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De Ranter (RF MAGIC, US) and Steyaert (KU Leuven, Belgium) describe layout recommendations for complementary steel oxide semiconductor conversation circuits, particularly oscillators and upconverters. The layout instruments defined are according to topology-specific layout templates that may be used as a framework for automating layout approaches.

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The ADSL NT or DTE terminating UNI signaling messages would simply accept that VPI/VCI mapping to the latency path selected. , for motion video on interleave and real-time applications or Internet/Intranet access on fast path). In this case, the ADSL facility would be con®gured for dual latency downstream and single latency upstream. Some telcos, however, are now saying they would like to have dual latency upstream as well: for burst-error-protected Internet/ Intranet and SVC signaling on the interleave path and real-time applications (VoIP or VToA or video conferencing) on the fast path.

Note that there is only a single size for the interleave buffer for all VPI/VCIs that use that path. The buffer depth is chosen to be commensurate with the maximum impulse noise burst expected. It may be on the order of 40 or 50 ms per ADSL link. Therefore, there needs to be a new mechanism to specify the latency path to VPI/VCI mapping for SVCs. 5 for information on ADSL Forum documents. , odd VPI/VCI for fast path; even for interleave path) has yet to be determined by the ADSL or ATM Forums. Once the latency path mapping has been determined, a new ATM layer function must assign each cell to be transmitted to the designated latency path.

2. 996 because the ®tting has been improved since the ITU numbers were ®nalized. 14) are slightly different in form (but not in substance) from Musson's formulas; they use s as the single variable throughout. Musson's argument is that such mutually transformable pairs allow better smoothing of ``noisy'' values corrupted by measurement errors. This would seem to be more important for cables or frequencies for which G is signi®cant and/or C varies with frequency. 10) may be adequate. 2 A Recommendation As DSL systems are deployed more and more, many different cable types will be encountered, and their RLGC parameters will be important to designers.