An abridged
version of the earlier proposal for the ESA M3 competition was published in Experimental Astronomy,
doi:10.1007/s10686-011-9273-y, 2011

Why a multi-spacecraft mission to the Aurora?

Observations from more than one spacecraft
flying in formation are needed to make progress, building on results from
single spacecraft missions.

The ESA Cluster mission has used four spacecraft to revolutionize our understanding of the magnetosphere.

Now we need to do something similar for the aurora.

Strategic Importance of Alfvén Science

Electromagnetic energy conversion in a low beta plasma is a fundamental plasma physical process that must occur in plasma environments around magnetised bodies throughout the universe.

As well as at Earth, it is expected to be occurring at Jupiter, Saturn and other solar system magnetised planets and most likely many exoplanets.

It is also expected in solar and stellar atmospheres and also in more exotic astrophysical objects such as cataclysmic variables and slowly accreting neutron stars.

The scientific goals of Alfvén are consistent with the scope of ESA´s Cosmic Vision plan.

They are also identified in the US NRC Decadal Strategy Document ¨Solar and Space Physics for a science and technological society¨ (key science goals 2 and 4).

A mission ¨to focus on M-I coupling in the auroral acceleration region¨ has also been recommended for highest priority research in the recent COSPAR Roadmap on the topic ¨Understanding space weather to shield society¨.

ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025

Cosmic Vision is the name of ESA's
programme of scientific research missions.