Diabetes (E10-E14) was the second leading underlying cause of death of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians in 2011. Diabetes accounted for 181 deaths or 7.6% of all deaths of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. The sex ratio for deaths of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders due to Diabetes was 103 male deaths per 100 female deaths.

The age standardised death rate for diabetes was over 6 times higher (rate ratio of 6.4) for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians compared to non-Indigenous Australians (97.9 per 100,000 and 15.3 per 100,000). The age group with the highest rate ratio was persons aged 35 to 44 years of age, wherein the rate of death for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander persons was 57.7 times higher than the non-Indigenous rate (28.9 per 100,000 and 0.5 per 100,000).

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