Psychology Assignment: - Research Paper Example

Using Self-Concept to Explain Feelings of Hunger in Women with Eating Disorders Your Name Your College/University Using Self-Concept to Explain Feelings of Hunger in Women with Eating Disorders One area of increasing importance in psychology (particularly, in abnormal psychology) is the study of eating disorders among women…

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Eating disorders, such as bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa, lie at the extreme end of a negative body image and are often brought on by the insatiable attempt at achieving an elusive perfect weight. Although these eating disorders will never be “cured”, they can be prevented with the proper psychiatric intervention. However, the nature of this intervention is still unknown to psychologists. Starting at a more basic level of analysis (the psychological causes of hunger), a new approach may arise for an analysis of the psychological causes for image-related eating disorders. In a study of abnormal eating attitudes and self-image concepts among two different samples female college students, Greenleaf and McGreer (2006) found that self-objectification was a strong predictor of disordered (or abnormal) eating attitudes among both physically active and sedentary female college students. These groups exhibited self-objectification via a variety of measures, most commonly through body shame (low self-image) and appearance anxiety, as rated on the Body Surveillance and Body Shame subscales of the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale. Not surprisingly, women who rated high in self-objectification reported, on average, higher rates of body surveillance, body shame, appearance anxiety, and eating disordered behavior. Body surveillance and eating disordered behavior were the two most correlated variables in the study. Both body shame and appearance anxiety served as legitimate causes of eating disorders, which suggests that possible psychiatric interventions to disordered eating may be taken upon finding a woman with that psychological profile. As the authors note, “Objectification theory provides a useful framework for understanding factors related to disordered-eating attitudes” (Greenleaf & McGreer, 2006, p. 187). Objectification theory is the thought that, in Western society, girls and women’s bodies are sexually objectified for the use and pleasure of others. Taken in relation to eating and hunger, the purpose of eating under this framework is not perceived to be as a means toward sustenance, but rather a means toward an undesirable, fat body and thus is something to be avoided. This study is interesting insofar as it found that body surveillance was associated with women who had high rates of self-objectification but not for women who had low rates of self-objectification. Accordingly, it is not a stretch to postulate that body surveillance may serve as a cause of hunger or satiation in women with high rates of self-objectification. That is, for a woman who sees her body as a tool for the pleasure of others, her hunger may be expressed as a function not of a feeling in her body telling her that food is necessary, but rather a function of other people’s perceptions of that body. In another study of female collegians, Hinton and Kubas (2005) discovered that “five distinct and internally consistent factors” retained positive correlation with disordered eating behaviors in female athlete samples. These results were found based on the ATHLETE questionnaire, which assists in helping assess factors associated with disordered eating in athletes. The authors found that “Drive for Thinness and Performance, Social Pressure on Eating,
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2003. Introduction Psychology is the science that creates an understanding towards a logical thinking ability, keeping humane in concise that persisted right from the dawn of human civilization. It is a means to build understanding towards behavior of a person and a means to devise methods to enhance the personality by eliminating the pitfalls to have a sound and congenial influence on the society.

Give an example of high, medium, and low awareness. Mere observation is a term used in the theory of social facilitation to explain the impact of a non-interactive audience on the performance of an individual. Mere presence explains the self consciousness of an individual.

Categories represented are interactive, learner active, environment active and passive (Annan, Bowler, Mentis, and Somerville). Among some of the more well-known theories are Piaget, Erickson, Wegner, Pavlov, Darwin and Gesselt. Those which this paper intends to explore are Bandura, Skinner and Tolman, respectively.

In some instances, individuals completely avoid homosexual behaviors. In the second stage, the individual develops identity comparisons feelings. It is in this phase that the individual feels segregated from the ‘normal world’, in response, majority of them tend to become aggressive towards the heterosexuals.

Due to the numerous fundamentals of psychology, the following paper will provide in-depth discussion of developmental aspect of psychology with thorough scrutiny and analysis of influential icons who contributed to the integration and sustenance of the concept as part of psychological studies.

Cognitive psychology refers to a branch of psychology dealing with the study of mental processes, which includes how human beings learn, process, and store the learned information for future use. This discipline of psychology has a close relationship with a number of disciplines, including philosophy, linguistics, and neuroscience (Gentner 332).

Generally, these juices, among others, are processed to produce ethyl alcohol or ethanol. In current times, the production of alcohol has become such a booming business in a society where alcohol consumption has reached its highest peak. As a result of this increased consumption of alcohol and related products, alcohol has become a rather serious health problem in many homes (Eskapa & Sinclair, 2008).

Sports psychology mainly encompasses the psychological foundations, processes and results of monitoring psychological tendency of sportspersons comprising behaviors related to emotional and motivational well being of individuals. Even though, psychological training remains as an integral part of an athlete’s holistic training process amongst other training elements, the coaches face challenges in determining strategies of understanding stress, self-efficacy, information-motivational-behavioral, psycho dynamic and developmental approaches of the sportspersons.

rm foundation upon which successful coaching work rests. More significantly, sport psychology aims at explaining, predicting and linking the style, attitudes and behavior portrayed by athletes during their sports preparation and performance. Considerably, it is critical to analyze how positive psychology influences the performance of athletes in training and competition as a way of motivating them to overcome their personality differences and achieve their goals successfully.

Psychology can also be studied through discourse analysis where inferences are made from conversations carried out between persons. The study of human behavior dates back to the times of people like Socrates in ancient Greece who used discourse analysis for this purpose.

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