1Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, 2Children's Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, 3Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, 4Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, 5Department of Paediatrics, University of Western Ontario

1Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, 2Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, 3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, 4Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester

1Synthetic Biology & Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 2Biosystems and Bioengineering Program, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea

1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 2Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, 3Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4Tissue Engineering Program, National University of Singapore, 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles

1Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, 2Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 3Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 4O’Brien Urology Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health

1Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 2Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 3Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 4Harvard Medical School, 5Department of Anesthesiology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 6Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases and the Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology of the Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital

1CiSTEM Laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 2Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Marys Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea

1The Recombinant Antibody Network, 2The Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, 3Antibiome Center, University of California, San Francisco at Mission Bay, 4Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago

1Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 2Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 3UK Veterinary Laboratories Agency, 4Visual Services, National Centers for Animal Health, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture

1Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 2Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University

1Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller University, 2Institute for Systems Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine

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JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments) is the world’s first PubMed-indexed scientific video journal. Its mission is to advance scientific research and education by increasing productivity, reproducibility, and efficiency of knowledge transfer for scientists, educators, and students worldwide through visual learning solutions.