Your phone is part Android and part Google, and probably part Samsung

The software on every Android phone is different because it comes from several different places.

This is a question that pops up from time to time, but because the Google Pixel ships with different apps and services — namely Google Assistant — than other phones it's become a little more frequent. We saw the same thing when Google Wallet first appeared, and we'll see it again when the next phone from Google has something others don't.

People get a little confused — rightfully so — about what comes with Android and what apps and services are from Google or Samsung or any other company. In other words, why do I have this app and not this app? Not everyone keeps up to date on mobile tech, so if you're coming from an iPhone where there are four or five different models to choose from but even last year's models have the same software on them you might expect it to be the same way on Android.

Android comes in lots of flavors.

To answer that, you need to remember how Android is distributed to the people who make our phones.

Android isn't a thing that can be wrapped up and given or sold to a company to install. Companies like Samsung have access to the code itself and can build it into almost anything they want. As long as the final product meets the criteria given by Google to make sure it's compatible with applications built for its version, Samsung can have at it with the rest and add to it. That's why Android is so different when you compare phones from one company to phones from another.

Google adds software to Android

But a good bit of Android is still the same, even if the icons and colors are changed. That's because there are specific apps — both part of the source code as well as apps made by Google for their web services which are not part of Android's code but needed to get permission to use Google's Play Store — which also isn't part of the Android code. These are what we call "Google Apps." They are made so you can use Google's products and services on the phone, and they are there for two reasons.

Google adds a few bloatware apps, too.

The first is because some of them need to be installed on every single phone to make sure all the apps in Google Play will work. Even if you never open it, you need a few apps like Chrome installed on your LG V20 or whatever phone you have to make sure it can run apps from the Play Store. The other is that these are the services Google wants you to be able to use out of the box. Google gets it's way here because it's an all or nothing agreement — if you want the phone you're making to be able to use the Play Store, you have to also include these other apps. At least for now, because the EU doesn't like that (and maybe they are right).

The actual agreement about what apps need to be there and what ones don't can change from time to time but some are always part of it:

Gmail

Google Calendar

Chrome

Google Search

Google Talkback

Various apps needed to synchronize all these services

Every phone that has the Google Play Store preinstalled will have these core apps. The model or version doesn't matter. Some are necessary, others are there because Google just wants us to see them. And many of them aren't part of the Andriod code so won't be available for phones built without Google Play Store access.

The company who made your phone is next

The next step is the people who made your phone adding their software or the apps a wireless carrier requests installed. These are included for the same reasons Google apps are. Some of them are essential so things on the phone can work. Others are for services and apps they want you to be able to use right away. And there can be a lot of differences here.

Samsung adds a ton of features and apps to help use them.

Using Samsung as our example again, a very high-end phone like the Galaxy S7 edge or the new Galaxy S8 we expect to see soon will have exclusive features, Right now, these are Samsung's best phones and they want you to think they are worth the cost when compared to other models that are cheaper. Verizon (or AT&T or any other wireless company) does exactly the same thing and has some apps put in place to make sure you see them right away or to help you pay your bill.

Of course, none of these apps go along with Android. All of these apps belong to Samsung and Verizon (in our example) respectively. Models made for specific regions and models made for different carriers can vary a little bit. But this is how the people who made the phone and the people who sell the phone want it to be, and they are really choosy. They want you to be a happy customer and try to offer a mix of features and apps so that there is something there everyone will like,

But what about Google Assistant!

This same process applies to phones sold by Google. Every Nexus Phone and every Pixel phone have all had the core apps from Google to be compatible and to make sure you see an app like Gmail so you don't go looking for a replacement. Sometimes we see a phone sold by Google with an exclusive app from Google. Like Google Assistant.

Google Assistant is there because Google thinks that some people will find it a reason to buy their phone instead of somebody else's, and probably because it is so much easier to deploy on a phone that they can update directly and isn't going to sell tens of millions of units, Slower sales mean far fewer chances for a particular bug to affect as many people.

Google uses Assistant as a selling point for the pixel, but it's also branching out.

We've already seen Google Assistant announced as coming to Android TV and Android Wear. Companies like NVIDIA and Sony and LG will have it in their 2017 lineup. There is no word from Google about Assistant becoming available for any other phone including their own Nexus 6P. Some of us here at Android Central are pretty sure it will because Google loves data. My guess is that they will try to get it into the Play Store eventually so hundreds of millions of people have a chance to use it.

This can all be a bit confusing if you're used to iOS or even Windows or BlackBerry. It gets even more confusing when you see different phones on different versions of Android and they have different features. But it's also a reason so many people prefer an Android phone. There are so many choices that one of them will be what you're looking for.

Even though Google is the primary developer of Android, some parts of the AOSP codebase may be developed by members of the OHA.

One example is RRO or Runtime Resource Overlay, developed by Sony and was contributed to the AOSP codebase in 2014. Although Google and many OEMs have yet to take advantage of it for theming, if you've ever used Substratum on a rooted Nexus, that's the part it uses.

The average iOS users tend not to be into technology and certainly not Tech blog readers and therefore don't care about android. They don't even think about it. In their mind, Apple is the best that can be offered. They find it simple to operate and works for them even though they might complain about certain limitations like: filling up their storage with photos and wondering what to do about it. They immediately look at a Samsung phone and figure it's inferior and that you are poor.

Yep I agree. I have recommended the iPhone to tons of people who were often concused using Android phones. They are now very happy with their iPhone. I think to be an Android user hmm unfortunately you gotta understand what android is, otherwise you'll be asking lots of questions about things that just don't make sense.

You can just show them the different features each phone has. iPhone users are used to paying top dollar for phones so they may think only expensive phones are considered good, but you can show them that over here in the Android world, you don't need to do that to get a good device.

With the HTC 10, I actually miss the discontinued HTC (music, keyboard, gallery, etc.) apps; I sideloaded those that were available, though. I like most Google apps, but prefer some of HTC's. I'd rather have duplicate apps, which lots of people seem to complain about, rather than fewer options. Ideally, I would like to uninstall unwanted apps from the OEM, carrier, and Google, except those that are vital to operation and performance, of course.

You answered the question yourself, very well. Duplicate apps are fine for the sake of choice, if you can COMPLETELY UNINSTALL what you don't want or use. Which is not normally the case, hence the problem with a sea of duplicate apps.

Some manufacturers and carrier apps are very good. Why not make them optional to the user to install - let the application stand for itself... Whether it's good or bad on a certain carrier or region let the user decide to keep it or not... not going to happen.

Unfortunately it appears the Android phone market is sincerely being divided into specific ecosystems and this is hardening. Old news. Like Ford or GMC, both work but aftermarket parts don't necessarily work on both platforms...

My biggest issue in all of this is carriers removing or crippling features or capabilities that would be of benefit to their user's in order to try and push their own substandard, usually costly services.

Samsung is the one Android OEM (based on sales volume), that could tell the carriers- No, you are not altering our phone. Does that happen? Hell no, they roll over and submit to anything each and every individual major carrier wants.

If Samsung actually took the stance and told the carrier's NO, do you think that any of the big 4 carriers would pass on having the S8 for sale? Once again, hell no they wouldn't.

I came to the Android mobile network because of the multitude of apps available.

Some developers - I think - initially develop to the core Google release - be it on the Nexus or Pilxel line - and then adapt their code to the individual phone makers and carriers changes that were made to that initial release to make sure their application works - sometimes this is per phone.

That / this is where it gets frustrating for me... I - want - my - phone - and - software - to - work - throughout - it's - lifecycle.

I'm a bit dramatic here... But I'm sincerely tired of the BLOAT everyone puts on top of Google's release.

My wife loves her 7 Edge. She won't wonder and try to find any other apps than what's initially on her phone. So she is happy with what she has...

I guess you find the 'ecosystem' that works for you and learn to stay within it.

Me, fundamentally I like pure, simple, stable and frequency of updates... Pixel or Apple for me...

IMO almost all Samsung apps are better than their google equivalents. The only samsung app that I've always hated is the Galaxy Apps Store. This constant focus on everything being in the cloud/using data to access really ruins the smartphone experience for me.

I was using Windows mobile from 5.5 days. Ave the best one is in Windows 7/8/10 that all bloatware can be uninstalled. That's the best part. No other OS let's you do that. Now I'm on an s6 and I miss that. Also if you root and remove an app it won't come back after resetting which never happened on old Windows mobile. Now I'm looking for which phone or platform to buybuy.