• Shamans or other authority figures publicly beat and physically abused alleged witches as part of exorcism ceremony.

Advocacy:

• Charimaya Tamang and 15 other survivors established Shakti Sumaha, an anti-trafficking NGO. She received a national honor for her work in 2007 and is currently one of two trafficking survivors serving as members of the government-led National Committee to Combat Human Trafficking, which was founded in 2009.

Sources: U.S. Department of State 2010 Human Rights Report, U.S. Department of State Trafficking in Persons Report 2011; Human Rights Watch World Report 2012