Micro-organisms Melany, Diana y Natalia

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Transcript of Micro-organisms Melany, Diana y Natalia

What are micro-organisms?Micro-organisms are very small living things. Micro-organisms Harmful micro-organisms Types of micro-organisms Structure, habitat and food of micro-organisms Helpful micro-organisms Fermentation is a way of preserving food.Milk goes bad quickly, but we can preserve it by making yoghurt and cheese. We use a process called fermentation to make yoghurt and cheese. In this process bacteria change the carbohydrates in the milk into acid. The acid stops other micro-organisms growing in the food. Fermentation Bacteria:A sore throat: You can get a high temperature.Food poisoning: Some bacteria release toxins into food.Tooth decay: Bacteria in your mouth ferment the sugars in your food.

Viruses:Chickenpox: You get a high temperature and itchy spots.A cold: You get a cough, a sore throat and a runny nose.Flu: You get a high temperature and your muscles hurt. You also feel very tired. Micro-organisms with one cell are unicellular. Micro-organisms with several cells are multicellular. Parts of a cell The cell membrane surrounds the cell and gives it shape.The cytoplasm is a thick liquid inside the cell membrane.The nucleus is inside the cytoplasm. It controls the cell.Plant cells also have a cell wall outside the cell membrane. Hygiene rules Animal cell Plant cell We use bacteriaand fungi to makeantibiotics.Antibiotics can cure some illnesses. Algae produce about75% of the oxygen webreathe.They absorb a lot ofcarbon dioxide too. Yeast is a type of fungi.We use yeast to make bread. We have bacteriain our digestive system.They help us to digestour food.They help to producesome vitamins too. Bacteria and fungibreak down deadplants and animals tomake organic material.This is important fornew plants to grow. We use bacteriato make productsfrom milk, likeyoghurt and cheese. You shouldn´ttouch food withdirty hands. You shouldn´tand eat at thesame time. You shouldn´tput food likemeat and fish inthe fridge. You shouldclean and covercuts. You shouldn´tsneeze on foodor other people. You should clean your teethafter meals.