A multi-faceted, non-sectarian, non-profit social service agency that acts as the eyes and ears of the community to address communal and individual concerns and needs, COJO provides assistance to more than 24,000 clients with more than 55,000 services.

State education officials say they spend $26 billion throughout New York on elementary and secondary education. That number is higher than most state budgets and more than the operating budget of many countries.

Whatever their reasons for navigating those icy waters, it was a challenge for all early explorers, including the Jewish scientists who made contributions to the endeavor, sometimes at the cost of their lives.

None of this should have been surprising to those who knew him because he was always first and foremost an unrepentant communist who, despite his repeated assertions of standing for peace and mutual cooperation, was actually a great anti-Israel public figure.