Colin Carlson

From eebedia

I am an eight semester University Scholar in EEB, with an additional major in Environmental Studies. I'm currently studying plasticity in the genus Pelargonium, for which I was awarded a 2011 Goldwater Scholarship. I was also named a 2010 Udall Scholar and a 2011 Truman Scholar for my environmental work on and off campus.

Research Interests

"All is leaf, and through this simplicity the greatest multiplicity is possible." - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

My current research began as a simple project focusing on light-induced leaf shape dimorphism in South African Pelargonium L’Her (Geraniaceae). To some degree, the focus of this research can be condensed into the following three questions:

1. For what traits, in what species, is leaf shape plastic? (The "what?")

2. Does selection appear to act on plasticity itself, and at what spatial/phylogenetic levels? (The "why?")

3. Have leaf traits evolved independently in their plasticity, and is there any suggestion of evolutionary/environmental constraints on these traits and/or their plasticity? (The "how?")

With the help of a CCB Summer Undergraduate Research Award, I traveled to South Africa during the summer of 2010 with the NSF IRES 2010 group to measure leaf shape variation in a natural context. At present I am conducting experiments in the greenhouse that recreate field conditions, using water stress and different levels of light to examine the fitness costs and phylogenetic patterns associated with leaf shape variation. Along with answering these research questions, an "ultimate" goal of my research is to explore possible flexible stem mechanisms of leaf shape evolution. In many ways, Pelargonium is an ideal model organism for testing theories of phenotypic plasticity and adaptive radiation, given its surprisingly high diversity and impressive degree of plasticity.

The final stage of this project will be to use my findings on the limits and costs of plasticity to determine the vulnerability of these species to climate change, which is a large project that will require information on biogeography and climate change patterns in addition to my data on plasticity. By modifying traditional methods used in population viability analysis to quantify the effect of climate on population stability, this project will take a crucial first step towards applying theoretical models of plasticity and extinction risk to actual high-diversity, high-plasticity, high-risk taxa.

In conjunction with the above project, my research has recently developed a new focus on developing viable models of range shifts in response to climate change, in particular models which can be generalized to the rapid assessment of extinction risk in other potentially vulnerable taxa. Traditional models coming from Population Viability Analysis (PVA) contain a number of simple and easy-to-measure variables about population structure which allow the researcher to estimate time to extinction; however, to incorporate climate into these models, I am working on incorporating the costs of plasticity into demographic models, and applying this theory to niche models in spatially-discrete range models. This work will be presented this April at Frontiers in Undergraduate Research and is currently being prepared for publication.

Other research projects

Snapping Turtle Research (2008-2010)

This project analyzed the behavior of three Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) along the Connecticut river. The footage, collected over the summer, was from the turtles Jawless and Lafayette from Wethersfield Cove, and Snippy from Shenipsit Lake. (see the snapping turtle research team page for the full story on the turtles). Also, for more information on Crittercam itself, visit National Geographic's Crittercam Homepage. This analysis encompassed the breath, dive, pausing, walking, and other aspects of locomotion of the three turtles. If you would like to read more about the actual data analysis, check out Snapping Turtle Research: Analyses and Conclusions.

My research on this project was divided into two main stages. First came an analysis of the duration and frequency of breathing and diving behaviors, which revealed a strong positive relationship between breath and dive duration. Second, I described behavioral patterns in the turtles through an analysis of locomotion that was divided into five sub-categories, and I found strong differences between average limb frequency cycles.

Sacred Groves and Community-based Conservation (2010-present)

As sacred groves are one of the most ancient forms of community-based conservation, my Environmental Studies senior thesis seeks to understand a number of questions about their function and distribution, with a particular focus on tracing the origins of tree worship on a global scale. By using comparative linguistics, ethnographic records and archeobotany, I have attempted to trace these origins as far back as they go, to approximately 10,000-15,000 BP. Ultimately, my goal is to understand why groves are so stable - and how this stability can be achieved by secular conservation institutions. Moreover, as globalization eradicates local tradition and culture in many places, the socio-religious foundation that supports maintenance of sacred groves is becoming precarious. In order to ensure the ecological integrity and cultural heritage embodied in sacred groves, it is necessary to consider the social, political and environmental factors that influence the formation, preservation and potential destruction of sacred groves and the belief systems that maintain them.

Conservation Philosophy and Career Aspirations

"I know the human being and fish can coexist peacefully." - George W. Bush

One of the major problems that faces conservation and environmental advocacy is that advocates don't always understand science, and environmental biologists aren't always skilled advocates (no offense, guys!). This gap between activism and science is one that I have found to be a major obstacle in my environmental work as director of the Cool Coventry Club and as a steering comittee member of the Connecticut Youth Activist Network, and it is one that has shaped my career goals profoundly. More about me: I'm part of the EcoHouse living community on campus (and will continue to be next year), a member of environmental organizations such as EcoHusky, and this October I was the chief organizer of the first-ever UConn Environmental Justice Forum, funded by the Human Rights Institute. After I graduate from UConn, I plan to go to graduate school to receive my Ph.D., and while I hope to stay in academia, I believe I will be able to conduct research that will have policy- and conservation-relevant implications.