8 Synthesized Model of Hope & OptimismGoal Attitude: Global belief that the act of pursuing goals is worth the effort required to do soGoal Attitude has two facets:Hope = Beliefs about the selfPathways = Appraisal of one’s abilitiesAgency = Appraisal of one’s available energy/motivationOptimism = Beliefs about the worldPositive Expectancy = There are good things in the world to approachNegative Expectancy = There are bad things in the world to avoid

11 Adult Hope Scale HOW TRUE IS EACH STATEMENT OF YOU1= Definitely False 4= Slightly False 5= Slightly True 8= Definitely True___ 1. I can think of many way to get out of a jam. P___ 2. There are lots of ways around any problem. P___ 3. I can think of many ways to get the things in life thatare important to me. P___ 4. Even when others get discouraged, I know I can finda way to solve the problem. P___ 5. I energetically pursue my goals. A___ 6. My past experiences have prepared me well for myfuture. A___ 7. I’ve been pretty successful in life. A___ 8. I meet the goals that I set for myself. A

12 Life Orientation Test-RevisedTo what extent is each item generally true for you1= Not True……………………………………………………5= Very True___ 1. In uncertain times, I usually expect the best. O___ 2. I’m always optimistic about my future. O___ 3. Overall I expect more good things to happen to me than bad. O___ 4. If something can go wrong for me it will. P___ 5. I hardly ever expect things to go my way. P___ 6. I rarely count on good things happening to me. P