Delhi’s police force has created an all-female motorcycle squad in an attempt to tackle rising crime against women, particularly in the city’s narrow alleyways.

The patrol, called Raftaar (Speed), will deploy specially trained female officers on 600 motorbikes from December. They will carry guns, body cameras, pepper spray and stun guns, patrolling crowded, cramped areas of the city in pairs.

In 2016, more than 2,150 rapes were recorded in Delhi – a rise of 67% from 2012, according to police data. A poll by the Thomson Reuters Foundation in October found that Delhi, along with São Paulo in Brazil, was the world’s worst city for sexual violence against women, earning the metropolis the tag of India’s “rape capital”.

Saroj Chodhuary, a police constable in Jaipur, where a similar unit has been established Photograph: Chandan Khanna/AFP/Getty Images

Critics have often complained that there are too few police officers for the city’s 26 million-strong population, and that even if crimes are reported, they are not handled properly.

In some of Delhi’s districts, the lanes are so narrow that they are never lit by the sun. The physical proximity of people travelling through these alleys makes it easier for offenders to grope or sexually harass women.

Dependra Pathak, chief spokesman for Delhi police, said that if a woman called the force, the patrol van was unlikely to get through the narrow space, with motorbikes being the only vehicle able to negotiate the lanes and traffic jams.

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“The motorbike force, with its hi-tech equipment, will increase visibility on the streets and reassure women,” said Pathak. “Because they will zip through narrow lanes and have GPS, they will have a faster response time than patrol vans. The plan is for them to be used mostly in areas such as university areas where there are a lot of female students.”

Ravi Kant, the president of the Shakti Vahinihuman rights group, said the measure was a kneejerk reaction.

“Crimes are rising because of poor law enforcement. Criminals know they can get away with it because police investigations are so shoddy that hardly anyone is convicted in the courts. We need a holistic action plan, not this kind of reaction,” he said.

Delhi’s high court has ordered the city’s police force to develop a strategy to tackle crime against women, after repeated failures to curb cases. Judges have ordered the police commissioner to present his full plan in court on 11 December.