Nikotinate transforms into the Nicotinamide and Deamido-NAD(P)
('+) by the action of the following enzymes: ADP-ribosyl cyclase 2
precursor ( BST1 ) [39], [40] and by ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1
( CD38 ). These enzymes also catalyze the five other reactions: 1- formation
2'-Phospho-cADPribose and Nicotinamide from NAD(P) ('+)[41], [42], [43] for CD38 (References on the
literature remain the same for all reactions if others are not showed ), 2 - further
conversation 2'-Phospho-cADPribose into the 2'-Phospho-ADPribose,
3-formation cADPribose and Nicotinamid e from NAD ('+)[44] for CD38, 4 - furher transformation cADPribose into the
ADP-D-ribose[45], [46], [43], [47], [48], [49] for CD38. ADP-D-ribose and
2'-phospho-ADPribose participate in ATP metabolism. And the last reaction is
formation NAD ('+) from Deamido-NAD ('+) and
Nicotinamide. One more way NAD ('+) formation from
Deamido-NAD ('+) exists by the action of Glutamine-dependent NAD
(+) synthetase ( NAD synthetase 1 ) [50], [51],
[52].

NADP + can obtain from from NAD + by two ways. In
the first case reaction catalyzed by NAD kinase ( PPNK ) [108]. In the
second case NAD + react with NADPH with forming NADP+ and
NADH is catalyzed by NAD(P) transhydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor (
NNTM ) [109], [110]. Then NADH can transform into
the NAD + in the presence of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (
CYB5R3 ) [111], [112], [113], [114].