The society and the information 31 : Information crosses the border 5

Following the last article, I investigate the cause of having led the collapse of the Berlin Wall.

This was a information that apprised people about their being supported by many people, and it scattered seeds of hope on the their heart.

前回に続いて、ベルリンの壁崩壊を導いた要因を探ります。

それは人々の心に希望の種を撒き、皆に支えられていることを知らしめた情報でした。

＜ 2. Berlin Wall construction in 1961 ＞

＜ 3. John Paul II ＞

What gave people a supportive push?

“All the worker has a right of labor union formation, in order to protect a social right and human rights. “ Solidarity” is a precious mental inheritance in not only the Polish people but the world” (summary)

The pope from Poland, at the New Year’s greeting in 1981, blamed it strongly to Poland government for oppressing the people by the martial law.

Those days, Western countries also blamed the high-handed policy of East European country’s government.

Christianity was ardently believed by people in East Europe and East Germany.

And the church had taken sides with the people and came to strongly request a conversation to the government.

In East Germany too, from about 1982, a peaceful march was performed at the church in Leipzig every week.

And in first, the march that had begun at about 100 people became 200,000 people and spread in the whole country.

In September 1989, Hungary government permitted the departure to Austria East German citizens asking for exile.

Thereby, a lot of East German citizens flowed into West Germany through both countries.

At this time, the wall of East-West division came to make no sense.

In East Germany, although there had been a quiet movement asking for their freedom from long ago, the demonstrations expanded at a stretch.

In October, Gorbachev who had visited to the East Germany encouraged the democracy movement of the people, in disregard of embarrassment of the East Germany government.

The government collapsed and the Berlin Wall was destroyed by citizens on November 9.

最後の一撃は何だったのか？

８９年９月、ハンガリーは亡命を求める東ドイツ国民に、西欧のオーストリアへの出国を解禁した。

これにより、大量の東ドイツ国民は両国を経由して、西ドイツに流れ込んだ。

この瞬間、東西分断の壁は意味を成さなくなった。

東ドイツでは、以前から自由と統一を求める静かな運動はあったが、一気にデモが拡大した。

１０月、来訪していたゴルバチョフは、東ドイツ政府の困惑をよそに、国民の民主化運動を激励した。

さしもの政府も瓦解し、１１月９日、壁は市民によって破壊された。

Summary

As crossing a border, the first-hand information that was transmitted by the exchange of economy or people taught the truth to the people, and also the support from abroad gave them courage.

In this way, the liberalization and the democratization that seemed to be impossibility became possible without bloodshed depending on the courage and the wise decision of many people aiming at the reform.