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What is Finite Automata And Regular Languages?

Finite automata which are also known asfinite state automataare considered as the simplest automata among all the other automata’s. In this part we will discuss on the basic concepts of Finite automata and also focus on the relationship between finite automata and regular languages. Automata can be classified into two sections which are :-

· Deterministic automata

· Non- deterministic automata

Deterministic Automata

Current internal state, current input symbol and the information present in the temporary storage are the three main factors which help to getdeterministic automata. When it comes to nondeterministic automata, it is difficult to understand the exact future behavior of a automaton but few of the possible actions can definitely be predicted. Let’s understand the concept ofdeterministic Finite Automata(DFA) and consider it as M which is a quintuple algebraic system or also can be considered as semi group.

M = (Q, Σ, δ, q0, F)

Q= finite set of internal states

Σ = Input alphabet

q0 ∈ Q= Initial state

(F ⊆ Q)= Final states

Δ = state transition function

Deterministic finite automationis a finite state machine which accepts the finite strings of symbols. For each of the individual state, there would be a transition arrow which would end up in the next state for each symbol.

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Nondeterministic Finite Automata (NFA)

It is definitely different from Nondeterministic Finite Automata where it is possible to select arbitrarily from different options of a particular situation which also gives the chance to select from different initial states. If one out of the thousand responses takes the machine in an accepting position, the word would also accept. ANon deterministic Finite Automaton(NFA), M is considered as quintuple algebraic system which is

M= (Q, Σ, T, q0, F)

Q = Finite set of states

Σ = input alphabet

q0 ∈ Q = Initial state

F ⊆ Q = Final state

T : Q × Σ → P(Q) = Transition function

T:Q× (Σ∪{ε}) →P(Q)

Regular language

So far as regular language is concerned in the perspective of computer science, it refers to aformal language. It is basically infinite or rather undefined series of sequences of symbols from an alphabet that is finite. It has certain properties to satisfy. They are mentioned below.

A regular language should be acceptable to a deterministic finite state machine.

It has to be accepted by an alternating finite automation.

As it concerns expression, regular expression has to be applicable to it.

A finite monoid should be able to recognize a regular language.

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