What do we know so far?

The two individuals were arrested in Poland on Tuesday following a lengthy investigation, a spokesman for the security services told the BBC.

A person with knowledge of the case confirmed that a Huawei employee called Wang Weijing – also known as Stanislaw Wang – had been arrested but not charged.

According to a LinkedIn profile, Mr Wang is a sales director at the firm and worked as an attache at China’s embassy in Poland from 2006-11.

Stanislaw Zaryn, a spokesperson for Poland’s Internal Security Agency (ISA), told Reuters that Mr Wang’s arrest “doesn’t have anything to do with the company he works for”.

A second man, Piotr D, was a former employee of the country’s security services and had been working in telecoms, the BBC’s Adam Easton in Warsaw reports.

Polish television reports that Piotr D left Poland’s internal security agency (the ABW) following allegations of corruption, but was never formally charged.

On Thursday, a Warsaw court agreed to prosecutors’ requests to arrest the men for three months. If found guilty of spying, they face up to 10 years in prison.

China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said in a statement that it was “highly concerned” about the arrests

TVP reported that Huawei’s office in Poland had been searched by the ABW, along with the offices of mobile provider Orange Polska where Piotr D reportedly worked.

Last year, Orange Polska worked with Huawei to roll out next-generation 5G mobile networks in Poland.

In a statement, Huawei said it “complies with all applicable laws and regulations in the countries where it operates, and we require every employee to abide by the laws and regulations in the countries where they are based.”

Orange said in a statement that the Polish security services had gathered material related to an employee, but it did not know if the investigation was linked to the employee’s professional work.

Both men’s homes had also been searched during the investigation.

Why are there concerns about Huawei?

Chinese tech giant Huawei is at the centre of several diplomatic rows, most spurred by concerns over security.

Under Chinese law, firms are compelled to “support, co-operate with and collaborate in national intelligence work”.

Its media-shy founder, Ren Zhengfei, is also a former engineer in China’s army and joined the Communist Party in 1978.

As a result, critics argue China may be using Huawei as a proxy to help hack attacks, eavesdrop on conversations or gain high-level access to sensitive networks.

New Zealand, Australia and the US have all barred the company from involvement in their national 5G networks.

Huawei founder and chief executive Ren Zhengfei has come under international scrutiny for his ties to China’s Communist Party

It has also become involved in the US-China trade dispute after the arrest last month of chief financial officer Meng Wanzhou.

Her arrest has led to a major diplomatic incident, and two Canadians – former diplomat Michael Kovrig and businessman Michael Spavor – have since been taken into custody in China on charges related to “national security”.

In Europe, Germany says it opposes banning any suppliers from its 5G networks.

The UK has not enacted a ban, but British telecom provider BT has said it will not use Huawei equipment in its new 5G network in the UK. Huawei’s products are also regularly tested for security flaws by the UK’s GCHQ intelligence agency.

Huawei has repeatedly denied allegations of secret ties to the Chinese government, and says it has won a quarter of all commercial 5G contracts around the world.

“Despite efforts in some markets to create fear about Huawei and to use politics to interfere with industry growth, we are proud to say that our customers continue to trust us,” said Ken Hu, the company’s rotating chief executive and deputy chair.

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