The first two functions contain the parsing logic, and make use of scientific for parsing numerical data in scientific notation.

Naming convention

We follow the MatrixMarket format definitions, by which a "Matrix" is sparse and stored in coordinate format (row, column, entry), whereas an "Array" is a dense grid of numbers, stored in column-oriented form.
Algebraic vectors, such as the right-hand sides of equation systems, are stored as n-by-1 Arrays.