Chinese People's Revolution

China’s self-sufficiency and sino-centric world view permit isolation at top of vassal system
1742Pope declares Chinese traditional rights evil, Jesuits forced out
1760 Western trade restricted to one Cantonese port.
1784 America begins trade with China.
1796-1804 rebellion of the White Lotus Society, Qing military useless

End of Isolation 1800-1860

China considers all other rulers “barbarians” from vassal states, trade is “tribute”
leads to British “insults,” cultural conflicts, political excuses, violenceChina and the west learn the meaning of firepower.