In Sanofi’s R&D labs, Dr Rak achieves this by applying microseeding crystallisation techniques assisted by the mosquito robot (TTP Labtech). Together, these have been demonstrated to improve the quality of protein crystals and are used instead of, or in concert with, routine crystallisation optimisation. Microseeding is applied to the generation of new ligand bound crystal forms as well as to crystallising proteins and protein complexes which were not otherwise possible to crystallise.