Principles
of
Population Genetics
Various aspects of "Population"gene
pool (a
genetic unit):
all
the
alleles at a (single) locus
deme
(an
ecological unit):
all
the
conspecific individuals in an area
panmictic
unit
(a reproductive unit):
a
group
of randomly interbreeding individuals
sample(a
numerical
unit):
a
statistical subset of size 'N'
Theory of allele
frequencies:
p's & q's

Genetic variation in populations can
be
described by genotype and allele frequencies.
(not
"gene"
frequencies)

The Hardy -
Weinberg
Theorem(1908):In
the absence of other genetic or evolutionary factors,allele frequencies are invariant between generations, and
constant
genotype
frequencies are reached in one generation.

(cf. critical value p.05[1
d.f.]
= 3.84)
(
p
>> 0.05)note: there is only one degree of
freedom,
because there are only two allelesBut
(you
ask) won't "expected" always more or less equal "observed",
cuz
that's
where "expected" comes from?
Consider
an
artificial data set :