​​A Tie Beam is a horizontal beam used to prevent two other structural members from spreading apart or separating. The tie beam is constructed with a long thick piece of wood or metal or formed reinforced concrete. A Rake Beam is a cast-in-place bond beam that slopes with the roof. The location of the stair steps for the masonry will be determined by how deep you designate that concrete sloped beam (raked or bond beam , and the slope of the roof that the top of the concrete tie beam has to follow. Column Pads are reinforced concrete foundations and are generally rectangular or square foundation to transfer load from structure to the ground.