(a) To Whom AllowedAgainst Whom Assessed. In all civil cases, except as otherwise provided by law, if an appeal is dismissed, costs shall be taxed against the appellant unless otherwise agreed by the parties or ordered by the court; if a judgment is affirmed, costs shall be taxed against the appellant unless otherwise ordered; if a judgment is reversed, costs shall be taxed against the appellee unless otherwise ordered; and if a judgment is affirmed or reversed in part, or is vacated, costs shall be allowed only as ordered by the court.Unless the law provides or the court orders otherwise:

(1) If an appeal is dismissed, costs are taxed against the appellant, unless the parties agree otherwise.

(2) If a judgment is affirmed, costs are taxed against the appellant.

(3) If a judgment is reversed, costs are taxed against the appellee.

(4) If a judgment is affirmed in part, reversed in part, modified, or vacated, costs are taxed only as the court orders.

(b) [Reserved for Future Use].

(c) [Reserved for Future Use].

(d) [Reserved for Future Use].

(e) Costs on Appeal in Civil Cases Taxable in the TrialDistrict Court. Costs incurred in the preparation and transmission of the record, the costs of the reporter's transcript, if necessary for the determination of the appeal, the premiums paid for costs of supersedeas bonds or other bonds to preserve rights pending appeal, the reasonable and necessary costs of preparing briefs under the rules (presumed to be $100.00 for appellant's brief and $75.00 for appellee's brief), and the fee for filing the notice of appeal shall be taxed in the trial court as costs of the appeal in favor of the party entitled to costs under this rule.The following costs on appeal are taxable in the district court for the benefit of the party entitled to costs:

(1) The preparation and transmission of the record.

(2) The reporter's transcript, if necessary to determine the appeal.

(3) Premiums paid for a supersedeas bond or other bond to preserve rights pending appeal.

(4) The reasonable and necessary costs of preparing briefs (presumed to be $100.00 for appellant's brief and $75 for appellee's brief).

(5) The fee for filing the notice of appeal.

(f) Costs Taxable in the Supreme Court.

(1) Taxable. In original proceedings before the court, costs as applicable in (e) aboveunder subdivision (e) may be taxed by the clerk of the supreme court in favor of the party entitled to costs.

(g)(2) Execution for Costs Taxable in the Supreme Court. An execution signed by the clerk of the supreme court may issue upon direction of the supreme court to enforce any judgment for costs made and entered in a case which originated in thatan original proceeding before the court. The execution may issue and be directed to the marshal, or to the sheriff of any county, and may be enforced in any county in the state in which a transcript of the judgment for costs is filed and docketed.

(h)(g) Costs on Appeal ofin Criminal Actions. Costs incurred in the appeal of a criminal action shallmay be taxed in the trialdistrict court only upon motion of a party to the appeal and order of the supreme court.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

Rule 39 was amended, effective .

Although derived from Fed.R.App.P. 39, this rule is revised to simplify taxation of costs in the appellate court and the trialdistrict court. It provides for taxation of all costs by the clerk of the trialdistrict court, except in proceedings initiated in the Supreme Courtsupreme court. Because it is assumed that the usual case will involve typewritten papers, a presumed cost figure for briefs is inserted in paragraph (e)(4) for convenience in assessing costs. This would ordinarily include the cost of the appendix.

Subdivision (g)Paragraph (f)(2) generally restates N.D.C.C. § 28-31-11, which has been superseded and deleted from the century code. It provides a method for execution on a judgment for costs incurred in an action originating in the Supreme Courtsupreme court.

If costs are not to be assessed as specified in this rulesubdivision (a), the Supreme Courtsupreme court must enter an appropriate order, either in the decision or in the mandate, and any action by the clerk of the Supreme Courtsupreme court in striking cost provisions out of the mandate form constitutes a constructive order that costs are not to be allowed to either party. State v. Hagge, 231 N.W.2d 773 (N.D. 1975).

The mandate form used by the Supreme Courtsupreme court is signed by the Chief Justicechief justice and contains a form provision for awarding costs. If costs on appeal are not awarded the form provisions are crossed out by the clerk and, if costs are awarded, the party receiving costs is designated by the clerk. The action by the clerk and the signature by the Chief Justice ischief justice are under the direction of the entire court.

Rule 39 was amended, effective , in response to the December 1, 1998, amendments to Fed.R.App.P. 39. The language and organization of the rule were changed to make the rule more easily understood and to make style and terminology consistent throughout the rules.