Leadership Models The dynamics of leadership-follower relationships has grown in the last two decades because of a growing discussion in leadership literature (Popper & Mayseless, 2002) as cited in Avolio. Many companies, which were small 20 years ago have emerged as leaders in the market, overtaking their once larger competitors. These firms internally have revamped the way they do business. They have focused on making changes to their managerial process, thereby creating a competitive advantage (Tichy & Devanna, 1990). The authors go on to say that although traditional managerial skills are important they are not sufficient to bring about organizational transformation. Transformational change will come by incorporating new strategies about people and the structure of the firm. These strategies may include leadership models or theories. A number of leadership models or theories exist, which address change in the way a firm addresses the management of its employees. The contingency view of leadership states there is not a particular model of leadership that is better than another, but rather various situational contingencies determine the success of different types and styles of leadership (Nahavandi, 2006). Of the many number of leadership models four are notable for change. These four consist of trait theory, behavioral theory, charismatic approach to leadership, and the cognitive resource model. A discussion of how each model addresses contemporary leadership issues and challenges follows. The trait approach to leadership has been referred to as the “Great Man” approach, which includes identifying specific traits a person exhibits. Those traits would be used to identify that person as either a potential leader or as a follower. Researchers have spent considerable time attempting to identify traits that would help to identify leaders from followers. Clawson (2006) states that whereas there have been many researchers studying leadership traits only a few have emerged as common among effective leaders. According to (Stogdill, 1981) an effective leader adapts to situations, is alert to social environment, ambitious and achievement oriented, assertive, cooperative, decisive, dependable, has a high energy level, self-confident, tolerant of stress, persistent, and willing to accept responsibility. Maccoby (1981) narrowed the scope to four main character traits, which are: craft, enterprise, career, and self. He went on to describe both negative and positive aspects of each trait. The positive for each are as follows: Craft – independent and hardworking

Enterprise – daring and entrepreneurial
Career - professional and meritocratic
Self - experimental and self-developing
He stated that most of all an effective leader is caring, flexible, and willing to share power. He also indicated there is a negative side of each trait.Craft - Suspicious and inflexibleEnterprise - uncaring and instrumentalCareer - Fearful and bureaucratic
Self - Escapist and rebelliousJohn Gardner and Jim Collins have also researched and written about traits of leaders. Although each researcher has a slightly different bent, they basically describe the same traits using different terms. Callan (2003) stated that the Environmentalists of the 18th and 19th century believed that “Great Man” is only an expression of the needs of the time and if one man could not meet the need, then another would rise up and meet the need. She went on to state that others believe that the personalities of superior men would arise to meet the need.

The behavior approach to leadership became prominent in the 1950s because researchers began to see inconsistencies in the trait approach. They began to observe leaders while they were on the job (Clawson, 2006). Researchers determined there were behavioral differences between effective and ineffective leaders. Kotter (1990)...

YOU MAY ALSO FIND THESE DOCUMENTS HELPFUL

...Public Leadership
Emmett J. Nixon
BPA/406
Karen Amabile
Leadership in itself is the correlation of power and influence put to use to ensure that objectives are met to achieve satisfactory rewards (Rusaw, 2001). However, the main difference between private and public sector leaders is the intended target. The duty of the private sector is to serve its patrons and investors, where profitable business is dependent upon client sales, stakeholders, and its customer base. A leader in the private sector will make decisions based on financial gain and cost-analysis; a public sector leader’s obligation is exclusive to the public to provide essential services and communications in a more visible way. Furthermore, a leader in the public sector may make decisions that are not financially favorable, but are in the interest of the public. As an example, it can be argued that welfare programs are not a beneficial financial investment, but it is in the public interest to invest in these programs.
It is important to note that a definition of public leadership is challenging. One definition of public leadership is an approach to community management or guidance used to integrate and implement the talents and resources that best serve the interests of society. A public sector leader, for instance, acts as an experienced representative of a segment of the public who is passionately and skillfully able to articulate...

...﻿
Strategic leadership
Name:
Institution:
In 21st century, the concept of strategic management has become very important in world of business. Various chief executives always ask themselves on what they can do in order for their companies to become successful and remain dynamic. They have realized if they are to succeed in the modern business world, they have to abandon traditional ways of doing business and adopt new way that will ensure the firms remain competitive. In order for most companies to generate more profit, they have expanded their way of doing business by going global. The internationalization of markets, globalization, and corporations has changed the way modern corporations conduct their business. For enjoying the economies of the scale, the company has to come up with strategy aimed at achieving low prices and low costs. Companies, which need to achieve competitive advantage in modern market, should come up with a global market instead of national markets. With the globalization of more industries, strategic management becomes an important tool in tracking international development and puts a company in a position that ensures long-term competitive advantage. This paper discusses the strategic leadership in strategic management in ensuring that the company achieves competitive advantage in the global market.
Strategic leadership has been identified by many as the key to the success of...

...﻿
Synthesis Paper: Leadership
RES -811
April 22, 2015
Leadership Paper
This paper will create a dialogue concerning the following articles and synthesis them to generate a discussion of the common themes that run throughout them, as well as understanding the conclusion of all three articles when taken as one entity.
Article 1: Fearless Dominance and the U.S. Presidency: Implications of PsychopathicPersonality Traits for Successful and Unsuccessful Political Leadership by S.O. Lilienfeld, I.D. Waldman, K. Landfield, A.L. Watts, S. Rubenzer and T. Faschinbauer.
Article 2: Impact of personal growth projects on leadership identity development by J. Williams.
Article 3: Leadership Styles and AssociatedPersonality Traits: Support for the Conceptualisation of Transactional and Transformational Leadership by R. Van Eeden, F. Cilliers, and V. Van Deventer.
The authors of article 1 discuss research that was conducted regarding maladaptive and adaptive behaviors associated to psychopathy. Psychopathic traits include (but not limited to) poor impulse control, dishonesty, guiltlessness, egocentricity, fearlessness and interpersonal dominance. The focus group was 42 United States presidents starting with George Washington up to George W. Bush. The data used was taken from personality profiles compiled by historical experts and surveys which focus on presidential leadership; as...

...﻿Leadership Skills Development
Course Outline
Good leaders have always been expected to be able to solve new problems, capitalize on new opportunities and navigate through the ever-changing landscape of business.
Leadership is a complex process by which the leader influences others to perform and achieve. The leadership attributes – belief, values, ethics, character, knowledge, and skills – are all traits, which can be learned. This course provides the basis for understanding what leadership is and what leaders do to be successful.
Course Benefits
By the end of this course, participants will be able to:
Be a leader with a vision, not just a manager
Look beyond the leadership stereotypes
Understand Situational Leadership Know thyself
Influence with passion and empower others to act
Increase the performance of your team by setting objectives, expectations and goals
Communicate with confidence and clarity so you are always understood Use creative problem solving & decision making methods
Improve your influence by developing listening and questioning skills Give feedback to inspire greater performance with engagement and buy in
Identify and manage conflict within the team
Appreciate the importance of organization culture and the leader’s role in establishing it
Understand key success factors (KSFs) for successful rollout of Management of Change in dynamic...

...Health Care Leadership Interview
NUR/492: Leadership and Management
July 16, 2012
Instructor Janet Bailie
Health Care Leadership Interview
In 2007, Americans spent 2.2 trillion dollars equaling 16% of national gross domestic product on health care; that is a 14% increase since 2003 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.gov, 2001). As the cost of health care continues to increase, efforts to contain costs has transformed health care to include business strategies such as scrutinizing costs, marketing, and improving patient satisfaction. For a health care organization to withstand the evolving health care market effective leaders are crucial. Leaders who obtain a competitive advantage and recognize opportunities within the dynamic health care market while focusing on the organizational goals contribute to the success of the organization. Home health care has seen a significant increase in growth as a result of shorter hospital stays and Medicare reimbursement changes. Leaders in home health care have an unique opportunity to develop the direction of Home Care. To gain a better understanding of the leadership role and vision of Home Health Care I interviewed the Director of Bayhealth Home Care.
Background of a Health Care Leader
Mrs. B, the Director of Home care plays a vital role in the leadership and management of Home Health Care at Bayhealth. Mrs. B started her health care...

...positive change that improves the company’s bottom line. The Organizational Leadership and Communication Certificate Program focuses on the practical skills professionals need to develop and maintain in order to lead others and be an agent of change.( http://unex.uci.edu/areas/business_mgmt/leadership_comm/)
1 understand what is meant by ‘leadership’ and ‘governance’
Organizational LeadershipLeadership is a significant tache and component for supporting the normal operation of organizations, communities and societies (University of San Francisco 2013)
University of San Francisco, 2013-2014, Programs in Organization and Leadership, viewed 20 March 2014,
http://www.usfca.edu/catalog/soe/ol/L
For giving the services to the others, the functionality of leadership need to be more improved. Thus the definition of the leadership turns into complex and complicated.
In the meanwhile, the world economy becomes integration, and the skills of individuals who managers or leaders are working with are changing. Which demonstrates that the organizations rely on the transformational leadership(DEANNE, DEN & PAUL 2011).
DEANNE, N, DEN & PAUL, K 2011, Leadership in Organizations, Handbook of industrial, Work& Organizational Psychology, SAGE Publications.
Matthew (2009) presents five perspectives of leadership by using the...

...
“Discuss what leadership theory/model you would use as a health care leader and the theory/model you believe is least effective. Explain why the models you’ve selected would or would not work in a healthcare field.”
Among a dozens of leadership theory/models listed in the book of “leadership for health professionals”, I would like to say that Bennis’s competency-based model ofleadership is most effective one in the health care field, while House’s charismatic leadershipmodel” is least one.
Bennis competency-based model has been widely embraced by professional organizations. This model suggests that the skills and tools necessary to lead organizations must be learned-whether through incremental on-the-job training, formal education, or years of professional development. It implies that leaders are made and not simply born. To become chair of any departments of medical division, one cannot effectively hold such a position without years of medical education and a successful practice of medicine because the correct diagnosis and proper treatment for patients are the fundamental goal of all hospitals. The competent leader is a key point to reach this goal. Let’s take the department of pathology and laboratory medicine as an example. The department of pathology has several division including...

...projects and proposes possible solutions to resolve any kind of problems. Leadership, communication abilities, and interpersonal relations complete his profile. The project manager's role requires excellent organizational and methodological skills, but not a deep knowledge of the technical details of the project of which it is responsible, but it must be very familiar with the product, which is also necessary for the success of the project technical skills required for efficient organization of the resources. Also, it is necessary for the PM to take great responsibility in every field of the company like organization, relationships with clients and with his working group. His task is to coordinate the actions and strategies to be implemented for the proper functioning of the business processes. The training of project managers requires, as well as experience in the field, a detailed study of the techniques of project management, problem solving skills, strong leadership qualities, and excellent communication skills (Meredith & Mantel, 2006). All these features are currently vital to meet the needs of consumers, shareholders or customers. Moreover, a project manager is a role suitable for people that know the business environment, and also for those who wish to develop or create new economic situations. Creativity must be the competitive advantage, combined with the desire to succeed and excel.
Importance of Leadership
Today is...