Use of Vacuum Assisted Closure Therapy in the …

The Journal of Diabetic Foot Complications open access publishing Use of VacuumAssistedClosureTherapy in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Wounds Authors: Luca Dalla Paola1, Anna Carone2, Silvia Ricci3, Andrea Russo4, Tania Ceccacci5, Sasa Ninkovic6. The Journal of Diabetic Foot Complications, Volume 2, Issue 2, , 2010, all rights reserved. Abstract: Diabetic foot disease is a major health problem, which affects up to 15% of the more than 200 million patients with diabetes worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of amputation. Vacuum - AssistedClosure ( ) Therapy has been shown to be effective in the treatment of diabetic foot wounds. In two parallel randomized controlled trials we have evaluated the effectiveness of VAC Therapy in enhancing skin-graft take of diabetic foot wounds (study I) and the effectiveness in treatment of infected open minor amputations (study II).

34 The Journal of Diabetic Foot Complications Open access publishing The treatment of diabetic foot wounds requires a

Transcription of Use of Vacuum Assisted Closure Therapy in the …

1 The Journal of Diabetic Foot Complications open access publishing Use of VacuumAssistedClosureTherapy in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Wounds Authors: Luca Dalla Paola1, Anna Carone2, Silvia Ricci3, Andrea Russo4, Tania Ceccacci5, Sasa Ninkovic6. The Journal of Diabetic Foot Complications, Volume 2, Issue 2, , 2010, all rights reserved. Abstract: Diabetic foot disease is a major health problem, which affects up to 15% of the more than 200 million patients with diabetes worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of amputation. Vacuum - AssistedClosure ( ) Therapy has been shown to be effective in the treatment of diabetic foot wounds. In two parallel randomized controlled trials we have evaluated the effectiveness of VAC Therapy in enhancing skin-graft take of diabetic foot wounds (study I) and the effectiveness in treatment of infected open minor amputations (study II).

2 In study I, 70 patients were randomly assigned to either VAC Therapy (V1 group) or coverage of the grafts with non adherent gauze (C1 group). In study II, 130 diabetic subjects were randomized to either surgical debridement and VAC Therapy (V2 group) or surgical debridement and semi-occlusive silver dressing (C2 group). In study I the take rate was 80% in the V1 group versus 68% in the C1 group (p = ). In study II a more rapid development of granulation tissue covering the exposed bone was shown in the V2 group when compared to the C2 group (41 8 vs 59 18 days, p =. ). Also a better and more rapid control of the infections (10 8 days in V2 group vs 19 13 days in C2. group; p = ) and reduced time to complete Closure of the wound was found with VAC Therapy (65 16. days in V2 group vs 98 45 days in C2 group, p = ).

3 Total time required for surgical procedures was reduced in the VAC group ( hours versus 6 hours in the control group, p = ). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that treating diabetic wounds with VAC Therapy can result in a faster wound bed preparation, a faster Closure , and in a better graft take rate when compared to standard wound care. I. Key words: Amputation; Diabetic Foot Ulcer; Limb ntroduction Salvage; Negative Pressure woundTherapy ;. wound Healing. Chronic wounds are a tremendous burden to the healthcare system, accounting for about $20. billion in healthcare costs per year world ,2. Foot ulceration is the precursor to approximately 85% of all diabetic amputations, with an estimated 14% to 20% of patients with foot ulcers undergoing an Infection of the ulcer further increases the risk of amputation.

4 It has been Address Correspondence to: Prof. Luca Dalla Paola. Diabetic Foot Unit, Maria Cecilia Hospital, Via Corriera 1-48010, Cotignola (Ra) Italy. Email: estimated that if such patients were initially treated by a multidisciplinary team, major amputations could be prevented in 80 90% of those with limb- 1-4. threatening ischemia17-22 and in 95% of patients Diabetic Foot Unit , Maria Cecilia Hospital. GVM Care &. Research,Cotignola (Ra) Italy. with This is significant considering 5,6. Abano Terme Hospital Padova Italy. that amputations are related to high morbidity /. mortality rates and to a financial burden of up to $60,000 per patient. 33. The Journal of Diabetic Foot Complications open access publishing The treatment of diabetic foot wounds requires a Until the end of 2005 only two randomized multidisciplinary approach.

5 Treatment of peripheral controlled trials (RCT) that evaluated clinical vascular disease (PVD), infection and pathological effectiveness of Therapy in the treatment of plantar pressure play a significant role in the overall diabetic foot wounds were found in the management of these lesions. Topical treatment of ,40 McCallon included only 10 patients wounds using advanced wound dressings has, but found faster healing and greater wound surface unfortunately, not yet produced entirely consistent reduction when Therapy was compared to results. Recently, more promising outcomes have gauze been obtained in the treatment of neuropathic wounds due to the introduction of bioengineered Armstrong et al have published a large multi-centre tissue in clinical practice31-34 and to the availability randomized controlled study, in which Therapy was applied to open amputations.

6 The of Vacuum - AssistedClosureTherapy ( , Kinetic Concepts Inc., San Antonio USA). control group was treated with advanced moist wound dressings according to standard guidelines of The Therapy system consists of an inert, the participating centers. Treatment with reticulated open cell foam that is modeled to fit into Therapy resulted in a statistically significant the wound . The foam is subsequently covered and reduction in healing time, a higher percentage of sealed with a semi-occlusive film. Tubing is healed wounds and a potential reduction in the attached to a small aperture that is cut on the number of However, less than dressing's surface, while the other end of the tubing 50% of the patients reached complete healing system is attached to the Unit. This device during the 112 day-follow-up period. and configuration delivers negative pressure to the wound that can be administered in a continuous or Furthermore, it has been shown that intermittent mode.

7Therapy is effective in improving the qualitative and quantitative take-rate of skin grafts in venous Therapy has been shown to help wound leg ulcers 50 and several other wound types, but not healing in various ways. Early tests on animals have in diabetic foot ,52. demonstrated that decreases bacterial burden in wounds, changing them from infected wounds to colonized wounds within 4 to 5 days of A. Other postulated mechanisms of action im of the study that might affect wound healing are the induction of an increased local wound perfusion 35,42, the The goals of our studies were to evaluate: induction of micro-deformations at the wound surface35,36 and the removal of exudate including 1. The effectiveness of the in diabetic inhibitory factors contained These patients selected to undergo skin graft procedures mechanisms might explain how stimulates on ankle and foot ulcers.

8 The primary end point was granulation tissue formation in comparison with to quantitatively evaluate the skin graft take when wet-to-moist compared to a standard dressing in patients with diabetic wounds. Therapy has been shown to be an effective treatment of both complicated and non-complicated 2. The effectiveness of the on infected ulcerated wounds35-49, however high level of ulcers, open amputations and surgical dehiscence evidence is still marginally available. after foot surgery. The primary end point was to evaluate the effect of Therapy on the healing 34. The Journal of Diabetic Foot Complications open access publishing time when compared to standard of care in our Therapy group or the control group. Thirty-five hospital. Secondary end points were duration until subjects were assigned to the Therapy (V1.)

9 Wounds were free of infection, the mean time for group). This group received Therapy bone coverage by granulation tissue, the percentage immediately after the skin graft application in the of new amputations, and the total time spent for operating theatre. The other 35 patients were surgical procedures. randomized to the control group (C1) in which the graft dressing was covered with non-adherent gauze. A photographic documentation was accomplished at enrollment in the study, during the P. atients and Methods intermediate phase and at the end of the Therapy . All patients that developed signs of infection during This prospective, randomized clinical trial Therapy were treated with antibiotic Therapy after with a follow up period per patient of 6 microbiological examination. For the diagnosis of months was conducted between July 2007 and July infection clinical criteria as previously described 2008.

10 After local Ethics Committee approval, were Infected Group 1 patients were written informed consent was obtained from all treated with antibiotics until the wound was in a participants before inclusion. The study was clinically diagnosed non-infected condition. Only performed in accordance with guidelines as defined then were subjects scheduled for a skin graft by the Declaration of Helsinki. procedure. Two different groups of diabetic patients with A second group of 130 patients (Study II) were ulcerations below the ankle were enrolled. In the studied to compare the effectiveness of first group (Study I), 70 subjects affected by Therapy in the treatment of open amputations, or diabetes mellitus, hospitalized and selected for surgical dehiscence of minor amputations with receiving meshed skin graft for coverage of wounds standard modern wound dressings.

Tissue Viability Policy Version 2 Page 1 of 35 Tissue Viability Policy – The Prevention & Management of Wounds Solent NHS Trust policies can only be considered to be valid and up-to-date if viewed on the intranet.