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This article documents how log analysis can inform qualitative studies concerning the usage of web-based information systems (WIS). No prior research has used http log files as data to study collaboration between multiple users in organisational settings. We investigate how to perform http log...... analysis; what http log analysis says about the nature of collaborative WIS use; and how results from http log analysis may support other data collection methods such as surveys, interviews, and observation. The analysis of log files initially lends itself to research designs, which serve to test...... hypotheses using a quantitative methodology. We show that http log analysis can also be valuable in qualitative research such as case studies. The results from http log analysis can be triangulated with other data sources and for example serve as a means of supporting the interpretation of interview data...

Full Text Available The tremendous growth of the web-based applications has increased information security vulnerabilities over the Internet. Security administrators use Intrusion-Detection System (IDS to monitor network traffic and host activities to detect attacks against hosts and network resources. In this paper IDS based on Naïve Bayes classifier is analyzed. The main objective is to enhance IDS performance through preparing the training data set allowing to detect malicious connections that exploit the http service. Results of application are demonstrated and discussed. In the training phase of the proposed IDS, at first a feature selection technique based on Naïve Bayes classifier is used, this technique identifies the most important HTTP traffic features that can be used to detect HTTP attacks. In the testing and running phases proposed IDS classifies the network traffic based on the requested service, then based on the selected features Naïve Bayes classifier is used to analyze the HTTP service based traffic and identifies the HTTP normal connections and attacks. The performance of the IDS is measured through experiments using NSL-KDD data set. The results show that the detection rate of the IDS is about 99%, the false-positive rate is about 1%, and the false-negative rate is about 0.25%; therefore, proposed IDS holds the highest detection rate and the lowest false alarm compared with other leading IDS. In addition, the proposed IDS based on Naïve Bayes is used to classify network connections as a normal or attack. And it holds a high detection rate and a low false alarm.

A new top-level domain for CERN will be inaugurated next week, with the migration of the core website to http://home.cern. The new home.cern webpage. The .cern top-level domain is intended for the exclusive use of CERN and its affiliates, and will soon be open for applications from within the community. Clear governance mechanisms for registration and management of .cern domains have been put in place. Applications for domains may be submitted by current members of the CERN personnel, and must be sponsored by a CERN entity such as a department, experiment, project or CERN-recognised experiment. For more information please refer to the registration policy. The acquisition of the .cern top-level domain was negotiated via ICANN’s new gTLD programme by a board comprising members of the CERN Legal Service, Communications group and IT department. .cern is one of over 1,300 new top-level domains that will launch over the coming months and years. The .cern domain nam...

While the Secure Socket Layer or Transport Layer Security (SSL/TLS) is assumed to provide secure communications over the Internet, many web applications utilize basic or digest authentication of Hyper Text Transport Protocol (HTTP) over SSL/TLS. Namely, in the scheme, there are two different authentication schemes in a session. Since they are separated by a layer, these are not convenient for a web application. Moreover, the scheme may also cause problems in establishing secure communication. Then we provide a scheme of authentication binding between SSL/TLS and HTTP without modifying SSL/TLS protocols and its implementation, and we show the effectiveness of our proposed scheme.

IMS is capable of providing a wide range of services. As a result, terminal software becomes more and more complex to deliver network intelligence to user applications. Currently mobile terminal software needs to be permanently updated so that the latest network services and functionality can be delivered to the user. In the Internet, browser based user interfaces assure that an interface is made available to the user which offers the latest services in the net immediately. Our approach combines the benefits of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and those of the HTTP protocol to bring the same type of user interfacing to IMS. SIP (IMS) realizes authentication, session management, charging and Quality of Service (QoS), HTTP provides access to Internet services and allows the user interface of an application to run on a mobile terminal while processing and orchestration is done on the server. A SHIP enabled IMS client only needs to handle data transport and session management via SIP, HTTP and RTP and render streaming media, HTML and Javascript. SHIP allows new kinds of applications, which combine audio, video and data within a single multimedia session.

In this contribution we present a vision for the use of the HTTP protocol for data access and data management in the context of HEP. The evolution of the DPM/LFC software stacks towards a modern framework that can be plugged into Apache servers triggered various initiatives that successfully demonstrated the use of HTTP-based protocols for data access, federation and transfer. This includes the evolution of the FTS3 system towards being able to manage third-party transfers using HTTP. Given the flexibility of the methods, the feature set may also include a subset of the SRM functionality that is relevant to disk systems. The application domain for such an ecosystem of services goes from large scale, Gridlike computing to the data access from laptops, profiting from tools that are shared with the Web community, like browsers, clients libraries and others. Particular focus was put into emphasizing the flexibility of the frameworks, which can interface with a very broad range of components, data stores, catalogues and metadata stores, including the possibility of building high performance dynamic federations of endpoints that build on the fly the feeling of a unique, seamless very efficient system. The overall goal is to leverage standards and standard practices, and use them to provide the higher level functionalities that are needed to fulfil the complex problem of Data Access in HEP. Other points of interest are about harmonizing the possibilities given by the HTTP/WebDAV protocols with existing frameworks like ROOT and already existing Storage Federations based on the XROOTD framework. We also provide quantitative evaluations of the performance that is achievable using HTTP for remote transfer and remote I/O in the context of HEP data. The idea is to contribute the parts that can make possible an ecosystem of services and applications, where the HEP-related features are covered, and the door is open to standard solutions and tools provided by third parties, in the

This Wrox Blox explains how to create different types of custom modules for ASP.NET web sites. Custom ASP.NET Modules are a great way to program advanced features to your web site. This Wrox blox discusses the difference between a custom httpModule and the Global.asax file. It also covers the steps in the ASP.NET pipeline. The examples include using a custom module to configure a site's initial settings, a background worker thread, and an IP blocker. Other examples show how to add content to the content being sent to the client, URL Rewriting, and a custom error handler. Table of Contents Intr

Full Text Available This paper aims to analyze Internet-based streaming video service in the communication media with variable bit rates. The proposed scheme on Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH using the internet network that adapts to the protocol Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP. DASH technology allows a video in the video segmentation into several packages that will distreamingkan. DASH initial stage is to compress the video source to lower the bit rate video codec uses H.26. Video compressed further in the segmentation using MP4Box generates streaming packets with the specified duration. These packages are assembled into packets in a streaming media format Presentation Description (MPD or known as MPEG-DASH. Streaming video format MPEG-DASH run on a platform with the player bitdash teritegrasi bitcoin. With this scheme, the video will have several variants of the bit rates that gave rise to the concept of scalability of streaming video services on the client side. The main target of the mechanism is smooth the MPEG-DASH streaming video display on the client. The simulation results show that the scheme based scalable video streaming MPEG-DASH able to improve the quality of image display on the client side, where the procedure bufering videos can be made constant and fine for the duration of video views

Full Text Available HTTP is recognized as the most widely used protocol on the Internet when applications are being transferred more and more by developers onto the web. Due to increasingly complex computer systems, diversity HTTP automated software (autoware thrives. Unfortunately, besides normal autoware, HTTP malware and greyware are also spreading rapidly in web environment. Consequently, network communication is not just rigorously controlled by users intention. This raises the demand for analyzing HTTP autoware communication behaviour to detect and classify malicious and normal activities via HTTP traffic. Hence, in this paper, based on many studies and analysis of the autoware communication behaviour through access graph, a new method to detect and classify HTTP autoware communication at network level is presented. The proposal system includes combination of MapReduce of Hadoop and MarkLogic NoSQL database along with xQuery to deal with huge HTTP traffic generated each day in a large network. The method is examined with real outbound HTTP traffic data collected through a proxy server of a private network. Experimental results obtained for proposed method showed that promised outcomes are achieved since 95.1% of suspicious autoware are classified and detected. This finding may assist network and system administrator in inspecting early the internal threats caused by HTTP autoware.

textabstractHTTP adaptive streaming (HAS) has become the dominant technology for streaming video over the Internet. It gained popularity because of its ability to adapt the video quality to the current network conditions and other appealing properties such as usage of off-the-shelf HTTP servers and

HTTP adaptive streaming (HAS) has become the dominant technology for streaming video over the Internet. It gained popularity because of its ability to adapt the video quality to the current network conditions and other appealing properties such as usage of off-the-shelf HTTP servers and easy

Vector Machine (SVM) are used for anomaly detection. To facilitate comparison, we also employ information gain to select key attributes (a.k.a. features) from the HTTP traffic for web attack detection. Two large real HTTP traffic are used to validate our

Full Text Available In this paper, it is shown how covert timing channels based on HTTP cache headers can be implemented using different Web API of Google Drive, Dropbox and Facebook Internet services.

With the exponential growth of LHC (Large Hadron Collider) data in the years 2010-2012, distributed computing has become the established way to analyse collider data. The ATLAS experiment Grid infrastructure includes more than 130 sites worldwide, ranging from large national computing centres to smaller university clusters. So far the storage technologies and access protocols to the clusters that host this tremendous amount of data vary from site to site. HTTP/WebDAV offers the possibility to use a unified industry standard to access the storage. We present the deployment and testing of HTTP/WebDAV for local and remote data access in the ATLAS experiment for the new data management system Rucio and the PanDA workload management system. Deployment and large scale tests have been performed using the Grid testing system HammerCloud and the ROOT HTTP plugin Davix.

With the exponential growth of LHC (Large Hadron Collider) data in the years 2010-2012, distributed computing has become the established way to analyze collider data. The ATLAS experiment Grid infrastructure includes more than 130 sites worldwide, ranging from large national computing centres to smaller university clusters. So far the storage technologies and access protocols to the clusters that host this tremendous amount of data vary from site to site. HTTP/WebDAV offers the possibility to use a unified industry standard to access the storage. We present the deployment and testing of HTTP/WebDAV for local and remote data access in the ATLAS experiment for the new data management system Rucio and the PanDA workload management system. Deployment and large scale tests have been performed using the Grid testing system HammerCloud and the ROOT HTTP plugin Davix.

http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/og.v13i 1.15. Abstract. In Nigeria, there are three main religions recognised by the people;. Christianity, Islam and the Indigenous religion. These religions have differences that have brought about unrest as the tolerance level has got to a point of polarity. The various unrests have led to national.

streaming through third-party plugins, etc. This paper suggests and evaluates two approaches to distinguish various types of HTTP traffic based on the content: distributed among volunteers' machines and centralized running in the core of the network. We also assess the accuracy of the centralized classifier...

This work studies the potential and impact of the FRANC network coding protocol for delivering high quality Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) in wireless networks. Although DASH aims to tailor the video quality rate based on the available throughput to the destination, it relies...

HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) is becoming the de-facto standard for Over-The-Top video streaming services. Video content is temporally split into segments which are offered at multiple qualities to the clients. These clients autonomously select the quality layer matching the current state of the network through a quality selection heuristic. Recently, academia and industry have begun evaluating the feasibility of adopting layered video coding for HAS. Instead of downloading one file for a cer...

As the world becomes more reliant on Web applications for commercial, financial, and medical transactions, cyber attacks on the World Wide Web are increasing in frequency and severity. Web applications provide an attractive alternative to traditional desktop applications due to their accessibility and ease of deployment. However, the accessibility of Web applications also makes them extremely vulnerable to attack. This inherent vulnerability is intensified by the distributed nature ofWeb applications and the complexity of configuring application servers. These factors have led to a proliferation of Web-based attacks, in which attackers surreptitiously inject code into HTTP requests, allowing them to execute arbitrary commands on remote systems and perform malicious activities such as reading, altering, or destroying sensitive data. One approach for dealing with HTTP-based attacks is to identify malicious code in incoming HTTP requests and eliminate bad requests before they are processed. Using machine learning techniques, we can build a classifier to automatically label requests as “Valid” or “Attack.” For this study, we develop a simple, but effective HTTP attack classifier, based on the vector space model used commonly for Information Retrieval. Our classifier not only separates attacks from valid requests, but can also identify specific attack types (e.g., “SQL Injection” or “Path Traversal”). We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through experiments on the ECML/PKDD 2007 Discovery Challenge data set. Specifically, we show that our approach achieves higher precision and recall than previous methods. In addition, our approach has a number of desirable characteristics, including robustness to missing contextual information, interpretability of models, and scalability.

Full Text Available Online information security is a major concern for both users and companies, since data transferred via the Internet is becoming increasingly sensitive. The World Wide Web uses Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP to transfer information and Secure Sockets Layer (SSL to secure the connection between clients and servers. However, Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS is vulnerable to attacks that threaten the privacy of information sent between clients and servers. In this paper, we propose Enc-DNS-HTTP for securing client requests, protecting server responses, and withstanding HTTPS attacks. Enc-DNS-HTTP is based on the distribution of a web server public key, which is transferred via a secure communication between client and a Domain Name System (DNS server. This key is used to encrypt client-server communication. The scheme is implemented in the C programming language and tested on a Linux platform. In comparison with Apache HTTPS, this scheme is shown to have more effective resistance to attacks and improved performance since it does not involve a high number of time-consuming operations.

Newly developed hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)-based video streaming technologies enable flexible rate-adaptation under varying channel conditions. Accurately predicting the users' quality of experience (QoE) for rate-adaptive HTTP video streams is thus critical to achieve efficiency. An important aspect of understanding and modeling QoE is predicting the up-to-the-moment subjective quality of a video as it is played, which is difficult due to hysteresis effects and nonlinearities in human behavioral responses. This paper presents a Hammerstein-Wiener model for predicting the time-varying subjective quality (TVSQ) of rate-adaptive videos. To collect data for model parameterization and validation, a database of longer duration videos with time-varying distortions was built and the TVSQs of the videos were measured in a large-scale subjective study. The proposed method is able to reliably predict the TVSQ of rate adaptive videos. Since the Hammerstein-Wiener model has a very simple structure, the proposed method is suitable for online TVSQ prediction in HTTP-based streaming.

The SuperB asymmetric energy e+e- collider and detector to be built at the newly founded Nicola Cabibbo Lab will provide a uniquely sensitive probe of New Physics in the flavor sector of the Standard Model. Studying minute effects in the heavy quark and heavy lepton sectors requires a data sample of 75 ab-1 and a luminosity target of 1036cm-2s-1. The increasing network performance also in the Wide Area Network environment and the capability to read data remotely with good efficiency are providing new possibilities and opening new scenarios in the data access field. Subjects like data access and data availability in a distributed environment are key points in the definition of the computing model for an HEP experiment like SuperB. R&D efforts in such a field have been brought on during the last year in order to release the Computing Technical Design Report within 2013. WAN direct access to data has been identified as one of the more interesting viable option; robust and reliable protocols as HTTP/WebDAV and xrootd are the subjects of a specific R&D line in a mid-term scenario. In this work we present the R&D results obtained in the study of new data access technologies for typical HEP use cases, focusing on specific protocols such as HTTP and WebDAV in Wide Area Network scenarios. Reports on efficiency, performance and reliability tests performed in a data analysis context have been described. Future R&D plan includes HTTP and xrootd protocols comparison tests, in terms of performance, efficiency, security and features available.

Full Text Available HTTP Get Flood attack is known as the most common DDOS attack on the application layer with a frequency of 21 percent in all attacks. Since a huge amount of requests is sent to the Web Server for receiving pages and also the volume of responses issued by the server is much more than the volume received by zombies in this kind of attack, hence it could be done by small botnets; in the other hand, because every zombie attempts to issue the request by the use of its real address, carries out all stages of the three-stage handshakes, and the context of the requests is fully consistent with the HTTP protocol, the techniques of fake address detection and anomaly detection in text could not be employed. The mechanisms that are used to deal with this attack not only have much processing overload but also may cause two kinds of “False Negative” (To realize wrongly the fake traffic as the real traffic and “False Positive” (To realize wrongly the real traffic as the fake traffic errors. Therefore a method is proposed that is able to adapt itself to the traffic by the use of low processing overload and it has less error than the similar systems and using this way.

Full Text Available In this paper, based on our previous multi-pattern uniform resource locator (URL binary-matching algorithm called HEM, we propose an improved multi-pattern matching algorithm called MH that is based on hash tables and binary tables. The MH algorithm can be applied to the fields of network security, data analysis, load balancing, cloud robotic communications, and so on-all of which require string matching from a fixed starting position. Our approach effectively solves the performance problems of the classical multi-pattern matching algorithms. This paper explores ways to improve string matching performance under the HTTP protocol by using a hash method combined with a binary method that transforms the symbol-space matching problem into a digital-space numerical-size comparison and hashing problem. The MH approach has a fast matching speed, requires little memory, performs better than both the classical algorithms and HEM for matching fields in an HTTP stream, and it has great promise for use in real-world applications.

Full Text Available This paper aims to analyze Internet-based streaming video service in the communication media with variable bit rates. The proposed scheme on Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH using the internet network that adapts to the protocol Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP. DASH technology allows a video in the video segmentation into several packages that will distreamingkan. DASH initial stage is to compress the video source to lower the bit rate video codec uses H.26. Video compressed further in the segmentation using MP4Box generates streaming packets with the specified duration. These packages are assembled into packets in a streaming media format Presentation Description (MPD or known as MPEG-DASH. Streaming video format MPEG-DASH run on a platform with the player bitdash teritegrasi bitcoin. With this scheme, the video will have several variants of the bit rates that gave rise to the concept of scalability of streaming video services on the client side. The main target of the mechanism is smooth the MPEG-DASH streaming video display on the client. The simulation results show that the scheme based scalable video streaming MPEG- DASH able to improve the quality of image display on the client side, where the procedure bufering videos can be made constant and fine for the duration of video views

In 2011, the Central Research Institute of Ambulatory Health Care in Germany (ZI) published the website http://www.versorgungsatlas.de, a portal that presents research results from regional health services in Germany. The Web portal provides a publicly accessible source of information and a growing number of selected analyses focusing on regional variation in health care. Each topic is presented in terms of interactive maps, tables, and diagrams and is supplemented by a paper that examines the results in detail and provides an explanation of the findings. The portal has been designed to provide a forum on which health service researchers can publish their results derived from various data sources of different institutions in Germany and can comment on results already available on http://www.versorgungsatlas.de. For health policy actors, the discussion of regional differences offers a new, previously unavailable basis for determining the region-specific treatment needs and for providing health-care management with the goal of high-quality care for each resident.

This paper describes some of the general weaknesses of the current popular Hypertext Transmission Protocol (HTTP) security standards and products in an effort to show that these standards are not appealing for many applications. The author will then show how one can treat HTTP browsers and servers as untrusted elements in the network so that one can rely on other mechanisms to achieve better overall security than can be attained through today`s security-enhanced HTTP tools.

Full Text Available Arthropods ISSN 2224-4255 URL: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/arthropods/online-version.asp RSS: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/arthropods/rss.xml E-mail: arthropods@iaees.org Editor-in-Chief: WenJun Zhang Aims and Scope ARTHROPODS (ISSN 2224-4255 is an international journal devoted to the publication of articles on various aspects of arthropods, e.g., ecology, biogeography, systematics, biodiversity (species diversity, genetic diversity, et al., conservation, control, etc. The journal provides a forum for examining the importance of arthropods in biosphere (both terrestrial and marine ecosystems and human life in such fields as agriculture, forestry, fishery, environmental management and human health. The scope of Arthropods is wide and embraces all arthropods-insects, arachnids, crustaceans, centipedes, millipedes, and other arthropods. Articles/short communications on new taxa (species, genus, families, orders, etc. and new records of arthropods are particularly welcome. Authors can submit their works to the email box of this journal, arthropods@iaees.org. All manuscripts submitted to this journal must be previously unpublished and may not be considered for publication elsewhere at any time during review period of this journal. Authors are asked to read Author Guidelines before submitting manuscripts. In addition to free submissions from authors around the world, special issues are also accepted. The organizer of a special issue can collect submissions (yielded from a research project, a research group, etc. on a specific research topic, or submissions of a scientific conference for publication of special issue.

Full Text Available Arthropods ISSN 2224-4255 URL: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/arthropods/online-version.asp RSS: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/arthropods/rss.xml E-mail: arthropods@iaees.org Editor-in-Chief: WenJun Zhang Aims and Scope ARTHROPODS (ISSN 2224-4255 is an international journal devoted to the publication of articles on various aspects of arthropods, e.g., ecology, biogeography, systematics, biodiversity (species diversity, genetic diversity, et al., conservation, control, etc. The journal provides a forum for examining the importance of arthropods in biosphere (both terrestrial and marine ecosystems and human life in such fields as agriculture, forestry, fishery, environmental management and human health. The scope of Arthropods is wide and embraces all arthropods-insects, arachnids, crustaceans, centipedes, millipedes, and other arthropods. Articles/short communications on new taxa (species, genus, families, orders, etc. and new records of arthropods are particularly welcome. Authors can submit their works to the email box of this journal, arthropods@iaees.org. All manuscripts submitted to this journal must be previously unpublished and may not be considered for publication elsewhere at any time during review period of this journal. Authors are asked to read Author Guidelines before submitting manuscripts. In addition to free submissions from authors around the world, special issues are also accepted. The organizer of a special issue can collect submissions (yielded from a research project, a research group, etc. on a specific research topic, or submissions of a scientific conference for publication of special issue.

Full Text Available Environmental Skeptics and Critics ISSN 2224-4263 URL: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/environsc/online-version.asp RSS: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/environsc/rss.xml E-mail: environsc@iaees.org Editor-in-Chief: WenJun Zhang Aims and Scope The more truth is debated, the clearer it becomes. Science will not proceed without debate and controversy. Wide and in-depth debate and controversy on human's knowledge, attitudes, policies and practices on the environment determines the future of our planet. There are numerous controversial and potentially controversial issues on environmental sciences and practices. ENVIRONMENTAL SKEPTICS and CRITICS (ISSN 2224-4263 is an international journal devoted to the publication of skeptical and critical articles/short communications/letters on theories, viewpoints, methodologies, practices, policies, etc., in ecological and environmental areas. The journal provides a forum for questioning, disputing, arguing, challenging, criticizing and judging known theories, methdologies, practices, and policies, etc., or presenting different ideas. The scope of Environmental Skeptics and Critics is wide and embraces all controversial, non-conclusive or unexplained issues in ecological and environmental areas. Authors can submit their works to the email box of this journal, environsc@iaees.org. All manuscripts submitted to this journal must be previously unpublished and may not be considered for publication elsewhere at any time during review period of this journal. Authors are asked to read Author Guidelines before submitting manuscripts. In addition to free submissions from authors around the world, special issues are also accepted. The organizer of a special issue can collect submissions (yielded from a research project, a research group, etc. on a specific research topic, or submissions of a scientific conference for publication of special issue.

Full Text Available Environmental Skeptics and Critics ISSN 2224-4263 URL: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/environsc/online-version.asp RSS: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/environsc/rss.xml E-mail: environsc@iaees.org Editor-in-Chief: WenJun Zhang Aims and Scope The more truth is debated, the clearer it becomes. Science will not proceed without debate and controversy. Wide and in-depth debate and controversy on human's knowledge, attitudes, policies and practices on the environment determines the future of our planet. There are numerous controversial and potentially controversial issues on environmental sciences and practices. ENVIRONMENTAL SKEPTICS and CRITICS (ISSN 2224-4263 is an international journal devoted to the publication of skeptical and critical articles/short communications/letters on theories, viewpoints, methodologies, practices, policies, etc., in ecological and environmental areas. The journal provides a forum for questioning, disputing, arguing, challenging, criticizing and judging known theories, methdologies, practices, and policies, etc., or presenting different ideas. The scope of Environmental Skeptics and Critics is wide and embraces all controversial, non-conclusive or unexplained issues in ecological and environmental areas. Authors can submit their works to the email box of this journal, environsc@iaees.org. All manuscripts submitted to this journal must be previously unpublished and may not be considered for publication elsewhere at any time during review period of this journal. Authors are asked to read Author Guidelines before submitting manuscripts. In addition to free submissions from authors around the world, special issues are also accepted. The organizer of a special issue can collect submissions (yielded from a research project, a research group, etc. on a specific research topic, or submissions of a scientific conference for publication of special issue.

The main goal of the project to demonstrate the ability of using HTTP data federations in a manner analogous to the existing AAA infrastructure of the CMS experiment. An initial testbed at Caltech has been built and changes in the CMS software (CMSSW) are being implemented in order to improve HTTP support. The testbed consists of a set of machines at the Caltech Tier2 that improve the support infrastructure for data federations at CMS. As a first step, we are building systems that produce and ingest network data transfers up to 80 Gbps. In collaboration with AAA, HTTP support is enabled at the US redirector and the Caltech testbed. A plugin for CMSSW is being developed for HTTP access based on the DaviX software. It will replace the present fork/exec or curl for HTTP access. In addition, extensions to the XRootD HTTP implementation are being developed to add functionality to it, such as client-based monitoring identifiers. In the future, patches will be developed to better integrate HTTP-over-XRootD with the Open Science Grid (OSG) distribution. First results of the transfer tests using HTTP are presented in this paper together with details about the initial setup.

Full Text Available Computational Ecology and Software ISSN 2220-721X URL: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/ces/online-version.asp RSS: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/ces/rss.xml E-mail: ces@iaees.org Editor-in-Chief: WenJun Zhang Aims and Scope COMPUTATIONAL ECOLOGY AND SOFTWARE (ISSN 2220-721X is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that considers scientific articles in all different areas of computational ecology. It is the transactions of the International Society of Computational Ecology. The journal is concerned with the ecological researches, constructions and applications of theories and methods of computational sciences including computational mathematics, computational statistics and computer science. It features the simulation, approximation, prediction, recognition, and classification of ecological issues. Intensive computation is one of the major stresses of the journal. The journal welcomes research articles, short communications, review articles, perspectives, and book reviews. The journal also supports the activities of the International Society of Computational Ecology. The topics to be covered by CES include, but are not limited to: •Computation intensive methods, numerical and optimization methods, differential and difference equation modeling and simulation, prediction, recognition, classification, statistical computation (Bayesian computing, randomization, bootstrapping, Monte Carlo techniques, stochastic process, etc., agent-based modeling, individual-based modeling, artificial neural networks, knowledge based systems, machine learning, genetic algorithms, data exploration, network analysis and computation, databases, ecological modeling and computation using Geographical Information Systems, satellite imagery, and other computation intensive theories and methods. •Artificial ecosystems, artificial life, complexity of ecosystems and virtual reality. •The development, evaluation and validation of software and

Full Text Available Computational Ecology and Software ISSN 2220-721X URL: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/ces/online-version.asp RSS: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/ces/rss.xml E-mail: ces@iaees.org Editor-in-Chief: WenJun Zhang Aims and Scope COMPUTATIONAL ECOLOGY AND SOFTWARE (ISSN 2220-721X is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that considers scientific articles in all different areas of computational ecology. It is the transactions of the International Society of Computational Ecology. The journal is concerned with the ecological researches, constructions and applications of theories and methods of computational sciences including computational mathematics, computational statistics and computer science. It features the simulation, approximation, prediction, recognition, and classification of ecological issues. Intensive computation is one of the major stresses of the journal. The journal welcomes research articles, short communications, review articles, perspectives, and book reviews. The journal also supports the activities of the International Society of Computational Ecology. The topics to be covered by CES include, but are not limited to: •Computation intensive methods, numerical and optimization methods, differential and difference equation modeling and simulation, prediction, recognition, classification, statistical computation (Bayesian computing, randomization, bootstrapping, Monte Carlo techniques, stochastic process, etc., agent-based modeling, individual-based modeling, artificial neural networks, knowledge based systems, machine learning, genetic algorithms, data exploration, network analysis and computation, databases, ecological modeling and computation using Geographical Information Systems, satellite imagery, and other computation intensive theories and methods. •Artificial ecosystems, artificial life, complexity of ecosystems and virtual reality. •The development, evaluation and validation of software and

Full Text Available Network Biology ISSN 2220-8879 URL: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/nb/online-version.asp RSS: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/nb/rss.xml E-mail: networkbiology@iaees.org Editor-in-Chief: WenJun Zhang Aims and Scope NETWORK BIOLOGY (ISSN 2220-8879; CODEN NBEICS is an open access, peer-reviewed international journal that considers scientific articles in all different areas of network biology. It is the transactions of the International Society of Network Biology. It dedicates to the latest advances in network biology. The goal of this journal is to keep a record of the state-of-the-art research and promote the research work in these fast moving areas. The topics to be covered by Network Biology include, but are not limited to: •Theories, algorithms and programs of network analysis •Innovations and applications of biological networks •Ecological networks, food webs and natural equilibrium •Co-evolution, co-extinction, biodiversity conservation •Metabolic networks, protein-protein interaction networks, biochemical reaction networks, gene networks, transcriptional regulatory networks, cell cycle networks, phylogenetic networks, network motifs •Physiological networks •Network regulation of metabolic processes, human diseases and ecological systems •Social networks, epidemiological networks •System complexity, self-organized systems, emergence of biological systems, agent-based modeling, individual-based modeling, neural network modeling, and other network-based modeling, etc. We are also interested in short communications that clearly address a specific issue or completely present a new ecological network, food web, or metabolic or gene network, etc. Authors can submit their works to the email box of this journal, networkbiology@iaees.org. All manuscripts submitted to this journal must be previously unpublished and may not be considered for publication elsewhere at any time during review period of this journal

Full Text Available Network Biology ISSN 2220-8879 URL: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/nb/online-version.asp RSS: http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/nb/rss.xml E-mail: networkbiology@iaees.org Editor-in-Chief: WenJun Zhang Aims and Scope NETWORK BIOLOGY (ISSN 2220-8879; CODEN NBEICS is an open access, peer-reviewed international journal that considers scientific articles in all different areas of network biology. It is the transactions of the International Society of Network Biology. It dedicates to the latest advances in network biology. The goal of this journal is to keep a record of the state-of-the-art research and promote the research work in these fast moving areas. The topics to be covered by Network Biology include, but are not limited to: •Theories, algorithms and programs of network analysis •Innovations and applications of biological networks •Ecological networks, food webs and natural equilibrium •Co-evolution, co-extinction, biodiversity conservation •Metabolic networks, protein-protein interaction networks, biochemical reaction networks, gene networks, transcriptional regulatory networks, cell cycle networks, phylogenetic networks, network motifs •Physiological networks •Network regulation of metabolic processes, human diseases and ecological systems •Social networks, epidemiological networks •System complexity, self-organized systems, emergence of biological systems, agent-based modeling, individual-based modeling, neural network modeling, and other network-based modeling, etc. We are also interested in short communications that clearly address a specific issue or completely present a new ecological network, food web, or metabolic or gene network, etc. Authors can submit their works to the email box of this journal, networkbiology@iaees.org. All manuscripts submitted to this journal must be previously unpublished and may not be considered for publication elsewhere at any time during review period of this journal

Ecological network models and analyses are recognized as valuable tools for understanding the dynamics and resiliency of ecosystems, and for informing ecosystem-based approaches to management. However, few databases exist that can provide the life history, demographic and species interaction information necessary to parameterize ecological network models. Faced with the difficulty of synthesizing the information required to construct models for kelp forest ecosystems along the West Coast of North America, we developed an online database (http://kelpforest.ucsc.edu/) to facilitate the collation and dissemination of such information. Many of the database's attributes are novel yet the structure is applicable and adaptable to other ecosystem modeling efforts. Information for each taxonomic unit includes stage-specific life history, demography, and body-size allometries. Species interactions include trophic, competitive, facilitative, and parasitic forms. Each data entry is temporally and spatially explicit. The online data entry interface allows researchers anywhere to contribute and access information. Quality control is facilitated by attributing each entry to unique contributor identities and source citations. The database has proven useful as an archive of species and ecosystem-specific information in the development of several ecological network models, for informing management actions, and for education purposes (e.g., undergraduate and graduate training). To facilitate adaptation of the database by other researches for other ecosystems, the code and technical details on how to customize this database and apply it to other ecosystems are freely available and located at the following link (https://github.com/kelpforest-cameo/databaseui).

Full Text Available Cloud Computing services are often delivered through HTTP protocol. This facilitates access to services and reduces costs for both providers and end-users. However, this increases the vulnerabilities of the Cloud services face to HTTP DDoS attacks. HTTP request methods are often used to address web servers’ vulnerabilities and create multiple scenarios of HTTP DDoS attack such as Low and Slow or Flooding attacks. Existing HTTP DDoS detection systems are challenged by the big amounts of network traffic generated by these attacks, low detection accuracy, and high false positive rates. In this paper we present a detection system of HTTP DDoS attacks in a Cloud environment based on Information Theoretic Entropy and Random Forest ensemble learning algorithm. A time-based sliding window algorithm is used to estimate the entropy of the network header features of the incoming network traffic. When the estimated entropy exceeds its normal range the preprocessing and the classification tasks are triggered. To assess the proposed approach various experiments were performed on the CIDDS-001 public dataset. The proposed approach achieves satisfactory results with an accuracy of 99.54%, a FPR of 0.4%, and a running time of 18.5s.

We present DECANTeR, a system to detect anomalous outbound HTTP communication, which passively extracts fingerprints for each application running on a monitored host. The goal of our system is to detect unknown malware and backdoor communication indicated by unknown fingerprints extracted from a

[ANGLÈS] The aim of this project is, on the one hand, the analysis of Apple's HTTP Live Streaming protocol, which is an adaptative video and audio streaming protocol able to change the streams' bit rate according to the capacity of the media through which it is being transmitted. On the other hand, the project shows a client development of this protocol for the iPhone mobile device describing this platform from scratch. I trace here the necessary steps for developing applications on iOS and I...

Full Text Available The growth of web technology has brought convenience to our life, since it has become the most important communication channel. However, now this merit is threatened by complicated network-based attacks, such as denial of service (DoS and distributed denial of service (DDoS attacks. Despite many researchers’ efforts, no optimal solution that addresses all sorts of HTTP DoS/DDoS attacks is on offer. Therefore, this research aims to fix this gap by designing an alternative solution called a flexible, collaborative, multilayer, DDoS prevention framework (FCMDPF. The innovative design of the FCMDPF framework handles all aspects of HTTP-based DoS/DDoS attacks through the following three subsequent framework’s schemes (layers. Firstly, an outer blocking (OB scheme blocks attacking IP source if it is listed on the black list table. Secondly, the service traceback oriented architecture (STBOA scheme is to validate whether the incoming request is launched by a human or by an automated tool. Then, it traces back the true attacking IP source. Thirdly, the flexible advanced entropy based (FAEB scheme is to eliminate high rate DDoS (HR-DDoS and flash crowd (FC attacks. Compared to the previous researches, our framework’s design provides an efficient protection for web applications against all sorts of DoS/DDoS attacks.

Full Text Available The recent advances of ensemble mobile environment of smart devices with embedded sensors have enabled the MANET to play a key role in the smart cities as well as WSN and WMN. However, these smart devices are still limited in terms of energy, processor, and memory. Moreover, the efficient routing for reliable network connectivity at anytime, anywhere, and about everything is still a challenge in multihop wireless networks. This paper evaluates the QoS and energy efficiency of three active routing protocols: (i OLSRv2, a successor to OLSR, (ii DYMO, a successor to both DSR and AODV, and (iii MP-OLSR multipath extension to OLSRv2. In contrast to the related previous works which focused only on CBR traffic without considering the influence of specific traffic types on the performance of routing protocols, this work focused on this area from a different perspective. It evaluates the performance of three internet-based traffic types that can be used in the smart city applications: VoIP, HTTP, and FTP using different simulation models. The impact of the network density, load traffic, and nodes mobility on the considered protocols was evaluated by considering particular performance metrics for each traffic application. Based on the results, the study concludes by presenting useful recommendations for future work.

ISSN 2155-9708, http://www.apaonline.org/APAOnline/Publication_Info/Newsletters/APAOnline/Publicatio; International audience; In this paper we show that URIs, sometimes dubbed "philosophical proper names, in fact do not always refer as proper names does. We provide an account explaining why, centered around the notion of "resource", central to webarch, and that we qualify ontologically.

This paper presents new methods enabling anonymous communication on the Internet. We describe a new protocol that allows us to create an anonymous overlay network by exploiting the web browsing activities of regular users. We show that the overlay network provides an anonymity set greater than the set of senders and receivers in a realistic threat model. In particular, the protocol provides unobservability in our threat model.

This paper describes the "Database on Wind Characteristics", a world wide web hosted database of wind time series suitable for wind turbine designers. The paper marks the conclusion of the initialising Joule project and presents the database as a functioning and useful tool for the wind turbine c...

This paper describes the `Database on Wind Characteristics`, a world wide web hosted database of wind time series suitable for wind turbine designers. The paper marks the conclusion of the initialising Joule project and presents the database as a functioning and useful tool for the wind turbine community. An overview of the current contents of the database is given. The browser based search system is described and examples of potentially damaging wind time series found using the search system are presented. The paper concludes by placing the database in context, briefly mentioning associated projects and describing how the database will continue to function as an IEA annex. (au)

Full Text Available on the server [12]. When code is injected into an application it is generally done so in a string format with the attempt to get the application to read the string as executable code. The most popular code injection attack is SQL injection (SQLi). This attack... lure an attacker away from valuable network resources, warn network administrators of possible exploitation or provide valuable data for an in-depth examination of attack methods [2]. This philosophy of luring attackers to a web server designed...

Full Text Available Semantic Web Services (SWS are Web Service (WS descriptions augmented with semantic information. SWS enable intelligent reasoning and automation in areas such as service discovery, composition, mediation, ranking and invocation. This paper applies SWS to a previous protocol adapter which, operating within clearly defined constraints, maps SOAP Web Services to RESTful HTTP format. However, in the previous adapter, the configuration element is manual and the latency implications are locally based. This paper applies SWS technologies to automate the configuration element and the latency tests are conducted in a more realistic Internet based setting.

Full Text Available setsApp (http://apps.cytoscape.org/apps/setsapp is a relatively simple Cytoscape 3 app for users to handle groups of nodes and/or edges. It supports several important biological workflows and enables various set operations. setsApp provides basic tools to create sets of nodes or edges, import or export sets, and perform standard set operations (union, difference, intersection on those sets. The sets functionality is also exposed to users and app developers in the form of a set of commands that can be used for scripting purposes or integrated in other Cytoscape apps.

Full Text Available setsApp (http://apps.cytoscape.org/apps/setsapp is a relatively simple Cytoscape 3 app for users to handle groups of nodes and/or edges. It supports several important biological workflows and enables various set operations. setsApp provides basic tools to create sets of nodes or edges, import or export sets, and perform standard set operations (union, difference, intersection on those sets. Automatic set partitioning and layout functions are also provided. The sets functionality is also exposed to users and app developers in the form of a set of commands that can be used for scripting purposes or integrated in other Cytoscape apps.

Full Text Available Alternative splicing is widely recognized for its roles in regulating genes and creating gene diversity. However, despite many efforts, the repertoire of gene splicing variation is still incompletely characterized, even in humans. Here we describe a new computational system, ASprofile, and its application to RNA-seq data from Illumina’s Human Body Map project (>2.5 billion reads. Using the system, we identified putative alternative splicing events in 16 different human tissues, which provide a dynamic picture of splicing variation across the tissues. We detected 26,989 potential exon skipping events representing differences in splicing patterns among the tissues. A large proportion of the events (>60% were novel, involving new exons (~3000, new introns (~16000, or both. When tracing these events across the sixteen tissues, only a small number (4-7% appeared to be differentially expressed (‘switched’ between two tissues, while 30-45% showed little variation, and the remaining 50-65% were not present in one or both tissues compared. Novel exon skipping events appeared to be slightly less variable than known events, but were more tissue-specific. Our study represents the first effort to build a comprehensive catalog of alternative splicing in normal human tissues from RNA-seq data, while providing insights into the role of alternative splicing in shaping tissue transcriptome differences. The catalog of events and the ASprofile software are freely available from the Zenodo repository (http://zenodo.org/record/7068; doi:10.5281/zenodo.7068 and from our web site http://ccb.jhu.edu/software/ASprofile.

Full Text Available Alternative splicing is widely recognized for its roles in regulating genes and creating gene diversity. However, despite many efforts, the repertoire of gene splicing variation is still incompletely characterized, even in humans. Here we describe a new computational system, ASprofile, and its application to RNA-seq data from Illumina’s Human Body Map project (>2.5 billion reads. Using the system, we identified putative alternative splicing events in 16 different human tissues, which provide a dynamic picture of splicing variation across the tissues. We detected 26,989 potential exon skipping events representing differences in splicing patterns among the tissues. A large proportion of the events (>60% were novel, involving new exons (~3000, new introns (~16000, or both. When tracing these events across the sixteen tissues, only a small number (4-7% appeared to be differentially expressed (‘switched’ between two tissues, while 30-45% showed little variation, and the remaining 50-65% were not present in one or both tissues compared. Novel exon skipping events appeared to be slightly less variable than known events, but were more tissue-specific. Our study represents the first effort to build a comprehensive catalog of alternative splicing in normal human tissues from RNA-seq data, while providing insights into the role of alternative splicing in shaping tissue transcriptome differences. The catalog of events and the ASprofile software are freely available from the Zenodo repository (http://zenodo.org/record/7068; doi:10.5281/zenodo.7068 and from our web site http://ccb.jhu.edu/software/ASprofile.

The power of Ethernet for control and automation technology is being largely understood by the automation industry in recent times. Ethernet with HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is one of the most widely accepted communication standards today. Ethernet is best known for being able to control through internet from anywhere in the globe. The Ethernet interface with built-in on-chip embedded servers ensures global connections for crate-less model of control and data acquisition systems which have several advantages over traditional crate-based control architectures for slow applications. This architecture will completely eliminate the use of any extra PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or similar control hardware in any automation network as the control functions are firmware coded inside intelligent meters itself. Here, we describe the indigenously built project of a cryogenic control system built for linear accelerator at Inter University Accelerator Centre, known as "CADS," which stands for "Complete Automation of Distribution System." CADS deals with complete hardware, firmware, and software implementation of the automated linac cryogenic distribution system using many Ethernet based embedded cryogenic instruments developed in-house. Each instrument works as an intelligent meter called device-server which has the control functions and control loops built inside the firmware itself. Dedicated meters with built-in servers were designed out of ARM (Acorn RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) Machine) and ATMEL processors and COTS (Commercially Off-the-Shelf) SMD (Surface Mount Devices) components, with analog sensor front-end and a digital back-end web server implementing remote procedure call over HTTP for digital control and readout functions. At present, 24 instruments which run 58 embedded servers inside, each specific to a particular type of sensor-actuator combination for closed loop operations, are now deployed and distributed across control LAN (Local

The power of Ethernet for control and automation technology is being largely understood by the automation industry in recent times. Ethernet with HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is one of the most widely accepted communication standards today. Ethernet is best known for being able to control through internet from anywhere in the globe. The Ethernet interface with built-in on-chip embedded servers ensures global connections for crate-less model of control and data acquisition systems which have several advantages over traditional crate-based control architectures for slow applications. This architecture will completely eliminate the use of any extra PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or similar control hardware in any automation network as the control functions are firmware coded inside intelligent meters itself. Here, we describe the indigenously built project of a cryogenic control system built for linear accelerator at Inter University Accelerator Centre, known as “CADS,” which stands for “Complete Automation of Distribution System.” CADS deals with complete hardware, firmware, and software implementation of the automated linac cryogenic distribution system using many Ethernet based embedded cryogenic instruments developed in-house. Each instrument works as an intelligent meter called device-server which has the control functions and control loops built inside the firmware itself. Dedicated meters with built-in servers were designed out of ARM (Acorn RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) Machine) and ATMEL processors and COTS (Commercially Off-the-Shelf) SMD (Surface Mount Devices) components, with analog sensor front-end and a digital back-end web server implementing remote procedure call over HTTP for digital control and readout functions. At present, 24 instruments which run 58 embedded servers inside, each specific to a particular type of sensor-actuator combination for closed loop operations, are now deployed and distributed across control LAN

The power of Ethernet for control and automation technology is being largely understood by the automation industry in recent times. Ethernet with HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is one of the most widely accepted communication standards today. Ethernet is best known for being able to control through internet from anywhere in the globe. The Ethernet interface with built-in on-chip embedded servers ensures global connections for crate-less model of control and data acquisition systems which have several advantages over traditional crate-based control architectures for slow applications. This architecture will completely eliminate the use of any extra PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or similar control hardware in any automation network as the control functions are firmware coded inside intelligent meters itself. Here, we describe the indigenously built project of a cryogenic control system built for linear accelerator at Inter University Accelerator Centre, known as “CADS,” which stands for “Complete Automation of Distribution System.” CADS deals with complete hardware, firmware, and software implementation of the automated linac cryogenic distribution system using many Ethernet based embedded cryogenic instruments developed in-house. Each instrument works as an intelligent meter called device-server which has the control functions and control loops built inside the firmware itself. Dedicated meters with built-in servers were designed out of ARM (Acorn RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) Machine) and ATMEL processors and COTS (Commercially Off-the-Shelf) SMD (Surface Mount Devices) components, with analog sensor front-end and a digital back-end web server implementing remote procedure call over HTTP for digital control and readout functions. At present, 24 instruments which run 58 embedded servers inside, each specific to a particular type of sensor-actuator combination for closed loop operations, are now deployed and distributed across control LAN

The power of Ethernet for control and automation technology is being largely understood by the automation industry in recent times. Ethernet with HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is one of the most widely accepted communication standards today. Ethernet is best known for being able to control through internet from anywhere in the globe. The Ethernet interface with built-in on-chip embedded servers ensures global connections for crate-less model of control and data acquisition systems which have several advantages over traditional crate-based control architectures for slow applications. This architecture will completely eliminate the use of any extra PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or similar control hardware in any automation network as the control functions are firmware coded inside intelligent meters itself. Here, we describe the indigenously built project of a cryogenic control system built for linear accelerator at Inter University Accelerator Centre, known as "CADS," which stands for "Complete Automation of Distribution System." CADS deals with complete hardware, firmware, and software implementation of the automated linac cryogenic distribution system using many Ethernet based embedded cryogenic instruments developed in-house. Each instrument works as an intelligent meter called device-server which has the control functions and control loops built inside the firmware itself. Dedicated meters with built-in servers were designed out of ARM (Acorn RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) Machine) and ATMEL processors and COTS (Commercially Off-the-Shelf) SMD (Surface Mount Devices) components, with analog sensor front-end and a digital back-end web server implementing remote procedure call over HTTP for digital control and readout functions. At present, 24 instruments which run 58 embedded servers inside, each specific to a particular type of sensor-actuator combination for closed loop operations, are now deployed and distributed across control LAN (Local

Full Text Available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2012v14n4p460The vertical jump involves different levels of skill complexity and offers the individual a wide range of motor experiences. This study aimed to determine which movements in the developmental sequence performed by schoolchildren are associated with age and vertical jump performance. The sample consisted of 137 elementary school children of both sexes, aged 7-10y, with height of 1.19-1.63 m, and weight of 20-60 kg. All children were selected from first- to fourth-grade classrooms of a public school of the city of Maringá, state of Pa- raná, Brazil. A Gallahue & Ozmun matrix and a jumping platform were used as research instruments. During the experiment, each child performed three jumps. Simultaneous and coordinated upward arm lift was observed in 7-year-old children. In 9-year-old children, inconsistent preparatory crouch and lack of coordination between limb movements and trunk were observed. A prevalence of upper limb motor acts was observed when considering the significant associations found between elements of the developmental sequence and vertical jump performance. In children aged 7-10y, age group and jumping performance are associated with elements of the developmental sequence of the human body as a whole, especially with regard to the upper limbs.

Full Text Available Much of the biologically significant functionality in Cytoscape is contained within third-party add-ons, called plugins in Cytoscape 2 and apps in Cytoscape 3. In the transition from Cytoscape 2 to Cystoscape 3, some of the underlying assumptions upon which plugins relied changed, requiring a significant porting effort for plugins to work as Cytoscape 3 apps. PanGIA is a Cytoscape add-on (http://apps.cytoscape.org/apps/pangia designed to analyze and visualize genetic interaction data in light of physical interaction data. In order to convert the PanGIA plugin to an app, various challenges, including those related to a transformed data model, concurrency, and randomization had to be overcome. In the process, the ability to control randomization was added to the GUI, a feature which was not only integral to the porting process, but which also ensures more easily reproducible scientific analysis for PanGIA users. Most authors of Cytoscape 2 plugins will face similar challenges porting their software to work with Cytoscape 3, and this paper gives details of how the PanGIA port addressed them.

Full Text Available Pooled short hairpin RNA sequencing (shRNA-seq screens are becoming increasingly popular in functional genomics research, and there is a need to establish optimal analysis tools to handle such data. Our open-source shRNA processing pipeline in edgeR provides a complete analysis solution for shRNA-seq screen data, that begins with the raw sequence reads and ends with a ranked lists of candidate shRNAs for downstream biological validation. We first summarize the raw data contained in a fastq file into a matrix of counts (samples in the columns, hairpins in the rows with options for allowing mismatches and small shifts in hairpin position. Diagnostic plots, normalization and differential representation analysis can then be performed using established methods to prioritize results in a statistically rigorous way, with the choice of either the classic exact testing methodology or a generalized linear modelling that can handle complex experimental designs. A detailed users’ guide that demonstrates how to analyze screen data in edgeR along with a point-and-click implementation of this workflow in Galaxy are also provided. The edgeR package is freely available from http://www.bioconductor.org.

Full Text Available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2012v14n4p483This paper aimed to review the results of studies on neuromuscular adaptations to strength training (ST and concurrent training (CT in elderly men. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO. The search was limited to studies published from 1980 to 2012. A total of 3,390 articles were retrieved. After reading their titles, 127 studies were further evaluated by reading their abstracts. This resulted in 92 papers that were read in full; 25 of these were selected and their results were described in the present review. Several studies showed that, in elderly subjects, ST can produce increases in muscle strength, power, activation and mass. ST-induced strength gain may be explained by neural and morphological adaptations. The main neural adaptations to ST included increased recruitment of motor units and increased motor unit firing rate. Morphological adaptations included increases in the physiological cross-sectional area (CSA of the muscle, in muscle thickness, in muscle fiber pennation angle, and changes in muscle myosin heavy-chain isoforms, resulting in the conversion of muscle fiber from subtype IIx to IIa. The inclusion of moderate-to-high inten- sity (60-85% of maximum strength ST in the routine of this population is recommended to improve neuromuscular function. CT can promote significant neuromuscular adaptations, but these gains may be of a lower magnitude than those obtained with ST. Although CT has an interference effect on neuromuscular adaptations, it also promotes improvement in cardiovascular function and is therefore the most frequently recommended intervention for health promotion in the elderly.

Full Text Available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2012v14n4p390Physical activity (PA in children has a decisive role in motor development and prevention of childhood obesity. The available evidence suggests that there is high preva­lence of low levels of PA in children, but little is known about the level of PA in preschool children. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and the factors associated with low levels of PA in preschool children. This was a cross-sectional study performed in private schools in the municipality of Olinda (state of Pernambuco, with data collection through parent’s face-to-face interviews. The study included 265 children (54.3% girls with mean age of 4.9 years (SD=0.8. Children who did not perform at least 60 minutes/day of outdoors physical activities were considered exposed to low levels of PA. Data analysis was performed by logistic regression considering low level of PA as the outcome. The results showed that 65.3% (95%CI: 9.4-70.8 of children were classified as exposed to ‘low level of PA’. Analysis showed that higher parental education (OR=2.41; 95%CI: 1.13-5.10, lack of space for playing at home (OR=2.36; 95%CI: 1.17- 4.78, and attending school in the afternoon (OR=2.92, 95%CI 1.55-5.49 or full-time (OR=57.1, 95%CI 6.57-496.2 were associated with low levels of PA. Preschoolers from families with higher number of children had lower likelihood of low level of PA (OR=0.49; 95%CI 0.26-0.93. It can be concluded that the proportion of children exposed to low levels of PA is high compared to the results of similar studies and that parental and environmental factors are associated with physical activity level in preschool-aged children.

Since electronic commerce is rapidly expanding while an increasing number of corporations are in operation on digital networks, importance is also growing of systems for user identification and authentication. The aim is to develop a user authentication system, low in price and easy to introduce, which is needed by the Internet on which there is a growing world-wide market and by Intranets. A cooperative/distributed user authentication system has been developed, under which a user who has registered his passport with a server can access plural servers using one and the same password while enjoying high security. It is an HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol)-conforming application program under which user information distributed among plural servers works cooperatively to present a convenient, safe, fault-free user authentication system. A survey is conducted for its commercialization, and the magnitude of the market that requires this technology, the importance of this technology, etc., are clarified. (NEDO)

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Full Text Available Objective: At present, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSC have been widely used in basic research and clinical trials in treatment of many diseases, but how to obtain a large number and high quality of stable and reliable mesenchymal stem cells for clinical application is still a scientific research needs to be resolved. Since each laboratory used different culture methods, the productivity of the different cultures may vary. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to optimize a stable and reliable hucMSC culture procedure. Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord were isolated and cultured in different culture medium. By comparing the morphology, passage, proliferation and using flow cytometry to detect the immunophenotypes of the cells, optimized cultural method was selected. Results: By comparison of the time of cells migrating out from the tissue, cell growth status, cell number and expression of CD90 andCD73 of the hucMSCs, we found that X-VIVO15+10% fetal bovine serum group, X-VIVO15+2% fetal bovine serum and 2% UltroserG group, and MSC basal medium+UltraGRO-Advanced group had an earlier migration time from the umbilical cord and shorter confluence time to cover 80%-90% of the cuturing flask. The Huc-MSCs cultured with MSC basal medium+2% UltraGRO-Advanced group revealed the fastest proliferation. The expression of CD90 and CD73 in Huc-MSCs cultured with MSC basal medium+2% UltraGRO-Advanced group were above 90%, while the expression of CD90 and CD73 in other groups were below 90%. The expression of CD34 and CD45 surface antigens were low in huc-MSCs from all the groups. Conclusion: In summary, MSC basal medium-UltraGRO-Advanced group was the optimal culture medium for human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.

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presupposed by the two more basic means of language behaviour, which --- to repeat-- ... concerned below, considering them first from the point of view of their ..... example, he goes straight on talking to Alice in his usual tone of voice. ...... learning mechanisms, multi-purpose learning strategies or general problem solving.

traits from 1650, one of which was held until recently to be the official likeness ... Lievens", said the reply, "had been a native woman of India, a particularity .... thing but scum locally either.... Ought we .... Almighty Company ..., in Amsterdam different standards pre- vailed. ... try and in India. Cornelia ... of his career the couple ...

imply not only a shift in language identity but also in the value system of a particular group. However, here it is ... immigrants, continue to use their EMT in a foreign environment. Although there are no specific sets of ... new land (such as the Norwegians in the United States) with other groups who might not always share their ...

tic theories have for elucidating the meaning of literary texts. His inquiry has, however, evoked ... motivation for language is 'likely to be reflected somewhere in the ... limitations of understanding, whether cultural or biological, of. Lok and his ...

communicating in the work place) and they were categorised into ethnic groups on the basis .... also from the ensuing restrictions placed on languages which depict ..... and the special purpose languages of business and industry. w i t h t h e .... I would have our young men and women w i t h l i t e r a r y t a s t e s to learn as ...

and the provider of a generalized theory is to be the source ... At Pretoria University, the study of English is still lodged .... imagination, contributed further to the centralization of ... As conquest shifted towards settlement, the introduction of.

the time when Herod was king. Soon afterwards, some men who studied the stars came from the east to Jerusalem 2 and asked,. "Where is the baby born to be the king of the Jews? We saw his star when it came up in the east, and we have come to worship him." 3 When King Herod heard about this, he was very upset, and.

The occasion, we feel, calls for something special. So, we have decided to take the opportunity to affirm our determi- nation that the future will continue to see SPIL and linguis- tics thriving at Stellenbosch, even though the outlook for our country at present seems bleak. To give graphic expres- sion to our commitment, we ...

the vision of the blinkered bureaucratic researchers in. Pretoria whose dominance and control of research funding in this crucial area of social research has gone on too long. Such an approach could perhaps also invite international participation. In South Africa, as is true throughout Africa , the former colonial languages ...

most sciences, no demonstration is possible without a conventional simplification of the data.'"''' ...... Dummett and others have to construct 'artificial concepts divorced from ordinary usage' to account for .... Pateman (1987:77-79) believes there to be five 'advantages' to approaching languages as intentional objects of ...

The TV-documentary "Musik for folket!" (in Danish) was filmed during the November 11 lunchtime concert and through a series of interviews with Carsten Sjødahl, Jane Bonne, Leif Jensen, Søren R. Frimodt-Møller, Janus Høgfeldt Araghipour and Cynthia M. Grund, it recounts the story behind the luncht...... the lunchtime concert series at SDU. The program aired November 22-29, 2010 on ALTV and is permanently available from November 22, 2010 onwards at http://www.aabenraa-lokal-tv.dk/wp/2010/11/22/22-november-%E2%80%93-29-november-musik-for-folket/...

Full Text Available Summary: FeatureViewer is a BioJS component that lays out, maps, orients, and renders position-based annotations for protein sequences. This component is highly flexible and customizable, allowing the presentation of annotations by rows, all centered, or distributed in non-overlapping tracks. It uses either lines or shapes for sites and rectangles for regions. The result is a powerful visualization tool that can be easily integrated into web applications as well as documents as it provides an export-to-image functionality. Availability: https://github.com/biojs/biojs/blob/master/src/main/javascript/Biojs.FeatureViewer.js; http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7719

Gene and genome duplication is a key driving force in evolution of plant diversity. This has resulted in a number of large multi-gene families. Two of the largest multi-gene families in plants are the cytochromes P450 (P450s) and family 1 glycosyltransferases (UGTs). These two families are key players in evolution, especially of plant secondary metabolism, and in adaption to abiotic and biotic stress. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana there are 246 and 112 cytochromes P450 and UGTs, respectively. The Arabidopsis P450, cytochromes b(5), NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductases, and family 1 glycosyltransferases website (http://www.P450.kvl.dk) is a sequence repository of manually curated sequences, multiple sequence alignments, phylogenetic trees, sequence motif logos, 3D structures, intron-exon maps, and customized BLAST datasets.

Full Text Available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2012v14n4p428Exhaustive running at maximal oxygen uptake velocity (vVO2max can alter running kinematic parameters and increase energy cost along the time. The aims of the present study were to compare characteristics of ankle and knee kinematics during running at vVO2max and to verify the relationship between changes in kinematic variables and time limit (Tlim. Eleven male volunteers, recreational players of team sports, performed an incremental running test until volitional exhaustion to determine vVO2max and a constant velocity test at vVO2max. Subjects were filmed continuously from the left sagittal plane at 210 Hz for further kinematic analysis. The maximal plantar flexion during swing (p<0.01 was the only variable that increased significantly from beginning to end of the run. Increase in ankle angle at contact was the only variable related to Tlim (r=0.64; p=0.035 and explained 34% of the performance in the test. These findings suggest that the individuals under study maintained a stable running style at vVO2max and that increase in plantar flexion explained the performance in this test when it was applied in non-runners.

Full Text Available ANGDelMut is a web-based tool for predicting the functional consequences of missense mutations in the angiogenin (ANG protein, which is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS. Missense mutations in ANG result in loss of either ribonucleolytic activity or nuclear translocation activity or both of these functions, and in turn cause ALS. However, no web-based tools are available to predict whether a newly identified ANG mutation will possibly lead to ALS. More importantly, no web-implemented method is currently available to predict the mechanisms of loss-of-function(s of ANG mutants. In light of this observation, we developed the ANGDelMut web-based tool, which predicts whether an ANG mutation is deleterious or benign. The user selects certain attributes from the input panel, which serves as a query to infer whether a mutant will exhibit loss of ribonucleolytic activity or nuclear translocation activity or whether the overall stability will be affected. The output states whether the mutation is deleterious or benign, and if it is deleterious, gives the possible mechanism(s of loss-of-function. This web-based tool, freely available at http://bioschool.iitd.ernet.in/DelMut/, is the first of its kind to provide a platform for researchers and clinicians, to infer the functional consequences of ANG mutations and correlate their possible association with ALS ahead of experimental findings.

Full Text Available ANGDelMut is a web-based tool for predicting the functional consequences of missense mutations in the angiogenin (ANG protein, which is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS. Missense mutations in ANG result in loss of either ribonucleolytic activity or nuclear translocation activity or both of these functions, and in turn cause ALS. However, no web-based tools are available to predict whether a newly identified ANG mutation will possibly lead to ALS. More importantly, no web-implemented method is currently available to predict the mechanisms of loss-of-function(s of ANG mutants. In light of this observation, we developed the ANGDelMut web-based tool, which predicts whether an ANG mutation is deleterious or benign. The user selects certain attributes from the input panel, which serves as a query to infer whether a mutant will exhibit loss of ribonucleolytic activity or nuclear translocation activity or whether the overall stability will be affected. The output states whether the mutation is deleterious or benign, and if it is deleterious, gives the possible mechanism(s of loss-of-function. This web-based tool, freely available at http://bioschool.iitd.ernet.in/DelMut/, is the first of its kind to provide a platform for researchers and clinicians, to infer the functional consequences of ANG mutations and correlate their possible association with ALS ahead of experimental findings.

Full Text Available Ebola, considered till recently as a rare and endemic disease, has dramatically transformed into a potentially global humanitarian crisis. The genome of Ebola, a member of the Filoviridae family, encodes seven proteins. Based on the recently implemented software (PAGAL for analyzing the hydrophobicity and amphipathicity properties of alpha helices (AH in proteins, we characterize the helices in the Ebola proteome. We demonstrate that AHs with characteristically unique features are involved in critical interactions with the host proteins. For example, the Ebola virus membrane fusion subunit, GP2, from the envelope glycoprotein ectodomain has an AH with a large hydrophobic moment. The neutralizing antibody (KZ52 derived from a human survivor of the 1995 Kikwit outbreak recognizes a protein epitope on this AH, emphasizing the critical nature of this secondary structure in the virulence of the Ebola virus. Our method ensures a comprehensive list of such `hotspots'. These helices probably are or can be the target of molecules designed to inhibit AH mediated protein-protein interactions. Further, by comparing the AHs in proteins of the related Marburg viruses, we are able to elicit subtle changes in the proteins that might render them ineffective to previously successful drugs. Such differences are difficult to identify by a simple sequence or structural alignment. Thus, analyzing AHs in the small Ebola proteome can aid rational design aimed at countering the `largest Ebola epidemic, affecting multiple countries in West Africa' (http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/index.html.

Full Text Available IsoCleft Finder is a web-based tool for the detection of local geometric and chemical similarities between potential small-molecule binding cavities and a non-redundant dataset of ligand-bound known small-molecule binding-sites. The non-redundant dataset developed as part of this study is composed of 7339 entries representing unique Pfam/PDB-ligand (hetero group code combinations with known levels of cognate ligand similarity. The query cavity can be uploaded by the user or detected automatically by the system using existing PDB entries as well as user-provided structures in PDB format. In all cases, the user can refine the definition of the cavity interactively via a browser-based Jmol 3D molecular visualization interface. Furthermore, users can restrict the search to a subset of the dataset using a cognate-similarity threshold. Local structural similarities are detected using the IsoCleft software and ranked according to two criteria (number of atoms in common and Tanimoto score of local structural similarity and the associated Z-score and p-value measures of statistical significance. The results, including predicted ligands, target proteins, similarity scores, number of atoms in common, etc., are shown in a powerful interactive graphical interface. This interface permits the visualization of target ligands superimposed on the query cavity and additionally provides a table of pairwise ligand topological similarities. Similarities between top scoring ligands serve as an additional tool to judge the quality of the results obtained. We present several examples where IsoCleft Finder provides useful functional information. IsoCleft Finder results are complementary to existing approaches for the prediction of protein function from structure, rational drug design and x-ray crystallography. IsoCleft Finder can be found at: http://bcb.med.usherbrooke.ca/isocleftfinder.

? Have the policy tools (services, transfers, funding or models of provision changed? To what extent have these policies been successful in coping with social and economic problems? To what extent a social demand in favour of these changes exist? What are the main political and social actors intervening as stakeholders in these policies? Finally, what are the major similarities and differences existing between the two countries? To what extent are there policy proposals that might easily travel between them? Could they foster mutually enriching exchanges of information? - See more at: http://www.gigapp.org/index.php/component/jresearch/?view=publication&task=show&id=1807#sthash.GBgfdaqa.dpuf

government operated public extension tends to give much attention to ... value addition and ultimate remunerative price for farmers' produce would have to be in ... One of the innovative approaches being applied to boost cassava and rice ... agro-based companies using out-growers in Nigeria. ..... for business and profit.

Full Text Available Objetive: To analyze the latex content of drugs in hospital formulary and establish possible therapeutic alternatives. Methods: All drugs susceptible of having latex were selected and written information was obtained from manufacturers. A therapeutic alternative was found for each of them, if possible. Results: Written information from manufacturer was obtained for 605 (97.9% and from label information for 8 of 632 selected drugs. For 43.9% of not safe drugs (total 57 on patients with latex allergy, a therapeutic alternative was found in hospital formulary. Conclusions: Knowing drugs having latex improve the prescription security, while the therapeutic alternatives chart eases the validation. The published data updates the scarce and variable information for patients and healthcare professionals.

Jul 31, 2016 ... This study was done to find out if aqueous extract of alligator pepper can prevent the development of fetal ... in preventing the development of fetal macrosomia in .... Adipose Tissue in human subjects (Sugita et al.,. 2013).

general livelihoods conditions of any population. Agriculture, being ... Africa, like the rest of the world, is experiencing increasing risk from climate change including ..... 93% of the farmers claimed that they understand the concept of climate change. Most (94.3%) ... Also, reduction in appetite, growth rate as well as increased ...

Full Text Available p>Purpose: To present the requirements, development, structure and results of an electronic interconsultation platform (e-Interconsultation for communication between primary and hospital care. Method: A working group was created and set out its purposes, working schedule, software requirements, the structure of the electronic platform, validation procedure, and its implementation. Once the software had been developed and validated and training sessions were conducted, the electronicplatform was launched in June 2015. Results: After 1 year of operation, a total of 321 electronic interconsultations had been made, 110 of which were referrals from hospital care to primary care in addition to 211 from primary to hospital care. The validation of prescriptions and the need for drug monitoring in primary care are among main reasons for consultation. Conclusions: The e-Interconsultation platform is a valid, efficient and user-friendly mean of consultation or patient referrals between both healthcare levels.

Oct 31, 2014 ... International Journal of Community Research ... Analysis was by narrative synthesis and meta-analysis. Results showed that five ..... and Therapy) was carried out electronically on the journals' websites. Study Selection and Eligibility: Potentially relevant titles, citations and abstracts were screened following.

Full Text Available Background. An increase of cardiovascular disease (CVD risk in the younger population has been reported in Spain. Adolescents have changed their dietary habits and increased the risk of metabolic syndrome (MS. The Longitudinal study in the area of Toledo aims to evaluate food intake and nutritional habits and their relationship with early development of CVD and insulin resistance/sensitivity biomarkers. Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed on 53 adolescents aged 16-17 years belonging to the Area of Toledo. Energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes and diet quality were assessed, as well as the prevalence to being overweight, the presence of CVD risk factors and parameters related to glucose homeostasis to identify candidates for MS. Results. Adolescents consumed monotonous diets, with low Mediterranean diet Adherence (MDA and Health Eating Index (HEI scores and with elevated energy contribution of saturated fatty acids and low carbohydrates. Being overweight but not obese was moderately prevalent in volunteers. However, a low percentage of them showed dyslipemia or insulin resistance. No significant differences between male and female adolescents were found for any dietary parameter tested. HEI and MDA scores appear inversely related to insulin resistance markers in boys and to fat mass in girls, respectively. Conclusions. The high similitude of diet in both male and female subjects suggests a general adherence to potentially negative dietary habits in this population. Paradoxically, dietary components and altered lipoprotein factors were not related. The overweight prevalence and, the association between diet quality and MS-markers found demands a follow-up study to ascertain the importance of present results later in life.

Full Text Available In the paper considered gravestones with epitaphs of the end of the 15 th—16th century from Kashin (modern Tver region, which are an important source of medieval Kashin’s topography. In this regard the paper looks into the question Kashin city structure history and the directions of its development in the 15th — the end of the 16th century. On the basis of the sources along with epigraphical monuments are put in the sources published so far and among them — annales, lives of sacred from Kashin, acts from monastic archives, Census book of church lands of Kashin of 1621, and also the results of archaeological researches which report about the earliest elements of Kashin’s city building of — ostrog, churches and monasteries which existed in the last third of 14th — the beginning of the 17th century. From them the most ancient are city ostrog (built anew in 1392/93 and the Uspensky monastery (the first mention — 1368. The subscriptions gravestones connected with ancient necropolises, add to the list the first mentions of the Dimitrovsky monastery (1491, list churches st. Forty martyrs of Sevasty (1537, st. Ioakim and Anna (1594 and the Signs of the Mother of God (1594. Data of sources shows that in the last third of 14th — the end of the 16th century Kashin’s territory developed from the downtown in four directions. The northern, the east and the southern directions are obviously synchronous to each other. The southwest direction which, probably, developed less intensively is less documented by sources. The remained sources show an asynchronical emergence of separate sites of the city building and disprove the idea spread in local history literature, of the existance of Kashin “sacral plan“, which is allegedly was prêt as a platform for the building planning of the city. In the paper periods of active city planning connected with the activity of Princes of Kaschin Vasily Mikhaylovich (1319-1349/50 and Yury Ivanovich (1504-1533, and also the Prince of Tver Boris Aleksandrovich (after 1398-1461 are allocated.

standard English as "that kind of English which draws least attention to itself". For this ..... to linguistic or communicative norms, putative sex-indefinite pronouns among them ... South African English has necessarily been rather selective. It does ...

Full Text Available Economic performance of countries has been evaluated on several counts from both microeconomic and macroeconomic framework in many empirical studies by using many quantitative technics such as “Multi Criteria Decision Making” methods. After all, this paper has the characteristic of first research which examines international trade performance. Today, governments as well as firms are seeking new opportunities to take a bigger share of global market through trade by managing scarce resources, trade agreements and arrangements, making innovation, increasing productivity et cetera. It is within this context that the authors aim at evaluating international trade performance of OECD countries by using TOPSIS and AHP approaches between 1999-2014 in the light of three foreign trade performance indicators, namely; Volume of Exports Per Capita, Normalized Trade Balance and Terms of Trade. Our findings indicate that Norway, Ireland and Germany are ranked among the top three countries while Turkey, USA and the Greece are the bottom three.

Full Text Available Comparative analysis of spectral and luminescent properties for glasses SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-K2O-TiO2 doped with chromium ions and forsterite nano-glass ceramic have been done. Initial glasses were obtained by using a conventional melt quenching method. Glass ceramics were produced by the two-stage secondary heat treatment of initial glasses. At the first step of the heat treatment nucleation centers were formed at 700º C. At the second step there was an increase of Mg2SiO4: Cr crystalline phase. Crystalline phase composition and the crystals size were determined by X-ray diffractometer. It is shown that the crystalline phase of Mg2SiO4 (forsterite is precipitated during the heat treatment. Valency state and the chromium ion position in a forsterite or a glassy matrix are determined according to luminescence and absorption spectra. Identification of absorption and luminescence bands in initial and heat-treated samples is carried out. The dependence between spectral and luminescent properties of chromium and heat treatment modes is examined. The results demonstrate that ions of the trivalent and tetravalent chromium are transforming to the forsterite crystalline phase during the heat treatment, and a part of them remains in the glassy phase. Presented research results can be used for the development of glasses and nanoscale glassceramic for fiber tunable lasers and broadband optical amplifiers of a near infrared range which are used in information and telecommunication technologies.

Stephen Downes continues his examination of open source learning management systems (LMSs) with a visit to Sakai's Web site. While Sakai's Web site is not particularly easy to navigate, it provides access to a large community and constellation of related online learning products and initiatives. Visitors can visit discussion forums to ask…

Jan 31, 2014 ... should for their age (UNICEF 1999). The issue of child malnutrition is said to be most widely spread in the tropical and subtropical parts of the world (Jansen and Bailey, 1972). In Nigeria however, the situation is said to be worse in rural areas and constitutes a major health problem among school children ( ...

The Active and Passive Supplier Assessment Programs (ASAP and PSAP) WWW Sites provide general information to the electronic parts community regarding the availability of electronic parts. They also provide information to NASA regarding modifications to commonly used procurement specifications and test methods. The ASAP and PSAP www sites are ongoing resources produced by Code 562 in support of the NASA HQ funded NASA Electronic Parts and Packaging (NEPP) Program. These WWW sites do not provide information pertaining to patented or proprietary information. All of the information contained in these www sites is available through various other public domain resources such as US Military Qualified Producers Listings (QPLs) and Qualified Manufacturer Listings (QMLs) and industry working groups such as the Electronics Industry Alliance (EIA) and the Space Parts Working Group (SPWG).

When Dr. Paul Ifeanyi called me on phone, informing me about this book and requesting that ... indiscipline, brazen embezzlement of public funds by people in authority ... money laundering” (Ifeanyi, 259). OJY just .... devastating effects of societal lawlessness, of insecurity, of materialism ... accountable investment. It makes ...

Technology, Mbarara, Uganda .Correspondence to: ... of emergency department visits.4 Abdominal trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality ... patient's medical records (i.e. referral form, if he had been referred) was done. For the ...

Full Text Available Globalization is a buzz word that catches significant importance as a reform agenda post 1980. The current study is an attempt to analyze the impact of globalization on economic growth of Pakistan. The sample period for this study ranges from 1980-2009. For empirical analysis of the study, Autoregressive Distributive Lag model is employed while for data analysis Augmented Dicky Fuller test is applied. It is found that all the variables are stationary at first difference. The empirical findings of the study suggest that economic globalization in long phase of time increase growth in case of Pakistan economy, social globalization has negative impacts on growth and political globalization is insignificant which mean that it will not increase or decrease the growth of Pakistan economy. While in short run economic globalization at lag 1 and social globalization decrease the pace of growth. It is suggested to the government that as overall globalization helps in increasing the growth of economy therefore government should formulate such a policy that helps the economy to be globalized.

Full Text Available Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas is a rare tumor of the pancreas often detected initially on imaging. Of uncertain histogenesis, it has a low-grade malignant potential with excellent post-surgical curative rates and rare metastasis. Despite advances in imaging, pseudocysts and other cystic neoplasms feature in the differential diagnosis. Pathological and/or cytological evaluation remains the gold standard in reaching a definitive diagnosis. On morphology alone, other primary pancreatic tumors and metastatic tumors pose a diagnostic challenge. Recent advances in immunohistochemical characterization have made the histopathologic diagnosis more specific and, in turn, shed light on the likely histogenesis of this rare tumor. We report a case of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas that was suspected on radiology and diagnosed intraoperatively on imprint cytology guiding definitive surgery. The diagnostic dilemmas are reviewed.

HIV and Male Fertility at the University Teaching Hospital Lusaka ... diagnosis of infertility seen at the Urology Clinic, to the national HIV prevalence among men of ... Infertile. Population. Figure 1. Frequency of HIV in Infertile and Normal Population. Discussion. HIV infection affects male and female reproduction. Females ...

Choking sensation41 can be reduced by an antitussive e.g. oral morphine ... This is due to the local effects of dysphagia and odynophagia in addition to the ... of not only pain and other physical symptoms but also psychological, social and ...

Abstract. Gallbladder abnormalities occur rarely. The recognized abnormalities recorded so far comprised duplication, septation, abnormal position and total absence of the gallbladder. The bilobed gallbladder of the cross bred oxen slaughtered at. Jimma municipality abattoir constituted two lobes separated by a deep cleft.

During the LHC Run-1, Grid resources in ATLAS have been managed by the PanDA and DQ2 systems. In order to meet the needs for the LHC Run-2, Prodsys2 and Rucio are used as the new ATLAS Workload and Data Management systems. The data are stored under various formats in ROOT files and end-user physicists have the choice to use either the ATHENA framework or directly ROOT. Within the ROOT data analysis framework it is possible to perform analysis of huge sets of ROOT files in parallel with PROOF on clusters of computers (usually organised in analysis facilities) or multi-core machines. In addition, PROOF-on-Demand (PoD) can be used to enable PROOF on top of an existing resource management system. In this work, we present the first performances obtained enabling PROOF-based analysis at CERN and in some of the Italian ATLAS Tier-2 sites within the new ATLAS workload system. Benchmark tests of data access with the httpd protocol, using also the httpd redirector, will be shown. We also present results on the startup ...

Historical and Socio-Cultural Context. The University of Benin Teaching .... Delivery took three months, but the instruments which cost the hospital just over four thousand dollars are still in use after six years. Our first surgery was performed in ...

Full Text Available As the fossil energy has been getting depletion, it is important to utilize alternative energies such as solar energy. An equipment that can be used for capturing and converting solar energy is solar collector. Two identical collectors used in this study were placed facing to the North with an inclination angle of 15°. The collector dimension was 0.8 m x 1 m x 0.05 m. One collector contained 5 parallel pipes and the other contained 7 parallel pipes. The water used in the test was flowed naturally due to the gravity force from a higher tank and was adjusted using a valve fitted at the end of the collector. The water flow rates employed were 200, 250 and 300 cc/minutes and measured using a volume meter and a stop watch. The results showed that the energy coming into the collector, energy absorbed by the absorber and water, increased with an increase in the observation time and reached the peak value at about 2.30 pm. After that, they decreased. The effect of the pipe number is insignificant.

Cervical myelopathy from traditional bonesetters' treatment of spinal injury. O.E. Idowu1,2, O.C. ... patient management by this sect of health providers are still a burden in our society. ... rotation of the cervical spine takes place at this joint2.

Full Text Available Objective: To illustrate the patient safety culture in Oman as gleaned via 12 indices of patient safety culture derived from the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSPSC and to compare the average positive response rates in patient safety culture between Oman and the USA, Taiwan, and Lebanon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional research study employed to gauge the performance of HSPSC safety indices among health workers representing five secondary and tertiary care hospitals in the northern region of Oman. The participants (n=398 represented different professional designations of hospital staff. Analyses were performed using univariate statistics. Results: The overall average positive response rate for the 12 patient safety culture dimensions of the HSPSC survey in Oman was 58%. The indices from HSPSC that were endorsed the highest included ‘organizational learning and continuous improvement’ while conversely, ‘non-punitive response to errors’ was ranked the least. There were no significant differences in average positive response rates between Oman and the United States (58% vs. 61%; p=0.666, Taiwan (58% vs. 64%; p=0.386, and Lebanon (58% vs. 61%; p=0.666. Conclusion: This study provides the first empirical study on patient safety culture in Oman which is similar to those rates reported elsewhere. It highlights the specific strengths and weaknesses which may stem from the specific milieu prevailing in Oman.

infection and insidious manifestations makes diagnosis and management difficult [1, 5]. CASE REPORT. A 56 year old man was admitted to our institution with a 2 week history of headache and vomiting, dry non productive cough and low grade fever. He had a three day history of gait disturbance. The patient had pulmonary ...

remarkable increase, both in developing and in developed countries (Arguder et al. .... Patients report that they use herbal medicine and foods for reducing dyspnoea, mucus secretion, and deep ..... mellitus in Bahrain: A cross-sectional study.

Full Text Available The bacterial Cell Cycle is presented using the Simulation program CCSim, which employs four parameters related to time (inter-division τ, replication C, division D and size (mass at replication initiation Mi, sufficient to describe and compare bacterial cells under various conditions. The parameter values can be altered and the effects of the alterations can be seen. CCSim is easy to use and presents the kinetics of cell growth in a digestible format. Replicating chromosomes and growing bacillary cells are coupled to parameters that affect the cell cycle and animated. It serves as an educational tool to teach bacteriology and to compare experimental observations with the model best describing cell growth thus improve our understanding of regulatory mechanisms. Examples are displayed of transitions between known physiological states that are consistent with experimental results, including one that explains strange observations. The program predicts enhanced division frequencies after a period of slow replication under thymine limitation if a minimal distance (Eclipse exists between successive replisomes, as observed. Missing features and ways to improve, extend and refine CCSim are proposed, for both single cells and random populations under steady-states of exponential growth and during well-defined transitions. Future improvements and extensions are proposed for single cells and populations.

Full Text Available It is established radiation-induced decreasing in fragility of structural network takes place for γ-irradiated sample of Ge15,8As21S63,2 chalcogenide glass. It is concluded on the basis of the results obtained that radiation modification of chalcogenide glass leads to the rigidity of its matrix, and the vibrational (boson contribution in the low-frequency spectral region is dominatе on the relaxation quasi-elastic scattering.

Full Text Available There is a sharp contradiction between the high importance of work performed for society and a low professional status of general education teachers in the Russian society.The article presents outcomes of a sociological survey “Professional Identity of Modern Teacher” carried out by the Monitoring Research Department of the Moscow State University of Psychology & Education in the spring of 2016.This survey reflects the teachers’ self-assessment of the status of their profession.A total of 1,024 teachers of general education organizations were surveyed in 9 federal districts of the Russian Federation, except the Crimea.The survey was conducted on a three-stage stratified probabilistic sample.The research model of the teacher's social status includes the analysis of the three leading components: prestige, respect and satisfaction with work process.According to the results of the survey, despite the teachers' low assessment of the social prestige of their professional group, they perceive their activities as respected by students and their parents, and also feel satisfied with the results of their work.

Full Text Available Introduction: Secondary aortoenteric fistula (SAF is an uncommon, but very important complication of abdominal aortic reconstruction. The complication often occurs months to years after aortic surgery. The clinical manifestation of the aortoenteric fistula is always upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Treatment of the disease is early surgical intervention. If operative treatment is not performed promptly, the mortality is high. Case Report: A case of secondary aortoduodenal fistula found 6 years after aortic reconstructive surgery, with the clinical presentation of upper gastrointestinal bleeding because of the increasing number of elective aortic aneurysm repairs in the aging population, it is likely that more patients with SAF will present to the clinical physicians in the future. Hence, a high index of suspicion is necessary for prompt diagnosis and treatment of this lifethreatening event. The patient treated medically and finally expiration of the patient and review of the literature currently available in Medline. Conclusion: The aim of this case report is to emphasize early diagnosis and management of all gastrointestinal bleeding in patients who have a history of aortic reconstructive surgery.

lymphoblasts decreased with age while the medulla and lymphocytes increased. The fat content of the gland increased with age. The study showed a positive correlation of weight of the glands with age from birth to puberty, later the correlation becomes negative. There is a decrease in the activity of the gland as shown by ...

ATMs and e-banking products are being globally adopted by banks, given ... from theft and electronic fraud that they may be prone to as a result of sensitiveness of ...... commerce 15 (1). Sajuyigbe A.S. and Alabi E. 2012. Impact of information and communication technology in selected small and medium enterprises in ...

Covert channels are used by crackers who have breached an organisation's systems to download tools from outside, upload internal data to outside, create virtual network to outside machines and communicate to outside paths. They are also used by internal users who want to use forbidden protocols, who want to have ...

This review discusses a 38 year old patient with all the signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis. At surgery a normal appendix and serosanguinous fluid were observed. Further routine exploration disclosed a twisted omentum. This segment was excised. Patient recovered quickly. There is a need for exploration of the ...

measurements in compressed sensing, Found. Comput. Math., in press] who showed this property when η is a normalized Gaussian random variable. We extend this property to more general random variables, including the particular case where η is the Bernoulli random

Full Text Available The problem of choose of the safe anticonvulsant for the treatment of epilepsy is quite relevant. When choosing a drug, the physician should strive to balance the frequency of attacks and the severity of side effects in each individual patient. Rational antiepileptic therapy should improve the quality of life of the patient and his social adaptation. Purpose of the work : a comparative study of the effect of anticonvulsants on behavioral and emotional reactions and physical performance under the experimental conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Study was conducted on 30 white nonlinear rats weighing 180 - 220 g and 30 white nonlinear mice weighing 17-25 g, which were kept on a standard diet of the vivarium. Drugs: sodium valproate, at a dose of 80 mg / kg and carbamazepine - a dose of 125 mg / kg. All animals were randomly divided into 6 groups of 10 rats and mice. Determination of physical performance of mice was done in a "stretched wire" (or "muscle relaxation" test, in accordance with the methodology . The "open field" test allows us to determine the type of effect of the drug on the central nervous system as well as to clarify the nature of its influence on orientational-research activity and emotional sphere of experimental animals. The data were analyzed by statistic method using statistical analysis programs such as StatPlus, AnalystSoft. Results: It should be noted that anticonvulsants had a sedative effect on orientational and exploratory activity in rats. The most pronounced difference in data of the behavior of experimental rats was observed when carbamazepine was administered. Horizontal motor activity that was determined by the number of peripheral squares that were crossed by the tested animals under carbamazepine decreased to 88,4% (p <0,05 compared to controls. And vertical motor activity was 89,7% (p <0,05. A similar situation was observed in the study of sodium valproate but the rate of horizontal locomotor activity was 67.3% (p <0,05 compared to controls, which was less than with carbamazepine. With the introduction of sodium valproate uprights decreased by 54,0% (p <0,05. In antiepileptic drugs administered to animals inhibited “hole reflex”: the number of holes decreased compared with control when using carbamazepine - by 76,9% (p <0,05, sodium valproate to 69.2% (p <0,05. The effect of drugs on physical performance of the animals was also studied. According to the results of our study, the duration of the retention on the wire in the control group was 34 ± 4,5 sec. (M ± SD. With the introduction of anticonvulsants the average time was moderately reduced compared with the control: on the sodium valproate to 38.2% (p <0.05 and was 21,0 ± 2,7 sec., on the carbamazepine to 43.2% (p <0.05 and was 19,3 ± 3,7 sec. More relaxing effect on the muscles provided carbamazepine. Conclusions: Carbamazepine and valproate sodium show a sedative effect on the central nervous system, resulting in disturbance of emotional and behavioral sectors as well as impairing the performance of the animals.

Full Text Available In this era of technology, cloud computing technology has become essential part of the IT services used the daily life. In this regard, website hosting services are gradually moving to the cloud. This adds new valued feature to the cloud-based websites and at the same time introduces new threats for such services. DDoS attack is one such serious threat. Covariance matrix approach is used in this article to detect such attacks. The results were encouraging, according to confusion matrix and ROC descriptors.

Percipitopia takes as its point of departure a "virtual Whitehall" in which visitors will be introduced to the Irish philosopher George Berkeley's thoughts, and from which further examination of philosophical issues and the history of philosophy is facilitated. The actual Whitehall was George Ber...

Full Text Available The paper presents outcomes of a cross-cultural study on the process of recalling in Arab (Moroccan and Ukrainian students. The study aimed to explore the relation between recall and the place of the recalled material in the row (in particular, left or right visual field, the type of the stimuli (numbers, pictures, graphic representations, colours, images of people, and the time of exposition. The study revealed both similarities and differences in recalling in the students of different cultures. For instance, Moroccan students were generally better at recalling the material that was presented to them, and this was especially the case for the material that was placed in the right part of the visual field. Arab students were also far better than Ukrainian students at memorising most of the types of the stimuli (the difference was most obvious in recalling graphic material. However, this was not true for recalling people’s images: Ukrainian students were more successful with this task. The study also revealed that the exposure interval has a different impact on the effectiveness of recalling in representatives of the Arab (Moroccan and Ukrainian cultures, which is especially striking in memorising numbers.

Metadata is an important entity in the process of cataloging, discovering, and describing Earth science data. NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) ClearingHOuse (ECHO) acts as the core metadata repository for EOSDIS data centers, providing a centralized mechanism for metadata and data discovery and retrieval. By supporting both the ESIP's Federated Search API and its own search and ordering interfaces, ECHO provides multiple capabilities that facilitate ease of discovery and access to its ever-increasing holdings. Users are able to search and export metadata in a variety of formats including ISO 19115, json, and ECHO10. This presentation aims to inform technically savvy clients interested in automating search and ordering of ECHO's metadata catalog. The audience will be introduced to practical and applicable examples of end-to-end workflows that demonstrate finding, sub-setting and ordering data that is bound by keyword, temporal and spatial constraints. Interaction with the ESIP OpenSearch Interface will be highlighted, as will ECHO's own REST-based API.

Full Text Available Resumen Este trabajo surge de relacionar los resultados de dos líneas de investigación llevadas a cabo por equipos pertenecientes a la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Sociales y a la de Filosofía y Humanidades, ambas pertenecientes a la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. La indagación supone al contemplar no sólo miradas interdisciplinarias sino también el rol del territorio en la conformación de problemáticas sociales. Los efectos del lugar cobran fuerza en el caso que nos ocupa al poner en escena el pleno ejercicio de la ciudadanía frente a las políticas públicas orientadas a la prevención del delito. Abstract This work arises on the relationship between the results of two different research lines conducted by teams from the Faculty of Law and Social Sciences and Philosophy and Humanities, both belonging to the National University of Córdoba. The inquiry involves not only interdisciplinary looks but also the role of the territory in shaping social problems. The effects of the place gain strength in this case staging the full exercise of citizenship against public policies aimed at crime prevention.

Full Text Available The possibility of controlling S. rolfsii on soybean (Glycine max var. Rinjani using T. aureoviride and Tebuconazole under field conditions was studied. The experiment was conducted at the experimental plot of SEAMEO BIOTROP. The pathogen was mixed with the soil (2 kg/plot 4 days before the inoculation of the antagonist (2.25 kg/plot. The measurement of each plot was 2.5 x 6 m2. N, P and K (120 kg/ha were applied at the same day with the inoculation of the pathogen. Soybean seeds were planted 7 days after the inoculation of the antagonist. The distance between plants and between plots were 20 and 40 cm, respectively. The fungicide at concentration of 100 g/ha (in vitro concentration and 210 g/ha (field or recommended concentration were applied using 2 methods, i.e. 1 spraying on the planting hole at the same day as the planting of soybean seeds, and 2 spraying on the soil surrounding the plants 7 days after planting. Soils that were neither inoculated with the antagonist nor the fungicide were used as controls. Three replications (3 plots were used for each treatment (including the control. The results showed that the inoculation of the antagonist, the concentrations of the fungicide, and time of application gave very significant differences in the percentages of the plants infected by the pathogen and significant differences in seed production; while the interaction between the inoculation of the antagonist and the concentrations of the fungicide, between the concentrations of the fungicide and the time of application, and between the inoculation of the antagonist, the concentrations of the fungicide and the time of application did not give significant differences either in the percentages of the plants infected by the pathogen or seed production. The percentage of plants infected by the pathogen was lower on soil inoculated with the antagonist (31.6% than on soil not inoculated with the antagonist (52.9%. The percentage of plants infected by the pathogen was lower on soil treated with the fungicide either at in vitro concentration (37.5% or at field concentration (37.4% than on the soil not treated * A part of research funded by the Government of Indonesia FY 1991/1992 18 18Possibility of controlling Sclerotium rolfsii on soybean - Okky S. Dharmaputra and Ina Retnowati with the fungicide (61.5%. Nevertheless, based on statistical analysis, the fungicide at in vitro concentration was not significantly different from that at field concentration. The percentage of plants infected by the pathogen on the soil sprayed with the fungicide at the same day of seed planting was lower (30.5% than sprayed 7 days after planting (44.4%. The seed production on the soil inoculated with the antagonist (1893.3 kg/ha was higher than on the soil not inoculated with the antagonist (1465.7 kg/ha. The production on the soil sprayed with the fungicide either at in vitro (1758.0 kg/ha or at field concentration (1817.1 kg/ha was higher than on the soil not sprayed with the fungicide (1247.2 kg/ha. The production on the soil sprayed with the fungicide at the same day of seed planting (2010.9 kg/ha was higher than sprayed 7 days after planting (1564.2 kg/ha. The combination between the inoculation of the antagonist and the fungicide application at in vitro concentration at the same day of seed planting gave higher seed production (2391.2 kg/ha than the inoculation of the antagonist (1711.7 kg/ha or the fungicide application either at in vitro concentration (1771.9 kg/ha or at field concentration (1939.1 kg/ha at the same day of seed planting. However, based on statistical analysis, the interaction among the three treatments (the antagonist, the concentrations of the fungicide, and the time of application was not significantly different.

Takoradi to convey merchandise, equipments, raw materials, and consumer ... are common and cheap in many highways guest houses, rest stops, and restaurants. .... HIV/AIDS epidemic, HBV, and syphilis infections due to the risky behaviour.

sourced from these patent medicine stores or the pharmacy sections of the health .... Ilorin, Nigeria by Sanya and Musa (17) on private practitioners' perspective of .... World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, 2004 (AFR/MNH/04.1).

This article features CATIE (Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y Ensenanza), a tropical agricultural research and higher education center. CATIE's mission is to be instrumental in poverty reduction and rural development in the American tropics, by promoting diversified and competitive agriculture and sustainable management of natural…

The youth and young adults were the ... The time interval between the trauma and the patient arrival at the hospital and management ... findings and outcome of management of traumatic haemoperitoneum. Patients .... Sport (Football). 3. 1. 4.0.

org. 50. ABSTRACT. Background. Migraine is a debilitating but benign disease that can affect the quality of life of patients, disrupt the emotional relationships and impact on educational and vocational activities. Aim. The aim of our work was to ...

Full Text Available The objective of this paper is to make a reflection on the contradictions and the alleged rehabilitative potential of labor-therapeutic practices, starting from the experience developed by the Work Center of the Mental Health Program of the Municipality of Santos from 1989 to 1996, from the beginning of the intervention in the psychiatric hospital to the implementation of territorial and community services. The labor-therapeutic practice is characterized here as a disciplinary technology of deviation control, operating in line with the psychiatric paradigm. On the other hand, work projects that combine mental health and solidarity economy are considered devices that multiply opportunities, expand social networks and transform the concrete conditions of life, contributing to deconstruct the psychiatric paradigm and the sociability of merchandise. The ideas herein presented are part of a doctoral thesis that used the experience report of the Work Center implementation as a method, articulating the theoretical perspective of deinstitutionalization and the discussion of complexity, presenting new emancipatory possibilities of dealing with the issue of labor in the mental health field.

Full Text Available It is natural for adult learners preparing for upper-intermediate and advanced speaking examinations like the Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English (CAE, the Business English Certificate (BEC or International English Language Teaching System (IELTS to feel daunted by the Speaking examination. Having their spoken English assessed ‘live’ in a high stakes situation can be quite stressful. To perform at their best in the exam learners need to be able to contribute fully to the various task formats within their spoken exam.Students preparing for these exams need to have regular practice in responding fully to questions, working cooperatively with a partner, and generally taking the opportunity to showcase their use of English. In our experience there was little in the way of freely-available structured materials for advanced speaking skills online. We decided we would like to help learners preparing for their respective exams as well as general upper intermediate to advanced students wishing to develop their speaking skills. We launched splendid-speaking.com in 2006.

Full Text Available Abdominal Tuberculosis (TB most commonly affects ileo-caecal region. Isolated stomach involvement by TB, without pulmonary infection is rare. Clinical presentation of Stomach TB may be non-specific, radiological findings non-contributory and superficial endoscopic biopsies may not be able to settle the diagnosis. Many cases are diagnosed only after histopathological examination of surgical specimens. High degree of suspicion is needed for early diagnosis of gastric tuberculosis, if unnecessary surgical interventions are to be avoided. A young patient who was being treated as a case of chronic peptic ulcer for one year was referred for treatment of gastric outlet obstruction. Histopathological examination of gastrectomy specimen of the patient showed multiple caseating granulomas characteristic of tuberculosis and presence of acid-fast bacilli on Fite-Faraco staining, with no evidence of tuberculosis at pulmonary or other body sites. This case of isolated gastric TB is reported for its rarity.

anatomy dissection are fundamental to the learning of human anatomy and eventual practice of medicine. ... Results:The overall response rate was 26.9%. Of the 82 ... manual and dissecting show significant sexual bias. There is a need to ...

In Alzheimer's disease (AD) Amyloid Beta (Aβ) is deposited in the form of ... financial burden to society, worldwide societal costs estimated at $315 billion in 2005 ($105 ... It was, therefore, hypothesized that reduction of Aβ levels by statins may ...

East and Central African Journal of Surgery ... Investigations and intra-operative findings were suggestive of testicular torsion. We report this case because of its unusual ... The diagnosis is made mainly through clinical examination and signs.

differences that have brought about unrest as the tolerance level has got to a point .... a nation-state at any given time, by balancing all instruments ... Protestants emphasize .... Healing: This is one of the most interesting aspects of life that the ... Many suffer from various forms of diseases like health, ..... and Western Thought.

susceptibility of mammalian cells to bacterial adherence as a result of viral infection. ... before invading and spreading to the middle ear, paranasal sinuses or lungs. ... regeneration and remodeling of the airways after viral infection provides an ... deficient mutant of Pneumococcus had reduced the ability to alter the ...

space usually seen when the brain did not expand following removal of ... GCS dropped to 9 and the left pupilary size increased to 5mm from 3mm. ... right frontal ventriculostomy to let out the air and then to drain the CSF. ... for the development of pneumocephalus include head position, duration of surgery, hydrocephalus,.

A selection from Internet information sources on the subjects of radiation protection, dosimetry and medical radiation applications are discussed. The article is also available through the Internet (see title) including links to the discussed sites

Full Text Available The aim of this study is to examine the effect of SQ4R (Survey, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review technique of the reading comprehension ability of elementary school 4th grade students. The sampling was constituted by 57 students from two different branches of the Ataturk Elementary School in the center of Usak region during the 2nd semester of the 2013-2014 academic year. Reading comprehension skill achievement questions prepared by the researcher and it was used as the data collection tool. These questions were implemented to both groups before the experiment. Independent sample t-test and Kruskal Wallis-test methods were used for data analysis. According to the results of the study, a significant difference was found in the reading comprehension skills in favor of the students who studied reading comprehension with the SQ4R technique.

Background: Facial nerve abnormalities represent a broad spectrum of lesions which are commonly seen by the otolaryngologist. The aim of this paper is to highlight the aetiologic profile of facial nerve palsy. Methods: A retrospective study of patients with facial nerve palsy seen in the Ear, Nose and Throat clinic for 5 years.

Full Text Available This work seeks to reflect on how the Cognitive Linguistics – about the conceptual metaphor theory and embodiment – assiste the production processes and assessment of a virtual learning material for the course Anatomy for the Movement in the Degree Course of Dance from Escola de Belas Artes, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. This material comprises three learning objects (a digital game and two players of animated videos with the possibility of interaction and emphasizes contents on human anatomical systems: skeletal, muscular or joint. The methodology of this study is critical-analytical about the development of this objects and its testing. In this context, the theory of conceptual metaphor (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 2002 contributed to the design and planning processes of the first evaluation of the objects produced, since each is constituted by similar models to human anatomical structures and its evaluation process highlights the represented anatomical content. The concept of embodiment (GIBBS, 2005 influenced the production process, highlighting by which means metaphors would be represented, and especially for guiding the second evaluation of the objects that were applied during one semester in the classroom. This assessment brings inferences about the possible impact of learning objects in that subject. From the results obtained, it is expected to contribute to the process of production of learning objects in society, and in developing appropriate methodologies to the goals purposes.

Full Text Available A 52-year-old African American male with a long history of poorly controlled hypertension presented to the emergency department (ED with two days of genital edema and pain. During ED work-up, the patient developed sudden onset of non-pitting, non-pruritic, and non-urticarial upper lip edema. Review of his antihypertensive medication list revealed that he normally took benazepril, highly suggestive of a diagnosis of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor-related angioedema (ACEIRA. We present the first reported case of penile ACEI-RA that progressed to involve the oropharynx. The ED management of the condition and some of the newer treatment options available for ACEIRA is also briefly discussed.

Phoebe hi-res Size hi-res: 2280 kb Credits: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute Peering at Phoebe Shown here is a mosaic of seven of the sharpest, highest resolution images taken of Phoebe during the Cassini-Huygens close fly-by of the tiny moon. The image scales range from 27 to 13 metres per pixel. Smaller and smaller craters can be detected as resolution increases from left to right. The number of blocks, or bumps on the surface also increases to the right. The Sun is coming from the right, so the bright-dark pattern is reversed between blocks and small craters. Grooves or chains of pits are seen on the left portion of the mosaic, which may mark fractures or faults induced by large impact events. Many of the small craters have bright rays, similar to recent craters on the Moon. There are also bright streaks on steep slopes, perhaps where loose material slid downhill during the seismic shaking of impact events. There are also places where especially dark materials are present, perhaps rich in carbon compounds. Phoebe hi-res Size hi-res: 265 kb Credits: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute Dark desolation On 11 June 2004, during its closest approach to Phoebe, Cassini-Huygens obtained this extremely high-resolution view of a dark, desolate landscape. Regions of different reflectivity are clearly visible on what appears to be a gently rolling surface. Notable are several bright-rayed impact craters, lots of small craters with bright-coloured floors and light-coloured streaks across the landscape. Note also the several sharply defined craters, probably fairly young features, near the upper left corner. This high-resolution image was obtained with an angle of 30.7 degrees between the Sun, Phoebe and spacecraft and from a distance of approximately 2365 kilometres. The image scale is approximately 14 metres per pixel. The image was high-pass filtered to bring out small-scale features and then enhanced in contrast. Phoebe hi-res Size hi-res: 311 kb Credits: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute A view to the south A mosaic of two images of Saturn's moon Phoebe taken shortly after Cassini's fly-by on 11 June 2004, gives a close-up view of a region near its South Pole. The view, taken about 13 000 kilometres from Phoebe, is about 120 kilometres across and shows a region battered by crater impacts. Brighter material, likely to be ice, is exposed by small craters and streams down the slopes of large craters. The skyline is a combination of Phoebe's roundish shape and the formation of impact craters. Walls of some of the larger craters are more than four kilometres high. The image scale is 80 metres per pixel. Phoebe hi-res Size hi-res: 136 kb Credits: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute A skyline view Images like this one, showing bright 'wispy' streaks thought to be ice revealed by subsidence of crater walls, are leading to the view that Phoebe is an icy-rich body overlain with a thin layer of dark material. Obvious downslope motion of material occurring along the walls of the major craters in this image is the cause for the bright streaks, which are over-exposed here. Significant slumping has occurred along the crater wall at top left. The slumping of material might have been caused by a small projectile punching into the steep slope of the wall of a pre-existing larger crater. Another possibility is that the material collapsed when triggered by another impact elsewhere on Phoebe. Note that the bright, exposed areas of ice are not very uniform along the wall. Small craters are exposing bright material on the ‘hummocky’ floor of the larger crater. Elsewhere on this image, there are local areas of outcropping along the larger crater wall where denser, more resistant material is located. Whether these outcrops are large blocks being exhumed by landslides or actual 'bedrock' is not currently understood. The crater on the left, with most of the bright streamers, is about 45 kilometres in diameter, front to back as viewed. The larger depression in which the crater sits is on the order of 100 kilometres across. The slopes from the rim down to the ‘hummocky’ floor are approximately 20 kilometres long; many of the bright streamers on the crater wall are on the order of 10 kilometres long. A future project for Cassini image scientists will be to work out the chronology of slumping events in this scene. This image was obtained with an angle of 78 degrees between the Sun, Phoebe and the spacecraft, from a distance of 11 918 kilometres. The image scale is approximately 70 metres per pixel. No enhancement was performed on this image. On Friday 11 June, at 22:56 CET, the Cassini-Huygens spacecraft flew by Saturn's outermost moon Phoebe, coming within approximately 2070 kilometres of the satellite's surface. All eleven on-board instruments scheduled to be active at that time worked flawlessly and acquired data. The first high-resolution images show a scarred surface, covered with craters of all sizes and large variation of brightness across the surface. Phoebe is a peculiar moon amongst the 31 known satellites orbiting Saturn. Most of Saturn's moons are bright but Phoebe is very dark and reflects only 6% of the Sun's light. Another difference is that Phoebe revolves around the planet on a rather elongated orbit and in a direction opposite to that of the other large moons (a motion known as 'retrograde' orbit). All these hints suggested that Phoebe, rather than forming together with Saturn, was captured at a later stage. Scientists, however, do not know whether Phoebe was originally an asteroid or an object coming from the 'Kuiper Belt'. The stunning images obtained by Cassini's high-resolution camera now seem to indicate that it contains ice-rich material and is covered by a thin layer of dark material, probably 300-500 metres thick. Scientists base this hypothesis on the observation of bright streaks in the rims of the largest craters, bright rays radiating from smaller craters, grooves running continuously across the surface of the moon and, most importantly, the presence of layers of dark material at the top of crater walls. "The imaging team is in hot debate at the moment on the interpretations of our findings," said Dr Carolyn Porco, Cassini imaging team leader at the Space Science Institute in Boulder, USA. "Based on our images, some of us are leaning towards the view that has been promoted recently, that Phoebe is probably ice-rich and may be an object originating in the outer solar system, more related to comets and Kuiper Belt objects than to asteroids." The high-resolution images of Phoebe show a world of dramatic landforms, with landslides and linear structures such as grooves, ridges and chains of pits. Craters are ubiquitous, with many smaller than one kilometre. "This means, besides the big ones, lots of projectiles smaller than 100 metres must have hit Phoebe," said Prof. Gerhard Neukum, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Germany, and a member of the imaging team. Whether these projectiles came from outside or within the Saturn system is debatable. There is a suspicion that Phoebe, the largest of Saturn's outer moons, might be parent to the other, much smaller retrograde outer moons that orbit Saturn. They could have resulted from the impact ejecta that formed the many craters on Phoebe. Besides these stunning images, the instruments on board Cassini collected a wealth of other data, which will allow scientists to study the surface structures, determine the mass and composition of Phoebe and create a global map of it. "If these additional data confirm that Phoebe is mostly ice, covered by layers of dust, this may well mean that we are looking at a 'leftover' from the formation of the Solar System about 4600 million years ago," said Dr Jean-Pierre Lebreton, ESA Huygens Project Scientist. Phoebe might indeed be an icy wanderer from the distant outer reaches of the Solar System, which, like a comet, was dislodged from the Kuiper Belt and captured by Saturn when the planet was forming. Whilst studying the nature of Phoebe may give scientists clues on the origin of the building blocks of the Solar System, more data are needed to reconstruct the history of our own neighbourhood in space. With that aim, ESA's Rosetta mission is on its way to study one of these primitive objects, Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, from close quarters for over a year and land a probe on it. The fly-by of Phoebe on 11 June was the only one that Cassini-Huygens will perform with this mysterious moon. The mission will now take the spacecraft to its closest approach to Saturn on 1 July, when it will enter into orbit around the planet. From there, it will conduct 76 orbits of Saturn over four years and execute 52 close encounters with seven other Saturnian moons. Of these, 45 will be with the largest and most interesting one, Titan. On 25 December, Cassini will release the Huygens probe, which will descend through Titan's thick atmosphere to investigate its composition and complex organic chemistry.

Full Text Available The present study describes the ability of different extracts of H. plicatum obtained from flowers, stems and leaves, to act as natural antioxidants in different in vitro experimental models in which free radical reactions are involved: inhibition of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl radical, inhibition of hydroxyl radicals and protection of β-carotene-linoleic acid model system. Investigate extracts showed radical scavenging activity with IC50 from 6 to 11 mg/ml. The extracts are capable to reacting with OH• radical with inhibition of its production ranged between 33-58%. The high preventive activity against the bleaching of beta-carotene (15-49% of initial value after 120 minutes was also observed. The antioxidative activity of the extracts in the experimental systems was compared with that of reference substances: luteolin, quercetin, BHA, BHT and sylimarin (the main agent of the well-known milk thistle – Silybum marianum L.. Results of this study suggest that Helichrysum plicatum represent a natural source with antioxidant potential.

Full Text Available The overall sustainability of water depends in part on its effective re-use, particularly of wastewater, which is essential for irrigation and an increase in the supply of drinking water. However, there is concern about trace concentrations of pharmaceutical products and EDCs in wastewater because the effects of natural or anthropogenic driven processes, such as seasonal natural flow or climatic variability / prolonged drought, are factors that can drastically alter the concentrations of these compounds. For this work a review of the emerging pollutants that are present in the water sources specifically the endocrine disrupting compounds was performed, since the impact of these progestins, such as levonorgestrel (LNG, can negatively affect the reproduction and growth of organisms. The interest of this research topic is to propose a strategy that allows the treatment and control of LNG in the wastewater, from the compliance of the normativity and the use of different technologies of removal or conversion of these contaminants because it is necessary to obtain accurate information on the disposal of these pollutants, their natural attenuation in the environment, the impact of the discharge of waste water into bodies of surface water or groundwater.

Full Text Available Background: Urinary tract infection is the most common community and hospital bacterial infection and characterized by high rate of treatment failure and recurrences. Aim: to determine the association between risk factors and bacterial type. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted during the period from 1st of June 2015 to the end of January 2016. The population included in the study are 563 women, of them 425 (75.5% were outpatients, and 138 (24.5% were inpatients. Their age range between 18 and 80 years, with a mean age of 33.59±15.29 years. Urine samples were immediately cultured on blood agar and MacConkey’s agar by spread plate technique. Bacterial colonies with different morphology were selected, purified and identified according to their biochemical characteristics using conventional standard methods. Results: Mean age was significantly (F=5.14, P=0.002 different in relation to bacterial type. Women infected with E. coli were with higher mean age (37.84 year, followed by those infected with Staphylococcus aureus (31.97 year, then Klebsiella pneumonia (28.76 year and Proteus mirabilis (28.50 year. BMI mean value was significantly (F=6.33, P=0.000 different in women infected with different bacteria and higher value was in those infected with E. coli (26.15, while it was about the same in those infected with Staphylococcus aureus (24.6, then Klebsiella pneumonia (24.9 year and Proteus mirabilis (24.1. Pus cell scale mean value was significantly (F=6.67, p=0.000 higher in cases infected with E. coli (2.04, while 1.77 in Staphylococcus aureus, infected cases, 1.15 in women infected with Klebsiella pneumonia and 1.33 in those infected with Proteus mirabilis. Conclusion: Age, BMI, pus cells scale, and education levels were significantly associated with bacterial type.

The NASA Parts Selection List (NPSL) is an on-line resource for electronic parts selection tailored for use by spaceflight projects. The NPSL provides a list of commonly used electronic parts that have a history of satisfactory use in spaceflight applications. The objective of this www site is to provide NASA projects, contractors, university experimenters, et al with an easy to use resource that provides a baseline of electronic parts from which designers are encouraged to select. The NPSL is an ongoing resource produced by Code 562 in support of the NASA HQ funded NASA Electronic Parts and Packaging (NEPP) Program. The NPSL is produced as an electronic format deliverable made available via the referenced www site administered by Code 562. The NPSL does not provide information pertaining to patented or proprietary information. All of the information contained in the NPSL is available through various other public domain resources such as US Military procurement specifications for electronic parts, NASA GSFC's Preferred Parts List (PPL-21), and NASA's Standard Parts List (MIL-STD975).

The NASA GSFC Tin Whisker Homepage provides general information and GSFC Code 562 experimentation results regarding the well known phenomenon of tin whisker formation from pure tin plated substrates. The objective of this www site is to provide a central repository for information pertaining to this phenomenon and to provide status of the GSFC experiments to understand the behavior of tin whiskers in space environments. The Tin Whisker www site is produced by Code 562. This www site does not provide information pertaining to patented or proprietary information. All of the information contained in this www site is at the level of that produced by industry and university researchers and is published at international conferences.

This peer-reviewed web site concentrates on the 66 adult alate and apterous aphids that are the world's most cosmopolitan and polyphagous species. The site includes fact sheets about the various aphids species, a glossary of terms helpful to the student, hundreds of photographs and illustrations, a...

... antibody to antigen, destructing mast cell enzyme activation system as well as inhibiting release of histamine from mast cells (M. Bureau et al., 1993). ..... decrease and other mediators of inflammation decrease. All of the results we got in this ...

Full Text Available A web application could be visited for different purposes. It is possible for a web site to be visited by a regular user as a normal (natural visit, to be viewed by crawlers, bots, spiders, etc. for indexing purposes, lastly to be exploratory scanned by malicious users prior to an attack. An attack targeted web scan can be viewed as a phase of a potential attack and can lead to more attack detection as compared to traditional detection methods. In this work, we propose a method to detect attack-oriented scans and to distinguish them from other types of visits. In this context, we use access log files of Apache (or ISS web servers and try to determine attack situations through examination of the past data. In addition to web scan detections, we insert a rule set to detect SQL Injection and XSS attacks. Our approach has been applied on sample data sets and results have been analyzed in terms of performance measures to compare our method and other commonly used detection techniques. Furthermore, various tests have been made on log samples from real systems. Lastly, several suggestions about further development have been also discussed.

human person can be assessed. The mystery in all this is ... contribution to the understanding of the term is its ..... worthwhile venture, desirable in itself because acquiescence to it promotes ..... economic, political and military capitals that such language .... Linguistic Innovations in Femi Fatoba's My 'Older' Father and Other.

error. The page your are looking for can not be found! Please check the link or use the navigation bar at the top. YouTube · Twitter · Facebook · Blog. Academy News. IAS Logo. Live streaming of the Symposium on Dialogue: Science, Scientists, and Society starts at 2:00 pm IST on the 13th of October – 2017. Posted on 12 ...

populations in Asia, far-east, and North America. By far reported cases ... Zomba Central hospital with long standing history of a giant scalp cutenous horn for about 28 years .Excision ... educative pathologies goes under reported. Case Report.

Prevalence of USN was determined while differences in prevalence by ... linked to the side of brain damage, factors such as differences in research .... SANDERS G, SJODIN M, DE CHASTELAINE M. On the elusive nature of sex differences in.

Figure 2. Comparison of the ScHP1 amino acid sequence with H. +. -PPase from other species. The conserved domains GGG,. DVGADLVGKVE, DNVGDNVGD, EYYT and GNTTAA were found in the sequence alignment (shown in red boxes).

Full Text Available The access to the public and private services through the web gains daily protagonism, and sometimes they must support amounts of requests that a team can not process, so there are solutions that use algorithms that allow to distribute the load of requests of a web application in several equipment; the objective of this work is to perform an analysis of load balancing scheduling algorithms through the HA-Proxy tool, and deliver an instrument that identifies the load distribution algorithm to be used and the technological infrastructure, to largely cover implementation. The information used for this work is based on a bibliographic analysis, eld study and implementation of the different load balancing algorithms in equipment, where the distribution and its performance will be analyzed. The incorporation of this technology to the management of services on the web, improves availability, helps business continuity and through the different forms of distribution of the requests of the algorithms that can be implemented in HA-Proxy to provide those responsible for information technology systems with a view of their advantages and disadvantages.

In this report we present the CT features making for the confident diagnosis of a case of .... increased densities ranging from 50 to 100+ Hounsfield Units (HU) interspersed with .... Surgical approaches to vascular anomalies of the child's brain.

and there were no signs of brain atrophy on the CT scan. In addition, many authors believe that pregnancy increases the risk of stroke16. The bridging veins may rupture after a sudden increased pressure during labour and delivery15, due to venous congestion during pregnancy. A pre- existing aneurysm may also rupture ...

Full Text Available The new occurrence of Three species of bivalves from Pinnidae family is recorded for the first time from Palk Bay area based on a live and dead shells collected from the Intertidal area . All the three species are under the family of Pinnidae, Pinna bicolor, Pinna deltodes and Pinna incurva . In seagrass bed of Thondi Coast, all the species of Pen shells Pinna bicolor, Pinna deltodes and Pinna incurva were embedded in muddy sand and found associated with seagrasses at inter-tidal area. It was also found buried in hard substratum associated with living zoanthids and soft coral. The collected specimens were identified as, (1 Pinna bicolor, (2 Pinna deltodes and (3 Pinna Incurva by using both morphometric and meristic characters. The paper described the taxonomic status and the description of the three species of bivalves collected from Palk Bay areas.

3Department of surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Addis Ababa University (AAU), Addis ... In animal study, VAD decreased thyroidal iodine uptake and impaired thyroglobulin (Tg) ..... group A and 12/95 in group B; small were vitamin A deficient.

Key words: Epilepsy, awareness, knowledge, and attitudes ... other non-epileptic parameters such as social and psychological factors have .... sorts of resources such as the internet, mass-media and telecommunication ...... Word of mouth was.

The results of a search for the bottomonium counterpart, denoted as $X_b$, of the exotic charmonium state X(3872) is presented. The analysis is based on a sample of pp collisions at $\\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.7 inverse femtobarns. The search looks for the exclusive decay channel $X_b \\to \\Upsilon(1S) \\pi^+ \\pi^-$ followed by $\\Upsilon(1S) \\to \\mu^+ \\mu^-$. No evidence for an $X_b$ signal is observed. Upper limits are set at the 95% confidence level on the ratio of the inclusive production cross sections times the branching fractions to $\\Upsilon(1S) \\pi^+ \\pi^-$ of the $X_b$ and the $\\Upsilon$(2S). The upper limits on the ratio are in the range 0.9-5.4% for $X_b$ masses between 10 and 11 GeV. These are the first upper limits on the production of a possible $X_b$ at a hadron collider.

The top quark mass is measured in the t¯t→dileptonchannel (lepton=e, μ) using ATLAS data recorded in the year 2012 at the LHC. The data were taken at a proton–proton centre-of-mass energy of √s=8TeVand correspond to an integrated luminosity of about 20.2fb-1. Exploiting the template method, and using the distribution of invariant masses of lepton–b-jetpairs, the top quark mass is measured to be mtop=172.99 ±0.41(stat)±0.74(syst)GeV, with a total uncertainty of 0.84GeV. Finally, acombination with previous ATLAS mtopmeasurements from √s=7TeVdata in the t¯t→dileptonand t¯t→lepton+jetschannels results in mtop=172.84 ±0.34(stat)±0.61(syst)GeV, with a total uncertainty of 0.70GeV.

A search for a narrow baryonic state in the $pK^0_S$ and $\\bar{p}K^0_S$ system has been performed in $ep$ collisions at HERA with the ZEUS detector using an integrated luminosity of 358 pb$^{-1}$ taken in 2003-2007. The search was performed with deep inelastic scattering events at an $ep$ centre-of-mass energy of 318 GeV for exchanged photon virtuality, $Q^2$, between 20 and 100 $\\rm{} GeV^{2}$. Contrary to evidence presented for such a state around 1.52 GeV in a previous ZEUS analysis using ...

Measurements of event shapes and azimuthal correlations are presented for events where a Z boson is produced in association with jets in proton-proton collisions. The data collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV correspond to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 inverse femtobarns. The analysis provides a test of predictions from perturbative QCD for a process that represents a substantial background to many physics channels. Results are presented as a function of jet multiplicity, for inclusive Z boson production and for Z bosons with transverse momenta greater than 150 GeV, and compared to predictions from Monte Carlo event generators that include leading-order multiparton matrix-element (with up to four hard partons in the final state) and next-to-leading-order simulations of Z + 1-jet events. The experimental results are corrected for detector effects, and can be compared directly with other QCD models.

We present a search for a narrow-width heavy resonance decaying into top quark pairs X->ttbar in ppbar collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96TeV using approximately 0.9fb^-1 of data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. This analysis considers ttbar candidate events in the lepton plus jets channel with at least one identified b jet and uses the ttbar invariant mass distribution to search for evidence of resonant production. We find no evidence for a narrow resonance X decaying...

A search is performed for heavy Majorana neutrinos (N) using an event signature defined by two same-sign charged leptons of the same flavour and two jets. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.98 inverse femtobarns of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess of events is observed beyond the expected standard model background and therefore upper limits are set on the square of the mixing parameter, abs(V[ell N]) squared, for ell = e, mu, as a function of heavy Majorana-neutrino mass. These are the first direct upper limits on the heavy Majorana-neutrino mixing for m[N] > 90 GeV.

Full Text Available Purpose.To describe the basic physical-chemical and biological properties of certain minerals of volcanic origin, which are deposited in Ukraine.To examine and make a comparative assessment of their chemical composition and biological properties including zeolite, bentonite and saponite. To summarize performance data on the effectiveness of their use in animal, poultry and fish feed as a feed additive. Findings. Groups of zeolites, saponins and bentonites among the minerals of volcanic origin, which are deposited on Ukrainian territory, have been examined. The chemical composition, and hence the properties of these minerals have significant differences. The scientific review of papers shows their wide application in industry, medicine and animal breeding. Zeolite component is presented by clinoptilolite which is suitable for animal feed because of the structure of the crystal lattice. Its structure and chemical composition is determined by sorbing and ion exchange properties. There is a positive effect of zeolite, bentonite and saponite on animals. Zeolites are used in pisciculture in order to increase fish productivity of fisheries and clean fishing reservoir water. The perspective of research efficiency of volcanic origin minerals in fish feeding before the sawning period was determined Practical value. Analysis and synthesis of scientific studies in various fields of animal breeding will help to determine the prospects and ways of the application of the minerals of volcanic origin (bentonite, zeolite and saponite in pisciculture

Full Text Available Objective: Febrile neutropenia (FN is a major toxic responseto chemotherapy requiring prompt medical attention. There are a limited number of reports on clinical outcome in patients with FN that present to emergency departments.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated clinical manifestations, therapeutic outcomes, and risk factors for FN in 102 adult patients that presented to the emergency department between 1 January 2006 and 31 March 2009. FN was defined as a body temperature>38°C and a neutrophil count >0.5×109/L on the day of fever onset or the day after.Results: Mean age of the patients was 57 years. Mean absolute neutrophil count (ANC was 436.8/mm3 (range: 0-1000/mm3. In all, 23 of the patients (22.5% died due to complications related to FN. There were not a statistical difference in therapeutic outcome among tumor types, performance status, sex, depth of neutropenia, or time from emergency department presentationto initiation of antibiotic therapy.Age was an important prognostic factor for therapeutic outcome. Mean age of fatal cases was 65 years versus 56 years for non-fatal cases (p=0.016. Bacteremia was noted in 19 patients, 10 (53% of which died. The mortality rate was significantly higher in thepatients with blood culture-proven bacteria than in those whose blood culture yielded no organism (p=0.013.Conclusion: FN patients that presented to the emergency department had a high mortality rate thatincreased with age. Given the increasing age of patients diagnosed with cancer as well as therapeuticinterventions, the high mortality rate associated withchemotherapy-induced FN in elderly patientsrequires further study in order to reduce the risk of death.

Private Sponsorship of Rural Development Broadcasts on Radio in Southwest ... The study explored the private sponsorship prospects of rural ... within and beyond the traditional public rural development agencies where sponsorship ... The instrument was administered on the corporate affairs/advertisement managers of.

groups in eastern Kogi State adopt this extension strategy to share ideas, .... Aldrich and Marsden in Giddens (2010), people frequently band together to ..... farmers form farmers' labour group to close the labour gap that was created by rural-.

All (100%) human sample tested negative for Acid- ... public who consume fresh milk or infected meat are exposed to bovine TB from ..... The strong association found between seropositivity and the kraal density demonstrates the effect of ...

Department of Agricultural Extension & Economics,. National ... This study assessed the level of adoption of recommended agrochemical practices .... Secondary sources such as annual reports of ADPs, published materials like textbooks,.

be encouraged in disseminating improved agricultural technologies like this ... Apart from having a considerable potential to enhance food security and the productivity .... agents exposes farmers to information on new ideas and technologies.

Central Veterinary Laboratory, Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Accra Ghana ... communication presents a case of dog associated pig rabies in Adidome, Ghana. ... processing of the carcass for consumption (Fig 1D) and therefore were at risk. ... This further elucidated the fact that stray and hunting dogs are often prone or.

Determinants of Adoption of Cassava Technologies by Male Farmers in Nasarawa State,. Nigeria ... Descriptive statistics such as frequency tables, ... The improvement in the yield of cassava is vigorously pursued through the development of.

Full Text Available Over the last few decades, the achievements and progress in the field of medical imaging have dramatically enhanced the early detection and treatment of many pathological conditions. The development of new imaging modalities, especially non-ionising ones, which will improve prognosis, is of crucial importance. A number of novel imaging modalities have been developed but they are still in the initial stages of development and serious drawbacks obstruct them from offering their benefits to the medical field. In the 21st century, it is believed that nanotechnology will highly influence our everyday life and dramatically change the world of medicine, including medical imaging. Here we discuss how nanotechnology, which is still in its infancy, can improve Terahertz (THz imaging, an emerging imaging modality, and how it may find its way into real clinical applications. THz imaging is characterised by the use of non-ionising radiation and although it has the potential to be used in many biomedical fields, it remains in the field of basic research. An extensive review of the recent available literature shows how the current state of this emerging imaging modality can be transformed by nanotechnology. Innovative scientific concepts that use nanotechnology-based techniques to overcome some of the limitations of the use of THz imaging are discussed. We review a number of drawbacks, such as a low contrast mechanism, poor source performance and bulky THz systems, which characterise present THz medical imaging and suggest how they can be overcome through nanotechnology. Better resolution and higher detection sensitivity can also be achieved using nanotechnology techniques.

On today's Web, users trade access to their private data for content and services. Advertising sustains the business model of many websites and applications. Efficient and successful advertising relies on predicting users' actions and tastes to suggest a range of products to buy. It follows that, while surfing the Web users leave traces regarding their identity in the form of activity patterns and unstructured data. We analyse how advertising networks build user footprints and how the sugg...

Full Text Available Establishment of environmental taxes, called green taxes or eco-taxes, are ways to internalize the environmental costs in the prices of goods or services, causing producers and consumers to use resources more efficiently and sustainably. Green taxes or Pigovian taxes, named after their inventor, Arthur Pigou are known as sin taxes and when are applied to the “sin” of pollution they may be called environmental taxes or eco-taxes. Sustainable development can not be sustained without the existence of adequate measures and effective for protection of the environment. The polluter pays principle is a principle embraced by all countries from the desire do not deplete environmental resources, some of which being non-renewable resources, to be used by future generations. Polluters are both individuals and legal entities who must to respond in one way or another for their irresponsible actions, compensating damages, protecting the environment and paying damages for any casualties. Green taxes can generate a tax reform. Any responsible person will try to manage in another way the resources when has to bear consequences. In this regard, the environment can be protected more effectively and more cost effective for citizens. The effects of irresponsible actions of some of us not only affect the environment but also all animals and vegetable bodies inclusive people.

During the week of February 1 - February 22, 2010, ALT-Aabenraa Lokal TV aired "Music and Meaning: Duets and Dialogues" with H.C. Andersen Guest Professorial Fellow William Westney and Cynthia M. Grund, Research Director for The Aesthetics of Music and Sound (AMS). This program includes interview...

to vegetable for household consumption (Mean = 2.92), income generation ( mean = 3.42), and ... In general, technology connotes mechanical, electrical and other such scientific inventions. .... prediction of the determinants. The model is ...

Women Farmers' Perception and Utilization of Marketing Information on ... effective integration of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in .... of information is an indication that the respondents are still depend on traditional and.

only be achieved through effective extension effort and services and fisher ... means of fish production, processing, storage and marketing was introduced ..... Indigenous Knowledge; paper presented at the UNCTAD Conference on Traditional.

Gender Dimension to Farmers' Perception of the National Fadama Development ... households because the poor were unable to pay their beneficiaries' contribution ..... equal chances of contributing to the planning and implementation of the.

Background: Malaria is a global menace caused by the transfer of a plasmodium parasite to a host by an infected anopheles mosquito. Upon infection, the overwhelmed host releases free radicals which have the capacity to induce oxidative damage by lipid peroxidation. This study was undertaken to assess the effect of ...

Background: Trichomoniasis is the most prevalent treatable sexually transmitted disease in the world. This study investigated the prevalence of trichomoniasis and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending ante-natal sessions in a tertiary health care facility in Abeokuta. Materials and Methods: High Vaginal ...

Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Farmers' Participation in Community- Based ... out of the fact that increased concentration of developmental resources in the ... organizations always developed innovative technologies and best practices to ...

ICTs as a generic name used to refer to a number of communication hardwares adopted in ensuring instant dissemination of information and social values across the globe. They encompass a range of rapidly evolving technologies and they include telecommunication technologies (telephony, cable, satellite, TV and radio, ...

Full Text Available The article is aimed at defining the essence of partnership and analyzing its constituents taking into consideration the institutional approach. The article analyzes the main provisions of the institutional approach, allocating as the original category the concept of «institution», which is understood as a form of organization, regulating and harmonization of public life, activity and behavior of individuals, that is – a set of norms, required for organization of cooperation. One such organization at both the formal and the informal bases is partnership. It has been determined that namely partnership as economic institution can become the integrating link element of the market economy (its structure, constituents, form and level will depend on those, who will act as relationship parties – or partners, will ensure a sustained cooperation and reduce uncertainty in relations that, in turn, will impact stability of market and the entire economic system. Promising direction for further research will be elaborating recommendations for development of partnership at each structural level of an economic system and considering impacts of the external environment on the efficiency of cooperation.

Full Text Available In the search for treatments for the Ebola Virus, multiple screens of FDA drugs have led to the identification of several with promising in vitro activity. These compounds were not originally developed as antivirals and some have been further tested in mouse in vivo models. We put forward the opinion that some of these drugs could be evaluated further and move into the clinic as they are already FDA approved and in many cases readily available. This may be important if there is a further outbreak in future and no other therapeutic is available.

Full Text Available One of the foundations of the scientific method is to be able to reproduce experiments and corroborate the results of research that has been done before. However, with the increasing complexities of new technologies and techniques, coupled with the specialisation of experiments, reproducing research findings has become a growing challenge. Clearly, scientific methods must be conveyed succinctly, and with clarity and rigour, in order for research to be reproducible. Here, we propose steps to help increase the transparency of the scientific method and the reproducibility of research results: specifically, we introduce a peer-review oath and accompanying manifesto. These have been designed to offer guidelines to enable reviewers (with the minimum friction or bias to follow and apply open science principles, and support the ideas of transparency, reproducibility and ultimately greater societal impact. Introducing the oath and manifesto at the stage of peer review will help to check that the research being published includes everything that other researchers would need to successfully repeat the work. Peer review is the lynchpin of the publishing system: encouraging the community to consciously (and conscientiously uphold these principles should help to improve published papers, increase confidence in the reproducibility of the work and, ultimately, provide strategic benefits to authors and their institutions. Future incarnations of the various national Research Excellence Frameworks (REFs will evolve away from simple citations towards measurable societal value and impact. The proposed manifesto aspires to facilitate this goal by making transparency, reproducibility and citizen-scientist engagement (with the knowledge-creation and dissemination processes the default parameters for performing sound research.

Full Text Available One of the foundations of the scientific method is to be able to reproduce experiments and corroborate the results of research that has been done before. However, with the increasing complexities of new technologies and techniques, coupled with the specialisation of experiments, reproducing research findings has become a growing challenge. Clearly, scientific methods must be conveyed succinctly, and with clarity and rigour, in order for research to be reproducible. Here, we propose steps to help increase the transparency of the scientific method and the reproducibility of research results: specifically, we introduce a peer-review oath and accompanying manifesto. These have been designed to offer guidelines to enable reviewers (with the minimum friction or bias to follow and apply open science principles, and support the ideas of transparency, reproducibility and ultimately greater societal impact. Introducing the oath and manifesto at the stage of peer review will help to check that the research being published includes everything that other researchers would need to successfully repeat the work. Peer review is the lynchpin of the publishing system: encouraging the community to consciously (and conscientiously uphold these principles should help to improve published papers, increase confidence in the reproducibility of the work and, ultimately, provide strategic benefits to authors and their institutions.

orthodox medicine and the factors influencing the use of medicines. ... Many societies have developed various traditional methods of managing their ... source of livelihood is agriculture and rural areas serve as the major sources of food for ..... Research, quality control, assessment of safety, and regulation of traditional.

Full Text Available The activity of excitatory neurons is controlled by a small, but highly diverse population of inhibitory interneurons. These cells show a high level of physiological, morphological and neurochemical heterogeneity, and play highly specific roles in neuronal circuits. In the mammalian hippocampus, these are divided into 21 different subtypes of GABAergic interneurons based on their expression of different markers, morphology and their electrophysiological properties. Ideally, all can be marked using an antibody directed against the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, but parvalbumin, calbindin, somatostatin, and calretinin are also commonly used as markers to narrow down the specific interneuron subtype. Here, we describe a journey to find the necessary immunological reagents for studying GABAergic interneurons of the mouse hippocampus. Based on web searches there are several hundreds of different antibodies on the market directed against these four markers. Searches in the literature databases allowed us to narrow it down to a subset of antibodies most commonly used in publications. However, in our hands the most cited ones did not work for immunofluorescence stainings of formaldehyde fixed tissue sections and cultured hippocampal neurons, and we had to immunostain our way through thirteen different commercial antibodies before finally finding a suitable antibody for each of the four markers. The antibodies were evaluated based on signal-to-noise ratios as well as if positive cells were found in layers of the hippocampus where they have previously been described. Additionally, the antibodies were also tested on sections from mouse spinal cord with similar criteria for specificity of the antibodies. Using the antibodies with a high rating on pAbmAbs, stainings with high signal-to-noise ratios and location of the immunostained cells in accordance with the literature could be obtained, making these antibodies suitable choices for studying the GABAergic system.

Full Text Available The most dramatic development in medical decision-making technology has been the advent of the Internet. This has had an impact not only on clinicians, but has also become an important resource for patients who often approach their doctors with medical information they have obtained from the Internet. Increasingly, medical students, residents and attending physicians have been using the Internet as a tool for diagnosing and treating disease. Internet-based resources that are available take various forms, including informational websites, online journals and textbooks, and social media. Search engines such as Google have been increasingly used to help in making diagnoses of disease entities. Do these search methods fare better than experienced heuristic methods? In a small study, we examined the comparative role of heuristics versus the 'Google' mode of thinking. Internal medicine residents were asked to “google” key words to come up with a diagnosis. Their results were compared to experienced nephrology faculty and fellows in training using heuristics and no additional help of internet. Overall, with the aid of Google, the novices (internal medicine residents correctly diagnosed renal diseases less often than the experts (the attendings but with the same frequency as the intermediates (nephrology fellows. However, in a subgroup analysis of both common diseases and rare diseases, the novices correctly diagnosed renal diseases less often than the experts but more often than the intermediates in each analysis. The novices correctly diagnosed renal diseases with the same frequency as nephrology fellows in training.

A considerable amount of resources has been devoted at the international level during the last few decades, to the generation of experimental databases in order to provide reference information for the understanding of reactor safety relevant phenomenologies and for the development and/or assessment of related computational methodologies. The extent to which these databases are preserved and can be accessed and retrieved is an issue of major concern. This paper provides an outline of the JRC databases preservation initiative and a description of the supporting web-based computer platform STRESA. (author)

Full text: This paper shows the new infrastructure to disseminate RP knowledge and information developed by the community involved in radiation uses. The www.ionizantes.ciemat.es portal has been implemented by CIEMAT and CINDOC- CSIC with the support of the national and international organizations related to the radiation applications. The design and structure of the databases was developed by CIEMAT and CINDOC-CSIC using the experience acquired by both organizations in the knowledge transfer. The initiative aims to establish collaboration with the sector involved in the most important applications of the ionizing radiation uses. The goal is to share resources establishing a new system of information between the experts, researchers and public. The portal also brings the dialogue to the entire sector and provides details of the relevant research projects. The main specific objectives of this portal are: a) To inform about the new projects developed; b) To download publications, reports and papers; c) to learn more about ionizing radiation; d) To promote collaborative knowledge transfer. The portal shows particular relevance to representative international and national organizations, the private sector and the local community relevant organizations. Results: The resources include in the database of the portal are: the agenda, documents, research calls, legislation, research projects, most important journals and summaries, patents and other available tools. The information is presented in a categorized and classified structure. This virtual community offers better knowledge transfer. It also optimizes the communication and research dissemination to the society. (author)

change in behaviour which comes as a result of experience and exercise. They asserted ... It is an important food in the diet of both young and old (Olashina ... Foods and Nutrition courses provide the only opportunity for students to learn about nutrition and healthy ... are attitude and socio-economic background of students.

income (86, 2%) were effects of climate change on pineapples. Avoidance of ... differ across geographical locations, gender, socio-economic status etc. ..... there may be gap in accommodating and in updating extension staff with information.

USAID MARKETS project phase one in Anambra and Ebonyi States, Nigeria. The ... National Rice Development Strategy (NRDS) (launched in May 2008) among others. (Okpe, 2010). ..... Effect of climate change on rice production in Anambra ...

Despite these efforts, no vaccine has yet been licensed for the treatment of the disease. .... EHF may mimic many other tropical diseases like malaria, typhoid fever or yellow fever ... The index case was farming and preparing charcoal in the remnant forest areas of .... There is no effective drug and specific vaccine for EHF.

(1998), found that loss of a parent was one of the most tragic and stressful events in a ... and resolving the loss, there was a greater attachment to the deceased parent .... Attitude towards peers, (B) Attitude towards subjects in class; (C) Attitude ...

and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis are major complications in HIV/AIDS. ... It is further observed that TB is still a diagnostic dilemma, with ... This study therefore provided the basic information regarding the condition of .... and fifty (46.9%) females were enrolled for the study with a male to female ... and the left lower lung zone.

Audience response systems (?clickers?) are frequently used to promote participation in large lecture classes, and evidence suggests that they convey a number of benefits to students, including improved academic performance and student satisfaction. The limitations of these systems (such as limited access and cost) can be overcome using students? personal electronic devices, such as mobile phones, tablets and laptops together with text message, web- or app-based polling systems. Using question...

Planetary Science Research Discoveries (PSRD) website reports the latest research about planets, meteorites, and other solar system bodies being made by NASA-sponsored scientists. In-depth articles explain research results and give insights to contemporary questions in planetary science.

Full Text Available Background: Little is known about the relationship between the opinions of inpatients and the degree to which hospitals are improving in performance over time. The aim of this study was to determine the personal assessment level of inpatients or their representatives regarding aspects of health care in an internal medicine ward. Methods: We carried out a questionnaire in September 2011 with 284 discharged patients and patient representatives, focusing on their opinions about the department, health professionals and amenities, with response options ranging from 1 (very bad to 5 (very good. The relationships between domains from the questionnaire and socio-demographic factors were examined using a t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results: The response rate was 78%. The patients showed a slightly higher mean score (m for factors in the medical care domain than did the patient representatives (m = 4.51 vs. m = 4.27; p = 0.014. The mean score of all the items in all domains was 4.24; this allowed us to determine the difference from the overall mean (DIFM for medical care (DIFM = 0.18; p = 0.000, foods (DIFM = –0.31; p = 0.000, diagnostic tests (DIFM = –0.15; p = 0.036 and transport (DIFM = –0.41; p = 0.000. Respondents with a medium or higher educational level gave lower scores to the domains food (m = 3.74; p = 0.004, diagnostic tests (m = 3.72; p = 0.04 and transport (m = 3.62; p = 0.025 than those with lower educational levels. The domains facilities (m = 2.4; p = 0.04 and diagnostic tests (m = 3.63; p = 0.009 were given lower scores by those aged <50 years compared with older respondents. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the evaluation of the responders will allow the hospital management to make improvements in the quality of care.

Full Text Available Audience response systems (‘clickers’ are frequently used to promote participation in large lecture classes, and evidence suggests that they convey a number of benefits to students, including improved academic performance and student satisfaction. The limitations of these systems (such as limited access and cost can be overcome using students’ personal electronic devices, such as mobile phones, tablets and laptops together with text message, web- or app-based polling systems. Using questionnaires, we compare student perceptions of clicker and smartphone based polling systems. We find that students prefer interactive lectures generally, but those that used their own device preferred those lectures over lectures using clickers. However, device users were more likely to report using their devices for other purposes (checking email, social media etc. when they were available to answer polling questions. These students did not feel that this distracted them from the lecture, instead, concerns over the use of smartphones centred around increased battery usage and inclusivity for students without access to suitable technology. Our results suggest that students generally preferred to use their own devices over clickers, and that this may be a sensible way to overcome some of the limitations associated with clickers, although issues surrounding levels of distraction and the implications for retention and recall of information need further investigation.

Full Text Available Computational approaches are an integral part of interdisciplinary drug discovery research. Understanding the science behind computational tools, their opportunities, and limitations is essential to make a true impact on drug discovery at different levels. If applied in a scientifically meaningful way, computational methods improve the ability to identify and evaluate potential drug molecules, but there remain weaknesses in the methods that preclude naïve applications. Herein, current trends in computer-aided drug discovery are reviewed, and selected computational areas are discussed. Approaches are highlighted that aid in the identification and optimization of new drug candidates. Emphasis is put on the presentation and discussion of computational concepts and methods, rather than case studies or application examples. As such, this contribution aims to provide an overview of the current methodological spectrum of computational drug discovery for a broad audience.

Full Text Available MicroRNAs represent a class of small RNAs derived from polymerase II controlled transcriptional regions. The primary transcript forms one or several bulging double stranded hairpins which are processed by Drosha and Dicer into hetero-duplexes. The targeting microRNA strand of the duplex is incorporated into the RNA Induced Silencing Complex from where it silences up to hundreds of mRNA transcript by inducing mRNA degradation or blocking protein translation. Apart from involvement in a variety of biological processes, microRNAs were early recognized for their potential in disease diagnostics and therapeutics. Due to their stability, microRNAs could be used as biomarkers. Currently, there are microRNA panels helping physicians determining the origins of cancer in disseminated tumors. The development of microRNA therapeutics has proved more challenging mainly due to delivery issues. However, one drug is already in clinical trials and several more await entering clinical phases. This review summarizes what has been recognized pre-clinically and clinically on diagnostic microRNAs. In addition, it highlights individual microRNA drugs in running platforms driven by four leading microRNA-therapeutic companies.

Full Text Available MicroRNAs represent a class of small RNAs derived from polymerase II controlled transcriptional regions. The primary transcript forms one or several bulging double stranded hairpins which are processed by Drosha and Dicer into hetero-duplexes. The targeting microRNA strand of the duplex is incorporated into the RNA Induced Silencing Complex from where it silences up to hundreds of mRNA transcript by inducing mRNA degradation or blocking protein translation. Apart from involvement in a variety of biological processes, microRNAs were early recognized for their potential in disease diagnostics and therapeutics. Due to their stability, microRNAs could be used as biomarkers. Currently, there are microRNA panels helping physicians determining the origins of cancer in disseminated tumors. The development of microRNA therapeutics has proved more challenging mainly due to delivery issues. However, one drug is already in clinical trials and several more await entering clinical phases. This review summarizes what has been recognized pre-clinically and clinically on diagnostic microRNAs. In addition, it highlights individual microRNA drugs in running platforms driven by four leading microRNA-therapeutic companies.

The study recommended that the scheme be extended for another cycle of ... stakeholders' perception of the Nigeria fertilizer sector that the product did not ... activity of the inhabitants is farming and trading. .... Bank of Industry Nigerian Investment Forum, London. ... International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Rural.

Full Text Available This work represents the motor testing results within the two groups of wrestlers and boxers who are current members of national team. The results of mentioned testing show the existence of signifi cant differences in the motor space and therefore emphasize the statistical meaning. The wrestlers’ group attains values of the measured variables very close to the results that are published by the other authors, meanwhile the boxers group fails behind world’s standards.

A considerable amount of resources has been devoted at the international level during the last few decades, to the generation of experimental databases in order to provide reference information for the understanding of reactor safety relevant phenomenologies and for the development and/or assessment of related computational methodologies. The extent to which these databases are preserved and can be accessed and retrieved is an issue of major concern. This paper provides an outline of the JRC databases preservation initiative and a description of the supporting web-based computer platform STRESA. (author)

factors that predicted respondent choice of HIV/AIDS: race, especially being a ... addressed here is how ordinary citizens in South Africa currently perceive the ... in the face of the massive epidemic and a weak health care system; the holistic .... (coded 1 for Black African and 0 for all others), and education (coded on an 8 ...

Emerging Role of Information Communication Technologies in Extension Service Delivery in Nigeria: A Review .... technology and Telecommunication/computer technology. Broadcast .... integrated cassava project. Its information is based on ...

Abstracted by: EBSCOhost, Electronic Journals Service (EJS), ... source of information on fish farming since the farmers were brought together ... example, the provision of fingerlings to stock ponds, pond fertilization and food provision .... this fact that the internet and library are still an elitist communication media for most.

of market for rabbits among others was made available. ... Table 1: Distribution of respondents according to management and breeding practices used .... extension contact (M=3.81), labour intensive production (M=3.61), high cost of feeding.

A data-driven method was applied to Au+Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV made with the STAR detector at RHIC to isolate pseudorapidity distance Delta eta-dependent and Delta eta-independent correlations by using two- and four-particle azimuthal cumulant measurements. We identified a Delta eta-independent component of the correlation, which is dominated by anisotropic flow and flow fluctuations. It was also found to be independent of. within the measured range of pseudorapidity vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1. In 20-30% central Au+Au collisions, the relative flow fluctuation was found to be 34% +/- 2%(stat.) +/- 3%(sys.) for particles with transverse momentum p(T) less than 2 GeV/c. The Delta eta-dependent part, attributed to nonflow correlations, is found to be 5% +/- 2%(sys.) relative to the flow of the measured second harmonic cumulant at vertical bar Delta eta vertical bar > 0.7. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

A search is conducted for both resonant and non-resonant high-mass new phenomena in dielectron and dimuon final states. The search uses 3.2 fb-1of proton–proton collision data, collected at √s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015. The dilepton invariant mass is used as the discriminating variable. No significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction is observed; therefore limits are set on the signal model parameters of interest at 95% credibility level. Upper limits are set on the cross-section times branching ratio for resonances decaying to dileptons, and the limits are converted into lower limits on the resonance mass, ranging between 2.74 TeV and 3.36 TeV, depending on the model. Lower limits on the ℓℓqq contact interaction scale are set between 16.7 TeV and 25.2 TeV, also depending on the model.

A measurement of the total ppcross section at the LHC at √s=8TeV is presented. An integrated luminosity of 500 μb-1 was accumulated in a special run with high-β beam optics to measure the differential elastic cross section as a function of the Mandelstam momentum transfer variable t. The measurement is performed with the ALFA sub-detector of ATLAS. Using a fit to the differential elastic cross section in the -t range from 0.014GeV2 to 0.1GeV2 to extrapolate t→0, the total cross section, σtot(pp →X), is measured via the optical theorem to be σtot(pp→ X) = 96.07±0.18 (stat.)±0.85 (exp.)± 0.31 (extr.) mb, where the first error is statistical, the second accounts for all experimental systematic uncertainties and the last is related to uncertainties in the extrapolation t→0. In addition, the slope of the exponential function describing the elastic cross section at small t is determined to be B =19.74 ±0.05 (stat.) ±0.23 (syst.) GeV-2.

Searches are reported for Higgs bosons in the context of either the standard model extended to include a fourth generation of fermions (SM4) with masses of up to 600 GeV or fermiophobic models. For the former, results from three decay modes (tau tau, WW, and ZZ) are combined, whilst for the latter the diphoton decay is exploited. The analysed proton-proton collision data correspond to integrated luminosities of up to 5.1 inverse femtobarns at 7 TeV and up to 5.3 inverse femtobarns at 8 TeV. The observed results exclude the SM4 Higgs boson in the mass range 110-600 GeV at 99% confidence level (CL), and in the mass range 110-560 GeV at 99.9% CL. A fermiophobic Higgs boson is excluded in the mass range 110-147 GeV at 95% CL, and in the range 110-133 GeV at 99% CL. The recently observed boson with a mass near 125 GeV is not consistent with either an SM4 or a fermiophobic Higgs boson.

Measurements of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC provide direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching. In a sample of lead–lead collisions at √sNN corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 7 μb-1, ATLAS has measured jets with a calorimeter system over the pseudorapidity interval |η|<2.1 and over the transverse momentum range 38

T<210 GeV. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm with values for the distance parameter that determines the nominal jet radius of R=0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The centrality dependence of the jet yield is characterized by the jet “central-to-peripheral ratio,” RCP. Jet production is found to be suppressed by approximately a factor of two in the 10% most central collisions relative to peripheral collisions. RCP varies smoothly with centrality as characterized by the number of participating nucleons. The observed suppression is only weakly dependent on jet radius and transverse momentum. These results provide the first direct measurement of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions and complement previous measurements of dijet transverse energy imbalance at the LHC.

A search for long-lived particles is performed using a data sample of 4.7 fb-1 from proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy √s=7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. No excess is observed above the estimated background and lower limits, at 95% confidence level, are set on the mass of the long-lived particles in different scenarios, based on their possible interactions in the inner detector, the calorimeters and the muon spectrometer. Long-lived staus in gauge-mediated SUSY-breaking models are excluded up to a mass of 300 GeV for tan β= 5-20. Directly produced long-lived sleptons are excluded up to a mass of 278 GeV. R-hadrons, composites of gluino (stop, sbottom) and light quarks, are excluded up to a mass of 985 GeV (683 GeV, 612 GeV) when using a generic interaction model. Additionally two sets of limits on R-hadrons are obtained that are less sensitive to the interaction model for R-hadrons. One set of limits is obtained using only the inner detector and calorimeter observables, and a second set of limits is obtained based on the inner detector alone.

A search for the electroweak pair production of charged sleptons and weak gauginos decaying into final states with two leptons is performed using 4.7 fb-1 of proton–proton collision data at √s = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. No significant excesses are observed with respect to the prediction from Standard Model processes. In the scenario of direct slepton production, if the sleptons decay directly into the lightest neutralino, left-handed slepton masses between 85 and 195 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for a 20 GeV neutralino. Chargino masses between 110 and 340 GeV are excluded in the scenario of direct production of wino-like chargino pairs decaying into the lightest neutralino via an intermediate on-shell charged slepton for a 10 GeV neutralino. The results are also interpreted in the framework of the phenomenological minimal supersymmetric Standard Model.

Clean tests of a small admixture of right-handed quark currents directly coupled to the standard W are still lacking. We show that such non-standard couplings can be significantly constrained measuring the value of the scalar Kpi form factor at the Callan-Treiman point to a few percent. A realistic prospect of such a measurement in K^L_{mu3} decay based on an accurate dispersive representation of the scalar form factor is presented. The inadequacy of the currently used linear parametrisation ...

Many models of new physics, including versions of supersymmetry (SUSY), predict production of events with low missing transverse energy, electroweak gauge bosons, and many energetic final-state particles. The stealth SUSY model yields this signature while conserving R-parity by means of a new hidden sector in which SUSY is approximately conserved. The results of a general search for new physics, with no requirement on missing transverse energy, in events with two photons and four or more hadronic jets are reported. The study is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV corresponding to 4.96 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected with the CMS detector in 2011. Based on good agreement between the data and the standard model expectation, the data are used to determine model-independent cross-section limits and a limit on the squark mass in the framework of stealth SUSY. With this first study of its kind, squark masses less than 1430 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level.

A search for high-mass resonances decaying into tau-lepton pairs is performed using a data sample of pp collisions at $ \\sqrt{s}=7 $ TeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 inverse femtobarns. The number of observed events is in agreement with the standard model prediction. An upper limit on the product of the resonance cross section and branching fraction into tau-lepton pairs is calculated as a function of the resonance mass. Using the sequential standard model resonance Z'(SSM) and the superstring-inspired E(6) model with resonance Z'(psi) as benchmarks, resonances with standard model couplings with masses below 1.4 and 1.1 TeV, respectively, are excluded at 95% confidence level.

The results of a search for the pair production of a fourth-generation up-type quark (t') in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV are presented, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 5.0 inverse femtobarns collected by the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment at the LHC. The t' quark is assumed to decay exclusively to a W boson and a b quark. Events with a single isolated electron or muon, missing transverse momentum, and at least four hadronic jets, of which at least one must be identified as a b jet, are selected. No significant excess of events over standard model expectations is observed. Upper limits for the t' anti-t' production cross section at 95% confidence level are set as a function of t' mass, and t'-quark production for masses below 570 GeV is excluded. The search is equally sensitive to nonchiral heavy quarks decaying to Wb. In this case, the results can be interpreted as upper limits on the production cross section times the branching fraction to Wb.

Results are reported from a search for the production of three-jet resonances in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The study uses the data sample collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2011, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 inverse femtobarns. Events with high jet multiplicity and a large scalar sum of jet transverse momenta are analyzed for the presence of resonances in the three-jet invariant mass spectrum. No evidence for a narrow resonance is found in the data, and limits are set on the cross section for gluino pair prediction in an R-parity-violating supersymmetry model, for gluino masses greater than 280 GeV. Assuming a branching fraction for gluino decay into three jets of 100%, gluino masses below 460 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. These results significantly extend the range of previous limits.

The present article highlights the effect of dietary prebiotics viz., dietary organic acid (OA) supplements, mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) and β-glucan supplementation on different body growth parameters of poultry birds at their various growing stages. The article stresses on the effect on live body weight gain, dressing percentage, weight of vital organs and muscles and mean villus lengths in digestive tract of poultry birds along with their application as growth promoters in commercial poul...

Full Text Available The green micro-alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is an elegant model organism to study oxygenic photosynthesis. Chlorophyll (Chl and heme are major tetrapyrroles that play an essential role in photosynthesis and respiration. These tetrapyrroles are synthesized via a common branched pathway that involves mainly enzymes, encoded by nuclear genes. One of the enzymes in the pathway is Mg chelatase (MgChel. MgChel catalyzes insertion of Mg2+ into protoporphyrin IX (PPIX, proto to form Magnesium-protoporphyrin IX (MgPPIX, Mgproto, the first biosynthetic intermediate in the Chl branch. The GUN4 (genomes uncoupled 4 protein is not essential for the MgChel activity but has been shown to significantly stimulate its activity. We have isolated a light sensitive mutant, 6F14, by random DNA insertional mutagenesis. 6F14 cannot tolerate light intensities higher than 90-100 μmol photons m-2 s-1. It shows a light intensity dependent progressive photo-bleaching. 6F14 is incapable of photo-autotrophic growth under light intensity higher than 100 μmol photons m-2 s-1. PCR based analyses show that in 6F14 the insertion of the plasmid outside the GUN4 locus has resulted in a genetic rearrangement of the GUN4 gene and possible deletions in the genomic region flanking the GUN4 gene. Our gun4 mutant has a Chl content very similar to that in the wild type in the dark and is very sensitive to fluctuations in the light intensity in the environment unlike the earlier identified Chlamydomonas gun4 mutant. Complementation with a functional copy of the GUN4 gene restored light tolerance, Chl biosynthesis and photo-autotrophic growth under high light intensities in 6F14. 6F14 is the second gun4 mutant to be identified in C. reinhardtii. Additionally, we show that our two gun4 complements over-express the GUN4 protein and show a higher Chl content per cell compared to that in the wild type strain.