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Medical Terminology

Diseases and Disorders

Fixation of the vertebrae with fibrous tissue causing loss of movement

ANKYLOSIS

Immobilisation and solidification of a joint

ARTHRITIS

Inflammation of a joint

ARTHRODYNIA

Pain in a joint

BURSIITIS

Inflammation of the pad of synovial membrane protecting a bone nere the surface of the body eg the elbow or knee

CALLUS

An outgrowth of partly bony tissue produced in the body's process of the mending of bones

EXOSTOSIS

An overgrowth of bone

GENU VAIGUM

Knock knee

GENU VARUM

Bow legged

HALLUX VALGUS

Bunion/deviation of the large toe joint

KYPHOSIS

Hunchback/excessive curvature of the thoracic vertebrae

LORDOSIS

'Sway back'/excessive inward curvature of the lumbar spine

LUXATION

Complete dislocation of a joint

OSTEOARTHRITIS

Degenerative disease of ageing-large joints of knee, hip etc

OSTEOMA

Tumour of bone

OSTEOMALACIA

Rickets-softening of bone due to lack of Vitimin D and deposit of calcium salts

OSTEOMYELITIS

Inflammation of the bone marrow

OSTEOPOROSIS

Brittle bones due to ageing and lack of oestrogen hormone which affects the ability to deposit calcium in the matrix of the bone

POLYARTHRITIS

Arthritis involving many joints

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Disease causing inflammation of small joints, usually hands and feet

SCOLLOSIS

A lateral S-shaped deformity of the vertebrae

SPINA BIFIDA

Failure of the spinous processes to unite in fetal development, causing various degrees of deformity, with or without the meninges (covering of spinal cord) and/or spinal cord protuding through to the surface of the body

SPONDYLITIS

Inflammation of one or more vertebrae

SPONDYLOSIS

Degenerative disease of the spine,crumbling occurs

STILL'S DISEASE

A form of rheumatoid polyarthritis in children

ADENOMA

Tumour of a gland

BENIGN

Favourable for recovery, opposite of malignant

CHONDROMA

Benign tumour of cartilage

CHONDROSARCOMA

Malignant tumour of cartilage and bone

CONTUSION

Bleeding beneath the skin (bruise)

EMBOLISM

Obstruction of a blood vessel by a detached, travelling paricle of blood, fat or air

EMBOLUS

Blood clot,fat or air detached from another place and travelling in the blood steam

EPITHELIOMA

Tumour of epithelial tissue (lining and covering organs), e.g. of the epidermis

FIBROMA

Formation of fibrous tissue

FIBROSIS

Formation of scar tissue

HAEMATOMA

Swelling containing blood

ISCHAEMIA

Deficiency of blood supply to a part

KELOID SCAR

Abnormal overgrowth of fibrous tissue in the healing of a wound

LESION

Morbid (abnormal) change in the tissue

LIPOMA

Tumour composed of fat

MALIGNANT

Virulent/dangerous, likely to have a fatal outcome (disease or tumour)