Strength athletes who use AAS show significantly different cardiac dimensions and biventricular systolic dysfunction and impaired ventricular inflow as compared to non-athletes and non-AAS-using strength athletes. Increased ventricular volume and mass did not exceed that of strength-endurance athletes. These findings may help raise awareness of the consequences of AAS use.

a Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlandsb Department of Rehabilitation, Nursing Science and Sports, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlandsc Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlandsd Department of Cardiology, Central Military Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlandse Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Received 12 July 2011. Revised 5 October 2011. Accepted 3 March 2012. Available online 27 March 2012.

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