英文摘要：It is very difficult to distinguish and define the distribution of various species in the genus Polypedates owing to their superficial morphological similarities, wide distribution, and partial sympatry. Although the distribution of Polypedates species has been verified on Hainan Island, systematic surveys of species diversity and species-specific distribution in this area are still limited. Moreover, the existence of cryptic species is also not clear. In this study, 256 Polypedates specimens were collected during July 2015 to July 2017 from 30 selected geographical populations based on the topographic characteristics of Hainan Island. By comparing the morphological characteristics of 115 adult specimens and phylogenetic relationships, only P. megacephalus and P. mutus were confirmed to occur on Hainan Island. In addition, no cryptic species was found. P. megacephalus was found to be widely distributed throughout the island, while P. mutus only occurred in the middle and southern mountains. As determined by molecular identification, the differences in the following morphological characteristics were found to be suitable for distinguishing the 2 species:body size, presence of spots on the sides and reticulate patterns in the latter half, reticulate patterns in the posterior part, tibial tarsal joints stretch to the eye, and nostrils drawn into a snout. These stable and typical morphological characteristics can be used to accurately distinguish P. megacephalus and P. mutus.