Rebbetzin Esther Jungreis (left) with US Ambassador to Hungary, April Foley

Rebbetzin (Yiddish: רביצין‎) or Rabbanit (Hebrew: רַבָּנִית) is the title used for the wife of a rabbi, typically from the Orthodox, Haredi, and Hasidic Jewish groups, or for a female Torah scholar or teacher.

In many Hasidic courts, Rebbetzins are considered to be spiritual counselors, and give blessings. In circles such as the Hasidic dynasty of Belz, the girls schools are run by the rebbetzin.

The rabbi's wife plays an important community role, especially in small communities. In many ways, she is called on to be as knowledgeable as the rabbi in the realm of woman's observances: In this manner, for something that does not require a psak (ruling), she can be approached when a woman does not feel comfortable approaching the rabbi, or where the rabbi maybe should not be approached. For instance, the rebbetzin may be consulted in personal questions regarding female sexuality.[2]

When a rabbi is a "pulpit rabbi" (versus a teacher or a "lay rabbi"), his wife becomes something of a first lady of the community, and performs social tasks and "outreach" roles, freeing her husband to attend to rabbinical duties.

With the growth of independent scholarship among Orthodox women, some women have received the title on their own merit, irrespective of their husbands.[3]