Jean Piaget (1896 - 1980) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jean Piaget (1896 - 1980). Background. Jean Piaget (August 9, 1896 - September 16, 1980), a professor of psychology at the University of Geneva from 1929 to 1954 was a French Swiss developmental psychologist who is most well known for organizing cognitive development into a series of stages

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The child builds a set of concepts about reality and how it works through physical interaction with their environment. This is the stage where a child does not know that physical objects remain in existence even when out of sight

Preoperational stage (ages 2-7)

The child is not yet able to think abstractly and needs concrete physical situations.

As physical experience accumulate, the child starts to conceptualize, creating logical structures that explain their physical experiences. Abstract problem solving is also possible at this stage. For example, arithmetic equations can be solved with numbers, not just with objects.

Formal operations (beginning at ages 11-15)

By this point, the child's cognitive structures are like those of an adult and include conceptual reasoning.

1. Children will offer different explanations of reality at different stages of cognitive development

2. Cognitive development is made possible by providing activities or situations that connect learners and require adaptation (i.e. assimilation and accommodation).

3. Learning materials and activities should involve the appropriate level of motor or mental operations for a child of given age; avoid asking students to perform tasks that are beyond their current cognitive capabilities.

4. Use teaching methods that actively involve students and present challenges.

Educators must plan a developmentally appropriate curriculum that enhances their students' logical and conceptual growth.

Instruction

Teachers must emphasize the critical role that experiences, or interactions with the environment play in student learning. For example, instructors have to take into account the role that fundamental concepts, such as the permanence of objects, play in establishing cognitive structures.

Piaget's work is known all over the world and is still an inspiration in fields like psychology, sociology, education, epistemology, economics and law as witnessed in the annual catalogues of the Jean Piaget Archives

He was awarded numerous prizes and honorary degrees all over the world