Footracing is a popular activity in the United States. It is seen not only as a competitive sport but also as a way to exercise, to enjoy the camaraderie of like-minded people, and to donate money to a good cause. Though serious runners may spend months training 5 to compete, other runners and walkers might not train at all. Those not competing to win might run in an effort to beat their own time or simply to enjoy the fun and exercise. People of all ages, from those of less than one year (who may be pushed in strollers) to those in their eighties, enter into this sport. The races are held on city 10 streets, on college campuses, through parks, and in suburban areas, and they are commonly 5 to 10 kilometers in length.

The largest footrace in the world is the 12-kilometer Bay to Breakers race that is held in San Francisco every spring. This race begins 15 on the east side of the city near San Francisco Bay and ends on the west side at the Pacific Ocean. There may be 80,000 or more people running in this race through the streets and hills of San Francisco. In the front are the serious runners who compete to win and who might finish in as little as 34 minutes. Behind them are the thousands 20 who take several hours to finish. In the back of the race are those who dress in costumes and come just for fun. One year there was a group of men who dressed like Elvis Presley, and another group consisted of firefighters who were tied together in a long line and who were carrying a firehose. There was even a bridal party, in which the 25 bride was dressed in a long white gown and the groom wore a tuxedo. The bride and groom threw flowers to bystanders, and they were actually married at some point along the route.

1. The main purpose of this passage is to(A) encourage people to exercise(B) describe a popular activity(C) make fun of runners in costume(D) give reasons for the popularity of footraces2. As used in line 1, the word "activity" is most similar to which of the following?(A) pursuit(B) motion(C) pilgrimage(D) expectation3. The word "cameraderie" as used in line 3 could be best replaced by which of the following?(A) games(B) companionship(C) jokes(D) views4. The phrase "to a good cause" in line 4 could be best replaced by which of the following?(A) for an award(B) to reward the winner(C) for a good purpose(D) to protect a wise investment5. Which of the following is NOT implied by the author?(A) Footraces appeal to a variety of people.(B) Walkers can compete for prizes.(C) Entering a race is a way to give support to an organization.(D) Running is a good way to strengthen the heart.6. The word "beat" as used in line 6 could be best replaced by which of the following?(A) incline(B) overturn(C) outdo(D) undermine7. As used in line 8, the word "strollers" refers to(A) cribs(B) wheelchairs(C) wagons(D) carriages8. In what lines does the author give reasons for why people enter footraces?(A) Footracing . . . and exercise.(B) People of all ages . . . in length.(C) The largest . . . 34 minutes.(D) Behide them . . . a firehose.9. The word "costumes" as used in line 21 most likely refers to(A) outfits(B) uniforms(C) cloaks(D) suits10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?(A) Some runners looked like Elvis Presley.(B) Some runners were ready to put out a fire.(C) Some runners were participating in a wedding.(D) Some runners were serious about winning.11. A "bystander" as used in line 26 refers to which of the following?(A) a walker(B) a participant(C) a spectator(D) a judge12. Which of the following best describes the organization of this passage?(A) chronological order(B) specific to general(C) cause and result(D) statement and example