DNA and Crime Investigation Essay

2149 Words9 Pages

DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid, which is found in almost all living things. DNA serves as a code for the creation and maintenance of new cells within an organism. Within humans, it is found in almost every cell. Although most of our DNA is found within the nucleus of our cells as nuclear DNA, a very small amount of our DNA is also found within the mitochondria as mitochondrial DNA. Because mitochondrial DNA is generally not used for solving crimes, for the purpose of this paper it will be disregarded.
DNA is a long curved structure, made up of pairs of four specific bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine, is the repository of a code from which all of our cells are made. The code is made up of base pairs which look like the…show more content…

Although DNA was initially observed by Frederich Miescher, a German biochemist near the end of the nineteenth century, the key to the structure of DNA was not discovered until almost a hundred years later. It was at that time that science realized the importance of DNA to the study of biology.
In 1953 four scientists: James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin completed a DNA model which they created using observed X-ray diffraction patterns. This model showed how the structure of DNA was able to transmit genetic information from parents to their offspring.
The work of these four people led to a complete restructuring of the beliefs of the scientific community regarding genetic information. Their initial word led to further work which encompassed their hypothesis of how DNA replicates itself. From this work came the modern technologies of DNA fingerprinting and sequencing.
DNA fingerprinting is a technique that is used to determine how likely it is whether genetic material came from a specific person or family group. Since 99% of human DNA is identical, that means that it is only 1% of our DNA which is different, and it is that 1% that we look at when we are attempting to determine the origin of a DNA sample.
Enzymes are applied to DNA to break it into smaller pieces which are called restriction endonucleases. These restriction endonucleases become

Crime Scene Investigation
For my assignment, I will be looking into the case of James Bulger,
aged 2 years old, who was kidnapped and murdered by John Venables and
Robert Thompson on February 12th 1993. Through evidence found at the
crime scene and testimonial statements, the police saw that the two
boys, ages 11, abducted James from Bootle Strand Shopping Center,
Liverpool. They took him on a long, aimless walk where they brutally
attacked him and left him for dead…

Crime Scene Investigation Process
What do you know about crime scene investigations other than what you see on TV? Crime scenes vary with the amount of physical evidence which is ordinarily expected to be recovered. The only thing consistent about crimes scenes is their inconsistency. A crime scene investigation can described as the application of what has become known as “Locard Exchange Principle”. The “Locard Exchange Principle” is mainly a theory that was established by “Dr. Edmond Locard”.…

main source of evidence. Notoriously unreliable, these techniques have since faded away to the stunning reliability of DNA forensics. In 1984, British geneticist Alec Jeffreys of the University of Leicester discovered an interesting new marker in the human genome. Most DNA information is the same in every human, but the junk code between genes is unique to every person. Junk DNA used for investigative purposes can be found in blood, saliva, perspiration, sexual fluid, skin tissue, bone marrow, dental…

Since the time that the scientific science dramatization "CSI: Crime Scene Investigation" turned into a tremendous hit and generated its fans, reporters have been worried about what they instituted the "CSI Effect." The hypothesis behind the effect is that fans of the well-known show disguise misguided judgments about the law that they bring with them into the court as jurors. In this way, the trepidation is that the TV show is at last influencing the results of trials - and not in a great manner…

The crime scene is a delicate place that must be respected if a true picture is to be recognized in the investigative process. Approaching a crime scene requires the forensic specialist, or anyone directly involved with the incident, a sharp mental attitude and knowledge of the law. The purpose of this essay is to examine the processes involved with a crime scene investigation. This will include a discussion about collecting evidence and will use the given scenario to highlight a practical example…

Since its discovery in the 1980’s, the application of DNA has been utilized in many ways. When Deoxyribonucleic Acid, or DNA is examined, a precise decoding of genetic information is revealed. With the exception of identical twins, every person’s genetic code (commonly referred to as a Genetic Fingerprint) is inherited and unique. From Maury advising men everyday on TV “You ARE the Father!” or “You are NOT the Father!” to learning the descendents of former slaves are related to President Thomas Jefferson…

DNA profiling
DNA profiling (also called DNA testing, DNA typing, or genetic fingerprinting) is a technique employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals on the basis of their respective DNA profiles. DNA profiles are encrypted sets of numbers that reflect a person's DNA makeup, which can also be used as the person's identifier. DNA profiling should not be confused with full genome sequencing. It is used in, for example, parental testing and rape investigation…

DNA and Crime
Deoxyribonucleic Acid - the fingerprint of life also know as DNA was
first mapped out in the early 1950’s by British biophysicist, Francis Harry
Compton Crick and American biochemist James Dewey Watson. They determined the
three-dimensional structure of DNA, the substance that passes on the genetic
characteristics from one generation to the next. DNA is found in the
chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell.
"Every family line has it’s own unique pattern of restriction-enzyme DNA…

DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid, which is found in almost all living things. DNA serves as a code for the creation and maintenance of new cells within an organism. Within humans, it is found in almost every cell. Although most of our DNA is found within the nucleus of our cells as nuclear DNA, a very small amount of our DNA is also found within the mitochondria as mitochondrial DNA. Because mitochondrial DNA is generally not used for solving crimes, for the purpose of this paper it will be disregarded…

Research Paper: Crime Scene Investigation (first draft)
If a murder, a homicide and or a suicide occur, the crime scene investigator(s) collects the clues and evidence that will be analyzed by the forensic scientist(s) which can lead them to their suspect(s). The purpose of a Crime Scene Investigation is to help victims find justice.
When a crime has been reported, the responding officer and/or detective have to note the dispatch information such as address/location, time, date, type…