Count the beat out as you read the poem aloud. How many beats per line?

What effect does it have when the line has extra beats?

Compare these three lines from the draft version of Hayden's "Those Winter Sundays" to the final version. The draft version is available at the bottom of this webpage: Earlier draft of "Those Winter Sundays" - (you may need to scroll down towards the end of the page to find the earlier version, or press Control-F and enter "Those Winter Sundays" as the search term):

Draft Version: Sundays too my father got up early and put his clothes on in the stiffening cold, and then with hands cracked and aching.

Final version: Sundays too my father got up early and put his clothes on in the blueblack cold, then with cracked hands that ached

How is this earlier version different?

What effect does the change from "stiffening cold" to "blueblack cold" have on the poem and its mood and meaning?

What effect does Hayden’s change from "aching" to "ached" have on the poem? What about his dropping the "and" that originally began line 3?