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A condition in which there is a decrease of oxygen supply to the brain even though there is adequate blood flow. (etymology: hypo: low & oxygen)

Hyper / Hypokalemia

Hyperkalemia (high potassium level) occurs when the level of potassium in your blood is higher than normal. Potassium is a nutrient that is critical to the function of nerve and muscles cells, including those in your heart.

Your blood potassium level is normally 3.6 to 4.8 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). Having a blood potassium level higher than 6.0 mEq/L can be dangerous and requires immediate treatment.

Low potassium level (hypokalemia) occurs when the level of potassium in your blood is lower than normal. Potassium is a nutrient that is critical to the function of nerve and muscles cells, including those in your heart.

Your blood potassium level is normally 3.6 to 4.8 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). Having a very low potassium level (less than 2.5 mEq/L) can be life-threatening and requires emergency medical attention.

Cardiac tamponade is compression of the heart that occurs when blood or fluid builds up in the space between the myocardium (heart muscle) and the pericardium (outer covering sac of the heart). In this condition, blood or fluid collects in the pericardium. This prevents the ventricles from expanding fully. The excess pressure from the fluid prevents the heart from functioning normally.

Tension pneumothorax

The accumulation of air under pressure in the pleural space. An imminent danger is that the lung will collapse under the pressure.

Thrombosis (myocardial infarction)

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition in which a blood clot (thrombus) forms in one or more of the deep veins in your body, usually in your legs. Deep vein thrombosis can cause leg pain, but often occurs without any symptoms.

Deep vein thrombosis can develop if you're sitting still for a long time, such as when traveling by plane or car, or if you have certain medical conditions that affect how your blood clots.

If a blood clot (thrombus) forms in the one of the body's veins (deep vein thrombosis or DVT), it has the potential to break off and enter the circulatory system and travel (or embolize) through the heart and become lodged in the one of the branches of the pulmonary artery of the lung. A clot that travels through the circulatory system to another location is known as an embolus (plural emboli).

Thromboembolism (pulmonary embolism)

A pulmonary embolus clogs the artery that provides blood supply to part of the lung. The embolus not only prevents the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, but it also decreases blood supply to the lung tissue itself, potentially causing lung tissue to die (infarct).

In most cases, pulmonary embolism is caused by blood clots that travel to your lungs from another part of your body — most commonly, your legs.