V X i i TOI.T. KO. 48.) A TSAR. $1.00 f TOPEKA, KANSAS, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1893. OFFICIAL STATE PAPER. SEOEETABY OP AGRICULTURE Morton Still Afraid of Paternalism His Official Eeport Washington, November 26. The see retary of agriculture, in hia report just submitted to the president, regrets the vague character of the department or ganization, which he says "offera opulent opportunities for the exercise of the most pronounced paternaliam," but headda that there are many proper ways in which the federal government may legiti mately serve the cause of agriculture. He devotes considerable space to a re view of what he regards as an anomalous partnership between the government of the United States and the governments of the respective states for the conduct and encourgement of state agricultural colleges and experiment stations. Referring to the sum appropriated for the use of state experiment stations, he says: "This appropriation is unlike any other public moneys legislated out ...

2 AN KTESSTATE BAILWAY. The Cost of Building and tba Ocst of Doing Witnout Ona. The interstate and gulf railroad con vention which will meet in Topeka, December 5, will discuss proposed plans of building a railroad line from Minne sota to the gulf, and among them will be one by Eric Olson, an experienced rail- road contractor, of Sherburn, Minnesota. In order to get it before the public, Mr. Olson's plan was published in the pamphlet containing the proceedings of the Lincoln railroad convention of June 28, 1893. Prefacing his article with statistics showing the outrageous cost to the people of corporation ownership, Mr. Olson says: To build a line of first-class double track railway from Duluth, Minn., to Galveston, Texas, 1,300 miles and equip it would coat abut $10,000,000. It could be built for $30,000,000, as frontier roads have been built and perfected by the earrings in about ten years, the expense of betterment charged up to operating expenses according to custom. A single tr...

EAILWATS OF EUSSIA. The Goveniment Owns Many of Them and Controls All of Them. Special corretpondince to the New Torlt Voice, London, October 4. Next to Ger many, Russia perhaya possesses the largest extent of railway communica tions of any country in Europe. Accord ing to the latest official returns the coun try was possessed, at the beginning of 1892, of the following length of rnilroads in English miles: Opened in Russia, Poland and Caucasia, 18,145 (of which 6,618 miles belonged to the state and 11, 527 to private individuals or companies); in Finland, 1,166; in the Trans-Caspian region, 890 making a total of 20,201. At the same time the following roads were being built: Private, various on the Dniester, 350 miles; Ryazan Kazan, 491 miles; Moscow, 26 miles; Kiviek Voronej, 180 miles; branches of Kurvk Kies trunk, 215 miles; Petrovsk-Vladikavkaz, 166 miles; and second metals on a length of 725 miles; State, Crimea, 72 miles; Z'atonst-Tchelyabinsk, 101 miles; Poland, 87 miles; Sib...

4 TI2323 ADVOCATE. AND TOFEKA TRIBUNE. OFFICIAL STATE PAPER. it. R.. r. a. Prmi.TimTO mVKBT WSDHZSDAT BY THE ADVOCATE PUELIS!!!XS CCUPAR Booms 43 and i5 Knox Building, TOPTTHA. . KANSAS. $1.00 PER YEAR. ADVERTISING BATZ3. For tingle Insertion: Ksplay matter, 20 rata cents per line. Discount for long-time contract. ) Ind. Rural Freaa Asaoo'n, Chicago Office f- -v5;Y.LMT,MsT ) Boyoe Building. Entered at the postofflceat Topeka, Kansas, as second class matter. WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 29. 18S3. EMS You can now get the Encyclopedia for a clnb of 30 Advocate subscribers. We aie going to supply the Ad vocate to large clubs at a price that will make your hair stand on end. Every man or woman who is inter ested should apply for terms. This is humiliating. The Italian minister of foreign affairs has issued a circular advising his people to stay away from the United States. He bases his conclusions on the informa tion he gets from Italian consuls in this country, to the effect that times art harde...

T2HEE5 ADVOOja.T223. 5 LETTEES FE02I MBS. DIGGS Mrs. Annie L. Diggs has gone to Washington, D. C, from where onr readers may expect to hear from her very soon, through the Advocate, for she intends to supply them with regu lar correspondence daring the winter beginning at once. Mrs. Diggs is a lineal descendant of General Stark, of revolutionary fame, who on a mem orable occasion made the now his torical declaration that a certain military act would be performed or Molly Stark would sleep a widow that night. Mrs. Diggs has inherited the spirit of her ancestor and is filled with energy and determination. ABOUT KAH3AB. T. W. Harrison was nominated for mayor of Topeka by the republicans last Saturday. Even New Jersey knows how it feels to be "reemed" by this time. The redeem ers seem to have elected a legislature. Bernard Kelley is making dates to hold indignation meetings over the recent outrage of his being fired out of the Topeka pension agency. G. W. Coffin has disposed of his inte...

G THE ADVOCATE. "A GREAT WORK POR THE UEWS PAPER3." The Leavenworth Times of No vember 22 has a double-leaded edi torial upon the political situation in Kansas which is a most sublime mix ture of truth, error and noosense. It treats of the supposed causes which have deprived the republican party of its great majority and turned the state over to a new party from the standpoint of one who is apparently familiar with the facts; but when it assumes that the recent election indi cates a return of the people to the republican party there are no figures to justify the assumption. While it is not disputed that republicans have elected a majority of the county offi cers, the Times must not forget that they did the same thing in 1891, nor must the fact be overlooked that the republican vote this year is about 5,000 less than it was in 1891. This does not indicate that the Populists have gone to the republican party. Former Populist voters have not voted the republican ticket this year nor wi...

TKES ADVOOATB. 7 THE KANSAS ELECTIONS. The Capital, in its issue of Novem ber 22, expresses surprise that the Advocate's tabulated statement of the election returns is correct, not withstanding it makes an unfavora ble showing for the Populist party. Permit us to remind the Capital that it is Dot the custom of the Advocate to deceive its readers. They are en titled to the facts, and they subscribe and pay for the Advocate in order to get them. The people themselves are responsible for the results of the election, and they undoubtedly have good reasons for the course they have pursued. We have our opinions con cerning what those reasons are, but we do not propose to discuss them now. The time has not yet come for that When that time arrives the Advocate will be heard from with no uncertain sound. The proper occasion for the discus sion of the causes that operate against us is when the opportunity is present to remove those causes, and that oc casion will not present itself until the ...

8 th:b advocate. A Successful Convention at ichita Dia cussion of Plans for Irrigating West ern Kansas-Prominent Msn Present With Good Ideas. The irrigation convention held in Wichita last week waa of more interest than its most enthusiastic friends an ticipated. It is doubtful if an audience in Kansas ever gave closer attention to the participants. "It is the largest irri gation convention ever held in this coun try," says Major Powell, of the United States geological survey, and others ex press themselves similarly. Two hun dred and fifty delegates, representing every state and territory west of the Mis souri, were present This is the fourth of the interstate series, similar conven tions having lately been held at Salina, Deming and Los Angeles. The delegates were largely the practi cal and progressive farmers of western Kansas and the arid region beyond, in terspersed with men eminent for their knowledge in engineering and the scien ces. The politician, scenting an oppor tunity f...

0 bought and paid the government for land and expended their money is improving it; and Whxbias, It has been demonstrated by the experience of these men and by the sig nal stations of the government that the amount of rainfall per annum at proper seasons is insufficient to make agrioulture practicable; therefore be it Be olved, That it is the sense of this con tention that it is the duty of congress to make an appropriation for the purpose of testing the practicability of the following methods of irrigation for these plains; First, that the government should by experiments determine whether the underflow water is of sufficient volume and can be brought to the surface at a oost to make it available for general irrigation purposes. Seoond, that it should determine the extent to which reservoirs can be constructed for the pur pose of storing storm water sufficient in quantity for irrigation purposes, and be it further Resolved, That we fully endorse the fol lowing extraot from the repo...

10 PABM H0ETGAGE3. (Continued from page 7.) turn our attention to the centuries of pre historic human experienoe which the author of the Pentateuoh had in mind when be penned the immortal twenty fifth chapter of Leviticus, or to the dawn of Greolan or Roman history, the revolutions and bellions in our mother oountry, or to the financial crisis of modern timer, such as those in our own country in 1818, 1837 1857, 1873 and 1893 94, or to famine stricken Russia, the one great fact which in every instance towers above every other history creating fact is debt. Let us note the great increase during the last twelve years in the private indebted C6jS of our own people and contrast it with the modest increase of scarcely CO per oent. in our wealth, nearly half of which was but a fictitious rise in speculative ground values. As for the funded debt, those of the rail roads ircreed from $2,392,000 000 in 1880 to f 5.463,0(0 000 in 1892, according to Poor'i Manual, an increase of 129 per oent.,...

THE ADVOCATE, 11 VOTEBS SLEEPING. A Scientific Study Showing the Magni- tud,e of the Stay-at-Home Vote. One of the most accomplished statisti cians in the United Statea is Professor Frederick C. Waite, renowned for his expert work on the census, m connection with which, about a year ago, he said: "The total net private indebtedness of the American people equaled in 1880 but $6,750,000,000; in September, 1892, it amounted to $19,700,000,000, an increase of $12,000,000,000 in the short period of twelve years. "These mute figures tell the tale. Our manufacturing and mining industries have been stimulated under the intoxi cating influence of protection, while our farmers have been compelled to borrow to meet deficits. Oar land values have been bolstered up by booms and ruth lees real estate speculation all over the west and south. Railroads have been built to forestall competitors, to raise the value of land and to build cities where none were needed. Bonds and watered stocks have been ...

12 TUB! ikDVOOiLTSS. DEBT AUD TAXATTOI. Their Terribld Consequences Upca the People of America. Editob Advocate: Wealth is fast accumulating in the hand of the few, and that few are not the ones that produce it. The once hippy homes of the people of this great republic are being grasped up by the shylocks, money lenders and money manipulators of this and foreign lands. The above two paragraphs or their substance are constantly thrust before our eyes or into our ears by the publio press, from the rcstrum.through the dis cussions in congress or in private con vention among the people; and their alarming signification begins to be ap prehended and appreciated. Among the means that have brought about this alarming state of things are two not generally mentioned, and to which the Populist party, whose mission is reform, ought to have given more consequence and attaohed a greater importance. I have marveled thtt it didn't do so, and trust it will hereafter make amends for its short coming...

13 HOW TO BUN AN MJUBATOB. The Manager of Homestead Poultry Farm Tells His Experience. After trying two years to raise chick ens under hens without success, we con cluded to try an incubator, and it worked so well that we want no more hatching under hens. The incubator was ordered in March, but did not arrive until April. Then it was three weeks more before we could get it to work properly. After getting it thoroughly heated the eggs were put in. As I had never had any experience with a machine before in fact, this was the first I had ever seen I was doubtful as to results of the first hatch, but made up my mind to give it all the care and attention I possibly could. I watched it pretty closely night and day and did not get a good night's rest for the three weeks the eggs were hatching. The result was that I took 250 chicks out of the incubator from 320 eggs. I put them in the brooder and succeeded in raising most of them. Al though it was late, I concluded that I would try it again...

14 THE ADVOOAVE The Destiny of the Eepublio. Editor Advocate: When we look back into the remote history of the hu man race in the ancient days and brie? before the mind in grand review the great panorama of the power and eplen dor of nations and civilization, who thought their power and grandeur as perpetual aa the stars in their courses whose temples, palaces and monuments to-day stand as mile stones to mark the vicissitudes through which our race has passed, one is compelled to say that all governments, all religions and all civili zationa are but the ingenuity and con ceptions of the mind of man, and like man, have their inception, their merid ian of power and splendor, r-nd their ev ening of decay, disintegration and d?ath When did Egypt reach the zenith of her glory? When Pharaoh drafted CO.000 of his subjects into his service for three year?, without pay, to build the road upon which the stones were hauled to build the great pyramids that now stand as sentinels on the Lybian d...

THE ADVOOATB. - 15 asoline The Dest because the most simple. A few minutes attention a day will keeD it running. Most economical; guaranteed cost of running is loent per b. p. per hour. Weber Gas and Gasoline Engine Co., Draw r 950, - - KANSAS CITY, HO. When writing advertisers mention Advocate Q BtaltaMorii Itel'eprtr "Education is an ornament in Prosperity, A refuge in Adversity" THE COST OF cobs. An 8-year old t oy can easily shell 7 to 10 buthels an hour with it. Rap idlv findire its wav to every corn erowinir country in the world. Buy from dealer, or send me 93 oo ior sample, x-apbess x repaid. jMniraouniiiiiioii. mauu facturer and Patentee. . ... A. H. PATCH, Clarksville, Tenn. QThlii mnch!n will b given m a premium with the ADVOCATE. THE PRODUOT OF THE FABQ! 5& WE WILL sGrain, Ilay, Dressed Hogs, Lambs, Veal, Wool, Butter, Eggs, Poultry, Fruit, Vegetables, Hides, Pelts, Furs and all kinds SELL advantage. YOUR Organize a league in your neighborhood members particulate in c...

f if ' V i 4 in ' ' '" ' '''' " ' 'm AMD TOPEKA TRIBUNE. VOL V. KO. 49. 1 A YXAB. 1.00 I TOPEKA, KANSAS, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER G, 1893. OFFICIAL STATE PAPER. IS POVERTY OEIME? Govenmient Must Not Barbarously Punish Paupers of Its Own Making. On Monday, December 4, Governor Lewelling iesued the following circular to the metropolitan police boards of the state: To aU Boards of Police Commissioners: executive circular, In the reign of Elizabeth, the high ways were filled with the throngs of the unemployed poor, who were made to "move on," and were sometimes brutally whipped, sometimes summarily hanged, aa "sturdy vagrants" or "incorrigible vagabonds." In France, just previous to the revolution, the punishment of being poor and out of work was, for the first offense, a term of years in the galleys, for the second offense, the galleys for life. In this country the monopoly of labor saving machinery and its devo tion to selfish instead of social use, have rendered more and more human beings...

2 THE JD"V"OO.T223. A BILLION DOLLAR OITT. Hew York Asmres to the Title and Is Proud of lt-The Sjbaritio Age. It may be truly eaid that this ia the day of luxury. It ia the Sybaritic age. Men spend more money for the good things of life now than ever before. When someone described the Fifty-first congress aa "a billion dollar congress" it waa thtught to be an appalling and al together exaggerated statement. Re cently we have been calling America "a billion dollar country." and we rather like the phrase. Now we can go a sten further and call New York "a billion dollar city," for never in the history of America has so much money been spent for luxuries and for entertainments. It may not be generally known, but it ia a fact, nevertheless, that there are over 8,000 men and women in America who are worth over $1,000,000 each. How many of these are worth $5 000.0C0, $10, 000,000, $25,000,000, $50,000,000, or $150, 000,000 I do not know, but there are enough men in New York who are worth f...

JL'JHID ADVOCATE. 3 THE DUTCH BAILWAYS. .. v The Government Will Eventually Own and Entirely Control All the Koada. London, November 1. All those who are in any way acquainted with Holland know with what regularity, deliberation and slowness the railroads of that coun try are conducted. To a stranger, and especially to an American, they eeem af fected with the eame phlegmatic temper ment for which the Dutchman himself is Loted. The disposition has its draw backs, but one of them is not over haste It is rare that a train runs off the line, and the casualties that occur are rather the result of slowness than of speed. For an active, busy and enterprising nation the railway mileage of Holland is small. This is to be accounted for in two ways: First, the country is email, and then it enjoys such an extent of navigable water. The total length of its canal system is 2,000 miles, in addition to which it has 3,000 miles of other kinds of navigable waters. To a country possessing such advant...

4 THE ADVOCATE. AND TOPEKA TEIBUXJE. OFFICIAL STATE PAPER. XT. JZ. P. A. PUBLISHED lVJtBI WlPNZSOAT BY THE ADVOCATE FU3L1SH1X3 COMPANY, Booms 43 and 45 Knox Building, TOPEKA. - . - KANSAS. $1.00 PER YEAH. ADVERTISING BATES. For single Insertion : Display matter, 20 cents per line, 14 lines to the lnco. Beading notices, 40 cents per Una. Discount for long-tune eon- tracts, ) Ind. Rural Press Aasoo'n, Chicago Office V. Q.VAsVixxx,Mgt. ) Boyce Building. Entered at the postofflce at Topeka, Kansas, as second class matter. WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1853. Whoever doubts the assertion that some very important political history is being repeated now should get a copy of Watson's Roman Sketches, advertised as an Advocate premium. It is one of the most instructive little books in the world. Don't fail to read it. s It is understood that Mr. Horn blower's appointment as judge of the supreme court is to be renewed at this session of congress in -order to compel the senate to act on the ap pointmen...