Thursday, October 19, 2017

U.S. Military Update: Enlistment Security Tightens

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Army turns away some green-card holders

The U.S. Army has stopped enlisting some immigrants who are legal
permanent residents while mandating lengthy delays for others, part of a
controversial effort across the military to tighten security in the
ranks by subjecting foreign-born recruits to tougher background checks.

Implemented late last week, the new policy halts indefinitely all
enlistments involving green-card holders seeking to join the Army
Reserve, which is a part-time military service commitment. Green-card
holders seeking to become full-time soldiers remain eligible to enlist
in the active-duty Army, but they are no longer allowed to start basic
training before their background checks are complete — a process that
could take a year or more.

Caught up in policy changes are potentially hundreds of immigrants
already in the Army’s recruiting pipeline, and thousands more who would
have followed. Many have prioritized military service with the goal of
gaining fast-tracked citizenship — a perk the Army can offer as it
competes with the private sector for talented applicants.

The Pentagon defends this and related measures implemented in recent
months, claiming they’re necessary to prevent terrorists and foreign
agents from infiltrating the American military.

Critics deride the moves as potentially unlawful, and that they’ll
turn away prospective troops who possess language and medical skills
desperately needed throughout the armed forces. The piecemeal, secretive
manner in which these new rules have been adopted has caused widespread
confusion for recruits and recruiters alike, opponents say, and sends a
terrible message.

“It looks like we’re now afraid of foreigners in the military. And
that means mission failure,” said Margaret Stock, a retired Army officer
who created an immigrant recruitment program for the military. “If
you’re going to be deployed in more than 100 countries to fight a global
war, you can’t be afraid of foreigners.”

Other new regulations also extend the waiting period for military
green-card holders to become naturalized U.S. citizens. Previously, that
could occur just weeks into basic training. Now active-duty recruits
must wait 180 days.

The dramatic policy changes have eroded confidence among recruits
closely monitoring every development. One Army Reserve recruit, a
green-card holder from Haiti, told The Post on Wednesday that his
training date was suspended with no indication when he can expect to
resume the enlistment process.

“We had a contract and now they’re not going to respect the terms,”
said the recruit, who spoke on the condition of anonymity out of fear of
reprisal.

“It’s confusing. There is no explanation. Even the recruiter doesn’t know what is happening,” he said.

Since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, more than 100,000 immigrants have
been naturalized through military service. Turning away immigrants, who
make up more than 13 percent of the U.S. population, will dry up a
reliable recruiting pool at a time the Army, pressed to reach quotas, is
enlisting some men and women with weak qualifications, Stock said.

Moreover, because U.S. law says permanent residents are permitted to
enlist, the new policy may violate the law; it also may violate treaties
with the independent island nations of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands
and Palau. Those citizens have a legal right to enlist, said Stock, who
is an immigration attorney.

First reported by Mic, the policy change immediately sparked panic
among recruits confused by the barrage of new regulations. The same was
true for recruiters. A Facebook information page used by thousands of
current and potential recruits featured a post Tuesday with multiple
recruiters giving contradictory and inaccurate assessments of the
directive.

The program Stock created in 2009, called Military Accessions Vital
to the National Interest, or MAVNI, traded fast-tracked citizenship to
immigrants who possess valuable skills that are in short supply among
U.S.-born service members — Arabic and Chinese fluency or expertise in
trauma surgery, for instance. More than 10,400 troops joined this way
before the program was shuttered in late-2016 amid security concerns and
complaints that enhanced background checks started by the Obama
administration overwhelmed resources.

As The Washington Post first reported in June, 1,000 foreign-born
recruits awaiting orders had lost their legal immigration status as a
result. At the time, the Pentagon said any cancellation of enlistment
contracts could expose immigrants to deportation.

In response, lawmakers pledged to block that decision. Some recruits
fled the country, and last month, the Army killed contracts for hundreds
of immigrants — in many cases prematurely and without warning.

The MAVNI program’s suspension was a factor in the Army’s failure to
meet its goal of bringing in 14,400 reservists this year, Stock said.
There was a shortfall of more than 1,000 recruits, Army officials said.
The Pentagon estimated 2,400 had passed previous security check
benchmarks and were waiting to train when officials recommended
canceling the bulk of those contracts.

Defense Secretary Jim Mattis said Friday that he believes the MAVNI
program can be saved, but he stressed the need to harden the military
from “espionage potential” among immigrants.

The Pentagon has not disclosed any examples of legitimate threats stemming from immigrant recruits.

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