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VITAVM®9

VITA VM 9 is a highly-esthetic, fine-structure feldspar ceramic that is perfectly adapted to the CTE value of zirconia frameworks (approx. 10.5, e.g. such as VITA YZ) – regardless of whether they are white, colored or translucent.

In addition, you can also use VITA VM 9 for individualizing restorations made from VITABLOCS MARK II and VITA PM 9 press ceramic pellets.

The main components are pure-grade potash and albite feldspar materials that offer brilliant shade effects as well as optimum physical properties, such as extreme flexural strength values.

Accumulation of plaque on the ceramic surface is significantly reduced, supporting the patient in caring for their high-quality restoration.

VITA VM 9 is a high-quality system component provided by the innovative VITA VM concept – the universal solution for all common indications. Metal-ceramics, all-ceramics or composite: the possibilities are endless!

VITA AKZENT Plus and VITA INTERNO stains are also available for individual finalization.

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Tearing

To support the structure, model in reduced tooth size in order to achieve a uniform layer thickness of the ceramic. Ensure cuspal support of the posterior area. Ensure U-shaped modellation of the interdental spaces.

When mixing all ceramic materials ensure that no bubbles are formed. Make sure that the liquid is added to the powder from the side and stir the mixture thoroughly using a glass or agate spatula. The use of metal spatulas can lead to metal abrasion and discoloration of the ceramic.

Keep workplace clean; dust and dirty brush water may cause problems (such as formation of bubbles).

Do not apply insulating (separating) liquids too thickly.

When firing bridges, always separate down to the substructure. Shrinkage of the ceramic always occurs only in the thickest area. Therefore a uniform layer thickness is recommended. Do not use any dry or saw-toothed instruments. The use of these instruments can cause the ceramic to become detached and separated from the surface.

Ensure correct firing parameters and firing temperature. For the muffle test, use a mirror to look into the firing chamber and check whether the muffle is firing properly.

If a rubber polisher is used before the final finishing, the surface must not be wetted with liquid again. It must first be cleaned. It is not sufficient to clean it using a steam cleaner or with water. Silicone residue at the surface must be removed mechanically using a goat-hair brush.

Insulation material residue must not be left on the ceramic surface. Contact with the freshly insulated antagonists (opposing jaw) can lead to problems.

When filling the interdental spaces during bridge correction, do not vibrate the material until dry, otherwise the material will not bond. Interdental spaces should be wetted with an oily liquid (e.g. VITA Interno) before filling.

Bubbles

Use only diamond instruments and a water-cooled turbinefor processing the substructure. Do not apply too muchpressure and use the indicated speed (observe manufacturer'sinstructions). Avoid heat development at thesurface during finishing. Do not use finishing instrumentsunless necessary. Thermal (heat) treat substructure aftergrinding.

When mixing all ceramic materials ensure that no bubblesare formed. Make sure that the liquid is added to thepowder from the side and stir the mixture thoroughlyusing a glass or agate spatula. The use of metal spatulasmust be avoided since it may lead to metal abrasion anddiscoloration of the ceramic.Keep workplace clean; (metal) dust and dirty brush watermay cause problems (such as formation of bubbles).Insulating liquids must not be applied too thickly.

Ceramic materials should not be mixed with modellingliquid but with distilled water when remixing them.It must also be ensured that the mixture is free frombubbles. A homogeneous moisture level of the layeredceramic must be achieved. Do not keep re-wetting orallow it to dry out.

Sandblasting the structure with AL2O3 after the first firingmay cause the formation of bubbles.

Shade too grey / too pale

When mixing all ceramic materials ensure that no bubblesare formed. Make sure that the liquid is added to thepowder from the side and stir the mixture thoroughlyusing a glass or agate spatula. The use of metal spatulasmust be avoided since it may lead to metal abrasion anddiscoloration of the ceramic.Keep workplace clean; dust and dirty brush water maycause problems (such as formation of bubbles).Insulating liquids must not be applied too thickly.

Insulation (separating) material residue must not be lefton the ceramic surface. Do not use baby oil or similarliquids for insulating. Contact with the freshly insulatedantagonists (opposing jaw) can lead to problems.

Veneer thickness insufficient; thickness of the ceramiclayer of ≥0.6 is required to ensure reliable shadereproduction.

Ceramic materials should not be mixed with modellingliquid but with distilled water when remixing them.It must also be ensured that the mixture is free frombubbles. A homogeneous moisture level of the layeredceramic must be achieved. Do not keep re-wetting orallow it to dry out.

Incomplete predry; liquid did not completely evaporateduring firing.

Excellent match with the shade guide but considerable...

...deviation after seating (appears too dark).

A discolored die may be the cause. Therefore the shadeof the die must be checked and the die must be coatedor bleached if necessary. Use of Vita Simulate (prep shade)material is highly recommended.

Errors during firing

Ensure good marginal adaptation of the materials.If necessary, use a dry and clean brush to smooth theseareas before firing.

When firing bridges, always separate down to thesubstructure in the interdental spaces prior to the firstdentine firing. Shrinkage of the ceramic always occurs inthe thickest area; therefore a uniform layer thickness isrecommended. Do not use any dry and saw-toothedinstruments. These may cause the ceramic to becomedetached and separate from the surface of the substructure.

Crown has a "lifeless" appearance or insufficient translucency(incorrect liquid may have been used).

VITA VM 9 MARGIN materials are available; however,these materials are only used for minor corrections ofmargins.

Can the zirconium oxide substructure be...

...completely sandblasted before it is veneered with VITA VM 9?

No, mechanical surface treatment such as grinding withdiamond instruments and sandblasting may supply hypercriticalquantities of energy to the zirconium oxide substructure,which may result in deformation of large areasof the crystal lattice or even in the phase transition ofZrO2. As a consequence, complex stress can be formedat the interface of the veneer which may result in theimmediate failure or also in subcritical crack growth andconsequential latent damage to the restoration.This effect can be detected e.g. by radiographic phaseanalysis (fig. 1). Compared with tetragonal ZrO2, monoclinic,ZrO2 features a lower CTE.

If the zirconium oxide restoration is to be cemented usinga phosphate monomer containing composite(e.g. PANAVIA), sandblasting of the adhesion surfaceswith AL2O3 (max. 50 μm) at a pressure of ≤ 2.5 bars willcreate a permanent bond between the composite and theoxide ceramic.

Chipping

When modelling the framework, the minimum layer thicknesses should be observed right from the beginning to ensure minimum wall thicknesses of 0.5 mm in the circumferential and 0.7 mm in the occlusal area. Follow manufacturers' instructions concerning the thickness of junctures.

If minor corrections of the substructures need to be performed after sintering, work exclusively with diamonds and a turbine with water cooling. Do not sandblast the outer surfaces. Do not apply too much pressure and use the indicated speed (observe manufacturer's instructions).

Avoid heat development at the surface. Do not use finishing instruments since their binders may adhere to the surface. After grinding, thermal treatment (regeneration firing) is recommended to reverse any phase transitions on the surface. Resulting microcracks cannot be regenerated.

To support the structure, model in reduced tooth size in order to achieve a uniform layer thickness of the ceramic. Ensure cuspal support of the posterior area. Ensure U-shaped modellation of the interdental spaces.

Substructure should exclusively be finished with diamond abrasives and turbine with water cooling. Do not sandblast the outer surfaces. Do not apply too much pressure and use the indicated speed (observe manufacturer's instructions).

To achieve optimum wetting of the ZrO2 surface, we recommend a Base Dentine washbake (alternatively, Transpa Dentine, Chroma Plus, Effect Liner, etc. may also be used). The material must be applied in accordance with the working instructions. To ensure proper melting of the Base Dentine, the correct temperature (+40°C compared to the normal firing temperature) must be kept. The surface needs to exhibit a brilliant appearance.

When preparing a ceramic veneer, a uniform layer thickness across the entire surface to be veneered must be ensured.

Ensure correct firing parameters and firing temperature. A different heat-up rate (for example 45°C per minute), is recommended for large-span bridges and thick bridge units due to the low thermal conductivity.

Grind the surface of the ceramic with diamond abrasives. Avoid developing heat during grinding. When using blunt diamonds, do not increase the grinding pressure but replace the abrasive instrument. When using a turbine, water cooling must always be ensured.

If the restoration needs to be adjusted (ground) when it is tried in, it must be smoothed again. Polishing or glaze firing have proved to be highly suitable.

The entire thickness of the ceramic layer should not exceed 2 mm.

To avoid any residual thermal stress in the veneering material, in particular in large restorations such as large molars, pontics or bridges, we recommend slow cooling down to the transformation temperature of the veneering material (approx. 600°C for VITA VM 9). This should be accomplished during the final firing of the restoration, whether that be a dentine, enamel or glaze firing.

Pinholing in the surface

When mixing all ceramic materials ensure that no bubblesare formed. Make sure that the liquid is added to thepowder from the side and stir the mixture thoroughlyusing a glass or agate spatula. The use of metal spatulasmust be avoided since it may lead to metal abrasion anddiscoloration of the ceramic.Keep workplace clean; dust and dirty brush water maycause problems (such as formation of bubbles).Insulating (separating) liquids must not be applied toothickly.

Ceramics should not be mixed with modelling liquid butwith distilled water when remixing them. It must also beensured that the mixture is free from bubbles. A homogeneousmoisture level of the layered ceramic must beachieved. Do not keep re-wetting or allow it to dry out.

The correction porcelain should not be applied in insufficientportions. Make sure it does not dry out toomuch. If necessary use a liquid which keeps it moist over an extended period.

Wet ground surfaces before applying ceramic material (do not use oily liquids such as Interno Liquid).

Black specks in the ceramic

When mixing all ceramic materials ensure that nobubbles are formed. Make sure that the liquid is added tothe powder from the side and stir the mixture thoroughlyusing a glass or agate spatula. The use of metal spatulasmust be avoided since it may lead to metal abrasion anddiscoloration of the ceramic.

Do not apply insulation (separating) liquids too thick. Do not use baby oil or similar liquids.

Cracking

To support the structure, model in reduced tooth size inorder to achieve a uniform layer thickness of the ceramic.Ensure cuspal support of the posterior area.Ensure U-shaped modellation of the interdental spaces.

Avoid heat development at the surface.

Base dentine washbake must be applied in accordancewith the working instructions to achieve good wettingof the surface. The required temperature must be adheredto in order to ensure correct melting of Base Dentine.

When firing bridges, always separate down to the substructure.Shrinkage of the ceramic always occurs onlyin the thickest area. Therefore a uniform layer thicknessis recommended. Do not use any dry or saw-toothedinstruments. The use of these instruments can causethe ceramic to become detached and separated fromthe surface.

Ensure correct firing parameters and firing temperature.For the muffle test, use a mirror to look into the firingchamber and check whether the muffle is firing properly.

Grind the surface of the ceramic with diamond abrasives.Avoid developing heat when grinding.When using blunt diamonds, do not increase the grindingpressure but replace the abrasive instrument. Whenusing a turbine, water cooling must always be ensured.

Insulation (separating) material residue must not be lefton the ceramic surface. Do not use baby oil or similarliquids for insulating. Contact with the freshly insulatedantagonists (opposing jaw) can lead to problems.

The correction material should not be applied in insufficientportions. Make sure it does not dry out toomuch; if necessary use a liquid which keeps it moist overan extended period (VITA MODELLING FLUID or adda drop of VITA Interno Fluid).

Base dentine washbake must be applied in accordance with the working instructions to achieve good wetting of the surface. The required temperature must be adhered to in order to ensure correct melting of Base Dentine. Recently layered ceramic must not be preheated too quickly or at excessive temperatures.

When filling interdental spaces during bridge correction, do not vibrate the material until dry, otherwise the material will not bond. Interdental spaces should be wetted with an oily liquid (e.g. VITA INTERNO Liquid, do NOT use baby oil) before filling.

What is the purpose/indication range of the VITA VM 9 EFFECT LINER?

VITA VM 9 EFFECT LINER must not be mixed up withLINER materials of competitors. VITA VM 9 EFFECT LINERis not used for coloring the zirconium dioxidesubstructure.

The EFFECT LINER has demonstrated particularly highfluorescence and is used to control the fluorescence fromthe depth.

Which substructure materials can be veneered with VITA VM 9?

If the information in the working instructions and theguidelines on substructure fabrication/design providedby VITA are adhered to, VITAVM 9 can be used for substructuresmade from 3Y-TZP (-A) – regardless of therespective manufacturer. Since the function depends ona variety of different parameters, the quality of the individualrestoration can only be ensured by the user.

The BASE DENTINE washbake is used to achieve goodbonding of the veneering material to the substructurematerial.

In the case of bridge pontics - how can the intensity...

...of the COLORING LIQUID be influenced?

The intensity of the COLORING LIQUID can be changedby applying it with a brush.

Use a brush to wet the substructure with distilled waterand then dip it into COLORING LIQUID to reduce the colorsaturation of the substructure.

Marginal shrinkage of the ceramic

Model the substructure to a reduced tooth size to support and ensure a uniform layer thickness of the ceramic. Ensure cuspal support of the posterior area. Ensure U-shaped modellation of the interdental spaces.

Ensure good marginal adaptation of the materials. If necessary, use a dry and clean brush (brush No. 10) to smooth these areas (from incisal to cervical) before firing.

When firing bridges, always separate porcelain down to the substructure in the interdental spaces. Shrinkage of the ceramic always occurs in the thickest area; therefore a uniform layer thickness is recommended. Do not use dry or saw-toothed instruments. These may cause the ceramic to become detached and separate from the surface of the substructure.

If a rubber polisher is used before finishing, the surface must not be wetted with liquid afterwards. It must first be cleaned. It is not sufficient to clean it with a steam cleaner or with water. Silicone residue at the surface must be removed mechanically using a goat-hair brush.

Insulation material (separator) residue must not be left on the ceramic surface. Contact with freshly insulated antagonists (opposing teeth) can lead to problems.