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The population of Mongolia is 2.4 million with a population density of 1.5 people per squarekilometers. About 32 per cent of the total population lives in the Capital –Ulaanbaatar. 36% ofpopulation is children below 15 years old.Literacy rate in Mongolia is very high amounting 97.8% of the population aged 15 years old andabove.

The 2000 Census is the ninth in its history, which was the first conducted since Mongolia movedfrom the centrally planned economy to a market economy in 1990. It was planned keeping in view theneeds of emerging modern market economy and therefore has deviated from many of the past practices.One of the distinctive features of the 2000 Census was that it followed internationally acceptablemethodologies.

The 2000 Census enumerated persons at the places where they were at the time of the Census on the

basis of “de facto ” and attempted to measure all persons usually resident in the country as “de jure”.In 2000 Census, all the persons who had been living or would be living in Mongolia, for six monthsor more are to be enumerated. The foreign diplomatic corps and consular corps, their suits anddependents were excluded form the coverage.