Malignant teratoma

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Malignant teratoma is a type of cancer made of cysts that contain one or more of the three layers of cells found in a developing baby (embryo). These layers are called ectoderms, mesoderms, and endoderms.

Causes

Malignant teratoma occurs most often in young men in their 20s - 30s. It is often located in the chest area. Most malignant teratomas can spread throughout the body, and have spread by the time of diagnosis.

A number of other cancers are often associated with these tumors, including:

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma

Malignant histiocytosis

Myelodysplasia (MDS)

Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma

Symptoms

Symptoms include:

Chest pain or pressure

Cough

Fatigue

Limited ability to tolerate exercise

Shortness of breath

Exams and Tests

The health care provider will perform a physical exam, which may reveal blockage of veins entering the center of the chest due to increased pressure in the chest area.

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