Abstract Experience is structured by thoughts which are composed of general concepts and conceptions of objects. Both of these elements of thought are rule?governed and rest on norms which are shared by thinkers. Concepts and conceptions of objects as the elements of thoughts whose content is essentially communicable plausibly rest on abilities tied to the use of linguistic terms. This suggests that language plays an active part in structuring human experience and cognition as suggested by both Vygotsky and Luria. The role of language in thought implies that the human brain which is the information processing structure realizing thoughts is itself subject to shaping by the social milieu. Neural network theory suggests that this might proceed via the use of cue stimuli based on the responses of other human beings and, therefore, supports the view that cognitive neuroscience may be radically mistaken in thinking that it can provide an individualistic analysis of human mental life