Shunt operations have been the conventional surgical treatment for hydrocephalus. A catheter is placed into the brain ventricle, the shunt valve system is laid under the skin in the head, the other end of the catheter is passed under the skin and installed into the abdominal cavity. Excessive amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) will pass through a shunt system into the abdominal cavity under the pressure control of a shunt valve. Recently, a new surgical treatment, third ventriculostomy, has been proven to be effective for hydrocephalus. Instead of the installation of a shunt hardware in the body, CSF pathway is diverted away from blockage by endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy is an effective alternative surgical treatment for hydrocephalus that is caused by blockage of CSF pathway.