Betrayal at the Vel d'Hive by Claude Levy and Paul Tillard contains primary sources in the form of interviews with witnesses and victims, and copies of actual documents with revealing side notes by German occupiers and government officials. They document the collaboration of the French police, bus drivers, train employees, civil servants, journalists and many others, at the direction of the Vichy government.

"Commanding Officer in Gross Paris [Paris and surrounding suburbs] had dictated a grim warning, the barbarity of which seems hardly credible. From July 13 [1942] onwards, this warning, signed by General Oberg, der Hohere SS und Polizeifuhrer im Bereich des Militarbefehlshabers in Frankreich, was pasted on every wall and published in every paper in the city, so that the Parisians would be sure to see it. The notice described what measures would be taken by the German authorities against the family of anyone who dared to offer resistance:

1. All the male next of kin in the ascending line, as well as brothers-in-law and cousins over 18 years of age, will be shot.

2. All female next of kin similarly related will be condemned to hard labor

3. All children of men or women against whom these measures are taken, up the age of 17 years, will be put into a house of correction controlled by the German authorities." p. 8

Levy, Claude and Paul Tillard. Betrayal at the Vel d'Hiv. New York: Hill and Wang, 1969.