Chapter 7 Early Cultures. PE in US borrowed from development of Europeans from prehistory to 1800s.PE in US borrowed from development of Europeans from.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 7 Early Cultures. PE in US borrowed from development of Europeans from prehistory to 1800s.PE in US borrowed from development of Europeans from."— Presentation transcript:

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PE in US borrowed from development of Europeans from prehistory to 1800s.PE in US borrowed from development of Europeans from prehistory to 1800s. Included survival skills: running, jumping, wrestling, swimming, climbing, throwing.Included survival skills: running, jumping, wrestling, swimming, climbing, throwing. Tribal/family leaders taught skills through imitation.Tribal/family leaders taught skills through imitation.

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From 776 BC, the Games were held in Olympia every four years for almost 12 centuries.

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The first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BC. There was just one event, a race over a distance called a stade. A stade was about 180 meters, nearly the length of the stadium at Olympia. The race was won by a young cook, Coroebus, from Elis.

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Part of a major religious festival honoring Zeus; chance to assemble Discussions of political issues; form alliances. Also scene of political rivalries

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–instituted by the city-state of Elis –announced by heralds sent out to all corners of the Greek world to announce the approaching Olympic festival –also announce Truce, which protected athletes, visitors, spectators and official embassies who came to the festival.

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Chariot race of the funeral games of Patroklos: our first glimpse of organized Greek athletics where prizes are awarded. Note the cauldron and the tripod as prizes.

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Today’s Games are the world's largest pageant of athletic skill and competitive spirit. They are also displays of nationalism, commerce and politics. This conflict has been noted since ancient times.

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In one of Aristophanes's comedies, one character recommends that another rub his neck with lard in preparation for a heated argument with an adversary. The debater replies, "Spoken like a finished wrestling coach." (Aristophanes, Knights l.490ff.)

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Sotades at the ninety-ninth Festival was victorious in the long race and proclaimed a Cretan, as in fact he was. But at the next Festival he made himself an Ephesian, being bribed to do so by the Ephesian people. For this act he was banished by the Cretans.

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Sculptors were commissioned to create statues of victorious athletes Statues set up in the Sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia were idealistic images of athletes. Only if an athlete won three Olympic victories could a realistic likeness of the athlete appear in the Sanctuary.

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Boxing added in 688 BC Boxers fought until they either collapsed or admitted defeat. The boxer wore leather thongs on their hands as a sort of boxing glove. With time, gloves became harder. If no one went down or gave up, the boxers often agreed to exchange blows until one collapsed.

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Tethrippon (4 horses) Racers in outside lanes had a longer distance, but a mechanical device opened the gates in sequence. The owners of the horses were rarely the ones racing them. They would hire someone to race, but if the racer won, the owner would be proclaimed winner.

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The horse-race was added at the thirty-third Olympiad.The horse-race was added at the thirty-third Olympiad. The rider was usually paid by the owner.The rider was usually paid by the owner. Jockey rode bare-back on one horse.Jockey rode bare-back on one horse.

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grueling combination of boxing and wrestling rules outlawed only biting and gouging an opponent's eyes, nose, or mouth with fingernails had separate divisions for both men and boys Xenophanes describes the pankration as "that new and terrible contest...of all holds"

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Discus contestants were given five throwsDiscus contestants were given five throws The best throws were counted.The best throws were counted. There were not many records of discus.There were not many records of discus. One, however, states that a famous athlete had a throw of 30 meters.One, however, states that a famous athlete had a throw of 30 meters. The current world record is 67.5meters.The current world record is 67.5meters.

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Javelin Technique The javelins were usually made from light wood and a leather thong was used as a grip. In competition, an athlete would run with the javelin horizontal to his ear. When he reached the measurement line, he would throw the javelin. The javelins were usually made from light wood and a leather thong was used as a grip. In competition, an athlete would run with the javelin horizontal to his ear. When he reached the measurement line, he would throw the javelin.

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Halteres Halteres were hand weights that looked like telephone receivers. The jumper would swing them as far forward as he could during take-off and swing them backwards as he landed. Jumping was often accompanied by a flute.

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Only free men who spoke Greek could compete. Married women were barred on penalty of death from the Sanctuary of Zeus on the days of the athletic competition for boys and men.

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MILO With five victories at Olympia, perhaps the most famous and successful of Olympic wrestlers was Milo. When attempting his sixth Olympic victory at forty years old, he was finally beaten by a younger man. With five victories at Olympia, perhaps the most famous and successful of Olympic wrestlers was Milo. When attempting his sixth Olympic victory at forty years old, he was finally beaten by a younger man.

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Mr. Fingertips A famous pankriatist named Sostartos was nicknamed "Mr. Finger-tips," because he would break his opponents fingers early in the match to make them surrender.

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ancient athletes regularly received prizes worth the word athlete is an ancient Greek word that means "one who competes for a prize" related to two other Greek words, athlos meaning "contest" and athlon meaning "prize."

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Cities which sent competitors to the Olympics in the 5th century B.C.

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Interest in books and the artsInterest in books and the arts Conquering Romans turned to different forms of “sport”Conquering Romans turned to different forms of “sport”

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Early Christians were against the Olympics because they were a celebration for the gods. One of the first Christian emperors of Rome, Theodosius the Great, discontinued the Games indefinitely in 394 A.D., after 320 Olympiads and after about 1200 years.