There have been geomagnetic and seismological observatories at Heard Island and Wilkes in the past, ... closed to open up new observatories at Mawson and at Casey.

The geophysical observatories are part of a global network. Contact Geoscience Australia for data.

Further information in the other metadata records related to this project.

The data can be accessed from Geoscience Australia's website via the urls below.

The geomagnetic elements X, Y and Z are the components of the vector field in the Geographic North, Geographic East and Vertical directions. They are in a cartesian coordinate system. The magnetic field is completely defined by three independent components such as X,Y and Z. It can also be expressed in polar coordinates as D,F,I where D is the declination, I is the inclination and F is the magnitude of the vector field. There is one other component used: H. This is the horizontal component. H,D and Z or D,H and F are also commonly used to define the magnetic field.