Sex Difference and Testosterone Modulation: RESULTS(2)

16Mar 2013

In contrast to the MOB, there were no stimulatory effects in either sex of estrous odors or peppermint on Fos-IR in the cell layer of the AOB (Fig. 3, bottom panel). buy ventolin inhalers

Exposure to pheromones from estrous females induced equivalent increases in neuronal Fos-IR in the MA of go-nadectomized male and female ferrets, regardless of whether they were treated with TP or oil vehicle (Fig. 4, top panel). In the BNST, estrous odors elicited significant increases in neuronal Fos-IR only in gonadectomized, TP-treated males and females (Fig. 4, middle panel). There was no effect of peppermint on neuronal Fos-IR in the MA, BNST, or VLH, nor was there any effect of estrous odors on neuronal Fos-IR in the VLH (Fig. 4, bottom panel). Statistical analyses revealed significant effects of odor stimuli on the number of Fos-IR cells in the MA (F = 38.399, p < 0.01) and BNST (F = 13.363, p < 0.01).

A sexually dimorphic pattern of neuronal Fos-IR was observed in the mPOA after exposure to odors from estrous females (Fig. 5, top panel). Gonadectomized, oil-treated females showed significant increments in neuronal Fos-IR, and the magnitude of this effect of estrous odors was further enhanced in females that received TP There was no effect of estrous odors on the number of Fos-IR cells in the mPOA of males.FIG. 4.Right) Mean number (± SEM) of Fos-IR cells in the MA (+ 2.0 mm in front of the interaural line), the BNST, and the VLH. *p < 0.05 compared to clean-cage control animals using post-hoc Student Neuman-Keuls tests following a significant three-way ANOVA. Left) Schematic drawings showing the location of the Fos-IR cell counting areas in the MA (0.1 mm2), BNST (1.0 mm2), and VLH (0.2 mm2). IC, internal capsule; OT, optic tract; EC, external capsule; LV, lateral ventricle; 3V, third ventricle; Fx, fornix; ME, median eminence.