Zusammenfassung: This paper presents an extension to the Aircraft Preliminary Sizing Tool PreSTo which has been developed at the HAW Hamburg. The extension is called "PreSTo-Vis"; it bridges the gap between the mathematical sizing process and three-dimensional (3D) geometrical aircraft design. The core of this add-on to PreSTo is a universal aircraft surface model which was created using an advanced parametric associative design method in the 3D computer-aided design (CAD) system CATIA V5. A Microsoft Excel-based Visual Basic project automatically reads the output spreadsheets of the preliminary sizing process, processes these data and
reconfigures the 3D CAD model to visualize the concept geometry of the new aircraft. Thus the design engineer has the chance to gain a three-dimensional impression of the calculated aircraft dimensions, and he obtains a parametric surface model in a native CAD format suitable for further geometric refinement and analysis.

Buchbeiträge:

Kolja Seeckt, Philip Krammer, Malte Schwarze und Dieter Scholz

Mitigating the Climate Impact of Aviation – What does Hydrogen Hold in Prospect?

Walter Leal Filho (Hrsg.)
The Economic, Social and Political Elements of Climate Change

Zusammenfassung: This article discusses the impacts of aviation on global climate change, and shows attempts by the aviation industry to mitigate those impacts by means of alternative fuels. Special respect in this paper is given to the use of hydrogen as aviation fuel. Examples of practical and theoretical research projects on the application of hydrogen are presented and the current outlook towards an introduction of hydrogen into practice is presented. From a technological point of view, hydrogen as an aircraft fuel is feasible. However, in the current attempts by the aviation industry to improve environmental friendliness, hydrogen is not included as a measure within the foreseeable timeframe due to large financial and technical efforts.

Zusammenfassung: This thesis presents the conceptual design and comparison of five versions of regional freighter aircraft based on the ATR 72. The versions comprise four baseline designs differing in their propulsion systems (jet/turboprop) and the fuel they use (kerosene/hydrogen). The fifth version is an improved further development of the hydrogen-fueled turboprop aircraft. For aircraft modeling the aircraft design software PrADO is applied. The criteria for the overall assessment of the individual aircraft versions are energy use, climate impact in terms of global warming potential (GWP) and direct operating costs (DOC). The results indicate that, from an aircraft design perspective, hydrogen is feasible as fuel for regional freighter aircraft and environmentally promising: The hydrogen versions consume less energy to perform a reference mission of 926 km (500 NM) with a payload of 8.1 t of cargo. The climate impact caused by the emissions of hydrogen-fueled regional freighter aircraft is less than 1 % of that of kerosene-fueled aircraft. Given the circumstance that sustainably produced hydrogen can be purchased at a price that is equivalent to kerosene with respect to energy content, hydrogen-fueled regional freighter aircraft are also economically competitive to current kerosene-fueled freighters. In consequence, regional freighters appear especially favorable as first demonstrators of hydrogen as aviation fuel, and cargo airlines and logistics companies may act as technology drivers for more sustainable air traffic. The potential of regional freighter aircraft alone to mitigate climate change is marginal. The share of national and regional air cargo traffic in global manmade climate impact lies in the region of 0.016 % to 0.064 %, which also represents the maximum reduction potential. The presented work was to a large extend performed during the joint research project "The Green Freighter" under the lead of Hamburg University of Applied Sciences (HAW Hamburg).