Venezuela: Chavez's Presidential Inauguration Goes on Without Chavez

Venezuela gathered foreign allies and thousands of supporters in an impromptu inauguration for the gravely ill and absent President Hugo Chávez in an example, critics say, of how the president and his allies have bent the democratic system to suit their purposes.

Nothing shows the extent of Chávez's grip on power quite as clearly as his absence from his own inauguration Thursday.

In many ways, it looked like the sort of rally the president has staged dozens of times throughout his 14 years in power: The leader's face beamed from shirts, signs and banners. Adoring followers danced and chanted in the streets to music blaring from speakers mounted on trucks. Nearly everyone wore red, the color of his Bolivarian Revolution movement, as the swelling crowd spilled from the main avenue onto side streets.

But this time, there was no Chávez on the balcony of Miraflores Palace.

It was the first time in Venezuela's history that a president has missed his inauguration, said Elias Pino Iturrieta, a prominent historian. As for the symbolic street rally, Pino said, "perhaps it's the first chapter of what they call Chavismo without Chávez."

Yet in the crowd outside the presidential palace, many insisted that Chávez was still present in their hearts, testifying to his success in forging a tight bond of identity with millions of poor Venezuelans.

The crowd chanted: "We are all Chávez!" Some wore paper cutouts of the yellow, blue and red presidential sash to show they were symbolically swearing in themselves in, in Chávez's place.

Those in the crowd raised their hands and repeated an oath after Vice President Nicolas Maduro, Chávez's designated successor: "I swear by the Bolivarian Constitution that I will defend the presidency of commander Chávez in the street, with reason, with the truth!"

"Viva Chávez!" Maduro said. He called for a round of applause for the president's Cabinet ministers, saying they were starting a new term, and he said of Chávez: "He's in a battle."

The Venezuelan leader, normally at the center of national attention, is so ill following a fourth cancer surgery in Cuba that he has made a public statement in more than a month, and has not appeared in a single photo. Officials have not specified what sort of cancer he suffers or which hospital is treating him.

The opposition, limping off of two recent electoral defeats, seems powerless to effectively challenge him, and critics see their impotence in the battle over his new inauguration as an example of how the president and his allies have, both previously and now, bent the country's democratic system to suit their purposes.

Despite opposition claims that the constitution demands a Jan. 10 inauguration, the pro-Chávez congress approved delaying the inauguration and the Supreme Court on Wednesday endorsed the postponement, saying the president could be sworn in before the court at a later date.

Opposition lawmaker Maria Corina Machado called that move a "well-aimed coup against the Venezuelan Constitution" and echoed other critics' suspicions that foreign allies are influencing events in Venezuela: "It's being directed from Cuba, and by Cubans," she told The Associated Press.

Opposition leaders called for protests on Jan. 23, the anniversary of the fall of the country's last dictatorship in 1958.

But it is unclear how much support the opposition's complaints can generate amid an outpouring of public sympathy for the ailing president, and with Latin American neighbors either supporting the government's stance or reluctant to step into Venezuela's domestic affairs.

The government invited foreign leaders to add political weight to Thursday's event, and they filled a stage in front of the presidential palace as Maduro addressed the crowd and called it a "historic event."

A recording of Chávez singing the national anthem suddenly appeared, and his followers sang along. At the end, his voice boomed: "Long live the Bolivarian Revolution!"

Sitting beside Maduro were presidents including Daniel Ortega of Nicaragua, Evo Morales of Bolivia and Jose Mujica of Uruguay. The government said officials from about 20 other nations were on hand.

Argentine Foreign Minister Hector Timerman said President Cristina Fernandez was traveling to Havana on Thursday to see Chávez.

Some raised the possibility of Chávez's death, though no one uttered the word.

"There's a man who's fighting a battle for his life, who is in all of your hearts," Mujica told the crowd. "But if he isn't here tomorrow, unity, peace and work, dear friends."

While the visiting leaders spoke, fighter jets thundered overhead, flying low. Members of the Cabinet waved to them, and the crowd went wild waving flags. One of the warplanes did a roll.