President Donald Trump signed an executive order Monday designed to beef up how the U.S. approaches artificial intelligence.

The effort comes as China continues making inroads in AI development.

The so-called American AI Initiative does not directly target the communist country, but some experts believe the approach leaves no doubt about the administration’s designs. The move is light on details but comes as China’s telecommunications industry is under withering criticism.

Trump’s EO focuses on maintaining the country’s research and development on cutting-edge technology to benefit Americans. It also directs agencies to make data more available to developers, set standards for how technology is developed, and calls for a plan to “preserve America’s advantage in collaboration” with allies.

“It is encouraging to see the White House take action on AI at a time when competition in these strategic technologies is clearly intensifying,” Elsa Kania, an adjunct senior fellow at the Center for a New American Security, told reporters before Trump officially signed the memo.

She added: “China’s ambitions to lead the world in AI present a direct and credible challenge to American leadership in innovation.”

Other analysts are taking a different tact, noting the initial plan does not appear to have much girth.

A security camera overlooks Tiananmen Square in front of a portrait of the late Chinese Chairman Mao Zedong in Beijing, China March 6, 2018. Picture taken March 6, 2018. REUTERS/Thomas Peter

“If there’s no implementation plan behind the EO — with details, deadlines, and funding — then it may be worse than no EO at all,” Wendy Anderson, general manager for defense and national security at SparkCognition, told reporters.

She was the chief of staff for former Defense Secretary Ash Carter.

Trump’s EO comes over a year after China announced plans to spend billions of dollars on a new artificial intelligence research and development base in Beijing. The $2 billion artificial intelligence technology research and development park will reportedly draw in more than 400 businesses and generate an annual output value of at least $7 billion.

China’s leap to the top of the AI pack has not come without headaches. The country has wrestled with reports that Volkswagen, GM, Ford and other automakers are among 200 companies transmitting position information and other data to government-backed monitoring centers.

Data is stored at China’s Shanghai Electric Vehicle Public Data Collecting, Monitoring and Research Center, which sits in a large tower in the Jiading district. The center contains a room with an enormous wall with green dots flashing, each representing a single vehicle traveling through China’s streets on a map that some believe could reveal where people work and live.

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