Presentation Description

“Strategy of TPM is to change the attitude from “I use, You maintain” to “I use, I maintain”.
Think about how to Increase production and reduced cost by reducing or eliminating loss, and this is the TPM.

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Total productive maintenance (TPM):

Total productive maintenance ( TPM ) Prepared by : M.Ganesh Murugan

Introduction:

Introduction Total productive maintenance ( TPM ) originated in Japan in 1971 as a method for improved machine availability through better utilization of maintenance and production resources. TPM is a maintenance process developed for improving productivity by making processes more reliable and less wasteful.TPM is an extension of TQM(Total Quality Management)

Why TPM ?:

Why TPM ? TPM was introduced to achieve the following objectives. The important ones are listed below. Avoid wastage in a quickly changing economic environment. Producing goods without reducing product quality. Reduce cost. Produce a low batch quantity at the earliest possible time. Goods send to the customers must be non defective.

What is TPM?:

What is TPM? “Strategy of TPM is to change the attitude from “I use, You maintain” to “I use, I maintain”. Think about how to Increase production and reduced cost by reducing or eliminating loss, and this is the TPM.

Objectives of TPM:

Objectives of TPM To improve equipment effectiveness TPM examines the effectiveness of facilities by identifying and examining all loses. Example: Downtime loses, Speed loses, and defect loses. To achieve autonomous Maintenance TPM allows the people who operate equipment to take responsibility of the maintenance tasks. To train all staff in relevant maintenance skills TPM places a heavy emphasis on appropriate and continuous training to all operating and maintenance staffs

Objectives of TPM:

Objectives of TPM To plan maintenance TPM has a systematic approach to all maintenance activities. To achieve early equipment management TPM aims to move towards zero maintenance through “Maintenance Prevention”.

The Evolution of Maintenance:

The Evolution of Maintenance

Types of maintenance:

Types of maintenance Breakdown maintenance It means that people waits until equipment fails and repair it. Such a thing could be used when the equipment failure does not significantly affect the operation or production or generate any significant loss other than repair cost

Types of maintenance:

Types of maintenance Preventive Maintenance Preventive Maintenance is periodic maintenance that retains the condition of equipment and prevents failure through the prevention of deterioration, periodic inspection, and equipment condition diagnosis. PM includes cleaning, inspection, lubrication and tightening. Preventive Maintenance is further divided into Periodic Maintenance and Predictive Maintenance. Periodic Maintenance is time-based. Predictive Maintenance is condition-based.

Types of maintenance:

Types of maintenance Corrective Maintenance Corrective Maintenance improves equipment and its components so that preventive maintenance can be performed reliably. Equipment with a design weakness is redesigned with corrective maintenance to improve reliability or maintainability.

Types of maintenance:

Types of maintenance Maintenance Prevention Maintenance Prevention deals with improving the design of new equipment. Current machine data (information leading to failure prevention, easier maintenance, prevention of defects, safety, and ease of manufacturing) are studied and designs are incorporated in new equipment.

Steps in JISHU HOZEN::

Steps in JISHU HOZEN:

Pillars of TPM:

Pillars of TPM PILLAR 2 - Focused Improvement Improvement on every one’s activity. Improvement is to eliminate Production losses and cost reduction. Improvement in Reliability, Maintainability, and cost.

Pillars of TPM:

Pillars of TPM PILLAR 5 - Education & Training Skills development for uniformity of work practices on machines. Skills for Zero defects, Zero breakdowns & Zero accidents. Multi Skilled employees in all departments Steps in Educating and training activities : Setting policies and priorities and checking present status of education and training. Establish of training system for operation and maintenance skill up gradation. Training the employees for upgrading the operation and maintenance skills. Preparation of training calendar. Kick-off of the system for training. Evaluation of activities and study of future approach. A clear understanding of the criteria for judging normal and abnormal conditions The ability to quickly respond to any and all abnormalities

Pillars of TPM:

Pillars of TPM Four Levels of Skills Level 1: Lack both theoretical and practical ability (needs to be taught) Level 2: Knows theory but not in practice Level 3: Has mastered practice but not theory Level 4: Mastered both practice and theory

Pillars of TPM:

Pillars of TPM PILLAR 6 - Development Management Developing machines for “high equipment effectiveness”. Quick process for developing new products. Example: KAIZEN Kaizen Policy : Practice concepts of zero losses in every sphere of activity. relentless pursuit to achieve cost reduction targets in all resources. Relentless pursuit to improve over all plant equipment effectiveness. Extensive use of PM analysis as a tool for eliminating losses. Focus of easy handling of operators.

Pillars of TPM:

Pillars of TPM:

Pillars of TPM PILLAR 8 - Office TPM Office TPM must be followed to improve productivity, efficiency in the administrative functions and identify and eliminate losses. This includes analyzing processes and procedures towards increased office automation Plans & Guidelines: Providing awareness about office TPM to all support departments Helping them to identify P, Q, C, D, S, M in each function in relation to plant performance Identify the scope for improvement in each function Collect relevant data Help them to solve problems in their circles Make up an activity board where progress is monitored on both sides - results and actions along with Kaizens. Fan out to cover all employees and circles in all functions.

Pillars of TPM:

Pillars of TPM P Q C D S M in Office TPM : P - Production output lost due to Material, Manpower productivity, Production output lost due to want of tools. Q - Mistakes in preparation of cheques, bills, invoices, payroll, Customer returns/warranty attributable to BOPs, Rejection/rework in BOP's/job work, Office area rework. C - Buying cost/unit produced, Cost of logistics - inbound/outbound, Cost of carrying inventory, Cost of communication, Demurrage costs. D - Logistics losses (Delay in loading/unloading) Delay in delivery due to any of the support functions Delay in payments to suppliers Delay in information S - Safety in material handling/stores/logistics, Safety of soft and hard data. M - Number of Kaizens in office areas

Implementation of TPM:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization Step 1: Announce top management’s decision to introduce TPM State TPM objectives in a company newsletter Place articles on TPM in the company newspaper

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization Step 2: Introductory education campaign Seminars for managers Slide presentations for all employees

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization Step 3:TPM Promotion Special committees at every level to promote TPM Establish an organizational structure Newsletters Articles Videos Posters

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization Step 4: Establish basic TPM policies and goals Analyze existing conditions Set goals Goals that are Result oriented, Specific, Measurable, Attainable and Realistic Predict TPM policies and goals should be very much clear to everyone involved in TPM implementation results.

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization Step 5: Preparation and Formulation of a master plan A master plan lays out your goals, what you will do to achieve them and when you will achieve them Detailed plans for each pillar have to be prepared This activity can be carried out by a consultant, plant personnel, or both. Consultant involvement typically begins with a plant visit to observe production operations, learn about the equipment (type, function, condition, problems and losses etc.), study maintenance operations (structure, size and tasks etc.), gauge orderliness and cleanliness in the plant, and talk to employees to determine their motivation and attitude

Program Development Master Plan:

Program Development Master Plan

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization Step 6: TPM kick-off The main kick-off to TPM should take the form of a formal presentation (feasible study Report)with all the employees attending This opportunity can be used to gain the full support of the employees Invite external customers, affiliated and subcontracting companies

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization Step 8: Develop a planned maintenance program Set up plans and schedules to carry out work on equipment before it breaks down, in order to extend the life of the equipment Include periodic and predictive maintenance Include management of spare parts and tools

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization Step 9: Develop a autonomous maintenance program A handing-over of maintenance tasks from specialized maintenance personnel to production operators Tasks to hand over - Cleaning - Lubricating - Inspecting - Set-up and adjustment

A Chart for Autonomous Maintenance:

A Chart for Autonomous Maintenance

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization Step 10: Increase skills of production and maintenance personnel The training sessions must be planned shortly after the kick-off presentation 2 major components - soft skills training - technical training Train leaders together Have leaders share information with group members

Training Skill Development Matrix:

Training Skill Development Matrix

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization Step 11: Develop early equipment management program The principle of designing for maintenance prevention can be applied to new products, and to new and existing machines New products must be designed so that they can be easily produced on new or existing machines New machines must be designed for easier operations, changeover and maintenance Existing machines: - analyze historical records for - trends of types of failures - frequency of component failures - root causes of failures - determine how to eliminate the problem and reduce maintenance through an equipment design change or by changing the process

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization:

Steps in introduction of TPM in a organization Step 12: Perfect TPM implementation and raise TPM levels Evaluate for the PM Award: The Japanese Institute for Productive Maintenance runs the annual PM Excellence Award. They provide a checklist for companies applying for the award Set higher goals

6 Big Loses:

6 Big Loses Six Big Loss Category Loss Category Examples Comment Breakdowns Down Time Loss Tooling Failures Unplanned Maintenance General Breakdowns Equipment Failure There is flexibility on where to set the threshold between a Breakdown (Down Time Loss) and a Small Stop (Speed Loss). Setup and Adjustments Down Time Loss Setup/Changeover Material Shortages Operator Shortages Major Adjustments Warm-Up Time This loss is often addressed through setup time reduction programs.

Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE):

Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) Performance Calculation: Performance = (Parts Produced * Ideal Cycle Time) / Available Time Example: A given Work Center is scheduled to run for an 8 hour (480 minute) shift with a 30 minute scheduled break. Available Time = 450 Min Sched – 60 Min Unsched Downtime = 390 Minutes The Standard Rate for the part being produced is 40 Units/Hour or 1.5 Minutes/Unit The Work Center produces 242 Total Units during the shift. Note: The basis is Total Units, not Good Units. The Performance metric does not penalize for Quality. Time to Produce Parts = 242 Units * 1.5 Minutes/Unit = 363 Minutes Performance = 363 Minutes / 390 Minutes = 93.0%

Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE):

Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) Quality Calculation: Quality = Good Units / Units Started Example: A given Work Center produces 230 Good Units during a shift. 242 Units were started in order to produce the 230 Good Units. Quality = 230 Good Units / 242 Units Started = 95.0%

Total effective equipment performance:

Total effective equipment performance Loading Loading = Scheduled Time / Calendar Time Example: A given Work Center is scheduled to run 5 Days per Week, 24 Hours per Day. For a given week, the Total Calendar Time is 7 Days at 24 Hours. Loading = (5 days x 24 hours) / (7 days x 24 hours) = 71.4% TEEP measures effectiveness against calendar hours, i.e.: 24 hours per day, 365 days per year.

Direct benefits of TPM:

Direct benefits of TPM Increase productivity and OPE ( Overall Plant Efficiency ) by 1.5 or 2 times. Rectify customer complaints. Reduce the manufacturing cost by 30%. Satisfy the customers needs by 100 % ( Delivering the right quantity at the right time, in the required quality. ) Reduce accidents. Follow pollution control measures.

Indirect benefits of TPM:

Indirect benefits of TPM Higher confidence level among the employees. Keep the work place clean, neat and attractive. Favorable change in the attitude of the operators. Achieve goals by working as team. Horizontal deployment of a new concept in all areas of the organization. Share knowledge and experience. The workers get a feeling of owning the machine.

Difficulties Faced in TPM Implementation:

Difficulties Faced in TPM Implementation Sufficient resources like people, money, time, etc. and assistance are not provided. TPM is not a “quick fix” approach, it involve cultural change to the ways to do the things. Incomplete understanding of the methodology and philosophy by middle management. Many people treat it just another “program of the month” without paying any focus and also doubt about its effectiveness. Workers show strong resistance to any change Many people considered TPM activities as additional work or threat.

The Cost of Implementing TPM:

The Cost of Implementing TPM Maintenance programs in place. Age of the equipment. Pace to be taken. Some plants have excellent programs in place and have kept the equipment in very good shape, so the cost for implementing TPM in these plants will be lower than for those who have a bad program or none in place. Old equipment sometimes will face the high cost of parts if attainable. • If a fast paced implementation is required, the cost per year will be higher.