Category Archives: Volume 4 No. 2 (1982)

Author(s): M.C. Escalante, H.P. Johnson and C. Anderson

Abstract

An irrigation water management computer simulation model for lowland rice production was developed using the concept of rotation irrigation. It was designed so that the number of rotation areas and Interval of irrigation could be varied within the program. Input parameters Included maximum irrigable area, variety of rice which determined the period of irrigation, kind of soil and efficiency of the irrigation system. To run the computer simulation model, data on rainfall, pan evaporation and stream flow were necessary. The model can be used to determine the appropriate time of planting rice and to solve problems In water management.

Author(s): Andres L. Alemania, R.M. Santiago and N.M. Gloria

Abstract

Three abaca varieties (Linawaan, inosa and Laylay) were evaluated for fiber quality and recovery. Except for stretch percentage, Llnawaan variety showed the highest recovery and tensile strength, and the heaviest taxies and dry fiber recovered per stalk. However, Laylay variety produced more fiber of higher grade than the others. The outer group of leafsheaths produced stronger fibers than the middle and inner groups, In that order. Middle, inner and outer groups ranked first, second and third, respectively, in weight of dry fiber per 15 stalks and average weight of taxies stripped in 5 min. The downward position with the tips of taxies stripped first produced the highest weight of dry fiber per 15 stalks, while the downward position with butts stripped first appeared to have better quality fiber compared to the rest of the treatments. No significant interaction between group of leafsheaths and different positions of setting tuxies into the spindle was observed.

Abstract

The response of cassava (cv. Laken) to NPK fertilization and mycorrhizal inoculation was evaluated through a pot experiment using unsterilized soil (Lipa clay loam and Luislana clay). Application of 45-60-60 and 90-60-60 in Lipa clay loam and Luislane clay, respectively, resulted in significantly higher P uptake than with 0-60-60 treatment In both soil types. Nitrogen and potassium uptakes were not significantly affected by NPK levels in both soil types. Irrespective of soil type and fertilizer treatments, inoculation significantly increased shoot phosphorus concentration and uptake.

Author: Justiniano L. Seroy

Abstract

The students’ oral narrations on 3 picture stories were tape-recorded. Background questionnaires were administered to the students, and the comprehensibility of the English oral narrations were evaluated by 18 selected judges. Analysis of the data revealed that a) the students widely employed communication strategies in their oral narrations; b) the mean comprehensibility level of the students’ narrations was below average; c) there was a significant relationship between the extent of use of communication strategies and oral language proficiency, as well as the use of communication strategies and message comprehensibility; and d) among the personal variables, the type of school, pronunciation, age, years in school, nervousness and sex were found to be significant predictors of the students’ comprehensibility level. On the other hand, among the types of communication strategies, topic avoidance, simplification-reduction, circumlocution, modeling, code-switching, message abandonment, approximation and word coinage were found to be significant predictors of the students’ comprehensibility level.

Author(s): BeniIda S. Pestilos and Monina M. Escalada

Abstract

The Farm Management Technicians involved In Maisagana or corn production program in Leyte who served as respondents had ages ranging from 22 to 41 years with a mean age of 28.9. Majority were males and married. All of them completed a bachelor’s degree, one-half of whom majored in agronomy. More than half (55%) visited their clients 1-5 times a month, and one-half reported that their visits to their clients usually lasted 2 hr. Almost all (90%) of the respondents reported that they listened to radio, and majority of them listened to radio daily. Both music and farm programs topped the list of radio programs listened to by the respondents. All of them read print media, and of these, newspapers were reported to be the most frequently read publication by 35% of the respondents. A great majority (85%) of the respondents spent from 1 to 8 hr per week reading print media. Co-extension workers were consistently reported by the respondents to be the most frequent source of information for all corn production practices. followed by print and radio. The information needs of the respondents on corn production were found to be on shelling, marketing, and disease and insect pest control.

Author(s): Jose L. Bacusmo and A. L. Carpena

Abstract

Leaf area index, crop growth rate, leaf angle of young leaves, internode length, number of roots per plant and mean root weight showed a positive correlation with root yield. Specific leaf weights, net assimilation rate at 30 and 60 days after planting and moisture content showed negative correlation with yield. Compensatory relationship between mean root weight and number of roots per plant was demonstrated in high yielding varieties of sweet potato. The extent of direct and indirect effects of 7 shoot characters and 5 root components on root yield was determined using path-coefficient analysis.

Abstract

Fly ash application at the rate of 5 t/ha enhanced early our bulking, resulting in the development of more tubers per plant of sweet potato. Application of higher levels of fly ash did not increase its tuber yield but promoted the vegetative growth of the crop. Plants from plots manured with 5 t ha of fly ash significantly produced more marketable tubers and consequently resulted in higher tuber yield compared to those in the control plots. On the other hand. herbage yield was significantly higher in plots treated with 20 t/ha of fly ash. Soil parameters such as pH, manganese and zinc markedly increased with fly ash application while potassium. magnesium and aluminum decreased. No significant effect of fly ash application was observed on the nitrogen, calcium and organic matter content of the soil.

Author(s): Celsa F. Armecin and Azucena L. Carpena

Abstract

The prevalence of normal bivalent pairing at diakinesis and metaphase I and the high percentage of cells having regular meiosis suggest that cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an allotetraploid and not an autotetraploid. Based on the results, cassava seems to be a segmental rather than a true allotetraploid as indicated by the presence of multivalents and univalents in 29% of the total meiotic cells observed. This implies partial homology between the chromosomes of the species resulting in segmental pairing of homologous chromosomes. Therefore, cultivated cassava is a segmental allotetraploid with a basic chromosome number of x = 9 and a chromosome number of 2n = 4x = 36.

Author: Rolinda L. Talatala

Abstract

The phytotoxicity of thiobencarb (S-4-chlorobenzyl diethylthiocarbamate) to IR-36 and RD-19 rice cultivars using different methods of NA (1. 8-naphthalic anhydride) application was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. IR-36 cultivar showed greater response to the method of NA application than RD-19. Seed treatment with the antidote provided the best protection to IR-36 seedlings. In RD-19 cultivar, either broadcast application on soil surface or surface application followed by incorporation into the soil was as effective as seed treatment in decreasing thiobencarb phytotoxicity. This cultivar appeared to require less NA to obtain protection, and this requirement could always be met in any method of application. The minimum NA requirement for IR-36 was probably higher, and seed treatment was the only method which satisfied such requirement.