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Abstract:

A pad, in particular for use in the nursing care and hospital sector, has
an elastic spacer textile, which is surrounded by an elastic foam body, a
separating layer being arranged between the foam body and the spacer
textile. The pad can be produced with any desired outer contour by
foaming the foam body onto the spacer textile, an uncontrolled
penetration of the foam body into the spacer textile and an undesired
increase in the compression hardness connected therewith being avoided by
the separating layer. The pad is accordingly very comfortable to sit
and/or lie on.

Claims:

1. A pad comprising: an elastic spacer textile and an elastic foam body,
wherein the elastic foam body surrounds the elastic spacer textile and a
separating layer is arranged between the elastic foam body and the
elastic spacer textile.

2. A pad according to claim 1, wherein the separating layer has a
plurality of through-openings and the elastic foam body extends through
the through-openings into the elastic spacer textile.

3. A pad according to claim 1, wherein the separating layer has an
adhesion promoter on at least one side.

4. A pad according to claim 3, wherein the separating layer has an
adhesion promoter, in each case, on a spacer textile side and on a foam
body side.

5. A pad according to claim 2, wherein the elastic foam body extending
into the elastic spacer textile forms a plurality of connecting elements,
which in each case surround a part of the elastic spacer textile.

6. A pad according to claim 1, wherein the separating layer comprises an
air-permeable membrane.

7. A pad according to claim 1, wherein the elastic spacer textile has a
rectangular spacer textile outer contour and the elastic foam body has a
non-rectangular foam body outer contour.

8. A pad according to claim 1, wherein the elastic spacer textile is
configured as a knitted spacer fabric and the elastic spacer textile has
two covering layers connected to one another by spacer threads.

9. A pad according to claim 8, wherein the spacer threads form thread
groups running in a plane, with an IXI shape.

10. A pad according to claim 1, wherein the elastic foam body and the
elastic spacer textile are air-permeable and liquid-permeable.

11. A pad according to claim 1, wherein the elastic foam body is
surrounded by an outer casing, which is liquid-impermeable on a lower
side remote from a user.

12. A pad according to claim 11, wherein the outer casing has a
liquid-impermeable outer casing lower part on the lower side and a
liquid-permeable outer casing upper part on an upper side facing the
user.

13. A pad according to claim 12, wherein the liquid-impermeable outer
casing lower part is in a form of a trough.

14. A pad according to claim 1, wherein the elastic foam body and the
elastic spacer textile form an upper layer, which is arranged on an
elastic lower layer, the upper layer and the elastic lower layer being
surrounded by an outer casing.

15. A pad according to claim 14, wherein the elastic lower layer is
liquid-impermeable.

16. A pad according to claim 1, wherein the pad is used in a nursing care
and hospital sector.

17. A pad according to claim 6, wherein said air-permeable membrane is
liquid-permeable.

18. A pad according to claim 14, wherein the elastic lower layer is
liquid-impermeable and said elastic lower layer has a shaped body made of
foam, which is surrounded by a liquid-impermeable shaped body casing.

Description:

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application is a United States National Phase application of
International Application PCT/EP2011/053269 and claims the benefit of
priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 of German Patent Application Serial
No. 10 2010 002 572.0 filed Mar. 4, 2010 and German Patent Application
Serial No. 10 2010 028 316.9 filed Apr. 28, 2010, the entire contents of
which are incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The invention relates to a pad, in particular for use in the
nursing care and hospital sector.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Pads are used for people to sit and/or lie on comfortably and may,
for example, be placed on conventional chairs or mattresses in order to
improve their sitting and/or lying properties. Pads of this type have to
satisfy further requirements in the nursing care and hospital sector.
Apart from comfortable sitting and/or lying properties, pads of this type
have to be robust and easy to clean. Pads generally have a substantially
rectangular outer contour. However, there is increasingly a need for pads
having an outer contour which differs from this.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The invention is based on an object of providing a simple and
comfortable pad having a non-rectangular outer contour.

[0005] This object is achieved by a pad comprising an elastic spacer
textile and an elastic foam body, wherein the foam body surrounds the
spacer textile and a separating layer is arranged between the foam body
and the spacer textile. It was recognized according to the invention that
a pad with any desired, non-rectangular outer contour can easily be
produced in that a foam body is foamed onto an elastic spacer textile.
The spacer textile is, for example, configured as a warp-knitted spacer
fabric or a weft-knitted spacer fabric and, because of its production
method, can be produced particularly easily with a rectangular outer
contour. In contrast, the foam body can easily be produced in any shape
or with any desired outer contour. The spacer textile, because of its
construction, provides a high degree of sitting and/or lying comfort,
whereas the desired outer contour is achieved with the foam body. For
this purpose, the foam body completely surrounds the spacer textile in
the regions to be formed. In order to prevent an undesired increase in
the compression hardness by foam entering the spacer textile, the spacer
textile is completely surrounded by a separating layer. The separating
layer preferably comprises a film and/or a membrane. The cushioning and
damping properties of the spacer textile are not impaired by the
separating layer, so a pad contoured in any desired manner with a high
degree of sitting and/or lying comfort is easily achieved.

[0006] By foaming on the foam body, a high degree of flexibility is
achieved in the contouring of the pad. The production of pads made from
rectangular warp-knitted spacer fabrics or weft-knitted spacer fabrics in
combination with a foam body is economically all the more advantageous,
the more complex is the contouring, as regardless of the contouring,
easily producible, plate-shaped warp-knitted spacer fabrics or
weft-knitted spacer fabrics can be used. As a result, a high degree of
contouring freedom is achieved with low production costs.

[0007] The foam body and the spacer textile are preferably air-permeable
and liquid-permeable, so the pad has a high degree of breathability and
at the same time guides liquids, such as, for example, sweat, blood
and/or urine from a surface facing the user into the interior of the pad.
In order to protect the foam body and the spacer textile from soiling,
the latter are preferably completely surrounded by an outer casing. The
outer casing is removable from the foam body, in particular for cleaning
purposes and, for this purpose, for example has a zip fastener, which is
arranged between an outer casing lower part and an outer casing upper
part.

[0008] In particular, the pad according to the invention can be used to
improve the sitting and/or lying properties of existing seat cushions
and/or mattresses by additionally arranging the pad thereon. A
retrofitting of this type of existing seat cushions and/or mattresses is
comparatively economical in comparison to a completely new seat cushion
or a completely new mattress, which is very important, in particular in
the nursing care and hospital sector. The pad preferably has a pad height
of 10 mm to 200 mm, in particular for 20 mm to 150 mm. The sitting and/or
lying comfort of the pad increases with an increasing pad height as a
better pressure distribution and better spring deflections are achieved
thereby, in particular in the case of a concentrated load.

[0009] A pad, in which the separating layer has a plurality of
through-openings and the foam body extends through the through-openings
into the spacer textile, improves the sitting and/or lying comfort. A
defined quantity of foam can enter the spacer textile through the
through-openings when the foam body is foamed on, so a connection is
achieved between the foam body and the spacer textile without the
compression hardness of the spacer textile undesirably increasing. Owing
to the connection, loads on the pad are better distributed therein,
leading to a greater degree of sitting and/or lying comfort. The
through-openings are preferably arranged on a plurality of sides of the
rectangular spacer textile, in particular on all sides. The separating
layer may, for example, comprise a film or a membrane, which has any
desired, in particular a strip-like or point-like, perforation.

[0010] A pad, in which the separating layer has an adhesion promoter on at
least one side, improves the sitting and/or lying comfort as the
connection between the foam body and the spacer textile and the
separating layer is improved. Movements between the foam body and the
spacer textile are therefore transmitted better and loads are better
distributed.

[0011] A pad, in which the separating layer has an adhesion promoter, in
each case, on a spacer textile side and on a foam body side, has improved
sitting and/or lying comfort as movements between the foam body and the
spacer textile are directly transmitted via the separating layer and
loads are better distributed. A high degree of sitting and/or lying
comfort is achieved, in particular in conjunction with the
through-openings.

[0012] A pad, in which the foam body extending into the spacer textile
forms a plurality of connecting elements, which in each case surround a
part of the spacer textile, has an optimal connection between the foam
body and the spacer textile, without a significant increase in
compression hardness being produced.

[0013] A pad, in which the separating layer comprises an air-permeable
membrane, which, in particular, is also liquid-permeable, has a high
degree of breathability. If the membrane is additionally
liquid-permeable, liquids are effectively guided away from a surface
facing a user into the interior of the spacer textile.

[0014] A pad, in which the spacer textile has a rectangular spacer textile
outer contour and the foam body has a non-rectangular foam body outer
contour, can be easily and economically produced. Rectangular spacer
textiles, in comparison to non-rectangular spacer textiles, are simple
and economical, so these are particularly suitable for producing pads
contoured in any desired manner.

[0015] A pad, in which the spacer textile is configured as a knitted
spacer fabric and has two covering layers connected to one another by
spacer threads, is robust and comfortable.

[0016] A pad, in which the spacer threads form thread groups running in a
plane, with an IXI shape, because of the IXI shape of the large number of
spacer thread groups, has a high degree of elasticity and dimensional
stability. Pressure loads can be resiliently absorbed by the spacer
threads, whereupon they return to the original shape once the pressure
loading ceases. Because of the high degree of dimensional stability, the
knitted spacer fabric can be formed with a height of 2 to 100 mm, in
particular form 5 to 80 mm, in particular from 15 to 60 mm and, in
particular, from 20 to 50 mm without the latter permanently deforming
because of the pressure loads.

[0017] A pad, in which the foam body and the spacer textile are
air-permeable and liquid-permeable, has a high degree of breathability
and guides liquids from a surface facing a user into the interior of the
pad.

[0018] A pad, in which the foam body is surrounded by an outer casing,
which is liquid-impermeable on a lower side remote from a user, prevents
liquid being able to escape from the outer casing so that items arranged
under the pad, such as, for example, a chair or a mattress, are not
soiled.

[0019] A pad, in which the outer casing has a liquid-impermeable outer
casing lower part on the lower side and a liquid-permeable outer casing
upper part on an upper side facing the user, has a high degree of
comfort, as, on the one hand, air can circulate through the outer casing
upper part and, on the other hand, liquid can be guided away from the
surface facing the user into the interior of the pad. Moreover, this
liquid cannot escape through the outer casing lower part, so soiling of
items arranged therebelow is avoided.

[0020] A pad, in which the outer casing lower part is in the form of a
trough, allows a large quantity of liquid to be absorbed without it
escaping laterally. The outer casing lower part preferably has
liquid-impermeable side cheeks extending to the outer casing upper part.

[0021] A pad, in which the foam body and the spacer textile form an upper
layer, which is arranged on an elastic lower layer, the upper layer and
the lower layer being surrounded by an outer casing, improves the sitting
and/or lying comfort. The additional elasticity of the lower layer is, in
particular, advantageous for a pressure-relieving soft support in
conjunction with a decubitus-prophylaxis and/or therapy. The lower layer
is, for example, configured as a shaped body made of foam. The lower
layer and the upper layer are, in particular, arranged in a
shear-resistant manner above one another, which is achieved, for example,
by an anti-slip coating and/or partial provision of the side of the lower
layer facing the upper layer with knobs.

[0022] A pad, in which the lower layer is liquid-impermeable and, in
particular, has a shaped body made of foam, which is surrounded by a
liquid-impermeable shaped body casing, is robust and can be reprocessed
frequently. To reprocess the pad, the outer casing can be removed from
the lower layer and the upper layer. For this purpose, the outer casing,
for example, has a zip fastener, which is arranged between the outer
casing lower part and the outer casing upper part. During the
reprocessing, only the outer casing and the upper layer have to be
completely cleaned. The liquid-impermeable lower layer which, because of
the liquid collecting in the region of the outer casing lower part is
subject to more difficult soiling conditions, only has to be cleaned on
the outside, so a simple reprocessing is possible. The liquid
impermeability is preferably achieved by a liquid-impermeable shaped body
casing, such as, for example, by a polyurethane coating.

[0023] The various features of novelty which characterize the invention
are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a
part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its
operating advantages and specific objects attained by its uses, reference
is made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which
preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In the drawings:

[0025] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a pad according to a first embodiment;

[0026]FIG. 2 is a sectional view through the pad in FIG. 1 along the
section line II-II; and

[0027]FIG. 3 is a sectional view through a pad according to a second
embodiment in accordance with the section in FIG. 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0028] A first embodiment of the invention will be described below with
the aid of FIGS. 1 and 2. The pad 1 shown in FIG. 1 is used as a seat
cushion, for example in use in the nursing care and hospital sector. The
pad 1 has a spacer textile 2 in the form of a knitted spacer fabric,
which extends substantially in an x- and a z-direction and is rectangular
in an x-z-plane defined by these directions, in other words has a
rectangular spacer textile outer contour A. The spacer textile 2 is
designated a knitted spacer fabric below.

[0029] The knitted spacer fabric 2 is completely surrounded by a
separating layer 3. The separating layer 3 substantially separates the
knitted spacer fabric 2 from a foam body 4, which completely surrounds
the knitted spacer fabric 2 and is substantially circular in the
x-z-plane, in other words has a non-rectangular foam body outer contour
S. The foam body 4 is completely surrounded by an outer casing 5.

[0030] The knitted spacer fabric 2 has two covering layers 6 which extend
substantially parallel to one another and are connected to one another by
spacer threads 7. The spacer threads 7 form spacer thread groups 8, which
extend in a y-z-plane and have an IXI shape. This is shown in FIG. 2. The
IXI shape is formed by two spacer threads 7 extending perpendicular to
the covering layers 6 and two spacer threads 7, which intersect and
extend, for example, at an angle of 45°. The knitted spacer fabric
2 has a height HA in the range from 2 to 100 mm, in particular from 5 to
80 mm, in particular from 15 to 60 mm and in particular from 20 to 50 mm.
The threads of the covering layers 6 and/or the spacer threads 7 may be
configured as monofilaments and/or multifilaments and consist, for
example, of polyester. The knitted spacer fabric 2 is air-permeable and
liquid-permeable. Reference is made to DE 100 26 405 B4 with regard to
the construction and the material of the knitted spacer fabric 2.

[0031] The separating layer 3 has a membrane 9, which is air-permeable and
liquid-permeable, but is impermeable to the foam of the foam body 4 and
accordingly separates the foam body 4 from the knitted spacer fabric 2.
The separating layer 3, on a spacer textile side facing the knitted
spacer fabric 2, has a first adhesion promoter 10 and, on a foam body
side facing the foam body 4, has a second adhesion promoter 11. The
affine adhesion promoters 10, 11 are only indicated in FIG. 2.

[0032] For the targeted connection of the foam body 4 to the knitted
spacer fabric 2, the separating layer 3 on all sides has a plurality of
through-openings 12, through which the foam body 4 extends into the
knitted spacer fabric 2 in a desired manner. The foam body 4, through the
through-openings 12, forms connecting elements 13, which are connected to
a part of the knitted spacer fabric 2, in other words to the covering
layers 6 and/or the spacer threads 7 and surround them. In this manner, a
permanent connection is achieved between the foam body 4 and the knitted
spacer fabric 2.

[0033] The foam body 4, the membrane 9 and the knitted spacer fabric 2 are
air-permeable and liquid-permeable, so they have a high degree of
breathability and liquids on the surface of the foam body 4 can be guided
away into the interior.

[0034] The outer casing 5, on a lower side facing a user, has an outer
casing lower part 14 and, on an upper side facing the user, an outer
casing upper part 15, which are connected to one another by means of a
zip fastener 16. The outer casing lower part 14 is formed as a
liquid-impermeable trough to avoid liquid escaping laterally. The outer
casing lower part 14 consists, for example, of polyurethane or of
polyester with an outer polyurethane coating. The outer casing lower part
14 preferably has liquid-impermeable side troughs, which extend to the
height of the zip fastener 16. The outer casing upper part 15 forming a
seat surface is air-permeable and liquid-permeable. The outer casing
upper part 15 is preferably an elastic warp-knitted and/or weft-knitted
fabric, which, depending on the position of the zip fastener 16, is
two-dimensional or three-dimensional.

[0035] The pad 1 is produced by foaming the foam body 4 onto the knitted
spacer fabric 2. During the foaming, foam passes in a controlled manner
through the through-openings 12 of the separating layer 3, the foam on
hardening forming the connecting elements 13. Owing to the foaming, pads
1 contoured in any desired manner can be produced starting from a knitted
spacer fabric 2 with a rectangular outer contour A. Since the foam only
enters the knitted spacer fabric 2 in a targeted manner in the region of
the through-openings 12, an undesired increase in the compression
hardness of the knitted spacer fabric 2 is avoided.

[0036] The outer casing upper part 15 provides a seat surface, for example
for a patient in a hospital. Liquids located on the outer casing upper
part 15 pass through the latter into the interior of the outer casing 5
and from there through the foam body 4 into the interior of the knitted
spacer fabric 2. The liquid escaping again from the knitted spacer fabric
2 collects in the outer casing lower part 14, the latter preventing an
escape of the liquid owing to the trough-shaped and liquid-impermeable
configuration. A high degree of breathability of the pad 1 is ensured by
the air-permeability of the outer casing upper part 15, the foam body 4
and the knitted spacer fabric 2.

[0037] To reprocess or clean the pad 1, the zip fastener 16 is opened and
the foam body 4 with the knitted spacer fabric 2 is removed. The foam
body 4 and the knitted spacer fabric 2 can then be cleaned separately
from the outer casing 5. If the soiling of the foam body 4 with the
knitted spacer fabric 2 or the outer casing 5 is too heavy or wear that
is too heavy has occurred because of frequent reprocessing, the foam body
4 with the knitted spacer fabric 2 or the outer casing 5 can be replaced.

[0038] A second embodiment of the invention will be described below with
reference to FIG. 3. Structurally identical parts have the same reference
numerals as in the first embodiment, to the description of which
reference is hereby made. Structurally different, but functionally
similar parts have the same reference numerals with an a thereafter. In
contrast to the first embodiment, the pad 1a has a multi-layer
construction. The foam body 4, together with the knitted spacer fabric 2,
forms an upper layer 17, which is arranged in a y-direction on an elastic
lower layer 18. The upper layer 17 and the lower layer 18 are arranged
above one another in a shear-resistant manner in the x- and z-direction
and completely surrounded together by the outer casing 5a.

[0039] The lower layer 18 is liquid-impermeable. For this purpose, the
latter has a shaped body 19 made of foam, which is configured in
accordance with the foam body outer contour S and is completely
surrounded by a liquid-impermeable shaped body casing 20. The shaped body
casing 20 can be removed from the shaped body 19. For this purpose, the
shaped body casing 20 has a zip fastener 21. Alternatively, the shaped
body casing 20 can also be permanently closed and, accordingly, not be
removable from the shaped body 19. This takes place, for example, by
welding the shaped body casing.

[0040] The shaped body 19 is, for example, made of reticulated foam and
the associated shaped body casing 20 is made of polyurethane (PU) or of
polyester with a PU coating.

[0041] The pad 1a has improved sitting comfort owing to the additional
elasticity of the lower layer 18. Owing to the liquid-impermeable shaped
body casing 20, liquid collecting in the outer casing lower part 14a
cannot soil the shaped body 19. During a reprocessing of the pad 1a, the
shaped body casing 20 merely has to be cleaned on the outside, so simple
reprocessing is possible. To clean the shaped body casing 20, it can be
disinfected by wiping, for example. With regard to the further
construction and the further mode of functioning, reference is made to
the first embodiment.

[0042] While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and
described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of
the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied
otherwise without departing from such principles.

Patent applications by Heinz-Willy Essers, Wassenberg DE

Patent applications in class Supported on or removably attachable to another mattress

Patent applications in all subclasses Supported on or removably attachable to another mattress