UNHCR fears for Congolese civilians caught in violence

Around the camp fire in Kiwanja. Some 123,000 Congolese have fled their homes across North Kivu province over the past three months.

KIWANJA, Democratic Republic of the Congo, May 9 (UNHCR) – Crouching in a mud hut after a tropical downpour, the UNHCR monitoring team listened as 10 widows told of the dangerous dilemma that they and tens of thousands of other displaced people face in Democratic Republic of the Congo's (DRC) North Kivu province.

"The population is caught in a trap. The FDLR [rebel Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda] accuse us of collaboration with the military, and the military accuse us of collaboration with the FDLR," said one of the women, who had all sought safety at the Kiwanja site for displaced people after fleeing their villages.

Although large-scale fighting between rival armed forces has died down in the region, civilians still face threats, attacks and even death and rape in North Kivu. The continuing instability has prompted some 123,000 Congolese to flee their homes across the province over the past three months. Some live in flimsy shelters at displacement sites, others stay with host families.

UNHCR is highly concerned about this displacement of civilians and the targeting of innocents. "Burning of civilian homes and killings of civilians must stop immediately," insisted Ralf Gruenert, UNHCR's deputy representative for protection in the DRC. "We urge all armed groups in North Kivu to refrain from practices violating international humanitarian and human rights law," he added.

The UN refugee agency and its humanitarian aid partners have stepped up visits to sites housing people who have fled their homes in this latest wave of internal displacement in the east of the country. It followed the deployment of new mixed brigades in North Kivu last February and military operations launched by DRC government troops against the FDLR last month. The mixed brigades include regular army troops and former dissident armed groups.

The full scale of the abuse in North Kivu is unclear because aid workers cannot enter certain zones due to security reasons. But displaced people questioned in Kiwanja made it clear that the problem was grave.

Bangamabo Jeton claimed that his eldest son, aged 29, had been killed in February when a government mixed brigade arrived in his village, Kiseguru. "I still ask myself why my eldest son was killed. He was no bandit, no soldier. I am asking myself, but I don't find the answer," said the grief-stricken man, who fled five kilometres with his wife and two surviving children to Makoka village.

"In Makoka, the situation got worse and worse. Bandits entered the houses at night, stealing. I didn't want to die like my son, that's why I fled here [in early May]," Jeton explained. UN peace-keeping troops are protecting the site where Jeton, his family and many others have sought refugee.

Teacher Patrice Luandu*, aged 36, said he lost everything when men armed with rifles and machetes, whom he claimed were FDLR, came to his village, Kasave. "The first time they came, they asked for money and took the clothes of my wife," he said, adding that they later returned for more. Luandu and his family decided to sleep in the bush at night and eventually made their way last week to Kiwanja.

UNHCR's sister agencies, the UN Childrens' Fund (UNICEF) and the World Food Programme (WFP), have been distributing aid to many of the newly displaced in Kivu. The UNHCR monitoring teams, meanwhile, listen to the concerns of a wide range of civilians, including children and women who are often reluctant to discuss their problems in the presence of men. The meeting here with the 10 widows was one such example.

Another aim of UNHCR monitoring is to find out from the displaced what their main needs are. The widows said access to safe drinking water was a problem, while teenagers said they feared being recruited into armed groups like some of their friends. Others cited emergency health care and shelter.

More than one million people remain displaced in DRC, including an estimated 600,000-plus in North Kivu. Some 340,000 Congolese are refugees, mostly in neighbouring countries in the Great Lakes region.

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As a massive food distribution gets underway in six UNHCR-run camps for tens of thousands of internally displaced Congolese in North Kivu, the UN refugee agency continues to hand out desperately needed shelter and household items.

A four-truck UNHCR convoy carrying 33 tonnes of various aid items, including plastic sheeting, blankets, kitchen sets and jerry cans crossed Wednesday from Rwanda into Goma, the capital of the conflict-hit province in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The aid, from regional emergency stockpiles in Tanzania, was scheduled for immediate distribution. The supplies arrived in Goma as the World Food Programme (WFP), with assistance from UNHCR, began distributing food to some 135,000 displaced people in the six camps run by the refugee agency near Goma.

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UNHCR/Partners Bring Aid to North Kivu

UNHCR/Partners Bring Aid to North Kivu

Since 2006, renewed conflict and general insecurity in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo's North Kivu province has forced some 400,000 people to flee their homes – the country's worst displacement crisis since the formal end of the civil war in 2003. In total, there are now some 800,000 people displaced in the province, including those uprooted by previous conflicts.

Hope for the future was raised in January 2008 when the DRC government and rival armed factions signed a peace accord. But the situation remains tense in North Kivu and tens of thousands of people still need help. UNHCR has opened sites for internally displaced people (IDPs) and distributed assistance such as blankets, plastic sheets, soap, jerry cans, firewood and other items to the four camps in the region. Relief items have also been delivered to some of the makeshift sites that have sprung up.

UNHCR staff have been engaged in protection monitoring to identify human rights abuses and other problems faced by IDPs and other populations at risk across North Kivu.

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UNHCR/Partners Bring Aid to North Kivu

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