In Maryland, law enforcement must certify ‘reasonable articulable suspicion’ — as they see it: Section 3-701 of Maryland Code: “…(c) (1) A law enforcement agency may not conduct a covert investigation of a person, a group, or an organization engaged in First Amendment activities unless the chief or the chief’s designee makes a written finding in advance or as soon as is practicable afterwards that the covert investigation is justified because: (i) it is based on a reasonable, articulable suspicion that the person, group, or organization is planning or engaged in criminal activity; and (ii) a less intrusive method of investigation is not likely to yieldsatisfactory results. …“