A boy diagnosed with hydrocephalus cries on a bed at Cure Children's Hospital on February 5, 2017 in Mbale, Uganda. Hydrocephalus is a condition in which an excess of cerebral fluid accumulates in the brain. The condition, which can be extremely fatal left untreated, causes a harmful amount of pressure on the head and a increase head size.

A nurse checks on Shakira, 2, who returned after a procedure to relieve pressure failed, at Cure Hospital on February 6, 2017 in Mbale, Uganda. Sub-Saharan Africa has only one neurosurgeon for every 10 million people; in the United States and Britain, there is one surgeon for every 100,000 people. People from a number of African countries travel to Mbale for treatment.

A mother breastfeeds her son at Cure Hospital on February 5, 2017 in Mbale, Uganda. There are an estimated 400,000 cases of hydrocephalus in the world every year; more than 300,000 of them are in developing nations, and 90% will be fatal without surgery.

Amina Naikjoba sits with her son Pongo, 3, at Cure Children's Hospital on February 6, 2017 in Mbale, Uganda. Pongo developed an infection associated with the shunt in his head following treatment for Hydrocephalus.

Mothers gather with their children on the compound of Cure Hospital on February 4, 2017 in Mbale, Uganda. Some mothers are repeat visitors to this hospital and have returned because of an infection or a problem with a shunt in their child’s head. One woman said fellow villagers thought she had practiced witchcraft after her baby was born with such a deformity.