The ad-supported service primarily features content from CBS News along with other CBS-owned properties, hosted throughout much of the day by various CBS News personalities, along with coverage of live events and breaking news, the feed also serves as a timeshift channel carrying some of CBS News's on-air programming on a short delay. The service is designed primarily to appeal to a younger audience, providing a format that allows viewers to watch CBSN as a linear channel, or to watch segments of its programming on-demand.

Contents

Rumors that CBS News was preparing a 24-hour digital news service were first reported by BuzzFeed in October 2013, and later confirmed by a CBS spokesperson who stated that the company was seeking "partners" for the service. Initial reports suggested that the service would consist of a linear, multi-platform streaming channel, featuring video content from other CBS News productions, along with other online-exclusive content; The New York Times likened the rumored format to an all-news radio station, combining pre-recorded video content with regular, live news updates.[4] On May 15, 2014, CBS Corporation CEO Leslie Moonves confirmed in an interview with Bloomberg Television that the company was working on the service. Describing it as an "exciting alternative to cable news", he went on to say that "there is so much information that we get every day that doesn’t fit into a 22-minute newscast at 6:30 or CBS This Morning."[5]

In October 2014, Capital New York reported that CBS had recently filed for trademarks on the name CBSN as a potential name for the service, it also reported that the content would take place in an informal newsroom setting, and that its interface would consist of a video player with a playlist on a sidebar, and feature social network integration.[6] On November 5, 2014, during a Re/code conference in Dublin, Jim Lanzone, president of CBS Interactive, announced that the service would officially launch on November 6, 2014.[1][7] CBS News president David Rhodes explained that CBSN was not designed to compete directly with traditional cable news outlets, but to "create something that is native for connected devices", such as smartphones, tablets, and digital media players.[6]

There was also an emphasis placed on targeting younger viewers—particularly those who are in places with little or no access to television, or those who do not subscribe to pay television at all.[6] As opposed to CNNGo, a similarly-formatted TV Everywhere service that was introduced by CNN prior to the launch of CBSN,[6] CBSN is available at no charge and does not require users to authenticate with a subscription to a pay television provider. Rhodes argued that requiring authentication would hamper the service's viewership, the channel utilizes commercial breaks similar to a conventional television channel; Amazon.com and Microsoft were among the service's launch advertisers.[8]

The success of CBSN led CBS to launch CBS Sports HQ, a similar service for sports coverage in 2018.[9]

"CBS News is a phenomenal organization that has bureaus across the world, and producing a ton of content of which we don’t have enough air time to put it on. So, since we do not have a cable news network, and since the world is going online, we have the ability to put on a 24-hour news channel with anchors live, with plenty of content at not a great cost."

According to Moonves, CBSN is designed primarily to leverage the resources of CBS News and other CBS-owned entities to "create exciting, highly competitive new services that meet evolving audience preferences for content consumption"; viewers can watch CBSN live as a linear service, or watch previous segments on-demand.[3]

CBSN features anchored programming on weekdays from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 midnight Eastern Time (ET). The service draws content from CBS News along with other CBS properties, such as CBS Sports, CNET, Entertainment Tonight, and CBS affiliated television stations. It airs a looping broadcast of the CBS Morning News from 5:00 to 8:00 a.m. ET, and segments from CBS This Morning Monday through Saturdays at 8:00 a.m. ET, one hour after the live East Coast airing. CBSN also features "CBS Milestone" segments, showcasing classic stories and interviews from CBS News programs such as Face the Nation. Both Face the Nation and CBS News Sunday Morning are carried on the channel in their entirety on a half-hour delay from the East Coast network feed, although marketed as featuring live programming, CBSN primarily uses hour-long "news wheels" updated throughout the day, but pre-recorded programming can be interrupted for coverage of live events and breaking news when needed.[3][11]

CBSN airs hour-long block of live news each weekday from 9:00 to 10:00 a.m., 1:00 to 2:00 p.m. and 7:00 to 8:00 p.m. ET, which is then incorporated into their "news wheel", on December 4, 2017, CBSN began streaming the "Western Edition" of the CBS Evening News weekdays at 10:00 p.m. ET immediately following its broadcast airing on the West Coast. Weekend live coverage is branded as CBS Weekend News (a title shared with the weekend early-evening news program airing on the linear CBS network), beginning at noon eastern time on Saturday, anchored by Reena Ninan, and at 1:00 p.m. ET on Sundays, anchored by Elaine Quijano. Weekend coverage is simulcasted during the timeslot previously occupied by the CBS Evening News, during the overnight hours and weekends, live news updates are provided by CBS News Radio at the top of each hour. In December 2015, CBSN began inserting the word LIVE above its on air graphic when it airs live content.

Often during breaking news events, CBSN will also show the feed of the local CBS affiliate in the market of the breaking news and show the affiliate's live coverage of the event to compliment their own main coverage with CBS News, the network's program schedule is listed on the CBSN page on CBS News's Web site.

On March 1, 2016, CBS announced that it had hired former ESPN, NBC Sports and Good Morning America anchor Josh Elliott to serve as the lead anchor for CBSN. Of the hiring, CBS News president David Rhodes explained that Elliott needed an "outlet", going on to say that "we're going to need from him as much as he can bring in these different areas of reporting and anchoring. It's another reason it's the perfect place for him because it’s kind of unlimited. We have some really hard-working people at CBSN, but we don't have enough of them."[12] Elliott was fired on February 13, 2017, after CBS executives were caught off-guard by his abrupt announcement that he was to be promoted from CBSN.[13]

1.
CBS News
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CBS News is the news division of American television and radio service CBS. The president of CBS News is David Rhodes, CBS News broadcasts include the CBS Evening News, CBS This Morning, news magazine programs CBS Sunday Morning,60 Minutes and 48 Hours, and Sunday morning political affairs program Face the Nation. CBS operates a 24-hour news network called CBSN, the first live anchored 24-hour streaming news network that is exclusively online, in December 1930 CBS chief William S. Paley hired journalist Paul W. White away from United Press as CBSs news editor. Paley put the networks news operation at the same level as entertainment. Along with other networks, CBS chafed at the breaking news embargo imposed upon radio by the wire services, CBS disregarded an embargo when it broke the story of the Lindbergh kidnapping in 1932, using live on-the-air reporting. Radio networks scooped print outlets with news of the 1932 presidential election, in March 1933 White was named vice president and general manager in charge of news at CBS. As the first head of CBS News, he began to build an organization that established a legendary reputation. In 1935 White hired Edward R. Murrow, and sent him to London in 1937 to run CBS Radios European operation, White led a staff that would come to include Charles Collingwood, William L. Shirer, Eric Sevareid, John Charles Daly, Joseph C. Harsch Cecil Brown, Elmer Davis, Quincy Howe, H. V. Kaltenborn, CBS was getting its ducks in a row for the biggest news story in history, World War II, wrote radio historian John Dunning. Upon becoming commercial station WCBW in 1941, the pioneer CBS television station in New York City broadcast two daily news programs, at 2,30 and 7,30 p. m. weekdays, anchored by Richard Hubbell. Most of the newscasts featured Hubbell reading a script with only occasional cutaways to a map or still photograph, when Pearl Harbor was bombed on December 7,1941, WCBW, took to the air at 8,45 p. m. with an extensive special report. The national emergency even broke down the wall between CBS radio and television. The WCBW special report that night lasted less than 90 minutes, but that special broadcast pushed the limits of live television in 1941 and opened up new possibilities for future broadcasts. Additional newscasts were scheduled in the days of the war. In May 1944, as the war began to turn in favor of the Allies, WCBW reopened the studios and the newscasts returned, briefly anchored by Ned Calmer, and then by Everett Holles. After the war, expanded news programs appeared on the WCBW schedule – whose call letters were changed to WCBS-TV in 1946 – first anchored by Milo Boulton, and later by Douglas Edwards. On May 3,1948, Edwards began anchoring CBS Television News and it aired every weeknight at 7,30 p. m. and was the first regularly scheduled, network television news program featuring an anchor. NBCs offering at the time, NBC Television Newsreel, was simply film footage with voice narration, the broadcast was renamed the CBS Evening News when Walter Cronkite replaced Edwards in 1962

2.
CBS Interactive
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CBS Interactive Inc. is an American media company and is a division of the CBS Corporation. It is a content network for information and entertainment. Its websites cover news, sports, entertainment, technology and business and it is headed by Jim Lanzone. On May 30,2007, CBS Interactive acquired Last. fm for £140 million, on June 30,2008, CNET Networks was acquired by CBS and the assets were merged into CBS Interactive, including Metacritic, GameSpot, TV. com, and Movietome. In April 2014, CBS Interactive quietly acquired a site Modern Auto Reviews to roll its extensive user database and it was never disclosed how much CBS Interactive paid for the acquisition but it likely to be in the 10-15 million dollar range. CBS Interactives entertainment brands are CBS, CBS Interactives music brands are Last. fm, the music discovery service and listening service, and MetroLyrics, lyrics, videos and news for music. CBS Interactives sports brands are CBSSports. com, the home of CBS Sports, with news, scores, video. BNET, founded in 2007, was a magazine dedicated to issues of business management. It merged into CBS MoneyWatch in June 2008 to become the anchor to CBS business-related content

3.
CBS Corporation
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CBS Corporation is an American mass media corporation focused on commercial broadcasting, publishing, and television production, with most of its operations in the United States. The president, chief executive and executive chairman of the company is Leslie Moonves, sumner Redstone, owner of National Amusements, is CBSs majority shareholder and serves as chairman emeritus. The company began trading on the NYSE on January 3,2006, until then, the corporation was known as Viacom, and is the legal successor to said company. A new company, keeping the Viacom name, was spun off from CBS, CBS has its headquarters in the CBS Building, Midtown, Manhattan, New York City, United States. Viacom was created in 1971 as the television division of CBS. However, in 1999, Viacom acquired its parent, by this time also named CBS Corporation. In March 2005, Viacom announced plans of looking into splitting the company into two publicly traded companies, amid issues of the stock price stagnating, on June 14,2005, the Viacom board of directors approved the split of the company into two firms. The split was structured such that the new Viacom was spun off from the old Viacom, in a sense, this was a repeat of the 1971 spinoff. However, in case, CBS retained virtually all of the prior firms broadcast TV assets. With the split, the two new companies began trading on the NYSE on January 3,2006, investors anticipated Viacom benefiting from the split, but instead, it dropped approximately 20 percent, while CBS rose 9 percent. Announced in January 2006, CBS and DIC Entertainment signed a deal in which DIC bought the Saturday morning airtime as CBSs Saturday Morning Secret Slumber Party. In June 2006, DiC added a production partner AOLs KOL, thus block would be called KOLs Saturday Morning Secret Slumber Party on CBS. On January 24,2006, CBS Corporation, and Warner Bros. announced that they were to create a new broadcast network, the network officially debuted on September 18,2006. The network formally debuted on September 20 with the 2 hour premiere of Americas Next Top Model, the network is the result of a merger of The WB and UPN. CBS Corporation and Time Warner each own 50% of the network, tribune Broadcasting and CBS Corporation will contribute its stations as new network affiliates. Three days after the announcement of The CW, on January 27, on May 23,2006, CBS Corp. sold Paramount Parks to the Cedar Fair Entertainment Company. With this acquisition, Cedar Fair became the third-largest theme park operator, on June 30,2006, Cedar Fair announced that it has completed its acquisition of Paramount Parks from CBS Corporation in a cash transaction valued at US$1.24 billion. The transaction included a 10-year license that allowed Cedar Fair to use the Paramount name in the parks through the 2017 season

4.
720p
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720p is a progressive HDTV signal format with 720 horizontal lines and an aspect ratio of 16,9, normally known as widescreen HDTV. The number 720 stands for the 720 horizontal scan lines of display resolution. The p stands for progressive scan, i. e. non-interlaced, when broadcast at 60 frames per second, 720p features the highest temporal resolution possible under the ATSC and DVB standards. The term assumes a widescreen ratio of 16,9. 720i is a term found in numerous sources and publications. Typically, it is an error in which the author is referring to the 720p HDTV format. However, in cases it is incorrectly presented as an actual alternative format to 720p. No proposed or existing broadcast standard permits 720 interlaced lines in a frame at any frame rate. Progressive scanning reduces the need to prevent flicker by anti-aliasing single high contrast horizontal lines and it is also easier to perform high-quality 50↔60 Hz conversion and slow-motion clips with progressive video. A 720p60 video has advantage over 480i and 1080i60 in that it reduces the number of 3,2 artifacts introduced during transfer from 24 frame/s film. However, 576i and 1080i50, which are common in Europe, generally do not suffer from pull down artifacts as film frames are simply played at 25 frames and the audio pitch corrected by 25/24ths. As a result, 720p60 is used for U. S. broadcasts while European HD broadcasts often use 1080i50 24* frame, arte, a dual-language French-German channel produced in collaboration by ARD, ZDF and France Télévisions, broadcasts in German at 720p50 but in French at 1080i50. EBU Technical paper on HDTV formats

5.
Graphics display resolution
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The graphics display resolution is the width and height dimensions of an electronic visual display device, such as a computer monitor, in pixels. Certain combinations of width and height are standardized and typically given a name, a higher display resolution in a display of the same size means that displayed content appears sharper. The favored aspect ratio of mass market display industry products has changed gradually from 4,3, then to 16,10, and then to 16,9, the 4,3 aspect ratio generally reflects older products, especially the era of the cathode ray tube. The 16,10 aspect ratio had its largest use in the 1995–2010 period, and the 16,9 aspect ratio tends to reflect post-2010 mass market computer monitor, laptop, and entertainment products displays. The 4,3 aspect ratio was common in older cathode ray tube displays. The 16,10 ratio allowed some compromise between showing older 4,3 aspect ratio broadcast TV shows, but also allowing better viewing of widescreen movies. However, around the year 2005, entertainment industry displays gradually moved from 16,10 to the 16,9 aspect ratio, by about 2007, virtually all mass market entertainment displays were 16,9. In 2011, 1920×1080 was the resolution in the most heavily marketed entertainment market displays. The next standard, 3840×2160 emerged on the market in 2013, also in 2013, displays with 2560×1080 appeared, which closely approximate the common CinemaScope movie standard aspect ratio of 2. 35–2.40. In 2014,21,9 screens with pixel dimensions of 3440×1440 became available as well, in this time frame, with the notable exception of Apple, almost all desktop, laptop, and display manufacturers gradually moved to promoting only 16,9 aspect ratio displays. By 2011, the 16,10 aspect ratio had virtually disappeared from the Windows laptop display market, one consequence of this transition was that the highest available resolutions moved generally downward. NHD is a resolution of 640×360 pixels, which is exactly one ninth of a Full HD frame. Pixel doubling nHD frames will form one 720p frame and pixel tripling nHD frames will form one 1080p frame, one drawback of this resolution is that the vertical resolution is not an even multiple of 16, which is a common macroblock size for video codecs. Video frames encoded with 16×16 pixel macroblocks would be padded to 640×368, H.264 codecs have this padding and cropping ability built-in as standard. The same is true for qHD and 1080p but the amount of padding is more for lower resolutions such as nHD. To avoid storing the eight lines of padded pixels, some prefer to encode video at 624×352. When such video streams are encoded from HD frames or played back on HD displays in full screen mode they are scaled by non-integer scale factors. True nHD frames on the hand has integer scale factors

6.
CBS Broadcast Center
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The CBS Broadcast Center is a television and radio production facility located in New York City. It is CBSs main East Coast production center, much as Television City in Los Angeles is the West Coast hub, black Entertainment Television also uses the Broadcast Center for then 106 & Park and other in-studio shows for the network. CBS Television Distributions nationally syndicated newsmagazine, Inside Edition, is taped at the CBS Broadcast Center. The Broadcast Center is also the base for the CBS Radio Network. The networks Master Control on the first floor serves as the routing center for other programming distributed by Westwood One. In addition to the Broadcast Center, CBS has one major studio in Manhattan — the Ed Sullivan Theater at 1697 Broadway. The General Motors Building on Fifth Avenue and 58th Street, was the home of The Early Show until December 31,2011, the Early Shows successor, CBS This Morning, premiered from newly constructed Studio 57 at the Broadcast Center on January 9,2012. Operations moved from Grand Central to the Broadcast Center in stages, from the 1950s to 1970s, another prominent CBS stage in New York was Studio 52 at 254 West 54th Street, around the corner from Studio 50. CBS also leased the Himan Brown studios at 221 West 26th Street, now Chelsea Studios, for shows in the 1960s, 1970s. In early 2012, it was announced The Nate Berkus Show would not be renewed, after a few months it was announced that Anderson Coopers talk show would move into Studio 42 leaving its home in the Time Warner Center. Also in 2012, CBS acquired the Riverhead, Long Island-licensed WLNY-TV, following the merger, CBS moved that stations employees to the CBS Broadcast Center, with their former Melville facility maintained as the WCBS/WLNY Long Island bureau offices. WLNY currently carries one program from Broadcast Center, a 9pm newscast with WCBSs news personnel from Broadcast Center. Live from the Couch, a show airing parallel to CBS This Morning on WCBS, was broadcast on WLNY from 2012 until early 2014. The building in which the Broadcast Center is located served as a dairy depot for Sheffield Farms. CBS, which had been using studios at Grand Central Terminal and other theaters throughout Manhattan, purchased the site in 1952, until January 2000, the Broadcast Center was home to CBS-TVs soap opera As the World Turns. Defunct serials Love of Life, Search for Tomorrow, Love is a Many Splendored Thing, the show had been produced in Studio 45 at the CBS Broadcast Center from 1965-1968 before moving to West 26th street. GL used Studios 42 and 45 until its final broadcast on September 18,2009, in 1996, Brillstein-Grey Entertainment produced The Dana Carvey Show at the Broadcast Center for ABC. Former home of CBS Evening News,57, CBS News 57 Newsroom, CBSN, CBS Weekend News and CBS Morning News Official website

7.
Manhattan
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Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the citys historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1,1683, Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough and it is historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626 for 60 guilders which equals US$1062 today. New York County is the United States second-smallest county by land area, on business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile. Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York Citys five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, the City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of the citys government. The name Manhattan derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, a 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River. The word Manhattan has been translated as island of hills from the Lenape language. The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use New York, NY rather than Manhattan, the area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano – sailing in service of King Francis I of France – was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. It was not until the voyage of Henry Hudson, an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company, a permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam, the 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. In 1846, New York historian John Romeyn Brodhead converted the figure of Fl 60 to US$23, variable-rate myth being a contradiction in terms, the purchase price remains forever frozen at twenty-four dollars, as Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace remarked in their history of New York. Sixty guilders in 1626 was valued at approximately $1,000 in 2006, based on the price of silver, Straight Dope author Cecil Adams calculated an equivalent of $72 in 1992. In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony, New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York after the English Duke of York and Albany, the Dutch Republic regained it in August 1673 with a fleet of 21 ships, renaming the city New Orange. Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16,1776. The city, greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the campaign, became the British political, British occupation lasted until November 25,1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city

8.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange

9.
New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the United States, the New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State, two-thirds of the states population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, the next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. New York has a diverse geography and these more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario, between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade, the British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state, New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. On April 17,1524 Verrazanno entered New York Bay, by way of the now called the Narrows into the northern bay which he named Santa Margherita. Verrazzano described it as a vast coastline with a delta in which every kind of ship could pass and he adds. This vast sheet of water swarmed with native boats and he landed on the tip of Manhattan and possibly on the furthest point of Long Island. Verrazannos stay was interrupted by a storm which pushed him north towards Marthas Vineyard, in 1540 French traders from New France built a chateau on Castle Island, within present-day Albany, due to flooding, it was abandoned the next year. In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Corstiaensen, rebuilt the French chateau, Fort Nassau was the first Dutch settlement in North America, and was located along the Hudson River, also within present-day Albany. The small fort served as a trading post and warehouse, located on the Hudson River flood plain, the rudimentary fort was washed away by flooding in 1617, and abandoned for good after Fort Orange was built nearby in 1623. Henry Hudsons 1609 voyage marked the beginning of European involvement with the area, sailing for the Dutch East India Company and looking for a passage to Asia, he entered the Upper New York Bay on September 11 of that year

10.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci

11.
CBS
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CBS is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major facilities and operations in New York City. CBS is sometimes referred to as the Eye Network, in reference to the iconic logo. It has also called the Tiffany Network, alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley. It can also refer to some of CBSs first demonstrations of color television, the network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc. a collection of 16 radio stations that was purchased by Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System. Under Paleys guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States, in 1974, CBS dropped its former full name and became known simply as CBS, Inc. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom, which was formed as a spin-off of CBS in 1971, CBS Corporation is controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, which also controls the current Viacom. The television network has more than 240 owned-and-operated and affiliated stations throughout the United States. The origins of CBS date back to January 27,1927, Columbia Phonographic went on the air on September 18,1927, with a presentation by the Howard Barlow Orchestra from flagship station WOR in Newark, New Jersey, and fifteen affiliates. Operational costs were steep, particularly the payments to AT&T for use of its land lines, in early 1928 Judson sold the network to brothers Isaac and Leon Levy, owners of the networks Philadelphia affiliate WCAU, and their partner Jerome Louchenheim. With the record out of the picture, Paley quickly streamlined the corporate name to Columbia Broadcasting System. He believed in the power of advertising since his familys La Palina cigars had doubled their sales after young William convinced his elders to advertise on radio. By September 1928, Paley bought out the Louchenheim share of CBS, during Louchenheims brief regime, Columbia paid $410,000 to A. H. Grebes Atlantic Broadcasting Company for a small Brooklyn station, WABC, which would become the networks flagship station. WABC was quickly upgraded, and the relocated to 860 kHz. The physical plant was relocated also – to Steinway Hall on West 57th Street in Manhattan, by the turn of 1929, the network could boast to sponsors of having 47 affiliates. Paley moved right away to put his network on a financial footing. In the fall of 1928, he entered talks with Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures. The deal came to fruition in September 1929, Paramount acquired 49% of CBS in return for a block of its stock worth $3.8 million at the time

12.
CBS Sports Network
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ACC Select was a subscription-based internet television service hosted by CBS College Sports Network that broadcasts live Atlantic Coast Conference sporting events. ACC Select broadcasts over 600 sporting events each year, including many of the conferences otherwise untelevised college football games. The service was hosted by PlayOn, ACC Select has been superseded by the ACC Digital Network

13.
Streaming media
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Streaming media is multimedia that is constantly received by and presented to an end-user while being delivered by a provider. A client end-user can use their player to begin to play the data file before the entire file has been transmitted. For example, in the 1930s, elevator music was among the earliest popularly available streaming media, the term streaming media can apply to media other than video and audio such as live closed captioning, ticker tape, and real-time text, which are all considered streaming text. As of 2017, streaming is generally taken to refer to cases where a user watches digital video content or listens to audio content on a computer screen. With streaming content, the user does not have to download the digital video or digital audio file before they start to watch/listen to it. There are challenges with streaming content on the Internet, as of 2016, two popular streaming services are the video sharing website YouTube, which contains video and audio files on a huge range of topics and Netflix, which streams movies and TV shows. Live streaming refers to Internet content delivered in real-time, as events happen, Live internet streaming requires a form of source media, an encoder to digitize the content, a media publisher, and a content delivery network to distribute and deliver the content. Live streaming does not need to be recorded at the origination point, in the early 1920s, George O. Attempts to display media on computers date back to the earliest days of computing in the mid-20th century, however, little progress was made for several decades, primarily due to the high cost and limited capabilities of computer hardware. From the late 1980s through the 1990s, consumer-grade personal computers became powerful enough to various media. These technological improvement facilitated the streaming of audio and video content to users in their homes and workplaces. The band Severe Tire Damage was the first group to live on the Internet. On June 24,1993, the band was playing a gig at Xerox PARC while elsewhere in the building, as proof of PARCs technology, the bands performance was broadcast and could be seen live in Australia and elsewhere. Microsoft Research developed a Microsoft TV application which was compiled under MS Windows Studio Suite, realNetworks was also a pioneer in the streaming media markets, when it broadcast a baseball game between the New York Yankees and the Seattle Mariners over the Internet in 1995. The first symphonic concert on the Internet took place at the Paramount Theater in Seattle, the concert was a collaboration between The Seattle Symphony and various guest musicians such as Slash, Matt Cameron, and Barrett Martin. When Word Magazine launched in 1995, they featured the first-ever streaming soundtracks on the Internet.4 in 1999, in June 1999 Apple also introduced a streaming media format in its QuickTime 4 application. It was later widely adopted on websites along with RealPlayer. In 2000 Industryview. com launched its worlds largest streaming video archive website to help promote themselves

14.
Kindle Fire
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The Kindle Fire is a tablet computer developed by Amazon. com. The Kindle Fire HD followed in September 2012, and the Kindle Fire HDX in September 2013, in September 2014, when the fourth generation was introduced, the adjective Kindle was dropped. In September 2015, the fifth generation Fire 7 was released, followed by the sixth generation Fire HD8, on September 7,2012, upgrades to the device were announced with consumer availability to those European countries with a localized version of Amazons website. The original Kindle Fire retailed for US$199 in 2011, estimates of the devices initial bill of materials cost ranged from $150 to $202. Amazons business strategy was stated in 2011 as making money through sales of digital content on the Fire, rather than through sales of the device itself. On September 6,2012, the Kindle Fire was upgraded to the second generation, a more powerful and video-friendly version, the Kindle Fire HD was also made available, initially priced at $199 and $299. On September 25,2013, the Kindle Fire HD was upgraded as the third generation Fire, priced at US$139, the Kindle Fire HDX had an improved graphics engine, double the memory, and triple the processor speed of the previous model. The 7-inch and 8. 99-inch versions were introduced at US$229, in September 2014, the Fire HDX8.9 and the Fire HD were upgraded to the fourth generation of Fire tablets, removing the Kindle adjective in the naming scheme. There was also the Fire HD6 that has a screen with a quad-core processor priced at US$99. In September 2015, Amazon announced the release of the Fire 7, as of March 2016 it was the lowest-priced Amazon tablet. In June 2016, its price was dropped briefly to US$39.99 and this fifth generation tablet includes for the first time a micro SD card slot for extra storage. In September 2016, Amazon announced the release of the Fire HD8, as with most of Amazon’s devices, the aim isn’t to make money off of the hardware but instead to sell digital content such as books, movies, and TV shows to users reports Fortune. The Kindle Fire hardware was manufactured by Quanta Computer, which had also helped design the BlackBerry PlayBook. First-generation Kindle Fire devices employed a 1-GHz Texas Instruments OMAP4430 dual-core processor, the device has a 2-point multi-touch color LCD screen with a diagonal length of 7 inches and a 600×1024-pixel resolution. Connectivity is through 802. 11n Wi-Fi and USB2.0, the device includes 8 GB of internal storage—said to be enough for 80 applications, plus either 10 movies or 800 songs or 6,000 books. The first-generation Kindle Fire has a sensor on the upper corner of the screen. This was widely considered to be a sensor, disabled since an early software upgrade. The first generation of Kindle Fire devices run a customized Android 2.3.3 Gingerbread OS, the second-generation Kindle Fire HD runs a customized Android 4.0.3 Ice Cream Sandwich OS

15.
Apple TV
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Apple TV is a digital media player and microconsole developed and sold by Apple Inc. It is a network appliance and entertainment device that can receive digital data from a number of sources. Apple TV is an HDMI-compliant source device, to use it for viewing, it has to be connected to an enhanced-definition or high-definition widescreen television via an HDMI cable. Its Wi-Fi capability is used to receive digital content from various iOS apps using AirPlay or directly from the iTunes Store. It plays content from any macOS or Windows computer running iTunes, Apple began to promote the Live Tune-In feature that allows the viewer to ask Siri to tune to live streams of CBS, ESPN, and Disney XD among others that support Live Tune-In. Apple TV was unveiled as a work in progress called iTV on September 12,2006 using a modified Front Row interface using the Apple Remote, Apple started taking pre-orders for Apple TV on January 9,2007. Apple TV started shipping on March 21,2007 with a 40 GB hard disk, Apple released a 160 GB HDD model on May 31,2007, and ceased selling the 40 GB HDD version on September 14,2009. The update allowed the device to rent and purchase content directly from iTunes Store, as well as podcasts and stream photos from MobileMe. Later updates to the Apple TV, iTunes and Remote software added support for the iPad, the second generation Apple TV was unveiled on September 1,2010, and was the first to run on a variant of iOS. The device was now housed in a very small all-black case, the new model did away with an internal hard drive and had 8 GB internal flash storage, enough local storage for buffering purposes, all media was now streamed, instead of synced. The new device could also stream rented content from iTunes and video from computers or iOS devices via AirPlay, All content is drawn from online or locally connected sources. In July 2011, Apple discontinued the Front Row interface for Mac users, in the March 7,2012 presentation that mainly dealt with the third generation iPad, Apple CEO Tim Cook announced a third version of the Apple TV. The third generation Apple TV is externally identical to the second generation model and it also supports 1080p content from iTunes and Netflix. On January 28,2013, Apple released a third generation Rev A which included component changes, on March 9,2015, Apple reduced the price of the third generation Apple TV to $69. On October 4,2016, 9to5Mac reported that Apple had phased out the Apple TV3, with Apple Store employees instructed to all units. Shortly afterwards, Apple took down the page for the Apple TV3 from its website. On September 9,2015, Apple announced the fourth generation Apple TV and it is the first major update to the platform since the release of the second generation Apple TV on September 1,2010. Tim Cook took the stage and said The future of TV is apps and he also stated that the Apple TV needed a modern OS

16.
Roku
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The Roku Streaming Player, or simply Roku, is a series of digital media player set-top boxes manufactured by Roku, Inc. Roku partners provide over-the-top content in the form of channels, the name comes from the Japanese word roku meaning six. A Roku streaming device gets data via a wired or Wi-Fi connection to an Internet router, the data is output via an audio cable, video cable, or HDMI cable. The device can be connected to any set with appropriate input connections. Roku announced the first Netflix Internet video streaming receiver box—the Roku DVP—on May 20,2008, before Autumn 2010, three versions of the Roku DVP were available, the Roku SD, HD, and HD-XR. The Roku SD only streams standard definition content, the Roku HD streams both SD and HD content. The Roku SD and HD both have an Ethernet connection and built in 802. 11g Wi‑Fi compatible with wireless b, g, and n routers. The Roku HD-XR, which streams both SD and HD content, has built in dual-band 802. 11n WiFi support and a USB port on the back, Roku revamped its lineup of devices in September 2010. The revised HD became the model of the line, offering 720p resolution,802. 11g WiFi reception. The middle of the model, the XD, added 1080p resolution, an enhanced remote with replay capabilities. The top-level XD|S offered component video and optical audio outputs, dual-band wireless N, and a USB port for playing videos, photos, on July 20,2011, Roku updated its product lineup with three new boxes. However, the Ethernet connection and remote with motion control for games are only on the XS model. The Roku Game Remote uses Hillcrest Labs Freespace motion control technology, the Netflix application was revamped for the Roku 2 HD, Roku 2 XD and Roku 2 XS, the current models now provide the option of subtitles, when the program provides them. On October 11,2011, the Roku LT was introduced as a lower cost, i/O consists of two AV ports, one HDMI, and one 3.5 mini plug composite SD analog. The same content capability is available, except it cannot play games, there is no Ethernet port nor microSD card slot. The feature Roku Search was added on October 29,2012 and this feature allows users to search movie and TV show titles, actors, and directors for multiple services on Roku such as Amazon Video, HBO Go, and Netflix. The feature is available on Roku 2, Roku Streaming Stick, Roku LT. This feature appears to work in the USA

17.
Kodi (software)
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Kodi is a free and open-source media player software application developed by the XBMC Foundation, a non-profit technology consortium. Kodi is available for operating systems and hardware platforms, with a software 10-foot user interface for use with televisions. It allows users to play and view most streaming media, such as videos, music, podcasts and it is a multi-platform home-theater PC application. The later versions also have a personal video-recorder graphical front end for receiving live television with electronic program guide, derivative applications such as MediaPortal and Plex have been spun off from XBMC or Kodi, as well as Just enough operating systems like OpenELEC and LibreELEC. These devices, and the add-ons that facilitate this infringement, are not affiliated with the Kodi project, the XBMC Foundation has not endorsed any of these products, and has threatened legal action against those using its trademarks to promote them. Kodi supports most common audio, video, and image formats, playlists, audio visualizations, slideshows, weather forecasts reporting, Kodi also functions as a game launcher on any operating system. The ending of Xbox support by the project was also the reason that it was renamed XBMC from the old Xbox Media Center name. The Xbox version of XBMC had the ability to console games. Since the XBMC for Xbox version was never distributed, endorsed, or supported by Microsoft, Kodi has greater basic hardware requirements than traditional 2D style software applications, it needs a 3D capable graphics hardware controller for all rendering. By taking advantage of such hardware-accelerated video decoding, Kodi can play back most videos on many inexpensive, low-performance systems, the latest version of XBMC supports over 74 languages. Kodi developers encourage users to make and submit their own addons to expand media content, many of these online content sources are in over-the-top content high definition services and use video streaming site as sources for the media content that is offered. Not all content sources on add-ons are available in every country, Kodi features an integrated Python Scripts interpreter for addon extensions, and WindowXML application framework in a similar fashion to Apple macOS Dashboard Widgets and Microsoft Gadgets. Python widget scripts allow normal users to add new functionality to Kodi themselves and these scrapers are used as importers to obtain detailed information from various Internet resources about movies and television shows. It can get synopses, reviews, movie posters, titles, genre classification, XBMCGUI then provides a rich display for audio and video files that the scrapers have identified. Fanart.11, and Touch which introduced with XBMC version 11.0 being design for small devices with touchscreen displays. Project Mayhem had been the default before XBMC version 9.1, users can also create their own skin and share it with others via public websites that are used for Kodi skin trading and development. In addition to skins and themes users can create a package called a build. Within this package homebrew developers are able to distribute a skin, the delivery mechanism used within the Kodi scene is called a wizard with the Replicant Wizard being the most prominent

18.
Microsoft Store (digital)
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Windows Store is an app store for Microsoft Windows, starting with Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012. It is the means of distributing Universal Windows Platform apps. Both free and paid apps can be distributed through Windows Store, Windows Store was first made available with the Windows 8 Consumer Preview on February 29,2012. Later in 2015, Windows Phone Store, Xbox Video and Xbox Music stores were merged into Windows Store, as with other similar platforms, such as the Mac App Store and Google Play, Windows Store is curated and apps must be certified for compatibility and content. With all app sales, Microsoft takes 30% of the sale price, prior to January 1,2015, the cut was reduced to 20% after the developers profits reached $25,000. Games, Entertainment, Books and Reference, and Education are the largest categories by number of apps, Microsoft previously maintained a similar digital distribution system for software known as Windows Marketplace, which allowed customers to purchase software online and download it to their computer. Product keys and licenses were tracked by the platform, allowing users to retrieve their purchases when switching computers, Windows Marketplace was discontinued in November 2008. Microsoft first announced a distribution service for Windows at its presentation during the Build developer conference on September 13,2011. For consumers, Windows Store is intended to be the way to obtain Metro-style apps. While announced alongside the Developer Preview release of Windows 8, Windows Store itself did not become available until the Consumer Preview, an updated version of Windows Store was introduced in Windows 8.1. Its home page was remodeled to display apps in focused categories with expanded details, Windows Store serves as a unified storefront for Windows 10 on all platforms, offering apps, Groove Music soundtracks, Microsoft Movies & TV videos, themes, and ebooks purchases. Web apps and desktop software can be packaged for distribution on Windows Store, desktop software distributed through Windows Store will be packaged using the App-V system to allow sandboxing. Windows Store is available in Windows Server 2012 but is not installed by default, Windows Store is the primary means of distributing Windows Store apps to users. Although sideloading apps from outside the store is supported, out-of-box sideloading support on Windows 8 is only available for Windows 8 Enterprise computers that have joined a Windows domain. Sideloading on Windows RT and Windows 8 Pro devices, and Windows 8 Enterprise computers without a domain affiliation, Windows 10 removes this requirement, allowing users to enable the installation of universal apps from outside of Windows Store using a switch in the developer menu of Settings app. Microsoft takes a 30% cut of app sales until it reaches US$25,000 in revenue, third-party transactions are also allowed, of which Microsoft does not take a cut. Effective January 1,2015, the reduction in cut at $25,000 will be removed, individual developers are able to register for $19 USD and companies for $99 USD. Developers from 120 countries can submit apps to Windows Store, the app now can support any of 109 languages, as long as it supports one of 12 app certification languages

19.
IOS
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IOS is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware. It is the system that presently powers many of the companys mobile devices, including the iPhone, iPad. It is the second most popular operating system globally after Android. IPad tablets are also the second most popular, by sales, originally unveiled in 2007 for the iPhone, iOS has been extended to support other Apple devices such as the iPod Touch and the iPad. As of January 2017, Apples App Store contains more than 2.2 million iOS applications,1 million of which are native for iPads and these mobile apps have collectively been downloaded more than 130 billion times. The iOS user interface is based upon direct manipulation, using multi-touch gestures, interface control elements consist of sliders, switches, and buttons. Internal accelerometers are used by applications to respond to shaking the device or rotating it in three dimensions. Apple has been praised for incorporating thorough accessibility functions into iOS, enabling users with vision. Major versions of iOS are released annually, the current version, iOS10, was released on September 13,2016. In iOS, there are four layers, the Core OS, Core Services, Media. In 2005, when Steve Jobs began planning the iPhone, he had a choice to either shrink the Mac, forstall was also responsible for creating a software development kit for programmers to build iPhone apps, as well as an App Store within iTunes. The operating system was unveiled with the iPhone at the Macworld Conference & Expo on January 9,2007, and released in June of that year. At the time of its unveiling in January, Steve Jobs claimed, iPhone runs OS X and runs applications, but at the time of the iPhones release. Initially, third-party native applications were not supported, Steve Jobs reasoning was that developers could build web applications through the Safari web browser that would behave like native apps on the iPhone. In October 2007, Apple announced that a native Software Development Kit was under development, on March 6,2008, Apple held a press event, announcing the iPhone SDK. The iOS App Store was opened on July 10,2008 with an initial 500 applications available.2 million in January 2017, as of March 2016,1 million apps are natively compatible with the iPad tablet computer. These apps have collectively been downloaded more than 130 billion times, App intelligence firm Sensor Tower has estimated that the App Store will reach 5 million apps by the year 2020. On September 5,2007, Apple released the iPod Touch, Apple also sold more than one million iPhones during the 2007 holiday season

20.
Android (operating system)
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Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on the Linux kernel and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. In addition to devices, Google has further developed Android TV for televisions, Android Auto for cars. Variants of Android are also used on notebooks, game consoles, digital cameras, beginning with the first commercial Android device in September 2008, the operating system has gone through multiple major releases, with the current version being 7.0 Nougat, released in August 2016. Android applications can be downloaded from the Google Play store, which features over 2.7 million apps as of February 2017, Android has been the best-selling OS on tablets since 2013, and runs on the vast majority of smartphones. In September 2015, Android had 1.4 billion monthly active users, Android is popular with technology companies that require a ready-made, low-cost and customizable operating system for high-tech devices. The success of Android has made it a target for patent, Android Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California in October 2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears, and Chris White. Rubin described the Android project as tremendous potential in developing smarter mobile devices that are aware of its owners location. The early intentions of the company were to develop an operating system for digital cameras. Despite the past accomplishments of the founders and early employees, Android Inc. operated secretly and that same year, Rubin ran out of money. Steve Perlman, a friend of Rubin, brought him $10,000 in cash in an envelope. In July 2005, Google acquired Android Inc. for at least $50 million and its key employees, including Rubin, Miner and White, joined Google as part of the acquisition. Not much was known about Android at the time, with Rubin having only stated that they were making software for mobile phones, at Google, the team led by Rubin developed a mobile device platform powered by the Linux kernel. Google marketed the platform to handset makers and carriers on the promise of providing a flexible, upgradeable system, Google had lined up a series of hardware components and software partners and signaled to carriers that it was open to various degrees of cooperation. Speculation about Googles intention to enter the communications market continued to build through December 2006. In September 2007, InformationWeek covered an Evalueserve study reporting that Google had filed several patent applications in the area of mobile telephony, the first commercially available smartphone running Android was the HTC Dream, also known as T-Mobile G1, announced on September 23,2008. Since 2008, Android has seen numerous updates which have improved the operating system, adding new features. Each major release is named in order after a dessert or sugary treat, with the first few Android versions being called Cupcake, Donut, Eclair. In 2010, Google launched its Nexus series of devices, a lineup in which Google partnered with different device manufacturers to produce new devices and introduce new Android versions

21.
News channel
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News broadcasting is the medium of broadcasting of various news events and other information via television, radio or internet in the field of broadcast journalism. The content is either produced locally in a radio studio or television studio newsroom. It may also include additional material such as coverage, weather forecasts, traffic reports, commentary. Television news refers to disseminating current events via the medium of television, a news bulletin or a newscast are television programs lasting from seconds to hours that provide updates on world, national, regional or local news events. In addition to news outlets, there are specialized news outlets, for example about sports. Television channels may provide news bulletins as part of a scheduled news program. Less often, television shows may be interrupted or replaced by breaking news reports to news updates on events of great importance. In January 2000, freelance reporters for the former Pacifica Network News engaged in a strike, citing censorship by Pacificas then Executive Director, the strike lasted twenty-six months until March 2002 when the board was replaced. Free Speech Radio News was formed in 2000 as an independent newscast by the strikers and has remained an independent program since that time, from March 2002 to September 2013, FSRN was aired and distributed by the Pacifica Network, and received major financial support from Pacifica. In September,2013, the board of directors of FSRN issued a notice to all staff. The board cited financial difficulties as the reason for the decision, in most parts of the world, national television networks will have bulletins featuring national and international news. The top-rated shows will air in the evening during prime time. Rolling news channels broadcast news content 24 hours a day, local news may be presented by standalone local television stations, stations affiliated with national networks or by local studios which opt-out of national network programming at specified points. Different news programming may be aimed at different audiences, depending on age, magazine-style television shows may mix news coverage with topical lifestyle issues, debates or entertainment content. Public affairs programs provide analysis of and interviews about political, social, there may also be breaking news stories which will present live rolling coverage. Television news organizations employ several anchors and reporters to provide reports, packages will usually be filmed at a relevant location and edited in an editing suite in a newsroom or a remote contribution edit suite in a location some distance from the newsroom. They may also be edited in mobile editing trucks, or satellite trucks, Live coverage will be broadcast from a relevant location and sent back to the newsroom via fixed cable links, microwave radio, production truck, satellite truck or via online streaming. Most news shows are broadcast live, Radio news broadcasts can range from as little as a minute to as much as the stations entire schedule, such as the case of all-news radio, or talk radio

22.
Mobile app
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A mobile application software or mobile app is an application software designed to run on mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Some pre-installed apps can be removed by an ordinary uninstall process, where the software does not allow this, some devices can be rooted to eliminate the undesired apps. Native mobile apps often stand in contrast to desktop applications that run on desktop computers, Apps that are not preinstalled are usually available through distribution platforms called app stores. They began appearing in 2008 and are operated by the owner of the mobile operating system, such as the Apple App Store, Google Play, Windows Phone Store. Some apps are free, while others must be bought, usually, they are downloaded from the platform to a target device, but sometimes they can be downloaded to laptops or desktop computers. For apps with a price, generally a percentage, 20-30%, goes to the provider. The same app can therefore cost a different price depending on the mobile platform, the term app is a shortening of the term application software. It has become popular, and in 2010 was listed as Word of the Year by the American Dialect Society. In 2009, technology columnist David Pogue said that newer smartphones could be nicknamed app phones to distinguish them from earlier less-sophisticated smartphones, Mobile apps were originally offered for general productivity and information retrieval, including email, calendar, contacts, stock market and weather information. However, public demand and the availability of developer tools drove rapid expansion into other categories, in 2014 government regulatory agencies began trying to regulate and curate apps, particularly medical apps. Some companies offer apps as a method to deliver content with certain advantages over an official website. Usage of mobile apps has become increasingly prevalent across mobile phone users, a May 2012 comScore study reported that during the previous quarter, more mobile subscribers used apps than browsed the web on their devices,51. 1% vs.49. 8% respectively. Researchers found that usage of mobile apps strongly correlates with user context and depends on users location, Mobile apps are playing an ever-increasing role within healthcare and when designed and integrated correctly can yield many benefits. Market research firm Gartner predicted that 102 billion apps would be downloaded in 2013, by Q22015, the Google Play and Apple stores alone generated $5 billion. Developing apps for mobile devices requires considering the constraints and features of these devices, Mobile devices run on battery and have less powerful processors than personal computers and also have more features such as location detection and cameras. Developers also have to consider an array of screen sizes, hardware specifications and configurations because of intense competition in mobile software. Mobile application development requires use of specialized integrated development environments, Mobile apps are first tested within the development environment using emulators and later subjected to field testing. Emulators provide a way to test applications on mobile phones to which developers may not have physical access

23.
Digital media player
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Digital media players are home entertainment consumer electronics devices first introduced in 2000 that can connect to a home network to stream digital media. They should not be confused with media players, which are portable consumer electronics devices capable of storing and playing digital media such as audio, images. Most digital media players utilize a 10-foot user interface, and many are navigated via a remote control. com and these types of digital media player are sometimes referred to as HD Media Players or HDD Media Player if they can support a Hard Disk Drive installed inside. The means to play files on a network-connected digital media player that is permanently connected to a television. Digital media players fill this market niche, the rapid growth in the availability of online content, including digital music and video files and video games, has made it easier for consumers to use these devices and obtain content. YouTube, for instance, is a common plug-in available on most networked devices, Netflix has also struck deals with many consumer-electronics makers to make their interface available in the devices menus, for their streaming subscribers. Media players are often designed for compactness and affordability, and tend to have small or non-existent hardware displays other than simple LED lights to indicate whether the device is powered on, some remotes also include accelerometers for air mouse features which allow basic motion gaming. They are also incapable of recording audio or video. Digital media players are commonly referred to as a digital media extender, digital media streamer, digital media hub, digital media adapter. Digital media player manufacturers use a variety of names to describe their devices, some more commonly used alternative names include, A digital media player can connect to the home network using either a wireless or wired Ethernet connection. Digital media players includes an interface that allows users to navigate through their digital media library, search for. Stream movies, music, photos over the wired or wireless network View digital pictures Stream online video to a TV from services such as Netflix, play video games such as Angry Birds and others. Browse the Internet, check email and access social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, video conference by connecting a webcam and microphone. The models change frequently, so it is advisable to visit their web sites for current model names and these devices come with low power consumption processors or SoC and are most commonly either based on MIPS or ARM architecture processors combined with integrated DSP GPU in a SoC package. They also include RAM-memory and some type of type of non-volatile computer memory. All these can play computer-based media files to a television without the need for a computer or network connection. Some players come with USB ports which allow local media content playback, digital media players can usually play H.264, MPEG-4 Part 2, MPEG-1, MPEG-2. mpg, MPEG-2. TS, VOB and ISO images video, with PCM, MP3 and AC3 audio tracks. They can also display images and play music files, some digital media players will only connect to specific media server software installed on a PC to stream music, pictures and recorded or live TV originating from the computer

24.
Amazon Fire TV
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Amazon Fire TV refers to two generations of digital media players and microconsoles developed by Amazon. com. It is a network appliance and entertainment device designed to stream digital audio/video content to a high-definition television. The device also allows users to video games with the included remote, via a mobile app. The first-generation device featured 2 GB of RAM, MIMO dual-band Wi-Fi, and it supported 1080p streaming and Dolby Digital Plus 7.1 surround sound but was dependent on internet bandwidth of the user. Unveiled on April 2,2014, the Amazon Fire TV was made available for purchase in the US the same day for US$99 and was launched with a game called Sev Zero. In 2015, the Amazon Fire TV was released with improved processor speed, Amazon Fire TV is also available in the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan. The developmental code name of the Fire TV was Bueller, named after the character from Ferris Buellers Day Off. The Fire TV offers HDMI and optical audio, with support for Dolby Digital Plus and 7.1 surround sound pass-through, along with an Ethernet port and it has a dedicated controller accessory. Amazon released a 2nd-generation Fire TV in late 2015, the 2nd generation features 4K Ultra High Definition support, improved processor performance, and a MediaTek 8173C chipset to support H.265, VP8, and VP9 codecs. Wireless hardware upgrades includes a dual-band 802. 11a/b/g/n/ac Wi-Fi with 2x2 MIMO, on November 19,2014, Amazon released a smaller version of the Fire TV called the Fire TV Stick. It is an HDMI-port plug-in device that replicates much of the functionality of the larger Fire TV. Its hardware is different, it has 1 GB of RAM,8 GB of storage, weighs 0.9 oz. and it uses a Broadcom BCM28145 dual-core 1.2 GHz Cortex-A9 processor. Wireless hardware includes a dual-band 802.11 b/g/n Wi-Fi with 2x2 MIMO and Bluetooth 3.0 The Fire TV Stick is bundled with a TV remote, on October 20,2016, Amazon released Fire TV Stick with Alexa Voice Remote. Other than the new remote, the updates include Mediatek 8127D Quad-core ARM1.3 GHz processor with a Mali-450 MP4 GPU, wireless hardware upgrades includes a dual-band 802. 11a/b/g/n/ac Wi-Fi with 2x2 MIMO and Bluetooth 4.1. It retains the 1GB of RAM and 8GB of storage and weighs slightly more at 1.1 oz, the device initially ran Fire OS3.0, based on Android Jelly Bean 4.2. According to Amazon, that made it simple for developers to port their services and games over to Fire TV, private listening on Fire TV, adds support for wireless Bluetooth headphones to Fire TV. Browse and search Prime Playlists, Prime members can now take advantage of Prime Music playlists from Fire TV with hundreds of expertly curated Prime Playlists to pick from, hidden PIN entry, the PIN entry screen hides the numbers selected. New shortcuts put the users Fire TV to sleep or enable display mirroring by pressing and holding the Home button on the remote

25.
CBS Overnight News
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CBS Overnight News is an American overnight television news program that is broadcast on CBS during the early morning hours each Monday through Friday. It also featured rebroadcasts of selected stories from CBS News Sunday Morning,48 Hours,60 Minutes, from 2013 to 2015, the program was solo anchored by Anne Marie Green, who also anchored the networks early-morning news program CBS Morning News. Most CBS stations air the CBS Morning News at 4,00 a. m. local time or earlier and its main competitor is ABCs World News Now, which follows a more irreverent format than the more straightforward news style of CBS. Production of Nightwatch was later moved from New York City to Washington, D. C. at which time Charlie Rose and Lark McCarthy became the programs anchors. CBS announced its decision to cancel Nightwatch in early 1992, and replaced it with a news program, Up to the Minute. Regular on-air contributors to Up to the Minute included John Quain and these graphics were updated in 2005,2006,2009, and then again in 2011 to match the current look of the CBS Evening News. In March 2009, when Michelle Gielan was named anchor of Up to the Minute, production of the program was integrated with the CBS Morning News, until then, Up to the Minute had continued to broadcast in standard definition. On June 25,2015, Newsday reported that CBS News had decided to cancel Up to the Minute, up to the Minute ended its run after 23 years on September 18,2015. The CBS Evening News branding remains on the story packages, the Overnight News room is staffed to accommodate breaking news at all times

26.
BuzzFeed
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BuzzFeed is an American internet media company based in New York City. BuzzFeed was founded in 2006 as a lab, focusing on tracking viral content, by Jonah Peretti. Kenneth Lerer, co-founder and chairman of The Huffington Post, started as a co-founder, the company has grown into a global media and technology company providing coverage on a variety of topics including politics, DIY, animals and business. In late 2011, Ben Smith of Politico was hired as editor-in-chief to expand the site into serious journalism, long-form journalism, the website has met criticism over accusations of plagiarism. While working at the Huffington Post, Peretti started BuzzFeed as a project, in 2006. In the beginning, BuzzFeed employed no writers or editors, just an algorithm to cull stories from around the web that were showing stirrings of virality, perettis first hire was Peggy Wang, whom hed taught as a student at a private high school in New Orleans. The site initially launched an instant messaging client, BuzzBot, which messaged users a link to popular content, the messages were sent based on algorithms which examined the links that were being quickly disseminated, scouring through the feeds of hundreds of blogs that were aggregating them. Later, the site began spotlighting the most popular links that BuzzBot found, Peretti hired curators to help describe the content that was popular around the web. In 2011, Peretti hired Politicos Ben Smith, who earlier had achieved attention as a political blogger. In August 2014, BuzzFeed raised $50 million from the capital firm Andreessen Horowitz. The site was valued at around $850 million by Andreessen Horowitz. BuzzFeed generates its revenue through native advertising that matches its own editorial content. Buzzfeed also uses its familiarity with media to target conventional advertising through other channels. In December 2014, growth equity firm General Atlantic acquired $50M in secondary stock of the company, in August 2015, NBCUniversal made a $200 million equity investment in Buzzfeed. In October 2016, BuzzFeed raised $200 million from Comcast’s TV and movie arm NBCUniversal, BuzzFeeds first acquisition was in 2012 when the company purchased Kingfish Labs, a startup founded by Rob Fishman, initially focused on optimizing Facebook ads. On October 28,2014, BuzzFeed announced its next acquisition, the Torando team was to become BuzzFeeds first data engineering team. BuzzFeed produces daily content, in which the work of staff reporters, contributors, syndicated cartoon artists, popular formats on the website include lists, videos, and quizzes. In that year, BuzzFeed deleted over 4000 early posts, apparently because, as passed, they looked stupider and stupider

27.
The New York Times
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The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18,1851, by The New York Times Company. The New York Times has won 119 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper, the papers print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind The Wall Street Journal, and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the US. The New York Times is ranked 18th in the world by circulation, following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The New York Times has long been regarded within the industry as a newspaper of record. The New York Times international version, formerly the International Herald Tribune, is now called the New York Times International Edition, the papers motto, All the News Thats Fit to Print, appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page. On Sunday, The New York Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review, The New York Times Book Review, The New York Times Magazine and T, some other early investors of the company were Edwin B. Morgan and Edward B. We do not believe that everything in Society is either right or exactly wrong, —what is good we desire to preserve and improve, —what is evil, to exterminate. In 1852, the started a western division, The Times of California that arrived whenever a mail boat got to California. However, when local California newspapers came into prominence, the effort failed, the newspaper shortened its name to The New-York Times in 1857. It dropped the hyphen in the city name in the 1890s, One of the earliest public controversies it was involved with was the Mortara Affair, the subject of twenty editorials it published alone. At Newspaper Row, across from City Hall, Henry Raymond, owner and editor of The New York Times, averted the rioters with Gatling guns, in 1869, Raymond died, and George Jones took over as publisher. Tweed offered The New York Times five million dollars to not publish the story, in the 1880s, The New York Times transitioned gradually from editorially supporting Republican Party candidates to becoming more politically independent and analytical. In 1884, the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland in his first presidential campaign, while this move cost The New York Times readership among its more progressive and Republican readers, the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years. However, the newspaper was financially crippled by the Panic of 1893, the paper slowly acquired a reputation for even-handedness and accurate modern reporting, especially by the 1890s under the guidance of Ochs. Under Ochs guidance, continuing and expanding upon the Henry Raymond tradition, The New York Times achieved international scope, circulation, in 1910, the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began. The New York Times first trans-Atlantic delivery by air to London occurred in 1919 by dirigible, airplane Edition was sent by plane to Chicago so it could be in the hands of Republican convention delegates by evening. In the 1940s, the extended its breadth and reach. The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942, and the section in 1946

28.
Leslie Moonves
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Leslie Roy Moonves is Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer of CBS Corporation. Moonves served as Co-President and Co-Chief Operating Officer of Viacom, Inc. the predecessor to CBS Corporation, prior to that, he had a series of executive positions at CBS, since July 1995. He has been a Director at ZeniMax Media since 1999 and he became Chairman of CBS in February 2016. Moonves was born to a Jewish family in New York City, the son of Josephine and Herman Moonves and he attended Valley Stream Central High School and went to Bucknell University, graduating in 1971. Moonves had upper management experience early in his business career and he was in charge of first-run syndication and pay/cable programming at 20th Century Fox Television. Also at 20th Century Fox Television he was president of movies and mini-series. Other positions included vice president of Development at Saul Ilson Productions, Moonves joined Lorimar Television in 1985 as executive in charge of its movies and mini-series, and in 1988, became head of creative affairs. From 1990 to 1993, he was president at Lorimar, in July 1993, he became president/CEO of Warner Bros. Television, when Warner Bros. and Lorimar Television combined operations, in this phase of his career, he green-lighted the hit shows Friends and ER, among many others. He joined CBS in July 1995 as president of CBS Entertainment, from April 1998 until 2003, he was president and chief executive officer at CBS Television, then was promoted to chairman and CEO of CBS in 2003. In 2003, CBS became Americas most watched television network, among the shows that gave CBS a new lease on life were the CSI franchise and Survivor. CBS had six of the ten most-watched primetime shows in the quarter of 2005, CSI, Without a Trace, CSI, Miami, Survivor, Guatemala, NCIS. In January 2006, Moonves helped make the deal brought together CBS-owned UPN with The WB to form the CW Network. Moonves was considered the second most highly paid director for 2012 and 2013, he received $58.8 million, in 2013, Moonves was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame. He became chairman of CBS in February 2016, of the tone of the 2016 Republican presidential campaign and the advertising dollars it delivers, Moonves said, It may not be good for America, but its damn good for CBS. He added, Donalds place in this election is a good thing, Stern vowed to fight the suit, and said on his radio program that Moonves and CBS were trying to bully him and his agent, Don Buchwald. Stern later appeared on CBS own Late Show with David Letterman, wearing a shirt mocking Moonves, on June 7,2006, Stern announced that the lawsuit had been settled. As part of the settlement, Sirius acquired the rights to all of the WXRK tapes for $2 million

29.
Bloomberg Television
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Bloomberg Television is an American-based international cable and satellite business news television channel that is owned by Bloomberg L. P. It is distributed globally, reaching over 310 million homes worldwide and it is primarily headquartered in New York City, with European headquarters in London and Asian headquarters in Mumbai and Hong Kong. S. Broadcasts are headed by Justin Smith, the CEO of Bloomberg Media Group, Smith replaced Andy Lack, who would eventually return to NBC News. The network also provides funding and studio facilities for the nightly PBS/WNET program Charlie Rose, Bloomberg Television first launched in the United States on January 1,1994 under the name Bloomberg Information TV, before it was shortened to its current name in 1998. The simulcast then moved to E. where it remained until the simulcast ended in January 2009, during its time on E. the 5–8 a. m. block was the most watched period for the network, according to Nielsen Media Research. Bloomberg Televisions U. S. network debuted a new package in January 2009. This current scheme was first used on the networks now-defunct pre-market program, Starting Bell, also on that date, Bloomberg U. S. revamped its weekday programming lineup. In October 2009, Bloomberg Television debuted another new graphics package, in 2011, Bloomberg Television announced a strategic relationship with Gas Station TV to deliver personal finance and business news to more than 27 million viewers each month at GSTV pumps. Bloomberg launched a high definition simulcast feed on May 9,2011, in mid-April 2013, DIRECTV started carrying Bloomberg HD. As of July 2014, Bloomberg Televisions standard-definition feed now shows a version of its native HD feed. In February 2009, Bloomberg Television announced that it would cease operating some of the variations of the channel. On March 9,2009, the channels available in Germany, France, Italy. Today, throughout Europe, the original version of Bloomberg Europe is available on cable. Since March 9,2009, Bloomberg Television utilizes its existing international production teams in Hong Kong, Europe and America, each Bloomberg receives localized advertising and a relevant business news ticker on screen. Bloomberg Japan ceased broadcasting on April 30,2009, the channel was then replaced by Bloomberg Asia. Bloomberg Japans Japanese language print newsroom and website continue to operate as normal, in June 2009, the Japanese service began running small on-air segments in cooperation with BS-Fuji Television. In October 2009, segments produced with the Tokyo Broadcasting System were added, Bloomberg Brazil and Bloomberg Latin America were integrated into the global Bloomberg channel during 2009. Bloomberg is a member of the Caribbean Cable & Telecommunications Association

30.
CBS Evening News
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The CBS Evening News is the flagship evening television news program of CBS News, the news division of the CBS television network in the United States. The program has been broadcast since May 3,1948 under the original title CBS Television News, since June 6,2011, the weekday editions of the program have been anchored by Scott Pelley. Previous anchors have included Douglas Edwards, Walter Cronkite, Dan Rather, Bob Schieffer, weekend editions of the CBS Evening News weekends began in February 1966. The weekend editions draw from the resources of CBSN, the news channel where Ninan. The CBS Evening News airs live at 6, 30pm in the Eastern and 5, 30pm in the Central Time Zones, CBS began broadcasting news programs on Saturday evenings in the mid-1940s, which expanded to two nights a week in 1947. The network also broadcast a recap of the news stories on a Sunday night program titled Newsweek in Review, which was later retitled The Week in Review. On November 30,1956, the became the first to use the new technology of videotape to time delay the broadcast for the western United States. Walter Cronkite became anchor of the program titled Walter Cronkite with the News on April 16,1962. On September 2,1963, the program, retitled CBS Evening News, as before, some affiliates had the option of carrying a later edition, this time scheduled for 7,00 p. m. Eastern Time. NBC also allowed this practice for the Huntley-Brinkley Report, with ABC later following it for the ABC Evening News. The networks ended this practice after 1971, although some affiliates – mostly in larger markets – continued to carry the national newscasts at 7,00 p. m. Eastern Time on a tape delay. The CBS Evening News was first transmitted in color as a one-evening test broadcast on August 19,1965, before permanently switching to the format on January 31,1966. Cronkites prime time special report, Who, What, When, Where, Why, broadcast on February 27,1968 and it is often credited with influencing Lyndon Johnsons decision to drop out of the race for President. Ve lost Middle America, he stated, under Cronkite, the newscast began what would eventually become an 18-year period of dominating the ratings among the network evening news programs. After the first half of the report, shown on a Friday, the second half of the report was aired the following Monday, but only for eight minutes. Concerns about excessive liberalism in the media were frequently leveled at Rather, some of these concerns dated from Rathers position as White House correspondent for the networks news division during the Nixon administration. An interview related to the Iran–Contra affair with then-Vice President George H. W. Bush where the two engaged in a match on live television did little to dispel those concerns. Rather apologized for his behavior in statements the following day, on September 3, Rather said the masculine noun for the Spanish word for courage, coraje

31.
CBS This Morning
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CBS This Morning is an American morning television program that is broadcast on CBS. It is the tenth distinct morning news-features program format that CBS has aired since 1954, the weekday edition of the program is currently anchored by Charlie Rose, Gayle King and Norah ODonnell. The program emphasizes general national and international stories and in-depth reports throughout each edition, although it also includes live in-studio. Sullivan was replaced by Paula Zahn on February 26,1990, despite a far more successful team in Smith, Zahn and McEwen, CBS This Morning continued to languish in third place. It was, however, far more competitive than any of its predecessors, a new set and live format introduced in October 1995 had little effect on the ratings. Smith and Zahn left the program in June 1996, with CBS News correspondents Harold Dow, in August 1996, the program was revamped again, as simply This Morning, with McEwen and Jane Robelot as co-hosts, news anchor Jose Diaz-Balart and Craig Allen serving as weather anchor. Ratings went up slightly, and at one point the program moved ahead of Good Morning America in 1998. But its ratings success was brief, and CBS announced its decision to cancel the program in early 1999. Robelot left This Morning in June 1999 after it was revealed that the program would be replaced, assuras served as co-anchor and Chen as newsreader for the shows remaining five months. McEwen left the show at the end of September 1999 to prepare for the launch of The Early Show and was replaced by new anchor Russ Mitchell, the original This Morning ended in October 1999, after twelve years. It was replaced by The Early Show, which debuted the following Monday, though it had occasional peaks in the ratings, The Early Show was a perennial third-place finisher behind NBCs Today and ABCs Good Morning America. On November 15,2011, CBS News announced that The Early Show would be cancelled, on December 1,2011, the title of the new show was revealed as CBS This Morning. The executive producer of CBS This Morning is Chris Licht, who was hired by CBS in the spring of 2011 after serving as producer of MSNBCs morning news-discussion program Morning Joe. CBS instead tapped a trio of noted television veterans for the editions of This Morning, Early Show holdover Erica Hill, Gayle King. On July 26,2012, CBS announced that its Chief White House Correspondent Norah ODonnell would replace Hill starting in September 2012, Hill was pulled from the program immediately after the announcement, and was eventually released from her CBS contract. Instead, the show begins with introductions and teases by Rose and ODonnell. The first hour of the show, currently co-anchored by Rose, King and ODonnell, is news-intensive and includes more original journalism and analysis, more recently, the program has utilized local meteorologists from CBS stations to provide the forecast during major severe weather events. The first half-hour also includes a 30-second segment following the local weather break, more recently, the remaining time has been filled with a taped story introduced by that days anchor of the CBS Morning News

32.
Politico
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Politico is an American political-journalism company based in Arlington County, Virginia, that covers politics and policy in the United States and internationally. It distributes content through television, the Internet, The Politico newspaper, radio and its coverage in Washington, D. C. includes the U. S. Congress, lobbying, media and the presidency. John F. Harris and Jim VandeHei left The Washington Post to become The Politicos editor-in-chief and executive editor, respectively, frederick J. Ryan Jr. served as its first president and chief executive officer. Robert L. Allbritton is founder and publisher, in 2015, Politico launched a Brussels-based European edition called Politico Europe. The newspaper has a circulation of approximately 40,000, distributed for free in Washington, D. C. the newspaper prints up to five issues a week while Congress is in session and sometimes publishes one issue a week when Congress is in recess. It carries advertising, including ads from trade associations and a large help-wanted section listing Washington political jobs. Politico is a partner with several outlets that co-report and distribute its video, print. Partners include CBS News, Allbritton Communicationss ABC station WJLA and cable channel NewsChannel 8, radio station WTOP-FM, journalists covering political campaigns for Politico carry a video camera to each assignment, and journalists are encouraged to promote their work elsewhere. Though Politico seeks to break the traditional journalism mold, it expects to make much of its money initially from Washington, D. C. –focused newspaper advertising. Among the journalists who have worked for Politico are Mike Allen, John Bresnahan, Carrie Budoff Brown, Alex Burns, Dylan Byers, Josh Gerstein, Andrew Glass, roger Simon became The Politicos Chief Political Columnist in December 2006. In 2010, The Politico added two opinion columnists, Michael Kinsley and Joe Scarborough, in a 2007 opinion piece, progressive watchdog group Media Matters for America accused The Politico of having a Republican tilt. In a letter from editor in chief John F, to that end, he asked his colleagues for an honest assessment of the claims set forth in the letter from Media Matters. Ben Smith answered, Media Matters has a point, … that Bushs public endorsement made us seem too close to the White House. That was clearly a favor from the president to us, and felt to me one of those clubby Beltway moments that make the insiders feel important. The other primary editors disagreed with the accusation for a variety of reasons. A2009 profile of the organization in Vanity Fair said The Politico had a staff of 75. Its newspaper circulation is around 32,000, and as of summer 2009 and this is fewer than the 11 million it had during the high point of the campaign, but most political news outlets have lower traffic outside election years. As of July 2009, it was expected to have revenue of around $15 million, primarily from the printed product

33.
Newsroom
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Some journalism organizations refer to the newsroom as the city room. The concept of newsroom may also now be employed by public relations practitioners, as representatives of companies and organizations. These stories are submitted to editors, who sit together at one large desk. Once finished, editors write a headline for the story and begin to lay it out on a newspaper or magazine page, editors also review photographs, maps, charts or other graphics to be used with a story. At many newspapers, copy editors who review stories for publication work together at what is called a copy desk, supervised by a copy desk chief, assignment editors, including the city editor, who supervise reporters work, may or may not work with the copy desk. Most daily newspapers follow the a. m. cycle, in almost all newspaper newsrooms, editors customarily meet daily with the chief editor to discuss which stories will be placed on the front page, section front pages, and other pages. This is commonly called a meeting because the main topic of the meeting is the budgeting or allocation of space in the next issue. Newsrooms often have an assignment desk where staffers monitor emergency scanners, answer telephone calls, faxes and e-mails from the public, the assignment desk is also responsible for assigning reporters to stories or deciding what is covered and what isnt. In many newsrooms, the assignment desk is raised a step or two above the rest of the newsroom, allowing staffers who work at the desk to see everyone in the newsroom. In some newsrooms, a system called the Maestro Concept has been applied to improve time management of the newsroom. This maestro system is a method to improve the presentation of stories to busy readers in today’s media, teamwork and collaboration bring a story to life from an initial idea by integrating reporting with photographs, design and information graphics. Broadcast newsrooms are very similar to newspaper newsrooms, the two major differences are that these newsrooms include small rooms to edit video or audio and that they also exist next to the radio or television studio. The modern American newsroom has gone through changes in the last 50 years, with computers replacing typewriters. More ethnic minority groups as well as women are working as reporters and editors, however, some things havent changed, many reporters still use paper reporters notebooks and the telephone to gather information, although the computer has become another essential tool for reporting. The newsroom of a Canadian television station is the location of the CBC Television comedy The Newsroom and it is also shown on some public television stations in the United States. The 2004 film Anchorman, The Legend of Ron Burgundy, is set around a newsroom, the American television drama series The Newsroom is set in the newsroom of a cable news channel. Drop the Dead Donkey a newsroom sit com from the UK

34.
Social networking service
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Most social network services are web-based and provide means for users to interact over the Internet, such as by e-mail and instant messaging and online forums. Social networking sites allow users to share ideas, digital photos and videos, posts, depending on the social media platform, members may be able to contact any other member. In other cases, members can contact anyone they have a connection to, and subsequently anyone that contact has a connection to, LinkedIn, a career social networking service, generally requires that a member personally know another member in real life before they contact them online. Some services require members to have a connection to contact other members. The main types of social networking services are those that contain category places, means to connect with friends, there have been attempts to standardize these services to avoid the need to duplicate entries of friends and interests. A study reveals that India has recorded worlds largest growth in terms of media users in 2013. A2013 survey found that 73% of U. S. adults use social networking sites, the variety and evolving range of stand-alone and built-in social networking services in the online space introduces a challenge of definition. Furthermore, the idea that these services are defined by their ability to bring people together provides too broad a definition, such a broad definition would suggest that the telegraph and telephone were social networking services – not the Internet technologies scholars are intending to describe. The terminology is unclear, with some referring to social networking services as social media. The potential for computer networking to facilitate newly improved forms of computer-mediated social interaction was suggested early on, efforts to support social networks via computer-mediated communication were made in many early online services, including Usenet, ARPANET, LISTSERV, and bulletin board services. Many prototypical features of social networking sites were present in online services such as America Online, Prodigy, CompuServe, ChatNet. Early social networking on the World Wide Web began in the form of generalized online communities such as Theglobe. com, Geocities, some communities – such as Classmates. com – took a different approach by simply having people link to each other via email addresses. In the late 1990s, user profiles became a feature of social networking sites, allowing users to compile lists of friends. New social networking methods were developed by the end of the 1990s and it also became one of the first companies to profit from the sale of virtual goods. Friendster was followed by MySpace and LinkedIn a year later, friendster became very popular in the Pacific Islands. Orkut became the first popular social networking service in Brazil and quickly grew in popularity in India, attesting to the rapid increase in social networking sites popularity, by 2005, it was reported that Myspace was getting more page views than Google. Facebook, launched in 2004, became the largest social networking site in the world in early 2009, Facebook was first introduced as a Harvard social networking site, expanding to other universities and eventually, anyone. The term social media was introduced and soon became widespread, web-based social networking services make it possible to connect people who share interests and activities across political, economic, and geographic borders

35.
Recode
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Recode is a technology news website that focuses on the business of Silicon Valley. It was founded by Walt Mossberg and Kara Swisher in January 2014 after they left Dow Jones, Vox Media acquired the website in May 2015. In September 2013, technology journalists Walt Mossberg and Kara Swisher left AllThingsD, Mossberg left the Wall Street Journal at the end of the year, leaving behind a popular, weekly technology column. The two launched their new, independent technology news website, Recode, on January 2,2014 and its holding company, Revere Digital, received minority investments from NBCUniversal and Terry Semels Windsor Media. The total investment was estimated between US$10 and 15 million, Mossberg and Swisher held the companys majority stake and noted its comfortable financial stance. Recode also provided breaking technology coverage for NBCUniversal and received video resources, Mossberg saw the investment as an opportunity to implement new ways of covering the technology field, and planned to add six employees on technology policy and mobile beats. The CNBC partnership also explored new advertising efforts and shared office space, at launch, the 23-person team included all former members of AllThingsD. The staff also received equity in the company, Recode also kept plans to continue their separate mobile and media conferences. CNBC became a partner in these conferences, a part-time team of 12 employees run the conferences. The site developed a reputation for breaking tech industry news, but ultimately did not reach the level of popularity it expected, Vox Media acquired the website in May 2015 in a move that The New York Times described as a reflection of tumult in online technology journalism. Vox purchased all of the stock, but the details of the transaction were not released. At the time of the acquisition, Recode had 44 employees and they were expected to join Vox. Mossberg and Swisher planned to stay with the website, the two were impressed with Vox Medias audience reach. Voxs technology news website, The Verge, had eight times the traffic, the scopes of the two sites were not expected to overlap with Recodes emphasis on technology industry business and The Verges on being a new kind of culture publication. An internal study found a three percent overlap in content between the two sites, on May 8,2016, Recode relaunched with a new design under editor-in-chief Dan Frommer. As continued from AllThingsD, Recode focuses on technology and digital media news, the site also reviews new enterprise and consumer hardware and software, and conducts original reports

36.
Dublin
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Dublin is the capital and largest city of Ireland. Dublin is in the province of Leinster on Irelands east coast, the city has an urban area population of 1,345,402. The population of the Greater Dublin Area, as of 2016, was 1,904,806 people, founded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Irelands principal city following the Norman invasion. The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800, following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland. Dublin is administered by a City Council, the city is listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network as a global city, with a ranking of Alpha-, which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world. It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy, the name Dublin comes from the Irish word Dubhlinn, early Classical Irish Dubhlind/Duibhlind, dubh /d̪uβ/, alt. /d̪uw/, alt /d̪u, / meaning black, dark, and lind /lʲiɲ pool and this tidal pool was located where the River Poddle entered the Liffey, on the site of the castle gardens at the rear of Dublin Castle. In Modern Irish the name is Duibhlinn, and Irish rhymes from Dublin County show that in Dublin Leinster Irish it was pronounced Duílinn /d̪ˠi, other localities in Ireland also bear the name Duibhlinn, variously anglicized as Devlin, Divlin and Difflin. Historically, scribes using the Gaelic script wrote bh with a dot over the b and those without knowledge of Irish omitted the dot, spelling the name as Dublin. Variations on the name are found in traditionally Irish-speaking areas of Scotland, such as An Linne Dhubh. It is now thought that the Viking settlement was preceded by a Christian ecclesiastical settlement known as Duibhlinn, beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements where the modern city stands. Baile Átha Cliath, meaning town of the ford, is the common name for the city in modern Irish. Áth Cliath is a name referring to a fording point of the River Liffey near Father Mathew Bridge. Baile Átha Cliath was an early Christian monastery, believed to have been in the area of Aungier Street, there are other towns of the same name, such as Àth Cliath in East Ayrshire, Scotland, which is Anglicised as Hurlford. Although the area of Dublin Bay has been inhabited by humans since prehistoric times and he called the settlement Eblana polis. It is now thought that the Viking settlement was preceded by a Christian ecclesiastical settlement known as Duibhlinn, beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements where the modern city stands. The subsequent Scandinavian settlement centred on the River Poddle, a tributary of the Liffey in an area now known as Wood Quay, the Dubhlinn was a small lake used to moor ships, the Poddle connected the lake with the Liffey. This lake was covered during the early 18th century as the city grew, the Dubhlinn lay where the Castle Garden is now located, opposite the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin Castle

37.
Jim Lanzone
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He took over as President from Neil Ashe in March 2011. Prior to joining CBS Interactive, Lanzone was the CEO of Clicker. com, Clicker launched in beta at TechCrunch50 on September 14,2009 and was acquired by CBS in March 2011. He graduated with a degree in political science from the University of California. Lanzone also holds a JD/MBA from Emory University School of Law, in 1997, Lanzone co-founded eTour, an early provider of information retrieval and cost-per-lead services on the Web. By 1998, eTour had become a top 50 website and the Webs #1 ranked site in user frequency, Lanzone continued to serve as president of eTour until it was acquired by Ask. com in May 2001. In addition to Ask. coms purchase of eTour, Lanzone was hired to lead management, marketing and engineering, as senior vice president. Ask. com was purchased by Barry Dillers IAC in 2005 and he held this position until leaving IAC/Ask. com in 2008 to join Redpoint Ventures as Entrepreneur in Residence. Upon his departure, Barry Diller credited Lanzone as the executive responsible for Ask. coms turnaround. One of Lanzones primary achievements as CEO was the overhaul and rebranding of AskJeeves, walt Mossberg praised the new site as being richer and better organized than typical Google results, and Chris Sherman of Search Engine Land called it the Apple of Search. In addition to his role at CBS Interactive, Lanzone serves as an advisor at Gigya and he is also an investor in such companies as Tasty Labs and Aardvark |Aardvark. Jim Lanzone | LinkedIn Profile Jim Lanzone | CrunchBase Profile Dawn C, how I Made It, Jim Lanzone, president of CBS Interactive. Walt Mossberg article on Jim Lanzones leadership at Clicker Michael Arringtons interview of Jim Lanzone at Tech Crunch Disrupt

38.
Smartphone
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A smartphone is a mobile phone with an advanced mobile operating system that combines features of a personal computer operating system with other features useful for mobile or handheld use. Smartphones can access the Internet and can run a variety of third-party software components and they typically have a color display with a graphical user interface that covers more than 76% of the front surface. In 1999, the Japanese firm NTT DoCoMo released the first smartphones to achieve mass adoption within a country, smartphones became widespread in the late 2000s. Most of those produced from 2012 onward have high-speed mobile broadband 4G LTE, motion sensors, in the third quarter of 2012, one billion smartphones were in use worldwide. Global smartphone sales surpassed the sales figures for regular cell phones in early 2013, devices that combined telephony and computing were first conceptualized by Nikola Tesla in 1909 and Theodore Paraskevakos in 1971 and patented in 1974, and were offered for sale beginning in 1993. Paraskevakos was the first to introduce the concepts of intelligence, data processing and they were installed at Peoples Telephone Company in Leesburg, Alabama and were demonstrated to several telephone companies. The original and historic working models are still in the possession of Paraskevakos, the first mobile phone to incorporate PDA features was a prototype developed by Frank Canova in 1992 while at IBM and demonstrated that year at the COMDEX computer industry trade show. It included PDA features and other mobile applications such as maps, stock reports. A refined version was marketed to consumers in 1994 by BellSouth under the name Simon Personal Communicator, the Simon was the first commercially available device that could be properly referred to as a smartphone, although it was not called that in 1994. The term smart phone appeared in print as early as 1995, in the mid-late 1990s, many mobile phone users carried a separate dedicated PDA device, running early versions of operating systems such as Palm OS, BlackBerry OS or Windows CE/Pocket PC. These operating systems would later evolve into mobile operating systems, in March 1996, Hewlett-Packard released the OmniGo 700LX, a modified HP 200LX palmtop PC that supported a Nokia 2110 phone with ROM-based software to support it. It had a 640×200 resolution CGA compatible four-shade gray-scale LCD screen and could be used to place and receive calls and it was also 100% DOS5.0 compatible, allowing it to run thousands of existing software titles, including early versions of Windows. In August 1996, Nokia released the Nokia 9000 Communicator, a cellular phone based on the Nokia 2110 with an integrated PDA based on the PEN/GEOS3.0 operating system from Geoworks. The two components were attached by a hinge in what known as a clamshell design, with the display above. The PDA provided e-mail, calendar, address book, calculator and notebook applications, text-based Web browsing, when closed, the device could be used as a digital cellular phone. In June 1999 Qualcomm released the pdQ Smartphone, a CDMA digital PCS Smartphone with an integrated Palm PDA, subsequent landmark devices included, The Ericsson R380 by Ericsson Mobile Communications. The first device marketed as a smartphone, it combined the functions of a phone and PDA. The Kyocera 6035 introduced by Palm, Inc, combining a PDA with a mobile phone, it operated on the Verizon network, and supported limited Web browsing

39.
Tablet computer
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Tablets often come equipped with sensors, including digital cameras, a microphone, and an accelerometer so images on screens are always displayed upright. The touchscreen display uses the recognition of finger or stylus gestures to replace the mouse, trackpad, tablets are typically larger than smartphones or personal digital assistants with screens 7 inches or larger, measured diagonally. However much of a tablets functionality resembles that of a modern smartphone, tablets can be classified according to the presence and physical appearance of keyboards. Slates and booklets do not have a keyboard, and usually accept text. Hybrids, convertibles, and 2-in-1s do have physical keyboards, yet they also make use of virtual keyboards. Some 2-in-1s have processors and operating systems like a full laptop, most tablets can use separate keyboards connected using Bluetooth. The format was conceptualized in the century and prototyped and developed in the last two decades of that century. In April 2010, Apple released the iPad, the first mass-market tablet to achieve widespread popularity, thereafter in the 2010s, tablets rapidly rose in ubiquity and became a large product category used for both personal and workplace applications. The tablet computer and its operating system began with the development of pen computing. Throughout the 20th century devices with these characteristics have been imagined and created whether as blueprints, prototypes, a device more powerful than todays tablets appeared briefly in Jerry Pournelle and Larry Nivens The Mote in Gods Eye. Adults could also use a Dynabook, but the audience was children. In 1992, Atari showed developers the Stylus, later renamed ST-Pad, the ST-Pad was based on the TOS/GEM Atari ST Platform and prototyped early handwriting recognition. Shiraz Shivjis company Momentus demonstrated in the time a failed x86 MS-DOS based Pen Computer with its own GUI. In 1994, the European Union initiated the NewsPad project, inspired by Clarke, Acorn Computers developed and delivered an ARM-based touch screen tablet computer for this program, branding it the NewsPad, the project ended in 1997. During the November 2000 COMDEX, Microsoft used the term Tablet PC to describe a prototype handheld device they were demonstrating, all three products were based on extended versions of the MS-DOS operating system. In 1992, IBM announced and shipped to developers the 2521 ThinkPad, also based on PenPoint was AT&Ts EO Personal Communicator from 1993, which ran on AT&Ts own hardware, including their own AT&T Hobbit CPU. Apple Computer launched the Apple Newton personal digital assistant in 1993 and it utilised Apples own new Newton OS, initially running on hardware manufactured by Motorola and incorporating an ARM CPU, that Apple had specifically co-developed with Acorn Computers. The operating system and platform design were later licensed to Sharp and Digital Ocean, in 1996, Palm, Inc. released the first of the Palm OS based PalmPilot touch and stylus based PDA, the touch based devices initially incorporating a Motorola Dragonball CPU

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TV Everywhere
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Broadcast television networks have also adopted TV Everywhere restrictions for their online content. ESPN first introduced a TV Everywhere-like concept with ESPN360, a service which allowed users to stream sports programming from its networks either live or on-demand through a website. However, access to ESPN360 was restricted to the users of internet service providers who had negotiated deals with ESPN to offer the service, similar tactics were soon used by several other channels, such as NFL Network and Epix. Although the model was deemed a violation of the principles of net neutrality by critics, Comcast officially launched a public beta of its TV Everywhere-based portal, Xfinity Fancast, in December 2009 for all double-play television and internet customers. Afterwards, other providers began to follow suit, also in February, HBO launched HBO Go, a video on demand service exclusive to HBO subscribers on participating providers. All other users would be subject to an 8-day delay, following the Games, the NBC Olympics Live Extra app was re-purposed as NBC Sports Live Extra, serving as a general TV Everywhere app for NBC Sports. The majority of Canadian broadcasters are vertically integrated, both Bell and Shaw operate internet service providers and national television services. In May 2013, ABC released its Watch ABC mobile app, NBC unveiled its own plans for a similar TV Everywhere app to its affiliate board in April 2014. The TV Everywhere concept has been met with mixed reception, some broadcasters were initially hesitant to introduce TV Everywhere services, with concerns that they might affect advertising revenue and not be adequately counted by Nielsen ratings. As a result, consumers will be the losers, in July 2014, BTIG analyst Richard Greenfield criticized the video on demand services offered through TV Everywhere systems for being ad-supported. In conclusion, he contended that viewers would rather wait for programs to appear on subscription streaming services rather than use TV Everywhere services, as an incentive, NBC also allowed authenticated users to enter a sweepstakes to win a trip to London or Rio de Janeiro. The logo consists of interlocking rectangles, representing multiple screens for viewing content, the association also provided design recommendations for TV Everywhere user experiences, aiming to alleviate the confusion that had been experienced by users during the authentication process. In 2014, Comcast was criticized for its decision to block access to HBO Go on PlayStation 3 and Roku devices. Comcast similarly blocked access to Showtime Anytime on Roku as well, moving forward, we will continue to prioritize as we partner with various players. On December 15,2014, Comcast enabled the ability to use HBO Go, however, Comcast still blocked HBO Go on PlayStation consoles. On December 6,2016 Comcast Xfinity released that block making HBO Go available on PlayStation devices