Internet Protocols

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries, organized in abstraction layers, traditionally called "Link," "Internet," "Transport" and "Application”. Its routing function enables internetworking, and essentially establishes the Internet. IP defines packet structures that encapsulate the data to be delivered. It also defines addressing methods that are used to label the datagram with source and destination information.

My provider just visit my office and configure my modem to also connect 5G (the modem is an ARRIS model TG1662G that support 2.4GHz and 5GHz). To my understanding 5G networks are not yet standard ir still in progress for full implementation due to additional "cell towers" for smaller or closer knit network (I am not too familiar with 5G phase is in at this moment). The tech who did this configuration insisted that the infrastructure is already installed and since I with my team is located in a project in Central America, I doubt this region has done this installation for their users. I did call the ISP and they did confirmed that it still in 4G, no 5G in near future. My question is if there is no 5G network, how is it that the modem is configure to 5G and working fine?

Does anyone know what RADB routes are? We are requesting a LAN public IP from the Internet carrier that was promised. Now they give us run around saying the route set belongs to RADB and they cannot update RADB route sets. If the customer wants their prefix [1.1.1.0/24] to be routed via BGP, they would need to contact RADB to have them update their route set.
We do not need a BGP. Just requesting a public LAN IP address.

Does anyone know what does prefix belongs to radb mean? I'm running the Whois and looks like the prefix belongs to my internet carrier. Not to radb some sort.
Does the carrier give me a BS runaround on this? It feels like it :)

I am looking for a tool with which Internet traffic can be monitored and logged (OS Windows 7). Resmon displays the active applications, and how much Internet volume each one uses up, but this information is not available at a later point in time. Internet access in this case is over a mobile WLAN box equipped with a SIM card, and the mobile network operator sets a monthly data volume, which was unexpectedly used up by an unknown application.

This is a TOUGH ONE! I have a Dell 5810 workstation. I have a Dell M4800 laptop workstation. My isp is a radio link system. I have a POE box at my 5810 along with a new router. Anytime my isp dies I phone them and they say to disconnect the lan port that goes from the poe box to my router and connect it directly to my 5810 to eliminate everything except their system and my workstation. It has always been a good test and I always leave on only the workstation until the isp restores service. Then I hook it back up to my router and the workstation also to one of the router outputs. The problem now exists that when the workstation is hooked up normally to the router all is working well. However, when the poe lan outout is hooked ONLY to the workstation I do not get the internet. I get the error as shown in the attached file. What makes this so darn confusing is that if I hook the lan directly to the laptop it works fine. Dell pro support said all diagnostics say that everything is fine. My isp says everything is fine except when I am told to hook up only to my workstation. They said I definitely should get the internet no matter if I go through the router or direct to the lan port on the poe. I have no idea where to turn in this matter. I do not trust the computer anymore due to this. They suggest that it MIGHT be a bad motherboard even though diagnostics run fine. However they do not have the parts in stock to send to me. Dell does insist that it is some sort of network …

A long time ago I set up web / dns hosting for my domain and a bunch of clients. somewhere I saw the idea of rather than ns1.networksolutionsy.com (just an example, don't think that's the correct URL) , that you could set up ns1.yourdomain.com for the name servers - i think it's just a cname in my DNS zone? Actually looking now, it's an A record resolving to the IP of the web hosts' name server IPs.

But I remember there were some caveats / things to be aware of. I'm looking to change things and the name server will change.

Anyone know what the caveats are? Say I want to use godaddy's name servers for the different domains I control instead of networksolutions. Can i just get the IP addresses of the godaddy name servers and change the A records for ns1 and ns2 in my domain zone and then at least the other domains. but for my domain iteself? There was something about trying to resolve ns1.mydomain.com but it has to look up my name servers first.... and that's a vicious cycle?

Anyone know what I'm thinking of / what the resolution was? because it is workingl and has been for years

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I am facing strange problem in accessing websites . Some Sites are not opening in my laptop like hackforums.net and many others sites. But same sites are accessible when I install VMWARE Machine in same laptop .Kindly guide me what is the problem this is .Actual-OS.PNGVMWARE-OS.PNG

I'm working with a Cisco 1900 series router, Cisco 5520 ASA(firewall) and Dell Powerconnect 6224 switches.

Service has been confirmed up to the router. The line out of the router goes into the Cisco 5520 ASA (firewall). The line out the firewall goes into one of the Powerconnect Switches which are stacked (configured as master/slave (unit 1 & 2).

I can ping and connect to the switch from the Domain Controller but when I ping the Cisco 5520 (firewall) the reply I get is "Destination Host is Unreachable". I get the same reply from workstations.

When the problem began one of the PC 6224 switches would not come on so the cables plugged into it were moved to the other switch. Shortly after the switch that wasn't working came back on. The cables were then randomly moved back into the switch. I'm not sure if certain cables were designated for certain ports.

I have a gaming computer which doesn't have wifi capabilities. I can't use an ethernet cable because the router is in another room. An option I was looking at is powerline networking. I only did a brief Google search on this.

Can someone explain how exactly powerline networking works?

How safe is it in terms of surges and possible fires? I have a lot of stuff plugged in, having a gaming rig and all, but they're all on a surge protector.

I hear it's better than wifi but not better than ethernet. Is this true?

I am seeking a program that will constantly monitor active internet access for me. I need it to check at programmable intervals to make sure the net is available. I would want to set mine for a check every minute or so. I am having difficulty with my isp going off for up to two minutes several times a day without warning. I need the program to be free or shareware. There are MANY available but would prefer a personal recommendation from an Expert that has had personal success with the program personally. Can any Expert recommend one to me?

I have a 6 year old Lenovo Ideapad P500, 6 gigs of RAM running Windows 10. I have a dedicated gigabit internet connection (1000 down/1000 up). I connected the laptop via CAT6 cable directly to my modem. However, when I speed test it, I am only getting around 90 down/90 up. I have 2 younger computers on the modem directly connected and they speed test perfectly. I know it is old, but is that fact holding it down? I have only the essentials installed on it, so it is pretty clean. Anti-virus sweeps show it to be clean as well. What other checks/tests/troubleshooting can I perform?

Wondering if there's anything you can see that's a problem or just a loose connection on the pole somewhere (and how likely will they find it?).

I was using a new netgear docsis 3 modem and having this problem.
Got a Cablevision supplied motorola docsis 2 modem and put that in and problem continues
theres only the cable modem on the coax. No TVs.
Connections I can get to - both sides of the lightning arrester / grounding tap outside and the cable connection onto the modem are tight and cablevision installed connectors.
i set up to ping 1.1.1.1 -t. It'll go on for a while with time of 10 - 15 ms. then it'll just stop for 5 - 10 seconds. Then start back up with 10 - 15ms.
I was getting similar error messages on the netgear router, now these messages. I'd think any systemic / DHCP address problems would have the connection be out completely, not for 5 - 10 seconds every once in a while. But are these errors indicative of other issues?

I called cablevision and they poo pood their old surfboard modem. So I put the netgear back in the network. Got the errors in the last picture. And internet went out for minutes and I rebooted the modem and it came back up.

There's a picture below of the signals at the netgear and it has a 6db attenuator in it. the rep said signals are ok / better with the 6db in there than without it. But the uncorrected errors? the outage needing a reboot? And the …

Hi, My SEO team is having me create directories for certain keywords, like /affordable-meal-delivery/, so that the URL is mywebpage.com/affordable-meal-delivery/

The only way I know to do this is to create the directory and then have an index.html inside the directory. But I don't like having so many pages called index.html, for one thing I am afraid of overwriting one to another.

But I have ten or so of those directories with an index.html in each. How can I do this without the index.html. Ideally, I would want the page inside the directory to be affordable-meal-delivery.html. Can I use an htaccess file to do this?

I did a speed test from several speed test sites for my 1 gig Internet circuit and my download and upload are so different. The upload seems fine but the download is so off. It never passes 250Mbps. I have another 300 Mbps with another ISP and when I tested it with the speedtest sites, the download and upload are almost the same, around 250Mbps.
The tech was onsite and tested with his test set and he said that he gets around 900Mbps upload and download.
How do I explain this? Can I trust the 1G circuit provider? What is the explanation for the speedtest sites reported big differences between download and upload.

I have read online that there are fiber cables ran through the Oceans to reach other continents in order to provide internet connection.
I have also read that internet connection is provided through Satellites somewhere in the Orbit, and there is no need to run cables from one end of the globe to another.

I am not sure which approach is used to have people in the world connect to Internet.

Simple way to monitor the internet connection to a remote server.
I would like to monitor the internet connection to several remote servers and then be notifed via email if the servers are offline.
Or alternatively. I would like to monitor 1 static IP to see if it is active on the internet (which should tell me if there is internet at the remote site).. and send me an email when
that IP loses internet ...
Is there a way to do this?
If yes, what do you suggest?

When you type in experts-exchange.com in a web browser, theres all the work of resolving the name into an ip address and then your packets are sent from your computer to the EE web server and vice versa, going through routers around the web, right?

Contrast that with an email? I was explaining to someone that large attachments in an email might cause the email to not be delivered as it routes its way through the web. Then I wondered... is the email actually going through mail servers on the web and being reforwarded? Or just routers (on the backbone?). If it's just routers, do they actually care how big the total email is? It's just a lot of packets being sent in the same direction.

ie - is there really a limit to an attachment size limit in email OTHER THAN at the sender or receiver email server? Yes, the sender server or receiving server can set limits to the size of the attachment. But after resolving the MX record and sending to the receiving server.... what could get in the way?

When click on an email link in Internet Explorer, it does not open the default email program, but a new page opens up asking to add an email account instead. Can this be fixed so that the default email program is opened?

Internet Protocols

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries, organized in abstraction layers, traditionally called "Link," "Internet," "Transport" and "Application”. Its routing function enables internetworking, and essentially establishes the Internet. IP defines packet structures that encapsulate the data to be delivered. It also defines addressing methods that are used to label the datagram with source and destination information.