4. "Cover it up" was started in 1968-what happened to the city? Has this continued?

5. "Induced demand" means what? How could you control this if you were emperor?

6. Noh Soo Hong says "they think I'm nut": what does this say about the public awareness about carrying capacity and sustainable development? Are there parallels to other urban societies? What sort of economic/social benefits might you experience?

7. Lee Myung Bak is now the President of Korea, what were his previous two jobs? What's the lesson here? There is an old saying: "only Nixon could have gone to China" What's the connection?

8. What unique talents did Lee Myung Bak bring to the project?

9. What changes did they make to public transportation during construction, and what did they learn about traffic while doing this "experiment"?

10. Is traffic more like a liquid or a gas? Explain.

11. What is the heat island effect, and how did the restoration change this in Seoul?

12. The two ladies are a crackup-they talk over each other, but what is their unique perspective on this?

13. Big picture: think of why the city was located there, how it evolved to cover it's reason for being there, then once it was uncovered and restored, the city re-discovered it's roots. Where else could you imagine seeing this?

14. Hawaiian society was based on the Ahupua'a concept. How is this similar?

15. Koreans plant 480,000 trees each year to offset the impact of the stream-why?

16. Many cities in Europe have strict urban planning policies-compare these with Seoul.

17. Soon we will see a similar video about Alexandria Virginia, where pedestrian traffic has changed. How did pedestrian traffic change in Seoul due to the "road diet"

18. The present mayor of Seoul says "sustainability is the key element to the survival of the city". Why?

Ladakh is on several borders. What impact does this have on the cultural diversity there?

The lowest part of Ladakh is about the altitude of the Mauna Kea visitor center (9000 ft.) and the top is twice as high as the summit of Mauna Kea. Consider the biomes there, and what could possibly survive there?

What impact did the airport have in Ladakh?

What Buddhist principles are cited as coincident with sustainable design?

Watching them build the school, did you see any heavy equipment or power tools? Why?

Identify two federal laws that might be used to save a bird or its habitat.

Identify a U.S., federal, or international treaty to prevent the extinction of animals.

State two specific provisions of the Clean Water Act.

Propose two incentives to switch to electric cars.

Discuss the law that requires monitoring of treated sewage discharged into a river.

Laws are formal rules of conduct that people, businesses, or even government agencies must follow; they areenforced by designated authorities. Laws are created and enforced at the local, state, or federal level. Federal lawsare passed by Congress and administered and enforced by specific government agencies. Law.s may be periodically amended.

Regulations are the detailed rules and procedures necessary to enforce a law, commonly established by the agencydesignated to administer the law. Most federal environmental laws are administered and enforced by theEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA), with some being adJ;llinistered by other U.S. government agencies. The laws included in this section that are not regulated through the EPA are noted.

Treaties are formal agreements between international participants. They are also known as protocols, conventions, agreements, and covenants.

Laws: most important ones

CAA clean air act 1970

CWA clean water act 1972

CERCLA comprehensive response compensation and liability act 1980

ESA endangered species act 1973

FIFRA federal insecticide fungicide and rodenticide act 1996

NEPA national environmental policy act 1969 (EIS and EA)

RCRA resource conservation and recovery act 1976

SWDA safe water drinking act 1974

SMCRA surface mining control and reclamation act 1977

TOSCA Toxic substances control act 1976

Treaties: big list

CITES convention on international trade in endangered species 1963, 1973

See above: when quantity is high (right side of graph), demand is low, supply is high.

When supply is low, price is high.

Equilibrium means "equal freedom"

Compare this with state run economies, where supply is controlled by the central government (e.g. Stalinist USSR, or present day Venezuela, Zimbabwe or other countries).

Fallacy #1 in the Neoclassical economic model: there will always be more resources (think of oil, timber or minerals).

Fallacey #2: all costs and benefits are borne directly by those in the transaction (e.g. no externalized costs).

Externalized costs:

health problems (e.g. pollution impact)

resource degradation or depletion

aesthetic (beauty) damage

declining value (resources, tourism, higher health care costs)

When economists ignore the externalized costs, this creates a false impression of the consequences of choices, so change is harder to achieve. It also means the government (e.g all of us) often picks up the cost.

Fallacy #3: future events have less value than present events ("I want it now, someone can deal with the consequences later")

This is known as "discounting" the future

Fallacy #4: Economic growth is essential for social order: "Affluenza"

Sustainable growth:

1; increase in inputs or 2: increase in efficient use of resources (e.g. recycling, cradle to cradle)

Old way of measuring the output of a country: GDP: Gross Domestic Product (Used to be called GNP but corporations are often off-shore, like Apple)

Alternate method: Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI): positive impacts minus the negative impacts, also known as "full cost accounting" or "true cost accounting". Used in Maryland since 2010, now their GPI is greater than their GDP.

Ecolabeling empowers consumers (brings informed decision making to the marketplace)

Pollution from metal production is called "tailings", a word also used for the purification of radioactive materials like Uranium. These tailings are usually very toxic, and not well cared for. When water leaches through them, toxins run downstream, or kill folks outright like just a bit ago in Brazil:

Look up Buckminster Fuller. What structural design did he create that you might see?

What do you notice about the library Ken Yeang created that is similar to the elab?

What is bioclimatic design?

Recall the California Academy of Science and Renzo Piano-what is similar about these two approaches?

Why did the cheapness of energy in the 1960's impact design?

Why would "low tech" solutions be better in the long run over "high tech" solutions?

"The technology should be invisible"-why is this important? How does it change the sense of the user?

Our older classrooms had something like the light shelves. Look above the lockers in these classrooms and describe how these might work.

Stanford's Y2E2 building has a similar heat stack in the center of it, with automated louvers at the top, and an automated fire door sealing off the bottom in case of fire. How do you think these might work? https://web.stanford.edu/class/cee243/Week2V2.pdf

"Cradle to cradle" means what?

What is downcycling? What does McDonough advocate?

How could removing the toxic substances from the design of materials impact their upcycling?

What three elements are needed for cradle to cradle?

What is the difference between being efficient and being effective in his mind?

Apple was the first computer company to adopt the cradle to cradle approach. Why do you think the cost apart from components for the white laptops in our classroom are more than for the aluminum ones?

What is our design opportunity in this "second industrial re-evolution"?

As a student in APES, you will be seen as an expert in some of these fields. McDonough mentions that "people don't need to be an expert at everything, just to leverage the expertise of others". How do you fit into this picture?

"Take, make and waste". How could we change this?

"Love of all children of all species, for all time". How do you fit into this?

How does the "all on one truck" idea of a home impact transportation, building and recycling?

Stuttgart Germany is the center of a very intensive industrial area. Why is this contrast so effective for that society?

The elab is one link in the support system for the Mars habitat simulation. What is similar between that HISEAS habitat and the R129 concept building?

"Substitute material with energy"-how does this work, why is it one step towards sustainable design?

"You can do anything, you just must want it" Says Werner Sobek. If you had such an opportunity, what would you want to design?