Note on Wind

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Our earth is surrounded by an atmosphere. If the air in the atmosphere moves, then it is called wind. If air blows fast, then it is called storm. To have equal pressure in all areas is the nature of air. But, air cannot maintain equal pressure in all areas due to the change in temperature. As the sun warms the Earth's surface, the atmosphere warms too. Some parts of the earth receive direct rays from the sun whole year and are always warm. Other places receive indirect rays, so the climate is colder. Warm air weighing less than cold air rises. Then cool air moves in and replaces the rising warm air. This movement of air is what makes the wind blow.

Wind is the moving air and is caused by differences in air pressure within our atmosphere. Wind is able to lift roofs off buildings, blow down power lines and trees, and cause highway accidents as gusts push down cars and trucks. The two factors that are necessary to specify wind are speed and direction. The direction of the wind is expressed as the direction from which the wind is blowing. Winds have different levels of speed, such as 'breeze' and 'gale', depending on how fast they blow. The speeds of wind are based on the descriptions of winds on a scale called the Beaufort scale, which divides wind speeds into 12 different categories, from less than 1 mph to more than 73 mph.

If the air pressure of any place decreases due to a gradual increase in temperature, then the air blows from all the sides in that area which increases the amount of air increases in the area. Then air moves upward in spiral motion which is called a hurricane. It is called hurricane or tornado in America whereas it is called Typhoon in Japan. The hurricane occurring near the coastal areas is very powerful. It is also called a tsunami. There is high rainfall and storm while tsunami occurs. People living in coastal areas should always carry a radio with them so that they can get the forecast of a tsunami occurring there. By doing this, lives of people along with their property can be saved. During and after the hurricane, nobody should walk out from their homes. During storm or hurricane, we should not stay near the electric poles, electric wires, trees etc. We should not go to the areas where the hurricane is occurring. We must stay far from it.

Very Short Questions

If the air pressure of any place decreases due to the gradual increase in temperature, then the air blows from all the sides in that area which increases the amount of air increases in the area. Then air moves upward in spiral motion which is called the hurricane. It is called hurricane or tornado in America whereas it is called Typhoon in Japan. The hurricane occurring near the coastal areas is very powerful. It is also called the tsunami.

The effects of hurricanes are given below:i) Sea surge storm causes flood which sweeps life and property.ii)During the hurricane, the affected area receives heavy rainfall that causes other disasters like landslides.iii)Cyclone causes destruction of life and property.iv)It deposits debris in fertile lands and turns them into unfertile.