Interventions have been targeted at altering a number of behavioral factors including obesity, dietary intake and physical activity. Obesity, of course, should be considered the result of behavioral, genetic and physiological factors and not simply behavioral. Pharmacological interventions have primarily used hypoglycemic or anti-hyperglycemic medication to reverse insulin resistance biguanides, thiazolidenediones , failure of insulin secretion sulfonylureas , or glycemic excursions...

Primary Prevention Diabetes Program, Madras, India 262 persons with family history of diabetes, followed for at least 4 years, pre-post analysis. Outcome diabetes Diet High-carbohydrate, low-fat 20 . Exercise primarily 30 minutes per day walking Persons who increased weight versus lost weight or kept stable weight were 5.1 2.6-13.9 times more likely to develop diabetes, adjusted for baseline glucose and gender. Second analysis of similar smaller subset119 found persons with normal OGTT more...

The oral glucose tolerance test OGTT has for many years been the accepted standard for the diagnosis of diabetes. It is, however, time consuming and inconvenient requiring considerable preparation. Many would therefore regard it as unsuitable for widespread use among people with risk factors for diabetes. Unless conducted in the inpatient setting, the recent dietary intake and duration of the pre-test fast cannot be standardised in the way the protocol demands, and these factors can affect the...

A number of circulating autoantibodies to islet cell markers may be detected at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Indeed, current classification of diabetes uses the presence of autoantibodies to define type 1 diabetes or autoimmune diabetes the exception being those individuals prone to ketoacidosis but without antibodies, classified as type 1 idiopathic 33. The autoantibodies include cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies ICA , insulin autoantibodies IAA , and antibodies directed against glutamic acid...