Aongstroemia contains about 10 species mostly at high elevations, widely distributed; three species in the Neotropics. Aongstroemia filiformis is frequent in open premontane to high montane sties, usually on exposed banks and road cuts, whereas A. julacea is restricted to subpáramo to full páramo sites, on soil, often inconspicuously associated with other tuft-forming bryophytes; A. orientalis is presently only known from the páramos of Venezuela.