main asteroid belt

The main asteroid belt is a region between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter where the majority of asteroids in the
Solar System are to be found. The main asteroid belt extends from 2.15 to
3.3 astronomical units (255 to 600 million km)
from the Sun – between Mars (1.5 AU) and Jupiter (5.2 AU) –
and may contain over a million objects bigger than 1 km across, the largest
being Ceres (1,003 km), Pallas (608 km), and Vesta (538 km). Within the belt,
the distribution of asteroids is non-uniform, with concentrations in asteroid
groups and families, and also relatively empty zones known as Kirkwood
gaps.

The belt appears to have originated as a system of perhaps 50 large bodies
in the 100 to 1,000 km size range. These accreted during the formation of
the Solar System and thereafter suffered collisions leading to fragmentation.
This hypothesis suggests that only a few of the larger asteroids are still
intact.

Beyond the orbit of Neptune lies an even
large and more populous region of minor bodies known as the Kuiper
belt.