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Introduction to Linux - A Hands on Guide

This guide was created as an overview of the Linux Operating System, geared toward new users as an exploration tour and getting started guide, with exercises at the end of each chapter.
For more advanced trainees it can be a desktop reference, and a collection of the base knowledge needed to proceed with system and network administration. This book contains many real life examples derived from the author's experience as a Linux system and network administrator, trainer and consultant. They hope these examples will help you to get a better understanding of the Linux system and that you feel encouraged to try out things on your own.

-We do not recommend using optimizations.
-If a package refuses to compile when using optimization, try to compile it without optimization and see if that fixes the problem. Even if the package does compile
when using optimization, there is the risk it may have been compiled incorrectly because of the complex interactions
between the code and build tools.

what is the diff 'compile the package with optimization/without optimization'

While compiling a software, a compiler can try to optimize for either performance or size. If you use optimization, the compiler has some techniques to alter the code that it more fits the need (performance/size). This can lead to situations where the code doesn't work in the way the developer intended it to do. Either the software doesn't work at all in your system or, and this is the real danger, it works, but in some situations becomes unstable or delivers wrong results.
Therefore the book recommends to not use optimizations.

janu@usbstick#tar -jxf lfs-chapter.tar.bz2 ( i try to extract)
here the result
tar: lfs/tools/include/inttypes.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/termio.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/iconv.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/pthread.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/poll.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/tic.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/expect_tcl.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/netrose: Cannot mkdir: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/netrose/rose.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/shadow.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/memory.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/fstab.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/fcntl.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/endian.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/error.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/aliases.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/ifaddrs.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/features.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/libintl.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/netrom: Cannot mkdir: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/netrom/netrom.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1/gettext-tools/gnulib-lib/.libs: Directory renamed before its status could be extracted
tar: lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1/gettext-tools/gnulib-lib: Directory renamed before its status could be extracted
tar: lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1/gettext-tools/src/.libs: Directory renamed before its status could be extracted
tar: lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1/gettext-tools/src: Directory renamed before its status could be extracted
tar: lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1/gettext-tools: Directory renamed before its status could be extracted
tar: lfs/sources/gettext-0.18.1.1: Directory renamed before its status could be extracted
tar: lfs/sources: time stamp 2011-04-11 19:54:46 is 13244.265589325 s in the future
tar: lfs: time stamp 2011-04-11 16:15:42 is 100.265498107 s in the future
tar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors

some thing wrong,what to do
------------------------------------------------
2)this q is not required now
(but i told u power will go off in the night),so instead of redoing all the again till ch5)

how can use this(lfs-chapter5.tar.bz2) in further,(if i start build tmw),from there i will move ch6 k
---------------------------------------------------------------
3)do i need to use lfs livecd till(which chapter) end of lfs(successful completion)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4)k i removed sources dir,build dir (i do not remove the packages)
then i move to further
6.9.1. Installation of Glibc -pageno-86
root:/sources/glibc-build#grep Error glibc-check-log
make[2]:[/sources/glibc-build/posix/annexc.out]error 1 {ignored]

how to fix this error
shall i install as fresh only glibc-2.12.1 again?
thanks

Using [code] [/code] or [quote] [/quote] would also help in making your posts more readable.

About your questions:

Quote:

Originally Posted by janakiramulu

janu@usbstick#tar -jxf lfs-chapter.tar.bz2 ( i try to extract)
here the result
tar: lfs/tools/include/inttypes.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/termio.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory
tar: lfs/tools/include/iconv.h: Cannot open: No such file or directory

some thing wrong,what to do

You created the backup as user root and try to restore it as user janu, I suspect this is what creates the error(s). I also notice that your are trying to untar in /mnt/usbstick, that is probably the wrong location (it should be un-tarred in /mnt).

Also: If you want to restore the backup you should remove the original content first. If you do not do so, unwanted files and directories might still be present after the restore.

If (!!!) you want to restore the backup, do the following as root user:

Code:

cd /mnt
rm -rf lfs
tar jxf /mnt/usbstick/lfs-chapter.tar.bz2

Only do this if you are 100% sure you want to start from the beginning of chapter 6 again!!

Quote:

2)this q is not required now
(but i told u power will go off in the night),so instead of redoing all the again till ch5)

how can use this(lfs-chapter5.tar.bz2) in further,(if i start build tmw),from there i will move ch6 k

The backup (the lfs-chapter5.tar.bz2 file) is only used when you want to redo all (!!) of chapter 6. It is _not_ used after a reboot/restart. If you restore the backup you have to start from the beginning of chapter 6 again.

3)do i need to use lfs livecd till(which chapter) end of lfs(successful completion)

Yes, you need to use it until you successfully build the LFS system. In other words: If you can boot into your newly build system (end of chapter 9.3), the liveCD isn't needed any more (although it could still be useful to fix possible error situations).

I am wondering why people, especially druuna, can be so calm with posts like yours.
At first, it was said to you more than one time that you have to read the book and do exactly what is written there. You don't.
Then you were asked to spell out your words to make your posts more readable for the people helping you. You don't.

Sorry I have to say that, but when I see your threads regarding LFS I doubt that in the end you will have learned anything from LFS. Some people think if they follow the book and copy/paste the commands they will be more knowledgeable at the end. In some cases this is so, because people are willing to learn, even if they not have fulfilled the prerequisites in the beginning (like you did).
But in your case you seem not even to be willing to follow the book. Furthermore you are wasting the time of the people on this forums with your threads about errors that wouldn't occur or could easily be solved if you actually would read the book.
What do you think you will achieve with this?

I am wondering why people, especially druuna, can be so calm with posts like yours.

It is a Zen thing...

Quote:

Two monks were washing their bowls in the river when they noticed a scorpion that was drowning. One monk immediately scooped it up and set it upon the bank. In the process he was stung. He went back to washing his bowl and again the scorpion fell in. The monk saved the scorpion and was again stung. The other monk asked him, "Friend, why do you continue to save the scorpion when you know it's nature is to sting?"

how to install the locale for 'your own ()country, language and character set.'
i want install locales of country-india,language-(english/can we select different languages as options)

after this i will do next step 'make localedata/install-locales' pageno-87

I don't think you should be concerned about your country specific locale right now. Skip the individual locales part and install all locales (the make localedata/install-locales command). Keeping it simple for now is the way to go.

hi druuna
thanks for reply
see pageno-189
when i enter this command
root:/sources/vim73#vim -c 'ptions'
result is in diff colors text and options as red colour like 1,2,3..25
i quit(<enter> for quit) from this
i moved to further is it k

hidruuna
according to lfs book pageno-191.6.62. Stripping Again
i logout from chroot
ie
root:/logout
output is
there are stopped jobs
next i re enter to chroot
ie
root:/#chroot $LFS /tools/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
/tools/bin/bash --login
output is
chroot:cannot change root directory t /tools/bin/env:not a directory(there is no directory with name)
what to do