The detailed answers on a member of Congress’s position is gathered and complied by a foundation known as Vote Smart. James Risch has refused to provide voters with positions on key issues covered by the 2016 Political Courage Test, despite repeated requests. Raul Labrador is still welcome to submit the test at any time.

In response to the increasing unwillingness of candidates to answer issue questions, Project Vote Smart has researched Presidential and Congressional candidates’ public records to determine candidates’ likely responses on certain key issues. These issue positions, from the year 2016, are provided below as a courtesy to voters.

Pro-life

Abortion: Do you generally support pro-choice or pro-life legislation?

No

Budget: In order to balance the budget, do you support an income tax increase on any tax bracket?

No

Crime: Do you support mandatory minimum sentences for non-violent drug offenders?

No

Economy: Do you support federal spending as a means of promoting economic growth?

Yes

Economy: Do you support lowering taxes as a means of promoting economic growth?

No

Education: Do you generally support requiring states to adopt federal education standards?

Yes

Energy: Do you support building the Keystone XL pipeline?

Yes

Energy: Do you support government funding for the development of renewable energy (e.g. solar, wind, thermal)?

No

Environment: Do you support the federal regulation of greenhouse gas emissions?

No

Guns: Do you generally support gun-control legislation?

Yes

Health Care: Do you support repealing the 2010 Affordable Care Act (“Obamacare”)?

Yes

Immigration: Do you support requiring immigrants who are unlawfully present to return to their country of origin before they are eligible for citizenship?

No

Marriage: Do you support same-sex marriage?

Yes

National Security: Do you support increased American intervention in Iraq and Syria beyond air support?

Unknown Position

Social Security: Do you support allowing individuals to divert a portion of their Social Security taxes into personal retirement accounts?