what is important about the Great Rift Valley (contains and what is happening)

it has many lakes and it is shifting east Africa away from the rest of Africa

what are the volcanic mountains

Mt. Kenya and Mt. Kilimanjaro

what is important about Mt. Kilimanjaro and Mt. Kenya

they are not active volcanoes

What is important about Lake Victoria

It is the largest lake in Africa; source of the Nile River (supplies water for the Nile River)

What is important about Lake Malawi (Lake Nyasa)

It contains rare fish that cannot be found anywhere else in the world

What is important about Lake Tanganyika? How long?

It is the longest lake in the world; about 420 miles

What is important about the Nile River? How long is it?

It is the longest river in the world; about 4000 miles long

What is important about the Congo River

It is apart of a huge basin in Central Africa

What is important about the Niger River

It is the most important river in Western Africa

What is important about the Zambezi River

Source of Victoria Falls

What is important about the natural resources

What did European powers do with th natural resources

They came to develop them and then exported them to Europe

What are natural resources found here

Oil, coffee, cocoa, gold, salt, lumber

Where is oil most likely found

Northern Africa and Nigeria

What is important about coffee

It is one of the most profitable resources Africa produces 20% of the worlds coffee

What important resource does Côte d'Ivoire

Cocoa

What does majority of Africans do to make a living? %?

Agriculture; 66%

What are two important resources that hold the key to future development

Waterfalls and sunlight

Where does the majority of Africa lie

In the tropics (tropics of Cancer and Capicorn)

What is the number 1 factor that affects climate? Number 2?

LatitudeElevation

What are the 4 types of climate in Africa

DesertTropical wetTropical wet and dryMediterranean

where are you most likely to find a desert

northern and southern Africa

what are the deserts like in Africa

extreem temperatures(130 degrees in the day and 50 degrees at night)

what is tropical wet like

aroudn 80 degrees daily

hot and wet all year

near the equator

what is a canopy

tops of all the trees in the rainforest; most animals live there

describe tropical wet and dry

hot all year

hot and wet or hot and dry are the main seasons

what are the types of landforms that have tropical wet and dry

grasslands, which are used for grazing

where is the mediterranean climates found

northern and southern coasts

who was the Nubia

one of the earliest civilaztions(one of the oldest); they influenced Egyptian culture; "Black Pharaohs"

where were the Nubia located? around what time?

Egypt and Sudan along the Nile River; 5000 BC

what are "Black Pharaohs"

series of Nubian kings who ruled Egypt

who were the Bantu

they were a group that 1/3 of Africans can trace their hertiage back to

where were the Bantu located

Cameroon

About how many ethnic groups are in the Bantu tribe

300-600 ethnic groups

What are the names of the Bantu's kingdom

Kongo and Zimbabwe

What is important about Akstum? Where located?

Trading empireEthiopia

What is important about Ghana, Mali, and Songhai

They traded gold and salt

Important city between Ghana, Mali, and Songhai

Timbuktu

Ghana, Mali, Songhai were located?

West africa

How many countries were invited to participate in the Berlin Conference? Who was excluded?

14 European countriesAfrican leaders

When did slave trade start (not date)

When African rulers sold slaves to other rulers/ Arabs

Who was the 1st country to get involved in Africa? Year(s)?

Portugal;1400s

What increased in 1600-1800s

Slave trade increased dramatically

About how many slave were traded? What fraction died on the Middle Passage?

10-15 million traded1/3 died

What was the Berlin Conference intended to do?

Make sure there was no conflict between European countries when dividing africa

What were the rules for dividing land?

They could claim land as long as they let other countries know and prove that they could rule the country

What was the significance about the dividing the land in Africa?

It seperated ethnic groups that liked each other and put groups together that hated each other or couldn't get along

Why was there a "Scramble for Africa"

Europeans wanted the raw materials and market for their goods

Why were the Africans defeated with the Scramble for Africa (what happened with groups)?

Europeans had guns and better technology; Africans fought on another instead of unifying to fight against the Europeans

Which two countries remained independent throughout the Scramble for Africa

Liberia and Ethiopia

What were/are the results of the Scramble for Africa(4)(how left, built and unused, 2 conflicts)?

Many countries were left underdeveloped; infrastructure was built to take out resources and Africans didn't have enough money to use them or didn't know how to work them; conflicts over resources, boundaries, and between ethnic groups