In Pictures: Crackdown in Brazil's favelas

The Brazilian government's 'pacification' initiative has led to drug busts and shootouts in Rio's favelas.

Just a few months before Rio de Janeiro welcomes visitors for the World Cup, and two years before it hosts the Olympics, security within the city remains a major issue.

The government currently promotes the policy of "pacification", where security forces engage in raids, drug busts, and even gunfights with suspected gang members. This pacification policy is supposed to pave the way for the development of long-neglected favelas in Rio, Brazil's second-biggest city and home to 11 million people.

Rio's government has established the Pacifying Police Unit, a military police team with the intent of establishing security and diminishing criminality with force.

These police units stand at the centre of Rio Governor Sergio Cabral Filho's security strategy. They have set up permanent stations in the working class areas or favelas in order to conduct routine patrols and to be able to quickly respond to gang activity, such as Comando Vermelho and Amigos dos Amigos (ADA), two large and often violent criminal organisations. There are now approximately 34 Pacifying Police Units in Rio, controlling more than 100 favelas where hundreds of thousands reside.

However, many of the favelas remain in the hands of an army of drug dealers and criminals who are not willing to step down or be pacified.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

Members of the Pacifying Police Unit (UPP) stand guard while children play on top of the Macaco favela in northern Rio de Janeiro.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

Marx and Chaves, two UPP patrol leaders, talk to locals about criminial activity in the favelas.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

While on patrol, each member of the unit is trained to look for suspicious activity and to provide cover for the other members.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

A child watches an UPP unit as they patrol a favela.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

Patrol leaders Damaso and Marx observe suspicious activity from a distance. UPP aggresively responds to suspected gang activity, which have led to shootouts.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

A gang member, also known as a (***)trafficante(***), poses with his weapons in one of the many non-pacified favelas of Rio de Janeiro.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

A drug dealer with the ADA gang counts money from a drug transaction. Cocaine and crack are the most popular drugs within the favelas.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

Chaves, a member of the police unit, pats down a suspect for drugs.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

UPP members frisk suspected drug dealers and gang members in the Macaco favela.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

Members of a family relax outside their home in Rocinha, a favela that(***)s home to the ADA gang.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

A desolated street in a favela. UPP operates in favelas that have not paid for public utilities. These favelas instead, give money to the controlling criminal organisations, leading to widespread tax evasion.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

A view of the Rochinha favela - one of the few pacified communities in Rio de Janeiro.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

Members of the Pacifying Police Unit (UPP) stand guard while children play on top of the Macaco favela in northern Rio de Janeiro.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

Marx and Chaves, two UPP patrol leaders, talk to locals about criminial activity in the favelas.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

While on patrol, each member of the unit is trained to look for suspicious activity and to provide cover for the other members.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

A child watches an UPP unit as they patrol a favela.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

Patrol leaders Damaso and Marx observe suspicious activity from a distance. UPP aggresively responds to suspected gang activity, which have led to shootouts.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

A gang member, also known as a (***)trafficante(***), poses with his weapons in one of the many non-pacified favelas of Rio de Janeiro.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

A drug dealer with the ADA gang counts money from a drug transaction. Cocaine and crack are the most popular drugs within the favelas.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

Chaves, a member of the police unit, pats down a suspect for drugs.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

UPP members frisk suspected drug dealers and gang members in the Macaco favela.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

Members of a family relax outside their home in Rocinha, a favela that(***)s home to the ADA gang.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

A desolated street in a favela. UPP operates in favelas that have not paid for public utilities. These favelas instead, give money to the controlling criminal organisations, leading to widespread tax evasion.

Sebastiano Tomada/Al Jazeera

A view of the Rochinha favela - one of the few pacified communities in Rio de Janeiro.