Led by Deborah Friedman, MD, of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, investigators sought to examine whether telemedicine would be a feasible and efficacious option for migraine patients with severe headache disability.

Following an initial visit in Friedman’s practice, patients were randomly assigned to receive follow-up care via telemedicine or in-office visits, with visit frequency set at 4 to 6 weeks, then 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Telemedicine visits were conducted using the Zoom video program and scheduled via an online portal. Patients were requested to complete a questionnaire before and after each visit.

The primary outcome of the study was the percentage of telemedicine visits completed as scheduled. Secondary measures included headache disability (MIDAS), visit time, as well as perceptions of telemedicine

Ultimately, 45 patients (43 women, 2 men) were included in the study, with 18 of 22 participants in the telemedicine group and 12 of 23 in the in-office group completing the study. Notably, of the 96 scheduled telemedicine visits, 89 (92.6%) were successfully completed (87% vs 92.6%; 95% CI, 0.61-6.17; P =.3).

Clinical outcomes, including improvement in MIDAS from baseline to 1 year (95% CI, -32.8 to 24.3; P =.76), improvement in number of headache days at 1 year (95% CI, -26.8 to 6.67; P =.22), and average improvement in headache severity at 1 year (95% CI, -1.72 to 1.66; P =.97) in the telemedicine group were noninferior to the in-office group. The investigators noted that convenience was rated higher in the telemedicine group, while visit times were also shorter.

Given the results, Friedman and colleagues proposed that telemedicine may help increase clinician productivity and also improve access to care for patients with migraine.