In this research the distribution of balsa populations in Ecuador was determined, also the
viability of the use of balsa particles in the composition of culture media in vitro for the
germination of seeds of Sobralia rosea and Epidendrum schistochilum, in addition to the
external culture of seedlings of Epidendrum jamiesonis and Epidendrum schistochilum.
Initially, chemical analyzes were performed determining the concentration of ash,
insoluble lignin, holocellulose, α-Cellulose and hemicellulose, the moisture retention
capacity was also evaluated. Whit regard to the in vitro culture, 13 treatments were
tested combining different volumes of MS, addition of activated carbon and balsa
particles (850μm and 710μm). In addition, it was tested with 1,18 to 5mm particles to
make external culture substrates, comparing the results with coconut fiber and
Sphagnum substrates. The feasibility of using 710 μm balsa particles with 9 mL MS and
activated carbon was demonstrated, with the germination 87,54% and 87,15%. In the
external culture, based on longitudinal stem growth were obtained with balsa particles of
1.18 to 5 mm.
In conclusion, balsa can be a good substitute for gelling agents for in vitro culture media,
and as a base for external orchid growing substrates because their resistance to
decomposition, ability to retain water and good support.