Coenzyme-A Technologies' Coenzyme A

Coenzyme-A is the most active metabolic enzyme in the human body. It operates in the body''s cells and blood where it initiates hundreds of important processes in the body. Coenzyme-A is expended by the metabolic processes of the body and constantly needs replenishing.

Innovative Pre-Workout and Competitive Sport Support Supplement

TM and Body ImageTM products are the first pre-performance/workout supplements to focus on the need for Coenzyme-A and Acetyl Coenzyme-A during intensive exercise and strenuous physical performances. Coenzyme ATM and Body ImageTM supply nutrients important for the formation of Coenzyme-A and Acetyl Coenzyme-A in an athlete''s body. Coenzyme-A and Acetyl Coenzyme-A are the gateway to the ATP cycle, where the release of cellular energy takes place. Developed by a professional trainer, a molecular biologist and a professional body builder, Coenzyme ATM and Body ImageTM are utilized by the athlete''s body to provide optimum support for the severe metabolic and physical exertion from intensive exercise and strenuous physical sports.

Anaerobic Metabolism in Intensive Exercise

When Athletes perform or exercise intensely, they quickly face a demand for energy that is greater than the amount of oxygen available to produce it. In order to continue to produce energy under these conditions the athlete''s body uses relatively inefficient anaerobic metabolism (metabolism that takes place in the absence of free oxygen). Coenzyme ATM and Body ImageTM address the nutritional needs of anaerobic metabolism and provide targeted support for high-intensity progressive resistance athletes.

Coenzyme-A and Acetyl Coenzyme-A - The Gateway to ATP ProductionTM

Glycogen is the main energy source for high intensity exercise. It is converted through many steps to enter the ATP cycle (also called TCA or Krebs cycle) to produce ATP, the basic biological energy source. In the anaerobic metabolism of intense exercise, these pre-ATP steps must be taken without additional oxygen. A crucial junction is the conversion of pyruvate (from glycogen) to Acetyl Coenzyme-A, where glycogen''s fuel enters the ATP cycle. If the cell lacks Coenzyme-A and the necessary nutrients to form Acetyl Coenzyme-A, pyruvate will be changed into lactate. Lactate must be reconverted or transported to the liver for processing through the Cori cycle. Researchers point to the build up of lactate in the blood and within the muscle cells as a possible indication of fatigue and reduced ability of the cells to produce energy and control muscle function. An excessive build up of lactate results in sore and stiff muscles. Coenzyme ATM and Body ImageTM contain a balanced combination of components that are used by the body to manufacture and utilize Coenzyme-A and Acetyl Coenzyme-A to convert pyruvate into energy during anaerobic metabolism.

Additional Bonus: Coenzyme-A and Lipid Metabolism

Coenzyme ATM and Body ImageTM each perform a double duty by supplying key nutrients athlete''s need to release energy both anaerobically (from glycogen) and from fats during aerobic metabolism (metabolism that takes place in the presence of oxygen). One of the main pathways to releasing energy from fats during aerobic metabolism produces the fatty acid alpha-ketoglutarate. Like pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate must be converted before it can be used in the ATP cycle. Alpha-ketoglutarate must first be transported by Carnitine to the inner mitochondrial membrane where energy production and fat burning take place. If a proper balance of Coenzyme-A, Carnitine and the other vital nutrients needed to form Acetyl Coenzyme-A are not maintained then fatty acids can not be converted into energy.

The nutrients supplied by Coenzyme ATM and Body ImageTM help the cells efficiently deliver fuel from aerobic and anaerobic metabolism to the ATP cycle for energy release. Because the human body can rapidly absorb these nutrients, Coenzyme ATM and Body ImageTM can be taken by an athlete shortly before a workout or sport performance to provide extra metabolic power when they need it the most.

• Working to primarily enhance the transport of glucose into the muscle cell from the blood. Scientific studies show it increases (glucose extraction) from 150% to 300%.

• Acetyl L-Carnitine, acetyl ester of L-Carnitine (a more biologically active form of Carnitine), is the carrier of fatty acids across mitochondrial membranes.

• In the body, Acetyl L-Carnitine modulates cellular concentration of free Coenzyme-A and Acetyl Coenzyme-A compounds, and is integrally involved in numerous cellular functions including energy production by exchanging across sub-cellular membranes. Acetyl L-Carnitine serves as a pool of acetyl groups to regenerate Acetyl Coenzyme-A from free Coenzyme-A.

• Increases energy production in the body within the processes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (also called TCA, ATP, Krebs, or citric acid cycle) and glycolitic cycles.

• Reduces the damaging effects of stress and slows the deadly processes of aging.

• Initiates the TCA cycle that produces more than 90% of the energy the body requires to sustain life.

• Initiates the chemical reactions required by the human body to utilize Coenzyme Q10, Coenzyme 1 (NADH/Enada) and many of the other nutrients the body needs to stay healthy.

• Initiates the manufacture of the specific substances that facilitate critical functions of the brain and adrenal glands.

• Supports the development and functions of the male and female sex organs that are essential to human existence.

• Acts as the "universal acetate carrier"; it is the primary biological cofactor used in acyl group transfers. It initiates the metabolism of fatty acids, and supports pyruvate oxidation and other acetylation reactions.

• Supports critical functions of the immune system and facilitates the repair of RNA, DNA and physical injury.

• Facilitates the manufacture of connective tissue and the formation and repair of cartilage.

• Enhances physical performance and reduces the build up of lactate.

Nick Skouras

Coenzyme-A Technologies'' Director of Product Developement

The statements contained in this article have not been evaluated by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA). The products discussed are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.