ScienceNobel Prizes in ScienceChemistry: Jaroslav Heyrovsky (Czechoslovakia), for development of polarography, an electrochemical method of analysisPhysics: Emilio Segre and Owen Chamberlain (both US), for demonstrating the existence of the anti-protonPhysiology or Medicine: Severo Ochoa and Arthur Kornberg (both US), for discoveries related to compounds within chromosomes that play a vital role in heredity