“The water that comes out as waste from the toilets is recycled and goes back in and is used for flushing, while the solid waste is converted into nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which can be stored and used as fertilizers,” Anvar Sadath, CEO of the Indian company behind the eToilets, said. “The gas from waste is converted into methane and can be used for burning.”

Sanitation and access to toilets is a huge issue in India with more than half the population having to defecate outside.

Sadath’s company already has 1,600 eToilets across 19 Indian states, with more than 400 sewage treatment plants, and is confident the NEWgenerator technology can be incorporated throughout the country.

The eToilets in schools are free with locks on them to prevent any pee squatters, while other toilets require inserting a few rupee coins before entering. Both are examples of the privatization of public space often criticized by anti-poverty activists.

“With our experience in successfully inducting high technology into the sanitation sector and simplifying it for the user, we are confident that this integrated system will be adopted for its simplicity and mass scalability,” Sadath said.