Nationwide unrest is at its worst level since 2008, with the UN saying more than 2,500 people have died from April through June, as Iraq grapples with a protracted political deadlock and months of protests by the Sunni Arab minority.

No group immediately claimed responsibility for the attacks, but most of the violence struck Shiite targets.

Tuesday’s deadliest violence struck the capital, with several car bombs ripping through markets, mostly in Shiite areas of Baghdad, where 32 people were killed, according to security and medical officials.

“I was watching TV and then I heard a very loud explosion,” said Ahmed Ibrahim, a day labourer whose apartment balcony was completely destroyed by the nearby car bomb in Kamiliyah, where pools of blood had formed on the ground.

“Most people fled the scene, they were afraid of a second car bomb,” he said, referring to a common militant tactic to target onlookers in an effort to maximise casualties. “God will take revenge on those who attacked us,” the 31-year-old said. “Those who did this are terrorists, they are not Muslims, they are unbelievers.”

Car bombs also went off in the predominantly Shiite southern cities of Basra, Amara and Samawa, leaving a total of three people dead and nearly 50 more wounded. Shootings elsewhere in the capital killed four more people, while bombings in the restive northern cities of Kirkuk and Mosul left one person dead and three wounded.

The violence comes a day after a series of attacks north of Baghdad left 45 people dead, including 23 killed when a suicide bomber blew himself up in the middle of a funeral taking place inside a Shiite religious hall.

The United Nations has said that more than 2,500 people were killed in a surge of violence from April through June.

Figures compiled by AFP, meanwhile, showed the death toll from April through June was more than twice that of the first three months of the year.

Attacks in recent months have targeted a wide cross-section of Iraqi society — government targets and security forces were hit by car bombs, mosques were struck by suicide attackers, anti-Qaeda militiamen were shot dead, and Iraqis watching and playing football were killed by blasts.