According to Diogens Laertius, the body was composed of (1) a mortal part; (2) a divine and ethereal part, called the phrn; and (3) an aërial and vaporous part, called the thumos.

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According to the Romans, man has a threefold soul, which at the dissolution of the body resolves itself into (1) the Manes; (2) the Anima or Spirit; (3) the Umbra. The Manes went either to Elysium or Tartarus; the Anima returned to the gods; but the Umbra hovered about the body as unwilling to quit it.