A massive new planet in our solar system named Tyche? Maybe. But what does “Tyche” mean?

There may be a new planet joining the solar system. A provocative hypothesis posed by a duo of planetary astronomers from the University of Louisiana-Lafayette includes the existence of the planet Tyche: a ninth planet estimated to be four times the size of Jupiter located somewhere at the outermost reaches of the solar system. It’s hard to know what is more enjoyable: stories about planets themselves or the meaning behind their names. NASA can handle the astronomy; here’s the meaning behind the name.

Tyche (pronounced tayh-kee) is derived from the Greek word for “providence, fortune” and the Roman “fortuna.” It also refers to the ancient Greek goddess of spirit and fortune – a tutelary deity that oversees the destiny of a city. The Greek historian Polybius believed that when no direct cause could be identified for floods, drought or frosts, the blame fell on Tyche’s shoulders. A capricious dispenser of both good and ill will, Lady Luck giveth and taketh away.

(If you think this is a strange name, consider the one given to a mysterious green blob in outer space: Hanny’s Voorwerp. Learn the source of that moniker, here.)

The daughter of the Titans Oceanus and Tethys, Tyche is often depicted holding a large cornucopia that represents good luck and fortune and from which an abundance of coins fall. She also holds a rudder, helping her to guide and conduct the fates of the world. Finally, a ball completes her regalia, representing the unsteadiness of any given fortune.

Tyche’s benevolent sister and nemesis was, well, Nemesis: the goddess of retribution and indignation. An avenging goddess, Nemesis is regarded as the balancer of fortunes handed out by Tyche. Most interestingly, astronomers chose the name Tyche because the discovery of this new celestial body counteracts a once held-hypothesis that a solar object named Nemesis is responsible for regular, repeated extinctions on Earth.

Mythology is such a pervasive source of names in our culture that many of them probably escape your attention. For example, who is the one-armed God that Tuesday is named for? Or the comely Norse goddess that is Friday’s namesake? Find out here.

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227 Comments

A new planet right? What about it’s just a pick of the new earth that Jesus is talking about. We are in our final days. Just look around. Ebola is letting people know that Jesus is telling us the truth. It’s time to come to God if you want to live forever in this new planet or earth that is done for us. Without all this greedy, spooky people that we find in this world.

BHA’s second comment (2014/02/23) about the Dictionary.com blog of 2011/02/24

Hello, “Ray” (February 25, 2011 – 11:14 am). Your response first came to my attention Sunday, February 23, 2014—yes, fourteen,
about 1,094.2 terrestrial solar days ago and about 2.9959 terrestrial tropical years later.
(The U.S. Naval Observatory’s Julian date converter was very useful for this.
No, I decline to convert the numbers manually to Martian time; I’m not that big of a lunatic—ha, ha, get it?)

You commented, in relevant part: “Delware has a way-cooler reference: DEUS…]”.
Ahem, sir, an internet search of “Delware”+”DEUS” yielded a “dead end”: no useful, illuminating information.

For one impediment, you left to guesswork whether your “Delware” represented “Delware” per sē, “Delaware”,
or “Dell ware”.
Letting someone search in three haystacks instead of one is not optimally nice and kind, my dear sir.

For another impediment, your capitalized “DEUS” could be an acronym or just “deus”, Latin for “god”.
As I had previously cited a site contravening “more gibberish about Nibiru” (in antecedent comments posted at this blog), perhaps you referred to that.

Ray, I would gladly examine your much more awesome reference; alas, I cannot find it.
I am skeptical also that other readers could find it from your lead (/liːd/), absent prodigious investment of time and diligence.

At this rate, perhaps, circa 2017, you will read my new comment and set the record aright.
Perhaps, circa 2020, age 64, I will read it. Gee, thanks.

@Dwarf
HELLO!!! For God sake…………. ummm don’t you ever listen… NASA said in May (if i correctly remember, it was in May), NASA stated that they sent the last shuttle in space… Im a freshmen in high school….(actualy this is my last week then imma goin to be a sophmore) but anyway, i thought about goin to college to study into goin to work for NASA….. i did some research and found out that they just launched the LAST shuttle into space….. now, if you think about it, NASA said that before but turned around and sent astronaunts back into space. Now im not trying to be rude or anything but you cant just asume your goin to go to the moon in 2 years… to be honest i wanna travel to space after high school…. but yea sorry…..

@mel
Heyy, dont listen to others about the whole thing with pluto…. yeah, pluto is considered as a dwarf planet…. but people still have feelings for pluto…. after NASA stated that Pluto was a dwarf planet i never actually took it into reality… in my own opinion pluto is still a planet no matter what…. and I know that its not but this is a free country… i will stand up for my opinions no matter the cost…

For Everyone Else
Yea you guys might be excited but NASA has not made Tyche an official planet so dont get your hopes up quite yet……. Also, you people are jumping into this whole thing with Tyche, like “is there any life forms…” or “will this be a planet that can withold life it self?”………………. we just FOUND Tyche…. its not determind whether or not its a new planet yet…. SO HOLD YOUR HORSES………………

Ok. First of all the reclassification of Pluto was totally stupid. First off, if it revolves around a large gravity feild, and is therefor in a solar system IT’S A PLANET! Unless you can prove that it is being affected by another gravity feild,(planet) being affected by the large gravity feild,(sun) IT’S A FLIPPIN’ PLANET.

YEAH!!!! TYCHE! HOPE IT IS TRue AND THAT WE CAN LEARN MORE BOUT IT AND MAKE IT THE official NINTH PLANET!! WITH THAT, NEW DISCOVERIES ARE FLOATING IN THE AIR LIKE MOLECULES, SO I´M NOT CRAZY SAYING THERE MIGHT B ANOTHER PLANET WITH LIFE!! PROBABLY FAR AWAY, BUT STILL!!!!!!!
kisses from tyche

Phoebe
Not much on these pages makes an instant appeal, but I shall cherish the wisdom of “There is nothing we can do to destroy our planet! We did not make it, and we can not destroy it.”
Absolutely true.

Why is it that we are just now discovering this planet? I mean, we have seen complete other galaxies and we are just now finding this planet???
Drew we aren’t destroying our planet any more than it destroys itself! Why is it that people think that we are the ones that are going to destroy our planet? There is nothing we can do to destroy our planet! We did not make it, and we can not destroy it!

More than 500 years ago a man call Guru Nanak have says, there are Billion of planet and Million of planet Earth in the solar system. Only now our smart science tis found the ninth planet. try to read the Sikh bible call Guru Granth Sahib in English. Ooh man! will you see the real wold .

A planet 4 times the size of Jupiter beyond the Kuiper Belt? …Impossible. If there even was such a thing we would have already found it based on the gravitational wobble it would cause on our sun, we would have also seen a gravitational influence on the outer planets (Uranus, Neptune) because of the planets immense size. IT DOESN’T EXIST!!!

Τύχη is actually the Greek word for luck, and only luck. And it is most certainly not pronounced like that, rather more like tee-hee (hee having a short and snappy “ee” sound). Check your linguists’ general linguistic or WEB SEARCHING ability, Dictionary.com!

maybe we could ditch our own dying planet and colinize tyche if its not a gas giant which it probably is?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? like really i dont get it what the heck and also why do people use plastic bottles and things??? they destroy earth and will make us eventually have to ditch earth for some other planet because earth is falling apart. has anyone ever heard of just leave your footstep, not a huge crater?

That’s cool I never knew that before. We all learn something new everyday. I love the universe and the solar system. Pretty cool! Also I love astronomy history, Mayan, Sumerian, etc. space history. So we replaced Pluto to Tyche. Because Pluto is only considered as a drawf planet and Tyche is our second gas planet besides Jupiter. Tyche is 4 times bigger than Jupiter. It’s the 9th planet away from the sun. I know how Earth is like today. Pretty sad cause they wrecked trees, bushes, flowers, etc. just to give more space to humans. Most of us are humans. But the gorillas, apes, monkeys, and chimpanzees are more powerful than humans for sure. We are all mammals. Mammals are animals. We are the only animals that can talk in different words. I love science as well.

I had heard of most of this on the news at some time or another, but I am deeply disappointed in the derivation of the name of the new planet. I don’t sit and watch the news; I drift around doing other things whilst it is on. That way you can get to make some interesting errors.
I thought this planet was named after the sixteenth century astronomer, Tycho Brahe, who was a marvellous, wickedly interesting character, a deeply flawed, utterly selfish genius. I can see him in a historical drama, played brilliantly by Brian Blessed. So much so that I wonder if it is my vision, or if the movie has already been made with Brian in that role. Feel let down by the more mundane explanation. Planets fly high after all.

Any chance, the (potential) 9th planet Tyche (τγχη [accent on η] = “fate” in classical greek) could also be named after the great danish astronomer Tycho (Brahe), discoverer of new stars and the first (Super-) Nova? Even if it weren’t, its name might serve as an onomatopoetic reminder of this genius.

As to the article, how is this news? It sounds no different than the “Planet X” theory that has been floating around for decades now. All that’s different is that they’ve given this hypothetical planet a new name.

Is it possible this is a two planet system? That might explain why something this size has gone unnoticed, but could have the same gravitational pull as a large planet.

What is it’s orbital path? If it’s held in an orbit by the sun’s gravity, it’d be a pretty big feat for something that far away. But if it’s path intersects any other planet’s path, then as Pluto would say, “man, that ain’t no planet!”

To: cheer leader Krystal; I hate cheerleaders. This just shows that you HAVE NO BRAIN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Go to a website that has things for people like you. No brain. Smart people are on this site. Not retarded cheerleaders. And having a new planet is awesome. I still consider Pluto a planet.

This seems to be in alignment with the theories around Nibiru which is talked about as the planet of the crossing by the ancient Sumarians and is said to be where our creators reside. What would be interesting to know is the orbiting path of the planet and what trajectory it is on. Is it on an extremely large eliptical orbit that will intersect with the earths orbit on the way around the sun? That is what I would like to know.

At least with this hypothetical planet we can pick back up on those planet acronyms from grade school. You know, the ones that kinda died after Pluto was kicked out?:
My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nine Pizzas… err, Tacos.

You all are not seeing the reality here with this new planet. Like Anth said is NIBIRU! stop saying Wow a new planet how cool, trust me it will not be cool, when this new planet tries to lineup next to the others , our planet earth will go through horrifying events. Nibiru will be visible to the naked eye from the southern hemisphere. They also say Earth’s axis is already tilting and the length of the day is changing under its influence.

K, so I was taught nine planets including Pluto the year before they decided that Pluto was not a planet anymore, but a planetoid. I’m so happy that there are nine planets again! It just doesn’t seem right with eight.

@berrypride:
So you’re saying we should just forget tradition and our past to name it something more modernized? Just because we live in the present (which is a fleeting thing, by the way) does not mean we should forget our past. Better to hold onto the past whilst moving towards the future, than forgetting the past and dooming it to repeat.

Eris, Sedna, Pluto, etc. are dwarf planets. They are not considered to be large enough to qualify as planets themselves.

Any massive body anywhere NEAR the size of Jupiter would HAVE to be a gas giant, or it would be torn apart by tidal forces.

A gas giant is a terrible place to look for potential life forms. It’s far too energetic, and there’s no solid surface (other than the core, which would be under thousands of atmospheres of pressure) on which to evolve.

“Vulcan” is a myth. I believe a chap named Albert Einstein explained that away using the theory of General Relativity around 90 years ago.

No, Tyche, if it exists, is NOT IN ANOTHER SOLAR SYSTEM. If we were 20 feet from the sun, the nearest star would be 1000+ miles away.

STOP WHINING ABOUT PLUTO. IT’S A CHUNK OF ROCK IN SPACE. GET OVER IT.

@berrypride: What do you want to name it? Bill Gates? iPod? Justin Bieber?

Eris, Sedna, Pluto, etc. are dwarf planets. They are not considered to be large enough to qualify as planets themselves.

Any massive body anywhere NEAR the size of Jupiter would HAVE to be a gas giant, or it would be torn apart by tidal forces.

A gas giant is a terrible place to look for potential life forms. It’s far too energetic, and there’s no solid surface (other than the core, which would be under thousands of atmospheres of pressure) on which to evolve.

“Vulcan” is a myth. I believe a chap named Albert Einstein explained that away using the theory of General Relativity around 90 years ago.

No, Tyche, if it exists, is NOT IN ANOTHER SOLAR SYSTEM. If we were 20 feet from the sun, the nearest star would be 1000+ miles away.

“It’s hard to know what is more enjoyable, stories about planets themselves or the meaning behind their names.”

No this is not a hard thing to know, stories about the planets themselves are more enjoyable……by far….who gives a crap why they named it what they did? I want to know about the planet, what it’s made of, what it looks like and if we plan to research it, not pointlessly drivel on about ancient Greek fairy tails

It is sad to see how many people appear to get their rocks off by writing gibberish on blogs such as this – there is a case for monitoring it and blocking the silliest ones. I know, who guards the guards?, but the alternative is stuff which can only please those with very low IQs.

That’s not a planet. That’s my space ship! I parked it beyond Pluto so nobody would steal it. Dang! Now I gotta fly all the way out there to move it again. You people with your daggone telescopes get on my last nerve!

It’s not like we need anymore planets… but I think it would be interesting to find out more about Tyche. And although I know that Pluto isn’t an official planet, I still call it one and there’s nothing wrong with that. Rant all you want it’s not going to change my perspective on Pluto.

A hypothetical planet is interesting, but I’d like to bring this conversation back to Earth: I’m so confused as to why the writer describes the goddess of retribution as “benevolent.” Perhaps a case of the mind thinking one thing, and the fingers typing another! Now that’s MY nemesis.

This is a nice article, but I was surprised by a lot of the comments. The article states that there may be a new planet, not that there is a new planet. I read an article about Tyche in a science journal just a couple of days ago. I’m a bit sad to say, but the two astronomers mentioned above, and their hypothesis regarding the existence of the planet Tyche, seems to have been blatantly dismissed by the astronomy community. A lot of experts feel that their evidence does not justify what they are proposing. One even went so far as to infer that the data collected was analyzed with very little skill. That’s the thing about the Academic community; everyone wants to make some great discovery, from the medievalist hoping to find a loss manuscript that holds never before seen literary material, to the astronomer, claiming to have discovered a new planet. But, then again, who knows? Many people once doubted Copernicus and Galileo concerning their hypotheses and we all know how that turned out.

Unless I am mistaken, when I was on the astronaut team of 1968, we studied the possible existence of this very planet. It is not as far away as it seems and, believe it or not, I was placed on a team of which we were to be shuttled within orbit range of this planet. My guess is we never heard more because of funding shortages. I was later placed on the space station, Neptune’s Village” for 17 months with a Russian federation of delegates.

Why “Tyche?” It should have a more meaningful and unconventional name. I mean honestly, we can think of something better than that. A new planet discovered in the information age because we have the resources to do so should have a new name, not one that looks towards the past for the future, but at the present.

Wow….4 times larger than Jupiter? How did we miss this one! Still learning new things about our own solar system…just goes to show you how massive this universe really is!

@John
“Why is it so important that we acknowledge the existence of a new planet in our solar system, when we don’t fully understand our home planet earth for instead the Burmuda Triangle we tend to distroy it by polluting it ( which will never happen, because we are just destroying ourselves for nature have a strange way of returning the favor ) putting in mind that we will find another planet where we could go get refuge.
earth ! have we already forget why it is home ?”

We study other planets in our solar system and view planets in others so that we can learn more about the history of our own planet, Earth. Astronomy’s important so try not to be so narrow-minded about it!

it is safe to go anywhere, just ignore those naive conspiracy theories, they are not the best source of facts.

the real issue would me meteorite showers which probes, capsules and space vehicles may face which can be dangerous, but stuff like radiation is irrelevant, whether you’re on Earth or out there, by the way we’re ten thousand million of billion trillion times smaller than an atom if we were the compare the size of Earth to the whole universe. So radiation is there regardless.

So it is possible to travel to the edge of solar system but space debris, rocks, meteorites can cause showers and damage or destroy the space ship.

WOW!!!!!A NEW PLANET?!it’s pretty amazing hw a planet and be created and be discovered!i am already going to scicon next week and i am interested in this! TELL ME ABOUT IT SCIENTISTS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! maybe i should relax alittle or maybe alot:)

Wow! Like this is a surprise to us…For those of you who dont know the Sumerians and the Mayans already knew about this, they even included it in their drawings. However, the Mayans messed up one thing, they thought planet x (Nibiur) was close to the sun. Or it was hiden and could be seen at times when the time is right. If the mayans correctly predicted this then 2012 might as well happen too. After all, the mayans predicted everything that has happened so far.

Actually, our criteria for planet versus moons are a bit vague. In addition, previous theories may be wrong regarding how many “planets” we have in our solar systems. On our outer rim we previously defined some as plants, but recent research is now considering them to be moons.

For a dictionary website I think you need to go look up the difference between “theory” and “hypothesis” in the context of science. In science, the word theory refers to a comprehensive explanation of an important feature of nature supported by facts gathered over time. This planet is hypothetical, not theoretical, and is only very tenuously hypothetical to boot.

Hey mel, nine spaces from the top, they (being astronomers) said that pluto wasn’t a planet anymore due to it’s small size. Well, it’s a dwarf planet, but not a planet planet so to speak (when someone says planet, people think big heavenly bodies). So, based on the 8 planets and dwarf planets, this is technically the ninth now.

But wow, a new planet 4 times the size of Jupiter? whoa… sounds like a lot of mapping!

Bill, duh. If you knew anything about hubble you would know that hubble is made to view extremely distance stars nebulas galxies etc. It is not made to find and view things that are in our solar system, orbiting the sun. That’s the same reason we can’t get a good picture of pluto

“NASA can handle the astronomy…” Really? Or just the astronautics? Yes, NASA’s preponderant post-lunar purpose has been launching and monitoring deep-space probes in service of astronomy, but NASA undertakes little original, independent astronomy, methinks. Well, yes too, NASA seeks to advance extant technology in service of astronomy, but much of that is directed to supporting potential astronautical goals.

Surely some dissents from that.

If the extraterrestrial being of jokes were to land and ask “Take me to your leader of astronomy!”, to whom or what would you take tschim, err, him/her? Possibly to the IAU, the International Astronomical Union headquartered in Pais, France (http://En.WikiPedia.org/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union). The IAU is the one which redefined the category of “planet” to exclude Pluto, my dear mel (February 24, 2011 at 2:59 pm).

My dear Joshua Shostakovitch Braun (February 24, 2011 at 4:27 pm)! It is good to see that Russians and Germans coëxist maritally and that you bear the name of the great composer Шостакович! It is great, modern classical music to my astronomical ears, err, eyes.

I am agree with John totally, and also I like to say that even it doesn’t sounds like we don’t take care of our mother earth but we could prepare the new genurations who are coming after we leaving this earth to take care of this in a better way, if it is really left over for them to use.
I like to show my apperiation to scientist for their hard work and providon for us all the info. I love it, I always enjoyed it, I wish I could be part of it but I’m not…. I guess that alll gooooddd.

“Planet X” has been speculated on for sometime now. The idea of the 10th planet being outside Pluto was first proposed in the early 1900s as a way of explaining Pluto’s odd orbit. Even then it was assumed to be a giant, in order to have the gravitational power to effect Pluto but still not be seen by telescope. If there, it will be a gas giant like Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus. The other possibility for Planet X is inside the orbit of Mercury. Every few years someone sees a spot crossing in front of the blazing light of the Sun, and then it disappears. That potential body has been called the planet Vulcan, after the Greek blacksmith god.

i think we should worry about our planet and how we can save it from being destroyed by people who dont care(people mostly care about money) wow new planet its not like we can live there anyways its to far from the sun itll be to cold to live on

Guys, this is just for MEL(this first sentence), because he think Pluto is a planet, well, hard to break it to you, but is was said that pluto in not a planet any more. It was said like 3 years ago. It is possible, I justs has to be empty out there where is circles earth, and I has to be flying fast! Or else it would slam itself into the Sun, and cause galactic dodgeball, again… trust me, it is not fun. Planets are out of control and slam into each other at a such tremendous force, that it literally smashes them to bits.

Highly presumptuous that it should be in prograde orbit like all the other ‘known’ planets … (I’ve already shown that a larger ‘planet’ in retrograde orbit is more likely related to the sunspot cycles, in 1984 research.)

Oceanus and Tethys are quite a pair: Oceanus aka Ea aka Enki (aka Cainan, because he was sired by Cain) consorted with his grandmother Tethys because he didn’t have a sister right away because of the generation shortening because Anu had moved from Egypt at 40 because Cain owed Shw a son because -you know-…) The name of the daughter Tyche might be T’yche and so related to Er’ish’kigal….

@ mel:
Pluto isnt a planet. Its’s been demoted to a planetoid. That would make this the ninth planet.
@ Alex:
This article mentioned nothing about visiting Tyche; it is only proposing that it exists.
@ Bill:
This planet has not been found yet. The Tyche Theory only proposes that it exists. While Hubble is a magnificent telescope, as it was ten years ago, it is most likely not powerful enough to spot this small of an object this far away. Keep in mind that all planets in other solar systems have so far been discovered by observing the miniscule wobble and dimming they cause to their parent star as they orbit. Tyche is different from these exoplanets because it orbits our own sun and cannot be observed in this way, as we are between our sun and Tyche’s orbit.

Give me more info on the planet send a robot thing to the planet sorry forgot what they called it. Bring some samples back test them and then bring it up level by level. If you get enough info to where you think people can go there you should do it. This is great though I just need more info about the planet.

Is everyone who comments on here in kindergarten? Honestly, of course it’s a gas giant; glad you think it’s awesome; it’s probably only as safe for astronauts as any other planet we already have, and the question is irrelevant because we haven’t even found this planet yet; glad you like the paragraph, probably the most relevant comment here, although by no means substantial; what are you even talking about; no they should talk about the name, seeing as this site is called DICTIONARY.com, not NASA.gov; he knows this because it’s his job.

Anyhow, great article, I wish you had a better reader base. I am glad they have you though, because reading your stuff and maybe learning a thing or two would certainly help.

Am I the only one upset that they’re breaking the tradition of Roman deities’ names being used for planets? And since Jupiter was the king of their gods, would that not make the planet Jupiter’s name a misnomer? Perhaps we shouldn’t have ended the Space Shuttle Program so early.

Why is it so important that we acknowledge the existence of a new planet in our solar system, when we don’t fully understand our home planet earth for instead the Burmuda Triangle we tend to distroy it by polluting it ( which will never happen, because we are just destroying ourselves for nature have a strange way of returning the favor ) putting in mind that we will find another planet where we could go get refuge.
earth ! have we already forget why it is home ?

I am a astronomer here at Michigan Scientific Research Facility and I think this is a pleasant surprise in the Planet history. This will probably give great resources for this World. I hope we will soon find this whole galaxy(20 years from now) :o)
Sincerely,
Joshua Shostakovitch Braun

Actually a planet can’t really be much “larger” than Jupiter already is–especially not four times the size. It can be more “massive,” but not bigger, because any additional material would just be crushed into a more dense state by the planet’s massive gravity. A star (or even a brown dwarf) could be bigger, but that’s only because different forms of nuclear fusion balance out the condensing caused by gravity.
Just so you know, the there’s no way the SIZE of Tyche is four times that of Jupiter.

Wow they really said its the ninth planet…sorry but Pluto is still the ninth planet, darn new liberal thinkers telling us “pluto isnt a planet sorry” so Tyche is the TENTH planet! GOOD DAY SIRS AND MADAMS

If astronauts can’t get to Mars then how are they suppose to get to “Tyche” when it’s located in the ‘outermost reaches’ of the solar system? It’s very interesting though … wonder if it’s actually true.