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The authors examined first-year mortality and risk factors for mortality among infants with major congenital malformations.|Infants with major congenital malformations born from 1983 to 1988 were identified from a statewide population-based congenital malformations registry. Variables analyzed included year of birth, birth weight, gestational age, infant sex, number of malformations, number of organ systems involved, level of care of the birth hospital, maternal age, maternal education, and maternal ethnicity.|Infants with major malformations had a risk of death 6.3 times higher than the general population of live births. The risk declined from 6.5 in 1983 to 5.9 in 1988. Birth weight and number of malformations were the strongest risk factors. The likelihood of survival was similar for white and black infants.|Being born with a malformation outweighs most of the other risks for infant mortality. Children with congenital malformations had higher cause-specific mortality for all causes except injury.

To monitor the implementation of tobacco control programs and research in accordance with California's Proposition 99, approved by the voters in 1988, which increased the state's cigarette tax by 25 cents and designated one quarter of the increased r...

Public policy has treated drinking and boating as though it were analogous to drinking and driving. Accordingly, recent Federal and state laws to prevent drinking and boating have focused solely on alcohol use by the boat operator. This study was des...

This study was designed to evaluate an innovative program of high speed radiographic screening for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) at a large urban correctional institution, Cook County Jail in Chicago.|From March 1992 to February 1994, 126,608 inmates w...

To describe severe injury among American Indians in a large metropolitan county given that most previous studies of the high Indian injury morbidity and mortality rates have been conducted primarily in rural areas.|A retrospective analysis of a hospi...

The authors assess seasonal variations in the prevalence of low weight-for-age among young children visiting the pediatric emergency room of a city hospital.|We analyzed data on 11,118 children ages 6 to 24 months who visited the Boston City Hospital...

This study was designed to estimate the percentage of young children in the United States who have been tested for lead and the percentage of dwellings in the United States in which the paint has been tested for lead.|A national random digit dial tel...

To calculate the national costs of reducing perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus through counseling and voluntary testing of pregnant women and zidovudine treatment of infected women and their infants, as recommended by the Public H...

Objectives.Women who have sex with women are a relatively hidden group that has been overlooked in most AIDS research and prevention efforts, primarily because the efficiency of HIV transmission between female partners is believed to be low. Although...

BackgroundConcerns about solvent releases from a microelectronics/business machine manufacturing facility in upstate New York led to interest in the health of former workers, including this investigation of birth defects in children of male and femal...