BiRTHS of interesting PEOPLE on the 21st of JULY

DEATHS of interesting PEOPLE on the 21st JULY

The 21st of JULY HiSTORY TiMELiNE

356BC ~ The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the 7 Wonders of the World, was destroyed by arson.

0285 ~ Diocletian appointed Maximian as Caesar and co-ruler.

0365 ~ A tsunami devastated the city of Alexandria, Egypt. The tsunami was caused by the Crete earthquake estimated to be 8.0 on the Richter scale. 5,000 people perished in Alexandria, and 45,000 more died outside the city.

1645 ~ Qing Dynasty regent Dorgon issued an edict ordering all Han Chinese men to shave their forehead and braid the rest of their hair into an identical style to the Manchus.

1718 ~ The Treaty of Passarowitz between the Ottoman Empire, Austria and the Republic of Venice was signed.

1831 ~ Inauguration of Leopold I of Belgium, the 1st king of the Belgians.

1861 ~ First Battle of Bull Run at Manassas Junction, Virginia. This was the first major battle of the war that began and ended in a victory for the Confederate army, during the American Civil War.

1865 ~ Wild Bill Hickok shot and killed Davis Tutt, in what is regarded as the first western showdown, in the market square of Springfield Missouri.

1873 ~ Jesse James and the James-Younger Gang pulled off the 1st successful train robbery in the American Old West, at Adair, Iowa.

1902 ~ Willis Carrier created the 1st air conditioner, in Buffalo, New York.

1904 ~ Louis Rigolly, a Frenchman, became the 1st man to break the 100 mph (161 km/h) barrier on land. He drove a 15-liter Gobron-Brille in Ostend, Belgium.

1914 ~ The Crown council of Romania decided for their country to remain neutral in World War I.

1919 ~ The dirigible Wingfoot Air Express crashed into the Illinois Trust and Savings Building in Chicago, Illinois, and killed 12 people.

1925 ~ High school biology teacher John T. Scopes was found guilty of teaching evolution in class and fined $100, in Dayton, Tennessee, during the Scopes Trial.

1925 ~ Sir Malcolm Campbell, father of Donald Campbell, became the 1st man to break the 150 mph (241 km/h) land barrier at Pendine Sands in Wales. He drove a Sunbeam at a two-way average speed of 150.33 mph (242 km/h).

1944 ~ Claus von Stauffenberg and fellow conspirators were executed in Berlin, Germany for the July 20 plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler, during World War II.

1959 ~ Elijah Jerry “Pumpsie” Green became the 1st African-American to play for the Boston Red Sox. He came in as a pinch runner for Vic Wertz and stayed in as shortstop in a 2-1 loss to the Chicago White Sox.

1961 ~ Gus Grissom piloting Liberty Bell 7 became the 2nd American to go into space (in a suborbital mission) during the Mercury-Redstone 4 Mission, in the Mercury program.

1969 ~ Neil Armstrong and Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin became the 1st humans to walk on the Moon, during the Apollo 11 mission during the Space Race (note: 20th July in North America).

1970 ~ After 11 years of construction, the Aswan High Dam in Egypt was completed.

1983 ~ The world’s lowest temperature in an inhabited location was recorded at Vostok Station, Antarctica at −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F).

2001 ~ At the conclusion of a fireworks display on Okura Beach in Akashi, Hyōgo, Japan, 11 people were killed and over 120 were injured when an overcrowded pedestrian footbridge connecting the beach to JR Asagiri railway station fell down in a domino effect.

2007 ~ Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, the fastest-selling novel ever, was published. 15 million copies of the book sold in the first 24 hours of its release.