Then for \(\left| x \right| \lt R\) the function \(f\left( x \right) = \sum\limits_{n = 0}^\infty {{a_n}{x^n}} \) is continuous. The power series can be differentiated term-by-term inside the interval of convergence. The derivative of the power series exists and is given by the formula

This is a geometric series with ratio \(x.\) Therefore, it converges for \(\left| x \right| \lt 1.\) The sum of the series is \({\large\frac{1}{{1 – x}}\normalsize}.\) Substituting \(-x\) for \(x,\) we have