Following the analytical framework, the chapter analyses the changing national political arenas in the Brazilian, Chinese, and Russian contexts. It addresses the question of how QAE has changed the roles of national and international actors in policymaking. It uses interviews with representatives of international and national organisations and with individual actors as empirical material and document analysis as background material. It concludes that enhanced data infrastructure and expertise, along with other resources, have made national governments less dependent on international organisations but at the same time more interested in and interlinked with international trends.