From the Key Actions: "The Chief Information Officers Council (CIO Council) has developed a list of action items to execute the Cloud Smart strategy. These actions will constitute a work plan aimed at creating and updating programs, policies, and resources that the whole of Government will use to advance the Cloud Smart agenda. Additionally, all Federal agencies will rationalize their application portfolios to drive Federal cloud adoption. The rationalization process will involve reducing an application portfolio by 1) assessing the need for and usage of applications; and 2) discarding obsolete, redundant, or overly resource-intensive applications. Decreased application management responsibilities will free agencies to focus on improving service delivery by optimizing their remaining applications. To support these rationalization efforts, the CIO Council will develop best practices and other resources. Furthermore, while the initial Cloud Smart work plan will be executed over an eighteen-month period, its actions will be refreshed continuously as needed to keep up with the changing cloud market and emerging technologies."

United States. White House Office; United States. Office of Management and Budget; Chief Financial Officers Council (U.S.)

Kent, Suzette

2019-06-24

Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies: Federal Data Strategy - A Framework for Consistency

From the Document: "New tools, technologies, and norms are creating opportunity to use data to bolster the Federal Government's mission delivery, service design, and tax-dollar stewardship for the public. In order to leverage these opportunities, the Government must address consistency in skills, interoperability, and best practices in how agencies use and manage data. This memorandum establishes a Federal Data Strategy (Strategy) as a framework of operational principles and best practices that help agencies deliver on the promise of data in the 21 st century. Through consistent data infrastructure and practices, the Strategy will enable Government to fully leverage data as a strategic asset by supporting strong data governance and providing the protection and security that the American people, businesses, and partners deserve."

United States. White House Office; United States. Office of Management and Budget

From Section 1: "The Attorney General is currently conducting a review of intelligence activities relating to the campaigns in the 2016 Presidential election and certain related matters. The heads of elements of the intelligence community, as defined in 50 U.S.C. 3003(4), and the heads of each department or agency that includes an element of the intelligence community shall promptly provide such assistance and information as the Attorney General may request in connection with that review."

United States. White House Office

Trump, Donald, 1946-

2019-05-23

Emerging Technologies and Their Expected Impact on Non-Federal Spectrum Demand

From the Executive Summary: "The Presidential Memorandum of October 25, 2018, 'Developing a Sustainable Spectrum Strategy for America's Future,' calls for the development of a National Spectrum Strategy. The development of the strategy is to be informed by three interim products, one of which is a report on emerging technologies and their expected impact on non-Federal spectrum demand, to be submitted to the President by the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) or the Director's designee. The purpose of this paper is to assist OSTP in developing the required report."

United States. White House Office

2019-05

Research and Development Priorities for American Leadership in Wireless Communications

From the Key Takeaways: "This report on recommendations for national spectrum research and development (R&D) priorities sets a vision to improve the national economic impact of electromagnetic spectrum for an increasingly wide range of communications, networking, location, and other applications while preserving and protecting national security and public safety. This priorities report is one step in defining an overall approach to position the United States as a world leader in next-generation spectrum technologies that more effectively leverage time, frequency, space, code, waveform, and networks. The report recommendations identify R&D actions in three priority areas that can increase the effectiveness and efficiency of spectrum utilization through (1) spectrum agility, (2) near real-time spectrum awareness, and (3) adaptive spectrum decision making."

From the Executive Summary: "The Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) has previously estimated that the annual economic cost of the opioid crisis is substantially higher than previously thought, at over half a trillion dollars in 2015. In order to better understand the spread of the crisis and mitigate its large costs, it is crucial to understand all the factors underlying it. In this report, the CEA describes and analyzes two separate waves of the crisis--the first wave, from 2001 to 2010, which was characterized by growing overdose deaths involving the misuse of prescription opioids; and the second wave, from 2010 to 2016, which was characterized by growing overdose deaths involving illicitly manufactured opioids (heroin and fentanyl). We find that in the first wave, prescription opioid prices fell in conjunction with expanded government health care coverage and a rising market share of generic opioids. In the second wave, supply expansions of illicit opioids reduced their prices."

United States. White House Office; Council of Economic Advisers (U.S.)

From the Document: "Space weather comprises a set of naturally occurring phenomena that have the potential to adversely affect critical functions, assets, and operations in space and on Earth. Extreme space weather events can degrade or damage critical infrastructures, which may result in direct or cascading failures across key services such as electric power, communications, water supply, healthcare, and transportation. Preparing for space weather events will help protect infrastructure and activities vital to national security and the economy of the United States. [...] This National Space Weather Strategy and Action Plan (hereafter referred to as the Strategy and Action Plan) identifies key objectives and activities that will improve national preparedness for space weather events over the next 10 years. It leverages existing national efforts and seeks to align ongoing and future space weather activities to increase associated Federal Government efficiency and to enhance American innovation."

From the Document: "The Global Health Security Strategy outlines the United States Government's approach to strengthen global health security, including accelerating the capabilities of targeted countries to prevent, detect, and respond to infectious disease outbreaks. Together with the National Security Strategy, National Biodefense Strategy, and executive order on 'Advancing the Global Health Agenda to Achieve a World Safe and Secure from Infectious Disease Threats,' the Global Health Security Strategy guides the Federal Government in protecting the United States and its partners abroad from infectious disease threats by working with other nations, international organizations, and nongovernmental stakeholders. The Global Health Security Strategy supports the National Security and Biodefense Strategies, and further describes how the United States will prevent, detect, and respond to infectious disease threats globally and domestically. The Global Health Security Strategy also delineates how the United States Government will achieve the National Security Strategy priority actions of 'Detecting and Containing Biothreats at their Source' and 'Improving Emergency Response' domestically as part of the global health security system."

From the Executive Summary: "Since the founding of the Nation, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) have been a source of inspirational discoveries and transformative technological advances, helping the United States develop the world's most competitive economy and preserving peace through strength. The pace of innovation is accelerating globally, and with it the competition for scientific and technical talent. Now more than ever the innovation capacity of the United States--and its prosperity and security--depends on an effective and inclusive STEM education ecosystem. Individual success in the 21st century economy is also increasingly dependent on STEM literacy; simply to function as an informed consumer and citizen in a world of increasingly sophisticated technology requires the ability to use digital devices and STEM skills such as evidence-based reasoning. [...] The Federal Government has a key role to play in furthering STEM education by working in partnership with stakeholders at all levels and seeking to remove barriers to participation in STEM careers, especially for women and other underrepresented groups. Accordingly, this report sets out a Federal strategy for the next five years based on a Vision for a future where all Americans will have lifelong access to high-quality STEM education and the United States will be the global leader in STEM literacy, innovation, and employment."

United States. White House Office

Vought, Russell T.

2018-12

National Strategy for Aviation Security of the United States of America

"Consistent with the President's National Security Strategy, this new NSAS [National Strategy for Aviation Security] focuses first on protecting the United States and its interests. It broadens the scope of potential threats to, or disruption of, the Aviation Ecosystem beyond the previous more narrow focus on terrorist groups, criminals, and hostile nation states to also include insiders, foreign intelligence activities, and the spread of infectious disease via air travel. The new NSAS directs a holistic and adaptive approach to securing the Aviation Ecosystem that prioritizes enhanced domain awareness, collection of anticipatory information, augmentation and sustainment of layered security measures, improved system resilience, and effective engagement with government and private-sector partners. The NSAS underscores the importance of, and recognizes the interdependent roles of, Federal, State, and local authorities, the private-sector, and international partners to securing the system and facilitating aviation safety and commerce."

United States. White House Office

2018-12

National Strategy to Combat Terrorist Travel of the United States of America

"The National Strategy to Combat Terrorist Travel presents an integrated plan to ensure the United States stops terrorist attempts to travel to conduct attacks on the homeland or against our interests abroad. The strategy outlines how the United States Government will expand coordination and maximize the full capabilities of Federal departments and agencies to identify, detect, and deter terrorists from transiting international borders. The United States Government will use all available tools to constrain terrorist travel planning, facilitation, and mobilization, including providing support to law enforcement, private-sector partners, and communities. Key to detecting and interdicting terrorists attempting to travel will be enhancing systems that validate identities and advancing the use of biometric technologies. The United States Government will work closely with state, local, tribal, and territorial governments to achieve these goals. The strategy also recognizes that the United States cannot pursue these goals alone - our foreign partners are vital to the effort to identify, disrupt and deter terrorist travel. The United States Government will therefore leverage foreign partners to improve global travel security capabilities and capacity consistent with strong counterterrorism (CT) measures that the United States has pioneered since the attacks of September 11, 2001."

United States. White House Office

2018-12

National Strategy for Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Terrorism

From the Executive Summary: "The National Strategy for Countering WMD [weapons of mass destruction] Terrorism describes the United States Government's approach to countering non-state WMD threats, emphasizing the need for continuous pressure against WMD-capable terrorist groups, enhanced security for dangerous materials throughout the world, and increased burden sharing among our foreign partners. The United States will draw on the full range of our nation's and partner nations' capabilities to place WMD and associated materials and expertise beyond the reach of terrorists. We will also strengthen our defenses at home to ensure the peace and security to which every American is entitled. [...] The National Strategy for Countering WMD Terrorism is designed to achieve a set of strategic objectives whose common purpose is to greatly reduce the probability that extremist groups and individuals will conduct attacks using WMD."

United States. White House Office

2018-12

National Strategy for Counterterrorism of the United States of America

From the Executive Summary: "Today's terrorist landscape is more fluid and complex than ever. For this reason, counterterrorism remains a top priority for this Administration. Our principal terrorist enemies are radical Islamist terrorist groups that seek to conduct attacks globally, violate our borders, and radicalize and recruit potential extremists within the United States and abroad. We continue to face threats from Iran, the most prominent state sponsor of terrorism, through its global network of operatives and its ongoing support to an array of terrorist groups. Terrorists motivated by other forms of extremism also use violence to threaten the homeland and challenge United States interests. These terrorist threats are different in many ways, but they all seek to use violence to undermine the United States and disrupt the American way of life."

United States. White House Office

2018-10

Executive Order 13848: Imposing Certain Sanctions in the Event of Foreign Interference in a United States Election

"I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United States of America, find that the ability of persons located, in whole or in substantial part, outside the United States to interfere in or undermine public confidence in United States elections, including through the unauthorized accessing of election and campaign infrastructure or the covert distribution of propaganda and disinformation, constitutes an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States. Although there has been no evidence of a foreign power altering the outcome or vote tabulation in any United States election, foreign powers have historically sought to exploit America's free and open political system. In recent years, the proliferation of digital devices and internet-based communications has created significant vulnerabilities and magnified the scope and intensity of the threat of foreign interference, as illustrated in the 2017 Intelligence Community Assessment. I hereby declare a national emergency to deal with this threat."

United States. White House Office; United States. Executive Office of the President

Trump, Donald, 1946-

2018-09-12

How China's Economic Aggression Threatens the Technologies and Intellectual Property of the United States and the World

"The People's Republic of China (China) has experienced rapid economic growth to become the world's second largest economy while modernizing its industrial base and moving up the global value chain. However, much of this growth has been achieved in significant part through aggressive acts, policies, and practices that fall outside of global norms and rules (collectively, 'economic aggression'). Given the size of China's economy and the extent of its market-distorting policies, China's economic aggression now threatens not only the U.S. economy but also the global economy as a whole. [...] This report will document the major acts, policies, and practices of Chinese industrial policy used to implement these two strategies. Through such implementation, the Chinese State seeks to access the crown jewels of American technology and intellectual property."

United States. White House Office of Trade and Manufacturing Policy

2018-06

Update on the President's Commission on Combating Drug Addiction and the Opioid Crisis: One Year Later

From the Introduction: "The President's Commission on Combating Drug Addiction and the Opioid Crisis (the Commission) was established by Executive Order on March 29, 2017. The Commission issued an interim report during the summer with nine recommendations and its final report on November 1, 2017. The final report not only brought needed attention to the crisis, but also included 56 additional recommendations that fell broadly into nine overarching goals. In the year following this report, the Trump Administration is pleased to announce there has been extraordinary progress made toward achieving these goals."

This directive is an amendment to Presidential Policy Directive-4. "Presidential Policy Directive-4 of June 28, 2010 (National Space Policy), is amended as follows: The paragraph beginning 'Set far-reaching exploration milestones' is deleted and replaced with the following: 'Lead an innovative and sustainable program of exploration with commercial and international partners to enable human expansion across the solar system and to bring back to Earth new knowledge and opportunities. Beginning with missions beyond low-Earth orbit, the United States will lead the return of humans to the Moon for long-term exploration and utilization, followed by human missions to Mars and other destinations;.'"

"This National Security Strategy sets a positive strategic direction for the United States that is meant to reassert America's advantages on the world stage and to build upon our country's great strengths. During the Trump Administration, the American people can be confident that their security and prosperity will always come first. A secure, prosperous, and free America will be strong and ready to lead abroad to protect our interests and our way of life. America's renewed strategic confidence is anchored in our recommitment to the principles inscribed in our founding documents. The National Security Strategy celebrates and protects what we hold dear - individual liberty, the rule of law, a democratic system of government, tolerance, and opportunity for all. By knowing ourselves and what we stand for, we clarify what we must defend and we establish guiding principles for our actions. This strategy is guided by principled realism. It is realist because it acknowledges the central role of power in international politics, affirms that sovereign states are the best hope for a peaceful world, and clearly defines our national interests. It is principled because it is grounded in the knowledge that advancing American principles spreads peace and prosperity around the globe. We are guided by our values and disciplined by our interests. This Administration has a bright vision of America's future."

United States. White House Office

2017-12

Vulnerabilities Equities Policy and Process for the United States Government

"This document describes the Vulnerabilities Equities Policy and Process for departments and agencies of the United States Government (USG) to balance equities and make determinations regarding disclosure or restriction when the USG obtains knowledge of newly discovered and not publicly known vulnerabilities in information systems and technologies. The primary focus of this policy is to prioritize the public's interest in cybersecurity and to protect core Internet infrastructure, information systems, critical infrastructure systems, and the U.S. economy through the disclosure of vulnerabilities discovered by the USG, absent a demonstrable, overriding interest in the use of the vulnerability for lawful intelligence, law enforcement, or national security purposes."

"The opioid drug problem has reached crisis levels in the United States--in 2015, over 33,000 Americans died of a drug overdose involving opioids. CEA [Council of Economic Advisers] finds that previous estimates of the economic cost of the opioid crisis greatly understate it by undervaluing the most important component of the loss--fatalities resulting from overdoses. This paper estimates the economic cost of these deaths using conventional economic estimates for valuing life routinely used by U.S. Federal agencies. It also adjusts for underreporting of opioids in overdose deaths, includes heroin-related fatalities, and incorporates nonfatal costs of opioid misuse. CEA estimates that in 2015, the economic cost of the opioid crisis was $504.0 billion, or 2.8 percent of GDP that year. This is over six times larger than the most recently estimated economic cost of the epidemic."

"'The newly released Vulnerabilities Equities Process (VEP) Charter spells out how the Federal Government will handle the process that determines whether the Government will notify a private company about a cybersecurity flaw in its product or service or refrain from disclosing the flaw so it can be used for operational or intelligence-gathering purposes.' Today, executive departments and agencies released a new charter governing the Vulnerability Equities Process (VEP). The charter builds on lessons learned and improves the Federal Government's implementation of this important process, and its release marks a significant increase in transparency about this topic."

"The United States Government's ability to effectively analyze, evaluate, integrate, correlate, and share classified national security information and other information concerning threat actors and their networks, and then use that information to support a broad array of national security missions and activities, is an essential component of our national security strategy. [...] Therefore, to protect against actors who threaten our Nation, it is the policy of the United States to: (a) lawfully identify, integrate, and make available thorough, accurate, and timely national security threat actor information; (b) effectively manage that information within appropriate policy frameworks and technical architectures, including data repositories, integrated systems, and cloud architectures; (c) where appropriate and consistent with applicable law, deliberately use that information to support national security activities; and (d) where appropriate and consistent with applicable law, share relevant and releasable information, products, and outputs with foreign governments, international organizations, and State, local, territorial, tribal, and private-sector partners where required to support activities that benefit national security. National security threat actor information comprises identity attributes and associated information about individuals, organizations, groups, or networks assessed to be a threat to the safety, security, or national interests of the United States that fall into one or more of the categories listed in the annex to this memorandum."

United States. White House Office

Trump, Donald, 1946-

2017-10-04

Economic Report of the President, Together with the Annual Report of the Council of Economic Advisers

"Eight years ago when I took office, our economy was in crisis. We were just months into the worst recession since the Great Depression, with unemployment rising rapidly toward a peak of 10 percent. Nearly 800,000 Americans were losing their jobs each month, and home prices and the stock market had plummeted. The auto industry was on the verge of collapse. Many American families struggled to pay their bills, and millions had lost their homes. Faced with this crisis, my Administration acted quickly, taking steps to shore up the financial system; cut taxes for working families; invest in infrastructure, clean energy, and teacher jobs; help families refinance their homes; and rescue the auto industry. These actions stemmed the tide of the crisis and laid the foundation for a stronger economy over the long term. Today, thanks to the resilience of the American people, our economy has emerged as the strongest and most durable in the world. By nearly every economic measure, America is better off than when I took office. We are in the midst of the longest streak of job growth on record. U.S. businesses have added 15.6 million jobs since early 2010. The unemployment rate has been cut by more than half from its peak, falling much faster than economists expected. Rising home prices have brought millions of homeowners back above water, we are less reliant on foreign oil than we have been in nearly three decades, and we have cut our budget deficit by two-thirds as a share of the economy."

From the Foreword: "This is the 15th report prepared pursuant to section 421 of the U.S.-China Relations Act of 2000 (P.L. 106- 286), 22 U.S.C. § 6951 (the Act), which requires the United States Trade Representative (USTR) to report annually to Congress on compliance by the People's Republic of China (China) with commitments made in connection with its accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), including both multilateral commitments and any bilateral commitments made to the United States. The report covers calendar year 2016. It also incorporates the findings of the Overseas Compliance Program, as required by section 413(b)(2) of the Act, 22 U.S.C. § 6943(b)(2). Like the prior reports, this report is structured as an examination of the nine broad categories of WTO commitments undertaken by China. Throughout the report, USTR has attempted to provide as complete a picture of China's WTO compliance as possible, subject to the inherent constraints presented by the sheer volume and complexity of the required changes to China's trade regime and transparency obstacles. The report identifies areas where progress has been achieved and underscores areas of concern, as appropriate, with regard to the commitments that became effective upon China's accession to the WTO as well as those commitments scheduled to be phased in over time."

"The 'Joint United States-Canada Electric Grid Security and Resilience Strategy' (Strategy) is a collaborative effort between the Federal Governments of the United States and Canada and is intended to strengthen the security and resilience of the U.S. and Canadian electric grid from all adversarial, technological, and natural hazards and threats. The Strategy, released concurrently with this 'National Electric Grid Security and Resilience Action Plan' (Action Plan), details bilateral goals to address the vulnerabilities of the respective and shared electric grid infrastructure of the United States and Canada, not only as an energy security concern, but for reasons of national security. The implementation of the Strategy requires continued action of a nationwide network of governments, departments and agencies (agencies), and private sector partners. This Action Plan details the activities, deliverables, and timelines that will be undertaken primarily by U.S. Federal agencies for the United States to make progress toward the Strategy's goals. The security and resilience of the integrated U.S. and Canadian electric grid is dynamic. New threats, hazards, and vulnerabilities emerge even as the two countries work to prevent, protect against, and mitigate their potential consequences and to improve their ability to respond to, and recover from, disruptive incidents. Secure and reliable electricity is essential for safe and continued operation of infrastructure owned by businesses, governments, schools, hospitals, and other organizations."

United States. White House Office

2016-12

Report on the Legal and Policy Frameworks Guiding the United States' Use of Military Force and Related National Security Operations

From the foreword by President Barack Obama: "Decisions regarding war and peace are among the most important any President faces. It is critical, therefore, that such decisions are made pursuant to a policy and legal framework that affords clear guidance internally, reduces the risk of an ill-considered decision, and enables the disclosure of as much information as possible to the public, consistent with national security and the proper functioning of the Government, so that an informed public can scrutinize our actions and hold us to account. [...] It describes, among other things, how my Administration has ensured that our uses of force overseas are supported by a solid domestic law framework and consistent with an international legal framework predicated on the concepts of sovereignty and self-defense embedded in the United Nations Charter. And it describes how the United States has applied rules, practices, and policies long used in traditional warfare to this new type of conflict. [...] In conjunction with the release of this report, I am issuing a Presidential Memorandum that encourages future Administrations to build on this report and carry forward the principles of transparency it represents. In particular, the memorandum states that the National Security Council staff shall be asked, as appropriate, to update the report at least on an annual basis and to arrange for the report to be released to the public."

"This Joint United States-Canada Electric Grid Security and Resilience Strategy (Strategy) is a collaborative effort between the Federal Governments of the United States and Canada and is intended to strengthen the security and resilience of the U.S. and Canadian electric grid from all adversarial, technological, and natural hazards and threats. The Strategy addresses the vulnerabilities of the two countries' respective and shared electric grid infrastructure, not only as an energy security concern, but for reasons of national security. This joint Strategy relies on the existing strong bilateral collaboration between the United States and Canada, and reflects a joint commitment to enhance a shared approach to risk management for the electric grid. It also articulates a common vision of the future electric grid that depends on effective and expanded collaboration among those who own, operate, protect, and rely on the electric grid. Because the electric grid is complex, vital to the functioning of modern society, and dependent on other infrastructure for its function, the United States and Canada developed the Strategy under the shared principle that security and resilience require increasingly collaborative efforts and shared approaches to risk management."

United States. White House Office

2016-12

Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity: Report on Securing and Growing the Digital Economy

"Recognizing the extraordinary benefit interconnected technologies bring to our digital economy-and equally mindful of the accompanying challenges posed by threats to the security of the cyber landscape-President Obama established this Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity. He directed the Commission to assess the state of our nation's cybersecurity, and he charged this group with developing actionable recommendations for securing the digital economy. The President asked that this enhanced cybersecurity be achieved while at the same time protecting privacy, ensuring public safety and economic and national security, and fostering the discovery and development of new technical solutions. [...] From these discussions, some firm conclusions emerged. Partnerships-between countries, between the national government and the states, between governments at all levels and the private sector-are a powerful tool for encouraging the technology, policies, and practices we need to secure and
grow the digital economy. The Commission asserts that the joint collaboration between the public and private sectors before, during, and after a cyber event must be strengthened. When it comes to cybersecurity, organizations cannot operate in isolation. Resilience must be a core component of any cybersecurity strategy; today's dynamic cyber threat environment demands a risk management approach for responding to and recovering from an attack."

United States. White House Office

2016-12-01

Strategy for Integrating Best Practices with New Science to Prevent Disease Transmission by Aedes Mosquito Vectors

"Zika is the latest-but likely not the last-of a series of microbial challenges to public health in the United States and across the globe. The Zika public-health emergency in the Americas first emerged in late 2015, with reports of elevated rates of microcephaly in newborn babies following Zika infection in mothers during pregnancy. The research community continues to evaluate the types, extent, rates, and factors contributing to the adverse outcomes that can occur following Zika infection, and to develop the necessary medical diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. One constant in many recent infectious disease outbreaks-including Zika, dengue, and chikungunya in the United States and its territories, and yellow fever in Africa-is transmission of the viruses by mosquito vectors, most often Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito, but possibly in some circumstances Ae. albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito. Humanity has successfully controlled mosquitoes in the past through rigorous interventions, but societies and environments have changed. Increasingly dense urban populations and waste produce more standing water in which mosquitoes can breed near housing, insecticide resistance and adaptive behaviors have reduced the effectiveness of standard vector-control practices, and there are higher community expectations for engagement and consultation on which strategies should be used to control these mosquitoes. […] Whether implementing old or new mosquito-vector-control techniques, community education and engagement on the acceptability of interventions remains critical; without community support that allows the use of such techniques, mosquito-vectored endemic disease and sporadic epidemics will continue to occur."