Silo walls

A horizontal load shall be applied to the silo walls. The load is equivalent to the mass of the particulate material multiplied by the value of the earthquake acceleration. The horizontal distribution of the pressure due to seismic actions for circular and rectangular silos is shown in Figure C3. The horizontal pressure is constant over the height of the silo except near the top of the silo where the resultant of the seismic pressure and the filling or discharge pressure shall not be less than zero.