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Joints, also called articulation or articular surface, are the location or connection of two bones that often are dependent on a central structure. This allows the movement of bones in the Skeletal System.

Structural classification is often determined by how the bones connect to each other. Functional classification is determined by the degree of movement between the articulating bones. Often, this means, that there can be an overlap between the two types of classifications.

Numerical Classification

1.) Monoarticular – concerning one joint

2.) Oligoarticular or Pauciarticular – concerning 2–4 joints

3.) Polyarticular – concerning 5 or more joints

From a Structure Viewpoint there are 3 categories:

1.) Cartilaginous joints – is a joint that is joined by cartilage

2.) Fibrous joints – this is a joint that is joined by connective tissue – dense, regular, and rich in collagen fibers

3.) Synovial joints – this is a joint that connects to a synovial cavity. There is dense connective tissue that helps form the capsule. There are often accessory ligaments involved as well.

4.) Facet joints – this is a joint between two articular processes. Example: between two vertebrae.