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You can certainly back up your important files to cloud providers but if your internet goes down it’s always handy to have a backup close at hand too. That’s where external drives come in, and these are a great option to expand your storage for lower-end laptops and portable devices.

With so many drives out there, how do you know which ones to buy? Should you buy a hard drive or an external SSD? Which version of USB do you need? Do connectors matter? What about encryption? We’ll answer all that and more in our guide on how to choose an external drive, to make sure you get the most for your money.

Here we are about to discuss the factors you need to keep in mind while buying an external drive.

Storage Capacity

The storage space is the most important specs to consider when buying an external drive. There is no point buying a high-speed device, if it does not come with adequate storage space you need. Plus, you don’t want to pay for a drive you’ll never come close to filling. So what size should you be aiming for? It depends on what you want to do with it.

If you want a device that’s good for transferring documents, photos, or other media from one device to the other, then you might be better off with a mid-range flash drive.

If you want to store a large amount of data and keep files and folders on there long term, you’ll want something bigger. A 1TB drive should suit most needs for the foreseeable future, but if you envision storing hundreds of movies, or just never want to run out of space, there are drives available today that offer multiple terabytes of space.

Transfer Speed

Apart from storage capacity, transfer speed is incredibly important when it comes to external drive. Because if you transfer files back and forth to a huge drive, you don’t want to wait an age for them to complete.

Two main factors – the storage technology and the connector it uses – determine how fast your drive can operate. Although some drives are faster than others, in general, SSDs can process data faster than their HDD counterparts and often have less storage capacity. However, there are SSDs with larger storage capacity but those come with a hefty price tag.

When it comes to connector that hook up your external drive to your desktop, laptop, or mobile device, there are quite a few options to consider. Most drives today use a USB interface, but there are several generations, which varies in terms of transfer speed. USB 2.0 is an old standard with a comparatively slow transfer speed. USB 3.0 offers a substantial increase in speed [up to 5 Gbps], while USB 3.1 [also known as USB 3.1 Gen 2] is becoming more common and offer up to 10 Gbps transfer speeds. Devices that support Thunderbolt 3 offer the fastest connection medium out there, capable of transferring media at up to 40 Gbps.

Portability and Durability

If you want to keep your backup external drive at home, you don’t need to consider portability. If you want to keep the drive with you when you’re out, portability is of paramount importance. You want it to be light and small enough to fit in a bag or pocket so that it can be accessed quickly and easily. Ideally, you want one that doesn’t require an external power cable too.

Most external drives are far from weighty and some are tiny, offering huge digital storage space while being physically diminutive. In the inverse of storage space, SSDs tend to be a little smaller than their hard drive counterparts.

Another reason to consider an SSD over a HDD is durability. While modern-day external drives often come equipped with rugged casings to protect them against damage should they be banged or dropped, the two technologies have very different physical makeups. An SSD has no moving parts, making them more durable to drop damage than a traditional hard drive. While nobody plans to drop their external drive, if you think you might, SSDs offer a little more protection against such unfortunate events.

Security

If the data you store on your external drive is sensitive in any way, encrypting the data is a good idea. There are many drives out there that are compatible with software encryption solutions and those are fine for most people, but for those who take their data security more seriously, you want to find a drive with hardware encryption.