DUNE-Grid How To

DUNE-Grid How To

http://www.dune-project.org/dune.html
DUNE, the Distributed and Unified Numerics Environment is a modular toolbox for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) with grid-based methods. It supports the easy implementation of methods like Finite Elements (FE), Finite Volumes (FV), and also Finite Differences (FD). DUNE is free software licensed under the GPL (version 2) with a so called "runtime exception" (see license). This licence is similar to the one under which the libstdc++ libraries are distributed. Thus it is possible to use DUNE even in proprietary software. The underlying idea of DUNE is to create slim interfaces allowing an efficient use of legacy and/or new libraries. Modern C++ programming techniques enable very different implementations of the same concept (i.e. grids, solvers, ...) using a common interface at a very low overhead. Thus DUNE ensures efficiency in scientific computations and supports high-performance computing applications. DUNE is based on the following main principles:

Separation of data structures and algorithms by abstract interfaces.- This provides more functionality with less code and also ensures maintainability and extendability of the framework.

Efficient implementation of these interfaces using generic programming techniques.

Static polymorphism allows the compiler to do more optimizations, in particular function inlining, which in turn allows the interface to have very small functions (implemented by one or few machine instructions) without a severe performance penalty. In essence the algorithms are parametrized with a particular data structure and the interface is removed at compile time. Thus the resulting code is as efficient as if it would have been written for the special case.

Reuse of existing finite element packages with a large body of functionality.- In particular the finite element codes UG, ALBERTA, and ALUGrid have been adapted to the DUNE framework. Thus, parallel and adaptive meshes with multiple element types and refinement rules are available. All these packages can be linked together in one executable.

The framework consists of a number of modules which are downloadable as separate packages. The current core modules are:

dune-common- contains the basic classes used by all DUNE-modules. It provides some infrastructural classes for debugging and exception handling as well as a library to handle dense matrices and vectors.

dune-grid- is the most mature module. It defines nonconforming, hierarchically nested, multi-element-type, parallel grids in arbitrary space dimensions. Graphical output with several packages is available, e.g. file output to IBM data explorer and VTK (parallel XML format for unstructured grids). The graphics package Grape has been integrated in interactive mode.

dune-istl (Iterative Solver Template Library)- provides generic sparse matrix/vector classes and a variety of solvers based on these classes. A special feature is the use of templates to exploit the recursive block structure of finite element matrices at compile time. Available solvers include Krylov methods, (block-) incomplete decompositions and aggregation-based algebraic multigrid.

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