Mesopotamia is the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers,
largely corresponding to modern Iraq, as well as some parts of northeastern Syria,some parts of southeastern Turkey,
and some parts of the Khuzestan Province of southwestern Iran.
Commonly known as the "cradle of civilization", Bronze Age Mesopotamia included Sumer, Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian empires.
In the Iron Age, it was ruled by the Neo-Assyrian Empire and Neo-Babylonian Empire, and later conquered by the Achaemenid Empire.
It mostly remained under Persian rule until the 7th century Islamic conquest of the Sassanid Empire.
Under the Caliphate, the region came to be known as Iraq.