In 1938, groundbreaking for the Jefferson Memorial took place in Washington.

In 1961, former Nazi official Adolf Eichmann was sentenced to death by an Israeli court for crimes against humanity.

In 2011, the flag used by US forces in Iraq was lowered in a low-key Baghdad airport ceremony marking the end of a war that had left 4,500 Americans and 110,000 Iraqis dead and cost more than $800 billion. British-born author Christopher Hitchens, 62, died in Houston.