Total Value of Capital Importation into Nigeria Stood at $5,513.55m in Q2 2018 - NBS

The total value of
capital importation into Nigeria stood at $ 5,513.55 million in the second
quarter of 2018. This was a decrease of 12.53% compared to Q1 2018, but a
207.62% increase compared to the second quarter of 2017. The decline recorded
in the second quarter was as a result of a decline in Portfolio and Other
Investments, which declined by 9.76% and 24.07% respectively. The largest
amount of capital importation by type was received through Portfolio
investment, which accounted for 74.7% ($4,119.5m) of total capital importation,
followed by Other Investment, which accounted for 20.5% ($1,132.8m) of total
capital, and then Foreign Direct Investment FDI, which accounted for 4.7%
($261.4m) of total capital imported in the second quarter.

Figure
1: Capital Importation (2015 Q2 - 2018 Q2)

Capital
Importation by Type

Capital Importation can
be divided into three main investment types: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI),
Portfolio Investment and Other Investments, each comprising various
sub-categories. Since 2017 Q2, Portfolio Investment has been expanding faster
than the other two categories. Although the absolute value of Portfolio
Investment declined in Q2 on a quarterly basis, falling from $4,565.09 million
in Q1, 2018 to $4,119.46 million in Q2, 2018, it remained the largest component
of the total Capital Importation in the quarter under review, followed by Other
Investments, and then FDI. The chart below shows the composition of Capital
Importation in Q2, 2017 and Q2, 2018.

Figure
2: Capital Importation Composition Q2, 2017 & Q2, 2018

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)

In the second quarter of 2018, total Foreign Direct Investment stood at
$261.35m, growing by 5.97% from the first quarter of the same year, but falling
by 4.75% when compared to the corresponding quarter of last year. FDI
represented only 5% of the total capital import. Equity Investment dominated
FDI in the second quarter, accounting for 97.85% of total FDI received in the
second quarter. Capital Importation in the form of Other Capital saw
significant expansion, from only $5,000 as recorded in Q1 to $5.63 million in
Q2, an increase of over 1000percent compared to the same period of last year.

Portfolio Investment

Portfolio Investment
remained the most significant component of total capital inflow into Nigeria in
the second quarter of 2018, although it contracted by 9.76% over the previous
quarter. The total value of Portfolio Investment in Q2 recorded was $4,119.46
million, which was a 434.64% growth compared to Q2, 2017 ($770.51 million). The
9.76% Q-on-Q decrease was due to a fall in the largest sub-component-- Money
Market Instruments. Capital Importation in the form of Money Market Instrument
stood at $2,670.93 million in the second quarter, which was a 24.29% decrease
over the previous quarter. Investments in both Equity and Bonds (under
Portfolio Investments) reported steady quarter-on-quarter growth, with 49.43%
and 19.13% respectively. It is worth noting that investments in Bonds under
this Capital Importation type has been steadily increasing since Q2, 2017, and
in Q22018 , it accounted for 9.71% of total Portfolio Investment.

Figure
3: Composition of Portfolio Investment

Other Investments

Other Investments amounted to $1,132.75 million in the second quarter of
2018. This category continued its decline since the beginning of 2017, from
$1,526.9m in Q4, 2017 down to $1,491.9 in Q1, 2018, and further falling by
24.07% in Q2, 2018. This category
accounted for 20.5% of total Capital Importation in the second quarter of 2018.
As in previous periods, Other Investment was dominated by Loans ($1,121.66
million), which accounted for over 99% of Other Investments in the reviewing
quarter. Other Claims fell sharply, from $223.49 million in Q1 to $11.08
million in Q2. Trade Credits and Currency Deposits posted no inflow in the
second quarter of 2018.

Figure
4: Composition of Other Investment (2015 Q2- 2018 Q2)

Capital
Importation by Sector

By sector, Capital could
be imported either in the form of Shares or directly imported into different
economic sectors of the economy. Capital importation as shares, which is
closely related to Equity investment (FDI and Portfolio Investment) dominated
the second quarter of 2018 reaching $4,091.55 million, or 74.21% of the total
capital Importation in the quarter. The contribution of Share investment
increased marginally by 0.03% in the second quarter of 2018.

Figure
5: Proportion of Shares to Total Capital Importation in $ million (2014Q1- 2018 Q2)

A total of $1,422.15
million or 25.79% of the total foreign capital was directly invested in
different economic sectors in Q2,2018. This was a decline of 43.36% from the
$2,510.90 million recorded in the previous quarter. In the second quarter of
2018, the Servicing sector became the leading recipient of foreign capital
Inflow into Nigeria, attracting $479.85 million. The banking sector, which
followed, recorded $294.96 million in the second quarter of the year, a
considerable reduction from the $1,180.01 million realised in Q1, 2018.
Production, Financing and Agriculture sectors received $479.9million, $150.32
million and $104.97 million in foreign capital investment respectively in the
second quarter. These five economic sectors together accounted for over 87% of
the total capital investment (excluding Shares). The Trading sector attracted
$60.35 million in q2, 2018 which was a significant growth from the $27.33
million recorded in previous quarter. The IT Service sector also had
substantial improvement in foreign capital inflow in the quarter under review,
recording a value of $48.04 million in q2, 2018, up from the $1.10 million
recorded in the first quarter.

Figure 6:
Capital Importation by Sector 2018 Q2

Capital
Importation by State

The Federal Capital
Territory, Abuja, at $2,547.73 million, maintained its lead among recipients of
capital import in the second quarter of 2018 after surpassing Lagos in the
fourth quarter of 2017. This represented 46.21% of the total capital
importation into Nigeria in the quarter under review, and was followed by Lagos
which received the second largest amount of capital inflow, $1,267.65 million
or 30.08% of the total. When compared to the preceding quarter, however, the
capital inflow into Abuja and Lagos, declined by 28.13% and 37.80%
respectively. Abia State received $1,267.65 million, accounting for 22.99% of
the total capital importation in the quarter. Abuja, Lagos, and Abia together
represented more than 99% of the total capital import in the second quarter. Foreign
capital investment in Akwa Ibom and Ogun recorded $16.10 million and $12.74
million respectively, a decline of 63.09% and 48.05%, over the previous
quarter. Enugu, which only had marginal foreign inflow previously, recorded
$1.31 million in the second quarter and became the eighth top destination in
Nigeria to attract foreign capital investment.

Figure
7: Capital Importation Map by State in $ (2018 Q2)

Capital
Importation by Country of Origin

The United Kingdom maintained its top position as
source of capital investment in Nigeria in the second quarter of 2018, with
$1,772.53 million. This accounted for 32.15% of the total capital inflow
in Q2,2018, but was a 21.29% decline from the previous quarter. Since 2010, the
UK has accounted for the highest amount of capital importation in all but two
quarters (both in the second half of 2015).

The US recorded $1,224.09 million total Capital
Importation into Nigeria in the second quarter of 2018, which was a 2.85%
decline from the amount recorded in the first quarter of 2018. The US has also
been one of the most important origins in Nigeria, usually either the largest
or second largest investor country.

Capital imports from the United Arab Emirates was
$535.98 million while $297.32 million was imported from Switzerland. Capital
inflow from Ghana in the second quarter of 2018 was $156.30, which was a 58.88%
decline from the previous quarter.

Figure
8a: Capital Importation by Country of Origin in $ millions (2018 Q2)

Figure
8b: Capital Importation by Country of Origin in $ millions (2018 Q2)

Capital
Importation by Bank

Capital is imported
through financial institutions into Nigeria. In the second quarter of 2018, the
bank through which the highest share of capital flowed was Stanbic IBTC Bank,
accounting for 54.9% of the total foreign capital inflow, slightly up from the
48.5% share recorded in the previous quarter. This was followed by Standard
Chartered Bank, CitiBank, Access Bank and Zenith Bank which accounted for
14.82%, 13.11%, 3.61% and 3.52% of the total capital importation in the second
quarter of 2018 respectively. Together, the six banks accounted for nearly 90%
of capital importation in Q2 2018.