Fluid and circulate difficulties in porous media have attracted the eye of industrialists, engineers and scientists from various disciplines, reminiscent of chemical, environmental, and mechanical engineering, geothermal physics and meals technology. there was a expanding curiosity in warmth and fluid flows via porous media, making this ebook a well timed and acceptable source.

This publication covers nearly all the engineering technology and technological elements of setting apart water from particulate solids within the mining undefined. It begins with an creation to the sphere of mineral processing and the significance of water in mineral concentrators. The intake of water within the a variety of levels of focus is mentioned, as is the need of recuperating the vast majority of that water for recycling.

The e-book considerably bargains the newest progresses in regards to the vital issues of the «Mechanical Engineering» to readers. It contains reviews ready utilizing state-of-art methodologies by way of specialist researchers of the subsequent titles: energy transmission process, production tactics and procedure research, thermo-fluid platforms, simulations and machine functions, and new methods in mechanical engineering schooling and association platforms.

Additional info for An Introduction to Bioreactor Hydrodynamics and Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer

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Hence, using Eq. 12), more accurate gas holdup measurements in cocurrent multiphase systems can be made with only pressure measurements, and the calculation is as simple as that required by Eq. 11). Furthermore, no knowledge of wall shear stress is required for Eq. 12), which is not the case for Eq. 10). Tang and Heindel (2006a) have shown that gas holdup in a cocurrent air–water–fiber bubble column was simple and accurate with Eq. 12), while error could be significant for selected operational conditions with Eq.

2001) stated that the Winkler method is the most accurate and precise of all methods for determining dissolved oxygen concentrations, and that it is also the most challenging technique to master and the most time consuming. , 1992), but are not frequently used. 2 Volumetric Method. The volumetric method is simple and robust in principle, but rather inaccurate in practice. This method relies on the conversion of dissolved oxygen to carbon dioxide which is then driven out of solution. As the carbon dioxide is driven out of solution, it is collected and its volume is determined at a known pressure and temperature.

The ungassed power number (Npo ) represents the ratio of the pressure differences producing flow to the inertial forces of the liquid dispersion and it is analogous to a friction factor or drag coefficient. 13) where Po is the impeller power input into the liquid without sparged gas, ???? is the fluid density, N is the impeller speed, and Di is the impeller diameter. The gassed power number Npg is a dimensionless parameter that provides a measure of the power requirements for the impeller operation in a gas–liquid dispersion.