BerkeleyDB
Version 0.15
5th April 2001
Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Paul Marquess. All rights reserved. This
program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the same terms as Perl itself.
DESCRIPTION
-----------
BerkeleyDB is a module which allows Perl programs to make use of the
facilities provided by Berkeley DB version 2 or 3. (Note: if you want
to use version 1 of Berkeley DB with Perl you need the DB_File module).
Berkeley DB is a C library which provides a consistent interface to a
number of database formats. BerkeleyDB provides an interface to all
four of the database types (hash, btree, queue and recno) currently
supported by Berkeley DB.
For further details see the documentation in the file BerkeleyDB.pod.
PREREQUISITES
-------------
Before you can build BerkeleyDB you need to have the following
installed on your system:
* Perl 5.004_04 or greater.
* Berkeley DB Version 2.6.4 or greater
The official web site for Berkeley DB is http://www.sleepycat.com
The latest version of Berkeley DB is always available there. It
is recommended that you use the most recent version available at
the Sleepycat site.
The one exception to this advice is where you want to use BerkeleyDB
to access database files created by a third-party application,
like Sendmail. In these cases you must build BerkeleyDB with a
compatible version of Berkeley DB.
BUILDING THE MODULE
-------------------
Assuming you have met all the prerequisites, building the module should
be relatively straightforward.
Step 1 : If you are running Solaris 2.5, 2.7 or HP-UX 10 read either
the Solaris Notes or HP-UX Notes sections below.
If you are running Linux please read the Linux Notes section
before proceeding.
Step 2 : Edit the file config.in to suit you local installation.
Instructions are given in the file.
Step 3 : Build and test the module using this sequence of commands:
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
INSTALLATION
------------
make install
TROUBLESHOOTING
===============
Here are some of the problems that people encounter when building BerkeleyDB.
Missing db.h or libdb.a
-----------------------
If you get an error like this:
cc -c -I./libraries/ -Dbool=char -DHAS_BOOL -I/usr/local/include -O2
-DVERSION=\"0.07\" -DXS_VERSION=\"0.07\" -fpic
-I/usr/local/lib/perl5/5.00503/i586-linux/CORE BerkeleyDB.c
BerkeleyDB.xs:52: db.h: No such file or directory
or this:
cc -c -I./libraries/2.7.5 -Dbool=char -DHAS_BOOL -I/usr/local/include -O2
-DVERSION=\"0.07\" -DXS_VERSION=\"0.07\" -fpic
-I/usr/local/lib/perl5/5.00503/i586-linux/CORE BerkeleyDB.c
LD_RUN_PATH="/lib" cc -o blib/arch/auto/BerkeleyDB/BerkeleyDB.so -shared
-L/usr/local/lib BerkeleyDB.o
-L/home/paul/perl/ext/BerkDB/BerkeleyDB/libraries -ldb
ld: cannot open -ldb: No such file or directory
This symptom can imply:
1. You don't have Berkeley DB installed on your system at all.
Solution: get & install Berkeley DB.
2. You do have Berkeley DB installed, but it isn't in a standard place.
Solution: Edit config.in and set the LIB and INCLUDE variables to point
to the directories where libdb.a and db.h are installed.
Wrong db.h
----------
If you get an error like this when building this module:
cc -c -I./libraries/ -Dbool=char -DHAS_BOOL -I/usr/local/include -O2
-DVERSION=\"0.07\" -DXS_VERSION=\"0.07\" -fpic
-I/usr/local/lib/perl5/5.00503/i586-linux/CORE BerkeleyDB.c
BerkeleyDB.xs:93: parse error before `DB_INFO'
BerkeleyDB.xs:93: warning: no semicolon at end of struct or union
BerkeleyDB.xs:94: warning: data definition has no type or storage class
BerkeleyDB.xs:95: parse error before `0x80000000'
BerkeleyDB.xs:110: parse error before `}'
BerkeleyDB.xs:110: warning: data definition has no type or storage class
BerkeleyDB.xs:117: parse error before `DB_ENV'
...
This error usually happens when if you only have Berkeley DB version 1
on your system or you have both version 1 and version 2 (or 3) of Berkeley
DB installed on your system. When building BerkeleyDB it attempts
to use the db.h for Berkeley DB version 1. This perl module can only
be built with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3.
This symptom can imply:
1. You don't have Berkeley DB version 2 or 3 installed on your system
at all.
Solution: get & install Berkeley DB.
2. You do have Berkeley DB 2 or 3 installed, but it isn't in a standard
place.
Solution: Edit config.in and set the LIB and INCLUDE variables
to point to the directories where libdb.a and db.h are
installed.
Undefined Symbol: txn_stat
--------------------------
BerkeleyDB seems to have built correctly, but you get an error like this
when you run the test harness:
$ make test
PERL_DL_NONLAZY=1 /home/paul/perl/install/bin/perl5.00503
-Iblib/arch -Iblib/lib -I/usr/local/lib/perl5/5.00503/i586-linux
-I/usr/local/lib/perl5/5.00503 -e 'use Test::Harness qw(&runtests $verbose);
$verbose=0; runtests @ARGV;' t/*.t
t/btree.............Can't load 'blib/arch/auto/BerkeleyDB/BerkeleyDB.so' for
module BerkeleyDB: blib/arch/auto/BerkeleyDB/BerkeleyDB.so:
undefined symbol: txn_stat
at /usr/local/lib/perl5/5.00503/i586-linux/DynaLoader.pm line 169.
...
This error usually happens when you have both version 1 and version
2 (or 3) of Berkeley DB installed on your system and BerkeleyDB attempts
to build using the db.h for Berkeley DB version 2/3 and the version 1
library. Unfortunately the two versions aren't compatible with each
other. BerkeleyDB can only be built with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3.
Solution: Setting the LIB & INCLUDE variables in config.in to point to the
correct directories can sometimes be enough to fix this
problem. If that doesn't work the easiest way to fix the
problem is to either delete or temporarily rename the copies
of db.h and libdb.a that you don't want BerkeleyDB to use.
Undefined Symbol: db_appinit
----------------------------
BerkeleyDB seems to have built correctly, but you get an error like this
when you run the test harness:
$ make test
PERL_DL_NONLAZY=1 /home/paul/perl/install/bin/perl5.00561 -Iblib/arch
-Iblib/lib -I/home/paul/perl/install/5.005_61/lib/5.00561/i586-linux
-I/home/paul/perl/install/5.005_61/lib/5.00561 -e 'use Test::Harness
qw(&runtests $verbose); $verbose=0; runtests @ARGV;' t/*.t
t/btree.............Can't load 'blib/arch/auto/BerkeleyDB/BerkeleyDB.so' for
module BerkeleyDB: blib/arch/auto/BerkeleyDB/BerkeleyDB.so:
undefined symbol: db_appinit
at /home/paul/perl/install/5.005_61/lib/5.00561/i586-linux/DynaLoader.pm
...
This error usually happens when you have both version 2 and version
3 of Berkeley DB installed on your system and BerkeleyDB attempts
to build using the db.h for Berkeley DB version 2 and the version 3
library. Unfortunately the two versions aren't compatible with each
other.
Solution: Setting the LIB & INCLUDE variables in config.in to point to the
correct directories can sometimes be enough to fix this
problem. If that doesn't work the easiest way to fix the
problem is to either delete or temporarily rename the copies
of db.h and libdb.a that you don't want BerkeleyDB to use.
Undefined Symbol: db_create
---------------------------
BerkeleyDB seems to have built correctly, but you get an error like this
when you run the test harness:
$ make test
PERL_DL_NONLAZY=1 /home/paul/perl/install/bin/perl5.00561 -Iblib/arch
-Iblib/lib -I/home/paul/perl/install/5.005_61/lib/5.00561/i586-linux
-I/home/paul/perl/install/5.005_61/lib/5.00561 -e 'use Test::Harness
qw(&runtests $verbose); $verbose=0; runtests @ARGV;' t/*.t
t/btree.............Can't load 'blib/arch/auto/BerkeleyDB/BerkeleyDB.so' for
module BerkeleyDB: blib/arch/auto/BerkeleyDB/BerkeleyDB.so:
undefined symbol: db_create
at /home/paul/perl/install/5.005_61/lib/5.00561/i586-linux/DynaLoader.pm
...
This error usually happens when you have both version 2 and version
3 of Berkeley DB installed on your system and BerkeleyDB attempts
to build using the db.h for Berkeley DB version 3 and the version 2
library. Unfortunately the two versions aren't compatible with each
other.
Solution: Setting the LIB & INCLUDE variables in config.in to point to the
correct directories can sometimes be enough to fix this
problem. If that doesn't work the easiest way to fix the
problem is to either delete or temporarily rename the copies
of db.h and libdb.a that you don't want BerkeleyDB to use.
Incompatible versions of db.h and libdb
---------------------------------------
BerkeleyDB seems to have built correctly, but you get an error like this
when you run the test harness:
$ make test
PERL_DL_NONLAZY=1 /home/paul/perl/install/bin/perl5.00503
-Iblib/arch -Iblib/lib -I/usr/local/lib/perl5/5.00503/i586-linux
-I/usr/local/lib/perl5/5.00503 -e 'use Test::Harness qw(&runtests $verbose);
$verbose=0; runtests @ARGV;' t/*.t
t/btree.............
BerkeleyDB needs compatible versions of libdb & db.h
you have db.h version 2.6.4 and libdb version 2.7.5
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at t/btree.t line 25.
dubious
Test returned status 255 (wstat 65280, 0xff00)
...
Another variation on the theme of having two versions of Berkeley DB on
your system.
Solution: Setting the LIB & INCLUDE variables in config.in to point to the
correct directories can sometimes be enough to fix this
problem. If that doesn't work the easiest way to fix the
problem is to either delete or temporarily rename the copies
of db.h and libdb.a that you don't want BerkeleyDB to use.
If you are running Linux, please read the Linux Notes section below.
Linux Notes
-----------
Newer versions of Linux (e.g. RedHat 6, SuSe 6) ship with a C library
that has version 2.x of Berkeley DB linked into it. This makes it
difficult to build this module with anything other than the version of
Berkeley DB that shipped with your Linux release. If you do try to use
a different version of Berkeley DB you will most likely get the error
described in the "Incompatible versions of db.h and libdb" section of
this file.
To make matters worse, prior to Perl 5.6.1, the perl binary itself
*always* included the Berkeley DB library.
If you want to use a newer version of Berkeley DB with this module, the
easiest solution is to use Perl 5.6.1 (or better) and Berkeley DB 3.x
(or better).
There are two approaches you can use to get older versions of Perl to
work with specific versions of Berkeley DB. Both have their advantages
and disadvantages.
The first approach will only work when you want to build a version of
Perl older than 5.6.1 along with Berkeley DB 3.x. If you want to use
Berkeley DB 2.x, you must use the next approach. This approach involves
rebuilding your existing version of Perl after applying an unofficial
patch. The "patches" directory in the this module's source distribution
contains a number of patch files. There is one patch file for every
stable version of Perl since 5.004. Apply the appropriate patch to your
Perl source tree before re-building and installing Perl from scratch.
For example, assuming you are in the top-level source directory for
Perl 5.6.0, the command below will apply the necessary patch. Remember
to replace the path shown below with one that points to this module's
patches directory.
patch -p1 -N