Eric Norelius traveled to the Minnesota territorial town of Red Wing in 1855. He planned to meet with groups of immigrant Swedes looking for a Lutheran minister to lead them. The twenty-one year-old churchman thus began a six-decade ministry that served the state's Swedish Lutheran population.

The September 1855 arrival of Eric Norelius encouraged Red Wing-area Swedish Lutherans. Immigrants in the area needed a minister. Norelius, born in Norrback, Sweden, in 1833, seemed a good fit. A few months earlier, Pastor Norelius had married Inga Peterson, a daughter of a Swedish settler he had met in Chicago. The young couple agreed to come to Minnesota where Eric would serve two congregations. One church was in Red Wing, the other in a settlement started by Hans Mattson that was later known as Vasa.

The Noreliuses made the Vasa area their home base. According to his journal, the congregation provided an eight by ten foot building to which they added a twelve by sixteen foot addition during the winter of 1855-56. The building would also be their church and school. Money was scarce. Norelius's first year salary at Vasa was one hundred dollars. He still managed to buy 160 acres in White Rock, close to Vasa.

Norelius also served Red Wing's Swedish Lutherans, but he soon had other calls. Settlers in "Swede Prairie" asked for help. Swede Prairie was the nickname for a swath of land southwest of Red Wing. It touched upon the towns of Vasa, Welch, Spring Garden, and Cannon Falls Township. During the 1850s, Pastor Norelius founded twelve Swedish Lutheran congregations in and around Goodhue County.

Life became a challenge for the Noreliuses. After the disastrous economic Panic of 1857, congregants managed to provide the minister only a tiny salary: seventy five dollars plus a barrel of beans, and few bushels of corn. Eric and Inga left Vasa and Red Wing in October 1858. Their Minnesota congregations were unable to pay him the promised salary and Norelius's debts grew after he started a Swedish language newspaper, Minnesota Posten, in November, 1857.

Norelius was gone for two years. Eric agreed to become editor of Hemlandet, Swedish-language newspaper in Chicago in January 1859. He did stay involved with the Lutheran church, however. The minister took part in an important Wisconsin meeting of Scandinavian pastors and laymen in June 1860. They worked to create a united Scandinavian Lutheran synod made up of Swedes and Norwegians. The assembly used the name "Augustana" for this new organization. Norelius suggested the title. The word showed the importance of the Augsburg Confession for those in the synod.

In October 1860 Norelius began work as a traveling missionary to Swedish settlements west of Minneapolis. He spent time Meeker, Kandiyohi, Carver, and McLeod counties. In 1861 his former churches in Red Wing and Vasa issued another call to their former pastor. He accepted and returned.

Eric Norelius did not limit himself to preaching and pastoral duties. He published the Minnesota Territory's first Swedish language newspaper, the biweekly Minnesota Posten, in 1857. Early in December 1862 he founded a school in Red Wing at the request of state Swedish Lutheran churchmen. He had thirty students by the following February. The roots of present-day Gustavus Adolphus College in St. Peter are found in this modest program. Norelius also established the Vasa Orphan's Home in 1865. He began writing books about Swedish Lutheran church history and its mission in 1867 while convalescing from illness.

In 1870 fellow church leaders elected him president of the Minnesota Conference, a division of the Augustana Synod, an affiliation of upper Midwest Lutheran Churches. Three years later Norelius was chosen president of the entire synod. He held that post for seven years. Lutheran churchmen brought him back as synod president in 1899 and kept him in office until 1911. His nineteen years as president were the most of any person holding the position.

In his 1901 report to Augustana congregations, President Norelius noted the synod's growth. Since 1876, their church group had grown from 273 congregations to about 900. Total membership was 200,000.

In 1912 the aging minister, his health failing, preached at Gustavus Adolphus College's fiftieth anniversary. He also spoke at the sixtieth anniversary of the Vasa congregation in June 1915.

Mattson, H[ans]. The New Swedish Colony in Minnesota-North America: Good Land for Emigrants, at the Cheapest Conditions by Lake Superior Railway. Translated from Swedish [Nya Svenska Kolonien i Minnesota-Nord Amerika] by John LaVine. Kristianstad, Sweden: K.J.M. Mollersvard, 1872.

Norelius, E[ric]. "Evangelical Lutheran Church, at Vasa," in History of Goodhue County: History of Goodhue County Including a Sketch of the Territory and State of Minnesota. Red Wing, MN: Wood, Alley & Co., 1878.

Norelius Eric. The Journals of Eric Norelius, a Swedish Missionary on the American
Frontier [Translated from Swedish by G. Everett Arden.] Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1967.

Eric Norelius Papers, 1851–1916
Augustana College Collections, Rock Island, Illinoishttps://www.augustana.edu/x14809.xml
Description: Largely correspondence were received during the period 1851-1916 when Norelius served as the Augustana Synod President, served as pastor in various pioneer churches in Minnesota.

Mattson, H[ans]. Minnesota and Its Advantages for Immigrants. Translated in 2010 from Swedish [Minnesota och dess for Invandraren] by John LaVine. Chicago: Svenska Amerikanarens Boktryckeri, 1867.

Secondary

Guide to Swedish-American Archival and Manuscript Sources in the United States. Chicago: Swedish-American Historical Society, 1983.

Kastrup, Alfred. The Swedish Heritage in America: The Swedish Element in America and American-Swedish Relations in Their Historical Perspective. St. Paul: Swedish Council of America, 1975.

Norelius, Eric. Svenska Lutherska forsamlingarne och svenskarnas historia i Amerika, or A History of the Swedish Lutheran Congregation and the Swedes in America,[translated, for Centennial Committee of Cambridge Lutheran Church, by E. Hedenstrom] Cambridge, MN: 1961.