1631 – Sebastian Anton Scherer, German organist and composer

Self-Portrait by Elisabeth Sophie Cheron – circa 1670s

1683 – Qing dynasty naval commander Shi Lang reaches Taiwan (under the Kingdom of Tungning) to receive the formal surrender of Zheng Keshuang and Liu Guoxuan after the Battle of Pengh. Zheng Keshuang is the last king of Tungning

1713 – Antoine Dauvergne born, French violinist and composer

1789 – President George Washington issues a proclamation “to recommend to the People of the United States a day of public thanksgiving” on Thursday the 26th day of November

1800 – George Bancroft born, American historian an statesman; advocate for secondary education; established U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis and obtained additional funds for U.S. Naval Observatory during his tenure as U.S. Secretary of the Navy 1845-1846; U.S. Minister plenipotentiary to Britain for discussions on the Oregon boundary dispute (1846-1849); a founding member of the American Geographical Society (AGS); Congress chose him to deliver a special eulogy on Lincoln in 1866

1844 – Sir Patrick Manson born, Scots physician and parasitologist, founder of the field of tropical medicine; first to discover mosquitoes can be hosts to a developing parasite that causes a human disease (filariasis, related to heartworm in dogs)

1849 – Jeannette Gilder born, pioneering American woman journalist; using the pen name “Brunswick,” she wrote for The Boston Evening Transcript and was their New York Correspondent; co-founder with her brother Richard of The Critic (1881-1906), a literary magazine; also joint editor with him of Scribner’s Monthly

1849 – Edgar Allen Poe is found delirious on the street in Baltimore, and taken to Washington Medical College, where he died at early in the morning on October 7. His medical records have been lost, adding to speculation about the cause of his death

1854 – William Crawford Gorgas born, U.S. Army physician, Surgeon General of the U.S Army (1914-1918); worked on abating transmission of malaria and yellow fever by controlling mosquitoes

1858 – Eleonora Duse born, Italian actress, regarded as one of the greatest actors of all time; remembered for roles in plays by Gabriele d’Annunzio and Henrik Ibsen; formed her own company as actor-manager – rival of Sarah Bernhardt

1859 – Lilian Whiting born, journalist and author, The Life Radiant, Land of Enchantment, and The Golden Road

1860 – Annie Horniman born, British theatre manager, co-founder of the Abbey Theatre in Dublin, and the Gaiety Theatre in Manchester, promoted new playwrights

The original Abbey Theatre and Annie Horniman, portrait by Emma Magnus

1863 – President Lincoln declares the last Thursday in November as Thanksgiving Day

The Letter, by Pierre Bonnard (1906)

1872 – The Bloomingdale brothers open their first store in New York City

1873 – Emily Post born, American author and authority on etiquette; Etiquette, her first major book, was successful because it broke new ground, aimed at people who without wealth or social position; her radio program and daily column were so popular, she had to set up a special office to handle the high volume of mail

1873 – “Captain Jack” Kintpuash, chief of the Northern California-Pacific NW Modoc tribe, found guilty of war crimes by the U.S. Army for the ambush killing of General Canby at a peace talk where U.S government insists the Modocs return to the Klamath Reservation, is hanged with three others, and some Modoc warriors were sent to prison.

1885 – Sophie Treadwell born, American playwright, novelist and journalist; Machinalis the best-known of several of her plays that played on Broadway

1888 – Gilbert and Sullivan’s “Yeoman of the Guard” premieres at the Savoy Theatre

1889 – Carl von Ossietzky, German journalist and whistleblower, 1935 Nobel Peace Prize for exposing the clandestine, treaty-breaking German rearmament; after Hitler’s rise to power, in 1933 he convicted of high treason, sent to Esterwegen concentration camp, starved and mistreated by the guards; he defied the Nazis by accepting the Nobel Peace Prize, but of course not able to go to Oslo to receive it; died in 1938, of tuberculosis contracted at Esterwegen

1893 – J.S. Thurman patents a motor-driven vacuum cleaner

1897 – Ruth Muskrat Bronson born, Bureau of Indian Affairs official who got loans for Indian students, National Congress of American Indians forced authorities to honor treaties (1944), wrote Indians are People, Too

1900 – Thomas Wolfe born, influential American novelist; Of Time and the River, You Can’t Go Home Again and Look Homeward, Angel

1904 – Mary McLeod Bethune opens her first school for African-American students in Daytona Beach, Florida

1906 – W.T. Grant opens a 35-cent department store

1922 – Governor Hardwick of Georgia appoints Rebecca Felton fill a vacancy in the U.S. Senate, the first woman to be a U.S. Senator

1990 –Berlin is no longer divided as the German Democratic Republic ceases to exist and its territory becomes part of the Federal Republic of Germany. East German citizens became part of the European Community, which later became the European Union. Now celebrated as German Unity Day *

1999 – The first National Techies Day * is launched by Techies.com and CNET Networks to encourage kids to study computer science

2008 – George W Bush signs into law the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, a $700 billion bailout of the U.S financial system and some foreign banks

2009 – Maine voters vote to repeal a state law allowing same-sex couples to marry

2016 – Yoshinori Ohsumi is awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering mechanisms for autophagy

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About wordcloud9

Nona Blyth Cloud has lived and worked in the Los Angeles area for the past 45 years, spending much of that time commuting on the 405 Freeway. After Hollywood failed to appreciate her genius for acting and directing, she began a second career managing non-profits, from which she has retired.
Nona has now resumed writing whatever comes into her head, instead of reports and pleas for funding. She lives in a small house overrun by books with her wonderful husband and a bewildered Border Collie.