A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine, rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole

C08J2305/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2301/00 or C08J2303/00

C08J2305/16—Cyclodextrin; Derivatives thereof

Abstract

Translated from Chinese

本发明涉及一种水溶液，其中甲硝唑的浓度高于0.75重量％。 The present invention relates to an aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of metronidazole is higher than 0.75 wt%.该水溶液包含作为第一溶解度增强剂的环糊精如β-CD以及除环糊精以外的第二溶解度增强剂。 The aqueous solution contains a first solubility enhancing agent is a cyclodextrin such as β-CD, and a second solubility enhancing agent is other than a cyclodextrin.本发明还涉及该溶液的制备方法以及治疗用途。 The present invention also relates to a method for preparing the solution and therapeutic uses.

Description

Translated from Chinese

包含甲硝唑的含水组合物技术领域本发明涉及用于治疗皮肤和粘膜疾病的局部给药药物领域。 BACKGROUND aqueous composition comprising metronidazole present invention relates to the pharmaceutical art for topical administration for treating skin and mucous membrane diseases.具体而言，本发明涉及包含甲硝唑作为活性成分的含水组合物。 In particular, the present invention relates to an aqueous composition comprising metronidazole as the active ingredient.背景技术甲硝唑，l-(2-羟乙基)-2-甲基-5-硝基咪唑，已知是一种治疗各种疾病的有效药物，而且特别是已知用于治疗各种原虫疾病。 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Metronidazole, l- (2- hydroxyethyl) -2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, is known as an effective drug for the treatment of various diseases, and in particular for the treatment of a variety of known protozoal disease.作为局部疗法， 还证实甲硝唑可用于治疗各种皮肤疾病，包括红斑痤疮、细菌性溃疡、 以及口周皮炎，参见：Borgman的美国专利4,837,378。 As a topical therapy, metronidazole is also demonstrated for treatment of various skin disorders, including acne rosacea, bacterial ulcers, and perioral dermatitis, see: U.S. Patent No. 4,837,378 to Borgman.在局部使用以治疗皮肤疾病时，已经发现甲硝唑具有抗炎活性，参见Czemidewski等人的美国专利5,849,776。 When used in the topical treatment of skin diseases, metronidazole has been found to have anti-inflammatory activity, see Czemidewski et al U.S. Patent 5,849,776.甲硝唑也可用作阴道治疗剂，用于治疗细菌性阴道病，参见Borgman的美国专利5,536,743。 Metronidazole vaginal therapeutic agents may also be used for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, see U.S. Patent No. 5,536,743 Borgman.用于治疗皮肤疾病的甲硝唑组合物可以乳膏、洗液和凝胶形式得到。 Metronidazole composition for the treatment of skin disorders may be creams, lotions and gels obtained.一种市售的甲硝唑乳膏产品，NORITATE™ (Dermik Laboratories, Inc.， Collegeville, PA 19426 USA),包含1%甲硝唑，其中不溶的药物悬浮在不透明的乳膏中。 One commercially available metronidazole cream product, NORITATE ™ (Dermik Laboratories, Inc., Collegeville, PA 19426 USA), contains 1% metronidazole in which the insoluble drug is suspended in the opaque cream.一种市售的甲硝唑凝胶产品，METROGEL® (Galderma Laboratories, Inc. Fort Worth, Texas, 76133 USA),包含0.75%的溶解甲硝唑，以制备澄清凝胶。 One commercially available metronidazole gel product, METROGEL® (Galderma Laboratories, Inc. Fort Worth, Texas, 76133 USA), contains 0.75% metronidazole is dissolved to prepare a clear gel.为治疗许多皮肤和粘膜疾病，经常优选使用增溶的水基制剂，如凝胶，而不是使用乳膏、洗液或软膏。 For the treatment of many diseases of the skin and mucous membranes, often preferable to use a solubilized water-based formulation, such as a gel, rather than using a cream, lotion or ointment.乳膏、洗液（通常为水包油型乳液) 和软膏（通常为矿脂基组合物）经常是产生粉刺的、致痤疮性的，或者对于患者不具有美容上的吸引性。 Creams, lotions (typically oil in water emulsions) and ointments (typically petroleum jelly based compositions) are often comedogenic, actuation of acne, or for patients having no suction of the cosmetic.增溶的局部用产品通常要比含有不溶性活性成分的产品更易得到。 Solubilized topical products typically contain insoluble active ingredient than the products more available.油基乳膏和软膏甲硝唑制剂与目前可以得到的凝胶基制剂相比具有以下优势：油基制剂可包含1%浓度的甲硝唑。 Oil-based creams and gels yl ointment metronidazole formulations currently available formulation has the following advantages compared to: oil-based formulations may contain a concentration of metronidazole of 1%.水基凝胶组合物受限于仅0.75%浓度的甲硝唑，这是因为甲硝唑在水中的溶解度差。 Aqueous gel composition is limited to a concentration of only 0.75% metronidazole, metronidazole because the solubility in water is poor.已知环糊精可增强各种药物在水溶液中的溶解度。 Cyclodextrins are known to enhance the solubility of various drugs in aqueous solutions.两亲性或亲脂性药物如甲硝唑被部分或者完全包封在该笼形结构中，由此增加药物在含水介质中的溶解度。 Amphiphilic or lipophilic drug, such as metronidazole, is partially or completely enclosed in the cage structure, thereby increasing the solubility of the drug in the aqueous medium.但是，环糊精也具有某些缺陷，包括花费、环糊精溶解度的限制、在某些载体中的不相容性、以及潜在的局部和全身毒性。 However, cyclodextrins have certain drawbacks, including cost limitation, cyclodextrin solubility, incompatibility in certain vehicles, and potential local and systemic toxicity.多位作者己描述了j8-环糊精（BCD)与甲硝唑的联合使用。 Multiple authors had described j8- cyclodextrin (BCD) in combination with metronidazole.Kata和Antal， Acta Pharmaceutica H皿garica， 54:116-122 (1984)公开了当在37'C 下溶解于包含BCD的溶液中时，甲硝唑的溶解速率显著增加。 Kata and Antal, Acta Pharmaceutica H dish garica, 54: 116-122 (1984) discloses that when dissolved in a solution containing BCD at 37'C, the rate of dissolution of metronidazole is significantly increased.没有注意BCD/甲硝唑溶液的稳定性。 Note that there is no stability BCD / metronidazole solutions.在使用BCD来增溶药物如甲硝唑时的主要问题是BCD在水中具有相对较低的溶解度，而且是相对不太有效的增溶剂，特别是对于亲脂性或者两亲性药物如甲硝唑。 The main problem in the use of BCD to solubilizing drugs such as metronidazole is BCD has a relatively low solubility in water, and is relatively less effective solubilizer, particularly for lipophilic or amphiphilic drugs such as metronidazole .另外，环糊精如BCD 及其衍生物是很昂贵的，而且包含BCD作为增溶剂的药物制剂同样也是昂贵的。 Additionally, cyclodextrins, such as BCD and its derivatives are very expensive, but also as a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a BCD solubilizer is also expensive.仍然需要在降低BCD浓度的同时增加药物的溶解度的方法。 Method still need to increase the solubility of the drug while reducing the concentration of BCD.已有人描述了除环糊精以外的溶解度增强剂。 It has been described solubility enhancing agents other than cyclodextrins.Yie W. Chien, Journal of Parenteral Science and Technology, 38(l):32-36 (1984年1月）披露了烟酰胺是溶解度增强剂，可增加MTZ的水溶解度。 Yie W. Chien, Journal of Parenteral Science and Technology, 38 (l): 32-36 (1984 years month) discloses a solubility enhancing agent is niacinamide, increase the water solubility of MTZ.Chien进一步披露了水溶性维生素抗坏血酸、以及吡眵素是用于水溶液的溶解度增强剂。 Chien further discloses the water soluble vitamins ascorbic acid, and topiramate solubility enhancing agent for the gum element is an aqueous solution.Chien 公开了甲硝唑在水中的溶解度相对于这些水溶性维生素在溶液中的浓度线性增加。 Chien discloses metronidazole solubility in water with respect to the concentration of these water soluble vitamins in the solution is increased linearly.Chien的文章在此并入作为参考。 Chien article is hereby incorporated by reference.该现有技术没有致力于环糊精如BCD与其他溶解度增强剂如烟酰胺或者其他水溶性维生素的组合。 The prior art does not committed combination with other cyclodextrins BCD solubility enhancing agent, such as niacinamide or other water soluble vitamins.发明内容现己令人惊奇地发现，环糊精与第二溶解度增强剂如烟酰胺或烟酸的组合对于两亲性或亲脂性化合物如甲硝唑的水溶解度具有协同作用。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has now surprisingly been found that the combination of cyclodextrin and the second solubility enhancing agent such as niacinamide or niacin for amphiphilic or lipophilic compound, such as aqueous solubility of metronidazole in a synergistic effect.第二溶解度增强剂也可以不是烟酰胺或烟酸。 The second solubility enhancing agent may be other than niacinamide or niacin.由环糊精与第二溶解度增强剂的组合提供的协同作用允许使用更低浓度的环糊精，低于在没有第二溶解度增强剂存在时达到所希望的化合物溶解度水平所需要的浓度。 Synergistic effect provided by the combination of cyclodextrin and the second solubility enhancing agent permits the use of lower concentrations of cyclodextrins, less than the desired concentration in the absence of the second solubility enhancing agent is present solubility level desired compound.因为环糊精是昂贵的，具有有限的水溶解度，而且不是完全没有毒性的， 所以本发明对于大大降低药物制剂配制和制备中的成本、增加环糊精如BCD的增溶能力、以及得到所希望浓度的药理活性化合物并同时使环糊精的用量最小化提供了一个重要的方法。 Because cyclodextrins are expensive, has limited aqueous solubility, is not toxic and not entirely, the present invention is to greatly reduce the cost of preparing the formulation and a pharmaceutical formulation, such as increased solubilization cyclodextrins BCD, and to obtain the the pharmacologically active compound desired concentration while minimizing the amount of cyclodextrin provides an important way.在此所用术语"溶解度增强剂"是指当存在于溶剂的溶液中时能够增加第二化合物如活性成分在所述溶剂中的溶解度的化合物，但该化合物本身不是所述第二化合物的溶剂。 The term "solubility enhancer" means a compound as the second active ingredient in the solvent solubility can be increased when a solution is present in the solvent, but the compound itself is not a compound with the second solvent.本说明书中所用的所有浓度都是重量％，除非另有说明。 All concentrations in this specification are used in wt% unless otherwise indicated.以下参考具体的环糊精一一BCD和具体的化合物一一甲硝唑描述本发明。 Below with reference to the specific cyclodextrin and eleven BCD eleven specific compounds of the invention described metronidazole.但是，本发明也适用于其他的环糊精，微晶和非微晶的，包括a和Y环糊精及其微晶和非微晶衍生物，以及除甲硝唑以为的其他两亲性和亲脂性化合物。 However, the present invention is also applicable to other cyclodextrins, non-crystallites and crystallite, and Y cyclodextrins and comprising a non-microcrystalline, and microcrystalline derivatives, in addition to metronidazole and other amphiphilic that and lipophilic compounds.在溶液中组合第一溶解度增强剂和第二溶解度增强剂，由此可以得到包含0.75%以上甲硝唑（MTZ)的物理稳定的水溶液，其中所述第一溶解度增强剂是环糊精如i3-环糊精（BCD)，而所述第二溶解度增强剂例如是烟酰胺或烟酸。 Combination of the first and second solubility enhancing agent solubility enhancing agent in the solution, thereby to obtain a physically stable aqueous solution comprising 0.75% metronidazole (MTZ), wherein the solubility enhancer is a cyclodextrin, such as first i3 - cyclodextrin (BCD), and the second solubility enhancing agent, for example, nicotinamide or nicotinic acid.环糊精与第二溶解度增强剂的组合对于增强MTZ 在水中的溶解度提供了协同作用。 Cyclodextrin in combination with a second solubility enhancing agent provides for enhanced synergy MTZ solubility in water.这些发现允许制备MTZ水溶液，其包括凝胶状的包含1 %或更高MTZ的溶液。 These findings allow the preparation of an aqueous solution of MTZ, comprising a gel comprising 1% solution of MTZ or higher.在此等水平下，MTZ可以被有效地用作局部药物。 Under these levels, MTZ may be effectively used as a topical medicament.在一个实施方案中，本发明是一种水溶液，其中MTZ的浓度高于0.75重量％，优选为约1%或更高。 In one embodiment, the present invention is an aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of MTZ higher than 0.75% by weight, preferably about 1% or higher.该水溶液包含作为第一溶解度增强剂的环糊精如BCD以及第二溶解度增强剂如烟酸或烟酰胺。 The aqueous solution contains a first solubility enhancing agent is a cyclodextrin such as BCD, and a second solubility enhancing agent such as niacin or niacinamide.优选地，环糊精和第二溶解度增强剂的各自浓度低于在没有其他溶解度增强剂存在时使MTZ的溶解浓度达到本发明水溶液中的浓度时所需要的浓度。 Preferably, the concentration of each of the cyclodextrin and the second solubility enhancing agent is less than that the concentration of the dissolved concentration of MTZ in aqueous solution to a concentration of the present invention in the absence of the other solubility enhancing agent is present needed.但是如果需要的话，该溶液可包含过量的第二溶解度增强剂。 However, if desired, the solution may contain an excess of the second solubility enhancing agent.最优选的是，MTZ在该组合溶液中的增强溶解度高于MTZ在两种分别包含单个溶解度增强剂的溶液中的增强溶解度之和，在所述两种溶液中所述单个溶解度增强剂的浓度与组合溶液中的相同。 Most preferably, enhance the solubility of MTZ in the combination solution is higher than the MTZ solubility enhancement of comprising two separate single solubility enhancer in the solution and, in the two solutions in a concentration of the single solubility enhancer in combination with the same solution.优选地，该溶液基本上不包含除环糊精和第二溶解度增强剂以外的水溶解度增强剂。 Preferably, the solution does not comprise substantially water-solubility enhancing agent other than a cyclodextrin and the second solubility enhancing agent.优选地，该溶液是含水凝胶。 Preferably, the solution is an aqueous gel.在另一个实施方案中，本发明是一种用于制造MTZ浓度高于0.75 %、优选约为1.0%或更高的水溶液的方法。 In another embodiment, the present invention is a method for manufacturing a concentration of MTZ higher than 0.75%, an aqueous solution of 1.0% or more preferably about.该方法包括在水基溶液中组合使用MTZ以及两种溶解度增强剂，其中一种是环糊精如BCD, MTZ 最终水溶液的浓度高于0.75%。 The method includes the use of a combination of two kinds of MTZ and the solubility enhancing agent in an aqueous solution, one of which is a cyclodextrin such as the BCD, a concentration of MTZ higher than 0.75% of the final aqueous solution.优选地，环糊精和第二溶解度增强剂的各自浓度低于在没有其他溶解度增强剂存在时使MTZ的溶解浓度达到本发明水溶液中的浓度时所需要的浓度。 Preferably, the concentration of each of the cyclodextrin and the second solubility enhancing agent is less than that the concentration of the dissolved concentration of MTZ in aqueous solution to a concentration of the present invention in the absence of the other solubility enhancing agent is present needed.但是如果需要的话，可使用过量的第二溶解度增强剂。 However, if desired, can be used in excess of the second solubility enhancer.最优选的是，MTZ在该组合溶液中的增强溶解度高于MTZ在两种分别包含单个溶解度增强剂的溶液中的增强溶解度之和，在所述两种溶液中所述单个溶解度增强剂的浓度与组合溶液中的相同。 Most preferably, enhance the solubility of MTZ in the combination solution is higher than the MTZ solubility enhancement of comprising two separate single solubility enhancer in the solution and, in the two solutions in a concentration of the single solubility enhancer in combination with the same solution.优选地，在溶液中进一步组合使用凝胶剂，并优选在添加MTZ 和溶解度增强剂之后。 Preferably, the gelling agent is further combined in the solution used, preferably after addition and the MTZ and the solubility-enhancing agent.在另一个实施方案中，本发明涉及用于治疗皮肤或粘膜疾病的方法。 In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method of treating the skin or mucosa diseases.该方法包括向受影响区域局部施用包含MTZ和环糊精如BCD以及第二溶解度增强剂如烟酸或烟酰胺的水溶液，该溶液中MTZ的浓度高于0.75 %，优选为约1.0%或更高。 The method comprises topically applying to the affected area by comprising MTZ and a cyclodextrin, such as BCD, and a second solubility enhancing agent such as niacin or niacinamide in an aqueous solution, the solution concentration of MTZ higher than 0.75%, preferably about 1.0% or less high.优选地，环糊精和第二溶解度增强剂的各自浓度低于在没有其他溶解度增强剂存在时使MTZ的溶解浓度达到本发明水溶液中的浓度时所需要的浓度。 Preferably, the concentration of each of the cyclodextrin and the second solubility enhancing agent is less than that the concentration of the dissolved concentration of MTZ in aqueous solution to a concentration of the present invention in the absence of the other solubility enhancing agent is present needed.但是如果需要的话，该溶液可包含过量的第二溶解度增强剂。 However, if desired, the solution may contain an excess of the second solubility enhancing agent.最优选的是，MTZ在该组合溶液中的增强溶解度高于MTZ在两种分别包含单个溶解度增强剂的溶液中的增强溶解度之和，在所述两种溶液中所述单个溶解度增强剂的浓度与组合溶液中的相同。 Most preferably, enhance the solubility of MTZ in the combination solution is higher than the MTZ solubility enhancement of comprising two separate single solubility enhancer in the solution and, in the two solutions in a concentration of the single solubility enhancer in combination with the same solution.优选地，该水溶液是凝胶。 Preferably, the aqueous solution is a gel.在另一个实施方案中，本发明涉及用于治疗皮肤或粘膜疾病的药盒。 In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a kit for the treatment of skin or mucosa disease.本发明的药盒包括一包含MTZ水溶液的容器，而该水溶液包含为环糊精如BCD的第一溶解度增强剂以及第二溶解度增强剂如烟酸或烟酰胺。 Kit of the invention comprises a vessel containing an aqueous solution of MTZ, the aqueous solution which contains a cyclodextrin, such as BCD as a first solubility enhancing agent and a second solubility enhancing agent such as niacin or niacinamide.优选地，环糊精和第二溶解度增强剂的各自浓度低于在没有其他溶解度增强剂存在时使MTZ的溶解浓度达到本发明水溶液中的浓度时所需要的浓度。 Preferably, the concentration of each of the cyclodextrin and the second solubility enhancing agent is less than that the concentration of the dissolved concentration of MTZ in aqueous solution to a concentration of the present invention in the absence of the other solubility enhancing agent is present needed.但是如果需要的话，该溶液可包含过量的第二溶解度增强剂。 However, if desired, the solution may contain an excess of the second solubility enhancing agent.最优选的是，MTZ在该组合溶液中的增强溶解度高于MTZ在两种分别包含单个溶解度增强剂的溶液中的增强溶解度之和，在所述两种溶液中所述单个溶解度增强剂的浓度与组合溶液中的相同。 Most preferably, enhance the solubility of MTZ in the combination solution is higher than the MTZ solubility enhancement of comprising two separate single solubility enhancer in the solution and, in the two solutions in a concentration of the single solubility enhancer in combination with the same solution.优选地，该水溶液是凝胶。 Preferably, the aqueous solution is a gel.附图说明图l显示了本发明药盒的优选实施方案的示意图。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure l shows a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the kit of the present invention.具体实施方式出乎意料地发现，通过使用组合溶解度增强剂，其中一种溶解度增强剂是环糊精如BCD，以及第二溶解度増强剂不是环糊精，能够得到稳定的甲硝唑（MTZ)水溶液，该水溶液中的甲硝唑（MTZ)含量大于0.75 重量％，并甚至为1.0%或更高。 DETAILED DESCRIPTION unexpectedly found that by using a combination of solubility enhancing agent, one solubility enhancer is a cyclodextrin, such as the BCD, and the second agent is not strong enlargement of cyclodextrin solubility, it is possible to obtain a stable metronidazole (MTZ ) solution, the aqueous solution of metronidazole (MTZ) content greater than 0.75 wt% and even 1.0% or higher.合适的第二增强剂的例子包括烟酸和烟酰胺。 Examples of suitable second enhancing agents include niacin and niacinamide.在本发明之说明书中使用的术语"稳定的"是指物理上的稳定性， 而不是化学上的稳定性。 Used in the description of the present invention, the term "stable" refers to physical stability, the chemical stability instead.根据本发明，在5'C的冷藏温度下储存至少7 天时，本发明的甲硝唑溶液是物理稳定的，基本上没有晶体或沉淀物从溶液中析出。 According to the present invention, storage at refrigerated temperatures is at least 5'C 7 days, metronidazole solutions of the invention are physically stable, substantially no crystal or precipitate out of solution.在基本上不存在对完整或者受损皮肤或粘膜表面具有刺激性的水混溶有机溶剂如乙醇或丙二醇时，可得到浓度大于0.75%的甲硝唑物理稳定水溶液。 In the substantial absence of intact or damaged skin or mucosal surfaces has a pungent water-miscible organic solvent such as ethanol or propylene glycol, to obtain a concentration greater than 0.75% physically stable aqueous solutions of metronidazole.这些有机溶液的消除使治疗溶液具有更低的刺激作用，而且使该溶液特别适用于局部治疗皮肤病症如红斑痤疮，而治疗制剂中如果存在刺激性化学品将会加重该病症。 The elimination of these organic solutions with lower therapeutic stimulation solution, and the solution is particularly suitable for topical treatment of skin disorders such as rosacea, if present formulation treating harsh chemicals will aggravate the condition.但是，如果需要，溶液中也可包含此等有机溶剂，浓度最高为约10%。 However, if desired, the solution may also contain such an organic solvent, concentration of up to about 10%.在优选实施方案中，本发明的水溶液基本上不包含用于MTZ的有机溶剂。 In a preferred embodiment, the aqueous solution of the present invention does not substantially contain an organic solvent for the MTZ.在本发明的稳定MTZ水溶液中，MTZ的浓度大于0.75重量X。 Stable aqueous MTZ in the present invention, the concentration of MTZ greater than 0.75 wt X.优选地，MTZ在本发明溶液中的浓度为约1.0%。 Preferably, the concentration of MTZ in the solution of the invention is about 1.0%.根据本发明，MTZ在水溶液中的浓度甚至可以更高，例如为1.25%、 1.5%、 2.0%或2.5%或更高。 According to the present invention, the concentration of MTZ in aqueous solution may be even higher, for example 1.25%, 1.5%, 2.0% or 2.5% or more.MTZ的浓度为1%或更高时，本发明的水溶液可有效地用作局部治疗制剂。 MTZ concentration of 1% or higher, aqueous solutions of the present invention can be effectively used as a topical therapeutic agents.本发明的溶液优选为凝胶形式的。 Solution of the present invention is preferably a gel form.因此，MTZ水溶液优选包含凝胶剂。 Thus, MTZ solution preferably contains a gelling agent.任何可在水中分散并形成基本上均匀的含水凝胶的凝胶剂都适合用于本发明的溶液中，只要该凝胶剂不实质性地影响MTZ的水溶解度或者溶液的治疗效力。 Any dispersible in water and form a substantially homogeneous aqueous gel of gel solutions are suitable for use in the present invention, so long as the gelling agent does not substantially affect the water solubility of MTZ or solutions of therapeutic efficacy."实质性地影响"是指所包含的凝胶剂降低MTZ在水溶液中的溶解度至0.75重量％或更低。 "Substantially affect" means a gel contained in an aqueous solution decreases the solubility of MTZ to 0.75% by weight or less.优选的凝胶剂是羟乙基纤维素(NATROSOL™, Hercules Inc., Wilmington, DE, USA)。 Preferred gelling agents are hydroxyethylcellulose (NATROSOL ™, Hercules Inc., Wilmington, DE, USA).其他合适凝胶剂的例子包括羧乙烯基聚合物如CARBOPOL® 934、940和941(Noveon， Inc., Akron, Ohio, US A)。 Examples of other suitable gelling agents include carboxyvinyl polymers such as CARBOPOL® 934,940 and 941 (Noveon, Inc., Akron, Ohio, US A).环糊精在溶液中的浓度可根据所希望的MTZ溶解浓度而变化。 Concentration of cyclodextrin in the solution may vary depending upon the desired dissolved concentration of MTZ.通常优选使用在得到所希望的MTZ浓度的情况下尽可能低的环糊精浓度，这是因为环糊精较贵，具有有限的水溶解度，并非完全无毒性的，而且环糊精的存在对于某些完整的以及患病的皮肤和粘膜表面具有刺激作用。 Usually preferred in the case of obtaining the desired concentration of MTZ concentration of cyclodextrin as low as possible, because cyclodextrins expensive, has limited aqueous solubility, not entirely free of toxicity, and for the presence of cyclodextrin some intact and diseased skin and mucosal surfaces have a stimulatory effect.根据本发明，水溶液中的环糊精浓度可在0.1%—20%之间，或者更高。 According to the present invention, the concentration of cyclodextrin in aqueous solution may be between 0.1% to 20%, or higher.优选地，该溶液中的环糊精浓度不超过约5重量％。 Preferably, the cyclodextrin concentration in the solution is not more than about 5% by weight.如果是^-环糊精， 其在水溶液中的浓度受限于其在水中的溶解度。 If ^ - cyclodextrin, the concentration in aqueous solution is limited by its solubility in water.P-环糊精的水溶液如凝胶，在5'C (冰箱温度）时约0.5%的浓度即达到饱和。 P- cyclodextrin aqueous solution such as a gel, at 5'C (refrigerator temperature), i.e. a concentration of about 0.5% to saturated.水溶液、特别是凝胶剂型的水溶液是不粘的、快速干燥的、以及美容高雅的。 Aqueous solutions, especially aqueous gel formulation is tack-free, fast drying, and elegant beauty.该溶液、包括凝胶制剂在5'C (冰箱温度）或者室温下在至少7天中都是物理稳定的。 The solution, gel formulation comprising at 5'C (refrigerator temperature) or room temperature for at least 7 days are physically stable.在5'C下1周后没有观察到形成晶体或沉淀。 No crystal formation or precipitation is observed for 1 week at 5'C.优选的是，本发明的水溶液基本上不包含除MTZ以外的、水溶解度可被环糊精增强的其他药物活性化合物。 Preferably, the aqueous solution of the present invention does not substantially contain other than MTZ, the aqueous solubility of the cyclodextrin can be enhanced other pharmaceutically active compounds.这些其他化合物对于粘合剂笼形结构中的螯合位可起到竞争剂的作用，而且降低环糊精对MTZ溶解度的增强作用。 These other compounds for chelation adhesive cage structure may function as a competitor, but also enhancement of cyclodextrin to reduce the MTZ solubility.在溶液中可使用用环糊精增强溶解度的多种溶质，只要溶液中的环糊精和第二溶解度增强剂的浓度足够高，以在即使有竞争溶质存在时仍形成所希望的MTZ溶解浓度。 May be used in solution with cyclodextrins enhance the solubility of various solutes, as long as the concentration of the cyclodextrin solution and a second solubility enhancing agent is high enough to form a desired still even when a competitive concentration of dissolved solute present MTZ .在本发明的优选实施方案中，环糊精在溶液中的浓度低于将MTZ 的溶解度增强至所希望的程度时的浓度，而第二溶解度增强剂如烟酰胺或烟酸在溶液中的浓度应能够得到MTZ在水溶液中的希望浓度。 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the cyclodextrin in the solution is less than the solubility of MTZ to enhance the degree of concentration desired, and the second solubility enhancing agent such as niacinamide or niacin concentration in solution It should be able to obtain the desired concentration of MTZ in aqueous solution.例如， 如果希望稳定的1XMTZ水溶液，可使用0.1% —1.0X的BCD，而且烟酰胺或烟酸在溶液中的混合量应使MTZ的溶解度达到1%。 For example, if the desired aqueous stable 1XMTZ, BCD 0.1% -1.0X may be used, and the mixing amount of nicotinamide or nicotinic acid in solution should be such that the solubility of MTZ to 1%.待混合在溶液中的烟酰胺的量低于当溶液中不存在BCD时增强MTZ的溶解度以得到1XMTZ溶液或者任何所希望的MTZ浓度时的量。 The amount of niacinamide to be mixed in the solution is less than the time when the MTZ solubility enhancement absence of BCD solution to obtain a solution or 1XMTZ amount of any desired concentration of MTZ.根据本发明的该实施方案，对于1X的MTZ水溶液，BCD在该溶液中的浓度优选为1.0 重量％或更低，而烟酰胺或烟酸的浓度等于或者高于BCD的浓度。 According to this embodiment of the present invention, for 1X solution of MTZ, the concentration of BCD in the solution is preferably 1.0 wt% or less, and the concentration of niacinamide or niacin equal to or higher than the concentration of BCD.本发明包括含水凝胶的水溶液可以按照产生大于0.75%、优选1.0 ^或更高的稳定MTZ浓度的方式来制备。 The present invention comprises an aqueous solution according to the aqueous gel may be producing greater than 0.75%, preferably 1.0 to prepare a stable MTZ concentration ^ manner or higher.优选地，在添加凝胶剂之前， 或者至少在发生溶液凝胶化之前，使溶解度增强剂和MTZ在水或水基溶液中进行混合。 Preferably, prior to addition of the gelling agent, or at least until the solution gelled, and MTZ solubility enhancers are mixed in water or water-based solution.优选地，在添加MTZ之前，将溶解度增强剂溶解在水中。 Preferably, prior to addition of MTZ, the solubility enhancing agent is dissolved in water.在制备本发明水溶液的优选方法中，制备BCD和烟酰胺或烟酸的水溶液，其中BCD和烟酰胺或烟酸的量如上所述。 In a preferred method of preparing an aqueous solution of the present invention, the preparation of BCD and niacinamide or niacin in an aqueous solution, wherein the amount of BCD and niacinamide or nicotinic acid as described above.然后在溶液中添加甲硝唑。 Metronidazole is then added to the solution.在溶液中添加的甲硝唑的量可以进行计算，以使MTZ达到所希望的浓度，或者是过量的MTZ。 The amount of metronidazole added to the solution can be calculated, so that to achieve the desired concentration of MTZ, or an excess of MTZ.溶液优选在升高的温度下进行搅拌，然后冷却至室温或者冰箱温度。 Solution is preferably stirred at an elevated temperature, then cooled to room temperature or refrigerator temperature.如果需要，优选在添加MTZ之后的任意时间处向溶液中添加凝胶剂。 If necessary, preferably at an arbitrary time after the addition of MTZ to the solution is added a gelling agent.最优选的是在搅拌溶液后、在冷却溶液期间、或者在冷却溶液后向溶液中添加凝胶剂。 Most preferred is the solution was stirred, during cooling of the solution or gel is added to the solution after cooling the solution.本发明的溶液、包括凝胶，可用于局部治疗对甲硝唑疗法有反应的皮肤或粘膜疾病。 Solution of the present invention, including gels, may be used for topical treatment of skin or mucosal diseases responsive to metronidazole therapy.根据本发明的治疗方法，向需要此等治疗的皮肤或粘膜表面局部地施用包含浓度高于0.75重量％、优选为约1%或更高的甲硝唑的稳定水溶液。 The method of treatment according to the present invention, in need of such treatment of the skin or mucosal surface comprising topically administering a concentration higher than 0.75% by weight, preferably about 1% or stable aqueous solutions of metronidazole greater.所施用的溶液优选包含如上所述的环糊精如BCD以及如上所述的烟酸或烟酰胺。 The solution was administered as described above preferably contains a cyclodextrin, such as BCD, and the niacin or niacinamide as described above.本发明的治疗方法可用于治疗对甲硝唑疗法有反应或者强烈反应的任意疾病。 Treatment methods of the invention are useful for treating any disease or have a strong reaction to the reaction metronidazole therapy.适合用本发明的方法治疗的疾病的例子包括皮肤、口腔粘膜或者阴道粘膜上的炎症损伤、糖尿病性足溃疡、以及可局部进行治疗的某些感染性疾病。 Suitable disease by the method of the present invention, examples thereof include treatment of the skin, oral mucosa or the vaginal mucosa inflammatory injury, diabetic foot ulcers, and certain infectious diseases can be treated locally.在优选的实施方案中，本发明的方法是用于治疗红斑痤疮。 In a preferred embodiment, the method of the present invention is a method for the treatment of rosacea.在约1%或更高的浓度时，优选每日仅施用一次甲硝唑溶液。 From about 1%, or at higher concentrations, preferably metronidazole administered once daily only.该溶液以每日基础施用，每日l或多次，施用时间应足以对所述疾病产生缓解或者治愈作用。 The solution was administered on a daily basis, or more times daily l, ease of administration time sufficient to produce a cure for the disease or effect.对于某些慢性疾病，本发明的溶液可每日1或多次长时间地施用，以防止所述疾病的恶化。 For certain chronic disorders, the solution according to the present invention may be one or more times per day administered for a long time, to prevent the deterioration of the disease.在本发明的另一个实施方案中，药盒（图1〉是用于局部治疗皮肤或粘膜疾病。该药盒包含罐101或者适合容纳本发明的甲硝唑水溶液的其他容器，以及向皮肤或粘膜表面的受损区域局部地施用该溶液的说明(未示出）。优选地，甲硝唑溶液中的甲硝唑浓度为约1%或更高，而且所述说明要求向受损区域每日施用甲硝唑溶液1次。罐101优选包装在盒102中，在该盒上可写上额外的信息如使用指南。以下非限制性的实施例用于进一步描述本发明。实施例l在以下实施例中的所有溶液都包含如通式所列的成分或者如表1中所示的凝胶载体。表1组分 重量％对羟基苯甲酸甲酯 0.15对羟基苯甲酸丙酯 0.05苯氧基乙醇 0.7乙二胺四乙酸钠 0.05羟乙基纤维素（HEC) 1.25/3-环糊精（BCD) 如表2—6中所示烟酰胺或烟酸 如表2—6中所示纯水 至100,00改变]8-环糊精（BCD)的浓度，制备根据表l的 In another embodiment of the present invention, a kit (Figure 1> for the topical treatment of skin or mucosal diseases. The kit comprises a tank 101 or other suitable container containing an aqueous solution of metronidazole present invention, as well as to the skin or Description the damaged area was locally administered mucosal surface (not shown). preferably, the metronidazole solution concentration of metronidazole is about 1% or higher, and the description of each request to the damaged area administration of metronidazole once daily. tank 101 preferably packaged in the cartridge 102, the cartridge can be written on the additional information such as instructions for use. the present invention, the following non-limiting examples serve to further described. in Example l the following embodiment examples are all solutions comprising the components set forth in the general formula or gel carrier as shown in table 1. table 1 component% by weight of methyl paraben 0.15 propyl paraben 0.05 aminophenoxy -ethanol 0.7 sodium edetate 0.05 hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) 1.25 / 3- cyclodextrin (BCD), such as nicotinic acid or nicotinamide in table 2-6 table 2-6 shown in FIG pure water to 100,00 change] 8- cyclodextrin (BCD) concentration, prepared according to table l,同溶液。BCD的溶液保存在5'C下，每周观察形成结晶或沉淀物的迹象，共进行2周。 所得结果如表2所示。数据表明在5'C下水溶液中饱和的BCD溶解度为约0.5%。表2BCD重量％ 在5'C下储存后的结果0.5 2周后澄清0.6 2周后形成晶体0.7 1周时形成晶体0.9 1周时形成晶体1.0 1周时形成晶体1.2 1周时形成晶体1.4 1周时形成晶体1.5 1周时形成晶体16实施例2用实施例1中包含0.5%BCD的凝胶载体制备不同浓度的甲硝唑。 甲硝唑（MTZ)/BCD溶液在5'C下保存1周。结果示于表3中。<table>table see original document page 17</column></row> <table>从该研究可以看出，甲硝唑在包含0.5%BCD的凝胶载体中的稳定溶解度在5'C下测定为约0.8重量％。实施例3使用各种浓度的烟酰胺进行类似的研究，结果表明为得到1.0%甲硝唑的稳定水凝胶溶液所需要的烟酰胺为约3%。制备表1中的各种凝胶溶液，其中甲硝唑的浓度为1.0%， BCD solubility with .BCD solution was stored at 5'C, observed signs of crystallization or formation of precipitate weekly for 2 weeks. The results are shown in Table 2. The data show that the saturated aqueous solution of 5'C form crystals forming crystals when formed crystals 1.0 0.9 1 week 1 week when about 0.5%. table 2BCD wt% results after storage 0.5 2 0.6 Zhouhou Cheng clear crystals formed after 2 weeks at 5'C 0.7 1.2 1 week 1 week preparation of different concentrations of metronidazole gel carrier formed crystals 16 Example 2 Example 1 containing 0.5% BCD 1.5 1 week of metronidazole (MTZ) / BCD solution form crystals forming a crystalline 1.4 weeks 1 week at 5'C. the results are shown in table 3. <table> table see original document page 17 </ column> </ row> <table> it can be seen from this study, metronidazole containing 0.5% BCD stable solubility gel carrier was measured at about 0.8 wt% 5'C. 3 using various concentrations of nicotinamide embodiment similar study, the results show that to obtain a stable aqueous gel solution of 1.0% metronidazole nicotinamide required about 3%. table 1 were prepared in a variety of gel solution, wherein the concentration of metronidazole is 1.0%含0.5X或1.0^的BCD以及不同浓度的烟酰胺。这些凝胶保存在5'C下1周，以观察沉淀和晶体的形成。 结果如表4所示。<table>table see original document page 17</column></row> <table>表4中的结果表明，分别低至0.5%和1.0%的BCD和烟酰胺浓度可—起使用以得到1.0%的物理稳定的甲硝唑水凝胶溶液。 Different concentrations of BCD and niacinamide or containing 0.5X 1.0 ^ These gels stored at 5'C 1 week to observe the formation of precipitates and crystals. The results are shown in Table. <Table> table see original document page 4 17 </ column> </ row> <table> the results in table 4 show, respectively, as low as 0.5% and 1.0% concentrations of BCD and niacinamide may be - used together to obtain a physically stable 1.0% metronidazole hydrogel gum solution.实施例4制备表1中的各种凝胶溶液，其中甲硝唑的浓度为1.0%，并包含各种浓度的烟酸。 Various gel solution prepared in Example 4 in Table 1 of the embodiment, wherein the concentration of metronidazole is 1.0%, and containing various concentrations of niacin.用trolamine将pH调节为5.0 +/- 0.15。 With trolamine pH was adjusted to 5.0 +/- 0.15.该溶液在5""C下保存1周，以观察形成沉淀物或晶体的证据。 The solution was stored for one week at 5 "" C, to observe the formation of precipitates or crystals evidence.结果示于表5中。 The results are shown in Table 5.表5<table>table see original document page 18</column></row> <table>* 8个样品中有7个显示形成结晶表5中的结果表明，为得到1.0%甲硝唑的稳定凝胶溶液所需要的最小烟酸浓度高于0.5 % ，并优选为约0.75 % 。 Table 5 <table> table see original document page 18 </ column> </ row> <table> * 8 samples in 7 shows the formation of crystals results in Table 5 show that, to obtain a stable 1.0% metronidazole condensate the minimum concentration of niacin required for the gum solution is higher than 0.5%, and preferably about 0.75%.实施例5制备根据表1的各种溶液，其包含1%的甲硝唑、0.5%的烟酸以及各种浓度的BCD，而且pH调节至5.0 +/- 0.15。 Example 5 Preparation of the various solutions according to Table 1, which contains 1% metronidazole, 0.5% niacin, and various concentrations of the BCD, and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 +/- 0.15.该溶液在5'C下保存1周，以观察沉淀物或晶体的形成。 The solution was stored for one week at 5'C, was observed to form a precipitate or crystals.结果示于表6中。 The results are shown in Table 6.表6<table>table see original document page 19</column></row> <table>如表6中所示，通过使用0.5^烟酸与0.5。 Table 6 <table> table see original document page 19 </ column> </ row> <table> As shown in Table 6, by using nicotinic acid and 0.5 ^ 0.5./^BCD的组合，可制得稳定的1.0%甲硝唑含水凝胶溶液。 Composition / ^ BCD, and can produce a stable 1.0% aqueous gel solution of metronidazole.在上述实施例l一5中的数据表明，在最大水可溶性浓度下的BCD 于5。 In the above embodiment the data a l 5 show, BCD at the maximum soluble concentration in water 5.C将MTZ在水溶液如凝胶中的稳定溶解度提高0.1X，艮卩、从0.7% 至1」0.8%。 The C MTZ in aqueous gel stabilizer such as improved solubility 0.1X, Gen Jie, from 1 to 0.7% "0.8%.为将MTZ的水溶解度由0.3X提高到1X，则需要3%浓度的烟酰胺。 The water solubility of MTZ is increased from 0.3X to 1X, the required concentration of 3% nicotinamide.因此，约3X浓度的烟酰胺将MTZ在含水凝胶中的物理稳定的溶解度提高约为最大可溶性浓度的BCD所提供的溶解度增加量的3倍。 Accordingly, nicotinamide concentration to about 3X physically stable MTZ aqueous solubility in the gel in an increased amount of 3 times the maximum solubility of about soluble concentration of BCD provided.当在溶液中联合使用BCD和烟酰胺时，这两个化合物起到协同作用，增加MTZ在水中的溶解度。 When used in combination BCD and niacinamide in the solution, the two compounds has a synergistic effect, increasing the solubility of MTZ in water.实施例l一5中的数据表明，当BCD 在水溶液中的添加量预期可产生0.1%的溶解度增加，而烟酰胺的添加量为能够使MTZ的溶解度增加0.3%的烟酰胺量的三分之一，它们的组合可使MTZ的溶解度比单独使用时的溶解度高0.3%。 The data shows that a five cases l embodiment, when BCD is added in an amount expected to result in an aqueous solution of 0.1% solubility enhancer, can be added in an amount of nicotinamide and solubility of MTZ by 0.3% increase in the amount of nicotinamide thirds First, the combination thereof enables the solubility of MTZ higher than the solubility of 0.3% when used alone.用0.5%浓度的烟酸可得到类似的结果，该浓度低于产生1%甲硝唑稳定水溶液时所需要的浓度。 Concentration of 0.5% niacin with similar results, when the concentration is lower than 1% to produce stable aqueous solutions of metronidazole needed.当该浓度的烟酸与0.5%的BCD (该浓度仅可使MTZ的水溶解度增加0.1X，达至lj0.8X)组合使用时，在pH为约5时将MTZ的溶解度协同地增加至1 % 。 When this concentration of niacin and 0.5% of the BCD (this concentration can only increase the water solubility of MTZ 0.1X, to achieve lj0.8X) in combination, at a pH of about 5 when the MTZ solubility synergistically increased to 1 %.上述发明的各种改进对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的。 Various modifications to the present invention described above will be apparent to the skilled person.例如，可以使用l种以上的环糊精，如jS-环糊精和羟丙基/3-环糊精。 For example, l or more kinds may be used cyclodextrins, such as hydroxypropyl cyclodextrins and jS- / 3- cyclodextrin.类似地，第二溶解度增强剂可以是多种溶解度增强剂，如烟酸和烟酰胺。 Similarly, the second solubility enhancing agent may be of various solubility enhancing agent, such as niacin and niacinamide.此等改进都应包括在以下权利要求书所限定的范围内。 These improvements should be included within the scope defined by the following claims range.

Claims (49)

Translated from Chinese

1. 在5℃下物理稳定至少1周的水溶液，其包含甲硝唑、为β-环糊精的第一溶解度增强剂、以及为烟酸或烟酰胺的第二溶解度增强剂，其中甲硝唑在该溶液中的浓度为大于0.75重量％。 1. In an aqueous solution at 5 ℃ physically stable for at least 1 week, which comprises metronidazole, a first solubility enhancing agent β- cyclodextrin and a second solubility enhancing agent is niacin or niacinamide, wherein metronidazole azole concentration in the solution is more than 0.75 wt%.

2、 如权利要求1所述的水溶液，其中P-环糊精的浓度为0.5重量X 或更高，而烟酰胺或烟酸的浓度为0.5重量％或更高。 2, said aqueous solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of P- cyclodextrin is 0.5 X or more by weight, and the concentration of niacinamide or niacin is 0.5% or more by weight.

3、 如权利要求1所述的水溶液，其中所述第二溶解度增强剂是烟酰胺。 3, an aqueous solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second solubility enhancing agent is niacinamide.

4、 如权利要求1所述的水溶液，其中所述第二溶解度增强剂是烟酸。 4, an aqueous solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second solubility enhancing agent is niacin.

5、 如权利要求1所述的水溶液，其中烟酰胺或烟酸的浓度为lO重量％或更高。 5, said aqueous solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of nicotinic acid or nicotinamide lO wt% or more.

6、 如权利要求1所述的水溶液，其是凝胶。 6, an aqueous solution as claimed in claim 1, which is a gel.

7、 如权利要求1所述的水溶液，其中甲硝唑在该溶液中的浓度为1.0 重量％或更高。 7, said aqueous solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of metronidazole in the solution is 1.0 wt% or more.

8、 制备甲硝唑的浓度大于0.75重量Q^的水溶液的方法，其包括在含水液体中混合甲硝唑、（3-环糊精、以及烟酸或烟酰胺。 8, an aqueous solution, prepared at a concentration greater than 0.75 weight metronidazole Q ^, which comprises mixing metronidazole in an aqueous liquid, (3-cyclodextrin, and niacin or niacinamide.

9、 如权利要求8所述的方法，其中(3-环糊精在所述含水液体中的混合量足以使P-环糊精在溶液中的浓度为0.5重量％或更高，而且该水溶液在5r下储存i周时是物理稳定的。 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the (3-cyclodextrin in an amount of mixing of the aqueous liquid P- sufficient concentration of cyclodextrin in the solution is 0.5 wt% or more, and the aqueous solution i weeks when stored at 5r are physically stable.

10、 如权利要求8所述的方法，其中在将P-环糊精和烟酸或烟酰胺溶解在含水液体中之后，向该含水液体中添加甲硝唑。 10. A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein after the P- cyclodextrin was dissolved and niacin or niacinamide in an aqueous liquid, the aqueous liquid is added to metronidazole.

11、 如权利要求8所述的方法，其进一步包括在混合甲硝唑、卩-环糊精、和烟酸或烟酰胺之后，添加凝胶剂。 11. A method as claimed in claim 8, further comprising mixing metronidazole, Jie - after cyclodextrin, and niacin or niacinamide, adding a gelling agent.

14、 根据如权利要求8 — 13之一所述的方法制备的水溶液。 14, according to as claimed in claim 8 - The method of preparing an aqueous solution of one of the 13.

15、 增加甲硝唑在水溶液中的溶解度的方法，其包括在含水液体中混合甲硝哇、P-环糊精、以及烟酸或烟酰胺。 15, a method of increasing the solubility of metronidazole in an aqueous solution, comprising wow, P- cyclodextrin, and niacin or niacinamide in an aqueous liquid mixture of metronidazole.

16、 如权利要求15所述的方法，其中P-环糊精在所述液体中的浓度为0.5重量％或更高，而烟酰胺或烟酸在所述液体中的浓度为1.0重量％ 或更高。 16. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the concentration of P- cyclodextrin in the liquid is 0.5 wt% or more, and the concentration of nicotinamide or nicotinic acid in the liquid is 1.0 wt% or higher.

17、 如权利要求15所述的方法，其中所述水溶液为凝胶。 17. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein said aqueous solution is a gel.

18、 如权利要求15所述的方法，其包括在所述含水液体中混合烟酰胺。 18. The method as claimed in claim 15, which comprises mixing in the nicotinamide aqueous liquid.

19、 如权利要求15所述的方法，其包括在所述含水液体中混合烟酸。 19. The method according to claim 15, which comprises mixing the acid in the aqueous liquid.

20、 如权利要求15所述的方法，其中甲硝唑的溶解度增加至0.75 重量％或更高。 20. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the solubility of metronidazole increases to 0.75 wt% or more.

21、 如权利要求15所述的方法，其中甲硝唑的溶解度增加至1.0重量％或更高。 21. The method according to claim 15, wherein the solubility of metronidazole increases to 1.0 wt% or more.

22、 增加P-环糊精对甲硝唑在含水液体中的溶解度的增强作用的方法，其包括在该含水液体中使烟酸或烟酰胺与(3-环糊精混合。 22, P- cyclodextrin method of increasing the solubility of metronidazole in the enhancement of the aqueous liquid, comprising niacin or niacinamide (3-cyclodextrin is mixed with the aqueous liquid manipulation.

23、 如权利要求22所述的方法，其中P-环糊精在所述液体中的浓度为0.5重量％或更高，而烟酰胺或烟酸的浓度为1.0重量％或更高。 23. The method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the concentration of P- cyclodextrin in the liquid is 0.5 wt% or more, and the concentration of niacinamide or niacin is 1.0 wt% or more.

24、 如权利要求22所述的方法，其中使烟酸在所述含水液体中与p-环糊精混合。 24. The method as claimed in claim 22, wherein that the acid is mixed with p- cyclodextrin in said aqueous liquid.

25、 如权利要求22所述的方法，其中使烟酰胺在所述含水液体中与P-环糊精混合。 25. The method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the nicotinamide P- cyclodextrin is mixed with the aqueous liquid.

27、 如权利要求26所述的溶液，其中(3-环糊精在该溶液中的浓度为0.5重量％或更高。 27, a solution as claimed in claim 26, wherein (3- cyclodextrin concentration in the solution is 0.5 wt% or more.

28、 如权利要求26所述的溶液，其中P-环糊精在该溶液中的浓度为1重量％或更高。 28, a solution as claimed in claim 26, wherein the concentration of P- cyclodextrin in the solution is 1 wt% or more.

29、 如权利要求26所述的溶液，其是含水凝胶溶液。 29, a solution as claimed in claim 26, which is an aqueous gel solution.

30、 制备包含甲硝唑的水溶液的方法，其包括在含水液体中混合甲硝唑、p-环糊精、以及烟酰胺或烟酸，其中烟酰胺或烟酸在所述含水液体中的混合量足以使(3-环糊精在5"C下的溶解浓度大于0.5重量％。 30, a method of preparing an aqueous solution comprising metronidazole, which comprises mixing metronidazole, p-cyclodextrin, and niacin or niacinamide in an aqueous liquid, wherein the mixing in the nicotinamide or niacin in an aqueous liquid an amount sufficient to (3- cyclodextrin is dissolved at a concentration of 5 "C is greater than 0.5 wt%.

31、 如权利要求30所述的方法，其中所述水溶液包含浓度大于0.5 重量％的(3-环糊精。 31. The method as claimed in claim 30, wherein said aqueous solution comprises a (3-cyclodextrin concentration of greater than 0.5% by weight.

32、 如权利要求30所述的方法，其中所述水溶液包含浓度大于0.5 重量％的(3-环糊精以及烟酰胺，并且在5'C下1周中是物理稳定的。 32. The method according to claim 30, wherein said aqueous solution comprises a (3-cyclodextrin and nicotinamide concentrations greater than 0.5% by weight, and is physically stable for 1 week at 5'C.

33、 如权利要求30所述的方法，其中所述水溶液是含水凝胶溶液。 33. The method as claimed in claim 30, wherein said aqueous solution is an aqueous gel solution.

34、 用于治疗皮肤或粘膜疾病的药盒，其包括容器以及在所述容器中的包含甲硝唑、p-环糊精、和烟酸或烟酰胺的水溶液，其中甲硝唑在所述溶液中的浓度高于0.75重量Q^。 34, a kit for the treatment of skin or mucosal disorders comprising a container and comprising metronidazole in the container, and p-cyclodextrin, and niacin or niacinamide in an aqueous solution, wherein the metronidazole concentration in the solution is higher than 0.75 wt Q ^.

35、 如权利要求34所述的药盒，其中P-环糊精的浓度为0.5重量％ 或更高，而烟酰胺或烟酸的浓度为1.0重量％或更高。 35. The kit according to claim 34, wherein the concentration of P- cyclodextrin is 0.5 wt% or more, and the concentration of niacinamide or niacin is 1.0 wt% or more.

36、 如权利要求34所述的药盒，其中甲硝唑的浓度为1%或更高。 36. The kit according to claim 34, wherein the concentration of metronidazole is 1% or higher.

37、 如权利要求34所述的药盒，其中所述水溶液是凝胶。 37. A kit as claimed in claim 34, wherein said aqueous solution is a gel.

38、 含甲硝唑的水溶液在制备用于治疗皮肤或粘膜疾病的药物中的应用，其中该水溶液中甲硝唑的浓度高于0.75重量％，并包括P-环糊精和烟酸或烟酰胺，而且该溶液在5'C下储存1周时是物理稳定的。 38, in an aqueous solution containing metronidazole medicament for the treatment of skin or mucosa for the preparation of diseases, wherein the aqueous solution of metronidazole at concentrations above 0.75 wt%, and including nicotinic acid or nicotinamide and P- cyclodextrin amide, and the solution was one week when stored at 5'C are physically stable.

39、 如权利要求38所述的应用，其中(3-环糊精在所述溶液中的浓度为0.5重量％或更高。 39. The use of claim 38, wherein (3- cyclodextrin concentration in the solution is 0.5 wt% or more.

40、 如权利要求38所述的应用，其中甲硝唑的浓度为1%或更高。 40. The use of claim 38, wherein the concentration of metronidazole is 1% or higher.

41、 如权利要求38所述的应用，其中所述疾病是红斑痤疮。 41. The use of claim 38, wherein said disorder is rosacea.

42、 如权利要求38所述的应用，其中所述溶液包括烟酸。 42. The use of claim 38, wherein the solution comprises niacin.

43、 如权利要求38所述的应用，其中所述溶液包含烟酰胺。 43. The use of claim 38, wherein the solution comprises niacinamide.

44、 如权利要求38所述的应用，其中所述水溶液是凝胶。 44. The use of claim 38, wherein said aqueous solution is a gel.

45、 制备包含浓度大于0.5重量％的P-环糊精的水溶液的方法，其包括在含水液体中混合|3-环糊精和烟酰胺或烟酸，其中烟酰胺或烟酸在该含水液体中的混合量足以使P-环糊精在5"C下的溶解浓度大于0.5重量%。 45, the method comprising preparing an aqueous solution of P- cyclodextrin concentration of greater than 0.5 wt%, comprising mixing in an aqueous liquid | 3- cyclodextrin and nicotinamide or nicotinic acid, nicotinamide or nicotinic acid wherein the aqueous liquid the mixing amount sufficient to dissolve the cyclodextrin concentration in the P- 5 "C is greater than 0.5 wt%.

46、 如权利要求45所述的方法，其中所述包含浓度大于0.5重量％ 的(3-环糊精以及烟酰胺或烟酸的水溶液在5'C下1周是物理稳定的。 46. ​​The method as claimed in claim 45, wherein said containing (3-cyclodextrin, and niacin or niacinamide in an aqueous solution of concentration greater than 0.5 wt% are physically stable 1 week at 5'C.

47、 如权利要求45所述的方法，其中所述水溶液是含水凝胶溶液。 47. The method according to claim 45, wherein said aqueous solution is an aqueous gel solution.

48、 如权利要求45所述的方法，其中烟酸或烟酰胺在所述水溶液中的浓度为0.5重量％或更高。 48. The method as claimed in claim 45, wherein the concentration of nicotinamide or nicotinic acid in the aqueous solution is 0.5 wt% or more.

49、如权利要求45所述的方法，其中烟酸或烟酰胺在所述水溶液中的浓度为1.0重量％或更高。 49. The method as claimed in claim 45, wherein the concentration of nicotinamide or nicotinic acid in the aqueous solution is 1.0 wt% or more.