Thule

(2 syl.). Called by Drayton Thuly. Pliny, Solinus, and
Mela take it for Iceland. Pliny says, “It is an island in the Northern
Ocean discovered by Pytheas, after sailing six days from the Orcades.” Others, like Camden, consider it to be Shetland, still called
Thylens-el (isle of Thyle) by seamen, in which opinion they agree with
Marinus, and the descriptions of Ptolemy and Tacitus. Bochart says it
is a Syrian word, and that the Phoenician merchants who traded to the
group called it Gezirat Thule (isles of darkness). Its certain
etymology is unknown; it may possibly be the Gothic Tiule, meaning the “most remote land,” and connected with the Greek telos (the end).

Where the Northern Ocean, in vast whirls,
Boils round the naked melancholy isles
Of farthest Thule.

Thomson: Autumn.

Ultima Thule. The end of the world; the last extremity. Thule was the
most northern point known to the ancient Romans.

Thumb When a gladiator was vanquished it rested with the spectators
to decide whether he should be slain or not. If they wished him to
live, they shut up their thumbs in their fists (police
compresso favor judicabatur); if to be slain, they turned out their thumbs. Adam, in his Roman Antiquities (p. 287), says, “If
they wished him to be saved, they pressed down their thumbs; if
to be slain, they turned up [held out] their thumbs.” (Pliny,
xxviii. 2; Juvenal, iii. 36; Horace: 1 Epist., xviii. 66.)

It is not correct to say, if they wished the man to live they held
their thumbs downwards; if to be slain, they held their thumbs
upwards. “Police compressio” means to hold their thumbs close.

By the pricking of my thumbs, something wicked this way comes.
Another proverb says, “My little finger told me that.” When your ears turn hot and red, it is to indicate that someone is speaking
about you. When a sudden fit of “shivering” occurs, it is
because someone is treading on the place which is to form your grave.
When the eye itches, it indicates the visit of a friend. When
the palm itches, it shows that a present will shortly be
received. When the bones ache, it prognosticates a coming storm.
Plautus says, “Timeo quod rerum gesserim hic ita dorsus totils
prurit.” (Miles Gloriosus.) All these and many similar
superstitions rest on the notion that “coming events cast their shadows
before,” because our “angel,” ever watchful, forewarns us that we may
be prepared. Sudden pains and prickings are the warnings of evil on the
road; sudden glows and pleasurable sensations are the couriers to tell
us of joy close at hand. These superstitions are relics of demonology
and witchcraft.

In ancient Rome the angurs took special notice of the palpitation of
the heart, the flickering of the eye and the pricking of the thumb. In
regard to the last, if the pricking was on the left hand it was
considered a very bad sign, indicating mischief at hand.

Do you bite your thumb at me?

Do you mean to insult me? The way of expressing defiance and
contempt was by snapping the finger or putting the thumb in the mouth.
Both these acts are termed a fico, whence our expressions “Not
worth a fig,” “I don't care a fig for you.” Decker, describing St.
Paul's Walk, speaks of the biting of thumbs to beget quarrels. (See Glove.)

“I see Contempt marching forth, giving mee the fico with his thombe
in his mouth.” —Wits Miserie (1596).

“I will bite my thump at them; which is a disgrace to them, if they
bear it.” —Shakespeare: Romeo and Juliet, i. 1.

Every honest miller has a thumb of gold.

Even an honest miller grows rich with what he prigs. Thus Chaucer
says of his miller -

Wel cowde he stele and tollen thries,
And yet he had a thomb of gold parde [was what is called an `honest miller'].

Canterbury Tales (Prologue, 565)

Rule of thumb.

Rough measure Ladies often measure yard lengths by their thumb.
Indeed the expression “sixteen nails make a yard” seems to point to the
thumb-nail as a standard. Countrymen always measure by their thumb.

Tom Thumb.

(See Tom.) Under one's thumb. Under the influence or power of the
person named.