A biographical register of Australian colonial musical personnel–G

Graeme Skinner (University of Sydney), "A biographical register of Australian colonial musical
personnel–G", Australharmony (an online resource toward the history of music and musicians in colonial
and early Federation Australia): http://sydney.edu.au/paradisec/australharmony/register-G.php; accessed 19 March 2018

Mr. Grant's benefit on Monday night, was but thinly attended - owing to
the tremendous rain which kept pouring down during the whole of the evening. The players however performed with great spirit ...
Signor Gagliardi (son of general Gagliardi of the Sardinian service) performed a solo on the flute, which
would have been extremely effective, had there been a proper pianoforte accompaniment. His style of playing is chaste, brilliant, and refined.
The piece selected was the beautiful cavatina "Roberte toi que Jaime" from Meyerbeer's opera of "Robert the Devil".
Signor Gagliardi upon being loudly and heartily encored, substituted the Fra Poco, from Lucia di Lammermoor, and played it very expressively and with much taste.

. . . The next toast given, as a matter of course,
was "Prince Albert and the Royal Family," which was followed by a capital song very well sung,
by a newly-arrived gentleman named Gale, who, when his vocal powers became known,
was frequently solicited to favor the company in a similar way, to which he on every occasion
most readily and handsomely acquiesced . . .

. . . Several gentlemen sang during the evening with considerable taste and effect,
especially Messrs. Gale, Yems, Hillier, and Penrucker. The former gentleman, Mr. Gale, is an excellent singer.
His bass has not only extraordinary compass, but also most exquisitely modulated sweetness.
His singing of "The Ship on Fire," "The Heather Bloom," "The Standard Bearer," and "I'll not beguile thee from thy home,"
were vociferously applauded. This young gentleman has only arrived lately
from England, but from the agreeable talent that he so amply possesses, we may safely
predict to him numerous applications for his presence at future convivialities in Adelaide . . .

On Saturday night a party in the public room of the York Hotel, Rundle-street,
had amused themselves with songs and glees a little beyond the usnal hour of closing,
and received a hint from the waiter that it was time for them to retire.
Upon this most of them left; but Mr. Gale, the well-known vocalist, who formed one of the company,
was inclined to sit a little longer. Inspector Rose, of the Mounted Police, who was also there,
jocosely, as we are informed, offered to turn him out - saying, that, as he was the only Policeman present,
it was his duty to clear the room. Mr. Gale unfortunately, resented his interference,
and struck at him. Inspector Rose fell against the wall, but, immediately recovering himself,
returned the blow by a stroke from a heavy hammer handled whip which he had in his hand.
The effect was instantaneous - the poor vocalist fell to the ground insensible,
and with a bleeding wound above the temple. Dr. J. Moore was immediately called in,
and found the skull fractured. The patient, up to last night, was doing, far better than could have been expected,
having perfect possession of his intellects, and being subject to very little pain.
Inspector Rose has been relieved of duty by the Commissioner of Police, and is at present confined to his quarters,
awaiting the result, of which we trust we may shortly be able to report favourably.

"THE ASSAULT ON MR. GALE", South Australian Register (13 December 1852), 3

At the Police Court, on Friday, William Rose, Inspector of Police,
appeared before H. R. Wigley, Esq., Special Magistrate, upon the information of Adelaide Frances Gale,
wife of Thomas Theodore Gale, ot Kooringa, vocalist, charging him upon suspicion with having on the 27th of November,
feloniously assaulted the said Thomas Theodore Gale, with intent to do him some grievous bodily harm . . .

The death is announced, at the age of 85 years, of Mrs. A. F. Gale, who for
many years was in the employ of Messrs. James Marshall & Co. as head of the dressmaking department.
Upon resigning that position she proceeded to Wellington, New Zealand, to live with her
son (Mr. Thomas Gale), who figured prominently in public life in that city.
Upon his death Mrs. Gale returned to Adelaide, where she resided until the time of her decease.

GALLAGHER, T.

Music copyist, violinist, teacher of flute, violin, and harmony, quadrille and volunteer force band leader

T. GALLAGHER, Musical Copyist to the Orpheonist Society. Music neatly copied,
arranged, or transposed, to suit any voice or instrument. Instruction given on flute, violin, and harmony. 217, Castlereagh-street.

MR. T. GALLAGHER, Teacher of Music, is prepared to undertake the teaching of Volunteer
Bands, Drums and Fifes, &c. Music suitably harmonised for either of the above, may be had on application to Mr. G, at his residence 217,
Castlereagh-street.

... The band has improved very much of late, and we learn that some "gems" are in
rehearsal for the ever to be remembered demonstration of the twenty-seventh. It it is not too late, I would suggest that our worthy
band master, Mr. Gallagher, would compose a piece of music to be called, for instance, the Governor's March, the Railway Galop,
or some other appropriate name, in remembrance of such an eventful day in the annals of Portland as the 27th of April is expected to be.

... One great feature in the proceedings of the evening was the music of the band under the
improved conditions of a new drum, cymbals, and other instruments, all of which appears to be the very best of their kind ... [Major Learmouth]
must compliment Mr Gallagher for the great improvement made by the band, and be hoped the members would go on improving. Mr Gallagher, he held,
was deserving of special thanks for the accuracy with which the different pieces are rendered, as this accuracy argues attention equally
on the part of the Bandmaster, and the members.

Challenge. HEARING that Mr. T. GALLAGHER and another person are talking a great deal about my cornet playing,
I am quite prepared to play him for £20 at any time it will suit his convenience. THOMAS V. SHORT.
Address, Post-office, Hamilton.

Deep regret was expressed in the community yesterday when it became known that Mr.
Charles Galvin, a very widely-respected resident of Launceston, had passed away ... The deceased was well known in the colony,
and with old Launceston residents his name was as familiar as a house-hold word. He arrived here in the Royal Saxon on November 21, 1842, with his
father, mother, aunt, and three brothers, and the family settled in Launceston. The deceased as a young man was possessed of those
attributes which tend to make a good and useful citizen, and which strengthened as he grew older. He became a proficient builder, and with
his brother, John Galvin, with whom he was associated in connection with that industry for many years, built the Town Hall, the Union and
Commercial Banks, and in 1866 the Roman Catholic Church, besides many of the principal private and public structures of the city. Deceased was
born in Cork, Ireland, in the year 1831, and though only a lad when he left his native country he was an ardent lover of Ireland and her
people, and throughout his long and useful career in the colony he took a keen interest in all matters connected with his birthplace, his kindly
spirit and earnest devotion to the amelioration of the troubles which beset Irishmen in the early days gaining for him the respect of his
friends and the admiration of all who were acquainted with him, and could appreciate his sterling character. Three years after the arrival
of the family in the colony, Mr. Charles Galvin, with a number of others, founded the St. Joseph's Band, and was associated with that body of
musicians up to the time of his death. He was leader of the band for many years, and continued an active member until very recently, taking a
keen interest in the various contests in which they took part. He was an earnest politician, and any movement that had for its object the welfare
of Launceston had his support. He was on one occasion a candidate for municipal honours, but although he polled well he was defeated. He had
many friends, indeed there were few citizens who were not acquainted with him or appreciated his worth ...

... After the piece came a Comic Song by Mr Gardiner, descriptive of divers things
which an old gentleman "does not like to see." Some of the hits were good, particularly one touching "mustachoed swells who can't post a mag," which caused the
more ursine part of the audience to look queer ...

... The author's career in Australia opened in Adelaide, curiously enough, in 1848, in the old
Victoria Theatre, Currie Street, now serving the more useful purpose of a horse bazaar. He had
no desire to pursue the histrionic profession, but was induced to make an appearance on the
stage as a comic soloist. Bis songs made a hit and though he left the theatre and spent some
time as a driver of a post-cart between Adelaide and the Port, yet he was enticed to return.
After a short season here he proceeded to Melbourne, and was there when the discovery of
gold at Bendigo produced such a sensation. He caught the gold fever and went to the diggings,
where he had fair success ...

On the 50th Regiment's second Australasian tour, Gassner and his band arrived in New Zealand in November 1863.
Gassner remained until March 1865 when he and his wife sailed again, via Sydney, for London, returning to New Zealand in March 1866.
By October 1866 the headquarters of the regiment ("The Queen's Own") with Gassner and band had relocated to Sydney.

In seeking out and arranging repertoire for his popular outdoor band recitals, Gassner fostered the talents of local composers
(in New Zealand his band had played a valse "Waikato", by prolific fellow bandmaster, Mr. Bergmann of the 18th Regiment),
notably a group of younger Sydney composers, including the former Christy's Minstrel C. W. Rayner,
Rayner's friend pianist Alfred Anderson, and John Cash Neild junior.
Rayner's music was of particular interest of Gassner, who introduced band arrangements of many of his songs,
as well as several times performing his own Grand potpourri on Rayner's melodies
("comprising the Ode, Australian Belles, Southern Cross, 'Twill brighter be to-morrow").

Thereafter, Gassner claimed to have been inundated with requests from other composers to arrange and perform their music,
so much so that he was forced to write the editor of the Herald in November 1867.
This provoked an anonymous jibe in the next issue:

SIR - Gassner the First has issued a ukase to the effect
that he will not score any more music for the present, and inhibits
further composition. The ukase, published in your issue of yesterday, is
very severe on some of the unfortunate composers of the city; this
musical monarch is graciously pleased to ignore Horsley, Ellard, Loder,
Marsh, Stanley, &c, for the sublime works of Rayner, Anderson, and
Neild, a coterie whose compositions M. Gassner is continually putting
before the public, to the exclusion of good music.

With regimental commander Waddy's support, Gassner involved himself and his band in a welter of philanthropic causes,
playing at events to raise funds for St. Vincent's Hospital and the Catherine Hayes Hospital.
At the latter in 1868, he formed and trained a band for the boys of the destitute children's asylum.
In December the press reported on an event at which

the boys' new band ... under the careful teaching of Mr. Gassner, were found to have actually become proficients,
playing marches, polkas, and other pieces with a spirit and a precision which reflected very great credit on their kind instructor.
Their smart new uniforms, and numerous brass wind instruments, imparted quite a festive air to the scene,
which was yet further enhanced by the many gay flags that were flying at the asylum and on the site of the hospital.

Gassner composed at least 3 works especially for local consumption,
The southern beauties waltzes (Sydney: Elvy & Co., [1867]), a grand march Royal procession ("composed
expressly for H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh") (1867/68), and most interesting of all, "composed expressly" for a "moolight promenade" concert in the Domain,
a "Grand characteristic Pot-pourri", entitled The night-mare and the council of war of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza,
a programmatic work with 12 numbers "composed expressly".

Pre-existing works by Gassner also appear on his own band lists, including his march Rifle Volunteers
(first in August 1867), and his overture The exiled (first played in Sydney in November 1867; much later published in
Boosey's military Journal (82/1) (1887). As well as the Overture, Gassner also introduced a coro e cavatina from The exiled in
Auckland in 1864, and campaign quadrilles Lanka and Katoogastotto.

Ginanni Gassner still appears as "Bandmaster 50th of Foot", born Naples, aged 52, in the 1881 UK census.

Documentation:

"SOCIETY OF ST. VINCENT DE PAUL", Dublin Evening Post (18 June 1857), 3

... The fine band of the 50th Regiment, under the direction of Signor Gassner, was stationed in the orchestra and performed
a selection of popular valses and opera music ...

On Saturday the inst., thirteen bandmasters of the division, assembled at the 1st Brigade Office,
South Camp, at 3 in the afternoon, for the purpose of presenting to Major-General Lysons, C.B.,
a handsome illuminated address, executed by Messrs. Culleton, of London. Mr. Gassner,
as president of the committee of bandmasters, in presenting it to General Lysons, said: -
I am requested by my brother bandmasters present to you an address in which we express our acknowledgements
of the kindness which you manifested towards us all during the progress of the arrangements for the
late monster concert, and during the concert itself, and which, hope, that you will be pleased to accept.
The address was follows:- MONSTER MILITARY CONCERT HELD IN RIDING SCHOOL, EAST CAVALRY BARRACKS, ALDERSHOT,
On April 4th, 5th and 6th, 1872. At a general meeting of the bandmasters of the division, held on the 8th April, 1872,
it was unanimously carried that a letter should be forwarded to Major General D. Lysons, C.B., to express
how fully they recognised his unquestionably good judgment in directing the management of this concert,
undertaken on so large a scale, and his unusual knowledge of matters musical.
The bandmasters further desire to thank him for the impartial kindness, consideration, and support,
they at all times received from him while carrying out his wishes, and they would consider themselves
fortunate, under similar circumstances, should they have energetic a gentleman at their head
- Signed, Mr. Charles Cousins, 2nd Dragoon Guards; Mr. Vandenheuvel, 7th Hussars; Mr. A. Seume,
9th Lancers; Mr. Curry, 2nd batt. 4th; Mr. W. Allen, 2nd batt. 15th; Mr. J. Holt, 2nd batt. 17th;
Mr. C. J. Hurst, 2nd batt. 22nd; Mr. L. Werner, 27th Regiment; Mr. J. Bayley, 46th Regiment;
Mr. G. Gassner, 50th Regiment; Mr. Hecker, 82nd Regiment; Mr. W. T. Cole. 99th Regiment;
Mr. Walsh, 100th Regiment; Mr. C. Luschwitz, 102nd Regiment ...

[Advertisement], Bury Free Press (15 May 1880), 5

BOTANIC GARDENS, BURT ST. EDMUND'S. WHIT-MONDAY BANK HOLIDAY MAY 17th, 1880 ... By permission of Col. J. THOMPSON,
the splendid BAND of the 50th QUEEN OWN Regiment will be in attendance, under the direction of SIGNOR GIOVANNI GASSNER,
when a choice selection of Music, Vocal Choruses, &c., will be given ...

"THE 50TH (QUEEN'S OWN) REGIMENT", Essex Standard (19 July 1884), 10

Mr. G. Gassner, for 28 years the popular Bandmaster of this popular Regiment, and who is well known in Colchester,
where he was for several years quartered with the Regiment, having just resigned his appointment,
was entertained at a farewell mess dinner by Colonel Leach and the Officers at Camp Polymedia, Cyprus, on June 6.
In proposing Mr. Gassner's health on the occasion, Colonel Leach said, - Gentlemen, I rise to propose the health
of our esteemed and respected guest, Mr. Gassner, who I am deeply sorry to say is about to leave the old Regiment,
in which he has so well and ably served, and in which he has so wielded the baton of the Band for a period of
nearly twenty-eight years, in the most perfect manner, which we have all so thoroughly enjoyed and appreciated. (Applause.) ...
Perhaps some of you are not aware that Mr. Gassner served with distinction in the Crimea with Lord George Paulet,
and he is in possession of the medals granted for that campaign, viz.. Crimean and Turkish, together with the medal
for New Zealand. I should like to enlarge further on Mr. Gassner's merits, but you must take the will for the deed.
All that I will now say is, that whenever Mr. Gassner feels inclined to pay the Regiment a visit,
he will always be heartily welcome; and I am sure all will join me in wishing him long life and every happiness
in his retirement. The toast was received in a most enthusiastic manner, and Mr. Gassner made an appropriate response.
On a subsequent day (June 8), Mr. Gassner, who leaves behind him apiece of music entitled "Farewell,"
which he has specially composed and dedicated to Col. Leach and officers of "The Queen's Own,"
met the bandsmen in the practice room for the last time for the purpose of saying good-bye,
but before doing so he was presented by them with a cheque and a letter, in which they expressed their esteem,
and wished him, on his return to England, to procure an album, which they promised to fill with their photographs.

"AT HOME AT ADMIRALTY HOUSE", The Sydney Morning Herald (11 April 1896), 10

This band, which already numbers thirteen members, is making great
progress towards proficiency, under the able tuition of Mr. J. M. Gates, and in about two months more we may expect to have a brass band in the
town to enliven us, almost equal to that of our neighbours in West Maitland. Mr. Gates lately purchased from Mr. Paskins, of West Maitland,
three brass instruments, viz., a bombardone, a baritone, and a tenor horn. He speaks highly in favor of them as being of a first class
character, and were purchased at a low figure. We are glad to learn that such instruments can be obtained at Mr. Paskins', without the trouble
and expense of sending to England for them.

The Catholic Band favoured the public of Gympie with a treat on Saturday evening last, on Commissioner's Hill. Some excellent selections
particularly well-played, were given, and there was but one opinion expressed, that Bandmaster Gates must spare no time in securing
to his pupils such perfection as they have attained.

"LOCAL AND GENERAL NEWS", Gympie Times and Mary River Mining Gazette (16 August 1879), 3

We are pleased to hear that some of the old supporters of the Hibernian Band have communicated with Mr. Gates, the bandmaster,
and the Band has consented to play at Mr. Murray's, Commissioner's Hill, and at Mr. Cullinane's, Mary-street, alternately. The following
is the programme for this evening: - Part I. Grand March - Field Day - (Callan) [Callen] Quick Step Medley - (Gates) Grand Selection from Attila - (Verdi)
Cornet Solo by Mr. Gates - Koenig's Eclipse Polka Quadrille Christmas Echoes - (Godfrey) March - Love Not - (Glover) Part II. Selection from
Falstaff - (Balfe) Grand Waltz - Das Musikfest - (Jackson) March - Her bright smile haunts me still - (Ford) Polka - Kingfisher - (Coot)
Gallop - Excursion - (Montgomery). God Save the Queen.

"LOCAL AND GENERAL NEWS", Gympie Times and Mary River Mining Gazette (13 September 1879), 2

The Oddfellows Band will perform the following choice selections from off the balcony of the Commercial Hotel, this evening ....
The members of the Hibernian Band have, with very commendable spirit, decided upon giving the residents of the Monkland a
treat this evening, and will perform some selections opposite Mr. M. J. O'Brien's, Monkland Store. The performance is entitled
"an evening with Tom Moore," and the music for the occasion has been selected and principally arranged by Mr. Gates, bandmaster.
The following is the programme: - Quick Step - Steer my bark to Erin's Isle - Gates; Grand March - The Minstrel Boy - Riviere;
The Knight of St Patrick Lancers - Godfrey; Song - The Exile of Erin - Arranged by Gates; Parade Waltz - Molly Astore - Gates;
Quick March - Eily Mavourueen - Millor; Quadrille - Royal Irish - Jullien; Waltzes - Gems of Erin - Gates; Polka - The Holiday - Hare:
March - The Mulligan Guard - Jones; Troop - Kate Kearney - Gates; Quick Step - Garryowen - Gates. God save the Queen.

"Notes and News", Gympie Times and Mary River Mining Gazette (25 August 1898), 3

In consequence of information supplied by Dr. Ryan, Senior Sergeant Ferguson despatched three constables to the residence of
Mr. James Mortimer Gates on Tuesday last where they found the owner seriously ill and in a partially neglected state. He was
at once conveyed to the Hospital on a stretcher by the constables and a member of the Ambulance Brigade. He, however, only
lingered a very few hours, dying quietly early yesterday morning, the cause of death being cancer of the abdomen. The deceased,
who was 59 years of age, was for a long time known in connection with the Hibernian band, of which he was bandmaster for some years.
The funeral takes place to-day.

My thanks: To Helen English, of the University of Newcastle, July 2015, for correctly identifying J. M. Gates as James Mortimer Gates, and
for kindly allowing me to update this entry accordingly.

Thomas Gatland, 17, charged with stealing, on the 18th January, at Minster, in Sheppy,
in this county, one counterpane, of the value of ten shillings, the property of Mary Dove. - Transported ten years.

Dramatic Hall, Leigh-street. THIS Evening, Thursday February 14, will be presented a new Romantic Drama,
entitled THE VAMPIRE BRIDE, or WAKE NOT THE DEAD, in which a Lady Amateur will appear. A variety of singing and dancing.
A Solo on the Clarionette by Mr. Gatland. To conclude with a new Farce, called THE ORIGINAL. The Hall can be let for any respectable
meetings, lectures, concerts, &c, by application to Mr. Jacobs.

SIX GRAND PROMENADE CONCERTS, A LA JULIEN, At the Exchange, King William-street. Under the Direction of Mr. W. Wallace.
THE Second Concert will take place this evening, the 26th instant ... Solo, clarionette - Baermann - Mr. Gattland ...

This handsome steamer left the wharf yesterday, with a very large party, on a pleasure trip to New Norfolk.
On leaving her moorings, shortly after ten o'clock, the weather was most auspicious. Dancing commenced soon after starting, and was kept
up, without intermission, during the day, to the strains of Gatland's band. Refreshments of a delicate description and unlimited in quantity
were supplied: the prompt and assiduous attention to the wishes of the party exhibited by the captain and the spirited owner was the subject
of much comment and praise. The steamer returned about half-past six o'clock, and landed her passengers after spending a bright and joyous day.

[St. James's Cathedral] ... At that time the parsonage stood in "the parson's cabbage garden," on the other side of Little Collins street,
facing the cathedral, and the humble embowered cottage which we now see perched in the extreme south-west corner of the ground, and threatening to tumble into the lane,
stood where the parsonage now is. This modest weatherboard cottage has for the past 30 years been the official residence of the worthy verger, Mr. Thomas Gatland, whose
stately presence and rich melodious voice still lend the good old impressive tone to all the various rituals of the church. When required to shift to make room for
the parsonage, the cottage was bodily put upon rollers and moved all standing to its present site ...

GATLAND On the 26th April at the residence of his daughter, Mrs. A. A. Pratt,
"Viewforth," Whitehall-street, Footscray, Thomas Gatland, late of St. James's Cathedral, West Melbourne, aged 79 years.
For many years a member of Melbourne Deutsche Liedertafel, also Philharmonic Society, Melbourne.

In October 1829, a correspondent to the Australian begged to add to the paper's
own earlier critique of the Barnet Levey's concert, in which Gee and his
band provided the orchestra:

Instead of an Overture, Mr. Gee, who being a very young man for the situation, which he fills so much to his credit,
performed his Solo (or Air, varied on the clarionet) having the proper instruments accompanying with very considerable ability.
He properly subdued the tone of his instrument in the first place, which is no mean acquirement,
and in the next, all the difficult passages were performed with that precision of execution that marks the master,
and is creditable to him in the next degree to his style and tone, and the whole elicited the most decided approbation from all parts of the audience.
Next should have been mentioned the Quartett for clarionets, horn, and bassoon, in which Mr. Gee equally displayed his ability on his instrument,
and the second clarionet performed his part with a degree of skill highly creditable.
The horn had some very difficult passages, which were generally performed in a superior manner ...
The bassoon cannot be mentioned with too much praise; he is really a very superior player, whose quality of tone, and beautiful execution ...
Your criticism on Der Freischutz [overture], &c., was correct, and the performance of the instrumental music reflects the greatest credit on the band master,
to whose youth and ability this tribute is due ...

Again, in August 1839, the Australian published a piece of
celebratory verse, entitled "lines written, on hearing the 39th band, of
which Mr. Gee is the master, play the popular air of "Sweet Home", to the barrack yard, on Sunday evening, 15th Aug."

The band finally departed on 21 July 1832:

About four hundred of the 39th regiment embarked on Saturday morning.
They left the Barracks about six o'clock, and marched along Cumberland-street, the band playing the old air usual
on such occasions "the Girl I left behind me".
On their way they were cheered by some of the towns people, in reply to which they struck up Burns' "Farewell"
and proceeded round by the fort to the Dock Yard, from which the boats conveyed them to their respective ships.
The grenadier and light companies, with the staff and band, occupy the John, under the command of Colonel Lindesay.

Documentation:

[News], The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (19 September 1827), 2

NOTICE. - REDFORD CLISBY, in returning his sincere thanks to the public of South Australia for the liberal patronage
enjoyed by him for the last 17 years, begs to state that he has DISPOSED of his BUSINESS to Mr. G. H. EGREMONT GEE, whose stock will
be expressly selected by R. C. from London and the Continent; and respectfully requests a continuance of that patronage to his successor.

MR. G. H. EGREMONT-GEE, in reference to the above, requests the support of his friends and the public, and a
continuance of the favours accorded to his predecessor.

"THATCHER'S ADELAIDE SONGSTER", South Australian Register (3 January 1867), 2

A very successful entertainment took place at the Town Hall, Norwood, on Friday evening in aid of the funds of St. Bartholomew's
Church ... The programme included ... a song - "German Band" - by Mr. Maurice Egremont Gee, which was certainly one of the best of the
evening; it was sung in character and was loudly encored ...

"TOPICS OF THE DAY", The South Australian Advertiser (20 July 1867), 2

A musical and dramatic entertainment was given in the Temperance Hall, North Adelaide, on Friday evening, July 19, and was a
great success . . . the audience were delighted by the exquisite production of the comic song and dance - "The Cures," by Messrs. Morris, Gee,
and A. Diamond . . .

An adjourned meeting of the committee of the Institute was held on Friday, the 9th inst. . . A letter from Mr. G.
Egremont-Gee of Adelaide was read, asking permission to lithograph the Song of Australia, the copyright of which is the property of the Institute,
as there was an occasional demand for it. The Committee resolved that the Secretary should reply by offering to sell a limited number of copies,
now in their possession to Mr. Gee at 18s. per dozen.

"TOPICS OF THE DAY", The South Australian Advertiser (21 August 1867), 2

A grand soiree was given in the Town Hall, Norwood, on Tuesday evening, August 20, in aid of the Clayton Chapel Sunday
school . . . The programme was then commenced with the chorus "Peaceful shades," which was very well given by Messrs. Dyer, Jagoe,
Maurice Gee, and Diamond. A number of other songs, duets, and solos were also very creditably given by Messrs. Dyer, Jagoe, and
Gee, the most noticeable of which were the duet "Flow gentry, Deva," by Messrs. Dyer and Jagoe; solo, "Star of love," Mr. Dyer;
"The Flying Dutchman," by Mr. Jagoe; the well known comic song, the "German Band," Mr. M. Gee . . .

"TOPICS OF THE DAY", The South Australian Advertiser (21 September 1867), 2

We have received from Mr. Egremont-Gee a song just written and set to music - Welcome, Prince Alfred to Adelaide.
The air is simple, but pleasing, and the versification above the average. The printing is well executed, and the piece altogether deserving of patronage.

SOME time back we remarked that the visit of H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh appeared to have called into
existence a considerable amount of musical and poetical activity, some of the products of which we then reviewed. We
have received from the publisher, Mr. Egremont Gee, two other musical productions of a very superior order such as do credit not only to the composers,
but also to the colony. We allude to " The Galatea Polka" by Mr. Ellard, and the "Prince Alfred Waltz" by Mr G. Loder - both of which productions found
favour - not only with the colonists, but with that distinguished personage in honour of whose visit they were composed, they being the only two round dances
danced by His Royal Highness at the Subscrip-[3]-tion Ball. The Galatea Band also played them at the Governor's Ball. The polka is a somewhat elaborate
piece of composition, and is extremely pretty: a somewhat unusual effect is introduced in the middle of the polka in the shape of a chorus of welcome,
the accompaniment to which marks the polka time. The title page bears a lithographed sketch of the Galatea under steam and canvas, drawn by Colonel Biggs.
The waltz is also a very sweet and pretty composition, and wherever it is introduced will became a favourite, being quite worthy of the pen of so admittedly
able a musician as Mr. Loder. Both pieces are lithographed by Messrs. Penman and Galbraith, who have turned out very tasteful title pages; and the
music, though not so clear or large as the typographical impressions, is still very distinct. We can cordially recommend our musical readers to
purchase these pieces, as they will thereby make a valuable addition to their musical library as well as encourage "native industry."

"THE CHARGE OF EMBEZZLEMENT AGAINST GODFREY EGREMONT", The South Australian Advertiser (28 April 1886), 5

Mr. Maurice B. E. Gee, who died on July 5, at the age of 75, was born at Ackworth-Moor-Tap, Yorkshire, in 1847,
and came to South Australia with his parents in 1852. He led a very quiet and retired life. He was well known in
musical and dramatic circles a number of years ago in Adelaide, with the late Mr. Arthur Diamond and others. He was a
prominent member of St. David's Church, Burnside, and for the past fifteen years had been a member of the choir, missing only
five services in that time. Mr. Gee never married. Mr. L. C. E. Gee, of the Mines Department, is a brother.

"KENSINGTON - OLD AND NEW . . . From A. G. WELLS", The Register (22 May 1923), 4

As far back as 1855 there was an excellent day school at the corner of Beulah road, conducted by Mr.
W. Holdsworth, who had as many as 80 scholars . . . I attended St. Bartholomew's Sunday School, and was also a chorister for some years . . . The late Mr. Thomas
Gee was also a much-loved teacher. I can well remember most of the organists - Miss Jupp, Mrs. Powell, Messrs. Johns, H. H. Thomas (Union Bank),
Herberlet, and Alfred Hawker, who died at sea. Mr. Hawker was a very kind-hearted, young gentleman, and at that time held a position in the
Government offices. He took great interest in the private lives of his choristers, and had three special favourites, viz., the late Arthur Munt,
Maurice Gee, and myself . . .

PRINCE OF WALES OPERA HOUSE ... THE LAST WEEK BUT ONE OF THE CELEBRATED AND ORIGINAL CHRISTY'S MINSTRELS,
MONDAY, July 17th, THE LINCOLN GUN BOAT (by desire,) BURLESQUE HUTCHINSON FAMILY! BUSHRANGERS: OR, LIFE IN NEW SOUTH WALES To conclude with the Christy's
celebrated Burlesque on the Opera of LUCREZIA BORGIA. Introducing nearly all, and a great deal more, of the original music,
stolen expressly for this (per) version by Mr. G. J. Gee, assisted (on this occasion only) by that "rising young man from
the country" Donizetti, Esq.

The Macclesfield (Eng.) Courier and Herald, speaking of the late G. J. Gee,
a former resident of Sacramento, says: "Mr. Gee was born in Macclesfield, and his musical bent was developed at an early age. As a
young man he was organist at Bosley Church, and subsequently at St. Paul's Church, Macclesfield. He afterwards resolved to go further afield,
and in his traveling enterprises extended his experience in the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, visiting both China and Australia. He
afterwards studied at the Academy of Music at Stuttgart, under Professor Pruckner, pianist to the King of Wurtemberg, and obtained his
diploma. Settling down subsequently at San Francisco, he obtained a high reputation as a teacher and professor of music. He was organist at
Trinity Church, and held other distinguished appointments. His health beginning to fail, his American friends sent him to England in June,
1881 for the benefit of his native air, and after a nine month' sojourn with his friends he was so far improved as to be able to return and resume his duties.
The fell disease from which he was suffering, however, had made its insidious inroads. He came home again in February
of last year, and at first, during his sojourn it Pretsbury, there was a slight improvement; a relapse followed, and he gradually declined until
the end. Mr. Gee has a son by his first wife in San Francisco, and he leaves a widow and two children in Macclesfield.

Born Sydney, NSW, 1855
Died Linden, NSW, 4 September 1941, aged 86 years

GEHDE, Edward F.

Composer

Died 1917

GEHDE, Henry Thomas

Musician, piano tuner

Born Sydney, NSW, 1878
Died Sydney, NSW, 26 April 1922, aged 44

GEHDE, Nicholas J.

Musician, composer

Born Sydney, NSW, 1 July 1865
Died Sydney, NSW, 17 December 1923

Summary:

On Henry Marsh's departure from Sydney for San Francisco in 1874, Augustus Gehde took over his teaching practice. It was later reported that Augustus had
been a pupil of Charles Packer, who "took over" from him at the "age of 14" (which might have been around the time Packer was jailed for
bigamy), and having later spent some time training in Germany, he was appointed University Organist in 1886, and City Organist in 1901.
Nicholas and Edward were brothers of Augustus. August senior was a much-respected and long-serving senior employee at Palings.

Documentation:

"SHIPPING", South Australian Gazette and Mining Journal (19 December 1850), 2

The appointment of organist to St. John's
Church has been conferred on one of the best known musicians of Australia - Mr. Augustus
Gehde. Mr. Gehde is a gentleman of the highest musical ability and erudition. In early life
he was a pupil of Mr. Chas. Packer, and afterwards held the position of organist at St. Phillip's Church, Sydney, and
Christ Church (St. Leonards). He soon took rank as one of first artistes of the colony. To avail himself of the highest musical
culture, Mr. Gehde some time ago left for the home-land of modern music - Germany - where for five years he studied under
the first professors of Berlin. Returning to Sydney, he re-occupied his position of organist at Christ Church for a further
term of five years. He has since frequently appeared in the place of chief organist at the more important Masonic and University celebrations
and other quasi-public functions. It may be added that Mr. Gehde is not only an acknowledged authority and executant, but also a composer
of high ability; some of his published works being of exceptional merit.

Sixty Seven Years a Worker - Reminiscences of Gold-fever Days and Early Sydney.
THE GREAT MUSICAL ARTISTS. (FOR THE "SUNDAY TIMES")

Mr. August Gehde, whose score as the veteran of W. H. Paling and Co.'s
establishment, is "fifty not out," is a genial old gentleman upon whom age has stolen with
"Softly-cadenced feet,
Falling in music."
Born on September 29, 1828, Mr. Gehde still combines practical activities with
the pleasant habit of existence. In other words, the senior tuner answers the roll
call daily at Paling's, and walks smartly to his home in Crown-street with the consciousness
that, like "The Village Blacksmith," he has
- "Something done
To earn a night's repose."
When approached by a "Sunday Times" representative, Mr. Gehde said he had no
story to tell. But he melted under the influence of a little soft persuasion, and
opened the flood-gates of memory on being asked if he
REMEMBERED THE WRECK OF THE DUNBAR? "Well, I should think I do remember
that awful storm," he said. "It was in the year before I started with Paling and
Co. But I was what was called an old colonist then - not a new chum. I came
from Old Prussia, where I had served my apprenticeship to pianoforte making
in 1850. I wasn't in Sydney while the storm was raging. I was farming in the
Illawarra district at the time. I had all I wanted of the storm. The captain of
the Dunbar thought he was entering the Heads when he put the ship into the Gap.
Nothing else was talked of for weeks in the town and in the country. On October
25 in the same year the Catherine Adamson, from London, went down with twenty
victims near the Inner North Head. But for the wreck of the Dunbar I might never
have been associated with the late W. H. Paling in Sydney.

"You don't remember the old iron store in Wynyard Square? Well, I'll tell you something out of it.
Old Anthony Hordern had put up an Iron store near the spot where the barracks used to stand. There
were no other buildings there at that time, and the remains of THE OLD MILITARY BARRACKS
were being removed. That's how Barrack-street got its name. The iron building, which stood near the corner now
occupied by the Occidental Hotel, was used by Anthony Hordern as a sample
store. It was NEARLY BLOWN TO PIECES during the night the Dunbar was wrecked,
and lots of goods, including drapery, were destroyed. Mr. Hordern gave up the
store, and it was taken over on a lease by Mr. Paling, who had to go to a good
deal of expense to make the place suitable for storing pianos. The store had just
been opened in 1858 when Mr. Paling engaged me as salesman and tuner. I recollect the
number of that old iron store - it was 83 York-street. I joined Mr. Paling in 1858, and I am still serving
under the same flag."

Taking the hint that he had jumped a few years from the date of his arrival in
Australia, Mr. Gehde smiled as he put back the hands of the clock.
"Ah, I see," he said, "you want me to tell you how I came to leave my native
country. Well, it was while I was assisting my brother, a pianoforte maker, at Ratibor, near the Austrian boundary,
that I got the notion into my head of trying my luck in Australia. I had heard of a
WHOLE VILLAGE CLEARING OUT TO AUSTRALIA.
It was a religious sect, and included the parson. These Germans went to South Australia, and formed the township of
Hahndorf, which is still largely German. I became acquainted with a gentleman who showed me letters, that had come
from the little German colony in South Australia. I left my brother in 1850, and camo out in the German ship Australia. We were 99 days
covering the distance from Hamburg to Adelaide. I landed at Adelaide about Christmas time in 1850,
and after a stay of six months in South Australia I decided to see if the streets
of Sydney were paved with gold. Every one was talking about the gold discoveries
in 1851. Soon after I got to Sydney I picked up a mate, a German,
who had been a coalminer in Europe, and off we WENT TO THE DIGGINGS.
Men, women, and children had the gold fever after Edward Hammond Hargraves
found gold at Lewis Ponds Creek in February, 1851. Some nuggets and gold dust having been exhibited
in Sydney, a rush was made for the creek. Coach fares were doubled, and flour cost £30 a ton.
All the gold-seekers had to pay a license of 30s a month. In June, 1851, gold was discovered,
on the Turon. I went to the Turon with my mate. Large nuggets had been found by an aboriginal at Meroo or
Louisa Creek, Turon, on a station owned by a Mr. Kerr,
five miles from Bathurst, and twenty-nine miles from Mudgee, in
July, 1851. A little later the Brennan nugget, weighing 364oz.,
was found near the same spot. The number of gold licenses issued
in New South Wales in 1851 reached a total ot 13,000. At the Turon
8700 were issued; at the Ophir, 2100; at the Meroo and Louisa Creek, 1100; at
Araluen, 500; at the Abercrombie about 100.
TWO TONS OF GOLD were exported to England from Sydney in one month early in 1852. It was one shipment. During the same year £24,000
worth of gold was stolen from the ship Nelson, then lying in Hobson's Bay. So
you see there was plenty of gold about. I suppose you have hoard of the member of
Parliament who had his horse shod with golden shoes. The weight of each shoe
was about eight ounces. The prosperous gentleman's name was Cameron. He was
a storekeeper at the Woolshed, New Eldorado. Beyers',
Holtermann, and Krohmann were not among the gold-seekers
at the time that I went to the Turon.
But I remember the crew of a German ship who made a fortune. The men -
there were eight of them - had deserted, and they made enough
in a few months on the Turon to go back to Germany as
rich men. Those sailors were the first to mine underground on the
bank of a creek. When I arrived on the field with my
mate the diggers were camped about seven miles along the Turon.
Golden Point, I remember, was very rich. I think the place we
picked on was called Oakey Creek."

In reply to the question, "Did you strike it rich?" Mr. Gehde (as if with an
effort of memory) - said:- "I have told you that there was plenty of gold.
My luck must have been out. I got very little. You see, we worked under disadvantages.
I could not speak a single word of English, and my mate - well, he was worse than me.
Besides, my mate was always bossing me, and I made up my mind to clear out
when he wanted me to crawl under a huge rock or boulder and scrape for gold.
I didn't mind the scraping, but the rock looked as if it would fall or
roll over at any moment. As I had paid for the tent, the provisions, and the tools,
I did not care to risk my life while my mate looked on from a safe point of view
and gave orders. We had pitched our tent in the bed of a creek. The police
and others, as I afterwards found out, warned us of the danger, but as we could
not tell a word that was said, we remained in the the creek. I slipped away one day to
buy some things at Sofala. Soon after I left there was a heavy thunderstorm. The
creek rose suddenly in the night, and my mate just managed to save himself from
drowning. The tent and the tools were washed away. That CURED ME OF GOLD-MINING,
and I came to Sydney with what little money I had left. I made my mate a present
of the tent and tools - if he could find them.

"In Sydney," Mr. Gehde went on, "I
found a good friend in Mr. John Hagen, the father of Mr. Fred Hagen. My countryman was then a wood and ivory turner
in King-street between York and Clarence streets. Mr. Hagen spoke a little English.
He told me of the pianoforte shop of William Johnson in Pitt-street - afterwards Johnson and Emanuel.
I applied for work, and got it. Mr. Johnson, a very nice man, managed to understand me, and I stayed
at his place eighteen months. The shop was a few doors from King-street, near what is now Lawson's
Auction Rooms. Emanuel, the dentist, and Fisher, the bootmaker, wore in the adjoining Pitt-street shops. Fisher made
a big fortune, and died a very wealthy man. Through slackness of business at Johnson's I had to leave. I obtained
employment at Hurford Brothers, pianoforte importers, whoso shop in Castlereagh-street was on the site now occupied by
the Tivoli Theatre. Henry Hurford was a first-class tuner. There I worked four and a half years, and I married my dear
wife, who is still strong and well. With the cares of married life gathering round me, I thought I would
follow the advice of my wife's relations and try my hand at farming. The experiment on the Osborne Estate in the Illawarra
district was not a success, and I returned to Sydney with some useless experience - and no money. All my savings were swallowed up.
So that I had to MAKE A FRESH START in 1858. The large iron store in Wynyard Square, with W. H. Paling, Pianoforte and Music
warehouse painted on it was my ark of salvation."

With the cheerful look of a man who had got on to a straight and smooth road
after tramping through the bush, Mr. Gehde entered into a precise description of the old iron store and the
proprietor. "Mr. Paling, the founder of the firm, was not a German. The dear old gentleman, who had a big heart
to match his long beard, was a native of Rotterdam, Holland. When I met him first his beard was as black as a coal.
I am speaking of 1858. As a teacher of the violin and piano he had a good connection, including Government House. Mr. Paling
charged ten guineas a quarter for an hour's lesson, and six guineas for half an hour. I was placed in charge of the store.
There were two short iron posts with rings for horses outside the shop. The proprietor used to tie his horse to one of
the posts while he was teaching, or attending to business. No cheap pianos
were kept in stock. Erard, Broadwood, and other makers were sold at prices running from 80 guineas to 190 guineas. From
time to time MR. PALING PLAYED AT CONCERTS.
When the business grew too big for the iron store in Wynyard Square, premises were leased at the corner of Wynyard-street
and George-street. The next move was to the George-street portion of Prince Ogg and Co.'s, a little below the General Post
Office. When this property was sold Mr. Paling secured the present site, and afterwards purchased the land at the rear, on
which a massive block of buildings now stands. What are known as Paling's Buildings, including, the Safe Deposit, represent
an expenditure of £99,000.

"Visiting artists. Yes, I have heard them all, from Catherine Hayes, the
singer, to Katharine Goodson, the pianist. Catherine Hayes, as I suppose you know, sang here in 1854 and
1855. She was a frail, delicate woman, with a voice full of sweetness and sympathy. You would not think
she was a singer to look at her in the street. Yet such was the charm of her singing that
PEOPLE WENT MAD, while the concerts were being given at the Victorian Theatre in Pitt-street. The
dress circle seats and boxes were £1, and you had to pay ten shillings to get into
the crowded pit. No other singer was able to get the Catherine Hayes prices in Sydney and Melbourne until
Madame Melba gave her concerts at the Town Hall in 1902. At one of the Melba Sydney concerts in 1902 the takings
reached the record-breaking total of £2000. Miss Hayes never had a house like that. But there was ever so much
more excitement over Catherine Hayes in 1854 than there was over Madame Melba in 1902. More than once I saw and heard
all Pitt-street in an uproar while the Irish singer was the GODDESS OF THE HOUR.
There were processions in her honor, and goodness only knows what else. As a
matter of personal liking I must say that I preferred Madame Anna Bishop, who
came in 1856, and who paid us two other visits. Madame Bishop had a richer voice,
and there was more power and brilliance in the upper notes. I admired her very
much in opera."

When the conversation turned to the pianoforte and pianists, Mr. Gehde stroked
his chin as he delivered this judgment: "I liked Henri Ketten best of all. Even Paderewski did not move me
as Ketten moved me in 1880. Of course, you remember his playing at the old Masonic Hall in York-street and
at the Exhibition Building in Prince Alfred Park. Poor Ketten! How sad it was that he should have taken an
overdose of morphia. His light went out soon after his triumphs in Australia. You never hear anything now-a-days of M.
Boulanger, a brilliant pianist, who was a sort of glorified Henri Kowalski. Boulanger gave his concerts at
the Victoria Theatre. And no one speaks now of Signor Cesare Cutolo, who played a good deal in the style of Signor
de Beaupuis. Poor Cutolo, who had married a Sydney lady, Mrs. Heath, was killed by the fall of a spanker-boom on
the Alexandra while going to Melbourne in 1867 under a professional engagement.
The A.S.N. Company paid the widow £1500. Cutolo came to Sydney in 1860. What a lot of fine lady pianists we have
heard - Arabella Goddard, Olga Duboin, Madeline Schiller, Adela Verne, Miss De Lara, Madame Carreno, and Katharine
Goodson. Still, I think that Henri Ketten was the greatest pianist we have heard in this part of the world.

WANTS NO HOLIDAYS. Not once since he came to Australia in 1850 has Mr. Gehde smoked a pipe, cigar,
or cigarette, and he has not taken more than six months in holidays and sick leave at Paling's during the long period
of fifty years. "I can have as many holidays as I like," he said, "but I don't want them, so long as God gives me health
and strength. I like work, and I am sure I would not be a bit happy it I were to pass the days that are left to me in idleness.
At 81 I am considered good enough to be sent out tuning. I have my dear wife - my lady, I call her - and my family of five sons and
two daughters to keep me from thinking too much about myself and my years. I have been a worker over since I left
school at the age of fourteen, and I should not like to linger when I have ceased to be of use. It is my desire to work in
harness to the last.

Mr. Henry Thomas Gehde, son of the late Mr. August Gehde, died at his residence, Dover-road,
on Wednesday night. Mr. Gehde was 44 years of ago, and leaves a widow. He began work when a lad, 30 years ago at Paling and Co. Ltd,
George Street and rose to the head of the band and military instrument department. The funeral took place at the South Head Cemetery
yesterday afternoon, the service at the graveside being read by the Rev. F. H. Hordern. There was a large gathering of Masonic friends
present, the Masonic service being conducted by the Rev. C. N. Mell. The mourners present were Messrs. Augustus M. Gehde, William Andrew Gehde,
and Nicholas Gehde (brothers), Mr. and Mrs. Wilkins (brother-in-law and sister), Miss Lena Gehde (sister), Mr W. Dibley (managing director)
and Messrs H. C. Cutler and F. Passmore (director at Paling and Co) and a number of members of the staff. Mr Augustus Gehde, father of the
late Mr H. T. Gehde, who died in March of this year, at the age of 94, joined the firm of W. H. Paling and Co. in the year 1859, and only
ceased his activities in that establishment a little over a year ago.

Music-lovers will learn with regret of the death of Nicholas J. Gehde, who passed away
at Lewisham Hospital on Sunday, from heart trouble, at the age of 59 years. This well-known teacher, organist, singer,
and accompanist, was the son of Mr. August Gehde, who was for more than half a century in the employment of Messrs. W. H. Paling
and Co., Ltd., and only died last year at the age of 92. Mrs. Gehde, the mother of this musical family, followed quickly, and a little
before either of them Henry Gehde was called at the age of 40, a responsible employee in the Paling instrument department. The late
Mr. Nicholas Gehde leaves two brothers in the musical profession, and a sister, Mrs. Wilkinson. Mr. Gehde was widely known as an organist,
and at one time gave recitals at the Town Hall, where his "Storm Fantasia" was a popular number. As a teacher of singing his studio
produced Miss Elsie Peerless and Miss Mabel Batchelor, both amongst the leading sopranos of the city. He also organised popular concerts
at the Town Hall for a number of years, and in other directions justified the esteem in which he was held. He was, indeed, of genial
disposition, and made many friends. The funeral took place at the South Head Cemetery yesterday afternoon

"OLDEST CAR IN N.S.W. IS 1902 FORD", Murray Pioneer and Australian River Record (13 June 1924), 20

On Monday night a new Colonial play by the author of the Hibernian Father,
called the Currency Lass, was produced with considerable success at the Victoria Theatre, and was repeated the
following night. The incidents are commonplace enough, but when it is understood that the author originally intended the principal character
for a real, bona fide Currency Lass, the versatility of whose dramatic talents would have done ample justice to the part -
we need scarcely say we allude to Miss M. Jones - the general interest of the piece loses
none of its contemplated attractions. The dialogue is truly Colonial - rather too much so for our taste -
although the "Cabbage-tree hats" that crowded the pit and galleries on its first night of representation
testified their approbation of its merits, in their estimation, by clamorous applause ...

Death has taken from our midst another valuable and much respected citizen, Mr. Edward
Geoghegan, Town Clerk of Singleton, who expired at his residence, Bishopgate-street, on Monday afternoon. The deceased gentleman was an
old colonist, and was possessed of talents of no mean order. He had, when a young man, pursued his studies in medicine at the Paris
University, where he was successful in obtaining several degrees. Dr. Geoghegan was a forcible writer, and his long connection with the press
con- tributed in no small degree to develop his talents in that respect. The deceased gentleman had a great penchant for the stage, and many of
his old friends in Sydney will no doubt remember the subject of this notice appearing as a prominent amateur in many entertainments in that
city in days of yore. With this predilection for the "Legitimate" and his power over the pen, Dr. Geoghegan, as may be naturally expected,
was a dramatic author of no mean order, and his pen has contributed considerably to the scanty stock of genuine colonial dramatic
literature. For several years Dr. Geoghegan resided in Singleton, and upon the establishment of the municipality he obtained the appointment
of Town Clerk, which he has now held for a period of nearly three years. By the death of Dr. Geoghegan, the Municipal Council of Singleton will
lose a valuable and trustworthy officer; and those that had the honour of enjoying his friendship will be deprived of a warm-hearted and noble
companion. The deceased gentleman, who was upwards of fifty years old, had been suffering for a considerable time from disease of the heart,
combined with an asthmatic affection; but although it was generally known that the doctor was ill, the sudden announcement of his death took
many by surprise.

Works with songs:

The currency lass; or, My native girl (FP: Royal Victoria Theatre, Sydney, NSW, 27 May 1844; the first Australian comedy on a
local theme, a ballad opera with 14 songs and spoken dialogue by Edward Geoghegan)

Gay Lynch and Janette Pelosi, "Lost & found - reinstating playwright Edward Geoghegan (1813-1869) and his most controversial play, The Hibernian
Father (1844)", in Anders Ahlqvist and Pamela O'Neill (eds), Language and power in the Celtic world: papers from the seventh
Australian Conference of Celtic Studies, University of Sydney, September-October 2010 (Sydney: Celtic Studies Foundation,
University of Sydney, 2011), 181-203

Vespers: or, the evening office of the church, for use by the laity, especially for those who
frequent St. Ignatius' Church, Richmond, arranged by Professor Gerlach (Melbourne: Clarson, Massina & Co., [1870])

... At about nine o'clock Mr. Lang, the assiduous president of the institute, brought up
to the orchestra a band of some tea or a dozen Chinese, whose services he had enlisted in the good cause. It had been announced that Mr. Ah
Coon, the Government interpreter, would favor the company with songs in the Malay, Amoy, and Chin Choo dialects, but Mr. Ah Coon, it appears,
did not feel himself in sufficiently robust health to trust his reputation as a vocalist to the hazard of an attempt that evening,
confining himself to heralding to the audience the performances of his compatriots. With Chinese music and musical instruments our readers are
somewhat familiar, but we dare say they will not be sorry to have the comments of an explanatory paper handed to us on Saturday evening by the
president. From this we learn that Ge Sin played on the Kong-wai. The drums covered with buffalo skins were played by Ah Kow, and the gong by
Le Tak. The Chinese guitar, or moot-kem, a flat circular instrument with four strings, played on by means of a small piece of bone, was
manipulated by Lee-Sem. Wee-Pin played with bone the Sam-yen, a guitar like instrument of three strings, the sounding board being covered with
snake-skin. The pan-ewoo, a flat disc of wood for the purpose of keeping time, was beaten by sticks. The shap-ar, a small oblong piece of
hardwood six inches by three, was also used for marking time. Wee-Pin played the cymbals or cha, well known to dwellers in Ballarat East. Lee
Tak also played the gong or laur, "very effective", as Mr. Lang says,
"in producing loud music". Lee Yeng and Lee Chok played the tee-uh or tuk-tie, which produced sounds similar to the Scotch bagpipes, or Scotch
organ, as Ah Coon calls the instrument. As we have before stated, Mr. Ah Coon did not sing, but Lee Tak and Kong Wai did. The first sang in his
natural voice, and the second in falsetto; but, owing to the ponderousness of the accompaniment, neither could be heard. At the
conclusion of the songs, the party retired amidst the applause which courtesy, if not appreciation demanded.

On Thursday, the 27th instant, a public examination of this School was held by the Rev.
Dean Coffey, assisted by the Rev. J. M'Clennan ...It may not be amiss to observe that music forms a very important item in the studies of the
scholars of St. Patrick's school, a proof of which, we had the rare pleasure of enjoying on the evening of the examination. It was announced
that a concert would be given at 7 o'clock p.m., by a juvenile band of Negro performers ...Master Getson - the leader of the orchestra, playing
the accordeon; Master Malony, the violin; and his brother, accompanied by Master Griffin, playing the flutina; Master Corcoran, the
tambourine, and Master Doyle, "the bones". They played several Negro melodies with such good taste, and in such "regular Nigger style",
considering their age, and, as yet rather limited experience in such matters of comic deliniations, that they perfectly surprised us by their
jests and comicalities. The amusement was increased by some young vocalists, who charmed us by their sweet and unaffected singing. Mr.
Dunphy beautifully varied the amusements of the evening by exhibiting
the Magic Lantern - showing views picturesque, comical, and grotesque - at which the audience were much delighted. The entertainment wound up by
the band playing "God save the Queen", the company standing. Before the children departed to their respective abodes, Dean Coffey announced his
intention of giving them a tea party on the 15th August next, when they shall hold their next musical soiree. Such reunions and musical evenings
are well calculated to give an impetus to the desire for study, and at the same time they possess a refining tendency on the youthful mind,
which at certain intervals require a pleasant, instructive, and well directed relaxation. We have seldom passed a more pleasant evening, nor seen a school in the colony conducted with such care.

Giammona arrived in Melbourne with Ilma De Murska and her manager De Vivo in July 1875. According to the Argus in August:

Signor Giammona is a young man, an Italian, and a good flautist. He plays to an
audience accustomed to hear the best effects to be produced upon that instrument, and he wins their hearty approval because he has sensibility
in his mind as well as skill at his finger ends.

As well as the extant compositions listed below, a New Guinea waltz
and All-England Eleven galop were published by Allan and Co. in December 1876.

In 1881, Giammona was charged with assaulting the composer and reviewer, Alfred Moul, the author of
an unfavourable review of his recently published Mass. Moul had written:

The bald effect of [the] tenor, constantly doubling the soprano, and basses doing a like duty for the alto, is a serious fault
that would almost justify a wholesale condemnation of the entire composition, inasmuch as the pitiable lack of harmony that nearly every
where disfigures the choral episodes good effect is an impossibility ...

After several performances of the mass in late 1881 (including one in Dunedin, New Zealand) and early 1882,
Giammona sailed for Sydney in February 1882. He was still advertising as a teacher there in February 1885, but in July it was reported that he
was "now an inmate of the Licensed House for the Insane, Cook's River".
He died there in 1890. There were documented performances of his Mass during the following decade, but as late as 1899 the Hobart
Mercury still remembered him as "poor Giammona".

Giammona's Mass had been carefully rehearsed, and with a strong
well-drilled chorus, an orchestra of skilled musicians, and accomplished singers as soloists, it was no wonder that the performance, directed, as
it was, by the composer himself, was successful. Better music for a festival could hardly be selected outside the works of the immortal
German and Italian Mass writers, for it is music that delights the ear and fills the heart with a spirit of gladness. Herr Alpen, the organist
and choirmaster, was fortunate indeed in securing the services of such artists as Miss Marie St. Clair and Mr. John Bushelle, and it is
satisfactory to be able to state that both singers were in good voice and were more than usually effective. The Mass solos were sung by Miss
E. A. Moon, soprano; Miss St. Clair and Mrs. Banks, contralti; Mr. Frank Brewer, tenor; and Mr. Bushelle, bass. The solos and concerted numbers
were nearly all exceedingly well sung, and some of the choruses were grandly impressive, notably the finale of the "Agnus Dei" and the
orchestra played throughout as first rate musicians only could. Signor Giammona performed wonders with his baton, and kept singers and players
together from first to last. Herr Alpen did good duty at the organ; the orchestra was made up of the following : -
Mr. W. Rice, leader; Mr. Asoli, second violin; Mr. H. Rice, viola; Messrs. H. McMahon, and
Taylor, cornets; Signor Pagnotti, flute; Mr. S. Hodge and Mr. Schovel, clarionettes; Mr. White, contra bass; Mr. Menton, violoncello; and Mr.
Wolfe, tympani.

Signor Antonio Giammona, who came to Australia with Ilma di Murska,
has not very long survived "the Hungarian Nightingale." Signor Giammona was engaged as the tenor
of the Di Murska Concert Company, but lost his voice crossing the Atlantic from Liverpool, to New York.
The then took to the flute, which he played at the Australian concerts, and finally settled down in
Melbourne as a fashionable singing master. However, he lost nearly all his pupils just when his
fame as a teacher stood at the highest, owing to an assault case which was made public by Mr. Alfred Moule, then musical critic to the "Age,"
bringing the matter before the Police Court. Poor Giammona left Melbourne for Sydney, where he became demented, and, after years of
suffering, died the other day in the Parramatta Lunatic Asylum.

Giammona, the flautist, died lately in a Sydney madhouse. Once he was the "curled darling"
of Australia's capitals, but for years he has been a hopeless imbecile. The Italian consul at the court of Parkes saw to the unfortunate man's welfare.

... The programme consisted of sacred music and readings, and the major part
were compositions of Mr. J. G. Gibbs, all of an appropriate character, the argument embracing references to the forming of the Torrens Lake,
the drought, the distress of the Jews, the troubles of Shetland fishermen, in all of which matters South Australia lent charitable help
during the Mayor's term of office.

At the time of the June 1841 UK census, John Gibbs, 25, teacher of music, his wife Eliza, 35, and infant daughter (? Sophia) Eliza were living in Little Pierpont Row, in the parish of St. Mary Islington East.
They arrived in Sydney in October 1842 in a party of theatricals recruited in London by Joseph Wyatt for the Royal Victoria Theatre.
They made their first appearances there in November, Mrs. Gibbs on stage, and John as the new leader of the orchestra and musical director succeeding S. W. Wallace.

For a short period, in late 1850 and early 1851, Gibbs appears to have taken over the musical retail and publishing business of George Hudson, a colleague in the theatre orchestra.
In December 1850, from Hudson's address, he advertised as:

JUST PUBLISHED. The following Songs, as sung at Madame Francesca Allen's Grand Evening Concert, with unbounded applause.
The Irish Emigrant; They Say there is Some Distant Land, The Old Arm Chair, &c., 60 Sixty Polkas, 1s. each.; J. GIBBS &c CO., 377, Pitt-street.

However, he and Elizabeth Hudson advertised the end of their partnership in April 1851.
By July, Gibbs was trading from 89 Phillip-street, from where he published Woman's heart
(The celebrated romance, Sung by Miss Sara Flower, with the most enthusiastic applause, at the Royal Victoria Theatre,
in the opera of The Enchantress composed by M. W. Balfe),
the last that is heard of this venture.

DISAMBIGUATION: Eliza Gibbs's name is sometime given as "Louisa" (Gyger 1999), evidently a confusion with "Madame Louise".
Eliza is not to be confused with her more famous London theatrical near contemporary, Margaretta Graddon (b. c.1804) (Mrs. Alexander Gibbs), also a vocalist

ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. The Public is respectfully informed that the following Ladies and Gentlemen, from the London Theatres, having arrived, they will
shortly make their appearance at this Theatre in the course of the Entertainments now under preparation:
MADAME LOUISE, MADAME TORNING, MRS. GIBBES, MR. TORNING ANDREWS, MR. J. B. JAMES, AND MR. GIBBES, Leader of the Orchestra and Musical Director.

The elections occupy so much of our time, that we have not much space to bestow on the now performers, ex TRIAL . . .
The party who merits our especial notice is Mr. Gibbes, who appeared on tho above evening as our thoatrical conductor and leader.
He more than answers our expectations. To those who are unacquainted with the arduous duties of a leader,
it may not be improper to observe, that in an orchestra he takes the principal violin,
and is so stationed that he may not only see every performer about him, but also be seen by the whole band;
that he may communicate to them the time and style of the various movemonts they may have to perform.
It is to him that the whole band must look for direction in the execution of the music,
and it is on his watchful eye, his steadiness, skill and judgment, and the attention of the performers to his motion,
manner, and expression, that the concinuity, truth, and effect do in a great measure depend.
Mr. Gibbes seems to have a just sense of the importance of his situation in the orchestra, and of the high responsibility it involves.
He seems free from the vain desire of drawing the attention of the house, by descending to the grave notes of the silver string,
and then running divisions upon the shift of the E string, by way of clap-trap.
On the contrary, he appeared quiet and humble, though firm and masterly in his manner of leading aiid conducting the orchestra.
He was all eyes and ears. He took up all the leading points, marked the accented notes with true force,
yet free from those horrible cork cutting scrapings which set ones teeth grinding;
and he gave all the lights and shades of the crescendo and diminuendo with so much clearness and effect,
that anyone in the orchestra disposed to retard the time, or inclined to gallop on a bar or two in advance of others,
had not the slightest chance of indulging in such vagaries.
Mr. Gibbes would not have it at any prico; in fact he is a perfect leader.
We know not what his pretensions may be as a solo performer, nor is it a matter for our present consideration.
We looked for a leader in Mr. Gibbes, and in every sense of the word we have found one; and we heartily congratulate him on his success . . .

On Thursday evening, the musical drama of Paul and Virginia was performed at the Victoria, for the first time.
The music of this piece is by Reeve and Mazzinghi, and has more of prettiness than of grandeur or depth.
Both the singing and the acting were, however, comparatively good, and the audience appeared to be much pleased with the performance Mrs. Gibbs made her first appearance,
in the character of Paul, to which the principal airs are alloted.
She is, undoubtedly, a great acquisition to the vocal strength of the colony, as well as to the Sydney stage.
She has a voice of considerable power, and of fine quality, particularly in the lower notes; and what is of the greatest importance, she is full of feeling.
This great quality thrown into the not otherwise very striking air "the wealth of the cottage is love" produced a hearty encore.
The merits are somewhat diminished by a slight defect in her utterance; but, on the whole, we must pronounce her, by comparison, a star in our musical world.
Mesdames Torning (in the character of Virginia) and Louise (in the character of the runaway slave) performed their characters exceedingly well.
The instrumental performances on this occasion were defective, perhaps from certain vacancies in the orchestra,
but as Mr. Gibbs does his work con amore, we expect to see a rapid improvement in this department.

Mrs. J. GIBBS respectfully begs leave to announce to the inhabitants of Sydney and the surrounding neighbourhood, that she will be happy to give
lessons on the Pianoforte and Singing, upon those principles which have recently given such entire satisfaction in London, Edinburgh, Dundee, &c.
The Violin taught, and Quadrille Bands provided, by Mr. J. Gibbs, late member of the orchestra of the celebrated Musard. Address, No. 2, Park-Street East.

On Thursday the boxes were unusually brilliant, whilst the house was well attended in every part to
witness a repetition of DER FREISCHUTZ, which, so far from being on the wane, seems to acquire fresh attraction from
each successful performance ... on Thursday, [saw] an apology for Mrs. Carandini, and the assumption of Rose by Mrs. Gibbs, a
part which she played with the skill of a proficient actress and the ability of an accomplished musician. We are not of
those critics who seek to undervalue this lady's merits, because of the trifling lisp which some insist mars all her efforts.
Our ears are as sensitive of discord as those of most folks and we do not detect any such jarring element in Mrs. Gibbs' vocality ...
It has been an unfair and cruel practice to underrate the good services of Mrs. Gibbs, but we could easily prove that not one performer,
male or female, in the Southern Hemisphere, has ever had her opportunities,
or filled the characters which she has repeatedly and successfully sustained in the great National Theatres of mighty
London, and were she to secede from the boards of the Victoria her loss would be "Not loud but deep".

DIED, Of paralysis, on the 15th December, 1851, aged 73, at the residence of her son, Mr. Benjamin Gibbs, Mary-street, Hampstead Road, Middlesex,
Mrs. Anne Gibbs, relict of the late Mr. Richard Gibbs, of High Holborn, and mother of John Gibbs, Professor of Music of this city.

A benefit concert was given at the Temperance Hall, on the evening of the 5th instant, in the interest of Mrs. Gibbs, an old and favourite member of
the dramatic profession, long been incapacitated by illness.
It was very numerously attended and well supported by members of the musical and theatrical professions.

Burials in the parish of Camperdown, in the county of Cumberland, in the year 1866

To Parties Furnishing, Dealers, and others. MB. H. VAUGHAN has received instructions from Mr. John Gibbs to sell by
auction, on TUESDAY, 24th instant, at 11 o'clock, on the premises, No. 99, Dowling-street,
Household furniture, kitchen utensils, and effects.

We regret to mention the death of Mr. John Gibbs, who has been well known among musical circles in this colony since the year 1841.
The older residents of Sydney will remember him as the leader of the orchestra in the Victoria and Prince of Wales theatres in days gone by.
During the last few years he has not been prominently before the public, having devoted himself principally to teaching.
His death will be regretted by a large circle of friends and pupils.

... considerably more than "25 years ago" English operas and English rendering of foreign
operas wore performed by the "stock company" of the old Vic, under the leadership of that old enthusiast, the late Mr. John Gibbs, two evenings
in each week, and I do not hesitate to say that such operas as "Norma", "Lucia", "Sonnambula", "Der Freischütz",
"Bohemian Girl", "Enchantress", "Daughter of St. Mark", "Maid of Honor", "Maritana", "Siege of Rochelle", "Mountain Sylph",
"Night Dancers", &c., and many musical plays, were much better and more completely represented in Sydney in those days than in any Provincial city in England.

Documented musical works (by John Gibbs; none survive):

A new Set of Irish quadrilles (composed for this occasion, introducing the airs of Captain Casey, St. Patrick Was a Gentleman, and Morgiana in Ireland, &c. &c.)

The lord of the manor (the comic opera ... the whole of the music arranged and partly composed by Mr. Gibbs; including
"Hark! Hark! the merry peal" (Duet) and "Our sex is capricious" (song), both "composed by Mr. Gibbs")

NOTICE. - The PARTNERSHIP previously existing between JOSEPH T. GIBBS,
ALFRED MASSINA, JOSEPH T. SHALLARD and WILLIAM CLARSON, under the style and firm of Clarson, Shallard & Co., Printers, Melbourne and Sydney,
was DISSOLVED on the 23rd day of NOVEMBER, 1863, so far as regards the said Joseph T. Shallard and William Clarson.
(Signed) JOSEPH T. GIBBS. ALFRED MASSINA. JOSEPH T. SHALLARD. WILLIAM CLARSON. Witness - James M'Kean.
The business will be carried on as before, by consent, under the style and firm of Clarson, Shallard & Co., by the undersigned, by whom also
all debts will be received and all accounts paid. ALFRED MASSINA. JOSEPH. T. GIBBS.
85 Bourke street, Melbourne; 207 Pitt street, Sydney.

"NOTICE OF DISSOLUTION", New South Wales Government Gazette (19 March 1869), 725

NOTICE OF DISSOLUTION. THE Partnership hitherto existing between the undersigned,
carrying on business as Printers and Publishers, in Melbourne and Sydney, has this day been dissolved by mutual
consent. WILLIAM CLARSON. ALFRED MASSINA. (Clarson, Massina, & Co., Melbourne.)
JOSEPH T. B. GIBBS. JOSEPH T. SHALLARD. (Gribbs, Shallard, & Co., Sydney.)
The business in Melbourne will be conducted as heretofore, by the said William Clarson and Alfred Massina, under the
old style of " Clarson, Massina, & Co.," who will pay accounts owing and receive moneys due. The business in Sydney will be conducted as heretofore.by
the said Joseph Gibbs and Joseph T. Shallard, under the old style of " Gibbs, Shallard, & Co.," who will pay accounts owing
and receive moneys due. February 24th, 1869.

"NOTICE", New South Wales Government Gazette (10 September 1878), 3658

NOTICE is hereby given, that the partnership hitherto existing between the undersigned, Joseph Thomas Burton Gibbs and Joseph Thomas
Shallard of Pitt-street, Sydney, carrying on business as printers and publishers under the style or firm of " Gibbs, Shallard, & Co.,"
has this day been dissolved, the said Joseph Thomas Shallard retiring from the said business, which will be carried on by the said
Joseph Thomas Burton Gibbs on his own account, but under the same style of "Gibbs, Shallard, & Co." ...

THE BAVARIAN BAND IN RETURNING THANKS for the very liberal support they have received since
and during their short sojourn in Launceston, beg to inform the inhabitants, generally that they have returned from Hobarton, and will
remain in Launceston during the winter. They will be happy to attend Quadrille and Evening Parties, and devote their best energies to the
amusement of the town generally. This band may be known by their uniform, blue and silver. All commands to be left with Mr. G. Shipley,
Wellington-street. PETER GILCHER, Leader.

Yesterday the members of the Beechworth Baptist Congregation assembled in their temporary church, Upper Ford street,
to celebrate its inauguration and to welcome the arrival of the Rev. Mr Brightwell. The tables were most liberally provided, and after ample justice had been
done to the good things the company adjourned to the Wesleyan Schoolroom, where suitable addresses were delivered.
One very pleasing feature in the evening's proceedings was the singing by the Tonic Sol Fa Association which was really a rich musical treat; in fact those present
were taken by surprise at hearing the great proficiency which the vocalists had arrived at, and it reflects much credit upon Mr. Gillan, by whom the Association was established ...

The members of the Beechworth Tonic Sol Fa Association gave their first public concert at the Town Hall on Tuesday evening last,
with a result that must have been equally as gratifying to themselves, as it was pleasing to the audience, who assembled in number sufficient to fill the greater portion
of the building. In common with all present we were most agreeably surprised at finding the high state of efficiency to which the vocalists had attained.
The entertainment was a genuine treat, and the performers were rewarded with a unanimous round of applause, as each successive piece rendered testified to the musical talent they evinced.
His Honor Judge Cope presided on the occasion. As a mark of respect towards Mr. John Gillan who originated the Association,
and has unweariedly and perseveringly laboured as its instructor, the members begged his acceptance of a purse of sovereigns which that gentleman,
evidently much affected, received in the kindly spirit in which it was offered. We are glad to find that this really delightful means of amusement has taken such deep root in our midst,
and hope the Association will go on and prosper as successfully as we wish them.

We have received the report of the above institution for 1894.
The college has been very successful, 27 out of 28 pupils sent up the to University Examination in music passed . . .
Of the two scholarships awarded we find that Miss Lulu Gillespie, of Whyte-Yarcowie, takes one in the senior student vocal division.
This young lady is a most promising vocalist, her finished rendering of the song "Rejoice greatly," from the Messiah,
being one of the features of the students' annual concert on November 27 last.

Miss Lulu Gillespie (Mrs. Albert Fairbairn), the young South Australian soprano, who is about to proceed to Europe to
further her vocal studies, was born at the Burra in 1877. At an early age she indicated the possession of musical talent,
and began to sing almost as soon as she could talk. Her first public appearance was made at the tender age of six,
when she sang at a little concert in Whyte-Yarcowie. In her early 'teens Miss Gillespie came to Adelaide to continue her general education,
and for some time was a pupil of Miss Schroder, Norwood, and, later, of the Misses Thornber, at Unley.
At the former establishment she studied the piano under Miss Malin, and at the latter she became the chief soloist of the singing
class conducted by Mr. J. J. Stevens. It was with this class that she made her first important appearance in Adelaide,
the occasion being the annual concert of the school given art Albert Hall in December, 1892, when she sang the soprano solos
in the cantata, "Orpheus and Eurydice." The same year Miss Gillespie entered the Adelaide College of Music as a pianoforte student,
and for twelve months took lessons from Mr. G. Vollmar. Her pianoforte studies were afterwards directed by Mr. G. Reimann,
under whom she made great progress. In the last term of 1893 she entered upon the serious study of singing, her teacher being Mr. Noessel,
who was then the principal master of this department in the College of Music. At the end of the year Mr. Noessel's engagement with
the College came to a conclusion, and his position was filled by Mr. Albert Fairbairn, who is responsible for the remainder of the
vocal training that Miss Gillespie has received up to the present time. Nine months after commencing the study of singing
at the College of Music the young soprano won the singing scholarship, her test piece being "Rejoice greatly" from the "Messiah."
With the exception of one production Miss Gillespie has been the prima donna in all the operas staged by the Fairbairn
Operatic Society. The characters which she has sustained are the Plaintiff in "Trial by Jury," title role in "Patience,"
Bettina in "La Mascotte," and the name part of "Girofle-Girofla."
With Madame Albani she sang the second soprano in the concerted music of "Elijah",
when given at the Exhibition Building, in March, 1898, and for the past two or three years has been a familiar figure at the best local concerts.

"MR. AND MRS. FAIRBAIRN", South Australian Register (28 March 1900), 6

We acknowledge receipt of the Annotated Programme of the three concerts to be given by
Mr. Joseph Gillott in the Masonic hall ...For the right enjoyment of a first-class concert of instrumental music a well annotated programme is
becoming more and more a rigorous requirement. That which the morning journals do after the event is here achieved while the entertainment is
in progress, or even before it commences, to the enlightenment and gratification of the reader, whether or no he be present at the
performance. The book under notice contains 75 quarto pages of well printed matter, and may be purchased at a very small cost at the
principal music vendors in this city. It is of more than passing interest in connection with the concerts about to be given, because it
may be studied with profit to the average reader whenever the quality of the musical works of which it treats shall be called in question. It is
written by a thoroughly appreciative artist, in lucid and agreeable style, and contains "Hints aesthetical and technical for the practice
and performance of the various works for the use of pianoforte students". Mr. Gillott calls his annotations "analytical, critical,
biographical, descriptive, narrative, and imaginative", and our own perusal of the brochure confirms the statement. The musicians treated in
this comprehensive manner are Rubinstein, Bach, Chopin, Volkmann, Grieg, Weber, Liszt, Dvorak, Beethoven, Schumann, Moskowski, Rheinberger,
Mozart, Gounod, and Xaver Scharwenka. The author's own name appears amongst the composers, but he does not criticise his own work. We can
recommend these annotated programmes as being of permanent value.

Mr. Joseph Gillott's three concerts: annotated programmes, with hints aesthetical and technical, for the practice and performance of the various works, for the use of pianoforte students") (Melbourne: Stillwell and Co., [1887])

On Monday week Messrs. Fearn and Littler, jewellers, in the Strand, were swindled out of a lever
escapement gold watch, and a double bottomed engine turned fold watch under the following ingenious, but daring contrivance: - On the Saturday
preceding the execution of the plan, a young Frenchman, of dashing appearance and pleasing address, went to Messrs. Fearn and Littler's shop, and
requested, through the medium of an interpreter, by whom he was accompanied, to be shewn some silver forks and spoons. Several patterns
were immediately exhibited, some of which fixed his attention, and he went away, promising to call on the Monday following, and give an
order for the number he wanted. On the Monday he was punctual to his appointment; he came, but was attended by a new interpreter. The spoons
and forks were again called for, and again produced, when, after an apparent difficulty in making his choice, he selected a dozen of each,
which he desired to be put aside. He then chose a plated tea-pot, ewer, and other articles, of which he desired a bill to be made out. He next
asked to see a handsome gold chain and seal. An elegant assortment was presented to his view, and, in a short time, he fixed upon a chain
and seal of the most expensive description. His enquiries were then directed to the price of some gold watches, hanging in the window. Two
were instantly handed forth, but they, were both so desirable in their appearance, that he did not know which to choose. He appealed to Mr.
Littler, and asked him which he would recommend. Mr. Littler answered that they were both equally good. He then requested to know if there
was any objection to sending them up to his lodgings in Frith-street, Soho, in order that they might be shewn to a friend of his,
upon whose judgment he could rely. There was not the slightest objection; upon which he directed that the silver and other articles,
and the account, together with the watches, chain, and seal, might be sent by twelve o'clock, as his friend might be out; after which he
took his departure. A shopman was soon afterward sent to the appointed place, and was shewn into an elegant drawing-room, where the
Gallic customer and his interpreter were seated. It was now half past twelve and Mr. Francois Girard (the name by which he described himself) appeared
very much vexed at the delay which had taken place beyond the time appointed; but desired that he might be allowed to take the watches into
another room, to shew to his friend. The shopman, not having the slightest suspicion of deceit, consented to part with the watches,
and took his seat in the same room with the interpreter. Mr. Girard had not long retired, when a messenger from the lady of the house,
requested the shopman to join her in another room. He obeyed the summons, and on being introduced to the lady, was asked whether he knew
anything of Mr. Girard. He answered in the negative, and expressed some surprise at the inquiry; when the lady said that she was equally
ignorant of his character, as he had only come to her house on the Saturday preceding, and had introduced himself by presenting a card from
Messrs Howes, Hall, and Co silk merchants, in Fleet-street. She concluded by intimating a hope that he had not got any property belonging
to the shopman's employers, as he had just gone out in a hurry. The shopman, in great alarm, answered that he had got two gold watches,
and instantly returned to the drawing room, suspecting the interpreter had gone off with the remainder of the property. To his satisfaction,
however, he found both the interpreter and the other articles safe. On interrogating the interpreter, that gentleman professed himself
to be as ignorant of who Mr. Girard was as the landlady, having only seen him that morning for the first time. Every inquiry has since been
made for the accomplished thief, but without success. His passport was found at the alien office, and he is there well known; but this is
all the discovery that has been made, save from a communication with his first interpreter, who had accompanied him to a vast number of
shops in a way similar to his visit at Messrs. Fearn and Littler's, no doubt preparatory to a more extended system of depredation. He obtained
the address of his landlady in Frith-street, by accidentally mentioning that he was on want of lodgings in the shop of Messrs Howes and Co.,
to whom she was personally known. He had previously lodged with a grocer in Piccadilly, and professed not to be able to speak a word of
English. His description has been lodged at the house of the French ambassador, and there is every probability that he cannot long escape detection.

331. FRANCOIS GERARD was indicted for stealing, on the 13th of September, in the 60th year of our Lord the King,
two watches, value 40 l. , the goods of John George Fearn and Joseph Littler. COURT. The 60th year of the King has
not arrived, therefore this indictment is not good. NOT GUILTY. First Middlesex Jury (Half Foreigners), before Mr. Recorder.

FRANCOIS GERARD, Theft, grand larceny, 17th February 1820.
443. FRANCOIS GERARD was indicted for stealing, on the 13th of September, two watches, value 40 l. , the goods of John George Fearn and Joseph Litteler.
For the Prosecution, MR. DOWLING.

JAMES CHANDLER. I am in the employ of Messrs. John George Fearn and Joseph Litteler, who are jewellers, and live
in the Strand. On Saturday, the 11th of September, the prisoner came to the shop with an interpreter, and desired to see some
spoons and forks, and two gold watches; he said he would not decide on them; I saw him again on Monday with a fresh interpreter,
when he desired to see the spoons and forks he had seen on Saturday; he fixed on them, and desired to see some plated goods,
saying he was going to housekeeping, and could not afford silver. He ordered a sugar-bason, milk-pot, and a gold watch, chain,
seal, and key, in all they came to 54 l. He then asked to see some gold watches, and I produced the two he had seen; he said he
did not understand watches, but if I would send them to his lodgings, No. 6, Frith-street, he had a friend there, and he would
determine which he would take. I took them myself in about an hour, and saw him with the interpreter; I put them on the table. He
asked, through the interpreter, if I would allow him to take the watches to a friend in the next room? I said,
"Certainly," and gave them to him. As soon as he left the room the interpreter asked me if I knew him? I said No - he never
returned. I inquired, and found he had escaped out of the house; I did not see him again until the 2d of December, when I
apprehended him at Bath. I found one watch in pledge at Bath, and saw the other at Bow-street; I should not have parted
with them without the money. He had ordered the spoons and forks to be engraved.

THOMAS BROWN. On the 13th of September I was shopman to Mr. Chasseroe, who is a pawnbroker, and lives
in Marylebone-street. The prisoner pledged a gold watch with me between two and three o'clock in the afternoon, in the name of Delisle.
(Property produced and sworn to.)

WILLIAM LEE. I am a Bow-street officer. On the 2d of December I apprehended the prisoner at Bath,
where he lodged in a garret by the name of Captain Delisle, and brought him to town. When we were at Reading he asked leave
to get of the coach, and immediately ran away, but I secured him.

Prisoner's Defence. I agreed to buy the watches on credit. When I left the room I received a letter
from a friend, who I expected some money from, and was obliged to set off for Bristol. I did not think proper to write to
the prosecutor till I could pay him.

GUILTY. Aged 26.

Transported for Seven Years .

Second Middlesex Jury, before Mr. Common Sergeant.

[Advertisement], The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (28 October 1821), 2

FRENCH LANGUAGE AND DANCING. - M. GIRARD, of Paris, presenting Compliments to the
Families of Sydney, most respectfully informs them that he gives Instruction in his native language, and also
in quadrilles, waltzes, &c. All kind of elegant dances, at Mr. Nott's Academy, 44, Castlereagh street; and
those Families, who desire it, may be waited on at their own houses.

[Advertisement], The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (2 December 1820), 4

F. GIRARD, lately from Paris, No. 75, Pitt-street, begs most respectfully to offer his Services to the
Ladies and Gentlemen of the Colony, as Teacher of the FRENCH LANGUAGE grammatically; also, Waltzes, Quadrilles, &c. All
kinds of elegant Dances, the same as now taught at Paris - F. G. will either receive Pupils at his Residence, or attend such as may
wish it at theirs. N. B. - Lewis Chambaud's French and English Dictionary, in 4 vols, for sale. This valuable work is too well
known to require any comment.

[Advertisement], The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (20 January 1821), 4

FRENCH LANGUAGE AND DANCING. QUADRILLES, COUNTRY DANCES, WALTZES, &c. TAUGHT AT No 4, MACQUARIE.STREET.
MONSIEUR GIRARD, in presenting his sincere Thanks to the Public for the very liberal Encouragement which he has uniformly
experienced, begs to suggest the Advantage which Ladies and Gentlemen would derive, by being finished a few Days
previous to any Ball, with select Quadrilles, &c. in exercising which Mistakes would be effectually prevented.
As M. G. has a thorough knowledge of the Manner in which French and English Balls are conducted, he respectfully offers
his Services for this Purpose, and will undertake to conduct them in the finest Style. N.B.- As many Ladies and Gentlemen, who are
somewhat advanced in life, may have, from a variety of causes, neglected to acquire a proper Knowledge of Dancing, M. G. would
undertake to teach, in three months, so that they might appear in the Ball-room with perfect grace.

[Advertisement], The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (21 April 1825), 4

A NEW PLAN. FOR the Convenience and Comfort of the Ladies and Gentlemen of Sydney. M. GIRARD
requests to announce to the Gentry that from and after Monday next, he intends to OPEN a COFFEE ROOM, à la Françoise,
where Pastry and Refreshments of any kind will he obtained. In order to secure the ready and entire Patronage of the ladies and
Gentlemen of Sydney Mr. G will spare no Pains to render his Coffee Room a Place of fashionable Resort. Sept. 12, 1826.

MR. GIRARD's fine mill, adjoining Barker's, is nearly completed. The two mills are very similar in appearance.
What with Mr. M'Leay's improvements, the mills, and two or three contemplated buildings by several gentlemen who have received
allotments there, Woolloomoolloo Point will soon loose its primitive appearance.

"St. Patrick's Day", The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (19 March 1828), 3

A numerous party assembled on Monday evening last, at Mr Girard's (the late Sydney Hotel) to celebrate
the festival of St. Patrick, by indulging in the pleasures of a good dinner, and a social glass. Mr. Arthur Hill officiated as President on the
occasion, and Mr. Samuel Clayton, as Vice . . . The utmost harmony prevailed to an advanced hour of the evening, when the party separated.

"Deaths", The Armidale Express and New England General Advertiser (19 November 1859), 2

Elizabeth Gittins was governess in the family of
Isabel Throsby Osborne (1841-1901), at Throsby Park, Moss Vale, from the mid 1880s
and into the early 20th century

An owner bound album of sheet music, bearing the name "Miss Gittins", its contents dating from c. 1852-60, remained in the possession of the Throsby-Osborne
family at Throsby Park, and, along with the rest of the Throsby music albums, is now in the collection of Sydney Living Musuems.

Of the contents, 17 of the 33 titles are Sydney editions by the publishers Woolcott and Clarke, Henry Marsh, and J. R. Clarke.

See also Isabel Throsby's album, the contents of which were collected around the same time and slightly later.

We regret to record the death of Mr. W. H. Glen, founder of and senior partner in the business of Messrs. W. H. Glen and Co.,
music publishers, of Collins-street, which occurred early on Saturday morning. For over 30 years Mr. Glen was a familiar figure
in the city, and he was highly esteemed by all with whom he was brought into relation.
The deceased gentleman was born in Edinburgh, and carne to Melbourne in 1853 under engagement to the firm of Messrs. Joseph
Wilkie and Co., the predecessors of Messrs. Allan and Co. Five years later he began business for himself as a music-seller in
Bourke-street, and in 1861 was obliged to move to larger premises in Swanston-street. A few years later another change was made,
this time to a shop in Collins-street, now occupied by the Kalzoic Company. An opportunity of purchasing the valuable
site upon which the firm's present premises are built occurred in 1870, and Mr. Glen resolved to erect an establishment which
should he equal to anything of its kind in Australia. The result was the handsome Gothic structure in which the business has
since been accommodated. The price paid for the land, which had a frontage of about 36ft., was the highest given up to that time
for land in Collins-street, namely, £30,000. From time to time Mr. Glen acquired other valuable city and suburban properties.
He at one time owned an extensive area in the most picturesque part of Hawthorn, extending from Riverdale-road right down to Gardiner's Creek,
the greater part of which has since been sold. The fine mansion in Glenferrie-road known as Hawthorn Glen, at present occupied by the Mayor of Melbourne,
was built by Mr. Glen, and two or three years ago he purchased the estate at Toorak of the late Mr. Thomas Baillie.
Mr. Glen took a warm interest in matters affecting the musical profession, and during his many visits to England was instrumental in persuading some
leading artists to visit Australia, notably Madame Arabella Goddard, who was here about 20 years ago. He was one of the promoters of the Victorian
Orchestra, and was a trustee of the Society of Musicians of Australasia. Mr. Glen, who was 66 years of age, had an attack of influenza some four months ago,
and his lungs becoming affected he gradually became worse, and died as stated. He leaves a widow, but no children. The funeral will take place this afternoon,
leaving Dalmeny, Heyington-road, Toorak, at 3 o'clock, for the Boroondara Cemetery.

The University of Newcastle Library has an album of hand-copied piano and vocal music
inscribed "Marianne Glennie, Gosford, 1859". Born in 1845 and baptised Mary Ann, she was the daughter of Alfred Glennie (1811-1870),
episcopalian (Anglican) priest at Gosford from 1850, and his wife Ann. Later living at the family property "Wollong" in the Hunter Valley,
Alfred recorded Marianne becoming his church organist (in his journal, 30 July 1863), and she also accompanied him to outlying churches to play
the harmonium for services (e.g. at Branxton on 3, 10, 17 September 1865, and at Rothbury as late as 29 June 1869). Aged 35, she married in
1871, the year after her father's death, and over the coming decade gave birth to at least 5 children. Her collection is a rare example of early
colonial manuscript music, her 72page album proper is described at
http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/35695684, and several additional
folders and loose sheets at
http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/35699544,
http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/35697747,
http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/35699324,
http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/35697582, and
http://nla.gov.au/nla.cs-ma-an21774091.

As well as an arrangement of Mozart's Non piu andrai and a duet from Verdi's Il trovatore, Glennie's manuscript copies include one Australian
composition, the song Your Willie has returned dear, by Ernesto Spagnoletti senior, which was first published
in Sydney by Henry Marsh in September 1859, and must have been copied from the printed sheet music (see
http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/13522608).

At All Saints' Church, Singleton, on the 17th inst., by the Lord Bishop of Newcastle, assisted by the Revd. James
Blackwood, B.A., incumbent of All Saints', Maxwell Philips, eldest son of J. B. Holmes, Esq., of The Wilderness, Lochinvar,
to Mary Anne, eldest daughter of the late Revd. Alfred Glennie, of Lochinvar.

Peregrinations of a
Pastoral Parson: Journals of the Rev Alfred Glennie, transcribed &
annotated by Ann & Malcolm Glennie Holmes from the Facsimile Edition
held by the Muswellbrook Central Library, online at

MONDAY NEXT. TOOGOOD'S SALOON will be opened under different management, and as pulling will not be resorted to it will
be merely necessary to mention the following names as a proof of the proprietor's sincerity to make his place the greatest
attraction in the city. Behold ! all this talent at TOOGOOD'S SALOON, EVERY NIGHT, for One Week, with other artistes.
The Buckingham Family and troupe. Largest operatic company out of England. Having at great expense engaged the following artistes:
Madame Josephine Picilomo, the eminent pianist and cantatrice; Monsieur Picilomo, the talented basso; Madame A. J. Glogoski,
the charming ballad singer; Slgnor Glogoski, the Prussian violinist; Miss Buckingham, the talented singer; Mr. G. H.
Buckingham, the buffo singer; Master G. K. Buckingham, the flute player; Master W. Buckingham, the tenor singer,
called the old musketeer; Master C. Buckingham, Irish singer, Paddy Malone; Master H. Buckingham, the nautical singer,
Red, White and Blue, &c. . . .

Pianoforte Tuning and Repairing. MR. GLOGOSKI begs to announce to the inhabitants of Illawarra, that he is now
on a visit to this district, and is prepared to Tune and Repair Pianofortes, in the most efficient manner, and
on reasonable terms. Orders addressed to the above at ELLIOTT'S Hotel, Wollongong, will be promptly attended to.
Mr. G. intends visiting Kiama and Shoalhaven during next week.

A BALL AND REFRESHMENT will be given in the spacious saloon of the Wollongong Hotel, on
TUESDAY Night, the 30th instant. The Buckingham Family's most efficient and full band will be
in attendance. Dancing to commence at 8 o'clock, p.m. Double Tickets, 7s 6d; single ditto 5s,
which can be obtained at the Hotel.

Grand Ball. HERR GLOGOSKI, begs to inform the inhabitants of Shoalhaven, that a Grand Ball will
take place at his Dancing Academy, on Monday, the 29th August. Refreshment will be
provided. Admission - Single tickets, 5s; Double ditto, 7s 6d. Dancing to commence
at 8 o'clock precisely.

MADAM GLOGOSKI begs to inform the inhabitants of Shoalhaven, that she intends giving
lessons on the Pianoforte, Singing, Dancing, and every description of Fancy Work.
Charges moderato. Shoalhaven, 20th August, 1859.

The twelfth anniversary of the foundation of the Loyal Stranger and Friend Lodge, was celebrated
yesterday in the usual manner. The officers and brethern met in the meeting at the lodge room, Commercial Hotel and walked in
procession to St. Saviour's Church, where a sermon was preached by the Rev. R. Leigh, who had been initiated the night before.
After the termination of the service, the brethern walked in procession through the town. In the evening a ball and supper
were held at Host Cohen's. About forty couples were present. The music was piano and violin, by Mr. and Mrs. Glogoski,
two new arrivals, of whose musical abilities report speaks highly. Dancing was kept up till daybreak, and all
appeared well pleased with their amusement.

. . . Some months ago we were honored with a visit from no less a personage than M. Golgoski, who, after expressing
his disapprobation of the facilities our town afforded for the display of vocal and instrumental harmony possessed by himself,
fair spouse, and partner, signified his intention of proceeding immediately to Shoalhaven, at the same time placing in
the hands of our printer a lengthy programme for immediate execution, embracing music of every description, from the
"Sky Town Maid," up to the last scene in "Lucia di Lammermoor." The programme was printed and sent down to M. Glogoski
between two and three o'clock in the morning, with the amount of damage enclosed - but alas, we have never seen M. Glogoski,
programme, or bill, from that day to this . . .

[Advertisement], Queanbeyan Age and General Advertiser (3 November 1860), 4

... And, to crown all, the boards of the Dr. Johnson Saloon draw delighted audiences to hear the comic and original
ebullitions of Thatcher, and the sweet charming strains of the Ballarat nightingale, Miss Kate Glover.

Though neither of the brothers, Stephen Glover
or Charles William Glover,
both popular songwriters, ever visited Australia, a ballad elsewhere in the local press attributed simply to Glover,
The Australian emigrant appeared anonymously as the first number of Henry Marsh's 1855 weekly serial
The Australian musical cadeau.
It was introduced in Miska Hauser's concert in Sydney in April 1855 by the
recently-arrived English actor-singer, Mrs. Henry Craven (daughter of Sidney Nelson); perhaps she specially commissioned for their visit (1854-57) before leaving London.
Also known as "The Song of the Australian Settler", it was one of several Australian songs written by Stephen Glover and lyricist Charles
Jeffreys that were included in MR. H. Smith's Australian Entertainment.
Also by them was The queen of the south and Farewell to England.

Documentation:

[Advertisement]: "[Concert] UNDER THE PATRONAGE", The Sydney Morning Herald (26 April 1855), 1

At 6 a student of Kalbrenner, Goddard played for Chopin and Queen Victoria. Taught by Lucy
Anderson and Thalberg, she made her London public debut under Balfe in 1850. She visited Australia twice during her 1873-74 world tour. In June
1874, sailing from Java to Queensland, her ship was wrecked and she shared a rescue boat with tightrope walker Charles Blondin. Among music
she played in Australia was Jules de Sivrai's Grand Scotch fantasia
and Grand Welsh fantasia,
and Thalberg's Variations on Home, sweet home.

SYDNEY, THURSDAY. Madame Arabella Goddard, after arranging for three concerts at the Victoria
Theatre, advertised to-day her intention to proceed to Orange, but afterwards left her hotel suddenly about noon, leaving a most
uncomplimentary letter reflecting on native talent, and stating her intention not to appear to-night. Her piano is in Mr. Bennett's possession,
and her luggage was placed on board the Melbourne steamer
Dandenong, by which steamer Madame Goddard, accompanied by Miss Christian, sailed in the afternoon for Melbourne. When the curtain rose
at the Victoria Theatre to-night, Mr. Bennett read a letter from Madame Goddard, in which she states that letters had been sent to her, warning
her that she would have an unfavourable reception, because native talent had not been engaged; Madame Goddard went on to say in her letter that
she was not previously aware that the natives of Australia had any taste for music. The affair has created great indignation; and is the subject
of general comment, not favourable to Madame Goddard or her advisers.

In Brighton, England, in June 1866, Wilhelm Goergs, 28, a music teacher, was charged with feloniously sending to Bismark a letter threatening to murder him.
A jury convicted him, but recommended mercy, and he served a comparatively light sentence of four months without hard labour.

One of his first acts on arrival in Sydney in mid 1873 was to publish the first edition
of his "new national song" Advance Australia, composed on the voyage out, and noticed by the press for
its "republican" tendencies. Shortly afterwards he was in Armidale, advertising: "PROFESSOR KARL WILHELM
GOERGS, formerly of Stolberg College, Germany, and for the last nine
years Professor of Modern Languages and Music in Brighton, England, will
TEACH THE FRENCH AND GERMAN LANGUAGES, theoretically and
conversationally, also, will give LESSONS in SINGING and PIANOFORTE PLAYING."

By 1879 Goerg's Echoes of Australia series consisted of 9 published songs and 5 piano
pieces. According to a preface to no. 1 (the 1879 edition of
Advance, Australia, young and fair!):

The author of "Echoes of Australia" arrived in the Colony 1873 and has since that time taken his
subjects for musical and poetical composition principally from the scenes around him. It may seem somewhat presumptuous for a recently
naturalized British Citizen to attempt writing poetry in a language which is not his mother tongue, yet the manifest approbation with which
several of his works, written in English, were received by the press during his long professional career at Brighton, England, fully
justifies his efforts to earn an honorable place in the literature of this Country.

At the Brighton police-court on Wednesday, Wilhelm Georgs, a young man of twenty-eight, who has for some time resided at Brighton and practised as a
teacher of music, was brought up on a warrant, charged with sending a threatening letter to Count von Bismarck, the Prussian prime minister,
such letter threatening to kill the said Count Bismarck.

The first witness called was Adolphus Frederick Williamson, inspector in the detective department of
the metropolitan police. He produced a letter, written in German, and an envelope, addressed to Count
Bismarck at Berlin, and bearing the Brighton and Berlin postmarks. Witness said that on the previous day
(Tuesday) he went in company with Mr. Raward, clerk to the Brighton police, to No. 3, Hampton-place, Brighton,
where the prisoner resided. He saw prisoner, and asked him if his name was Goergs. Prisoner said it was.
Witness then took the letter from the envelope, and asked prisoner if he had written a letter to Count
Bismarck. Prisoner said he had. Witness then put the letter into prisoner's hand, and prisoner said it
was his handwriting. Witness had received the letter from Sir Richard Mayne, chief of the metropolitan
police. In cross-examination by Mr. Lamb, witness said Sir Richard Mayne was not in the court. He had
not opened the letter, nor did he think Sir Richard Bayne had. Did not know Count Bismarck, or that there
was such a person, except from seeing the count's name in the newspapers. There might be twenty Count
Bismarcks for what he knew. Nothing had passed between him and prisoner about the envelope. He held the envelope
in his hand when he showed prisoner the letter. Mr. Bigge said the date of the Brighton postmark on the
letter was May 23, and of the Berlin postmark May 26. In answer to Mr. Scott, witness said the prisoner
looked at the letter before he said it was in his handwriting. Frederick Naetubus, of No. 66,
Bishopsgate-street Within, London, merchant, said he was a German, and well acquainted with the German
and English languages. Had made a correct translation of the letter produced by Mr. Williamson, and which was:

Brighton, 3, Hampton-place, Whitsuntide, 1866.
Sir,- Unfortunately you have escaped "this time." Take notice there are still patriots which are
not afraid to put a stop to your miserable existence. My dear never forgotten friend, Ferdinand Blind,
has taught me how not to miss you. You must expect now dagger and poison. I will not miss you. Take farewell from
the world. Curses and shame are on your memory. Eternal hatred against all bearing the names Hohenzollern and Bismarck.
I have sworn it I - Signed WILHELM GOERGS, late teacher and gymnast at Stolberg, near Aix-la-Chapelle."

Some of the prisoner's countrymen in court, who had obtained a view of the original letter, objected to the
translation "I will not miss you," and witness admitted that the more literal translation would read "I
do not miss you." Inspector Terry, of the Brighton policed apprehended prisoner on Wednesday at his residence
in Hampton-place, Brighton. Witness asked prisoner if his name was Wilhelm Goerge, and he said it was.
Witness read the warrant to prisoner, who made no reply. Witness cautioned prisoner that what he said might
be used as evidence against him. Prisoner then asked if he should be tried in England or sent to Prussia. He
said he did not mind if he was tried in England; he would rather be tried under English laws. Mr. Lamb
addressed the court at considerable length, arguing that the case failed on technical grounds. He first
submitted that there was no evidence of Count Bismarck's identity. Inspector Williamson knew
Count Bismarck only by newspaper reports, and those could not be accepted as evidence. He further argued
that as Count Bismarck was beyond the jurisdiction of English law, no offence had been committed. It was
also not proved that the prisoner had sent the letter, and the sending was the gravamen of the offence.
Prisoner admitted that he wrote the letter, but said nothing about the envelope, and that it might be that
some one else had taken the letter off his table and sent it to Berlin. He submitted that the case failed
in legal proof. The bench ruled against Mr. Lamb. They held that they had jurisdiction, and that the
words of the statute applied to foreigners. After a short consultation, they decided to commit the prisoner
for trial to the next borough quarter sessions. Mr. Lamb applied for bail; and the bench at first seemed
disinclined to grant it. After consultation, however, they determined to take prisoner's own recognisance in
500l. and two sureties in 250l. each. Two gentlemen in court were accepted, and prisoner was liberated.

DR. WILHELM GOERGS begs to announce that he continues to give Lessons on
the Pianoforte, in Singing and Composition, and to attend Singing Classes in Schools and Families. - 3, Hampton Place, Brighton.

Many persons will hear with regret of the death of Professor Goergs, of Riviere
College, Woollahra, which took place at his residence on Monday night, the cause of death being inflammation of the lungs.
Professor Goergs was very successful in passing pupils for the University examinations, and
last year one of his pupils obtained the Fairfax Prize and four medals at the senior examination.
The Professor was only 44 years of age, and was greatly respected by a large circle of friends.

Our theatre is again opened under the management of Mr. White, pianist, who with Madame White,
Madame Vitelli, Monsieur Vitelli and Mr. Golding, constitute the company. The concerts are not so well attended as they ought to be ...
Of Mr Golding, our old established favorite, it is scarcely necessary to say, that he will keep up his reputation as one of the best
comic singers in the colony.

The Princess's Theatre was crowded to excess last night to give a bumper
benefit to Mr J. Mungall ... Mr. Dan Golding appeared on this occasion in some of his capital Irish
comic songs. The evening's amusement did not conclude till nearly one o'clock.

"THEATRICALS AND MUSIC", Bell's Life in Victoria and Sporting Chronicle (31 March 1860), 2

William was the second son of the music critic Carl Gollmick, and younger brother of the London-based popular pianist, violinist and composer Adolph Gollmick (1825-1883)
(originator of most of the Gollmick works advertised in Australia in the 1860s, including the Europa and
Martha galops)

William was described as a "professor of music, Castlemaine" when declared insolvent in 1863. When Mr. W. Salomon of Bendigo "invented a
new dance", the Cimelian, in 1867, Gollmick reportedly wrote the music. He was appointed conductor of the Sandhurst Musical Union in 1876. After
signing his first Australian publication, Riflemen form (Melbourne: W. H. Williams, 1864),
"C. F. W.", for his many later publications from the 1870s onward he used simply "William". The later popular Misses Alice and Lillie Gollmick were his daughters,
and the baritone and song composer Ernest Gollmick was his son.

... special mention must be made of the contributions by Miss Alice Gollmick (who for some time past has been studying
in Melbourne under Madame Lucy Chambers), Miss Elsie O'Flaherty, Miss Lillie Gollmick, Miss Robie Smith, and Messrs. P. Macoboy, W. Tinkler,
and A. Lehmann ...

Miss Lily Gollmick, A.R.C.M.,the daughter of Herr Gollmick, of Melbourne, and formerly of Bendigo, who is now in Calcutta,
has earned great praise from the local press for her brilliant and sympathetic playing. The "Englishman" pronounces her "a pianiste of a very high degree of excellence."

Goodall is credited with writing and/or singing the following songs: in February
1848 When you are out in the bush (Song - Mr. Goodall); and in August 1848: Life in the bush (song) [perhaps
the same as the foregoing] and a Humorous song on the election (to the tune of "Scots whahae wi' Wallace bled")

A very singular case of forgery, or uttering, was perpetrated on Saturday night. A man called at the Monster Clothing Company's
establishment in Bourke-street, and bought a small parcel of clothing, worth about £2 10s. He tendered in payment a cheque for £10 10s.,
in favour of Mr. Hughes, professor of music, drawn by a clergyman, in payment of salary for musical instruction ...

Edward Goodliffe, recently an organist at Brighton Church, was yesterday committed for trial from the City Court, upon no less than four distinct
charges. It seems almost incredible that a man in his position should have deliberately sacrificed everything in life from a mere love of
rascality, and yet it would appear that no other construction can be put upon his conduct. Had he designed a way of wrecking himself completely,
he could not have acted more successfully, nor could he have placed his character in a more repulsive light. He was living with Mr. Hughes,
professor of music, was accustomed to do certain business for him, and was treated with a confidence which few men would have betrayed. While
so esteemed by Mr. Hughes, Goodliffe was robbing his friend secretly. Music which had been composed for special occasions and upon special
subjects, he appropriated, and actually altered the inscription upon several pieces of M.S., so that, instead of "Composed by H. S. Hughes"
it read, "Composed by E. Goodliffe." Other music was also stolen, valuable because not now to be obtained through the ordinary channels,
and Mr. Hughes found it necessary to communicate with the police ...

This year [1874] also witnessed the resignation of Mr. T. G. Goold, who with a very short interruption,
had been associated with the society from its commencement and had rendered invaluable services as an organist and conductor.

Gordonovitch's Hobart concert received only a belated and hardly sympathetic notice when, three months later, the Colonial Times noted:

Mr. Gordonovitch, we see from the Sydney papers, is going to have a concert at Sydney.
We wonder whether there are as many simpletons in Sydney, as there are in Hobart Town, and whether a crowded house will reward him,
for the miseries he has suffered for his dear, dear country! oh dear!!

In advance, the Sydney Gazette was more supportive:

Mr. Gordonovitch is understood to be one of the Polish refugees, whose dread of the "miscreant" Nicholas of Russia compelled to expatriate themselves.
At all events, he is a stranger, and that itself is a character which has ever ensured the sympathy and the patronage of Englishmen.

In the event, thanks to assistance from William Cavendish, Maria Taylor, Conrad Knowles and the choir of the Roman Catholic chapel
(concerted items included a solo and double chorus by Purcell and the overture to Figaro),
it was judged to be a great success by the Gazette.
As to the beneficiary, in the first half "a cavatina by Mr. Gordonovitch, was tolerably well executed; but this gentleman does not
appear to be a perfect master of the Italian language".
In the second: "Mr. Gordonovitch's song "Yes I will leave my Father's Halls", was rapturously encored" (by Weber,
see American edition:
http://levysheetmusic.mse.jhu.edu/catalog/levy:115.195) whereas in his "Up, comrades up, there was a dulness about the
music that was not in unison with the words, although it was well executed."

According to the Monitor, the event was "not to be criticised like ordinary concerts; the public were derirous
to attend this concert out of compliment to the Polish nation, to which
brave and noble people, Mr Gordonovitch has the honour to belong." Gordonovicth,
it found, had "a mellow voice, not devoid of strength, and he sings
a very gentlemanly song . . . We hope the colony will support Mr. G
because he is a Pole".

Gordonvitch also appeared at Maria Taylor's concert in March, and Thomas Stubbs's
concert in April. Meanwhile he had commenced business running a Fancy Repository and as a tobacconist, first in King Street, and then from
July in George Street. In his only later documented public appearance as a vocal soloist, at Vincent Wallace's Oratorio in September 1836, the
Herald noted: "Mr. Gordonovitch has certainly improved since he last appeared before the Public."

In March 1837, his business was taken over by
William Aldis, another musical amateur, but it
wasn't until January 1839 that the Colonist reported that Gordonovitch, "a gentleman who yet lives in the affectionate
remembrance of some of our mercantile friends", had arrived in Mauritius via Calcutta.

A year later still Duncan's Chronicle reported:

A Mr. Gordonovitch, who formerly kept a tobacconist shop
in Sydney, and on his departure from hence, left some claims behind him
to a considerable amount, which he forgot to discharge, is now in
London, enlisting men for the service of the King of Oude, in whose
army, Mr. G. holds a high rank.

Only a month later, in February 1840, news of his death in London reached Sydney:

Determined Suicide of a Polish Gentle man. - An inquest was held at the Exeter
Coffee-house, Strand, on view of the body of Mr. George Gordonovitch, a Polish gentleman, aged thirty years, who shot himself by discharging two
small pistols into his head on Sunday, morning last. From the evidence it appeared that the deceased had formerly held a situation under the
King of Oude, but in the month of March last he arrived in England from Calcutta with a letter of introduction to Mr. Robert Buckland, East
India army agent, residing at 26, Suffolk-street, Pall Mall, from his (Mr. Buckland's) partner, in consequence of which Mr. Buckland had
supported deceased ever since, but had informed him that he should not do so much longer. It further appeared that Mr. Buckland met deceased in
the Strand on Saturday, and lent him a sovereign, offering him more, which, however, he refused. The jury, after speaking in the highest
terms of Mr. Buckland's conduct, who had advanced already £200, returned a verdict of "Temporary Insanity." - Champion.

In 1895, one J. B. M. recalled:

Another Pole was Count Gordonovitch, the noblest looking man I ever saw. He opened a cigar divan in King-street, but
returned to London and shot himself on the pavement in Regent-street.

George Gordonovitch, a Polish gentleman, aged thirty years, shot himself by discharging two small pistols into his head on Sunday morning.
From the evidence it appeared that the deceased had formerly held a situation under the King of Oude ...

"News and Rumours of the Day", Australasian Chronicle (3 January 1840), 1

Wanda Horky (with assistance from Monica & John Andrew), Materials in the National Library of Australia on Poles in Australia
compiled on behalf of the Polish Historical Institute in Australia (2nd edition: 2002), 19-20

Yesterday a man named William Adams was apprehended by Inspector Stuart,
on the charge of unlawfully having in his possession a stolen German flute, the property of Mr. Gouge, of the Star Inn, Hindley street.
No less a sum than £415 was found upon his person.
He had also a revolving pistol, a life-preserver, and a hand- some Gold watch and appendages.
The flute, which is identified by Mr. Gouge, was taken from off his piano on or about Christmas Day.

The benefit to be given to Miss Anna Gould by the members of the Club, takes place this
evening, at the Charlie Napier Theatre, and we trust the public will make it a bumper.
As we have before stated, the play of the evening will be the "Honeymoon," the various
male characters in which will be assumed by the members of the Club.
Mrs. Heir, Mrs. Murray, and Mrs Greville have kindly volunteered to give their services in the principal
female characters, and we doubt not the performance will be a most attractive one. Miss Gould will sing between the acts.

The celebrated instrumentalist, Harry Goulston, at the Emen, performed musical feats on
several instruments at the same time and in such a manner that he both pleased and astonished his limited audience. Mr. Goulston may be called
the "Musical Multum in Parvo" he is a band in himself. It is worth walking a few miles to hear him play the "Last Rose of Summer" and his
masterly rendering of some of the best operatic selections is truly wonderful; the clear tones of the cornet, the dexterous fingering of the
piano, and the perfect time observed in beating the drum, together with the tinkling of the bells produces an effect in harmony which we hope
our readers will hear for themselves, and thus save us the task of attempting a further description.

The Wangaratta correspondent of the Ovens Constitution writes as fallows on this painful subject: No action has yet been commenced against Mr. Booth,
and an opinion seems to be growing up that the affair is blowing over. Mr. Booth has withdrawn his resignation,
and has employed an organist at a salary of £30 a year; and the latest bait used to attract people to the church is the cry of "Oh, we're going to have such beautiful
music at our church on Sunday. Mr. Goulstone is to play, and he does play so beautifully." You may be surprised at the expression " latest bait," but I can use no other.

Miss Adelaide Stoneham, and her brother, Mr. H. Stoneham, accompanied by Mr. Harry
Goulstone, have arrived in Perth, and announce two farewell performances at the Mechanics' Hall on to-morrow and Friday evenings. It will be
remembered that Mr. Goulstone visited this colony several years since in
connection with Airey's Theatre Comique Company, when his performances secured the highest approbation of the public.

PROFESSOR GOULSTONE NO MORE !!! DURING my visit to Sydney, I found that there were TWO
Goulstones practicing on my acknowledged name (London Exhibition, 1851.) Another Goulstone, in Victoria, during my absence from the Colonies; and
also by a gentleman who left by Saturday's boat for Brisbane, that I am often advertised in that Colony. This is to inform my patrons that for
the future I will assume my own name, viz : - MR. HARRY GOULSTONE WILLIAMS, Bandmaster, Admiral Lord Lyons, H.M.S. Royal Albert, during
the last Russian war, and Pianist to the Dowager Countess Dunraven.

THERE has been a rumour current through town for the past week that Mr. Goulstone
Williams, formerly well known in Wagga Wagga musical circles, as the organist of St. John's Church, has met with a sad death in Sydney. It is
stated that he was found dead in bed at the hotel he was staying at in Wynyard Square. The cause of his death is believed to have been serious apoplexy.

Son of William Gover, professor of music of Derby, England, Gover was playing in a Melbourne theatre orchestra by 1855. In the 1860s he was teacher and
promoter of violinist Henry Curtis and pianist
Frederick Towers.

Under the direction of Signor Maffei, the above entertainment again claims the support of the
public this evening, when, judging from the programme, a good concert may be expected. We observe two or three new names,
with the reappearance of that of Miss Graham, who is rather a pleasing singer. Again we can point to the moon, and reckon
on a full house, especially with the attraction of three ladies.

... Some disappointment was caused by the announcement that Miss Octavia Hamilton was
unable to sing from indisposition, but Miss Graham came forward to supply her place and was very well received.
This lady sang several of those popular songs which have acquired a sort of domestic interest with all Englishmen,
and which though simple, old-fashioned, and hackneyed, have become standard melodies from their genuine expression of feeling and their musical excellence.
The songs included "Annie Laurie," "Kate Kearney," "I'm sitting by the style, Mary," "Where the bee sucks," "The bonnets of bonny Dundee,"
"There's nae luck about the house," "Home, sweet home," &c., &c. Miss Graham did full justice to these favourite airs and was several
times encored ...

GREAT BRITAIN CONCERT HALL. GREAT ATTRACTION! TO-NIGHT.
MISS GRAHAM, the admired Contralto, having returned from England, will sing some of the newest novelties of the day, in conjunction with
MR. J. W. BLACK, the celebrated Scotch, Irish, and English characteristic comic singer, and Mr. HARRY GOULSTONE, the renowned instrumentalist,
who will perform nightly on the cornet-a-piston and pianoforte together ...

... The late Henry Graham arrived in New South Wales from England in the early days, and
ultimately settled at the Euphonic Academy, 80 Stanley street, Sydney where he practised his profession until within a few years ago. Mr
Graham was a musician of no mean order, and many of the present leading violinists of Sydney have passed through his hands. As a violin maker
and repairer he was noted receiving special awards of merit at Sydney exhibitions, and was in touch with celebrated violinists who from time
to time visited New South Wales. Remenyi paid him a great tribute while here. Mr Graham also at one time held position under the Government as
shorthand instructor. His wife predeceased him about 20 years ago, having no family.

"SHORTHAND WRITING In the Public Service", The Sydney Morning Herald (11 April 1931), 17

"Black-Eyed Zitella Sat Weeping Alone (Words by James Grassie. Set to Music by David Stanhope, Melbourne)",
in George Thomas Lloyd, Thirty-three years in Tasmania and Victoria (London: Houlston and Wright, 1862), 463

On Sunday morning last Mr. Grau, for a long time the German interpreter at the Toowoomba Police Court,
and a professor of music, was found dead on the floor in one of the rooms of Mr. Flori's public-house.

[H.M.S. Pinafore] ... Miss Flora Graupner's representation of Josephine, the Captain's daughter,
must be looked upon as one of the finest pieces of amateur
acting we have had the pleasure of witnessing.

"Moustique" [Henri Kowalski; Marcus Clarke] continues to be well
received, thanks in no small measure to its able interpretation by all concerned. Miss Flora Graupner, in particular,
is entitled to high praise for her singing and the freshness of her acting in the title role.

The birth of an Arthur Gravely, at Basingstoke, on 30 April 1814, to Thomas Scott Gravely and his wife Ann, was registered by
the Quaker Monthly Meeting of Alton.

Gravely was a founding member of the Sydney Sacred Harmonic Society and, along with George Yarnton, a proponent of "SINGING FOR THE MILLION"
through People's Singing Classes for the practice of Devotional Psalmody.
His professional musical associates in the latter during 1851 included a Mr. Stevens and
W. Swain. He was a close friend of Lancelot Threlkeld.

The object of the People's Singing Class is the improvement of Congregational Psalmody
by imparting such a knowledge of the elements of singing, in the improved system of Mainzer, Hullah, and others,
as shall enable the people to join in the praises of the Sanctuary in an effective and proper manner.
The motive for inviting the public to be present on this occasion is not for display,
but to give the Christian citizens of Sydney an opportunity of judging for themselves of the merits of the system of teaching pursued,
and to induce them to respond to the disinterested and liberal views of the Committee
(whose aim from the first has been to reduce the charges to the lowest sufficient amount, and thus render the advantages available to the masses,)
by joining in hundreds the new class it is intended to form;
the peculiarity in the popular system of teaching being that hundreds can be taught more effectually than tens, and thousands better than hundreds -
classes of upwards of 3000 being common in England.
The difficulties that the Committee have had to contend with in the production of their exercises, &c.,
have been great in consequence of there being no music type available in the colony.
They have, however, with the aid of the lithographer, succeeded, and have placed thirty pages of exercises in the hands of the pupils,
and have just issued the first number of a tune book arranged for four voices ... ARTHUR GRAVELY.

A copy of L. E. Threlkeld's A key to the structure of the Aboriginal language (Sydney, 1850), now in the State Library of Victoria,
had a handwritten dedication on fly-leaf "To our dear Sarah and Arthur Gravely with kindest regards from The Author, Sydney, January 1st 1851"

While in Hobart Charles became a very keen rower and musician.
He played the violin and "flutina", an instrument similar to a piano accordion.
He became great friends with the Roland-Skemps, a well known Tasmanian family, who shared his love of music.

The following is from the Orchestra, published in London, 16th December, 1870:-
Mr. Sidney Gilpin, the editor of "Songs and Ballads of Cumberland" states in a communication to the Field,
apropos of a discussion, that the hunting song, known by the name of "D' ye ken John Peel" was written by John Woodcock Graves,
of Hobart Town, Tasmania, who is still hearty and hale, though bordering on fourscore years.
Mr. Graves left England - as his brief autobiography shows - soon after he had written the song, and settled in Tasmania nearly forty years since.
The verses, in the meantime, being handed about from one person to another, orally or in manuscript, became extremely popular,
first among the Cumberland hills where they had their birthplace, and ultimately throughout the hunting circles of the country at large.

There died yesterday at his place of residence, in Liverpool-street, John Woodcock
Graves, an old colonist, who was verging on his hundredth year. He came to Tasmania, in June, 1833, as providore of the emigrant ship
Strathfield, and after a short sojourn in Sydney returned to Tasmania where he settled down for the remainder of his days. Only three of his
fellow passengers now remain alive, Mrs. Ellis, Mrs. Watkins, and Mr. Wiggins. Two of his sons have made their mark in the colony. John
Woodcook Graves, the eminent barrister, now deceased, who during his lifetime took a great interest in all connected with Tasmania, and
Joseph Graves, who owns large timber mills at Southport, and was the mainstay of his father in his old age. One of his daughters is Mrs.
Hubbard, who resides in Melbourne, and takes a great interest in charitable institutions. The name of John Woodcock Graves will go down
to posterity as the author of the well-known hunting song "John Peel." He was a native of Cumberland, England, and the song
with its rattling chorus was descriptive of the fox hunting for which the border counties on each side of the Tweed are famous. There a hunt
dinner - of which there are many in the season - is regarded as
incomplete without the well known refrain of "D'ye ken John Peel" as the flowing bowl passes round, and the welkin rings again and again
with the hearty chorus. Some years ago the huntsmen of his native country testified their appreciation of the author of their favourite
song by sending him a present, The song was a favourite of the deceased, and those who have heard him sing it, acknowledge that he did so with
all the warmth of a Cumbrian. Mr. Graves died of those ailments which surrounded old age, and was attended in his last hours by the Rev. Mr. Finnis.

At a Waterloo anniversary dinner hosted by her father, publican of "The Cricketer's Arms" in Pitt-street and himself a Waterloo veteran (Coldstream guards),
it was reported: "the bust of the hero of Waterloo was received with the well-known air, "See the conquering hero comes", played by Miss Green upon the pianoforte."

Documentation:

"ANNIVERSARY OF THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO", The Sydney Monitor (20 June 1838), 2

Emanuel Charles Green, the man colour, whose name was coupled with the fraud committed upon Mr. Thompson,
the army-accoutrement maker, of Long Acre, having been apprehended in the City yesterday morning,
was subsequently brought before Mr. Minshull, at this Office.
Mr. Thompson again described the manner which he had been defrauded out of his bedheads,
and repeated the representations, as to the prisoner being a West India Merchant, and unable to speak English.
Mr. Minshull asked the prisoner if he wished to say any thing explanation - The prisoner expressed his entire readiness
to afford all the information in his power upon the subject. He utterly denied all participation in the nefarious schemes
of Davison, and the others, and said that he had been inveigled into the business, but had never benefitted one farthing
by the practice.

Mr. Minsbull: What are you, young man? - The prisoner said he was a native of France,
and had been educated in a Military College. He held a Cornet's Commission in the Chasseurs au Cheval
during the time of Napoleon Buonaparte, and was the battles of Leipsic and Waterloo.

Mr. Minshull: When did you enter the army? - Prisoner said in 1813; while on the Continent he became acquainted
with the broker E-, and a person named C-. On his arrival in England these persons behaved very kind to him,
and often had him to dine with them. By them he was introduced to the prisoner Davison and others.
Davison mentioned that he wanted purchase some beds to pack lace in which he wanted to smuggle to France,
and asked him to go with him to the prosecutor's, which accordingly did.

Mr. Minshull: Could you speak English then? - Prisoner. Yes, Sir as well as I do do now ...

Norson Davison, alias Davis, the foreign Jew, and Emanuel Charles Green, the Creole,
remanded upon a charge of having conspired to defraud Mr. Thompson, of Long-acre, out of the price of four patent travelling beds,
were yesterday brought up for further examination.
The prisoner Green, on being placed in the dock, seemed unable to support himself.
The cause of his weakness was explained by the gaoler, who stated, that the unfortunate man had attempted to cut his throat
in Tothill-fields prison. While the gaoler attended at the prison to convey Green and the other prisoners to this office,
he and his companions were placed in a kind of waiting-room. In a fit of temporary desperation, he snatched up a razor,
and inflicted a severe wound on his throat, which extended almost from ear to ear.
The surgeon of the prison sewed up the wound, and he and Davison were thereupon conveyed to this office in a coach Mrs Glindon,
wife to the gentleman in whose house Green had lodged, confirmed the evidence formerly given.
Mr. Wm. Fraser stated that he was a tailor. Green called at his shop on the 5th of October. He said he wanted clothes
to the amount of between 20l. and 25l. and gave the address of Messrs. Davison and Co. No. 70 Mark-lane,
to whom he referred. Witness called in Mark-lane on the following morning, and learned from the prisoner Davison,
that he was well acquainted with Green, who, he said, was in the habit of trading from this country to France;
that he would shortly be in possession of a considerable sum of money, and therefore that he might be trusted to any amount.
Davison added, that if Green desired it, he would undertake to pay the debt after Christmas.
The magistrate committed the prisoners to take their trial at the next Westminster Sessions.
During the above examination, Green was indulged with a seat;
and it required the utmost vigilance of the gaoler to prevent him from tearing open the wound in his throat.

Emanuel Charles Green, of dancing celebrity, danced attendance here to answer
for assaulting Mr. Rolt, and teasing his goat - both these scientific characters had been pursuing their studies at Doctor Ross's.
The dancing master accused the scholar of having said something to his prejudice;
and as words increased, the dancing master enraged, gave the scholar the lie direct.
He showed fight, and by a parry-thrust from his antagonist's umbrella, received a blow - his coat also suffered. This
case, like many others, afforded much sport to the hearers.
Mr. Green danced to the tune of £l for damage and various other costs.

FENCING AND DANCING. MONSIEUR. E. L. GREENE, Member of L'Ecole Polytechnique,
Paris, and formerly of the 3eme Chasseurs, has the honor to announce to
the Inhabitants of Sydney and its Vicinity that his Academy for teaching
the above accomplishments will be opened on MONDAY, the 17 Inst. ...
MR. GREEN having but recently arrived from Van Dieman's Land where he followed his profession for six years with considerable success, has
brought with him the highest recommendation, aid can give the most unexceptionable references to Gentlemen of Sydney, whose patronage he is
desirous to merit and enjoy. Terms and other particulars can be obtained from Mr. G. or his family, on application at his Academy, Elizabeth-street.

DANCING. We beg to refer parents who may wish to have their children taught this
elegant accomplishment, or the science of fencing, to Monsieur Greene's advertisement, which appears in another column.
Mr. Greene is said to be an accomplished dancer, and his having been for upwards of ten years a
Lieutenant in one of Napoleon's regiments of Chasseurs is a guarantee that he is an able fencer.

"NEWS OF THE DAY", The Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (1 February 1839), 2

We understand that the lamented death of Mr. Cavendish has been the occasion of the introduction to many respectable families of M. E. C. Greene,
in his profession of dancing master, and that his abilities and manners give general satisfaction.
M. Greene brought to Van Diemen's Land testimonials from officers in the French army, in which, as was the case with most of the French youth, he served a number of years.
From Van Diemen's Land, he brought to Sydney satisfactory documents as to his conduct and professional services there, and which, though acceptable in Hobart Town, were not,
owing to competition, sufficiently extensive to warrant his remaining, especially as the superior prosperity and population of Sydney promised him a higher remuneration.

We have no doubt that Mr. Greenleaves, as the regularly retained Professor of Dancing for the Willunga district, will acquit himself with his accustomed skill and propriety.
The invitations for tenders to the extent of twelve dozen pairs of dancing slippers shall be laid before certain approved friends of ours in that line.
The spacious room fitted up for the use of Mr. Greenleaves' pupils on Monday and Thursday nights we have duly noted.

... members of the choirs of Trinity and Christ Churches performed the choral parts of the
Service, conducted by J. W. Daniels, Mr. Greenwood, the organist of Christ Church, presiding at the harmonium.
The service was commenced by the singing of an anthem, taken from the 52nd chapter of Isaiah, verse I, "Awake, put on thy strength, O Zion."
The Very Rev. the Dean then read the Litany, after which the Te Deum (Jackson) was sung.

NOTICE is hereby given, that by Indenture hearing date the thirteenth day of
August, 1861, made between SAMUEL GREENWOOD, of Adelaide, in the Province of South Australia, Music Teacher, of the first part, GEORGE
ROBERT DEBNEY, of Adelaide aforesaid, Upholsterer, and SAMUEL WRIGHT, of Adelaide aforesaid, Merchant, of the second part, and the several other
persons who have subscribed their names and affixed their seals in the first schedule thereto, being respectively Creditors of the said Samuel
Greenwood ...

... It was followed by some musical performances, also by the children, who under their teacher, Mr. S. Greenwood (late choir-master at St. John's Church Melbourne), have made astonishing progress in a very few months.
It may here be mentioned, as it was omitted in the report, that Mr. Greenwood, who is engaged to teach during two hours twice a week only, generously devotes to his blind pupils two whole days per week.
On this occasion the children were a little nervous, but their performances evinced the soundness of their education.
Some of the more advanced pupils played very respectably on the piano.

We are informed by Mr. Samuel Greenwood, organist and choirmaster of St. John's Church,
that Arthur Ernest Nickson, the successful candidate for the Clarke Scholarship, was his pupil for years and only recently took lessons from Mr. Ernest Wood.

John Gregg was the son of William Henry Gregg, a goldbeater, and his wife, Ann. The family was at 9 Southampton Row at the time of the 1851 census,
John listed as professor of music and vocalist, 24. He became a pupil of Josef Staudigl in Vienna (c.1844-46), and in September 1845 he sang in a
serenade given to his teacher in which Strauss's band also participated. Gregg made his London debut in May 1847. He spent close to ten years in Australia from October 1852. He composed at least one song for a Scottish Festival in Sydney in
1853, Will o' the Wisp ("composed expressly for the occasion"). He left Australia early in 1862 for California in company with the
tenor Eugenio Bianchi and his wife

James Tulloch and George Robinson were brought up in custody of Sergeant G. Du Vernet, charged with stealing two violins
of the value of £? from the dwelling house of Robert Gregson, Bridge Inn, Upper Woolshed.

Benjamin Pitt Griffin, the elder, was a bank clerk and later in the Colonial Treasury. He was elected secretary of the
School of Arts in Sydney in April 1841 and served until early 1843, whereafter he was active in Maitland. In the Maitland concerts in September 1843 he introduced
his Billy Barlow in Australia ("an original song, written by a Gentleman of Maitland"). In March that year, at an Election
Dinner in Maitland, he had reportedly been "called upon to sing the new song of "The King of the Cannibal Islands",
which he did amidst great applause", and, suggesting he had probably fitted out the borrowed tune and format with locally topical words, at another dinner
in May "Mr. GRIFFIN was requested to sing hisoriginal electioneering song, which he did with much point and
effect, and was highly applauded." Yet again at a dinner in March 1844, "The list of toasts having been gone through, a song was
called for from Mr. Griffin, who sang "Billy Barlow" in good
style, introducing two or three verses appropriate to the occasion."

At the Royal Albert Theatre in Singleton on Boxing Day 1846, "After the tragedy [Venice Preserv'd],
Mr. Williams sung Mr. Griffin's excellent song of "Barney O'
Keefe", in his usual comic style, and was loudly encored." This was probably the
recently written song published in the Mercury in January 1845,
MR. O'KEEFE'S ADVENTURES IN AUSTRALIA. Air. "Larry O'Gaff". At
an theatrical entertainment in Singleton in February 1845, it was
reported that both "Barney O'Keefe, a song by a
Maitland gentleman now in Sydney, was highly applauded", and "Billy
Barlow at Singleton, detailing the disasters of the real
Hunter River Billy, was encored, but not again sung, owing to its length."

Griffin's daughter Caroline had married the Maitland book- and music-seller William Lipscombe in 1838.
A son, Benjamin Pitt Griffin junior (1809-1881), went to the United States, where in 1851 he reportedly committed a robbery onboard a river steamer.

MR. G. GRIFFITH, Professor of Music (late of Mr. Wilkie's Music Saloon, Melbourne),
teacher of the Piano forte, Harp, Violin, &c. Musical Instruments of all descriptions repaired. Quadrille Parties and Balls attended on the
shortest notice. All communications to be addressed to Mr. G., office of this paper.

Perhaps the only exception from the general failure which attended the awkward attempt at
general holiday-making on Monday last, was the performance of a Cantata by the corps vocale of the Royal Victoria Theatre, the
words and music in honour of the occasion, written by Mr. Griffiths, manager; and composed by Mr. Gibbs, director of the music at this
establishment. This cantata is a composition in four parts, which were severally rendered by Mesdames Sara Flower and Carandini, and Messrs. F.
and J. Howson. It is peculiarly a dramatic composition, written in a dashing allegro style, and does great credit to Mr. Gibbs, whose
acknowledged tact in making available all the artistical resources at his command, was fully displayed on this occasion. The solo parts were
effectively relieved and sustained by a chorus of twenty voices; and an enthusiastic encore from a house crowded to the ceiling made a warm
response, not only to the musical arrangement, but to the main sentiment which the music illustrated; namely, the succession of "an age of gold", to "an age of iron". A theatre is not legitimately, the arena for the
expression of political opinions; but the manner in which this allusion to the "transportation question" was received on Monday evening by a
house crowded with persons of the most varied opinions on almost all other questions, must have satisfied Earl Grey, had his Lordship formed
one of the audience who, con amore, joined in the chorus, "Advance Australia", that the repulsive question which he, it appears, desires
still to re-open, is for ever settled, in so far as New South Wales is concerned. It was only out of consideration for the vocalists that a
second encore was restrained.

"OBITUARY. THE LATE MR. JOHN GORDON GRIFFITHS", Bell's Life in Sydney (7 March 1857), 2

...The deceased gentleman arrived in this colony in the early part of 1842 [recte 1843],
having been engaged in England by Mr. Joseph Wyatt, the then enterprising proprietor of the Royal Victoria. Mr. Griffiths arrived in
this colony with the prestige of having attained considerable success in the mother country ...Mr. Griffiths retired from the Victoria at the
time Mr. Wyatt sold that establishment ...On Thursday afternoon, the mortal remains of Mr. Griffiths were conveyed to their final resting
place, the Camperdown Cemetery, accompanied by a numerous train of sorrowing friends, comprising principally the members of the theatrical
profession. The pall bearers on the melancholy occasion were Mr. G. V. Brooke, Mr. W. H. Stephens, Mr. Frank Howson, Mr. G. Rogers, Mr. A. Torning, Mr. James Crosby, Mr. John Gibbes [Gibbs] and Mr. John Howson,
and thus has the silent grave closed over the remains of John Gordon Griffiths, whose epitaph will shortly be seen not far from the tomb of the eminent Bochsa ....

Mr. Griffiths, a violinist and vocalist, gave a concert in Adelaide in March 1849 but then disappears from the record there.
However, a baritone vocalist Mr. Griffiths was newly arrived in Melbourne in April 1849.
A repertoire duplication (Wallace's Hear me gentle Maritana) suggests he was perhaps the Joseph Griffiths,
a "pupil of Crevelli's" [Crivelli], who sang in Sydney, appearing with Sara Flower (her debut), for Stephen and Henry Marsh in May 1850.
He then left immediately for San Francisco.
However, it is possible that he was the same Joseph Griffiths as below, in which case he must have returned to Britain before coming back to Melbourne.

He is perhaps the same Griffiths, violinist and vocalist, above. On sure ground, with John Russell,
Joseph Griffiths was a founding member of the Melbourne Philharmonic Society in September 1853, and was, as he later advertised,
"Leader of the Philharmonic Band". By 1856, having "now devoted the whole of his attention to the Musical Profession",
he advertised as a teacher of "Violin, Pianoforte, Singing, &c.".
He was later a prominent in business and served as Mayor of Richmond.
Under his tutelage, his pianist daughter became a student at the Royal Academy of Music in London in the 1870s.

The following information was kindly supplied by Gary Kent (September 2014) who is researching Griffiths's activities as a book
collector (he was also an art collector). Griffiths appears in the 1841 UK census, not in 1851 (consistent with him being abroad at
the time), he married Mary Smith in England on 24 June 1852, and he again appears in the 1871 UK census (he and his family were back in the
UK from 1868 to 1874). Catherine Mary, his eldest daughter, was 17 at the 1871 April census.

Family historians, Donald and Ian Wilkey, have thoroughly researched the life and career of Griffiths's daughter, Annie Griffiths Yeamans (1835-1912), who in Australia and the United States became a
famous circus performer and clown. In March 2016, Ian kindly shared some details about William Griffiths with me, allowing me to update my entry on an actor-singer I had previously only
identified as "Mr Griffiths". Griffiths, a wood-carver by trade, arrived in Sydney with his family from the Isle of Man, in 1838.

He made his first advertised public appearance in the colony at George Peck's Sydney farewell concert on 2 October 1839, singing in ensemble with the creme of Sydney's vocalists, and
again at the first anniversary of the Cecilian Society on 11 December 1839. He later appeared in concerts for Maria Prout and Isaac Nathan in 1841, and, despite
being described at first as "an amateur", also regularly acted and sang at the theatre, where, from 1843,
care was taken in billing that he (henceforth "W. Griffiths") not be confused with the actor-manager J. G. Griffiths ("Mr. Griffiths").

Notably, he sang in two locally-composed operas, Isaac Nathan's Don John of Austria (as the Secretary) in May 1847, and John Howson's The corsair in 1848, as well
as in Bishop's arrangement of Mozart's The marriage of Figaro (as Geronimo) in June 1847.
He was still associated with the Royal Victoria Theatre as late as June 1860, when his name appears along with those of Frank Howson,
Charles Eigenschenck and others as signatories in an advertisement paying tribute to the manager Samuel Colville.

WANTED, A RESPECTABLE YOUTH as an Apprentice to the Wood Carving business. Apply to William Griffiths, Wood Carver, west-side Castlereagh, street
south, between Bathurst and Liverpool-streets. N.B.- A Premium required.

The anniversary of the Cecilian Society takes place to-morrow evening. The
Directors have been fortunate in obtaining the services of Miss Fernandez, Mrs. Curtis, Mrs. Clancy,
Mr. Wallace, Mr. Griffiths, and many other first-rate musicians and vocalists. Colonel Wodehouse has in the
most handsome manner proffered the services of the principal players in the band of H. M. 50th regiment on the occasion.

The beautiful song of the "Sailor's Grave" was very
well sung by Mr. Griffiths, and elicited great applause. Mr. Griffiths being an amateur, had not, of course, the confidence on the
stage which a professional naturally has, but still he gave great promise of being a first-rate singer, with a little practice.

The great novelty of the season, the Opera of the "Corsair," was produced on Monday night at the Victoria, for the
benefit of Mr. J. Howson . . . The opening chorus in the key of G, is a bold and spirited composition; the principal solo parts were well sung by Mrs. Rogers and
Mr. W. Griffiths . . .

Information is requested respecting Antonio Grimani, formerly of Stawell, Victoria, who left
Lyttleton, Province of Canterbury, in November last, for Dunedin. A letter of importance awaits him art the Office of the Commissioner of Police, Dunedin.

From the Police Gazette, we find that information, is requested of Antonio Grimani, a Neapolitan musician, who, under
the name of James Grimani, married Bridget Burns, at Castlemaine, on 28th April, 1856.

Master Frederick Halliwell Grindrod, who so much delighted an audience at Jamberoo a short time ago with his brilliant
playing on the piano, died in Sydney on Friday last. He was only 18 years of age, and had a most brilliant
prospect before him.

... Shortly after the general body of the children had taken their allotted places
the recently organised band of the establishment entered upon the scene, and formed thence forward a prominent
and most agreeable feature of the display. The members of the band, 25 in number, and for the most part rather
below than above the average size of the inmates, were dressed in a neat uniform of blue with red facings.
Their instruments consisted of fifes and drums, and a bugle. The last named instrument was very creditably
played by Samuel Grimshaw, the boy who, as will be seen below, took one of the Fox's prizes for the year.
Grimshaw acquired his knowledge of bugle playing from the carpenter of the Institution, bugler Luckhurst, of the City Guards.
The leader of the band is Bandmaster Campion, also of the City Guards, and the manner in
which they executed several pieces of music, including the National Anthem and British Grenadier, was surprisingly good, especially when
regarded in connection with the fact that it is only some three months since the band was originated ...

GROBETY, Edwin (Edwin GROBERY; Edwin GROBITY; Edwin GROBERTY)

Vocalist, organist, convict

Born c. 1815
Arrived Sydney, NSW, 21 July 1838 (convict per Bengal Merchant, from London 24 March 1838)
Active Sydney and Campbelltown, NSW, by 1841
Died Campbelltown, NSW, 22 May 1849, aged 33

Summary:

Edwin Grobety, aged 21, was found guilty at the Old Bailey on 5 April 1836 of embezzling 20 pounds on the
account of George Peachey, his master, a music seller of Bishopgate, London. Judgement was respited at the time.

There was an unclaimed letter for "Edwin Grobeti" at Adelaide General Post Office in October 1840, though he may never have set foot there.
A letter to the Editor of the Australasian Chronicle in December 1841 concerning a
supposedly haunted house at Campbelltown, reports that a "person of the name of Grobety has lived in the same house for two years, and he
has never heard these noises until the last week".

He donated 1 pound 1 shilling to St. Patrick's Orphans' School at Windsor, NSW, in June 1841, and later that month was listed among the vocalists at Isaac
Nathan's Oratorio in Sydney as "organist to St. Peter's church, Campbelltown" [Episcopalian/Anglican].

At St. John's Catholic church, Campbelltown, in August 1842, it was reported:

The mass of Count Mazzinghi, in B flat, was sung with great precision and
taste by the Rev. Messrs. Sumner and Macginnis, and the choir, accompanied on the seraphine by Mr. Grobety, the organist, of
Campbelltown. This splendid composition we believe was never before sung in this colony, and we can only say that it was performed with a
judgment and ability that did ample justice to the composer.

He married Catherine Brady at Campbelltown in 1846. In 1847, Groberty was Campbelltown agent for Bell's Life.

At his residence, Campbelltown, on the 22nd instant, Mr. Edwin Grobity, aged 33
years, formerly of Berne, Switzerland, and for many years organist at
St. John's Church, in this town, after a short and painful illness of
three days, much regretted by all who knew him; leaving a wife and two
young children to deplore their loss.

The brothers (perhaps twins) James Turner Grocott and
Alonzo Grocott, sons of James Grocott, wine merchant of Manchester, and
his wife Mary, were both baptised on the 24 June 1821, at St. Michael's Flixton.

Alonzo Grocott's music printing and publishing activities appear to have been largely
confined to the years 1859 to 1862, and then not without controversy. In
July 1860, while he was apparently printing George Peck's
Australian musical bouquet, Peck as sole proprietor and publisher advertised
to "caution ALONZO GROCOTT, printer, and others, not to SELL or
DISPOSE of any Copies of No.3 ...without my AUTHORITY, as by so doing,
after this notice, they will expose themselves to legal proceedings."

Immediately below, Peck's notices, Grocott's own advertisement indeed signalled that
one issue of something called the Australian musical bouquet could be had from
his premises and those of Jacob Clarke. A few days later, the Empire reviewed the issue:

A great improvement has been effected in No. 3, of the Australian Musical
Bouquet, just issued from Mr. Peck's Music Repository, by an enlargement
of the size of the work, giving scope for a better engraving of the
notes ... A cheap shilling's worth! The music is neatly engraved and
printed by the transfer process by Mr. Grocott. There are, however,
occasional errors which might be corrected; and a better quality of
paper would greatly increase the utility of this meritorious little publication./p>

[Advertisement in the printed program for the] Annual Exhibition of Poultry, Pigeons, and Rabbits, in Sydney (31 July-2 August 1860)

http://www.slv.vic.gov.au/statensw/0/0/3/pdf/sn0035.pdf

ON THE FIRST OF AUGUST, will be published, (price ONE SHILLING), the AUSTRALIAN MUSICAL BOUQUET,
EDITED BY MARMADUKE H. WILSON. CONTENTS: The Rose of Hazeldeen, Good News from Home, Old Folks are Gone,
Jennie Dean, Anniversary Schottische, Drink to the Beautie, England's Glorious Land, Oh! Erin my Country,
They have sold me down the river. To be had of ALONZO GROCOTT, "Musical Bouquet Office" Bathurst-street West, and of all the Book and Music Sellers in the Colony.

Born Manchester, England; baptised St. Michael, Flixton, 24 June 1821
Active Sydney, NSW, by 1842
Trading at Grocott's music saloon, 486 George Street, from March 1848 to May 1851
Died Sydney, NSW, 6 April 1869, aged 48

Son of a Manchester wine and spirits merchant (also James Grocott), Grocott was a "writer's clerk" when first declared insolvent in March 1842.
He and his brother Alonzo were then in partnership as engravers and printers in 1845-46.
By September 1846, if not earlier, Grocott had also begun to sell sheet music.
That month Spencer Wallace was advertising his brother's balled In happy moments from Maritana:
"copies got up under his inspection will bear his signature, 'S. W. Wallace'" to be had of a range of booksellers including Grocott,
Moffitt, and Hudson. That Wallace's cousin Francis Ellard, who had also just issued an edition of
In happy moments, was probably around this time experiencing business difficulties perhaps explains this duplication, and Grocott
would go on to issue another Maritana song, Scenes that are brightest,
under his own imprint.

In mid-February Ellard was newly insolvent, and in March Grocott took over his premises - the music saloon at 485-486 George Street -
and purchased at auction his entire stock, including printing plates of Ellard's sheet music editions. Thereafter Grocott reissued copies of much of Ellard's
original stock under his own imprint. On 10 March 1848, rival retailer Abraham Emanuel issued a caution in the Herald, as a "professor of music",
warning the public against an edition of "theJenny Lind polka, incorrect from first to last, in fact a perfect
disgrace as a musical colonial production, published by a certain printer in George-street." A day later, Grocott responded by
advertising his entire stock "N.B. 10,700 pieces of new MUSIC at HALF PRICE". But by July he too was insolvent, as he explained:

The cause of my insolvency is occasioned by my having purchased the stock of F. Ellard's estate ... the which subsequently proved to be of such an
unsaleable nature that the major portion of them could not be sold except at a great sacrifice. The sale for twelve months amounting to
£82, and for which I agreed to pay £600.

The catalogue he published in the Herald in August 1850 probably represented his complete stock. In March 1851 he also advertised:

J. T. Grocott would add that he has determined on establishing a Musical Library, from which can be copied at any time any
piece enumerated - the catalogue of which will appear in to-morrow's Herald, when a copy should be retained as a reference for those who may
require a manuscript copy of the same. The Work itself will not be sold, but kept for the purpose specified above. WANTED, two Music Copiers, who
will be liberally paid.

However, the promised catalogue did not appear, and, his musical interests apparently waning, in April he
launched a new venture "Grocott's Dissolving Views" (with the disgraced
George W. Worgan billed his pianist), before finally relinquishing
his George-street premises in May. Thereafter he took his "Dissolving Views" to the NSW goldfields, as a Herald
correspondent on "A Trip to the Diggings" reported:

A spring van! Why, surely the diggings are not yet sufficiently civilized to admit of
the harmonious sounds of the pianoforte? Well! well! who could have thought it, the van is truly enough a pianoforte van; but not loaded
with music exactly; and that strange looking being at the wheel, in the red nightcap, varigated woollen shirt, and beard of enormous length, is
no less than the polite and natty Mr. Grocott, of George-street, who was wending his weary way to the land of Ophir. He recognized us long before
we did him, and when asked if his views were now dissolving, he replied it was not likely to prove so profitable, or be so easily earned.

It is unclear what happened to Grocott's stock immediately after May 1851, though some or all of it was ultimately acquired by Woolcott and Clarke,
and perhaps also by George Hudson and Henry Marsh. Grocott himself appears to have had no further contact with the music trade (though
his brother Alonzo did). As his two later insolvencies testify, Grocott was a storekeeper (in his father's trade of wines and spirits) in Pitt
Street in 1855, and a hotelkeeper in Manly in September 1860.

Csilla E. Ariese, Databases of the people aboard the VOC ships Batavia (1629) and Zeewijk (1727) -
An analysis of the potential for finding the Dutch castaways' human remains in Australia (Fremantle: Australian National Centre of Excellence for Maritime Archaeology, 2012)

Grossi arrived in Melbourne in November 1857, probably with
Maggiorotti, both of them appearing in concert that month with Miska Hauser (his farewell benefit)
and G. V. Brooke. Grossi appeared regularly in opera during 1858 and the following years. He left for San Francisco in company with Eugenio and
Giovanna Bianchi in January 1862.

It is with very deep regret that we have to announce the death of Mr. T. H. Guenett,
for many years musical critic of The Argus and The Australasian, which took place at his residence, Fulton-street, East St. Kilda, yesterday
after a brief illness. Mr. Guenett was the only son of the late Rev J. Farnham Guenett, and was born in Devonshire in 1850. He completed his
musical education under Sir Charles Halle, and came to Melbourne 28 years ago. Since then he has been a prominent figure in the local music
world. He originated and carried on for some years the Melbourne Popular Concerts which did much to educate the musical taste of the city. His
most famous pupil was the lady now known to the world as Madame Melba, and it adds to the pathos of Mr Guenett's somewhat sudden death that up
to the past few days he was looking forward with eagerness to renewing his acquaintance with his illustrious pupil. In 1888 Mr. Guenett became
musical critic of The Argus and The Australasian, and in the following year he made a tour of England and the Continent. Mr. Guenett retained
his position on The Argus until about two years ago, when he retired. He formerly held the position of organist at the Toorak Presbyterian
Church, and at the time of his death was organist at the West Melbourne Presbyterian Church ....

Born 12 April 1815; baptised Rye, Sussex, 20 April 1815 (daughter of Thomas YATES and Mary CROSHAW)
Married Alexander MACINTOSH, St. Mary's Lambeth, 23 December 1838
Arrived Hobart, TAS, 28 January 1842 (passenger per Sydney, from London, and the Downs 3 October 1841)
Active professionally as Mrs. STIRLING
Married James GUERIN, 1846
Married Richard Stewart TOWZEY (1827-1902), 1857 (the couple took the surname STEWART)
Died Melbourne, 19 July 1904, in her 90th year

James Guerin arrived in Sydney by May 1843, when he appeared in an onstage role at the Royal City Theatre. In Isaac Nathan's Australian Philharmonic Concert in June 1844 he played second violin with Henry O'
Flaherty, and at Stephen Marsh's concert at the Royal Victoria Theatre in November 1845 with O'Flaherty and George Strong. He also played in the band at
the concert of John Deane junior's Australian Harmonic Club in June 1846.

Theodosia Macintosh was one of the new theatrical recruits that arrived in Hobart with Anne Remens Clarke in January 1842.
She first appeared on the Hobart stage in February as Mrs. Stirling, singing singing Alexander Lee's The hunter's signal horn (for an
American edition, see: http://levysheetmusic.mse.jhu.edu/catalog/levy:027.062).
In June, at Maria Logan's concert:

Mrs, Stirling, whose classic style has always pleased us in her vocal performances, exhibited an additional talent,
for which we had not till then given her credit, in the piano accompaniment, which she disposed of with apparent ease, though
containing operatic passages requiring a certain degree of fingering.

The Gautrots' concert in June 1845 was to have been her last Hobart appearance prior to leaving for Sydney (though in the event she
was indisposed). In Sydney in August, her appearance as Zerlina in
Rophino Lacy's adaptation of Auber's Fra Diavolo was subjected
to detailed critique in The Australian. She last appeared as
Mrs. Stirling in Balfe's The Bohemian Girl in July 1846, and
was being billed as "Mrs. Guerin (late Mrs. Stirling)" in August. She
appeared in Nathan's Don John of Austria in 1847, and in
Wallace's Maritana in April 1849 and Matilda of Hungary in March 1850. In January 1855, Theodosia was unable to appear at
the theatre "in consequence of Mr. Guerin being suddenly and seriously
indisposed". He died in March 1856.

Mrs. Stirling sang "How beautiful are the feet", with purity, and expression, but her
recitatives were inferior, defective in style, vigour, and enunciation. Her tournure is also susceptible of improvement.

[348, note 3] From notes left by Frances and Ruby Yates
It appears that their great-grandfather, Thomas Yates, and actor, married (in 1802)
Mary Ann Croshaw and that Mrs. Yates had a fairly successful career on the stage.
The couple had three children, two daughters and one son, James, Frances Yates's grandfather
... His sisters went on the stage. Theodosia was successful in Australia. Her singing is
mentioned in a novel about early life in Sydney, A house is built, by M. Barnard Eldershaw, 1929 [Australian and UK editions, 155; American edition, 167] ...