A 56-year-old woman was admitted to hospital due to stress-dependent hoarseness and hypertensive urgency. The patient reported peaks of blood pressure of 210/160 mm Hg in combination with hoarseness. With indirect mirror examination, the ear-nose-and throat doctor diagnosed a paralysis of the vocal cord on the left side. The authors ...

We test the hypothesis that there are differences in performance among three extra-glottic airway devices during spontaneous breathing anaesthesia. One hundred and fifty consecutive patients (ASA Grade 1-2, aged 18-80 yr) were randomly allocated for airway management with the i-gel (Intersurgical Ltd, Wokingham, Berkshire UK), the LMA-ProSeal and the LMA-Supreme ...

Nordic walking (NW), characterized by the use of two walking poles, is becoming increasingly popular (Morgulec-Adamowicz, Marszalek, & Jagustyn, 2011). We studied walking pressure patterns of 20 experienced and 30 beginner Nordic walkers. Plantar pressures from nine foot zones were measured during trials performed at two walking speeds (preferred and ...

During a retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy in the prone position, a sudden increase in end-Tidal CO2 (EtCO2) (from 42 to 68 mmHg) followed by an abrupt decrease (from 68 to 35 mmHg) was observed, concomitantly with a right adrenal vein laceration. Heart rate decreased to 30 bpm, and the systolic blood pressure ...

Nitrogen (N2) narcosis could interfere with deep submarine escapes, particularly in the escape trunk, where simple but essential tasks are required in order to leave the submarine and start rapid ascent. In a previous study, we had suggested that prolongation of lungs-to-brain circulation time (LBct) may have a protective effect ...

The study analyzed changes in parameters of the central and intracardiac hemodynamics during the development of experimental arterial hypertension, which were assessed as the adaptive in nature. The development of hypertension demonstrated staging of the adaptive processes. The development of the adaptive responses was characterized by changes in the magnitude ...

The application of hydrostatic high pressure on an industrial line of nectarine (Prunus persica L.) purées was assessed in comparison with the traditional thermal treatment of pasteurization. Changes after thermal processing (85 °C, 5 min) and after high-pressure processing (HPP: 450 or 600 MPa for 5 or 10 min) and ...

The benefits of reducing blood pressure are well established, but there remains uncertainty about whether the magnitude of the effect varies with the initial blood pressure level. The objective was to compare the risk reductions achieved by different blood pressure-lowering regimens among individuals with different baseline blood pressures. Thirty-two randomized ...

Hypoxia may play a role in the development of renal failure in donated kidneys. In the present study, the effects of hypoxia on isolated blood-perfused rabbit kidneys were investigated and the effects of mannitol were explored, giving special attention to intratubular pressure. Kidneys were perfused with their autologous blood during ...

Objective. The events characterizing the very last part of the vasovagal crisis has not been determined. The aim of the study was to analyze the variations in respiratory pattern preceding the vaso-vagal syncope full-blown and the relationship between cardiovascular functions in order to assess the temporal sequence. Methods. Eleven consecutive ...

Fuzzy controllers are being used in various control schemes. The aim of this study is to adjust the hemodialysis machine parameters by utilizing a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) so that patient's hemodynamic condition remains stable during hemodialysis treatment. For this purpose, a comprehensive mathematical model of the arterial pressure response ...

Air embolism (AE) is a potential complication during transthoracic needle biopsy (TNB). The authors report on venous and systemic AE during CT-guided TNB under general anaesthesia. During the intervention, the radiologist observed accumulation of air bubbles in the left heart chambers, in the right subclavian vein, the superior vena cava ...

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are increasing at an alarming rate in South Asia. High blood pressure is a modifiable risk factor for CVD. In this study, we evaluated the control of blood pressure and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with hypertension. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 50 ...

Cigarette smoking is a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. While the association between chronic smoking and cardiovascular disease is well established, the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood, partly due to the lack of adequate in vivo animal models. Here, we report a mouse model of chronic smoking-induced cardiovascular ...

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent and may contribute to arterial hypertension. The antihypertensive effects of vitamin D include suppression of renin and parathyroid hormone levels and renoprotective, anti-inflammatory and vasculoprotective properties. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, which are used to classify the vitamin D status, are an independent risk factor ...

There is a lack of consensus on factors that predict mortality in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Tests that can accurately predict prognosis are needed to guide treatment and counsel patients. We conducted a systematic review to identify factors that prognosticate mortality in IPAH. Study design, cohort size, comparison method, ...

Hypovitaminosis D is suspected to be linked to several types of cancer, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. This review explores the relationship of vitamin D to blood pressure and hypertension, a major cardiovascular disease risk factor. The literature up to June 2009 was searched without language or time ...

The relationship between blood pressure (BP) and cognitive outcomes in elderly adults has implications for global health care. Both hypertension and hypotension affect brain perfusion and worsen cognitive outcomes. The presence of hypertension and other vascular risk factors has been associated with decreased performance in executive function and attention tests. ...

Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is common in children during conventional, 4 hour haemodialysis (HD) sessions. The declining blood pressure (BP) was originally believed to be caused by ultrafiltration (UF) and priming of the HD circuit, however emerging data now supports a multifactorial aetiology. Therefore strategies to improve haemodynamic stability need to ...

This study examined the relationship between volunteer activity and hypertension, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, renal failure, and cognitive impairment. Employing data from the Health and Retirement Study, we estimated regression models of hypertension status that include volunteer activity and psychosocial and health behavior risk factors for middle-aged and ...

Many spiders possess myrmecomorphy, and species of the jumping spider genus Myrmarachne exhibit nearly perfect ant mimicry. Most salticids are diurnal predators with unusually high visual acuity that prey on various arthropods, including conspecifics. In this study, we tested whether predation pressure from large jumping spiders is one possible driving ...

Because traditional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are associated with increased risk for acute cardiovascular events, current guidelines recommend acetaminophen as the first-line analgesic of choice on the assumption of its greater cardiovascular safety. Data from randomized clinical trials prospectively addressing cardiovascular safety of acetaminophen, however, are still lacking, particularly in patients ...

Diverticular disease is a common cause for lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Although the hemorrhage often resolves spontaneously, some patients will require massive transfusions and emergency surgery. In this study we report risk factors predictive of severe diverticular bleeds. We completed a retrospective analysis of 99 patients, admitted with lower gastrointestinal bleeding ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic importance of positive exercise treadmill test (ETT) in predicting coronary artery disease (CAD) among asymptomatic population based on coronary angiographic findings. The comparative study was conducted on a sample of over 60-year-old asymptomatic and symptomatic patients referred to our clinics ...

For the aging populations of Europe, many emerging health problems in addition to myocardial infarction and stroke are associated with hypertension. Recently, the role of hypertension in the risk of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia has been highlighted, and there are studies to show that control of hypertension may slow ...

Blood pressure and cholesterol reduction have proven effective to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, yet adherence to medical therapy is suboptimal and contributing factors to non-adherence are not well-established. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of non-adherence to blood pressure and cholesterol-lowering medications in ...

Determining which demographic and medical variables predict the development of hypertension could help clinicians stratify risk in both prehypertensive and nonhypertensive persons. Subject-level data from 2 community-based biracial cohorts were combined to ascertain the relationship between baseline characteristics and incident hypertension. Hypertension, defined as diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, ...

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are synthesized from arachidonic acid and EETs have a number of beneficial cardiovascular actions. This has led to the concept that EETs and its metabolic pathway can be therapeutically targeted for hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. One approach has been to prevent the conversion of EETs to ...

A key challenge for humanity is how a future global population of 9 billion can all be fed healthily and sustainably. Here, we review how competition for land is influenced by other drivers and pressures, examine land-use change over the past 20 years and consider future changes over the next ...

Fat in the renal sinus (RS), a region of the kidney in which low pressure venous and lymphatic vessels are present, may indirectly influence blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between RS fat and control of blood pressure on receipt of antihypertensive medications. A ...

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is the failure of cardiovascular reflexes to maintain blood pressure on standing from a supine or sitting position. Although OH may cause symptoms of dizziness or syncope, asymptomatic OH (AOH) is far more common and is an independent risk factor for mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The ...

The effective optimization of the modifiable risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis is the cornerstone preventive cardiology. Risk factor clustering has been demonstrated to occur in a higher prevalence than would be expected by chance alone. The common cardiovascular risk factors frequently share metabolic pathways. Inflammation and oxidative stress ...

Hypertensive (HT) patients are at higher risk of cognitive decline than normotensive individuals, because high blood pressure is a risk factor for mild cognitive deterioration. In this study cardio- and cerebrovascular reactivity along with cognitive performance was assessed on newly diagnosed HT patients. Diagnosis of hypertension was based on international ...

The chronic exposure to lead represents a risk factor of arterial hypertension development. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is the most prognostically reliable method of measuring of arterial blood pressure. The study is aimed at evaluating the relationship between occupational exposure to lead and manifestation of cardiovascular complications in patients with ...

Pulse pressure (PP; i.e., the arithmetic difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure) has been suggested to be an independent cardiovascular risk (CV) factor in the general population. We previously also reported a negative association between PP and arteriogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). This finding has recently been questioned. To verify ...

Masked hypertension (MHT) is considered to be associated with organ damage, whereas the association of white-coat hypertension (WCHT) with organ damage remains controversial. Using home blood pressure measurements, we have previously reported that MHT is associated with a risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with sustained normal blood pressure ...

In Western countries, sleep deprivation has been reported to elevate blood pressure. Here, we examined whether this association is true also for an Asian population. The study sample comprised 5,393 Korean adults aged 19-99 years who had participated in the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Hypertension was ...

BACKGROUND: Three daily portions of whole-grain foods could lower cardiovascular disease risk, but a comprehensive intervention trial was needed to confirm this recommendation. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the effects of consumption of 3 daily portions of whole-grain foods (provided as only wheat or a mixture of wheat and oats) ...

Practical risk models stratifying the risk of prolonged air leak after pulmonary lobectomy have been developed and discussed. These scores may assist during preoperative patients' counseling, to identify patients at higher risk for prolonged air leak, who may benefit from the use of prophylactic measures such as the use of ...

Microalbuminuria is a prognostic marker of cardiovascular disease and is related to metabolic syndrome (MetS). For this purpose, the authors examined the relationship of low grade albuminuria to MetS, using 4 current definitions and a MetS score. They studied 6650 consecutive, nondiabetic, hypertensive patients with normal microalbumin excretion. MetS was ...

Spontaneous fluctuations of blood pressure from visit to visit have usually been disregarded as a trivial factor that confounds the 'true' associations of an individual's long-term average blood pressure with disease. The paper under evaluation shows that visit-to-visit blood pressure variability is an independent predictor of future cardiovascular events in ...

There are many theories about why selective inhibitors of the second isoform of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) increase cardiovascular risk. Although torcetrapib raises blood pressure and cardiovascular risk, it has been difficult to prove such a link for COX-2 inhibitors in randomized clinical trials. This review shows a significant correlation in placebo-controlled ...

Items from the Reinvestment Scale were modified to create a decision-specific version of the scale. Principal components analysis of responses from 165 participants revealed one-, two-, three-, and four-factor solutions for the Decision-Specific Reinvestment Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis of responses from a second sample of 111 participants revealed that a ...