Jewish Communal Planning in Big Cities

In recent years, Jewish communities have been called upon to meet and provide for new services, which did not come within the traditional scope of local philanthropies. There has been a recognized need in recent years for the organization of central Bureaus of Jewish Education in order to coordinate the various programs. This piece highlights the efforts in Philadelphia, Los Angeles and Boston in experimenting with the development of an overall agency for planning group work under federation auspices as well as reflecting on overall issues concerning Jewish communal planning in large cities.