Reproductive Tract Abnormalities

Reproductive tract abnormalities can affect the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and internal lining of the pelvis (peritoneum). Women with these abnormalities may have a variety of symptoms including pelvic pain, infertility, abnormal bleeding or no symptoms at all. Women who experience symptoms, or have a problem detected at the time of their annual gynecologic evaluation, should have a complete evaluation by their gynecologist to determine whether they have a reproductive tract abnormality. These problems may include the following:

Ovarian cysts are ovarian enlargements caused by problems related to ovulation or caused by growth of abnormal tissues on the ovaries.

Endometriosis is when the uterine (endometrial) lining grows in locations outside of the uterus such as in the fallopian tubes, ovaries, bowel or bladder.

Uterine fibroids are benign muscle growths that develop in and on the uterus. They often cause heavy menses (periods).

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is an infection of the endometrium (the lining of the uterus), the fallopian tubes or the ovaries.

Polyps are a nonmalignant growth or tumor protruding from the mucous lining of an organ

These abnormalities must be treated in a timely manner to maintain or restore optimal functioning of these organs. Reproductive endocrinologists are specially trained to manage these abnormalities with medical and surgical therapies. Because not every woman should be treated in the same way, these specialists can give patients the most up-to-date information on treatment possibilities and discuss which options are most appropriate for each woman.

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