Revision Session The Cold War.

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2 Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75Paper One – 2 HoursThe Big PicturePart One – 50 minsSection B – The Cold WarWho was to blame for the Cold War?Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis?Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?Part Two 70 minsDepth Study – Causes and Events of the 1st World WarWhy was there increasing tension between the Great Powers, 1890–1914?Why did the First World War break out in 1914?What happened on the Western Front?How important were the other fronts?

3 Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75Paper One – Part OneThe Big Picture50 minsSection B – The Cold WarWho was to blame for the Cold War?Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis?Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?How did the USA react to the Cuban Revolution?Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam?Why did Khrushchev put missiles into Cuba?How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948?What were the different ways that the USA and the Communists fought the war?Why did Kennedy react as he did?How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?Whose tactics were the most effective – the USA’s or the Communists’?Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam?

4 The Cold WarWhy did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948?How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?

5 Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?Think of 3 reasons why these 2 countries were suspicious of each other in 19451.2.3.

6 You are going to focus on this question: Think of 3 reasons why these 2 countries were suspicious of each other at this time.Communism v CapitalismRivalry of SuperpowersThey were only allies to defeat Hitler; once that was done, they had no reason to work togetherYou are going to focus on this question:Explain why the USA was hostile to the USSR in the years (8 marks)You now have started to answer the question

7 Explain why the USA was hostile to the USSR in the years 1945-49 (8 marks)2 Conferences were held to plan what would happen to Europe after the war ended.One was at Yalta and the second was at PotsdamThese conferences might give you the reasons why the USA was hostile to the USSR

8 Explain why the USA was hostile to the USSR in the years 1945-49 (8 marks)YaltaPotsdamGermanyLeadersEastern EuropePut the statements in the right boxesGermany to be divided into 4 zones; USSR wanted compensationfrom Germany; President Truman; Eastern Europe to be seen as under Soviet influence; President Roosevelt; USSR to move its border into Poland; USA adopted a “get tough” attitude; Roosevelt seemed pro-Russian

9 Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?YaltaPotsdamGermanyGermany to be divided into 4 zonesUSSR wanted compensationfrom GermanyLeadersPresident RooseveltRoosevelt seemed pro-RussianPresident TrumanUSA adopted a “get tough” attitudeEastern EuropeEastern Europe to be seen as under Soviet influenceUSSR to move its border into PolandAtomic bombAtomic Bomb set off before Potsdam and presence of Soviet armies in Eastern Europe.Can you remember 2 things that had happened that worried USA / USSR ? Does this help to answer the question ?

10 Now decide the order you should put these reasons in.Explain why the USA was hostile to the USSR in the years (8 marks)How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948?Can you think of 3 examples for your answer ?Now decide the order you should put these reasons in.Stalin used Cominform to co-ordinate the Communist parties of Eastern Europe; he used his secret police to stifle opposition; communists won elections after the war but then banned other parties (eg Czechoslovakia); they imprisoned other politicians such as in Hungary.

11 Truman Doctrine (1947) was …?Explain why the USA was hostile to the USSR in the years (8 marks)How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?Truman Doctrine (1947) was …?Marshall Plan (1947) was …?Berlin Blockade (1948-9) was …?Complete the sentence for each one; do these help you to answer the question ?

13 Explain why the USA was hostile to the USSR in the years 1945-49 (8 marks)Give 3 reasons the USA could be blamed for this hostility1.2.3.Give 3 reasons the USSR could be blamed for this hostility1.2.3.

14 So now think about what events you would include in this answer.Explain why the USA was hostile to the USSR in the years (8 marks)So now think about what events you would include in this answer.Any others ?CommunismDisagreements at Yalta / PotsdamSoviet expansion into EuropeBerlin blockade

15 Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis?How did the USA react to the Cuban Revolution?Why did Khrushchev put missiles into Cuba?Why did Kennedy react as he did?Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis?Historians argue that this crisis brought the world closer to nuclear war than at any time since 1945.What is meant by the Cuban Revolution ?Why was the USA worried ?Give 3 things the USA did

16 Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis ?The Revolution referred to CastroThe USA were worried about the spread of communism3 ThingsUsed the CIA to plan the overthrow of CastroSupported Cuban exilesRefused to co-operate with Cuban businesses

17 Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis ?This source refers to the Bay of Pigs; can you explain it ?

18 Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis ?Why did Khrushchev put missiles into Cuba?Prioritise these reasons.Khrushchev offered Castro missiles as a defence against a US attackKhrushchev believed Kennedy was inexperienced and could be bulliedThe missile gapKhrushchev wanted to strengthen his own position in the USSR

19 Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis ?Why did Kennedy react as he did?Name 3 possible choices that Kennedy had.1.2.3.Which one does he choose and why ?Was he right to choose that option?

20 Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis ?What is the message of the cartoon ?

21 Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam?What were the different ways that the USA and the Communists fought the war?Whose tactics were the most effective – the USA’s or the Communists’?Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam?

22 Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam?Use the following to construct a sentence which explains why the USA got involvedWhich one would you put first ?Can you explain them all?Ho Chi MinhContainmentDomino TheoryMilitary enthusiasm

23 What were the different ways that the USA and the Communists fought the war?Fill in a diagram to show how the Americans foughtDo the same for the VietCongTacticsUSA

24 Whose tactics were the most effective – the USA’s or the Communists’?What is the message of this source ?How does it help to explain the problems that the USA faced ?Can you name 2 other problems ?

25 Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam?What is the message of this source ?Give 3 examples of Anti-War protests back in the USA.What was the Tet Offensive ? (4 marks)

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