The fifth edition of the Forum, on 31 May 2013. How can governments engage reforms in favour of higher productivity by more adequately addressing the needs of SMEs and by better including them in the production structure?

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This paper reviews road concession programmes in Chile, Colombia and Peru over the period 1993-2010 and analyses how their shortcomings have resulted in large extra fiscal costs. Weak State institutions, unclear legislation and deficient contract design have allowed for frequent and costly renegotiation of road concessions.

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This joint work by the OECD Development Centre and Fedesarrollo focuses on the policy making process of transport infrastructure in Colombia for the period 2002-10. It identifies the main bottlenecks to be improved in the implementation of public policies in the main phases of the transport infrastructure policy cycle, namely planning, budgeting, execution (i.e. new investment and maintenance), and monitoring and evaluation.

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Tax reforms must play a central role in a country’s medium- and long-term development strategy. The report analyses some of the possible tax reforms in the Dominican Republic within a regional and international context of good practices. The fiscal recommendations are made within the context of the institutional frameworks, with particular emphasis on matters of economic policy that should be considered in the reform process.

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The paper contributes to a better understanding of the determinants of tax morale in developing countries. The paper provides an overview of the literature and a summary of the empirical evidence of the socio-economic and institutional drivers of tax morale, based on perception surveys such as the World Values Survey, as well as regional surveys like Afrobarometer, Asiabarometer and Latinobarometro.

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The process of shifting wealth has altered the way we think about poverty reduction, social development and the measurement of progress. The decade of the 2000s was the first to witness unconditional convergence across countries in a generation as poor countries, led by China and India grew faster than the advanced economies of the OECD.