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Overview

With an ancient culture stretching back thousands of years and a landscape as varied as any in the world, China makes a tempting destination for the enterprising traveler. While the nation contains numerous natural and man-made wonders, its authoritarian government applies very strict rules regarding foreign travelers, and anyone who visits the country needs to be aware of them before arriving. The U.S. State Department has issued a number of guidelines to help visitors.

Documentation

The People's Republic of China requires a current passport and a visa issued from a Chinese Embassy or consulate before visitors may enter the country. Visas are not issued indiscriminately, and you may need to submit to an interview before obtaining one. You must also register with the local Chinese police within 24 hours of your arrival. Many hotels do this for no charge as a common courtesy, but you should double-check before completing your travel plans. The Chinese government does not normally allow people switch from one type of visa to another. If you're traveling with a tour group, make sure you understand exactly how the organizers intend to address proper documentation, and make your own plans if necessary. The State Department also strongly recommends checking in with the U.S. Embassy or local consulate as soon as possible after you arrive in China.

Health and Safety

China's crime rate is fairly low, but anti-Western sentiments can sometimes become inflamed by incidents or public events. The State Department advises caution when interacting with locals during such times. Some Chinese criminals may also engage in scams and confidence games targeting Western tourists. Pay for amenities with small bills and avoid flashing money or pricey items such as jewelry. In addition, China's medical care lags behind that of Western nations. Outside of the big cities (which have large hospitals and English-speaking doctors), local physicians may demand payment in cash before they treat a Westerner, and some may refuse to do so entirely. China also grapples with diseases such as H1N1 influenza and tuberculosis, and while specific situations may vary, the State Department recommends a full battery of vaccines before traveling to China.

Travel Limitations

China places strict restrictions on where tourists may travel. Visitors to Tibet need a permit from the Chinese government, and even then, such permits are good only in Lhasa City and Shan Nan. On a more general level, the State Department warns against traveling to any destination not defined by your visa; tourists who do may be subject to fines, incarceration or deportation. Finally, China shares a border with North Korea--a nation which the United States considers extremely dangerous and with which we have no diplomatic relations. Travelers should exercise extreme caution when traveling near the border; crossing it, even by mistake, can have disastrous consequences.