Why This Indicator Matters

Selections

Definitions:
Includes the percentage of expulsions that are not the result of willful defiance, as a percentage of all expulsions. The designation of “willful defiance” is problematic because of its ambiguity. While there are no clear criteria for offenses that constitute willful defiance, it can include disruptive behavior, such as eye rolling, coming to class late or talking back to a teacher.

Data Source:
Children Now analysis of data from California Department of Education, DataQuest, data on total expulsions and total expulsions coded as willful defiance.

Footnotes:
For the Modoc county 2014 Scorecard data point, Children Now created a 3-year average combining 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13 data in lieu of a low number event.

Data that are not available are noted as NA. The most frequent reasons for NAs include the unavailability of longitudinal data, fewer than 10 cases (low number events), and statistically unstable estimates.

Asterisks*
An asterisk indicates that data should be interpreted with caution. Asterisks were used to note low number of events (fewer than 10) or unstable data with large confidence intervals. Data or estimates with low numbers and large confidence intervals indicate that a data point may not be a true representation of the larger population.
NA (Not Available)
Data that are not available are noted as NA. The most frequent reasons for using the NA annotation include the unavailability of longitudinal data, data suppression from the original data source due to a low number event, or statistically unstable estimates.

Why This Indicator Matters

Expulsions on the grounds of willful defiance are illegal since the passing of Assembly Bill 420 in 2014.

Selections

Definitions:
Includes the percentage of expulsions that are not the result of willful defiance, as a percentage of all expulsions. The designation of “willful defiance” is problematic because of its ambiguity. While there are no clear criteria for offenses that constitute willful defiance, it can include disruptive behavior, such as eye rolling, coming to class late or talking back to a teacher.

Data Source:
Children Now analysis of data from California Department of Education, DataQuest, data on total expulsions and total expulsions coded as willful defiance.

Footnotes:
For the Modoc county 2014 Scorecard data point, Children Now created a 3-year average combining 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13 data in lieu of a low number event.

Data that are not available are noted as NA. The most frequent reasons for NAs include the unavailability of longitudinal data, fewer than 10 cases (low number events), and statistically unstable estimates.

Asterisks*
An asterisk indicates that data should be interpreted with caution. Asterisks were used to note low number of events (fewer than 10) or unstable data with large confidence intervals. Data or estimates with low numbers and large confidence intervals indicate that a data point may not be a true representation of the larger population.
NA (Not Available)
Data that are not available are noted as NA. The most frequent reasons for using the NA annotation include the unavailability of longitudinal data, data suppression from the original data source due to a low number event, or statistically unstable estimates.

Children Now is the leading, nonpartisan, multi-issue research, policy development, and advocacy organization dedicated to promoting children's health and education in California and creating national media policies that support child development.

The Children’s Movement of California is a collaborative effort being led by Children Now to organize and empower all of the goodwill that exists in our society for kids, but until now has been too diffuse to have the influence it should on making children a policymaking priority.