This paper presents recommendations about measures for assessing cognitive and social-emotional outcomes of children in Chapter 1 preschool and kindergarten programs. Section I explains the purpose and design of the study, giving special attention to the Chapter 1 substudy. Section II covers critical issues related to cognitive and social-emotional outcomes that will be measured as part of the substudy. Section III reviews basic considerations guiding the selection of measurement instruments and the supporting rationale. Section IV outlines the review process, summarizes criteria used in the review of instruments, and summarizes distinguishing characteristics of instruments that meet the criteria. Recommendations for instruments to be used in the study, and the rationale and description of necessary adaptations of one instrument, are included in Section V. Appendix A contains a summary of outcome measures and instruments used in large-scale studies in early childhood and recent state and local studies. Included in Appendix B is a preliminary screening of all candidate instruments. Appendix C includes profiles of instruments that meet preliminary criteria, while Appendix D includes a summary of responses to interviews with Chapter 1 program staff at the state and local levels regarding objectives, instructional approaches, and use of test instruments in Chapter 1 preschool programs. (RH)