J.H.M. Nieuwenhuijshttp://repub.eur.nl/ppl/4943/
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RePub, Erasmus University RepositoryPotency of veterinary rabies vaccines in The Netherlands: A case for continued vigilance.http://repub.eur.nl/pub/3580/
Mon, 01 Jan 1996 00:00:01 GMT<div>E.J.M. Rooijakkers</div><div>J.H.M. Nieuwenhuijs</div><div>A.A. Vermeulen</div><div>A.D.M.E. Osterhaus</div><div>G. van Steenis</div>
Commercial rabies vaccines, used by veterinarians in the Netherlands, were collected for testing in the mouse potency test. Of the six vaccines tested, two were clearly below the minimal requirements for potency of 1.0 IU. Of these six vaccines the rabies virus glycoprotein (GP) and nucleoprotein (NP) contents were determined in an antigen competition ELISA. The GP content proved to correlate well with the potency found in the mouse potency test (r = 0.95, p < 0.01), whereas no such correlation was found for the NP content (r approximately 0, p > 0.05). After the manufacturers were told about the results, one of the two vaccines that did not comply with the requirements was withdrawn from the market. Measurement of the GP content of a second lot of the remaining vaccines indicated that sufficiently high levels of GP were present in all five. Additional in vivo testing in mice for efficacy against intracerebral challenge with the Dutch bat rabies virus EBL1-12 resulted in acceptable levels of protection with four of these five vaccines of the second lot. The data presented illustrate the need for continued potency evaluation of veterinary rabies vaccines in the Netherlands.Hantavirus infections in The Netherlands: epidemiology and disease.http://repub.eur.nl/pub/3523/
Sun, 01 Jan 1995 00:00:01 GMT<div>J. Groen</div><div>M.N. Gerding</div><div>J.G.M. Jordans</div><div>J.P.G. Clement</div><div>J.H.M. Nieuwenhuijs</div><div>A.D.M.E. Osterhaus</div>
A serological survey for the prevalence of hantavirus infections in The Netherlands was carried out on > 10,000 sera, from selected human populations, and different feral and domestic animal species. Hantavirus-specific antibodies were found in about 1% of patients suspected of acute leptospirosis, 10% of patients with acute nephropathia, and in less than 0.1% haemodialysis and renal transplant patients. Among individuals with a suspected occupational risk, 6% of animal trappers, 4% of forestry workers, 2% of laboratory workers and 0.4% of farmers were seropositive. The majority of the seropositive individuals lived in rural and forested areas. The main animal reservoir of the infection was shown to be the red bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus). Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory findings seen in serologically confirmed human cases were similar to those associated with nephropathia epidemica.