Alternative Names

While "Shoshone" is the spelling preferred by the Shoshone people themselves, many linguists use "Shoshoni," since this spelling makes it clear that the final vowel is not silent. Anthropologists often distinguish among three major groups of Shoshone who occupied somewhat different natural environments: (1) the Western Shoshone, who occupied areas of central and northeastern Nevada and northern Utah, (2) the Northern Shoshone who occupied much of southern Idaho in the Snake and Salmon River region that is a transitional zone between the Great Basin and the northwestern Plains, and (3) the Eastern Shoshone of western Wyoming that abuts the northwestern Plains. The Shoshone had numerous subgroups that bear individual names. The geographically largest of these include the Goshiute, a Western Shoshone group who occupied the region south of Wendover in both Nevada and Utah, and the Panamint Shoshone, another Western Shoshone subgroup who occupied territory surrounding Death Valley in southern Nevada and contiguous southern California. There were also a host of smaller groups.

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