Whap chapter 18 vocab

It greatly accelerated weaving,[23] by allowing the shuttle carrying the weft to be passed through the warp threads faster and over a greater width of cloth.[24]

flying shuttle

The device reduced the amount of work needed to produce yarn, with a worker able to work eight or more spools at once.

spinning jenny

a Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer whose improvements to the Newcomen steam engine were fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both the Kingdom of Great Britain and the world.

James Watt

refers to a vehicle, missile, or aircraft propelled by an engine that creates thrust from a high speed exhaust jet made exclusively from propellant.

Rocket

created an age for children workers and regulated the # of hours they could work

Factory act of 1833

middle class

Bourgeois

belife in a perfect society that lives in harmoney and cooperation with each other

utopian socialism

leaders from rus. br. aus. fr . prus who meet to restore balance of power and conservative ways in europe

congress of vienna

was aGerman-Austrian politician and statesman. He was one of the most important diplomats of his era.[2] He was a major figure in the negotiations before and during the Congress of Vienna and is considered both a paragon of foreign-policy management

Klemens von metternich

advocates legitimate traditional government in order to presere the status-quo

conservatism

metternich system - international peace-keeping organization

Concert of Europe

advocates limited government in order to protect individual liberties

liberalism

s the loose association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to coordinate the economies of separate German-speaking countries.

German confederation

citizen king , double eligible voters , governemtn under the control of the middle class, ignored means and demands of city workers

Louis- philippe

a series of political upheavals throughout Europe

1848 revolutions

was the first freely elected parliament for all of Germany

Frankfurt Assembly

a person of full Spanish descent born in the Americas

Creole

was a Spanish-born Spaniard or mainland Spaniard residing in the New World,

Penninsulares

was a Mexican priest and a leader of the Mexican War of Independence.

Father hidalgo

was an Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence from Spain.

Jose de san martin

was a Venezuelan military and political leader. Together with José de San Martín, he played a key role in Hispanic America's successful struggle for independence from theSpanish Empire.

Simon Bolivar

is the Spanish word for "leader" and usually describes a political-military leader at the head of an authoritarian powe

Caudillos

was a Mexican Army General who built a successful political and military coalition that was able to march into Mexico City on 27 September 1821; decisively ending the Mexican War of Independence.

Augustin de Iturbide

was a conflict fought between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the French Empire, the British Empire, the Ottoman Empire, the Kingdom of Sardinia, , part of a long-running contest between the major European powers for influence over territories of the declining Ottoman Empire.

Crimean war

was a leading figure in the movement toward Italian unification. He was the founder of the original Italian Liberal Party and Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, only wanted north unified

Camillo di Cavour

wanted whole unification of italy , "red shirts "

Giuseppe Garibaldi

german prime minister , favored monarchy , goal was to unite germany under prussia by force of foregin countried

Otto von Bismarck

refers to politics or diplomacy based primarily on power

Realpolitik

napoleon forced war on prussia , france loses william I united german empiere

Franco-Prussian war

was an Act of Parliament that introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system of England and Wales.

Reform act of 1823

Her reign is known as theVictorian era, and was a period of industrial, cultural, political, scientific, and military progress within the United Kingdom. Overseas, it was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire.

Queen Victoria

established the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary

the Austro-Hungarian Ausgleich

emancipated Russian serfs , liberal reforms , defeated in crimean war

Alexander II

was the military governor of pre-admission Florida (1821) and the commander of the American forces at the Battle of New Orleans (1815) and is an eponym of the era of Jacksonian democracy.

Andrew Jackson

served as the 16th President of the United States from March l1861 until his assassination in April 1865. He successfully led the country through its bloodiest internal crisis, the American Civil War, preserved the Union, and ended slavery.

Abraham Lincoln

valued emotions and individual imagination , inner feelings

Romanticism

avoid emotionsl , ordinary characters from natural life

Realism

as a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with the 1798 joint publication Lyrical Ballads.

William Wordsworth

was a French chemist and microbiologist born in Dole. He is remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and preventions of diseases.

Louis Pasteur

He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestry, and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection.