Phillip Vallentine Tobias

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Phillip Vallentine Tobias, South African paleoanthropologist (born Oct. 14, 1925, Durban, Natal, S.Af.—died June 7, 2012, Johannesburg, S.Af.), was renowned for his work with fossil skull reconstructions of primitive members of genus Homo, his description and naming of H. habilis (“handy man”) with British paleoanthropologist Louis Leakey, and his brain-size calculations of H. habilis and its subsequent comparison with other hominins. He was also known for his efforts to fight apartheid in South Africa. Tobias began his lifelong infatuation with paleontology at age 19 under the tutelage of Raymond Dart, the Australian-born paleontologist who discovered the Taung child, which later was identified as Australopithecus africanus. Tobias was educated at the University of the Witwatersrand, from which he received bachelor’s degrees in histology (1946), physiology (1947), and medicine (1950), as well as doctorates in medicine (1953) and paleontology (1967). He remained on the faculty there throughout his 50-year career, rising to professor and head of the department of anatomy and biology (1959–90). In 1956 Tobias founded the Institute for the Study of Man in Africa to study human evolution. Tobias was also known for his part in exposing the Piltdown Man hoax, his collaborations with Louis and Mary Leakey on “Dear Boy” (Olduvai Hominid 5 [OH5]) and other projects, and his excavation of the “Little Foot” specimen in the Sterkfontein caves during the 1960s. Tobias taught more than 10,000 students throughout his career, including American-born South African paleontologist Lee Berger, the principal investigator of the team that discovered A. sediba.