This study aims to address a double problem. On the one hand, it attempts to identify the place in Carl Schmitt’s writings that the issue of secularisation takes, as well as the way this concept can generate the scenario of a political theology. On the other hand, it aims to outline a reply to a more general question: in what way can modernity construe the relation between theology and politics so as to avoid the trap of the theocracy/laicism alternative. In other words, the scenario of the political theology ends up, in late modernity, being rewritten beyond the state-church dichotomy, …