Fission, budding, schizogony

Schizogony

Protozoan conjugation

two cells fuse, and a haploid nucleus from each cell migrates to the other cell, this haploid micronucleus fuses with the haploid micronucleus within the cell, parent cells separate each now a fertilized cell, later divide into daughter cells

Human

Plasmodium vivax

Plasmodium falciparum

most dangerous form of malaria, very recent form or malaria making it more dangerous because humans haven't had a chance for our bodies to become used to this form of malaria, referred to as "malignant malaria"

Protozoans are critical members of this free-living drifting organism, that forms the basis of the aquatic food chain; name this protozoan organism

Name the Red Algae

Name the Golden Yellow Algea

Name the Green Algae

Eukaryotic Nuclues

-Can be Haploid (having a single copy of each chromosome) or Diploid (having two copies)
-Divides by mitosis in four phases resulting in two nuclei with the same ploidy(# of sets of chromosomes) as the original.

Plasmodial Slime Molds

Cellular Slime Molds

Euglenids

Unicellular/ flagellated/ store food as paramylon/lack cell walls/ have eyespots used in postive phototaxis.
-They exhibit characteristics of both animals and plants therefore they are a taxonomic problem.

Rhodophyta

Phaeophyta

Brown Algae
Contains xanthophylls, laminarin, and oils. They have cell walls composed of cellulose and alginic acid, which is another thickening agent. A brown algal spore is motile by means of one "hairy" flagellum and one whiplike flagellum.

Plasmodium sp.

Cryptosporidium parvum

Pathogenic Protozoan Apicomplexan; carried in G.I. tract with no symptoms in up to about 30% of the population; spread by fecally contaminated water (especially around livestock), or direct fecal-oral transmission

Cryptosporidium parvum

Toxoplasma gondii

Pathogenic Protozoan Apicomplexan; up to 40% of U.S. population may be infected, also occurs in many mammals and birds; usually acquired by ingesetion of poorly-cooked meat, but also from fecally-contaminated soil or plants (especially by cats)

Pfiesteria sp.

Entamoeba histolytica

Pathogenic Protozoan Amoeba; carried with no symptoms in G.I. tract of about 10% of population; may spread via blood, and cause lesions in the liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and brain; usually fatal if untreated; spread by ingestion of fecally-contaminated water or food, or oral-anal sex

Entamoeba histolytica

Symptoms: depend on the strain and health of the person, ranges from asymptomatic to Amebic Dysentery- results in colitis, appendicitis, and ulceration of intestinal mucosa; resulting in severe diarrhea with mucous and blood

Acanthamoeba sp. and Naegleria sp.

Pathogenic Protozoan Amoeba; usually free-living in sediments of warm freshwater; may cause fatal brain infections; enter through broken skin or mucosa (A.), or intact nasal mucosa (N.); death a few days to a few weeks after neurological symptoms appear

T. brucei gambiense

T. brucei rhodesiense

Trypanosoma cruzi

Pathogenic Protozoan Flagellate; causes Chagas' Disease; primarily seen in Central and South America (some outbreaks in California and Texas); spread by bite wound contamination from feces of infected Triatomid Bug (Kissing Bug); Armadillos and Opossums are the primary reservoirs; Parasite-induced heart disease is the major cause of death in Latin America

Leishmania sp.

Giardia intestinalis

Giardia intestinalis

Pathogenic Protozoan Flagellate; parasite in the G.I. tracts of humans and animals (domestic and wild) worldwide, also in water, soil, and contaminated objects, since spread by fecal contamination, including from infected dogs

Trichomonas vaginalis

Trichomonas vaginalis

Symptoms: in females: pus-filled, odorous discharge, vaginal and cervical lesions, pain with urination and intercourse and found in the vulva and vagina; in males: usually asymptomatic and found in the prostate and urethra

Conidiospores (or Conidia)

Sexual reproduction in Fungi

Haploid cells form a (+) Thallus and a (-) Thallus that fuse to form a Dikaryon, eventually, 2 Haploid nuclei fuse within the Dikaryon forming a diploid nucleus, which undergoes Meiosis to form 2 haploid nuclei; Some then develop into (+) spores or (-) spores and on into (+) or (-) Thalli

Basidiomycota

Basidiomycota

Division of Fungi; most are Saprobes and are important decomposers of Cellulose in Lignin in dead plants; examples are edible and poisonous mushrooms, puffballs, etc., some plant pathogens causing rusts and smuts, and a human pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans

Trichophyton sp.

Lichens

Lichens

abundant throughout the world, particularly in pristine habitats (do not grow in polluted environments); grow on soil, rocks, leaves, tree bark, othe Lichens, and even on the backs of tortoises; almost every habitat