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English soldiers under various commanders, including Henry Bird and Henry Hamilton, conducted raids with their native allies against American outposts, such as Fort Laurens, in the Ohio Country. American military commanders, such as Archibold Lochry, George Rogers Clark, Daniel Brodhead, David Williamson, Edward Hand, and William Crawford, also attacked the British and their Native American allies. On several occasions, the American military destroyed native settlements and murdered Indian captives. The most brutal example of this was the Gnadenhutten Massacre in 1782. Once the war ended in 1783, tensions continued to remain high between the Americans and the Indians. Violence continued as settlers moved into the territory won from the English in the American Revolution.