4fb9d08492 Macroscopically, the kidney shows inflamed tissue segments and, histologically, inflammation of the parenchyma and renal tubules with the presence of oedema11. In some individuals bacteriuria does not cause any symptoms, and when there are symptoms they may be very varied. There are wide variations in the clinical presentation of UTI. Classification of symptomatic UTI according to location is below: &bull; Lower UTI or cystitis Only localised infections in the lower urinary tract (urethra, bladder). London: RCOG Press; 2007. UTI considered as atypical or complicated (pdf, 54 Kb.) Table 5. Cookies are required to use this site. Urinary tract infection in children: diagnosis, treatment and long-term management. Table of contents Background Introduction Scope and objectives Methodology Definition and classification of urinary tract infection Epidemiology of UTI and its complications in children Etiology and pathogenesis of UTI Protection and risk factors for UTI Clinical diagnosis of UTI Biological diagnosis of UTI Diagnostic imaging for UTI Predicting the risk of chronic kidney damage Hospitalisation and referral criteria Treatment of the acute phase of UTI Prophylaxis for UTI Prevention of UTI and lifestyle modifications UTI prognosis Monitoring UTI in children UTI and catheterisation in children Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies Dissemination and implementation Future research lines Annexes Full list of tables and figures Bibliography . The most important symptom is fever, especially in young children and infants.

Therefore, APN requires more aggressive treatment, further investigation and a longer follow-up than cystitis. Fever is present in most infants but may not be found in neonates. CPG Programme for the NHS (sp) > CPG for UTI in children (sp) > Translations > English Full version > Definition and classification of urinary tract infection. National Collaborating Centre for Women&rsquo;s and Children&rsquo;s Health, Commissioned by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Section 04 bibliography Access to the full bibliography 11. However, in clinical practice, differentiating between these two types of UTI can be very difficult, especially in younger children. To establish the diagnosis of APN requires verification by scintigraphy, which is considered as the gold standard. In infants and young children, symptoms may be non-specific, such as irritability, vomiting, diarrhoea, refusing food and poor growth.