Either Futuyma is wrong or your interpretation of Futuyma is wrong and I don't care which it is

this takes us right back to the thread

we have a definition of NS ie Futuyma

now you dont like that definition as it turns NS into nonsense so you want accept itthus when even definitions are based on subjective value laden ideas is even more evidence that NS is nothing but subjective value laden concepts- and you call NS a scienceall you do is twik things when they dont fit your preconceived ideas-and you call NS a sciencein anthropology that is called "secondary elaborations"

Now the notion of harmful traits/genes ends in nonsense as harmful is a subjective value laden notion as this author points out thus Natural Selection ends in absurdity or nonsense

as in one case it is be argued that genes which stop reproduction are harmful but in another case the same genes it is argued are not harmful thus Natural Selection ends in absurdity or nonsense

ok ok lets cool it down. NS does decrease the BAD gene frequencies, why shouldnt it. But guess what, in our universe mutations happen ok, it just does, and those genes come back up so all in all the frequency tries remain as it is.

jumma wrote:now you dont like that definition as it turns NS into nonsense so you want accept itthus when even definitions are based on subjective value laden ideas is even more evidence that NS is nothing but subjective value laden concepts- and you call NS a scienceall you do is twik things when they dont fit your preconceived ideas-and you call NS a sciencein anthropology that is called "secondary elaborations"

it is seen that inherited genetic disorders can decrease the probability of reproduction- thus such genetics disorder according to NS are harmful or unfavorable ,but NS says such harmful genes should become less common when in fact as we have seen they are in fact common Thus NS is wrong

natural selection, a process that causes helpful traits (those that increase the chance of survival and reproduction) to become more common in a population and causes harmful traits to become more rare” (Ref: Futuyma, Douglas Evolution 2005 Bowler, Peter. Evolution: the hisotry of an idea)

Compare that to all of these definitions from science websites on the internet many of which contradict eachother, the truth is nobody knows how to define natural selection, selection occurs but "natural selection" is a very abstract concept.

A process in nature in which organisms possessing certain genotypic characteristics that make them better adjusted to an environment tend to survive, reproduce, increase in number or frequency, and therefore, are able to transmit and perpetuate their essential genotypic qualities to succeeding generations.

The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution.

“survival of the fittest,” the principle that in nature those individuals best able to adapt to their environment will survive and reproduce, whereas those less able will die.

According to which organisms tend to produce progeny far above the means of subsistence; in the struggle for existence that ensues, only those progeny with favorable variations survive; the favorable variations accumulate through subsequent generations, and descendants diverge from their ancestor.

survival: a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment

Natural selection is the process by which traits become more or less common in a population due to consistent effects upon the survival or reproduction of their bearers. It is a key mechanism of evolution.

Natural Selection: The main mechanism of evolutionary change. In a given population of organisms, there are heritable traits that enable some members to contribute a larger number of offspring than others. If these offspring also have a greater reproductive success, then the genetic composition of the population is altered, thus evolution.

The mechanism for evolutionary change in which environmental pressures cause certain genetic combinations in a population to become more abundant; genetic combinations best adapted for present environmental conditions tend to become predominant.

An evolutionary process where heritable traits that arise through mutation give an organism a higher chance of survival in their environment and become more common in a population as these organisms have a higher likelihood of reproducing.

The preservation of favorable alleles and the rejection of injurious ones.

The process described by Darwin's theory of evolution that favors certain genotypes and disfavors others. This process is entirely guided by the interaction of an organism with its environment.

Natural selection is the process in which some organisms live and reproduce and others die before reproducing.

A principle of Darwins theory of evolution that animals that have adapted better to their envir onment allows some members of a species to produce more offspring that others, as a result of possessing advantageous traits that improve survival chances and increase reproductive success.

The natural filtering process by which individuals with higher fitness are more likely to reproduce than individuals with lower fitness.

The directional process of evolutionary change. Some genes or allelles become more common over time because of beneficial effects that they have on survival and reproduction.

Differential survival and reproduction among members of a population or species in nature; due to variation in the possession of adaptive genetic traits.

The concept developed by Charles Darwin that genes which produce characteristics that are more favorable in a particular environment will be more abundant in the next generation.

The process in nature by which, according to Darwin's theory of evolution, only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations while those less adapted tend to be eliminated.

The process by which organisms that are better suited to their environment than others produce more offspring.

a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment

Natural selection is the theory that only the strong survive.

a process resulting in the survival of those individuals from a population of animals or plants that are best adapted to the prevailing environmental conditions. The survivors tend to produce more offspring than those less well adapted, so that the characteristics of the population change over time, thus accounting for the process of evolution.

The process by which genetic traits are passed on to each successive generation. Over time, natural selection helps species become better adapted to their environment. Also known as “survival of the fittest,” natural selection is the driving force behind the process of evolution.

Evolutionary change based on the differential reproductive success of individuals within a species.