How a 24-year-old single mom survives while only making $2.13 an hour

How a 24-year-old single mom survives while only making $2.13 an hour

NEW YORK — The tips that Tiffany Kirk earns at the “Howl at the Moon” piano bar determine whether she’ll be able to keep the lights on at home.

That’s because the 24-year-old bartender and single mom’s minimum hourly wage at the Houston nightspot is $2.13.

Kirk is one of 3.3 million workers who earn about that amount, which is also the federal minimum wage for tipped workers. Other workers in this category include hair salon employees, waiters, car wash workers, and wheelchair attendants at airports. These workers rely primarily on tips for their income.

Under labor law, employers have to make sure that workers earn at least $7.25 — the federal minimum wage for all workers. So, if workers don’t earn enough in tips, employers must make up the difference and pay what is known as a “tip credit.” While Kirk’s employer pays her the differential, many don’t.

And most efforts to raise the minimum wage have ignored tipped workers.

For example, Maryland’s governor on Monday signed a bill that will gradually raise the minimum wage to $10.10, but it exempted tipped restaurant workers from qualifying for the higher wage. Instead, the state froze their minimum wage at $3.63 an hour, a move supported by the restaurant industry.

The industry’s efforts aren’t new. Several big restaurant companies, including YUM! Brands, which owns Taco Bell, KFC and Pizza Hut; Darden Restaurants, which owns Olive Garden and Red Lobster; and Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, lobbied against last year’s effort in Congress to raise the federal minimum wage, according to Senate lobbying reports.

The restaurant industry similarly and successfully lobbied to freeze the minimum wage for tipped workers in 1996 and 2007 when Congress approved federal minimum wage increases. As a result, the federal tipped minimum wage has remained at $2.13 per hour since 1991.

Only a handful of states — Minnesota, Hawaii, Alaska, California, Montana, Nevada, Oregon and Washington — either already require or have enacted laws that will require employers to pay all workers at least the state’s minimum wage, whether they receive tips or not.

Kirk, who is raising a three-year-old daughter, finds it hard to make ends meet because her bartending tips fluctuate.

But her living costs remain about the same. She spends about $1,700 a month on her car payment, utilities, rent, food, and other necessities. In a good month, she might bring home $2,000, which means there’s little left over. She has no savings account.

“Being a waitress can be very demeaning, especially for a woman behind the bar,” Kirk said. “Customers can be rude to you and not even leave a tip. But you depend on the tips, so you grin and bear it.”

Just this past week, Kirk says a group of patrons ran up a $386 bar tab. They left just a $14 tip.

Still Kirk said she is fortunate that the owner of “Howl at the Moon” follows the law and pays her at least the Texas minimum wage of $7.25 if her tips don’t add up.

Many businesses don’t. From 2010-2012 the Labor Department’s Wage and Hour Division conducted nearly 9,000 investigations of restaurants. It found that nearly 84% had some sort of wage and hour violation — 1,170 of the violations pertained to the tip credit, resulting in $5.5 million in recovered back wages.

The White House said in a report that people in “predominantly tipped occupations are twice as likely as other workers to experience poverty, and servers are almost three times as likely to live in poverty.”

The National Restaurant Association doesn’t buy these arguments. “Tipped employees at restaurants are among the highest-paid employees in the establishment, regularly earning between $16 and $22 an hour,” the association said in a statement.

Kirk doesn’t earn nearly that much. Her pay ends up being just a little more than the median $8.94 an hour for wait staff across the United States.

Her choices are tough. “Last Christmas I couldn’t buy my daughter a toy. I know she doesn’t know, but it really hurts your pride,” she said.

5 comments

Brandi

I feel her pain, being a waitress in North Carolina is a JOKE! I’ve always said that someone needs to check in on the place I work because my tips and paycheck most defiantly dont add up to what I should be making and it is very hard to raise my kids on this and keep my household up. If anyone has any information they can give me on these laws for this state would be greatly appreciated. Thank you in advance.
Sincerely,
Underpaid & Upset!

makayla

makayla

Wu Wang Tang

Well you should obviously be receiving government assitance….many woman of a different race do the same thing and are able to collect alot in food stamps and housing assistance, so do the same thing! Dont be like them and just keep popping out kids though! You will qualify for college loans free and clear as well as a single parent living off minimum wage…..hate it for you honey, but you control you and your daughters future, not some article about you…go get an education and or training for a better future. Staying in the ‘tip’ job is not going to get you anywhere in life and your daughter will grow up with nothing and nobody wants that for you or your daughter. You control your future, so make it happen and go back to school or go to some trade school and learn a new trade that will pay you alot better and help you save for your kids future.

KBrown

Are they willing to not be tipped if they are bumped to the regular minimum wage? I’d actually like to see tipping be phased out completely. The IRS did a case study and estimates that 40% of tips given to employees goes unreported (ie tax evasion). So the Feds would be well served by doing away with a separate minimum wage for tipped employees and as a society we encourage employees to do their job well because they chose to work in a service industry and not because they are trying to get a “good tip.” Let’s have pride in our work.