Renal vascularization anomalies in the Polish population. Coexistence of arterial and venous anomalies in the vascular pedicle of the kidney.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The aim of the study was to determine the coexistence of arterial and venous anomalies in the vascular pedicle of the kidney in the Polish population.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study group comprised 550 corpses, including 281 male (mean age 52 ± 22 years), and 269 female (mean age 56.4 ± 23 years) (p=0.02). The vascular bundle was removed together with the kidney, "en bloc": the vessels were subject to radiological contrasting and preparation. The obtained results were subject to statistical analysis (the exact Fisher test, Chi- square test of independence for cross-tabulation 2x2 tables, and the Odds-ratio with the confidence interval at a level of 0.95, calculated on the basis of the contingency dependence). Statistica 12 and Microsoft Excel were used for calculation.

RESULTS:

Variations in the structure of the renal venous system were observed in 33.8%; insignificantly more often in case of male (35.9%), as compared to female patients (31.6%). Deviations in the structure of the renal arteries were observed significantly more often in case of patients with renal venous system developmental disorders (p=0.0071). In case of patients with a normal renal venous system, arterial kidney structure deviations were observed in 34.9% of cases, significantly more often in male (40%), as compared to female patients (29.7%) (p=0.043). On the other hand, in case of venous system pathologies, the above-mentioned deviations were observed in 46.8% of cases (p=0.002). Amongst venous system developmental anomalies, right-sided venous excess was observed in 20.4% of cases, including 48% of renal artery developmental pathologies, significantly more often in case of male (61.3%), as compared to female patients (32%) (p=0.002).

CONCLUSIONS:

Renal artery anomalies of the kidney vascular pedicle are significantly correlated with the coexistence of venous system variations. This is especially true in case of male patients, which favors female kidneys for transplantation.