Political and economic changes over the last ten years have intensified agri-food trade amongMediterranean countries. This paper aims to examine the exchanges between Italy and thesecountries. The analysis of these exchanges highlight trends that indicate Italy's agri-food balancehas deteriorated during the previous ten years. A Constant Market Shares Analysis has beenperformed on Italy's fruit and vegetable imports from Egypt, Turkey, Morocco and Tunisia, whichaims to assess their competitiveness. The results are then compared with those of Italy's major fruitand vegetable suppliers, the EU and Latin America, which indicate some Mediterranean Partnershave high levels of competitiveness.