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Marcus Julius Philippus Severus (Philip II) was the son of the Philip the Arab by his wife Marcia Otacilia Severa. He was six years old when, in February or March 244, his father became emperor and he was made caesar. In 247, he was consul, and in July or August, he was elevated to Augustus and co-ruler. His father was killed in battle by his successor Decius in late 249. When news of this death reached Rome, Philip II was murdered by the Praetorian Guard. He died in his mother's arms, aged eleven years.

Anazarbus was founded by Assyrians. Under the early Roman Empire, it was known as Caesarea. It was the Metropolis (capital) of Late Roman province Cilicia Secunda. It was the home of the poet Oppian. Rebuilt by the Eastern Roman emperor Justin I after an earthquake, it became Justinopolis in 525. In late 1097 or early 1098 it was captured by the armies of the First Crusade and was incorporated into Bohemond's Principality of Antioch. The old native name persisted, and when Thoros I, king of Lesser Armenia, made it his capital early in the 12th century, it was known as Anazarva. The Mamluk Kingdom of Egypt finally destroyed the city in 1374.RP87142. Bronze AE 26, Ziegler An 725 (Vs1/Rs3,= ANSCD 1944.100.53084); SNG BnF 2118 (same dies); SNG Pfälzer 234 (same); BMC Lycaonia p. 37, 34; SNG Levante -, gF, full circles centering on a broad flan, light deposits/encrustations, light corrosion, weight 9.926 g, maximum diameter 26.3 mm, die axis 0o, Anazarbus mint, as caesar, 244 - 245 A.D.; obverse bare headed, draped and cuirassedbust right, seen from behind; reverse ANAZAPBOV MHTPOΠ, capricorn left above globe on exergue line, ET ΓΞC (year 263) in exergue; ex Roma Numismatics esale 39 (26 Aug 2017), 482; very rare; $80.00 (€68.00)

Diocaesarea, Cilicia was known as Olba until it was renamed during the reign of Vespasian. According to a legend told by Strabo (Geography, 14.5.10), the temple of Zeus Olbius was founded by Ajax, one of the Greek heroes of the Trojan War. The city and its surrounding territory was a theocracy, ruled by the hereditary priests of the temple.RP57201. Bronze AE 29, SNG BnF 886, SNG Levante 678, SNG PfPS 423, Staffieri 27, BMC Lycaonia -, gF, weight 14.238 g, maximum diameter 29.0 mm, die axis 180o, Cilicia, Diocaesarea mint, as caesar, 244 - 246 A.D.; obverse M IOYΛIOC Φ[IΛIΠΠOYC K CE]B, bare-headed, draped, and cuirassedbust right; reverse A∆PIA ∆IOKAICAPEΩN MHT (MHT ligate), thunderbolt on throne of Zeus Olbios, lions on arms, KENNATΩ in exergue; rare; $50.00 (€42.50)

Philip II, July or August 247 - Late 249 A.D., Cyrrhus, Cyrrhestica, Syria

Cyrrhus was founded by Seleucus Nicator, one of Alexander the Great's generals, shortly after 300 B.C., and named for Cyrrhus in Macedonia. It was taken by the Armenian Empire in the 1st century B.C., then became Roman when Pompey took Syria in 64 B.C. By the 1st century A.D., it had become a Roman administrative, military, and commercial center on the trade route between Antioch and the Euphrates River crossing at Zeugma and minted its own coinage. It was the base of the Roman legion Legio X Fretensis. The Sassanid Persian Empire took it several times during the 3rd century. In the 6th century, the city was embellished and fortified by Justinian. It was taken by the Muslims in 637, the Crusaders in the 11th century, and Nur ad-Din Zangi recaptured it in 1150. Muslim travelers of the 13th and 14th century reported it as a large city and largely in ruins. Its ruins are located in northern Syria, near the Turkish border, about 70 km northwest of Aleppo and 24 km west of Kilis, Turkey.GB73055. Bronze AE 28, Butcher 21c; BMC Galatia p. 137, 34; SNG Munchen 505; Price-Trell 673; SNG Cop 49 corr. (Philip I); SGICV 4143, aVF, well centered, rough green patina with reddish earthen highlighting, weight 14.440 g, maximum diameter 27.9 mm, die axis 135o, Cyrrhus mint, Jul/Aug 247 - late 249 A.D.; obverse AYTOK K M IOY IYΛ ΦIΛIΠΠOC CEB, laureate, cuirassed and draped bust to right, from behind; reverse ∆IOC - KA-TEB-ATOY, KYPHCTΩN, hexastyle temple Zeus Kataibates, in which statue of the god is seated facing with thunderbolt in right hand, scepter in left hand, eagle at his feet on left, bull leaping right above temple; $50.00 (€42.50)