fetal age

fetal age

fetal age

Fetal age is usually given in weeks and is determined by the use of starting points, such as in-semination (deposit of seminal fluid into the vagina), usually during sexual intercourse.

fetal

of or pertaining to a fetus or to the period of its development.

fetal age

age of the fetus; this may be determined by its crown to rump length, and various other surface features such as hair follicles and eyelids.

fetal alcohol syndrome

in humans and laboratory animals; in laboratory animals manifested by small head and nose, narrow forehead, short palpebral fissures, long thin upper lip.

fetal circulation

the circulation of blood through the body of the fetus and to and from the placenta through the umbilical cord. Oxygenated blood from the placenta is carried to the fetus by the umbilical vein. The blood from the fetus is returned to the placenta by two umbilical arteries. Oxygenation of the fetal blood and disposal of its waste products is carried on through the placenta. When the lungs begin to function at birth some of the fetal vessels, such as the ductus arteriosus, and the fetal passages, such as the foramen ovale, begin to fall into disuse. This is a gradual process of fibrosis that takes place in the period after birth.

fetal crowding

too much fetal tissue in the uterus. May cause fetal retardation in some; also papyraceous fetus. Thought to cause some of the minor congenital deformities, e.g. carpal flexion in calves, facial distortion in foals.

fetal death

results in resorption, mummification or discharge to the exterior.

fetal death ratio

see fetal death ratio.

fetal dimensions

crown to rump (tail head) length; varies with species; useful as a guide to pregnancy duration.

fetal disease

disease of the fetus in utero.

fetal dropsy

in cattle may be due to inherited defect of lymph nodes and lymphatic drainage.

fetal dystocia

dystocia caused by some characteristic of the fetus, e.g. size, monstrosity, dropsy.

a device consisting of a breech bar that fits across the back of the cow's thighs below the vulva, with a 6 ft long rod with a ratchet running its length. A small tractor is levered along the ratchet and exerts traction on the calf via obstetric chains fitted to its feet. Has the advantages of a block and tackle but with the mobility of being fixed to the cow.

sterile necrosis and dissolution of the fetus. May be ejected in this form or go on to mummification.

fetal malposition

presentation of the fetal parts in inappropriate positions for the easiest passage through the cervix, e.g. retention of the head, breech presentation.

fetal maternal rotation

alteration of the longitudinal relationship of the fetus to the dam effected per vaginam by manipulation with the hand or an obstetric crutch, or externally by casting the dam and rolling her from side to side while the fetus is held in position via a hand in the vagina.

fetal membranes

the membranes which protect the embryo and provide for its nutrition, respiration and excretion; the yolk sac (umbilical vesicle), allantois, amnion, chorion, decidua and placenta. See also extraembryonic membranes, placenta.

fetal membrane expulsion

occurs usually at the birth or less commonly within 12 hours; expulsion is by means of separation of the uterine attachment and contraction and involution of the uterine wall.

fetal membrane retention

see retained placenta.

fetal membrane slip

the sensation of a thread or edge of tissue slipping through the fingers when the amniotic vesicle in an early pregnant bovine uterus is grasped between the thumb and forefinger; the best indicator in a manual check for pregnancy until the time when cotyledons can be palpated.

a method of correcting uterine torsion in cows; the fetus is reached manually via the vagina and the fetus rotated around its long axis using a firm grasp on the upper part of a limb as a handle; the uterus, clinging to the fetus, rotates with it, undoing the torsion. Requires a fresh parturition, a slim but strong forearm and a nice appreciation of the physical law of torque.

fetal resorption

early death of the embryo during the fetal period with lysis and complete resorption of all of the products of the conception. The dam resumes normal estral cyclicity after a period of anestrus while there is maternal recognition of the pregnancy. See also early embryonic mortality.

fetal sex diagnosis

the karyotype of the fetus is determined from fetal cells collected from the amniotic fluid by amniocentesis.

To conclude, we can say that the measurement of the placental thickness is an important parameter for estimation of fetal age along with other parameters especially in the late mid trimester and early third trimester where the exact duration of pregnancy is not known and other sonographic parameters also become less reliable in this part of gestation.

Once they believe that the fetus is alive and "normal" at this level, sonographers begin to do what they refer to as "showing her the baby" Describing the image for the woman includes some diagnostic information (usually fetal age, weight, and a statement that "everything looks okay").

Lyman and his team are now using the cell-culture system to address that question and to determine how the infection varies as a function of fetal age, time of infection, amount of virus and pathway of infection.

The Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act would generally extend legal protection to unborn humans beginning at 20 weeks fetal age, based on congressional findings that by that point (and even earlier) the unborn child has the capacity to experience great pain during an abortion.

House of Representatives on October 3 passed landmark legislation, 237-189, to extend federal protections to unborn children who have reached 20 weeks fetal age, and those who are born alive during late abortions.

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