Subscribe and visit our web-page: http://www.us-television.tv/ !
The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning a time of early nomadic tribes to a Khan occupation, becoming a SovietState and later declaring independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in nineteen ninety-one – when PresidentNursultan Nazarbayev became leader of the nation and remains so today.
Kazakhstan is categorised as the world’s largest landlocked country by land area, and the ninth largest country in the world. Bordering China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, it is a bridge between Europe to Asia and amasses an area almost four times that of Texas. It is home to an estimated seventeen million people and the official languages are Kazakh and Russian.
Kazakhstan’s economy is the largest of all the Central Asian states, most likely due to its extensive natural resources. Its goal is to join the top thirty most developed countries in the world by twenty fifty, and pursue a period of modernisation and rejuvenation.

Subscribe to Erasure on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/ErasureVEVO.
'Always - The Very Best Of Erasure' is a brand new compilation celebrating 30 years of the band, which brings the story bang up to date.
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published:25 Sep 2014

views:1674101

Turkey continues to invest in the country’s infrastructure with projects that touches citizens daily lives. The Eurasia tunnel that connects the European and Asian sides of Istanbul under the sea opened with the participation of President Erdogan. Mobin Nasser takes a look at how the new tunnel will ease the traffic in Istanbul where commuters spend an average of 100 hours in traffic each year.
Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7fWeaHhqgM4Ry-RMpM2YYw?sub_confirmation=1
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Eurasia Mining plc (LON:EUA) Managing DirectorChristian Schaffalitzky tells Proactive Investors that he can meet the terms of a new refining contract for its West Kytlim alluvial platinum project, producing 80 to 100 tonnes of platinum as the first phase of development. “It is not very difficult, we have been working for the last six weeks on setting up the mine and we should start production in the next few weeks, by mid-August” he says.
Schaffalitzky says that mine will eventually be a ten year project and that Eurasia is working with a local civil engineering group who will provide all the equipment and invest the development capital. “They do it at their cost, and Eurasia in return receives 30% of the revenue and the contractor receives 70%. Our job is to monitor the mining, make sure the reserves are mined correctly and to reconcile the production against the actual platinum produced” he says.

Eurasia Tunnel

The Eurasia Tunnel (Turkish:Avrasya Tüp Tüneli) is a road tunnel under construction in Istanbul, Turkey, crossing the Bosphorus strait undersea. The project's completion is expected by October 2016.

The 5.4km (3.4mi)double-deck tunnel will connect Kazlıçeşme on the European and Göztepe on the Asian part of Istanbul on a 14.6km (9.1mi) route. It will cross the Bosphorus beneath the seabed, with the aim to alleviate Istanbul’s traffic pressure. It is at about 1km (0.62mi) south of the undersea railway tunnel Marmaray, which was opened on 29 October 2013. With this new route, the journey time between Kazlicesme and Göztepe will be shortened from 100 minutes to 15 minutes.

Background

The conceptual background of Eurasia Tunnel reaches back to the findings of the Transportation Master Plan undertaken by Istanbul University on behalf of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality in 1997. Based on this plan, a pre-feasibility study had been conducted in 2003 for a new Bosphorus crossing. According to the results of this study, a road tunnel was recommended as the solution that offers the highest feasibility.

Eurasia covers around 55,000,000 square kilometres (21,000,000sqmi), or around 36.2% of the Earth's total land area. The landmass contains around 5.0 billion people, equating to approximately 70% of the human population. Humans first settled in Eurasia between 60,000 and 125,000 years ago. Some island countries, including the United Kingdom, Ireland, Japan, and Indonesia, are included under the popular definition of Eurasia, in spite of being separate from the massive landmass.

Safety

Safety is the state of being "safe" (from Frenchsauf), the condition of being protected against physical, social, spiritual, financial, political, emotional, occupational, psychological, educational, or other types or consequences of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm, or any other event that could be considered non-desirable. Safety can also be defined to be the control of recognized hazards to achieve an acceptable level of risk. This can take the form of being protected from the event or from exposure to something that causes health or economical losses. It can include protection of people or of possessions.

Meanings

There are two slightly different meanings of safety. For example, home safety may indicate a building's ability to protect against external harm events (such as weather, home invasion, etc.), or may indicate that its internal installations (such as appliances, stairs, etc.) are safe (not dangerous or harmful) for its inhabitants.

Discussions of safety often include mention of related terms. Security is such a term. With time the definitions between these two have often become interchanged, equated, and frequently appear juxtaposed in the same sentence. Readers unfortunately are left to conclude whether they comprise a redundancy. This confuses the uniqueness that should be reserved for each by itself. When seen as unique, as we intend here, each term will assume its rightful place in influencing and being influenced by the other.

Tunnel

A tunnel is an underground or underwater passageway, dug through the surrounding soil/earth/rock and enclosed except for entrance and exit, commonly at each end. A pipeline is not a tunnel, though some recent tunnels have used immersed tube construction techniques rather than traditional tunnel boring methods.

A tunnel may be for foot or vehicular road traffic, for rail traffic, or for a canal. The central portions of a rapid transit network are usually in tunnel. Some tunnels are aqueducts to supply water for consumption or for hydroelectric stations or are sewers. Utility tunnels are used for routing steam, chilled water, electrical power or telecommunication cables, as well as connecting buildings for convenient passage of people and equipment.

Sukhoi Superjet 100

The Sukhoi Superjet 100, (Russian:Сухой Суперджет 100) is a modern fly-by-wiretwin-engineregional jet with 8 (VIP) to 108 (all Y) passenger seats. With development initiated in 2000, the airliner was designed and spearheaded by Sukhoi, a division of the Russian civil aerospace company (UAC), in co-operation with several foreign partners. Its maiden flight was conducted on 19 May 2008. On 21 April 2011, the Superjet 100 undertook its first commercial passenger flight, on the Armavia route from Yerevan to Moscow.

Designed to compete internationally with its An-158, Embraer and Bombardier counterparts, the Superjet 100 claims substantially lower operating costs, at a lower purchase price of $35 million.

US Television - Kazakhstan - The Heart Of Eurasia

Subscribe and visit our web-page: http://www.us-television.tv/ !
The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning a time of early nomadic tribes to a Khan occupation, becoming a SovietState and later declaring independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in nineteen ninety-one – when PresidentNursultan Nazarbayev became leader of the nation and remains so today.
Kazakhstan is categorised as the world’s largest landlocked country by land area, and the ninth largest country in the world. Bordering China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, it is a bridge between Europe to Asia and amasses an area almost four times that of Texas. It is home to an estimated seventeen million people and the official languages are Kazakh and Russian.
Kazakhstan’s economy is the largest of all the Central Asian states, most likely due to its extensive natural resources. Its goal is to join the top thirty most developed countries in the world by twenty fifty, and pursue a period of modernisation and rejuvenation.

Turkey continues to invest in the country’s infrastructure with projects that touches citizens daily lives. The Eurasia tunnel that connects the European and Asian sides of Istanbul under the sea opened with the participation of President Erdogan. Mobin Nasser takes a look at how the new tunnel will ease the traffic in Istanbul where commuters spend an average of 100 hours in traffic each year.
Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7fWeaHhqgM4Ry-RMpM2YYw?sub_confirmation=1
Livestream: http://www.youtube.com/c/trtworld/live
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TRTWorld
Twitter: https://twitter.com/TRTWorld
Visit our website: http://www.trtworld.com/

Eurasia Mining looking forward to producing first platinum within weeks

Eurasia Mining looking forward to producing first platinum within weeks

Eurasia Mining looking forward to producing first platinum within weeks

Eurasia Mining plc (LON:EUA) Managing DirectorChristian Schaffalitzky tells Proactive Investors that he can meet the terms of a new refining contract for its West Kytlim alluvial platinum project, producing 80 to 100 tonnes of platinum as the first phase of development. “It is not very difficult, we have been working for the last six weeks on setting up the mine and we should start production in the next few weeks, by mid-August” he says.
Schaffalitzky says that mine will eventually be a ten year project and that Eurasia is working with a local civil engineering group who will provide all the equipment and invest the development capital. “They do it at their cost, and Eurasia in return receives 30% of the revenue and the contractor receives 70%. Our job is to monitor the mining, make sure the reserves are mined correctly and to reconcile the production against the actual platinum produced” he says.

Eurasia Tunnel - Istanbul

Eurasia Tunnelhttp://www.alaturkaonline.com/
The Marmaray's sister, the Eurasia Tunnel, a mega project that allows automobiles transit access between the Asian and European sides of Istanbul under the Bosporus strait and will ease Istanbul's notorious heavy traffic.
The tunnel, expected to provide a practical solution to Istanbul's traffic problem, will cut down the travel time between the two sides of Istanbul to just 15 minutes.
The EurasiaTunnel, which will significantly reduce the travel time between Istanbul's Kazlıçeşme on the European side and Göztepe on the Asian side, was planned in connection with the three existing bridges crossing the Bosporus strait.
The two-story tunnel, which is 14.5 kilometer long, including a 5.4-kilometer section under the Bosporus, has been constructed for rubber-wheeled vehicles only.
It will also reduce the travel time from 100 minutes to 15 minutes on a route with heavy traffic. While the traffic flow will become smoother thanks to the expansion and regulation of connection roads at the entrance and exit points of the tunnel, the tunnel will also help reduce environmental pollution and noise. As the project will be the shortest route between Kazlıçeşme and Göztepe, it will reduce fuel costs, as well as the amount of harmful gas released into the air and the maintenance costs of vehicles.
The construction on the tunnel began in 2011 and has cost an estimated $1.25 billion. Built 106 meters under the Bosporus, the tunnel is expected to be used by 100,000 vehicles per day. Instead of the Free Toll CollectionSystem used on the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, the Eurasia Tunnel features counters between each lane, similar to that of the July 15 Martyrs Bridge.
To avoid traffic jams, tolls will be collected via automatic systems and there will be no options for cash payments. There are no exclusive lanes for Electronic Toll Collection System (OGS) and Fast Toll Collection System users. Drivers can use all lanes regardless of the system they are using. The tolls will be $4 plus VAT for automobiles and $6 plus VAT for minibuses in one direction in the first year.

Eurasia Tunnel Presentation Movie

3:28

80s music video spoof - Eurasia

80s music video spoof - Eurasia

80s music video spoof - Eurasia

1982's favorite band was Eurasia. This is their only song, the No. 2 smash hit, "Heart of the Night."
HEART OF THE NIGHT
The last shot for love/
The final fight/
The pain and confusion/
Losing ground- in the night/
The final farewell/
The mountain is high/
The race to infinity/
The eagle in flight/
CHORUS:
In the heart of the night/
Staring in the tiger's eyes/
Broken hearts in troubled times/
...... Lies!/
In the heart of the night/
Chorus X2

7:47

Transforming Maternal and Newborn Health in Eastern Europe and Eurasia

Transforming Maternal and Newborn Health in Eastern Europe and Eurasia

Transforming Maternal and Newborn Health in Eastern Europe and Eurasia

USAID's assistance in Eastern Europe and Eurasia contributed to significant improvements in maternal and newborn health over the last twenty years. Programs targeted gaps in quality of care, introducing evidence-based and client-centered approaches and reducing harmful practices to promote healthier pregnancies and safer deliveries. Between 1990 and 2010, both maternal mortality and infant mortality declined dramatically across the region. High-quality maternal and newborn health services introduced by USAID will allow countries in Eastern Europe and Eurasia to sustain and continue these important achievements long into the future.

48:27

The Channel Tunnel Documentary History

The Channel Tunnel Documentary History

The Channel Tunnel Documentary History

The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche; also nicknamed and shortened to Chunnel)[2][3] is a 50.5-kilometre (31.4 mi) rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. At its lowest point, it is 75 m (250 ft) deep.[4][5][6] At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world, although the Seikan Tunnel in Japan is both longer overall at 53.85 kilometres (33.46 mi) and deeper at 240 metres (790 ft) below sea level. The speed limit in the tunnel is 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph).[7]
The tunnel carries high-speed Eurostar passenger trains, the Eurotunnel Shuttle for road vehicles—the largest such transport in the world[8]—and international freight trains.[9] The tunnel connects end-to-end with the LGVNord and High Speed 1 high-speed railway lines.
Ideas for a cross-Channel fixed link appeared as early as 1802,[10][11] but British political and press pressure over the compromising of national security stalled attempts to construct a tunnel.[12] An early attempt at building a Channel Tunnel was made in the late 19th century, on the English side "in the hope of forcing the hand of the English Government".[13] The eventual successful project, organised by Eurotunnel, began construction in 1988 and opened in 1994. At £4.65 billion, the project came in 80% over its predicted budget.[14] Since its construction, the tunnel has faced several problems. Both fires and cold weather have disrupted its operation.[15][16] Illegal immigrants have attempted to use the tunnel to enter the UK,[17] causing a minor diplomatic disagreement over the siting of the refugee camp at Sangatte, which was eventually closed in 2002.

US Television - Kazakhstan - The Heart Of Eurasia

Subscribe and visit our web-page: http://www.us-television.tv/ !
The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning a time of early nomadic tribes to a Khan occupation, becoming a SovietState and later declaring independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in nineteen ninety-one – when PresidentNursultan Nazarbayev became leader of the nation and remains so today.
Kazakhstan is categorised as the world’s largest landlocked country by land area, and the ninth largest country in the world. Bordering China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, it is a bridge between Europe to Asia and amasses an area almost four times that of Texas. It is home to an estimated seventeen million people and the official languages are Kazakh...

Turkey continues to invest in the country’s infrastructure with projects that touches citizens daily lives. The Eurasia tunnel that connects the European and Asian sides of Istanbul under the sea opened with the participation of President Erdogan. Mobin Nasser takes a look at how the new tunnel will ease the traffic in Istanbul where commuters spend an average of 100 hours in traffic each year.
Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7fWeaHhqgM4Ry-RMpM2YYw?sub_confirmation=1
Livestream: http://www.youtube.com/c/trtworld/live
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TRTWorld
Twitter: https://twitter.com/TRTWorld
Visit our website: http://www.trtworld.com/

Eurasia Mining looking forward to producing first platinum within weeks

Eurasia Mining plc (LON:EUA) Managing DirectorChristian Schaffalitzky tells Proactive Investors that he can meet the terms of a new refining contract for its West Kytlim alluvial platinum project, producing 80 to 100 tonnes of platinum as the first phase of development. “It is not very difficult, we have been working for the last six weeks on setting up the mine and we should start production in the next few weeks, by mid-August” he says.
Schaffalitzky says that mine will eventually be a ten year project and that Eurasia is working with a local civil engineering group who will provide all the equipment and invest the development capital. “They do it at their cost, and Eurasia in return receives 30% of the revenue and the contractor receives 70%. Our job is to monitor the mining, make su...

Eurasia Tunnel - Istanbul

Eurasia Tunnelhttp://www.alaturkaonline.com/
The Marmaray's sister, the Eurasia Tunnel, a mega project that allows automobiles transit access between the Asian and European sides of Istanbul under the Bosporus strait and will ease Istanbul's notorious heavy traffic.
The tunnel, expected to provide a practical solution to Istanbul's traffic problem, will cut down the travel time between the two sides of Istanbul to just 15 minutes.
The EurasiaTunnel, which will significantly reduce the travel time between Istanbul's Kazlıçeşme on the European side and Göztepe on the Asian side, was planned in connection with the three existing bridges crossing the Bosporus strait.
The two-story tunnel, which is 14.5 kilometer long, including a 5.4-kilometer section under the Bosporus, has been constr...

Eurasia Tunnel Presentation Movie

published: 10 Jun 2016

80s music video spoof - Eurasia

1982's favorite band was Eurasia. This is their only song, the No. 2 smash hit, "Heart of the Night."
HEART OF THE NIGHT
The last shot for love/
The final fight/
The pain and confusion/
Losing ground- in the night/
The final farewell/
The mountain is high/
The race to infinity/
The eagle in flight/
CHORUS:
In the heart of the night/
Staring in the tiger's eyes/
Broken hearts in troubled times/
...... Lies!/
In the heart of the night/
Chorus X2

published: 25 Dec 2007

Transforming Maternal and Newborn Health in Eastern Europe and Eurasia

USAID's assistance in Eastern Europe and Eurasia contributed to significant improvements in maternal and newborn health over the last twenty years. Programs targeted gaps in quality of care, introducing evidence-based and client-centered approaches and reducing harmful practices to promote healthier pregnancies and safer deliveries. Between 1990 and 2010, both maternal mortality and infant mortality declined dramatically across the region. High-quality maternal and newborn health services introduced by USAID will allow countries in Eastern Europe and Eurasia to sustain and continue these important achievements long into the future.

US Television - Kazakhstan - The Heart Of Eurasia

Subscribe and visit our web-page: http://www.us-television.tv/ !
The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning ...

Subscribe and visit our web-page: http://www.us-television.tv/ !
The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning a time of early nomadic tribes to a Khan occupation, becoming a SovietState and later declaring independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in nineteen ninety-one – when PresidentNursultan Nazarbayev became leader of the nation and remains so today.
Kazakhstan is categorised as the world’s largest landlocked country by land area, and the ninth largest country in the world. Bordering China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, it is a bridge between Europe to Asia and amasses an area almost four times that of Texas. It is home to an estimated seventeen million people and the official languages are Kazakh and Russian.
Kazakhstan’s economy is the largest of all the Central Asian states, most likely due to its extensive natural resources. Its goal is to join the top thirty most developed countries in the world by twenty fifty, and pursue a period of modernisation and rejuvenation.

Subscribe and visit our web-page: http://www.us-television.tv/ !
The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning a time of early nomadic tribes to a Khan occupation, becoming a SovietState and later declaring independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in nineteen ninety-one – when PresidentNursultan Nazarbayev became leader of the nation and remains so today.
Kazakhstan is categorised as the world’s largest landlocked country by land area, and the ninth largest country in the world. Bordering China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, it is a bridge between Europe to Asia and amasses an area almost four times that of Texas. It is home to an estimated seventeen million people and the official languages are Kazakh and Russian.
Kazakhstan’s economy is the largest of all the Central Asian states, most likely due to its extensive natural resources. Its goal is to join the top thirty most developed countries in the world by twenty fifty, and pursue a period of modernisation and rejuvenation.

Turkey continues to invest in the country’s infrastructure with projects that touches citizens daily lives. The Eurasia tunnel that connects the European and As...

Turkey continues to invest in the country’s infrastructure with projects that touches citizens daily lives. The Eurasia tunnel that connects the European and Asian sides of Istanbul under the sea opened with the participation of President Erdogan. Mobin Nasser takes a look at how the new tunnel will ease the traffic in Istanbul where commuters spend an average of 100 hours in traffic each year.
Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7fWeaHhqgM4Ry-RMpM2YYw?sub_confirmation=1
Livestream: http://www.youtube.com/c/trtworld/live
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TRTWorld
Twitter: https://twitter.com/TRTWorld
Visit our website: http://www.trtworld.com/

Turkey continues to invest in the country’s infrastructure with projects that touches citizens daily lives. The Eurasia tunnel that connects the European and Asian sides of Istanbul under the sea opened with the participation of President Erdogan. Mobin Nasser takes a look at how the new tunnel will ease the traffic in Istanbul where commuters spend an average of 100 hours in traffic each year.
Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7fWeaHhqgM4Ry-RMpM2YYw?sub_confirmation=1
Livestream: http://www.youtube.com/c/trtworld/live
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TRTWorld
Twitter: https://twitter.com/TRTWorld
Visit our website: http://www.trtworld.com/

Eurasia Mining plc (LON:EUA) Managing DirectorChristian Schaffalitzky tells Proactive Investors that he can meet the terms of a new refining contract for its West Kytlim alluvial platinum project, producing 80 to 100 tonnes of platinum as the first phase of development. “It is not very difficult, we have been working for the last six weeks on setting up the mine and we should start production in the next few weeks, by mid-August” he says.
Schaffalitzky says that mine will eventually be a ten year project and that Eurasia is working with a local civil engineering group who will provide all the equipment and invest the development capital. “They do it at their cost, and Eurasia in return receives 30% of the revenue and the contractor receives 70%. Our job is to monitor the mining, make sure the reserves are mined correctly and to reconcile the production against the actual platinum produced” he says.

Eurasia Mining plc (LON:EUA) Managing DirectorChristian Schaffalitzky tells Proactive Investors that he can meet the terms of a new refining contract for its West Kytlim alluvial platinum project, producing 80 to 100 tonnes of platinum as the first phase of development. “It is not very difficult, we have been working for the last six weeks on setting up the mine and we should start production in the next few weeks, by mid-August” he says.
Schaffalitzky says that mine will eventually be a ten year project and that Eurasia is working with a local civil engineering group who will provide all the equipment and invest the development capital. “They do it at their cost, and Eurasia in return receives 30% of the revenue and the contractor receives 70%. Our job is to monitor the mining, make sure the reserves are mined correctly and to reconcile the production against the actual platinum produced” he says.

Eurasia Tunnel - Istanbul

Eurasia Tunnelhttp://www.alaturkaonline.com/
The Marmaray's sister, the Eurasia Tunnel, a mega project that allows automobiles transit access between the Asi...

Eurasia Tunnelhttp://www.alaturkaonline.com/
The Marmaray's sister, the Eurasia Tunnel, a mega project that allows automobiles transit access between the Asian and European sides of Istanbul under the Bosporus strait and will ease Istanbul's notorious heavy traffic.
The tunnel, expected to provide a practical solution to Istanbul's traffic problem, will cut down the travel time between the two sides of Istanbul to just 15 minutes.
The EurasiaTunnel, which will significantly reduce the travel time between Istanbul's Kazlıçeşme on the European side and Göztepe on the Asian side, was planned in connection with the three existing bridges crossing the Bosporus strait.
The two-story tunnel, which is 14.5 kilometer long, including a 5.4-kilometer section under the Bosporus, has been constructed for rubber-wheeled vehicles only.
It will also reduce the travel time from 100 minutes to 15 minutes on a route with heavy traffic. While the traffic flow will become smoother thanks to the expansion and regulation of connection roads at the entrance and exit points of the tunnel, the tunnel will also help reduce environmental pollution and noise. As the project will be the shortest route between Kazlıçeşme and Göztepe, it will reduce fuel costs, as well as the amount of harmful gas released into the air and the maintenance costs of vehicles.
The construction on the tunnel began in 2011 and has cost an estimated $1.25 billion. Built 106 meters under the Bosporus, the tunnel is expected to be used by 100,000 vehicles per day. Instead of the Free Toll CollectionSystem used on the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, the Eurasia Tunnel features counters between each lane, similar to that of the July 15 Martyrs Bridge.
To avoid traffic jams, tolls will be collected via automatic systems and there will be no options for cash payments. There are no exclusive lanes for Electronic Toll Collection System (OGS) and Fast Toll Collection System users. Drivers can use all lanes regardless of the system they are using. The tolls will be $4 plus VAT for automobiles and $6 plus VAT for minibuses in one direction in the first year.

Eurasia Tunnelhttp://www.alaturkaonline.com/
The Marmaray's sister, the Eurasia Tunnel, a mega project that allows automobiles transit access between the Asian and European sides of Istanbul under the Bosporus strait and will ease Istanbul's notorious heavy traffic.
The tunnel, expected to provide a practical solution to Istanbul's traffic problem, will cut down the travel time between the two sides of Istanbul to just 15 minutes.
The EurasiaTunnel, which will significantly reduce the travel time between Istanbul's Kazlıçeşme on the European side and Göztepe on the Asian side, was planned in connection with the three existing bridges crossing the Bosporus strait.
The two-story tunnel, which is 14.5 kilometer long, including a 5.4-kilometer section under the Bosporus, has been constructed for rubber-wheeled vehicles only.
It will also reduce the travel time from 100 minutes to 15 minutes on a route with heavy traffic. While the traffic flow will become smoother thanks to the expansion and regulation of connection roads at the entrance and exit points of the tunnel, the tunnel will also help reduce environmental pollution and noise. As the project will be the shortest route between Kazlıçeşme and Göztepe, it will reduce fuel costs, as well as the amount of harmful gas released into the air and the maintenance costs of vehicles.
The construction on the tunnel began in 2011 and has cost an estimated $1.25 billion. Built 106 meters under the Bosporus, the tunnel is expected to be used by 100,000 vehicles per day. Instead of the Free Toll CollectionSystem used on the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, the Eurasia Tunnel features counters between each lane, similar to that of the July 15 Martyrs Bridge.
To avoid traffic jams, tolls will be collected via automatic systems and there will be no options for cash payments. There are no exclusive lanes for Electronic Toll Collection System (OGS) and Fast Toll Collection System users. Drivers can use all lanes regardless of the system they are using. The tolls will be $4 plus VAT for automobiles and $6 plus VAT for minibuses in one direction in the first year.

1982's favorite band was Eurasia. This is their only song, the No. 2 smash hit, "Heart of the Night."
HEART OF THE NIGHT
The last shot for love/
The final fight/
The pain and confusion/
Losing ground- in the night/
The final farewell/
The mountain is high/
The race to infinity/
The eagle in flight/
CHORUS:
In the heart of the night/
Staring in the tiger's eyes/
Broken hearts in troubled times/
...... Lies!/
In the heart of the night/
Chorus X2

1982's favorite band was Eurasia. This is their only song, the No. 2 smash hit, "Heart of the Night."
HEART OF THE NIGHT
The last shot for love/
The final fight/
The pain and confusion/
Losing ground- in the night/
The final farewell/
The mountain is high/
The race to infinity/
The eagle in flight/
CHORUS:
In the heart of the night/
Staring in the tiger's eyes/
Broken hearts in troubled times/
...... Lies!/
In the heart of the night/
Chorus X2

published:25 Dec 2007

views:14112

back

Transforming Maternal and Newborn Health in Eastern Europe and Eurasia

USAID's assistance in Eastern Europe and Eurasia contributed to significant improvements in maternal and newborn health over the last twenty years. Programs ta...

USAID's assistance in Eastern Europe and Eurasia contributed to significant improvements in maternal and newborn health over the last twenty years. Programs targeted gaps in quality of care, introducing evidence-based and client-centered approaches and reducing harmful practices to promote healthier pregnancies and safer deliveries. Between 1990 and 2010, both maternal mortality and infant mortality declined dramatically across the region. High-quality maternal and newborn health services introduced by USAID will allow countries in Eastern Europe and Eurasia to sustain and continue these important achievements long into the future.

USAID's assistance in Eastern Europe and Eurasia contributed to significant improvements in maternal and newborn health over the last twenty years. Programs targeted gaps in quality of care, introducing evidence-based and client-centered approaches and reducing harmful practices to promote healthier pregnancies and safer deliveries. Between 1990 and 2010, both maternal mortality and infant mortality declined dramatically across the region. High-quality maternal and newborn health services introduced by USAID will allow countries in Eastern Europe and Eurasia to sustain and continue these important achievements long into the future.

The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche; also nicknamed and shortened to Chunnel)[2][3] is a 50.5-kilometre (31.4 mi) rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. At its lowest point, it is 75 m (250 ft) deep.[4][5][6] At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world, although the Seikan Tunnel in Japan is both longer overall at 53.85 kilometres (33.46 mi) and deeper at 240 metres (790 ft) below sea level. The speed limit in the tunnel is 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph).[7]
The tunnel carries high-speed Eurostar passenger trains, the Eurotunnel Shuttle for road vehicles—the largest such transport in the world[8]—and international freight trains.[9] The tunnel connects end-to-end with the LGVNord and High Speed 1 high-speed railway lines.
Ideas for a cross-Channel fixed link appeared as early as 1802,[10][11] but British political and press pressure over the compromising of national security stalled attempts to construct a tunnel.[12] An early attempt at building a Channel Tunnel was made in the late 19th century, on the English side "in the hope of forcing the hand of the English Government".[13] The eventual successful project, organised by Eurotunnel, began construction in 1988 and opened in 1994. At £4.65 billion, the project came in 80% over its predicted budget.[14] Since its construction, the tunnel has faced several problems. Both fires and cold weather have disrupted its operation.[15][16] Illegal immigrants have attempted to use the tunnel to enter the UK,[17] causing a minor diplomatic disagreement over the siting of the refugee camp at Sangatte, which was eventually closed in 2002.

The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche; also nicknamed and shortened to Chunnel)[2][3] is a 50.5-kilometre (31.4 mi) rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. At its lowest point, it is 75 m (250 ft) deep.[4][5][6] At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world, although the Seikan Tunnel in Japan is both longer overall at 53.85 kilometres (33.46 mi) and deeper at 240 metres (790 ft) below sea level. The speed limit in the tunnel is 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph).[7]
The tunnel carries high-speed Eurostar passenger trains, the Eurotunnel Shuttle for road vehicles—the largest such transport in the world[8]—and international freight trains.[9] The tunnel connects end-to-end with the LGVNord and High Speed 1 high-speed railway lines.
Ideas for a cross-Channel fixed link appeared as early as 1802,[10][11] but British political and press pressure over the compromising of national security stalled attempts to construct a tunnel.[12] An early attempt at building a Channel Tunnel was made in the late 19th century, on the English side "in the hope of forcing the hand of the English Government".[13] The eventual successful project, organised by Eurotunnel, began construction in 1988 and opened in 1994. At £4.65 billion, the project came in 80% over its predicted budget.[14] Since its construction, the tunnel has faced several problems. Both fires and cold weather have disrupted its operation.[15][16] Illegal immigrants have attempted to use the tunnel to enter the UK,[17] causing a minor diplomatic disagreement over the siting of the refugee camp at Sangatte, which was eventually closed in 2002.

Historic tunnel set to ease travel chaos for Istanbul commuters

Hailed alongside Ataturk as heroes to their supporters, today's Turkish leaders were central to...
euronews, the most watched news channel in Europe
Subscribe for your daily dose of international news, curated and explained:http://eurone.ws/10ZCK4a
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http://www.euronews.com/2013/10/29/historic-tunnel-set-to-ease-travel-chaos-for-istanbul
Hailed alongside Ataturk as heroes to their supporters, today's Turkish leaders were central to celebrations at the opening of Marmaray, the world's first trans-continental tunnel.
For commuters in Istanbul, one of the world's most congested cities, what really matters is the difference the rail tunnel will make to their daily lives.
"I have lived here for the past 27 years," said one ...

published: 29 Oct 2013

Istanbul is my dream

Istanbul – A Transcontinental City in Eurasia

Istanbul historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in #Eurasia, straddling the Bosporus strait between the Sea of #Marmara and the #BlackSea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, both hosting a population of around 14.7 million residents. #Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as the world's 7th-largest city proper and the largest European city.
Founded under the name of #Byzantion on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of ...

published: 11 Sep 2017

exploring lt2 ocean floor + river tunnel [2015]

China building high-speed rail Beijing to the United States.

If you like to Donate https://www.paypal.me/realthingtv
China 'considering' building high-speed rail line from Beijing to the United States.
Entire trip would take two days and run through Siberia.
China is considering plans to build a high-speed railway line to the US, the country's official media has reported.
The proposed line would begin in north-east China and run up through Siberia, pass through a tunnel underneath the Pacific Ocean then cut through Alaska and Canada to reach the continental US, according to a report in the state-run Beijing Times newspaper.
Crossing the Bering Strait in between Russia and Alaska would require about 200km (125 miles) of undersea tunnel, the paper said, citing Wang Mengshu, a railway expert at the ChineseAcademy of ...

published: 09 May 2014

Istanbul: The Bosphorus Tour & Club Crawl in Taksim Square!

Our first full day in Turkey, in one of the most beautiful cities in the world, ISTANBUL. Follow me as we explore the Bosphorus Strait, see the attractions along the water, and enjoy a club crawl in famous Taksim Square!
Comments and Suggestions? Leave them down below for me!
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published: 19 Oct 2017

Turkey opens world's biggest suspension bridge in Istanbul

Turkey has opened the world's biggest suspension bridge in Istanbul.
It took three years to build and cost some 3 billion euros, and marks the latest mega project which President Erdogan hopes will boost economic growth and seal his place in history. He told crowds 'People die, but their work remains immortal'.
The third bridge to span the Bosphorus, it will carry eight lanes of traffic and two railway lines. It aims to alleviate congestion on the other two bridges, and help develop the northe…
READ MORE : http://www.euronews.com/2016/08/26/turkey-opens-world-s-biggest-suspension-bridge-in-istanbul
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published: 26 Aug 2016

Istanbul rail tunnel links Europe and Asian - economy

East meets West as Turkey connects the European and Asian part of Istanbul with a rail tunnel under...
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http://www.euronews.com/2013/10/28/istanbul-rail-tunnel-links-europe-and-asian
East meets West as Turkey connects the European and Asian part of Istanbul with a rail tunnel under the Bosphorus Strait, the busy shipping channel linking the Marmara and Black Seas
More than 14 million people and currently just two bridges in Turkey's largest city mean chronic traffic congestion.
The earthquake-proofed twin tunnels are intended to partly address that problem.
Build by a ...

The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche; also nicknamed and shortened to Chunnel)[2][3] is a 50.5-kilometre (31.4 mi) rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. At its lowest point, it is 75 m (250 ft) deep.[4][5][6] At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world, although the Seikan Tunnel in Japan is both longer overall at 53.85 kilometres (33.46 mi) and deeper at 240 metres (790 ft) below sea level. The speed limit in the tunnel is 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph).[7]
The tunnel carries high-speed Eurostar passenger trains, the Eurotunnel Shuttle for road vehicles—the largest such transport in the world[8]—and international freight trains.[9] The tunnel connects end-to-end with the LGVNord and High Speed 1 high-speed railway lines.
Ideas for a cross-Channel fixed link appeared as early as 1802,[10][11] but British political and press pressure over the compromising of national security stalled attempts to construct a tunnel.[12] An early attempt at building a Channel Tunnel was made in the late 19th century, on the English side "in the hope of forcing the hand of the English Government".[13] The eventual successful project, organised by Eurotunnel, began construction in 1988 and opened in 1994. At £4.65 billion, the project came in 80% over its predicted budget.[14] Since its construction, the tunnel has faced several problems. Both fires and cold weather have disrupted its operation.[15][16] Illegal immigrants have attempted to use the tunnel to enter the UK,[17] causing a minor diplomatic disagreement over the siting of the refugee camp at Sangatte, which was eventually closed in 2002.

The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche; also nicknamed and shortened to Chunnel)[2][3] is a 50.5-kilometre (31.4 mi) rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. At its lowest point, it is 75 m (250 ft) deep.[4][5][6] At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world, although the Seikan Tunnel in Japan is both longer overall at 53.85 kilometres (33.46 mi) and deeper at 240 metres (790 ft) below sea level. The speed limit in the tunnel is 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph).[7]
The tunnel carries high-speed Eurostar passenger trains, the Eurotunnel Shuttle for road vehicles—the largest such transport in the world[8]—and international freight trains.[9] The tunnel connects end-to-end with the LGVNord and High Speed 1 high-speed railway lines.
Ideas for a cross-Channel fixed link appeared as early as 1802,[10][11] but British political and press pressure over the compromising of national security stalled attempts to construct a tunnel.[12] An early attempt at building a Channel Tunnel was made in the late 19th century, on the English side "in the hope of forcing the hand of the English Government".[13] The eventual successful project, organised by Eurotunnel, began construction in 1988 and opened in 1994. At £4.65 billion, the project came in 80% over its predicted budget.[14] Since its construction, the tunnel has faced several problems. Both fires and cold weather have disrupted its operation.[15][16] Illegal immigrants have attempted to use the tunnel to enter the UK,[17] causing a minor diplomatic disagreement over the siting of the refugee camp at Sangatte, which was eventually closed in 2002.

Originally published on October 29, 2013Turkey has opened the Marmaray tunnel, a 3-billion-euro underwater rail tunnel under the Bosphorus Strait that connects Europe and Asia, the two continents spanned by Turkey.
The opening of the tunnel coincides with the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Turkish Republic and was presided over by Turkish Prime MinisterRecep Tayyip Erdogan.
The tunnel is 13.6 km long and is buried 60 m beneath the seabed of the Bosphorus Strait, setting a world record for the deepest tunnel, according to Turkish government officials.
It is part of a 76 km underground railway project known as the Marmaray line. The tunnel allows access to both the Asian and European sides of the city via the metro system.
The railway tunnel took nine years to build. In the first phase of the project, steel-lined pre-cast concrete sections were laid and buried into a trench dug into the sea bed. Then 12.2 km of tunnel was bored into the nearby landmass to make a passage through the strait.
Around 40,000 objects, including a graveyard of Byzantine ships, were unearthed while digging the underwater trenches.
Japan's Bank for International Cooperation contributed 735 million euros to finance the project. Japanese Prime MinisterShinzo Abe was also present at the official opening of the tunnel.
The tunnel was first conceived of more than 150 years ago by Ottoman sultan Abdoul Medjid. Its construction finally began in 2004 under Erdogan, then the mayor of Istanbul.
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Originally published on October 29, 2013Turkey has opened the Marmaray tunnel, a 3-billion-euro underwater rail tunnel under the Bosphorus Strait that connects Europe and Asia, the two continents spanned by Turkey.
The opening of the tunnel coincides with the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Turkish Republic and was presided over by Turkish Prime MinisterRecep Tayyip Erdogan.
The tunnel is 13.6 km long and is buried 60 m beneath the seabed of the Bosphorus Strait, setting a world record for the deepest tunnel, according to Turkish government officials.
It is part of a 76 km underground railway project known as the Marmaray line. The tunnel allows access to both the Asian and European sides of the city via the metro system.
The railway tunnel took nine years to build. In the first phase of the project, steel-lined pre-cast concrete sections were laid and buried into a trench dug into the sea bed. Then 12.2 km of tunnel was bored into the nearby landmass to make a passage through the strait.
Around 40,000 objects, including a graveyard of Byzantine ships, were unearthed while digging the underwater trenches.
Japan's Bank for International Cooperation contributed 735 million euros to finance the project. Japanese Prime MinisterShinzo Abe was also present at the official opening of the tunnel.
The tunnel was first conceived of more than 150 years ago by Ottoman sultan Abdoul Medjid. Its construction finally began in 2004 under Erdogan, then the mayor of Istanbul.
--------------------------------------------------------
TomoNews is your daily source for top animated news. We've combined animation and video footage with a snarky personality to bring you the biggest and best stories from around the world.
For news that's fun and never boring, visit our channel:
https://www.youtube.com/user/TomoNewsUS
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Originally published on 07 April, 2015Sign up for a free trial of News Direct's animated news graphics at
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Driving from London to New York City would be possible if Russia succeeds in building a superhighway spanning across the country with links to western Europe and Asia.
Russian Railways head Vladimir Yakunin unveiled an ambitious plan for a super highway and railway link from the United Kingdom to the United States during a March meeting with the Russian Academy of Science.
If the plan, dubbed the Trans-Eurasian Belt Development, is realised, motorists will be able to drive from London to New York. Russia hopes the development will spur the economies of remote cities and towns.
The Trans-Siberian Railway is about 9,000 kilometres long. According to CNN, a road trip from London to New York would cover about 20,777 kilometers.
Yakunin said other infrastructure such as oil pipelines, power plants and water supply facilities will be built alongside the highway and high-speed railway.
The mega highway system will face a multitude of difficulties, one of them being the connection to Alaska across the Bering Strait. Either a long bridge or a undersea tunnel would be needed.
Money is likely to be another challenge. Russian Railways said the construction cost would amount to trillions of dollars.
----------------------------------------­----------------------------------------­----------------
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Originally published on 07 April, 2015Sign up for a free trial of News Direct's animated news graphics at
http://newsdirect.nma.com.tw/Reuters.aspx
----------------------------------------­----------------------------------------­----------------
For story suggestions please contact tips@nma.com.tw
Driving from London to New York City would be possible if Russia succeeds in building a superhighway spanning across the country with links to western Europe and Asia.
Russian Railways head Vladimir Yakunin unveiled an ambitious plan for a super highway and railway link from the United Kingdom to the United States during a March meeting with the Russian Academy of Science.
If the plan, dubbed the Trans-Eurasian Belt Development, is realised, motorists will be able to drive from London to New York. Russia hopes the development will spur the economies of remote cities and towns.
The Trans-Siberian Railway is about 9,000 kilometres long. According to CNN, a road trip from London to New York would cover about 20,777 kilometers.
Yakunin said other infrastructure such as oil pipelines, power plants and water supply facilities will be built alongside the highway and high-speed railway.
The mega highway system will face a multitude of difficulties, one of them being the connection to Alaska across the Bering Strait. Either a long bridge or a undersea tunnel would be needed.
Money is likely to be another challenge. Russian Railways said the construction cost would amount to trillions of dollars.
----------------------------------------­----------------------------------------­----------------
Next Media Animation’s News Direct service provides daily, high-quality, informative 3D animated news graphics that fill in for missing footage and help viewers understand breaking news stories or in-depth features on science, technology, and health.
To subscribe to News Direct or for more info, please visit:
http://newsdirect.nma.com.tw/Index.aspx

Hailed alongside Ataturk as heroes to their supporters, today's Turkish leaders were central to...
euronews, the most watched news channel in Europe
Subscribe for your daily dose of international news, curated and explained:http://eurone.ws/10ZCK4a
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http://www.euronews.com/2013/10/29/historic-tunnel-set-to-ease-travel-chaos-for-istanbul
Hailed alongside Ataturk as heroes to their supporters, today's Turkish leaders were central to celebrations at the opening of Marmaray, the world's first trans-continental tunnel.
For commuters in Istanbul, one of the world's most congested cities, what really matters is the difference the rail tunnel will make to their daily lives.
"I have lived here for the past 27 years," said one man at the festivities, which also marked the 90th anniversary of the founding of the modern Turkish Republic. "We have suffered from all the traffic jams, especially crossing the Bosphorus. Because of this, I am very happy now to see this tunnel opening. I also support the project for a third bridge. Roads are not enough."
"I expect traffic to be eased," another man added. "I am not going to cross to the other side with my car anymore."
"It is a very good service," a third man said. "It is being called the project of the century because it was the dream of our ancestors. It is good to have dreams but better when they come true."
Prior to the tunnel, passengers had no choice but to cross one of two road bridges or hop on a ferry. Now the journey should be quicker and less frustrating.
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Hailed alongside Ataturk as heroes to their supporters, today's Turkish leaders were central to...
euronews, the most watched news channel in Europe
Subscribe for your daily dose of international news, curated and explained:http://eurone.ws/10ZCK4a
Euronews is available in 13 other languages: http://eurone.ws/17moBCU
http://www.euronews.com/2013/10/29/historic-tunnel-set-to-ease-travel-chaos-for-istanbul
Hailed alongside Ataturk as heroes to their supporters, today's Turkish leaders were central to celebrations at the opening of Marmaray, the world's first trans-continental tunnel.
For commuters in Istanbul, one of the world's most congested cities, what really matters is the difference the rail tunnel will make to their daily lives.
"I have lived here for the past 27 years," said one man at the festivities, which also marked the 90th anniversary of the founding of the modern Turkish Republic. "We have suffered from all the traffic jams, especially crossing the Bosphorus. Because of this, I am very happy now to see this tunnel opening. I also support the project for a third bridge. Roads are not enough."
"I expect traffic to be eased," another man added. "I am not going to cross to the other side with my car anymore."
"It is a very good service," a third man said. "It is being called the project of the century because it was the dream of our ancestors. It is good to have dreams but better when they come true."
Prior to the tunnel, passengers had no choice but to cross one of two road bridges or hop on a ferry. Now the journey should be quicker and less frustrating.
Find us on:
Youtube http://bit.ly/zr3upY
Facebook http://www.facebook.com/euronews.fans
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Istanbul historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in #Eurasia, straddling the Bosporus strait between the Sea of #Marmara and the #BlackSea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, both hosting a population of around 14.7 million residents. #Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as the world's 7th-largest city proper and the largest European city.
Founded under the name of #Byzantion on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman, Byzantine (3301204 and 1261–1453), the Latin (1204–1261) and the Ottoman (1453–1922) empires. Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923.
The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s, as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them. Approximately 12.56 million foreign visitors arrived in Istanbul in 2015, five years after it was named a European Capital of Culture, making the city the world's fifth most popular tourist destination. The city's biggest attraction is its historic center, partially listed as a #UNESCO World Heritage Site, and it’s cultural and entertainment hub can be found across the city's natural harbor, the #GoldenHorn, in the Beyoğlu district.
Search Companion: Istanbul, Rick Steves Istanbul, Istanbul travel documentary, Flow Motion, Türkiye, istanbul tour, istanbul attractions, Istiklal Street, best Istanbul food, travel305, nearby greco-roman city, galata museum, Eminönü (Location), Rumelihisarı (Museum), Istanbul NightlifeGuide, Istanbul Nightlife, Places to go out in Taksim, Best Bars in Taksim, Kadikoy Nightlife, Tourist2Townie.com, istanbul turkey, best turkish food, A TranscontinentalCity in Eurasia, high definition, hd,
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Istanbul historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in #Eurasia, straddling the Bosporus strait between the Sea of #Marmara and the #BlackSea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, both hosting a population of around 14.7 million residents. #Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as the world's 7th-largest city proper and the largest European city.
Founded under the name of #Byzantion on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman, Byzantine (3301204 and 1261–1453), the Latin (1204–1261) and the Ottoman (1453–1922) empires. Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923.
The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s, as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them. Approximately 12.56 million foreign visitors arrived in Istanbul in 2015, five years after it was named a European Capital of Culture, making the city the world's fifth most popular tourist destination. The city's biggest attraction is its historic center, partially listed as a #UNESCO World Heritage Site, and it’s cultural and entertainment hub can be found across the city's natural harbor, the #GoldenHorn, in the Beyoğlu district.
Search Companion: Istanbul, Rick Steves Istanbul, Istanbul travel documentary, Flow Motion, Türkiye, istanbul tour, istanbul attractions, Istiklal Street, best Istanbul food, travel305, nearby greco-roman city, galata museum, Eminönü (Location), Rumelihisarı (Museum), Istanbul NightlifeGuide, Istanbul Nightlife, Places to go out in Taksim, Best Bars in Taksim, Kadikoy Nightlife, Tourist2Townie.com, istanbul turkey, best turkish food, A TranscontinentalCity in Eurasia, high definition, hd,
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China building high-speed rail Beijing to the United States.

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China 'considering' building high-speed rail line from Beijing to the Un...

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China 'considering' building high-speed rail line from Beijing to the United States.
Entire trip would take two days and run through Siberia.
China is considering plans to build a high-speed railway line to the US, the country's official media has reported.
The proposed line would begin in north-east China and run up through Siberia, pass through a tunnel underneath the Pacific Ocean then cut through Alaska and Canada to reach the continental US, according to a report in the state-run Beijing Times newspaper.
Crossing the Bering Strait in between Russia and Alaska would require about 200km (125 miles) of undersea tunnel, the paper said, citing Wang Mengshu, a railway expert at the Chinese Academy of Engineering.
"Right now we're already in discussions. Russia has already been thinking about this for many years," Wang said.
The project - nicknamed the "China-Russia plus America line" - would run for 13,000km, about 3,000km further than the Trans-Siberian Railway.
The entire trip would take two days, with the train travelling at an average of 350kmh (220mph).
The reported plans leave ample room for scepticism. No other Chinese railway experts have come out in support of the proposed project.
Whether the government has consulted Russia, the US or Canada is also unclear. The Bering Strait tunnel alone would require an unprecedented feat of engineering - it would be the world's longest undersea tunnel - four times the length of the Channel Tunnel which connects France and England.
According to the state-run China Daily, the tunnel technology is "already in place" and will be used to build a high-speed railway between the south-east province of Fujian and Taiwan.
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China 'considering' building high-speed rail line from Beijing to the United States.
Entire trip would take two days and run through Siberia.
China is considering plans to build a high-speed railway line to the US, the country's official media has reported.
The proposed line would begin in north-east China and run up through Siberia, pass through a tunnel underneath the Pacific Ocean then cut through Alaska and Canada to reach the continental US, according to a report in the state-run Beijing Times newspaper.
Crossing the Bering Strait in between Russia and Alaska would require about 200km (125 miles) of undersea tunnel, the paper said, citing Wang Mengshu, a railway expert at the Chinese Academy of Engineering.
"Right now we're already in discussions. Russia has already been thinking about this for many years," Wang said.
The project - nicknamed the "China-Russia plus America line" - would run for 13,000km, about 3,000km further than the Trans-Siberian Railway.
The entire trip would take two days, with the train travelling at an average of 350kmh (220mph).
The reported plans leave ample room for scepticism. No other Chinese railway experts have come out in support of the proposed project.
Whether the government has consulted Russia, the US or Canada is also unclear. The Bering Strait tunnel alone would require an unprecedented feat of engineering - it would be the world's longest undersea tunnel - four times the length of the Channel Tunnel which connects France and England.
According to the state-run China Daily, the tunnel technology is "already in place" and will be used to build a high-speed railway between the south-east province of Fujian and Taiwan.
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1N85MiTQ-N0gsI3XBCCYbw?sub_confirmation=1

Turkey opens world's biggest suspension bridge in Istanbul

Turkey has opened the world's biggest suspension bridge in Istanbul.
It took three years to build and cost some 3 billion euros, and marks the latest mega proj...

Turkey has opened the world's biggest suspension bridge in Istanbul.
It took three years to build and cost some 3 billion euros, and marks the latest mega project which President Erdogan hopes will boost economic growth and seal his place in history. He told crowds 'People die, but their work remains immortal'.
The third bridge to span the Bosphorus, it will carry eight lanes of traffic and two railway lines. It aims to alleviate congestion on the other two bridges, and help develop the northe…
READ MORE : http://www.euronews.com/2016/08/26/turkey-opens-world-s-biggest-suspension-bridge-in-istanbul
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Turkey has opened the world's biggest suspension bridge in Istanbul.
It took three years to build and cost some 3 billion euros, and marks the latest mega project which President Erdogan hopes will boost economic growth and seal his place in history. He told crowds 'People die, but their work remains immortal'.
The third bridge to span the Bosphorus, it will carry eight lanes of traffic and two railway lines. It aims to alleviate congestion on the other two bridges, and help develop the northe…
READ MORE : http://www.euronews.com/2016/08/26/turkey-opens-world-s-biggest-suspension-bridge-in-istanbul
What are the top stories today? Click to watch: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSyY1udCyYqBeDOz400FlseNGNqReKkFd
euronews: the most watched news channel in Europe
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East meets West as Turkey connects the European and Asian part of Istanbul with a rail tunnel under...
euronews, the most watched news channel in Europe
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http://www.euronews.com/2013/10/28/istanbul-rail-tunnel-links-europe-and-asian
East meets West as Turkey connects the European and Asian part of Istanbul with a rail tunnel under the Bosphorus Strait, the busy shipping channel linking the Marmara and Black Seas
More than 14 million people and currently just two bridges in Turkey's largest city mean chronic traffic congestion.
The earthquake-proofed twin tunnels are intended to partly address that problem.
Build by a Japanese-Turkish consortium they run for 13.6 kilometres of which 1.4 kilometres is under the Bosphorus itself.
The total cost was the equivalent of 3.3 billion euros and with trains running every two minutes at peak times it can carry 1.5 million people a day.
The shuttle service will connect with the wider Istanbul transportation network which is also being upgraded and extended.
It will be used by local passenger and freight services, with eventual plans for an international railway route between Europe and Asia.
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East meets West as Turkey connects the European and Asian part of Istanbul with a rail tunnel under...
euronews, the most watched news channel in Europe
Subscribe for your daily dose of international news, curated and explained:http://eurone.ws/10ZCK4a
Euronews is available in 13 other languages: http://eurone.ws/17moBCU
http://www.euronews.com/2013/10/28/istanbul-rail-tunnel-links-europe-and-asian
East meets West as Turkey connects the European and Asian part of Istanbul with a rail tunnel under the Bosphorus Strait, the busy shipping channel linking the Marmara and Black Seas
More than 14 million people and currently just two bridges in Turkey's largest city mean chronic traffic congestion.
The earthquake-proofed twin tunnels are intended to partly address that problem.
Build by a Japanese-Turkish consortium they run for 13.6 kilometres of which 1.4 kilometres is under the Bosphorus itself.
The total cost was the equivalent of 3.3 billion euros and with trains running every two minutes at peak times it can carry 1.5 million people a day.
The shuttle service will connect with the wider Istanbul transportation network which is also being upgraded and extended.
It will be used by local passenger and freight services, with eventual plans for an international railway route between Europe and Asia.
Find us on:
Youtube http://bit.ly/zr3upY
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Twitter http://twitter.com/euronews

US Television - Kazakhstan - The Heart Of Eurasia

Subscribe and visit our web-page: http://www.us-television.tv/ !
The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning a time of early nomadic tribes to a Khan occupation, becoming a SovietState and later declaring independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in nineteen ninety-one – when PresidentNursultan Nazarbayev became leader of the nation and remains so today.
Kazakhstan is categorised as the world’s largest landlocked country by land area, and the ninth largest country in the world. Bordering China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, it is a bridge between Europe to Asia and amasses an area almost four times that of Texas. It is home to an estimated seventeen million people and the official languages are Kazakh...

published: 08 Oct 2015

China’s Eurasian Century

A conversation exploring the drivers and goals of China'sBelt and Road initiative and its potential to re-shape Euraisa's evolving political and economic geography.

Migration the new security technologies

The Xbox 360 Security System and its Weaknesses

Google Tech Talks
August 11, 2008
ABSTRACT
After the disaster of the original Xbox, Microsoft put a lot of effort in designing what is probably the most sophisticated consumer hardware security system to date. We present its design, its implementation, its weaknesses, how it was hacked, and how to do it better next time.
Speaker: Michael Steil
Michael Steil has been involved with various embedded systems hacking projects, like the Xbox, the Xbox 360 and the GameCube. In 2006, he has spoken at Google about the flaws in the security system of the original Xbox.
Speaker: Felix Domke
Felix Domke is the principal author of the Xbox 360 hack and the Linux port. He has also significantly contributed to hacking the dbox2, the GameCube and the Wii, and porting Linux to the respective platforms....

published: 12 Aug 2008

Bosch Security - 'i' for intelligence broadcast

Discover how intelligent video solutions will change the world of video security and beyond, by watching the first ‘i for intelligence’ broadcast. The first interview with Dr. Gregor Schlechtriem, Senior Vice PresidentVideoSystems of Bosch Security Systems. In this interview you will discover how intelligence will play a role in the future of video security. You also have the opportunity to post your questions.
3 reasons why you should watch ‘i for intelligence with Gregor Schlechtriem’:
1. Learn how IoT is changing video security
2. How smarter video systems go beyond security
3. Get details on our new intelligent products
More information: https://www.boschsecurity.com/xc/en/news/news/i-series/

US Television - Kazakhstan - The Heart Of Eurasia

Subscribe and visit our web-page: http://www.us-television.tv/ !
The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning ...

Subscribe and visit our web-page: http://www.us-television.tv/ !
The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning a time of early nomadic tribes to a Khan occupation, becoming a SovietState and later declaring independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in nineteen ninety-one – when PresidentNursultan Nazarbayev became leader of the nation and remains so today.
Kazakhstan is categorised as the world’s largest landlocked country by land area, and the ninth largest country in the world. Bordering China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, it is a bridge between Europe to Asia and amasses an area almost four times that of Texas. It is home to an estimated seventeen million people and the official languages are Kazakh and Russian.
Kazakhstan’s economy is the largest of all the Central Asian states, most likely due to its extensive natural resources. Its goal is to join the top thirty most developed countries in the world by twenty fifty, and pursue a period of modernisation and rejuvenation.

Subscribe and visit our web-page: http://www.us-television.tv/ !
The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning a time of early nomadic tribes to a Khan occupation, becoming a SovietState and later declaring independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in nineteen ninety-one – when PresidentNursultan Nazarbayev became leader of the nation and remains so today.
Kazakhstan is categorised as the world’s largest landlocked country by land area, and the ninth largest country in the world. Bordering China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, it is a bridge between Europe to Asia and amasses an area almost four times that of Texas. It is home to an estimated seventeen million people and the official languages are Kazakh and Russian.
Kazakhstan’s economy is the largest of all the Central Asian states, most likely due to its extensive natural resources. Its goal is to join the top thirty most developed countries in the world by twenty fifty, and pursue a period of modernisation and rejuvenation.

The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche; also nicknamed and shortened to Chunnel)[2][3] is a 50.5-kilometre (31.4 mi) rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. At its lowest point, it is 75 m (250 ft) deep.[4][5][6] At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world, although the Seikan Tunnel in Japan is both longer overall at 53.85 kilometres (33.46 mi) and deeper at 240 metres (790 ft) below sea level. The speed limit in the tunnel is 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph).[7]
The tunnel carries high-speed Eurostar passenger trains, the Eurotunnel Shuttle for road vehicles—the largest such transport in the world[8]—and international freight trains.[9] The tunnel connects end-to-end with the LGVNord and High Speed 1 high-speed railway lines.
Ideas for a cross-Channel fixed link appeared as early as 1802,[10][11] but British political and press pressure over the compromising of national security stalled attempts to construct a tunnel.[12] An early attempt at building a Channel Tunnel was made in the late 19th century, on the English side "in the hope of forcing the hand of the English Government".[13] The eventual successful project, organised by Eurotunnel, began construction in 1988 and opened in 1994. At £4.65 billion, the project came in 80% over its predicted budget.[14] Since its construction, the tunnel has faced several problems. Both fires and cold weather have disrupted its operation.[15][16] Illegal immigrants have attempted to use the tunnel to enter the UK,[17] causing a minor diplomatic disagreement over the siting of the refugee camp at Sangatte, which was eventually closed in 2002.

The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche; also nicknamed and shortened to Chunnel)[2][3] is a 50.5-kilometre (31.4 mi) rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. At its lowest point, it is 75 m (250 ft) deep.[4][5][6] At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world, although the Seikan Tunnel in Japan is both longer overall at 53.85 kilometres (33.46 mi) and deeper at 240 metres (790 ft) below sea level. The speed limit in the tunnel is 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph).[7]
The tunnel carries high-speed Eurostar passenger trains, the Eurotunnel Shuttle for road vehicles—the largest such transport in the world[8]—and international freight trains.[9] The tunnel connects end-to-end with the LGVNord and High Speed 1 high-speed railway lines.
Ideas for a cross-Channel fixed link appeared as early as 1802,[10][11] but British political and press pressure over the compromising of national security stalled attempts to construct a tunnel.[12] An early attempt at building a Channel Tunnel was made in the late 19th century, on the English side "in the hope of forcing the hand of the English Government".[13] The eventual successful project, organised by Eurotunnel, began construction in 1988 and opened in 1994. At £4.65 billion, the project came in 80% over its predicted budget.[14] Since its construction, the tunnel has faced several problems. Both fires and cold weather have disrupted its operation.[15][16] Illegal immigrants have attempted to use the tunnel to enter the UK,[17] causing a minor diplomatic disagreement over the siting of the refugee camp at Sangatte, which was eventually closed in 2002.

The Xbox 360 Security System and its Weaknesses

Google Tech Talks
August 11, 2008
ABSTRACT
After the disaster of the original Xbox, Microsoft put a lot of effort in designing what is probably the most sophi...

Google Tech Talks
August 11, 2008
ABSTRACT
After the disaster of the original Xbox, Microsoft put a lot of effort in designing what is probably the most sophisticated consumer hardware security system to date. We present its design, its implementation, its weaknesses, how it was hacked, and how to do it better next time.
Speaker: Michael Steil
Michael Steil has been involved with various embedded systems hacking projects, like the Xbox, the Xbox 360 and the GameCube. In 2006, he has spoken at Google about the flaws in the security system of the original Xbox.
Speaker: Felix Domke
Felix Domke is the principal author of the Xbox 360 hack and the Linux port. He has also significantly contributed to hacking the dbox2, the GameCube and the Wii, and porting Linux to the respective platforms.

Google Tech Talks
August 11, 2008
ABSTRACT
After the disaster of the original Xbox, Microsoft put a lot of effort in designing what is probably the most sophisticated consumer hardware security system to date. We present its design, its implementation, its weaknesses, how it was hacked, and how to do it better next time.
Speaker: Michael Steil
Michael Steil has been involved with various embedded systems hacking projects, like the Xbox, the Xbox 360 and the GameCube. In 2006, he has spoken at Google about the flaws in the security system of the original Xbox.
Speaker: Felix Domke
Felix Domke is the principal author of the Xbox 360 hack and the Linux port. He has also significantly contributed to hacking the dbox2, the GameCube and the Wii, and porting Linux to the respective platforms.

Bosch Security - 'i' for intelligence broadcast

Discover how intelligent video solutions will change the world of video security and beyond, by watching the first ‘i for intelligence’ broadcast. The first int...

Discover how intelligent video solutions will change the world of video security and beyond, by watching the first ‘i for intelligence’ broadcast. The first interview with Dr. Gregor Schlechtriem, Senior Vice PresidentVideoSystems of Bosch Security Systems. In this interview you will discover how intelligence will play a role in the future of video security. You also have the opportunity to post your questions.
3 reasons why you should watch ‘i for intelligence with Gregor Schlechtriem’:
1. Learn how IoT is changing video security
2. How smarter video systems go beyond security
3. Get details on our new intelligent products
More information: https://www.boschsecurity.com/xc/en/news/news/i-series/

Discover how intelligent video solutions will change the world of video security and beyond, by watching the first ‘i for intelligence’ broadcast. The first interview with Dr. Gregor Schlechtriem, Senior Vice PresidentVideoSystems of Bosch Security Systems. In this interview you will discover how intelligence will play a role in the future of video security. You also have the opportunity to post your questions.
3 reasons why you should watch ‘i for intelligence with Gregor Schlechtriem’:
1. Learn how IoT is changing video security
2. How smarter video systems go beyond security
3. Get details on our new intelligent products
More information: https://www.boschsecurity.com/xc/en/news/news/i-series/

US Television - Kazakhstan - The Heart Of Eurasia

Subscribe and visit our web-page: http://www.us-television.tv/ !
The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning a time of early nomadic tribes to a Khan occupation, becoming a SovietState and later declaring independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in nineteen ninety-one – when PresidentNursultan Nazarbayev became leader of the nation and remains so today.
Kazakhstan is categorised as the world’s largest landlocked country by land area, and the ninth largest country in the world. Bordering China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, it is a bridge between Europe to Asia and amasses an area almost four times that of Texas. It is home to an estimated seventeen million people and the official languages are Kazakh and Russian.
Kazakhstan’s economy is the largest of all the Central Asian states, most likely due to its extensive natural resources. Its goal is to join the top thirty most developed countries in the world by twenty fifty, and pursue a period of modernisation and rejuvenation.

1:32

Eurasia Tunnel: Tunnel beneath Bosphorus is now in business

Tunnel beneath Bosphorus is now in business. TRT World's Jon Brain has the latest updates....

Turkey continues to invest in the country’s infrastructure with projects that touches citizens daily lives. The Eurasia tunnel that connects the European and Asian sides of Istanbul under the sea opened with the participation of President Erdogan. Mobin Nasser takes a look at how the new tunnel will ease the traffic in Istanbul where commuters spend an average of 100 hours in traffic each year.
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Eurasia Mining looking forward to producing first platinum within weeks

Eurasia Mining plc (LON:EUA) Managing DirectorChristian Schaffalitzky tells Proactive Investors that he can meet the terms of a new refining contract for its West Kytlim alluvial platinum project, producing 80 to 100 tonnes of platinum as the first phase of development. “It is not very difficult, we have been working for the last six weeks on setting up the mine and we should start production in the next few weeks, by mid-August” he says.
Schaffalitzky says that mine will eventually be a ten year project and that Eurasia is working with a local civil engineering group who will provide all the equipment and invest the development capital. “They do it at their cost, and Eurasia in return receives 30% of the revenue and the contractor receives 70%. Our job is to monitor the mining, make sure the reserves are mined correctly and to reconcile the production against the actual platinum produced” he says.

Eurasia Tunnel - Istanbul

Eurasia Tunnelhttp://www.alaturkaonline.com/
The Marmaray's sister, the Eurasia Tunnel, a mega project that allows automobiles transit access between the Asian and European sides of Istanbul under the Bosporus strait and will ease Istanbul's notorious heavy traffic.
The tunnel, expected to provide a practical solution to Istanbul's traffic problem, will cut down the travel time between the two sides of Istanbul to just 15 minutes.
The EurasiaTunnel, which will significantly reduce the travel time between Istanbul's Kazlıçeşme on the European side and Göztepe on the Asian side, was planned in connection with the three existing bridges crossing the Bosporus strait.
The two-story tunnel, which is 14.5 kilometer long, including a 5.4-kilometer section under the Bosporus, has been constructed for rubber-wheeled vehicles only.
It will also reduce the travel time from 100 minutes to 15 minutes on a route with heavy traffic. While the traffic flow will become smoother thanks to the expansion and regulation of connection roads at the entrance and exit points of the tunnel, the tunnel will also help reduce environmental pollution and noise. As the project will be the shortest route between Kazlıçeşme and Göztepe, it will reduce fuel costs, as well as the amount of harmful gas released into the air and the maintenance costs of vehicles.
The construction on the tunnel began in 2011 and has cost an estimated $1.25 billion. Built 106 meters under the Bosporus, the tunnel is expected to be used by 100,000 vehicles per day. Instead of the Free Toll CollectionSystem used on the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, the Eurasia Tunnel features counters between each lane, similar to that of the July 15 Martyrs Bridge.
To avoid traffic jams, tolls will be collected via automatic systems and there will be no options for cash payments. There are no exclusive lanes for Electronic Toll Collection System (OGS) and Fast Toll Collection System users. Drivers can use all lanes regardless of the system they are using. The tolls will be $4 plus VAT for automobiles and $6 plus VAT for minibuses in one direction in the first year.

The Channel Tunnel Documentary History

The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche; also nicknamed and shortened to Chunnel)[2][3] is a 50.5-kilometre (31.4 mi) rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. At its lowest point, it is 75 m (250 ft) deep.[4][5][6] At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world, although the Seikan Tunnel in Japan is both longer overall at 53.85 kilometres (33.46 mi) and deeper at 240 metres (790 ft) below sea level. The speed limit in the tunnel is 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph).[7]
The tunnel carries high-speed Eurostar passenger trains, the Eurotunnel Shuttle for road vehicles—the largest such transport in the world[8]—and international freight trains.[9] The tunnel connects end-to-end with the LGVNord and High Speed 1 high-speed railway lines.
Ideas for a cross-Channel fixed link appeared as early as 1802,[10][11] but British political and press pressure over the compromising of national security stalled attempts to construct a tunnel.[12] An early attempt at building a Channel Tunnel was made in the late 19th century, on the English side "in the hope of forcing the hand of the English Government".[13] The eventual successful project, organised by Eurotunnel, began construction in 1988 and opened in 1994. At £4.65 billion, the project came in 80% over its predicted budget.[14] Since its construction, the tunnel has faced several problems. Both fires and cold weather have disrupted its operation.[15][16] Illegal immigrants have attempted to use the tunnel to enter the UK,[17] causing a minor diplomatic disagreement over the siting of the refugee camp at Sangatte, which was eventually closed in 2002.

Bosphorus rail tunnel links Europe and Asia in Istanbul

Originally published on October 29, 2013Turkey has opened the Marmaray tunnel, a 3-billion-euro underwater rail tunnel under the Bosphorus Strait that connects Europe and Asia, the two continents spanned by Turkey.
The opening of the tunnel coincides with the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Turkish Republic and was presided over by Turkish Prime MinisterRecep Tayyip Erdogan.
The tunnel is 13.6 km long and is buried 60 m beneath the seabed of the Bosphorus Strait, setting a world record for the deepest tunnel, according to Turkish government officials.
It is part of a 76 km underground railway project known as the Marmaray line. The tunnel allows access to both the Asian and European sides of the city via the metro system.
The railway tunnel took nine years to build. In the first phase of the project, steel-lined pre-cast concrete sections were laid and buried into a trench dug into the sea bed. Then 12.2 km of tunnel was bored into the nearby landmass to make a passage through the strait.
Around 40,000 objects, including a graveyard of Byzantine ships, were unearthed while digging the underwater trenches.
Japan's Bank for International Cooperation contributed 735 million euros to finance the project. Japanese Prime MinisterShinzo Abe was also present at the official opening of the tunnel.
The tunnel was first conceived of more than 150 years ago by Ottoman sultan Abdoul Medjid. Its construction finally began in 2004 under Erdogan, then the mayor of Istanbul.
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Russia superhighway: NYC to London by car a reality or pipedream?

Originally published on 07 April, 2015Sign up for a free trial of News Direct's animated news graphics at
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Driving from London to New York City would be possible if Russia succeeds in building a superhighway spanning across the country with links to western Europe and Asia.
Russian Railways head Vladimir Yakunin unveiled an ambitious plan for a super highway and railway link from the United Kingdom to the United States during a March meeting with the Russian Academy of Science.
If the plan, dubbed the Trans-Eurasian Belt Development, is realised, motorists will be able to drive from London to New York. Russia hopes the development will spur the economies of remote cities and towns.
The Trans-Siberian Railway is about 9,000 kilometres long. According to CNN, a road trip from London to New York would cover about 20,777 kilometers.
Yakunin said other infrastructure such as oil pipelines, power plants and water supply facilities will be built alongside the highway and high-speed railway.
The mega highway system will face a multitude of difficulties, one of them being the connection to Alaska across the Bering Strait. Either a long bridge or a undersea tunnel would be needed.
Money is likely to be another challenge. Russian Railways said the construction cost would amount to trillions of dollars.
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1:30

Historic tunnel set to ease travel chaos for Istanbul commuters

Hailed alongside Ataturk as heroes to their supporters, today's Turkish leaders were centr...

Historic tunnel set to ease travel chaos for Istanbul commuters

Hailed alongside Ataturk as heroes to their supporters, today's Turkish leaders were central to...
euronews, the most watched news channel in Europe
Subscribe for your daily dose of international news, curated and explained:http://eurone.ws/10ZCK4a
Euronews is available in 13 other languages: http://eurone.ws/17moBCU
http://www.euronews.com/2013/10/29/historic-tunnel-set-to-ease-travel-chaos-for-istanbul
Hailed alongside Ataturk as heroes to their supporters, today's Turkish leaders were central to celebrations at the opening of Marmaray, the world's first trans-continental tunnel.
For commuters in Istanbul, one of the world's most congested cities, what really matters is the difference the rail tunnel will make to their daily lives.
"I have lived here for the past 27 years," said one man at the festivities, which also marked the 90th anniversary of the founding of the modern Turkish Republic. "We have suffered from all the traffic jams, especially crossing the Bosphorus. Because of this, I am very happy now to see this tunnel opening. I also support the project for a third bridge. Roads are not enough."
"I expect traffic to be eased," another man added. "I am not going to cross to the other side with my car anymore."
"It is a very good service," a third man said. "It is being called the project of the century because it was the dream of our ancestors. It is good to have dreams but better when they come true."
Prior to the tunnel, passengers had no choice but to cross one of two road bridges or hop on a ferry. Now the journey should be quicker and less frustrating.
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Istanbul – A Transcontinental City in Eurasia

Istanbul historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in #Eurasia, straddling the Bosporus strait between the Sea of #Marmara and the #BlackSea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, both hosting a population of around 14.7 million residents. #Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as the world's 7th-largest city proper and the largest European city.
Founded under the name of #Byzantion on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman, Byzantine (3301204 and 1261–1453), the Latin (1204–1261) and the Ottoman (1453–1922) empires. Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923.
The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s, as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them. Approximately 12.56 million foreign visitors arrived in Istanbul in 2015, five years after it was named a European Capital of Culture, making the city the world's fifth most popular tourist destination. The city's biggest attraction is its historic center, partially listed as a #UNESCO World Heritage Site, and it’s cultural and entertainment hub can be found across the city's natural harbor, the #GoldenHorn, in the Beyoğlu district.
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China building high-speed rail Beijing to the United States.

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China 'considering' building high-speed rail line from Beijing to the United States.
Entire trip would take two days and run through Siberia.
China is considering plans to build a high-speed railway line to the US, the country's official media has reported.
The proposed line would begin in north-east China and run up through Siberia, pass through a tunnel underneath the Pacific Ocean then cut through Alaska and Canada to reach the continental US, according to a report in the state-run Beijing Times newspaper.
Crossing the Bering Strait in between Russia and Alaska would require about 200km (125 miles) of undersea tunnel, the paper said, citing Wang Mengshu, a railway expert at the Chinese Academy of Engineering.
"Right now we're already in discussions. Russia has already been thinking about this for many years," Wang said.
The project - nicknamed the "China-Russia plus America line" - would run for 13,000km, about 3,000km further than the Trans-Siberian Railway.
The entire trip would take two days, with the train travelling at an average of 350kmh (220mph).
The reported plans leave ample room for scepticism. No other Chinese railway experts have come out in support of the proposed project.
Whether the government has consulted Russia, the US or Canada is also unclear. The Bering Strait tunnel alone would require an unprecedented feat of engineering - it would be the world's longest undersea tunnel - four times the length of the Channel Tunnel which connects France and England.
According to the state-run China Daily, the tunnel technology is "already in place" and will be used to build a high-speed railway between the south-east province of Fujian and Taiwan.
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10:30

Istanbul: The Bosphorus Tour & Club Crawl in Taksim Square!

Our first full day in Turkey, in one of the most beautiful cities in the world, ISTANBUL. ...

Turkey opens world's biggest suspension bridge in Istanbul

Turkey has opened the world's biggest suspension bridge in Istanbul.
It took three years to build and cost some 3 billion euros, and marks the latest mega project which President Erdogan hopes will boost economic growth and seal his place in history. He told crowds 'People die, but their work remains immortal'.
The third bridge to span the Bosphorus, it will carry eight lanes of traffic and two railway lines. It aims to alleviate congestion on the other two bridges, and help develop the northe…
READ MORE : http://www.euronews.com/2016/08/26/turkey-opens-world-s-biggest-suspension-bridge-in-istanbul
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1:11

Istanbul rail tunnel links Europe and Asian - economy

East meets West as Turkey connects the European and Asian part of Istanbul with a rail tun...

Istanbul rail tunnel links Europe and Asian - economy

East meets West as Turkey connects the European and Asian part of Istanbul with a rail tunnel under...
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http://www.euronews.com/2013/10/28/istanbul-rail-tunnel-links-europe-and-asian
East meets West as Turkey connects the European and Asian part of Istanbul with a rail tunnel under the Bosphorus Strait, the busy shipping channel linking the Marmara and Black Seas
More than 14 million people and currently just two bridges in Turkey's largest city mean chronic traffic congestion.
The earthquake-proofed twin tunnels are intended to partly address that problem.
Build by a Japanese-Turkish consortium they run for 13.6 kilometres of which 1.4 kilometres is under the Bosphorus itself.
The total cost was the equivalent of 3.3 billion euros and with trains running every two minutes at peak times it can carry 1.5 million people a day.
The shuttle service will connect with the wider Istanbul transportation network which is also being upgraded and extended.
It will be used by local passenger and freight services, with eventual plans for an international railway route between Europe and Asia.
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US Television - Kazakhstan - The Heart Of Eurasia

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The modern day Republic of Kazakhstan has sprung from an ancient and varied history, spanning a time of early nomadic tribes to a Khan occupation, becoming a SovietState and later declaring independence following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in nineteen ninety-one – when PresidentNursultan Nazarbayev became leader of the nation and remains so today.
Kazakhstan is categorised as the world’s largest landlocked country by land area, and the ninth largest country in the world. Bordering China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, it is a bridge between Europe to Asia and amasses an area almost four times that of Texas. It is home to an estimated seventeen million people and the official languages are Kazakh and Russian.
Kazakhstan’s economy is the largest of all the Central Asian states, most likely due to its extensive natural resources. Its goal is to join the top thirty most developed countries in the world by twenty fifty, and pursue a period of modernisation and rejuvenation.

1:02:15

China’s Eurasian Century

A conversation exploring the drivers and goals of China's Belt and Road initiative and its...

The Channel Tunnel Documentary History

The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche; also nicknamed and shortened to Chunnel)[2][3] is a 50.5-kilometre (31.4 mi) rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. At its lowest point, it is 75 m (250 ft) deep.[4][5][6] At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world, although the Seikan Tunnel in Japan is both longer overall at 53.85 kilometres (33.46 mi) and deeper at 240 metres (790 ft) below sea level. The speed limit in the tunnel is 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph).[7]
The tunnel carries high-speed Eurostar passenger trains, the Eurotunnel Shuttle for road vehicles—the largest such transport in the world[8]—and international freight trains.[9] The tunnel connects end-to-end with the LGVNord and High Speed 1 high-speed railway lines.
Ideas for a cross-Channel fixed link appeared as early as 1802,[10][11] but British political and press pressure over the compromising of national security stalled attempts to construct a tunnel.[12] An early attempt at building a Channel Tunnel was made in the late 19th century, on the English side "in the hope of forcing the hand of the English Government".[13] The eventual successful project, organised by Eurotunnel, began construction in 1988 and opened in 1994. At £4.65 billion, the project came in 80% over its predicted budget.[14] Since its construction, the tunnel has faced several problems. Both fires and cold weather have disrupted its operation.[15][16] Illegal immigrants have attempted to use the tunnel to enter the UK,[17] causing a minor diplomatic disagreement over the siting of the refugee camp at Sangatte, which was eventually closed in 2002.

The Xbox 360 Security System and its Weaknesses

Google Tech Talks
August 11, 2008
ABSTRACT
After the disaster of the original Xbox, Microsoft put a lot of effort in designing what is probably the most sophisticated consumer hardware security system to date. We present its design, its implementation, its weaknesses, how it was hacked, and how to do it better next time.
Speaker: Michael Steil
Michael Steil has been involved with various embedded systems hacking projects, like the Xbox, the Xbox 360 and the GameCube. In 2006, he has spoken at Google about the flaws in the security system of the original Xbox.
Speaker: Felix Domke
Felix Domke is the principal author of the Xbox 360 hack and the Linux port. He has also significantly contributed to hacking the dbox2, the GameCube and the Wii, and porting Linux to the respective platforms.

45:53

Bosch Security - 'i' for intelligence broadcast

Discover how intelligent video solutions will change the world of video security and beyon...

Bosch Security - 'i' for intelligence broadcast

Discover how intelligent video solutions will change the world of video security and beyond, by watching the first ‘i for intelligence’ broadcast. The first interview with Dr. Gregor Schlechtriem, Senior Vice PresidentVideoSystems of Bosch Security Systems. In this interview you will discover how intelligence will play a role in the future of video security. You also have the opportunity to post your questions.
3 reasons why you should watch ‘i for intelligence with Gregor Schlechtriem’:
1. Learn how IoT is changing video security
2. How smarter video systems go beyond security
3. Get details on our new intelligent products
More information: https://www.boschsecurity.com/xc/en/news/news/i-series/

1:00:15

Davos 2016 - The Transformation of Tomorrow

http://www.weforum.org
Humankind is at the threshold of transformation driven by the conf...