Death row offenders are housed separately from the rest of the prisoners in single-person cells measuring 60 square feet (5.6 m2), with each cell having a window. They do not have recreation individually. Some are allowed to watch television, though this is dependent upon agreeing to work for free, and all have a radio.

Karla Faye Tucker, executed February 3, 1998, was the first woman to be executed in Texas since 1863. The most recent female to be executed was Lisa Coleman, executed on September 17, 2014.

A notable woman in the prison is Yolanda Saldívar, the murderer of Tejano superstar Selena. Saldívar shot and killed her on March 31, 1995 in Selena's hometown of Corpus Christi, Texas. Saldívar is currently serving her sentence of life imprisonment. She will be eligible for parole on March 30, 2025, the day before the 30th anniversary of Selena's murder.

As of 2004 the facility is not signposted from the area main highway.[3]

The prison may hold up to 645 inmates.[6] Ruth Hill of The Observer described the unit as "intimidating," saying that the "bunker-like buildings are punctuated with slit windows and wreathed in wire, with guard towers on every corner".[7] In regards to the name Hill stated "But there is no mountain, and from the prison's death row, there is no view".[7]

Around 2001 several inmates at Mountain View were in a Windham School District effort to translate textbooks into braille.[8] These books are intended for Texas schoolchildren and college and university students. Kevin VonRosenberg, one of the coordinators of the braille program, stated in 2014 that it is a very sought-after inmate positions. Prisoners learn how to use a Perkins Brailler, then use computers to do actual work. The program was established in 1999.[6] This is one of the largest braille programs within an American prison.[9]

The current women's death row is located in a red brick, one story building that first opened in 1985 to house psychiatric patients. The female death row and psychiatric patients together occupy the same building. Plans to renovate the building first occurred in 1995 and renovation began in early 2000. The renovation cost was $95,000.[10]

The building has a day room and a work area along with two rows of cells, with six cells each. One row is designated for women punished in administrative segregation and/or those who do not wish to work, and another row is for women who wish to work. Each cell is 14 feet (4.3 m) by 6 feet (1.8 m). The doors use traditional bars, unlike the men's death row at the Polunsky Unit near Livingston, Texas. The building is air conditioned since it also houses a psychiatric unit.[10] Amy Dorsett of the San Antonio Express-News said that the facility has "gleaming white walls, sun-filled cells and a decorative recreation room".[11] Pam Baggett, the warden of Mountain View, stated in 2000 that the new death row was less "homey" than the previous one.[10]

From the early 1980s to 2000 condemned women were housed in an eight-cell building with an immediately adjacent, combined day room and work area.[10] The communal area had a television and a center for making crafts.[12]Mary Mapes, the author of Truth and Duty: The Press, the President, and the Privilege of Power, wrote that each cell was painted in bright colors and that the cells, which "could have been dorm rooms in a particularly austere college", had cots with "lacy touches", afghans, and "colorful pillows". She added that the death row in general had comfortable seating and was brightly colored.[13]

As of 2004 the female death row inmates may participate in a work program and have limited viewing of a television located outside of their cells.[5] There was no television when the current death row building first opened in 2000.[10] Each death row inmate may have limited association with the other inmates. The women on death row are permitted to knit and sew.[7] As of the 1990s they made dolls for sick children.[12]

The death row inmates use a 50-yard (46 m) by 10-yard (9.1 m) recreation yard with basketball hoops, a tree, and a bench.[10]