What has this got to do with computers? What do computers do?
- store data. books do that, too.
- transform data. transforms data into patterns of light on your screen.
- store audio, image, numbers, text. you want one way to store all different kinds of data. Computers use numbers. Numbers can model anything.

core units can store a 1 or a 0. Memory cell.

8 bits in a byte. Bits have 8 digits per number

The Enchantress of Numbers. Ada Lovelace. Babbage called her the Enchantress of Numbers.

Why did we pick binary instead of another system?
Some people did choose decimal for early computers. in the 1800s, Babbage built a mechanical computer. He had two machines. Differential engine (calculator) and the analytical engine. Never completed, but fully designed. He tried to use decimal

The first computer eniac (?) did not use binary. Its programmers were all women. 8 of them.

Memory cells
each has either a one or a zero.
The circuit was invented long ago. High signal or low signal. Very simple.

Enniac represented decimal using binary memory cells
0001000000=3
This is a waste. You can only represent 0-9
If you use binary, you can store 0-255 with the same 10 cells.

Hardware dictated the choice, then, really.

Binary is also used in the Morse code system.

If you want to know the roots of technology, start with the telegraph.

Switches
switches are on or off.

Electromechanical switches send an electrical signal and it does the swithing automatically. It has an electromanet inside. The electromagnet flips the switch.

diagrams for switches for AND, NOT, OR

I never thought of these as switches before.It's obvious, but never seen it before.switches can do logic, add, store information.Eniac contained 17,468 vacuum tubes. Another kind of switch.Core i7 has 781 million transistorsComputers turn crystals into electromagnetic switches.Switches are amazing. A neuron is also just a switch.

How to design
Analyze everything
- What is the problem--example of social services project. People thought the problem was access to services, but really it was elsewhere (reputation of bad services, not knowing the services exist at all)
- Who are the users
- What is the product's context--do fieldwork. Observe people. Design anthropology.

Explore details. What do people DO? How? Why? What work arounds do people create in the real world?

Empathize
observe, listen, ask, immerse, understand

Process:
empathize, understand-->define. What is the problem?-->ideate-->prototype-->test

But you will define your own process.

Define:
Who is your user? Create a persona
What is the need?
Insight--something extra about the person

Perspective:
example" An easy going waman needs to feel at home wherever she is traveling. This includes the user personality, the need, the insight.

Ideate:
Ask how
Ask more questions
Brainstorm
Don't go for the safe bet.

Prototype:
paper product, video
story
handcrafted is better in first steps.
Get feedback, prototype fast and sloppy
Don't prototype everything at once. You can do it in pieces.
Test it with real people.

Test:
Just listen, don't influence people
Unpack the feedback. Go back to the process.

Destroyed during war, not many natural resources, makes a lot of culture and tech

Starcraft is the national sport of Korea. Game addiction is a big problem.
There is wifi everywhere. 100% of the population have internet and mobile phones. 50% have smart phones. Plan to have paper-free schools by 2015.

1. It's about collaboration.

Subway card--you can have your subway card in Hello Kitty shape, anything you want. You can also use your subway card in the cab. You can also use it at the convenience store.
All three phone carriers collaborate on NFC. 3 carriers and 9 credit card companies. 100 shops are ablet ot take NFC payment now. Pay with your phone thanks to this collaboration.

2. Understand social changes and solve problems with technology

Kakao talk--like WHat's app. Everyone uses it.

Couples culture in Korea is different. Not having a boyfriend is weird. Not married before 30 means you will never be married. If you are together, you are REALLY together.You have to be in constant communication with your significant other.

1 billion Kakao talk every day
Also have to buy each other gifts all the time, so Kakao talk sells gifts.

March 14 is black Valentines where single people get pity gifts

3. Know your opportunities

Commuting.

Long commutes are normal. Every subway platform has a digital screen for finding places. You can make a free call to anyone, play games, etc. They look beautiful and are not vandalized.
There are phone chargers on the bus.

janchipchase.com/themes/future-perfect is an interesting
blog
twitter.com/elinaram

10:15 AM
This is the first female-focused tech event I have ever been to. It feels like I've fallen into a parallel universe. On one hand, I am a little bit giddy to see all these cool-looking women. I could use a few more great women in my life and this looks like a good place to meet some. On the other hand, it does feel a little weird to be all women.
It's not the same kind of weird as when you go to a networking event and it's all men. It's a nicer, happier, more comfortable kind of weird. It's a weird I like.
I've read in a few articles that one of the problems women have is that, unlike other minorities in tech, they are often reluctant to network around their minority-ness.
Girl Geek Meetup started four years ago in Sweden. It's nice to see this networking reluctance breaking down. Go young people!