0 ONE, 2 OR 3 WHEELED VEHICLES

Chopper on Internet from the site : www.strangevehicles.com

Rolligon on Farm-O-Road of Crosley, 1954, modified by Bergen Engineering and Development Corp., New Jersey. Picture from book of Fred Crismon ‘US Military Wheeled Vehicles’, Crestline Publishing (Motorbook), 1983.

1x1 Carrier, about 1965, with drum shaped wheel. This invention, like many others, was not adapted. This one did not offered sufficient mobility. Picture from book of Fred Crismon ‘US Military Wheeled Vehicles’, Crestline Publishing (Motorbook), 1983.

Renault Ares 640 three wheels trike in the 90s. Renault stands in Boulogne, France. From www.renaultoloog.nl

AS 24 of FN. Pict J M M at Loco en Fête, La Ferté Alais, 2009 06 13.

FN AS 24 and trailer from Herstal, Belgium.

Tricar FN AS24, 3x2, built at 460 copies from 1960 by FN Herstal, Belgium. It was fitted with Lypsoïd tires and had a mass of 224 kg. A trailer can be seen. Pict J M M on 2009 02 at Bruxells Aviation Museum.

All Terrain bicycles. Pict J M M at Le Lioran, France, 2010 08.

Charles Taylor's One Wheel Experiment. C Taylor, Golden, Colorado, thought, since 1939, 4 or 2 wheeled vehicles were able to run on flat ground but unsuited to mountain trails. He had engineering capabilities to build working prototypes of one wheel with gyroscopes. All steering and balance were electro-mechanical, there were no computers. He filled patent in 1960 and tested them until mid-60s but if unusual, they were not really off-road. http://blog.hemmings.com/index.php/2008/06/05/tractor-tires-and-gyroscopes-charles-taylors-one-wheel-experiments/

Cugnot's Fardier, the very first car, exposed nowadays at Arts & Métiers Conservatory in Paris. It was not off-road since almost all the weight is on the front narrow wheel. Pictured by J M M on 5 February 2004, Paris.

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Steel Wheel of Yield wheel from Cab-Craft Lyd, Wolverhampton, GB in 1983. It was a steel construction with horizontal lugs angled at 30°. Stated to produce shallower rutting and less compaction than single tires, duals, standard cage wheels or tyres and cages combined. From Power Farming, 1983.

Wrap Around Tracks fitted to existing tires to make them wider, until 1,6 m. Around 1990, probably made by Hultdins, Sweden and Canada.

Three wheels type marsh Buggy in aluminum. Floats with 272 kg payload, has a hydraulic winch. Manufactured in Louisiana. http://www.impact-enterprises.com/photo/0519011a.jpg

http://www.impact-enterprises.com/0519.htm § 5.19.11

Wave less road roller, 1926, with Orolo tracks, built by J Allen & Sons, Oxford. Pict from the book of Stuart Gibbard, Roadless, the Story of Roadless Traction from Tracks to Tractors, Farming Press, 1996.

LeTourneau Tree Roller, 1954, designed to clear forests. Many other large forestry machines will be built by the well-known R.G. LeTourneau, which was a pioneer in big earthmoving machines. Pict from a brochure.

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'Star Wheel' Tree Crusher of Letourneau, 1965, prototype model featured with steel hexagonal wheels to knock down large trees with its T shaped push beam. Engine Detroit Diesel 475 hp. Tree Crushers were built from 1956 to 1967 in different series (like series 'G') and different sizes. Pict J M M collection.

http://www.bosscatlegacy.com/acproto/water/acprotowater.htm

Rokon Scout 2x2 from the early 80s, 6 hp, 56 km/h, goes anywhere. Rokon was created by Charles Fehn in 1950 and produced in the late 50s by Nethercutt Industries and called Rokon in 1963. From the beginning, these 2 wheeled drive machines caught the imagination of many. Today, Rokon International Inc. is located at Rochester, NH.

At that time, nobodywas surprisednothing.

Three-roller Dodge Power Wagon 3x3 from 1953-54 invented by William Albee and built by the West Coast Machinery Company of Stockton, California. 135 Hp Chrysler engine. Rolligons of W. Albee served as suspensions. Pict from the book of J M Boniface & J G Jeudy 'Dodge, cinq générations de tout terrain' EPA, 1993.

Three (3x3 ?) Rolligons vehicle of Albee Rolligon Company of Monterey in 1956, Ca, (See Chapter on Rolligons).

OEC, Osborn Engineering Co., Ltd of Gosport, Hants first prototype of a 6 wheeled motorbike, 1928. Off-road performance could be enhanced by placing an 'overall chain' over the bogie. The second rear wheel was driven by an internal-toothed belt from the chain-driven first. Machines were offered commercially as tractors. Pict from 'Wheels & Tracks' N° 74, about 2011.

Moto-Guzzi Tre-per-Tre 3x3 Mulo Meccanico was manufactured by SEIMM, Mandello del Lorio, Co, Italy, from1961 to 1963 at 420 copies for mountain mobility of the Italian Army. Nevertheless, the unsafe height of driver's position, power engine too weak : 20 hp, make it disappointing despite variable rear track from 1300 to 850 and additional tracks which could be added on rear wheels making of the Mule an Half Track. Price was high. It was replaced by 4WD Frescia F 18 Mountain Utility Vehicle pedestrian controlled platform. Picture taken at Rétromobile by J M M, in Paris, February 2007.

Moto-Guzzi 3x3 "Mulo Meccanico" here with tracks at the rear.

http://www.twowheelsblog.com/galleria/moto-guzzi-mulo-meccanico/3

Three wheeled Lysoïd tyred car prototype of the early 50s in Hungary. Steering by hand brakes on the rear wheels and idler wheel at the front. Pict from Wheels & Tracks N° 38, 1992.

SAMT (Sled, Amphibious, Marginal Terrain), 2 drums, prototype from Army Engineer Research and Development at Fort Belvoir, in 1965. An operation could last 1 hour maximum, and the SAMT was designed to beabandoned on the field after the mission. 15 hp. Picture from book of Fred Crismon ‘US Military Wheeled Vehicles’,
Crestline Publishing (Motorbook), 1983.

2x2 Motorcycle prototype from Ets Merlin-Gerin-Debuit and DGA, 1943-1947. 62 km/h, 155 kg. It had good off-road performance at that time. Pict from the book ‘Les véhicules Hors série’ of Jacques Borgé and Nicolas Viasnoff, Balland, 1976.