Congenital nasolacrimal drainage system impatency is relatively common, occurring in approximately 20% of children within the first year of life. Such infants typically manifest persistent epiphora and/or recurrent infections of the lacrimal pathway such as conjunctivitis. The most frequent site of such obstruction occurs at the distal intranasal segment of the nasolacrimal drainage system at the valve of Hasner (summary by Wang and Cunningham, 2011).Congenital dacryocystocele, an uncommon variant of nasolacrimal duct obstruction, characterized by the appearance of a cystic blue mass over the area of the lacrimal duct soon after birth. Dacryocystoceles are thought to result from a persistent membrane at the valve of Hasner and a functional obstruction of the common canaliculus or valve of Rosenmuller. The resulting lacrimal sac distention has been reported to be more common in female and non-Hispanic white patients, and familial cases have been described only sporadically. Common presenting signs include dacryocystitis, facial cellulitis, and respiratory distress; the development of astigmatism in association with dacryocystocele has only rarely been observed (summary by Shekunov et al., 2010).

FAMILIAL CONGENITAL NASOLACRIMAL DUCT OBSTRUCTION Is also known as nasolacrimal duct obstruction|lacrimal puncta, absence of

Rolandic epilepsy (RE) is a focal childhood epilepsy characterized by seizures consisting of unilateral facial sensory-motor symptoms, with electroencephalogram (EEG) showing sharp biphasic waves over the rolandic region. It is an age-related epilepsy, with excellent outcome.

ROLANDIC EPILEPSY Is also known as becrs|bre|benign rolandic epilepsy|bects|centrotemporal epilepsy|benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes|benign familial epilepsy of childhood with rolandic spikes

Agnathia-otocephaly is a rare condition characterized by mandibular hypoplasia or agnathia, ventromedial auricular malposition (melotia) and/or auricular fusion (synotia), and microstomia with oroglossal hypoplasia or aglossia. Holoprosencephaly is the most commonly identified association, but skeletal, genitourinary, and cardiovascular anomalies, and situs inversus have been reported. The disorder is almost always lethal (review by Faye-Petersen et al., 2006).

Mendelian tool does not provide medical advice. It is intended for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. It does not diagnose, it produces a ranked list of suspected genes which provide assistance for rare hereditary disease cases. Patients should discuss their findings with their healthcare provider. MendelTest does not intend to diagnose patients. It is providing information in order for patients to find and get better management of expert certified clinical assistance. This service is using Human Phenotype Ontology (Build #1700 - Oct 2017). Find out more at www.human-phenotype-ontology.org.

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