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China

China officially known as the People's Republic of China is a large country in East Asia (about the same size as the United States ) with largest population in the world. China is bordered by 14 countries, Afghanistan , Pakistan , India , Nepal , Bhutan, Myanmar , Laos and Vietnam in the south, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan in the west, Russia and Mongolia in the north and North Korea in the east. This number of China's neighbors is on par with its giant neighbor in the north, Russia.

The capital is Beijing . The largest city and the financial economic center is Shanghai . It is the world's most populous country with 1.34 billion people surveyed in 2010.

Although it is often represented as a monolithic and uniform country, China is a world in itself. Hundreds of cultures converge in this country, which stretches from the steppes of Central Asia to the Gobi desert , the snowy heights of the Himalayas and the humid areas of the southwest. China boasts of its advanced millenarian culture, which not only invented paper and gunpowder, but also gave rise to imposing structures such as the Great Wall of China or the Forbidden City .

Despite the respect they have for their traditional culture, modernity and economic openness have shaken China, implementing an accelerated development that is reflected in the increasingly imposing skyscrapers that grow in major cities. Beijing , Shanghai , Guangzhou and several other cities have changed their face giving way to a life closer to the Western world, but still retaining characteristics of traditional China.

Visiting China is a duty of every good traveler; However, to believe that one can know it completely is simply an illusion. There are as many destinations of interest in the country as there are inhabitants, so there will always be something to visit.

China has many large and famous cities. Below is a list of the nine most important to travellers in mainland China. Other cities are listed under their specific regional section. See the Dynasties and capitals section for a detailed list of China's many previous capitals.

Beijing (北京) — the capital, cultural centre, and host of the 2008 OlympicsGuangzhou (广州) — one of the most prosperous and liberal cities in the south, near Hong Kong

Li River near GuilinGuilin (桂林) — popular destination for both Chinese and foreign tourists with sensational mountain and river sceneryHangzhou (杭州) — famously beautiful city and major centre for the silk industryKunming (昆明) — capital of Yunnan and gateway to a rainbow of ethnic minority areasNanjing (南京) — a renowned historical and cultural city with many historic sitesShanghai (上海) — famous for its riverside cityscape, a major commercial centre with many shopping opportunitiesSuzhou (苏州) — "Venice of the East," an ancient city famous for canals and gardens just west of ShanghaiXi'an (西安) — the oldest city and ancient capital of China, capital of 13 dynasties including the Han and the Tang, terminus of the ancient Silk Road, and home of the terracotta warriorsYou can travel to many of these cities using the new fast trains. In particular, the Hangzhou - Shanghai - Suzhou - Nanjing line is a convenient way to see these historic areas.

Most travelers will need a visa (签证 qiānzhèng) to visit mainland China. In most cases, this should be obtained from a Chinese embassy or consulate before departure. Citizens from most Western countries do not need visas to visit Hong Kong and Macau for up to 90 days. Those requiring visas for Hong Kong and Macau may obtain them from a Chinese embassy or consulate, but they must be applied for separately from the mainland Chinese visa.

30-day single- or double-entry visas for the mainland can sometimes be acquired in Hong Kong or Macau. This means you can generally fly from overseas to Hong Kong without a visa and then proceed from there into the mainland having spent a few days in Hong Kong to acquire a mainland visa. It may be unwise to rely on this, though, since the official rule is that only residents of HK or Macau can get mainland visas there.

Discount Flights China

The main international gateways to mainland China are Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Other sizeable cities will have an international airport, although options will be usually limited to East Asian and sometimes Southeast Asian destinations. Airline tickets are expensive or hard to come by around Chinese New Year, the Chinese 'golden weeks' and university holidays.China's carriers are growing rapidly. The three largest, and state-owned airlines are national carrier Air China (中国国际航空), as well as China Eastern Airlines (中国东方航空) and China Southern Airlines (中国南方航空), based in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou respectively. Other airlines include Xiamen Airlines (厦门航空), Hainan Airlines (海南航空) and Shenzhen Airlines (深圳航空).

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