Microvesicles were isolated from the plasma of normal healthy individuals. RNA was isolated from both the microvesicles and matched mononuclear cells and profiled for 420 known mature mirnas by real-time pcr. Hierarchical clustering of the data sets indicated significant differences in mirna expression between peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and plasma microvesicles. Authors observed 71 mirnas co-expressed between microvesicles and pbmc.

The significant difference in total exosome and mirna levels between lung cancer patients and controls, and the similarity between the circulating exosomal mirna and the tumor-derived mirna patterns, suggest that circulating exosomal mirna might be useful as a screening test for lung adenocarcinoma. No correlation between the exosomal mirna levels and the stage of disease can be made at this point.

Data imported from external databases?

No

5

First author

Hanke M et al.

Journal

Urol Oncol. 28(6):655-61.

Title

A robust methodology to study urine microrna as tumor marker: microrna-126 and microrna-182 are related to urinary bladder cancer.

This study describes a novel, robust, and useful technology platform that is suitable to analyze small rnas, including novel rna-based tumor markers, in urine samples. A detailed technical analysis of this methodology provides new insights into the characteristics of urine microrna such as composition and the donor-dependent variability.

Mirnas were stable and detectable in all plasma samples, and the plasma mirna levels reflected the tumour mirnas in most cases. The levels of these mirnas were significantly reduced in post-operative samples. In large-scale analysis, the plasma concentrations of mirnas (mir-17-5p, mir-21, mir-106a, mir-106b) were significantly higher in gc patients than controls (p=0.05, 0.006, 0.008 and <0.001 respectively), whereas let-7a was lower in gc patients (p=0.002).

The assay was sensitive for detection of mir-21 in 0.625 microliter of serum from breast cancer patients. For differentiation of samples from patients with locoregional breast cancer from those from healthy donors, the odds ratio was 1.796 and the area under the curve was 0.721. In a multivariate analysis that included standard clinicopathologic prognostic factors, high circulating mir-21 concentrations correlated significantly (p < 0.001) with visceral metastasis.

Circulating mirnas can be sensitive biomarkers for cll, because certain extracellular mirnas are present in cll patient plasma at levels significantly different from healthy controls and from patients affected by other hematologic malignancies. The levels of several of these circulating mirnas also displayed significant differences between zeta-associated protein 70 (zap-70)(+) and zap-70(-) cll.

Data imported from external databases?

No

14

First author

Moussay E et al.

Journal

Pnas 108(16):6573-8

Title

Microrna as biomarkers and regulators in b-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Circulating mirnas can be sensitive biomarkers for cll, because certain extracellular mirnas are present in cll patient plasma at levels significantly different from healthy controls and from patients affected by other hematologic malignancies. The levels of several of these circulating mirnas also displayed significant differences between zeta-associated protein 70 (zap-70)(+) and zap-70(-) cll.

All of the candidate biomarker mirnas were confirmed in an independent cd sample set (n = 46). To explore the specificity of the cd-associated mirnas, they were measured in the sera of patients with celiac disease (n = 12); none were changed compared with healthy controls.

This study was to investigate whether plasma mirna-21 (mir-21) can be used as a biomarker for the early detection of non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc) and to explore its association with clinicopathologic features and sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy.

In the 10-patient group, plasma microrna-21 levels significantly diminished after surgery compared with the pre-operative values. Plasma microrna-21 level in the 126 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly higher than in patients with chronic hepatitis and healthy volunteers.

Microrna levels are distinctly increased in cancer patients, although only a small subset of circulating micrornas has a tumor-specific origin. Authors identify circulating mir-1233 as a potential biomarker for rcc patients.

Data imported from external databases?

No

29

First author

Bihrer V et al.

Journal

Plos One 6(10): E26971.

Title

Serum microrna-21 as marker for necroinflammation in hepatitis c patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma.

The relative concentrations of four circulating micrornas (mir-19a, mir-20a, mir-21, and mir-214) in blood serum were measured by taqman microrna assays. Levels of preoperative serum mir-20a and mir-21 were significantly higher in patients with breast cancer and benign disease than in healthy women (p = 0.0001), but only serum mir-214 could discriminate malignant from benign tumors and healthy controls (p = 0.0001) with an area under the curve of 0.878 and 0.883 in roc analysis, respectively.

Circulating mir-210 levels were associated with trastuzumab sensitivity, tumor presence, and lymph node metastases. These results suggest that plasma mir-210 may be used to predict and perhaps monitor response to therapies that contain trastuzumab.

Data imported from external databases?

No

34

First author

Wang B et al.

Journal

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol.

Title

The expression and clinical significance of circulating microRNA-21 in serum of five solid tumors.

MiR-21 was significantly overexpressed in human solid cancerous serum relative to normal control, and its sensitivity and specificity were significantly
higher than the currently used tumor markers. High miR-21 expression was not correlated with gender, age, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis status.

Data imported from external databases?

No

35

First author

Wang B et al.

Journal

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol.

Title

The expression and clinical significance of circulating microRNA-21 in serum of five solid tumors.

MiR-21 was significantly overexpressed in human solid cancerous serum relative to normal control, and its sensitivity and specificity were significantly
higher than the currently used tumor markers. High miR-21 expression was not correlated with gender, age, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis status.

Data imported from external databases?

No

36

First author

Wang B et al.

Journal

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol.

Title

The expression and clinical significance of circulating microRNA-21 in serum of five solid tumors.

MiR-21 was significantly overexpressed in human solid cancerous serum relative to normal control, and its sensitivity and specificity were significantly
higher than the currently used tumor markers. High miR-21 expression was not correlated with gender, age, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis status.

Data imported from external databases?

No

37

First author

Wang B et al.

Journal

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol.

Title

The expression and clinical significance of circulating microRNA-21 in serum of five solid tumors.

MiR-21 was significantly overexpressed in human solid cancerous serum relative to normal control, and its sensitivity and specificity were significantly
higher than the currently used tumor markers. High miR-21 expression was not correlated with gender, age, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis status.

Data imported from external databases?

No

38

First author

Wang B et al.

Journal

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol.

Title

The expression and clinical significance of circulating microRNA-21 in serum of five solid tumors.

MiR-21 was significantly overexpressed in human solid cancerous serum relative to normal control, and its sensitivity and specificity were significantly
higher than the currently used tumor markers. High miR-21 expression was not correlated with gender, age, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis status.

In patients with acute kidney injury circulating microRNAs are not removed by dialysis. As only traces of miR-21 and -210 are detected in dialysate and ultrafiltrate, microRNAs in the circulation are likely to be transported by larger structures such as proteins and/or microvesicles. As miRNAs are not affected by dialysis they might be more robust biomarkers of acute kidney injury.

Microrna-21 in glioblastoma was significantly higher than controls (p = .02) and decreased significantly in 9 patients (p = .05). one patient with increasing microrna-21 developed a histopathologically proven recurrence after the second sample collection. circulating microrna-21 might be a useful biomarker in glioblastoma.

The level of mir-92a was significantly lower, while mir-21 was higher, as previous reports, in tissue and serum samples of bc than that of healthy controls (p < 0.001). many mirnas expressions are altered in bc, whose expression profiling may provide a useful clue for the pathophysiological research. circulating mir-92a has potential use as novel breast cancer biomarker, which is comparable to mir-21.

Data imported from external databases?

No

43

First author

Jia SZ et al.

Journal

Hum Reprod.

Title

Plasma miR-17-5p, miR-20a and miR-22 are down-regulated in women with endometriosis.

Mir-17-5p, mir-20a and mir-22 were significantly down-regulated in women with endometriosis compared with controls (p = 0.011, 0.0020 and 0.0002, respectively), yielding an area under the receiver operator characteristics curve of 0.74

Significant (p < .05) differences in standardized mir-1 and mir-21 abundance between bav and tav aortic tissue samples and different tissue and plasma profiles of analyte differences from normal aorta where observed between the bav and tav groups.

Authors compared the miRNA expression levels between benign and malignant effusions using a Mann-Whitney U test and found miR-24, miR-26a and miR-30d were expressed differently between the two groups (P = 0.006, 0.021 and 0.011, respectively). Cells isolated from effusions rich in cell-free miR-152 were more sensitive to docetaxel (r = 0.60, P = 0.016).

Analysis of mir-21, -141, and -221 in blood of pca patients reveals that mir-21 is more useful to differentiate pca patients from healthy controls, while the mir-141 was a better discriminator of metastatic pca from localized/local advanced disease. these results suggest that analysis of these mirnas might have clinical utility as a supplement to psa testing.

Data imported from external databases?

No

48

First author

Sanders I et al.

Journal

Int J Urol. 19(11):1017-25.

Title

Evaluation of reference genes for the analysis of serum miRNA in patients with prostate cancer, bladder cancer and renal cell carcinoma.

These preliminary data suggest that altered plasma mirnas may be useful predictors to distinguish pca patients with varied aggressiveness. further larger studies to validate this promising finding are warranted.

Authors identified 63 miRNAs upregulated in mCRPC versus localized PCa, while only four were downregulated. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed two highly correlated groups: one consisting of miR-141, miR375 and miR-200c and the other including miR151-3p, miR423-3p, miR-126, miR152 and miR-21. A third group, containing miR-16 and miR-205, showed less correlation. One miRNA from each group (miR-141, miR151-3p and miR-16) was used for logistic regression analysis and proved to increase the sensitivity of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test alone.

Serum mir-21 levels are elevated in hrpc patients, especially in those resistant to docetaxel-based chemotherapy. it may be applicable as a marker to indicate the transformation to hormone refractory disease, and a potential predictor for the efficacy of docetaxel-based chemotherapy.

Increased levels of serum mir-21 were associated with clinical stages of tumors in the patients (p=0.01). these results indicated that serum mir-21 levels could serve as a reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Data imported from external databases?

No

54

First author

Muller V et al.

Journal

Breast Cancer Res Treat. 147(1):61-8.

Title

Changes in serum levels of miR-21, miR-210, and miR-373 in HER2-positive breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy: a translational research project within the Geparquinto trial.

Expression levels of mir-21 were significantly decreased in the circulation of mets subjects (or=0.52, 95% ci: 0.29-0.92) compared with that of non-mets subjects. body mass index (bmi) and the number of mets components had a negative correlation with the level of mir-21, whereas age was inversely related to the level of mir-21. no significant difference was detected in mir-21 levels between the sexes (p=0.056). mir-21 might be a negative regulating factor in mets.

Data imported from external databases?

No

66

First author

Montagnana M et al.

Journal

Clin Lab. 62(5):967-70

Title

Plasma Expression Levels of Circulating miR-21 are not Useful for Diagnosing and Monitoring Colorectal Cancer.

These results do not support the hypothesis that circulating mir-21 expression is increased in adenoma-carcinoma-advanced carcinoma sequence. accordingly, plasma mir-21 assessment does not appear to be a useful biomarker for diagnosing and staging crc.

The levels of mir-21, mir-29a and mir-192 were significantly enriched in the overt proteinuria group compared with microalbuminuria and/or overt proteinuria groups. it was shown that only mir-21 level was significantly up-regulated in low-egfr group compared with high-egfr patients.

Circulating mir-21 in serum could be a promising biomarker in auxiliary diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer, and inhibition of mir-21/rasa1 axis could be a possible strategy to restrain migration of cervical cancer.