Monday, March 1, 2010

The word of 'factory' was not confined to engineers or workers alone. Nor is it always represents a complex system, sophisticated and difficult to understand. Factory is a means to produce human needs. The purpose for the establishment of the factory is able to obtain added value, usually an economic value, of processed raw materials into new products that have a selling price higher. Plant can be classified into two major groups based on the extent to which a chemical reaction involved in the production process, namely manufacturing or assembly plants and factories or chemical synthesis.

Assembly plant does not change the raw materials into products with the chemical reaction as the primary process. Changes in raw materials into products is not a chemical reaction. Automobile assembly plants, factories convection and cigarette factories are some examples of plants included in this group. Chemical plant or factory or synthesis conducted a series of chemical reactions to turn raw materials into products. Several members of this group such as a soap factory, machine tool manufacturers of cosmetics and sugar. The factories that make the formulation of the main work, just mixing chemicals into a single solution or mixture is classified as a chemical factory.

This paper is intended to be a general picture of the general line of thought in designing a chemical plant. However, some values that need to be considered in designing a chemical plant as will be further discussed could also be applied in designing the assembly plant.

This paper is divided into three parts. The first section will provide guidance about what things need to be considered in the selection of technologies and production processes determining the location of the factory followed by a guide to calculate the gross profit and the need for raw materials per unit kilogram of product. Guide choosing and designing tools that will use the plant will be poured on writing the second part. This paper concludes with a guide to planning the layout of the plant and the economic feasibility calculations that take into account all the expenses that would and could, including bank interest payments, in the third section.

Plant Selection And The Construction Technology will be used

Selection factory will be built generally classified into three motivations. Because of market demand, because the availability of abundant raw materials and because the availability of new technologies. It could be the motivation for the construction of a factory is a combination of two types of motivation at the top or even a combination of all three at once.

Construction of the factory because of the increased market demand is a very common motivation and in accordance with economic laws. Things that need further investigation is whether the jump in the market demand will continue to increase stability in the future, or there are special reasons affecting the market, such as political reasons the country unstable, the economic embargo, or the accidents experienced by other producers, prospective competition, which caused the producers to reduce production. Need accurate data and a careful market analysis from people who experienced to ensure a stable increase in market demand. Another thing to note is the production capacity of rival candidates from the factory to be built. It may be that competition is already anticipated in advance and have started increasing production capacity in an attempt to steal the start.

The motivation to build a factory for availability of raw materials is highly expected motivation and supported by the Indonesian government. The fact that the state of Indonesia has natural resources of diverse and abundant no question anymore. The use of raw materials that exist only in Indonesia will increase the competitiveness of the plant. Raw materials from agriculture is promising advantage because there are many types of plants that grow naturally only in Indonesia. It's just this kind of motivation requires creative thinking, understanding of the chemical technologies that are reliable and the people who have strong vision. Another challenge is the technology that will use technology that could be totally new or old technology that needs a lot of modifications. The literature is also limited because developed countries are rarely conducted research for technology development process raw materials that were not in the country. Therefore this kind of motivation requires a series of research and technology assessment before the factory that aspired to be established.

Developed countries now competing to build a factory for availability motivated a new technology. The availability of new technology is not just a technology presents a more efficient process but it can also be a new product. This could increase the country's prestige in the eyes of the world. Construction Compact Disc (CD) for example, is an example of a factory that was built for the availability of a technology and a thorough knowledge of the laser beam capable of and what causes a laser beam on the crystal structure. But still, this kind of motivation needed ideas brilliant and innovative, who believe that the phenomenon of laser light can be used as a means of storing and reading digital data. Not all the new technologies can be developed into a factory with a new product.

In essence, the third motivation could bear fruit into a factory when the motivation is there in this person who understands technology, had a vision tough, daring to compete, take risks and dare to accept the risks and willing to work hard.

The word of 'factory' was not confined to engineers or workers alone. Nor is it always represents a complex system, sophisticated and difficult to understand. Factory is a means to produce human needs. The purpose for the establishment of the factory is able to obtain added value, usually an economic value, of processed raw materials into new products that have a selling price higher. Plant can be classified into two major groups based on the extent to which a chemical reaction involved in the production process, namely manufacturing or assembly plants and factories or chemical synthesis.

Assembly plant does not change the raw materials into products with the chemical reaction as the primary process. Changes in raw materials into products is not a chemical reaction. Automobile assembly plants, factories convection and cigarette factories are some examples of plants included in this group. Chemical plant or factory or synthesis conducted a series of chemical reactions to turn raw materials into products. Several members of this group such as a soap factory, machine tool manufacturers of cosmetics and sugar. The factories that make the formulation of the main work, just mixing chemicals into a single solution or mixture is classified as a chemical factory.

This paper is intended to be a general picture of the general line of thought in designing a chemical plant. However, some values that need to be considered in designing a chemical plant as will be further discussed could also be applied in designing the assembly plant.

This paper is divided into three parts. The first section will provide guidance about what things need to be considered in the selection of technologies and production processes determining the location of the factory followed by a guide to calculate the gross profit and the need for raw materials per unit kilogram of product. Guide choosing and designing tools that will use the plant will be poured on writing the second part. This paper concludes with a guide to planning the layout of the plant and the economic feasibility calculations that take into account all the expenses that would and could, including bank interest payments, in the third section.

Plant Selection And The Construction Technology will be used

Selection factory will be built generally classified into three motivations. Because of market demand, because the availability of abundant raw materials and because the availability of new technologies. It could be the motivation for the construction of a factory is a combination of two types of motivation at the top or even a combination of all three at once.

Construction of the factory because of the increased market demand is a very common motivation and in accordance with economic laws. Things that need further investigation is whether the jump in the market demand will continue to increase stability in the future, or there are special reasons affecting the market, such as political reasons the country unstable, the economic embargo, or the accidents experienced by other producers, prospective competition, which caused the producers to reduce production. Need accurate data and a careful market analysis from people who experienced to ensure a stable increase in market demand. Another thing to note is the production capacity of rival candidates from the factory to be built. It may be that competition is already anticipated in advance and have started increasing production capacity in an attempt to steal the start.

The motivation to build a factory for availability of raw materials is highly expected motivation and supported by the Indonesian government. The fact that the state of Indonesia has natural resources of diverse and abundant no question anymore. The use of raw materials that exist only in Indonesia will increase the competitiveness of the plant. Raw materials from agriculture is promising advantage because there are many types of plants that grow naturally only in Indonesia. It's just this kind of motivation requires creative thinking, understanding of the chemical technologies that are reliable and the people who have strong vision. Another challenge is the technology that will use technology that could be totally new or old technology that needs a lot of modifications. The literature is also limited because developed countries are rarely conducted research for technology development process raw materials that were not in the country. Therefore this kind of motivation requires a series of research and technology assessment before the factory that aspired to be established.

Developed countries now competing to build a factory for availability motivated a new technology. The availability of new technology is not just a technology presents a more efficient process but it can also be a new product. This could increase the country's prestige in the eyes of the world. Construction Compact Disc (CD) for example, is an example of a factory that was built for the availability of a technology and a thorough knowledge of the laser beam capable of and what causes a laser beam on the crystal structure. But still, this kind of motivation needed ideas brilliant and innovative, who believe that the phenomenon of laser light can be used as a means of storing and reading digital data. Not all the new technologies can be developed into a factory with a new product.

In essence, the third motivation could bear fruit into a factory when the motivation is there in this person who understands technology, had a vision tough, daring to compete, take risks and dare to accept the risks and willing to work hard.