Shri Dattathreya Ramachandra Kaprekar was born on January
17, 1905 in Dahanu which is near Mumbai, India. Recreational math became his
hobby as a child he enjoyed spending time solving math puzzles and problems. In
1946 he discovered Kaprekar's Constant which was named after him. The Constant
is 6174. Here's how it works:
1. You can take any four-digit number and rearrange the
digits in decreasing order. All digits MUST be different. We'll use 4521 - let's
order the digits from high to low which gives us 5421.

2. Now take the number and order the digits from lot to
high and subtract from the number your ordered from high to low. (Repeat the
process until you come to the Constant of 6174)

Original number: 4521
5421-1245 = 4176
7641-1467 = 6174
After going through the process twice, we reach 6174.
Try another 4 digit number:
9472
9742-2479 = 7263
7632-2367 = 5265
6552-2556 = 3996
9963-3699 = 6264
6642-2466 = 4176
7641-1467 = 6174
What happens when you keep repeating the process?
What did you notice when you end up getting 2 digits that
are the same through the process?
Can you find a number that requires the greatest amount of
subtractions?
What happens if you try this on a 3-digit number?