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English to Hindi: Part of an Science Article 'The Birth of Time'General field: ScienceDetailed field: Astronomy & Space

Source text - English This explanation solved the findings of fish fossils on mountain but another question floated. How long it took the molten mass to cool down like our earth today. This could also be a way to measure the age of earth. Before Leclerc Newton had mentioned in his 'Principia' that a red-hot iron globe equal in size of earth will require 50000 years to cool down. Leclerc experimented with different types of heating-cooling balls in his laboratory. He came to the conclusion that it will take 36000 years for cooling of earth so that life can exist and further it will take 39000 years to reach the present state. As a result the age of earth came out to be 75000 years. This was almost 20 times more than what was given by religious dogma (4004 BC). Again it was condemned by Sorbonne and later Leclerc had to publish retraction. Leclerc work can be regarded as beginning of scientific calculation of world's age.
This was just beginning of the story. In 19th century Darwin's Theory of Evolution provided a new horizon to science. The process of evolution through natural selection provided the basis of understanding of origin of different species. But this process needed very long time for present species to come into existence. Thus the Evolution Theory suggested the age of earth to be much higher than as suggested by Theology and Leclerc. Geology also pointed towards a longer time scale. Next step in this regard was taken by Frenchman Jean Joseph Fourier (1768-1830). He gave mathematical technique for dealing with varying phenomena (Fourier analysis). He developed this technique because he was fascinated by the way heat flows from hot body to cooler one. He worked on propagation of heat in solid bodies. Earlier Leclerc had considered a constant cooling rate for earth. Fourier considered that earth is cooler material layer on surface with still hot core inside. So it will take much longer time to cool down. In 1820 he calculated age of earth by his method that came out to be 100 million years. It was very higher than 75000 years given by Leclerc. He thought his calculation of age of earth to be so higher that it made him skeptic of it and he never published this formula of age calculation. He never knew that it was very small actually.