America As a World Power Chapter 10 Section 4. Quick Write  Write how you would resolve a conflict between two friends. Then write how the US would try.

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Presentation on theme: "America As a World Power Chapter 10 Section 4. Quick Write  Write how you would resolve a conflict between two friends. Then write how the US would try."— Presentation transcript:

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America As a World Power Chapter 10 Section 4

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Quick Write  Write how you would resolve a conflict between two friends. Then write how the US would try to resolve a conflict between two countries.  Share with a partner when you are done.

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Standards  Discuss America’s role in the Panama Revolution and the building of the Panama Canal.  Explain Theodore Roosevelt’s Big Stick diplomacy

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Teddy Roosevelt  Against Europeans interfering in American affairs  Did not want Europe to control the worlds political and economic destiny  Why do you think Roosevelt was so popular?

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Roosevelt the Peace Maker  War between Russia and Japan broke out in 1904  Japan was winning war but also running out of supplies and men  Japan secretly approached Roosevelt and asked to negotiate peace  In 1905 both countries met in Portsmouth, New Hampshire

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Roosevelt the Peace Maker  Roosevelt’s charm helped to make things more relaxed  Roosevelt successfully negotiated a peace treaty  Won him the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize  Helped to set role for US in East Asia  Japan agreed to respect US interests in Asia and Pacific

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Treaty of Portsmouth: 1905

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Panama Canal Roosevelt in Panama

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Panama Canal  Many American felt that the US needed a canal to cut across South America  Would greatly reduce travel time  Hay-Pauncefote Treaty of 1901, Britain gave rights to US to build canal through Central America

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Panama Canal  French sent Philippe Banau-Varilla to Washington to try to sell the French route to US  US bought for 40 million in 1903  Had to get permission from Colombia before starting  Banau-Varilla helped organize a rebellion against Colombia when they failed to agree

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Panama Canal  November 3, 1903 nearly a dozen US warships were present as Panama declared independence  15 days later Panama and US sign a treaty to build canal  $250,000 annual rent, $10 million upfront  Payments start in 1913

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Constructing the Canal  One of the world’s greatest engineering accomplishments  Builders fought disease such as yellow fever and malaria  Work began in 1904  By 1913 more then 43,000 worker, some came from Europe however most were black  More then 5,600 workers died

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Constructing the Canal  Total cost to United States was about $380 million  August 15, 1914 canal opened for business, more than 1,000 merchant ships passed through during first year  US-Latin America relations damaged  1921 Congress pays Colombia $25 million for lost territory

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The Roosevelt Corollary  Financial factors drew US into Latin America  Roosevelt feared Europe may interfere since many had borrowed from Europe  Roosevelt wanted US to be dominant power in Latin America  Reminded European powers of Monroe Doctrine which was issued in 1823  “Speak Softly Carry a Big Stick” was Roosevelt’s way of handling things

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Monroe Doctrine

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The Roosevelt Corollary  Warned that the disorder in Latin America might force the US to exercise international police power  In other words it said that the US would now use force to protect economic interests in Latin America

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Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick

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Dollar Diplomacy  1911 rebellion almost bankrupted Nicaragua  President Taft arranged for American bankers to loan Nicaragua enough money to pay its debts  In return Nicaragua customs duties were collected  Gained control of railroad and national bank  Citizens revolted against this in Nicaragua

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Dollar Diplomacy  US sent 2,000 marines to Nicaragua to keep Diaz in charge  Some marines stayed till 1933  Dollar diplomacy was using the US government to guarantee loans made to foreign countries by American bankers  Was often justified by saying it kept European powers out of Latin America and Caribbean

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Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy

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Wilson’s Missionary Diplomacy  US had moral responsibility to deny recognition of any Latin American government that was oppressive, undemocratic or hostile to US interests according to the United States  Mexican revolution would test Wilson’s Policy

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Mexican Revolution  Mexico ruled by dictator for 3 decades named Porfirio Diaz  He was a friend of the US because he encouraged investors to invest in his country  1911 Mexican peasants and workers led by Francisco Madero overthrew Diaz  Madero promised reform but was unable to satisfy

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Mexican Revolution  Two years later General Victorian Huerta took over government  Madero was murdered within days  Wilson refused to recognize government calling it “a government of butchers”

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Intervention in Mexico  US waited for opportunity  April 1914 Huerta’s officer arrested a small group of American sailors  Mexico released and apologized but it was too late  Wilson used as an excuse to intervene and sent marines to occupy Veracruz a important port city  18 marines and at least 200 Mexicans died

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Intervention in Mexico  Argentina, Brazil and Chile stepped in to mediate conflict  Neither side agreed to terms drew up  Huerta regime soon collapsed  Venustiano Carranza became president and Wilson withdrew troops and recognized new government

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Rebellion Again  Rebels led by Francisco “Panch” Villa and Emiliano Zapata oppose Carraza’s government  Villa tried to get US to side  January 1916 Villa’s men took Americans off a train and shot them  Two months later raided Columbus, New Mexico and killed 17 Americans

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Chasing Villa  General John J. Pershing and 15,000 soldiers sent to capture Villa  A year later Wilson called on 150,000 National Guardsmen  Border conflicts occurred between Mexico and US deaths on both sides made war look inevitable  Fear of war in Europe caused US troops to withdraw in 1917