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The preferred approach to the production of wastes such as waste avoidance, reduction, reuse and recycling as well as the philosophy of cleaner production will be discussed in detail together with considerations of on-site or off-site treatment. Techniques of minimising waste by conducting audits and evaluating alternatives based on economic, technical and social aspects will be covered in greater detail. This will be linked to the development and implementation of waste management plans. The various disposal techniques available for a range of hazardous materials will be discussed, e.g. burial, incineration, co-generation, pre-treatment, storage and immobilisation. In addition, the issues relating to the collection, transport and disposal of municipal wastes will be examined in the context of their contribution to the overall waste problem in Australia. Various alternatives for reducing and disposing of this waste stream will be examined. Students will undertake a research project consisting of a detailed plan for evaluating waste production and developing options for minimising and/or recycling wastes.