Spanning Tree Protocol Spanning tree protocol is a protocol that prevents loops that are not wanted in a network. In order for a network to work properly it has to have only one active path between two network stations. If there are multiple active paths between stations loops can and will occur. When loops occur, there can sometimes be duplicate messages in the network. The loops are created by the network and if the devices that connect the network segments are all configured to forward, they ...

The Evolution of TCP / IP (and the Internet) While the TCP / IP protocols and the Internet are different, their evolution are most definitely parallel. This section will discuss some of the history. Prior to the 1960's, what little computer communication existed comprised simple text and binary data, carried by the most common telecommunications network technology of the day; namely, circuit switching, the technology of the telephone networks for nearly a hundred years. Because most data traffic...

A computer network is a group of interconnected computers that can accomplish many important tasks. To define computer networking you should define networks. A network is composed of two or people or objects, using a common language, and they have something to share. In computer networking the two or more objects are the computer or terminal. This can consist; have an IBM 3270 terminal and accompanying mainframe, to a stand-alone computer. The computer is usually an IBM PC personal computer or c...

Multi-vendor interoperability for virtual private networking is essential in today's networking environment due to the nature of business acquisitions, the need to extend corporate networks to contractors and partners, and the diverse equipment within company networks. To ensure customers have an open solution, Microsoft Windows Server 2003-based VPN technology is based on industry standards. By supporting IETF industry standards, Microsoft delivers a VPN solution that will work with other stand...

NETWORK SECURITY In the last decade, the number of computers in use has exploded. For quite some time now, computers have been a crucial element in how we entertain and educate ourselves, and most importantly, how we do business. It seems obvious in retrospect that a natural result of the explosive growth in computer use would be an even more explosive (although delayed) growth in the desire and need for computers to talk with each other. For quite some time, businesses were primarily interested...

Concept of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Voice over Internet Protocol, commonly known as VoIP, is a technology used for the transmission of voice information using the Internet Protocol (IP). VoIP allows the sending of voice information in a digital form using packets as opposed to the traditional circuit-committed protocols of the Public Switched Telephone network (PSTN). Traditionally when one wishes to make a phone call, a call is placed using a telephone that is connected to a circuit-...

Transmission of Multimedia Data over Wireless Ad-Hoc networ sA. Berk BarutluAbstractAd-how networking has been of increasing interest and therefore recognized as an important research area in recent years. This paper is about transmission of multimedia data over wireless ad-how networks, the problems and the related issues. 1. Introduction 1.1 Ad-Hoc Networks An ad-how network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes that will dynamically form a temporary network without the use of any existing ...

Routers 1 Routers 2 Introduction The purpose of this paper is give a summary of the function and use of Routers in today's information age. To cover the complete subject of routers and routing, would be beyond the scope of this research paper. However the basic definition of a router is " A device used to connect networks of different types, such as those using different architectures and protocols. Routers work at the Network layer of the OSI model. This means they can switch and route packets ...

Telnet PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT Before gophers, hypertext, and sophisticated web browsers, telnet was the primary means by which computer users connected their machines with other computers around the world. Telnet is a plain ASCII terminal emulation protocol that is still used to access a variety of information sources, most notably libraries and local BBS's. This report will trace the history and usage of this still popular and widely used protocol and explain where and how it still manages to f...

Abstract The evolution of dynamic resource discovery in mobile computing can be traced from its genesis in 1994 when the Resource Discovery Protocol (RDP) was proposed, and later implemented in 1996. Building upon these efforts, the International Engineering Task Force (IETF) formed a working group that has since released two working versions of the Service Location Protocol, the latest of which is beginning to gain acceptance in the wireless design community. This paper highlights prominent iss...

The history of the Internet is long and complicated. When the idea began it was not supposed to be used by consumers, but instead by people of the "scientific and military fields" (Howe). There were many fundamental steps, spanning over 35 years, which played a crucial role in the development of the Internet. It all began in 1957 when Russia, known as USSR back then, launched Sputnik, the first artificial earth satellite, into orbit. "The effect in the United States was electrifying" (Griffiths)...