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Патент USA US3019126

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3,019,109
Patented Jan. 30, 1962
2
chlortetracycline fermentation cake together with suit
3,019,109
able diluents to form a feed supplement containing from
about 1 to about 50 grams of chlortetracycline per pound.
STABILIZATION 0F ANTIBIO'HCS IN FEEDS
_
AND FEED SUPPLEMENTS
This mixture is then sized into pellets approximately 3/16
Irving Klothen, Princeton, N.J., assignor to American
inch in size with as little increase in moisture and tem
Cyanamrd Company, New York, N.Y., a corporation
perature as is consistent with good pelleting operations.
of Maine
The pellets after being cooled are crumbled into a particle
size consistent with general particle size of the feed into
which they are to be added, and also taking into consid
This invention relates to the stabilization of animal 10 eration uniform distribution of such particles throughout
and poultry feed containing chlortetracycline and more
the feed in such quantity that all animals can reasonably
be expected to get an equal effective dose per feeding.
particularly is concerned with a novel process of prepar
Generally this particle size will range approximately from
mg animal feeds or animal feed supplements which are
stable upon prolonged storage against loss of antibiotic
10 to 60 mesh. Alternatively, a small pellet such as one
potency.
15 3/32 of an inch in diameter can be produced, immediately
yielding a product of the desired ?nal panticle size.
In recent years the use of antibiotics in animal feeds
for improving growth characteristics and ef?ciency of feed
The pelleting operation can be carried out by any suit
able equipment available commercially which Will pro
utilization has become of considerable economic im
portance. One of the best of such procedures is de~
duce the desired particle size of the treated feed supple
ment. Such equipment as pellet mill, hammer mill, etc.
scribed in the United States patent to Jukes No. 2,619,420
No Drawing. Filed May 10, 1960, Ser. No. 28,013
6 Claims. (Cl. 99—2)
which involves the addition to animal feeds of the anti
biotics produced by fermentation of an aqueous nutrient
medium with the microorganism Streptomyces aureo
faciens. In practice, the fermentation mash solids are
harvested, after the fermentation has been continued for
the requisite length of time, and dried. The dried
harvest mash containing the antibiotics produced by the
microorganism Streptomyces aureofaciens can be used as
an animal feed supplement or may be blended with con
ventional animal feed materials to produce a nutrition
ally-balanced growth accelerating animal feed.
may be used satisfactorily. ‘Other compacting or ag
glomerating techniques such as dry compression or
granulation can be used in lieu of the pelleting operation.
If desired, the resulting particles can be coated viu'th'a
protective ?lm to further separate the antibiotic from
the feed environment. Suitable coating agents which
may be used are gelatinous materials, waxw, polyethylene
glycol and hydrogenated fats and oils.
A commercial poultry feed containing 20% crude pro
30 tein, 4% crude fat and 5% crude ?ber was used in the
following experiments. This was formulated of the fol
lowing ingredients:
The use of the dried chlortetracycline-containing fer
mentation harvest mash solids as an animal or poultry
feed supplement has from the beginning presented very
vexing problems particularly the loss of potency of the
Ribo?avin supplement
35 D activated animal sterol
Vitamin A feeding oil
antibiotic in the feed or feed supplement upon prolonged
storage. This loss of antibiotic potency, and which fre
Meat and bone scrap
Corn fermentation solubles
Fish meal
quently runs as high as 20% over a one-year storage
period, has heretofore necessitated the addition of a suit
Soybean oil meal
able overage of dried harvest mash antibiotic-containing 40 Dehydrated alfalfa meal
solids to the animal feed blend so as to maintain the anti
Corn meal
biotic potency during storage. Such a procedure ‘is un
satisfactory and among other things results in higher than
Wheat standard middlings
Feeding cane molasses
desired manufacturing costs for these animal feed sup
plements.
The present invention is based upon the surprising dis
covery that (1) by the addition of calcium hydroxide to
an animal feed supplement, and which preferably is in
the form of dried harvest mash solids with or without
other feed materials and containing from 1 to 50 grams
of chlortetracycline per pound, so as to raise or main
tain the pH of the supplement to a pH of between about
7 and 12, and preferably 8.5—11.5, and ‘(2) thereafter
45
Low ?uorine rock phosphate, 2%
Calcium carbonate, 2%
Manganese sulfate, .0125%
Iodized salt, .5 %
Calcium pantothenate
Niacin
Animal fat (preserved with butylated hydroxyanisole)
A feed supplement sold commercially under the trade
mark Aurofac-lO chlortetracycline containing approxi
mately 1—50 grams chlortetracycline per pound and con
subjecting the so-treated supplement to a pelleting or ag
glomerating operation so as to produce pellets or crum~ 55 sisting essentially of the following ingredients Was pre
pared:
bles having a particle size of the order of from 10 to 60
Percent
mesh, it has been found that the resultant feed supple
Chlortetracycline fermentation cake ____________ __
23
ment is stable upon prolonged storage against loss in
antibiotic potency.
Chlortetracycline fermentation cake ____________ __
30
about 12% pulverized calcium hydroxide is mixed with
the feed supplement it was pelleted into 3/36 inch pellets
The present invention has the further and distinct ad 60 Coconut oil methylester ______________________ __ 1.5
Solvent extract soybean feed __________________ __ 45.5
vantage over the use of calcium hydroxide alone in that
the feed supplement pellets can be blended or diluted
The invention Will be described in greater detail in con
with conventional animal or poultry feed materials so
junction with the following speci?c examples.
that the ?nal animal feed is itself stabilized against loss
EXAMPLE 1
in antibiotic potency. This desirable result probably oc 65
Aurofac-lO
chlortetracycline
was used in a poultry feed
curs because the treated feed supplement is maintained
of the above composition in a series of experiments with
in discrete particles and thus is not in?uenced as greatly
and without the addition of calcium hydroxide to deter
by the adverse environment of the animal feed which
mine losses in antibiotic potencies in the poultry feed
unless treated with excessively large amounts of calcium
after storage under accelerated conditions at 56° C. for
hydroxide cannot readily be stabilized.
two days. After the addition of calcium hydroxide to
In carrying out the present invention from about .2 to
3,019,109
4
and the so-treated feed supplement was then sized through
when added to a major amount of an edible animal feed
a US. standard sieve No. 20 and retained on a US.
standard sieve No. 30. The results obtained are shown
stu?? will be stable against losses in antibiotic potency ‘for
extended periods of time.
in the following table.
2. A process for the production of an animal feed
Table
Composition
Percent
Moisture
composition comprising a nutritionally-balanced animal
feed containing the growth-promoting factors produced
by elaboration of the microorganism Streptomyces auro
faciens which comprises adding to an animal feed supple
ment containing said growth-promoting factors calcium
Average
Antibiotic
Initial
Recovery After
Assay
Storage as
(MicroPercent of
biological) Initial Assay
5 O.—2 Days
hydroxide in an amount ranging from about .2 to 12%
by weight of the feed, and subjecting the so-treated supple
Aurofac-lO in Poultry Feed. _ __
17. 6
204. 5
64. 5
185. 5
66. 0
ment to a sizing operation so as to produce a particle size
Aurofac-lO Crumbles in Poul
of between 10 and 60 mesh whereby the supplement
try FeeCL __________________ __
17.6
Aurofae-IO in Poultry Feed
with 5% Ca(OH)2 __________ __
'
17.3
181.5
71. O
Aurofac-IO Crumbles in Poul
try Feed with 5% Ca(OH)2___
17. 4
167. 5
80. 5
biotic potency for extended periods of time.
17.3
184. 5
78. 5
position comprising a nutritionally-balanced animal feed
17.5
185.0
82. 5 20
Auroiac-IO 1 in Poultry Feed
when added to a major amount of a nutritionally-bal
15 anced animal feed will be stable against losses in anti
3. A process for the production of an animal feed com
OTC/calcium caseinate with
5% Ca(OH)z_ ______________ _.
Aurofac~l0 1 Crumbles in Poul
try Feed OTC/calcium ca
seinate with 5% C£L(OH):_____
containing chlortetracycline which comprises adding to
1Chlortetracycline/calcium cascinate complex was used in lieu of
chlortetracycline fermentation cake. This material has a potency of
60% and was used at 4.3% of the total blend. The remaining diluent
was supplied from soybean feed.
an ‘animal feed supplement containing chlortetracycline
calcium hydroxide in an amount ranging from about .2
to 12% by weight of the feed and subjecting the so
treated supplement to a sizing operation so as to produce
a particle size of between 10 and 60 mesh whereby the
25 supplement when added to a major ‘amount of a nutri
I claim:
tionally-balanced animal feed will be stable against losses
1. A process for the production of an animal feed
in antibiotic potency for extended periods of time.
composition comprising an edible animal feedstutf con
in an amount ranging from about .2 to 12% by weight of
4. An animal feed composition prepared according to
claim 1.
5. An animal feed composition prepared according to
claim 2.
6. An animal feed composition prepared according to
the feed supplement, and subjecting the so-treated supple
claim 3.
taining the growth-promoting factors produced by elab
oration of the microorganism Streptomyces aureofaciens
which comprises adding to an animal feed supplement con
taining said growth-promoting factors calcium hydroxide
ment to a sizing operation so as to produce a particle size
of between 10 and 60 mesh whereby the feed supplement
'
No references cited.