141623: He has a shop for repairing gold, and some customers leave their gold and do not come back for it; can he take possession of it?

One of my relatives works as a gold merchant: customers come to him and exchange or repair what they have of jewellery. According to the system of the shop, a receipt is issued by the shop to record the item left in the shop by the customer, and it is written on the receipt that the customer has to come and take it within three months; if the owner does not come, then the shop is not responsible. In fact there is some leeway, even if three months have already passed. But there are some people who do not come even after a full year, or even after four years, and we cannot get in touch with them. In that case the shop takes the jewellery and melts it down and makes something in its name. Is this action legitimate? Or what should the shop owner do?.

Praise be to Allaah.

If the owner of the shop has stated that the customer must
come and take the jewellery that he wants repaired within a period of no
more than three months, then he does not come during that time period,
then he may take his fee and give the rest of the gold in charity or sell
it and give its price in charity; he should not take possession of it for
himself.

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) was
asked: In a Laundromat there are some clothes that have been there for more
than two months and their owners are not known, even though one of the
conditions on the receipt is that the Laundromat is not responsible for the
clothes that are left by their owners for more than two months. Can the
owner of the Laundromat take them, either to use them or sell them or give
them in charity? If he takes them, then the owner asks for them after he has
disposed of them, should he give the price of them or not?

He replied:

If it is stipulated to the owner of the clothes that if he is
two months late, he has no rights to the clothes he left, then he is the one
who is late, and when the two months have passed, the owner of the
Laundromat may either give them in charity if there is someone who will
accept them and wear them, or he may sell them and give their price in
charity. But I think that he should wait, after the two months, for 10 or 15
days, because the owner may have wanted to come, but his car broke down or
he fell sick. So it is better to wait.

End quote from Liqa’ al-Baab al-Maftooh, 215/11

He also said: If there is a time limit agreed between them,
then when that time ends, he may give them in charity or sell them and give
their price in charity.

But if there was no set time agreed between them, it is not
permissible to sell them after one or two months; rather he should not sell
them and he should not dispose of them unless he has given up on the owner
coming. If he has given up on him, then he is free (to dispose of them),
because he cannot let his place become filled up with these clothes or these
furnishings endlessly.

Liqa’ al-Baab al-Maftooh,
215/19

It should be noted that in the case of gold that is to be
exchanged, it is not permissible to leave it in the shop, rather the
exchange must be done in the same sitting, hand to hand, like for like;
delaying it or giving more is riba.