Azure API Management is an API gateway that can be used to publish APIs to the Internet. It provides features such as per-developer API keys, request throttling and request authentication. One of the way requests can be authenticated is through standard OAuth2 bearer tokens. I assume that the most common scenario is to use Azure AD to issue those tokens. But if an organisation is not that cloud enabled yet and the users are in an on prem AD, the natural token issuer is to use ADFS. And ADFS on Windows Server 2016 supports OpenID Connect, so it should work, right?

Well, it turns out it didn’t just work. The OpenID Connect implementation in ADFS has some quirks that need to be handled. In the end it worked, but with some limitations.