While most eyes will watch the play and the scoreboard
tomorrow evening, some experts viewing tomorrow’s Super Bowl will be watching
with concern for certain kinds of hits that start from the head and that leave
a player seeing stars – or worse.

Ex NFL players experience traumatic brain injury at rates
far above the general population; neural injuries that most believe occur as a
result of the concussions that many if not most players experience throughout
playing careers that can span decades.

Dallas
Clark has had 4 major concussions as an NFL player

Anthony
Hargrove of the Saints has had multiple concussions throughout his career

An NFL commissioned study shows that ex NFL players
between the ages of 30 and 49 are 19 times more likely to suffer from
Alzheimer’s or other dementia like disorders than men from the general
population. Those with a history of concussions seem most at risk of thee
memory diseases.

Rule Changes to Protect Players

While many around the league previously thought that concussions
were a concern only if collisions led to a loss of consciousness, a rule change
this year means that players who suffer a hit to the head and who have
temporary cognition problems, lasting headache, any gap in memory or any
dizziness must sit out the remainder of the game.

The NFL now takes concussions very seriously
(although they have faced great criticism for how head injuries were handled
until very recently) but convincing players of the import of brain safety is
another thing altogether.

Toughness Culture

Many players say that they feel they must go out and
play every down they possibly can to safeguard their livelihood, lest someone
else come in, play well, and take their
position. Additionally, an enduring toughness culture in the league has long
held in esteem those who ‘shake off’ injuries, including head injuries, to get
the job done on the field for the team.

Earlier this season Steelers receiver Hines Ward was
publically critical of quarterback Ben Roethlisberger for sitting out a game
after a concussion

While the effects of major concussions aren’t easily hid,
minor, more frequently experienced concussions may cause only seconds of
dizziness or blackness. By regulation, a player who has experienced such a
concussion should leave the field, but in reality, many players are reluctant
to admit to something that will have them benched.

While getting payers to admit to small but still serious
concussions remains a challenge, there are many in the game that take the issue
very seriously. Colt quarterback Payton Manning commented on the issue, saying,
"I'm very aware of the players of yesteryear who are struggling
physically, mentally, so it's a very serious deal. I think current players are
realizing just how serious."

Research Findings

With the NFL newly serious and ready to change the way the
game is played, if necessary, to protect the health of the league’s players,
all eyes are on researchers like Kevin Guskiewicz out of the University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, to hopefully provide some
clarity and solutions.

Guskiewicz has enrolled 3000 ex NFL players in a study to
look for brain scarring and swelling in certain areas of the brain (the same
regions of the brain that show damage in early Alzheimer’s patients). He thinks
that he’ll find the physical evidence of years of hard hitting that’s putting players
at such an elevated risk – and with an understanding of exactly where the damage
occurs, maybe gain an understanding of what can be done to prevent such neural
damage.

In separate research, doctors at the Center for the Study of
Traumatic Encephalopathy at Boston University School of Medicine have persuaded
more than a dozen ex pro players to donate their brains to science after death,
to help medical researchers get a better understanding of the physical damage
concussions can cause in the brain.

Among those who’ve pledged to help include former Dolphins
star Zach Thomas, who explained his reasoning, saying, “The scientific findings
to date are clear that repetitive trauma to the head results in [chronic
traumatic encephalopathy] in many athletes. I want to do my part to help the
researchers understand this disease and to discover treatments and an eventual
cure.” His goal, he says, is to ensure the survival of a game he loves.