16.19.3 Assigning Attribute Values to Insns

The value assigned to an attribute of an insn is primarily determined by
which pattern is matched by that insn (or which define_peephole
generated it). Every define_insn and define_peephole can
have an optional last argument to specify the values of attributes for
matching insns. The value of any attribute not specified in a particular
insn is set to the default value for that attribute, as specified in its
define_attr. Extensive use of default values for attributes
permits the specification of the values for only one or two attributes
in the definition of most insn patterns, as seen in the example in the
next section.

The optional last argument of define_insn and
define_peephole is a vector of expressions, each of which defines
the value for a single attribute. The most general way of assigning an
attribute's value is to use a set expression whose first operand is an
attr expression giving the name of the attribute being set. The
second operand of the set is an attribute expression
(see Expressions) giving the value of the attribute.

When the attribute value depends on the ‘alternative’ attribute
(i.e., which is the applicable alternative in the constraint of the
insn), the set_attr_alternative expression can be used. It
allows the specification of a vector of attribute expressions, one for
each alternative.

When the generality of arbitrary attribute expressions is not required,
the simpler set_attr expression can be used, which allows
specifying a string giving either a single attribute value or a list
of attribute values, one for each alternative.

The form of each of the above specifications is shown below. In each case,
name is a string specifying the attribute to be set.

(set_attr namevalue-string)

value-string is either a string giving the desired attribute value,
or a string containing a comma-separated list giving the values for
succeeding alternatives. The number of elements must match the number
of alternatives in the constraint of the insn pattern.

Note that it may be useful to specify ‘*’ for some alternative, in
which case the attribute will assume its default value for insns matching
that alternative.

(set_attr_alternative name [value1value2 ...])

Depending on the alternative of the insn, the value will be one of the
specified values. This is a shorthand for using a cond with
tests on the ‘alternative’ attribute.

(set (attr name) value)

The first operand of this set must be the special RTL expression
attr, whose sole operand is a string giving the name of the
attribute being set. value is the value of the attribute.

The following shows three different ways of representing the same
attribute value specification:

The define_asm_attributes expression provides a mechanism to
specify the attributes assigned to insns produced from an asm
statement. It has the form:

(define_asm_attributes [attr-sets])

where attr-sets is specified the same as for both the
define_insn and the define_peephole expressions.

These values will typically be the “worst case” attribute values. For
example, they might indicate that the condition code will be clobbered.

A specification for a length attribute is handled specially. The
way to compute the length of an asm insn is to multiply the
length specified in the expression define_asm_attributes by the
number of machine instructions specified in the asm statement,
determined by counting the number of semicolons and newlines in the
string. Therefore, the value of the length attribute specified
in a define_asm_attributes should be the maximum possible length
of a single machine instruction.