London: Cadell & Davies, 1817. Map of the Finnish/Swedish borders, centred on Tornio, a town on the river Torne in Lapland, often a staging post for expeditions into the European Arctic. Although Tornio is on the west bank of the river Torne, the river that marks the Finnish/Swedish border, the town is part of Finland. After the 1808 war between Sweden and Russia, in which the Russians gained Finland, the new border was altered to include the town on the Russian side on the insistence of the Russian tzar.MUTL0001

Nuremberg, c.1729. South-east Norway, with Christiania (Oslo). The vignette filling the height of the plate is of great interest: it is a cross-section of a mountain, cut away to demonstate various mining techniques: a watermill pumps out water, which is panned in a shallow bed; another wheel with a man inside lifts ore to be carted to a furnace to be smelted; and a hand-crank lifts a miner to the surface.HOMA0025

London: Mount & Page, c.1750. Sea chart of the west coast of Norway, from Bergen to Horrel, orientated with north to the left, first published in Thornton's 'The sea-atlas: containing an hydrographical description of most of the sea-coasts of the known parts of the world', c.1705.THOR0001

Amsterdam, Johannes Jansson à Waesberg & Moses Pitt, c.1682. An uncommon issue of Jansson's map of the area around Bergen, first issued 1658. After Jansson's death in 1664 the plate came into the possession of his son-in-law, Jan Jansson van Waesbergen, who republished it in collaboration with the Englishman Moses Pitt in the 1680s, as this example, with grid lines added.JANS0072