In stellar atmospheres, if we are given the gas pressure on the surface level of a star $P_{0}$ and we are expected to calculate the gas pressure on a deeper level (say 10000km) of the star, what kind ...

I'm reading about planetary nebulae and how they are formed, but as is sometimes the case, I've gotten a little confused.
So, I have a star, let's say 5 times the mass of the sun. At some point, when ...

I have a question about measuring the boundaries of habitable zones on other planets.
Is it okay to assume that, if Sun's habitable zone starts at a distance $R_0$ and its luminosity is $L_0$, we can ...

I have been given the task of synthesising an elliptical galaxy, a starburst galaxy and a spiral galaxy (considering the arms and the bulge separately and adding them) using stellar spectra which I ...

The obvious answer is hydrogen and helium plasma but the nuclear fusion can also create heavier elements. Are these heavier elements a significant portion of the core? Do the heavier elements "sink" ...

I'm curious, are there specific conditions for a transfer of mass between two stars as they pass near each other? Its for my final project in computing, I'm writing a gravity simulation and thought ...

I understand that an accurate determination of the bounds of the "habitable zone" for a given stellar system depends on a large number of factors, including many beyond characteristics of the parent ...

Being a 4th year undergraduate physicist, you'd think I'd know this!
But it's never really taught in any detail, just vague mentions of metallicities and, in galactic case, redshift.
So how exactly ...

I'm reading some literature on mass loss in the RGB/AGB branches and so far I'm getting a lot of information regarding mass loss via dusty-winds/pulsations but almost no explanation of mass loss by ...

On long enough cosmological time scales, hydrogen and helium nucleii will become scarce in the Universe. It seems to me that any advanced civilisations that might exist in that epoch would have the ...

Are binary systems (in case of stars and other celestial bodies) more favorable than independent existence? I've been going through an article regarding pulsars, where it was stated that 'many pulsars ...

So this probably stems from my massive ignorance about post-Newtonian physics but the supernova results of 1987 which measured neutrinos arriving 3 hours before the light from the supernova have been ...

Is there a manageable formula or set of formulas or simple algorithms that approximate stellar luminosity and effective temperature (or radius) as a function of stellar age?
I'm aware that accurate ...

If Betelgeuse were to go supernova would the sky be twice as bright, or day time extended, depending on what time of year it happened in.
Basically when it does supernova how bright and large will it ...