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Friday, 20 July 2012

What Oil Painting Materials to Buy for a Beginners’ Art Class

Starting
out in oil painting need not mean purchasing lots of art materials. With some
guidance, money can be saved on needless pigments or art gadgets. The secret is
to purchase only what is essential and also the most mobile. This will come in
useful when starting an oil painting course.

Essential Pigments for Starting Out in Oil Painting

Essential Oil Painting
Rachel Shirley

There
is a confusing choice of art pigments that can be used for art class, but not
all are needed. In fact, many colours are redundant, such as orange, skin tone
and grey. Regardless of whether the class focuses upon landscape, portraiture
or abstract, a few pigments will cover most needs. Small 37ml tubes (with a larger
tube of white, say 100ml) will be easy to carry. The following pigments will
come in useful, as these include the primary colours: titanium white,
ultramarine, pthalo blue, lemon yellow, cadmium yellow (pale), permanent rose,
cadmium red, burnt umber and burnt sienna. Additional pigments can be added at
a later stage: viridian, cerulean blue, cobalt blue, carmine red, alizarin
crimson, quinacridone violet, vermillion, Indian red, lamp black.

What
are the Main Types of Oil Paint?

It
is recommended that beginners purchase student quality oil paint as the artist
quality is costly. Student quality oils provide high performance in regards to
tinting strength and coverage; the main difference is that the artist quality
oils comprise traditional sources of pigment as opposed to synthetic. Purchase
only tried and tested producers of oil paint such as Winsor & Newton or
Daler Rowney. Water based oil paint such as Artisan can be used if the user is
sensitive to solvents associated with oils. Water soluble oils can be thinned
and cleaned with water instead of solvents.

Beginner’s
Guide to Oil Painting Brushes

Sable
brushes or a blend of sable and synthetic are ideal for oil painting. Bristles
that are springy to the touch would be suitable for detail and blending. Ox
hair (or similar stiff brushes from DIY stores) would be suitable for impasto
techniques or ladling on large areas of paint. Art brushes come in various
sizes and shapes. Several at one’s disposal will enable the mixing of different
colours without having to repeatedly wash the brushes in spirits.

Art
Brush Sizes for Oil Painting

Brushes
come in various sizes that are designated by numbers; the larger the number,
the larger the brush. Sizes 00, 3 and 6 should satisfy all needs for fine
detail. Sable ‘rounds’ (bristles that taper to a point) will provide a fine
line. Filbert or ‘flat’ describe bristles that create wide brushmarks. Sizes
10, 12 or larger would be suitable for applying large areas of paint and for
glazing. With this in mind, only a range of 6 brush sizes or so would be needed
to create an array of marks.

The
Use of Art Mediums in Art Class

As
oil paint is oil-based, special solvents are needed for cleaning the brushes
and thinning the paint. Some solvents can be smelly, not ideal for work in an
enclosed space. For this reason, turps or industrial spirits should not be used.
Low odour artist’s spirits such as Sansador are kinder to the brushes as well
as the senses. A jar of Sansador could last years if used solvent were left in
a jar to settle and then the clear solution siphoned off into another jar to be
reused.

Linseed
oil can be used to thin the oil paint into an oily wash, which makes the paint
runny and provide gloss. Other art mediums can be experimented with, such as
alkyd mediums which accelerate the drying time of oil paint and also impasto.
For health and safety, place such solvents into small jars with a secure lid.

Compact
Art Boards for Students

A
variety of art surfaces can be used for oil painting. For compactness, an oil
sketching pad can be found in art shops. This works out cheaper than purchasing
numerous canvases and also saves on space. Oil sketching pads comprise sized
paper with a light, canvas texture. Alternatively, art boards can be purchased
in various sizes and textures. Art boards are simply cut card which has been
primed for oil painting.

Gessoes
and Grounds for Oil Painting

To
cut on cost, preparing your own art surfaces can be a satisfying experience.
Simply purchase a tin of good quality gesso primer, which is a water-soluble
white paint that can be applied straight into wood, card or paper. The primer
dries water-resistant but brushes can be cleaned in warm water afterwards. Some
artists use oil based primers or prepare their own gessoes with warm glue and
gesso powder. However, the use of acrylic primer gesso makes priming art
surfaces a lot simpler.

Other
Essential Art Materials for Oil Painting

Mixing
oil paint on a palette need not mean the purchase of specially-treated wood. An
old saucer or Cling Film over a piece of board would be suitable as a mixing
palette. In fact, any non porous material would be suitable. Rags will come in
handy for wiping the brushes dry. But how can all these items be ferried to
class? Some artists like to use a pochade box or similar for storing and
transit. I use a tool box, which is the same as an art bin, but much cheaper. A
tool box with a handle and tiered drawers that open out would be ideal for the
art materials.

This blog offers art challenges for oils, alkyds, acrylics, watercolors, pastels and crafts for all ages which might be used for developing artists or as lesson plan ideas for teachers. I have a BA in Fine Art and a PCET in teaching. I have condensed my teaching experience within my book ‘How do I Inspire my Art Class? I have also written other books on oil painting. Read more about this blog.