completing an ambitious Doha Development Agenda for the World Trade Organization (WTO) would help restore confidence in markets, as well as represent a powerful statement by members of the world trading system of their commitment to an open global economy.Given the fundamental changes under way in the global economy, however, progress on trade will require a strategy that looks beyond the Doha Round—one that rethinks the ends and means of trade policy in a more globalized world economy. Toward this end, the Government of Sweden organized a conference to elicit fresh thinking on the direction of trade policy in advance of Sweden's assumption of the European Union's presidency in July 2009. The conference, held in Washington on March 25, 2009, had three main objectives: ? assessing what changes in the structure of international trade and investment mean for the conduct of trade policy in globally integrated markets; ? exploring how trade policy and the trading system can best contribute to addressing the broader challenges the global community confronts, specifically to a reduction in global poverty and a response to global warming; and ? determining the appropriate role for the WTO and the trade regime in light of the growing debate over reforming the international economic architecture.

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This volume is devoted to critically exploring the past, present and future relevance of international law to the priorities of the countries, peoples and regions of the South. Within the limits of space it has tried to be comprehensive in scope and representative in perspective and participation. The contributions are grouped into three clusters to give some sense of coherence to the overall theme: articles by Baxi, Anghie, Falk, Stevens and Rajagopal on general issues bearing on the interplay between international law and world order; articles highlighting regional experience by An-Na’im, Okafor, Obregon and Shalakany; and articles on substantive perspectives by Mgbeoji, Nesiah, Said, Elver, King-Irani, Chinkin, Charlesworth and Gathii. This collective effort gives an illuminating account of the unifying themes, while at the same time exhibiting the wide diversity of concerns and approaches.