[Federal Register: April 26, 2000 (Volume 65, Number 81)]
[Notices]
[Page 24502-24503]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr26ap00-97]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Inventory Completion for Native American Human Remains,
Associated Funerary Objects, and Unassociated Funerary Objects in the
Control of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior,
Washington, DC and in the Possession of the Milwaukee Public Museum,
Milwaukee, WI
AGENCY: National Park Service.
ACTION: Notice.
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Notice is hereby given in accordance with provisions of the Native
American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 43 CFR 10.9,
of the completion of an inventory of human remains, associated funerary
objects, and unassociated funerary objects in the control of the Bureau
of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior, Washington, DC and in
the possession of the Milwaukee Public Museum, Milwaukee, WI.
A detailed assessment of the human remains was made by Milwaukee
Public Museum professional staff in consultation with representatives
of the Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin.
In 1919, human remains representing a minimum of three individuals
were recovered from the Five Islands Mound Group (47-ME-11) within the
exterior boundaries of the Menominee reservation during non-legally
authorize excavations conducted by Samuel A. Barrett, MPM Curator of
Anthropology, Milwaukee, WI, and Alanson B. Skinner, Museum of the
American Indian, Heye Foundation, New York, NY. No known individuals
were identified. The 198 associated funerary objects consist of grit-
tempered, cordmarked sherds and a chert point fragment.
The Five Islands Mound Group site consists of eight mounds and a
village occupation. Based on cultural material, this site has been
dated to the Woodland period.
The 28 cultural items consist of grit-tempered, cordmarked sherds.
In 1919, these cultural items were recovered from a mound at an unnamed
site in Keshena, WI during non-legally authorized excavations within
the exterior boundaries of the Menominee reservation by Samuel A.
Barrett, MPM Curator of Anthropology, Milwaukee, WI and Alanson B.
Skinner, Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, New York, NY.
In 1921, human remains representing a minimum of seven individuals
were recovered from an unnamed site near Five Islands (47-ME-12) within
the exterior boundaries of the Menominee reservation during non-legally
authorized excavations conducted by Alanson B. Skinner, Museum of the
American Indian, Heye Foundation, New York, NY. No known individuals
were identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
This unnamed site near Five Islands has not been completely
described in excavation records.
In 1921, human remains representing a minimum of seven individuals
from the Kakwatch Mound Group (47-ME-6) within the exterior boundaries
of the Menominee reservation during unauthorized excavations conducted
by Samuel A. Barrett, MPM Curator of Anthropology, Milwaukee, WI, and
Alanson B. Skinner, Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, New
York, NY. No known individuals were identified. The two associated
funerary objects include a bear jaw and sherds from a grit-tempered,
cordmarked ceramic pot.
The 184 cultural items include 169 grit-tempered, cordmarked
sherds, a reconstructed grit-tempered, cordmarked pot, charcoal, bear
jaw fragments, faunal remains, a hammerstone, a sandstone abrader, a
small pitted hammer, a small celt, two stone mortars, two lithic
projectile points, charred walnut fragments, and lithic debitage. These
cultural items were excavated from burials from which the human remains
were not collected
[[Page 24503]]
at the Kakwatch Mound Group (47-ME-6) within the exterior boundaries of
the Menominee reservation during unauthorized excavations conducted by
Samuel A. Barrett, MPM Curator of Anthropology, Milwaukee, WI, and
Alanson B. Skinner, Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, New
York, NY.
The Kakwatch Mound Group consists of two mound groups (nine mounds
total), a village occupation, and numerous refuse pits. Based on
material culture, the Kakwatch Mound Group has been identified as a
Woodland occupation.
In 1921, human remains representing a minimum of five individuals
were recovered from the Nakuti's Berry Patch Mound Group (47-ME-5)
within the exterior boundaries of the Menominee reservation during non-
legally authorized excavations conducted by Alanson B. Skinner, MPM
Curator of Anthropology, Milwaukee, WI. No known individuals were
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
In 1921, human remains representing one individual were recovered
from the Paiawisit Mound Group (47-ME-58) within the exterior
boundaries of the Menominee reservation during non-legally authorized
excavations conducted by Alanson B. Skinner, MPM Curator of
Anthropology, Milwaukee, WI. No known individual was identified. The 16
associated funerary objects consist of grit-tempered, cordmarked
sherds.
Before 1920, human remains representing one individual were
recovered from the South Branch Chapel site (47-ME-58) within the
exterior boundaries of the Menominee reservation during non-legally
authorized excavations conducted by Charles H. Koonz, Clerk of the
Indian Agency at Keshena, WI. No known individual was identified. The
ten associated funerary objects include one conch shell columnella and
nine shell fragments.
All human remains from the above-listed sites have been identified
as Native American. Based on analysis of mound types, site
descriptions, and stylistic analysis of material culture, the sites
listed above have been identified as part of the Keshena Focus, which
has been linked with both the Late Woodland Period Effigy Mound Culture
and the more general Woodland Period focus.
Based on the above mentioned information, officials of the Bureau
of Indian Affairs and the Milwaukee Public Museum have determined that,
pursuant to 43 CFR 10.2(d)(1), the human remains listed above represent
the physical remains of a minimum of 24 individuals of Native American
ancestry. Officials of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Milwaukee
Public Museum have also determined that, pursuant to 43 CFR 10.2(d)(2),
the 227 objects listed above are reasonably believed to have been
placed with or near individual human remains at the time of death or
later as part of the death rite or ceremony. Officials of the Bureau of
Indian Affairs and the Milwaukee Public Museum have determined that,
pursuant to 43 CFR 10.2(d)(2)(ii), these 212 cultural items are
reasonably believed to have been placed with or near individual human
remains at the time of death or later as part of the death rite or
ceremony and are believed, by a preponderance of the evidence, to have
been removed from a specific burial site of an Native American
individual. Lastly, officials of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the
Milwaukee Public Museum have determined that, pursuant to 43 CFR
10.2(e), there is a relationship of shared group identity which can be
reasonably traced between these Native American human remains,
associated funerary objects, unassociated funerary objects and the
Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin.
This notice has been sent to officials of the Menominee Indian
Tribe of Wisconsin, the Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of
Chippewa Indians of the Bad River Reservation, the Forest County
Potawatomi Community of Wisconsin Potawatomi Indians, the Ho-Chunk
Nation of Wisconsin, the Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior
Chippewa Indians of the Lac Courte Oreilles Reservation, the Lac du
Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of the Lac du Flambeau
Reservation, the Oneida Tribe of Wisconsin, the Red Cliff Band of Lake
Superior Chippewa Indians, the Sokaogon Chippewa Community of the Mole
Lake Band of Chippewa Indians, the St. Croix Chippewa Indians of
Wisconsin, St. Croix Reservation, and the Stockbridge-Munsee Community
of Mohican Indians of Wisconsin. Representatives of any other Indian
tribe that believes itself to be culturally affiliated with these human
remains, associated funerary objects, and unassociated funerary objects
should contact Ann McMullen, Ph.D., Curator of North American
Ethnology, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee,
WI 53233; telephone: (414) 278-2786; fax (414) 278-6100, before May 26,
2000. Repatriation of the human remains, associated funerary objects to
the Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin may begin after the date if no
additional claimants come forward.
Dated: April 10, 2000.
Francis P. McManamon,
Departmental Consulting Archeologist, Manager, Archeology and
Ethnography Program.
[FR Doc. 00-10314 Filed 4-25-00; 8:45 am]
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