Chapter 25: Program Management Nursing School Test Banks

Stanhope: Public Health Nursing, 8th Edition

Chapter 25: Program Management

Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The process of program management is similar to:
a. The nursing process
b. The medical model of care delivery
c. The requirements for licensure as a registered nurse
d. Summative and formative evaluation
ANS: A
The nursing process has the same basic steps but addresses the needs of a specific population.

DIF: COG: Understanding REF: 549 OBJ: 1

2. Which is a benefit of systematic planning?
a. Allowing nurses to be in charge of materials presented
b. Ensuring that resources are used to address the needs of the community
c. Linking local politicians with the community
d. Educating student nurses about public health nursing
ANS: B
The focus should be on what the organization and health provider are attempting to do for clients.

DIF: COG: Understanding REF: 552 OBJ: 1

3. Which phase of the program planning process is being used when the provider and client consider the possibilities of solving a problem using one of the solutions identified?
a. Conceptualization
b. Detailing
c. Implementation
d. Evaluation
ANS: B
The provider details the costs, resources, and program activities needed to choose one of the solutions from the conceptualizing phase.

DIF: COG: Understanding REF: 556 OBJ: 2

4. To increase the immunization rates among children in the community, a nurse manager considering holding immunization clinics on Saturdays one month before school begins. This is an example of:
a. Assessing
b. Planning
c. Organizing
d. Evaluating
ANS: B
Planning is selecting and carrying out a series of actions to achieve stated goals.

6. A nurse completes a program evaluation to identify if the objectives of the program were met. This is an example of:
a. Assessment
b. Goal evaluation
c. Formative or process evaluation
d. Summative or impact evaluation
ANS: C
Formative or process evaluation is used to assess whether objectives are met or planned activities are completed.

DIF: COG: Applying REF: 550 OBJ: 2

7. A nurse surveys program participants after completion of a wellness program to determine if the participants have increased their involvement in daily exercise. This is an example of:
a. Assessment
b. Goal evaluation
c. Formative or process evaluation
d. Summative or impact evaluation
ANS: D
Summative or impact evaluation is used to assess program outcomes or as a follow-up to the results of the program activities.

DIF: COG: Applying REF: 550 OBJ: 2

8. For the purpose of obtaining information about services needed to meet community needs, business leaders within a community were interviewed. This method of obtaining needs assessment data is called a(n):
a. Community forum
b. Key informant interview
c. Survey of existing agencies
d. Indicator approach
ANS: B
Interviewing business leaders within a community is an example of key informant interviews.

DIF: COG: Applying REF: 554 OBJ: 2

9. Focus groups are used to determine the method of cleanup for contaminated groundwater in a neighborhood. What is a disadvantage of this needs assessment tool?
a. Technically demanding
b. Expensive
c. Bias of leaders
d. Time consuming
ANS: D
Using focus groups to determine the method of cleanup for contaminated groundwater in a neighborhood would be very time consuming.

DIF: COG: Applying REF: 554 OBJ: 2

10. What is the most critical action a nurse should take when planning a health program?
a. Assessing need of the community
b. Considering alternative solutions or options
c. Detailing the costs and resources needed
d. Weighing each alternative
ANS: A
Assessing need provides the reasons and rationale for the program plan.

DIF: COG: Analyzing REF: 554 OBJ: 2

11. What action should a nurse take to have a clear understanding of the overall health status of a community and to identify populations at risk?
a. Complete a community assessment.
b. Perform a population needs assessment.
c. Evaluate past programs in the community.
d. Develop program resources for the community.
ANS: A
Community assessment is a community-oriented approach that views the entire community as the client.

DIF: COG: Analyzing REF: 552 OBJ: 2

12. A nurse uses a key informant interview as part of completing a needs assessment. What is the primary advantage of using this tool?
a. Low cost
b. Provides a picture of services needed
c. Identifies the perspectives of large number of persons
d. Indicates the extent of services offered by existing programs
ANS: B
The main advantage of using a key informant as a needs assessment tool is that it would provide a picture of the services needed.

DIF: COG: Analyzing REF: 554 OBJ: 2

13. What is the purpose of developing objectives for a program?
a. Give the speaker specific topics to cover.
b. Provide direction for conducting the program.
c. Provide an enriching experience for participants.
d. Formulate a mission statement.
ANS: B
Objectives provide direction and provide the mechanism for evaluating specific activities in light of the total program.

DIF: COG: Understanding REF: 557 OBJ: 3

14. Which is an example of a population needs assessment?
a. A health status report indicates many people are not using the health department because of long waits.
b. The WHO encourages all travelers to be up to date on the immunizations when traveling abroad.
c. A nurse assesses the health status of older adults with diabetes prior to initiation of a health education program.
d. An agency uses a television advertisement to encourage healthy eating by the citizens in the community.
ANS: C
A nurse assessing the health status of older adults with diabetes is an example of a population needs assessment.

DIF: COG: Applying REF: 553 OBJ: 3

15. A community identifies cardiovascular disease as a priority need because its mortality rate is four times higher than the rate identified in Healthy People 2020. The approach to identifying this need was:
a. Proactive
b. Reactive
c. Inactive
d. Interactive
ANS: C
The inactive approach defines the problem based on the existing health state of the population to be served.

DIF: COG: Applying REF: 554 OBJ: 3

16. It is projected that the incidence of diabetes will increase in the future and therefore create a need for more diabetic health educators. Which approach was used to identify this need?
a. Preactive
b. Reactive
c. Inactive
d. Interactive
ANS: A
Identifying the need for more diabetes health educators based on the projected incidence of diabetes is an example of the preactive approach.

DIF: COG: Applying REF: 554 OBJ: 3

17. When a nurse implements basic program planning, what would most likely occur during the formulating stage?
a. The client and provider analyze available solutions.
b. The best plan for funding is presented to administrators.
c. The provider group identifies solutions.
d. The client identifies problems.
ANS: D
The first step in the planning process involves the identification of problems.

DIF: COG: Analyzing REF: 554 OBJ: 3

18. Which program planning stage defines the problem based on the existing health status of the population to be served?
a. Preactive
b. Reactive
c. Inactive
d. Interactive
ANS: C
The inactive stage defines the problem based on the existing health status of the population to be served.

DIF: COG: Understanding REF: 554 OBJ: 4

19. What question should be answered through a program evaluation?
a. Did the audience enjoy the program?
b. Is a process evaluation also necessary?
c. Are the problems it was designed to solve being solved?
d. Was enough information given to change policy?
ANS: C
Program evaluation is a means of documenting accountability. The question Are the problems it was designed to solve being solved? addresses the aspect of accountability.

DIF: COG: Understanding REF: 559 OBJ: 4

20. According to the CDCs format for evaluation, what would occur during the making activities operational step?
a. Identifying goal-attaining activities
b. Determining goal measurement
c. The actual administration of the program at a health department
d. Evaluating the program
ANS: C
The actual administration of the program at a health department involves doing an activity.

DIF: COG: Understanding REF: 561 OBJ: 4

21. The monitoring of program activities, such as hours of service, number of providers used, number of referrals made, and amount of money spent to meet program objectives, is an example of which aspect of program evaluation?
a. Relevance
b. Progress
c. Efficiency
d. Effectiveness
ANS: B
The monitoring of program activities is an example of the progress aspect of program evaluation.

DIF: COG: Applying REF: 559 OBJ: 4

22. An example of a program objective would be:
a. To decrease the incidence of early childhood disease in Center County by providing immunization clinics in all schools between August and December of 2007
b. To provide condoms to sexually active teenagers in the local high school
c. To increase by 25% the number of school-age children wearing seat belts
d. To provide free diabetic screening every other month for two years
ANS: A
A program objective needs a strong, action-oriented verb, a statement of a single purpose, a statement of a single result, and a time frame for achieving the expected result.

DIF: COG: Applying REF: 558 OBJ: 4

23. In the objective to decrease the incidence of early childhood disease in Center County by 10% to 25% by providing immunization clinics in all schools before August and December 2007, the operational indicator is:
a. Decrease
b. Promoting immunization clinics
c. 10% to 25%
d. Before August and December 2007
ANS: C
The operational indicator is 10% to 25%; decrease is the action verb; promoting immunization clinics is the purpose; and before August and December 2007 is the time frame.

DIF: COG: Applying REF: 558 OBJ: 4

24. With the involvement of the local government and health department, a community-wide program is planned to make all public businesses smoke free, thus eliminating exposure to second-hand smoke. This program is an example of applying which level of prevention to program planning and evaluation?
a. Primary prevention
b. Secondary prevention
c. Tertiary prevention
d. Assessment
ANS: A
Primary prevention refers to those interventions aimed at preventing the occurrence of disease, injury, or disability.

DIF: COG: Applying REF: 563 OBJ: 4

25. Which critique of the program objective to decrease the incidence of early childhood disease in Center County by providing immunization clinics in all schools between August and December of 2005 is accurate?
a. It is accurate as written.
b. The results are ambiguous.
c. The action verb is not action-oriented.
d. The purpose is not stated.
ANS: A
A program objective needs a strong, action-oriented verb, a statement of a single purpose, a statement of a single result, and a time frame for achieving the expected result.

DIF: COG: Evaluating REF: 558 OBJ: 4

26. What is the purpose of performing a cost accounting study?
a. To detect what percentage of clients recover
b. To measure how long it takes for clients to see a caregiver
c. To note how many cases are associated with other major risk factors
d. To find the actual cost of a program
ANS: D
Cost accounting studies are performed to find the actual cost of a program.

DIF: COG: Understanding REF: 569 OBJ: 5

27. A nurse needs to collect baseline data before implementing which type of a study?
a. Cost-accounting study
b. Cost-benefit study
c. Cost-effectiveness study
d. Cost-efficiency study
ANS: C
A study designed to measure the quality of a program as it relates to cost is a cost-effectiveness study.

DIF: COG: Understanding REF: 569 OBJ: 5

28. A nurse collects data about productivity of staff members in order to evaluate a program. Which type of study is the nurse completing?
a. Cost-accounting study
b. Cost-benefit study
c. Cost-effectiveness study
d. Cost-efficiency study
ANS: D
A cost-efficiency study is designed to examine the actual cost of performing program services and to focus on productivity versus cost.

30. A nurse completes a cost accounting study on a program which targets obese adults, helping them to adopt healthier lifestyle choices. The nurse would like to compare the cost of the program to the cost-savings in the health care system by preventing the occurrence of chronic illnesses. Which type of study would be most appropriate to use in this situation?
a. Cost-accounting study
b. Cost-benefit study
c. Cost-effectiveness study
d. Cost-efficiency study
ANS: B
A study used to assess the desirability of a program by examining costs and benefits is a cost benefit study.

DIF: COG: Analyzing REF: 569 OBJ: 5

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. After a need and client demand for a program have been determined through the needs assessment process, the next step in the development of the program is to choose a procedural method that will assist the nurse in planning the program to be offered. Which are possible planning methods? Select all that apply.
a. Program planning method (PPM)
b. Multiattribute utility technique (MAUT)
c. Sustainability method
d. Effectiveness method
ANS: A, B
PPM and MAUT are types of planning methods. The sustainability and effectiveness methods are parts of the PPM.