News

When background checks miss the mark

The teacher arrived with excellent credentials and more than 20 years of experience in the classroom when he accepted a position last year at a private school in Menlo Park.

What the school didn't know -- until informed by the Almanac -- was that he also came with a trail of allegations of child molestation involving students he taught at previous schools in three states, starting in the 1970s.

The school didn't know because like most other schools, public and private, it conducted only the state-mandated criminal history check, and the teacher had never been charged with a crime or prosecuted. A simple Google search for the teacher's name, however, would have revealed a great deal and raised alarms.

"We of course take these allegations seriously, and we will investigate them immediately," the principal of the school wrote in an email to the Almanac after being informed of the prior allegations. "We will be treating this as a confidential personnel matter and will have no further comment."

Within a week, the teacher no longer worked at the school.

Hole in the safety net

Apart from schools conducting more careful background checks that include Internet searches, preventing similar experiences is easier said than done.

According to the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing, the state maintains a confidential database of complaints against teachers in public schools, but can only publicly disclose "final adverse actions" taken. In this case, those actions would come about only after charges or convictions. As a result, the teacher referred to in this article retains his state teaching credential.

The state doesn't maintain a similar database for private schools, which don't require teaching credentials and essentially operate as independent businesses, according to the California Department of Education.

The Almanac surveyed public and private schools in Menlo Park, Palo Alto, Atherton, and Mountain View to find out whether any conducted a more thorough background check than mandated by state law. Administrators were more comfortable discussing their policies off the record. Only three of the 18 schools said they used Internet and social media searches as part of the hiring process.

Of the schools that do, the searches generally came about as a result of prospective hires listing online profiles, such as Twitter and LinkedIn accounts, on their applications. One human resources administrator at a school that conducts informal Internet searches described the state-mandated process as adequate, but not perfect.

"I think the current process identifies people with criminal histories. Obviously if the person has never been arrested, it doesn't help. Also people change over time. There is no way to predict the future," she said. "I think reference checks are only slightly helpful. Because of legal problems, people may give very positive references, but will almost never say anything negative."

Teaching history

The Almanac was tipped off by a former friend and colleague of the teacher living out-of-state who had sought to reconnect with the teacher after losing contact years earlier. Much to the friend's surprise, when she began searching the Internet for his name she came across several newspaper reports about molestation allegations.

When she tracked him down and found that he was still teaching, she became concerned and began reconnecting with other former colleagues and students to help her decide what to do.

She discovered several of his former students who revealed that the teacher had molested them and who were willing to share their stories publicly. Three had previously filed police reports that led to investigations in California, including one within the last year about incidents that occurred during the 1970s. No charges have ever been brought because time allotted by the statute of limitations had passed. None of the victims has filed civil lawsuits against the teacher.

The Almanac is not disclosing his name because the incidents are alleged to have happened so long ago, the teacher has never been arrested or charged or sued, and he denied the allegations through his attorney. He has retired from teaching now and left California, the attorney said. The Almanac is also not disclosing such details as the names of alleged victims or specific dates that could unmask his identity.

During the 1990s, police in another city ran into a dead end due to the statute of limitations -- several alleged victims were adults before they came forward to report their encounters with the teacher as teens -- and because the foster parents of one child did not want the boy to testify. The investigation stalled despite the man admitting to having sexual contact with two boys, according to a police report obtained by the Almanac.

"This was stuff that was not some accidental touching or rubbing of body parts. This was purposeful and intentional and amounted to molestation," the deputy police chief, who had participated in the investigation as an officer, told the Almanac.

With no charges and no arrests, the teacher's background turns up only in newspaper articles archived by Google and in online forums -- not the state-mandated Livescan and DMV background checks that schools use to screen job applicants.

The Almanac interviewed 10 former students and colleagues who knew the teacher decades ago. One alleged victim, now a grown man with children of his own, went to police in 1996 upon learning that his former teacher wanted to adopt a boy. He said he met the man as a 12-year-old after transferring to a new school in another state. The two eventually became so close that they even lived together for several years in the wake of a rocky family relationship.

"I want other victims to know they're not alone and to somehow stop (him)," he told the Almanac.

When the teacher resigned from a position in 2002 in the wake of allegations of inappropriate conduct with a student at a school in another state, hundreds of parents and students came to the teacher's defense.

One alleged victim said: "That's something you've got to get -- he has done amazing things with kids that were life changing. For those people that he's helped so much there's no capacity or context for them to see him in that other life. And that's OK."

Accountability

How thorough should a background check be? State Senator Joe Simitian, D-Palo Alto, said he's surprised by how many employers in any kind of business, not just schools, don't do a minimal check by picking up a phone or querying Google.

"Online is a pretty easy and immediate, albeit imperfect, screen," he said. "The challenge with the online world is that it's unregulated and unreliable. Anyone can say anything and I think you have to be very mindful of that.

"But why on earth wouldn't you take 60 seconds to Google a name and see what pops up? See if it raises questions that should be asked and answered."

Drawing on his experience as a school board member and practitioner of school law, Sen. Simitian said that too often, schools decide to get rid of an employee quickly with a quiet dismissal. "I would encourage every school or school district to ask themselves, can we in good conscience simply brush this under the carpet? Or do we have an obligation to confront the problem in a way that helps ensure that this is not a problem simply passed along to the next school?"

Those may be hard questions, Sen. Simitian noted, but they must be asked "when talking about employees whose misconduct is so egregious that they can really do serious harm to the next student."

Internet searches create their own set of legal issues, however. "It seems easy, like why don't we just Google everyone?" said Philip Gordon, an attorney with the San Francisco-based law firm Littler Mendelson who specializes in privacy protection and gives nationwide presentations on social media issues for employers. He referred to a survey by social media monitoring service Reppler last year that found 69 percent of 300 business recruiters had rejected a candidate based on social media profiles.

He listed several concerns. Employers, including schools, might find information that they legally can't consider when hiring, such as an applicant's religious affiliation. To safeguard against that, an employer may contract a third party to conduct the checks, but then they also need to be sure the check complies with the Fair Credit Reporting Act. The law's provisions include getting the permission of the job applicant and ensuring that the information is accurate -- a challenge in the "anything goes" online environment.

If the search turns up information used to deny someone a job, the applicant is legally entitled to know what the information is and where it came from before that decision becomes final, according to Mr. Gordon.

He said that employers running searches on their own should make sure that all applicants are subject to the same searches, and decide how long to keep the search results on file in case a hiring decision gets challenged.

Should schools be required to conduct Internet searches as part of their background checks? It's more of a policy decision for the state Legislature, Mr. Gordon said. "It's worth exploring, for sure."

He described a sound policy as one that identifies who will do the search, which sites will be searched with what keywords, who will review the results, how discriminatory or unreliable information will be filtered out, how results get communicated to the decision-maker, and how long results are kept.

The principal of the Menlo Park school that hired the teacher declined to discuss whether its hiring procedures would change, saying only that "we are addressing this internally." The school decided against informing parents of the reason for the teacher's departure. The chairperson of the school board of trustees also refused to comment.

Through his attorney, the teacher denied any sexual misconduct, including the incidents he admitted years ago to the police. "I have known (him) for more than 50 years and can attest to his honesty, integrity and excellence as an educator," his attorney commented in an email to the Almanac.

Posted by AJ
a resident of another community
on Apr 10, 2012 at 11:19 amAJ is a registered user.

I cant believe that the school didnt tell the families the reason for firing the teacher. He might have been abusing kids at the school. Its very difficult for some kids to come forward when being molested. Pedophiles are master manipulators and have ways to keep their victims from telling. [Portion removed.] The Community has a right to know the truth. Why protect the pedophiles at the expense of victims and potential victims? Something is very wrong with this system. This is why pedophiles get hired to work with our kids - everyone's afraid to tell the truth.

Posted by AJ
a resident of another community
on Apr 11, 2012 at 2:40 pmAJ is a registered user.

I believe that the Head Master at that private high school in Menlo Park owes his families the truth. The pedophile teacher might have befriended some of those boys and lured them with sexual misconduct. Is the school just trying to cover themselves from the embarrassment of having hired a pedophile in the first place? Shouldnt the safety of the male students be more important than their embarrassment. The school can learn a good lesson and develop better hiring practices in the future. So, they made an error. Learn from it and tell the families the truth. Taking responsibility and acknowledging the error is a healthy model for the students. Showing the students that the staff, Board and faculty put the students safety as important can only happen by coming clean and telling them the truth.

Posted by JudyJones
a resident of another community
on Apr 17, 2012 at 10:16 pmJudyJones is a registered user.

This is exactly why the statute of limitations needs to be removed for sex crimes against innocent kids. These child predator friendly states are causing more kids to be given the life sentence of being sexually abused.

It would be so much more efficient if child predators were prosecuted and if found guilty they would be placed on the sex offender registry.

Back ground checks are a joke, if child predators have never been held accountable by the law of the land.

Judy Jones, SNAP Midwest Associate Director, USA, 636-433-2511 <snapjudy@gmail.com>
(SNAP, the Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests, is the world's oldest and largest support group for clergy abuse victims. SNAP was founded in 1988 and has more than 12,000 members. Despite the word "priest" in our title, we have members who were molested by religious figures of all denominations, including nuns, rabbis, bishops, and Protestant ministers and increasingly, victims who were assaulted in a wide range of institutional settings like summer camps, athletic programs, Boy Scouts, etc. Our website is SNAPnetwork.org)