British Hospital for
Mothers and Babies

Samuel Street, Woolwich, SE18

Medical dates:

Medical character:

1905 - 1984

Maternity

Three young midwives - Miss Alice Gregory, Mrs Lelia Parnell
and Miss Maud Cashmere - decided to open a maternity home and midwifery
school in order to increase the supply of trained midwives. They
purchased two old houses in Wood Street (now Woodhill) in
Woolwich and founded the Home for Mothers and Babies, which opened in
1905. The Home had 8 beds, but midwives also attended patients in their
own homes. Patients paid according to their means.

Known locally as the 'Wood Street Home', its motto was 'Esto
sol testis' (let the sun be my witness).

A derelict piece of wasteland in Samuel Street had been
purchased at a bargain price in 1912 as the site of the new Hospital,
but in the same year a proposal was received from the British Lying-In
Hospital in Endell Street, Covent Garden, which was in financial
difficulties, concerning an amalgamation. The British Lying-In Hospital
closed in May the following year, but the Charity Commission finally
approved the merger in January 1915. A Management Committee was formed
with representatives from both institutions and the Home became the
British Hospital for Mothers and Babies.

Building work began on the new Hospital in 1920, with the
foundation stone being laid by Princess Christian. The money from the
sale of the Endell Street building financed a specially designed and
much larger hospital; the Ministry of Health contributed £30,000.
The first stage of the new Hospital, with 40 beds and staff
accommodation, was opened by Queen Mary in 1922. The second stage
opened in 1929, when there were 62 beds. The Wood Street building,
which had been kept on until the administration block was finished,
closed the same year.

The addition of a 10-bedded self-contained unit in 1936
increased the bed accommodation to 72.

During WW2, in September 1940, a bomb fell on the corner of a
ward block, completely destroying half of it. At the time the nursing
staff with 60 patients and 56 babies had been distributed in the
basement and passages. With the lying-in wards put out of action,
patients were immediately evacuated to their homes or to a hospital at
Farnborough. Within a week 36 beds had re-opened in the Out-Patients
Department, the Lecture Room and Nurses' Sitting Room. The Ministry of
Health provided 40 beds at Pednor House in Chesham, Bucks, and some
patients were evacuated there. However, the Ministry demanded
that Pednor House be administered by Buckinghamshire County Council.
Rather than allow this, after five months the hospital moved again,
this time to 'Moatlands', a privately owned house in Paddock Wood,
Brenchley, Kent. ('Moatlands' was eventually purchased in 1945,
as the bomb damage would take a long time to repair.)

In 1944 a temporary wing with 14 beds, built on the ruins of
the ward block at Samuel Street, was opened by the Princess Royal.

In 1948 the Hospital joined the NHS under the control of the Greenwich
Group Hospital Management Committee, part of the South East
Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board.

In 1951 it established one of
the first Premature Baby Units, with nine cots, becoming a local centre
for the treatment of premature babies. In 1960 the Unit expanded
to 12 cots in an up-to-date building.

In 1953 'Moatlands' was sold and the patients moved to a ward in St Nicholas Hospital,
Plumstead. This ward was staffed and controlled by the British
Hospital for Mothers and Babies, and became an annexe of it.

In 1974, following a major reorganisation of the NHS, the
Hospital came under the control of the Greenwich District Health
Authority, part of the South East Thames Area Health Authority.

In 1984, despite a long battle to keep it open, the Hospital
finally closed.

Present status
(December 2007)

The Hospital was demolished in 1984 and has
been replaced by new housing.

Some of the artifacts from the Hospital Chapel can now be found in the
nearby St. Mary Magdalene Church, Woolwich.

The original Hospital building in Wood Street is now Woodhill Court, Nos. 173 and 175 Woodhill.

The back of the building, as seen in Woodrow, had far fewer windows than the front.

The main driveway of the second and final Hospital site off Samuel Street (left) is now Samuel Close (right).

The back drive off Prospect Vale is now Carr Grove.

Looking south along Carr Grove, the site of the Hospital is on the left side of the image.

The site of the Hospital in Carr Grove.

The tondo from the Hospital has been
preserved and is now mounted on the west wall of St Nicholas chapel in
the Memorial Hospital, Shooters
Hill.

The Chapel of the Nativity opposite the entrance hall
had been a permanent memorial to the three young founders of the
Hospital.

Mrs Parnell had been the first Matron and Miss Cashmore
the Senior Sister; Miss Gregory, as well as performing her midwife
duties, became the Honorary Secretary. Following Mrs Parnell's death in
1931, Miss Cashmore succeeded her as Matron.

Both Miss Gregory and Miss Cashmore retired in October
1945, having served 40 years at the Hospital.

References(Accessed 15th September 2013)

(Author unstated) 1946 History of a Hospital
and It's (sic) Founders. London, British Hospital for
Mothers and Babies.