UNICEF
reported that over 500 children had been killed by early February 2012.[4][5]
Another 400 children were reportedly arrested and tortured in Syrian prisons.[6][7]
Both claims have been contested by the Syrian government.[8]
Additionally, over 600 detainees and political prisoners died under torture by the start of 2012.[9]
By February 2017, Amnesty International
estimated up to 13,000 people had been executed in government prisons.[10]
The United Nations stated that by the end of April 2014, 8,803 children had been killed,[11]
while the Oxford Research Group said that a total of 11,420 children died in the conflict by late November 2013.[12]
By mid-March 2017, the opposition activist group Syrian Observatory for Human Rights
(SOHR) reported the number of children killed in the conflict had risen to 17,411, while at the same time 10,847 women were also killed.[1]

Total deaths over the course of the conflict in Syria (18 March 2011 – 18 October 2013)

Weekly deaths over the course of the conflict in Syria (18 March 2011 – 18 October 2013)

The number of fatalities in the conflict, according to the Syrian opposition website
Syrian Martyrs, is 151,888, updated to 30 April 2016.[13]
The number includes 35,859 rebels but does not include members of the government security forces or pro-government foreign combatants who have died.[14]
The Syrian Martyrs
number of civilian deaths is significantly higher than the ones presented by other organisations, including the UN, one reason being they record deaths even when no name is given for the reportedly killed individual.[15]

At the start of the war, Al Jazeera journalist
Nir Rosen
stated that many of the deaths reported daily by activists were in fact armed insurgents falsely presented as civilian deaths, but confirmed that real civilian deaths do occur on a regular basis.[16]
A number of Middle East political analysts, including those from the Lebanese Al Akhbar
newspaper, also urged caution.[17][18][19]

This was later confirmed when in late May 2012, Rami Abdulrahman of the
Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, which is one of the opposition-affiliated groups counting the number of those killed in the uprising, stated that civilians who had taken up arms during the conflict were being counted under the category of "civilians".[20][21][22]

In May 2013, SOHR stated that at least 41,000 of those killed during the conflict were
Alawites.[23]
By April 2015, reportedly a third of the country's 250,000 Alawites that were of fighting age had been killed.[24]
In April 2017, a pro-opposition source claimed 150,000 young Alawites had died.[25]

The following figures were all compiled by the SOHR which is considered an authoritative source on the matter.[26]
The figures are only for documented deaths, while the SOHR estimates another 125,360 undocumented deaths had occurred.[1]

Except one death (August 2011),[61]
all of the Hezbollah fatalities have occurred since September 2012.[62]

In early December 2013, rebels claimed that a pro-government Russian fighter was killed in fighting in Aleppo.[63]
In late 2015, it was reported 3[64]–9[65]
Russian OSM security contractors
had been killed. However, this was denied by Russia.[66]

In addition, 1,000 civilian government officials have also been killed.[67]

Due to the opposition's policy of counting rebel fighters that were not defectors as civilians[20][21][22][68]
a comprehensive number of rebels killed in the conflict, thus far, has not been ascertained. In late November 2012, the opposition activist group SOHR estimated that at least 10,000 rebels had been killed, but noted the possibility of the figure being higher because the rebels, like the government, were lying about how many of their forces had died to make it look like they were winning.[69]
In March 2013, SOHR stated that the actual number of killed rebels and government forces could be double the number they were already able to document.[70]

54,982 foreign anti-government fighters have been killed by mid-December, according to the SOHR.[1][81]

9,936 foreign opposition fighters were killed by late December 2013, according to the
Jihadist Salafist Movement in Jordan, with the nationalities being as follows: 1,902 Tunisians, 1,807 Libyans, 1,432 Iraqis, 828 Lebanese, 821 Egyptians, 800 Palestinians, 714 Saudis, 571 Yemenis, 412 Moroccans, 274 Algerians, 202 Jordanians, 91 Omanis, 71 Kuwaitis, 42 Somalis, 30 Albanians and Caucasians, 21 Bahrainis, 9 Emiratis, 8 Qataris, 3 Sudanese and 1 Mauritanian.[104]
The London-based European Centre for Syria Research
put the number of Saudis killed even higher at 729 a month earlier in November 2013.[105]
The jihadist movement updated the number of Jordanians killed by late May 2014 to 342,[106]
although they put the figure in late October at over 250.[107]
According to another estimate, the Jordanian toll was at least 500 by July 2016.[108]

According to a report by a Syrian military research center, as of September 2014: 3,872 Saudi, 3,691 Chechen and 2,904 Lebanese fighters had been killed. Another 2,689 Saudi fighters were missing.[111]

In mid-May 2015, at least 70 Lebanese fighters were reported killed in the previous several months.[112]
In late December 2015, Tunis stated 800 Tunisian ISIL fighters had been killed since the start of the war.[113]

195 foreign soldiers have been killed during the conflict, mostly in the border areas with Syria.

16 servicemen killed
On 2 March 2013, one Iraqi soldier was killed during clashes between Syrian rebels and government forces at a Syrian-Iraqi border crossing.[167]
On 4 March 2013, 13 Iraqi soldiers were killed by unknown gunmen near the border with Syria while they were transporting 65 Syrian soldiers and government officials back to their country after they had retreated to Iraq a few days earlier. 48 of the Syrians were also killed in the attack.[168][169]
On 9 June 2013, Syrian rebels attacked a southern Iraqi border post, killing one Iraqi guard and wounding two.[170]
On 14 July 2013, another attack by fighters from the Syrian side of the border left one Iraqi policeman dead and five others wounded.[171]

8 servicemen killed
A Jordanian soldier was killed in clashes with armed militants who were attempting to cross the border from Jordan into Syria on 22 October 2012.[172]
On 3 January 2015, ISIL burned a Jordanian military pilot alive in a metal cage. The pilot was captured after his airplane crashed near Raqqa
while conducting air-strikes.[173]
Six Jordanian soldiers were killed by a car-bomb blast near the Syrian refugee camp of al-Rukban on 21 June 2016.[174]

48 servicemen killed
On 1 February 2013, two Lebanese soldiers were killed, along with 1-2 militants, and six were wounded in clashes near the Syrian border which started after an attempt by the military to arrest an anti-Assad rebel commander, who was also killed.[175][176][177]
On 28 May 2013, three Lebanese soldiers were killed in an attack on their checkpoint near the border town of Arsal by unknown militants who then fled over the border into Syria.[178]
On 29 March 2014, three soldiers were killed and four wounded in a suicide bomb attack on their checkpoint near Arsal.[179]
20 soldiers were killed during the Battle of Arsal
against Syrian and other foreign jihadists and a further four were captured and subsequently executed. On 19 September, two soldiers were killed by a roadside bomb near Arsal.[180]
On 2 December, six soldiers were killed and one wounded in an ambush by unknown gunmen in the Tal Hamra area of Ras Baalbek, near the border with Syria.[181]
On 23 January 2015, eight soldiers were killed and 22 wounded near Ras Baalbek after their outpost near the border was attacked by ISIS. The fighting also left more than 40 militants dead.[182]

Following the start of
Russia's intervention in Syria
against rebel and ISIL forces at the end of September 2015, 33 soldiers had died by 3 May 2017.[183]
Among them, was a Russian military co-pilot who was killed when his Su-24 military plane was shot down near the Turkish-Syrian border by the Turkish military on 24 November 2015. His pilot was later recovered alive and well by Russian and Syrian special forces. Additionally, a Russian marine was killed when his military rescue helicopter was shot down by rebels while searching for the downed planes pilots.[184]

88 servicemen killed
Two members of the Turkish Air Force were killed when their F-4 Phantom II military jet was shot down near the Turkish-Syrian border by the Syrian Army on 22 June 2012.[185]
On 2 May 2013, one Turkish border guard policeman was killed in a clash with smugglers or rebel fighters on the border between Turkey and Syria. According to the opposition, two rebels were killed as well.[186]
Throughout 2014, seven soldiers and a policeman were killed along the border with Syria in shootouts with foreign jihadists, Kurdish fighters and other unknown gunmen.[187][188][189]
On 22 February 2015, a soldier was killed in an accident during a military incursion into Syria to evacuate Turkish troops at the Tomb of Suleyman Shah.[190]
Later, in two incidents in July and September, two soldiers were killed and five wounded by cross-border fire from ISIL territory in Syria.[191][192]
On 15 February 2016, a soldier died at the border during clashes against human smugglers that tried to cross the border illegally.[193]
Two Turkish soldiers died in a suicide bombing at a Syrian border crossing in mid-August.[194]
Following the start of Turkey's ground incursion into Syria
against ISIL and Kurdish forces in late August 2016, 71 soldiers had died by 24 February 2017.[195]

2 servicemen killed
A U.S. Marine was killed on 1 October 2014, when the V-22 Osprey
aircraft he was riding in nearly crashed into the sea while supporting air strikes against the Islamic State jihadist group in Syria, and he fell into the water.[196]
Also, a U.S. special forces member died due to a bomb explosion while supporting Kurdish-led forces during the Wrath of Euphrates
offensive against ISIL-held Raqqa.[197]

According to SOHR, U.S.-led Coalition airstrikes have killed 7,631 people across Syria, of which: 5,963 dead were ISIL fighters, 309 Al-Nusra Front militants and other rebels, 98 government soldiers and 1,261 civilians. The air strikes occurred in the period between 22 September 2014 and 23 April 2017.[198]

According to SOHR, Russian airstrikes in Syria killed 11,932 people, of which: 3,358 were ISIL fighters, 3,407 militants from the Al-Qaeda affiliate al-Nusra Front and other rebel forces and 5,167 civilians. The air strikes occurred in the period between 30 September 2015 and 30 April 2017.[199]

According to the Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu, since the start of Russia's aerial campaign in Syria and by 22 December 2016, the Russian Air Force killed 35,000 rebels and ISIL fighters.[200]

Killings of medical workers since the start of the Syrian Civil War, according to a
PHR
summary[201]

Attacks by government forces (95.5%)

ISIL or rebel groups (2.5%)

Kurdish forces (0.1%)

Unknown forces (1.9%)

A February 2015 joint report by the Center for Public Health and Human Rights of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the Syrian American Medical Society asserted that "Syria is the most dangerous place in the world to be a doctor".[202]
Roughly half (an estimated 15,000)[203]
of Syrian doctors fled the country.[204]
The government passed a law in 2012 making it illegal to render medical aid to anyone suspected to be an opposition member and Amnesty International
found that doctors and medical staff also took part in torture
of patients.[203]

Physicians for Human Rights
has been tracking the medical personnel deaths in Syria, though they state that "these numbers are conservative given the difficulties in reporting during a war." As of the end of September 2015, the number of medical workers killed in the Syrian civil war totaled 679.[205]
In March 2017, the number of killed medical personnel was updated to more than 800. 723 of these deaths were attributable to the Syrian government, while 72 were killed by ISIL or rebel groups, one by Kurdish forces, and 13 by unidentified forces.[206]

Médecins Sans Frontières
has reported that suppliers in Syria refuse to sell essential medical supplies such as gauze and surgical threads to doctors due to government intimidation, with this being a particular problem for besieged areas.[203]