'Rav Yehuda Says: This verse (Zacharia 11:12) refers to the thirty righteous persons among the nations of the world, whose merit sustains the nations of the world.

Ulla said: This verse refers to the thirty commandments which the Noachites have accepted. But they keep only three of them. One, they do not draw up marriage contracts for homosexuals. Two, they do not merchandize (human) flesh in the marketplace. Three, they do have respect for the Torah (and for Torah scholars).'

As Rashi (Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki) tells us, Chazal (the Sages) do not elaborate on the nature of the 30 commandments, but various commentaries offer suggestions. The basic thesis with which they work is that the 30 commandments are subdivisions of the seven Noachide commandments.

(see the book by A. Greenbaum, 'Thirty Commandments According to R. Samuel ben Hofni.' Published in Hebrew, Sinai, 1973).

(See also the appendix of the Encyclopedia Talmudica, Vol.3, in the section headed 'Ben Noah').

1

The singularity/unity of G-d (That is, to believe in G-d) *

Genesis 2:16

“and the L-rd G-d commanded man…”

2

No idolatry

Genesis 2:16

“and the L-rd G-d commanded man…”

3

No blasphemy

Genesis 2:16

“and the L-rd G-d commanded man…”

4

To pray *

Genesis 20:7

“and he shall pray for you…”

5

No taking of oaths in vain

Genesis 21:23

“Therefore swear to me here by G-d…”

6

No suicide

Genesis 9:5

“But for your own life-blood I will require a recokning…”

7

No murder

Genesis 9:6

“Whoever sheds the blood of man…”

8

No adultery

Genesis 20:3

“for she is a married woman”

9

Formal marriages by dowry and marriage gifts *

Genesis 34:12

“Ask of me a dowry ever so high, as well as gifts, and I will pay…”

10

No incest with a sister

Genesis 12:3

“Please say that you are my sister…”

11

No homosexuality

Genesis 2:24

“…and cling to his wife”

12

No bestiality

Genesis 2:24

“…and cling to his wife”

13

No castration

Genesis 8:17

“…and let them swarm on the earth and be fertile and increase upon the earth”

14

Not to eat an animal that died naturally or without proper slaughter

Genesis 9:3

“Every creature that lives shall be yours to eat…”

15

Not to eat a limb of a living creature

Genesis 9:4

“You must not, however, eat flesh with its life-blood in it”

16

Not to eat or drink blood

Genesis 9:4

“You must not, however, eat flesh with its life-blood in it”

17

Not to crossbreed animals

Genesis 8:20

“…and, taking of every clean animal”

18

[Justice] (the original manuscript was damaged here)

19

To offer ritual sacrifices *

Genesis 8:20

“…and, taking of every clean animal”

20

No theft (including kidnapping)

Genesis 2:16;6:11

“When G-d saw how corrupt the earth was…”

21

To respect / honour father & mother *

Genesis 9:22-23

“Ham, the father of Canaan, saw his father’s nakedness…But Shem and Japheth took a cloth… and…covered their father’s nakedness”

22

No Molech worship (passing a child through fire)

Deuteronomy 18:10

“Let no one be found among you consigns his son or daughter to the fire, or that who is an augur, a soothsayer, a diviner, a sorcerer, one who casts spells, or one who consults ghosts or familiar spirits, or one who inquires of the dead. For anyone who does such things is abhorrent to the L-rd and it is because of these abhorrent things that the L-rd your G-d is dispossessing them before you”

23

No divination

Deuteronomy 18:10

“

24

No Divining of auspicious times

Deuteronomy 18:10

“

25

No Interpreting of omens / Superstition

Deuteronomy 18:10

“

26

No Witchcraft / Sorcery

Deuteronomy 18:10

“

27

No Charming / using incantations / conjuring / casting spells

Deuteronomy 18:10

“

28

No consulting mediums or a ghost

Deuteronomy 18:10

“

29

No consulting oracles or a familiar spirit

Deuteronomy 18:10

“

30

No consulting the dead (necromancy)

Deuteronomy 18:10

“

The laws that are followed by an * are positive admonitions, and those that do not are to be understood as prohibitions.

N.B. - Please note that these additional commandments should be treated as a list of recommendations and not as the actual accepted Halacha. For further explanation of this you should consult your Local Orthodox Rabbi or the new Shulchan Aruch for Bnei Noach: ‘The Divine Code’.

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