Therapeutic Diets.

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Presentation on theme: "Therapeutic Diets."— Presentation transcript:

2 Therapeutic DietsModifications of normal diet used to improve specific health conditionsNormally prescribed by doctor and planned by dieticianMay change nutrients, caloric content and/or textureMay seem strange and even unpleasant to the patient

3 Therapeutic DietsPatient’s appetite may be affected by anorexia or loss of appetite, weakness, illness, loneliness, self-pity and other factorsUse patience and tact to convince patient to eat foodUnderstand purpose of diet and provide simple explanations to patient

5 Regular Diet Balanced diet usually used for ambulatory patientsAt times is has a slightly reduced caloric contentFoods such as rich desserts, cream sauces, salad dressings and fried foods may be decreased or omitted

6 Liquid DietsNutritionally inadequate and should only be used for short periods of timeUses:After surgery or a heart attackPts with acute infections or digestive problemsTo replace fluids lost by vomiting or diarrheaBefore some Xrays of digestive tract

9 Diabetic DietUsed for pts with diabetes mellitus (body does not produce enough insulin to metabolize carbohydrates)Diet contains exchange listsGoods are grouped according to type, nutrients, and caloriesPts are allowed a certain number of items from each exchange list according to individual needs

10 Diabetic DietAvoid sugar-heavy foods such as candy, soft drinks, desserts, cookies, syrup, honey, condensed milk, sugared gum, jams, and jelliesNew trend is to count only carbs as blood sugar levels are most affected by carbsPt then takes an amount of insulin based upon amount of carbs eaten

12 Calorie Controlled Diet High-Calorie DietUsed for pts who are underweight, or who have anorexia nervosa, hyperthyroidism, or cancerExtra proteins and carbs are includedAvoid high-bulk foods such as green salads, watermelon and fibrous fruitsAvoid high-fat foods such as fried foods, rich pastries, and cheese cake because they digest slowly and spoil appetite

16 High Protein DietUsed for children and adolescents who need additional growth, pregnant or lactating women, before and/or after surgery, pts suffering from burns, fevers, or infectionsRegular diet with added protein rich foods such as meats, fish, milk, cheese, and eggs

19 Low Residue DietUsed for pts with digestive and rectal diseases such as colitis or diarrheaEliminates or limits foods high in bulk or fiber such as raw fruits and veggies, whole grains and cereals, nuts, seeds, beans and peas, coconut, and fried foods