Abstract

Technology development and socio-economic transformation have increased the demand for 5G cellular networks. They are expected to send information quickly and support many use cases emerging from a variety of applications. One of the use cases on the 5G network is the massive MTC (Machine Type Communication), wherein wireless sensor network (WSN) is a typical application. Challenges faced by a 5G cellular network are how to model an architecture/topology to support WSN and to solve energy consumption efficiency problem in WSN. So, to overcome these challenges, a HAP system integrated with WSN which uses Low Energy Adaptive Hierarchy routing protocol is implemented. The HAP system is designed to be used at a 20-km altitude, and the topologies used are those with and without clustering. It uses 1,000 sensor nodes and Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy protocol. This system was simulated using MATLAB. Simulations were performed to analyze the energy consumption, the number of dead nodes, and the average total packets which were sent to HAP for non-clustered topology and clustered topology. Simulation results showed that the clustered topology could reduce energy consumption and the number of dead nodes while increasing the total packet sent to HAP.