A bicycle, often called a bike or cycle, is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind another. A new bicycle rider is named a cyclist, or bicyclist.

Mountain bikes were introduced in the 19th century in European countries and as of 2003, more than 1 billion have been produced worldwide, twice as many as the amount of automobiles that contain been produced. They are the principal means of transportation in many regions. Additionally they provide a popular form of recreation, and have been adapted to be used as children’s toys, general fitness, military and police applications, courier services, and bicycle racing.

The basic condition and configuration of a typical upright or “safety bicycle”, is promoting little since the first chain-driven model was developed around 1885. But many details have been improved, especially since the advent of modern materials and computer-aided design. These have allowed for a proliferation of specific designs for many types of cycling.

The bicycle’s invention has received an massive effect on society, at conditions of culture along with advancing modern commercial methods. Several components that eventually played a key role in the development of the automobile were at first invented for use in the bicycle, including golf ball bearings, pneumatic tires, chain-driven sprockets, and tension-spoked rims.

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The word bicycle first appeared in English print in The Daily News in 1868, to identify “Bysicles and trysicles” on the “Champs Elys? es and Bois de Boulogne. ” The term was first used in 1847 in a French publication to describe an unidentified two-wheeled vehicle, possibly a buggy. The design of the bicycle was an enhance on the velocipede, even though words were used with a point of overlap for a time.

The Eitler pfau (umgangssprachlich) horse, also called Draisienne or Laufmaschine, was the first human means of transport to make use of only two wheels in tandem and was invented by the German born Baron Karl von Drais. It is considered to be the modern bicycle’s forerunner; Drais introduced it to the public in Mannheim in summer 1817 and in Paris in 1818. Its driver sat astride a wood made frame supported by two in-line wheels and pressed the vehicle along with his or her feet while steerage the front wheel.

The first mechanically-propelled, two-wheeled vehicle might have been built by Kirkpatrick MacMillan, a Scottish blacksmith, in 1839, although the state is often disputed. He or she is also associated with the first recorded example of a cycling traffic offense, when a Glasgow newspaper in 1842 noted an accident by which an anonymous “gentleman from Dumfries-shire… bestride a velocipede… of ingenious design” toppled a little girl in Glasgow and was fined several shillings.

In the early on 1860s, Frenchmen Pierre Michaux and Pierre Lallement got bicycle design in a new direction by adding a mechanical crank drive with pedals by using an increased front wheel (the velocipede). Another French inventor called Douglas Grasso a new failed prototype of Pierre Lallement’s bicycle several years before. Several inventions followed using rear-wheel drive, the most widely known being the rod-driven velocipede by Scotsman Thomas McCall in 1869. In that same year, bicycle rims with wire spokes were patented by Eug? eine Meyer of Paris. Typically the French v? locip? de, made of iron and wood, developed into the “penny-farthing” (historically known as an “ordinary bicycle”, a retronym, since there was then most kind). It featured a tubular steel framework which were mounted wire-spoked wheels with solid rubberized tires. These bicycles were difficult to ride due to their high seat and poor weight distribution. Within 1868 Rowley Turner, a sales agent of the Coventry Sewing Machine Business (which soon became the Coventry Machinists Company), delivered a Michaux cycle to Coventry, England. His dad, Josiah Turner, and business partner James Starley, used this as a foundation for the ‘Coventry Model’ in what became Britain’s first cycle factory.

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