A Flawed Peace Chapter 13-4.

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2 Learning targets I can……………………..7. Explain the terms of the Treaty of Versailles8. Discuss the reaction of both the U.S. and European governments to the Treaty of Versailles.9. Describe the purpose of the League of Nations.10. Explain the reasons the U.S. refused to enter into the League of Nations.11. Evaluate the effectiveness of the League of Nations and The Treaty of Versailles.

9 Wilson’s Plan for PeaceWilson did not want to heavily punish Germany, the allied did.Wilson proposes Fourteen Points—an outline for lasting world peace.Calls for free trade and an end to alliances and military buildupsPromotes self-determination—right of people to govern their own nationEnvisions international peace-keeping body to settle world disputes (League of Nations)

10 Fourteen Points End of secret treaties Freedom of the seas Free tradeArms reductionsAdjustment of colonial claimsSettlement of questions regarding Russian territoryRestoration of BelgiumRestoration of France’s territories including Alsace-LorraineReadjustment of Italy’s bordersPeoples of Austria-Hungary given self-determinationSerbia given access to the sea and can join with other Balkan states (Yugoslavia created).Turkish portion of Ottoman empire sovereign, but other portions given self-determination. Dardanelles open to as shipping passage to all nations.Independent PolandLeague of Nations

11 The League of NationsThe U.S. Senate refused to ratify the agreement because it feared it would lead the U.S. into future conflict.As a result the League of Nations was weak and did not prevent WWII.As a result, the U.S. also did not sign the Treaty of Versailles.

12 The Versailles TreatyBritain and France oppose Wilson’s ideas and want to punish Germany.Allies and Germany sign an accord—the Treaty of Versailles—in June 1919.Creates League of Nations—international organization to keep peace.Blames Germans for war, forces Germany to pay damages (reparations) to nations.League to rule German colonies until deemed ready for independence.

16 New European Countries Post World War IFinland-land lost by RussiaEstonia-land lost by RussiaLatvia-land lost by RussiaLithuania-land lost by RussiaPoland-restored from land lost by Germany and RussiaCzechoslovakiaAustriaHungaryRomania-gained landYugoslavia

18 “A Peace Build on Quicksand”Treaty of Versailles creates feelings of bitterness on both sidesGerman people feel bitter and betrayed after taking blame for warAmerica never ratifies Treaty of VersaillesMany Americans oppose League of Nations and involvement with EuropeSome former colonies express anger over not winning independenceJapan, Italy criticize agreement; gain less land than they want

19 Impact of the Treaty of VersaillesIt led to a spirit of revenge for Germany.Japan and others were angered at not receiving consideration.War would not be prevented and would in fact lead to WWII.