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Biocytin is invaluable as a rapidly transporting, sensitive neuronal tracer requiring little permeabilizing agents. It is an especially versatile marker for neuroanatomical investigations. Biocytin may be injected into brain by iontophoresis or by pressure injection methods, and localized in tissue sections using avidin-conjugated labels. It is taken up by neurons and rapidly transported down to axons in an anterograde fashion. Biocytin can also be used in retrograde tract tracing experiments, although in some cases it appears that fibers must be damaged to produce such labeling.