Book Review Photochemistry in Microheterogeneous Systems. By K. Kalyanasundaram

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ered in the very short paragraph “laser surface chemistry”.
All in all this book presents a laser chemistry survey
which can only be recommended to the reader with some
reservation.
Karl-Ludwig Kompa [NB 862 IE]
Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik,
Garching (FRG)
Photochemistry in Microheterogeneous Systems. By K .
Kalyanasundaram. Academic Press, New York 1987. xii,
388 pp., bound, $ 49.95.--ISBN 0-12-394995-5
After the many review articles on photochemical processes in microheterogeneous systems which have appeared
recently, but have mainly treated special aspects, a general
survey of this extensive field can only be welcomed. Further, in K. Kalyanasundaram the publishers have engaged
the services of an experienced and competent author for
this monograph.
Studies on photoreactions in microheterogeneous systems have generally been motivated by a combination of
two factors: firstly, photochemical studies provide a
uniquely powerful probe for investigating the static and
dynamic properties of microheterogeneous systems, and
secondly experiments in an organized reaction medium
yield especially valuable information about the mechanism
of such photoreactions. These two aspects of the motivation for research in this field also determine the topics covered in the book reviewed here, whose main themes are
micellar systems and microemulsions (4 chapters), lipids,
vesicles and liposomes, monolayers, lipid membranes and
liquid crystalline systems, polymers, polyelectrolytes and
ion-exchange membranes, inclusion complexes, and surfaces (one chapter each).
A concise but quite adequate introduction serves to familiarize even non-specialists with the many different
types of microheterogeneous systems, with the fundamentals of photochemistry, and with some of the most frequently studied photoreactions. Considerable space (about
a third of the book) is devoted to photophysical processes
and photoreactions in micelles. The author has himself
made many contributions to research on this first topic,
and is therefore well able to give a comprehensive and authoritative review. This includes separate chapters on singlet and triplet processes. The next chapter describes reac-
tions of photochemically generated radical pairs, with the
main emphasis on cage effects, isotope effects and magnetic field effects, together with fragmentation and cycloaddition reactions. Another chapter deals with photochemical processes and reactions in reverse micelles and
microemulsions.
The following chapter describes the special properties of
vesicles and liposomes. Here again the author deals in turn
with singlet processes, the dynamics of exciplex and excimer formation, and energy and charge transfer phenomena. The subject of the next chapter is highly ordered systems such as monolayers, black lipid membranes and liquid crystals. Particular attention is given to energy and
electron transfer processes, isomerizations, dimerizations
and photochemical fragmentation processes, and photoreactions of metalloporphyrins. The next chapter deals
with polymers in solution, polyelectrolytes and ion exchange membranes; these large topics can only be treated
in a selective way here. Here too the main emphasis is on
studies of the dynamic properties of the systems.
In contrast to micelles, inclusion compounds, for example, cyclodextrins, zeolites, crown ethers and cryptates
have well-defined molecular dimensions. For this reason
these systems have also become increasingly important in
recent years in investigations of selective photochemical
processes. Especially detailed studies have been made o n
cyclodextrins and zeolites, and these are therefore given
most space in this chapter. The final chapter discusses
photochemical processes and reactions involving molecules adsorbed on colloidal S O z , colloidal clays, silica gel,
porous vypor glass, and aluminum oxide surfaces. The distribution and the degree of local organization of the adsorbed species greatly influence the reaction behavior, as
does the limited diffusion which occurs in the surface
layer. For reasons of space it has not been possible to include heterogeneous photocatalysis and colloidal semiconductor systems.
The book is written in a clear style. Each chapter concludes with a comprehensive bibliography, thus enabling
the reader to study topics in greater depth. A further useful
feature is that the appendix includes an updated bibliography for work published in 1985. The book can be recommended to anyone seeking a survey of the present situation
in this area of research.
Jochen Mattay [NB 878 IE]
Institut fur Organische Chemie
der Technischen Hochschule Aachen (FRG)
Regmered timies. rradernarks. erc w e d in rhispurnal, euen whe,, nor marked as such. are nor lo be consrdered tinprorecred b) f a n .
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Angew. Chem. Inr. Ed. Engl. 27 (1988) No. 5