Vosough-o- Dowleh and restoration of national sovereignty in the province of MazandaranMostafaNooriMA, History, National Library and Archives of Iranauthortextarticle2015perPurpose: During the time of office of Prime Minister Hasan Vosough-o-Dowleh (1873-1950), sovereignty of the central government in Mazandaran was endangered by the actions of the local landlords. This paper investigates the measures taken by the prime minister to restore national sovereignty in the province. Method/Research Design: this study is based on documents available in different archives and families, as well as press reports of the time. Findings: The prime minster had some success in disarming the landlords and sending them to exile in the early months after the appointment of Zahir-o- Dowleh as the governor. However, the infamous 1919 pact with the British Empire gave the pretext to some landlords (like Amir Moayed and his sons, who had taken refuge in Savad Kouh mountains) to resist the central government in the name of opposition to the 1919 pact.Ganjine-ye Asnadسازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکده اسناد1023-365225

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2015627http://ganjineh.nlai.ir/article_649_31c36ef11798ca51814f6a4a605a9711.pdfThe Organization and Form of Qajarid Army RecordsMahdiKhanizadehMA, Iranian Studies Codicology and Restoration of manuscripts, Imam Reza International UniversityauthorAbolfazlHasanabadiPhD, Local History, The organization of Museums, Libraries and Document Centre of Astan Quds Razaviauthortextarticle2015perPurpose: To report on the organization of military documents during the Qajarid era. Methodology: Data gathered from a collection of 10,000 sheets of military documents generated from 1847 to 1924 held in the Astan Quds Razavi Archives. Findings: Production of the documents follows bureaucratic rules and orders. The collection is divided into four sections of cavalry, infantry, artillery and armory, which were sub-sections of a larger pyramid. Ganjine-ye Asnadسازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکده اسناد1023-365225

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20152851http://ganjineh.nlai.ir/article_650_0d82c194dedc88d79cf0e9753744d8ab.pdfThe Kalhor Tribe Succession Conflicts
(1868-1902)HooriehSaeediMA, History, National Library and Archives of IranauthorMotallebMotallebiPhD, History, National Library and Archives of Iranauthortextarticle2015perPurpose: To report conflicts of leadership and succession among the powerful members of the Kurdish tribe of Kalhor in the western territory of Kermanshahan during the years 1868 to 1902. Method/Research Design: Data was collected and analyzed from archival sources, manuscripts, and local newspapers. Findings: Powerful claimants on the one hand, and attempts of Kermanshah governors of the time to appoint their relatives to the leadership of the tribe on the other hand, were the main sources of conflict. Governors were keen to appoint those who were close to them to ensure systematic and timely tax collection. This led to violent reactions from the other side and from their followers in the tribe. Ganjine-ye Asnadسازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکده اسناد1023-365225

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20155269http://ganjineh.nlai.ir/article_651_ecc402790ded10c12236a4f1febd9139.pdfThe policy of banning the hijab in Fars province during the time of Reza Shah: state's programs vs people resistanceMohammad AliRanjbarAssistant Professor, History, Shiraz Universityauthortextarticle2015perPurpose: This paper studies events following the announcement of the mandatory discard of the hijab by women during the years 1935- 1938. First, the government programs and undertakings, then the resistance shown by people, is reported. Method/Research Design: Investigation is based on archival records. Findings: The program in the region started by promoting voluntary abandonment of the hijab, but ended with threats and forcible removal of the hijab by the police in public. As a result, resistance by people was both passive (women avoiding appearing in the public) as well as active (by resisting restrictions). Religion and tradition were instrumental in undermining the policy. Ganjine-ye Asnadسازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکده اسناد1023-365225

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20157095http://ganjineh.nlai.ir/article_652_3545c1c7e350f05d33733a350ce025b4.pdfExamining the Techniques Used in a Large Format Photograph of Ahmad Shah Qajar Using Device AnalysisMarziehSeyyedahmadiMA, Conservation and Restoration of Cultural and Historical ArtefactsauthorKorosSamanianPhD, Conservation and Restoration of Cultural and Historical Artefacts, Tehran University of Artauthortextarticle2015perPurpose: To explore the technique used in a large (140*50 cm) paper photograph of Ahmad Shah Qajar. This is the first time that the technique of large format photograph of the Qajar era has been studied using device analysis. Method/Research Design: Mixed methodology is used, including laboratory methods like X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), wet chemistry and microscopic examination. Findings: The technique used in the photograph is Collodion. According to the electron microscope and the presence of thin layer of barium sulfate under the emulsion, the photo is a kind of opaque Collodion with gold spectroscopy. Results from X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) show that white lead is used in retouching the hat and pencil in improving the quality of the face, hat and collar of the king's clothes.Ganjine-ye Asnadسازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکده اسناد1023-365225

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201596113http://ganjineh.nlai.ir/article_653_9a39152d1d5a00182339d055b85c761b.pdfTraditional vs modern paper restoration in IranMozhdehRoohi AziziM.A in Conservation & Restoration Historical Objects, Amir Kabir FoundationauthorAbdolrasoulVatandoustAssistant Professor, Department Of Conservation & Restoration Historical Objects, Islamic Azad UniversityauthorHamidMalekianM.A in Conservation & Restoration Historical Objects, The Islamic Consultative Libraryauthortextarticle2015perPurpose: Characteristics of traditional restoration of manuscripts are discussed and compared with modern techniques. It seems that differences come from the contrasting approaches, as well as the materials used by the two groups of restorers. The most important challenge in paper document restoration is to choose systematic methods and use suitable and permanent materials for best result. Methodology / research design: L library materials as well as direct observation were used to collect data Results and conclusion: Differences of opinion continues between traditional and modern restorers. Applying traditional techniques requires a degree of manipulation of the document being restored. This is kept at the minimum level when modern techniques are used. According to the experts, Herbal glue is the best material for paper restoration because it has maintained its quality after centuries. However, its yellowish color is a problem. Combining the old and the new techniques brings the best results, provided there is experience and knowledge of both. Ganjine-ye Asnadسازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکده اسناد1023-365225

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2015114127http://ganjineh.nlai.ir/article_654_0fde6813047308464a83cf3d78a2e2e9.pdfThe effects of additives on Iranian ink: henna and saltZahraSoltaniM.A, Restoration of Cultural & Historical Objects, Esfahan University of ArtauthorHamidFarahmand BorojaniPh.D Student, Restoration of Cultural & Historical Objects, Esfahan University of ArtauthorAbbasAbed EsfahaniIslamic Azad University, Khoraskaan, EsfahanauthorHosseinAhmadiAssistant Professor, Restoration of Cultural & Historical Objects, Esfahan University of Artauthortextarticle2015perPurpose: Among the methods of writing and calligraphy, ink had a special value to Iranian writers and calligraphers: one fourth of the beauty of handwriting was deemed to belong to ink. Unfortunately, excessive use of low quality materials, inaccurate processing, lack of knowledge, or in some cases, jobbery has put valuable works of calligraphy in serious danger of distortion, mold growth, and color bleeding. This study examines the effects of adding henna and salt to the traditional ink. Our aim has been to answer the these two questions: 1) How far does salt and henna extract prevent the growth of mold? 2) Do they enhance the stability of ink on the paper? Method/Research Design: We produced seven samples of black ink, made according to old manuals. We then implemented accelerated aging processes on the samples, using light, mold, and temperature tests. Measurement of the result was carried out by a pH-meter and a colorimeter. Findings: Laboratory studies showed that not only does henna have colorific properties but it also prevents the growth of mold in both liquid or dry ink on paper. However, the density of henna affects the germicide property of ink. It is notable that because of the acidic nature of henna, a substantial amount of it (equal to 14 gram) leads to ink pallor and cellulose erosion and destruction. In addition, the minimum amount of salt (equal to 1 gram) helps the stability and durability of ink, as well as prevention of mold. It also controls the erosion and destruction of the cellulose.Ganjine-ye Asnadسازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران- پژوهشکده اسناد1023-365225