56) Is the phrase "each person causing or contributing to the total liability" (57) intended to apply to all parties, including contributorily negligent plaintiffs, or only to liable defendants that are otherwise jointly and severally responsible for the judgment?

42) Under the "safe harbor", an ISP can avoid being shut down by court order for copyright infringement and immune from paying money damages even if found vicariously or contributorily liable for copyright infringement.

Finally, the Court analogized the copyright issue of contributory infringement presented to patent law, finding that articles or commodities suitable for substantial noninfringing use do not contributorily infringe.

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