About Me

Dr. Clyde Winters, has taught in the Chicago Public Schools for 36 years. He has taught Education and Linguistic Courses at Saint Xavier University-Chicago. As a teacher in the Chicago Public Schools Dr. Winters wrote State Standards in the 1990's for the Chicago Public School system and Common Core State Standards for Social Studies. He also wrote the 6th Grade World History Lesson Plans used in the CPS in 2000.

Saturday, February 28, 2015

There are eyewitness accounts of Blacks living in Meso-America when the Spanish arrived in the Americas.These Blacks were honored by the mongoloid Mayans gods. On the Chama vase we see a mongoloid Mayan king greeting a Black personage visiting his court.

The chin of the Mayan King is red thus denoting that he was not a Black Mayan Indian. In addition some of the Mayan gods were depicted as Blacks or Negroes.

Before the Maya, especially during Olmec times mongoloid Mexicans lived peacefully with the Black Mexicans and adopted their culture. But we see at Monte Alban , some mongoloid people and Blacks were in violent conflict as evident in the danzante stone engravings below.

Many people ask me what happened to the Black Native Central Americans and Black Mexicans. Euronuts and Mestizos argue that if the Spanish truely saw Black Mexicans 500 years ago what happened to them. The answer is simple, the Spanish ignored the Mexican heritage of the Black Mexicans and declared that, since they were Negroes, they were African slaves.This means that many Black Mexicans and Blacks in Belize, Guatemala and Hondurus are descendants of the Blacks seen in these areas when the Spanish came to the Americas in 1492. Mestizos, who carry a large amount of white DNA are jealous of Blacks. Look at how they steal everything that Blacks create culturally in the U.S., and then try to attack Blacks in cities like L.A.Today the most vocal attacks on Black Mexicans and Afro-Americans, come from Mestizos, whoes European ancestry deny that they have a connection with the ancient mongoloid and Black Mexicans.

Granted, Mestizos carry African and Black DNA, but they ignore this heritage because they feel that since whites are in power embracing "white supremacy" makes them superior to Blacks generally. Since, Mestizos are the product of three groups: African, European and Indian, it seems that they should not attack Afro-Americans because they are part of their ethnic heritage.Yet they attack Afro-Americans so they can feel superior to Afro-Americans--in an environment where whites control the government and white supremacy is the rule.

Seeing the poverty conditions of Blacks in Mexico and Central America no one would believe that they built Mexican civilization. But the images of Blacks in pyramid murals and on vases, along with the eyewitness accounts of the Spanish denoting Black Mexicans and Central Americans evidence former supremacy of Blacks in Meso-America.

If you notice you don't find Mexican Indians attack the idea that the civilizations of Mexico were introduced by Black people. No it is the Mestizo who attack the idea there were Black and mongoloid group.

Black Mexicans built Mexican civilization. Beginning with the Mongoloid Indians at Monte Alban outsiders have been attempting to steal the history of the Black Mexicans.

At Monte Alban we see figures of Black men mutilated with their penises disfigured. Non-Negro Mexicans have been murdering Black Mexicans, since they took Monte Alban from the Black Indians.

Today some Mestizoes, due to jealousy of Blacks continue to steal the civilization and culture built by the Black Mexicans.The Dna and facial features of contemporary Mexican betry their African heritage. Racist Mestizos and Euronuts argue that the Black Mexicans could not have disappeared in 500 years. They are wrong the Black Mexicans have not disappeared, what has happened is that their history has been stolen by mongoloid and European people.

Some mongoloid Mexicans, like those at Monte Alban that have left us horrible images of mutilated black males , have always been jealous of the black Mexicans. These racists steal elements of Black Civilizations, but they could not sustain the civilizational elements due to their racism and the "Mayan" civilization of the mongoloid Maya fell into decline,

At Monte Alban, we see statues of the danzante. The danzante are engraved stone slabs depicting show Black Mexican males with their penis split or flayed. They were done to show how the mongoloid people hated Black people, and a warning to Blacks not to attempt to take back the town.

Even with the loss of Monte Alban, the Black Mexicans continued to prosper in Mexico up to the coming of the Spanish. The mongoloid Indians joined the Spanish and overthrew the Black Aztecs--but the joke was on them because the Spanish next defeated the local jealous mongoloid tribes and killed them off.

Next the Spanish declared the Black Mexicans were "Africans", because they were negroes. Forced to live like the African slaves they loss their history, because the Spanish burned their books and killed their scholars. With the destruction of the Black Mexican history text and scholars began the myth that the founders of Mayan civilization were mongoloid people. This lie was maintained because the artfacts found at Mayan sites were mainly of mongoloids. This changed after archaeologist began to dig inside of the pyramids. What they found at sites like Xultun ans San Bartolo was that there were subpyramids under the Mongoloid Mayan pyramids that contained iconographic images of the Black Mayans, and inscriptions written in the Olmec writing.

Above is a mural from Xultun. The inscription indicates that these Black men in this murals were engineers and architects.

In summary the ancient Black Mexicans continue to live in Mexico--they are just called Africans today. Today some Mestizoes are still trying to steal the history of the Black Mexicans, began by mongoloid Indians at Monte Alban but a lie cannot stand--Black Mexicans will one day regain their glory and take back Mexico .

Friday, February 20, 2015

I have made 22 points proving that Black and or African people were in America
before the Atlantic slave trade. None of these points have been disputed by
counter scholarly evidence. The most important point is that Mexicans look African because
indigenious Mexicans carry between 5-50% African genes,and Mestizos’ African
admixture ranges between 20-40% Due to African admixture modern Mexicans look
like the Olmecs and Africans generally.

No one disputes the points I
made below with research articles they only give their personal
opinions.Here are the 22 undisputed proofs of Blacks in America when
Columbus arrived in the Americas.

1) The original Maya beginning with the
Ocos , as illustrated by their the art, were Black Native Americans;

2)
The Black Native Americans lived from Chiapas to Belize, Guatemala and Hondurus;
Quatrefages and Rafinesque wrote about these Blacks

3) The root of the
Mayan language is the Mande languages

4) The first Americans based on
skeletal remains : Naia and Luzia were Negroes or Black

5) The Blacks
according to researchers have been in Brazil since 100,000BC

6) The
Khoisan took MtDNA haplogroups N and y-haplogroup E to Eurasia and the
Americas

7) There are no “pure” Mexindians. Lisker noted that between
5-50% of Indian genes are African genes. See: Suarez-Diaz,(2014) Indigenous
populations in Mexico. Medical anthropology in the Work of Ruben Lisker in the
1960’s. Studies in History and Philosop-hy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
47 (p.117).

8) Mixe, Zenu , Wayuu and other Mexican groups with YAP+
associated A-G transition at DYS271, is of African origin.

10) Indian
y-chromosome haplogroups C and D show African admixture at locus
DYS271

11) The American haplogroups A and B are part of the haplogroup N
macrohaplogroup Ch’ol and Chontal at Campeche carry R-M173, E1b1b, K and
T.12) Africans people carry mtDNA A common to mongoloid Native Americans and
y-chromosome R, so they probably passed on these genes to mongoloid Native
Americans

13) The Spanish explorers mentioned Black Nations and Black
tribes in the Americas, they met, even before African slaves were landed in
America

14) The Spanish said the Aztecs were Negroes.

15) Paul
Gaffarel (2010) that when Balboa reached America he found "negre veritables" or
true Blacks. Balboa noted "...Indian traditions of Mexico and Central America
indicate that Negroes were among the first occupants of that territory." This is
why so many Mexicans have "African faces".

16. Vasco da Gama is said to
have found information about the West Indies from Ahmad b. Majid, whom he met
along the West Coast of Africa . Bazan, R.A.G. (1967). Latin America the Arabs
and Islam,,Muslim World, pp.284-292.

17)Majid wrote a handbook of
navigation on the Indian Ocean, Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, Sea of Southern China
and the waters around the West Indian Islands. Bazan, R.A.G. (1967). Latin
America the Arabs and Islam,,Muslim World, pp.284-292.

18) Majid is also
said to be the inventor of the compassSee: Ferrand,G. (1928). Introduction a
l’astrnomie nautique des Arabes, Paris.

19) Black Native Mayan people
have left iconography in the sub-pyramids at Tikal, San Bartolo and Xultun
murals which depict the creators of these monuments as Negroes or
Blacks

21. There are no “pure” Mexindians. Lisker
noted that between 5-50% of Indian genes are African genes. See:
Suarez-Diaz,(2014) Indigenous populations in Mexico. Medical anthropology in the
Work of Ruben Lisker in the 1960’s. Studies in History and Philosop-hy of
Biological and Biomedical Sciences 47 (p.117).

22) The Mayan calendar was
invented by the Xi, or Mande speaking Olmec people.

Saturday, February 14, 2015

Many people don’t know how to evaluate population genetics
articles, because they are expost facto research based on “ statistical infererences”
or the beliefs of the researcher
supported by statistics. As a result, researchers can not judge the
difference between an ad hominid and legitimate discussion of the doxa behind a
researcher’s research.

In traditional evaluation of a piece of research literature you look at the researcher's hypothesis, results and statistical methods s/he used to determine the statistical significance of the research.This is not the case in population genetics research; in this research you are evaluating statistical inferences based on the researchers beliefs about a set of data, instead of testing a hypothesis. As a result, the research contained in a population genetics article, reflects the views and beliefs already held by the researcher. Thusly, the statistical inferences will automatically support the views and beliefs held by the researcher; and any outliners that fail to support the researchers beliefs will not be mentioned in the research article/paper.

Here we will ask the question: “How do you evaluate
population genetics research?” We will attempt to look at the doxa that may influence a geneticist's research and the constructs that should be considered when evaluating this knowledge base.

Firstly, we assume
that any article or book written by an establishment member of the academe is reliable and valid. A piece of research full of valid scientific and/or historical truths--erudite scholarship and impeccable research based on the scientific method.

The scientific method is based on hypotheses testing. Hypotheses testing means that a researcher forms a hypothesis and test the hypothesis using a series of quantitative or qualitative statistical methods to determine the statistical significance of the hypothesis being tested. The scientific method is based on experimentation to test a hypothesis .

Population geneticists usually do not test hypotheses. They make inferences about data based on Bayesian statistical inferences. They do not use statistical methods to determine the statistical significance of a hypothesis, they use statistics to describe data being reviewed by the researcher based on the beliefs the researcher already holds about the data being reviewed..

Population genetics is a type of Expost facto research. Expost facto research design is a quasi-experimental type of study examining how an independent variable, present prior to the research study, affects a dependent variable.

Whereas the subjects in experimental research are randomly selected, the participants in Expost facto research , are not randomly selected or assigned.The genome of the research subjects is examined to determine the haplotypes and haplogroups carried by the participants in the study.

In population genetics research the researcher uses the Bayesian inference method of statistical inference. Bayesian statistical method, is a subjective research design/method that provides a rational method of updating the researcher's beliefs.

Since, the results of a Bayesian statistical analysis are a series of beliefs based on statistical inferences, the results can not stand alone. This is due to the reality, that any results, reported by a researcher are only a series of inferences based on the researcher’s belief about a phenomena backed up by a series statistical results. If the results are published without corresponding evidence from archaeology, anthropology, linguistics and or craniometrics the inferences are pure conjecture, because they reflect the attitudes already held by the researcher, confirmed by data selected by the researcher to support his or her beliefs.

There is a sociological basis behind how a researcher interprets data. Sociological research indicates that
there are unconscious cognitive structures within each individual. Cognitive structures that hold the idealistic view of members of the academe that determine how they perceive
"reality". These structures are called doxa.

Commenting on these
schema Berlinerblau (1999) noted that "These types of theories share the
assumption that human beings know things that they do not even know that they
know; that they "possess" knowledge about the world which exists in
some sort of cognitive substrate, beyond the realm of discourse" (p.106).Wacquant
(1995) says that doxa is " a realm of implicit and unstated beliefs".

Given the
research suggesting that doxa exist, support the view that some researchers
allow their hatred of multiculturalism, ethnic prejudice and racism to define their discourse, teaching
and writing about themes relating to groups " other" ,than their own cultural and ethnic group . Moreover, it suggest that when topics such as Eurasian and African haplogroups, Afrocentrism, African origins of the Dravidians and etc., is attacked by members of the
academe, these academics are supported by the "establishment" without
any reservation, or test of the validity of their claims. In fact, it appears
that doxic assumptions relating to the validity of Afrocentrism, back migration of so-called Eurasian genes into Africa, rcent African origens of Dravidians and Dravidian
origin of the Indus Valley Civilization obviates critique of the academics that
disparage these themes. Due to Doxa you can state a researcher’s attitude
toward a historical, genetic or anthropological concept and theorems without the
statement being an ad hominem

To evaluate research literature a student should know the varied research methods.A student evaluating a piece of population genetics’ literature
must understand that the researcher is conducting an expost facto method of research that does not involve hypotheses testing .Given the nature of Bayesian inferences, you can not determine the validity and reliability of a piece
of genetics research literature based on the statistical significance of the data. What you must do is look at
the research article and ask yourself a series of questions regarding the article's validity and
reliability. Below is a series of questions to evaluate population genetics articles.

Checklist used to analyze a Population Genetics Papers

Answer the following questions relating to this research
article below, or on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What was
the rationale for the study, that is, what led up to it?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

2. Why do
the authors believe that this problem is significant? Yes on page___
,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

3. What was
the purpose of the study, that is , what did it intend to accomplish?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

4. What was
the hypothesis of the study?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

5. What were
the participants major characteristics?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

6. Does the
review of literature indicate previous research in the area associated with the
article?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

7. What type
of study is reported in this article?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

8. Was the
sample randomly selected?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

9. What was
the instrument?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

10. What were
the major steps involved in the treatment?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

11. How were
the variables tested?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

12. According
to the author(s) how successful was the treatment?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

13. What
factors could equally account for the student tests results?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

14. What
problems, if any, do you detect in the study?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

15. Do the
results of analysis agree with the authors objectives and expectations?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

16. What other
interpretations could be made from the
data?

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

17. Is there
archaeological, craniometric and or linguistic evidence that supports the research findings

Yes on page___ ,paragraph____ _,lines________ No_______

The Evaluator should read the article twice. The first reading of the article is brief.

Next make a close reading of the article. The close read should involve the Evaluator in underlining key details in the article, while making annotations of important points in the text. During the second reading of the text the Evaluator will assess the research article using the checklist above.Since the Bayesian statistics used for the study will support the inferences of the Researcher the answers for the majority of the checklist will be yes.

The key question in determining the validity of the research will be question 17. If the researcher only has Bayesian statistical inferences supporting the research study , the inferences made in the research article , may not be representative of actual past population events.

In summary, the validity and reliability of a piece of genetics
research literature does not demand the Evaluator of a piece of literature to
provide counter evidence all they need to do is evaluate the research using the checklist above. If the answer to most of these questions is no, the research
is unreliable and lacks any validity.

The key question on the checklist is question 17. To confirm the validity of the archaeological, craniometric and etc., data , the Evaluator should be knowledgeable about the archaeology of the area where the population movement has been inferred to have taken place.In this way you can determine if the Bayesian inferences correspond to the archaeological, craniometric, linguistic data associated with the geographical area where the population movement is suppose to have occur .

The major problem with most genetics
literature which invalidates the research dealing with ancient population
movements is that it is not supported by the ancientDNA, archaeological and/ or
craniometric data. This is why many of theories about the ancient populations
of Europe and alledged back migrations are usually over turned once researchers examine the ancientDNA.