2). Which of the following characteristics distinguishes man from the other animals?
(a) Ability to stand erect
(b) Ability to adapt to the environment
(c) Ability to make tools
(d) Ability to live in a group

4). Consider the following statements :
Political modernisation goes hand in hand with
1. illiteracy
2. political participation
3. urbanisation
4. use of mass media
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 2, 3 and 4

6). Consider the following factors :
1. Seasonal migration
2. Weekly commutation
3. Change of residence on permanent or at least semi-permanent basis
4. Being away from the place of normal residence during the entire period of Census count
Which of these is/ are the determining factor(s) in defining a migrant in the Indian Census?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 4 only

(d)

7). There is freedom of association between members of all strata including intermarriage and equalitarian social relations in
(a) open-class (b) open-ethnic
(c) closed-caste (d) closed-estate

(a)

8). Disparity in income levels of different economic entities are measured on
(a) Supply curve (b) Demand curve
(c) Cost curve (d) Lorez curve
Directions :
The following 14 (fourteen) items consist of two statements, one labelled as the ‘Assertion (A)’ and the other as ‘Reason (R)’. You are to examine these two statements carefully and select the answers to these items using the codes given below :
Codes :
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

(d)

9). Assertion (A) :
The father who has to be the loving parent, faces the problem of role-strain because he finds it necessary to discipline his son with stern measures.
Reason (R) :
Role-strain is a feeling of difficulty or stress in fulfilling the demands of one’s role obligations.

(a)

10). Assertion (A) :
Durkheim observed that crime is an integral part of all ‘healthy societies’.
Reason (R) :
All deviant acts are not criminal.

(b)

11). Assertion (A) :
The importance of work as well as its frequency is not going to experience a considerable decline in the society of the future.
Reason (R) :
Wages or the money that people need for sustenance will be based on flexi-time

13). Assertion (A) :
Secondary groups are more influential in industrial society than in tribal and agrarian societies.
Reason (R) :
Industrial society has more technical and complex system

(A)

14). Assertion (A) :
Urbanisation refers to the process whereby people are influenced by the values, behaviour, institutions and material things that are products of the city.
Reason (R) :
The city is considered as a dynamic source of change that produces a complex, heterogeneous and highly specialised social organisation.

(b)

15). Assertion (A) :
The forces, making for industrialisation, work to the detriment of religion.
Reason (R) :
Religion is an internal attitude which is not easily amenable to observation and measure.

(b)

16). Assertion (A) :
The death rate among the Korkus in Amaravathi district of Maharashtra is very high due to a certain genetic defect.
Reason (R) :
The tribe suffers from sickle cell disease which reduces the immunity of the tribals.

(c)

17). Assertion (A) :
In order to survive, an authoritarian State resorts to repression, permanent mobilization and manipulation.
Reason (R) :
In an authoritarian State, the bureaucratic apparatus becomes responsive to the needs of the masses.

(c)

18). Assertion (A) :
In post-independent India, Dalits have gained political protection but their socio-economic progress is not satisfactory.
Reason (R) :
Indian society is a caste-ridden society where only certain caste-groups can have social and economic domination.

(a)

19). Assertion (A) :
In village India, factions are hardly based on caste.
Reason (R) :
In spite of changes in the actions, strategies and rules of the game, clash of personal interests is the real cause of factionalism.

(b)

20). Assertion (A) :
Electronics, automobiles and other means of modern transport have brought significant changes in the social relationships among the human beings.
Reason (R) : Science and technology have affected the attitudes, values and behaviours of people across the societies.

(a)

21). Assertion (A) :
All cities are growing rapidly. Nearly 40 per cent of the population is below 20 years of age and 48 per cent are adults between 20 and 49 years.
Reason (R) :
Land degradation together with other social and economic factors has also led to greater immiserisation of the peasantry prompting greater labour mobility to urban areas.

(a)

22). Assertion (A) :
Poverty in Indian rural families is due to too much technology introduced in the post-independence India.
Reason (R) :
Indian rural masses are not able to cope with complexities of modern technology due to their illiteracy and traditional ways of life.

24). Consider the following statements :
1. Modern political systems combine power and authority as they are needed to regulate public affairs.
2. Power and authority are two different things. Power is the capacity of the individual to take independent actions while authority goes with office; officials cannot take action without authority.
3. Power and authority are one and the same. They go together.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3

(a)

25). Consider the following statements :
1. Equal access to property, power and prestige ends up in social stratification.
2. Differential access to property, power and prestige ends up in social stratification.
3. Unequal access to property, power and prestige ends up in social stratification.
Which of these statements is/ are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3

(c)

26). Who pointed out that social stratification is needed to ensure effective role allocation and role performance?
(a) Moore and Parsons (b) Davis and Parsons
(c) Parsons and Weber (d) Davis and Moore

(d)

27). Which one of the following represents a form of differentiation and not stratification?
(a) Class (b) Gender
(c) Caste (d) Sex

(d)

28). Consider the following statements :
Functionalist theory of stratification states that
1. social stratification is a necessity.
2. every society must select among individual members to fill a wide variety of social positions.
3. in order to attract the most talented individuals to each position, society must set up a system of differential rewards.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 2

(c)

*Questions 29 to 39 are missing

40). Which of the following sectors of economic activities will be predominantly found in the post-industrial societies ?
(a) Primary sector
(b) Primary and secondary sectors
(c) Territory sector
(d) Secondary and tertiary sectors

42). The monetary authority in India is the
(a) State Bank of India
(b) Reserve Bank of India
(c) Planning Commission
(d) Ministry of Finance

(b)

43). Which one of the following is known as human capital?
(a) Returns on industry
(b) Returns on savings
(c) Returns on education
(d) Returns on business

(c)

44). Which one of the following is a process, by which parts of the middle class become effectively absorbed into the working class?
(a) Embourgeoisement (b) Proletarianization
(c) Alienation (d) Homogenization

(b)

45). There is a dispute between management and the workers in a factory over wages and working conditions. The management and the representatives of the workers try their best to resolve the dispute through dialogue across the table. In spite of their best efforts they do not succeed in resolving the dispute resulting in the intervention by the government.
The above event involves two methods of resolving industrial disputes. These are
(a) Conciliation and adjudication
(b) Arbitration and collective bargaining
(c) Adjudication and arbitration
(d) Collective bargaining and conciliation

(d)

46). Who among the following said that “Industries are the Temples of Modern India”?
(a) Ambedkar (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Mahatma Gandhi (d) S. Radhakrishnan

51). The term ‘Gentrification’ is applied to the kind of urban growth
(a) When migrants from abroad start living
(b) Where there is urban revival of stylish neighbourhood
(c) Where marginalised groups begin to live
(d) Where elderly people live

53). What is the first and foremost criterion for defining ‘town’?
(a) Density of population
(b) Higher percentage of employment in non-agricultural activities
(c) High literacy rate
(d) Presence of slums

(b)

54). The term ‘Ghetto’ refers to a slum in a city, consisting of members belonging to the same ethnic community. It was originally applied to which one of the following ethnic settlements?
(a) A settlement of Asians in London
(b) A settlement of Jews in Europe
(c) A settlement of Chinese in Los Angeles
(d) A settlement of Italians in the U.S.A.

56). Consider the following statements :
Social demography focuses on the relationships among
1. the size and spatial distribution of a population.
2. the age and sex composition
3. the types and forms of social structures such as clans, families and extended kinship groups.
4. the forms or structural features of social institutions
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

(b)

57). The population age pyramid of India is broad-based and conforms to a population of an underdeveloped country showing
(a) large proportion of young and child population
(b) large proportion of younger and smaller proportion of aged persons
(c) large proportion of child and adult population
(d) large proportion of aged persons and child population

(b)

58). Match List I (Mortality and Fertility in India) with List II (Stages of Population Growth) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists:
List-I List-II
(Mortality and Fertility (Stage of Population in India) Growth)
A. Mortality and fertility 1. Approaching low were very high before stationary stage 1921
B. Fertility remained at a 2. Late expanding very high level but stage mortality started to decline after 1921
C. Fertility started to 3. Early expanding decline but mortality stage declined sharply between 1971-81
D. Mortality has remained 4. High stationary steady at a very low level since 1986 but fertility continues to decline slowly
5. Declining stage
Codes :
A B C D
(a) 2 1 5 3
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 2 3 5 1
(d) 4 1 2 3

(b)

59). Class-I towns in India are growing at a higher rate than that of towns of smaller size. These towns alone constitute
(a) Less than 50% of total urban population of India
(b) More than 60% of total urban population of India
(c) More than 40% of total urban population of India
(d) More than 70% of total urban population of India

61). Which one of the following defines sequential migration?
(a) A body of migrants having common area of origin and common area of destination
(b) Children and wives migrate to follow their parents and husbands
(c) Migration of population from subsistence sectors to capitalist sectors of economy
(d) Migration of population after severe political disturbances or natural calamities

(c)

62). Which one of the following is the main cause of the fact that a sizeable section of the population remains below poverty line in India?
(a) Socio-political disturbances exert pressure on overall social-economic development
(b) Population grows at a faster rate than the rate of capital formation
(c) Country’s economy is basically dependent on agriculture
(d) The ratio of workers to total population is considerably low

(b)

63). The long-term objective of the Indian National Population Policy is to stabilize population by the year
(a) 2010 (b) 2055
(c) 2035 (d) 2045

65). The principle that it is functionally necessary for power to come eventually into the hands of a small group of people is known as
(a) Iron law of oligarchy
(b) Circulation of elites
(c) Fascism
(d) Democracy

(a)

66). Consider the following statements :
Centralisation of authority goes hand in hand with
1. acephalous society.
2. division of labour in society.
3. rationalisation of social life.
4. rule-based system.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 2, 3 and 4

68). Man, for the first time, became tool maker during the
(a) Palaeolithic age (b) Mesolithic age
(c) Chalcolithic age (d) Neolithic age

(a)

69). Which one of the following is an integration of matter and concomitant dissipation of motion, during which matter passes from a definite coherent homogeneity to an indefinite incoherent heterogeneity?
(a) Development (b) Evolution
(c) Growth (d) Progress

71). Consider the following statements about culture :
1. Each culture is holistic.
2. Culture complex is the smallest unit of culture.
3. Culture is shared by the members of a given group.
4. Physical and biological features of people are determined by culture.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 2 and 4

73). According to Linton, which of the following classes of traits are found in a culture?
(a) Specialities, alternatives and configurations
(b) Universals, specialists and alternatives
(c) Configurations, universals and patterns
(d) Alternatives, patterns and configurations

(b)

74). When the members of a group have a belief that they are in some way superior to all who are members of other groups, it is a case of
(a) Ethnicity (b) Ethnocentrism
(c) Ethnic group (d) Ego-centrism

76). When a whole way of life is in the process of change under the influence of another culture, we call it
(a) Acculturation (b) Diffusion
(c) Assimilation (d) Socialization

(c)

77). Match List I (Types of Social Action) with List II (Example) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists :
List-I List-II
(Type of Social Action) (Example)
A. Emotional 1. Clive conquered India with Indian soldiers
B. Strategic 2. Country is above everything else
C. Traditional 3. A fair is held on the bank of a river every year
D. Value oriented 4. He gave his life to save a life he loved
5. Rain drops are falling on the roof
Codes :
A B C D
(a) 3 1 5 2
(b) 4 2 3 1
(c) 3 2 5 1
(d) 4 1 3 2

(d)

78). Consider the following statements :
Modernisation brings about domination of modern cultural influences and changes the traditions by
1. abolishing tribalism.
2. enforcing legal norms.
3. raising incomes.
4. strengthening the authority of the State.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 2, 3 and 4

(d)

79). A pattern of behaviour organized around specific rights and duties that are associated with a particular social position is called
(a) Role (b) Status
(c) Prestige (d) Power

(a)

80). Which one of the following terms is used for the argument that ‘there is no superior international or universal morality; that the moral and ethical rules of all cultures deserve equal respect.?
(a) Cultural parallelism
(b) Ethnocentrism
(c) Cultural relativism
(d) Cultural determinism

(c)

81). The habitual way of doing things by a group or society is called
(a) Norm (b) Value
(c) Law (d) Custom

85). Consider the following statements :
The dangers of ethnocentrism are very grave in India. Efforts of bringing unity among people of India are defeated because ethnocentrism
1. involves a double moral standard— one for in-group and another for out-group
2. distorts ‘self’ and originality of every individual.
3. makes individuals to look at the culture of out-groups with hatred and even contempt.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3

(d)

86). Any small group marked by continuous close interaction of a highly personal and emotionally supportive nature is called
(a) Reference group (b) Primary group
(c) Interest group (d) Secondary group

(b)

87). The behaviour that departs significantly from the values, norms and folkways of a society is called
(a) Determinism (b) Discrimination
(c) Deviance (d) Dysfunction

89). Erik Erikson has identified eight stages of man from birth to old age. What is the key feature of Erik Erikson’s delineation of eight stages of man?
(a) Social development of self
(b) Development of psychological insight
(c) One’s own understanding of self-development
(d) Other’s understanding of one’s development of self

92). Consider the following statements :
A bureaucratic structure is marked by the following features :
1. It is a hierarchical organisation.
2. Applicable to large-scale organisation requiring specialisation.
3. Individual accountability is lost in a bureaucratic organisation
Which of these statements are correct ?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 3
(c) 1 and 2 (d) 2 and 3

(c)

93). A group organized on the basis of the common ancestry of its members is called
(a) Primary group (b) Secondary group
(c) In-group (d) Descent group

(d)

94). The term ‘Couvade’ refers to a
(a) husband practising magic during the pregnancy period of his wife
(b) husband looking after the first child during the second delivery of his wife
(c) husband leading the life of an invalid during the post-delivery period of his wife
(d) husband leading the life of a priest performing rituals for safe delivery for his wife

(c)

95). Consider the following statements :
In Indian kinship terminology, the terms referring to the ‘ego’ signify
1. relationships of sibling’s generation.
2. relationships arising out of marriage.
3. descent relationships between the preceding and succeeding generations.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3

97). Which one of the following Acts removed the restriction on gotra marriage?
(a) The Hindu Marriage Validity Act, 1949
(b) The Special Marriage Act, 1954
(c) The Hindu Marriage Disabilities Removal Act, 1946
(d) The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955

(c)

98). Ultimogeniture is the rule whereby
(a) The first-born child succeeds to the estate of the father/ mother
(b) the last-born child succeeds to the estate of the father/ mother
(c) the surviving descendant takes over the family property
(d) the sons claim absolute rights over the family property excluding the daughters

(b)

99). The correct order of the main objectives of marriage in the traditional Hindu Society is
(a) Praja, Rati and Dharma
(b) Rati, Dharma and Praja
(c) Dharma, Rati and Praja
(d) Dharma, Praja and Rati

(d)

100). Consider the following statements :
In a pre-modern political system, leaders win support for exercising authority through
1. benefiting followers with their success.
2. causing secession in the ranks of opponents
(d) 1 2 4 5

(a)

101).

(b)

102).

(b)

103).

(c)

104).

(b)

105).

(b)

106). Consider the following statements :
A caste is said to be dominant when it
1. is numerically preponderant.
2. claims ritual purity.
3. is politically powerful.
4. owns most of the land in a village.
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

(d)

107). Which of the following Articles in the Constitution of India explicitly guarantee the protection of the interest of minorities in India?
(a) Articles 27 and 28
(b) Articles 29 and 30
(c) Articles 31 and 32
(d) Articles 33 and 34

109). Which one of the following Schedules of the Constitution of India mentions the laws whose validity cannot be questioned before any court on the ground of their alleged inconsistency with the Fundamental Rights?
(a) IXth Schedule
(b) VIIIth Schedule
(c) VIIth Schedule
(d) VIth Schedule

(d)

110). Article 332 deals with
(a) Reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the House of People
(b) Reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Legislative Assemblies of States
(c) Reservation of seats and special representation to cease after thirty years
(d) Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the Lok Sabha

(b)

111). Which of the following Articles of the Constitution of India makes provision for educational advancement of the Scheduled Tribes by reserving seats in educational institutions, grating scholarships etc.?
(a) Article 15(4) (b) Article 16(4)
(c) Article 330 and 332 (d) Article 339(1)

(a)

112). Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes under the Constitution of India is provided in
(a) the Preamble
(b) The Directive Principles
(c) The Eighth Schedule
(d) Article 18

116). Ogburn’s idea that change first occurs in the material technology is borrowed
(a) directly from Marx and indirectly from Saint Simon and Condorcet
(b) directly from Saint Simon and indirectly from Marx
(c) directly from Condorcet and indirectly from Marx
(d) directly from Gabriel Tarde