Nonorganic disorder that is tricky to treat of the upper airway with both true and false vocal folds exhibiting wrong positioning during function of closure on inspiration, expiration, or a combination of both.

Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement (PVFM)

What disorder is becoming more increasingly recognized when symptoms of respiratory distress don't respond to tx for asthma?

Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement (PVFM)?

What effect does tracheostomy have on voice? Why?

Alters physiology of voice and swallow

Stoma is below the level of the larynx

When surgery to treat laryngeal cancer leaves a glottal gap, how does the glottal gap affect voice?

What nasal resonance is described as happening when VP port is opened too soon & remains open too long so that vowel or voiced consonant resonance preceding and following nasal consonant resonance is also nasalized?

Assimilative nasality

Is the velopharyngeal port open or closed during production of nasal phonemes?

Open

Impaired motion of the VP mechanism is known as what?

Velopharyngeal incompetence

Mixture of both Velopharyngeal incompetance and insufficiency is known as what?

Velopharyngeal inadequacy

Tissue deficiency of the Velopharyngeal mechanism is known as what?

Velopharyngeal insufficiency

What levels of intraoral pressure and nasal airflow rates are associated with production of nasal consonants?

LOW pressure (intraoral)

HIGH rate (nasal airflow)

Are high nasal airflow rates associated with hypernasality or hyponasality?

Hypernasality

How does loading target sentences with nasal phonemes help the SLP diagnose resonance disorders?

Hyponasality is confirmed when there is an absence of normal nasal resonance on these nasally loaded phrases

Is nasal emission classified as a voice disorder?

No...it's classified as an articulation disorder but can be an important diagnostic sign of velopharyngeal adequacy

Does the oral examination allow the SLP to determine the adequacy of velopharyngeal function?

No, because VP function cannot be seen simply by viewing through the oral cavity.

Can tongue size and function cause nasality problems?

Yes

What is measured by pressure transducers?

Relative air pressures and airflows emitted simultaneously from the nasal and oral cavities during speech

What is measured by pneumotachometers?

Relative air pressures and airflows emitted simultaneously from the nasal and oral cavities during speech

What is measured by manometers?

Pressure of the emmitted airstream (does not measure resonance since it's a perceptual event)

What is measured by nasometers?

Amount of nasalance (oral-to-nasal acoustic energy) in a voice signal

Perception of how oral or nasal voice sounds is known as _________.

Nasalance

Is voice therapy effective with patients who have velopharyngeal insufficiency?

No

What is it called when there is alterations in nasal resonance often accompanied by excessive pharyngeal resonance?

Cul-de-sac nasality

What causes cul-de-sac nasality?

Excessive Posterior Tongue Posturing

How common is laryngeal cancer?

1 to 2% of ALL cancers

20% of Head/Neck cancers

Do head and neck cancers have a high cure rate?

Yes

What are the 2 methods of teaching esophageal speech? Which one is easier to teach?

Injection--easiest to teach

Inhalation

In TE puncture, what is the indwelling prosthesis?

Inserted and removed by the physician or SLP

What are the advantages of tracheoesophageal speech over esophageal speech?

Easy/Less to learn

More air to speak on; can speak longer utterances

Voice quality is more natural

Why does the patient with a PE puncture occlude his stoma with his finger as he speaks?

Divert tracheal air directly into the esophagus

To speak

What is is being tested when we see how well patient can produce an errored sound when repeated presented with correct sound through both auditory & visual stimuli?