For permission to reproduce or publish, please contact the California State Archives. Permission for reproduction or publication
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collections.

Preferred Citation

[Identification of item], California State Government Oral Histories, California State Archives.

Administrative History

Documentation of California state government with the use of oral history techniques began in 1969 with the Earl Warren Era
Oral History Project. It was initiated by the Regional Oral History Office of the Bancroft Library and "centered on key developments
in politics and government administration at the state and county level, innovations in criminal justice, public health, and
social welfare from 1928-1953."

Interviews in the second phase, Goodwin Knight-Edmund G. Brown Era, "continued the earlier inquiries into the nature of the
governor's office and its relations with executive departments and the legislature, and explored the rapid social and economic
changes in the years 1953-1966, as well as preserving Brown's own account of his extensive political career. Among the issues
documented are the rise and fall of the Democratic party, establishment of the California Water Plan; election law changes,
reapportionment and new political techniques; education and various social programs.

"Work began on the Ronald Reagan Gubernatorial Series in 1979 [covering the period 1966 through 1974]. . . . Interviews in
this series deal with the efforts of the administration to increase government efficiency and economy and with organizational
innovations designed to expand the management capability of the governor's office, as well as critical aspects of state health,
education, welfare, conservation, and criminal justice programs."
1

Initial funding came from the National Endowment for the Humanities with additional support from public and private sources.
The three series collectively became the Governmental History Documentation Project.

Eventually the California State Legislature established the State Government Oral History Program (1985 stats. ch. 965) "to
provide through the use of oral history a continuing documentation of state policy development as reflected in California's
legislative and executive history." Under the administration of the California State Archives, oral history programs at Claremont
Graduate School; California State University, Fullerton; California State University, Sacramento; University of California,
Berkeley; and the University of California, Los Angeles conduct the interviews. The interviews "offer insights into the actual
workings of both the legislative and executive processes and policy mechanisms. They also offer an increased understanding
of the men and women who create legislation and implement state policy. Further, they provide an overview of issue development
in California state government and of how both the legislative and executive branches of government deal with issues and problems
facing the state.

"Interviewees are chosen primarily on the basis of their contributions to and influence on the policy process of the state
of California. They include members of the legislative and executive branches of the state government as well as legislative
staff, advocates, members of the media, and others who played significant roles in specific issue areas of major and continuing
importance to California."

The program is "one of the most significant commitments made by any state toward the preservation and documentation of its
governmental history. It supplements the often fragmentary historical written record by adding an organized primary source,
enriching the historical information available on given topics and allowing for more thorough historical analysis."
2

The intent for the guide is to organize the interviews of over 400 individuals conducted through both the Governmental History
Documentation Project and the State Government Oral History Program. The guide is divided into two parts: Abstracts and Subject
Index.

The Abstracts are arranged in alphabetical order by the interviewee's surname. It is followed by an accession number which
indicates its location at the California State Archives. Information which may be found in the abstracts include: title of
the transcript, title of the volume (if it contains more than one transcript), year(s) the interview occurred, interviewee's
affiliation and years in that capacity, and a synopsis of the interview and/or biography.

Material in the abstracts were collected from the interview history, introduction, and table of contents of the transcript
itself, scope note (520 field) of the RLIN record entry, and the state rosters. Terms in the subject index follow Library
of Congress subject headings.

Interviews are catalogued and may be accessed through the Research Libraries Information Network (RLIN), OCLC, and GLADYS
databases. A complete set of transcripts for research use is available at the Bancroft Library at the University of California,
Berkeley; the Dept. of Special Collections at the University of California, Los Angeles; and the California State Archives
in Sacramento.

State Government Oral History Program interviews are available on microfilm through interlibrary loan from the California
State Archives. Our address is 1020 "O" Street, Sacramento, California 95814 and the telephone number is (916) 653-2246.

All the transcripts are available for purchase. A price list appears at the end of the volume. Order them through the institution
which produced the interview as indicated.

Sample Entries

*Affiliations on governor's task forces, commissions, and ex-officio positions are not listed.

The following transcripts are available for purchase. They are printed on acid-free paper and are hardbound. The price includes
postage and handling. Please make checks payable to: Secretary of State and remit to:
State Government Oral History Program, California State Archives, 1020 "O" Street, Sacramento, CA 95814.

Abstracts

Abstracts: A-G

As one who had helped launch Richard Nixon for Congress in the 1946 race, Adams stands as a fund raiser and an important political
force in the Earl Warren era; his significance is heightened when one acknowledges his state leadership roles in Nixon's subsequent
campaigns. In addition, he has been a member of the executive committee of the Republican State Central Committee; worked
for U.S. Senators Thomas Kuchel and William Knowland.

Adams, Winfred OH R-1

"Strategies for Republican Elections, State Government Management, and Water Resources, 1963-1976,"
Appointments, Cabinet Management, and Policy Research for Governor Ronald Reagan, 1967-1974. (1981, 1982). State Water Resources Control Board, Member, 1970-1978, chair, 1972-1976; Executive Assistant to the Lt. Governor, 1969-1970;
Cabinet Secretary, 1968-1969.

Additional Note

Adams provides insights into the workings of the governor's office. He outlines the plan for reorganizing the governor's functions
into the tightly-organized system of operations that became a benchmark of the Reagan administration. This concept redefined
the agency secretaries as policy advisors to the governor rather than the operating heads of related departments they had
been under Governor Pat Brown, and also led to several realignments of department groupings over a period of years. There
is a brief commentary on his work as chairman of the California Water Resources Control Board, in the formation of which he
had also taken a hand.

Alarcon discusses his family background, education, experience in the military, post-secondary education, and activities,
events, and issues during his tenure in the Edmund G. Brown, Sr., administration from 1961-1964, in particular those relating
to narcotics, capital punishment, extradition, clemency, and law enforcement.

Albright, Horace OH W-51

"Earl Warren Job Hunting at the Legislature,"
The Warrens: Four Personal Views. (1974).

Additional Note

Albright relates the episode in the life of Warren that marks his crucial entry into a life of public service.

Allen sponsored a bill in 1955 to return to the state certain revenues from oil drilling in tidelands near Long Beach. This
bill was the basis for the compromise bill which became law in 1956. Since 1911, when the City of Long Beach had been granted
the right to receive these revenues itself, the city has developed its harbors and other areas with the revenues. His sponsorship
of this and other natural resources legislation, as well as his membership on several assembly committees (Ways and Means;
Conservation, Planning and Public Works; and Manufacturing, Oil and Mining Industry) allowed Allen to gain great insight into
the position of the oil industry in California.

Allen was chairman of the Assembly Elections and Reapportionment Committee (1963-1966). He and Assembly Speaker Jesse Unruh
fought with the rural dominated senate to find an acceptable reapportionment plan to meet federal court deadlines for senate
redistricting. To cap his involvement in the reapportionment struggle, he authored, along with his staff, the
Legislative Sourcebook, a compendium of legislator records and past reapportionments up to 1965.

The interview discusses Democratic party politics in Santa Clara County as well as statewide. He speaks about his election
campaigns from 1960 through 1984, including his candidacy for Lt. Governor in 1970. He also discusses issues such as campaign
spending, reapportionment, economic development, and the budgetary process, as well as personalities such as Governor Edmund
G. Brown, Sr., John Vasconcellos, and others. It also includes comments by Administrative Assistant Loretta Riddle on Alquist's
San Jose office.

Alshuler, Robert E. OH 92-8

Oral History Interview with Robert E. Alshuler. (1991). Regent, University of California, 1961-1963.

Additional Note

Alshuler discusses his family background, education in Los Angeles and at UCLA, student activities leadership, presidency
of the UCLA Alumni Association, and business of the Regents of the University of California during his ex officio regency
from 1961 to 1963.

Amerson, A. Wayne OH W-40

Northern California and its Challenges to a Negro in the Mid-1900s. (1972). Supervisor, Dept. of Employment, 1941-1960; Supervisor, [State Relief Administration] Budget Control Section, 1933-1941.

Additional Note

Amerson was the first Black to be employed by the California State Employment Service. Discussion includes the California
State Relief Administration, California State Employment Service, California War Manpower Commission, housing, the California
Democratic Council, and attitudes on Negros and race.

Arnstein, Lawrence OH W-13

"Public Health Advocates and Issues,"
Earl Warren and the State Department of Public Health. (1971). Lobbyist.

Additional Note

Arnstein discusses the developments in public health and related advocacy during Warren's years as governor.

Ash comments briefly on the council's history and the major obstacles to organized labor in the early 1940s. An important
function of the council was its role in political campaigns. Ash describes his election-time activities in the Truman-Dewey
campaign and his lobbying work in Sacramento. He comments on labor's attitudes and his own toward Earl Warren.

Ashe, Maryann and Ruth Smith Henley OH W-20

"Earl Warren's Bakersfield,"
Earl Warren's Bakersfield. (1969).

Additional Note

Ashe and Henley describe their school days in Bakersfield as Earl Warren's classmates.

The interview includes biographical background information: family, education, training as a lawyer, and work for the Federal
Bureau of Investigation (1941-1946). The focus is his period of service from the Riverside area in the state assembly: elections,
committee work, legislation carried. Mr. Babbage discusses his efforts to obtain funding for the Riverside campus of the University
of California.

Bagley discusses his post-legislative career. As the first chairman of the federal Commodity Futures Trading Commission, he
was responsible for creating a new body of regulatory law. His discussion of these years and of his subsequent California
state service includes observations on the dangers of combining judicial, legislative, and executive power in regulatory commissions,
and on the gubernatorial administrations of Edmund G. Brown, Jr., Ronald Reagan, and George Deukmejian. In his discussion
of his public law practice with the firm Nossaman, Guthner, Knox, and Elliot, he reflects on the changes in the California
legislature since 1974.

_____. OH R-3

"Some Complexities of Social Progress and Fiscal Reform" in
The Assembly, the State Senate, and the Governor's Office, 1958-1974. (1981). Assembly Member, 1961-1974.

Additional Note

Bagley, including fellow freshman assemblymen Flournoy, Monagan, and Veneman were intent on developing a moderate group in
the legislature which would provide a progressive party stance on social issues. Their views put them at odds with the conservatives.
The focus of the interview is on Reagan's years as governor and the struggle to resolve these conflicting positions in the
critical area of state finance.

Widow of Nathan Harry Miller, Balaban was interviewed in order to capture her reminiscences of her late husband's career as
a deputy district attorney in Earl Warren's office. She relates how Miller was appointed in 1927 to the district attorney's
office, and, by virtue of his membership in the streetcar men's union, became the "labor man" in the office. Miller was involved
in the
King, Ramsay, Conner case, and Balaban remembers the tensions that the case produced for the families of the deputies.

Bannai relates his family background, early career, and World War II experiences, including his dedication to the reimbursement
of interned Japanese-Americans. He discusses his business career, service as an elected official in Gardena, elections to
the state assembly, assembly committee service, legislative leadership in the assembly, other Asians in the legislature, and
public service after he left the assembly.

Barrett gives a detailed picture of how the governor's office functioned in Sacramento. He relates how his own position, as
well as those of other administrative secretaries, shifted from post to post within this office depending upon Governor Knight's
administrative needs. Barrett relates his ideas about Knight's possible vice-presidential bid in 1956, the turmoil of the
1957-1958 "Big Switch." His appointment to the Youth Authority Board provides discussion about the juvenile corrections system
in California.

Baus discusses his background, early work on political campaigns, especially those in Los Angeles City during the late forties
and fifties. He describes the development of the firm Baus and Ross Co. and the way in which the two partners coordinated
their work. He details the many ballot issue and candidate campaigns he consulted on locally, regionally, statewide, and nationally.
Baus remarks on the political consulting profession and the changes in the manner in which campaigns are conducted.

Beach focuses on the importance of making sure that different program concepts are adequately thought out and adequately costed
before the governor makes a decision, with examples from welfare and corrections expenditures. He includes comments on the
impact of federal funding and complications that resulted from the legislature developing its own, independent information
capability in the early 1960s. He also provides valuable information on the growth and internal organization of the Dept.
of Finance, including the advent of data processing and such innovations as program budgeting.

Beam, Kenneth S. OH W-14A

"Clergyman and Community Coordinator,"
Earl Warren and the Youth Authority. (1970).

Additional Note

Beam discusses his role in organizing community coordinating councils in the 1930s and 40s as a means of combatting juvenile
delinquency, with the blessings of California youth correctional agencies.

Judge Beard discusses the formation of the California Democratic Council, the workings of the senate prior to full time operation
or reapportionment, and the role of lobbyists. He offers profiles of senate leaders and several fellow Democrats and comments
on major legislation. The structure and operations of the Industrial Accident Commission and workmen's compensation are treated.
Most of the interview covers 1957 to 1965.

Beck discusses his family background, education, secondary school teaching, law practice, career and his major accomplishments
while a member of the California State Assembly, service as Governor Edmund G. Brown, Sr.'s legislative secretary, and comments
on legislative leadership, partisanship, electioneering, fund raising, and lobbying for teachers' groups.

Beck sheds light on the organization and decision-making in Governor Reagan's administration. As the agency system of administration
developed and additional aides and liaison people were included in discussions, breakfast meetings of smaller groups were
instituted that would sort out extraneous material. About the same time, Beck found that some decisions were being made at
press conference briefings.

Becker, William OH KB-14

"Working for Civil Rights: With Unions, the Legislature, and Governor Pat Brown,"
The Governor's Office Under Edmund G. Brown, Sr.(1979). Assistant to the Governor for Human Rights, 1964-1967.

Additional Note

Becker speaks of his responsibilities for improving the state's own minority hiring practices and as the governor's man on
the spot when troubles like the Watts riots arose. He also encouraged the effort to respond to social unrest by making state
services accessible in neighborhood service centers, but found that finance officials in general were reluctant to accept
the concept.

Behr discusses open space issues on the Marin County Board of Supervisors, election campaigning, lobbying, and the legislative
process in the senate, as illustrated by the progress of his Wild and Scenic Rivers Act, 1971-1972; his bill to require roll
call votes in committees; protective legislation for tule elk, herring, and striped bass; malpractice and no-fault insurance
legislation; and his efforts to pass property tax reform legislation in 1977 and 1978, including the campaign for his alternative
to Proposition 13 in 1978.

Behrens, Earl C. OH KB-24

"Gubernatorial Campaigns and Party Issues: A Political Reporter's View, 1948-1966,"
Reporting From Sacramento. (1969, 1977). Journalist.

Additional Note

Behrens covered elections and legislative sessions for the
San Francisco Chronicle. He provides a broad framework for understanding the press' view of California in the Earl Warren, Goodwin Knight, and Edmund
Brown years. He discusses the events he covered and the role of the press in government and politics.

Beilenson discusses the California Democratic Council and party politics, and his first years in the California Legislature
as an assemblyman. In his recollections of the Reagan years, the 1967 Therapeutic Abortion Act and the 1971 Welfare Reform
Act were main topics. He also notes relationships between Governor Reagan and his associates and legislators of both parties,
recounted the state senate leadership battles of 1969 and 1970, and talked about his authorship of a variety of consumer bills
in the early 1970s.

Bell concentrates on the significance of economic forecasting and recurrence fluctuations in state revenues. His sketches
the ups and downs of income during the Reagan administration and the responses of different directors of Finance and the legislature.
He also provides valuable information on the growth and internal organization of the Dept. of Finance, including the advent
of data processing and such innovations as program budgeting.

Below discusses the assembly reapportionment plan for the 1965 redistricting, the creative role of a technician in drawing
districts, development and use of computer programs, and direct mail techniques. He also discusses the relationship with Jesse
Unruh, Phillip Burton, and Michael Berman.

Bergholz, Richard OH KB-24

"Reporting on California Government and Politics, 1953-1966,"
Reporting From Sacramento. (1979). Journalist.

Additional Note

A legislative and campaign reporter and political editor since 1941, Bergholz provides a professional newsman's view of locating
legislators who are reliable sources of information, the camaraderie between journalists and legislators and the cautions
thereof, the inner ear that protects a reporter on the campaign trail and the hazards of becoming part of a candidate's apparatus.
He offers insights into technological change and the art of reporting: the impact of television, political polling, and professional
campaign management.

Betts discusses the Democratic victory in 1958 and campaigns in 1962 and 1966. He focuses on the history of the State Treasurer's
Office, attempts to create flexibility and competition in investment programs and bond sales, increase in bond sales in the
1960s, and modernization of office procedures. He concludes with discussion of the State Treasurer's office in the late 1980s
and reflects on its growth under the direction of Jesse Unruh.

As a lobbyist for the Friends' Committee on Legislation and the American Civil Liberties Union, he was instrumental in persuading
Assembly Speaker Ralph Brown to create the Assembly Criminal Procedure Committee in 1959. He played an equally active role
in the designing and drafting of progressive criminal justice proposals, much of which is now law. He also discusses the effects
of partisan politics and reapportionment on lobbying activities, personalities in the governor's office, the legislature,
and the Third House.

Boas provides a succinct view of stresses and strains within the state and national party during the emerging ascendancy of
the Republicans under Ronald Reagan's leadership as governor. Boas was a successful San Francisco businessman and county supervisor
when he became Democratic state chairman.

Bodovitz directed the commission's study of problems inherent in filling the bay and to recommend legislation for protecting
the public interest. The McAteer-Petris Act in 1965 created the SF Bay Conservation and Development Commission granting this
agency three years to come up with a plan which would balance conservation and development. Permanent status was accorded
the commission in 1969.

Bonderson discusses his role in the maintenance of water quality and the diverse scientific and administrative issues during
his two decades of leadership on the state Water Pollution Control Board.

Bradley, Donald L. OH KB-17

Managing Democratic Campaigns, 1943-1966. (1977-1979).

Additional Note

He was the key professional in the 1950s when the Democrats began capturing Republican seats in the legislature by targeting
their resources in districts which, for one reason or another, had to hold a special senatorial election. He was the person
in charge when Edmund G. Brown won the governorship in 1958, again in 1962 (against Richard M. Nixon,) and for Brown's defeat
by Ronald Reagan in 1966. He was also a California organizer for Democratic presidential candidate Adlai Stevenson and for
U.S. Senators Clair Engle and Pierre Salinger.

Bradley, Melvin L. OH R-15

"Facilitating Minority Input on State Policy, 1970-1974,"
The Governor's Office: Access and Outreach, 1967-1974. (1983). Assistant to the Governor for Community Relations, 1973-1974.

Additional Note

Bradley discusses his responsibilities for providing input on minority community views on issues under discussion by the governor's
staff and cabinet. Other important aspects of his work included arranging for black leaders to meet with Reagan and other
administration officials and a continuing effort to insure that qualified black persons were considered for appointment to
responsible positions in state government.

Brainin, David OH 90-16

Oral History with David Brainin. (1988). Revenue Estimator, California Dept. of Finance, 1950-1985.

Breed provides a reference point for California's longstanding concern for professional, humane correctional services. He
discusses changes in direction that were instituted in response to changing social conditions and professional standards.
He also discusses his ex officio role on the California Council on Criminal Justice.

Breed, Arthur H., Jr. OH W-2

Alameda County and the California Legislature: 1935-1958. (1973). Senator, 1939-1959.

Additional Note

Breed provides insights into Alameda County politics in the 1930s; the workings of the state senate of which he was a member
in the 1940s and 1950s; and a long acquaintance with Earl Warren as district attorney, attorney general, and governor.

Breslow, Lester OH R-49

Vision and Reality in State Health Care: Medi-Cal and Other Public Programs, 1946-1975. (1984). Director, Dept. of Public Health, 1965-1967.

Additional Note

Breslow provides a thoughtful discussion of the state's long tradition of quality health services, of the evolution of professional
thinking in support of public financing of health care, and of the year when his statutory term as director overlapped Reagan's
tenure as governor.

Reagan named him to head the Office of Health Care Services in 1970. His charge was to control the cost over-runs in the Medi-Cal
program for the medically indigent. This state counterpart of the federal Medicaid program had been an issue in Reagan's 1966
campaign and its expenditures had continued to rise during the governor's first term. Brian brought new budget-minded staff
in the office and established revised procedures for physician reimbursement, by administrative order. There ensued some celebrated
battles with the civil service, the medical profession, and advocates for the poor. In 1971, when a governor's task force
produced a major legislative package for welfare reform, Brian negotiated the Medi-Cal bill separately and in advance of the
welfare bill. Brian was promoted to secretary of the Health and Welfare Agency in 1972. He undertook a major reorganization
that combined the Office of Health Care Services and the payment units of the social welfare department into a new Department
of Benefit Payments and also proposed combining the Department of Corrections and the Youth Authority into one department.

Brien, Nina Warren OH W-18

"Growing Up in the Warren Family,"
Earl Warren: The Governor's Family. (1977).

Additional Note

Brien recounts her recollections of the Warren family, her bout with polio, and her participation in her father's career.

Bright candidly describes the difficulties of being departmental secretary, dilemmas inherent in the job as well as those
which were a result of Goodwin Knight's approach to governing. As a liaison between the governor and the heads of the various
departments, Bright was supposed to translate ideas for policy back and forth. His comments about this job reveal some of
the powerful dynamics present every day in the governor's office. He then discusses his other duties which included listening
to the public as they came into the governor's office, and presiding over monthly meetings of the Governor's Council. It was
during this period that Governor Knight and a few strong supporters, such as Bright, sent out feelers to test the possibility
of Knight's running for either vice-president or president.

Broaders talks about the 1949 consolidation of judicial district courts and about local justice in Tulare County (1950-1959).
As lobbyist for Bank of America he discusses legislative reform and its impact on lobbying, regulation of banking institutions,
five California governorships, and five speakerships.

Brody, Ralph M. OH KB-7

"Devising Legislation and Building Public Support for the California Water Project, 1950-1960; Brief History of the Westlands
Water District,"
California Water Issues, 1950-1966. (1980). California Water Commission, Member, 1961-1966, Chair, 1962-1966; Deputy Director, Dept. of Water Resources, 1959-1960.

Additional Note

By the time Edmund G. Brown was inaugurated as governor in 1959, Brody had agreed to a dual appointment as deputy director
of the Dept. of Water Resources and as the governor's special counsel on water problems. Despite difficult administrative
relationships and a legislature and public polarized on the projected water plan, Brody, along with others, managed to pull
together many of the guiding principals, the unique theoretical framework for building and financing the project, and the
strategy for getting the Burns-Porter Act through the legislature. That bill laid the basis for the distribution of water
from Oroville Dam in the north to Perris Reservoir in the south. It is accepted as the foundation for the Peripheral Canal,
the Drain, and the eventual development of the north coast rivers.

Bronson relates her family and educational background and her activities in Ohio with the YWCA, as state public affairs chairman,
and the League of Women Voters, in which she was active re child labor laws. She discusses her entry into party politics in
California, her service as state vice chairman, her entry into Democratic politics in Arizona, and her service as Democratic
National Committeewoman from that state. She reports on the three national conventions she attended--1952, 1956, 1960.

Brown, Bernice Layne OH KB-1

"Life in the Governor's Mansion,"
Brown Family Portraits. (1979).

Additional Note

Brown recalls the challenges of maintaining a normal family life while fulfilling her role of First Lady.

Brown, Edmund G., Sr. OH KB-26

Years of Growth, 1939-1966: Law Enforcement, Politics and the Governor's Office. (1977-1981).

Additional Note

Political campaigns are discussed in greatest detail in this memoir: the emergence and remarkable continuity of Roger Kent's
Democratic party leadership in combination with the impact of the grass roots California Democratic Council, and the internecine
wrangle among Republicans Goodwin Knight, William F. Knowland, and Richard Nixon. These factors were major in electing Brown
as governor in 1958, thereby creating the first Democratic sweep in the state's twentieth century history. During Brown's
years in office, the California political process and state public administration became significantly more systemized. He
describes the effort that ended candidate crossfiling on party primary ballots and how it strengthened the parties' role,
and the development of more active campaign strategies by Democrats and Republicans. Brown, primarily in response to the general
increase in responsibilities of the growing executive branch, initiated a major reorganization that incorporated the plethora
of departments and commissions into four more manageable super-agencies. Progress in civil rights, development of water resources,
and creation of a major plan for higher education are among the programs Brown speaks of with greatest pride. He examines
with candor his inner struggle over capital punishment and his fruitless efforts to convince the legislature to approve his
recommendations for increased revenues in the face of growing budget dilemmas.

Brown, Edmund G., Sr. OH KB-7

"The California Water Project: Personal Interest and Involvement in the Legislation, Public Support, and Construction, 1950-1966,"
California Water Issues, 1950-1966. (1979). Governor, 1959-1966.

Additional Note

During his term as attorney general of California (1950-1958), Brown dealt with a number of crucial water issues and gradually
concluded that the problems of water rights in California were related to water shortages. As he campaigned for election as
governor, he used substantially this same argument. Within six months of taking office in January 1959, as a result of the
governor's determination, some skillful strategy, and help from friends and advisors in and out of government, he achieved
the legislation which specified the details of the California Water Project and provided the general scheme for financing
it. During his administration, he was often thrust into the midst of disagreeing factions within his administration. Issues
related to the use of tidelands oil funds to finance the water project, the joint federal-state San Luis Reservoir contract,
the Pacific Southwest Water Plan and other ramifications stemming from the
Arizona v.
Colorado decision, and the need to lobby Congress for appropriations for several long-planned dams to be added to the Central Valley
Project.

Brown discusses Warren as an attorney general and a governor; Brown's perspective on his own criminal justice career as district
attorney of San Francisco (1943-1951) and state attorney general (1951-1959).

Brown discusses the former governor's personal characteristics which contributed to his success in politics and which influenced
his administrative style both as district attorney and governor. He also discusses appointments of women and minorities, criminal
procedures in the district attorney's office, and the role of Bernice Brown in political life.

Discussion centered on the background, meeting, and marriage of his parents, Edmund Joseph Brown and Ida Schuckman, and recollections
of their personalities, of family life and of Brown's own San Francisco boyhood, law practice with his brother Edmund, and
their membership in the reform-minded organization, New Order of Cincinnatus.

Brownell was a major advisor to President Eisenhower in both his campaign and his appointments. His memorandum, dated 1975,
recounts the events leading up to Warren's appointment as U.S. Chief Justice. An interview, dated 1974, is appended to the
memo. Topics discussed include the 1952 Republican Convention's contested delegations, putting Eisenhower over the top, Warren
as campaigner for the 1948 and 1952 races; offers to Warren of a Supreme Court justiceship, choosing a successor to Chief
Justice Fred Vinson, the offer of the Chief Justiceship to Warren; investigation of Earl Warren and his views; White House
responses to Warren Court decisions.

Bruce was interviewed in order to record his acquaintance with Earl Warren, first as a fellow student at the University of
California at Berkeley and later as an Oakland reporter covering the county courts when Warren was in the district attorney's
office.

Bulcke, Germain OH W-34

"A Longshoreman's Observations,"
Labor Looks at Earl Warren. (1969).

Additional Note

Bulcke was one of the leaders who founded the ILWU prior to the 1934 Pacific Coast waterfront strike. He was the first member
of organized labor to serve on the State Fish and Game Commission, appointed by both Governors Olson and Warren. Bulcke graphically
recalls the anathemas of the non-organized maritime worker: star gangs, kickbacks, brass checks, often fatal working conditions,
aspects of favoritism, pointing up the need for an efficiently organized union to ameliorate dockside conditions during the
1920s.

Burby discusses his family background, education, World War II military experience, career in journalism, service as press
secretary from 1961 to 1967 in the administration of Governor Edmund G. Brown, Sr., and significant events and issues that
impacted the Brown administration in that period, and comments on state and local politics in general in Sacramento.

In the governor's first administration, Burch was an assistant to Governor Brown, working on his appointments to boards and
commissions. She left to work on the 1960 Kennedy campaign, then to Washington to be administrative assistant to Fred Dutton.
She returned to California in 1965, working for the governor on the National Governors' Conference held in Los Angeles. She
then joined the governor's campaign staff for the 1966 election and was asked to accompany Mrs. Brown on her campaigning,
handling her schedule and speeches.

Burke, Yvonne Brathwaite OH R-30

New Arenas of Black Influence. (1982). Assembly Member, 1967-1972.

Additional Note

Burke discusses her early career and entry into politics. She relates her perceptions of the California State Assembly and
the Reagan administration, of the governor's relations with the legislature as a whole and with individual legislators, and
of the administration's responsiveness to minorities and women. Burke also discusses legislation that she sponsored and issues
with which she was especially concerned.

Busch discusses activities of the Senate Interim Judiciary Committee, legislative leaders, earlier service as Lake County
District Attorney (1930-1946); water, transportation, and other issues in northern California, 1920-1980.

This interview focuses on Busterud's relationship to the work of the California Constitution Revision Commission. He discusses
his early interest in the need for constitutional revision in California when he served in the state assembly. He describes
in detail his role as special counsel and full-time staff of the commission until he became one of its members.

Button, A. Ronald OH KB-3

"California Republican Party Official and State Treasurer as California, 1956-1958,"
California Constitutional Officers. (1979). State Treasurer, 1956-1958.

Additional Note

Button discusses his positions as treasurer of the Republican State Central Committee (1950-1953) and national committee (1953
to 1956), the changes he made in the party's approach to fund raising, and his tenure as state treasurer of California.

Caldecott waged a successful campaign for the 18th assembly district vacated by Republican Gardiner Johnson. Entering the
assembly in 1947 he became associated with the Dirty Seventeen--predominantly freshmen assemblyman leading a good-government
drive that eventually installed James Silliman as Speaker. His loyalty to Silliman combined with his legal and budgetary acumen
elevated him to the chairmanship of the influential Ways and Means committee. In this position he built a trusted relation
to Governor Goodwin Knight and worked with him on the annual budget. He became the vice chairman of the Republican State Central
Committee in 1954. He discusses the scramble for party power among Nixon, Knowland, and Knight forces in the mid-1950s.

Cameron discusses Democratic party politics, government, campaigns, and legislation; activities in the assembly and House
of Representatives; personal opinions and problems with fellow assemblymen and House members, presidents Kennedy and Johnson;
electronic voting idea, and publishing his voting record for his constituency.

The interview provides the view of an experienced civil servant on the early problems of the Medi-Cal program for public assistance
for those unable to pay for medical care and reorganizations within the California Health and Welfare Agency to resolve them.
In addition to explaining measures he drafted as Earl Brians' deputy, Camilli discusses team training methods he introduced
to improve the department's operations. He touches on other civil service concerns with reference to his later years as director
of the State Personnel Board, 1971-1973.

Canson, Virna M. OH R-9

"Waging the War on Poverty and Discrimination in California through the NAACP, 1953-1974,"
Citizen Advocacy Organizations, 1960-1975. (1984). Program Advisory Committee to the Consumer Counsel, 1962-1966.

Additional Note

Canson comments on the NAACP's activities, the Rumford Fair Housing Act, consumer counsel, and the Office of Economic Opportunity.
She also reports her successful efforts to maintain communication with the governor's office.

Carleson provides a concise and fascinating reconstruction of the twelve months from August 1970 to September 1971 during
which his team made its study and restructured the department, including the passage of controversial legislation dealing
with reforms that could be carried out administratively. Carleson also discusses his work as city manager in southern California
and with the state Department of Public Works, with some entertaining anecdotes on decision-making strategies. Much of this
interview is devoted to detailed recollection of passage of the 1971 Welfare Reform Act.

Subjects of the interview centered on the family home on Grove Street in San Francisco, the boys' schooling, Edmund's engagement
and early married years, the parents' conflict over religion and growing alienation and eventual separation, her father's
constant striving for business success and her mother's hunger for education. She discussed the Vietnam war and the Chessman
case and how they contributed strain to family and political life.

As vice chairman and then chairman of the state party organization, he helped develop the California Plan for achieving a
Republican majority in the legislature. When a south Orange County senate district opened up in 1970, Carpenter was the logical
Republican candidate to fill the vacancy. He easily won the special election in August 1970 and served two terms, retiring
in 1978 to work as a lobbyist and political consultant.

As Brown's secretary for eleven years, Carter comments on the governor's informal work style. She speaks of the routines of
keeping up with the paperwork both in the governor's office and in his 1966 re-election campaign, touching on the response
of the executive staff to issues as the 1964 initiative to defeat fair housing, and the 1965 Watts riots, which led to strengthening
the governor's staff in Los Angeles. She summarizes the legal and public affairs activities in which Brown was involved after
his defeat.

Carter, Louis OH R-43

"Piloting Assistance to Small and Minority Businesses, 1969-1975,"
Services for Californians: Executive Department Issues in the Reagan Administration, 1967-1974. (1984). Executive Director, Office of Small Business Development, 1969-1975; Special Consultant to the Superintendent of Bank, 1969.

Additional Note

Carter describes the evolution of the Cal-Job Corporation in working with state banks to create a loan program and to provide
technical assistance for small businesses and businesses owned by minorities.

Carter, Oliver J. OH W-37

A Leader in the California Senate and the Democratic Party, 1940-1950. (1971, 1972, 1973). Senator, 1941-1948.

Additional Note

Carter was credited by many in Earl Warren's circles as being the crucial senate fighter for the Republican governor's highway
bill that created the initial network of freeways in 1947. Governor Warren had been planning vast statewide road-building
as postwar projects ever since the first year of the war, and when the time came it required a tax increase. Carter tells
how the battle between the governor and the oil companies for the 1-1/2 percent increase in fuel taxes was manipulated in
the legislature and the governor's office, how the city-county ration for allocations was arrived at, and how finally the
Collier-Burns Act was passed with Carter leading the senate forces for Earl Warren and his friend Albert C. Wollenberg performing
the same task in the assembly. As the senator from Shasta and Trinity Counties, Carter became well-known for his fire protection
measures for forests.

Carty, Edwin L. OH W-29

Hunting, Politics, and the Fish and Game Commission. (1972, 1973). Commissioner, 1939-1943.

Additional Note

Carty discusses his work on the Fish and Game Commission, friendship with Earl Warren, and Ventura County leadership.

Cavanaugh discusses his political activities, acquaintance with Warren, the legislature during the forties, and city and state
administration.

Cavins, Omar OH W-20

"Coming of Age in Bakersfield,"
Earl Warren's Bakersfield. (1970).

Additional Note

Cavins discusses his recollections of the Bakersfield that he and Earl Warren knew as boys, and of the high school class of
1908 that they both belonged to.

Chamberlain, Richard H. OH W-44

"Reminiscences About the Alameda County District Attorney's Office,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. II. (1971). Chief Assistant District Attorney, ?-1953; Deputy District Attorney, 1926 - ?; Judge, Superior Court of Alameda County, 1953-1964.

Additional Note

Chamberlain describes the organization of the office and comments on the early innovations introduced by Warren. One of his
most important duties, beginning in 1931, was to attend the sessions of the state legislature in Sacramento as a representative
of the Alameda County District Attorney's office. He worked closely with legislators, and describes some of the more significant
pieces of legislation he helped support, including the important 1934 state constitutional amendments. He attended every legislative
session from 1931 to 1941 and became, ex-officio, a spokesman for the law enforcement officials of the entire state. He compares
the office under the administration of Ralph Hoyt, J. Frank Coakley, and Earl Warren.

Champion, Hale OH KB-10

Communication and Problem-Solving: A Journalist in State Government. (1978). Press Secretary, 1959-1961.

Additional Note

Champion discusses the dynamics of Brown's re-election campaigns. He discusses organizational and financial innovations by
which Pat Brown's administration attempted to deal with the growing complexity of government: introduction of the agency system
to improve accountability of executive departments, the effort to develop cost controls for the burgeoning welfare and Medi-Cal
programs tied to federal legislation, and the urgent effort to win approval for withholding state income taxes to stabilize
the revenue cash flow.

Chatters, Ford A. OH W-50

View from the Central Valley: The California Legislature, Water, Politics, and the State Personnel Board. (1972). State Personnel Board, 1943-1946; Assembly Member, 1933-1935.

Additional Note

Chatters discusses his background, early political interests, role in California water legislation, role in Warren's 1942
campaign, role in the Warren administration, tenure as state legislator, and State Personnel Board.

Chaudet, Joseph W. OH W-34

"A Printer's View,"
Labor Looks at Earl Warren. (1969).

Additional Note

Chaudet discusses the difficulties of labor organizing when "The American plan" and "sweetheart contracts" were common and
men did not join the union for fear of losing their jobs; being recognized as bargaining agent was the unions' major concern.
Labor legislation of the period was non-existent, because of anti-labor feeling.

This combined interview with Chickering and Hawkins describes the period when the state's anti-poverty programs were being
challenged by the governor's office, and program negotiations with the federal government were intense.

Christopher, George OH KB-25

"Mayor of San Francisco and Republican Party Candidate,"
San Francisco Republicans. (1977, 1978).

Additional Note

Christopher spoke on a wide range of topics such as his own political disappointments, the Free Speech Movement, the corporate
influencing of politics, and the nature of political conduct as he viewed it.

Christopher was recruited as a volunteer to write occasional speeches for Brown's 1958 gubernatorial campaign. He then served
briefly as special counsel in the governor's office. His specific projects under Brown included developing a smog program,
providing consultation with people who would be charged with carrying it out. He was in on the conceptual discussions of Brown's
reorganization plan. After the disastrous Watts Riots, Christopher functioned on the McCone Commission as interrogator and
vice chairman, 1965 to 1967.

Clark served as civilian coordinator between the Justice Dept. and Western Defense Command. He describes his work of acquainting
the public with the situation, investigating allegations of Japanese sabotage, and enforcing General DeWitt's curfew orders.
He comments on the attitude toward relocation of several federal officials, and outlines the functioning of the federal task
force assigned to oversee the relocation process. He notes that after the war a commission was appointed to coordinate the
return of property to the evacuees.

Claycombe, Gordon OH W-11

"The Making of a Legislative Committee Study,"
Earl Warren and Health Insurance: 1943-1949. (1970).

Additional Note

Claycombe discusses his role in the legislative events related to Earl Warren's effort to achieve passage of a state-administered
health insurance program, and other experiences in medical public relations. He recalls in detail his staff work for Senator
Byrl R. Salsman's Interim Committee on Prepayment of Medical and Hospital Care, the course of discussions with the committee
members, and his impression of forces at work in the community.

Clifton was head of the Southern California campaign for Governor Warren's Democratic opponent, James Roosevelt, in the 1950
gubernatorial race. Discussion includes former campaigns in which she participated, such as Culbert Olson's 1938 race and
Harry Truman's 1948 delegation.

In his job as legislation advisor to Governor Olson, he set up and ran a system for digesting all bills that came over the
governor's desk and recommending whether Olson should sign or veto. Because Olson and his attorney general, Earl Warren, were
often at loggerheads, Clifton occasionally acted as general legal counsel to the governor and at one point actually had to
represent the governor before the state supreme court against the position represented by Attorney General Earl Warren.

Cline discusses the medical profession's response to Governor Warren's proposal for a state program of health insurance. He
describes the negotiations between the California Medical Association and Warren in 1944 and 1945. By 1947, Cline was president
of the CMA and again successfully blocked Warren's legislation. He also describes the selection of the public relations firm
of Whitaker & Baxter to handle the CMA campaign and later the national campaign. In 1971 he was again leading a strong professional
effort to retain funds in the Dept. of Public Health budget for the tumor registry which was begun in Warren's administration.

Coakley, J. Frank OH W-45

"A Career in the Alameda County District Attorney's Office,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. III. (1969, 1970, 1972, 1973).

Additional Note

In describing his early years of service in the district attorney's office, Coakley notes several of the dramatic and complicated
cases he helped prosecute: the Sheriff Becker case and the fight against graft in county offices, the Cox oil swindle case,
the mausoleum case, and the Board of Equalization case. He comments on Earl Warren's standards of criminal justice, noting
that the Alameda County office was one of the few in the country to use search warrants in the 1920s and 1930s. Turning to
the post-Warren period in the district attorney's office, Coakley comments on his own tenure as DA.

Cobey, James A. OH 89-9

Oral History Interview with James A. Cobey. (1988). Senator, 1955-1966.

Additional Note

He discusses his legal background as a deputy county counsel, chief law clerk to Justice Clement Shinn, and practicing attorney
in Merced County. He talks about his first senate term: the power structure, nature of the senate, water legislation, and
bills he carried. He speaks about various personalities: Governor Edmund G. Brown, Sr., Lieutenant Governors Powers and Anderson,
Hugh Burns, and other senators.

Coffey, Bertram OH KB-22

"Reflections on George Miller, Jr., Governors Pat and Jerry Brown, and the Democratic Party,"
Political Advocacy and Loyalty. (1978). Chair, State Central Committee, 1977-1979.

Additional Note

Coffey touches on Miller's sturdy defense of northern California water supplies, the ticklish question of representing a district
in which the Standard Oil Company is the largest constituent, and the sense of propriety and protocol that made Miller a strong
force in the legislature while not a threat to the long dominance of Senate pro tem Hugh Burns. In 1950 and 1954, Coffey took
on the job of rounding up labor support statewide for Pat Brown's campaigns for attorney general, with Miller's approval.
The interview goes on to describe reorganizations of the state Democratic party under Miller and later under Coffey.

Cologne, Gordon OH R-24

"Water Policy in the Reagan Years,"
Legislative-Governor Relations in the Reagan Years: Five Years. (1981). Assembly Member, 1961-1965; Senator, 1965-1972.

Additional Note

Cologne, along with Assemblyman Carley Porter, was a pillar of California Water Project legislation. Cologne established himself
as the water expert in the senate, guiding water legislation through the senate chamber while Porter carried water bills through
the assembly.

As executive director, Aid for Retarded Children grew into a full service organization, eventually serving several hundred
developmentally disabled men and women each year with residential group homes, recreational programs and volunteer work, advocacy
and public education, job training and paid work, and support services to clients and their families. She recounts the trials
and triumphs of those years by describing Earl Warren's efforts on behalf of the mentally retarded, legislation passed during
the 1950s and 1960s, Ronald Reagan's support for legislation for the mentally retarded at a time he was cutting $20 million
from the mental health budget, and the impact on the mentally retarded of the closing of the mental hospitals.

Dorothy Corey reviews her family background and education. She recollects her days as a pioneering market researcher during
the thirties in Chicago and her acquaintance with George Gallup and Elmo Roper. She talks about her company's clients in political
polling and their reliance on research. She also discusses the various techniques in market research and their applicability
in the political field.

Cory discusses tax reform efforts by the governor and the legislature in the late 1960s and 1970s, campaigning and campaign
reform, reapportionment, the Office of Controller, audits of Medi-Cal and welfare programs, the Board of Equalization, unitary
system of accounting for corporate taxation.

Cory focuses on the interaction among senators and assemblyman on educational finance bills, on the variety of approaches
considered for equalizing educational opportunity, and the efforts made toward a county-wide tax system to support the public
schools. Although he reflects on the legislature's handling of public education matters between 1961 and 1964, and between
1966 and 1974, his term as chief administrative officer affords another special view of the assembly.

Cozzens was actively involved in the selection of sites for camps, their day-to-day administration, and served as acting director
of Gila Relocation Center in Arizona. He comments on the successful campaign of commercial growers to abort the agricultural
programs established at some centers.

Cristina discusses the liberals and conservatives within the State Republican Party, 1964 Goldwater campaign in San Francisco,
work on Reagan's appointments committee, and Highway Commission issues.

Crocker, Roy P. OH W-46

"Gathering Southern California Support for Richard Nixon in the 1950 Senate Race,"
Richard M. Nixon in the Warren Era. (1975).

Additional Note

Crocker's role in the congressional and senate races of the young Whittier attorney was a crucial one that provided public
and financial support initially from the banking and savings and loan community in California and later from agricultural
interests. Session focused on the 1950 senatorial campaign in which Nixon defeated Los Angeles Congresswoman Helen Gahagan
Douglas and thereby became a force in California to be reckoned with by the Earl Warren Republicans. Crocker, as valley organizer,
helped provide Nixon with some of the most powerful support then available in California, that of the large landowners and
agricultural interests, whose senators from Marysville to El Centro and the Imperial Valley controlled state finances and
the legislature. Helen Douglas had chosen as the core of her campaign support of the 160-acre ownership limitation on farmlands
fed with water from federal reclamation projects.

The focus of the interview is on Earl Warren's gubernatorial race for re-election in 1946, a race he won in the primaries
by out-balloting his opponents in both the Democratic and Republican parties. Cunningham, whose tenure in the legislature
had been marked by similar bipartisan victories, was Warren's southern California campaign leader.

Dales makes observations helpful in understanding the subsequent political attainments of Ronald Reagan. Dales speaks of the
working relationship he had with Reagan in which Dales would orchestrate much of the behind-the-scenes work and Reagan would
convey the board's position to the members and deal with dissent. He describes his efforts throughout the forties and fifties
to educate the Guild membership concerning television's role in economic changes in the industry. The fruits of Dale's foresight
and persistence materialized in a pension and welfare fund and in millions of dollars of residual payments to performers for
reuse of their work.

Daly, E.A. OH W-44

"Alameda County Political Leader and Journalist,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. II. (1971).

Additional Note

Daly was interviewed in order to document the highlights of his forty-four years as publisher and editor of the
California Voice newspaper and of his political activities in Alameda County.

One of several California businessmen, impressed with Reagan's public speaking during the 1964 presidential campaign who prevailed
upon him to become a candidate for governor. They provided much of the early solicitation of funds and supporters. Gradually
expanding during 1966, they composed part of the transition team that advised Reagan on appointments and helped organize his
first months in office.

Davis talks about key staff people in Pat Brown's office as governor and the intricate process of researching and selecting
candidates for appointment by the governor. In analyzing the appointments procedure, she emphasizes the importance which the
governor placed on prior clearance of appointments with local legislators. A challenging part of her job was to keep supplicants
and their supporters happy when they were not appointed.

Day helps to identify contributors, campaign workers and their connections--to each other, to the candidate, and to the particular
community or city of each. We learn how the planning was accomplished for Nixon's successful campaigns and how and when the
candidate and his staff made decisions.

Debs discusses his family background, education, migration to California in 1923, pre-legislative employment, electioneering,
and service in the California State Assembly, particularly his involvement on committees related to education and health.

del Junco, Tirso OH R-39

"California Republican Party Leadership and Success, 1966-1982,"
Republican Philosophy and Party Activism. (1982).

Additional Note

del Junco discusses the party's increasing effectiveness in raising campaign funds, and in getting Republicans to vote. He
also notes his own success in building a strong Hispanic presence within the party, including the establishment of the Hispanic
Council.

Dellums, C.L. OH W-30

International President of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and Civil Rights Leader. (1970, 1971).

Additional Note

Dellums was the international president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. He helped organize and led the statewide
movement for a state fair employment practices law. After its adoption, Governor Brown asked him to accept an appointment
to the California Fair Employment Practices Commission. Dellums served from 1959 to 1969.

Dills discusses his background, education, early political involvement in the EPIC movement and in the Democratic party, tenure
as a municipal court judge particularly during the Watts rebellion in 1965, and provides considerable information on his chief
legislative interests and accomplishments while serving initially as a California State assemblyman and then as a California
state senator.

As the northern California chairman of Nixon's 1950 senatorial campaign, Dinkelspiel affords a view of Nixon somewhat different
from the high visibility and old-friend network enjoyed by the young congressman in southern California.

Doyle discusses his personal history, his initial campaign for the assembly in 1952, various legislative personalities and
episodes, the Knight-Knowland-Nixon struggle for party power, his actions as chairman of the Assembly Education Committee,
and the development and enactment of the Short-Doyle Community Mental Health Act of 1957.

Draper was the northern California executive director of Warren's campaign for re-election to the governorship. He describes
the methods, criteria of operations, and milieu of this victory over Attorney General Robert Kenny.

Drury, Newton B. OH W-15

"A Conservationist Comments on Earl Warren and Harold Ickes,"
Earl Warren as Executive: Social Welfare and State Parks. (1970). Chief, Division of Beaches and Parks, 1952-1958.

Additional Note

Drury discusses his contacts with Earl Warren, who was his classmate, his friend, and the governor who appointed him in 1951
to head up the state parks. He comments on the primary cause of his return to California from Washington--the old Olympic
National Park spruce misunderstanding with former Interior Secretary Harold Ickes, and his resistance to then-Secretary Oscar
Chapman, who advocated the plan to dam two rivers in Dinosaur National Monument.

Dumke, Glenn S. OH R-11

The Evolution of the California State University System, 1961-1982. (1984). Chancellor, California State Universities and Colleges, 1977-1983; Chancellor, California State Colleges, 1962-1976; President,
San Francisco State College, 1959-1962.

Additional Note

Dumke provides a look at the process and issues involved in merging an assortment of local state colleges into a unified system
that included nineteen campuses by 1982 when he retired as chancellor. Among the issues discussed are the upgrading of state
colleges, tensions between the colleges and the University of California, and student activism in the 1960s. Dumke also recalls
working with both governors Edmund G. Brown and Ronald Reagan on higher education matters.

Dunckel, Earl B. OH R-40

Ronald Reagan and the General Electric Theater, 1954-1955. (1982). Vice president, General Electric Public Relations.

Additional Note

In describing General Electric during those years, Dunckel refers briefly to questions the company had been dealing with concerning
restraint of trade and controversies with electrical unions, particularly the employee-relations policies. The growing liberal
influence in government was also an issue of the times in the business world and was often discussed by the two men as they
traveled together.

Dunlap, as both assemblyman and senator, was instrumental in getting environmental legislation passed. He worked on open space
lands, the coastal commission, fluorocarbon legislation, offshore drilling. He also discusses education and transportation
issues, tax law, and legislative reform.

Dutton was interviewed to capture an "idea man" in motion inside the pressures of practical politics. Governor Pat Brown reached
out for this type of person to complement those around him who functioned more in terms of organization and program. Dutton
focuses on the years when Brown was governor.

Dwight discusses his efforts in 1966 to provide the governor-elect with a working knowledge of the state's finances and to
provide input on the budget Reagan would present to the legislature shortly after he took office. He provides useful comments
on the Reagan cabinet and decision-making process. He also explains the importance of the budget as a policy tool, citing
welfare reform and education-funding strategies during the governor's second term.

Elkington and Brown first encountered each other as opponents in the courtroom of a referee in bankruptcy. Elkington backed
Brown for district attorney in 1939 and 1943 and joined the DA's staff after Brown was elected. He describes Brown's energy
and vigorous prosecution of gambling and abortion operations which had generated graft and corruption of scandalous proportions.
He recalls Brown's innovations in administration (full-time staff attorneys and efficient filing systems) and in criminal
investigation procedures (the suspicion booking system recommended by Bert Levit).

Ellingwood discusses the administration's efforts at California court reform and reducing crime and to encourage individual
and corporate responsibility; development of emergency services, questions involved in gathering and disseminating information
among law enforcement agencies. As a member of the California Council on Criminal Justice, which channeled federal Law Enforcement
Assistance Administration funding to local programs, he encouraged and attended meeting that brought judges together with
policemen, district attorneys, and other professionals.

Engle, Lucretia OH KB-22

"Clair Engle as Campaigner and Statesman,"
Political Advocacy and Loyalty. (1977).

Additional Note

Engle provides insight into the Senator's last days and the political maneuvering that resulted in Pierre Salinger being named
to Engle's Senate seat and later losing the November election to George Murphy. As her husband's secretary, she gives a vivid
picture of his years as representative for the Second Congressional District.

Ennis, a special assistant to the U.S. Attorney General in charge of war problems, became chief of the Justice Department's
Alien Enemy Control Unit after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. He contrasts the development of the Justice Department's program
of selective internment of enemy aliens with the Western Defense Command's vigorous advocacy of a policy of evacuation of
all Japanese-Americans. He also comments on the roles played by Attorney General Biddle, Tom Clark, a special assistant attorney
general, and FBI head J. Edgar Hoover.

This interview discusses southern California dairy farming and agricultural associations in the 1930s; Erwin's career in the
state assembly, 1943-1955, including organization and leadership, with comments on fish and game, highways, land use, other
contemporary issues; Richard Nixon, Goodwin Knight, Jesse Unruh, other political figures.

Faries, McIntyre OH W-6

California Republicans, 1934-1953. (1970, 1973).

Additional Note

Faries discusses his leadership of California Republicans throughout the Warren years in the California Republican Assembly,
Republican State Committee, Governor Frank Merriam's campaign in Los Angeles County; and the Republican campaign in Southern
California. Faries became Republican National Committeeman from 1947 to 1953.

Farr gives a picture of the senate and senators during his service from 1955 to 1967, and discusses early environmental legislation
to preserve the mountain lionand sea otter, encourage scenic highways, coordinate state planning, and preserve Monterey Bay
and Lake Tahoe; his support for legislation to outlaw the death penalty during the Caryl Chessman case; and legislation to
aid agricultural workers and fishermen. He outlines his work as coordinator for highway beautification in the Lyndon Johnson
administration and as a member of the State Coastal Commission, 1972-1979.

Feigenbaum discusses the years before and after the 1929 Crash. When he became a major architect in revising the tax structure
to institute a sales tax and an income tax in 1933. It was also here that he first became acquainted with Alameda County District
Attorney Earl Warren. Warren, as the leading advocate of law enforcement legislation promulgated by the peace officers and
attorney's associations, appeared before the Assembly Committee on Criminal Procedure, on which Feigenbaum sat. In addition
to his presence in Earl Warren's campaigns and on delegations to Republican national conventions, Feigenbaum served as an
unpaid budget specialist and legislative liaison for a few months in 1945 when Governor Warren was bedeviled to spend the
wartime reserve and raise taxes. At least for that session, Warren won his fight to prevent large scale subsidies to cities
and counties, and the legislature authorized interim committees of both houses to study local tax structures with special
attention to state income.

Fenlon discusses her training in clinical medicine in the 1940s and her many years of activity in public affairs with the
San Francisco Medical Society and CMA. Focus is on development of Medicaid (1965) and Medi-Cal (1966) legislation and regulations
on health care for the poor, and subsequent controversies between the medical profession and the California Dept. of Health
Care Services.

Finch discusses how he gave Reagan input on what was happening in the party, politics, and especially in the legislature during
their weekly luncheons. They discussed and agreed upon political strategy, and they established a major role for the lieutenant
governor in expediting passage of the governor's legislative agenda. In addition, Finch served as a spokesman for Reagan policies
in numerous speeches around the state and in his capacity as a member of numerous boards and commissions. It is in this regard
that Finch details the origins and implementations of Reagan administration programs on the budget, mental health, welfare
reform, health care, minorities, jobs, the environment, and intergovernmental relations. Reagan's approach to educational
issues received a lot of attention in the interviews: the budget, tuition, the free speech movement and campus disturbances,
and the removal of Chancellor Clark Kerr by the University of California Board of Regents.

Finks discusses in detail his role on the legislative committee of the California Labor Federation. He talks about how he
and fellow committeemen worked with legislators and Governor Knight to get bills passed that the federation supported. He
also comments on Governor Knight's experiences at the 1956 Republican national convention held in San Francisco and the "Big
Switch" in 1958 when he ran for U.S. Senator.

Fisher describes his view of the Democratic party in California in the 1950s and his own role in it. He also gives his personal
survey of the Caryl Chessman case of 1960 from the perspective of a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee; of the 1960
senate reapportionment scene as a senator from San Diego; and of, the 1959-1960 chapter of the turmoil surrounding the California
Water Plan.

FitzRandolph discusses his experience as staff attorney to the California Constitution Revision Commission and as chief consultant
to the California State Assembly Democratic party caucus. He provides detail about his service on the staff of Assembly Speaker
Robert Moretti and as a staffer for United States Senator John V. Tunney.

Fleury discusses his campaign in 1948 and his role in the legislature. Topics include the speakership, changes in legislative
process, responsibilities to constituency, Long Beach tidelands oil issue, unemployment insurance fraud, workers' benefits,
and lobbyists.

Flournoy discusses his background and education, California politics with an emphasis on the Republican Party, his career
as a member of the State Assembly, his campaign for State Controller and his eight-year tenure in office, the 1974 gubernatorial
campaign in which he was narrowly defeated by Edmund G. Brown, Jr.

Forbes, William E. OH 92-20

Oral History Interview with William E. Forbes. (1990). Regent, University of California, 1959-1961, 1962-1977.

Additional Note

Forbes discusses his involvement, then presidency, of the UCLA Alumni Association leading to his ex-officio regency, appointment
to a full sixteen-year term on the Board of Regents, and numerous policy areas before the board during his tenure, including
vigorous campus expansion, student dissent, curriculum development, and systemwide leadership.

Gallagher, Marguerite OH W-25

"Administrative Procedures in Earl Warren's Office, 1938-1953,"
The Governor and the Public, the Press, and the Legislature. (1972). Administrative Assistant.

Additional Note

Gallagher discusses the changes that occurred inside the attorney general's office before and after Earl Warren assumed that
office in 1938. She also discusses taking charge of processing the growing volume of correspondence from the public dealing
with Warren's legislative proposals, and her role as the California delegation's Girl Friday in the Republican conventions,
in presidential campaigns, and in the gubernatorial contests.

Garcia discusses his early life in Mexico and Los Angeles, education through law school, legal work defending individuals
subjected to police abuse, and details his activities--and those of many others--in Chicanos for Fair Representation leading
up to the reapportionment of electoral districts in California based on 1970 and 1980 census counts, respectively. At the
time of the interview he was an attorney in private practice.

Garrigus discusses his family background in Illinois, migration first to Oregon and later to California, campaigning for a
state assembly seat; major education, water, agriculture, health, and civil rights issues and legislation; the legislative
and executive leadership of Jesse M. Unruh and Edmund G. Brown, Sr.; California politics in the 1950s and 1960s, the Brown-era
"responsible liberalism," one man, one vote; and the relationship between poetry and politics.

Gianelli, William R. OH R-7

The California State Department of Water Resources, 1967-1973. (1985). Director, 1967-1973.

Additional Note

Gianelli played a key departmental role in helping Director Harvey Banks and Deputy Director Ralph Brody move the Burns-Porter
Act through the legislature. He accepted Governor Reagan's bid to direct the Department of Water Resources and complete the
State Water Project. He now confronted one of the major challenges of his career. He discusses how he successfully overcame
the financial and political hurdles which lay in the way and completed what is sometimes labeled Phase I of the project. President
Reagan in 1981 appointed him Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works, responsible for overseeing the civil works programs
for water resources of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. He contrasts his successful state and frustrating federal government
experiences in formulating and carrying out water policy objectives.

Gibson discusses administrative reforms he introduced, based on his business and legal experience. During the 1950s and 1960s,
Gibson's insistence on improvements in procedures for judicial qualifications review, assignment of judges, and getting cases
through the courts are credited by knowledgeable observers with setting standards for the nation.

Between 1967 and 1971, Gillenwaters acted as Governor Reagan's liaison in Washington, D.C. After returning to Sacramento,
Gillenwaters assisted Reagan in intergovernmental affairs and, in 1970, was a liaison between the governor's office staff
and the staff heading the re-election campaign. Reagan appointed him director of the revitalized Dept. of Commerce in 1971
to bring development of the space shuttle to California. Gillenwaters relates the chronology of this campaign and shows how
it complemented other activities within the department on behalf of the California economy.

Gleason discusses Dept. of Social Welfare directors and organization from 1937 to 1970: administrative style and legislative
programs of governors of the period; state Health and Welfare Agency organization and administrators; and development of principal
legislation for public assistance and welfare services programs, including the 1971 Welfare Reform Act.

Goldberg handled
Ivanhoe Irrigation District v.
McCracken and
Rank v.
Krug, both landmark cases which were taken to the U.S. Supreme Court, and were decided in favor of the state. These defined the
authority of the federal government in California's Central Valley Project. After passage of the California Water bond measure,
Proposition I, in 1960, he was responsible for three cases which went to the state supreme court:
Metropolitan Water district v.
Marquardt,
Warne v.
Harkness, and
California Water Resources Development Finance Committee v.
Betts. Favorable court decisions in these crucial cases permitted the Dept. of Water Resources to carry forward its plans to construct
and finance the State Water Project.

Grant, Allan OH 92-4

Oral History Interview with Allan Grant. (1991). Regent, University of California, 1967-1974.

Additional Note

Grant discusses his background, entry into farming, involvement in community organizations in Tulare County, California, leadership
positions in county, state, and national Farm Bureau Federations, and comments extensively on his eight-year term as a member
of the University of California Board of Regents.

Graves, Richard Perrin OH W-48

Theoretician, Advocate and Candidate in California State Government. (1971).

Additional Note

Graves was a member of the first generation of professionally trained public administrators when he was assigned to District
Attorney Earl Warren to assist in preparing a handbook on the administration of justice. He became executive of the League
of California Cities, developing it into a highly effective advocate organization for which he was the spokesman, and one
of the people with whom Governor Warren discussed ideas on program and tested their acceptability; he was also successful
in encouraging the state senate to accept many of his approaches to emerging urban issues. As head of civil defense in 1940,
Graves was a catalyst in Warren's decision to challenge Culbert Olson for the governorship.

Greenaway discusses Democratic politics from 1950 to 1968, including the Stevenson-Kefauver and Kennedy-Johnson presidential
races, the senate campaigns of Clair Engle, Pierre Salinger, and Alan Cranston. He focuses on California: the evolution of
the California Democratic Council (CDC); California elected officials - Pat Brown, Jesse Unruh, and William F. Knowland; the
United Farm Workers and Cesar Chavez.

Gregorio discusses his youth, education, family background, and early career before his upset election to the senate in 1970;
his interest in the political process in the legislature and his efforts to reform the process with bills on open budget committee
meetings, reform of the reapportionment process, limitation of legislator's terms, campaign and election reforms; his work
on youth-oriented issues, environmental legislation, the Joint Legislative Committee on the Arts; his efforts to tax liquor
to fund alcoholism rehabilitation programs; his work as chairman of the Health and Welfare Committee and the reorganization
of Dept. of Health. He offers observations on legislative relations with Governors Ronald Reagan and Edmund G. Brown, Jr.,
and discusses his narrow election loss in 1978 and his subsequent career as a San Mateo County supervisor and a mediator in
private practice.

Groff, Ellis J. OH W-7

"Some Details of Public Revenue and Expenditure in the 1940s,"
California State Finance in the 1940s. (1972). Principal Budget Analyst, Dept. of Finance, Division of Budgets and Accounts, 1946-1950.

Additional Note

Groff recounts the difficulties of coping with state finances during the years of the Great Depression. He then goes on to
detail, budget by budget, the growth during Earl Warren's governorship of state expenditures and some of the technological
and administrative changes they entailed, including descriptions of the major special funds and their rationales. Particularly
interesting are his comments on interaction between the finance dept. and the legislature, as the senate and assembly increased
their own administrative staffs.

Grossman places the case in the context of tensions on the waterfront that culminated in the 1936-1937 strike between employers,
who wanted to destroy the unions, and labor, which was only newly organized. He assesses the defendants and comments on the
effect that prison had on them. He discusses conditions aboard ships and the union's normal means of handling disputes. He
describes the strategy and events of the courtroom battles, the 1939 Bridges deportation hearing, and the Julia Vickerson
matter.

Groves was personal secretary for Goodwin Knight actually from 1952 through 1958, a period which also included Knight's last
year as lieutenant governor under Earl Warren. She discusses her duties and how she had assisted Knight on a daily basis.

Guggenheim, Charles OH KB-20

"The Use of Film in Political Campaigning,"
Pat Brown: Friends and Campaigners. (1977). Producer.

Additional Note

Guggenheim provides a glimpse of the art of political campaign filmmaking. He also comments on the problems evident in Brown's
ill-fated 1966 campaign for a third term as governor of California.

Gunterman, Joseph F. OH R-23

"Sacramento Advocate for the Friends Committee on Legislation of California,"
Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice in California, 1966-1976. (1983).

Additional Note

Gunterman discusses the efforts to abolish the death penalty, to establish fair housing firmly in the law, to create decent
working conditions for the state's farm laborers, to fund a free lunch program for elementary school children from low income
families, to broaden the rights of prison inmates, and even to convert the technology used in the manufacture of military
weapons in California to nonmilitary purposes. Gunterman analyzes his approach to legislative advocacy.

Abstracts: H-P

Haas discusses his family and educational background, early journalism career in Los Angeles, brief stint with the Western
Beet Sugar Producers in Denver, work with Governor Edmund G. Brown, Sr., as communications director or press secretary in
several critical statewide campaigns in the 1960s and 1970s, and continuing work with U.S. Senator Alan Cranston as policy
analyst, press secretary, and speechwriter.

Habecker discusses the relationship the governor had with his constituents, with reference to the personal styles of the individual
governors, the character of the request they had to deal with, and the shift in the balance of access versus security against
a backdrop of increasing citizen advocacy and social protest.

Haerle discusses Reagan's approach to judicial appointments, his own work in selecting delegates for Reagan's informal bid
for the presidency at the 1968 Republican national convention. He also discusses his work as secretary for the state central
committee between 1969 and 1973 and his chairmanship of the northern California segment of Reagan's re-election campaign in
1970.

Hagerty was a liaison between President Eisenhower and the press. He was also a member of Eisenhower's staff during the Republican
Convention in Chicago in 1952. From the latter vantage point he was aware of the movements within California's Earl Warren
delegation and now confirms the swing of that group from steadfastly Warren to mostly Eisenhower. He also attests to the importance
of the pre-convention credentials fight between rival delegations from Texas in which the vote of the large Warren delegation
played a decisive role in seating the pro-Eisenhower delegations and thereby gave Eisenhower a majority on the first ballot.
In addition, Hagerty was press representative during the convention and campaign of 1948 in which Earl Warren was Thomas E.
Dewey's running mate.

Haggerty comments on the major labor issues of the Earl Warren period which were the legality of secondary boycott, the jurisdictional
strike, the closed shop, and the progressive development of unemployment insurance, workmen's compensation, and protective
legislation.

Haldeman, H.R. OH 92-6

Oral History Interview with H.R. Haldeman. (1991). Regent, University of California, 1965-1967, 1968.

Additional Note

Haldeman discusses his involvement in, then presidency of, the UCLA alumni Association leading to his ex officio regent's
appointment to a full term on the Board of Regents, origins and development of the UCLA Foundatiion, and business before the
regents during his ex officio regency and during his brief stint on the board in 1969.

Hale, Mildred OH W-19

"Schools, the PTA, and the State Board of Education,"
Earl Warren: Views and Episodes. (1970).

Additional Note

Hale discusses the problems of education in California in the '40s and '50s. Hale was on the San Diego Board of Education
for twenty-five years, was president of the California Congress of Parents and Teachers and served from 1943-55 as a Warren
nominee to the State Board of Education.

Hall's discussion of his experiences in state government provides valuable insights into organizational methods and the nature
of staff work. He also explores some frustrations he encountered in dealing with the governor's office and the Dept. of Finance
within the agency-cabinet management method developed by the Reagan administration.

In addition to the duties involving the state's budgets, Hall was the administration's leading expert on public school finance.
He presided as Reagan's primary liaison with the legislature during the protracted efforts to pass a major property tax relief
and school finance bill, which was enacted as S.B. 90 in 1972. His description of the building of the coalition to support
passage of S.B. 90 is critical as it sheds new light on how Robert Moretti and Governor Reagan worked out acceptable compromises
regarding the various final provisions of this bill. These provisions included property tax benefits, a renters' tax credit,
inventory tax relief, open space reimbursements, new school funds, funding for Superintendent of Public Instruction Wilson
Riles' Early Childhood Education program, and special urban school assistance.

Hamlin, Oliver D. OH W-43

"Reminiscences About the Alameda County District Attorney's Office in the 1920s and 30s,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. I. (1970).

Additional Note

Hamlin discusses the Alameda County District Attorney's Office in the 1920s and 1930s, and his friendship with Earl Warren.
As a long-time observer of the Alameda County political scene, he comments on the struggle in the board of supervisors over
Warren's appointment as district attorney in 1925.

Hamm discusses his work at the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (1969-1977) and as California legislative analyst, including
references to Model Cities, other housing programs; sunshine, zero-based, and program planning budget systems; need for long-term
strategic fiscal studies as well as current budget analyses; government spending limits and accountability; work with California
Joint Legislative Budget Committee, Department of Finance; issues concerning prison facilities, school funding, and long-term
care.

Hannaford, Peter OH R-16

"Expanding Political Horizons,"
The Governor's Office and Public Information, Education, and Planning, 1967-1974. (1982).

Additional Note

Hannaford discusses the smooth-running operation the Reagan team had achieved in their last year in the governor's office.
He also provides commentary on some realities and practicalities of local politics and a sense of the camaraderie among the
able people close to Reagan in the 1970s, many of whom continued to play key roles in his presidency. In 1973, Hannaford became
northern field coordinator for the special election campaign for Reagan's tax-limitation initiative Proposition 1.

Hardy discusses the theory, background, and realities of the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s redistricting in California, the creation
and division of districts, his involvement with California legislators and congressional representatives, and the complex
relationship of the congressional and state legislature redistricting. He also discusses his relationship with and the tactics
of Phillip Burton and Jesse Unruh.

In joining the defense, Harris was the only attorney not already associated with the defense of San Francisco's militant labor
leaders. He comments insightfully on the other defense attorneys, the prosecution team, and the defendants.

This combined interview with Chickering and Hawkins describes the period when the state's anti-poverty programs were being
challenged by the governor's office, and program negotiations with the federal government were intense. The discussions include
Hawkins' later work as chairman of Reagan's local government task force, and policymaking in the governor's office in general.

Hayes, James A. OH 91-3

Oral History Interview with James A. Hayes. (1990). Los Angeles County Supervisor, 1972-1979; Assembly Member, 1967-1972; Vice Mayor, City of Long Beach, 1963-1966.

Additional Note

Hayes discusses his background and early years in Fowler, California, education through law school, early employment in radio
broadcasting and subsequent legal practice, and service as a member of the Long Beach City Council, California State Assembly,
and the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors. At the time of the interview he was an attorney in private practice and a
governmental consultant in Rolling Hills, California.

In 1941, months before the attack on Pearl Harbor, District Attorney Heckendorf organized state law enforcement district III
(Santa Barbara and vicinity) for Attorney General Earl Warren's conference on civil preparedness. Afterwards, Heckendorf assisted
in the statewide program to prepare county-by-county maps of the pre-evacuation locations of Japanese Americans.

Hederman, Albert E., Jr. OH W-45

"From Office Boy to Assistant District Attorney,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. III. (1972).

Additional Note

Hederman comments on staff training and criminal procedure in the 1940s and '50s. He notes that although such rulings as
Mapp and
Cahan had not yet been handed down by the courts on search and seizure, the Alameda County District Attorney's Office was known
for its integrity and fairness in gathering evidence and handling suspects. Hederman recalls particularly his work on the
Patten case, a large fraud and theft case which took over a year to prepare.

Heide, Paul OH W-34

"A Warehouseman's Reminiscences,"
Labor Looks at Earl Warren. (1969).

Additional Note

Heide helped organize the International Longshoreman's and Warehouseman's Union during the 1934 strike. He discusses the physical
effort of "high-piling" 100-pound sugar sacks, and the espionage activities of management's Industrial Association, touching
on the complexities of later mechanization and modernization agreements. He stresses the anti-union pattern of Alameda County
governmental actions, aided by the Oakland
Tribune, in dodging bringing pickets to trial at a time when anti-picketing statutes had become unconstitutional due to a state supreme
court victory.

Heinrichs, Beverly OH W-44

"Reminiscences of a Secretary in the District Attorney's Office,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. II. (1972).

Additional Note

Although only in the district attorney's office for one year, Heinrichs gives a broad picture of the duties of the secretaries
and of how the office functioned generally.

Heine discusses her work as executive director of the commission during the administration of Governor Ronald Reagan. It is
an important commentary on establishing credibility for the newly formed commission in the early years of the women's movement.
She also discusses educating themselves and the legislature about non-controversial issues such as women in the work force,
and achieving permanent status for the commission in 1971.

Henderson, Betty Foot OH W-51

"Secretary to Two Warrens,"
The Warrens: Four Personal Views. (1973).

Additional Note

Henderson became a secretary in Governor Earl Warren's office in 1944; in 1948 she was asked to go to the mansion as Mrs.
Warren's personal secretary. Her experiences, therefore, have a value for two contexts: the operations of the governor's office,
especially the governor's council meetings; and the more personal tasks as partner-in-correspondence with Mrs. Warren, from
which vantage point the dynamics of family life and the outlook of the parents and children were especially brought to bear
on Honeybear's poliomyelitis crisis in 1950.

Henley, Ruth Smith and Maryann Ashe OH W-20

"Earl Warren's Bakersfield,"
Earl Warren's Bakersfield. (1969).

Additional Note

Henley and Ashe describe their school days in Bakersfield as Earl Warren's classmates.

Henson discusses Democratic party politics in Ventura County and his two election campaigns for the Assembly. He talks about
the speakership of Jesse M. Unruh and the activities of lobbyists. During this period Ventura County experienced a flurry
of activity in homebuilding, and Henson carried a number of bills dealing with problems with contractors. He discusses other
legislation he carried. Various facets of CDC activity is covered.

Higgs, DeWitt A. OH 92-3

Oral History Interview with DeWitt A. Higgs. (1991). Regent, University of California, 1966-1982.

Additional Note

Higgs discusses his family background, education, entrance into and development of his law practice and firm, and appointment
to the University of California Board of Regents, focusing on numerous policy issues that came before the Board during his
tenure from 1966-1982: campus expansion, student dissent, administrative leadership, with particular attention to the University
of California, San Diego.

Hill, Gladwin OH 88-6

Oral History Interview with Gladwin Hill. (1987). Journalist.

Additional Note

Hill discusses his family background, education, early work experiences related to journalism, experiences as an Associated
Press correspondent in Europe during World War II, over two decades as the
New York Times Los Angeles bureau chief covering western states and California politics and government. He comments on contemporary environmental
and development issues in California, and elaborates upon major themes appearing in
Dancing Bear and
Madman in a Lifeboat.

Holen discusses his family background, education, early involvement in political activities, origin and development of his
long friendship with Jesse M. Unruh, working with Unruh on various legislation after accompanying the newly-elected assemblyman
to Sacramento in 1959, and comments on many legislative leaders and members as well as Governor Edmund G. Brown, Sr.

Holton discusses his contributions to the establishment of the California Youth Authority and as its first director. The central
portion of this memoir covers the legislative and administrative changes that were required to bring into being a modern human
program, begun under Governor Olson but given steady encouragement and generous founding under Governor Warren. Holton's observations
continues with Warren's use of his cabinet of department heads to maintain open communication and growing operating effectiveness,
some information on services of the Dept. of Mental Hygiene which had operated the few youth facilities prior to 1946.

Hotchkis, Preston, Sr. OH KB-19

One Man's Dynamic Role in California Politics and Water Development, and World Affairs. (1977, 1978, 1979).

Additional Note

In the 1940s and 1950s Hotchkis was deeply involved in several campaigns of Earl Warren both for governor and president, a
background which enabled him to provide a candid portrayal of the dynamics of political fund raising. He draws interesting
contrasts between Earl Warren and Goodwin Knight, and commented on several aspects of the controversial 1958 gubernatorial
campaign in California. In addition, as he examines thoroughly the career of Richard Nixon and his own role in that career,
he contrasts Mr. Nixon with Ronald Reagan, a newcomer to the Republican party scene in the 1960s. Hotchkis discusses his long
involvement with California water issues and controversies.

Houghton gives a detailed, inside look at the California Dept. of Justice's Division of Law Enforcement as it operated with
Houghton as director and Evelle Younger as attorney general. He discusses the professionalization and modernization of the
division and the coordination of different elements within the California law enforcement system, especially as they affected
police work in local communities as well as on the statewide level.

Huerta discusses his family background and education, employment in Peru, Santa Maria Valley, California; University of California,
Davis; and as deputy assistant United States attorney general for civil rights in the James E. Carter administration, as executive
director of the Southern California office of the Mexican-American Legal Defense Fund, and as general counsel for Californios
for Fair Representation, and comments extensively on reapportionment and Mexican-Americans in the city and county of Los Angeles
and in California for assembly, senate, and the U.S. Congress.

Huff discusses the history, organization and operations of the California Franchise Tax Board during his years as executive
officer (1963-1979), including collection of personal income and business taxes, unitary system of corporate taxation, relations
with supervisory board, other state and federal fiscal agencies.

Hume, Jaquelin OH R-39

"Basic Economics and the Body Politic: Views of a Northern California Reagan Loyalist,"
Republican Philosophy and Party Activism. (1982).

Additional Note

Hume discusses his work with the Reagan 1966 gubernatorial campaign, and the transition period of Reagan's governorship through
1967, and elucidates his philosophy of the party and party adherents in action; and the need for efficiency in state government
overall and adequate personnel to insure that efficiency. In his observations on California political campaigns and elections,
Hume presents the critical theme of local involvement and volunteer organization to supplement the formal party structure.

Bell discusses her meeting Dr. Aaron Rosanoff, while she was a medical student in the 30s, who introduced her to his efforts
to broaden the traditional one-to-one model of psychiatric care as an alternative to hospitalization of the mentally ill.
She also describes the passage of the National Mental Health Act of 1946, which gave impetus to the long range programs of
improving state services undertaken by Governor Warren, first in corrections and public health and then in mental health.
She details her appointment by Tallman to the new post of director of community services and several years of work with local
communities discovering their needs, establishing extensive personnel training programs, and developing a working advisory
group to develop political support. This groundwork culminated in the passage of the Short-Doyle Act in 1957, which authorized
state reimbursement to cities and counties which undertook to provide their citizens with mental health information, education,
outpatient, inpatient and/or rehabilitation services. She talks of the accomplishments of ten years of the local programs,
and comments on later legislative developments which considerably altered the original program.

Huntington, Emily H. OH W-8

A Career in Consumer Economics and Social Insurance. (1969-1970). Program Advisory Committee to the Consumer Counsel, 1961.

Additional Note

Huntington discusses her long fight for sound social insurance policies at the state and federal levels.

Jahnsen, Oscar J. OH W-24

Enforcing the Law Against Gambling, Bootlegging, Graft, Fraud, and Subversion, 1922-1942. (1970).

Additional Note

As a Prohibition agent, tracking down bootleggers, rum runners, and smugglers, Jahnsen first became acquainted with Earl Warren,
then vigorously enforcing the Prohibition laws as district attorney of Alameda County. Warren provided Jahnsen and his colleagues
with office space in the DA's suite of offices, and the two offices collaborated closely. Jahnsen describes Warren's efforts
to uphold Prohibition and the standards of evidence then acceptable in state and federal courts. Jahnsen also discusses Japanese-American
relocation during World War II. He describes the efforts by county officials, acting on requests from the attorney general,
to plot Japanese landholdings on county maps. From this and related evidence Warren concluded that the Japanese constituted
a danger, and recommended to the Tolan Committee that they be removed. Jahnsen himself played a role in enforcing Executive
Order 9066.

Jenkins, James E. OH R-19

"Public Affairs, Welfare Concerns in Washington and Sacramento,"
Internal and External Operations of the California Governor's Office, 1966-1974. (1983). Assistant to the Governor and Director of Public Affairs, 1971-1974.

Additional Note

Jenkins discusses how in 1969 the Family Assistance Plan to federalize welfare programs was introduced. After calling attention
to contradictions between FAP and Reagan's philosophy, Jenkins soon became the "team leader" for the governor's efforts to
prevent FAP from being enacted.

Jensen, Lowell OH W-45

"Reflections of the Alameda County District Attorney,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. III. (1972).

Additional Note

Jensen notes that it was during Warren's tenure of office, efforts were made to ensure that the office reflects the range
of ethnic and other groups in the community. He discusses the departmentalization of staff instituted by Warren, and the increasing
specialization of staff since then. Jensen explains the valuable function that inspectors serve in reworking cases for trial
and in original investigations. He then discusses problems and possibilities associated with the use of the grand jury. Jensen
assesses Warren as district attorney and as Chief Justice.

Jervis discusses political campaigning and press relations for Senate Majority Leader George Moscone and Controller Kenneth
Cory, service on several state boards as a representative of the controller, the duties and special concerns of Cory, and
the Senate Democratic Caucus under Senator John Dunlap.

Jester, Lloyd OH W-44

"Reminiscences of an Inspector in the District Attorney's Office,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. II. (1970).

Additional Note

When Prohibition was repealed, Jester was asked to join Warren's new investigative staff. He describes how the district attorney's
office was organized, noting several of Warren's innovations. Jester comments on the organization and administration of the
Dept. of Inspectors and the close cooperation that existed between the deputy district attorneys and the inspectors. His comments
shed light on procedures of criminal investigation acceptable in the 1930s.

Knowland discusses the 1952 convention and the presidency, the decision to run for governor, the 1958 campaign and the issues,
giving Oakland leadership, Richard M. Nixon, and supporters and friends.

Johnson, Estelle Knowland OH KB-23

"My Father as Senator, Campaigner, and Civic Leader,"
Remembering William F. Knowland. (1979).

Additional Note

Johnson discusses the 1952 election, the 1957 decision not to run again for the senate, the 1958 campaign for governor, Knowland's
relationship with Nixon, Knight, and Warren; Asia interests, the 1956 Republican convention, work with Oakland the California
Republican Party from 1958 to 1974, and major contributions to California.

Johnson discusses his career as California state assemblyman 1935-46 and Republican party activities 1932-66, including Alameda
County politics, legislative friction with Governors Culbert Olson and Earl Warren, criminal justice and penal reform, Youth
Authority, lobbying, World War II postwar employment and public works planning studies and legislation, state tax legislation;
election campaigns 1934, 1942, 1952-64, including Republican national conventions.

Kehoe acted as consultant on educational issues for Governor Reagan. He worked on several task forces, including the State
Board of Education's Task Force on Moral Guidelines (1969-1970), the governor's Commission on Educational Reform (1970-1971),
and the Tax Reduction Task Force (1973). The task forces play a role in developing options for policy and legislation, and
show Reagan's style of governing. As Reagan's legislative assistant, he worked on some of the major issues for this period:
public school finance, withholding, and welfare reform. Kehoe took over as director of the Dept. of Consumer Affairs in 1972.
He considers his term as fence-mending among the bureaus and commissions, as well as coordinating consumer information, and
advancing consumer protection in limited areas.

Kenny was the only Democrat elected to statewide office in the 1940s, for one term (1942-1946) and for an office that was
nonpartisan. Nevertheless, he was the de facto leader of the small group of Democrats who selected candidates, plotted strategy,
and confronted Warren's superior campaign funding and heavy bipartisan popularity.

Kent, Roger OH KB-2

Building the Democratic Party in California, 1954-1966. (1976, 1977).

Additional Note

Kent became head of the northern California Democrats when he became vice chairman of the Democratic State Central Committee
(DSCC) in 1954. He became statewide head in 1956 when he assumed chairmanship of the Democratic State Central Committee. The
sessions show how Kent accepted the challenge to rebuild the Democratic party and what he and others of both parties did during
the years of Kent's most active involvement.

Kent discusses his experiences with District Attorney Warren; Kent as an unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Congress in
1948 and 1950; and his initial years as chairman of the Democratic party from Northern California, 1954 to 1965.

The loyalty oath was introduced by University President Gordon Sproul to forestall efforts by the state legislature to institute
more severe measures to curb real or imagined subversion on campus. Kerr describes the attempts of the Committee on Privilege
and Tenure of the northern section of the Academic Senate to reduce the devastating impact of the oath by holding hearings
with the thirty-two faculty members who had refused to sign the oath and recommending that they not be fired. Despite Kerr's
pleas to the regents, however, the board voted in August 1950 to dismiss the non-signing professors. As chancellor at Berkeley,
Kerr fought successfully (with the help of a California Supreme Court decision) to have the professors reinstated and paid
their lost salaries. The Free Speech Movement, which began in the fall of 1964, originated in overwhelming student protest
of the September 14 order from the dean of students barring political activity and protest from a twenty-six foot wide strip
of sidewalk at Bancroft and Telegraph. Kerr relates the complex series of events and personalities that led to the order.

Killion was interviewed in order to document the transition from Culbert Olson's administration to Earl Warren's leadership.
Killion supervised the preparation of the biennial state budget presented by Warren only days after being sworn in as governor
of California in 1943.

King, Warren OH R-32

"Governor Reagan's Use of Task Forces and Loaned Executives, 1966-1968,"
Organizational and Fiscal Views of the Reagan Administration. (1982).

Additional Note

King discusses the Governor's Survey on Efficiency and Cost Control task force was a new idea for bringing business-sector
expertise to bear on public administration when governor-elect Reagan encountered it at the National Governors Conference
in 1966. Task force teams fanned out through all departments of state government to observe, query, and draw up over 2,000
recommendations. Many recommendations could be then implemented administratively.

Kingman was executive secretary of the Pacific Coast Committee on American Principles and Fair Play. This was a group of prominent
Californians who organized in the middle of 1941 to act as a counter-pressure group to various anti-Japanese hate groups.
The committee did not publicly oppose the evacuation, but worked with government agencies to humanize the effects of it as
much as possible. It lobbied for actions such as the formation of the famous Nisei Regiment, the 442d, and for relocation
of Japanese-Americans out of the camps to other parts of the United States. Kingman worked full-time to try to change public
opinion; visited relocation centers and travelled throughout the U.S. on behalf of the constitutional rights of Japanese-Americans.

Kline joined Pat Brown's staff in 1960 serving in a number of capacities until 1966. He was the travel secretary during the
1962 campaign against Richard M. Nixon. Two other important assignments were directing Californians Against Proposition 14
(the fight to preserve fair housing), and heading the governor's Los Angeles office from 1964 to 1966, during which time the
Watts riot occurred.

Knight, Virginia OH KB-8

California's First Lady, 1954-1958. (1977, 1978).

Additional Note

The narrative provides a portrait of the courtship and marriage of Virginia Carlson and Goodwin Knight and their life in the
governor's mansion in Sacramento. She describes the increasing pressures from vice president Richard Nixon, Senator William
Knowland, and President Dwight Eisenhower that led to Knight agreeing to run for the Senate in 1958 so Knowland could run
for governor. She remembers the friends who turned out to help Goodie campaign. The interview continues with insights into
Knight's life after the governorship: broadcasting a news commentary program, organizing a bank, and being involved in various
charitable activities.

In the state chambers he fought for the institution of state income tax and sales tax, for a strong anti-lynching bill aimed
at the protection of Negroes, for initiating unemployment insurance, and for creation of a public utility for his home county.
In party activities he supported the formation of unifying coalitions and helped start the California Republican Assembly,
an effort to create a younger G.O.P. constituency that would provide new leadership for the problems of the thirties.

Kossen, Sydney OH KB-24

"Covering Goodwin Knight and the Legislature for the
San Francisco News, 1956-1958,"
Reporting From Sacramento. (1979).

Additional Note

Kossen assesses Knight's relationship with the legislature and his handling of controversial issues such as highways, water,
taxes and the budget, and various lobbying efforts.

Kragen discusses his work as deputy attorney general for tax matters under Earl Warren. He also discusses his work as legislative
representative for the motion picture and other industries. Serving as technical expert on tax matters and unemployment insurance
for employers, he continued to have contact with Warren as governor during years of some lively efforts to expand insurance
coverage for employees.

Although Kreiser had not been in Bakersfield when Earl Warren lived there, he came in contact with the family at the time
of the murder of Earl's father, Methias Warren, on May 15, 1938. Because the family had lived in relative obscurity until
the tragedy struck, Kreisler and Police Chief Robert Powers are probably the best trained observers to shed light on the family.

Kuchel discusses his administration of the controller's office which was marked by reorganization along more modern and efficient
lines; complex procedures which proved to be precedent-setting, as in making tax court opinions binding on future rulings
of the controller's office; and his adherence to the somewhat depoliticized procedure of appointing inheritance tax appraisers
through county panels.

Ladar was Jesse Steinhart's law partner. He discusses Steinhart's views on race relations as a part of his general concern
in civic affairs.

Lane, Melvin B. OH R-41

"The Role of the Chairman in Setting and Maintaining Goals,"
The San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission, 1964-1973. (1984). Chair, 1965-1973.

Additional Note

Lane describes how and why he developed his own style as chairman, how he worked with the large diversely representative board
of commissioners, with strong-willed developers and equally strong-willed conservationists, with members of the legislature,
and with representatives of Governors Brown and Reagan.

Water has always been in short supply in the hills around Los Angeles and Lanterman first went to the legislature to seek
amendment of the Metropolitan Water District Act to enable his unincorporated area to have access to Metropolitan Water District
water without being annexed into a municipality. He stayed to protest Governor Pat Brown's cost estimates for construction
of the California Water Plan and to challenge Bay Area objections to the Peripheral Canal plan to speed northern waters to
the thirsty south. He also was a vigorous spokesman for education and mental health, issues, like water, that seem never to
be fully resolved due to technical innovations, fiscal implications, and shifting public attitudes. He speaks freely of the
problems of the retarded and their families. He mentions briefly the landmark program he authored for regional centers for
lifetime care of the developmentally disabled. Having served as vice-chair of the Ways and Means Committee, he comments sharply
on the University of California budget and campus unrest in the 1960s.

Leake, Paul OH W-7

"Statement on the Board of Equalization,"
California State Finance in the 1940s. Journalist.

Additional Note

Leake declined to be interviewed but prepared a statement of his views on liquor regulations.

Leary, Mary Ellen OH KB-16

A Journalist's Perspective: Government and Politics in California and the Bay Area. (1979).

Additional Note

Leary discusses writing for newspapers, Harvard and the Nieman fellowship, the Olson era and its consequences, urban and regional
problems, power and influence in California politics, energy and economics, political parties and personalities.

Lee describes his role in the public health campaign for control of venereal disease, the founding of the American Social
Hygiene Association, and the leadership of Lawrence Arnstein. Pointing out that by the 1930s medical care for the first time
offered a possibility of benefit to the majority of the population, Lee discusses the major components of medical care in
America. He gives a brief history of early medical and hospital plans offered by church groups and employers, and points out
the relation of the 1930s depression to the movement for better care. Over the years, his concern has been for improvement
in the delivery of medical services. He notes that Warren's proposal for health insurance legislation was but one means of
achieving this.

Lemmon, Maryalice OH KB-15

"Working in the Governor's Office, 1950-1959,"
The Governor's Office Under Goodwin Knight. (1979).

Additional Note

In Governor Earl Warren's office Lemmon assisted Margaret Bryan in handling phone calls and daily appointments. During Goodwin
Knight's and Pat Brown's administrations, she was in charge of scheduling appointments and receiving phone calls for the governors.
She speaks about how staff members worked together to make the governor's office run smoothly.

Levit reflects on the immediacy of the task of preparing a budget in a few weeks time that would set the tone of the incoming
administration. Levit chaired a major study of state government organization, authorized by the legislature at the governor's
request. This study laid the basis for the agency plan of grouping related departments under a single administrator, which
has continued to have major implications for state operations into the 1980s.

Lincoln discusses issues he confronted, such as the loyalty oath controversy that raged between 1949 and 1952, the early fate
of the California Water Plan, and the "Big Switch" of 1958.

Links, Fred W. OH W-7

"An Overview of the Department of Finance,"
California State Finance in the 1940s. (1971). Assistant Director, 1950-1956; Chief, Division of Budgets and Accounts, 1939-1949.

Additional Note

Links discusses his 35-year career in the State Dept. of Finance, during which he observed and influenced the fiscal policies
of governors from Hiram Johnson through Goodwin Knight. Much of the interview concerns efforts to make the budget document
more complete, detailed and accurate, starting with a constitutional amendment passed in 1922.

Livermore reflects on his experiences, showing how he sought a balance between conflicting pressures from within and without
during his careers as packer, timberman, and state Resources secretary. He also comments on his experiences on the Reagan
transition team in Washington, D.C.

Livingston, Donald Glenn OH R-36

Program and Policy Development in Consumer Affairs and the Governor's Office. (1982-1984). Assistant to the Governor and Director of Programs and Policy, 1972-1974.

Additional Note

Livingston provides interesting comments on a number of major policy issues of 1972-1974, including several that did not turn
out well from Reagan's point of view. Among them are the bill creating an energy commission, the tax-limitation initiative
of 1973, and the education and local government task forces. The task forces presented the administration with the paradox
of suggesting reform efforts to local units of government, when Reagan's philosophy favored not telling cities and counties
what to do. The 1973 tax-limitation initiative Livingston and others felt was too complex as written to be understood by voters.
And the Energy Commission is termed a disaster because the legislation was implemented by the succeeding governor, Democrat
Jerry Brown.

Lowenstein discusses his family background, youthful years, and formal education through Harvard Law School, work with California
Rural Legal Assistance (1968-1971), stint as deputy secretary of state, background of campaign in support of Proposition 9
(Political Reform Act of 1974), and service as first chairman of the Fair Political Practices Commission, a period during
which the Commission's powers over disclosure and campaign financing were defined.

Lowrey discusses his service in the legislature, in particular, legislation passed in California concerning Japanese internment
during World War II, effort to remove influence of lobbyist Arthur H. Samish from the assembly and legislation concerning
agricultural, conservation, educational, and water policy issues.

Lowry discusses the interaction of his professional concerns for California's system of services for the mentally ill with
the efficiency and economy concepts of Ronald Reagan's gubernatorial administration. He comments on a number of critical issues
facing mental health services in the 1960s. Among them were the impact of federal funding, hospital staffing standards, patients
rights, substance abuse, and the response to citizen and legislative pressure for expanded services to the mentally retarded.

Lowry discusses the major trends and initiatives established during his tenure as director of the Dept. of Mental Hygiene.
He tells of efforts to expand local mental health services, the significant treatment shift begun nationally and in California
in the 1950s, and the role of volunteer mental health groups in creating legislative support for increased programs and budgets.

Lucas notes that rehabilitation was the beneficiary of sizable increases in federal funding. In California, this was often
directed toward vocational rehabilitation programs to enable handicapped persons to get off welfare rolls. Lucas describes
his department's ingenious efforts to coordinate the variety of public and private agencies providing service to the handicapped,
including community-based coordinating councils and cooperative efforts with schools, prisons, mental hospitals, and welfare
departments.

Luce, Gordon C. OH R-13

"A Banker's View of State Administration and Republican Politics,"
Governor Reagan and His Cabinet: An Introduction. (1981, 1983). Secretary for Business and Transportation, 1967-1969.

Additional Note

Luce provides an informative picture of the relationship between gaining acceptance for a political philosophy and the practical
aspects of putting it into action as experienced by one who worked with Ronald Reagan on his early campaigns and as a member
of his gubernatorial cabinet. When he arrived in Sacramento, Luce successfully urged that the reorganization plans under consideration
include combining business activities and transportation in one agency in order to consolidate and encourage interaction between
their functions. Once the agency was formed, Luce sought to balance the highway-dominated transportation program with a stronger
mass-transit program and increased environmental protection, for which he won the governor's support.

Luevano discusses his family background, education, and activities in East Los Angeles and post-secondary education, state
service as a consultant to the state assembly Committee on Ways and Means and as deputy director of the Dept. of Finance,
and federal service during the Lyndon B. Johnson administration. He provides insights into California's three branches of
government.

Lunardi discusses his family, early life, education, military service, business experience, election to and service on the
Roseville City Council, and the state legislature, his legislative district, and duties as a lobbyist for the California Wine
Institute. While in the assembly, He was chair of the Military and Veterans Affairs Committee, vice-chair of the Water Committee
and served on the Fish and Game, Public Utilities and Corporations, and Transportation and Commerce Committees. He sponsored
legislation that became the Williamson Act, preserving farm land in urban areas, and provided exemptions to the Buy-American
Act, and authored legislation creating the state park at Bodie. In the senate, he was vice-chair of the Fish and Game Committee
and served on the Institutions, Insurance and Financial Institutions, and Natural Resources Committees.

Lynch, Thomas C. OH KB-9

A Career in Politics and the Attorney General's Office. (1978). Attorney General, 1964-1970.

Additional Note

Lynch discusses the San Francisco district attorney's office, campaigns and politics in San Francisco in the 1940s, Pat Brown
as attorney general, the early campaigns for governor (1958 and 1962), 1960 and 1968 presidential campaigns, Lynch as attorney
general from 1964 to 1970, and 1960 campaign for the attorney general.

Lyon discusses Republican politics in southern California in the 1950s, his service in the assembly, procedures of lobbying,
comparison of lobbying on the national and state levels, campaign funds, and changes in lobbying in California after passage
of the Fair Political Practices Act in 1974.

McAlister discusses Democratic politics, legislative reform, the tax revolt in California in the 1970s, the United Farm Workers
Union, activities of the Finance and Insurance Committee, constitutional revision, and leadership in the assembly.

MacBride covers a wide range of political and governmental topics of his years in the California assembly: Democratic local,
state, and national campaigns; legislative organization, leadership, and negotiations on tidelands oil revenues, state employees,
budget and revenues, fish and game concerns, California Water Plan, death penalty, role of lobbyists, Sacramento constituents'
concerns; comments on Ralph Brown, Edmund G. Brown, Sr., Jesse Unruh, Caspar Weinberger, and other public figures.

McConnell recalls her own childhood in Davis and the San Joaquin Valley, marriage, years in Tuolumne County and Dr. McConnell's
part in having Columbia protected and recreated as part of the state park system, their associations with the Knowland family
and Earl Warren, and her own work with the Indians of Tuolumne County.

McCormac discusses the development of the "Werdel delegation," which contested the Earl Warren delegation in California's
1952 Republican presidential primary, how it polled nearly half as many votes as the Earl Warren delegation received in the
primary, and where he and other Republicans put their energies afterwards in the national scene of the mid-fifties.

McDowell, Jack S. OH R-38

"Press Work and Political Campaigns, 1966-1970,"
Republican Campaigns and Party Issues, 1964-1976. (1983).

Additional Note

McDowell discusses the experiences and observations of a professional journalist working with Ronald Reagan's campaigns in
California.

Although McGee headed the California corrections system from 1944 to 1967, discussion focuses on the years of the Warren administration.
McGee discusses his career; issues, problems, and events that he considered most relevant and crucial in corrections administration.

Mary MacGillivray discusses her background and education, as well as support for her husband, Don MacGillivray, during his
political career in Santa Barbara and Sacramento. She also comments on the PALS Club, Sacramento, and her work as a volunteer
at the Western White House.

W. Don MacGillivray discusses his background and education, reflects on his tenure as Santa Barbara city council member and
period as mayor, and provides information about issues and specific legislation while serving in the California State Assembly
from the Twenty-sixth district.

MacGregor, Helen R. OH W-9

A Career in Public Service with Earl Warren. (1969, 1971, 1972). Governor's Private Secretary, 1943-1953; Deputy Attorney General, 1939-1943.

Additional Note

MacGregor discusses her years as administrative secretary to Earl Warren from 1935 through 1953, spanning his career as Alameda
County district attorney, attorney general, and governor of California. She herself was particularly interested and involved
in prison reform, youth services and the influence of women's organizations. Not only did Warren make her his liaison with
the Youth Authority, he also appointed her to its policy board in 1953. She was subsequently appointed by Governor Brown to
the Advisory Committee on Children and Youth.

McKay discusses his background as lobbyist for the influential California Teachers Association, his advocation of a wide range
of public and higher education issues during the 1953-1961 era.

McMillan, Ernest and Manford Martin OH W-20

"On Methias Warren,"
Earl Warren's Bakersfield. (1970).

Additional Note

McMillan was the business manager for the loan firm of which Warren was president.

McNitt, Rollin Lee OH W-21

"A Democrat for Warren,"
Earl Warren's Campaigns, Vol. I. (1969).

Additional Note

McNitt was active in the Democratic party from the Roosevelt-Garner campaign to the mid-sixties. He campaigned for Earl Warren
in southern California in the 1938 state attorney general race, but could not be on the Warren team for the gubernatorial
contest in 1942 because McNitt had accepted an appointment from Governor Olson, the Democratic incumbent.

McWilliams appointment in 1938 to the post of director of California's Division of Immigration and Housing was part of a New
Deal election sweep that destroyed the conservative Republican majority in the state legislature and placed a liberal Democrat,
Culbert Olson, in the state house for the first time in the twentieth century. The division lay dormant until McWilliams saw
its potential in improving the lot of Dust Bowl migrant laborers. He immediately reactivated the division by inspecting farm
labor camps and utilizing a long-forgotten division power to hold public hearings. Other division responsibilities included
cooperation with the La Follette Committee in investigating conditions of migrant labor in California, assisting the Farm
Security Administration in labor camp inspection, and enforcing the modest provisions of the Labor Camp Act.

Magyar discusses the content and consequences of these task forces, how the committee functioned, and the role of key members
of the groups. He gives a vivid account of how task force members dealt with the ambitious scope of the project--to figure
out how to streamline government and eliminate overlap in the 420 cities, 58 counties and 1,000 special districts in the state.
The group was expected to deliver a blueprint for action in four months. Magyar describes how the committee and the administration
dealt with the conclusions of the task force, which essentially endorsed the status quo. He also comments on the Tax Reduction
Task Force and the tax reduction initiative it generated--Proposition 1.

Mailliard discusses his experiences as secretary to Governor Earl Warren (1949-51). He was also assistant director of the
California Youth Authority (1947), assistant to the director of the California Academy of Sciences (1951-52).

Manolis discusses the 1952 campaign, the California gubernatorial campaign, the right-to-work issue, state and national politics
from 1958 to 1966, relationship with Earl Warren, and major contributions.

Margolis, Larry OH 90-35

Oral History Interview with Larry Margolis. (1989). Chief Assistant to the Speaker of the Assembly, 1961-1965.

Additional Note

Margolis discusses staffing of the Assembly, various legislation such as the Rumford Act; political campaigning, the California
Democratic Council, governors and legislative leaders, especially Jesse Unruh.

Marinissen, Jan OH R-23

"'To Let the Legislature Know': Prison Advocacy and the American Friends Service Committee in California, 1960-1983,"
Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice in California, 1966-1976. (1983).

Additional Note

Marinissen's views on the California prison system offer a critical counterpoint to the prevailing attitudes regarding prisons
and prisoners in California during the 1960s and 1970s. Discussions highlight the AFSC's advocacy of changes in the state's
criminal justice system, and Marinissen's own ideas and perspectives on this advocacy.

Marshall explains her policies in managing the growth of the fund and the changes she effected. She discusses the impact of
the fund on financial markets and describes the installation of the high technology database system.

Martin, Jerry C. OH R-1

"Information and Policy Research for Ronald Reagan, 1969-1975,"
Appointments, Cabinet Management, and Policy Research for Governor Ronald Reagan, 1967-1974. (1981, 1982). Assistant to the Governor for Research and Information, 1970-1974.

Additional Note

Martin details his work as special assistant for research and information for Ronald Reagan in the governor's office. He describes
the process of assembling this material, of his working with Reagan on speeches and messages, and of the daily responsibilities
of the cabinet and other executive staff members. Notable issues which Martin had to deal with were administration's handling
of public education finance, welfare reform, and tax reduction. Martin assembled many of the short papers outlining Reagan's
position. Subsequent recommendations from the governor's task forces modified the administration's eventual position, which
in the case of welfare was embodied in legislation and in the case of taxes became the initiative campaign for tax limitation,
Proposition 1, in 1973.

Martin, Manford and Ernest McMillan OH W-20

"On Methias Warren,"
Earl Warren's Bakersfield. (1970).

Additional Note

Martin had been a postman in the vicinity of the Warren residence for many years.

Martinez discusses his early life and education in Los Angeles, service in the National Guard during the Watts revolt in 1965,
the growing involvement in activist organizations. The interview focuses particularly on Martinez's observations of the 1970
and 1980 California reapportionment efforts among Mexican Americans.

Unofficially known as senate parliamentarian, his expertise on governmental procedure and organization was actively sought
by other state agencies. He served on loan from the senate as auditor to the Board of Equalization in the mid-1930s, and later
moved to the Dept. of Motor Vehicles to become chief of the division of drivers' licenses where he streamlined the licensing
procedure. His contact with Goodwin Knight began when Knight ran for lieutenant governor in 1946. When Knight assumed the
governorship in 1953, he recruited Mason to become acting executive director of the governor's office. Mason soon became Knight's
trusted colleague and legislative secretary. His recollections of the gubernatorial campaigns of 1958 and 1962 should provide
the researcher with an intriguing profile of Knight and other statewide Republican leaders during that period of turmoil in
the party.

Meade's interview covers his 1968 and 1970 campaigns for the state legislature, getting oriented to the legislature, work
on the elections and reapportionment committee, 1972-73 reapportionment, criminal justice committee, capital punishment and
other criminal justice issues, and relationships between the speaker and the assembly.

Mellon reviews her family background and education. She speaks of her early involvement in Democratic party politics and her
eventual participation in the campaign of Edmund G. Brown, Jr. for governor as a resource and advisor on women's issues. She
relates how she came to be appointed as Appointments Secretary to the Governor and her experiences while she held that position.

Merrill discusses the American Public Health Association studies in 1943 and 1946 which provided the basis for extensive upgrading
and expansion of California's public health services. That was also the time of generous cooperation and support for the department
from the medical profession, the legislature, and federal funding agencies, as well as from Governor Earl Warren, who in his
first address to the legislature emphasized the state's responsibility for the health of its people.

Mespl, Frank OH KB-14

"From Clovis to the Capitol: Building a Career as a Legislative Liaison,"
The Governor's Office Under Edmund G. Brown, Sr.(1978). Legislative Secretary, 1964-1966; Secretary to Governor's Cabinet, 1963-1964; Research Secretary, 1961-1962.

Additional Note

Subjects covered include Mespl's personal history, the twists and turns of Democratic party politics in the Brown era and
the challenge to the rural-dominated senate through court-ordered reapportionment, the decision to terminate the bracero program,
the staffing of the governor's office, and the feuding between Governor Brown and Assembly Speaker Jess Unruh.

Miller discusses his family background, migration to California, education, service as State Registrar of Contractors during
the Culbert L. Olson administration, his law practice with Julian Beck and Parkes Stillwell, and career in the California
State Assembly, including such areas as legislative reform, leadership, partisanship, fundraising, electioneering, and tidelands
oil legislation.

Miller, Anita M. OH R-9

"'The Tide of the Times Was With Us': Women's Issues and the California Commission on the Status of Women,"
Citizen Advocacy Organizations, 1960-1975. (1984). Chair, 1972-1978.

Additional Note

Miller focuses on the coming of age of women's issues. She discusses the establishment of the commission and its careful work
with state legislators to ensure that the commission become a permanent governmental entity and that it have an adequate budget.
She also comments on the commission's continuing dialogue with Governor Ronald Reagan's office on recruiting and appointment
of qualified women.

Miller addresses Reagan's bills dealing with campus unrest, challenges to the powers of the Adult Authority in its administration
of the indeterminate sentence, and on the deliberations over the death penalty; all critical topics in the late 1960s. Miller
notes the consideration of the Medi-Cal and welfare legislation passed in 1971 which he characterized as tightening up loopholes
in the administration of these programs. In terms of more strictly political party matters, Miller remembers the development
of the black caucus in the assembly, his own election as minority leader there in 1970, and Willie L. Brown, Jr.'s first try
for the assembly speakership in 1973.

Together with Henry Salvatori, Holmes Tuttle, and A.C. Rubel, they formed the Friends of Ronald Reagan in 1965. This small
group convinced Reagan to consider becoming a candidate for governor and did much of the early fund raising and exploring
for political support which made his candidacy possible. He was also active in state right-to-work issues.

Mills, a Democratic young Turk in the California assembly and later president pro tempore of the state senate, gives a succinct
account of the legislature's efforts to strengthen its role in shaping state policy in the 1960s and 1970s and of the legislative
leadership's interaction with governors Pat Brown and Ronald Reagan.

Molina describes her family background, education, and development as a Chicana activist and feminist. She discusses her successful
campaign for a seat in the California State Assembly and her primary legislative interests and activities, and details Chicano
politics in Los Angeles. In the interview all stages of her political and public career are covered.

Monagan, Robert T. OH R-3

"Increasing Republican Influence in the State Assembly,"
The Assembly, the State Senate, and the Governor's Office, 1958-1974. (1981). Assembly Member, 1961-1973; Speaker, 1969-1970.

Additional Note

During his early years in the assembly, he and his fellow young Turks were active in the Republicans' California Plan to elect
more members of their party to office. The goal was to gain control by 1970 so that Republicans would shape the coming legislative
reapportionment. Although they won a majority of assembly seats in 1969 and elected Monagan speaker, he notes that the party
was unable to maintain its majority position, the speakership reverted to the Democrats, and the 1970 reapportionment became
a struggle that was eventually resolved in the courts.

His negotiations with the Reagan administration on welfare reform and Medi-Cal reform broke a deadlock between the governor
and the legislature. If he could work effectively with Reagan, Moretti could also work against him. He led the campaign against
Proposition 1, the governor's tax initiative, in 1973.

Mosk discusses raising public consciousness on civil liberties, and the establishment of new divisions within the attorney
general's office for anti-trust, consumer fraud, and constitutional rights actions.

Moss discusses his family background, education, arrival in California in 1923, pre-legislative employment, Democratic party
activities, election to the California Assembly, service in the assembly, election to the U.S. House of Representatives, and
Freedom of Information Act.

Mott recounts the many innovative and sometimes controversial changes in the park system during his eight-year directorship.
With Reagan's support, he reorganized the parks department and united the parks and recreation commissions. He opened up ranger
positions for the first time to women and to applicants with people-oriented backgrounds, in addition to wildlife and natural
resource managers.

Mulder discusses accounting work and the state welfare program in the 1930s, his work for the Bureau of Collections and for
the California Dept. of Health Care Services, especially the Medi-Cal program. The interview covers his career from 1936-1970.

Mull discusses his role in the political campaigns of Earl Warren and his efforts to upgrade professional standards and improving
the administration of justice through activities of both the state and bar associations.

Mullins, John F. OH W-43

"How Earl Warren Became District Attorney,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. I. (1963).

Additional Note

Mullins attempts to document the political milieu in Alameda County at that time, its relation to the bigger trends in state
politics, and to sharpen the points of distinction among the political forces at work: the Kelly machine, the Knowlands, the
KKK, and the political parties including local Progressives.

Myers reviews her family background, education and life in the Midwest. She describes her volunteer work for the Democratic
party in Los Angeles beginning in 1946. She relates experiences while managing Evelyn Johnson's and Helen Rudd Brown's campaigns.
In addition she explains the formation of the California Democratic Council.

Nannini describes a period of growth and professionalism in the Department, 1948-1984. He was closely involved in the development
of the California Uniform Commercial Code, and the development of an electronic data processing system for those records,
including the Central Records Depository. The interview also discusses notaries, the development of state election services,
state budgets and personnel procedures, affirmative action, and the Political Reform Act of 1974, which changed the requirements
for reporting campaign financing, both for candidates and lobbyists. He also discusses the administrative style of Secretaries
of State Jordan, Sullivan, Brown, and Eu.

Navarro, Armando OH 90-28

Oral History Interview with Armando Navarro. (1989). State Director, Californios for Fair Representation.

Additional Note

Navarro discusses his early life and education in Cucamonga, California, military service and higher education, and provides
information about his role as scholar/community activist in such organizations as La Raza Unida, Californios for Fair Representation
as well as organizing regional conferences and meetings to discuss such issues as immigration reform, voter registration and
education, policy-community relations, church-community relations, and United States-Mexico relations.

Nejedly, John A. OH 89-31

Oral History Interview with John A. Nejedly. (1988). Senator, 1969-1980.

Additional Note

Nejedly discusses the work of the Contra Costa County District Attorney and Nejedly's innovations during the 1960s. It covers
his career in the state senate, where he carried much environmental improvement legislation, serving as chairman of the Senate
Committee on Natural Resources and Wildlife.

Nelson recounts what it was like to be the official consumer advocate working within the governmental system and simultaneously
helping to create and direct citizen pressure from the outside. She discusses her efforts to research citizen complaints;
organize PTA members, shopping-cooperative members, and mothers into lobbying groups; use the consumer counsel's independence
from the governor's office to take highly visible positions that the governor could not take; and extend the educational arm
of the consumer counsel by supplying consumer news to fill papers and prime-time public affairs programming on radio and TV.
She also discusses the approach of encouraging enforcement of existing laws to get at consumer fraud rather than creating
fresh legislation. She includes observations on persons of influence surrounding the governor and comments on the importance
of gaining access to the governor. She also discusses the particular frustrations she encountered as a woman in politics and
government in dealing with the male-dominated legislature and bureaucracy where policy and political alliances are often forged
after hours in a nearby bar.

Nevins discusses family and career background, activities in California Democratic organizations, and profiles the Board of
Equalization. He reviews developments in California taxation since 1933, interweaving them with BOE policy and structural
change. He emphasizes A.B. 80, Reagan era tax reform, Proposition 13 (1978), property and unitary tax issues, and specialized
taxes. He concludes with his elections and the election process.

Nielsen discusses his youth and education in southern California and at Yale University, his Coro foundation fellowship and
work on Ed Reinecke's first campaign for Congress; Flournoy's campaign for controller in 1966 and his staff position in controller's
office; duties and politics of chief administrative officer for Assembly; work of lieutenant governor's office under Reinecke,
Reinecke's reelection campaign, alleged perjury. He also discusses the emergence of field of political law 1972-present; his
legal work for Republican Party candidates and for initiative campaigns; and the effects of Political Reform Act of 1974.
He assesses the Fair Political Practices Commission under four chairmen and changes in the state legislature since 1967.

Nofziger discusses the roles of the early supporters of Ronald Reagan, and of party leaders both inside and outside the Republican
State Central Committee. He appraised his own role in terms of his relationship with newspaper reporters, with other members
of the gubernatorial campaign staff, and with Reagan himself.

Oakley, James H. OH W-45

"Early Life of a Warren Assistant,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. III. (1970).

Additional Note

Oakley discusses his childhood, friends, and professors at Berkeley, the District Attorney's office and its political environs.

O'Brien covers the duties and responsibilities of California's deputy and assistant attorneys general, law enforcement, state
legislators, major problems of law enforcement in California during the 1960s.

O'Connell discusses Democratic politics in San Francisco City and County. He covers his career in the assembly, where he served
on the Finance and Insurance, Judiciary, and Criminal Procedures committees. He offers observations on Philip Burton, Goodwin
Knight, and colleagues in the 1955 assembly freshman class. He discusses the demise of the California Democratic Council.

Odeen, Peter OH W-47

"Captain of the
Point Lobos,"
The Shipboard Murder Case: Labor, Radicalism, and Earl Warren, 1936-1941. (1972).

Additional Note

Odeen recalls the events of March 22, 1936 and describes his own early adventures at sea, maritime working conditions in the
1930s, and the ultimate fate of the
Point Lobos.

O'Gara discusses his election to the state senate in 1946, impressions of the California legislature including housing and
highway issues, creation of the Bay Area Rapid Transit District in 1951; as well as a 1962 campaign fraud incident and campaign
practices in the 1980s.

Oliver, William W. OH W-17

"Working in the Supreme Court: Comments on Court, Brown Decision, Warren and Other Justices,"
Earl Warren: The Chief Justiceship. (1972).

Additional Note

Oliver was originally Chief Justice Vinson's clerk. Upon Vinson's death he was asked to continue, and so became Earl Warren's
first head law clerk in the Supreme Court, 1953-54.

Olney, Warren III OH W-35

Law Enforcement and Judicial Administration in the Earl Warren Era. (1978).

Additional Note

Olney discusses his joining the staff of the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, the California Attorney General's
Office, the California Crime Study Commission on Organized Crime, the Department of Justice, and the Administrative Office
of the Courts.

Ongerth, Henry OH W-13

"Recollections of the Bureau of Sanitary Engineering,"
Earl Warren and the State Department of Public Health. (1970).

Additional Note

Ongerth discusses his observations of sanitary engineering in California, from his studies with pioneer Charles Gilman Hyde
in the 1930s, through the expansion of service under the State Dept. of Public Health in the 1940s and into the beginning
of concern for environmental factors which became a major political factor in the 1960s and 1970s.

Orr, Verne OH R-13

"Business Leadership in the Department of Motor Vehicles and State Finance,"
Governor Reagan and His Cabinet: An Introduction. (1982, 1983). Director, Dept. of Finance, 1970-1974; Director, Dept. of Motor Vehicles, 1967-1970.

Additional Note

Orr describes the methods he used and some of his successes in these two departments, as well as his observations of Governor
Reagan and his cabinet in action. In the Dept. of Motor Vehicles, Orr pursued the recommendations of the governor's task force
on economy in government by rotating employees into new jobs and encouraging them to try new ideas. They succeeded in reducing
the time taken to renew a driver's license from 60 days to 10. In the Dept. of Finance, Orr was responsible for making the
budget cuts the governor decreed. He worked with the departments to make the cuts where they would be least hurtful.

Palumbo focuses on the theme of better preparedness on the part of the state and local governments to meet natural disasters
and other large-scale emergencies. He describes several other law enforcement planning efforts in which he was involved during
the Reagan administration. Among these are the Governor's Select Committee on Law Enforcement Problems (1972-1973) and Project
Safer California (1974).

Papan discusses issues and activities of the state legislature during his tenure as Democratic assemblyman. He talks of his
chairmanship of the Rules Committee and membership on the Finance and Insurance, Transportation, and Policy and Research Management
committees. He also discusses Governors Reagan and Deukmejian and other legislators such as Leo McCarthy, Bob Moretti, John
Foran.

Parkinson discusses his role in trying to help change the party in San Diego in the early 1960s and then on the state level
once he became chairman in 1964. He is probably best known for authoring the so-called "Eleventh Commandment." He also discusses
the 1966 gubernatorial election in California and Ronald Reagan's relationship with the structure of the Republican party
during his own campaign.

Patsey was appointed in 1964 as counsel and executive director to the Constitutional Revision Commission. He worked closely
with Bruce Sumner, head of the commission on several articles dealing with the powers of government. In 1966 he left to practice
law, and in 1980 he was appointed to the Contra Costa superior court bench.

Patterson, Edgar James OH W-27

Governor's Mansion Aide to Prison Counselor. (1970, 1972).

Additional Note

Patterson discusses his responsibilities to the governor, reforms in the correctional system, and Patterson's career in Corrections.

Peirce discusses the responsibilities as director, including the many state boards he served on ex officio, the governor's
fiscal policies, and some political issues of the 1950s. The emphasis was on achieving a balanced budget without imposing
new taxes, controlling costs to stay within the budget, and conserving the dwindling surplus resources built up during World
War II. On the major undertaking of Knight's administration, the preliminary engineering and construction for what became
the California Water Plan, the governor and his finance director were content to urge the legislature to develop sources of
long-range funding rather than press a program of their own devising, although Peirce was comfortable with the bond program
eventually developed.

Petris has represented Alameda County in the California Assembly since 1959 and in the state senate since 1967. He discusses
local and state Democratic politics, the California Democratic Council, and key issues on which he has been a leader: environmental
protection, mental health services, tax structure and equity, legislative reapportionment, judicial appointments, San Francisco
Bay Conservation and Development Commission, and others.

Phillips, Herbert L. OH W-4

"Perspective of a Political Reporter,"
Bee Perspectives of the Warren Era. (1972).

Additional Note

Phillips was the political reporter for the Sacramento
Bee for three decades, from 1933 to 1963. His analyses and summaries ("Politics in Review") of both the executive and the legislative
branches carried a great deal of political weight in the state and are now mainstays for any study of California history of
that period.

Pittman, Tarea Hall OH W-39

NAACP Official and Civil Rights Worker. (1971, 1972).

Additional Note

A tireless worker for civil rights, she was the West Coast Regional Director for the National Association for the Advancement
of Colored People from 1959 to 1967. She discusses her work in social welfare, California State Association of Colored Women's
Clubs, California Council of Negro Women, Negro Educational Council, legislation on fair employment practices and fair housing
in California, and the NAACP.

Plog, Stanley OH R-29

More Than Just an Actor: The Early Campaigns of Ronald Reagan. (1981).

Additional Note

Plog along with Kenneth Holen accompanied Reagan on the campaign trail in order to be able continually offer him advice on
political issues and campaign strategies. They divided their work into four categories: pinpointing crucial issues and problems;
preparing position papers containing arguments for both sides, providing research data to be used for speeches, and advising
on decorum in the political arena. Armed with what came to be called his "black books" (containing information on California
issues), Reagan had quick access to complex matters.

Polland headed the delegates for Earl Warren at the 1952 Republican National Convention. In addition to relating how he perceived
Warren's losing the presidential nomination, Polland also broached the topic of the roles of two other California Republicans
prominent in national politics, Richard Nixon and William Knowland. He also shed light on the relationship between Earl Warren
and President Eisenhower. The major subject is Goodwin Knight. His comments on Knight's preliminary attempts to seek support
for a presidential nomination in 1956 and the "Big Switch" which occurred in 1958.

Poole captures vividly the urgency of Governor Pat Brown's efforts in 1959 and 1960 to find an acceptable means of forestalling
Caryl Chessman's execution and resolving the long struggle to end capital punishment in California. As the Governor's clemency
secretary from December 1959, until his appointment as U.S. Attorney in 1961, Poole was responsible for reviewing the record
in all death penalty cases and making recommendations to the Governor as to possible executive action.

The legislative analyst and his staff prepared the rebuttal to the governor's budget, which sets the stage for the annual
debate between the executive and legislative branches of government on the amount and direction of state spending. Post is
known for his searching commentary on the conduct and impact of state programs and for suggestions as to unnecessary expenditures.

_____. OH W-7

"Watchdog on State Spending,"
California State Finance in the 1940s. (1971). Chief Economic and Administrative Analyst, Legislative Budget Committee, 1947-1950.

Additional Note

Post joined the Office of the Legislative Analyst in its infancy [1946], and describes how its methods and functions have
grown over the years. He also discusses possible shortcomings of the Warren administration. His interview provides insights
into irregularities in lobbying and liquor administration, and raises a question on banking of state funds that seems to have
been largely overlooked.

Powers discusses campaigning for lieutenant governor, California Water Plan development, liquor control (1954), relations
with the Third House, State Lands Commission, in-fighting among California Republicans, Knowland-Knight "Big Switch" (1958),
right-to-work proposition (1958), losing campaign for a second term as lieutenant governor (1958), stumping for Nixon's presidential
bid (1960), and his bitter battle with Nixon for the Republican gubernatorial nomination (1962).

Powers, Robert B. OH W-36

Law Enforcement, Race Relations: 1930-1960. (1969).

Additional Note

Warren appointed Powers to the Law Enforcement Advisory Committee. The first big task was gaining the cooperation of the law
enforcement people in assuring a non-violent acceptance of the Japanese American citizens, who were returning from War Relocation
camps. Powers later held the position of Coordinator of Law Enforcement Agencies for California.

Procunier gives an account of day-to-day operations in the governor's office as secretary to the governor's legal affairs
assistant. She comments on the thoroughness with which Meese dealt with the review of all clemency and extradition requests,
and her own satisfaction when former prison inmates qualified for certificates of rehabilitation.

Procunier provides a reference point for California's longstanding concern for professional, humane correctional services.
He discusses changes in direction that were instituted in response to changing social conditions and professional standards.
He also discusses his ex officio role on the California Council on Criminal Justice.

Abstracts: R-Z

Ramsay, Ernest G. OH W-47

"Reminiscences of a Defendant in the Shipboard Murder Case,"
The Shipboard Murder Case: Labor, Radicalism, and Earl Warren, 1936-1941. (1972).

Additional Note

Ramsay describes his early union experiences, the 1934 strike, and his involvement in the case, and recalls the extensive
efforts that finally won him a pardon from Governor Warren in 1953.

Rattigan discusses the Chessman death penalty controversy, the Senate Committee on Un-American Activities, his role as a partisan
for higher education, and his work on judicial reform. Other subjects include passage of the Rumford Fair Housing Act in the
senate, role of lobbyists to the legislature, and the senate reapportionment struggle from 1960 to 1966.

Reagan, Neil OH R-35

Private Dimensions and Public Images: The Early Political Campaigns of Ronald Reagan. (1981).

Additional Note

The interview focused on the early childhood of the Reagan brothers, explored their differing careers--especially Neil's,
in the advertisement agency, and his role in Ronald's gubernatorial election--and examined the nature of the brothers' relationship.

Reagan discusses his 1966 gubernatorial campaign and the transition into the governorship in early 1967. He comments on the
exigencies of facing the budget deficit crisis and the challenge of creating an atmosphere in the cabinet meetings of open
discussion and participation, as well as the triumphs of persuading legislators to his point of view.

Rees discusses his family background, education, World War II service, conversion from the Republican to Democratic parties
in the early-1950s, agricultural implement business in Mexico, participation in national Democratic party conventions from
1956 to 1968, activities as a member of the California State Assembly, California State Senate, and the United States House
of Representatives, and comments on a wide range of individuals and issues involved in California and national politics from
the 1950s to 1987.

Reinecke reminisces about the difficulties inherent in the position of state lieutenant governor, a job made more difficult
by the "turf wars" among members of Governor Reagan's administration and the gatekeeping efforts by members of the governor's
executive staff, all of which Reinecke describes in detail. He highlights the special projects which he himself undertook
as lieutenant governor, as well as his statutory membership on a plethora of state commissions, councils, and boards.

Resner, Herbert OH W-47

"The Recollections of the Attorney for Frank Conner,"
The Shipboard Murder Case: Labor, Radicalism, and Earl Warren, 1936-1941. (1972).

Additional Note

In describing the well-organized activities of the defense committee, Resner notes the role played by the Communist party,
to which most of the leaders in the defense effort belonged. He comments on Harry Bridges' involvement in the case, and Bridges'
changing views over the years.

An ardent Democratic liberal, Senator Richards' broad involvement in the inner workings of the party and his role in setting
up the California Democratic Council formed his base to defeat Mildred Younger in 1954 to become state senator from Los Angeles
County. As state senator he was, among other things, the leading proponent of water rights for southern California during
the legislative struggle over the California Water Plan in both the Knight and Brown administrations. In addition to his legislative
achievement, his two races for the U.S. Senate have distinguished him as a consistent and active campaigner in both the state
and national political arenas.

Richman discusses the context of the 1956-57 court term, operations with clerks, in-court forums of debate, assignment of
opinions: a consensus technique, bench behavior and relations of Warren with clerks.

Riles, Wilson C. OH R-31

"No Adversary Situations": Public School Education in California and Wilson C. Riles, Superintendent of Public Instruction,
1970-1982
. (1981, 1982). Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1971-1982.

Additional Note

Riles discusses the passage of the federal Elementary and Secondary Education Act, discrimination in teacher employment, his
own Early Childhood Education program and the concept of compensatory education, involvement of parents and school boards
at the local level, and college admissions standards. Riles also discusses how he saw his own role as superintendent and Ronald
Reagan's role as governor with respect to education in California.

Ringer discusses his family background, migration to Los Angeles, developing interest in journalism, working on various Los
Angeles newspapers, and provides detailed information about his close association from 1961-1966 with the Edmund G. Brown,
Sr. gubernatorial campaigns, programs, accomplishments, and shortcomings.

Roberts was one member of the team of Spencer-Roberts, a Los Angeles campaign management firm, which supervised the first
campaign in Reagan's political career. His discussion delves into the relationship between Reagan and the firm, and the day
to day progress of the campaign.

Rodda, Albert S. OH R-3

"Sacramento Senator: State Leadership in Education and Finance,"
The Assembly, the State Senate, and the Governor's Office, 1958-1974. (1979-1981). Senator, 1958-1980.

Additional Note

Rodda sheds light on both budgetmaking and educational philosophy in the years from 1960 through 1980, culminating in a thoughtful
analysis of S.B. 90 (1972), a landmark bill that managed to combine increased public-school funding with a significant response
to public clamor for property tax relief. He also provides valuable commentary on Governors Edmund G. Brown and Ronald Reagan,
whose contrasting views on schools and taxes underline the range of issues with which the legislature must deal. He also touches
on the leadership styles of colleagues Hugh Burns and Jesse Unruh.

Roosevelt ran against third-termer Earl Warren for governor and was beaten. Roosevelt won his own party's nomination in 1952,
and two years later gained the twenty-sixth district's congressional seat, which he held for four years. This interview focuses
on those California years before Roosevelt went to "the Hill" and before his former rival donned judicial robes and took his
seat three blocks away as Chief Justice of the United States.

Ross, William B. OH 90-37

Oral History Interview with William B. Ross. (1990). Political Consultant, 1948-1980.

Additional Note

Ross reviews his family background and education. He discusses the structure of his company, the division of responsibilities
with Herbert Baus, use of polling, and the strategies employed for various political campaigns conducted for candidates and
ballot issues. Ross talks about his business relationship with many prominent politicians: Sam Yorty, Norris Poulson, William
Knowland, Pat Brown, George Christopher, Barry Goldwater, and Richard Nixon.

Rowe was assistant to Attorney General Francis Biddle in the Dept. of Justice and one who had to wrestle with wartime policy
for enemy aliens. He notes that the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Navy Intelligence, Army Intelligence, and the Justice
Dept. all opposed mass evacuation of Japanese-Americans.

Rumford discusses the highlights of his eighteen years as a member of the California Assembly, work on the Government Organization
and Public Health Committees, his 1966 state senatorial campaign, and the Fair Housing Bill and Proposition 14.

Salinger, Pierre OH KB-22

"A Journalist as Democratic Campaigner and U.S. Senator,"
Political Advocacy and Loyalty. (1979). U.S. Senator, 1964.

Additional Note

Salinger discusses his 1964 campaign for U.S. Senator. Other topics include his schooling and newspaper work in California
and also campaigns that occurred after 1964.

Salsman discusses his role in Earl Warren's effort to achieve passage of state-administered health insurance legislation.
In reviewing health insurance legislation, Salsman mentions Olson's bills as well as Warren's. In 1945 he was aware that there
were inequities in medical care, but also had reservations about the specific legislation. He describes his efforts as chairman
of the Senate Public Health Committee to do his best by the Governor's legislation, including taking the unprecedented step
of calling for a vote of the whole senate to bring the health insurance bill out of committee for a floor vote. He outlines
the available health insurance of the day, and the nature and extent of objections to Warren's legislation--particularly the
issues of physicians' fees and administrative costs.

Together with Edward Mills, Holmes Tuttle, and A.C. Rubel, they formed the Friends of Ronald Reagan in 1965. This small group
convinced Reagan to consider becoming a candidate for governor and did much of the early fund raising and exploring for political
support which made his candidacy possible.

Santillan discusses his early life and education in Los Angeles and details his activities and advocacy in various organizations,
especially Californios for Fair Representation, and his reapportionment-related work as director, Chicano Reapportionment
Project, Rose Institute of State and Local Government, Claremont, California.

Sargent discusses her long career, from the 1950s to the 1990s, lobbying on the behalf of animals, stressing the tactics and
point of view that have made her a beloved and highly successful woman lobbyist. Her friendships and access at the Capitol
provide many anecdotes about individuals and proceedings at the California Legislature. She also discusses women legislators
and other women lobbyists.

Schott discusses Jesse Unruh campaign of 1962, issues of the California assembly, work of the Rules Committee, senate and
assembly leadership, legislative reform, and the role of the lobbyist.

Schottland, Charles Irwin OH W-15

"State Director of Social Welfare, 1950-54,"
Earl Warren as Executive: Social Welfare and State Parks. (1972).

Additional Note

Many of the problems of Social Welfare came into sharp focus for the first time in the 1950s. California was faced with an
enormous increase in population due to the influx of workers to wartime industries, immigration from the rest of the country
and abroad, and a baby boom. The strains that this growth put on all areas of government were felt with the greatest immediacy
in the Social Welfare and Education Departments. In Social Welfare, the situation was aggravated by the passage and repeal
of Proposition 2 (1948 and 1949) which first turned many welfare responsibilities over to the counties; when it was repealed
a year later, these reverted to the state.

Scoggins, Verne OH R-25

"Observations on California Affairs by Governor Earl Warren's Press Secretary,"
The Governor and the Public, the Press, and the Legislature. (1970, 1971). Press Secretary, 1947-1953; Public Relations Secretary, 1943-1947.

Additional Note

Scoggins discusses Warren's first campaign for and first term as governor. He describes the highly effective press relations
operation he maintained and shares his wider perspective on voter response to Warren and changing political currents. He draws
comparisons with the development of radio and television and their impact on campaigning.

Scudder records his observations on the role of Earl Warren in California correctional reforms of the 1940s. He established
a pioneering program for adults for the Dept. of Corrections in 1941. Many of his ideas also had an impact on the development
of the Youth Authority which was created in 1942. Scudder's idea that the Youth Authority should work with the community to
help it solve its own problems rather than operating institutions itself seems a forerunner of the probation subsidy program
which Heman Stark discusses in his interview.

_____. OH W-14B

Between the Dark and the Daylight.

Additional Note

Scudder referred to the typescript of his book several times in the 1971 interview. For the potential or practicing professional,
this is a vivid reporting of the dire conditions that prevailed in reformatories and prisons not too long ago, as well as
a useful guidebook to the attitudes and policies that have worked in helping confined individuals develop their self-sufficiency
and abilities.

Seeley discusses his family background and education, the impact of the Great Depression on his personal life and its effects
on his professional career. He talks about his political career, both on the county level and in the state legislature. He
addresses the legislative needs of his district and the necessity of clean government in general. Seeley also describes the
duties of the California Horse Racing Board and his eight years of service on it.

Severin, Clarence E. OH W-44

"Chief Clerk in the Alameda County District Attorney's Office,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. II. (1972).

Additional Note

Severin describes the new filing system he helped create, and the invaluable assistance provided by the WPA in furnishing
manpower to complete the massive task of filing and reorganizing the office. He discusses in some detail the functioning of
the office. He describes Warren's method of selecting and training his staff, and the office rules which assured absolute
integrity.

Sexton discusses his experience as a consultant to the Assembly Education Committee, his close working relationship with Education
Committee Chairwoman Dorothy Donahoe, and his role in the designing of the Master Plan for Higher Education.

Shaw, Mary OH W-43

"Perspectives of a Newspaperwoman,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. I. (1970).

Additional Note

Shaw comments insightfully on leading figures in the Bay Area newspaper world in the 1920s and 1930s. Both she and her husband,
Robert Shaw, witnessed the political struggle which ensued when District Attorney Ezra Decoto was appointed to the Railroad
Commission in 1925 and two experienced deputies, Earl Warren and Frank Shay, sought to fill the vacancy. She helped uncover
key facts in the Bessie Ferguson case, District Attorney Warren's first major murder case, and she comments on the effect
of this case on the relationship between Earl Warren and other county officials.

Shaw discusses the nature of the assembly in the early 1950s: Speaker Sam Collins, lobbyist Arthur Samish, use of spot bills,
impact of the Korean War, early concerns over smog, issues addressed in his bills. His senate service centered on his obtaining
a state college for his county, the State Water Plan, and leadership in the senate. He comments on lobbying and the effect
of incumbency in relationship to the state legislature.

Shea, Willard W. OH W-43

"Recollections of Alameda County's First Public Defender,"
Perspectives on the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, Vol. I. (1970).

Additional Note

As Alameda County's first public defender from 1927 to 1950, Shea's career roughly parallel Earl Warren's career as district
attorney. The two very early established a friendly working relationship. Shea is makes insightful comments about how Warren
functioned as prosecuting attorney.

Sherriffs, Alex C. OH R-16

"Education Advisor to Ronald Reagan and State University Administrator, 1969-1982,"
The Governor's Office and Public Information, Education, and Planning, 1967-1974. (1981, 1982). Education Secretary, 1968.

Additional Note

Sherriffs discusses the physical layout of the office complex and operating relationships between staff members, negotiations
with Wilson Riles on such significant issues as early childhood education, bilingual education, and school finance equalization,
as well as key aspects of California higher education in the 1970s.

Sherriffs, Alex C. OH KB-12

"The University of California and the Free Speech Movement: Perspectives from a Faculty Member and Administrator,"
Education Issues and Planning, 1953-1966. (1978). Vice Chancellor - Student Affairs (Berkeley), 1965.

Additional Note

As Vice-Chancellor, Student Affairs in 1964, he found himself caught in the middle between student activists on the one hand
and the University of California president and the governor on the other. He speaks of his teaching career at Berkeley, various
social and political episodes on campus in the 1950s and 1960s, his view of the origins of the Free Speech Movement, the tense
months of give and take among the faculty, students, and state and university officials; the personalities and problems surrounding
the negotiations with student demonstrators. He offers his psychological theory for the emergence of student rebellions in
the 1960s, a theory that won him selected popularity and a position as education advisor to Governor Reagan.

Sherry, Arthur H. OH W-3

The Alameda County District Attorney's Office and the California Crime Commission. (1971, 1973).

Additional Note

Sherry's career intersected Earl Warren's at several points. Their first and longest association was when Sherry served as
a deputy district attorney in Warren's office. Later, in the 1940s, he served on Governor Warren's Special Crime Study Commission
on Organized Crime. The descriptions of his work shed light on the effectiveness of organization of the district attorney's
office. He points out the value of the daily staff meetings, the functions served by the inspectors, and the effect of Warren's
procedural rules on the speed with which cases were tried. He also explains how the California Special Crime Study Commission
was first created and how it became an operational agency. He describes the Commission's efforts to encourage local law enforcement
agencies to prosecute law breakers and how that body actually functioned.

Shute, E. Clement, Jr. OH R-41

"The Place of the Courts in the Solution of Controversial Policy Issues,"
The San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission, 1964-1973. (1984). Attorney General Counsel to Commission, 1965-1980.

Additional Note

During the initial crucial three-year interim period when local, state, and federal agencies, private developers, and environmentalists
were testing their strengths and their turfs, many legal issues had to be resolved, some of which, through court decisions,
would set precedent. This was a new agency dealing with an environmental resource, having such untried and broad ramifications
as private property rights on submerged land, public access to the shore, the scope of the historic public trust, police power,
mitigation, and regional, rather than local control over the bay and its shoreline. Shute provided the advice, the energy,
and the skill needed to establish BCDC's authority over future development of San Francisco Bay in the courts.

Sieroty discusses his early life in Beverly Hills and Los Angeles, California, education and early involvement in local politics,
and details many aspects of his tenure in the California state assembly and California state senate before retiring from elective
office in 1982.

Simonds, U.S. OH W-34

"A Carpenter's Comments,"
Labor Looks at Earl Warren. (1969).

Additional Note

Simonds was co-chair of Earl Warren's third campaign for governor. He discusses the postwar building boom.

Simpson, Roy E. OH KB-6

California State Department of Education, 1945-1962. (1977). Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1946-1962.

Additional Note

Simpson describes an era when there was ample funding for education and he could enjoy the satisfactions of building a new
headquarters in Sacramento and implementing a broad plan to reorganize and expand the Dept. of Education. By the 1960s the
financial pinch began to affect education as well as other budgets, and there were challenges to California education from
the political right. Simpson describes a suggestion by Governor Pat Brown, a Democrat, that Simpson, a Republican, should
resign. He also describes attacks on his department by Max Rafferty during his successful 1962 campaign for Superintendent
of Public Instruction.

Singer, Rita OH 92-13

Oral History Interview with Rita Singer. (1991). Attorney, U.S. Dept. of Interior, 1944-1976; California Dept. of Water Resources, 1977- .

Additional Note

Singer discusses her law school experience in the 1930s as one of very few women; people in the Bureau of Indian Affairs including
John Collier, William Brophy, Phileo Nash and handling Indian claims litigation in Alaska; World War II and Franklin D. Roosevelt
and Harry Truman; Department of Interior issues and people including Harold Ickes, Stewart Udall, Cecil Andrus; the Bureau
of Reclamation and the 160-acre limit, power and electrical utility law, water issues, the Westlands contract; the state of
California Dept. of Water Resources and Ronald Robie.

Sloss had worked in her native San Francisco on Pat Brown's first gubernatorial campaign in 1958. In 1960 she joined the governor's
staff, first taking charge of political correspondence and later assisting the travel secretary. After a leave of absence
to work on President Lyndon Johnson's 1964 campaign, she returned to Sacramento as the governor's appointments secretary.

Small gives his analysis of Earl Warren's appointment to the Supreme Court.

_____. OH W-41

The Office of the Governor Under Earl Warren. (1970, 1971). Secretary, 1949-1952.

Additional Note

Small discusses his working relationship with Earl Warren as an administrative secretary in the governor's office from 1945
to 1953. Topics include council meetings, citizen-participation conferences, and other administrative techniques that were
used with particular effectiveness by Governor Warren, political campaigning, work with departmental directors of public health,
mental health, and education; public health activities in California and the contrast with government in Washington.

Smith discusses his educational background, activities in the state legislature, the 1960s reapportionment, his consulting
and political firm, campaigns for Los Angeles City Council and his defeat in his bid for the state senate. He discusses at
length his relationship with Congressman Phillip Burton, and Jesse Unruh's interest and supervision in reapportionment plans.

Smith, William French OH R-12

Evolution of the Kitchen Cabinet, 1965-1973. (1988).

Additional Note

An original member of the kitchen cabinet, Smith sketches some high points of the early years of his association with Reagan.
He describes the activities of the kitchen cabinet. His comments touch on the carefully planned 1966 campaign, selection of
key governor's appointees, exploratory activities in the 1968 presidential campaign, as well as his views on judicial temperament
and his service as a regent of the University of California.

Song discusses his early political career in Monterey Park, the philosophy and organization of the Democratic Party and its
leadership in the 1960s and 1970s. He spends considerable time on the practices of lobbying and legislating, with particularly
detailed accounts of the formulation of consumer protection and legal code revision laws. Evaluations are made of many other
office holders during his tenure, as well as on political changes in the legislature in the 1970s.

Soto discusses her family background, education, experiences working during World War II, interest and activity in Democratic
party politics in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, and involvement in her husband's [Philip L. Soto] La Puente City Council
and California State Assembly election campaigns.

Soto discusses his family background, service in World War II, securing a vocational education under the G.I. bill, civic
affairs and community involvement in La Puente, including service on the city council, supporting the presidential candidacy
of John F. Kennedy, running successfully in 1962 and 1964 for an assembly seat, sponsoring numerous bills on education, health,
and local government. He shares his observations about Edmund G. Brown, Sr., Jesse M. Unruh and other assembly members.

Spence relates how he was persuaded to run for the state legislature in 1920 as a progressive Republican. He comments briefly
on the state of California politics in the 1920s. In the three terms that Spence served on the legislature he backed several
important bills, including the East Bay Municipal Utility District Act, the state bar act, and measures reforming civil legal
procedures, all of which he discusses in detail. He also describes his work in 1926 in support of a legislative reapportionment
plan, a plan then supported by Earl Warren. Shortly after leaving the legislature in 1927, Spence was appointed to the superior
court of Alameda County, where he had several opportunities to observe District Attorney Earl Warren in action. Spence comments
on Warren's courtroom style and also on the standards of criminal justice of the day.

Spencer describes the refining of demographic studies and opinion-research techniques made possible by computer technology.
He along with William Roberts found these methods notably useful in the California Plan, geared to selecting target districts
around the state likely to elect Republicans for special election efforts.the actual techniques of campaigning. Discussion
includes campaign finance, efforts to increase voter involvement, and the increasing role of the media in elections.

Stanford discusses his legal training and clerkship under U.S. District Court Judge Malcolm Lucas and his association with
the law firm of Luce, Forward, Hamilton and Scripps. He relates his active role in Republican politics in San Diego and his
work with George Deukmejian in his statewide campaigns. He fully discusses his chairmanship of the Fair Political Practices
Commission and his campaign for the state controllership.

Stassen reviews his role in the events surrounding the 1952 Republican national convention and associations with Earl Warren.

Stead, Frank M. OH W-13

"Environmental Pollution Control,"
Earl Warren and the State Department of Public Health. (1970). Chief, Division of Environmental Sanitation, 1946-1966.

Additional Note

Stead discusses his early field work in sanitation and acquaintance with Carl Buck and Wilton Halverson, whose vision and
energy led him to join the State Dept. of Public Health shortly after Halverson assumed the directorship in 1944. He gives
a detailed account of the Water Pollution Act of 1949, the first piece of legislation to provide for an aggressive state role
in regulating industrial use of water. His discussion not only presents the issues that were to become critical as ecology
became a major public issue, but also reflects the struggle between special interests and the public interest in the arena
of legislative procedures and lobbying activities.

Stearns discusses his appointment and term as director of the Dept. of Conservation, his role as Agriculture and Services
Agency secretary, and his responsibilities for state employer-employee relations during a tempestuous period of strikes and
threatened strikes. He also describes interagency and interdepartmental relations and of decision making in the Reagan cabinet.

Steinhart, John H. OH W-22

"Jesse and Amy Steinhart,"
Earl Warren's Campaigns, Vol. II. (1973).

Additional Note

This interview attempts to shed light on the relationship between Earl Warren and Jesse Steinhart and to clarify some of the
specific areas in which Steinhart could have influenced Warren's thought and political life. He adds comments about his mother,
Amy Sussman Steinhart, who also contributed her talents in the areas of public affairs and education.

Stiern discusses his family background, veterinary career, and service in World War II in the China-Burma-India Theater. He
discusses his initial and other election races, especially reapportionment and the 1966 election, the Donahoe Act (Master
Plan for Higher Education), the governors in office during his service, particular legislation he carried, members of the
state senate and presidents pro tem, lieutenant governors, Ronald Reagan and the University of California, the senate in the
1970s, and committee service.

The Stones tell about their whirlwind of research, interviewing the Warrens and close associates, and writing during the warm-up
for the 1948 presidential campaign in which Warren was to become the running mate of Thomas E. Dewey.

The Stones tell about their whirlwind of research, interviewing the Warrens and close associates, and writing during the warm-up
for the 1948 presidential campaign in which Warren was to become the running mate of Thomas E. Dewey.

Storrs, Eleanor Ring OH R-39

"Parties, Politics, and Principles: "It's at the Local Level,"
Republican Philosophy and Party Activism. (1983).

Additional Note

Storrs chronicles her philosophy about the correct role of women in politics and her support for Ronald Reagan as a political
and philosophical leader. Within Storrs' discussion of her own efforts in the Republican party are the history of operations
in San Diego County, as well as notes on the 1964, 1968, and 1972 Republican national conventions, and on the Republican National
Committee.

Stubblebine, William Craig OH R-17

"The Development of Proposition #1,"
The History of Proposition #1: Precursor of California Tax Limitation Measures. (1982).

Additional Note

Stubblebine discusses his role in the work of the Task Force on Tax Reduction established by Ronald Reagan during his second
term as governor of California. Particular attention is given to the evolution of the concepts and details of Proposition
#1, which was the precursor of later California tax limitation initiatives in California.

Sturgeon attracted Reagan's attention because of his views on welfare reform and his chairmanship of the Senate Social Welfare
Committee. Sturgeon carried a major welfare bill, passed in the early 1960s, which included substantial money for the Aid
to Families with Dependent Children program. He also reflects on other matters such as lobbying practices and the early days
of the unionization of California's farm workers by Cesar Chavez. Sturgeon discusses how his role and the position of legislative
assistant evolved. He comments on his tenure at the PUC, 1969-1974. These five years were difficult for the commission with
the combination of new consumer activism, raising gasoline and oil prices worldwide, and important bills which the commission
wanted the California legislature to pass.

Sweigert discusses his overall philosophy of government in relation to his work with Earl Warren. He also briefly outlines
some of his efforts to improve administration of the courts, echoing his earlier concerns in state government.

"The Continuing Story of Welfare Reform, 1965-1983,"
Services for Californians: Executive Department Issues in the Reagan Administration, 1967-1974. (1983).

Additional Note

Swoap recalls participating in the preparation of the legislative analyst's first report on the new Medi-Cal program in 1965.
He then became a consultant to the Senate Finance Committee, where he came to respect Chairman Howard Way for his fight against
Medi-Cal's open-ended cost-reimbursement provisions. The fight included legislation Way introduced in the late 1960s to correct
what were seen as defects in the treatment of outside income, work requirements, and eligibility criteria and, later, assisting
with the passage of the governor's bills.

Tallman, Frank F. OH W-12

"Dynamics of Change in State Mental Institutions,"
Earl Warren and the State Department of Mental Hygiene. (1970). Director of Mental Hygiene, 1950-1953.

Additional Note

Tallman describes the process of becoming a member of Warren's cabinet, improvements in the state hospital program and administration
based on concepts he had evolved as mental health director for New York State, with discussion of changes in the role of hospital
superintendents, upgrading of personnel through training and civil service, and the demonstration of the efficacy of prompt,
intensive care of patients. These pages contain considerable practical information on the techniques of public administration
and the development of staff, public and legislative support.

Teale, Stephen P. OH KB-18

"The Impact of One Man-One Vote on the Senate: Senator Teale Reviews Reapportionment and Other Issues, 1953-1966,"
One Man-One Vote and Senate Reapportionment, 1964-1966. (1978). Senator, 1953-1972.

Additional Note

Teale discusses reapportionment based on his authorship of S.B. 6 in 1965, the upper house's design for court ordered redistricting
of the senate based on population. Other topics include his personal history, political campaigns, the liquor control controversy
of 1954, the problems of legislating the death penalty, lobbyist-legislator relations, and the tideland oil debate.

Thelin discusses the local organization of the Republican Party in the Glendale area, legislative campaigns and organization
in the late 1950s, and talks at length about major state legislative issues, especially between 1957 and 1961, and a few of
his own personal legislative ideas. He also discusses at length various events that changed the Republican Party and California
politics in the 1960s.

Thomas discusses his work in maintaining the flow of decisionmaking from 1969 to 1974 and at the same time insuring that each
agency secretary had time with the governor and on cabinet agendas as needed. He credits his capability for this delicate
task to his first experience with the Reagan administration, when he coordinated implementation of over 2,000 recommendations
made by the governor's cost control task force. In this spot, Thomas became acquainted with the workings of many state agencies
coming to cabinet for decisions. And, before being named cabinet secretary himself in late 1971, he had been assistant to
his predecessors, Earl Coke and James Crumpacker, and had observed some of the operation's trouble spots.

Tieburg discusses the influence of the federal government on state programs. The federal government furnished all the money
for the administration of Unemployment Insurance and the Employment Service, and in that way managed to induce the state to
do things the way the federal government wanted them done, organizationally and operationally. He describes efforts he initiated
while in the Los Angeles office to reduce discriminatory practices by employers and comments on interagency efforts in 1965
to respond to the Watts riots.

Todd, A. Ruric OH R-38

"Experience and Advice for the Reagan Administration, 1966-1968,"
Republican Campaigns and Party Issues, 1964-1976. (1981).

Additional Note

Todd assisted governor-elect Reagan's transition team. He describes briefings he arranged for incoming staffers with key people
in the many departments of state government, and the scramble for space and staff to deal with inquiries and information pouring
in about working with Reagan.

Tomlinson discusses her family background, migration first to Los Angeles and then to Santa Barbara, marriage to Stanley Tomlinson,
and activities in Sacramento, particularly the PALS Club, which was comprised of legislators' wives.

Tomlinson discusses his family background, migration to California, education, election to the California State Assembly,
service on several key committees, and service as city attorney, City of Santa Barbara, California.

Tooker, John S. OH R-16

"Director of the Office of Planning and Research, and Legislative Assistant, 1967-1974,"
The Governor's Office and Public Information, Education, and Planning, 1967-1974. (1982). Legislative Assistant to the Governor, 1973-1974.

Additional Note

In 1971 Tooker became the first director of the Office of Planning and Research. Two years later he was appointed the governor's
legislative secretary, in which post he remained until 1974. During this time, Californians focused major attention on air
and water pollution, and on conservation of San Francisco Bay, of the coastline, of wild rivers, of farmlands, and of forests.
Regional governance and local boundary revisions were also priority items in debates on environmental protection. Tooker turned
his attention to the spate of special legislation requiring guidelines, land-use planning policies, and ultimately, regulations.

One of several California businessmen, impressed with Reagan's public speaking during the 1964 presidential campaign who prevailed
upon him to become a candidate for governor. They provided much of the early solicitation of funds and supporters. Gradually
expanding during 1966, they composed part of the transition team that advised Reagan on appointments and helped organize his
first months in office.

Uhler, Lewis K. OH R-17

"Chairman of Task Force on Tax Reduction,"
The History on Proposition #1: Precursor of California Tax Limitation Measures. (1982). State Director, Office of Economic Opportunity, 1971-1972.

Additional Note

This interview deals with Uhler's service in the administration of Governor Ronald Reagan. It focuses on his experiences in
running the state Office of Economic Opportunity and in spearheading the movement for an amendment to the California Constitution
to impose tax reductions and limitations, Proposition #1. This proposition was the precursor of Propositions #13 and #4 in
California. He discusses his dealing with the federal programs for economic opportunity. He relates in detail his knowledge
about the formation of the Reagan administration task forces and his role in the development of Proposition #1.

Vasey, Beach OH W-25

"Governor Warren and the Legislature,"
The Governor and the Public, the Press, and the Legislature. Legislative Secretary, 1944-1953. (1970).

Additional Note

Vasey sketches his work with the legislature which was funneled through this one individual to officially maintain the separation
between executive and legislative branches of government.

Vaughan, Francis E. OH W-20

"Schooldays in Bakersfield,"
Earl Warren's Bakersfield. (1970).

Additional Note

Vaughan was a classmate of Earl Warren's at Bakersfield High School, class of 1908, and at the University of California at
Berkeley, class of 1912. He was interviewed in order to document the life of students in those schools.

Vernon, Ernest H. OH W-34

"A Machinist's Recollection,"
Labor Looks at Earl Warren. (1969).

Additional Note

Vernon was active in founding the California Council of Machinists, AFL-CIO, and served as delegate to the Alameda County
Central Labor Council and the Machinists International. In this capacity, Vernon met with district attorney Warren regarding
the 1934 General Strike, and discusses labor's favorable reaction to the D.A.'s handling of events. He was appointed by Governor
Olson to the commission advising the state Division of Apprenticeship Standards.

Veysey talks about his training and career at Caltech, including his wartime experiences, and assuming the role of owner/operator
of a farm near Brawley in Imperial County. He discusses Jesse Unruh as speaker and the manner in which the assembly operated
in the 1960s. He compares Governors Edmund G. Brown, Sr. and Ronald Reagan and mentions his service on a select committee
on campus disturbances. Also, school finance, reapportionment, running for congress, service after congress.

Frank Vicencia discusses lobbying and the legislature before and after the political reforms of Proposition 9 in 1974. There
is a special focus on the speakership battles of 1974 and 1980 as well as on the factional divisions within the Democratic
caucus. Vicencia's service as speaker pro tem is highlighted.

Vickerman, John L. OH 90-33

Oral History Interview with John L. Vickerman. (1989). Chief Deputy Legislative Analyst, 1979-1990; Program Analyst and Principal Program Analyst, 1955-1979.

Additional Note

Vickerman discusses evolution of the California Legislative Analyst Office and development of state tax programs and policies,
1959-1986; including negotiations for homeowners' exemptions, property tax reform, school finance, and related legislation;
also discussion of impact of various ballot measures on state spending and taxation, 1968-1979, sponsored by Philip Watson,
Paul Gann, Ronald Reagan, and others; references to Alan Post, William Hamm, California legislative leaders and finance department
officials of the period.

Volk, Robert H., Jr. OH R-32

"Government Reform and the Maturity of the Political Process,"
Organizational and Fiscal Views of the Reagan Administration. (1982). Corporations Commissioner, 1967-1969.

Additional Note

Volk was familiar with discrepancies between statutes in California and other states and the complications the differences
caused in issuance of corporate securities. He discusses the drafting and passage of the new state securities law.

Waldie discusses politics in Contra Costa County as well as in the California Democratic Council. He covers his career in
the Assembly where he served on the committees for Education, Ways and Means, Judiciary, Rules, and Criminal Reform. He was
active in issues concerning retarded children's services, mental health, and water. In Congress, he served on the Post Office,
Public Works, and Judiciary committees. After leaving Congress he was appointed to the California Fair Political Practices
Commission and later, to the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board. He offers observations on Don Allen, Pat Brown,
Jerry Brown, Phil Burton, Clair Engle, George Miller, Jr., Nicholas Petris, David Sterling, Jesse Unruh and other California
political figures.

Walker worked for Governor Reagan in several different roles: as head of the state Dept. of Navigation and Ocean Development,
in charge of San Diego and Imperial Counties during the 1970 Reagan campaign for re-election, and as an assistant to the administration
on plans for welfare reform and legislative reapportionment.

Among the Business and Transportation issues Walton describes are the creation of an unified Dept. of Transportation from
several overlapping existing departments and the agency's strategies for dealing with President Nixon's impounding of federal
funds. Walton recalls discussions as to where the administration might go in its final years, that government always talks
about alleviating taxes. Reagan gave him the responsibility for seeing what could be done. Out of this came an extensive task-force
study, chaired by Lewis Uhler, and eventually Proposition 1, the tax-limitation initiative of 1973.

Walton, Rus OH R-19

"Turning Political Ideas into Government Program,"
Internal and External Operations of the California Governor's Office, 1966-1974. (1983). Program Development Secretary, 1969-1971.

Additional Note

Walton felt strongly about highway safety. He became assistant to Business and Transportation Agency Secretary Gordon Luce.
Walton soon was asked to draft reports and speeches for the governor. After the 1968 convention, Walton headed a new unit
in the governor's office called program development.

Warne, William E. OH KB-7

"Administration of the Dept. of Water Resources, 1961-1966,"
California Water Issues, 1950-1966. (1979). Director, 1961-1966.

Additional Note

After the $1.75-billion California Water Bond measure was approved by voters in November 1960, the next major step was the
construction of the State Water Project itself. Warne's responsibility was to reorganize the Dept. of Water Resources so that
it could build as well as plan a project of the scope envisioned in the Burns-Porter Act: the massive Oroville Dam and a series
of smaller dams, 540 miles of aqueduct, the pumping plants and power plants, the San Luis Reservoir in partnership with the
federal government, all designed to provide water for urban, recreation, and irrigation uses from Plumas County in the north,
over the Tehachapi Mountains to Riverside County in the south. There were concomitant sensitive political relationships: On
the state level he was in touch with the governor and his staff and with state legislators on various administrative, financial,
and legislative matters. On the local and regional level he dealt with large and small landowners and water users, and with
officers and staff of the Metropolitan Water District about construction plans and water rates as well as with San Joaquin
and Delta agricultural and industry interests concerned with the Drain and the Peripheral Canal. On the federal level he met
often with congressmen and officials in the Dept. of the Interior about the San Luis Reservoir, the Pacific Southwest Water
Plan, California's projected loss of 500,000 acre-feet of water from the Colorado River, and the eventual building of Auburn
Dam and other adjuncts to the Central Valley Project. He was, furthermore, a member of many committees and commissions, one
of which was the State Water Pollution (later Water Quality) Control Board where he was concerned with ensuring the quality
as well as the quantity of water along the California Aqueduct.

Warren, Charles H. OH R-10

"From the California Assembly to the Council on Environmental Quality, 1962-1979: The Evolution of an Environmentalist,"
Democratic Party Politics and Environmental Issues in California, 1962-1976. (1982). Assembly Member, 1963-1977.

Additional Note

When Warren was elected to the assembly there was much less interest in so-called environmental issues than there is in the
1980s. Warren points to Edwin Z'berg's leadership in toughening the regulation of forest practices in California while he
was chairman of the Assembly Natural Resources Committee in the early 1960s, as raising Warren's own consciousness about such
matters. Warren recalls the beginning of his interest in energy conservation legislation and his own personal evolution as
an environmentalist.

Warren discusses the Alameda County District Attorney's office, the attorney general's office and some programs initiated
by Warren as governor; the governor's office, national campaigns and Warren's appointment to the Supreme Court. In the area
of law enforcement and the development of social programs, he provides statements of the underlying principles on which he
operated in the 1930s and 1940s.

Warren, Earl, Jr. OH W-18

"California Politics,"
Earl Warren: The Governor's Family. (1970).

Additional Note

Warren discusses his school and college years, entry into the political world, the 1948 and 1952 presidential races, and his
father's view on civil liberties.

Warren offers insight and vignettes about Earl Warren as a father and grandfather. He shares his recollections of the family's
involvement in Earl Warren's political campaigns and reminisces on his father as chief justice.

Warren, Nina Palmquist OH W-18

"Notes from the California First Lady,"
Earl Warren: The Governor's Family. (1978, 1979).

Additional Note

In lieu of an interview, Warren responds in a letter to questions posed by Amelia Fry.

Waters discusses his family background, education, distinguished combat service during World War II in Europe, service in
the assembly, especially his activities related to the state reapportionment of 1951, education, and highway construction,
and comments extensively on Earl Warren as California governor and United States supreme court justice.

Watson discusses his role in promoting and popularizing the issue of property tax limitation in California, namely, Propositions
1A and 9 (November 1968), the second Proposition 1A (June 1973), and Proposition 14 (November 1972). Watson also discusses
the statewide assessors' scandal and the passage of A.B. 80 in 1966 which reformed the administration of the county assessors'
offices, his involvement in the initial planning of Proposition 13 (June 1978), his administration and reform of the Los Angeles
County Assessor's office, and the evolution of his political philosophy.

Watts, Norman (Skip) OH R-38

"Observations of a Youthful Political Pro,"
Republican Campaigns and Party Issues, 1964-1976. (1983).

Additional Note

Watts comments on Reagan's presidential aspirations, and coordinating the activities of the 1970 committee to re-elect Reagan
as governor.

Way first addressed prison issues when, responding to constituent complaints, he investigated the sentencing practices of
the California Adult Authority. He challenged the board's decision making in determining readiness for parole and release.
Over the years, Way consistently worked for the determinate prison sentence, to eliminate the frustration of an uncertain
release date and avoid what he considered abuses of discretion by the Adult Authority. His efforts (along with those of Senator
John Nejedly) culminated in the Determinate Sentencing Act of 1976. This reform measure replaced the indeterminate sentence,
which was itself introduced as a humane reform in the forties to tailor the punishment to fit the crime and to monitor the
inmate's progress toward rehabilitation.

Wedemeyer served as director during a period of remarkable changes in public welfare. He touches on a variety of poverty programs,
farm workers, the aged, and minorities, including efforts to respond to the issues reflected in the Watts riots in 1965, and
several trial medical-care programs leading up to the early days of the Medi-Cal program which was to have sweeping influence
on both the department and the state budget. Many of these programs resulted from federal legislation and Wedemeyer, with
the governor and California legislators, played a role in negotiations in Washington that shaped the bills.

When Weinberger went to the assembly, he became chairman of a subcommittee of the Government Organization Committee to look
into scandals about liquor licensing and tax collections. He succeeded in winning passage of legislation overhauling the licensing
process and setting up a separate department for alcoholic beverage control, something that had eluded the legislature for
many years. Weinberger served as secretary, vice-chairman, and eventually chairman of the Republican State Central Committee
from 1958 to 1964. He discusses his efforts to build a stronger organization, emphasizing communication with the general public
and the California Plan to win more local races. He comments on William Knowland's efforts to heal factional wounds, urging
Richard Nixon to run for governor, the impact of Goldwater supporters on Republican volunteer organizations, and the growing
appeal of Ronald Reagan to party loyalists.

Weingand discusses his family background in North Platte, Nebraska, moving to Los Angeles and Montecito, civic activities
in Montecito and Santa Barbara, and his service in the California State Senate from 1962-1966, and provides observation, especially
in regard to ethics, about the state legislature. He also comments about oil drilling in the coastal waters near Santa Barbara,
California.

Welch discusses his work as chief of the California Board of Equalization's research section on standardization and restructuring
of property tax assessment methods and work with county assessors, with reference to tax reform legislation and ballot measure
initiatives in 1968 and 1971. References to state legislators and financial officials of the period.

Wenig describes Warren's early efforts to enforce the alien land laws. Wenig himself spent the war years in the Judge Advocate
General Corps as a legal assistant to General DeWitt. He discusses the possible use of martial law in wartime, development
of a constitutional argument for relocation, and the enforcement of the curfew laws. He describes the arguments presented
to the Tolan Committee in favor of evacuation. Wenig participated in the writing of the government briefs in the three landmark
Supreme Court decisions dealing with Japanese-American relocation, the
Hirabayashi,
Korematsu, and
Endo cases.

Whitaker discusses the organization and activities of Whitaker & Baxter, Inc. and allied political public relations work of
Campaigns, Inc. and California Feature Service, 1940-1986. Topics include campaigns for Goodwin Knight, Richard Nixon, Robert
Griffin; with emphasis on campaigns for California ballot measures on teachers' salaries, railroad crews, California and national
health insurance, air pollution, and coastal protection; and public affairs activities concerning legislative reapportionment,
medical malpractice, unitization of oil fields, and power plant siting.

Williams discusses the evolution of a formalized system for tracking and reviewing legislation in the governor's office. He
compares the job during the four gubernatorial administrations and offers an insider's assessment of the work habits, personalities,
staff, relations with legislators, and concerns of Governors Brown, Reagan, Brown, and Deukmejian.

Williams reflects on the stormy formative years of the agency during his tenure with the Reagan administration, until he resigned
to run for attorney general. He also comments on the closing of the state mental hospitals and dispersal of patients into
the counties for local treatment, a move which took place during his tenure, as part of the governor's campaign promise to
cut state spending. Williams also describes the use of task forces in the decision to consolidate the Departments of Mental
Hygiene, Public Health, and Health Care Services into a single Department of Health. He recalls members of the governor's
staff and describes relations between the governor's office and agency heads, in particular, how geographical proximity and
agency mission seemed to affect access to the governor and his top staff.

Willoughby discusses his role as consultant to two major assembly committees, contrasting the styles of committee chairmen
Clark Bradley, John Knox, William Craven, Victor Calvo, and Thomas Hannigan and explaining the process of drafting and amending
legislation. He describes the genesis of key environmental legislation of the 1960s and 1970s; contrasts assembly leadership
styles of Speakers Leo McCarthy and Willie Brown; and reflects on the roles of Governors Edmund G. Brown, Sr., Ronald Reagan,
and Edmund G. Brown, Jr. in the legislative process. He also discusses important cases heard as a member of the Commission
on Judicial Performance, 1977-1981.

Interview details Winton's background: family, education, World War II service, professional work as a lawyer, and service
as a local school board member. The focus of the interview is his ten years of service in the assembly. He describes the style
of Lincoln and Brown as speakers, as well as his relations with Jesse M. Unruh and the contest for the speakership in 1961.
He discusses his role in passing legislation in the fields of education and criminal procedure particularly. He recounts the
service to him of Rose Elizabeth Bird (later chief justice of the California State Supreme Court) as a Ford Foundation intern.

Wollenberg, Albert C., Sr. OH W-49

To Do the Job Well: A Life in Legislature, Judicial, and Community Service. (1970-1973, 1980). Assembly Member, 1939-1947.

Additional Note

Wollenberg was in a leadership role for most of the important legislation that Earl Warren attempted. This included the anti-loan
shark measure, the prison reorganization act (1944), the bill to finance a postwar highway system (1944), and the controversial
health insurance act of 1945 (A.B. 800). He also talks about his work as assistant U.S. attorney (1928-1934), superior court
judge of San Francisco (1947-1958), and district court judge (1958- ? ).

Sweigert discusses his overall philosophy of government in relation to his work with Earl Warren. He also briefly outlines
some of his efforts to improve administration of the courts, echoing his earlier concerns in state government.

Wrather recalls Reagan's national efforts while viewing the Nixon, Ford, and Carter presidential nominations and administrations
in retrospect. He concludes by drawing a straight line from the 1966 gubernatorial campaign to the presidential transition
in 1980.

Wright, Donald R. OH R-47

A View of Reagan and the California Courts. (1982). Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 1970-1977.

Additional Note

Wright served as chief justice during the tenure of Governors Ronald Reagan and Jerry Brown. Among the major topics covered
are the style or approach of Reagan regarding judicial appointments, the quality of those appointments, the relationship between
the governor's office and the State Supreme Court and the Judicial Council of California, and the legislative leadership role
of the governor as it may have affected the judiciary. The interview also yields some observations about the internal relationships
on the high court, and finally, the he offers some comments on political trends which have found California courts and judges
the objects of severe attack of a partisan as well as polemical nature.

Wrightson, James R. OH 89-27

Oral History Interview with James R. Wrightson. (1988). Journalist, 1948-1955.

Additional Note

Wrightson discusses his family and educational background in Maryland, service in the Civil Public Service camps as a conscientious
objector during World War II, post-war work with the National Farm Labor Union, working on various California newspapers before
moving to the
Fresno Bee to cover the state legislature at Sacramento, and makes observations about the Sacramento press corps, effective legislators,
influential lobbyists, and the impact or print and nonprint media on politicians, lobbyists, and state government.

Yorty, Samuel W. OH KB-22

"Samuel Yorty: A Challenge to the Democrats,"
Political Advocacy and Loyalty. (1979). Assembly Member, 1937-1940, 1949-1951.

Additional Note

Yorty discusses his philosophy, the attraction of political life, and the beliefs and practices he developed during his long
span of political involvement, with particular reference to the gubernatorial administrations of Goodwin Knight and Edmund
G. Brown, Sr.

Younger, Evelle J. OH R-26

A Lifetime in Law Enforcement. (1982). Attorney General, 1971-1978.

Additional Note

Younger recalls his initial career in the FBI and subsequent involvement in Republican party politics in the 1950s. He comments
on his first elective offices as a superior court judge and Los Angeles County district attorney. The bulk of the interview
focuses on his 1970 campaign for California attorney general, the organization and administration of the Dept. of Justice
during his tenure, and his role in various aspects of law enforcement policy in the state. He also assesses the effect of
the Reagan administration's policy in the areas of crime control and criminal justice.

Zelman discusses his youth and early education in New York City, matriculation at the University of Michigan and University
of California, Los Angeles, teaching stints at several higher education institutions on southern California, and articulates
his position and that of Common Cause on such major issues as politics and government and the public interest, political and
governmental reform, and reapportionment.

Zenovich, George N. OH R-24

"Senate Democrat in the Reagan Government,"
Legislative-Governor Relations in the Reagan Years: Five Years. (1982). Assembly Member, 1963-1970; Senator, 1971-1979.

Additional Note

Zenovich entered the legislature in 1963 at the height of Jesse Unruh's power in Sacramento. As a protg of Unruh's, Zenovich
quickly became a part of the Democratic leadership team. His perspective on the Reagan governorship is, therefore, as a leader
of the Democratic opposition and as one of the "professional politicians." Despite apparent leadership opportunities in the
assembly created when Unruh decided to run for governor, Zenovich moved over to the senate in 1970. He worked arduously on
a major housing finance bill only to have it vetoed by Governor Reagan.

Zimmerman, Kent A. OH W-13

"Mental Health Concepts,"
Earl Warren and the State Department of Public Health. (1970).

Additional Note

Zimmerman was the first chief of mental health services for the California Dept. of Public Health from 1946-1949, a period
when Governor Earl Warren designated the department as the state's mental health authority pursuant to federal legislation
while the Dept. of Mental Hygiene was being reorganized. He describes the introduction of public health personnel to mental
health techniques at a time when the department was expanding rapidly and stimulating the development of county health departments,
and also when the federal government was beginning its efforts to make public psychiatric services widely available.