Jekyll2018-11-19T13:43:56-08:00http://alvistec.com/AlvistecThe blog "Alvistec" aims to positioning itself as a recurring site for consultation, in alternative technologies. The Alvistec blog aims so that becomes one most visited sites of tech enthusiasts that contributes to facilitates and to spreads the use of free software, electronics reuse; among other topics.Alvarez Luisinfo@alvistec.comAutoCAD 2016 Features2018-11-12T00:00:00-08:00http://alvistec.com/posts/autocad-2016-features<p>Auto - CAD is a CAD utility (Computer-aided design) that will assist you with your images and designing objects. This software allows you to program free templates and designs in an easy way and to download different elements from the Internet.
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<p>Content</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="#program-your-designs-with-this-software">Program your designs with this software</a></li>
<li><a href="#variety-of-tools-for-you">Variety of tools for you</a></li>
<li><a href="#autocad-2016-features">AutoCAD 2016 Features</a></li>
<li><a href="#conclusion">Conclusion</a></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="program-your-designs-with-this-software">Program your designs with this software</h3>
<p>Developed by Autodesk Inc. AutoCAD CAD utility creates and modifies drawing in 2D and 3D. Its assisted functions make easier the workflow, thanks to the intelligent features that are included in this program. The reason for choosing a CAD tool is because of its way of processing figures and the aid the tools offers to you when you create your different projects.</p>
<p>Those who have tried this kind of application know how handful is a bit of help when you have to design a building or a big object as soon as possible. This software can help you with your work.</p>
<p>One of the classical uses of AutoCAD is architecture of industrial design, but it really does what you need. It is not an easy program and it will take you time to get used to all its functions. You can take a look around the Internet and look for some tutorials to get into 3D Modelling &amp; CAD.</p>
<p>Once you know how the application works you will start creating all kind of objects or modify default items. There are plenty useful functions included such as 3D rendering or scanned drawing capture.</p>
<h3 id="variety-of-tools-for-you">Variety of tools for you</h3>
<p>AutoCAD provides you with some interesting functions that will make easier the creation of your different designs. Among these there is the 3D Free-Form Design Tool which allows you to manipulate the objects, pulling different sides and changing its shape. AutoCAD also has scanned drawing capture which is pretty useful; it consists on digitalize your hand drawing and it allows to alter the item.</p>
<p>However, if don’t have enough with the tools it offers by default you can get more with add-ins. This allows you to have even a greater variety of functions for your work. Thanks to its high performance engine all the objects you create with this application will have a great quality.</p>
<p>Competitors like Ashampoo 3D CAD Architecture or FlashCAD ccan’t get to its level and are considered more basic tools that are available to download in case you are interested. If you need a great a powerful design tool this is your best option.</p>
<h3 id="autocad-2016-features">AutoCAD 2016 Features</h3>
<p>Below there are the main features of this CAD utility:</p>
<ul>
<li>Design Feed option to let you communicate with your co-workers</li>
<li>Files sync thanks to Autodesk 360 connectivity and improved Ribbon interface</li>
<li>Social media integration (Facebook and Twitter)</li>
<li>Library to view, select and edit materials</li>
<li>Improved Autodesk Exchange App</li>
<li>User Interface can be customized for specific projects</li>
<li>Connection between your design and real environments (live maps)</li>
<li>Design free 3D shapes</li>
<li>Designs classified in multiple tabs to give easier access in one single window</li>
<li>Autodesk Inventor Fusion</li>
<li>Option to delete duplicate objects</li>
<li>Annotate scales to apply on your objects</li>
<li>Reality capture option</li>
<li>Secure load to prevent AutoLISP and VBA apps running</li>
</ul>
<p>If you want to know more about this software, click <a href="http://www.autodesk.com/products/autodesk-autocad/features" target="_blank">here</a>.</p>
<h3 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h3>
<p>AutoCAD is the CAD utility more complete nowadays. It will fulfill your expectations once you get used to its free and intuitive workflow.</p>
<p><strong>Pros:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Great tools</li>
<li>Powerful engine</li>
<li>Intuitive interface</li>
<li>Easy to download</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Cons:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Hard to use</li>
<li>Expensive license</li>
</ul>Auto - CAD is a CAD utility (Computer-aided design) that will assist you with your images and designing objects. This software allows you to program free templates and designs in an easy way and to download different elements from the Internet.How can I see which Flash Player version is installed?2018-11-10T00:00:00-08:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-see-which-flash-player-version-is-installed<p>Flash Player is a plugin you install on your computer that works with your web browser so you can view Flash content. It is commonly used to view content that was created on the Adobe Flash platform.
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Such content includes streaming audio and video, rich Internet media, and some web-based applications.</p>
<p>Adobe offers <a title="Flash Player Check" href="http://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/find-version-flash-player.html" target="_blank">a utility</a> that you may use to check if <b>Flash Player</b> is installed on your computer, or to check if your existing Flash Player <b>installation</b> is the latest version available. When you visit Adobe’s utility, click the <strong>Check Now</strong> button to see if Flash Player is installed on your computer:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-11-10-how-to-see-which-flash-player-version-is-installed/check-now.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-11-10-how-to-see-which-flash-player-version-is-installed/check-now.png" alt="check-now" /></a>
</p>
<p>Once the utility determines if Flash Player is installed on your computer, it will tell you which version is installed. When you know the version of Flash Player that is installed on your computer, you will be able to use the utility to see if it is the latest version, and how to get the latest version if you do not already have it installed.</p>
<p>If the Flash Player version installed on your computer is out of date, the utility will display a notification that says, <strong>Sorry, your computer does not have the latest Flash Player installed</strong>, accompanied by your system information. Proceed to the second step of the update process.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-11-10-how-to-see-which-flash-player-version-is-installed/flash-player-version1.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-11-10-how-to-see-which-flash-player-version-is-installed/flash-player-version1.png" alt="flash-player-version1" /></a>
</p>
<p>If you already have the latest Flash Player version installed, you will see a congratulatory message display, accompanied by your system information.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-11-10-how-to-see-which-flash-player-version-is-installed/flash-player-1800209.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-11-10-how-to-see-which-flash-player-version-is-installed/flash-player-1800209.png" alt="flash-player-1800209" /></a>
</p>
<p>If you do not have Flash Player installed on your system at all, click the <a title="Adobe Flash Player download" href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"><strong>Adobe Flash Player download</strong></a> link. Once installed, you may either follow the browser-specific links provided for how to Enable Flash Player in your browser, and then verify if Flash Player is installed on your computer.<br />If Flash Player is installed, you will see an animated Flash movie display:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-11-10-how-to-see-which-flash-player-version-is-installed/flash-player-check.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-11-10-how-to-see-which-flash-player-version-is-installed/flash-player-check.png" alt="flash-player-check" /></a>
</p>
<p>Please note that <strong>Google Chrome</strong> (and other Chromium-based web browsers such as <strong>Torch</strong>) include their own Flash Player implementation. If you are running Google Chrome, please visit our <a href="http://techhelpkb.com/adobe-flash-player-plug-in-google-chrome/" target="_blank">Adobe Flash Player Plug-in Google Chrome</a> article for information about updating Flash Player.</p>
<h3 id="flash-player-is-installed">Flash player is installed?</h3>
<p>This page tells you if Adobe Flash is installed and enabled in your current web browser.</p>
<p>Flash detection relies on JavaScript being enabled. So if you don’t have JavaScript enabled then it’s not possible to detect if Flash is installed and enabled.</p>
<h3 id="why-do-we-check-if-its-installed">Why do we check if it’s installed?</h3>
<p>Flash is not a default component of a web browser, and so it’s possible to run a web browser without having it installed or enabled. Sometimes web browsers will come with Flash pre-installed, so that you don’t need to install it yourself.</p>
<p>Old versions of Flash can sometimes cause problems with websites. If you’re having trouble with a Flash based website, your web developer or technical support staff may ask you what version you have installed.</p>
<p>Flash is also not supported on some mobile platforms. Apple iPads, iPhones and iPods don’t support Flash, whereas Android devices typically do support it, so if you’re not sure whether your device has Flash installed, whatismybrowser.com will tell you if you do.</p>
<p>It’s not straightforward to determine if it’s installed on your desktop computer (or laptop), so it’s helpful for a lot of users to show the status of Flash.</p>
<h3 id="what-are-common-usages-of-flash">What are common usages of Flash?</h3>
<p>One of the most common things Flash is used for on websites these days is displaying video content. YouTube’s video player is built in Flash (and they offer a fallback for Apple mobile devices).</p>
<p>Flash is still very popular for web based games; many if not most of the games you play on Facebook are built using Flash.</p>
<p>Aside from the specialist applications of Flash (ie Videos &amp; Games), Flash is becoming less common on websites these days, due to the rise in popularity of a new technology called “HTML5” and the fact that Apple mobile devices don’t support it.</p>
<p>It’s quite rare to see entire websites built in Flash these days. It’s more common to have certain elements of a website built using Flash. For example, Flash might be used for a photo gallery, a store locator, a chat room or some kind of educational program.</p>
<p>Because Flash isn’t supported on some mobile devices and not everyone has it installed, it’s always a very good idea for websites to have a “non-Flash” version of their content, so that people without access to Flash can still access your content.</p>
<h3 id="is-flash-secure">Is Flash secure?</h3>
<p>Generally speaking Flash is secure to have installed and enabled on your computer. The software is boxed off from the rest of your software so that it’s not really possible to do malicious things with it; at least not without your permission. (Eg. unless you change its settings, it will ask you if you want to activate your webcam, you personally have to specify which file you want to upload to a website, and so on; it can’t do these things by itself.)</p>
<p>That said, there have been security problems found in Flash in the past, which is why it’s important to always keep your browser and your copy of Flash up to date. Keeping it up to date also ensures that you always have access to the latest features and developments.</p>
<p>Where do I install Adobe Flash from?</p>
<p>If you don't have Flash installed and would like to, you can&nbsp;<a href="http://www.adobe.com/go/getflash" target="_blank">download Flash from Adobe</a>.</p>
<ul class="list-inline">
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="http://techhelpkb.com/which-flash-player-version-is-installed/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source1</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.whatismybrowser.com/is-flash-installed" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source2</a></li>
</ul>Flash Player is a plugin you install on your computer that works with your web browser so you can view Flash content. It is commonly used to view content that was created on the Adobe Flash platform.Vga connections for lg flatron ez and old CRTs2018-11-09T00:00:00-08:00http://alvistec.com/posts/vga-connections-for-lg-flatron-ez-and-old-crts<p>Vga connector for lg flatron ez was damage i need color configuration for its pinout, Question about LG Flatron Ez T910B 19” CRT Monitor.</p>
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<p>Pink - red input - pin 1 green - green input - pin 2 blue - blue input - pin 3 ground shield wire - pin 6,7,8 and 10 black - ddc 5v - pin 9 violet - screen raster - pin 11 white - data or sda - pin 12 orange - clock or scl - pin 15 yellow - vertical signal - pin 14 clear - horizontal signal - pin 13</p>
<ul>
<li>pin no 1 - Red colour signal (Red colour wire)</li>
<li>pin no 2 - Green colour signal (Green colour wire)</li>
<li>pin no 3 - Blue colour signal (Blue colour wire)</li>
<li>4&amp;5 Not connected</li>
<li>pin no 6&amp;7&amp;8 are (Grounds)RGB Returns</li>
<li>9&amp;10 NC</li>
<li>pin 13 Hohizontal sync signal</li>
<li>pin no 14 vertical sync signal</li>
<li>Not nessasry other pins (orange and white sometimes necessary in old CRTs to image synchronism)</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://www.fixya.com/support/t6676335-vga_connector_lg_flatron" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source</a></p>Vga connector for lg flatron ez was damage i need color configuration for its pinout, Question about LG Flatron Ez T910B 19” CRT Monitor.Blogger Post Pagination2018-11-08T00:00:00-08:00http://alvistec.com/posts/blogger-post-pagination<p>Are you looking for ways to break your posts into pages? You might have seen some popular blogs who have broken their long post into pages in order to maintain the interest of the users and it also helps in reducing the bounce rate.</p>
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<p>Today in this article, we will show you how to break your posts into multiple pages in Blogger - Post Pagination.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-11-08-blogger-post-pagination/how-to-break-your-post-into-multiple-pages-blogger.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-11-08-blogger-post-pagination/how-to-break-your-post-into-multiple-pages-blogger.png" alt="how-to-break-your-post-into-multiple-pages-blogger" /></a>
</p>
<h3 id="why-to-break-any-post-into-pages">Why to Break any Post into pages?</h3>
<p>As we have already mentioned above that it is used to build the interest of readers, if your post is too long then it might make reader get bored. Secondly, it is good for search engines as well, as it helps the search engines robots to crawl the pages more effectively and easily.</p>
<p>Therefore, if your posts are too long then you must use post pagination or break that post. And, here today we will teach you this amazing technique to break blogger posts into multiple pages.</p>
<h3 id="how-to-break-posts-into-multiple-pages">How to Break Posts into Multiple Pages:</h3>
<p>So, here are the steps which you need to apply in order to break paginate any blogger post. Before, moving towards the steps, you may can check the <a href="http://movieismdemo.blogspot.com/2015/07/this-is-test.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">demo here</a>.</p>
<p>First of all, Sign in to your Blogger account. Then make sure that jquery script is added in your template and for checking; go to <strong>Templates » Edit HTML</strong>.</p>
<p>Then you need to search for jquery plugin which would be under &lt;head&gt; in your template and would look something like below one. If you could not see that script in your template then simply copy the below one and paste it under &lt;head&gt; command.</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;script </span><span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.0.0/jquery.min.js"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Now in the template, search for the <strong>]]&gt;&lt;/b:skin&gt;</strong> tag, and just above it paste the following CSS style code:</p>
<div class="language-css highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nc">.post-pagination</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">margin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">40px</span> <span class="nb">auto</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">center</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">width</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">100%</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">float</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nb">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nc">.button_1</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nc">.button_2</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nc">.button_3</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">border</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">2px</span> <span class="nb">solid</span> <span class="m">#f4655f</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">font-weight</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">900</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">padding</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">6px</span> <span class="m">36px</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="m">#f4655f</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">transition</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">ease</span> <span class="m">0.69s</span> <span class="cp">!important</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nc">.button_1</span><span class="nd">:hover</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nc">.button_2</span><span class="nd">:hover</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nc">.button_3</span><span class="nd">:hover</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">background</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">none</span> <span class="nb">repeat</span> <span class="nb">scroll</span> <span class="m">0</span> <span class="m">0</span> <span class="m">#f4655f</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">color</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">#fff</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">text-decoration</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">none</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Again in the same template, search for <strong>&lt;/head&gt;</strong> and just above it paste the following jQuery code which enables your blog to break posts into pages:</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nt">&lt;script </span><span class="na">type=</span><span class="s">"text/javascript"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">ready</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">function</span><span class="p">(){</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_1'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">click</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">function</span><span class="p">(){</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.content_1'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fadeIn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'slow'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.content_2'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fadeOut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'fast'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.content_3'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fadeOut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'fast'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'background'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#F4655F'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'color'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#fff'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_2'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'background'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#fff'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_2'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'color'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#F4655F'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_3'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'background'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#fff'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_3'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'color'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#F4655F'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">});</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_2'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">click</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">function</span><span class="p">(){</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.content_1'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fadeOut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'fast'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.content_2'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fadeIn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'slow'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.content_3'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fadeOut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'fast'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'background'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#F4655F'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'color'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#fff'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_1'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'background'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#fff'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_1'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'color'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#F4655F'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_3'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'background'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#fff'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_3'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'color'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#F4655F'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">});</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_3'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">click</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">function</span><span class="p">(){</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.content_1'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fadeOut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'fast'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.content_2'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fadeOut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'fast'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.content_3'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fadeIn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'slow'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'background'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#F4655F'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'color'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#fff'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_1'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'background'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#fff'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_1'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'color'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#F4655F'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_2'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'background'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#fff'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">jQuery</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.button_2'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">css</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'color'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">'#F4655F'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">});</span>
<span class="p">});</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/script&gt;</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>After pasting the code, Click on Save template button to save the changes.</p>
<p>Now, Click on <strong>New Post</strong> button and switch to <strong>HTML tab</strong> and then paste the below code there.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-11-08-blogger-post-pagination/post-pagination-blogger.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-11-08-blogger-post-pagination/post-pagination-blogger.png" alt="post-pagination-blogger" /></a>
</p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"content_1"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
Add Content Here
<span class="nt">&lt;/div&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"content_2"</span> <span class="na">style=</span><span class="s">"display: none;"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
Add Content Here
<span class="nt">&lt;/div&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"content_3"</span> <span class="na">style=</span><span class="s">"display: none;"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
Add Content Here
<span class="nt">&lt;/div&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"post-pagination"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;a</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"button_1"</span> <span class="na">href=</span><span class="s">"#"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>1<span class="nt">&lt;/a&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;a</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"button_2"</span> <span class="na">href=</span><span class="s">"#"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>2<span class="nt">&lt;/a&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;a</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"button_3"</span> <span class="na">href=</span><span class="s">"#"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>3<span class="nt">&lt;/a&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/div&gt;</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>After that, Replace <strong>Add Content Here</strong> with your post body or content which you want for particular page. This code will break one post into three pages.</p>
<p>Ones you are done, Click on <strong>Publish</strong> button to make your post live for the audience.</p>
<p>The above code will break your post into three pages; if you want to increase or decrease the number of pages then you must have basic knowledge of HTML.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.mybloggerlab.com/2015/07/how-to-break-your-post-into-multiple.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Source</a></p>Are you looking for ways to break your posts into pages? You might have seen some popular blogs who have broken their long post into pages in order to maintain the interest of the users and it also helps in reducing the bounce rate.Wireless on the command line2018-11-07T19:02:00-08:00http://alvistec.com/posts/wireless-on-the-command-line<p>Connecting to wireless access points completely from the command line in linux using the built-in tools is not actually very complicated. The hardest part about it is turning off whatever “friendly” wireless/network managers your system is already running.
<!--more--></p>
<h3 id="why-the-command-line">Why the command line?</h3>
<p>Graphical tools like <code class="highlighter-rouge">nm-applet</code> are handy but what they’re doing is very opaque. Sometimes you will tell them to connect to an access point but they will ignore you and continue connecting to some other access point that you don’t want them to connect to. If you prefer to tell the computer exactly what to do, managing wireless on the command line is actually not that hard or difficult and you gain a lot of transparency into what your computer is doing to avoid frustrating situations tinkering with opaque graphical tools.</p>
<p>Also if you like minimal or tiling windowing managers using a wireless applet by way of something like stalonetray feels really awkward and strange.</p>
<p><strong>turning things off</strong></p>
<h2 id="debianubuntu">debian/ubuntu</h2>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> update-rc.d network-manager remove
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">pkill</span><span class="kv"> nm-applet
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> service network-manager stop
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>or if <code class="highlighter-rouge">sudo service network-manager stop</code> didn’t work, try:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> /etc/init.d/network-manager stop
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>If you’re using a graphical environment with a panel that automatically spins up something like <code class="highlighter-rouge">nm-applet</code>, you’ll also need to figure out how to disable that although it won’t do anything if <code class="highlighter-rouge">network-manager</code> isn’t running.</p>
<h4 id="figuring-out-the-interface-name">Figuring out the interface name</h4>
<p>Type <code class="highlighter-rouge">iwconfig</code>. You will see a list of interfaces. Ignore all the interfaces that say “no wireless extensions”.</p>
<p>The interface name will be <code class="highlighter-rouge">wlan0</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">wlan2</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">ath0</code> or something like that.</p>
<p>This document uses the name <code class="highlighter-rouge">wlan0</code> but you should substitute <code class="highlighter-rouge">wlan0</code> for whichever interface your system reports.</p>
<p>Try run:</p>
<p>Booted up the card with:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">ifconfig</span><span class="kv"> wlan0 up
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Where wlan0 is your interface card.</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> iwlist wlan0 scan
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>To scan wifi networks around.</p>
<h4 id="adding-passwords">Adding passwords</h4>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> su
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">wpa_passphrase</span><span class="kv"> SSID PASSPHRASE &gt;&gt; /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Make sure to use » and not &gt; or else you will delete all your wireless passwords! It’s a good idea to make a backup occasionally:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> cp /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf{,.backup}
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p><strong><code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf</code> example:</strong></p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
ctrl_interface_group=0
ap_scan=1
network={
ssid="awifi"
proto=RSN
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
pairwise=CCMP TKIP
group=CCMP TKIP
psk=MY KEY WHICH IS CORRECT
}
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><strong>run wpa_supplicant</strong></p>
<h3 id="scanning-for-access-points">Scanning for access points</h3>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> iw dev wlan0 scan | grep SSID
</span> SSID: MEO-876078
SSID: Thomson249040
SSID: MEO-089464
SSID: Solmar - Guests
SSID: SINDICADO-NACIONAL
SSID: Solmar
</code></pre>
</div>
<h4 id="connecting-to-an-access-point">Connecting to an access point</h4>
<p>To connect to an access point called SSID, do:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> iw dev wlan0 connect -w SSID
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Or try run wpa_supplicant:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> su
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">wpa_supplicant</span><span class="kv"> -B -Dwext -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h4 id="see-if-youre-connected-to-an-access-point">See if you’re connected to an access point</h4>
<p>Use <code class="highlighter-rouge">iwconfig</code>:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">iwconfig</span><span class="kv"> wlan0
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>When you’re connected, you will see something like:</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>wlan0 IEEE 802.11abgn ESSID:"Thomson249040"
Mode:Managed Frequency:2.412 GHz Access Point: 00:24:17:44:35:28
Bit Rate=48 Mb/s Tx-Power=19 dBm
Retry limit:231 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Power Management:off
Link Quality=46/70 Signal level=-64 dBm
Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0
Tx excessive retries:170 Invalid misc:134 Missed beacon:0
</code></pre>
</div>
<h4 id="getting-an-ip-address">Getting an IP address</h4>
<p>Most of the time you’ll just need to do:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> dhclient wlan0
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>But sometimes you will get the message:</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">RTNETLINK answers: File exists</code></p>
<p>In that case, release the dhcp lease first with <code class="highlighter-rouge">-r</code> and then get a lease:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> dhclient -r wlan0
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> dhclient wlan0
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>note: <code class="highlighter-rouge">dhcpcd</code> is another dh client to obtain an ip.</p>
<p>Once dhclient finishes, you’re online!</p>
<h4 id="disconnecting">Disconnecting</h4>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> iw dev wlan0 disconnect
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h4 id="see-also">See also</h4>
<p>The <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Wireless_Setup_#Manual_setup" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">manual setup section</a> of the archlinux wiki is very good but somewhat specific to arch in places.</p>
<p><strong>If Wireless shows up as disabled, how can I get it working?</strong></p>
<p>Try this:</p>
<ul>
<li>Install rfkill -&gt; <code class="highlighter-rouge">sudo apt-get install rfkill</code></li>
<li>Give this command in terminal -&gt; <code class="highlighter-rouge">rfkill unblock all</code></li>
</ul>
<p>Your wireless will work instantly, I hope. I guess you have a Intel wireless card and an Hp laptop, one of them at least.</p>
<p>Or try:</p>
<p>Unblock rfkill -&gt; <code class="highlighter-rouge">sudo rfkill unblock wifi</code></p>
<p>Make sure that the wifi card isn’t disabled by the keyboard. My dell laptop is fn+f2 to diable and enable wifi card. XD.</p>
<p>If you switching wifi laptop button isn’t working try “rfkill list” in terminal. This will bring something similar to the following:</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>0: dell-wifi: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: yes
Hard blocked: yes
1: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
</code></pre>
</div>
<h4 id="see-also-1">See also:</h4>
<ul class="mt-3 list-inline">
<li><h4>Sources:</h4></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/WPA_Supplicant#Classic_method:_wpa_supplicant.conf" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 1</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=100376" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 2</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Wireless_network_configuration" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 3</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/how-to-controlling-access-to-linux-services.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 4</a></li>
</ul>Connecting to wireless access points completely from the command line in linux using the built-in tools is not actually very complicated. The hardest part about it is turning off whatever “friendly” wireless/network managers your system is already running.How to add users to vboxusers2018-11-06T16:21:00-08:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-add-users-to-vboxusers<p>So I want to use my flashdrive in Windows XP, which I am currently running in Virtualbox, but when I open up the settings to enable usb usage, I get an error:</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>Failed to access the USB subsystem.
VirtualBox is not currently allowed to access USB devices.
You can change this by adding your user to the 'vboxusers' group.
Please see the user manual for a more detailed explanation
Result Code:
NS_ERROR_FAILURE (0x00004005)
Component:
Host
Interface:
IHost {30678943-32df-4830-b413-931b25ac86a0}
Callee:
IMachine {22781af3-1c96-4126-9edf-67a020e0e858}
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Does anyone know how to fix this!? Please help! :S</p>
<h3 id="3-answers">3 Answers</h3>
<p>You should be able to use this command in terminal type:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> usermod -a -G vboxusers $USER
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>After that, check that you are in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">vboxusers</code> group with this command, make sure that <code class="highlighter-rouge">vboxusers</code> is in the shown list:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">groups</span><span class="kv"> $USER
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li>id That will give you:</li>
</ul>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">uid=1000([username]) gid=1000([username]) groups=1000([username]), 10(wheel),18(dialout),497(plugdev)</code></p>
<p>If vboxusers is missing in that then add:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> usermod -a -G vboxusers [username]
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>This should resolve</p>
<ul>
<li>This works for me and my problem solved with VirtualBox</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> usermod -a -G vboxsf your_user_name
</span></code></pre>
</div>So I want to use my flashdrive in Windows XP, which I am currently running in Virtualbox, but when I open up the settings to enable usb usage, I get an error&#8230;Find RAM details (size, make, speed, slots, etc.) in Linux/Unix2018-11-05T16:20:00-08:00http://alvistec.com/posts/find-ram-details-size-speed-slots-in-linux-unix<p>This is our third post on getting hardware information. In this post we will see how to get RAM details such as size, speed, make, maximum capacity allowed RAM etc. 2-pages.
<!--more--></p>
<p><strong>Example1:</strong> Find RAM size (Total, available, used) in Linux. We can use below five methods to get details.</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">free</span><span class="kv">
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Output:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 8027952 4108280 3919672 0 132180 1646004
-/+ buffers/cache: 2330096 5697856
Swap: 15624188 573224 15050964
</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">top</span><span class="kv">
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Output:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-11-05-find-ram-details-size-speed-slots-in-linux-unix/top-command-ram-details.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-11-05-find-ram-details-size-speed-slots-in-linux-unix/top-command-ram-details.png" alt="top-command-ram-details" /></a>
</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">cat</span><span class="kv"> /proc/meminfo
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Output:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>MemTotal: 8027952 kB
MemFree: 3893748 kB
Buffers: 132208 kB
Cached: 1666864 kB
SwapCached: 226556 kB
Active: 1979556 kB
Inactive: 1849480 kB
Active(anon): 1592580 kB
Inactive(anon): 886080 kB
Active(file): 386976 kB
Inactive(file): 963400 kB
Unevictable: 68 kB
Mlocked: 68 kB
SwapTotal: 15624188 kB
SwapFree: 15050964 kB
Dirty: 172 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 1907548 kB
Mapped: 223484 kB
Shmem: 448696 kB
Slab: 140444 kB
SReclaimable: 101456 kB
SUnreclaim: 38988 kB
KernelStack: 4960 kB
PageTables: 53108 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 19638164 kB
Committed_AS: 7822876 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 567356 kB
VmallocChunk: 34359151824 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 0 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 120832 kB
DirectMap2M: 8118272 kB
</code></pre>
</div>
<!--paginator-->
<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/find-ram-details-size-speed-slots-in-linux-unix/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>This is our third post on getting hardware information. In this post we will see how to get RAM details such as size, speed, make, maximum capacity allowed RAM etc. 2-pages.Simple low power DC to DC Converter 1.5V up to 9V+2018-11-04T12:20:00-08:00http://alvistec.com/posts/simple-low-power-dc-to-dc-converter-1v5-up-to-9v<p>A simple circuit for using a single 1.5v battery to power 4.5v / 6v / 7.5v / 9v electronics. Steps up DC voltage. Using (2) 1.5v batteries gives you up to 18.5VDC Output!
<!--more--></p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-11-04-simple-low-power-dc-to-dc-converter-1v5-up-to-9v/1v5to9vInverter.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-11-04-simple-low-power-dc-to-dc-converter-1v5-up-to-9v/1v5to9vInverter.png" alt="1v5to9vinverter" /></a>
</p>A simple circuit for using a single 1.5v battery to power 4.5v / 6v / 7.5v / 9v electronics. Steps up DC voltage. Using (2) 1.5v batteries gives you up to 18.5VDC Output!How to test microphone with Audio Linux Sound Architecture ALSA2018-11-03T10:05:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-test-microphone-with-audio-linux-sound-architecture-alsa<p>Sometime a need comes to test microphone for use with VOIP applications such us Skype. The simplest and easiest way to test microphone (MIC) on your linux system is to use default alsa tools which come with alsa sound system package.
<!--more--></p>
<p>First we need to check if alsa had recognized and our sound device.</p>
<h3 id="1-list-of-sound-devices">1. List of sound devices</h3>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">cat</span><span class="kv"> /proc/asound/cards
</span> 0 [NVidia ]: HDA-Intel - HDA NVidia
HDA NVidia at 0xefff0000 irq 20
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>You may get bunch of devices but we are interested in the one which seems to familiar to you or the one which has IRQ. Another command to use to check which sound devices are recognized by your alsa system is arecord -l:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">arecord</span><span class="kv"> -l
</span>**** List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices ****
card 0: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 0: AD198x Analog
[AD198x Analog]
Subdevices: 3/3
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1
Subdevice #2: subdevice #2
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="2-test-mic">2. Test MIC</h3>
<p>To test microphone we would used arecord on the command line. This small utility will record sound from your default alsa default sound device. No special arguments as device name are not required since we I have only one sound card.</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">arecord</span><span class="kv"> /tmp/test-mic.wav
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>This will record 10 seconds.</p>
<h3 id="3-play-test-micwav">3. Play test-mic.wav</h3>
<p>Now it is easy to play your wav file with another simple alsa utility a play:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">aplay</span><span class="kv"> test-mic.wav
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Will use second sound card where 1 refers to card and 0 refers to device as returned by arecord -l command. If you want to change your default alsa sound device globally on the system here is a link to unofficial alsa wiki which you might find helpful:</p>
<h3 id="references">References:</h3>
<ul class="list-inline">
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="http://alsa.opensrc.org/index.php/FAQ026" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 1</a><br /></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="http://linuxconfig.org/how-to-test-microphone-with-audio-linux-sound-architecture-alsa#top" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 2</a></li>
</ul>Sometime a need comes to test microphone for use with VOIP applications such us Skype. The simplest and easiest way to test microphone (MIC) on your linux system is to use default alsa tools which come with alsa sound system package.Transfer XP from One Computer to Another | Trick to Bypass BSOD2018-11-02T18:05:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/transfer-xp-from-one-computer-to-another-trick-to-bypass-bsod<p>As many people know by now, XP does not like it when significant hardware changes take place in a machine. If you have every tried swapping a motherboard or moving a hard drive from one computer to another you have probably seen the BSOD (Blue Screen of Death). To move a Hard Drive with XP installed and fully intact you need to do the following.</p>
<p>This trick will work even if you are changing processors – Intel to AMD – you just need to follow one extra step if this is the case. This is a great trick to quickly move an entire system installed on Hard Drive to a new machine.</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>¬† On the old machine start windows and edit the REGISTRY¬† (Start, then Run - regedit).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>¬† In the registry navigate to <code class="highlighter-rouge">HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG &gt; SYSTEM &gt; CURRENTCONTROLSET &gt; ENUM</code><br />
Now Delete the entire ENUM registry key.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>¬† Shut Down this Computer.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Transfer Hard Drive to New computer and then turn on.¬† The new computer will reboot a few times until it rebuilds the registry on the new machine.<br />
¬† <strong>If you cannot get it to boot (You see Blue Screen of Death) and you have switched from an Intel Processor to AMD you will need to do the following</strong>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>(Do these extra steps only if you are getting BSOD caused by switching from INTEL to AMD).¬† Boot into Safe Mode.¬† Edit the registry again and this time go to.¬† Locate and then click the following registry key:</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Intelppm</code></p>
<ol>
<li>In the right pane, right-click the <strong>Start</strong> entry, and then click <strong>Modify</strong>.</li>
<li>In the <strong>Value</strong> data box, type 4, and then click <strong>OK</strong>.</li>
<li>Exit Registry Editor.</li>
<li>Restart your computer.</li>
</ol>
<p>Also found here:<br />
<a href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/953356">Source</a></p>If you have every tried swapping a motherboard or moving a hard drive from one computer to another you have probably seen the BSOD (Blue Screen of Death). To move a Hard Drive with XP installed and fully intact you need to do the following.How do I configure swappiness? &amp; What is Swappiness?2018-11-01T16:00:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-do-configure-swappiness-what-is-swappiness<p>Most of Linux users that have installed a distribution before, must have noticed the existence of the “swap space” during the partitioning phase (it is usually found as the lastest of all hard disk partitions).</p>
<p>This is a dedicated space in your hard drive that is usually set to at least twice the capacity of your RAM, and along with it constitutes the total virtual memory of your system. From time to time, the Linux kernel utilizes this swap space by copying chunks from your RAM to the swap, allowing active processes that require more memory than it is physically available to run.</p>
<p>Swappiness is the kernel parameter that defines how much (and how often) your Linux kernel will copy RAM contents to swap. This parameter’s default value is “60” and it can take anything from “0” to “100”. The higher the value of the swappiness parameter, the more aggressively your kernel will swap.</p>
<h3 id="why-change-it">Why change it?</h3>
<p>The default value is an one-fit-all solution that can’t possibly be equally efficient in all of the individual use cases, hardware specifications and user needs. Moreover, the swappiness of a system is a primary factor that determines the overall functionality and speed performance of an OS. That said, it is very important to understand how swappiness works and how the various configurations of this element could improve the operation of your system and thus your everyday usage experience.</p>
<p>As RAM memory is so much larger and cheaper than it used to be in the past, there are many users nowadays that have enough memory to almost never need to use the swap file. The obvious benefit that derives from this is that no system resources are ever occupied by the swapping process and that cached files are not moved back and forth from the RAM to the swap and vise versa for no reason.</p>
<h3 id="how-to-change-it">How to change it?</h3>
<p>The swappiness parameter value is stored in a simple configuration text file located in <code class="highlighter-rouge">/proc/sys/vm</code> and is named “swappiness”. If you navigate there through the file manager, you will be able to locate the file and open it to check your system’s swappiness. You can also check it or change it through the terminal (which is faster) by typing the following command:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> sysctl vm.swappiness=10
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>or</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> sysctl -w vm.swappiness=10
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Or whatever else between “0” and “100” instead of the value “10” that I used. To ensure that the swappiness value was correctly changed to the desired one, you simply type:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">cat</span><span class="kv"> /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>On the terminal again and the active value will be outputted.</p>
<p>This change has an immediate effect in your system’s operation and thus no rebooting is required. In fact, rebooting will revert the swappiness back to its default value (60). If you have thoroughly tested your desired swapping value and you found that it works reliably, you can make the change permanent by navigating to <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/sysctl.conf</code> which is yet another text configuration file. You may open this as root (administrator) and add the following line on the bottom to determine the swappiness:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> gedit /etc/sysctl.conf
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-11-01-how-do-configure-swappiness-what-is-swappiness/swappiness-ubuntu.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-11-01-how-do-configure-swappiness-what-is-swappiness/swappiness-ubuntu.png" alt="swappiness-ubuntu" /></a>
</p>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>vm.swappiness=”your desire value here”
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Then, save the text file and you’re done!</p>
<h3 id="factors-for-consideration">Factors for consideration</h3>
<p>There are some maths involved in the swappiness that should be considered when changing your settings. The parameter value set to “60” means that your kernel will swap when RAM reaches 40% capacity. Setting it to “100” means that your kernel will try to swap everything. Setting it to 10 (like I did on this tutorial) means that swap will be used when RAM is 90% full, so if you have enough RAM memory, this could be a safe option that would easily improve the performance of your system.</p>
<p>Some users though want the full cake and that means that they set swapping to “1” or even “0”. “1” is the minimum possible “active swapping” setting while “0” means disable swapping completely and only revert to when RAM is completely filled. While these settings can still theoretically work, testing it in low-spec systems of 2GB RAM or less may cause freezes and make the OS completely unresponsive. Generally, finding out what the golden means between overall system performance and response latency requires quite some experimentation (as always).</p>Most of Linux users that have installed a distribution before, must have noticed the existence of the “swap space” during the partitioning phase (it is usually found as the lastest of all hard disk partitions).How to display or show information about a Linux Kernel module or drivers2018-10-30T17:08:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/display-information-about-linux-kernel-module-or-drivers<p>I was just browsing our <a href="http://forum.cyberciti.biz/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">forum</a> and come across the following question:</p>
<p>How do I find out detailed information about a Linux Kernel module or device drivers?</p>
<p>You need to use modinfo command to display or show information about a Linux Kernel loaded modules. Use <a href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-display-list-of-modules-or-device-drivers-in-the-linux-kernel/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">lsmod</a> command to obtain list of loaded modules.</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">modinfo</code> extracts information from the Linux Kernel modules given on the command line. This is not just useful to find out about information about loaded modules but it can be used to identify modules inserted by crackers/hackers (try less /proc/modules). Also following is a good way to verify output reported by ps ax :</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">ps</span><span class="kv"> ax | wc -l
</span>77
</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">ls</span><span class="kv"> -d /proc/* | grep [0-9]|wc -l
</span>78
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Usually rootkit will install their own ps command, which hides kernel modules. If second output is larger than the first (ps ax) command output take a closer look at your server.</p>
<p>Back to our main question, the modinfo command outputs following information for each module:<br />
=&gt; Module Author<br />
=&gt; Module description<br />
=&gt; License<br />
=&gt; Parameter and filename</p>
<h3 id="task-display-list-of-modules">Task: Display list of modules</h3>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">lsmod</span><span class="kv">
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">less</span><span class="kv"> /proc/modules
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="task-display-information-about-ide-cd-module">Task: Display information about ide-cd module</h3>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">/sbin/modinfo</span><span class="kv"> ide-cd
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Output:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text">filename: /lib/modules/2.6.8-2-686/kernel/drivers/ide/ide-cd.ko
description: ATAPI CD-ROM Driver
license: GPL
vermagic: 2.6.8-2-686 preempt 686 gcc-3.3
depends: ide-core,cdrom</code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="task-display-information-about-rt61-module">Task: Display information about rt61 module</h3>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">/sbin/modinfo</span><span class="kv"> rt61
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Output:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text">filename: /lib/modules/2.6.8-2-686/kernel/net/wireless/rt61.ko
author: Paul Lin
description: RT61 Wireless Lan Linux Driver
vermagic: 2.6.8-2-686 preempt 686 gcc-3.3
depends:
alias: pci:v00001814d00000301sv*sd*bc*sc*i*
alias: pci:v00001814d00000302sv*sd*bc*sc*i*
alias: pci:v00001814d00000401sv*sd*bc*sc*i*</code></pre></figure>
<p>You can load modules automatically during Linux system boot sequence by adding a module name to <a href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-how-to-load-a-kernel-module-automatically-at-boot-time/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">/etc/modules.conf (Red Hat and friends) or /etc/modules</a> (Debian / Ubuntu Linux) file.</p>The modinfo extracts information from the Linux Kernel modules given on the command line. This is not just useful to find out about information about loaded modules but it can be used to identify modules inserted by crackers/hackers (try less /proc/modules).Change Mod1 key to the Windows key in DWM config.h2018-10-28T15:54:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/change-mod1-key-to-the-windows-key-in-configh-file<p>Dwm’s documentation refers to Mod1 as the modifier key that you must press to issue commands to it. On most keyboards, Mod1 is mapped to the left Alt key. Most new keyboards now come equipped with the <em>Windows</em> key. Since no known UNIX/X applications are known to use the Windows key, it is an excellent alternative mapping to issue commands to dwm.</p>
<p>In config.h, under the comment <code class="highlighter-rouge">/* key definitions */</code>, you can find the line</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#define MODKEY Mod1Mask</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>In order to change dwm’s modifier key to the Windows key, you can simply change its value definition to Mod4Mask.</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#define MODKEY Mod4Mask</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>The following patch also produces the same result:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text">--- a/config.def.h Sun Jul 27 03:34:57 2008 +0100
+++ b/config.def.h Sun Jul 27 23:04:57 2008 +0100
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
};
/* key definitions */
-#define MODKEY Mod1Mask
+#define MODKEY Mod4Mask
#define TAGKEYS(KEY,TAG) \
{ MODKEY, KEY, view, {.ui = 1 &lt;&lt; TAG} }, \
{ MODKEY|ControlMask, KEY, toggleview, {.ui = 1 &lt;&lt; TAG} }, \</code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="can-i-use-any-other-modifier-key">Can I use any other modifier key?</h3>
<p>Yes. There are 5 modifiers, Mod1Mask to Mod5Mask. They are associated to up-to three keysyms (keycodes) from the X window server. To show the current association on your keyboard, run <code class="highlighter-rouge">xmodmap</code> with no arguments. It will show something like:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text">$ xmodmap
xmodmap: up to 3 keys per modifier, (keycodes in parentheses):
shift Shift_L (0x32), Shift_R (0x3e)
lock Caps_Lock (0x42)
control Control_L (0x25), Control_R (0x6d)
mod1 Alt_L (0x40), Alt_L (0x7d), Meta_L (0x9c)
mod2 Num_Lock (0x4d)
mod3
mod4 Super_L (0x7f), Hyper_L (0x80)
mod5 Mode_switch (0x5d), ISO_Level3_Shift (0x7c)</code></pre></figure>
<p>Using <code class="highlighter-rouge">xev</code>, a utility to show X events, such as key presses, we can quickly identify which keysym (keycode) combination a particular key has, and associate that to a modifier using <code class="highlighter-rouge">xmodmap</code>.</p>
<h4 id="references">References:</h4>
<p><a href="http://suckless.org" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">suckless.org community</a><br />
<a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dwm" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dwm</a></p>Dwm’s documentation refers to Mod1 as the modifier key that you must press to issue commands to it. On most keyboards, Mod1 is mapped to the left Alt key. Most new keyboards now come equipped with the Windows key&#8230;How to chroot into linux distro on disk when you can’t boot via grub2018-10-26T14:43:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/chroot-into-linux-distro-on-disk-when-you-cant-boot-via-grub<h3 id="this-will-restore-your-grub-startup-menu">This will restore your grub startup menu</h3>
<p><small class="text-muted"><em>(Apply to debian and derivatives)</em></small></p>
<p>Assumption 1: Your distro is installed on <em>/dev/sda1</em> but is not accessible via grub. <br />
Assumption 2: <em>/dev/sda1</em> is the root partition, and you do not have a separate boot partition. <br />
Goal: reinstall grub in mbr of <em>/dev/sda</em>:</p>
<h4 id="instructions">Instructions</h4>
<p>Boot from livecd or usb, then in the terminal window enter:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> su
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">TARGET=/media/sda1</span><span class="kv">
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">mkdir</span><span class="kv"> -p $TARGET
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">mount</span><span class="kv"> /dev/sda1 $TARGET
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">mount</span><span class="kv"> --bind /dev $TARGET/dev
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">mount</span><span class="kv"> --bind /dev/pts $TARGET/dev/pts
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">mount</span><span class="kv"> --bind /proc $TARGET/proc
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">mount</span><span class="kv"> --bind /sys $TARGET/sys
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">cp</span><span class="kv"> /etc/resolv.conf $TARGET/etc/
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">chroot</span><span class="kv"> $TARGET /bin/bash</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>This places you in a root terminal on the linux system<br />
Do whatever you want to do there, e.g. re-install grub</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">grub-install</span><span class="kv"> /dev/sda
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">update-grub</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>To exit from chroot:<br />
Press control-D or enter exit</p>
<p>This brings you back to where you were in the live session and you can unmount</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">umount</span><span class="kv"> -l $TARGET/dev/pts
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">umount</span><span class="kv"> -l $TARGET/dev
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">umount</span><span class="kv"> -l $TARGET/proc
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">umount</span><span class="kv"> -l $TARGET/sys
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Thats it…</p>
<p>Reboot into the your linux distro system on disk.</p>
<p>Edit1: Replaced ‘/usr/bin/bash’ by ‘/bin/bash’.<br />
Edit2: Start with defining TARGET, and reference it in all subsequent lines.<br />
Edit3: Use sudo su in stead of sudo.<br />
Edit4: cp /etc/resolv.conf into the chroot to make apt-get possible.</p>
<h4 id="reference">Reference</h4>
<p><a href="http://crunchbanglinux.org/forums/post/225409/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">http://crunchbanglinux.org/forums/post/225409/</a></p>Assumption 1: Your distro is installed on /dev/sda1 but is not accessible via grub. Assumption 2: /dev/sda1 is the root partition, and you do not have a separate boot partition. Goal: reinstall grub in mbr of /dev/sda&#8230;Inductor Color Code Guide2018-10-24T20:56:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/inductor-color-code-guide<p>This will be a simple guide to reading inductor color codes.</p>
<p>The color codes for inductors are identical to that of a resistor so if you are familiar with resistors this should be very easy.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-24-inductor-color-code-guide/inductor-color-table.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-24-inductor-color-code-guide/inductor-color-table.png" alt="color-code-table" /></a>
</p>
<p>The tricky part is remembering the results from this will be in <strong>microHenrys</strong>, not just Henrys.</p>
<p>First break down the bands. The last band is the tolerance, and the band right before that is the multiplier. The other bands are the numbers</p>
<p>So the easiest way will be to show an example. Say we have the colors BROWN, ORANGE, BROWN, BLACK</p>
<p>They would mean the inductor has a value of:</p>
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="text-center" width="40%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>BROWN</td>
<td>ORANGE</td>
<td>BROWN</td>
<td>BLACK</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>X10</td>
<td>+/-20%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>So we have 13 x 10 +/-20%,</p>
<p>meaning out inductance is 130 micro Henrys with a 20 percent tolerance, or in other words, our actual inductance can be anywhere between 104 and 156 micro Henrys.</p>
<p>Pretty straight forward, you can find some online interactive tutorials for practice, but you should pick it up pretty quickly</p>
<hr />
<h3 id="four-band-standard-eia-colour-code-for-inductors">Four Band Standard EIA Colour Code For Inductors.</h3>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-24-inductor-color-code-guide/inductor-color-code.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-24-inductor-color-code-guide/inductor-color-code.png" alt="inductor-color-code" /></a>
</p>
<p>Therefore value = 27 x10 = 270µH +/-20%</p>
<div class="table-responsive">
<center><table class="text-center" width="80%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="1"><tbody><tr> <th>Band</th> <th>1</th> <th>2</th> <th>3</th> <th>4</th></tr><tr> <th>Meaning</th> <th>1<sup>st</sup> Digit</th> <th>2<sup>nd</sup> Digit</th> <th>Multiplier (No. of zeros)</th> <th>Tolerance %</th></tr> <tr> <td>Gold</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td style="background:#a09000; color:white">x 0.1 (divide by 10)</td> <td style="background:#a09000; color:white">+/-5%</td></tr><tr> <td>Silver</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td style="background:silver;">x 0.01 (divide by 100)</td> <td style="background:silver;">+/-10%</td></tr><tr> <td>Black</td> <td style="background:black;color:white">0</td> <td style="background:black;color:white">0</td> <td style="background:black;color:white">x1 (No Zeros)</td> <td style="background:black;color:white">+/-20%</td></tr> <tr> <td>Brown</td> <td style="background:maroon; color:white">1</td> <td style="background:maroon; color:white">1</td> <td style="background:maroon; color:white">x10 (0)</td> <td>&nbsp;</td></tr> <tr> <td>Red</td> <td style="background:red;">2</td> <td style="background:red;">2</td> <td style="background:red;">x100 (00)</td> <td>&nbsp;</td></tr> <tr> <td>Orange</td> <td style="background:orange;">3</td> <td style="background:orange;">3</td> <td style="background:orange;">x1000 (000)</td> <td>&nbsp;</td></tr> <tr> <td>Yellow</td> <td style="background:yellow;">4</td> <td style="background:yellow;">4</td> <td style="background:yellow;">x10000 (0,000)</td> <td>&nbsp;</td></tr> <tr> <td>Green</td> <td style="background:green; color:white">5</td> <td style="background:green; color:white">5</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td></tr> <tr> <td>Blue</td> <td style="background:blue; color:white">6</td> <td style="background:blue; color:white">6</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td></tr> <tr> <td>Violet</td> <td style="background:violet;">7</td> <td style="background:violet;">7</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td></tr> <tr> <td>Grey</td> <td style="background:grey; color:white">8</td> <td style="background:grey; color:white">8</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td></tr> <tr> <td>White</td> <td>9</td> <td>9</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td></tr></tbody></table></center>
</div>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> If no Band 4 is used, tolerance is also +/-20%</p>
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<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/inductor-color-code-guide/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>This will be a simple guide to reading inductor color codes. The color codes for inductors are identical to that of a resistor so if you are familiar with resistors this should be very easy. 2-pages.Make Bootable CD using K3b Make Bootable CD using K3b2018-10-22T22:09:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/make-bootable-cd-using-k3b-make-bootable-cd-using-k3b<p>There have been a lot of questions on forums on the internet on how to make a bootable CD using debian. I am here to tell you that it can be done using K3b. Lets get to work.
<!--more--></p>
<p>First thing you will need to do is install K3b if you don’t already have it installed. To install K3b type the following in a terminal:</p>
<p><strong>debian jessie and earlier</strong></p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> apt-get install k3b
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>This will install K3b and the MP3 plugin. If you have these installed then skip this step.</p>
<ol>
<li>Download the DOS Boot Image <a href="https://mega.nz/#!JVMgRDSa!xdmPUSc0Bo0363GFf8Xquu5_r2NE18KS7pjrMVZAu6E" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">file here</a>. Save the .zip file to your hard drive and decompress the .IMA file contained in the archive.</li>
<li>Start up K3b.</li>
<li>Click "New Data CD Project"</li>
<li>Click the button "Edit the boot images of this project to make it bootable.". This particular button is 3 buttons over from the "Burn" button.</li>
<li>This will bring up the "Edit Boot Images" window.</li>
<li>Click the "New..." button.</li>
<li>This will bring up the "Please Choose Boot Image" window. </li>
<li>Navigate to where you saved the DosBootimage.IMA file and click "Open".</li>
<li>You will now see and entry in the "Edit Boot Images" window. The entry will look like this:
<ul>
<li>Emulation Type is floppy</li>
<li>Local Path is pointing to the file.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Hit the "Ok" button.</li>
<li>Drag and drop other files as you wish into your project.</li>
<li>Hit the "Burn" button.</li>
<li>After the burn process is done the CD is now bootable!!!!!!!</li>
</ol>
<p>This image contains a few goodies like fdisk and format. You have now created a bootable CD in a completely open source environment. Proof positive that anything Windows can do Ubuntu can so as well!!!!!</p>
<p>I hope this helps.</p>There have been a lot of questions on forums on the internet on how to make a bootable CD using debian. I am here to tell you that it can be done using K3b. Lets get to work.Accessing raw partitions with VMDK2018-10-20T17:47:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/accessing-raw-partitions-with-vmdk<p>I’m trying to access my XP partition with VirtualBox 1.4. The XP partition is on /dev/sda2 and I’d like to access /dev/sda6 as well (documents). I’ve looked in the manual and it seems that the command I need to issue to create the appropriate VMDK file is:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">VBoxManage</span><span class="kv"> internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename /home/user/.VirtualBox/WinXP.vmdk -rawdisk /dev/sda -partitions 2,6 -relative -register
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>When I do this I get:</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">Error opening the raw disk: VERR_ACCESS_DENIED</code></p>
<p>If I add “sudo” in front of the command then it works and the VMDK file is created in /home/user/.VirtualBox/ However when I launch VirtualBox I get a message that tells me this virtual disk is not currently accessible. If I look in virtual disk manager I can see WinXP.vmdk but it has a yellow tag on it.</p>
<p>/dev/sda2 is the partition where XP is installed</p>
<p>/dev/sda6 contains /home (it is also where the vmdk file is stored and this is the partition that I’d like to make accessible to both host and guest)</p>
<p>I also try to remove the /dev/sda6 from the command:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename /home/user/.VirtualBox/WinXP.vmdk -rawdisk /dev/sda -partitions 2 -relative -register
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>but I still get the same results…<br />
Is this because I created the VMDK as root (sudo)??<br />
Any idea?</p>
<p><strong>solution:</strong></p>
<p>Postby achimha » 7. Jun 2007, 08:40<br />
You have to change the permissions on /dev/sda2 and /dev/sda6 so that the VirtualBox user can read and write to it.</p>
<p>When creating the VMDK as root, make sure to change owner/permissions so that VirtualBox can access it. Note that creating the VMDK also needs read access to /dev/sda (for the boot sector) so doing this as root is the best solution.</p>
<p>Postby zyzgak » 7. Jun 2007, 12:53<br />
I have similar problem. I’m trying to access my linux partition under XP:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>D:\xxx\pc\VirtualBox&gt;VBoxManage internalcommands listpartitions -rawdisk \\.\Phys
icalDrive1
VirtualBox Command Line Management Interface Version 1.4.0
(C) 2005-2007 innotek GmbH
All rights reserved.
Number Type StartCHS EndCHS Size (MiB) Start (Sect)
1 0x83 0 /1 /1 1023/254/63 16386 63
5 0x07 1023/1 /1 1023/254/63 131006 33559848
6 0x07 1023/1 /1 1023/254/63 131077 301861413
D:\xxx\pc\VirtualBox&gt;VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename d:\test1
.vmdk -rawdisk \\.\PhysicalDrive1 -partitions 1
VirtualBox Command Line Management Interface Version 1.4.0
(C) 2005-2007 innotek GmbH
All rights reserved.
ERROR: VMDK: could not create new partition data file 'd:\test1-pt.vmdk'
Error code VERR_SHARING_VIOLATION at E:\vbox\w32-rel\src\VBox\Devices\Storage\Vmd
kHDDCore.cpp(2228) in function vmdkCreateImage
Error while creating the raw disk VMDK: VERR_SHARING_VIOLATION
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Could somebody point my error? Or, if i have get privileges to access to that partition, how can i achieve this under XP?</p>
<p>Postby kilou » 7. Jun 2007, 13:16<br />
Achimha, how do you change the permissions on /dev/sda2 and /dev/sda6?</p>
<p>My fstab file looks like:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>/dev/sda6 /home ext3 defaults 0 2
/dev/sda2 /windows ntfs defaults,nls<span class="o">=</span>utf8,umask<span class="o">=</span>007,gid<span class="o">=</span>46 0 1
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Postby achimha » 7. Jun 2007, 13:23<br />
You should not mount those partitions on your host. There must not by any concurrent access.</p>
<p>Use chmod on /dev/sda2 and /dev/sda6 to adjust the permissions.</p>
<p>Postby kilou » 7. Jun 2007, 13:35<br />
chmod seems to be for files and folders only, not for entire partition. And since /dev/sda2 (where windows is installed) is a Ntfs partition, I guess linux can’t change the permission since Ntfs is read-only on linux (except if a specific driver is installed).</p>
<p>All I could find to change the permission is to modify fstab entry for /dev/sda2 and add “uid=1000”……but this means that the xp partition would need to be mounted in linux (this would be required to run chmod as well) :?</p>
<p>I’m a bit confused on how to do that.</p>
<p>Postby moonlight » 7. Jun 2007, 14:44<br />
There is difference between permissions for file system of partition and permissions for partitions itself. Chmod may also work with whole sda</p>
<p>Postby kilou » 7. Jun 2007, 15:14<br />
Can you post an example of the chmod command to issue to set full access permission to /dev/sda2? Does this work also if /dev/sda2 is NTFS?</p>
<!--paginator-->
<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/accessing-raw-partitions-with-vmdk/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>I'm trying to access my XP partition with VirtualBox 1.4. The XP partition is on /dev/sda2 and I'd like to access /dev/sda6 as well (documents). I've looked in the manual and it seems that the command I need to issue to create the appropriate VMDK&#8230; 2-pages.Move Windows XP Hard Drive or Change Motherboard Without Getting a Blue Screen STOP 7B Error2018-10-18T16:44:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen<p>There are 2 different Boot CD’s that can do this for you, <a href="https://www.raymond.cc/blog/latest-hirens-bootcd-v83-the-king-of-all-boot-cds/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Hiren’s Boot CD</a> (v10.2 and newer) and <a href="https://www.raymond.cc/blog/backup-files-from-dead-windows-using-linux-live-cd/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Ultimate Boot CD 4 Windows</a> (UBCD4Win). The Hiren method is easier because it doesn’t require any software to be installed on your system or a Windows XP install CD. Here are the instructions for both, you obviously need access to a working system for this to work.</p>
<h3 id="using-hirens-boot-cd">Using Hiren’s Boot CD</h3>
<p>1. <strong><a href="https://www.raymond.cc/blog/download/did/49/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Download Hiren’s Boot CD</a></strong> and <a href="https://www.raymond.cc/blog/how-to-burn-images-on-a-cddvd/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">burn the ISO to a CD</a> if you don’t have it already. Alternatively <a href="https://www.raymond.cc/blog/how-to-put-hirens-bootcd-on-flash-memory/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">write Hiren to a bootable USB flash drive</a>.</p>
<p>2. Boot up the computer with Hiren. You need to go into the BIOS to change the boot sequence if your computer can’t boot up the computer with a CD, or press a hotkey such as F11 to reach the boot device selection dialog.</p>
<p>3. Select the second option down, “Mini Windows XP” from the menu and load Mini XP.</p>
<p>4. Once loaded, click on the Hiren menu icon in the system tray and go to Registry -&gt; “Fix hard disk controller (fix_hdc.cmd)”.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/hiren-fixhdc-menu.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/hiren-fixhdc-menu.png" alt="hiren-fixhdc-menu" /></a>
</p>
<p>5. Press the T key, then enter and type in the TargetRoot folder. The default would be C:\Windows but might be different on multiboot systems, in which case you would need to check in Windows Explorer what the correct drive letter is.</p>
<p>6. Hit the <strong>M</strong> key on your keyboard to select Update MassStorage drivers and press enter.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/hiren-fixhdc-window.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/hiren-fixhdc-window.png" alt="hiren-fixhdc-window" /></a>
</p>
<p>7. When it’s finished, press any key to continue and restart the computer.</p>
<h3 id="using-ubcd4win">Using UBCD4Win</h3>
<p>1. <strong><a href="https://www.raymond.cc/blog/download/did/50/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Download latest UBCD4Win</a></strong> and install.</p>
<p>2. Launch UBCD4Win from the Desktop or Start Menu.</p>
<p>3. Insert an original Windows XP CD into the CD/DVD drive and select the source. To confirm that the source is correct, click on Source from the menu bar and select Check.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/ubcd4win1.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/ubcd4win1.png" alt="ubcd4win1" /></a>
</p>
<p>4. If your computer can burn CD’s, select Burn to CD/DVD and click the Build button. If it can’t, select Create ISO image and once it has completed creating the ISO image, copy it to a computer that can burn CD’s and burn it.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/ubcd4win2.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/ubcd4win2.png" alt="ubcd4win2" /></a>
</p>
<p>5. Boot up the computer with UBCD4Win. You need to go BIOS to change the boot sequence if your computer can’t boot up the computer with a CD.</p>
<p>6. Select Launch “The Ultimate Boot CD for Windows” from the UBCD4Win menu and wait for it to load. You can select No when asked to start network support.</p>
<p>7. Click Start -&gt; Programs -&gt; Registry Tools -&gt; Fix_hdc -&gt; Fix hard disk controller.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/ubcd4winfixhdc.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/ubcd4winfixhdc.png" alt="ubcd4winfixhdc" /></a>
</p>
<p>8. Hit the <b>M</b> key on your keyboard to select Update MassStorage drivers.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/ubcd4winfixhdc2.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-18-move-windows-xp-hd-drive-motherboard-without-getting-blue-screen/ubcd4winfixhdc2.png" alt="ubcd4winfixhdc2" /></a>
</p>
<p>9. When it’s finished, press any key to continue and restart the computer.</p>
<p>Good luck and hopefully that you are now able to move Windows XP hard drive to another computer with either of the methods above.</p>
<p>These days there is another way to achieve a similar result which is through backup software such Acronis TrueImage and <a href="https://www.raymond.cc/blog/easeus-todo-backup-free-disk-imaging-software-norton-ghost-alternative/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">EaseUs Todo Backup</a>. These programs are able to restore backups to dissimilar hardware meaning you can move an image from one computer to a system with a completely different set of hardware. The hard drive controller is automatically switched to the Microsoft default driver during the transfer, so the computer should boot straight up without the need for a <a href="https://www.raymond.cc/blog/a-huge-list-of-all-linux-bsd-and-windows-livecds-and-livedvds/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">third party boot CD</a>.</p>There are 2 different Boot CD’s that can do this for you, Hiren’s Boot CD (v10.2 and newer) and Ultimate Boot CD 4 Windows (UBCD4Win). The Hiren method is easier because it doesn’t require any software to be installed on your system or a Windows XP install CD.How to Add Featured Images or Thumbnails in Blogger2018-10-16T16:05:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-add-featured-images-or-thumbnails-in-blogger<p>Featured images better known as post thumbnails are a popular feature that every blogger adores to have in his Blogger Template. Today most of the quality Blogger templates support custom post thumbnails functionality. Some popular Blogger development websites like <a href="http://www.mybloggerlab.com/2012/12/releasing-templateism-hub-of-quality-blogger-templates.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Templateism</a> and <a href="http://themeforest.net/?ref=FosterZone" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Themeforest</a> have some standards of keeping this feature must.</p>
<p>However, some new developers as well as users don’t have any idea how to setup a feature image or post thumbnail in Blogger. Therefore, in this article, we will be providing a method to successfully display a feature image thumbnail in blogger.</p>
<p>You may have notice that all most the majority of the blogger templates takes the first image from a post and displays it as a feature post thumbnail on homepage and archive pages. Sometimes users want to have an ability to customize those Featured Images or Post Thumbnails in Blogger. Mostly themes have a built-in summary feature that does the most the job pretty much accurately but it doesn’t let you set up a feature image or post thumbnail of your choice. Even if you are able to setup a feature image it does not gives same efficient results that WordPress blog does.</p>
<h4 id="beginners-guide-to-feature-post-thumbnail-in-blogger">Beginners Guide to Feature Post thumbnail in Blogger:</h4>
<p>Before getting started with the tutorial, I would recommend you to <a href="http://helplogger.blogspot.com/2012/03/auto-read-more-with-thumbnail-for.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">setup automatic post summery</a> script for blogger so that you can easily setup a feature image through a minor tweak that we will be discussing below.</p>
<p>To add a feature image in blogger posts, simply go to Blogger ›› New Posts ›› and click “<strong>Upload Image</strong>” button which will open up a image uploading wizard. You can use that to upload any image from your computer or you can also add an existing image from your Picasa image library.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-16-how-to-add-featured-images-or-thumbnails-in-blogger/picasa-images.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-16-how-to-add-featured-images-or-thumbnails-in-blogger/picasa-images.png" alt="picasa-images" /></a>
</p>
<p>After uploading the image select “Edit HTML” tab from the top left corner and copy the complete URL of the image which would somewhat look like as it can be seen below:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-16-how-to-add-featured-images-or-thumbnails-in-blogger/image-url.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-16-how-to-add-featured-images-or-thumbnails-in-blogger/image-url.png" alt="image-url" /></a>
</p>
<p>People want an ability to display feature image or post thumbnail only on achieve and homepage that appears along with the post except (summery). They don’t want to have the feature image to be shown on the same post when viewer opted to view it. Now to make it possible, paste the following piece of coding at the very top of the “Blogger post Editor” through “Edit HTML” tab.<br />
<i><b>Remember:</b> Do not forget to replace the image-here with the URL of your image that you would like to show as feature image or post thumbnail</i></p>
<div class="language-html highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;img</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"image-here"</span> <span class="na">style=</span><span class="s">"display:none;"</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Once everything is done, publish your post by pressing “Publish” button. We hope this article have helped you in learning the technique to add feature image or post thumbnail in Blogger. if you have any questions or problems regarding this topic, please do not hesitate to leave your suggestions below in the comments.</p>Featured images better known as post thumbnails are a popular feature that every blogger adores to have in his Blogger Template. Today most of the quality Blogger templates support custom post thumbnails functionality. Some popular Blogger development&#8230;How to Use Windows Network Diagnostics to Repair Network Issues in Windows 72018-10-14T17:08:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7<p>One morning you are working flawlessly on your computer with all the network connectivity working seamlessly, and the next morning all of a sudden you notice a yellow exclamation mark on your network connectivity icon with a message saying “Windows was unable to connect to the specific network”.</p>
<p>Ever faced this situation?</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/unable-to-connect.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/unable-to-connect.png" alt="unable-to-connect" /></a>
</p>
<p>All these issues can be pretty frustrating at times if you have no clue about networking. Fortunately, Windows 7 comes with a built-in Network Diagnostics tool that can be used to repair a troubling network connection.</p>
<p>To start the diagnostic click on Start button and type in <strong>fix network</strong> in the search box. You’ll see a bunch of options showing up. Click on the one that says <strong>Find and fix networking and connection problems</strong>.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/fix-network.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/fix-network.png" alt="fix-network" /></a>
</p>
<p>Once the troubleshooting window appears, click on advance option and run the program again as an administrator. You may also check <strong>apply repairs automatically</strong> if you want to solve the problem without any interruption.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/internet-troubleshoot.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/internet-troubleshoot.png" alt="internet-troubleshoot" /></a>
</p>
<p>Select the type of connection you want to diagnose for troubleshooting and click on next. Windows will now try to find problem with the network connectivity.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/detecting-problems.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/detecting-problems.png" alt="detecting-problems" /></a>
</p>
<p>Windows network diagnostics is very effective for common network problems like <strong>DNS or Proxy troubleshoot</strong> and the chance of finding a solution is good enough but if the tool fails to find any effective solution to your problem you can take either of the following steps.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/solution.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/solution.png" alt="solution" /></a>
</p>
<p>You can either contact Microsoft online support and get your problem solved or use system restore tool to restore your computer to an earlier time before all the problem started or call your local tech guy and let him have a look at your networking issues as a final resort.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/options-available.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-14-windows-network-diagnostics-to-repair-network-issues-windows-7/options-available.png" alt="options-available" /></a>
</p>
<h4 id="my-verdict">My Verdict</h4>
<p>Windows Network Diagnostics tool is a decent approach to find and fix common network problems. It must be used before you call anyone for help. Believe me, it can also save you from one those embarrassing situations when you called up the guy to fix the problem and he just came in and changes the IP address or computer name in case of a conflict and charge you a good sum of money as a service charge.</p>One morning you are working flawlessly on your computer with all the network connectivity working seamlessly, and the next morning all of a sudden you notice a yellow exclamation mark on your network connectivity icon with a message&#8230;Sets volume via command line2018-10-12T12:30:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/sets-volume-via-command-line<p>This will increase the volume by 2 decibels on the pcm channel. the argument to -c is for which sound card to use, the arg after set is the channel (PCM, Master, etc.) and what to set by. Related commands:</p>
<h4 id="adjusts-the-master-channels-volume-up-by-2db">Adjusts the ‘Master’ channel’s volume up by 2dB</h4>
<p>Can use command ‘amixer’ to see other channels:</p>
<p><strong>simple mixer control ‘Master’,0</strong></p>
<p>or</p>
<p><strong>simple mixer control ‘Capture’,0</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">amixer</span><span class="kv"> -c 0 set PCM 2dB+</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Use to volume down</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">amixer</span><span class="kv"> -c 0 set PCM 2dB-</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Or</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">amixer</span><span class="kv"> sset PCM 10%-
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">amixer</span><span class="kv"> sset PCM 10%+
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>This will decrease volume by 2 decibels</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">amixer</span><span class="kv"> -c 0 set PCM toggle
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>To toggle mute/unmute</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">(amixer</span><span class="kv"> get Master | grep off &gt; /dev/null &amp;&amp; amixer -q set Master unmute) || amixer -q set Master mute</span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="this-is-for-alsa-systems">This is for alsa systems</h3>
<p>For mac os (and maybe other UNIX systems) <code class="highlighter-rouge">osascript -e 'set Volume *'</code> where * is any number (can have decimal points) between 0 and 10</p>
<p>Pulseaudio-ctl: vol+/- and mute from the shell or shortcut keys? :-)</p>
<p>This is much better then the amixer solution <strong>(amixer -D pulse sset Master 5%+)</strong>, it lets me set the volume above 100% and with bad notebook speakers thats priceless</p>
<p>Glad you’re finding it useful. Enjoy! :)</p>This will increase the volume by 2 decibels on the pcm channel. the argument to -c is for which sound card to use, the arg after set is the channel (PCM, Master, etc.) and what to set by. Related commands&#8230;How to get CNAME record for next time if you lost it2018-10-10T19:22:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-get-cname-record-for-next-time-if-you-lost-it<p>CNAME record is important for adding the custom domain in your blogger blog URL. To redirect blogger subdomain (yoursite.blogspot.com) to you registered custom domain (yoursite.com) it required to add CNAME entries to your domain DNS of your domain registrar account. You will easy find CNAME record first time when you will try to add custom domain on blogger where first CNAME is same for all blogspot account and second CNAME is unique for the account and for the domain.</p>
<p>But if you lost it then how to get that unique CNAME record next time? Let’s see how to get that unique cname record next time after you lost it. At first you have to go google webmaster verification section. You can go there by <a href="https://www.google.com/webmasters/verification/home" target="_blank">this link</a>. After login on your webmaster account with same&nbsp;gmail acccount&nbsp;you used to create blog, you will see there your all blogs and domains you added on your blogspot&nbsp;blog.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-10-how-to-get-cname-record-for-next-time-if-you-lost-it/goole-webmaster-techyshout.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-10-how-to-get-cname-record-for-next-time-if-you-lost-it/goole-webmaster-techyshout.png" alt="goole-webmaster-techyshout" /></a>
</p>
<p>Then click on Verification details on the right for that domain you want to get CNAME. After click verification details you will be redirected to next page. In the bottom of that page you will see Verified owners section.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-10-how-to-get-cname-record-for-next-time-if-you-lost-it/goole-webmaster-domain-verify-techyshout.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-10-how-to-get-cname-record-for-next-time-if-you-lost-it/goole-webmaster-domain-verify-techyshout.png" alt="goole-webmaster-domain-verify-techyshout" /></a>
</p>
<p>In the below verified owners section you will see your email address you used for that blog and in right hand side you will see Verification details like at image. When you click on it you will get a popup page with your blog unique CNAME record like below:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-10-how-to-get-cname-record-for-next-time-if-you-lost-it/verified-cname-techyshout.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-10-how-to-get-cname-record-for-next-time-if-you-lost-it/verified-cname-techyshout.png" alt="verified-cname-techyshout" /></a>
</p>
<p>In this popup page id in left is host and id in right is point to address. Now you just copy your unique and add it again on your domain service provider account. Now your domain is pointed on your Blogspot blog.</p>
<p>Hope you are now able to get your existing CNAME record if you lost it. Happy Blogging.</p>
<p><a href="http://techyshout.com/get-cname-record-for-next-time/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Source</a></p>CNAME record is important for adding the custom domain in your blogger blog URL. To redirect blogger subdomain (yoursite.blogspot.com) to you registered custom domain (yoursite.com) it required to add CNAME entries to your domain DNS of your domain registrar&#8230;Installation Flash Player Linux debian2018-10-08T23:07:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/installation-flash-player-linux-debian<p>Adobe Flash Player is a multimedia platform used to add animation, video, and interactivity to Web pages. Flash is frequently used for advertisements and games.
<!--more--></p>
<p>This web page describes how to install the Adobe Flash Player, formerly known as the Macromedia Flash Player, on Debian systems. This page serves as the homepage of the Debian package <a href="https://packages.debian.org/flashplugin-nonfree" target="_blank">flashplugin-nonfree</a>.</p>
<h3 id="end-user-license-agreement-of-the-adobe-flash-player">End User License Agreement of the Adobe Flash Player</h3>
<p>The newest versions of the Debian package <a href="https://packages.debian.org/flashplugin-nonfree" target="_blank">flashplugin-nonfree</a> have this warning in the package description:</p>
<p class="text-warning">WARNING: Installing this Debian package causes the<br />
Adobe Flash Player to be downloaded from www.adobe.com.<br />
The End User License Agreement of the Adobe Flash Player<br />
is available at www.adobe.com.</p>
<h3 id="installation">Installation</h3>
<ol>
<li>
<p>Ensure your <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/apt/sources.list</code> file includes the contrib section ( for more information see sources.list )</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Install flashplugin-nonfree (from section contrib):</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p><small class="text-muted"><em>Any commands with a # at the start means “as root”.</em><small></small></small></p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="update">Update</h3>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># update-flashplugin-nonfree --status</span>
<span class="c"># update-flashplugin-nonfree --install</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="uninstall">Uninstall</h3>
<p>How to Uninstall the Adobe Flash Player, and the flashplugin-nonfree package:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># update-flashplugin-nonfree --uninstall</span>
<span class="c"># apt-get remove flashplugin-nonfree</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="supported-browsers-in-debian">Supported browsers in Debian</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Arora</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Galeon</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Iceweasel</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Konqueror (if Netscape plugins support is present)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Opera &gt;= 9.50 beta 1</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>… and more.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="unsupported-browsers">Unsupported browsers</h3>
<ul><li><p>Chromium</p></li></ul>
<p><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/FlashPlayer" target="_blank">Source</a></p>Adobe Flash Player is a multimedia platform used to add animation, video, and interactivity to Web pages. Flash is frequently used for advertisements and games.Confessions of a Windows 7 “pirate”2018-10-06T20:30:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/confessions-of-a-windows7-pirate<p><strong>I’ve been hanging out with a bad crowd lately.</strong></p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-06-confessions-of-a-windows7-pirate/win7pirate-300x222.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-06-confessions-of-a-windows7-pirate/win7pirate-300x222.png" alt="win7pirate" /></a>
</p>
<p>In the interest of research, I’ve been digging into message boards and forums run by unabashed Windows enthusiasts who are intent on breaking Microsoft’s activation technology. I’ve had these forums bookmarked for years and stop in every once in a while just to see what’s new. This time I decided to drop by and actually try some of tools and utilities to see if I could become a pirate, too.</p>
<p><strong>Unfortunately, I succeeded.</strong></p>
<p>In this post, I’ll share my experiences, including close encounters with some very nasty malware and some analysis on how the latest showdown between Microsoft and the pirates is likely to play out.</p>
<p>You won’t find names or direct links here—although these guys seem like genuine enthusiasts, I have no intention of giving them any free publicity. But if you’re interested in tracking down the tools I tested you should have no trouble finding them using the clues available in screenshots and descriptions here.</p>
<p>If you do intend to try this stuff out for yourself, I recommend extreme caution. My hunt for utilities that bypass Windows 7 activation technologies led me to some very seedy corners of the Internet. First, I did what any red-blooded wannabe pirate would do and tried some Google searches. Of the first 10 hits, six were inactive or had been taken down. After downloading files from the remaining four sites, I submitted them to <a href="http://virustotal.com" target="_blank">Virustotal.com</a>, where three of the four samples came back positive for nasty, difficult-to-remove Windows 7 rootkits. Here's one example:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-06-confessions-of-a-windows7-pirate/windows7pirate01rootkitsahoy.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-06-confessions-of-a-windows7-pirate/windows7pirate01rootkitsahoy.png" alt="windows7pirate01rootkitsahoy" /></a>
</p>
<p>And that experience is borne out by at least one real-world experience, which was reported, ironically, in the Talkback section of that blog. After he wrote about Microsoft's <a href="http://blogs.zdnet.com/Bott/?p=1788" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">most recent anti-piracy initiative</a> last week, one commenter (a loud, proud Linux advocate) insisted that the update opened a secret back-channel, probably as part of a plot by Microsoft to covertly gain access to its customers' PCs. A day or so later, after checking with his Windows-using friend, he returned with this sheepish admission:</p>
<blockquote><p>It turns out his iso was not a bona fide purchased copy [of Windows 7], but rather a cracked version off of the net. In all likelihood the iso was trojaned…</p></blockquote>
<p>Indeed. Which is why I exercised extraordinary caution. For my hands-on tests, I used a fresh copy of Windows 7 Ultimate, installed without a product key. I then looked at two widely distributed tools that work in completely different ways.</p>
<p><strong>Disabling Windows activation completely</strong><br />
A clever little tool called RemoveWAT not only disables Microsoft’s activation subsystem, it also installs the latest anti-piracy update from Microsoft and then disables it, too!</p>
<p><strong>Fooling Windows by tinkering with the BIOS</strong><br />
Big PC makers get to install copies of Windows that don’t require activation. Naturally, pirates soon figured out how to make any PC look like it came from one of those big factories.</p>
<p><strong>Microsoft versus the pirates</strong><br />
Pirates are clever and fast. Microsoft is highly motivated to keep its lucrative Windows revenue stream intact. Are customers going to get caught in the crossfire?</p>
<h3 id="disabling-windows-activation-checks-completely">Disabling Windows activation checks completely</h3>
<p>RemoveWAT first appeared last summer, around the time Windows 7 was released to manufacturing. The philosophy behind this small utility is simple: It disables the Windows Activation Technologies function while allowing the system to retain its Genuine status in every official check by Microsoft. The most recent version claims to work with all editions of Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2. (It does not work with Windows Vista or Windows Server 2008.)</p>
<p>I downloaded the most recent edition of RemoveWAT (v2.2.5) and verified that it was clean. The single .exe file is small (less than 7MB), and the UI is simple:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-06-confessions-of-a-windows7-pirate/windows7pirate02removewat.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-06-confessions-of-a-windows7-pirate/windows7pirate02removewat.png" alt="windows7pirate02removewat" /></a>
</p>
<p>After clicking the Remove WAT button and rebooting, I noticed a subtle but significant change in the System properties dialog box. The section describing my system’s activation status was gone. There was no sign of a Product ID or activation status. Nothing. Previously, a message in that section had told me that I had 30 days left to activate.</p>
<p>A close inspection of the <code class="highlighter-rouge">Windows\System32</code> folder explained why. RemoveWAT installed its own patched version of a crucial DLL file in the Software Licensing subsystem, Slwga.dll. Thoughtfully, the program’s developer had coded it to save a backup of the actual file so that it could be restored if necessary. (And when I tested the Restore WAT function, I found it worked just fine on my system.)</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-10-06-confessions-of-a-windows7-pirate/windows7pirate03removewatslfiles.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-10-06-confessions-of-a-windows7-pirate/windows7pirate03removewatslfiles.png" alt="windows7pirate03removewatslfiles" /></a>
</p>
<p>As far as Windows was concerned, the system was perfectly valid. I was able to download and install optional updates through Windows Update and successfully validated the system so that I could install products reserved for Genuine Windows customers. I was also able to install Microsoft Security Essentials, which performs a validation check during setup.</p>
<p>In a fitting piece of irony, the most recent version of RemoveWAT actually goes out of its way to install Microsoft’s WAT Update (KB971033-KB890830), which is designed to detect and remove tampering by programs like… well, like RemoveWAT. The pirate code remained working even when I ran the WAT update manually.</p>
<!--paginator-->
<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/confessions-of-a-windows7-pirate/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>I've been hanging out with a bad crowd lately, trying out popular hacking tools and utilities to see if I could install Windows 7 without paying for it. Unfortunately, I succeeded. 2-pages.jQuery scroll to element2018-10-04T09:37:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/jQuery-scroll-to-element<p>I have this <code class="highlighter-rouge">input</code> element:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;input</span> <span class="na">type=</span><span class="s">"text"</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"textfield"</span> <span class="na">value=</span><span class="s">""</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"subject"</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"subject"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Then I have some other elements, like other text inputs, textareas, etc.</p>
<p>When the user clicks on that <code class="highlighter-rouge">input</code> with <code class="highlighter-rouge">#subject</code>, the page should scroll to the last element of the page with a nice animation. It should be a scroll to bottom and not to top.</p>
<p>The last item of the page is a submit button with <code class="highlighter-rouge">#submit</code>:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;input</span> <span class="na">type=</span><span class="s">"submit"</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"submit"</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"submit"</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"submit"</span> <span class="na">value=</span><span class="s">"Ok, Done."</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>The animation should not be too fast and should be fluid.</p>
<p>I am running the latest jQuery version. I prefer to not install any plugin but to use the default jQuery features to achieve this.</p>
<hr />
<p>Assuming you have a button with the id <strong>‘button’</strong>, try this example:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"#button"</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">click</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">function</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'html, body'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">animate</span><span class="p">({</span>
<span class="na">scrollTop</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"#elementtoScrollToID"</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">offset</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="nx">top</span>
<span class="p">},</span> <span class="mi">2000</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">});</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>I got the code from the article <em><a href="http://abeautifulsite.net/blog/2010/01/smoothly-scroll-to-an-element-without-a-jquery-plugin/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Smoothly scroll to an element without a jQuery plugin</a></em>. And I have tested it on the example below.</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;html&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;script </span><span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.5.1/jquery.min.js"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;script&gt;</span>
<span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">ready</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">function</span> <span class="p">(){</span>
<span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"#click"</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">click</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">function</span> <span class="p">(){</span>
<span class="c1">//$(this).animate(function(){</span>
<span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'html, body'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">animate</span><span class="p">({</span>
<span class="na">scrollTop</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"#div1"</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">offset</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="nx">top</span>
<span class="p">},</span> <span class="mi">2000</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">//});</span>
<span class="p">});</span>
<span class="p">});</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/script&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"div1"</span> <span class="na">style=</span><span class="s">"height: 1000px; width 100px"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
Test
<span class="nt">&lt;/div&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;br/&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"div2"</span> <span class="na">style=</span><span class="s">"height: 1000px; width 100px"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
Test 2
<span class="nt">&lt;/div&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;button</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"click"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Click me<span class="nt">&lt;/button&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/html&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6677035/jquery-scroll-to-element" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source</a></p>When the user clicks on that input with #subject, the page should scroll to the last element of the page with a nice animation. It should be a scroll to bottom and not to top.Connect to wireless network via command line2018-10-02T21:59:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/connect-to-wireless-network-via-command-line<p>“Why would I want to have to connect to a wireless network from the command line?” To that question I can give you a simple answer.</p>
<p>But I am getting too far ahead of myself. Let’s get back to the basics shall we? First I am going to assume that your wireless card was detected by your distribution and has the proper drivers loaded. With that accomplished you will need to have the following tools:</p>
<ul>
<li>ifconfig: Enable your wireless device.</li>
<li>iwlist: List the available wireless access points.</li>
<li>iwconfig: Configure your wireless connection.</li>
<li>dhclient: Get your IP address via dhcp.</li>
</ul>
<p>The first command you need to use is ifconfig. With this command you are going to enable your wireless device. Most likely your device will be called wlan0. So in order to enable this you would enter the command (as root):</p>
<p><small class="text-muted"><em>Any commands with a # at the start means “as root”.</em><small></small></small></p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">ifconfig</span><span class="kv"> wlan0 up
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>You won’t see any feedback unless there is a problem.</p>
<p>The next step is to scan for your wireless network to make sure it is available. Do this with the following command:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">iwlist</span><span class="kv"> wlan0 scan
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>With this command you will see output like the following:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>Cell 01 - Address: 00:21:43:4E:9B:F0
ESSID:"HAIR STROBEL"
Mode:Master
Channel:5
Frequency:2.432 GHz (Channel 5)
Quality=100/100? Signal level:-45 dBm? Noise level=-95 dBm
Encryption key:on
IE: WPA Version 1
Group Cipher : TKIP
Pairwise Ciphers (1) : TKIP
Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1
Group Cipher : TKIP
Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP
Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 22 Mb/s
6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s; 24 Mb/s
36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
Extra:tsf=000002f1d9be01b7
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>So you know this network is available. From the above output you can also see this network is employing WPA2, so you will need a passkey. If you don’t know that passkey, you are out of luck (which would be the case no matter if you were using a front end in Linux, Windows, or Mac.)</p>
<p>Now it’s time to configure your connection. To do this issue the command:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">iwconfig</span><span class="kv"> wlan0 essid NETWORK_ID key WIRELESS_KEY
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Where NETWORK_ID is the ESSID of the network with which you want to connect and WIRELESS_KEY is the security key needed to connect to the wireless access point.</p>
<p>Note: iwconfig defaults to using a HEX key. If you want to use an ascii key you will have to add the “s:” prefix to your key like so:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">iwconfig</span><span class="kv"> wlan0 essid NETWORK_ID key s:WIRELESS_KEY
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Now that you have your configuration set, it’s time to get an IP address with the help of dhclient. Issue the command:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">dhclient</span><span class="kv"> wlan0
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="make-it-a-script">Make it a script</h3>
<p>Of course who wants to type out all of those commands. Instead of doing this you could create a script for this like so:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#! /bin/bash</span>
ifconfig wlan0
iwconfig wlan0 essid NETWORK_ID key WIRELESS_KEY
dhclient wlan0
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Where NETWORK_ID is the actually essid of the network and WIRELESS_KEY is the security key for that network. Save this script with the filename <strong>wireless_up.sh</strong> and then make this script executable with the command:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">chmod</span><span class="kv"> u+x wireless_up.sh</span></code></pre></figure>
<p class="text-info">You can make this a global command by placing this script in <strong>/usr/local/bin</strong>. You can now issue the command <strong>wireless_up.sh</strong> from anywhere in your directory structure and it will run, connecting you to the configured wireless access point.</p>
<p>If you frequent many wireless access points you can create a script for each one giving them each unique names. By doing this, when you need to connect to a specific access point, just run the script associated with that access point and you’re good to go.</p>
<p>Disconnecting:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> iw dev wlan0 disconnect
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> ifconfig wlan1 down
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">ip</span><span class="kv"> link set $DEVICE down
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="association">Association</h3>
<p>Depending on the encryption, you need to associate your wireless device with the access point to use and pass the encryption key:</p>
<ul>
<li><b>No encryption</b>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">iw</span><span class="kv"> dev wlan0 connect your_essid</span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li><b>WEP</b>
<ul>
<li>Using a hexadecimal or ASCII key (the format is distinguished automatically, because a WEP key has a fixed length):
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">iw</span><span class="kv"> dev wlan0 connect your_essid key 0:your_key</span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>Using a hexadecimal or ASCII key, specifying the third set up key as default (keys are counted from zero, four are possible):
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">iw</span><span class="kv"> dev wlan0 connect your_essid key d:2:your_key</span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<!--paginator-->
<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/connect-to-wireless-network-via-command-line/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>I am getting too far ahead of myself. Let's get back to the basics shall we? First I am going to assume that your wireless card was detected by your distribution and has the proper drivers loaded. 2-pages.Troubleshoot Wireless Networks by Removing their Profile in Windows 72018-09-30T21:18:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/troubleshoot-wireless-networks-removing-their-profile-windows7<p>It can happen that you start having problems with a wireless network which worked well in the past. This might be due to the fact that the its settings may have been changed accidentally or its network profile, as saved on your computer, got corrupted for some reason. In such scenarios it helps to delete the profile of your wireless network and start fresh: have Windows 7 detect it again, introduce your connection details, etc. This tutorial will show how to delete the network profile of a troublesome wireless connection.</p>
<h3 id="removing-the-troublesome-network-profile">Removing the Troublesome Network Profile</h3>
<p>Open the Network and Sharing Center in Windows 7. There, on the left side column, click on <em>“Manage wireless networks”</em>.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-30-troubleshoot-wireless-networks-removing-their-profile-windows7/rwnp1.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-30-troubleshoot-wireless-networks-removing-their-profile-windows7/rwnp1.png" alt="Wireless-Networks-img" /></a>
</p>
<p>In the <em>Manage Wireless Networks</em> window, you can see the profiles of all the wireless networks to which you connected to in the past.</p>
<p>Select the network with which you are having trouble, and click <em>Remove</em>.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-30-troubleshoot-wireless-networks-removing-their-profile-windows7/rwnp2.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-30-troubleshoot-wireless-networks-removing-their-profile-windows7/rwnp2.png" alt="Wireless-Networks2-img" /></a>
</p>
<p>Confirm that you want to remove the network profile.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-30-troubleshoot-wireless-networks-removing-their-profile-windows7/rwnp3.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-30-troubleshoot-wireless-networks-removing-their-profile-windows7/rwnp3.png" alt="Wireless-Networks3-img" /></a>
</p>
<p>The profile of the wireless network is now deleted. Windows will detect that network as if it was a new discovery and you will be able to enter all the details again and connect to it.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-30-troubleshoot-wireless-networks-removing-their-profile-windows7/rwnp4.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-30-troubleshoot-wireless-networks-removing-their-profile-windows7/rwnp4.png" alt="Wireless-Networks4-img" /></a>
</p>It can happen that you start having problems with a wireless network which worked well in the past. This might be due to the fact that the its settings may have been changed accidentally or its network profile, as saved on your computer, got corrupted&#8230;How to identify a device &gt; PCI on linux2018-09-28T22:46:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-identify-device-pci-linux<p>This article will explain a procedure on how to list and identify the PCI devices that are connected to you computer.</p>
<p>How to “identify” the PCI-like devices (AGP, PCI-Express, CardBus, Express Card, etc) that are connected to you computer.</p>
<p>Many people simply use lspci, which is available on every Debian system, to list the device on their computer. Gnome users can install and use the hardinfo method. KDE user can use kinfocenter.</p>
<h2 id="pci-id">PCI-id</h2>
<p>Devices are mainly identified using a pair of hexadecimal numbers, like 1014:003E.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The 4 first hexadecimal digits are the Vendor ID (1014 = IBM).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The 4 last hexadecimal digits are the Device ID (003e = 16/4 Token ring).</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Actually there is also some sub-vendor-id, sub-vendor-id (to identify the computer/vendor implementation), pci function and class... see <a href="#references">references</a> for more information.</p>
<p>Some of the devices (<em>device-ids</em>) handled by Debian are listed in the page: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DeviceDatabase/PCI" target="_blank">DeviceDatabase/PCI</a>.</p>
<h2 id="lspci">lspci</h2>
<p>lspci [package:<a href="https://packages.debian.org/pciutils" target="_blank">pciutils</a>] is the standard tool to query the devices connected to any pci compatible bus.</p>
<p>Sample output (“-nn” option only works with newer Linux versions):</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">~$ </span><span class="nc">lspci</span><span class="kv"> -nn
</span>00:00.0 Host bridge [0600]: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/PM/GMS, 943/940GML and 945GT Express Memory Controller Hub [8086:27a0] (rev 03)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/GMS, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:27a2] (rev 03)
00:02.1 Display controller [0380]: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/GMS, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:27a6] (rev 03)
00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High Definition Audio Controller [8086:27d8] (rev 02)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 1 [8086:27d0] (rev 02)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 2 [8086:27d2] (rev 02)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 3 [8086:27d4] (rev 02)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 4 [8086:27d6] (rev 02)
00:1d.0 USB Controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 [8086:27c8] (rev 02)
00:1d.1 USB Controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 [8086:27c9] (rev 02)
00:1d.2 USB Controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 [8086:27ca] (rev 02)
00:1d.3 USB Controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 [8086:27cb] (rev 02)
00:1d.7 USB Controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller [8086:27cc] (rev 02)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge [8086:2448] (rev e2)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation 82801GBM (ICH7-M) LPC Interface Bridge [8086:27b9] (rev 02)
00:1f.2 IDE interface [0101]: Intel Corporation 82801GBM/GHM (ICH7 Family) SATA IDE Controller [8086:27c4] (rev 02)
00:1f.3 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller [8086:27da] (rev 02)
02:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Intel Corporation 82573L Gigabit Ethernet Controller [8086:109a]
03:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 3945ABG Network Connection [8086:4227] (rev 02)
15:00.0 CardBus bridge [0607]: Texas Instruments PCI1510 PC card Cardbus Controller [104c:ac56]
16:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: ADMtek 21x4x DEC-Tulip compatible 10/100 Ethernet [1317:1985] (rev 11)
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Notes regarding the example above:</p>
<ul>
<li>104c:ac56 is the cardbus bridge (“controller”)</li>
<li>1317:1985 is a PCCard (32-bit Cardbus) Ethernet Adapter.</li>
<li>If your device description says “Unknown device”, you can update your local pci-id definition by running <code class="highlighter-rouge">update-pciids</code> as root.</li>
</ul>
<p>man <a href="http://manpages.debian.org/man/8/lspci" target="_blank">lspci(8)</a> (8)update-pciids</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">/usr/share/misc/pci.ids</code> - A text file mapping vendor IDs and device IDs to a text description.</p>
<p>You can use grep to shorten the above list:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">~$ </span><span class="nc">lspci</span><span class="kv"> -nn | grep Network
</span>03:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 3945ABG Network Connection [8086:4227] (rev 02)
</code></pre>
</div>
<h4 id="references">References</h4>
<ul><li><p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" target="_blank">Wikipedia</a> - PCI </p></li><li><p><a href="http://pci-ids.ucw.cz/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">http://pci-ids.ucw.cz/</a> maintains a list of device-id and vendor-id to text mappings (used by lspci, xorg and more).</p></li></ul>
<p><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/HowToIdentifyADevice/PCI" target="_blank">wiki.debian.org</a></p>How to list and how to "identify" the PCI-like devices (AGP, PCI-Express, CardBus, Express Card, etc) that are connected to you computer.Windows - Quick Fix for Networking Problems2018-09-26T20:52:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems<p>Use this document to repair Internet connection problems in Windows 7, Vista and XP. These commands reset TCP/IP, Windows Socket, and Windows Firewall.</p>
<p>Programs like firewalls, antivirus applications, VPN clients, and various malware can cause Internet connection problems. When there are Internet connection problems in Windows 7, Vista, or XP, make sure there are no firewalls installed other than the Windows Firewall. If other firewalls are in use, consider uninstalling them and re-enable the Windows Firewall. If problems persist, try the following commands.</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="#win8">Windows 8</a></li>
<li><a href="#7vista">Windows 7 &amp; Vista</a></li>
<li><a href="page_2.html#xp">Windows XP</a></li>
<li><a href="page_2.html#summary">Summary</a></li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="win8">Windows 8</a></h3>
<ol>
<li><p>Open the Metro screen and type "command" which will automatically open the search bar. <strong>Right-click</strong> on <strong>Command Prompt</strong> and choose <strong>Run as administrator</strong> at the bottom of the screen.</p>
<p class="text-center"><a href="/images/posts/2018-09-26-windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems/command_prompt_win8.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-26-windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems/command_prompt_win8.png" alt="command_prompt_win8-img" /></a></p>
<p class="text-center"><a href="/images/posts/2018-09-26-windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems/run_as_admin_win8.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-26-windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems/run_as_admin_win8.png" alt="run_as_admin_win8-img" /></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Type the following commands, pressing Enter after each command:</p>
<ul>
<li><pre>netsh int ip reset reset.txt</pre></li>
<li><pre>netsh winsock reset</pre></li>
<li><pre>netsh advfirewall reset</pre></li>
</ul>
<p class="text-center"><a href="/images/posts/2018-09-26-windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems/win7_netsh.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-26-windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems/win7_netsh.png" alt="win7_netsh-img" /></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Restart the computer.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<h3><a name="7vista">Windows 7 &amp; Vista</a></h3>
<ol>
<li>
<p>Click <strong>Start</strong> and type "command" in the search box. Right-click on <strong>Command Prompt</strong> and choose <strong>Run as administrator</strong>.</p>
<p class="text-center"><a href="/images/posts/2018-09-26-windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems/win7_run_as_admin.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-26-windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems/win7_run_as_admin.png" alt="win7_run_as_admin-img" /></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Type the following commands, pressing Enter after each command:</p>
<ul>
<li><pre>netsh int ip reset reset.txt</pre></li>
<li><pre>netsh winsock reset</pre></li>
<li><pre>netsh advfirewall reset</pre></li>
</ul>
<p class="text-center"><a href="/images/posts/2018-09-26-windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems/win7_netsh.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-26-windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems/win7_netsh.png" alt="win7_netsh-img" /></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Restart the computer.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<!--paginator-->
<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/windows-quick-fix-for-networking-problems/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>Use this document to repair Internet connection problems in Windows 7, Vista and XP. These commands reset TCP/IP, Windows Socket, and Windows Firewall. Programs like firewalls, antivirus applications, VPN clients, and various malware can cause&#8230; 2-pages.How to identify a device &gt; USB on linux2018-09-22T20:53:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-identify-a-device-usb-linux<p>This article will explain a procedure on how to list and identify the USB devices that are connected to you computer. Make sure the device is powered-up and enabled before listing the devices. Device are mainly identified using a pair of hexadecimal numbers, like 04b3:3108. The 4 first hexadecimal digits are the Vendor ID (04b3 = IBM). The 4 last hexadecimal digits.</p>
<h3 id="how-to-list-and-identify-the-usb-devices-that-are-connected-to-you-computer">How to list and identify the USB devices that are connected to you computer.</h3>
<p>Make sure the device is powered-up and enabled before listing the devices.</p>
<p>Device are mainly identified using a pair of hexadecimal numbers, like 04b3:3108.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The 4 first hexadecimal digits are the Vendor ID (04b3 = IBM).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The 4 last hexadecimal digits are the Device ID (3108 = ThinkPad 800dpi Optical Travel Mouse).</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>See <a href="/posts/how-to-identify-a-device-usb-linux.html/#references">references</a> for more information.</p>
<p>Most of the devices (<em>device-ids</em>) handled by Debian are listed in the page : <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DeviceDatabase/USB" target="_blank">DeviceDatabase/USB</a>.</p>
<p>Many people simply use lsusb, which is available on almost every Debian system, to list the devices on their computer. Gnome users can install and use the hardinfo method. KDE user can use kinfocenter.</p>
<h2 id="lsusb">lsusb</h2>
<p>lsusb (package:<a href="https://packages.debian.org/usbutils" target="_blank">usbutils</a>) is the standard tool to query the connected USB devices.</p>
<p><small class="text-muted"><em>Any commands with a # at the start means “as root”.</em><small></small></small></p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">lsusb</span><span class="kv">
</span>Bus 005 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 004 Device 006: ID 0a5c:2110 Broadcom Corp.
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
</code></pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li>If your device description says “Unknown device”, you can update your local usb-id definition by running <code class="highlighter-rouge">update-usbids</code> as root.</li>
</ul>
<p>To get something slightly more verbose, but still readable, I use:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">lsusb</span><span class="kv"> -v | grep -E '\&lt;(Bus|iProduct|bDeviceClass|bDeviceProtocol)' 2&gt;/dev/null
</span>Bus 005 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
bDeviceClass 9 Hub
bDeviceProtocol 1 Single TT
iProduct 2 EHCI Host Controller
Bus 004 Device 006: ID 0a5c:2110 Broadcom Corp.
bDeviceClass 224 Wireless
bDeviceProtocol 1 Bluetooth
iProduct 2 BCM2045B
(Bus Powered)
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
bDeviceClass 9 Hub
bDeviceProtocol 0 Full speed hub
iProduct 2 UHCI Host Controller
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
bDeviceClass 9 Hub
bDeviceProtocol 0 Full speed hub
iProduct 2 UHCI Host Controller
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
bDeviceClass 9 Hub
bDeviceProtocol 0 Full speed hub
iProduct 2 UHCI Host Controller
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
bDeviceClass 9 Hub
bDeviceProtocol 0 Full speed hub
iProduct 2 UHCI Host Controller
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>man <a href="http://manpages.debian.org/man/8/lspci" target="_blank">lspci(8)</a></p>
<h4 id="references">References</h4>
<ul><li><p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB" target="_blank">Wikipedia</a> - USB </p></li><li><p><a href="http://www.linux-usb.org/usb.ids" target="_blank">http://www.linux-usb.org/usb.ids</a> - maintains a list of device-id and vendor-id to text mappings</p></li><li>/usr/share/doc/linux-doc-2.6.26/Documentation/usb/* - kernel USB documentation</li></ul>
<p><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/HowToIdentifyADevice/USB" target="_blank">wiki.debian.org</a></p>How to list and identify the USB devices that are connected to you computer. Make sure the device is powered-up and enabled before listing the devices. Device are mainly identified using a pair of hexadecimal numbers&#8230;How To Fix Network Problems Using Command Line Tools In Windows 72018-09-18T21:32:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-fix-network-problems-using-command-line-tools-in-windows7<p>Solving a network problem can be hard and frustrating. While you can check your internet connection using the Windows Network Diagnostic tool, it is hardly enough to solve most problems. Sometime, you might have to troubleshoot via the hard way – the command line way.</p>
<p>There are several advantages to using th command line instead of the visual interface:</p>
<ul>
<li>We can check on individual item, and isolate those that are causing the problems.</li>
<li>Command line tend to have more options so we can test the system deeply.</li>
<li>We can use scripts to automate the process.</li>
</ul>
<p>In this article, we will show you how to diagnose and fix network problems using the command line.</p>
<p>To get started, first make sure that you are running the command prompt with Administrator privilege.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-18-fix-network-problems-using-command-line-tools-in-windows7/win7ci-cmd-run-as-administrator.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-18-fix-network-problems-using-command-line-tools-in-windows7/win7ci-cmd-run-as-administrator.png" alt="win7ci-cmd-run-as-administrator" /></a>
</p>
<h3 id="how-to-know-if-your-cable-is-connected">How to know if your cable is connected</h3>
<p>You can use the <em><code>ipconfig</code></em> tool to check if you are experiencing some problem with your cable. Windows will show up a list of the interfaces and if they are connected or not.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-18-fix-network-problems-using-command-line-tools-in-windows7/win7ci-cmd-ipconfig.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-18-fix-network-problems-using-command-line-tools-in-windows7/win7ci-cmd-ipconfig.png" alt="win7ci-cmd-ipconfig" /></a>
</p>
<h3 id="how-to-know-if-your-gateway-is-working">How to know if your gateway is working</h3>
<p>A gateway is the device, usually a router, that connects your computer to other networks and Internet. If you cannot connect with your device, it is pretty sure you are not going to connect to the Internet. First you need to know the IP address of the device. You can use <em><code>Ipconfig</code></em> to give us the information about the default gateway:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-18-fix-network-problems-using-command-line-tools-in-windows7/win7ci-ipconfig-ipv4-gateway.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-18-fix-network-problems-using-command-line-tools-in-windows7/win7ci-ipconfig-ipv4-gateway.png" alt="win7ci-ipconfig-ipv4-gateway" /></a>
</p>
<p>Now you can use <em><code>ping</code></em> to test if the gateway respond. This tool informs if a device with a given IP is answering. In plain English, with this test, we know that our network adapter, the cable and the router are connected correctly.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-18-fix-network-problems-using-command-line-tools-in-windows7/win7ci-cmd-ping-gateway.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-18-fix-network-problems-using-command-line-tools-in-windows7/win7ci-cmd-ping-gateway.png" alt="win7ci-cmd-ping-gateway" /></a>
</p>
<!--paginator-->
<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/how-to-fix-network-problems-using-command-line-tools-in-Windows7/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>Solving a network problem can be hard and frustrating. it is hardly enough to solve most problems. Sometime, you might have to troubleshoot via the hard way – the command line way. 2-pages.Mousekeys: to point and click with the numerical keys2018-09-16T19:37:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/mousekeys-to-point-and-click-with-the-numerical-keys<p>Mousekeys: to point and click with the numerical keys instead of a mouse. Apparently it’s a feature of X, which once was enabled by default—but not anymore.
<!--more--></p>
<p>Luckily we can pretty easily enable and configure it, with a utility called xkbset.</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> apt-get install xkbset</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Use</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">xkbset</span><span class="kv"> m</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>To turn mousekeys on, then control the cursor as follows:</p>
<p><code>NUM 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 Direction control NUM 5 Click – Switch to right click mode. Press 5 now to right click. / Switch to left click mode 0 (INS) Switch to select/drag mode. Now use direction control keys to select/drag stuff . (DEL) End select/drag (copied from http://abhijeetmaharana.com/blog/2007/08/31/mousekeys-on-ubuntu/)</code></p>
<p>Use</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">xkbset</span><span class="kv"> -m</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>To turn mousekeys off.</p>
<p>Personally I find the default configuration of mousekeys to be pretty slow (meaning moving the cursor across the screen takes a lot of time). The settings can be queried with:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">xkbset</span><span class="kv"> q|grep Mouse</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>These values can be changed by running</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">xkbset</span><span class="kv"> ma [delay] [interval] [time_to_max] [max_speed] [curve] e.g. xkbset ma 60 10 10 5 2</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Those values work quite well for me. What every setting means and does on its own and how they work together didn't become fully clear to me even after a lot of fiddling. In the end I found the values <em>60 10 10 5 2</em> on some website (don't know which). <a href="http://docs.kde.org/development/en/kde-workspace/kcontrol/mouse/index.html#mouse-navigation" target="_blank">Here</a> is an explanation of each though.</p>
<p>Now there’s one more thing one will discover: after some timeout mousekeys will be turned off automatically. This can be very annoying, and needn’t be!</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">xkbset</span><span class="kv"> q exp</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>shows the timeout value and how this affects mousekeys (<em>Upon Expiry Mouse-Keys will be: ..</em>) By default this is <em>Off</em>, to set it to <em>Unchanged</em> run:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">xkbset</span><span class="kv"> exp =m</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Well then, that covers what we need to know! Now to automate things I threw together a simple script that can be bound to some hotkeys in Openbox, which can then be used to toggle mousekeys on and off:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1
2</pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="c">#!/bin/bash</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">[</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">$(</span>xkbset q|grep <span class="s2">"Mouse-Keys = "</span>|cut -d<span class="se">\ </span>-f3<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"Off"</span> <span class="o">]</span>; <span class="k">then </span>xkbset m ma 60 10 10 5 2 xkbset exp <span class="o">=</span>m <span class="k">else </span>xkbset -m <span class="k">fi</span><span class="w">
</span></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></code></pre></figure>
<p>After finding all this out, I discovered that the mousekeys feature can also be activated by running:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">setxkbmap</span><span class="kv"> -option keypad:pointerkeys</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>After which it can be toggled by pressing Shift-NumLock. I didn’t find out how one can then change the default values without using xkbset though, so I stick to my script :) If the default values are right for you, adding this to your Openbox autostart would be the easiest solution. You’ll be stuck with the timeout too though…</p>
<p>I stumbled upon even other approaches, involving adding or changing files in /etc/X11 or somewhere else in the system files… if anyone knows about this, feel free to share your knowledge!</p>
<p>Couldn't resist a quick search... <a href="http://askubuntu.com/questions/149651/how-do-i-setup-pointer-keys-mouse-keys-in-lubuntu-move-cursor-with-num-pad-key" target="_blank">http://askubuntu.com/questions/149651/h … um-pad-key</a> says:</p>
<blockquote class="blockquote"><p>Create a file /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/90-enable-pointerkeys.conf, with contents:</p><code>Section "InputClass" Identifier "Keyboard Defaults" MatchIsKeyboard "yes" Option "XkbOptions" "keypad:pointerkeys" EndSection</code></blockquote>
<p>That’s what I meant… still no clue as to how to change the default values without xkbset though.</p>
<p><a href="http://crunchbang.org/forums/viewtopic.php?id=27937" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source</a></p>Mousekeys: to point and click with the numerical keys instead of a mouse. Apparently it’s a feature of X, which once was enabled by default—but not anymore.Fix Unidentified Network and No Network Access in Windows 72018-09-15T15:29:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7<p>Recently, I was helping a client with Windows 7 who was unable to connect to his home wireless network one day even though it had been working fine for a few months. When he went to Network and Sharing Center, he had the following listed:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-15-fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7/unidentified-network.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-15-fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7/unidentified-network.png" alt="unidentified-network-img" /></a>
</p>
<p>Instead of his normal network connection, it said <b>Unidentified Network</b> and <b>No Internet Access</b> and sure enough, he could not connect to the Internet! The same thing showed up in the taskbar icon for network connections:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-15-fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7/no-network-access.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-15-fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7/no-network-access.png" alt="no-network-access-img" /></a>
</p>
<p>I’ve seen this problem on a couple of Windows 7 machines and depending on your system, there are multiple possible solutions. Try each one listed below and check to see if it fixe your problem before moving on.</p>
<h3 id="method-1--disable-mcafee-network-agent">Method 1 – Disable McAfee Network Agent</h3>
<p>One common culprit has been the McAfee Network Agent service. You can disable the service by going to <b>Start</b>, typing in <b>MSCONFIG</b> and then clicking on the <b>Services</b> tab. Find McAfee Network Agent and uncheck the box.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-15-fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7/disable-services.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-15-fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7/disable-services.png" alt="disable-services-img" /></a>
</p>
<p>It also might be a good idea to disable any third-party firewall like McAfee firewall or Norton firewall, etc.</p>
<h3 id="method-2--update-your-network-card-driver">Method 2- Update Your Network Card Driver</h3>
<p>You can update your driver in one of two ways: either via Windows or by downloading the driver yourself manually from the manufacture’s website. I highly recommend downloading the latest driver yourself as Windows usually does not do a very good job, but here are the instructions in case you want to try it.</p>
<p>Click on <b>Start</b>, type in <b>devmgmt.msc</b>, press Enter and then expand Network Controllers and right-click on the problem network card.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-15-fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7/network-card.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-15-fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7/network-card.png" alt="network-card-img" /></a>
</p>
<p>Now click on the <b>Driver</b> tab and choose <b>Update Driver</b>.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-15-fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7/update-driver.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-15-fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7/update-driver.png" alt="update-driver-img" /></a>
</p>
<p>If that doesn’t work, you can also uninstall the network driver and then reinstall it after a restart. This has also been known to fix the problem with some people. Note that Windows will automatically reinstall the driver for you. In case it does not, you can always download the latest driver and then install it.</p>
<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/fix-unidentified-network-and-no-network-access-in-windows7/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>I’ve seen this problem on a couple of Windows 7 machines and depending on your system, there are multiple possible solutions. Try each one listed below and check to see if it fixe your problem before moving on. 2-pages.Resize multiple images using Linux2018-09-14T14:30:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/resize-multiple-images-using-linux<p>Resize an image is a simple operation: there are many software able to do that. The most obvious are Gimp or Photoshop. But what’s the right procedure to resize lots of images?
<!--more--></p>
<p>Imagine you have to prepare thumbnails for a gallery or resize all images to insert into a presentation or, again, reduce photos to send them by email, etc.</p>
<p>Open each image with Gimp or Photoshop and resize them one by one is foolish. How can we perform this operation in a simple way and without stress?</p>
<h3 id="the-solution">The solution</h3>
<p>Use Linux command line. Resize multiple images with Linux is very simple by using <em>ImageMagick suite</em>.</p>
<p>First of all, let’s install ImageMagick that includes lots of tools to manipulate images. To do that, execute following command in terminal window to install:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> apt-get install imagemagick</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Now, lots of new commands are available (check <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/script/command-line-tools.php" target="_blank">ImageMagick command line tools</a> for more details). We will use <em>mogrify</em> that is designed to</p>
<blockquote class="blockquote"><p>[…] resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more.</p></blockquote>
<p>Of course, it can work on one or more images at time. We simply can specify filename to act on a single image, or use command line wildcards to act on multiple files.</p>
<p>So, let’s see some examples of <em>morgify</em> usage. For more detailed informations and complete list of options, please check <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/script/mogrify.php" target="_blank">ImageMagick Mogrify manual page</a>.</p>
<p>Resize an image to 75% of its original size:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">mogrify</span><span class="kv"> -resize 75% image.jpg</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Resize all JPG files in the folder 75% of their original sizes:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">mogrify</span><span class="kv"> -resize 75% *.jpg</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Resize all images in the folder to 640×480 pixels:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">mogrify</span><span class="kv"> -resize '640x480' *</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Resize all images to width of 640 pixel mantaining aspect ratio:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">mogrify</span><span class="kv"> -resize width='640' *</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Resize all images to height of 480 mantaining aspect ratio:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">mogrify</span><span class="kv"> -resize height='x480' *</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>References:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.imagemagick.org" target="_blank">ImageMagick</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/script/mogrify.php" target="_blank">ImageMagick Mogrify</a></li>
</ul>Resize an image is a simple operation: there are many software able to do that. The most obvious are Gimp or Photoshop. But what’s the right procedure to resize lots of images?4 Quick Solutions To Windows Network Connection Problems2018-09-13T11:07:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems<p>Networks are finicky at best. Wireless or Ethernet, almost everyone has had their share of network connection problems. It could be anything from not being to access the Internet despite being connected to the network, to not being able to connect to the network at all.<br />
Unfortunately, network connection problems are sometimes hard to diagnose. A few articles here on Alvistec.com give some help. Guy McDowell’s about <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/how-to-troubleshoot-weak-wireless-connections/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">weak wireless signals</a>, and Karl Gechlik’s about <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/7-simple-steps-diagnose-network-problem/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">some simple diagnosis steps</a> are both great resources.<br />
Here I will lay out four easy solutions you can try to get your Internet access back. I will give instructions for Windows XP, Vista, and Windows 7.</p>
<h3 id="check-your-hosts-file">Check Your Hosts File</h3>
<p>Windows can use the hosts file to set IP addresses to particular domains. This means though that it can be used to redirect or effectively cut off your Internet access.<br />
When I need to troubleshoot an Internet connection, this is usually the first place I look.<br />
To view the file in Windows XP, just open up Notepad and go to <code class="highlighter-rouge">File-&gt;Open</code>. Then, navigate to your C drive, then to the <em>“Windows”</em> Folder, then <em>“System32”</em> folder, then <em>“drivers”</em> folder, then <em>“etc”</em> folder and finally, open the file named <em>“hosts”</em>.
You may have to change where it says <strong>“Text Documents”</strong> to <strong>“All Files”</strong> to see the hosts file.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/AllFiles_MUO_Net.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/AllFiles_MUO_Net.png" alt="network connection problems img1" /></a>
</p>
<p>After you have the file open, it should look something like this:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/Hosts_MUO_Net.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/Hosts_MUO_Net.png" alt="network connection problems img2" /></a>
</p>
<p>It should only have the heading stuff and maybe the line designating the localhost. Anything else should be deleted.<br />
The instructions are the same for Vista and Windows 7, only instead of just opening Notepad, you have to right click the Notepad icon and choose to “Run as administrator” to edit the file.</p>
<h3 id="check-your-tcpip-settings">Check Your TCP/IP Settings</h3>
<p>Another issue may be that your TCP/IP settings were altered in some way.<br />
For XP, got to <em>Control Panel</em> and then <em>Network Connections</em>.<br />
In Windows Vista/7, go to the <em>Control Panel</em> and then <em>the Network and Sharing Center</em>. In 7, click on <em>“change adapter settings”</em>. In Vista, click on <em>“manage network connections”</em>.<br />
In all versions of Windows, after you get to the places designated above, right click the device giving you trouble, either the Wireless card or Ethernet card. Then select <em>“Properties”</em>.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/Properties_MUO_Net.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/Properties_MUO_Net.png" alt="network connection problems img3" /></a>
</p>
<p>Something looking like the following window should pop up.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/TCPIP_MUO_Net.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/TCPIP_MUO_Net.png" alt="fix windows network connection issues" /></a>
</p>
<p>Click on <em>Internet Protocol Version 6</em> and then hit <em>“Properties”</em>. You should see something like the following.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/TCPIPDNS_MUO_Net.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/TCPIPDNS_MUO_Net.png" alt="fix network connection problems img1" /></a>
</p>
<p>If either the IP or DNS server address are not set to automatic, set them to be automatic.<br />
Repeat this for <em>Internet Protocol Version 4</em>.</p>
<h3 id="reset-your-tcpip-manually">Reset Your TCP/IP Manually</h3>
<p>Sometimes, you may just need to reset your TCP/IP. This can easily be done at the command line in Windows.<br />
For Windows XP, go to <code class="highlighter-rouge">Start-&gt;Run</code>. Type <em>“cmd”</em> and press enter. A command window should pop up. Then type <em>“netsh int ip reset c:\resetlog.txt”</em> and press enter. You will then have to restart your computer.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/TCPIPReset_MUO_Net.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/TCPIPReset_MUO_Net.png" alt="fix network connection problems img2" /></a>
</p>
<p>For Windows Vista/7, you have to run the Command Prompt as an administrator. To do that, just type <em>“cmd”</em> in your start menu’s search bar. Right click the <em>“cmd”</em> icon that should come up and select <em>“Run as administrator”</em>. Then type the same as indicated above, press enter, and restart.</p>
<h3 id="reset-your-winsock-manually">Reset Your Winsock Manually</h3>
<p>Winsock, short for Windows Socket API, is how Windows handles network services. A reset of this may fix a network problem.
Resetting your Winsock is similar to resetting TCP/IP. Open a Command Prompt as laid out above for your version of Windows and type <em>“netsh winsock reset”</em>. Then press enter and restart your computer.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/Winsock_MUO_Net.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-09-13-4-quick-solutions-to-windows-network-connection-problems/Winsock_MUO_Net.png" alt="fix network connection problems img3" /></a>
</p>
<p>Sometimes even these steps will not fix a faulty connection. If that’s the case, you can try googling the exact problem or contacting someone with network experience.<br />
If you know any other quick solutions to fixing network connection problems, please lets us know in the comments below.</p>Networks are finicky at best. Wireless or Ethernet, almost everyone has had their share of network connection problems. It could be anything from not being to access the Internet despite being connected to the network&#8230;Final method: Skypee virus removal2018-09-12T12:47:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/final-method:-skypee-virus-removal<p>Today is my malware day wow! Today we will learn how to delete replicating “Skypee” virus from your windows operated pc. It is possible to delete any shortcut virus completely. If it replicates itself then I would suggest you to read this post final solution.
<!--more--></p>
<p>First of all, click on my computer icon-&gt;tools-&gt;folder options-&gt;view.</p>
<p>Uncheck hide protected system folders and files… and click on the show hidden folders and files… radio buttons.</p>
<p>Press ok.</p>
<p>Now open each drive. You must see some hidden folders/files in the infected drives/mmc.</p>
<p>Now open the skypee folder which must be hidden. you will find a hidden skypee folder in it which contains some files especially autoit3(.exe).</p>
<p>Copy its name(auto…) and then delete the skype folder and its content. Go to the start menu and click on Run. Type “regedit.exe” without quotes.<br />
Press enter to open it. From its menu click on find and paste the strings that you copied previously.<br />
Click on the find button. Thereafter delete those files containing that string. Click on find next button in regedit and do the same job.</p>
<p>In my case I also delete a hidden google folder (C:\google). I suspect that it is a malicious folder created by the same viruses, later time google chrome browser ran normally without problems.</p>
<p>Go to the start menu and click on Run (Win+R keys shortcut). Type “msconfig” without quotes, then cycle to the Windows startup tab. Thereafter uncheck those suspects entries containing the strings “Google”, “adobe”, adopeflash pointing to C:\Google\tmpE0D.tmp.Google.exe, adopeupdate pointing to C:\Google\GoogleUpdate.lnk, “Windows Update” pointing to C:\Google\Windowsupdate.lnk; in the windows startup programs tab. They have “unknown” in the manufacturer field and make autorun the viruses on startup.</p>
<p>Moreover, press The home button (key+R) and type “msconfig” without quotes then cycle to the <em>Services</em> tab, check the <strong>Hide all Microsoft services</strong> checkbox and find AutoIT, Skypee and one more - always most hidden service weirdly called Google, Google Update, <strong>UNCHECK all these</strong>, click on <em>Apply</em>, then OK. If it prompts you to restart before exiting, click on the other option; RESTART LATER.<br />
Then go back to the business of deleting those folders and files - Kinda lazy and tired to keep on repeating the same steps. Goodluck,
After, restart your computer and verify that all go fine.</p>
<p>THAT’S ALL.</p>
<p>N.B :</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>First of all, delete all Unknown hidden file from your SD card.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Don’t double click on the files of the skypee folder.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Don’t delete or modify any other file in regedit except those malicious files.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Restart is not required.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Always open your SD card using explorer.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>Can anyone else with this issue confirm the proposed solution works?</p>
<p>Yes it works if the whole PC isn’t infected and the virus hasn’t replicated.</p>
<p>However, if it is infected, probably it wont allow you to delete their contents of the file since some file would be running in.<br />
First, combine keys <strong>(CTRL+ALT+Del)</strong> then click on Start Task Manger or Home button (key+R) and type taskmgr.exe and hit enter; whichever works for you.<br />
Cycle to the processes tab and try to find AutoIT.exe, AutoIT3.exe, tmpE0D.tmp.Google.exe, or whatever that obstruct to delete the malware folder… then right-Click on it and click on <strong>End Process Tree</strong>.
Go back to your drives and follow Muhammad’s method above exposed.</p>
<p>PSD: Remember delete the ^0] file in the windows folder XD;D.</p>Today is my malware day wow! Today we will learn how to delete replicating “Skypee” virus from your windows operated pc. It is possible to delete any shortcut virus completely. If it replicates itself then I would suggest you to read this post final solution.How do I fix network adapter problems?2018-09-09T21:50:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/How-do-I-fix-network-adapter-problems<p>If you can’t connect to a network, there might be a problem with your network adapter, the piece of hardware that makes it possible for your PC to connect to a network. 3-pages.
<!--more--></p>
<h2 id="windows-81-windows-rt-81">Windows 8.1, Windows RT 8.1</h2>
<p>First, try using the Network Adapter troubleshooter to automatically find and fix some problems. This troubleshooter will disable and re-enable the adapter and try some other common repairs:</p>
<ul>
<li>Open the Network Adapter troubleshooter by swiping in from the right edge of the screen, tapping Search (or if you’re using a mouse, pointing to the upper-right corner of the screen, moving the mouse pointer down, and then clicking Search), entering troubleshooting in the search box, and then tapping or clicking Troubleshooting. Tap or click Network and Internet, tap or click Network Adapter, and follow the instructions on your screen.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="things-to-check">Things to check</h3>
<p>If running the Network Adapter troubleshooter doesn’t fix the problem, here are some more things to try.</p>
<h4 id="make-sure-airplane-mode-is-turned-off-and-wireless-communication-is-turned-on">Make sure airplane mode is turned off and wireless communication is turned on</h4>
<ol>
<li>Swipe in from the right edge of the screen, and then tap Settings. (If you’re using a mouse, point to the lower-right corner of the screen, move the mouse pointer up, and then click Settings.)</li>
<li>Tap or click the network icon <img src="/images/posts/2018-09-09-How-do-I-fix-network-adapter-problems/3cc188ef-4806-4847-96e3-be9fe02b7535_92.jpg" alt="The wireless network icon" />.</li>
<li>Make sure Airplane mode is turned off and wireless communication (Wi‑Fi or mobile broadband) is turned on.</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="make-sure-the-network-adapter-is-enabled">Make sure the network adapter is enabled</h4>
<ol>
<li>Open Network and Sharing Center by swiping in from the right edge of the screen, tapping Search (or if you’re using a mouse, pointing to the upper-right corner of the screen, moving the mouse pointer down, and then clicking Search), entering network and sharing in the search box, and then tapping or clicking Network and Sharing Center.</li>
<li>Tap or click Change adapter settings.</li>
<li>Press and hold or right-click the network adapter, and then tap or click Enable. <img src="/images/posts/2018-09-09-How-do-I-fix-network-adapter-problems/1f9463c2-c968-47bf-9b4d-939c5d1af477_70.jpg" alt="Administrator permission required" /> You might be asked for an admin password or to confirm your choice.</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="reset-the-network-adapter">Reset the network adapter</h4>
<p>The Network Adapter troubleshooter will do this automatically, but if you’d prefer to do it manually, follow these steps:</p>
<ol>
<li>Open Network and Sharing Center by swiping in from the right edge of the screen, tapping Search (or if you’re using a mouse, pointing to the upper-right corner of the screen, moving the mouse pointer down, and then clicking Search), entering network and sharing in the search box, and then tapping or clicking Network and Sharing Center.</li>
<li>Tap or click Change adapter settings.</li>
<li>Press and hold or right-click the network adapter, and then tap or click Disable. <img src="/images/posts/2018-09-09-How-do-I-fix-network-adapter-problems/1f9463c2-c968-47bf-9b4d-939c5d1af477_70.jpg" alt="Administrator permission required" /> You might be asked for an admin password or to confirm your choice.</li>
<li>Press and hold or right-click the adapter again, and then tap or click Enable. <img src="/images/posts/2018-09-09-How-do-I-fix-network-adapter-problems/1f9463c2-c968-47bf-9b4d-939c5d1af477_70.jpg" alt="Administrator permission required" /> You might be asked for an admin password or to confirm your choice.</li>
</ol>
<p>After you’ve reset the adapter, try connecting to the network again, or run the Network troubleshooter to verify that your network adapter is now working correctly.</p>
<ul>
<li>Open the Network troubleshooter by swiping in from the right edge of the screen, tapping Search (or if you’re using a mouse, pointing to the upper-right corner of the screen, moving the mouse pointer down, and then clicking Search), entering Identify and repair in the search box, and then tapping or clicking Identify and repair network problems.</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="update-the-network-adapter-driver">Update the network adapter driver</h4>
<p>You must be signed in as an administrator to follow these steps.<br />
If you reset your network adapter and you still can’t connect to a network, try running the Network troubleshooter first.</p>
<h3 id="to-run-the-network-troubleshooter">To run the Network troubleshooter</h3>
<ul>
<li>Open the Network troubleshooter by swiping in from the right edge of the screen, tapping Search (or if you’re using a mouse, pointing to the upper-right corner of the screen, moving the mouse pointer down, and then clicking Search), entering Identify and repair in the search box, and then tapping or clicking Identify and repair network problems.</li>
</ul>
<p>If the Network troubleshooter doesn’t find and fix the problem, you might need to update the adapter driver, the software that enables your network adapter to communicate with your PC. (Updating the driver can solve the problem of missing or failed drivers, as well as outdated ones.) There are several ways to do this, and some might be more successful than others, depending on the type of PC you have and other factors. Use the following procedures in order until you’re able to update the driver.</p>
<h3 id="to-check-for-a-driver-in-windows-update">To check for a driver in Windows Update</h3>
<ol>
<li>Open Windows Update by swiping in from the right edge of the screen (or, if you’re using a mouse, pointing to the lower-right corner of the screen and moving the mouse pointer up), tapping or clicking Settings, tapping or clicking Change PC settings, and then tapping or clicking Update and recovery.</li>
<li>Tap or click Check now, and then wait while Windows looks for the latest updates for your PC.</li>
<li>Click View details to view optional updates. (Network adapter drivers are likely to be listed as optional updates.) If an update for your network adapter driver was found, select it, and then tap or click Install.
<h4 id="note">Note</h4>
<ul>
<li>You might need to restart your PC to finish installing some updates. Save and close all your files and apps before you restart so you don’t lose anything.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
<p>If you weren’t able to update the driver using Windows Update, try using Device Manager.</p>
<h3 id="to-check-for-a-driver-using-device-manager">To check for a driver using Device Manager</h3>
<ol>
<li>Swipe in from the right edge of the screen, and then tap Search.<br />
(If you’re using a mouse, point to the upper-right corner of the screen, move the mouse pointer down, and then click Search.) ‌</li>
<li>Enter Device Manager in the search box, and then tap or click Device Manager.‌ <img src="/images/posts/2018-09-09-How-do-I-fix-network-adapter-problems/1f9463c2-c968-47bf-9b4d-939c5d1af477_70.jpg" alt="Administrator permission required" /> You might be asked for an admin password or to confirm your choice.</li>
<li>Double-tap or double-click Network Adapters, press and hold or right-click your adapter, and then tap or click Properties.</li>
<li>Tap or click the Driver tab, and then tap or click Update Driver.<br />
If Windows can’t find the driver on your PC and you don’t have a connection to the Internet, you might need to contact the network adapter manufacturer or your PC manufacturer to get the driver. Check the info that came with your network adapter or your PC to see if you have a disc that contains the drivers.</li>
</ol>
<p>If you weren’t able to update the driver using Device Manager, try using Action Center.</p>
<h3 id="to-check-for-a-driver-using-action-center">To check for a driver using Action Center</h3>
<ol>
<li>Open Action Center by swiping in from the right edge of the screen, tapping Search (or if you’re using a mouse, pointing to the upper-right corner of the screen, moving the mouse pointer down, and then clicking Search), entering Action Center in the search box, tapping or clicking Settings, and then tapping or clicking Action Center.</li>
<li>Expand the Maintenance section and look for a network adapter driver notification. If you find one, follow the instructions to install it.</li>
<li>If you don’t see a notification, check for a solution manually in the Maintenance section, and then, under Check for solutions to problem reports, tap or click Check for solutions.</li>
</ol>
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</div>If you can’t connect to a network, there might be a problem with your network adapter, the piece of hardware that makes it possible for your PC to connect to a network. 3-pages.Debian Linux Configure Wireless Networking With WPA22018-06-06T20:57:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/debian-linux-configure-wireless-networking-with-wpa2<p>I’ve Atheros AR5001 wifi a/b/g card detected and supported natively under Linux. How do I configure my wireless card with WPA2 networking using /etc/network/interfaces file?
<!--more--></p>
<p>Wi-Fi Protected Access II (WPA2 i.e. IEEE 802.11i) is security protocols for wireless communication. It introduces CCMP, a new AES-based encryption mode with strong security in mind. Under Debian Linux you need to install wpasupplicant to support for WPA and WPA2 networks. Open a command-line terminal (select Applications-&gt;Accessories-&gt;Terminal), and then type the following commands as root user:</p>
<h3 id="step-1-install-wpasupplicant">Step #1: Install wpasupplicant</h3>
<p>To install wpasupplicant simply type the following command as root user:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">apt-get</span><span class="kv"> install wireless-tools
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Or</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">apt-get</span><span class="kv"> install wpasupplicant
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="step-2-verify-wifi--wireless-card-is-detected">Step #2: Verify WiFi / Wireless Card Is Detected</h3>
<p>Use the lspci command to verify that card is detected:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">lspci</span><span class="kv">
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">lspci</span><span class="kv"> | grep -i wlan
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">lspci</span><span class="kv"> | grep -i wireless
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">lspci</span><span class="kv"> | grep -i wifi
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">lspci</span><span class="kv"> -nn | grep Network
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Sample outputs:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>0c:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Ultimate N WiFi Link 5300
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>This page explains <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-find-wireless-driver-chipset/">the lspci command to find out Wireless driver chipset information</a> under Linux.
Or you can go to <a href="http://linux-wless.passys.nl/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Linux wireless LAN support</a> page and make sure your card is listed as supported device under Linux.
You can also see your wireless interface name using the following command:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">ifconfig</span><span class="kv"> -a
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>OR</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">dmesg</span><span class="kv"> | grep -i wlan
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">dmesg</span><span class="kv"> | grep -i wireless
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="step-3-configure-wpa2">Step #3: Configure WPA2</h3>
<p>Edit /etc/network/interfaces file, enter:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">vi</span><span class="kv"> /etc/network/interfaces
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Setup wlan0 with the SSID and PSK as follows:</p>
<div class="language-sh highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-ssid YOUR-SSID-HERE
wpa-psk YOUR-PASSWORD-HERE
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Make sure you use strong pass-phrase. Save and close the file. You can now connect to the interface, enter:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">ifup</span><span class="kv"> wlan0
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">ifconfig</span><span class="kv"> wlan0
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">ping</span><span class="kv"> router-ip-here
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">ping</span><span class="kv"> google.com
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>OR you can restart the networking service using any one of the following method:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">/etc/init.d/networking</span><span class="kv"> restart
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>OR</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">service</span><span class="kv"> networking restart
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h4 id="get-info-about-your-network">Get Info About Your Network</h4>
<p>To see more info about wifi, enter:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">iwconfig</span><span class="kv"> wlan0
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h4 id="scan-your-wireless-network">Scan Your Wireless Network</h4>
<p>Type the following command:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">iwlist</span><span class="kv"> wlan0 scan
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h4 id="sample-etcnetworkinterface-config-file">Sample /etc/network/interface Config File</h4>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="c"># The loopback network interface</span>
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
<span class="c"># The primary network interface</span>
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.5
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.1.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
<span class="c"># The wireless network interface with dhcp</span>
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-ssid nixcraft
wpa-key-mgmt WPA-PSK
wpa-group TKIP CCMP
wpa-psk YOYR-PASSWORD-HERE</code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="troubleshooting-wpa_supplicant">Troubleshooting wpa_supplicant</h4>
<p>See wpa_supplicant log file /var/log/wpa_supplicant.*.log using the tail, more, or grep command:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">tail</span><span class="kv"> -f /var/log/wpa_supplicant.wlan0.log
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">grep</span><span class="kv"> 'something' /var/log/wpa_supplicant.wlan0.log
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="a-note-about-gui-configuration-tool">A Note About GUI Configuration Tool</h3>
<p>You can use NetworkManager - a graphical interfaces for GNOME and KDE. If you are using NetworkManager, avoid using Debian's /etc/network/interfaces file.
See <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/WiFi/HowToUse#network-manager" target="_blank">this</a> page for more information about Gnome / KDE wireless network config tool.</p>
<h4 id="recommended-readings">Recommended readings:</h4>
<p>Anytime you need assistance with Linux wifi configuration option, turn to the following man page first.
It will give you detailed information, parameters and switches for wifi configurations.
For example, man 5 interfaces opens the man page for the interfaces network configuration file:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">man</span><span class="kv"> 5 interfaces
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">man</span><span class="kv"> 8 wpa_supplicant
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">man</span><span class="kv"> 8 iwconfig
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">man</span><span class="kv"> 8 iwlist
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>See <a href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-debian-package-management-cheat-sheet.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">how to use apt-get command</a> to install packages under Linux.</p>
<ul class="mt-3 list-inline">
<li><h4>Sources:</h4></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/debian-linux-wpa-wpa2-wireless-wifi-networking/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 1</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/setting-up-an-network-interfaces-file/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 2</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-debian-package-management-cheat-sheet.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 3</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/how-to-controlling-access-to-linux-services.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 4</a></li>
</ul>I’ve Atheros AR5001 wifi a/b/g card detected and supported natively under Linux. How do I configure my wireless card with WPA2 networking using /etc/network/interfaces file?How to completely remove pulseaudio from system2018-06-04T20:57:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-completely-remove-pulseaudio-from-system<p>Today is my lucky day. I finally found out how to completely remove pulseaudio from system Debian/Ubuntu and variants.
<!--more--></p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> killall pulseaudio
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> apt-get purge pulseaudio pulseaudio-utils gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio paman pavumeter pavucontrol
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> mv /etc/asound.conf /etc/asound.conf-bak
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">rm</span><span class="kv"> ~/.pulse-cookie
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">rm</span><span class="kv"> -r ~/.pulse</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Reboot. Then install:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> apt-get install alsa-base alsa-tools alsa-tools-gui alsa-utils alsa-oss alsamixergui libalsaplayer0</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>After next reboot you will get normal sound without distortion, cracking noises and wasted CPU.</p>
<p>Even skype started working properly.</p>
<p>Additionally - replace Volume Control Command in PNMixer with:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">xfce4-mixer</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>or any other mixer you like.</p>
<p>To get xfce4-volumed working, you should start xfce4-mixer and add all audio channels you wish to manipulate.
Then you should run:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">xfconf-query</span><span class="kv"> -c xfce4-mixer -p /active-track --create -t string -s "Master"</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>You may replace “Master” with any other auido channel. Command shows xfce4-volumed which channel you are interested in.
After restart volume control works as expected.</p>
<p>Be excellent to each other!</p>Today is my lucky day. I finally found out how to completely remove pulseaudio from system Debian/Ubuntu and variants.Essential Tips to Prevent Virus Infections2018-06-02T10:35:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/essential-tips-to-prevent-virus-infections<p>Online security and the protection of your computer are our main goals but these are also a matter you should take seriously to avoid unwanted infections.
<!--more-->
That is why we insist you follow a few essential steps we cannot do for you and which will prevent your computer from getting infected.</p>
<p>Seriously, it´s up to you that you never get infected again. Furthermore, we can ensure that your computer will not get easily infected.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Keep Java, Adobe Flash and Acrobat Reader updated at all times, or uninstall them if you do not use them!</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Why?</strong> Nowadays viruses and malware bypass antivirus programs and infect PCs through outdated programs you have installed on your PC.</p>
<p><strong>Learn How</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>If you don´t need these programs, uninstall them from your computer.</li>
<li>If you cannot do without these applications, make sure they are always updated. There are specific programs which can do this for you, for example:</li>
<ul>
<li>Secunia Personal software Inspector<br /><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="http://secunia.com/vulnerability_scanning/personal/">http://secunia.com/vulnerability_scanning/personal/</a></li>
<li>TechTracker<br /><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.cnet.com/techtracker-free">http://www.cnet.com/techtracker-free</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><strong>Always be cautious with the programs you install or run</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Why?</strong> Virus authors make money infecting PCs and they can disguise behind programs or applications you think are not dangerous to open or to run. BEWARE!</p>
<p><strong>Learn How</strong>: Use your common sense!</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Never open emails from unknown senders. Beware of messages with eye-catching subjects; they are more likely to contain viruses.</p>
<p>The most typical ones are notices of a package from UPS, DHL or other courier company, PayPal transfers or errors in the sending of emails. If you receive any of these emails, beware! Do not open any of the attachments, unless you are absolutely sure it´s something you´ve requested.</p>
<p>Think twice before downloading and using commercial software or software cracks from BitTorrent, download sites, eMule, etc. Many of these programs are really malware or infected. Even some of the video files that can be downloaded through these channels are viruses that pose as films, books or music files.</p>
</li>
<li>Avoid visiting unsafe websites. Secure websites begin with ‘https://’ and the lock icon is displayed on the browser.</li>
<li>Use strong passwords and have different passwords for the different online services you use.</li>
<li>NEVER provide confidential data by email. Think that your bank, for example, would never ask you to send them your account or personal details via email. So, if unsure, ring the official bank telephone number, never the one provided on the email, and ask them.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><strong>Always Keep your Windows OS Updated</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Why?</strong> Malware and viruses exploit security vulnerabilities present in outdated Windows OS. Having the latest security patches and Service Packs installed prevent viruses from doing so.</p>
<p><strong>Learn How:</strong> Microsoft provides specific instructions to enable automatic OS updates. Check <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-vista/turn-automatic-updating-on-or-off">how to turn automatic updating on or off</a>.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Use an effective antivirus and keep it updated at all times</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Why?</strong> Because you need to protect yourself, your family and your business from known and unknown viruses and other threats that can disrupt your everyday life and the productivity of your enterprise.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Keep a backup of your files</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Why?</strong> Because backing up your computer data allows you to restore them in the case of a data loss event.</p>
<p><strong>Learn How:</strong> Make sure you have a backup program installed on your computer.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.pandasecurity.com/usa/homeusers/support/card?id=1679">Source</a></p>Online security and the protection of your computer are our main goals but these are also a matter you should take seriously to avoid unwanted infections.VGA connectors pinouts2018-05-30T18:18:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/vga-connectors-pinouts<p>There are at least four versions of the <strong>VGA connector</strong>, which are the three-row <a href="http://pinouts.ru/connector/15_pin_highdensity_D-SUB_female_connector.shtml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">15 pin DE-15 (also called mini sub D15) </a>in original and DDC2 pinouts, a less featureful and far less common <a href="http://pinouts.ru/Video/VGA9_pinout.shtml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">9-pin VGA</a>, and a <a href="http://pinoutsguide.com/Video/mini_vga_connector_pinout.shtml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Mini-VGA</a> used for laptops. The image and below table are the newer <strong>15-pin VGA VESA DDC2 connector</strong> pinout.</p>
<h3 class="text-center"> VGA DDC2 connector pinout:</h3>
<div class="table-responsive">
<center><table class="table-striped table-hover" width="80%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="1"> <thead> <tr> <th> Pin</th> <th> Name</th> <th> Dir</th> <th> Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> 1</td> <td> RED</td> <td> --&gt;</td> <td> Red Video (75 ohm, 0.7 V p-p)</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 2</td> <td> GREEN</td> <td> --&gt;</td> <td> Green Video (75 ohm, 0.7 V p-p)</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 3</td> <td> BLUE</td> <td> --&gt;</td> <td> Blue Video (75 ohm, 0.7 V p-p)</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 4</td> <td> RES</td> <td> &nbsp;</td> <td> RESERVED</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 5</td> <td> GND</td> <td> ---</td> <td> Ground</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 6</td> <td> RGND</td> <td> ---</td> <td> Red Ground</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 7</td> <td> GGND</td> <td> ---</td> <td> Green Ground</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 8</td> <td> BGND</td> <td> ---</td> <td> Blue Ground</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 9</td> <td> KEY</td> <td> -</td> <td> Key (No pin) /&nbsp;Optional +5V output from graphics card</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 10</td> <td> SGND</td> <td> ---</td> <td> Sync Ground</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 11</td> <td> ID0</td> <td> &lt;--</td> <td> Monitor ID Bit 0 (optional)</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 12</td> <td> SDA</td> <td> &lt;--</td> <td> I<sup>2</sup>C bidirectional data line&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 13</td> <td> HSYNC or CSYNC</td> <td> --&gt;</td> <td> Horizontal Sync (or Composite Sync)</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 14</td> <td> VSYNC</td> <td> --&gt;</td> <td> Vertical Sync&nbsp;which works also as data clock</td> </tr> <tr> <td> 15</td> <td> SCL</td> <td> &lt;--</td> <td> I<sup>2</sup>C data clock in DDC2, Monitor ID3 in DDC1</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></center>
</div>
<p class="mt-2 pt-2"> Note: Direction is Computer relative Monitor. All VGA pinout signals except R, G, B are TTL level signals.</p>
<p> The basic VGA display modes of 80x25 character mode and 640x480 in graphics mode are still supported by all modern graphic cards, independent of the extended modes supported by these cards.</p>
<h3> VGA video specifications are:</h3>
<ul> <li> 256 KB Video RAM .</li> <li> 16-color and 256-color modes</li> <li> 262,144-value color palette (six bits each for red, green, and blue)</li> <li> Selectable 25.175 MHz or 28.322 MHz master clock</li> <li> Maximum of 800 horizontal pixels</li> <li> Maximum of 600 lines (Interlaced)</li> <li> Refresh rates at up to 70 Hz</li> <li> Vertical blank interrupt</li> <li> Planar mode: up to 16 colors (4 bit planes)</li> <li> Packed-pixel mode: 256 colors (Mode 13h)</li> <li> Hardware smooth scrolling support</li> <li> Some Raster Ops support</li> <li> Barrel shifter</li> <li> Split screen support</li> <li> 0.7 V peak-to-peak</li> <li> 75 ohm double-terminated impedance (18.7 mA – 13 mW)</li> </ul>
<h3><a href="http://pinouts.ru/Video/VGAVesaDdc_pinout.shtml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">VGA VESA DDC</a></h3>
<p> VESA Display Data Channel is a method for integrating digital interface to VGA connector so as to enable the monitor and graphics card to communicate. The first version of the DDC standard was adopted in August 1994. It included the EDID 1.0 format and specified DDC1, DDC2B and DDC2Ab physical links. DDC version 2, introduced in 1996, split EDID into a separate standard and introduced the DDC2B+ protocol. DDC version 3, 1997, introduced the DDC2Bi protocol and support for VESA Plug and Display and Flat Panel Display Interface on separate device addresses. The DDC standard has been superseded by E-DDC in 1999.&nbsp;Extended display identification data (EDID) is a companion standard; it defines a compact binary file format describing the monitor's capabilities and supported graphics modes, stored in a read-only memory (EEPROM) chip programmed by the manufacturer of the monitor.</p>
<p> DDC1 allows the monitor to tell its parameters to the computer. When the VGA graphics card detects data on data-line it starts to read the data coming from the monitor synchronous to vertical sync pulse. Vertical sync pulse frequency can be increased up to 25 KHz for the time of the data transfer if a DDC1 compliant monitor is found (be sure not to send those high frequencies to non DDC1 monitors!).</p>
<!--paginator-->
<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/vga-connectors-pinouts/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>Nearly all modern PC graphics cards use the same 15 pin VGA connector that the original IBM VGA card used. VGA=Video Graphics adapter or Video Graphics Array. 2-pages.How to scroll to specific item using javascript?2018-05-25T19:34:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-scroll-to-specific-item-using-javascript<p>I have a big table with vertical scroll bar. I would like to scroll to a specific line in this table using jQuery/Javascript. Are there built-in methods to do this?
<!--more--></p>
<p><a href="http://jsfiddle.net/xY7tx/" target="_blank">Here is a little example to play with.</a></p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html">div {
width: 100px;
height: 70px;
border: 1px solid blue;
overflow: auto;
}</code></pre></figure>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;div&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;table</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"my_table"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;tr</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">'row_1'</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;td&gt;</span>1<span class="nt">&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;tr</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">'row_2'</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;td&gt;</span>2<span class="nt">&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;tr</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">'row_3'</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;td&gt;</span>3<span class="nt">&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;tr</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">'row_4'</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;td&gt;</span>4<span class="nt">&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;tr</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">'row_5'</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;td&gt;</span>5<span class="nt">&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;tr</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">'row_6'</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;td&gt;</span>6<span class="nt">&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;tr</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">'row_7'</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;td&gt;</span>7<span class="nt">&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;tr</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">'row_8'</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;td&gt;</span>8<span class="nt">&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;tr</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">'row_9'</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;td&gt;</span>9<span class="nt">&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/table&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/div&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Dead simple. <strong>No plugins needed</strong>.</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">container</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'div'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="nx">scrollTo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'#row_8'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">container</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">scrollTop</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="nx">scrollTo</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">offset</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="nx">top</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="nx">container</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">offset</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="nx">top</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nx">container</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">scrollTop</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Or you can animate the scrolling:</span>
<span class="nx">container</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">animate</span><span class="p">({</span>
<span class="na">scrollTop</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nx">scrollTo</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">offset</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="nx">top</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="nx">container</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">offset</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="nx">top</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nx">container</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">scrollTop</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">});</span><span class="err">​</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Another way</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">onPlayerReady</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">event</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'html, body'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">animate</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="na">scrollTop</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"#presentation"</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">offset</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="nx">top</span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="mi">3000</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">event</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">playVideo</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Here is a <a target="_blank" href="http://jsfiddle.net/xY7tx/406/">working example</a>.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://api.jquery.com/scrollTop/">Documentation for <code>scrollTop</code></a>.</p>
<p><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2905867/how-to-scroll-to-specific-item-using-jquery" target="_blank">Source</a></p>I have a big table with vertical scroll bar. I would like to scroll to a specific line in this table using jQuery/Javascript. Are there built-in methods to do this?Zram vs zswap vs zcache Ultimate guide: when to use which one?2018-05-20T16:02:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/zram-vs-zswap-vs-zcache-ultimate-guide-when-to-use-which-one<p>There is a whole lot of stuff about these three systems but none of it makes simple comparison between them let alone explain them well. I tried to make sense of it but my head exploded.</p>
<p>Then I thought I had got it so I tried writing it down and my head exploded again. (see summary of implementations) I thought it will be useful to post this here as there were many stackexchange questions asking about pairwise comparisons between them.</p>
<h3 id="summary-of-what-to-use-when">Summary of what to use when:</h3>
<ol><li><strong>ZRAM</strong> if you have no HDD/SSD swap partition.</li><li><strong>ZSWAP</strong> if you do have a HDD/SSD swap partition.</li><li><strong>ZCACHE</strong>: It does what ZSWAP does and ALSO compresses and speeds the filesystem page cache. (It is internally much more complicated and is not in the mainline kernel as it is still under development).</li></ol>
<h3 id="summary-of-their-implementations">Summary of their implementations:</h3>
<ol><li><strong>ZRAM</strong> is a compressed RAM based <strong>swap device</strong></li><li><strong>ZSWAP</strong> is a compressed <strong>Cache</strong> if you already have a swap.</li><li><strong>ZCache</strong> is a backend for a special type of <strong>Virtual RAM thingy</strong> (Transcendent memory) that can be used to cache filesystem pages or swap data.</li></ol>
<h3 id="details">Details:</h3>
<ul><li><p><strong>ZRAM:</strong> Makes a swap device in the RAM. Pages sent here are compressed as they are stored. It has a higher priority than other swap devices: pages that are swapped out are preferentially sent to the zram device till it is full, only then are any other swap devices used.</p> <ul><li><strong>Benefits:</strong> Independent of other (physical) swap devices. It can be used when there is no swap partition to expand the available memory.</li><li><strong>Disadvantages:</strong> If other swap devices (HDD/SSD) are present they are not used optimally. As the zram device is an independent swap device, once it is full, any new pages that need to be swapped out are sent to next swap device directly, hence: <ol><li>There is a real chance of LRU (least recently used) inversion: It will be the most recently swapped data that goes to the slow disk, while inactive pages that were swapped out long ago will remain in the fast ZRAM</li><li>The data sent to and read from the disk will consume a lot of bandwidth as it is uncompressed. <ul><li><strong>Status:</strong> Merged into the mainline kernel 3.14. Once enabled on a system, it requires some userspace configuration to set up the swap devices and use them.</li></ul></li></ol></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>ZSWAP:</strong> The <code>frontswap</code> system hooks attempts to swap out pages and uses zswap as <a target="_blank" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cache_%28computing%29#Writing_policies" rel="nofollow">write-back-cache</a> for a HDD/SSD swap device: An attempt is made to compress the page and if it contains poorly compressible data it is directly written two the disk. If the data is compressed, it is stored in the pool of zswap memory. If pages are swapped out of memory when the total compressed pages in RAM exceeds a certain size, the Least Recently Used (LRU) <em>compressed</em> page is written to the disk as it is unlikely to be required soon.</p> <ul><li><strong>Benefits:</strong> Very efficient use RAM and disk based swap. Minimizes Disk I/O by both reducing the number of writes and reads required (data is compressed and held in RAM) and by reducing the bandwidth of these I/O operaions as the data is in a compressed form.</li><li><strong>Limitations:</strong> It is an enhancement of disk based swap systems and hence depends on a swap partition on the hard disk.</li><li><strong>Status:</strong> Merged into the 3.11 mainline linux kernel.</li></ul></li><li><p><strong>ZCache:</strong> It is a backend for the Transcendent memory system. Transcendent memory provides a RAM-like memory that can only be accessed a page at a time by using <code>put</code> and <code>get</code> calls. This is unlike normal memory that can be accessed a byte at a time. The <code>frontswap</code> and <code>cleancache</code> systems hook attempts to swap and reclaim file-system page caches respectively and send them to the transcendent memory backends. When zcache is used as a backend, the data is compressed and stored in the RAM. When it fills up, compressed pages are evicted to the swap. (an alternate backend is RAMster which shares a pool of RAM across networked computers). Using only the <code>frontswap</code> frontend with the <code>zcache</code> backend works just like <code>zswap</code>. (In fact zswap is a simplified subset of zcache)</p> <ul><li><strong>Benefits</strong> Provides compressed caching both for swap and for filesystem caches.</li><li><strong>Status:</strong> Still not mainlined as it is very complicated and is being worked on.</li></ul></li></ul>
<p>The best resources I found were:</p>
<ul><li><a href="http://lwn.net/Articles/454795/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Transcendent memory in a nutshell</a></li>
<li><a href="https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/12/11/449" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">[PATCH 0/8] zswap: compressed swap caching</a></li>
<li><a href="http://lwn.net/Articles/545244/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">In-kernel memory compression</a></li>
<li><a href="http://lwn.net/Articles/548109/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LSFMM: In-kernel memory compression</a></li>
<li><a href="http://lwn.net/Articles/537422/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The zswap compressed swap cache</a></li></ul>There is a whole lot of stuff about these three systems but none of it makes simple comparison between them let alone explain them well. I tried to make sense of it but my head exploded.Backup All Your Youtube Videos to Google Drive2018-05-10T17:20:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/backup-all-your-youtube-videos-to-google-drive<p>YouTube is the #1 medium to distribute your videos. But videos uploaded to YouTube have certain limitations.</p>
<ul>
<li>YouTube converts videos to its own format with some loss of clarity and is no match to your original video.</li>
<li>Download options for YouTube video is very limited.</li>
<li>If YouTube chooses to delete your video or suspend your account, all your videos are completely gone. Same is the case if some hacker gains access to your account.</li>
</ul>
<p>But still, only a few people actually store their original videos in local hard drives or DVDs.
Not that you don’t want to back up your YouTube channel videos, it’s just difficult to maintain local copies.</p>
<p>Google Drive not only makes it easy to backup your YouTube videos, but also makes video management simple.
You can download backup videos any time, email directly as attachments, sync them locally and even preview them in Google Drive.
Lets first see how you can backup your existing videos.</p>
<h3 id="backup-your-existing-youtube-videos">Backup Your Existing YouTube Videos.</h3>
<p>The best way to backup all your Videos together is using <a href="https://www.google.com/takeout" target="_blank">Google Takeout</a>. Login using your Google account and click on the "Create an Archive" button.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-05-10-backup-all-your-youtube-videos-to-google-drive/backup-yotube-videos11.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-05-10-backup-all-your-youtube-videos-to-google-drive/backup-yotube-videos11.png" alt="backup-yotube-videos1" /></a>
</p>
<p>The next page will show a list of all Google products associated with your account whose data can be backed up.
All of them will be selected by default, so make sure to unselect all and select only youtube.
An easy way would be to untick the “Select All” button at the top which will unselect all items.
Then scroll down and check the “YouTube” option.</p>
<p>Once done, scroll up to top and click on the “Create Archive” button. Takeout will start creation of an archive having all the files.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-05-10-backup-all-your-youtube-videos-to-google-drive/backup-yotube-videos12.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-05-10-backup-all-your-youtube-videos-to-google-drive/backup-yotube-videos12.png" alt="backup-yotube-videos2" /></a>
</p>
<p>It may take some time depending on the number of files you have and the total size. You can use the <em>“Email me when done”</em> option to get notified once the archival completes.
You can then download the created archive locally. Make sure to download it to your Google Drive shared folder or copy it there after download so it gets synced and backed up in the cloud.</p>
<p>If you want to download as videos itself, you can use other free tools like <a rel="nofollow" href="http://dvdvideosoft.com/products/dvd/Free-YouTube-Download.htm" target="_blank">Free Youtube Download</a> to download all videos with a single click.
<b>Please be careful while installing this tool</b> as it optionally installs a browser toolbar and modifies search preferences.
So please make sure you read and uncheck the optional checkboxes while installing to avoid surprises in your browser.</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-05-10-backup-all-your-youtube-videos-to-google-drive/youtube-video-download.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-05-10-backup-all-your-youtube-videos-to-google-drive/youtube-video-download.png" alt="youtube-video-download" /></a>
</p>
<p>Once downloaded, you could just copy the videos to the Google drive’s shared folder so they get synced and backed up in the cloud.</p>
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<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/backup-all-your-youtube-videos-to-google-drive/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>Google Drive not only makes it easy to backup your YouTube videos, but also makes video management simple. You can download backup videos any time, email directly as attachments, sync them locally and even preview them in Google Drive. 2-pages.How to force fsck to check filesystem after system reboot on Linux2018-05-07T16:00:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-force-fsck-to-check-filesystem-after-system-reboot-on-linux<p>This article will explain a procedure on how to force fsck to perform a filesystem check on the next system reboot or force filesystem check for any desired number of system reboots whether it is root or non-root mount point.</p>
<p>Let’s start with discussion about some tools which can be used to obtain filesystem information and configurations which control filesystem check after system reboot.
The tool which we are going to discuss is <strong>tune2fs</strong> filesystem managing utility.
Using <strong>tune2fs</strong> we can export some important information related to filesystem health check.</p>
<p>The following command will tell as when was the last time the filesystem <code class="highlighter-rouge">/dev/sdX</code> was checked:</p>
<p><small class="text-muted"><em>Any commands with a # at the start means “as root”.</em><small></small></small></p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">tune2fs</span><span class="kv"> -l /dev/sdbX | grep Last\ c
</span>Last checked: Sun Dec 13 09:14:22 2015
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Another useful information which can be retrieved by <strong>tune2fs</strong> command relates to how many times our <code class="highlighter-rouge">/dev/sdX</code> filesystem was mounted:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">tune2fs</span><span class="kv"> -l /dev/sdbX | grep Mount
</span>Mount count: 157
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>And lastly how many mounts are allowed to pass before filesystem check is forced:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">tune2fs</span><span class="kv"> -l /dev/sdbX | grep Max
</span>Maximum mount count: -1
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>From the above outputs we can establish the following information summary. The <code class="highlighter-rouge">/dev/sdbX</code> filesystem was last checked on <code class="highlighter-rouge">Sun Dec 13 09:14:22 2015</code>. Since the last check, this filesystem was mounted <code class="highlighter-rouge">157</code> times and maximum amount of mounts before next filesystem fsck check. In the above case the value <code class="highlighter-rouge">-1</code> means that fsck is disabled.</p>
<p>Now, that we have learned about some <code class="highlighter-rouge">tune2fs</code> basics let’s discuss PASS system configuration option found in <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/fstab</code> file containing all on boot mountable partitions and their relevant mount options.</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">blkid</span><span class="kv"> | grep sdb1
</span>/dev/sdb1: UUID="c6e22f63-e63c-40ed-bf9b-bb4a10f2db66" TYPE="ext2"
<span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">grep</span><span class="kv"> c6e22f63-e63c-40ed-bf9b-bb4a10f2db66 /etc/fstab
</span>UUID=c6e22f63-e63c-40ed-bf9b-bb4a10f2db66 /mnt ext2 errors=remount-ro 0 0
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>We have used <code class="highlighter-rouge">blkid</code> command to retrieve UUID for a given partition and then used the retrieved partition UUID to get a relevant information related to <code class="highlighter-rouge">/dev/sdb1</code> partition from <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/fstbab</code>. The last column that is a column 6, aka fsck PASS column is used by fsck to determine whether fsck should check filesystem before it is mounted and in which order given partitions in <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/fstab</code> should be checked. Possible entries for fstab PASS column are 0,1 and 2.</p>
<ol>
<li>0 - disabled, that is do not check filesystem</li>
<li>1 - partition with this PASS value has a higher priority and is check first. This value is usually set to root <strong>/</strong> partition</li>
<li>2 - partitions with this PASS value will be checked last</li>
</ol>
<p>The connection between fstab PASS value, last checked value and number of mounts value is as follows:<br />
During the system boot the first value which is checked is fstab PASS value. If this value is 0 that not other values are checked ( exemption .. see “Force fsck for root partition” below ) and the <code class="highlighter-rouge">fsck</code> will NOT perform filesystem check. If the PASS value found in <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/fstab</code> is any other than 0, that is 1 or 2 then values of maximum mounts and total mounts are checked. If the value of maximum mounts is greater or equal to total number of mounts value then fsck’s filesytem check will be performed. Few examples:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>FSCK DISABLED
fstab PASS: 1
Maximum mount count: -1
Mount count: 157
----
FSCK DISABLED
fstab PASS: 0
Maximum mount count: -1
Mount count: 157
----
FSCK ON NEXT REBOOT
fstab PASS: 1 or 2
Maximum mount count: 1
Mount count: 157
----
FSCK DISABLED
fstab PASS: 0
Maximum mount count: 1
Mount count: 1
----
FSCK ON NEXT REBOOT
fstab PASS: 1 or 2
Maximum mount count: 1
Mount count: 1
----
NO FSCK ON NEXT REBOOT
fstab PASS: 1 or 2
Maximum mount count: 200
Mount count: 157
</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="mt-2">
<!--paginator-->
<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/how-to-force-fsck-to-check-filesystem-after-system-reboot-on-linux/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>
</div>This article will explain a procedure on how to force fsck to perform a filesystem check on the next system reboot or force filesystem check for any desired number of system reboots whether it is root or non-root mount point. 2-pages.How To Install The Latest Nvidia Drivers In Ubuntu Via PPA2018-05-02T11:05:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-install-the-latest-nvidia-drivers-in-ubuntu-via-ppa<div>
<div class="image-excerpt float-sm-left text-center">
<a href="/images/thumbs/nvidiafx5200-128-thumb.png">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="/images/thumbs/nvidiafx5200-128-thumb.png" alt="excerpt-image" /></a>
</div>
<div class="excerpt">
<p>Upgrading to the latest version of the proprietary Nvidia drivers in Ubuntu was pretty complicated a while back. You would either have to use the official Linux installer, which was not always reliable, at least for me, or use a bleeding edge PPA, like the Xorg Edgers PPA, which would upgrade multiple packages, most of which were unstable.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearfix"></div>
<div class="mt-2"></div>
<p>That's no longer the case thanks to the <a href="https://launchpad.net/~graphics-drivers/+archive/ubuntu/ppa" target="_blank">Proprietary GPU Drivers PPA</a>, which offers stable proprietary Nvidia graphics driver updates, without updating other libraries to unstable versions (some libraries may still be updated using this PPA, if they are needed by the drivers, but there's nothing unstable in the PPA).</p>
<p>Despite its name, the PPA only provides proprietary Nvidia graphics drivers updates, with no support for AMD or Intel.</p>
<p><strong>Even though the PPA is probably the most stable way of upgrading to the latest proprietary Nvidia drivers version in Ubuntu, it’s still considered in testing</strong>. That means issues may still occur (though I didn’t encounter any and I’ve been using it for some time), so you should only use this PPA if you have experience with recovering your system from a failed graphics driver upgrade.</p>
<p>I should also mention that the PPA provides packages for all supported Ubuntu versions (16.10, 16.04, 15.10, 14.04 and 12.04). At the time I’m writing this article, the PPA provides the latest long lived branch version (367.27) of the Nvidia graphics drivers for Ubuntu 16.10 and 16.04 and the latest short lived branch version (364.19) for Ubuntu 15.10, 14.04 and 12.04.</p>
<p>You can check the latest Nvidia Linux graphics drivers version by visiting <a href="http://www.nvidia.com/object/unix.html" class="external">THIS</a> page.</p>
<h3 id="install-the-latest-nvidia-graphics-drivers-in-ubuntu-via-ppa">Install the latest Nvidia graphics drivers in Ubuntu via PPA</h3>
<ol>
<li>Add the PPA.</li>
</ol>
<p><b>Before proceeding, please read the <a href="https://launchpad.net/~graphics-drivers/+archive/ubuntu/ppa/" target="_blank">PPA description</a>!</b></p>
<p>To add the Proprietary GPU Drivers PPA in Ubuntu and update the software sources, use the following commands:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nv">$ </span>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
<span class="nv">$ </span>sudo apt update
</code></pre>
</div>
<ol start="2"><li><b>Install (and activate) the latest Nvidia graphics drivers.</b></li></ol>
<p>From <em>System Settings</em> or directly from the menu / Dash, open <em>Software &amp; Updates</em>, click on the “Additional Drivers” tab, select the driver you want to use, and click “Apply changes”:</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-05-02-how-to-install-the-latest-nvidia-drivers-in-ubuntu-via-ppa/software-updates-drivers.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-05-02-how-to-install-the-latest-nvidia-drivers-in-ubuntu-via-ppa/software-updates-drivers.png" alt="software-updates" /></a>
</p>
<p><strong>After the driver is downloaded and installed, restart your system.</strong> That’s it!</p>
<p>You can also install the latest drivers using Synaptic or from the command line. To see the available versions, you can use:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nv">$ </span>apt-cache search nvidia
<span class="nv">$ </span>apt search nvidia
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>And look for the packages called “nvidia-VERSION”, for instance “nvidia-367” for the latest 367.27 graphics drivers, and install it (“sudo apt install nvidia-VERSION”).</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nv">$ </span>sudo apt-get update
<span class="nv">$ </span>sudo apt install nvidia-VERSION
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>or if it not working try:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nv">$ </span>sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
<span class="nv">$ </span>sudo apt-get update
<span class="nv">$ </span>sudo apt-get install nvidia-current
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>If screen goes to black (frequency out of rate) in old CRT’s reboot in recovery mode, and try the next page instructions to remove nvidiafb, nouveau because “this appearly causes conflicts” before to reinstall nvidia drivers. This works for me in Xubuntu 16.04 LTS with lightdm sesion manager. :)</p>
<!--paginator-->
<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/how-to-install-the-latest-nvidia-drivers-in-ubuntu-via-ppa/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>Upgrading to the latest version of the proprietary Nvidia drivers in Ubuntu was pretty complicated a while back. You would either have to use the official Linux installer, which was not always reliable, at least for me, or use a bleeding edge PPA&#8230; 2-pages.Jpeg Image Optimization Linux - Compress Command2018-04-28T19:43:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/jpeg-image-optimization-linux-compress-command<p>How do I compress and optimize JPEG images on my amazon cloud account so that I can save bandwidth on cloudfront cdn account? How do I use an image compressor to create lossless compression on JPEG files, with no effect on image quality in bulk using Linux?</p>
<!--more-->
<div class="mt-12"></div>
<p>JPG file format is recommended for high resolution photographic-style images. You need to use jpegoptim command. It is used to optimize/compress jpeg files. Program supports lossless optimization, which is based on optimizing the Huffman tables. And so called “lossy” optimization where in addition to optimizing Huffman tables user can specify upperlimit for image quality.</p>
<h3 id="installation">Installation</h3>
<p><small class="text-muted"><em>Any commands with a # at the start means “as root”.</em><small></small></small></p>
<p>Type the following command:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">apt-get</span><span class="kv"> install jpegoptim
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
<p>The syntax is:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>jpegoptim file.jpeg
jpegoptim [options] file.jpeg
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Type the following command to optimize <code class="highlighter-rouge">photo.jpeg</code>, enter:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">jpegoptim</span><span class="kv"> photo.jpeg
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Sample outputs:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text">photo.jpeg 1312x948 24bit JFIF [OK] 25226 --&gt; 10744 bytes (57.41%), optimized.</code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="how-do-i-process-files-in-batch">How do I process files in batch?</h3>
<p>Use <a href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/bash-for-loop/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">the bash for loop as follows</a>:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1
2</pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="c">#!/bin/bash</span>
<span class="k">for </span>i <span class="k">in </span>one.jpeg two.jpeg foo.jpeg; <span class="k">do </span>jpegoptim <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$i</span><span class="s2">"</span>; <span class="k">done</span><span class="w">
</span></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></code></pre></figure>
<p>OR</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1
2
3
4</pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="c">#!/bin/bash</span>
<span class="c">## process all *.jpeg in the current directory </span>
<span class="k">for </span>i <span class="k">in</span> <span class="k">*</span>.jpeg; <span class="k">do </span>jpegoptim <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$i</span><span class="s2">"</span>; <span class="k">done</span>
<span class="w">
</span></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="references">References</h4>
<ol>
<li><a href="http://freecode.com/projects/jpegoptim" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">jpegoptim</a> home page.</li>
<li>See man page for more information and examples - <a href="http://www.manpager.com/linux/man1/jpegoptim.1.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">jpegoptim(1)</a></li>
</ol>How do I compress and optimize JPEG images on my amazon cloud account so that I can save bandwidth on cloudfront cdn account? How do I use an image compressor to create lossless compression on JPEG files, with no effect on image quality in bulk using Linux?Linux / Unix Command To Optimize and Compress PNG Files In Bulk2018-04-24T14:21:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/linux-unix-command-to-optimize-compress-png-files-in-bulk<p>I have lots of images in png format (over 250k+ png). Properly formatting and compressing png images can save many bytes of data. How do I compress and optimize png images on my amazon cloud account so that I can save bandwidth on cloudfront cdn account?</p>
<p>How do I use an image compressor to create lossless compression on PNG files, with no effect on image quality in bulk using Red Hat Enterprise Linux bash shell?</p>
<p>The following image format is recommended and used by big web sites such as Google / Yahoo / Amazon / Facebook etc:</p>
<ol>
<li>PNG file format is recommended for <strong>web</strong>.</li>
<li>GIF file format is recommended for <strong>small size</strong> images.</li>
<li>JPG file format is recommended for <strong>high resolution photographic-style</strong> images.</li>
<li><strong>Do not use</strong> BMPs or TIFFs.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="say-hello-to-optipng">Say hello to optipng</h3>
<p>You need to use a tool called optipng. It is a PNG optimizer that recompresses image files to a smaller size, without losing any information. This program also converts external formats (BMP, GIF, PNM and TIFF) to optimized PNG, and performs PNG integrity checks and corrections. This tool can be installed on any server powered by Unix or Linux operating systems.</p>
<h4 id="installation">Installation</h4>
<p><small class="text-muted"><em>Any commands with a # at the start means “as root”.</em><small></small></small></p>
<p>Type the following yum command to install optipng:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">yum</span><span class="kv"> install optipng
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>On debian and derivatives type in terminal:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">apt-get</span><span class="kv"> install optipng
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="how-do-i-use-optipng-command">How do I use optipng command?</h3>
<p>The syntax is:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text">optipng file
optipng [options] file
optipng [options] input.png</code></pre></figure>
<p>To display png image size, type, and compression info, enter:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">pnginfo</span><span class="kv"> -t test.png
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Sample outputs:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text">test.png (tiffinfo compatible labels)...
Image Width: 1164 Image Length: 911
Bits/Sample: 8
Samples/Pixel: 3
Pixel Depth: 24
Colour Type (Photometric Interpretation): RGB
Image filter: Single row per byte filter
Interlacing: No interlacing
Compression Scheme: Deflate method 8, 32k window
Resolution: 0, 0 (unit unknown)
FillOrder: msb-to-lsb
Byte Order: Network (Big Endian)
Number of text strings: 1 of 9
Software (xTXt deflate compressed): Shutter</code></pre></figure>
<div class="mt-2">
<div class="mt-3 text-center">
<p><a href="/posts/linux-unix-command-to-optimize-compress-png-files-in-bulk/page_2.html">Next page &raquo;</a></p>
</div>
</div>I have lots of images in png format (over 250k+ png). Properly formatting and compressing png images can save many bytes of data. How do I compress and optimize png images on my amazon cloud account so that I can save bandwidth on cloudfront cdn account? 2-pages.Mono sound output in Ubuntu2018-04-20T16:01:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/mono-sound-output-ubuntu<p>Mono sound output in Ubuntu? Hi, is there an easy way of forcing mono sound output on linux - for one ear, one earphone, one speaker?</p>
<p class="lead">You can use the module to remap pulseaudio:</p>
<p>In a terminal:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">pacmd</span><span class="kv"> list-sinks | grep name:
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>It will send you the name of the stereo output used. Then you type (replacing with the name you have found):</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">pacmd</span><span class="kv"> load-module module-remap-sink sink_name=mono master=THE_NAME_FROM_THE_PREVIOUS_COMMAND channels=2 channel_map=mono,mono</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>In my case that was:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">pacmd</span><span class="kv"> load-module module-remap-sink sink_name=mono master=alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1e.2.analog-stereo channels=2 channel_map=mono,mono</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>If you open the Sound Preferences you should now have a mono output available. To have that permanently:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>gksudo gedit /etc/pulse/default.pa
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Then you add in the file:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1
2</pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="c">#Remapping output stereo to mono</span>
load-module module-remap-sink <span class="nv">sink_name</span><span class="o">=</span>mono <span class="nv">master</span><span class="o">=</span>THE_NAME_FROM_THE_PREVIOUS_COMMAND <span class="nv">channels</span><span class="o">=</span>2 <span class="nv">channel_map</span><span class="o">=</span>mono,mono<span class="w">
</span></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></code></pre></figure>
<p>Here’s a working example:</p>
<div class="my-1 mt-2 pt-2 py-1 text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-04-20-mono-sound-output-ubuntu/monosoundout.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-04-20-mono-sound-output-ubuntu/monosoundout.png" /></a><br />
<small>The image is from the sound settings of xubuntu OS Linux :)</small>
</div>
<p><a href="http://superuser.com/questions/657876/mono-sound-output-in-ubuntu" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source</a></p>Mono sound output in Ubuntu? Hi, is there an easy way of forcing mono sound output on linux - for one ear, one earphone, one speaker?Dwm configuration and installation linux - Debian/Ubuntu2018-04-18T16:01:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/dwm-configuration-and-installation-linux-debian-ubuntu<!--header_page1-->
<p>Overview:</p>
<p>Part 1: <b>Preparation</b></p>
<p><a href="/posts/dwm-configuration-and-installation-linux-debian-ubuntu/page_2.html">Part 2: Configuration</a></p>
<p><a href="/posts/dwm-configuration-and-installation-linux-debian-ubuntu/page_3.html">Part 3: There are a lot of options</a></p>
<p><a href="/posts/dwm-configuration-and-installation-linux-debian-ubuntu/page_4.html">Part 4: Installation</a></p>
<hr />
<p>This has led to it gaining a reputation as “experts only”, but the aim of this how to is to show that this is not necessarily the case. For me, after using openbox, fluxbox, ratpoison, evilwm, icewm, I found that I knew what features I wanted and what I didn’t, and dwm just does its job with minimal fuss and maximum speed.</p>
<p class="text-muted"><em>Any commands with a # at the start means “as root”.</em></p>
<p>Note: *This howto will discuss two ways of installing dwm: the generic, quick-and-dirty “make install” way, and the ‘proper’ APT/Debian way. Both ways have their ups and downs; as always, it’s your system, just be aware of your choices.</p>
<hr />
<h3 id="part-1-preparation">Part 1: Preparation</h3>
<p>Before we start, let’s get the dependencies: (they are probably already on your system if you’re using X anyway)</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">aptitude</span><span class="kv"> install libc6 libx11-6 libxinerama1</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>or</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> apt-get install libx11-dev libxinerama-dev</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>We’ll need the build-dependencies, and also make and gcc:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">aptitude</span><span class="kv"> build-dep dwm
</span><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">aptitude</span><span class="kv"> install make gcc</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Also, we’ll want an application launcher like dmenu, although you could use gmrun or similar. dmenu is part of this package:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">aptitude</span><span class="kv"> install suckless-tools</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>The default font for the status bar is Terminus, so if you want that you’ll need this package:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">aptitude</span><span class="kv"> install xfonts-terminus</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>dwm can be installed as a normal package, but that would kind of defeat the purpose as you wouldn’t be able to customise it :)<br />
So, make a directory to put the dwm source into, for example:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">mkdir</span><span class="kv"> ~/Build</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Then move into that directory, download the source, then move into the new dwm directory:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">cd</span><span class="kv"> ~/Build
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">apt-get</span><span class="kv"> source dwm
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">cd</span><span class="kv"> dwm_6.0 # (or whatever it is)</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Have a look at what you have now; check out the README in particular.
But what we really want to do is customise this baby, so…</p>
<!--paginator-->
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</nav>
</div>Dynamic window manager (dwm) is a minimalist tiling window manager, famous for being ultra-lightweight and infamous for needing to be recomplied every time you make changes to the configuration. 4-pages.How to send email using simple smtp commands via gmail2018-04-16T18:40:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-send-email-using-simple-smtp-commands-via-gmail<p>To send over gmail, you need to use an encrypted connection. this is not possible with telnet alone, but you can use tools like openssl either connect using the starttls option in openssl to convert the plain connection to encrypted.
<!--more--></p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> openssl s_client -starttls smtp -connect smtp.gmail.com:587 -crlf -ign_eof
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>or connect to a ssl sockect directly…</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> openssl s_client -connect smtp.gmail.com:465 -crlf -ign_eof
</code></pre>
</div>
<p><strong>EHLO localhost</strong></p>
<p>After that, authenticate to the server using the base64 encoded username/password</p>
<p><strong>AUTH PLAIN AG15ZW1haWxAZ21haWwuY29tAG15cGFzc3dvcmQ=</strong><br />
To get this from the commandline:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> perl -MMIME::Base64 -e <span class="s1">'print encode_base64("\000myemail\@gmail.com\000mypassword")'</span>
<span class="nv">AG15ZW1haWxAZ21haWwuY29tAG15cGFzc3dvcmQ</span><span class="o">=</span>
</code></pre>
</div>
<p>Then continue with “mail from:” like in your example</p>
<p>Example session:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25</pre></td><td class="code"><pre>openssl s_client -connect smtp.gmail.com:465 -crlf -ign_eof
<span class="o">[</span>... lots of openssl output ...]
220 mx.google.com ESMTP m46sm11546481eeh.9
EHLO localhost
250-mx.google.com at your service, <span class="o">[</span>1.2.3.4]
250-SIZE 35882577
250-8BITMIME
250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN XOAUTH
250 ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
AUTH PLAIN <span class="nv">AG5pY2UudHJ5QGdtYWlsLmNvbQBub2l0c25vdG15cGFzc3dvcmQ</span><span class="o">=</span>
235 2.7.0 Accepted
MAIL FROM: &lt;gryphius-demo@gmail.com&gt;
250 2.1.0 OK m46sm11546481eeh.9
RCPT TO: &lt;somepoorguy@example.com&gt;
250 2.1.5 OK m46sm11546481eeh.9
DATA
354 Go ahead m46sm11546481eeh.9
Subject: it works
yay!
.
250 2.0.0 OK 1339757532 m46sm11546481eeh.9
quit
221 2.0.0 closing connection m46sm11546481eeh.9
<span class="nb">read</span>:errno<span class="o">=</span>0<span class="w">
</span></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></code></pre></figure>
<p class="text-success">wow yea!</p>
<p><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1516754/connecting-to-smtp-gmail-com-via-command-line" target="_blank">Link to complete discussion</a></p>To send over gmail, you need to use an encrypted connection. this is not possible with telnet alone, but you can use tools like openssl either connect using the starttls option in openssl to convert the plain connection to encrypted.Launch Software Sources from the command-line ubuntu and variants2018-04-14T17:07:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/launch-software-sources-from-the-command-line-ubuntu-and-variants<p>The problem: Canonical started to integrate everything in the Ubuntu Software Center. Software Sources is available from this, <em>but how to launch it from the command-line?</em>
<!--more--></p>
<h3 id="solution">Solution</h3>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">gksudo</span><span class="kv"> software-properties-gtk
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Don’t use sudo with graphic applications!<br />
Use <code class="highlighter-rouge">gksu</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">gksudo</code> instead !!</p>
<p>Here is why: <a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo#Graphical_sudo" target="_blank">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo#Graphical_sudo</a></p>
<p>And why: <a href="http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/graphicalsudo" target="_blank">http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/graphicalsudo</a></p>The problem: Canonical started to integrate everything in the Ubuntu Software Center. Software Sources is available from this, but how to launch it from the command-line?How to reset forgotten Windows 8 - 8.1 password recover2018-04-12T15:57:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-password<div>
<div class="image-excerpt float-sm-left text-center">
<a href="/images/thumbs/passw8-1-thumb.png">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="/images/thumbs/passw8-1-thumb.png" alt="excerpt-image" /></a>
</div>
<div class="excerpt">
<p><em>Did you forget windows logon password?</em> You will need windows DVD or bootable Flash Drive Having Windows 8, 8.1. And you could be needing positively continue reading. 5-pages.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearfix"></div>
<div class="mt-2"></div>
<!--header_page1-->
<p>Contents</p>
<p>Page 1: <b>Select your DVD or flash drive using up down button &amp; hit Enter</b></p>
<p><a href="/posts/how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-password/page_2.html">Page 2: Click on Troubleshoot</a></p>
<p><a href="/posts/how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-password/page_3.html">Page 3: Now you have Two ways to reset the password</a></p>
<p><a href="/posts/how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-password/page_4.html">Page 4: Now lets Revert the changes which we made</a></p>
<p><a href="/posts/how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-password/page_5.html">Page 5: Revert the changes... continuation</a></p>
<hr />
<p>Insert Windows DVD OR Bootable Flash Drive and after inserting required Media, restart your computer.<br />
While starting Press the Boot key on Keyboard, boot key varies by computer Manufacturer. Generally it is from F2 - F12 For HP - F9 Dell - F2 or Check on google.</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Select your DVD or flash drive using up down button &amp; hit Enter.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-04-12-how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-8.1-password/passw8-2.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-04-12-how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-8.1-password/passw8-2.png" alt="passw8-2" /></a>
</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Here Hit any Key.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-04-12-how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-8.1-password/bootwind2.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-04-12-how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-8.1-password/bootwind2.png" alt="bootwind2" /></a>
</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>It will boot from DVD or flash drive, change the language if it’s required and hit Next here:</strong></li>
</ul>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-04-12-how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-8.1-password/passw8-3.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-04-12-how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-8.1-password/passw8-3.png" alt="passw8-3" /></a>
</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Click on repair your computer.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-04-12-how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-8.1-password/passw8-4.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-04-12-how-to-reset-forgotten-windows-8-8.1-password/passw8-4.png" alt="passw8-4" /></a>
</p>
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</div>Did you forget windows logon password? You will need windows DVD or bootable Flash Drive Having Windows 8, 8.1. And you could be needing positively continue reading. 5-pages.Make scrollbar visible in mobile browsers2018-04-11T20:23:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/make-scrollbar-visible-in-mobile-browsers<p>When I have a web page with a scrollable content. With css property <code class="highlighter-rouge">overflow:auto</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">overflow:visible</code> the scrollbar is visible on desktop browsers, but not when I open the page on mobile browsers.
<!--more--></p>
<p>When I open the page on mobile browsers the scrollbar appears only when I try to scroll. Is there a way to make the scrollbar always visible on mobile devices? I have tried some JQuery libraries but none of them have worked.
The html code is trivial, I have a scrollable div with an IFrame inside:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"wrapper"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;iframe</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"frameContent"</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"mysite"</span> <span class="na">scrollable=</span><span class="s">"yes"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/div&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>The css:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-css" data-lang="css"><span class="nf">#wrapper</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">overflow</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">scroll</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">-webkit-overflow-scrolling</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">touch</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">width</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">500px</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">height</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">200px</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nf">#frameContent</span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">width</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">100%</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">height</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">100%</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span> </code></pre></figure>
<p>Try adding the below to your CSS, note that this is <a href="https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=77790" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">webkit</a> <a href="https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=547260" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">specific</a>:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-css" data-lang="css"><span class="nd">::-webkit-scrollbar</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">-webkit-appearance</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">none</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nd">::-webkit-scrollbar:vertical</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">width</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">12px</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nd">::-webkit-scrollbar:horizontal</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">height</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">12px</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nd">::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">background-color</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">rgba</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">.5</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nl">border-radius</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">10px</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">border</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">2px</span> <span class="nb">solid</span> <span class="m">#ffffff</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nd">::-webkit-scrollbar-track</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">border-radius</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">10px</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">background-color</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">#ffffff</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="related-comments">Related comments:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Unfortunately, your JSFiddle does not have the expected behaviour…the scrollbar is not visible
What browser are you using?</li>
<li>…But the css works with my html page…question solved! Thanks!</li>
<li>What about the non-webkit browsers?</li>
<li>This solution doesn’t work on Chrome on iOS8. Any other ideas?</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="links">Links</h4>
<p><a href="http://jsfiddle.net/swfour/2nT38/" target="_blank">Demo Fiddle</a> |
<a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22907777/make-scrollbar-visible-in-mobile-browsers" target="_blank">Stackoverflow</a></p>When I have a web page with a scrollable content. With css property overflow:auto or overflow:visible the scrollbar is visible on desktop browsers, but not when I open the page on mobile browsers.Prism syntax highlighting for your website code2018-04-09T10:05:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/prism-syntax-highlighting-for-your-website<p>Today we’ll be looking at a great tool that some of you may have heard of: PrismJS. Prism is a simple, lightweight, and easy to use syntax highlighter. It is easily customizable and has support for some plugins to extend its functionality.
<!--more--></p>
<p class="text-center"><a href="/images/posts/2018-04-09-prism-syntax-highlighting-for-your-website/sh-03.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-04-09-prism-syntax-highlighting-for-your-website/sh-03.png" alt="example-html-image" /></a><br />
<small>Prism Demo - <a href="http://tutsplus.github.io/syntax-highlighter-demos/prism.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Default Theme</a> (html)</small></p>
<p class="text-center"><a href="/images/posts/2018-04-09-prism-syntax-highlighting-for-your-website/sh-04.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-04-09-prism-syntax-highlighting-for-your-website/sh-04.png" alt="example-html-Okaidia-theme-image" /></a><br />
<small>Prism Demo - <a href="http://tutsplus.github.io/syntax-highlighter-demos/prism_okaidia.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Okaidia Theme</a> (html)</small></p>
<h3 id="customized-download-system">Customized Download System</h3>
<p>Prism has support for 61 languages, including all the web design languages we’re using in our demos. When you <a href="http://prismjs.com/download.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">download Prism</a>, however, you don’t have to bring in all these languages; you can choose only the ones you need. You can also choose the theme you want to use, then the required JavaScript and CSS will be generated for you.</p>
<p>After selecting the theme and languages you want, download your JS and CSS files at the bottom of the download page.</p>
<p>If you decide you want to use a different theme, just make a new theme selection from the top of the page and download the regenerated stylesheet.</p>
<h3 id="deployment-method">Deployment Method</h3>
<ol>
<li>Load the JavaScript file and CSS file from your customized build.
Now we will include these files into our project.</li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="cp">&lt;!doctype html&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;html&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;head&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;meta</span> <span class="na">charset=</span><span class="s">"utf-8"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;title&gt;</span>Look At Me Prism-ing<span class="nt">&lt;/title&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;link</span> <span class="na">rel=</span><span class="s">"stylesheet"</span> <span class="na">href=</span><span class="s">"css/prism.css"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;script </span><span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"js/prism.js"</span><span class="nt">&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/head&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;body&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/body&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/html&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p class="text-success">That’s it. Now we are ready to use Prism.</p>
<ol start="2">
<li>Wrap each code block in a <code>pre</code> element, and then in a <code>code</code> element inside it, using the class of the <code>code</code> element to specify language:</li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;pre&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;code</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"language-javascript"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
// code here
<span class="nt">&lt;/code&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/pre&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Just like that you have beautiful syntax highlighting. Notice how we use language-markup to highlight HTML files. Here are the different classes to use for the different languages.</p>
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table table-striped table-hover">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Language </th>
<th>Class </th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>HTML </td>
<td>language-markup </td>
</tr><tr><td>CSS </td>
<td>language-css </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>JavaScript </td>
<td>language-javascript </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CoffeeScript </td>
<td>language-coffeescript </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PHP </td>
<td>language-php </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ruby </td>
<td>language-ruby </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Go </td>
<td>language-go </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h4>Links</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://tutsplus.github.io/syntax-highlighter-demos/prism.html" target="_blank">Live demo</a> | <a href="http://prismjs.com/#languages-list" target="_blank">List of supported languages</a></li>
<li><a href="http://prismjs.com/" target="_blank">PrismJS website</a> | <a href="https://github.com/PrismJS/prism" target="_blank">On GitHub</a></li>
<li><a href="https://webdesign.tutsplus.com/articles/25-syntax-highlighters-tried-and-tested--cms-23931" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Web desing tuts</a> | <a href="https://scotch.io/tutorials/get-beautiful-syntax-highlighting-for-your-website-code" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Scotch tutorials</a></li>
</ul>Today we’ll be looking at a great tool that some of you may have heard of: PrismJS. Prism is a simple, lightweight, and easy to use syntax highlighter. It is easily customizable and has support for some plugins to extend its functionality.How to remove Wine program entries from the menu2018-04-09T10:05:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-remove-wine-program-entries-from-menu<p>I had installed some programms with Wine, but I removed Wine from my computer. Now when I browse all applications in the Unity menu, the symbols of the programms I installed with Wine are still there. <em>How can I remove them?</em>
<!--more--></p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-04-09-how-to-remove-wine-program-entries-from-menu/winemenuentries.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-04-09-how-to-remove-wine-program-entries-from-menu/winemenuentries.png" alt="wine-menu-entries-image" /></a>
</p>
<p class="text-danger">Carefull - mistakes when using sudo to delete stuff can be disastrous!</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">rm</span><span class="kv"> ~/.local/share/applications/wine*.desktop
</span><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> rm /usr/share/applications/wine*.desktop
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>You might need to log out and back in to see the changes, depending on the desktop you are using (kde, gnome, …).</p>
<hr />
<h3 id="how-can-i-remove-orphaned-start-menu-entries">How can I remove orphaned start menu entries?</h3>
<p>For some reason I have a bunch of left-over start menu entries from applications (e.g, Gnome Do, Synapse, Leafpad.) and was wondering if there’s a way to remove all orphaned entries for applications that are no longer installed?</p>
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-04-09-how-to-remove-wine-program-entries-from-menu/winemenu.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-04-09-how-to-remove-wine-program-entries-from-menu/winemenu.png" alt="wine-menu-image" /></a>
</p>
<p>You can use the following command to list application icons that link to nonexistent programs:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="k">for </span>i <span class="k">in</span> <span class="o">{</span>/usr,~/.local<span class="o">}</span>/share/applications/<span class="k">*</span>.desktop; <span class="k">do </span>which <span class="k">$(</span>grep -Poh <span class="s1">'(?&lt;=Exec=).*?( |$)'</span> <span class="nv">$i</span><span class="k">)</span> &gt; /dev/null <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="nv">$i</span>; <span class="k">done</span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="res">Res:/</h4>
<p>I suspect you’ll find that most of yours are customized icons in your home folder, since these are not automatically cleaned up by the package manager. If this is the case and you’d like to <a href="http://packages.ubuntu.com/trash-cli" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">trash</a> <a href="http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/trash-cli" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">trash-cli</a> them all at once, you can use a modification of the previous command:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="k">for </span>i <span class="k">in</span> ~/.local/share/applications/<span class="k">*</span>.desktop; <span class="k">do </span>which <span class="k">$(</span>grep -Poh <span class="s1">'(?&lt;=Exec=).*?( |$)'</span> <span class="nv">$i</span><span class="k">)</span> &gt; /dev/null <span class="o">||</span> trash <span class="nv">$i</span>; <span class="k">done</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Or, of course, browse to <code class="highlighter-rouge">~/.local/share/applications/</code> in Nautilus and trash them via the graphical interface.</p>
<p><a href="http://askubuntu.com/questions/40884/how-can-i-remove-orphaned-start-menu-entries" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source</a></p>I had installed some programms with Wine, but I removed Wine from my computer. Now when I browse all applications in the Unity menu, the symbols of the programms I installed with Wine are still there. How can I remove them?Simple scanner setup for debian-ubuntu using SANE and the Gimp in linux2018-04-08T13:11:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/simple-scanner-setup-using-sane-and-Gimp-linux<p>I have been impressed with the SANE project for scanners. Because I haven’t had to screw around with ANYTHING so far to get my scanners to work (across several different configurations).
<!--more-->
Sometimes separate units, sometimes built into the printer, sometimes parallel port, usually USB port.</p>
<ul>
<li>All that you have had to do is install the packages <code class="highlighter-rouge">sane</code>:</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">apt-get</span><span class="kv"> install sane
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li>And don’t forget install <code class="highlighter-rouge">xsane</code> to get the front-end GUI and the system up and running.</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="ni"># </span><span class="nc">apt-get</span><span class="kv"> install xsane
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Scanning from within the Gimp is easy - just go to:<br />
<code class="highlighter-rouge">File-&gt;Acquire-&gt;QuiteInsane</code><br />
And the rest should be straight-forward.
If you have a special Hewlett-Packard multi-function printer then you can also scan from within the “hplip” project.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.sane-project.org/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source</a></p>
<h4 id="related-post">Related post:</h4>
<p><a href="/posts/driver-linux-hp-deskJet-f2100.html">Driver Linux HP DeskJet F2100</a></p>I have been impressed with the SANE project for scanners. Because I haven’t had to screw around with ANYTHING so far to get my scanners to work (across several different configurations).Driver Linux HP DeskJet F21002018-04-08T11:03:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/driver-linux-hp-deskJet-f2100<p>Color inkjet printer, max. 1200x600 dpi, Mostly Recommended Driver: hplip <br /> Generic Instructions: CUPS, LPD, LPRng, PPR, PDQ, no spooler, very inexpensive entry level model.
<!--more--></p>
<ul>
<li>Discussion forum</li>
</ul>
<p>Look for help in our <a href="http://forums.openprinting.org/list.php?20" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">forum for printers from HP and Apollo.</a></p>
<ul>
<li>Comments</li>
</ul>
<p>For basic printing functionality use the <a href="http://hplipopensource.com/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">HPIJS driver</a>. For advanced functionality such as printer status and maintenance features, use the <a href="http://hplipopensource.com/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">HPLIP driver</a> (which includes HPIJS).</p>
<p>Does not understand PCL as most other DeskJets, it uses the so-called “Lightweight Imaging Device Interface Language” (LIDIL), these printers are supported by the HPLIP driver beginning from version 1.3.</p>
<p>Consumables/Refills: 1 colour (CMY) cartridge and optionally 1 black (K) cartridge</p>
<h3 id="drivers">Drivers</h3>
<p>The following driver(s) are known to drive this printer:</p>
<ul>
<li>Recommended driver: hplip <a href="http://hplipopensource.com/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">(Home page)</a></li>
</ul>
<!--image-->
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-04-08-driver-linux-hp-deskJet-f2100/hplib.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-04-08-driver-linux-hp-deskJet-f2100/hplib.png" alt="hplib-description-image" /></a>
</p>
<h4 id="sources">Sources</h4>
<div class="zero">
<p><a href="http://www.hp.com/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">HP DeskJet F2100</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.linuxfoundation.org">The Linux Foundation</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/openprinting/">OpenPrinting</a></p>
<p><a href="https://launchpad.net/hplip" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">HPLIP support and bug tracking system (voluntary)</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.openprinting.org/printer/HP/HP-DeskJet_F2100" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Openprinting.org HP-DeskJet_F2100</a></p>
</div>
<h4 id="related-post">Related post:</h4>
<p><a href="/posts/simple-scanner-setup-using-sane-and-Gimp-linux.html">Simple scanner setup for debian-ubuntu using SANE and the Gimp in linux</a></p>Color inkjet printer, max. 1200x600 dpi, Mostly Recommended Driver: hplip Generic Instructions: CUPS, LPD, LPRng, PPR, PDQ, no spooler, very inexpensive entry level model.Lubuntu display Xorg service goes to black “Cpu pipe b fifo underrun”2018-04-08T09:53:00-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/lubuntu-display-xorg-service-goes-to-black<p>I installed Lubuntu on a DELL Latitude 2110 and, When I log in, it works alright, it runs the <code class="highlighter-rouge">lightdm</code> session manager and everything appears to be working alright, except for the display.
<!--more-->
The display stops in black screen and nothing I can do.<br />
When I press the <em>“Ctrl+Alt+F1”</em> keys combination, quits black screen, however, I can read the kernel message invading my bash prompt:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="o">[</span>drm:intel_cpu_fifo_underrun_irq_handler <span class="o">[</span>i915]] <span class="k">*</span>ERROR<span class="k">*</span> CPU pipe B FIFO underrun
</code></pre>
</div>
<h3 id="solution">Solution</h3>
<p>The default method is SNA (as of 2013-08-05), which is less stable, but faster. Review the benchmarks made by Phoronix. UXA is still a solid choice if you experience problems with SNA.<br />
To use the old UXA acceleration method, you must create the <code class="highlighter-rouge">/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf</code> file with the following content:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>It was just a matter of following the recommendation that was given when I installed the video driver <code class="highlighter-rouge">xf86-video-intel</code>:</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>This driver uses SNA as the default acceleration method. You can try
falling back to UXA if you run into trouble. To do so, save a file with
the following content as /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf:
</code></pre>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1
2
3
4
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6</pre></td><td class="code"><pre> Section <span class="s2">"Device"</span>
Identifier <span class="s2">"Intel Graphics"</span>
Driver <span class="s2">"intel"</span>
Option <span class="s2">"AccelMethod"</span> <span class="s2">"uxa"</span>
<span class="c">#Option "AccelMethod" "sna"</span>
EndSection<span class="w">
</span></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="replies">Replies:)</h3>
<ul>
<li>I had the very same issue until moments ago with a Dell Inspiron 13 7348. Solved with the same method.</li>
<li>Thanks man…. you helped me solve the same problem on my Asus Zenbook UX305!!</li>
<li>I guess “SNA vs UXA” is the new “Nvidia vs ATI”.</li>
</ul>
<ul class="list-inline">
<li><h4>Sources:</h4></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=198157" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 1</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/intel_graphics" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 2</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Intel_graphics_(Espa%C3%B1ol)" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source 3</a></li>
</ul>I installed Lubuntu on a DELL Latitude 2110 and, When I log in, it works alright, it runs the lightdm session manager and everything appears to be working alright, except for the display.How to join two MKV files in Ubuntu2018-04-04T20:43:04-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-join-two-mkv-files-in-ubuntu<p>I have an opera that I’m ripping to my computer in MKV format with Handbrake. This opera is on two discs. Is there a way to join the resulting MKV’s together? They will have the same bitrate, resolution…
<!--more--></p>
<blockquote>
<p>If I do this, can I keep chapters from both MKV files organized? And, since I have subtitles in the file (not burnt in), will they still stay intact?</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="solution">Solution</h3>
<p>The Recommended way is to use mkvtoolnix</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sudo</span><span class="kv"> apt-get install mkvtoolnix mkvtoolnix-gui</span></code></pre></figure>
<ul>
<li>Start mmg (graphical user interface for mkvmerge)</li>
<li>“Add” the first file</li>
<li>“Append” the second one, third, fourth, …</li>
<li>Set output name in the textbox at the bottom</li>
<li>“Start muxing”</li>
</ul>
<p>Subtitles are preserved and properly concatenated, so are audio and video. Chapters can be edited in the resulting file with mmg.</p>
<p>This procedure creates a properly muxed file.<br />
Any problems should be mentioned in the “log”-window in mmg.<br />
You can even set and name audio and subtitle tracks with the correct language codes and Annotations like “Forced” or “Directors Commentary”.</p>
<p>If you plan to do this repeatedly on different files you better use the command line version mkvmerge <code class="highlighter-rouge">mkvmerge --help</code></p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-terminal" data-lang="terminal"><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">mkvmerge</span><span class="kv"> -o output.mkv input1.mkv +input2.mkv</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>This from command line instruction works fine in debian-ubuntu specially. The GUI not goes as fine as the bash line command prompt instruction.</p>
<!--image-->
<p class="text-center">
<a href="/images/posts/2018-04-04-how-to-join-two-mkv-files-in-ubuntu/merge-mkv-videos.png"><img class="img-fluid" src="/images/posts/2018-04-04-how-to-join-two-mkv-files-in-ubuntu/merge-mkv-videos.png" alt="merge-mkv-videos-image" /></a>
</p>
<p><a href="https://askubuntu.com/questions/115585/joining-two-mkv-files-in-ubuntu" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Source</a></p>I have an opera that I’m ripping to my computer in MKV format with Handbrake. This opera is on two discs. Is there a way to join the resulting MKV’s together? They will have the same bitrate, resolution…How to check an .ISO MD5 and sha256 checksums2018-04-02T09:07:04-07:00http://alvistec.com/posts/how-to-check-an-iso-md5-checksum<p>I always wondered why we couldn’t just use a simple bash command line to verify that the downloaded packages have be corrupted or not. Under Debian and thus Ubuntu and other derivatives, the md5sum tool has to be installed and used for that purpose.
<!--more-->
If your system doesn’t have md5sum (used in the example here) or another MD5 hash checking tool, then you will need to install one. There are a lot number in the web that you will find by searching for md5sum.</p>
<p>First open a terminal and go to the correct directory to check a downloaded .iso file:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">cd</span><span class="kv"> /&lt;path.to.directory&gt;
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Then run the following commands from within the download directory:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">ls</span><span class="kv">
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Highlight &amp; copy the whole name of the .iso file &amp; paste it after the following command &amp; hit the Enter key:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">md5sum</span><span class="kv"> &lt;name.iso&gt;
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>md5sum should then print out a single line after calculating the hash, for example:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">8044d756b7f00b695ab8dce07dce43e5</span><span class="kv"> &lt;name&gt;.iso
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Compare the hash (the alphanumeric string on left) that your machine calculated with the corresponding hash from the download page of the .iso . If they match your download is not corrupt. If they don’t match you need to download the .iso again.</p>
<p>Save the previous printed line in a single text file and then check with <code class="highlighter-rouge">md5sum -c &lt;filename.iso.md5&gt;</code> command.</p>
<p>Entering the following in a console within a folder containing a correctly formed *.md5 and one ISO file will verify that the md5sum of the *.iso or other file, is the same as that specified in the *.md5 file:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">md5sum</span><span class="kv"> -c &lt;filename.iso.md5&gt;
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>An example for the manjaro-xfce-0.8.8-i686.iso using manjaro-xfce-0.8.8-i686.iso.md5 file which should contain the following:</p>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">aaf7f906b476b08f87249e76200e6cb7 manjaro-xfce-0.8.8-i686.iso</code></p>
<ul>
<li>Separated by 2 spaces</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>To checksums sha256 use sha256sum command:</strong><br />
Place the file containing the checksums in the same directory as your ISO file downloads, and then run in a terminal:</p>
<div class="language-terminal highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="w">$ </span><span class="nc">sha256sum</span><span class="kv"> --check $CHECKSUM-FILE
</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p>Make sure to pass the name of the *.sha256sum.txt file, and not the ISO file!</p>I always wondered why we couldn’t just use a simple bash command line to verify that the downloaded packages have be corrupted or not. Under Debian and thus Ubuntu and other derivatives, the md5sum tool has to be installed and used for that purpose.Loop through all jekyll posts and display an excerpt2018-01-15T16:16:01-08:00http://alvistec.com/posts/loop-through-all-jekyll-posts-and-display-an-excerpt<div>
<div class="image-excerpt float-sm-left text-center">
<a href="/images/thumbs/categories-excerpt-thumb.png">
<img class="img-thumbnail" src="/images/thumbs/categories-excerpt-thumb.png" alt="excerpt-image" /></a>
</div>
<div class="excerpt">
<p>Displaying an excerpt of each entry in the category page is a good practice to improve the visibility of your web pages,
because the user can get an better idea of the content quickly. Also this improves the positioning in the search engines and the presentation, giving to your web page a more professional look.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearfix"></div>
<div class="mt-2"></div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><table style="border-spacing: 0"><tbody><tr><td class="gutter gl" style="text-align: right"><pre class="lineno">1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22</pre></td><td class="code"><pre>---
partial: all
---
{% for post in site.posts %}
&lt;div class="row"&gt;
&lt;div class="small-12 columns"&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;{{ post.date | date: '%B %d, %Y' }}&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;a href="{{ post.url }}"&gt;&lt;h3&gt;{{ post.title }}&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
{{ post.excerpt }}
&lt;ul class="inline-list" style="margin-top:-1em;"&gt;
{% for category in post.categories %}
&lt;li&gt;&lt;h6&gt;&lt;a href="/#!/{{ category }}"&gt;&lt;i class="fa fa-tag"&gt;&lt;/i&gt; {{ category }}&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h6&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
{% endfor %}
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
{% endfor %}<span class="w">
</span></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></code></pre></figure>
<p>Here is this great code in jekyll. I have it working in this web, and goes fine :p :</p>
<p><a href="https://gist.github.com/heavyhorse/8086181#file-listposts-partial-html" target="_blank">Link to source code</a></p>Displaying an excerpt of each entry in the category page is a good practice to improve the visibility of your web pages, because the user can get an better idea of the content quickly. Also this improves the positioning in the search engines and the presentation, giving to your web page a more professional look.Welcome to Jekyll!2017-11-30T16:45:04-08:00http://alvistec.com/posts/welcome-to-jekyll<p>You’ll find this post in your <code class="highlighter-rouge">_posts</code> directory. Go ahead and edit it and re-build the site to see your changes. You can rebuild the site in many different ways, but the most common way is to run <code class="highlighter-rouge">jekyll serve</code>, which launches a web server and auto-regenerates your site when a file is updated.
<!--more-->
To add new posts, simply add a file in the <code class="highlighter-rouge">_posts</code> directory that follows the convention <code class="highlighter-rouge">YYYY-MM-DD-name-of-post.ext</code> and includes the necessary front matter. Take a look at the source for this post to get an idea about how it works.</p>
<p>Jekyll also offers powerful support for code snippets:</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-ruby" data-lang="ruby"><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">print_hi</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">puts</span> <span class="s2">"Hi, </span><span class="si">#{</span><span class="nb">name</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="k">end</span>
<span class="n">print_hi</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Tom'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">#=&gt; prints 'Hi, Tom' to STDOUT.</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">show</span>
<span class="nb">puts</span> <span class="s2">"Outputting a very lo-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-ong lo-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-ong line"</span>
<span class="vi">@widget</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Widget</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">params</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="ss">:id</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">respond_to</span> <span class="k">do</span> <span class="o">|</span><span class="nb">format</span><span class="o">|</span>
<span class="nb">format</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">html</span> <span class="c1"># show.html.erb</span>
<span class="nb">format</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">json</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">render</span> <span class="ss">json: </span><span class="vi">@widget</span> <span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">end</span>
<span class="k">end</span></code></pre></figure>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;a</span> <span class="na">href=</span><span class="s">"#"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Hello world<span class="nt">&lt;/a&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Check out the <a href="https://jekyllrb.com/docs/home" target="_blank">Jekyll docs</a> for more info on how to get the most out of Jekyll. File all bugs/feature requests at <a href="https://github.com/jekyll/jekyll" target="_blank">Jekyll’s GitHub repo</a>. If you have questions, you can ask them on <a href="https://talk.jekyllrb.com/" target="_blank">Jekyll Talk</a>.</p>You’ll find this post in your _posts directory. Go ahead and edit it and re-build the site to see your changes. You can rebuild the site in many different ways, but the most common way is to run jekyll serve, which launches a web server and auto-regenerates your site when a file is updated.