Happy Holidays from The College at Brockport

In observance of the holiday season, The College at Brockport has reduced its operations to essential services effective at 5 pm Dec. 14. The College will resume full operations on Wednesday, Jan. 2. We hope everyone has a safe and happy holiday season.

Dec. 20 - IT Maintenance - Internet Outage from 6 - 8 am
The internet will be unreachable and will affect any applications that need access to the internet.

The Department of Biological Sciences offers two majors
and two minors, and a variety of tracks in the major. Both majors and
minors are designed for students with an interest in one or several of
the many aspects of the life sciences and provide excellent preparation
for postgraduate training and careers in the biomedical, health, ecological
and environmental sciences, teaching, and other fields that require an
understanding and practice of scientific reasoning and methods.

Through courses taken during the freshman and sophomore
years, students build a scientific foundation for understanding how biological
systems function. In the junior and senior years, students may concentrate
in several areas of departmental strength: pre-medicine, biotechnology,
environmental biology (terrestrial and aquatic ecology), or an individualized
program. Internships and cooperative programs with public and private
organizations afford students the opportunity to apply their skills outside
the classroom. Because of complex biological and ecological issues that
face modern society, we encourage non-majors to take selected courses
in biological sciences. Upon declaring a major in biological sciences,
it is imperative that the student seek a faculty advisor by contacting
the department secretary, Room 103 Lennon Hall.

Students majoring in Biological Sciences, Medical Technology,
and [Environmental Sciences] are required to obtain a minimum grade of
"C" in BIO 201, BIO 202 (and/or BIO 111) before they are allowed
to take further courses in the major.

Students may transfer the above courses from other regionally
accredited institutions to satisfy this requirement provided that the
courses have been approved as equivalent and that the students have earned
a grade of "C" or higher in the courses transferred.

Major in Biological Sciences Biology requirements

Course Number

Course Name

Credits

(38 credits; 30 credits at the 300 and 400 level)

BIO 201

Biology I

4

BIO 202

Biology II

4

BIO 302

Genetics

4

BIO 303

Ecology

4

BIO 300-level electives (one or two courses by advisement)

4-8

BIO 411

Evolution

3

BIO 498

Seminar

1

BIO 400-level courses (by advisement)

10-14

Minimum Total:

38

Elective credits at the 300 level must be selected from
the following:

BIO 301

Cell Biology

4

BIO 305

Comparative Physiology

4

BIO 321

Anatomy and Physiology I

4

BIO 322

Anatomy and Physiology II

4

or

BIO 323

Microbiology

4

Chemistry requirements:

CHM 205-206

College Chemistry I & II

8

CHM 305

Organic Chemistry I

4

Recommended: Those students considering graduate
or medical school are strongly advised to take the following:

CHM 306

Organic Chemistry II

4

MTH 201-202

Calculus I & II

6

PHS 201-202

College Physics I & II

8

Those students in other biology tracks are advised to
consider courses in computer science, statistics and general physics to
support their career goals. Handbooks that list recommended courses for
each track are available from the department secretary.

NOTE: In normal progress toward the degree, BIO 201,
202, CHM 205, 206, and the recommended mathematics courses are taken in
the freshman year. BIO 302, 303, CHM 305, and the recommended CHM 306
courses are taken in the sophomore year. The recommended PHS 201 and 202
courses are taken in the junior year and 400-level biology courses in
the junior and senior years. Only three credits of BIO 499 Independent
Study, may be included in the 38 credits required for the major.

Transfer Students

Transfer students must complete a minimum of 18 credits
of upper-division courses in the Department of Biological Sciences at
SUNY Brockport regardless of the numbers of credits transferred.

Advisement:

To assure proper advisement in particular
tracks, students should declare a major as early as possible, preferably
in the freshman year. Majors are declared with the department secretary,
Room 103, Lennon Hall.

Concentration Areas

Pre-medicine, Pre-dentistry, Pre-veterinary, Health
Careers

Students from SUNY Brockport annually apply for admission to medical,
dental, osteopathic, optometry, podiatry, chiropractic, and physical therapy
schools. Although at Brockport most "pre-med" professional students
have majored in the biological sciences, there is no special major for
pre-professional health care, and the requirements for admission can be
met through a variety of majors available at the College. The program
in biological sciences is well-established and our graduates successfully
compete for positions in professional programs. We do arrange programs
with local health care facilities, such as the Oak Orchard Community Health
Center, to provide "pre-med" students with the experiential
component necessary for successful application to medical school. On your
arrival at Brockport, please contact the department for further information
on this program.

Pre-professional Advisory Committee

The Pre-professional Advisory Committee assists students interested
in entering the medically related professions through formal meetings,
counseling, and a library of materials; by providing application materials
for the MCAT, DAT, and OAT exams (the admissions tests for medical, podiatric,
dental and optometry schools); and by preparing a committee evaluation
prior to application based on a formal interview with the applicant as
well as test scores and GPA. This committee consists of two faculty members
from biological sciences and a faculty member from chemistry.

Resource materials, admission statistics, suggested courses
of study, admission test applications, and procedural information are
available for SUNY Brockport students in the Biology Club room of the
Department of Biological Sciences, Lennon Hall.

Biotechnology:

The department is well-equipped
to provide skills in cell and tissue culture, immunology, nucleic acid
separations and electron microscopy. A substantial percentage of graduates
who have obtained these skills have successfully entered jobs in government
and industrial laboratories.

Environmental-Aquatic:

A large variety of courses
in limnology, fish biology, freshwater invertebrates, aquaculture and
water chemistry develop skills and factual knowledge for successful admission
to graduate school and application to private and government jobs. The
College boat is berthed on nearby Lake Ontario.

Environmental-Terrestrial:

Field and lab training
is available in animal, plant, and ecological sciences. Included are courses
in field biology, mammalogy, botany, herpetology, ornithology and behavior.
Several natural areas are adjacent to the campus (New York State Barge
Canal, Hamlin Beach State Park) that are extensively used for courses.

Certification in Secondary Education (7-12):
Biology and General Science

Students who intend to become secondary
school biology teachers qualify for New York state provisional certification
by completing the requirement of Bachelor of Science degree and the requisite
courses toward certification in secondary education as arranged with the
Department of Education and Human Development.

Because the certification requirements are extensive
and changeable, the student should meet with an advisor as soon as possible.

Pre-environmental Science & Forestry (3/2 programs)

Students completing the five-year 3/2 program receive the Bachelor
of Science degree in biological sciences from SUNY Brockport and the master's
degree in a specialization area from SUNY College of Environmental Science
and Forestry (ESF). Those pursuing this program must satisfy the College
requirements for four-year programs. Appropriate courses at ESF may be
used to fulfill some SUNY Brockport requirements. The College of Environmental
Science and Forestry at Syracuse has four schools, each of which has specific
requirements. Brockport students plan their academic work under the direction
of Dr. James Haynes, our pre-environmental science and forestry liaison,
to assure selection of appropriate courses for the curriculum to be followed
at Syracuse. SUNY Brockport also offers a Master of Science in Biological
Sciences with an opportunity to concentrate in environmental sciences.

Major in Medical Technology

The major in medical technology enables a student to obtain the BS
degree in Medical Technology from SUNY Brockport at the end of a four-year
program, including three academic years here and a fourth calendar year
at a school of medical technology approved by the College. During the
first three years each student fulfills the general education requirements
and the major requirements. The fourth year at a school of medical technology
includes both theoretical and practical work in a medical lab. The BS
degree is awarded upon the satisfactory completion of the requirements
of both institutions. Upon completion of the internship, the student is
eligible to take the National Registry Examination which must be passed
in order to be qualified as a Registered Medical Technologist. The program
is currently offered in affiliation with Rochester General Hospital.

To enter this program, students declare a major in biological
sciences in the freshman year to assure proper advisement. Majors are
declared with the department secretary, Room 103, Lennon Hall. A formal
application to the School of Medical Technology is made by the middle
of the fall semester of the junior year. Based on the academic record
for the freshmen, sophomore years and mid-semester grades of the fall
semester of the junior year and an interview, the decision is made as
to which applicants will be formally admitted into the clinical y ear.
This decision is competitive and made by the school of Medical Technology.
Those students accepted into the clinical year are accepted into the major
in medical technology at SUNY Brockport.

Course Number

Course Name

Credits

Semester 1

BIO 201

Biology I*

4

CHM 205

College Chem I*

4

GEP 100

APS

1

ENL 112

College Composition

3

Breadth Component

3

Total

15

Semester 2

BIO 202

Biology II*

4

CHM 206

College Chem II*

4

MTH 121 or higher*

3

Breadth Component

3

Total

14

Semester 3

BIO 302

Genetics*

4

CHM 305

Organic Chemistry*

4

BIO 321

Anatomy & Physiology I*

4

Breadth Component

3

Total

15

Semester 4

CHM 306 or 303*

4

BIO 322

Anatomy & Physiology II*

4

BUS 365

Principles of Management

4

Breadth Component

3

Total

15

Semester 5

BIO 323

Microbiology*

4

BIO 414

Immunology*

2

PHS 115

General Physics I#

4

HLS 306

Contemporary Issues in Health#

3

Breadth Component

3

Total

16

Semester 6

BIO 301

Cell Biology*

4

PHS 116

General Physics II*

4

SOC 200

Social Statistics#

3

Breadth Component

3

Elective

3

Total

17

* Required courses in Medical Technology # Recommended courses

The following courses (34 credits) are usually required
in the clinical year at an approved school of medical technology: microbiology
(immunology), clinical chemistry, hematology, blood bank, urinalysis/clinical
microscopy, principles of disease, toxicology.

Minor in Biological Sciences

A minimum of 18 credits, of which at least 10 must be at the 300/400
level, is required for the minor. Students declaring a minor in biological
sciences must earn at least nine credits of biology courses at SUNY Brockport.
Since no specific courses are designated, a variety of tracks is possible
and it is important that students seek advisement through the Undergraduate
Coordinator (inquire in Room 103, Lennon Hall). Many students working
towards teacher certification and/or majoring in other disciplines elect
a minor to strengthen their degrees.

Minor in Environmental Studies in the Biological Sciences

The environmental studies minor is specifically designed for non-biology
majors with an active interest in environmental problems and nature in
general. The courses recommended provide a background in ecological and
biological principles upon which specialty courses in ecology, field study
and organismal biology are dependent.

Course Number

Course Name

Required Courses (8 Credits)

BIO 201

Biology I or Biology II

BIO 303

Ecology

Cross-disciplinary Experience (3 Credits; choose
one)

BIO 319

Biological Oceanography

BIO 419

Limnology

BIO 422

Population Biology

BIO 423

Pollution Biology

BIO 438

Conservation Biology

Field Experience (2-6 credits; choose one)

BIO 421

Limnology Lab

BIO 457

Oceanography Practicum

BIO 477

Field Biology

BIO 488

Environmental Impact Analysis

BIO 490

Fishery Techniques/Identification

Organismal Biology Experience (3-4 credits choose one)

BIO 459

Mammalogy

BIO 483

Aquatic Invertebrates

BIO 484

Fish Ecology

BIO 430

Ornithology

BIO 440

Herpetology

Biological Sciences Courses

BIO 111 Principles of Biology (A,L,E).

Lectures and laboratory
activities examine the structure and function of living systems, from
cells to the biosphere as a whole. For non-majors. Serves as prerequisite
for advanced courses, including BIO 321-322. 4 Cr. Every Semester.

BIO 201 Biology I (A).

Provides an integrated exploration
of the fundamentals of biology as a science, the nature and origin of
life, biological chemistry, cell biology, genetics and evolution. Draws
upon plants, animals and microbes to illustrate structure and function
relationships. For majors. (BIO 201 and 202 are not sequential; either
may be taken first.) 4 Cr. Every Semester.

BIO 202 Biology II (A).

Focuses on organismal biology
by taking an evolutionary approach to examine how animals and plants adapt
to the environment, to study structure and functions by examining both
animal and plant physiology and to integrate this knowledge with laboratories
that run parallel with the lectures. 4 Cr. Every Semester.

BIO 221 Survey of Anatomy and Physiology (A,L,E).

Surveys
human anatomy and physiology, encompassing structure and function of skeletal,
muscular, nervous, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Presents development
and integration of these units as a basis for understanding the anatomical
and physiological aspects of humans at rest and during activity. Primarily
for physical education and dance majors. Includes a lab. 3 Cr. Every Semester.

BIO 281 Elements of Human Biology (A,N,E).

Provides an introduction
for non-majors to the human organismstructure, physiology, metabolism,
behavior, genetics, evolution, and ecological relationships. Addresses
important issues in health and human disease as well as current societal
and ethical issues in readings, lectures, and classroom discussions. 3
Cr. Every Semester.

BIO 301 Cell Biology (A).

Prerequisites: BIO 201 and
202; CHM 205. Covers cellular functions and structures and the interrelationship
between them. Requires a lab including procedures and tools of cell biology.
4 Cr. Spring.

BIO 302 Genetics (A).

Prerequisites: BIO 201, 202; CHM
205 and 206. Recommended: One semester of organic chemistry. Covers the
gene as the basis of variation and principles of heredity. Includes Mendelian
genetics as w ell as molecular aspects including replication, transcription,
and translation. Covers topics in genetic regulation, conjugation, mutation
and repair, as well as population genetics. Provides experiments to illustrate
the above principles. Includes computer simulations of linkage. 4 Cr.
Fall.

BIO 303 Ecology (A).

Prerequisite: BIO 111 or
201 or 202. Covers basic ecology concerned with interrelationships among
organisms and the environment. Considers energy flow, materials cycling,
population dynamics, principles of animal behavior, as well as natural
history in both lectures and field studies. 4 Cr. Every Semester.

Prerequisites: Junior
or senior status. Addresses questions such as: What ecological principles
determine how humans can and cannot use the environment? How can individuals
live and act to protect the environment? How can citizens work together
to change values and institutions in society to promote sustainable uses
of the environment and natural resources? What are the critical environmental
problems in the Great Lakes Basin Ecosystem and the world, and how can
residents act to solve them? 3 Cr. Every Other Fall.

BIO 317 The Biology of Aging (A).

Introduces the
study of aging in the human and a number of other animals at the molecular,
cell, tissue and organ level to understand what is meant by aging and
how it is measured. Includes effects of genetic composition, sex differences
and other factors. 3 Cr. Spring.

BIO 319 Biological Oceanography (A).

Cross-listed
as ESC 319. Provides a brief review of the ocean's physical, geological
and chemical properties, followed by an in-depth study of the biology
and life history of marine plants and animals. Concludes with discussions
on the ecological roles of marine organisms in selected communities, including
inter tidal, coral reef and deep sea habitats. May be taken for credit
only once. 3 Cr. Every Other Fall.

BIO 321 Anatomy and Physiology I (A).

Prerequisite: BIO
111 or 202 or 221. Studies the structures and functions of cells, tissues
and organs with examples drawn from the human body. Introduces students
to the anatomy and physiology of the skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine
and integumentary systems of the body through lectures and laboratories.
Recommended for nursing, health science and pre-medical students. 4 Cr.
Fall.

BIO 322 Anatomy and Physiology II (A).

Prerequisite:
BIO 111 or 202 or 221. Introduces students to the anatomy and physiology
of circulatory, excretory, respiratory, digestive and reproductive systems
of the human body through lectures and laboratories. Recommended for nursing,
health science and pre-medical students. 4 Cr. Spring.

What
is life? When does human life begin? How do genes control life processes?
Is it natural/ ethical to alter the genetic makeup of species, including
humans? Is genetic engineering a technology for improving the quality
of life or for potentially destroying life on Earth as we know it? Vaccines
may prevent human diseases, but what are the consequences of over-population
and starvation? These and other questions serve as the focal point that
explores some of the controversial issues raised by modern biotechnology.
Provides background information for identifying, understanding, and analyzing
critical issues facing the life sciences. Explores these issues from a
variety of perspectives including scientific, economic, political and
sociological. 3 Cr. Fall.

BIO 400 Plant Taxonomy (A).

Prerequisite: BIO 202. The
morphology, evolution, and classification of the vascular plants. Lecture
topics include structure and ecological significance, reproductive biology,
evolutionary history, and principles of classification. Laboratories survey
the diversity of plants and teach the use of technical keys. 4 Cr.

BIO 411 Evolution (A).

Prerequisite: BIO 302. Corequisite:
BIO 303. Commences with a review of philosophical and factual basis of
evolutionary biology. Examines the physiochemical background for the evolution
of life, mechanisms of evolution, population genetics, phylogeny, speciation,
and consequences of the evolution of populations of living organisms.
3 Cr. Spring.

Prerequisite:
BIO 202, 301 or 323. Emphasizes aspects of immunology, including the structure
and function of immunoglobulins, the role of cell-mediated immunity, the
protective role of the immune system, and disease and injury as related
to malfunctions of the immune system. 2 Cr. Fall.

BIO 415 Molecular Biology (A).

Prerequisites: BIO 301 and 302;
and CHM 305. Covers the biosynthesis and function of macromolecules, especially
nucleic acids. Includes topics in regulation, molecular virology, transposition
and transformation, as well as recombinant DNA methods. 3 Cr. Every Other
Spring.

BIO 416 Lab Techniques in Exercise Physiology (B).

Cross-listed
as PES 416. Prerequisite: BIO 111 or equivalent, PES 310, MTH 121, or
instructor's permission. Complements the theoretical preparation of students
in exercise physiology. Provides experiences in the measurement of acute
and chronic adaptations to exercise, the use of technology in the measurement
and assessment of physiological functioning during such conditions, and
the maintenance and calibration of such equipment. Actively immerses students
in the subject to better conceptualize, and internalize, what it means
to administer tests, and analyze and interpret data in a meaningful and
systematic manner. 3 Cr. Fall.

BIO 417 Recombinant DNA Laboratory (A).

Prerequisites:
BIO 302 or instructor's permission. Laboratory methods involved in the
isolation and cloning of genetic material. Procedures utilized include
bacterial and viral growth and selection techniques, gene isolation and
detection, restriction analysis, use of DNA ligase and PCR methods, as
well as site-specific mutagenesis. DNA "fingerprinting" methods
are also introduced. Non-radioactive detection methods are utilized in
the above techniques. 3 Cr. Spring.

BIO 419 Principles of Limnology (A).

Prerequisite: BIO
303 or instructor's permission. Studies the chemical, physical and biological
characteristics of streams and lakes. Recommended for students interested
in oceanography and marine biology, as well as the study of freshwater
streams and lakes. 3 Cr. Fall.

BIO 421 Limnology Lab (A).

Prerequisite: BIO 303. Covers
the basic methodology of sampling different types of organisms; chemical
analysis of water; operation of instruments and sampling gear; and taxonomic
identification of selected aquatic organisms. Includes lab and field exercises
on Lake Ontario on the department boat. 2 Cr. Fall.

BIO 422 Population Biology (A).

Considers the evolution
and function of populations. Includes topics such as population genetics,
reproductive isolating mechanisms, growth and limitation of populations,
life tables, the exclusion principle, predator-prey theory, and species
equilibrium theory. 3 Cr. Spring.

BIO 423 Biology of Pollution (A).

Prerequisite: BIO 303 or instructor's
permission. Focuses on water pollution problems and effects of pollution
on organism physiology, behavior and ecological relationships; bioassay
techniques and procedures; and analysis of pollution data. 3 Cr. Every
Other Spring.

BIO 424 Experimental Research (A).

Prerequisites: BIO
201, 202, 302 and 303; CHM 205 and 206; and instructor's and chairperson's
permission. Under the supervision of a faculty member in biology, the
student undertakes a lab or field research project in some area of biological
science. The topic and methodology is established by mutual consent of
the student and faculty member. All students enrolled meet together with
the involved faculty once a week to discuss the background, methods, and
results of their projects. Students are encouraged to present their results
at Scholars Day. May be repeated; a maximum of six credits may be applied
toward the major in biological sciences. Enrollment is with the department
chairperson. 1-4 Cr. Every Semester.

BIO 425 Practical Field Biology and Lab Pedagogy (B).

Required for students working toward teacher certification in secondary
biology and general science. Requires students to develop preparation
notes, and materials for lab and field experiments. Requires each student
to develop a lesson plan, lead a class in the experiment/lab, develop
a grading scheme, and do the actual grading for a selected lab. Requires
a hands-on experience in the practical aspects of lab instruction. Does
not satisfy the biology major requirements. Enrollment is with the department
chairperson. Students work with a selected faculty member. 3 Cr. Every
Semester.

BIO 426 Recombinant DNA (A).

Considers theory
and techniques in the recombinant DNA field. Topics include cloning vectors,
restriction analysis, PCR methods, and expression of cloned genes in both
prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Also considers examples and implications of
recombinant DNA methodology in plants and agriculture as well as in medicine,
human genetics and disease. 3 Cr. Every Other Spring.

BIO 427 Animal Behavior (A,U).

Prerequisites:
BIO 201 and 202. Explores the behavior of animals in relation to adaption
and phylogenetic history. Covers methods of studying behavior, the effects
of genes and environment on behavior, relationships between neural and
endocrine function and behavior, foraging, mating strategies and systems,
and social systems. Includes lectures, discussions, and laboratory and
field exercises. 3 Cr. Fall.

BIO 428 Microtechnique (A).

Prerequisite: BIO
202. Students will demonstrate competency in the preparation of tissue
by paraffin sectioning and histochemistry. The theory underlying these
techniques will be discussed in lecture, and their application to a hospital
pathology laboratory will also be considered. 3 Cr. Spring.

BIO 429 Electron Microscopy (A).

Prerequisite: BIO 301.
Provides the theory of electron optics and skills of electron microscopy.
Also includes methods of specimen preparation and skills of ultramicrotomy.
Places a strong emphasis on lab. 4 Cr. Fall.

BIO 430 Ornithology.

Prerequisites: BIO 201 and 202.
The study of the form, function, ecology, and evolution of birds. Topics
include anatomy, physiology, origins and biophysics of flight, migration
and annual cycle, mating systems, community ecology, and population ecology
of birds. Laboratory and field experiences include the study of anatomy
and flight, identification techniques, census methods, and trapping and
banding. 4 Cr. Spring.

BIO 433 Instrumental Methods IIIRadioactivity and Enzyme Assay (A).

Prerequisites: BIO 301 and 302, and CHM 305. Covers principles
and experiments involving the use and measurement of radioactive isotopes,
liquid scintillation counting, and measurement of enzyme activity using
spectrophotometric and radioisotope techniques. Given third four weeks
of semester only with eight, three hour lab sessions. 1 Cr. Fall.

BIO 436 Water Quality Analysis (A).

Prerequisite:
CHM 205, 206, or instructor's permission. Covers the use of a spectrophotometer,
fluorometer, gas chromatograph and the atomic absorption spectrophotometer
in the chemical analysis of water by standard methods. Designed for students
interested in water quality analyses for water treatment plants, sewage
plants and for graduate work in limnology. Although the medium for analysis
is water, utilizes the instrumentation and techniques applicable to other
areas of biology. 4 Cr. Spring.

Prerequisite:
BIO 303 or instructor's permission. Examines current theory and data from
evolutionary biology, ecology, and genetics as they r elate to the conservation
of biological diversity. Includes topics such as cause of extinction,
habitat loss and fragmentation, design of nature reserves, landscape ecology,
application of basic principles of population biology to species conservation,
and restoration ecology. 3 Cr. Spring.

BIO 440 Herpetology.

Prerequisites: BIO 201 and
202. The study of the form, function, ecology, and evolution of reptiles
and amphibians. Topics include anatomy, physiology, mating systems, population
and community ecology, and conservation biology of reptiles and amphibians.
Lab and field experiences include the study of anatomy, identification
techniques, and census methods. 4 Cr. Spring.

BIO 443 Biotechniques IIIImmunoassays (RIA/ELISA)
(A).

Prerequisites: BIO 201, 202, CHM 205, 206, and CHM 305. Covers
principles of radioimmunoassays (RIA) and enzyme-ligand-sorbent-immunoassays
(ELISA). Provides hands on learning of either/both methods and applying
them to assay biological samples. Discussions of accuracy, precision and
variability and limitations of the procedures. Given second four weeks
of the semester only with 8 3-hour laboratory sessions. 1 Cr. Spring.

BIO 445 Histology (A).

Prerequisite: BIO 202. Studies
the microanatomy of animal tissue and organs with emphasis on functional
correlations. Includes lab examinations of prepared slides and fresh materials,
as well as normal and pathological tissues. 4 Cr. Spring.

BIO 457 Marine Biology Bahamas (A).

Cross-listed
with ESC 457. A two-week, January intersession field experience in coral
reef ecology on San Salvador Island, The Bahamas. Allows students to study
identification, behavior and ecology of marine organisms in five different
coral reef habitats, and prepare a research report on the habitats and
the behavior/ecology of one organism. 3 Cr. Register in Fall.

BIO 459 Mammalogy (A).

Prerequisites: BIO 201 and
202. The study of the form, function, ecology, and evolution of mammals.
Topics include anatomy, physiology, origins, diet and feeding strategies,
population and community ecology, and social systems of mammals. Laboratory
and field exercises emphasize habitat selection and population biology
of small mammals, anatomy, and classification. 4 Cr. Fall.

BIO 466 General Endocrinology (A).

Prerequisite:
BIO 202 or equivalent. Covers the morphology of endocrine glands; the
relationship between the molecular structure of a hormone and its ability
to regulate metabolism; the role of the hormones in growth, metabolic
and reproductive processes; and various endocrine diseases. 3 Cr. Fall.

BIO 467 Biochemistry I (A).

Cross-listed as CHM 467. Prerequisites:
CHM 306; a college course in biology is strongly recommended. Studies
proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and other biomolecules
with an emphasis on buffers, structures, experimental methods, main energy
production pathways and biosynthesis. Applies concepts and information
to experimental data and deduction of structures, functional roles and
mechanisms. 3 Cr. Fall.

Cross-listed as CHM
470. Prerequisite: BIO 467 or CHM 467; CHM 303 is helpful. Covers biochemical
analyses, including preparation, separations and characterization of products
from a variety of biological sources; and experiments with enzymes and
experiments designed to measure changes inherent in the dynamics of living
systems. 1 Cr. Fall.

BIO 477 Field Biology (A).

Covers identification
of major groups and common species of plants and animals; energy flow
and ecological relationships; and field skills. 4 Cr. Summer.

BIO 481 & BIO 482. Medical Technology I &
II (A).

Provides training through Rochester General Hospital's School
of Medical Technology. Several areas are taught under this name that include:
Blood Bank, Biochemistry, Hematology, Microbiology, Urinalysis, Mechanisms
of Disease, and Independent Research Project. For admission into this
course, students must contact the department chair or the Coordinator
of Medical Technology in Lennon Hall nine months prior to the course.
BIO 481, 15 Cr. Fall; BIO 482, 15 Cr. Spring.

BIO 483 Aquatic Invertebrates (A).

Prerequisites:
BIO 419 and 421 or instructor's permission. Explores the importance of
invertebrates in the ecosystem; the taxonomy of aquatic invertebrates
including insects, crustacea, mites, leeches, and moluscs; the relationship
between classification and identification; and the use of dichotomous
keys, sampling equipment, preservation techniques and biological indices.
3 Cr. Spring.

BIO 484 Fish Ecology (A).

Prerequisite: BIO 303
or instructor's permission. Explores fish ecology from the behavior of
individuals through population dynamics and classification of fishes to
the ordinal level. Relates anatomical, physiological, and behavioral adaptations
of fishes to their ecology and how recruitment, growth, mortality, and
environmental factors interact to influence fish production. 3 Cr. Every
Other Spring.

BIO 487 Birds of New York (A).

Prerequisite: BIO
111 or 202 or instructor's permission. Covers ecological relationships,
avian aesthetics, ethological characteristics; evolutionary relationships
among birds and their progenitors; techniques of study; skin preparation
and use of museum resources; and the significance of avian studies in
photoperiodicity, migration, disease and conservation. Includes field
identification and optional skin preparation. 4 Cr. Summer.

BIO 488 Environmental Impact Analysis (A).

Integrates
a traditional field biology course with an environmental impact analysis
approach. Presents students with an actual site development project (e.g.
boat launching site) on or near Lake Ontario. Based on ecological theory,
environmental analytical principles, aquatic/terrestrial sampling, and
taxonomic skills learned in the course, allows student teams to conduct
an environmental assessment of the proposed project and write an environmental
impact statement. 4-6 Cr. Summer.

To be defined
by the instructor/sponsor in accordance with the specific topic to be
covered that semester. Additional information may be obtained from the
department office. 3 Cr. Every Semester.

BIO 498 Seminar in Biology (A).

Requires students
to research, organize, and present a seminar. Techniques of seminar speaking
are fundamental. 1 Cr. Every Semester.

BIO 499 Independent Study (A).

Prerequisite: Instructor's
permission. To be defined in consultation with the instructor/sponsor
and in accordance with the procedures of the Office of Academic Advisement
prior to registration. Variable Credit. Every Semester.