SUBJECTSInternational law, national security law, law of the sea, Palestinian-Israeli conflict, war on terrorism, the Gulf War, war crimes, conflict management, terrorism, nuclear weapons, Central American conflict, foreign affairs, Vietnam War, intelligence, constitutional law, democracy and the rule of law

John Norton Moore

Walter L. Brown Professor of Law
Director, Center for National Security Law
Director, Center for Oceans Law and PolicyLL.M., University of Illinois College of Law, 1965LL.B., Duke University School of Law, 1962A.B., Drew University, 1959

John Norton Moore, who joined the faculty in 1966, is an authority on international law, national security law and the law of the sea. He also teaches advanced topics in national security law and the rule of law. Moore taught the first course in the country on national security law and conceived and co-authored the first casebook on the subject. From 1991-93, during the Gulf War and its aftermath, Moore was the principal legal adviser to the Ambassador of Kuwait to the United States and to the Kuwait delegation to the U.N. Iraq-Kuwait Boundary Demarcation Commission.

From 1985 to 1991, he chaired the board of directors of the U.S. Institute of Peace, one of six presidential appointments he has held. From 1973 to 1976, he was chair of the National Security Council Interagency Task Force on the Law of the Sea and ambassador and deputy special representative of the president to the law of the sea conference. Previously he served as the counselor on international law to the State Department. With the deputy attorney general of the United States, he was co-chair in March 1990 of the U.S.-USSR talks in Moscow and Leningrad on the rule of law. As a consultant to the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, he was honored by the director for his work on the ABM Treaty Interpretation Project. He has been a frequent witness before congressional committees on maritime policy, legal aspects of foreign policy, national security, war and treaty powers, and democracy and human rights. He has been a fellow of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars at the Smithsonian Institution.

Moore is a member of advisory and editorial boards for nine journals and numerous professional organizations, and he has published many articles on oceans policy, national security and international law.

The Vietnam Debate: A Fresh Look at the Arguments (ed.) (University Press of America, Inc., 1990).

Biennial Report of The United States Institute of Peace, 1989 (Report of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, John Norton Moore) [Prepared and submitted to the President and the Congress of the United States pursuant to Section 1712 of the United States Institute of Peace Act (Public Law 98-525, as amended)] (March 1990).

The "Broad-Narrow" Debate: An Appraisal of Legal Issues Concerning the Development and Testing of "Mobile" Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems or Components Based on Other Physical Principles (Classified, September 1989. Study prepared for the United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency - 6 volumes in 9 books totaling approximately 4,000 pages).

Biennial Report of The United States Institute of Peace, 1987 (Report of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, John Norton Moore) [Prepared and submitted to the President and the Congress of the United States pursuant to Section 1712 of the United States Institute of Peace Act (Public Law 98-525, as amended)] (August 1987).

International and United States Documents on Oceans Law and Policy,5 vols. (ed.) (William S. Hein & Co., 1987).

Readings in International Law from the Naval War College Review, 1947-1977, 2 vols. (ed. with R.B. Lillich) (U.S. Naval War College International Law Studies, vols. 61 and 62, Naval War College Press, 1980).

“The ABA Standing Committee on Law and National Security: Historic Player in the Creation and Development of the Field” (with Robert F. Turner), in Jill D. Rhodes, ed., National Security Law: Fifty Years of Transformation: An Anthology 9 (American Bar Association Standing Committee on Law and National Security, 2012).

“Legal Issues in the U.S. Commitment to Vietnam: A Debate” (with others), in John Norton Moore & Robert F. Turner, eds., The Real Lessons of the Vietnam War: Reflections Twenty-five Years After the Fall of Saigon 99 (Carolina Academic Press, 2002).

“Postscript: William Colby and the 'Lost Victory' in Vietnam” (with Robert F. Turner), in John Norton Moore & Robert F. Turner, eds., The Real Lessons of the Vietnam War: Reflections Twenty-five Years After the Fall of Saigon 465 (Carolina Academic Press, 2002).

"Respondent in 'Setting Priorities,' Advancing Human Rights and Peace in a Complex World Symposium," October 2001, published in United States Institute of Peace Special Report (April 22, 2002), pp. 7-8.

"International & National Security Law: What Should Shape a President’s Perspective on Foreign Policy?" in 2 Engage 93 (Nov. 2001).

"Enhanced Effectiveness in United Nations Peacekeeping, Collective Security, and War Avoidance: Towards a New Paradigm," in John Norton Moore and Alex Morrison, eds.,Strengthening the United Nations and Enhancing War Prevention 101 (Carolina Academic Press, 2000).

"Toward the Rule of Law Among Nations: A Tribute to the Va. J. Int'l L.," 40 Va. J. Int'l L. 805 (2000).HeinOnline (PDF)

"Opening Remarks and Overview," 20 COLP Proceedings—Implementing the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention 3 (1996).

"Government Structures: A New Paradigm in War Avoidance and International Relations," Proceedings of the 1995 Conference of the Canadian Council on International Law—Globalism and Regionalism: Options for the 21st Century 36 (1995).

"The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the Rule of Law," 7 Geo. Int'l Envtl. L. Rev. 645 (Summer 1995). (Presented as part of a panel on the "Historical Evolution of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea" at the International Symposium on Implementing the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, January 27, 1995).HeinOnline (PDF)

"Emergency War Powers," in Gary M. Stern & Morton H. Halperin, eds., The U.S. Constitution and the Power to Go to War: Historical and Current Perspectives (Greenwood Press 1994).

"Legal Negotiations: The Legal, Political and Strategic Implications of the Work of the United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Boundary Demarcation Commission" (Paper Prepared for the Symposium on International Negotiations, Sponsored by the Institute of Diplomatic Studies, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, February 13, 1993).

"The Rule of Law and Foreign Policy," 2 Harv. J. of World Affairs 92 (Spring 1993).

"Low-Intensity Conflict and the International Legal System" (Paper Prepared for the Low-Intensity Conflict Symposium, The Naval War College, April 9-10, 1992). A shorter version of this paper is published in Low-Intensity Conflict: Old Threats in a New World 276 (E.G. Corr &S. Sloan eds., Westview Publishers 1992).

"Morality and the Rule of Law in the Foreign Policy of the Democracies," in W. Lawson Taitte, ed., Morality and Expediency in International and Corporate Relations, The Andrew R. Cecil Lectures on Moral Values in a Free Society, Vol. 13 at 124 (The University of Texas at Dallas, 1992).

"Iraq's Aggression Against Kuwait: Enforcing the Rule of Law in the Gulf Crisis," 4 Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues __ (San Diego School of Law, AInternational Law Symposium Double Issue, 1991/1992).HeinOnline (PDF)

"Constitutionalism and the Rule of Law," in The Role of the Republic of China in the International Community: Report of a Seminar, October 24-25, 1990 at 27 (R.S. Cline ed., U.S. Global Strategy Council 1991). Fourteenth Annual Seminar Welcoming Remarks, in Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Seminar, 1990: State Practice and the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention (M.H. Nordquist ed., Center for Oceans Law and Policy 1991).

Discussion Comments made by John Norton Moore in Appendix: "Strengthening the Rule of Law in the War Against Drugs and Narco-Terrorism": Transcript of the Proceedings of the American Bar Association's Standing Committee on Law and National Security and the Center for National Security Law at the University of Virginia School of Law, A National Security Conference, 15 Nova L. Rev. 795, 863, 887-91, 894 (Spring 1991).

"Issues in the Transition to Democracy: Reports of the Working Groups," in The Transition to Democracy: Proceedings of a Workshop (Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council, National Academy Press, 1991).

"The Principles of Cooperation and Good Faith Fulfillment of International Obligations" (with Robert F. Turner), in P.B. Stephen & B.M. Klimenko, eds., International Law and International Security: Military and Political Dimensions, A U.S.-Soviet Dialogue 278 (M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1991) (simultaneously published in the Russian language).

"Remarks by John Norton Moore" made on the panel "Changing Role of the International Court of Justice," 85 American Society of International Law Proceedings of the 85th Annual Meeting 35 (1991).

"Renegotiating Part XI: Ensuring an Effective Seabed Mining Regime," in M.H. Nordquist, ed., Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Seminar, 1991: Issues in Amending Part XI of the LOS Convention (Center for Oceans Law and Policy, 1991).

"War Crimes and the Rule of Law in the Gulf Crisis," 31 Va. J. Int'l L. 403 (1991) (Prepared remarks delivered before the Subcommittee on International Law, Immigration, and Refugees of the House Committee on the Judiciary, March 13, 1991).HeinOnline (PDF)

"Center for Oceans Law and Policy Report of the Director" 1990 (1990).

"The Development of the International Law of Conflict Management," in John Norton Moore et al., eds., National Security Law (1990).

Discussion Comments made by John Norton Moore in "The Panamanian Revolution: Diplomacy, War and Self-Determination in Panama (I & II), Self-Determination and Intervention in Panama (I)," 84 American Society of International Law Proceedings 182, 190-91, 194, 198-99, 201 (1990 Annual Meeting).

"The Lawfulness of the Use of Force in International Relations: Norms Concerning the Initiation of Coercion," in John Norton Moore et al., eds., National Security Law (1990).

"The Rule of Law: An Overview," Paper presented to the Seminar on the Rule of Law, Moscow and Leningrad, USSR, (March 19-23, 1990) (USIA translation to Russian for conference proceedings publication, August 1991, Progress Press, USSR).

"Statement of American Constitutional Scholars on the Historic Occasion of the Framing of the Namibian Constitution" (with D.L. Thompson), 136 Congressional Records 1568-69 (daily ed. February 26, 1990) (Presented to the Constituent Assembly of Namibia, January 26, 1990).

"The United States Should Adopt a 'Two-Track' Policy of Willingness to Negotiate the Seabed Mining Provisions While Moving Forward to Coordinate a Viable Reciprocating States Regime," 13 COLP Proceedings -Contemporary Issues in United States Law of the Sea Policy 60 (1990).

"Foreword" (with M.N. Nordquist), to United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea1982: A Commentary, vol. 5 at v (M.H. Nordquist ed., Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 1989).

"Remarks by John Norton Moore," on the panel on "Law in the U.S. Foreign Relations Process: Opening the Channels," 83 American Society of International Law Proceedings 407, 418-422 (1989 Annual Meeting).

"Separation of Powers in Foreign Policy: Do We Have an Imperial Congress?," in George C. Marshall Public Service Leadership Conference, October 23-24, 1987, "The President, Congress and Foreign Affairs," Report 15 (George C. Marshall Foundation, April 1988).

"Address: Do We Have an Imperial Congress?," 43 U. Miami L. Rev. 139 (September 1988) [Symposium: Foreign Affairs and the Constitution: The Roles of Congress, the President, and the Courts].HeinOnline (PDF)

"Conversations: Speaking with John Norton Moore," in 1 The United States Institute of Peace Journal 1 (1988).

"Reagan vs. Wright: The Constitutional Role of the President and Congress in Foreign Affairs" (Remarks of Thomas M. Franck and John Norton Moore, June 23, 1988), Town Hall Journal 129 (August 23, 1988).

"The Constitution, Foreign Policy, and Deterrence: The Separation of Powers in a Dangerous World," The World & I 546 (August 1987).

"The Constitution, Nuclear Weapons, and Deterrence: An Analysis of the FAS Proposal," in P. Raven-Hansen, ed., First Use of Nuclear Weapons: Under the Constitution, Who Decides? 23 (Greenwood Press, Inc. 1987) (Contributions in Legal Studies, no. 38).

"International Law and the Brezhnev Doctrine" (monograph with Robert F. Turner) (University Press of America, 1987).

"The Nicaragua Case and the Deterioration of World Order," 81 Am. J. Int'l L. 151 (1987).

"Nicaragua and International Law," in "The Continuing Crisis: U.S. Policy in Central America and the Caribbean" 433 (M. Falcoff & R. Royal eds., Ethics and Public Policy Center 1987) [An address to the American Society of International Law, April 1985].

"Preface: Mexico and the United States: Strengthening the Relationship" (with R. Friedman), 18 Cal. W. Int'l L. J. 1 (1987) [Conference, California Western School of Law and the American Bar Association Standing Committee on Law and National Security, February 6-7, 1987].HeinOnline (PDF)

"The Secret War in Central America: A Response to James P. Rowles," 27 Va. J. Int'l L. 273 (1987).HeinOnline (PDF)

"The Struggle for Peace in Central America and the Deterioration of the Global Deterrent System" (The Washington Institute for Values in Public Policy, 1987) [Paper presented at the conference "The Struggle Over Peace," The Washington Institute, October 1-2, 1986].

"World Peace Accountability: A Proposal For Broadening East-West Dialogue," The World & I 677 (July 1987).

"Introduction (to Part 2)," in Y. Alexander & J.S.D. Denton, Governmental Responses to Terrorism 67 (Hero Books 1987) (Hero Terrorism Series) [Papers presented at the Conference, National Forum Foundation, Institute for Studies in International Terrorism, and the Institute for Social and Behavioral Pathology, February 21, 1986].

"The OAS and the Struggle for Peace: The Central American Conflict as Case Study," in Anuario Juridico Interamericano 1986, 39 (General Secretariat, Organization of American States, 1987).

"Remarks by the Chairman, John Norton Moore" on the panel "Strategic Arms Limitation: Treaty Obligations and the Strategic Defense Initiative," 80 American Society of International Law Proceedings 73 (1986).HeinOnline (PDF)

"The Secret War in Central America and the Future of World Order," 80 Am. J. Int'l L. 43 (1986) [Reprinted in 148 World Affairs 75 (1985)].

"Appendix" (impromptu discussion with Ambassador S.M. Linowitz), in Restoring Bipartisanship in Foreign Affairs 64 (S.P. Soper ed., American Bar Association 1985) [Proceedings of the Conference, ABA Standing Committee on Law and National Security and the Committee on Executive-Congressional Relations of the ABA Section of International Law and Practice, May 23, 1985].

"The Brezhnev Doctrine and the Radical Regime Assault on the Legal Order," in International Security and the Brezhnev Doctrine 73 (CAUSA Publications, July 1985) (CAUSA International Seminar Series, vol. 11) [International Security Council Conference, June 9-11, 1985].

"Customary International Law After the Convention," in The Developing Order of the Oceans 41 (R.B. Krueger & S.A. Riesenfeld eds., Law of the Sea Institute 1985) [Proceedings: Law of the Sea Institute Eighteenth Annual Conference].

"Foreword," to National Security Leaks: Is There a Legal Solution? v (American Bar Association 1986) [Proceedings of the Conference, ABA Standing Committee on Law and National Security, American Bar Association Annual Meeting, July 17, 1985].

"Foreword" (with Robert F. Turner), to Restoring Bipartisanship in Foreign Affairs v (S.P. Soper ed., American Bar Association 1985) [Proceedings of the Conference, ABA Standing Committee on Law and National Security and the Committee on Executive-Congressional Relations of the ABA Section of International Law and Practice, May 23, 1985].

"Legal Issues in the Central American Debate," 131 Congressional Record E1630 (daily ed. April 22, 1985) [Statement delivered before the White House Central America Outreach Working Group, February 25, 1985].

"The Effects and Limits of Congressional Micro-Management of Foreign Policy," in Congress, the President, and Foreign Policy 141 (S.P. Soper ed., American Bar Association 1984)[Proceedings of the Conference, ABA Standing Committee on Law and National Security and the Committee on Executive-Congressional Relations of the ABA Section of International Law and Practice, May 10- 11, 1984].

"Introduction," to Ratification of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide 3 (Conflict Analysis Center, 1984).
"The Law of the Sea and the New International Economic Order," 3A Public Law Forum 13 (1984) [Symposium: The New International Economic Order: Development or Dependence?].

"The Proper Role of Congress in Foreign Affairs," in Congress, the President, and Foreign Policy 187 (S.P. Soper ed., American Bar Association 1984) [Proceedings of the Conference, ABA Standing Committee on Law and National Security and the Committee on Executive-Congressional Relations of the ABA Section of International Law and Practice, May 10-11, 1984].

"Legal Standards for Intervention in Internal Conflicts" for "Panel One: Obligations of Other States," "Panel One: General Discussion," and "Panel Two: General Discussion," 13 Ga.J. Int'l & Comp. Law 191, 231, 317 (1983) [Workshop: "Coping with Internal Conflicts: Dilemmas in International Law," American Bar Association and the University of Georgia School of Law, May 7-8, 1982].HeinOnline (PDF)

"A Theoretical Overview of the Laws of War in a Post-Charter World, with Emphasis on the Challenge of Civil Wars, 'Wars of National Liberation,' Mixed Civil-International Wars, and Terrorism," for the panel "Interstate Armed Conflict and Wars of National Liberation," 31 Am. U. L. Rev. 841 (1982) [The American Red Cross-Washington College of Law Conference "International Humanitarian Law," March 11-12, 1982].

"Introduction," to Multi-System Nations and International Law: The International Status of Germany, Korea and China (Proceedings of a Regional Conference of the American Society of International Law), no. 8 at iii (H. Chiu & R. Downen eds., Occasional Papers/Reprints Series in Contemporary Asian Studies, Inc. 1981).

"The Law of the Sea Negotiations and the Struggle for Law," in Proceedings of Conference on Deep Seabed Mining and Freedom of the Seas 21 (F.T. Chen ed., Remar Printing Company, Inc. 1981) [United Nations Association of Connecticut and the University of Bridgeport School of Law Grotius Society of International Law].

"Luncheon Address," in The Iran Crisis and International Law 95 (R.D. Steele ed., John Bassett Moore Society of International Law, 1981) [Proceedings of the John Bassett Moore Society of International Law Symposium on Iran, October 31, November 1, 1980].

"Remarks by John Norton Moore" on the panel "Preserving Order and Security," 75 Am. Soc'y Int'l L. Proc. 66 (1981).

"Concluding Remarks," in International Law Studies 1996: Protection of the Environment During Armed Conflict (U.S. Naval War College International Law Studies, vols. 61 and 62, Naval War College Press, 1980).

"Foreign Policy Dimensions of the Crisis in Oil," 17 Willamette L. Rev. 111 (1980) [Symposium: International Law and Foreign Policy in the 1980s, American Bar Association and the Willamette University College of Law, June 6-7, 1980].