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Abstract

It was experimentally found that electronic structures of Russell-Saunders manifolds in Nd:YAG depended on the Nd3+-doping concentration (CNd) and its fabrication process. Both of the bandwidth and the branching ratio in fluorescent transitions in Nd:YAG varied almost linearly depending on CNd, and a fabrication process has its own diluted limit of the bandwidth and the branching ratio. Also dependences of Stark splitting in Nd:YAG were also observed. Nd3+-doping causes 1.9% and 4.5% reduction in the stimulated emission cross section of Nd:YAG per 1at.% of CNd at 1.064 μm and 1.319 μm, respectively.

The dependence of the bandwidth of several fluorescence lines of Nd:YAG on CNd (a), and the label of each Stark level in manifolds 4F3/2, 4I13/2, and 4I11/2 of Nd3+(b). Circle, triangle, and square indicate the evaluated value of the fluorescent bandwidth of CZ, SS, and WS, respectively. Labels Ri, Xi and Yi indicates the i-th lower Stark level of 4F3/2, 4I13/2, and 4I11/2 manifolds, respectively.

Stark splitting in Nd:YAG. The splitting of 4F3/2 is estimated from the transition from Ri to Y1 (a), and similarly the splitting of X1 and X2 are calculated from the transition from Ri to X1 and X2 (b). The right axes indicate the ratio of the splitting variation, where νmin is the minimum value of the measured splitting in each graph. Circle, triangle, and square indicate the evaluated value of the Stark splitting in CZ, SS, and WS, respectively.

Ratios of fluorescent bandwidths under the final states Yi to Y1 in Nd:YAG, which coincide with ratios of |〈ψf|V1|ψi〉|2. Initial states are R1 (a) and R2 (b). Circle, triangle, and square indicate the evaluated ratios of |〈ψf|V1|ψi〉|2 in CZ, SS, and WS, respectively.

Ratios of |〈ψf|μ|ψi〉|2 (Bi-f) from the initial states R2 to R1 in Nd:YAG. Final states are Y1 (a) and Y3 (b). Circle, triangle, and square indicate the evaluated ratios of |〈ψf|μ|ψi〉|2 in CZ, SS, and WS, respectively.

CNd-dependence of branching ratio of Nd:YAG. The main peak of 1.1-μm emission (R2 to Y3) and of 1.3-μm emission (R2 to X1) have alternate dependences on CNd. Circle, triangle, and square indicate the evaluated branching ratios of CZ, SS, and WS, respectively.