GUIDO DA MONTEFELTRO Ghibelline soldier who
became a Franciscan monk to save his soul. He helped Pope
Boniface VIII betray a political family. Although the Pope
guaranteed absolution to Guido, he never truly repented and
was therefore sent down to Circle VIII, bowge viii, with the
Counselors of Fraud. (Canto XXVII)

NAPOLEONE AND ALLESSANDRO DEGLI ALBERTI
Two brothers who killed each other in a quarrel for their
inheritance. In Circle IX, in Caina, these Traitors to Kin are
frozen eternally together. (Canto XXXII)

PAOLO DA RIMINI One of the pair of adulterous lovers (see
Francesca, above) in Circle I, for the Lustful. (Canto V)

PIER DA MEDICINA A political intriguer from Romagna.
He is in Circle VIII, bowge ix, as a Sower of Civil Discord.
(Canto XXVIII)

PIER DELLA VIGNE Counselor to Frederick II. He
committed suicide when court gossips turned his lord against
him. He is in the Wood of the Suicides, in Circle VII. (Canto
XIII)

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RUGGIERI DEGLI ABALDINI or ROGER The archbishop
who treacherously imprisoned his ally, Count Ugolino, in a
tower. He is in Circle IX, Antenora, with other Traitors to
their Country. (Canto XXXIII)

UGOLINO DELLA GHERARDESCA A nobleman who,
allied with Archbishop Ruggieri, toppled the head of a rival
family from power. Ruggieri then turned on Ugolino, locking
him up to starve in a tower with his sons. Some say Ugolino
was finally driven to eat one of his dead sons to survive.
Down in Circle IX, in Antenora, he eternally chews on
Ruggieri's head in revenge. (Canto XXXIII)

VANNI FUCCI A bitter, resentful Tuscan. He is consigned to
Circle VIII, bowge vii, with the Thieves, because he robbed
the treasure from a sacristy. He belligerently gives Dante an
obscene gesture. (Cantos XXIV-XXV)

VENEDICO CACCIANEMICO A Bolognese who sold his
sister, Ghisolabella, to a rich nobleman. He has ended up in
Circle VIII, bowge i, with the Panderers. (Canto XVIII)