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How to Handle Unusual Data

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How to Handle Unusual Data

Introduction

Sometimes when you're performing a lab, you get readings that don't appear to
be right. This presents a dilemma. Many important discoveries are based on
somebody noticing some data that doesn't seem to fit, leading to further
investigation and the advancement of technology. On the other hand, frequently
the data is just incorrect, giving misleading results. We need to be able to
handle this situation in a way that doesn't detract from analyzing the results,
but also doesn't destroy important evidence.

What to do

When you're performing a lab, ALL the data you record should go into
your reports under the Data/Observations sections. Nothing should be omitted.
That way, in case there's a question later, at least you've recorded the
evidence.

After you've recorded all the data, you can then make a decision to omit data
which is obviously wrong. For example, if you've immersed an item in hot water
and then taken it out, the item cannot be hotter than the temperature of boiling
water: 100°C or 212°F. If you record a temperature of 2000°F, that would be
the temperature inside a steel blast furnace, and the object probably would
have been destroyed! This data is obviously incorrect.

In your "Results" or "Discussion" section of your reports, you should make
note of the erroneous reading and remove it from the data. You should then
proceed with any other calculations that you need to make on the remaining
data.

Summary

You've now avoided the dilemma discussed at the beginning of this page.
You've recorded the data, so that if there's a question later the original data
is still present. However, you've also avoided having what appears to be
incorrect data cause you to make incorrect calculations or draw incorrect
conclusions about what you've done.