ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe Strategy of Korean Multinational Enterprises – Multiple versus Single plantUsing firm-level panel data for Korean MNEs, we make a distinction between being the only affiliate of a parent firm and being the one of the multiple affiliates of a parent firm. Comparisons of correlations between purchases and sales of each group of the foreign affiliates show distinctive difference in the motivations of FDI and the multinational activities, due to the difference in the number of affiliates they possess. Our main empirical results in this paper suggest that productive Korean MNEs not only enlarge their host countries of FDI but also enlarge the number of affiliates in a same host country. We interpret these FDIs are motivated by enjoying information and network advantages by gathering in one location.http://ijbds.usb.ac.ir/article_1271_c932e2eec1f692c8b7c08ecc6b32e665.pdf2012-10-27T11:23:202019-01-22T11:23:2052610.22111/ijbds.2012.1271Foreign Direct InvestmentMultinationalsFirm eterogeneityLocation DecisionORIGINAL_ARTICLEAn Impact of Globalization on Gender Wage Inequality: A case Study of Selected Developing CountriesGlobalization may have different impacts on the gender wage gap depending on the specialization and trade pattern as well as the socio-economic situation. The main purpose of this paper is to examine an impact of globalization on gender wage inequality. Specifically, the hypothesis is that globalization reduces gender wage gap. For this, we have employed a panel technique for 21 selected developing countries during 2000-2007. Based on the obtained results, the hypothesis is verified.http://ijbds.usb.ac.ir/article_1272_0dcce3c3291568b130df8db2caacca46.pdf2012-10-27T11:23:202019-01-22T11:23:20274010.22111/ijbds.2012.1272GlobalizationGender Wage InequalityCompetitive PressureDeveloping CountriesORIGINAL_ARTICLELocation as a Poverty TrapIn this paper, we ask “Can proximity to towns reduces poverty in rural areas?” For this study we have mapped all the villages in Orissa. The study is based on small area poverty estimation methodology as well as the secondary data covering 47,395 villages and 109 towns. Our main findings are (i) there is a relationship between the distance to nearest town and rural poverty and (ii) poverty levels in rural areas differ according to the type of towns near them and (iii) The combined effect of distance to nearest town and class of town has an U-shape. The study also has various interesting policy as well as regulatory implications.http://ijbds.usb.ac.ir/article_1273_270a2c90a5d0c026597c861b0247e1e8.pdf2012-10-27T11:23:202019-01-22T11:23:20416210.22111/ijbds.2012.1273distancepovertynearest townORIGINAL_ARTICLEDeterminants of Bonanza Episodes and Related Effects on Financial Crises in Emerging Market CountriesAlthough capital inflows affect positively economies in long-run, it is possible to generate somehow destructive effects if there is no any control on financial markets. This study tries to explore main determinants of large capital inflows episodes to emerging markets. It is also investigated whether the large capital inflows episodes lead to financial crises in forms of sudden stop phenomenon, currency and banking crises. To this end, annual data for 44 emerging countries have been used during 1970-2011. The empirical results have shown that the lagged period of large capital inflows episodes (so-called as the bonanza phenomenon) and the related contagion are most important variables to explain these phenomena in international capital markets. Overall, the results indicate that herding behavior is a key determinant of bonanza episodes in the selected emerging market countries.http://ijbds.usb.ac.ir/article_1274_b104996ee2df0dcd42bc94103d809530.pdf2012-10-27T11:23:202019-01-22T11:23:20638610.22111/ijbds.2012.1274Bonanzafinancial crisisSudden StopHerding BehaviorBanking CrisisCurrency CrisisORIGINAL_ARTICLEEffective Development of Mobile Government Governance ApproachRecent advances in wireless and mobile communications infrastructure are enabling governments to deliver and manage services to citizen efficiently and economically. Mobile government provides this ability to governments. This paper presents the ggovernance approach in effective development of mobile government. The objective is reviews(identify and ranking) of public service concept (Included: Political and strategic factor ,Effectiveness of governance and public services factor) in effective development of mobile government. The data was analyzed using fuzzy Delphi method (to identification) and fuzzy AHP (to ranking the identified Factors). Results indicated that effectiveness of governance and public services factor has a higher priority than political and strategic factor.http://ijbds.usb.ac.ir/article_1275_c54b6f5ea363bf58de0e015c9b50a845.pdf2012-10-27T11:23:202019-01-22T11:23:208710010.22111/ijbds.2012.1275Mobile GovernmentEffective developmentEffectiveness of governance and public services factorpolitical and strategic factorORIGINAL_ARTICLEManagement of Seafarers in Liner Shipping Industry The use of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices in the form of ‘bundles’ and in integration with the business strategy of the organisation have been emphasised throughout the HRM literature. These are called the horizontal integration and vertical integration respectively. This article aim at examining the use of these practices in liner shipping industry in which human element plays a vital role to provide a good quality service. The research uncovers that although some HRM techniques are used in liner shipping industry but they are not implemented in form of bundles of practices. This single use of practices does not affect the business performance of the firm. It was also discovered that the implemented practices are not in accordance with the business strategy of the companies inside the industry. While the business strategy of the liner industry was found to be quality enhancement, the majority of the practices used were in form of hard model which is in contrast with this form of business strategy. http://ijbds.usb.ac.ir/article_1278_09f2477523be81b2bca00c5aee0e272d.pdf2012-10-26T11:23:202019-01-22T11:23:2010112210.22111/ijbds.2012.1278ORIGINAL_ARTICLEEffects of Job Characteristics on Counterproductive Work Behavior Among Production Employees: Malaysian ExperienceThis study seeks to investigate the impact of job characteristics on counterproductive work behaviour (CWB). Three forms of CWB are identified: interpersonal CWB, production CWB, and property CWB. The regression analysis carried out on a sample of 355 employees showed mixed results. Job significant demonstrated a significant and negative relationship with production CWB. The relationship between job feedback, interpersonal CWB and property CWB was as postulated. In similar not, job identity demonstrated a significant and negative relationship with organizational CWB. However, job autonomy does not show any significant relationship. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research are discussed.http://ijbds.usb.ac.ir/article_1279_2430912cbbc6a4415ce6f00acb818d5b.pdf2012-10-27T11:23:202019-01-22T11:23:2012314510.22111/ijbds.2012.1279