Minnesota Muskies, ABA (1967-69) - played some home games in Duluth, moved
to Miami

Minnesota Nationals, USHL (1967-68)

Minnesota New Fighting Saints, WHA (1976-77) - moved from Cleveland

Minnesota Norsemen, APSPL (1978-79)

Minnesota North Stars, NHL (1967-93) - moved to Dallas, in 1991 franchise
split into the San Jose Sharks - team stayed in Minnesota, in 1978 merged
with the Cleveland Barons franchise - team stayed in Minnesota

The Grays, CanAm2 (2005) - replacement team for Bangor who folded three
weeks prior to opening day

Toronto, OSHL (2004)

WPSL All-Stars, WPSL (2001)

WPSL Gold, WPSL (2001)

Zulu Cannibal Giants, IT (1934-37) - black baseball

LOCATIONS UNKNOWN

Oh, why do teams name themselves after the states (or regions) they're
based in, instead of the cities. It can really mess a guy like me up when
they do so. If you have any information on the following teams, please
e-mail it to me.

American FC, LSSA (1992)

Cape Fear Thunder, WPFL (2005- )

Connecticut, IFF (mid 1990's) - LDNP

Farm Crest, MOHA (1934-35)

Florida, IFL (1990's) - LDNP

Fox Valley Astros, USHL (1965-66)

Frankfort Falcons, ACFL (1962)

Fraser Valley Venom, CRSL (2003-05)

Gold Coast, EBA (1975-76)

Havana Red Sox, IT (1917) - black baseball

Jersey Shore Bucs, USBL (1988)

Mid American Buzzards, EIFL (2007- ) - will play in Illinois

Millville Glass Blowers, NBL (1899-1902, 03-04)

Missouri Avengers, WPFL (2004)

Nebraska, IFL (1990's) - LDNP

New Hampshire Ramblers, USL2 (1995) - moved from Montreal

Oakland Capps, ConBA (1973-74)

Ohio, IFL (1990's) - LDNP

Oregon Thunder, IWFL (2002)

St. Bridgets Biddies, NBL (1903-04)

San Fernando Valley Golden Eagles, USL2 (1995-98)

Southern Crescent Lightning, WorBA (2004-05)

Stars of Cuba, IT (1910) - black baseball

Tennessee, IFL (1990's) - LDNP

Texas Thunder, APFL (2004)

The Academy, CRSL (2002)

Tool Shop, USHL (1935-36)

Twin City Sailors, NABL (1964-67)

U.S. Nationals, USHL (1966-67)

Valley Venom, CRSL (1999-2002) - changed name to Fraser Valley Venom

West Virginia Wizards, PIFL (1998)

FOREIGN TEAMS

Some professional leagues that have operated in North America (or in many
cases) planned to operate in North America, had (or planned to have) franchises
on other continents. Those franchises will be listed here.