Uber “has effectively won the U.S. market” for ride-hailing, although Lyft continues to gain market share, according to a report released Wednesday.

“It’s striking: Uber is dominant in every U.S. city,” said Byrne Hobart, lead analyst at 7Park Data, which analyzed credit card purchasing data from 2.5 million U.S. consumers and mobile-app usage from 50 million devices worldwide.

In the startups’ hometown of San Francisco, Uber has 71 percent of the market to Lyft’s 29 percent, for instance. Lyft’s biggest markets are Denver, where it has 38 percent of rides compared with Uber’s 62 percent, and Portland, Ore., at 36 percent versus Uber’s 64 percent. Nationwide, the gap is bigger: Lyft has 21.3 percent of the market, up from 8.7 percent in 2014, the report said.

“We maintain that Uber’s U.S. lead is simply too great to overcome and that Lyft has lost the U.S. market,” the report said. Hobart compared the two companies’ disparity to the situation Uber faced in China, where a larger, entrenched rival, Didi Chuxing, triumphed over Uber, even though Uber had a faster growth rate. After losing billions in China, in August Uber sold Didi its China business for $7 billion and a 20 percent stake in the combined business.

“It’s extremely expensive to grow a business when you’re competing for riders and drivers,” he said. While the report didn’t track spending, both companies are known for dangling financial incentives to lure drivers and riders.

Being bigger creates a virtuous cycle — drivers know they can get fares quickly, and passengers know they won’t have to wait long for a ride. That’s reflected in user behavior tracked by 7Park. Most passengers check Uber first; if the wait looks too long, they try Lyft, Hobart said. “Uber’s job in every city is to make sure the wait time makes it not worth it to switch to Lyft.”

Crossover between the two is increasing. In 2014, about 10 percent of Uber riders also used Lyft; now it’s 16 percent. “People are trying both but still predominantly using Uber,” Hobart said. “That means Lyft still has room to expand.”

The report focused on the duopoly of Uber and Lyft. Smaller rival Sidecar shut down in late 2015. 7Park didn’t track taxi-hailing apps such as Flywheel and Curb, and upstarts such as Juno, which started service this year in New York.

The report also had insights on how consumers boosted their spending on ride services over time. Uber customers who started using the service in 2014 initially spent $69 a month on rides, which rose to $75 a month in 2015 and $78 a month this year, Hobart said. Lyft customers who started using the service in 2014 averaged $44 a month in spending that year, a figure that grew to $55 a month in 2015 and stayed at that level in 2016.

7Park estimates that 13 million to 15 million American adults will use ride services by the end of this year.

Overseas, the ride market is a different picture as Uber often is the latecomer facing plenty of competitors.

“European uptake of Uber seems to be broadly suppressed with active ridership below 1 percent for all countries except the U.K.,” the report said, pointing to entrenched taxi interests in Spain, Germany, France and other countries as an impediment.

The report showed it moving aggressively in markets like India adding a lower-cost offering, allowing cash payments, and investing $1 billion in the market. In Brazil, it had a 21.4 percent share of the market by mid-year, outpacing local rival EasyTaxi.

Lyft and Uber did not respond to requests for comment. In April, Lyft told Bloomberg that it had 43 percent of the market, while Uber, disputing those figures, claimed a share of 66 percent.

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