Is CBD safe for Dogs? Are there any Side Effects?

With the legalization of CBD, a lot of people were glad that they could now tap into the vast treasure trove of therapeutic benefits that natural cannabis has to offer to humans.

Then Man started thinking about his “best friend” – his pet dog!

The question, however, was: “Does CBD have the same kind of positive effects on dogs as it does on humans?” “Can our beloved furry companions suffer from any side effects due to its use?”

While there are very studies on CBD’s effects on dogs, the CBD pet care market is still expected to hit $125 million by 2022.

For pet owners, the main logic behind its use on dogs is that they too have central and peripheral nervous systems, where the endocannabinoid receptors are generally present. These are the receptors that interact with cannabinoids to maintain the body’s chemical balance, also known as homeostasis [1, 2].

How can CBD help canine health?

Unfortunately, veterinarians don’t have anything definitive to say about CBD oil for dogs [35], as there are limited resources to test the potential benefits and health risks of CBD on dogs. Besides, given the touchy legal issues surrounding cannabis products, vets generally steer away from giving any positive reaction to CBD oil.

Nevertheless, a lot of people have noticed similar effects of CBD in dogs as their human counterparts.

Reduces Anxiety & Relaxes Body and Nerves: Have you noticed your pets getting jumpy when crackers go off in the neighborhood. Or does your fur kid suffer from separation anxiety? CBD has been seen to offer help in such cases. Although no formal studies are available on this aspect, human clinical trials have found positive results in cases of:

Public speaking [3] (maybe relatable with your dog’s behavior while interacting with other dogs or humans outside of family),

Anxiety disorders [4] (maybe relatable with separation anxiety, common among many breeds of dogs)

Fights Cancer: CBD, along with other chemical compounds found in cannabis, has been found to hinder cancer cell growth [7] and increase tumor cell death [8]. Besides, CBD has also been found to influence the immune system to kill cancer cells [9]. Interestingly, CBD has been found to be effective in fighting breast cancer [10] and prostate cancer [11]. Among humans, CBD is increasingly been seen as a potential anticancer drug [12]. Besides, this cannabinoid has also been proven to aid conventional cancer treatments [13].

Treats Seizures & Epilepsy: Over 5% of dogs worldwide suffer from seizures. They are usually treated with medications, like phenobarbital and potassium bromide. Sure, they help control the seizures to a certain extent. However, that’s not always the case. CBD has been found to be effective in treating drug-resistant epilepsy [14]. Besides, conventional drugs can have extremely harmful effects on your dog’s liver, among other organs. Whereas, CBD has been seen to have substantial positive effects without any side effects in humans, even children [15, 16].

Relieves Pain: Dogs, especially larger breeds, often suffer from joint pain and other kinds of chronic pain, caused by accidents or surgery. In humans, CBD has been found to be effective in influencing the immune system to numb the pain.

Most chronic pains are associated with nerve damage and neuropathy, which CBD can effectively combat [17].

CBD can also reduce inflammation caused by oxidative stress that can lead to degeneration and premature aging [18].

Helps with Inflammatory Bowel Disorder: Apart from having antibiotic properties [21], CBD can successfully prevent colitis or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [22] in animals and normalize gut motility in animals suffering from IBD [23]. It has been found that CBD reduces both acute and chronic inflammation of the gut by controlling the neuroimmune system [24].

Reduces Chronic Inflammation & Autoimmune Diseases: In case of inflammations associated with allergies, hypersensitivities, and autoimmunity, CBD has been found to reduce the production and release of cytokines [25] – proteins that cause inflammation when the body is attacked by foreign agents (and in case of autoimmune diseases, it attacks the body’s own cells). In particular, cannabinoids, like CBD, are known to inhibit and incapacitate a particular type of cytokine-producing cells, called Th17 that has inflammatory autoimmune characteristics [26]. CBD also hinders inflammatory white blood cell production, thus decreasing chronic inflammations [27]. A powerful antioxidant, CBD is more potent than Vitamins C and E [28].

Protects the Nervous System & Combats Neurodegenerative Diseases: Another severe condition that CBD, like other cannabinoids, has been found to be effective in treating is degenerative spinal injuries and nerve damage. For instance, it helps treat patients with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) [29] (also called motor neuron disease (MND) or Lou Gehrig’s disease; causes the death of neurons controlling voluntary muscles), Alzheimer’s Disease [30] (an irreversible, progressive brain disorder that gradually leads to diminishing memory and cognitive skills), and Parkinson’s disease [31] (a chronic, progressive neurological disease that occurs in old age and is marked by stiffness and tremors of resting muscles, slow movement, unbalanced and shuffling gait). This shows promise that CBD can help dogs overcome degenerative diseases too (tremors accompanied by weakness in limbs, like degenerative myelopathy). In the case of senior dogs, CBD can also protect the brain from cell death due to free radicals and toxins [28].

Curbs Nausea & Increases Appetite: While CBD does not exactly increase cravings and hunger like THC does, it does indeed curb nausea that inhibits appetite. Often people lose their appetite due to different ailments, which either directly causes a loss in appetite or cause nausea that indirectly causes a loss in appetite. In both these cases, CBD has been found to curb nausea and promote a healthy appetite [32]. This is especially true to dogs who suffer from panic attacks, separation anxiety, stomach issues, other physical ailments and treatments causing loss of appetite. It can also help curb nausea and vomiting [33], even when it is caused by some drugs or toxins [34].

Are there any Safety Concerns regarding CBD use on dogs?

Unlike THC, CBD is a psychoactive chemical compound found in cannabis. CBD oils are generally beneficial to the health of animals and humans alike, without the intoxicating effects of THC. CBD oils are typically derived from hemp, and not marijuana. While the former is rich in CBD, the latter is rich in THC. So, there’s no chance of your dog experiencing a “high” after using CBD oil. He will, however, experience, a “body high”, a relaxed and calm feeling.

Nonetheless, a lot more research needs to be done on CBD’s effects on dogs, in particular, to safely say that CBD is absolutely safe for canines. While the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has put its foot down on not approving CBD for release in the food and supplement market, there is no dosing chart available for either humans or animals.

Hence, it is difficult to identify the toxic dosage for dogs. Even then, we must understand that any medication or food supplement, in fact, anything you put into the body, carries some amount of risk of reaction.

When you DO put your pet on a CBD course, you must start low, and increase gradually, while constantly and closely monitoring the effects. Dogs can’t express the way we do, so keeping a close watch can alone let you know of the specific changes.

You must make sure that the CBD product (tincture oil or treat) that you give your pet is sourced from organically grown ingredients and contains no THC.

Look up the third-party lab tests of these products to ensure that the products are pure, potent and free of contaminants, THC, or artificial ingredients.

What are the Possible Side Effects of using CBD on dogs?

Owing to the fact that not enough research is available on the side effects of CBD on dogs, we can still agree that the side effects we humans experience after using CBD will be quite the same for our canine companions too.

If that is the case, the possible side effects [39] include:

Dryness of mouth

Lowered blood pressure

Drowsiness

Nausea and diarrhea when taken in too high doses (very rare)

Sudden changes in appetite

Fatigue (rare)

CBD poses no threat to life or causes any permanent damage to the kidneys, gall bladder or the digestive system, like most conventional strong medication.

Nonetheless, the above side effects may cause some discomfort to your pets and some problems for you – none that can’t be dealt with the right dose and precaution.

Final Thoughts

CBD, if taken separately, (like an isolate) is safe for your beloved canine companion, just like it is for you. If not only helps you treat your pet for pain and inflammation, but also helps it overcome and manage much more severe conditions.

Despite its therapeutic benefits, the safety of any chemical compound – natural or otherwise – depends entirely on the way it is used.

Follow our suggestions, consult with your pet’s veterinary doctor, and make sure you don’t go overboard with the doses.

Like we always say, start low, go slow. This time, we would also add another advise: “Keep your fur kids safe. They’re, after all, your family!”

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Research citations:

The role of the endocannabinoid system in the regulation of endocrine function and in the control of energy balance in humans; Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej; 2007; Komorowski J & Stepień H; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17369778

Cannabidiol and (−)Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol are neuroprotective antioxidants; Proceedings of the Natational Academy of Sciences of the United States of America; July 7, 1998; Medical Sciences; AJ Hampson, M Grimaldi, J Axelrod, and D Wink; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC20965/

Matt Hansel is a Medical Practitioner, who has been writing and researching about cannabis since 2014. His popular quotes which we like are: \"Don\'t use CBD oil for a cure, use it as a precaution\" \"CBD should be considered as any other vitamin supplement and your body needs it!\"

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