5 Topology: definition and propertiesTopology is a study of properties of a figure that are unaffected by any deformation, as long as there is no tearing and joining of the figure (Gonzales & Woods, 1992)Topology properties:Euler number E: E = C – HC = number of connected componentsH = number of holes

14 Texture Features (Sumber: Gonzales & Woods, 1992)Texture descriptors may be used to describe a region. No formal definition of texture exists. Intuitively, the descriptors provide measures of properties such as smoothness, coarseness, and regularity.