"Small chapters": these are reviews on a subject likely to interest the readers. These "small chapters" cover only a single topic and are identified as (C) in the recent listings. Large multitopic chapters are separate from the rest of the material in an area by a subheading line. These are also not peer-reviewed

"Gallery item" recognizing that often the interest of a case are the images, and that additional text would not contribute significantly, we also accept simple images (regular 2D ultrasound images, 3D reconstructions, video-clips etc...). These are included mostly for their educational value.

"Cases of the day" are special gallery items designed to challenge the reader"s diagnostic skills and are followed after 2 weeks by a detail explanation of the case.

"Parent"s articles" are non-peer-reviewed item design to tell prospective parents what the parent"s point of view of a disorder has been. They are also designed to sensitize medical personal to the difficulties that parents are faced with.

Submissions of articles and cases for the case of the day are always welcome, but please follow a few simple guidelines when submitting.

1. Please submit files in Microsoft Word format or simple ASCII text.

2. Please send all files and graphics in one Zip archive.

3. Please name the file by the anomaly/disorder and place all graphics in a sub directory of the same name as the file.

Example. If the file is named "Achondrogenesis.html" then the graphics would be put in a directory named "Achondrogenesis".

4. Please use the template below as a guideline for formatting the document and to include all relevant information.

5. When your article/case is ready to be submitted for review, please e-mail it with a short description and any applicable notes to Philippe Jeanty MD, PhD

1)The purpose of publishing an article on this site is to further the knowledge of the ultrasound community and improve patient care. These two goals should be kept in mind when writing the manuscript. Is it clear ? Is it helpful ? Are the images convincing ?Why is it clinically relevant ?

2)Manuscript will be reviewed by 2 reviewers and comments will be inserted directly in the text. Please review the July 15, 1998 copy of the JAMA for many interesting articles on review process. In order to be a reviewer for the journal one must have published 20 manuscripts in the field of ultrasound or prenatal diagnosis. If you would like to be a reviewer please contact Philippe Jeanty at pjeanty@gmail.com

3)Fight the tendency to use abbreviations. Very few abbreviations will be allowed. Abbreviations came along when typewriters were used to shorten work. This is no longer needed. Abbreviations confuse readers especially with an international-based audience as with the web. Abbreviations that may be completely natural to English-speaking readers such as BPD for biparietal diameter, are actually spelled backward for Spanish-speaking reader, and completely different to German or Korean-speaking readers. Only abbreviations used in the International System of Units (http://www.bipm.fr/enus/3_SI/si.html) are accepted. Please use third power units: thus use “mm” (millimeter) and “m” (meter) but not “cm” centimeter. Weight should be expressed in grams “g” and kilograms “kg” (not pounds and ounces).

4)Unless impossible to express otherwise, avoid the use of such terms as “female” (a human female is a woman !), “dwarfs” (short limb dysplasia) and the likes.

5)In 20 years of doing prenatal diagnosis, I have found it exceptionally rare that the ethnic affiliation of a patient had any bearing on the likelihood of a certain type of anomaly. Much more often, I had the perception that it represented a veiled discriminatory comment about lower socio-economic status or the likes. Only include ethnic origin if there is a bearing on the report. Otherwise omit it.

6)All file formats should be PC format.Text should be MS Word or importable by MS Word (WordPerfect, WordPad, Notepad…)Images can be any format and should be digitized (if you use a scanner) at 240 lines per inch (300 dpi or equivalent). If your images are stored in Picture Archiving Systems simply send a copy as a TIFF, BMP, PNG, PICT or JPEG file. Color images are welcomed of course. Drawings should be provided in the text as Window metafile (cut from your drawing application and pasted in Word) or as EPS. Do not worry about proper sizing in the text you submit. We will take care of this.Video: If you have the capability, provide video segments since this is more attractive to many readers, send them as uncompressed AVI. We will recompress and crop the image to eliminate patient identification on our end.We will add your name on each picture so that credit is appropriately given (see the Articles section for examples). Do not forget to provide captions.

7)The simplest way to include a reference and make sure that it is correct is to download it from Medline (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed ). Find the appropriate reference, click Display, cut and paste the reference to Notepad (one of the Windows accessory) to remove all the formatting, then cut and paste again into the word file. Change the order to Authors, Title, Journal (Medline will display Journal, Title, Author)

8)References can be included as editable reference (they renumber when sections of text are moved). To do this in Word, do Insert > Footnote > Endnote and make sure that the Arabic numerals (1-2-3) are selected under Option in the footnote palette.

9)Make sure that you have spell-checked and grammar checked the manuscript before submitting. If your software allows it, select the entire text, and define it as English (in the US version of Word: Tool > Language > Set Language > English US). This will assure that the spelling is done with the correct language.

10)Remove all the material between curly bracket {} when finished using the instruction.

11)If you want to submit a review, chapter or other manuscript than a case report, please follow similar guideline as those for the case report but adapt them to the needs of your manuscript.

13)By submitting a manuscript to TheFetus.net you transfer the copyright of the material to TheFetus.net. You have automatic authorization to reuse your images and texts in other derivative materials such as book chapters and the likes. We also authorize you to resubmit the same material to print journal, although be aware that most journals will not reciprocate and may not accept to print something that is already on the web.}

Title

{The title should contain the name of the disorder and be brief. Example: use Schizencephaly, Unilateral instead of: The prenatal diagnosis of unilateral schizencephaly in an 18-week fetus.As much as possible follow established nomenclature such as that of the Birth Defect Encyclopedia, the CDC or OMIM http://www3.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim/searchomim.html }

Authors

{List the authors with first name, middle initials and last name followed by title: Example: Julia Rodriguez-Hartung, MD, Lee Young, RDMS, RVT¶. Decrease the point size of the title (MD, RDMS, PhD…) by 2 points. If authors are from different department such as Ob-Gyn, Radiology, Pathology, Surgery… add superscripts marks (*, #,^…) to identify them}

{Affiliation: provide the name of the institution and department involved, the street address, city, state (or equivalent, postal code and country. Also include the email address of the lead author or the author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Example: Address correspondence to Julia Rodriguez-Hartung (jrodriguezh@learnwell.edu ), LearnWell University, De­partment of Ob-Gyn, 1 Education drive, Sophiacity, Hippocrates 54372-5316, Romania ¶Dept. of Radiology.}

Synonyms:{Provide as many synonyms as possible. Remember that the advantage of web-based publishing over paper is the search capability.}

Definition:{What are the criteria that define the condition.Need to reference the source!}

Case report:{Describe the case-report, with particular emphasis on what where the findings, what called the condition to attention and how did the condition evolve/was managed. Be liberal with images, and of course color images and video are welcome.}

Etymology:{When conditions have names with complex Greek or Latin root, try to provide the etymology. This makes the condition easier to understand to the reader and makes it easier to remember the key feature. For example: Acromelic dysplasia comes from the Greek Acron = tip, end, extreme, top and Melos = limb and Dys = bad and Plasis = molding.When conditions have a non-English language origin try to provide the meaning (For instance “Cri du chat”: French for cat’s meowing, a reference to the cries of these babies that may be related to abnormal laryngeal formation).}

History:{Occasionally some conditions may have been represented in the Arts or have been described a long time ago. When possible try to provide some of this information. Although the retrospective diagnosis is often speculative, it helps crystallize in the reader’s memory a particular condition. Example: Pycknodystosis and the reported link to Toulouse Lautrec, the French impressionist painter whose father rejected him because he was not an able horse rider, thus helping to steer him towards a mode of expression more appropriate to his delicate bones.}

Prevalence:{When possible provide numbers as xx:10,000. Using 10,000 is an odd number but it makes the frequency more accessible. For instance Trisomy 21 is about 13:10,000, Trisomy 18 is 2-3.. This avoids very large or very small number. It also makes comparison between number easier than 1:55,000 and 2.3:25,000. When population numbers have not been established use the estimated number of reported cases: “200 cases described in the literature” or “less than 20 cases reported”. Include references.}

Pathogenesis:{The mode of development of the disorder. For example: accumulation of precursors of cholesterol.}

Sonographic findings: {What to look for when doing a standard examination to identify the specific anomaly, if it is likely or not that a standard examination would reveal the condition, and the available evidence, if existing.}

Implications for targeted examinations: {That is what to look for to diagnose the anomaly, and what level of certainty can be given to a patient at risk for the condition that it will be diagnosed.}

Differential diagnosis:{What conditions could be confused with the diagnosis}

Associated anomalies:{Anomalies that are not necessarily needed to define the condition but that may be associated with it. For example: duodenal atresia in trisomy 21.}

Prognosis:{What is the natural evolution of the disorder and what modifications of the evolution can be brought by treatment}

Recurrence risk:{What is the recurrence risk for subsequent pregnancies, and possibly when known for the future children of the affected fetus}

Management:{This is probably the most difficult because therapeutic options will vary from countries to countries. For instance termination of pregnancy for fetal malformation is not allowed in several Latin-American countries. Attempt to provide what appears the most reasonable options and when appropriate, include that termination of pregnancy is an option, even if this is not the case in your own country.}