Remembered Fruits of the Philippines. By John McIntyre Jr..
1976 YB, p 56

CANANGA ODORATA - Yang-yang, Ilang Ilang, Annona AsiaticThis tree is grown for its flowers, which are used as a fragrance
for perfume. Grown in tropical America for shade and the perfume
of its flowers. Flowers form a large star, having six yellow-green
petals. The base of the flower has the glands from which the perfumed
oil is extracted. The tree can be grown is protected areas. It
freezes 26°F but will sucker back. See Yang-yangCANARIUM ALBUM - Chinese Olive, Pak LaamA native of China, Vietnam and the Philippines, this large tree
bears a fruit valued for its pulp. It is preserved in either sweet
or sour form and used as olives.
CANARIUM OVATUM - Pili Nut, Java AlmondA large, lovely tree native to the East Indies, it has buttresses
and aerial roots and is cold tender. It bears triangular, spindle-like
hard-shelled nuts with an almond flavor. The rich oily seeds are
eaten both raw and roasted. The pulp of the fruit is also eaten.
See Pili Nut

Remembered Fruits of the Philippines. By John McIntyre Jr..
1976 YB, pp 54-55

Update from Palm Beach. By Tommy Reese. 1982 #2, pp 19-21

Fruited Carambola. By Rick Parkhurst. 1982 #1, p 4

CARICA PAPAYA - Papaya, (Paw Paw Australia), Tree MelonCarica is a genus of about 20 species of evergreen trees native
to tropical America. They all produce a acrid milky sap. Although
described as a tree, the plant is a large herb or soft-wood tree,
like the banana. Carica papaya contains an enzyme known
as papain, present in the fruit, stem and leaves. The milky juice
is extracted, dried and used as chewing gum, medicine (digestion
problems), toothpaste and meat tenderizers. (Meat can be tenderized
by wrapping it in a bruised papaya leaf before it is cooked.)
The fruit size varies from 4 to 20" and from 2 to 20 pounds.
The flesh is soft and juicy, orange-yellow or salmon pink, surrounding
a cavity containing numerous brown-black pea-size seeds which
can be used as a spice (some people chew them). Unripe papaya
can be cooked as a vegetable. See Papaya

CARISSA CARANDAS - KarandaAn Indian Shrub or small tree with a ¾" reddish berry,
with 3 - 4 seeds per fruit. In India, it is used for pickles and
preserves.
CARISSA EDULIS - Egyptian CarissaThis plant is much like the Carissa grandiflora but the
fruit is a little smaller and rounder. The taste is similar, though
many people prefer this fruit.
CARISSA MACROCARPA (C. grandflora) - Natal PlumA South African shrub used as a hedge or free standing shrub because
of its interestingly formed branches and shiny deep-green leaves,
offset by white and pink flowers. The plant bears a 2" egg-shaped
red fruit that exudes a white astringent latex unless fully ripe.
The fruit can be eaten out-of-hand but does make good cranberry-like
preserves. It is a salt tolerant plant. See Natal Plum

CASIMIROA EDULIS - White SapoteA medium sized tree from Mexico and Central American highlands,
it is a member of the Rutaceae family, which contains the citrus.
Although listed as an evergreen, it drops a number of leaves during
the dormant or winter period. The flowers are small and green/white
in short clusters in the axils of mature leaves or on leaf shoots.
The 3-4" fruit has a thin green-to-yellow skin and soft,
creamy-colored, very sweet pulp surrounding 2-5 seeds. The tree
may have two crops a year, grows well in Southern California and
Florida (freezes at about 26°F). Propagated by seeds (7-8 years
for fruiting), grafted or airlayered. See White Sapote

CECROPIA PELTATA - Cecropia, Trumpet Tree, Indian SnakeworkA West Indian native, fast-growing, short-lived tree which has
large leaves 1' across. The sap yields a latex rubber. Young buds
are eaten as a cooked vegetable. The fruit is cylindrical with
soft, sweet flesh and many small seeds. The tree is propagated
by seed.

CEIBA PENTANDRA - Kapok, Silk Cotton TreeA large deciduous tree of East Indian origin, it grows well in
warmer areas of Florida. It is known for the cotton-like fiber
around the seeds which is used for flotation devices. Young leaves
are cooked and eaten.

CERATONIA SILIQUA - Carob, St. John's BreadDioecious. This Mediterranean tree is adapted to the same range
as the orange. It is slow growing, but needs little care once
established. The fruits are thick leathery pods up to a foot long,
containing seeds and sweet pulp (24-48% sugar), which ripen May
to July. The pulp is edible raw or cooked. In the U.S., it is
well known as a chocolate substitute. Legend says St. John ate
the pods, thus the second common name. See CarobCEREUS PERUVIANUS - Pitaya, Night-Blooming CereusThis strange cactus looks like a series of giant ribbed sausages
attached end to end. It grows in coastal areas and warmer areas
of the U.S. It can reach a height of 50'. Showy flowers open
at night. Fruit is reddish, 1½" in diameter with a sweet
flavor. See PitayaCEREUS TRIANGULARISA cactus similar to C. peruvianus with very tasty brilliant
red fruit. The flower is also night-blooming and should be hand
pollinated as the insect pollinator of South America is not present
in the U.S. Used as a climbing cactus and extensively as the base
plant for grafted cactus sold in stores. Cuttings root easily.
Freezes at about 24-26°F.

CHAENOMELES SPECIOSA - Japanese QuinceA low spreading shrub or small tree with spines that is quite
hardy and very ornamental since it tends to flower in winter.
The fruit is green-yellow and speckled, about 2 to 2½"
around, with a characteristic pleasant quince odor.

CHRYSOBALANUS ICACO - Cocoplum, IcacoThis native shrub or small tree of South Florida and the West
Indies makes an extremely pretty light-green hedge. It will freeze
at 26-27°F but return from the roots. The flowers are not showy
nor are the fruits, which are about 1" in diameter and variously
yellow, pink, red or black. They have a cotton-candy pulp surrounding
the seed, which is edible raw or roasted and tastes similar to
an almond. The fruit can be cooked and made into preserves.
CHRYSOBALANUS ICACO VAR PELLOCARPA - Everglade CocoplumA swampland version of the dry-land cocoplum. The fruit is yellow
to purple.
CHRYSOPHYLLUM CAINITO - Caimito, Star AppleThis large, lovely tree of tropical American origin is used both
as a landscape and fruiting tree. The leaves are glossy green
on top and bronze beneath. It grows well in warm areas of Florida
and has grown in San Diego, though it would prefer high humidity.
The name "star apple" refers to the distribution of
the seeds in the cut fruit. Skin color can be green, yellow or
purple; shape is round. When ripe, flesh is melting, sweet and
pleasantly flavored. Propagation by seeds (may never fruit) air-layer
and grafting. See Caimito

CHRYSOPHYLLUM OLIVIFORME - Satin - Leaf,
Damson Plum
This landscape tree, native to South Florida. Bahamas and the
West Indies, has the appearance of the star apple except the leaves
are more copper-colored on their underside. The chewy, purple,
sweet, ¾" fruits are good fresh, similar to chewing
gum.

CITROFORTUNELLA MITIS - Calamondin, China Orange, Golden LimeNative to China. An important citrus juice source in the Philippines,
it has an upright growth habit, very shapely, almost thornless;
highly productive and one of the cold-hardiest citrus. It makes
an excellent ornamental, can be kept in a container or shaped
by pruning to make a landscape plant. The small fruits, with red-orange
rind and orange flesh, hold on the tree well. They are used for
juice when not fully mature; when mature, skin becomes easily
separated. See Calamondin

CITRUS / FORTUNELLA HYBRID - Limequat, Orangequat and CitrangequatThese three ornamental hybrids are a result of a breeding program
sponsored by the USDA, to breed the cold hardiness of the kumquat
into the other plants. The limequat is a key lime crossed with
a kumquat; a good lime substitute and more cold hardy than its
lime parent. The orangequat is a cross between the Meiwa kumquat
and the Satsuma mandarin and produces a tasty kumquat-like fruit.
The citrangequat is the result of a cross of kumquat and citrange
(orange x trifoliate orange) and the fruit is very sour. All of
the hybrids are prolific fruit producers, small trees good for
containers and propagated by budding.
See Limequat,Orangequat and
Citrangequat

CITRUS MAXIMA (C. grandis) - Pummelo, ShaddockA favorite in its original S.E. Asia, it is natural to describe
the pummelo in relation to the grapefruit because they are closely
related with slightly more frost sensitivity. The size of the
fruit is reflected by its botanical name. It is the largest among
citrus. It is generally round to pear-shaped with thick skin,
firm flesh and a lower juice content than grapefruit. Because
of the firm flesh, you do not eat pummelos the same way you eat
grapefruit. Instead, you peel the fruit, segment it and shell
the edible pulp vesicles out of their membrane. Many varieties
exist with yellow, pink or deep red flesh and acid to sweet.
See PummeloCITRUS RETICULATA X CITRUS MAXIMA - TangeloA cross between a mandarin and grapefruit or mandarin and pummelo.
In many instances, the fruit will resemble one of its parents.
For example, the Minneola, a cross of the Dancy mandarin and the
Duncan grapefruit, has the color and flavor of the mandarin. In
general, it will produce more if cross-pollinated with a mandarin
or tangor.
CITRUS RETICULATA X CITRUS SINENSIS - TangorA cross of mandarin and orange, the Florida originated Temple
is the most common variety. A small to medium tree with rich
and spicy fruit. Ripens Dec. to March in Florida. It is believed
that several natural mandarin-orange hybrids occur, such as Clementine
and King.

CLAUSENA LANSIUM - Wampi, WampeeA citrus relative originating in South China. A small, thornless
tree largely used as an ornamental. Will grow where citrus is
grown. Fruits in clusters of 6-8 small round yellow fruits; the
white flesh contains several jade green seeds and has a subacid
flavor. Propagated by seed, cutting or air layer. See Wampi

COCCOLOBA UVIFERA - Sea GrapeA native of Florida, used as a coastal area, landscape plant,
it does well in areas of high salt and poor soil. The leaves are
large and round; the fruit is grape sized, with woody, purple
skin covering a thin purple flesh crowning a large seed. They
are borne on stalks and ripen individually, falling off easily
when picked. The musky sweet flavor is pleasant eaten fresh but
best as jelly. Propagated by seeds or air layers. See Sea GrapeCOCCOLOBA SPECIES - Big Leaf Sea GrapeSimilar in growth habits to the native sea grape with the exception
of its large disc-form leaves, it is often used as a tropical
landscape or container plant and can be shaped into a tree.

Remembered Fruits of the Philippines. By John McIntyre Jr..
1976 YB, pp 58-60

COCOS NUCIFERA - Coconut PalmThis palm has a leaning slender trunk and a heavy crown of pinnate
foliage. It prefers sunshine, tolerates salt, and in warm areas,
is used extensively as a landscape plant. It will freeze at 29°F,
though some have been known to survive 25°F. There are strains
that can be selected for specific purposes, such as the 'Dwarf
golden' with its bright little fruit or the 'Dwarf green' whose
fruit are vivid green at maturity. Propagated by seed which is
set into the earth about its depth.
COFFEA ARABICA - Arabian CoffeeA relative of the gardenia and Ixora, it is an attractive shrub
with glossy evergreen leaves. It prefers light shade, is hardy
to 28°F and can be used as a potted specimen, though some varieties
grow into large trees. The flowers are white, star-like, fragrant,
in axillary clusters which appear in the spring. The fruit are
red when ripe, in the fall, with a sweet pulp surrounding the
bean. See Coffee

COLA NITIDA - Kola Nut, Goora NutA tropical African relative of the cocoa tree. Grows well in
protected areas of South Florida. A handsome tree, to 40', bears
leathery pods, whose seeds are the kola "nuts" famous
for their role in Coca Cola and other drinks. The nuts are chewed
in Africa. They supposedly improve the flavor of food. Slightly
bitter (water drunk afterwards makes them very sweet). Propagated
by seed, individually in final container as they do not transplant
well.

CONOPHARYNGIA ELEGANS - Toad TreeThis tropical tree, which grows well in southern or coastal parts
of Florida, can stand small amounts of cold weather, drought and
requires minimal care. A handsome plant with ribbed leaves, it
produces a fruit looking somewhat like a toad with a carrot-like
taste.

COUEPIA POLYANDRA - OlosapoA small to medium evergreen tree from Central America, it has
a dried-out look due to stiff olive-green leaves. It bears elliptical
greenish fruit which look like dill pickles hanging from branches.
The flesh is soft and sweet but the pulp is semi-dry and like
egg-yolk in consistency. Propagated by seed.
COUROUPITA GUIANENSIS - Cannon-ball TreeA large deciduous tree, popular in South America and West Indies,
it is a curiosity in the warmer areas of Florida and is propagated
by seed. The fruits are 6-8" across, round, hard and brown,
hence the common name. The white pulp is ill-smelling when ripe
and contains many seeds but has a grape or wine-like flavor, slightly
acid, which is edible.

CRATAEGUS AZAROLUS - Azarole, MedlarThought to have originated in the Orient, it is found throughout
the Mediterranean as hedges, woods or sometimes as a solitary
planting. It is an arid type plant requiring little care or water
once established and is a favorite for flower arrangements whether
in the blossom or fruiting stage. The fruit is similar to other
hawthornes. ½ to ¾" in diameter, consisting of
a group of nut-like carpels surrounded by a mealy, fragrant, sugary
yet acid flesh, described as apple-like and covered with a orange-red
to yellow skin. See Medlar

CYNOMETRA CAULIFLORA - Namnam, Nam NamA small tree from Southeast Asia, it carries a fleshy pod 2-4"
long, shaped like a kidney. It has several crops a year, is slow
growing and propagated by seed. The pulp is subacid and contains
one seed.
CYPHOMANDRA BETACEA - Tamarillo, Tree TomatoAn erect, fast-growing, South American evergreen shrub with fleshy,
cordate, ornate leaves that have an unpleasant scent. It is shallow-rooted,
susceptible to nematodes and requires rich, moist, well-drained
soil. Heavy mulching is recommended to protect the easily damaged
roots. The fruit is a many-seeded berry, egg-shaped, two-celled
like tomatoes and about 2-3" long. It is treated like a tomato,
cooked or eaten raw. Propagated by seed or cutting. See Tamarillo