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Aim of study (acc. to author)

Background/further details:
In total, 280 experiments were conducted in which the exposure source, the distance between the source and fruit fly, and the duration were varied. Partially, different exposure sources were used simultaneously or consecutively (see "Field characteristics"). The experiment started with newly emerged flies in glass vials, males and females seperately, respectively. After three days, male and female flies were transferred into a common vial for mating. Exposure was performed with the start of the experiment (otherwise stated). To assess the number of viableF1 pupae, parent flies were removed at the sixth day of exposure (or later if exposure lasted more than six days). The vials with the developing embryos were kept in a culture room to count the number of F1 pupae developed in every vial until day 22 of the experiment. For detection of apoptosis in follicles, adult female flies were removed out of the vial five hours after the last exposure and anesthetized for removing the ovaries.