The Fourth National Environmental Policy Plan published by the Dutch government in June 2001 shows drastic targets for emission reductions for the year 2030, including a CO2 emissions reductions target of 40% to 60%. These targets are meant to start the transition towards a sustainable, carbon-poor energy system. Most of these reductions should come from improved energy efficiency, renewables and clean fossil fuels. Nuclear energy, structural changes in the economy and changes in consumption patterns can also make a contribution. The Plan claims that targets like these are achievable and costs are reasonable: 1 to 2.5% of GDP.