Note: In many cases, an incomplete version of the code for an amendment is present in previous versions of the software. The "Introduced" version in the table above is the first stable version. The value "TBD" indicates that the amendment is not yet considered stable.

Checks

Amendment ID

Status

157D2D480E006395B76F948E3E07A45A05FE10230D88A7993C71F97AE4B1F2D1

Planned

Introduces "Checks" to the XRP Ledger. Checks work similarly to personal paper checks. The sender signs a transaction to create a Check for a specific maximum amount and destination. Later, the destination can cash the Check to receive up to the specified amount. The actual movement of money only occurs when the Check is cashed, so cashing the Check may fail depending on the sender's current balance and the available liquidity. If cashing the Check fails, the Check object remains in the ledger so it may be successfully cashed later.

The sender or the receiver can cancel a Check at any time before it is cashed. A Check can also have an expiration time, after which it cannot be cashed, and anyone can cancel it.

Introduces three new transaction types: CheckCreate, CheckCancel, and CheckCash, and a new ledger object type, Check. Adds a new transaction result code, tecEXPIRED, which occurs when trying to create a Check whose expiration time is in the past.

This amendment also changes the OfferCreate transaction to return tecEXPIRED when trying to create an Offer whose expiration time is in the past. Without this amendment, an OfferCreate whose expiration time is in the past returns tesSUCCESS but does not create or execute an Offer.

CryptoConditions

Amendment ID

Status

1562511F573A19AE9BD103B5D6B9E01B3B46805AEC5D3C4805C902B514399146

Enabled

Although this amendment is enabled, it has no effect unless the SusPay amendment is also enabled. Ripple does not expect SusPay to become enabled. Instead, Ripple plans to incorporate crypto-conditions in the Escrow amendment.

Caution: This amendment is still in development. The version from rippled v0.60.0 to present does not implement the full functionality.

DepositAuth

Amendment ID

Status

F64E1EABBE79D55B3BB82020516CEC2C582A98A6BFE20FBE9BB6A0D233418064

Enabled

Adds a new account flag, DepositAuth, which lets an account strictly reject any incoming money from transactions sent by other accounts. Businesses can use this flag to comply with strict regulations that require due diligence before receiving money from any source.

When an account enables this flag, Payment transactions fail if the account is the destination, regardless of whether the Payment would have delivered XRP or an issued currency. EscrowFinish and PaymentChannelClaim transactions fail if the account is the destination unless the destination account itself sends those transactions. If the Checks amendment is enabled, the account can receive XRP or issued currencies by sending CheckCash transactions.

As an exception, accounts with DepositAuth enabled can receive Payment transactions for small amounts of XRP (equal or less than the minimum account reserve) if their current XRP balance is below the account reserve.

Also fixes a bug in the EscrowCreate and PaymentChannelCreate transactions where they mistakenly enforced the DisallowXRP flag, which is meant to be a non-binding advisory flag. (By not enforcing DisallowXRP in the ledger itself an account can still receive the necessary XRP to meet its account reserve and pay transaction costs.)

Caution: This amendment is in development and is expected for rippled v0.90.0.

EnforceInvariants

Amendment ID

Status

DC9CA96AEA1DCF83E527D1AFC916EFAF5D27388ECA4060A88817C1238CAEE0BF

Enabled

Adds sanity checks to transaction processing to ensure that certain conditions are always met. This provides an extra, independent layer of protection against bugs in transaction processing that could otherwise cause exploits and vulnerabilities in the XRP Ledger. Ripple expects to add more invariant checks in future versions of rippled without additional amendments.

Introduces two new transaction error codes, tecINVARIANT_FAILED and tefINVARIANT_FAILED. Changes transaction processing to add the new checks.

Examples of invariant checks:

The total amount of XRP destroyed by a transaction must match the transaction cost exactly.

Escrow

Provides "suspended payments" for XRP for escrow within the XRP Ledger, including support for Interledger Protocol Crypto-Conditions. Creates a new ledger object type for suspended payments and new transaction types to create, execute, and cancel suspended payments.

FeeEscalation

Amendment ID

Status

42426C4D4F1009EE67080A9B7965B44656D7714D104A72F9B4369F97ABF044EE

Enabled

Changes the way the transaction cost applies to proposed transactions. Modifies the consensus process to prioritize transactions that pay a higher transaction cost.

This amendment introduces a fixed-size transaction queue for transactions that were not able to be included in the previous consensus round. If the rippled servers in the consensus network are under heavy load, they queue the transactions with the lowest transaction cost for later ledgers. Each consensus round prioritizes transactions from the queue with the largest transaction cost (Fee value), and includes as many transactions as the consensus network can process. If the transaction queue is full, transactions drop from the queue entirely, starting with the ones that have the lowest transaction cost.

While the consensus network is under heavy load, legitimate users can pay a higher transaction cost to make sure their transactions get processed. The situation persists until the entire backlog of cheap transactions is processed or discarded.

A transaction remains in the queue until one of the following happens:

It gets applied to a validated ledger (regardless of success or failure)

It gets dropped because there are too many transactions in the queue with a higher transaction cost.

fix1201

Amendment ID

Status

B4D44CC3111ADD964E846FC57760C8B50FFCD5A82C86A72756F6B058DDDF96AD

Enabled

Correctly implements a limit on transfer fees to a 100% fee, represented by a maximum TransferRate value of 2000000000. (A 100% fee in this case means you must send 2 units of the issued currency for every 1 unit you want to deliver.) Without the amendment, the effective limit is a TransferRate value of 232-1, for approximately a 329% fee.

With this amendment enabled, an AccountSet transaction that attempts to set TransferRate higher than 2000000000 fails with the result code temBAD_TRANSFER_RATE. Any existing TransferRate which was set to a higher value under the previous rules continues to apply at the higher rate.

fix1368

Amendment ID

Status

E2E6F2866106419B88C50045ACE96368558C345566AC8F2BDF5A5B5587F0E6FA

Enabled

Fixes a minor bug in transaction processing that causes some payments to fail when they should be valid. Specifically, during payment processing, some payment steps that are expected to produce a certain amount of currency may produce a microscopically different amount, due to a loss of precision related to floating-point number representation. When this occurs, those payments fail because they cannot deliver the exact amount intended. The fix1368 amendment corrects transaction processing so payments can no longer fail in this manner.

fix1373

Amendment ID

Status

42EEA5E28A97824821D4EF97081FE36A54E9593C6E4F20CBAE098C69D2E072DC

Enabled

Fixes a minor bug in transaction processing that causes failures when trying to prepare certain payment paths for processing. As a result, payments could not use certain paths that should have been valid but were invalidly prepared. Without this amendment, those payments are forced to use less-preferable paths or may even fail.

The fix1373 amendment corrects the issue so that the paths are properly prepared and payments can use them. It also disables some inappropriate paths that are currently allowed, including paths whose steps include conflicting fields and paths that loop through the same object more than once.

fix1512

Amendment ID

Status

6C92211186613F9647A89DFFBAB8F94C99D4C7E956D495270789128569177DA1

Enabled

Fixes a bug in transaction processing that causes some invalid PaymentChannelClaim transactions to fail with the wrong error code. Without this amendment, the transactions have a tec-class result code despite not being included in a ledger and therefore not paying the transaction cost.

With this amendment, the transactions fail with a more appropriate result code, temBAD_AMOUNT, instead.

fix1513

Amendment ID

Status

67A34F2CF55BFC0F93AACD5B281413176FEE195269FA6D95219A2DF738671172

Enabled

Fixes a bug that resulted in transaction processing not using new STAmountCalcSwitchovers code when the FeeEscalation amendment is enabled.

With this amendment, the new STAmountCalcSwitchovers code applies, which may cause slight changes to transaction processing due to calculation differences. Amounts may be rounded differently and offers may be executed in a different order as a result.

fix1523

Amendment ID

Status

B9E739B8296B4A1BB29BE990B17D66E21B62A300A909F25AC55C22D6C72E1F9D

Enabled

Adds tracking by destination account to escrows. Without this amendment, pending escrows are only tracked by sender. This amendment makes it possible to look up pending escrows by the destination address using the account_objects command, excluding any pending escrows that were created before this amendment became enabled. This amendment also makes EscrowCreate transactions appear in the destination's transaction history, as viewed with the account_tx command.

With this amendment, new escrows are added to the owner directories of both the sender and receiver. This amendment also adds a new DestinationNode field to Escrow ledger objects, indicating which page of the destination's owner directory contains the escrow.

fix1528

Amendment ID

Status

1D3463A5891F9E589C5AE839FFAC4A917CE96197098A1EF22304E1BC5B98A454

Enabled

Fixes a bug where validators could build consensus ledgers with different timestamps, potentially delaying the process of declaring validated ledgers. The circumstances for this to occur require precise timing, so validators are unlikely to encounter this bug outside of controlled test conditions.

This amendment changes how validators negotiate the close time of the consensus ledger so that they cannot reach a consensus on ledger contents but build ledger versions with different timestamps.

Flow

Amendment ID

Status

740352F2412A9909880C23A559FCECEDA3BE2126FED62FC7660D628A06927F11

Enabled

Replaces the payment processing engine with a more robust and efficient rewrite called the Flow engine. The new version of the payment processing engine is intended to follow the same rules as the old one, but occasionally produces different results due to floating point rounding. This Amendment supersedes the FlowV2 amendment.

The Flow Engine also makes it easier to improve and expand the payment engine with further Amendments.

FlowCross

Amendment ID

Status

3012E8230864E95A58C60FD61430D7E1B4D3353195F2981DC12B0C7C0950FFAC

Released but not enabled

Streamlines the offer crossing logic in the XRP Ledger's decentralized exchange. Uses the updated code from the Flow amendment to power offer crossing, so OfferCreate transactions and Payment transactions share more code. This has subtle differences in how offers are processed:

Rounding is slightly different in some cases.

Due to differences in rounding, some combinations of offers may be ranked higher or lower than by the old logic, and taken preferentially.

The new logic may delete more or fewer offers than the old logic. (This includes cases caused by differences in rounding and offers that were incorrectly removed as unfunded by the old logic.)

This amendment allows addresses to have a list of signers who can authorize transactions from that address in a multi-signature. The list has a quorum and 1 to 8 weighted signers. This allows various configurations, such as "any 3-of-5" or "signature from A plus any other two signatures."

Signers can be funded or unfunded addresses. Funded addresses in a signer list can sign using a regular key (if defined) or master key (unless disabled). Unfunded addresses can sign with a master key. Multi-signed transactions have the same permissions as transactions signed with a regular key.

An address with a SignerList can disable the master key even if a regular key is not defined. An address with a SignerList can also remove a regular key even if the master key is disabled. The tecMASTER_DISABLED transaction result code is renamed tecNO_ALTERNATIVE_KEY. The tecNO_REGULAR_KEY transaction result is retired and replaced with tecNO_ALTERNATIVE_KEY. Additionally, this amendment adds the following new transaction result codes:

temBAD_SIGNER

temBAD_QUORUM

temBAD_WEIGHT

tefBAD_SIGNATURE

tefBAD_QUORUM

tefNOT_MULTI_SIGNING

tefBAD_AUTH_MASTER

OwnerPaysFee

Amendment ID

Status

9178256A980A86CF3D70D0260A7DA6402AAFE43632FDBCB88037978404188871

In development

Fixes an inconsistency in the way transfer fees are calculated between OfferCreate and Payment transaction types. Without this amendment, the holder of the issuances pays the transfer fee if an offer is executed in offer placement, but the initial sender of a transaction pays the transfer fees for offers that are executed as part of payment processing. With this amendment, the holder of the issuances always pays the transfer fee, regardless of whether the offer is executed as part of a Payment or an OfferCreate transaction. Offer processing outside of payments is unaffected.

Note: An incomplete version of this amendment was introduced in v0.33.0 and removed in v0.80.0. (It was never enabled.) Ripple plans to re-add the amendment when the code is stable enough.

PayChan

Amendment ID

Status

08DE7D96082187F6E6578530258C77FAABABE4C20474BDB82F04B021F1A68647

Enabled

Creates "Payment Channels" for XRP. Payment channels are a tool for facilitating repeated, unidirectional payments or temporary credit between two parties. Ripple expects this feature to be useful for the Interledger Protocol. One party creates a Payment Channel and sets aside some XRP in that channel for a predetermined expiration. Then, through off-ledger secure communications, the sender can send "Claim" messages to the receiver. The receiver can redeem the Claim messages before the expiration, or choose not to in case the payment is not needed. The receiver can verify Claims individually without actually distributing them to the network and waiting for the consensus process to redeem them, then redeem the batched content of many small Claims later, as long as it is within the expiration.

SHAMapV2

Amendment ID

Status

C6970A8B603D8778783B61C0D445C23D1633CCFAEF0D43E7DBCD1521D34BD7C3

Released but not enabled

Changes the hash tree structure that rippled uses to represent a ledger. The new structure is more compact and efficient than the previous version. This affects how ledger hashes are calculated, but has no other user-facing consequences.

When this amendment is activated, the XRP Ledger will undergo a brief scheduled unavailability while the network calculates the changes to the hash tree structure.

SortedDirectories

Amendment ID

Status

CC5ABAE4F3EC92E94A59B1908C2BE82D2228B6485C00AFF8F22DF930D89C194E

Enabled

Sorts the entries in DirectoryNode ledger objects and fixes a bug that occasionally caused pages of owner directories not to be deleted when they should have been.

Warning: Older versions of rippled that do not know about this amendment may crash when they encounter a DirectoryNode sorted by the new rules. To avoid this problem, upgrade to rippled version 0.80.0 or later.

SusPay

Amendment ID

Status

DA1BD556B42D85EA9C84066D028D355B52416734D3283F85E216EA5DA6DB7E13

Enabled on TestNet; not intended for production.

This amendment is currently enabled on the Ripple Test Net. In production, Ripple expects to enable similar functionality with the Escrow amendment instead.

Tickets

Amendment ID

Status

C1B8D934087225F509BEB5A8EC24447854713EE447D277F69545ABFA0E0FD490

In development

Introduces Tickets as a way to reserve a transaction sequence number for later execution. Creates the Ticket ledger object type and the transaction types TicketCreate and TicketCancel.

Caution: This amendment is still in development.

TickSize

Amendment ID

Status

532651B4FD58DF8922A49BA101AB3E996E5BFBF95A913B3E392504863E63B164

Enabled

Changes the way Offers are ranked in order books, so that currency issuers can configure how many significant digits are taken into account when ranking Offers by exchange rate. With this amendment, the exchange rates of Offers are rounded to the configured number of significant digits, so that more Offers have the same exact exchange rate. The intent of this change is to require a meaningful improvement in price to outrank a previous Offer. If used by major issuers, this should reduce the incentive to spam the ledger with Offers that are only a tiny fraction of a percentage point better than existing offers. It may also increase the efficiency of order book storage in the ledger, because Offers can be grouped into fewer exchange rates.

Introduces a TickSize field to accounts, which can be set with the AccountSet transaction type. If a currency issuer sets the TickSize field, the XRP Ledger truncates the exchange rate (ratio of funds in to funds out) of Offers to trade the issuer's currency, and adjusts the amounts of the Offer to match the truncated exchange rate. If only one currency in the trade has a TickSize set, that number of significant digits applies. When trading two currencies that have different TickSize values, whichever TickSize indicates the fewest significant digits applies. XRP does not have a TickSize.