Epidemiological Pattern of Trauma Among the Children in Southwestern Iran from 2012 to 2016

Abstract

Introduction: Since trauma is a threatening factor against the human beings, 10000 people are annually killed in the accident. 10 percent of those incidents belong to children. The aim of this study is to examine the epidemiologic trauma pattern among the children ranging in age from1 to 15 years old. Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional research which dealt with ex-post facto analysis and it was conducted through examine the census of accidents among 1994 files of children with trauma. The sample was between 1 to 15 years old they referred to ER since they had accidents that caused trauma. Their personal data like gender, age, types of trauma and the place of incidents were recorded. Then the anatomy of trauma and the death toll of the incidents were registered through the checklist. The collected data were calculated through SPSS, version.21 and the descriptive (i.e., frequency, percentage, tables and figures) and inferential (i.e., Chi-square and spearman) statistics. Results: Finding showed that among 1994 cases of trauma, there were 65.7 percent males and 43.3 percent female cases. Most trauma incidents were happened in the streets or home and the least ones were at schools. The highest frequency of happenings was car accident and falling down. The most anatomic place of body was the multiple trauma and limbs. The most frequent trauma was seen in the head and neck and the least one was recorded in the chest. Among all the patients, 98.1 percent were discharged in the hospital and 1.9 percent died. Conclusion: Since can accident and falling down were the most frequent incidents causing trauma and the places like streets and houses were frequent, training the parents on how to be careful in providing the children with safe cars and secure environments can decrease trauma in children.

Introduction

Trauma is a kind of damage which directly and indirectly affects the baby in an intentional or unintentional modes. This may include traffic, toxic, falling down, drawing traumas (Amani, 2009). Trauma goes back to the history of human beings from the past to the present and it causes the damage or death of many children and young people in developed and industrial countries (Zargar, 2002). Nowadays, trauma is one of the problems in the medical practice and it causes many social and financial problems (Kiakejori, 2012). The problems of trauma in the society threaten the health of people in that society (Rahmani, 2013). It is the most epidemic cause of death among the people between the age ranges of 1 to 44. It is also in the third rank of causes of death without considering the causes of death (Arhamidolatabadi, 2016; Davoodabadi, 2011). Truman is one of the causes of losing the potential time of life in developing countries regarding the death of the young people (Ramooz, 2014). In Iran, trauma is in the second rank of death after cardiovascular diseases (Hassanzadeh, 2015). It is estimated that there are 1.5 million people who die annually because of trauma and millions of people should be hospitalized in a long period of time (Haghinejad, 2015). In the US, there are 160000 deaths and 50000 people are disabled due to the causes of trauma (Yaghobi, 2010; Amani, 2009). The examining of trauma which causes death in every 100000 people in the world has shown that there are 99 people in the world and 58 people in Iran (Zamani, 2014). According to World Health Organization (WHO), the death toll will be reaching to 40 percent up to 2030 (Noroozinia, 2016). According to WHO, there are 78 million people who need medical care regarding the problems of trauma. Seven percent of all deaths refer to this matter in the
world. Among the trauma victims, children are the frequent ones (Souri, 2002). In other words, children are very susceptible to trauma making death (Abdoli, 2014). Children are big part of the population in the country and they are the victims of this happening which causes them to refer to the ER. Moreover, trauma is the causes of their death or disability between the age of 1 to 14 (Arhamidolatabadi, 2016; Avarello, 2007; Meamarzade, 2011). Trauma is the cause of more than 10000 deaths and 10 present of hospitalized children in the world (Cooper, 1993; Meamarzade, 2011). The identification of trauma and the happening in order to prevent and control of its damages is important (Bijani, 2013). Since providing the causes of trauma can help study of trauma in our country, the examining of trauma incidents may prevent these happenings (Agran, 1998; Arhamidolatabadi, 2016; Forouzanfar, 2014; Javid, 2006; Safari, 2014). Thus the present study examined the epidemic pattern of trauma in the children who referred to Abadan and Khoramshar hospitals from 2011 to 2017 in Iran.

References

Abdoli A, Ravari A, Heidari Sh. Study of traumatic accidents the schools of Rafsanjan in 2010 to 2011: A short report. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences 2014; 13(7):642-647.