EnlightenmentJohn Locke (August 29, 1632- October 28, 1704) was a British philosopher. Locke is considered the first of the British Empiricists, but is equally important to social contract theory. His ideas had enormous influence on the development of epistemology and political philosophy, and he is widely regarded as one of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers and contributors to liberal theory. His writings influenced Voltaire and Rousseau, many Scottish Enlightenment thinkers, as well as the American Revolutionaries. This influence is reflected in the American Declaration of Independence. Locke’s theory of mind is often cited as the origin for modern conceptions of identify and “the self”, figuring prominently in the later works of philosophers such as David Hume, Jean –Jacques Rousseau and Immanuel Kant. Locke was the first philosopher to define the self through a continuity of “consciousness”. He also postulated that the mind was a “blank slate” or “tabula rasa”; that is, contrary to Cartesian or Christian philosophy, Locke maintained that people are born without innate ideas. He writes A Letter Concerning Toleration (1689), Two Treatises of Government (1689), An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690), and Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1695). Charles de Secondat, Baron of Montesquieu (January 18, 1689 in Bordeaux-February 10, 1755), was a French social commentator and political thinker who lived during the Era of the Enlightenment. He is famous for his articulation of the theory of separation of powers, taken for granted in modern discussions of government and implented in many constitutions throughout the world. He was largely responsible for the popularization of the terms feudalism and Byzantine Empire. He writes The Spirit of the Laws (1748), System of Ideas (1716), and Persian Letters (1721). Francois- Marie Arouet(21 November 1694-30 May 1778),better known by the pen name Voltaire, was a French Enlightenment writer,essayist,deist...

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...﻿Question 2
(Suggested time—40 minutes. This question counts for one-third of the total essay section score.)
The two passages below are from Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother (2011) by Amy Chua. Read the passage carefully. Then, in a well-developed essay, analyze the rhetorical strategies Chua uses to compare the personality of her older daughter to the personality of her younger daughter. Support your analysis with specific references to the text.
SOPHIA LULU
…From the moment Sophia was born, she displayed a rational temperament and exceptional powers of concentration. She got those qualities from her father. As an infant Sophia quickly slept through the night, and cried only if it achieved a purpose. I was struggling to write a law article at the time -- I was on leave from my Wall Street law firm and desperate to get a teaching job so I wouldn’t have to go back -- and at two months Sophia understood this. Calm and contemplative, she basically slept, ate, and watched me have writer’s block until she was a year old…
What this meant was that every moment Sophia was at the piano, I was there with her, and I was being educated too…
With me at her side, Sophia practiced at least ninety minutes every day, including weekends. On lesson days, we practiced twice as long. I made Sophia memorize everything, even if it wasn’t required, and I never paid her a penny. That’s how we blasted through those Suzuki books…
In retrospect these...

...Question1
As an American teenager having my phone glued to my hand seems like the most natural thing in the world, though I know my parents and teachers hate it because I constantly ignore them, and instead am focused on my LED screen, unaware that they may even be trying to talk to me. Imagine if instead of being scolded, that behavior was encouraged, and not just to me, but to every teen throughout the country.
In 2005 an Arizona high school passed out iBooks to all of its students instead of the traditional textbook (Source A). School officials were under the impression that having this technology would further engage their students in learning, though what they failed to address is other things it might engage their students in. Teenagers of this age already have short attention spans, and when using the internet, the moment a student gets bored they can click out and focus on something that suits them more than hundred year old articles about the Declaration of Independence, and instead spend hours scrolling though Tumblr or watching pointless music videos- or porn (Source E). Until schools figure out a way to quality control the internet, passing out laptops and iPads will not necessarily engage their students in learning.
Tim Wilson, a technology- integration specialist from a high school in Minnesota asked “how do we communicate with students today who have grown up with technology...

...APBIO5._____________________.FR23
2014
December 3,
Respond to the following.
1. Distinguish genetic drift from gene flow in terms of how they occur and their implications for
future genetic variation in a population.
Genetic drift, defined as the process in which chance events cause unpredictable fluctuations in
allele frequencies from one generation to the next, can increase or decrease variability within
particularly small populations. Certain genotype/phenotype frequencies, for example, may be
reduced or completely eliminated through chance events. Examples of genetic drift might
include the founder effect, which consists of a select amount of individuals is separated from a
larger population and eventually establishes a gene pool different from that of the source
population, or the bottleneck effect, in which a severe drop in population size can leave some
alleles overrepresented in survivors and others underrepresented. In contrast, gene flow is the
transfer of alleles into or out of a population due to the movement of fertile individuals on their
gametes. Unlike the random favoring of traits that comes about through genetic drift, gene flow
can transfer alleles that improve the ability of populations to adapt to local conditions, ultimately
becoming a mechanism of natural selection. Adhering to the definition of natural selection,
individuals with beneficial traits survive and reproduce more efficiently- thus increasing the flow
of favorable genes...

...﻿APEnglishLanguage and Composition
Summer 2014 Assignment
David Gold
Introduction:
An AP course in EnglishLanguage and Composition is essentially a course in rhetoric that engages students in becoming skilled readers of prose written in a variety of rhetorical contexts, and in becoming skilled writers who compose for a variety of purposes. Both their writing and their reading should make students aware of the interactions among a writer’s purposes, audience expectations, and subjects, as well as the way genre conventions and the resources of language contribute to effectiveness in writing (College Board APEnglishLanguage and Composition Course Description, Fall 2010).
Don’t be afraid, it sounds a lot scarier than it really is. Almost everything you read, view and hear is designed to persuade you think or act in a certain way. By studying rhetoric, you will be better prepared to think independently, make informed decisions, and communicate your ideas and opinions in clear and convincing manner. If you are willing to put in effort, you will be richly rewarded with vastly improved reading, writing, visual literacy and critical thinking skills. Here is something to chew on this summer.
Due Dates:
Both your Analysis Essay and Reader’s Response Journals...

...Journal Entry 3
October 28, 2012
LAN101: APEnglishLanguage and Composition
Master Teacher: ; Classroom Instructor:
Journal 3
Tone and style are two important literary devices commonly used to elicit emotions from readers. Tone is defined as the writer’s attitude towards the material and the audience. Authors create tone through use of other literary devices, such as diction, syntax, and imagery. Style is the manner in which an author chooses to write to their audience, and can reveal the author’s character and voice. A skilled writer uses a blend of specific tones and styles when writing about certain subjects, or to a certain audience. A seasoned author also considers crucial questions, such as how will an altered writing style create a given tone? Also, how will that tone influence readers? Suppose a writer is attempting to persuade his audience to avoid caffeine. He now has to consider these questions, while also choosing an appropriate tone for a given audience.
An author has a wealth of different tones to choose from. For example, the author could use a critical, cynical, and belligerent tone. This tone reeks of scorn and contempt. Cutting remarks and scalding language are the tools used to craft this unsympathetic tone. If an author is attempting to dissuade his audience from using caffeine, he would use harsh remarks against caffeine users. These insults...

...﻿APEnglish Literature and CompositionFreeResponseQuestion
The past is never really in the past, it always finds a way to affect a person in the future and present. A character is affected by their past and responds through their present actions, attitudes and values. In the Kite Runner, Amir is impacted by these past events and responds both positively and negatively. The events from Amir’s past include those from his childhood in Afghanistan with his former best friend and half-brother Hassan. Amir’s past events not only change the way he lives in the world, but more importantly the way he sees the world. As a child Amir had a best friend named Hassan whom had impacted his life more than any other character. Hassan had been the first person to make a change in Amir’s life. Unfortunately Hassan was a victim of rape and Amir had witnessed this event, but did nothing to stop it. Amir’s guilt of not stopping this crisis had contributed to his future actions. This event impacted Amir greatly and for that reason Amir loses contact with Hassan after falsely accusing him of taking his belongings. Amir’s guiltiness taunts him overtime and influences him into committing more wrong doings, but also influences him into correcting those wrong doings. Throughout the story Amir’s past always finds its way into the present. Hassan and Amir’s eventually drift apart because of Hassan’s rape and this...

...Government Involvement Regarding “Green Policy”
Energy, natural resources, conservation—these are all hot topics in Washington today. But, to what extent should the United States government be responsible? America is in desperate need of a “green revolution” (Friedman). However, the problem is not only America’s; the entire globe suffers from the effects of global warming (graph). While it is undeniable that the American government needs to develop initiatives regarding energy conservation and anti-global warming legislation, would their effect be enough? Would the process be worthwhile? It would.
According to the Environmental Defense Fund, or EDF, “… we can solve climate change, invest in a clean energy future, and save billions in imported oil” (Samuelson). Many argue that the United States government cannot afford to become involved in energy initiatives and anti-global warming legislation; to counter, what other alternatives does the nation have? With the typical “family spend[ing] about $1,900 per year on home utility bills,” energy is costing this nation a fortune (“Energy Savers”). “With 2.5 people ii the average household,” family spending would drop from $1,900 per year to $91.25 per year (Samuelson). To say our government cannot afford this concept is an inaccurate, false, misguided statement.
However, would America’s efforts alone be enough? After all, this is a global issue. The Energy Information Administration states “the United States, China,...

...bridegroom and the other in the
lonely seat of a bachelor. Mr. Collins, the writer of the first passage, is far from being
persuasive due to his failure in taking into consideration the lady’s interests while the
character from Charles Dickens’s novel revolves his essay around the interests of his loved
one so that she could be convinced of his love and affection toward her.
Mr. Collins’ absence of thoughtlessness that belies the whole purpose of a persuasive essay
comes from the selfish ideas that he had about marriage. The arguments that he brings up are
not about why she should marry him, but rather about why he should marry her instead. It is
as if the receiver, the lady in question, asked Mr. Collins to marry her first and he is writing a
response to the request. Also phrases such as, “and for your own, let her be an active, useful
sort of person, not brought up high, but able to make a small income go a good way,” reveal
that Mr. Collins thinks women are men’s subordinates when it comes to marriage. Because of
these self-interested assumptions, the tone of this proposal is condescending and superficial,
full of arrogance and logic, but devoid of feelings. In his arguments that he lists as reasons for
his marrying her, it is impossible to sense any sort of loving emotion and care. The words
such as, “right,” “example,” and “recommendation,” makes the letter sound more like a...