For a refugee family in Spain, a new life presents new challenges

Ibrahim and his family, resettled refugees from Sudan, recently moved into their first apartment in Madrid, Spain. After a year spent in a reception centre, the family is adjusting to living independently.

MADRID, Spain, July 25 (UNHCR) – Ibrahim and his family were not pleased when they were told to move out of the Madrid reception centre that had been their home for a year and into a rental apartment of their own.

Most people would have been delighted to receive such an offer, but 52-year-old, his wife Awatif and their three children were refugees from Sudan. Relative strangers in a foreign land, they were still struggling to find their feet after being resettled to Spain from a hot, dusty camp in Tunisia a year ago.

"At first, they resisted leaving the centre because, without friends or relatives in Spain, we were their only contact," noted Santiago García, who runs the Vallecas reception centre in Madrid.

In the centre the family was helped to obtain health cards and international protection documents; were able to take Spanish language lessons; received psychosocial support and their children were enrolled for school.

It was an important part of their life, but UNHCR, local NGOs and the Spanish government share the goal of helping resettled refugees to become independent as soon as possible. Moving into an apartment they can call home, is a vital step in the integration process.

"It is good for them to face reality and to be able to manage their lives on the modest financial support they will receive for some months," said García. The family will face many challenges as they integrate into Spanish society, he said, adding that the couple's children, aged from nine to 13 years, are likely to adapt more quickly than their parents.

Ibrahim was born in Sudan's South Kordofan province, which became the southern border of the country once South Sudan gained its independence in 2011. The oil-rich province was rocked by fighting during the north-south war and again in recent internal clashes that forced tens of thousands to flee to South Sudan.

Ibrahim said he was persecuted in the 1990s, when he was living in the Sudanese capital Khartoum, after he accused the government of neglecting parts of the country. He says that because of this perceived anti-government criticism he was detained and imprisoned where, on several occasions, he was tortured.

In 1995, he fled to Libya, where he had relatives. He travelled by road through Darfur and Chad on an arduous journey that took several weeks. In the city of Benghazi, he met and married Awatif, also from Sudan, and they went on to have two boys and a girl.

Ibrahim worked in a variety of jobs, including as a labourer, accountant, construction worker, and hotel clerk. Life in Libya was difficult for people from sub-Saharan Africa, especially after the anti-government uprising began in February 2011, when they were seen by many as supporters of the former leader, Muammar Gaddafi.

The family eventually escaped to Tunisia, where they spent months in the Choucha refugee camp which provided temporary shelter for tens of thousands of people fleeing Libya. Last July, they flew to Spain as part of a group of 80 refugees in Choucha who were accepted for resettlement on the recommendation of UNHCR.

Ibrahim says he feels safe and comfortable in Madrid, but that he needs more time to shake off the past. "I know that the language is the most important thing now, but I just cannot concentrate. The memories are always buzzing in my head," he said in English.

He's happy his family are in their own apartment, not far from the reception centre, and proud of his children, who speak fluent Spanish and are settling in well at school and making friends. Ibrahim and his wife, meanwhile, continue to look for work at a time when many people in Spain are suffering the effects of the country's financial crisis.

Having confronted life-threatening challenges in the past, Ibrahim says he is determined to make the most of the opportunity given to him by Spain and UNHCR. "If we were able to survive so far, I should be able to offer my children a better future," he said.

Resettlement from Tunisia's Choucha Camp

Between February and October 2011, more than 1 million people crossed into Tunisia to escape conflict in Libya. Most were migrant workers who made their way home or were repatriated, but the arrivals included refugees and asylum-seekers who could not return home or live freely in Tunisia.

UNHCR has been trying to find solutions for these people, most of whom ended up in the Choucha Transit Camp near Tunisia's border with Libya. Resettlement remains the most viable solution for those registered as refugees at Choucha before a cut-off date of December 1, 2011.

As of late April, 14 countries had accepted 2,349 refugees for resettlement, 1,331 of whom have since left Tunisia. The rest are expected to leave Choucha later this year. Most have gone to Australia, Norway and the United States. But there are a more than 2,600 refugees and almost 140 asylum-seekers still in the camp. UNHCR continues to advocate with resettlement countries to find solutions for them.

Resettlement from Tunisia's Choucha Camp

Bonga Camp, Ethiopia

Bonga camp is located in the troubled Gambella region of western Ethiopia. But it remains untouched by the ethnic conflicts that have torn nearby Gambella town and Fugnido camp in the last year.

For Bonga's 17,000 Sudanese refugees, life goes on despite rumblings in the region. Refugee children continue with school and play while their parents make ends meet by supplementing UNHCR assistance with self-reliance projects.

Cultural life is not forgotten, with tribal ceremonies by the Uduk majority. Other ethnic communities  Shuluks, Nubas and Equatorians  are welcome too, judging by how well hundreds of newcomers have settled in after their transfer from Fugnido camp in late 2002.

Bonga Camp, Ethiopia

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Ahead of South Sudan's landmark January 9, 2011 referendum on independence, tens of thousands of southern Sudanese in the North packed their belongings and made the long trek south. UNHCR set up way stations at key points along the route to provide food and shelter to the travellers during their arduous journey. Several reports of rapes and attacks on travellers reinforced the need for these reception centres, where women, children and people living with disabilities can spend the night. UNHCR has made contingency plans in the event of mass displacement after the vote, including the stockpiling of shelter and basic provisions for up to 50,000 people.

Southerners on the move before Sudanese vote

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