In 2000, 1 in every 35 people was an international migrant and half of these were women. The total numbers of people moving internally and the proportions of women among them are even higher. People's experiences of gender are central to the patterns, causes and impacts of migration. Gender roles, relations and inequalities affect who migrates, how, why, and where they end up. Migration can lead to a greater degree of economic and/or social autonomy for women, and the opportunity to challenge traditional or restrictive gender roles. Through migration, both men and women may develop skills or earn higher wages, some of which they can send back to their country of origin as remittances. However, migration can also entrench restrictive gender stereotypes of women's dependency and lack of decision-making power. Gender affects how people are able to contribute to and benefit from their destination community - and how, therefore, they are able to ultimately play a part in achieving basic goals of both social and economic development. The first part of this report looks at such gender and migration dynamics. The second section goes on to outline a gendered human rights approach which would build on the positive potential of migration and mitigate the risks. This report forms part of the Cutting Edge Pack on Gender and Migration.