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Balgarnie's Salt

SIR TITUS SALT,BARONET:

HIS LIFE AND ITS LESSONS.

BY

REV. R. BALGARNIE,

Minister of the South Cliff Church, Scarborough.

With Portrait and Photographic Illustrations.

LONDON:

HODDER AND STOUGHTON,
PATERNOSTER ROW.

MDCCCLXXVII.

S. W. THEAKSTON & CO., PRINTERS, SCARBOROUGH.

TO

DOWAGER LADY SALT,

Of Crow Nest,

THIS MEMOIR OF HIM WITH WHOM HER OWN

LIFE WAS UNITED FORTY-SEVEN YEARS,

IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED,

AS A HUMBLE OFFERING OF AFFECTION,

BOTH TO THE LIVING AND THE DEAD,

BY

THE AUTHOR.

PREFACE

THIS work has been written during the summer season, and amid the pressing duties that a large sea-side congregation entails. We are fully aware of its many imperfections; but, such as it is, we send it forth. It has been, throughout, a labour of love, which we have gladly performed, in memory of one whose long friendship has been to us, both an honour and a privilege. Though the lack of material, especially in connection with his earlier years, has rendered our task more difficult than we anticipated, yet we have done our best. If the record of such a life shall furnish the reader with an example worthy of imitation, — if it shall stimulate him to lofty purpose, — above all, if it shall induce him to regulate his course by Christian principles, and “to seek those things which are above,” — the highest desires of the writer will be attained.

Scarborough, November, 1877.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER I.

Introductory

CHAPTER II.

Titus Salt’s Ancestry — His Grandparents’ Connection with Sheffield — Removal to Leeds — His Father and Mother — Birthplace at Manor House, Morley — Historical Reminiscences of Morley and its People — Description of Manor House — Titus Salt twice Baptised — Childhood — Goes to a Dame School — Incidents of Schoolboy Life — Home Education — Titus Salt’s Bible

CHAPTER III.

Removal from Morley — Crofton Farm — Historical Associations — Farmhouse Licensed for Preaching — Titus Salt’s School Life at Wakefield — Testimony of Companions — His Schoolmaster — Titus Salt’s Personal Appearance — Home Life at Crofton — His Father’s Difficulties in Farming — What Titus is to be? Not a Doctor — The Accident that decided his Future — The Hand of God recognised — Goes into a Woolstapler’s Warehouse at Wakefield — Leaves Wakefield for Bradford — “ Stock-in-Trade” to Begin Life with

CHAPTER IV.

Titus Salt enters Bradford — Probable Origin of the word “Bradford “— Its Early History and Trade — Titus goes to Messrs. Rouse’s — Learns Woolstapling under John Hammond — Characteristics of the Firm — Titus at his Work — Thorough Knowledge of Business — Joins his Father in Woolstapling — Connects Himself with Horton Lane Sunday School — Rev. T. Taylor — Titus Salt as Librarian, Teacher, and Superintendent — Civil Outbreak in Bradford — Titus Salt’s Courage — Military Called Out — His Influence with the Working Classes Exemplified

CHAPTER V.

The Firm of “Daniel Salt and Son” — The Junior Partner— His Business Habits — Transaction at Dewsbury — Increase of Trade — Deference to his Father — Frugal Habits — Buys a Gold Watch with his First Earnings — His Friend, Mr. Henry Forbes — Resolves to give part of his Income to God — A Blessing upon it — End of the Bishop Blaize Festival — Mechanics’ Institute takes its Place — Bradford becomes the Metropolis of the Worsted Trade-Distinction between Worsted and Woollen Yarns — Mr. Titus Salt Falls in Love — Works Hard and Waits — Enterprise in Utillsing Donskoi Wool — Spins for Himself — Marriage —“ Our Titus.”

CHAPTER VI.

Mr. Titus Salt’s Personal Appearance — Utilising of Alpaca, not an Accident — Cotton Famine - Inspection of Sea-Weed — Alpacas at Crow Nest — Form and Habits of the Animals — Discovery of a New Staple — Mr. Salt Visits Liverpool and sees a Nondescript Wool — Examination and Experiments— Buys the whole Cargo — Adaptation of Machinery for Spinning it — Difficulties Overcome — Overtures to John Hammond — “A Man or a Mouse” — Material in Use before — Increase of Alpaca Trade — Introduction of Cotton Warps — Erection of Salem Chapel — Mr. and Mrs. D. Salt’s Connection with it — Their Death — Mr. Titus Salt at Business — Children Born at Bradford

CHAPTER VII.

Mr. Salt’s Busy Life—Habit of Early Rising — Example to Young Men — Attachment of his Workpeople — Anecdote­Instances of Punctuality — Methodical Exactness — Have you done, Sir? — Whole-heartedness Necessary to Success — Works out his Life’s Plan — Turns his Attention to Politics — Suppers in Warehouse — Bradford Enfranchised — His Political Views — First Parliamentary Election — Elected Chief Constable — Bradford Incorporated — Made Alderman — Appointed Magistrate and Deputy Lieutenant

Hospitalities at Crow Nest — Acts of Kindness — Death of Two Children — £1,000 given towards Peel Park — Election of Mr. R. Mllligan as M.P. — Mr. Salt’s Purpose to Retire from Business — Reconsiders his Purpose — Resolves to Remove his “Works” from Bradford — Selection of a Site near Shipley — Mr. W. Fairbairn’s — Opinion of it — First Interview with Architects — Conversation about Plans and Cost — Selection of Engineer — Inquiries about the Exhibition Building in Hyde Park — Origin of Name “Saltaire” — Preparations for Opening — Conversation with Lord Harewood

CHAPTER X.

Opening of Saltaire-Great Banquet — Bill of Fare — Speeches on the Occasion — The Peerage of Industry — Concert in St. George’s Hall — Description of “The Works”— Machinery — Erection of Town — Interior of Dwellings — Day Schools

CHAPTER XI.

Erection of Saltaire Church—Description of it — Mr. Salt a Congregationalist — Charity towards other Communions — Erection of Baths and Wash.Houses — Erection of Alms­houses — The Mills in full Operation — A. Workman at Fault — Visitors to Saltaire — Fairbairn and Dargan — Heil­mann’s Combing Machine — Utilising of Mohair — The Angora Goat — Visit to Constantinople of his Son — The fame of “Salt” Potent in the East

CHAPTER XII

The Workpeople at Crow Nest — The Feast in the Grounds — Bill of Fare — Presentation of his Bust — Address on the Occasion — Mr. Salt’s Reply — A Soirée Musicale — Spare Time Devoted to the Public Good — Welcome to John Bright — Mr Salt as Chairman of Reform Conference — Candidate for Parliamentary Honours — His Speeches on the Occasion — Letter to EIectors — Elected as M. P. — Social Science Meetings at Bradford — Lord Brougham at Saltaire — Congregational Union Meetings

CHAPTER XIII.

Removal to Methley Park — Description of Mansion and Estate — Farewell Address on leaving Crow Nest — “A Carriage or a Castle” — He Resigns as Member for Bradford — Parliamentary Life — Failing Health — Visits Scarborough — “A Weary Man” — “A Word to the Weary” — Extract of a Sermon — Letter to Author — Death of Second Daughter — First Communion — Service in the Hall at Methley

CHAPTER XIV.

Resigns his Seat in Parliament — Life at Methley — Erection of a New Church at Castleford — Attends Methley Parish Church — A Nonconformist, not a Sectarian — Gift of £5,000 to the Sailors’ Orphanage — £5,000 to the Bi. centenary Memorial — £2,500 to a New Church at Scarborough — Home Engagements — A Dinner Party — Gives up Smoking — ” Random Tricks” in Advanced Years

CHAPTER XV.

His Partners in Business — His Resolution Changed — Paris Exhibition of 1867 — Correspondence about Saltaire — Receives the Legion of Honour — No Public House in Saltaire — Erection of the Club and Institute-Description of it — Address at the Opening — Changed into a High School — Other Institutions at Saltaire

CHAPTER XVI.

Crow Nest Bought — Returns "Home" — Description of House and Grounds — Mr. Salt’s Daily Duties — Some of his Charities — His Gifts Conditioned — £10,000 to Lancaster Asylum and Bradford Infirmary — Livingstone and Moffat at Crow Nest — Baronetcy Conferred — Congratulations — Retrospect of Career — Opening of Church at Lightcliffe — Guthrie and Binney as Guests — Service for Children

CHAPTER XVII.

“I’ve Finished Now” — Gift of a Park to Saltaire — Descrip.of Same — Presentation of his Portrait — Sir Titus’s Acknowledgment — The Children’s Gift — Illustrious Visitors to Saltaire — The Royal Albert Hall — Visits London and Scarborough — Sir Titus and the Fishwoman — Marriage of his Eldest Daughter — Gift to London City Mission — Hawke’s Bible Stand — His Interest in Bible Women — Pastors’ Retiring Fund — £11,000 to Bradford Grammar School — Views on Church and State — Local Politics — Sundry Charities

Decline of Health — Personal Appearance Now — ” The Father of the Community “ — His Increasing Generosity — Cheering Letters — Last Visit to London — Increasing Weakness — Conversation with the Writer — Rowland Hill’s Soliloquy — As “A Weaned Child “ — Last Visit to Scar­borough — Returns Home to Die — His State of Mind in View of Death — He Passes Away — Notes of the End

CHAPTER XX.

Proposal of a Public Funeral — Cortege leaving Crow Nest — Its Progress through Bradford — Public Bodies Represented Approaching Saltaire — Arrival at the Church Gates — Burial Service — Extract from Dr. Campbell’s Address — Funeral Service at Lightcliffe and Saltaire — “Out!”

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