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By Conor DoughertyThe emergence of well-educated “Brain Hubs” over the past few decades have widened their advantage over much of the rest of the country cheap oakley sunglasses, leaving them better off through the recession and primed for future growth.
That success highlights a growing divide that has stratified the U.S. landscape and economy: A select number of high-flying places are hoarding a growing share of the nation’s most valuable workers, best-paying jobs and attracting a lopsided share of new investment and young companies.
In 1970, the top 10 most educated metropolitan areas among the nation’s 100 largest had an average of 23% of their workers holding a bachelor’s degree or higher, compared with 10% in the bottom 10, according to an analysis of Census data by Harvard University economist Edward Glaeser. The 13 percentage point gap has widened every decade since, and had doubled by 2010. The separation between the 10 cities at the top and the 10 in the middle has also grown, as has the gap between the 10 middle cities and 10 at the bottom.
“They’re pulling away from the pack,” Mr. Glaeser said in an interview.
Such a vast educational divide wasn’t such a big deal in past decades, when there were plentiful middle-skill jobs — in factories beats headphones with smooth shifts, for instance — that paid a mid-tier wage. But over the past few decades the job market has evolved so that there are fewer mid-tier jobs — with a greater concentration at the two extremes, according to research by economists including David Autor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
William Frey, a demographer at the Brookings Institution in Washington, notes that there are two types of high-educated metro. The first are old stalwarts like Washington 10-year-old Hong Kong boy crashes dad's Maserati, out on bail_577, San Jose — the heart of the Silicon Valley — and Boston. Those cities are already highly educated — each has a greater than 35% share of college degree or higher workers, versus 28.2% nationally — yet have still seen big gains in their share of college educated population. That’s not so much because young and educated workers are moving there, although many are. What’s driving those gains is the fact that many lesser-educated workers are leaving — either by dying or moving to less expensive cities.
The second type of educated city are places like Raleigh and Austin that have had fast growing populations but, thanks in part to their relative affordability, have seen a more diverse mix of educated and less-educated workers moving there. Because they’re adding all sorts of people, those places are middle of the pack when it comes to their share gain of college educated workers. But, when measured in raw numbers of college-educated people moving there, they were the nation’s number one and two most popular destinations.