Highly folded, vascularised, suprabranchial accessory breathing organ formed via extension of the first epibranchial bone and used to respire atmospheric oxygen. Found in all members of the freshwater fish suborder Anabantoidei.

Bony process or plate at the base of the first ( unbranched ) and second ( first branched ) ray of the pectoral-fin in most male specimens of the family Cobitidae. It is also known as ‘Canestrini’s scale’.