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50 killed and wounded; the Confederates about 200.
With the surrender of Lee, the Civil War was virtually ended.
Although he was general-in-chief, his capitulation included only the Army of Northern Virginia.
That of Johnston, in North Carolina, and smaller bodies, were yet in the field.
When Sherman, who confronted Johnston, heard of the victory at Five Forks and the evacuation of Petersburg and Richmond, he moved on Johnston (April 10, 1865), with his whole army.
The latter was at Smithfield, on the Neuse River, with fully 30,000 men. Jefferson Davis and the Confederate cabinet were then at Danville, on the southern border of Virginia, and had just proposed to Johnston a plan whereby they might secure their own personal safety and the treasures they had brought with them from Richmond.
It was to disperse his army, excepting two or three batteries of artillery, the cavalry, and as many infantry as he could mount, with which he should form a guard for the government, and strike

r civil broils?
Would her lovely and calumniated queen, the virtuous Malesherbes, the learned Condorcet; would religion, personified in the pious ministers of the altar, courage and honor, in the host of high-minded nobles, and science, in its worthy representative, Lavoisier; would the daily hecatomb of loyalty and worth—would all have been immolated by the stroke of the guillotine?
or Russell and Sidney, and the long succession of victims of party and tyranny, by the axe?
The fires of Smithfield would not have blazed, nor, after the lapse of ages, should we yet shudder at the names of St. Bartholomew if the ordinary ecclesiastical law had not usurped the attributes of divine vengeance, and, by the sacrilegious and absurd doctrine that offences against the Deity were to be punished with death, given a pretext to these atrocities.
Nor, in the awful and mysterious scene on Mount Calvary, would that agony have been inflicted if, by the daily sight of the cross, as an instrument of

Ludington, Marshall Independence 1839-
Military officer; born in Smithfield, Pa., July 4, 1839; served in the Union volunteer army during the Civil War; was appointed captain and quartermaster, Oct. 20, 1862; promoted major and quartermaster, Oct. 24; and was brevetted brigadier-general, March, 13, 1865.
He was commissioned major and quartermaster in the regular army, Jan. 18, 1867; promoted lieutenant-colonel and deputy quartermaster-general, March 15, 1883; colonel and quartermaster, Dec. 31, 1894; and brigadier-general, Feb. 8, 1898.

Preston, William Ballard 1805-1862
Statesman; born in Smithfield, Va., Nov. 25, 1805; graduated at the University of Virginia; elected to the Virginia House of Delegates, to the State Senate, and to Congress in 1846; and was appointed Secretary of the Navy by President Taylor.
He opposed the secession of Virginia, but accepted the action of the State and was elected a member of the Confederate Senate.
He died in Smithfield, Va.., Nov. 16, 1862.
Preston, William Ballard 1805-1862
Statesman; born in Smithfield, Va., Nov. 25, 1805; graduated at the University of Virginia; elected to the Virginia House of Delegates, to the State Senate, and to Congress in 1846; and was appointed Secretary of the Navy by President Taylor.
He opposed the secession of Virginia, but accepted the action of the State and was elected a member of the Confederate Senate.
He died in Smithfield, Va.., Nov. 16, 1862.

Shaffner, Taliaferro Preston 1818-1881
Inventor; born in Smithfield, Va., in 1818; was admitted to the bar, but applied himself chiefly to invention; was associated with Professor Morse in the introduction of the telegraph; designed several methods of blasting with high explosives.
He was the author of Telegraph companion: devoted to the Science and art of the Morse American Telegraph; The Telegraph manual; The secession War in America; History of America; and Odd-fellowship.
He died in Troy, N. Y., Dec. 11, 1881.

ted States exploring expedition, with three men from Nisqually, visits Forts Okanagan, Colville, Lapwai, and Walla Walla, and returns by Yakima River......May–July, 1841
Michael T. Simmons, with five families, settles at Tumwater, at the head of Budd Inlet, naming it New Market......October, 1845
Congress notifies Great Britain that the conventions of 1818 and 1827, for joint occupation of Oregon Territory (including Washington) will terminate after twelve months......Feb. 9, 1846
Smithfield, afterwards (1850) Olympia, founded by Levi L. Smith and Edmund Sylvester......1846
Indian massacre at the Presbyterian mission at Waiilatpu; Dr. M. Whitman and family killed......Nov. 29, 1847
Fort Steilacoom, on Puget Sound, established......July, 1849
Convention of twenty-six delegates at Cowlitz Landing memorializes Congress for a separate government for Columbia (Oregon north of the Columbia)......Aug. 29, 1851
Seattle founded; named from a noted Indian chief......1852