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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Plasmablastic lymphoma is an aggressive neoplasm that shares many cytomorphologic and immunophenotypic features with plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma.

However, plasmablastic lymphoma is listed in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification as a variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

To characterize the relationship between plasmablastic lymphoma and plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma, we performed immunohistochemistry using a large panel of B-cell and plasma cell markers on nine cases of plasmablastic lymphoma and seven cases of plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma with and without HIV/AIDS.

All cases of plasmablastic lymphoma and plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma were positive for MUM1/IRF4, CD138, and CD38, and negative for CD20, corresponding to a plasma cell immunophenotype.

PAX-5 and BCL-6 were weakly positive in 2/9 and 1/5 plasmablastic lymphomas, and negative in all plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas.

Three markers that are often aberrantly expressed in cases of plasma cell myelomas, CD56, CD4 and CD10, were positive in 5/9, 2/5, and 6/9 plasmablastic lymphomas, and in 3/7, 1/5, and 2/7 plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas.

The only significant difference between plasmablastic lymphoma and plasma cell myeloma was the presence of EBV-encoded RNA, which was positive in all plasmablastic lymphoma cases tested and negative in all plasma cell myelomas.

In conclusion, most cases of AIDS-related plasmablastic lymphoma have an immunophenotype and tumor suppressor gene expression profile virtually identical to plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma, and unlike diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

These results do not support the suggestion in the WHO classification that plasmablastic lymphoma is a variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a distinct subtype of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma, originally described with a strong predilection to the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals.

PBL is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma that presents in both oral and extra-oral sites of chronically HIV-infected immunosuppressed young men.

[Number-of-references] 51

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title]Plasmablastic lymphoma involving the parotid gland.

Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Plasmablastic lymphoma has a predilection for the oral cavity.

These findings were diagnostic of plasmablastic lymphoma.

Plasmablastic lymphoma is notoriously difficult to diagnose, particularly when it arises in unexpected sites outside of the oral cavity.

As an aggressive lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a high-grade malignant neoplasm not just in the oral cavity but at non-oral sites including the parotid gland, particularly in an HIV-positive individual.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

BACKGROUND: Plasmablastic lymphoma (PL) is a subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Studies have suggested that tumors with PL morphology represent a group of neoplasms with clinopathologic characteristics corresponding to different entities including extramedullary plasmablastic tumors associated with plasma cell myeloma (PCM).

The goal of the current study was to evaluate the genetic similarities and differences among PL, DLBCL (AIDS-related and non AIDS-related) and PCM using array-based comparative genomic hybridization.

This correlated with segmental gains occurring in high frequency in DLBCL (AIDS-related and non AIDS-related) cases.

There were some segmental gains and some segmental loss that occurred in PL but not in the other types of lymphoma suggesting that these foci may contain genes responsible for the differentiation of this lymphoma.

Additionally, some segmental gains and some segmental loss occurred only in PL and AIDS associated DLBCL suggesting that these foci may be associated with HIV infection.

Furthermore, some segmental gains and some segmental loss occurred only in PL and PCM suggesting that these lesions may be related to plasmacytic differentiation.

The genomic aberration pattern of PL appears to be more similar to that of DLBCL (AIDS-related or non AIDS-related) than to PCM.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] EBV detection in HIV-related oral plasmablastic lymphoma.

OBJECTIVES: Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) of the oral cavity is an aggressive neoplasm derived from B cell, considered to be the second more common among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated malignancies.

As Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been associated with this neoplasm, the aim of the present study was to assess the presence of EBV in 11 cases of oral HIV-related PBL and investigate the controversial issue of the presence of Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) in these tumors.

CONCLUSION: The presence of EBV in all cases studied favors a direct role of this virus in the development of HIV-related PBL, and this finding could be considered when dealing with HIV patients.

We here report a high incidence of KSHV infection in solid HIV-associated immunoblastic/plasmablastic non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs), in patients lacking effusions and without evidence of (prior) MCD.

Within a cohort of 99 HIV-related NHLs, 10 cases were found to be KSHV positive on the basis of immunostaining for KSHV LNA-1 as well as KSHV-specific polymerase chain reaction.

Interestingly, all KSHV-positive cases belonged to a distinctive subgroup of 26 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas characterized by the expression of CD138 (syndecan-1) and plasmablastic/immunoblastic morphology.

Our results indicate that KSHV infection is not restricted to PEL and MCD; it is also common (38%) in HIV-related solid immunoblastic/plasmablastic lymphomas.

The WHO classifies PBL as a variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

However, studies of their immunophenotype and molecular histogenesis suggest that PBL are more closely related to plasma cell neoplasms.

Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor widely used in multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma.

We chose bortezomib based on our patient's poor performance status and immune function, the desire to avoid combination chemotherapy, and translocations involving the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene locus (8;14) similar to those seen in multiple myeloma(4;14, 14;16) and mantle cell lymphoma(11;14).

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(PMID = 27961065.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

The 14th patient who had a nodal disease with more undifferentiated morphology and expression of the HHV8 LNA protein was alive without disease at last follow-up (>72 months), probably representing a novel HHV8(+) lymphoma.

We conclude that most plasmacytic tumors in HIV-positive individuals are extramedullary, clinically aggressive EBV(+) tumors identical to plasmablastic lymphoma that does not have the clinical features of plasma cell myeloma.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity is a form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and was first described in 1997.

We describe a case of plasmablastic lymphoma in an HIV-infected patient who presented with an expanding oral lesion and symptoms of a toothache.

We review all cases of plasmablastic lymphoma that have been reported in the literature.

Plasmablastic lymphoma is strongly associated with immunodeficiency, and most particularly, with HIV infection.

The pathophysiological origin of plasmablastic lymphoma has not been fully characterised, but the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has often been documented in biopsy specimens, supporting a role for EBV in the pathogenesis of this lymphoma.

Infectious disease clinicians should be aware of this newly described and increasingly encountered lymphoma, since it is prominently associated with immunosuppression and may be mistaken for other entities.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Prolonged survival of an HIV-infected patient with plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity.

Plasmablastic lymphoma is an aggressive subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that is mainly observed in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and it tends to arise in the oral cavity.

We present a case of an HIV-infected patient with plasmablastic lymphoma with prolonged survival.

[Title] Recurrent and self-healing cutaneous monoclonal plasmablastic infiltrates in a patient with AIDS and Kaposi sarcoma.

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare variant of diffuse large cell lymphoma that often involves the oral cavity of HIV+ patients.

We report a 44-year-old man with AIDS and Kaposi sarcoma (KS) previously treated with doxorubicin who, following treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy, developed an erythematous infiltrated nodule on the right arm.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization within the plasmablastic cells.

PBL may be seen in patients with transplants or receiving chemotherapy, but is usually observed in patients with advanced AIDS.

The observation of recurrent self-healing EBV- and HHV-8-associated cutaneous monoclonal plasmablastic infiltrates, in a patient with AIDS and KS, expands the clinical spectrum of AIDS-associated plasmablastic lymphoproliferative disorders.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title]Plasmablastic lymphoma of head and neck: report of two new cases and correlation with c-myc and IgVH gene mutation status.

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (AIDS-NHL), with predilection for the mucosa of oral cavity.

It usually has a plasmablastic morphology, expressing plasma cell-associated antigens with weak or absent expression of B-cell-associated markers.

To further define the immunophenotypic and molecular genetics of these tumors, we investigated two cases of plasmablastic lymphomas of the head and neck for c-myc gene rearrangement and immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgV(H)) hypermutation status.

For the first time we report a case of AIDS-related PBL that, by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), shows a c-myc gene rearrangement.

Although current literature suggests that most cases of c-myc gene rearranged AIDS-NHL are Burkitt's lymphoma, our case has an immunophenotype characteristic for PBL.

The concurrent B-cell immunophenotype of BCL-6(-)/CD138(+)/MUM-1(+) also suggests a post-germinal center B-cell origin of this lymphoma.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Plasmablastic lymphoma in a patient with HIV infection: an unusual case located in the skin].

We report the case of a plasmablastic lymphoma involving the skin in a 45 year-old HIV-positive patient.

Plasmablastic lymphoma was first described in 1997 and is considered to be a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with a unique immunophenotype and a predilection for the oral cavity.

A skin biopsy led to the diagnosis of plasmablastic lymphoma in view of the presence of a dense nodular infiltrate invading the dermis and subcutaneous fat composed of large cells that expressed neither the leucocyte common antigen nor the B- and T-cell antigens CD20 and CD3, but which showed a strong immunostaining with plasma cell marker VS38c.

HIV-associated plasmablastic lymphoma is a poor prognosis malignancy that may resist typing due to the lack of expression of commonly used lymphoid markers.

[Title] Minimum diagnostic criteria for plasmablastic lymphoma of oral/sinonasal region encountered in a tertiary cancer hospital of a developing country.

METHODS: Out of 98 total cases of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and plasmacytoma of oral-sinonasal region recorded in our institute over 4 years, 39 cases showing varied plasmablastic differentiation were selected.

CONCLUSIONS: A triad of 'rapidly growing lesion with predilection for oral mucosa, classical plasmablastic morphology and limited immunohistochemical panel' can render a reliable diagnosis of PBL, irrespective of HIV and EBV status, especially in developing countries with limited resources.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title]AIDS-related lymphomas: from pathogenesis to pathology.

The vast majority of these lymphomas are high-grade B-cell lymphomas: Burkitt lymphoma (BL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with centroblastic (CB) features and DLBCL with immunoblastic (IBL) features;.

(2) unusual lymphomas occurring more specifically in HIV-positive patients and include two rare entities, namely 'primary effusion lymphoma' (PEL) and 'plasmablastic lymphoma' of the oral cavity.

[Publication-country] England

[Number-of-references] 53

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title]AIDS-related lymphoproliferative disease.

Not long after the recognition of HIV as the causative agent of AIDS, it was evident that individuals infected with HIV developed lymphoma at a greater rate than the population at large.

Approximately two thirds of AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) cases are categorized as diffuse large B-cell type, with Burkitt lymphomas comprising 25% and other histologies a much smaller proportion.

Coinfection with other viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus have led to the genesis of previously rare or unrecognized lymphoma subtypes such as plasmablastic and primary effusion lymphomas.

[MeSH-major]Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / therapy

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of rituximab adjunction to the cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) regimen in patients with newly diagnosed AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: HIV-seropositive patients with high-grade lymphoma of B-cell origin were eligible if they had no more than one of the following characteristics: CD4 cell count less than 100/microL, prior AIDS, or performance status less than 2.

Eighteen patients died: 16 as a result of lymphoma, one as a result of infection, and one as a result of encephalitis.

CONCLUSION: Rituximab adjunction to CHOP produced a CR rate of 77% and a 2-year survival rate of 75% in patients with AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, without increasing the risk of life-threatening infections.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Among the most common HIV-associated lymphomas are Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with immunoblastic-plasmacytoid differentiation (also involving the central nervous system).

These lymphomas together with BL and DLBCL with immunoblastic-plasmacytoid differentiation frequently carry EBV infection and display a phenotype related to plasma cells.

EBV infection occurs at different rates in different lymphoma types, whereas KSHV is specifically associated with PEL, which usually occurs in the setting of profound immunosuppression.

(2) AIDS lymphomas fall in a spectrum of B-cell differentiation where those associated with EBV or KSHV commonly exhibit plasmablastic differentiation; and (3) prognosis for patients with lymphomas and concomitant HIV infection could be improved using better combined chemotherapy protocols incorporating anticancer treatments and antiretroviral drugs.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

KSHV infection is the causative agent in three different tumor types: Kaposi's sarcoma, a plasmablastic variant of multicentric Castelman's disease and an AIDS-related form of B cell lymphoproliferative disorder called primary effusion lymphoma (PEL).

PEL manifests as an effusion malignancy in Kaposi's sarcoma patients with advanced AIDS, but also occurs in HIV-negative individuals.

[Publication-country] Argentina

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The rarity of primary effusion lymphomas and plasmablastic lymphomas of the oral cavity type makes large prospective studies difficult and challenges the feasibility of defining therapy specific for a given subpopulation of patients.