Space exploration has been a major interest among the United States since the space race in the mid-1900’s. Though space exploration may seem vital for expanding the wealth of our nation and enhancing life for us earth dwellers, there are certain issues that should be taken into consideration such as costs, ethical concerns, and the safety of our planet before we launch the rockets.

Exploring the solar system is positively viewed by many, but most people do not agree with the amount of money being used for these explorations. $0.06 out of each federal dollar is spent on space and technology; that is three cents more that is being spent on space than being paid towards veterans benefits, and is two cents more than what the federal government spends on education, employment, and social services (Source C). Some people argue that our money could be used more wisely by putting it towards medical research. The National Institute of Health investigates ways to cure, prevent, and treat diseases. Using the federal governments money, NIH has helped decreased deaths from heart diseases and AIDS and has significantly improved the quality of life for those living with an illness (Source D). After seeing these achievements in medical research, citizens find it more sensible to support the mission to improve health rather than supporting the mission to space.

Another major factor that needs to be considered before the journey in space are the ethical concerns. A group dedicated to ethics has brought up the issue of humans impact on space. Human expansion has nearly destroyed our Earth; we have problems such as global warming, pollution, and deforestation. This group fears the impact humans have on space sense there has been such a negative impact here on Earth (Source E). Another ethical concern is that space explorations is not a necessity. The United States is on a very tight budget. Being 14 trillion dollars in debt, tax payers believe the federal...

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...﻿Strike in Space Case Study
Executive Summary
This case centers on the original 3 Skylab missions that began in 1973 following a successful series of Apollo missions starting in the 1960’s. NASA viewed the Skylab missions as logical successors of the Apollo missions and each of the Skylab missions picked up where the prior one left off. The primary focus of the missions was to determine if humans could in fact live comfortably for extended periods of time in weightless conditions and prior to Skylab, there was very little solid research done.
Each of the Skylab missions would be longer in length with Skylab 1 starting with 4 weeks followed by Skylab 2 at 8 weeks and finally Skylab 3 at 12 weeks. Every detail of the astronauts’ life in space was to be recorded for future examination and there was little left to chance. Virtually every minute of each day was spelled out by the flight control directors on the ground and the rigid timelines were to be followed to the letter. The astronauts were to conduct experiments on themselves (exercise) as well as other scientific fields (solar astronomy, botany, biology, metals processing, etc). NASA not only wanted to study the experiments given to the astronauts but they also had designs on increasing their federal funding by showcasing the commercial possibility of a manned outpost in space. NASA therefore was trying to serve two purposes with the Skylab missions both of which they...

...technological advancements. With these advancements came great tension and rivalry between the United States and the former Union of Soviet Socialists Republic (USSR). The biggest rivalry between the two superpowers was the advancement in space technology. In 1952, the International Geophysical Year (IGY) was established in which scientists stated that in the time between July 1, 1957 and December 31, 1958, solar activity would be at a high point. The IGY made it so that both the US and the USSR became determined to be the first to reach space, and so the space race was born. During the space race, the USSR made many launches that were very advanced and superior to the US. The Soviet Union was technologically superior to the United States during the Space Race in terms of the Sputnik, Luna, and Vostok programs.
The USSR's first space program was the Sputnik, which had as many as twenty- five launches. Out of the twenty-five, there are two milestone launches in which the the Soviet Union showed their obvious superiority to the US. The first milestone launch in the Sputnik program was Sputnik 1, which was the world's first artificial satellite to reach space. The launch of Sputnik 1 on October 4th, 1957 was the first big step in the space race and demonstrated the USSR's advanced technical abilities. " Sputnik 1 was about the size of a basketball, weighed 183...

...Spaceexploration has been increasing greatly in the last 50 years. It has allowed us to understand the greatness of the universe and the endless possibilities it offers us. Our planet, Earth, is inhabited by approximately 6 billion humans. This is well over our natural carrying capacity (the amount of resources there are to sustain our population) but with techniques such as farming, we have manipulated our resources to provide us with enough food, but alternate solutions are needed. The Cold War was when the spaceexploration significantly advanced, with the political competition between U.S.A and the U.S.S.R., where the two nations invested highly on technologies to see who could win the space-race. Artificial satellites, a man made device that orbits around Earth or other planets, came along at about 1951, when the Russians launched "Sputnik 1" into orbit around Earth. Since then, satellites have developed technologically and now they are so widely used, that almost everyone's benefiting from them in everyday life.
Through spaceexploration, a lot has been learnt about Earth and space. When the Hubble Space Telescope was fully operational in 1993, it allowed us to observe our galaxy in ways that were impossible from Earth. Orbiting observatories such as the Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) and the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE)...

...İndustrial Accidents
Mars Mission has been a crucial issue all over the world since the beginning of space studies. Mars Mission means that send astronauts with spacecraft to space with purpose of finding new settlement place and searching possibilities of Mars for humanity. Several studies have been done for providing this mission since 1960s. Elkins and Tanton stated, “ Between 1960 and 2004 the USA and Russia launched a total of 46 missions to Mars, 30 of which failed completely, four of which returned some data but did not complete their missions and 12 of which were successes,” (2006, p. 147). The issue of whether to implement Mars Mission or not is significantly debatable. Although it has been asserted that Mars Mission is a necessity for the survival of mankind, temperatures are not suitable to life on the red planet and there are enormous dust storms, possibility of life on Mars may brings about serious biological risk as well as safety problems and Mars’ atmosphere is thin and it does not have magnetic field; hence this mission should be changed with another space mission.
It is commonly argued that Mars is the best option as a new settlement place for the people; however, there are violent storms and values of temperature that prevent to live is crucial factor. Proponents of the idea that Mars Mission provides new life areas for mankind maintain the...

...Technology:
Scratch-resistant Lenses
Scratch-resistant lenses were developed by NASA by applying a diamond-like lubricating coat over plastic lenses. This application was originally used in the space program in a "dual ion-beam bonding process." Today, the coating is still used on hard resin plastic used in most eye glasses that people wear every day.
Freeze-Dried Food
Humans need food, and astronauts in space are no exception. To keep the astronauts food fresh NASA adopted the practice of freeze-drying food. This process proved effective on food and allowed for extended manned space flights such as the Apollo flights. In the process, the food is frozen and then most of the moisture is removed from the frozen object. The moisture is removed by sublimation; it turns into a vapor before a liquid. The process works best on liquids, thin slices of meat, and small objects like peas.
Athletic Shoes
Technology originally developed for boots that were worn on the moon, now have been applied to athletic shoes in the mid-sole section. The technology improves shock absorption, stability, and motion control. The sneaker industry has also used this technology to try to brainwash consumers into believing they need this commodity, creating a social spin-off of its own.
CAT & MRI Technologies
The entire purpose of the early Apollo missions were to choose a suitable landing ground for the first man on the moon. To do this, they needed technology...

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Page 7: Timeline
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Page 8: Conclusion
Page 9: List of Sources
Space race between the US and the USSR
Introduction
The Space Race was a mid-to-late 20th century competition between the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (USA) for supremacy inspaceexploration. Between 1957 and 1975, the Cold War rivalry between the two nations focused on attaining firsts in spaceexploration, which were seen as necessary for national security and symbolic of technological and ideological superiority. The Space Race involved pioneering efforts to launch artificial satellites, sub-orbital and orbital human spaceflight around the Earth, and piloted voyages to the Moon. It effectively began with the Soviet launch of the Sputnik 1 artificial satellite on 4 October 1957, and concluded with the co-operative Apollo-Soyuz Test Project human spaceflight mission in July 1975. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project came to symbolize “détente”, (a partial easing of strained relations between the USSR and the US).
Chapter 1: What was this “space race”
In October, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first satellite — named Sputnik — to be hurled into orbit around the Earth. Sputnik was...

...The Space and Arms race was an event during the Cold War. It was a test to see
which of the two great superpowers, the US or the USSR, was the superior one.
Throughout the Cold War, both of the countries believed that the more nuclear weapons
you had, the more powerful you were. It was also to see which country was more
technologically advanced.
On October 4, 1957, the Soviets had launched that which was the spark for the
Space Race. They had launched the Russian satellite Sputnik (which is the Russian word
for “traveler”). This was a surprise because this was the first artificial satellite and the
first object to be sent to space and placed around the Earth’s orbit. However, this was not
a pleasant surprise for the US, as they wanted to be more technologically advanced. So,
in order to retaliate, the US had launched their satellite, the Explorer I. This had then
caused tension to the two superpowers.
During the same year, President Dwight Eisenhower had created the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Eisenhower had also created the Central
Intelligence Agency (CIA) to look for any intelligence regarding the Soviet Union or its
allies. In 1959, the Soviets took it another step forward and launched the Luna 2, the first
space probe to hit the moon. In 1961, the Soviet cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, was the first
person to orbit...

...Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Both countries wanted wanted to show the world that they were the dominant military and technological superpower. This was called the cold war. There were no shots fired, but each competed to be the major superpower of the world after World War II. One way they tried to become the world superpower was through the Space Race. The Space Race caused ICBMs, the Race to the Moon, and Reconnaissance Satellites.
The Space Race started October 4, 1957, when the Soviet space satellite “Sputnik” was launched. This led to a massive panic by the American population and government. America was scared that Sputnik was capable of launching nuclear weapons from space, feeling that the USA would be rendered almost defenseless from those types of attacks. The USSR tried to make it quite clear that Sputnik was not a weapon or spy satellite, but instead was made simply to test out space. The only kind of technology it had were radio-transmitters. Sputnik was launched by the world’s first ICBM (Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile), which would up the ante of the space race because they could send nuclear warheads across the world. The Space Race became even quicker with the addition experience and intellect from some of the top German rocket engineers to both the Soviet and American systems.
The scientists and rocket engineers of Nazi Germany were some of...