Trump, the ‘Border Crisis’ and the Wall

Just the Facts, Please

It is clear that the unending debate about funding a wall on the Southern border is a matter of political faith rather than a response to an agreed-upon problem that needs a solution. You’d think that opposing sides would want agreement on the issue at hand before they attached a solution.

Then even those of us without strong feelings might be persuaded to apply a barrier-type solution to a potential repair, be it concrete or steel, technological or physical, human policing or eye-in-the-sky tools. At least that’s how reasonable debate should work. Clearly what we have going on in Washington is neither reasonable, nor much of a persuadable debate. We’ll hear plenty more of it tonight when Trump takes his case to voters in a national address.

For Trump and his most ardent followers there is one set of “facts” that includes scary numbers of illegal crossings by terrorists as well as unwanted immigrants from Central America. The president has been generous in his painting of an untamed border, despite fences, walls and guarded points of entry that already cover about 700 miles of border. Some of the information is classified, but officials argue that even one terrorist or one criminal is too many.

Trump to Speak to the Nation

NBC, ABC, CBS, PBS and Fox broadcast networks all said on Monday that they had agreed to the White House request for air time. CNN, Fox News and MSNBC will all carry the address live, as well. The speech is scheduled for 9 p.m., Eastern Standard Time.

Following news that the networks would air Trump’s immigration address, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer said in a statement they should be given an equal amount of time to respond.*

“Now that the television networks have decided to air the President’s address, which if his past statements are any indication will be full of malice and misinformation, Democrats must immediately be given equal airtime,” Pelosi and Schumer said.

Democrats, for their part, are challenging those figures and citations as overblown or unfair melds of partial information and note that, overall, the entire illegal immigration problem along the border is down significantly from past years.

It’s a bit like saying the economy is bad because you haven’t seen a raise, or the economy is great because corporate profits are up. A lot may depend on point of view.

All this is important because, with a continuing impasse, Trump wants to declare a “national emergency” using border statistics and move ahead with the construction of a campaign-promised wall using money assigned to the military or other agencies without the participation of Congress. That, in turn, is sure to spark legal challenges, since previous declarations of national emergencies have been in shooting wars in Iraq and Afghanistan or following the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center.

The entire justification for a national emergency, then, hangs on the statistics from the border.

So, I went to the Department of Homeland Security data site, the Border Control website for data and other places to see what is available to the public—since I want persuasion (often, I can be persuaded) rather than faith in a campaign promise. The short answer is that according to the most recent data reported out from 2017 gross numbers show the immigration numbers being juggled by Homeland Security departments are in the tens of millions, all told, meaning that even scary numbers being quoted from the border are minute percentages of the whole of immigration problems being handled.

The Washington Post corrections squad has done its readers a service by examining many of the claims of a scary border situation and doing reporting on the more current figures being cited. The conclusion: As the government shutdown continues, the Trump administration has been using misleading immigration numbers to make a case for the wall. That’s not to say that there are bad numbers. But top administration officials, including Trump, say they want a border wall because thousands of criminals and terrorists are stopped or arrested every year by U.S. authorities. The numbers they are citing in televised remarks and submitting in writing to members of Congress are being spun pretty heavily.

Here are a few examples from The Post:

‘In the last two years, ICE officers arrested 235,000 criminals.’ Trump warned about dangerous criminals, but the numbers he cites involve a mix of serious and nonviolent offenses such as immigration violations. Immigration and Customs Enforcement reports yearly arrest totals without breaking down the type of offense, which could be anything. In a letter to Congress, Trump switched from the 235,000 arrests over two years to a different statistic, charges and convictions: “roughly 100,000 for assault, 30,000 for sex crimes, and 4,000 for homicides.” That gives a muddled picture. In fiscal 2018, ICE conducted 158,581 administrative arrests for civil immigration violations, about the same as in 2017. Some people, of course, face more than one charge. Still, big numbers.

‘17,000 criminals trying to get across the border.’ In 11 months through August 2018, U.S. Customs and Border Protection encountered 16,831 people convicted of crimes in the United States or abroad, but 63% showed up at ports of entry. That includes airport travelers, not just people “trying to get across the border.”

‘3,755 Known or suspected terrorists prevented from traveling to or entering the U.S.’ Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen included this number in a presentation to members of Congress on “border security,” but she did not say that most were at airports, which don’t have or need walls. Trump administration officials have claimed before that an average of 10 individuals per day at the border have ties to terrorism, but their figures include people trying to fly into the country. A border wall obviously would make no difference in those cases. This came up Sunday when Fox News’ Mike Wallace challenged Press Secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders about the same numbers. In July 2017, the State Department said there was “no credible information that any member of a terrorist group has traveled through Mexico to gain access to the United States.” According to DHS data for 2017, most of the 2,554 people on the terrorist watch list who were encountered by U.S. officials tried to enter through airports (2,170) or by sea (49). An analysis by the libertarian Cato Institute found: “Zero people were murdered or injured in terror attacks committed on U.S. soil by special interest aliens who entered illegally from 1975 through the end of 2017. However, seven special interest aliens who initially entered illegally have been convicted of planning a terrorist attack on U.S. soil. They all entered illegally from Canada or jumped ship in American ports before the list of special interest countries even existed. None of them successfully carried out their attacks and none illegally crossed the Mexican border.” NBC News reported that the first six months of 2018, only six individuals on the list of suspected terrorists had even been stopped.

‘Every day, Border Patrol encounters roughly 2,000 illegal immigrants.’ The Post fact-checked this number as it conflates people caught trying to cross illegally with “inadmissibles,” or people who showed up at legal ports of entry and were turned back or applied for asylum. That’s not illegal. Trump has since adjusted this number.

However, you come down on the wall issue or on breaking the impasse, we should be able to agree on a singular set of facts that describe the problem today.