Maternity Chpt2

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puberty

starts when secondary sex characteristics appear

ends when mature sperm cells are formed or when regular menstrual cycles occur

Male puberty

begins between 10 - 16

penis and testes increase in size

general growth spurt

female puberty

first outward change is breast development

first menstrual period (menarche) occurs 2 to 2.5 years after breasts form

hips broaden, pubic and auxillary hair

growth ends earlier than boys

hips broaden and pelvis assumes basin shape

the penis

expels urine

deposits sperm into the vagina

consists of glans and body

functions of the testes

make sperm

secrete androgens

testosterone made in the Leydig cells of the testes

Role of FSH and LH in the testes

inititates the production of testosterone in the Leydig cells

Male reproductive ducts

epididymis

vas deferens

ejaculatory ducts

urethra

male accessory glands

seminal vessicles

prostate glands

bulbourethral glands

epididymis

stores (matures) for 2 to 10 days and moves sperm to the vas deferens

vas deferens

carries the mature sperm into the body to the ejaculatory ducts

Ejaculatory Duct

Each vas deferens joins the duct from the adjacent seminal vesicle (one of the accessory glands) to form a short (2cm) ejaculatory duct. Each ejaculatory duct passes through the prostate gland and empties into the urethra.

seminal plasma

secretions from the accessory glands

nourish sperm

protect sperm from the acidic vaginal environment

enhances motility

Female external genitalia (vulva)

Mons Pubis

Labia Majora

Labia Minora

Fourchette

Clitoris

Vaginal Vestibule

Perineum

Mons Pubis

Protects the symphasis pubis

Labia Majora

2 folds of fatty tissue on each side of the vagina

Labia Minora

2 thin, soft folds of erectile tissue inside of the labia majora

Produces bactericidal secretions, lubricates and protect the vulva

Fourchette

Fold of tissue where the labia meet

aka obstetrical perineum

lacerations often occur during childbirth

Vaginal Vestibule

Area seen when the labia minora are separated

Urethral Meatus

Skene’s Ducts

Vaginal Introitus

Hymen

Bartholin Ducts

Perineum

Strong, muscularArea between the vagina and the anus, capable of stretching for delivery