The now 10-year-old boy, whose name is Adou, currently lives in a Paris suburb with his mother but travelled to Ceuta to testify.

Adou told the judges he had had difficulty breathing while in the suitcase, which he was forced into by a "Moroccan girl".

It was ultimately his testimony that saved his father from jail.

Adou said Ouattara had told him he would be taken "by car", and that there had never been any mention of a suitcase.

Paid traffickers €5,000

The desperate smuggling attempt was a first in Ceuta.

But only three months later, a 27-year-old Moroccan died of asphyxiation inside a suitcase placed in the trunk of a car on a ferry linking Melilla, another Spanish territory in Morocco, to southern Spain.

The two Spanish enclaves are the only places in Europe which share a land border with Africa.

Adou was reunited with his mother soon after arriving in Ceuta, while his father was arrested shortly after the police discovery.

Ouattara told the judge Tuesday that he had been living in Spain legally for eight years, and that he had a stable job.

While his wife and daughter were able to join him, the Spanish authorities had rejected four requests for Adou to come because they deemed the father's €1,300 ($1,600) monthly salary insufficient to cover the family's needs.

A desperate Ouattara was misled by traffickers in Ivory Coast who charged him €5,000 ($6,200) and did not tell him his son would be hidden in a suitcase.

A former philosophy and French teacher in Abidjan, Ouattara arrived illegally in Spain in 2006, making the perilous journey across the Mediterranean aboard a boat.

"For us, it was crucial for the child to come, we couldn't live without him, we couldn't stop thinking about him," Ouattara said.

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