Special Counsel Robert Mueller is methodically, brilliantly filling in pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. When complete, the puzzle will depict a president who is ripe—overripe—for impeachment.

Mueller's indictment on Friday of Russia's cyber-warfare against the 2016 election was a tactical and investigative masterstroke. President Donald Trump is now cornered. Mueller's report makes a total liar out of Trump for his repeated claims that he believes Russian President Vladimir Putin when Putin says Russia had nothing to do with it, that the hacking could have been “some guy in New Jersey.”

The indictments do not quite connect the Russian operation to Putin personally, no serious person believes that an operation as sensitive as deliberate disruption of a U.S. election could go forward without Putin's full knowledge and support in a state as authoritarian as his.

Trump, having repeatedly denied Russian involvement, has now shifted gears and is insisting that the proper test of wrongdoing is “collusion.” But this is a straw man.

During the campaign, Trump repeatedly and publicly urged the Russians to come forward with dirt on Hillary Clinton. His top advisers met with Russian operatives to see what they had. That part of Mueller's investigation is still open.

What we already know is plenty damning. A conspiracy of interest does not have to include an explicit tit-for-tat deal. It can be based on signaling.

In this case, Trump and his family relied on massive bailouts of his failing business enterprises from Russian oligarchs close to the Kremlin. When he became a presidential candidate, the Russians treated him as an asset—a useful idiot, as Stalinists used to put it. And when the campaign finalists turned out to be Trump versus the hard-line Clinton, the Russians sought to destroy her and elect Trump.

Trump, meanwhile, became the most pro-Russia president in U.S. history, refusing to breathe a word of criticism of Putin, behaving like the head of a client state. This much of the story is hidden in plain view.

The details—Russian financing of Trump's businesses, more campaign contacts—will be spelled out in further indictments. They will almost surely include members of Trump's family. Mueller's final report will look very much like a bill of impeachment.

What's astonishing is that this detailed report on Russian manipulation of a U.S. presidential election had to come from a special counsel. Under a normal administration, evidence of a foreign power meddling in a U.S. election would have prompted a presidential order for a full investigation, and retaliation. Instead, Trump mocked the whole idea and used his influence to block such inquiries by House and Senate panels, as well as resisting retaliation.

Rather than looking deeply into Russian interference, the president redefined election integrity. He created a commission headed by Vice President Mike Pence and Kris Kobach, the Kansas secretary of state best known for voter suppression, to investigate alleged voter fraud by immigrants and others not qualified to vote had helped Clinton win the national popular vote. This red herring was so preposterous that the commission collapsed of its own weight.

Your donation keeps this site free and open for all to read. Give what you can...

Bottom of FormSo where does Mueller's latest set of indictments leave us? First, these disclosures end Trump's intermittent efforts to fire Mueller. If he were to try that now, it would be an open-and-shut case of obstruction of justice. Congressional Republicans would have no choice but to begin the impeachment process.

Second, they drive a further wedge between Trump and the Republican leadership in the House and Senate. All key Republicans, whatever their marriage of convenience with Trump on other issues, have expressed outrage at the Russian operations and praised Mueller. Trump, by contrast, has only proclaimed his own lack of complicity, and has said nothing about what documented Russian interference means for American democracy, much less vowed to resist it and punish Putin.

We also see a further wedge between Trump and the entire intelligence community. Last week, on the eve of the Mueller indictments, the leaders of every major intelligence agency, including Trump appointees, testified unanimously before Congress that there was no doubt that Russia meddled in the 2016 election. Unlike Trump, they are alarmed that Putin tipped a U.S. election to a pro-Kremlin stooge.

One question is the degree to which Mueller's 37-page indictment relied on materials from those U.S. intelligence agencies, and what else the government has that it isn't revealing out of concern for disclosing “sources and methods.”

Mueller's indictment goes into far more detail than anything else that has been made public.

Two other questions remain. First is Mueller's timing. When will other indictments come? He could wrap things up in a matter of weeks, or the investigation could drag out beyond November's midterm elections.

Second is how the U.S. should punish and deter Russia. The Russian actions to undermine American democracy and tip the election amounted to an act of war. And if those actions were as effective as much reporting and now Mueller's indictments have suggested they were, it means Trump literally became president in a Russia-sponsored coup d'état.

This is a huge challenge, on which the U.S. has made little headway, though the Obama administration at least made some serious efforts. The U.S. and the Russians have the capacity to knock out each other's vital defense and infrastructure systems that rely on the internet. But unlike the nuclear deterrence of Mutually Assured Destruction, there are no bright lines when it comes to self-restraint in cyber-war. If there were, Russia surely crossed one in 2015 and 2016.

This makes the challenge of deterrence and proportional punishment a nightmare. The U.S. does not have in place a serious program to help states resist cyber-hacking of voting systems. Even harder is an effort to block the kind of social media covert warfare that Mueller's Friday indictments began to expose.

Only punishment might work, but what sort of punishment? What does it mean to fire a cyber-shot across the Kremlin's bow? And how to prevent a deadly game of mutual escalation? The NSA, the Pentagon, the CIA and others in the government have thousands of people working on this, and from what I've read nobody has good answers. The fact that the current president of the US has expressed studied interest and obstruction makes the challenge that much harder—and all by itself is grounds for impeachment.

Your donation keeps this site free and open for all to read. Give what you can...

Mutually assured cyber-destruction would be a catastrophe; that's why Russia gets away with these incursions. But slaps on the wrist like banning the travel or freezing the bank accounts of a few Russian individuals just makes America look pitiful.

This is the serious question America needs to take up, once Trump is gone. Thanks to Mueller's latest revelations and those still to come, that day may not be far off.

If you are scraping by right now, please don’t give us anything. But if you have the ability to support independent, non-profit journalism, we are so grateful. Your voluntary contribution helps keep this website paywall-free. You can sign up as a subscriber with a range of benefits, including an opt-in to receive the print magazine by mail.