There is certainly a pattern to Pi, here it is: 3.14159... Works every single time you calculate it, exactly the same, no randomness what so ever.

It is unique, not random, there is a difference.

True random is best illustrated by "bookie numbers". When a bookie wants to run an almost honest numbers game, he sets the numbers to something like box scores, placing horse numbers or something like that. They are still biased numbers, but in general they appear to be random.

OK, it has a pattern - 1 pattern - in that it is a constant. Notwithstanding, there is no repeating pattern that makes up pi. How did my question ever get to this discussion anyway?

If you use that coin. For random, flip a couple of wheats, a couple of Abes, and couple of new pennies, randomly out of a bag. Still not truly random, but close enough for government (or school) work to the college level. For bonus points do 10,000 of each and compare and contrast.

If you use that coin. For random, flip a couple of wheats, a couple of Abes, and couple of new pennies, randomly out of a bag. Still not truly random, but close enough for government (or school) work to the college level. For bonus points do 10,000 of each and compare and contrast.

After the first 400 of a planned 1000 spins, the penny has landed tails up 263 times or 58.4%.

Two different people spun pennies - each on two different surfaces (polished wood and quartz laminate). One had tails up 58.6% the other 58.3%. The most common pennies by far are the ones with the Lincoln Memorial on the back. They landed tails up 59.2%. The new pennies with the shields on the back were slightly lower at 53.2%, and the 2009 pennies with the 4 different Lincoln backs were slightly higher at 63.2% tails up. The probability of realizing this outcome if the heads|tails probability is actually 50|50 is 0.014% - meaning statistically you'd get this result once every 7281 times you spun 400 coins. It seem pretty clear that spinning a penny is significantly biased.

The explanation appears to be Lincoln's heavy head tends to pull the coin over leaving the tail up. Of course, this only applies to a spinning penny. It would not apply to flipping a penny.