..23 (95%CI 0.72 to 2.11). Both the meta-analyses of published studies and a large case-only study did not show evidence for interaction between factor V Leiden and hyperhomocysteinemia for risk of venous thrombosis...

..This risk association was stronger for methionine than for homocysteine or cysteine. This supports the hypothesis that impaired methylation may be involved in the pathogenesis of venous thrombosis...

..65-1.98) in the hyperhomocysteinemic group and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.31-1.07) in the normohomocysteinemic group. The results of our study do not show that homocysteine lowering by B vitamin supplementation prevents recurrent venous thrombosis...

..73, p=0.09). We did not find evidence for an effect of the DHFR 19-bp deletion or 9-bp repeat on spina bifida risk in mothers and children. An effect of the 6/6 repeat genotype on DHFR expression cannot be ruled out...

..55-13.22 and OR 3.38, 95%CI 1.46-7.84, respectively). In our study population, the NOS3 894GT/TT genotype might be a risk factor for having a spina bifida affected child in mothers who already have an impaired homocysteine metabolism...

No added value of the methionine loading task in assessment for venous thrombosis and cardiovascular disease risk

..The methionine loading test has no added value next to measuring fasting homocysteine levels for identifying subjects at risk for venous thrombosis or cardiovascular disease and for that reason should not be used in clinical practice...

..In the present review relevant SNP in genes that code for enzymes involved in folate transport and uptake, the folate cycles and homocysteine metabolism are summarised and the importance of these SNP discussed in relation to NTD risk...

The effect of homocysteine reduction by B-vitamin supplementation on inflammatory markers

..27 (95% CI 0.55-2.94), whereas the -34CT genotype confers a risk of 1.25 (95% CI 0.44-3.52) compared with the wild-type genotype at this locus. However, the wide confidence intervals do not allow firm conclusions to be drawn...

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the transcobalamin gene: relationship with transcobalamin concentrations and risk for neural tube defects

..Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is the most sensitive and specific marker of intracellular Cbl status, but its application is hindered by limited methods available for accurate and high-throughput MMA determination...

Potential role for adenosine in the pathogenesis of the vascular complications of hyperhomocysteinemia

..eNOS-deficient mice have impaired cardiac development resulting in congenital heart defects (CHDs). In humans, a single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene coding for eNOS (894G>T) is associated with birth defects...

..We hypothesized that if CYP2C11 is involved in the EDHF-mediated responses, its mRNA should be expressed in endothelial cells. We, therefore, examined the mRNA expression of CYP2C11 in endothelial cells of renal arterioles...

..7 (95% CI: 3.3 to 108). We conclude that hyperhomocysteinemia and factor V Leiden are risk factors for recurrent venous thrombosis. The risk of thrombosis appeared high for individuals who had both risk factors...

Polymorphisms in the transcobalamin gene: association with plasma homocysteine in healthy individuals and vascular disease patients

..The influence of hyperhomocysteinemia on EDHF is unknown. The present in vivo study evaluates the integrity of the EDHF pathway in the renal microcirculation of rats with acute and chronic hyperhomocysteinemia...

Vitamin and homocysteine status of mothers and infants and the risk of nonsyndromic orofacial clefts

..91-1.8]. Elevated homocysteine levels and the MTHFR 677TT genotype are associated with an increased risk for schizophrenia. These observations support a causal relation between disturbed homocysteine metabolism and schizophrenia...

Effect of oral vitamin B-12 with or without folic acid on cognitive function in older people with mild vitamin B-12 deficiency: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

..Vitamin B-12 deficiency is associated with cognitive impairment in older people. However, evidence from randomized trials of the effects of vitamin B-12 supplementation on cognitive function is limited and inconclusive...

Can we exclude the TXNIP gene as a candidate gene for familial combined hyperlipidemia?

..A high prevalence of cobalamin deficiency occurs in the elderly population, which may be treated orally or with injections. Little is known about the relative bioavailability of crystalline cobalamin added to food products...

..In the last section, we summarize the polymorphisms, for which the obtained data provides evidence for their involvement in Hhcy at the population level, and discuss how to continue our search for genetic determinants of tHcy...

..This study, therefore, indicates that the Hcy-induced delay of the neural tube closure is caused by the inhibition of transmethylation via elevation of AdoHcy levels and a reduction of the AdoMet/AdoHcy ratio...

Betaine and folate status as cooperative determinants of plasma homocysteine in humans

..Two published studies have demonstrated that betaine in the circulation is a determinant of plasma total homocysteine, but none had sufficient power to investigate the possible effect modification by folate status...

Effect of homocysteine reduction by B-vitamin supplementation on markers of clotting activation

..A 10.4% reduction was observed for D-dimer (p = 0.08). In conclusion, it appears that in healthy subjects homocysteine reduction by B-vitamin supplementation has a modest beneficial effect on clotting activation...