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Budget cuts cause shortage of funds to fight wildfires

GRANTS PASS, Ore. (AP) - Running out of money to fight wildfires at the peak
of the season, the U.S. Forest Service is diverting $600 million from timber,
recreation and other areas to fill the gap.

The nation's top wildfire-fighting agency was down to $50 million after
spending $967 million so far this year, Forest Service spokesman Larry Chambers
said Wednesday in an email.

Chambers says the $50 million the Forest Service has left is typically
enough to pay for just a few days of fighting fires when the nation is at its top
wildfire preparedness level, which went into effect Tuesday.

There are 51 large uncontained fires burning across the nation, making it
tough to meet demands for fire crews and equipment.

Forest Service Chief Thomas Tidwell sent a letter Aug. 16 to regional
foresters and other top officials telling them to come up with the cuts by Friday.

"I recognize that this direction will have significant effects on the public
whom we serve and on our many valuable partners, as well as agency operations,
target accomplishments and performance," he wrote. "I regret that we have to take
this action and fully understand that it only increases costs and reduces
efficiency."

It was the sixth time the Forest Service has had to divert funds since 2002,
Chambers said.

The step comes as the Obama administration has been cutting spending on
thinning national forests to prevent wildfires, and despite Congress creating a
special wildfire reserve fund in 2009, known as the FLAME Act. Congress dedicated
$413 million to the reserve in fiscal 2010, but cut it to $290 million in 2011 and
raised it to $315 million in fiscal 2012, according to Forests Service documents.
This year it dropped to $299 million after sequestration.

"The Forest Service, when it lobbied for the FLAME Act, said, `Look, if you
give us this reserve fund for large fires, we won't need to raid other parts of
our budget,"' said Andy Stahl, director of the watchdog group Forest Service
Employees for Environmental Ethics. "The Forest Service instead used up the FLAME
money and is now using other parts of its budget. That is giving the agency a
blank check and it just keeps putting more zeros on it."

The mandatory budget cutting measure known as sequestration reduced the
Forest Service budget 5 percent, forcing cuts of 500 firefighters and 50 engines.

Wildfire spending by other federal agencies takes the total to $1.2 billion
so far this year, according to the National Interagency Fire Center in Boise,
Idaho. That is more than half last year's total of $1.9 billion, and fast-
approaching the 10-year average of $1.4 billion. There have been 33,000 fires that
have burned more than 5,300 square miles - an area nearly the size of Connecticut.

Meanwhile, the Obama administration has been steadily cutting spending on
thinning federal forests to reduce fire danger, and has proposed to cut even
further. The acreage treated would drop from 1.8 million acres thinned in 2012, to
685,000 acres next year, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture budget.

The Hazardous Fuels Reduction Program was $500 million last year, went down
to $419 million this year under the automatic budget cuts, and has been proposed
to go to $292 million next year.

"The fires that are ripping through Oregon and Idaho and California and the
West are just proof that the fire prevention policy is broke," Sen. Ron Wyden, D-
Ore., chairman of the Senate Natural Resources Committee, said from Lincoln City.

"There are nears of neglect. The fuel load builds up and it gets hotter and
hotter on the forest floor. Then you get something like a lightning strike and a
big inferno. Then the bureaucracy takes money from the prevention fund to put the
fires out and the problem gets worse. The cycle just repeats itself again and
again."

Wyden said he and other senators would be working hard this fall to overcome
pressures to cut spending in order to restore funding for wildfire prevention.

Christopher Topik, a director of Restoring America's Forests for The Nature
Conservancy, said he could not fault Tidwell for diverting money to wildfires.

"We can't allow our towns and forests to all burn down," he said. "It's also
irresponsible not to fund (prevention efforts) because it is an expected
disaster."