The Syllabus for the 2nd Professional MBBS Course in Pathology is based on the Curriculum prescribed by the Medical Council of India

A) GOAL

The broad goal of the teaching of undergraduate student in Pathology is to provide the students with a comprehensive knowledge of the mechanisms and causes of disease, in order to enable him/her to achieve complete understanding of the natural history and clinical manifestations of disease.

B) OBJECTIVES

a)Knowledge

At the end of the course, the student should be able to :-

(1) describe the structure and ultrastructure of a sick cell, mechanisms of cell degeneration, cell death and repair and be able to correlate structural and functional alterations.

(2) explain the pathophysiological processes which govern the maintenance of homeostasis, mechanisms of their disturbance and the morphological and clinical manifestations associated with it.

(3) . describe the mechanisms and patterns to tissue response to injury such that she/he can appreciate the pathophysiology of disease processes and their clinical manifestations.

(4). correlate normal and altered morphology (gross and microscopic) of different organ systems in common diseases to the extent needed for understanding of disease processes and their clinical significance.

b)Skills

At the end of the course, the student should be able to:-

(1) . describe the rationale and principles of technical procedures of the diagnostic laboratory tests and interpretation of the results;

(2)perform the simple bed-side tests on blood, urine and other biological fluid samples;

(3)draw a rational scheme of investigations aimed at diagnosing and managing the cases of common disorders;

(4) understand biochemical/physiological disturbances that occur as a result of disease in collaboration with pre clinical departments.

c)Integration

At the end of training he/she should be able to integrate the causes of disease and relationship of different etiological factors (social, economic and environmental) that contribute to the natural history of diseases most prevalent in India.

Lecture classes: 100 hours

Each Lecture class will be of one hour duration. The important aspects of each topic are given below

Practical Note Book will have to be submitted during Item and Part clearance

Model Question for 2nd Prof. MBBS Exam. In Pathology

Time : 2 hours Paper – I Total marks – 40

There are four groups of questions. Answer each group in separate answer papers provided.

Group – A

1. A male child of 2 years age presents with recurrent swelling of knees which occur even after trivial trauma. The family history shows that his maternal uncle also suffered from same conditions.

a)What may be the possible diagnosis ?

b)How will you proceed to investigate this patient to come to a diagnosis ? 1+9=10

Group – B

2. Define shock. Enumerate the major types of shock that we encounter in our day to day practice Describe the pathogenesis of shock in burns. 2+2+6=10

Or

Define necrosis. Enumerate different morphological types of necrosis with two examples each. How necrosis differs from apoptosis ? 2+5+3=10

Group – C

3. Define neoplasia. Enumerate different types of carcinogens with two examples each. Explain with example that carcinogenesis is a multi-step phenomena. 2+4+4=10

Or

Mention the criteria for diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus. Describe the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes. What is glycosylated Hemoglobin ? 4+4+2=10

Group – D

4. Write short notes (any five of the following) 5x2 = 10

a)Significance of Reticulocyte count

b)Poikilocytosis

c)Peripheral blood smear findings in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

d)Phlebothrombosis

e)Neutrophilic Alakaline Phosphatase

f)Definition and two examples of Metaplasia

Paper – II

Time : 2 hours Total marks – 40

There are four groups of questions. Answer each group in separate answer papers provided.

Group – A

1. A 45-year-old man was rushed to the hospital following an episode of crushing substernal chest pain with breathing difficulty. An urgent ECG was done which showed elevation of ST segment with deep Q wave.

a) What may be the possible diagnosis ?

c)What other investigations will you suggest for evaluation of this case ?

d)Enumerate the common complications that may arise in this case 1+7+2 = 10

Group – B

2.Classify Glomerulonephritis. Describe the morphological changes in the kidney in a child of 10 years of age suffering from Nephrotic syndrome 4+6 =10

Or

Enumerate the viruses that can cause hepatitis. Discuss the significance of serological study in a case of hepatitis B. Enumerate the common complications of hepatitis B infection 2+6+2=10

Group – C

3.Classify lung tumors. Describe the morphological changes in any one of them. Enumerate the steps of investigations to arrive at a diagnosis. 3+4+3=10

Or

Enumerate the morphological types of gastric carcinoma. Describe the Microscopical features of any one of them. What are the common sites of spread of a gastric carcinoma ? Enumerate the steps of diagnosis in a suspected case of gastric cancer. 2+3+2+3 =10

Group – D

4. Write short notes (any five of the following) 5x2 = 10

a)Involucrum

b) Ghon’s focus

c) CSF in pyogenic meningitis

d) Morphology of Dermoid cyst of ovary

e) PSA

f) Reed-Sternberg cell

Model Problem Cards:

I.

Name: Mrs. S. Tarafdar

Age: 22 years Sex: Female

Address: 32/1 AJC Bose Road, Kolkata – 14

Report on examination of urine

Physical: Appearance: Hazy

Sp. Gravity: Q. I.

Odour: Fishy

Sediment: Present

Chemical: Reducing subst. Nil

Protein: Present

Ketone bodies: Nil

Microscopical: Epithelial cells: 3-4 cells / HPF

Pus cells: 10-15 cells / HPF

RBC: 2-3 cells / HPF

Casts: Nil

Crystals: Nil

Signature

______________________________________________________________

Q1. What is the patient likely to be suffering from? 1

Q2. What would be the specific gravity of urine in this case and why ? 1

Q3. How will you confirm the cause leading to this condition ? 1

Q4. What is the appearance of the kidney if the patient suffers for a prolonged time ? 1

II. Name: P. Mudi

Age: 12 years Sex: Female

Report of examination of Blood

Hemoglobin: 9 g/dL

ESR: 12 mm at 1 hr.

TLC: 8600/Cu. mm

DLC: Neutrophil 53 %

Lymphocyte 39 %

Monocyte 03 %

Eosinophil 05 %

RBC: Microcytic hypochromic

Anisocytosis +

Poikilocytosis +

Platelets: Adequate

Signature

Q1. What is the clinical condition of this patient ? 1

Q2. Mention two common causes that may lead to such blood picture. 1

Q3. Enumerate further tests you would like to do to come to a definite diagnosis 1

Q4. If you examine the stool of this patient what pertinent findings may be present ? 1

III.

Name: Hafiz Mondal

Age: 15 years

Sex Male

Patient is referred from the ENT OPD of NRS Medical College for

FNAC of neck glands

Report on examination of FNAC of cervical lymph node

Smears show necrotic material and epithelioid cells in aggregate

Signature

Q1. What is the provisional diagnosis ? 1

Q2. How will you confirm the diagnosis ? 1

Q3. Draw a labeled diagram of microscopic features of such lymph node 2

IV

Name: T. Ali

Age: 24 years

Sex: Male

Report on examination of CSF

Physical: Appearance: Hazy

Pressure: Coming out in jet flow

Chemical: Glucose: 20 mg/dL

Protein: 75 mg/dL

Microscopical: Total cell count: 350 cells/cu mm

Signature

Q1. What is the condition this patient is suffering from ? 1

Q2. What type of cells do you expect in microscopical examination of CSF ? 1

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