Choosing the Right Nozzle for Your Machine

The orifice size of the nozzle determines the operating pressure of your machine. As a rule of thumb, the smaller the orifice, the greater the restriction of water flowing through the machine. This causes the pressure to increase.

Choosing a nozzle with too large of an orifice will reduce operating pressure.

Choosing a nozzle with too small of an orifice will limit water flow and possibly create an excessive load on the machine.

Use the table below to select the properly sized nozzle for your machine. Determine the nozzle size by matching the operating pressure (PSI) of your machine to the gallons per minute (GPM).

Nozzle Orifice Size

Hole Size

Pounds Per Square Inch = PSI Level of Your Machine

500 PSI

600 PSI

700 PSI

800 PSI

1000 PSI

1500 PSI

2000 PSI

2500 PSI

3000 PSI

3500 PSI

4000 PSI

4500 PSI

5000 PSI

5500 PSI

6000 PSI

6500 PSI

7000 PSI

7500 PSI

8000 PSI

2

.034"/
0.86mm

G
A
L
L
O
N
S

P
E
R

M
I
N
U
T
E

.71

.77

.84

.89

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.7

1.9

2.0

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.5

.042"/
1.07mm

.9

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.3

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.3

2.5

2.7

2.8

2.9

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.0

.043"/
1.09mm

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.8

2.1

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.5

3.7

3.8

4.0

4.1

4.2

3.5

.048"/
1.22mm

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.8

2.2

2.5

2.8

3.1

3.3

3.5

3.7

3.9

4.1

4.3

4.5

4.6

4.8

4.9

4.0

.052"/
1.32mm

1.4

1.6

1.7

1.8

2.0

2.5

2.8

3.2

3.5

3.7

4.0

4.2

4.5

4.7

4.9

5.1

5.3

5.5

5.7

4.5

.055"/
1.40mm

1.6

1.7

1.9

2.0

2.3

2.8

3.2

3.6

3.9

4.2

4.5

4.8

5.0

5.3

5.5

5.7

6.0

6.2

6.4

5.0

.057"/
1.45mm

1.8

1.9

2.1

2.2

2.5

3.1

3.5

4.0

4.3

4.7

5.0

5.3

5.6

5.9

6.1

6.4

6.6

6.8

7.1

5.5

.060"/
1.52mm

1.9

2.1

2.3

2.5

2.8

3.4

3.9

4.3

4.8

5.1

5.5

5.8

6.2

6.4

6.7

7.0

7.3

7.5

7.8

6.0

.062"/
1.57mm

2.1

2.3

2.5

2.7

3.0

3.7

4.2

4.7

5.2

5.6

6.0

6.4

6.7

7.0

7.3

7.6

7.9

8.2

8.5

6.5

.064"/
1.63mm

2.3

2.5

2.7

2.9

3.3

4.0

4.6

5.1

5.6

6.1

6.5

6.9

7.3

7.6

8.0

8.3

8.6

8.9

9.2

7.0

.067"/
1.70mm

2.5

2.7

2.9

3.1

3.5

4.3

4.9

5.5

6.1

6.5

7.0

7.4

7.8

8.2

8.6

8.9

9.3

9.6

9.9

7.5

.070"/
1.78mm

2.7

2.9

3.1

3.4

3.8

4.6

5.3

5.9

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

8.4

8.8

9.2

9.6

9.9

10.3

10.6

8.0

.072"/
1.83mm

2.8

3.1

3.4

3.6

4.0

4.9

5.7

6.3

6.9

7.5

8.0

8.5

8.9

9.4

9.8

10.2

10.6

11.0

11.3

8.5

.074"/
1.88mm

3.01

-

-

-

4.25

5.21

6.01

6.72

7.36

7.95

8.50

9.02

9.50

-

-

-

-

-

-

9.0

.076"/
1.93mm

3.2

3.5

3.8

4.0

4.5

5.5

6.4

7.1

7.8

8.4

9.0

9.6

10.1

10.6

11.0

11.5

11.9

12.3

12.7

9.5

.078"/
1.98mm

3.36

-

-

-

4.75

5.82

6.72

7.51

8.23

8.89

9.50

10.08

10.62

-

-

-

-

-

-

10

.080"/
2.03mm

3.5

3.9

4.2

4.5

5.0

6.1

7.1

7.9

8.7

9.4

10.0

10.6

11.2

11.7

12.2

12.7

13.2

13.7

14.1

11

.083"/
2.11mm

3.89

-

-

-

5.50

6.74

7.78

8.70

9.53

10.29

11.00

11.67

12.30

-

-

-

-

-

-

12

.087"/
2.21mm

4.2

4.6

5.0

5.4

6.0

7.3

8.5

9.5

10.4

11.2

12.0

12.7

13.4

14.1

14.7

15.3

15.9

16.4

17.0

12.5

.089"/
2.26mm

4.42

-

-

-

6.25

7.65

8.84

9.88

10.83

11.69

12.50

13.26

13.98

-

-

-

-

-

-

13

.091"/
2.31mm

4.60

-

-

-

6.50

7.96

9.19

10.28

11.26

12.16

13.00

13.79

14.53

-

-

-

-

-

-

15

.096"/
2.44mm

5.3

5.8

6.3

6.7

7.5

9.2

10.6

11.9

13.0

14.1

15.0

15.9

16.8

17.6

18.4

19.1

19.8

20.5

21.2

Theoretical Spray Coverage (inches)

Spray
Angle °

Distance from the nozzle orifice

Spray
Pattern

Spray
Angle

% Impact/Sq.In. of Theoretical Impact*

2"

4"

6"

8"

10"

12"

15"

18"

24"

30"

36"

FAN

15

30%

15

0.5"

1.1"

1.6"

2.1"

2.6"

3.2"

3.9"

4.7"

6.3"

7.9"

9.5"

FAN

25

18%

25

0.9"

1.8"

2.7"

3.5"

4.4"

5.3"

6.6"

8"

10.6"

13.3"

15.9"

FAN

40

12%

40

1.5"

2.9"

4.4"

5.8"

7.3"

8.7"

10.9"

13.1"

17.5"

21.8"

26.2"

FAN

50

10%

50

1.9"

3.7"

5.6"

7.5"

9.3"

11.2"

14"

16.8"

22.4"

28"

33.6"

FAN

65

7%

65

2.5"

5.1"

7.6"

10.2"

12.7"

15.3"

19.2"

22.9"

30.5"

38.2"

45.8"

Nozzle Recommendation (1 nozzle)

Size

Flow rate in GPM at:

Orifice

40

100

250

500

600

700

800

1000

1200

1500

2000

2500

3000

psi

psi

psi

psi

psi

psi

psi

psi

psi

psi

psi

psi

psi

2

0.034

0.20

0.32

0.50

0.71

0.77

0.84

0.89

1.00

1.10

1.22

1.41

1.58

1.73

2.5

0.039

0.25

0.40

0.63

0.88

0.97

1.05

1.12

1.25

1.37

1.53

1.77

1.98

2.17

3

0.043

0.30

0.47

0.75

1.06

1.16

1.25

1.34

1.50

1.64

1.84

2.12

2.37

2.60

3.5

0.048

0.35

0.55

0.88

1.24

1.36

1.46

1.57

1.75

1.92

2.14

2.47

2.77

3.03

4

0.052

0.40

0.63

1.00

1.41

1.55

1.67

1.79

2.00

2.19

2.45

2.83

3.16

3.46

4.5

0.055

0.45

0.71

1.13

1.59

1.74

1.88

2.01

2.25

2.46

2.76

3.18

3.56

3.90

5

0.057

0.50

0.79

1.25

1.77

1.94

2.09

2.24

2.50

2.74

3.06

3.54

3.95

4.33

5.5

0.060

0.55

0.87

1.38

1.94

2.13

2.30

2.46

2.75

3.01

3.37

3.89

4.35

4.76

6

0.062

0.60

0.95

1.50

2.12

2.32

2.51

2.68

3.00

3.29

3.67

4.24

4.74

5.20

6.5

0.064

0.65

1.03

1.63

2.30

2.52

2.72

2.91

3.25

3.56

3.98

4.60

5.14

5.63

7

0.067

0.70

1.11

1.75

2.47

2.71

2.93

3.13

3.50

3.83

4.29

4.95

5.53

6.06

7.5

0.070

0.75

1.19

1.88

2.65

2.90

3.14

3.35

3.75

4.11

4.59

5.30

5.93

6.50

8

0.072

0.80

1.26

22.00

2.83

3.10

3.35

3.58

4.00

4.38

4.90

5.66

6.32

6.93

8.5

0.074

0.85

1.34

2.13

3.01

3.29

3.56

3.80

4.25

4.66

5.21

6.01

6.72

7.36

9

0.076

0.90

1.42

2.25

3.18

3.49

3.76

4.02

4.50

4.93

5.51

6.36

7.12

7.79

9.5

0.078

0.95

1.50

2.38

3.36

3.68

3.97

4.25

4.75

5.20

5.82

6.72

7.51

8.23

10

0.080

1.00

1.58

2.50

3.54

3.87

4.18

4.47

5.00

5.48

6.12

7.07

7.91

8.66

11

0.083

1.10

17.74

2.75

3.89

4.26

4.60

4.92

5.50

6.02

6.74

7.78

8.70

9.53

12

0.087

1.20

1.90

3.00

4.24

4.65

5.02

5.37

6.00

6.57

7.35

8.49

9.49

10.39

12.5

0.089

1.25

1.98

3.13

4.42

4.84

5.23

5.59

6.25

6.85

7.65

8.84

9.88

10.83

13

0.091

1.30

1.06

3.25

4.60

5.03

5.41

5.81

6.50

7.12

7.96

9.19

10.28

11.26

14

0.093

1.40

2.21

3.50

4.95

5.42

5.86

6.26

7.00

7.67

8.57

9.90

11.07

12.12

15

0.096

1.50

2.37

3.75

5.30

5.81

6.27

6.71

7.50

8.22

9.19

10.61

11.86

12.99

20

0.109

2.00

3.16

5.00

7.07

7.75

8.37

8.94

10.00

10.95

12.25

14.14

15.81

17.32

Surface Cleaner Nozzle Recommendation (2 to 5 nozzles)

Pump
Capacity

Quantity of Nozzles / Pressure in psi:

Size

2

3

4

5

Nozzles

Nozzles

Nozzles

Nozzles

4 GPM

2

4000

1800

1000

700

2.5

2200

1000

600

-

3

1900

750

-

-

4

1000

-

-

-

5 GPM

2

-

2800

1600

1000

2.5

4000

1600

900

600

3

2700

1300

600

-

4

1500

650

-

-

5

1000

-

-

-

6 GPM

2

-

4400

2250

1600

2.5

-

2200

1300

900

3

4000

1900

1000

650

4

2400

1000

550

-

5

1400

650

-

-

6

1000

450

-

-

8 GPM

2

-

-

4000

2500

2.5

-

-

2200

1500

3

-

3200

1900

1100

4

4000

1800

1000

600

5

2500

1100

650

-

6

1800

800

-

-

7

1300

-

-

-

10 GPM

2

-

-

-

4000

2.5

-

-

4000

2200

3

-

-

2750

1800

4

-

2800

1500

1000

5

4000

1700

1000

650

6

2700

1300

700

-

7

2000

900

500

-

8

1500

650

-

-

9

1200

-

-

-

15 GPM

3

-

-

-

4000

4

-

-

3750

2200

5

-

4000

2200

1400

6

-

2750

1500

1000

7

-

2000

1150

750

8

3500

1500

850

550

9

2800

1200

700

-

10

2250

1000

550

-

20 GPM

4

-

-

-

4000

5

-

-

4000

2500

6

-

-

2750

1700

7

-

3600

2000

1300

8

-

2800

1500

1000

9

-

2200

1200

800

10

4000

1850

1000

640

L/MIN - Holes

Holes Diameter Calculation:

PRESSURE > L/MIN > HOLES ∅

Calculation example: having a pump of 200 l/min at 1540 bar, a 6 rear jets nozzle and a 10% pressure loss, it is possible to calculate holes diameter as follows:

P = 150 bar - 10% (pressure loss) = 135 bar

200 l/min ÷ 6 holes = 33,3 l/min for each hole

See below schedule: 135 bar column corresponds to a value of 34,2 l/min (the nearest to 33,3 l/min), value refers to hole diameter, in this case the diameter of each hole is 2,20mm.