Thank you for your response...actually for the first problem (scientists vs environmentalists) I was attracted to C because I thought the environmentalists flaw was that they failed to see the purpose of why they wanted to launch a space craft, that it was launched in order to gain the info to reverse the damage.

C says - fails to distinguish the goal of reversing harmful effects from the goal of preventing harmful effects...so I translated this as the env's not being able to see the difference between the scientists goals and their goal of not wanting excess pollution to begin with.