Application of 6R Principles in Sustainable Supply Chain Design of Western Australian White Goods

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Abstract

The 6 R's of sustainability are implemented to the life cycle of a washing machine, refrigerator and air-conditioner in a Western Australian scenario. A detailed life cycle assessment of each white good was carried out and new scenarios 1, 2 and 3, increasing the combined reuse and remanufacturing rate to 80%, 50% and 30% were implemented. Scenarios 1, 2 and 3 will save 2487.1, 2057.5 and 1772.2tonnes of material from washing machines and 1594.5, 1044.7 and 739.9tonnes from refrigerators respectively. The mass saved implementing 100% recycle rate to air-conditioners is 450.1tonnes. GHG emissions saved from remanufacturing a washing machine and refrigerator instead of producing a new model are 956.2 and 1636.3 kg CO2-e respectively. The embodied energy saved from remanufacturing and recycling washing machines for scenarios 1, 2 and 3 are 482.7x10^6, 254.0x10^6 and 101.5x10^6 MJ and for refrigerators are 566.3x10^6, 250.8x10^6 and 42.29x10^6 MJ respectively. Although remanufacturing white goods significantly decreases the environmental impacts, selling the refurbished products can be a challenge due to fashionable obsolesce, technology advancement and the stigma of remanufactured goods.

Remanufacturing can importantly reduce the resource intensity and increase the eco-efficiency of product systems by utilising recovered end of life (EOL) parts. A life cycle assessment (LCA) has been carried out to determine ...

The design of refrigeration systems must strictly comply with the rules determined by the increasingly stringent international regulations on the use of refrigerants. Regardless of the restrictions imposed, the compliance ...

Repaired compressors are compared with remanufactured and new compressors in terms of economic and environmental benefits. A detailed life cycle assessment has been carried out for compressors under three manufacturing ...