Seven substitutes are permitted to be selected, from which three can be used in the duration of the game. That year it was the only European football league where clubs collectively made a profit.

By contrast, in the other major European leagues, numerous high-profile teams have come under ownership of foreign billionaires, and a significant number of clubs have high levels of debt.

After the German Football Association and the Bundesliga mandated that all clubs run a youth academy , with the aim of bolstering the stream of local talent for the club and national team.

This allows more money to be spent on the players that are bought, and there is a greater chance to buy better instead of average players.

In the first decade of the third millennium s , the Bundesliga was regarded as competitive, as five teams have won the league title.

At the end of each season, clubs in the Bundesliga must apply to the German Football Federation DFB for a licence to participate again the following year; only when the DFB, who have access to all transfer documents and accounts, are satisfied that there is no threat of insolvency do they give approval.

In addition, no individual is allowed to own more than 49 percent of any Bundesliga club, the only exceptions being VfL Wolfsburg , Bayer Leverkusen and current Regionalliga Nordost member FC Carl Zeiss Jena should they ever be promoted to the Bundesliga as they were each founded as factory teams.

Despite the good economic governance, there have still been some instances of clubs getting into difficulties. In subsequent years, the club went through extensive restructuring to return to financial health, largely with young home-grown players.

Based on its per-game average, the Bundesliga is the best-attended association football league in the world; out of all sports, its average of 45, fans per game during the —12 season was the second highest of any professional sports league worldwide, behind only the National Football League of the United States.

Many club stadia have large terraced areas for standing fans by comparison, stadia in the English Premier League are all-seaters due to the Taylor Report.

Match tickets often double as free rail passes which encourages supporters to travel and celebrate in a relaxed atmosphere. They are very fan orientated".

Football has got to be for everybody. The spectator figures for league for the last eleven seasons:. The Bundesliga broadcast rights are sold along with the broadcast rights to the Bundesliga Relegation Playoffs, 2.

Three Friday night matches — the openers of the first and second halves of the season, and on the final matchday before the winter break — are broadcast to all Germans on ZDF.

Radio coverage includes the national Konferenz whip-around coverage on the stations of ARD and full match coverage on local radio stations.

The Bundesliga is broadcast on TV in over countries. In October , 21st Century Fox , via the Fox Sports , Fox International Channels , and Sky plc divisions, acquired television and digital rights to the Bundesliga in 80 territories, including North America and Asia outside of India and Oceania for five years, and selected European territories for two years, beginning in the —16 season.

CEO James Murdoch explained that the deal was designed to "leverage our unrivaled global portfolio of sports channels to bolster the Bundesliga brand in every corner of the globe.

Spanish-language telecasts air on Fox Deportes. Matches stream online for subscribers to these channels on participating providers via Fox Sports Go , and are also available through the subscription service Fox Soccer Match Pass.

ITV4 broadcasts delayed highlights the following Monday. This arrangement lasts through the season. In , digital TV operator StarTimes acquired exclusive television rights for Sub-Saharan Africa for 5 years starting from season.

The following 12 clubs have won the Bundesliga: No club from former East Germany or Berlin has won the Bundesliga. The former East German side Dynamo Berlin laid claim to the three stars of a time champion.

They petitioned the league to have their DDR-Oberliga titles recognized, but received no reply. Dynamo eventually took matters into their own hands and emblazoned their jerseys with three stars.

The issue also affects other former East German and pre-Bundesliga champions. BFC Dynamo Berlin have not followed this guideline and continue to wear three stars, rather than a single star inscribed with the number These stars are a permanent part of their crest.

Since June , the following clubs have been officially allowed to wear stars while playing in the Bundesliga. The number in parentheses is for Bundesliga titles won.

In addition, a system of one star designation was adopted for use. This system is intended to take into account not only Bundesliga titles but also other now defunct national championships.

As of July , the following clubs are allowed to wear one star while playing outside the Bundesliga. The number in parentheses is for total league championships won over the course of German football history, and would be displayed within the star.

Some teams listed here had different names while winning their respective championships, these names are also noted in parentheses. For the first time in , the Bundesliga was given its own logo to distinguish itself.

Six years later, the logo was revamped into a portrait orientation, which was used until A new logo was announced for the —11 season in order to modernise the brand logo for all media platforms.

In December , it was announced that a new logo would be used for the —18 season, modified slightly for digitisation requirements, featuring a matte look.

Edit Read in another language Bundesliga. For other uses, see Bundesliga disambiguation. Origins Edit Further information: History of German football.

Introduction of the Bundesliga. List of German football champions. Logo used during the —13 season , the 50th Bundesliga season. Appearances Edit As of 1 June [52].

Football in Germany portal. Retrieved 4 November Retrieved 4 January Archived from the original on 16 July Retrieved 17 July Retrieved 8 September Retrieved 12 May Retrieved 20 July Retrieved 30 May Retrieved 8 March Retrieved 14 July Retrieved 23 August Bundesliga champions in numbers".

Archived from the original on 20 August Retrieved 14 April Retrieved 31 July Retrieved 13 July They replaced Wolfgang Kleff in goal to Uli Sude.

The sporting record did not improve in the following two seasons. With a seventh place in Borussia missed the participation in the international competitions.

The following year, Uwe Kamps guarded the goal for the first time, and remained long-time goalkeeper for a many years. In the —84 season Borussia played for the title.

It was the first time in the history of the Bundesliga that three clubs tied the table on the last matchday. In the —85 season Borussia won 10—0 on Matchday 8 against Eintracht Braunschweig which is so far the last two-digit victory in Bundesliga history.

This remained the only goal of the evening, so that Borussia missed the entry into the final. The season —86 brought no sporting highlights in the Bundesliga.

In the —87 season was again a coach change. Jupp Heynckes announced his move to Bayern Munich. The club nominated Wolf Werner as the new coach.

At the end of the season Borussia stood with the third place in the table for the last time in this decade at a UEFA Cup place. After the departure of Jupp Heynckes , the era of long-standing engagements of head coaches ended.

In the first 23 years from to Borussia only had three instructors; Since the departure of Heynckes, Borussia had committed 16 new coaches until , with the exception of interim solutions.

In the next season Borussia signed Stefan Effenberg , a player who worked long and successfully for the club. Borussia finished the season in seventh place and thus missed the participation in international competitions.

The early s followed a significant downward trend. In the following years Borussia placed in the midfield of the league. In the Cup semi-final goalkeeper Uwe Kamps held on penalties all four penalties of the players of Bayer 04 Leverkusen.

Borussia reached the final. Under coach Bernd Krauss , they managed a renewed connection to the Bundesliga top end. Borussia would also win the Supercup against the German champions Borussia Dortmund a few months later.

The club dismissed coach Krauss due to the sporting failure. None of the other four coaches to Krauss remained in office for more than a year.

Under Friedel Rausch could Borussia only hold the bundesliga position after a dramatic season finale in Before the last matchday, the Borussia were three points behind a relegation zone.

On the final day of the season succeeded a away win at VfL Wolfsburg ; Karlsruher SC lost to Hansa Rostock and went down due to the worse goal difference.

In the international arena, the season was disappointing despite two victories in the first round of the UEFA Cup against Arsenal. Borussia lost in the second round of the first leg against AS Monaco, the most recent victory Borussia reached with a in Monaco, but were eliminated from the competition.

As a result, the team lost six matches and drew two draws, so they stood on the ninth day at the bottom of the table. On the tenth and eleventh round followed by a 2: The team remained until the end of the season in 18th place.

After a total of 21 lost games, the consequence was the first descent from the Bundesliga. As a consequence of the descent, several top performers, including goalkeeper Robert Enke , defender Patrik Andersson and midfielder Karlheinz Pflipsen and Sebastian Deisler all left the club.

Finally, in , Gladbach were relegated to 2. Bundesliga , where they would spend two seasons. The first season in the 2nd Bundesliga started the same way as the previous one ended.

Four points were missing for direct promotion. As part of the celebrations, next to coach Hennes Weisweiler the following players were elected by Borussia supporters in the so-called century Elf: Later, large-format posters with images of the players on the north and east sides were attached to the steel exterior of the stadium in Borussia Park.

Borussia won first place in the national fair play ranking in in the draw for a place in the UEFA Cup , but the lot was not drawn.

A victory against the Alemannia would have been enough, because the final opponent Werder Bremen was already qualified for the UEFA Champions League due to the table position.

Uwe Kamps came on in the 82nd minute and came to his th match in the Bundesliga. Borussia had taken steps to improve their financial situation with the construction of a new state-of-the-art stadium called Borussia-Park with a permitted capacity of 59, spectators limited to 54, for Bundesliga games and to 46, for international games.

They were promoted back to the Bundesliga on the 32nd match-day of the —08 season after winning the match against SV Wehen 3—0.

In the Bundesliga they succeeded after 16 years in getting. Due to the seasonally poor athletic performance, a merger of leaders from the local economy founded the initiative Borussia , which accused the club management of mismanagement.

According to the initiative, the old, encrusted structures should be dissolved in order to give Borussia a future. So the money should be invested in the sport rather than in the planned museum complex with attached hotel.

At the Bundesliga home game against 1. The first newcomer in the winter break was the free transfer of striker Mike Hanke of Hannover On 13 February Michael Frontzeck was dismissed due to continued failure as a coach.

Borussia competed in two relegation matches against the second league team VfL Bochum and were able to prevent relegation with a 1—0 at home and a 1—1 draw in Bochum.

The following season, —12 , followed this up with a strong season in which they were for much of the year in contention for the championship and eventually finished in fourth place.

In the —14 Bundesliga season, they had another very successful year, achieving an excellent third-place after the first half of the season and finishing the season in sixth place, entering them into the —15 Europa League competition at the play-off stage.

The club found itself in a tough group [37] together with Juventus , Manchester City and Sevilla and although they finished bottom of the group, they claimed a respectable points tally of five, claiming draws home and away against Juventus and defeating eventual Europa League winners Sevilla 4—2 at home.

In the —17 season , Borussia drew a difficult group in the Champions League , but managed to finish in third place above Celtic and qualify for the UEFA Europa League knockout phase.

However, after a promising start in the Bundesliga, the club experienced a poor run of form exacerbated by injuries, and had dropped to the 14th position by the winter break.

Hecking began with three wins in four Bundesliga matches as Borussia rose to ninth place and also earned a place in the quarter-finals of the DFB-Pokal.

A new record transfer was made by the club for the season. For the German international and world champion Matthias Ginter , the club transferred 17 million euros plus bonus payments to Borussia Dortmund.

In the ninth edition of the Telekom Cup , Borussia had as early as January of the same year again to be content with the fourth and last place after a defeat on penalties against Werder Bremen and against TSG Hoffenheim.

In the league prelude, the Fohlenelf kept by a goal of Nico Elvedi in the Rheinland derby against 1. In the DFB Cup Borussia were eliminated on 20 December in the last competitive game of the year after a defeat in the second round against Bayer 04 Leverkusen in the Borussia-park at home, after the "Werkself" had already on the 9th matchday of the Bundesliga at the same place won 5: The second round match failed; the decisive goal to 1: By contrast, the financial data in the financial year was more positive.

Despite a lack of participation in international competitions, the association posted the second-best result in its history with a turnover of The game was also the last for Hamburg in the highest German league after 55 years of uninterrupted affiliation.

Thus, Borussia surpassed the previous record, which had been set by the club in an victory in the away game at 1. After the DFB Cup match against the 1.

On the other hand, the long friendship with Liverpool F. Fans of Borussia travel to Liverpool at regular intervals to watch local Reds games.

To add insult to injury, Cologne was back under the leadership of Hennes Weisweiler, the personified point of contention between both clubs.

Although neither club has been able to win a Bundesliga title since the —78 season, the rivalry remains, with several incidents of violence between supporters of both clubs.

The official club anthem is the song The Eleven of the Lower Rhine , [57] which is sung before every home game. The song was recorded by the group BO, the band of the fan project.

A first mascot was created by manager Helmut Grasshoff and was called Bumsi. The head was a Telstar - style ball with eyes and black, curly hair.

Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

German Under 17 Champions: Under 17 Bundesliga West. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For recent transfers, see List of German football transfers summer This section does not cite any sources.

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September Learn how and when to remove this template message. Yann Sommer and Timo Horn — bundesliga. Retrieved 17 August Archived from the original on 2 August Retrieved 22 August Rheinische Post Verlagsgesellschaft mbH , pp.

Retrieved 27 April Das Lexikon in German , Sportverlag, p. Archived from the original on 1 August Retrieved 16 March Retrieved 22 November Retrieved 22 March Deutsche Pokalgeschichte seit Bilder, Statistiken, Geschichten, Aufstellungen.

Archived from the original on 22 March Retrieved 26 September Die Zeit , Nr. Retrieved 12 February Retrieved 8 July Retrieved 9 July Gladbachs Opposition fordert Aktiengesellschaft".

Retrieved 11 December Archived from the original on 20 December Retrieved 10 September Retrieved 12 December Retrieved 27 December Archived from the original on 16 February Retrieved 2 September