7th grade Science Review Boxes

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Transcript of 7th grade Science Review Boxes

Lets go!Are you ready?7th Grade Science Review BoxesThis review is just the tip of the information you learned in science in 7th grade. You really need to study it and review to know the whole "iceberg"Explain the function of the cell’s organelle:Chloroplast- Makes the food of the plant cell. ONLY in plant cells and some protists

Cell wall (only in plants)-cell walls made of cellulose for support and strength.

Cell membrane- (In all cells)the covering of the cell. Controls nutrients into the cell and sending waste products out.

Nucleus-The nucleus is the control center and tells all of the other organelles what to do. The nucleus also stores the DNA.

Vacuole- storage areas in both animal and plant cells but are much larger in plantsCytoplasm-is the fluid that fills a cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum: where most chemical reactions take place. The cell makes lipids and other chemicals and it sometimes has ribosomes attached.

Lysosome: known as the cleaners of the cell. Found in all animal cells. They digest things and break them up.

Golgi bodies: Packages products from the ER and the ribosomes into their final form and send them to cells that need it.

Mitochondria :the powerhouses of the cell. Mitochondria take in sugar and create ATP, the type of energy your cells need to function.

Ribosomes In every cell has, including bacteria. Ribosomes use DNA to make proteins.Evidence for EvolutionCase Study: Whales

Fossil record - Transition animals in rock layers show they were once ocean animals, with legs, pelvic bone, moving nostrils

DNA - all livings things have DNA or RNA and it shows that this is something conserved over time, that they have a common ancestor

Structures - bones even today show they have flippers closer to our hands/mammals than to fish fins (they use their backbone to move up and down rather side to side like a fish

Radiometric Dating - Shows that fossils can be millions of years old, and whales once lived in ancient seas that no longer existDefine/Describe the following words:

Chromosome - A long strand of DNA in the nucleus of a cell

Gene - A segment of DNA that codes for a particular trait

Dominant-Allele/trait that shows up in appearance whenever present. Represented by a capital letter. ex: B for black dominant hair

Recessive - Allele/trait that is masked by a dominant trait and only appears when two copies are present ex: b for white recessive hair.

Heterozygous - Two different variations of a trait are present (Ex. Aa)

Homozygous - Two of the same traits are present (Ex. AA or aa)

The chart starts here but we can go back even smaller.*Draw an example of each from the picture on the next page!Lets talk about Genetic crosses and punnett squaresTom and Alice are the parents of four children. Tom has earlobes ?that are not attached, which is dominant (E). Alice has earlobes that ?are attached, which is recessive (e). Fill out 2 Punnett squares that ?could describe their family.Remember!Let's talk about the levels of Classification:There are 3 Domains!All of the kingdoms fit into these three domainsYou need to memorize the Animal Phyla's and their characteristics=so basically this page!Most energy available to the next levelLeast amount of energy avaliableThe arrows show where the energy starts and where it is transferred to in a food web!!Draw the web and the Sol note!Means water!**Watch the next movie and explain how each picture shows each term.Write an adaptation for each animal to survive in each biomeThe fossils show the loss of their arm as it becomes more fin like.Mossesfernspines/conifersFlowersnose!pinesStayin' AliveLiving things, no matter their complexity, need to carry out the following processes to be successful: 1. Exchange Gases: Animals: take in oxygen and release carbon dioxidePlants: take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen2. Obtain and Use Energy: Energy is used to power cellsAnimals: eat to obtain energyPlants: make their own food through photosynthesis3. Respond to Stimuli: sense and respond to changes in the environment4. Grow and Develop: get bigger and change over time5. Reproduction: make more individualsLet's talk about how organisms and species change over time:Let's Talk About DNA!Let's Talk About Energy and Interactions in Ecosystems

An ecosystem is made of all of the living and nonliving factors in an area.Let's Talk About: The Needs and Characteristics of Living Things AndHow They Are Organized and Classified Let's Talk About Cells and Cell Division!EvolutionEvolution is the idea that species must change over time to adapt to their environment. If they don't change, often a species can become extinct.This process happens through...Natural Selection: Those animals that are best adapted to their environment will survive and produce more offspring than others. That way, their specific traits get passed down to the next generation.It Leads to:Adaptataions:An inherited (gotten from parents) characteristics that increases an organism's ability to survive.