How does the immune system fight viruses?

A strategy of the innate immune system involves the presence of virus-detecting proteins inside cells. The detection of a virus causes the cell to release antiviral proteins known as interferons. The interferons attach themselves to neighboring uninfected cells. This attachment causes those cells to become resistant to a viral onslaught, providing some short-term, local protection. The name provides the clue to function: interferons interfere with the progress of viral advance.

In addition, the cells of animals and humans infected by a virus have a "suicide" program called apoptosis, or programmed cell death. A cell that is invaded by a virus can self-destruct, thereby preventing the virus from reproducing inside the cell and spreading to other cells. But some viruses have learned how to outsmart programmed cell death and prolong cell life.

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Immune System

Immune and lymphatic system health is necessary for protecting your body from germs and diseases. Known as the body's first line of defense, your immune system and lymphatic system help protect you from bacteria, viruses and fungi that cause disease. Your lymphatic system produces and carries white blood cells containing antibodies that fight off infection. Your lymphatic system transports and destroys dead or damaged cells and cancer cells, removing these substances from the blood stream. Problems with your immune and lymphatic system can result in various diseases. A weakened immune system can lead to diseases including cancer, the flu and chronic fatigue syndrome. An overactive immune system can lead to diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), Huntingdon's disease and lupus. Allergies occur when your immune system mistakes harmless substances for threats and attacks these harmless substances.