Property valuers spend years acquiring the skills necessary to accurately assess value in their area of expertise, but there are a few simple principles they employ that can assist anyone in assessing what their next investment might be worth.

Property assessment is not a science beyond the realms of the average investor and while valuers make it their business to know the ins and outs of their markets, a few simple principles can help you ensure that you’re on your way to paying the right price for the right property - right from the get go.

Be realistic and objective – Don’t let your heart rule your head. This is business. Property valuers are a strange mix of scientist and psychologists. They deal with facts and analysis to find a single answer to a question for which there is, in fact, no forgone sharp-end-of-the-stick conclusion. After methodically processing information to assess a figure, they will sit back and ask themselves objectively “Do these figures fit what I know about the market?” So while the difference between a good and a great valuer is often depth of experience, the steps each will take to arrive at their numbers are generally the same.

Research your market – This is the cornerstone of understanding value. Take your time, talk to local agents, go to auctions and jump on the Internet. Informed decisions pay off. Good research is the backbone of assessment. The property being valued is almost always referred to as the subject, and once its address hits your desk, the work begins.

The computer age is a boon to property valuers who can now access online databases to gather everything from copies of the title and registered plan to the purchase and sales history of the subject. Some valuers have even been known to glance at Google Earth to get a top down view of the subject and its surrounds. The more information you can gather before leaving your comfy office chair, the easier your job will be.

Carry out a thorough inspection – Measure the homes dimensions, turn on the taps, look at the stumps and walk the boundary. Look for every positive and negative you can. A valuer sees your house as three interrelated components that make up the property as a whole; the land, the house and the site improvements, or ancillaries, such as landscaping, fencing, pools and the like.

When inspecting the subject the valuer will firstly take in the subject from the outside – what does it look like from the road? Does the block have a good frontage? Is access easy? Is it impacted by road noise, train lines or other surrounding uses?

The next step will usually involve a walk around the house looking at the lay of the land and the type and condition of the ancillaries. Valuers note items such as whether fences need repairing, yards need TLC or if the back of the block slopes away so hard that it is virtually unusable except for abseiling.

Finally an internal inspection will complete the picture. A valuer will walk through each room and take in fitting and features throughout whilst noting the condition and appeal of the home including paintwork, floor coverings and general maintenance. Special attention is paid to the condition of kitchens and bathrooms.

Seek independent information – Estimated projections on rising values and rentals from the organisation selling you the property are worthless. Seek actual information from local independent professionals and try to substantiate any information yourself.

Position, Position and what was the other thing? – Never ignore the basics. If it’s on a train line or next to an arterial road, it will be trouble. Look at the surroundings.

Compare like with like – Try and find comparables as similar as possible to the subject. These will be your beacon. Comparables are other properties that have sold in the market, which will provide a reliable indication of what buyers are willing to pay in a particular area for a certain type property. To be dependable, comparables must be in line with the definition of market value, and to be effective valuers must always try to compare like with like. It is important to note that listings are not comparables. A house may be listed for sale at whatever price the vendor requests. Valuers are not interested in what a property is listed for, only what it sells for. Comparables must be recent, local and as similar as possible to the subject.

Think like a local – If everyone in the street wants lock up car accommodation, make sure the subject doesn’t buck the trend. Check out what the locals want in the area.

Watch for overcapitalisation – A half court tennis court may seem like a good idea, but unless the owner is raising a Hewitt, most buyers will find it next to worthless. Be honest about what an improvement really adds. Similarly, it’s no good trying to fit as many bedrooms as possible into a dwelling at the expense of its functionality. A valuer will quickly dismiss a “bedroom” as a study if it provides the only path between the bathroom and the rest of the house. During the internal inspection, the valuer will also take note of a home’s extra items such as air conditioning, built in wardrobes, security features, ceiling fans and fireplaces. It’s those little added extras that can give a house a step up on the neighbours in the value stakes.

Think Land, Dwelling, and Ancillaries – Breaking down the property into its parts can help you see the whole. Firstly how does the land compare? Look at land size, location, frontage, elevation, ease of access, views and aspect. Consider if there could be any drainage issues. Think about the desirability of the street and the appeal of surrounding land uses. Would the local market, in general, rather live on the subject allotment or the comparable allotment?

Use recent comparables – If you’re using sales from a year ago when the market was booming, you are relying on false evidence. Now that the valuer has thought about each of the comparables components in relation to the subject, they can answer the overriding question - would the market, in general, believe the subject is inferior, similar or superior to the comparable as a whole. If the comparable sold for say $300,000 and the analysis suggests it is inferior, then the subject is most likely worth more than $300,000.

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