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LIGHTING-UP TQUI
6.28 p.m.
TIDfcTABLE FOR OCTOBER
Date Hutu Water Low Water Bun- aua-
A.M. P.M. A.1T PM. rise *et
1145 — 5.21 ««w. esm s.»
0.06 12.39 6.12 7.16 6.18 5.57
VOL. 28—NO. 237
HAMILTON, BERMUDA THURSDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1948
MONDAY—FRIDAY 4D. PER COPT
SATURDAY - - . - 6D. PER COPY
Russia On Trial In U.N.
Western Powers Declare
"No Surrender lin Berlin
PARIS, Oct. 6 (Reuter).— While the Russian and Ukrainian
delegates remained grimly silent, the western powers today opened
their case against the Soviet Union ia the United Nations Security
Council, charging that the Russian blockade of Berlin constituted
a threat to world peace.
They heard the American delegate warn that'toe United States
Would take any measures necessary to remain in Berlin, but at-the
gHfrne time offer to call a Council of Foreign Ministers to discuss the
wRole German question if the blockade was lifted.
The Council adjourned after
the British, US. and French delegates spoke without taking any
decision. It is doubtful if it can
take any effective action, for although the Russians and Ukrainian megibers were present today
they are refusing to take any part
in the discussion, and Russia's abstaining from any vote would constitute a veto.
Until Mr. Vishinsky arrived —
20 minutes late — this morning
the possibility of another Soviet
walk-out was considered. Mr.
Vishinsky yesterday declared that
Russia would boycott the session, which he termed illegal.
DISCUSS POSSIBLE ACTION
Six members of the Council
which are not "interested parties"
in the dispute met privately today
to discuss possible action. They
were China, Argentina, Belgium,
Colombia, Canada and Syria.
The talks were of a very preliminary nature, it was understood, and were mostly confined
to a discussion of whether one or
more of the "neutral" parties
should introduce a resolution, and
what form it should take.
The Colombian delegation was
believed to have suggested. that
the Council might appoint a commission of inquiry. Such a step
would, however, be subject to a
S&viet veto.
American, British and French
delegates had talks with some ot
the other Council members to arrange for "neutral" meinbete-^ro
fc^lrry on the Council debate. So
no other delegate has elected
j speak.
"NO SURRENDER"
Dr. Philip Jessup, of the United
States, opened today's debate with
a firm declaration that America
would never surrender her rights
in Berlin. She would take any
measures necessary to remain
there, and her patience under
provocation should not be mistaken for weakness. She would
still be willing to negotiate with
Russia on the whole German
question at a meeting of the Council of Foreign Ministers, but the
blockade must be lifted before any
discussions could take place.
Giving the history of his Government's negotiations with the
Russians, Dr. Jessup said the
salient feature of the case was
that the Soviet blockade was still
maintained, "and thus continues
in existence the threat to peace
which is created."
He went on: "The Soviet Union
tnay pretend that it cannot understand why it can be charged with
the threat or use of force against
the United States, Britain and
France when a primary consequence of its action falls directly
and intentionally upon the civilian
population of Berlin, for Whose
wellbeing the three western occu-
pymg powers are responsible.
^STARVATION ATTACK
"That an effort should be made
to deprive two and a half million
men, women and children of
medicine, food, clothing and fuel,
to subject them to cold and star*
vation and disease, may seem to
some a small matter.
Continued on Page 12 ir-Mlf
Russian Firing in
Berlin Air Corridor
BERLIN, Oct. 6 (Reuter).
— The western powers' representatives in the Berlin
air safety centre protested
to the Russian authorities
today against four incidents
at ground-to-air and air-to-
air target practice by Russian forces in the Berlin air
corridor.
Insufficient notice of the
target practice was given
by the Russian controller,
who in some cases notified
the western authorities after
firing actually begun, the
Russians .were told.
**
Atom Bomb Ou* One Advantage
w
Russia Asked 3 Questions;
Told Why World Fears Her
New Dollar Loan
For British
Under JERP
WASHINGTON, Qfct 6 (R«l-
jery.ii- The J$ponomic Cooperation
Administration said today it iwas
ready to Ien<f Britain $3»0,«».000
and to grant smaller loans to tea
other countries.
Britain is to get tbe largest of
11 loans under the Eui-owpr • Recovery Programme which total
$815,000,000. J?5^1
Mr. Wayne Taylor, assistant
E.C.A. administrator, said all arrangements have been completed
and the loans will be granted as
soon as the 11 countries are formally notified. In general, he said,
the money will be used to buy
machinery.
GOVERNMENT WARNING
TO FRENCH STRIKERS
PARIS, Oct. 6 (Reuter).—Accusing Russia of causing fear to
spread over the world, Mr. Hector McNeil, Minister of State and
ehtef British delegate to the
United Nations, today put three
blunt questionfe'to the Soviet
Government on its attitude to
conrol of atomic energy.
The political committee of the
General Assembly, in which. Mr.
McNeil spoke, adjourned wlttiout
hearing an answer to the questions from Mr. Jako Malik, the
Soviet delegate.
Mr. McNeil asked: 1. If the
Russians agreed that an adequate
and fully effective system of control must be in operaatea before
the proposed convention to ban
atomic weapons was put into effect.
2. If they would accept the majority report of the atomic energy
commission as a general basis for
the convention.
. 9M they agreed that the work
of the international control agency
should1-not be subject to tbe veto.
Mr. McNeil said that if the
Soviet Government could answer
the first two questions satisfactorily he was "fairly certain we
could work out an answer to tbe
thfe"d."
WHY SOVIET IS FEARED
- In his attack on Russia Mr.
McNeil declared: "Who should
not fear a power, a great power,
which has acquired Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ruthenia, the
eastern half of Poland, tbe Ktmte
Islands, northern Sakhalein and
ore-sided treaty rights in Fort:
Arthur?
"Which holds in thrall Poland,
Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Rumania, Hungary, Albania and—at
any rate until recently—Yugoslavia; which incites and en*
courages rebellion in Greece and
Indonesia, sets siege to Berlin,
daily terrifies Turkey and Persia;
whose adherents* bpast that they
'lave Trojan horses within every
European country and who foment strife in every non-self-
governing territory, battening
and fattening-upon misery, hunger
and disorder whenever it can be
fomented?"
Mr. McNeil continued: "Are
these the vestments of the peacemaker, the virtues ' and chapac-
terisitfes of a good neighbour?,
"Is it one of an alleged m
anical majority (the western
powers) who terrify or threaten
war?
"OUR ONE ADVANTAGE"
"We are asked to yield th»s
one apparent advantage (the se-
crets of atomic energy) to a state
swollen witii all these gains, about
whose armament we know next
to nothing and are not permitted
to know anything.
Continued on Page 8 I
SU "Red* Prober May
Be Probed Himself
WASHINGTON, Oct. 6
(Reuter).—The Justice De-
partment has asked the
Federal Bureau of Investigation to make a preliminary
inquiry hath charges regarding the way Representative J. Parnell Thomas,
(R., N.J.) has operated His
Congressional office.
The Department acted on
a request from 17 New Jersey attorneys for an investigation of published charges
that there have beenirreg-
| ularities in the emoloyment
of Mr. Thomas's staff. Mr.
Thomas is chairman of the
House committee. of un-
American acti v ities.
A preliminary check by
the F.B.I, is ttie usual procedure in such cases. The
F.B.I, determines whether
there is any indication' of
law violations warranting
Justice Department action.
RUSSIA CHARGES WORLD
BANK TOOL OF U.S.
Says Loans Are Refused
Non-Marshall Plan States
Ally in Opposing Communism
U.S. May? Seek Recognition
Of Spain in United Nations
ARMED AID FOR EUROPE:
U.S. AWAITS DETAILS
WASHINGTON, Oct. 6 (Reuter).—Mr. Robert Lovett, acting
Secretary of State, declared today that the United States Government was Mill awaitiBg^ffilal
decisions on the part of Western
Uhi«5n government before reaching a conclusion on the question
of American military aid to Europe.
He told a press conference that
with Congressional assent needed
to any such programme it would
..be "some time" before it could
wrfse completed.
He also insisted that American
aid would only be supplementary
aud not a substitute for European
countries' own efforts.
Mr. Lovett recalled that Presi»
dent Truman welcomed signature
of the Brussels pact last March
and that member countries of the
jiact had since been working on
details of common defence and
security.
The five Western Union nations had invited Canada and the
United States to send observers
to, their deliberations and it was
hoped shortly to receive details
of tpe extent to which the Brussels signatories had decided they
coidd "reasonably be expected
to help each other and themselves."
320,000 Miners StiO Out
And Industry Threatened
PARIS, Oct. 6 (Reuter).—M.
Robert Lacoste, the French Minister of Industry and Commerce,
told the country's 320,000 striking miners in a broadcast tonigl.t
that the Government would break
off negotiations with their unions
unless they ended their three-
day-old. strike.
The Government was "determined to take all necessary
measures," he declared.
The question of prices and
wages could not be settled by
"an unlimited strike," which could
only make "the solution of this
great problem impossible."
"There is still time despite a
world of difficulties to reach a
solution," he added. "Tomorrow
it will be too late."
M. Lacoste announced immediate electricity cuts in some big
industries because of the strike.
'^Che Ministry of the Interior
reported tonight that some of the
mines bad returned to work, but
although {be non-Communist
unions—not more than 20 per
cent of the miners—have now
dissociated themselves from Joe
strike they were net prepared $o
ask their members to go through
the pithead picket lines.
The atmosphere in the strikebound northern coalfields was
reported tonight to be "tense"
but without incidents.
Continued on Page 2
Motorist Alleges
Cadets Fired
Shots
Mr. Arthur Rowe Spurling, of
Pembroke, Was motoring near The
Reefs, Southampton, last night,
with his aged mother in his car,
when, he alleges, a number of
cadets in uniform and dungarees
iired shots from the hedges and
then surrounded the vehirakf. "
His mother is in poor, health,
and he protested. As he dftSVe off,
he says, further shots were fired.
"Cadets have no j right to interfere with motorists in this
way," Mr.;-Spurting told The
Royal Gazette lsistH$ght. "My
aged mother is in delicate health
—she suffers from her heart—and
tier life might have ween endangered."
Mr. Spurling has lodged a complaint with the police.
WASHINGTON, Oct. 6 (Reuter).— Mr. Robert Lovett, acting
United States Secretary of State,
forecast today that the question
■Df United Nations recognition of
Spain would probably come up
for discussion again at the current General Assembly meeting
in Paris.
At present most United Nations
member states have withdrawn
the heads of their doplomatic
missions from Spain in accordance with a U.N. General Assembly resolution which expressed
disapproval of the Franco regime.
U.S. initiative ih getting a reconsideration of the U.N. attitude
and bringing Spain into western
European defence against Communism has been expected sinee
the recent visit to Spain of Senator . Chan Gurney, chairman of
the Senate armed services committee, and high-ranking officers
of the American forces. Senator
Gurney had conversations with
General Franco, tbe Spanish dictator, and the Spanish chief of
staff.
On his return to the United
States after bis visit Senator Gurney said: "Any country that opposes Communism is a friend of
•ours." He urged .that Spain be
included in American military aid
to Europe and the European Recovery Programme.
LONDON, Oct. 6 (Reuter).— A
Foreign Office spokesman today
denied a report that the United
States Secretary of State (Mr.
George Marshall) had sought
British and French cooperation to
have rescinded the United Nations motion asking member states
to withdraw the heads of their
diplomatic missions irom Spain,
The spokesman said Mr. Marshall had not sought Mr. Bevin's
agreement to such a move, as
had been reported in the United
States press.
It is suggested in London that
if one of the Latin American
Continued on Page 7
CAR CRASislMOUGH
RAIL INTO SEA
SECURITY PROBE OF
AUSTRALIAN MPs
Premier's Order Following
Secret Revelations
A private saloon car, which had
crashed through a wooden rail,
down a steep bank into the sea,
was discovered by the police late
last night at Red Hole, Paget.
There was no one in the car,
which was partly submerged in
the water, but had its front and
rear lights still burning.
The police were passing in a
motor vehicle when they noticed,
the abandoned car—P5716. The
registered owner is given as Mr.
Angelo J. Jaglio, of Woodlands
Road, Pembroke, but he could not
be contacted last night.
A crane will be needed to lift
the car back on to the roadway. r
CANBERRA, Oct. 6 (Reuter).—
Mr. Arthur Fadden, Australian
Country party leader, today described as a threat to parliamentary
privilege tbe action of Premier
Joseph Chifley in directing the
Sectcrit*' Department to investigate activities of members of Parliament.
Earlier in the House of Representatives, Mr. Chifley had announced that the Security Department was investigating the
possession by Mr. Fadden of a
confidental document, alleged to
'nave been stolen, giving details
of talks between Mr. Chifley and
the British Cabinet on August 7.
The document was produced by
Mr. Fadden in Parliament last
week. Mr. Chifley.said the Secur-
!ty Department had also been told
to find out htow information about
the document could get into tiie
'possession of "at least a number
of people in Parliament only oh
privilege" (meaning the press).
The Premier added that the investigation would bring into the
let pacliamentarians and otherindividuals.
Speaking later outside Parliament Mr. Fadden said: "Mr. Cm-
leys"threat th&t the investigation
service will superyiSe the activities of members of Parliament
discloses an extraordinary paradox. »
"Events have demonstrated the
urgent need is to Intensify the
security supervision of subversive
Communist activities.
"But "the Prime Minister is
evidently prepared to divert" security officers from this work to
trail members of the opposition
attempting to see that effeimve
measures are introduced to deal
with Communists."
The acting leader of the opposition, Mr. D. J, Harrison, said Wit-
side Parliament that the move was
an "initial step in the establishment of a secret potiticSl police."
^SIANSTOan' ARMY
ST^FF IN GERMANY
BERLIN, Oct. 6 (Reuter).—
The Soviet' military adSinistra-
tion in Germany has decided to
cut its staff by more than 20 per
cent, the Sovi^lieensed upPif
agency reported tonight.
What was described as & "considerable cut in personoii" had
already taken place during the
first seven months of 1948, the
agency said.
PARIS, Oct. 6 (Reuter).—Russia today accused the United Nat-
Ions World Bank and International
Monetary Fund of "flagrant violation" of its own charter and discrimination against European
Bguntries which had not joined
' Marshall Plan.
The Soviet delegate to the economic committee of the General
Assembly, Mr. Alexander Bogo-
molov, declared that the Bank
and the Fund were being distorted to serve the {flan.
"The present aggressive mtii-.
tary plans of the United States
are the inevitable supplement of
the Marshall Plan," he said. One
of the aims of the plan he added,
was to increase the military potential of western Germany.
He said that certain industrial
powers discriminated in their
trade agreements against European
countries which had not joined
in the Marshal Plan,-end he
claimed that this discrimination
was reflected in the policies of the
International Bank and Monetary
Fund. As an illustration of this he
cited the fact that the Bank had
not yet granted Poland's application for a lean, while according
a loan of $195,000,000 to the Netherlands.
"This is a flagrant example of
violation of the Bank's charter,
which sets out that -no political
factors ^Hihbttld determine the
granting of credits," Mr. Bogo-
molov said.
FINN COMMUNISTS ARE
JEERED IN PARLIAMENT
Charge Anti-Soviet Policy
But Meet Shattering Defeat
Special through Beuter
HELSINKI, Oct. 6.—Finland's
Communists went down in defeat
amid jeers and laughter in Parliament today as their savage assault on the Government was
smashed against a solid wall formed by the other parties. The Social Democrat minority Government set up after that last July's
elections survived its first test, receiving a vote of confidence 147 to
35.
The vote followed a debate on
national policy that lasted until
after midnight. The galleries were
crowded.
The Communists charged that
sinee the present Government took
office two months ago relations
with, the Soviet Union had deteriorated. They also accused the
Government of failing to carry
out the peace terms.
No sooner had the Communist
resolution been presented yesterday than Premier Karl August
Fagerholm announced he would
answer it immediately. His -swift
action set a new record in parliamentary annals. It took his
foes completely off guard and the
non-Communist press heartily
congratulated him on launching
his counter attack before the Communists were prepared to receive
it,
Madame Hertta Kuusinen Leino,
leader of the Communist bloc,
complained that by its immediate
response the Government had
violated parliamentary procedure.
This complaint excited one qf the
many outbursts of laughter which
greeted Communist spokesmen as
they vainly tried to dent tbe Governments armour.
Point by Point the PremJ^
blasted the Communist charges of
treaty breaches and declared:
"There is no indication that our
country'* international position or
our relations With the Soviet Un-
ioh to particular have perceptibly deteriorated during the two
months.tiie present Government
has held office.
*''"Unfavourable statements about
our country have been published
in the Soviet press it is true, but*
the said statements must be viewed as based on information -conducive to erroneous conceptions
given by local sources." i£frs$%
NEW STAFF ENGAGED AT
THE RIDGEWAY HOME
English Couple Coming To
Reopen Home Shortly
MATRON TRAINED NURSE;
HUSBAND EX-ARMY MAN
The Ridgeway Children's Home
is expeeted to re-open shortly following the arrival from England
of Captain and Mrs, Hill who
were engaged to rim the institution by Lady Hall during her
recent Jjiip to England.
"I fell ywe are very lucky to
get them since -they are a very
nice couple who, in addition to
having the highest qualifications,
also have attractive personalities
which please everyone they
meet," Lady Hall said yesterday.
The. couple will fly to Bermuda as soon as the Colonial Office can make arrangements for
their departure. Lady Hall got
in touch with them through the
Welfare Department of the Colonial Office, 'Which also arranged
for her to interview several other
applicants for the job.
TRAINED NURSE
Lady Hall explained that Mrs.
HiU was a trained nurse who
had considerable experience
working in children's hospitals
and had also run a mess catering to about 400 persons in India
while her husband was stationed
there with the British Army.
Mrs. Hill will be matron of
.the Home, which was closed some
time ago for lack of staff, and
Capt. Hill, now-retired from the
army, will handle the accounts
and garden ■ as well as supervising tbe children and arranging
sports activities for them. The
couple have no children of their
own.
There were 16 children at the
Home when it was closed and it
is expected that there wtil be a
few more when the Home reopens.
"We will all have to get behind
Capt. and Mrs. Hill and give them
our support," Lady Hall said.
"Mrs. Hill is a very capable and
experienced person, hut coming
to a strange place will be hard
for them at first and they must
be sure of the co-operation and
backing of the community."
ftTLOAN TO ISRAEL
WILL NOT BE GRANTED
WASHINGTON, Oct. 6 (Reutert
—Proposals for a $100,000,000 Ex-
port-Import Bank loan to Israel
have been .shelved, it was learned
today. Consideration was being
given instead to the financing of
special projects in the new state,
it was added.
The loan was originally requested shortly after Israel won her
independence. The reason for
its being dropped, it is understood,
is belief that currently disturbed
conditions in the country make it
a bad risk:
Sheffield Cruise Did Much
p To Further Friendships s
The recent cruise ef H.M.S.
Sheffield, flagship of tile America
and West Indies Squadron, was a
great success and did much to
foster friendship between Britain
and the countries of the Western
lemisphere. Vice-Admiral Sir
William Tennant, Commander-in-
Chief of the squadron, said yesterdav.
The Sheffield left Bermuda
towards the end of June and
travelled up the west coast of
the United States apd Canada
after passing through the Panama
Canal. She returned on Monday.
Admiral Tennant said that tiie
cruiser, which has a complement
of 750 men, had cowered 12,300
miles on the cruise.
"It was fully successful," he
added, "and I have received,
three times, the thanks of either
the Foreign Secretary or tbe
Prime Minister for the good work
of the ships of the Squadron bt
improving our relations with the
countries that we visited."
Throughout the cruise, Admiral
Tennant added, he was gratified
at tbe hospitality and friendliness
extended to the ship's company.
"Mexico made almost an international meeting of our visit,"
he declared, adding that a reception given there was attended by
800 guests.
"In America I was surprised
at the generosity of the speeches
made by people there," he added.
A feature of the trip was the
ceremonies in which awards were
made to people on behalf of His
Majesty the King for their services in co-operation with Britain,
the largest ceremony being at
San Francisco where the decorations were presented by Mr. E.
W. Meiklereid, tike British Consul
General in the city. Thirty
awards, including two K.C.B.'s,
wpre made on that occasion.
In Los Angeles, where the
British film-stars west out off
theh- way to entertain the ship,
the Consul General, Mr. P. H.
Uadow, said in a speech thai; he
could think of no better way of
fostering friendship between Britain and America than by visits
by such ships as Sheffield.
Admiral Tennant declared that
as a result of tiie voyage he" had
reached the conclusion tbat British Columbia was the part of tbe
Western hemisphere most akin to
the United Kingdom..
BY FAR MOST BRITISH
"It is by far the most British
and seemed to be linked much
more closely than other places
with Britain,' he stated.
When approaching British Columbia, Sheffield profited by exercises with ships of the Royal
Canadian Navy. They lasted a
day and a half before the arrival
in British Columbia and wen
followed by more, lasting one
day, when the ship left the
province.
Continued •■ Page 4
Britain Says "Hands Off"
Western Colonies
Flamingo Wins Princess
Elizabeth Cap
Adding a victory yesterday worth 11% pointe, Flamingo, skippered by Mac
Paschal with Sydney Greet
as crew, won the Princess
Elizabeth Cup on a total of
55% points. .
In second position in tto
totals was H.G.B. with 49 Vt
points. This dinghy finished
fourth in yesterday's race.
Fox( finishing second yesterday, was placed fifth in
the totals. Water Baby, with
a fifth place yesterday, finished the series in third
position.
Full details of the last race
of the Princess Elizabeth
Cup series will be found on
the sports page.
Railway Stock Gets Trial
Ron in British Guiana
While the Salisbury Construction Company Is removing the
last of the railway equipment
from Bermuda, the rolling stock
which was shipped to British
Guiana some time ago is being
given a trial run.
According to a recent article in
the Trinidad Sunday Guardian,
"a number of self-propelled cars,
diesel and gasoline locomotives
and other rolling stock" were put
on trial runs.
It was stated by Mr. C. H. Lord,
of the British Guiana railway
system, that the equipment purchased from Bermuda would relieve the "present strain" on their
rolling stock, and would also relieve overcrowding on the trains.
The former Bermuda railway
was sold to British Guiana last
year, and iff removal was begun
in Jam»ry. Three shiploads of
railway equipment have reached
British Guiana and a fourth is to
go this week.
Special tbrough Reuter
LONDON, Oct. 6.—The Colonial
Secretary (Mr. Arthur Creech
Jones) has served notiee that
Britain will not stand for any
outside investigation into its
valuable territorial holdings in
the western hemisphere.
A "hands off" policy is laid
down in a message from tite
Colonial Secretary to Governors
of various British West Indian
possessions in which he announced the Government's views
on decisions reached at the ninth
international conference of American states at Bogota, Colombia,
earlier this year.
One decision was to set up a
commission to study the problems of dependent territories.
In his message to Governors
Mr.. Creech Jones saud that tiie
commission, which hits not yet
been established, would not include representatives of British
colonies. The proposed investigation 'could hardly fail to cover
matters which are solely the domestic concern of those colonies."
British policy, the Coloniay Secretary said, was "to assist the
progress of all colonial peoples
toward tiie ultimate goal of self-
government within the British
Commonwealth."
But the avowed intention of
the proposed commission, he
warned, was to "bring about
changes in, the status of British
colonies in the western' hemisphere whieh would not only subject some to the dominion of those
countries which have already laid
claim to sovereignty over them
but would compel the others,
again without regard to tite
wishes of the inhabitants, to sever
their connection with the. British
Commonwealth."
Mr. Creech Jones requested
Governors to make the contents
of his message known to all colonial peoples concerned, on tite
ground that it was impojrtant
they should understand the British Goverajsoent's views on th»
commission's real aims.
AUTHOR OF SEA STORIES
ON HOLIDAY HERE
Mr. €. S. Forrester Arrived
On H.M.S. Sheffield
Mr. C. S. Forrester, author of
the Horatio Hornblower sea
novels, is vacationing for a few
days in Bermuda and, as is befitting to a writer of sea stories,
he arrived on board H.M.S. Sheffield.
It all came about when Mr. For- .
rester, who lives in California,
saw the Sheffield while sbe was
on her summer cruise up the
West Coast of America. In his
own words; "I just couldn't resist signing on as a passenger to
Bermuda."
And for Hornblower fans it is
perhaps a good job Mr. Forrester
did take a trip on tbe Sheffield.
As a result of finding himself
mixed up Witti the wardroom and
the general atmosphere and "culture" of a Navy ship aga'in, Mr.
Forrester thinks he may now be
able to get a much postponed
convoy book written. The book
was planned in the latter stages
of the war when Mr. Forrester
was an observer with the ILS,
Navy and the Royal Navy. But
somehow it never got written. ~-
"This trip has done me good.
Getting back in the atmosphere
and among the noises of a ship
has re-awakened my interest anid
I want to get to work on tite
convoy book now," he said.
Mr. Forrester will stay in the
Colony a few days and will then
return to the West Coast by plane.
Mr. Forrester became a writer
after he had "miserably failed
as a medical student." He started
writing short stories and then
in 1933, at the time of the film
revolution in Hollywood when
sitent films died tied "talkies" became the vogue, he went West
from his native England. He became a script 'Writer in HoUywood through his good friend
Hugh Walpole and he has made
his home In California ever since,
although he is still a British subject.
In 1935 Mt. Forrester took a
trip to South and Central America
on a Swedish freighter. It was
at the time of the coffee crop and
the freighter called in every small
port she could find delivering
coffee. There were many delays
and for more than a month Mr.
Forrester was exposed to the life
of a seaman on a small ship. By
tbe time the ship reached, its destination in England the plot for
the first "Hornblower" book was
well framed. Under the title of
"Captain Horatio Hornblower** it
was three stories in one and it
was acclaimed as a best seller
immediately. There -followed
more "Hornblower" books including "Commodore Hornblower" and "Lord Hornblower."
Asked it he bad modelled Captain Hornblower on any particular person, Mr. Forrester told
a reporter last night that he had
not.
"I have always been deeply interested in the psychology of
command and it- was the commander who had to tease himself
to command that interested me
most. A man born to command
is dull but a man who is introspective and has to tease himself
to command all the time — there
is a character worth examining"
Another book entitled "The
Ship" was a world war II story
about a destroyer chasing tiie
Italian Navy. After its publication the Admiralty in London
gave Mr. Forrester the free rui>
of the Royal Navy to travel with
and observe them in action.
Since the war he has written a
new and different book called
'*!rate Sky and the Forest" which
has just been the choice of the
Book of The Month Club in
America and the choice of the
Book Society in England. It is
Continue*! ■■ Page 2
HOPE TO TOW LEICESTER
INTO HARBOUR SOON
A gang of two dozen labourers
are working on board the crippled
freighter "Leicester" in Murrw'si
Anchorage, shifting the stone ballast, and it is hoped that within"
the next few days the ship will
be sufficiently righted to be tow->
ed into St George's Harbour.
A small quantity of the ballast
has been dumped into the sea and
a large part ai ft has been shifted
from the low side to the high
side of the vessel. The ship is still
listing badly awl tiie tug Foundation Josephine is still standing by.
When the ship is righted sufficiently and has a shallower draught
tugs wfll go alongside and steer
her into St. George's Harbour,
where an inspection will be made.
An official of the New Zealand
Shipping Company, whieh owns
the vessel, said last night: "The
operations are being executed satisfactorily and we hope to have
the ship in St. George's Harbour
soon." ... *

LIGHTING-UP TQUI
6.28 p.m.
TIDfcTABLE FOR OCTOBER
Date Hutu Water Low Water Bun- aua-
A.M. P.M. A.1T PM. rise *et
1145 — 5.21 ««w. esm s.»
0.06 12.39 6.12 7.16 6.18 5.57
VOL. 28—NO. 237
HAMILTON, BERMUDA THURSDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1948
MONDAY—FRIDAY 4D. PER COPT
SATURDAY - - . - 6D. PER COPY
Russia On Trial In U.N.
Western Powers Declare
"No Surrender lin Berlin
PARIS, Oct. 6 (Reuter).— While the Russian and Ukrainian
delegates remained grimly silent, the western powers today opened
their case against the Soviet Union ia the United Nations Security
Council, charging that the Russian blockade of Berlin constituted
a threat to world peace.
They heard the American delegate warn that'toe United States
Would take any measures necessary to remain in Berlin, but at-the
gHfrne time offer to call a Council of Foreign Ministers to discuss the
wRole German question if the blockade was lifted.
The Council adjourned after
the British, US. and French delegates spoke without taking any
decision. It is doubtful if it can
take any effective action, for although the Russians and Ukrainian megibers were present today
they are refusing to take any part
in the discussion, and Russia's abstaining from any vote would constitute a veto.
Until Mr. Vishinsky arrived —
20 minutes late — this morning
the possibility of another Soviet
walk-out was considered. Mr.
Vishinsky yesterday declared that
Russia would boycott the session, which he termed illegal.
DISCUSS POSSIBLE ACTION
Six members of the Council
which are not "interested parties"
in the dispute met privately today
to discuss possible action. They
were China, Argentina, Belgium,
Colombia, Canada and Syria.
The talks were of a very preliminary nature, it was understood, and were mostly confined
to a discussion of whether one or
more of the "neutral" parties
should introduce a resolution, and
what form it should take.
The Colombian delegation was
believed to have suggested. that
the Council might appoint a commission of inquiry. Such a step
would, however, be subject to a
S&viet veto.
American, British and French
delegates had talks with some ot
the other Council members to arrange for "neutral" meinbete-^ro
fc^lrry on the Council debate. So
no other delegate has elected
j speak.
"NO SURRENDER"
Dr. Philip Jessup, of the United
States, opened today's debate with
a firm declaration that America
would never surrender her rights
in Berlin. She would take any
measures necessary to remain
there, and her patience under
provocation should not be mistaken for weakness. She would
still be willing to negotiate with
Russia on the whole German
question at a meeting of the Council of Foreign Ministers, but the
blockade must be lifted before any
discussions could take place.
Giving the history of his Government's negotiations with the
Russians, Dr. Jessup said the
salient feature of the case was
that the Soviet blockade was still
maintained, "and thus continues
in existence the threat to peace
which is created."
He went on: "The Soviet Union
tnay pretend that it cannot understand why it can be charged with
the threat or use of force against
the United States, Britain and
France when a primary consequence of its action falls directly
and intentionally upon the civilian
population of Berlin, for Whose
wellbeing the three western occu-
pymg powers are responsible.
^STARVATION ATTACK
"That an effort should be made
to deprive two and a half million
men, women and children of
medicine, food, clothing and fuel,
to subject them to cold and star*
vation and disease, may seem to
some a small matter.
Continued on Page 12 ir-Mlf
Russian Firing in
Berlin Air Corridor
BERLIN, Oct. 6 (Reuter).
— The western powers' representatives in the Berlin
air safety centre protested
to the Russian authorities
today against four incidents
at ground-to-air and air-to-
air target practice by Russian forces in the Berlin air
corridor.
Insufficient notice of the
target practice was given
by the Russian controller,
who in some cases notified
the western authorities after
firing actually begun, the
Russians .were told.
**
Atom Bomb Ou* One Advantage
w
Russia Asked 3 Questions;
Told Why World Fears Her
New Dollar Loan
For British
Under JERP
WASHINGTON, Qfct 6 (R«l-
jery.ii- The J$ponomic Cooperation
Administration said today it iwas
ready to Ien
of the Royal Navy to travel with
and observe them in action.
Since the war he has written a
new and different book called
'*!rate Sky and the Forest" which
has just been the choice of the
Book of The Month Club in
America and the choice of the
Book Society in England. It is
Continue*! ■■ Page 2
HOPE TO TOW LEICESTER
INTO HARBOUR SOON
A gang of two dozen labourers
are working on board the crippled
freighter "Leicester" in Murrw'si
Anchorage, shifting the stone ballast, and it is hoped that within"
the next few days the ship will
be sufficiently righted to be tow->
ed into St George's Harbour.
A small quantity of the ballast
has been dumped into the sea and
a large part ai ft has been shifted
from the low side to the high
side of the vessel. The ship is still
listing badly awl tiie tug Foundation Josephine is still standing by.
When the ship is righted sufficiently and has a shallower draught
tugs wfll go alongside and steer
her into St. George's Harbour,
where an inspection will be made.
An official of the New Zealand
Shipping Company, whieh owns
the vessel, said last night: "The
operations are being executed satisfactorily and we hope to have
the ship in St. George's Harbour
soon." ... *