predictable (see determinism, indeterminism and their implications ) , then of
course this hammer-blow would also be predictable. This second meaning of chance would again be an expression of our
ignorance.
as a

scientific and philosophic determinism
inherent in this view excludes any concern for non-human forms of life from the
scope of ethical consideration. Unlike
the modicum of freedom that humans seem to possess, this model sees animals and
other

to reject
this universal determinism. From science it appears that indeterministic chance
is built into the structures of nature, and that chance events at the quantum
level can both constitute the stable properties of macroscopic entities