Gemmological Refractometers are used to measure the Refractive Index of gemstones, as well as the index double Refraction. Through the parameter you can judge whether a gem is uniaxial or biaxial photo-positive or photo-negative.

Polariscopes are used to quickly and easily check if gemstones are single or double refracting. Very useful in identifying Moissanite, and detecting strains in diamonds, and other gems. Polariscopes are also used to separate synthetic amethyst from genuine. This desktop instrument has a built in light source.

Ruby Filter is a filter that is extremely useful in differentiating red stones such as Ruby, Spinel, Tourmaline, and Garnets from others that might look similar in comparison. Using it is as simple as holding the filter close to your eye, look at the stones, examine your gems and reveal their true identity.

The hand held spectroscope in visible light shows the spectral lines of the element that produces its colour. Proper use requires training and use of appropriate light sources. It helps to separate ruby (chrome) against red or pink sapphire (iron) to name only one example.