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Finally, we demonstrate that all breakpoint regions are rich in long repetitive motifs, namely LINE/L1 and SINE/Alu sequences, but all breakpoints were exclusively identified outside these repetitive DNA sequences.

CONCLUSION: We have identified CT45A2 as a novel spliced MLL fusion partner in a pediatric patient with de novo biphenotypic acute leukemia, as a result of a cryptic insertion of 11q23 in Xq26.3.

Since CT45A2 is the first Cancer/Testis antigen family gene found fused with MLL in acute leukemia, future studies addressing its biologic relevance for leukemogenesis are warranted.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] An ERP study of second language learning after childhood: effects of proficiency.

One approach to address this issue is to compare the processes of second language (L2) learning after childhood and those of first language (L1) learning during childhood.

To study the cortical process of postchildhood L2 learning, we compared event-related brain potentials recorded from two groups of adult Japanese speakers who attained either high or intermediate proficiency in English after childhood (J-High and J-Low), and adult native English speakers (ENG).

Because early maturation and stability of semantic processing as opposed to syntactic processing are also a feature of L1 processing, postchildhood L2 learning may be governed by the same brain properties as those which govern childhoodL1 learning.

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Universal expression of cell adhesion molecule NCAM in neuroblastoma in contrast to L1: implications for different roles in tumor biology of neuroblastoma?

NCAM is a cell adhesion molecule belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily with structural similarities to cell adhesion molecule L1.

The aim of this study was to determine the expression of NCAM in neuroblastoma and to compare the results to the findings of a previous study which examined L1 expression in the same group of patients.

RESULTS: Strong expression of NCAM was detected in all of the 66 (100%) neuroblastoma tumors in contrast to L1 which was not expressed in all tumors.

CONCLUSION: In contrast to L1, which was found to predict favorable outcome, NCAM is universally expressed in neuroblastoma.

Therefore NCAM represents a marker for neuroblastomas irrespectively of their stages whereas L1 as an indicator for developing neuronal cells seems to identify more mature stages of this tumor.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) gene plays a major role in the development of the white matter and its mutation in humans (callosal agenesis, retardation, adducted thumbs, spasticity, and hydrocephalus syndrome, Bickers-Adams syndrome) or in mice causes similar defects of the corpus callosum, septum pellucidum, centrum semi-ovale, and cortico-spinal tracts.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Groups were defined as follows: group I, L5 or below (meaning that all the patients in this group have a paralysis that at least leaves the L5 segment intact); group II, L3-L4; group III, L1-L2; group IV, T12 and above (meaning that all the patients in this group have a paralysis that reaches T11 or above).

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by periods of remission with recurrent episodes of symptom exacerbation because of acute intestinal inflammation, which is correctly evaluated by endoscopy with biopsy sampling.

The aim of our study was to retrospectively assess the clinical efficacy of the calprotectin assay in determining histological relapses of pediatric IBD patients.

CONCLUSIONS: FC seems to be a direct measure of intestinal inflammation and therefore a good marker of the risk of histological relapse in pediatric IBD patients.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

It is exceedingly uncommon in the pediatric population.

Deep wound infection after adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery is a well-known entity that has been reported in several studies; however, we could find no documented incidences of epidural abscess resulting from adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery in the pediatric population.

Her postoperative course was complicated by acute wound infection that underwent irrigation and debridement with retention of implants.

RESULTS: After magnetic resonance imaging confirmation of a T5 to T10 epidural mass, the patient underwent debridement through her fusion mass from T5 to L1.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Early and reliable diagnosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in childhood and adolescence: contribution of cytomorphology and flow cytometric immunophenotyping.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) represents one of the most rapidly growing malignancies in childhood and adolescence.

The authors identified 23 patients with Burkitt lymphoma by the combination of FAB L3 morphology and a mature B-cell phenotype and 22 patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma by FAB L1/L2 morphology and a T-/B-cell precursor phenotype.

Burkitt lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, and, in a few cases, some large cell lymphomas could be classified reliably by cytomorphology and immunophenotyping of freshly obtained tumor cell material, enabling an early start of specific lymphoma treatment.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this prospective case-control study were to study the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in tonsillectomy specimens from pediatric patients without recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), and to study methods of HPV detection.

METHODS: Fifty pediatric patients without known RRP undergoing tonsillectomy for hypertrophy or recurrent tonsillitis were enrolled in the study.

Subsequently, he was transfer to Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) for proper management.

So, an awareness of varied clinical and radiological manifestations of childhood ALL in bone marrow and skeletal system are needed in order to establish a correct diagnosis when the presenting signs and symptoms are enigmatic.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

CONCLUSIONS: In pediatric patients with recurrent abdominal pain and changes in stool habits, a positive calprotectin assay is closely associated with IBD; its systematic employment, therefore, seems to improve the process of endoscopy referral.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The ability to treat severe pediatric and adult spinal deformities through an all-posterior vertebral column resection (VCR) has obviated the need for a circumferential approach in primary and revision surgery, but there is limited literature evaluating this new approach.

Forty (93%) procedures were performed at L1 or cephalad in the spinal cord (SC) territory.

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