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Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Civil War. Volume 3.

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red for whatever the movement might develop, the entire Army in front of Petersburg received marching orders;
Jan. 31, 1865. and on Sunday morning,
February 5. four days afterward, the flanking movement began.
It was led by Warren, who marched with his own Corps, the Second, under General Humphreys, and Gregg's cavalry, from the left of the line.
The cavalry moved down the Jerusalem plank road at an Early hour, and reached Reams's Station before sunrise.
The Fifth Corps moved along the Halifax road at a little later hour, with Ayres's division in the advance, Griffin's following, and Crawford's in the rear.
The Second and Third divisions of the Second Corps (Mott's and Smyth's) were on the Vaughan road, with instructions to fall upon the right of the Confederate works on Hatcher's Run, while the Fifth should move around the flank and strike the rear of the enemy.
The cavalry, meanwhile, had pushed on from Reams's Station toward Dinwiddie Court-House, and on Rowanty Creek encoun

inded the General of his promise.
Go to my tent, he said, and get the flag, and carry it on your saddle; I will send you to raise it, if we get in.
In this way young De Peyster won the distinguished honor of raising the first flag over the ruins of the fallen Confederacy.
For this act, and his usual good conduct, the Governor of his native State of New York (Fenton) gave him the commission of lieutenant-colonel, by brevet.
He was the son of Major-General J. Watts De Peyster, of Dutchess County, New York.
He was only sixteen years of age, when, in 1862, he was active in raising a company for service in the One Hundred and Twenty-eighth Regiment New York Volunteers, and at the date of the raising of the flag over the Virginia Capitol, he was between nineteen and twenty years of age. In the senate chamber of that building, the office of Headquarters was established; and General Weitzel made the late and sumptuously-furnished residence of Jefferson Davis
See page 549, volume I. hi

h, 1865. marched down the Jerusalem plank road,
see map on page 354. and turning westward, pushed on by way of Reams's Station, to Dinwiddie Court-House, where, at five o'clock in the afternoon, he halted for the night.
meanwhile, the Corps of Warren and Humphreys (Fifth and Second) had moved at a very Early hour.
The former started at three o'clock in the morning,
March 29. and marching well to the left, crossed Rowanty Creek (which is formed by the junction of Hatcher's Run and Gravelly Creek), and soon turning to the right, marched northward along the Quaker road.
Humphreys passed Hatcher's Run by the Vaughan road, four miles above Warren's crossing-place, and also turning northward, followed the line of that stream.
On nearly parallel roads the two Corps moved against the flank of the Confederate intrenchments, over a very tedious way, with great toil, in consequence of heavy rain.
Very little opposition was experienced until Warren, when within two miles of the Confeder

losses in the space of a few days, to about thirty-five thousand men, and he resolved to maintain his position, if possible, until night, and then retreat with the hope of making his way to Johnston by the Danville railroad.
Immediately after the repulse of Heth, or at half-past 10 o'clock in the morning, he telegraphed to Davis, at Richmond, saying, in substance, My lines are broken in three places; Richmond must be evacuated this evening.
it was the Sabbath.
The Arch-Conspirator was in St. Paul's (Episcopal) church, when the message reached him by the hand of Colonel Taylorwood.
With evidences in his face of a crushing weight upon his feelings, he immediately but quietly left the church, when, for a moment, the deepest and most painful silence prevailed.
a Confederate staff officer, who accompanied the Government in its flight that night, says that, at that time, Benjamin, Secretary of State, being a Jew, was not at church, but was enjoying his pipe and solitude.
Mallory, Sec

er hour, with Ayres's division in the advance, Griffin's following, and Crawford's in the rear.
The Second and Third divisions of the Second Corps (Mott's and Smyth's) were on the Vaughan road, with instructions to fall upon the right of the Confederate works on Hatcher's Run, while the Fifth should move around the flank and strike the rear of the enemy.
The cavalry, meanwhile, had pushed on from Reams's Station toward Dinwiddie Court-House, and on Rowanty Creek encountered a portion of Wade Hampton's cavalry, dismounted and intrenched.
After a spirited skirmish, the bridge over the Creek, and the works, were carried, and twenty-two of the garrison were made prisoners.
Some of the cavalry pressed on to the Court-House and scouted in various directions; and that night the whole cavalry force bivouacked on Rowanty Creek.
while Gregg was making these movements, the Second and Fifth Corps were executing their part of the plan.
The Confederates were not in very heavy force, and the

e front of the Union cavalry, and felt quite at ease.
The feeling at Headquarters was quite otherwise.
It was an anxious night there.
Only the fact, that the cavalry had been driven back from the five Forks, and had been attacked at Dinwiddie in force, was known.
It was supposed that Sheridan could not maintain his position, and Warren was directed to hasten to his relief, with the Fifth Corps.
Ayres's division was First started, but in consequence of the destruction of a bridge over Gravelly Run, it did not reach Dinwiddie Court-House until dawn,
April 1, 1865. just as the rear guard of the retreating Confederates was leaving.
on the arrival of Ayres, Sheridan started in pursuit, directing the former to follow in support.
At seven o'clock he was joined by Warren, with the other two divisions of the Fifth Corps.
Ranking Warren, Sheridan became commander of the whole.
Leaving the Fifth Corps at the Point where he had joined the cavalry, about half way between Dinwiddie Court

One, under General W. Merritt, started from Winchester on the 28th of November, 1864, passed through Ashby's Gap, by Middleburg, to Fairfax Court-House, Centreville, and other points in Loudon Valley, and returned on the 3d of December by way of Grove Creek, Snicker's Gap, and Berryville.
Another left Winchester under General A. T. A. Torbert, on the 19th of December, 1864, and went by way of Stony Point to front Royal, and through Chester Gap, by Sperryville and Madison Court-House, to Gordonsville, which they reached on the 23d.
Thence, on their return, they went by Culpeper Court-House, to Warrenton.
There the column divided, a part going by Salem, and the other by White Plains and Middleburg, to Paris, and thence to Winchester, where they arrived on the 28th.
Sheridan left Winchester on the 27th of February, on a damp and cheer-less morning, with about ten thousand men, composed of the First cavalry division, under General W. Merritt, and the Third cavalry division, under G

were closed, and all business, among those who were in sympathy with the Government, was suspended.
The loyal people of Washington City gathered in a great throng and called upon Mr. Seward, the Secretary of State, for a speech.
He addressed them, saying: I am now about writing my foreign dispatches.
What shall I tell the Emperor of China?
I shall thank him, in your name, for never having permitted a piratical flag to enter the harbors of the empire.
What shall I say to the Sultan of Turkey?
I shall thank him for always having surrendered rebel insurgents who have taken refuge in his kingdom.
What shall I say to the Emperor of the French?
I shall say to him that he can go to Richmond tomorrow and get his tobacco, so long held under blockade there, provided the rebels have not used it up. To Lord John Russell I will say that British merchants will find the cotton exported from our ports, under treaty with the United States, cheaper than cotton obtained by running the blockade

k we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting Peace among ourselves and with all nations.
on entering upon his second term, Mr. Lincoln retained the members of his cabinet then in office.
There had been some changes.
For the public good he had requested Montgomery Blair to resign the offiee of post-master-general.
He did so, and William Dennison, of Ohio, was put in his place.
On the death of chief-justice Taney, a few months before, he had appointed Salmon P. Chase, the Secretary of the Treasury, to that exalted station, and Hugh McCulloch was placed at the head of the Treasury Department.
let us now return to a consideration of the operations of the armies of Grant and Lee, on the borders of the James and Appomattox rivers.
We have seen nearly all of the other armies of the Conspirators discomfited, and these, with those of Sherman an

urned upon redoubts near, known as batteries nine, ten, and eleven, and the connecting line of entrenchments, compelling their instant evacuation.
That was the moment when Lee's Army might have passed through and crowned the Hill in the rear with their guns and men. It did not, and the golden moment was lost forever.
The troops were not ordered forward, or failed to promptly respond.
the victors attempted to extend their conquest.
On the left of Fort Steadman was a large work called Fort Haskell, commanded by Major Woermer.
This they assailed, but were repulsed, when the guns of Fort Steadman poured a rapid storm of shot and shell upon it. Woermer responded in kind, and the assailants were held at bay. Other Confederate columns, pressing through the gap at Fort Steadman, were subjected to a murderous fire of artillery; and to this was soon added the presence of General Hartranft's division of the Ninth Corps, which came upon them in a counter assault.
The Confederates were too