The first Earth probe to visit Jupiter was the Pioneer 10 in 1973, and that was soon followed by the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 probe in 1979, as these probes moved into the outer Sol system. In 1982, the probe Galileo was the first probe to descend into Jupiter's atmosphere, and sent back the first reports on the atmosphere to Earth. By the mid-2000s, humans were moving out into the system and conducted the first manned mission.

In the 2020s, the exploration of Jupiter's atmosphere continued when three atmospheric probes were sent into the Red Spot. The information was sent back to Dr. Lloyd Elkins on Earth, and he summarised that the Spot was the result of Jupiter's inner core and not simply an atmospheric disturbance. (TOSreference: Spaceflight Chronology)