For a metro area of only about 3.5 million people, the Twin Cities region is unusual in the way it supports not one, but two world-class orchestras. Now, with looming deficits on the horizon and musicians' contracts at both the Minnesota Orchestra and the Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra expiring Sept. 30, the Twin Cities may have two orchestras on strike.

Even in these days of famous violinists busking in subway stations, it was a little unusual to see musicians from the Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra playing at the AFL-CIO booth at the Minnesota State Fair recently.

As labor rallies go, it was quite sedate. Musicians' supporters handed out leaflets in lieu of delivering soapbox speeches. But spend a few moments with Carole Mason Smith, chairwoman of the SPCO musicians' negotiating committee, and her concern becomes clear.

"You cannot make changes which will destroy the product," Smith says.

Her orchestra's management is proposing to cut musicians' guaranteed pay by 15 percent and trim the only professional chamber orchestra in the U.S. by six players.

Across the river in Minneapolis, Minnesota Orchestra management is proposing to cut musicians' salaries by 28 percent. Principal trombone and musician negotiator Doug Wright echoes Smith's concerns about what will happen if the Twin Cities' orchestras pay markedly less than their competitors.

"Our biggest fear is that our top talent will leave this orchestra to go to the 15, 16 others that would be in front of us," Smith says.

'We Are Looking At A Reset'

Minnesota Orchestra President Michael Henson says the situation is simply not sustainable.

"We are looking at a reset in terms of what we need to do, how we have to re-align ourselves — in terms of our concerts, in terms of our income, in terms of the contracts we have," Henson says.

Both organizations face big deficits this year: $1 million in St Paul, more than $3 million at the Minnesota Orchestra. Musicians' salaries are their biggest expense.

Stanford economist Robert J. Flanagan has become a kind of guru for orchestra managers. His book The Perils of Symphony Orchestras is based on studies of the finances of 63 ensembles over the years. He draws an analogy to industrial economics.

"The performing arts is an area where there are few opportunities for productivity gains," Flanagan says. "Most symphonies require the same number of people today that they required when they were composed."

In other words, it takes the same number of musicians to play Beethoven's Fifth as it did when it was written. That violates a cardinal rule of today's economics: efficiency. How can you get the same product out of fewer people?

The musicians say you can't compare what they do to manufacturing. They say management needs to find more creative ways of raising money.

But traditional ticket subscriptions are down across the country, and philanthropic and endowment support has been hit by the poor economy. Management in Atlanta locked out its musicians, while the Indianapolis Symphony canceled the first two weeks of its season.

Transcript

SCOTT SIMON, HOST:

The metro area of Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota have only about 3.5 million people, but they support not just one, but two world-class orchestras. But the Minnesota Orchestra and the St. Paul Chamber Orchestra are in trouble, facing large deficits and tough contract negotiations. As Minnesota's Public Radio's Euan Kerr reports, the Twin Cites may soon face the prospect of two orchestras on strike.

EUAN KERR, BYLINE: Even in these days of famous violinists busking in subway stations, it was a little unusual to see musicians from the St. Paul Chamber Orchestra playing at the AFL-CIO booth at the Minnesota State Fair recently.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

KERR: As a labor rally, it was quite sedate. Musicians' supporters handed out leaflets in lieu of delivering soapbox speeches. But spend a few moments with Carole Mason Smith, chair of the SPCO musicians' negotiating committee, and her concern becomes clear.

CAROLE MASON SMITH: You cannot make changes which will destroy the product.

KERR: Her orchestra's management is proposing to cut musicians' guaranteed pay by 15 percent and trim the only professional chamber orchestra in the U.S. by six players. Across the river in Minneapolis, Minnesota Orchestra management is proposing to cut musicians' salaries by 28 percent. Principal trombone and musician negotiator Doug Wright echoes Smith's concerns about what will happen if the Twin Cities' orchestras pay markedly less than their competitors.

DOUG WRIGHT: Our biggest fear is that our top talent will leave this orchestra to go to the 15, 16 others that would be in front of us.

KERR: But Minnesota Orchestra President Michael Henson says the current situation is simply not sustainable.

MICHAEL HENSON: We are looking at a reset in terms of what we need to do, how we have to realign ourselves in terms of our concerts, in terms of our income, in terms of the contracts we have.

KERR: Both organizations face big deficits this year, $1 million in St. Paul, over $3 million at the Minnesota Orchestra. Musicians' salaries are their biggest expense. Stanford economist Robert J. Flanagan has become a kind of guru for orchestra managers. His book "The Perils of Symphony Orchestras" is based on studies of the finances of 63 ensembles over the years. He draws an analogy to industrial economics.

ROBERT J. FLANAGAN: The performing arts is an area where there are few opportunities for productivity gains. Most symphonies require the same number of people today that they required when they were composed.

KERR: In other words, it takes the same number of musicians to play "Beethoven's Fifth" as it did when it was written and that violates a cardinal rule of today's economics - efficiency. How can you get the same product out of fewer people? The musicians say you can't compare what they do to manufacturing. They say management needs to find more creative ways of raising money.

But traditional ticket subscriptions are down across the country, and philanthropic and endowment support has been hit by the poor economy. Management in Atlanta locked out its musicians and the Indianapolis Symphony canceled the first two weeks of its season. St. Paul Chamber Orchestra interim president Dobson West says, like everyone else, he is struggling to find a model to maintain artistic quality while remaining financially sustainable.

DOBSON WEST: If it were easy to find one, people would have found it before we did. So it's going to be difficult.

KERR: Negotiating sessions for both the St. Paul Chamber Orchestra and the Minnesota Orchestra are scheduled in the coming days. It's a quirk of fate that both organizations' contracts are up Sept. 30. For NPR News, I'm Euan Kerr in St. Paul. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.