The Circulation of Garden Water Fountains Industrial Knowledge in Europe

The Circulation of Garden Water Fountains Industrial Knowledge in Europe The circulated reports and illustrated books of the time contributed to the evolution of scientific technology, and were the primary means of dissiminating useful hydraulic facts and water feature suggestions all through Europe. In the later part of the 1500's, a French water feature architect (whose name has been lost) was the internationally distinguished hydraulics innovator. By developing landscapes and grottoes with integrated and clever water attributes, he started off his occupation in Italy by earning imperial commissions in Brussels, London and Germany. The book, “The Principles of Moving Forces,” authored near the end of his life in France, turned into the fundamental text on hydraulic mechanics and engineering. The publication modified important hydraulic breakthroughs since classical antiquity as well as describing contemporary hydraulic technologies. Archimedes, the developer of the water screw, had his work highlighted and these integrated a mechanical way to move water. Sunlight heated up the liquid in a pair of undetectable vessels adjoining to the decorative water feature were shown in an illustration. The end result: the water feature is stimulated by the heated liquid expanding and rising up the pipes. Garden ponds as well as pumps, water wheels, and water feature styles are incorporated in the publication.

Your Water Wall Fountain: Upkeep & Routine Service

Your Water Wall Fountain: Upkeep & Routine Service A very important first step is to think about the dimensions of the outdoor wall fountain with regards to the area you have available for it. A strong wall is absolutely necessary to hold up its total weight. So spaces or walls which are smaller will most probably require something lightweight. An electric socket near the fountain is required to power the fountain. Since there are many varieties of outdoor wall fountains, installation procedures vary, but the majority include easy to follow instructions.

Generally, when you purchase an outdoor wall fountain, it will come in an easy-to-use kit that will include all the needed information to install it correctly. The kit will contain a submersible pump, the hoses and basin (or reservoir). Depending on its size, the basin can normally be hidden quite easily amongst the plants. Once your wall fountain is in place, all that is needed is regular cleaning and some light maintenance.

Replenishing and purifying the water on a regular basis is very important. Remember to clear away debris like leaves, twigs or dirt as swiftly as possible. Safeguarding your outdoor wall fountain from the freezing winter weather is essential. Your pump may split when subjected to freezing water during the winter, so it is best to bring it indoors to prevent any damage. All in all, an outdoor wall fountain can last for any number of years with the right maintenance and cleaning.

Your Patio: An Ideal Spot for a Garden Fountain

Your Patio: An Ideal Spot for a Garden Fountain The addition of a wall water feature or an outdoor garden fountain is a great way to embellish your yard or garden design. Many modern designers and artisans have been inspired by historical fountains and water features. As such, integrating one of these to your interior is a superb way to connect it to the past. Among the many properties of these beautiful garden water features is the water and moisture they release into the air which attracts birds and other wild life as well as helps to balance the ecosystem. Birds enticed by a fountain or bird bath often scare away irksome flying pests, for instance.

The area required for a cascading or spouting fountain is considerable, so a wall fountain is the ideal size for a small yard. There are two types of fountains to choose from including the freestanding model with a flat back and an attached basin set up against a fence or a wall in your yard, or the wall-mounted, self-contained variety which is hung directly on a wall. A water feature can be added to an existing wall if you include some sort of fountain mask as well as a basin to gather the water below. It is best not to undertake this job yourself as skilled plumbers and masons are best suited to do this kind of work.

The Defining Characteristics of Ancient Greek Statues

The Defining Characteristics of Ancient Greek Statues The initial freestanding sculpture was designed by the Archaic Greeks, a recognized achievement since until then the only carvings in existence were reliefs cut into walls and columns. Most of the freestanding statues were of youthful, winsome male or female (kore) Greeks and are called kouros figures. The kouroi were seen by the Greeks to embody beauty and were sculpted with one foot leading and an uncompromising stiffness to their forward-facing poses; the male statues were always strapping, brawny, and unclothed. Life-sized versions of the kouroi appeared beginning in 650 BC. The Archaic period was an awesome point of change for the Greeks as they expanded into new forms of government, created unique expressions of art, and attained information of the people and cultures outside of Greece. The Arcadian battles, the Spartan invasion of Samos, and other wars between city-states are examples of the sorts of battles that arose frequently, which is consistent with other times of historical change.

The Various Construction Materials of Garden Water fountains

The Various Construction Materials of Garden Water fountains While today’s garden fountains are made in a variety of materials, the majority are made from metal. Metallic ones offer clean lines and unique sculptural accents and can accommodate nearly any decorative style and budget. It is essential that your landscape reflects the style of your home.

Presently, copper is extremely popular for sculptural garden fountains. Copper is appropriate for many fountain styles, including tabletop and cascade water fountains, and can be put inside or outside - making it a great option. If you choose to go with copper, your fountain can be any style from fun and whimsical to contemporary.

Also common, brass fountains generally have a more old-fashioned appearance to them versus their copper counterpart. Although it is not the most stylish, the creatures and sculptural features you find on fountains are mostly made of brass, thus making them very popular.

Arguably the most cutting-edge of all metals is stainless steel. A cutting-edge steel design will quickly increase the value of your garden as well as the feeling of serenity. Like all water fountains, you can find them in just about any size you want.

Fiberglass is a common material for fountains because you can get the look and feel of metal at a much lower price, and it is lighter and easier to move than metal. It is simple to clean and maintain a fiberglass water fountain, yet another reason they are popular.

The Source of Today's Wall Fountains

The Source of Today's Wall Fountains Himself a learned man, Pope Nicholas V headed the Roman Catholic Church from 1397 till 1455 and was responsible for the translation of hundreds of ancient documents from their original Greek into Latin. Beautifying Rome and making it the worthy capital of the Christian world was at the center of his objectives. In 1453 the Pope commissioned the rebuilding of the Aqua Vergine, an ancient Roman aqueduct which had carried clean drinking water into the city from eight miles away. The historical Roman tradition of marking the arrival point of an aqueduct with an imposing celebratory fountain, also known as a mostra, was restored by Nicholas V. The present-day site of the Trevi Fountain was once occupied by a wall fountain commissioned by the Pope and constructed by the architect Leon Battista Alberti. The aqueduct he had refurbished included modifications and extensions which eventually allowed it to supply water to the Trevi Fountain as well as the famed baroque fountains in the Piazza del Popolo and the Piazza Navona.

Water Features Found in Historical Documents

Water Features Found in Historical Documents As originally developed, fountains were crafted to be functional, directing water from streams or reservoirs to the residents of towns and settlements, where the water could be used for cooking, cleaning, and drinking. A supply of water higher in elevation than the fountain was needed to pressurize the movement and send water spraying from the fountain's nozzle, a technology without equal until the late nineteenth century. Fountains all through history have been developed as monuments, impressing local citizens and travelers alike. Simple in design, the 1st water fountains didn't look much like present fountains. A natural stone basin, carved from rock, was the 1st fountain, used for holding water for drinking and religious functions. 2000 B.C. is when the oldest identified stone fountain basins were actually used. The very first civilizations that utilized fountains depended on gravity to drive water through spigots. The location of the fountains was influenced by the water source, which is why you’ll usually find them along reservoirs, waterways, or rivers. The Romans began creating decorative fountains in 6 BC, most of which were bronze or stone masks of animals and mythological characters. Water for the public fountains of Rome arrived to the city via a intricate system of water aqueducts.

Select from Countless Exterior Wall Fountain Designs

Select from Countless Exterior Wall Fountain Designs Small verandas or courtyards are a perfect place to install wall fountains since they add style to an area with limited space. Conventional, antique, modern, or Asian are just a few of the designs you can pick from when looking for an outdoor wall fountain to your liking. If you are looking for a unique design, a custom-made one can be specially made to fit your specifications.

Mounted and free-standing fountains are available on the market. Mounted wall fountains are small and self-contained variations which can be displayed on a wall. Wall fountains made of resin (resembling stone) or fiberglass are usually lightweight so they can be easily hung. Floor fountains are freestanding, large, and also have a basin on the floor as well as a flat side against the wall. Normally made of cast stone, these water features have no weight restrictions.

Landscape professionals often recommend a custom-built fountain for a brand new or existing wall. A professional mason is necessary to place the water basin against the wall and properly install all the plumbing inside or behind the wall. A fountain mask or a spout also needs to be incorporated into the wall. The cohesive look provided by customized wall fountains make them appear to be part of the landscape rather than an afterthought.

Original Water Delivery Solutions in Rome

Original Water Delivery Solutions in Rome Prior to 273, when the very first elevated aqueduct, Aqua Anio Vetus, was built in Roma, residents who lived on hillsides had to go further down to gather their water from natural sources. If inhabitants living at higher elevations did not have access to springs or the aqueduct, they’d have to count on the remaining existing technologies of the time, cisterns that gathered rainwater from the sky and subterranean wells that drew the water from below ground. In the very early 16th century, the city began to use the water that flowed below ground through Acqua Vergine to deliver drinking water to Pincian Hill. Pozzi, or manholes, were made at regular intervals along the aqueduct’s channel. During the roughly nine years he had the residential property, from 1543 to 1552, Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi employed these manholes to take water from the channel in containers, though they were previously built for the function of maintaining and servicing the aqueduct. The cistern he had constructed to obtain rainwater wasn’t sufficient to meet his water needs. That is when he decided to create an access point to the aqueduct that ran under his property.

Look at the Benefits of an Interior Wall Water Fountain

Look at the Benefits of an Interior Wall Water Fountain Clinics and health care facilities have been using indoor fountains to create peaceful, stress-free environments for many years now. A meditative state can be brought about in people who hear the soft sounds of trickling water.

The sounds created by indoor fountains are also thought to increase the pace of rehabilitation. They are believed to be a positive part of treating a variety of illnesses according to many medical professionals and mental health providers. Those with PTSD or insomnia, as well as other medical conditions, are thought to recover better with the comforting, delicate sounds of flowing water.

An indoor wall water element is thought to produce an overall sense of well-being and security according to countless studies. Human beings, as well as this planet, could not thrive without the sight and sound of water.

Feng-shui is an ancient school of thought which asserts that water is one of two fundamental components in our lives which has the capacity to transform us. The main precepts of feng-shui state that we can attain serenity and harmony by balancing the interior elements in our surroundings. Our homes must contain some sort of water element. The front of your home, including the entrance, is the best place to put in a fountain.

Whatever you choose, whether a mounted waterfall, a stand-alone water feature, or a customized fountain, you can rest assured that your brand new water wall will be advantageous to you and your loved ones. Based on the results of many research studies, people who have a fountain in a central room are said to be more content, satisfied, and lighthearted than those who do not have one.

Where did Landscape Fountains Come From?

Where did Landscape Fountains Come From? A fountain, an incredible piece of engineering, not only supplies drinking water as it pours into a basin, it can also launch water high into the air for an extraordinary effect.

The central purpose of a fountain was originally strictly practical. Water fountains were connected to a spring or aqueduct to provide drinkable water as well as bathing water for cities, townships and villages. Up until the nineteenth, fountains had to be higher and closer to a water supply, including aqueducts and reservoirs, in order to take advantage of gravity which fed the fountains. Fountains were not only used as a water source for drinking water, but also to decorate homes and celebrate the designer who created it. Roman fountains usually depicted imagery of animals or heroes made of bronze or stone masks. During the Middle Ages, Muslim and Moorish garden planners included fountains to create mini depictions of the gardens of paradise. King Louis XIV of France wanted to illustrate his superiority over nature by including fountains in the Gardens of Versailles. Seventeen and 18 century Popes sought to extol their positions by adding beautiful baroque-style fountains at the point where restored Roman aqueducts arrived into the city.

Urban fountains created at the end of the 19th century functioned only as decorative and celebratory adornments since indoor plumbing provided the essential drinking water. The creation of special water effects and the recycling of water were 2 things made possible by swapping gravity with mechanical pumps.

Embellishing city parks, honoring people or events and entertaining, are some of the functions of modern-day fountains.

Creators of the First Fountains

Creators of the First Fountains Multi-talented people, fountain designers from the 16th to the late 18th century frequently functioned as architects, sculptors, artists, engineers and cultivated scholars all in one person. Leonardo da Vinci, a Renaissance artist, was renowned as a creative master, inventor and scientific virtuoso. He systematically documented his findings in his now much celebrated notebooks about his investigations into the forces of nature and the properties and movement of water. Brilliant water exhibits full of symbolic meaning and all-natural beauty transformed private villa settings when early Italian fountain creators paired resourcefulness with hydraulic and landscaping abilities. The humanist Pirro Ligorio, celebrated for his virtuosity in archeology, architecture and garden design, offered the vision behind the wonders in Tivoli. For the various lands in the vicinity of Florence, other fountain designers were well versed in humanistic topics as well as ancient scientific texts, masterminding the extraordinary water marbles, water attributes and water jokes.

The City Of Rome, Gian Bernini, And Outdoor Water Fountains

The City Of Rome, Gian Bernini, And Outdoor Water Fountains There are countless renowned fountains in Rome’s city center. One of the best ever sculptors and artists of the 17th century, almost all of them were planned, conceived and built by Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Traces of his life's efforts are apparent throughout the roads of Rome because, in addition to his skills as a water fountain creator, he was additionally a city architect. A renowned Florentine sculptor, Bernini's father mentored his young son, and they eventually moved to Rome to totally showcase their art, mainly in the form of public water features and water features. The young Bernini received compliments from Popes and influential artists alike, and was an excellent worker. At first he was well known for his sculpting skills. An expert in classic Greek architecture, he used this knowledge as a foundation and melded it seamlessly with Roman marble, most remarkably in the Vatican. Though many artists had an influence on his work, Michelangelo had the most profound effect.

Bernini’s Early Italian Fountains

Bernini’s Early Italian Fountains One can find Bernini's earliest masterpiece, the Barcaccia water fountain, at the bottom of the Trinita dei Monti in Piaza di Spagna. This area is still filled with Roman locals and visitors who like to exchanging gossip or going over the day's news. Bernini would without a doubt have been happy to know that people still flock to what has become one the city's most fashionable areas, that surrounding his amazing fountain. The master's very first fountain of his professional life was built at around 1630 at the request of Pope Urbano VIII. People can now see the fountain as a depiction of a commanding ship gradually sinking into the Mediterranean Sea. According to 16th century reports, a great flood of the Tevere covered the entire area in water, an event which was commemorated by the tremendous fountain. In what turned out to be his sole prolonged absence from Italy, Bernini {journeyed | traveled] to France in 1665.

Early Crete & The Minoans: Garden Fountains

Early Crete & The Minoans: Garden Fountains Various different kinds of conduits have been discovered through archaeological digs on the island of Crete, the birthplace of Minoan civilization. In combination with offering water, they distributed water that accumulated from deluges or waste. Rock and clay were the elements of choice for these conduits. Terracotta was used for canals and pipes, both rectangular and spherical. The cone-like and U-shaped terracotta conduits that were uncovered have not been spotted in any other culture. The water supply at Knossos Palace was managed with a system of clay pipes that was put beneath the floor, at depths going from a couple of centimeters to several meters. The terracotta water lines were additionally used for collecting and storing water. Hence, these pipelines had to be ready to: Subterranean Water Transportation: It’s not quite understood why the Minoans required to transport water without it being noticed. Quality Water Transportation: The pipes may also have been made use of to haul water to fountains which were different from the city’s regular technique.

Exterior Fountains Come in Many Shapes and Sizes

Exterior Fountains Come in Many Shapes and Sizes Have you ever considered converting your garden into an oasis of tranquility? Add a sense of tranquility to your garden with an exterior fountain and avail yourself of all the positive benefits of a water feature.

The splendor of a spouting fountain can be seen when it propels a stream of shooting water into the air. If your pond is significantly large, it can be incorporated without difficulty. You can find these in community recreational areas or old mansions.

Outdoor water features come in different forms, one of which is a chic wall fountain. Such water features make for a fantastic addition to your yard even if it is small. Whereas spouting fountains leave behind an impressive effect, wall fountains are more understated water features. In a very straightforward process, the water flows out of a spout, trickles down a magnificently textured wall only to be pumped back to the top.

Themed fountains are perfect when the look of your garden allows for them. Consider a classic type of statue, such as a cherub supporting a spout, for the fountain if your residence or garden is rustic in style. think about including something bolder and distinctive for a contemporary garden. Let your creativity run free to choose the best option.

The main attribute of tiered fountains is the numerous levels spewing out water. Due to the water moving down its multiple levels, these are also called cascading fountains.

Since external fountains occupy a great deal of space, consider putting in a wall fountain or a pondless fountain. Due to the fact that the reservoirs necessary for these kinds of fountains are hidden below the ground, you can make the most of the space at your disposal.

Serenity and well-being are a few of the key sensations imparted by Japanese fountains. Bamboo sticks serve as the tubing from which water flows in these kinds of water features. Water then flows into a container or a shaped stone, only to repeat the cycle over and over again.

One of the many designs of fountain available is the glass fountain. Featuring shaped metalwork, trellis-style fountains of this kind have a more traditional feel. Water features of this kind are an excellent option for gardens with many sharp edges as well as contemporary shapes and design. As the water streams over the top of the glass it produces a dazzling impact. Some fountains also include colorful LED lights to shine onto the sheets of glass as water streams downwards. A rock waterfall fountain (often made of imitation rock) shows off water gently cascading down its façade.

A large rock drilled with holes which then has tubes inserted into it is what differentiates a bubbling rock fountain. Low pressure is used to push up the water which then bubbles and gurgles at the top. Water then streams as a delicate trickle down the sides of the rock to its base. Gardens with little space are good areas to include this style of fountain. This sort of fountain, which uses low pressure to move water, is perfect because it stops water from being sprayed around in breezy weather.

The trend of installing solar powered fountains is becoming progressively widespread. The lack of cables, the decreased hassle in managing them, the lower energy bills, and the benefits to our ecosystem are just some of the motives for this increased interest. Outdoor solar-powered fountains are available in myriad varying styles, therefore, you will not have to compromise on which one to purchase.

The Effect of the Norman Conquest on Anglo Saxon Gardens

The Effect of the Norman Conquest on Anglo Saxon Gardens Anglo-Saxons experienced great modifications to their daily lives in the latter half of the eleventh century due to the accession of the Normans. At the time of the conquest, the Normans surpassed the Anglo-Saxons in building design and cultivation. But before concentrating on home-life or having the occasion to contemplate domestic architecture or decoration, the Normans had to subjugate an entire population. Most often constructed upon windy summits, castles were basic structures that permitted their inhabitants to spend time and space to offensive and defensive programs, while monasteries were rambling stone buildings frequently placed in only the most fecund, broad valleys. Gardening, a placid occupation, was unfeasible in these unproductive fortifications. Berkeley Castle, perhaps the most unspoiled model of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture, still exists now. It is said that the keep was developed during William the Conqueror's time. An enormous terrace encompasses the building, serving as an obstacle to assailants attempting to excavate under the castle walls. On one of these parapets is a scenic bowling green covered in grass and bordered by an aged hedge of yew that has been designed into coarse battlements.
Landscape Elegance: FountainsIt is also possible to place your exterior water fountain near a wall since they do not need to be connected to a nearby pond.Digging, installing and maintaining a nearby pond are no longer necessary....
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The Wide Range of Outdoor Wall FountainsA small patio or a courtyard is a great spot to situate your wall fountain when you need peace and quiet.You can have one made to fit your requirements even if you have a minimum amount of space....
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Attributes of Outdoor Statues in Archaic GreeceThe first freestanding statuary was developed by the Archaic Greeks, a distinguished achievement since until then the only carvings in existence were reliefs cut into walls and columns....
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The Elegance of Simple Garden Decor: The Wall fountainThese days you can just place your garden water fountain close to a wall since they no longer need to be hooked to a pond.Due to the myriad possibilities available, it no longer necessary to deal with excavations, difficult installations or cleaning the pond....
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The Hellenic Republic: Cultural SculptureHistorically, most sculptors were paid by the temples to decorate the involved columns and archways with renderings of the gods, but as the period came to a close it grew to be more common for sculptors to portray ordinary people as well simply because many Greeks had begun to think of their religion as superstitious rather than sacred....
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