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Since the concomitant inhibition of both Hedgehog and MET pathways restores the sensitivity to anti-EGF receptor (EGFR) drugs, scientists aimed to discover the first compounds that block simultaneously MET and SMO. By using an “in silico drug repurposing” approach and by validating their predictions both in vitro and in vivo, they identified a set of compounds with the desired dual inhibitory activity and enhanced antiproliferative activity on EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant non-small cell lung cancer. [J Med Chem]
Abstract

miR-181c expression was detected in human lung tissue samples of 34 patients, an in vivo murine model of cigarette smoke exposure, and primary human bronchial epithelial cells by qRT-PCR. Investigators showed that miR-181c was significantly down-regulated in lung tissues from patients with COPD compared to individuals who had never smoked. [Respir Res]
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LUNG CANCER

Scientists investigated the possible mechanisms of pterostilbene (PT)-induced senescence through telomerase inhibition in human non-small cell lung cancer cells and delineated the role of p53 in senescence. The results indicated that PT-induced senescence is characterized by a flattened morphology, positive staining for senescence-associated-β galactosidase activity, and the formation of senescence-associated heterochromatic foci. [Cell Death Dis]
Full Article

Scientists investigated the role of linc00319 in the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells. They found that, compared with normal lung cell line HBE, linc00319 was increased in low metastatic lung cancer cell lines PAa and AgiY-83a, and further increased in high metastatic lung cancer cell lines A549 and Anip-973. [Oncol Res]
Full Article

Researchers investigated the diagnostic and prognostic value of lncRNA H19 and miR-21 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Expression of both H19 and miR-21 was significantly higher in lung tissues from patients with NSCLC than in normal lung tissues. [Cancer Gene Ther]
Abstract

Scientists describe the biogenesis and components of exosomes mainly in lung cancer, summarize their function in lung carcinogenesis, and focus on the clinical potential of exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutics in lung cancer. [Cancer Lett]
Abstract

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Space travel can cause a lot of stress on the human body as the change in gravity, radiation and other factors creates a hostile environment. While much is known about how different parts of the body react in space, how lungs are affected by spaceflight has received little attention until now, say researchers at The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston and Houston Methodist Research Institute. [The University of Texas Medical Branch]
Press Release | Video

The Addario Lung Cancer Medical Institute, Champions Oncology, and the ROS1ders announced a preclinical study that will develop new models of cancers expressing a ROS1 gene rearrangement. This study is part of The Global ROS1 Research Initiative, which focuses on improving outcomes for this uncommon yet clinically important oncogene-driven cancer. [The Addario Lung Cancer Medical Institute (PR Newswire Association LLC.)]
Press Release

Biocept, Inc. announced that it has entered into a clinical study agreement with the University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center. Led by recognized oncologist and ALK mutation researcher Dr. Saad Khan, the study is designed to evaluate the clinical utility of Biocept’s Target Selector™ platform for patients diagnosed with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer and treated with ALK-inhibitor therapy. [Biocept, Inc.]
Press Release

President Donald Trump has translated his campaign promise to “make America great again” into his administration’s first blueprint for federal investment in science and technology. [ScienceInsider]
Editorial

Japan’s premier scientific research institution, RIKEN, turned 100 this year, and celebrated with a grand ceremony attended by the empress and emperor. But not everybody was in the mood to party. In the old days, RIKEN was known as a paradise for scientists because of its generous funding. No longer: as Japan cuts off funds in the face of continuing financial uncertainty, the cracks are starting to show. [Nature News]
Editorial