Summary/Abstract: The aim of the present study is to analyze the impact of the decrease in oil prices on the general budget of Iraq and to raise awareness over the importance of activating non-oil income sources in order to provide resources for the budget. The study reached several conclusions from which the most important was that the volatility of oil prices between 1921 and 2012 generated a lot of confusion regarding public budgets of Iraq, as well as real challenges, such as budget surplus or deficit. The research concludes that it is necessary to activate alternative sources of income, or non-oil resources, for financing the general budget in Iraq, especially taxes, in addition to the development of productive and service sectors.

Price: 10.00 €

Diversification of Sources of Funding for the General Budget, its Concept and Dimensions in the Gulf Countries

Summary/Abstract: The countries of the world, especially the developing countries, including the Gulf countries, which suffer from imbalances in the diversification of sources of financing their public budgets, have realized their dependence on a single budget source. This fact comes from the existence of large natural wealth, primarily oil, which resulted in single-source budget financing. The danger of relying on this resource is linked to the prices of international markets, fluctuations in prices and the impact on the public budget in these countries, which prompted the International Monetary Fund to issue warnings for the diversification of sources of funding in the public budget in order to handle these imbalances. Therefore, many countries have sought to implement a strategy to successfully diversify sources of finance by adopting a package of reforms aimed at raising the contribution level of the economic sectors and improving the efficiency of these sectors, especially the manufacturing sector. It is important that in the efforts of diversifying the sources of funding in the public budget, all countries should rely on the expertise and competencies of their economy planners. Many countries have implemented such plans and thus achieved economic developments reflected in reaching an acceptable degree of diversification of sources of funding, to ensure continuity and sustainability of the public budget.

Summary/Abstract: This present investigation examined the degree to which humor, among various characteristics, is desired in two types of relational partners. We expected to find that humor would be perceived as more desirable (or necessary) for a romantic relationship than friendship. We also tested whether there were significant gender differences in assessing humor in these two types of relational partners. Additionally, we attempted to assess whether a lower discrepancy between the scores of the ideal and actual partner regarding sense of humor in romantic relationships, indicates a higher dyadic adjustment. The participants (n=120) indicated their preferences for various attributes (among which was sense of humor), in either an ideal partner, actual partner or best friend on a Five-point Likert-type scale. In order to assess dyadic adjustment, the participants filled in the revised Dyadic Adjustment Form [1]. Sense of humor was rated as a significantly more important (necessary) characteristic in romantic relationships than friendships. As regards to gender differences, no significant differences were found for sense of humor, and the discrepancy of assessment sense of humor in both cases (ideal partner vs actual partner) did not significantly correlate with global dyadic adjustment or with any of its dimensions. The results suggest that a sense of humor is a characteristic acknowledged as important across relationship types, and more in-depth investigations should be advanced.

Price: 10.00 €

Ridge Regression for Addressing of the Multicollinearity Problem with Application in Cost of Production

Summary/Abstract: The regression analysis is statistical method of extensive use, which illustrates the relationship between the explanatory variables and the dependent variable in the form of a model useful in the interpretation of scientific phenomenon, bringing also benefits to society. In this paper we study the most important factors affecting the cost production of cement (Muthanna Factory) by using the ridge regression. The factors are described as follows: we consider the cost of production amount as response variable and factors that affect or may affect the explanatory variables are labor, Price per ton, Electric power, Quantity consumed. They all suffer from high correlation, indicating a problem of multicollinearity .The data analysis is included in the study of the ridge regression as the best approach in case of a multicollinearity problem in the context of financial and economic data being associated with each other often. We used R packages (MASS).

Price: 10.00 €

Application of Factorial Experiments with Asymmetric Responses for Determine Important Factors Affecting on Production of Dates

Keywords: Full Factorial Experiment; Adaptive lasso; Production of Dates

Summary/Abstract: The factorial of experiments assume that the response variable is a distributed one with normal distribution, thus, the dependence of the technique of analysis of variance (ANOVA), assumes the response variable are normally distributed. However, there are many situations where the response variable is non-normal. There are many methods that help us process this problem, the log transformation method for the responses due to the fact that distribution of this responses is non- normal. In this paper we are studying the most important factors affecting the production of the Iraqi dates using factorial experiments. The five factors have been described as the following: (Fertilizers, Dates Type, Number of times vaccinate, Watering the Palm, Pesticides) and each factor has two levels. The ways used to determinate the most important factors are the traditional methods (ANOVA) and adaptive Lasso method for determine important factors. We used program R to analyse the data.

Summary/Abstract: The article presents an empirical research carried out on a sample of 156 middle and high school teachers from the Republic of Moldova. The study was conducted in two stages: the first stage aiming to investigate to what extent school teachers are affected by burnout and what are the main symptoms they typically manifest in their teaching activity. The second stage was focused on examining a range of organizational and person related burnout factors in accordance with the conceptual framework of organizational health, which suggests adopting a more comprehensive approach to issues related to stress and burnout. Thus teacher’s motivation as a person related factor and the psycho-emotional climate along with the satisfaction of basic needs in the work place as organizational factors were investigated. It was found that majority of teachers display such symptoms of burnout as the feeling of overload due to excessive involvement in their job tasks resulting from their strong need to demonstrate high performance. The lack of control over the results of their teaching activity and the lack of acknowledgement of the efforts invested are other two major symptoms of burnout. Teaches with lower level of burnout demonstrate a stronger motivation for competence, they manage better to satisfy their basic needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness in the organizational context and also perceive as more favorable the psycho-emotional climate in their job place. These teachers stay longer in their profession (have more years of teaching experience) thus demonstrating a higher resilience to stress and burnout. Some suggestions for future research are also provided.

Summary/Abstract: Designing teams is quite important besides the dedication of the specialists’ team to the design thinking creativity, knowing that results to achieve and reality to build are not the only weights to balance. More, selecting a team is a matter of drafting the project design and following the rules with creativity, and finally, reaching objectives and managing results for the future. Dedication to necessary (professional) specialties is a criterion for first selection. The next criteria are related to the quick understanding of design, innovation and/or customization, speed and difficulties to meet. Designing a building, a project or a research is not very different in architecture field. Each focuses on several successive phases: defining the inputs and correlated contexts; pre-designing the targets-final products and their nature; forming the best team according to best expectations; planning the design. Since planning the design and the design itself are two products that are the dedicated work of the design leader/and PM, the team has to relate to the sense of conceptual, concrete and knowledge contents. The value of the design -understood as its planning as well as drafting- resides in the nature of advanced design thinking. Also the quality of the team derives from pairing specialties/specialists, co-working and the value of collaborative added value to the initial design theme. Mediating the two – teaming and design thinking- as components of performance in Project Management could lead to best/better architectural results, by testing the partial deliverables in reformatting drafting, communication, expectations and long terms maintenance. In parallel it might lead to decreasing the conflicts and saving time in manufacturing and scheduling the processes in between by oriented common targets. The points of convergence and divergence between practice, theory and architectural inquiries will be highlighted within extended article

Price: 10.00 €

The Quality of Education and Training in the Context of Knowledge Based Society

Summary/Abstract: The strategic objective of the contemporary era is to increase the intellectual potential of society. Starting from this, the XXI century draws a priority to create a modern industry education, which will become an important area of investment, more advantageous than the development of a science, knowledge and education. The quality of education and training has become an area of particular interest, given, first of all to national gap with the developed countries and the need to make an integrated finality in the European context. European Commission’s concerns regarding the importance of education and vocational training is reflected within the Europe 2020 Strategy by developing and adopting ‘guidelines’ concerning the quality of services provided by educational institutions. In a world rapidly changing, the European Union wishes to become a smart and favourable economy for the inclusion by creating a “knowledge triangle” of education, research and innovation, to function properly and to help young people to improve their skills, essential in terms of competitiveness, equity and social inclusion. Being responsible for preparing young generations of graduates in various fields of knowledge, the university is also responsible for the future of society and of the future state of the nation. Quality of education and training is an essential process of maximum importance for becoming, progress of learners and society at the same time. Among the motivational factors that determine universities to worry about the quality of education and training are: orientation towards performance and increase market competitiveness of universities and graduates of educational services in the market of labour resources; the expansion of investment in education research and process development; European market recognition of qualifications (degrees, diplomas) by institutions in the country; development of an institutional culture of quality, fully involved in obtaining staff performance; increased responsibility for quality of academic benefits.

Summary/Abstract: The paper presents the results of a psychological and pedagogical study meant to reveal the importance and the shaping value of the spiritual intelligence on the formation/development of the human personality. The theoretical part of the paper presents scientific bases, significations, meanings and orientations regarding the status and structure of the spiritual intelligence. The practical part of the research pursued two objectives: - a survey of the teachers-to-be` perceptions on the personalized understanding of the concept, of their own explorative and self-reflexive behavior generated consequent to applying the Fr. Vaugham questionnaire - which is designed to identify the coefficient of spiritual intelligence; the discussions were also focused on those ways of the spiritual intelligence defined by Zohar and Marshall; - analysis of the reflections of those students participating into this study, on the qualities associated with spiritual intelligence in relation to age, gender, level of education and culture, spiritual maturity, personal experiences, and their opinions on the formative strategies that contributed, on different stages of life, to valuing some transpersonal ways and to understanding the extent to which spiritual intelligence manifests itself in everyone's life. The conclusions of this report highlight the theoretical and explanatory aspects with regard to understanding spiritual intelligence, characteristics and areas of positive forming and development, spiritual paths that have personalized relevance for the young students who took part into our research. The reflections of the respondents and their analysis – that was made together with experts - outline different perspectives on the internalizing of some spiritual values, and on the understanding of the personal experiences, of their own life style, reactions and behaviors, emotions, as well as the great influence of the interpersonal relationships on acquiring higher degrees of spiritual maturity etc

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Control and Planning in the Development of Female Gymnasts’ Complex of Motor Skills within a Training Macro-cycle

Summary/Abstract: This paper aims at monitoring the integral training through an efficient control and planning in the development of the female gymnasts’ motor skills complex within a training macro-cycle. For this purpose, an experimental ascertaining study was carried out throughout a training macro-cycle of the Olympic cycle 2013-2016, with a group of 20 athletes (n=10 – experimental group and n=10 – control group) belonging to women’s artistic gymnastics national team of the Republic of Moldova. The following methods were used: bibliographic study; pedagogical observation; method of specific tests; pedagogic experiment, statistical-mathematical method and method of graphical representation of data. In order to determine gymnasts’ motor training, 14 parameters were tested, highlighting the level of complex motricity needed to reach elite sports performances in women’s artistic gymnastics. Insignificant differences were revealed in the experimental group based on the results obtained and compared with each other during the 1st training macro-cycle. Following these results, some models and strategies meant to improve the control and planning system were proposed to the experimental group subjects. The implementation of the control and planning system of the activities for motor skills development provided useful information for the efficient monitoring of the full training of the female gymnasts under research.Keywords: Gymnastics

Summary/Abstract: This paper outlines the distinctive attributes of some presidential addresses offered on the occasion of New Year’s Eve. The article contains both theoretical and empirical parts. First we enumerate a number of general aspects that are characteristic to any political speech broadly speaking, then we contrast these with the results obtained from our discourses analysis applied to Romanian and Moldovan presidential speeches. A special focus has been placed on the argumentative structure, lexical traits, and the use of various types of modalization/modulation.

Price: 10.00 €

Legal Notions of Contract. Fundamental Doctrines in Continental Law and Common Law

Summary/Abstract: The contract seems to be one of those self-explanatory legal notions, heavily relying on common-sense knowledge of everyday people involved in whirling spirals of polymorphic agreements, in both continental and common law legal systems. For a legal comparative endeavour, however, it is a dangerous pitfall, since it points to a misleading starting point – the common, practical understanding of contract is probably an effect of similar legal notions, and this may constitute a valid tertium comparationis. In spite of its intuitively powerful and broad everyday use, the contract is, nevertheless, a complex legal notion with detailed juridical articulations. It is from this specific legal angle of each continental and common-law legal family that the unifying common-sense understanding of the contract shows a pluralistic and at times irreconcilably divergent legal understanding of the very notion of contract. It is not the convergence of the legal doctrines of the continental and common-law legal families that this article intends to analyze, convergences which may very well be deducted from the common use of the notion and which find anytime support in most of everyday practice, but the specific differences in the two legal families which destabilize a potential unifying legal notion of contract. The article does not intend to refute nor correct the common European understanding of a contract, but merely to investigate the fact that, although there is a common everyday understanding of what a contract is, and although different legal systems get to similar results, it is not necessarily because identical legal notions are employed.

Price: 10.00 €

Stipulatio Alteri – the Roman law Construction and the Contemporary Structure in European Legal Systems

Keywords: stipulatio alteri; contract in favour of a third party; relativity of contracts; privity of contracts; Roman law.

Summary/Abstract: The Roman law institution stipulatio alteri, introduced as an exception to the unyielding contractual principle Res inter alios acta, aliis nec prodesse, nec obesse potest, can be found in most of the contemporary European legal systems, in the same legal position, as an exception to the principle of contracts taking effects only between parties. This principle, which takes its unaltered substance from the Roman law, is differently referred to in continental and common law legal systems – if in the first legal family it is referred to as the relativity of contracts, the equivalent notion applied in common law legal systems is the privity of contracts. All contemporary European legal systems, however, recognize both the overarching principle of contracts producing binding effects only between the parties and the exception to this principle, the contract in favour of third parties, as it is provided in the French Code Napoleon of 1804 and in its Romanian acculturation, the 1864 Civil Code, just as it is in the contemporary French and Romanian Civil codes, articles 1121, respectively articles 1284-1288, in the Bürgerliche Gesetzbuch, the German private law code, § 328 I, and in common law legal systems as jus quaesitum tertio. This article investigates the structure stipulatio alteri had in Roman law, the arguments and debates surrounding this institution as an exception to the inter partes effects of contracts, and the legal configuration it has in some contemporary European legal systems.

Price: 10.00 €

Evaluation of Risk Behaviors of Medical Students of Republic of Moldova

Summary/Abstract: Background: To reduce behavioral risk factors is a priority of health policies in the Republic of Moldova. However, the promotion of health is a prerogative of the health system and less in educational activities in schools or universities.The aim: to identify medical students’ behavioral risks and their perception in health promotion.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using the CORT questionnaire (elaborated and validated at UMF “V. Babeş”, Timişoara, Romania). Data on demographic and socio-economic characteristics and student’s behaviors were collected: dietary habits, drugs, smoking, family and school environment etc. A structured interview with 473 students was performed. This study was conducted according to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration (1996) and approval of the Nicolae Testemitanu SUMPh ethics committee no.16 from 14.11.2016.Results: There were 473 students integrated into the study, including 359 (75.9%) females and 114 (24.1%) males, mean age 20.42±1.57 years old. The anthropometric indices showed that the average height was 1.69±0.09m and the body mass was 61.31±0.53kg (σ=0.089). The nutritional status with a deficit is 16.1%, the surplus status is 25.2%. Non-smokers – 59.1%, who do not consume alcohol – 28.8%, who do not consume drugs – 95.1%.Conclusion: Our results require us to develop measures to reduce and, in some cases, eliminate health problems, students’ negative behavioral attitudes and risk factors responsible for the health condition, mental health and health culture.

Summary/Abstract: The psychology of physical culture and sports highlights contemporary claims that there is a correlation between personality and model athlete model society among economic, cultural, social and attitudes of character and athletic ability. Understanding personality sportsman as a product of interaction with the environment but also as a system of values which allow the trading athlete to impose and contribute creatively to its development opposes both exaggerated the role of heredity in defining the personality of the athlete, and the attempts to reduce the level determining personality traits of behavior. Temperamental peculiarities sportsman is an important prerequisite for the formation of sports. There aren’t temperaments favorable or unfavorable, because each type of temperament has positive aspects and without to orient ourselves towards change temperamental traits less favorable (which is impossible, because of their hereditary) effectively monetise traits of temperament and level negatives. To this end, physical culture and sports psychology studies the ways of influencing humanly favorable in terms of bio-psycho-social attitudes and using a systematic exercise and sports. Thus, by studying sporty highlights the influence of sports on mental qualities in athletes, are specific mental peculiarities and formative forms and characteristics of sport.

Price: 10.00 €

Strengthening the Partnership between the University and Graduates: Realities and Challenges

Summary/Abstract: The degree of graduates’ employability in the labour market is one of the main criteria, according to which shall be evaluated and assessed a university. It is basically a criterion as important as local or international accreditation agency. Unfortunately, higher education in Moldova has no tradition and practice of development the relations between the graduate and the university after his departure from academic medium, tradition very well developed in other states. It is important to know the career development of graduates through the active involvement of the university in this process. The State University of Physical Education and Sport operates a system of mechanisms that monitor the careers of its graduates. The analysis of the results of this action reflects several important issues for the University, such as: the level of employability of its graduates; the market need for qualified specialists in the fields of training of the University; identify problems in the study programs of the University; satisfaction degree of former university students on the quality of education; teachers who provide quality implementation of the program; utility program for employment and career development etc. The success of this exercise depend on the degree of motivation and conviction of young people to get involved in the life of the graduated University and help to improve its activity. At the same time, the University wants to get the graduates involved, to come up with suggestions, with an objective assessment of the realities where they had studied, without fear of any consequences and propose ideas for continuous improvement of studies. Thus, by maintaining a working relationship with the University and even after studies, the graduate becomes an active partner in ensuring the quality of education at the University

Summary/Abstract: Inquiry-based education has long been used to teach science-based and technical subjects. However, problems often arise during the process of implementing this educational concept into school practice. One cause of this problem may be a lack of development of substantial competences: educational theory does not yet provide a generally valid competence framework, except in a few limited studies. This problem causes difficulties during teachers’ initial and life-long education and is the primary motivation for our research. Based on our results, we created a competence model for identifying the key competences for realizing inquiry-based education may be concluded. In the first phase, published research conclusions connected to the competences of teachers of science-based and technical subjects—accentuating inquiry-based education—were analysed. Accordingly, we conducted research that helped both to establish the importance of individual competences and (subsequently) to create the competence model. The Q-methodology was used for the purpose of obtaining data, and statistical methods (e.g., Cronbach’s alpha, split half, chi squared and Spearman’s correlation coefficient) were used for the purpose of evaluating that data. The research took place in the Olomouc region of the Czech Republic, with 54 expert teachers (from basic schools) participating.Keywords: Teacher’s competences, inquiry-based education, constructivism, science education, Q-methodology.

Price: 10.00 €

Health Education in Special High Schools for the Improvement of Dental Hygiene of Students in Arad County

Summary/Abstract: This research aims to highlight the importance of health education for dental hygiene of special high school students in Arad County. It was considered that health education for dental hygiene in special high schools would determine a decrease in medical consultation, which represents an improvement in the dental hygiene of students. The study sample comprises students of school age, from Arad County special high schools. The children have been dentally examined, and the following items were analyzed: cavity index on certain teeth and oral hygiene education level. Based on the analysis, the educational needs for dental hygiene in special high school students of Arad County, in the year 2016-2017, were assessed. Health education was taught to students during the school program. The health class lasted 30 minutes per classroom, distributed as follows: 10 minute explanation, 10 minute practical demonstration on plaster mold, and a 10 minute distribution of sanitary materials (toothpaste, toothbrushes, and dental floss). Research data was processed with SPSS 17.0 and showed the statistically significant threshold of p < .01. The courses have had a beneficial effect on young people with special needs, causing them to be more careful about maintaining oral care and hygiene. Conclusions: It has been found that after oral hygiene education, the dental health of special school population was improved.

Summary/Abstract: Sustainable development is the harmonization of the interests of the economy, local communities, and environment. Case study of Milos Island is an example of combination of economic and environmental interests of the local population in terms of the model of sustainable development. Milos Island belongs to the Cycladic islands in the Aegean Sea. Milos is of volcanic origin and therefore the mining industry is on the island. The island has bentonite, barrit, kaolin and others minerals. On the other hand, the island is a popular destination for domestic and international tourism. Milos also has cultural and religious significance: as a place of discovery of the statue of Aphrodite (Venus) of Milos and the place of early Christian catacombs location. The largest mining company in the island – S&B – cooperates with the Municipality in order to sustainable development on the island. The mining company helps to maintain employment of the local population, which is especially important in a situation of economic crisis in Greece. But it also tries to save the unique nature of the island. The western part of the island and its coast are included in the list of “Special Zone Reservation” in the framework of the European project “Natura 2000”.

Summary/Abstract: The spiritual paradigm is considered a “key-concept, with clarifying potential”. It can also be “candidate paradigm”, as it has to create itself a field/ a domain, to transit towards maturity. We can also speak of a “model, frame” which are/is subject to the articulation and specifications, in the new or more stringent conditions. This approach tries to reinforce the existence and implications of a psychology of spiritual education, by the argumentation coming through spiritual anthropology, given the close proximity of “spiritual psychology” and “spiritual anthropology”

Summary/Abstract: Ever the last years, the Russian National Health Care System has undergone a number of great changes. These reforms are motivated by the whole transformation of medicine as a social institute. As it showed by the numerous studies, under the process of the globalization and new technologies the clinical practice has been changed. The high technologies in medicine have incorporated new trends in practice and lead to use exactly hard evidence for diagnosis and treatment. But spending on new health technology increases healthcare costs. Now the main trend is the standardization of practice, that is relied on evidence-based medicine as it reduces costs. The great damage to the physician-patient relationship in these movements is that the patient is considered secondary, without attention to his individual characteristics and needs. It ignores the individuality and leads to the uniformity. It affects the doctor-patient relationship. As it well known, trust is a keystone of effective doctor-patient relationship. It may be considered as a belief of an individual that trustee will care of his (a patient’s) needs and interests. But, under the modern trends in medicine, there has been changed the doctor-patient relationship. The paternalistic model has been evolved into the new form based on a personal informed consent. And now the question is that what role trust plays now? Based on the data of the sociological research, it was revealed, that over last years, the public trust to doctors and the national health care system has been unsatisfied and unstable. So, it may be pointed out, that the informed consent could not be only legal compulsion and defence for doctors in case of adverse treatment outcome. It is also an ethical obligation as no consent could not be an insurance for doctors to avoid legal liability. So, mutual trust as a keystone of doctor-patient relationship has been still actual for the current concept of the social interaction in medical practice.

Price: 10.00 €

How Attendant is the Theory of Inter-Civilisational Clashes within the EU Eastern Neighbourhood?

Summary/Abstract: Utilized as an ideological tool by state leaders, within the latest couple of decades, for the establishment of important action strategies, within the international arena, disavowed by impoartant representatives of the academia, Samuel Hungtington`s thesis about the clash between civilizations remains one noteworthy theoretical milestone in the realm of the security and geopolitical analyses. The Ukrainian conflict, through its confessional and ethnical structure of the diverging sides, has reopened, for the International Relations analysts, the debate regarding the accuracy of the thesis of the renowned political scientist. The article aims to analyze the degree in which the Ukrainian people, and other Eastern Neighbourhood people as well, through its cultural, religious and ethnic traits, is confronted with, or can be confronted with, in the forthcomming futurem with an inter-civilizational conflict, from the standpoint of Hungtington`s theory.

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The Role of the Formative Dancesport of the Extracurricular Activities in Gymnasium

Summary/Abstract: The political argumentation, born in reaction to the difference of opinions (ex superficie) and interests (ex profundis) in the fields of politics, is of dialogical nature by its essence. The alterity is a discoursive product, as it is constructed and deconstructed by means of the language. Which are the ways of discoursive representation of The Other – the political opponent, along with its system of ideas, values, objectives, strategies – throughout the act of argumentation in the political discourse? Given the dialogical nature of the argumentation, the alterity finds its expression depending on the pragmatic roles it assumes in the process of argumentation, such as: subject, object, recipient. In order to understand the ways of discoursive expression of the alterity, we hereby propose an inter-disciplinary research – positioned at the crossroads of the theory of argumentation and semiotics with elements of anthropological study. The empirical part consists in the application of a bi-model treatment pattern so as to identify and analyse the discoursive forms of alterity in two speeches delivered by Emmanuel Macron and Marine le Pen during the French presidential election campaign 2017. Understanding the discoursive essence of the alterity and of the ways of expression of such conceptual disjunction stands as a guarantor for the understanding of the roots of the political dissent and the canalization of such dissent towards a constructive path in a climate of clarity, transparency, tolerance and willingness to identify solutions.Keywords: Political discourse, argumentation, alterity, opponent, difference.

Price: 10.00 €

Illness Perception and Ability for Physical Activity among Patients with Chronic Diseases

Summary/Abstract: Illness perception refers to patient’evaluation for his/her life with disease. According to the self-regulatory model (Leventhal, Brissette & Leventhal, 2003) the illness perception is subjective and is created by cognitive and emotional components. The unique combination between different parts of illness perception for every patient can predict the patient’s health behaviour including motivation and performing physical activity. The PURPOSE of this study is to examine the main predictors of illness perception and to evaluate the significance of ability for physical activity for construction of illness perceptions. METHODOLOGY: 237 patients with rheumatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2 have been examined. Optimism and Negative expectancies Inventory (Velitchkov et al., 1993), Multidimensional Health Locus of control Scales (form C) (Wallston et al., 1994), Self Efficacy Chronic Disease Scales (Lorig, et al., 1996), Brief Illness perception Questionnaire (Broadbent, et al., 2006). OWN CONTRIBUTION AND RESULTS: The results of investigation supports the idea that the patients perception of illness controllability depends of health locus of control beliefs and self-efficacy for managing chronic illness. The most important are beliefs that illness depends on patients themselves and their confidence that they have ability at ones disposal to cope with everyday functioning and communicate with doctors. CONCLUSIONS: Self-efficacy for symptom management, Self-efficacy for physical activity and negative expectations are significant and strong predictors of illness perception among patients with chronic diseases and pain.

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Dacian-Roman Cultural Personalities from Scythia Minor (4th-6th Centuries) and Their Contribution to the Affirmation and Promotion of a Humanistic-Christian Culture at European Level

Summary/Abstract: In this study, we have evoked the names of several personalities from the Proto-Romanian culture of Latin and Greek language, from the 4th-6th centuries, located in Scythia Minor (Romanian Dobrogea). Through their pastoral and canonical activities and works with a pronounced literary, historical, theological-philosophical and legal content, they contributed to the assertion of a humanistic Christian culture of ecumenical nature and to the promotion of “unitas in diversitas” (unity in diversity), in the cultural field, at European level. Thus, they played an important role in preparing the European unity of ecclesiastical and cultural-religious nature. Through their (theological, philosophical, historical, literary, juridical etc.) works, these scholars from the Roman province of Scythia Minor are also known in history as founders of the European Christian Culture of ecumenical nature. Finally, by their works, these Scholars from the Romanian Dobrogea of the 4th – 6th centuries promoted the cultural (material and spiritual) identity of the two worlds of the Roman Empire, i.e. “Pars Orientis” and “Pars Occidentis”, which underlay the cultural identity of today’s Europe.

Summary/Abstract: Through human exploration the extraterrestrial space becomes more and more the subject of an anthropological debate. Regarding the rationality of moral actions related to space exploration, the purpose of this article is to compare two moral approaches: generalism and particularism. Moral generalism claims that the rational authority of morality is founded on the affirmation that a moral principle exists in order to ensure that a moral reason in a particular case is automatically a reason in all future particular cases. If its mere application determines the moral statute of any conceivable action then it should be capable of functioning as an action guide in any new case. Unfortunately, ethical-regulative presumptions cannot explain the moral statute of any new action and especially cannot provide guidance in exceptional cases. This is precisely the peculiarity of the action of exploring. Instead, ethical particularism provides us with an alternative epistemological position: instead of conforming to a series of principles, our actions are justified by those moral aspects of a situation which are self-evident, aspects which do not possess the same moral importance in each new situation that may arise. Because of the multitude of morally relevant aspects of environmental action, in order to tackle complicated or completely new ethical issues we are more in need of actual moral discernment than of ethical-regulative presumptions. This kind of approach is more adapted to the extremely complex and unpredictable (from a normative and evaluative standpoint) character of the exploration and exploitation of outer space.

Summary/Abstract: Via the nature of its rules, basketball is both a way for physical training as well as a sports branch which contributes to coordination movement, forming a rapid adaption method to everyday life and inclusion in society. Practicing basketball helps athletes develop their personalities by enhancing thought and decision making speed followed putting everything into action. In this game, distributive attention is the capacity of simultaneously figure out multiple information packages. It can be achieved when exercises are automated and all the info known. Attention distribution is a quality which can be transferred to everyday life bringing important benefits. Objectives. By the means of this study we aim to highlight that through basketball we can really contribute to developing distributive attention. Methods. Research was conducted on 12 female students, aged 20-23, all being members of the Bucharest Economic Studies Academy basketball representative team. The experimental batch was tested using the “Prague test” in two testing moments – T1 and T2 (October 2016 – May 2017). This research was done for 28 weeks (the length of a university study cycle). Results. The “Prague test” revealed significant results for the experimental batch on their final evaluation on 3 out of 4 testing moments and also in total correct answers. In minutes 4,8 and 16, as well as in the number of correct answers, with the help of t testing, p recorded values smaller than 0.05, which confirmed the research hypothesis. Conclusions. By analyzing all scientific data the researchers managed to confirm the study hypothesis, meaning distributive attention can be improved via basketball specific exercises.

Summary/Abstract: In the model of linear regression, the values of variables are known. The sample is limited by censoring limited restriction point where the approved variable is (Threshold point). Censoring occurs at the observation of the independent variables for the entire sample and the censored regression model is considered adequate when the data has to be censored from left at censored point equal to zero. After this, the Tobit regression model can be applied. In this paper we will identify the determinants of the Distribution of Profits between some competing companies on the Iraq Stock Exchange. The profit distribution in the shareholding companies determines the profits which are distributed to the shareholders and the part that is held. The retained profits are a major source of investment in the companies. Although expansion is desirable, profit distribution is as well. The study examines the determinants of the dividend yield, by using the Tobit regression model. The study will use a data set for some companies that traded on the Iraqi Stock Exchange between 2005 and 2015.The results of the analysis of tables use data on Market capitalization, Earnings per share, Market price to book value ratio and debt-equity ratio affect the distribution of profits paid, in some companies traded by Iraq Stock Exchange.

Price: 10.00 €

Gender Differences in Perception of Pain and Body Awareness in Athletes and Normally Active Subjects

Summary/Abstract: According to numbers of present studies pain perception is modifiable by physical activity. This result is important for establishing and using of non-invasive methods with few side effects for patients with chronic pain conditions. The PURPOSE of this study is to examine the gender differences in relationship between physical activity, body awareness and pain perception. METHODOLOGY: Psychological Questionnaires: Body Awareness Questionnaire that asks subjects to rate, on a 4 point scale, the degree to which they were currently experiencing symptoms of sympathetic arousal, State Trait Anger Scale, and State Trait Anxiety Scale. Objective methods (cold pressure test) are used only to determine the pain sensation and pain tolerance thresholds. The (VAS) represents pain as a continuum and is sensitive to change. OWN CONTRIBUTION AND RESULTS: The results of investigation support the idea of significant interaction between body awareness, perception of pain and physical activity. This relationship depends significantly on gender. The female non-athletes estimate the pain through VAS during cold pressor test as more intensive in comparison to female athletes and men from both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The complex, multi-element method for measuring pain used in this study is a useful model for studying effects of exercise on the perception of pain.

Price: 10.00 €

Analysis of the Influence of Sensorimotor Coordination Development on the Technical Execution of Balance Beam Dismounts

Summary/Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to reveal the influence of sensorimotor coordination development on the technical execution of balance beam dismounts in the case of junior gymnasts aged 12 to 15 years. To achieve the purpose and objectives of the research, we used the following methods: review of specialized literature; pedagogical observation method; pedagogical experiment method; tests method; video computerized method of biomechanical analysis; method of movement postural orientation; statistical-mathematical method and graphical representation method. In this study we used 3 tests of assessment of sensorimotor coordination development: test 1 – stuck landing; test 2 –”Briuk” test, static balance and test 3 – static-kinematic stability. The biomechanical analysis was made by means of Physics ToolKit Version 6.0 program, monitoring the key elements of sports technique used in the dismounts off balance beam. The study findings show the level of sensorimotor coordination development in terms of spatial-temporal orientation, vestibular coordination and balance, kinematic and dynamic analysis of sports technique key elements regarding body segments trajectories, angular speeds and force momentum during dismounts off balance beam. As for the correlation of sensorimotor coordination indicators with performance results on balance beam, there are significant differences which confirm the influence of the sensorimotor coordination on junior gymnasts’ technical training on this apparatus. Also, the evaluation of sensorimotor coordination consistent with the biomechanical analysis of sports technique of dismounts off balance beam in the case of junior gymnasts aged 12 to 15 highlights their influence on the technical training and performances achieved in competitions.

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Assessment at Physical Education and Sport Discipline in Primary Education

Summary/Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to improve the assessment system through diversified application of gymnastics means content in the discipline of physical education and sport in primary education. The assessment included 6 test events chosen from the National System of Assessment at Physical Education and Sport in Primary School. These test events are: in the 1st semester – long lasting running, memorization of a set of free general physical development exercises, the level of initiation in gymnastics regarding the execution of isolated acrobatic elements; in the 2nd semester – strength of upper limbs by tractions on the gym bench and strength of lower limbs – standing long jump, 25 m speed running and dexterity test by 3 m distance target horizontal throwing with two hands from below. The diversified use of gymnastics means content within the instructive-educational process in primary school contributed to the improvement of the assessment system and to the more effective achievement of the learning units included in the curricular area at this level.

Price: 10.00 €

Analysis of Physical Training Influence on the Technical Execution of Yurchenko
Handspring Vault

Summary/Abstract: This paper is intended to show the influence of the specific physical training on the technical execution of Yurchenko handspring vault at junior gymnasts aged 12 to 15 years. A number of 7 tests of motricity were used in this study: 3 tests for strength-speed of lower and upper limbs, 3 tests for complex, abdominal and back muscles strength and 1 test of specific endurance. The biomechanical analysis was carried out by means of Physics ToolKit program and movement postural orientation method, monitoring the key elements of the sports technique of Yurchenko handspring vault. The results of the study reveal the level of specific physical training of the junior gymnasts aged 12-15 years, the kinematic and dynamic analysis of sports technique key elements in terms of body segments trajectories, angular speeds and force momentum in Yurchenko handspring vault; there is also shown the dynamics of sports performances achieved in competitions. Also, the assessment of the specific physical training consistent with the biomechanical analysis of sports technique in Yurchenko handspring vault at junior gymnasts aged 12 to 15 years prove their influence on the technical training and the performances achieved in competition.

Summary/Abstract: Although space is ubiquitous in social life, for more than a century scholars are trying to establish a sociology of space field. In social sciences, the research of space focused on physical maps borrowed from geography, mental or cognitive maps from psychology, and, recently, deep maps from anthropology. From a socio-spatial perspective, geographical maps are representations of space (re)producing dominant politico-economic ideologies, while mental maps are representational spaces (re)producing cultural hegemony, both being disconnected from daily life spatial practices. The interconnection among the three dimensions of space might be reflected through deep maps, but they are too broadly defined and difficult to apply. Human ecologists from Chicago School theorized the patterns of urban residential zoning as a result of human territoriality. Later on, sociologists and anthropologists have been trying to persuade that space is not only a container of social interactions but also an active agent, influencing and being influenced by them. Also, the new ecologists theorized human territories as a social construct, with fluid borders, produced, contested, and negotiated in interactions. A decade ago, emotion maps were developed to study family affective territories within home, but they lacked the social construction of reality dimension. This discussion paper aims to nuance the knowledge of deep maps by arguing for introducing the concept of `social construal maps` as a research instrument derived from construal level theory from social psychology. It builds on my doctoral project, in which I used social construal maps to study the social construction of territories of couple intimacy within home space.

Price: 10.00 €

Swimming Lesson in Physical Education and Sport Discipline for First-Year Students in the Higher Education of other Profiles

Summary/Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to highlight the muscle strength influence on movement amelioration in aquatic environment in the swimming styles practiced in the “Physical Education and Sport” discipline for first-year students in the higher education of other profiles. This scientific approach led to the organization of an experimental study conducted in „Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Bucharest during the academic year 2016-2017. The subjects of the research were the first-year students (141 students - 61 from the Faculty of Dentistry and 80 from General Medicine), in the discipline of Physical Education and Sport. The swimming lessons aimed at improving students’ muscle strength level in each off-water training session. The in-water training used exercises for learning and improving the chosen swimming styles (freestyle, breaststroke and backstroke). The study findings highlight the development of arms, abdomen and legs muscle strength in both girls and boys – subjects of the study, the attendance at classes, the participation in sports activities and the final grade. The effective use of exercises for muscle strength development in the off-water training within the swimming lessons in the “Physical Education and Sport” discipline for first-year students contributed to movement development in aquatic environment in the chosen swimming styles and to successful participation in competitions.

Price: 10.00 €

Importance of the Anthropological and Genetic Criteria Involved in Sporting Selection

Summary/Abstract: The researches made in the field of performance sports showed that performance is due 70% to selection and only 30% to training. So, getting top results is possible only for sportsmen with exceptional genetic equipment and special abilities. This work approaches two relevant criteria of the sporting selection, the anthropological and the genetic criteria. These criteria are the only ones to allow us to scientifically foresee the evolution of the biotype and if it shall become an optimum anthropological type for the sporting branch in which it has been selected. At the same time, guiding the training based on knowing the individual anthropological particularities of each sportsman leads to increased sporting efficiency. The selection implies a broad conceptual and organizational assessment action on different levels (anamnesis, diagnosis of the health state, level of physical and functional growth and development, psychic availability etc.) of large groups of children and juniors. It is a process organized and repeated to discover early the subject’s inborn availability so that he/she may practice and specialize in a sport discipline or event afterwards. The genetic and anthropological selection criteria broadly result from the medical and sporting anamnesis, containing both personal, and hereditary-collateral antecedents (child and parents’ morphological configuration, cultural, educational level, parents and child’s attitude towards sports, family sporting antecedents, psychomotor behavior, IQ etc.). The assessment of the potential in sports is made by anthropometric exam, which is a physical growth and development measurement method based on measuring the body, the somatic indexes (nutrition indexes, harmony indexes, force index) concerning various segments or even the whole body.

Summary/Abstract: This work is authors’ expression on essence of tolerance as a moral quality of a personality, reflecting the attitude of people to the multidimensionality of the world, diversity of cultures and uniqueness of the individual as supreme value and most important condition for the coexistence of people and self-realization of everyone, manifested in understanding the unity of the world and the interdependence of people, in recognizing the principle of complementarity, in recognizing the equality of individuals in society and their right to self-expression, the desire and ability to understand and accept the other, implementing the principles of partnership. We ground the idea that preadolescence is the sensitive age for forming this feature. We introduce outcomes of the tolerance development level study at high-school adolescents and tolerant and non-tolerant psychological profile of people. We demonstrate that the central element of tolerance is the understanding and recognition of the value of the diversity of the world and people in all their manifestations, the value of different opinion, view, position and culture. A decisive role in tolerance manifestations is played by subject’s attitude to something or someone. Tolerance manifestations also depend on subject’s skills, primarily communicative ones. It was revealed that increasing tolerance level is facilitated by the ability to control own emotions, to dose them; flexibility, development, expressiveness of emotions; domination of positive emotions; desire to approach people on an emotional basis; positive self-perception and self-attitude; developed intellect, strong “I”, diplomacy, self-sufficiency; moral-business orientation of personality. The work briefly introduces the formative program aimed at a comprehensive impact on students’ personality and the outcomes of its implementation, witnessing a significant increase of adolescents’ tolerance level, enabling to reach positive changes in the emotional, motivational and value spheres and in the personality of senior pupils in general, contributing to the effective formation of tolerance.

Price: 10.00 €

Stress Resistance as a Diminution Factor of Inclination to Addictive Behavior in Adolescents

Summary/Abstract: The given work substantiates the idea, that the age of adolescence is characterized by emotional instability, weak stress resistance, personal immaturity, combined with the desire to be accepted by the others, the fact very often causing deviant and later on addictive forms of behavior. Taking into consideration the connection between the adolescent stress resistance and their inclination to addictive behavior we worked out and tested the program aimed at lowering the dependence index through the raise of stress resistance level in adolescents. The analysis of the data received showed that the majority of adolescents aged 13-15 demonstrate low level of stress resistance (62.2%). Girls are less stress resistant than boys (74, 4 % and 52, 7% respectively). The results of the method on revealing the dependence inclination showed that the most problematic are the 14 year old adolescents. Their index of food, alcohol, tv and computer dependence is the higher. Compared with girls, boys demonstrate greater behavioral dependences both on medium and high levels. The statistical analysis confirmed the connection between adolescent stress resistance and their inclination to addictive behavior. That made possible to work out and test the program (its principles and essence are stated in brief in the article) aimed at the raise of stress resistance level thus lowering the inclination to addictive behavior. The comparative analysis of the data received in the test and experimental groups before and after the program confirmed our assumption about the connection between two mentioned above variables and the efficiency of the intervention worked out by us and aimed at the lowering the level of the addictive behavior.

Price: 10.00 €

The Relevance of Obtaining Performance at the Age of 6-7 Years at the Expense to Maximize the Potential at Junior Swimming

Summary/Abstract: There is a tendency in our time to believe that the involvement of the child from early age in specialized training methods for competitions is suitable for swimmers, while their level of prediction is weak. For this reason, we try statistical reasoning and logic recurring resulting therefrom. If the values designation and significance correlation allows a close link between control trials: the number of sportsmen and sportswomen and times obtained in tops the leaderboard at the municipal level at the age of 6-7 years on contest and evolution and results to junior level I. The results obtained from control trials were determined to what extent the level of preparedness in children is relevant in predicting a diagnostic result in competitive level or training to junior. By studying the evolution of the road map until junior level is found that printing a rapid pace in the preparation fot the results in addition of lost satisfaction athlete to lower competition time before the age junior and actual loss of energy resources for improving sports performance in competition. In management training to high performance and eliminating inadequate general physical training and waiving specific means unconnected with the age would lead to energy savings for recovery, and certainly improve athletic performance in future competitions. Another argument is economic reasons: these emphasize the fact that what should be confined to the sports ground until the pubertal selection for high performance swimming is actually promoting sports clubs and particularly private clubs. The state established clubs still maintain a certain level of moral discipline of preparing children in the sport.

Summary/Abstract: Through this paper I wanted to highlight a way of improving the symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis by hydrotherapeutic interventions. The role of aquatic physical activity in this type of condition is to reduce the intensity of the pain and thus prevent the appearance of new symptoms and more pain. Thus, the goal is to have a dynamic life that will change the degree of activity and not lead to unwanted consequences. The purpose of the paper was to show how aquatic rehabilitation techniques can show an improvement in the immobility status of spinal disorders. Recovery programs that use aquatic exercise as a therapeutic tool in vertebral pathology in the elderly are effective and contribute to the improvement of specific symptomatology. Arthritis is the main cause of long-term physical disability and its prevalence increases with age. Therefore, muscular strengthening is required, which can be achieved by using isometric contractions of stabilization in water. Relaxation can be achieved by floating, using the buoyancy effect. Techniques of holding positions and relaxation methods are predominantly used in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and can be used to improve the movement of a joint where muscle spasm is the limiting factor.

Summary/Abstract: This article is a study about how Easter traditions are perceived in our days, especially in the cities from Romania. The main purpose of this study is to reveal which are the aspirations of people regarding the phenomena of traditions and rituals in Romania and also to find their meaning in a world which is aimed to be more profane than sacred. For my research, I turned to some researching methods starting from meta-analysis method as questionnaires and participative observation. In order to maintain its culture, Romanian people has to fight against the secularization of the society. Today, Romania’s counties seek to reform their traditions, to draw people back to their roots in hope to preserve the traditional celebrations in the present society. During the preparation for Easter, a series of emotions begin to act in order to create traditional rituals. These emotions are responsible to preserve the Romanian traditions. I focused this study on how people are participating in the Easter rituals in the present and how they feel by visiting places of childhood or places in the country where the tradition has remained as the most important part of the traditional village. However, in the country, Easter celebration is contributing to preserve the Romanian traditions more than others traditional Romanian celebrations.

Summary/Abstract: The development of social policy in Bulgaria is closely related to social and economic development of the country but it is also influenced by the common European trends and priorities in last decades. Current study examines the theory and the practice of social policy in the context of its broader understanding focusing on active policy and especially considering employment encouragement and skills management. Main conclusions put the accent on the advantages of active policy and the importance of following a purposeful policy for raising employability and developing a functioning labor market.

Price: 10.00 €

Modeling Active Social Programs in Bulgaria through Social Entrepreneurship Encouragement

Keywords: social entrepreneurship; social enterprise; active social program

Summary/Abstract: In contemporary society one of the priorities for development is to assure social inclusion and equality through provision of employment opportunities and increasing incomes by the active involvement of citizens in the labor market. Among the specific measures is the encouragement of entrepreneurship, and social entrepreneurship in particular. Implementation of such active social policies contributes to effective solutions to the problems of poverty and social exclusion. Current study examines social entrepreneurship and social enterprises as an opportunity to build a model of an active social program based on the notion that the most critical to tackling poverty and social exclusion is the application of such social policies that give people access to economic opportunities and knowledge and skills to utilize opportunities – so that they cope with the trap of poverty and social exclusion, dependence on social protection system, vulnerability to the adverse events of economic or social nature.

Price: 10.00 €

Opportunities and Trends in the Development and the Improvement Processes in the Bulgarian Military Educational System

Summary/Abstract: The paper presents current challenges which the Bulgarian military educational system is facing in the context of the basic features of the security environment and trends for the first half of the 20th century by identifying the main problem areas in its functioning. The status and the capabilities of the military educational system of the Republic of Bulgaria are discussed on the basis of conducted analysis about key strategic documents in the sectors of education, security and defence, as well as the current state of the military and civil education and the inherent activities of the training institutions. Military educational system ensures individual training of the servicemen in the system for armed forces preparation, defined in the Doctrine of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Bulgaria. That is why individual training is reviewed in details. Described are the main elements of the military educational system as a complex, adaptive and flexible system that develops in unity and complementarity with the system of civil education in Bulgaria. Guidelines are formulated for improving the military educational system in relation to its contribution to strengthening national security and defence of the country in three directions – conceptual, organizational and technological improvement.

Summary/Abstract: The methodology of training in sports performance practice no longer corresponds to the required training and competition performance of the athlete. There appears, therefore, the need to use concepts and new information obtained from the Methodists and specialists in sports training, to produce an efficient methodology, as an addition on the way to performance. Romanian rower athletes have recently achieved less efficient results, which show that the training methodology no longer corresponds to the sporting world and to modern requirements. We thought that introducing the methodology of preparing complementary ergometer exercise will provide an opportunity to help improve and promote a higher performance in rowing. To contribute to improved methodology of training in rowing we studied 8 rowers of 18-20 age groups at Snagov Sports Club. We applied a workout program for 6 weeks preparatory phase, in which we introduced 500 m speed tests and 2000 m tests, where we use the ergometer Concept II type PM5, which aims to provide the necessary information, instantly motion control and continue reorganization. In conclusion, the data in this study show that the introduction of specific training methodology in cross-training can help improve and promote a higher performance in rowing.

Summary/Abstract: One of the benchmarks of physical education in primary school consists in maintaining optimal health and increase adaptability to environmental factors. Thus, we conducted a study to show the physiological indicators noticing by Ruffier test group is a functional cardio-vascular valuable, especially for children and elderly untrained person.We aim with this study to demonstrate the correlation of test results obtained in clinical orthostatic different groups of students at that age, in order to propose to improve the physical fitness of subjects and selection for athletic performance. We assume that the I st grade students somato-functional indicators evaluation will observe their inappropriate age-related physical development and will recommend compulsory practice of physical education activities within optional and extracurricular classes. The study undertaken following methods were used for research: observation pedagogical method tests, statistical and mathematical methods of processing and interpretation of data.Expected results from this study are even more important as children’s health is a matter of public interest and concern specialized international institutions and medical research to the younger generation. The data obtained will be implemented at the school and available to those who wish to consult the bibliography and published materials.In a study undertaken we conclude we can say that consolidation motion skills and the primary school is performed simultaneously with performing exercises of physical development, as well as through a drive system specially developed that must be present in lesson Physical Education.

Price: 10.00 €

herapeutic Storytelling as a Tool for Drug Addiction-Strengths and Constrains

Summary/Abstract: A substance addiction is one of the most complex areas of mental health. Substance abuse, leading often to addiction, can often be difficult to treat. The problem is even more delicate when we are talking about children and adolescents, in particular, because they are extremely vulnerable to substance use. People who face an addiction to drugs or alcohol can use the services of a mental health professional for help in overcoming addiction. One of the most effective treatment methods is storytelling. The therapeutic story reinforces the idea that our life is not one narrative, but a collection of different stories, both good and bad. G.K. Chesterton said, “Stories are useful, not because they tell us that dragons exist, but because they tell us that dragon can be defeated.” Threating addicted children through therapeutically story and not using other “drugs” is a real “challenge” for all specialists, not only from Romania, but from entire world too. The problem is related to the next 2 questions: 1. Is it therapeutically story an efficient method to heal addicted children; 2. Who can do it? Through an auto-questionnaire survey, we will try to establish if the therapeutic storytelling is an efficient intervention to prevent, to solve the drug abuse and to highlight some ideas about this topic. This study is a part of a bigger study [5], which started in 2016 and its’ purpose is discovering the role of the therapeutically story for different people with different needs in order to use this results in educational activity but not only.

Summary/Abstract: This study is circumscribed to the science of communication. It aims to illustrate, exemplify, and conceptualize the idea of objectual message. The meta-analytical method and the comparative method are used. Two historical and one semiotic messages are examined. The first message is extracted from Herodotus’s “Histories”: in the form of a message, the Scythian kings send Emperor Darius a bird, a mouse, a frog, and five arrows. The second message is extracted from Cassius Dio’s “Roman History”: Decebalus sends Trajan a huge mushroom on which he wrote in Latin the advice to make way back and start peace talks. The third element is an analysis of Roland Barthes, in which he states that an object like “a scarf” constitutes a message with haptical meanings. From the comparison of the three messages, the characteristics of the objectual message are infered. In a related way, it is found that in practical order the objectual message is one of the most important types of message, along with the verbal message, the oral message and the written message.

Summary/Abstract: Sales forecasting plays an important role in business strategy. An appropriate demand forecasting model is necessary for reducing the cost of storage. At a company level, lowering the warehouse costs and optimizing the value chain is a prominent requirement for an optimum stock management. In this paper a demand forecasting model is built to support the stock management activity of medium enterprises by means of data mining algorithms. SQL server analysis service is used for implementing the demand forecasting model. The paper studies a list of available algorithms that are offered by SQL server analysis service and the performance of the aforementioned algorithms is tested using the cross-validation feature that is provided by SQL server analysis service to optimize the performance of the model. We also aim to explore in our research the ability of RMSE (Root mean Squared Error) to include time series algorithms in the cross-validation phase. The proposed model is tested based on a dataset of a timber export company and the output is used for analysing the performance of the proposed model. The paper reached a group of conclusion and one of most the importance conclusion is neural network algorithms performance was the better in adapting our tested dataset comparing with the other algorithms.

Summary/Abstract: Inventory management involves determining optimum inventory stock that should be held. It is necessary to introduce a set of policies and controls that establish and track levels of inventory and determine when stock should be refilled. At a firm level, identifying all opportunities for optimizing the value chain and lowering the warehouse cost is a main requirement for an efficient stock management. In this paper a supply chain application is modelled to support and optimize the stock management activity. This topic is addressed by using autoregressive method to model a supply chain application. Also, the potential of cross prediction is tested for increasing the performance of the auto regression method. SQL server Analysis services and visual basic for application is used for implementing the supply chain application.

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