To link to the entire object, paste this link in email, IM or documentTo embed the entire object, paste this HTML in websiteTo link to this page, paste this link in email, IM or documentTo embed this page, paste this HTML in website

SEBVINC; a $4QBOOQ88 A YEAR INBUSTRY
:HEHIT\O""_"""'"""""
tij
'''''::li·
:::::X
j iiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiijjiiiiiiiiiiiiijj
::iB#
is·:? " asi
18#i
IPiI
#8#:n:
j:ii:i)iliiiiB3iiiiiiiiia#iix
iijj:': ai '""'."
ii ::
-:--t:s 18:j:::I:::f:t
::::::8:::18j::i
;si:
QliiI8B88i888iQOBiiQii-s#:::
::f:::::::::8E ii188888888888 aljliliiiiiiiii5i:
;:::::::::::::::j::::j:i:i:#88 i:
:::8::i:i:i:i:i:il::::::::: ·I-·L...I-.I·)I-XO:·:0:·:·;-:-;;·;·
·
5
.'i-··-·'···I·I
;:ii::i::::::i:::::::i:i::::::I:Sli:i
::i.::::::::::i:j:::::::::::i:: :·:·:·:·:··I:··:·:·:
i·:·:·:·:·:·:·:.:li:::::·::::i::·::: :i:8:888885588888B[IBB[BBc::i:i:I:i:
:·:·:··r:·:·:·: '''
BitisiritiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliPiiiiiBii
3 :··:·:
'""'"" iSi:8 i:i:i:::::i:::il:l:l:::1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1
:I:1:1:i:i:i:ii:::i:i::I:::::18::t::::::
iiiiiiSiiiiliijiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
:::::::::::·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
·::::::::::::::I:::r:I:::I:i:i:i:I:ia i:i
X·5:-: ::·:
WiS:ssi:i:I:::::"'-:"'::::::":::i
t:I::i:::I:I:I:I:::::::.::·R
:::::·:·:·:::·:·:·:·:·:-:::::::::::
iiir
5·:·:·:-·····.·:·.:-:·:·:-:-:·:-: :·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:
:·:·:·:·:·:i··:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·I
::::::::::::::::::::::51:::l:l:l:i:i:i:
::::::::::::::::;:I:·::::::::::::::::: P#8#d ,:iiiiiiiiir::iiitllii!liiirjiiii'XI
"':'':':':':':':·:·:·······:·:·:·: :·:·:
ri:i:i:i:i:i:::::i::::1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:: :·:·:·:-:·;
r·:;:·:·:·:·:·:·:::.:.:::::.::::::::::::
j.jj
·I1Eiil
:.:·:.:.:·:·:·:·:·::I
RW nrml·:-·:··:·:·:·:·:-:-:·:·:.:·:::·::: 'I:::::1
CBaFaE Ce.sD ':I:l::::::a::::::::::g·
i:I:l:I:I:::I;:l:1:;8B8(k;ji:i:i::::: ... i,:-':i:::::::::j::::j:i:li:::::::Lj:'::::::::::::::::::::ji:l:i:':i:iSi:i:li::::::::::·::I::;1::
888888888BWWIRWWRRRRRR4999C·:::::::R:: """
iiijjji :?::·:;:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:
:::::::i::s::::::::::iaiElilildll
:::::::i:: :iiiii·lll1:i:i:I:I::.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.
,;;,1:
lalEW JERSEW :·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·::·r··:·::·:r·V·:·::-:
Ilp4
:I:l:l:l:18i:l:i:i:i:R:i:::::::i s. :#
::R :·:·:·:·:-x·:-:·:·:·:r·:-:·:-:·: isjfI
BPBPji ::::::::::n:::::::::a:::::::::: :i:
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: p:i:1::I:I:::::::i:i:::::j::i::::::::;'··::··;·;'·:;·.·.·.·.·.v.·.·.·.·.-.:.
::::ii :::::::;i:·:r:·::::i:::::·::::i:::::::j:
·i:::i:i:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::! :.:.:.:.:.:.:.:::::::::::::::::::::::::: :·:·:·:·;·:·:·:·:·:·:;·;·:·::·:·:·
:·:·:·:·:·:·: :::;::::: :::yj:::
WISCONSBM
iiiiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiii.)iijiiiiiiiiiii ::::::::;:;:;:;:;:;:;:':':':':':':':':':':' ;*"-.'lm;.·.·..·.·.·.·.··.·.·.·.·.
:·:·:·:·:·: ::::::::::::.:.:.:::i:::::::::IiIiiiBiii:iii:iii:i:i:i:iii:i:i:ii ::::: Yi::i:·:i::r::,:Ri:i:i8::::·::::i::::::::I:::::::l:ii:l:IW
:p:::::::::::::i:::I:i:i:i:i:i:::ii::: :i4::::i
:::::::::::::: :j: .:.:.:.:':':':':':':j::::::::::::::::::: :::s::r:::::r::;:· II:.:I:I :::-::::::-:.::::::-;:·:-:::·:i::::::·::L-:i·:·:'·'"'·'·'··:::::::i:::::::::::::i::::::::: Y:i::::::::2::I:I:J:1R::i:i:i:i::;;:1:a:::I:
'''''"'''I'''
':';';';''''':·'·'``·''·'·':'·'·':':'::::::::6::::::::B:::::::i::;I::::':'::
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHi :i:::::::::::: i:l:l:l:fE:i:i:i:Bi:i:i:i:i::::::l:ff:1::
::::::·:::::::·::::::::;:::;:;:;:·:·:·:· ::::::::: ,......:.....:.:.:.:.
:I:·:::::·::::::::::::I:::::::::::·:·:··:I:i:i:i:i:i:i:i::::::::::r:::::I:1:r::: .......:::::
j::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·::::i:::.·.·:·:·:···:·: :·:·:·:
·:i:i:i:::::::::::::i::l:l:I:l:
i:l::l:i:i:i:i:i:i:i::::::::::l:I:l:l:
iijiiii:jjiijijiiiijjiiiiiiijiijiiji::::·:i::::::::::::::::::i:::::::::::::: :j: :Y w:IMi: :::::,
:::i::::::i::::::::::::i::3 :·;:·:::::::
;:.:.:;:.:.:I::::::::::::::: ;·.·-)······.· :·:·:·:·:·:·:-:·:
:'':':'':':':':':':':':·:·:::::::::::: :::::::::::::i:i:::::::::::::: :: ···.··.·I:::::::::::i::::::::::::::::::::::::;:::
::;:;:;:·:;:':·:·:·:·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;:::::'
::·:.:
2:::':::::::i:,:i:I::i:l:ii:idt:iBiil:i:i:i:i:i::::l:::I:::::lj:
$I ) W E B O N :::::::::;:;:;:;:·:·::::::::::::::::::::
::i::::·:·:·:·:·:::::;::::::;::
::::::::;:::: .ilj.jiil::5::::iji:::r::::::i::::::::
1::il:l:i:I:I:i:iS1Ili:::::::;:;:;::: Ygc::::::::::::i:aibiii:1:j.:::::::
:,.:.:.:.:·:·;·;·;·;·.·.·;·.·.·.·.1.....:::::::I:I:::j:j:i:j:I:i:i:i:i:i:i:::::i ·r:·:·:·:.Yi·:·:·'·.·.Jo-·.·.·-;·'-·:·:·I
i::::::::i::::;:::.:.:.:.:.:.:::::::::
;·.·.·.·...·.1...1.1.1.1.
:·:·:·:
·
:::::, ;aii Bt·:;ijiiiiiiiDIIlirliiiit:3::
:·: :1:1:1:1:i:i:i:i:i:i:i:::i:i:::::il:I::: :·:5·:·::·:·:
·-··I:I:tsn:1:ri:I:I:I:i:si:i:::::::j:::r:
:·:::::::·:::::::::: :·.·.,;::::::;:·:::::::··
:::::::::1:l::i:i:l:i:i:i:i::::::::::::::i:i:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ;:·:;:·:·;:::·:·:·.·;·;·.·.·.
.·.;·.·.u.r
lij%
::::·:::i:a::::::::::::::;::j:i::·:·:,: :.:.·;·9:::p:::1:j-::·::2 ::::::::i::::::::::;i:::::::R:::
:·: .;.:.:.:.:.;......1..::...::;:·:;:;:·:.: :'·:''·'··;2:·:·:I:·:·:·::':::::::i:::
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;:::;:::;:·:::::.:
··
:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:;:;:;:;:::::-:.:.::::::I:::::::::l:i:::
:·: .:,:::,, ,:::i:i:i:.:l:i:l:l::·::::::ii::: :j:::::::::::::::::::::·:.::::::::
:::::::::::::::::::::.:;:;:.:.:::I:::::: u:::::::::::l:::::::i;:l:i:
·
:···.:::::::::i·:::::::·::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::I:I:I:I:i:i:i:i:i:::i:::i:::: :·:·:·:·:·:· I:r:r:i:riigrilililliiiiiiiiii?Pc::
·. ................ :i:i:1 oo:::
:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:::·::
::::::::::::1:1:::1:I;:;:;:::::::.::::::
i:i:i:i:i:::i:::::::::i:::::jli
a:::::;
:::·:·:·:-:·:·:':':;';':':':'·:·'·'· ::::::::::::;:;:·:;:::::·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·: :;.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::
::1:1:1:1::::::::::::::::::::::::::::·:: '··'·'·'·'·` '·:·:·:·:···I·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·
-·····'··'·:·:·'-:·:·:·:·:··············
··--:::::·
: I:II·::::::::::8::ii:):::::::::::::::::
'LCtNBERRY BFB" is the Big Fall Fashion color, shown in Magazines and Fashion
stores evewwhere as in this disalay (see sr3r on Ige 4).
40 Cents OCTOBER, 1963
DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS
Worcester Paper READ _ The
Box Corporation CRANBERRIES CHARLES W.HARRIS
MEDFORD, MASS. MAGAZINE Com
Tel. MYstic 8-5305 AN 451 Old Somerset Ave.
Built from $750. North Dighton, Mass.
Manufacturers WHEEL-OFF RIGS
FLUMES
^of 111II Built to Order * Irrigation Systems |
Folding Cartons Welder and Power I Sprinklers
Shovel Available i
a^~~~nrld~~~ — I rc~~Weedkillers
and Will do Custom Sanding Iseetiides
Displays OivaHannula Fungicies
-—_ Carver, Mass. UN 6-4419 I Kiekens -Duster and Sprayers U
WATER WHITE
K E R O S E N E Wareham Savings EQUPMENT
For use on Cranberry Bogs Bank HA
Also STODDARD SOLVENT WAREHAM and FALMOUTH SEPARATOR
-SEPARATOR
Prmpt Delivery Service Savings Accounts WAREHAM, MASS.
FraMonia Coal Co. Loans on Real Estate Irrigation Systems
riani a . ISafe Deposit Boxes to Rent PUMPS
Wareham, Mass. I Phone CYpress 5-3800 SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT
Tel. CY 5-0039 KImball 8-3000
_____________I
DARLINGTON
PICKING IMACHINES
The National Bank of Wareham
Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK
ALFRED PAPPI
At Screenhouses, Bogs and
Funds always available for sound loans Pumps Means Satisfaction
WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000
Complete Banking Service SUBSCRIBE TO
CRANBERRIES
Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.
Cranberries On berries will also !be on the list ofCranberry Growers UCranberriesOn plentiful foods for November.
CranherryGrowers USDA "Plentiful The list includes suggestions to
^ R l l to offer a preview in
Foods"5List merchants
Cranberry Institute has notified October to establish their stores as
handlers of cranberries that cran-"cranberry headquarters" for the
berries are included in the USDA holiday meals ahead, to spot fresh
Octcber plentiful foods list. The cranberries in the poultry depart
ff 1^ ~USDA distributes this material to ment to go with turkeys, broiler-
the public media-newspapers, mag-fryers, in bakery departments to in-
azines, radio and television, to dis-spire cranberry muffins and other
pf_\l tribution trade, institutional trade, cranberry-based baked items.
l •• •etc. is of real value.
1 This service TlopqUallty] Cranberries are listed for all three Proclaims "National
meals on the "Menu of the Month;"
breakfast, as apple, grape, cranberry School Lunch Week"
medley; lunch, cranberry juice; din-FRESH CRANBERRIES TO
ner, fresh cranberry 'pie and with BE INCLUDED AGAIN
extra emphasis for week beginning A proclamation by President
October27 bro s cran er-Kennedy to observe the week be-
Octoer 27, broiler-fryers, ginnig October 13 as "National
Robt. Y. Savary, Inc. es. School Lunch Week," has been made.
CHRYSLER -PLYMOUTH USDA notes the foods listed are For the past two years fresh cran-
Onset Ave. East Wareham expected to be in plentiful supply, _ _
CY 5-3530 throughout the United States. Cran-Western Pickers
_____ Parts and Repairs
1963 Mod
SHARON BOX COMPANY, INCAgent for
ESTABLISHED 1856
SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS J. E. BRALEY & SON
We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs. MACHINE SHOP
Either Standing or Cut 78 Gibbs Ave
* Highest Prices Paid * Wareham, Mass.
Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass.
i HAVE YOUR REPAIRS
Office Phones: Sharon, SU 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 DONE NOW
If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost
Use All Heart Redwood
60,000 Ft. on hand for
Prompt Delivery FOR EXPERT SERVICE
ON YOUR
|;6x8 -6x6 -4 x6 -4x4 Briggs & Strtten
BnS
Planking -Square Edged or Matched ENGINES
We use only factory-approved
2 x 4 -2 x 6 2x 8 2x 10 methods and original parts. Per.
sonnel are trained under factory
SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE oseromsplon See check-up
ousLor a
"DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" right.
(BRIfCS&STRATONi
Tel. RO 3-8811
E.W.Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MAIN STREET
MIDDI.LBORO ROAD EAST FR]EETOWN, MASS GARAGE
l Carver, Mass. Tel. UNion 64582
One
berries, to the value of approxi-
mately $2.6 million 'have been pur-
chased by the United iStates De-
partmetnt of Agriculture for use in
scihoil lunches. This year, the USDA
has informed Cranberry Institute, it
will purdhase an, as yet, another
undetermined quanity of fresh cran-
berries from the 1963 crop.
A White House press release an-
nounces nutritious lunches will be
served to some 16 million children
daily under this program, which was
introduced through Congressional
act in 1946. The program serves one
out of every three ichildren in the
United States.
Cumulatively, it is described as a
$1.25 billion food industry, serving
TAKE ADVANTAGE
2.7 billion lunches a year. It has
becolme ithe largest single food serv-
ice in the nation, and is essentially
a community effort, and is firther
described as lan effective use of
agricultural labundance and giving
expanded markets for farmers, food
industries and local businessmen.
The Federal Government contri-
butes some cash and food to schools
partiocipating in the program, the
Federal contribution amounting to
about 20 percent of the total ost,
the release states. Children's pay-
ments, which 'average about 27 cents
a lunch, take care of about 60 per-
cent of the cost. State and other
local sourices pay the remainder. It
is estimated four-fifths of this ood
. t.
is bought iby the schools in ther
cwn local mariets.
Lunlchooms are required to be
operated on a non-pofit basis, and
that free or reduced-price luches
be provided for children determined
by local school offcials to be un
able to pay the full price. Schools
taking part follow a men pattern
set up by the USDA, based on
trition ese h, nd usig t
pattern, local school rgram mana
gers plan their menus to include the
proper quantities of protein -rich
foods, fruits, and vegetables, bread,
butter or margarime and milk.
U"IDA Buys 70,000
BbIs. Fresh Berries
The United States Deparnment of
Agriculture has decided to buy 70,000
barrels of fresh 'cranberries for the
national school lunch progrm.
All handlers were invited to bid
on the amount, in wthole or panrt.
Bid has been awarded to Ocean
Spray Cranlberries for the 70,000 at
a price of $13.80 a'barrel. Last year
the purclhase was for nearly 100,000
barrels at la barrel price of $13.20.
Berries are to be screened and
in 25 pound caitons, and it
is understood they wtill be berries
from Massachusetts and Wisconsin.
Iyt is^ ialso udestood there were one
or two bids besides that of Ocean
Spray.
This is a sale lapproaching a million
dollars land reduces the fresh
.crop from the general market in
the iamount of 70,000 barrels.
Statement required by the Act of August
24, 1912, as amended by the acts of
March 3, 1933, July 2, 1946 and June
1960 (74 Stat. 208) showing the
ofownership, management, and circulation
CRANBERRIES, The National Cranberry
Magazine published monthly at
Wareham, Massachusetts for October,
1963.
1. The names and addresse's of the
publisher, editor, managing editor, and
business managers are:
Publisher-Clarence J. F. Hall, Wareham,
Mass. Editor--Clarence J. F. Hall,
Wareham Mass. Managing editor-Clarence
J. F. Hall, Wareham, Mass.
2. The owner is:
Clarence J. F. Hall, Wareham, Mass.
3. The known bondholders mortgagee's,
and other security holders owning
or holding 1 percent or more of total
amount of bonds, mortgages, or other
securities are:
None.
Total No. Copies Printed (Net Press
Run), average no. copies each issue
during preceding 12 months, 2100; Single'
Issue nearest to filing date, 2200; paid
circulation, average. by mail, carrier de
livery or by other means, 1730; nearest
issue, 1730; Sales through agents, news
dealers or otherwise, average, 25, nearest
issue, 25; Free distribution, by carrier,
delivery or other medans, 35, nearest
issue 35.
--DUCommonwealth of Massachusetts ---Plymouth,
S.S. September 18 1963
of the BETTER things of life.
The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of
t b r t s
these better things -efficient use in power for cran-
berry bog operations,
and in the hoe.
berry bog- operations,
and in the home.
-""—""—I •' — — —" "—packed
•E--—
'—1-—l"-1"—''"—-{-11
Dxymoii.k Fo~ Ce 0
roui~n\/_ rir
WAREHAM -PLYMOUTH
CYpress 5-0200 Pilgrim 6-1300
Hold P/ullfavor' T
'LJ OTuUVl~~f~av
/^l^^ '/ o lJ) |11,
yoL/urJu/ l cyu1 \JUtV\J t I iJ\A/Rerr
I OM NY
2·_
Nrd ~~o D .~~~~PANYPersonally appeared, Clarence' J. F.
U CT'S
Hall, and made oath that the statements
Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry... and him are true, before me'.
---7 _e
I _BtA Lsubscribed
'pepukar Best Foods Division grocery brands/for the consumer. BARTLETT E. CUSHING,
My commission expires April 4, 197(),
Two
—
Iass. lran erry
Station ad Field Notes
by CHESTER E. CROSS
irctor
Director
Crop In Early
The Massachusetts cranberry har-
vest iscompleted is
nearly ahis
being written ('Oct. 16). This is a
remarkably early date to speak in
such fashion, for it was just a year
ago that because there were still so
many growers with unpicked bogs,
the frost warning service was con-
tined until Nov. 7 and several gro-
ers were turning to water-harvesting
as a last resort to get the crop in.
How is this accounted for?
gbe
A warm, sunny early summer
gave us a fairly short, dry blooming
period in which bee activity proceed-
ed at top level day after day. Au-
guest brought more than normal
rainfall, and this was rather well
distri'buted throughout the month.
distribiutedh roughtut the month
·Coupleid with this is an important
point--on 22 days in August the
point-on 22
temiperature was subnormail,
temperature
was subnormal, onon 3
SUBSCRIPTIONS
U. S. $4.03 per year
Foreign $5.0 per year
$5.00 per year
ADVERTISING
foreign, m RequestCanadian
on y
growers. einformafftion
wite:
"^--~~-more it was normal, and on only 6
days did temperatures rise above
normal. Both temperature and rain-
fall combined to ripen our crop early
and well. By the 7th the harvest was
under way.
As so often happens, picking was
halted bly rain on the morning of
September 13 and could not be
-generally resumed until September
24! Measurable rain fell at the
berry Station on 15 days in Sept.
a trae ere te o oe.
and traces were noted on two others.
All this only adds to the astonishing
speed of harvest. There were only 9
or 10 picking days in Sept.
Octor Warm, Dry Againe
October is different again, with a2
return to dry summer weather. Only
one-fifth of an inch of rain has
fallen in the first 16 days and none
is in sight. While every effort should
made to conserve our dwindling
water supplies, it is my opinion bogsshould not be allowed to get too dry
right after harvest. Where water is
plentiful, get the trash flood on and
off; Where you have them use your
sprinkler systems to wet down the
vines which have been mauled in
harvesting.
Tooled To Harvest Fast
Finally, it appears that Massachu-
setts growers are "tooled up" to
harvest their crop in 20-25 days.
Current estimates indicate we have
To kill weed trees
picked our fourth-largest crop in
history and it is my opinion it was
picked in fewer days than in any
previous harvest.
Banldon Holds
17th Cranberry
Festival
queen of the 17th annual Ban-
den (Oregon) Cranberry Festival is
Donna Tucker. Blonde Donna was
sponsored Iby the Lion's Club, and is
the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Howard
Tucker. She succeeds Carole Camer11962
festival.
Winners in the Festival parade
were: school division, first, second
and third grade Ocean Crest School
float, "Shipping on the Coquille;"
'commercial division, W o o d a n d
Heights 'Shopping Center, first; civic
division, Gamma Lamba Chapter,
Myrtle Point, first; "kiddie" section
first costume, 'Ti'mpthy Pruett, dressed
as "andon Lighthouse;" vehicle
division, first Stanley Albertson, riding
his "Stanley Steamer;" pets division,
Gary Ellis 'as Davy Crockett
and his Ipet racoon.
There was a tie for the title of
"Queen of the kitchen" between Mrs.
Gene (Mary) 'Strain and Mrs. Kenneth
(Beverly) Ingram. 'Ribbon win-
around cranberry
berry Grower in all U.S. grow-Thste incorsmcomtrd
ing areas, plus individual sub-1 S tree injector is micro-metered
ctAddress: ue.J. Hall r D A K I
scribers in this country and for prescribed dosages.
kountry for
foreign, m os t I y Canadian
Cranberries Magazine, P. /
growers. al gr\ 0. For information and prices write:
Box 71, Wareham, pMass. 02571, iid
Address: IC. J. Hall
Cranberries Magazine, iP. O.
Box 71, Wareham, Mass. 02571,
Tels: 295-0027 Res. 295-9533 7 Clermont Ave., Trenton, N.J. 08618
Three
bogs use the lightweight easy to use
and pries
ners in the Cranberry Fair included,
Mrs. Mary Belle 'Shortridge, mixed
fruit; canning, Mrs. Beverly Ingram,
whole berries, served sauce, Mrs.
Mary Strain; Jam, Mrs. Ingram,
juice, Mrs. 'Nellie Anderson, decora-
tion, Mary Strain; pie contest, Mrs.
Jackie Wilson; junior, mixed fruit
relish, iTamsin Hanna. Fresh berries
were exhibited by William Panter
and Jackie Wilson.
Madge Hickam ,o Riverton receiv-
ed the high point over -all trophy with
the iBandon Broncs, local 4-1H horse
club.
The Biandon High School Tigers
defeated the Toledo Boomers in the
Cranberry Bowl game as part of the
Festival iby a score of 60-0.
The Festival theme was "Do You
Remem!ber," and first graders dress-
ed as little Indians in a float won
second place in the 'school division
of the parade as "Little iWild Indians
Ate Little Wild Cranberries."
The 'Mystery King of the Festival
proved to be the Rev. Tim Dalrym-
pie, pastor of the First Presbyterian
Church. Mrs. Don Dodrill received
the prize for having been the first to
guess the identity of the "Mystery
King," before he was unveiled.
"Cranberry Red"
Sweeps The Nation
rhis Fall
Cranberries and cranberry products
are receiving unique promotion from
the fashion world this season as de-
partmenrt stores "hi-style" Cranberry
Red for women, children and even
men. Stores from Coast to Coast have
lavish display Windows, (17 in May
Company, Hollywood, California.)
The displays feature women's ap-
parell of all kinds 'in "Cranberry
'^Red," and include accessories, such
as handbags, in red, shoes, scarves,
umbrellas, jewelry. To encourage the
'ili i J . .
fashion-food affinity, Ocean Spray has
provided display posters and products
(as shown in the cover picture) to
department stores and speciality
shops, 'and has offered prizes to the
most creative display, window and
in-store.
As a special bonus, Ocean Spray
will serve Cranberry Juice Cocktail
free for a 'day to patrons of the prize
winning stores. According to Miss
Betty Buchan, publicity director of
the cooperative, the deadline for
photographs of the displays is No-
vember first. Prices will be awarded
and the juice served during the holi-
day season.
EQUIPMENT
C & |L~ ll* ^f
. Q L. C u I I N I
191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS.
This use of the color "Cranberry
Red" goes way back to the days of
the Indians, who colored rugs with
the berry. Incidentally, any red
seems to be called "Cranberry Red,"
even to that color in old glassware.
We can only say this is "all grist to
the cranberry mill."
On
Rot In Storage
Te Oregon tate University Department
of Botany and Plant Pathology
is currently making tests to determine
the effectiveness of certain
c~~Ichemical treatments for the preven
tion of rots in cranberries during
storage. Coos County extension
agent Fred Hagelstein reports that
the work being done by Dr. Edward
K. Vaghan should help determine
whether various fungicides can aid
in cutting down storage losses of
dry picked and water harvested fruit
grown under Oregon conditions.
Various dip and spray treatments
including Harven, Verdan and several
experimental materials are being
included in the tests. These materials
showed promise in Vaughan's
preliminary trials conducted a year
ago.
Besides determining th e effectiveness
of these materials to control
storage rot breakdown, the trials
will determine whether there are
objectionable residues and also give
Cranberry Bog Service
PRUNING FERiTILIZING
RAKING WEED TRIMMINC
Machinery Sales
PRUNER$ POWER WHEELBARROWS
RAKES WEED TRIMMERS
FERTILIZER SPREADERS -Large & Small
CFor FurthllAK lnfAK•«1Qtion Chigh
For -.
Flurther Information Call•..
F. P. CRANION i. C. LEONARD
Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521
C.J. TRIPPRockwellWyian3-5526
Wyman 5-2013
C^~r--nbenKKUr ~indications concerning the economics
Rntfogo O ~ US
of the various chemical treatments.
Vaughan's trials will also incorporate
laboratory tests to determine the
influence of the chemicals on the
rate of respiration of the fruit, a
contributing factor to storage rot
breakdown
A grower advisory group in the
Bandon area is assisting with certain
phases of the trail and has
expressed need for longer storage
lie of cranberries. Vaughan's preliminary
data last year showed as
as 39% loss from storage rots
after atwo months storage period.
Plots for Vaughan's present trials
were located on the Jack Dean and
Jim Olsen bogs at Bandon. Each of
the chemical treatments is being
on Page 20)
|
.Wyman 5-2013(Continued
Four
Issue of October 1963 -Vol. 28 No. 6
Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $4.00, Foreign, $5.00 per year
Second Clau Postage Paid at Wareoam, Maseachueatt Post Office.
FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C.J. H.
M AS S A C HU S E T T S with the latter much more severe. in 46 years. It was noted that for the
This frost whitened uplands and turn-past 15 months, the persistent trend
Late Sept., Rainy ed foliage black, but neither frost has been towards colder weather,
September weather, from about the was really a "killer." Forecasts were but, of course, with some months not
16th on, was anything except favor-out for about 21.22.23 on those dates following the pattern.
able towards getting the cranberry and on the first night only about Rainfall Up
crop off the vines. The weather was 25 was generally reached. There was September was also a wetter than
mostly rain, about a dozen days of some cloud and some wind, particu-normal month, with precipitation, as
this, plus a couple of other mornings larly on the Cape. An estimate of the measured at the State Bog, being 4.40
when bogs were wet from having frost loss was made at State Bog of inches, average for September is 3.56.
been sprinkled or flooded the night perhaps 2500 barrels, some of which A good deal of this rain came in
previous for frost. can be salvaged as the berries slashing, vicious storms, more remi-
Month Sees 40 % Off touched were all Blacks. niscent of winter storms than of fall.
However progress was made and A Very Cold September Frost Oct. 1
where on the 16th it was estimated September was a very cold month First frost of the fall characterized
at least 25 percent of berries were as a whole. It ended with a minus of as "rather dangerous," went out for
harvested and the picking was pro-128 degrees (Boston) or more than the morning of October first the pregressing
a little ahead of normal fcur degrees a day for the 30-day diction being 21-22. Lows of at least
schedule, on the last day of the period. There was practically none 21 were reached, but the State Bog
month the estimate of crop picked of the proverbial, Ibeautiful "Indian estimated there was no injury as
was 40-50 percent. These were most-Summer" weather. Month was put most growers Iby that time had high
ly all Blacks or other early varieties, down in books of the Boston Wea-spots and "cold holes," harvested.
as Howes seldom have sufficient ther Bureau as the coldest September However, this was a long and very
color to pick before October. __
Crop Holding Up
Crop at that time was estimated as AGENT FOR BOG
about holding up to estimate, with WIGGINS AIRWAYS SERVICE
"previous little," if any over-run.
Quality continued the best in several
years.
Sept. Frost Loss, 2500 Bbls. T T T T
The first really heavy frosts took AGRICULTURAL
place the nights of the 23rd and 24th,
CHEMICALS
CRANBERRY PICKING
I -BOXES| HAND SPRAYERS -TOOLS -POWER EQUIPMENT
Shooks, or Nailed
AUTHORIZED BRIGCCS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER
Stock Always on Hand
Let me repair your broken
boxes-or repair them yourself.
F.H.COLE R F. MORSE SON INC
Nort
Tel.
CaUer,iMa.3
Union.. 6-3330
I
.
Cranberry Highway
-....
West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553
F""
Five
general frost, not spotty as had been
the previous ones.
Weather then turned milder and
more seasonable for the first part
of October.
There was the warning for the first
frost described as dangerous on the
morning of October 5, with lows of
20-21 forecast. There were lows, as
low as 17 at some locations, but there
was often some wind and it was felt
there was no real frost loss. For one
thing, as the crop continued to be
harvest, berries remaining could be
flooded or sprinkled more easily.
Falling
Off?
Falling -Off?
On about that same weekend came
first indications that the Massachu-
setts crop might be fading a little.
Some of the larger growers were run
ning 10 percent over, while others
were running the same under; with
a number of smaller growers re-
porting a falling off.
Indian Summer
The second week in O i t o b e r
brought real "Irndian Slummer," or
more accurately a heat wave for
thre or four days, culminating in
reeordbreaking temperatures of 80's
nd evtemnto's o
and even
toete 90
Mostly Picked By Oct. 15
,Mostly
Up to Octber 5th there had been
very little rain-.2 inches as as re-
corded at the State Bog to hamper
harvest. As the result many grow-
ers, most ors,of includingsmaller
including the
ones had completed picking by the
Colum'bus Day, October 12th holiday.
Several of the larger operators,
however still had some berries to
get in.
Small Frost Loss
The month had been nearly nor
'~had~ ~been nor-
~~~UThemonth
mal in temperatures, (12 plus, Bos-
ton, Oct. 15) and frost loss was still
being estimated by the cranberry
Station at about only 2500 barrels
this fall.
.........
,
WISCONSIN
I_ 0 N I_N
September About Normal
Temperatures were slightly above
normal for September and rainfall
continucu ieJ1i normal. The first
half of the month was above normal
and the last half below normal, in
both precipitation and temperature.
Frost warnings were issued the
nights of the 4th, 13th, 20th, 21st and
Six
22nd. Coldest was the 13th when
readings in the teens were recorded
in the north. A light hail storm hit
northern Juneau County and west
Monroe County on the 28th. The
stones were small and round and in
some areas were several inches
deep. The Valley Corporation was
hit by this hail storm marking the
fourth time it was hurt by hail
storms this year. Soil moisture is
low throughout the state and ground
water tables are very low in some
areas, with no area up to normal.
The out look for October calls for
temperatures to average 1 to 2 de-
.
ees ave norma and precipitation
to be near the seasonal average of 2
inches.
inches.
Crop Falling Off
Harvest begun in earnest the last
week of September. Prior to that
date a few marshes ith short water
supplies or severe hail damage had
started. Early raking appeared to
indicate the crop was going to be
below estimate and this was borne
out when raking was completed at
months end on a number of smaller
marshes. Small berry size and poor
set in the center of sections was in
evidence. Only the young early plant-
ings or sand marshes were produc-
ing above average size berries, as a
result of higher nighttime minimum
temperatures and earlier start. Poor
crops in the center f the beds indi-
cated smaller of the hooks
severe chilling
and blossoms the night of June 19th
and the cool minimum temperatures
during bloom in early July. Beds
which were surface flooded during
those periods appeared to have bet-
ter set and larger berries.
350-375,000 Bbls.
Quality appears to be excellent
due to rather dry conditions during
bloom and immature berry development
and lack of floodingg dur
August. More marshes also used
more fungicides this year, following
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^
last years very poor keeping quality
. At mh edd
it a
year. At months end it appeared the
isconsin crop would probably run
between 350 to 375,000 barrels.
Would Have Been Second Biggest
The preliminary USDA forecast of
428,000 barrels would have been the
second largest in Wisconsin. After
blossoming in July, the berries
"swelled up like baloons", and there
were plenty of 'blooms which could
have meant plenty of berries.
No "Corn Weather"
Two reasons for the non-filing of
early hopes are given by Dr. "Mac"
Dana of the University of Wisconsin.
First -there is a saying that "corn
weather" is also cranberry weather,
and Northern Wisconsin got little of
this during August and September;
(and the berries didn't size, and second
a lot of the blossoms simply did
not set.
Some "Egg Beaters"
This fall several of the growers
have adopted the so-called Egg
Beater" picking machine developed
the West Coaist, just -as New Jersey
is now dosing on la large scale.
W AS H I N GT 0 N
Heavy Yield
Harvest underway on the
Peninsula 'bogs about October first
and John Sacks, manager of the
Long Beach Receiving Station esti
mated bogs were yielding heavillr.
Some bogs were yielding almost 250
barrels to the acre, achs reported.
Last year was one of the poorest
of recent years and the Long Beach
district yielded only about 12,000
barrels.
barrels.
The Ocean Spray plant at Markham
was sending a considerable portion
f the early-picked berries to
fresh market.
Some Water Lack
September had been very moderate
in precipitation, there being only
2.28 for the entire month and some
growers were being handicapped in
the wet harvest by lack of water.
Weather Improves
·current started out as
The season
t ou e oor or e
i'f it would be poor for !berry growth;
Jue hd 1 dys wth oe eur
June had 19 dayswith some measuraable
precipitation; July had 14, August
1I1 days and September 12.
ing in Juy te eater,
Starting in July, the weather, according
to Dr. Charles C. Doughty,
director of the oastal Washington
director of the Coastal
Station, Long Beach, became more
favorable
Good Fall
September and October were good
for growth and development of the
berries. Maximum temperature for
August was 75 degrees on Aug. 8
with a minimum of 40 on the 2nd.
Minimum in the low forties were
(Continued on Page 17)
Washington Has Achieved Highest Pro-
Wasnhmgtonduction Per Acre To Date Often Now
Third In Total Cranberry Production
Most Fruit Processed, But Growers Hope to Increase Fresh
Fruit-Sprinklers for Cranberry Bogs Apparently Develop-
ed There-Being the Third in a Series of West Coast
Articles.
Clarence J Hall
Cranberry growing in the State of Washington, "The E'vergeen State,"
is confined mainly to two areas, Iboth on the very coast of the Pacific. These
are what iare known as the Graylanld and the Long Beach districts. There is
a relatively new and small but growing development in North Beaioh, or
Copalis, which is to the north of Grays Harbor and Grayland. This is often
"lumped" 'as 'a part of the Grayland area. Unfortunately, I did noit get to
this district. The other main area is, of course, at Long Beach not far from
the mouth of Columibila River, which separates Washington 'and Oregon.
The Long Beach Peninsufla, (as I have stated in previous articles, is often
called "1The ICape Cod of the West," sand there cranberry growing and the
region fare most similiar to iMassachusetts or New Jersey.
There is also one small bog, far away from all other areas, on the
northern rim of the Olympic ,Peninsula, north of the mighty Alpine peaks of
the Olympic National Park. This bog is 'near Cilallam Bay on the Juan De
Fuca Strait, across fromn the Canadian island of Vancouver. All other
Washington bogs are on thepPacific This Clallaim, Bay bog, I believe is the
northern most -bog in the U.S., north of the northern 'bags of Wlisconsin,
such as those at Hayward, or E!agle River. Clallam Bay is nearly 49 north
latiitude and Eagle Riaver is 46.
A Varied State
Washington State has been de-
scribed as having more variety than
any other place on earth. It has
g la c i e r s and many snow-capped
mountains, sandy beaches and rocky
seashore, strung along 1700 miles of
deep indentations. It has mighty
forests, plains. The Olympics with
6,000-7,000 feet Alpine peaks, the
Alpine meadows with Alpine flowers,
swamps and almost tropical growth
in the dark and dank rain forests, to
deserts and irrigated sections to
wheatlands It has the beautiful Cas-
cades, 100 miles in width, with Mt.
Ranier, near Tacoma, comparable to
Fuju in Japan, in lonely spectacu-
larness about 14,000 feet into the
clouds.
Yearly Rain Heavy
Average rainfall in the U.S. is
about 29 inches, the rainiest state
is Louisiana, with about 55 inches,
but the greatest local average rain-
fall is at Wynoochee, Oxbon in the
Olympics, just to the north of Gray-
land, with 150.75 inches. The Wash-
ington cranberry growers get much
rain during the fall, winter and
spring months, about nine months of
the year, yet during the summers
they are plagued Iby dryness, and
'
droughts. Growers who have the
sprinkler systems, sprinkle frequent-
ly for irrigation and also during the
"heats" of the summer months.
Nearly 8 feet of rain fell at Long
Beach in 1961 as measured at Cran-
guyma cranberry bog, the total mea-
s'uring 91.23 inches. However, many
who live there have called this re-
~gion, where the cranberries are
grown, "God's own Country." I did
not meet a grower who wished he
lived elsewhere.
Washington is relatively new as a
state; on November 11 1889 the area
was formally granted statehood. The
pioneers who settled Washington,
were (obviously) of sturdy stock,
many who came to the Pacific
Northwest being Scandinavian; they
came principally for sea-faring, fish-
ing, mining, lumbering, ard Scan-
dinavian names are prominent today
among the cranberry growers, espe-
cially at Grayland. These West Coast
growers are still of sturdy spirit and
willingness to engage in the hardest
physical labor.
Still "Pioneer" Country
Washington is still "pioneer" coun-
try, despite the moderness of the
great cities, and of the extremely
modern homes of many of the grow-
ers, usually at bogside, and countless
oother modern
structures.
A Bit f History
There seems to be an interesting
link between two of the early ex
plorers of Washington and the N. E.
cranberry area. In 1787 Captain John
Kendrick, a native of Harwich, Mass.
born in 1740, left Boston in command
of the ship "Columbia Rediva" and
the sloop "Lady Washington," with
Capt. Robert Gray, born in Tiverton,
Rhode Island in command of the
latter. The ships, owned by Boston
merchants were to procure by trade
otter skins and invest these in China
gods. Captain Kendrick was a mem
ber of the Cae Cod Kendrick family
later engaging in cranberry growing
up to the present and for a time he
live in Warham an h annt
, a i ae
hse there is hstrically marked.
Kendrick was an American navigat.
tor and trader, one of the Capeskippers who went to sea as a youth
and during the Revolution he sailed
as a privateer. Making the' voyage
with the two ships around the Horn,
the voyage took him first to Nootka
Sound, where he transferred the
Columbia to his assistant Gray, then
where he engaged tin trade and to
China, via the 'Hawaian Islands
(SandWich Islands), returning to
North America in 1791 he visited
Japan on the way, being one of the
first Americans to do so. He again
crossed the Pacific in 1793 and revisiting
the Sandwich Islands was
killed. (iThe Encyclopedia Americana,
1962).
Captain Gray sailed with sea otter
skins to Canton, China the only port
open, changed the fur ffor tea and
returned to Boston in 1790 and was
the first American to carry the new
U.'S. flag around the World. He sailed
south entered the Columbia river
and sailed some miles upstream, and
is said to have Ibeen the first navigator
to cross the breakers guarding
the river mouth. (Same Source.)
The Columbia River, formerly called
the Oregon and next to the Yukon,
the longest stream in the Western
Hemisphere, 1,270 miles in length.
Gray named the river, The Columbia,
in honcr of his ship, the "Columbia."
Grays Harbor, with the cities of
Aberdeen and Hoqiuiam at its head,
Grays Harbor County, where cranberries
are grown and Grayland,
Seven
itself seem to be named in honor of
Captain Gray.
(As this portion has no great bear-
ing on cranberry growing in Wash-
ington, although some interesting as-
pects, it will be concluded here, but
an interpretation of the Kendrick-
Gray explorations appears at the con-
clusion of this article, this being
compiled by Mrs. Aloha Gustafson,
secretary at the Long Beach experi-
ment station.)
State Second in
Barrels Per Acre
Washington, as has been stated in
previous articles has become often
in recent years, the second state in
production of barrels of cranberries
per acre. Here are some average
productions: 1956, 68.1; 1957, 88.4;
1958, 63.7; 1959, 105.0; 1960, only,
40.7. But in 1961, Washington achiev-
ed the highest production ever of any
state to date, 126.4; a figure which
it seems at present writing will be
almost equalled this year.
Nearly Third in Production
Washington is now fourth in total
production, but only by a very slight
margin next to New Jersey, and
sometimes in most recent years,
third.
Acreage Increased Slowly
Of growers in the state today the
number is compiled 'by Dr. Charles
C. Doughty, director of the Coastal
Washington Experiment Station at
Long Beach, as 186; 22 of these are
in the Long Beach area; 134 at Gray-
land and 20 at North 'Beach. Practic-
ally every grower is today a grower-
memlber of Ocean 'Spray. Most pro-
cessing is done 'at the Ocean Spray
plant at Markham, Imost of the grow-
ci's do their own screening, largely
unlike those of Massachusetts and
New Jersey.
The average acreage harvested in
the decade 1951-60 (USDA figure)
was 870. In 1962 there were 1.100
acres harvested, showing that state
acreage has been increased in the
past dozen years. Figures from the
Long Beach Station show that Pacific
County, which takes in the Long
Beach and also about half of Gray-
land has 820 acres while Grays Har-
bor county which takes in the rest
of Grayland and 'North Beach has
280 acres. Actually the area known
as the "Long Beach district" alone
has perhaps about 400 acres.
Eight
35-40% Long Beach
Dr. Doughty estimates that about
35 to 40 percent of the Washington
crop is grown in the so-called Long
Beach region, and this would not in-
elude the part of Grayland which
is in Grays Harbor county. An esti-
mate is also made for the year 1961,
the "big" Washington production per
acre yield, that the Long Beach
region produced about 175 barrels
per acre and in the poor year of
1962 about 75 barrels to the acre.
Dr. Chandler (1956) found that in the
years (1954 and 1955, Long Beach pro-
duced 46.5 and 33, while Grayland
produced !66.7 and 54.5.
No fresh berries are now shipped
from the Long Beach district, al-
though it is said some of this fruit
could be held for fresh market if
the handling facilities were present.
'Several of the Long Beach district
growers have dry mechanical pick-
ers.
Ocean Spray rents a small freezer
at Long Beach which is managed by
John Sachs, a grower. However, this
is not designed to hold all the Long
Beach crop, and is mainly a receiv-
ing station.
45% Of 'Grayland Crop Fresh
An estimate from Ocean Spray at
Markham, is that approximately 45
percent of the Grayland berries go
on the fresh market, none from Long
Beach.
The 'approximate average produc-
tion per bog is 'also given at Ocean
Spray by Mrs. IIrene Hollingsworth,
secretary, as 350 barrels at Gray-
land and 714 at Long Beach, indicat-
ing that Long Beach holdings are
generally larger than those at Gray-
land.
The average size of holdings in the
Long Beach area is about three times
greater at Long Beach than in Gray-
land (IF. B. Chandler Survey, 1956)
and this seems to be about true today
although many Grayland growers in
particular are now consolidating
acreage and a number have larger
holdings than in 1956. There is a
similiar trend at Long Beach.
I was told there is not much stor-
age rot as berries are taken to the
cooler at Markham as soon as they
are screened. Biut this is one of the
problems being worked upon at the
present time. 'It is reported that fresh
berries in storage 'have lost between
15 to 25 percent for the Christmas
market. Dr. Doughty says that tests
during the past two years indicate
this is not due to rot caused by
fungi, but due mainly to a physiolocical
breakdown of the berries themselves.
Washington, and in fact all
West Coast growers have been very
conscientious in using fungicides.
Controls
For disease, insect control and for
weeds growers use ground rigs, some
on track, some more conventional
such as Hardie Sprayers, or insecticide
is applied through the sprinkler
systems. Twig 'blight is perhaps the
most troublesome, but this has been
greatly overcome through research
and control methods developed by
Drs. Doughty and Johnson of the
University of Washington. Maneb,
Zineb, Captan and Ferbam are used,
all wettable powder. After harvest
Bordeaux mixture is used for Red
Leaf and Rose Bloom.
For fireworm, fruitworm and Lecanium
scale materials include Sevin,
Parathion, Malathion, Slugs are
something of a 'problem in Washington.
For a control Imataldehyde bait
is used. Field mice are partially controlled
by a border application of
endrin. Toxaphene is applied to bogs
as a spray following harvest to aid
in mouse control.
In root weevil and grub control
dieldrin is used 'before planting; for
established plantings aldrin is applied.
Material cleared for weed control
on commercial ibogs include, according
to Doughty, 2, 4-D granular,
OChloro-4PC granular, Simazine granules
or wettable powder, 'IPC Wettable
powder or granules, Dalapon,
iron sulfate, copper sulfate and petroleum
paint thinner or white kerosene.
These materials 'are all, except for
iron sulfate, copper sulfate and paint
thinner, applied as sprays pre-emergence
to the weed growth while the
cranberry vines are still dormant.
Newer materials, such as Casoron
and several others are under test,
but not cleared for general use as
yet.
Washington Developed Cranberry
Sprinkler
Washington, with the "pioneering"
spirit of the researchers and the
growers has made at least one very
valuation icontribution to the whole
cranberry industry. This is in the use
of overhead sprinkler systems on
cranberry bogs. Sprinklers may have
been (used elsewhere first in the in-
dustry, but it was in Washington
that the idea really first took hold,
apparently.
"Spring frosts Iwere knocking me
out," I heard from 'growers on our
1944 visit to the Coast. "Fall frosts
are not generally damaging." Sprink-
lers then provided a badly-
needed method of controlling frost,
mostly spring, land also to provide
irrigation Iwhen needed and to reduce
"heats" on bogs.
This sprinkler investigation was be-
gun as far back as 1925 when D. J.
Crowley was director of the Long
Beach IBulletins years
Station. of
Beach Station. ulletins of yearsabout then, tell of this and excerps
have been printed in Cranberries
Magazine in the September issue of
1944.
It Imay surfice to say here that
from this apparent small beginning
at Long Beach that the use of sprink-
lers has spread to other Washington
areas, to Oregon and now in increas-
cI~~~~~~~~~~~~~
ing consequence to all other cran-
berry growing areas. But sprinklers
have not yet developed in magnitude
of important anywhere else as on the
West Coast.
Some of these systems are auto-
He ascertained that all berries in
Washington are grown on peat bogs
and that nearly all of the berries are
McFarlins, as in general on the whole
coast, although there are some other
varieties and some which are class-
ified as McFarlins are not entirely
"Sa.prinf e.
true McFarlins.
Commercial cranberry growing did
not begin in Washington State until
the early 1880's, Washington today
has roughly one-twentieth of total
acreage, yet in 1961 with a crop, its
highest record produced about one-
tenth of the total cranberry crop, and
has approached that figure several
times in recent years. Washington
has about one-eighth of the total
number of growers. IIn the year of
1961 1,15o
big k1the crop, barrels
the big 1961 crop, 115,000 ars
were sold as processed and 2300 as
fresh. All Washington growers seem
to want to increase the proportion in
the fresh market.
Grayland area picks almost entire-
ly with dry mechanical harvesters.
Long Beach district almost entirely
by water reel.
Further installments of the "West
.
~~'Spanish.
'Coast Cranberry Story" will continue
in future issues.
Kendrick-Gra
n uray8lt
Explorations
Kendrick in turn promised to carry
the captured English crews to China
where he was supposed to sell some
otter skins for the Spaniard. A rup
te occurred at the time between
Kendrick &Gray land they exchanged
ships. Kendrick taking the "Lady
Washington." Thereafter he used it
for his own personal concerns. He
did not contemplate ever returning it
to it's rightful owners. The two captains
met two years later in the
Hawaiian Islands (Sandwich Islands)
but as rival traders. Gray returned
to Boston Aug. 10, 1790 to a hero's
welcome. He had sold his furs in
Macao and at Canton he took a car'
tea. ccording to the reports
circulated at that time the financial
failure of the expedition was charged
to Captain Kendrick whose reputation
was one of Knavery and incredible
stupidity. Captain Kendrick was
killed by the natives of the Sandwich
slands because of his deliberate release
of his crews to assault the
people of the 'Islands. (History of the
Hawaiian Islands).
Nootka was founded 1774-75 'by the
Spaniards792 there were 200 pe
and 5 priests there. Vancouver Island
was discovered to be an island by
ILts. 'Francisco iEliza !and Salvador
Fidalgo in 1791. A thorough job of
eplration was done jointly by the
and the British in 1792.
th
'On the 'fourth day of June 1792, at
the site of the present city of Everett,
Wn. Vancouver took possession of the
hole region, and called it New
Georgia, in honor of George II, whose
birthday it was. Vancouver then proceeded
through the inland passage
east of Vancouver island around the
island's northern tip and down to
Notka and his meeting with Quadra.
The Island was named 'Quadra Van
couver by the Spaniard and the Englishman,
thus ended a threat of war
between the two countries and the
Nootka incident was over.
References:
J nen D 0 a
JJohansen, Dorothy 0. and Chas. 'M.
es Empiref t lumbi
'Gates, 1957,Emipire of the Columlbia
'Speck, Gordon, Northwest Discoveries;
Meares, John, Voyages made in
the years 1788-1789 Bancroft, History
of the Nlorthwest Coast.
NorthwestCoast.
JIIll111111illtll•llll][tllllllft1111tilllilllllHI•
CRANBERRIES
PROVIDES A NEEDED
MEDIUM OF INFORMATION
FOR
ALL R
ALL GROWERS
Illlllllllillllllillmtillllllllllllltlll111
Nine
Some of arethese vi w
auto-systems
matic; in some instances they ring a
bell in the home of the grower when
the danger point is approaching.
There is no frost warning system
for the state of Washington as far as
cranberry growing is concerned but
growers watch the weather reports
and in a few instances have their own
weather stations and many know
from the reports they receive and
from their own experience and ther-
mometer readings what they may
anticipate.
In his survey of 1956 Dr. Chandler
estimated that sprinkler systems cov-
ered 68.8 percent of all bearing acre-
age in Washington with 86.6 percent
for Long 'Beach and 57.4 for Gray-
land.
Fewer Growers?
Chandler in 1956 interviewed 237
w t
s whicinic
growers, which would indicate that
the number of growers in the state
has declined slightly as has the num-
ber in about all cranberry areas, and
the number of workers in all agri-
culture in the IU. S.
Two vessels left Boston Sept. 30,
1787. ITheir object was to procure by
trade, sea otter skins and invest
these in China goods. They were
heavily ,armed carried special papers
issued by the Continental congress
and a cargo of goods ill-fitted for
Northwest Trade. The command of
the 220 ton "Columbia Rediviva"
was Capt. John Kendrick who had
spent 47 years at sea. "The paltry
two-penny objects of his expedition
were swallowed up in the magnitude
of his Gulliverian views. IN.E. Ameri-
ca was on the Lilliputian but he
designed N.W. 'America to be on the
Brodignagian Scale" (quotations here
are from log kept by his 'clerk John
Howell). It would appear that he was
intemperate in habit and disposition,
a poor trader, and a 'man not to be
trusted with other people's property.
His activities in 'the 'Nootka Sound
area were composed mostly of double
dealings. He was befriended by Martinez
who provisioned their ships
(Kendrick's and 'Gray's) 'as he wrote
later to get them away from the
area. These provisions were frm
stocks of captured English ships.
Above is shown a water-reel harvest at the Washington State Bog at Long Beach. Type of harvester is one
of earlier ones, no longer in general use, (but one of the first so-called "egg-beaters," which are now in use on
the West Coast, to a large extent in New Jersey the pa st couple of years and being used in a few cases in Wisconsin,
and have also been used experimentally in Massachusetts. (Photo courtesy of Washington State University,
Coastal Washington Experiment Station.)
Ten
FROS T~DSPRINKLER Some growers
on the
PROTECTION have eected to use
D larger heads to cut down
SPRINKLER FROST PROTE
by number required. And, although they
John "Stan" Norton may require more water per head,
Associate Professor of Agricultural Engineering the requirement per acre may be
Cranberry Station, University of Massachusetts
(Editor's Note: The following is a talk given by Prof. Norton at the
Massachusetts Cranberry Club meetings upon cranberry sprinkler systems
in which growers are now much interested.)
With the growing interest in sprinkler frost protection it seems appropri-
ate to discuss the subject before this group. Experiment Station Bulletin
No. 532, "Design of Minimum Gallonage Sprinkler Systems for Cranerry
Bogs," presents the story in somewhat general terms. I will elaborate on
some specific items that should be emphasized.gt
First, we'll discuss the use of the system, then we will concentrate on
some of tHe design problems.
Uses
These systems are designed primar-
ily for frost protection. Sprinkler
spacings are based on operation dur-
ing periods of calm only. Coverage
would not be adequate when oper-
ating under windy conditions. How-
ever, it is this very feature of using
a minimum of equipment to provide
protection that has made the large
scale installations of irrigation sys-
tems feasible. To get proper coverage
when irrigating or applying spray
materials it is advisable to operate
the system when the air is calm.
In order to realize the greatest
benefit from your irrigation sys-
tem it is necessary to use it pro-
perly. Naturally, the first bogs on
which to install irrigation systems
are the dry ones. A two-fold bene-
fib that should pay for the system
quickly can be experienced here.
First, frost protection that had never
been available would be provided.
And secondly, production should be
increased by the application of water
during periods of drought.
When using a sprinkler system
for frost protection there seems to
be a tendency to risk loss to frost
by waiting too long before starting
the system. This is especially true
when the approach of a strong cold
front is accompanied by fairly high
winds, as was the case on May 30,
1961. Under these conditions it is
not unreasonable to expect tem-
peratures to be 10 or 115degrees
lower on well sheltered areas of a
bog than they are on more exposed
areas. Therefore, if the thermometer
is not located on the most sheltered
area, that area may be frosted long
before the thermometer reaches the
danger point. So, when severe frosts,
preceded by strong winds, are fore-
cast it would seem advisable to put
the thermometer on the area of te f
bog most sheltered from the wind,
at least for that particular night.
To be further assured of timely
protection, it would be advisable to
start sprinkling when the tempera-
ture is still a couple degrees above
the danger point. Wetting the bog for
two or three hours in the afternoon
or evening before an imminent frost
will provide a measure of protection,
in case there are naturally colder
areas that may accidentally reach
the danger level when the remainder
of the bog does not.
Designing A System
There has been considerable in-
terest among the people currently
planning new systems, in getting a
little background information on the
main factors that control the design
of an irrigation system.
The basic design that we have
been using is a 55' x 65' spacing
with a triangular arrangement of
the heads. The triangular arrange-
ment gives more complete and uni-
form coverage than a square or
rectangular arrangement. The stan-
dard head is a ra t h e r small,
single nozzle one, with about four
gallons p e r minute capacity at
30-35 psi (po u nd s per square
inch) pressure when using a 5/32"
nozzle. The 55' x 65' spacing is
based on maximum recommendations
by sprinkler manufacturers. With the
equilateral triangular arrangement
they allow, under no-wind operation,
a spacing of 75 % of the diameter
the heads can cover.
Spacings greater than the one
given above may be used for heads
with a coverage of over 90' diameter.
less than for smaller heads.
An average water application rate
An average water application rate
of 50 gallons per minute per acre or
1/10-inch an hour is presently recommended
for frost protection. Using
this water requirement and the number
of acres to be covered, it is
estimate of the
an e of te
pum p requirements. However, in
order to get the exact water requirement
it is necessary to carefully
lay out the plan on an accurate map
the bog. This is the only way to
determine the amount of pipe, fittings
and heads required for the
job The number of heads required,
times the gallons per minute per
head will give the actual water requirements.
Determining The Pipe Sizes
After the lay-out has been completed
it is necessary to determine
the pipe sizes. This is a fairly simple
but time consuming process. If all
the laterals are the same length,
only one calculation needs to be
made for the lateral size. As you
probably know, part of the pressure
at the pump is wasted as friction as
the water flows along the length of
the pipe before it is discharged into
open air. This pressure loss varies
approximately as the square of the
velocity of the water. In other words,
if the amount of water being pumped
through a given size pipe is doubled,
the friction loss increases four times.
The maximum friction loss ordinar
ily allowed in the laterals is 20%
of the average operating pressure of
the heads. If the average operating
pressure on a lateral is 33 psi, then
the allowable loss from one end of
the lateral to the other is 6.6 psi.
This allowable loss determines the
lateral size. To determine the lateral
loss it is necessary to estimate the
size lateral that will be needed. Then
find on a chart or table the loss be
tween successive h e a ds for the
amount of water flowing through
that section. The combined total of
those losses gives the lateral loss.
If this figure is greater than the
allowable loss the process should be
repeated for the next size larger
Eleven
pipe, etc. If it is considerably small-
er may be (possible to use a smaller
size pipe.
Although large mains cost more
than smaller ones, some figure must
be established for permissible fric-
tion loss in the main between the
first and last laterals. A figure that
seems reasonable to me is 6 psi
or less.
The friction loss in the ma is
main
found in the same manner as it is
in the laterals. Here, too, a trial pipe
size is assumed; although the main
often consists of two or more differ-
ent sizes of pipe. It is permissible to
start at either end of the main to
make your determinations. I prefer
to start at the last lateral and work
toward the pump. Here we determine
the amount of water flowing between
the next to the last lateral and the
last one by the number of heads be-
ing supplied. The friction loss is given
in the table or chart in either feet
of head or psi per 100 feet of pipe.
Therefore we have the loss per 100
feet times the distance divided by
100, which equals the loss in that
section of main. The next section
will be figured for the volume flow-
ing to supply the last lateral and
the next to last one. If both laterals
have the same numbers of heads the
volume in the second section will be
double that in the first section, and
the friction loss will be abo"t four
times as great. The process is con-
tinued for each section of main until
the pump is reached. If the loss in
the main exceeds 6 psi or 13.8 feet.
a larger size pipe must be used for
part or all of the main and the
friction loss re-figured. If it is less
than 6 psi, a smaller size pipe
might be satisfactory.
In order to realize the economic
advantages of the low gallonage
system on large areas it is neces-
sary to compromise some 'of the
standard recommendations of irriga-
tion designers. It is obvious that the
pressure at the sprinkler nearest the
pumup will not be the same as in
those near the main line but 1000
feet from the pump. Theoretically
this difference should be compensated
for in order to get uniform distri-
bution.
Part of the difference can be
compensated for by limiting the
Twelve
lateral loss to less than 20 %. How-
ever, this would result in larger
more costly laterals. The difference
could also be kept down by using
large mains. This also increases
costs. A third method of compen-
sating is to use smaller nozzles on
the heads near the pump. This should
only be done when the pressure dif-
ference between the head to receive
the smaller nozzle and the most re-
mote head exceeds 10 psi.
The 6.6 psi lateral loss in our hy-
pothetical case and the 6 psi loss in
the main produce a 12.6 psi friction
loss in the system between the be-
ginning of the lateral nearest the
pump and the end of the one farthest
from the pump. The 12.6 psi is added
to the pressure desired at the most
remote head, say 28 psi, making a
total of 40.6 psi. To the 40.6 psi must
ibe added any friction loss or eleva-
tion difference occurring between the
pump and the first lateral, plus the
suction lift from the water source to
the pump.
Since we have two different mea.
surements involved in determining
-the pump pressure requirements,
that is psi and feet of lift or eleva-
tion, they must be converted to a
common term. This term may be
either psi or feet of head. Pump per-
formance curves are often given in
feet of head. This means, the height
to which a pump could force a given
volume of water under the specified
conditions. If the height were in-
creased the volume would be de-
creased.
There are 2.31 feet of head to one
psi. That is, a column of water one-
inch square and 2.31 feet high would
weigh one pound. So the pressure at
lumn wld b
one pound per square inch. There-
fore, any time it is necessary to con-
vert psi to feet or head you multiply
by 2.31. Or if you want to convert
~by *2.31.w22Oriyou
feet of head to psi you divide by
2.31.
To ontie
To continue the example, let's as-
sume that the pump is located 300
feet from the bog at a point 10 feet
inch aluminum pipe would be 2.78
feet per 100 feet of pipe, or 8.34 feet
in 300 feet. This loss would not be
excessive. Furthermore, it would not
contribute to any difference in pressure
between the heads because it
occurs ahead of the first lateral.
We have now considered all of the
important factors effecting the pump
pressure requirement. They are: 1,
minimum operating pressure of the
heads of 28 psi; 2, allowable friction
loss in the lateral of 6.6 psi; 3, allowable
frictionloss in the main of 6 psi;
4, friction loss in main from pump to
first lateral of 8.34 feet; 5, elevation
head between pump and bog of 10
feet; and 6, suction lift at the pump
of 10) feet. These various require'
ments must now be converted to a
common term to establish the pump
specifications. Combining the figures
given in psi we have 40.2 psi, which
when multiplied by 2.31 is 93 feet of
head. To this we add the 8.34', 10.0'
and 10.0' that occur between the
pond and the first lateral and we
get a total dynamic head of 121.34
feet. This would also convert to
121.34' & 2.31 52.6 psi.
These figures mean that the pump
must be able to deliver 200 gallons
of water a minute against 121.34 feet
Of head or 52.6 psi pressure.
I hoe that this presentation has
cleared up some of your question
and that you better understand why
I say each layout on a cranberry bog
is a custom job that must be figured
individually.
Cou
C rs Offered
On ticid
On Pes U
Notices have been sent out from
Massachusetts C o u n t y Extension
Offices concerning courses on gen
eral mosquito control, advanced
mosquito control and the safe use
of pestioides, at the University of
ch A erst,
and 23 and at the Waltbham Fielid
Station, Wailtham, October 28, 29, 30
and 31. Co-sponsors of the course
the United tates P blic Health
Servilce U. of Iiass., andthe Mass.
achusetts Department of Public
Health.
below the level of the heads We shallnnocementstates that the
below the level of the heads. We shall liensing pesticide users will
of all
further assume a 10-foot lift from the
reservoir to the pump. If we are irr-
igating a four-acre bog the water re-
quirement will be about 200 gallonse
per minute. The friction loss in a 4-
be required in the Commsonweawlth
of iMassachusetts theCinnear future.
The courses lare designed to aid in
of pesticides for examirnation lead
ing to licensing.
Killing Weed Trees Around Cranberry Bogs ut /2 mllilitersof solutin were
used per cut.
(Talk IGiven !by Carl B. Cranmer, tion of 1.9 for 40 lbs. of active per Mr. Lee's first use of the injector
Asst. 'Chief, Forest Management Sec-hundred gallons, nearly 11/2 milles of began in October of 1960 to deaden
tion, N. J. Bureau of Forestry, at dams land ditches were gone over to large, Ip to 14" DBH, seed producing
the 'Annual ISummer IMeeting of the kill stems, sprouts, and roots of miaples near his cultivated areas. In
A.C.G.A.) tree species. A smaller test was made April of 1962 he used it again to kill
New Jersey cranberry and blue-using the same material but at twice maples from arenas later cleared for
berry growers are often plagued with theconcentration or 80 lbs. ahg. Less cultivation. This spring's application
volunteer red maple treethanalon 3 gals solution was used. elimintated miany sapling sized trees
dams, 'ditches !and even in producing This was applied by one man in apcdut from dams and ditches. In August of
areas. Periodic Imowing provides two days. this year he continued to use the in-
temporary relief but Idoes not elimi-Results soon became apparent. jector to rogue mnaples from bluenate
the problem 'as Hydra-headed (Table 2.) The leaves on stems rang-'berry ro'ws. .Previously these maples
sprouts igrow vigorously from the ing from less tan 1/2" at breast were cut back during pruning opera-
height to those with a diameter of to sprout with increased
well established root systems. (Table height to those with a diameter tions, only
1.) ILarger nearby trees produce seed about 3" withered and died. Larger vigor
to increase the inthey to DBH, ounce
ep inreeas, 10" while Figuring that an of prevent-
recentyeasfresters have bn did leaf out, showed signs of leaf on is ort a pound of ure,
In ,recent years
tforesters have been deformation, but complete to kill ^ orh
recommending the use of tree -deformation, but completetop kill 'Lee's ran-jector program has pracjector
to controlcul an ee tree may require a ar or two longer. eliinated his weed prdb
trees tial
einwoodands. This tool consists of a -Bylate 'Apust sprouting was neg-lem. This program is 'planned to in-
in ,woodlands. ot a
cutting bitto a cylindrical lwers udeuaple stands southern
attached wlted and none young of
ctting hit attached toasa cylindrical of the treated trees bore seeds at the white-ceda
tube which serves las .a handle and a nd ek . itencedar.__________ner
end of ,seven weeks. The 40 lb. con-
reservoir for the herbicides. A valve cenr eared as
centration in this test appeared
arrangement permits the application effective a!s 'the 80 lib. Few signs of Jersey Growers
of the chemical solution directly into new sprouts were observedand there Discuss Land
ne'ar Chatsworth, Burlington County, new sprouts were bserved onthese Annual Meeting
New Jersey, again tested "The Hot species. 'nnual ummer meeting
Iron of Hercules," a light-weight easy The application consisted of a an ummer meeting he
tree injector, on red maple and other single cran-jector stoke for stems Aiecan Cranberry Growers' Assotree
species in the vicinity of their one inch or less in diameter at pointthe etwater a-
cranberry and blueberry operations of application. Two strokes on op-ina to, well attended.
at Speedwell. posite sides for stems from one to he marn'toplcs of dicussfaon were
the farm problem and the farm labor
Using Trinoxol, a non-toxic hor-two inches. 'Stems larger than 3" situation. These are 'both increasing
T-,^-'-i 4. • • n~r m i~i ' JI ^ ^ situationn.These are 'both inreasincg
mone type herbicide containing 245-T, were completely girdled. Cuts were roles or e erse rae
mixed in No. 2 fuel oil in the propor-kept conveniently close to the ground. Ma. „in TpiJcs cran~berry
growers.
Table 1. The farm tax situation will be
Hydra-headed Red Maple somewhat eased for growers if the
Number of Stems per Clump proposed F'arm Land Assessment
Number Amendment, which would have farm
1 2-5 6-9 10* in Sample land taxed on the 'basis of production
DBH percent rather than real !estate values, is put
1" or less 9 42 20 29* 66 through. E'dwin A. 'Gauntt, secretary2-
10" 31 50 6 13* 16 treasurer of the 'Citizens Committee
* Two of these clumps had 28 or more individual stems. to Save Open 'Space in New Jersey,
Table 2. spoke on the efforts of this group to
Injector Results on Red Maple 7 Weeks after April Treatment educate c!ity people on the necessity
Stems Crown New Number for putting this referendum through
Killed Reduction Sprouts in Sample on the next election date. The Asso-
DBH percent ciation voted lunanimously to raise
1/2 or less 98 99 1 305 $200 through individual solicitation to
1 98 99 0 40 help the Citizens Cormmittee in this
2 100 '100 0 3 work.
3 69(1) 95 0 13 Fred Watts, Chief of Farm Place4-
10" 30 58 0 10 ment, New Jersey Department of
(1) Most of these were completely dead when observed in late August. Labor and Industry, slpoke of the
Thirteen
efforts of his department, during the
last four or five years, to recruit and
better utilize local labor. He describ-
ed Icourses given to train workers for
jobs and estimated that in the past
two years the quallity of the worker
had increased 15 to 20%. In surveying
the cranberry situation he said he
had been assured that foreign work-
ers-would not 'be needed.
"Tiny" Cranmer, well-known for-
ester, spoke on killing weed trees
around cranberry bogs. He described
and demonstrated a tool which he
has invented ,(Cran-Jector) for kill-
ing weed trees.
Assistant To
Betty Buch-an
Miss Margaret G. Clark of 177
Indian IHead' Street, Hanson, has
pineed the staff of Ocean Spray Cran-
Cman-
'berries, Inc., Hanson, as assistant
~jc~~~~~ined
Sp~ray the
'ager.
Miss Clark has been assistant o
the society editor of the Brockton
Enterprise for the past three years.
She was publicity director of the
Children's 'Museuml 'Boston, ssixx
Museum, for
T1 E C A N B R Y
The cranberry is a part of Vaceiniaceae family,
And the Oxycoccus genus according to taxonomy.
The macrocarpus specie comes from the U.S.A.,
And also known to come from Canalda ,across the way.
Long known to the Indians as a fruit so good to eat,
The Pilgrims too considered it a palatable treat.
Its cultivation started on the shores of Old Cape Cod,
Then New Jersey, Wisconsin, Oregon, land iWashington gave the nod.
From the native habitat men carried it far and near,
And gave it names like Beaver, Bell, IBerlin, and even Ben Lear.
From the sunny Pacific Shores to the rocky New England Coast,
And even in cold iCanadian Lands 'tis considered "just the most."
To E'arly Black and Howes, "The 'Cape" and Jersey are prone,
Searles 'in Wisconsin, McFarlin in Pia'cific iStates are grown.
False Iblosscm, field and storage rots plague the industry,
SAotbreeders seek varieties low in susceptibility.
Cranberries prepared as sauce, jelly, juice are favored generally,
And varieties ,of the future may Ibe sweet and tasty, naturally.
These could be delightful, eaten fresh "right out of hand,"
Someday like popcorn, cranberries may be eaten in theatres across the land.
staff i^i^ ofd~iiOcean
to Miss Betty ;Bucehan, publicity
!?i et ioa iiihaviii
ii
....
and:'for Collegei:,No ].i
iby Joyce C. Torio
I (Editor's Note: This poem is the
work of Mrs. Torio, a research assist-
ma-ant. She is a native of New England,
aing 'been born and raised inSaco,
-Maine. After receiving her B. S.
degree in Botany from 'Douglass Col-
III lege, she assumed a full-time positionin the Soil Testing Laboratory at the
ewJerseyExperiment Starn,
gers University, N e w Brunswick.
During this time she became a
rpart-time graduate student at Rut
gemrs, receiving her M'S. from RutaCndlege,
a As-
obtained Research
sistanrceship in Cranberry Culture in
R u t g e r s University Hortioulture
years and for Wheaton College, Nor-i.iai ....
Wad Nor-and
ton, for five years. Her previous
newspaper positions were with the
Boston EveinTancrptaDepartment under the acdvisorship of
Boston Evening Transcript and in the i a ., Prll
.women's department ofofthethe depaIrtmlent
womHens BostonBoaston ~At
Herald-Traveler. -She has also been
publicity assistant at the New Engg-
land Council, Boston, and Dartmouth
College, Hanover, N.H.
She is a graduate 'of the College of
Liberal Arts, and
'Boston University kh
is a member of the New England
Press Women's Association, the
TAuntion
quarian -Society, Plymouth, the Mu-
seum of Fine Arts, Boston, and the
Congregational Church of Hanson.
Oongregational 'Church of Hanson.
Miss arkis the daughter oMrs.
Miss Clark:is the daughter of (Mrs.
George E.; Clark of Hanson and the
late 'Mr. 'Clark: who was manager of
the Sea 'Cliff: Inn, Nartucket, the
Bryaint iHotel, 'Brocktcn, .the Taunton
Bryant Hotel, Brockton, the Tauntonx
Inn, Taunton,: and the Hotel Lenox
and the former Westminster 'Hotel, of
Boston.
:.;...
.....................-''—..—.-
_. ,_,,_,,_,,_„_„_._„
._.._. .. _,_,_,
Fourteen
Dr. Paul Eck.
the present time as a Ph., D
Ha h lthesis she with
problem 'is involved
a study of the interrelationship of
nutrition and incidence of rots in
cranberries. 'It 'is interesting to note
that Dr.HF. B. Chandler of the : ass.
any hp ent ias
Cranberry EXperiment 'Station has
'h interested the possibility of
ibeen in
producing 'a cranberry which could
sweet enough to be "eaten out of
hand," like ,cherries.)
had, lk cherries.) ___
material available the formulating
company, Thompson-Hayward is re
questing that growers be restricted
that can be pur
chased, and that sales be limited to
those growers who did not receive
the herbicide last spring.
In Massachusetts Casoron is re
commended at a rate of 125 to 150
pounds per acre after h a r v es t
through October. It is recommended
that the bog should be allowed a
week to recover from the harvesting
operation before application.
i.. .... iti.........s
.Cie,... te
...........
tifal hsresecadtinlbe
ADDITIONAL CASORON
MADE AVAILABLE
The USDA has approved the re-
lease of a small additional amcuntt
of Casoron for use on cranberry 'bogs
this fall. This release of additional
herbicide is governed by the experi-
mental or preliminary label granted
last spring, but it dces no: mean
that Casoron has been granted full
approval. This is pointed out 'by
ARobert B. Ewing, Plymouth (Mass.)
BEREAD CRAN
Agent-mana'ger. IES
...Because of the limited amount of
Wisconsin is accorded 428,000 bar
rels, the same as the August fore-
NotNecessa•y TLhis Year~ 0.cast. Production last year was 360,
Set. iP Nst NAecessarV l s YI ar 000. Preliminary forecast for New
Jersey was for 76,000 barrels, now
COMMITTEE MAKES OWN SUR-
VEY INDICATING LESSER PRO-
DUCTION, AND TAKESi SCHOOL
LUNCH FRUIT INTO CONSIDERA-
TION
Cranberry Marketing Order Coom-
mittee meeting at Logan Interna-
tonial i3otel in Boston, Oct. 14 vot-
ed unanimously to reduce the pre-
viously voted "set-aside" of the U.S.
cranberry crop from five percent to
zero "set-aside." This means that
no handler this year must have re-
stricted berries, and in effect the
cranberry crop is all "free" berries,
exactly as if there was no market-
ing order. Last year, with a crop of
1,324,500 barrels the restricted pool
was 12 percent and these berries
could not be sold on the ordinary
market, but were held for charity,
experimental purposes, or to be
"dumped".
"dumped"..
This fall, with a crop estimated by
the Committee as 1,197,593 barrels
the members believed this crop can
be sold in the ordinary channels of
commerce. This is a smaller figure
than the October USDA estimate of
1,327,600, smaller by 129,007 barrels.
At the time of voting the five per-
five
cent, the USDA had not made its
decision to buy 70,000 barrels of
fresh fruit for the school lunch pro-
gram. It was decided that zero "set-
aside" could still provide for the
school lunch for the so-called "pipe-
line" of supply for processors and
market demand.
wThe marketing order regulations
went into effect last fall for the first
time, and although there will be no
restricted pool this fall, it was held
that the order is proving a useful
tool, when need arises. If there is no
anticipated surplus, this "tool" need
not be applied in any current year.
However, Anthony R. Briggs, man-
ager of the order says the order will
still be in effect. "Next fall," he
said there could be a crop of a million,
500 barrels (who knows now),
and the restrictions might have to
be applied again. The order is there
if we need it."
All seven principals, including
George C. P. Olsson chairman, and
John C. Decas clerk, were present,
with Massachusetts alternates, Mau-
rice Makepeace and John N. Decas.
Motion to vote zero "set-aside" was
made by iBehrend Pannkuk, presi-
dent of Indian Trail, Inc. of Wisconsin
Rapids and seconded by Anthony
DeMarco of New Jersey, an "Ocean
Spray" representative. Meeting open-
ed at 9:30 and was concluded by
noon.
was pointed Itout was pointedthe USDA esti
t t^e UISDA ti
mates were started to be prepared a
number of days prior and the situa-
tion had changed then as picking had
largely progressed and the size of
the crop was better known. This
information was obtained by tele-
phone and other means, and was
felt to be accurate
Biggest discrepancies were found
in the two largest states. Massachu
reduced to 590,000 and isconsin
to only 378,300. New Jersey estimate
was actually upped a little from
73,000 to 74,293. Washington State
was d ropped
and Oregon was left the same at
45,000 barrels.
Only a very few berries had al-
ready been disposed of from the cur-
rent crop under the five percent
"set-aside," and of course with no
restricted berries the previously
"buy back" figures will not be in
effect.
Next meeting of the Committee is
to be at Boston December 12. At
that time there will be a review of
the situation and any further amend-
ments considered which it is believed
will lead to a "smeother" better-
functioning marketing order.
-reported
October
Estimate
7USDA
October 14 USDA estimate of the
cranberry crop of this fall is now
given as a total of 1,327,600, uD from
the preliminary forecast of 1,324,500.
This production is about the same
as last year and ten percent above
average.
Massachusetts is now given 660,000
barrels as against 778,000 last year.
This is up 5 percent more than the
August estimate, but 15 percent be-
low 1962. Report is that soil moisture
was adequate for good berry size
and cool temperatures resulted in
lowered to 73,000, but down from the
103,;00 barrels of last year. Yields
were called variable. The current
estimate is 29 percent less than last
year and the smallest since 1956.
Frost on September 24, 25 did some
damage to unprotected ogs. Some
of this loss is also attributed to
spring frost damage, poor pollenationand drought which retarded size development
on many bogs. Quality is
called very good, bu size is smaller
is down to 1
wWashington State is down to 121,000
from the August forecast of
138,000 with se spring frost reduction,
but is expected to be the
scond t of rec d exceeded
sond larget record139,000 of
oron is up from the 29,500 of 1ast
erto an imated 45,600
is the sams
yea t estmatethsa
a e ge for the past five
U.:S.ar 120880 the past five
average for
y i
B ry"B Ba
Berry Buy-Back
Was Set At $10 00
(Editor's Note: The committee action
in the following is now redun
dent for this year in vie*w of the zero
nset-aside. However, it is carried to show
what the action was.)
Among the main matters acted
upon at the second meeting this year
of the Cranberry Marketing Order
Committee at the O'Hara Hotel,
Chicago, September 18 was the set
ting of the purchase release from
withheld berries price, or more
commonly known as the "buy-back"
price. The figure was set at $10 a
barrel until November 15, from that
date until December 1, $10.50 and
after December first $11, with the
provision made that a review of
the price be made from time to
time.
cCull
Chain Saws and Brush Cutters
Queen-B
Por e Mi i
Portable Heaters Mite-Lite
Portable Alternators
1500 Watts to 5000 Watts
Sandvik Scythes and Aluminum Snathes
SU
CARVER SUPP
C S CO
Center Carver, Mass. Tel. 866-4480
Quality and Service Since 1956
Fifteen
iiiii~lj~iiiiiiiil ~i~iiiiii
!i~iiiiiii:::IiiiI::~l'I::i i~ ~~ii88~~
iiiiiiiiiiiii:111:::111i;~~·j !·iiliiO
'i:i~iiiiiiiiji' liiiiiirt ~i~i::::E ~S ~bb~ii
IIiiii~~~:: jgjjii jiji #
c::::::~~~~~::~~~~~::iili~i ii~~~~::~:::::B.........
~:!!
iiiiii jijiiiiiifj~~iiiii ii ,,~~~~~~~~
iiiiiiiiiii~ ~~
:ii~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i~iil~
i'"'"'i " ,"
irjsiiiiiii~iiii
'
i
· :~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~:a
iiiiiiiiiiiiii ' ~ '
ijjiiijijjijiiiiiii!iiiiiii p
i ::: ''i!';''x::::::
Six-teen~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r
Red Sox Players
Red Sox Players
Receive Their
Berry "Awards"
Boston Red Sox star, "Chuck"
Schilling and Mrs. Schilling shared
in the harvest of a Caipe cranberry
bog Sept. 29, when they received
vestbed ononitheWhhitePinbethe White Pine bog, Cen-
vested
terville, the property of Vior F.
Adams, Ocean Spaay director and
chairman of the Barnstable Board
of Selectmen, as well as grower.
ThSe berries were the prize for the
first home run, or runs, made on
"Cape Cod Day" lat Fenway Park,
Boston, last May 12 when the Sox
played t he Washington Senators.
'There was no homer in the first
game, and the award fell to the
scorer of the first run, Schilling,
and Carl Yastrzemsli, who knocked
A total of 88.85 barrels was gath-
deterioration in quality of the juice
during storage.
Dr. Francis and a co-worker found
that the first noticeable change in
quality for cocktail stored at room
temperatures or above is a darkening
in color. This color change is caused
by a breakdown of red pigments and
development of brown pigments.
They followed this change !by meas-
uring the light absorbed at 415 and
515 millimicrons wavelength. The
former value (415) increases as the
brown pigments develop and the lat-
ter (5!15) decreases as the red pig-
ments disappear. This makes the
415/515 ratio a good index of juice
.better index o
uality An evenptember
quality can be derived by combiningS
this ratio with an index of overall
redness as measured with a color-
imeter. They found that the best way
organisms also takes place later in
the growing season.
Fall Treatments
Dr. Doughty believes that success
ful control of storage rots by maneb
dips at harvest also indicates some
rot organizations do not enter the
berries until after they are harvested.
Additional treatments during this
season may partially answer some
of these questions, he feels.
In short it seems conditions were
very favorable for a large Washing
ton crop this fall, as was the case
in 1961.
NEW JERSEY
W
Coolest Month
er o
The month of September was the
coolest September in the thirty-five
t
maximum temperature was
as 86
and there were 4 days when the
shelter mimum temperatures were
in the 30s, actually reaching down
t t , a new low
°
to 30 on the 25th, a new low for so
early in the month. The average
temperature for the month was 61.9 °
W;~n ipte duc-Theto minimize the color change during
la~v~·laie~·e-~Niialuls.
ered at the White Pine bog, a
better than average-Mass. produc-
tion and delivered to Ocean ay
f o r marketing. Based on Ocean
Spray estimated net returntto the
grower on tinunber of beies
the amount split between the two
was $888.60. Checks for $444.25 were
presented at bogside by Executive
Vice President and General Manager
of Ocdia Spray Edward Gelthorpe.
Schilling acceded for both players,
the Sichillings firs trying tSer ihand
at scooping rnd mechanical picking.
R—esearchBoosts
Research
Cranberry Juice
Cock-tail
The cranberry cocktail-a bever-
age made from cranberries, water
and sugar with ascorbic acid added
to provide vitamin C-is on its way
to Ibecoming tastier than ever.
Agricultural Experiment Station
research at the University of Massa-
chusetts has made it possible to con-
trol the choice of raw berries to pro-
duce a cocktail more uniform in
color and flavor.
Since the color of the juice can
also be measured, it is possible to
predict the color of the cocktail from
the color of the raw berries. A
color measuring machine known as a
colorimeter is used.
The study to determine the rela-
tion between color of cranberries and
color and stability of juice was head-
ed up by Dr. F. J. Francis in the
department of food science and tech-
nology. Another part of the research
was to develop methods of following
storage is to store the product at
ool temperatures. (Science News,"
University of 'Massachusetts.)
F T
res rom s
(Continued from P!age 6)
recorded on five occasions in Au-
gust, with total precipitation of 0.65
inc. T e ws te warmes wea
5.6t less than normal.
Heavy On
Rainfall during the
hs6.04 wwhich inches, was
ther during September, maximums 'han he n a
of 88, 87 and 82 degrees being re-more
tain
month was
2.42 inches
inches
corded.
.
Color
B Fruit Good Siz, Color
FruitSizeGood
Grayland are reported as of fairly
good color, good size and quality.
There was, however, Dr. Doughty
found, considerable field rot showing
up in some areas, wr were
where, vines
heavy or weeds and grass caused
poor light and aeration. It is difficult
to get enough fungicide sprays into
the vines under such conditions.
Some Rot
Several fungicides provided good
control of most rot organisms, these
being, maneb, ferbam, captan and
phaltan. The main problem Doughty
finds is timing, i. e, making
application just prior to the time
fungus infection oc cur s. This is
sometimes difficult since not all of
dbut
the rot organizations infect the ber-
ries at the same time. Experiments
and observations have shown that
Despite the fact that the rainfall has
been amplle for the latter part of
August and the month of September,
te ro s so s e uring
mmer mn
cranberry reservoirs is still much
elow normal.
evere rost ss
he se est fost pel so ey
the season was experience by c berry
gr s n the nihts eptember
23rd, 24th and 25th. Temperatures
as low as 14 (North Branch)
ee r d A few growers repote
temperatures below 20° and
everal reported readings in the low
s The s widespread dama
theresulting
from ths frost, particularly
whe er was a lack of
N g awares
not all had a sufficiency
of water to protect their berries.
There was omplete destruction of
cranberries on at least one small
one of the principal area.
gus infection is during blossoming Crop Outlook Very Poor
gus infection is
or shortly thereafter. There is some As of October 1st, the New Jersey
evidence now that infection of rot (iCpntiniued on page 20)
Seventeen
,-
.~'Z
Eighteen~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*
cli ~ ~ (ISSUE OF OCTOBER 1963
&~j
C^QLJL5ia~li ~VOL 28 -NO. 6 (
A BETTER YEAR?
The big "news" of this month seems
to be that the decision by the Cranberry
Marketing Order Committee, meeting at
Boston, October 14th, that there need be
no berry "set-aside" this fall. This vote
came about, after voting five percent re
striction earlier, when it seemed the 1963
total U.S. crop would be considerably
larger than it later appeared.
This, apparently, means that the cran-
berry industry in its crop marketing this
fall, is just about as it used to be, that is
all berries produced are "free" fruit, to
be sold by the various distributors, exactly
as if there was no marketing order in ef-
fect. It would seem that the committee
acted wisely in removing this restriction
as soon as it became apparent in view of
actual conditions that restriction was not
necessary. We do not see, at the moment,
how there can be any quarrel with this
decision, certainly not on the part of those
who were strongly opposed to such an
order in the first place.
It may be recalled that during the
marketing order hearings, George C. P.
Olsson, president of Ocean Spray and later
chairman of the marketing committee, fre-
quently refered to the order as a "bridge,"
to better 'marketing, which could be used
when deemed necessary.
Others have referred to the order as
an industry "tool," a tool which is there
to be used, when and if needed. It might
be likened to a spare tire on an automobile.
When a spare is needed "on the road," it
is really needed-and if not needed it is
not used. Last year this "tool" was neces
sary in the opinion of the majority of the
marketing order committee members. This
year, it has been decided it is not. Next
year, who knows at the present time, what
the production will be, and if a restriction
is necessary? The 1964 crop could turn out
to be a million and a half barrels instead
of the now estimated 1,197,000 or some-
where thereabouts.
'Come another year, there may, or may
not be a substantial purchase by the USDA
of fresh cranberries for the school lunch
program.
CLARENCE J. HALL
Editor and Publisher
Editor and Publisher
EDITH S. HALLAssociate Editor
Wareham, Massachusetts
SUBSCRIPTIONS, $4.00 Per
Year, FOREIGN, $5.00
CORRESPONDENTS ADVISORS
N
.Wisconsin
LE A. SORENSON
Cranberry Consultant
Wisconsin Rapids
Wisconsin
Washington
Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.
Oregon
FED HAGELSTEIN
Coquille, Ore.
Ma h
Massachuset
Dr. OHESTER E. CROSS
Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station
East Wareham, Mass.
New Jersey
P. E. MARUCCI
New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station
Pemberton, New Jersey
One thing is certain, however, as is
the case every year the weather cannot
be predicted. One area may be hit by bad
weather and other areas not, as seems to
be the case in Wisconsin this past season.
On the West Coast the weather was generally
favorable and the crop is up.
But better controls, say, in frost protection,
through sprinklers or other improved
water resources, improved chemicals, constantly
increasing "cranberry know-how"
may steadilly help reduce the weather
hazards.
Nineteen
SErDV IN
Fresh From The Fields
(,Coni.uefrom pe 1)
Conuedfrom page 1
cranberry -crop looks very poor. Some
veteran cranberry growers are re-
porting the worst crop in many years.
IGrowing conditions have Ibeen ex-
tremely bad all year. Many spring
frosts, adverse weather during the
polination period, sre ere drought
and early autumn frosts have been
the main factors which have caused
the Ipoor 'crop.
Half Crop Wet Harvest
An estimate is made that this fall,
that more than half of the New Jer-
sey crop 'will be harvested wet, with
"water wheels." It is reported that
all of Haines ,and Haines, Lee Broth-
ers and Arpin Cranberry Com'p'any
will all 'be picked by this method;
'most ,of 'the property of Clarence
Worth, Jeffrey's Branch Cranberry
Comipany, Jac's Cranberry Company
O NSIIN
WIIS CI
1 0 Un I 1
0OYVL II 9VI n 0
-' -~~~~~~~ -~members
and Anthony R. DeMarco, some of
Ocean IBerry, Joseph J. White, Theo-
dore ,H. Budd, most of these being
among the larger and more import-
ant growers.
Growers do not use aluminum dikes
to divide bogs as is being done
in Oregon, but where bogs are divid-
ed the owners (are building new earth
and turf dams.
The Bordentown plant of Ocean
Spray, upon which extensive improve-
ments have been made is function-
ally "'beautifully," ,according to Ed
Lipman, 'area manager.
R E G N
Bandon Expects 50,000
Harvest got underway in the Ban-
don area the first of October, and
William T. Dufort, Oregon Ocean
Spray manager said he anticipated a
production of about 50,10O0 barrels
INDIAN TRAIL, nc.
WORKING-MERCHANDIZING-SELLING
this fall, contrasted to 28,000 last
year. There are about 130 grower
-ofOcean Spray.
Packaging of fresh fruit began at
that time; an average of 600 cases of
the fresh product is packaged daily
by about 30 employees. The fresh
fruit is sold primarily on the Coast,
in Oregon and California.
OREGON STUDIES
(Continued from Page 4)
evaluated under dry picked and
water harvest conditions. Both refrigerated
and non-refrigerated stor
ages will also be compared. The incidents
of storage rots will 'be determined
for each treatment at the
conclusion of the storage period.
UR UIl ED
L
CULVER T PIPE
11--and
FLOW GATES
Felker Bros. Mfg. Co.
.-GROWNCCABRISMARSHFIELD WISCONSIN
~
WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES
12 Months of the Year ...
· ^'
Moving FRESH-FROZEN-
-CANNED & JUICE-
Striving always to move TOP-QUAL-
ITY products at TOP PRICES.for bet-
ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers.
P. O. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS.
Twenty
Phone 230-231
~~SPRINKLER
SYSTEMS
PUMPS
HIGH CAPACITY
W TLLST
ROBERTS
IRRIGATION
STEVENSSERVICE
POINT
WISCONSIN
SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS
IFOR SALE I OUR PRODUCTS
SEARLES JUMIOI
JMcFARLIN Cranberry
Whole Cranberry Sauce Cranberry Chilli SauceVine sVJin.".es -i Cransweets Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce
|HOW^EAS Strained Sauce Spiced Cranberries
for delivery in 1963
for delivery 19ii3 Diced Cransweets Cranberry Orange Relish$12500T. [run. Apple Vinegar
. Cranberry Sauce Cranberry
T F..D. Cranberry
15. 100 ron I Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Juice
i_ii Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri
[NTRESTED1 ?~INTERESTED g Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari
i
: Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri
UINiii^::: ICranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree
i Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake
|PURCHASING iiii Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries
WISCONSIN Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries
CRANBERRY I •
CPROPAERTIES
I Cranberry Products, Inc.
*.I*********^ Ii EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN
B.S. & M.S.
University of Wisconsin
Fees Reasonable I I
EAGLE RIVER I I
WISCONSIN
DANA MACHINE &SUPPLY Co. YOU J !I
Wis. Rapids Wis.
MFGS. of:.
SPRAY BOOMS AT READING THIS AD
GRASS CLIPPERS
FERTILIZER SPREADERS
Getsinger Retracto tooth
OTHERS
pickers
Dryer.
DIISTR. of: I WILL READ YOURS IN I
Iv
VEE BELTS & PULLEYS
CONVEYOR BELTING g A TD 1 I I
STEELg LMagI iJl $
i Magazine I
O(rhan pray Nbnui
PUBLISHED MONTHLY
Ocean SprayAdvertising Goes National
Three Products...Three W"ays
Ocean Spray's three biggest sellers will have national advertising to
boost sales this season. Fresh Cranberries will have network radio and
a $10,000 Cash Prize Recipe Contest. Cranberry Sauce will have full
page, full-color national magazine ads, and Cranberry Juice Cocktail will
have network and spot television.
Where to Stop, Look and Listen for
Ocean Spray Advertising
STOP and be tempted by the serving
ideas for Cranberry Sauce in these
magazines. October issues of American
Home and Good Housekeeping, and No-
vember and December issues of McCall's,
Ladies' Home Journal,Good Housekeeping,
and American Home.
LOOK for Cranberry Juice Cocktail
commercials along with these TV shows:
on NBC Stations, Loretta Young, Truth
or Consequences, Merv Griffin's Shop-
ping Spree, You Don't Say, and Match
Game. More later on.
AND LISTEN for the details of the
Big Prize-Winning Fresh Cranberry
Recipe Contest on Arthur Godfrey Time
and the Don McNeill Breakfast Club.
Both programs have a long record of
effective selling! Arthur Godfrey is on
209 CBS Stations, and Don McNeill, 317
NBC Stations.
GODFREY TIME ON CAPE COD
was September9, when the popular radio
and TV star flew into Hyannis airport
with his business manager to find out
what cranberries are all about.
Arthur likes to know about the products
he advertises, and what better way than
to get down on his hands and knees in
Bay View Bog in Hyannis and scoop a
few cranberries. He found the mechani
cal picking much easier after receiving
instruction from Ray Syrjala, bog
manager.
He later helicoptered to Onset to view
the screening, packaging and processing,
and to sup some cranberry treats made
by Janet Taylor. As he said, "They're
loaded with flavor" and he carted off a
cranberry jewel salad.
Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page
Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page
PREVIOUS............Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine September, 1963
NEXT................Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine November, 1963
GO TO INDEX

SEBVINC; a $4QBOOQ88 A YEAR INBUSTRY
:HEHIT\O""_"""'"""""
tij
'''''::li·
:::::X
j iiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiijjiiiiiiiiiiiiijj
::iB#
is·:? " asi
18#i
IPiI
#8#:n:
j:ii:i)iliiiiB3iiiiiiiiia#iix
iijj:': ai '""'."
ii ::
-:--t:s 18:j:::I:::f:t
::::::8:::18j::i
;si:
QliiI8B88i888iQOBiiQii-s#:::
::f:::::::::8E ii188888888888 aljliliiiiiiiii5i:
;:::::::::::::::j::::j:i:i:#88 i:
:::8::i:i:i:i:i:il::::::::: ·I-·L...I-.I·)I-XO:·:0:·:·;-:-;;·;·
·
5
.'i-··-·'···I·I
;:ii::i::::::i:::::::i:i::::::I:Sli:i
::i.::::::::::i:j:::::::::::i:: :·:·:·:·:··I:··:·:·:
i·:·:·:·:·:·:·:.:li:::::·::::i::·::: :i:8:888885588888B[IBB[BBc::i:i:I:i:
:·:·:··r:·:·:·: '''
BitisiritiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliPiiiiiBii
3 :··:·:
'""'"" iSi:8 i:i:i:::::i:::il:l:l:::1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1
:I:1:1:i:i:i:ii:::i:i::I:::::18::t::::::
iiiiiiSiiiiliijiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
:::::::::::·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
·::::::::::::::I:::r:I:::I:i:i:i:I:ia i:i
X·5:-: ::·:
WiS:ssi:i:I:::::"'-:"'::::::":::i
t:I::i:::I:I:I:I:::::::.::·R
:::::·:·:·:::·:·:·:·:·:-:::::::::::
iiir
5·:·:·:-·····.·:·.:-:·:·:-:-:·:-: :·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:
:·:·:·:·:·:i··:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·I
::::::::::::::::::::::51:::l:l:l:i:i:i:
::::::::::::::::;:I:·::::::::::::::::: P#8#d ,:iiiiiiiiir::iiitllii!liiirjiiii'XI
"':'':':':':':':·:·:·······:·:·:·: :·:·:
ri:i:i:i:i:i:::::i::::1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:: :·:·:·:-:·;
r·:;:·:·:·:·:·:·:::.:.:::::.::::::::::::
j.jj
·I1Eiil
:.:·:.:.:·:·:·:·:·::I
RW nrml·:-·:··:·:·:·:·:-:-:·:·:.:·:::·::: 'I:::::1
CBaFaE Ce.sD ':I:l::::::a::::::::::g·
i:I:l:I:I:::I;:l:1:;8B8(k;ji:i:i::::: ... i,:-':i:::::::::j::::j:i:li:::::::Lj:'::::::::::::::::::::ji:l:i:':i:iSi:i:li::::::::::·::I::;1::
888888888BWWIRWWRRRRRR4999C·:::::::R:: """
iiijjji :?::·:;:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:
:::::::i::s::::::::::iaiElilildll
:::::::i:: :iiiii·lll1:i:i:I:I::.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.
,;;,1:
lalEW JERSEW :·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·::·r··:·::·:r·V·:·::-:
Ilp4
:I:l:l:l:18i:l:i:i:i:R:i:::::::i s. :#
::R :·:·:·:·:-x·:-:·:·:·:r·:-:·:-:·: isjfI
BPBPji ::::::::::n:::::::::a:::::::::: :i:
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: p:i:1::I:I:::::::i:i:::::j::i::::::::;'··::··;·;'·:;·.·.·.·.·.v.·.·.·.·.-.:.
::::ii :::::::;i:·:r:·::::i:::::·::::i:::::::j:
·i:::i:i:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::! :.:.:.:.:.:.:.:::::::::::::::::::::::::: :·:·:·:·;·:·:·:·:·:·:;·;·:·::·:·:·
:·:·:·:·:·:·: :::;::::: :::yj:::
WISCONSBM
iiiiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiii.)iijiiiiiiiiiii ::::::::;:;:;:;:;:;:;:':':':':':':':':':':' ;*"-.'lm;.·.·..·.·.·.·.··.·.·.·.·.
:·:·:·:·:·: ::::::::::::.:.:.:::i:::::::::IiIiiiBiii:iii:iii:i:i:i:iii:i:i:ii ::::: Yi::i:·:i::r::,:Ri:i:i8::::·::::i::::::::I:::::::l:ii:l:IW
:p:::::::::::::i:::I:i:i:i:i:i:::ii::: :i4::::i
:::::::::::::: :j: .:.:.:.:':':':':':':j::::::::::::::::::: :::s::r:::::r::;:· II:.:I:I :::-::::::-:.::::::-;:·:-:::·:i::::::·::L-:i·:·:'·'"'·'·'··:::::::i:::::::::::::i::::::::: Y:i::::::::2::I:I:J:1R::i:i:i:i::;;:1:a:::I:
'''''"'''I'''
':';';';''''':·'·'``·''·'·':'·'·':':'::::::::6::::::::B:::::::i::;I::::':'::
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHi :i:::::::::::: i:l:l:l:fE:i:i:i:Bi:i:i:i:i::::::l:ff:1::
::::::·:::::::·::::::::;:::;:;:;:·:·:·:· ::::::::: ,......:.....:.:.:.:.
:I:·:::::·::::::::::::I:::::::::::·:·:··:I:i:i:i:i:i:i:i::::::::::r:::::I:1:r::: .......:::::
j::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·::::i:::.·.·:·:·:···:·: :·:·:·:
·:i:i:i:::::::::::::i::l:l:I:l:
i:l::l:i:i:i:i:i:i:i::::::::::l:I:l:l:
iijiiii:jjiijijiiiijjiiiiiiijiijiiji::::·:i::::::::::::::::::i:::::::::::::: :j: :Y w:IMi: :::::,
:::i::::::i::::::::::::i::3 :·;:·:::::::
;:.:.:;:.:.:I::::::::::::::: ;·.·-)······.· :·:·:·:·:·:·:-:·:
:'':':'':':':':':':':':·:·:::::::::::: :::::::::::::i:i:::::::::::::: :: ···.··.·I:::::::::::i::::::::::::::::::::::::;:::
::;:;:;:·:;:':·:·:·:·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;:::::'
::·:.:
2:::':::::::i:,:i:I::i:l:ii:idt:iBiil:i:i:i:i:i::::l:::I:::::lj:
$I ) W E B O N :::::::::;:;:;:;:·:·::::::::::::::::::::
::i::::·:·:·:·:·:::::;::::::;::
::::::::;:::: .ilj.jiil::5::::iji:::r::::::i::::::::
1::il:l:i:I:I:i:iS1Ili:::::::;:;:;::: Ygc::::::::::::i:aibiii:1:j.:::::::
:,.:.:.:.:·:·;·;·;·;·.·.·;·.·.·.·.1.....:::::::I:I:::j:j:i:j:I:i:i:i:i:i:i:::::i ·r:·:·:·:.Yi·:·:·'·.·.Jo-·.·.·-;·'-·:·:·I
i::::::::i::::;:::.:.:.:.:.:.:::::::::
;·.·.·.·...·.1...1.1.1.1.
:·:·:·:
·
:::::, ;aii Bt·:;ijiiiiiiiDIIlirliiiit:3::
:·: :1:1:1:1:i:i:i:i:i:i:i:::i:i:::::il:I::: :·:5·:·::·:·:
·-··I:I:tsn:1:ri:I:I:I:i:si:i:::::::j:::r:
:·:::::::·:::::::::: :·.·.,;::::::;:·:::::::··
:::::::::1:l::i:i:l:i:i:i:i::::::::::::::i:i:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ;:·:;:·:·;:::·:·:·.·;·;·.·.·.
.·.;·.·.u.r
lij%
::::·:::i:a::::::::::::::;::j:i::·:·:,: :.:.·;·9:::p:::1:j-::·::2 ::::::::i::::::::::;i:::::::R:::
:·: .;.:.:.:.:.;......1..::...::;:·:;:;:·:.: :'·:''·'··;2:·:·:I:·:·:·::':::::::i:::
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;:::;:::;:·:::::.:
··
:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:;:;:;:;:::::-:.:.::::::I:::::::::l:i:::
:·: .:,:::,, ,:::i:i:i:.:l:i:l:l::·::::::ii::: :j:::::::::::::::::::::·:.::::::::
:::::::::::::::::::::.:;:;:.:.:::I:::::: u:::::::::::l:::::::i;:l:i:
·
:···.:::::::::i·:::::::·::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::I:I:I:I:i:i:i:i:i:::i:::i:::: :·:·:·:·:·:· I:r:r:i:riigrilililliiiiiiiiii?Pc::
·. ................ :i:i:1 oo:::
:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:::·::
::::::::::::1:1:::1:I;:;:;:::::::.::::::
i:i:i:i:i:::i:::::::::i:::::jli
a:::::;
:::·:·:·:-:·:·:':':;';':':':'·:·'·'· ::::::::::::;:;:·:;:::::·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·: :;.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::
::1:1:1:1::::::::::::::::::::::::::::·:: '··'·'·'·'·` '·:·:·:·:···I·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·
-·····'··'·:·:·'-:·:·:·:·:··············
··--:::::·
: I:II·::::::::::8::ii:):::::::::::::::::
'LCtNBERRY BFB" is the Big Fall Fashion color, shown in Magazines and Fashion
stores evewwhere as in this disalay (see sr3r on Ige 4).
40 Cents OCTOBER, 1963
DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS
Worcester Paper READ _ The
Box Corporation CRANBERRIES CHARLES W.HARRIS
MEDFORD, MASS. MAGAZINE Com
Tel. MYstic 8-5305 AN 451 Old Somerset Ave.
Built from $750. North Dighton, Mass.
Manufacturers WHEEL-OFF RIGS
FLUMES
^of 111II Built to Order * Irrigation Systems |
Folding Cartons Welder and Power I Sprinklers
Shovel Available i
a^~~~nrld~~~ — I rc~~Weedkillers
and Will do Custom Sanding Iseetiides
Displays OivaHannula Fungicies
-—_ Carver, Mass. UN 6-4419 I Kiekens -Duster and Sprayers U
WATER WHITE
K E R O S E N E Wareham Savings EQUPMENT
For use on Cranberry Bogs Bank HA
Also STODDARD SOLVENT WAREHAM and FALMOUTH SEPARATOR
-SEPARATOR
Prmpt Delivery Service Savings Accounts WAREHAM, MASS.
FraMonia Coal Co. Loans on Real Estate Irrigation Systems
riani a . ISafe Deposit Boxes to Rent PUMPS
Wareham, Mass. I Phone CYpress 5-3800 SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT
Tel. CY 5-0039 KImball 8-3000
_____________I
DARLINGTON
PICKING IMACHINES
The National Bank of Wareham
Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK
ALFRED PAPPI
At Screenhouses, Bogs and
Funds always available for sound loans Pumps Means Satisfaction
WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000
Complete Banking Service SUBSCRIBE TO
CRANBERRIES
Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.
Cranberries On berries will also !be on the list ofCranberry Growers UCranberriesOn plentiful foods for November.
CranherryGrowers USDA "Plentiful The list includes suggestions to
^ R l l to offer a preview in
Foods"5List merchants
Cranberry Institute has notified October to establish their stores as
handlers of cranberries that cran-"cranberry headquarters" for the
berries are included in the USDA holiday meals ahead, to spot fresh
Octcber plentiful foods list. The cranberries in the poultry depart
ff 1^ ~USDA distributes this material to ment to go with turkeys, broiler-
the public media-newspapers, mag-fryers, in bakery departments to in-
azines, radio and television, to dis-spire cranberry muffins and other
pf_\l tribution trade, institutional trade, cranberry-based baked items.
l •• •etc. is of real value.
1 This service TlopqUallty] Cranberries are listed for all three Proclaims "National
meals on the "Menu of the Month;"
breakfast, as apple, grape, cranberry School Lunch Week"
medley; lunch, cranberry juice; din-FRESH CRANBERRIES TO
ner, fresh cranberry 'pie and with BE INCLUDED AGAIN
extra emphasis for week beginning A proclamation by President
October27 bro s cran er-Kennedy to observe the week be-
Octoer 27, broiler-fryers, ginnig October 13 as "National
Robt. Y. Savary, Inc. es. School Lunch Week" has been made.
CHRYSLER -PLYMOUTH USDA notes the foods listed are For the past two years fresh cran-
Onset Ave. East Wareham expected to be in plentiful supply, _ _
CY 5-3530 throughout the United States. Cran-Western Pickers
_____ Parts and Repairs
1963 Mod
SHARON BOX COMPANY, INCAgent for
ESTABLISHED 1856
SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS J. E. BRALEY & SON
We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs. MACHINE SHOP
Either Standing or Cut 78 Gibbs Ave
* Highest Prices Paid * Wareham, Mass.
Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass.
i HAVE YOUR REPAIRS
Office Phones: Sharon, SU 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 DONE NOW
If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost
Use All Heart Redwood
60,000 Ft. on hand for
Prompt Delivery FOR EXPERT SERVICE
ON YOUR
|;6x8 -6x6 -4 x6 -4x4 Briggs & Strtten
BnS
Planking -Square Edged or Matched ENGINES
We use only factory-approved
2 x 4 -2 x 6 2x 8 2x 10 methods and original parts. Per.
sonnel are trained under factory
SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE oseromsplon See check-up
ousLor a
"DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" right.
(BRIfCS&STRATONi
Tel. RO 3-8811
E.W.Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MAIN STREET
MIDDI.LBORO ROAD EAST FR]EETOWN, MASS GARAGE
l Carver, Mass. Tel. UNion 64582
One
berries, to the value of approxi-
mately $2.6 million 'have been pur-
chased by the United iStates De-
partmetnt of Agriculture for use in
scihoil lunches. This year, the USDA
has informed Cranberry Institute, it
will purdhase an, as yet, another
undetermined quanity of fresh cran-
berries from the 1963 crop.
A White House press release an-
nounces nutritious lunches will be
served to some 16 million children
daily under this program, which was
introduced through Congressional
act in 1946. The program serves one
out of every three ichildren in the
United States.
Cumulatively, it is described as a
$1.25 billion food industry, serving
TAKE ADVANTAGE
2.7 billion lunches a year. It has
becolme ithe largest single food serv-
ice in the nation, and is essentially
a community effort, and is firther
described as lan effective use of
agricultural labundance and giving
expanded markets for farmers, food
industries and local businessmen.
The Federal Government contri-
butes some cash and food to schools
partiocipating in the program, the
Federal contribution amounting to
about 20 percent of the total ost,
the release states. Children's pay-
ments, which 'average about 27 cents
a lunch, take care of about 60 per-
cent of the cost. State and other
local sourices pay the remainder. It
is estimated four-fifths of this ood
. t.
is bought iby the schools in ther
cwn local mariets.
Lunlchooms are required to be
operated on a non-pofit basis, and
that free or reduced-price luches
be provided for children determined
by local school offcials to be un
able to pay the full price. Schools
taking part follow a men pattern
set up by the USDA, based on
trition ese h, nd usig t
pattern, local school rgram mana
gers plan their menus to include the
proper quantities of protein -rich
foods, fruits, and vegetables, bread,
butter or margarime and milk.
U"IDA Buys 70,000
BbIs. Fresh Berries
The United States Deparnment of
Agriculture has decided to buy 70,000
barrels of fresh 'cranberries for the
national school lunch progrm.
All handlers were invited to bid
on the amount, in wthole or panrt.
Bid has been awarded to Ocean
Spray Cranlberries for the 70,000 at
a price of $13.80 a'barrel. Last year
the purclhase was for nearly 100,000
barrels at la barrel price of $13.20.
Berries are to be screened and
in 25 pound caitons, and it
is understood they wtill be berries
from Massachusetts and Wisconsin.
Iyt is^ ialso udestood there were one
or two bids besides that of Ocean
Spray.
This is a sale lapproaching a million
dollars land reduces the fresh
.crop from the general market in
the iamount of 70,000 barrels.
Statement required by the Act of August
24, 1912, as amended by the acts of
March 3, 1933, July 2, 1946 and June
1960 (74 Stat. 208) showing the
ofownership, management, and circulation
CRANBERRIES, The National Cranberry
Magazine published monthly at
Wareham, Massachusetts for October,
1963.
1. The names and addresse's of the
publisher, editor, managing editor, and
business managers are:
Publisher-Clarence J. F. Hall, Wareham,
Mass. Editor--Clarence J. F. Hall,
Wareham Mass. Managing editor-Clarence
J. F. Hall, Wareham, Mass.
2. The owner is:
Clarence J. F. Hall, Wareham, Mass.
3. The known bondholders mortgagee's,
and other security holders owning
or holding 1 percent or more of total
amount of bonds, mortgages, or other
securities are:
None.
Total No. Copies Printed (Net Press
Run), average no. copies each issue
during preceding 12 months, 2100; Single'
Issue nearest to filing date, 2200; paid
circulation, average. by mail, carrier de
livery or by other means, 1730; nearest
issue, 1730; Sales through agents, news
dealers or otherwise, average, 25, nearest
issue, 25; Free distribution, by carrier,
delivery or other medans, 35, nearest
issue 35.
--DUCommonwealth of Massachusetts ---Plymouth,
S.S. September 18 1963
of the BETTER things of life.
The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of
t b r t s
these better things -efficient use in power for cran-
berry bog operations,
and in the hoe.
berry bog- operations,
and in the home.
-""—""—I •' — — —" "—packed
•E--—
'—1-—l"-1"—''"—-{-11
Dxymoii.k Fo~ Ce 0
roui~n\/_ rir
WAREHAM -PLYMOUTH
CYpress 5-0200 Pilgrim 6-1300
Hold P/ullfavor' T
'LJ OTuUVl~~f~av
/^l^^ '/ o lJ) |11,
yoL/urJu/ l cyu1 \JUtV\J t I iJ\A/Rerr
I OM NY
2·_
Nrd ~~o D .~~~~PANYPersonally appeared, Clarence' J. F.
U CT'S
Hall, and made oath that the statements
Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry... and him are true, before me'.
---7 _e
I _BtA Lsubscribed
'pepukar Best Foods Division grocery brands/for the consumer. BARTLETT E. CUSHING,
My commission expires April 4, 197(),
Two
—
Iass. lran erry
Station ad Field Notes
by CHESTER E. CROSS
irctor
Director
Crop In Early
The Massachusetts cranberry har-
vest iscompleted is
nearly ahis
being written ('Oct. 16). This is a
remarkably early date to speak in
such fashion, for it was just a year
ago that because there were still so
many growers with unpicked bogs,
the frost warning service was con-
tined until Nov. 7 and several gro-
ers were turning to water-harvesting
as a last resort to get the crop in.
How is this accounted for?
gbe
A warm, sunny early summer
gave us a fairly short, dry blooming
period in which bee activity proceed-
ed at top level day after day. Au-
guest brought more than normal
rainfall, and this was rather well
distri'buted throughout the month.
distribiutedh roughtut the month
·Coupleid with this is an important
point--on 22 days in August the
point-on 22
temiperature was subnormail,
temperature
was subnormal, onon 3
SUBSCRIPTIONS
U. S. $4.03 per year
Foreign $5.0 per year
$5.00 per year
ADVERTISING
foreign, m RequestCanadian
on y
growers. einformafftion
wite:
"^--~~-more it was normal, and on only 6
days did temperatures rise above
normal. Both temperature and rain-
fall combined to ripen our crop early
and well. By the 7th the harvest was
under way.
As so often happens, picking was
halted bly rain on the morning of
September 13 and could not be
-generally resumed until September
24! Measurable rain fell at the
berry Station on 15 days in Sept.
a trae ere te o oe.
and traces were noted on two others.
All this only adds to the astonishing
speed of harvest. There were only 9
or 10 picking days in Sept.
Octor Warm, Dry Againe
October is different again, with a2
return to dry summer weather. Only
one-fifth of an inch of rain has
fallen in the first 16 days and none
is in sight. While every effort should
made to conserve our dwindling
water supplies, it is my opinion bogsshould not be allowed to get too dry
right after harvest. Where water is
plentiful, get the trash flood on and
off; Where you have them use your
sprinkler systems to wet down the
vines which have been mauled in
harvesting.
Tooled To Harvest Fast
Finally, it appears that Massachu-
setts growers are "tooled up" to
harvest their crop in 20-25 days.
Current estimates indicate we have
To kill weed trees
picked our fourth-largest crop in
history and it is my opinion it was
picked in fewer days than in any
previous harvest.
Banldon Holds
17th Cranberry
Festival
queen of the 17th annual Ban-
den (Oregon) Cranberry Festival is
Donna Tucker. Blonde Donna was
sponsored Iby the Lion's Club, and is
the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Howard
Tucker. She succeeds Carole Camer11962
festival.
Winners in the Festival parade
were: school division, first, second
and third grade Ocean Crest School
float, "Shipping on the Coquille;"
'commercial division, W o o d a n d
Heights 'Shopping Center, first; civic
division, Gamma Lamba Chapter,
Myrtle Point, first; "kiddie" section
first costume, 'Ti'mpthy Pruett, dressed
as "andon Lighthouse;" vehicle
division, first Stanley Albertson, riding
his "Stanley Steamer;" pets division,
Gary Ellis 'as Davy Crockett
and his Ipet racoon.
There was a tie for the title of
"Queen of the kitchen" between Mrs.
Gene (Mary) 'Strain and Mrs. Kenneth
(Beverly) Ingram. 'Ribbon win-
around cranberry
berry Grower in all U.S. grow-Thste incorsmcomtrd
ing areas, plus individual sub-1 S tree injector is micro-metered
ctAddress: ue.J. Hall r D A K I
scribers in this country and for prescribed dosages.
kountry for
foreign, m os t I y Canadian
Cranberries Magazine, P. /
growers. al gr\ 0. For information and prices write:
Box 71, Wareham, pMass. 02571, iid
Address: IC. J. Hall
Cranberries Magazine, iP. O.
Box 71, Wareham, Mass. 02571,
Tels: 295-0027 Res. 295-9533 7 Clermont Ave., Trenton, N.J. 08618
Three
bogs use the lightweight easy to use
and pries
ners in the Cranberry Fair included,
Mrs. Mary Belle 'Shortridge, mixed
fruit; canning, Mrs. Beverly Ingram,
whole berries, served sauce, Mrs.
Mary Strain; Jam, Mrs. Ingram,
juice, Mrs. 'Nellie Anderson, decora-
tion, Mary Strain; pie contest, Mrs.
Jackie Wilson; junior, mixed fruit
relish, iTamsin Hanna. Fresh berries
were exhibited by William Panter
and Jackie Wilson.
Madge Hickam ,o Riverton receiv-
ed the high point over -all trophy with
the iBandon Broncs, local 4-1H horse
club.
The Biandon High School Tigers
defeated the Toledo Boomers in the
Cranberry Bowl game as part of the
Festival iby a score of 60-0.
The Festival theme was "Do You
Remem!ber" and first graders dress-
ed as little Indians in a float won
second place in the 'school division
of the parade as "Little iWild Indians
Ate Little Wild Cranberries."
The 'Mystery King of the Festival
proved to be the Rev. Tim Dalrym-
pie, pastor of the First Presbyterian
Church. Mrs. Don Dodrill received
the prize for having been the first to
guess the identity of the "Mystery
King" before he was unveiled.
"Cranberry Red"
Sweeps The Nation
rhis Fall
Cranberries and cranberry products
are receiving unique promotion from
the fashion world this season as de-
partmenrt stores "hi-style" Cranberry
Red for women, children and even
men. Stores from Coast to Coast have
lavish display Windows, (17 in May
Company, Hollywood, California.)
The displays feature women's ap-
parell of all kinds 'in "Cranberry
'^Red" and include accessories, such
as handbags, in red, shoes, scarves,
umbrellas, jewelry. To encourage the
'ili i J . .
fashion-food affinity, Ocean Spray has
provided display posters and products
(as shown in the cover picture) to
department stores and speciality
shops, 'and has offered prizes to the
most creative display, window and
in-store.
As a special bonus, Ocean Spray
will serve Cranberry Juice Cocktail
free for a 'day to patrons of the prize
winning stores. According to Miss
Betty Buchan, publicity director of
the cooperative, the deadline for
photographs of the displays is No-
vember first. Prices will be awarded
and the juice served during the holi-
day season.
EQUIPMENT
C & |L~ ll* ^f
. Q L. C u I I N I
191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS.
This use of the color "Cranberry
Red" goes way back to the days of
the Indians, who colored rugs with
the berry. Incidentally, any red
seems to be called "Cranberry Red"
even to that color in old glassware.
We can only say this is "all grist to
the cranberry mill."
On
Rot In Storage
Te Oregon tate University Department
of Botany and Plant Pathology
is currently making tests to determine
the effectiveness of certain
c~~Ichemical treatments for the preven
tion of rots in cranberries during
storage. Coos County extension
agent Fred Hagelstein reports that
the work being done by Dr. Edward
K. Vaghan should help determine
whether various fungicides can aid
in cutting down storage losses of
dry picked and water harvested fruit
grown under Oregon conditions.
Various dip and spray treatments
including Harven, Verdan and several
experimental materials are being
included in the tests. These materials
showed promise in Vaughan's
preliminary trials conducted a year
ago.
Besides determining th e effectiveness
of these materials to control
storage rot breakdown, the trials
will determine whether there are
objectionable residues and also give
Cranberry Bog Service
PRUNING FERiTILIZING
RAKING WEED TRIMMINC
Machinery Sales
PRUNER$ POWER WHEELBARROWS
RAKES WEED TRIMMERS
FERTILIZER SPREADERS -Large & Small
CFor FurthllAK lnfAK•«1Qtion Chigh
For -.
Flurther Information Call•..
F. P. CRANION i. C. LEONARD
Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521
C.J. TRIPPRockwellWyian3-5526
Wyman 5-2013
C^~r--nbenKKUr ~indications concerning the economics
Rntfogo O ~ US
of the various chemical treatments.
Vaughan's trials will also incorporate
laboratory tests to determine the
influence of the chemicals on the
rate of respiration of the fruit, a
contributing factor to storage rot
breakdown
A grower advisory group in the
Bandon area is assisting with certain
phases of the trail and has
expressed need for longer storage
lie of cranberries. Vaughan's preliminary
data last year showed as
as 39% loss from storage rots
after atwo months storage period.
Plots for Vaughan's present trials
were located on the Jack Dean and
Jim Olsen bogs at Bandon. Each of
the chemical treatments is being
on Page 20)
|
.Wyman 5-2013(Continued
Four
Issue of October 1963 -Vol. 28 No. 6
Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $4.00, Foreign, $5.00 per year
Second Clau Postage Paid at Wareoam, Maseachueatt Post Office.
FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C.J. H.
M AS S A C HU S E T T S with the latter much more severe. in 46 years. It was noted that for the
This frost whitened uplands and turn-past 15 months, the persistent trend
Late Sept., Rainy ed foliage black, but neither frost has been towards colder weather,
September weather, from about the was really a "killer." Forecasts were but, of course, with some months not
16th on, was anything except favor-out for about 21.22.23 on those dates following the pattern.
able towards getting the cranberry and on the first night only about Rainfall Up
crop off the vines. The weather was 25 was generally reached. There was September was also a wetter than
mostly rain, about a dozen days of some cloud and some wind, particu-normal month, with precipitation, as
this, plus a couple of other mornings larly on the Cape. An estimate of the measured at the State Bog, being 4.40
when bogs were wet from having frost loss was made at State Bog of inches, average for September is 3.56.
been sprinkled or flooded the night perhaps 2500 barrels, some of which A good deal of this rain came in
previous for frost. can be salvaged as the berries slashing, vicious storms, more remi-
Month Sees 40 % Off touched were all Blacks. niscent of winter storms than of fall.
However progress was made and A Very Cold September Frost Oct. 1
where on the 16th it was estimated September was a very cold month First frost of the fall characterized
at least 25 percent of berries were as a whole. It ended with a minus of as "rather dangerous" went out for
harvested and the picking was pro-128 degrees (Boston) or more than the morning of October first the pregressing
a little ahead of normal fcur degrees a day for the 30-day diction being 21-22. Lows of at least
schedule, on the last day of the period. There was practically none 21 were reached, but the State Bog
month the estimate of crop picked of the proverbial, Ibeautiful "Indian estimated there was no injury as
was 40-50 percent. These were most-Summer" weather. Month was put most growers Iby that time had high
ly all Blacks or other early varieties, down in books of the Boston Wea-spots and "cold holes" harvested.
as Howes seldom have sufficient ther Bureau as the coldest September However, this was a long and very
color to pick before October. __
Crop Holding Up
Crop at that time was estimated as AGENT FOR BOG
about holding up to estimate, with WIGGINS AIRWAYS SERVICE
"previous little" if any over-run.
Quality continued the best in several
years.
Sept. Frost Loss, 2500 Bbls. T T T T
The first really heavy frosts took AGRICULTURAL
place the nights of the 23rd and 24th,
CHEMICALS
CRANBERRY PICKING
I -BOXES| HAND SPRAYERS -TOOLS -POWER EQUIPMENT
Shooks, or Nailed
AUTHORIZED BRIGCCS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER
Stock Always on Hand
Let me repair your broken
boxes-or repair them yourself.
F.H.COLE R F. MORSE SON INC
Nort
Tel.
CaUer,iMa.3
Union.. 6-3330
I
.
Cranberry Highway
-....
West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553
F""
Five
general frost, not spotty as had been
the previous ones.
Weather then turned milder and
more seasonable for the first part
of October.
There was the warning for the first
frost described as dangerous on the
morning of October 5, with lows of
20-21 forecast. There were lows, as
low as 17 at some locations, but there
was often some wind and it was felt
there was no real frost loss. For one
thing, as the crop continued to be
harvest, berries remaining could be
flooded or sprinkled more easily.
Falling
Off?
Falling -Off?
On about that same weekend came
first indications that the Massachu-
setts crop might be fading a little.
Some of the larger growers were run
ning 10 percent over, while others
were running the same under; with
a number of smaller growers re-
porting a falling off.
Indian Summer
The second week in O i t o b e r
brought real "Irndian Slummer" or
more accurately a heat wave for
thre or four days, culminating in
reeordbreaking temperatures of 80's
nd evtemnto's o
and even
toete 90
Mostly Picked By Oct. 15
,Mostly
Up to Octber 5th there had been
very little rain-.2 inches as as re-
corded at the State Bog to hamper
harvest. As the result many grow-
ers, most ors,of includingsmaller
including the
ones had completed picking by the
Colum'bus Day, October 12th holiday.
Several of the larger operators,
however still had some berries to
get in.
Small Frost Loss
The month had been nearly nor
'~had~ ~been nor-
~~~UThemonth
mal in temperatures, (12 plus, Bos-
ton, Oct. 15) and frost loss was still
being estimated by the cranberry
Station at about only 2500 barrels
this fall.
.........
,
WISCONSIN
I_ 0 N I_N
September About Normal
Temperatures were slightly above
normal for September and rainfall
continucu ieJ1i normal. The first
half of the month was above normal
and the last half below normal, in
both precipitation and temperature.
Frost warnings were issued the
nights of the 4th, 13th, 20th, 21st and
Six
22nd. Coldest was the 13th when
readings in the teens were recorded
in the north. A light hail storm hit
northern Juneau County and west
Monroe County on the 28th. The
stones were small and round and in
some areas were several inches
deep. The Valley Corporation was
hit by this hail storm marking the
fourth time it was hurt by hail
storms this year. Soil moisture is
low throughout the state and ground
water tables are very low in some
areas, with no area up to normal.
The out look for October calls for
temperatures to average 1 to 2 de-
.
ees ave norma and precipitation
to be near the seasonal average of 2
inches.
inches.
Crop Falling Off
Harvest begun in earnest the last
week of September. Prior to that
date a few marshes ith short water
supplies or severe hail damage had
started. Early raking appeared to
indicate the crop was going to be
below estimate and this was borne
out when raking was completed at
months end on a number of smaller
marshes. Small berry size and poor
set in the center of sections was in
evidence. Only the young early plant-
ings or sand marshes were produc-
ing above average size berries, as a
result of higher nighttime minimum
temperatures and earlier start. Poor
crops in the center f the beds indi-
cated smaller of the hooks
severe chilling
and blossoms the night of June 19th
and the cool minimum temperatures
during bloom in early July. Beds
which were surface flooded during
those periods appeared to have bet-
ter set and larger berries.
350-375,000 Bbls.
Quality appears to be excellent
due to rather dry conditions during
bloom and immature berry development
and lack of floodingg dur
August. More marshes also used
more fungicides this year, following
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^
last years very poor keeping quality
. At mh edd
it a
year. At months end it appeared the
isconsin crop would probably run
between 350 to 375,000 barrels.
Would Have Been Second Biggest
The preliminary USDA forecast of
428,000 barrels would have been the
second largest in Wisconsin. After
blossoming in July, the berries
"swelled up like baloons", and there
were plenty of 'blooms which could
have meant plenty of berries.
No "Corn Weather"
Two reasons for the non-filing of
early hopes are given by Dr. "Mac"
Dana of the University of Wisconsin.
First -there is a saying that "corn
weather" is also cranberry weather,
and Northern Wisconsin got little of
this during August and September;
(and the berries didn't size, and second
a lot of the blossoms simply did
not set.
Some "Egg Beaters"
This fall several of the growers
have adopted the so-called Egg
Beater" picking machine developed
the West Coaist, just -as New Jersey
is now dosing on la large scale.
W AS H I N GT 0 N
Heavy Yield
Harvest underway on the
Peninsula 'bogs about October first
and John Sacks, manager of the
Long Beach Receiving Station esti
mated bogs were yielding heavillr.
Some bogs were yielding almost 250
barrels to the acre, achs reported.
Last year was one of the poorest
of recent years and the Long Beach
district yielded only about 12,000
barrels.
barrels.
The Ocean Spray plant at Markham
was sending a considerable portion
f the early-picked berries to
fresh market.
Some Water Lack
September had been very moderate
in precipitation, there being only
2.28 for the entire month and some
growers were being handicapped in
the wet harvest by lack of water.
Weather Improves
·current started out as
The season
t ou e oor or e
i'f it would be poor for !berry growth;
Jue hd 1 dys wth oe eur
June had 19 dayswith some measuraable
precipitation; July had 14, August
1I1 days and September 12.
ing in Juy te eater,
Starting in July, the weather, according
to Dr. Charles C. Doughty,
director of the oastal Washington
director of the Coastal
Station, Long Beach, became more
favorable
Good Fall
September and October were good
for growth and development of the
berries. Maximum temperature for
August was 75 degrees on Aug. 8
with a minimum of 40 on the 2nd.
Minimum in the low forties were
(Continued on Page 17)
Washington Has Achieved Highest Pro-
Wasnhmgtonduction Per Acre To Date Often Now
Third In Total Cranberry Production
Most Fruit Processed, But Growers Hope to Increase Fresh
Fruit-Sprinklers for Cranberry Bogs Apparently Develop-
ed There-Being the Third in a Series of West Coast
Articles.
Clarence J Hall
Cranberry growing in the State of Washington, "The E'vergeen State"
is confined mainly to two areas, Iboth on the very coast of the Pacific. These
are what iare known as the Graylanld and the Long Beach districts. There is
a relatively new and small but growing development in North Beaioh, or
Copalis, which is to the north of Grays Harbor and Grayland. This is often
"lumped" 'as 'a part of the Grayland area. Unfortunately, I did noit get to
this district. The other main area is, of course, at Long Beach not far from
the mouth of Columibila River, which separates Washington 'and Oregon.
The Long Beach Peninsufla, (as I have stated in previous articles, is often
called "1The ICape Cod of the West" sand there cranberry growing and the
region fare most similiar to iMassachusetts or New Jersey.
There is also one small bog, far away from all other areas, on the
northern rim of the Olympic ,Peninsula, north of the mighty Alpine peaks of
the Olympic National Park. This bog is 'near Cilallam Bay on the Juan De
Fuca Strait, across fromn the Canadian island of Vancouver. All other
Washington bogs are on thepPacific This Clallaim, Bay bog, I believe is the
northern most -bog in the U.S., north of the northern 'bags of Wlisconsin,
such as those at Hayward, or E!agle River. Clallam Bay is nearly 49 north
latiitude and Eagle Riaver is 46.
A Varied State
Washington State has been de-
scribed as having more variety than
any other place on earth. It has
g la c i e r s and many snow-capped
mountains, sandy beaches and rocky
seashore, strung along 1700 miles of
deep indentations. It has mighty
forests, plains. The Olympics with
6,000-7,000 feet Alpine peaks, the
Alpine meadows with Alpine flowers,
swamps and almost tropical growth
in the dark and dank rain forests, to
deserts and irrigated sections to
wheatlands It has the beautiful Cas-
cades, 100 miles in width, with Mt.
Ranier, near Tacoma, comparable to
Fuju in Japan, in lonely spectacu-
larness about 14,000 feet into the
clouds.
Yearly Rain Heavy
Average rainfall in the U.S. is
about 29 inches, the rainiest state
is Louisiana, with about 55 inches,
but the greatest local average rain-
fall is at Wynoochee, Oxbon in the
Olympics, just to the north of Gray-
land, with 150.75 inches. The Wash-
ington cranberry growers get much
rain during the fall, winter and
spring months, about nine months of
the year, yet during the summers
they are plagued Iby dryness, and
'
droughts. Growers who have the
sprinkler systems, sprinkle frequent-
ly for irrigation and also during the
"heats" of the summer months.
Nearly 8 feet of rain fell at Long
Beach in 1961 as measured at Cran-
guyma cranberry bog, the total mea-
s'uring 91.23 inches. However, many
who live there have called this re-
~gion, where the cranberries are
grown, "God's own Country." I did
not meet a grower who wished he
lived elsewhere.
Washington is relatively new as a
state; on November 11 1889 the area
was formally granted statehood. The
pioneers who settled Washington,
were (obviously) of sturdy stock,
many who came to the Pacific
Northwest being Scandinavian; they
came principally for sea-faring, fish-
ing, mining, lumbering, ard Scan-
dinavian names are prominent today
among the cranberry growers, espe-
cially at Grayland. These West Coast
growers are still of sturdy spirit and
willingness to engage in the hardest
physical labor.
Still "Pioneer" Country
Washington is still "pioneer" coun-
try, despite the moderness of the
great cities, and of the extremely
modern homes of many of the grow-
ers, usually at bogside, and countless
oother modern
structures.
A Bit f History
There seems to be an interesting
link between two of the early ex
plorers of Washington and the N. E.
cranberry area. In 1787 Captain John
Kendrick, a native of Harwich, Mass.
born in 1740, left Boston in command
of the ship "Columbia Rediva" and
the sloop "Lady Washington" with
Capt. Robert Gray, born in Tiverton,
Rhode Island in command of the
latter. The ships, owned by Boston
merchants were to procure by trade
otter skins and invest these in China
gods. Captain Kendrick was a mem
ber of the Cae Cod Kendrick family
later engaging in cranberry growing
up to the present and for a time he
live in Warham an h annt
, a i ae
hse there is hstrically marked.
Kendrick was an American navigat.
tor and trader, one of the Capeskippers who went to sea as a youth
and during the Revolution he sailed
as a privateer. Making the' voyage
with the two ships around the Horn,
the voyage took him first to Nootka
Sound, where he transferred the
Columbia to his assistant Gray, then
where he engaged tin trade and to
China, via the 'Hawaian Islands
(SandWich Islands), returning to
North America in 1791 he visited
Japan on the way, being one of the
first Americans to do so. He again
crossed the Pacific in 1793 and revisiting
the Sandwich Islands was
killed. (iThe Encyclopedia Americana,
1962).
Captain Gray sailed with sea otter
skins to Canton, China the only port
open, changed the fur ffor tea and
returned to Boston in 1790 and was
the first American to carry the new
U.'S. flag around the World. He sailed
south entered the Columbia river
and sailed some miles upstream, and
is said to have Ibeen the first navigator
to cross the breakers guarding
the river mouth. (Same Source.)
The Columbia River, formerly called
the Oregon and next to the Yukon,
the longest stream in the Western
Hemisphere, 1,270 miles in length.
Gray named the river, The Columbia,
in honcr of his ship, the "Columbia."
Grays Harbor, with the cities of
Aberdeen and Hoqiuiam at its head,
Grays Harbor County, where cranberries
are grown and Grayland,
Seven
itself seem to be named in honor of
Captain Gray.
(As this portion has no great bear-
ing on cranberry growing in Wash-
ington, although some interesting as-
pects, it will be concluded here, but
an interpretation of the Kendrick-
Gray explorations appears at the con-
clusion of this article, this being
compiled by Mrs. Aloha Gustafson,
secretary at the Long Beach experi-
ment station.)
State Second in
Barrels Per Acre
Washington, as has been stated in
previous articles has become often
in recent years, the second state in
production of barrels of cranberries
per acre. Here are some average
productions: 1956, 68.1; 1957, 88.4;
1958, 63.7; 1959, 105.0; 1960, only,
40.7. But in 1961, Washington achiev-
ed the highest production ever of any
state to date, 126.4; a figure which
it seems at present writing will be
almost equalled this year.
Nearly Third in Production
Washington is now fourth in total
production, but only by a very slight
margin next to New Jersey, and
sometimes in most recent years,
third.
Acreage Increased Slowly
Of growers in the state today the
number is compiled 'by Dr. Charles
C. Doughty, director of the Coastal
Washington Experiment Station at
Long Beach, as 186; 22 of these are
in the Long Beach area; 134 at Gray-
land and 20 at North 'Beach. Practic-
ally every grower is today a grower-
memlber of Ocean 'Spray. Most pro-
cessing is done 'at the Ocean Spray
plant at Markham, Imost of the grow-
ci's do their own screening, largely
unlike those of Massachusetts and
New Jersey.
The average acreage harvested in
the decade 1951-60 (USDA figure)
was 870. In 1962 there were 1.100
acres harvested, showing that state
acreage has been increased in the
past dozen years. Figures from the
Long Beach Station show that Pacific
County, which takes in the Long
Beach and also about half of Gray-
land has 820 acres while Grays Har-
bor county which takes in the rest
of Grayland and 'North Beach has
280 acres. Actually the area known
as the "Long Beach district" alone
has perhaps about 400 acres.
Eight
35-40% Long Beach
Dr. Doughty estimates that about
35 to 40 percent of the Washington
crop is grown in the so-called Long
Beach region, and this would not in-
elude the part of Grayland which
is in Grays Harbor county. An esti-
mate is also made for the year 1961,
the "big" Washington production per
acre yield, that the Long Beach
region produced about 175 barrels
per acre and in the poor year of
1962 about 75 barrels to the acre.
Dr. Chandler (1956) found that in the
years (1954 and 1955, Long Beach pro-
duced 46.5 and 33, while Grayland
produced !66.7 and 54.5.
No fresh berries are now shipped
from the Long Beach district, al-
though it is said some of this fruit
could be held for fresh market if
the handling facilities were present.
'Several of the Long Beach district
growers have dry mechanical pick-
ers.
Ocean Spray rents a small freezer
at Long Beach which is managed by
John Sachs, a grower. However, this
is not designed to hold all the Long
Beach crop, and is mainly a receiv-
ing station.
45% Of 'Grayland Crop Fresh
An estimate from Ocean Spray at
Markham, is that approximately 45
percent of the Grayland berries go
on the fresh market, none from Long
Beach.
The 'approximate average produc-
tion per bog is 'also given at Ocean
Spray by Mrs. IIrene Hollingsworth,
secretary, as 350 barrels at Gray-
land and 714 at Long Beach, indicat-
ing that Long Beach holdings are
generally larger than those at Gray-
land.
The average size of holdings in the
Long Beach area is about three times
greater at Long Beach than in Gray-
land (IF. B. Chandler Survey, 1956)
and this seems to be about true today
although many Grayland growers in
particular are now consolidating
acreage and a number have larger
holdings than in 1956. There is a
similiar trend at Long Beach.
I was told there is not much stor-
age rot as berries are taken to the
cooler at Markham as soon as they
are screened. Biut this is one of the
problems being worked upon at the
present time. 'It is reported that fresh
berries in storage 'have lost between
15 to 25 percent for the Christmas
market. Dr. Doughty says that tests
during the past two years indicate
this is not due to rot caused by
fungi, but due mainly to a physiolocical
breakdown of the berries themselves.
Washington, and in fact all
West Coast growers have been very
conscientious in using fungicides.
Controls
For disease, insect control and for
weeds growers use ground rigs, some
on track, some more conventional
such as Hardie Sprayers, or insecticide
is applied through the sprinkler
systems. Twig 'blight is perhaps the
most troublesome, but this has been
greatly overcome through research
and control methods developed by
Drs. Doughty and Johnson of the
University of Washington. Maneb,
Zineb, Captan and Ferbam are used,
all wettable powder. After harvest
Bordeaux mixture is used for Red
Leaf and Rose Bloom.
For fireworm, fruitworm and Lecanium
scale materials include Sevin,
Parathion, Malathion, Slugs are
something of a 'problem in Washington.
For a control Imataldehyde bait
is used. Field mice are partially controlled
by a border application of
endrin. Toxaphene is applied to bogs
as a spray following harvest to aid
in mouse control.
In root weevil and grub control
dieldrin is used 'before planting; for
established plantings aldrin is applied.
Material cleared for weed control
on commercial ibogs include, according
to Doughty, 2, 4-D granular,
OChloro-4PC granular, Simazine granules
or wettable powder, 'IPC Wettable
powder or granules, Dalapon,
iron sulfate, copper sulfate and petroleum
paint thinner or white kerosene.
These materials 'are all, except for
iron sulfate, copper sulfate and paint
thinner, applied as sprays pre-emergence
to the weed growth while the
cranberry vines are still dormant.
Newer materials, such as Casoron
and several others are under test,
but not cleared for general use as
yet.
Washington Developed Cranberry
Sprinkler
Washington, with the "pioneering"
spirit of the researchers and the
growers has made at least one very
valuation icontribution to the whole
cranberry industry. This is in the use
of overhead sprinkler systems on
cranberry bogs. Sprinklers may have
been (used elsewhere first in the in-
dustry, but it was in Washington
that the idea really first took hold,
apparently.
"Spring frosts Iwere knocking me
out" I heard from 'growers on our
1944 visit to the Coast. "Fall frosts
are not generally damaging." Sprink-
lers then provided a badly-
needed method of controlling frost,
mostly spring, land also to provide
irrigation Iwhen needed and to reduce
"heats" on bogs.
This sprinkler investigation was be-
gun as far back as 1925 when D. J.
Crowley was director of the Long
Beach IBulletins years
Station. of
Beach Station. ulletins of yearsabout then, tell of this and excerps
have been printed in Cranberries
Magazine in the September issue of
1944.
It Imay surfice to say here that
from this apparent small beginning
at Long Beach that the use of sprink-
lers has spread to other Washington
areas, to Oregon and now in increas-
cI~~~~~~~~~~~~~
ing consequence to all other cran-
berry growing areas. But sprinklers
have not yet developed in magnitude
of important anywhere else as on the
West Coast.
Some of these systems are auto-
He ascertained that all berries in
Washington are grown on peat bogs
and that nearly all of the berries are
McFarlins, as in general on the whole
coast, although there are some other
varieties and some which are class-
ified as McFarlins are not entirely
"Sa.prinf e.
true McFarlins.
Commercial cranberry growing did
not begin in Washington State until
the early 1880's, Washington today
has roughly one-twentieth of total
acreage, yet in 1961 with a crop, its
highest record produced about one-
tenth of the total cranberry crop, and
has approached that figure several
times in recent years. Washington
has about one-eighth of the total
number of growers. IIn the year of
1961 1,15o
big k1the crop, barrels
the big 1961 crop, 115,000 ars
were sold as processed and 2300 as
fresh. All Washington growers seem
to want to increase the proportion in
the fresh market.
Grayland area picks almost entire-
ly with dry mechanical harvesters.
Long Beach district almost entirely
by water reel.
Further installments of the "West
.
~~'Spanish.
'Coast Cranberry Story" will continue
in future issues.
Kendrick-Gra
n uray8lt
Explorations
Kendrick in turn promised to carry
the captured English crews to China
where he was supposed to sell some
otter skins for the Spaniard. A rup
te occurred at the time between
Kendrick &Gray land they exchanged
ships. Kendrick taking the "Lady
Washington." Thereafter he used it
for his own personal concerns. He
did not contemplate ever returning it
to it's rightful owners. The two captains
met two years later in the
Hawaiian Islands (Sandwich Islands)
but as rival traders. Gray returned
to Boston Aug. 10, 1790 to a hero's
welcome. He had sold his furs in
Macao and at Canton he took a car'
tea. ccording to the reports
circulated at that time the financial
failure of the expedition was charged
to Captain Kendrick whose reputation
was one of Knavery and incredible
stupidity. Captain Kendrick was
killed by the natives of the Sandwich
slands because of his deliberate release
of his crews to assault the
people of the 'Islands. (History of the
Hawaiian Islands).
Nootka was founded 1774-75 'by the
Spaniards792 there were 200 pe
and 5 priests there. Vancouver Island
was discovered to be an island by
ILts. 'Francisco iEliza !and Salvador
Fidalgo in 1791. A thorough job of
eplration was done jointly by the
and the British in 1792.
th
'On the 'fourth day of June 1792, at
the site of the present city of Everett,
Wn. Vancouver took possession of the
hole region, and called it New
Georgia, in honor of George II, whose
birthday it was. Vancouver then proceeded
through the inland passage
east of Vancouver island around the
island's northern tip and down to
Notka and his meeting with Quadra.
The Island was named 'Quadra Van
couver by the Spaniard and the Englishman,
thus ended a threat of war
between the two countries and the
Nootka incident was over.
References:
J nen D 0 a
JJohansen, Dorothy 0. and Chas. 'M.
es Empiref t lumbi
'Gates, 1957,Emipire of the Columlbia
'Speck, Gordon, Northwest Discoveries;
Meares, John, Voyages made in
the years 1788-1789 Bancroft, History
of the Nlorthwest Coast.
NorthwestCoast.
JIIll111111illtll•llll][tllllllft1111tilllilllllHI•
CRANBERRIES
PROVIDES A NEEDED
MEDIUM OF INFORMATION
FOR
ALL R
ALL GROWERS
Illlllllllillllllillmtillllllllllllltlll111
Nine
Some of arethese vi w
auto-systems
matic; in some instances they ring a
bell in the home of the grower when
the danger point is approaching.
There is no frost warning system
for the state of Washington as far as
cranberry growing is concerned but
growers watch the weather reports
and in a few instances have their own
weather stations and many know
from the reports they receive and
from their own experience and ther-
mometer readings what they may
anticipate.
In his survey of 1956 Dr. Chandler
estimated that sprinkler systems cov-
ered 68.8 percent of all bearing acre-
age in Washington with 86.6 percent
for Long 'Beach and 57.4 for Gray-
land.
Fewer Growers?
Chandler in 1956 interviewed 237
w t
s whicinic
growers, which would indicate that
the number of growers in the state
has declined slightly as has the num-
ber in about all cranberry areas, and
the number of workers in all agri-
culture in the IU. S.
Two vessels left Boston Sept. 30,
1787. ITheir object was to procure by
trade, sea otter skins and invest
these in China goods. They were
heavily ,armed carried special papers
issued by the Continental congress
and a cargo of goods ill-fitted for
Northwest Trade. The command of
the 220 ton "Columbia Rediviva"
was Capt. John Kendrick who had
spent 47 years at sea. "The paltry
two-penny objects of his expedition
were swallowed up in the magnitude
of his Gulliverian views. IN.E. Ameri-
ca was on the Lilliputian but he
designed N.W. 'America to be on the
Brodignagian Scale" (quotations here
are from log kept by his 'clerk John
Howell). It would appear that he was
intemperate in habit and disposition,
a poor trader, and a 'man not to be
trusted with other people's property.
His activities in 'the 'Nootka Sound
area were composed mostly of double
dealings. He was befriended by Martinez
who provisioned their ships
(Kendrick's and 'Gray's) 'as he wrote
later to get them away from the
area. These provisions were frm
stocks of captured English ships.
Above is shown a water-reel harvest at the Washington State Bog at Long Beach. Type of harvester is one
of earlier ones, no longer in general use, (but one of the first so-called "egg-beaters" which are now in use on
the West Coast, to a large extent in New Jersey the pa st couple of years and being used in a few cases in Wisconsin,
and have also been used experimentally in Massachusetts. (Photo courtesy of Washington State University,
Coastal Washington Experiment Station.)
Ten
FROS T~DSPRINKLER Some growers
on the
PROTECTION have eected to use
D larger heads to cut down
SPRINKLER FROST PROTE
by number required. And, although they
John "Stan" Norton may require more water per head,
Associate Professor of Agricultural Engineering the requirement per acre may be
Cranberry Station, University of Massachusetts
(Editor's Note: The following is a talk given by Prof. Norton at the
Massachusetts Cranberry Club meetings upon cranberry sprinkler systems
in which growers are now much interested.)
With the growing interest in sprinkler frost protection it seems appropri-
ate to discuss the subject before this group. Experiment Station Bulletin
No. 532, "Design of Minimum Gallonage Sprinkler Systems for Cranerry
Bogs" presents the story in somewhat general terms. I will elaborate on
some specific items that should be emphasized.gt
First, we'll discuss the use of the system, then we will concentrate on
some of tHe design problems.
Uses
These systems are designed primar-
ily for frost protection. Sprinkler
spacings are based on operation dur-
ing periods of calm only. Coverage
would not be adequate when oper-
ating under windy conditions. How-
ever, it is this very feature of using
a minimum of equipment to provide
protection that has made the large
scale installations of irrigation sys-
tems feasible. To get proper coverage
when irrigating or applying spray
materials it is advisable to operate
the system when the air is calm.
In order to realize the greatest
benefit from your irrigation sys-
tem it is necessary to use it pro-
perly. Naturally, the first bogs on
which to install irrigation systems
are the dry ones. A two-fold bene-
fib that should pay for the system
quickly can be experienced here.
First, frost protection that had never
been available would be provided.
And secondly, production should be
increased by the application of water
during periods of drought.
When using a sprinkler system
for frost protection there seems to
be a tendency to risk loss to frost
by waiting too long before starting
the system. This is especially true
when the approach of a strong cold
front is accompanied by fairly high
winds, as was the case on May 30,
1961. Under these conditions it is
not unreasonable to expect tem-
peratures to be 10 or 115degrees
lower on well sheltered areas of a
bog than they are on more exposed
areas. Therefore, if the thermometer
is not located on the most sheltered
area, that area may be frosted long
before the thermometer reaches the
danger point. So, when severe frosts,
preceded by strong winds, are fore-
cast it would seem advisable to put
the thermometer on the area of te f
bog most sheltered from the wind,
at least for that particular night.
To be further assured of timely
protection, it would be advisable to
start sprinkling when the tempera-
ture is still a couple degrees above
the danger point. Wetting the bog for
two or three hours in the afternoon
or evening before an imminent frost
will provide a measure of protection,
in case there are naturally colder
areas that may accidentally reach
the danger level when the remainder
of the bog does not.
Designing A System
There has been considerable in-
terest among the people currently
planning new systems, in getting a
little background information on the
main factors that control the design
of an irrigation system.
The basic design that we have
been using is a 55' x 65' spacing
with a triangular arrangement of
the heads. The triangular arrange-
ment gives more complete and uni-
form coverage than a square or
rectangular arrangement. The stan-
dard head is a ra t h e r small,
single nozzle one, with about four
gallons p e r minute capacity at
30-35 psi (po u nd s per square
inch) pressure when using a 5/32"
nozzle. The 55' x 65' spacing is
based on maximum recommendations
by sprinkler manufacturers. With the
equilateral triangular arrangement
they allow, under no-wind operation,
a spacing of 75 % of the diameter
the heads can cover.
Spacings greater than the one
given above may be used for heads
with a coverage of over 90' diameter.
less than for smaller heads.
An average water application rate
An average water application rate
of 50 gallons per minute per acre or
1/10-inch an hour is presently recommended
for frost protection. Using
this water requirement and the number
of acres to be covered, it is
estimate of the
an e of te
pum p requirements. However, in
order to get the exact water requirement
it is necessary to carefully
lay out the plan on an accurate map
the bog. This is the only way to
determine the amount of pipe, fittings
and heads required for the
job The number of heads required,
times the gallons per minute per
head will give the actual water requirements.
Determining The Pipe Sizes
After the lay-out has been completed
it is necessary to determine
the pipe sizes. This is a fairly simple
but time consuming process. If all
the laterals are the same length,
only one calculation needs to be
made for the lateral size. As you
probably know, part of the pressure
at the pump is wasted as friction as
the water flows along the length of
the pipe before it is discharged into
open air. This pressure loss varies
approximately as the square of the
velocity of the water. In other words,
if the amount of water being pumped
through a given size pipe is doubled,
the friction loss increases four times.
The maximum friction loss ordinar
ily allowed in the laterals is 20%
of the average operating pressure of
the heads. If the average operating
pressure on a lateral is 33 psi, then
the allowable loss from one end of
the lateral to the other is 6.6 psi.
This allowable loss determines the
lateral size. To determine the lateral
loss it is necessary to estimate the
size lateral that will be needed. Then
find on a chart or table the loss be
tween successive h e a ds for the
amount of water flowing through
that section. The combined total of
those losses gives the lateral loss.
If this figure is greater than the
allowable loss the process should be
repeated for the next size larger
Eleven
pipe, etc. If it is considerably small-
er may be (possible to use a smaller
size pipe.
Although large mains cost more
than smaller ones, some figure must
be established for permissible fric-
tion loss in the main between the
first and last laterals. A figure that
seems reasonable to me is 6 psi
or less.
The friction loss in the ma is
main
found in the same manner as it is
in the laterals. Here, too, a trial pipe
size is assumed; although the main
often consists of two or more differ-
ent sizes of pipe. It is permissible to
start at either end of the main to
make your determinations. I prefer
to start at the last lateral and work
toward the pump. Here we determine
the amount of water flowing between
the next to the last lateral and the
last one by the number of heads be-
ing supplied. The friction loss is given
in the table or chart in either feet
of head or psi per 100 feet of pipe.
Therefore we have the loss per 100
feet times the distance divided by
100, which equals the loss in that
section of main. The next section
will be figured for the volume flow-
ing to supply the last lateral and
the next to last one. If both laterals
have the same numbers of heads the
volume in the second section will be
double that in the first section, and
the friction loss will be abo"t four
times as great. The process is con-
tinued for each section of main until
the pump is reached. If the loss in
the main exceeds 6 psi or 13.8 feet.
a larger size pipe must be used for
part or all of the main and the
friction loss re-figured. If it is less
than 6 psi, a smaller size pipe
might be satisfactory.
In order to realize the economic
advantages of the low gallonage
system on large areas it is neces-
sary to compromise some 'of the
standard recommendations of irriga-
tion designers. It is obvious that the
pressure at the sprinkler nearest the
pumup will not be the same as in
those near the main line but 1000
feet from the pump. Theoretically
this difference should be compensated
for in order to get uniform distri-
bution.
Part of the difference can be
compensated for by limiting the
Twelve
lateral loss to less than 20 %. How-
ever, this would result in larger
more costly laterals. The difference
could also be kept down by using
large mains. This also increases
costs. A third method of compen-
sating is to use smaller nozzles on
the heads near the pump. This should
only be done when the pressure dif-
ference between the head to receive
the smaller nozzle and the most re-
mote head exceeds 10 psi.
The 6.6 psi lateral loss in our hy-
pothetical case and the 6 psi loss in
the main produce a 12.6 psi friction
loss in the system between the be-
ginning of the lateral nearest the
pump and the end of the one farthest
from the pump. The 12.6 psi is added
to the pressure desired at the most
remote head, say 28 psi, making a
total of 40.6 psi. To the 40.6 psi must
ibe added any friction loss or eleva-
tion difference occurring between the
pump and the first lateral, plus the
suction lift from the water source to
the pump.
Since we have two different mea.
surements involved in determining
-the pump pressure requirements,
that is psi and feet of lift or eleva-
tion, they must be converted to a
common term. This term may be
either psi or feet of head. Pump per-
formance curves are often given in
feet of head. This means, the height
to which a pump could force a given
volume of water under the specified
conditions. If the height were in-
creased the volume would be de-
creased.
There are 2.31 feet of head to one
psi. That is, a column of water one-
inch square and 2.31 feet high would
weigh one pound. So the pressure at
lumn wld b
one pound per square inch. There-
fore, any time it is necessary to con-
vert psi to feet or head you multiply
by 2.31. Or if you want to convert
~by *2.31.w22Oriyou
feet of head to psi you divide by
2.31.
To ontie
To continue the example, let's as-
sume that the pump is located 300
feet from the bog at a point 10 feet
inch aluminum pipe would be 2.78
feet per 100 feet of pipe, or 8.34 feet
in 300 feet. This loss would not be
excessive. Furthermore, it would not
contribute to any difference in pressure
between the heads because it
occurs ahead of the first lateral.
We have now considered all of the
important factors effecting the pump
pressure requirement. They are: 1,
minimum operating pressure of the
heads of 28 psi; 2, allowable friction
loss in the lateral of 6.6 psi; 3, allowable
frictionloss in the main of 6 psi;
4, friction loss in main from pump to
first lateral of 8.34 feet; 5, elevation
head between pump and bog of 10
feet; and 6, suction lift at the pump
of 10) feet. These various require'
ments must now be converted to a
common term to establish the pump
specifications. Combining the figures
given in psi we have 40.2 psi, which
when multiplied by 2.31 is 93 feet of
head. To this we add the 8.34', 10.0'
and 10.0' that occur between the
pond and the first lateral and we
get a total dynamic head of 121.34
feet. This would also convert to
121.34' & 2.31 52.6 psi.
These figures mean that the pump
must be able to deliver 200 gallons
of water a minute against 121.34 feet
Of head or 52.6 psi pressure.
I hoe that this presentation has
cleared up some of your question
and that you better understand why
I say each layout on a cranberry bog
is a custom job that must be figured
individually.
Cou
C rs Offered
On ticid
On Pes U
Notices have been sent out from
Massachusetts C o u n t y Extension
Offices concerning courses on gen
eral mosquito control, advanced
mosquito control and the safe use
of pestioides, at the University of
ch A erst,
and 23 and at the Waltbham Fielid
Station, Wailtham, October 28, 29, 30
and 31. Co-sponsors of the course
the United tates P blic Health
Servilce U. of Iiass., andthe Mass.
achusetts Department of Public
Health.
below the level of the heads We shallnnocementstates that the
below the level of the heads. We shall liensing pesticide users will
of all
further assume a 10-foot lift from the
reservoir to the pump. If we are irr-
igating a four-acre bog the water re-
quirement will be about 200 gallonse
per minute. The friction loss in a 4-
be required in the Commsonweawlth
of iMassachusetts theCinnear future.
The courses lare designed to aid in
of pesticides for examirnation lead
ing to licensing.
Killing Weed Trees Around Cranberry Bogs ut /2 mllilitersof solutin were
used per cut.
(Talk IGiven !by Carl B. Cranmer, tion of 1.9 for 40 lbs. of active per Mr. Lee's first use of the injector
Asst. 'Chief, Forest Management Sec-hundred gallons, nearly 11/2 milles of began in October of 1960 to deaden
tion, N. J. Bureau of Forestry, at dams land ditches were gone over to large, Ip to 14" DBH, seed producing
the 'Annual ISummer IMeeting of the kill stems, sprouts, and roots of miaples near his cultivated areas. In
A.C.G.A.) tree species. A smaller test was made April of 1962 he used it again to kill
New Jersey cranberry and blue-using the same material but at twice maples from arenas later cleared for
berry growers are often plagued with theconcentration or 80 lbs. ahg. Less cultivation. This spring's application
volunteer red maple treethanalon 3 gals solution was used. elimintated miany sapling sized trees
dams, 'ditches !and even in producing This was applied by one man in apcdut from dams and ditches. In August of
areas. Periodic Imowing provides two days. this year he continued to use the in-
temporary relief but Idoes not elimi-Results soon became apparent. jector to rogue mnaples from bluenate
the problem 'as Hydra-headed (Table 2.) The leaves on stems rang-'berry ro'ws. .Previously these maples
sprouts igrow vigorously from the ing from less tan 1/2" at breast were cut back during pruning opera-
height to those with a diameter of to sprout with increased
well established root systems. (Table height to those with a diameter tions, only
1.) ILarger nearby trees produce seed about 3" withered and died. Larger vigor
to increase the inthey to DBH, ounce
ep inreeas, 10" while Figuring that an of prevent-
recentyeasfresters have bn did leaf out, showed signs of leaf on is ort a pound of ure,
In ,recent years
tforesters have been deformation, but complete to kill ^ orh
recommending the use of tree -deformation, but completetop kill 'Lee's ran-jector program has pracjector
to controlcul an ee tree may require a ar or two longer. eliinated his weed prdb
trees tial
einwoodands. This tool consists of a -Bylate 'Apust sprouting was neg-lem. This program is 'planned to in-
in ,woodlands. ot a
cutting bitto a cylindrical lwers udeuaple stands southern
attached wlted and none young of
ctting hit attached toasa cylindrical of the treated trees bore seeds at the white-ceda
tube which serves las .a handle and a nd ek . itencedar.__________ner
end of ,seven weeks. The 40 lb. con-
reservoir for the herbicides. A valve cenr eared as
centration in this test appeared
arrangement permits the application effective a!s 'the 80 lib. Few signs of Jersey Growers
of the chemical solution directly into new sprouts were observedand there Discuss Land
ne'ar Chatsworth, Burlington County, new sprouts were bserved onthese Annual Meeting
New Jersey, again tested "The Hot species. 'nnual ummer meeting
Iron of Hercules" a light-weight easy The application consisted of a an ummer meeting he
tree injector, on red maple and other single cran-jector stoke for stems Aiecan Cranberry Growers' Assotree
species in the vicinity of their one inch or less in diameter at pointthe etwater a-
cranberry and blueberry operations of application. Two strokes on op-ina to, well attended.
at Speedwell. posite sides for stems from one to he marn'toplcs of dicussfaon were
the farm problem and the farm labor
Using Trinoxol, a non-toxic hor-two inches. 'Stems larger than 3" situation. These are 'both increasing
T-,^-'-i 4. • • n~r m i~i ' JI ^ ^ situationn.These are 'both inreasincg
mone type herbicide containing 245-T, were completely girdled. Cuts were roles or e erse rae
mixed in No. 2 fuel oil in the propor-kept conveniently close to the ground. Ma. „in TpiJcs cran~berry
growers.
Table 1. The farm tax situation will be
Hydra-headed Red Maple somewhat eased for growers if the
Number of Stems per Clump proposed F'arm Land Assessment
Number Amendment, which would have farm
1 2-5 6-9 10* in Sample land taxed on the 'basis of production
DBH percent rather than real !estate values, is put
1" or less 9 42 20 29* 66 through. E'dwin A. 'Gauntt, secretary2-
10" 31 50 6 13* 16 treasurer of the 'Citizens Committee
* Two of these clumps had 28 or more individual stems. to Save Open 'Space in New Jersey,
Table 2. spoke on the efforts of this group to
Injector Results on Red Maple 7 Weeks after April Treatment educate c!ity people on the necessity
Stems Crown New Number for putting this referendum through
Killed Reduction Sprouts in Sample on the next election date. The Asso-
DBH percent ciation voted lunanimously to raise
1/2 or less 98 99 1 305 $200 through individual solicitation to
1 98 99 0 40 help the Citizens Cormmittee in this
2 100 '100 0 3 work.
3 69(1) 95 0 13 Fred Watts, Chief of Farm Place4-
10" 30 58 0 10 ment, New Jersey Department of
(1) Most of these were completely dead when observed in late August. Labor and Industry, slpoke of the
Thirteen
efforts of his department, during the
last four or five years, to recruit and
better utilize local labor. He describ-
ed Icourses given to train workers for
jobs and estimated that in the past
two years the quallity of the worker
had increased 15 to 20%. In surveying
the cranberry situation he said he
had been assured that foreign work-
ers-would not 'be needed.
"Tiny" Cranmer, well-known for-
ester, spoke on killing weed trees
around cranberry bogs. He described
and demonstrated a tool which he
has invented ,(Cran-Jector) for kill-
ing weed trees.
Assistant To
Betty Buch-an
Miss Margaret G. Clark of 177
Indian IHead' Street, Hanson, has
pineed the staff of Ocean Spray Cran-
Cman-
'berries, Inc., Hanson, as assistant
~jc~~~~~ined
Sp~ray the
'ager.
Miss Clark has been assistant o
the society editor of the Brockton
Enterprise for the past three years.
She was publicity director of the
Children's 'Museuml 'Boston, ssixx
Museum, for
T1 E C A N B R Y
The cranberry is a part of Vaceiniaceae family,
And the Oxycoccus genus according to taxonomy.
The macrocarpus specie comes from the U.S.A.,
And also known to come from Canalda ,across the way.
Long known to the Indians as a fruit so good to eat,
The Pilgrims too considered it a palatable treat.
Its cultivation started on the shores of Old Cape Cod,
Then New Jersey, Wisconsin, Oregon, land iWashington gave the nod.
From the native habitat men carried it far and near,
And gave it names like Beaver, Bell, IBerlin, and even Ben Lear.
From the sunny Pacific Shores to the rocky New England Coast,
And even in cold iCanadian Lands 'tis considered "just the most."
To E'arly Black and Howes, "The 'Cape" and Jersey are prone,
Searles 'in Wisconsin, McFarlin in Pia'cific iStates are grown.
False Iblosscm, field and storage rots plague the industry,
SAotbreeders seek varieties low in susceptibility.
Cranberries prepared as sauce, jelly, juice are favored generally,
And varieties ,of the future may Ibe sweet and tasty, naturally.
These could be delightful, eaten fresh "right out of hand"
Someday like popcorn, cranberries may be eaten in theatres across the land.
staff i^i^ ofd~iiOcean
to Miss Betty ;Bucehan, publicity
!?i et ioa iiihaviii
ii
....
and:'for Collegei:,No ].i
iby Joyce C. Torio
I (Editor's Note: This poem is the
work of Mrs. Torio, a research assist-
ma-ant. She is a native of New England,
aing 'been born and raised inSaco,
-Maine. After receiving her B. S.
degree in Botany from 'Douglass Col-
III lege, she assumed a full-time positionin the Soil Testing Laboratory at the
ewJerseyExperiment Starn,
gers University, N e w Brunswick.
During this time she became a
rpart-time graduate student at Rut
gemrs, receiving her M'S. from RutaCndlege,
a As-
obtained Research
sistanrceship in Cranberry Culture in
R u t g e r s University Hortioulture
years and for Wheaton College, Nor-i.iai ....
Wad Nor-and
ton, for five years. Her previous
newspaper positions were with the
Boston EveinTancrptaDepartment under the acdvisorship of
Boston Evening Transcript and in the i a ., Prll
.women's department ofofthethe depaIrtmlent
womHens BostonBoaston ~At
Herald-Traveler. -She has also been
publicity assistant at the New Engg-
land Council, Boston, and Dartmouth
College, Hanover, N.H.
She is a graduate 'of the College of
Liberal Arts, and
'Boston University kh
is a member of the New England
Press Women's Association, the
TAuntion
quarian -Society, Plymouth, the Mu-
seum of Fine Arts, Boston, and the
Congregational Church of Hanson.
Oongregational 'Church of Hanson.
Miss arkis the daughter oMrs.
Miss Clark:is the daughter of (Mrs.
George E.; Clark of Hanson and the
late 'Mr. 'Clark: who was manager of
the Sea 'Cliff: Inn, Nartucket, the
Bryaint iHotel, 'Brocktcn, .the Taunton
Bryant Hotel, Brockton, the Tauntonx
Inn, Taunton,: and the Hotel Lenox
and the former Westminster 'Hotel, of
Boston.
:.;...
.....................-''—..—.-
_. ,_,,_,,_,,_„_„_._„
._.._. .. _,_,_,
Fourteen
Dr. Paul Eck.
the present time as a Ph., D
Ha h lthesis she with
problem 'is involved
a study of the interrelationship of
nutrition and incidence of rots in
cranberries. 'It 'is interesting to note
that Dr.HF. B. Chandler of the : ass.
any hp ent ias
Cranberry EXperiment 'Station has
'h interested the possibility of
ibeen in
producing 'a cranberry which could
sweet enough to be "eaten out of
hand" like ,cherries.)
had, lk cherries.) ___
material available the formulating
company, Thompson-Hayward is re
questing that growers be restricted
that can be pur
chased, and that sales be limited to
those growers who did not receive
the herbicide last spring.
In Massachusetts Casoron is re
commended at a rate of 125 to 150
pounds per acre after h a r v es t
through October. It is recommended
that the bog should be allowed a
week to recover from the harvesting
operation before application.
i.. .... iti.........s
.Cie,... te
...........
tifal hsresecadtinlbe
ADDITIONAL CASORON
MADE AVAILABLE
The USDA has approved the re-
lease of a small additional amcuntt
of Casoron for use on cranberry 'bogs
this fall. This release of additional
herbicide is governed by the experi-
mental or preliminary label granted
last spring, but it dces no: mean
that Casoron has been granted full
approval. This is pointed out 'by
ARobert B. Ewing, Plymouth (Mass.)
BEREAD CRAN
Agent-mana'ger. IES
...Because of the limited amount of
Wisconsin is accorded 428,000 bar
rels, the same as the August fore-
NotNecessa•y TLhis Year~ 0.cast. Production last year was 360,
Set. iP Nst NAecessarV l s YI ar 000. Preliminary forecast for New
Jersey was for 76,000 barrels, now
COMMITTEE MAKES OWN SUR-
VEY INDICATING LESSER PRO-
DUCTION, AND TAKESi SCHOOL
LUNCH FRUIT INTO CONSIDERA-
TION
Cranberry Marketing Order Coom-
mittee meeting at Logan Interna-
tonial i3otel in Boston, Oct. 14 vot-
ed unanimously to reduce the pre-
viously voted "set-aside" of the U.S.
cranberry crop from five percent to
zero "set-aside." This means that
no handler this year must have re-
stricted berries, and in effect the
cranberry crop is all "free" berries,
exactly as if there was no market-
ing order. Last year, with a crop of
1,324,500 barrels the restricted pool
was 12 percent and these berries
could not be sold on the ordinary
market, but were held for charity,
experimental purposes, or to be
"dumped".
"dumped"..
This fall, with a crop estimated by
the Committee as 1,197,593 barrels
the members believed this crop can
be sold in the ordinary channels of
commerce. This is a smaller figure
than the October USDA estimate of
1,327,600, smaller by 129,007 barrels.
At the time of voting the five per-
five
cent, the USDA had not made its
decision to buy 70,000 barrels of
fresh fruit for the school lunch pro-
gram. It was decided that zero "set-
aside" could still provide for the
school lunch for the so-called "pipe-
line" of supply for processors and
market demand.
wThe marketing order regulations
went into effect last fall for the first
time, and although there will be no
restricted pool this fall, it was held
that the order is proving a useful
tool, when need arises. If there is no
anticipated surplus, this "tool" need
not be applied in any current year.
However, Anthony R. Briggs, man-
ager of the order says the order will
still be in effect. "Next fall" he
said there could be a crop of a million,
500 barrels (who knows now),
and the restrictions might have to
be applied again. The order is there
if we need it."
All seven principals, including
George C. P. Olsson chairman, and
John C. Decas clerk, were present,
with Massachusetts alternates, Mau-
rice Makepeace and John N. Decas.
Motion to vote zero "set-aside" was
made by iBehrend Pannkuk, presi-
dent of Indian Trail, Inc. of Wisconsin
Rapids and seconded by Anthony
DeMarco of New Jersey, an "Ocean
Spray" representative. Meeting open-
ed at 9:30 and was concluded by
noon.
was pointed Itout was pointedthe USDA esti
t t^e UISDA ti
mates were started to be prepared a
number of days prior and the situa-
tion had changed then as picking had
largely progressed and the size of
the crop was better known. This
information was obtained by tele-
phone and other means, and was
felt to be accurate
Biggest discrepancies were found
in the two largest states. Massachu
reduced to 590,000 and isconsin
to only 378,300. New Jersey estimate
was actually upped a little from
73,000 to 74,293. Washington State
was d ropped
and Oregon was left the same at
45,000 barrels.
Only a very few berries had al-
ready been disposed of from the cur-
rent crop under the five percent
"set-aside" and of course with no
restricted berries the previously
"buy back" figures will not be in
effect.
Next meeting of the Committee is
to be at Boston December 12. At
that time there will be a review of
the situation and any further amend-
ments considered which it is believed
will lead to a "smeother" better-
functioning marketing order.
-reported
October
Estimate
7USDA
October 14 USDA estimate of the
cranberry crop of this fall is now
given as a total of 1,327,600, uD from
the preliminary forecast of 1,324,500.
This production is about the same
as last year and ten percent above
average.
Massachusetts is now given 660,000
barrels as against 778,000 last year.
This is up 5 percent more than the
August estimate, but 15 percent be-
low 1962. Report is that soil moisture
was adequate for good berry size
and cool temperatures resulted in
lowered to 73,000, but down from the
103,;00 barrels of last year. Yields
were called variable. The current
estimate is 29 percent less than last
year and the smallest since 1956.
Frost on September 24, 25 did some
damage to unprotected ogs. Some
of this loss is also attributed to
spring frost damage, poor pollenationand drought which retarded size development
on many bogs. Quality is
called very good, bu size is smaller
is down to 1
wWashington State is down to 121,000
from the August forecast of
138,000 with se spring frost reduction,
but is expected to be the
scond t of rec d exceeded
sond larget record139,000 of
oron is up from the 29,500 of 1ast
erto an imated 45,600
is the sams
yea t estmatethsa
a e ge for the past five
U.:S.ar 120880 the past five
average for
y i
B ry"B Ba
Berry Buy-Back
Was Set At $10 00
(Editor's Note: The committee action
in the following is now redun
dent for this year in vie*w of the zero
nset-aside. However, it is carried to show
what the action was.)
Among the main matters acted
upon at the second meeting this year
of the Cranberry Marketing Order
Committee at the O'Hara Hotel,
Chicago, September 18 was the set
ting of the purchase release from
withheld berries price, or more
commonly known as the "buy-back"
price. The figure was set at $10 a
barrel until November 15, from that
date until December 1, $10.50 and
after December first $11, with the
provision made that a review of
the price be made from time to
time.
cCull
Chain Saws and Brush Cutters
Queen-B
Por e Mi i
Portable Heaters Mite-Lite
Portable Alternators
1500 Watts to 5000 Watts
Sandvik Scythes and Aluminum Snathes
SU
CARVER SUPP
C S CO
Center Carver, Mass. Tel. 866-4480
Quality and Service Since 1956
Fifteen
iiiii~lj~iiiiiiiil ~i~iiiiii
!i~iiiiiii:::IiiiI::~l'I::i i~ ~~ii88~~
iiiiiiiiiiiii:111:::111i;~~·j !·iiliiO
'i:i~iiiiiiiiji' liiiiiirt ~i~i::::E ~S ~bb~ii
IIiiii~~~:: jgjjii jiji #
c::::::~~~~~::~~~~~::iili~i ii~~~~::~:::::B.........
~:!!
iiiiii jijiiiiiifj~~iiiii ii ,,~~~~~~~~
iiiiiiiiiii~ ~~
:ii~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i~iil~
i'"'"'i " "
irjsiiiiiii~iiii
'
i
· :~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~:a
iiiiiiiiiiiiii ' ~ '
ijjiiijijjijiiiiiii!iiiiiii p
i ::: ''i!';''x::::::
Six-teen~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r
Red Sox Players
Red Sox Players
Receive Their
Berry "Awards"
Boston Red Sox star, "Chuck"
Schilling and Mrs. Schilling shared
in the harvest of a Caipe cranberry
bog Sept. 29, when they received
vestbed ononitheWhhitePinbethe White Pine bog, Cen-
vested
terville, the property of Vior F.
Adams, Ocean Spaay director and
chairman of the Barnstable Board
of Selectmen, as well as grower.
ThSe berries were the prize for the
first home run, or runs, made on
"Cape Cod Day" lat Fenway Park,
Boston, last May 12 when the Sox
played t he Washington Senators.
'There was no homer in the first
game, and the award fell to the
scorer of the first run, Schilling,
and Carl Yastrzemsli, who knocked
A total of 88.85 barrels was gath-
deterioration in quality of the juice
during storage.
Dr. Francis and a co-worker found
that the first noticeable change in
quality for cocktail stored at room
temperatures or above is a darkening
in color. This color change is caused
by a breakdown of red pigments and
development of brown pigments.
They followed this change !by meas-
uring the light absorbed at 415 and
515 millimicrons wavelength. The
former value (415) increases as the
brown pigments develop and the lat-
ter (5!15) decreases as the red pig-
ments disappear. This makes the
415/515 ratio a good index of juice
.better index o
uality An evenptember
quality can be derived by combiningS
this ratio with an index of overall
redness as measured with a color-
imeter. They found that the best way
organisms also takes place later in
the growing season.
Fall Treatments
Dr. Doughty believes that success
ful control of storage rots by maneb
dips at harvest also indicates some
rot organizations do not enter the
berries until after they are harvested.
Additional treatments during this
season may partially answer some
of these questions, he feels.
In short it seems conditions were
very favorable for a large Washing
ton crop this fall, as was the case
in 1961.
NEW JERSEY
W
Coolest Month
er o
The month of September was the
coolest September in the thirty-five
t
maximum temperature was
as 86
and there were 4 days when the
shelter mimum temperatures were
in the 30s, actually reaching down
t t , a new low
°
to 30 on the 25th, a new low for so
early in the month. The average
temperature for the month was 61.9 °
W;~n ipte duc-Theto minimize the color change during
la~v~·laie~·e-~Niialuls.
ered at the White Pine bog, a
better than average-Mass. produc-
tion and delivered to Ocean ay
f o r marketing. Based on Ocean
Spray estimated net returntto the
grower on tinunber of beies
the amount split between the two
was $888.60. Checks for $444.25 were
presented at bogside by Executive
Vice President and General Manager
of Ocdia Spray Edward Gelthorpe.
Schilling acceded for both players,
the Sichillings firs trying tSer ihand
at scooping rnd mechanical picking.
R—esearchBoosts
Research
Cranberry Juice
Cock-tail
The cranberry cocktail-a bever-
age made from cranberries, water
and sugar with ascorbic acid added
to provide vitamin C-is on its way
to Ibecoming tastier than ever.
Agricultural Experiment Station
research at the University of Massa-
chusetts has made it possible to con-
trol the choice of raw berries to pro-
duce a cocktail more uniform in
color and flavor.
Since the color of the juice can
also be measured, it is possible to
predict the color of the cocktail from
the color of the raw berries. A
color measuring machine known as a
colorimeter is used.
The study to determine the rela-
tion between color of cranberries and
color and stability of juice was head-
ed up by Dr. F. J. Francis in the
department of food science and tech-
nology. Another part of the research
was to develop methods of following
storage is to store the product at
ool temperatures. (Science News"
University of 'Massachusetts.)
F T
res rom s
(Continued from P!age 6)
recorded on five occasions in Au-
gust, with total precipitation of 0.65
inc. T e ws te warmes wea
5.6t less than normal.
Heavy On
Rainfall during the
hs6.04 wwhich inches, was
ther during September, maximums 'han he n a
of 88, 87 and 82 degrees being re-more
tain
month was
2.42 inches
inches
corded.
.
Color
B Fruit Good Siz, Color
FruitSizeGood
Grayland are reported as of fairly
good color, good size and quality.
There was, however, Dr. Doughty
found, considerable field rot showing
up in some areas, wr were
where, vines
heavy or weeds and grass caused
poor light and aeration. It is difficult
to get enough fungicide sprays into
the vines under such conditions.
Some Rot
Several fungicides provided good
control of most rot organisms, these
being, maneb, ferbam, captan and
phaltan. The main problem Doughty
finds is timing, i. e, making
application just prior to the time
fungus infection oc cur s. This is
sometimes difficult since not all of
dbut
the rot organizations infect the ber-
ries at the same time. Experiments
and observations have shown that
Despite the fact that the rainfall has
been amplle for the latter part of
August and the month of September,
te ro s so s e uring
mmer mn
cranberry reservoirs is still much
elow normal.
evere rost ss
he se est fost pel so ey
the season was experience by c berry
gr s n the nihts eptember
23rd, 24th and 25th. Temperatures
as low as 14 (North Branch)
ee r d A few growers repote
temperatures below 20° and
everal reported readings in the low
s The s widespread dama
theresulting
from ths frost, particularly
whe er was a lack of
N g awares
not all had a sufficiency
of water to protect their berries.
There was omplete destruction of
cranberries on at least one small
one of the principal area.
gus infection is during blossoming Crop Outlook Very Poor
gus infection is
or shortly thereafter. There is some As of October 1st, the New Jersey
evidence now that infection of rot (iCpntiniued on page 20)
Seventeen
,-
.~'Z
Eighteen~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*
cli ~ ~ (ISSUE OF OCTOBER 1963
&~j
C^QLJL5ia~li ~VOL 28 -NO. 6 (
A BETTER YEAR?
The big "news" of this month seems
to be that the decision by the Cranberry
Marketing Order Committee, meeting at
Boston, October 14th, that there need be
no berry "set-aside" this fall. This vote
came about, after voting five percent re
striction earlier, when it seemed the 1963
total U.S. crop would be considerably
larger than it later appeared.
This, apparently, means that the cran-
berry industry in its crop marketing this
fall, is just about as it used to be, that is
all berries produced are "free" fruit, to
be sold by the various distributors, exactly
as if there was no marketing order in ef-
fect. It would seem that the committee
acted wisely in removing this restriction
as soon as it became apparent in view of
actual conditions that restriction was not
necessary. We do not see, at the moment,
how there can be any quarrel with this
decision, certainly not on the part of those
who were strongly opposed to such an
order in the first place.
It may be recalled that during the
marketing order hearings, George C. P.
Olsson, president of Ocean Spray and later
chairman of the marketing committee, fre-
quently refered to the order as a "bridge"
to better 'marketing, which could be used
when deemed necessary.
Others have referred to the order as
an industry "tool" a tool which is there
to be used, when and if needed. It might
be likened to a spare tire on an automobile.
When a spare is needed "on the road" it
is really needed-and if not needed it is
not used. Last year this "tool" was neces
sary in the opinion of the majority of the
marketing order committee members. This
year, it has been decided it is not. Next
year, who knows at the present time, what
the production will be, and if a restriction
is necessary? The 1964 crop could turn out
to be a million and a half barrels instead
of the now estimated 1,197,000 or some-
where thereabouts.
'Come another year, there may, or may
not be a substantial purchase by the USDA
of fresh cranberries for the school lunch
program.
CLARENCE J. HALL
Editor and Publisher
Editor and Publisher
EDITH S. HALLAssociate Editor
Wareham, Massachusetts
SUBSCRIPTIONS, $4.00 Per
Year, FOREIGN, $5.00
CORRESPONDENTS ADVISORS
N
.Wisconsin
LE A. SORENSON
Cranberry Consultant
Wisconsin Rapids
Wisconsin
Washington
Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.
Oregon
FED HAGELSTEIN
Coquille, Ore.
Ma h
Massachuset
Dr. OHESTER E. CROSS
Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station
East Wareham, Mass.
New Jersey
P. E. MARUCCI
New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station
Pemberton, New Jersey
One thing is certain, however, as is
the case every year the weather cannot
be predicted. One area may be hit by bad
weather and other areas not, as seems to
be the case in Wisconsin this past season.
On the West Coast the weather was generally
favorable and the crop is up.
But better controls, say, in frost protection,
through sprinklers or other improved
water resources, improved chemicals, constantly
increasing "cranberry know-how"
may steadilly help reduce the weather
hazards.
Nineteen
SErDV IN
Fresh From The Fields
(,Coni.uefrom pe 1)
Conuedfrom page 1
cranberry -crop looks very poor. Some
veteran cranberry growers are re-
porting the worst crop in many years.
IGrowing conditions have Ibeen ex-
tremely bad all year. Many spring
frosts, adverse weather during the
polination period, sre ere drought
and early autumn frosts have been
the main factors which have caused
the Ipoor 'crop.
Half Crop Wet Harvest
An estimate is made that this fall,
that more than half of the New Jer-
sey crop 'will be harvested wet, with
"water wheels." It is reported that
all of Haines ,and Haines, Lee Broth-
ers and Arpin Cranberry Com'p'any
will all 'be picked by this method;
'most ,of 'the property of Clarence
Worth, Jeffrey's Branch Cranberry
Comipany, Jac's Cranberry Company
O NSIIN
WIIS CI
1 0 Un I 1
0OYVL II 9VI n 0
-' -~~~~~~~ -~members
and Anthony R. DeMarco, some of
Ocean IBerry, Joseph J. White, Theo-
dore ,H. Budd, most of these being
among the larger and more import-
ant growers.
Growers do not use aluminum dikes
to divide bogs as is being done
in Oregon, but where bogs are divid-
ed the owners (are building new earth
and turf dams.
The Bordentown plant of Ocean
Spray, upon which extensive improve-
ments have been made is function-
ally "'beautifully" ,according to Ed
Lipman, 'area manager.
R E G N
Bandon Expects 50,000
Harvest got underway in the Ban-
don area the first of October, and
William T. Dufort, Oregon Ocean
Spray manager said he anticipated a
production of about 50,10O0 barrels
INDIAN TRAIL, nc.
WORKING-MERCHANDIZING-SELLING
this fall, contrasted to 28,000 last
year. There are about 130 grower
-ofOcean Spray.
Packaging of fresh fruit began at
that time; an average of 600 cases of
the fresh product is packaged daily
by about 30 employees. The fresh
fruit is sold primarily on the Coast,
in Oregon and California.
OREGON STUDIES
(Continued from Page 4)
evaluated under dry picked and
water harvest conditions. Both refrigerated
and non-refrigerated stor
ages will also be compared. The incidents
of storage rots will 'be determined
for each treatment at the
conclusion of the storage period.
UR UIl ED
L
CULVER T PIPE
11--and
FLOW GATES
Felker Bros. Mfg. Co.
.-GROWNCCABRISMARSHFIELD WISCONSIN
~
WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES
12 Months of the Year ...
· ^'
Moving FRESH-FROZEN-
-CANNED & JUICE-
Striving always to move TOP-QUAL-
ITY products at TOP PRICES.for bet-
ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers.
P. O. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS.
Twenty
Phone 230-231
~~SPRINKLER
SYSTEMS
PUMPS
HIGH CAPACITY
W TLLST
ROBERTS
IRRIGATION
STEVENSSERVICE
POINT
WISCONSIN
SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS
IFOR SALE I OUR PRODUCTS
SEARLES JUMIOI
JMcFARLIN Cranberry
Whole Cranberry Sauce Cranberry Chilli SauceVine sVJin.".es -i Cransweets Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce
|HOW^EAS Strained Sauce Spiced Cranberries
for delivery in 1963
for delivery 19ii3 Diced Cransweets Cranberry Orange Relish$12500T. [run. Apple Vinegar
. Cranberry Sauce Cranberry
T F..D. Cranberry
15. 100 ron I Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Juice
i_ii Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri
[NTRESTED1 ?~INTERESTED g Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari
i
: Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri
UINiii^::: ICranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree
i Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake
|PURCHASING iiii Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries
WISCONSIN Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries
CRANBERRY I •
CPROPAERTIES
I Cranberry Products, Inc.
*.I*********^ Ii EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN
B.S. & M.S.
University of Wisconsin
Fees Reasonable I I
EAGLE RIVER I I
WISCONSIN
DANA MACHINE &SUPPLY Co. YOU J !I
Wis. Rapids Wis.
MFGS. of:.
SPRAY BOOMS AT READING THIS AD
GRASS CLIPPERS
FERTILIZER SPREADERS
Getsinger Retracto tooth
OTHERS
pickers
Dryer.
DIISTR. of: I WILL READ YOURS IN I
Iv
VEE BELTS & PULLEYS
CONVEYOR BELTING g A TD 1 I I
STEELg LMagI iJl $
i Magazine I
O(rhan pray Nbnui
PUBLISHED MONTHLY
Ocean SprayAdvertising Goes National
Three Products...Three W"ays
Ocean Spray's three biggest sellers will have national advertising to
boost sales this season. Fresh Cranberries will have network radio and
a $10,000 Cash Prize Recipe Contest. Cranberry Sauce will have full
page, full-color national magazine ads, and Cranberry Juice Cocktail will
have network and spot television.
Where to Stop, Look and Listen for
Ocean Spray Advertising
STOP and be tempted by the serving
ideas for Cranberry Sauce in these
magazines. October issues of American
Home and Good Housekeeping, and No-
vember and December issues of McCall's,
Ladies' Home Journal,Good Housekeeping,
and American Home.
LOOK for Cranberry Juice Cocktail
commercials along with these TV shows:
on NBC Stations, Loretta Young, Truth
or Consequences, Merv Griffin's Shop-
ping Spree, You Don't Say, and Match
Game. More later on.
AND LISTEN for the details of the
Big Prize-Winning Fresh Cranberry
Recipe Contest on Arthur Godfrey Time
and the Don McNeill Breakfast Club.
Both programs have a long record of
effective selling! Arthur Godfrey is on
209 CBS Stations, and Don McNeill, 317
NBC Stations.
GODFREY TIME ON CAPE COD
was September9, when the popular radio
and TV star flew into Hyannis airport
with his business manager to find out
what cranberries are all about.
Arthur likes to know about the products
he advertises, and what better way than
to get down on his hands and knees in
Bay View Bog in Hyannis and scoop a
few cranberries. He found the mechani
cal picking much easier after receiving
instruction from Ray Syrjala, bog
manager.
He later helicoptered to Onset to view
the screening, packaging and processing,
and to sup some cranberry treats made
by Janet Taylor. As he said, "They're
loaded with flavor" and he carted off a
cranberry jewel salad.
Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page
Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page
PREVIOUS............Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine September, 1963
NEXT................Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine November, 1963
GO TO INDEX