Listeria monocytogenes:
A species of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature. It has been isolated from sewage, soil, silage, and from feces of healthy animals and man. Infection with this bacterium leads to encephalitis, meningitis, endocarditis, and abortion.

1Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, 2Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 3Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, 4Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, 5Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, 6Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 7Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University

1Benioff Children’s Hospital, 2Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, 3Center for Reproductive Sciences and Department of Obstetrics, University of California, San Francisco, 4Program in Microbial Pathogenesis and Host Defense, University of California, San Francisco, 5Biomedical Sciences Program, University of California, San Francisco

1Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 2Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 3Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus