Integrated Research Advanceshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira
Integrated Research Advances is a multidisciplinary journal for publication of research, designs, concepts and innovation advances by the scholars from all branches of science and technology.en-USIntegrated Research Advances2456-334X

Isolation and screening of thermophilic lignolytic bacterial strains for lignin degrading enzymeshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/715
<p>In the present investigation, total twenty two thermophilic lignolytic bacterial cultures were isolated from various sources using Nutrient Agar (NA) and Minimal Salt Medium (MSM) medium with Lignin Alkali (1.0 g/L) by incubating at pH 7 and 50°C for 48 hrs. These isolates were characterized by special reference to their ability towards wide temperature, pH resilience and generation of thermophilic enzymes. For the screening and studying lignin degrading potential, these microbes were grown on MSM agar plates with Methylene Blue dye (0.25g/L). After the incubation time of 48 hrs, these plates were observed for clear (halo) zones form around the streaked strain. Only 5 strains were showing such clear (halo) zones which indicates their potential for degrading lignin. These screened isolates were then used for further experimental work. </p>Pankaj SharmaSunita KumariMonika BishnoiSohan LalNarsi R Bishnoi
Copyright (c) 2018 Integrated Science Publications
2018-02-032018-02-03512629Assessment of Water Quality using Pollution-Index in the study stretch of River Chambal, Indiahttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/732
<div><table width="640" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" height="175"><p class="Cbltwocolumngraphics">The present study is intended to ascertain the quality of water for public consumption and other life supporting activities by way of assessing pollution indices such as Carlson’s trophic state index (C-TSI), eutrophication index (EI), organic pollution index (OPI) and comprehensive pollution index (CPI).The study has been carried out for ten different sites in River Chambal of Madhya Pradesh, India, during pre and post-monsoon 2014. This paper deals with the study on – “How environmental parameters impacts/affects the quality of river water”. In this study, four pollution indices have been determined on the basis of 16physico-chemical parameters, which indicates that the River Chambal comes under the category of clear (CPI&lt;0.8), oligotrophic (C-TSI&lt;30-40), no eutrophication (EI&lt;1) and excellent water quality (OPI&lt;0). Results also show that the river water is suitable for irrigation and life supporting for flora and fauna. With slight treatment, the water can be made available for drinking as well. The present study shows that EI and OPI index are the best parameters to assess water quality since it gives precise results based on four water quality parameters.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>Naresh Singh YadavAmit KumarSaurabh MishraShubhra Singhal
Copyright (c) 2018 Integrated Science Publications
2018-02-032018-02-03512025Comprehensive Review on Enabling Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) in Diesel Engineshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/758
<p>The demand for higher fuel economy and lower exhaust gas emissions of CI engine cannot be achieved by just using mechanically governed fuel injection systems. The electronically operated fuel injection system is the heart of a CI engine and has become one of the essential technologies to control critical in the recent years. High computing power of microcontrollers has made it possible for controlling injection of fuel electronically at any injection pressure, any crank angle and for any duration during the engine operation. A newer concept of RCCI operation further reduces the particulate matter and NOx emission to almost zero level with slightly higher BTE. Hence, there is a need to discuss the performance, combustion and emission of RCCI engine fuelled with alternative fuels and this paper presents an exhaustive review on these aspects. </p>Praveen Adappa Harari
Copyright (c) 2018 Integrated Science Publications
2017-12-222017-12-2251519Ecology of supramolecular entities of antibiotics (SMEAs), on-demand controlled guest capture and release systems: tuning spacer and polarities in abiotic and biotic factorshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/766
Earlier reported supramolecular entities of antibiotics (SMEAs) synthesized from various antibiotic drugs were tested to find out their antimicrobial properties i.e. Antibacterial activity against <em>Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>), and Antifungal activity against <em>Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavis and Candida glaberata</em>), and showed varying degree of percentage inhibition. Antibiotics medications no longer respond to antifungal and antibacterial infections, proposed SMEAs designed to get rid of it. The anti-fungal activity experiments are difficult due to slow growth of fungi and resemblance to host activity. The SMEAs assimilation through molecular mechanisms on microbes was explored through computational models and found suitable as potential antimicrobial agents against different microbes. The assimilation properties are dependent on their good adsorptive ability and that’s because of the interactions that occurred between microbial and backbones of SMEAs.Rajiv KumarTanya ChauhanAnil KumarParashuram Mishra
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publications
2017-12-222017-12-22516168A literature Review on physiotherapeutic interventions for airway clearance in COPD patientshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/543
<p class="nslAbsbox">Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is internationally preferred term encompassing chronic bronchitis, asthma and emphysema. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow obstruction with breathing-related symptoms such as chronic cough, exertional dyspnea, expectoration, and wheeze. These symptoms may occur in conjunction with airway hyper responsiveness and may be partially reversible. Obstructive lung disease includes Chronic bronchitis, Emphysema, Asthma, Bronchiectasis and Cystic fibrosis. The result of the present narrative review concluded the effectiveness of Active cycle of breathing technique, Diaphragmatic breathing exercise along with Postural drainage in Chronic Obstructive lung disease in order to achieve the significant improvement and hasten the recovery of the patients.</p>Monika Moitra
Copyright (c) 2018 Integrated Research Advances
2017-11-032017-11-035114A Comparative study on Glucose Levels in Serum and Saliva of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Healthy Individuals at Mullana Areahttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/684
<p>The present study intends to compare and correlate serum &amp; salivary glucose level in healthy &amp; diabetic individuals. A total of 500 subjects were examined, of which 429 were healthy &amp; 71 were confirmed diabetics. Post–prandial blood and salivary samples were analyzed. Mann-Whitney test using Pearson correlation was applied, which was statistically significant (P &lt; .001). To conclude, glucose concentration in saliva is higher in diabetics than in healthy individuals. Moreover the changes in serum glucose concentration are followed by the changes in salivary glucose concentration. Thus saliva can be used as an adjunct diagnostic tool in diabetes mellitus.</p>Sonam BhallaAsha KaradwalSwati RoyVivek Dahiya
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publications
2017-08-272017-08-27515760Zirconium Antimonoarsanotungstate Zr[SbAsW]: Synthesis and Characterizationhttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/639
<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> In the present research work we concentrated on the structure elucidation of new hetero polyacid salts: Zirconium Antimonoarsanotungstate Zr[SbAsW] salt synthesized at variable pH using sol-gel route. An instrumental technique, FTIR was used to assign the structural aspects to the compound. Physical characterization involves the determination of ion exchange capacity and maximum value for this parameter is 0.40mg/eq. Distribution coefficient values showed that the synthesized compound is preferentially selective for Cu<sup>2+</sup> ion. Membrane composition where ZrSbAsW was 40% showed linearity in the range of 1.0x10<sup>-4</sup> M to 1.0x10<sup>-1</sup> M with a slope of 20.0 mV/decade taking 10-<sup>1</sup> M as an internal solution. Above instrumental and analytical studies gave a picture of Cu<sup>2+ </sup>selective electron-active moiety to the synthesized compound.</p>Nadeem SharmaHarish Kumar SharmaPernita DogaraRitu Ritu
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publications
2017-08-272017-08-27515356Chemistry of Oxomolybdenum compounds having Schiff baseshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/644
Schiff base compounds are excellent ligands due to their rich coordination chemistry with transition metal ions. This paper consists the study of the coordination compounds of dioxomolybdenum(VI) ions with different Schiff bases. These coordination compounds have wide applications in agricultural, industrial and pharmaceutical chemistry. These coordination compounds have been characterized on the basis of various physio-chemical techniques like IR, mass, reflectance, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, X-ray and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Thermal techniques such as TGA and DTA are also used for the study of these compounds.Dinesh KumarJyoti SharmaGeeta G
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publications
2017-06-252017-06-25514752Health benefits of symbiotics: A reviewhttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/687
Prebiotic and probiotics when used simultaneously are termed as symbiotic. Various prebiotics like fructooligosaccharide, inulin, polysaccharides are there in the in the market also they are obtained from the natural origin like leeks, onions, garlic, aloe-vera, wheat, asparagus, jerusalem artichoke and chicory. Probiotics includes various lactobacillus and bifidobacterium strains and certain yeast like saccharomyces boluradi. These products confer health benefits to the hosts when taken in adequate amounts. Normal dose for probiotics depends upon number of colony formed by the microorganism in the region where it is required to be used. There are certain beneficial effects which includes treatment of various types of diarrhea, hyperlipidemia, irritable bowel syndrome, colon cancers etc.Himanshu PrajapatiRamraj ChoudharyShalinee JainDharmendra Jain
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publications
2017-06-252017-06-25514046Women empowerment in science and technology- An essential approach for strong nation buildinghttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/633
<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Women empowerment refers to increasing the spiritual, political, social or economic strength of women in diversified streams. It involves the empowered developing confidence in their capacities. It’s a multidimensional social process that helps women to gain control over their own lives and give contribution in strong nation building by their knowledge and skills in various fields of science and technology. Women are becoming aware of their rights and trying best to improve and upgrading their intellectualism &amp; positive value assertion to create own definition of herself and view herself as a complete human being with strong liberal values without any gender discrimination. Science and Technology have been an integral part of Indian civilization and culture. Over the years Indian women have overcome the traditional mind-sets and have excelled in professions like teaching, medicine, engineering, information technology, biotechnology, nuclear science, space science and many such specialized fields in the domain of science and technology. Their contribution to socio-economic development as employer and employee, getting recognized and honored in public, private sectors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> In a related way, attention to women's concerns has helped to reveal the value of cognitive diversity in the scientific process. The human intellectual repertoire consists of many styles and many ways of organizing the production of knowledge. The scientific method can be enhanced by our appreciation of the wealth of intellectual resources to be gained by valuing and promoting cognitive diversity.</p>Monika Moitra
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publications
2017-04-282017-04-28513739http://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/608
<p>Energy is the basic stamina for economic growth of any country and also it carries same weightage to keep the environment free from pollution for the better health of all human beings. So to harness energy it is very much necessary to be depend on renewable energy instead of conventional fuels which conjointly helps to reduce emissions, increase human welfare in terms of self-entrepreneurship, avoiding foreign exchange by reduced consumption of petrol, diesel, CNG, LPG, nuclear fuel etc. among many available energy sources biogas also carries the high importance. Production, purification and storing of biogas at high pressure in cylinders can be made utilized in automobile sectors and also for the electrification in the rural areas. In the present study, an experimental work had been carried out to analyze the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine by varying the injection timing, carburetor type, EGR when fuelled with Diesel–CBG and ROME–CBG at 80% and 100% load. From the test results it was observed that, maximum brake thermal efficiency, maximum peak pressure and lower emissions were found at 27° bTDC injection timing, carburetor type-2 (CRB2) and 10% EGR.</p>Praveen A HarariArun Pattanashetti
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publications
2017-04-182017-04-18512936Analysis of various iron nanoparticles and compounds in pulp & paper mill waste water treatmenthttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/535
<p class="05Abstracttext">The pulp and paper industry waste water is characterized by dark color, foul odour, high organic content &amp; extreme quantities of COD, BOD &amp; chlorinated compounds. These impurities removed by chemical precipitation using ferric chloride and iron nanoparticles. Today iron nanoparticles used for detection and removal of chemical and biological substances include metals, nutrients and chlorinated organic compounds. Iron nanoparticles reveal good result than other chemical techniques used in pulp and paper mill effluent treatment. Iron nanoparticles are widely used in contaminated with chlorinated organic compounds. In present study two samples of pulp &amp; paper mill effluent treated with FeCl<sub>3</sub> &amp; iron nanoparticles. It was observed that the concentration of FeCl<sub>3</sub> in the sample was high but treatment was less effective while the concentration of iron nanoparticles used in other sample was very low but the treatment was very effective. Iron nanoparticles are highly reactive because of their large surface area, In the presence of oxygen &amp; water they rapidly oxidize to form free iron ions and this treatment process is environmental friendly.</p>Pratibha SinghNupoor SrivastavaPrashant Singh
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publications
2017-03-272017-03-27512428Experimental investigation on the performance and emission characteristics of compression ignition engine fuelled with various blends of Water Melon biodieselhttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/572
In the present study, an experimental work had been carried out to analyze the performance and emission characteristics of compression ignition engine fuelled with various blends of Water melon biodiesel. The engine tests are conducted on kirloskar, 5.2 kW, 4-stroke, single cylinder, 1500 rpm, water cooled, direct injection diesel engine with eddy current dynamometer with injection timing 23° bTDC and injection pressure 210 bar were maintained constant throughout the experiment. Different blends of biodiesel such as B0, B20, B40, B60, B80 and B100 are prepared to analyze the performance and emission characteristics. From the test results, it could be observed that among different blends B20 blend showed very close performance with the neat diesel.Praveen A Harari
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Research Advances
2017-02-042017-02-04511823Synthesis and antibacterial studies of 3-substituted chromone derivatives.http://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/604
<p>A series of 3-substituted chromone derivatives have been synthesized. All of the synthesized compounds have been characterized from their spectral data and tested their antibacterial activity against both gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacteria. The activity results revealed that all the compounds examined displayed good activity against all the pathogenic bacterial strains studied with zone of inhibition 16-20 mm and MIC values in the range of 50–100 µg/mL as compared to the standard used. </p>Savita ChahalKrishan Kumar SelwalSonia Nain
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publications
2016-12-072016-12-07511417River formation dynamics routing protocol for wireless mesh networkhttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/523
Routing in WMNs is the very critical component because of its dynamic nature. The routing rules enlarged for WMNs and build it self -organized system. We have to find the smallest near path evaluation within a specified time. Thus, requiring some nature inspired approaches which provide “good enough” results in a reasonable computing time. Basically in this paper proposes a Cost Evaluation module for integrated cost measurement in terms of some parameters. These parameters comprises per node as well as per flow parameters. We apply River Formation Dynamics approach based on nature inspired computing to evaluate shortest distance near paths. RFD is executed using Network Simulator (NS2). The performance results of this approach are compared with the AODV and DSR. The conclusion reveals that RFD technique performs better than AODV and DSR.Sharad SharmaNitisha Gupta
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-10-042016-10-0451913Spectrophotometric determination of Vanadium(V) in traces using solvent extraction techniquehttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/533
<p>A simple, rapid, sensitive and selective extractive method of spectrophotometric determination of vanadium(V) using 6-chloro-3-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4<em>H</em>-1-benzopyran (CHMPB) as a new complexing reagent has been developed. A 1:2 yellow V(V) – CHMPB complex is formed at 425 nm in CH<sub>3</sub>COOH medium which is extractable into toluene and is stable for more than 6 hrs. The formed complex shows Beer’s law validity in the range 0.0-2.4 µg V ml<sup>-1</sup> with a molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity of 1.73 x 10<sup>4</sup> l mol<sup>-1</sup> cm<sup>-1</sup> and 0.0033 µg V cm<sup>-2</sup>, respectively at 425 nm. The method has good reproducibility , is free from the interference of a large numbers of elements and applied successfully to various synthetic and industrial samples including reverberatory flue dust and water samples.</p>Anju LatharShahbaj AkhtarSonia NainRajesh AgnihotriNivedita Agnihotri
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-10-042016-10-045158Effect of Nano filler on PEO based polymer electrolytes for energy storage devices applicationshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/549
Ionically conducting solid polymer films have been utilized in many energy related sectors like high energy density solid polymer batteries, PEM fuel cells, and super capacitors, etc.In the present study, we report innovative study on the prepared high quality solid state free standing thin polymeric separator. In prepared free standing polymeric separator, polymer (PEO) has been used as host matrix; appropriate bulky anion salt (NaClO<sub>4</sub>) as conducting species and nano ceramic filler (BaTiO<sub>3</sub>) is used to enrich the mechanical and thermal stability of separator used for the device applications. The Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) result has been analysed properly of the prepared materials to look the microscopic interaction among polymer-ion, ion-ion and polymer-ion-filler interaction. Electrical conductivity results has been recorded using the impedance spectroscopy results which gives the estimated value of the order of ~10<sup>-4</sup> Scm<sup>-1</sup> of the nano ceramic doped polymeric separator which is desirable for energy storage application. A fine correlation has been established between the electrical conductivity and FTIR results analysisA. L. SharmaP. K. SharmaA. K. SharmaM. Sadiq
Copyright (c) 2017 Integrated Science Publications
2016-09-072016-09-075114Spectral analysis, XRPD, quantum structures and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of supramolecular topologies of Bi(V) and Co(II) metal based antibiotic drugs complexeshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/650
Supramolecular topologies of OMC-Bi(V) and OMC-Co(II) were derived from antibiotic drugs i.e. tetracycline and amoxicillin. To find out coordination sites in organic metal complexes; therefore, several techniques were used spectral analysis (electronic, vibrational, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, and TOF-MS), physiochemical investigations (elemental analyses, X-ray powder diffraction) and molecular modeling, revealed coordination modes between Bi(V) and Co(II) of L, and ML entirely within moiety OMCs and specifically molecular modeling findings to predict accurately existed bond distance and bond angles. Quantum structures of OMC-Bi(V) and OMC-Co(II) were derived by molecular modeling. The electronic spectrum of OMC-Bi(V) and OMC-Bi(V) showed different transitions corresponding to five and four-coordinate arrangements. XRPD and molecular modeling were also provided information related to fitness of metal and their bonding ability to organic framework and crystal system. XRPD spectral data were used to calculate cell dimension and other parameters lattice parameters for OMC-Bi(V) and OMC-Co(II). Bi-L1; a = 15.95464 (A),b = 15.95464 (A),c = 16.47710 (A),a = 90.00°,b = 90.00°,,g = 120.00° and Co-L2 ; a = 14.27390 (A),b = 14.27390 (A), c = 9.51192 (A), a = 90.00°, b = 99.000°, g = 120.00°. Particle size (nm) was also calculated for OMC-Bi(V) and OMC-Co(II) and found 11.66 nm and 10.09 nm respectively. Molecular modeling provided better understanding related to arrangements of atoms in crystal systems. Electron set for bonding groups presented in ligands moieties display extensive biological activity that may be responsible for increase in hydrophobic character and liposolubility of supramolecular topologies of OMC-Bi(V) and OMC-Co(II) ultimately enhanced biological activity.Rajiv KumarParashuram Mishra
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publications
2016-09-052016-09-05516979Termite Colony Optimization Based Routing In Wireless Mesh Networkshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/511
With the advancement in wireless technologies WMN has become key component of the next generation wireless network technologies. Due to the dynamically changing network conditions finding paths in the networks have become a challenging issue for their implementation. In this paper we propose a nature inspire swarm intelligence based soft computing technique called Termite Colony Optimization, for solving network path optimization problems. TCO takes its inspiration from natural termite’s mound building behaviour based on the pheromone gradient. It is a meta-heuristic technique. TCO is effective at calculating minimum cost path when run for definite iterations, thus optimizes network performance.Sharad SharmaAsha Malik
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Research Advances
2016-07-052016-07-05515661Synthesis and characterization of polymeric hydrogels for drug preparation and its release studyhttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/507
The objective of this research is preparation of novel starch based hydrogel polymer. First extracted starch from the potato and purified. The etherification of starch was done by using mono chloro propionic acid. This improved controlled drug release property of etherified starch, the prepared gel have high water holding capacity, biocompatible and biodegradable on grafting with monomers 3-(acryloyloxy) 2-hydroxypropyle (2, 3- dihydroxypropyle) succinate monomer and 2-(acryloyloxy) propanoic acid resulted in etherified starch polymer matrix (hydrogel). The resulting hydrogel was used as drug carrier with loading a specific drug. The structure of hydrogel was conformed by using SEM and FTIR. Mass spectra for monomer reaction formation. 13C NMR of monomer for structure conformation. The results obtained in this research work clearly indicated improved drug life in the body for long period of time compared to ordinary drug.Nisarg K PrajapatiN.K. PatelVijay Kumar Sinha
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-07-042016-07-04516268Hemodynamic responses to isometric handgrip exercise in young adults with varying body mass indexhttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/489
<p class="nslAbsbox">Background: The cardiovascular responses to static exercise depend on exercise intensity i.e. percentage of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and muscle mass involved. It has been seen that the cardiovascular responses is directly proportional to the % MVC used during static activity. Objective: To assess and compare the hemodynamic responses to isometric handgrip exercise among young adults of different BMI. Methods/Design-The subjects were asked to perform isometric handgrip exercise with their dominant hand, at maximum voluntary contraction. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (SBP and DBP) responses were recorded immediately just before the release of hand pressure. Following isometric activity, post exercise- HR and BP responses were recorded at 1 min, 3min and 5 min. Similar procedure was repeated with non- dominant and combined hand after giving a rest period of 10 minutes between each activity. Conclusion: Isometric activities impose the cardiovascular stress, by providing an excessive pressure overload on the heart. Therefore, the cardiovascular responses elicited during the isometric activities helps to assess the cardiac function.</p><p> </p>Khushboo PuriMonika MoitraHimanshu Puri
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-06-222016-06-22515355Computational fluid flow analysis of elasto hydro-dynamic lubrication journal bearinghttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/373
In Elasto hydro dynamic lubrication occurs when a lubricant is introduce between the load carrying surfaces that are in rolling contact such as mating gears or bears. A lubricant presents metal to metal contact and the stability of surfaces can be determined by fluid dynamic laws. It is necessary to determination of bearing used under high loading condition in situation like engines which otherwise neglected therefore hydrodynamic lubrication analysis of journal bearing plays an important role in study of journal bearing, the relation between determination and oils film pressure on a journal bearing surface can be determined using structural analysis. A computational flow analysis gives a film pressure in this project the journal bearing are analyzed for Elasto hydro dynamic model using fluid structure interaction and computational fluid dynamic approaches, the analysis is carried out using SAE20W oil for different eccentricity values length to diameter ratio of 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4. The pressure field obtained from fluid dynamics is used in structural analysis to determine the displacement and stresses occurring in mating surfaces. Laminar steady flow is considering in fluid dynamics and aluminum, is considered as material in structural analysis. The CFD results are tested against analytical results before parametric study carried out. As length to diameter ratio increases from 2.0 to 2.4 the pressure values for lubricating using SAE20W oil increases from 3.3 bars to 3.6 bars respectively. It is observed that for increases in L/D ratio from 2.0 to 2.4 displacement values increases from 0.0098m to 0.014m and stresses increases 29.24 to 36.65 N/m<sup>2</sup>.Manojkumar Naganath UdgireVenkatesh M Kulkarni
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publications
2016-06-222016-06-22514752Evidence-based Physiotherapy- Self reported attitude and belief among physiotherapists: A cross-sectional studyhttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/482
<div><p class="05Keyword"><strong>Background:</strong> Evidence Based Practice is considered to be an essential component of clinical service delivery in healthcare. EBP is an outgrowth of evidence based medicine. Though there is increased awareness but still much has to be done. Many physical therapist professional organizations have identified EBP as priority.</p><p class="05Keyword"><strong>Purpose of the study:</strong> To describe Physiotherapist’s self-reported Attitude and believe about Evidence based practice.<strong> </strong></p><p class="05Keyword"><strong>Method/Design: </strong>This study has been carried out as cross-sectional study among physiotherapists of India by a simple random sampling technique.Questionnaire were sent to the physiotherapists and the physiotherapists were instructed to be true while filling the questionnaire. For<strong> </strong>outcome measure Evidence Based Practice Attitude Scale has been used.</p><p class="05Keyword"><strong>Result/Conclusion</strong>: Our result suggest that physical therapists have a generally positive regard and attitude for EBP and are interested in increasing their skills and the evidence used in their clinical practice.</p></div>Monika MoitraMeghmala Neogi
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-06-222016-06-22514546Manganese coordination compounds: synthesis, chemistry and applicationshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/468
Coordination compounds have rich diversity which provide not only stimulating structural chemistry but also exciting therapeutic properties. This paper consists the literature survey on the coordination compounds of Mn(II) ion with different Schiff bases having bidentate nature. These coordination compounds have gained increasing attention in antimicrobial activities, and all the Manganese coordination compounds are hypothesized to exhibit higher activity against microbial agents than the corresponding ligands. In addition, the coordination compounds have been characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, molecular weight, molar conductance, spectral (IR, reflectance, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, ESR) and magnetic susceptibility measurements and their possible structures are discussed and outlined.Dinesh KumarJyoti Sharma
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-06-072016-06-07514044A review on Synthesis of Aminoacetanilideshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/471
<p class="05Abstracttext"><span lang="EN-US">Aminoacetanilides have many applications in pharmaceutical industry, dyes and pigment industry, and are important intermediates to synthesize various heterocycles and aromatics. This review discusses various synthetic conditions and use of aminoacinalids. </span></p>Raman SinghRajneesh KaurKuldeep Singh
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-06-072016-06-07513039Synthesis and characterization of cobalt doped ZnS nanoparticleshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/451
In this study ZnS nano particles were synthesized using chemical method without using any capping agent. The particles were doped with Cobalt from 1% to 8%. The synthesized samples were characterized for structural and optical properties using x-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM), UV spectrometer, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) . The observed XRD patterns revealed that particle size of ZnS:Co particles varied from 3.2 to 3.7 nm and confirmed zinc blend structure. The size of particles was further confirmed by TEM studies. The optical band gap was calculated from data obtained from UV analysis. The band gap variation was observed with doping and it varied from 4.95 to 5.8 eV. Ultraviolet studies showed the blue shift as the particle size decreases starting from bulk ZnS indicating quantum confinement. this material may potentially be used as window layer in solar cells or filter material when used in multiple layersRamesh K SharmaAnil KumarSanjeev GautamNavdeep Goyal
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-05-192016-05-19512629Comparative analysis between Commercial and Hydrothermal TiO2 films for their use in Dye-sensitized Solar Cellshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/438
A comparison has been drawn between purely crystalline single phase mesoporous anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> film synthesized via hydrothermal sol-gel process and mixed TiO<sub>2</sub> film containing both anatase and rutile phases deposited by using commercial P25 TiO<sub>2</sub> powder. Phase confirmations have been made by x-ray diffraction analysis. Dye-sensitized solar cells have been built by using these two kinds of films and a comparative study has been made in context of their current-density, voltage performance curve under 1 sun illumination. It has been observed that the open-circuit voltage (<em>V<sub>OC</sub></em>) for both the cells is approximately similar but there exists a large difference between the values of short-circuit current density (<em>J<sub>SC</sub></em>). The conversion efficiency for the commercial TiO<sub>2</sub> based cell is about 27.5% of the efficiency value for anatase based cell. Thus, anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> films prove their better candidature for dye-sensitized solar cells.Divya Jyoti ChawlaDevendra Mohan Nassa
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-04-292016-04-29512325Nanomaterials – An Introductionhttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/430
<p class="nslAbsbox"> </p><div><table width="646" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" height="160"><p class="Cbltwocolumngraphics">Nanotechnology is booming and it has many applications in various domains of science and technology. This review discusses varoious aspects of nanomaterials and their uses as smart materials, surfactants, next generation devices, and as catalysts.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>Vivek Sheel JaswalAvnish Kumar Arora
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Research Advances
2016-04-182016-04-18512122Optimization of Free standing Polymer Electrolytes films for Lithium ion batteries applicationhttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/424
The free standing polymer nancomposite films consisting of blend polymer based on Poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) as host polymer–Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO) as a copolymer, Dimethylformamide (DMF) as solvent and Lithium hexaflourophosphate (LIPF<sub>6</sub>) as a conducting speciesm were prepared. Keeping in view of characterization of solid state film such as, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is done for an understanding of the microscopic interaction among the different component present in the material system. The energy storage/conversion device applications have been analyzed by the impedances spectroscopy. The surface morphology or micro-structural of the polymer nanocomposite electrolytes film was analyzed by FESEM. The electrochemical stability window was about ~4V for the polymer electrolyte film at (/Li=6). The advantageous outcome of PAN combining with PEO based electrolytes is in comparable electrical conductivity and wider electrochemical stability window. Further optimization might lead to practical solid­ state polymer electrolytes for lithium ion batteries.M. SadiqA. L. SharmaAnil Arya
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-04-162016-04-16511620Synthetic applications of Lithium Diisopropylamide (LDA) - A brief reviewhttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/427
<p class="nslAbsbox">LDA is a hindered non-nucleophilic base. It abstracts hydrogen from less hindered site as compared to other bases. LDA prefers the formation of thermodynamically favoured product compared to other bases. LDA is a region-selective reagent. It has wide applications in organic synthesis. This review is focused on the synthesis and applications of LDA in organic synthesis. </p>Harpreet KaurAvanish AroraMayank Kinger
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-04-162016-04-16511315Socio-economic and environmental impact of electronic wastehttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/388
<p class="04AbstractText">In today’s world, most of us have the luxury of not having to face the daily realities of all the damage humans do to the planet. It is difficult to understand the devastation created by human beings unless you travel to a developing nation or actively try to find it in our own country -- pictures or words will never do it justice. E-Waste (Electronic Waste) is the rapidly growing stream of waste from discarded electronics and appliances. These items include anything from computers, TVs and phones to washing machines and refrigerators to everything else in between. Most of these electronics appliances are often not trash, but simply outdated and traded up for the latest version on the market. To manufacture one computer and its monitor it takes 530lbs of fossil fuels, 48 pounds of chemicals, and 1.5 tons of water. Toxic substances when burnt at low temperature create additional toxins such as halogenated dioxins and furans- harmful to mankind. According to the most recent report released by the United Nations University (UNU) on the matter, findings show that globally we produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste in 2014. Even more startling -- it is believed that less than one-sixth is properly recycled or reused.</p><p class="04AbstractText">While the negative impact of e-waste is vast and growing, most people are probably unaware of its reach. The lack of proper recycling leads to harmful toxins like lead and mercury leaching into the environment. Harmful materials like these and many others found in e-waste, cause all sorts of health issues like neurological damage, kidney damage and some cancers, to name a few. And let's not forget about the ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons left behind. Maybe the worst part of this issue is that most e-waste from developed countries is exported to developing countries like India, Africa and China. Often the pits of discarded computers and other electronics are picked over by locals who attempt to mine profitable materials like copper and gold from them. The improperly performed recovery methods like acid baths and burning of electronics are extremely harmful and are often performed by local women and children.</p>These issues are environmental as well as social and related to mankind. So, it is for us to choose, whether we want to choose life of doomsday by the invasion of machines and radiations over us completely so as we loose humanity and mankind from this planet completely and forever.Satyam BansalHarsh ChaudharyPrashant SinghPratibha Singh
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-03-062016-03-0651912Electrochemical synthesis of Organic Light Emitting Diode(OLED) and characterizations by X-ray Diffraction and supportive techniqueshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/397
A facile and sustainable electrochemical approach towards the synthesis of tris-(8-hydoxyquinoline)aluminium(III) (Alq3) using 8-Hydroxy quinoline as a ligand is presented. The synthesis has been done at three different conditions (a) 0.015M of 8-Hydroxy quinolin in 50% methanol, at pH 7 for 24 hours (b) 0.0303M of 8-Hydroxy quinolin in 40% methanol at pH 1 for 48 hours (c) 0.0317M of 8-Hydroxy quinolin in 50% methanol at pH 2 for 24 hours. The potential was applied 1.5 V and 12 .0 V respectively. Simple room temperature electrolysis method has been employed, where Al wire as well as Al foil was used as a sacrificial anode for Al<sup>3+</sup> ion source and platinum wire as a cathode. Tris-(8-hydoxyquinoline) aluminum (III) (Alq3) was synthesized for the first time by direct dissolution of Al<sup>3+</sup> into the solution of 8-Hydroxy quinoline from Al electrode in the electrochemical cell. The structural characterizations have been done by using Single X-ray diffraction and Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and TGA techniques. Complexes of Aluminum with 8-Hydroxyquinoline have a wide applications to material science as organic light emitting diode (OLED).Kalawati SainiRaghwendra Swarup
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-03-052016-03-055158Algal Biofuel: A boon for society in future to solve Energy crisishttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/387
Fossil fuel based energy resources (petroleum, coal and natural gas) are vanishing at a very faster rate to fulfill the demand of energy for growing population worldwide. So depletion of these resources will lead us to the chains of problems which may occur due to fuel shortage. It has been estimated that as per present uses, our coal reserves will be exhausted in 200 years and if we increase the use by 2%, then it will be vanished in 165 years. Therefore in such a condition sustainable and renewable energy resources are beneficial to solve the problem of energy crisis. Fortunately, our scientists have developed different categories of biodiesel as an alternative fuel to meet growing energy demands. In recent scenario, they are focused on the algae as a raw material for biodiesel and which may be proved as a boon for the society in future. Biofuels play a vital role in mitigating CO<sub>2</sub> emission, reducing global warming and bringing down the hike in oil prices. The biodegradable, renewable and non toxic nature of biodiesel has made it a recent attraction. The objective of the paper is to study the potential of microalgae as an alternative raw material for biodiesel generation that can be converted into fuel. Its easy availability, high mass productivity and faster lipid production have made it prior to all other alternatives for the raw material of biodiesel. Production of biodiesel from microalgae would be a greater alternative to oil crops due to economical instability, jeopardizing agricultural lands and insufficient oil crops. This article provide holistic review to enhance the production and commercialization of biodiesel by improving cultivation of different microalgal species, lipid content in various algal species, modes and efficiency of harvesting and trans-esterification methods.Prashant SinghSatyam BansalPratibha SinghRoli VermaR.S. Jagadish
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Science Publishing
2016-03-052016-03-055114Physiochemical Analysis of Water Quality in Surha Lake, Indiahttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/328
<p>The Surha Lake is an important freshwater body in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. The aim of the present study is to investigate the concentration of water quality parameters like pH, BOD, DO, COD, EC etc. in the lake water. The results indicate that the water quality of the lake is deteriorating and is not suitable for drinking purpose. Therefore, it has been suggested to check the input of nutrient in the lake and water must be treated before used for drinking.</p>Saurabh MishraM P Sharma
Copyright (c) 2015 Integrated Science Publications
2015-11-222015-11-22511116Pyrazole: a versatile therapeutic agent with diverse biological activitieshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/329
Pyrazole and its derivatives has received enormous attention due to their pharmacological properties and are active constituent of pharmaceutical drug molecules. Due to their structural modification they offered a high degree of diversity that has proven useful for the development of therapeutic agents with improved potency and reduced toxicity. In the present article we have studied the pyrazole derivatives for pharmacological activities with highlighting their active compound.Vandana Kumari
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Research Advances
2015-11-042015-11-04511721Residence time distribution study for continuous column packed with tea waste biomasshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/330
<p>In this study residence time distribution (RTD) and its deviation from ideal plug flow conditions was studied in a packed bed reactor under plug flow condition. The flow rate of the inlet stream was kept constant for all the three case studies (step input without agitation in feed tank, step input with agitation in the feed tank and pulse input). Dispersion model was employed to investigate the presence of axial dispersion inside the packed bed reactor. The mass transport phenomena i.e. advection or dispersion was determined by the help of peclet number.</p>Ankur GuptaChandrajit Balomajumder
Copyright (c) 2015 Integrated Research Advances
2015-11-042015-11-0451510Removal of Arsenic from contaminated wastewater using Eichhornia crassipeshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/316
<p>Arsenic is a hazardous element which causes several serious ill effects on the living being. Therefore the present study aims to investigate the arsenic uptake rate of <em>Eichhornia crassipes</em> from the water samples amended with arsenic concentration 1mg/l, 5mg/l, 10mg/l, 20mg/l, 30mg/l respectively for the experimental period of 10 days. Arsenic concentration was measured in samples using ICP-MS instrument. The stress of arsenic on plant was determined by the analysis of decrement or increment of plant biomass. The result indicates that the <em>Eichhornia crassipes</em> had capacity to remove arsenic from the aqueous medium. The maximum removal efficiency was obtained 53.63% at initial concentration 1 mg/L at the end of the 8<sup>th </sup>day of experiment period. The Removal percentage of arsenic by the plant was found to be decreasing with the increase in the initial concentration in the water sample. Based on the result, it has been concluded that <em>Eichhornia crassipes</em> is a good accumulator of arsenic at an initial concentration of 1 mg/L.</p>Anurag Kumar SinghC B MajumderSaurabh Mishra
Copyright (c) 2015 Integrated Science Publishing
2015-09-072015-09-075114Good Governance: Role of science, technology and Innovationshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/434
The continuous and effective delivery of services to people requires development of new methods and policies for rationalization of the good governance. The good governance has been changing with passes of time, influenced by the type of governing setup and markedly affected by the population growth. The various innovations in effective delivery of services, advances in technology and research advances in scientific fields play a critical role and are fundamental in good governance. This article reviews fundamentals of good governance, factors that influence the good governance and how new innovations, technological advances and scientific research are critical in good governance.Bhupender S Chhikara
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Research Advances
2015-04-252015-04-25512230New reagent for attachment of cobaltacarborane clusters to biomoleculeshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/505
<span lang="EN-US">A novel boron reagent for click-labeling biomolecules [8-HC</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';" lang="EN-US">≡</span><span lang="EN-US">CCH<sub>2</sub>OC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O(CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>-3,3’-Co(1,2-C<sub>2</sub>B<sub>9</sub>H<sub>10</sub>)(1’,2’-C<sub>2</sub>B<sub>9</sub>H<sub>11</sub>)]<sup>-</sup> has been prepared by the ring disclosure of the cyclic oxonium derivative of cobalt bis(dicarbollide) with hydroquinone monopropargyl ether. In the presence of Cu(I) catalyst the obtained alkyne reacts with organic azides forming 1,4-derivatives of 1,2,3-triazole as the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition products. The products obtained were characterized by the methods of multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and mass-spectrometry.</span>Akim V. Shmal’koIgor B. SivaevVladimir I. BregadzeLeonid V. Kovalenko
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Research Advances
2015-01-012015-01-01513135Synthesis, spectral, antimicrobial and antiandrogenic studies of main group metal complexes with biologically potent benzothiazolinehttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/504
New antibacterial and antifungal Schiff's base derived from substituted benzothiazoline (N<sup>Ç</sup>SH), as well as its main group metal complexes incorporating antimony(III), bismuth(III) and arsenic(III) were synthesized with conventional as well as microwave irradiation method, characterized and screened for their <em>in-vitro</em> antibacterial as well as antifungal activity against Gram-negative (<em>Escherichia coli</em>), Gram-positive (<em>Staphylococcus aureous</em>) microbial strains and <em>Fusarium oxysporum </em>and <em>Aspergillus niger </em>fungal strains. The metal complexes show more antimicrobial potency as compared to the uncomplexed Schiffs' base. The ligand and its BiCl(N<sup>Ç</sup>S)<sub>2 </sub>and PhAs(N<sup>Ç</sup>S)<sub>2 </sub>compounds have been screened <em>in vivo</em> in male albino rats to test their antifertility property and results indicated that the administration of aforesaid compounds in male rats brought about an interference with spermatogenesis which ultimately caused infertilityKaruna Mahajan ChauhanS.C. Joshi
Copyright (c) 2014 Integrated Science Publishing
2014-12-212014-12-21513648Study of magnetic properties of mixed Cobalt-Zinc Ferrites synthesized by solid state reaction techniquehttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/187
<p>Cobalt and Zinc ferrites CoxZnyFe2O4,(x=0.7,0.3,0.4,0.2 and y=0.3,0.7,0.6,0.8) were prepared by solid state reaction technique. The crystalline structure of the sample was investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD). All samples show cubic spinel structure. The lattice parameter decreases with increasing cobalt content. Magnetic properties shows that the prepared sample exhibit ferromagnetic behaviour at room temperature. The saturation magnetization increases with increasing cobalt content. Curie temperature of various samples were calculated. The Curie temperature increases with increasing content of Cobalt ions. The variation of initial permeability and magnetic loss with frequency are explained with the help of established models.</p><p> </p><p>Edited by: Mahima Chaudhary</p>Leena ThakurBrijesh Singh
Copyright (c)
2014-12-202014-12-205157Biolap: Pathway to next generation of laptophttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/381
With increase in demand for computers, iPods and mobile phones, there is surge of electronic gadgets around the world leading to production of huge quantity of waste termed as E-Waste. We have proposed an innovative solution for reduction of dumping and recovery of precious metals by harmful means from e-waste in developing countries. Manufacturing of laptops and computers using bioplastic which is partially biodegradable material and have life span of four to five years. By varying the composition of different bio-plastics, their thermal insulation, structural strength and conductivity can be improved. It would make them suitable material to replace acrylonitrile butadiene styrene based common plastic that are currently being used in manufacturing of different kind of laptops. The segregation of these bioplastic into its constituent’s materials would be much simpler and easier. This can be done by segregation of electronic components made from bioplastic at home or industry. Further, these bioplastic can be used as a feed for small community based pyrolitic units which will act as a source of syngas and bio-oil. The syngas produced can be used as fuel for cooking and also for supplying fuel to electricity generators. The biochar left in chamber when mixed with organic fertilizers can be act as source of manure to the soil. As a result with production of zero toxic constituents, these bioplastics can meet the ever increasing demands of laptops in developing countries like India.Yogesh BhandariAnurag Maurya
Copyright (c) 2016 Integrated Research Advances
2014-12-122014-12-1251810History and applications of important Ferriteshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/185
Ferrites are very important materials having both electrical and magnetic properties. These materials are used in various applications. The present work represent the history and application of some important ferrites called spinel ferrites. It gives overview of the earlier scientific works done by the pioneers in the field of ferrite preparation and characterization technology. All the important historical developments are given in this paper. It also focuses on the applications of spinel ferrites. These materials are important from technological view point and properties like physical structure, resistivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor, Curie temperature, magnetic susceptibility, initial permeability and magnetic loss factor etc. are to be investigated and there are no fixed rules framed which can be used to fabricate novel ferrites with all desired properties. Research field area has spread over hundred years now and will continue in the near future.Leena ThakurBrijesh Singh
Copyright (c) 2014 Integrated Science Publishing
2014-11-072014-11-07511113Assessment of Diesel Engine Performance Using Cotton Seed Biodieselhttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/189
Environmental concerns and energy crisis of the world has led to the search of viable alternatives to conventional sources of fuel. FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) is environment friendly, alternative, and nontoxic, safe, biodegradable has a high flash point and is also termed as Bio-Diesel. It is commonly produced by the process transesterification. For its production, establishment of suitable process, selection of proper feedstock and reaction parameters is of utmost importance in present scenario. This paper is an attempt to investigate diesel engine performance with cotton seed biodiesel. A higher BTE was found with the preheated with B20, B40 and B60 that 3.74%, 10.46%, 3.27% at full load more than that for diesel. Smoke was reduced with considerable factor when quantity of biodiesel is increased in pure diesel.Puneet VermaVarinder Mohan Singh
Copyright (c)
2014-06-302014-06-305114Spectral analysis of &mu;-bridging coordination in triphenyl Sn(IV)-Al(III)-&mu;-oxoisopropoxide derivatives of alkylpyruvate aroylhydrazone: Interpretation of pharmacophore geometrieshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/503
<p class="Abstracttext">Triphenyl Sn(IV)-A(lII)-µ-oxoisopropoxide derivatives having different (NOONO and OONO) backbones were obtained by the reaction of triphenyltin acetate and aluminium isopropoxide with corresponding ligand. Through manipulation of reaction stoichiometry, varieties of coordination compounds featuring µ-bridging coordination were obtained. <sup>119</sup>Sn NMR spectra of Ph<sub>3</sub>SnOAl(OPr<sup>i</sup>)L and Ph<sub>3</sub>SnOAl(L)<sub>2</sub> exhibit a single resonance, in solution, which is a characteristic of four-coordinated triphenyl complex. There are quite close structural and architectural similarities between both series of complexes. Physicochemical analysis confirmed the formation of Ph<sub>3</sub>SnOAl(OPr<sup>i</sup>)L and Ph<sub>3</sub>SnOAl(L)<sub>2</sub> derivatives. Both the derivatives of triphenyl Sn(IV)-Al(III)-µ-oxoisopropoxide showed tetra- and penta- coordination of metal centres with distorted tetrahedral and distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometries for Sn(IV) and Al(III) respectively. These central metal ions are capable of organizing surrounding atoms to achieve pharmacophore geometries by the variation of architectural elements of concerned ligands which are not readily and rapidly achieved by other means. Five complexes from each series were screened for their anti-fungal and antibacterial properties.</p>Rajni JoharRajiv KumarAshok K Prasad
Copyright (c) 2014 Integrated Science Publishing
2014-03-072014-03-07512235Calix[4]arene-Based Clusters with μ9-Carbonato-Bridged Co<sup>II</sup>9 Coreshttp://www.pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/ira/article/view/502
<p class="Abstracttext">Two discrete complexes, [Co<sup>II</sup><sub>9</sub>(TBC[4])<sub>3</sub>(<em>m</em><sub>9</sub>-CO<sub>3</sub>)(<em>m</em>-H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>3</sub>(<em>m</em><sub>3</sub>-OH)<sub>2</sub>(<em>m</em>-CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>2</sub>(DMA)<sub>4</sub>]•3H<sub>2</sub>O•2CH<sub>3</sub>OH (<strong>1</strong>), [Co<sup>II</sup><sub>9</sub>(TBC[4])<sub>3</sub>(<em>m</em><sub>9</sub>-CO<sub>3</sub>)(<em>m</em><sub>3</sub>-OH)(<em>m</em>-HCOO)(O<sub>3</sub>PPh)(DMF)<sub>8</sub>]•2H<sub>2</sub>O•CH<sub>3</sub>OH (<strong>2</strong>) (TBC[4] = <em>p</em>-tert-butylcalix[4]arene, DMA = N,N'-dimethylacetamide, DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide), have been solvothermally obtained and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and powder X-ray diffraction. Complex <strong>1</strong> capped by three TBC[4] ligands possesses a tri-capped trigonal prismatic Co<sup>II</sup><sub>9</sub> core housing a <em>m</em><sub>9</sub>-carbonato anion. When auxiliary phosphonate ligand is introduced into the reaction, complex <strong>2</strong> is obtained with an obvious geometrical change in the metallic core moving from a regular tri-capped trigonal prism in <strong>1</strong> to a distorted one in <strong>2</strong>. What is more, this work represents the first two examples of <em>m</em><sub>9</sub>-CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup> bridged paramagnetic metal clusters reported in the literature. Magnetic measurements reveal that both of the complexes show spin-glass behavior.</p>Kongzhao SuFeilong JiangJinjie QianKang ZhouJiandong PangSulaiman BasahelMohamed MokhtarShaeel A. AL-ThabaitiMaochun Hong
Copyright (c) 2014 Integrated Science Publishing
2014-03-052014-03-05511421