On 19 May 2016, the city was renamed back to historical name of Kamianske.[2] According to the latest data, its population is 273,700. Along with the city's name change, there was renamed the city's hydroelectric station to Middle Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Plant.

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St. Nicholas Roman Catholic Church in Kamianske in the late 19th century.

The first written evidence of settlement in the territory of Kamianske appeared in 1750. At that time the villages of Romankovo and Kamianske, which make the modern city, were a part of the Nova (New) Sich of the Zaporizhiancossacks. The city was known as Kamianske, lit. Stony Place (Ukrainian: Кам'янське, Russian: Каменское) until 1936[3] when it was renamed to Dniprodzerzhynsk in honor of communist Felix Dzerzhynsky, the founder of the Bolsheviksecret police, the Cheka.

On July 2, 1996 a notorious traffic accident happened in Dniprodzerzhynsk. An overcrowded tram that was moving along a steep hill on Chapaeva Street began to slide rapidly downhill (because of a brake failure), causing it to derail and hit a concrete wall before coming to a stop very close to a school.[6][7] A total of 34 people died[6] and more than a 100 were injured as a result of that accident.[8] Following a government inquiry into the causes of the accident the then mayor, Serhiy Shershnev, and his deputy, Ihor Laktionov, resigned.[7][9]

While mostly located on right bank of Dnieper, Kamianske stretches over the hydroelectric station onto the left bank where the portion of city is known as "Livyi bereh" neighborhood (literally Left bank). The neighborhood arches to the west of the Kamianske's suburb of Kurylivka.

The economic base of Kamianske is almost exclusively centered on heavy industry, with ferrous metallurgy being the backbone of the local economy. Around 57% of the total industrial production is metallurgy and metal working. The chemical industry comes second with ca. 17% share of the total industrial output.[10] While the exceedingly industrialized nature of the local economy ensures a rather high employment rate (as of 01.11.2007, official unemployment stood at 1,40%),[11] it also contributes to excessive pollution and radiation levels in the city.[12]

The Roman Catholic Church of Saint Nicholas[15] built by the city's Polish community at the end of the nineteenth century, has become one of the centers of Roman Catholicism in Eastern Ukraine. The Catholic Parish of Saint Nicholas also includes a monastery run by the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin.[15]

The town has an active Jewish community with a new synagogue and community center.[16]

Kamianske is a city with a very difficult environmental conditions. There have been suggestions to assign the status of the ecological disaster city. Right-bank part of the city is mostly polluted, where the metallurgical, chemical industrial enterprises are located.