Regional Medical Center Bayonet Point will continue its “Tuesday Tutorials” on September 15 when it will present “Diabetes &Kidney Disease” at the Rao Musunuru, MD Conference Center at 14100 Yosemite Drive...

Encephalopathy

Definition

Encephalopathy is condition caused by diseases that affect large portions of the brain. The disease may affect the function and/or the structure of the brain leading to a wide range of physical and mental symptoms. An altered mental state, such as confusion and sudden mood changes, is often a hallmark of encephalopathy.

There are several different type of encephalopathy based on the cause. Treating the disease or injury causing the encephalopathy may reverse symptoms in some. Some forms of encephalopathy may result in lasting changes in the brain. If the brain injury is severe and cannot be reversed, the disease can be fatal.

Causes

Encephalopathy is caused by an infection or widespread injury of the brain. Some common causes include:

Infection

Head trauma

Metabolic dysfunction—causes an imbalance in nutrients and electrolytes the brain needs to function

Brain tumor or increased pressure on the skull

Exposure to toxins

Poor nutrition—causes an imbalance in nutrients and electrolytes the brain needs to function

No oxygen or blood flow to the brain

Organ failure

Oxygen and Blood Flow to the Brain

If the flow of oxygen to the brain is disrupted, it can cause encephalopathy.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.