Chromosomal rearrangements are very common events involved in the initiation and development of several solid and many haematological neoplasias. The research activity of the Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit covers the main topics related to human cancer cytogenetics and genome engineering: from classical cytogenetics techniques to new genome engineering tools, including the CRISPR-Cas9 system. We are focusing on the implementation and development of new technologies to enhance the knowledge about the (cyto)genetics of tumours and to discover new potential therapeutic targets. With the combined usage of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing and cellular technologies, we are creating human in vitro models that recapitulate chromosomal, genetic and epigenetic cancer alterations. The members of the Unit also participate in collaborative projects with clinical and basic science investigators across the CNIO and other Institutes.