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Computers can produce files that translate design information into commands to operate machines, singularly or collectively, to perform pre-set sequences of tasks in the production of building components.

Modern machinery can be multi-functional, combining a number of tools in a single cell, or may deploy a number of different machines programmed to operate when the component is moved from machine to machine, either by human intervention or by computer control. In either case a series of steps are programmed to produce highly-automated components that closely match the original design.

It can be relatively 'low-tech', such as the WikiHouse initiative, which enables users to generate cutting files for components that can be manufactured from standard sheet materials such as plywood using a CNC router. The components can then be assembled, forming joints with pegs and wedges to create a basic dwelling.

However, the movement from 2D CAD to 3D BIM may enable the manufacture of entire assemblies using rapidly advancing robotic technology long established in the automotive industry. However, this is expensive technology and requires a protected, predictable environment. It also requires repetition and high numbers of units to make the investment in the robotics technology required viable. Consequently, CAM is most likely to be taken up in off-site pre-fabrication facilities for the development of repetitive building types such as in the residential market.