FIELD: medical equipment, applicable for curative prophylaxis and for drug therapy of patients with bronchopulmonary diseases.

SUBSTANCE: the respiratory simulator consists of a mouthpiece - air conduit, casing with a cover, ball and a seat with a central hole making up a check valve. The check valve is made for closing at an expiration, its seat is made inside the casing in the form of a tapered recess in it and a central hole, by-pass channels are additionally made in the casing, a perforated diaphragm for limiting the ball motion is installed under the ball. The by-pass channels are made for adjustment of their area at an expiration or at an inhale, or simultaneously at an expiration and inhale and have a means for adjustment of the area of the by-pass channels. The means for adjustment of the area of the by-pass channels is made in the form of combined radial holes in the casing and ring and/or in the cover, and the cover and/or ring are made for restricted turning relative to the casing. The perforated diaphragm is made for tightening of the ball to the seat.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of treatment and simplified construction of the simulator.

14 cl, 16 dwg

The invention relates to medical equipment for use with curative purpose and non-pharmacological treatment of patients with pulmonary and other diseases.

A known method of treatment of bronchopulmonary diseases, based on creating resistance on the inhale and exhale using tool type “whistle”, “Flutter”, etc. the Principle of such devices is described on the example of the simulator breathing “Inga” in Gorbenko P.P. and other “Respiratory vibrator in the prevention and treatment of diseases of the respiratory system, the Almanac for General practitioners “Saint-Petersburg medical Gazette, 1993, No. 3, p.78...79.

The principle of operation of the respiratory vibrator is to create a positive oscillatory pressure at the outlet due to the beat frequency from 11 to 15 Hz) oscillations of the ball located at the exit of the duct, through which a certain amount of pressure the patient exhales. Oscillations positive pressure increase intrabronchial pressure that reaches the peripheral structures and provides bronchodilation effect. The result of treatment is to facilitate sputum discharge, reducing the severity of bronchial obstruction, improving the health of patients, reduction of medication therapy.

It is also known a device for the treatment of bronchopulmonary is of deseases in U.S. Pat.
Germany No. 3624643. It consists of a split housing with slots for output exhaled by the patient air. The case contains a saddle and a metal ball. The housing is connected to the mouthpiece duct, through which the cavity of the body enters the air exhaled by the patient. During exhalation, the ball oscillates periodically blocking the hole in the saddle, which creates oscillations intrabronchial pressure and, therefore, has a massaging effect on the tissue of the pulmonary system.

However, this vibrator allows you to create only one physical factor, due to the mechanical effect intrabronchial vibrations positive pressure, which limits its therapeutic efficacy and spectrum of treatable diseases.

Practical application found trainer-inhaler Frolov in U.S. Pat. Of the Russian Federation No. 1170417. It is quite simple in construction and contains a total of 12 parts, but has a large size. Breathing simulator Pat. Of the Russian Federation No. 2165269 functionally similar to simulator-inhaler according to U.S. Pat. Of the Russian Federation No. 1170417, but structurally much more complex and contains 33 items. Simulators-inhalers in U.S. Pat. Of the Russian Federation No. 2140298 and No. 2124368 contain additional device that provides security when the device is used as an inhaler. The developed device is not to be used as ingest the RA,
since the goal is to create simple, small, but effective design of the breathing simulator.

Also known respiratory simulator RF patent No. 2071360 (prototype), which consists of a mouthpiece-duct housing with a lid, ball and seat with a Central hole.

Tasks of invention - improving treatment effectiveness, broadening the spectrum of treatable diseases, simplifying the design of the simulator and a significant reduction in its size. In addition, the task of providing personalized trainer and regulatory regimes load.

These tasks are achieved due to the fact that in the breathing simulator, consisting of a mouthpiece-duct housing with a lid, ball and seat with a Central hole, forming a check valve, the check valve configured to close when you exhale, the body is made of the overflow drain, between the housing and the mouthpiece-duct installed perforated membrane to limit the stroke of the ball. The saddle can be performed inside, in the form of a conical recess and the center hole. The overflow drain should be carried out to control their area and to apply the means of adjustment of the overflow holes when you inhale. The means of adjustment re asknih holes when the breath is made in the form of a ring with overflow holes
mounted on the case can be rotated. The bypass holes can be made with the possibility of regulation of their area, and must contain a means for regulating the area of the bypass channel during exhalation. The means of adjustment of the overflow holes when you exhale contains the lid with overflow holes, mounted on the housing can be rotated. The device may include means for regulating the area of the bypass channel when you inhale and exhale at the same time. Means to regulate the size of the bypass hole is made in the form of a ring and cover with radial holes, and the ring and cover is made with a possibility of rotation relative to the housing. The ball may be made of metal or plastic, and the perforated membrane is elastic or resilient, with the ability to preload the ball to the seat. The mouthpiece duct may be mounted coaxially with the housing, or at any angle, such as 90° or 145°. The means to regulate the size of the bypass holes may be made with the possibility of discrete regulation and fixing the position.

Studies have shown that the proposed solution has novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability, i.e. all criteria of the invention. Large-scale mass production of the device does not require the duty to regulate special technologies and materials.

In addition to the positive effect achieved when using the prototype, implemented therapeutic effect, which provides the Buteyko method and apparatus Frolov in U.S. Pat. Of the Russian Federation No. 1790417, namely the favourable impact of higher levels of carbon dioxide in the blood:

- cure bronchopulmonary diseases, for example bronchial asthma,

- treatment of a wide range of other diseases,

- pain,

- vasodilator action,

- decrease in blood pressure.

The Buteyko method (site Internet http.www.medlux.ru developed by Konstantin Pavlovich Buteyko is to create a high content of carbon dioxide in the pulmonary alveoli through breathing exercises without the use of hardware. The method consists in the control of breathing until a slight deficiency of air, or hard to speed up the treatment process. As a result, in the alveoli of the lungs increasing the content of carbon dioxide and how it does not seem paradoxical, improves the supply of oxygen to body tissues. This is because the oxygen is delivered to tissues not in the form of gas, and in connection with the hemoglobin of the blood. When the deficiency of carbon dioxide hemoglobin forms with oxygen stable connection and exchange of oxygen to the cells becomes impossible. This is especially dangerous for patients with BD who nhialdiu asthma.

The disadvantage of this method is that to get the effect you want to engage in this method long enough for 1...2 hours daily, which is laborious and requires a lot of willpower. In the Frolov device is implemented the same method but to get the effect enough to breathe using the Frolov device 10 min. the Frolov Device also has disadvantages: it is big in size, can not always be carried in pocket or taken with you when you leave home, for example, in the store or at the cottage, which is necessary, for example, patients with bronchial asthma.

The most significant structural difference of the invention from the prototype is that the check valve is installed in such a way that closes during exhalation, and in the prototype when you inhale it it provides a positive effect and simplifies the design, reduces the size of the device and makes it portable, for example, in a pocket.

The invention is illustrated in figure 1...16 where:

figure 1 shows the scheme of the simplest version of the device

figure 2 - circuit with adjustable resistance on the breath,

figure 3 - with adjustable on the exhale,

figure 4 - scheme with the possibility of regulation on the exhale and the inhale,

figure 5 is a device with an elastic membrane

figure 6 - the device with the latch discre the aqueous turn,

figure 7 shows the elastic membrane

on Fig and 9 - section a-A,

figure 10 - diagram with the location of the mouthpiece of the duct at an angle of 90° to the body axis,

figure 11 - diagram with the location of the mouthpiece of the duct at an angle of 145° to the body axis,

on Fig shows the position of the parts of the device during inhalation,

on Fig shows the position of the parts of the device during exhalation,

on Fig...16 - appearance of one of the variants of the device.

A breathing simulator (figure 1) contains a mouthpiece duct 1, building 2, located at the end of the mouthpiece of the pipe 1. The housing 2 may be collapsible. Inside the housing 2 or in concert with him made saddle 3 with a Central hole “A” and set the bulb 4. Between the housing 2 and the mouthpiece-the duct 1 is perforated membrane 5. In the housing 2 is made the bypass channels “B”, which reported an internal cavity “In” with the environment, to ensure a minimum flow rate of air during exhalation.

The second option (figure 2) with adjustable inspiratory further comprises a cover 6 with overflow (radial) holes “G”, mounted on the housing 2, which is also made of the overflow drain “D”. The cover 6 has limited rotation.

The third adjustable variant of the respiratory simulator (figure 3) contains the ring 7 with the suspended therein a by-pass holes “E”.
In the housing 2 is made of the overflow drain “W”. Instead of holes “E” and “W” can be made grooves. The bypass holes “E” and “W” combined completely or partially. The ring 7 is made with the possibility of restricted rotation due to the groove “And”made in the cover 6 or the ring 7 and pin 8 mounted in the housing 2 (Fig and 9)restricts the rotation.

The fourth option (figure 4) contains both control options that are implemented by the cover 6 and the ring 7. Figure 5 and 7 shows a variant with perforated elastic membrane 5, which draws the ball 4 at the top (or left) position. There are various layout mouthpiece-duct 1 with the housing 2. The discrete device fixing cover 3 (6) may be performed, for example, by means of leaf spring 9. On Fig and 9 shows the section a-a, which shows the operation of the control device by-pass channels in two positions: when fully aligned holes “E” and “W” and maximally overlapped.

Figure 10 shows a layout of the mouthpiece of the pipe 1 and the housing at an angle of 90°and figure 11 is at an angle 145°. Figure 11 shows the device with the location of the axis of the mouthpiece-duct and housing - angle 145°. This location while running the ball 4 of the metal may be appropriate as to ensure Ecevit opening of the valve under its own weight bulb 4.

The position of the device details Fig - expiratory and inspiratory - to Fig, in the first case, the ball 4 is in its upper position, the second at the bottom.

The external appearance of one embodiment of the device shown in Fig...16, includes mouthpiece duct 1, building 2, cover 3 and the ring 7.

The device works in the following way (Fig and 13).

When inhaling the ball 3 opens the Central hole a and the air goes through it and the hole “E” and “W”having a smaller diameter than the Central hole. The result is a delay on the exhale to 20...30 sec. This creates a high content of carbon dioxide in the blood and thus in addition to positive effects on the lungs and bronchi creates a therapeutic effect similar to that create exercises by method Buteyko K.P. and when using the Frolov device on the Pat of the Russian Federation No. 1790417. Then perform the breath for 15 to 20 seconds and then slow breath. Ball 4 (Fig) opens the Central hole a and inhale through hole “D”, “D”, “E” and “W”. In the breath and exhale carbon dioxide in the lungs is increased in 2...3 times, which is sufficient to increase the content of carbon dioxide in the blood.

But unlike the Frolov device the design of the proposed respiratory simulator is much easier and less on ha is aritem.
The Frolov device according to U.S. Pat. Of the Russian Federation No. 1790417 contains the capacity of large volume of 3 l, required for accumulation of carbon dioxide, the proposed method involves the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the lungs of the patient. The small size of the proposed unit creates another positive feature is the ease of operation, as when carrying out medical procedures, the patient can freely move and do some simple work, for example, to walk, to read, write, watch TV. By turning the cover 3 or the ring 7 (Fig and 9) provide individual adjustment of the process of inhalation and exhalation. Adjustment is necessary for individual settings of the simulator, for example, for men, women and children.

The application of the invention allowed:

1. More efficiently than when using the prototype to cure lung diseases, hypertension, arthritis, cardiovascular disease, conduct anesthesia.

2. To prevent not only the pulmonary, but also other diseases, including the cardiovascular system and musculoskeletal system.

3. To reduce the size of the device and make it easy to carry in your pocket.

4. To use the device at any time and in any situation, indoors, at work and on the street, which is especially important for bronchial asthma.

5. To use the device the TWT as the lung simulator for healthy people and athletes.

6. To establish mass production simulator of the same type-size and use it adults and children by setting adjustments on the inhale and exhale.

7. To make an individual adjustment of the phases of the breath, holding your breath and exhale for a given program, gradually increasing the load on the lungs.

1. Breathing simulator, consisting of a mouthpiece-duct housing with a lid, ball and seat with a Central hole, forming a check valve, wherein the check valve is arranged to close when you exhale, the body is made of the overflow drain, between the housing and the mouthpiece-duct installed perforated membrane to limit the stroke of the ball.

2. Breathing exerciser according to claim 1, characterized in that its seat is made inside the body in the form of a conical recess and the center hole.

3. Breathing exerciser according to claim 1, characterized in that the overflow holes are made with the ability to regulate their area and contains the means to regulate the size of the bypass channel when inhaling.

4. Breathing exerciser according to claim 3, characterized in that the means for regulating the bypass hole when the breath is made in the form of a ring with overflow holes mounted on the case can be rotated.

5. Breathing exerciser according to claim 1, characterized those who,
that overflow holes are made with the ability to regulate their area and contains the means to regulate the size of the bypass channel during exhalation.

6. Breathing exerciser according to claim 5, characterized in that the means of adjustment of the overflow holes when you exhale contains the lid with overflow holes, mounted on the housing can be rotated.

7. Breathing exerciser according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains means to regulate the size of the overflow holes when you inhale and exhale.

8. Breathing exerciser according to claim 7, wherein the means to regulate the size of the bypass hole is made in the form of a ring and cover with holes, and the ring and the lid is configured to rotate relative to the body.

9. Breathing exerciser according to claim 1, characterized in that the ball is made of metal.

10. Breathing exerciser according to claim 1, characterized in that the ball is made of plastic.

11. Breathing exerciser according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated membrane is made elastic.

12. Breathing exerciser according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated membrane is made of elastic with the ability to preload the ball to the saddle.

13. Breathing simulator according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing is at an angle to the mouthpiece-the duct.

14. Breathing simulator is the yubom one of claims 1 to 12,
characterized in that the means for regulating the area of the bypass holes made with the possibility of discrete regulation and fixing the position.

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to prevention, and can be used to prevent the risk of stroke in patients with transient disorders of cerebral circulation in a state of depression and sleep disorders

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to anesthesiology and critical care medicine, and can be used when conducting non-invasive diagnostic procedures in patients scheduled (computer and magnetic resonance tomography, ultrasound, neurophysiological study), carried out against the background of spontaneous breathing under anesthesia

FIELD: medical equipment, applicable for curative prophylaxis and for drug therapy of patients with bronchopulmonary diseases.

SUBSTANCE: the respiratory simulator consists of a mouthpiece - air conduit, casing with a cover, ball and a seat with a central hole making up a check valve. The check valve is made for closing at an expiration, its seat is made inside the casing in the form of a tapered recess in it and a central hole, by-pass channels are additionally made in the casing, a perforated diaphragm for limiting the ball motion is installed under the ball. The by-pass channels are made for adjustment of their area at an expiration or at an inhale, or simultaneously at an expiration and inhale and have a means for adjustment of the area of the by-pass channels. The means for adjustment of the area of the by-pass channels is made in the form of combined radial holes in the casing and ring and/or in the cover, and the cover and/or ring are made for restricted turning relative to the casing. The perforated diaphragm is made for tightening of the ball to the seat.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of treatment and simplified construction of the simulator.

SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with decreasing pulmonary ventilation in patient's endurable volume, controlling the rate for carbon dioxide (CO2) gain in expired air and maintaining the rate of its increase. Moreover, decreased pulmonary ventilation should be performed both at the state of rest and while doing physical loading, one should maintain the rate of CO2 gain in expired air being not above 2 mm mercury column/d at the state of rest and 11 mm mercury column in case physical loading to achieve the level of 32.1 mm mercury column at removing vivid symptoms of the disease and 55 mm mercury column in case of prolonged clinical remission. The method enables to improve therapy of hypocarbic diseases and states due to removing CO2 deficiency.

SUBSTANCE: device has curved flexible air-conducting tube and mask segment. The mask segment is shaped to completely fit to the area above the laryngeal orifice. Supporting member has a set of thin flexible ribs branching out from core member stretching from opening area. Having the air duct device mounted, the flexible ribs thrust against the pharyngeal side of cricoid laryngeal cartilage immediately under the esophagus. The mask segment is fixed and thrusts against hard surface without injuring soft esophageal tissues. Versions of present invention differ in means for fixing around the laryngeal orifice of a patient.

SUBSTANCE: device has curved tube, cover, shield, metal cylinder, flexible plate and curved wire. Flexible curved tube is attached to one shield side and ring-shaped bead pressed with the cover is on the other side. One end of metal cylinder is beveled at an angle of 45° and the other one has thin rim. The flexible plate is shaped as the beveled cylinder base. The curved wire is attached to the plate with one end. The flexible tube has oval opening in the maximum curvature region, which area is equal to trachea cross-section area. Metal cylinder is enclosed in the flexible tube and rests with its rim upon the ring-shaped bead of the shield. The plate is mounted on the beveled base and attached to external surface of the cylinder with the other wire end.

SUBSTANCE: device has chamber for accumulating carbon dioxide, bite-board and respiratory pipe. The chamber is manufactured as cylinder having conic bases arranged one in the other smoothly movable one relative to each other. The respiratory pipe with bite-board is available on one of external cylinder tips and single-acting valve with choker is available on the other tip allowing rotation for making resistance to expiration. Reservoir for collecting condensate is mounted on cylindrical surface the external cylinder. Pipe for taking air samples is available on distal external cylinder part cone base.

SUBSTANCE: device has sensing elements built in into mask body so that, when being put on, all required sensing elements are set on patient. The mask has soft flexible material on its perimeter holding the sensing elements inside for making contact with patient skin and making tight sealing. Sensing elements are also available on mask body and corresponding straps or caps. The sensing elements are usable for controlling electromyogram, electroencephalogram, electro-oculogram and electrocardiogram, superficial blood pressure, temperature, pulse, blood oxygen, patient position, patient activity level, sound and patient gas pressure in the mask.

SUBSTANCE: method involves applying diaphragmatic respiration with resistance to expiration. Overpressure equal to the resistance is created at inspiration stage. Breathing is carried out in usual pace in alternating A-type cycles as atmospheric air inspiration-expiration and B-type cycles as exhaled gas inspiration-expiration. Time proportion of breathing with exhaled gas to atmospheric air respiration is initially set not greater than 1. The value is gradually increased and respiration depth is reduced as organism adaptation to inhaled oxygen takes place, by increasing the number of B-type cycles and reducing the number of A-type cycles. Device has reservoir attached to mouth with individually selected expiration resistance. The reservoir has features for supporting gas overpressure at inspiration stage equal to one at expiration stage.

SUBSTANCE: two bronchial tubes are used, one being led through translaringal (nasobronchial or orobronchial) way into right or left bronchus and the other tube through trancheostomic hole led into principal bronchus on the opposite side thereby disengaging lungs below trachea bifurcation.

EFFECT: enabled access to respiratory tract of patient with damaged segment of trachea disconnected from respiration act in order to provide most favorable conditions for performing selective pulmonary ventilation.

SUBSTANCE: treatment course including 15-20 daily procedures consisting of 30-min respiration with hypoxic gas mixture is proposed. Oxygen level in such hypoxic gas mixture is stepwise lowered from one to the next session during first 4-7 days of normobaric hypoxic therapy from 16-17% to 12%. Normobaric hypoxic therapy is included into complex therapy of disease in decayed acute phase or unstable remission phase, or normobaric hypoxic therapy is employed when principal treatment is completed in case of severe progress of disease or before principal treatment course in case of asymptomatic clinical course or in remission phase.