Kim Ga Young GY Departments of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, - - 2014

Neuroendocrine lesions of the thyroid are rare. The most common types are medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) and C-cell hyperplasia. MTCs originate from thyroid parafollicular cells that secrete calcitonin which serves as a serum marker of MTCs. Here, the rare case of a calcitonin-negative neuroendocrine tumor (NET) derived from follicular lesions ...

The cytological diagnosis of follicular neoplasm (Thy3F) remains a diagnostic challenge. The main aim of this study is to stratify the risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules diagnosed as Thy3F on cytology (Thy3F) using Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS). A database of thyroid nodules with Thy3F cytological results ...

A ciliated hepatic foregut cyst (CHFC) is a rare foregut developmental malformation usually diagnosed in adulthood. Five percent of reported cases of CHFC transform into squamous cell carcinoma. We report the presentation, evaluation, and surgical management of a symptomatic 45-year-old male found to have a 6.2 cm CHFC. Contrast tomography-guided ...

Ultrasound is as a noninvasive method commonly used in the work-up of thyroid nodules. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of sonographic and elastosonographic parameters in the discrimination of malignancy. 150 thyroid nodules were evaluated by gray-scale, Doppler and elastosonography. The cytological analysis revealed that 141 nodules were benign ...

Thyroid malignant neoplasm develops from follicular or parafollicular thyroid cells. A higher proportion of anaplastic thyroid cancer has an adverse prognosis. New drugs are being used in clinical treatment. However, for advanced thyroid malignant neoplasm such as anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, the major impediment to successful control of the disease is ...

Thyroid benign lymphoepithelial lesions are rare in adults, reported as associated with thyroiditis or adjacent to tumours. Here we report a unique case of a thyroid solid nodule with benign lymphoepithelial morphology. A 56-year-old woman presented with a thyroid nodule increasing in size. Thyroid function was normal. On the surgical ...

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is one of the most common pleura-associated conditions observed in clinical practice. The development of MPE usually defines advanced cancer with a poor prognosis. Carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), as an effective pleural fluid biomarker, has been an object of ongoing research in the detection of ...

We here report on two cases of suspicious cytological findings upon ultrasound (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration (US-FNA) in patients with subacute thyroiditis (SAT). A 46-year-old woman who underwent US-FNA for a suspicious thyroid nodule in the right lobe at a local clinic was referred to our hospital for surgical treatment. Based ...

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a new noninvasive modality for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. However, the performance of CEUS in differentiating malignant and benign thyroid nodules has not been systematically evaluated. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of CEUS in diagnosing thyroid nodules. PubMed, Embase, and the references ...

The presence and degree of dysplasia are important diagnostic and prognostic criteria for oral leukoplakia, but evaluation of dysplasia is difficult and subjective. Carbonic anhydrase-IX (CA-IX) is expressed primarily in tumor cells and is considered a specific hypoxia marker. We investigated the role of CA-IX in oral leukoplakia. We investigated ...

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) in distinguishing malignant from benign thyroid nodules. A total of 331 focal thyroid nodules from 271 patients scheduled for fine-needle aspiration or thyroid surgery were included. After a routine conventional ultrasound evaluation, 2D-SWE examinations were performed to obtain 2D-SWE ...

Riedel's thyroiditis (RT) is a rare fibrosclerotic infiltrative thyroid disorder of unclear aetiology. It has been reported in 0.06% of thyroid surgeries and is more common in women. A 60-year-old euthyroid male presented with thyroid swelling and sinus discharge since three years, associated with pain and fever. Near total thyroidectomy ...

Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare form of thyroid dysgenesis characterized by an absence of half of the thyroid gland. Developmental hemi-thyroid anomalies can result from either an abnormal descent or an agenesis of one lobe of the thyroid gland. We report a case of a 40-year-old woman with history of ...

Background: The meta-analysis was preformed to review the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound reporting and data system in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Methods: We identified the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound reporting and data system in five databases. Meta-analyses were used in selected studies to obtain pooled sensitivity, specificity, and summary ...

The inherent diagnostic limitations of thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA), especially in the "indeterminate" category, can be partially overcome by molecular analyses. We aimed at the identification of miRNAs that could be used to improve the discrimination of indeterminate FNAs. miRNA expression profiling was performed for 17 follicular carcinomas (FTCs) ...

To test whether computerized quantification of ultrasonic heterogeneity can be of help in the diagnosis of thyroid malignancy, we evaluated ultrasonic heterogeneity with an objective and quantitative computerized method in a prospective setting. A total of 400 nodules including 271 benign thyroid nodules and 129 malignant thyroid nodules were evaluated. ...

The noninvasive diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is often challenging. ECG abnormalities are common but lack both sensitivity and specificity. While some features on transthoracic echocardiography have confirmed the classical picture of CA, they have generally been validated against endomyocardial biopsy and thus are indicative of advanced disease. The ability ...

Simple cysts (SCs) of the liver are not associated with the biliary malformations in intrahepatic bile duct biliary. Seen in 0.1% to 7% of adult population, biliary malformations are more common in women. The levels of glycoprotein-like tumor markers (carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9) in the cysts and serum could be ...

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with cytologic evaluation is the most reliable tool for malignancy prediction in thyroid nodules, but cytologic diagnosis remains indeterminate for 12-18 % of nodules. BRAF V600E mutation has been reported to show a high specificity for malignant thyroid nodules and the use of this marker to refine indeterminate ...

Hepatic cysts have a prevalence of 2.5-7% and most of them are asymptomatic. However, large cysts may cause complaints; in such cases an appropriate treatment is necessary (open surgery, laparoscopic deroofing, removal of cystic fluid and injection of a sclerosing agent. The aim of this study was to assess the ...

The present study aimed to investigate polypoid colonic metastases from gastric stump carcinoma by performing a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of a patient with such a diagnosis, and by discussing other previous case studies from the literature. The patient of the present study was an 80-year-old male who ...

Primary oral malignant melanoma is a rare condition, accounting for 1.3-1.4% of all melanomas, usually presenting with an aggressive clinical behavior. The present study reports the clinicopathological findings of two cases of oral malignant melanoma and discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis and current therapeutic approaches for this uncommon condition. In the ...

The aim of the study was to evaluate pulmonary nodules (PNs) by incorporating time sensitivity (S) factor in the retention index (RI) and compare with the traditional fixed interval method. After obtaining approval from the Human Investigations Committee, 97 PNs from 81 patients (age=70±11) referred for dual-time fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET ...

The objective of the present study is to report on the clinical course and management of thyroglossal duct cysts. Retrospective review of all patients who underwent surgery for thyroglossal duct cysts between 2000 and 2013 at a tertiary referral center was carried out. The operations were performed using a modification ...

Satchi Khami K *Orbital Plastic and Lacrimal Clinic, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital; †Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital; ‡Centre for Eye Research Australia, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne; and §Centre for Eye Research Australia, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, - - 2014

Melanoma of the conjunctiva may occasionally involve the lacrimal drainage apparatus (LDA). This makes clinical management difficult. The authors describe 5 cases of conjunctival melanoma with LDA disease and make recommendations about its management. Retrospective review of case notes and histopathology reports. Five cases of LDA melanoma arising in patients ...

Vernix caseosa peritonitis is a rare complication caused by inflammatory response to amniotic fluid spilled into the maternal peritoneal cavity. Most cases occur after cesarean section. We discuss herein two patients, aged 33 and 29 years, who presented with vernix caseosa peritonitis seven to nine days after a cesarean delivery. ...

Melasma is triggered by various factors including ultraviolet radiation and estrogen; however, its pathogenesis is unclear. To investigate the inflammatory features of melasma lesions as triggers for this disorder, 197 women with melasma who attended Asan Medical Center and Kangskin Clinic, Seoul, from June 2011 to October 2011 completed a ...

The diagnosis of combined allergic and irritant contact dermatitis is an accepted subdiagnosis for hand dermatitis, and it is often considered in a patient with contact dermatitis, a positive and relevant patch test result, and wet work exposure. We therefore hypothesize that it is arbitrary for wet work exposure to ...

Keloids are benign fibro-proliferative skin lesions that very rarely occur on the soles. Because of their rarity, the diagnosis of plantar keloids can be difficult. We describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics of eight plantar keloids. All patients presenting with plantar keloids between 2005 and 2012 in our Dermatology unit ...

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (EUS-FNA) is considered to be a minimally invasive and safe technique, with low complication rates, for obtaining tissue samples from pancreatic lesions, and mediastinal and intra-abdominal nodes. We retrospectively reviewed the diagnostic accuracy of this method at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. The ...

Amyloid goiter is a rare cause of thyroid enlargement which can be confused clinically as well as cytologically with both colloid goiter and neoplastic process of thyroid. A 30-year-old man, diagnosed with chronic kidney disease 5 months previously and currently on dialysis and awaiting renal transplant, was referred by clinicians ...

Accessory hemi diaphragm (AHD) is an uncommon condition. Its clinical features, diagnosis and management have not been clearly defined. We reviewed the world literature and added a case of our own. There are 40 proven cases in the literature. The lesion occurs almost exclusively in the right hemithorax. Twenty seven ...

Skin manifestations, including scalded skin, desquamation, and chronic periorificial dermatitis, are rare clinical signs in the patients with methylmalonic acidemia. This condition may be due to enzyme deficiency or multi--nutrient deficiency because of nutritional restriction. Bullous skin lesion is very rare in these patients and consequently, this type of skin ...

Different biomarkers are used to evaluate the severity of atopic dermatitis (AD); however, it remains difficult to determine the severity of localized skin lesions. MIF plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of skin inflammation. In order to establish whether the MIF level in the stratum corneum (SC) serves as ...

Routine endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) for pancreatic juice cytology (PJC) during management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is not recommended in the international consensus guidelines 2012. The aim of the present study was to investigate the roles of PJC in relation to the new stratification of clinical findings in ...

The aim of this study is to prospectively compare rigid videolaryngostroboscopy with microlaryngoscopy for the diagnosis of benign vocal cord lesions. Eighty-five adult patients with benign vocal cord lesions were evaluated with videolaryngostroboscopy and later underwent microlaryngoscopy. During microlaryngoscopy, systematic examination of the glottis was conducted, including careful inspection and ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether ultrasound (US) elastography is useful for the early diagnosis of plantar fasciitis. We retrospectively reviewed US elastography findings of 18 feet with a clinical history and physical examination highly suggestive of plantar fasciitis but with normal findings on conventional US imaging ...

Objective: The dentist has a fundamental role in the early diagnosis of lesions of the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to establish the rate of erroneous clinical diagnoses and whether a clinical diagnosis is enough. The study was conducted to ascertain the overall accuracy of clinical diagnoses ...

Early diagnosis through newborn screening (NBS) and early treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) do lead to better prognosis. In the Netherlands, the median age for a clinical diagnosis is six months, and after newborn screening this is 30days. It is unknown if being diagnosed at the age of six months ...

To investigate the impact of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in association with a multidisciplinary team evaluation for the detection of gastrointestinal malignancies. A cohort of 1019 patients with suspected malignant lesions adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract received EUS-FNA after a standardized multidisciplinary team evaluation (MTE) and were divided into ...

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is highly accurate in identifying and locating ischemic stroke injury. Few studies using DWI have investigated large subcortical infarctions (LSIs). We aimed to study clinical characteristics, cause, and outcome in patients with ischemic stroke with LSI diagnosed on DWI and compare these with those who had lacunar ...

To analyze the characteristics and the associated medical co-morbidities in children with synchronous airway lesions (SALs) found during rigid bronchoscopy. Retrospective case series and chart review of patients who were found to have more than one airway lesion after undergoing airway evaluation via rigid endoscopy at a tertiary care pediatric ...

Congenital enteropathies comprise a constellation of rare clinicopathologic diagnoses characterized by intractable watery diarrhea and failure to thrive in infants. These diagnoses include, but are not limited to, tufting enteropathy (TE), microvillous inclusion disease (MID), and enteroendocrine cell dysgenesis (EED). Commonly, the diagnosis is based on identification of their characteristic ...

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare genodermatosis characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, platelet dysfunction, and in some patients, pulmonary fibrosis and granulomatous colitis. The granulomatous inflammation in the bowel of patients with HPS can be indistinguishable clinically and histologically from that of Crohn disease (CD); however, mucocutaneous granulomatous lesions have not ...

Palmoplantar lesions in lichen planus (LP) are uncommon. In such cases, diagnosis is usually missed. This study was conducted to document various clinical and histopathological features of palmoplantar LP. A total of 18 patients from our outpatient department with lesions of LP, either predominantly or exclusively on palms and/or soles ...