Title: Correlation of Long-term Physical Stability of Emulsions with the Short-term Rheological Measurements

Emulsions used in personal care and cosmetic formulations--both oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil (W/O) types--need to satisfy a number of criteria. They must demonstrate physical stability over 2-3 years under various conditions, such as temperature variation and stress induced by vibration during transportation. They must also maintian the proper consistency (rheology) to achieve good skin-feel, spreading and delivery of actives. Finally, the safety of the ingredient used must be assured to avoid any skin irritation or adverse effects on contact with the skin.

Excerpt Only This is a shortened version or summary of the article that appeared in the Feb. 1, 2004 issue of Cosmetics & Toiletries magazine. The full content is not currently available online.