are reserved for the second volume, for which M. Lacau is contributing
material from the examples at Cairo.

Demotic.

Revillotjt has issued the fourth fascicule of the papyri of the Louvre
in the Corpus papyrorum Aegypti, containing photographs of an unique
contract dated in the reign of Necho, two contracts of the reign of
Ahmes II., and one of Darius. Also two funerary papyri of Ptolemaic
date, and a literary text. Many of the photographs are very faint or
illegible; no doubt the condition of the documents is responsible for this.

Spiegelberg publishes the photograph of a Ptolemaic sale-contract at
Innsbruck, Rec. de Trav. xxv. 4, and some Ptolemaic graffiti in the crypts
of the temple of Osiris at Karnak, Ann. iii. 89.

Magnien, in Quelques regus d'impdts agricoles, publishes a number of
receipts from ostraca of the Louvre.

History.

Sethe has published a series of contributions to the earliest history of
Egypt, forming the first half of the third volume of his Untersuchungen.

(1) The Shemsu-Hor, "followers of Horus." This term Sethe explains
to mean not the successors of Horus, nor even quite the attendants or
companions of Horus (in his combat with Set), though that would be a
possible meaning, but those devoted to Horus, worshippers of him. The
following embodies some of the chief historical points suggested or reached
by the author's elaborate argument, which will probably win the assent
of most critics, as giving at least a very attractive and probable view.

Menes was the uniter of the two kingdoms. Before his time the capital
of Lower Egypt was Buto, with the goddess Buto as protectress ; that of
Upper Egypt was Nekheb, with the goddess Nekhebt. The quarter of the
royal residence at Buto was named Pe, that of Nekheb, on the opposite
bank to the city itself, was Nekhen (Hieraconpolis). In each of these
residences the hawk god Horus was worshipped, and these ancient kings
before Menes were distinguished later as the " worshippers of Horus."
The royal " worship of Horus" at Hieraconpolis was kept up after the
union of Egypt, especially by the kings at Abydos of the 1st and Ilnd
Dynasties, whose capital was at This. At that time it is mentioned every
second year in the annals of the Palermo Stone ; after the removal of the
capital to Memphis by the Illrd Dynasty it was less prominent. The