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Mt. Vernon Democratic banner (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1853), 1861-05-14

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K:';: 7 Hi i ! rwY-rfg x "... ; v,.- it . t - r- y ' 1 - 1 " .. , ' . . . . . , ., . , - t. t ... . .- - ...... ; .. i ; - . . .... ... , v . ' ' r"rm VOLUME LETTER FE01I DEHfflSOff. prparlure from Camp Jackson A.U glad to gtt awiyEnkusiasm all along the Route to r,Gtmp D-iOH--Tit Ladiet for their Conn ' trji -EiAtl'if Soine Arrival at Camp Denni-ton WrrteJtvd QvmrtersLiMS of Buygage - Primlitt $Mptr-$?c Sleeping Apartment kDieicMi.g hain--'ilitary Discipline, &c. Cap Dcyxtso, May 4, 1861. Mr Elilor Er1ryelerdj moroin our Ee-imont received orders to prepare to move to Gamp DeirnUon at I o'clock. The men bavin become inpatient to be off ' revived the order with cheers, and the balance of the morning was spent :n act-'ve prep ration for- leaving. The n Km ili tarr regulations of Camp Jarksowren-der-d it almost iwpossiMe to disoatcH Kuainess - wan aoj facility. . and owing to the great coufu ten aUend.ine onr snHden departure, much of the private baegage belonging to our company was lnt or Ntipplacera. Ab.it ha'f past I o'clock. very thirtg beinj r-ii!y, the traiu conisling of thirty o!J pnMengw ear aiarted for Camp Dennison. At every station on the route we were grmted.by Urea cumbers of men. women and children, who manifested their kindness in many agreeable wtk- sometimes handing us bak t offices, pies, apples. &c At one poin: South Cttrleston. I think--a company of beautiful job'iV ladies vere assembled members of a seminary, perhaps who became so eutbusiastic in thir effjru to outvie each -other in doing os fi ton, thatsomof the prettiest were induced to rvaat to a few of our gallants, the favor of a kiss. V.Mir inrninnndent cherishes in his breast beautiful curl of auburn hair, as a to- Iran r .k. ,tri..ti svmoaihv of a baud.ome 8aib Charles.onian in t.hecaase of our glorious country. About 7 oel.H-k, P. M . e arrived at Camp Dennison, and in lea than ten minutes the bovs wh had been so anxious to Ujave iir first camp, had oeca-tion to winb thems Ives back again. In fct. fir a re;ulr etncanipnient, the qnarer we inrrltced to wr of ihe roost wretc-hed character in-iinab1e. The bigdae belorini' to the baltallioM was all tumbled out in a heap-. ' an I a ea-b coropanv tnan-bed up f ibe pb. i'c member helped tbemsrlvs to tb-ir own,.if lbe f .unlit ; if not. then to tbe-besi'they .couM et. Our company being i.ear .the rt ar, hy". the lime oar tura came but liuh- was h-fi but a A-w dil.ij - idated crpet sacks, and sme dozen or two blmi-kets. which bad beeu kicked about in the dual until little of the orijiual colorwa psrceptible. The m?n. however, bore these evils with com-tnendabte patience, and atiih great alacrity ft II to building temporary .'abed, for the oijfht. Thm was aecomp-'Uhed by Uyimr some lo .se bMtrd upon the ground for flr. the roof b"un coiupo-ae) ef the same articles, by resting one end on a fence. .' For supper, each man whs served with two slices f brwad. which, having bee cut 'in Columbus ia the m .ruing, was good and dry. Th meagre an-l siir.ple tn-al was greatly ei joe.d hy ' the com pan , and 1 think that I uevtr iatud a .-, mure pl-i able one iu my life. " An h iur r ln after supper was spent iu strolliu arr.und tamp, when the men all retired to their rude beds not to erjoy' a very comfbn" ablo rest, however; for in a few. minutes a heavy rain set iu, which increased in . violence until morning. hen it literally pur&d down. Our h-'! werr bu inlEf -rant sh -liar frj u the peh-ing: storm, and those which mibt have been a protection in. a lUihb-ra'e 8h r, I'i'ig b.'t'.ie . morniug bad nd nit'cH Ht r eiutugh to drench their iujjattH to .U'n. l w a'nusing to ohirrv S .il- i h- ii - .! lo heher iheni Slven fr"i li'd ii'- -'!'j wt-r, but ever -ff.r' of their ln"-iJ:t :h3'I. and by day light every man io tha co-n t toy W:is Hoitkin wet. 'Thf little .ep'iH'.Jrt.of I'amji lift- wh. lnrtie with - gnod humor. and the rain having ceased by h1 octo k, the Cptaiu had t"b nien net off in menses, when the com pan for the first time prepaid their oh breokfat, which" consisted of salt meat and raw bread. We are now engaged in building permanent bar.acks, and by uigbt we will have quarters which will be comparatively comfortable. ' rud'rt.au1 that we will be immd lately placed I nndcf the strictest military discipline, and be . constantly occupied in drilling a thing very much t be desired. Ocr camp is very advanta geously pituated for this purpose, being a large - tract of level ground, containing several buudred acres, surround -d on the sides by tilth bluff-. a-;d aeven.1 miles removed from any place of con. a quence. I he ijitlie Miamt j.s. it. rune directly J tbr ugb the camp, and we are supp!i-d with the 1 at eat news at an early hwr. The Cinciitaaii papers were read by os this moroiug before your readers vere on I cf bed. ' - ""It i expected that our Raiment the Fourth . will be armed and uniformed next week. The ' aaea of the M-MiotVeroon Companies are all enjoying xceHeta health. All letters addressed to - sbeaa bold be sent to the eare of their respect-ivt Captains, at Camp Denoieoa. - - . . Yours Respectfully, ' . ' 1. O. R. . Another Letter from Camp Dennisoa. Caxr Dcxxtaox, May 6th, 1861. I ssixs a opportunity of writing to job that you may know, in a measure, bow I wiib the rest ot -vhw boys," am getting along. We arrived at this emp on ' last Tharsday about dark. The camp if situated ia sv beautiful -alley the Little Uiami.M foarteeo miles ' north of Cincinnati t on two sides, east and west, - are bemaed in by beaatifa! bills the groead 09 which we are' encamped U ,n plowed and soma of it planted in wheat and com. There . were no tests feailt for. on regiment whea ve j came, eo we bad to lean board tjp by a fence and sleep snier tLsm the firxt aighr, and i rained all night thus joa may imagine bow if went for us "bouse plaata." Tke ort da we bad to all spouucu be carpenters and build one tents. The rain continued all the net day, and we worked lib Turks, by dsfk bad eooafh tents Ea iahed to bold onr coot rany, and the wezt day beinr clear we finished witbont further troabla. There are now, with one regiment that came this mornieri I thin, eight regiments in the camp last Hon day there was not a man. Oor regiment was a worn into service yesterday noraing. I don't suppose there is a man in oor company who is down-hearted or discontented,-although oor "grub" is both senary and poor, being naaght but dry bread, pickled pork, coffee, sugar, and once a day we get beans. Our sleeping apartments are excellent, every seventeen persons having a baildtflt; lfi by 25 feet with a good roof, door, porch, &c, and nice straw to lay on, and everything comfortable in short, we are all riht." , As to the time we will remain here. I am not able to state, bet from what l ean learn, unless in case of an emergency, we will remain here to be in readiuess should an attack be made on Cincinnati. For the benefit of those who may feel an in terest, I will state the names of the occupants of our bunk ; J. A. Mitchell, Wm. McDowell, Nash Morton, C. V. Johnson,, S. Tipton, 0. Walker, B. Ward, T. Berry, A. Lawton, John Shaffer. B. F. Horner, J. W. Rowley, E. S. Miller, iL W K rr, F. O. Jacobs, J. Hollabaugh, and Wm. Doty. Of the above' very peaceable, sociable od accommodating "mesa,!" under the title of 'Boozen Den," Mr. J. A. Mitchell is Captain, and Wm. McDowell is our "Commissary1 on extras so taking all things into consideration, a rational miod would, I think, strive at the conclusion that the " Puritans of Coozes Den" are as happy a set as can be found mmoag the O. V. Mv The rules, which are strictly enforced, are bbriefly expressed : Doors closed and lighU Un guished at 9 o'clock, no drinking nor quarrelling. arise every morning at & o'clock, at which lime Revellee beats and the roll is called. Our regiment has not been drilledjtny since we arrived here, owing to the inclemency of the weather and having to build our own tents. We w. II. 1 auppo-te, march for drill to-morrow, and in the course of the present week be taught the military use of arms. I' he re is a village about a mile south of us where we are supplied with japer, envelops, siiuis, tobacco, atid fi.-h-books and lines. Tb Arei here looks beautiful, the leaves on the trees being out. Our company is. I believe, all well except one of our hot btiug slightly tioubled with a break-ng out on hie facw abd bawds, eansed by a poison vine. To day it rains. I came near cloeing my letter without saying an thing aJbout our ga'lant Col. Andrews. De ia troty a noble maa, and is thought more of every day by his regiment. The officers of our company are also very much liked by the soldier. Yonts, "Boozcir Dct." iifitt Fri ths tJt. Loais liapublican. ; SPEECH OF JUDGE DOUGLAS. Delivered befor the Illinois Legislature, on Thursday Evening. April 25 1861. The joint session of the Legislature hav'n? assembled in the Ball of the House of Representatives. Senator Douglas, accompanied by veral friends, entered at a quarter t eight. Mr. Speaker Co I Iocs then introduced him to the Lt-gislature. His appearance ws greeted with universal applause. . The following is the material portion of the speech : ' , I appeal to you my countrymen men of all parties"- not to allow your passions' to get the 'etter of your judgments. Do not allow your vengeance upon the authors of this great iiiquitv to lad you into rash, and creel, and desperate acts upou those who may differ with you in opin-'ou. Let the spuit of moderation and of justice prevail. i.Yoa cannot expect within so few weeks after an excited political canvas that every man oan rise to the level ot forgetting his partisan prejudices and sacrifice every, thing npon the altar of his country, bat allow, me to say to yon whom I have opposed and warred against with an energy you will reepeot, allow me to say to you, you will not be trne to yoor ooautry if you ever attempt to maun factore partisan capital oat of the miseries of your c untrv. Much ap-p'ause. When calling np-tn Democrats to rallv to the tented field, leaving wife, child, father and and mother behitd them, to rush to the rescue 0f tne Preet lent that yo elected, do not make wtr upon them and try to mannfactare partisan capital out of a struggle in which they ere en. gged from the bolw-st and puree of motives.- rRHewed app'aaea. Then I appeal V yon my own Democratic frietids those men that have never failed to rally under the glorious banner of the country, whenever aa enemy at home or abroad has dared to assail it to yon, whom I believe to bo the pnrest patriots that ever lived do not allow the mortification, growing oat of defeat In a partisan struggle, and the elevation of a party to power that we irmly belitra to be dangerous to the country do not let that convert yo from patriots into traitors to your native land. " (Long coot ti tied applause. Whenever onr Government ie eeeuiled when boattle armiee are marching nnder now and odious banner agaiast the Gev-ernmeot of oor country, the shortest way to peace ts the most stupendous and unanimous preparation for war. (Tremendous applause.) Tbe greater U nnaaimtty tbe leas blood will be shed. Muchapplanae. Tho snore prompt and ener. getic tbe aaovamant, and tee more important it U is Mmbera, tba aborter wiU Uthtatrnggle. - Every ftieod or freedom; every cbampio. and advocate of Conitlutioaai; liberty tiroesb- osl itt Uzi Kzzi Xeal tis &is ecai U ta 0s, :' ' ,.rt -l- - ' -; . ,. - TTbat Is tli atusrpt mow beisg toad T - Seres States of this TJtwa cloocoHo declare tbat'toey will bo loar obey tit bebait of tba United (bloq MOUNT YERNONi OHIQ iiXJE States that they trill withdraw from the Govern-meet established by oar fathers that the will dissolve, without oor consent, the bonds that have united us together. But not content witb that, they proceed to invade and obstruct oar dearest and aeoit inalienable rights, secured by the Constitution. One of their Erst acts is to es tablish a battery of cannon upon the banks of the Mississippi, on the dividing lino between the State of Mississippi and Tennessee, and require every steamer that passes down the river to come to nnder a gun to receive a custom boase officer oa board to prescribe where tba boat may land. and npon what terms it may pat out a barrel of flour or a cask of bacon npon the river and upon the orders of those States, to col off oar freedom of trade, v We are called npon to aanctioo this policy. Before consenting to their right to commit each acu, I implore you to consider that the same principle which will allow the Cotton States to exclude us from the ports of tbe Gulf, would authorise the New England Slates and New York and Pennsylvania to exclude us from tbe Atlantic and tbe Pacific States to exclude ns from the ports of that ocean. Whenever you sanction this doctrine of secession, you authorize the States bordering npon the Atlantio and Pacific Oceans to withdraw from as, former alliances among themselves, and exclude ns from the markets of the world and from communication with all the rest of Christendom. Not only this bat there follows a tariff on imports, levying of taxee npon every pound of tea and coffee and sugar, and every yard of cloth that we may im port for consumption ; tbe levying, too, of aa export duty upon every bashel of corn and every pound of meat we may choose to send to the markets of the wjrld to pay for our im ports. "-.' '- Bear in mind that these ry Cotton States, who in fursaer times have been eo boisterous in their demands of free trade, have among their first a its established an export duty on cotton for the first time in American history. It is a historical fact, well known to every man who has read the debates of the Convention which framed the Constitution, that the Southern Slates refueI to become parties to the Constitution unless there was an express provision in the C institution prohibiting Congress tt levy an export duty on any product of tbe earth. No aooner have these Cottou S ates seceded than an export duty is levied ; and if they will levy it on their cotton, do yon not think they will levy- it on onr pork, and onr beef, and onr corn, and onr wheat and onr manulectiued articles, and all w have to sell T Then what is tbe proposition T It is to enable the tier of States bordering on the Atlaatie and Pacific, and on the Gulf surrounding as oa all sides, to witi draw from our. Union form alii snces among themselves and then levy taxes on ns without our consent, and collect revenue with J out giving ns any just proportion or part at all ol the amoant collected. Can we submit to taxa? tion without representation? Several- voices "No." Can we permit nations foreign to us to collect revenue off of our products the fruits of ouriiidustry ? I ask the citizen of Illinois ; I ak every citizen in the great basin between the Rjckv Mooatains and the Alleghenies; in the valleys of the Ohio, Mississippi, and Missouri, to tell me whether be is ever williug to sanction a line of policy that may isolate us from the markets of the world and make as dependent provinces upon powers that thus choose to isolators ? Many voices, No," and Never" I warn yoa, my oouotrymen. whenever yon permit this to be done in the Sjthern States, New York will very soon follow their examples New York that gTat port where two-thirds of all our revenue i colleo'ed, and where two-thirds of all our goods are exported, will not long be able to resist the temptation of taxing fifteen millions of people in the West, when she can monoplize the resources and release her own people thereby from acy taxation whatsoever ; hence I say to yon. my countrymen, from the best consideration I have been able to give this subject, after tbe most mature reflection and thorough investigation I have arrived at the conclusion that, come what may war, if it mast be, although I deplore it as a great ealamity, yet, come what may the people of the Mississippi Valley can never consent to be excluded Torn free access to tbe porta of the Atlantic, the Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico. Great applause. " Hence I repeat that I am not prepared to take up arms, or to sanction policy of onr Govern-went to take np arms to make any war npon tbe. rirhia of the Soothern Slates ; npon their do-r mestie Institntions ; upon their rights of person or property, but on the contrary, would rush to heir defence and protect them from assault; but, while that is the case, I will never cease to arge my eounttymen to take up arms to fiebt to the -tenth in the defence of our Indefeasible rights. Long and con tinned applause. ' Uence, if tbe war does come, it ie a war of eelf defence on oar part. It ie a war ia defence of our own just r.ghts ; ia defanee of the Government wbicb w have inherited as a precious legacy from oar pa triotie fathers; in defence of those great rights of the freedom of trade, commerce, transit and intercourse from the eearre to the circamferance of our great continent. :- These axo rigbti we must struggle for and never surrender. ' - ' .' "- I have struggled almost agaiast tope to avert the calamities of war and to effect a reunion and reconciliation with bur brethren of the Sonth I yet hope it easy be" done, but I am not able to point oat to joa bow it may be. ; Nothing short of Providence can reveal to us tba issue of Ibis great sUogfle, Bloody catamitous, I fear it will be. May we 'so eondact it, if a' collision mast come, that w will . stand j osu'lied IA 19 ejef of Qiot who knows oar hearts and who will jadga our eery ucC'i Vio mast ot tell- to ressBtrnents tor to the spirit . cf ecjeaco mucb Jeas to tbe ' desire far conqarst of ;acibi-tiou. t H f,".'."-.'.--.: j::J I sea bo ambition cbea ia svtbodj tc;;l lor trieopb oyer my owa coantrymen. There is no pstb for aaLIiKa'opea for me in a divided country. Hence, whaterer wa msy do tsttst be tba resaU of duty, of convictioo, pf patriotic doty-4 the duty that wa owe to ourselves, to our poster ity, and to tba friends of eoastitutioaal liberty and- self government tbroo jboul tba irotld. Loud applause. '"'-- ; ': :'.".:. . .- Uj friends, I eaaT say eo taore. To discuss theea topics is the most painful duty of say life. It is with a sad heart witb grief that I bare e ver before experienced that 1 have to contemplate this fearful straggler bat J believe in my eoscience that it is a duty we owe to ourselves, and our children, and our God, to protect this Government and that flag .from every assailant, be ha who be may. Tremendous and prolonged spplauee Graphic Description of the Ilarcb and Travel from Annapolis to "Washington. The following accoant of tbe march of 4he 7ist New York Regiment from Annapolis to tbe Junction, acd their jonrney on to Washington. is quite interesting, and - will prpve particularly readable to our volunteers who are panting for action. It ia furnished by a Correspondent of tbe New York World, who accompanied the reg-iment : ' " The Seventy-fiwt was ordered to march on Washington by the Baltimore and A.nnapolis junction, at 3 o'clock on the afternoon of the 24tb instM The Seventh had preceded us. and the Eighth Massachusetts had relaid the railroad track, and communication was open between the Junction and Washington by rail. The distance to the Junction is twenty-four miles by the road and tbe Junction is nineteen miles from Wash ington. A. severe thunder storm at 2 o'clock deluged tbe roads, and readered them for that day impassable. At 3 o'clock the next moro:ig the drums beat, and we harried to join the ranks to marcn. a uttie alter aayugnt we were on our way, Ibe band playing tbe Star Spangled Bao ner. Bail Columbia and Dixie Land. Evert man had his rations and knapsack, which, with his motket, ammunition nd revolver.-weighed about forty pounds. Tbe soldiers were also compel leu to r their, overcoats. The road wan not over fifteen feet wide, and very - heavy. Everv mile ortwo dense woods of spruce and hemlock, filled with underbrush, interred between the farms. Whenever we reached snch a plaea. the bngle aooaded the advance, skiraiih era daabed through the thirkets. and tbe column followed on the road. At 11 o'clock we baited at MilleOtfevill. for. breakfast; Cold beef and two pieces of hard bread constituted the repast While here, the Rhode Island regiment overtook ua and passed oa ia advance. Tba soldier cheered each other, and every est was in high spirits.. Our march. nnforte-- 'elv, was delaved, ?3Jj .tb,eJarrbn4-C -rb sWiit horse in the beggare train of the Rhode Island regiment. .' What the rebels of the Stat could not do was done by a brute, whicb neither blows nor pursoaaion could move. Every few hundred vards the beast wiuld stop blocking no 'be nar row road and bringing ns to a halt. Fin all v be was unhitched, and what became of him- afterwards.! know not. At we halted again, and after a march of aboat nineteen mites. Colonel Vosburgb and Mr. Wilks, editor of tbe "Spirit, " acting as bis special aid, went on to Jameston. ia advance, to telegraph oar arrival to Washington, and request that a train be sent down for ns. . . At the Junction they found tbe wires ent The Rhode Island Regiment had encamped two and a half milef betond ns. Just as sight eet fa Lieut. Col. Marten ordered ns to marc h. In an instant the men were in ranks, and the column on its way. The advance dashed oat in lines of skirmishes, beating the wood on either side for the enemy. In a few moments the trumpet from the rear guard sounded for the main body to halt, aod our trumpeter sounded the recall, which was answered by the bugle of the, skirmishes. " Tbe darkness of tbe night, the stillness around ns only broken by the notee ' f tbe trumpet, and the knowledge that we were ia as onemv's country, and the probability of aa attack at any moment, made tha scene impressive. Tbe recruits did not understand the meaning of these signals, and snnpoeed an enemy was following in the rear. Thev at once demanded to he led back, that the might be the first to meet tbe enemy. At another time an alarm was given that an enemy was approaching, and instantly the col- u m n faced about. . . No fear was visible tbe soldiers longed for a contest, and one of the recruits, who represents West Washington Market, re marked: 44 Confound this musket, I can't see to shoot anv one. Only give me my brass knuckles, acd I'll lick them back." Gar baggage horsee gave out, and we left them in the Rhode Island camp, with company to overtake us the next day. The Rhode Islanders had their fires barninr a . 1 . .1 if sa. . ongniiy, ana ma renecuoa oi toem fett on the stacks of riflee, and groups of soldiers, some moving round and others sleeping oa the ground with their blankets about them, made a sceoe too pioturesque to be described. We passed on. and at 3 o'clock A. M.. saw the camp fires of of a Massacbaeetts ' regiment that guarded tbe Junction of the Annapolis aod Baltimore railroads. We thus made a." march of twenty four miles, with heavy knapsacks, and with ihe exception of ba reel at breakfast and dinner, were twenty-three hours on onr feet, yet wa did no have one straggler ner did any one give out. 1 had calculated that aboat five per cent, would fall behind froas fatigue. In abort time ihe men wre asleep, whenever they could find boar 1 to Uy on. and tbe heavens for their canopv: We halted until three o'clock ia tbe afternoon, waiting for a train. At last H came, and, after we were embarked, news that tba enemy was three miles off oa the Baltimore road, marching witb cannon, was annonaeed. : Tba men inatanr ly got out, and were prepared for an attack the guns inspected and the men ia readiness. They all wished to be tbe first regiment to inaugurate the war. . At tea o'clock at uigbt, they were ordered oa the care, and - slspt sitting, witb their guns between their knees, patrols bad been seat oat for a distance of ten miles in advance, to guard tbe road. -1 thought we would have difficulty every moment. Signal fires wer ob served oa the bills beyond us, and rockets were sent op in variour directions by the enemy. At three P. M.ws started pa the ears for ITashingtoa, aad arrived at acoat seveo A. II'" without a easualty. ' - v. , .- . , is'' '- -.' - jm j-aaAfc-- , ' " . - -jf W'; , pettnxctlca cf th ZTorfsIi V&yj Tard : We liae now positive inte'lifenca wivb rejfard to tba destruction cf the Norfslk tlavy Yard. ftM t on fire Sunday mornieVAP"1 by the GorernmeDtfarcef"statioaed there, to pre. vent it falling into the lands of tie secessionists. All the most ralna!a ropert tiers was deEtoy-tl,inclauir tbeline-cf is-Ule sLiprenrsylvenie, tie screw fri -at ITerricic, sloe p-cf war Germaa-town, bris Pljmoctb and DolpLIa, frigates Col. n tabia, Potomao acd Delaware, tie Une-of baUle ship Nsw York, ea tie stocks, and otber vessels of less Taloa, together wi tho anas, maaitloss passing dEbcnts. : MAY 14, 1861. and stores, sbibsc preconcerted signal UJ. u?"BOOem-v 0 ..i .!n.oii.nn.trTn, the whole i w wh aaw shwiswsiwvwviji m' destructioa that Com. Rogers, WM,lU CapU Wright of tbe Engineers, weraV V reach the- point of rendezvous for embark2uf and were necessarily left behind. Tt is estimated. that the whole amount of property destroyed at this one port atone by order of the Government at Washington, is not far. from forty millions nf dollars.' It strikes as that this was aa': aoneces sary waste of the people' treasure. The Confederacy and Foreign Po vers. . WAsnixoTcst, May 5. The State Department furnished tbe President with tbe official correspondence between Minis ters Faulkner and Tboavenal of American af fairs Faulkner informed him that the President entertained foil confidence ia the speedy restora tion of harmony and unity in the Government ; that events might produce temporary inconve nience, to French subjects, but all injury should be indemnified , that the President thought it not improbable that there would-be an appeal made to foreign Governments by the Confadetate States for a recognition of their Independence, and aben such an appeal is made it Shall be opposed by tbe Minister who may represent the United States. -:"' " ; - Falkner said the only request he had to make was that no proposition re. oguizing a dismem Oerment of the Union shall be considered by France till tbe arrival of the Minister. who will be fully instructed. Tbouvenal replied, "No -application has yet been made. The French Government has never acted hastily on such questions," He assured Faulkner that no precipitate action would be taken on the subject by the Emperor. He said the estabKsed. usage was to recognize de facto Goverumeuts when a proper case was made out. In reply to a question, Faulkner said that f ree would not be .used, end that the only solutioa was a modification of the Constitution or peaceable acquiescence in the claim of separate sever eignty. Tbouvenal thooght the employment of force unwise. In tbe Secretary of State's instructions toMia-i-ter.Dajton. be is to consider the instruction of former ministers by the President as unchangeable, not withstanding any opinion expreaaed or tecrrded by bis -predecessor. - To asure Thou renal that no d.ffereoce of opinion exUis between the President and his Csbinet ; the pcth is plainly marked nut by stern necessity, and not at tbe hands of this Administration is this governmeai1 to end. France gives asscrance that she will not lake any hasty 'seps. This is considered sat ixfai lory ahbougb attended hy reservation. Mr. Seward eafs, in reply to Falkner's answer that force would not be used, Jbc.f that the time when these questions had any pertinency has passed."lnsurgente, witb deadly warfare, seek to compel the Government to recognize the dismemberment of the Union. We have accepted this civil war as an inevitable necessity. Constitutional remedies are still open to the insnrgents. and will remain so. - You cannot be too decided in making known t the French Government that no idea does 4r will exist of suffering a diMolution of the Uokvi to take place in . anv wayv peaceably or foreihlj. It has never entered tbe mind of any candid statesman here, and ii ii high time it be dismissed by European statesmen. (Signed) ' '. SEWARD. The Peril of Kentucky. We flud ia the Louis villa Journal an able and unanswerable letter. Written by the Hon. J. T Boyle, of that State, to Gov. Magoffin, counselling the Executive against Secession. The letter ears: ' If this Sute sides with the' rebelli ous States, she makes their quarrel her quarrel she be- oomtsat once a party to the war. The scene of conflict and war will be transferred from Sooth Carolina to Ken tacky.' This is inevitable. We have three large States on the Northern border. Illinois, Indiana and Osto, either one of which is more populous and wealthy than Kentucky, aud all these will be arrayed araiost our State iu bostility. Kentucky could not resist the power of them, and tbe whole armed power of the S uth most be conoenlrated in Kentucky. ' Devasta tion, ruin, poverty, starvation and death mast ineviubly come upon tbe State and all its People. " "-.;'... ;; i,v If the war is pressed from the border to the interior, as it will be, besides civil war, servile insurrection must follow, aad then wo to the women and children. Wo to all tbe land. The rich may fly from danger and transport their families to retreats of safety, bnt the poor aod even those of competency in times of peace. must be left to r uin and misery, if not to aanihi- latioa aad death. . - Fears of a JBIaro Insorrection- A gentlemaa who has beea sojourning in Georgia and Sauth Carolina, and just returned to JJew York, informs tbe Courier and Enquirer'as follows i , . . . ' ':.' ' ' ' . Waatevev may be the reports that reach oe from ibe Sou lb is regard fb great inanifestatioua u( lovw of ibair o asters made by fbe slaves, and no mattes what tbe represeutious f the press, our informant states that beyond all qeostiow tbe Soutbeiwrs tear, above all things, a naiagnf tbe alavw popubttMMi, aad regard it as a probability. K very precaution is beroamade to anlieipaie it, tbe supply ol arms left with the residents for that purpose being as great as that whicb ia carried off by those who enlist. There is eo doubt that. as tba war advances, tea least ad van tare raiaea by tbe Northerners, will be the signal for the np- J rising of tha blacks. They feel M aad apprwci-1 ate it at the South,' and the idea but makes them mere desperate- - v - - -: ,f " , . rrca Itlssonri, . . . ; " -. -- : -,. SraixGnsLP, Mo. May 4 ' Hon. Mr. Pbelps addressed the largest meeting held since the' secession excitement.: He said secession was unconstitutional, and believes in revol lion only when the evils are' ao great that civil war is preferahla- Missouri btd ho take patt in a war between the North and South, eo.n-meaeed wnLoat eoasuhation -with ner. Ueaj.-proved of Jackson's refuaal to eend troops to aid tbe Federal Government, and expressed tbe hope that the Dotier States will act as mediators; and star tba band of civil war. He believed that tbe multary taw of C3 aad 37 should be enacted, as that entailed no expense ea a State, aad regretted Virginia bad passed am ordnance ef seessiio'n, aad expected tba people to stand ?Crm agaiast seeeesiowi wbUe he weald bow ia ssbmissioa to tba finally exrexsed will of tha Jf &cp'.e, ha would vote against secession. After Mr. Phelps eoocladsd, -Mr. Bedibrd, of a coke a few minutes, when Judge Orr replied to him briafly, aad demoUsbed bia completely. . Secession has declined ia tba country. .,M""1 SPOBT Iff ST. X0TJI3.' ' Disgraceful Barbae '' - . Jid Two dc'? 2 7 . V Tiier Kdled. - Frea the Damoera - Whlla tba maaaea of one nortnTatio terday gathered for diviae worship or "rt'-i reposing at borne, a fight between two dogs ana a BraxiHian tiger drew tome eight or nine ban. dred men and boys to the Arsenal Park. The exhibition bad been largely advertised in the city prints and by immense posters on tbe streets, and the only wonder is that a much greater crowd was not attracted by the promised spectacle. As it was, however, the Fifth street cars were near ly moaopo'ixed between one and two, P. M. by by the hundreds of '' roughs' men, women aud boys and gentlemen who would object to being classed as ' roughs" ail bound to the scene of excitement. The tijfer was a veritable tier, imported two years since from Brazil, South America of a small, leopard-like species, and said to be three years old. The animal baa betjn tor several months on exhibition at a small menagerie on the southeast corner of Sixth and Q'Failen s's. The creature stood about twenty inches high, and was some three aud a half feet long aod wrighed about oiuetj-five pounds. : The proprietor states that" he purchased it for $200. The dogs jwerS a bull terrier, weighing about fifty pounds, and a huge black slut, of mixed greyhound breed, imported from Germany, aud Weighing some eighty five pounds. Their owner is Mr. St umpfF, barber, billiard and beer saloon proprietor, on Coroodelet aven ue, near Park Avenue. This momentous match was made some two weeks ago. and the conflict was to have tsken place last Sanday, but was deferred in consequence of the impertinent thunder aod lightning aad rata on that day. No wager was made, the parties tbe bipedal, of oourse expecting to be repaid by the fee of twenty-five cents required for the ad mission of eacb visiter. Tba tiger was domiciled in a care eighteen feet long, seven wide and ten high. This was placed upon aa eligible spot, and around it in front was built a wooden fence to keep off the erowd At three o'clock the doge wera led from their kennel to the door of the cage, and allowed to look for a moment at the enemy. Tbe latter J erouchel at the extreme end of its cage, eyeiog them mteitly. The door was raised, and they flew savagely in, white at the came instant the tiger sprang bounding to the ceiling aod coming down upon the invaders. Tbeir blood aud fur flew terrifically, but they at once; extrieated themselves, and both darted furiously towatds tbe foe-. Sir tiger received tbe-n with murderous strokes of bis fore paws, nearly fcalpiug them, and terinz off ribbons of fl-sh and hide at each blow. He finally seiztti , the siuy terrier's jtws in b:s mouth, aod was crushing them shockingly, when the slat planted her incisors deep iu his throat. Very reluctantly he was thus forced to release the terrier, but the slut desperately refused to relinquish ber hold His utmost efforts to shake or tear her off were unavailing, the terrier in the meanwhile having pounced upon his back and being en gaga d with the utmost enthusiasm in gnawing through bis neck from the top. Il became plain that the poor tiger was worsted aod would probably be killed, but his owner dared not 1 attempt to draw off the dogs. It was proposed to shoot them, bat this would only have trans-1 fWrred the war frem the cage to the crowd. ; StumpfH however, now removed the dogs. Their j victim theu rose, staggered a few steps, fell and expired. , ' .; Ia the excitement of the occasion, the crowd ' broke through tbe wooden barrier and rushed close to the iron bars of tbe cage. There was an indescribable atnouut of confusion and shav-iog. ai.d one or two fights among the spectators but none of the latter were seriously injured. The contest between the brutes lasted about half an hour. " . The proprietor of the slaia tiger expresses considerable remorse for his Sabbath day's work, and avers that he will never participate in a similar affair again on the Sabba'.b. Out he cherishes schemes of conquest over that dreadful slut. Her owner is ready to match her and another dog against a lion, and Mr. , who begs ns not to mention his name, thinks he can fiud a lion, to avenge tba ill-starred tiger. 1?hat it IXartial Law 1 At the present crisis the significance of a term so much used, and with so little accurals sense of its meaning, becomes unusually important. Bouviar defines martial Law as a code estab. likbed fot the government of tbe army and navy of the United States." whose principal rules are to be found in tbe articles of war prescribed by act of Congress. Hut Chaacellor Kent says this definition appHes only to a, military lawr while martial law is quite a diffcrrnt thing, and is foe ded on permanent -necessity, aod proclaimed by a military chief. Martial law is generally vaguely boIJ vo-bw a euspenaioo of all ordinary civil rights and process, and as such approxitaatee cloeelj to a military despotism. 1 1 i aa arbitra ry law originating in emergeneieaf In times of exireaa peril the State either from within or wUbout, the public welfare demands extraordiu-ary measares. And martial law. btung proclaimed, signifies that the operation, cf. the erdioary legal delays ef justice are sospeudad by the military powrr, wLicb" has for the time become sa preme. - K suspends the operation of the writ cf laJea corpus, cauUes persons cbarged wU treasoa U te summarlTr tried bya court martial instead cf sv grssd jury i'j ustiS searches and aeisares of privato property, and the talin poa- r mK!; bi-hwavs aa4 other means of) coumoaicaxion. Iavolviag tba bigbest extniso jjntcrfstmg 0arifig. NUMBEK of the right of sovereignty, it is, of course, cap ble of great abase, aad it is oaly to be jasUIsl oa emergencies of the most imperativo aad $af ilooi nat ere. : " - - y -: ' ' . " - Xoc&litiea and pistaxeea. The intense interest witb which ike movement of our troops is iolle wed, aod tba. present pbaas of the revolution, render tba following topcrsj b-teal notes of value in gettiog a clear ilea cf tha . current news: . - : fla w oe Grace At tbe mouth of the Casque hanna river, near the head ef Chess peals Day, is 62 miles from Philadelphia. At this point continuous railroad communication) is iulerrorted by a ferry. . . . . . . . -apolitOa tba west side of Chessexla Bay, abv 50 miles from Havre de Grace, 23 miles by rail ti Washington. , Annapolis junettoJi9 Jaoctioa of tbe Aa napolis branch road with U Washington branch. 19 miles from Annapolis, 20 sus from Wash-iiigton City. Fort Monroe At the junction of James river (northern side) with tba Chesapeake Bay, about 48 hours steaming from Boston, and 24 from New York. . - . ' . - ' Norfolk About 12 miles south of Fort Moa roe. 4 Cockeysvillt. 15 miles from Baltimore, oa the railroad to Harrisborg, (being probably the nearest point accessible on the rail to Baltimore from that direction.) J?(iwors.?8 miles from Philad.lplla, 23 from Wasbiogton, 85 miles from Harrisbsrg, 81 from Par per' Ferry, aud IT froo Auaspolis Junction. Fort McITenry is situated at tba extremity of a point cf laud cxtendiog from the city in tba south-west, ai.d is about two miles and s half bf the scale oh tbe coast survey map from tbe cea . tre of Baltimore. Opposite the fort, across tLa channel, which is here lesathan a mile ia width is the Lazaretto lighthouse. , . Tbe distance from Washington city to Char lea-ton is 537 miles; Washington to Wilmington, S. O, 378; Washington to Weldea, C, 215; Bichmond to Washington,' 120; Wheeling to Baltimore, 379. ; . ' Southern Surprise at tbe ZTortixcra Upi - aing. - : -v The Mobile liegister (which resisted seccrsles at first but afterwards went into it with a will, and its editor, Mr. Forsyth, was one of the last. Southern Commissioners at Washington,) baring beard that Mr. Douglas, Mr. Filmore, Mr. Cass and Mr. Buchanan support the Government, "Flere is a representative man of every shade of Northern conservatism.' We confess that this coufidence and simuttaneoueness of action oa the part of men who are ' wider apart by their autteedects than even by their places of rest dence, takes by us surprise. We endeavor ia vain to explain it by the soppo6irtou that these eenilemen consider I iocolu'e proclamation a declaration of war between country and country, in which they are not as loyal citizens permitted to select sides accoidiug to theirowa coeviciions as to the justice of the war. Were ibis tbe ex planatioa, why this hot haatn why tbeendorse-m-nt of the justice or constitutioalitr of the war f We are then forced to ibe conclusion that the whole public mind of ibe Nor tb has been sudden, ly seized with one of ibote manias fey whicb Providence sometimes smiles an ent re people, Horrors of Civil T7ar. To those who are unfamiliar wilh the history of civil wars, acd are now, perhaps, rejoicing-at the prospect of a 'brush,' we would command tbe following. It will give ihem a pretty correct idea of what we may surely expect uitlee reasoa rules the day; As a warning to the American peop'a at thla time, they should read tbe history of the French Revolution, and cu template its horrible racJu. Tbe extent to which blood was shed dcriag .its continuance will hardly be credited by the present age, but it is correctly stated that the a umber of viet'ims reached 1,022,35. Of ibis another 18.C0S wt-rsguillouutd by the order of the Eev olationaryribuual; 32.000 were victims undtg Carrier at Nantes; 32.00 J at Lji'ns; 3,403 womea died of premature child binh: 3t48 in child birth from grief-and there were slaia during Use "war in Lv VVndee 900,000 men, 15.000 womea aad 2 2. IKK) cbil-ru. In this enametatioa are not comprbei.ded ike waaiacre at Versailles; attae Abbey, the Crmes ai d other prisons oa tba 2d of September; the victims shot at Tou1on aad Marseilles, or tbe persons slain in tba liuls leva of Bedoin, of which tbe wboJa popalaliofc fariab-ed. . . . . ;- - - . - "t ;-. Frum tit Ksw Yark Trlbuaa. Caapaigiiisy Axioa. 1. One wall-fed, wall-equipped, wnp. pointed brigade is wortVlwQ that that are ill pr-vided. ; " "" 2. Ia rervice, three men die of undue expeeara, bad food, and their own impxadeaces, BLrw one is killed by shot or stab. - , V ' '. 3. Aaeasy, rational, nicely-fiittag uaifuiia. with warm, aubslautial blanket, broad-uled booia or shoes, and good woolen sock Will more Com-duce to efficiency in service tba a uperiuruy in weapOna. . - r- :--- a.; The tightest possible head 'cove nag, witaj a good look out for ventilation, will add a Vetk to the distauce a rrgiment caa marub ia a dy while insuring increased comfort. -4 . 3. A small cottoa hand kerebwf, or bala yard of tbe commonest sheeting, moialened with water ia the mors) ag and. worn between tba bmt aa4 tbe head, will protect tbe aolJier from aanstrvke, and greatly dimio'ieb tbe discouiiort and til tjua of a but daa march. 6. A flat boile covered with wo4a cloi, U cloth being noitenfrd aud fi-Vd wiib waiei ia the morning. will keep reaeoaably coKI throBou u long, bo day. - - ; ' 1. of all viliaioous concoctions, tte I.qaoa sold by camp followers are the must deieaiablw aud daugerousT " " ' - " " ? - . " "i h-y are more deadly than nsd caeaoa, and are sure to be tko j'ist when tbey should 'ao be. Every soldier wbo means to do Lis d-'J to his country should insist that all venders of iiem pataoas be drummed oat of camp..-.-. - 8. A ffnod Cixk to each coasp&ay, to kc?w how to make tx'l meat jaief and tsncJer. aei t have it ready whenever aid wherever it c ij t a wanted, is equal to two doctors atd f-5f t I'i eomhatants. ... . - . ;. ; 9. 02ors wbolova aad care fr t t wbile in rpose never have to eoaj t-I t-- coed act when ia actio. - ' ' . 10. A soldier whose heart is ia lie et:s Lf C.bts Cw U worth two who fi.ht frr tie; y.j. I 1, t u

K:';: 7 Hi i ! rwY-rfg x "... ; v,.- it . t - r- y ' 1 - 1 " .. , ' . . . . . , ., . , - t. t ... . .- - ...... ; .. i ; - . . .... ... , v . ' ' r"rm VOLUME LETTER FE01I DEHfflSOff. prparlure from Camp Jackson A.U glad to gtt awiyEnkusiasm all along the Route to r,Gtmp D-iOH--Tit Ladiet for their Conn ' trji -EiAtl'if Soine Arrival at Camp Denni-ton WrrteJtvd QvmrtersLiMS of Buygage - Primlitt $Mptr-$?c Sleeping Apartment kDieicMi.g hain--'ilitary Discipline, &c. Cap Dcyxtso, May 4, 1861. Mr Elilor Er1ryelerdj moroin our Ee-imont received orders to prepare to move to Gamp DeirnUon at I o'clock. The men bavin become inpatient to be off ' revived the order with cheers, and the balance of the morning was spent :n act-'ve prep ration for- leaving. The n Km ili tarr regulations of Camp Jarksowren-der-d it almost iwpossiMe to disoatcH Kuainess - wan aoj facility. . and owing to the great coufu ten aUend.ine onr snHden departure, much of the private baegage belonging to our company was lnt or Ntipplacera. Ab.it ha'f past I o'clock. very thirtg beinj r-ii!y, the traiu conisling of thirty o!J pnMengw ear aiarted for Camp Dennison. At every station on the route we were grmted.by Urea cumbers of men. women and children, who manifested their kindness in many agreeable wtk- sometimes handing us bak t offices, pies, apples. &c At one poin: South Cttrleston. I think--a company of beautiful job'iV ladies vere assembled members of a seminary, perhaps who became so eutbusiastic in thir effjru to outvie each -other in doing os fi ton, thatsomof the prettiest were induced to rvaat to a few of our gallants, the favor of a kiss. V.Mir inrninnndent cherishes in his breast beautiful curl of auburn hair, as a to- Iran r .k. ,tri..ti svmoaihv of a baud.ome 8aib Charles.onian in t.hecaase of our glorious country. About 7 oel.H-k, P. M . e arrived at Camp Dennison, and in lea than ten minutes the bovs wh had been so anxious to Ujave iir first camp, had oeca-tion to winb thems Ives back again. In fct. fir a re;ulr etncanipnient, the qnarer we inrrltced to wr of ihe roost wretc-hed character in-iinab1e. The bigdae belorini' to the baltallioM was all tumbled out in a heap-. ' an I a ea-b coropanv tnan-bed up f ibe pb. i'c member helped tbemsrlvs to tb-ir own,.if lbe f .unlit ; if not. then to tbe-besi'they .couM et. Our company being i.ear .the rt ar, hy". the lime oar tura came but liuh- was h-fi but a A-w dil.ij - idated crpet sacks, and sme dozen or two blmi-kets. which bad beeu kicked about in the dual until little of the orijiual colorwa psrceptible. The m?n. however, bore these evils with com-tnendabte patience, and atiih great alacrity ft II to building temporary .'abed, for the oijfht. Thm was aecomp-'Uhed by Uyimr some lo .se bMtrd upon the ground for flr. the roof b"un coiupo-ae) ef the same articles, by resting one end on a fence. .' For supper, each man whs served with two slices f brwad. which, having bee cut 'in Columbus ia the m .ruing, was good and dry. Th meagre an-l siir.ple tn-al was greatly ei joe.d hy ' the com pan , and 1 think that I uevtr iatud a .-, mure pl-i able one iu my life. " An h iur r ln after supper was spent iu strolliu arr.und tamp, when the men all retired to their rude beds not to erjoy' a very comfbn" ablo rest, however; for in a few. minutes a heavy rain set iu, which increased in . violence until morning. hen it literally pur&d down. Our h-'! werr bu inlEf -rant sh -liar frj u the peh-ing: storm, and those which mibt have been a protection in. a lUihb-ra'e 8h r, I'i'ig b.'t'.ie . morniug bad nd nit'cH Ht r eiutugh to drench their iujjattH to .U'n. l w a'nusing to ohirrv S .il- i h- ii - .! lo heher iheni Slven fr"i li'd ii'- -'!'j wt-r, but ever -ff.r' of their ln"-iJ:t :h3'I. and by day light every man io tha co-n t toy W:is Hoitkin wet. 'Thf little .ep'iH'.Jrt.of I'amji lift- wh. lnrtie with - gnod humor. and the rain having ceased by h1 octo k, the Cptaiu had t"b nien net off in menses, when the com pan for the first time prepaid their oh breokfat, which" consisted of salt meat and raw bread. We are now engaged in building permanent bar.acks, and by uigbt we will have quarters which will be comparatively comfortable. ' rud'rt.au1 that we will be immd lately placed I nndcf the strictest military discipline, and be . constantly occupied in drilling a thing very much t be desired. Ocr camp is very advanta geously pituated for this purpose, being a large - tract of level ground, containing several buudred acres, surround -d on the sides by tilth bluff-. a-;d aeven.1 miles removed from any place of con. a quence. I he ijitlie Miamt j.s. it. rune directly J tbr ugb the camp, and we are supp!i-d with the 1 at eat news at an early hwr. The Cinciitaaii papers were read by os this moroiug before your readers vere on I cf bed. ' - ""It i expected that our Raiment the Fourth . will be armed and uniformed next week. The ' aaea of the M-MiotVeroon Companies are all enjoying xceHeta health. All letters addressed to - sbeaa bold be sent to the eare of their respect-ivt Captains, at Camp Denoieoa. - - . . Yours Respectfully, ' . ' 1. O. R. . Another Letter from Camp Dennisoa. Caxr Dcxxtaox, May 6th, 1861. I ssixs a opportunity of writing to job that you may know, in a measure, bow I wiib the rest ot -vhw boys," am getting along. We arrived at this emp on ' last Tharsday about dark. The camp if situated ia sv beautiful -alley the Little Uiami.M foarteeo miles ' north of Cincinnati t on two sides, east and west, - are bemaed in by beaatifa! bills the groead 09 which we are' encamped U ,n plowed and soma of it planted in wheat and com. There . were no tests feailt for. on regiment whea ve j came, eo we bad to lean board tjp by a fence and sleep snier tLsm the firxt aighr, and i rained all night thus joa may imagine bow if went for us "bouse plaata." Tke ort da we bad to all spouucu be carpenters and build one tents. The rain continued all the net day, and we worked lib Turks, by dsfk bad eooafh tents Ea iahed to bold onr coot rany, and the wezt day beinr clear we finished witbont further troabla. There are now, with one regiment that came this mornieri I thin, eight regiments in the camp last Hon day there was not a man. Oor regiment was a worn into service yesterday noraing. I don't suppose there is a man in oor company who is down-hearted or discontented,-although oor "grub" is both senary and poor, being naaght but dry bread, pickled pork, coffee, sugar, and once a day we get beans. Our sleeping apartments are excellent, every seventeen persons having a baildtflt; lfi by 25 feet with a good roof, door, porch, &c, and nice straw to lay on, and everything comfortable in short, we are all riht." , As to the time we will remain here. I am not able to state, bet from what l ean learn, unless in case of an emergency, we will remain here to be in readiuess should an attack be made on Cincinnati. For the benefit of those who may feel an in terest, I will state the names of the occupants of our bunk ; J. A. Mitchell, Wm. McDowell, Nash Morton, C. V. Johnson,, S. Tipton, 0. Walker, B. Ward, T. Berry, A. Lawton, John Shaffer. B. F. Horner, J. W. Rowley, E. S. Miller, iL W K rr, F. O. Jacobs, J. Hollabaugh, and Wm. Doty. Of the above' very peaceable, sociable od accommodating "mesa,!" under the title of 'Boozen Den," Mr. J. A. Mitchell is Captain, and Wm. McDowell is our "Commissary1 on extras so taking all things into consideration, a rational miod would, I think, strive at the conclusion that the " Puritans of Coozes Den" are as happy a set as can be found mmoag the O. V. Mv The rules, which are strictly enforced, are bbriefly expressed : Doors closed and lighU Un guished at 9 o'clock, no drinking nor quarrelling. arise every morning at & o'clock, at which lime Revellee beats and the roll is called. Our regiment has not been drilledjtny since we arrived here, owing to the inclemency of the weather and having to build our own tents. We w. II. 1 auppo-te, march for drill to-morrow, and in the course of the present week be taught the military use of arms. I' he re is a village about a mile south of us where we are supplied with japer, envelops, siiuis, tobacco, atid fi.-h-books and lines. Tb Arei here looks beautiful, the leaves on the trees being out. Our company is. I believe, all well except one of our hot btiug slightly tioubled with a break-ng out on hie facw abd bawds, eansed by a poison vine. To day it rains. I came near cloeing my letter without saying an thing aJbout our ga'lant Col. Andrews. De ia troty a noble maa, and is thought more of every day by his regiment. The officers of our company are also very much liked by the soldier. Yonts, "Boozcir Dct." iifitt Fri ths tJt. Loais liapublican. ; SPEECH OF JUDGE DOUGLAS. Delivered befor the Illinois Legislature, on Thursday Evening. April 25 1861. The joint session of the Legislature hav'n? assembled in the Ball of the House of Representatives. Senator Douglas, accompanied by veral friends, entered at a quarter t eight. Mr. Speaker Co I Iocs then introduced him to the Lt-gislature. His appearance ws greeted with universal applause. . The following is the material portion of the speech : ' , I appeal to you my countrymen men of all parties"- not to allow your passions' to get the 'etter of your judgments. Do not allow your vengeance upon the authors of this great iiiquitv to lad you into rash, and creel, and desperate acts upou those who may differ with you in opin-'ou. Let the spuit of moderation and of justice prevail. i.Yoa cannot expect within so few weeks after an excited political canvas that every man oan rise to the level ot forgetting his partisan prejudices and sacrifice every, thing npon the altar of his country, bat allow, me to say to yon whom I have opposed and warred against with an energy you will reepeot, allow me to say to you, you will not be trne to yoor ooautry if you ever attempt to maun factore partisan capital oat of the miseries of your c untrv. Much ap-p'ause. When calling np-tn Democrats to rallv to the tented field, leaving wife, child, father and and mother behitd them, to rush to the rescue 0f tne Preet lent that yo elected, do not make wtr upon them and try to mannfactare partisan capital out of a struggle in which they ere en. gged from the bolw-st and puree of motives.- rRHewed app'aaea. Then I appeal V yon my own Democratic frietids those men that have never failed to rally under the glorious banner of the country, whenever aa enemy at home or abroad has dared to assail it to yon, whom I believe to bo the pnrest patriots that ever lived do not allow the mortification, growing oat of defeat In a partisan struggle, and the elevation of a party to power that we irmly belitra to be dangerous to the country do not let that convert yo from patriots into traitors to your native land. " (Long coot ti tied applause. Whenever onr Government ie eeeuiled when boattle armiee are marching nnder now and odious banner agaiast the Gev-ernmeot of oor country, the shortest way to peace ts the most stupendous and unanimous preparation for war. (Tremendous applause.) Tbe greater U nnaaimtty tbe leas blood will be shed. Muchapplanae. Tho snore prompt and ener. getic tbe aaovamant, and tee more important it U is Mmbera, tba aborter wiU Uthtatrnggle. - Every ftieod or freedom; every cbampio. and advocate of Conitlutioaai; liberty tiroesb- osl itt Uzi Kzzi Xeal tis &is ecai U ta 0s, :' ' ,.rt -l- - ' -; . ,. - TTbat Is tli atusrpt mow beisg toad T - Seres States of this TJtwa cloocoHo declare tbat'toey will bo loar obey tit bebait of tba United (bloq MOUNT YERNONi OHIQ iiXJE States that they trill withdraw from the Govern-meet established by oar fathers that the will dissolve, without oor consent, the bonds that have united us together. But not content witb that, they proceed to invade and obstruct oar dearest and aeoit inalienable rights, secured by the Constitution. One of their Erst acts is to es tablish a battery of cannon upon the banks of the Mississippi, on the dividing lino between the State of Mississippi and Tennessee, and require every steamer that passes down the river to come to nnder a gun to receive a custom boase officer oa board to prescribe where tba boat may land. and npon what terms it may pat out a barrel of flour or a cask of bacon npon the river and upon the orders of those States, to col off oar freedom of trade, v We are called npon to aanctioo this policy. Before consenting to their right to commit each acu, I implore you to consider that the same principle which will allow the Cotton States to exclude us from the ports of tbe Gulf, would authorise the New England Slates and New York and Pennsylvania to exclude us from tbe Atlantic and tbe Pacific States to exclude ns from the ports of that ocean. Whenever you sanction this doctrine of secession, you authorize the States bordering npon the Atlantio and Pacific Oceans to withdraw from as, former alliances among themselves, and exclude ns from the markets of the world and from communication with all the rest of Christendom. Not only this bat there follows a tariff on imports, levying of taxee npon every pound of tea and coffee and sugar, and every yard of cloth that we may im port for consumption ; tbe levying, too, of aa export duty upon every bashel of corn and every pound of meat we may choose to send to the markets of the wjrld to pay for our im ports. "-.' '- Bear in mind that these ry Cotton States, who in fursaer times have been eo boisterous in their demands of free trade, have among their first a its established an export duty on cotton for the first time in American history. It is a historical fact, well known to every man who has read the debates of the Convention which framed the Constitution, that the Southern Slates refueI to become parties to the Constitution unless there was an express provision in the C institution prohibiting Congress tt levy an export duty on any product of tbe earth. No aooner have these Cottou S ates seceded than an export duty is levied ; and if they will levy it on their cotton, do yon not think they will levy- it on onr pork, and onr beef, and onr corn, and onr wheat and onr manulectiued articles, and all w have to sell T Then what is tbe proposition T It is to enable the tier of States bordering on the Atlaatie and Pacific, and on the Gulf surrounding as oa all sides, to witi draw from our. Union form alii snces among themselves and then levy taxes on ns without our consent, and collect revenue with J out giving ns any just proportion or part at all ol the amoant collected. Can we submit to taxa? tion without representation? Several- voices "No." Can we permit nations foreign to us to collect revenue off of our products the fruits of ouriiidustry ? I ask the citizen of Illinois ; I ak every citizen in the great basin between the Rjckv Mooatains and the Alleghenies; in the valleys of the Ohio, Mississippi, and Missouri, to tell me whether be is ever williug to sanction a line of policy that may isolate us from the markets of the world and make as dependent provinces upon powers that thus choose to isolators ? Many voices, No," and Never" I warn yoa, my oouotrymen. whenever yon permit this to be done in the Sjthern States, New York will very soon follow their examples New York that gTat port where two-thirds of all our revenue i colleo'ed, and where two-thirds of all our goods are exported, will not long be able to resist the temptation of taxing fifteen millions of people in the West, when she can monoplize the resources and release her own people thereby from acy taxation whatsoever ; hence I say to yon. my countrymen, from the best consideration I have been able to give this subject, after tbe most mature reflection and thorough investigation I have arrived at the conclusion that, come what may war, if it mast be, although I deplore it as a great ealamity, yet, come what may the people of the Mississippi Valley can never consent to be excluded Torn free access to tbe porta of the Atlantic, the Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico. Great applause. " Hence I repeat that I am not prepared to take up arms, or to sanction policy of onr Govern-went to take np arms to make any war npon tbe. rirhia of the Soothern Slates ; npon their do-r mestie Institntions ; upon their rights of person or property, but on the contrary, would rush to heir defence and protect them from assault; but, while that is the case, I will never cease to arge my eounttymen to take up arms to fiebt to the -tenth in the defence of our Indefeasible rights. Long and con tinned applause. ' Uence, if tbe war does come, it ie a war of eelf defence on oar part. It ie a war ia defence of our own just r.ghts ; ia defanee of the Government wbicb w have inherited as a precious legacy from oar pa triotie fathers; in defence of those great rights of the freedom of trade, commerce, transit and intercourse from the eearre to the circamferance of our great continent. :- These axo rigbti we must struggle for and never surrender. ' - ' .' "- I have struggled almost agaiast tope to avert the calamities of war and to effect a reunion and reconciliation with bur brethren of the Sonth I yet hope it easy be" done, but I am not able to point oat to joa bow it may be. ; Nothing short of Providence can reveal to us tba issue of Ibis great sUogfle, Bloody catamitous, I fear it will be. May we 'so eondact it, if a' collision mast come, that w will . stand j osu'lied IA 19 ejef of Qiot who knows oar hearts and who will jadga our eery ucC'i Vio mast ot tell- to ressBtrnents tor to the spirit . cf ecjeaco mucb Jeas to tbe ' desire far conqarst of ;acibi-tiou. t H f,".'."-.'.--.: j::J I sea bo ambition cbea ia svtbodj tc;;l lor trieopb oyer my owa coantrymen. There is no pstb for aaLIiKa'opea for me in a divided country. Hence, whaterer wa msy do tsttst be tba resaU of duty, of convictioo, pf patriotic doty-4 the duty that wa owe to ourselves, to our poster ity, and to tba friends of eoastitutioaal liberty and- self government tbroo jboul tba irotld. Loud applause. '"'-- ; ': :'.".:. . .- Uj friends, I eaaT say eo taore. To discuss theea topics is the most painful duty of say life. It is with a sad heart witb grief that I bare e ver before experienced that 1 have to contemplate this fearful straggler bat J believe in my eoscience that it is a duty we owe to ourselves, and our children, and our God, to protect this Government and that flag .from every assailant, be ha who be may. Tremendous and prolonged spplauee Graphic Description of the Ilarcb and Travel from Annapolis to "Washington. The following accoant of tbe march of 4he 7ist New York Regiment from Annapolis to tbe Junction, acd their jonrney on to Washington. is quite interesting, and - will prpve particularly readable to our volunteers who are panting for action. It ia furnished by a Correspondent of tbe New York World, who accompanied the reg-iment : ' " The Seventy-fiwt was ordered to march on Washington by the Baltimore and A.nnapolis junction, at 3 o'clock on the afternoon of the 24tb instM The Seventh had preceded us. and the Eighth Massachusetts had relaid the railroad track, and communication was open between the Junction and Washington by rail. The distance to the Junction is twenty-four miles by the road and tbe Junction is nineteen miles from Wash ington. A. severe thunder storm at 2 o'clock deluged tbe roads, and readered them for that day impassable. At 3 o'clock the next moro:ig the drums beat, and we harried to join the ranks to marcn. a uttie alter aayugnt we were on our way, Ibe band playing tbe Star Spangled Bao ner. Bail Columbia and Dixie Land. Evert man had his rations and knapsack, which, with his motket, ammunition nd revolver.-weighed about forty pounds. Tbe soldiers were also compel leu to r their, overcoats. The road wan not over fifteen feet wide, and very - heavy. Everv mile ortwo dense woods of spruce and hemlock, filled with underbrush, interred between the farms. Whenever we reached snch a plaea. the bngle aooaded the advance, skiraiih era daabed through the thirkets. and tbe column followed on the road. At 11 o'clock we baited at MilleOtfevill. for. breakfast; Cold beef and two pieces of hard bread constituted the repast While here, the Rhode Island regiment overtook ua and passed oa ia advance. Tba soldier cheered each other, and every est was in high spirits.. Our march. nnforte-- 'elv, was delaved, ?3Jj .tb,eJarrbn4-C -rb sWiit horse in the beggare train of the Rhode Island regiment. .' What the rebels of the Stat could not do was done by a brute, whicb neither blows nor pursoaaion could move. Every few hundred vards the beast wiuld stop blocking no 'be nar row road and bringing ns to a halt. Fin all v be was unhitched, and what became of him- afterwards.! know not. At we halted again, and after a march of aboat nineteen mites. Colonel Vosburgb and Mr. Wilks, editor of tbe "Spirit, " acting as bis special aid, went on to Jameston. ia advance, to telegraph oar arrival to Washington, and request that a train be sent down for ns. . . At the Junction they found tbe wires ent The Rhode Island Regiment had encamped two and a half milef betond ns. Just as sight eet fa Lieut. Col. Marten ordered ns to marc h. In an instant the men were in ranks, and the column on its way. The advance dashed oat in lines of skirmishes, beating the wood on either side for the enemy. In a few moments the trumpet from the rear guard sounded for the main body to halt, aod our trumpeter sounded the recall, which was answered by the bugle of the, skirmishes. " Tbe darkness of tbe night, the stillness around ns only broken by the notee ' f tbe trumpet, and the knowledge that we were ia as onemv's country, and the probability of aa attack at any moment, made tha scene impressive. Tbe recruits did not understand the meaning of these signals, and snnpoeed an enemy was following in the rear. Thev at once demanded to he led back, that the might be the first to meet tbe enemy. At another time an alarm was given that an enemy was approaching, and instantly the col- u m n faced about. . . No fear was visible tbe soldiers longed for a contest, and one of the recruits, who represents West Washington Market, re marked: 44 Confound this musket, I can't see to shoot anv one. Only give me my brass knuckles, acd I'll lick them back." Gar baggage horsee gave out, and we left them in the Rhode Island camp, with company to overtake us the next day. The Rhode Islanders had their fires barninr a . 1 . .1 if sa. . ongniiy, ana ma renecuoa oi toem fett on the stacks of riflee, and groups of soldiers, some moving round and others sleeping oa the ground with their blankets about them, made a sceoe too pioturesque to be described. We passed on. and at 3 o'clock A. M.. saw the camp fires of of a Massacbaeetts ' regiment that guarded tbe Junction of the Annapolis aod Baltimore railroads. We thus made a." march of twenty four miles, with heavy knapsacks, and with ihe exception of ba reel at breakfast and dinner, were twenty-three hours on onr feet, yet wa did no have one straggler ner did any one give out. 1 had calculated that aboat five per cent, would fall behind froas fatigue. In abort time ihe men wre asleep, whenever they could find boar 1 to Uy on. and tbe heavens for their canopv: We halted until three o'clock ia tbe afternoon, waiting for a train. At last H came, and, after we were embarked, news that tba enemy was three miles off oa the Baltimore road, marching witb cannon, was annonaeed. : Tba men inatanr ly got out, and were prepared for an attack the guns inspected and the men ia readiness. They all wished to be tbe first regiment to inaugurate the war. . At tea o'clock at uigbt, they were ordered oa the care, and - slspt sitting, witb their guns between their knees, patrols bad been seat oat for a distance of ten miles in advance, to guard tbe road. -1 thought we would have difficulty every moment. Signal fires wer ob served oa the bills beyond us, and rockets were sent op in variour directions by the enemy. At three P. M.ws started pa the ears for ITashingtoa, aad arrived at acoat seveo A. II'" without a easualty. ' - v. , .- . , is'' '- -.' - jm j-aaAfc-- , ' " . - -jf W'; , pettnxctlca cf th ZTorfsIi V&yj Tard : We liae now positive inte'lifenca wivb rejfard to tba destruction cf the Norfslk tlavy Yard. ftM t on fire Sunday mornieVAP"1 by the GorernmeDtfarcef"statioaed there, to pre. vent it falling into the lands of tie secessionists. All the most ralna!a ropert tiers was deEtoy-tl,inclauir tbeline-cf is-Ule sLiprenrsylvenie, tie screw fri -at ITerricic, sloe p-cf war Germaa-town, bris Pljmoctb and DolpLIa, frigates Col. n tabia, Potomao acd Delaware, tie Une-of baUle ship Nsw York, ea tie stocks, and otber vessels of less Taloa, together wi tho anas, maaitloss passing dEbcnts. : MAY 14, 1861. and stores, sbibsc preconcerted signal UJ. u?"BOOem-v 0 ..i .!n.oii.nn.trTn, the whole i w wh aaw shwiswsiwvwviji m' destructioa that Com. Rogers, WM,lU CapU Wright of tbe Engineers, weraV V reach the- point of rendezvous for embark2uf and were necessarily left behind. Tt is estimated. that the whole amount of property destroyed at this one port atone by order of the Government at Washington, is not far. from forty millions nf dollars.' It strikes as that this was aa': aoneces sary waste of the people' treasure. The Confederacy and Foreign Po vers. . WAsnixoTcst, May 5. The State Department furnished tbe President with tbe official correspondence between Minis ters Faulkner and Tboavenal of American af fairs Faulkner informed him that the President entertained foil confidence ia the speedy restora tion of harmony and unity in the Government ; that events might produce temporary inconve nience, to French subjects, but all injury should be indemnified , that the President thought it not improbable that there would-be an appeal made to foreign Governments by the Confadetate States for a recognition of their Independence, and aben such an appeal is made it Shall be opposed by tbe Minister who may represent the United States. -:"' " ; - Falkner said the only request he had to make was that no proposition re. oguizing a dismem Oerment of the Union shall be considered by France till tbe arrival of the Minister. who will be fully instructed. Tbouvenal replied, "No -application has yet been made. The French Government has never acted hastily on such questions," He assured Faulkner that no precipitate action would be taken on the subject by the Emperor. He said the estabKsed. usage was to recognize de facto Goverumeuts when a proper case was made out. In reply to a question, Faulkner said that f ree would not be .used, end that the only solutioa was a modification of the Constitution or peaceable acquiescence in the claim of separate sever eignty. Tbouvenal thooght the employment of force unwise. In tbe Secretary of State's instructions toMia-i-ter.Dajton. be is to consider the instruction of former ministers by the President as unchangeable, not withstanding any opinion expreaaed or tecrrded by bis -predecessor. - To asure Thou renal that no d.ffereoce of opinion exUis between the President and his Csbinet ; the pcth is plainly marked nut by stern necessity, and not at tbe hands of this Administration is this governmeai1 to end. France gives asscrance that she will not lake any hasty 'seps. This is considered sat ixfai lory ahbougb attended hy reservation. Mr. Seward eafs, in reply to Falkner's answer that force would not be used, Jbc.f that the time when these questions had any pertinency has passed."lnsurgente, witb deadly warfare, seek to compel the Government to recognize the dismemberment of the Union. We have accepted this civil war as an inevitable necessity. Constitutional remedies are still open to the insnrgents. and will remain so. - You cannot be too decided in making known t the French Government that no idea does 4r will exist of suffering a diMolution of the Uokvi to take place in . anv wayv peaceably or foreihlj. It has never entered tbe mind of any candid statesman here, and ii ii high time it be dismissed by European statesmen. (Signed) ' '. SEWARD. The Peril of Kentucky. We flud ia the Louis villa Journal an able and unanswerable letter. Written by the Hon. J. T Boyle, of that State, to Gov. Magoffin, counselling the Executive against Secession. The letter ears: ' If this Sute sides with the' rebelli ous States, she makes their quarrel her quarrel she be- oomtsat once a party to the war. The scene of conflict and war will be transferred from Sooth Carolina to Ken tacky.' This is inevitable. We have three large States on the Northern border. Illinois, Indiana and Osto, either one of which is more populous and wealthy than Kentucky, aud all these will be arrayed araiost our State iu bostility. Kentucky could not resist the power of them, and tbe whole armed power of the S uth most be conoenlrated in Kentucky. ' Devasta tion, ruin, poverty, starvation and death mast ineviubly come upon tbe State and all its People. " "-.;'... ;; i,v If the war is pressed from the border to the interior, as it will be, besides civil war, servile insurrection must follow, aad then wo to the women and children. Wo to all tbe land. The rich may fly from danger and transport their families to retreats of safety, bnt the poor aod even those of competency in times of peace. must be left to r uin and misery, if not to aanihi- latioa aad death. . - Fears of a JBIaro Insorrection- A gentlemaa who has beea sojourning in Georgia and Sauth Carolina, and just returned to JJew York, informs tbe Courier and Enquirer'as follows i , . . . ' ':.' ' ' ' . Waatevev may be the reports that reach oe from ibe Sou lb is regard fb great inanifestatioua u( lovw of ibair o asters made by fbe slaves, and no mattes what tbe represeutious f the press, our informant states that beyond all qeostiow tbe Soutbeiwrs tear, above all things, a naiagnf tbe alavw popubttMMi, aad regard it as a probability. K very precaution is beroamade to anlieipaie it, tbe supply ol arms left with the residents for that purpose being as great as that whicb ia carried off by those who enlist. There is eo doubt that. as tba war advances, tea least ad van tare raiaea by tbe Northerners, will be the signal for the np- J rising of tha blacks. They feel M aad apprwci-1 ate it at the South,' and the idea but makes them mere desperate- - v - - -: ,f " , . rrca Itlssonri, . . . ; " -. -- : -,. SraixGnsLP, Mo. May 4 ' Hon. Mr. Pbelps addressed the largest meeting held since the' secession excitement.: He said secession was unconstitutional, and believes in revol lion only when the evils are' ao great that civil war is preferahla- Missouri btd ho take patt in a war between the North and South, eo.n-meaeed wnLoat eoasuhation -with ner. Ueaj.-proved of Jackson's refuaal to eend troops to aid tbe Federal Government, and expressed tbe hope that the Dotier States will act as mediators; and star tba band of civil war. He believed that tbe multary taw of C3 aad 37 should be enacted, as that entailed no expense ea a State, aad regretted Virginia bad passed am ordnance ef seessiio'n, aad expected tba people to stand ?Crm agaiast seeeesiowi wbUe he weald bow ia ssbmissioa to tba finally exrexsed will of tha Jf &cp'.e, ha would vote against secession. After Mr. Phelps eoocladsd, -Mr. Bedibrd, of a coke a few minutes, when Judge Orr replied to him briafly, aad demoUsbed bia completely. . Secession has declined ia tba country. .,M""1 SPOBT Iff ST. X0TJI3.' ' Disgraceful Barbae '' - . Jid Two dc'? 2 7 . V Tiier Kdled. - Frea the Damoera - Whlla tba maaaea of one nortnTatio terday gathered for diviae worship or "rt'-i reposing at borne, a fight between two dogs ana a BraxiHian tiger drew tome eight or nine ban. dred men and boys to the Arsenal Park. The exhibition bad been largely advertised in the city prints and by immense posters on tbe streets, and the only wonder is that a much greater crowd was not attracted by the promised spectacle. As it was, however, the Fifth street cars were near ly moaopo'ixed between one and two, P. M. by by the hundreds of '' roughs' men, women aud boys and gentlemen who would object to being classed as ' roughs" ail bound to the scene of excitement. The tijfer was a veritable tier, imported two years since from Brazil, South America of a small, leopard-like species, and said to be three years old. The animal baa betjn tor several months on exhibition at a small menagerie on the southeast corner of Sixth and Q'Failen s's. The creature stood about twenty inches high, and was some three aud a half feet long aod wrighed about oiuetj-five pounds. : The proprietor states that" he purchased it for $200. The dogs jwerS a bull terrier, weighing about fifty pounds, and a huge black slut, of mixed greyhound breed, imported from Germany, aud Weighing some eighty five pounds. Their owner is Mr. St umpfF, barber, billiard and beer saloon proprietor, on Coroodelet aven ue, near Park Avenue. This momentous match was made some two weeks ago. and the conflict was to have tsken place last Sanday, but was deferred in consequence of the impertinent thunder aod lightning aad rata on that day. No wager was made, the parties tbe bipedal, of oourse expecting to be repaid by the fee of twenty-five cents required for the ad mission of eacb visiter. Tba tiger was domiciled in a care eighteen feet long, seven wide and ten high. This was placed upon aa eligible spot, and around it in front was built a wooden fence to keep off the erowd At three o'clock the doge wera led from their kennel to the door of the cage, and allowed to look for a moment at the enemy. Tbe latter J erouchel at the extreme end of its cage, eyeiog them mteitly. The door was raised, and they flew savagely in, white at the came instant the tiger sprang bounding to the ceiling aod coming down upon the invaders. Tbeir blood aud fur flew terrifically, but they at once; extrieated themselves, and both darted furiously towatds tbe foe-. Sir tiger received tbe-n with murderous strokes of bis fore paws, nearly fcalpiug them, and terinz off ribbons of fl-sh and hide at each blow. He finally seiztti , the siuy terrier's jtws in b:s mouth, aod was crushing them shockingly, when the slat planted her incisors deep iu his throat. Very reluctantly he was thus forced to release the terrier, but the slut desperately refused to relinquish ber hold His utmost efforts to shake or tear her off were unavailing, the terrier in the meanwhile having pounced upon his back and being en gaga d with the utmost enthusiasm in gnawing through bis neck from the top. Il became plain that the poor tiger was worsted aod would probably be killed, but his owner dared not 1 attempt to draw off the dogs. It was proposed to shoot them, bat this would only have trans-1 fWrred the war frem the cage to the crowd. ; StumpfH however, now removed the dogs. Their j victim theu rose, staggered a few steps, fell and expired. , ' .; Ia the excitement of the occasion, the crowd ' broke through tbe wooden barrier and rushed close to the iron bars of tbe cage. There was an indescribable atnouut of confusion and shav-iog. ai.d one or two fights among the spectators but none of the latter were seriously injured. The contest between the brutes lasted about half an hour. " . The proprietor of the slaia tiger expresses considerable remorse for his Sabbath day's work, and avers that he will never participate in a similar affair again on the Sabba'.b. Out he cherishes schemes of conquest over that dreadful slut. Her owner is ready to match her and another dog against a lion, and Mr. , who begs ns not to mention his name, thinks he can fiud a lion, to avenge tba ill-starred tiger. 1?hat it IXartial Law 1 At the present crisis the significance of a term so much used, and with so little accurals sense of its meaning, becomes unusually important. Bouviar defines martial Law as a code estab. likbed fot the government of tbe army and navy of the United States." whose principal rules are to be found in tbe articles of war prescribed by act of Congress. Hut Chaacellor Kent says this definition appHes only to a, military lawr while martial law is quite a diffcrrnt thing, and is foe ded on permanent -necessity, aod proclaimed by a military chief. Martial law is generally vaguely boIJ vo-bw a euspenaioo of all ordinary civil rights and process, and as such approxitaatee cloeelj to a military despotism. 1 1 i aa arbitra ry law originating in emergeneieaf In times of exireaa peril the State either from within or wUbout, the public welfare demands extraordiu-ary measares. And martial law. btung proclaimed, signifies that the operation, cf. the erdioary legal delays ef justice are sospeudad by the military powrr, wLicb" has for the time become sa preme. - K suspends the operation of the writ cf laJea corpus, cauUes persons cbarged wU treasoa U te summarlTr tried bya court martial instead cf sv grssd jury i'j ustiS searches and aeisares of privato property, and the talin poa- r mK!; bi-hwavs aa4 other means of) coumoaicaxion. Iavolviag tba bigbest extniso jjntcrfstmg 0arifig. NUMBEK of the right of sovereignty, it is, of course, cap ble of great abase, aad it is oaly to be jasUIsl oa emergencies of the most imperativo aad $af ilooi nat ere. : " - - y -: ' ' . " - Xoc&litiea and pistaxeea. The intense interest witb which ike movement of our troops is iolle wed, aod tba. present pbaas of the revolution, render tba following topcrsj b-teal notes of value in gettiog a clear ilea cf tha . current news: . - : fla w oe Grace At tbe mouth of the Casque hanna river, near the head ef Chess peals Day, is 62 miles from Philadelphia. At this point continuous railroad communication) is iulerrorted by a ferry. . . . . . . . -apolitOa tba west side of Chessexla Bay, abv 50 miles from Havre de Grace, 23 miles by rail ti Washington. , Annapolis junettoJi9 Jaoctioa of tbe Aa napolis branch road with U Washington branch. 19 miles from Annapolis, 20 sus from Wash-iiigton City. Fort Monroe At the junction of James river (northern side) with tba Chesapeake Bay, about 48 hours steaming from Boston, and 24 from New York. . - . ' . - ' Norfolk About 12 miles south of Fort Moa roe. 4 Cockeysvillt. 15 miles from Baltimore, oa the railroad to Harrisborg, (being probably the nearest point accessible on the rail to Baltimore from that direction.) J?(iwors.?8 miles from Philad.lplla, 23 from Wasbiogton, 85 miles from Harrisbsrg, 81 from Par per' Ferry, aud IT froo Auaspolis Junction. Fort McITenry is situated at tba extremity of a point cf laud cxtendiog from the city in tba south-west, ai.d is about two miles and s half bf the scale oh tbe coast survey map from tbe cea . tre of Baltimore. Opposite the fort, across tLa channel, which is here lesathan a mile ia width is the Lazaretto lighthouse. , . Tbe distance from Washington city to Char lea-ton is 537 miles; Washington to Wilmington, S. O, 378; Washington to Weldea, C, 215; Bichmond to Washington,' 120; Wheeling to Baltimore, 379. ; . ' Southern Surprise at tbe ZTortixcra Upi - aing. - : -v The Mobile liegister (which resisted seccrsles at first but afterwards went into it with a will, and its editor, Mr. Forsyth, was one of the last. Southern Commissioners at Washington,) baring beard that Mr. Douglas, Mr. Filmore, Mr. Cass and Mr. Buchanan support the Government, "Flere is a representative man of every shade of Northern conservatism.' We confess that this coufidence and simuttaneoueness of action oa the part of men who are ' wider apart by their autteedects than even by their places of rest dence, takes by us surprise. We endeavor ia vain to explain it by the soppo6irtou that these eenilemen consider I iocolu'e proclamation a declaration of war between country and country, in which they are not as loyal citizens permitted to select sides accoidiug to theirowa coeviciions as to the justice of the war. Were ibis tbe ex planatioa, why this hot haatn why tbeendorse-m-nt of the justice or constitutioalitr of the war f We are then forced to ibe conclusion that the whole public mind of ibe Nor tb has been sudden, ly seized with one of ibote manias fey whicb Providence sometimes smiles an ent re people, Horrors of Civil T7ar. To those who are unfamiliar wilh the history of civil wars, acd are now, perhaps, rejoicing-at the prospect of a 'brush,' we would command tbe following. It will give ihem a pretty correct idea of what we may surely expect uitlee reasoa rules the day; As a warning to the American peop'a at thla time, they should read tbe history of the French Revolution, and cu template its horrible racJu. Tbe extent to which blood was shed dcriag .its continuance will hardly be credited by the present age, but it is correctly stated that the a umber of viet'ims reached 1,022,35. Of ibis another 18.C0S wt-rsguillouutd by the order of the Eev olationaryribuual; 32.000 were victims undtg Carrier at Nantes; 32.00 J at Lji'ns; 3,403 womea died of premature child binh: 3t48 in child birth from grief-and there were slaia during Use "war in Lv VVndee 900,000 men, 15.000 womea aad 2 2. IKK) cbil-ru. In this enametatioa are not comprbei.ded ike waaiacre at Versailles; attae Abbey, the Crmes ai d other prisons oa tba 2d of September; the victims shot at Tou1on aad Marseilles, or tbe persons slain in tba liuls leva of Bedoin, of which tbe wboJa popalaliofc fariab-ed. . . . . ;- - - . - "t ;-. Frum tit Ksw Yark Trlbuaa. Caapaigiiisy Axioa. 1. One wall-fed, wall-equipped, wnp. pointed brigade is wortVlwQ that that are ill pr-vided. ; " "" 2. Ia rervice, three men die of undue expeeara, bad food, and their own impxadeaces, BLrw one is killed by shot or stab. - , V ' '. 3. Aaeasy, rational, nicely-fiittag uaifuiia. with warm, aubslautial blanket, broad-uled booia or shoes, and good woolen sock Will more Com-duce to efficiency in service tba a uperiuruy in weapOna. . - r- :--- a.; The tightest possible head 'cove nag, witaj a good look out for ventilation, will add a Vetk to the distauce a rrgiment caa marub ia a dy while insuring increased comfort. -4 . 3. A small cottoa hand kerebwf, or bala yard of tbe commonest sheeting, moialened with water ia the mors) ag and. worn between tba bmt aa4 tbe head, will protect tbe aolJier from aanstrvke, and greatly dimio'ieb tbe discouiiort and til tjua of a but daa march. 6. A flat boile covered with wo4a cloi, U cloth being noitenfrd aud fi-Vd wiib waiei ia the morning. will keep reaeoaably coKI throBou u long, bo day. - - ; ' 1. of all viliaioous concoctions, tte I.qaoa sold by camp followers are the must deieaiablw aud daugerousT " " ' - " " ? - . " "i h-y are more deadly than nsd caeaoa, and are sure to be tko j'ist when tbey should 'ao be. Every soldier wbo means to do Lis d-'J to his country should insist that all venders of iiem pataoas be drummed oat of camp..-.-. - 8. A ffnod Cixk to each coasp&ay, to kc?w how to make tx'l meat jaief and tsncJer. aei t have it ready whenever aid wherever it c ij t a wanted, is equal to two doctors atd f-5f t I'i eomhatants. ... . - . ;. ; 9. 02ors wbolova aad care fr t t wbile in rpose never have to eoaj t-I t-- coed act when ia actio. - ' ' . 10. A soldier whose heart is ia lie et:s Lf C.bts Cw U worth two who fi.ht frr tie; y.j. I 1, t u