1.
East African shilling
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The East African shilling was the currency issued for use in British controlled areas in East Africa from 1921 until 1969. It was produced by the East African Currency Board and it is also the proposed name for a common currency that the East African Community plans to introduce. In the United Kingdom, the pound sterling used to be divided into twenty shillings, in British East Africa, however, even though twenty shillings were equal in value to one pound sterling, the shilling was always taken to be the primary unit of account. This state of affairs was unique amongst all the parts of the British Empire that used the sterling currency. This anomalous state of affairs arose because the first currency used by the British colonial authorities in British East Africa was the rupee and not the sterling. The East African shilling was introduced to Kenya, Tanganyika, and Uganda in 1921, the short-lived florin had been introduced because of increasing silver prices after World War I. At that time, the Indian rupee was the currency of the British East African states, the rupee, being a silver coin, rose in value against sterling. When it reached the value of two shillings, the decided to replace it with the florin. From the florin thence came the East African shilling, the currency remained pegged to one shilling sterling and was subdivided into 100 cents. In 1936, Zanzibar joined the board, and the Zanzibari rupee was replaced at a rate of 1.5 East African shillings to 1 Zanzibari rupee. It was replaced by local currencies following the territories independence, in 1951, the East African shilling replaced the Indian rupee in the Aden colony and protectorate, which became the South Arabian Federation in 1963. In 1965, the East African Currency Board was breaking up, the shilling was also used in parts of what is now Somalia, Ethiopia and Eritrea when they were under British control. Before 1941, these areas, then known as Italian East Africa were using the Italian East African lira, in 1941, as a result of World War II, Britain regained control and introduced the shilling, at a rate of 1 shilling to 24 lira. Italian Somaliland was returned to Italy in 1949 as a UN Trusteeship and soon switched to the Italian Somaliland somalo, British Somaliland gained independence in 1960, and joined what had been Italian Somaliland to create Somalia. In that year Somalia began using the Somali shilling at par with the East African shilling, the East African shilling ceased to be legal tender in Somalia during 1961. Ethiopia regained independence in 1941, with British support and began using the East African shilling, maria Theresa thalers, Indian rupees, and Egyptian pounds were also legal tender at the beginning of this time, and it is unclear exactly when this status ended. Full sovereignty was restored in late 1944, and the Ethiopian birr was reintroduced in 1945 at a rate of 1 birr =2 shillings, Eritrea was captured from the Italians in 1941, and began using the East African shilling, as well as the Egyptian pound. The lira was demonetized in 1942, when Eritrea formed a federation with Ethiopia in 1952, the birr, which was already in use in Ethiopia, was adopted in Eritrea

2.
North Yemeni rial
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The rial or riyal was the currency of North Yemen, first the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen, then the Yemen Arab Republic. The Mutawakkilite Kingdom began issuing coins around the turn of the 20th century, the rial was divided into 160 zalat,80 halala or 40 buqsha. During the reign of Imam Yahya, the first rial coins were issued, denominations were given on coins as a fraction of the rial, with the honorific Imadi appearing on the coins of Imam Yahya and Ahmadi on the coins of Imam Ahmad. Consequently, the currency is referred to as the Imadi riyal or Ahmadi rial. A modern style coinage was introduced into circulation in 1963, following the establishment of the Yemen Arab Republic, the country was one of the last to adopt a decimal currency system. In 1974 the rial was divided into 100 fils, although inflation has caused the fils denominations to disappear from circulation, after the unification of Yemen, the Yemeni rial replaced the North Yemeni rial at par. In the reign of Imam Yahya, bronze coins were issued for 1 zalat,1 halala and 1 buqsha, together with silver 1 buqsha, 1⁄20, 1⁄10, ⅛, ¼ and 1 rial. In the reign of his successor, Imam Ahmad, the silver 1 buqsha and 1⁄20 rial were not continued but 1⁄16, unusually, the 1⁄16 and ⅛ rial coins were pentagonal. Gold coins denominated in guineas were also minted, primarily for presentation purposes, in 1962, the Arab Republic first issued bronze ½ and 1 buqsha, 1⁄20, 1⁄10, 2⁄10 and ¼ rial in a similar style to those of the last king. These were followed in 1963 by a new coinage, consisting of aluminium-bronze ½,1, in 1974, the new decimal coinage was introduced consisting of aluminium 1 fils, brass 5 and 10 fils, and cupro-nickel 25 and 50 fils. Cupro-nickel 1 rial followed in 1976, in 1964, the government introduced North Yemens first paper money,1,5, and 10 rial notes. These were followed by 10 and 20 buqsha in 1966, revised 1,5, and 10 rial notes in 1969, the Central Bank of Yemen was established on 27 July 1971, with its headquarters in Sana’a, the capital of the Arab Republic of Yemen. The Central Bank of Yemen absorbed the functions of the Yemen Currency Board

3.
South Yemeni dinar
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The dinar was the currency of South Arabia and then South Yemen between 1965 and 1990. It was subdivided into 1000 fils, after Yemens monetary unification on 1 July 1990, it was one of the two official currencies used in Yemen Republic until 11 June 1996. The dinar was introduced in 1965 as the South Arabian Dinar, replacing the East African shilling at a rate of 1 dinar =20 shillings and it was renamed the South Yemeni dinar after the Aden Protectorate became independent in 1967 as the South Yemen. The South Yemeni dinar was replaced by the following unification with North Yemen. The exchange rate was 1 dinar =26 rial, Dinar banknotes remained legal tender until 1996. For a wider history surrounding currency in the region, see The History of British Currency in the Middle East, in 1965, coins were introduced for South Arabia in denominations of 1,5,25 and 50 fils. The 1 fils was struck in aluminium, the 5 fils in bronze, in 1971, coins were issued in the name of Democratic Yemen, changing to the Peoples democratic Republic of Yemen in 1973. That year, aluminium 2½ fils were introduced, followed by aluminium 10 fils, the 10 fils was scalloped shaped whilst the 100 fils was octagonal. On 1 April 1965, the South Arabian Currency Authority introduced notes in denominations of 250 and 500 fils, a 10-dinar note was issued on 1 July 1967. Article on the banknotes of South Yemen

4.
Yemeni buqsha
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A buqsha or bogache is a former monetary unit of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen and the Yemen Arab Republic. 40 buqshas make up one Yemeni rial, the buqsha coin itself is bronze and approximately 27 mm across. Modern Yemeni currency also includes silver coins worth 5,10 and 20 buqshas and these were introduced after Yemeni independence from the Ottoman Empire. The buqsha was originally used as one fortieth of the Imadi riyal, when the Yemeni rial was introduced, it was decided that 40 buqshas should represent one Yemeni rial, so as to ease the transition

5.
Yemeni rial
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The rial or riyal is the currency of Yemen. It is technically divided into 100 fils, although coins denominated in fils have not been issued since Yemeni unification, as Yemen progressed, it developed its own legal currency. After the union between the North and the South in 1990, both the northern rial and the southern dinar remained legal tender during a period, with 1 dinar exchanged for 26 rials. On 11 June 1996, the dinar was withdrawn from circulation, in 1993, the first coins were issued for the Republic of Yemen. The value of the Yemeni rial against the United States dollar dropped compared to 12.01 rials per dollar in early the 1990s. Since the mid-1990s the Yemeni rial has been freely convertible, though it dropped from YER20 to approximately YER215 against the U. S. dollar since then, the rial has been stable for several years. However, since 2010 the Central Bank of Yemen had to several times. When Yemen unified, coins had been issued in North Yemen in denominations of 1,5,10,25 and 50 fils and 1 rial, the fils denominations have all disappeared from circulation. In 1993, new coins were introduced by the Central Bank of Yemen in denominations of 1 and 5 rials and these were followed by 10 rials coins in 1995 and 20 rials in 2004. At the time of unification, Central Bank of Yemen notes in circulation were 1,5,10,20,50 and 100 rials. In 1993, the 1 and 5 rials notes were replaced by coins, in 1996,200 rials notes were introduced, followed by 500 rials in 1997 and 1000 rials in 1998. The 20 rials notes were replaced by coins in 2004, in addition, a 250 rial banknote was issued on November 14,2009. Economy of Yemen Ahmed A AL-Samawi