A series of studies was conducted to develop and validate a scale to study racism in its newly adapted, ambivalent form. The scale was designed to measure the separate positively correlated hostile and benevolent components of racism. The first two studies, which involved 39 and 73 college students, established the questions that could be used for the scale and provided data that support the instrument's internal validity and reliability. The third study involving 39 college students and a planned fourth study are expected to establish convergent validity between the Ambivalent Racism Scale (ARS) that was developed and other measures of racism and ambivalent behavior, including the Modern Racism Scale (J. McConahay, 1986). The final study should replicate the findings that subjects can hold two conflicting views about one group at the same time. These two attitudes, when stimulated at the same time, create a feeling of racial ambivalence. (Contains 12 references.) (SLD)