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The First Fleet In 1788-1868 more than one hundred and sixty thousand men were transported from Britain to what was then Botany Bay New Holland They traveled in terrible conditions and came in many sailing ships in which the voyage sometimes took as long as ten months but rarely took as many as eight or nine They came to Botany bay because of the good climate and friendly citizens although originally thinking the land shabby with bad soil Also they had to leave Britain because of the social and economic conditions that gave rise to crime Also there was a big problem in crime eg hulks the justice system etc About the end of the eighteenth century English towns and cities were overflowing with people many of whom could not find work Stealing and other criminal activities resulted and became a way of life taking the place of work Children were trained at an early age how to pick pockets and watches and other such belongings were sold to buy food and clothes Adults committed many other crimes as well highway robbery and robbery in the streets breaking into houses and shops to steal what they could cheating and murdering and doing whatever they could to bring them money Crime was easy in thick populated areas because police were few and patrolled by foot and criminals could run off and soon be lost in the crowds of people or among the thousands of cramped houses and shops It got so bad that notices were posted on walls and fences warning people that if they stood looking around in public places or into shop windows they could be robbed The British Government had no choice but to issue more policemen and harsher penalties They did not wish to spend money building new jails so old sailing ships were converted into the floating prisons known as hulks Convicts travelled

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