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Olweny, Tuttner, and Rofe concluded that cancer survivors enjoy a quality of life similar to their neighbors in all but one aspect of daily life: sexual functioning. Their study found that premature menopause was the most common difficulty for females and performance dysfunction was the most common problem for males who had been treated for cancer. Olweny, C., Tuttner, C., Rofe, P. (1993). Long-term effects of cancer treatment and consequences of cure: Cancer survivors enjoy quality of life similar to their neighbors. European Journal of Cancer and Clinical Oncology, 29A:826-830.

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4 Groups Who Need Psychosocial Assistance: zPatients with history of adverse events or unresolved personal concerns but who have been coping with life zPatients with pre-existing psychopathology zPatients who develop psychological treatment- related side effects: phobias, anticipatory N/V, fatigue, depression, anxiety, etc. zFamily members/caregivers

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When a referral is needed: zRefer when patient or family exhibits a behavior that interferes with the delivery of quality care or safety in the clinic or hospital zRefer for signs/symptoms of psychopathology, or significant stress in patient or family caregivers which interferes with the caregivers ability to provide support zRefer if patient develops side effects, symptoms, or behaviors that will affect quality of life during long-term survivorship.