HSE researchers, together with colleagues from Space Research Institute of RAS, MIPT, and the University of Colorado, ventured to find out where the plasma-dust cloud around the Moon comes from. To do this, they compared theoretical calculations with experimental data and theorized that this cloud likely consists of matter that rose from the Moon’s surface as a result of meteoroid collisions.

On Wednesday, 16 May 2018, the President of the European Research Council (ERC), Professor Jean-Pierre Bourguignon, gave an open lecture at HSE on ‘Public funding for research & innovation: The experience of the European Research Council’. The lecture was organized by HSE together with the Delegation of the European Union to the Russian Federation.

The higher the unemployment rates in Western European countries, the more likely it is that socio-political destabilization will occur. At the same time, the highest levels of unemployment in Eastern European countries are accompanied by anti-government protests of very low intensity. This is just one of the conclusions made by HSE experts in their paper ‘Unemployment as a predictor of socio-political destabilization in Western and Eastern European countries’.

Article

This article focuses on the analyses of the functional requirements for the quality monitoring system of the laser gyroscopes manufacturing. The system architecture formal model is designed. The statistical methods for the quality monitoring laser gyroscopes is considered.

The paper discusses the methods and technologies used in the development of special software for control panel of shipboard laser complex (SLC) and a set of software simulators information flows generated by the equipment SLC interaction with the control panel.

In 1964 first laser gyros with Zeeman magnetooptical biasing were developed in RDI "Polyus". During elapsed years these devices passed several stages of improvements, and laser inertial systems at their base were created and are being produced to be applied in systems for moving objects control.

The paper is devoted to the investigation of the physical reasons of time and temperature drifts of Zeeman laser gyro with periodic realignment of the laser longitudinal generation mode with the light wave opposite circular polarization. It is designated that gyro drift can be divided into magnetic and non-magnetic components having different nature and provides significantly different contribution to the final error. The expression of total error depending on the gyro operation mode is presented. The reasons of magnetic and non-magnetic drifts are described and optimal algorithmic methods of their compensation are proposed both with initial calibration and without it. Experimental results for several Zeeman laser gyroscopes with drifts typical values are analyzed.

Instructions contain theoretical information necessary to perform laboratory work "Measurements of laser gyro parameters", a description of the procedures and requirements to the report. Intended for master students studying the discipline "Control, orientation and navigation systems" (in the direction of learning 231300.68 Applied mathematics - master's program in "Control and information systems engineering").

Virtual laboratory workshop for laser gyroscope studying is described. The computer measurements concepts are explained according to the new Russian standard. The virtual models application at workshop designing and in the educational process are considered.

The results of development the optimal software for Zeeman laser gyro perimeter control and output signal false component compensation basing on the real operation conditions and own laser specifications.

A model for organizing cargo transportation between two node stations connected by a railway line which contains a certain number of intermediate stations is considered. The movement of cargo is in one direction. Such a situation may occur, for example, if one of the node stations is located in a region which produce raw material for manufacturing industry located in another region, and there is another node station. The organization of freight traﬃc is performed by means of a number of technologies. These technologies determine the rules for taking on cargo at the initial node station, the rules of interaction between neighboring stations, as well as the rule of distribution of cargo to the ﬁnal node stations. The process of cargo transportation is followed by the set rule of control. For such a model, one must determine possible modes of cargo transportation and describe their properties. This model is described by a ﬁnite-dimensional system of diﬀerential equations with nonlocal linear restrictions. The class of the solution satisfying nonlocal linear restrictions is extremely narrow. It results in the need for the “correct” extension of solutions of a system of diﬀerential equations to a class of quasi-solutions having the distinctive feature of gaps in a countable number of points. It was possible numerically using the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order to build these quasi-solutions and determine their rate of growth. Let us note that in the technical plan the main complexity consisted in obtaining quasi-solutions satisfying the nonlocal linear restrictions. Furthermore, we investigated the dependence of quasi-solutions and, in particular, sizes of gaps (jumps) of solutions on a number of parameters of the model characterizing a rule of control, technologies for transportation of cargo and intensity of giving of cargo on a node station.

Event logs collected by modern information and technical systems usually contain enough data for automated process models discovery. A variety of algorithms was developed for process models discovery, conformance checking, log to model alignment, comparison of process models, etc., nevertheless a quick analysis of ad-hoc selected parts of a journal still have not get a full-fledged implementation. This paper describes an ROLAP-based method of multidimensional event logs storage for process mining. The result of the analysis of the journal is visualized as directed graph representing the union of all possible event sequences, ranked by their occurrence probability. Our implementation allows the analyst to discover process models for sublogs defined by ad-hoc selection of criteria and value of occurrence probability

The paper presents an outline of the Chinese bond market. It gives an overview of the Chinese bond market history and western research on this topic. The paper also gives a description on the market structure, infrastructure, regulation, participants and trading instruments of the today’s Chinese bond market.

The geographic information system (GIS) is based on the first and only Russian Imperial Census of 1897 and the First All-Union Census of the Soviet Union of 1926. The GIS features vector data (shapefiles) of allprovinces of the two states. For the 1897 census, there is information about linguistic, religious, and social estate groups. The part based on the 1926 census features nationality. Both shapefiles include information on gender, rural and urban population. The GIS allows for producing any necessary maps for individual studies of the period which require the administrative boundaries and demographic information.

Given a machine $U$, a $c$-short program for $x$ is a string $p$ such that $U(p)=x$ and the length of $p$ is bounded by $c$ + (the length of a shortest program for $x$). We show that for any universal machine, it is possible to compute in polynomial time on input $x$ a list of polynomial size guaranteed to contain a $O(\log |x|)$-short program for $x$. We also show that there exist computable functions that map every $x$ to a list of size $O(|x|^2)$ containing a $O(1)$-short program for $x$ and this is essentially optimal because we prove that such a list must have size $\Omega(|x|^2)$. Finally we show that for some machines, computable lists containing a shortest program must have length $\Omega(2^{|x|})$.

Existing approaches suggest that IT strategy should be a reflection of business strategy. However, actually organisations do not often follow business strategy even if it is formally declared. In these conditions, IT strategy can be viewed not as a plan, but as an organisational shared view on the role of information systems. This approach generally reflects only a top-down perspective of IT strategy. So, it can be supplemented by a strategic behaviour pattern (i.e., more or less standard response to a changes that is formed as result of previous experience) to implement bottom-up approach. Two components that can help to establish effective reaction regarding new initiatives in IT are proposed here: model of IT-related decision making, and efficiency measurement metric to estimate maturity of business processes and appropriate IT. Usage of proposed tools is demonstrated in practical cases.

The manual is intended for students of Department of computer engineering MIEM HSE. In the textbook based on the courses "Economics of firm" and "the development strategy of the organization." Discusses the key conceptual and methodological issues of the theory and practice of Economics and development planning of the organization. The use of textbooks will enable students: to analyze key performance indicators, and use the tools of strategic analysis with reference to concrete situations in contemporary Russian and international business. Special attention is paid to the methods and systems of information support of the life support functions of business organizations and management methodology of innovation and investment. An Appendix contains source data for analysis of competition in a particular industry.

Gokhberg L., Fursov K., Perani G. Working Party of National Experts on Science and Technology Indicators. DSTI/EAS/STP/NESTI. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2012. No. DSTI/EAS/STP/NESTI(2012)9/ANN1.

The paper provides a number of proposed draft operational guidelines for technology measurement and includes a number of tentative technology definitions to be used for statistical purposes, principles for identification and classification of potentially growing technology areas, suggestions on the survey strategies and indicators. These are the key components of an internationally harmonized framework for collecting and interpreting technology data that would need to be further developed through a broader consultation process. A summary of definitions of technology already available in OECD manuals and the stocktaking results are provided in the Annex section.

Over the last two decades national policy makers drew special attention to the implementation of policy tools which foster international cooperation in the fields of science, technology, and innovation. In this paper, we look at cases of Russian-German collaboration to examine the initiatives of the Russian government aimed at stimulating the innovation activity of domestic corporations and small and medium enterprises. The data derived from the interviews with companies’ leaders show positive effects of bilateral innovative projects on the overall business performance alongside with major barriers hindering international cooperation. To overcome these barriers we provide specific suggestions relevant to the recently developed Russian Innovation Strategy 2020.

Fursov K., Auriol L. Working Party of National Experts on Science and Technology Indicators. DSTI/EAS/STP/NESTI. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2012. No. DSTI/EAS/STP/NESTI(2012)10.

The paper summarizes results of the stocktaking of national approaches to measuring full-time equivalents (FTE) of R&D personnel. The indicator is considered as one of the key measures used to estimate labor force in terms of time devoted to research activities. Beyond that use FTEs are also frequently utilized for estimating the R&D share of labor costs, funding and expenditure in the higher education sector as shown in this document. It is therefore important to know more precisely how FTEs are calculated in different countries. The stocktaking exercise received participation from 28 OECD and observer countries, which allowed summarizing national experiences and practices for measuring aggregates of R&D personnel. Generalization of this experience will help in developing internationally harmonized principles for FTE calculation.