What are homologous organs ? Give examples.

Ans. Organs which are fundamentally the same in structure, but perhaps modified for widely different functions are termed as homologous organs. Eg. : 1. The forelimbs of man (adapted for handling), bat and bird (adapted for flying), whale and seal (adapted for swimming) have the same principal skeletal composition. 2. The scales of an ovulate pine cone correspond with the carpels of a flower and the scales of the staminate cone correspond with the stamens of a flower.