History and Philosophy of Physics

Ockham's Razor and its Improper Use

"Ockham's razor" is a methodical principle, due to the medieval philosopher
William of Ockham, who mainly opposed an unjustified creation of new terms in
philosophy. Since this principle and its later versions are frequently quoted in
discussions about anomalies, it will be studied here in some detail. After a short
look on the historical roots, the principal modern formulations are summarized.
It will be shown that a demand for "simplicity" cannot be generally maintained.
Rather, striving for simplicity can conflict with other essentials of scientific
method. Ockham's principle - no matter whether in its original or in a modified
version - cannot be helpful in a rational decision between competing
explanations for the same empirical facts. An incorrect use of Ockham's razor
only leads to a perpetuation and corroboration of existing prejudice, and this
principle should not be used to easily get rid of unwelcome data or concepts.

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