Could Behavioral Finance Play a Role in Boosting Our Economic Health?

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Times are a bit bleak in these United States. Between mass shootings, hurricanes, political turmoil, a resurgent white supremacist movement, threats of a nuclear showdown with North Korea, massive consumer data breaches, and uncertainty over immigration, healthcare, and other major domestic policies, it has not been an easy year for many of us.

The resulting angst from this chaotic stew hangs over the country like thick fog, and it could go on to impact not only our individual lives, but also the country’s financial health for years to come. That was one big takeaway from a recent gathering of behavioral economists, who study how psychological and social factors affect the financial decisions of individuals and institutions, as well as the consequences for market prices, returns, and resource allocation.

Last month, the University of Michigan’s Center on Finance, Law, and Policy and ideas42 hosted a behavioral finance symposium to examine these issues and discuss new financial products being developed by the government and private sector, re-writing investment rules, utilizing technology to spark innovation and better protect consumers, and how behavioral factors might influence future national policymaking.

The Center for Financial Services Innovation (CSFI), a non-profit organization on a mission to improve the financial health of all Americans and use finance as a force for societal good, was at the symposium to detail its work helping financial institutions and service providers become part of the solution. (Also speaking at the symposium was Nobel Laureate Robert Shiller; see the sidebar at the end of the article for some of his thoughts on behavioral finance and consumer protection.)

First, let’s look at some of the grim statistics. According to CSFI, 57 percent of Americans are struggling financially; 43 percent of the country struggles to pay bills and credit payments; 30 percent say they could only make ends meet for three months or less if they were to experience a sudden drop in income; and 27 percent have less than $1,000 saved for retirement.

But the current ill financial health of the country is not, as many assume, a problem of financial literacy or not knowing enough, Andres explains.

“The dominant narrative is that consumers just need better financial education, but nobody knows how to manage money better than people without it,” she says. “There are a lot of structural issues at play, like rising income inequality, and the cost of living rising at a higher rate than wages. But I think a lot of it is a mismatch between financial services and customers.”

Financial institutions are designing products based on the default assumption that their customers get a paycheck every week or two, but that’s not the case for a growing number of people, Andres points out.

“People are dealing with a shocking amount of income volatility, even people with higher-paying jobs,” she says. “If your expenses spike at the same time your income dips, you can get in real trouble.”

The CSFI defines financial health as “daily financial systems helping in the face of emergencies and seeding opportunities when they come,” Andres says. “If the daily systems are not working right and nudging good decisions, then consumers are not able to be as resilient and it creates a cascading effect. Our focus is on getting daily systems healthy.”

Much of Andres’s work involves building a network of financial services providers from a wide variety of entities and connecting them to research, ideas, and innovations. Members of CSFI’s network of more than 100 providers includes PayPal, Bank of America, Visa, JP Morgan Chase, GreenDot, Wells Fargo, and CapitalOne.

The CSFI also, in partnership with JP Morgan Chase, runs a Financial Solutions Lab, an incubator that aims to find, test, and scale promising ideas to help people improve their credit and build wealth. Every year, the lab puts out a call for specific financial services solutions and chooses up to 10 participants from hundreds of applicants, Andres says. They get cash, coaching, and access to the organization’s network while they develop and test their products. Andres says the lab is currently in the third year of a five-year program.

“The [lab participants] are not there for the money, but to be part of a community of like-minded companies,” she adds. “Some companies may have built a model using a punitive strategy, but the folks we deal with are interested in a different model.”

Andres would like to see financial product innovations like the ones CSFI’s lab churns … Next Page »