Dr. Byrne is a clinical psychologist who often uses operant conditioning techniques to treat her clients. She also encourages them to modify their thought patterns, and on occasion she interprets their transference behaviors. Dr. Byrne's therapeutic approach would best be described as:

A.

meta-analytic.

B.

psychoanalytic.

C.

behavioral.

D.

eclectic.

2.

According to psychoanalysts, resistance refers to the:

A.

expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier relationships.

B.

blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material during therapy.

C.

replacement of a genuine concern for others with self-centeredness.

D.

conversion of psychological conflicts into physical and behavioral disorders.

3.

Psychoanalysts would be most likely to discourage patients from:

A.

experiencing strong positive or negative feelings for their therapist.

B.

discontinuing psychotherapy whenever they felt it was no longer necessary.

C.

talking about anxiety-arousing material during therapy.

D.

taking antianxiety drugs during the course of psychotherapy.

4.

Psychodynamic therapy is ________ than traditional psychoanalysis.

A.

less effective

B.

briefer

C.

more expensive

D.

less commonly used

5.

Empathic understanding of the patient's subjective experiences is a major goal of a:

A.

psychoanalyst.

B.

biomedical therapist.

C.

client-centered therapist.

D.

behavior therapist.

6.

When Murli told his therapist, “I came to see what you could do for me,” the therapist responded, “It sounds like you're feeling you need some help. Am I right?” The therapist's response illustrates the technique of:

A.

transference.

B.

free association.

C.

active listening.

D.

systematic desensitization.

7.

Virtual reality exposure therapy is sometimes used in:

A.

stress inoculation training.

B.

aversive conditioning.

C.

systematic desensitization.

D.

transference.

8.

Connor is constantly chewing tobacco. In order to reduce his appetite for this product, a behavior therapist would most likely use:

A.

EMDR.

B.

a token economy.

C.

systematic desensitization.

D.

aversive conditioning.

9.

Critics of ________ have expressed a concern that appropriate patient behaviors will disappear following the discontinuation of a token economy.

A.

cognitive therapy

B.

light exposure therapy

C.

behavior modification

D.

rTMS

10.

Stress inoculation training focuses on helping people to:

A.

associate unwanted behaviors with unpleasant experiences.

B.

replace negative self-talk with more positive comments.

C.

associate a pleasant relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli.

D.

establish empathic, caring relationships with others.

11.

People often enter psychotherapy during a period of crisis in their lives. This helps us understand why they:

A.

prefer behavior therapies over other forms of treatment.

B.

seldom block anxiety-laden thoughts from consciousness.

C.

tend to overestimate the effectiveness of their psychotherapy.

D.

claim to receive the most effective treatment from highly experienced clinicians.

12.

Colette received a surprisingly high grade on her first biology test. She failed to perform as well on the second test, however, even though she studied equally for both tests. Which of the following best explains Colette's deteriorating pattern of performance?

A.

the placebo effect

B.

systematic desensitization

C.

meta-analysis

D.

regression toward the mean

13.

Meta-analysis refers to:

A.

a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different studies.

B.

the use of a variety of therapeutic techniques in the treatment of a single client.

C.

counseling and treatment of troubled individuals by friends, family, and other nonprofessionals.

D.

the technique of simply rephrasing much of what a client says during the course of therapy.