Treat Children's OTC Medicines with Care

Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines can help ease a child's aches and pains, but you
should know a few things before you pop open a bottle.

Many of the medicines we buy do not need a prescription. We use them to prevent unnecessary
healthcare providers' visits, help control symptoms, and make kids more comfortable.
But the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) warns that this doesn't mean OTCs are
harmless. Like prescription medicines, OTCs can be very dangerous to a child if not
taken correctly. Parents need to read and understand all instructions before giving
any medication to a child.

Understand the label

Generally, medicines are safe when used as directed. But pay attention to those words
"use as directed." These are serious medicines, so you must read, understand, and
follow the instructions on the label. Also, you need to check with your healthcare
provider when in doubt about treating your child.

Don't give any OTC medicines to children younger than 2 years old unless you've already
discussed it with your healthcare provider. The FDA and the AAP advise against giving
over-the-counter cough and cold medicines to infants and small children because of
the risk of life-threatening side effects. Studies have shown cough and cold products
may not help the symptoms of children under 6 years old, and may cause serious problems.

When's the best time to seek advice about the right way to treat your child's headache
or fever? Ask your healthcare provider during routine visits, or read information
from reputable sources. Many healthcare providers can suggest or provide material.

The ABCs of OTCs

Here are tips on OTC medicines from the AAP and FDA:

Don't guess about your children's dose based on their size. Read the label.

Know the difference between TBSP (tablespoon, approximately 15 ml) and TSP
(teaspoon, approximately 5 ml). They're very different. Use a measuring spoon
or dosing cup. Do not use eating utensils.

Be careful about converting dose instructions. If the label says 2 teaspoons,
use a measuring spoon or dosing cup marked in teaspoons.

Don't play healthcare provider. Don't double the dose just because your child
seems sicker than last time.

Before you give your child 2 medicines at the same time, talk to your healthcare
provider or pharmacist.

Acetaminophen and aspirin can be especially dangerous for children. Always ask
your healthcare provider or pharmacist if it is safe for your child and what
dose to give.

Follow any age and weight limits on the label.

Never let children take medicines by themselves.

Never describe medicine as candy so kids will take it. If they come across the
medicine on their own, they're likely to think of it as candy.

Always give medicine in good light. Darkness increases the risk of giving the
wrong medicine or dosage.

Read the label before opening the bottle, after removing a dose, and again
before giving the dose.