Creating orthographies for endangered languages -- Who owns vernacular literacy? assessing the sustainability of written vernaculars -- Hearing local voices, creating local content: participatory approaches in orthography development for non-dominant language communities -- Orthographies `in the making': the dynamic construction of community-based writing systems among the Naayeri of North-Western Mexico -- Community-driven, goal-centred orthography development: a Tsakhur case study -- Writing for speaking: the Nuu orthography -- Reflections on the Kala Binatuwa, a three-year-old alphabet from Papua New Guinea -- When letters represent more than sounds: ideology versus practicality in the development of a standard orthography for Ch'orti' Mayan -- The difficult task of finding a standard writing system for the Sioux languages -- Orthography development in Sardinia: the case of Limba Sarda Comuna -- Breton orthographies: an increasingly awkward fit -- Spelling trouble: ideologies and practices in Giernesiei/Dgernesiais/Guernesiais/Guernesiais/Djernezie -- Orthography development on the internet: Romani on Youtube -- Orthography creation for postvernacular languages: case studies of Rama and francoprovencal revitalization -- Changing script in a threatened language: reactions to romanization at Bantia in the first century BC.