The "Middle East and Terrorism" Blog was created in order to supply information about the implication of Arab countries and Iran in terrorism all over the world. Most of the articles in the blog are the result of objective scientific research or articles written by senior journalists.

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Monday, September 19, 2016

Lebanon's Hatred of Israel - Fred Maroun

by Fred Maroun

A Symptom of Dysfunction

The animosity of Lebanon
towards Israel continues today only because it provides a convenient
excuse for Hizballah to maintain a formidable arsenal that it uses to
control Lebanon and to help its allies in Syria.

If Lebanon had prevented terrorist attacks from its territory
against Israel, not one bullet would have been exchanged between the two
countries. Today, Lebanon would be enjoying diplomatic relations with
Israel, and the benefits of successful trade.

Lebanon has many problems, including sectarian divisions, Iranian
influence, spillover from the Syrian civil war, the weakness of its
army, the ineffectiveness of its politicians, and the very existence of
Hizballah, but Israel's existence next door is not one of them.

The animosity of Lebanon towards Israel continues today only because
it provides a convenient excuse for Hizballah to maintain a formidable
arsenal that it uses to control Lebanon and to help its allies in Syria.

"Lebanese citizens aren't allowed to have any
communication of any kind with Israelis anywhere in the world. If
citizens of the two countries meet, say, on a beach in Cyprus or in a
bar in New York, the Lebanese risks prison just for saying hello."

The Lebanese online news source NOWexplains that law
in detail. Even a dual citizen (of Lebanon and Canada for example)
could be jailed for interacting in the most innocuous way with an
Israeli.

The Lebanese delegation, for example, recently refused to share a bus
with the Israeli delegation at this year's Olympic Games in Rio,
prompting the Israeli minister of culture and sports to describe
the incident as, "anti-Semitism, pure and simple, and the worst kind of
racism." The incident was, however, hardly surprising, considering the
history of Lebanese animosity towards Israel.

Only one of many incidents of pettiness and bigotry

The Olympics incident is unfortunately not unique.

Incidents in the entertainment industry have been just as visible. In
Lebanon's only attempt to enter the Eurovision song contest, its
contestant Aline Lahoud
was forced to withdraw in 2005 after Lebanon would not allow the
program to be broadcast because it included a performance by an Israeli.
Despite his huge popularity in Lebanon, the Jewish Moroccan-French
comedian, Gad Elmaleh,
was forced to cancel his performances at a 2009 Lebanese festival due
to what Reina Sarkis, a Lebanese psychoanalyst living in France,
described as Hizballah's "intellectual terrorism". In June 2010, a
boycott targeted the British Rock band Placebo, performing in Lebanon, resulting in a lawsuit by the Lebanese concert promoter against the groups that organized the boycott. Popular Belgian-Italian singer Lara Fabian cancelled a concert in Lebanon in 2012, after she was the target of threats for supporting Israel.

Such incidents have occurred in academia as well. In March 2010, Palestinian scholar Sari Hanafi,
a professor at the American University of Beirut, was verbally
assaulted at the university by a crowd of nearly 300 for having worked
with two Israeli scholars on a book, even though the book was critical
of Israel.

Even Miss Lebanon 2014, Saly Greige,
was implicated in this type of incident in 2015, when a photo of her
was taken with Miss Israel, Miss Japan, and Miss Slovenia. Lebanese
Tourism Minister Michel Pharaon launched a probe into what was
considered an incident of national significance. Greige was allowed to
keep her crown only after she made the implausible claim that the
picture was taken against her will.

Lebanon
has a law forbidding its citizens from interacting with Israeli
citizens. When Miss Lebanon 2014, Saly Greige (second from left), was
photographed together with Miss Israel, Doron Matalon (left), at the
2015 Miss Universe contest in Miami, the Lebanese government launched a
probe into what was considered an incident of national significance.

Religious officials are not immune either. In May 2014, Patriarch Bechara al-Rahi of the Maronite Church faced heavy criticism from politicians, and threats
from Hizballah media mouthpieces, for his decision to accompany the
Pope to Jerusalem. This was despite the fact that Maronite clergy are
legally permitted to travel to Israel for ministry duties.

An unjustified hatred

Lebanon has no valid justification for its hatred towards Israel. The
tiny "Shabaa Farms," on the border with Israel, which is only 22 square
kilometers in size, is often cited as a reason, but Syria also claims that same piece of land. Moreover, Israel is reported to be willing to evacuate it if it were to come under the control of UN peacekeepers. The "Shabaa Farms" is an excuse, not a reason.

Lebanon has suffered significant human and material losses as a
result of its two wars with Israel after 1949; that would certainly be
reason for animosity towards Israel, if it were not that Lebanon was
mainly responsibility for both wars.

The first Israel-Lebanon war in 1982-1985 was an attempt by Israel to stop attacks
against its citizens by Yasser Arafat's Palestine Liberation
Organization (PLO). If Lebanon had better controlled the actions of the
PLO on its own territory, that war would never have occurred.

The second Israel-Lebanon war in 2006 was an attempt by Israel to stop attacks
against its citizens by the Lebanese Shi'ite militia, Hizballah. If
Lebanon had disarmed Hizballah when it disarmed other militias after the
1975-1990 civil war, the second Israel-Lebanon war would never have
occurred, either.

Lebanon, which has a weak army, might be considered a victim of
circumstances beyond its control, but that is not the case. Lebanon has
contributed immensely to its circumstances.

Lebanon chose to be part of the Arab coalition
that rejected the 1947 UN Partition Plan and attacked Israel in 1948,
thus creating the Palestinian refugee problem. Lebanon still chooses to
keep Palestinians in camps with limited rights
rather than to integrate them into Lebanese society, thus fostering
Palestinian grievances and a desire for "revenge". Lebanon also chose to
allow the Palestinians in the country to form their own armed militias, which were a catalyst in the Lebanese civil war and resulted in PLO attacks on Israel.

Lebanon has yet to try reaching a permanent peace with Israel. Israel had hoped
to sign a peace treaty with Bashir Gemayel, who was elected president
of Lebanon in 1982, but who never became president because he was
assassinated soon after his election. His older brother, Amin Gemayel,
who was elected in his place, reached a limited agreement
with Israel in May 1983 that fell far short of a full peace agreement,
and obviously did not stop Hizballah attacks against Israel.

Lebanon's provocations

In addition to failing to stop attacks, successive Lebanese governments have even encouraged hatred and violence against Israel.

In May 2008, Lebanon's newly elected president, Michel Suleiman, praised Hizballah's fight against Israel. In July of that same year, the Lebanese government gave a hero's welcome to Samir Kuntar,
the cold-blooded murderer of an Israeli father and his three young
children. Kuntar was welcomed in person by the three most important
officials in the Lebanese government: President Michel Suleiman, Prime
Minister Fouad Siniora, and parliamentary speaker Nabih Berri. Kuntar
became a Hizballah commander and was later killed in Syria by an IDF operation.

Lebanese governments have even made anti-Israel aggression their policy. In 2009, the cabinet issued a policy statement
recognizing Hizballah's "right to use arms against Israel," despite the
objections of some ministers who insisted that Hizballah's "substantial
arsenal ... undermines the authority of the state".Again, in 2014, Lebanon's government issued a policy statement claiming that "Lebanese citizens have the right to resist Israeli occupation and repel any Israeli attack".

Anti-Israel rhetoric also permeates the unelected civil service. In
2013, while discussing the influx of Syrian refugees into Lebanon,
caused by the murderous Syrian regime and ISIS terrorists, Abbas
Ibrahim, director-general of Lebanon's General Security Department, insisted that, "Lebanon's one and only enemy is Israel".

Even some Christian politicians engage in such hateful speech. In 2015, Emile Lahoud,
a former president of Lebanon, appeared on Iran's Press TV, where he
declared, "All our troubles come from Israel through the US." The
previous day, Michel Aoun, a former Lebanese Army Commander, declared on the same show his support for Hezbollah, calling Israel the "enemy".

A divided Lebanon with no real autonomy

Despite Lebanon's official encouragement of Hizballah, many Lebanese
politicians would like Hizballah disarmed, and they have been saying so
for a long time. They usually however also reaffirm Hizballah's right to fight Israel, therefore undermining their own message.

Before he became Lebanon's prime minister in 2009, following the assassination of his father, Saad Hariri
expressed concerns about Hizballah's arsenal. It was suspected at the
time that his father, Rafik Hariri, had been assassinated by Hizballah, a
suspicion later confirmed by a UN-backed tribunal. The young Hariri's term ended in January 2011, due to pressure by Hizballah. In March 2011, tens of thousands of Lebanese demonstrators demanded that Hizballah be disarmed, chanting, "The people want the fall of arms", but in June a new Hizballah-dominated government was announced.

Lebanese politicians discussed
Hizballah's arsenal again in 2012, because some felt that "many
Lebanese have grown increasingly suspicious of Hezbollah's weapons".

In March 2013 and again in June 2013,
Ziad Al-Kadri, a young parliamentarian in Hariri's Sunni party,
criticized Hizballah, accusing it of "seeking to make of Lebanon a
liquidation field to settle regional scores".

In August 2013,
Lebanese Christian leader Samir Geagea, chairman of the Lebanese Forces
(the organization once led by Bashir Gemayel), reacted to an
anti-Israel speech by Hizballah's leader, accusing him of "dragging the
country into war against the wishes of its leaders".

Lebanon has had a national unity government
since February 2014 that includes members of Hizballah and members of
Hariri's party, but in January 2016, then Justice Minister Ashraf Rifi, a
member of Hariri's party, resigned. This followed Saudi Arabia's
cancellation of a deal worth $4 billion in support of the Lebanese army.
The Saudi move resulted from Lebanon's failure to support Saudi Arabia
against Iran, the sponsor of Hizballah. Rifi said that Hizballah "is an armed party that is dominating the government's decisions".

In February 2016, Saad Hariri, who no longer resides in Lebanon, accused
Hizballah of wanting to transform Lebanon into an "Iranian province".
The status of Lebanon as Iran's cannon fodder was confirmed in July,
when Hossein Salami, the second-in-command of Iran's Islamic
Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), said,
"In Lebanon, more than 100,000 Qasem missiles are ready for launch ...
ready to wipe out one malevolent and black spot from the political
geography forever".

Lebanon's lack of autonomy was also confirmed by Marwan Hamade,
a former Lebanese cabinet minister, and an ally of Rafik Hariri, who
said that Lebanon had wanted to negotiate peace with Israel, but that
all dialogue was blocked by Syria. Hamade said
that, "While Hariri and his block wished to normalize and demilitarize
Lebanon after Israel's 2000 withdrawal from southern Lebanon, Hezbollah
and Syria wanted the opposite".

Lebanon's real problems

The rift between pro-Hizballah factions and anti-Hizballah factions
is growing and is tearing Lebanon apart. Lebanon's parliament has been unable to compromise
on a new president after Michel Suleiman's term expired in May 2014.
Since the three most senior positions in Lebanese politics are
constitutionally divided between a Christian president, a Sunni prime
minister, and a Shiite parliamentary speaker, the stalemate means that
for over two years, Christians have had no representative at that level.

However, Lebanon's political dysfunction goes far beyond a
constitutional crisis, and it affects the daily lives of Lebanese
people. The New York Times reported

"With a new government dominated by allies of
Hezbollah... censorship has been on the rise... Lebanon's Sunni Muslims —
traditionally moderate — have been increasingly challenged by
extremists, including Salafi mullahs in Sidon and Al Qaeda in the
northern city of Tripoli ... Christian groups have also been joining the
call for censorship".

This has led "a parade of artists to leave the country." The
dysfunction even affects public health; garbage was not collected in
Lebanon for almost a year, from July 2015 until March 2016, when a temporary solution was finally implemented.

In May 2016, popular Lebanese journalist Nadim Koteich revealed his support
for Israel's annexation of the Golan Heights, by tweeting that the
war-ravaged Syrian city of Aleppo would have been better off under
Israeli occupation. Koteich's daring tweet (later deleted) demonstrates
that despite Hizballah's stranglehold on Lebanese politics, the
irrational anti-Israel position of Lebanon is opposed by many of its
people.

It is very likely that some of the nine athletes
in the Lebanese Olympic delegation are not anti-Semites and would even
welcome interaction with Israeli athletes. However, they also know the
power of Hizballah and the consequences of challenging its authority.

The difficulties of Lebanon are much larger than the question of
whether or not its athletes should avoid Israelis. The occupation by
Israel of a disputed piece of land, the "Shabaa Farms" that is 0.2% of
the size of Lebanon, hardly warrants the existence of an independent
militia that is more powerful than the Lebanese army and that has undue
and disproportional influence over the country.

If the Arab states, among them Lebanon, had not attacked the
newly-independent Jewish state in 1948, and if Lebanon had prevented
terrorist attacks from its territory against Israel, not one bullet
would have been exchanged between the two countries. Today, Lebanon
would be enjoying diplomatic relations with Israel, and the benefits of
successful trade.

Fred Maroun, a left-leaning Arab based in Canada, has
authored op-eds for New Canadian Media, among other outlets. From
1961-1984, he lived in Lebanon.

Source: https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/8952/lebanon-israel Follow Middle East and Terrorism on TwitterCopyright - Original materials copyright (c) by the authors.