Seasoning Behavior of mango wood :

Slide 3:

Class-c:non refractory woods
These can be rapidly seasoned free from defects.
If not dried rapidly they develop discoloration and mould on the surface.

Air seasoning :

Air seasoning SHED TYPE-3:
This consists of a roof supported on pillars all side being open.
This is suitable for drying timber for very moist climate condition.
Depending upon the thickness of timber processing time -3monthes and above

KILN SEASONING :

KILN SEASONING The timber comes under standard kiln drying schedule -2.
These timber will take about 5to7 days to season.
Initial steaming of the charge for about 2hrs at 55*c and 100% RH should be carried out to kill mould growth.

WOOD WASTE FIRED FURNASE KILN :

WOOD WASTE FIRED FURNASE KILN Wood waste fired furnace kilns are used on a limited basis.
Heat is generated from furnaces fires by wood waste.
They are not suited for seasoning all kinds of woods

Slide 10:

Defects due to conversion :

Defects due to conversion Chip mark
Diagonal grain
Torn grain
Wane

Defects due to fungi :

Defects due to fungi The moisture content of the timber is above 20%.There is presence of air and warm for the growth of fungi
Following defects are caused in timber by fungi
Blue stain
Brown rot
Dry rot
Heart rot
Sap stain
Wet rot
White rot

Defects due to insects :

Defects due to insects Beetles
Marine Borers
Termites

Termites :

Termites Dry wood termite Termite nest

Use :

Use Packing case
Planks are used for construction purpose

Neem :

Neem Among the wood species that could be examined, neem (Azadirachta indica) stands prominent.
Research carried out by Radwanski (1969) in Sokoto (Northern Nigeria) revealed that Azadirachta indica is a fast growing tree which can be planted in arid regions as it is not requiring irrigation.
It grows well in poor, shallow, stony or sandy lands. These qualities make this wood species to be easily adaptable to the climatic conditions of Northern Nigeria.
However, there is apparent information gap as to the density of neem in relation to timber fabrication and utilization with particular reference to Northern Nigeria.

Slide 17:

This research becomes particularly important in Northern Nigeria, as the economic wood species used for constructional purposes in Northern Nigeria are very limited
The significant portion of timber for furniture and other building constructions is obtained from Southern Nigeria,
The procurement and transport arrangements are beset with some obvious difficulties that must be overcome to hold down the escalating price.

Slide 18:

Neem density, at an average of 682.39 Kg/m3, shows that wood species density agrees with the general range of wood densities as published by Desch (1992),
who recorded a density variation of 160kg/m3 to 1250kg/m3 among tree species.
This density value is favourably compared with majority of known economic trees commonly used for timber in Nigeria. PRESERVATIVES

Seasoning duration :

Preservation method :

Preservation method Cold soaking in solutions of creosote or penta has been moderately effective in treating roundstock of species with thick, easily treated sapwood,
Cold soaking should not be used when heartwood is exposed.
Normal soaking times vary from 24 to 48 hours and there is little control over retention and penetration.

Use of neem wood :

Use of neem wood Dining table and chir,desk&chair
Making a pillars,columes&beams
Making sculpture

Reference :

Reference Panday L.N, v.k jain wood seasoning and technology published by Indian council of forestry research and education , dehradun
http://www.jgi.doe.gov
http://www.calredwood.org
http://muextension.missouri.edu/forestry
http://www.monarchprocess.com/