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Abstract

Direct UV-written waveguides are fabricated in silica-on-silicon with birefringence of (4.9 ± 0.2) × 10−4, much greater than previously reported in this platform. We show that these waveguides are suitable for the generation of heralded single photons at telecommunication wavelengths by spontaneous four-wave mixing. A pulsed pump field at 1060 nm generates pairs of photons in highly detuned, spectrally uncorrelated modes near 1550 nm and 800 nm. Waveguide-to-fiber coupling efficiencies of 78–91 % are achieved for all fields. Waveguide birefringence is controlled through dopant concentration of GeCl4 and BCl3 using the flame hydrolysis deposition process. The technology provides a route towards the scalability of silica-on-silicon integrated components for photonic quantum experiments.

Published by The Optical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

Fig. 4 Bragg grating characterization results. (a) Representative Bragg grating reflection spectrum for TE and TM modes of high-birefringence DUW waveguides from wafer v2. The six peaks shown each represent a distinct Bragg grating, spaced along the length of the waveguide. (b) Waveguide birefringence as a function of fluence for waveguides on three chips from wafers v1, v2 and v3.