This book contains essays and documents about physicist Enrico Fermi that deal primarily with his research and teaching from 1945 to 1954 and with his ideas about the development of nuclear energy during that period. Among the items contained within the book are a brief biographical overview of Fermi’s life written by physicist Emilio Segrè; scientific documents and essays; and correspondence between Fermi and fellow scientists, such as Leo Szilard, Erwin Schrödinger, Samuel Goudsmit, and George Kistiakowsky; as well as Fermi’s correspondence with politicians, including President Harry Truman, James F. Byrnes, and Dean Acheson. Also included are reminiscences of those who worked with Fermi and of his students at the University of Chicago. The documents and letters are reproduced in facsimile and are edited by one of Fermi's former students, who also includes commentary on the items. Many of the documents were originally assembled for a symposium at the University of Chicago celebrating the 100th anniversary of Fermi’s birth.