In the following research work is identified, analyzed and evaluated the types of soils that exist in the Barrio Centro district of Picota, managing to determine the geotechnical characteristics that will help to realize the zoning of the study area.
To carry out the study, the fundamental concepts required in the area of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnics, application of the Terzaghi Theory, cartographic analysis and the respective tests in the soil laboratory were applied; these helped to obtain the fundamental characteristics of the soils to meet the objectives set.
As a result of the physical characteristics, three soil types were obtained, CL (clay of low plasticity), CL-ML (clay loam of low plasticity) and OH (clay loam organic). And according to the mechanical characteristics with the results obtained, it was divided into three zones: Zone III (0.58 kg/cm2 – 0.68 kg/cm2), Zone II (0.81 kg/cm2 – 0.91 kg/cm2) and Zone I (1.01 kg/cm2 – 1.34 kg/cm2).
The research is intended as an easy-to-use guide to contribute to better planning and urban development of the district and the Barrio Centro. It also has practical and relevant information for later constructions, in order to anticipate the real behavior of the soil, thus avoiding problems in the buildings, which affect the structures of the dwellings and therefore the quality of life of the population; among others.