AD HOC network is basically a wireless network for a group meeting without a central administration. There is no need a based station in Ad Hoc network, hence it is easy to build it where ever necessary. Although it doesn’t use a central base station, it needs to follow a set of rules for information transfer. These are constructed under a name Routing protocol.

AD HOC networks can be formulated with many routing protocols but these are categorized into i) Table driven router protocol ii) On-demand routing. In the case of table driven router protocol each node need to maintain one or more tables to store routing information whereas in the case of on demand routing the route is created when desired by the source node and maintains the path by router maintenance.

In Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) each node knows only the information (distance) about the other node in which they are directly connected. And the distance of the node which is not directly connected are initialized to infinity. Each node updates its directly connected neighbor when changes occur in the network by least cost distance vector. This occurs until the convergence occurs.

In DSR router protocol full series of path between the source and the destination node is to be needed. Route discovery and route maintenance are the procedures used. Awareness of the existence of the alternate path helps to use in case of the link failure.

In the case of zone router protocol is the hybrid protocol combination of the proactive and reactive protocols and local topology can be used for route maintenance. Short routes can be discovered using the topology.

Based on the goal of the ad hoc network needed the best one protocol can be adopted from the different router protocol stated.