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Communicating With Your Child In Sign

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<ul><li>Product Title:Communicating with your child in sign:American Sign Language Development from Birth to Six </li></ul><ul><li>Age of Intended Audience: Parents/Guardians/Caregivers of Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing Children (Ages will vary) </li></ul><ul><li>Product Goals/Objectives: </li></ul><ul><li>- To provide information to parents/caregivers who are curious or interested in American Sign Language as a language option for their child and family </li></ul><ul><li>To discuss language development of children who have consistent models of American Sign Language </li></ul><ul><li>Abstract: This tool was developed in a flip-book format, one side being the English version, and the other side being the Spanish version. The tool was developed with a family centered focus; the intention of an early support specialist sitting with a parent/caregiver and discussing/modeling the information in the tool. It discusses developmental milestones of ASL development for ages birth through six, parent-infant interactions, creating a visual environment, and tools and resources for learning ASL. </li></ul>

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Communicating with your child in sign: American Sign Language Development from Birth to Six

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Introduction Language development is influenced by many factors. Among them are access to language, and parent-child interactions. You are instrumental in your child’s language development. Many deaf children are visually oriented, and may learn language more effectively through visual means. American Sign Language is one mode through which deaf children learn language. Exposure to consistent, proficient language users facilitates language development in deaf children. We will look at the developmental milestones of deaf children who have consistent, proficient models for language, the importance of parent-child interactions in the development of language, strategies to make the environment more visually accessible to your child, and available resources for beginning your American Sign Language journey. www.learnsignlanguage.com

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Expressive Language: Developmental Milestones: Ages Birth-One <ul><li>Crying </li></ul><ul><li>Cooing </li></ul><ul><li>Pointing </li></ul><ul><li>Chuckling, gasping, grunting </li></ul><ul><li>Gesturing (for emotional needs, to stimulate your response) </li></ul><ul><li>Uses repetition – to learn about his/her environment through communication </li></ul><ul><li>As you can see, both deaf and hearing children display these behaviors. Deaf and Hearing are more alike than different in their language development </li></ul>Between birth and one year, your child may display the following: www.lapeer.org/lsta/promo/ LCID/sld013.htm

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Between ages one and two, your child may display: American Sign Language Developmental Milestones: Ages One-Two Expressive Language: <ul><li>Manual Jargon Babbling (12-14 months) babble sequences that look like ASL but have no meaning </li></ul><ul><li>Attempts to use 2 sign combinations, but will still rely on single signs with simple handshapes (13-22 months) </li></ul><ul><li>Additions to handshape repertoire: A, B, C, O, and 1 </li></ul><ul><li>Sign NO or use headshake to express no </li></ul><ul><li>Begin to name objects instead of just pointing </li></ul><ul><li>Begin using facial expression in signing </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Example – Raised eyebrows plus sign for a Yes/No question </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Attempts at fingerspelling (when vocabulary reaches approximately 100 words) </li></ul>www.4woman.gov/owh/pub/aabreastfeeding/ faq.htm

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American Sign Language Developmental Milestones: Ages Three - Four Receptive Language: <ul><li>Understand language related to basic concepts of number, color, and time </li></ul><ul><li>Understand and carry out commands that include more than one action or object </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Example: When you are done playing, put your toys in the box (PLAY+FINISH, BOX+TOYS+MOVE) </li></ul></ul>Between ages three and four, your child may: www.deafmissions.com/ dic/ASLabc.html www.tnpc.com/soa/ fal00soa_h.html www.city.ac.uk/colourgroup/ spectrum.gif

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American Sign Language Developmental Milestones: Ages Four - Five Expressive Language: <ul><li>Tell long stories accurately </li></ul><ul><li>Know and express first, middle and last name </li></ul><ul><li>Understand and express concepts of time with accuracy </li></ul><ul><li>Ask for clarification if he/she does not understand communication </li></ul>Between ages four and five, your child may: new-www.speechtx.com/

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American Sign Language Developmental Milestones: Ages Five - Six Expressive Language: <ul><li>Use complex handshapes clearly and often </li></ul><ul><li>Fingerspell more clearly than before </li></ul><ul><li>Use complex sentences appropriately: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Topicalization – setting up a situation and then elaborating content of story (Topic-Comment word order) </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Use space to show location of nouns and verbs </li></ul><ul><li>Use “Bracketing”- WH-question words used at beginning and end of question </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Example: WHERE+BATHROOM+WHERE </li></ul></ul>Between ages five and six, your child may : www.gospelcom.net/peggiesplace/ fun.htm

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Motherese/Fatherese Parent-Child Interactions As you can see, Baby talk is similar among Deaf and Hearing parents. Exaggeration of words/signs and facial expressions, slower, simpler forms of language are used by both Deaf and Hearing parents to facilitate language development. A Visual Environment Both Deaf and Hearing parents naturally interact and communicate effectively with their deaf children. Parenting behaviors such as playing with your child and displaying affection are universal, and extremely important to your child’s development. The main difference between parent-child interactions is the knowledge that Deaf parents have about the visual needs of their child. It is natural for them because of their own visual needs. You may or may not be accustomed the visual needs of your child. Let’s look at some strategies to make your environment more visually accessible to your child. www.cdaccess.com/ html/pc/asl.htm

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Creating a Visual Environment Parent-Child Interactions <ul><li>Adjust lighting so that visual communication can take place </li></ul><ul><li>Use distinct facial expressions </li></ul><ul><li>Use appropriate attention getting strategies (a tap on the arm, leg, or shoulder) </li></ul><ul><li>Sign in your child’s visual field </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Be sure that your child has a clear view of your face and hands </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>If possible, get down on the floor and either across from your child, or with him/her on your lap </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Sign on your child’s body to model placement and form of signs- where signs occur and correct handshapes </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Move the object of interest between you and your child (if possible, hold it up by your face) so that signing about the object can take place in your conversational space </li></ul></ul>

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Creating a Visual Environment Parent-Child Interactions <ul><li>Follow the interests of your child </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Notice what he/she is focused on </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Wait for him/her to shift focus from the object to you </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Respond to his/her eye contact with smiling and signing about the object of interest </li></ul></ul><ul><li>***Repeat all of these interactions so your child will learn to connect these experiences with language, link objects with meaning, and continue to develop language*** </li></ul>

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Tools and Resources Learning American Sign Language <ul><li>While you are practicing to become a proficient visual language model, interacting with Deaf people will provide opportunities for language development for both you and your child </li></ul><ul><li>Interaction with Deaf Adults and Children </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Deaf Mentor Projects </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Deaf storytelling </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Playgroups with other families with deaf children </li></ul></ul>new-www.kmm.org/ www.saonet.ucla.edu/osd/docs/ Newsletter/2000Fall.htm