In 1968, the New National Gallery (Neue Nationalgalerie in German) was opened to house an extensive collection of modern 20th century European art including sculpture. This unusual building was designed by Mies van der Rohe. It is sometimes referred to as the 'temple of light and glass' due to the large expanse of glass used in the walls.

Minimalistic steel frames support the structure. Most of the rooms in the 5000 square meter building are located underground, with the ground level floor acting as an entrance foyer where tickets can be purchased.

Several different styles of art are represented within. These include styles in Surrealism, Expressionism, Cubism and the Bauhaus. You will not find any Renaissance period work here. Many of the sculptures are located outside in the adjacent garden.