Ayurveda believes that everything in this
universe is made up of five great elements or building blocks. These are earth, water,
fire, air, and ether.

Earth represents the solid state of matter. It manifests
stability, permanence, and rigidity. In our body, the parts such as bones, teeth, cells, and
tissues are manifestations of the earth. Earth is considered a stable substance.

Water characterizes change and represents the liquid
state. Water is necessary for the survival of all living things. A large part of the human
body is made up of water. Our blood, lymph, and other fluids move between our cells and
through our vessels, bringing energy, carrying away wastes, regulating temperature,
bringing disease fighters, and carrying hormonal information from one area to another.
Water is a substance without stability.

Fire is the power to transform solids into liquids, to
gas, and back again. In other words, it possess power to transform the state of any
substance. Within our bodies, the fire or energy binds the atoms together. It also
converts food to fat (stored energy) and muscle. Fire transforms food into energy. It
creates the impulses of nervous reactions, our feelings, and even our thought processes.
Fire is considered a form without substance.

Air is the gaseous form of matter which is mobile and
dynamic. Within the body, air (oxygen) is the basis for all energy transfer reactions. It
is a key element required for fire to burn. Air is existence without form.

Ether is the space in which everything happens. It is the
field that is simultaneously the source of all matter and the space in which it exists.
Ether is only the distances which separate matter. The chief characteristic of ether is
sound. Here sound represents the entire spectrum of vibration.

Every substance in our world is made up of
these five substances. All substances can be classified according to their predominant
element. For example, a mountain is predominantly made up of earth element. A mountain
also contain water, fire, air and ether. But these elements are very small compared to the
earth. So, its classification is the earth.

Ayurveda defines a human as the assemblage
of the five great elements plus the "immaterial self."