How to compile ezstream from source

Debian Stretch’s version of ezstream is currently a bit out of date. Here is how you compile ezstream from source to get the latest improvements and bugfixes. Not even the INSTALL file in the ezstream repo has all the steps:

Note that the configuration file structure has changed from what can be found on older blog posts on the internet. For example, to pipe OGG Vorbis data into ezstream without re-encoding, you can use something like
teststream.xml:

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<ezstream>

<server>

<hostname>media.example.com</hostname>

<password>hackme</password>

</server>

<stream>

<mountpoint>test.ogg</mountpoint>

<format>Vorbis</format>

</stream>

<media>

<type>stdin</type>

<filename>stdin</filename>

<stream_once>1</stream_once>

</media>

</ezstream>

Then, to stream 30 seconds of brown noise with a sine sweep to an Icecast server for testing purposes: