1. Hearing, Seeing, Reading, and Writing: The Forms and Uses of Words, Images, and Writing 2. The Persuasion of the Word: A Voice; The Wonder of Images: A Portrait; The Power of Writing: A Talisman3. Natural History of the Written Text: Authors, Scribes, Printers, Booksellers, and Readers4. Classrooms, Libraries, and Archives as the Culmination of Human Memory