Pathways, complexes, and other systems

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that is prevalent worldwide. The tachyzoite form acquired by oral ingestion downmodulates proinflammatory signaling pathways via various mechanisms. During early infection, nuclear translocation of NFkB is temporally blocked and p38 MAPK phosphorylation is prevented, suppressing IL-12 production. Another pathway for IL-12 induction occurs through CCR5 dependent pathway, but parasitic induction of an eicosanoid LXA4 contributes to the downregulation of IL-12. Direct activation of STAT3 by the parasite enhance anti-inflammatory function of IL-10 and TGF beta. T. gondii can cause lifelong chronic infection by establishing an anti-apoptotic environment through induction of bcl-2 or IAPs and by redirecting LDL-mediated cholesterol transport to scavenge nutrients from the host.

Conserved domains that are specific hits to the proteins involved in biosystems, representing high confidence functional annotations. The association between the proteins and biosystems was made using the method described in the data processing section of the BioSystems help document.

The conserved biosystem, if one is available, that corresponds to an organism specific biosystem. Conserved biosystems are canonical biosystems that are used to group together orthologous, organism specific biosystems.

Biosystems share at least one identical protein sequence from the same source organism. In other words, the shared protein is in the same protein identity group ("PIG," a group of proteins that are identical in sequence) and has the same Taxonomy ID.

BioAssays in which compounds from biosystems have been found to be active. The association between the compounds and biosystems was made using the method described in the data processing section of the BioSystems help document.

3D macromolecular structures of proteins involved in biosystems. The association between the proteins and biosystems was made using the method described in the data processing section of the BioSystems help document.

The source organisms of the biosytems, whose Taxonomy IDs were provided in the biosystem records deposited by the source database. For additional information, see the data processing/taxonomy section of the BioSystems help document.