Composites ability to retain functionality in the presence of damage is a crucial safety and economic issue. Generally the first damage mode in composite laminates is matrix cracking, which affects the mechanical properties ...

The energy dissipated in cross-ply laminates during loading–unloading loops is obtained from stress–strain curves for cross-ply laminates and used in an energy based approach to predict the development of matrix cracking. ...

A Raman spectroscopic technique was used to investigate the elastic modulus degradation and the residual strain development in cross-ply and [0/452/0]T glass fibre/epoxy laminates. Glass has a poor Raman signal and, ...

Intralaminar matrix cracking is recognized as the primary mode of damage appearing in laminates. Local Raman strain measurements in neighboring layers show that the distribution shape in the vicinity of the crack tip is ...

“Damage tolerance” is used to describe the attribute of a structure associated with the retention of the
required residual strength throughout its service life, while irreversible damage mechanisms are active
within the ...