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mandag 9. april 2018

Falk`erns elektriske draiv får presse - Curt Lewis

Faced with global warming, aviation aims to turn
green

Will we someday be able to fly without the guilt of causing
environmental damage? A handful of firms and regulators hope that the electric
revolution in cars will also take to the skies, helping the industry cope with
an expected boom in travel and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

"Many people say that we must get rid of air transport because we
will never be able to deal with emissions and noise, but this is an outdated
approach," said Norwegian Transport Minister Ketil Solvik-Olsen, who recently
hosted an aviation conference in Oslo.

Norway, the largest oil and gas producer in western Europe, is
paradoxically a pioneer in the field of electric transport. The Nordic nation
aims for all new vehicle registrations to be zero emission by 2025 and launched
a first electric ferry in early 2015.

After land and water, the northern kingdom is now turning to the sky
with the goal of electrifying all short haul flights in just over 20
years.

"In my mind, there is no doubt: by 2040 Norway will be operating
totally electric," said Dag Falk-Petersen, head of the country's public airport
operator, Avinor.

Tesla of the skies?

Air transportation's impact on global warming is estimated at around
five percent through CO2 emissions and other substances, including nitrogen
oxide and water vapour.

As the number of air passengers is expected to almost double by 2036
to 7.8 billion per year, according to the International Air Transport
Association's (IATA) projections, aviation's impact is on a course to increase
substantially if nothing is done.

Meanwhile, the airline industry aims to cut its CO2 emissions in half
by 2050 from 2005 levels.

While the international umbrella group Climate Action Network (CAN)
says these goals are unrealistic, some airlines are beginning to look at
electric-powered aircraft as an answer.

"Aircraft producers see that they have to do it because otherwise
there will be a new Tesla taking their positions," said Falk-Petersen, referring
to how the upstart US electric car manufacturer has shaken up the traditional
automobile industry.

Both of the major manufacturers of large passenger aircraft, Airbus
and Boeing, are exploring the viability of electric planes.

Airbus aims to develop a hybrid model called E-Fan X, and has teamed
up with British engine maker Rolls Royce and German industrial group Siemens.
The first flight is planned for 2020.

"One of the biggest challenges is electricity storage," Glenn
Llewellyn, general manager for electrification at Airbus, told AFP.

As with cars, the performance of batteries is a critical element,
with the added problem that they are heavier than fuel and carrying them into
the air is the most-energy intensive part of the flight.

"But at the same time battery technology is probably the technology
in the world which has the most investment. So it will evolve," added
Llewellyn.

'Any place in the world'

Zunum Aero, a start-up partly financed by US aeronautics group
Boeing, meanwhile plans to bring a 12-seat hybrid plane to the market by
2022.

"The price that we're targeting is very much in line with the current
aircraft but the operation cost is just a fraction, it's literally 60 to 70
percent lower than an equivalent aircraft in operation right now," said the
startup's founder Matt Knapp.

The expected lower operating costs of electric planes, both due to
cheap electricity and simpler motors, means that the highly competitive
airline industry could end up
adopting them quickly.

Airbus offered several years ago updated aircraft with 15 percent
fuel savings, and as jet fuel is a major cost for airlines, they quickly placed
orders for thousands as they tried to get ahead of rivals.

The transition to electric could also provide another advantage: they
are much quieter, meaning they may win exceptions to restrictions imposed due to
noise near residential areas.

Combined with the fact that electric planes don't need such long
runways, they could be used at some smaller airports close to city
centres.

Avinor said switching to electric would also help airlines avoid any
climate change related penalties that regulators could impose, such as higher
taxes and flying restrictions.

Norway sees itself as a good test bed for electric
planes.

"There are a lot of issues to deal with, with icy conditions, with
heavy winds," says Widero CEO Stein Nilsen.

"But if we can do that here in Norway, I'm certain that this air
plane will cope with any conditions in any place in the world."