Annexation

Antarctica

In the early decades of the 20th century seven nations, Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, Great Britain, New Zealand, and Norway announced territorial claims to parts of Antarctica. In 1961 the Antarctic Treaty was signed by these nations and others and these territorial claims put aside in the interests of international cooperation in scientific research. The US does not recognize any territorial claims on it by any country.

Balkanization

Border Landscape

There are two types, exclusionary and inclusionary. Exclusionary is meant to keep people out, such as the border between the U.S. and Mexico. Inclusionary is meant to facilitate trade and movement, such as the U.S.-Canada border

Allocational Boundary Dispute

Antecedent Boundary

A political boundary that existed before the cultural landscape emerged and stayed in place while people moved in to occupy the surrounding area. An example is the 49th parallel boundary, dividing the United States and Canada between the Pacific Ocean and Lake of the Woods in northernmost Minnesota.

Confederation

Conference of Berlin

1884-85 regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period, and was a meeting of 14 mostly European countries on how to divided up Africa amongst themselves disregarding African input or ethnic groups

Domino Theory

EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone)

As established in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, a zone of exploitation extending 200 nautical miles (370km) seaward from a coastal state that has exclusive mineral and fishing rights over it.

European Union

Federal

A political-territorial system where a central government represents the various entities within a nation-state where they have common interests-defense, foreign affairs, and the like-yet allows these various entities to retain their own identities and to have their own laws, policies, and customs in certain spheres.

Irredentism

Israel/ Palestine

This land was given to the Jews after WWII but the Muslims were already living there, so they felt like the land was being taken away from them. Today, the land is called Israel but Palestinians have control of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

Self-Determination

Shatterbelt

A large, strategically located region that is occupied by a number of conflicting states and is caught between the conflicting interests of adjoining Great Powers; a zone of chronic political splintering and fracturing. Such as Israel

Theocracy

Treaty Ports

Cities opened to foreign residents as a result of the forced treaties between the Qing Empire and foreign signatories. In the treaty ports, foreigners enjoyed extraterritoriality., It was the name given to the port cities in China, Japan, and Korea that were opened to foreign trade by the Unequal Treaties.