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It it enough? Not really, because if you’re going to loose colors (by reducing color depth), it makes sense to avoid letting default WIX decoder to do this, thus you have to find nearest base colors manually. How to do this? By using simple math

First, if you want to do it, go and buy such device. The are not a lot of alternatives, but if you’ll seek, you’ll find it very quickly.

So, let’s start. First of all, we’ll use platform invoke to get and set the information. Also, we have to preserve handle of the device from being collected by GC. After we’ll finish using the device, we’ll have to dispose it. Thus it makes sense to inherit from SafeHandle and IDisposable.

I’m working a lot with p/invoke, and know how it’s hard to produce correct signature for unmanaged method. So, today I decided to publish basic cheat sheet for methods, parameters and attributes you should use in order to invoke unmanaged methods from managed code without a lot of problems. We start with data type translations. Here the table to understand it.

Data type from unmanaged signature

Data type in managed signature

int

int

the same with all other simple types such as double, uint, etc or private objects

void*

IntPtr

int*

ref int

the same with all other simple types such as double, uint, etc or private objects

char**

ref IntPtr

later, you should get ascii string by using System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi() method

wcar_t**

ref IntPtr

later, you should get ascii string by using System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.PtrToStringUni() method

You can use either System.Runtime.InteropServices.In or System.Runtime.InteropServices.Out attribute to specify how arguments should be used.

Now we done with simple arguments, let’s see what can be done when argument is actually callback or delegate?

Unmanaged definition

Managed definition

typedef void (*MyCallback)(int Arg)

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.UnmanagedFunctionPointer(System.Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention.Cdecl)]delegate void MyCallback(int Arg) Caller cleans stack argument is used to assure, that we can call varargs type function, usually used by API provider. It is very similar to C# overrides for methods. Also you can use StdCall (this is default), ThisCall – stores this first and pushes other parameters on the stack, FastCall – not very supported

To call all those methods, we should know managed equivalents of unmanaged types. Here the table. The rule is simple – know how many bytes unmanaged type has and find managed type with the same number of bytes. Other words, you can marshal int into IntPtr too…

Unmanaged type

Managed equivalent

bool

bool

char

sbyte (signed), byte (unsigned)

wchar_t

char

double

double

float

single

int, long (signed)

Int32

int, long (unsigned)

UInt32

__int64 (signed)

Int64

__int64

UInt64

short (signed)

Int16

short (unsigned)

UInt16

void

void

But not only types are problem in managed/unmanaged transitions. Also structures are aligned differently. For this purpose we can use StructLayout attribute. Even if unmanaged classes are sequential and you used correct managed data types, you can find you with problems in Pack. What “pack” is? Pack is actually slot size in bytes for members of your structure. It can be 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, or 128 and depends on the platform and application setting.

Now you can see, that it is not very complicated to create managed signatures when you have header of unmanaged assemblies. So go ahead and ask, if I missed something.

If you are “in” WPF imaging, you, definitely, should read this post of Dwayne Need (who is SDM of WPF in Microsoft) about customizing BitmapSource. A ton of information about how to make Bitmap Source for your needs, what WIC is and how to use it. Also he has a lot of samples in CodePlex. Great work, Dwayne.

How to make Silverlight application to run as stand alone application and how to insert this application inside your application?

How to escape Silverlight from it’s sand box (how to make it run in full trust mode)

When first two items done, how to make Silverlight to access anyfile in your file system?

Looks scary? Let’s see first reasons for those “hackery” targets. The main reason is to make Silverlight Air (you, probably understand what I’m speaking about :)). Why? When I want to build Silverlight Image Upload control. The one similar to those Yahoo, Facebook and many others have. With live preview, editing (before uploading), drag and drop, etc. Yes, I do not want ugly File Open dialog from Silverlight. I want it sexy, yet functional! To do this, we have to make Silverlight be able to access filesystem. Of cause I want to ask user to authorize me first, then I can get an access.

The other reason is to incorporate Silverlight control inside WinForms application. Why? There are some reasons – “light weigh stuff”, maybe :). Maybe banner ads inside desktop application. It’s just cool :). Well, there are some other more serious reasons. So let’s start.

First task – to make it run as stand alone application.

Well, this one is easy. All you have to do is to have WebBrowser control with Silverlight content inside it in your application. So,

We done. But we’re in desktop, thus I want it full trust… This is most interesting part of today’s post.

Second task – to make it run in User Full Trust mode.

First try – to incorporate Silverlight’s OCX (ActiveX) control. Add npctrl.dll from [Program Files]\Microsoft Silverlight\[Version] – this is ActiveX and Visual Studio will create wrapper with AxHost. This one is cool, but it wont work. why? As you, probably, know Silverlight connected to it’s web page host DOM when we’re using it as stand alone player it cannot find it’s document, thus initialization failed. So what to do? What can provide me DOM from one side and run in full trust from the other side. Someone remember what HTA is (it is not mobile device, it’s very beginning of RIA era). HTML applications were run by very special host, named mshta.exe it’s in [Windows]\System32 folder and it’s still there. Everything running inside MSHTA will run by default in full trust mode. From one hand it’s regular IE, (do we have DOM), from other hand it’s make us able to run full trust internet application. Let’s use it (from code)

Now we have strange window, running our Silverlight application. What’s next? Incorporate it inside our application. What’s the problem p (my process).MainWindowHandle and then SetParent for to the control I want. Well, it does not work. MSHTA has no (publicly) main window. So, we’ll find it and then change it’s parent. His class named “HTML Application Host Window Class”.

Yu-hoo. We hosted Silverlight page inside our application. It’s full trust so, we can access file system. But wait… Silverlight is not designed to have an access to the file system. The only space it can see is isolated storage, thus it has no classes for listing files anywhere. what to do?

Third task – to make it access user’s file system

We need another ActiveX to run from Javascript (or C# code) that knows to access to file system. Our hosting document can initialize it and then expose relevant methods to Silverlight. What’s such class? Let’s back to gold era of unsafe computing – we have Scripting.FileSystemObject there. This class is very dangerous it can do anything in local file system. Many system administrators using this class to script their evil login scripts (those black quick command line promps, that doing something bad to your system each time you’re logging in in your domain). It know everything about your disks and can be run from full trust environment. So, it’s just exactly what we need. Get all drives in your machine

Very cool we have files by using f = fso.GetFile( name ); method, now we can do anything with it. For example get or set attributes f.attributes, or rename f.Name = s, or, even delete it f.Delete(); Isn’t it really evil?

We done. Now you can run Silverlight as full trust desktop application and, even host it wherever you want. Even inside calculator…

First of all what is Preview Handler? Preview Handler is COM object, that called when you want to display the preview of your item. Other words, Preview Handlers are lightweight, rich and read-only previews of file’s content in a reading pane. You can find preview handlers in Microsoft Outlook 2007, Windows Vista and, even sometimes in XP. Can we use preview handlers within your WPF application? Probably we can. Let’s see how we can do it.

Let’s create simple WPF window, that displays file list from left and preview of items in right side. We’ll use simple file list string collection as our datasource, bind it to Listbox Items and then bind selected item to some contentpresenter. I blogged about this approach earlier.

In order to find and attach preview handler to specific file type, all we have to do is to look into HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT and find COM Guid of preview handler (8895b1c6-b41f-4c1c-a562-0d564250836f). The default value of this key will be the Guid of COM object, that actually can preview this type of files. Let’s do it

There are two kinds of initializations for preview handlers – file and stream based. Each one has it’s own interface. So, we can only check if the object created implements this interface to be able to initialize the handler

So far so good, but we’re in WPF. Thus ContentPresenter we’re using has no handle! That’s right, but the main WPF application window has. So, let’s first get the main application window handle, then create rectangle bounds of the region, occupied by ContentControl.

In order to do it, we’ll derive from ContentPresenter and will listen to ActualtHeight and ActualeWidth property of it. First get the window handler (it wont be changed during the application life cycle), then update layout of our WPF Preview Handler for region and bounds of the control.

And now we finished. We can use unmanaged preview handlers to display content of our files, hold by WPF application. Also, if you want, you can create your own preview handlers and they’ll appear in your WPF application as well as they’ll magically appear in Outlook. Following full source code for this article

In GDI+ (Winforms) world, there was very handy class inside System.Drawing. It named ColorTranslator and it used to translate from OLE integer color value into GDI+ Color and vice verse. In WPF there is no such class, so if you’re working with old COM/COM+ application you have either reference System.Drawing.dll or write those two methods yourself. I prefer to write it

If you want to use ContextMenu in XBAP application this will work, only if your XBAP is in full trust mode. Else you’ll get "Request for the permission of type ‘System.Security.Permissions.UIPermission, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089′ failed". But even with Full Trust application, if you’ll try to open context menu explicitly it wont. The error, you’ll get will be "Cannot create a top-level child window". This is right. You cannot use layered windows without explicitely set parent inside browser sandbox.

Why this happens? Honestly, as for me, this is bug inside System.Windows.Controls.PopupControlService internal class (tnx to Shared .NET source code). For some reason PopupControlService set parent of the context menu while it raises ToolTipOpenning event. More, then this, it uses internal dependency property OwnerProperty to do it. So pity.

Never mind. The question is how to take care on it, when we have no public Owner property and Parent is read only? Fortunately, dev team leave us PlacementTarget property to explicitly set the owner of ContextMenu. So, all you have to do is to add one line before setting IsOpen property to true.

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