Motor vehicle crash deaths among children age 12 and younger decreased by 43 percent from
2002-2011; however, still more than 9,000 children died in crashes during that period,
according to a new Vital Signs report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Research has shown that using age- and size-appropriate child restraints (car seats, booster
seats, and seat belts) is the best way to save lives and reduce injuries in a crash. Yet the
report found that almost half of all black (45 percent) and Hispanic (46 percent) children who
died in crashes were not buckled up, compared to 26 percent of white children (2009-2010).

“No child should die in a motor vehicle crash because they were not properly buckled up and
yet, sadly, it happens hundreds of times each year in the U.S.,” said CDC Director Tom Frieden,
M.D., M.P.H. “Many of these tragedies are preventable when parents use age-and size-appropriate
child restraints every time their child rides in a motor vehicle.”

CDC analyzed 2002–2011 data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System, collected by the
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, to determine the number and rate of motor-
vehicle occupant deaths, and the percentage of child deaths among children age 12 and younger
who were not buckled up.

The Vital Signs report also found that:

One in three children who died in crashes in 2011 was not buckled up.

Only 2 out of every 100 children live in states that require car seat or booster seat use
for children age 8 and under.

Child passenger restraint laws result in more children being buckled up. A recent
studyExternal Web Site Icon by Eichelberger et al, showed that among five states that increased
the required car seat or booster seat age to 7 or 8 years, car seat and booster seat use
tripled, and deaths and serious injuries decreased by 17 percent.

“Parents and caregivers play an important role in keeping children safe in the car,” said
Daniel M. Sosin, M.D., M.P.H., F.A.C.P., acting director of CDC's National Center for Injury
Prevention and Control. “Children often imitate their parents; so it's important that parents
model safe behavior and buckle up on every trip. Parents also should always buckle children in
age- and size-appropriate car seats, booster seats and, seat belts.”

To help keep children safe on the road, parents and caregivers can:

Use car seats, booster seats, and seat belts in the back seat—on every trip, no matter how
short.

Rear-facing car seat from birth up to age 2
Buckle children in a rear-facing seat until age 2 or when they reach the upper weight or height
limit of that seat.

Forward-facing car seat from age 2 up to at least age 5
When children outgrow their rear-facing seat, they should be buckled in a forward-facing car
seat until at least age 5 or when they reach the upper weight or height limit of that
seat.

Booster seat from age 5 up until seat belt fits properly
Once children outgrow their forward-facing seat, they should be buckled in a booster seat until
seat belts fit properly. The recommended height for proper seat belt fit is 57 inches
tall.

Seat belt once it fits properly without a booster seat
Children no longer need to use a booster seat once seat belts fit them properly. Seat belts fit
properly when the lap belt lays across the upper thighs (not the stomach) and the shoulder belt
lays across the chest (not the neck).

Install and use car seats according to the owner's manual or get help installing them from
a certified Child Passenger Safety Technician.