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the carolina watchman vj viilâ€”third series salisbury k c october 4 1877 no 50 p,om ua new york observer my t b a mp bl mi -â€¢ 8 robbins one morning n the broad piaz 0 four summer home with rlaraerton's vei lholiiu " in my hand i was intcr 1 bj hearing the gate open and in a ! steps ii ihe walk now nothing ia i more utterly unassuming than this ome the house is one story and i ' lialli , ll . pa inl ha en fresher days sn ., ( ., irl alh ili'i i i air of absentee â€¢ sl â€ž; besides wc are out of the village au l cousequently removed from chance visitors when the gate rattled on its hinges ;-, trick it well understood 1 al ways knew some friend was on bis way ,â€ž the market-men were round on their ! ,] a iiy calls but this step on this morning had a peculiarity which aid to ine tramp \ liefore between the low-lying branches of die avenue of norway spruces i saw the voun man coming toward me lie was slight graceful in his movements rather well-dressed and lifted his hat with allo : i gentlemanly air as h saw me everybody has a timid streak mine lav in the fear of tramps for as i have paid oar house is quite out of the village ; j.,l i)n french window shabbily fast ened ofl'er easy ingress at any hour of jay ui night doors there are too every j where with aud without bolts as it may happen very much at the mercy we are of every lawless i in ruder bul this young man tramp though he undeniably was had i clear gray eve which met mine ; fullv as i looked up from my book and a . with a kind of pathos that had al niii-i a hungry pleading as i waited for his request he stopped at a short dis i.mii nn and began nervously to break off small twigs from the tree by which he stood neither of us speaking al length i asked : do you w i-h anything .'" i'lu not u.-cd to begging ma'am he broke out in a low musical voice but i j have had a long walk and ! am almost ! starved if you would give me some breakfast and lei me work to pay for i irds 1 should be very much oblig . ed to you fieri tu tl if he had only said before ' ll ha .- had a hearty breakfast ' ami all the ghosts of political economy thai haunted my brain would have been ) laid ii the instant : bill afterward â€” there ii was iu the true lazy good-for-nothing tramp style i pamper to idle begging nni ifl knew myself if a man will nol ! work neither shall lie eat was a part of â€¢ ray bible in which i rigidly believed so j i said turning the haves of my book a little impatiently : you are to young and too healthy to be a begg.ir von look to me as if you were made for better things not a word poke he iii answer he just turned n his heel and was slowly leav ing the van w hen my heart â€” a miserable weak heart thai is always at war with my principle gave a greal tug and i called after him : conic buck you shall have your breakfast i only wish you had proposed t earn ii before you ate it he did uot turn an.l i called again in a softer tone i should be sorry to turn even a dog away hungry comeback 1 will tell in cook to ive you a lite he stopped came back a step or two lid i'm 1 am nol a dog i am poor can't ret work and am out in search of it i haven't a cent and 1 don't want what 1 ii.'i earn 1 would have offered to earn ! in food first liu i am weak and faint for i van of it i come back ! come back '.'" i said now more cordially than 1 would have welcom j ed the prince of wales sit down on i tin piazza : it is cool here ; and bridget i shall bring your breakfast out the tone drew him : he sat down on a corner of the piazza at the greatest dis | t.in.-e trom my chair aud i left him there while 1 put my head inside my kitchen door to astonish my cook to whom my order for the summer had been perempto : ry nn food under any circumstances ! for tramps with gel a nice a break fast as you can bridget oul of what you have cooked and bring it at once to the the man's faint mann !'' said bridget staring at me breakfast as quick as you can on the piazza for one anything bridget 1 ouly so it don't take you long to get it hurry will yon !"â€” seeing her put her hands on her hips a position the meaning ol which i only too well understood : so 1 shut ihe door and went back tomy tramp apparently be had not moved yet i iu-t own as i saw him i noticed thai the seat he had chosen was directly iu front i a window ihat opened to i view of tbe whole iu-i.le ofthe house 1 was ashamed ofmyselfto find i thought instantly of v bureau that stood in full sight and '"> watch with a jewel box ihat i knew 1 had left on its top ; but this suspicion was only a stirring of the timid ghosl nud lot iti be ivonden d at bridget i need hardly say to any ex perienced housekeeper did not hurry and while we waited i fell into achat w th the young man he said he came ' from down south had walked up the other side of the lake hoping among the waters there he should finda job but -.. many had been before him with the same expectations he had with diticulty done enough to earn his food ; he hadn't slept in a bed for three weeks and take the wear and tear of his clothes and the loss of his strength lie was going home even poorer than he left there was some thing about him so different from any oth j er tramp 1 had ever seen that all my i round theories went where a woman's the : ories are apt to go 1 say it with shame j and confusion of face but i must tell the ' truth at whatever cost and i began to feel interested in him now i said if he don't try the mother dodge i really shall feel like helping him ; at least i will ask my husbaud to let him do any odd chores he may have about the place ; but if be j begins to talk to ine about bis mother i j shall expect the next thing will be a re j quest for money â€” that will never do but be didn't 1 found him intelligent ! quite up in matters of daily public inter i est and inclined to bring them forward i now and then i detected his eyes wander i ing toward the door through which he ex j peered iiis breakfast to be brought but otherwise no impatience until the well lill . ed salver in bridget's reluctant arms made j its appearance the salver was well lill j ed bridget could take a license as well as any cook but she knew me well enough ' in know when it would be pest not to venture and acted accordingly i have seen wild beasts led but it i ' i seemed to me as i stole a glance now and then at my tramp thai 1 had never known j what eating ravenously meant before be seemed literally to have been starved poor fellow pom fellow i 1 i kept re pealing to myself i dare say from our prejudice against this class we do them often a grievous injustice just suppose now 1 had tinned a hungry man â€” a hun gry man as that â€” away unfed how sadly i should have regretted it by-and-by in that other world where even onr tramp mistakes will rise up against ns because : ye have not w-d the hungry therefore ye ' are none of mine well this one at least was getting a good hearty meal and then there would be the work yes of course the work â€” in payment that i should insist upon ; my political economy demanded it ns only just there was a salver of empty dishes very soon and the young man got up and ! shook himself as i have seen a big new j fouudlaud dog do after a hearty meal : ' sonic how his expression seemed to have changed the pathos had all died out i was not so well pleased with it and my i determination to enforce the work rapid ! iy strengthened now i said 1 will find something for you to do come with me yes nia'ani just lifting iiis hat ar the back of our house was i large woodpile waiting to be packed neatly away in the adjacent woodhonse there i suggested pointing to the wood and its shelter do what yon think your breakfast has been worth to you and then come to me my plan had been to try his honesty in the way of payment and then hire him at ' ... rather an unusual rate of wages to finish , the job becoming again absorbed in wender liolme i quite forgot my tramp until i ! sudd tily wakened to a consciousness thai ] the regular sound of idling wood bad ceas ' ed for sonic time evidently the man's meal had been paid for but what had be come of him .' with a slight misgiving i made my way with as little delay as pos sible to the woodpile noone was there a few slicks had been thrown in a sloven ly way inside the woodhonse door and thai was all as i stood looking in ii heard a snicker it's the only word that will describe the sound and i knew brid get was somewhere watching me it was insult added to my injury i have only a few word to add by way of moral reflections : never allow your heart to get the better of your head ! believe in political econo my iu your bible in your lii nily-estab j lished prejudices lay no ghost pre serve intact your natural timidities ! re coguize ihem as your guardian angels and above all beware of tramps ! that night i went as usual to wind up my watch but i didn't do it alwaays orderly i sought to put my jewelry away in its pretty case imt 1 didn't do it and y.i my tramp had not spoken of his mother the vailed presbyterian in an article entitled picnic religion speaking of camp-meetings and other arrangements for summer services says all these plans of religious ruralizing are of doubt ful credit to our christianity in some respects they are injurious they subject the church to the charge of seeing sensual pleasure under the guise of piety and more than this there is in many instances a shrewd financial operation in the con venticle surroundings a man wishes to make money piously and invites his fel low-believers to conic together to work and worship the main chance all the while ! overshadowing in his thought the devo tion be i.s professing among current scandals none are so scandalous as these wordly policies coated with a thin varn ish the concord register tells of a quilt be longing to miss maggie winecoff of rowan county which contains 9,299 pieces letter from spain by henry day esq la manctia many a lover of dux quixote or don quijote as the spaniards call him would go to spain for the sake of viewing the scenes where the famous knight ind his doughty squire gained immortal renown on our way from toledo to grenada we pass through the province of la muncha which alone the genius of cervantes could ! have made famous it is a treeless coun try it.s soils impregnated with salt with | a lew squalid villages with a race of poor j but industrious people of whom sambo i panzu is a good specimen at menzenares wc arc in the centre and in the capitol of the province of la mancba here we are within a few miles ofthe little inn venta de quesada where don quijote was knighted and occasionally we pass one of those wind-mills or a flock of sheep which furnished an opportunity for the display of his martial prowess the peasants of spain have the most implicit belief in the existence of this re nowned knight he is a reality to them his marvelous adventure and those of the cid are the great fund of song and story at the village inns of spain about fifty miles further on we reach the station of baeza here there are mines of lead aud copper worked and worked in the same manner as they were under the ro mans two hundred years ago herescipio the younger fought a great battle with asdrubal about 200 b c here you may see the ruins ofthe palace of hiniilee the wile of hannibal but the crowning in nor of this place i.s that it is the birth place of st ursula who so heroically end ed her life at cologne with lier 11,000 vir gins whose bones we have many of us seen there lt is generally bud taste to sii.il a good story but i must be allowed the explanation of this legend which is that it arose from a mistaken reading oi'an old manuscript which was ursula et nl m n 7 ".," meaning eleven martyred virgins from toledo to grenada our way runs nearly south crossing the headwaters of the gaudiana and the gaiidalquiver we strike the latter at menjibar from whence it flows southwesterly to the atlantic passing in its course crodova and seville two of the most beautiful cities in spain it is not the beautiful clear poetic river sometimes described in song in winter and spring it is swollen antl turbid cut ting away its bunks and overflowing them in summer it dwindles to a shal low stream winding through wide tree less meadows x t1ik diligence at menjibar we leave the railroad which is very circuitous in it.s route to grenada for the diligence if we wish to see real spanish life customs dress and the people as they live we must take the diligence through the small villages stopping at the posadas and ventas as the village inns tire called in a line day with a beautiful mountain scenery mounted on the driver's seat with six horses or unties each having bells the diligence is the very poetry of travelling due postillion rides one of the leaders from eight in the morning till eleven o'clock at night â€” eighty miles without a rest it is said that these postillions be fore the days of railroads rode from mad rid to grenada a journey of two hundred miles in two days and a night we had another attendant who seemed to be a conductor and went the whole journey another called the mayoral drove the team having reins only for the wheel horses he would drive only from one station where horses were changed to another and always came with and left bis team and had the entire charge of them in the stables and on the road he carried with him a bag of stones which he would throw with great skill at the leaders which his whip would not reach the driver talked and shouted to the horses all the way and at a certain sound at the foot ofa hill they would break into a run about every eight miles the dri ver with his horses would leave and a new driver and a fresh team would take their places tbe postillion carried a horn slung around his neck with which he heralded our approach to every vil lage leaving menjibar we wind onr way for a short distance along the banks of gandalquiver which we soon cross on an iron bridge and make our way up out of the valley on to the high treeless plains which aro bare and muddy in winter and hot and parched in summer till spanish police for fifteen miles we see not a tree not a fence not a field of grass scarcely a house or a person except the guards who patrol the roads these guards civiles are stationed on most of the travelled routes of spain for protection against ban ditti they are sometimes mounted and always well armed dressed in military uniform with a cocked hat they are found at every railway station in every village and at regular distances upon all the roads they ire fine-leoking men of good character we found them miles away from any dwelling two together patrolling the roads over which wo pass ed always armed with a musket they have rendered travelling safe in all parts of spain signts an'd smells a ride of fifteen miles over plains which have every appearance of barrenness gradually rising brings us to the ancient city of jacn which is beautifully situated among the bills it is the key to grenada j from the north mountains rise around it ! in every direction it has a cathedral aud a number of fine churches and sonic famous relics as we have no partiality for old bones teeth finger nails locks of hair or old rags we speud no time upon them here we made our first trial at a venta or country inn as we were to travel till eleven o'clock at night with out anything to eat my guide brought me a most delicious morsel of veal fried in vinegar and garlic which with bread was all tbe venta afforded we were contented with oranges and bread for onr day's provision our fellow-travellers here provided themselves for tbe day bread sausages seasoned with garlic and fried iu garlic during a shower we were obliged to ride in the coupe shut up with two of tbem every i\-\v minutes they would partake of the sausage and politely offer me some after indulging in this food for some time tbey became thoroughly impregnated with odor tbey breathed garlic from within ; their pockets emitted garlic from without garlic was every where the air was filled with it and such garlic who can describe shut up in close coupe with these two bodies the odor was terrific and sea sickness is a comfort to what i felt 1 was obliged to open the window put my bead out and pretend to look at the beautiful scenery at jena we are about fifty miles from grenada our road lies through winding valleys along which mountain torrents rush in winter and the beds of which are often used as roads in summer we as cend gradually through pass after pass where band to hand the moors and the christians fought every inch four centur ies ago we are now amoug the sierra susanna which bound tlie vega of grena da on the north their lofty snow-cap ped heights look down into one of the most fruitful and lovely valleys under the sun the approach to grenada as we emerged from this mountain val ley and descend into the vega a new world bursts upon us the how of the waters diverted from the mountain streams for irrigation is everywhere heard like music vou exchange sterility for verdure of living green ; the orange lem on and fig-trees everwhere abound lilled with bloom or fruit ; the air i.s fragrant with flowers beautiful villas setting back from the road surrounded by gardens be gin to appear through this wealth of living verdure the road broad and lined with trees makes it.s way up to grenada like the approach to the city ofa great king the night i.s upon us before we reach the gates of the city two old moorish towers frown upon us from above the gates as we enter through the massive walls we wind our way through the narrow and dimly-lighted streets until we reach the eastern side of the city and ascend through a grand avenue of trees to the height of the alhambra to the hotel washington irving which is just without the walls oi the ancient fortress blunt but true there is said to be a young man in the missouri penitentiary whose parents at their death left him a fortune of 50,000 there is where bis parents made a fatal mistake if they had taken the precau tion to invest that sum in a small dog and shot him and then had simply left the young man a jackplane or a wood saw with printed instruct ions how to use it the chances are that instead of being in the penitentiary he would to-day have been gradually but surely work ing his way up to handsome competency honorable old age but ever since the days of adam and eve parents have made it a point to toil and struggle all their lives in order to realize a sufficient sum of money to purchase when they ue dead and gone their sons each a first class through ticket to the devil and it is not much to be wondered at that so many of their sons reared in vice and idleness as too many of them often are have no high er ambition than to invest their inheri tance in just that sort of transportation e=>4 gone how significant this solitary word upon a tombstone ! like a bird of passage the little stranger had lighted upon this planet had tarried for a brief day and then had flown forever and this is with respect to us all soon shall we till be gone and the places that have known us will know us no more forever and where shall we be whither shall we have fled ? we shall still exist wc shall continue in being somewhere and where ? whether or not in some blest abode will depend on our improvement of the passing hour behold now is the accepted time : behold now is the day of salvation !" h s mt gilead montgomery county gave 62.50 to the orphan asylum effect of music on animals translated from the french for the x y observer by ruth pool music has different effects upon differ ent men and those effects depend much upon the impression received and the habits formed in childhood a harmony which would entrauce a cultivated ear would leave a savage unmoved it is uot then surprising that music acts vari ously upon tbe different kinds of animals the sound of instruments impresses them and often very keenly wind instru ments for example have a singularly ex citing effect on dogs to these they sel dom become accustomed the first sound which strikes them call forth frightful howls herdsmen and shepherds in sonic countries calls their flocks with a long horn and notwithstanding the dog hears from it every day the same air it draws from him each time cries of distress there is however an instance of a dog bufficently fond of harmony to allow his master to give him a certain degree of musical education this animal belong ed to a german composer ofa name very few tongues can pronounce but i will venture to write it it was schneitzhoeffer well ! the man of this astonishing name succeeded in teaching resual la to a dog the animal retained the lesson and al ways after at the command of his master would raise correctly the note the horse unlike tbe dog takes pleas ure in music at the sound of it he raises ! his ear he is animated by a martial air at a slow movement be slackens his pace in the days when regiments of cavalry had their own bands of music the per formers when upon the march were seen playing quietly their parts giving little heed to the animals tbey rode who ad ' vanced iti perfect order and without mak ' iug the least mistake the regiment horse learned lo under ' stand perfectly the different calls of the trumpet many have heard the anecdote of the countryman who bad bought au old horse ofa retired soldier one morn ing he entered a town as a regiment of cavalry was passing suddenly the trum pets sounded when the horse instantly started joined the troops placed himself in the ranks and followed in spite ofthe cries and efforts of its owner the ass and the ox experience equal pleasure in listening to melody the ox advances \ bis bead as a sign of satisfaction the ass raises his ears and shows unmistakable evidence of enjoyment mice are also among the quadruped lovers of music tbe birds are melomaniacs artists them selves it is not strange that they love j music it is easy to teach tunes to some of them by hearing them played on a bird j organ they remember and repeat them all birds however do not have that taste among those that are distressed by music may be reckoned hens the sound of a violin causes tbem to fly away with cries of fear if shut up in a place where mu ; sic is made their demonstrations of terror are most comical and curious reptiles and insects appreciate tbe | charms of music if one whistles before a lizard that is running away it suddenly j stops and if the air is agreeble it listens with evident pleasure when an anieri ; can indian has the ability to whistle pleas antly he can approach the iguana and capture this gigantic lizard whose flesh is said to be good for food li>.e all j other lizards tbe iguana listens to music ; with such attention that he forgets to care for his own safety and allows himself to be taken the charmers of serpents by i means of certain melodies slow and cap i tivating can control perfectly these ter rible creatures they call them direct their movements allow them to surround . their limbs with their powerful coils ' without the least danger the serpent is j completely subjugated who would believe that music could affect the spider 1 nothing however is more true a captain ofa regiment bad displeased the minister of louis niv i and was imprisoned in the bastile he obtained permission to take with him his j lute which he played with much skill after a few days tbe prisoner was as ton j ished to see mice come out from their holes and spiders descend from their webs ! and surround him to listen to him his i surprise was so great the first time that \ he stopped playing when his singular au } dieiice retired when he began again i spiders and mice returned they at last became so numerous that be was con vinced they informed their friends in the neighborhood and in order to indulge in his diversion he was obliged to have a cat in his prison still some mice too music-mad would not be stopped by that and became victims of their love for lyric art this fact is not a solitary one leclere a celebrated violinist ofthe time of louis xiv who was assassinated in the street by a young man his rival passed several months in prison for what reason is un known a warrant of arrest was suf ficient in those days to send a man to the bastile where be was sometimes forgot ten for years leclere bad permission to take with him to prison bis violin one day as he was playing the sonata in c minor of carelli he observed a spider which had come out of its biding place and rested motionless on tbe edge of its web the sonata finished it returned to its retreat leclere executed several other pieces but the insect was insensible to these and did not appear until the artist played the sonata and never tailed to come whenever it heard this even the sound of tbe human voice suffices to charm the spider the story of pelisson and his spider is well known pelisson in his prison sung religious hymns his voice attracted ii spider which he trained to such a degree that it came invariably at his call it is generally believed that the eat is insensible to the charms of music some facts however seem to contradict this opinion every one has had occasion to see a kitten amuse itself by walking over tbe key-board of an open piano the animal has an astouisbed look and seems to ask herself what it means is it the sound of the instrument that surprises her or the movement of tbe keys which yields beneath her steps it is uncertain a promenade of this kind gave occasion to a german composer well known among musicians â€” jean fuchs â€” to compose a fuge which still bears the title of the fuge of the cat this cat of fuchs iu running over the board touched notes that formed a musical clause which the composer seized and which he had the skill to expand iuto a complete aud very remarkable piece an artist friend of mine had a cat which appeared very fond of music ( m'tcn when he placed himself at tbe piano the animal came jumped upon the stool and thence to the shoulder of tbe pianist which he did not quit so long as the former made i the chords ofthe instrument resound be i neatb his lingers the fishes can they preceive sounds j and does music affect them ? here is a question which i would not dare answer \ too postively i will cite but one fact to ; which i have often been witness 1 do i not know whether it is general bat the \ experiment can be so easily made that many may give themselves the pleasure of verifying it my friend of whom i j have just spoken bad not only a eat but â– also a globe containing a little gold fish this globe was one day accidentally plac ', ed upon the piano my friend having i seated himself to play observed that the j fish had rested motionless from his first j chords and it remained thus to the end ! ofthe piece after which it began to swim < as before to stop again when the sounds were renewed it cannot however l.e ! proved that the fish was affected by the harmony perhaps the vibration ofthe instrument may have frightened it and rendered it motionless among the great flesh-eaters the lion bear and wolf particularly seem to fear music in a travelling menagerie was a huge lion the effect of the high notes of a piano placed near him was to excite great wonder but scarcely were the low notes touched when he rose suddenly eyes darted flames be struggled to break his chains lashed himself with his tail and seemed inspired with such fury that the women present at the spectacle were overwhelmed with fright his roaring i was terrible but as soon as the music ceased he became almost immediately calm as to the wolf the sound of the hunt ; er's horn is to him singularly disagreea i ble one can easily put him to flight by ! ringing loudly a bell or playing the vio lin and still more easily the double bass the bear also has this decided autipathv to stringed instruments this is a fact established long ago as is proved by the follow ing anecdote of no recent date a polish fiddler returning from a fair where he had performed his part at a ball was passing through a forest toward mid night being tired he sat down under a tree laid his violoncello upon the ground and began to eat some provisions which he took from his bag the odor of the eatables attracted two bears who to the great alarm ofthe poor fiddler came and stood before him in the attitude of solici tation far too plain the fiddler began to throw morsels of bread and meat the two companions enjoyed tlie play but unfortunately the food in a few min utes had all disappeared and the bears after having absorbed the dinner were guests who would over and above eat their bost in his terror the unhappy fiddler mechanically took v his instru ment and began to play at the first sounds the bears flew away as fast as pos sible the fiddler a pleas ant journey to you my lively fellows said he if i bad known how fond you are of music i should surely have given you the concert before the dinner mrs shekman on round dancing â€” mrs sherman the general's wife has written a letter in which she expresses her self freely about round dancing she says her soul revolts against it that very soon women of self-respect will blush at it and that public opinion will eventually drive it out of society s\w adds : the ad vocates of this dance have had iheir own way long enough â€” absorbing all enter tainments â€” sneering npon and ridiculing those who quietly decline to participate openly and constantly insinuating of those who decline it that tbey are therefore evil-minded lc or quoting impudently and insinuatingly their only weapon . lloni soil tjui nail ij pense and then throw - ing themselves iii men's arms to prove their own purity of mind the famine in india well-informed persons in madras where the famine has been most prevalent esti mate the number of deaths directly or in directly by starvation at half a million and the opinion is expressed that it will amount within the next three months to at least ten times that number or five millions of tlie people of the country in regard to this fearful slate of things tho london times oi the 31st says we may shrink from so ghastly a cal culation and it may he hoped we shall be able to avert some of this de.-t nicti if life ; but if we take into account the indi rect as well as the direct influence of the famine even this estimate may be none too high our correspondent reminds ns most truly that behind an.l besides the actual deaths from starvation comes a vast number from its after effects â€” from the disease the constitutional feebleness tbe undermining of the whole strength of the population which such a famine en tails to what a pitch the misery has reached may be guessed from a letter we published on friday one of the mem bers of the mysore revenue survey stilt ed that in bangalore there was a tegular service organized in addition to the po lice to keep the streets clear of the dead and dying ( lutside the municip il limits dead bodies he says arc lying in all di rect ions : the lower castes are cooking and eating the bodies * * two days ago when riding past the hussar stables i saw a crowd of wretched women and children routing in the dung-heap and picking out the undigested grains of corn to eat the people who are reduced to these miserable expedients are as anoth er cm respondent describes them ordi narily apathetic in the presence of death ; bu it seem to come upon them now in too portentous and cruel a form for even their powers of endurance there are horrible and miserable scenes enough in the world no doubt but question whether anything so terrible could be wituessed at this mo ment as this spectacle of the population of half a continent thns perishing in the agonies of starvation notwithstanding so many thousands are perishing daily the viceroy has interposed to repress public chai ityandadvisesagainst holding pul lie meetings for the purpose of collecting subscriptions lie is said to have stated that the supreme govern ment is determined to avert death by famine so far as the resources of the whole empire would enable it to do so the importation of gin in will he left to private trade but the government will reinforce the railways and arrange for other means of transportation ii will give subsistence and relief wages graduated according to the prevailing prices and ii hopes to con struct great an.l permanent works by means of relief labor it will buy grain locally and give gratuitous support in various forms to the helpless poor but it deprecates appeals to private charily as having a tendency to interfere with pub lic organization aud to increase the panic tbe wisdom of this action on the part of the viceroy has been called in question but both the home and the indian gov ernment naturally feel a deep responsi bility toward this conquered province president clark of the massachusetts agricultural liege has l.e.-n spending a year in japan superintending the estab lishment of i government institution in that conn try similar to the one over w hich he j resides in a recent address at am herst he made an interesting statement of his impressions of the people lie nev er saw a quarrel in japan and never saw nor heard of a japanese student in ameri caor japan accused ol immorality he selected from a thousand young men the students for ii cull'-ur there and never knew .'!"â– of them that would willingly offend his teachers lie poke of the japanese as well disposed toward chris tianity am as ready when convince 1 of its truth to make a bold confession they have great capacity for usefulness in tin conversion ofthe world and are the men of all others to be missionaries in china lie gave an account of the theological school founded by si ph nee sima which has upwards of <'"> students who are christian young nun studying to l.e mis sionai ies among their countrymen a large number of them already preaching every sunday after nee sima had started his school with the consent of the govern ment complaint was made that he was teaching the bible and tiie ministers of ihe government told him he ii.u.-t stop he mighl have a theological school but he must not teach the bible in the school so nee sima bought a house across the street and the students go to hi private house to study the bible and study 4 ho science at the school building their th logical school going on just the s as before belf government is good if those who exercise it know hev t practice it ii is supreme folly to expect any number of pei*sons to govern each other if they have never learned to govern themselves put ting a man in a state house to make laws before be has been placed in a school house to learn how to tu and before he knows tin science of government isas much foolishness a it would be io per mit a man to navigate a vessel who knows nothing about navigation the right of universal suffrage i based on the duty of universal education dishonest and uneducated persons should never be permitted t make in laws tcticht/s monthly the pennsylvania nil wells are estima ted to have yielded 138,000,000 barrels j worth 300,000,000 on the spot

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the carolina watchman vj viilâ€”third series salisbury k c october 4 1877 no 50 p,om ua new york observer my t b a mp bl mi -â€¢ 8 robbins one morning n the broad piaz 0 four summer home with rlaraerton's vei lholiiu " in my hand i was intcr 1 bj hearing the gate open and in a ! steps ii ihe walk now nothing ia i more utterly unassuming than this ome the house is one story and i ' lialli , ll . pa inl ha en fresher days sn ., ( ., irl alh ili'i i i air of absentee â€¢ sl â€ž; besides wc are out of the village au l cousequently removed from chance visitors when the gate rattled on its hinges ;-, trick it well understood 1 al ways knew some friend was on bis way ,â€ž the market-men were round on their ! ,] a iiy calls but this step on this morning had a peculiarity which aid to ine tramp \ liefore between the low-lying branches of die avenue of norway spruces i saw the voun man coming toward me lie was slight graceful in his movements rather well-dressed and lifted his hat with allo : i gentlemanly air as h saw me everybody has a timid streak mine lav in the fear of tramps for as i have paid oar house is quite out of the village ; j.,l i)n french window shabbily fast ened ofl'er easy ingress at any hour of jay ui night doors there are too every j where with aud without bolts as it may happen very much at the mercy we are of every lawless i in ruder bul this young man tramp though he undeniably was had i clear gray eve which met mine ; fullv as i looked up from my book and a . with a kind of pathos that had al niii-i a hungry pleading as i waited for his request he stopped at a short dis i.mii nn and began nervously to break off small twigs from the tree by which he stood neither of us speaking al length i asked : do you w i-h anything .'" i'lu not u.-cd to begging ma'am he broke out in a low musical voice but i j have had a long walk and ! am almost ! starved if you would give me some breakfast and lei me work to pay for i irds 1 should be very much oblig . ed to you fieri tu tl if he had only said before ' ll ha .- had a hearty breakfast ' ami all the ghosts of political economy thai haunted my brain would have been ) laid ii the instant : bill afterward â€” there ii was iu the true lazy good-for-nothing tramp style i pamper to idle begging nni ifl knew myself if a man will nol ! work neither shall lie eat was a part of â€¢ ray bible in which i rigidly believed so j i said turning the haves of my book a little impatiently : you are to young and too healthy to be a begg.ir von look to me as if you were made for better things not a word poke he iii answer he just turned n his heel and was slowly leav ing the van w hen my heart â€” a miserable weak heart thai is always at war with my principle gave a greal tug and i called after him : conic buck you shall have your breakfast i only wish you had proposed t earn ii before you ate it he did uot turn an.l i called again in a softer tone i should be sorry to turn even a dog away hungry comeback 1 will tell in cook to ive you a lite he stopped came back a step or two lid i'm 1 am nol a dog i am poor can't ret work and am out in search of it i haven't a cent and 1 don't want what 1 ii.'i earn 1 would have offered to earn ! in food first liu i am weak and faint for i van of it i come back ! come back '.'" i said now more cordially than 1 would have welcom j ed the prince of wales sit down on i tin piazza : it is cool here ; and bridget i shall bring your breakfast out the tone drew him : he sat down on a corner of the piazza at the greatest dis | t.in.-e trom my chair aud i left him there while 1 put my head inside my kitchen door to astonish my cook to whom my order for the summer had been perempto : ry nn food under any circumstances ! for tramps with gel a nice a break fast as you can bridget oul of what you have cooked and bring it at once to the the man's faint mann !'' said bridget staring at me breakfast as quick as you can on the piazza for one anything bridget 1 ouly so it don't take you long to get it hurry will yon !"â€” seeing her put her hands on her hips a position the meaning ol which i only too well understood : so 1 shut ihe door and went back tomy tramp apparently be had not moved yet i iu-t own as i saw him i noticed thai the seat he had chosen was directly iu front i a window ihat opened to i view of tbe whole iu-i.le ofthe house 1 was ashamed ofmyselfto find i thought instantly of v bureau that stood in full sight and '"> watch with a jewel box ihat i knew 1 had left on its top ; but this suspicion was only a stirring of the timid ghosl nud lot iti be ivonden d at bridget i need hardly say to any ex perienced housekeeper did not hurry and while we waited i fell into achat w th the young man he said he came ' from down south had walked up the other side of the lake hoping among the waters there he should finda job but -.. many had been before him with the same expectations he had with diticulty done enough to earn his food ; he hadn't slept in a bed for three weeks and take the wear and tear of his clothes and the loss of his strength lie was going home even poorer than he left there was some thing about him so different from any oth j er tramp 1 had ever seen that all my i round theories went where a woman's the : ories are apt to go 1 say it with shame j and confusion of face but i must tell the ' truth at whatever cost and i began to feel interested in him now i said if he don't try the mother dodge i really shall feel like helping him ; at least i will ask my husbaud to let him do any odd chores he may have about the place ; but if be j begins to talk to ine about bis mother i j shall expect the next thing will be a re j quest for money â€” that will never do but be didn't 1 found him intelligent ! quite up in matters of daily public inter i est and inclined to bring them forward i now and then i detected his eyes wander i ing toward the door through which he ex j peered iiis breakfast to be brought but otherwise no impatience until the well lill . ed salver in bridget's reluctant arms made j its appearance the salver was well lill j ed bridget could take a license as well as any cook but she knew me well enough ' in know when it would be pest not to venture and acted accordingly i have seen wild beasts led but it i ' i seemed to me as i stole a glance now and then at my tramp thai 1 had never known j what eating ravenously meant before be seemed literally to have been starved poor fellow pom fellow i 1 i kept re pealing to myself i dare say from our prejudice against this class we do them often a grievous injustice just suppose now 1 had tinned a hungry man â€” a hun gry man as that â€” away unfed how sadly i should have regretted it by-and-by in that other world where even onr tramp mistakes will rise up against ns because : ye have not w-d the hungry therefore ye ' are none of mine well this one at least was getting a good hearty meal and then there would be the work yes of course the work â€” in payment that i should insist upon ; my political economy demanded it ns only just there was a salver of empty dishes very soon and the young man got up and ! shook himself as i have seen a big new j fouudlaud dog do after a hearty meal : ' sonic how his expression seemed to have changed the pathos had all died out i was not so well pleased with it and my i determination to enforce the work rapid ! iy strengthened now i said 1 will find something for you to do come with me yes nia'ani just lifting iiis hat ar the back of our house was i large woodpile waiting to be packed neatly away in the adjacent woodhonse there i suggested pointing to the wood and its shelter do what yon think your breakfast has been worth to you and then come to me my plan had been to try his honesty in the way of payment and then hire him at ' ... rather an unusual rate of wages to finish , the job becoming again absorbed in wender liolme i quite forgot my tramp until i ! sudd tily wakened to a consciousness thai ] the regular sound of idling wood bad ceas ' ed for sonic time evidently the man's meal had been paid for but what had be come of him .' with a slight misgiving i made my way with as little delay as pos sible to the woodpile noone was there a few slicks had been thrown in a sloven ly way inside the woodhonse door and thai was all as i stood looking in ii heard a snicker it's the only word that will describe the sound and i knew brid get was somewhere watching me it was insult added to my injury i have only a few word to add by way of moral reflections : never allow your heart to get the better of your head ! believe in political econo my iu your bible in your lii nily-estab j lished prejudices lay no ghost pre serve intact your natural timidities ! re coguize ihem as your guardian angels and above all beware of tramps ! that night i went as usual to wind up my watch but i didn't do it alwaays orderly i sought to put my jewelry away in its pretty case imt 1 didn't do it and y.i my tramp had not spoken of his mother the vailed presbyterian in an article entitled picnic religion speaking of camp-meetings and other arrangements for summer services says all these plans of religious ruralizing are of doubt ful credit to our christianity in some respects they are injurious they subject the church to the charge of seeing sensual pleasure under the guise of piety and more than this there is in many instances a shrewd financial operation in the con venticle surroundings a man wishes to make money piously and invites his fel low-believers to conic together to work and worship the main chance all the while ! overshadowing in his thought the devo tion be i.s professing among current scandals none are so scandalous as these wordly policies coated with a thin varn ish the concord register tells of a quilt be longing to miss maggie winecoff of rowan county which contains 9,299 pieces letter from spain by henry day esq la manctia many a lover of dux quixote or don quijote as the spaniards call him would go to spain for the sake of viewing the scenes where the famous knight ind his doughty squire gained immortal renown on our way from toledo to grenada we pass through the province of la muncha which alone the genius of cervantes could ! have made famous it is a treeless coun try it.s soils impregnated with salt with | a lew squalid villages with a race of poor j but industrious people of whom sambo i panzu is a good specimen at menzenares wc arc in the centre and in the capitol of the province of la mancba here we are within a few miles ofthe little inn venta de quesada where don quijote was knighted and occasionally we pass one of those wind-mills or a flock of sheep which furnished an opportunity for the display of his martial prowess the peasants of spain have the most implicit belief in the existence of this re nowned knight he is a reality to them his marvelous adventure and those of the cid are the great fund of song and story at the village inns of spain about fifty miles further on we reach the station of baeza here there are mines of lead aud copper worked and worked in the same manner as they were under the ro mans two hundred years ago herescipio the younger fought a great battle with asdrubal about 200 b c here you may see the ruins ofthe palace of hiniilee the wile of hannibal but the crowning in nor of this place i.s that it is the birth place of st ursula who so heroically end ed her life at cologne with lier 11,000 vir gins whose bones we have many of us seen there lt is generally bud taste to sii.il a good story but i must be allowed the explanation of this legend which is that it arose from a mistaken reading oi'an old manuscript which was ursula et nl m n 7 ".," meaning eleven martyred virgins from toledo to grenada our way runs nearly south crossing the headwaters of the gaudiana and the gaiidalquiver we strike the latter at menjibar from whence it flows southwesterly to the atlantic passing in its course crodova and seville two of the most beautiful cities in spain it is not the beautiful clear poetic river sometimes described in song in winter and spring it is swollen antl turbid cut ting away its bunks and overflowing them in summer it dwindles to a shal low stream winding through wide tree less meadows x t1ik diligence at menjibar we leave the railroad which is very circuitous in it.s route to grenada for the diligence if we wish to see real spanish life customs dress and the people as they live we must take the diligence through the small villages stopping at the posadas and ventas as the village inns tire called in a line day with a beautiful mountain scenery mounted on the driver's seat with six horses or unties each having bells the diligence is the very poetry of travelling due postillion rides one of the leaders from eight in the morning till eleven o'clock at night â€” eighty miles without a rest it is said that these postillions be fore the days of railroads rode from mad rid to grenada a journey of two hundred miles in two days and a night we had another attendant who seemed to be a conductor and went the whole journey another called the mayoral drove the team having reins only for the wheel horses he would drive only from one station where horses were changed to another and always came with and left bis team and had the entire charge of them in the stables and on the road he carried with him a bag of stones which he would throw with great skill at the leaders which his whip would not reach the driver talked and shouted to the horses all the way and at a certain sound at the foot ofa hill they would break into a run about every eight miles the dri ver with his horses would leave and a new driver and a fresh team would take their places tbe postillion carried a horn slung around his neck with which he heralded our approach to every vil lage leaving menjibar we wind onr way for a short distance along the banks of gandalquiver which we soon cross on an iron bridge and make our way up out of the valley on to the high treeless plains which aro bare and muddy in winter and hot and parched in summer till spanish police for fifteen miles we see not a tree not a fence not a field of grass scarcely a house or a person except the guards who patrol the roads these guards civiles are stationed on most of the travelled routes of spain for protection against ban ditti they are sometimes mounted and always well armed dressed in military uniform with a cocked hat they are found at every railway station in every village and at regular distances upon all the roads they ire fine-leoking men of good character we found them miles away from any dwelling two together patrolling the roads over which wo pass ed always armed with a musket they have rendered travelling safe in all parts of spain signts an'd smells a ride of fifteen miles over plains which have every appearance of barrenness gradually rising brings us to the ancient city of jacn which is beautifully situated among the bills it is the key to grenada j from the north mountains rise around it ! in every direction it has a cathedral aud a number of fine churches and sonic famous relics as we have no partiality for old bones teeth finger nails locks of hair or old rags we speud no time upon them here we made our first trial at a venta or country inn as we were to travel till eleven o'clock at night with out anything to eat my guide brought me a most delicious morsel of veal fried in vinegar and garlic which with bread was all tbe venta afforded we were contented with oranges and bread for onr day's provision our fellow-travellers here provided themselves for tbe day bread sausages seasoned with garlic and fried iu garlic during a shower we were obliged to ride in the coupe shut up with two of tbem every i\-\v minutes they would partake of the sausage and politely offer me some after indulging in this food for some time tbey became thoroughly impregnated with odor tbey breathed garlic from within ; their pockets emitted garlic from without garlic was every where the air was filled with it and such garlic who can describe shut up in close coupe with these two bodies the odor was terrific and sea sickness is a comfort to what i felt 1 was obliged to open the window put my bead out and pretend to look at the beautiful scenery at jena we are about fifty miles from grenada our road lies through winding valleys along which mountain torrents rush in winter and the beds of which are often used as roads in summer we as cend gradually through pass after pass where band to hand the moors and the christians fought every inch four centur ies ago we are now amoug the sierra susanna which bound tlie vega of grena da on the north their lofty snow-cap ped heights look down into one of the most fruitful and lovely valleys under the sun the approach to grenada as we emerged from this mountain val ley and descend into the vega a new world bursts upon us the how of the waters diverted from the mountain streams for irrigation is everywhere heard like music vou exchange sterility for verdure of living green ; the orange lem on and fig-trees everwhere abound lilled with bloom or fruit ; the air i.s fragrant with flowers beautiful villas setting back from the road surrounded by gardens be gin to appear through this wealth of living verdure the road broad and lined with trees makes it.s way up to grenada like the approach to the city ofa great king the night i.s upon us before we reach the gates of the city two old moorish towers frown upon us from above the gates as we enter through the massive walls we wind our way through the narrow and dimly-lighted streets until we reach the eastern side of the city and ascend through a grand avenue of trees to the height of the alhambra to the hotel washington irving which is just without the walls oi the ancient fortress blunt but true there is said to be a young man in the missouri penitentiary whose parents at their death left him a fortune of 50,000 there is where bis parents made a fatal mistake if they had taken the precau tion to invest that sum in a small dog and shot him and then had simply left the young man a jackplane or a wood saw with printed instruct ions how to use it the chances are that instead of being in the penitentiary he would to-day have been gradually but surely work ing his way up to handsome competency honorable old age but ever since the days of adam and eve parents have made it a point to toil and struggle all their lives in order to realize a sufficient sum of money to purchase when they ue dead and gone their sons each a first class through ticket to the devil and it is not much to be wondered at that so many of their sons reared in vice and idleness as too many of them often are have no high er ambition than to invest their inheri tance in just that sort of transportation e=>4 gone how significant this solitary word upon a tombstone ! like a bird of passage the little stranger had lighted upon this planet had tarried for a brief day and then had flown forever and this is with respect to us all soon shall we till be gone and the places that have known us will know us no more forever and where shall we be whither shall we have fled ? we shall still exist wc shall continue in being somewhere and where ? whether or not in some blest abode will depend on our improvement of the passing hour behold now is the accepted time : behold now is the day of salvation !" h s mt gilead montgomery county gave 62.50 to the orphan asylum effect of music on animals translated from the french for the x y observer by ruth pool music has different effects upon differ ent men and those effects depend much upon the impression received and the habits formed in childhood a harmony which would entrauce a cultivated ear would leave a savage unmoved it is uot then surprising that music acts vari ously upon tbe different kinds of animals the sound of instruments impresses them and often very keenly wind instru ments for example have a singularly ex citing effect on dogs to these they sel dom become accustomed the first sound which strikes them call forth frightful howls herdsmen and shepherds in sonic countries calls their flocks with a long horn and notwithstanding the dog hears from it every day the same air it draws from him each time cries of distress there is however an instance of a dog bufficently fond of harmony to allow his master to give him a certain degree of musical education this animal belong ed to a german composer ofa name very few tongues can pronounce but i will venture to write it it was schneitzhoeffer well ! the man of this astonishing name succeeded in teaching resual la to a dog the animal retained the lesson and al ways after at the command of his master would raise correctly the note the horse unlike tbe dog takes pleas ure in music at the sound of it he raises ! his ear he is animated by a martial air at a slow movement be slackens his pace in the days when regiments of cavalry had their own bands of music the per formers when upon the march were seen playing quietly their parts giving little heed to the animals tbey rode who ad ' vanced iti perfect order and without mak ' iug the least mistake the regiment horse learned lo under ' stand perfectly the different calls of the trumpet many have heard the anecdote of the countryman who bad bought au old horse ofa retired soldier one morn ing he entered a town as a regiment of cavalry was passing suddenly the trum pets sounded when the horse instantly started joined the troops placed himself in the ranks and followed in spite ofthe cries and efforts of its owner the ass and the ox experience equal pleasure in listening to melody the ox advances \ bis bead as a sign of satisfaction the ass raises his ears and shows unmistakable evidence of enjoyment mice are also among the quadruped lovers of music tbe birds are melomaniacs artists them selves it is not strange that they love j music it is easy to teach tunes to some of them by hearing them played on a bird j organ they remember and repeat them all birds however do not have that taste among those that are distressed by music may be reckoned hens the sound of a violin causes tbem to fly away with cries of fear if shut up in a place where mu ; sic is made their demonstrations of terror are most comical and curious reptiles and insects appreciate tbe | charms of music if one whistles before a lizard that is running away it suddenly j stops and if the air is agreeble it listens with evident pleasure when an anieri ; can indian has the ability to whistle pleas antly he can approach the iguana and capture this gigantic lizard whose flesh is said to be good for food li>.e all j other lizards tbe iguana listens to music ; with such attention that he forgets to care for his own safety and allows himself to be taken the charmers of serpents by i means of certain melodies slow and cap i tivating can control perfectly these ter rible creatures they call them direct their movements allow them to surround . their limbs with their powerful coils ' without the least danger the serpent is j completely subjugated who would believe that music could affect the spider 1 nothing however is more true a captain ofa regiment bad displeased the minister of louis niv i and was imprisoned in the bastile he obtained permission to take with him his j lute which he played with much skill after a few days tbe prisoner was as ton j ished to see mice come out from their holes and spiders descend from their webs ! and surround him to listen to him his i surprise was so great the first time that \ he stopped playing when his singular au } dieiice retired when he began again i spiders and mice returned they at last became so numerous that be was con vinced they informed their friends in the neighborhood and in order to indulge in his diversion he was obliged to have a cat in his prison still some mice too music-mad would not be stopped by that and became victims of their love for lyric art this fact is not a solitary one leclere a celebrated violinist ofthe time of louis xiv who was assassinated in the street by a young man his rival passed several months in prison for what reason is un known a warrant of arrest was suf ficient in those days to send a man to the bastile where be was sometimes forgot ten for years leclere bad permission to take with him to prison bis violin one day as he was playing the sonata in c minor of carelli he observed a spider which had come out of its biding place and rested motionless on tbe edge of its web the sonata finished it returned to its retreat leclere executed several other pieces but the insect was insensible to these and did not appear until the artist played the sonata and never tailed to come whenever it heard this even the sound of tbe human voice suffices to charm the spider the story of pelisson and his spider is well known pelisson in his prison sung religious hymns his voice attracted ii spider which he trained to such a degree that it came invariably at his call it is generally believed that the eat is insensible to the charms of music some facts however seem to contradict this opinion every one has had occasion to see a kitten amuse itself by walking over tbe key-board of an open piano the animal has an astouisbed look and seems to ask herself what it means is it the sound of the instrument that surprises her or the movement of tbe keys which yields beneath her steps it is uncertain a promenade of this kind gave occasion to a german composer well known among musicians â€” jean fuchs â€” to compose a fuge which still bears the title of the fuge of the cat this cat of fuchs iu running over the board touched notes that formed a musical clause which the composer seized and which he had the skill to expand iuto a complete aud very remarkable piece an artist friend of mine had a cat which appeared very fond of music ( m'tcn when he placed himself at tbe piano the animal came jumped upon the stool and thence to the shoulder of tbe pianist which he did not quit so long as the former made i the chords ofthe instrument resound be i neatb his lingers the fishes can they preceive sounds j and does music affect them ? here is a question which i would not dare answer \ too postively i will cite but one fact to ; which i have often been witness 1 do i not know whether it is general bat the \ experiment can be so easily made that many may give themselves the pleasure of verifying it my friend of whom i j have just spoken bad not only a eat but â– also a globe containing a little gold fish this globe was one day accidentally plac ', ed upon the piano my friend having i seated himself to play observed that the j fish had rested motionless from his first j chords and it remained thus to the end ! ofthe piece after which it began to swim < as before to stop again when the sounds were renewed it cannot however l.e ! proved that the fish was affected by the harmony perhaps the vibration ofthe instrument may have frightened it and rendered it motionless among the great flesh-eaters the lion bear and wolf particularly seem to fear music in a travelling menagerie was a huge lion the effect of the high notes of a piano placed near him was to excite great wonder but scarcely were the low notes touched when he rose suddenly eyes darted flames be struggled to break his chains lashed himself with his tail and seemed inspired with such fury that the women present at the spectacle were overwhelmed with fright his roaring i was terrible but as soon as the music ceased he became almost immediately calm as to the wolf the sound of the hunt ; er's horn is to him singularly disagreea i ble one can easily put him to flight by ! ringing loudly a bell or playing the vio lin and still more easily the double bass the bear also has this decided autipathv to stringed instruments this is a fact established long ago as is proved by the follow ing anecdote of no recent date a polish fiddler returning from a fair where he had performed his part at a ball was passing through a forest toward mid night being tired he sat down under a tree laid his violoncello upon the ground and began to eat some provisions which he took from his bag the odor of the eatables attracted two bears who to the great alarm ofthe poor fiddler came and stood before him in the attitude of solici tation far too plain the fiddler began to throw morsels of bread and meat the two companions enjoyed tlie play but unfortunately the food in a few min utes had all disappeared and the bears after having absorbed the dinner were guests who would over and above eat their bost in his terror the unhappy fiddler mechanically took v his instru ment and began to play at the first sounds the bears flew away as fast as pos sible the fiddler a pleas ant journey to you my lively fellows said he if i bad known how fond you are of music i should surely have given you the concert before the dinner mrs shekman on round dancing â€” mrs sherman the general's wife has written a letter in which she expresses her self freely about round dancing she says her soul revolts against it that very soon women of self-respect will blush at it and that public opinion will eventually drive it out of society s\w adds : the ad vocates of this dance have had iheir own way long enough â€” absorbing all enter tainments â€” sneering npon and ridiculing those who quietly decline to participate openly and constantly insinuating of those who decline it that tbey are therefore evil-minded lc or quoting impudently and insinuatingly their only weapon . lloni soil tjui nail ij pense and then throw - ing themselves iii men's arms to prove their own purity of mind the famine in india well-informed persons in madras where the famine has been most prevalent esti mate the number of deaths directly or in directly by starvation at half a million and the opinion is expressed that it will amount within the next three months to at least ten times that number or five millions of tlie people of the country in regard to this fearful slate of things tho london times oi the 31st says we may shrink from so ghastly a cal culation and it may he hoped we shall be able to avert some of this de.-t nicti if life ; but if we take into account the indi rect as well as the direct influence of the famine even this estimate may be none too high our correspondent reminds ns most truly that behind an.l besides the actual deaths from starvation comes a vast number from its after effects â€” from the disease the constitutional feebleness tbe undermining of the whole strength of the population which such a famine en tails to what a pitch the misery has reached may be guessed from a letter we published on friday one of the mem bers of the mysore revenue survey stilt ed that in bangalore there was a tegular service organized in addition to the po lice to keep the streets clear of the dead and dying ( lutside the municip il limits dead bodies he says arc lying in all di rect ions : the lower castes are cooking and eating the bodies * * two days ago when riding past the hussar stables i saw a crowd of wretched women and children routing in the dung-heap and picking out the undigested grains of corn to eat the people who are reduced to these miserable expedients are as anoth er cm respondent describes them ordi narily apathetic in the presence of death ; bu it seem to come upon them now in too portentous and cruel a form for even their powers of endurance there are horrible and miserable scenes enough in the world no doubt but question whether anything so terrible could be wituessed at this mo ment as this spectacle of the population of half a continent thns perishing in the agonies of starvation notwithstanding so many thousands are perishing daily the viceroy has interposed to repress public chai ityandadvisesagainst holding pul lie meetings for the purpose of collecting subscriptions lie is said to have stated that the supreme govern ment is determined to avert death by famine so far as the resources of the whole empire would enable it to do so the importation of gin in will he left to private trade but the government will reinforce the railways and arrange for other means of transportation ii will give subsistence and relief wages graduated according to the prevailing prices and ii hopes to con struct great an.l permanent works by means of relief labor it will buy grain locally and give gratuitous support in various forms to the helpless poor but it deprecates appeals to private charily as having a tendency to interfere with pub lic organization aud to increase the panic tbe wisdom of this action on the part of the viceroy has been called in question but both the home and the indian gov ernment naturally feel a deep responsi bility toward this conquered province president clark of the massachusetts agricultural liege has l.e.-n spending a year in japan superintending the estab lishment of i government institution in that conn try similar to the one over w hich he j resides in a recent address at am herst he made an interesting statement of his impressions of the people lie nev er saw a quarrel in japan and never saw nor heard of a japanese student in ameri caor japan accused ol immorality he selected from a thousand young men the students for ii cull'-ur there and never knew .'!"â– of them that would willingly offend his teachers lie poke of the japanese as well disposed toward chris tianity am as ready when convince 1 of its truth to make a bold confession they have great capacity for usefulness in tin conversion ofthe world and are the men of all others to be missionaries in china lie gave an account of the theological school founded by si ph nee sima which has upwards of students who are christian young nun studying to l.e mis sionai ies among their countrymen a large number of them already preaching every sunday after nee sima had started his school with the consent of the govern ment complaint was made that he was teaching the bible and tiie ministers of ihe government told him he ii.u.-t stop he mighl have a theological school but he must not teach the bible in the school so nee sima bought a house across the street and the students go to hi private house to study the bible and study 4 ho science at the school building their th logical school going on just the s as before belf government is good if those who exercise it know hev t practice it ii is supreme folly to expect any number of pei*sons to govern each other if they have never learned to govern themselves put ting a man in a state house to make laws before be has been placed in a school house to learn how to tu and before he knows tin science of government isas much foolishness a it would be io per mit a man to navigate a vessel who knows nothing about navigation the right of universal suffrage i based on the duty of universal education dishonest and uneducated persons should never be permitted t make in laws tcticht/s monthly the pennsylvania nil wells are estima ted to have yielded 138,000,000 barrels j worth 300,000,000 on the spot