Antecedents refers to almost any type of condition people respond to antecedents with behavior

Behaviors may be obvious or subtle, may have impact on others

Consequences may be obvious or subtle

Example if someone gets an A on an exam, she will be more likely to continue studying in that field than if she does poorly

When an individual pairs a situation that was previously neutral with one that is positive or negative, an associative learning experience occurs

7Krumboltzs Social Learning TheoryCounselor Behavior Strategies

Reinforcement

Role Models

Role-Playing

Simulation

8Cognitive Strategies for Counseling

Goal Clarification

Counter a Troublesome Belief

Look for Inconsistencies between Words and Actions

Cognitive Rehearsal

9Social Learning Theory Goals for Career Counseling

1. People need to expand their capabilities and interests, and not base decisions on existing characteristics only.

2. People need to prepare for changing work tasks, and not assume that occupations will remain stable.

3. People need to be empowered to take action, not merely given a diagnosis.

10Applying Planned Happenstance Theory to Career Counseling

5 Skills helpful in dealing with chance career opportunities.

Curiosity

Persistence

Flexibility

Optimism

Risk Taking

11Applying Planned Happenstance Theory to Career Counseling

Step 1 Normalize planned happenstance in the clients history

Step 2 Assist clients to transform curiosity into opportunity for learning and exploration.

Step 3 Teach clients to produce desirable chance events.

Step 4 Teach clients to overcome blacks to action.

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