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?AN EYEGLASS FACTORY.
COLD SPECTACLES PASS THROUGH
104. OPERATIONS.
The Lenses In tue Grinding Machines
Determining the Focal Power is a Del
icate Detail or Manufacturing - Lens
Material Is Imported from Germany.
In making, gold spectacles there are
104 operations, and they pass through
51 hands. In gold eyeglasses there
are 105 operations, and they pass
through 34 hands. In steel spectacles
there are,87 operations and 67 different
persons handle them. Steel eyeglasses
pass through 83 different hands and
there are 122 operations in them.
.In the lens department at Lensdale
all styles of spectacle and eyeglass
lenses, spherical, cylindrical, prisms,
pebbles, colored lenses, &c, are made.
The lens stock is not made in this
country, but is imported in the rough
from Germany, ?ngland and France.
It comes in oblong plates, squares,
rounds or ovals. It is gauged as to
thickness by running through a gaug
ing machine, which separates the sizes
to within a variation of one-fifth of a
millimeter. The stock is deposited in
large bins and then goes to the block
ers. These blocks are cast iron, vary
ing in diameter from three to 22 inch
es. The company makes its own laps
and 2500 different kinds are required
The blocks are heated in an oven, then
* passed to a cement kettle to receive
a covering of cement, which soon cools
when the block is taken out with the
cement sticking to it in the desired
curve. It then passes to the blocking
bench, which has a steam plate cover
ed with the desired thickness of glass
The glass is taken from the steam
plate and attached to the block.
The future value of the lens is de
termined by the skill with which these
operations are done. After the cement
. is cooled it is ready for the grinding
machines. These machines were con
structed by this company from models
designed esp?cially for the purpose
and are the largest for this work ever
built The laps are in upright condi
tion and revolve in conjunction with
the block with a peculiar compound
motion, whereby the desired service
on the lens is obtained. The lens is
thus roughed out, after which lt is
washed, then returned to the machine
to be ground with a finer grade of
emery.. 'This process is repeated sever
*"fimes" before it receives ite final
polish.
A thick coat of felt covers the polish
ing lap, which is constantly fed with
rough and water.
Much care is required in this pro
cess, as the lens at this point receives
its finishing touch, and if proper care
is not taken it will lose its spherical
- aberration. The block is then inspec
ted, and if found correct the glass is
picked off with a sharp instrument
cleaned of cement and then ground
and polished on the reverse side
When completed the lenses are placed
in separate receptacles, washed thor
oughly' and go to another department
for final inspection. This is performed
by girls, who examine them as to
quality, dividing them into two grades.
The lens is then placed in a focusing
machine to determine the focal power.
They are then wrapped in papers, each
paper containing six pairs, and aro
ready for the market
In the gold spectacle and eyeglass
department the first process through
which the gold goes is* alloying, for the
purpose of reducing the gold to the de
' karat." : Tula la-'dumj lu *fe
tomary way after melting the gold and
pouring it into bars or diff?rent sizes,
and is passed through tollers, ham
mers and drawplates until it comes
out in the desired size and shape,
either in sheets or Wire. The flat
stock is used for the bows and end
pieces of spectacles, and handles, ears
and catches for eyeglasses, which are
formed by punching dies. The wire
is made for nose pieces and springs
and also grooved for eyestock.
A separate room for this gold ma
terial is guarded by a wire grating,
and contains massive burglar-proof
vaults. This stock is distributed to
the workmen and accounted for by a
system of checks. After having passed
through the various stages of nose
piece forming, gold soldering, filing,
polishing, engraving, assembling and
lens fitting it arrives at the inspection
department completed. In this de
partment the silver spectacles and eye
glasses arc also made.
In the steel department are manu
factured all the steel, German silver,
alumnico and Roman alloy spectacles
and eyeglasses. The steel used is of
American make, and is received in
sheets, strips and wire. After manip
ulation in each department, a rigid ex
amination is made.
In this department are also included
trial frames, test rings, etc, for trial
cases. The products of this depart
ment embrace riding and single temple
spectacles, from the finest to a me
dium grade, and eyeglasses from the
lightest to an ordinary article, In every
combination and style. Many of the
styles recognized an standard were in
troduced by this company. The finest
tools and dies are constructed by its
workmen who have produced many
wonderful devices.
In the new Mechanic street factory
the company pnx uces a superior line
of eyeglasses and spectacle cases.
These are made in all grades of leath
er, alligator and snake skin and paper.
In this factory the company employs
150. hands. The company buys its
leather stock at wholesale, and has
many tons of it on hand at all times.
In this factory is also the paper box
manufacturing department which
turns out all the boy^i used in the com
pany's business.
A model carpenter shop, employing
six hands, occupies a section of this
factory. The carpenters are employed
at all times in making alterations in
the various departments. Here are al
so manufactured the trial cases made
by the company.
After the lenses are ground in the
lens factory, those Intended for use by"
the company in their own frames, and
to be sold as interchange lenses, are
transferred to the edging department,
where they are cut into their proper
sb opes and sizes, on machines origin
ated by tb i company.
The truing department employs a
large fo.ee of skilled workmen to de
tect irregularities and defects that
may exist in any goods coming into
their hands, properly, adjusting every
part.- wrapping and preparing the
goods for .shipment.
In the frameless department are
manufactured all kinds bf frameless
spectacles and eyeglasses.
Other important departments in the
factory are the gold-filled and eye
glass chain departments.
The company employs 1200 workmen,
all proficient in their work. Much of
the machinery was designed by active
members of the firm for the special
uses to which it is applied.
The company's output aggregated In
.he year 1900, 2,275,524 pair? of specta
cles ana eyeglasses. Thia mt&ns an
dL.'Vf'V/ ?.?
average of 7585 pairs a day or 12 an<!
two thirds pairs a minute. It also
made 3,496,220 pairs of spectacle and
eyeglass lenses. This is an averaga
of 11,654 pairs a day or 19 and one-half
pairs a minute.
The amount of gold and silver used
was $512,000. The amount of pay roll
was$488,602. The amount of lens
stock for spectacles and eyeglasses
used was 110 tons. The goods are
shipped to all parts of the world
Worcester Telegram.
GOING AROUND THE WORLD.
In a Few Tearer It Can Probably Bo Dono
I naide of Fl va Weeks.
Some remarks made a few week?
ago by the German emperor regarding
the use of"electricity_. for running rail
way trains has excited a fresh dis
cussion by the European press of the
time required to make the journey
round the world. The London Stand
ard, for instance, estimates that when
one can travel all the way from St.
Petersburg to- the Pacific coast by rail
the circuit of the globe can be effected
in 50 days. Except to win a bet or
for some equally unpractical purpose,
it is doubtful if anybody will ever
want to make the complete journey at
top speed. Nevertheless, those who
have occasion to travel over any con
siderable portion of this circum-mun
dane route, either for business or
pleasure, feel a. lively interest in pres
ent and future facilities for such un
dertakings.
The figures presented by our London
contemporary are certainly reason
able. Indeed, if one could be
absolutely sure of making close con
nections at all points, the time may be
reduced a trifle. Starting from New
York, two or three years hence, one
may reasonably hope to reach Paris
in six days, make the trip thence to
Tcheliabinsk in western Siberia ia six
more, spend not over 15 days in getting
to the Pacific coast, at either Vladi
vostock or Port Arthur; arrive in
Yohohama two or three days later;
cross the ocean to Vancouver in 12 or
13, and make the home run by rail in
five, taking about 47 days in all. At
two or three places, however, there
would be a chance of at least a day's
delay, while at Yokohama there might
be a much longer one. If the Van
couver steamer were missed, thc next !
best thing to do would be to take the
line to San Francisco, by the way of
Honolulu. This would involve spend
ing five more days at sea, to say noth
ing of waiting for the ship to sail. Still
if one made the -entire journey inside
of 55 days he would accomplish the
feat in about two-iairds the time re
quired by Jules Verne's hypothetical
tourist.
Looking ahead 15 or 20 years, a sav
ing of one day may be expected on the
Atlantic and three or four on thc Pa
cific. Should the experiment about to
be tried on the Clyde with a passenger
steamer equipped with steam turbines
result satisfactorily, it is likely that
the new motor will be applied to
trans-Atlantic navigation within the
next decade. Architectural improve
ments may ?yet further enhance the
speed of ocean steamships, too. But
30 knots an hour for that kind of ser- |
vice is probably a long way off. So far :
as thc marine part of the journey is
concerned, then, the greatest gain to
be anticipated during the next few
years will doubtless come from run
ning on the Pacific steamships that
are as fast as the best ones now ply
ing between America and Europe.
Fortunately, about three-i'curths of
tSxo-tretet l?fjluui'ij ??um J bim-iTO-14-.
can be covered by rail, and more con
spicuous improvements in Epeed can
be counted on by land than at sea.
These will probably be due not to tho
substitution of electricity for stearn,
but the construction of better roads.
The highest speed yet made in Siberia i
ls about 17 or 18 miles an hour. But j
the rails there are exceedingly light, ;
and the roadbed new. The line is to !
be entirely rebuilt after it is once ;
opened. When this regeneration is
effected, and 30 or 35 miles an hour is [
possible, nearly a week can be saved
in that part of the world. +uat
time doubtless a day or two can mso :
be gained in Europe, another in cross
ing the American continent, one more
cn the Atlantic, and at least three on '
the Pacific. Before the first quarter
of the present century has elapsed, :
then a man who has good luck in mak- !
ing connections can probably go round '
the world inside of five weeks.-New ,
York Tribune.
Animals That Weep.
"He cried like a calf." is a remark
sometimes heard. It is no disgrace
for a calf to cry, and he sheds tears
in quantities when his emotions justi
fy them. It is even easier-/or him to
cry than for many other animals, be
cause his lachrymal apparatus is per
fect and very productive'.
*A scientific writer says that the
ruminants are the animals which
weep most readily. Hunters have long
known that a deer at bay cries pro
fusely. The tears will , roll down the
nose of a bear when he feels that his
last hour is approaching. The big,
tender eyes of the giraffe fill with
tears as he looks at the hunter who
has wounded him.
Dogs weep very easily. The dog has
tears both in his eyes and voice when
his beloved master .goes -away and
leaves him tied up at .home. Some
varieties of monkeys seem to be par
ticularly addicted to crying, and not a
few aquatic mammals also find it easy
to weep when the occasion requires it.
Seals, in particular, are often seen to
cry.
Elephants weep profusely when
wounded or when they see that escape
from their enemies is impossible. The
animals here mentioned are the chief
ones that are Known .-to weep, but
there is no doubt that many others
also display similar emotion.-La
Nature.
Not a Hero io His Pan?liter.
When a little girl is a princess, the
baby of a family of seven, and the
only daughter in the fainjly. it is hard
ly to be wondered at if she is a trifle
petted and spoiled. He? Royal High
ness, Luise of Prussia is auch a small
malden. She is very lively, rather
pretty, a tremendous chatterbox and
the one person who does not stand in
awe of the kaiser. They are great
chums, and 'tis said by those who
have known the emperor since "his
childhood that the little/'Luischen" \
is more like her fath?rlLan any bf ]
his sons. "Luischen." said the proud
papa, when telling a friend about-Ws
daughter, "is a funny puss, full of her
own importance. She never forgets
that she is a kaiser's-daughter; but
she often forgets that I am ? kaiser!"
-New York Commercial Advertiser.
The percentage of illiteracy in Kan- I
sas -is less than it is in any state in
this Union or in any country on the
globe save Belgium.
A London journal declared that of
the 700,000 children of school age in
the London school board area, 100,000 I
are always absent
Seventy-Four Mlles An Hour.
To tv Washington group Colonel
Wella H. Blodgett, of St, Louie, told
a story of railroad travel which caused
hisjhearers to marvel. His theme waa
the improvement of transportation
facilities in the United States. His
argument was that these advantages
are coming so rapidly and with BO littlo
mention that most people do not ap
preciate them.
, "On a stretch of the Wabash re
cently," Colonel Blodgett said, '' sov
eral of us were at breakfast. The
coffee cups stood so evenly that,
although they wero full, not a drop
splashed over the sides. Conversa
tion turned upon speed, and one who
was at the table remarked lhat he had
often desired to realize what a rapid
rate meant. He said he had been un
the New York Central when it was
going s'xty miles an hour, but lie had
his doubt about'it, because tho jar did
not indica'e anything nnnsnal.
"At the time of this conversation
the car upon which we were taking a
meal did not seem to be making any
unusual time. Wo" discussed the
sense of speed as it would bo expe
rienced by the traveler. As a matter
of curiosity, we asked the conductor
to look at the registering apparatus
at the end of the car. He came back
and reported the traiu was going
seventy four miles an hour.-Wash
ington Post.
' SLEEP, BABY, SLEEP.- .
"See herc," exclaimed Mr. Popleigh,
"I don't propose to have that burglar |
alarm in our bedroom. We'll put it
down stairs in the hall."
"Nonsense!" replied his wife. "Then
we wen't hear it when it goes off."
"Neither will the baby. That's thc
main point."-Philadelphia Press.
SWELL AFFAIRS.
Miss Fortysummers-"Now, I re
member the time when hoopskirts were
considered quite the proper thing."
Alex Smart-"I guess they were swell
affairs in those days."-Ohio State
Journal.
Priming Without Ink.
A company has been formod to control the
proco.ss o'" printing without ink, and in a
? hort timo it is oxpected that old methods wilt
bc rovolutionizod. Thnre is ono thing, hox
ever, that'has resisted all innovations ; tba; is,
Hostettor'u Stomach Bitters. It is a wonder
ful medicino for dyspepsia, indigestion, bili
ousnrsi, insomnia, constipation and nervous
ness. It also prorents malaria, fevor and
aguo. Try it, and you will not be disappointed.
A camel can carry on a day's journey a
burden of 4.00 pounds, which is double that
of thc ability of an ox.
Dyeing is BB Fimple os washing when yon
nee " ruTKAM FAL'FLEES DTEB; Sold by all
druggist_
There are ten battalions in the British
regular army thnt wear the old Scotch
kilts._
The municipality of Chicago employs 182
women in various capacities.
Once Tried, ?vor Forsaken.
This has bern tho history of Crab Orchard
Watar. Il maker, fricnils; "it keep; them. It
does all that is ciamrid for it.
Time may be money, but most of us i
would rather give up oui* time than our
money.
J?JTS permanently cured. No fit? or nervous
ness after Hrs. day's use ot Dr. Klino's Great
Nervo T?cstoror. $2 trial bottle and treatise froo
Dr: il. H. KUXE, Ltd., 031 ArchSt., Phila., Pa.
Great Britain eats her entire wheat crop
in about thirteen weeks.
A. M. "Priest. Druggist, Shrlbyvillo, Ind.,
Bays: "Hall's Catarrh Cure gives the bott of
eatisfection. Can g )t plenty of testimonials,
as it cures overy one wno lakes it." Druggists
sell it, 75c.__
?o other sovereigrTlrTTIie world bas as
many physicians os thc Czar.
AV rs. Window's Soothing Syrup for children
toothing. Foft' n tho gunin, reducen inflamma
tion, allays pain, cures win.l colic. 25c a bottle.
In society it is more blessed to be polite
than to be truthful.
Tiso's Cure cannot bo too highly spoken of
as a cough care.-J. W. O'J?UIBN, S22 Third
Avenue, N., Minneapolis, J?an., Jan. C, IMO.
v
Ireland sends to England 237,000 tons
of meat a year.
Jf you want "good digestion to wait upon
your appetite*' you should always chew a bar
of Adams' Popan? Tutti l? ulti.
A cord of wood weighs, on an average,
two and a half tons.
To frown in a mirror will cost a serious
ret?ection on any girl.
WHY MRS. WHAM
Is Able to Help Sick Women
When Doctors Fail.
now gladly would men fly to wo
man's aid did they but understand a
woman's feelings, trials, sensibilities,
and peculiar organic disturbances.
Those things are known only to
women, and the aid a man would give
is not at his command.
To treat a case properly it is neces
sary to know all about it, and full
information, many times, cannot be
given by a woman to her family phy
MKS. G. IL CHAPPELL.
sician. "he cannot bring herself to
tell everything, and thc physician is
at a constant disadvantage. This is
why, for the past twenty-five years,
thousands of women have been con
fiding their troubles to Mrs. Pinkham,
and whose advice has brought happi
ness and health to countless women in
the United States.
Mrs. Chappell, of Grant Park, 111.,
whose portrait-we publish, advises all
suffering women to seek Mrs. Pink
ham's advice and usc L}'dia E. Pink
ham's Vegetable Compound, as they
cured her of ittflamrnntion of the ovaries
and womb ; she, therefore, speaks from
knowledge, and her experience ought
.to give others confidence. Mrs. Pink
ham's address is Lynn, Mass., and her
advice, is absolutely free,
nfi>ADQV NEW DISCOVERY: riTM
'.LS Ba Nta? ~ CD 1 quick rflirf and oura? wornt
rase?, l'.ook o? to.-tuooniaU aud 1 (I tin vn' treatment
Freo. Sr. H: ir. OREEN B BONS, tot 8. Atlanta. Ot.
"Tb o .?lance that natte Weat Point fan.??.??
MclLHENNY'S TABASCO.
UsftERTAIN EFCURE.!
..io- R I SO 'S 'C!C/ R' ETT F OB
In writing to admrtiaert.
AjrtMWl-Twenty.two
SeZODOHT Tooth Powder 2?0
To Drive Ants from the Lawn.
Fine coal ashes sprinkled ahout the
burrows of ants will cause them to
leave. Ashes may be used oh the
lawn without injury to the grass.
Sifted ashes are best, but those fresh
from thc stove, shaken from the stove
shovel, will answer the purpose very
wei!.-Ladies* Home Journal.
Scabby Potatoes.
Some one expresses an opinion that
the scab on potatoes is worse where
the ground is packed solid or ,is al
lowed to crust over. If this is true it
should be less abundant where a
strawy manure is used than where
commercial fertilizers are used, which
is not often the case. A soil made
loose and porous by having green rye
cr a heavy grass sward plowed under
just before the seed is planted' will
grow potatoes free from scab almost
invariably, but we think that the de
caying vegetation kills the fungus that
causes the scab.?
?oort Pnro Bred Sheep.
The country is full of good grades.
They are what most breeders must
content themselves with. In the groat
majority of instances they are just
as profitable to the owners, and in
many cases even more so .than the
best. Not quite as much money is in
volved possibly, there is far less ".risk
In breeding and raising, and in the
end just as much percentage of profit.
It would be out of the question to at
tempt to limit such a class of sheep
within certain cash values. There is
far too much difference in the various
breeds. It would seem, however," that
$40 to $50 ought to buy a ram good
enough for the average pure bred,
flock. There are hundreds bought and
sold for less. Thc superfine is a class
that does not materially effect the
average farmer, and sheep breeder.
In prices this class has practically no
limit. It is made up of sheep of the
best quality and are consequently
what may be called tho "best" in
rheep breeding. Their excellence lies
iu qualities that are far beyond mar-_
kct values.
Mixing Fertilizer* nt Hom?.
There is one advantage in mixing
fertilizers at home, that if one has a
definite idea of thc elements most
needed in his soil, or by those crop3
he intends to grow, he can usc them
in such proportions as he wishes, with
out buying such as are not needed.
He can also usually buy the raw ma
terial at such prices as may save him
the usual commission paid to the
agents, and the cost of bagging, and
put into his pocket also the price,
charged for the mixing. A part of the
two first items is more imaginary than
real, however, as the dealer wants
profits on the material, as he would
have on the manufactured goods. But
if the farmer decides- to do this we
advise him against the buying of raw
phosphatic rock or bone, and mixing it
with sulphuric acid. The carboys of
acid are unpleasant things to handle,
as the acid burns clothing or flesh
wherever it touches them, and rail
roads charge high rates of freight on
them, because of the danger of break
ing in transportation. It is better to
buy the acid phosphate 14 to 16 per
cent strong. . j
. Sun . Bath for Horso?T~~ ~ j~~
Sunshine is needed to ke?p horses
in vigorous health and spirits. To
keep them shut up in a dark stable
month in and month out is not the
right treatment. Joseph Cairn Simp
son gives as one cause of the superior
ity of California horses the vivifying
effects of the rays of the sun of that
climate. He claims that the superior
nerve force of California horses is at
tributable in a large measure to the
bright rays of the sun. In his natural
state the horse has abundant light
and fresh air and bright sunshine.
When deprived of these he necessarily
loses a part of his vigor.
In connection with every stable
there should be a lot protected in win
ter as much as possible from the pene
trating winds in which stable horses
may bc turned to obtain sun baths and
pure air and needed exercise
whether thc horses are driven or not.
In this lot they can roll and disport
themselves at pleasure. In warm days
a couple of hours enjoyed by each
horse daily will prove very healthful
and invigorating. The Rural World
most earnestly recommends to stable
men the necessity of a lot on the south
side of the stable if possible, into
which horses may be turned on pleas
ant days to secure sun baths and
fresh p.!r and freedom from restraint.
-Coleman's Rural World.
Tho Flower Garden.
We used to know an old lady who
said that a house without any flowers
around it always looked "dreadful
lonesome." It certainly does haye a
sort of deserted and neglected look,
if there are no plants in either door
yard or window., and the farmer, has
little excuse for not having a few.plants
to brighten un his premises and give
a touch of color to them. There are
the old-fashioned annuals, alyssum,
mf.nonette, petunia, nicotiana, all of
WK are frangrant, nasturtium,, both
dw and climbing, balsams, even the
sho marigolds, zinnia, poppies, co
reop and the morning glories to
covei ie fence or building. Seed of
any o ?sc can be bought for'a few
cents, . if the flowers are not. kept
too clo- y picked they will seed the
ground so that really they may be
called perennial. A little more trou
ble to sow seed in the house, or a
little expense for plants, will give the
asters, verbenas, pinks, salvias; and
stocks, and the various pelargonium
or geranium.
Then there are the bulbs,, peony,
dahlia, gladiolus, and the many differ
ent lilies, cannas and tuberose, all
easy of cultivation, none very*expen
sive, and with such powers of renewal
or increase from roots than in a7- few
years one may have them to sell or
give away.
We would by no means neglect to
have roses, and there are the old
standards and the newer competitors
for popular favor, the climbing Ram
blers, in crimson, pink and yellow, so
loaded with blossoms and such vigor
ous growers that each bush els "a
thing of beauty" the entire season.
The rudbeckia or golden glow, like--'
a double sunflower, and the douteic
hollyhocks, like the dahlias, are^a lit
tle more to be admired as a j back
ground for smaller plants than In tlft
front, yet If "distance lendj enbhaut
ment to the view," they aref well
worthy of a place, when perhaps they
may serve io conceal some less;pleas
ing obj." r . nd lin- ;.: r^nwer,] from
the mammotn ?..-, > y,. . -X ajB0
Berve a good purpose in this yny.
In abort, 'te uoahi i..ck>? out inita
a Hst," none of which ws -"aovh? want
,to be withour ir we .7 ve ou ce moro
i
back on the farm, where we could
have room for a few plants and a few
bush fruits and a few chickens. "We
might be richer than we are now, but
we think we would feel so.-American
Cultivator.
Feeding Stock on Short Katloni.
It is an easy matter to feed stock
when fodder is plenty, but when there
ls a shortage, it becomes a serious
matter with farmers of how to length
en the haymow and what stock can
best be sold. It is generally unwise
to sell young stock which will sooi
come into profit, yet this is often done.
A few good facts on this subject are
laid down by Secretary B. Walker Mc
Keen in a recent bulletin of the Maine
board of agriculture, who says:
. ' Rigid selection must be the motto of
the successful stock feeder. Let us
look our-herds over carefully, remem
bering that a good animal is cheap at
any price and that a poor animal is
dear at any price. Select accordingly.
Place the poor ones on the market to
the best possible advantage, either for
what they will bring ss they are, or
by feeding and selling ourselves.
Purchased grains must, of course,
come into use. but they must be pur
chased and fed judiciously. Let thc
roots, the vegetable wastes and every
thing about the farm do their full
share in supplementing the hays and
straws of the farm. Do not forget
that an ounce of digestible food nu
trients in straw is as valuable as it
ls in the best of hay and that if the
straw is fed so that it is readily eaten,
Jts full value will bc secured.
Let us not forget that every thing
that grows upon the farm that has
any food value can be used to good
advantage if properly fed, that in
nearly every instance where trouble
from using any of these articles the
famlt is with the feeder and not with
the food. At prices that often prevail
oats are an economical grain ration.
They make the best cf food for build
ing bone and muscle, and for making
milk. Cornmeal is the cheapest pro
ducer of beef. A combination of the
two, with small amounts of cottonseed
or gluten added, will make the best
and most economical purchased grain
ration. Where the silo is filled with
well-eared corn, the grain bill will be
reduced and the full number of ani
mals can bc maintained.
_
DeRtrnction of Werdg.
According to a bulletin issued by
the department of agriculture interest
is being shown at a number of agri
cultural experiment stations in the
possibility of weed destruction by
means of chemicals. It is said that
as long ago as 1895 it was found at
the Vermont station that thc orange
hawkseed, a serious pest in pastures
and meadows, could be destroyed
/without injury to the grass by sowing
salt over the land at the rate of 3000
pounds to the acre. Many experiments
-have since been conducted at the
same station with other chemicals for
the eradication of weeds in walks,
drives, etc. Among the chemicals
tested were salt, copper sulphate, ker
osene, liver of sulphur, carbolic acid,
arsenic and salsoda. arseniatc of soda
"and two commercial weed killers, the
active principle of which apparently
was arsenic. The weeds which is wa3
sought to destroy were piaintains,
dandelion, chicory, ragweed, knotweed
and various grasses. All the chemi
cals were applied in solution except
the salt As in the case of the hawk
weed experiments, salt was found ef
ficient in destroying all the weeds
-~jmu .uryijUoaTH j ' wrt lu IBf I.
tity.
When salt is used for this purpose
adjacent lawns should be protected
against washing, or they may be in
jured. Crude carbolic acid, one pint
in four pints of water, applied at the
rate of eight gallons per square rod,
was very efficient. The various arsen
ical preparations proved valauble as
weed destroyers, and choice between
them was largely a matter of expense.
"All things considered," writes the
author of the bulletin, "the arsenate of
soda and the carbolic acid solutions
proved the most valuable chemicals
for weed destruction under thc condi
tions of these experiments."
A series of experiments in weed
destruction in fields of growing grain
has been carried on at the North Da
kota and other stations, as well as at
many places abroad. Several years
ago, in France, it was accidentally
found that a soultion of blue vitriol
destroyed charlock, or wild mustard
plants. Acting upon this, experiments
have been conducted in France, Ger
many and England, where charlock is
one of the worst weeds in grain fields,
meadows and pastures. The method
employed is to spray the crop with
solutions of blue vitriol while the
weeds are young and not too well pro
tected. While the results obtained
are in.some respects conflicting, the
best results have been secured when
a two percent solution is sprayed over
the field at the rate of from 40 to GO
gallons per acre. The spraying should
be done on a clear, still day, and be
fore the weeds begin to come into
flower. If a rain should fall within
24 hours or the weeds are too old a
second spraying will oe necessary.
This treatment has been repeatedly
tested without permanent injury to
wheat, oats, barley and rye, while
such weeds as charlock, shepherd's
purse, penny cress, etc.. were almost
completely destroyed. No injury fol
lowed such treatment upon young
clover growing in the grain.
At the North Dakota experiment
station a 10 percent solution of blue
vitriol was sprayed, over an exception
ally weedy plat of wheat, the princi
ple weeds being charlock, wild bar
ley, wild rose, penny cross, shepherd's
purse, wild buckwheat, lamb's quarter
and great ragweed. The spraying
was made June 1 when the wheat was
three to five inches high, and on Aug
ust 8 all the weeds except the wild
rose and the older plants of penny
cress were dead. Some of the leaf
tips of the wheat had been slightly
burned, but the yield of grain, it is
said, was considerably larger than
from an equal unsprayed area. On
June 20 part of an oat field contain
ing many weeds was sprayed with a
solution of one pound of copper sul
phate to four gallons of water. The
oats at the time were about six inches
high, the weeds being about the same
height.
An examination of the plants was
made on August 1, and thc treated
area/was free of all weeds except pig
eon-' grass and wild rose. The oat
'pi an ts were stalky and well stooled,
while on the untreated area the plants
were weak and failed to stool. The
crop on the sprayed portion was be
lieved to be at least one-third moro
than upon the unsprayed area. Tho
solution was employed at the rate of
40 gallans per acre.
tJminlly tho Cuso
Little Waldo-Papa, what ia a li
brary?
Mr. Roedor-A library, my son, ls a
large uumber of books which a Han
loans to friends.-Harper's Bazar.
?J
"NEW RIVAL" FACTORY LOADED SHOTGUN SHELLS
outshoot all other black powder shells, because they are made
better and loaded by exact machinery with the standard brands of
powder, shot and wadding? Try thea and you will be convinced.
LL ? REPUTABLE DEALERS ? KEEP ? THEM
Uncovering the Head.
Men did not always observe ihe pro
prieties by uncovering the heai!. Tha
custom of lifting the hat as seen now
originated during the age of chivalry,
when it was customary for knights never;
to appear in public except in full armor.
Upon entering an assembly, however, a
knight would remove his helmet, to sig
nify that he felt safe in the presence of
friends. From "this custom came the
practice of lifting the hat on meeting
a friend.
THE HUMOR'S OF TRAVEL.
"Did Gara bring home an interest
ing lot of photographs of her foreign
tour?"
"Yes-dreadfully funny; she didn't
writ? names on them and can't tell what
more than half of them are."
There is beauty in a wrinkled face,
providing it ls not wrinkled by selfish
ness.
Cn rei Cancer and Blood I?oi*on.
Contagious blood poipon, old eating ulcer*,
scrofula, bono pains, lallinf huir, mucous
patches, and deadly cancer running, fester
in?sores, persistent pimples, cured by li. 13. B.
(Botanic Blood Balm), which kills the poison.
Heals every sore; especially recommended for
old, obstinato cases. Druggists, fl. Describe
trouble* and trial treatment sent free by writ
ing Br. Gillam, 12 Mitchell St., Atlanta, Ga.
li's thc early worm *hat gets on the fish
hvok. _
Children Like lt.
When your child's ryes eoro uso Jno. R.
Dickey's oiu Holla bio Eye-water. Relieves at
OUCH. " Don't burn-fools good. Dl-.-?oy Drug
Co., Bristol, Tenn.
Thc combined fortunes of thc Roth
schilds is about $300,000,000.
Jl?k Tonr Dealer for Allen's Foot-Kase,
A powder to shako into your shoos ; rosta the
feet. Cures Corns, Buuions. Swollen, Bore,
Hot, Callous, Aching, Sweating Feet and In
growing Natts. Allen's Foot-Ease makes now
or tight shoos cosy. At all druggists and
?hoe stores, 25 cts. Sample mailed FBEE.
Address Allen S. Olmsted, LoBoy, N. Y.
Out of every three persons struck by
lightning two recover
If Yo? Ifavo Rheumatism
Send no money, but writo Dr. Shoop, Racine,
Wis.. Box 148, for six bottles of Dr. ^hoop's
Rheumatic Cure, oxp. paid. If cured pay $5.50.
If not, it is free.
Switzerland cultivates 35,000,000 fruit
trees.
To produce the best results
in fruit, vegetable or grain, the
fertilizer used must contain
enough Potash. For partic
ulars see our pamphlets. We
send them free.
GERMAN KALI WORKS,
Q3 Nassau St., New York.
cg
A natural medicinal water-concentrated.
Aperient laxative, tonic A specific for all
liver, kidney, stomach and bowel d corrie rs.
It cores-Torpid LIv?r, ?Ulou???-??, Jaun
dice, Chronic ?I.paie? of the Kidneys,
Dyspepsia Heartburn, Vick Headache,
Dysentery Constipation, Pile?.
Crab Orchard Water ls tbe most effi
cacious of the natural mineral waters; mest
convenient to take; most
economical to buy.
The genuine ls sold bj
all druggists with Crab
Appi trade mark on
every bottle.
CRAB ORCHARD WATER CO., Louisville, Ky.
W.L.DOUGLAS
$3. & $3.50 SHOES MADE.
Beal worth of W. Douglas S3 and
S J.SO abor, la ?4 to SS. Sly S I
Oilt ?dge Llae cannot be equalled
nt any price.
It ls not alone the bent
loather that makes a fl nt
?iass shoe lt la the brains,
that have planned the best
?lyle, laut? a perfect model
of the foot, and the construction of the shoe, lt ls mechanical s'Ui: and
knowledge that have made W. L. Douglas shoes the best In the world for men.
Take no ?til).tl tutr. Insist on narine W. L. Douglas shoes with name
and pries stamped on bottom. Yonr dealer shonld keep them, If bo does not,
scud for catalog givLng full Instructions how to order ny mall.
W. L.. DOUUL.AS, Urockton, Mosa.
In our
Roasting
Establish
ments we
positively
do not allow
the use of
Eggs,
Egg Mixtures,
Glue,
Chemicals,
similar
LION
COFFEE
is an
absolutely
Pure Coffee.
" TBE NEW KING COLE."
Watch our next advertisement.
Just try a package of LION COFFEE
and you will understand the reason of its
popularity.
LION COFFEE is now used in mil
lions of homes.
Old King Cole was a merry old soul,
And a merry old soul was he;
He called for his pipe-but instead of a glass
He called for LION COF-FEE.
For Old King Cole was a shrewd old soul
And he couldn't be fooled on brands,
"LION" got his vote, for it has no coat
On its merits alone it stands.
Old King Cole had a wise old poll,
And a wise old poll had he,
He ate and he drank foods of highest rank
So he favored LION COF-FEE.
And he knew 'twas best, by a varied test
That millions of homes it pleas?
That his ?ppetItT~?pp?asecL r "; ?
If Old King Cole could have control
Today of the public mind,
No Coffee brand but thc "LION" grand
On the market w could find.
And the LION heads whose value spreads
Satisfaction through the land,
Would be bringing grist from thc Premium List
Given with the LION brand!
In every package of LION COFFEE you will find a fully illustrated and descriptive list. No housekeeper, in
fact, no woman, man, boy or girl will fail to find in the list some article which will contribute to their happiness,
comfort and convenience, and which they may have by simply cutting out a certain number of Lion Heads from
thc wrappers of our one pound sealed packages (which is the only form in which this excellent coffee is sold).
W00L50N SPICE CO., TO LT: DO, OHIO.
WMBMHBaWMMWaBaiai I
Causes bilious head-ache, back-ache
and all kinds of body aches. Spring
is here and you want .to get this bile
poison out of your system, easily,
naturally and gently. CASCARETS
are just w.'iat you want; they never
grip or gripe, but will work gently
while you sleep. Some people think
the more violent the griping the better
the cure. Be careful-take care of
your bowels-salts and pill poisons
leave them weak, and even less able to
keep up regular movements than be
fore. The only safe, gentle cleaner
for the bowels are sweet, fragrant
CASCARETS. They don't force
out the foecal matter with violence,
but act as a tonic on the whole 30 feet of bowel wall, strengthen the
muscles and restore healthy, natural action-buy them and try them.
You will find in an entirely natural way your bowels will be promptly
and permanently put in good order for the Spring and Summer work.
10c
25c
ALL DRUGGISTS.
nil bowel ironbks, appendicitis, bil
iousness, bad breath, bad blood, wind
on tho niomach, bloated bowel?, fonl
mouth, headache. Indigestion, pimplen,
pallis nl'ier catii:::, lirer trouble, Ballow complexion
anr^dlzxlnc?*. When your bowels don't move reja?
lai'y yon aro gctiimr ?ich. Cortf-ltpntloii kill* moro
people iban nil oilier dlscn-ci* toj-othor. It ls n
starter for tho chronic aliments and Jon?; years of
suffering that como afterwards. No matter what
aili yon, ?tart tatting CASC'AltETS to-day, for you
will never get well and bo well all tho time until
yon put your bowels right. 'J ake our nd*, icc: start
with CASCAtlKTS Jonday, tinder on absolute gear,
anteo to sure or roor.oy rol and ci. ?tx
NEVER
SOLD IN BULK.
TO CY TIE: Fire years ago
tbe t*r>t box of t'ASCAK
ET8 vrai Bold. Kow lt U
ever alx minion boxe* a
year, creator than ?ny
clnallar medicine In the world. Thia la abaolnte proof of
prent merit, ami ?ur beat tntlmonlnl. Wo hare faith and
vriil aell CASCAR UTS nbaolntcly guaranteed to euro or
money refnnded. On bay today, two ?Oc boxea, eire them a
fair, nonet trial, ui peralmnle directions, and If yon ar?
not aatl.?ed, after mt nz one fiOcbox, retara thc annsedoOe
box and tho empty box to a? by mall, or the 4 rn sc! ct from
whom yon nnrchaaed lt, and set yonr money bock for both
boxes. Taso oar advice-no matter whnt nfl* yon-start to?
dny. Health will anlcttly follow and yon will hies? th? day
?aa fl rat started then?* o'CASCA RETB. Book fres hy ra ali,
JarcKi oTWUXG BEX?D? CO., KEW YOBS or CUlUuO.