Course Overview

Should firms in certain markets be allowed to merge? Are recent pension reforms a good idea? What are the effects of immigration? Studying Economics and Politics together gets to the heart of how government, business and society interact.

This combined degree trains you to analyse issues and concerns using the latest techniques and technology. Our approach is to apply your learning to real-world issues.

All first years study the Principles of Economics. You can continue with a more mathematical and statistical focus, or select modules with a more intuitive approach. You will also learn about the Politics and International Relations in the Contemporary World.

In the second year, you can choose options to suit your aspirations from Game Theory to Economic Policy, Modern Political Thought to Microeconomics. You can continue to tailor your studies in your final year as well. You are free to select from topics such as Corporations, Global Political Economy and the Law, Health Economics, International Trade, Contemporary Issues in the Middle East and more. High-performing students also have the chance to write a dissertation.

A strong knowledge of economics and politics, plus analytical and practical expertise puts our graduates in a strong position in the job market. Many go on to roles in banking, finance, accounting, government and advertising.

Entry Requirements

Grade Requirements

A Level AAB

GCSE Mathematics grade B or 6, English Language grade C or 4

IELTS 6.5 overall with at least 5.5 in each component. For other English language qualifications we accept, please see our English language requirements webpages.

Other Qualifications

International Baccalaureate 35 points overall with 16 points from the best 3 Higher Level subjects

BTEC Distinction, Distinction, Distinction

We welcome applications from students with a range of alternative UK and international qualifications, including combinations of qualification. Further guidance on admission to the University, including other qualifications that we accept, frequently asked questions and information on applying, can be found on our general admissions webpages.

Course Structure

Lancaster University offers a range of programmes, some of which follow a structured study programme, and others which offer the chance for you to devise a more flexible programme to complement your main specialism. We divide academic study into two sections - Part 1 (Year 1) and Part 2 (Year 2, 3 and sometimes 4). For most programmes Part 1 requires you to study 120 credits spread over at least three modules which, depending upon your programme, will be drawn from one, two or three different academic subjects. A higher degree of specialisation then develops in subsequent years. For more information about our teaching methods at Lancaster please visit our Teaching and Learning section.

The following courses do not offer modules outside of the subject area due to the structured nature of the programmes: Law, Physics, Engineering, Medicine, Sports and Exercise Science, Biochemistry, Biology, Biomedicine and Biomedical Science.

Information contained on the website with respect to modules is correct at the time of publication, and the University will make every reasonable effort to offer modules as advertised. In some cases changes may be necessary and may result in some combinations being unavailable, for example as a result of student feedback, timetabling, Professional Statutory and Regulatory Bodies' (PSRB) requirements, staff changes and new research.

Year 1

Each year students receive specific training by the Management School Career Team, to prepare them for the graduate labour market. In the first year the focus is on growing the student’s awareness of labour market dynamics and his or her professional aspirations and inclinations. The second year focuses on goal setting, action planning, and the development of a personalised career plan. The third year focuses on one-to-one sessions with career advisors. The Career Team is based in the Management School, organises events with employers and alumni, and coaches students on how to best perform in the graduate job market through seminars, surgeries, mock interviews and one-to-one advice.

Future Global Leaders is a professional development module taken by all first year LUMS students. The module takes place mainly online and aims to introduce you to key ideas about leadership to help you become future leaders, to enhance your online working skills and to help you develop professional and careers skills which will enhance your employability.

You’ll be introduced to some of the key themes in the study of modern politics, and will have the chance to gain critical insight into the nature and use of political power in the contemporary world. You will learn about: the foundations of the modern nation-state, and the ways in which our institutions can reflect or fail to meet the ideals of liberal democracy; the behaviour of individuals and groups in political contexts; the workings of national constitutions and international organisations; the interaction of global events and domestic agendas.

Areas of study typically include:

+ Political Theory: the study of the scope, nature, and justification of state authority, and the history of political thought.

+ British Politics: the study of the theory, and political reality, of British governance in the twenty-first century.

+ Comparative Politics: the study of the various institutions of the nation-state, in a comparative context.

+ Ideologies: the study of political ideologies such as (neo-)liberalism, (neo-)conservatism, socialism, and fascism, their cohesiveness and social/political function.

+ Political Behaviour: the study of the ways in which agents and groups engage with politics in the age of mass and social-media.

+ Politics and Religion: the study of the relevance of religion to politics in contemporary society.

+ Politics in a Global World: the influence of global movements and events on domestic and international politics.

Because of the increasing interdependence of the national and global, domestic politics and international relations can no longer be properly understood in isolation from one another. To ensure the best possible foundation for a degree in Politics, in first year, we strongly recommend you also take International Relations: Theory and Practice.

Providing a thorough introduction to the discipline of Economics, this module is divided into two parts. The first part covers microeconomic analysis, including the theory of demand, costs and pricing under various forms of industrial organisation, and welfare economics. Many applications of theoretical models are examined. The second part focuses on macroeconomic analysis, including national income analysis, monetary theory, business cycles, inflation, unemployment, and the great macroeconomic debates.

Year 2

Each year students receive specific training by the Management School Career Team, to prepare them for the graduate labour market. In the first year the focus is on growing the student’s awareness of labour market dynamics and his or her professional aspirations and inclinations. The second year focuses on goal setting, action planning, and the development of a personalised career plan. The third year focuses on one-to-one sessions with career advisors. The Career Team is based in the Management School, organises events with employers and alumni, and coaches students on how to best perform in the graduate job market through seminars, surgeries, mock interviews and one-to-one advice.

This module focuses on the role of governments within the economy, looking at the extent to which they can intervene in markets and in other areas such as climate change. It builds your skills in evaluating the effectiveness of economic policies, and provides insights into the difficulties of decision-making in collective-choice environments.

Over the course of this module, you will enhance your knowledge and understanding of how to specify economic problems in the confines of a game-theoretic model and to solve those problems using appropriate mathematical techniques. The module aims to build your capacity for logical and structured problem analysis.

This module is designed to extend the knowledge of macroeconomics principles you acquired in Year 1.

Topics include:

classical and Keynesian views

the role of money

real balance and wealth effects

government budgetary constraints

monetary policy in the UK

models of exchange rate determination

Although the main focus of the module is on macroeconomic theory, this is taught within the context of current events in the international macroeconomic environment. You are encouraged to use your knowledge of macroeconomic theory to gain a better understanding of current macroeconomic events and issues.

This module explores the decision-making of economic agents (consumers and firms), and also examines how different market mechanisms operate to allocate resources. The topics it covers include utility maximisation, profit maximisation, cost minimisation, and introduction to market structures.

The module requires algebra, elementary calculus, logical thinking and problem solving ability, and is normally taken in conjunction with Intermediate Microeconomics II (ECON221).

This module provides an introduction to the theoretical concepts and applications of econometrics.

Econometric techniques taught include bivariate regression, multiple regression and two stage least squares. The importance and relevance of statistical and diagnostic testing is emphasised in the context of econometrics applications. You will also learn how to use the statistical package SPSS, understanding of which is an integral part of the module.

This module provides amongst a range of other issues: a study of war, its causes and consequences; violence at personal and structural levels within society (especially racism); positive definitions of peace; and misperceptions and enemy images through the media.

The module investigates and examines theoretical and practical issues surrounding peace and violence within modern society. It also examines the conditions of peace and war, assessing the scope for conflict resolution, non-violence and reconciliation. The first term introduces the main approaches within Peace Studies, exploring the development of ideas in the field as they bear on the roots of violence and understandings of peace and peace-making. The second term applies this thinking to contemporary conflicts, focusing on policies of conflict prevention and conflict resolution.

The module is taught in a non-dogmatic and interdisciplinary manner, encouraging students to develop their own perspectives and conclusions following discussions and debates throughout the year.

Business activities are affected by national economic policies through their influence on inflation, interest rates, exchange rates and aggregate demand. This module examines the main channels of influence from the international business perspective as well as studying macroeconomics, with particular emphasis on the international financial sector and the effects of monetary and fiscal policy. It seeks to explain the implications of macroeconomic policy changes for the international business environment.

The objective is therefore to develop your understanding of the workings of macroeconomic policy and familiarise you with interpreting macroeconomic and monetary data, and you are encouraged to use your knowledge of macroeconomic theory to gain a better understanding of current macroeconomic events and issues.

This module brings together economic theory and mathematical methods as a basis for constructing and using mathematical models to analyse economic problems.

The module covers matrix algebra, constrained optimisation, comparative statics and integral calculus. Knowledge of these methods will give you a broader understanding of intermediate and advanced microeconomics and macroeconomics.

Various topics of interest to prospective managers are covered within this module, including production and demand, competition and strategic behaviour, advertising and distribution, capital budgeting and inventories, the foreign exchange market, the economics of the multinational enterprise and the politics of corporate economics. The module provides knowledge of aspects of microeconomics relevant to general management, and also emphasises techniques and tools of analysis alongside relevant theory.

The module is designed to as an introduction to aspects of the firm and its environment which are of particular relevance to management. The topics selected aim to bridge the gap between the traditional approach to managerial economics and the more modern study of the organisation.

Year 3

Each year students receive specific training by the Management School Career Team, to prepare them for the graduate labour market. In the first year the focus is on growing the student’s awareness of labour market dynamics and his or her professional aspirations and inclinations. The second year focuses on goal setting, action planning, and the development of a personalised career plan. The third year focuses on one-to-one sessions with career advisors. The Career Team is based in the Management School, organises events with employers and alumni, and coaches students on how to best perform in the graduate job market through seminars, surgeries, mock interviews and one-to-one advice.

This module gives an overview of important topics in macroeconomics. Topics covered include the stabilisation policy under rational expectations, the Lucas critique of policy evaluation, and the implications of asset market efficiency for macroeconomic behaviour. The relevance of theory to these issues is emphasised throughout the module.

The second part of the course analyses various topics of advanced macroeconomic theory. In particular the course focuses on theoretical models of growth, real business cycle, endogenous labour supply and unemployment.

This module provides a historical and thematic introduction to the issues facing Africa in the international system today. The module is divided into two sections. The first section explores the historical incorporation of the continent into the emerging international system centred on Europe from the sixteenth to the twentieth century. We focus on the impact of colonialism and independence in terms of the economy, the state and the politics of race and the implications these have for the region’s prospects for democracy and development today. The second section looks at key contemporary issues and agents shaping the continent. The latter includes ‘top-down’ actors such as the Chinese state, as well as grassroots actors such as unionised South African workers.

This module develops your understanding of the application of macroeconomic theory and quantitative methods to the analysis of international economics and the economic history of the UK, and the pound sterling in particular. It also helps you to understand the role of international economics and finance in the world economy.

The module integrates intermediate macroeconomic theory, statistical methods, the interpretation of data, and empirical results. Analysis is applied to macroeconomic issues important to businesses and policymakers – including exchange rate regimes, international parity conditions, business cycles, and monetary unions.

This course aims to introduce students to the field of Behavioural and Experimental economics. The module provides the necessary skills to study how the standard rationality assumptions can be relaxed in order to take into account psychological and cognitive biases, as well as social preferences. In addition, it introduces students to the tool of experimentation in economics as a means of collecting data to test the various economic theories.

This module presents a detailed analysis of the major developments in British foreign policy since 1945. It explains these developments within a global context, offering rival interpretations of Britain’s changing role and status – issues whose importance has been underlined by the debates surrounding the 2016 ‘Brexit’ referendum. The major themes include: the consequences of Britain’s participation in the Second World War; the retreat from Empire after 1945; the ‘special relationship’ with the United States; and the prolonged attempt to redefine Britain’s global role in the context of perceived economic and geopolitical decline.

As the Middle East has long been [and still is] one of the most unstable regions in the world, and it is further bedevilled by strong authoritarian states and pervasive ethnic and sectarian violence, what explains this instability and ongoing tensions? By examining some of the key questions surrounding the study of Middle Eastern politics, this module aims to provide you with a critical perspective of the region’s politics. This module introduces you to an analysis of the history, politics, society, culture and religions of the Middle East with attention to major events in the region.

This module explores the analysis of the corporation in the global political economy. It will help students develop their knowledge of the character and practices of corporations and place that analysis within the wider context of analyses of International Political Economy.

At the end of the module students will better understand the variance and multi-faceted character of the corporate (global) sector, be able to account for a range of (political) positions about corporations and have some experience of the interaction between political economic and legal analyses. The module overall is intended to demystify the corporation as a political economic actor and support students in developing a nuanced appreciation of their own analyses of the role and practices of (global) corporations.

This module develops your understanding of advanced material in the field of economic growth as well as the problems of economic development. There is particular reference to the application of theoretical material to the development experience and policy-making in developing and emerging economies.

This module provides an opportunity for you to choose a topic related to some aspect of Politics and International Relations, Philosophy and Religious Studies which particularly interests you, and to pursue it in depth. The topic may be related to work that is being done on a formally taught module, or it may be less directly linked to course work. The intention is that you will develop your research skills and ability to work at length under your own direction.

You write a dissertation which is typically 9,000-10,000 words, which you begin to think about towards the end of your second year and submit in your final year. To help you prepare for work on the dissertation, there will be an introductory talk on topics relating to doing one's own research and planning and writing a dissertation, as well as handbooks detailing full requirements and supervision arrangements.

This module equips you with the tools needed to conduct applied econometrics. It emphasises an analytical and intuitive understanding of the classical linear regression model, and also covers newer topics such as:

This module focuses on the most fundamental component of democratic political systems – elections. In particular, it analyses key political behaviour issues related to models of voting, electoral system design, and party organisation. It adopts a broadly comparative approach, with an emphasis on advanced industrial democracies in the west – especially the UK, but also other parts of the EU and the US.

The module will examine the merits of different voting behaviour models; the politics of electoral system design and choice; the rise of anti-party / anti-politics sentiment; as well as the modern methods parties utilise as they attempt to market themselves to voters. There will also be classes on developments in party organisation; contemporary party ideologies; the nature of party system change and continuity; and finally the relevance of public opinion to modern government and public policy.

Over the course of this module, you will enhance your knowledge and understanding of how to specify economic problems in the confines of a game-theoretic model and to solve those problems using appropriate mathematical techniques. The module aims to build your capacity for logical and structured problem analysis.

This applied module is designed as an introduction to the economics of health and health care, and helps to develop your awareness of the main policy issues in this field. It provides a comprehensive set of economic tools for critically appraising fundamental issues in the economics of health while offering a broad overview of the UK National Health Service and other health care systems around the world. The emphasis is on the use and interpretation of microeconomic models and the latest empirical evidence.

This module focuses on firm behaviour and competition, using theoretical (especially game theoretic) and empirical models. It also explores the relationship between industry structure and firm conduct, together with aspects of firm behaviour such as advertising, R&D and mergers.

This module develops your understanding of advanced material in the field of international business. There is particular emphasis on analysing the strategic economic and financial behaviour of multinational firms in the global economy. The module also considers the role and effects of government intervention on firms and multinational firms and how they adapt.

What is Islamic Politics? This module seeks to introduce you to some of the key debates surrounding the nature and character of political Islam in the historical and contemporary context. While the core inquiry is a political one the module is interdisciplinary in nature. Islamic Politics draws on a variety of related disciplines such as anthropology, contemporary international relations, history, sociology, and religion to construct a cohesive representation of Islam in the political context. As such, we engage with debates surrounding its historical roots, its core political ideology, its relationship to violence, its compatibility with democracy, its representation in the media, the place of Muslim communities in non-Islamic polities and the prospects and possibilities surrounding engagement with radical Islam. In terms of area study focus we cover the greater Middle Eastern region. It is a module designed as much for students with little or no background in Islamic Politics, as it is for students who have already had some grounding.

This module trains ambitious economists to use formal mathematical methods used in economic modelling. These techniques are necessary for students interested in pursuing postgraduate studies in economics or working in analytically demanding jobs in the private sector. You will learn to use the Mathematica software package and how to address and solve economic problems by means of abstract models.

The first part of the module is more micro-oriented and you will learn further methods of integration and what metric spaces and existence theorems are. You will also learn what quasi-concave and quasi-convex functions are and how to optimise with inequality constraints. The second part of the course is more macro-oriented and you will learn how to solve differential equations and perform dynamic optimisation.

Culture is, perhaps, the most contentious and prominent feature of contemporary political debate. Whether it be religious schism and ethnic conflict, migration, controversy regarding bodily integrity, justifications for development policy and overseas aid or debate over the nature of wellbeing, the issue of cultural diversity looms large. The aim of this module is to provide you with the conceptual, analytical and normative resources to understand and assess the politics of cultural diversity. In essence, the module grapples with the question of whether, and in which ways, we can make judgements about culture.

This module examines the changing character of war and security in a time of rapid and disruptive technological and geopolitical change. The module combines analysis of contemporary policy documents with the interdisciplinary insights of intellectuals that have examined how war has changed in the modern age. In this module you are introduced to a range of concepts that are currently significant in the policy debates about the future of war – concepts such as ambiguous war, the gray zone, the third offset strategy and the three block war. While the module is grounded in broader debates from social and political thought about war and modernity, it explores a range of evolving and inter-related case studies that are central to understanding how war is changing: cybersecurity/artificial intelligence; cities and urban war; drones and the future of robotics; climate change and ecological insecurity. Each year we try to bring a guest lecturer from the Ministry of Defence or the FCO to discuss questions relevant to the course – and to discuss how the course can be relevant to a broad range of careers.

This module is designed to allow students to gain experience of educational environments, to develop transferable skills, and to reflect on the role and communication of their own discipline. The module is organised and delivered collaboratively between Lancaster University Students’ Union LUSU Involve, the school/college where the placement is based, and the department.

The module will give students experience of classroom observation and experience, teacher assistance, as well as teaching small groups (under supervision). In particular, the module will not only give students the opportunity to observe and experience teaching and learners for themselves, it will also require them to reflect on how their own subject area (Religion, Politics and International Relations, or Philosophy) is experienced by learners, delivered in other parts of the educational sector, and applied in a classroom setting. Students will also be asked to reflect on how teaching and learning at this earlier level combines with what is taught and promoted at the level of Higher education (as experienced in the University).

This module is concerned with understanding the role of government in the economy. Among the topics covered are the characteristics of public goods, basic characteristics of a tax system under both classical and political economy approaches, and the effects of globalisation and its effects on modern tax systems. The module also explores how economic models can be used to understand current affairs.

This module looks at how theoretical and empirical methods can be applied to the growing field of sports economics.

It helps you to understand the particular characteristics of labour and product markets in professional sports, and what implications these have for economic analysis. You will also learn more about how theoretical and empirical work in the economics of sport can be used to inform policy issues, including competitive structures in sports leagues, free agency and player mobility, and the financing of professional sport. You will also gain insights into how betting markets function and why people gamble on sports.

The module aims to provide you with an in-depth knowledge of the different facets of contemporary Asian conflicts and how international organisations such as the UN, and how Western and Asian governments have attempted to deal with these challenges in recent times. Conceptually, the module will examine the principles of state failure; terrorism, ‘New Wars’, the New Security Agenda, Islamism, nationalism and sub nationalism, international conflict prevention; peace keeping and global governance. Empirically, the module will focus on conflict zones in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Indian Kashmir, the Indian northeast, Chinese Xinjiang and Tibet. Thus, the aim of this module is to provide you with an overview of the security of a region which is now of tremendous global importance.

Careers

Careers

Graduates with the whole or part of their degree dedicated to the study of Economics are highly sought after so your degree in Economics, along with the analytical and practical expertise you’ll develop during your degree, will place you in a highly competitive position.

Major employment paths for our graduates include banking, finance, accounting and advertising industries.

Lancaster University is dedicated to ensuring you not only gain a highly reputable degree, you also graduate with the relevant life and work based skills. We are unique in that every student is eligible to participate in The Lancaster Award which offers you the opportunity to complete key activities such as work experience, employability awareness, career development, campus community and social development. Visit our Employability section for full details.

Lancaster Management School has an award winning careers team to provide a dedicated careers and placement service offering a range of innovative services for management school students. Our high reputation means we attract a wide range of leading global employers to campus offering you the opportunity to interact with graduate recruiters from day 1 of your degree.

Fees and Funding

Fees

Our annual tuition fee is set for a 12-month session, starting in the October of your year of study.

Our Undergraduate Tuition Fees for 2019/20 are:

UK/EU

Overseas

£9,250

£17,600

Undergraduate tuition fees

For students starting at the University for the 2020 session, subsequent year’s fees may be
subject to increases. UK fees are set by the UK Government annually. For international
applicants, any annual increase will be capped at 4% of the previous year’s fee. For more
information about tuition fees, including fees for Study Abroad and Work Placements, please
visit our
undergraduate tuition fees page.

Applicants from the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man

Some science and medicine courses have higher fees for students from the Channel Islands and the
Isle of Man. You can find more information about this on our
Island Fees page.

Funding

For full details of the University's financial support packages including eligibility criteria, please visit our fees and funding page

Students may incur travel costs dependant on their placement location.

Students also need to consider further costs which may include books, stationery, printing, photocopying, binding and general subsistence on trips and visits. Following graduation it may be necessary to take out subscriptions to professional bodies and to buy business attire for job interviews.

Undergraduate Open Days

Important Information

The information on this site relates primarily to 2020/21 entry to the University and every effort has been taken to ensure the information is correct at the time of publication. The University will use all reasonable effort to deliver the courses as described, but the University reserves the right to make changes to advertised courses.

In the event of a course being withdrawn or if there are any fundamental changes to your course, we will give you reasonable notice and you will be entitled to withdraw your application. You are advised to revisit our website for up-to-date information before you submit your application. Further legal information.

Our Students’ Charter

We believe in the importance of a strong and productive partnership between our students and staff. In order to ensure your time at Lancaster is a positive experience we have worked with the Students’ Union to articulate this relationship and the standards to which the University and its students aspire. View our Charter and other policies.