54) Dünya üstünde bulunan en yüksek dağ ünvanın asıl sahibi, denizin altında 4.500 metre derinlikten başlayıp, denizin yüzeyinden 4.100 metre yüksekliğe kadar çıkan Mauna Loa Yanardağıdır. A) ‘The highest mountain in the world’ title is owned by Mauna Loa volcano, which starts from a depth of 4500 meter from under the sea and reaches to a height of 4100 meter above the surface of the sea. B) The real owner of the title ‘the highest mountain in the world’ is Mauna Loa volcano, which starts from a depth of 4500 meter from under the sea and reaches to a height of 4100 meter above the surface of the sea. C) Mauna Loa volcano is entitled as the highest mountain in the world since it starts from a depth of 4500 meter from under the sea and reaches to a height of 4100 meter above the surface of the sea. D) Actually the title ‘the highest mountain in the world’ should be endowed to Mauna Loa volcano, which has a depth of 4500 meters from under the sea and a height of 4100 meters above the surface of the sea. E) Mauna Loa volcano, which starts from a depth of 4500 meter from under the sea and reaches to a height of 4100 meter above the surface of the sea carries ‘the highest mountain in the world’ title.

55) Bilim dünyası dinozorlarla gerçek anlamda, 19. yüzyılın ortalarında yaşayan İngiliz doğabilimci Sir Richard Owen’ın çalışmalarıyla ilgilenmeye başladı. A) The world of science started to become interested in dinosaurs in the real sense with the studies of English ecologist, Sir Richard Owen, who lived in the mid-nineteenth century. B) The English ecologist, Sir Richard Owen, who lived in the mid-nineteenth century, aroused interest among scientists in dinosaurs. C) The actual interest of the world of science in dinosaurs came with the research by the English ecologist, Sir Richard Owen, who lived in the mid-nineteenth century. D) In the actual sense, dinosaur began to seem interesting to scientists with the studies of the English ecologist, Sir Richard Owen, who lived in the mid-nineteenth century. E) The world of science showed a real interest to dinosaurs with the discoveries of the English ecologist, Sir Richard Owen, who lived in the mid-nineteenth century.

56) Her geçen gün daha çok aile, çocuklarının yeteneklerini okul öncesi yaşta keşfetmek ve çocuklarını bu doğrultuda yönlendirmek istiyor. A) More and more families want their children to discover their own abilities before pre-school period so as to lead them in this direction. B) With each passing day, more and more families seek to discover the abilities of their children at pre-school age and to lead them in this direction. C) With every new day, more families struggle to direct their children according to their abilities that emerge at pre-school age. D) Children’s abilities are discovered at pre-school age by their parents and are directed in this direction. E) Many more families try to shape their children’s abilities at pre-school period in this direction with every new day.

57) Atlantik’te İzlanda’nın karşısında ortaya çıkan ve bugün sadece bilim adamlarına açık olan Surtsey Adası’nda bir yanardağ, bitki ve hayvanların yaşam koşullarının incelenebileceği topraklar meydana getirmiştir. A) A volcano, which emerged opposite Iceland in the Atlantic and which is today open only to scientists, is situated on Surtsey Island, which has got soils on which the living conditions of plants and animals can be studied. B) A volcano emerged on Surtsey Island opposite Iceland in the Atlantic and is today open only to scientists, and it formed soils on which the living conditions of plants and animals can be studied. C) Surtsey Island, which was formed opposite Iceland in the Atlantic by a volcano, is open today only for scientists who study the living conditions of plants and animals. D) A volcano on Surtsey Island, which emerged opposite Iceland in the Atlantic and which is today open only to scientists, formed soils on which the living conditions of plants and animals can be studied. E) A volcano emerging on Surtsey Island opposite Iceland in the Atlantic is today open only for scientists who land there in order to study the living conditions of plants and animals.

58-60. soruları, aşağıdaki paragrafa göre cevaplandırınız.

The camp, the size of about four football pitches, lies beneath an immense corrugated steel roof. A long queue forms for the showers. Washbasins, blackened with streaks of human bristle, overflow with used water. The toilets are collective, with no taps or paper. Children play with disposable razors as if with toy cars or planes. A smell of dead dog prevails in the camp. From the canteen a queue stretches to the end of the camp. Refugees are allocated to makeshift tents according to their country of origin. More than 1,300 refugees live here, cut off from the world. They have only one ambition – to get aboard a lorry on the Calais-Dover ferry and then to achieve refugee status in England.

58) As it is said in the passage, conditions of living in the above mentioned place _______ . A) have deteriorated rapidly since the first refugee was brought there B) are not hygienic and pose a great danger to the health of the people living there C) will improve only if the refugees there agree to do something D) have already caused a number of people to lose their lives E) don’t resemble to those which people used to have in their own countries of origin

59) It is understood from the passage that not all the people in this camp ________. A) are put in the same type of tents B) want to emigrate to England to become refugees C) have any qualification to get a good job D) can have a shower in one day E) help the officers carry out their tasks

60) According to the passage, the people in the camp would consider themselves lucky _________. A) if the could go back to the country form which they came from with a refugee status B) when the British government provide them with better living conditions C) even if they were kept in such a prison-like place D) if they could find a way first to get to England and than to be considered a refugee there E) if there were a shop selling basic needs

61-63. soruları, aşağıdaki paragrafa göre cevaplandırınız.

Jazz, which is generally thought to have begun in New Orleans, developed in the latter part of the 19th cent. from black work songs, field shouts, sorrow songs, hymns, and spirituals whose harmonic, rhythmic, and melodic elements were predominantly African. At the outset, jazz was slow to win acceptance by the general public, not only because of its cultural origin, but also because it tended to suggest loose morals and low social status. However, jazz gained a wide audience when white orchestras adapted or imitated it, and became legitimate entertainment in the late 1930s when Benny Goodman led racially mixed groups in concerts at Carnegie Hall.

61) It is said in the passage that most people ________. A) in New Orleans emigrated from Africa B) in the 19th century used to listen to jazz music C) found something in jazz different from today’s people D) see New Orleans as the place of origin for jazz E) thought that jazz wouldn’t be accepted by Americans

62) When jazz first emerged, __________. A) all the people of African origin were working in fields B) sorrow songs constituted the whole jazz music C) it was regarded as wonderful trend of music D) moral values of jazz listeners became loose rapidly E) people didn’t accept it quickly

63) The wide popularity of jazz music _________ . A) hasn’t been achieved yet and seems unlikely B) was ensured with the leadership of Benny Goodman C) came only after white orchestras started to take some elements from it D) was achieved thanks to its unique qualities E) overshadowed other trends of music in the late 1930s

64-66. soruları, aşağıdaki paragrafa göre cevaplandırınız.

People have been studying humor for thousands of years. The Greek philosopher Aristotle discussed comedy in the second book of Poetics, which has been lost. He also wrote about it in Nichomachean Ethics, where he analyzed jokes and laughter and came out in favor of tasteful jokes. Aristotle’s teacher, Plato, criticized laughter more severely. In fact, laughter was forbidden at Plato’s Academy. And Plato’s teacher, Socrates, took it a step farther when he said, “One ought to use laughter as one uses salt–sparingly.”

64) It is stated in the passage that ____________ . A) only in Poetics did Aristotle write about comedy B) Greek philosophers dealt mainly with humour and with how it should be used C) Poetics by Aristotle has been translated in several languages D) Aristotle was totally against any kind of jokes E) humour has long attracted people as a field to be studied

65) When we notice the existence of a teacher-student relationship between the Plato and Aristotle, we can conclude that __________ . A) Aristotle was stricter about comedy than his teacher B) Aristotle’s views on laughter were influenced by Plato’s C) Aristotle adopted a greatly different view concerning laughter when compared with his teacher D) Socrates didn’t follow the footsteps of the other two philosophers E) Plato’s views are more similar to present day views

66) What Socrates said about laughter means that ____________ . A) one shouldn’t use laughter even if it is required B) humans differ from other living beings with their capacity to laugh C) laughter isn’t used as much as needed D) if there isn’t any laughter, it isn’t good and if there is too much, it isn’t good either E) there isn’t much we can laugh at

67-69. soruları, aşağıdaki paragrafa göre cevaplandırınız.

Throughout history there have been reports of strange objects in the sky. A number of observers claim to have seen vehicles, or “flying saucers,” which some believe are space ships visiting the earth from other planets. Because the objects are often shining and in that part of the sky opposite the sun, most investigators, official and unofficial alike, tend to interpret them as reflections of the sun’s rays from airplanes. Some UFOs, when pursued by planes, have proved to be weather balloons or other objects of unquestionably terrestrial origin. Fireballs, meteors, and other meteorological phenomena account for most of the relatively few UFOs that observers report seeing at night. However, there are some sightings that investigators are unable to explain in terms of known phenomena.

67) It is said in the passage that the claims made by observers about the vehicles in the sky during the day ________ . A) aren’t taken seriously by governments and aren’t investigated B) cause baseless fear or panic among people C) have multiplied since people started space research D) were more common in the past when planes weren’t available yet E) are simply a result of the effect of the sun shining in the sky

68) It is stated in the passage that weather balloons ____________. A) which are sent into space give a false impression B) reflect sun’s rays very well and therefore are believed as UFOs C) are the only objects mistaken for UFOs D) are mistakenly thought by some to be UFOs E) are intentionally sent up into the sky to fool people

69) The objects which are seen at night and which are thought to be UFOs ______ . A) mostly come into the atmosphere of the world from outer space B) are actually airplanes passing above C) cannot be seen during daytime in any way D) have a saucer-like shape and they are called flying saucers E) are meteors which can be seen through telescopes

70-72. soruları, aşağıdaki paragrafa göre cevaplandırınız.

Overfishing that took place tens if not hundreds of years ago is a key culprit in the collapse of coastal marine ecosystems today. Scientists have tied the current collapse of the world’s coastal ecosystems almost entirely to recent human impacts—pollution, increased nutrient runoff, and climate change. In the past, the researchers were able to draw a picture of ancient oceans teeming with life in abundance heretofore unimagined. However, the picture today is dramatically different: dying coral reefs, dwindling populations of marine mammals, fish, and shellfish, shrinking sea grass beds, increased invasions of alien species and more frequent outbreaks of disease.

70) It is said in the passage that as a result of catching too many fish from seas and of several other factors, ___________. A) people consume fish which might be poisonous and which may bring about death B) oceans are no longer a source of income for inhabitants of coastal areas C) the number of fish has decreased and some dramatical changes have occurred in coastal marine ecosystems D) the countries surrounded by sea had to pass laws so as to ban overfishing E) many species of fish have become either rare or extinct

71) According to the passage, a very long time ago oceans____________. A) were hardly accessible for fishermen who didn’t have strong vessels B) were filled with more life and life forms than they are today C) provided habitat for fish, but they don’t any longer D) were exploited only for its valuable coral reefs E) were not a suitable place for outbreaks of diseases

72) The passage is mainly concerned with ______. A) the ways of protecting oceans which are under humans’ threat B) the negative effects of humans on coastal marine systems C) the various diseases which have caused near extinction of life forms in oceans D) how humans caused a chain reaction in nature E) what could be done to turn oceans into their former state

73-75. soruları, aşağıdaki paragrafa göre cevaplandırınız.

Police in the Panna district of Madhya Pradesh had been alerted that a woman was going to commit sati. Two officers hurried to the village of Tamoli Patna to try to intervene but were beaten back by villagers with stones. The sixty-five-year-old woman, Kuttu Bai, sat on the funeral pyre with the head of her dead husband on her lap. According to reports, four thousand villagers watched her being burned alive, committing the sacred Hindu practice of sati, which was prohibited a hundred and seventy-three years ago under British rule in India. Hindu tradition says that the dead woman who dies this way becomes a goddess and her family will be blessed for seven generations.

73) From the passage, we understand that the inhabitants of the village where sati would take place _____________. A) were already angry with the two police officers who wanted to hinder this incident B) tried several ways to prevent the event, but with no success C) are all from one family and therefore tried to protect the woman involved D) are in favour of the tradition which favours sati and don’t want it to be prevented E) used fire arms to push the police officers back

74) The passage says that Kuttu Bai ___________. A) burnt herself immediately after her husband was buried in his grave B) believed in Hindu tradition of sati and willingly chose to burn herself C) was forced to do such an incredible act as being burnt alive D) couldn’t get herself rid of the fire although she attempted to E) has become a goddess who the villagers later started to worship

75) Inability of both British authorities in the past and Indian authorities now to eliminate the practice of sati shows that _______________. A) the practice of sati emerged as a reaction to British rule B) most of the rural population in India is illiterate and therefore unable to understand laws C) citizens have a strong tendency not to obey laws imposed by government D) Hindu people have a rich, though strange, cultural life E) it is hardly possible to prevent the practice of sati which is rooted in Indian traditions