solutions

Summary

Summary: The homogeneous mixtures formed by the mixing of a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance (solute) with a liquid (the solvent), from which the dissolved substances can be recovered by physical processes. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Top Publications

AQUA and PROCHECK-NMR: programs for checking the quality of protein structures solved by NMR

R A LaskowskiDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College London, UKJ Biomol NMR 8:477-86. 1996

..Application of the method is illustrated by the restoration of a ribosome-like model structure and more realistically by the determination of the shape of several proteins from experimental x-ray scattering data...

..This new type of data analysis has a broad application in biology and it provides a powerful tool for measuring fast as well as slower dynamic processes in cellular systems using any standard laser confocal microscope...

Crowding effects on diffusion in solutions and cells

James A DixDepartment of Chemistry, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, USAAnnu Rev Biophys 37:247-63. 2008

..Experimental measurements of solute diffusion in solutions and cellular aqueous compartments, however, generally show Brownian diffusion...

..that are inconsistent with the reported crystal structure, indicating that a different structure exists in K+ solutions. Sedimentation coefficients were determined experimentally in both Na+ and K+ solutions and were compared with ..

..for SAXS data analysis are presented in this review including rapid characterization of macromolecular solutions in terms of low-resolution shapes, validation of high-resolution models in close-to-native conditions, ..

An intramolecular G-quadruplex structure with mixed parallel/antiparallel G-strands formed in the human BCL-2 promoter region in solution

..Here, BSS-SAXS reconstruction is used to reveal the structural organization of Hck in solution and the different shifts in the equilibrium population of assembly states upon the binding of different signaling peptides...

Some precautions in using chelators to buffer metals in biological solutions

..2% technical error under nearly ideal conditions. We propose FMQ by NMR as a practical alternative to 1D (1)H NMR for metabolomics studies in which 50-mg (extract dry weight) samples can be obtained...

Effect of aggregation kinetics on the thermal conductivity of nanoscale colloidal solutions (nanofluid)

..of k with respect to nanoparticle size, an increase as well as a decrease in the ratio of k of these colloidal solutions with the k of the base fluid with increasing temperature, and a dependence of k on pH and time...

Classification with correlated features: unreliability of feature ranking and solutions

..The new method substantially improves the resolution and reliability of models derived from scattering data and makes solution scattering a useful technique in large-scale structural characterization of proteins...

Chaperone Nap1 shields histone surfaces used in a nucleosome and can put H2A-H2B in an unconventional tetrameric form

..The organization of the complex reveals that Nap1 competes with histone-DNA and interhistone interactions observed in the nucleosome, thereby regulating the availability of histones for chromatin assembly. ..

..A comparison between the model results and experimental data gave high correlation coefficient (R(2)=0.976) shows that the model is able to predict the concentration of residual Cr(VI) in the solution...

A low frequency electromagnetic sensor for indirect measurement of glucose concentration: in vitro experiments in different conductive solutions

..sensor, and we tested in vitro its ability to estimate variations in glucose concentration of different solutions with similarities to blood (sodium chloride and Ringer-lactate solutions), differing though in the lack of any ..

The ligand-free state of the TPP riboswitch: a partially folded RNA structure

..The capacity of the IF domain to establish an initial encounter-collision complex, together with the flexible orientation of the two interacting domains, makes SlyD* a very powerful catalyst of protein folding...

Synthetic solutions containing amino acids, sugar, water, and yeast nutrients have been fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the volatile composition of the fermented media has been analyzed by GC...

..These studies reveal that the active site of CypA, which can catalyze the isomerization of proline residues in vitro, also functions as a sequence-specific, protein-binding motif in HIV-1 replication...

..successfully applied to complex soft-matter systems, such as colloid-polymer systems and concentrated protein solutions. However, intriguing problems like the frequent occurrence of cluster phases remain...

..Structural comparisons suggest that chromo domains, of which more than 40 are now known, act as protein interaction motifs and that the MoMOD1 protein acts as an adaptor mediating interactions between different proteins...

..Detailed comparison of the structures of the two UBA domains, combined with previous mutagenesis studies, indicates that the binding site of HIV-1 Vpr on UBA(2) does not completely overlap the ubiquitin binding site...

NMR studies in aqueous solution fail to identify significant conformational differences between the monomeric forms of two Alzheimer peptides with widely different plaque-competence, A beta(1-40)(ox) and A beta(1-42)(ox)

R Riek, , , SwitzerlandEur J Biochem 268:5930-6. 2001

..The lack of the observation of more extensive conformational differences between the two molecules is intriguing, considering that A beta(1-42)(ox) in aqueous solution has much higher plaque-competence than A beta(1-40)(ox)...

..tested as an alternative low-cost adsorbent for the removal of a basic dye, methylene blue (MB), from aqueous solutions. Adsorption of MB onto this natural adsorbent was studied by batch adsorption isotherms at room temperature...

..out using a novel adsorbent, guava leaf powder (GLP), for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. Potential of GLP for adsorption of MB from aqueous solution was found to be excellent...

..The strategy extends the size limit for structure determination by NMR spectroscopy to 42 kDa for monomeric proteins and to 65 kDa for differentially labeled multimeric proteins without the need for deuteration or selective labeling...

..Besides, this displacement assay can be regenerated by resupplying free RBITC into the AuNPs solutions that were already used for detecting Hg(2+). Importantly, the detection limit of this assay for Hg(2+) (2...

A statistical-mechanical theory of fibril formation in dilute protein solutions

We outline a theoretical treatment that describes fibril formation in dilute protein solutions. For this, we combine a theory describing self-assembly and conformational transition with a description of the lateral association of linear ..

Solution structure of the first Sam domain of Odin and binding studies with the EphA2 receptor

..This work further validates structural elements relevant for the heterotypic Sam-Sam interactions of EphA2 and provides novel insights for the design of potential therapeutic compounds that can modulate receptor endocytosis...

Untreated coffee husks as biosorbents for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions

..husks (CH), a coffee processing residue, as untreated sorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. Biosorption studies were conducted in a batch system as a function of contact time, initial metal ion ..

In this Article, we present our findings on the formation of metal sulfide nanocrystals from sulfur-alkylamine solutions. By pulsed field gradient diffusion NMR along with the standard toolbox of 1D and 2D NMR, we determined that sulfur-..

A modified protocol to prepare seed-free starting solutions of amyloid-β (Aβ)₁₋₄₀ and Aβ₁₋₄₂ from the corresponding depsipeptides

..In this case, the SK method produces upwardly biased estimates of titres. Based on our results, we recommend the use of either ML or SK at most virus concentrations; however, at low virus concentrations ML is preferred...

Scaling form of viscosity at all length-scales in poly(ethylene glycol) solutions studied by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and capillary electrophoresis

..Preliminary modeling efforts suggest evidence for allosteric linkage between the two exosites...

Hypothermic storage of isolated human hepatocytes: a comparison between University of Wisconsin solution and a hypothermosol platform

Alina OstrowskaWroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, PolandArch Toxicol 83:493-502. 2009

..Although hepatocytes are shown to be satisfactory after 24 h storage in all of the tested solutions, the cell viability, energy status, and xenobiotic metabolism following cold preservation in HTS-FRS was ..

Biosorption of cadmium (II) and lead (II) from aqueous solutions using mushrooms: a comparative study

..Equilibrium data were found to fit very well with both Freundlich and Langmuir models. Also the adsorption of oil onto the hydrogel behaves as a pseudo-second-order kinetic models rather than the pseudo-first-order kinetic model...

..4-4.5 microg/day for 15 days and 0.1-0.3 microg/day for 360 days. Of the order of 30%-40% of dissolved cupric ions were trapped in the product layers. The main compounds identified were cuprite (Cu(2)O), calcite (CaCO(3)), and phosphates...

..However, replacement of charge residues in the sequence of MAb-2, M-10, did not invoke charge distribution to the same extent as MAb-1 and hence exhibited a similar viscosity and self-association profile as MAb-2...

Plasma glucagon and insulin responses depend on the rate of appearance of amino acids after ingestion of different protein solutions in humans

To find out whether the hormonal response to feeding with protein solutions is influenced by the nature and degree of protein fractionation, we examined insulin and glucagon responses after intake of protein solutions containing the same ..

We reevaluate the absolute fluorescence and phosphorescence quantum yields of standard solutions by using a novel instrument developed for measuring the absolute emission quantum yields of solutions...

Characterization of the decaheme c-type cytochrome OmcA in solution and on hematite surfaces by small angle x-ray scattering and neutron reflectometry

..Therefore, we investigated whether the addition of magnesium and potassium to platelets stored in a platelet additive solution (PAS) would affect the generation of cytokines during platelet storage...

Masking of the Fc region in human IgG4 by constrained X-ray scattering modelling: implications for antibody function and therapy

..Constrained modelling confirms the experimental data analysis and produces families of best-fit molecular models. Its usage has clarified several aspects of antibody structure and function in solution...

..physiology it is important to be able to control and quantify the level of Zn contamination in experimental solutions. A technique that relies on a Zn-sensitive fluorimetric probe is introduced for measuring Zn concentrations as ..

In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite

..0% and 2.0% CHX liquid to eliminate all microorganisms was the same required for 5.25% NaOCl. The antimicrobial action is related to type, concentration, and presentation form of the irrigants as well as the microbial susceptibility...

Lead removal from aqueous solution by natural and pretreated clinoptilolite: adsorption equilibrium and kinetics

Research Grants80

..xerostomia-based treatments are inadequate and temporary thus creating a significant clinical need for long-term solutions that include replacing irreversibly damaged or lost salivary tissue, with functional tissue grown on ..

..submit an annual report of no more than five (5) (Is this too specific or restrictive, or appropriate?) pages that briefly summarizes results and problems encountered (with their respective solutions) during the covered contract period.

..EEG is therefore a critical barrier to the discovery of genes that promote sleep disorders. Signal Solutions, LLC, has developed a sensor cage environment for noninvasive, HT behavioral monitoring that is being used by ..

..are major public health threats, understanding how PPAR(2 expression can be negatively regulated will provide solutions not only for treating osteoporosis, but obesity and obesity-related disorders as well...

..directed toward moving the current understanding of motility in non-physiological liquid and/or methycellulose solutions to biologically realistic environments in which spirochetes adhere to cells or ECM in order to complete their ..

..of factors critical to normal development of brain morphology and behavior, and can lead to the discovery of solutions to problems, including those associated with mental health disorders such as autism, schizophrenia and ..

..Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, and the Johns Hopkins Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research on projects directly ..

..pharmacology and health IT sectors we envision a heightened appreciation for pharmacology-based decision support solutions and an evolving strategy to use such solutions to improve outcomes in children...

..on the regulation and function of the fertile and infertile testis The first goal of this meeting is to promote solutions for two major medical and public health problems: the high incidence of male infertility in the developed world ..

..have been extended to the study of denaturing detergents, including sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in acidic solutions. We have determined that treatment with acidic SDS combined with autoclaving reduces the infectivity of Syrian ..

..goal of this application is to enhance the dissemination potential of a successful intervention, Workplace Solutions that was developed to disseminate a set of 15 evidence- based cancer prevention strategies to workplaces...

..as organoselenium (RSe) species are capable of generating physiologically relevant levels of NO when bathed in solutions containing 5M levels of RSNOs, the concentrations of RSNOs found in fresh blood...

..Acquisition of the MR750 has positive impact on the environment, since GE has several "green" solutions such as a refurbishment and recycling program where 94% of materials are reused, redeployed, or recycled, and ..

..neurochemical measurements in wild-type and Trpm5 knockout mice exposed to different carbohydrate and amino acid solutions. Importantly, by testing the glucose utilization hypothesis, the proposed project will provide novel data on how ..

..collaborative efforts in this area as well as direct attention and resources towards developing therapies and solutions for this problem. All of these steps will facilitate my successful transition to independence...

..drug resistance adaptations, we focus on basic growth and normal cellular processes in two different parasite solutions to historical drug pressure: 1) progeny of a genetic cross that maintain a common pfcrt allele in a segregating ..

..The primary objective of this proposal is to use state-of-the-art perfusion technology and new preservation solutions to test the hypothesis that machine perfusion can improve the yield and viability of islets prepared from ..

..It affects some 12 million people worldwide. [1] Corneal transplants with human donor tissue offer solutions for a fraction of patients with less severe disease, with approximately 100,000 such procedures worldwide every ..

..have tremendous potential in therapeutic applications but their development as therapeutics requires suitable solutions for a) cell-specific targeting;b) delivery to the RNAi processing machinery as well as c) systemic delivery of ..