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U of M: Stem cell study used falsified data

The University of Minnesota is asking a leading academic journal to retract a stem cell study published by a former university researcher. The researcher agrees there were errors in the study, but stands by its results.

The University of Minnesota has concluded
that falsified data were used in the 2001 article on adult stem cell research.

The conclusion follows an 18-month investigation into research
published by stem-cell expert Dr. Catherine Verfaillie.

The
investigation clears Verfaillie of misconduct but points to a
former graduate student, Dr. Morayma Reyes, who is now an assistant
professor at the University of Washington.

The university blames Verfaillie for "inadequate training and
oversight," and says it has asked for a retraction of the
published article, which appeared in the journal Blood.

Reyes said it was an honest error and there was no intent to
deceive.

The study was one of a series that Verfaillie published,
suggesting that adult stem cells could be used as an alternative to
embryonic stem cells in medical research.

Her research received international attention because of
political and ethical controversies over research involving
embryonic stem cells.

A panel of experts concluded that four images
used in the Blood paper were intentionally altered, according to
Tim Mulcahy, the university's vice president of research.

Verfaillie now works at Catholic University in Belgium. She responded to MPR via e-mail,
saying she agrees that the Blood paper should be retracted.

She also said she takes "ultimate responsibility" for the work performed in her lab.

"The university concluded that allegations against me personally were not substantiated, and that I was not responsible for the alleged manipulations," said Verfaillie. "Nevertheless, I am extremely sorry about this, as I was the senior author on the paper and did not notice the problems with these figures."

Verfaillie added that she disagrees with the university's criticism of her oversight and mentoring.

"I am committed to honesty in the pursuit of science. The methods that were followed in my lab at the time of the research in question were, and still are, common practice in the scientific community," Verfaillie wrote.

Reyes, who responded to questions by e-mail, said the correction
in the journal Blood is warranted. However, she denied falsifying
data.

She said the university panel said she falsified data by
adjusting brightness and contrast in scientific images included in
the article. At the time the research was done, that was an
accepted practice but it has since changed, she said. The panel
judged her on the newer standard.

Reyes said the errors occurred because of "inexperience, poor
training and lack of clear standards" on the handling of digital
images.

"I regret very much these errors and never had the
intention to deceive," she said.

Both Verfaillie and Reyes said the errors in no way altered the conclusions of the paper, and the research has since been successfully reproduced
by other scientists.

Mulcahy said it's not clear how, or if, the discovery will
affect the underlying findings of the research.

"That's an issue that ultimately the scientific community will have to resolve for itself," he said.