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State and federal laws prohibit discrimination based on gender. Schools have an obligation to protect students, teachers, staff and other people within the school community. Schools also have an obligation to ensure that its programs and curriculum are free of bias and prejudice.

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 was the first comprehensive federal law to prohibit sex discrimination against students and employees of educational institutions. It is one of several federal and state antidiscrimination laws that define and ensure equality in education. The regulations implementing Title IX prohibit discrimination, exclusion, denial, limitation, or separation based on gender. Title IX states:

" No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance."

Title IX requires that each school district have at least one person designated as the Title IX Coordinator.

The Office of Civil Rights (OCR) is under the U.S. Department of Education.