Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall
Buildings, 2003

Number
of Buildings (thousand)

All
Buildings*

Year
Constructed

1919 or
Before

1920 to
1945

1946 to
1959

1960 to
1969

1970 to
1979

1980 to
1989

1990 to
1999

2000 to
2003

All Buildings*
...............................

4,645

330

527

562

579

731

707

876

334

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000
................................

2,552

174

315

331

298

350

438

481

165

5,001 to 10,000
..............................

889

71

107

90

120

180

98

158

66

10,001 to 25,000
............................

738

55

64

90

95

122

103

151

58

25,001 to 50,000
............................

241

19

23

26

33

48

32

39

21

50,001 to 100,000
..........................

129

7

9

14

22

16

20

28

13

100,001 to 200,000
........................

65

Q

5

8

8

10

10

15

8

200,001 to 500,000
........................

25

Q

4

2

3

4

4

4

2

Over 500,000
.................................

7

Q

1

1

0

1

2

1

Q

Principal Building
Activity

Education
.......................................

386

12

26

78

60

58

44

75

32

Food Sales
.....................................

226

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

33

56

Q

Food Service
.................................

297

32

34

30

Q

46

46

66

Q

Health Care
....................................

129

Q

10

25

10

16

19

36

10

Inpatient .......................................

8

Q

Q

Q

1

2

2

0

Q

Outpatient ....................................

121

Q

Q

Q

Q

14

18

36

Q

Lodging
..........................................

142

Q

11

17

25

25

21

30

6

Retail (Other Than
Mall)..................

443

37

66

62

59

90

44

68

17

Office
.............................................

824

70

85

75

116

145

153

142

39

Public Assembly
............................

277

31

36

45

30

44

31

42

18

Public Order and Safety
................

71

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

21

Q

Religious Worship
..........................

370

65

52

58

54

41

43

35

23

Service
..........................................

622

Q

90

59

75

117

108

110

42

Warehouse and Storage ...............

597

20

39

44

47

78

108

164

98

Other
..............................................

79

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

17

Q

Vacant
...........................................

182

Q

35

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Census Region

Northeast
.......................................

726

122

121

105

108

71

97

69

31

Midwest
.........................................

1,266

139

163

157

131

196

163

228

90

South
.............................................

1,775

47

152

161

192

297

351

411

163

West
..............................................

878

21

91

138

148

167

95

168

51

Climate Zone:
30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

More than 7,000 HDD ...................

855

113

80

103

114

131

104

148

63

5,500-7,000 HDD .........................

1,173

130

155

167

146

185

162

170

57

4,000-5,499 HDD .........................

673

49

103

84

85

95

94

115

46

Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................

1,276

31

126

167

152

232

192

280

95

2,000 CDD or More and --

Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................

669

Q

64

40

81

88

153

163

73

Number of Floors

One
................................................

3,136

80

236

374

402

536

536

699

272

Two
...............................................

1,031

116

187

135

122

148

130

141

51

Three
.............................................

339

92

78

46

42

32

21

23

5

Four to Nine
...................................

128

41

25

6

10

13

16

11

6

Ten or More
...................................

12

Q

2

1

2

1

3

Q

Q

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may
apply)

Any Elevators
................................

309

36

42

25

37

49

42

46

32

Number of Elevators

One ..............................................

208

26

33

18

25

31

20

30

24

Two to Five ..................................

88

8

7

5

10

16

19

14

8

Six or More ..................................

13

Q

1

1

1

2

3

2

Q

Any Escalators
..............................

6

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Number of
Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5
.................................

2,653

203

325

344

331

394

383

481

192

5 to 9
..............................................

778

62

97

90

87

118

148

128

49

10 to 19
..........................................

563

30

51

61

74

91

69

135

49

20 to 49
..........................................

398

21

37

46

48

85

54

83

25

50 to 99
..........................................

147

11

10

14

21

23

30

26

13

100 to 249
......................................

77

Q

5

5

14

15

14

18

4

250 or More
...................................

30

Q

2

2

3

5

9

6

2

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40
...............................

1,002

115

127

156

130

100

150

150

73

40 to 48
..........................................

1,117

72

144

144

122

202

161

212

60

49 to 60
..........................................

1,062

62

121

127

139

175

192

181

65

61 to 84
..........................................

591

44

75

65

75

126

66

91

50

85 to 167
........................................

400

25

36

33

51

52

60

106

37

Open Continuously
........................

475

12

24

37

63

76

77

136

49

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned ................

4,011

304

461

463

482

638

624

759

280

Owner Occupied .........................

1,841

168

222

213

242

286

273

327

110

Nonowner Occupied ...................

2,029

125

206

227

224

334

326

423

163

Unoccupied ..................................

141

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Government Owned
......................

635

25

67

99

97

92

83

117

55

Federal .........................................

46

Q

8

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

State ............................................

164

Q

15

22

28

25

24

30

Q

Local ............................................

425

19

44

74

56

60

55

84

33

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant
.........................

157

Q

35

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Mostly Vacant
................................

25

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Partially Vacant
..............................

548

57

72

57

52

58

85

113

54

Not At All Vacant
...........................

3,915

255

420

475

499

654

591

749

271

Number of Establishments

One
................................................

3,754

248

402

449

479

599

545

746

286

2 to 5
..............................................

643

61

84

78

74

92

111

106

37

6 to 10
............................................

55

Q

Q

Q

7

12

12

Q

Q

11 to 20
..........................................

23

Q

Q

Q

Q

7

4

Q

Q

More than 20
..................................

14

Q

Q

Q

Q

3

4

Q

Q

Currently Unoccupied
....................

157

Q

35

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco
...................

2,044

195

348

273

265

296

257

303

107

Concrete (Block or Poured) ...........

786

23

65

170

136

126

99

111

58

Concrete Panels
............................

131

Q

Q

Q

9

30

33

21

19

Siding or Shingles
..........................

779

100

83

71

92

96

109

188

40

Metal Panels
...................................

825

Q

Q

32

66

172

196

236

104

Window Glass
...............................

17

N

Q

Q

Q

Q

2

Q

Q

Other
..............................................

47

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

No One Major Type
........................

18

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Predominant Roof
Material

Built-Up
..........................................

1,036

64

178

156

157

178

127

141

35

Shingles (Not Wood)
......................

1,325

132

134

178

186

190

200

225

80

Metal Surfacing
..............................

1,288

39

65

76

110

224

250

349

174

Synthetic or Rubber
.......................

511

61

79

69

72

72

72

59

27

Slate or Tile
....................................

263

21

47

36

Q

31

25

75

Q

Wooden Materials
..........................

122

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Concrete
........................................

61

N

Q

Q

Q

Q

9

Q

Q

Other
..............................................

16

N

N

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

No One Major Type
........................

25

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may
apply)

Any Type of Renovation

Since 1980
....................................

1,018

156

201

225

199

237

N

N

N

Addition or Annex .......................

256

21

37

48

65

85

N

N

N

Reduction In Floorspace .............

22

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

N

N

N

Cosmetic Improvements ..............

741

127

156

174

138

146

N

N

N

Wall or Roof Replacement ..........

370

53

81

84

74

78

N

N

N

Interior Wall

Re-Configuration ........................

411

73

79

85

74

99

N

N

N

HVAC Equipment Upgrade ..........

442

70

89

107

75

100

N

N

N

Lighting Upgrade .........................

455

80

100

109

82

84

N

N

N

Window Replacement .................

310

63

70

74

50

53

N

N

N

Plumbing System Upgrade ..........

315

52

78

84

48

53

N

N

N

Insulation Upgrade ......................

227

46

46

60

29

47

N

N

N

Other Renovation ........................

19

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

N

N

N

No Renovations Since 1980 ..........

1,710

173

326

337

380

494

N

N

N

Building Newer than 1980 .............

1,917

N

N

N

N

N

707

876

334

Energy Sources (more
than

one may apply)

Electricity
.......................................

4,404

318

499

541

571

700

668

809

298

Natural Gas
....................................

2,391

200

338

313

309

391

303

419

118

Fuel Oil
...........................................

451

75

52

75

61

59

63

49

17

District Heat
...................................

67

6

12

15

13

6

5

8

Q

District Chilled Water
......................

33

Q

Q

4

4

5

5

8

Q

Propane
.........................................

502

43

37

52

63

68

90

95

54

Other
..............................................

132

Q

Q

Q

21

49

Q

Q

Q

Energy End Uses (more
than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ........

3,982

302

442

493

524

648

618

719

236

Buildings with Cooling
....................

3,625

232

382

430

467

609

577

695

234

Buildings with Water Heating .........

3,472

266

367

416

444

582

531

642

224

Buildings with Cooking
...................

801

71

87

119

92

112

112

144

65

Buildings with Manufacturing ........

119

Q

Q

Q

17

28

14

19

Q

Buildings with
Electricity

Generation
....................................

149

8

8

13

16

28

38

26

12

Percent of Floorspace
Heated

Not Heated
.....................................

663

27

85

69

55

83

88

157

98

1 to 50
............................................

523

48

60

55

65

68

84

93

50

51 to 99
..........................................

498

55

70

70

52

82

73

78

18

100
.................................................

2,962

200

312

368

407

497

460

549

168

Percent of Floorspace
Cooled

Not Cooled
.....................................

1,020

98

146

132

112

121

129

181

100

1 to 50
............................................

985

95

107

125

131

146

151

165

65

51 to 99
..........................................

629

50

79

81

64

133

90

97

35

100
.................................................

2,011

87

196

224

272

331

335

433

133

Percent Lit When Open

Zero
...............................................

47

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

1 to 50
............................................

929

117

113

125

131

106

131

159

47

51 to 99
..........................................

1,108

81

124

134

133

199

167

192

77

100
.................................................

2,176

102

233

253

279

380

348

429

153

Building Never Open/

Electricity Not Used .......................

386

27

54

48

Q

42

56

84

40

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero
...............................................

1,964

171

213

225

255

330

282

334

153

1 to 50
............................................

1,882

125

243

266

240

283

285

347

91

51 to 100
........................................

136

Q

Q

Q

18

17

26

19

Q

Building Never Closed/

Electricity Not Used .......................

664

24

52

58

66

101

114

176

73

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps
....................................

476

Q

31

44

50

82

102

120

39

Packaged Heat Pumps .................

278

Q

Q

25

30

60

63

59

25

Split-System Heat Pumps .............

166

Q

Q

Q

14

24

33

55

Q

Individual Room Heat Pumps ........

58

Q

Q

9

Q

6

10

11

6

Furnaces
.......................................

1,864

151

235

259

242

330

252

299

96

Individual Space Heaters
...............

819

65

72

120

114

130

119

152

47

District Heat
...................................

65

Q

12

13

13

6

4

8

Q

Boilers
............................................

579

105

103

98

82

65

43

56

27

Packaged Heating Units
.................

953

25

63

79

106

176

209

226

70

Other
..............................................

205

Q

Q

Q

24

40

40

35

15

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

Air Conditioners
............................

1,006

83

135

115

112

157

165

184

55

Heat Pumps
....................................

492

Q

36

48

50

77

105

122

46

Packaged Heat Pumps .................

288

Q

Q

27

30

55

66

63

26

Split-System Heat Pumps .............

174

Q

Q

Q

14

24

33

53

Q

Individual Room Heat Pumps ........

58

Q

Q

9

Q

6

10

11

7

Individual Air Conditioners
.............

742

82

109

124

130

121

90

72

14

District Chilled Water
......................

33

Q

Q

4

4

5

5

8

Q

Central Chillers
...............................

111

4

8

11

22

24

19

16

8

Packaged Air
Conditioning

Units
..............................................

1,613

81

147

180

201

294

251

334

125

Swamp Coolers
.............................

122

Q

Q

Q

Q

35

18

19

Q

Other
..............................................

40

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Main Equipment
Replaced Since

1990 (more
than one may apply)

Heating
...........................................

1,197

117

177

189

211

290

212

N

N

Cooling
...........................................

1,356

133

198

230

250

319

227

N

N

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may
apply)

Incandescent
.................................

2,184

229

276

294

295

362

294

327

109

Standard Fluorescent
....................

3,943

272

447

491

517

651

598

726

242

Compact Fluorescent
.....................

941

75

113

110

111

151

136

177

69

High Intensity Discharge
................

455

17

34

55

45

81

65

116

42

Halogen
..........................................

565

55

48

62

51

83

76

128

63

Other
..............................................

8

Q

N

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may
apply)

Any
Refrigeration...........................

3,176

243

342

401

396

511

487

598

199

Commercial Refrigeration .............

1,007

77

111

140

112

155

145

189

78

Walk-In Units ..............................

666

52

61

71

78

109

109

129

58

Cases or Cabinets .....................

825

69

92

115

94

121

118

156

59

Residential-Type Units .................

2,370

201

256

308

300

379

365

428

134

Vending Machines .......................

996

40

93

114

156

175

148

205

65

No Refrigeration
.............................

1,469

87

186

161

183

220

220

278

136

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers
.....................................

3,081

198

320

343

398

512

491

609

210

With Flat Screen Monitors ............

877

41

93

83

117

165

148

169

60

Dedicated Servers
.........................

1,175

56

107

101

154

219

212

235

90

Laser Printers
................................

1,970

132

206

228

272

337

298

368

128

Inkjet Printers
.................................

1,420

86

127

145

165

261

239

303

95

FAX Machines
...............................

2,715

172

304

293

352

457

431

544

162

Photocopiers
..................................

1,939

132

215

226

250

314

296

371

135

Number of Computers

None
..............................................

1,565

132

207

219

181

218

216

267

125

1 to 4
..............................................

1,670

124

187

204

218

243

263

318

113

5 to 9
..............................................

559

34

62

52

69

100

94

113

34

10 to 19
..........................................

370

21

24

28

49

69

53

96

30

20 to 49
..........................................

255

12

28

31

24

64

35

46

15

50 to 99
..........................................

110

Q

12

17

18

15

24

14

8

100 to 249
......................................

79

4

5

9

14

13

14

14

6

250 or More
...................................

38

Q

3

3

5

8

9

7

3

Number of Dedicated
Servers

None
..............................................

3,471

273

420

460

426

512

495

640

244

1 to 4
..............................................

1,060

51

100

92

136

202

183

214

83

5 to 9
..............................................

58

Q

Q

Q

8

7

12

13

5

10 to 19
..........................................

30

Q

Q

Q

4

Q

9

6

Q

20 to 49
..........................................

17

Q

Q

Q

2

5

6

Q

Q

50 or More
.....................................

10

Q

Q

Q

Q

1

2

1

Q

Number of Photocopiers

None
..............................................

2,706

198

312

336

329

417

411

504

200

One
................................................

1,250

92

145

159

163

184

165

258

84

2 to 4
..............................................

549

34

59

55

67

103

103

85

43

5 to 9
..............................................

85

Q

9

4

13

17

15

19

5

10 or More
.....................................

54

Q

3

7

7

11

13

9

3

Energy-Related
Space Functions

(more than one may
apply)

Commercial Food Preparation ........

799

71

87

118

90

112

112

144

65

Activities with Large

Amounts of Hot Water ..................

567

33

63

82

69

97

59

117

46

Separate Computer Area ...............

553

27

48

57

73

88

104

109

47

HVAC Conservation
Features

(more than one may
apply)

Variable Air-Volume System .........

466

16

34

42

38

85

76

126

48

Economizer Cycle
..........................

508

18

29

45

53

103

93

105

61

HVAC Maintenance
.......................

2,581

170

275

293

327

416

413

511

176

Energy Management and

Control System (EMCS) ................

252

7

20

24

33

29

48

66

26

Window and Interior
Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows
.....................

2,201

156

196

232

225

332

373

500

186

Tinted Window Glass
....................

1,323

67

115

128

144

228

261

276

105

Reflective Window Glass ..............

308

13

23

33

26

42

63

74

34

External Overhangs

or Awnings
...................................

1,233

88

132

138

165

223

190

215

81

Skylights or Atriums
.......................

331

21

38

30

30

49

60

70

33

Daylighting Sensors
.......................

74

Q

Q

Q

Q

14

13

18

4

Specular Reflectors
.......................

928

55

93

98

112

143

152

186

89

Electronic Ballasts
.........................

2,577

155

274

296

311

439

386

519

196

Energy Management and

Control System (EMCS)

for Lighting
....................................

60

Q

Q

Q

6

7

10

24

6

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In
Full Use

(more than one may apply)a

Heating
...........................................

2,878

217

317

386

380

473

427

500

179

Cooling
...........................................

2,761

178

292

360

368

454

418

514

177

Lighting
..........................................

3,685

273

429

463

475

603

542

659

241

Office Equipment
...........................

1,504

104

172

192

189

239

228

277

104

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for
further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed
from the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/.* Figures in this table do not
include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213
thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion square feet.a The
definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be
directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the
Tables" for discussion of the differences.
Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than
50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.
N=No responding cases in sample.

Notes:
● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to
rounding, data may not sum to totals.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End
Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption
Survey.