Level Two:Opportunist, who serves himself or herself, often at others’ expense by focusing on “What’s in it for me?”
Examples include Bernie Madoff and Jeffrey Skilling.

Level Three: Chameleon, who “flip-flop” and cater to as many people as possible.
Examples include Senator John Kerry, former Florida governor Charlie Crist, and former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney.

Robert Kegan

Level Four:Achiever, who often achieves business goals through energetic focus.

Peter Drucker

Peter Druckercharacterized this leader as “monomaniac with a mission,” driving toward a goal without fully considering the broader mission.
Examples include former H-P CEO Mark Hurd.

Level Five: Builder, who seeks to build an institution, not just to achieve a goal.
Examples include IBM’s Tom Watson Jr., GM’s Alfred P. Sloan, and Harpo’s Oprah Winfrey.
They have a clear vision, energize others, manage for the long term, and not swayed by short-term profit or stock market valuations.

Level Six: Transcendent, who focus on broader social benefit beyond their personal affiliations.Examples include Nelson Mandela, Martin Luther King Jr., and the Dalai Lama.

These frameworks provide a structure to evaluate the words and actions of current political and business leaders, and suggest potential leadership vulnerabilities.

-*What level of leader do you observe in the highest levels of your work organization?-*What practices are you implementing to develop your next level of leadership skill