The nation's top Catholic bishops will convene this week in Baltimore to choose a new leader, a decision that will help set the course for an American church striving to build its appeal while grappling with stances on immigration and contraception coverage.

The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops expects close to 300 active and retired members as it holds its annual convention at the Waterfront Marriott Hotel. Cardinal Timothy Dolan of New York is to begin the four-day gathering Monday with his final address as president after serving a three-year term.

The bishops will elect Dolan's successor Tuesday from a slate of 10 nominated bishops — including Baltimore Archbishop William E. Lori.

It will be a telling decision at a key time in church history. This week's meeting is the first during the tenure of Pope Francis, the first Latin American-born pontiff and a man widely seen as offering a friendlier face to the non-Catholic world than many of his predecessors.

It also comes in the wake of Dolan's term, which many felt gave the bishops a more unified public presence than they had enjoyed in years.

"The presidency is a significant position, and Dolan's term shows how significant it can be," said Rocco Palmo, editor of Whispers in the Loggia, a widely read blog on the Roman Catholic Church. "He truly took ownership as voice of the [organization]. Whoever comes next will have immensely big shoes to fill."

The active bishops present will vote by secret electronic ballot. Any candidate receiving a simple majority during the first two rounds will be chosen. Dolan's successor takes office at noon on Thursday, the official close of the assembly.

Dolan's election three years ago stunned members of the church across the country because it shattered what Palmo called an "ironclad precedent" dating back more than half a century.

Since 1956, every vice president of the organization — a body composed of the active and retired members of the church's U.S. hierarchy — who stood for election was chosen.

Gerald Kicanas, Bishop of Tucson, Ariz., was vice president at the time, a position he had held since 2007, when he narrowly defeated Dolan for that job.

When the conference chose Dolan over Kicanas at the 2010 general assembly, it was less a repudiation of Kicanis than a vote of confidence for Dolan, said Palmo, who has broken news of several high-profile church appointments before the church announced them.

As archbishop of New York, Dolan held a high-profile position and was known as a master of the media landscape, according to Palmo.

"He made his name in books and interviews," Palmo said. Dolan's fellow bishops apparently concluded those were the qualities they wanted at a time when the church was still in the early stages of recovering from the aftermath of its child sexual abuse scandals, Palmo said.

"He was viewed as a voice that couldn't be ignored on the media landscape, and they believed it was time to amplify the presidency," Palmo said, adding he believes the bishops don't know whom they'll vote for until they convene in Baltimore.

This year's general assembly, as always, will see the prelates addressing a variety of matters of concern to the church. One committee will introduce the idea of having the body develop a formal position on pornography.

Another will assess the progress of "the new evangelization," a broad-based framework of action the bishops adopted last year to encourage members to return to Scripture, re-energize their personal faith, then turn their energies to outreach efforts.

Bishops also will elect chairmen of five important committees, which Don Clemmer, a conference spokesman, said is nearly as important as their selection of a new president.

"The bishops will be choosing their leadership, and that doesn't just mean the president and vice president, but also the bishops who will take the lead on a range of issues represented by different committees in the years ahead," he said.

Committees play a powerful role in the organization, setting the agendas for issues such as church doctrine, international justice and cultural diversity.

Committees on church governance and child protection are among the five to see new leaders chosen this week; in all, the organization has 15 formal committees.

Behind the scenes, Palmo said, he expects the bishops to try to hammer out a consensus position on the contraception mandate in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act — rules by which some Catholic-supported institutions would be required to help pay for patients' contraception in violation of the church's long-standing opposition to the practice.

Other issues making news could also be subjects of discussion at the conference.

For instance, last week Dolan voiced concerns about the pace of immigration reform in America, noting the suffering of immigrants and their families. According to the Catholic News Service, Dolan penned a letter to the House of Representatives calling on members to address reform legislation "ideally prior to the end of the calendar year."

Also last week, three chairmen of bishops' committees — including Lori — wrote in opposition to the Employment Non-Discrimination Act of 2013 (ENDA), passed by the Senate. Lori, with Bishop Stephen Blaire and Archbishop Salvatore Cordileone, both of California, wrote while "the Catholic Church has consistently stood with workers ... and continues to oppose unjust discrimination in the workplace," the ENDA is unacceptable because, they said, it supports a definition of marriage that includes same sex unions, encompasses sexual conduct outside marriage and would threaten religious liberty.

And in a letter to all bishops last week, a coalition of Catholic activists urged continued support for the Catholic Campaign for Human Development, an anti-poverty organization. The campaign has fallen under criticism for working with groups that don't necessarily share church teachings on social issues, according to the Catholic News Service. CNS said the coalition's call for continued aid was slated to appear as a full-page ad Nov. 11 in The Baltimore Sun.

Nothing is likely to say more about the church's priorities, however, than the election of the president. The slate of candidates includes, in addition to Lori, Joseph E. Kurtz, the widely beloved archbishop of Louisville, Ky, who is currently the conference's vice president.

The group also includes Archbishop Charles J. Chaput of Philadelphia — a new twist, Palmo said, in that he and Lori are the only two candidates from the northeastern dioceses that once dominated every slate. Lori's office did not respond to a request for comment.

The presence of such figures as Cardinal Daniel N. DiNardo of Galveston-Houston and Archbishop Jose H. Gomez of Los Angeles, he said, signals an acknowledgment that the center of gravity of the Catholic Church population in America has shifted decidedly south and west over the past two or three decades.

DiNardo is the first cardinal in the history of Texas, and Gomez — a native of Mexico who has helped spearhead the bishops' widely publicized support for immigration reform — oversees a diocese of 5 million people, easily the largest in the nation.

The Walters Art Museum announced Tuesday that it has achieved an important financial milestone by wrapping up a $30 million fundraising campaign that began just two weeks before the 2008 stock market collapse.