B. Erie Canal Opens, 1825: links Lake Erie with New York City through the Hudson River.

C. South Carolina Exposition and Protest, 1828: after an anti-tariff protest was held in Columbia, South Carolina, delegates from 13 states convened to urge a tariff rise, following the denial of a bill concerning tariff increases, after a tie-breaking vote from Vice-President Calhoun.

IX. Major Foreign Policy A. Panama Congress, 1826: Adams supported US participation in the Panama Congress; However, southern congressmen who feared the meeting might be used to condemn slavery, as well as Adams's political opponents delayed the confirmation of the US delegates long enough to make it impossible to reach Ranama in time to attend.

B. Tariff of Abominations, 1828: A high tariff on imported manufactured goods to protect domestic industry. Later prompted Vice President Calhoun to draft the SC Exposition condemning the tariff as "unconstitutional, oppressive, and unjust"ÃÂ and claiming the right of a state to nullify such laws.

X. Major Conflict A. The Tariff of Abominations proved Adams's reluctancy to submit to political pressures and helped to instill a certain sense of confidence and purpose into the government.

XI. Major Inventions and Technological Advancements A. Noah Webster Publishes Dictionary, 1828: publication of the first American Dictionary of the English Language, by Noah Webster, contains two volumes and over 38,000 entries.

XII. Major Social Changes A. Works Begin on Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 1828.

... John Quincy Adams ... of state acted in the US's best interest. The Rush-Bagot Agreement for example, was created so the British would not have enough power in the Great Lakes to attack any part of the United States ...

... Senate to introduce you to the chair of this House, and also to congratulate you upon your appointment to the office of Vice-President of the United States of America.' Adams took the oath of Vice-President on June 3, 1789. He said, 'I John Adams ...

... of science. Abigail Adams will go down in history with a very unusual event happening only to two women in modern day America. She married a man who became the second President of the United States and later she became the mother of John Quincy Adams ...