This paper reviews the literature related to the learning and teaching of debugging computer programs. Debugging is an important skill that continues to be both difficult for novice programmers to learn and challenging for ...

Debugging is often difficult and frustrating for novices. Yet because students typically debug outside the classroom and often in isolation, instructors rarely have the opportunity to closely observe students while they ...

A qualitative analysis of debugging strategies of novice Java programmers is presented. The study involved 21 CS2 students from seven universities in the U.S. and U.K. Subjects 'warmed up' by coding a solution to a typical ...

Hierarchical multilabel classification (HMC) is a variant of classification where instances may belong to multiple classes organized in a hierarchy. The task is relevant for several application domains. This paper presents ...

Functional modeling languages have been used to describe processes that react to discrete external events and remain in a constant state until another such event stimulates a change in system state, and are deficient in ...

Over the last four years we have developed five sailing robots of various sizes with the intention of performing long term ocean monitoring. These have demonstrated that a sailing robot could potentially perform long term ...

The worldwide population of elderly people is growing rapidly and in the coming decades the proportion of older people in the developed countries will change significantly. This demographic shift will create a huge increase ...

Combating identity fraud is prominent and urgent since false identity has become the common denominator of all serious crime. Typical approaches to detecting false identity rely on the similarity measure of text-based ...

Abstract
Mammographic risk assessment is concerned with estimating the probability of a
woman developing breast cancer. The aim is to improve the likelihood of early
detection of breast cancers. The leading factor in ...

Xray imaging is a well established technique of detecting strongly attenuating materials and has been applied to a number of inspection applications within the agricultural and food industries. However, there are still ...

Abstract
Unlike traditional 2D images, which are projections of the real world onto a two-dimensional surface, 3D images express the geometry of the objects of interest directly in terms of a set of points, a mesh, or a ...

Harmony search is a recently developed meta heuristic capable of solving discrete and continuous valued optimisation problems. However, the nature of pre-defined constant parameters limits the exploitation of the algorithm. ...

Aerial photographs and images are used by a variety of industries, including farming, landscaping, surveying, and agriculture, as well as academic researchers including archaeologists and geologists. Aerial imagery can ...

With autonomous robotic systems increasingly being used for various tasks including research projects, their ability to operate away from their ideal laboratory environment comes into question. Whilst long term autonomous ...

With the increase in use of autonomous robotic systems for various tasks, including research projects, their ability to operate away from their ideal laboratory environment comes into question. Whilst long term autonomous ...

In this paper, we show how a simulated humanoid robot controlled by an artificial neural network can acquire the ability to manipulate spherical objects located over a table by reaching, grasping, and lifting them. The ...