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Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: Very little data are available on which to base an IDLH for acrylamide. For this draft technical standard, therefore, respirators have been selected on the basis of the assigned protection factor afforded by each device up to 2,000 x the OSHA PEL of 0.3 mg/m3 (i.e., 600 mg/m3); only the "most protective" respirators are permitted for use in concentrations exceeding 600 mg/m3). Calculations based on an oral LD50 of 150 to 180 mg/kg for guinea pigs, rabbits, and rats [McCollister et al. 1964] indicate that a worker should be able to escape within 30 minutes without injury or irreversible health effects from 600 mg/m3.

Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal dose data:

Species

Reference

Route

LD50(mg/kg)

LDLo(mg/kg)

Adjusted LD

Derived Value

Mammal

Hashimoto 1979

oral

100-200

-----

700-1,400 mg/m3

70-140 mg/m3

Mouse

Hashimoto et al. 1981

oral

107

-----

749 mg/m3

75 mg/m3

Rabbit

McCollister et al. 1964

oral

150

-----

1,050 mg/m3

105 mg/m3

G. pig

McCollister et al. 1964

oral

150

-----

1,050 mg/m3

105 mg/m3

Rat

Paulet and Vidal 1975

oral

124

-----

868 mg/m3

87 mg/m3

Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.

Revised IDLH: 60 mg/m3

Basis for revised IDLH: No inhalation toxicity data are available on which to base an IDLH for acrylamide. Based on acute oral toxicity data in animals [Hashimoto 1979], a value of about 70 mg/m3 would have been appropriate. However, the revised IDLH for acrylamide is 60 mg/m3 based on being 2,000 times the OSHA PEL of 0.03 mg/m3 that was promulgated in 1989 (2,000 is an assigned protection factor for respirators; only the most reliable respirators are recommended above 2,000 times the OSHA PEL). [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most protective" respirators be worn for acrylamide at concentrations above 0.03 mg/m3.]