Voting day: A Thai pro-election protester takes cover after he aimed his gun and shot toward anti-government demonstrators during clashes in Bangkok on Saturday. Violence erupted in the capital on the eve of tense Thai elections, with explosions and heavy gunfire breaking out in clashes between pro- and anti-government protesters. | AFP-JIJI

Gunfire, explosions rattle Bangkok as factions clash on eve of vote

BANGKOK – Gunfire rang out across a busy intersection in Thailand’s capital for more than an hour Saturday as protesters and government supporters clashed on the eve of tense nationwide elections. At least seven people were wounded, including an American photojournalist.

People caught up in the mayhem crouched behind cars and ducked on a pedestrian bridge while others fled inside a nearby shopping mall. Several masked gunmen wearing armored vests bent down under a highway overpass as one of them fired a weapon concealed in a sack.

The confrontation began after a group of pro-government supporters marched to a district office in the northern Bangkok suburb of Laksi. The office, which housed ballot boxes, had been surrounded by protesters who have been trying to derail Sunday’s vote.

As gunfire rattled the area and people screamed in fear, an enraged mob of pro-government supporters wielding huge sticks smashed the windshields of a car carrying protesters that sped away. The two sides also fought with rocks and firecrackers. Associated Press journalists saw a gunman firing an assault rifle, and another firing a pistol as he lay on his stomach on the road.

According to the city’s emergency services, at least six Thai’s were wounded, including a reporter for the local Daily News newspaper. An American photojournalist, James Nachtwey, also was grazed by a bullet in the leg.

The violence is part of a months-long struggle being waged by protesters who have seized half a dozen major intersections in Bangkok and are trying to overthrow Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra’s beleaguered government, which they accuse of corruption.

At least 10 people have been killed and nearly 600 wounded since late last year. The latest flash point is Sunday’s election, which the protesters oppose because they say they want reforms first and that it will do nothing to end the crisis. There has been almost no campaigning, and none of the traditional contests between candidates vying for office.

Instead, the vote is shaping up as a battle of wills between protesters and the government — and those caught in between who insist on their civil rights. On one side are demonstrators who say they want to suspend the country’s fragile democracy to institute anti-corruption reforms, and on the other, Yingluck’s supporters and civilians who know the election will do little to solve the nation’s crisis but insist the right to vote should not be taken away.

“How did we get to this point?” asked Chanida Pakdeebanchasak, a 28-year-old Bangkok resident who was determined to cast her ballot Sunday no matter what happened. “Since when does going to vote mean you don’t love the country?”

The protesters, a minority that cannot win power at the polls, are demanding the government be replaced by an unelected council that would implement political and electoral reforms to combat deep-seated problems of corruption and money politics. Yingluck has refused to step down, arguing she is open to reform and such a council would be unconstitutional.

In the run-up to Sunday’s vote, Thailand’s muted capital has been gripped by a palpable sense of dread and uncertainty over whether demonstrators will physically block voters from getting inside polling centers. Campaign posters bearing Yingluck’s images have been ripped apart and punched through, defaced with a blunt message: “Get Out.”

Although unrest already hit Bangkok and polling stations may not open in some parts of the south if ballot materials don’t arrive in time, voting is expected to proceed smoothly in most of the country.

Police said they will deploy 100,000 officers nationwide, while the army is putting 5,000 soldiers in Bangkok to boost security. More than 47 million people are registered to vote.

Whatever happens, the outcome will almost certainly be inconclusive. Because protesters have already blocked candidate registration in some districts, parliament will not have enough members to convene. That means Yingluck will be unable to form a government or even pass a budget, and Thailand will be stuck in political limbo for months as by-elections are run in constituencies that were unable to vote.

A power vacuum may entice the military to step in and declare a coup as it did in 2006, when Yingluck’s elder brother, ex-Premier Thaksin Shinawatra, was deposed. Thaksin lives in exile but has remained a central — and highly polarizing — figure in Thailand’s political strife ever since. The rural majority in the north adore him for his populist policies, such as virtually free health care, while Bangkok’s elite and many in the south consider him and his family a corrupting influence on the country. Protesters say Yingluck is a puppet of her billionaire brother.

Another possibility is what is being called a “judicial coup.” Analysts say the courts and the country’s independent oversight agencies all tilt heavily against the Shinawatras’ political machine, and Yingluck’s opponents are already studying legal justifications to nullify Sunday’s vote.

“I think probably we are moving toward a judicial coup of some sort,” said Chris Baker, a Bangkok-based political analyst and writer. “I think we are moving toward a position in which some part of the judicial machinery, be it the Anti-Corruption Commission, the Constitutional Court, some combination of this, will somehow bring down this government.”

The protests began in earnest late last year after the ruling party tried to push through an amnesty bill that would have allowed Thaksin to return from exile. Desperate to defuse the crisis, Yingluck dissolved the lower house of parliament in December and called new elections.

But the protests only intensified, and Yingluck — now a caretaker prime minister with limited powers — has found herself increasingly cornered. Thai courts have begun fast-tracking cases that could see Yingluck or her party banished from power, and the army has pointedly left open the possibility of intervening again if the crisis is not resolved peacefully.