http://www.memex.org/licklider.html
J.C.R. Licklider may well be one of the most influential people in the history of computer
science. As Director of the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO), a division of the
Pentagon's Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), Licklider from 1963-64 put in
place the funding priorities which would lead to the Internet, and the invention of the
"mouse," "windows" and "hypertext." Together these elements comprise the foundation of our
networked society, and it owes much of its existence to the man who held the purse-strings,
and also created a management culture where graduate students were left to run a
multi-million dollar research project.

ARPA-DARPA
The History of the Name
ARPA - DoD directive 5105.15 establishing the Advanced Research
Projects agency (ARPA) was signed on February 7, 1958. The directive
1958/10/1 NASA 成立。整個來說，ARPA 和 NASA 都可以說是美國回應蘇聯太空船
昇空的具體措施
gave ARPA the responsibility "for the direction or performance of such
advanced projects in the field of research and development as the
Secretary of Defense shall, from time to time, designate by individual
project or by category".
DARPA - On March 23, 1972, by DoD Directive, the name was changed to
the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). DARPA was
established as a separate defense agency under the Office of the
Secretary of Defense.
ARPA - On February 22, 1993, DARPA was redesignated the Advanced
Research Projects Agency (ARPA) -- as the agency was known before
1972. The change was outlined in President Clinton's strategy paper,
"Technology for America's Economic Growth, A New Direction to Build
Economic Strength".
DARPA - On February 10, 1996, Public Law 104-106, under Title IX of
the Fiscal Year 1996 Defense Authorization Act, directed an
organizational name change to the Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA).