Which of the following locations of a stroke is most likely to lead to an impaired ability to communicate verbally with family members?

A. Right occipital lobe

B. Left occipital lobe

C. Right frontal lobe

D. Left frontal lobe

E. Right temporal lobe

B

A patient has a complete spinal cord injury and presents with no sensation or movement of their lower body and legs, impaired bladder and bowel function, but has normal upper limb function and trunk control. Where is their lesion most likely to be?

A. C2

B. C6

C. T4

D. L2

E. S1

D

An embolus that lodges in the right middle cerebral artery is most likely to cause

A. left sided hemiplegia of the arm and face

B. left sided hemiplegia of the leg and trunk

C. loss of sensation from the right arm and face

D. speech difficulties and altered personality

E. loss of sensation from the left leg and trunk

Which of the following statements about the basal ganglia is NOT correct?

• The internal indirect pathway facilitates movement

• The basal ganglia receives information from the supplementary motor area via the thalamus

• Dopamine facilitates the internal direct pathway

• In Parkinson's disease the overall inhibitory output of the basal ganglia is increased

A

The cerebellum is involved in one type of learning called [x] learning. [y] learning involves rote learning and does not involve the cerebellum

X - Procedural

Y - Declarative

The anterior cerebral artery. It supplies the parts of the brain that control logical thought, personality, and voluntary movement, especially the legs. True or false

True

A patient has a lesion in their vestibulocerebellum. What are some of the problems you might expect to see?

• Reduction in upper back and neck extensor tone used to maintain an upright position

• Loss of sensation in both legs

• Severe limb weakness

• Difficulty controlling eye movements

D

The classic symptoms of Huntington's disease include

• Hypertonia, tremor, athetosis

• Chorea, shuffling steps, akinesia

• Hypertonia, dementia, chorea

• Hypotonia, athetosis, chorea

C

You are discussing a new patient with the occupational therapist on your ward. The occupational therapist tells you that Mrs Art has right hemiplegia affecting her leg, arm and face, and is having difficulty understanding language. Where is the lesion?

• Middle cerebral artery, Non-dominant lobe

• Middle cerebral artery, Dominant lobe

Posterior cerebral artery

• Anterior cerebral artery

B

The posterior cerebral arteries extend from the internal carotid artery and supply the temporal and occipital lobes. True or false

False

The middle cerebral artery supplies a portion of the frontal lobe and the lateral surface of the temporal and parietal lobes. True or false

True

Which cranial nerves work synergistically to coordinate eye movement?

• I-Olfactory, II-Optic, IV-Abducens

• III-Oculomotor, IV-Trochlear, VI-Abducens

• VI-Abducens, IX-Glossopharyngeal, XI-Accessory, XII-Hypoglossal

• I-Olfactory, VII-Facial, IX-Glossopharyngea

• II-Optic, IV-Trochlear, V-Trigeminal, VI-Abducens

B

Damage to the ventral horn of the spinal cord is purely an example of an upper motor neuron lesion (UMNL)