Previous HGNC Symbols for AMBP Gene

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for AMBP Gene

Summaries for AMBP Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for AMBP Gene

This gene encodes a complex glycoprotein secreted in plasma. The precursor is proteolytically processed into distinct functioning proteins: alpha-1-microglobulin, which belongs to the superfamily of lipocalin transport proteins and may play a role in the regulation of inflammatory processes, and bikunin, which is a urinary trypsin inhibitor belonging to the superfamily of Kunitz-type protease inhibitors and plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. This gene is located on chromosome 9 in a cluster of lipocalin genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Protein details for AMBP Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Protein attributes for AMBP Gene

Size:

352 amino acids

Molecular mass:

38999 Da

Quaternary structure:

I-alpha-I plasma protease inhibitors are assembled from one or two heavy chains (H1, H2 or H3) and one light chain, bikunin. Inter-alpha-inhibitor (I-alpha-I) is composed of H1, H2 and bikunin, inter-alpha-like inhibitor (I-alpha-LI) of H2 and bikunin, and pre-alpha-inhibitor (P-alpha-I) of H3 and bikunin. Alpha-1-microglobulin occurs as a monomer and also in complexes with IgA and albumin. Alpha-1-microglobulin interacts with FN1. Trypstatin is a monomer and also occurs as a complex with tryptase in mast cells (By similarity). Alpha-1-microglobulin and bikunin interact (via SH3 domain) with HEV ORF3 protein.

Miscellaneous:

In vitro, the first twelve residues of the amino end of the inhibitor appear to have a reactive site capable of inhibiting the activity of a number of enzymes. Its in vivo function is not known.

Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for AMBP Gene

neXtProt entry for AMBP Gene

Protein Expression for AMBP Gene

Post-translational modifications for AMBP Gene

3-hydroxykynurenine, an oxidized tryptophan metabolite that is common in biological fluids, reacts with Cys-53, Lys-111, Lys-137, and Lys-149 to form heterogeneous polycyclic chromophores including hydroxanthommatin. The reaction by alpha-1-microglobulin is autocatalytic; the human protein forms chromophore even when expressed in insect and bacterial cells. The chromophore can react with accessible cysteines forming non-reducible thioether cross-links with other molecules of alpha-1-microglobulin or with other proteins such as Ig alpha-1 chain C region Cys-352.

Function for AMBP Gene

Products:

Molecular function for AMBP Gene

GENATLAS Biochemistry:

alpha-1-microglobulin (HC,lipocalin family Kernel group),expressed in plasma either as a free form or in covalent complexes with albumine IgA and bikunin precursor (ITIL),complexing with ITIH1,ITIH2, ITIH3 or ITIH4,to form alpha type inhibitor (respectively inter- and pre-)

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for AMBP Gene:

mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for AMBP Gene:

Tissue specificity:Expressed by the liver and secreted in plasma. Alpha-1-microglobulin occurs in many physiological fluids including plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor is present in plasma and urine.

Homologous chromosomal locations of the four genes for inter-alpha-inhibitor and pre-alpha-inhibitor family in human and mouse: assignment of the ancestral gene for the lipocalin superfamily.(PMID: 1385302)Salier J.P. … Mattei M.G.(Genomics 1992)232264