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A strategic site on the upper Durius in Spain. It played a pivotal role in the Celtiberian resistance to Rome, repelling attacks by successive commanders, starting with Porcius Cato (195). The capitulation of Hostilius Mancinus (137) crowned a series of Roman failures and defeats. Finally, after an eight‐month blockade, Numantia's 4,000 inhabitants capitulated to the overwhelming forces of Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus in 133, a date which marks the end of concerted resistance to Rome in Iberia. Marius, Jugurtha, and Rutilius Rufus witnessed Numantia's destruction.