中国口吃现状分析及案例研究The Status Review of Stuttering in China and A Case Study of Mandarin-Speaking Adult with Stuttering

口吃影响全世界约1%的人。中国约有1300万口吃患者,他们具有语音重复、停顿和拉长声音的现象。国内口吃治疗师除语言治疗师外,还有心理治疗师、针灸康复师、内科医生等。口吃评估主要包括病史、言语行为、生理伴随动作和情感态度四方面内容。口吃直接治疗方法主要包括流畅度塑形法(fluency shaping)和口吃修定法(stuttering modification)两类,具体技巧包括软起音、放慢语速、停顿、改述、拉长声音、加入插入语等。本文分析讨论了口吃在中国的现状,包括口吃的特征、评估和治疗等。通过1例成人口吃个案印证了轻度口吃患者存在辅音、音节、词组重复、相对长时间的停顿、语速快等现象。Stuttering affects about one percent of people worldwide. There are about 13 million people who stutter in China characterized by repetition, blocks and prolongation. Therapists who treat stuttering include psychotherapists, acupuncture rehabilitators, and physicians in addition to speech therapists. Stuttering evaluation includes four main areas, case history, speech, physical concomitants, and their attitude. Two direct treatments of stuttering are Fluency Shaping Approach and Stuttering Modification Approach. Techniques for treating stuttering include easy onset, slowing down, pause, rephrase, prolong vowels, and adding interjections. This article reviews stuttering in China, including its characteristics, evaluation and treatment. In addition, a case study on an adult who has mild stuttering confirmed that client with mild stuttering has the same phenomenon of consonant repetition, syllable repetition, phrase repetition, relatively long pause, and relatively fast speech rate.