Assignment _1_13_08_MAE295C - 1 Mention five differences...

1. Mention five differences between Active and Passive tags: •Passive tags requires no battery wherein an active tag is reliant upon a battery •Since passive tags do not have an independent power supply as a result it streamlines power from the reader and transmits frequencies to the passive tags antenna from and sleep mode wherein active tags already have a power source wherein it is in the ready mode.•Passive tags read range is no more than up to 20 standard feet compared to an active tag whose ranges can read up to 100 feet or more.•Active tags are more costly and have a shorter service life in relation to battery life and capacity rather than the passive tag which are inexpensive and long tag life due to the absence of a battery draining power.•Active tags are rewritable wherein passive tags are read-only. •Passive cannot hold as much storage (32 or 128 bits of data) as an active tag can store and collect data up to (1MB). 2. Define the permissible frequency ranges for each of the RFID systems described in Slide 3•Low Frequency (LF)– Generally operates from 130 – 140 KHz having shorter transmission ranges with lower systems cost.•High Frequency (HF)– Generally operates between 3 – 20 MHz but the standard HF is 13.56 MHz wherein very popular in Europe. The read range for this particular frequency offers long read ranges up to approximately 10 feet at powerful speeds.•433 MHz– Can read for long distances and sought as a well secured frequency. This frequency necessitates the capability of reading high volumes of data whether random and/or continuous in a two-way communication. •5.8 GHz– the range is limited.•Ultra Frequency (UHF)– Can operate at 900 MHz wherein can read up to 40 feet. On an UHF scale Europe utilizes 868 MHz compared to the US 915 MHz wherein this particular frequency is not allowed in some countries. Not a lot of power is used for UHF. Some applications of UHF are cellular technologies. •Microwave- Operates at a frequency of 2.45 GHz an active identification wherein Japan it is considered as passive system.•Ultra-Band Frequency (UWB)- range from 3.4 to 4.8 GHz and 6 to 8.5 GHz for use in the EC (European Commission) Mandate European countries. The FCC allows the US to use3.1 to 10.6 GHz by UWB RFID tags and devices in the United States. The UWB transmits data over short ranges but wide spectrums at low power resulting in interference issues.

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3. Suppose you were the in charge of Walmart Logistics and you were given the task of defining the RFID standards for tagging cartons of toothpaste, what parameters would you choose (for eg Active vs Passive, R vs R/W, Frequency of operation as described in Slide 4)?

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