Abstract: Analysis of the backgrounds of the Dail deputies elected in November 1982 shows certain strong similarities with previous Dala. Most deputies were born in their constituencies, and most were local authority members before entering the Dail. A high proportion are small businessmen. But change is also detectable: the number of professionals is growing larger, while farmers are a declining force. The educational level attained by deputies has been rising steadily, while the proportion of women in the Dail, though still low, is higher than ever before. Cohort analysis permits speculation about trends likely to develop in the future.

In this paper an experimental technique for the decomposition of broadband ducted
sound fields into their mode constituents is applied to two laboratory scale experimental
setups. The broadband mode analysis technique is based on spectral coherences. In both cases, incoherent broadband sound fields were excited by means of a loudspeaker array. The results derived from the basic setup S1 were validated successfully with analytical findings. The second setup S2 mimics the fundamental arrangement in an aero-engine exhaust, consisting of a broadband sound source (an annular combustor ring) and a turbomachinery
stage (the LP turbine). In between, microphone arrays are arranged to acquire the broadband sound fields. Sample results of setup S2 are presented analyzed by means of the new technique. The experimental outcome proves the usefulness of the analysis technique to
help interpreting and understanding broadband sound propagation in turbomachinery flow ducts.

Our laboratory has previously demonstrated the presence of constitutively expressed mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 in mouse thymocytes. In our endeavours to understand the role of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 in thymocyte function, we compared cell profiles in thymus and spleen of wild-type with those of UCP 1 knock-out mice, which in turn led to comparative investigations of apoptotic potential in thymocytes from these mice. We demonstrate that spleen cell numbers were reduced 3-fold in UCP 1 knock-out mice compared to wild-type mice. We record a halving of CD8 single positive cell numbers in thymus with a significant incremental increase in CD4/CD8 double positives cell numbers in the thymus of UCP 1 knock-out mice compared to wild-type mice. Theses data are mirrored by an approximate halving of CD8 single positive cell numbers and a doubling of CD4/CD8 double positive cell numbers in the spleen of UCP 1 knock-out mice compared to wild-type mice. These differences are m...

As the technology underlying sensor networks becomes
more advanced and reliable, ubiquitous computing will
come closer to being a reality. This paper details the design
and deployment of several sensor nodes that use the delay
tolerant network approach in order to meet the relevant
application requirements. Two applications are presented,
lake water quality monitoring in rural lakes and noise level
logging in urban areas and along motorways. The
installations are discussed and initial results presented.

An understanding of the multi-modal propagation of acoustic waves in ducts is of practical
interest for use in the control of noise in, for example, aero-engines, automotive exhaust and
ventilation systems. In this paper, the propagation of sound from point sources in hard-walled
ducts is modelled using a numerical wave-based approach, referred to as the wave expansion
method. This is a highly efficient full-domain discretisation method, which requires as few
as two-to-three mesh points per wavelength. An inhomogeneous potential flow may be easily
included in the method. The numerical solution for point sources embedded in the wall of a
circular duct with non-reflective end-conditions and a uniform axial flow is compared with an
analytical Green?s function solution. A modal decomposition technique is used to provide detailed
information about the modal content of the sound field. This study provides an insightful
comparison between an analytical and numerical solution to the acousti...

This paper develops a technique which relates dynamic pressure measurements taken
outside the hydrodynamic eld of a low speed jet to single point, one component velocity
measurements taken within the jet using a Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) system. To
improve the signal to noise ratio of the pressure measurement, a coherence based acoustic
beamforming technique is applied and focussed on the LDV measurement volume in order
to evaluate its contribution to the measured sound. As the pressure samples are acquired
at regular time steps whereas the velocity at irregular time intervals dependent on the
particle seeding, the calculation of the auto- and cross-spectra of the pressure and veloc-
ity measurements require special treatment. The signal processing procedures required to
calculate these are described and implemented in the paper. To validate the proposed tech-
nique real experimental data was analysed. Laser Doppler Velocimetry measured velocity
uctuations created by rods pl...

Coherence based noise source identi cation techniques utilise the ordinary linear coherence function between two signals to identify the contribution of one or more sources to the noise measured at a location of interest. Such techniques can assess the relative contributions of broadband noise sources, which are the dominant noise sources in turboshaft engines, to the sound radiated at a far-field location. All such techniques require the placement of dynamic pressure sensors close to these sources. Experimental studies undertaken at the Engine Acoustics Branch of the German Aerospace Agency, DLR, as part of an EU FP7 project, TEENI, have provided data for a range of test scenarios. The test rig has been designed to represent the key acoustic elements of a real turboshaft engine. Each noise source identification technique were applied in a two noise source region scenario. The aim of these techniques was to identify the contribution of one or both of these noise sources to the noise...

Short term forecasting algorithms are widely
used for prediction of vehicular traffic
flows
for adaptive traffic
management. However, despite the increasing interest in the
promotion of cycling in cities, little research has been carried
out into the use of traffic forecasting algorithms for bicycle
traffic. Structural time series models allow the various
components of a time series such as level, seasonal and
regression
effects
to be modelled separately to allow analysis of
previous trends and forecasting.
In this paper, a case study at
a
segregated bicycle lane in Dublin,
Ireland
was performed to
test the forecasting accuracy of structural time series models
applied to continuous
observations of
cyclist
traffic volumes. It
has been shown that the proposed
models can produce accurate
peak period
forecasts of
cyclist
traffic
volumes
at
both 1 hour
and
fifteen
minute resolution
and that the
percentage
errors
are lower for hourly forecasts.
The inclusion of weather metrics
as explanat...

The aim of this work is to investigate the sound produced by a Helmholtz resonator excited
by a boundary layer. A deep cylindrical cavity with a small rectangular opening was designed
to allow Helmholtz resonance as well as longitudinal and azimuthal acoustic modes within
the cavity to be excited by varying the wind tunnel flow speed. Experiments performed show
how lock-on between each of these three acoustic resonances and the shear layer hydrodynamic
modes can been generated. The pressure measured by means of a microphone flush
mounted with the internal surface of the cavity wall is used to phase-average the planar Particle
Image Velocimetry (PIV) data in the shear layer region. The acoustic energy generated is
calculated by applying the vortex sound theory developed by Powell and modified by Howe
for its application to wall bounded flows. Practically, this can be achieved by extracting the
flow velocity and vorticity the from the PIV data and by computing numerically the acoustic...

The first report on the large scale national Household Budget Survey (HBS) conducted
by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) during 1973 was published earlier this month. It is,
therefore, particularly opportune to have been invited by the Society to read a paper tonight
on the HBS. At the outset I will briefly trace the historical development of these
surveys and discuss some of the interesting methodological features of the 1973 national
inquiry. After a brief look at the published results of the 1973 results I will examine the
changes in Irish expenditure patterns over time and make comparisons with the results of
a similar inquiry in the UK. I will then illustrate some important uses of the 1973 results
by examining special categories of households (e.g., pensioner, family units), by considering
the updating of Consumer Price Index (CPI) weights and by providing preliminary
estimates of expenditure elasticities. I conclude by summarising the current position of
the HBS and its fu...

Intelligent Transportation Systems are characterised by a requirement
for detailed information on extensive transport networks. This
information is typically gathered from sensors deployed throughout
the network and is used for management and maintenance operations.
In this paper we present the design and prototype implementation
of a context-aware route profiling application intended for use
by road management authorities in the Republic of Ireland. Our
design allows data from a variety of sources to be combined to generate
detailed information on traffic flow and journey times along
the national road network. This information can be tagged with
relevant context data reflecting the conditions under which sensor
data was collected. The set of relevant contextual information includes
details on temporal, spatial, weather and road usage pattern
contexts.
The prototype implementation relies on GPS data from a fleet of
probe vehicles. An evaluation of this prototype is presented along
w...

This paper describes an architecture that addresses
common problems found in systems supporting QoS
specification and enforcement, such as lack of flexibility
and expressiveness in the specification of requirements
and dependencies on specific platforms. The Quartz QoS
architecture aims to solve these problems by adopting a
highly extensible and platform-independent design.

The advent of software radio technology and the resulting potential for dynamic access to the
radio spectrum presents major new challenges in managing that access. These challenges arise
from the likely spread of spectrum access decision-making authority well beyond existing
regulatory authorities to a wide variety of co-existing market-based or open-access schemes.
Policy-based management mechanisms are proposed as a flexible means for defining the rules
that determine spectrum allocation dynamically. However, many existing policy based
mechanisms rely on a fixed organisation structure and so are insufficiently flexible to support
combinations of central allocation, market mechanisms and commons usage. In this paper we
present the application of a novel policy-based management mechanism based on self-managing
communities to the management of policy authoring authority. We show how an existing
implementation could be used to manage a software-based radio system and how this approach...

The majority of studies in Personalized Information Retrieval (PIR) literature have focused on monolingual IR, and only relatively little work has been done concerning multilingual IR. In this paper we propose a novel method to represent user models in a multilingual fashion. We argue that such representation would be more suitable for Personalized Multilingual Information Retrieval (PMIR). Furthermore, we outline two algorithms for query adaptation based on user information from the multilingual user model.

While the two exercises are independent in that they purport to answer separate questions, methodologically they are very similar. They both compare the efficiency of different methods of estimation of parameters by the familiar method of ratio F of variances of estimate, stochastically decisive, under very general conditions, when number of observations T tends towards infinity.

In the title mol-ecule, C22H16O, the indanone ring system is approximately planar with a dihedral angle between the fused rings of 5.13?(14)?. Two benzene rings are linked together at one side of a double bond, sitting on either side of the indanone ring system and making dihedral angles of 70.30?(12) and 44.74?(13)? with it. In the crystal, hydrogen bonding is not present, but weak C-H?? or ?-? inter-actions occur and mol-ecules form a sheet-like structure in the bc plane.

The metal chelator and anti-oxidant pyrollidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) has been used extensively in studies implicating reactive oxygen intermediates in the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B). In agreement with other studies, we have shown that PDTC inhibits NF kappa B activation in response to the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 (IL1) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF). However, we have found that the inhibition was reversed by treatment of inhibited nuclear extracts with the reducing agent 2-mercaptoethanol. This was observed in extracts prepared from IL1-treated EL4.NOB-1 thymoma cells and TNF-treated Jurkat E6.1 lymphoma cells. These results suggested that the inhibition was caused by oxidation of NF kappa B on a sensitive thiol, possibly on the p50 subunit (which was detected in NF kappa B complexes in both cell types), and not by inhibition of the activation pathway. The possibility that PDTC was acting as a pro-oxidant was therefore investigated. PDTC ca...

This paper considers the role of university art collections as meaningful contributors to the achievement of institutional goals relating to excellence in research, teaching and outreach. The discussion takes as its focus The University of Dublin, Trinity College, established in 1592, providing undergraduate and postgraduate courses in a wide range of disciplines. As practical fine art courses are not part of the teaching agenda, the university?s art collections have evolved mainly as a historical narrative of the significant figures and achievements of its parent institution, parallel to the core business of research and teaching. While the other academic collections at the university, from anatomy to zoology, were generated by object based learning, it was only from 1959 onwards that the art collections were actively developed and exploited as a catalyst for informal learning and interdisciplinary engagement, driven by the actions of one man in particular, the late George W. P. Da...

Geriatric medicine has an encyclopaedic sweep, reflecting the complexity of both the ageing process and of our patient group. Keeping up with, and making sense of, the relevant scientific literature is challenging, especially as ageing has increased in prominence as a focus of research across many branches of the sciences and the humanities. This review of research published in 2012 in generalist, geriatric medicine and gerontology journals has been compiled with a view to extracting those aspects of research into ageing which could be considered relevant not only to the practice of geriatric medicine, but also to our understanding of the ageing process and the relationship of geriatric medicine to other medical specialties and public health. The research discussed includes new insights into global ageing and the compression of morbidity; nosological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of dementia; an innovative study on the microbiome and ageing; epidemiological perspectives into mul...

Efficient swarming behaviours within peer-to-peer networks are hindered by imprecise or incorrect metadata content. Once published, metadata corrections can only be effected by a complete republish/swarm recreation or for each peer to manually make corrections (causing them to leave the swarm, decreasing performance). This work presents an approach which enables a swarm to collaboratively upgrade embedded data to reflect changes in metadata, and to identify additional candidates which contain differing metadata but a correct payload. Swarm degradation due to peer drop-off resulting from edits is eliminated, and additional peers can be identified in a fully automated fashion, increasing swarm lifetime and performance. Arising from this metadata abstraction, automatic purification can be realised in situations where multiple incomplete/incorrect versions are available within one or more unconnected swarms. Variations associated with a content set are processed associatively using a kn...