I'm in the process of reading a paper on Borelia Burgdorferi and T. Pallidum, and how each stimulates an inflammatory respnse, and came across some terms I'm not familiar with. If anyone could explain what these are that would be a big help.

Treponemal Sonicate Plateaus: Plateaus is a verb meaning that something instead od increasing or decreasing with whatever variable become flat. If the "response of the cells to treponemal Sonicate Plateaus" it means that after reaching a certain concentration of treponemal sonicate (treponems destroyed by ultrasound AKA sonication) the response is not de/increasing any more.

glycosylphosphatidylinositol: a kind of molecule. You can find a lot about its structure and biosynthesis here

Vitamin D3-matured THP-1 cells: THP-1 cells are a macrophage cell line probably cultivated in presence of vitamin D3. I do not know whhat kind of maturation is necessary...