The signs are already up at your pharmacy, and your doctor might be pushing it, too, but is it already time for a flu shot?

Flu season runs from autumn to early spring, and you definitely want to be prepared, but this is one case where the early bird doesn’t get the worm. Or maybe they do, if the worm is the flu in March because their September flu shot has already worn off.

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According to NPR, the science is inconclusive as to how long a flu shot’s protection lasts. Some studies show that if the flu strain hasn’t mutated, last year’s shot still protects you; other research shows that your flu shot may not last even eight months, especially if you’re over 65.

An early flu shot is definitely better than no flu shot at all, but your best bet is to wait until about mid-October. That way, even if your immunity only lasts six months, it’ll carry you through the peak of flu season.

If you’re reading this later than October, though, don’t worry, late is better than never. And if not for yourself, do it for the herd—your immunity protects the people around you who aren’t able to get a flu shot themselves.