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D
Committee Member Biographical Sketches
ROBERT S. LAWRENCE, M.D. (chair), is associate dean for Professional
Education Programs, the Edyth Schoenrich Professor of Preventive Medicine,
and professor of health policy in the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public
Health. His expertise and research interests include community and social medi-
cine, preventive medicine, international health, and the use of evidence-based
decision rules to develop policy for clinical preventive services and community
health services. Dr. Lawrence is a member of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and
has previously served the IOM as chair of several committees addressing perti-
nent issues in public health, including Exposure of American People to I-131
from Nevada Atomic Bomb Test: Implications for Public Health. Dr. Lawrence is
a master of the American College of Physicians, a fellow of the American Col-
lege of Preventive Medicine, and holds membership in the American Public
Health Association, the Association of Teachers of Preventive Medicine, and
Physicians for Human Rights.
DENNIS M. BIER, M.D., is professor of pediatrics, director of the U.S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture (USDA) Children' s Nutrition Research Center, and program
director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) General Clinical Research
Center at the Baylor College of Medicine. He is a member of the IOM and
currently serves as associate editor of the Annual Review of Nutrition, president
of the NIH General Clinical Research Centers Programs Directors Association,
and as member of the Expert Advisory Panel on Nutrition and Electrolytes of The
United States Pharmacopeial Convention. Previously, Dr. Bier was professor of
pediatrics and internal medicine at Washington University School of Medicine
313

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DIOXINS AND DIOXIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS IN THE FOOD SUPPLY
where he was codirector of the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabo-
lism, director of the NIH Mass Spectrometry Resource, and program director of
the NIH General Clinical Research Center at St. Louis Children's Hospital. He
has been president of the American Society of Clinical Nutrition, editor-in-chief
of Pediatric Research, chairman of the USDA Human Studies Review, councilor
of the American Pediatric Society, chairman of the NIH Nutrition Study Section,
chairman of the NIH General Clinical Research Centers Committee, chairman of
the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Expert Panel
Five-year Plan for Nutrition Research and Training, and chairman of the Kellogg
Grain Nutrition Board. He has also served as a member of various other scientific
advisory panels, including the HHS/USDA Dietary Guidelines Advisory Com-
mittee, the IOM Food and Nutrition Board, the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) Food and Advisory Committee, the Medical Science Advisory Board of
the Juvenile Diabetes Foundation, the Task Force and Steering Committee of the
Pediatric Scientist Development Program, and the Advisory Board of the Na-
tional Stable Isotopes Resource at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Dr. Bier has
authored more than 230 scientific publications and, for his research work, he has
received the E. V. Cullum award from the American Institute of Nutrition, the
Grace A. Goldsmith award from the American College of Nutrition, and the
General Clinical Research Centers award for Excellence in Clinical Research
from NIH.
ROBERT E. BROYLES retired from Purina Mills, Inc., after 34 years in regu-
latory, quality, environmental, and safety activities. In that time, he served as
director of the Regulatory, Quality, and Safety Department, director of Regula-
tory Affairs, and manager of Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance of the
Health Industries Division. He currently serves as a consultant to Purina Mills.
Mr. Broyles is past chair of the Animal Health Institute's Regulatory Committee,
Animal Drug Section, and of the American Feed Industry Association's Feed
Control Committee. He is a member of the National Grain and Feed Association's
Feed Industry Committee and serves as a faculty member for its Feed Quality
Assurance Workshops. Mr. Broyles was awarded the American Feed Industry
Association's Member of the Year Award for 1992-1993, and a Distinguished
Service Award in 1995 by the Association of American Feed Control Officials
for his contributions in regulatory and quality service.
DOROTHY R. CALDWELL, M.S., is the coordinator of the North Carolina
Initiative for Healthy Weight in Children and Youth in the North Carolina Divi-
sion of Public Health. She has extensive experience in public policy and nutri-
tion, including food and nutrition assistance programs at local, state, and federal
levels, and has been involved in many policy initiatives in national professional
associations. Mrs. Caldwell has previously held the post of deputy administrator,
Special Nutrition Programs, Food and Nutrition Services, USDA, where she was

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APPENDIX D
315
responsible for child nutrition programs, the Special Supplemental Program for
Women, Infants and Children, and commodity distribution programs.
DAVID O. CARPENTER, M.D., is a professor of environmental health and
toxicology, and the director of the Institute for Health and the Environment,
School of Public Health at the State University of New York, Albany. He is
principal investigator for a Fogarty International Center training grant in environ-
mental and occupational health for fellows from Eastern Europe, Russia,
Uzbekistan, and Mongolia. Dr. Carpenter serves on the Board of Directors of
Healthy Schools Network, Inc. and is treasurer of the Pacific Basin Consortium
for Hazardous Waste, Health, and Environment. He is a member of the New York
State Public Health Association and the American Public Health Association;
chair of the Board of Directors of Albany-Tula, Inc., an alliance between the
capital district of New York and Tula, Russia; and cochair of the Workgroup on
Ecosystem Health of the Science Advisory Board of the International Joint Com-
mission. Dr. Carpenter is a long-time spokesperson for environmentally related
health concerns of the Mohawk tribe of Akwesasne, New York. In 1999, Dr.
Carpenter was awarded the Homer N. Calver Award from the American Public
Health Association for studies in environmental health.
JULIE A. CASWELL, PH.D., is a professor of resource economics and adjunct
professor of food science at the University of Massachusetts. Her research inter-
ests include the operation of domestic and international food systems, analyzing
food system efficiency, and evaluating government policy as it affects systems
operation and performance, with particular interest in the economics of food
quality, safety, and nutrition. Her edited book publications include Economics of
Food Safety, Valuing Food Safety and Nutrition, and Global Food Trade and
Consumer Demand for Quality. Dr. Caswell has provided her expertise to the
U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization and the Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development on food safety issues. From 1989-2002 she chaired
Regional Research Project NE-165, an international group of over 100 econo-
mists who analyzed the operation and performance of the food system. She has
held numerous senior positions with the American Agricultural Economics Asso-
ciation and the Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association.
KEITH R. COOPER, PH.D., is a professor and dean of research and graduate
programs and senior associate director of the New Jersey Agricultural Experi-
ment Station, Cook College, Rutgers The State University of New York. Dr.
Cooper is also the associate director of the Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology
NIEHS Training Grant, and former chair of the Department of Biochemistry and
Microbiology at Rutgers University. Dr. Cooper is a member of the Center for
Marine and Coastal Research, the Environmental/Science Graduate Program, and
the Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology. His research interest is xenobiotic

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DIOXINS AND DIOXIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS IN THE FOOD SUPPLY
metabolism in aquatic animals, including endocrine disrupting compounds, par-
ticularly dioxins, dibenzofurans, and phthalates, on finfish and bivalve mollusks.
He is also developing both food web and physiological based pharmacokinetic
models to better predict chemical movement both in the environment and within
the organism of concern.
,IAMES K. HAMMITT, PH.D., is a professor of economics and decision sci-
ences in the Department of Health Policy and Management, the Department of
Environmental Health, and the Center for Risk Analysis, and is director of the
Program in Environmental Science and Risk Management at the Harvard Univer-
sity School of Public Health. His research interests include the development and
application of quantitative methods of decision and risk analysis, health-risk
management and benefit-cost analysis, and mathematical modeling to health and
environmental policy. Dr. Hammitt is currently researching management of long-
term environmental issues with important scientific uncertainties such as global
climate change and stratospheric-ozone depletion, the evaluation of ancillary
benefits and countervailing risks associated with risk-control measures, and the
characterization of social preferences over health and environmental risks using
revealed-preference and contingent-valuation methods. Dr. Hammitt is a member
of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Science Advisory Board and
holds professional memberships in the Association of Environmental and Re-
source Economists and the Society for Risk Analysis.
GAIL G. HARRISON, PH.D., is a professor and chair of the Department of
Community Health Sciences, UCLA School of Public Health. She also serves as
associate director for Public Health Programs of the UCLA Center for Human
Nutrition and assistant director for the Program for Healthy and At-Risk Popula-
tions in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, UCLA/Jonsson Compre-
hensive Cancer Center. Her research interests include dietary and nutritional
assessment, international health and nutrition, and pediatric and maternal nutri-
tion. She is a former member of the IOM Food and Nutrition Board and has
served on several of its committees including the Committee on International
Nutrition Programs.
,IAMES T. HEIMBACH, PH.D., is president of JHeimbach LLC, which spe-
cializes in food and nutrition consulting. He has national and international expe-
rience with a broad range of issues regarding food and nutrition policy; food
consumption behavior; assessment of dietary intakes of nutrients, food additives,
and contaminants; safety evaluation of food and dietary supplement ingredients;
and food regulation. Dr. Heimbach was formerly the chief operating officer of
Technical Assessment Systems and a principal of ENVIRON International Cor-
poration, following public service at FDA and as associate administrator and
acting administrator of the Human Nutrition Information Service of USDA. Dr.

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APPENDIX D
317
Heimbach is a fellow of the American College of Nutrition; a member of the
Foods/Dietary Supplement Oversight committee of the Food and Drug Law Insti-
tute; and councilor, past division chair, and past section chair of the Institute of
Food Technologists.
BARBARA A. KNUTH, PH.D., is a professor and chair of the Department of
Natural Resources at Cornell University. She also serves as leader of the Human
Dimensions Research Unit. Her research interests include assessment of the need
for and effectiveness of risk communication, particularly with regard to contami-
nated fisheries. Dr. Knuth is first vice president of the American Fisheries Soci-
ety and a member of the Fish and Wildlife Executive Committee of the National
Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges and a previous mem-
ber of the Great Lakes Science Advisory Board of the International Joint Com-
mission, and the Board of Technical Experts of the Great Lakes Fishery Commis-
sion. She has previously served on the Committee on Improving the Collection
and Use of Fisheries Data.
,IAMES D. MCKEAN, D.V.M., ,1.D., is an extension veterinarian and professor
in the Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine at
Iowa State University's College of Veterinary Medicine. His research interests
include swine medicine and extension, food safety, and food law, and the assess-
ment of chemical and drug residues in feed and food animals. Dr. McKean also
serves as associate director of the Iowa Pork Industry Center, and has previously
served on several national committees for governmental policy development,
including the Swine Futures Team, the Taskforce on the Future of FSIS Veteri-
narians, and as chair of the AASV Pork Safety Committee.
PIETER ,1.,1. SAWER, M.D., is a professor and chair of the Department of
Pediatrics, University Hospital at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
His research interests include nutrition, growth, and development in infants, spe-
cifically with respect to the effects of environmental contaminants like polychlo-
rinated biphenyls on health and development in children. Dr. Sauer is a member
of the National Health Council (the Netherlands) and the Neonatology Group of
the Dutch Society of Pediatrics. He has been European chief editor of the journal
Pediatric Research and president of the International Pediatric Research Founda-
tion. He has served as the Dutch delegate at the Conference of European Pediatric
Specialists and is a member of the Ethical Committee.
ROBERT E. SMITH, PH.D., is president of R. E. Smith Consulting, Inc., as
well as adjunct professor in the Department of Food Science at the University of
Illinois. Prior to consulting to the food industry, Dr. Smith spent almost 30 years
as head of corporate research and development at Nabisco, Del Monte, Swift, and
The Quaker Oats companies. He has national and international experience with

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DIOXINS AND DIOXIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS IN THE FOOD SUPPLY
the development of a broad range of food and feed products. His technical exper-
tise includes food technology and nutrition, food engineering, packaging, food
safety, quality assurance and food regulation. Dr. Smith is a former member of
the Food and Nutrition Board and is a former president of the Institute of Food
Technologists.
MICHAEL R. TAYLOR, ,1.D., is a senior fellow and director of the Risk,
Resource and Environmental Management Division of Resources for the Future
(RFF). Mr. Taylor also leads the Food System Program at RFF which addresses
policy and institutional issues affecting the success of the global food and agri-
cultural system in the areas of food security in developing countries, food safety,
and the natural resource and environmental sustainability of agriculture. He is a
former administrator of the USDA's Food Safety and Inspection Service and a
former deputy commissioner for policy at FDA. In addition to his public service,
Mr. Taylor has been a partner in the law firm of King & Spalding and vice
president for Public Policy at Monsanto Company. He is currently cochair of the
National Academies' Committee on Use of Third Party Toxicity Research with
Human Participants and a member of the Subcommittee on Defining Science-
based Concerns Associated with Products of Animal Biotechnology, and has
previously served on the Committee on Scientific and Regulatory Issues Under-
lying Pesticide Use Patterns and Agricultural Innovation (IOM).
KATHERINE L. TUCKER, PH.D., is director of the Dietary Assessment and
Epidemiology Research Program at the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition
Research Center on Aging. In addition, she is an associate professor and director
of the Nutritional Epidemiology program in the School of Nutrition Science and
Policy and an adjunct associate professor for the Department of Family Medicine
and Community Health in the School of Medicine at Tufts University. Dr.
Tucker's research interests include diet and health, dietary assessment methodol-
ogy, and the nutritional status of high-risk populations. She is on the editorial
board of the Journal of Nutrition and the Ecology of Food and Nutrition, and has
previously chaired the Nutritional Epidemiology Research Interest Section of the
American Society for Nutritional Sciences.

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