So after thinking about it further, I was incorrect, and it is possible to explicitly unpack existentials in Scala. As with some other languages, it is done via pattern matching. The following example illustrates how:

val x : List[T] forSome { type T } = List(42)

val w = x match { case y : List[u] => ((z : u) => z)(y.head) }

However, in practice this functionality seems to be rather fragile. For example, the following two variations are rejected:

In both cases it reports that it cannot find the type u. In the second case, it could be attributed to erasure, as there is no way dynamically to guarantee that the contents of List are in turn also a List. However, the first seems reasonable, so it should probably be reported as a bug.