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The Federal Reserve kept interest rates unchanged on Wednesday and pointed to solid US economic growth and a strengthening labor market while playing down the impact of recent hurricanes, a sign it is on track to lift borrowing costs again in December.

PHOTO: REUTERS

[WASHINGTON] The Federal Reserve kept interest rates unchanged on Wednesday and pointed to solid US economic growth and a strengthening labor market while playing down the impact of recent hurricanes, a sign it is on track to lift borrowing costs again in December.

Investors had all but ruled out a rate hike at the central bank's policy meeting this week and attention has largely been focused on who will be in charge of monetary policy at the end of Fed Chair Janet Yellen's first term in February 2018.

President Donald Trump is set to announce his nomination on Thursday afternoon with Fed Governor Jerome Powell, a soft-spoken centrist who has supported Yellen's gradual approach to raising rates, seen as having a lock on the job.

"The labour market has continued to strengthen and ... economic activity has been rising at a solid rate despite hurricane-related disruptions," the Fed's rate-setting committee said in a statement after its unanimous policy decision.

US Treasury yields and short-term interest rate futures were little changed after the release of the statement, while federal fund futures put the odds of a December rate hike at about 98 per cent, according to CME Group's FedWatch program.

The US dollar pared gains against a basket of currencies and the S&P 500 index rose slightly.

"It confirms a December move," said Gregory Daco, chief US economist at Oxford Economics in New York. "If we get a confirmation that Trump picks Powell tomorrow, it's a sign that monetary policy will continue on its current course that we have seen so far this year with gradual normalization."

The Fed has raised rates twice this year and currently forecasts another nudge upwards in its benchmark lending rate from its current target range of 1.00 per cent to 1.25 per cent by the end of 2017.

BALANCE SHEET REDUCTION

Fed policymakers have been buoyed in recent months by a stronger global and domestic economy and further tightening in the labour market, although they are divided over the causes and duration of the current weakness in inflation.

The Fed's preferred inflation measure sits at 1.3 per cent after retreating further from the central bank's 2 per cent target for much of the year.

Nevertheless, Ms Yellen and some other key policymakers have said the Fed still expects to continue to gradually raise rates given the strength of the overall economy.

In its statement, the central bank reiterated it expects inflation to rise back to its target over the medium term and emphasised that the unemployment rate has declined further.

US financial conditions remain loose, strengthening the argument that another rate rise would not slow the current brisk growth. The government reported last week that the economy grew at a 3.0 per cent annual rate in the third quarter.

A decline in hiring in September has largely been dismissed as a blip caused by the temporary displacement of workers due to Hurricanes Harvey and Irma. That jobs report showed wages growing at an improved pace and the unemployment rate falling to more than a 16-1/2-year low of 4.2 per cent.

A strong rebound in job gains is anticipated when the Labour Department releases its October nonfarm payrolls report on Friday.

The Fed also said on Wednesday it was proceeding with the reduction of its US$4.2 trillion in holdings of Treasury bonds and mortgage-backed securities, a process which began in October.

New Fed Governor Randal Quarles, Mr Trump's first appointee to the central bank, voted at this week's policy meeting. The Republican president could fill at least three more open vacancies on the Fed's seven-member board in the coming months.

The central bank is scheduled to hold its final policy meeting of the year on Dec 12-13.