科普类阅读

【十年高考】2006-2015 年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：科普知 识类(06·全国ⅠA 篇) Most people think of racing when they see greyhounds（灰狗）and believe they need lots of exercise. They can actually be quite lazy! Greyho

unds are good at fast races but not long-distance running. They do need regular exercise but they like to run for a short burst and then get back on the bed or a comfortable seat. Another

misunderstanding is that greyhounds must be aggressive （好斗的）because they are big in size. In fact greyhounds love people and are gentle with children. Greyhounds can live for 12 – 14 years but usually only race for two or three years, and after that they make great pets. They don ’ t need a lot of space, don ’ t make a lot of noise, and don ’ t eat a lot for their size. Normally, greyhounds can be as tall as 90 cm. There is , however, a small-sized greyhound,which stands only 33 cm. Greyhounds come in a variety of colors. Grey and yellowish-brown are the most common. Others include black, white, blue, red and brown or a mix of these. Greyhounds have smooth body coats, low body fat and are very healthy. Because they’ re slim（苗条的） they don’ t have the leg problems like other dogs the same height . But they do feel the cold, especially since they would much rather be at home in bed than walking around outside. 56．The text is written mainly .

A．to tell people how to raise greyhounds B．to let people know more about greyhounds C．to explain why greyhounds are aggressive D．to describe greyhounds of different colors 57．It can be inferred that greyhounds A．love big doghouses B．like staying in bed all day C．make the best guard dogs D．need some exercise outdoors 58．Why does the author say that greyhounds make great pets? .

A．They are big in size. B．They live a very long life. C．They can run races for some time. D．They are quiet and easy to look after. 59．If you keep a pet greyhound, it is important _____________. A．to keep it slim B．to keep it warm C．to take special care of its legs D．to take it to animal doctors regularly 答案 56.B 57.D 58.D 59.B Passage 58 (06·全国ⅠC 篇) A study of English learning problems was carried out among a total of 106 foreign students. It shows that most students considered understanding spoken English to be their biggest problem on arrival. This was followed by speaking. Writing increased as a problem as students discovered difficulties in writing papers that they were now expected to hand in. Reading remained as a significant（显著的） problem. The information gained helped us in determining where special attention should be paid in our course. Although many students have chosen to join the course with a reasonable motivation（动机）, we considered it important to note what seemed to encourage interest. Nearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching in their own country. To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation, especially if it has failed in the past. Therefore a different method may help because it is different. Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining（保持）or increasing motivation. Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout, but we soon found that both the students and the teachers lost interest by about halfway through the ten weeks. This led us to a major re-think, so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students. 65．What is the text mainly about? A．Foreign students have more problems. B．There are many ways to improve English. C．Teaching should meet students’ needs.

D．English learning problems should be studied again. 66．Writing became a bigger problem when foreign students ___________. A．had to write their papers B．became better at speaking C．became less interested in reading D．had fewer problems with listening 67．We may infer from the last two paragraphs that ___________. A．different teaching methods should be used B．grammar-based teaching seems to be encouraging C．English courses are necessary for foreign students D．teaching content should be changed halfway 68．The word “it” underlined in the last paragraph refers to “___________”. A．re-think B．activity C．motivation D．timetable 答案 65.C 66.A 67.A 68.D Passage 59 (06·北京 D 篇) While parents, particularly mothers, have always been attached to their infants (婴儿), societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain (保持). First of all, the high infant death rate in the premodern times meant that such attachments often ended in hopelessness. Perhaps to prevent the sadness that infant death caused, a number of societal practices developed which worked against early attachment of mother and child. One of these premodern attachment-discouraging practices was to leave infants unnamed until they had survived into the second year. Another practice that discouraged maternal (母亲的) attachment was tightly wrapping (包裹) infants. Wrapping effectively prevented the close physical interactions like stroking (抚 摸) and kissing that are so much a part of modern mothers’ and fathers’ affection for their infants. A third practice which had the same distancing effect was wet-nursing. Breast-feeding (母乳哺育) was not popular among the well-to-do in the early modern times; infants were often fed by wet nurses hired for the purpose. In some places, such as nineteenth-century France, city infants were sent to wet nurses in the country. Often a wet nurse would feed her own child first, leaving little for the city infant— who, in many case, died. In Rouen, the death rate for children sent to a wet nurse was 35 percent. 68. Babies were unnamed until they were two so that ________.

A. an old social custom could be kept up B. maternal attachment could be maintained C. they could have better chances to survive D. their parents would not be too sad if they died 69. Why were babies wrapped? A. To protect them from the cold. B. To distance their mothers from them. C. To make them feel more comfortable. D. To make it easy for their mothers to hold them. 70. Wet nurses were women who _________. A. babysat city infants B. fed babies of other families C. sent their babies to the country D. failed to look after their babies 71. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Societal Conditions in Premodern Times B. Practices of Reducing Maternal Attachment C. Poor Health Service and High Infant Death Rate D. Differences between Modern and Premodern Parents 答案 68.D 69.B 70.B 71.B Passage 60 (06·北京 E 篇) A study published in September suggests there is a surprising way to get people to avoid unhealthy foods: change their memories. Scientist Elizabeth Loftus of the University of California at Irvine asked volunteers to answer some questions on their personalities (个性) and food experiences. “One week later,” Loftus says, “we told those people we’d fed their answers into our smart computer and it came up with an account of their early childhood experiences.” Some accounts included one key additional detail (细节). “You got sick after eating strawberry ice-cream.” The researchers then changed this detail into a manufactured (人为促成的) memory through leading questions— Who were you with? How did you feel? By the end of the study, up to 41% of those given a false memory believed strawberry ice-cream once made them sick, and many said they’d avoid eating it. When Loftus published her findings, she started getting calls from people begging her to make them remember hating chocolate or French fries. Unfortunately, it’s not that easy. False memories appear to work only for foods you don’t eat on a regular basis. But most important, it is likely that false memories can be implanted (灌输) only in people who are unaware of the mental control. And lying to a patient is immoral, even if a doctor believes it’s for the patient’s benefit. Loftus says there’s nothing to stop parents from trying it with their overweight children. “I say, wake up— parents have been lying about Father Christmas for years, and nobody seems to mind. If they can prevent diseases caused

by fatness and all the other problems that come with that, you might think that’s more moral lie. Decide that for yourself.” 72. Why did Loftus ask the volunteers to answer some questions? A. To improve her computer program. B. To find out their attitudes towards food. C. To find out details she can make use of. D. To predict what food they’ll like in the future. 73. What did Loftus find out from her research? A. People believe what the computer tells them. B. People can be led to believe in something false. C. People tend to forget their childhood experiences. D. People are not always aware of their personalities. 74. According to the study, people may stop having a certain food if they _______. A. learn it is harmful for health B. lie to themselves that they don’t want it C. are willing to let doctors control their minds D. think they once had a bad experience of eating it 75. What is the biggest concern with the method? A. Whether it is moral. B. Who it is best for. C. When it is effective. D. How it should be used. 答案 72.C 73.B 74.D 75.A Passage 61 (06·上海 B 篇) Nervous suspects（嫌疑犯）locked up in Britain’s newest police station may feel relieved by a pleasant yellow Colour on the door. If they are close to confessing a crime, the blue on the wall might tip the balance. Gwent Police have abandoned colours such as greys and browns of the 20th-century police cell（牢房）and have used colour psychology to decorate them. Ystrad Mynach station, which recently opened at a cost of￡5 million has four cells with glass doors for prisoners who suffer from claustrophobia（幽闭恐怖症） Designers have painted the frames yellow, which researchers say is a calming colour. Other cells contain a royal blue line because psychologists believe that the colour is likely to encourage truthfulness. The station has 31 cells, including 12 with a “live scan” system for drunken or disturbed prisoners, which detects the rise and fall of their chest. An alarm alerts officers if a prisoner’s breathing stops and carries on ringing until the door is opened. Designers and psychologists have worked for years on colour. Blue is said to suggest trust, efficiency, duty, logic, coolness, thinking and calm. It also suggests coldness and unfriendliness. It is thought that strong blues will stimulate clear thought and lighter, soft colours will calm the mind and aid concentration. Yellow is linked with confidence, self-respect and friendliness Get the colour

wrong and it could cause fear, depression and anxiety, but the right yellow can lift spirits and self-respect. Ingrid Collins, a psychologist who specializes in the effects of colour, said that colour was an “energy force ” She said: “Blue does enhance communication but I am not sure it would enhance truthful communication.” Yellow, she said, affected the mind. Red on the other hand, should never be considered because it could increase aggression Mrs Collins praised the designers for using colours in the cells Gwent is not the first British force to experiment with colour to calm down or persuade prisoners to co-operate, In the 1990s Strathclyde Police used pink in cells based on research carried out by the US Navy. 69．The expression “tip the balance ” in paragraph 1 probably indicates that the blue might . A．let suspects keep their balance B．help suspects to confess their crimes C．make suspects cold and unfriendly in law court D．enable suspects to change their attitudes to colours 70． Which of the following colours should NOT be used in cells according to me passage? A．Pink. B．Yellow C．Blue. D．Red. 71．Which of the following helps alert officers if someone stops breathing? A．Scanning equipment. C．Glass doors. 72．The passage is mainly concerned with A．the relationship between colours and psychology B．a comparison of different functions of colours C．the use of colours in cells to affect criminals’ psychology D．scientific ways to help criminals reform themselves in prison 答案 69.B 70.D 71.A 72.C Passage 62 (06·重庆 C 篇) When a Swedish ship that sank in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm, historians and scientists were overjoyed with the chance to examine the remains of the past. The ship construction showed how ships were built and operated during the seventeenth century. In this way, artifacts, objects made by human beings, provided a picture of daily life almost 400 years ago. Underwater archaeology –the study of ships, aircraft and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of water—is really a product of the last 50 years. The rapid growth of this new area of study has occurred because of the invention of better diving equipment. Besides the Swedish ship wreck( 残 骸 ), underwater archacologists have made more exciting discoveries such as the 5,000-year-old boats B．Royal blue lines. D．Yellow frames. .

in the Mediterranean Sea. Underwater archacology can provide facts about the past. In ancient ports all over the world are ships sunken in the past 6,000 years. There are also sunken settlements in seas and lakes telling of people’s way of life and their systems of trade in ancient times. Underwater archacologists want to study these objects to add to the world’s knowledge of history , but they have to fight two enemies. One enemy is treasure hunters who dive for ancient artifacts that they can sell to collectors. Once sold, these objects are lost to experts. The second enemy is dredging machines (挖掘机)often used to repair ports. These machines destroy, wrecks and artifacts or bury them deeper under sand and mud. By teaching the public about the importance of underwater “museums” of the past, archaeologists are hoping to get support for laws to protect underwater treasures. 63．What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage? A．To provide background information of the topic. B．To attract readers’ attention to the topic. C．To use an example to support the topic. D．To offer basic knowledge of the topic. 64．The aim of underwater archacology is to A．exploit water bodies B．search for underwater life C．study underwater artifacts D．examine underwater environment 65．Underwater archaeologists are worried because A．sea hunters have better diving equipment B．their knowledge of world history is limited C．dredging machines cause damage to the ports D．sold artifacts can hardly be regained for research 66．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．to introduce a young branch of learning. B．To discuss the scientists ’ problems. C．To explain people’s way of life in the past. D．To describe the sunken ships. 答案 63.B 64.C 65.D 66.A Passage 63 (06·山东 E 篇) . .

PITTSBURGH – For most people, snakes seem unpleasant or even threatening. But Howie Choset sees in their delicate movements a way to save lives. The 37-year-old Carnegie Mellon University professor has spent years developing snake-like robots he hopes will eventually slide through fallen buildings in search of victims trapped after natural disasters or other emergencies. Dan Kara is president of Robotics Trends, a Northboro, Mass.-based company that publishes an online industry magazine and runs robotics trade shows. He said there are other snake-like robots being developed, mainly at universities, but didn’t know of one that could climb pipes. The Carnegie Mellon machines are designed to carry cameras and electronic sensors and can be controlled with a joystick(操纵杆). They move smoothly with the help of small electric motors, or servos, commonly used by hobbyists in model airplanes. Built from lightweight materials, the robots are about the size of a human arm or smaller.They can sense which way is up, but are only as good as their human operators, Choset added. Sam Stover, a search term manager with the Federal Emergency Management Agency based in Indiana, said snake-type robots would offer greater mobility than equipment currently available, such as cameras attached to extendable roles. “It just allows us to do something we’ve ot been able to do before,”Stover said, “We needed them yesterday.” He said sniffer dogs are still the best search tool for rescue workers, but that they can only be used effectively when workers have access to damaged building. Stover, among the rescue workers who handled the aftermath ( 后果 ) of Hurricane Katrina, said snake robots would have helped rescuers search flooded houses in that disaster. Choset said the robots may not be ready for use for another five to ten years, depending on funding. 72. Which institution is responsible for the development of Choset’s robots? A. Robotics Trends. C. Carnegie Mellon University. Agency. 73. Choset believes that his invention ______. A. can be attached to an electronic arm B. can be used by hobbyists in model airplanes C. can find victims more quickly than a sniffer dog D. can sense its way no better than its operators B. Pittsburgh City Council. D. Federal Emergency Management

74. By saying “We needed them yesterday” (paragraph 7), Stover means that snake-like robots _____. A. could help handle the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina B. would have been put to use in past rescue work C. helped rescuers search flooded houses yesterday D. were in greater need yesterday than today 75. What is the text mainly about? A. Snake-like robots used in industries. B. Snake-like robots made to aid in rescues. C. The development of snake-like robots. D. The working principles of snake-like robots. 答案 72.C 73.D 74.B 75.B Passage 64 (06·江苏 E 篇) A new eight-kilometre road is under construction that links the port area with the motorway system . It is expected to carry 20,000 trucks and cars a day, which greatly reduces the overcrowded traffic in the center of the city . As part of the project , two four-kilometre road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city , one for traffic to the north and the other for traffic to the south .The two tunnels are about 20 metres below the surface and are 12 metres wide , providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction . In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel . The lighting is at the top of the tunnel , practically at its highest point . There will also be electronic signs at frequent intervals (间隔). They show traffic conditions ahead , and can be seen clearly by drivers . The wall is made up of four main elements , which include a waterproofing covering and , on the inside of the tunnel , a concrete lining (混凝土衬砌). Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part of the tunnel is somewhat flat .The surface of the road lies on the base , which is made of concrete and steel The drainage system ( 排 水 系 统 ), just below the road surface on one side , removes any extra liquid , particularly water . In the event of fire , the fire main , which is made of steel , pipes water to many fire hydrant stations at regular intervals along the

length of the tunnel . The fire main is at the side of the tunnel , and at the level of the road surface . Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones . 72．Each of the tunnels under construction is A．eight kilometers long and twenty metres wide B．eight kilometers long and six metres wide C．four kilometers long and twenty metres wide D．four kilometers long and six metres wide 73．Which part of the tunnel in the diagram is used to pipe out extra water ? A．1. A．the lights C．the trucks and cars 75．The passage is mainly about A．the construction of a road C．the construction of two tunnels 答案 72.D 73.C 74.B 75.D Passage 65 (06·浙江 B 篇) It’s2035. You have a job, a family and you’re about 40 years old welcome to your future life. Getting ready for work, you pause in front of the mirror. “Turn red, ”you say. Your shirt changes from sky blue to deep red. Tiny preprogrammed electronics (智 能电子元件) are rearranged in your shirt to change its color. Looking into the mirror, you find it hard to believe you’re 40. You look much younger. With amazing advances in medicine, people in your generation may live to be 150 years old. You’re not even middle – aged ! As you go into the kitchen and prepare to pour your breakfast cereal into a bowl, you bear, “To lose weight, you shouldn’t eat that ,” from your shoes. They read the tiny electronic (电子源码) on the cereal box to find out the nutrition details. You decide to listen to your shoes. “Kitchen, what can I have for breakfast?” A list of possible foods appears on the counter as the kitchen checks its food supplies. “Ready for your trip to space ?” you ask your son and daughter. In 2005 only specially trained astronauts went into space – and very few of them. Today anyone can go to space for day trips or longer vacations. Your best friend even works in space. Handing your children three strawberries each, you “The doctor said you need . B．the design of a road D．the design of two tunnels B．3. C．5. D．6. . 74． Driving in the tunnel , one can know the traffic conditions ahead through B．the electronic signs D．the emergency phones .

these for space travel ” Thanks to medical advances, vaccination shots (防疫针) are a thing of the past. Ordinary foods contain specific vaccines. With the berries in their mouths, the kids bead for the front door. It’s time for you to go to work. Your car checks your fingerprints and unlocks the doors “My office. Autopilot,” you command. Your car drives itself down the road and moves smoothly into traffic on the highway. You sit back and unroll your e – newspaper. The latest news down loads and fills the viewer. Looking through the pages you watch the news as video film rather than read it. 45．What changes the color of your shirt? A．The mirror. D．The medicine. 46．How do the shoes know that you shouldn’t eat the breakfast cereal ? A．By pouring the breakfast into a bowl. B．By listening to the doctor’s advice. C．By testing the food supplies in the kitchen. D．By checking the nutrition details of the food. 47．The strawberries the children eat serve as A．breakfast B．lunch . D．nutrition B．The shirt itself. C．The counter.

C．vaccines

48．How is the text organized? A．In order of time. frequency. C．In order of preference. 答案 45.B 46.D 47.C 48.A Passage 66 (06·福建 B 篇) As skies are filled with millions of migrating(迁徙)birds, European scientists say the seasonal wonder appears to be strange; the fatter that bird, the better it flies. The results of their study led to a theory opposite to a central one of acrodynamies (空气动力学), which says that the power needed to fly increases with weight. For birds, obviously, the cost of flying with heavy fat is much smaller than we used to think. Researchers found that red knoll wading birds double their normal body weight of 100 grams before making their twice-a-year nonstop flight between the British Isles and the Russian Arctic. Distance; 5, 000 kilometers. Another study in the magazine Nature measured the advantage of flying in an acrodynamic group which allows birds to save energy by flying smoothly and quietly in the lead bird’s air stream. D．In order of importance. B ． In order of

Flying in groups, their heart rates were 14.5 percent lower than flying alone, according to Henri, a French scientist. The findings help explain how birds completes difficult migrations. Researchers had thought that thinner, stronger birds would have the best chance to survive. The first study suggests that building up fat to be burnt as fuel during the migration is worth more than the energy it takes to carry the additional weight. In the study, researchers said their learn studied the birds flown at different body weights during 28 simulated( 模拟的 )flights. They forced a small amount of special water into the birds’ bodies so that they could measure the amount of energy burnt during the flight. 60.A red knot wading bird of 100 grams will probably weigh _____ before making its nonstop migrating flight. A.50 grams B.100 grams C.150 grams D.200 grams 61.During their migrating flight, red knot wading birds can save energy by flying_______. A. separately B. alone C. in groups D. in pairs 62.A_______red not wading bird has a better chance to survive during its migrating flight. A. stronger B. weaker C. thinner D. fatter 63.The best title for this passage may probably be________. A. Birds Thin Down For Journey B. Birds Fatten Up For Journey C. How Birds Build Up Fat For Journey D. How Birds Burn Energy For Journey 答案 60.D 61.C 62.D 63.B Passage 67 (06·湖南 C 篇) The coyote( 丛林狼 ).that elever animal of wide-open space .has come to the nation’s captial.In fact ,coyotes have spread to every comer of the United States,changing their behaviors to fit new envioronments and causing researchers to deal with a troublesome new kind of creature:the city coyote. The coyote originally lived in the middle of the continent.One of its most obvious characters is its smartness, which has made the animal a notorious（臭名 昭著的）pest.Hunters trapped,shot and poisoned more than a million coyotes in the 1900s.It’s still one of America’s mosthunted animals. Yet the coyote has survived.How has the coyote shown this extraordinary ability?”I guess if you wanted to use one word,it’d be ‘plasticity’.”says Erie Gese,an expert at Utah State University. Coyotes can live alon, in pairs, or in large packs like wolves,hunt at night or during the day , occupy a small region or an area up to 40 square miles,and live on all sorts of food,from lizards（蜥蜴）and shoes, to ants and melons. Unbelicvadly people helpcd coyotes increase when they kiltcd most of the wolves in the United States. The sprcdding of coyotes into city areas,though.is rccent.They travel at night,crossing sidcwalks and bridges.running atong roads and ducking into cuinerts (钻入涵洞)and underpasscs .No one knows why coyotes are maving

into cities.but expertsexplaih that clevcter,more human-tolerant(不怕人的)coyotes are teaching urban survivalskills to new generations. Occasionally.coyotes mighe attack human beings.There have been about 160 attacks on peoplc in reccnt years Therefore,people have bccn consistently told not feed coyotes or leave pct food unseeurcd.That ,plus a large trapping program in the neighborhood.has cur down on the coyote population. 63.The underlinged word “plasticity”in Paragraph 2refers to____________. A.the ability to fit the environment B.notonous smartness C.hunting ability D.being human-tolerant 64.The aim of the passage is to_____________. A.tell pcople how to fight against coyotes B.tell us why the coyote is the most hunted animal C.supply the reason why the coyote is a kind of motorious pest D.explain how the coyote has spread to and survived in cities 65.According to the passage,coyote__________. A.originally lived in the west of the continent B.sleep dung the day but look for food at night C.are teaching survival skills to therr younger generations D.suffered a population deerease because pcople killed wolves 66.According to the passage,to cut dowa on the coyolc population.people are advised to_______. A.leave pct food secured B.keep coyotes in small regions C.foree coyotes to live alone D.avond using trapping programs 答案 63.A 64.D 65.C 66.A Passage 68 (06·湖南 D 篇) The discovery of a dwarfed ( 矮 个 的 )”human being” who lived in Flores .Indonesin .up to 18,000 years ago is changing the way we think about the human family .This “Flores Human”was three foot tall and her brain was smaller than that lf the average chimp (黑猩猩).yet she and her relatives apparently lived fully human lives .They seem to have made tools ,worked together to find food and cook it,and perhaps even hurried their dead with ceremony. It was a major surprise to find tools associated with the new human family member .The tools are like those frmmerly seen only with European fossils (化石)from our own species;Homo sapiens (智人)；and the oldest of them were made 94,000years ago .Homo sapiens is thought to have amved in the island about 40,000 years ago ,much too late to be responsible for the tools .If this tiny human made the tools ,them the inside structure (结构)of its brain must have been more like our own than a chimp’s ,despite being just a third the size of ours. This “new human” was suspected to be a dwarfed ranch of Homo erectus (直立 人 ). When creatures are separated in regions with rare resources but few enemies,being big is a disadvantage, and evolution tends to shrink them, aprocess known as island dwarfing.Could natural selection make a human smaller while

keeping----even improving----mental ability ?Quite possibly, believes Christopher Wills of the University of California. Has the “Flores Human” even shown the ability of language? “I find it difficult to imagine that people could make tools.use fire ,and kill large animals without fairly advanced communication.” Wills says .Did “Flores Human” possess the basic components of human culture ---such as the burying of the dead with ceremony ? Emiliano Bruner of the Italian Institute points out that Indonesia’s hot,wet environment is bad for fossilization.It is reasonable to assume ,he says ,that the 18,000-year-old bones of the most complete Flores woman were well-preserved because she was buried with special care. 67.According to the passage , “Flores Human”______. A. lived a partly human life B. was a branch of Homo sapiens C. used tools before Homo sapiens arrived D. had a brain as a common chimp’s 68.The underlined part “this tiny human”in Paragraph 2 refers to _______. A.a chimp . B.Flores Human C.Homo sapiens D.Homo sapiens 69.This passage mainly talks about______. A. the tools made by “Flores Human” B. the language used by “Flores Human” C. the evolution of “Flores Human” D. the major surprising findings about “Flores Human” 70.According to the passage ,it is believed that “Flores Human”_______. A. was dwarfed by its enemies B. could use language C. left a lot of fossils in hot and wet environment D. reached Flores 40,000 years ago 答案 67.C 68.B 69.D 70.B Passage 69 (06·安徽 C 篇) Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat without having to do too much work. When resting in the shade, they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by, and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on. If another animal has made a kill, they will drive it off and take the dill for themselves. A grown lion can easily eat 60 pounds of meat at a single feeding. Often they eat until it seems painful for them to lie down. The lioneases (母狮) , being thinner and faster, are better hunters (猎手) than the males (雄狮). But the males don’t mind. After the kill they move in and take the test share. Most kills are made at night or just before daybreak. We have seen many, many daylight attempts but only ten kills. Roughly, It’s about twenty daytime attempts for one kill.

When lions are hiding for an attack by a water hole, they wait patiently and can charge at any second. The kill is the exciting moment in the day-to-day life of the lion, since these great animals spend most of their time, about 20 hours a day, sleeping and resting. Lions are social cats, and when they are having a rest, they love to touch each other. After drinking at a water hole, a lioness rests her head on another’s back. When walking, young lions often touch faces with older ones, an act of close ties among members of the group. 64. By describing lions as “opportunists” in the first paragraph, the author means to say that lions . A. are cruel animals B. are clever animals C. like to take advantage of other animals D. like to take every chance to eat 65. According to the text, which of the following is true? A. Lions make most kills in the daytime. B. Males care more about eating than active killing. C. Lions are curious about things happening around them. D. It doesn’t take lions too much time to make a kill. 66. How can we know that lions are social animals? A. They depend on each other. B. They look after each other well. C. They readily share what they have. D. They enjoy each other’s company. 67. What would be the best tiltle for the text? A. Powerful Lions B. Lions at Work and Play C. Lions, Social Cats D. Lions, Skilled Hunters 答案 64.C 65.B 66.D 67.B

Passage 70 (06·安徽 D 篇) To extinguish ( 熄 灭 ) different kinds of fires, several types of fire extinguishers have been invented. They must be ready for immediate use when fire breaks out. Most portable (手提式的) kinds operate for less than a minute, so they are useful only on small fires. The law requires ships, trains, buses and planes to carry extinguishers. Since fuel, oxygen (氧气) and heat must be present in order for fire to exist, one or more of these things must be removed or reduced to extinguish a fire. If the heat is reduced by cooling the material below a certain temperature, the fire goes out. The cooling method is the most common way to put out a fire. Water is the best cooling material because it is low in cost and easy to get. Another method of extinguishing fire is by cutting off the oxygen. This is usually done by covering the fire with sand, steam or some other things. A blanket

may be used do cover a small fire. A third method is called separation, which includes removing the fuel, or material easy to burn, from a fire, so that it can find no fuel. The method that is used to put out a fire depends upon the type of fire. Fires have been grouped in three classes. Fires in wood, paper, cloth and the like are called Class A fires. These materials usually help keep the fire on. Such fires can be stopped most readily by cooling with water. 68. If a fire breaks out on a bus, which of the follow should be ready there for you to use? A. Sand B. Water C. A blanket. D. An extinguisher. 69. To cover a small piece of burning wood with a basin in order to stop the fire is an example of . A. separating the fire B. reducing the heat C. removing the fuel D. cutting off the oxygen 70. In choosing how to put out a fire, we should first be clear about . A. when it breaks out B. how it comes about C. what kind it is D. where it takes place 71. What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A. Another class of fires B. Another type of extinguishers C. How fires break out. D. How fires can be prevented. 答案 68.D 69.D 70.C 71.A Passage 71 (06·辽宁 B 篇) Unlike modern animal scientists, dinosaur scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes to watch dinosaurs in order to know how they lived and whether they were good parents Instead, they have to search hard for information from dinosaurs’ fossils（恐龙化石） because dinosaurs died out millions of years ago. It’s very difficult for the scientists to reach an agreement because different results can be got from the same fossils. Many fossils of the same kind of dinosaurs have been dug out from one place. They might have formed when an entire group of dinosaurs got stuck （陷入） all at once, or they might have been the result of dinosaurs getting stuck one after another over a course of a few centuries. Thus we can say that dinosaurs might have in the first case lived in big groups and in the second lived alone. Though there are two different results, dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups. “That’s pretty much settled at this point. ” says Paul Sereno. A kind of dinosaurs called Sauropods

left behind tracks in the western United States that appear to run north and south, suggesting that they even moved long distances together. As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young, dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs― birds and crocodiles ― for possible models. Birds give a lot of care to their young, while crocodiles just help their young to the water. The discovered fossils of dinosaurs sitting on their gees and staying with their young suggest the parents were taking care of their babies, but we still cannot say that all dinosaurs did the same. There is still a long way to go before the above questions could be answered. Dinosaur scientists will have to find more proof to reach an agreement. 60. Dinosaur scientists can get information directly by _______. A. studying dinosaur fossils examining modern animals C. watching dinosaurs telescopes 61. What is pretty much settled according to Paul Sereno? A. Half of the dinosaurs lived alone. long distances. C. Many dinosaurs settled in the north. groups. B. Most dinosaurs moved B.

D. using

D. Some dinosaurs lived in big

62. Dinosaur scientists can probably know whether dinosaurs were good parents by_______. A. watching many kinds of animals B. studying dinosaurs’ living relatives C. following the tracks left behind D. working on dug-out dinosaur eggs 63. Which of the following the according to the paragraph? A. Birds hardly ay attention to their young. B. Baby crocodiles can look after themselves well.

C. Some dinosaurs took care of their young. D. Birds and crocodiles take good care of their young. 答案 60.A 61.D 62.B 63.B Passage 36 (07·广东 C 篇) Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic(寄生虫引起的) disease, kills as many as three million people every year—almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people don't (or can't) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long. Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches. As the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect (感 染). They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. If it doesn't kill you, malaria can happen again and again for years. The disease passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of parasite. Together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth —and one of the most successful. Malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations. Some of the disease's spread is due to global warming. For decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. Unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have become resistant to it. Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would come next. 51. According to paragraph 1, many people don't seek care because___. A. they are too poor B. it is unusual to seek care C. they can remain unaffected for long D. there are too many people suffering from the disease 52. People suffering from malaria___. A. have to kill female mosquitoes B. have ability to defend parasites C. have their red blood cells infected D. have sudden fever, followed by chills

53. Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease? A. Its resistance to global warming. B. Its ability to pass on the virus frequently. C. Its outbreaks in cities with large populations. D. Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs. 54. It can be inferred from the passage that___. A. no drugs have been found to treat the disease B. the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people C. malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites D. nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease 55. Which of the following questions has NOT been discussed in the passage? A. How can we know one is suffering from malaria? B. How many people are killed by malaria each year? C. Why are there so many people suffering from malaria? D. What has been done to keep people unaffected for long? 答案 51. A 52.C 53.D 54.B 55.D Passage 37 (07·山东 D 篇) Sports shoes that out whether their owner has enough exercise to warrant time in front of the television have been devised in the UK. The shoes — named Square Eyes — contain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter passes the information to a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the day’s efforts. The design was inspired by a desire to fight against the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British teenagers, says Gillian Swan, who developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at Brunel University to London, UK. “We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,” she says. “And I wanted to tackle that with my design.” Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps. Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of both. Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps

recorded by the Square Eyes shoes equals precisely one minute of TV time. Existing pedometers （计步器） normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat. “It is possible, but it would be a lot of effort,” she says. “That was one of my main design considerations.” 71．According to Swan, the purpose of her design project is to ________. A．keep a record of the steps of the wearer B．deal with overweight among teenagers C．enable children to resist the temptation of TV D．prevent children from being tricked by TV programs 72．Which of the following is true of Square Eyes shoes? A．They regulate a child’s evening TV viewing time. B．They determine a child’s daily pocket money. C．They have raised the hot issue of overweight. D．They contain information of the receiver. 73．What is stressed by health experts in their suggestion? A．The exact number of steps to be taken. B．The precise number of hours spent on TV. C．The proper amount of daily exercise and TV time. D．The way of changing steps into TV watching time. 74．Compared with other similar products, the new design ________. A．makes it difficult for lazy teenagers to cheat B．counts the wearer’s steps through shaking C．records the sudden movement of the wearer D．sends teenagers’ health data to the receiver 75．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Smart Shoes Decide on Television Time B．Smart Shoes Guarantee More Exercise C．Smart Shoes Measure Time of Exercise D．Smart Shoes Stop Childhood Overweight 答案 71. B 72.A 73.C 74.A 75.A Passage 38 (07·宁夏、海南、全国ⅠB 篇) Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense. Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda （大熊猫） eats only one particular type of bamboo

（竹子）. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly（蝴蝶）will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet（多样化饮食）. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season. Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life. 60. We can infer from the text that humans and animals _________. A. depend on one sense in choosing food B. are not satisfied with their food C. choose food in similar ways D. eat entirely different food 61. Which of the following eats only one type of food? A. The white butterfly. B. The small bird. C. The bear. D. The fox. 62. Certain animals change their choice of food when ___________. A. the season changes B. the food color changes C. they move to different places D. they are attracted by different smells 63. We can learn from the last paragraph that __________. A. food is chosen for a good reason B. French and British food is good C. some people have few choices of food D. some people care little about healthy diet 答案 60. A 61. C 62. C 63. B Passage 39 (07·北京 B 篇) The Book Of Life So far,scientists have named about 1.8 million living species(物种),and that’s just a small number of what probably exists on Earth.With so many plants,animal,and other living things covering the planet,it can be tough to figure out what type of grass is growing by the roadside or what kind of bird just flew by. A soon-to-be-started Web site might help.An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web-based Encyclopedia(百科全书) of Life (EoL).The project aims to list every species on Earth in a single,easy-to-use reference guide. To get the encyclopedia started,the creators will use information from scientific databases(数据库)that already exist.And eventually,in special sections of the site,non-scientists with specialized knowledge will come to helf.Bird-watchers,for example, will be able to input what birds they’ve seen and where. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. As the EoL develops,you might find it useful for school. Projects,The site will

feature (以。 。 。 。 。 。为特色) special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems in their neighborhoods.Another convenient feature of the EoL is that you’ll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interests,age,and knowledgs. It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describes and analyze species.The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new fool will speed up that process. 60.The Web based EoL aims to ___ A. fine out what covers the earth B. list all living things on Earth C.work out the number of birds D.save the existing plants 61.One characteristic of the EoL is that ____ A. it is run by school students B. it focuses on different types of grass C. it provides different levels of information D.it allows non-scientists to review its data 62. In the last paragraph,”that process”means ___ A. analyzing species B. creating a new tool C. collecting data D. describing species 答案 60. B 61.C 62.C Passage 40 (07·天津 D 篇) In meditation( 冥想 ) ， people sit quietly and focus their attention on their breath .As they breathe in and out ,they attend to their feelings .As thoughts go through their minds. they let them go. Breathe. Let go. Breathe. Let go. According to a recent study at the Insight Meditation Society in Barre, Massachusetts, three months of training in this kind of meditation causes a market change in how the brain allocates(分配) attention. It appears that the ability to let go thoughts that come into mind frees the brain to attend to more rapidly changing things and events in the outside world. Expert mediators are better than other people at catching such fast-changing stimuli( 刺激),like facial expressions. The study provides evidence for changes in the workings of the brain with mental training. People can learn and improve abilities of all sorts with practice. everything from driving to playing the piano. The study has shown that meditation is good for the brain ,It appears to reduce pressure and promote a sense of well-being. In an experiment ,17 volunteers with no meditation experience in the experimental group spent three months meditating 10 to 12 hours a day .A control group also with no meditation experience meditated for 20 minutes a day over the same period .Both groups were then given the tests with two numbers in a group of letters. As both group looked for the numbers ,their brain activity was recorded. Everyone could catch the first number .But the brain recordings showed that

the less experienced mediators tended to grasp the first number and hang onto it ,so they missed the second number .Those with more experience gave less attention to the first number .as if letting it go ,which led to an increased ability to grasp the second number ,This shows that attention can change with practice. Just ask Daniel Levision, who meditated for three months as part of the study .”I am a much better listener,” he said. “I do not get lost in my own personal reaction to what people are saying.” 48. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________. A. feelings B. minds C. people D. thoughts 49. Meditations manage their daily tasks better because they ________. A. are given less pressure B. allocate their attention better C. have more stimuli for life D. practice them more frequently 50. In the experiment ,volunteers doing meditation for longer hours ________. A. were more likely to catch both of the members B. were used to memorizing numbers in groups C. usually ignored the first number observed D. paid more attention to numbers than to letters 51. The study proves that ________. A. meditation improves one’s health B. brain activity can be recorded C. human attention can be trained D. mediators have a good sense of hearing 答案 48. D 49.B 50.A 51.C Passage 41 (07·天津 E 篇) When we think of leadership ,we often think of strength and power .But what are these really ,and how do they operate? Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must ,but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term ,They will also experience fear. Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best .If they associate you with this emotion of fear. They will become less functional around you ,and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot .but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively .Fear has no place in leadership. The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion .We can order someone to do something ,which may be part of the work day; or we can employ them at the emotional level ,so they became fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation (积极性). Today’s work place is all about relationships

Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they are recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker.. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work .They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor (因素) in the work life of most people. The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence---knowing your own emotions , and how to handle them ,and those of others . Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills. 52. An employee may have a feeling of fear in the work place when ________. A. he is forced to do things B. be cannot work at his best C. he feels his brain shut down D. he thinks of his work as too heavy 53. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. People tend to associate leadership with fear B. Working conditions affect people’s physical health C. Good relationship is the key to business success D. Smart people are more functional in the work place. 54. To positively influence employees a leader should first of all ________. A. provide better suggestions B. develop his own personality C. five his employees a pay raise D. hide his own emotion of fear 55. Good leadership is mainly seen in a leader’s ability to ________. A .provide a variety of project for employees B. help raise employee’s living standards C. give employees specific instructions D. deal wisely with employees’ emotions 答案 52. A 53.C 54.B 55.D Passage 42 (07·江苏 D 篇)

Thinking? ? ? Some scientists claim that we humans are the only living things that are conscious (有意识的) — we alone are aware that we are thinking. No one knows how consciousness works — it is one of science’s last great mysteries. All your thoughts take place in the cerebrum (大脑皮质), which is at the top of your brain, and different kinds of thought are linked to different areas, called association areas. Each half of the cerebrum has four rounded ends called lobes (脑叶) — two at the front (frontal and temporal lobes) and two at the back (occipital and parietal lobes). The frontal lobe is linked to your personality and it is where you have

?

?

? ? ? ? ?

your bright ideas. The temporal lobe is where you hear and understand what people say to you. The occipital lobe is where you work out what your eyes see. The parietal lobe is where you record touch, heat and cold, and pain. The left half of the brain controls the right side of the body. The right half controls the left side. One half of the brain is always dominant (in charge). Usually, the left brain is dominant, which is why 90% of people are right-handed.

68. Which part of your cerebrum is most active when you are making a telephone call? A. The frontal lobe. B. The temporal lobe. C. The occipital lobe. D. The parietal lobe. 69. Which of the following statements is true? A. One’s personality has something to do with the frontal lobe. B. Bright ideas come from the parietal lobe. C. The occipital and temporal lobes are at the back of the cerebrum. D. The occipital lobe is in charge of sound. 70. From the passage, we know the reason why around 10% of people are left-handed is that ________. A. their frontal lobe is usually dominant B. their temporal lobe is usually dominant C. their right brain is usually dominant D. their left brain is usually dominant 答案 68.B 69.A 70.C Passage 43 (07·重庆 D 篇) The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth , is of great importance to African ecosystem( 生 态 系 统 ). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna(大草原)surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat(栖息地). It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters. Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests become suitable

for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as well. What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem. 67. What is the passage mainly about? A. Disappearance of African elephants. B. Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants. C. The effect of African elephants' search for food. D. The eating habit of African elephants. 68. What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean? A. Fixing the time. B. Worsening the state. C. Improving the quality. D. Deciding the conditions. 69. What do we know about the open spaces in the passage? A. They result from the destruction of rain forests. B. They provide food mainly for African elephants. C. They are home to many endangered animals. D. They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds. 70. The passage is developed mainly by. A. showing the effect and then explaining the causes B. pointing out similarities and differences C. describing the changes in space order D. giving examples 答案 67.C 68.D 69.D 70.A Passage 44 (07·辽宁 A 篇) What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question, you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-technology(生物技术). With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly fom accidents, murder and war. Today’s leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer, and aging itself, will become distant memories. In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells(细胞) are the basic units of all living things, and until recently, scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond l20 years because the basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs ( The medicine, made up of the basic building materials of life, will build new brain cells, heart cells, and so on—in much the

same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones. It is exciting to imaging that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future. 56. According to the passage, human death IS now mainly caused by____ A. diseases and aging B. accidents and war C. accidents and aging D. heart disease and war 57. In the author’ s opinion, today’s most important advance in technology lies in____ A. medicine B. the Internet C. brain cells D. human organ 58. Humans may live longer in the future because_____ A. heart disease will be far away from us B. human brains can decide the final death C. the basic materials of cells will last forever D. human organs can be repaired by new medicine 59. We can learn from the passage that ______ A. human life will not last more than 120 years in the future B. humans have to take medicine to build new skin cells now C. much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life D. we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells 答案 56.A 57.A 58.D 59.C Passage 45 (07·辽宁 C 篇) Most rain forests lie close to the equator( where the climate is often mild and there are long hours of sunshine. The warmth of the land heats the air above, causing it to rise and tiny drops of water to fall as rain. The rainfall can reach at least 98 inches a year. This wet, warm world with plenty of sunlight is perfect for plants to grow so the trees grow fast with green leaves all the year round, The trees themselves also have an effect on the climate. They gather water from the soil and pass it out into the air through their leaves. The wet air then forms clouds, which hang over the treetops like smoke. These clouds protect the forest from the daytime heat and nighttime cold of nearby deserts, keeping temperatures fit for plant growth Rain forests slightly farther away from the equator remain just as warm, but they have a dry season of three months or morn when little rain falls. Tree leaves fall during this dry season and new leaves grow when the wet season or monsoon (雨季) begins. Thus these areas are known as the “monsoon forest”. Another type of rain forest grows on tropical mountains. It is often called the “cloud forest” because clouds often hang over the trees like fog. The rain forest is the ideal place for the growth of many different trees. Most of them depend on animals to eat their fruits and spread their seeds. When the fruits are eaten, the seeds inside them go undamaged through animals’ stomachs and arc passed out in their droppings. The seeds lying on the forest floor then grow into

new trees. 64. The climate of the rain forests near the equator is______ A. mild, wet and windy B. hot, rainy and foggy C. hot, wet and cloudy D. warm, wet and sunny 65. We can learn from the passage that_______ A. tree leaves are green all the lime in the monsoon forest B. there is a dry season in the cloud forest on tropical mountains C. clouds help the plants in the rain forest near the deserts to grow D. the formation of climate in the rain forest has little to do with the trees 66. According to the passage,______ play with the most important role in the spreading seeds. A. animals. B. droppings C. fruits D. winds 67.This passage is most likely to be found in ______ A. a travel guide B. a story book C. a technical report D. a geography book 答案 64.D 65.C 66.A 67.D Passage 46 (07·福建 C 篇) Scientists have found what look like caves on Mars(火星), and say they could be protecting life from the planet’s terrible environment. The first caves discovered beyond the Earth appear as seven anysterious black dots on the pictures sent back by NASA’s Mars Odyssey orbiter. Each as large as a football field, they may be openings into natural caves below the Martian suface. “If there is life on Mars, there is a good chance you’d find it in caves,” said Jut Wynne,one of the reseachers who noticed the features while working on a US Geological Survey Mars Cave Detection Program. Jonathan Clarke, a geologist with the Mars Society of Australia, yesterday described the discovery as exciting. One photo taken at night by an infrared imager(红外线成像器) showed one hole to be unusualy warm, suggesting hot air trapped during the day is flowing out. “I said:‘Wow, that’s a cave’ ” Dr. Clarke said excitedly. “People have been looking for these for a long time; now we have found them.” He agreed such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life escaping from the bitterly cold,radiatiion-soaked(充满辐射的), dry surface. “Tiny drops of water could collect inside,” he said. “If there are gases coming

out, they could provide energy for a whole range of bacteria. A cave is also a protection from radiation; the surface of Mars is exposed to high levels of space radiation.” The caves probably formed when tube-shaped lave flows(管状岩浆流) spread across the planet long ago. The outside of the tubes cooled, forming solid walls, while something hotter inside allowed the remaining have to flow out, forming caves. 64.What does the passage mainly talk about? A.How the caves were formed on Mars. B.How scientists found these caves on Mars. C.Caves on Mars may be full of hot air or a sign of life. D.Scientiste have completely recognized the surface of Mars. 65.We can learn from the passage that A.water has already been found on Mars B.the scientists found all the caves at night C.it is certain that there is life in these caves D.the surface of Mars is bitterly cold, radiation-soaked and dry 66.According to the passage, Dr. Clarke was so excited because A.such caves could provide energy for life B.they had finally found the caves on Mars C.such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life D.scientists had long been looking for these caves 67.Necessary conditions for life on Mars mentioned in the passage may include . . .

Dogs wag(摇摆) their tails in different directions depending on whether they are excited and wanting to move forward or threatened and thinking of moving back, a study has found. Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging behaviour of 30 dogs, catching their responses to a range of stimuli(刺激物) with video camems. To conduct the study they chose 15 male dogs and 15 female ones aged between one and six years. The dogs were all family pets whose owners had allowed them to take part in the experiment at Bari Umversity. The dogs were placed in a large wooden box with an opening at the front to allow for them to view various stimuli. They were tested one at a time. The researchers led by Professor Giorgio Vallortigara of the University of Trieste found that when the dogs were shown their owners — a positive expenence — their tails wagged energetically to the right side. When they were shown an unfamiliar human they wagged to the right, but with somewhat less enthusiasm. The appears of a cat again caused a right-hand side wag, although with less intensity again. The appearance of a large unfamiliar dog, similar to a German shepherd, changed the direction of tail wagging to the left. Research ers supposed the dog was thinking of moving back. When the dogs were not shown any stimuli they tended to wag their tails to the left, suggesting they preferred company. While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood (心情) of dogs. Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach. 71.The video cameras were used to catch the dogs’ responses because . A.it was easier to catch the dogs’response changes in the tail wagging B.the dogs were put in the wooden boxes and tested one at a time. C.they enabled the dogs’owners to know about their dogs’habit D.the dogs wagged their tails in different directions when they were in different moods 72.The underlined word“intensity” in the passage means . A.surprise B.worry C.excitement D.interest 73.When there are no stimuli, a dog will . A.wag to the left B.wag to the right C.not wag at all D.wag to the left and then to the right 74.The underlined word “they” refers to . A.the dogs B.the trainers C.the systems D.the rescarchers 75.The purpose of doing the experiment is . A.to train dogs for their owners B.to help people judge the mood of dogs C.to help dogs find company D.to help people choose their pet dogs 答案 71.A 72.C 73.A 74.B 75.B

Passage 48 (07·浙江 A 篇) If you were to walk up to Arthur Bonner and say, “ Hey, Butterfly Man,” his face would break into a smile. The title suits him. And he loves it. Arthur Bonner works with the Palos Verdes blue butterfly(蝴蝶), once thought to have died out. Today the butterfly is coming back — thanks to him. But years ago if you’d told him this was what he’d be doing someday, he would have laughed, “ You’re crazy.” As a boy, he used to be “ a little tough guy on the streets”. At age thirteen, he was caught by police stealing. At eighteen, he landed in prison for shooting a man. “ I knew it had hury my mom,” Bonner said after he got out of prison. “ So I told myself I would not put my mom through that pain again.” One day he met Professor Mattoni, who was working to rebuild the habitat(栖息 地) for an endangered butterfly called El Segundo blue. “ I saw the sign ‘ Butterfly Habitat’ and asked, ‘ How can you have a habitat when the butterflies can just fly away?’ ” Bonner recalls. “ Dr. Mattoni laughed and handed me a magnifying glass(放大镜) , ‘Look at the leaves.’ I could see all these caterpillars(蝴蝶的幼虫) on the plant. Dr Mattoni explained, ‘ Without the plant, there are no butterflies.’ ” Weeks later, Bonner received a call from Dr. Mattoni, who told him there was a butterfly needed help. That was how he met the Palos Verdes blue. Since then he’s been working for four years to help bring the butterfly back. He grows astragalus, the only plant the butterfly eats. He collects butterflies and brings them into a lab to lay eggs. Then he puts new butterflies into the habitat. The butterfly’s population, once almost zero, is now up to 900. For their work, Bonner and Dr. Mattoni receiced lots of awards. But for Bonner, he earned something more: he turned his life around. For six years now Bonner has kept his promise to stay out of prison. While he’s bringing back the Palos Verdes blue, the butterfly has helped bring him back, too. 41. When he was young, Arthur Bonner _______. A. broke the law and ended up in prison B. was fond of shooting and hurt his mom C. often laughed at people on the streeets D. often caught butterflies and took them home 42. Bonner came to know the Palos Verdes blue after he _______. A. found the butterfly had died out B. won many prizes from his professor C. met Dr. Mattoni, a professor of biology D. collected butterflies and put them into a lab 43. From the last sentence of the text, we learn that raising butterflies has _________. A. made Bonner famous B. changed Bonner’s life C. brought Bonner wealth D. enriched Bonner’s knowledge 44. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

People who have lost the ability to understand or use words due to brain damage are called aphasics(失语症患者). Such patients can be extremely good at something else. From the changing expressions on speakers’ faces and the tones of their voices, they can tell lies from truths. Doctors studying the human brain have given a number of examples of this amazing power of aphasics. Some have even compared this power to that of a dog with an ability to find out the drugs hidden in the baggage. Recently, scientists carried out tests to see if all that was said about aphasics was true. They studied a mixed group of people. Some were normal; others were aphasics. It was proved that the aphasics were far ahead of the normal people in recognizing false speeches — in most cases, the normal people were fooled by words, but the aphasics were not. Some years ago, Dr. Oliver Sacks wrote in his book about his experiences with aphasics. He mentioned a particular case in a hospital. Some aphasics were watching the president giving a speech on TV. Since the president had been an actor earlier, making a good speech was no problem for him. He was trying to put his feelings into every word of his speech. But his way of speaking had the opposite effect on the patients. They didn’t seem to believe him. Instead, they burst into laughter. The aphasics knew that the president did not mean a word of what he was saying. He was lying! Many doctors see aphasics as people who are not completely normal because they lack the ability to understand words. However, according to Dr. Sacks, they are more gifted than normal people. Normal people may get carried away by words. Aphasics seem to understand human expressions better, though they cannot understand words. 45. What is so surprsing about aphasics? A. They can fool other people. B. They can find out the hidden drugs. C. They can understand language better. D. They can tell whether people are lying. 46. How did the scientists study aphasics? A. By asking them to watch TV together. B. By organizing them into acting groups. C. By comparing them with normal people. D. By giving them chances to speak on TV. 47. What do we learn from this text? A. What ones says reflects how one feels. B. Aphasics have richer feelings than others. C. Normal people often tell lies in their speeches.

D. People poor at one thing can be good at another. 答案 45.D 46.C 47.D Passage 50 (07·湖北 B 篇) How can a creature weighing over 5 tons and normally taking 150 kilograms of food and 120 liters of water per day survive in a desert environment? In the southwest African country of Namibia, and the Sahara lands of Mali further north, the desert elephant does just that. Although not regarded as a separate species from the African elephant, the desert cousin differs in many ways. Their bodies are smaller, to absorb less heat, and their feet are larger for easier walking across sandy surfaces. They are taller, to reach higher branches. They have shorter tusks （象牙） ， and most importantly, longer trunks to dig for water in riverbeds. Desert clephants can travel over 70 kilometers in search for feeding grounds and waterholes, and have a larger group of families, They drink only every 3-4 days, and can store water in a “bag” at the back of their throat, which is only used when badly needed. Desert elephants are careful feeders-they seldom root up trees and break fewer branches, and thus maintain what little food sources are available. Yong elephants may even eat the dung （粪便）of the female leader of a group when facing food shortage. During drought they are unlikely to give birth to their young but with good rains the birthrate will increase greatly. Desert elephants have sand baths, sometimes adding their own urine (尿液) to make them muddy! As we continue to overheat our weak planet, it can only be hoped that other animal species will adapt as extraordinarily well to change as the desert elephant. 65. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means“ ”. A.remains in the African countries B.drinks 120 liters of water a day C.manages to live in desert areas D.eats 150 kilograms of food daily 66.Desert elephants are called careful feeders because they . A.tarely ruin trees B.drink only every 3-4 days C.search for food in large groups D.protect food sources for their young 67.The author answers the question raised in the first paragraph with . A.stories and explanation B.facts and descriptions C.examples and conclusion D.evidence and argument 68.What can be inferred from the last sentence in the passage? A.Overheating the earth can be stopped. B.Not all animal species are so adaptable.

C.The planet will become hotter and hotter. D.Not all animals are as smart as desert elephants. 答案 65.C 66.A 67.B 68.B Passage 51 (07·湖北 D 篇) Over the last 70 years, researchers have been studying happy and unhappy peopke and finally found out ten factors that make a difference. Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a certain degree by genes. However, of all the factors, wealth and age are the top two. Money can buy a degree of happiness. But once you can afford to feed, clothe and house yourself, each extra dollar makes less and less difference. Researchers find that, on average, wealthier people are happier. But the link between money and happiness is complex. In the past half-century, average income has sharply inereased in developed countries, yet happiness levels have remained almost the same. Once your basic needs are met, money only seems to increase happiness if you have more than your friends, neighbors and colleagues. “Dollars buy status, and status makes people feel better,” conclude some experts, which helps explain why people who can seek status in other ways-scientists or actors, for example-may happily accept relatively poorly-paid jobs. In a research, Professor Alex Michalos found that the people whose desires-not just for money, but for friends, family, job, health-rose furthest beyond what they already had, tended to be less happy than those who felt a smaller gap (差距)。 Indeed, the size of the gap predicted happiness about five times better than income alone. “The gap measures just blow away the only measures of income.”says Michalos. Another factor that has to do with happiness is age. Old age may not be so bad “Given all the problems of aging, how could the elderly be more satisfied？”asks Protessor Laura Carstensen. In one survey, Carstensen in tervicwed 184 people between the ages of 18 and 94, and asked them to fill out an emotions questionnaire. She found that old people reported positive emotions just as often as young people, Some scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it, or they’re more realistic abour their time running out, older people have learned to focus on things that make them happy and let go of those that don’t. “People realize not only what they have, but also that what they have cannot last forever,” she says. “A goodbye kiss to a husband or wife at the age of 85, for example, may bring far more complex emotional responses than a similar kiss to a boy or girl friend at the age of 20.” 72.According to the passage, the feeling of happiness . A.is determined partly by genes B.increases gradually with age C.has little to do with wealth D.is measured by desires 72.Some actors would like to accept poorly-paid jobs because the jobs .

A.make them feel much better B.provide chances to make friends C.improse their social position D.satisfy their professional interests 74.Aged people are more likely to feel happy because they are more A.optimistic B.successful C.practical D.emortional 75.Professor Alex Michalos found that people feel less happy if A.the gap between reality and desire is bigger B.they have a stronger desire for friendship C.their income is below their expectation D.the hope for good health is greater 答案 72.A 73.C 74.C 75.A Passage 52 (07·湖北 E 篇)

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lmagine you’ re at a party full of strangers. You’re nervous. Who are these people? How do you start a conversation? Fortunately, you’ve got a thing that sends out energy at tiny chips in everyone’s name tag (标签). The chips send back name, job, hobbies, and the time available for meeting-whatever. Making new friends becomes simple. This hasn’t quite happened in real life. But the world is already experiencing a revolution using RFID technology. An RFID tag with a tiny ehip can be fixed in a produet, under your pet’s skin, even under your own skin. Passive RFID tags have no energy source-batteries because they do not need it. The energy comes from the reader, a scanning device(装置),that sends out energy (for example,radio waves)that starts up the tag immediately. Such a tag carries information speeific to that object,and the data can be updated.Already, RFID technology is used for recognizing each car or truck on the road and it might appear in your passport. Doctors can put a tiny chip under the skin that will help locate and obtain a patient’s medical records. At a nightclub in Paris or in New York the same chip gets you into the VIP (very important person)section and pays for the bill with the wave of an arm. Take a step back:10 or 12 years ago,you would have heard about the coming age of computing. One example always seemed to surfact: Your refrigerator would know when you needed to buy more milk. The comcept was that computer chips could be put everywhere and send information in a smart network that would make ordinary life simpler. RFID tags are a small part of this phenomenon. “The world is going to be a loosely coupled set of individual small devices, connected wirelessly,” predicts Dr.J.Reich. Human right supporters are nervous about the possibilities of such technology. It goes too far tracking school kids through RFID tags, they say. We imagine a world in which a beer company could find out not only when you bought a beer but also when you drank it. And how many beers. Accompanied by how many biscuits.

When Marconi invented radio, he thought it would be used for ship-to-shore communication. Not for pop music. Who knows how RFID and related technologres will be used in the future. Here’s a wild guess:Not for buying milk. 76.The artiele is intended to . A.warn people of the possible risks in adopting RFID technology B.explain the benefits brought about by RFID technology C.convince people of the uses of RFID technology D.predict the applications of RFID technology 77.We know from the passage that with the help of RFID tags,people . A.will have no trouble getting data about others B.will have more energy for conversation C.will have more time to make friends D.won’t feel shy at parties any longer 78.Passive RFID tags chiefly consist of . A.scanning devices B.radio waves C.batteries D.chips 79.Why are some people worried about RFID technology? A.Because children will be tracked by strangers. B.Because market competition will become more fierce. C.Because their private lives will be greatly affected. D.Because customers will be forced to buy more products. 80.The last paragraph implies that RFID technology . A.will not be used for such matters as buying milk B.will be windely used, including for buying milk C.will be limited to communication uses D.will probably be used for pop music 答案 76.D 77.A 78.D 79.C 80.B Passage 53 (07·湖南 A 篇) In June, 2007, a group of students from eight high schools in Winnipeg, the capital of Canada’s Manitoba province, will begin test-launching (试发射) a satellite the size of a Rubik’s cube. The one-kilogram Win-Cub satellite, named for its home city and its shape, will be put into low orbit. Once in space, it can perform for a few months or up to several years, communicating information that could help find the signs of earthquakes. There are 80 similar satellite projects worldwide, but this is the first high-school based program of its kind in Canada. 30 Manitoba high school students are having a hand in designing and building the satellite, in cooperation with aerospace (航空航天的) experts and 10 students from the University of Manitoba, and with support from two other organizations. The Win-Cube project is not something that goes on a piece of paper; it is real-world engineering, allowing high school students to have an opportunity to learn more about the exciting world of engineering through their participation in

this challenging program. It is also taken as a wonderful example of the unique partnerships within Manitoba. Designing, building and launching a satellite with high-school participation will bring this world-class educational project into reality and Manitoba closer to space. “These Manitoba high school students deserve congratulations for their enthusiasm, innovation (创新), and a strong love for discovery,” said Education, Citizenship and Youth Minister Peter Bjomson. “We want to make science more relevant (相关的), interesting and attractive to high school students by showing them how classroom studies can relate to practical experience in the workplace or, in this case, in space,” Bjomson added. The Win-Cube program is mainly named at inspiring a strong desire for discovery on the part of the students. It also shows Manitoba’s devotion to research and innovation and the development of a skilled workforce—all important drivers of knowledge-based economic growth. 56. According to the passage, the Win-Cube satellite is _________. A. named after Manitoba and its shape B. intended for international communication C. designed like a Rubik’s cube both in shape and size D. challenged by university students around the world 57. According to Mr. Bjomson, ___________. A. those Manitoba high school students are worth praising B. the study of space can be practically made in classrooms C. Manitoba high schools are famous for the study of space D. scientific research is too far away from high school students 58. The primary purpose of the project is to _________. A. find the early signs of earthquakes B. relate studies to practical C. help high school students study real-world engineering D. inspire a strong desire for discovery among the students 59. The best title for this passage may be ________. A. Manitoba School B. Win-Cube Program C. Space Co-operation D. Satellite Launching 答案 56.C 57.A 58.D 59.B Passage 54 (07·江西 D 篇) Brian Walker chews pens. He bites them so hard that his boss has warned him to stop or buy his own. Kate’s weakness is more acceptable-she is unalbe to walk past a cake shop without overeating Sophin Cartier finds her cigarette habit a headache, while Alice’s thumb-sucking drives her boy friend crazy. Four people with very different habits, but they all share a common problem anxiety disorder or, in serious cases. Obessive Compulisive Disorder (OCD).

From nail-biting to too much hand-washing, overeating and internet addiction （上瘾）,OCD is widespread in almost every workplace and countless home. “It is a relatively common form of nxiety,”says Dr. Mootee. “Tbe main feature of OCD is the repetitin of unwanted bosersive（过度的） thoughts such as worries that doors are left unlocked , gas or electrical appliances are left on.” In order to fight against the an esasy chedcking door locks and gas or electrical appliandces. Dr. Mootee says that repetitive washing, particularlu of the hands, is the most common type of OCD. She hastreated many patients who wash their hands up to 30 times a day. The technique Mootee uses to treat people with OCD is called cognitive-behavioral therapy（认知行为疗法）.“It is based on the general idea that people have the ability to change the way they think and behave,”says Mootee. But when does a haibt become a problem?“It’s personal,”says Mootee.“Everyone has something unusual,but if you can’t put up with it, then it’s a problem and you need to do something to change it.”Mootee says many people reaist for treatmet because they fear they are“crazy”. But as people become more knoledgeable about these problems they will go and get help. The only way to coure is to coqnuer. 68.If a person suffers from OCD, be is likely to keep doing any of the following EXCEPT . A.chewing pens B.hurting himself C.sucking fingers D.biting nails 69.According to the passage, a person suffering from OCD . A.reduces his/her anxiety by taking drugs B.gets into unwanted hagbits to relieve stress C.has unwanted thoughts about habits D.has unwanted thoughts because of illness 70.Dr. Mootee’s treating lechnique is based ont eh idea that . A.everyong has something different B.people can put up with their problems C.people can chag their way of thinking and action D.people tend to repeat their obsessive actions 71.By saying “The only way to cure is to conquer.”Dr. Mootee suggests that an OCD sufferer . A.has to be an extraordinary person B.must cure his illness by himself C.must overcome many physical illnesses D.should have a right attitude towards the problem 答案 68.B 69.B 70.C 71.D Passage 55 (07·四川 D 篇) Sorry to say, our brains naturally start slowing down at the Cruelty young age of 30. It used to be thought that this couldn't be helped, but new studies show that people of any age can train their brains to work faster. "Your brain is a learning machine," says University of California scientist Dr. Michael Merzenich. Given the

right tools, we can train our brains to act like they did when we were younger. All that's required is the practice designed just for the purpose: a few exercises for the mind. Merzenich has developed a computer-based training method to speed up the process(过程) in which the brain deals with information (positscience.com). Since much of the data we receive comes through speech, the Brain Fitness Program works with language and hearing to better speed and accuracy (准 确性). Over the course of training, the program starts asking you to distinguish (辨 别) sounds (between "dog" and "bog", for example) at an increasingly faster speed. It's a bit like tennis instructor, says Merzenich, hitting balls at you ~faster and faster to keep you challenged(受到挑战). You may start out slow, but before long you're pretty quick. The biggest finding in brain research in the last ten years is that the brain at any age is highly plastic. If you ask your brain to learn, it will learn. And it may even speed up while in the process. To keep your brain young and plastic you can do one of a million new activities that challenge and excite you: playing table tennis or bridge, doing crossword puzzles, learning a language.... "When it comes to preventing ageing, you really do 'use it or lose it' ," says Barbara Sahakian, professor at Cambridge University. 67. Dr. Merzenich’s training method mainly depends on ________. A. speech training B. computer languages C. the activities one joins in D. the information being dealt with 68. By saying "the brain at any age is highly plastic ", the writer probably means the brain can be______. A. used B. mastered C. developed D. researched 69. What can we learn from the text? A. Practice makes a quick mind. B. Brain research started ten years ago. C. Dr. Merzenich is a scientist in computer, D. People believed nothing could stop the brain slowing down. 70. Which of the following agrees with the writer's idea? A. The training methods work better for the old. B. People should use the brain to stop it from ageing. C. The training of the brain should start at an early age. D. It's necessary to take part in as many activities as possible. 答案 67.A 68.C 69.D 70.B Passage 56 (07·陕西 B 篇) When people want to know about the wcather, they usually go to there radios, TVs, pewspapers, or to the Internet. However, you can also find many weather signs among wildlife, because of their highly developed senses. Drops in air pressure(压力) produce an effect on small animals in many ways. Mice and deer are good weather

indicators. People who spend a lot of time outdoors have observed that, before a storm, field mice come out of their holes and run around, Deer leave high ground and come down from the mountains. Birds are especially good weather indicators because they also show the effect of a prcssure drop in many ways. For example, some birds become irritable(急躁的)and qusrrelsome and will fight over a picce of bread. Other birds chirp(叽叽喳喳)and sing just before a storm. It seems they know they won’t get snother chance for an bour on two. Birds also seek safe placcs before a storm, You will sometimes see birds settling in trees or gathering together on a wire close to a building. Pre-storm low pressure makes the are so thin that birds have difficulty flying. It is unusual to see many birds flying overhead in the summertime, rather than during the periods in the spring or autumn. Watch for other weather signs if you see this. If they fly in the wrong direction,they may be flying abead of a storm. By paying closer attention to some important signs in nature, we can become better prepared for any kind of weather. 45.The word“indicators”in paragraph I probably means . A.maps B.services C.signs D.stations 46.There will be a storm if birds . A.make more noise than usual B.fly in different directions C.come down from tall trees D.share a piece of bread 47.How can birds sense the coming of a storm? A.By feeling a drop in air temperature. B.By noticing the change of wind directions. C.By feeling a drop in air pressure. D.By notieing the movements of other animals. 48.The best title for the text would be . A.Signs of a Storm B.Drops in Air Pressure C.Animals’Sharp Senses D.Nature’s Weather Signs 答案 45.C 46.A 47.C 48.D Passage 19 (08·宁夏、海南、全国ⅠB 篇) More than 10 years ago, it was difficult to buy a tasty pineapple．The fruits that made it to the UK were green on the outside and, more often than not, hard with an unpleasant taste within．Then in 1996, the Del Monte Gold pineapple produced in Hawaii first hit our shelves． The new type of pineapple looked more yellowy-gold than green．It was slightly softer on the outside and had a lot of juice inside．But the most important thing about this new type of pineapple was that it was twice as sweet as the hit-and-miss pineapples we had known．In no time,the Del Monte Gold took the market by storm,

rapidly becoming the world’s best-selling pineapple variety,and delivering natural levels of sweetness in the mouth,up until then only found in tinned pineapple． In nutrition ( 营养 ) it was all good news too ． This nice-tasting pineapple contained four times more vitamin C( 维 生 素 C)than the old green

variety．Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitamins,but also good against some diseases ． People were understandably eager to be able to buy this wonderful fruit．The new type of pineapple was selling fast,and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater． Seeing the growing market for its winning pineapple, Del Monte tried to keep the market to itself．But other fruit companies developed similar pineapples. Del Monte turned to law for help,but failed．Those companies argued successfully that Del Monte’s attempts to keep the golden pineapple for itself were just a way to knock them out of the market． 60．We learn from the text that the new type of pineapple is ________． A．green outside and sweet inside B．good-looking outside and soft inside C．yellowy-gold outside and hard inside D．a little soft outside and sweet inside 61．Why was the new type of pineapple selling well? A．It was rich in nutrition and tasted nice． B．It was less sweet and good for health． C．It was developed by Del Monte． D．It was used as medicine． 62 ． The underlined word“fixture”in Paragraph 3 probably refers to

something________． A．that people enjoy eating C．that is difficult to get B．that is always present D．that people use as a gift

63．We learn from the last paragraph that Del Monte________． A．allowed other companies to develop pineapples B．succeeded in keeping the pineapple for itself

C．tried hard to control the pineapple market D．planned to help the other companies 答案 60.D 61.A 62.B 63.C Passage 20 (08·宁夏、海南 C 篇) Do’s and Don’ts in Whale(鲸) Watching The Department of Fisheries and Oceans has developed guidelines for whale

watching in Johnstone Strait,where killer whales are found on a daily basis each summer ． It is strongly recommended that vessel( 船 只 ) operators follow these guidelines for all kinds of whales． ● Approach whales from the side,not from the front or the back． ● Approach no closer than 100 metres,then stop the boat but keep the engine on． ● Keep noise levels down—no horns,whistles or racing of engines． ● Start your boat only after the whales are more than 100 metres from your vessel． ● Leave the area slowly,gradually moving faster when you are more than 300 metres from the whales． ● Approach and leave slowly,avoiding sudden changes in speed or direction． ● Avoid disturbing groups of resting whales． ● Keep at low speeds and remain in the same direction if travelling side by side with whales． ● When whales are travelling close to shore,avoid crowding them near the shore or coming between the whales and the shore． ● Limit the time spent with any group of whales to less than 30 minutes at a time when within 100 to 200 metres of whales． ● If there is more than one vessel at the same observation spot,be sure to avoid any boat position that would result in surrounding the whales． ● Work together by communicating with other vessels,and make sure that all operators are aware of the whale watching guidelines．

65．When leaving the observation areas,the vessel should _____． A．move close to the beach C．keep its engine running slowly B．increase speed gradually D． remain at the back of the whales ．

66．When going side by side with whales, the vessel should A．keep moving in the same direction B．surround the whales with other boats C．travel closer and closer to the shore D．take a good viewing position 67．What is the shortest safe distance from the whales? A．400 metres． 答案 B．300 metres． C．200 metres．

D．100 metres．

64.C 65.B 66.A 67.D Passage 21

(08·江苏 B 篇) We experience different forms of the Sun’s energy every day.We can see its light and feel its warmth.The Sun is the major source of energy for our planet.It causes the evaporation (蒸发) of water from the oceans and lakes.Sunlight also provides the energy used by green plants to make their own food.These green plants then provide food for all organisms(生物) on the Earth. Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth’s surface.It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere.Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere,30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth ’ s surface.The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet,causes water to evaporate,and provides energy for the water cycle and weather.Only a tiny part,approximately 0.023%,is actually used by green plants to produce food. Many gases found in the atmosphere actually reflect heat energy escaping from the Earth’s surface back to the Earth.These gases act like the glass of a greenhouse in that they allow energy from the Sun to enter but prevent energy from leaving.They

are therefore called greenhouse gases. When sunlight strikes an object,some of the energy is absorbed and some is reflected.The amount reflected depends on the surface.For example,you’ve probably noticed how bright snow is when sunlight falls on it.Snow reflects most of the energy from the Sun,so it contributes to the low temperatures of winter.Dark-coloured surfaces,such as dark soil or forest,absorb more energy and help warm the surrounding air. 59.According to the passage,the root cause for weather changes on the Earth is .

A.the atmosphere surrounding the Earth B.water from oceans and lakes C.energy from the Sun D.greenhouse gases in the sky 60.Only a small part of the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s surface because most of it is .

A.absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere B.reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere C.lost in the upper and lower atmosphere D.used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes 61.We learn from the passage that .

A.all living things on the Earth depend on the Sun for their food B.a forest looks dark in winter because it absorbs solar energy C.only 0.023% of the energy from the Sun is made use of on the Earth D.greenhouse gases allow heat energy to escape from the Earth’s surface 答案 59.C 60.C 61.A Passage 22 (08·北京 B 篇) Domestic (驯养的) horses now pull ploughs, race in the Kentucky Derby, and carry people. But early horses weren’t tame (驯服的) enough to perform these kinds of tasks. Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far

different from those today. Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication. As people began to tame and ride horses, they chose to keep those animals that had more desirable characteristics. For example, people may have chosen to keep horses that had a gentle personality so they could be ridden more easily. People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals. Characteristics like strength are partly controlled by the animals’ genes. So as the domesticated horses reproduced, they passed the characteristics on to their young. Each new generation of horses would show more of these chosen characteristics. Modern-day horse breeds come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. This variety didn’t exist in the horse population before domestication. The Shetland horse is one of the smallest breeds—typically reaching only one meter tall. With short, strong legs, the animals were bred to pull coal out of mine shafts (矿井) with low ceilings. Huge horses like the Clydesdale came on the scene around 1700. People bred these heavy, tall horses to pull large vehicles used for carrying heavy loads. The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horses were important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more efficiently. Before they were able to ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses allowed people to travel far greater distances in much less time. That encouraged populations living in different areas to interact with one another. The new form of rapid transportation helped cultures spread around the world. 59. Before domestication horses were ______. A. caught for sports C. made to pull ploughs B. hunted for food D. used to carry people

60. The author uses the Shetland horse as an example to show ______. A. it is smaller than the Clydesdale horse B. horses used to have gentle personalities

C. some horses have better shapes than others D. horses were of less variety before domestication 61. Horses contributed to the spread of culture by ______. A. carrying heavy loads C. serving as a means of transport different areas 62. The passage is mainly about _______. A. why humans domesticated horses B. how humans and horses needed each other C. why horses came in different shapes and sizes D. how human societies and horses influenced each other 答案 59.B 60.D 61.C 62.D Passage 23 (08·辽宁 D 篇) Far from the land of Antarctica (南极洲), a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod. For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secrets. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer. Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point. The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of -1.88℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to -2.05℃. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture. The scientists’ next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange things made up of a protein(蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had B. changing farming methods D. advancing agriculture in

its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point. Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules(分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein,or AFGP. 68. What is the text mainly about? A. The terrible conditions in the Antarctic. freezing waters. C. The ice shelf around Antarctica. Antarctic cod. 69. Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature? A. The seawater has a temperature of -1.88℃. B. It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture. C. A special protein keeps it from freezing. D. Its blood has a temperature lower than -2.05℃. 70. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. A type of ice-salt mixture. C. Fish blood. B. A newly found protein. D. Sugar molecule. D. Protection of the B. A special fish living in

71. What does “glyco-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraph mean? A.Sugar. Molecule. 答案 68.B 69.C 70.B 71.A Passage 24 (08·湖北 E 篇) Downing the last drop of an expensive famous brand H2O as well as remembering to throw the empty bottle in the recycling bin, makes you feel pretty good about yourself, right? It shouldn’t.Even when the bottles are recycled, there are all kinds of other consequences of swallowing bottled water, says Melissa Peffers, the air-quality program manager for Environmental Defense. B. Ice. C. Blood. D.

The containers are often filled in faraway lands, then shipped from abroad, and stored in refrigerators at your local store.Compare that with the influence on environment of turning on your tap, filling a glass, and drinking up! Anyone who is choosing bottled water for health reasons is misguided, says Peffers, “Most bottled water is just tap water.” And what comes out of your tap is carefully monitored to follow the strict rules.Consider another fact that bottled water is surprisingly expensive, especially when compared with the alternative, which is almost free, and it is astonishing that America’s desire for bottled water seems impossible to satisfy, reaching nearly 30 billion bottles a year. “My parents’ generation never had bottled water,” says Isabelle Silverman, an Environmental Defense legal adviser.She has made a commitment to going bottle free.“You don’t need to fetch it home from the store, and it’s cheaper,” she adds. Bottled water’s role as a status symbol needs to change, Peffers points out.So when a waiter at an expensive restaurant offers “And what’s your drink?” that’ s no reason to forget your conviction（信念）.“Don’t be afraid to say, ‘I’ll have tap.’Say it loud enough that the other tables nearby can hear you,” Peffers says.“And then spend that money on a dessert.” 77.In the first paragraph, the underlined sentence “It shouldn’t.” suggests that people _______. A.shouldn’t feel pleased with finishing the water in the bottle B.shouldn’t feel good about drinking an expensive brand H2O C.shouldn’t be content with just recycling empty bottles D.shouldn’t be satisfied with drinking only bottled water 78.According to the author, tap water is _______. A.as safe as bottled water C.healthier than bottled water bottled water 79.The underlined part “going bottle free” (in Para.4) means “_______”. A.making bottled water free B.abandoning bottled water B.more likely to be polluted D.less convenient than

C.recycling used water bottles containers

D.providing

free

water

80.Why does Peffers ask people to say “I’ll have tap.” loudly? A.To encourage them to set an example for others to follow. B.To advise them to save the money for one more dessert. C.To remind them to be aware of their social status. D.To persuade them to speak confidently in public. 答案 77.C 78.A 79.B 80.A Passage 25 (08·江西 A 篇) Despite the fact that it has never been seen,almost everyone is familiar with the legendary unicorn （独角兽） ． Descriptions of unicorns have been found dating from ancient times ． The great philosopher Aristotle theorized that there were two types of unicorn— the so-called Indian Ass and the Oryx, a kind of antelope．Unicorns are often used in the logo of a noble family, town council or university as their special sign．Even Scotland is represented by a unicorn． According to the legend, anyone attempting to catch a unicorn had to be extremely cautious as it has a reputation for being very fierce ． A clever trick suggested by unicorn-trappers, in order to catch this magnificent beast without being hurt by its horn, was for the hunter to stand in front of a tree and then to move quickly behind it as the unicorn charged．Hopefully, the creature could then be captured when its horn was stuck in the tree． When hollowed out and used as a drinking-cup, the unicorn’s horn was said to have the power to offer protection against poison．It was believed that nobody could be harmed by drinking the contents of a unicorn’s horn．Right up until the French Revolution in 1789, the French court was said to have used cups made of “unicorn” horn in order to protect the king.In addition, the horn was said to have medicinal value,

so much so that it could be sold for more than ten times the price of the same weight of gold．What, then, was “unicorn” horn? We know at times the rhino (犀牛) was confused with this legendary creature．A drinking-cup supposedly made of “unicorn” horn was discovered to be made of the horn of a rhino． 56．Which of the following is TRUE of the unicorn? A．It was not historically recorded. B．Its horn was first used in France. C．It was similar to the Indian Ass and the Oryx. D．It could be the symbol of a university. 57．To catch a unicorn, the unicorn-trappers had to try all of the following EXCEPT __ _ _． A．tempting the unicorn to attack protection C．hiding quickly behind the unicorn in the tree 58．The last paragraph is mainly about __ A．the properties of the unicorn horn B．the users of the unicorn horn C．the price of the unicorn horn D．the comparison between the unicorn horn and the rhino horn 59．In the last paragraph, the word “unicorn ” is in quotation marks (引号) because ____ _． __． D．having the unicorn horn stuck B．making use of the tree as a

A．the cup is designed only for a royal family B．the unicorn does not exist in reality C．the unicorn is the rarest animal in the world D．the medicinal value of the horn is appreciated 答案 56.D 57.C 58.A 59.B Passage 26 (08·江西 E 篇) Most people, when they travel to space, would like to stay in orbit for a few

days or more．And this stands to reason, if you’re paying $20,000 for your trip to orbit! So in order for tourism to reach its full potential there’s going to be a need for orbital accommodation—or space hotels．What would a space hotel actually be like to visit? Hotels in orbit will offer the services you expect from a hotel—private rooms, meals, bars．But they’ll also offer two unique experiences: impressive views—of Earth and space—and the endless entertainment of living in zero gravity—including sports and other activities that make use of this． The hotels themselves will vary greatly—from being quite simple in the early days to huge luxury structures at a later date．It’s actually surprising that as later as 1997, very few designs for space hotels were published．This is mainly because those who might be expected to design them haven’t expected launch costs to come down far enough to make them possible． Lots of people who’ve been to space have described vividly what it’s like to live in zero gravity．There are obviously all sorts of possibilities for dancing, gymnastics, and zero-G sports．Luckily, you don’t need to sleep much living in zero gravity, so you’ll have plenty of time for relaxing by hanging out in a bar with a window looking down at the turning Earth below． Of course all good things have come to an end, unfortunately. And so after a few days you’ll find yourself heading back though you’ll be much more expert at exercising in zero gravity than you were when you arrived．You’ll be thinking how soon you can save up enough to get back up again—or maybe you should change jobs to get to work in an orbiting hotel! 72．When traveling in space, most people would like to stay in orbit for a few days because _______． A．It is expensive to travel in space B．they would find the possible life in other star systems C．they could enjoy the luxury of space hotels D．they want to realise the full potential of tourism 73．Which of the following is a unique experience that space hotels will offer?

A．The gravitational pull. C．The relaxation in a bar．

B．The special views． D．The space walk．

74．Which of the following is NOT discussed in the passage? A．When was the space traveling made possible? B．What are the unique experiences that space hotels will offer? C．Why were there not many published designs for space hotels? D．How can the travelers enjoy themselves in space hotels? 75．This passage is mainly about ________． A．traveling in space hotels C．zero gravity and space hotels hotels 答案 72.A 73.B 74.A 75.D Passage 27 (08·陕西 D 篇) Runners in a relay(接力) race pass a stick in one direction. However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk Road in more than one direction. They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road. The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It started from eastern China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea. It was used from about 200 B. C. to about A.D.1300, when sea travel offered new routes( 路线 ).It was sometimes called the world’s longest highway. However, the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through what are now 18 countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe. The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia. Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China. Indian merchants traded D．the description of space B ． the ways of living in space

salt and other valuable goods. Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West. Apples traveled from Central Asia to Rome. The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁接) different trees together to make new kinds of fruit.

They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to worldwide business 2,000 years before the World Wide Web. The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning, diplomacy(外交), and religion (宗教). 53. It’s probable that traders along the Silk Road needed A. to remember the entire trade route products C. to receive certain special training difficulties 54. The Silk Road became less important because A. it was made up of different routes popular C. sea travel provided easier routes foreign goods 55. New technologies could travel along the Silk Road because people A. learned from one another C. traded goods along the route traveling 56. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Silk Road:Past and Present West C. The Silk Road:Routes Full of Dangers Learning 答案 53.D 54.C 55.A 56.B Passage 28 D. The Silk Road:Pathways for B. The Silk Road:East Meets . D. people needed fewer . B. silk trading became less D. to deal with a lot of .

B. to know the making of

B. shared each other’s beliefs D. earned their living by

(08·陕西 E 篇) Did you know that women’s brains are smaller than men’s? The average women’ s brain weighs 10% less than men’s. Since research has shown that the bigger the brain, the cleverer the animal, men must be more intelligent(聪明的) than women. Right? Wrong. Men and women always score similarly on intelligence tests, despite the difference in brain size. Why? After years of study, researchers have concluded that it’s what’s inside that matters, not just the size of the brain. The brain consists of “grey matter” and “white matter”. While men have more of

the latter ,the amount of “thinking” brain is almost exactly the same in both sexs. It has been suggested that smaller brain appears to work faster, perhaps because the two sides of the brain are better connected in women. This means that little girls tend to learn to speak earlier, and that women can understand sorts of information from different sources at the same time. When it comes to talking to the boss on the phone, cooking dinner and keeping an eye on the baby all at the same time, it’s women who come out on top every time. There are other important differences between two sexes. As white matter is the key to spatial(空间的) tasks, men know better where things are in relation to other things. “A great footballer always knows where he is in relation to the other players, and he knows where to go,” says one researcher. That may explain one of life’s great mysteries:Why men refuse to ask for directions ? and women often need to! The differences begin when fetuses(胎儿) are about nine weeks old, which can be seen in the action of children as young as one. A boy would try to climb a barrier (障碍物) before him or push it down while a girl would attract help from others. These brain differences also explain the fact that more men take up jobs that require good spatial skills, while more women speech skills. It may all go back to our ancestors(祖先) ,among whom women needed speech skills to take care of their babies and men needed spatial skills to hunt, according to one research. If all this disappoints you, it shouldn’t. “The brain changes throughout our lives according to what we do with it,” says a biologist. 57. Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?

A. Women’s brain is 10% less than men’s. B. Grey matter plays the same role as white matter. C. Grey matter controls thinking in the brain. D. Both sexes have the same amount of white matter. 58. What can we infer from the second and third paragraphs? A. Women prefer doing many things at a time. B. Men do better dealing with one job at a time. C. Women do not need to tell directions. D. Men have weaker spatial abilities. 59. Which of the following do you agree with according to the fourth paragraph? A. Young boys may be stronger than young girls. B. More women take up jobs requiring speech skills. C. Women may have stronger feelings than men. D. Our ancestors needed more spatial skills. 60. What is the writer’s attitude in writing this passage? A. Defensive. Objective. 答案 57.C 58.B 59.B 60.D Passage 29 (08·天津 C 篇) Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something truly fishier—the shark(鲨鱼). Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms. Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark’s ability to sense pressure. If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behaviour of sharks to predict bad weather. Miss Smith had previously studied the behaviour of lemon sharks in the Bahamas. She then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish, for further B. Persuasive. C. Supportive. D.

research at Aberdeen University. Her work—thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory— resulted from the observation that juvenile blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001. Miss Smith said: “I’ve always been crazy about traveling and diving and this led me to an interest in sharks.” “I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. I know there’s so much more we need to understand—but it certainly opens the way to more research.” It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system. At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature, while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology. In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal(潮汐的) and temperature changes on dogfish—none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic(模拟) oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts. She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for a job which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research. 44.The passage is most probably taken from _____. A. a short-story collection C. a research paper B. a popular science magazine D. a personal diary

45. What do we learn from the first four paragraphs of the passage? A. Sharks may be used to predict bad weather. B. Sharks’ behaviour can be controlled. C. Michael Fish is not qualified for his job. D. Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster. 46. Lauren Smith conducted her research by _______. A. removing hair cells from a shark’s balance system

B. measuring the air pressure of weather fronts C. recording sharks’ body temperature D. monitoring sharks’ reaction to weather changes 47. What is the passage mainly about? A. A popular way of forecasting weather. B. A new research effort in predicting storms. C. Biologists’ interest in the secrets of sharks. D. Lauren Smith’s devotion to scientific research. 答案 44.B 45.A 46.D 47.B Passage 30 (08·全国ⅡD 篇) Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines,say UK researchers. Their study found that theobromine,found in cocoa,was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine,which was considered the best cough medicine at present. The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatments.“While coughing is not necessarily harmful(有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life,and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,”said Professor Peter Barnes. Ten healthy volunteers(志愿者) were given theobromine,codeine or a placebo,a pill that contains no medicine,during the experiment.Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill.The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin,which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicines are stopping coughs. The team found that,when the volunteers were given theobromine,the capsaicin needed to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group.When they were given codeine they needed only slightly higher levels of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo.

The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a nerve activity(神 经活动 ),which causes coughing.They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments,theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness. 53.According to Professor Barnes,theobromine A.cannot be as effective as codeine B.can be harmful to people’s health C.cannot be separated from chocolate D.can be a more effective cure for coughs 54.What was used in the experiment to cause coughing? A.Theobromine. B.Codeine. C.Capsaicin. D.Placebo. . .

55.We learn from the text that volunteers in the experiment A.were patients with bad coughs B.were divided into three groups C.received standard treatments D.suffered little side effects 56.Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A.Codeine:A New Medicine B.Chocolate May Cure Coughs C.Cough Treatment:A Hard Case D.Theobromine Can Cause Coughs 答案 53.D 54.C 55.B 56.B Passage 31 (08·重庆 B 篇)

While all my classmates seem to be crazy about a one-way ticket to Mars(火星), I’d rather say Mars is totally unsuitable for human existence.People won’t have enough food supplies there,and the terrible environment would make it impossible for them to live a long life.Besides,the journey won’t be safe.Can anybody explain to me just why people would go to Mars,never to return?Steve Minear,UK Here are the things you can think of:the desire to explore a foreign and unique

environment,the excitement of being the first humans to open up a new world,the expectation of fame and glory....For scientists there is another reason.Their observations and research will probably lead to great scientific achievements. Donal Trollop,Canada There are already too many people on the Earth.I think that sometime before the end of the century,there will be a human colony(殖民地) on Mars.It will happen when people finally realize that two-way trips to the red planet Mars are unnecessary.Most of the danger of space flight is in the launches(发射) and landings.Cutting the trip home would therefore reduce the danger of accidents,save a lot of money,and open the way to building an everlasting human settlement in another world. Enough supplies can be sent on ahead.And every two years more supplies and more people will be sent to the new colony.Mars has all the materials for a colony to produce or make everything it needs,and Mars is far more pleasant than the other planets in the outer space. Paul Davies,USA 60.The main purpose of Steve Minear’s writing is A.to report his classmates’ discussion B.to invite an answer to his question C.to explain the natural state of Mars D.to show his agreement on going to Mars 61.Which of the following best states Donal Trollop’s idea? A.There is a plan to send humans to Mars. B.There are many reasons for going to Mars. C.Scientists become famous by doing research on Mars. D.It is possible to build an Earth-like environment on Mars. 62.Paul Davies points out that . .

A.humans need only a one-way ticket to Mars B.two-way trips to Mars will be made safe soon C.it is easy to reduce the danger and cost of flights to Mars D.it is cheap to build an everlasting human settlement on Mars

63.What does Paul Davies think of human existence on Mars? A.Humans will have to bring all they need from the Earth. B.Humans will find Mars totally unsuitable for living. C.Humans can produce everything they need. D.Humans can live longer in the colony on Mars. 答案 60.B 61.B 62.A 63.C Passage 32 (08·重庆 D 篇) Seeing a volcano erupt(喷发) is a wonderful experience,and you can really feel the heat by climbing to the summit(山顶) of Pacaya for a close-up view.There are guided tours every day up this highly active volcano from Antigua.Giving travelers a chance to see Mother Nature at her most powerful. Pacaya is an easy drive from Antigua,a beautiful city with many colorful houses along its old streets that are turned into art-works during its Holy Week festival.No matter when you come to Antigua,you won’t miss the Pacaya-tour companies. But climbing Pacaya is no easy job:it is 2,560 metres high,and reaching the summit takes two to three hours of seemingly one-step-forward and two-step-back movements.As you climb,you hear the dull sounds of eruptions high above.Steaming,hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit:the McKenney Cone(火山锥).Just as though you were going to walk over to the edge of the cone,the road turns to the left and up to the relative safety of the old,inactive summit. Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for sunset and the full contrast between the erupting red lava(熔岩) and the darkening sky.On a good day the view from the summit is extremely exciting.The active mouth boils,sending red lava over its sides,and once in a while shoots hot streams up to 100 metres into the air.There is a strong bad smell in the air even if you take care to be upwind of the cone.As evening turns deeper into the night,the burning lava quietly falls down the side of the volcano.For you,too,it is time to get down.

68.What is the main purpose of this passage? A.To attract tourists to Pacaya. B.To describe the beauty of Pacaya. C.To introduce guided tours to Pacaya. D.To explain the power of nature at Pacaya. 69.Antigua is a city .

A.where people can enjoy cultural festivals B.where the daring Pacaya tour starts C.that gives a close-up view of Pacaya D.that is famous for its tour companies 70.Climbing to the McKenney Cone,people will A.walk directly to the active summit B.hear the continuous loud noise from above C.make greater efforts than to other summits D.see a path lined with remains of earlier eruptions 71.Many tours are timed for people to . .

A.get down the mountain in time when night falls B.avoid the smell from the upwind direction of the cone C.enjoy the fantastic eruption against the darkening sky D.appreciate the scenery of the 2,560-metre-high mountain 答案 68.A 69.B 70.D 71.C Passage 33 (08·湖南 B 篇) Most young architects—particularly those in big cities—can only dream about working in a building of their own.And making that dream come true often means finding a building no one else seems to want,which is exactly what happened to David Yocum and his partner,Brian Bell.Their building is a former automobile electrical-parts firm in Atlanta.From the outside,it looks too old,even something horrible,but open the door and you are in a wide,open courtyard,lined on three sides with rusting(生 锈的) walls.

In 2000,Yocum and Bell found this building in the city’s West End.Built in 1947,the structure had been abandoned years earlier and the roof of the main building had fallen down.But the price was right,so Yocum bought it.He spent eight months of his off-hours on demolition(拆除),pulling rubbish out through the roof,because it was too dangerous to go inside the building.The demolition was hard work,but it gave him time to think about what he wanted to do,and“to treasure what was there —the walls,the rust,the light,”Yocum said.“Every season,more paint falls off the walls and more rust develops.It ’ s like an art installation( 装置 ) in there — a slow-motion show.” Since the back building had been constructed without windows,an all-glass front was added to the building to give it a view of the courtyard,and skylights were installed in the roof.The back of the building is a working area and a living room for Yocum and his wife.A sort of buffer(缓冲) zone between the front and the back contains a bathroom,a kitchen and a mechanical room,and the walls that separate these zones have openings that allow views through to the front of the studio and the courtyard beyond. Yocum and Bell,who have just completed an art gallery for the city,feel that the experience from the decoration of their building,focusing on the inside rather than the outside,has influenced their work.It has also given these architects a chance to show how they can make more out of less. 60.According to the passage,it is to work in a building of their own. A.easy D.common 61.Yocum bought the old building because A.it was a bargain to him B.it was still in good condition C.it was located in the city center D.it looked attractive from the outside 62.Working on the old building,Yocum and Bell . . B.unnecessary C.unrealistic for most young architects in big cities

A.pulled rubbish out through the roof B.removed the skylights from the bathroom C.presented a slow-motion show in an art gallery D.built a kitchen at the back part of the old building 63.It can be inferred from the passage that Yocum and Bell A.benefited a lot from pulling down the roof B.turned more old buildings into art galleries C.got inspiration from decorating their old building D.paid more attention to the outside of the art gallery 64.The main idea of the passage is that A.people can learn a lot from their failures B.it is worthwhile to spend money on an old building C.people should not judge things by their appearance D.creative people can make the best of what they have 答案 60.C 61.A 62.A 63.C 64.D Passage 34 (08·福建 D 篇) The global energy crisis is approaching.What can we do?Here are some steps you can take. Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid （电网）.Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage,a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort.Clean or replace filters monthly or as needed. For central air conditioning systems and room air conditioners,look for the ENERGY STAR,the federal government ’ s symbol for energy efficiency.For central air,purchase the system with the highest possible Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio(SEER). Use energy-efficient ceiling fans either alone or with air conditioning. Ceiling fans do a great job of circulating air.When used with air conditioning,fans allow you to raise the thermostat（恒温器） and cut costs.Ceiling fans cool people,not . .

rooms,so before you leave,turn off the ceiling fan. Let a programmable thermostat“remember for you”to automatically adjust the indoor climate with your daily and weekend patterns to reduce cooling bills by up to 10 percent.You can come home to a comfortable house without wasting energy and creating pollution all day while you are at work. Try to make your home airtight enough to increase your comfort,make your home quieter and cleaner and reduce your cooling costs up to 20 percent. Cut your air conditioning load,and reduce pollution by planting leafy trees around your home and fixing reflective bricks on your roof. Close blinds or shades on south- and west- facing windows during the day,fix shading equipment to avoid heat build-up. Turn off everything not in use:lights,TVs,computers.And use fluorescent bulbs （荧光灯） ，which provide bright,warm light while using at least two-thirds less energy,producing 70 percent less heat and lasting up to 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs（白炽灯）. Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle.If you drive 12,500 miles a year,switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than $65 per year. Carpool.The average U.S.commuter（乘车上班族）could save about $260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two other people in a car that gets 20.1 mpg—assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas. 68.According to the passage,the thermostat is used to A.make rooms quieter C.turn off the air conditioner .

B.control room temperature D.reduce room air pollution .

69.We can conclude from the passage that the author probably discourages A.planting leafy trees around your home B.turning off the ceiling fan before you leave your house C.keeping your south-facing windows open during the day D.using fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs

A new study has found no evidence that sunscreen,commonly used to reduce the risk of skin cancer,actually increases the risk. Researchers from the University of Iowa based their findings on a review of 18 earlier studies that looked at the association between sunscreen use and melanoma （黑素瘤）.They said that they found flaws in studies that had reported associ-

ations between sunscreen use and higher risk of melanoma. Most health experts believe that by protecting the skin from the harmful effects of the sun,sunscreen helps prevent skin cancer,which is increasing in incidence （发生率）faster than any other cancer in the United States. But questions have been raised about sunscreen and whether it may have the opposite effect,perhaps by allowing people to remain exposed to the sun longer without burning. The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account that those people most at risk for skin cancer —people with fair skin and freckles（雀斑） ，for example—are more likely to use sunscreen.As a result,it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often. The studies,which generally relied on volunteers to recall their sunscreen use,

were also unable to prove how well the products had been applied,said the new study. 72.The underlined word“flaws”in the 2nd paragraph most probably means A.evidences B.facts C.faults . B.are more in danger of skin D.failures .

73.People with fair skin and freckles A.seldom use sunscreen cancer C.can be free from the harm of the sun the sun 74.We can learn from the passage that

D.often expose themselves to

.

A.sunscreen users get skin cancer more often B.the volunteers have proved the effect of sunscreen C.the new study was based on the experiences of volunteers D.the number of skin cancer patients is increasing in America 75.Which of the following can be the best title for this passage? A.Sunscreen to Prevent Skin Cancer Cancer C.Skin Cancer Caused by Sunscreen 答案 72.C 73.B 74.D 75.A 2009 年高考题 Passage 1 (09·上海 C 篇) “Get your hands off me, I have been stolen,” the laptop, a portable computer, shouted. That is a new solution to laptop computer theft: a program that lets owners give their property a voice when it has been taken. The program allows users to display alerts on the missing computer’s screen and even to set a spoken message. Tracking software for stolen laptops has been on the market for some time, but this is thought to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind. Owners must report their laptop missing by visiting a website, which sends a message to the model: a red and yellow “lost or stolen” sign appears on its screen when it is started. Under the latest version（版本）of the software, users can also send a spoken message. The message can be set to reappear every 30 seconds, no matter how many times the thief closes it.” One customer sent a message saying,’ You are being tracked. I am right at your door’,” said Carrie Hafeman, chief executive of the company D.Skin Cancer Caused by Freckles B.Sunscreen to Increase Skin

which produces the program, Retriever. In the latest version, people can add a spoken message. For example, the laptop’s speakers will say: “Help, this laptop is reported lost or stolen. If you are not my owner, report me now.” The Retriever software package, which costs $29.95 but has a free trial period, has the functions of many security software programs .Owners can remotely switch to an alternative password if they fear that the thief has also got hold of the access details. If a thief accesses the internet with the stolen laptop, Retriever will collect information on the internet service provider in use, so that the police can be alerted to its location. Thousands of laptops are stolen every year form homes and offices, but with the use of laptops increasing, the number stolen while their owners are out and about has been rising sharply. Other security software allows users to erase data remotely or lock down the computer. 72. The expression “to give the thief a piece of their mind “can be understood as “_______” A. to give the thief an alert mind B. to express the owners’ anger to the thief C. to remind the thief of this conscience D. to make the thief give up his mind 73. Different from other security software, Retriever can . A. record the stealing process B. help recognize the lost laptop C. lock down the computer remotely D. send a spoken message 74. One function of the program is that it allows the owner to at a distance. A. change some access details for switching on the laptop B. turn on the laptop by using the original password C. operate the laptop by means of and alternative password D. erase the information kept in the stolen laptop 75. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage? A. With no Retriever, thousands of laptops are stolen every year. B. A new soft ware provides a means to reduce laptop theft. C. Retriever has helped to find thieves and lost computers. D. A new program offers a communication platform with the thief. 答案 72.B 73.D 74.A 75.B Passage 2 (09·安徽 C 篇) Sometimes, the simplest ideas are the best. For example, to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat, black surfaces. One way to do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildings. But why go to all that trouble when cities are rub of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt （柏

油） roads? Ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of Arian de Bondt, a Dutch engineer. He finally persuaded his boss to follow it up. The result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of the road outside. The heat-collector is a system of connected water pipes. Most of them ran from one side of the street to the other, just under the asphalt road. Some, however, dive deep into the ground. When the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes. At a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer （蓄水层） into which several heat exchangers （交换器） have been built. The hot water from the street runs through these exchangers, warning the ground-water, before returning to the surface through another pipe. The aquifer is thus used as a heat store. In winter, the working system is changed slightly. Water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the heat stored during summer. This water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up. After performing that task, it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice. 64. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs? A. Arian de Bondt got his idea from his boss. B. Large, flat, black surfaces need to be built in cities. C. The Dutch engineer's system has been widely used. D. Heat can also be collected from asphalt roads. 65. For what purpose are the diving pipes used? A. To absorb heat from the sun. B. To store heat for future use. C. To turn solar energy into heat energy. D. To carry heat down below the surface. 66. From the last paragraph we can learn that __ A. some pipes have to be re-arranged in winter B. the system can do more than warming up the building C. the exchangers will pick up heat from the street surface 答案 64.D 65.D 66.B Passage 3 (09·安徽 E 篇) A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below l6℃. Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. Without the forest cover，these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere，warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns，potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world. In the past hundred years，humans have begun destroying rainforests in search

of three major resources（资源） ：land for crops，wood for paper and other products， land for raising farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example ， a lot of carbon dioxide （二氧化碳） in the air comes from burning the rainforests. People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit. There are two main reasons for this. Firstly ， when people cut down trees ， generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly，cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now，but in the long run it actually reduces the world’s wood supply. Rainforests are often called the world’s drug store. More than 25％ of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However，fewer than l％ of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking rainforests. 72. Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they . A. reflect more heat into the atmosphere B. bring about high rainfall throughout the world C. rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than l6℃ D. reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth 73. What does the word “this” underlined in the third paragraph refer to? A. We will lose much more than we can gain. B. Humans have begun destroying rainforests. C. People have a strong desire for resources. D. Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests. 74. It can be inferred from the text that A. we can get enough resources without rainforests B. there is great medicine potential in rainforests C. we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land D. the level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns 75. What might be the best title for the text? A. How to Save Rainforests B. How to Protect Nature C. Rainforests and the Environment D. Rainforests and Medical Development 答案 72.D 73.A 74.B 75.C Passage 4 (09·北京 C 篇) How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors, But now scientists are giving this feelings an empirical（经验的, 实证的）basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation. Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence

creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room’s ceiling affects how people to think. Her research indicates that the higher callings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. In addition to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence ’ an occupant s ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention. Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design ＆Planning Laboratory at University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots. Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim （暗淡的） light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax. So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “We have a very ’ limited number of studies, so we re almost looking at the problem through a straw （吸管）, ”architect David Allison says. “How do you take answers to very specific t questions and make broad, generalized use of them? Tha ’s what we're all struggling with. ” 64. What does Joan Meyers-Levy focus on in her research? A. Light B. Ceilings C. Windows D. Furniture. 65. The passage tells us that____. , A. the shape of furniture may affect people s feelings B. lower ceilings may help improve students’ creativity C. children in a dim classroom may improve their grades D. Students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed 66. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that _______. A. the problem is not approached step by step B. the researches so far have faults in themselves C. the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect D. research in this area is not enough to make generalized pattens 67. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?

CP: Central Point 答案

P: point Sp: Sub—point（次要点）C: Conclusion

64.B 65.A 66.D 67.C Passage 5

(09·湖北 B 篇) Three years ago, five parrots were set free in a wild place of Arizona, thousands of miles from the Channel Islands in Jersey sher they had been looked after by zookeepers. No evolutionary strategies informed them how to behave in this new Landscape of mountainous pine forest unoccupied by their king for 50 years. To the researchers’ surprise, they failed to make contact with a group of wild parrots imported from Mexico and set free at the same time. Within 24 hours the reintroducing ended in failure, and the poor birds were back in cages, on their way to the safety of the Arizona reintroduction programme. Ever since then, the programme has enjoyed great success, mainly because the birds now being set free are Mexican birds illegally caught in the wild, confiscated （没收） on arrival north of the border, and raised by their parents in the safety of the programme. The experience shows how little we know about the behaviour and psychology（心理） of parrots, as Peter Bennett, a bird researcher, points out:” Reintroducing species of high intelligence like parrots is a lot more difficult. People like parrots, always treating them as nothing more than pers or valuable ‘collectables’. ” Now that many species of parrot are in immediate danger of dying out, biologists are working together to study the natural history and the behaviour of this family of birds. Last year was an important turning point: conservationists founded the World Parrot Trust, based at Hayle in Cornwall, to support research into both wild and caged birds. Research on parrots is vital for two reasons. Forest, as the Arizona programme showed, when reintroducing parrots to the wild, we need to be aware of what the birds

must know if they are to survive in their natural home. We also need to learn more about the needs of parrots keot as pets, particularly as the Trust’s campaign does not attempt to discourage the practice, but rather urges people who buy parrots as pets to choose birds raised by humans. 55. What do we know about the area where the five parrots were reintroduced? A. Its landscape is new to parrots of their king. B. It used to be home to parrots of their kind. C. It is close to where they had been kept. D. Pine trees were planted to attract birds. 56. The reintroducing experience three years ago shows that man-raised parrots ______. A. can find their way back home in Jersey B. are unable to recognize their parents C. are unable to adapt to the wild D. can produce a new species 57. Why are researches on parrots important according to the passage? A. The Trust shows great concern for the programme. B. We need to knows more about how to preserve parrots C. Many people are interested in collecting parrots. D. Parrots’ intelligence may someday benefit people. 58. According to the passage, people are advised_______. A. to treat wild and caged parrots equally B to set up comfortable homes for parrots C. not to keep wild parrots as pets D. not to let more parrots go to the wild 答案 55.B 56.C 57.B 58.C Passage 6 (09·四川 E 篇) All too often, a choice that seems sustainable( 可持续的 )turns out on closer examination to be problematic. Probably the best example is the rush to produce ethanol(乙醇) for fuel from corn. Corn is a renewable resource —you can harvest it and grow more, almost limitlessly. So replacing gas with corn ethanol seems like a great idea. One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it, which could still make ethanol more sustainable than gas generally, but that’s not the end of the problem. Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people, which drives up the cost of food. That result leads to turning the fallow land –including, in some cases, rain forest in places such as Brazil—into farmland, which in turn gives off lots of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) into the air. Finally, over many years, the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss. But by then, climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help.

You cannot really declare any practice “sustainable” until you have done a complete life-cycle analysis of its environmental( 环 境 的 ) costs. Even then, technology and public keep developing, and that development can lead to unforeseen and undesired results. The admirable goal of living sustainably requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis. 57. What might directly cause the loss of the forest according to the text? A. The growing demand for energy to make ethanol B. The increasing carbon dioxide in the air C. The greater need for farmland D. The big change in weather. 58. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “ ” A. the energy benefit B. the forest loss C. climate change D. burning ethanol 59. The author thinks that replacing gas with corn ethanol is . A. impractical B. acceptable C. admirable D. useless 60. What does the author mainly discuss in the text? A. Technology B. Sustainability C. Ethanol energy D. Environmental protection 答案 57.C 58.A 59.A 60.B Passage 7 (09·天津 D 篇) Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation（感觉） of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh. Psychologists have known that one person’s perception（感知） of another’s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills. Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries. To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant

who was unaware of the study’s hypotheses（假设）, handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form: The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink. “We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh. 51. According to Paragraph 1, a person’s emotion may be affected by ______. A. the visitors to his office B. the psychology lessons he has C. his physical feeling of coldness D. the things he has bought online 52. The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that ______. A. adults should develop social skills B. babies need warm physical contact C. caregivers should be healthy adults D. monkeys have social relationships 53. In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to ______. A. evaluate someone’s personality B. write down their hypotheses C. fill out a personal information form D. hold coffee and cold drink alternatively 54. We can infer from the passage that ______. A. abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences B. feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide C. physical temperature affects how we see others D. capable persons are often cold to others 55. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships. B. Experiments of Personality Evaluation. C. Developing Better Drinking Habits. D. Physical Sensations and Emotions. 答案 51.C 52.B 53.A 54.C 55.D Passage 8 (09·浙江 C 篇) Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants Produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as Bugs and bees.

Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by Hungry insets, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the Attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away ---- or even Chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies. Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical Sensor（传感器）called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make When they’re attacked Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being Eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual Plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens than can house Thousands of plants. The research team worked with an e-nose than recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software. To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop, These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch（打孔器）. The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on The volatile compounds they produce, It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage ---- by insects or with a hole Punch ---- had been done to the tomato leaves. With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.

49. We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by____. A. making some sounds B. waving their leaves C. producing some chemicals D. sending out electronic signals 50. What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked? A. They presented it with all common crops. B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device. C. They collected different damaged leaves. D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves. 51. According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can___. A. pick out ripe fruits B. spot the insects quickly C. distinguish different damages to the leaves D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves 52 We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____. A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers B. is not yet used in greenhouses C. is designed by scientists at Purdue D. is helpful in killing harmful insects 答案 49.C 50.D 51.C 52.B Passage 9 (09·重庆 C 篇) Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature .However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment. Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses（球场） in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas. There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control. Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free. 64. Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?

A. Cycling around a lake. B. Motor racing in the desert. C. Playing basketball in a gym. D. Swimming in a sports center. 65. What do we know about golf from the passage? A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain. B. It causes water shortages around the world. C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes. D. It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green. 66. The author uses power walking as an example mainly because______. A. it is an outdoor sport B. it improves our health C. it uses fewer resources D. it is recommended by experts 67. The author writes the passage to_______. A. show us the function of major sports B. encourage us to go in for green sports C. discuss the major influence of popular sports D. introduce different types of environment-friendly sports 答案 64.A 65.B 66.C 67.B Passage 10 (09·重庆 E 篇) A recent study, while showing a generally positive attitude toward science, also suggests a widespread worry that it may be “running out of control”, This idea is dangerous. Science can be a force for evil as well as for good. Its applications can be channeled either way, depending on our decisions. The decisions we make, personally or collectively, will determine the outcomes of science. But here is a real danger. Science is advancing so fast and is so strongly influenced by businesses that we are likely to believe whatever decisions we come to will make little difference. And, rather than fighting for the best possible policies, we may step back and do nothing. Some people go even further. They say that despite the moral and legal objections( 反对 ), whatever is scientifically possible will be done-somewhere , sometime. They believe that science will get out of control in the end. This belief is dangerous too, because it fuels a sense of hopelessness and discourages then from making efforts to build a safer world. In our interconnected world, the lack of agreement in and out of the world of science can lead to the failure to control the use of science. Without a common understanding, the challenges of “controlling” science in this century will be really tough. Take human cloning for example. Despite the general agreement among scientists on its possible huge impact( 影响 ) on traditional moral values, some countries still go ahead with the research and development of its related techniques.

The outcomes are hard to predict. Therefore, discussions on how science is applied should be extended far beyond scientific societies. Only through the untied efforts of people with hope, can we be fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future. 72. What can we conclude from the recent study? A. People think highly of science. B. People hold mixed opinions about science. C. Science is getting dangerously out of control. D. Science is used for both good and bad purposes. 73. According to the passage , what will happen if we hold that science is getting beyond control? A. The development of science will hopelessly slow down. B. Businesses will have even greater influence on science. C. The public will lose faith in bringing about a bright future. D. People will work more actively to put science under control. 74. The discussion should reach beyond scientific societies because_______ A. scientists have failed to predict the outcomes B. the ties between different areas need strengthening C. united efforts are necessary for the development of science D. people need to work together to prevent the bad use of science 75. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Science and its applications bring us many dangers. B. The development of science mostly lies in people's attitudes. C. Mankind can largely take control of science with their efforts. D. The future of science will be influenced by the dangerous ideas. 答案 72.B 73.C 74.D 75.B Passage 11 (09·福建 D 篇) Find Which Direction Is South Do you have a good sense of direction? If not, please take with you a compass. But if you forget to take a compass, you can still find your way. It’s never a good idea to imagine that the family member who was entrusted （委托）with the job of map-reading actually knows where the family is. You can tell by the slightly confused load on their faces that nothing on the ground seems to match the map. Never mind. The shu is shining and it’s still morning. If you don’t know the exact time, you can still find out where south is, but you’ll need to be patient. ①Find a straight sick and put it in the ground in a place where you can mark its shadow. ②Try to position the stick as vertically（垂直）as you can. You can check this by making a simple plumb line （铅锤线） with a piece of string and weight. You haven’t got any string? OK, use a thread from your clothes with a button tied at the end

to act as a weight. ③Mark the end of the shadow cast by the stick. ④Wait approximately half an hour and mark the end of the shadow again. ⑤Keep doing this until you have made several marks. ⑥The mark nearest the stick will represent the shortest shadow, which is cast at midday, when the sun is highest in the sky and pointing to the exact south. ⑦Pick a point in the distance along the line between the shortest shadow and the stick. ⑧That point is south of where you are. ⑨Now you can turn the map, like you did before, and find which way you should be travelling. 68. To find the direction, we ought to be patient probably because A. it is not easy to find a proper stick B. it is not easy to position the stick C. it takes hours to make the marks D. it takes about half an hour to make the marks 69. The passage would probably be most helpful to . A. those who draw maps B. those who get lost C. those who make compasses D. those who do experiments 70. Which of the following pictures best shows the way of finding the direction of south?

71. The author presents this passage by A. telling an interesting story lively way C. testing an idea by reasoning

. B. describing an activity in a D. introducing a practical method

答案

68.C 69.B 70.A 71.D Passage 12

(09·湖南 C 篇) People diet to look more attractive. Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists. The research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding （繁殖） rights within the group,” explains Marian Wong. “All other group members are nonbreeding females, each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor. We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.” The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up. It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily, by restraining how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast. The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their competitors small. While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, Dr. Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical （等级的） societies remain stable. The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature,” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggests that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, rarely does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females’ own ideal.” 65. When a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it . A. faces danger B. has breeding rights C. eats its competitor D. leaves the group itself 66. The underlined words “the evicted fish” in Paragraph 3 refer to . A. the fish beaten up B. the fish found out C. the fish fattened up D. the fish driven away 67. The experiment showed that the smaller fish .

Passage 13 (09·湖南 D 篇) Andrew Ritchie, inventor of the Brompton folding bicycle, once said that the perfect portable bike would be “like a magic carpet?You could fold it up and put it into your pocket or handbag”. Then he paused: “But you’ll always be limited by the size of the wheels. And so far no one has invented a folding wheel.” It was a rare — indeed unique — occasion when I was able to put Ritchie right. A 19th-century inventor, William Henry James Grout, did in fact design a folding wheel. His bike, predictably named the Grout Portable, had a frame that split into two and a larger wheel that could be separated into four pieces. All the bits fitted into Grout’s Wonderful Bag, a leather case. Grout’s aim: to solve the problems of carrying a bike on a train. Now doesn’t that sound familiar? Grout intended to find a way of making a bike small enough for train travel: his bike was a huge beast. And importantly, the design of early bicycles gave him an advantage: in Grout’s day, tyres were solid, which made the business of splitting a wheel into four separate parts relatively simple. You couldn’t do the same with a wheel fitted with a one-piece inflated （充气的） tyre. So, in a 21st-century context, is the idea of the folding wheel dead? It is not. A British design engineer, Duncan Fitzsimons, has developed a wheel that can be squashed into something like a slender ellipse （椭圆） . Throughout, the tyre remains inflated. Will the young Fitzsimons’s folding wheel make it into production? I haven’t the foggiest idea. But his inventiveness shows two things. First, people have been saying for more than a century that bike design has reached its limit, except for gradual advances. It’s as silly a concept now as it was 100 years ago: there’s plenty still to go for. Second, it is in the field of folding bikes that we are seeing the most interesting inventions. You can buy a folding bike for less than ?1,000 that can be knocked down so small that it can be carried on a plane — minus wheels, of course — as hand baggage. Folding wheels would make all manner of things possible. Have we yet got the magic carpet of Andrew Ritchie’s imagination? No. But it’s progress. 69. We can infer from Paragraph 1 that the Brompton folding bike . A. was portable B. had a folding wheel C. could be put in a pocket

D. looked like a magic carpet 【答案】A 【解析】逻辑推理题。从文章第一段 Andrew Ritchie, inventor of the Brompton folding bicycle, once said that the perfect portable bike would be “like a magic carpet?ou could fold it up and put it into your pocket or handbag”. 70. We can learn from the text that the wheels of the Grout Portable . A. were difficult to separate B. could be split into 6 pieces C. were fitted with solid tyres D. were hard to carry on a train 71. We can learn from the text that Fitzsimons’s invention . A. kept the tyre as a whole piece B. was made into production soon C. left little room for improvement D. changed our views on bag design 72. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. Three folding bike inventors B. The making of a folding bike C. Progress in folding bike design D. Ways of separating a bike wheel 答案 70.C 71.A 72.C Passage 14 (09·江苏 A 篇) When women sit together to watch a movie on TV, they usually talk simultaneously （同时的）about a variety of subjects, including children, men, careers and what' s happening in their lives. When groups of men and women watch a movie together, the men usually end up telling the women to shut up. Men can either talk or watch the screen -- they can' t do both -- and they don' t understand that women can. Besides, women consider that the point of all getting together is to have a good time and develop relationships -- not just to sit there like couch potatoes staring at the screen. During the ad breaks, a man often asks a woman to explain the plot and tell him where the relationship between the characters is going. He is unable, unlike women, to read the subtle body language signals that reveal how the characters are feeling emotionally. Since women originally spent their days with the other women and children in the group, they developed the ability to communicate successfully in order to maintain relationships. For a woman, speech continues to have such a clear purpose: to build relationships and make friends. For men, to talk is to relate the facts. Men see the telephone as a communication tool for sending facts and information to other people, but a woman sees it as a means of bonding. A woman can spend two weeks on vacation with her girlfriend and, when she returns home, telephone the same girlfriend and talk for another two hours. There is no convincing evidence that social conditioning, the fact that girls'

mothers talked them more, is the reason why girls talk more than boys. Psychiatrist Dr Michael Lewis, author Social Behaviour and Language Acquisition, conducted experiments that found mothers talked to and looked at, baby girls more often than baby boys. Scientific evidence shows parents res the brain bias of their children. Since a girl' s brain is better organized to send and receive speech , we therefore talk to them more. Consequently, mothers who try to talk to their sons are usually pointed to receive only short grunts in reply. 56.While watching TV with others, women Usually talk a lot because they A. are afraid of awkward silence with their families and friends B. can both talk and watch the screen at the Same time C. think they can have a good time and develop relationships D. have to explain the plot and body language to their husbands 57. After a vacation with her girlfriend, a woman would talk to her again on the phone for hours in order to . A. experience the happy time again B. keep a close tie with her C. recommend her a new scenic spot D. remind her of something forgotten 58. What does the author want to tell us most? A. Women' s brains are better organized for language and communication B. Women love to talk because they are more sociable than men. C. Men do not like talking because they rely more on facts. D. Social conditioning is not the reason why women love talking. 59. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Women Are Socially Trained to Talk B. Talking Maintains Relationships C, Women Love to Talk D. Men Talk Differently from Women 答案 56.C 57.B 58.A 59.C Passage 14 (09·江苏 D 篇) Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall? What do you think caused this change in colour? It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from t}le nearby fields． Components of Soft Soil is made up of a number of layers（层） ，each having its own distinctive colour and texture．The upper layer is known as the litter．It acts like a blanket．limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss．The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus（腐殖质） ， which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour．This layer is usually rich in nutrients， oxygen， and water． Below the topsoil is the subsoil， a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter．This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus．Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock． Soil forms from the bottom up．Over time bedrock is attacked by rain, wind， frost, and snow．It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering． Plants begin to grow， and rotten materials enrich the topsoil． Most

of the soil in Eastern Canada．for example．Was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared l2．000 years ag0． Water Beneath the Soil Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes． ponds． and rivers． Once in the soil or rock，it is called groundwater．Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation（渗透） ．Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table．Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate． As water percolates downward，it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers．This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth. Soil pH Soil can be acidic．neutral．or basic．The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock from which it was formed．and by the nature of t}le plants that grow and rot in it． The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil．By burning fossil fuels such as coal，oil and gasoline，humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils ． When fossil fuels are burned．gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain．Acid soil increases出e problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels．As nutrients are removed，soil is less fertile．Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil，and also become easily attacked by diseases． 67．The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called． A．1itter B．topsoil C．humus D．subsoil 68．According to the text．which of the following is NOT true? A．Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface． B．The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than t}le surface soil． C．Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil． D．Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth． 69．We can infer from the passage that the water table lies ． A．between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer B．in the subsoil layer above bedrock C．between the subsoil layer and bedrock D．in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil 70．The underlined word “dissolve” is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil are ． A．rushed away into the river B．cleaned and purified by water C．destroyed and carried away by water D．mixed with water and become part of it 答案 67.B 68.B 69.C 70.D Passage 16 (09·江西 B 篇)

The surprising experiment I am about to describe proves that air is all around you and that it proves down upon you. Air pressure is a wonderful force. When you swim underwater, you can feel water push down your body. The air all around you does the same. However, your body is so used to it that you do not notice this. The pressure is caused by a layer of air called the atmosphere. This layer surrounds the Earth, extending to about five kilometers above the Earth’s surface. The following experiment is an easy one that you can do at home. But make sure that you are supervised, because you will need to use matches. Now foe the experiment！ What you need ·A hard-boiled egg without the shell ·A bottle with a neck slightly smaller than the egg ·A piece of paper ·A match Metheod 1） Check that the paper will sit firmly on the neck of the bottle. 2） Tear the paper into strips and put the strips into the bottle. 3） Light the paper by dropping a burning match into the bottle. 4） Quickly sit the egg on the neck of the bottle. Result Astonishingly, the egg will be sucked into the bottle. Your friends will be amazed when you show them the experiment. But be careful when you handle matches. Why it happened As the paper burns, it needs oxygen and uses up the oxygen （air） in the bottle. The egg acts as a seal in the neck of the bottle, so no more air can get inside. This reduces the air pressure inside the bottle. The air pressure must equalize, so more air from outside must enter the bottle. The outside air pressure against the egg and then the egg is pushed into the bottle! The proves that air is all around and that it is pressing down on it. 60. Why is there the need to take care when you are doing the experiment? A. The bottle could break. B. You need to light the paper with a match. C. The egg needs to be shelled. D. The egg has to be perfectly placed on the neck of the bottle. 61. In the experiment, the burning inside the bottle can___. A. equalize the air pressure inside and outside B. make a seal in the neck of the bottle C. finish up the oxygen inside the bottle D. produce more oxygen inside the bottle 62. How did the egg put into the bottle？ A. The oxygen inside the bottle sucked the egg in. B. It became salt without the shell. C. The neck of the bottle was wide enough. D. The outside air pressure forced it into the bottle. 63. The experiment is carried cut to prove ______.

A. B. C. D.

water pushes on your body when you swim underwater. the earth is surrounded by a layer of air called the atmosphere. the pressure of air around us has a powerful force. the air pressure is not equalized around us. 60.B 61.C 62.D 63.C Passage 17 (09·辽宁 C 篇)

答案

A volcanic eruption in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe. Airlines have stopped or changed the flights across the Atlantic Ocean, leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports. Grirmsvom is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. What makes Grimsvom different is that it lies under a huge glacier（冰川） of ice up to 12 maters thick. The hot volcano heats up the ice above it, which then forms a layer（层）of water between the glacier and the volcano This layer of water puts pressure on the volcano, keeping it stable, As the water flows out from under the glacier, the pressure lifts. The lava（岩浆） from the volcano then comes up to the surface. This is exactly what happened today. Now, airlines have to make changes to their flights so as not to fly through the clouds of volcanic ash. According to KLM. one of Europe’s biggest airlines, airplanes cannot go under the cloud or over it. Going through the cloud can result in ash getting stuck in the airplane’s engines, causing damage to the plane. The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp. Glass-like rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them from eating ash- covered grass to the sharp object. 64. What makes Grimsvom different from other volcanoes? A. It is below ice. B. It lies under the sea C. It is the largest volcano D. It is lava affects the airlines 65. What keeps Grimsvotn still? A. The slow flow of water B. The low water temperature C. The thick glacier D. The water pressure 66. Which of the following is the result of the volcanic eruption? A. People stop traveling in Europe B. Airlines suffer from the loss of planes C. It becomes dangerous for animals to eat outside D. Farmers have lost many of their animals 67. This text is most probably taken from_ A. a research paper

B. a newspaper report C. a class presentation D. a geography textbook. 答案 64.A 65.D 66.C 67.B Passage 18 (09·全国ⅡC 篇) GUATEMALA CITY （Reuters） – A fish that lives in mangrove swamps（红树沼泽） across the Americas can live out of water for months at a time, similar to how animals adapted（适应）to land millions of years ago, a new study shows. The Magrove Rivulus, a type of small killifish, lives in small pools of water in a certain type of empty nut or even old beer cans in the mangrove swamps of Belize, the United States and Brazil. When their living place dries up, they live on the land in logs（圆木） ，said Scott Taylor, a researcher at the Brevard Endangered Lands Program in Florida. The fish, whose scientific name is Rivulus marmoratus, can grow as large as three inches. They group together in logs and breathe air through their skin until they can find water again. The new scientific discovery came after a trip to Belize. “We kicked over a log and the fish just came crowding out,” Taylor told Reuters in neighboring Guatgemala by telephone. He said he will make his study on the fish known to the public in an American magazine early next year. In lab tests, Taylor said he found the fish can live up to 66 days out of water without eating. Some other fish can live out of water for a short period of time. The walking catfish found in Southeast Asia can stay on land for hours at time, while lungfish found in Australia, Africa and South America can live out of water, but only in an inactive state. But no other known fish can be out of water as long as the Mangrove Rivulus and remain active, according to Patricia Wright, a biologist at Canada’s University of Guelph. Further studies of the fish may tell how animals changed over time. “These animals live in conditions similar to those that existed millions of years ago, when animals began making the transition（过渡）from water onto land,” Wright said. 49. The Mangrove Rivulus is a type of fish that _______. A. likes eating nuts B. prefers living in dry places C. is the longest living fish on earth D. can stay alive for two months out of water 50. Who will write up a report on Mangrove Rivulus? A. Patricia Wright B. Researchers in Guatemala C. Scientists from Belize D. Scott Taylor 51. According to the text, lungfish can________ A. breathe through its skin

B. move freely on dry land C. remain alive out of water D. be as active on land as in water 52. What can we say about the discovery of Mangrove Rivulus? A. It was made quite by accident B. It was based on a lab test of sea life C. It was supported by an American magazine D. It was helped by Patricia Wright 答案 49.D 50.D 51.C 52.A 2010 年高考题 Passage 1 (10·安徽 B 篇) Have you ever wondered? 1. Why do airplanes take longer to fly west than east? It can take five hours to go west-east from New York(NY) to London bur seven hours to travel east-west from London to NY. The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷