Intelligence : From Secrets to Policy

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Mark M. Lowenthal has more than twenty-three years' experience in the executive and legislative branches of government as an intelligence official. He currently is an adjunct professor in the graduate programs at Columbia University and George Washington University and is a senior principal in the Intelligence Directorate of SRA International, Inc., where he is involved in a variety of projects in support of the U.S. intelligence community.

Tables, Figures, and Boxes

ix

Preface

xi

Acronyms

xiv

Chapter 1 WHAT IS "INTELLIGENCE"?

1

(10)

Why Have Intelligence Agencies?

2

(3)

What Is Intelligence About?

5

(4)

Key Terms

9

(1)

Further Readings

9

(2)

Chapter 2 THE DEVELOPMENT OF U.S. INTELLIGENCE

11

(19)

Major Themes

12

(7)

Major Historical Developments

19

(9)

Key Terms

28

(1)

Further Readings

29

(1)

Chapter 3 THE U.S. INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY

30

(24)

Alternative Ways of Looking at the Intelligence Community

33

(1)

The Many Different Intelligence Communities

34

(4)

Intelligence Community Relationships That Matter

38

(10)

The Intelligence Budget Process

48

(4)

Key Terms

52

(1)

Further Readings

52

(2)

Chapter 4 THE INTELLIGENCE PROCESS—A MACRO LOOK: WHO DOES WHAT FOR WHOM?