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This international workshop aims at exploring the various modalities of non-voluntary cohabitation implied by the Allied military occupation in defeated Germany after 1945. In everyday life military occupation covered a wide range of interactions from protection to violence between mostly male occupiers, considered the winners, and holders of many privileges, against the occupied of both sexes, defeated and in a situation of legal, economic, as well as moral inferiority. The relationships between occupiers and the occupied ranged from enmity to intimacy and affected gender roles in several ways. Gender relationships were thus at the very heart of ongoing explicit and implicit renegotiation of these power struggles.