Malta in 2005

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This article was originally published in the Britannica Book of the Year, an annual print publication that
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On July 6, 2005, the Maltese parliament unanimously ratified the European Union constitution. The opposition Labour Party, however, stated that its vote was conditioned to five reservations, one of which was meant to ensure Malta’s neutrality. Meanwhile, the government announced its plan to entrench in the Maltese constitution the law prohibiting abortion. Shortly after the government decided to adopt the euro, the ministers of the euro zone member states included the Maltese lira in the Exchange Rate Mechanism II, and on May 2 the central rate of the lira was set at 1 euro to 42.93 cents.

The dominant theme of the year was the influx of illegal immigrants from the African continent, which for Malta reached crisis proportions. In June a conference of five European and five African countries (so-called 5+5) in Malta agreed on the need to adopt a holistic approach toward tackling the problem. A high-level meeting in Rome between Malta and Italy was held in October.

On October 3 Prime Minister Lawrence Gonzi met U.S. Pres. George W. Bush in Washington, D.C. Among the matters discussed were the reinstatement of an agreement to avoid double taxation, the removal of visa requirements for Maltese citizens traveling to the U.S., the immigration problem, and international terrorism. The government and people of Malta donated €8 million (about $10.5 million) to help Asian tsunami victims, while Malta in September wrote off $8 million owed by Iraq as a show of solidarity with the Iraqi people.