Mobile Technology for Healthcare

Mobile Technology for Healthcare

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Just what the doctor ordered?

There's no denying the inherent cool factor of modern mobile technology. The communication capabilities and ease of information access of the latest cell phones, smartphones, and tablet computers have unleashed our inner gadget-geeks and turned us all into thumb-typing, screen-tapping maniacs.

Morgan Stanley Research reports that mobile Internet usage is growing faster than desktop Internet usage, and will reach parity in late 2013. And last February the number of people actively using Facebook from their mobile devices leapt to over 100 million.

The reasons for this growth in mobile Internet usage may seem obvious at first: among computing technologies, mobile computing devices are typically only an arm's reach away, making them accessible and convenient. The proliferation of specialized downloadable applications (often available at low or no cost) increases the utility of devices over time, when the reverse used to be true. Computational utility in service of high frequency, high urgency, and/or high enjoyment communication and life-management interactions contributes to smartphones being one of the most emotionally satisfying, high-touch technologies people interact with on a given day.

The appeal of mobile technologies transcends their ability to simply entertain or connect people to each other. We think they could save lives. Mobile technologies have enormous potential as tools to promote healthy behavioral change, to transform the caregiver–patient relationship, and to revolutionize the way healthcare is delivered in the U.S. and around the globe. In fact, mobile technologies are already being used to promote healthy lifestyle changes, encourage patients' active involvement in their treatment, reduce waiting times in doctors' offices, and improve a provider's access to patient information, all with the goal of improving healthcare outcomes.

The Waiting Is the Hardest Part

One way mobile technologies can make life better is to reduce the amount of time we waste waiting: waiting to see our doctor, waiting for a prescription to be filled, waiting for test results.

Anyone who's ever languished for hours at an emergency room will appreciate Portsmouth Regional Hospital's newest offering: text "ER" to 23000, and you'll receive a return text with the approximate wait time to see a doctor, a physician's assistant, or a certified nurse practitioner.

Drug delivery and prescription management is another important aspect of healthcare. The drugstore chain CVS now offers its pharmacy benefit members a free iPhone app that allows them to do the following:

View their prescription histories

Research drug prices

Refill prescriptions

Check the status of orders

Request new prescriptions

Find the nearest CVS pharmacy by address or GPS proximity

Members can even pay for prescriptions through the app. Customers can easily locate their prescription histories and are verify cost decisions. CVS benefits from happier customers, automated order entry and communication, more efficient in-store transactions, and the opportunity to reduce errors and increase customer safety.

What used to sound like science fiction is now a daily reality for some patients with high blood pressure. They use a specially designed blood pressure cuff that sends data wirelessly to a cell phone-sized transmitter called HealthPAL. The HealthPAL, in turn, sends data directly to their physicians. No more weekly blood pressure checks at the doctor's office. Plus, patients gain peace of mind from knowing that their doctors can monitor their condition daily.

In the future, we may be able to slap on a so-called "smart Band-Aid," a wireless sensor affixed to an adhesive strip. One of these, the Sensium from Toumaz Technology can take an ECG, blood pressure, ph-level, and a blood glucose reading. Other Band-Aid–type sensors measure heart rate and body temperature. The sensors transmit their data wirelessly directly to physicians' smartphones.

Promoting Positive Behavioral Change: They Get Us Going

At Mad*Pow, we believe in the transformative power of mobile technologies to improve communication, interaction, and foster behavioral change. Moreover, we have experienced this power first-hand. Earlier this year Megan Grocki, a Mad*Pow Senior Experience Designer, turned her iPhone into a personal trainer and got herself moving after years of exercise resolutions that just didn't "stick."

Megan downloaded the "Couch-to-5k" (C25K) iPhone app, which gave her daily workouts that told her when to warm up, walk, run, and cool down. The app integrated with her music library so she could run to her own soundtrack and send out daily tweets of her runs, complete with pictures shot from her iPhone. Sharing her progress on Twitter kept her focused on her goals and allowed friends and family to share her journey and offer encouragement.

This type of peer support is a key component of any behavioral change program. The teen health website Bodimojo leverages teens and tweens' love of texting, talking, and tweeting to tackle the difficult problem of obesity. Teens can join Bodimojo groups, post and track their fitness goals, upload video content, and send email affirmations to their friends. Soon, they'll be able to use their cell phones to access tools that show healthy portion sizes, support on-the-go food choices, and even help them understand how to handle their ever-changing moods.

Healthrageous, another Mad*Pow partner, promotes healthy lifestyle choices by pairing traditional strategies such as coaching and incentive programs with social network support and smartphone apps to support a "real-time, interactive, feedback-rich experience." We're helping them develop mobile functionality based on the psychology of gaming. It addresses our competitive desire, the way we respond to rewards, and our desire to "share the journey" with friends and family.

Better. Stronger. Faster.

Competition is often a driver of behavioral change. Runners use the Nike+ Sport Kit and shoes to track their time, pace, distance, and calories burned. And now, the makers of Pokémon are turning walkers into winners, getting Nintendo DS addicts off the couch and onto their feet with their new "Pokéwalker" pedometer. Players can transfer a Pokémon from their game device to the pedometer. Every time the player takes a step, the Pokémon gains experience points and the player earns "watts," which can be exchanged for special items and other Pokémon.

Though these examples clearly show how health-related mobile applications can support positive behavioral change, they remain underutilized. This may be due to some of the challenges that are inherent in the mobile healthcare consumer space. The first challenge is to make the utility and value of the app very clear, so people can't wait to use it. Next is to persuade the user to interact on a regular basis. This requires getting to the core of what drives the user's engagement with the app, and delivering information or utility that will get them coming back for more.

Tapping the Power

Mobile technologies inform and engage us. They appeal to our natural desire to connect with each other. And they help bridge the digital divide, making it easier to reach populations who don't have access to desktop or laptop computers.

Our clients come to us at different points along the path toward visioning and executing their mobile strategy. We guide them through a research and strategy process that will deliver a clear plan for mobile:

Organizational Objectives: What are the goals of your organization? What user behaviors are you hoping to elicit or change? How would success for your organization look and feel?

Technical Assessment: How are your current web properties performing on the major mobile platforms? Can platform specific style sheets or adjustment improve the baseline mobile experience as a starting point?

Heuristic, Competitive, and Market Analysis: What does your current mobile presence consist of? What are your competitors up to? Others in the industry? Like minded organizations in different industries?

Foundational Research: What high frequency, high urgency, or high enjoyment tasks will your target users bring to the mobile experience? What will your users expect in a mobile experience? How will those tasks and expectations differ from desktop usage?

Determining Focus: Considering organizational objectives and research insights, where are the biggest areas of opportunity? Brainstorm:

Mobile site: How can the web properties be focused for mobile?

Platform specific applications: How can the native abilities of the platform (gyroscope, GPS, etc.) be leveraged to improve the experience?

SMS & MMS: Will the user be able to get information or interact via text message?

Social media and other channels: What type of coordination is possible with phone interactions, desktop web interactions, email interactions, and social media interactions considering inbound and outbound, proactive and reactive flows.

Rollout Plan: Determine how the mobile vision can be incrementally executed upon, measured, and refined.

There are well-known challenges inherent to developing mobile technologies. Conducting research with end-users and designing applications with them in mind are paramount to overcoming those challenges, as is understanding context and usage issues specific to each set of users and designing solutions to fit. But perhaps most importantly is having the ability to envision sustainable solutions to long-standing problems.

Mobile technology is part of a thread that runs through all aspects of our lives. It can be a conduit for information, streamline communication, and connect individuals, patients, and care providers in countless ways that promote good health and enhance well-being. For today's true innovators mobile is more than just a part of the thread—it's their cornerstone.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR(S)

Amy Cueva is founder and chief experience officer for Mad*Pow. Amy presented at last year’s HIMSS virtual conference and the 5th Annual World Healthcare Innovation & Technology Congress (WHIT5.0), and presented at the 2010 IA Summit and the UPA International Conference. She also led a panel on Healthcare UX Vignettes at the 2010 UPA Boston conference and she will be leading a workshop on Designing Communities of Care at IDEA 2010. Additionally, Amy will be speaking at the 2010 Center for Connected Health Symposium and the 6th Annual World Healthcare Innovation & Technology Congress (WHIT 6.0) later this year. She is the secretary and one of the charter members of the NH UPA and was selected as one of Mass High Tech's Women to Watch in 2009.

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Comments

February 2, 2011

Great article. I think once patient portals are available on smart phones, patients will start to demand them from their doctors. People, including me, lose prescriptions or forget what medicine they are taking, but their phones are practically attached to their bodies.

Hopefully, this new technology will help make Eprescriptions easier to obtain. The hitech act ensures the privacy and security of those involved in the process, a major concern of those who were on the fence about Eprescribing. DrFirst is an excellent example of a company using technology to streamline medicine. Check out their website at http://www.drfirst.com/.

Great article. Most of app development in healthcare so far has focused on the ability to interact with existing information in digital form. Whether it is pharma data, reference information, or even EMR, mobile devices are enabling providers to cut the time spent on accessing and processing data. For NextRoom, we're focusing on realtime interaction with staff and team members - mobile devices that work together to instantaneously inform staff of changes to the workflow.

While cool and fancy apps and devices definitely have their place, I worry that they're not really targeted or realistically available to those that are most at-risk.

One project worth mention is Text4Baby. It's an outreach program to first-time and at-risk mothers that provides tips and milestones for pregnant mothers up till the infant's first year. What I like about it is how it is that it leverages SMS, a very prevalent mobile technology used across all socioeconomic levels and languages. Plus, several carriers have agreed to subsidize the costs of the texts.