Lymphoma transplant

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma limited to the brain, spinal cord, leptomeninges, and eyes. The majority of patients are immunocompetent, with a median age of 65 years at diagnosis. Historically, whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) was the first and sole treatment for PCNSL. Today, due to the recognized neurotoxicity of WBRT, this modality is usually avoided in the treatment. Most chemotherapy regimens are based on high-dose methotrexate plus the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab, leading to high response rates, but 5-year survival is still poor at approximately 30% compared with other extranodal lymphomas...

Advanced follicular lymphoma (FL) remains an incurable disease, at least with conventional therapy. Despite the long remission and disease-free periods that can be currently achieved with treatment, the disease will ultimately relapse in most of the patients. Areas covered: This article reviews the current spectrum of therapies for patients with relapsed FL in the rituximab area. It will revisit current therapies, approaches to therapeutic decision making and novel agents under investigation. Expert Commentary: At present, rituximab or second generation anti-CD20 antibodies either as single agent or in combination with chemotherapy, anti-CD20 maintenance therapy and stem cell transplant remain effective treatment options for relapsed patients...

BACKGROUND: The first step in the production of chimeric antigen receptor T cells is the collection of autologous T cells using apheresis technology. The procedure is technically challenging, because patients often have low leukocyte counts and are heavily pretreated with multiple lines of chemotherapy, marrow transplantation, and/or radiotherapy. Here, we report our experience of collecting T lymphocytes for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell manufacturing in pediatric and young adult patients with leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or neuroblastoma...

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the incidence of gastrointestinal disorders requiring endoscopic and histopathologic diagnoses in renal transplant recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective analysis, we examined records of patients seen at the Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Transplantation Sciences, Sindh Institute of Urology and Trans?lantation (Karachi, Pakistan) from January 2010 to December 2014. Renal transplant recipients with gastrointestinal disorders who required endoscopy, including proctoscopy and upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy as per indication, were included...

BACKGROUND: Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplant (FACT-BMT) has been translated from English into several languages. Currently, there is no validated translation of FACT-BMT in Arabic. Here, we are reporting the first Arabic translation and validation of the FACT-BMT. METHODS: The study was approved by the Institutional Research Advisory Council. The Arabic translation followed the standard Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT...

A 16-year-old boy, who had been initially examined for bilateral blepharedema and slight eruption, presented with rapidly deteriorating symptoms in associating with headache and consciousness disturbance. He was diagnosed to have primary cutaneous CD8-positive aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma (PCAE-CTL) by a biopsy of the skin and brain. After whole-brain radiation and some courses of chemotherapy, cord blood transplantation was performed with myeloablative conditioning. After transplantation, the cerebral dysfunction gradually improved...

Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive T cell lymphoma with a poor prognosis. Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) can be a curative treatment for ATL, a significant proportion of allo-HSCT recipients suffer from relapse/progression of ATL. Here we aimed to clarify the risk factors for and outcomes after posttransplant relapse/progression. We retrospectively reviewed 76 patients with ATL who received allo-HSCT at our institute. At the time of allo-HSCT, disease status was complete response in 17 patients, partial response in 29, stable disease (SD) in 18, and progressive disease (PD) in 12...

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is largely a curable disease with excellent prognosis. The standard of care in patients with relapsed disease has been to try salvage chemotherapy followed by an autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Managing the patients who relapse after ASCT, is challenging. With the approval of targeted therapies such as PD-1 inhibitors, brentuximab vedotin, the outcomes have improved greatly. Areas covered: This review summarizes the current data available on the newer therapies as well as the present strategies used to treat patients with relapsed HL after an autologous stem cell transplantation...

BACKGROUND: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) constitutes only 2-3% of all leukemias in pediatric patients. Philapelphia chromosome and BCR-ABL fusion are genetic hallmarks of CML, and their presence is crucial for targeted molecular therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which replaced hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as a standard first-line therapy. The disease in pediatric population is rare, and despite molecular and clinical similarities to CML in adults, different approach is needed, due to the long lifetime expectancy and distinct developmental characteristics of affected children...

AIM: SOS/VOD is a relevant clinical syndrome that usually appears early after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The purpose of this article was to report a case series of SOS/VOD in non-susceptible patients and draw physicians' attention to the plausible relationship between liver injury and oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy, preceding autologous transplantation. METHODS: In this study, we report a case series of SOS/VOD in 4 lymphoma patients following autologous transplantation...

B cell-mediated antibodies play a critical role in protecting the body from infections; however, excessive antibody production is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and transplanted organ rejection. Regulation of antibody production is therefore crucial for overcoming these complications. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase p110δ (PI3Kδ), a member of the family of PI3K lipid kinases, is a key mediator of B cell activation and proliferation, with a small molecule PI3Kδ inhibitor having been approved for the treatment of B cell lymphoma...

BACKGROUND: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a potentially life-threatening complication of transplantation occurring in the setting of immunosuppression and oncogenic viral infections. However, little is known about the cumulative incidence, histological subtypes, risk determinants and outcome of PTLD in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients in Switzerland. METHODS: This retrospective observational study investigated adult SOT recipients from two sequential cohorts, the pre-SCTS (Swiss Transplant Cohort Study) series, with data collected from January 1986 to April 2008, and the STCS series, with data collected from May 2008 to December 2014 in Switzerland...

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is an immunostimulatory cytokine that augments antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity mediated by human natural killer cells against antibody-coated lymphoma cells in vitro and that has antitumor activity in animal models. Ofatumumab is a CD20 monoclonal antibody with activity against human B-cell lymphomas. A phase I study of recombinant human (rh) IL-18 given with ofatumumab was undertaken in patients with CD20 lymphoma who had undergone high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation...

Vinblastine and targeted therapies induce remissions in patients with relapsed or progressive anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis often is not included during re-induction in CNS-negative relapse patients. We report on five patients with progressive or early relapsed ALK-positive ALCL who developed CNS progression during re-induction with vinblastine, crizotinib, or brentuximab vedotin given for bridging to allogeneic blood stem cell transplantation...

The poor survival rate of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) within the ischemic heart limits their therapeutic potential for cardiac repair. Adrenomedullin (ADM) has been identified as a potent apoptotic inhibitor. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of ADM on MSCs against hypoxia and serum deprivation (H/SD)‑induced apoptosis, and to determine the potential underlying mechanisms. In the present study, a recombinant adenovirus expressing the ADM gene was established and was infected into MSCs...

Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are lymphoid proliferations or lymphomas that are the second most common tumors in adult transplant recipients. Most cases of PTLD are attributed to Epstein-Barr virus, which induces B-cell proliferation and occurs in the setting of severe immunosuppression after solid organ or bone marrow transplantation. The disorder is seen in 1-3% of liver transplant recipients and has a variable presentation chronology. Herein, we chronicle a case of aggressive B-cell lymphoma (PTLD WHO class-3) presenting with isolated gastrointestinal involvement in an Epstein-Barr virus-negative patient with living-donor liver transplantation, 4 years after receiving the transplant...

This phase 1 study evaluated frontline brentuximab vedotin in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (BV+CHP; 6 cycles, then up to 10 cycles of brentuximab vedotin monotherapy) in 26 patients with CD30-positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma, including 19 with systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma. All patients (100%) achieved an objective response, with a complete remission rate of 92%, and none received a consolidative stem cell transplant. After a median observation period of 59.6 months (range, 4...