"The aim of this study was to further investigate the role of Syk in airway contractility in response to methacholine (MCh) and particulate matter (PM) air pollutants, in the absence of underlying inflammation.” Their results “suggest that Syk mediates airway contractility in the normal and allergic airways, independent of its role and function in leukocytes, and supports a paracrine role for airway epithelial Syk in modulating airway smooth muscle activity."1