Medical records research — uses historical information collected from medical records of large groups of people to study how diseases progress and which treatments and surgeries work best.

About this study

To understand why patients with indigestion with or without diabetes have gastrointestinal symptoms and in particular to understand where the symptoms are related to increased sensitivity to nutrients.

Medical records research — uses historical information collected from medical records of large groups of people to study how diseases progress and which treatments and surgeries work best.

About this study

The purpose of this trial is to assess the performance of an Artificial Pancreas (AP) device using the Portable Artificial Pancreas System (pAPS) platform for subjects with type 1 diabetes using an insulin pump and rapid acting insulin. This proposed study is designed to compare closed-loop control with or without optimization of initialization parameters related to basal insulin infusion rates and insulin to carbohydrate (I:C) ratios for meals and snacks. The study consists of an evaluation of the Artificial Pancreas device system during two 24-27.5-hour closed-loop phases in an outpatient/hotel environment. Prior to the closed-loop phases, each subject will undergo a 7-day data collection period consisting of his or her usual free-living conditions along with 3 meals of known carbohydrate content. Data from the insulin pump, a continuous glucose monitoring sensor (CGM), diet and exercise records will be collected during this period. These data from this 7-day period will be analyzed in order to come up with adapted basal insulin infusion rates and bolus insulin to carbohydrate (I:C) ratios.

Study phase:

During the early phases (phases 1 and 2), researchers assess safety, side effects, optimal dosages and risks/benefits. In the later phase (phase 3), researchers study whether the treatment works better than the current standard therapy. They also compare the safety of the new treatment with that of current treatments. Phase 3 trials include large numbers of people to make sure that the result is valid. There are also less common very early (phase 0) and later (phase 4) phases. Phase 0 trials are small trials that help researchers decide if a new agent should be tested in a phase 1 trial. Phase 4 trials look at long-term safety and effectiveness, after a new treatment has been approved and is on the market.

About this study

The investigator's global hypothesis is that women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) can be separated into subtypes based on their response to metformin. The investigators propose here to use both targeted and non-targeted metabolomic approach to identify pathways associated with metformin's effect on insulin sensitivity and endothelial function. This pilot project will be the foundation for developing tailored therapeutic approaches to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and identifying novel drug targets.

Medical records research — uses historical information collected from medical records of large groups of people to study how diseases progress and which treatments and surgeries work best.

About this study

The investigators will determine whether people with high muscle mitochondrial capacity produce higher amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on consuming high fat /high glycemic diet and thus exhibit elevated cellular oxidative damage. The investigators previously found that Asian Indian immigrants have high mitochondrial capacity in spite of severe insulin resistance. Somalians are another new immigrant population with rapidly increasing prevalence of diabetes. Both of these groups traditionally consume low caloric density diets, and the investigators hypothesize that when these groups are exposed to high-calorie Western diets, they exhibit increased oxidative stress, oxidative damage, and insulin resistance. The investigators will compare Somalians and NE Americans who are matched for age, BMI, and sex. The investigators will measure ROS production in skeletal muscle following high fat/high glycemic diet vs. healthy diet. The investigators will compare the oxidative damage to proteins, DNA, and lipids in these two populations following 10 days of high fat/high glycemic index diet in comparison with low fat diet. The investigators will determine if elevated levels of oxidative damage in Somali immigrant populations is accompanied by high mitochondrial capacity, higher ROS-emitting potential, and lower insulin sensitivity than NE. The proposed study will be performed utilizing the state-of-the-art proteomic and metabolomic methods many of which were recently developed in our laboratory. The investigators expect the results from this study to provide seminal insights into the underlying mechanism of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, in addition to demonstrating mechanisms by which a functional proteome is maintained in vivo.

Study phase:

During the early phases (phases 1 and 2), researchers assess safety, side effects, optimal dosages and risks/benefits. In the later phase (phase 3), researchers study whether the treatment works better than the current standard therapy. They also compare the safety of the new treatment with that of current treatments. Phase 3 trials include large numbers of people to make sure that the result is valid. There are also less common very early (phase 0) and later (phase 4) phases. Phase 0 trials are small trials that help researchers decide if a new agent should be tested in a phase 1 trial. Phase 4 trials look at long-term safety and effectiveness, after a new treatment has been approved and is on the market.

Medical records research — uses historical information collected from medical records of large groups of people to study how diseases progress and which treatments and surgeries work best.

About this study

The study is being undertaken to understand how a gastric bypass can affect a subject's diabetes even prior to their losing significant amounts of weight. The hypothesis of this study is that increased glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion explains the amelioration in insulin secretion after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) surgery.

Medical records research — uses historical information collected from medical records of large groups of people to study how diseases progress and which treatments and surgeries work best.

About this study

Exendin-(9,39) has been shown to have effects on beta-cell function, and after gastric bypass, to accelerate gastrointestinal transit. - infused at rates of 300pmol/kg/min. Given that gastrointestinal transit is typically delayed by Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) and also that this hormone causes decreased food intake through increased satiation, it is reasonable to expect an effect of Exendin-9,39 on appetite. This may help explain the effects of gastric bypass on food intake. To examine the effect of Exendin on food intake we propose a dose-response study to determine whether the compound has effects in a dose-dependent fashion. We will examine the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms as well as food intake in the immediate aftermath of a test meal and the subsequent hours.

Medical records research — uses historical information collected from medical records of large groups of people to study how diseases progress and which treatments and surgeries work best.

About this study

This current study aims to evaluate the efficacy of engagement modules in assisting patients who are candidates for renal and liver transplantation make significant lifestyle modifications. With the help of the Center for Innovation (CFI), a smartphone app (Android and iOS compatible) has been created to assist in both educating and engaging patients to develop and maintain healthy lifestyle modifications. Our goal is to create a cost-effective, smartphone-based platform that serves to not only efficiently educate but to also verify competence and keep our patients engaged.

Medical records research — uses historical information collected from medical records of large groups of people to study how diseases progress and which treatments and surgeries work best.

About this study

The active strategy for dissemination and implementation of Share Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) will yield greater reach of clinicians, be adopted by the practices more readily, and a greater uptake of use amongst encounters will be seen.

The Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement (ICSI) is a nonprofit organization with expertise in large-scale practice improvement at the state and national level. Largely funded by health organizations in Minnesota, ICSI has a sustainable model to translate evidence into practice, through clinical practice guidelines, shared decision making, and practice redesign. A partnership between these two organizations (ICSI and Mayo Clinic) may lead to a sustainable and innovative approach to the dissemination of evidence-based health information at the point of care.

The objective of the current study is therefore to leverage the expertise of these two organizations to compare the impact of an active to a passive dissemination and implementation strategy of the ShareEBM toolkit. The aim of the study is to disseminate evidence-based information through the use of decision aids during encounters. The overall purpose of the qualitative evaluation is to understand why decision aids were used more or less in certain practices and what factors contributed to or hindered this uptake.

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