View of two men standing in the vulcanizing shop in Cavalier, N.D. There is the front of a car on the left, and a door into a back room. A work bench, chair, plus lots of tools and machinery fill the room. There are signs on the walls for India Tubes," Every new Tire deserves a new Tube! India Heat Proof, India … inner tube." On the right wall is a calendar that says The Texas Company, Texaco Petroleum Products, August 192-.

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View of two men standing in the vulcanizing shop in Cavalier, N.D. There is the front of a car on the left, and a door into a back room. A work bench, chair, plus lots of tools and machinery fill the room. There are signs on the walls for India Tubes," Every new Tire deserves a new Tube! India Heat Proof, India … inner tube." On the right wall is a calendar that says The Texas Company, Texaco Petroleum Products, August 192-.

In Cavalier, "Warren Campbell had a small two-story building next. Various enterprises were tried there. Mr. Campbell once used the main floor for valcanizing; rubber tires often needed repairs in the old days. ... In the early automotive days, rubber tires often needed to have punctures repaired. This required a process utilizing heat and sulfur or some compound of sulfur to render the rubber non-plastic enabling a patch to adhere to it. Vulcan was the ancient Roman god of fire. ... Tom Freeman had another vulcanizing shop in what later became Mike Hillman's Coast-to-Coast store."