The study tested whether providing post-employment services and supportive service payments helped working individuals who recently left the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program keep their jobs, stay off TANF, and find jobs with better pay, hours, benefits, and career advancement opportunities. The study assessed the implementation and two-year impacts of the Post-Assistance Self-Sufficiency (PASS) program in Riverside County, California. PASS included: case management; counseling and mentoring; reemployment activities; life skills workshops; referrals to education and training slots; arranging supportive service payments; and referrals to social service programs as requested by clients. TANF participants were randomly assigned to either PASS program group or to a control group who received regular TANF services.

Over the two-year follow-up period, PASS group members worked more consistently than control group members. The PASS program produced substantial increases in total earnings. PASS produced increases in employment and earnings primarily by increasing the proportion of sample members who found a subsequent job and there is no evidence that the program affected public assistance receipt during its first year. Substantial earnings impacts translated into increases in total income.

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