Friday, 30 November 2012

Source(google.com.pk) Breast Cancer Cure Biography
In findings that are fundamentally reshaping the scientific understanding of breast cancer, researchers have identified four genetically distinct types of the cancer. And within those types, they found hallmark genetic changes that are driving many cancers.
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Brandon Thibodeaux for The New York Times
Dr. Charles Perou is the lead author of the study, part of a federal project.
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Dilip Vishwanat for The New York Times
Dr. Matthew Ellis was a researcher for the study.
These discoveries, published online on Sunday in the journal Nature, are expected to lead to new treatments with drugs already approved for cancers in other parts of the body and new ideas for more precise treatments aimed at genetic aberrations that now have no known treatment.

The study is the first comprehensive genetic analysis of breast cancer, which kills more than 35,000 women a year in the United States. The new paper, and several smaller recent studies, are electrifying the field.

“This is the road map for how we might cure breast cancer in the future,” said Dr. Matthew Ellis of Washington University, a researcher for the study.

Researchers and patient advocates caution that it will still take years to translate the new insights into transformative new treatments. Even within the four major types of breast cancer, individual tumors appear to be driven by their own sets of genetic changes. A wide variety of drugs will most likely need to be developed to tailor medicines to individual tumors.

“There are a lot of steps that turn basic science into clinically meaningful results,” said Karuna Jaggar, executive director of Breast Cancer Action, an advocacy group. “It is the ‘stay tuned’ story.”

The study is part of a large federal project, the Cancer Genome Atlas, to build maps of genetic changes in common cancers. Reports on similar studies of lung and colon cancer have been published recently. The breast cancer study was based on an analysis of tumors from 825 patients.

“There has never been a breast cancer genomics project on this scale,” said the atlas’s program director, Brad Ozenberger of the National Institutes of Health.

The investigators identified at least 40 genetic alterations that might be attacked by drugs. Many of them are already being developed for other types of cancer that have the same mutations. “We now have a good view of what goes wrong in breast cancer,” said Joe Gray, a genetic expert at Oregon Health & Science University, who was not involved in the study. “We haven’t had that before.”

The study focused on the most common types of breast cancer that are thought to arise in the milk duct. It concentrated on early breast cancers that had not yet spread to other parts of the body in order to find genetic changes that could be attacked, stopping a cancer before it metastasized.

The study’s biggest surprise involved a particularly deadly breast cancer whose tumor cells resemble basal cells of the skin and sweat glands, which are in the deepest layer of the skin. These breast cells form a scaffolding for milk duct cells. This type of cancer is often called triple negative and accounts for a small percentage of breast cancer.

But researchers found that this cancer was entirely different from the other types of breast cancer and much more resembles ovarian cancer and a type of lung cancer.

“It’s incredible,” said Dr. James Ingle of the Mayo Clinic, one of the study’s 348 authors, of the ovarian cancer connection. “It raises the possibility that there may be a common cause.”

There are immediate therapeutic implications. The study gives a biologic reason to try some routine treatments for ovarian cancer instead of a common class of drugs used in breast cancer known as anthracyclines. Anthracyclines, Dr. Ellis said, “are the drugs most breast cancer patients dread because they are associated with heart damage and leukemia.”

A new type of drug, PARP inhibitors, that seems to help squelch ovarian cancers, should also be tried in basal-like breast cancer, Dr. Ellis said.

Basal-like cancers are most prevalent in younger women, in African-Americans and in women with breast cancer genes BRCA1 and BRCA2.

Two other types of breast cancer, accounting for most cases of the disease, arise from the luminal cells that line milk ducts. These cancers have proteins on their surfaces that grab estrogen, fueling their growth. Just about everyone with estrogen-fueled cancer gets the same treatment. Some do well. Others do not.

The genetic analysis divided these cancers into two distinct types. Patients with luminal A cancer had good prognoses while those with luminal B did not, suggesting that perhaps patients with the first kind of tumor might do well with just hormonal therapy to block estrogen from spurring their cancers while those with the second kind might do better with chemotherapy in addition to hormonal therapy.

In some cases, genetic aberrations were so strongly associated with one or the other luminal subtype that they appeared to be the actual cause of the cancer, said Dr. Charles Perou of the University of North Carolina, who is the lead author of the study. And he called that “a stunning finding.”

“We are really getting at the roots of these cancers,” he said.

After basal-like cancers, and luminal A and B cancers, the fourth type of breast cancer is what the researchers called HER2-enriched. Breast cancers often have extra copies of a gene, HER2, that drives their growth. A drug, Herceptin, can block the gene and has changed the prognosis for these patients from one of the worst in breast cancer to one of the best.

Yet although Herceptin is approved for every breast cancer patient whose tumor makes too much HER2, the new analysis finds that not all of these tumors are alike. The HER2-enriched should respond readily to Herceptin; the other type might not.

The only way to know is to do a clinical trial, and one is already being planned. Herceptin is expensive and can occasionally damage the heart. “We absolutely only want to give it to patients who can benefit,” Dr. Perou said.

For now, despite the tantalizing possibilities, patients will have to wait for clinical trials to see whether drugs that block the genetic aberrations can stop the cancers. And it could be a vast undertaking to get all the drug testing done. Because there are so many different ways a breast cancer cell can go awry, there may have to be dozens of drug studies, each focusing on a different genetic change.

One of Dr. Ellis’s patients, Elizabeth Stark, 48, has a basal-type breast cancer. She has gone through three rounds of chemotherapy, surgery and radiation over the past four years. Her disease is stable now and Dr. Stark, a biochemist at Pfizer, says she knows it will take time for the explosion of genetic data to produce new treatments that might help her.

Source(google.com.pk)Breast Cancer Articles Biography
Many population groups across the United States and around the world suffer disproportionately from cancer and its after-effects. Overcoming cancer health disparities is one of the best opportunities we have for lessening the burden of cancer. NCI supports research to identify and understand the factors that contribute to disparities. NCI also funds studies to develop and disseminate culturally appropriate interventions.

The Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities is the cornerstone of the NCI's efforts to reduce the unequal burden of cancer in our society. The Center is committed to improving our understanding of the causes of disparities and reducing and eliminating them.

Cancer, also called malignancy, is characterized by an abnormal growth of cells. There are more than 100 types of cancer, including breast cancer, skin cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, and lymphoma.Cancer symptoms vary widely based on the type of cancer. Cancer treatment includes chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. If you’re considering complementary treatments for cancer, discuss this with your doctor as they may interact with other cancer treatment.

Often, there are no symptoms of breast cancer, but signs of breast cancer can include a breast lump or an abnormal mammogram. Breast cancer stages range from early, curable breast cancer to metastatic breast cancer, with a variety of breast cancer treatments. There are different types of breast cancer. In addition, breast cancer in men is not uncommon and male breast cancer must be taken seriously.

Knowing that breast cancer is that the second most typical quite non-skin cancer following lung cancer and therefore the proven fact that it’s the fifth common reason behind cancer connected death it might be wise to browse on breast cancer articles to assist one’s self and to become absolutely attentive to its nature.

Gathering data regarding breast cancer isn’t laborious. One will use technology like the net to browse on BREAST CANCER ARTICLES. If web isn’t obtainable there are still different suggests that to be consciousness of the risks and dangers of breast cancer. Newspapers, magazines, tabloid, and every one over sorts of media constantly feature problems and considerations regarding it.

Why is it thus necessary to browse breast willcer articles and remember of the disease? It’s imperative as a result of the actual fact that each individual each male and feminine can suffer this type of ailment. No matter age, race or ethnicity one remains liable to it. In a very knowledge released by the yank cancer Society it shows that for the year 2009 alone an approximate variety of forty, 170 ladies are expected to die as a result of the dreadful disease. Meanwhile, 1910 cases of it also are expected to happen among men. Additionally, an estimated variety of 440 men can die in cancer.

A recent study reported that there’s a big increase in risk level for males to own it particularly to men who suffers from bone fractures that happens once the age of forty five. The study worked out that this might even be associated with the changes within the male’s estrogens and testosterone that’s related to age.

Up to the present day there are still no typical signs of tumor to detect early formation of cancer. Less common signs and symptoms of it consist of breast pain or heaviness; unrelenting changes within the breast for instance enlargement, puffiness, or redness of the breast’s skin. Some symptoms are noticed within the nipple irregularities like continuous discharge, carrying down, inversion and tenderness.

Women from across the country of all ages ought to become at home with the manifestation and therefore the feel of their breasts to become awake to any alterations and report them quickly to their doctors. After all, ladies particularly once the menopausal amount has the next risk of obtaining the disease.

At now of your time, there are no certain thanks to avert and forestall the event of it. The simplest precautionary live one will think about and follow is to understand what the danger factors that triggers it. One ought to additionally avoid gaining weight, having an excessive amount of physical activity and minimize tobacco and alcohol intake.

It is solely by being aware and receptive through reading breast cancer articles that we will equip ourselves with correct knowledge and up to now data regarding the matter.

The Most Common Cancer for ladies – Breast Cancer

breast cancer articles 2012
To have an improved understanding of your own risk profile, the varied prevention methods and also the treatment choices on the market, here may be a easy discussion of some cancers that are specific to ladies.

Breast willcer can develop in one amongst many totally different areas of the breast, as well as the ducts that carry milk to the nipple, the breast’s lobules and non-glandular tissue. Risk factors include:

- Ageing

- Having a family history of breast cancer

- Having a primary menstrual amount before age thirteen

- Drink alcohol

- Having a sedentary lifestyle

Symptoms of breast cancer embrace a lump or thickening within the breast or beneath the arm, clear or bloody discharge from the nipple, and protracted crusting or scaling of the nipple. different symptoms are inverted nipples, redness or swelling of the breast, dimpling on the breast skin resembling the feel of an orange, a modification within the contours of the breast, and a sore or ulcer on the skin of the breast that doesn’t heal.

Unfortunately, there’s no bound thanks to forestall breast cancer. However, you’ll be able to cut back your risk by avoiding smoking, exercising often, limiting alcohol consumption, and following a healthy diet. it’s additionally necessary to look at your own breast each month, have a clinical breast examination each 3 years if you’re beneath age forty and each year if you’re over forty, and have regular mammograms annually if you’re on top of forty.

Early diagnosis considerably improves that prognosis for ladies with breast cancer. If the tumour is tiny and confined to the breast, quite ninety p.c of girls survive for a minimum of 5 years when the diagnosis. However, if the disease spreads throughout the body before diagnosis, the five- year survival rate drops to but twenty p.c.

Women are suggested to be acquainted with their breasts and perform regular self-examination for early detection and treatment of breast cancer.

Dr. David A. Edwards practices Comprehensive Integrative Cancer Care Bio Health Center in Reno, Nevada. In addition to providing Homeopathic Integrative modalities for the actual cancer, comprehensive care can also be used as supplemental ("adjuvant") therapy along with conventional cancer treatments. Comprehensive Integrative Cancer therapy also includes evaluation and counseling on Nutrition for support of the immune system, and techniques from Mind-Body Medicine for healing of the body, the mind, and the deeper dimensions of Being. All of this makes up comprehensive cancer care.

Homeopathic Integrative Modalities for treating or as adjuvant treatment for the cancer

Nutritional support of Immune Function

Mind-Body Medicine for focused Self-Healing.

>The National Cancer Institute has acknowledged a combined treatment approach.

Homeopathic Integrative Modalities

Homeopathic Integrative Therapy using:

European Mistletoe Immune Stimulation Therapy

Adjuvant Ozone and/or Bio Oxidative Therapy

Detoxification

Anti-Homotoxic Therapy

Molecular Immune Therapy of Koch

Insulin Potentiation Therapy (IPT)

Nutrition

Cancer does not develop in an otherwise healthy human body, Homeopathically referred to as a "Healthy Terrain." Our solution-oriented approach to this reality includes advice about the food that you eat. There are valuable benefits for all patients from working conscientiously on the nutritional biochemistry. In addition to some basic changes in common dietary intake, we create a program of nutritional recommendations specific for our patients as individuals. These recommendations are based on testing using a personalized Metabolic Assessment that provides specific dietary do's and don'ts for you. This testing also provides guidance on optimal nutritional supplementation for you as an individual. Our clinic pharmacy offers only first quality, pharmaceutical-grade nutritional and Orthomolecular vitamin, mineral, nutraceutical, adaptogens and herbal supplements compounded exclusively for David A. Edwards MD, HMD and Bio Health Center. Many of our specific formulations were developed and designed by Dr. Edwards and are produced exclusively for Bio Health Center by Nevada licensed pharmacists. The remainder of our on site pharmacy stock comes from ethical international Nutraceutical manufacturers using our exclusive formulas and pharmaceutical grade raw materials, FDA approved ethical herbal suppliers, both U.S and international, and FDA approved, ethical American and European (German, French, Dutch, Belgian) Homeopathic pharmaceutical manufacturers.

Mind-Body Medicine

"Mens sana in corpore sano" is Latin for "A healthy mind in a healthy body." There are valuable benefits for all patients from working conscientiously on the mind-body aspect of their disease. The nutritional part targets the healthy body, and Mind-Body medicine the healthy mind and Spirit. This is a large field of endeavor, it is a very new one to most people, and it is challenging. Ongoing counseling and monitoring is provided to inspire your own participation in your personal work with these new things. Specific practices include Callahan's Thought Field Therapy (TFT), Traditional Five Element Acupuncture, and - basically - an invitation to honest introspection and decision making about the overall quality of your life, past, present and future. Mind-Body medicine is profoundly solution-oriented. In the face of serious illness, the ultimate challenge facing you is to discover that power within you to transform your own experience of living... and even of Life itself.

Homeopathic Medicine

In Homeopathic Integrative therapy, the tumor or seed and the patient terrain or soil in which the tumor grows and spreads are equally important in treatment and prevention. Correcting acid-base pH, metabolic and Oxidative imbalances and strengthening the Terrain is as important in the Homeopathic approach as treating the cancer itself. Homeopathic Cancer therapy also follows the European approach of enhancing natural immune defenses using Detoxification, Nutrition and Metabolic Support to stimulate self-healing. Comprehensive Homeopathic Integrative Cancer therapy also focuses on "debulking" the tumor mass whenever possible, but Nutrition Support (Diet, Enzymes, Vitamins), Immune Support (Ozone, Herbs, Orthomoleculars), Regulation Support of the Neuro-Endocrine-Vegetative body systems (Acupuncture, Bio-Resonance Feedback, Thought Field Therapy), Spiritual Support, Metabolic Support (Insulin, Oxidative methods, Orthomolecular, Poly MVA DNA reductace) and Detoxification (Acupuncture, Herbs, Chelation therapy, Homeopathics, etc.) are also used. In Homeopathic Integrative Medicine the Person as well as the "dis-ease" is treated. Support, treatment and future prevention are the goals at Bio Health Center.

Comprehensive Homeopathic Integrative cancer care is more than just what the doctor does - be it Homeopathy, surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy. It is these additional things too. Whole person health care, a trusting physician-patient partnership, and the cutting edge technologies of Comprehensive Cancer Care - highlighted by non-toxic Homeopathic Integrative therapies - are offered at Bio Health Center for enhanced personal health care choice. Responsibility - "response-ability" - is a key word in your work. We feel confident in our ability to respond to your Health and Medical care needs. And we pray for you to feel that fire in your heart - the mark of your own desire, and your ability to respond... to take "response-ability" for your health and medical care.

It is well know in science that anyone who survives one cancer is 200 times more likely to develop a second cancer then someone who has never had cancer. Standard follow-up cancer care focuses on detecting recurrences and not on active prevention. A Homeopathic Integrative approach provides additional preventive choices. By integrating time-tested and multi-cultural based forms of Homeopathic Integrative cancer care the patient is actively involved in decision making and has the advantage of wider choices for prevention and support... and at Bio Health Center, we believe it is All about your personal health care choice.

The treatment options for your bone cancer are based on the type of cancer you have, the stage of the cancer, your overall health and your preferences. Bone cancer treatment typically involves surgery, chemotherapy, radiation or a combination of treatments.

Surgery
The goal of surgery is to remove the entire bone cancer. To accomplish this, doctors remove the tumor and a small portion of healthy tissue that surrounds it. Types of surgery used to treat bone cancer include:

Surgery to remove a limb. Bone cancers that are large or located in a complicated point on the bone may require surgery to remove all or part of a limb (amputation). As other treatments have been developed, this procedure is becoming less common. You'll likely be fitted with an artificial limb after surgery and will go through training to learn to do everyday tasks using your new limb.
Surgery to remove the cancer, but spare the limb. If a bone cancer can be separated from nerves and other tissue, the surgeon may be able to remove the bone cancer and spare the limb. Since some of the bone is removed with the cancer, the surgeon replaces the lost bone with some bone from another area of your body or with a special metal prosthesis.
Surgery for cancer that doesn't affect the limbs. If bone cancer occurs in bones other than those of the arms and legs, surgeons may remove the bone and some surrounding tissue, such as in cancer that affects a rib, or may remove the cancer while preserving as much of the bone as possible, such as in cancer that affects the spine. Bone removed during surgery can be replaced with a piece of bone from another area of the body or with a special metal prosthesis.
Radiation therapy
Radiation therapy uses high-powered beams of energy, such as X-rays, to kill cancer cells. During radiation therapy, you lie on a table while a special machine moves around you and aims the energy beams at precise points on your body.

Radiation therapy may be used in people with bone cancer that can't be removed with surgery. Radiation therapy may also be used after surgery to kill any cancer cells that may be left behind. For people with advanced bone cancer, radiation therapy may help control signs and symptoms, such as pain.

Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is a drug treatment that uses chemicals to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy is most often given through a vein (intravenously). The chemotherapy medications travel throughout your body.

Chemotherapy alone or combined with radiation therapy is often used before surgery to shrink a bone cancer to a more manageable size that allows the surgeon to perform a limb-sparing surgery. Chemotherapy may also be used in people with bone cancer that has spread beyond the bone to other areas of the body.

Cancers can be discovered in bones in a number of different circumstances. When cancer is located in the bones, it is important to differentiate whether this cancer has spread from another site to the bones or whether the cancer originated in the bone tissue itself. This distinction is important not only for the sake of correct terminology, but also to accurately determine which treatment options are appropriate.

There are more than 100 types of cancer, and each cancer type is named for the organ or tissue in which it begins. When cancer cells spread, they may travel via the lymphatic channels to lymph nodes, or they may enter the bloodstream and travel to other organs or locations in the body that are distant from the site of the original, or primary, tumor. It is not unusual for cancers that originate in other parts of the body to spread to the bones and begin growing there. Certain types of cancers are particularly likely to spread to the bones. Cancers that commonly metastasize, or spread, to the bones include breast cancer, lung cancer, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, and cancers of the kidney.

It is important to note that when these other types of cancer spread to the bone, they are still named for the tissue or organ where they arose and are not termed "bone" cancer. For example, breast cancer that has spread to the bones is referred to as metastatic breast cancer and not bone cancer.

In contrast to cancers which have spread to the bone, true bone cancers are tumors that arise from the tissues of the bones. These cancers, called primary bone cancers, are quite rare in comparison to cancers that have spread to the bones.

True bone cancer affects over 2,000 people in the United States each year. It is found most often in the bones of the arms and legs, but it can occur in any bone. Children and young people are more likely than adults to develop bone cancer. The symptoms of bone cancer tend to develop slowly and depend on the type, location, and size of the tumor. Pain is the most frequent symptom of bone cancer, but sometimes a lump on the bone can be felt through the skin.

Bone cancers are known as sarcomas. There are several types of sarcomas of bone, depending upon the kind of bone tissue where the tumor developed. The most common types of primary bone cancer are osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and chondrosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma usually occurs between ages 10 and 25 and is more common in males than in females. Osteoosarcoma is most commonly found in the long bones of the arms or legs. Ewing's sarcoma is a tumor most commonly seen in people between 10 and 25 years of age that develops in the shaft (middle portion) of large bones, such as the hip bones, the long bones of the legs and upper arms, and the ribs. Chondrosarcoma is the bone tumor that is found mainly in adults. Chondrosarcoma arises from cartilage, the tissue located around the joints. Other, more rare types of bone cancer include fibrosarcoma, malignant giant cell tumor, and chordoma.

The treatment and prognosis of bone cancer depend upon multiple factors including the type and extent of the cancer, the patient's age and overall health status. Bone cancer may be treated with surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these. Treatment for cancer that has spread to the bones (metastatic cancer) depends on the type of cancer (the tissue where the cancer started) and the extent of the spread.

Finally, another type of cancer can arise from blood cells produced in the bone marrow. Leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma are cancers that arise from these cells. These are referred to as hematologic malignancies (cancers of blood cells) and are not types of bone cancer.

Sally Armstrong, author of Veiled Threat: The Hidden Power of the Women of Afghanistan

“... a gift of hope ...”
– Maureen Manningham, Breast Cancer Action

Nicole phoned very early one morning from her hospital bed. It was still dark, a February darkness that held no promise of spring, or even of light.

“I've joined your club, Pen,” she said.

The club, of course, was breast cancer, a club that is becoming less and less exclusive. It will accept anyone as a member, and not one, not a single one, ever wanted to join.

Breast Cancer: Biography of an Illness is a book for women diagnosed with breast cancer who suddenly find themselves facing a multitude of personal decisions – and for anyone who has been touched by the malevolent mystery of the disease. A breast cancer survivor herself, Penelope Williams has filled this gritty, honest book with information, research, stories, and hard-won personal insights so crucial to living with – and living past – breast cancer.