IL-1 betaBackground

Gene Summary: The protein encoded by IL1B gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX2) by this cytokine in the central nervous system (CNS) is found to contribute to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. IL1B gene and eight other interleukin 1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2.

General information above from NCBI

Subunit structure: Monomer.

Domain: The similarity among the IL-1 precursors suggests that the amino ends of these proteins serve some as yet undefined function.

Subcellular location: Secreted. Note=The lack of a specific hydrophobic segment in the precursor sequence suggests that IL-1 is released by damaged cells or is secreted by a mechanism differing from that used for other secretory proteins.

Sequence similarity: Belongs to the IL-1 family.

General information above from UniProt

Interleukin-1 beta (IL1 beta or IL1B) also known as catabolin, is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. IL1 is a pleiotropic cytokine. It is involved in the inflammatory response, cell growth, and tissue repair in the cortex. The IL1 superfamily consists of three members, IL1A (IL1 alpha), IL1B (IL1 beta), and IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1Ra). In clinical, it has been reported that Interleukin (IL)-1 may influence Th1 / Th2 immune responsiveness and has been implicated in the establishment of successful pregnancy. Proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-1 gene polymorphisms associated with high levels of IL-1beta activity increase the risk for hypochlorhydria and distal gastric carcinoma. IL1B polymorphisms may be involved in susceptibility to SSc. Moreover, the IL2-384-G allele may be a marker for the limited phenotype of systemic sclerosis (SSc).