ResultThe results of measurement showed that the femoral anteversion after fixation with interlocking intramedullary nailing was changed in all patients. The anteversion of the femoral shaft fracture ranged from 13.35°to 47.21°.

Thirty-two patients who had difficulties for intravenous infusion received 47 times of intramedullary drug and fluid administration, 23 were in the anterior proximal tibia, 20 were in anterior distal tibia,and 4 were in distal femur.

Congenital epithelial cyst withinthe spinal canal, which is unlikeeither dermoid or epidermoid cyst isof very rare occurrence. A clinicopa-thological report of 5 such cases: 3enterogenous cysts, a bronchiogeniccyst and a teratomatous cyst arepresented here. Problems concerning thecontroversial nomenclature of theserare lesions are discussed with abrief review of the related literature.We prefer to use the terms abovementioned on account of their originsand pathological characteristics. The possible origin and...

Congenital epithelial cyst withinthe spinal canal, which is unlikeeither dermoid or epidermoid cyst isof very rare occurrence. A clinicopa-thological report of 5 such cases: 3enterogenous cysts, a bronchiogeniccyst and a teratomatous cyst arepresented here. Problems concerning thecontroversial nomenclature of theserare lesions are discussed with abrief review of the related literature.We prefer to use the terms abovementioned on account of their originsand pathological characteristics. The possible origin and develop-ment theories about the enterogenouscyst with spinal column anomalies havebeen reviewed with reference to theliterature: "Notochordal theory", "Neu-renteric connexiong", "Split notochordsyndrome", etc. The bronchiogenic cystas a variation of enterogenous cysthas the same origin as the entergenic.The embryonal rests of primordialgerm cells are the cause of theteratomatous cyst. Pathologically these three kinds ofcongenital cysts have the same endo-dermal epithelial walls. Enterogenouscysts (case 1-3) and bronchiogenic cyst(case 4) have the same characteristicsas the epithelia of the intestine andbronchus respectively. But teratomatouscyst (case 5) is characterized first bythe disorderly grouping of the varioustissue elements. It also differs from thegastrocystoma or bronchiogenic cyst ofthe spinal canal reported in differentia-tion and function. Ependymal cystwhich has the same structure as entero-genous cyst can be differentiated byphosphotungstic hemotoxylin stain toshow the blepharoblast in cytoplasm.Moreover ependymal cyst mostly occursintracranilly and seldom within thespinal cord. Severe radicular pain and subse-quent progressive compression of spinalcord are the common clinical featuresin the patients with these congenitalintraspinal cysts. The episodic natureof the history suggests that the cystscompress the spinal cord at intervalsdue to slow filling of the cyst withmucinous secretion followed by spontan-eous rapture or due to the inbalancebetween the secretion and absorption ofintracystic mucous fluid. The entero- genous or bronchiogenic cysts occurin a ventral or intramedullary position,most commonly near the cervico-thoracic junction, in young patients. Themajority of teratomatous cysts havebeen found dorsal or dorso-lateral tothe spinal cord. The ratio betweenmen and women affected is 3:1. Theintraspinal cysts are usually associatedwith congenital vertebral or neurolo-gical anomalies, such as occult spinabifida meningomyelocele, hemivertebralor spondylolisthesis, widening of theverterbral canal, diastematomyelia orArnold-Chiari malformations. Totalremoval of the cyst will result in aremarkable improvement of neurologi-cal deficits.

Ten cases of syringomyelia examined by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)werereviewed.Intramedullary cavities were demonstrated by MRI:cavities were centralcystic cavities on spin-echo(SE)sequences.The T_1 weighted images were the samelow signal region as cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and the T_2 weighted images werethe same high signal region as CSF.In addition the MRI can be used to diagnoseChiari malformations.It was stated that MRI technique was of particular valuefor the diagnosis of syringomyelia.

Thirty-two patients who had difficulties for intravenous infusion received 47 times of intramedullary drug and fluid administration, 23 were in the anterior proximal tibia, 20 were in anterior distal tibia,and 4 were in distal femur. The longest ones maintained the infusion for five days,eleven kinds of drugs and fluids were used,the average amount of infusion was 1900ml and no any side effect developed. The method , indications , contraindications and complications of intravenous Infusion were descrided...

Thirty-two patients who had difficulties for intravenous infusion received 47 times of intramedullary drug and fluid administration, 23 were in the anterior proximal tibia, 20 were in anterior distal tibia,and 4 were in distal femur. The longest ones maintained the infusion for five days,eleven kinds of drugs and fluids were used,the average amount of infusion was 1900ml and no any side effect developed. The method , indications , contraindications and complications of intravenous Infusion were descrided and discussed in the article.