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Transport for Social Responsibility TRB 2006 session 675 Approaches and Tools to Integrate Gender and Social Concerns into Policies, Programs and Projects Studies and Sustainable Livelihoods Analysis Pilot Activities Transport and Gender thematic group Checklists for project cycle stages Knowledge Sharing through webpage Studies on rural womens travel needs Studies of urban womens travel Knowledge sharing through Transport and Social Responsibility thematic group Guidelines for social analysis in the transport sector (draft)

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Transport for Social Responsibility TRB 2006 session 675 Some Specifics: The Ethiopian Experience Ethiopia RSDP and ERTTP, VLTTS finds that 73% of trips, 61% of the travel time for household needs: fuel, water (excluding waiting time at the source) and food collection. Women spent app 4 hours/day, 1,440 hours/year moving and carrying household goods. Few or no conventional two or four-wheeled motor vehicles Carts and bicycles were rare.

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Transport for Social Responsibility TRB 2006 session 675 Some Specifics: The Ethiopian Experience Consultation with women and children Sensitize policymakers Social training of ERA engineers Environmental Monitoring and Safety Branch (EMSB) in ERA to address HIV/AIDS, Social Issues Retrofitting transport contracts with social clauses Training of contractors and consultants Peer education program

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Transport for Social Responsibility TRB 2006 session 675 Gender, Transport and the Millennium Development Goals Source: Recreated from Transport Targets and Indicators related to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) MDGTransport and Gender Dimension MDG 2 Universal Primary Education By 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete fully primary schooling Girls help mothers transport water, fuel and food. No time for school or study. Girls face more gender related problems such as abduction and rape. Lack of transport for teachers and education officials affects both genders, through teacher absenteeism, poor quality education support and monitoring. MDG 3 Gender Equality Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education by 2005, and all levels no later than 2015. Girls help in household duties. No time for school or study or to acquire means to empower themselves. Lack of public transport inhibits opportunity for girls in particular, to attend secondary school.

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Transport for Social Responsibility TRB 2006 session 675 Gender, Transport and the Millennium Development Goals Source: Recreated from Transport Targets and Indicators related to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) MDG 4 Child Health Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate. Lack of emergency transport for sick children. Lack of transport for health equipment and medicines at the health post = poor quality health service. Constraints on access of health post users due to distance, cost, difficult travel in terrain, weather, rough path. MDG 5 Maternal Mortality Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio. High death rate for mothers and preventable injuries partially due to delay of decision to transport and lack of transport in cases of emergency especially at childbirth.

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Transport for Social Responsibility TRB 2006 session 675 Gender, Transport and the Millennium Development Goals Source: Recreated from Transport Targets and Indicators related to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) MDG 6 HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases To halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other major diseases Transport sector workers, eg long-distance drivers, seafarers (mostly men)are seen to spread HIV/AIDS along road corridors and ports. Female sex workers, roadside community women with little control over reproductive health are most affected, not only by the virus but also through the extra burden of care for HIV/AIDS patients and orphans.

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Transport for Social Responsibility TRB 2006 session 675 Summary Mainstream gender issues in transport Determine National and Sectoral framework of gender policies Identify transport constraints on meeting gender needs Transport-specific gender analysis requires social development skills Integrate gendered impact measures into monitoring processes Gender imbalance in transport employment is likely to persist in most countries and fosters gender bias Share good practice for replication and scale up Community of practice as active source of transport and gender experience in development

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Transport for Social Responsibility TRB 2006 session 675 Conclusions + Recommendations Learning and Sharing Good practice for replication and scale up: –sources of experience in addressing gender issues at project, institutional and policy levels are referenced in paper. Community of practice as active source of good transport and gender practice in development : –Transport for Social Responsibility thematic group coordinates from World Bank. –SSATP has strengthened implementation for gender in transport –Outreach by the TRB Committee on Womens Issues in Transportation –complement existing networks such as GATNET –Global Transport Knowledge Partnership may extend CoP