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Summary

A compelling story of 20th century events and people, including those familiar and unfamiliar to students. The goal of this book is to emphasize what students need to know about America's past to function best in the society that emerged from the 20th century. The authors accomplish this by using a strong, clear narrative as well as integrating political and social history. Twentieth Century America fits the experiences of particular groups into the broader perspective of the American past while giving voice to minor and major players alike. The text is organized chronologically, so students can understand the sequence of events in history. Upon completing this book readers will be able to: Recall the events and people that shaped 20th century American history Understand how 20th century America fits into the whole of American history Apply what they have learned to their own lives Note: MySearchLab does not come automatically packaged with this text. To purchase MySearchLab, please visit: www.mysearchlab.com or you can purchase a ValuePack of the text + MySearchLab (at no additional cost): ValuePack ISBN-10: 0205926290 / ValuePack ISBN-13: 9780205926299.

Author Biography

David Goldfield received his Ph.D. in history from the University of Maryland. Since 1982 he has been Robert Lee Bailey Professor of History at the University of North Carolina in Charlotte. He is the author or editor of thirteen books on various aspects of southern and urban history. Two of his works–Cotton Fields and Skyscrapers: Southern City and Region, 1607-1980 (1982) and Black, White, and Southern: Race Relations and Southern Culture, 1940 to the Present (1990)–received the Mayflower Award for nonfiction and was nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in history. His most recent book is Still Fighting the Civil War: The American South and Southern History (2002). When he is not writing history, Dr. Goldfield applies his historical craft to history museum exhibits, voting rights cases, and local planning and policy issues.

Carl Abbott is a professor of Urban Studies and planning at Portland State University. He taught previously in the history departments at the University of Denver and Old Dominion University, and held visiting appointments at Mesa College in Colorado and George Washington University. He holds degrees in history from Swarthmore College and the University of Chicago. He specializes in the history of cities and the American West and serves as co-editor of the Pacific Historical Review. His books include The New Urban America: Growth and Politics in Sunbelt Cities (1981, 1987), The Metropolitan Frontier: Cities in the Modern American West (1993), Planning a New West: The Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area (1997), and Political Terrain: Washington, D.C. from Tidewater Town to Global Metropolis (1999). He is currently working on a comprehensive history of the role of urbanization and urban culture in the history of western North America.

Jo Ann E. Argersinger received her Ph.D. from George Washington University and is Professor of History at Southern Illinois University. A recipient of fellowships from the Rockefeller Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities, she is a historian of social, labor, and business policy. Her publications include Toward a New Deal in Baltimore: People and Government in the Great Depression (1988) and Making the Amalgamated: Gender, Ethnicity, and Class in the Baltimore Clothing Industry (1999).

Peter H. Argersinger received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin and is Professor of History at Southern Illinois University. He has won several fellowships as well as the Binkley-Stephenson Award from the Organization of American Historians. Among his books on American political and rural history are Populism and Politics (1974), Structure, Process, and Party (1992), and The Limits of Agrarian Radicalism (1995). His current research focuses on the political crisis of the 1890s.

Table of Contents

Found in this Section:

1. Brief Table of Contents

2. Full Table of Contents

1. BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface

Chapter 1: The American Journey in 1900

Chapter 2: Toward a Progressive Society

Chapter 3: Progressive Politics: 1900–1916

Chapter 4: Creating an Empire: 1898–1917

Chapter 5: America and the Great War: 1914–1920

Chapter 6: Toward a Modern America: The 1920s

Chapter 7: Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression: 1929–1933

Chapter 8: Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Great Depression, and the New Deal: 1933–1939

Chapter 9: World War II: 1939–1945

Chapter 10: The Cold War at Home and Abroad: 1946–1952

Chapter 11: The Confident Years: 1953–1964

Chapter 12: Shaken to the Roots: 1965–1980

Chapter 13: The Reagan Revolution and a Changing World: 1981–1992

Chapter 14: Peace, Prosperity, Complacency:1993–2000

Chapter 15: An Uneasy New Century

Bibliography

Glossary of Key Terms and Concepts

Credits

Index

2. FULL TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface

Chapter 1: The American Journey in 1900

New Industry

Inventing Technology: The Electric Age

The Corporation and Its Impact

The Changing Nature of Work

Out on the Farm

Government Responds

New Immigrants

Cultural Connections in a New World

The Job

Nativism

Settling the Race Issue

Black Aspirations and White Backlash

Lynch Law

Segregation By Law

Disfranchisement

A National Consensus on Race

Response of the Black Community

Roots of the Great Migration

New Cities

Centers and Suburbs

The New Middle Class

A Consumer Society

The Growth of Leisure Activities

The Ideal City

Attacking the American Indian Problem

AMERICAN VIEWS Zitkala-Sa’s View of Americanization

An Emerging World Power

MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online

Documents

Thomas Edison, The Success of the Electric Light (1880)

The People's Party Platform (1892)

Lee Chew, "Life of a Chinese Immigrant" (1903)

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)

Ida B. Wells-Barnett, False Accusations (1895)

Opinion of the Supreme Court for Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Richard K. Fox, Coney Island Frolics (1883).

Accounts of the Wounded Knee Massacre (1890s).

Audio

Lynch Law in Georgia

A Republican Textbook for Colored Voters

Video

The Great Migration

Research and Explore

Review Questions

Key Terms

Recommended Readings

Chapter 2: Toward a Progressive Society

The Ferment of Reform

The Context of Reform: Industrial and Urban Tensions

Church and Campus

Muckrakers

The Gospel of Efficiency

Labor Demands Its Rights

Extending the Woman’s Sphere

Trans-Atlantic Influences

Socialism

Opponents of Reform

Reforming Industrial Society

Settlement Houses and Urban Reform

Protective Legislation for Women and Children

AMERICAN VIEWS Mother Jones and the Meaning of Child Labor in America

Social Insurance

Making the State a Parent

Reshaping Public Education

Challenging Gender Restrictions

Reforming Country Life

Moral Crusades and Social Control

Controlling Immigrants

Prohibition The Devil’s Toothpicks

Suppressing Prostitution

Regulating Entertainment

For Whites Only?

Black Activism

Conclusion

MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online

Documents

Personal Journey: Washington Gladden, "The World Is Beginning to See" (1909)

Lincoln Steffens, from The Shame of the Cities (0000)

Eugene V. Debs, The Outlook for Socialism in America (0000)

Profile: Margaret Sanger

The Niagara Movement, Declaration of Principles (1905)

Research and Explore

Review Questions

Key Terms

Recommended Readings

Chapter 3: Progressive Politics: 1900–1916

Reforming Politics and Government

Woman Suffrage

AMERICAN VIEWS The Need for Woman Suffrage

Electoral Reform

Municipal Reform

Progressive State Government

Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressive Presidency

TR and the Modern Presidency

Roosevelt and Labor

Managing Natural Resources

Corporate Regulation

Lurching to the Left?

Taft and the Tensions of Progressive Politics

The Election of 1908

The Blundering President

Woodrow Wilson and Progressive Reform

The Election of 1912

Implementing the New Freedom

The Expansion of Reform

Conclusion

MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online

Documents

National Woman Suffrage Association, Mother's Day Letter (0000)

Gifford Pinchot, The Fight for Conservation (1910).

Theodore Roosevelt, "The New Nationalism," (1910).

Woodrow Wilson, from The New Freedom (1913).

Research and Explore

Review Questions

Key Terms

Recommended Readings

Chapter 4: Creating an Empire: 1898–1917

The Roots of Imperialism

Ideological Arguments

Strategic Concerns

Economic Designs

First Steps

The Spanish-American War

The Cuban Revolution

Growing Tensions

War and Empire

The Treaty of Paris

AMERICAN VIEWS A Southern Senator Opposes Annexation

Imperial Ambitions: The United States and East Asia, 1899–1917

The Filipino-American War

Rivalry with Japan and Russia

Imperial Power: The United States and Latin America, 1899–1917

U.S. Rule in Puerto Rico

Cuba as a U.S. Protectorate

The Panama Canal

Dollar Diplomacy

Wilsonian Interventions

Playing “An Ever Growing Part:” The United States and Europe, 1900–1914

Conclusion

MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online

Documents

Rudyard Kipling, Imperialism and the White Man's Burden (1899)

Personal Journey: Josiah Strong, Our Country (1885)

Alfred Thayer Mahan, The Interest of America in Sea Power (1897)

Theodore Roosevelt, An Imperialist Views the World (0000)

The Teller Amendment (1898)

Liliuokalani, Hawaii's Story (0000)

William McKinley, "Decision on the Philippines" (1899)

Platform for the American Anti-Imperialist League (1899)

Ernest Howard Crosby, "The Real 'White Man's Burden'" (1899)

Theodore Roosevelt, from the Third Annual Message to Congress (1903)

Research and Explore

Review Questions

Key Terms

Recommended Readings

Chapter 5: America and the Great War: 1914–1920

Waging Neutrality

The Origins of Conflict

American Attitudes

The Economy of War

The Diplomacy of Neutrality

The Battle over Preparedness

The Election of 1916

Descent into War

Waging War in America

Managing the War Economy

Women and Minorities: New Opportunities, Old Inequities

Financing the War

Conquering Minds

Suppressing Dissent

AMERICAN VIEWS Mobilizing America for Liberty

Waging War and Peace Abroad

The War to End All Wars

The Fourteen Points

The Paris Peace Conference

Waging Peace at Home

Battle over the League

Economic Readjustment and Social Conflict

The Red Scare

The Election of 1920

Conclusion

MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online

Documents

Boy Scouts of America “Support the War Effort” (1917)

Newton D. Baker, Treatment of German-Americans (1918)

Woodrow Wilson, The Fourteen Points (1918)

A. Mitchell Palmer on the Menace of Communism (1920)

Images

Closer Look: Mobilizing the Home Front

Closer Look: African American Soldiers Return Home

Research and Explore

Review Questions

Key Terms

Recommended Readings

Chapter 6: Toward a Modern America: The 1920s

The Economy That Roared

Boom Industries

Corporate Consolidation

Open Shops and Welfare Capitalism

Sick Industries

The Business of Government

Republican Ascendancy

Government Corruption

Coolidge Prosperity

The Fate of Reform

Cities and Suburbs

Expanding Cities

The Great Black Migration

Barrios

The Road to Suburbia

Mass Culture in the Jazz Age

Advertising the Consumer Society

Leisure and Entertainment

The New Morality

The Searching Twenties

Culture Wars

Nativism and Immigration Restriction

The Ku Klux Klan

Prohibition and Crime

Old-Time Religion and the Scopes Trial

AMERICAN VIEWS Evangelism and the Search for Salvation

A New Era in the World?

War Debts and Economic Expansion

Rejecting War

Managing the Hemisphere

Herbert Hoover and the Final Triumph of the New Era

Conclusion

MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online

Documents

Edward Earle Purinton, Big Ideas from Big Business (1921)

Robert and Helen Lynd, The Automobile Comes to Middletown (1924)

Images

Closer Look: Mobilizing the Home Front

Closer Look: African American Soldiers Return Home

Videos

1920’s Media

The Great Migration

The Harlem Renaissance

Research and Explore

Review Questions

Key Terms

Recommended Readings

Chapter 7: Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression: 1929–1933

CRASH!

From Panic to Depression

The Global Collapse

Hard Times in Hooverville

“Women’s Jobs” and “Men’s Jobs”

Families in the Depression

“Last Hired, First Fired”

Deportation and Discrimination

Discontent in the Depression

Herbert Hoover and the Depression

Self-Help, Popular Culture, and the Community

Businesses and Bankers: Rejecting Voluntary Remedies

The Failure of Voluntarism

AMERICAN VIEWS An Ohio Mayor on Unemployment and Relief

Repudiating Hoover: The Election of 1932

The Bonus Army

The Election of 1932

Waiting for Roosevelt

The Worsening Depression

Financial Collapse

Conclusion

MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online

Documents

Exploring America—The Dust Bowl

Caroline Manning, The Immigrant Woman and Her Job (1930)

Map

Interactive Map—The Great Depression

Research and Explore

Review Questions

Key Terms

Recommended Readings

Chapter 8: Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Great Depression, and the New Deal: 1933–1939

Launching the New Deal

“Action Now!”

Creating Jobs

Helping Some Farmers

The Flight of the Blue Eagle

Critics Right and Left

Consolidating the New Deal

Weeding Out and Lifting Up

Expanding Relief

The Roosevelt Coalition and the Election of 1936

The New Deal and American Life

Labor on the March

Women and the New Deal

Minorities and the New Deal

The New Deal: North, South, East, and West

AMERICAN VIEWS The Commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs on the New Deal for Native Americans