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European politicians are pressurising Turkey following the agreement of an action plan that included a €3 billion package to Turkey to improve the situation for refugees there (although the sums reportedly haven't been transferred yet).

“This is a last-ditch effort by the [German] chancellor to push Turkey to get serious about the plan,” one senior EU diplomat said according to the Financial Times, adding that “the numbers [of migrants] are still high”.

The European commissioner in charge of enlargement and neighbourhood policy, Johannes Hahn, told Reuters that Turkey “could do more”.

“This action plan was agreed more than two months ago and we are still not seeing a significant decline in the number of migrants,” the agency quoted the commissioner, adding that such a decline must be visible by next Thursday (18 February) when EU leaders meet in Brussels.

“We need results before the EU summit to show leaders that this is working,” said Hahn, noting concern there is not enough time.

'Nowhere else to go'

Merkel said in her weekly podcast over the weekend: “We need to protect our external borders because we want to keep Schengen.”

While they meet, several tens of thousands of Syrians are reportedly waiting on the Syrian side of the border, hoping to be allowed to cross.

They fled a Russian-led bombing campaign in the northern Syrian city of Aleppo, which has been held by anti-government forces for several years. The Aleppo battle is seen by some as a possible turning point in the war, in favour of Syrian leader Bashar al-Assad.

Peace talks in Geneva meanwhile were suspended last week until the end of the month.

Turkey's deputy PM was quoted by CNN Turk discussing the dilemma his government faces.

“Turkey has reached the limit of its capacity to absorb the refugees,” he said.

“But in the end, these people have nowhere else to go. Either they will die beneath the bombings (...) or we will open our borders.

"We are not in a position to tell them not to come. If we do, we would be abandoning them to their deaths."