Chris Hopkins

the general public, including individuals with or at risk of OA, to engage in moderate physical activity ( US Department of Health and Human Services, 2008 ). Previous studies have suggested that engaging in physical activity may decrease the loss of physicalfunction caused by aging and OA ( Dunlop

Katie L. Cederberg, Robert W. Motl and Edward McAuley

physicalfunction, based on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and this coincides with elevated risk for developing future disability ( Motl, Chaparro, Hernandez, Balto, & Sandroff, 2016 ; Motl et al., 2015 ). There is increasing interest in the application of physical activity as a behavioral

rates for this population. 1 Patients with ESKD receiving dialysis also suffer impaired physicalfunction (ie, the ability to perform activities of daily living that require physical capability to complete), which worsens with increasing dialysis vintage 4 and is linked to condition-specific muscle

Vera Ramos, Eliana V. Carraça, Teresa Paiva and Fátima Baptista

, Su, Fang, & Chang, 2012 ). Poor sleep can lead to a decrease in physicalfunctioning, memory problems, an increased risk of falls, and an earlier mortality in the older population ( Neikrug & Ancoli-Israel, 2010 ). Regular physical activity/exercise increases average life expectancy through

Residents of socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods have significantly poorer physicalfunction than their counterparts residing in more advantaged neighborhoods. 1 Physicalfunction is defined as one’s ability to perform various activities that require physical capacity, ranging from

Theresa E. Gildner, J. Josh Snodgrass, Clare Evans and Paul Kowal

( Berkman et al., 2015 ). In response to the growing number of older adults globally, several studies on global aging have sought to identify factors promoting health at increasingly advanced ages. For example, maintaining a high level of physicalfunction has been linked with improved well-being at older

This study examined cross-sectional relationships and longitudinal changes in psychological well-being and selected physical conditions in urban and rural older adults. A 2-year longitudinal analysis was conducted as part of the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology—Longitudinal Interdisciplinary Study on Aging in 1993 and 1995 in the urban area and in 1994 and 1996 in the rural area. The participants were 285 men and 341 women in the urban area and 301 men and 427 women in the rural area. Visual capacity and chewing ability were independent predictors of psychological well-being in urban elderly in the 1st survey and in the rural elderly in both surveys, and hearing capacity and movement capability were independent predictors of psychological well-being in urban elderly in the 2nd survey. Decrease in chewing ability was associated with decrease in psychological well-being in urban seniors; deterioration in visual capacity and movement capability was associated with decline in psychological well-being in the rural elderly.

Kayla Regan, Felicia White, David Harvey and Laura E. Middleton

emphasis on lifestyle strategies for the prevention of and therapy for dementia. PWD who take up a variety of exercise programs have better physicalfunction, functional independence, quality of life, and cognitive function compared with those who remain inactive ( Forbes, Thiessen, Blake, Forbes, & Forbes

, greater time spent in total SBs results in poorer cognitive and physicalfunction performance, which is independent of engaging in physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity. 6 – 9 Sedentary behaviors occur on a daily basis within different domains, including work, transport use, and leisure time