Since cognitive ability is important for driving, this study investigated whether strengthening cognition, more specific working memory, influences cognitive and driving ability in a positive way. The present study focused on older drivers since with age there is a decrease in cognitive ability. Twenty drivers (aged 65+) were allocated to a control or an experimental group and performed a working memory training at home for 25 consecutive days.
Before and after the training, participants were measured on working memory, response inhibition and visual attention in a cognitive test battery. Afterwards, their driving ability was measured in a driving simulator.
Results showed that training improved working memory, inhibition and visual attention for all participants. Further, the training improved driving ability of all participants in the experimental group, showing a decreased gap acceptance during post-test. However, these results can be influenced by learning-effect. Especially for crashes, the experimental group showed better results in the post-test than the control group, indicated by a larger decrease of crashes. These results and their implications will be discussed.
Keywords: Working Memory, Driving Simulator, Older Drivers, Driving ability, Cognitive ability
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