Wednesday, December 26, 2018

Sensitron is a privately held company, founded in 1969 and located on
Long Island in Deer Park, New York. Products include motor
controllers, diodes, smart power management and conversion, voltage
protection components and embedded boards

The EOS S3 voice and sensor processing platform make it the ideal host SoC for the NM500. It can implement an interface for the NM500, sample the IoT sensor data, and extract features using its embedded FPGA technology.

Because the regulator is and detects only the input-to-output differential voltage, supplies of several hundred volts can be regulated as long as the maximum input-to-output differential is not exceeded. That is, avoid short-circuiting the output.

By connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment pin and output, the LM117 and LM317-N can be also used as a precision current regulator. Supplies with electronic shutdown can be achieved by clamping the adjustment terminal to ground.

The LM117 and LM317-N offer full overload protection such as current limit, thermal overload protection and safe area protection. All overload protection circuitry remains fully functional even if the adjustment terminal is disconnected.

Tuesday, November 27, 2018

Conventional TRIAC dimmers are designed to interface to a resistive load (halogen or incandescent bulb), while today's LED driver solutions interfaced to a standard wall dimmer produce 120 Hz flicker of the LED and/or do not allow 100:1 dimming.

The LM3445 provides a constant current for illuminating high power LEDs and includes a TRIAC . The LM3445 contains all the necessary circuitry to build a line-powered (mains powered) constant current LED driver whose output current can be controlled with a conventional TRIAC dimmer.

Thermal shutdown limits total power dissipation by turning off the output switch when the IC junction temperature exceeds 165°C. After thermal shutdown occurs, the output switch doesn ’t turn on until the junction temperature drops to approximately 145°C

Sunday, November 25, 2018

ROHM Co. Ltd. was established in Kyoto, Japan, in 1958. ROHM designs
and manufactures semiconductors, integrated circuits and other
electronic components. These components find a home in the dynamic and
ever-growing wireless, computer, automotive and consumer electronics
markets.....

Monday, October 22, 2018

The LM78XX series of three-terminal positive regulators is available in the TO-220 package and with several fixed output voltages, making them useful in a wide range of applications. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shut-down, and safe operating area protection.

7805 is popular for Embedded Systems and 7905 is sometimes used for the Dual Supply needs in such Microcontroller cards with Mixed Design sub-sections like A/D or Opamps.

7812 and 7912 are very popular in powering Traditional Opamp or communications circuits with a stable and reliable Dual Supply.

In Instrumentation and Industrial Circuits where Size is not a problem and the current or power usage is less. A Mains transformer, bridge regulators, capacitors and these regulators are a time tested low noise and robust system.

SMPS does have EMI-RFI problems, hence use when small sizes are needed and high currents are required. In battery powered devices switching supplies are inevitable as they are power efficient.

These voltage regulators are monolithic integrated circuits designed as fixed−voltage regulators for a wide variety of applications including local, on−card regulation. These regulators employ internal current limiting, thermal shutdown, and safe−area compensation. 78 and 79 series voltage regulators are the most common in power supplies and easy to use.

Monday, October 15, 2018

The ICM7217 is a four digit, presettable up/down counter with an onboard presettable register continuously compared to the counter. The ICM7217 is intended for use in hard-wired applications where thumbwheel switches are used for loading data, and simple SPDT switches are used for chip control.

This circuit provides multiplexed 7 segment LED display outputs, with common anode or common cathode configurations available. Digit and segment drivers are provided to directly drive displays of up to 0.8 inch character height (common anode) at a 25% duty cycle.

The frequency of the onboard multiplex oscillator may be controlled with a single capacitor, or the oscillator may be allowed to free run. Leading zeros can be blanked. The data appearing at the 7 segment and BCD outputs is latched; the content of the counter is transferred into the latches under external control by means of the Store pin.

This is another Intersil Masterpiece in days when using uP was complex and uC was not available.A 8085 could be used but with many supporting chips and it consumed power. This was a CMOS innovation low on power and just one ASIC had the fexibility for many digital operations.A ThumbWheel and Display Interface completed a Gadget.

Tuesday, October 02, 2018

The LM136-2.5/LM236-2.5 and LM336-2.5 integrated circuits are precision 2.5V shunt regulator diodes. These monolithic IC voltage references operate as a low-temperature-coefficient 2.5V zener with 0.2 dynamic impedance. A third terminal on the LM136-2.5 allows the reference voltage and temperature coefficient to be trimmed easily.

The series is useful as precision 2.5-V low-voltage references (VZ) for digital voltmeters, power supplies, or operational-amplifier circuitry. The 2.5-V voltage reference makes it convenient to obtain a stable reference from 5-V logic supplies.

(This was used by me in the manufacture of Indicators and Controllers and was used in place of ICL8609 as that was not in supply)

Related Resources -

ETX, modification of electronic circuit - By changing the 2,5 Volt reference diode from a fixed LM385 to an adjustable LM336 of 2,5 V, The DC motor voltage and therefore the motor speed can be adjusted.

Precision Op-Amp Current Source - In this circuit we tackle the error indicated in the earlier Current Source. The LM336-2.5V eliminates the tiny error of the regulated supply and resistors. Thereby increasing Precision to a higher degree.

Industrial, Lighting, Wireless Communications are other areas. The Industrial Power Control (IPC) Division have solutions for electrical drives and energy generation components in solar or wind power plants.

The modular design kit for the XMC4500 series. Up to three additional application boards - for actuators and sensors (top), for human-machine interface (HMI) functions (right), and for communication with other systems (left) - can be connected to the basic design board with XMC4500 (middle), depending on the respective application requirements.

This page documents a demo application that uses the FreeRTOS GCC ARM Cortex-M4F port. It targets the Infineon XMC4000 Hexagon Development Kit CPU board, which is populated with an XMC4500 microcontroller.

Monday, September 10, 2018

The LM135, LM235, LM335 are precision temperature sensors which can be easily calibrated. They operate as a 2-terminal Zener and the breakdown voltage is directly proportional to the absolute temperature at 10mV/°K.

Precautions should be taken to ensure good sensing accuracy. As in the case of all temperatures sensors, self-heating can decrease accuracy. The LM135, LM235, and LM335 should operate with a low current but sufficient to drive the sensor and its calibration circuit to their maximum operating temperature.

Temperature Sensors like Thermocouples need cold junction compensation as a part of front end signal conditioning, this is done at the terminal block where the Thermocouple wires are terminated. This design has to be more accurate and broad, if the design we make has to work well in both Tropical and Temperate Climate Zones.

Temperature measurement and control uses the Thermocouple and the Seebeck Effect for measurement. The most common is J Type as it is affordable. K is better and works well even at higher temperatures too.

Thursday, September 06, 2018

These are Burr Brown Devices from TI. The BB Chips are excellent devices and High Precision, but a bit more expensive. These can be used when customer demands a Higher Quality and Precision. These are good for High Reliability Industrial Instrumentation. - delabs

The XTR101 is a microcircuit, 4-20mA, two-wire transmitter containing a high accuracy instrumentation amplifier (IA), a voltage-controlled output current source, and dual-matched precision current reference.

The two-wire transmitter allows signal and power to be supplied on a single wire pair by modulating the power-supply current with the input signal source. The transmitter is immune to voltage drops from long runs and noise from motors, relays, actuators, switches, transformers, and industrial equipment.

Solutions in RF Identification, Power management Chips, Connectivity and for HandHeld Devices.

NXP (for Next eXPerience) Semiconductors is the name for the new semiconductor company founded by Philips.

ADC1x13DW1 Demo board from NXP

"NXP's ADC demo board is suitable for dynamic performance evaluations from low to high IF configuration. The FPGA eases the evaluation and analysis of the ADC dynamic and enables use of the full JESD204A feature set"

The NCP1247 is a new fixed−frequency current−mode controller featuring the Dynamic Self−Supply. This function greatly simplifies the design of the auxiliary supply and the VCC capacitor by activating the internal startup current source to supply the controller during start−up, transients, latch, stand−by etc.

This device contains a special HV detector which detect the application unplug from the AC input line and triggers the X2 discharge current. This HV structure allows the brown−out detection as well.

Saturday, August 04, 2018

The ADS7816 is a 12-bit, 200kHz sampling analog to- digital converter. It features low power operation with automatic power down, a synchronous serial interface, and a differential input. The reference voltage can be varied from 100mV to 5V, with a corresponding resolution from 24mV to 1.22mV. - From TI Applications

Low power, automatic power down, and small size make the ADS7816 ideal for battery operated systems or for systems where a large number of signals must be acquired simultaneously. It is also ideal for remote and/or isolated data acquisition.

The ADS7816 is a classic successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital (A/D) converter. The architecture is based on capacitive redistribution which inherently includes a sample/hold function.

The converter is fabricated on a 0.6µ CMOS process. The architecture and process allow the ADS7816 to acquire and convert an analog signal at up to 200,000 conversions per second while consuming very little power

Saturday, June 23, 2018

The CD4020BC, CD4060BC are 14-stage ripple carry binary counters, and the CD4040BC is a 12-stage ripple carry binary counter. The counters are advanced one count on the negative transition of each clock pulse. The counters are reset to the zero state by a logical "1" at the reset input independent of clock.

Tuesday, June 12, 2018

ADuCM360 is a Low power precision analog microcontroller, ARM cortex M3 with dual sigma-delta ADCs. There is an Application note and Evaluation Kit from Analog Devices. This solutions helps you evaluate a part of a Process Control or Data Acquisition module that you may wish to design.

"In the circuit, the ADuCM360 is connected to a Type T thermocouple and a 100 Ω platinum resistance temperature detector (RTD). The RTD is used for cold junction compensation. The low power Cortex-M3 core converts the ADC readings to a real temperature value. The Type T temperature range supported is −200°C to +350°C, and this temperature range is converted to an output current range of 4 mA to 20 mA."

The thermocouple used in this application is a Type T (copper-constantan) that has a temperature range of −200°C to +350°C. Its sensitivity is approximately 40 μV/°C, which means that the ADC in bipolar mode, with a PGA gain of 32, can cover the entire temperature range of the thermocouple.

The RTD was used for cold junction compensation. The particular one used in this circuit was a platinum 100 Ω RTD, Enercorp PCS 1.1503.1. It is available in a 0805, surface-mount package. This RTD has a temperature variation of 0.385 Ω/°C.

Saturday, June 09, 2018

The LM3914 is a monolithic integrated circuit that senses analog voltage levels and drives 10 LEDs, providing a linear analog display. A single pin changes the display from a moving dot to a bar graph. Current drive to the LEDs is regulated and programmable, eliminating the need for resistors. This feature is one that allows operation of the whole system from less than 3V.

The circuit contains its own adjustable reference and accurate 10-step voltage divider. The low-bias-current input buffer accepts signals down to ground, or V-, yet needs no protection against inputs of 35V above or below ground. The buffer drives 10 individual comparators referenced to the precision divider. Indication non-linearity can thus be held typically to ½%, even over a wide temperature range.Millivolt Meter using a LM3914 LED Dot Display

Operating as a unity gain follower, dc gain accuracy is 0.002% typical and acquisition time is as low as 6 µs to 0.01%. A bipolar input stage is used to achieve low offset voltage and wide bandwidth. Input offset adjust is accomplished with a single pin, and does not degrade input offset drift.

The wide bandwidth allows the LF198 to be included inside the feedback loop of 1 MHz op amps without having stability problems. Input impedance of 1010Ohm allows high source impedances to be used without degrading accuracy.

P-channel junction FET's are combined with bipolar devices in the output amplifier to give droop rates as low as 5 mV/min with a 1 µF hold capacitor. The JFET's have much lower noise than MOS devices used in previous designs and do not exhibit high temperature instabilities. The overall design guarantees no feed-through from input to output in the hold mode, even for input signals equal to the supply voltages.

Monday, May 21, 2018

"The buck-boost regulator circuit delivers -5V output. I hoped this would a nice way to generate a negative voltage for e.g. an LCD-display. However this circuit requires component values that are similar to the buck regulator at high load."

Saturday, May 19, 2018

This is another versatile and flexible chip. I could design current sources, voltage to current transmitters, level translation and many more. You can think of applications beyond the Power Electronics Scope with this.

"The circuit provides internal current limiting. When the output current exceeds 150mA an external NPN or PNP pass element may be used. Provisions are made for adjustable current limiting and remote shutdown."

The LM723/LM723C is also useful in a wide range of other applications such as a shunt regulator, a current regulator or a temperature controller

Some Specs -

Input voltage up to 40V, Output voltage adjustable from 2 to 37V, Output current to 150mA without external pass transistor and Adjustable current limiting.

Friday, March 23, 2018

STMicroelectronics was created in 1987 by the merger of SGS Microelettronica of Italy and Thomson Semiconducteurs of France. It is well know to engineers for very reliable and robust Power Devices and Integrated Circuits from Analog and Mixed-Power Signal to Embedded Devices.

Segments include semiconductors for industrial applications, MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems), Sensors and chips for wireless and mobile applications. IC Interface and Management Solutions that are part of computing and embedded Systems.

Transistors, Analog & Mixed Signal ICs

EMI Filtering & Conditioning

Automotive Devices and Systems.

Microcontrollers, ARM, ASIC

Power Devices and Motor Control

Thyristors & ACSwitches and Motor Control

EVAL6235PD demonstration board

Fully integrated DMOS three-phase brushless DC motor driver. Used in conjunction with the EVALPRACTISPIN interface board and practiSPIN software, the board provides an evaluation platform to test the features of the L6235 device. In particular, the board provides a means to evaluate the power dissipation performance of the IC in the PowerSO package.

Wednesday, March 21, 2018

The LM111, LM211 and LM311 are voltage comparators that have input currents nearly a thousand times lower than devices like the LM106 or LM710. They are also designed to operate over a wider range of supply voltages: from standard ±15V op amp supplies down to the single 5V supply used for IC logic.

Both the inputs and the outputs of the LM111, LM211 or the LM311 can be isolated from system ground, and the output can drive loads referred to ground, the positive supply or the negative supply. Offset balancing and strobe capability are provided and outputs can be wire ORed.

These devices consist of four independent voltage comparators that are designed to operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from dual supplies also is possible, as long as the difference between the two supplies is 2 V to 36 V, and VCC is at least 1.5 V more positive than the input common-mode voltage.

Monday, February 26, 2018

This pair is my favorite when driving small solenoids or motors. SOT-32 and 12 Watts on Heatsink. This means any small solenoid, relay or DC motor can be controlled with this. I would use it upto 24V DC and max of 1A for applications of full on and full off.

Friday, February 23, 2018

The SG3525A pulse width modulator control circuit offers improved performance and lower external parts count when implemented for controlling all types of switching power supplies. The on-chip +5.1 V reference is trimmed to +/-1% and the error amplifier has an input common-mode voltage range that includes the reference voltage, thus eliminating the need for external divider resistors. Half Bridge, Push-Pull.

Wednesday, January 24, 2018

The Intersil ICL7106 and ICL7107 are high performance, low power, 31/2 digit A/D converters. Included are seven segment decoders, display drivers, a reference, and a clock.

The ICL7106 is designed to interface with a liquid crystal display (LCD) and includes a multiplexed backplane drive; the ICL7107 will directly drive an instrument size light emitting diode (LED) display.

This is one of the first mixed CMOS IC, I used it after studying Intersil CMOS Hot Ideas Book. It is also the most widely used Display chip. Many Millions of Instruments are built using this chip both in Instrumentation and Industrial Automation.

The ICL7106 was most popular in Hand Held DMM's and Clamp Meters as it used to drive a LCD Display. ICL7109 was to interface with Digital Comparators and Microprocessors.

Wednesday, January 17, 2018

The Intersil ICL7135 precision A/D converter, with its multiplexed BCD output and digit drivers, combines dual-slope conversion reliability with ±1 in 20,000 count accuracy and is ideally suited for the visual display DVM/DPM market. The 2.0000V full scale capability, auto-zero, and auto-polarity are combined with true ratiometric operation, almost ideal differential linearity and true differential input. All necessary active devices are contained on a single CMOS lC, with the exception of display drivers, reference, and a clock.

Wednesday, January 10, 2018

The company is distributed over three continents. It has three 300mm fabs and five 200mm fabs. The major facilities for research, development and design enablement located near hubs of semiconductor activity in the United States,

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