Education
EDUCATION is the process of facilitating learning , or the
acquisition of knowledge , skills , values , beliefs , and habits .
Educational methods include storytelling , discussion , teaching ,
training , and directed research .
EducationEducation frequently takes place
under the guidance of educators, but learners may also educate
themselves .
EducationEducation can take place in formal or informal settings
and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks,
feels, or acts may be considered educational. The methodology of
teaching is called pedagogy .
EducationEducation is commonly divided formally into such stages as preschool
or kindergarten , primary school , secondary school and then college ,
university , or apprenticeship . A right to education has been recognized by some governments and the
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Euclid's Elements
The ELEMENTS (
Ancient GreekAncient Greek : Στοιχεῖα Stoicheia) is a
mathematical treatise consisting of 13 books attributed to the ancient
Greek mathematician
Euclid in
AlexandriaAlexandria ,
Ptolemaic Egypt circa 300
BC. It is a collection of definitions, postulates, propositions
(theorems and constructions ), and mathematical proofs of the
propositions. The books cover plane and solid
Euclidean geometry ,
elementary number theory , and incommensurable lines. Elements is the
oldest extant large-scale deductive treatment of mathematics . It has
proven instrumental in the development of logic and modern science ,
and its logical rigor was not surpassed until the 19th century.
Euclid's ElementsEuclid's Elements has been referred to as the most successful and
influential textbook ever written
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Mosaic
A MOSAIC is a piece of art or image made from the assemblage of small
pieces of colored glass , stone, or other materials. It is often used
in decorative art or as interior decoration . Most mosaics are made of
small, flat, roughly square , pieces of stone or glass of different
colors, known as tesserae . Some, especially floor mosaics, are made
of small rounded pieces of stone, and called "pebble mosaics". Others
are made of other materials. Mosaics have a long history, starting in
Mesopotamia in the 3rd
millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in
TirynsTiryns in Mycenean Greece;
mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical
times, both in
Ancient GreeceAncient Greece and
Ancient RomeAncient Rome . Early Christian
basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and
ceiling mosaics
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Discussion
CONVERSATION is interactive, communication between two or more
people. The development of conversational skills and etiquette is an
important part of socialization . The development of conversational
skills in a new language is a frequent focus of language teaching and
learning .
Conversation analysis is a branch of sociology which studies the
structure and organization of human interaction, with a more specific
focus on conversational interaction
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Library Of Alexandria
The ROYAL LIBRARY OF ALEXANDRIA or ANCIENT LIBRARY OF ALEXANDRIA in
AlexandriaAlexandria ,
EgyptEgypt , was one of the largest and most significant
libraries of the ancient world . It was dedicated to the Muses , the
nine goddesses of the arts. It flourished under the patronage of the
Ptolemaic dynastyPtolemaic dynasty and functioned as a major center of scholarship from
its construction in the 3rd century BC until the Roman conquest of
EgyptEgypt in 30 BC, with collections of works, lecture halls, meeting
rooms, and gardens. The library was part of a larger research
institution called the
Musaeum of
AlexandriaAlexandria , where many of the most
famous thinkers of the ancient world studied
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Pompeii
POMPEII was an ancient Roman town-city near modern
NaplesNaples , in the
Campania region of Italy, in the territory of the comune of
PompeiPompei .
Pompeii, along with
HerculaneumHerculaneum and many villas in the surrounding
area, was mostly destroyed and buried under 4 to 6 m (13 to 20 ft) of
volcanic ash and pumice in the eruption of
Mount VesuviusMount Vesuvius in AD 79. Researchers believe that the town was founded in the 7th or 6th
century BC by the
Osci or Oscans. It came under the domination of Rome
in the 4th century BC, and was conquered and became a Roman colony in
80 BC after it joined an unsuccessful rebellion against the Roman
Republic . By the time of its destruction, 160 years later, its
population was estimated at 11,000 people, and the city had a complex
water system, an amphitheatre , a gymnasium , and a port
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Homonym
In linguistics , a HOMONYM is one of a group of similar words that
have different meanings, depending on when they're used. A more
restrictive definition sees homonyms as words that are simultaneously
homographs (words that share the same spelling, regardless of their
pronunciation) and homophones (words that share the same
pronunciation, regardless of their spelling) – that is to say they
have same pronunciation and spelling, but different meanings. The
relationship between a set of homonyms is called HOMONYMY. Examples of
homonyms are the pair stalk (part of a plant) and stalk (follow/harass
a person) and the pair left (past tense of leave) and left (opposite
of right). A distinction is sometimes made between "true" homonyms,
which are unrelated in origin, such as skate (glide on ice) and skate
(the fish), and polysemous homonyms, or polysemes , which have a
shared origin, such as mouth (of a river) and mouth (of an animal)
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Etymologically
ETYMOLOGY (/ˌɛt.ɪˈmɒl.ə.dʒi/ ) is the study of the history of
words , their origins, and how their form and meaning have changed
over time. By extension, the term "the etymology (of a word)" means
the origin of the particular word. For a language such as Greek with a long written history ,
etymologists make use of texts in these languages and texts about the
languages to gather knowledge about how words were used during earlier
periods of their history and when they entered the languages in
question. Etymologists also apply the methods of comparative
linguistics to reconstruct information about languages that are too
old for any direct information to be available. By analyzing related languages with a technique known as the
comparative method , linguists can make inferences about their shared
parent language and its vocabulary. In this way, word roots have been
found that can be traced all the way back to the origin of, for
instance, the Indo-European language family
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Ancient Athens
ATHENS is one of the oldest named cities in the world, having been
continuously inhabited for at least 5000 years. Situated in southern
EuropeEurope ,
AthensAthens became the leading city of
Ancient Greece in the first
millennium BC, and its cultural achievements during the 5th century BC
laid the foundations of western civilization . During the early
Middle Ages , the city experienced a decline, then
recovered under the later
Byzantine EmpireByzantine Empire and was relatively
prosperous during the period of the
Crusades (12th and 13th
centuries), benefiting from Italian trade. Following a period of sharp
decline under the rule of the
Ottoman EmpireOttoman Empire ,
AthensAthens re-emerged in
the 19th century as the capital of the independent Greek state
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Habit (psychology)
A HABIT (or WONT) is a routine of behavior that is repeated regularly
and tends to occur subconsciously. The
American Journal of Psychology (1903) defines a "habit, from the
standpoint of psychology, a more or less fixed way of thinking,
willing, or feeling acquired through previous repetition of a mental
experience." Habitual behavior often goes unnoticed in persons
exhibiting it, because a person does not need to engage in
self-analysis when undertaking routine tasks. Habits are sometimes
compulsory. New behaviours can become automatic through the process
of HABIT FORMATION. Old habits are hard to break and new habits are
hard to form because the behavioural patterns which humans repeat
become imprinted in neural pathways, but it is possible to form new
habits through repetition
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Formality
A FORMALITY is an established procedure or set of specific behaviors
and utterances, conceptually similar to a ritual although typically
secular and less involved. A formality may be as simple as a handshake
upon making new acquaintances in Western culture to the carefully
defined procedure of bows, handshakes, formal greetings, and business
card exchanges that may mark two businessmen being introduced in
Japan. In legal and diplomatic circles, formalities include such
matters as greeting an arriving head of state with the appropriate
national anthem . Cultures and groups within cultures often have varying degrees of
formality which can often prove a source of frustration or
unintentional insult when people of different expectations or
preferences interact. Those from relatively informal backgrounds may
find formality to be empty and hypocritical , or unnecessarily
demanding
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Values
In ethics, VALUE denotes the degree of importance of some thing or
action, with the aim of determining what actions are best to do or
what way is best to live (normative ethics ), or to describe the
significance of different actions. It may be described as treating
actions themselves as abstract objects, putting value to them. It
deals with right conduct and living a good life, in the sense that a
highly, or at least relatively highly, valuable action may be regarded
as ethically "good" (adjective sense), and an action of low in value,
or somewhat relatively low in value, may be regarded as "bad". What
makes an action valuable may in turn depend on the ethic values of the
objects it increases, decreases or alters. An object with "ethic
value" may be termed an "ethic or philosophic good" (noun sense). Values can be defined as broad preferences concerning appropriate
courses of action or outcomes. As such, values reflect a person's
sense of right and wrong or what "ought" to be
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Experience
EXPERIENCE is the knowledge or mastery of an event or subject gained
through involvement in or exposure to it. Terms in philosophy such as
"empirical knowledge " or "a posteriori knowledge" are used to refer
to knowledge based on experience. A person with considerable
experience in a specific field can gain a reputation as an expert .
The concept of experience generally refers to know-how or procedural
knowledge , rather than propositional knowledge : on-the-job training
rather than book-learning. The interrogation of experience has a long term tradition in
continental philosophy.
ExperienceExperience plays an important role in the
philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard . The German term Erfahrung, often
translated into English as "experience", has a slightly different
implication, connoting the coherency of life 's experiences
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