They came to request that the French not involve
them in their
squabbles with the English.

The French begin their 40 year war of genocide
against the Fox Indians.

The Metis are reported to be swarming throughout
the West.

The French establish a Policy of Non-Exploration
into the
Indian Territories for the next 10 years.

The Metis and Coureurs des Bois, however,
continue to
conduct expeditions into the North and South West.

They are in the process of nation building.

1700

When we read the birth, marriage and death records for
the next 50 years, as recorded by the Jesuits, we note that most considered
unions between the French and French Metis with savage pagans (un-baptized
women) are usually ignored and the children are considered as bastards.
Many Jesuit would not even marry or baptize the children of such unions.
They often referred to the savages, country wives as slaves. The Jesuits
did not consider that a marriage between two people and God as celebrated
by the community as a valid union. They however would except a baptism by
a non-priest especially if the parties involved were influential.

Typical Metis and Coureurs des Bois (runners of the woods)
clothing in the early 1700's. They also smeared their faces with grease
and paint, like the Indians, as a protection against mosquitoes and black
flies. Some estimates put the engages (Voyagers) as 400 to 500 each year
and the Coureurs des Bois as 2,500 to 3,000 to say nothing of those Metis
in the field.

The Ojibwa are reported to be trading to the Hudson Bay
at this time.

Louis Thomas Joncaire de Chabert (1670-1740) is with Father
Bruyas and Sieur de Maricourt at Fort Ononage.

Illinois, Mississippi voyage (II)-Louis Michel Duhemme
dit Terrin born 1671 son (I)-Jean Duhemme: Hueri of Flevre, source (see
Relation of the voyage of the R.P. Jacques Gravel S.J. in 1700, country
of Illinois of the Mississippi, edition shea, 1859 P.11). He had one recorded
son (III)-Francois Duhemme who married Marie Charlotte Guignard, a.ka. Dinhargue
a Basque.

Pierre Sidrac Dugue dit Laf, sieur de Boisbriant (Boisbriand)
(1675-1740), was at Fort Biloxi, Louisiana, across the bay from the present-day
city of Biloxi (Harrison), Mississippi, with his cousins, the Le Moyne brothers,
as part of the French plan to secure the mouth of the Mississippi River
for France. This was to establish the end link of forts, stretching back
to New France, to cut off further English and Spanish expansion to the Mississippi..

During the period 1700 to 1716, the Fox (Ojibwa) became
the only Algonquian speaking Natives to war against the French, being provoked
by the Jesuit; many said. Jean Baptiste Le Moyne sieur of Bienville (1680-1768)
explored the Red River of the North, this year. This is probably the Red
River of the Dakotas, but could also include the River of the North into
Manitoba.

Fort Michipicoten, Ojibwa Country, on Michipicoten Bay,
Lake Superior is believed built about this time. Fort L'Huiltier is establishing
about this time at the confluence of the Minnesota and Green Rivers called
the St. Peter's and Verte Rivers at this time. It is destroyed by 1739 and
rebuilt, being named Fort Verde.

Father (I)-Jacques Gravier (1651-1708), a Jesuit on the
Mississipi, with the Illinois, encountered the sick Louis Du Hemme, of Riviere
Du Loop and Augustin from Point of Coste de St. Michel in Canada. Pierre
Chabot of the Island of Orleans is also sick.

Fort Pimitoui is closed as a result of the French closure
of the fur trade.

April: Jean Penicaut, a boat builder on the Minnesota River
at the mouth of the Blue Earth at the new Fort L'Huillier near Mankato,
Minnesota, encountered 7 traders (Coureurs des Bois or Metis) who wintered
near the Fort this season. The Jean Penicaut party included d'Iberville
and nineteen men. Louis Junchereau, dit St. Denis/Denys (1674-1744), is
at the mouth of the Mississippi River with d'Iberville. (d'Iberville is
likely Pierre Le Moyne (1661-1706).)

The French built Fort St. Croix on the St. Croix River,
Wisconsin (western Lake Superior 75 miles SW La Pointe) is 40 leagues from
the mouth of the river and is abandoned by 1755. The Metis build Fort Portage
De L'Isle on Winnipeg River, just below Terre Blanche Portage. Fort Michipicoten
is built on Michipicoten Bay, Lake Superior. Fort Mattagami on Lake Mattagami,
(Ontario) is built as an outpost of Fort St. Germain.

The Ojibwa term muskig was adopted by the Metis as muskeg
and crept into common usage to describe a unique type of terrain.

Ojibwa tradition suggests that the Yankton Dakota, at this
time, occupied much of the prairies near the Red River of the North. North
of the Yankton lived the Kenisteno and the Assineboins. The Ojibwa are also
known to be among these peoples.

Rimouski St. Octave de Metis Mission is established this
year.

Pierre Du Roy (LeRoy) (1676-1743) is claimed to be the
first settler in or near Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), 1st married
1703 at Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan) to Marguerite Ouabankikoue (Ouankikove/Ouabankiknove),
Miami, died October 31, 1732, others suggest she had 6 children which questions
the second marriage, 2nd marriage in 1705 at Laprairie to Marie Angelique
Faye Lafaillette. It is noteworthy that the Detroit area was the location
of a Metis Settlement long before the French established their Fort and
was likely preceded by an Indian settlement.

September: Pierre Charles Le Sueur (1672-1704) and 24 French
arrived from the mouth of the Mississippi at Nicolas Perrot's Island Post
of Isle Pelee, above Lake Bon Secours or Lake Pepin. They wintered here,
trafficking in furs and other merchandise. They traded with the Cioux, Mententons,
Mencouacantons, Ouytespouy, and some other Cioux of the soil.

1701

Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan) or vicinity, birth,
(II)-Alexis Bienvenue, died Detroit, New France (Michigan) October 13, 1763
son (I)-Francois Bienvenue akaDelisle or DeLisle,
born 1663, died September 29, 1751, is believed by some to frequent Fort
Detroit before 1700. His wives include Genevieve Laferiere, and 2ndmarriage
1708, Marianne Lemoine: Alexis married January 17, 1740 (III)-Elisabeth
(Josette) Bouron who died May 30, 1758 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan)
daughter (II)-Joseph Bouron.

Pierre Francois Xavier de Charlevoix (1682-1761) contends
that the Outagamis became fierce savages about this time because of ill
treatment by the French for the next twenty years, and formed an alliance
with the Iroquois as enemies to the French and with the Dakota; a numerous
Nation. This second alliance has rendered all navigation of the upper Mississippi
almost impracticable.

Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth 1701 to 1703
Theresa Tonti is assumed to be the first recorded child born at Fort Detroit,
daughter Alphonse Tonti, Baron of Paludy (1659-1727) and Mary Ann Picote
de Belestre born February 9, 1673 Montreal died September 11, 1714 Montreal
daughter Peter Picote de Belestre and Mary Pars.

The Green Bay, New France (Michigan), Region is reported
swarming with Coureurs des Bois (Metis), going unchecked by the French as
they are banned from trading Lake Superior because of the Jesuits. The Peoria
People blamed the Jesuits for the drop in fur value and killed Father Jacques
Gravier, Jesuit.

Only twenty five Wendat remained at Michilimackinac, New
France (Michigan), and (I)-Antoine Laumet de La Mothe sieur de Cadillac
(1658-1730) wrote that he hoped the obstinate resident priest, Father (I)-Etienne
Carheil (1633-1726), a Jesuits, will die in his Parish without one parishioner
to bury him. He said, of the Jesuit conduct, that it smelled of seduction
a hundred yards off. The Jesuits are not allowed to establish a mission
at Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan). Father Constantin De L'Halle, killed
1723, a Recollect, is invited and he built the first church on July 26 and
called it Ste. Anne. The Jesuit would conspire towards Cadillac's demise
and this subversion would be long remembered by the native peoples.

(I)-Antoine Laumet de La Mothe sieur de Cadillac (1658-1730)
claimed that no one had ever visited this part of the country, Fort Detroit,
before himself. This was an absurd statement to make as he was fully aware
the Metis and Coureurs des Bois had been everywhere before him. There is
also reason to believe some were living among the Indians who had villages
near this place. He likely made this statement so that the Jesuits could
not lay claim to having made a mission with the Indians in this area and
therefore had a right to attend to Fort Detroit. It is noteworthy that this
was historically the lands of the Fox (Ojibwa) Indians.

Madame (III)-Marie Therese Guyon Cadillac, born April 9,
1671, joined her husband on September 10 with five of their thirteen children
at Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan). Guyon had married (I)-Antoine Laumet
de La Mothe sieur de Cadillac (1658-1730) June 25, 1687 Quebec. (II)-Antoine
Laumet, and (II)-Jacques Laumet were two of the older sons. The intent of
Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan) at this time, by King Louis XIV (1643­1715),
is to get rid of the Coureurs des Bois (Metis) or to curb their activities.
The King had to admit that all attempts to date had failed and their numbers
continued to grow. A number of canoes of the Alphonse Tonty (1659-1727)
party had defected to the Coureurs des Bois; so strong are the pull of freedom
and free trade. One hundred and fifty disgruntled merchant investors in
Mackinaw, New France (Michigan), protested their loss of business and are
offered shares in the Compagnie de la Colonie du Canada.

Some thirteen hundred delegates representing 33 different
Nations from all tribes, from the Atlantic to Lake Winnipeg (Lake Bourbon)
and beyond the Mississippi, met in Montreal, Quebec, to enter into a peace
treaty, to remain neutral in any future conflict between the English and
French. The French are just beginning to appreciate the vast country and
how immense it really is.

The British and French war of 1701-1713 appears to have
had little impact on the Western interior. The French retain control of
the Bay of the North, and Fort Albany, James Bay (Ontario) remains in the
hands of the English. The Hudson Bay Company is effectively insolvent, with
no significant activity and no dividends are recorded from 1691 to 1717.
Charles Junchereau de Saint Denys (1665-1703) is granted the rights to establish
tanneries at Michilimackinac, Mississippi Valley and Cairo, Illinois.

The Hudson Bay Company reported that the French Canadians
discontinued official expedition into the Country of the Cree and Assiniboine.
This new French policy encouraged the Metis to gain control of the Louisiana
Territory. The evolution of New France maps suggests that the Metis continued
to explore the North West over the next ten years despite the French policy
of non exploration.

The colony of Louisiana consisted of 180 men capable of
bearing arms, 2 French families with 3 girls and 7 boys, and 6 Indian boy
slaves. Most are around Fort Louis de la Louisiane at Mobile, Louisiana,
Alabama. It is noteworthy that the Indian wives and slaves are not included
in the count. It is also noteworthy that, at this time, marriages with Indian
women were not allowed, and Metis offspring were not recognized by the church.

The missionaries abandoned the Cahokia Indian and Metis
Village in upper Louisiana (Illinois) and moved to Kaskaskia (Illinois),
both on the Mississippi River.

May 25: Louis Chouet, a.k.a. Lagiroflee, soldier in company
of Cabana captain, son Jean Chouet and Marie Magdeleine Magdile, departed
for Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), but gave his property to Mary Magdeleine
Delisle in the event of his death.

May 27: (III)-Rene Godefroy (Godfroy) (1675-1748), Monsieur
de Linctot, (II)-Louis Gateau, alias Gastineau dit Duplessis, Sieur de Ste
Anne (1674-1750) and (II)-Jean Baptiste Giguere (ancient voyager, out of
Montreal, Quebec) (1660-1750) are listed as voyager's West, and his brother
(II)-Jean Giguere (1663-1711) is also listed but no specific year and date
of travel is given.

May 29: Louis Badeillac, a.k.a. Laplante, arrived Fort
Detroit, New France (Michigan) in the first convoy.

June 1/5: (I)-Alphonse Tonty (1650/1659-1727) Captain of
the Company, the brother of (I)-Henri de Tonty (1649/50-1704), the Italian,
second in command Fort Pontchartrain du Detroit, New France (Michigan) with
(I)-Antoine Laumet de La Mothe sieur de Cadillac (1658-1730), Jesuit Father
Vaillant, Recollet Father Constantine, Dugue, Chacornacle and 100 Men (50%
soldiers) with twenty five canoe went to build Fort Pontchartrain du Detroit,
New France (Michigan) traveling via Fort Michilimackinac. This long out
of the way route is alleged to be taken to retrieve a Cadillac cache of
198 pots of brandy which are hidden in the woods near the Post and to pick
up a cannon, muskets and munitions. These had been seized from unauthorized
Coureurs des Bois (Metis) and really belonged to Montreal merchants. (I)-Antoine
Laumet de La Mothe sieur de Cadillac (1658-1730), under command of (I)-Alphonse
Tonty (1659-1727) - the brother of (I)-Henri de Tonty (1649-1704), the Italian,
established Post Pontchartrain d'etroit, drawing many of the personnel from
the Jesuit mission of Father (I)-Etienne Carheil (1633-1726), the Jesuit
of Michilimackinac. He used 100 Algonquian, 50 Frenchmen and 50 soldiers
to build the Fort. He named this Fort, Pontchartrain d'Etroit (also known
as Fort Ticksarondis). He reported that about six thousand Indians are camped
about the Fort. (I)-Antoine Laumet de Lamothe Cadillac (1658-1730) would
later claim that he invited the Indians to Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan)
and most authorities in France are well aware that he makes less than honest
claims. He would also claim that they were the first ones in this region,
and that his wife, (III)-Marie Therese Guyon born 1671, and Tonty's wife
were the first white women in this region. This was also a bold unsupported
claim.

June 4: Charles Juchereau de Saint-Denys (1655-1703) is
granted the rights to establish tanneries in the Mississippi Valley, at
Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan), and at Cairo, Illinois Country.

June 28: Jean Baptiste Gigulere died April 18, 1750 departed
Montreal, Quebec, for Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan) having made a
present of his propertyin event of his death to Louise Maignan whom he married
on January 22, 1704, in Montreal, Quebec upon his return. His brother, Robert
Gigulere, born January 28, 1663 and died December 10, 1711 Montreal, Quebec
is also at Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).

June 28: (II)-Mathieu Perrin, also Garao, alias Garaut,
Gavahau and Perrin de Louarget (1664-1742,) born Bout de I'lle, Montreal,
Quebec and departed Montreal, Quebec as engage (Voyager) to the West. (II)-Mathieu
Garno is the father of (III)-Oliver Garno (born 1706), alias Garneau and,
Perrin de Louarget.

July 10: Jean Francois Volant sieur de Fosseneuve born
1670 went to Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), as a hunter and married
June 6, 1701, Marguerite Godfroy.

July 24: (I)-Antoine Laumet de Lamothe Cadillac (1658-1730)
arrived at Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan). He selected this location
hoping to prevent the Indians, Metis and Coureurs des Bois from trading
with the English.

September 5: Robert Reaume, brother Charles Reaume, (III)-Joseph
Trotier dit Desruisseaux (1668-1709 or 16) and Toussaint Pothier dit Laverdure
are engaged to escort Francis Mary Picote de Belestre and equipages, Mrs
De Lamothe Cadaillac, Mrs Alphonse Tonti and their children from Montreal,
Quebec, to Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).

Pierre Le Moyne d' Iberville et d'Ardillieres (1661-1706)
departs the Louisiana Territories, never to return, and is assumed to have
died or was killed..

Mobile, Louisiana, birth Claude Jousset, Creole Metis son
of a Canadian and unknown woman.

Charles Junchereau d-1704, son Nicolas Junchereau established
a trading post at the mouth of the Ohio River near future Fort Massac.

A considerable number of French Metis had settled at Cahokia
in the Mississippi Valley. This was an established place long before Kaskaskia.
Most of the inhabitants of the French fort at Kaskaskia took Indian wives
to form the nucleus of the Village of Kaskaskia, Illinois.

Pierre Cardinal (1665-1719) and Francois Dauphin/Daupin,
sieur de Laforest (1649-1714) are with Charles Junchereau de St. Denis on
his venture on the Mississippi. They were accused of trading illegally on
the Mississippi by Boishebert. The concession at Fort St. Louis was revoked,
and Francois Dauphin/Daupin, sieur de Laforest (1649-1714) was recalled
to New France but continued to trade illegally with Pierre LeSueur (1672-1704).
The claim apparently did not stick, as he replaced (I)-Antoine Laumet de
Lamothe Cadillac (1658-1730) at Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), in
1710.

Europe is again at war. The Sac and Fox attack Fort Mahkahto
(Ouabache) at Blue Earth River (Minnesota), killing three of his 16 men.
D'Evaque Pierre Charles LeSueur (1672-1704) is forced to abandon the Post
and returned to Louisiana. They encountered Charles Juchereau, sieur de
St. Denis/Denys de Beaumarchis (1655-1703), son Nicolas Junchereau de St.
Denis de Beauport and Marie Therese Giffard, with a concession in the Ohio
Valley to establish a fort at the mouth of the Ohio River (Ouabache (Cairo,
Illinois)). His thirty five men party were in eight canoes. Members of his
party included: Charles Denu Detaillis, Nicolas Laberge, Paul Teyssier,
Francois Legardeur de Mutrecy, Nicolas Le Moyne sieur de Leau, Alexis Legay,
Gabriel Philippe sieur de Manteville, Pierre Cardinal, Paul Groust, Reverand
Jean Mermet and Francois Marie Bouet. Juchereau had plans to establish a
tannery at the mouth of the Ohio to process buffalo skins. This business
venture ended in tragedy, as most contracted and died from malaria. Sieur
de St. Lambert takes command of this Post in 1703, upon the death of Juchereau.
The Indians on the Fox-Wisconsin waterway demanded and received tribute
for the use of their trade route. Some suggest Juchereau was responsible
for Michilimackinac, Green Bay, Wisconsin River and the Mississippi River.

Fort L'Huillier is operating this year with 12 men near
Blue Earth on the Minnesota River, but the site is believed abandoned later
this same year.

Onanguisse, a Potawatomi Chief, threatened to trade with
the English speaking people unless the French established better trade.
The establishment of Saint Michael'sMission in the
south west corner of Lake Superior, Ojibwa Country, occurred this year.
The French complained this year that the Metis (Coureurs des Bois) are also
swarming throughout the Western Country.

Fort Louis at Mobile, Louisiana- a supply ship, arrived
with 23 women for marriage, along with 75 soldiers, of which 30 died shortly
after their arrival.

The frontier villages were mostly made from stakes, driven
into the ground as closely as possible and the spaces filled with mud or
mortar. The roof was made of tree bark or split rails. Sawing lumber or
log cabins at this time was too labor intensive.

The Jesuit (I)-Sebastian Rale (Rasles), (1657-1724), a
Jesuit, a rigid and unbending man, and a missionary of the Abenaki, wrote
that the Abenaki are ready to lift the hatchet against the English speaking
peoples. He would die, not a martyr, but as a soldier. Another Jesuit of
the time wrote that the priests abhorred the sending down of the heathen
to commit outrages against the English speaking peoples, saying it is more
like committing murders than managing a war. Mostly women and children are
being targeted and killed. A ten year, Jesuit inspired war against the English
and Coureurs des Bois (Metis) would commence. The Jesuit war is really a
war of French Roman Catholic vs. American Protestant, as America is peopled
with all nationalities of Europe including thousands of French Protestants.

Fort Detroit, New France had constructed a picket line
palisade enclosing 1 arpent of land, about 800 feet in length, rising 12
to 15 feet to defend against the Indians. There were no women in the fort
at this time.

Madam Cadillac and Tonty's wife arrived in the spring of
1702.

Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan) planted Indian corn
that grew to 8 feet tall, and each soldier (50 men) were required to plant
1/2 acre garden for their own use and the citizens planted 60 arpents of
wheat. Wild grapes, fruit, berries and nuts were also harvested.

July 5: (I)-Father Francois Pinet (1661-1704) departed
Tamarous or Arkinsa for Cascaskias (Kaskaskia, Illinois). It is noted that
many Frenchmen are at Kaskaskia, Illinois and some have married to Indian
women.

August 30: Father (I)-Etienne de Carheil (1633-1726), a
Jesuit of Mackinac, complained to (I)-Louis Hector de Callieres (1648-1703)
Governor of New France about Michilimakina. He wrote: "The infinite
multitude of evil acts, acts of brutality and violence; of injustice and
impiety; of lewd and shameless conduct; of contempt and insults. The infamous
trade in brandy where they go from village to village with prodigious quantity
of brandy in barrels, without any constraint." His complaints are not
just directed at the Metis, Coureurs des Bois and Voyagers but at the soldiers
and commandants of the forts and posts. He said: These places are turned
into brothels.

The soldiers keep open house for all women of their acquaintance,
they gamble, they scorn to observe-the feast-days. They have no intercourse
with the missionaries (himself). They are hostile to the fathers (again
himself). We now have no power. The Voyageurs, the only authorized traders,
conspire with the Coureurs des Bois and the soldiers against the Missionaries.
These fugitive Voyagers, go about seducing the women, in all the cabins
where they lodge; or they go to visit them, entertain them, caress them,
solicit them, and purchase the enjoyment of their bodies. These men justify
the women's presents as, who would pound the corn, do the cooking, cut the
wood, do the laundresses, make shoes, garters and pouches, and other articles.
They only use the excuses to justify the commerce of the woman's bodies.
This will cause their infallibly ruin of our missions. The liberty of women
among the French must be taken away. The doors should remain open when they
visit on business so they can be spied upon. They are the prostitutes of
this place.

Rafel Bienvenue born 1703 died April 24, 1706 Fort Detroit,
New France (Michigan), age 2 son Francois Bienvenue aka Delisle or DeLisle
born 1663 died September 29, 1751 is believed by some to frequent Fort Detroit,
New France (Michigan) before 1700. His wives include Genevieve Laferiere,
and 2nd Marianne Lemoine, some believe this is an error, possible he had
both wives same time??

Madam Guillaume Bouche (Jeanne Beauvais) is believed to
have died this year.

Maps compiled from last century and first published during
this period, covers the Northern Bay (Hudson Bay), Lake Winnipeg (Lake Bourbon),
Red Lake, Missouri River (Pekitanoui) and Mississippi River Systems. The
French Government issued yet another Act of Amnesty for all illegal traders,
those Coureurs des Bois (Metis), to come down from the West. They are requested
to give themselves up. Few responded, not wanting to give up their freedom.
A roundup of these Metis criminals caused many to flee further to the west
and to Louisiana of the south where they are most welcomed.

The Massachusetts colony offered $60 for each Indian scalp.

The Company of New France claimed the trading rights previously
granted to Cadillac and provided him with a salary as commandant. This effectively
destroyed his incentive to build a colony, he devoted his energy trying
to regain the trading rights.

The Fort Detroit, New France, (Ste-Anne) church records
for 1701-1702-1703 are assumed burnt in the fire in Fort Detroit, New France
(Michigan), that destroyed the church and house of the Recollects, and some
believe Alphonse Tonti Baron of Paludy may have been responsible.

July 6: Francoise Dumouchel daughter Bernard Dumouchel
dit Laroche agreed to serve Madam De La Mothe in Fort Detroit, New France
(Michigan), for two years.

July 10: Claude Rivard sieur de Lorange agreed with the
company of the colony, represented by Francoise Dumontier of Montreal, Quebec,
and Etienne Volland de Radisson of Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan),
to go to Detroit July 10, 1703 as an interpreter.

(II)-Rafael Bienvenue born 1704 Detroit died April 24,
1706 Fort Detroit son (I)-Francois Bienvenu aka Delisle or DeLisle born
1663 died September 29, 1751, is believed by some to frequent Fort Detroit,
New France (Michigan), before 1700. His wives include Genevieve Laferiere,
and 2nd marriage 1708, Marianne Lemoine.

(I)-Antoine Laumet de Lamothe Cadillac (1658-1730) is finally
made commander of Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).

Francois Marie Bouet is hiring voyagers for the west from
1704 to 1718.

Jean Baptiste Charles married 1704, Madeleine Illinoise
(Sauvagesse)

(I)-Antoine Laumet de Lamothe Cadillac (1658-1730) at Fort
Detroit, New France (Michigan) received permission to make conveyances on
the lands in and around his village and he applied for the title marquis
of Detroit..

Rev. (II)-John Williams (1664-1729) and his daughter Esther
Williams (1691-1751) who was married to an Indian named Joseph Meacham (likely
a Metis) from Deerfield, Massachusetts, are held prisoner in Quebec. His
wife Eunice Mather (1664-1704) died or was killed on the trip to Quebec.

January 22: Montreal, Quebec, marriage, (II)-Jean Baptiste
Giguere dit Dolsesse, an ancient voyager, born 1660 died April 18, 1750
Montreal, Quebec, married (II)-Louise Magnan born 1675, died November 17,
1740 Montreal, Quebec, all children born Montreal, Quebec.

February 29: Deerfield, Massachusetts; Captured by Indians,
a Sarah Mattoon Fields born April 25, 1687, died March 21, 1752, married
December 31, 1711 Zechariah. It is believed she was taken to Canada were
she lived until about 1709, living among the Indians.

March 5: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), baptism (II)-Joseph
Bienvenu dit Delise died December 3, 1711 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan),
son (I)-Francois Bienvenue aka Delisle or DeLisle born 1663 died September
29, 1751 is believed by some to frequent Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan),
before 1700. His wives include Genevieve Laferiere, and 2nd marriage 1708,
Marianne Lemoine:

The existence of the Coureurs des Bois is a perpetual state
of idleness that leads them to all manner of disorderliness. They sleep,
smoke and drink alcohol- regardless of the cost - and they often corrupt
the woman and daughters of the Natives. They are totally independent and
accountable to no one; they recognize no superior, judge, law or police,
and they refuse to subordinate.

(I)-Henry Kelsey (1667-1724), an apprentice, is appointed
by the H.B.C. as Chief Trader at Albany.

Arrived with step father Peter Robert 1705-06 John Francois
Peltier born August 15, 1691 Sorel died 1723 son Francois Peltier died before
1698; married Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan) Mary Louisa Robert daughter
Peter Robert and Angelica Ptolomee

Quebec did not want Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan)
to be colonized by agriculture, but to focus of the fur trade and hunting.
They gave up everything this year and the whole expense of the government
and church fell on (I)-Antoine Laumet de Lamothe Cadillac (1658-1730). The
public windmill generated revenue for the government as did a church tax
imposed on traders, and a rental tax imposed on residents. Farm lands outside
the Fort were also taxed but at a lower rate. Land not occupied reverted
to Cadillac who could then sell it to another. Cadillac regained his trading
rights to Fort Detroit that was taken away in 1703 by the Company of New
France. The Fort Detroit colony again begin to thrive and expand.

May 30: (II)-Pierre Gareau ,alias St. Onge, Saintonge or
Xaintonge, born May 1, 1673 Boucherville, Quebec died 1740 Montreal, Quebec.
arrived Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), as a canotier. He lived at
St. Paul Street, Montreal, Quebec, with wife Marie Guertin. Pierre owned
a house in Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), under the name Xaintonge.
Maximilien Demers also arrived this date, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).

May 30: Joseph Sarrazin, born February 24, 1681, a canotier,
Pierre Sarazin, born February 26, 1684, a canotier arrived Fort Detroit,
New France (Michigan), and Nicholas Sarrazin born January 12, 1686, all
brothers, sons Nicholas Sarrazin .

May 30: Alexis Picard, born 1681 died April 22, 1745 Montreal,
Quebec, a canotier, arrived Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan). Arrived
with brother Francois Picard, a voyager died October 7, 1728 Fort Detroit,
New France (Michigan), and his wife was Anne Farreau.

Jean Baptiste Chevalier arrived Fort Detroit, New France
(Michigan), married Francoise Alavoine and had one known child named Angelique
who married February 27, 1769 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan) Antoine
Nicolas Lauzon after her parents death.

Reverend Father (I)-Louis Hennepin (1626-1705), a Belgium
Recollet, early explorer of New France, died in Italy in obscurity, unwept
and unhonored. The natives were not pleased with the conduct of this man.
King Louis XIV (1643­1715) is also not pleased with the conduct of the
Friar and would have liked to arrest him if given a chance.

The Jesuit mission, Saint Ignace, near Michilimakinac,
New France (Michigan), burnt and is abandoned. King Louis XIV (1643­1715),
however, ordered the Jesuits to reopen the mission. They returned and built
closer to Mackinaw to the south.

(I)-Michel DeRicheterre arrived Fort Detroit, New France
(Michigan), and returned to Montreal, Quebec, by January 28, 1708.

(I)-Jacob DeMarsac dit Durocher born 1667, died April 27,
1747 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan); married to (III)-Therese David
born 1661 died September 24, 1727 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), daughter
(II)-Claude David.

Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), country marriage,
Veniard (Venyard) de Bourgmont (1680-1730) who went Coureurs de Bois, married
to madame La Chenette aka Techenet alias Elisabeth Couc, they moved into
Indian Country. Elisabeth later joined her brother, Louis Couc, dit Montour,
died 1709, in the English colony and she took the name Madame Montour. She
had a third marriage to Robert Hunter, alias Chief Onneiout Carlindawana,
died 1729.

(I)-Father Jacques Gravier (1651-1708) is attacked by the
Illinois intent on killing him. A good samartan, a stranger in the Illinois
Village, and a Renard (Fox) by nation saved Father Gravier. Jacques dit
Le Castor and all the French agreed Father Gravier should go to Mobile,
Louisiana, for medical attention, to his infected wounds.

(I)-Antoine Laumet Cadillac dit de Lamothe (1658-1730),
hoping to create an empire of his own, invited some 6,000 people to settle
around Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan). These included the Saultier,
Saginaw, Missisauga Ojibwa, Wyandot, Ottawa, Potawatomi, Miami, Illinois
and Osage. He failed to understand that this concentration of people would
completely overwhelm the resources of the area. The result was infighting
and eventually war.

Three horses and 10 head of cattle were brought into Fort
Detroit, New France. A brewery was built and Joseph Parent of Montreal was
recruited as brew master.

January: Etienne Venyard, sieur de Bourgmont (1680-1730)
arrived in Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), (maybe Michillimakinac?),
taking command of the Fort from Tonty. This is a conflict, as Cadillac was
in command from 1701 to 1710? Later, Etienne deserted his post to become
a Coureurs des Bois with other deserters and, according to sieur d'Aigremont,
lived in the woods like a savage with a woman named La Chenette (Tichenet).
(I)-Antoine Laumet de Lamothe Cadillac (1658-1730) sent soldiers after the
deserters, but they escaped, going farther west..

March 2: La Giroffe, a soldier is killed by the Illinois
likely near Detroit.

March 9: Yves Pinet, gunsmith arrived Fort Detroit, New
France (Michigan), indentured for three years.

March 9: Joseph Parent, farmer, toolmaker, brewer, contracted
to go to Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), for three years, married January
31, 1690 Beauport Magdeleine Marette., they brought daughter Marie Madelaine
Parent born December 15, 1692 Beauport, Quebec, and Marguerite Parent born
July 7, 1698, Montreal, Quebec.

April 21: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), baptism
(III)-Pierre Roy, Metis, (1706-1716) son (II)-Pierre Du Roy (1676-1743)
and Marie Angelique Faye Lafaillette, Laprairie. This is either an error,
a different Roy or he had two wives?

April 24: Fort Detroit, New France, death, (II)-Rafael
Bienvenue born 1704 Detroit died April 24, 1706 Fort Detroit son (I)-Francois
Bienvenu aka Delisle or DeLisle born 1663 died September 29, 1751, is believed
by some to frequent Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), before 1700. His
wives include Genevieve Laferiere, and 2nd marriage 1708, Marianne Lemoine.

May 29: Jacques Minuille (Minville or Miville) (married
to Catherine Lescuter, Montreal, Quebec), with Paul Lescuyer born Fedruary
15, 1676 Montreal, Quebec, and Jean Lescuyer born June 16, 1681 Montreal,
Quebec, sons Pierre Lescuyer arrived Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan),
with 10 cattle, three horses from Fort Frontenac (Kingston, Ontario) to
Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), for Cadillac. This likely contributed
to the acknowledgment from Versailles that Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan),
was a colony. However, at this time, almost all the furs were being traded
to New York, and there was no doubt that Cadillac was trading with the English.
He also was distributing alcohol and was bribing certain New France citizens
who might otherwise have become his adversaries.

(III)-Oliver Garao, alias Gavahau and Perrin de Louargat,
is born August 31, 1706 at Montreal, Quebec, son of Voyager (II)-Mathieu
Garao born 1664 and (II)-Jeanne Therese Pilet born 1671. There is a possibility
that Oliver or his children are the ancestors of the Lake Superior Gurnoes.
Family tradition, however contends that the Gurnoes came from Quebec, Quebec,
not the Montreal, Quebec, area.

June 21: (II)-Louis Gateau, alias Gatineau, Gastineau dit
Duplessis, Sieur de Ste Anne (1674-1750), a merchant of Quebec, Quebec,
is recorded as a voyager West (Detroit?), married January 21, 1710 to Jeanne
Lemoyne at Batiscan.

August 16: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), baptism,
Antoine Malet son Pierre Mallet and Magdelelne Dufresne: he married August
11, 1730 Therese Mailhot..

October 22: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), baptised,
(II)-Francois De Marsac de Cobtrou dit Durocher son (I)-Jacob de Marsac,
de Cobtroin dit Desrocher (1667-1747), sergeant, and (III)-Therese David
(1661-1727): married (III)-Therese Cecile Campeau born June 16, 1714 Fort
Detroit, New France (Michigan), died

The Hudson Bay Company is so inactive that only one stock
transfer is recorded. At the annual shareholder meeting, only seven of forty
nine shareholders bothered to attend, all retiring Committee members who
promptly re-elected one another plus two absent colleagues, and adjourned
the meeting. It is noteworthy that 17 stockholders are deceased and no one
is interested in recording the new owners; if they exist. Robert Boyle,
who died in 1691, for example, is still listed.

April 13: Jacques Estienne arrived Fort Detroit, New France
(Michigan), an ensign, with load of merchandise for sieur de Bourmont.

April 18: (II)-Marie Anne Beaune (Bone) born 1678 veuve
de Francois Lorry, daughter (I)-Jean Bone (Beaune) and Mary Magdelaine Bourigier,
arrived Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), she married Martin Cirier June
12, 1710. She arrived Detroit April 18, 1707 to serve Cadillac for three
years at 80 livres per year.

July 26: Joseph Catinet of Pointe aux Tremble, Quebec,
was in Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).

August 2: Francois Bienvenue, a.ka. Delisle or DeLisle,
born 1663, died September 29, 1751, arrived Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan),
but is believed by some to frequent Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan),
before 1700. His wives include Genevieve Laferiere, and 2nd Marianne Lemoine.

October 20: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), baptism,
Francois Delainart son Pierre Delainart and Marie Filiastreau. Tanguay concludes
that Pierre Delainart andPierre Hemart who married
Marie Laland are the same person.