How Much Do You Know About Kidney Health?

1. How much blood do your kidneys filter daily?

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One of the functions of your kidneys is to remove waste products and extra fluid from the blood. Waste products come from your diet and normal breakdown of tissues. The kidneys filter about 50 gallons of blood a day. Of that amount, about one-half to two quarts of fluid and waste products are removed from the blood and passed out of the body in urine.

A. 15 gallonsB. 25 gallonsC. 50 gallonsD. 125 gallons

2. Your kidneys are what part of which system in your body?

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The urinary system is made up of two kidneys; two ureters, which are thin tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder; the bladder, which stores urine; two sphincter muscles that prevent urine from leaking; nerves in the bladder; and the urethra, which is the tube that carries urine outside the body. The kidneys not only remove liquid waste from the blood, but also regulate electrolytes, or minerals; secrete hormones that control blood pressure; stimulate red blood cell production; and help maintain calcium balance.

High blood pressure (hypertension) and uncontrolled diabetes can damage the kidneys' small blood vessels so they are unable to filter blood. This can eventually cause kidney failure. Uncontrolled diabetes means high blood sugar over long periods of time. Diabetes and high blood pressure are the leading causes of kidney disease. The most common reason for a kidney transplant is the long-term effects of uncontrolled diabetes.

Each kidney contains about a million tiny filtering units called nephrons. A nephron is made up of small tubes and blood vessels. Diseases that affect the kidneys can damage the nephrons. As a result, the kidneys have problems getting rid of waste products.

A. They damage nephrons, the kidney's filtering mechanismsB. They damage the bladderC. They damage urethrasD. They damage all tissue

5. Which of these races is the most likely to have high blood pressure, which contributes to kidney failure?

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African-American men ages 20 to 29 are 10 times more likely to develop kidney failure as a result of high blood pressure than Caucasian men in the same age group. That risk increases 14 times in men ages 30 to 39.

A. CaucasiansB. African AmericansC. AsiansD. Hispanics

6. Which of these over-the-counter medicines can damage the kidneys?

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According to the National Kidney Foundation, these over-the-counter pain relievers present no danger for most people when taken according to directions. But for people with certain health conditions, these medicines may cause kidney problems. Also, if you take these medicines regularly over a long period of time, you may increase your risk for kidney problems. Talk with your healthcare provider about how to safely take these medicines.

A. AcetaminophenB. AspirinC. IbuprofenD. All of these

7. If you have decreased kidney function, you should monitor which of these in your diet?

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According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, people who have decreased function of their kidneys may need to monitor the protein in their diet. Sodium, found in salt, may raise your blood pressure. High blood pressure can damage the kidneys. Talk with your healthcare provider to be sure you’re getting the proper nutrition, as well as making the appropriate changes in your diet to help your kidneys work well.

A. ProteinB. SodiumC. Food dyesD. A and B

8. The most common kind of kidney stone occurs as a result of a chemical reaction that causes urine to crystallize. Which of these kinds of stones make up the majority of those that develop?

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Kidney stones are more common in men than women. If you don't drink enough fluids, you may be at an increased risk for kidney stones.