Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/535

sages, svāyambhuvādyāḥ saptāi ’te manavaḥthose seven Manus, Svāyambhuva etc., agniṣṭomādikānthe sacrifices Agnishtoma and so on. Or the qualified noun is omitted, as in annapānendhanādīnifood, drink, fuel, etc., dānadharmādikaṁ caratu bhavānlet your honor practise liberality, religious rites, and the like. The particles evam and iti are also sometimes used by substitution as prior members: thus, evamādi vacanamwords to this and the like effect;ato ‘ham bravīmi kartavyaḥ saṁcayo nityam ityādihence I say "accumulation is ever to be made" etc.

e. Used in much the same way, but less often, is prabhṛtibeginning: thus, viçvāvasuprabhṛtibhir gandharvāiḥwith the Gandharvas Viçvāvasu etc.; especially adverbially, in measurements of space and time, as tatprabhṛti or tataḥprabhṛtithenceforward.

f. Words meaning foregoer, predecessor, and the like — namely, pūrva, pūrvaka, puraḥsara, puraskṛta, purogama — are often employed in a similar manner, and especially adverbially, but for the most part to denote accompaniment, rather than antecedence, of that which is designated by the prior member of the compound: e. g. smitapūrvamwith a smile, anāmayapraçnapūrvakamwith inquiries after health, pitāmahapurogamaaccompanied by the Great Father.

g. The noun mātrāmeasure stands as final of a compound which is used adjectively or in the substantive neuter to signify a limit that is not exceeded, and obtains thus the virtual value of mere, only: thus, jalamātreṇa vartayanliving by water only (lit. by that which has water for its measure or limit), garbhacyutimātreṇaby merely issuing from the womb, prāṇāyātrikamātraḥ syātlet him be one possessing what does not exceed the preservation of life;uktamātre tu vacanebut the words being merely uttered.

h. The noun arthaobject, purpose is used at the end of a compound, in the adverbial accusative neuter, to signify for the take of or the like: thus, yajñasiddhyarthamin order to the accomplishment of the sacrifice (lit. in a manner having the accomplishment of the sacrifice as its object), damayantyarthamfor Damayantī's sake (with Damayantī as object).

1303. In appositional possessive compounds, the second member, if it designates a part of the body, sometimes logically signifies that part to which what is designated by the prior member belongs, that on or in which it is.