Abstract

Background: Improving the rationality of antibiotic use is one approach to reduce the resistance of microorganisms. There is still an irrational use of antibiotic at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, thus it is important to optimize the antibiotic use, particularly in Paediatrics Department because of worry that the doctors cannot distinguish the bacterial and nonbacterial infections. The antibiotic use also has to be optimized due to the effort to lessen the antibiotic cost. This research was conducted to determine the effect of training on changes in the rationality of antibiotic use and antibiotic cost.
Methods: This research used quasy experimental pre-test and post-test design. The subjects, the patients of Paediatrics ward in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, were considered in pairs. The effect of training on the rationality of antibiotic use in 67 pairs of prescriptions was evaluated by two reviewers using modified Gyssens’ Criteria. The influence of training towards antibiotic cost conducted in 54 pairs of patients. The statistical analysis used McNemar and Wilcoxon test respectively.
Result: The rationality of antibiotic use increased by 9% (p=0.3 and p=0.2) while total antibiotic cost increased by 29% after training (p=0.5).
Conclusion: The training at Paediatrics Department of Dr. Kariadi Hospital could increase the rationality of antibiotic use, but could not reduce the antibiotic cost. It is important to do sustainable interventions to improve the rationality of antibiotic use and research on antibiotic cost to the patients with similar condition before and after training.