..As the clinical indications to SNB are progressively extending to encompass most breast cancer patients with non-metastatic disease who were previously excluded, great effort should be made to avoid 'unnecessary ALNDs'...

..Results of our previous trial showed that SLNB accurately screens the ALN for metastasis in breast cancers of diameter 2 mm or less. We aimed to update this trial with results from longer follow-up...

Invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with the "triple-negative" phenotype: prognostic implications of EGFR immunoreactivity

..EGFR immunoreactivity significantly correlates with worse prognosis in patients with triple-negative IDC, supporting further studies on the correlation between the degree of EGFR expression and outcome of triple negative breast cancer...

Sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer: early results in 953 patients with negative sentinel node biopsy and no axillary dissection

..The 5 year overall survival rate of the whole series was 98%. Patients with negative sentinel node biopsies not submitted to axillary dissection show during follow-up a rate of overt axillary metastases that is lower than that expected...

..Nevertheless, a subset of patients might be at high risk of developing overt axillary disease and efforts should be made to identify such patients by ancillary analyses of the results of ongoing or recently published clinical trials...

..From an oncological perspective, outcome was found to be equally effective, and this key observation provided us with significant impetus to investigate the effects of reducing the radiotherapy field...

Nipple-sparing mastectomy in association with intra operative radiotherapy (ELIOT): A new type of mastectomy for breast cancer treatment

..In fact, although removal of the NAC greatly increases the patient's sensation of mutilation, and the risk of tumor involvement of the areola is reported as a very variable percentage, NAC excision still remains the standard treatment...

..After a median follow-up of 30 months (range, 1-63) no axillary reappearance of the disease occurred. As with women, we recommend SLNB in male patients with breast cancer and clinically negative axilla...

..4 and 89.7%. ELIOT appears a promising feature in early breast cancer treated with breast conserving surgery, reducing the exposure of normal tissues to radiations and shortening the radiation course from 6 weeks to one single session...

..We present 10-year follow-up of our single-institute trial designed to compare outcomes in patients who received no axillary dissection if the sentinel node was negative, with patients who received complete axillary dissection...

A randomized comparison of sentinel-node biopsy with routine axillary dissection in breast cancer

..Although numerous studies have shown that the status of the sentinel node is an accurate predictor of the status of the axillary nodes in breast cancer, the efficacy and safety of sentinel-node biopsy require validation...

Ductal intraepithelial neoplasia: postsurgical outcome for 1,267 women cared for in one single institution over 10 years

..The main complication of NSM is nipple areolar complex (NAC) necrosis, and it is usually related to surgical technique. However, the patients' clinicopathological factors should be also considered...

Ipsilateral breast tumor reappearance in patients treated with conservative surgery after primary chemotherapy. The role of surgical margins on outcome

..We designed IBCSG trial 23-01 to determine whether no axillary dissection was non-inferior to axillary dissection in patients with one or more micrometastatic (≤2 mm) sentinel nodes and tumour of maximum 5 cm...

..At the European Institute of Oncology we started our study on ELIOT in 1999; the first step has been a phase I-II trial to test feasibility and tolerance of ELIOT in patients candidate to breast conserving surgery...

Breast carcinoma in elderly women: features of disease presentation, choice of local and systemic treatments compared with younger postmenopasual patients

..The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between biologic features at first diagnosis of breast carcinoma and treatment choice for postmenopausal women > or = 50 years to optimize treatment in the elderly...

..Intraoperative RT delivered with electrons at the total isodose of 2100 rad (21 Gy) could in principle substitute the currently used radiation course of external RT after breast-conserving surgery in selected cases...

Report on a case of breast sarcoma metastatic to the axillary lymph nodes

..We report a case of a 65-year-old woman affected by follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the left breast. Six months after breast surgery she developed an axillary metastasis from the same disease...

..Our purpose was to evaluate the locoregional recurrence (LRR) of patients with false-negative, frozen-section or close margins of retroareolar specimen in nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) procedure...

Analysis of irradiated lung and heart volumes using virtual simulation in postoperative treatment of stage I breast carcinoma

..We report the experience of the European Institute of Oncology with this unusual disease from January 1996 to January 2006: sixteen patients with angiosarcoma, 9 (56%) of whom had primary AB and 7 (44%), secondary AB, are discussed...

..The nipple-sparing mastectomy is performed leaving 5 mm of glandular tissue behind the nipple areola complex to preserve its blood supply. The reconstruction is immediately performed with a prosthesis or an autologous flap...

..In this paper technical aspects of ROLL and results on a large series of patients are reported...

[Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) in treatment of breast carcinoma--a new therapeutic alternative within the scope of breast-saving therapy? Current status and future prospects. Report of experiences from the European Institute of Oncology (EIO), Mailan

..In published series it has been demonstrated that the external boost can be replaced by intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) where irradiation at a single dose from 10 up to 15 Gy was safely delivered directly to the tumor bed...

Technical tricks to improve the cosmetic results of breast-conserving treatment

..In the case of ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence (IBTR) after breast-conserving surgery (BCS), a second conservative surgical approach maybe considered in some motivated patients whereas in others mastectomy is unavoidable...

A risk score to predict disease-free survival in patients not achieving a pathological complete remission after preoperative chemotherapy for breast cancer

..While data exist to clearly correlate small tumor size to better prognosis, the fact that very small breast cancers may express biological markers of dire prognosis leads many to ignore small tumor size during treatment decision-making...

Prognostic role of the extent of peritumoral vascular invasion in operable breast cancer

..This conservative approach is completed by the possibility to deliver a partial breast irradiation and to provide patients with more personalized adjuvant treatments tailored on the biological features of the tumour...

Giuseppe VialeDivision of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, European Institute of Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyJ Clin Oncol 26:5569-75. 2008

..To evaluate the prognostic and predictive value of Ki-67 labeling index (LI) in a trial comparing letrozole (Let) with tamoxifen (Tam) as adjuvant therapy in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer...

Minimal axillary lymph node involvement in breast cancer has different prognostic implications according to the staging procedure

..The article goes on to describe the surgical procedures of quadrantectomy and complete axillary dissection as developed by Veronesi, and outlines new indications for, and developments of this established conservative technique...

Role of breast surgery in T1-3 breast cancer patients with synchronous bone metastases

..53%). Patients with tumours larger than 2 cm were at greater risk of local recurrences and distant metastasis. Long-term oncologic results of BCT with oncoplastic surgery are comparable with the results of BCT randomized trials...