THE BOLSHEVIKS MUST ASSUME POWER * MARXISM AND INSURRECTION * THE TASKS OF THE REVOLUTION * CAN THE BOLSHEVIKS RETAIN STATE POWER ? * SECOND ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF WORKERS' AND SOLDIERS' DEPUTIES * DECLARATION OF RIGHTS OF THE WORKING AND EXPLOITED PEOPLE ⓕ

CONTENTS
Page
Preface................................................17
September-December 1917
THE BOLSHEVIKS MUST ASSUME POWER. A Letter to the Central Committee and the Petrograd and Moscow Committees of the R.S.D.L.P.(B.)............................19
MARXISM AND INSURRECTION. A Letter to the Central
Committee of the R.S.D.L.P.(B.)..........................22
THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION AND CIVIL WAR. They Are
Trying to Frighten Us with Civil War....................28
HEROES OF FRAUD AND THE MISTAKES OF THE BOLSHEVIKS . . 43
FROM A PUBLICIST’S DIARY. The Mistakes of Our Party ... 52
THE TASKS OF THE REVOLUTION..........................59
Agreements with the Capitalists Are Disastrous..........61
Power to the Soviets................................61
Peace to the Peoples................................62
Land to Those Who Till It..........................64
Struggle Against Famine and Economic Ruin............64
Struggle Against the Counter-Revolution of the Landowners and Capitalists............................66
Peaceful Development of the Revolution................67
LETTER TO I. T. SMILGA, CHAIRMAN OF THE REGIONAL
COMMITTEE OF THE ARMY, NAVY AND WORKERS OF FINLAND 69
1................................................69
2................................................70
3................................................71
4................................................71
CONTENTS
5................................................72
6................................................72
7................................................72
8................................................73
9................................................73
1 0................................................73
THE CRISIS HAS MATURED................................74
I................................................74
1 1................................................77
II I................................................79
I V................................................81
V................................................81
VI................................................82
CAN THE BOLSHEVIKS RETAIN STATE POWER?..............87
Foreword to the Second Edition......................89
Afterword....................131
TO WORKERS, PEASANTS, AND SOLDIERS!..........137
LETTER TO THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE, THE MOSCOW AND PETROGRAD COMMITTEES AND THE BOLSHEVIK MEMBERS OF THE PETROGRAD AND MOSCOW SOVIETS.......140
THESES FOR A REPORT AT THE OCTOBER 8 CONFERENCE OF THE PETROGRAD ORGANISATION, ALSO FOR A RESOLUTION AND INSTRUCTIONS TO THOSE ELECTED TO THE PARTY CONGRESS.......................142
On the Question of the Party’s Participation in the
Pre-parliament.................142
On the Slogan “All Power to the Soviets”......143
Note to the Resolution on Power to the Soviets .... 144
LETTER TO THE PETROGRAD CITY CONFERENCE. To Be Read in Closed Session...............145
REVISION OF THE PARTY PROGRAMME...........149
I........................151
II........................155
II I........................158
I V........................161
V........................163
VI........................168
VII........................169
VIII........................173
IX........................176
CONTENTS
v
ADVICE OF AN ONLOOKER................179
LETTER TO THE BOLSHEVIK COMRADES ATTENDING THE CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF THE NORTHERN REGION.....182
MEETING OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P.(B.), OCTOBER 10 (23), 1917..................188
1. Report. Minutes.................188
2. Resolution...................190
MEETING OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P.(B.), OCTOBER 16 (29), 1917..................191
1. Report. Minutes.................191
2. Speeches in Discussion. Minutes..........192
1.......................192
2.......................193
3.......................193
3. Resolution...................193
LETTER TO COMRADES..................195
Postscript....................214
LETTER TO BOLSHEVIK PARTY MEMBERS..........216
THE TASKS OF OUR PARTY IN THE INTERNATIONAL.
Apropos of the Third Zimmerwald Conference.......220
LETTER TO THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P.(B.) 223
SOCIALIST-REVOLUTIONARY PARTY CHEATS THE PEASANTS ONCE AGAIN......................228
LETTER TO CENTRAL COMMITTEE MEMBERS.........234
TO THE CITIZENSOFRUSSIA!..............236
MEETING OF THE PETROGRAD SOVIET OF WORKERS’ AND
SOLDIERS’ DEPUTIES, OCTOBER25(NOVEMBER7),1917 .... 239
1. REPORT ON THE TASKS OF THE SOVIET POWER. Newspaper Report................239
2. RESOLUTION..................241
SECOND ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF WORKERS’
AND SOLDIERS' DEPUTIES, October 25-26 (November 7-8), 1917.....................243
1. TO WORKERS, SOLDIERS AND PEASANTS!.......247
2. REPORT ON PEACE, OCTOBER 26 (NOVEMBER 8) 249 Decree on Peace................249
3. CONCLUDING SPEECH FOLLOWING THE DISCUSSION ON THE REPORT ON PEACE, OCTOBER 26 (NOVEMBER 8)...................254
4. REPORT ON LAND, OCTOBER 26 (NOVEMBER 8) 257 Decree on Land.................258
vi CONTENTS
5. DECISION TO FORM THE WORKERS’ AND PEASANTS’
GOVERNMENT..................262
DRAFT REGULATIONS ON WORKERS’ CONTROL........264
DIRECT-LINE CONVERSATION WITH HELSINGFORS, OCTOBER 27 (NOVEMBER 9), 1917..................266
1. CONVERSATION WITH A. L. SHEINMAN, CHAIRMAN OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE HELSINGFORS SOVIET OF DEPUTIES OF THE ARMY, NAVY AND WORKERS OF FINLAND............266
2. CONVERSATION WITH MIKHAILOV, CHAIRMAN OF THE MILITARY DEPARTMENT OF THE REGIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE ARMY, NAVY AND WORKERS
OF FINLAND..................267
3. CONVERSATION WITH N. F. IZMAILOV, DEPUTY CHAIRMAN OF TSENTROBALT............268
CONFERENCE OF REGIMENTAL DELEGATES OF THE PETRO-GRAD GARRISON, OCTOBER 29 (NOVEMBER 11), 1917. Newspaper Report...................270
1. REPORT ON THE CURRENT SITUATION........270
2. SPEECH ON ARMING THE TROOPS..........272
3. SPEECH ON RESTORING LAW AND ORDER IN THE CITY......................273
WIRELESS MESSAGE OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS, OCTOBER 30 (NOVEMBER 12), 1917..........274
DRAFT RULES FOR OFFICE EMPLOYEES...........275
SPEECHES AT A MEETING OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P.(B.), NOVEMBER 1(14), 1917. Minutes......276
RESOLUTION OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R. S.D.L.P. (B.) ON THE OPPOSITION WITHIN THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE, NOVEMBER 2 (15), 1917............277
ULTIMATUM FROM THE MAJORITY ON THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P.(B.) TO THE MINORITY.......280
DRAFT RESOLUTION ON FREEDOM OF THE PRESS.......283
MEETING OF THE ALL-RUSSIA CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, NOVEMBER 4 (17), 1917..............285
1. SPEECH ON THE PRESS..............285
2. REPLY TO A QUESTION FROM THE LEFT SOCIALIST-REVOLUTIONARIES................288
3. SPEECHES CONCERNING THE LEFT SOCIALIST-RE-VOLUTIONARIES’ QUESTION............290
I.......................290
II.......................291
CONTENTS vii
4. SPEECH AND RESOLUTION ON THE RESIGNATION OF A GROUP OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS FROM THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS.........292
SPEECH AT A JOINT MEETING OF THE PETROGRAD SOVIET OF WORKERS’ AND SOLDIERS’ DEPUTIES AND DELEGATES FROM THE FRONTS, NOVEMBER 4 (17), 1917. Newspaper Report........................294
TO THE POPULATION..................297
REPLY TO QUESTIONS FROM PEASANTS...........300
FROM THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC LABOUR PARTY (BOLSHEVIKS).........302
FROM THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC LABOUR PARTY (BOLSHEVIKS). To All Party Members and to All the Working Classes of Russia .... 304
DIRECT-LINE CONVERSATION BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT AND FIELD H. Q., NOVEMBER 9 (22), 1917 .......... 309
WIRELESS MESSAGE. To All Regimental, Divisional, Corps,
Army and Other Committees, to All Soldiers of the Revolutionary Army and Sailors of the Revolutionary Navy . . . 312
FOREWORD TO THE PAMPHLET. HOW THE SOCIALIST-RE-VOLUTIONARIES CHEATED THE PEOPLE, AND WHAT THE NEW BOLSHEVIK GOVERNMENT HAS GIVEN THE PEOPLE 314
MEETING OF THE ALL-RUSSIA CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, NOVEMBER 10 (23), 1917..............316
1. REPORT ON TALKS WITH DUKHONIN........316
2. CONCLUDING SPEECH...............318
FROM THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS TO THE REVOLUTIONARY MILITARY COMMITTEE............320
THE EXTRAORDINARY ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF PEASANTS' DEPUTIES, November 10-25 (November 23-December 8), 1917...................321
1. STATEMENT TO THE BOLSHEVIK GROUP AT THE EXTRAORDINARY ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF PEASANTS’ DEPUTIES..........323
2. SPEECH ON THE AGRARIAN QUESTION, NOVEMBER 14 (27). Newspaper Report..........324
3. DRAFT RESOLUTION...............327
4. SPEECH IN CONNECTION WITH THE STATEMENT OF A VIKZHEL SPOKESMAN, NOVEMBER 18 (DECEMBER 1). Newspaper Report............329
5. CONCLUDING SPEECH ON THE AGRARIAN QUESTION, NOVEMBER 18 (DECEMBER 1). Newspaper Report.....................331
CONTENTS
ALLIANCE BETWEEN THE WORKERS AND THE WORKING AND EXPLOITED PEASANTS. A Letter to “Pravda"......333
DRAFT DECREE ON THE RIGHT OF RECALL..........336
REPORT ON THE RIGHT OF RECALL AT A MEETING OF THE ALL-RUSSIA CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, NOVEMBER 21 (DECEMBER 4), 1917...................338
SPEECH AT THE FIRST ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF THE NAVY, NOVEMBER 22 (DECEMBER 5), 1917. Minutes.........341
FOREWORD TO THE PAMPHLET, MATERIAL ON THE AGRARIAN QUESTION.....................347
OUTLINE PROGRAMME FOR PEACE NEGOTIATIONS.......349
DECREE ON THE ARREST OF THE LEADERS OF THE CIVIL WAR AGAINST THE REVOLUTION.............351
THE TASKS OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY IN PETROGRAD.....352
MEETING OF THE ALL-RUSSIA CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, DECEMBER 1 (14), 1917..............353
1. SPEECH ON THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY......353
2. RESOLUTION ON THE DECREE CONCERNING THE CADET PARTY..................356
SPEECH DELIVERED AT THE SECOND ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF PEASANTS’ DEPUTIES, DECEMBER 2 (15), 1917 357
MANIFESTO TO THE UKRAINIAN PEOPLE WITH AN ULTIMATUM TO THE UKRAINIAN RADA..............361
REPORT ON THE ECONOMIC CONDITION OF PETROGRAD WORKERS AND THE TASKS OF THE WORKING CLASS. DELIVERED AT A MEETING OF THE WORKERS’ SECTION OF THE PETROGRAD SOVIET OF WORKERS’ AND SOLDIERS’ DEPUTIES, DECEMBER 4 (17), 1917. Newspaper Report.......364
ON THE OPENING OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY......367
DRAFT OF A MANIFESTO TO THE PEASANTRY FROM THE SECOND ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF PEASANTS’ DEPUTIES.......................368
NOTE TO F. E. DZERZHINSKY WITH A DRAFT OF A DECREE ON FIGHTING COUNTER-REVOLUTIONARIES AND SABOTEURS .... 374
SPEECH AT A MEETING OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P.(B.), DECEMBER 11 (24), 1917. Minutes......377
DRAFT RESOLUTION ON THE PROVISIONAL BUREAU OF THE BOLSHEVIK GROUP IN THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY.....378
THESES ON THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY..........379
SPEECH AT THE EXTRAORDINARY ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF RAILWAYMEN, DECEMBER 13 (26), 1917 .......... 384
CONTENTS ix
FOR BREAD AND PEACE.................386
SPEECH ON THE NATIONALISATION OF THE BANKS DELIVERED AT A MEETING OF THE ALL-RUSSIA CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, DECEMBER 14 (27), 1917. Minutes......388
DRAFT DECREE ON THE NATIONALISATION OF THE BANKS AND ON MEASURES NECESSARY FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION 391
QUESTIONS TO DELEGATES TO THE ARMY CONGRESS ON THE DEMOBILISATION OF THE ARMY............395
DRAFT RESOLUTION OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS.......................397
RESOLUTION OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS ON NEGOTIATIONS WITH THE RADA............398
FEAR OF THE COLLAPSE OF THE OLD AND THE FIGHT FOR THE NEW.......................400
HOW TO ORGANISE COMPETITION?.............404
DRAFT DECREE ON CONSUMERS’ COMMUNES.........416
RESOLUTION OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS ON THE RADA’S REPLY TO THE C.P.C............418
January-February 1918
SPEECH AT THE SEND-OFF OF THE SOCIALIST ARMY’S FIRST TROOP TRAINS, JANUARY 1 (14), 1918. Newspaper Report . . . 420
DECLARATION OF RIGHTS OF THE WORKING AND EXPLOITED PEOPLE........................423
LETTER TO THE ARMY CONGRESS ON THE DEMOBILISATION OF THE ARMY.....................426
DIRECT-LINE CONVERSATION WITH L. D. TROTSKY, CHAIRMAN OF THE SOVIET PEACE DELEGATION AT BREST-LITOVSK, JANUARY 3 (16) 1918..................427
RESOLUTION OF THE ALL-RUSSIA CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, JANUARY 3 (16) 1918.............428
DECLARATION OF THE R.S.D.L.P. (BOLSHEVIKS) GROUP AT THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY MEETING, JANUARY 5 (18), 1918 429
PEOPLE FROM ANOTHER WORLD..............431
DRAFT DECREE ON THE DISSOLUTION OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY.......................434
SPEECH ON THE DISSOLUTION OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY DELIVERED TO THE ALL-RUSSIA CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, JANUARY 6 (19), 1918..........437
x
CONTENTS
ON THE HISTORY OF THE QUESTION OF THE UNFORTUNATE PEACE........................442
Theses on the Question of the Immediate Conclusion of a Separate and Annexationist Peace.........442
AFTERWORD TO THE THESES ON THE QUESTION OF THE IMMEDIATE CONCLUSION OF A SEPARATE AND ANNEXATIONIST PEACE....................451
THIRD ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF WORKERS’, SOLDIERS’ AND PEASANTS’ DEPUTIES, JANUARY 10-18 (23-31), 1918 ...................... 453
1. REPORT ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS, JANUARY 11 (24)....... 455
2. CONCLUDING SPEECH ON THE REPORT OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS, JANUARY 12 (25) 473
3. DRAFT DECREE ON EXPUNGING REFERENCES TO THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY FROM SOVIET LEGISLATION....................478
4. SUMMING-UP SPEECH AT THE CONGRESS, JANUARY 18 (31)...................479
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE RED GUARD H. Q...........483
EXTRAORDINARY ALL-RUSSIA RAILWAYMEN’S CONGRESS, JANUARY 5-30 (JANUARY 18-FEBRUARY 12), 1918.......484
1. REPORT OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS, JANUARY 13 (26).............. 484
2. REPLIES TO NOTES................497
MEETING OF PRESIDIUM OF THE PETROGRAD SOVIET WITH DELEGATES FROM FOOD SUPPLY ORGANISATIONS, JANUARY 14 (27), 1918 .................... 501
1. ON COMBATING THE FAMINE............501
I.......................501
I I.......................501
2. DRAFT RESOLUTION...............503
DRAFT DECREE ON THE NATIONALISATION OF THE MERCHANT MARINE AND INLAND WATER TRANSPORT......505
1. DRAFT DECREE.................505
2. ADDENDUM TO THE DRAFT............506
SPEECHES AT A MEETING OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R. S. D.L.P. (B.), JANUARY 19 (FEBRUARY 1), 1918. Minutes........................507
1........................507
2........................508
3........................508
4........................508
CONTENTS xi
5........................508
6........................508
WIRELESS MESSAGE ADDRESSED TO ALL. SPECIAL TO THE PEACE DELEGATION IN BREST-LITOVSK...........510
WIRELESS MESSAGE ADDRESSED TO ALL..........511
SPEECH TO PROPAGANDISTS ON THEIR WAY TO THE PROVINCES, JANUARY 23 (FEBRUARY 5), 1918. Newspaper Report........................512
TROTSKY. RUSSIAN PEACE DELEGATION. BREST-LITOVSK.
Reply.........................517
SPEECH AT A MEETING OF THE LAND COMMITTEE CONGRESS AND THE PEASANT SECTION OF THE THIRD CONGRESS OF SOVIETS, JANUARY 28 (FEBRUARY 10), 1918. Newspaper Report........................518
STATEMENTS MADE AT THE MORNING SITTING OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P.(B.), FEBRUARY 18, 1918. Minutes........................520
SPEECHES AT THE EVENING SITTING OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE R.S.D.L.P.(B.), FEBRUARY 18, 1918. Minutes 522
1........................522
2........................523
DRAFT WIRELESS MESSAGE TO THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GERMAN REICH....................525
DIRECT-LINE CONVERSATION WITH THE MOSCOW SOVIET, FEBRUARY 20, 1918 ................... 526
Notes........................527
The Life and Work of V. I. Lenin. Outstanding Dates .... 579
ILLUSTRATIONS
First page of the newspaper Rabochy Put No. 30, October 20 (7),
1917, in which Lenin’s article “The Crisis Has Matured” was published....................... 75
Facsimile of the manuscript of “To the Citizens of Russia!” written by Lenin on October 25 (November 7), 1917.....237ⓕ