2. The personal care composition according to claim 1, wherein said
thickening agent has an aqueous gel volume of about 15 to 150 mL/gm of
polymer and a Brookfield viscosity in 5% aqueous solution of at least
10,000 cP at 25.degree. C.

3. The personal care composition according to claim 1, wherein said
solvent system comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of
esters, glycols, acids, oils, emulsions and hydrocarbons; used either
alone or in combination.

4. The personal care composition according to claim 3, wherein said
solvent system comprises an ester.

5. The personal care composition according to claim 3, wherein said
glycols selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, butylene
glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and
glycerin.

8. The personal care composition according to claim 3, wherein said
solvent system further comprises other chemicals selected from the group
consisting of salts, electrolytes, acids, bases, surfactants, cations,
di-hydroxyacetone and mixtures thereof.

9. The personal care composition according to claim 1, wherein said
solvent system comprises 15% or less of water.

13. The personal care composition according to claim 12, wherein said
thickening agent has an aqueous gel volume of about 15 to 150 mL/gm of
polymer and a Brookfield viscosity in 5% aqueous solution of at least
10,000 cP at 25.degree. C.

15. The personal care composition according to claim 12, wherein said
cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is selected from the
group consisting of a cream, a lotion, an emulsion, an oil, a spray, a
gel, a aerosol, an aqueous or hydra-alcoholic solution, a suspension, a
powder, a serums, an ointment, a shampoo, a gel, a paste and a mousse.

16. The personal care composition according to claim 12, wherein said
thickening additive composition is effective in imparting improved
viscosity and stability characteristics to the personal care composition.

17. The personal care composition according to claim 12, wherein said
thickening additive composition is from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight
of said composition.

18. The personal care composition according to claim 17, wherein said
thickening additive composition is from about 1% to about 6% by weight of
said composition.

19. The personal care composition according to claim 18, wherein said
composition has viscosity of at least 10,000 cP at 3% concentration of
thickening additive composition.

20. The personal care composition according to claim 18, wherein said
composition has viscosity of at least 30,000 cP at 5% concentration of
thickening additive composition.

22. The personal care composition according to claim 12, wherein the
composition further comprises at least one adjuvant selected from the
group consisting of co-solvents, a diluent, a lubricant, an associative
thickener, a surfactant, a flowing agent, an emollient, humectants, an
antioxidant, a preservative, an antimicrobial agent, an antibiotic and an
emulsifier.

23. The personal care composition according to claim 12, wherein said
composition is formulated in the form of liquid, gel, semi solid, and
solid.

[0002] The present invention relates to a thickening additive composition
comprising: (A) one or more substantially anhydrous solvent systems; and
(B) a thickening agent, wherein the thickening agent comprising a
strongly swellable, lightly to moderately crosslinked
polyvinylpyrrolidone. The polyvinylpyrrolidone typically has an aqueous
gel volume of about 15 to 150 mL/gm of polymer and/or a Brookfield
viscosity in 5% aqueous solution of at least 10,000 cP at 25° C.
Particularly, the present invention relates to the additive compositions
meant to be added to the base composition to make personal care products
for skin care, oral care, sun care, hair care and toiletries. More
particularly, personal care compositions that are difficult to thicken
include those that are substantially anhydrous or have low pH. The
additive compositions described herein are intended to maintain desired
viscosity, rheology and stability characteristics of the base
composition.

BACKGROUND

[0003] The personal care category consists of a broad array of products
that are fabricated in varied formulation types such as foundations,
concealers, lipsticks, lotions, suncare, sunless tanning, face creams,
liquid soaps, mascaras, and other color cosmetics and delivery systems.
These products provide a wide range of perceived efficacies to the
consumer, from "light" daily care products to therapeutic ointments and
creams.

[0004] Creams, lotions and gels are frequently used topically for cosmetic
or pharmaceutical use. Whether used to deliver a drug or as a skin
moisturizer, the consistency and feel of the composition are important to
the commercial success of the product. Stabilized compositions are
important in formulating such products.

[0005] Aqueous cosmetic compositions often require thickeners. Thickeners
which have been previously used in formulating creams, lotions and gels
include several commercially available acrylic acid polymers and
polyacrylamides. However, to obtain a target viscosity the manufacturers
of these thickeners consistently recommend that the thickener be
dispersed in water and then neutralized. Thus, in aqueous formulation
systems acrylic acid polymers and polyacrylamides have been found quite
useful and acceptable.

[0006] Unlike their aqueous counterparts, anhydrous systems are especially
difficult to thicken and also may present formulation stability problems.
Examples of various anhydrous systems that are difficult to thicken and
stabilize include alcohols, esters, glycols, acids, oils, and
hydrocarbons.

[0007] Many thickeners, also known as rheological modifiers, are
characterized as natural, modified-natural and synthetic. Natural
rheological modifiers include guar gum, pectin, casein, carrageenan,
xanthan gum and alginates. Modified rheological modifiers include
chemically modified celluloses, most particularly methylcellulose,
hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, and
carboxymethylcellulose. Synthetic thickeners include derivatives of the
former categories, and also polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylamides,
polyvinylpyrrolidones, various polyethers, their copolymers as well as
polyacrylic acids and their salts.

[0008] U.S. Pat. No. 5,422,112 discloses a thickener system including a
combination of xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate and
polyacrylamide. The compositions are said to be particularly effective at
low pH used especially for thickening alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acids and
salts thereof.

[0009] Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 5,874,095 claims an enhanced skin
penetration system comprising a nonionic polyacrylamide of high molecular
weight, for improved topical delivery of drugs at low pH.

[0010] Further, U.S. Pat. No. 6,774,100 reports an anhydrous composition
having a viscosity greater than 1000 centipoise (cP) maintained with a
thickening agent selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid
polymers and polyacrylamides.

[0011] Some acrylic acid thickeners are described in U.S. Pat. Nos.
2,883,351; 2,956,046; 3,035,004; and 3,436,378.

[0012] Polyvinylpyrrolidone and its salts and esters being used as
rheology modifier or as thickener in various personal care products are
described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,436,380; 6,197,281; 6,333,039; 6,685,952;
and 7,108,860.

[0014] Nonetheless, acrylic, polyacrylamide, and silicone elastomers are
widely acceptable thickener systems for aqueous system; there still
exists a need for thickening a substantially anhydrous composition, which
provides desired viscosity and stability.

[0015] The present application is directed to personal care composition
with improved thickening characteristics and associated stability. In
accordance with certain aspects, one or more of the following benefits
may be realized: [0016] a thickening system for wide range of anhydrous
compositions including gels, creams, lotions, solutions, emulsions etc;
[0017] a system which is easy to use; [0018] thickening to substantially
anhydrous sunscreens; [0019] a thickening additive composition which is
compatible at a wide pH range, particularly at lower pH; [0020] a
thickening additive composition which comprises dihydroxyacetone,
surfactants, salts and electrolytes; [0021] a thickening additive
composition which is stable or maintains viscosity at high shear.

[0023] In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a
thickening additive composition is provided wherein the composition
comprises: (A) one or more substantially anhydrous solvent systems; and
(B) a thickening agent, wherein the thickening agent comprises a strongly
swellable, lightly to moderately crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0024] The polyvinylpyrrolidone in the thickening agent has an aqueous gel
volume of about 15 to 150 mL/gm of polymer and/or a Brookfield viscosity
in 5% aqueous solution of at least 10,000 cP at 25° C.

[0025] The substantially anhydrous solvent system typically comprises 15%
or less of water, and it may include esters, glycols, acids, oils,
emulsions and hydrocarbons; used either alone or in combination. The
substantially anhydrous solvent system may further comprise other
chemicals selected from the group consisting of salts, electrolytes,
acids, bases, surfactants, cations, di-hydroxyacetone, and combinations
thereof.

[0026] The additive composition may be added to a base composition to make
personal care products, such as products for skin care, hair care, sun
care, oral care and toiletries.

[0027] In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a personal care
composition is provided comprising: (i) a personal care active; (ii) a
cosmetically or dermatologically-acceptable carrier; and (iii) a
thickening additive composition comprising (A) one or more substantially
anhydrous solvent systems; and (B) a thickening agent.

[0028] Examples of personal care compositions include shampoos, body wash
products, shaving cream, hand soap, bubble bath, bath gel, after-shave
lotions, creams, moisturizers, sunscreens, liquid soaps, color cosmetics,
acid peels, perms, hair color, sunless tanning and conditioners. The
cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may be selected from
the group consisting of a cream, a lotion, an emulsion, an oil, a spray,
a gel, an aerosol, an aqueous or hydroalcoholic solution, a suspension, a
powder, a serum, an ointment, a shampoo, a gel, a paste and a mousse.

[0029] In accordance with certain embodiments, the thickening additive
composition comprises from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of the
composition, more particularly from about 1% to about 6% by weight of the
composition.

[0030] Personal care compositions can be produced wherein the composition
exhibits a viscosity of at least 7000 cP at 3% concentration of
thickening additive composition, and a viscosity of at least 30,000 cP at
5% concentration.

[0031] The composition may further comprise at least one adjuvant such as
a diluent, a lubricant, a surfactant, a flowing agent, an emollient,
humectants, an antioxidant, a preservative, an antimicrobial agent, an
antibiotic and an emulsifier.

[0032] The composition according to the present invention can be used in a
great number of treatments, notably cosmetic and dermatological. They can
be fabricated in the form of cosmetic compositions used for skin, lips
and/or hair treatment, protection, care and make-up removal and/or
cleaning, as well as for make-up applications on skin, lips, eye lashes
and/or the body. The personal care composition may be formulated in the
form of liquid, gel, semi solid, or solid.

[0033] Thickening additive compositions in accordance with some
embodiments are effective in imparting improved viscosity, stability
characteristics to the personal care composition and also maintain
viscosity after exposure to high shear.

[0035] Compositions disclosed herein may also provide stability to an
anhydrous sun screen system. More particularly, the compositions may
thicken the anhydrous sunscreen system and provide water resistance in
sunscreen formulations.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The invention relates to improved thickening systems for cosmetic
compositions, particularly to substantially anhydrous compositions, such
as anhydrous creams, lotions and gels useful in the personal care
industries. More particularly, this disclosure relates to a thickening
additive composition comprising a substantially anhydrous solvent system,
and a thickening agent. The additive composition enables the formulator
to thicken non-aqueous systems creating anhydrous products and is
applicable to a wide range of materials including esters, glycols, acids,
mineral oil, vegetable oils, sunscreens and hydrocarbons; used either
alone or in combination.

[0037] The present invention involves a strongly swellable, moderately
crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone constitute a thickening system which can
easily be utilized for formulating various personal care products. More
particularly, the thickening systems are useful in personal care
compositions with low pH or high acid content; sunscreens; emulsions; and
oils. The resulting products showed improved viscosity and thickening
properties, without stability issues.

[0038] The term "thickening additive composition" as used herein refers to
a composition capable of providing thickness and rheological properties,
particularly to substantially anhydrous solvent systems.

[0039] The term "personal care composition" as used herein refers to
composition whose function is to maintain, restore or improve the
appearance of skin and hair. Specific examples of personal care
compositions include, but are not limited to, compositions with low pH or
high acid content; sunscreens; emulsions; and oils.

[0040] Accordingly, a first element of the thickening additive composition
according to the present invention is the thickening agent comprising
strongly swellable, lightly to moderately crosslinked
polyvinylpyrrolidone as described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. Nos.
5,312,619 and 5,139,770, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by
reference. The term "strongly swellable, lightly to moderately
crosslinked PVP", unless otherwise noted, specifically refers to polymer
essentially consisting of lightly- to moderately-crosslinked
poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) having at least one of the following
characteristics: (1) an aqueous swelling parameter defined by its gel
volume from about 15 mL/g to about 300 mL/g, more particularly from about
15 mL/g to about 250 mL/g, and in other cases from about 15 mL/g to about
150 mL/g, or (2) a Brookfield viscosity of 5% crosslinked PVP in a liquid
carrier comprising water at 25° C. of at least 2,000 cP, more
particularly of at least about 5,000 cP, and in certain cases of at least
about 10,000 cP. Disclosure for these parameter ranges is provided in
U.S. Pat. No. 5,073,614 (incorporated herein by reference) and in Shih,
J. S., et al. (1995). Synthesis methods for the crosslinked PVP are
disclosed in a number of references, including U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,073,614;
5,654,385; and 6,177,068, the contents of which are hereby incorporated
by reference. It is appreciated by a polymer scientist skilled in the art
that the method of synthesis is immaterial, inasmuch as the produced
polymer achieves at least one of the above defined parameters.

[0041] For example, U.S. patent '614 discloses different crosslinkers and
crosslinker amounts that yield crosslinked PVP suitable for the present
invention. The effect of crosslinker amount on swell volume and viscosity
is graphically presented in Shih, J. S., et al. (1995). Thus, the
crosslinked PVP may be produced by the precipitation polymerization
method of the '614 patent, by the hydrogel method described in the '385
patent, or by the non-aqueous, heterogeneous polymerization method of the
'068 patent. Certainly, other techniques are contemplated to synthesize
this polymer, provided the product meets the aqueous swelling parameter
and Brookfield viscosity requirements.

[0042] Final product viscosities may slightly vary for compositions
containing crosslinked PVP made by these different methods. Nonetheless,
these variations are within the scope of the invention, as the
crosslinked PVPs thicken low pH compositions.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified, "strongly swellable, lightly to
moderately crosslinked PVP" does not refer to swellable but
water-insoluble crosslinked PVP, such as the type sold into commercial
trade under the trade name Polyclar® by International Specialty
Products, which differs from the above described crosslinked PVP.

[0044] Commercially available examples of strongly swellable, lightly to
moderately crosslinked PVP include, but are not limited to, ACP-1120,
ACP-1179, and ACP-1180, available from International Specialty Products
(Wayne, N.J.).

[0045] As known to those skilled in the art, the precise amount of
thickeners can vary depending upon the consistency and thickness of the
composition which is desired. With reference to present invention,
thickening agent/thickeners/rheology modifiers may be used in the amounts
from about 0.01 to about 10% by weight of the composition. More
particularly, the amount may range from 1% to about 6% by weight of the
composition.

[0046] In accordance with certain embodiments, the compositions have a
viscosity greater than about 7000 centipoise (cP) at 3% concentration
when measured using a Brookfield viscometer at room temperature. It
should be understood that all viscosities referred to herein are measured
in this manner. In accordance with particular embodiments, the
composition has a viscosity greater than 30,000 cP at 5% concentration.
In particularly useful embodiments, the composition has a viscosity in
the range of from about 1000 to about 100,000 centipoise. In other
embodiments, the compositions have a viscosity in the range of about
10,000 cP to about 100,000 cP.

[0047] The substantially anhydrous solvents useful in the present
compositions include esters, glycols, acids, oils, emulsions, and
hydrocarbons; used either alone or in combination.

[0051] The substantially anhydrous solvent system may further comprise
other chemicals such as salts, electrolytes, acids, bases, surfactants,
cations, and di-hydroxyacetone.

[0052] The present application discloses compositions containing a
"substantially anhydrous solvent system" together with a thickening
agent, defined hereafter. The composition constitutes an additive
composition which can easily be added to a base composition to make
personal care products such as those for skin care, hair care, sun care,
oral care and toiletries. The blended inventive product results in a
thickening composition with equal or improved viscosity and thickening
properties.

[0053] Within the context of the present invention, the resulting personal
care composition is an anhydrous preparation, which will be understood by
those of skill in the art, to mean that water has not been added as a
component. However, water may be present in the composition via its
presence in the formulation components and absorption from the
atmosphere.

[0054] The compositions which include chemicals such as salts,
electrolytes, acids, bases, surfactants, cations, and di-hydroxyacetone
may have water, if any, in less than 15%, more particularly less than 10%
and even more particularly less than 5%.

[0055] In another aspect, there is provided a personal care composition
comprising a personal care active; (ii) a cosmetically or
dermatologically-acceptable carrier; and (iii) thickening additive
composition comprising (A) one or more substantially anhydrous solvent
systems; and (B) a thickening agent, wherein the thickening agent
comprises a strongly swellable, moderately crosslinked
polyvinylpyrrolidone having an aqueous gel volume of about 15 to 150
mL/gm of polymer and a Brookfield viscosity in 5% aqueous solution of at
least 10,000 cP at 25° C.

[0057] In most embodiments, the personal care products of the invention
comprise a personal care active ingredient which provides benefit to the
user's body, e.g., to the hair or skin. Such materials are in general
well-known to those persons of ordinary skill in the relevant personal
care composition art, and may include moisturizing agents,
antiperspirants, anti-bacterials, sunscreen agents, insect repellents,
cleaning agents, hair conditioning agents, hair styling agents,
anti-dandruff agents, hair growth promoters, hair dyes and pigments,
anesthetics, lubricants, spermicides, soaps and perfumes.

[0058] The active personal care ingredients (and other ingredients of the
personal care compositions as described below) can be categorized by the
benefit they provide or by their postulated mode of action. However, it
is to be understood that the active personal care ingredients (and other
ingredients) useful herein can in some instances provide more than one
benefit or operate via more than one mode of action. Therefore,
classifications herein are made for the sake of convenience and are not
intended to limit the active to that particular application or
applications listed.

[0059] Examples of substances that may suitably be included in the
personal care products according to the present invention as active
personal care ingredients include the following:

[0060] (1) perfumes and fragrances, which give rise to an olfactory
response in the form of a fragrance, and deodorant perfumes which, in
addition to providing a fragrance response, can also reduce body malodor;

[0061] (2) skin coolants, such as menthol, menthyl acetate, menthyl
pyrrolidone carboxylate, N-ethyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide and other
derivatives of menthol, which give rise to a tactile response in the form
of a cooling sensation on the skin;

[0062] (3) emollients, such as isopropylmyristate, silicone oils, mineral
oils and vegetable oils, which give rise to a tactile response in the
form of an increase in skin lubricity;

[0063] (4) deodorants other than perfumes, whose function is to reduce the
level of or eliminate micro flora at the skin surface, especially those
responsible for the development of body malodor, including precursors of
deodorants;

[0064] (5) antiperspirant actives, whose function is to reduce or
eliminate the appearance of perspiration at the skin surface;

[0065] (6) moisturizing agents, that keep the skin moist by either adding
moisture or preventing from evaporating from the skin;

[0066] (7) cleansing agents, that remove dirt and oil from the skin;

[0067] (8) sunscreen active ingredients that protect the skin and hair
from UV and other harmful light rays from the sun;

[0074] Humectants have been described as agents that control the moisture
exchange between the product and air, both in the container and on the
skin. Humectants have also been described as compounds that prevent
drying of skin or that increase the water content of the top layers of
skin (e.g., hygroscopic compounds).

[0076] Numerous sunscreen agents are suitable for use in the personal care
compositions of the present invention. Examples include, p-aminobenzoic
acid, its salts and its derivatives, anthranilates, salicylates, cinnamic
acid derivatives, dihydroxy cinnamic acid derivatives, trihydroxy
cinnamic acid derivatives, dibenzalacetone, dibenzalacetophenone,
naphtholsulfonates, dihydroxynaphtholic acid and its salts, coumarin
derivatives, diazoles, quinine salts, quinoline derivatives, hydroxy- and
methoxy-substituted benzophenones, uric and vilouric acids, tannic acid
and its derivatives, hydroquinone and benzophenones. In accordance with
this invention, an effective amount will normally be from about 0.01 to
about 10% by weight, more particularly from about 0.1 to about 5% by
weight, based on the weight of the composition.

[0079] A variety of medicinal agents also may be present as active
ingredients in the compositions of the invention. Non-limiting examples
are anti-acne additives, anti-cellulite agents, antihistamines,
anti-inflammatory agents, antimicrobials, spermicides, antiseptics,
antifungal agents and antiviral agents, and local anesthetics.

[0080] Examples of cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carriers
include, but are not limited to, a cream, a lotion, an emulsion, an oil,
a spray, a gel, a aerosol, an aqueous or hydra-alcoholic solution, a
suspension, a powder, a serums, an ointment, a shampoo, a gel, a paste
and a mousse.

[0081] The composition may also include one or more adjuvants such as
co-solvents, (e.g., alcohol, acetone, propylene carbonates), a diluent, a
lubricant, an associative thickener, a surfactant, a flowing agent, an
emollient, humectants, an antioxidant, a preservative, an antimicrobial
agent, an antibiotic and an emulsifier.

[0082] The thickening additive compositions in accordance with this
disclosure can be easily prepared by conventional methods known to
persons of ordinary skill in the art, such as, simple mixing or blending
using physical means or heat blending.

[0083] In one aspect, where acids and alcohols are included in the
anhydrous solvent system, the acid or alcohol can be simply mixed with
the moderately cross linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, using homogenizers at
room temperature. This additive composition may be added to a base
composition containing a personal care active and other adjuvants. This
is particularly useful when the personal care composition is heat liable.
The order of addition of the ingredients is not critical. In accordance
with certain embodiments, the personal care active may be added to a
dermatological or cosmetically acceptable carrier. Then, sufficient
thickening additive composition may be added with stirring to provide a
composition having the desired viscosity. Other optional adjuvants can
then be added with continued stirring.

[0084] In another aspect, where sunscreens and oils constitute at least a
part of the anhydrous solvent system, heat can be applied, provided there
is no detrimental effect on the personal care actives.

[0085] In particular embodiments, sunscreen or combination of sunscreens
when used in association with the thickening additive composition have
shown viscosity as well stability excellence.

[0087] Beyond building viscosity, the thickening system of this invention
has the further advantage of stabilizing oil and water emulsions and
providing a good skin-feel.

[0088] In another embodiment, oils containing surfactant were thickened
with the thickening additive composition, which may also contain
X-Tend® 226 (ISP).

[0089] The following examples are presented to illustrate specific
embodiments of the present compositions and methods. These examples
should not be interpreted as limitations upon the scope of the invention.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

Thickening of Various Solvent Systems and their Rheological Testing

[0090] Table 1 shows thickening of water, ethanol and combination of water
and ethanol solvent system. The results were illustrated in FIGS. 1 and
2. The hydroalcoholic solutions showed better results in terms of highly
thickened additive composition have been obtained with 3% of lightly to
moderately crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone solution. Still better
results were obtained with 5% solution.

Thickening of Acidic Systems with Lightly to Moderately Crosslinked
Polyvinylpyrrolidone

[0092] The low pH compositions, according to the present disclosure are
made by mixing thickening agent i.e. strongly swellable, lightly to
moderately crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone with alcohol/Deionized
water/mixture of the two. This is followed by adding to it the various
acidic components, such as salicylic acid and glycolic acid, with
continuous homogenization. The viscosity of the resulting composition is
measured using a Brookfield LVT viscometer.

[0093] The low pH compositions expressed as percents of total weight of
the entire composition are reported in Table 3, and the corresponding
results in Table 4.

Thickening of Alcohols Based Anhydrous Sunscreen with Lightly to
Moderately Crosslinked Polyvinylpyrrolidone

[0094] The personal care compositions, which are substantially anhydrous,
according to the present disclosure may be made by mixing thickening
agent i.e. strongly swellable, lightly to moderately crosslinked
polyvinylpyrrolidone with one or more substantially anhydrous solvent
systems followed by adding it to the various personal care compositions.
The viscosity of the resulting composition is measured using a Brookfield
LVT viscometer.

[0095] The sunscreen compositions expressed as percents of total weight of
the entire composition are reported in Table 5, and the corresponding
results in Table 6.

[0096] In Examples 8-10, thickening agent is first dispersed in alcohol
and then added to a hot mixture of sunscreen oils. The mixture was
continuously mixed until smooth and free of lumps and a gel was obtained.
Compositions with the concentration of 5% lightly to moderately
crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (Example 3) exhibited better gel
consistency and a viscosity of 110,000 cP.

[0097] In Example 11, thickening agent is first dispersed in sunscreen
oils with heating and homogenization. The gel so obtained was cooled to
45° C. This is followed by addition of alcohol and fragrance with
continuous mixing and the temperature was maintained at 30° C. The
composition has shown high SPF value of 45 (on Labspere using 25 mg) or
SPF of 41.4 (on Optimetrics SPF 290 Analyzer using 25 mg). The in-vitro
water resistance value obtained was 97.64 (Std. Deviation of 6.12).

[0109] Example 14 provides a broad spectrum, high SPF gel which is very
water resistant, and has good rub resistance. The composition is a non
alcohol formulation for non VOC regulations. It is non-greasy, with
minimal shine.

[0110] Having described the invention in detail and by reference to
disclosed embodiments thereof, it will be apparent that modifications and
variations are possible without departing from the scope of the invention
as defined in the following claims: