Security Considerations on Extending PACE to A Biometric-Based Connection Establishment

The regulations of the European Union (EU) council in 2004 are the basis of the deployment of electronic passports within the EU. Since then EU member states adopt the format and the access protocols to further electronic machine readable travel documents (eMRTD) like national electronic ID cards and electronic residence permits, respectively. The security protocols to communicate with an eMRTD are based on the paradigm of strong cohesion and loose coupling, i.e., each step is designed to ensure only a particular security goal like authorization to access a certain data group, authenticity and integrity of the data, originality of the chip, or the linkage between the eMRTD and its holder.