Chemical Formula Formater is a WordPress plugin that automatically formats chemical formulae. Ok, not really formulae, but it alters the chemical notation of elements. What it really does is adding <sub> tags to any numbers between 0 and 99 following chemical elements.

Introduction

The aim of this investigation is to determine the specific heat capacity of H2O (water). This is accomplished by measuring to which temperature a certain amount of energy takes the water. The independent variable of this experiment is the amount of current put into the water. The dependent variable is the waters temperature over time. The controlled variables are the initial temperature of the water and the amount of water.

Materials and Methods

The following materials were used:

scale

calorimeter

stirrer

thermometer

stopwatch

power supply

multimeter

385 g H2O

The calorimeter was filled with 385 g of water, after which a measured current was applied to it the water. The temperature of the water was measured in increments of one minute, while the water was stirred with the stirrer.

The experiment was conducted only once, and thus the independent variable was not varied.

Results

Table 1: Measured current

Voltage (V)

15.81 V

Current (I)

3 A

Power (P)

47.43 W

P (the power) was derived with the following formula:

P = V * I

Table 2: Temperature over time

Time [m]

Temperature [C] +/- 1

0

16

1

16

2

18

3

21

4

22

5

25

6

27

7

28

8

30

9

31

10

33

11

35

12

36

13

38

14

40

15

41

16

43

17

44

18

46

19

48

20

49

21

51

22

52

Since an accurate stopwatch was used, the error margin in the time-column is negligible. The thermometer used was difficult to measure with because of unclear display, which approximates to an error margin of 1 degree Celsius. There is a clear, linear trend visible in the data.

The specific heat capacity (c) was calculated using the following formula:

C = Q / (m*dT)

Where m is the mass of the water and dT is the change in temperature. Q is the heat added, which equals P times the time passed. Since the trend in the data is regular and lacks anomalous results, the total data can be used for this calculation. The calorimeters effect was neglected.

Conclusion

According to this experiment, the specific heat capacity of liquid water at 16 degrees Celsius is 4969 J(kgK)^-1. Comparing our result with literature values, Giancolis Physics (fifth edition) states that this value is 4186 J(kgK)^-1. Since our result was larger than Giancolis, we must have disregarded another loss of heat. This is because we assumed that the water absorbs all heat, which is not the case. Some heat is lost to the surroundings, e.g. the calorimeter and the air above it.

Note, also, that the current varied slightly during the investigation. It started as 3 A, but when the experiment had been completed, it had risen by approximately 0.1 A. From this, we can draw the conclusion that the resistance of water decreases by a small amount when it is heated between 16 and 52 degrees Celsius.

Evaluation

The method used is flawed on several points. The main weakness, though, is the fact that energy is lost to the environment. The calorimeter was a polystyrene cylinder with a mass of approximately 0.2 +/- 0.1 kg. Polystyrene has a specific heat capacity of 1.3 times 10^3 J(kgK)^-1 according to Wikipedia. The c*m factor of the formula for heat added (derived from the formula for specific heat capacity) is then for polystyrene 1.3 times 10^3 times 0.2 = 260 JK^-1, while the respective factor for water is 4.969 times 10^3 times 0.350 = 1739 JK^-1. Thus, the polystyrene calorimeter stands for a significant part of the heat lost. Heat was also lost to the heating apparatus as well as to the stirring stick and the thermometer, although these objects had low masses. By using an even more0 insulating calorimeter, with a lower specific heat capacity, we would decrease the heat lost to the environment.

The primitive method for stirring is another reason for heat-loss. A stick with a ring in attached to the end was used to manually stir the water, which led to exhausted arms and an inability to maintain stirring for a prolonged period of time. This could have been solved by using an automatic stirrer.

I decided to upgrade from my current deluge-torrent (a BitTorrent client) to the latest version 0.5.7.1, as I just got a what.cd invite. Unfortunately, the .deb package from the Deluge site didnt work instantly.

Googling for No module named _dbus gave me only two results, both Deluge-related. The first forum thread had no solution. dpkg purging the system from deluge-torrent did not solve the problem. In the second thread, the problem was solved through manually deleting all files from the previous installation, which is what I did, using slocate. Deluge 0.5.7.1 would then install nicely.

I dont want this to degenerate into some cheesy lyrics site, but there currently seems to be an unsatisfied demand for the lyrics of the latest Nightwish album, Dark Passion Play. So far, Ive transcribed The Poet and the Pendulum, Amaranth and Cadence of her Last Breath from the promo CD.

The real lyrics have been released by Nightwish, but I will keep my interpretations for historical reasons.

The Poet and the Pendulum Lyrics

Amaranth Lyrics

Cadence of her Last Breath Lyrics

Bye Bye, Beautiful Lyrics

Whoever Brings the Night Lyrics

Sahara Lyrics

Seven Days to the Wolves Lyrics

Meadows of Heaven Lyrics

For the Heart I Once Had Lyrics

Nightwish The Poet and the Pendulum Lyrics

The end
The songwriters dead
The blade fell upon him
Taking him to the white land of empathica, of innocence
The poet ??? meadows of heaven

The dreamer and the wine
Poet without a rhyme
A widow writer, torn apart by chains of Hell
One last perfect verse
Yet still the same old song
Oh Christ, how I hate what I have become
Take me home

Get away, run away, fly away
Lead me astray, to dreamers hideaway
I cannot cry cause the shoulder cries more
I cannot die, I, the whore for this cold world
Forgive me, I have but two faces
One for the world,
One for God, save me
I cannot cry cause the shoulder cries more
I cannot die, I, the whore for this cold world

My home was there at last, these meadows of heaven
The venture filled days more with every smiling face
Please, no more words
Those from a seventh hell
No more, please, tell me once my heart goes by
Take me home

Get away, run away, fly away
Lead me astray, to dreamers hideaway
I cannot cry cause the shoulder cries more
I cannot die, I, the whore for this cold world
Forgive me, I have but two faces
One for the world,
One for God, save me
I cannot cry cause the shoulder cries more
I cannot die, I, the whore for this cold world
Whore for this cold world
Whore for this cold world

Sparkle, a scenery
With childish lies, I fall
With beauty underneath
The end, Im free
Tuck me in
Beneath the blue
Beneath the great
Beneath the ray
One night reigns a journey in time
See them, the light

On the shore he sat and hoped
Under the same belief
Blue sky, the light chose you
Shows you hope

Im afraid, so afraid, of being raped
Again and again and again
I know I will die alone, but loved
You live long enough to hear the sounds of chaos
Long enough to find yourself screaming
And if you want
Live long enough to see your friends betray you
Years have I been stripped unto this altar
Now I only have three minutes left to live
I just wish the tide would catch me first
And give me a death
As I hoped for

??? Drum the ride up, Christ
Join in Hell and fantasize
The whole world would it take to ???
??? run away
Everyone must bury their own
The victim buried their heart under stone
???
???

The morning dawn upon this altar
Remains of the dark passion play
Performed by his friends without shame
Screaming on his curse ???

Get away, run away, fly away
Lead me astray, to dreamers hideaway
I cannot cry cause the shoulder cries more
I cannot die, I, the whore for this cold world
Forgive me, I have but two faces
One for the world,
One for God, save me
I cannot cry cause the shoulder cries more
I cannot die, I, the whore for this cold world
the whore for this cold world
the whore for this cold world

Today, in the year of our Lord, 2005
Tuomas was called from the cares of the world
To stop crying at the end of this beautiful day
The music he wrote, at the long pain, about silence
He was found, walking, dead, with a smile on his face
And one thousand pages of erased text

Save me

Theyve stilled my sun, your life
Oh, when did you become so cold?
The blade will keep on descending
All you need is to feel my love
Search for beauty, find your shore
Try to save the lovethem all, bleed no more
You have such oceans within
In the end, I will always love you

Nightwish Amaranth Lyrics

Baptized with a perfect name
The doubting one by heart
Alone without himself

War between him and the day
Need someone to blame
In the end, little he can do alone

You believe but what you see
You receive but what you give

Caress the one
The never-fading rain in your heart
The tears of snow-white sorrow
Caress the one
The hiding amaranth
In a land of the daybreak

Apart from the wandering pack
In this brief flight of time we reach
For the ones, whoever dare

You believe but what you see
You receive but what you give

Caress the one
The never-fading rain in your heart
The tears of snow-white sorrow
Caress the one
The hiding amaranth
In a land of the daybreak

Caress the one
The never-fading rain in your heart
The tears of snow-white sorrow
Caress the one
The hiding amaranth
In a land of the daybreak

Nightwish Cadence of her Last Breath Lyrics

Running for her life
The dark rain from her eyes still falls
Her taking butterfly
Chose a dark day to live
Save one breath for me

Alone and longing for
The cadence of her last breath

Why do I miss someone I never met
Her ??? mebating breath I await
Seawinds brought her to me
A butterfly, May one day
Miracle of life
And all the poetry in the world
Finally makes sense to me
Save one death for me

Alone and longing for
Run away, run away, run away, run away
The cadence of her last breath

The terrestrial, thats not life
Drink her beauty
Feel her last breath

Sometimes a dream turns into a greed

Alone and longing for
Run away, run away, run away, run away
The cadence of her last breath
Alone and longing for
Run away, run away, run away, run away
The cadence of her last breath

Update: Another one, Bye bye, Beautyful

Nightwish Bye Bye, Beautiful Lyrics

Finally the hills are without eyes
They are tired of painting a dead mans face
Red with their own blood
They used to love having so much to lose
Blink your eyes just once and see everything in ruins

Did you ever hear what I told you?
Did you ever read what I wrote you?
Did you ever listen to what we played?
Did you ever let in what the world said?
Did we get this far just to feel your hate?
Did we play to become only pawns in the game?
How blind can you be, dont you see?
You chose the long road, but well be waiting

Bye bye, beautiful
Die die, beautiful

Think of those ???
??? for the blinded siblings wanting the dying hearth
Lose around a choking heart eternally torn apart
So toll now the funeral bell

No need to die
??? lie

Did you ever hear what I told you?
Did you ever read what I wrote you?
Did you ever listen to what we played?
Did you ever let in what the world said?
Did we get this far just to feel your hate?
Did we play to become only pawns in the game?
How blind can you be, dont you see?
You chose the long road, but well be waiting

Bye bye, beautiful
Die die, beautiful

Bye bye, beautiful
Die die, beautiful

Its not the tree that forsakes the flower
Not the flower that forsakes the tree
Some day Ill learn to love this dance
???

How blind can you be, dont you see?
How blind can you be, dont you see?
How blind can you be, dont you see
That the ???

Did you ever hear what I told you?
Did you ever read what I wrote you?
Did you ever listen to what we played?
Did you ever let in what the world said?
Did we get this far just to feel your hate?
Did we play to become only pawns in the game?
How blind can you be, dont you see?
You chose the long road, but well be waiting

Bye bye, beautiful
Die die, beautiful

Bye bye, beautiful
Die die, die die

Another update, Whoever Brings the Night:

Nightwish Whoever Brings the Night Lyrics

We seduce the dark with pain
And try to lie to ships that pass in the night
You and I, a whore and a bashful sailor
Welcome to a sunrise of a dirty mind

All your love is a lie
You one-night butterfly
Hurt me, be the one
Whoever brings the night

The dark dream to hide the innocence
Why the last of night?
Im so bright, seductive lies
Crimson maquerade where I merely played my part
Poisoned art of desire

All your love is a lie
You one-night butterfly
Hurt me, be the one
Whoever brings the night

Choose a bride tonight
A fantasy for the sorry
Hurt me, I love to suffer
Your harems are dreams for free

???

Come with me on the water
And drown to despise me no more
Unholy, unworthy
My night is a dream for free

All your love is a lie
You one-night butterfly
Hurt me, be the one
Whoever brings the night

All your love is a lie
You one-night butterfly
Hurt me, be the one
Whoever brings the night
Whoever brings the night

And now the little weird Sahara:

Nightwish Sahara Lyrics

My twilight of a dark queen
It goes through nightlight
As he feels the curse of gods
The pharaoh strike

One-thousand-one nights Ive seen
The philosopher and the queen

Ancient ???mariner in a sea of sand
The journey-beauty is doomed to die for

One-thousand-one nights Ive seen
The philosopher and the queen

???

Heaven has a darkened face
Hearings of sorry ???
The dreams caravan ???
He might cross the ways

???
As the stride slowly turn to leash the fear

One-thousand-one nights Ive seen
The philosopher and the queen

One-thousand-one nights Ive seen
The philosopher and the queen

One-thousand-one nights Ive seen

Ive transcribed a bit of Seven Days to the Wolves now. Also found out that its called Seven days of the wolves in some places, e.g. last.fm, but that just contradicts the lyrics too much.

Nightwish Seven Days to the Wolves Lyrics

The wolves, my love will come
Taking us from where dust once ???
Is there life before a death?
Do we long too much at the never-land

Howl! Seven days to the wolves
Where will we be when they come?
Seven days to the poison
And a place in HeavenTheyre going near usTime growing near as
They come to take us

This is my church of choice
Lost ??? in lost sacrifice
For the rest, I have to say to you
I will dream like a god
And suffer like all the dead children

Howl! Seven days to the wolves
Where will we be when they come?
Seven days to the poison
And a place in HeavenTheyre going near usTime growing near as
They come to take us

This is where heroes and cowards are ???part ways

Light the fire, feast
Chase the ghost, give in
Take the road less traveled
Leave by, leave the city of fools
Turn every poet loose

Howl! Seven days to the wolves
Where will we be when they come?
Seven days to the poison
And a place in HeavenTheyre going near usTime growing near as
They come to take us

Howl! Seven days to the wolves
Where will we be when they come?
Seven days to the poison
And a place in HeavenTheyre going near usTime growing near as
They come to take us

Hero
Coward
???

The slowest and the least good of the songs on Dark Passion Play, perhaps the worst of Nightwish ever (except The Carpenter):

Nightwish Meadows of Heaven Lyrics

I close my eyes, the lantern dies
The scent of awakening, wild honey and dew
Childhood games, woods and lakes
Streams of silver, toys of olden days

Meadows of Heaven
Meadows of Heaven

Lands of wonder and of hidden treasures
In the meadow of life, my acre of Heaven
A five-year-old winter heart in a place called home
Sailing the waves of past

Meadows of Heaven
Meadows of Heaven
Meadows of Heaven
Meadows of Heaven

Rocking chair without a dreamer
A wood and a spring without laughter?
Sandbox without toy soldiers
Yuletide without the flight
Dream down for her

Flowers wither, treasures stay hidden
Until I see the first star-fall
I fall asleep and see it all
Mothers care and colour of the kites

Meadows of Heaven
Meadows of Heaven
Meadows of Heaven
Meadows of Heaven

Cavalry contributed with a draft of the lyrics for For the Heart I Once Had. Yet another slow (and thereby boring) song.

Nightwish For the Heart I Once Had

Heaven today is far away
To a place I once called home
Heart of a child ???
As another love grows cold

Once my heart beat to the
Rhythm of the falling snow
Like there below the river now flows
A stream on mounds of magic snow

For the heart Ill never have
For the child forever gone
The music flows because it loves
For the heart I once had

??? today ???
To understand the weight of the world
Faded and torn ???
My weak and hoping heart

For the child, for the night
For the heart I once had
I believe I have foreseen
Everything I could ever be

For the heart Ill never have
For the child forever gone
The music flows because it loves
For the heart I once had

Time will not heal a dead boys
Time will kill

For the heart Ill never have
For the child forever gone
The music flows because it loves
For the heart I once had

allowed_markup( $args = )In order to ease template writing for bbPress, i compiled a list of all the template functions in the current version (bbPress 0.8.1). It was done swiftly with grep -oe ^function.*\) bb-includes/template-functions.php | sort > functions.txt.

In the fourth basic web mission, Network Security Sam apparently hasnt learnt anything from his prior mistake. In the third basic web mission, we extracted information from hidden form fields and thereby found out the name of a password file. The procedure is essentially the same in this mission. As usually, check the source code first. These snipets have been formated for easier reading:

As you can see, this level contains two forms. The upper one is the Send password to Sam button, and the lower one is the password field. You should already have noticed the highly suspicious hidden field in the upper form. Its purpose is obvious: it supplies the email address that the password will be emailed to. From merely knowing this address, you cannot achieve anything (except if you managed to hack the hulla-balloo.com server). Therefore, you should alter the field to contain your email address instead of Sams.

In order to enter your own information in to, the hidden field, you can create a local copy of the form. In your modified version, you can either change webmaster to your own email address, or change the type="hidden" to type="text". The prior changes the email address automatically, while the latter allows you to enter another address.

If you are pedantic and want your local version to validate, use the following code.

Remember to change the URL from local to absolute (http://hackthissite.org/missions/basic/4/level4.php instead of /missions/basic/4/level4.php). Save the file as e.g. hackthissite.htm, then open it in your web browser.

If you administer a MediaWiki Wiki, youve probably come across wiki spam. There is a quite simple way of fixing this. Just edit the file LocalSettings.php in the root directory and add the following line at the bottom (or anywhere else):

$wgGroupPermissions['*']['edit'] = false;

This will remove the edit-permissions from users who have not yet logged in. If a guest tries to edit, they will be prompted to log in. Since you would no longer be able to edit using only your IP address as a signature, adding the following line might be desired too:

$wgShowIPinHeader = false;

Doing so removes the IP address from the header for non-logged-in users (logged-in users wouldnt see it anyway). Happy wikiing.

Getting tired of the simplicity of the original BitTorrent UI and the memory-hogging of Java-based Azureus, I recently turned to Deluge. According to Wiktionary, deluge is (paraphrased):

A great flood or rain.

An overwhelming amount of something

The Deluge: The Biblical flood during the time of Noah.

(transitive) To flood with water.

(transitive) To overwhelm.

It also happens to be a handy, well-featured and good-looking BitTorrent client for Linux. However, since it is still in beta, there is naturally faulty documentation and some other problems. It worked great from scratch, but then I decided that I wanted to divide my torrents into two categorieschecked out and not checked out. The announced Categorize plugin seemed optimal for this purpose, and thus, I proceeded to download it from the Plugins page of the Deluge wiki:

Trying to access the page was fruitless, and so was trying to access https://www.google.com/evaluation/search/rating/ and https://www.google.com/evaluation/search/: both resulted in a simple page saying nothing but Not Found Error 404. I tried yet another level downhttps://www.google.com/evaluation/ gave me a 403 forbidden error:

Forbidden

The user XXXXXX@XXXX.XX is not a member of EWOQ. Please contact the ratingprojects@google.com for access.

My Google accounts email address was there. Ive got no idea about what this is. At least that Google worker (?) was using Firefox.a