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The paper deals with the methods of implementing an intelligent inspection system for monitoring the health of any device or material using a nondestructive signal. A hybrid knowledge representation and processing architecture is proposed as a solution to problems encountered in the processes of the nondestructive inspection. In the proposed system, to modularize knowledge elicitation and to make...

The paper discusses the applicability of cooperating knowledge-based system (CKBS) techniques in environmental decision support. The reasons for using CKBSs are given first. Existing environmental CKBSs are discussed, with special emphasis on a typical example, the Distributed Chemical Emergencies Manager (DCHEM). The methodological framework applied to the building of DCHEM, the knowledge acquisition...

The level of semantic data interoperability between a source and a receiver is a function of the context interchange mechanism that operates between the source and the receiver. The semantic interoperability mechanisms in existing systems are usually static in nature and cannot cope with changes in the semantics of data either at the source or at the receiver. The paper proposes a context interchange...

The problem of designing cabin crew patterns according to flight schedules is an important aspect of resource management for the airline industries. So far, there have been very few discussions on the detailed design of such systems. The paper describes a knowledge-based approach to the problem and presents the design and implementation issues. A prototype known as the Cabin Crew Pattern Generator...

Case-based reasoning solves a problem by retrieving from its case memory a solution which has solved a similar problem in the past, and then adapting the solution to the problem. Recent work in knowledge-based systems in AIDS initial assessment (AIA) reflects a growing interest in the case-based paradigm. The reason is that AIA experts rely heavily on memory of previous cases when assessing AIDS-risky...

A content-addressable model of production systems (CAMPUS) has been developed. The main idea is to achieve high execution performance in production systems by exploiting the potential fine-grain data parallelism. The facts and the rules of a production system are uniformly represented as content-addressable memory (CAM) tables. CAMPUS differs from other CAM-inspired models in that it is based on...

The paper derives a set of fundamental issues from a definition of collaboration, introduces two major approaches to human-computer collaboration, and surveys each approach, showing how it formulates and addresses the issues. It concludes by proposing some themes that should characterize a unified approach to human-computer collaboration.

In human-computer interaction, as in conversation, neither partner is omniscient. To facilitate repairs when problems arise, an interface needs to enable both user and system to coordinate their separate knowledge states. The paper presents a conversational feedback model for human-computer interaction based on a collaborative theory of human communication, and this model is used to systematically...

Collaboration among designers can be described with an action-reflection-critique model in which the explicit representation of the design contributes to a shared understanding and to the articulation of design knowledge. The paper describes how domain-oriented design environments based on this model support human-computer collaboration by intertwining knowledge delivery and elicitation. The...

A theory of communication between autonomous agents should make testable predictions about which communicative behaviors are collaborative, and provide a framework for determining the features of a communicative situation that affect whether a behavior is collaborative. The results presented here are derived from a two-phase empirical method. First, we analyze a corpus of naturally occurring problem-solving...

Large-scale computer applications reflect numerous sources of complexity: complexity originating in the constructs of the application domain, complexity of feature-rich interfaces, and (in many cases) complexity arising from the inclusion of end-user programming environments. The paper discusses a software design strategy for the creation of programmable design environments (PDEs); such environments...

The purpose of the paper is to describe a cooperative system which was designed to provide intelligent assistance in the domain of diagnostic radiology. The approach taken includes the collection and analysis of human performance data, cognitive modelling of the interaction between perception and problem solving, incorporation of this knowledge into a blackboard-based architecture, implementation...

The approach described in the paper treats misunderstanding and repair as intrinsic to conversants' core language abilities, accountable by the same processing mechanisms that underlie normal speech. A unified theory has been developed by using default reasoning to generate utterances, and using abduction to characterize interpretation and repair. The model combines intentional and social accounts...

Conversational approaches to human-computer collaboration have so far mostly been employed for the design of natural language interfaces. It is claimed, however, that the conversational interaction model described in the paper can also feasibly be applied to graphical and multimodal interactions. The model comprises two interrelated parts: first, the description of local discourse structures and...

The methodology of the development of knowledge bases for expert systems is based on questioning of human experts. Until now, very little attention has been paid to the question of the consistency and accuracy of the expert's estimations. This is a subject of great importance, especially in areas requiring the estimation of probability events. In the research partially presented in the paper, a...

Learning algorithms that acquire syntactic knowledge for a parser from sample sentences entered by users who have no knowledge of the parser or English syntax are described. It is shown how the subcategorizations of verbs, nouns and adjectives can be inferred from sample sentences entered by end users. Then, if the parser fails to parse a sentence, for examplePeter knows how to read books , because...

Traditional logic and logic programming languages cannot handle uncertainty. Fuzzy logic can, but it requires a readily computable form. One possible way to achieve this is to define a propositional fuzzy logic, extend this to a first order form, convert it to Horn clause form, and, finally, to devise a theorem prover to manipulate the Horn clauses. The first two steps have already been published...

The paper presents a method for deriving rules from a neural network and abstracting meaning from them. This produces a connectionist rule induction system that combines some of the useful attributes of connectionist and traditional symbolic systems. A tutorial example of the noise immunity enjoyed by neural networks is presented together with examples drawn from the field of intelligent control...

The human electroencephalogram (EEG) is often corrupted by ocular artefacts (OAs) caused by the movement of the eyes and/or the eyelids, making the recognition of abnormal EEG signals more difficult. The removal of OAs using conventional signal processing is complicated by the similarity between abnormal EEGs and OAs, which can lead to corruption of the EEG signal. The paper describes the development...

An improvement to the design of intelligent knowledge based systems is discussed in the paper. This leads necessarily to a discussion of the kinds of systems that are capable of handling diverse problems arising in the real world, and solving them autonomously. A new approach is necessary for designing such systems. Human activities are analyzed and a way of representing each activity as a compound...

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