The Caribbean emerged in a culture of violence under the various
colonial powers—a violence that has persisted over the centuries through
inherited and imposed legal codes, and social organization. In many of
these islands, systematic genocide was perpetuated on indigenous
populations. The Slave Trade, slavery, and a brutal system of
colonialism were the lot of the majority of peoples in the Caribbean.
Psychological force was also implemented based to a large extent on a
color coded system that dehumanized the majority of African peoples.

Discussion:

Very little of the suffering of Caribbean peoples due, to a large
extent, to the vast inequity in wealth linked to skin color coding is
portrayed in advertisements that lure tourists to glistening white sands
and clear blue waters.

Phase II of Colonial Exploitation: Tourism and the Further Underdevelopment of the Caribbean

What role do the churches play in the economies and social systems of the islands?

Additional Readings:

Beckford, George, Persistent Poverty: Underdevelopment in Plantation Economies of the

Third World, New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1972

-----------,---------, and Michael Witter, SmallGarden, Bitter Weed: The Political Economy of Struggle and Change in Jamaica, Maroon Publishing House, 1982

Fanon, Frantz, The Wretched of the Earth, translated from the French by Constance Farrington, New York, NY: Grove Press, 1963.