Humiliation and mutilation

The stocks.

The Fool, in King Lear, sees the disguised Kent in
the stocks: "Ha, ha, he wears cruel garters" (King
Lear 2.3.7.) The stocks (compare "stockings"), fitted
over the ankles, the pillory, the more severe punishment,
over the head and wrists. The person thus pinioned was at the
mercy (or lack of it) of the bystanders.

Some lesser punishments of both civil and
ecclesiastical courts
involved the pillory, even first* offences for minor
witchcraft. Other punishments
meant mutilation: branding, or cutting of parts of the body.