Exam 2 Notes - ENGR 111 Exam 2 (Graphics) Linear...

ENGR 111 – Exam 2 (Graphics) Linear Engineering Design Process Steps 1. Problem Definition 2. Exploration of Ideas 3. Design 4. Analysis 5. Refinement and Optimization 6. Implementation • All steps of the Linear Engineering Design Process involve the use of technical graphics. Importance of Engineering Graphics • Communicating Technical Information • Quickly and Accurately Visualizing Objects • Solving Problems • Conducting Analysis Standards and Conventions • Standard  Formal document that institutes a uniform method to perform an action or defines a criterion for a product.  Standards are defined by organizations such as ANSI (American National Standards Institute) responsible for regulating many engineering standards used in the US. • Convention  Methods and criteria used so extensively that they become dominant and generally accepted and adopted by the public.  They are also known as “industry standards” or “de facto standards”.  There are no organizations or formal documents that define conventions.  These conventions can differ between industries or even firms within the same industry. • In the United States, the Y series of the ANSI standards regulate engineering drawings Lettering • The style of engineering lettering we will use in this course is Single Stroke Gothic Lettering . • Each letter should be 1/8” in height . Numerals • Numerals should also be 1/8” in height . • Fractions should be twice normal letter height , but each numeral (numerator and

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denominator) should be shorter than 1/8” to allow space for the vinculum (horizontal line which separates the numerals). Engineering Sketching • Engineering sketches are black and white line drawings with notations expressing design intent. • They should always be signed and dated to verify ownership. • First and foremost, sketching is a form of COMMUNICATION . • Technical Drawings COMMUNICATE technical information , capturing details necessary for production or modification. • Medium grade pencils work best for sketching. • Pure sketching does not require the use of any drawing instruments. • Sketching should be the first step of any design. • Sketching Techniques:  Use very light construction lines.  “Box in” the rough outline of the object.  Darken only the lines you wish to keep.  Clean up the edges and rough spots.  *** Go to Chapter 2 in the graphics textbook for more sketching techniques*** • Uses of Sketching:  Some sketching is to illustrate definite concepts .  Some sketching is done as an aid to clearer thinking .  Some sketching is done to illustrate actual objects . • Line Type Weights:  Visible  (0.5 mm)  Hidden  (0.25 mm)  Center  (0.25 mm) Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) • German artist known for his engravings. • Authored, “The Four Books on Human Proportions” which used orthogonal multiview

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