Rare insights into Canada and Canadian foreign policy by leading foreign and Canadian policy thinkers and doers.

Marking the 25th anniversary of the series, Canada Among Nations 2009 focuses on how leading foreign and Canadian thinkers and doers assess Canada's prospects in a world in which the US will become more pre-eminent and predominant. The rise of China, India, Russia, and Brazil as well as the increased significance of Europe and the further development of Africa are all transforming the context in which Canadians live. Given the change in the tone, style, and substance of American foreign policy, and the need to deal with unprecedented international financial problems and global economic retreat, the topic of this volume is especially timely.

Canada will need to formulate sound policies on key issues such as energy and environmental sustainability, nuclear nonproliferation, human rights, and trade and investment in key areas such as Afghanistan and the Middle East. Astute bilateral diplomacy and constructive engagement in multilateral forums such as the United Nations and the G20 will be crucial to Canada's success. Contributors to this volume critique Canada's performance on the world stage, offering advice on initiatives Canada can take in its own and in the common interest.

Fen Hampson is Chancellor's Professor and director of The Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University.

Paul Heinbecker, former Canadian ambassador and permanent representative to the United Nations, is a Distinguished Fellow, International Relations, at the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) and director of the Centre for Global Relations at Wilfrid Laurier University.

Canada Among Nations, 2009-2010Edited by Fen Hampson and Paul Heinbecker

Table of Contents

ixFen Osler Hampson and Paul Heinbecker

INTRODUCTIONUsing Our Wits, Opening Our Wallets: Canadian Diplomacy in the Obama Age 3Fen Osler Hampson and Paul HeinbeckerBuilding a Stronger, Cleaner, and Fairer Global Economy: A Leading Role for Canada 20Angel Gurría

NORTH AMERICABilateral Trilateralism 39John Manley and Gordon GiffinCanada in Obama’s World 46Derek BurneyCanada-United States Relations 54Michael KerginThe United States and Canada 61Thomas PickeringA Mexican Perspective 74Andrés RozentalA North American’s View of the Old naftaand the New North American Agendas 82Robert A. Pastor

THE AMERICASCanada and the Hemisphere: Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea 95Jorge HeineCanadian Policy in the Americas: Between Rhetoric and Reality - A Needless Distance 103John Graham

AFRICACanada and Africa: Where Has Canada Gone? 181John SchramThe Canada-Africa Relationship and Where It Should Be Headed: An African Perspective 188Kwesi Botchwey

ASIA AND THE MIDDLE EASTCanada and the Middle East 195Patrick MartinCanada and Afghanistan: Regaining the Muscle-Memory of Leadership 202Arif Lalani

EUROPE AND RUS S I AEurope’s Perception of Canada, or Lack Thereof 213Marie Bernard-MeunierCanada and France: Past, Present, and Future 219Claude LaverdureChallenges and Opportunities in the European Union-Canada Relationship: A View from Berlin 225Karsten D. VoigtBetween Friends: Can Canada and Russia Open a New Chapter in Their Relations? 230Dimitry Ryurikov and Jeremy Kinsman

ARCTI CRethinking the Arctic: A New Agenda for Canada and the United States 245Donald McRae

INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONSCanada among [The United] Nations: A Personal Reflection 257Lakhdar BrahimiCanada at the United Nations: A Shadow of Its Former Self 265Louise Fréchette“The Old Order Changeth”: Canada and Economic Summitry 275Nicholas Bayne and Gordon SmithCanada and Global Financial Governance 284Eric Helleiner and Bessma Momani“Trade Policy Is [Still] Foreign Policy,” But It’s Not Sexy 292Robert WolfeCanada’s Contribution to Global Economic and Financial Governance 302Cyrus Rustomjee

ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENTNuclear Disarmament: Building a Conducive Environment 311Ernie RegehrCanada’s Role in Arms Control and Disarmament 321Jayantha Dhanapala

HUMAN RIGHTSHuman Rights and Canada’s Foreign Policy 333Kenneth Roth

DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE AND FOOD SECURITYCanadian Aid - More, Not Less, Is Needed 343Carolyn McAskieInnovating in Development 351Rohinton P. MedhoraResponding to the Food Crisis: The Untying of Canadian Food Aid 360Jennifer Clapp