Science and Society

Science and society intersect in myriad ways in the history of immunization. These timelines explore the ethical, legal, cultural, scientific, and technological implications of the science of vaccinogy from its roots in late 18th century England to present times.

Scientific discoveries and technological innovations appear in the Breakthroughs category. Key findings, such as the discovery of various infectious agents, the creation of the first artificially attenuated vaccine, and the development of methods of culturing viruses in the laboratory receive attention.

The Vaccines and Society category highlights the cultural side of the science of vaccinology. Read about legal issues, vaccine resistance, vaccine tragedies, and large-scale immunization efforts.