Stavanger"/stəˈvæŋər/ (Norwegian pronunciation: "[stɑˈʋɑŋər] (""listen)) is a city and "municipality in "Norway. It is the third largest city[2] and metropolitan area[3] in Norway (through conurbation with neighbouring "Sandnes) and the administrative centre of "Rogaland county. The municipality is the fourth most populous in Norway. Located on the "Stavanger Peninsula in Southwest Norway, Stavanger counts its official founding year as 1125, the year the "Stavanger Cathedral was completed. Stavangers core is to a large degree 18th- and 19th-century wooden houses[4] that are protected and considered part of the city's cultural heritage. This has caused the town centre and inner city to retain a small-town character with an unusually high ratio of detached houses,[5] and has contributed significantly to spreading the city's population growth to outlying parts of "Greater Stavanger.

The city's rapid population growth in the late 20th century was primarily a result of Norway's booming offshore oil industry. Today the oil industry is a key industry in the Stavanger region and the city is widely referred to as the Oil Capital of Norway.[6]["not in citation given] The largest company in the "Nordic region,[7] Norwegian energy company "Statoil is headquartered in Stavanger. Multiple "educational institutions for "higher education are located in Stavanger. The largest of these is the "University of Stavanger.

Domestic and international military installations are located in Stavanger, among these is the "North Atlantic Treaty Organisation's "Joint Warfare Center. Other international establishments, and especially local branches of foreign oil and gas companies, contribute further to a significant foreign population in the city. Immigrants make up 11.3% of Stavanger's population.[8] Stavanger has since the early 2000s consistently had an unemployment rate significantly lower than the Norwegian and European average. In 2011, the unemployment rate was less than 2%.[9] The city is also among those that frequent various lists of expensive cities in the world, and Stavanger has even been ranked as the world's most expensive city by certain indexes.[10][11][12]

Stavanger is served by international airport "Stavanger Airport, Sola, which offers flights to cities in most major European countries, as well as a limited number of intercontinental charter flights. The airport was named most punctual European regional airport by flightstats.com in 2010.[13]

Every two years, Stavanger organizes the Offshore Northern Seas (ONS), which is the second largest exhibition and conference for the energy sector. Gladmat food festival is also held each year and is considered to be one of Scandinavia's leading food festivals. The city is also known for being one of the nation's premier culinary clusters. Stavanger 2008 European Capital of Culture.

The first traces of settlement in the Stavanger region come from the days when the ice retreated after the last ice age c. 10,000 years ago. A number of historians have argued convincingly that North-"Jæren was an economic and military centre as far back as the 9th and 10th centuries with the consolidation of the nation at the "Battle of Hafrsfjord around 872. Stavanger grew into a center of church administration and an important south-west coast "market town around 1100–1300.[14]

Stavanger fulfilled an urban role prior to its status as city (1125), from around the time the Stavanger bishopric was established in the 1120s. Bishop Reinald, who may have come from "Winchester, England, is said to have started construction of "Stavanger Cathedral (Stavanger domkirke) around 1100.[15] It was finished around 1125, and the city of Stavanger counts 1125 as its year of foundation.[16]

With the "Protestant Reformation in 1536, Stavanger's role as a religious center declined, and the establishment of "Kristiansand in the early 17th century led to the relocation of the bishopric. However, rich herring fisheries in the 19th century gave the city new life.

Stavanger was established as a municipality 1 January 1838 (see "formannskapsdistrikt). On 1 January 1867, a small area of "Hetland municipality (population: 200) was transferred to the city of Stavanger. Again on 1 January 1879, another area of Hetland (population: 1,357) was transferred to Stavanger. Then again on 1 January 1906, the city again annexed another area of Hetland (population: 399). On 1 July 1923, part of Hetland (population: 3,063) was moved to the city once again. Finally on 1 July 1953, a final portion of Hetland (population: 831) was moved to Stavanger. In the 1960s, the work of the "Schei Committee pushed for many municipal mergers across Norway. As a result of this, on 1 January 1965, the city of Stavanger (population: 51,470) was merged with the neighboring municipalities of "Madla (population: 6,025) and most of "Hetland (population: 20,861).[17]

The city's history is a continuous alternation between economic booms and recessions. [18] For long periods of time its most important industries have been "shipping, "shipbuilding, the fish "canning industry and associated subcontractors.

In 1969, a new boom started as oil was first discovered in the North Sea. [19] After much discussion, Stavanger was chosen to be the on-shore center for the oil industry on the Norwegian sector of the North Sea, and a period of hectic growth followed.[19]

On 1 January 2020, the municipalities of "Finnøy, "Rennesøy, and Stavanger are scheduled to merge into one, large municipality called Stavanger.[20]

Stavanger is one of "Norway's "oldest cities. It emerged in the 12th century during a period of population growth and increasing urbanization throughout "northern Europe. The "archaeological and historical sources about the first city development are sparse. Therefore, there is much we do not know about the first city development. It stands out as an important area from early times, as a desirable foothold for the "monarchy and the church, as both needed a strong foothold in the "South West coast area. In North "Jæren, rich archaeological material suggests that the chiefs held considerable power from the early "Iron Age. Stavanger had a natural harbor and was, with Jæren in the south, strategically important to the county of the East as well as to the shipping route along the western coast and the fertile "Ryfylke Islands in the north.

The earliest "Christian impulses in "Norway came to Stavanger region through trade connections with Continental Europe and "Great Britain. This flourished during the "Viking era. In the mid 10th century, traditional Norse burial customs ceased in the Stavanger area, at the same time as the first Christian "priests began their work. Big stone crosses are visible memorials of this early Christian age (including the Tjora and Kvitsøy). On the overland approach to Stavanger, a memorial cross of HERS and "lendmann "Erling Skjalgsson was erected after his fall in 1028. Erling controlled power over the South West coast, and the location of the cross indicates that he had a special connection to Stavanger. The inscription on the cross shows a priest was responsible for the inscription, and he may have performed an early service at a church on site.

Archaeological investigations in the current downtown and in the crypt of the "Cathedral show that the great fire of 1272 probably left large parts of the city and the cathedral in ruins, including the Romanesque chancel of the cathedral. The reconstruction after the fire led to the cathedral's Western Front being replaced with a vestibule, as well as to the construction (or reconstruction) of "St. Mary's Church, Bishop's Chapel, the Gothic cathedral and the expansion of the stone cellar at "Kongsberg.

Stavanger has a long history of education in "Western Europe. It was the monastery here that first saw the need to train new employees through education. The first organized teaching in the city probably took place at a Benedictine monastery in the town, either Olav's Monastery or Monastery of people from the mid-12th century.

One of the most important events in Stavanger's city history was the gift letter that King "Magnus Erlingsson gave to Stavanger Bishop Eirik Ivarsson in the second half of 1100. Exactly when the king made this gift letter, and under what circumstances it happened is unknown. It may have been in 1163–1164, in connection with the King Magnus's coronation, but could also have been around 1181–1184, in connection with the support Stavanger Bishop Erik gave King Magnus at the end of the king's fight against the late "King Sverre.

It is undoubtedly correct to characterize Stavanger as a church city throughout the "Middle Ages, up to the "Reformation. The Reformation, however, dealt a hard blow to the Church in specific and Stavanger in general. The cathedral, the bishop and canons of the monastery had been large landowners. Recession of the city began with the loss of people in rural areas, as a result of which the revenues of the cathedral and the bishop fell dramatically due to reduced rental income. In 1537 the bishop's and the monastery's estate and property was confiscated by the king. Kongsberg was plundered by Christoffer Trondsen in 1539, at which time St. Swithun's casket disappeared and Bishop Hoskuld Hoskuldsson may have been executed.

In a prelude to the invasion, on 8 April, the German freighter Roda (6780 grt.) anchored by Ulsnes. Roda was reportedly loaded with "coke, but customs officials and police authorities became suspicious about other cargo when they observed that the ship was not riding deep in the water. The ship was boarded and was ordered to move to Riska. However, Roda did not move, and the captain of the "Æger, "Niels Larsen Bruun, decided on his own initiative to sink the ship. After sending the crew off in lifeboats, Æger used 25 shots with 10-centimetre (3.9 in) Bofors guns to sink Roda.

Early on the morning of 9 April 1940, explosions and bomb blasts from "Sola-edge and news bulletins on radio announced the German attack on "Norway. "Sola Airport was the Germans' first target on North "Jæren. The airport was attacked by six German Messerschmitt Bf 110 fighters around 8 am. The airport had been built in 1937, and in April 1940 fortifications round the airport were not yet complete. Fortifications consisted of a concrete "bunker still under construction and several open shooting positions. Armament consisted of three heavy anti-aircraft machine guns, three heavy machine guns configured for ground targets, and some light machine guns at the disposal of the approximately 80 soldiers who defended the airport. The bomber wing was transferred to Sola Airport in 1939, but the planes, a total of six Fokker and three Caproni aircraft, were old and outdated. Shortly after the attack began, however, they took off.

The German air attack increased in intensity. The "bombardment lasted for about an hour before ten slow Ju 52 transport aircraft arrived over the airport. They had taken off from the airport at "Hamburg a few hours earlier. In a parachute assault, the transport planes first dropped yellow containers containing weapons and equipment, then between ten and twelve paratroopers from each plane. This was only the second ever wartime parachute assault; the first had occurred only three hours earlier, when a bridge south of "Denmark was captured in the same way. At the Sola airport, the concrete bunker held out longest, but was eventually put out of action with a hand grenade. While "Norwegian "soldiers were badly injured in the attempted defence, there were no fatalities; in contrast; the Germans lost several. Lieutenant Thor Tang, who led the Norwegian defense of the airport, capitulated at 10:00, and the Germans immediately began landing troops, fuel and other supplies. In all, 200 to 300 transport aircraft arrived in Sola during invasion day, and by evening several hundred soldiers and large quantities of materiel had been moved from Germany to Sola.

By around 12:30 on 9 April, the first German troops advanced into Stavanger without resistance. The police station, telephone office, telegraph center, post office, port office, customs house and the gas company were the most important places, and now came under control of the Germans. The city was conquered without conflict, but the first sparks of resistance had been ignited, and several men left the city and made their way to the Norwegian troops inside "Gjesdal, there to join the armed struggle against the enemy.

The Germans had placed a high priority to have a good railway connection between the air base at "Sola – Stavanger district, and the rest of the "country. However, it was not until 29 April 1944, that the "Southern Railway was completed to Stavanger. In 1940, the "Germans had envisioned it to be completed no later than 1 November 1941.

After "Hitler's death in 1945, Grand Admiral "Karl Dönitz took over leadership of the German forces, and on 9 May 1945, gave the head of the German armed forces in Norway, General "Franz Böhme, orders that "Reichskommissar" in Norway, Josef Terboven, was deposed and that all his duties were transferred to Böhme. To Böhme, in turn, he gave the task of how the capitulation of Festung Norwegen was to be implemented. There were around 15,000 German soldiers in "Rogaland in 1945, and it was there where the commander of 274 Infantry Division, General Weckman, gave the formal German surrender.

Before repatriation, the Germans were required to remain and clean up after five years of occupation. There were 180 German minefields in "Rogaland, with a total of 480,000 mines, all of which the German Wehrmacht were required to clear. 62 Germans were killed and 94 were injured during mine clearance in Rogaland. Mines from this period continue to be uncovered.[21]

In 1969, a new boom started as "oil was first discovered in the "North Sea. [19] After much discussion, Stavanger was chosen to be the on-shore center for the oil industry on the "Norwegian sector of the North Sea, and a period of hectic growth followed.[19]

In March 1965 an agreement was signed between "Norway and the "United Kingdom on the sharing of the continental shelf by the median line principle. That same year a similar agreement was signed between Norway and "Denmark. It was designed as a legal regime for oil exploration. The first licensing round on the Norwegian shelf was announced on 13 April 1965, and in August of that same year the government granted 22 licenses for 78 blocks for oil companies or groups of companies. The production license gave oil companies exclusive rights to exploration, drilling and production in a defined geographical area for a given period at an annual fee. "Esso was the first oil company to start drilling for oil off the coast of Norway. The semi-submersible drilling vessel "Ocean Traveler was towed from "New Orleans to Norway, and the vessel began drilling on 19 July 1966, at block 8/3, about 180 kilometres (110 mi) southwest of Stavanger.

"Hallvard Trætteberg (1898–1987), a leading specialist in heraldry, was commissioned to design the official "coat of arms of Stavanger, a work that lasted from the end of the 1920s until approved on 11 August 1939. His design is also used as the city's arms, flag, and seal. The coat of arms is based upon a seal which dated 1591. It shows a branch of "vine ("Vitis vinifera). Which leaves and branch type that is depicted on the coat of arms has been hotly debated. The original meaning and representation of the vine remains unknown.[22][23]

The "Old Norse form of the name was Stafangr. The origin of the name has been discussed for decades, and the most used interpretation is that it originally was the name of the inlet now called Vågen, which was the original site of the city, on the east shore of the bay.[24]

The first element of the name is stafr meaning 'staff' or 'branch'. This could refer to the form of the inlet, but also to the form of the mountain Valberget (Staven meaning 'the staff,' is a common name of high and steep mountains in Norway). The last element is angr meaning 'inlet, bay'. Facing the "North Sea, Stavanger has always been economically dependent on its access to the sea.[24]

The municipality of Stavanger is located in a coastal landscape, bordering the sea to the west and "Boknafjorden in the northeast. The "Byfjorden and "Gandsfjorden run along the east side of the city. It is part of the Low-"Jæren, a flat area of land consisting mostly of marsh, sand, and stone aur, that ranges from Ogna River in the south to Tungenes in the north; it is the northernmost part that includes Stavanger. The majority of the municipality lies between 0 and 50 metres (0 and 164 ft) in elevation. The landscape has a distinctive appearance with rocks and hills where there is no settlement or agriculture. The city of Stavanger is closely linked to the sea and water, with five lakes (including "Breiavatnet, "Stora Stokkavatnet, and "Mosvatnet) and three fjords ("Hafrsfjorden, "Byfjorden, and "Gandsfjorden); sea and water form the landscape, providing a shoreline rich with vegetation and wildlife.

The terrain is low-lying: 49% of the area is less than 20 metres (66 ft) above sea level, While 7% of the land is at 60 metres (200 ft). Stavanger's highest point is the 139-metre (456 ft) tall Jåttånuten with the 136-metre (446 ft) Ullandhaug as the second highest point.

The city has developed on both sides of a hollow that runs right through the terrain, with steep slopes up from the bottom. An extension of Boknafjorden and Byfjorden intersects the harbor into the hollow from the northwest, while Hillevåg lake intrudes from Gandsfjorden in the southeast. "Breiavatnet is located between the two fjord arms.

There are several parks and green spots in Stavanger municipality, both in the city and beyond. Central to the town is the city lake which is in turn surrounded by the city park, built as the city's first urban park in 1866–1868. Between the city park and the bay is located "Kielland garden, which got its name because the poet "Alexander Kielland's house at the time was here. Kielland Park went through a major renovation in 2007 as part of the Millennium in Stavanger municipality. At the opposite end of the city lake there is a small park outside the station; here there is "Emigration, a gift from the Norwegian emigrants in the "United States, commemorating the men and women of "Norwegian ancestry who built America.

Bjergstedparken, a park north of "Old Stavanger, is the location of Bjergsted Music Center, including "Stavanger Concert Hall, and its outdoor areas are often used for festivals and outdoor concerts. The Missing park, built in honor of Lars Missing, is located up the hill on the west side of the harbor, and forms the entrance from the south towards the Old Town. Canon park forms the border between Stavanger and the exit from the "E39. Northward go Løkkeveien against Bjergsted westward go Madlaveien the theater and Bergelandstunnelen, east towards E39. The park is located next to old Stavanger Hospital, which also has a large park area around the main building. Through the park runs Kannik creek, which comes to the surface at the statue of the Little Mermaid and runs into Breiavannet. Kannikkbekken runs mostly underground, in pipes, before it reaches Kannik park.

Outside the city center, the park southerly in relation to the large inland lakes such as "Mosvatnet, "Stora Stokkavatnet and Water Assen. Mosvatnet is 0.46 square kilometres (110 acres) making it the third largest in Stavanger after Hålandsvatnet and Store Stokkavatn. The lake supplied the city's drinking water from 1863 to 1931, and is now by far the most used recreation area in Stavanger. The path around the lake is 3.2 kilometres (2.0 mi) long, and much used by cyclist and joggers; sampling conducted in 1995 showed that an estimated 560,000 people used the walking trail around Mosvatnet. At the south end is Mosvangen Camping, Stavanger Svømmestadion old man and Vålandskogen, and to the west is Rogaland Kunstmuseum. Stora Stokkavatnet is 2.19 square kilometres (0.85 sq mi) –-the largest in Stavanger. Right at Stora Stokkavatnet is the 0.15-square-kilometre (0.058 sq mi) Litla Stokkavatnet. The hiking trail around the lakes is 8.2 kilometres (5.1 mi) long. In the lake is a small island, Storeholmen. Store Stokkavatnet supplied Stavanger's drinking water from 1931 to 1959, and was later demoted to the reserve drinking water. In 2009 it was relegated once more, and it is now legal to swim in the water.

The city is located on a peninsula on the southwest coast of Norway. The climate seems to be greatly influenced by the "Gulf Stream which creates warmer temperatures throughout the year compared to other cities at similar latitudes. According to "Köppen climate classification, Stavanger experiences an "oceanic climate (Cfb) with four months above 10 °C (50 °F) mean temperature. The city has also a small continental climate influence which creates subzero lows during winter. The city is relative wet with precipitation average 1,180 millimetres (46 in) and 158.9 days with precipitation above 1.0 mm.

In the early 20th century, Stavanger's industry was mainly related to fisheries and shipping. In the first half of the century it was known for "canning, and in the 1950s there were over 50 canneries in town. The town was even called Norway "canned capital", and included "Christian Bjelland, who founded Chr Bjelland & Co. A/S. The last of these factories were closed down in 2002.

Around 1950, over half of the working population in the city employed in "industry. Structural changes in industry and the strong development of the service industry has radically changed the city's economic base, and the service industry now represents over 11 percent of employment. However, the city still has 29 percent of the county's industrial "employment.

Engineering is now the main industry with 59 percent of manufacturing employment. This is mostly related to the offshore petroleum industry, and production of oil platforms alone account for 40 percent. Other important industries are publishing – especially high printing and the major daily newspapers in town, "Stavanger and Rogaland Avis Aftenblad – and food and beverage, which includes the processing of local agricultural products from Jæren, including Gilde Vest with one of the largest slaughterhouses.

Employment by place of work and industry in 2007 to 0.6% in primary, 27.4% in secondary and tertiary industries 71.7%. Employment by place of work by sector in 2007 to 24.4% in the public sector and 75.6% in the private sector and public enterprises.

Industry has in recent years become highly decentralized. The most important of the newer industrial areas are "Forus in the south, on the border of "Sandnes and "Sola, and Dusavik (mainly petroleum-related activities) in the north, on the border of Randfontein. Significant older industrial areas are "Hillevåg, "Buøy, the eastern districts, and in some places elsewhere along the coast. Shipbuilding and shipping has also traditionally been of great importance to the city's economic growth, and Rosenberg Shipyard, established in 1896, is located on "Hundvåg. Today Stavanger is also among the country's most important "maritime cities, coming in fourth for registered fleets after the cities of "Oslo, "Bergen and "Ålesund.

For the fourth consecutive year, "Stavanger Region was in 2007 ranked best business region. Telemarksforsking Bo worked with Ministry NM to rank the regions in "Norway with regard to profitability, growth and new businesses.

The city's largest daily newspaper, "Stavanger Aftenblad came out with its first issue in 1893. Competitor "Rogalands Avis was first published in 1899 under the name 1ste Mai ('1 May'), and published daily. In 1987 an attempt was made to establish a new daily newspaper, The West Coast, but it was only released for two months and ended with a total loss of NOK 27 million.

The first newspaper published in Stavanger, "Stavangerske Adressecontoirs Efterretninger", was a handwritten weekly newspaper that probably came out in 1769 and 1770. This was not an ordinary newspaper, but a so-called link newspaper with the privilege of bringing out announcements, small articles and ads. The first printed newspaper in Stavanger, "Stavanger Addresseavis", published its first issue on Friday, 4 October 1833.

"Stavanger Avis was published from 1888 until 1911. Writer and local Alexander L. Kielland was editor in 1889. Stavanger Avis was also the name of the newspaper that came out from 1942 to 1945, when Stavanger Aftenblad and Stavangeren were merged by the Press Directorate.

Student newspaper SMiS (Studentmediene i Stavanger) comes out every other month.

Stavanger has one principal television station, TV Vest, that sends local news and reports. Additionally, Viking TV, the channel for the football team "Viking FK, started on 2 March 2008, and is distributed via Lyse's broadband network, reaching 120,000 viewers in 45,000 households. "NRK "Rogaland supplies local news broadcasts on radio and television. Local radio stations also provide local news and reports.

Stavanger region is often referred to as Norway's answer to the French food region of "Lyon. The Culinary Institute, headquartered in "Ullandhaug, provided a very important focus on food in Stavanger. After the Culinary Institute went bankrupt, partly due to activities in "Oslo on 4 June 2008, a new culinary organization was established by the Foundation Rogaland knowledge park and "Rogaland County Council. This new institute, now also known as The Culinary Institute, maintained parts of the work of the original organization, and eventually bought back the name, logo and brand Culinary Institute from the bankruptcy estate.

In summer 2007, mataktørene in the region were awarded the title "Norwegian Centres of Expertise in Culinology." The building under construction at Ullandhaug will serve as a platform and innovative arena, not only for the region's R & D environment, but also for other expertise among both industry and the public. In July 2008 the Stavanger European championship qualified for the Bocuse d' Or. In 2008, Norway was represented by Geir Skeie, who also won gold. Every year there is a "Happy Food Festival" in the city center. The festival originated in the network of "Rogaland county so that they could impart culinary traditions of the region. By 2020, Stavanger region intends to be the region most Norwegians associate with food products and culinary experiences.

In recent times, the city has come to be called the "oil capital," and Norway's national and largest oil company, "Statoil, is headquartered at "Forus, in Stavanger. Statoil was founded as a limited company owned by the "Government of Norway on 14 July 1972 by a unanimous act passed by the Norwegian parliament "Stortinget, to enable Norwegian participation in the oil industry on the continental shelf, to build up Norwegian competency within the petroleum industry, and to establish the foundations of a domestic petroleum industry. Establishing Statoil's headquarters in Stavanger naturally led to Stavanger becoming the center of the oil industry. "Petoro, a Norwegian state-owned company responsible for managing the commercial aspects of the state's direct financial interest in petroleum activities on the Norwegian continental shelf, also has its headquarters in the city. With the center of the national oil industry in Stavanger, several other international oil companies have also made their headquarters in Stavanger.

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The concrete base for the Troll A platform is cast in Vats, 55 km north of Stavanger

NPD was created in 1972 by Ullandhaug and PSA was established on 1 January 2004 and co-located with the agency, as a regulatory body.

"Jåttåvågen, on "Gandsfjorden, was from the 1970s to the 1990s a large industrial area, particularly for the construction of large concrete Condeep platforms and oil platforms for the offshore industry. Among others, the Condeep jacket for the three Gullfaks platforms and Troll A were cast here by Norwegian Contractors.

Offshore Northern Seas is the second largest exhibition of its kind in the oil and gas industry. ONS takes place in Stavanger during the last week of August every other year. In 2008, there were 38,000 visitors, half of whom came from abroad.

Stavanger is a popular tourist destination, especially in summer. The hotels in the city have good occupancy year round due to a lot of commuters who travel to work and meetings in Stavanger. In recent years, Stavanger has also become one of the most popular ports of call for cruise ships, with the number of cruise ships increasing steadily, making Stavanger one of "Europe's fastest growing ports of call for cruise ships north of the "Mediterranean. In 2009, 99 ships and 146,000 passengers passed through the town, and in 2010, a total of 111 cruise ships with about 175,000 passengers visited the city.

"The Southern Railway goes from "Oslo S to "Drammen, to "Kristiansand S, to, finally, "Stavanger S. This route, 545 kilometers (339 mi) between Oslo and Stavanger, is scheduled over four times every day and takes around seven hours. The railway was constructed in several phases, the first section being opened in 1871 and the last not opened until 1944. While there was continual construction work from "Oslo westward as far as Moi, the "Jæren Line, from "Egersund to Stavanger in "Western Norway, was opened in 1878. Up to 1913 the name used on plans and for the completed sections was the Vestlandet Line (The West Country Line).

Located outside Stavanger, there is a port serving ferries to "Hirtshals, Denmark. There have been advocates for the "Smyril Line ferry between the "Faroe Islands and Denmark to make a stop in Stavanger as the new port in Risavika allows this to be done while only adding one hour to the total sailing time.

Local ferries go to "Tau and "Kvitsøy, while fast passenger boats go to many villages and islands between the main routes from Stavanger to "Haugesund and "Sauda.

The local bus service in Stavanger is administered by Rogaland Kollektivtrafikk (RKT) under the brand name ""Kolumbus".[33] The buses are operated by Boreal Transport. RKT administers all bus routes in Rogaland County.

"University of Stavanger (UIS) is the fifth university established in Norway, on 29 October 2004, when the University of Stavanger (HiS) gained university status by decision of the Council. The university has about 9,000 students and 1,200 employees and is organized into three faculties: Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and the Faculty of Science. The "archaeological museum is also part of the university. The campus is located in "Ullandhaug, with most departments located there. John B. Møst was employed as a university in 2011. Marit Boyesen was selected as the principal for the period 2011 to 2015, and started her tenure as rector 1 August 2011. As rector, she is the head of the academic activities of the University of Stavanger as well as Chairman of the University Board. The University of Stavanger became a member of "European Consortium of Innovative Universities (ECIU) in October 2012.

MHS was established in 1843 and accredited in 2008 as a research university. It has about 300 students from approximately 20 countries. MHS is owned by the "Norwegian Missionary Society. The Centre for Intercultural Communication (SIK) is associated with the college's mission.

The city has several museums and collections that are both local and national. The city's most visited museum is the "Norwegian Petroleum Museum, opened in 1998. In its ten years of visitation records, from 1998 to 2008, almost 95,000 people visited the museum annually. It is the only petroleum museum in "Europe.

The city's oldest museum is Missjonmuseet, established in 1864, located on the ground floor of the faculty building at MHS. The museum has about 5,000 exhibits consisting of several objects of ethnographic and historical interest from the various mission fields of study.

"Stavanger Museum, founded in 1877 and thus one of the oldest museums, includes several historic buildings and collections. Stavanger Museum consists of a total of eight buildings: Stavanger Museum Muségata 16, Stavanger Maritime Museum, the Norwegian Canning Museum, "Ledaal, Breidablikkveien museum, combined indretning, Norwegian Printing Museum and the Norwegian Children's Museum. In the main museum are now a cultural department, a zoological collection, and a library.

Museum of Archaeology in Stavanger is the largest museum in Stavanger, measured by number of employees. AmS is a state museum for the prehistoric sites in "Rogaland, and is part of the "University of Stavanger. The museum also conducts extensive outreach activities, and has facilities fairly close to Stavanger Museum.

Vestlandske School Museum (Western Norway School Museum), in Stavanger, is currently in the old 1920 Kvaleberg school building. Established in 1925, it is a museum of school history in "Rogaland.

By the bay lies the Norwegian Emigration Center on the west side and on the eastern side of the bay is Valbergtårnet with his vektermuseeum. "Norwegian Telecom Museum has an office in Stavanger, at Løkkeveien.

South West Film Forum was established in 1992 and is an organization of film workers in "Rogaland. Its goal is to increase the skills of film workers in the region and encourage more filmmaking. Film Forum Southwest has received operating support from the City of Stavanger since 1995 and from the county since 1997. Additionally, they have received grants for film workshop from the county and for other industry-stimulating measures from Stavanger municipality.

Stavanger has since 1997 had a grant for the support of local filmmaking. The aim has been to stimulate the local film community growth and development, and to contribute to local filmmakers so they can initiate film projects that can then apply for production funding from other government agencies. In addition, they support the already completed projects – primarily to help cinemas display locally produced film.

The feature film "Mongoland became a Norwegian film success, made outside of the traditional infrastructure for "Norwegian film. So far this has culminated with the establishment of the production company South West Film and Film Kraft Rogaland, to ensure long-term fund allocations to filmproduksjoner. Arild Østin Ommundsen made his directorial debut with the feature film Mongoland in 2000 and has since directed and written the script for The Haunting (2003) and Monster Thursday (2005). Ommundsen helped start the new Stavanger wave that came after Mongoland premiered, and several of the actors who were instrumental have since enjoyed great success.

Stavanger native Stian Kristiansen, who had his acting breakthrough in the feature film ""Mongoland", debuted as a feature film director with the film interpretation of Tore Renberg's book "The Man Who Loved Yngve. The film, of the same title, had its theatrical release on 15 February 2008. The film has received top marks in "Norwegian media, and was watched by over 30,000 people during the premiere weekend. In 2008, Kristiansen received Stavanger's screenplay scholarship.

On 30 September 2010, the film "Nokas, directed by "Erik Skjoldbjærg, premiered in Stavanger. The film is about the "NOKAS robbery in Stavanger on 5 April 2004, and was filmed on location, using many of the locations where the factual event took place, such as the King Street counting center, in the Norway Bank building, and the Cathedral Square, by Maria Church Ruins. The family of the police officer who died during the robbery has not authorized the film.

Stavanger and its region, along with "Liverpool, United Kingdom, was selected as a "European Capital of Culture for 2008. The Stavanger2008 vision is expressed through the concept "Open Port". This can be understood both in its English sense – "an open harbour" – and in its Norwegian meaning of "an open gate", together implying openness towards the world. The region and its people is supposed to be even more open and inclusive towards art, ideas and opportunities.

The largest local "football club in Stavanger is "Viking FK, one of the most successful football clubs in Norwegian history. The club currently plays in "OBOS-ligaen (the second highest level on the Norwegian football league pyramid) after having suffered a relegation from the "Norwegian Premier League in 2017. The club plays its home matches at "Viking Stadion, which was opened in 2004.

"FK Vidar, another local football club, currently plays in the Norwegian second division, the third highest level on the football league pyramid.

Especially in the summertime, Stavanger's harbour is full of large cruiseships: in 2011 Stavanger hosted 130 cruiseships. The Port of Stavanger is a popular stop on the route to the Norwegian Fjords. The charming city center is just a small walk from the quay.

There are not many outdoor activities in Stavanger itself, however, splendid opportunities are nearby in adjacent municipalities: "Lysefjorden is particularly popular for hiking. Tourists typically visit places like "Preikestolen (aka the Pulpit Rock), and "Kjeragbolten. "Preikestolen is a massive rock overhanging the fjord (604 meters below). "Kjeragbolten is a rock wedged in the cliff approximately 1000 meters above the fjord. The straight fall 1000 meters down to the fjord makes "Kjerag a very popular location for "BASE jumping.

Not too far from Stavanger, alpine centers are available for skiers and snowboarders throughout the winter season. [34]

Along the coast south of Stavanger there are a number of large, sandy beaches, including at Sola, within close reach from the city.[35]

Old Stavanger ("Gamle Stavanger) is located right next to the city centre and has a collection of 18th- and 19th-century wooden structures.

"Stavanger domkirke (St. Swithun's cathedral) was built between 1100 and 1150 by the English bishop Reinald in "Anglo-Norman style, and in the late 13th century a new choir was added in "Gothic style, with a vaulted roof. The cathedral is the only Norwegian cathedral that is almost unchanged since the 14th century.

The city centre itself is small and intimate, with narrow streets and open spaces protected from car traffic. The open-air vegetable market is one of the very few in Norway where you can buy produce directly from local farmers every working day through the year. Unfortunately, the Market has been in decline of recent years, and now has very few stall holders.["citation needed]