SMITH ON HYMEJTOPTEBA OF ARtI ISLANDS.
Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects collected by Mr. A. E.
WALLACE at the Islands of Aru and Key. By FBEDEBICK
SMITH, Esq., Assistant in the Zoological Department, British
Museum. Communicated by ~W. W. SATJNDEES, Esq., F.B.S.,
V.P.L.S.
[Eead December 3rd, 1858.]
THIS Collection of Hymenoptera is the most important contribu-
tion which has been made to the Aculeata through the exertions
of Mr. "Wallace ; in point of geographical distribution, it adds
much to our knowledge. In the Aru, Key, and neighbouring
islands, we meet with the extreme range of the Australian insect-
fauna ; and as might be expected, it is found amongst the Vespi-
dious Group, and in one or two instances in the Formicidse.
The latter, being frequently conveyed from one island to another,
can perhaps scarcely be considered indicative of natural geogra-
phical distribution. Of the forty-six species of the Formicidous
Group, only six were previously known to science. Of the genus
Podomyrma here established, one species only, from Adelaide, was
previously known ; it is one of the most distinct and remarkable
genera in the family. The Pompilida are species of great beauty,
some closely resembling those of Australia in the banding and
maculation of their wings ; amongst the Vespides will be found
some of the most elegant and beautiful forms in the whole of that
protean family of Hymenoptera.
Fam. ANDBENID^E.
Geu. PBOSOPIS.
1. PKOSOPIS MALACHISIS. P. nigro-c8eruleo-viridis, nitida et delica-
tule punctata ; alia hyalinis.
Female. Length 4J lines. Deep blue-green, with tints of purple in cer-
tain lights, particularly on the head, the clypeus with a central longi-
tudinal ridge, its anterior margin slightly emargiiiate ; the flagellum
rufo-piceous beneath, the ocelli white. Thorax : the wings hyaline
and brilliantly iridescent ; the legs dark rufo-piceous with a bright
purple tinge. Abdomen delicately punctured, the head and thorax
more strongly so ; the latter with a semicircular enclosed space at its
base, which is smooth and shining.
Ha 6. Key Island.
Gen. NOMIA.
1. NOMIA CINCTA. N. nigra, capite thoraeeque punctatis, pedibus
ferrugineis ; segmentis abdominis apice fulvo-testaceo late fasciatis.
Female. Length 5 lines. Black : the two basal joints of the flagellum,
SMITH ON HYMENOPTERA OP ABU ISLANDS. 133
the apical margin of the clypeus, the labrum, mandibles, and legs
ferruginous ; the wings fulvo-hyaline, the nervures ferruginous, the
tegulse more or less rufo-testaeeous ; the sides of the metathorax with
tufts of pale fulvous pubescence and the floceus on the posterior
femora of the same colour, the tibias and tarsi with short ferruginous
pubescence. Abdomen shining, the apical margins of the segments
broadly fulvo-testaceous, very bright, having a golden lustre.
Hub, Key Island.
2. NOMIA LONGICORNIS. N. nigra, lueida et delieatule punctata,
facie pube brevi grised tecta, femorum posticorum flocco pallido,
tibiis extern^ fusco-pubeseentibus ; maris antennis, capite thoraceque
longioribus.
Male, Length 4 lines. Brassy, with tints of green on the clypeus, meta-
thorax, and thorax beneath ; the head and thorax very closely and
finely punctured; the clypeus produced and highly polished; the
mandibles rufo-testaceous, the antennae as long as the head and thorax.
Thorax : the wings hyaline and splendidly iridescent, the tegulse and
the tarsi rufo-testaceous. Abdomen closely punctured, the apical
margins of the segments smooth and shining ; the head and thorax
above with a pale fulvous pubescence, that on the sides of the meta-
thorax and legs pale and glittering ; the abdomen has a pale scattered
glittering pubescence.
Hab, Aru.
3. NOMIA DBNTATA. 2V. nigra et punctata, facie metathoracisque late-
ribus cinereo-pubescentibus, postscutello medio unidentato. Mas.
antennis filiformibus longitudine thoracis.
Female. Length 5 lines, Black ; head and thorax rather finely punc-
tured ; the face covered with short cinereous pubescence ; the clypeus
naked and much produced, the anterior margin and the tips of the
mandibles ferruginous ; the cheek with long whitish pubescence.
Thorax : the sides of the metathorax, the floceus on the posterior
femora and the postscutellum with whitish pubescence, the latter
produced in the middle into a blunt tooth ; the legs fusco-ferrugi-
nous, with the anterior tibiae and apical joints of the tarsi brighter ;
wings hyaline and iridescent. Abdomen shining and punctured, the
apical margins of the two basal segments broadly depressed, and more
finely and closely punctured than the rest ; the apical margins of the
second, third, and fourth segments pale testaceous ; the apical margins
of the two basal segments narrowly fringed with white pubescence,
usually more or less interrupted in the middle.
Male. Resembles the female very closely, but has the face much more
pubescent ; the antennse filiform and longer than the head and thorax ;
the seutellum armed at its posterior lateral angles with an acute tooth ;
the metathorax truncate and slightly concave, its base with short lon-
gitudinal grooves, the lateral margins fringed with long pubescence.
. Hab. Aru. : " - , *
Id4i SMITH OK HYMENOBTERA OF ABU ISLANDS.
Subfam. DASTGASTB^,
Q-en, MEGACHIIE, Latr,
1. MEGACHILE LATEKITIA, M. nigra, abdomine pube ferruginea ves-
tito, alis fuscis.
Female, Length 8 lines. Black; head and thorax very closely and
finely punctured ; the mandibles with a single blunt tooth at their
apex ; the anterior margin of the clypeus transverse. Thorax : the
wings brown, the posterior pair palest, their base subhyaline. Abdo-
men clothed with bright brick-red pubescence above and beneath ;
the basal segment with bright yellow pubescence above.
Hob. Ara.
2. MEGACHILE SCABROSA. M. nigra, metathorace anticS rude 1 sca-
brato, abdomine subtus nigro-pubescente.
Female. Length 5| lines. Black ; the clypeus, mesothorax anteriorly,
and the posterior tibiae outside coarsely rugose, the roughness on the
thorax consisting of transverse little elevated points ; the face with a
thin griseoas pubescence ; the anterior margin of the clypeus fringed
with fulvous hairs ; the cheeks have a long pale fulvous pubescence.
Thorax: the wings hyaline, the nervures black. Abdomen smooth
and shining, with black pubescence beneath ; beneath, the apical mar-
gins of the segments with a fringe of very short white pubescence.
Hab. Aru.
3. MEGACHILB INSUJLARIS. M. nigra, nitida, delicatule punctata,
facie pube pallide fulva vestita, abdomine subtiis pube laetl ferruginea
vestito, alis hyalinis.
Female. Length 5 J lines. Black ; the head and thorax finely and
closely punctured, the abdomen delicately so ; the face clothed with
pale fulvous pubescence, the mandibles with two blunt teeth at their
apex ; the clypeus shining and strongly punctured. Thorax : the
wings subhyaline with a slight cloud at their apex ; the basal joint of
the posterior tarsi with a dense dark ferruginous pubescence within.
Abdomen : the four basal segments with transverse impressed lines in
the middle ; beneath, clothed with bright ferruginous pubescence j
the abdomen has an obscure aeneous tinge above.
Hab. Am.
Gen. CEOCISA, Jurine.
1. Crocisa nitidula, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 386. 2.
Hab. Am ; Key Island ; Australia ; Amboyna.
Gen. AKLODAPE, St.-Farff.
1. ALLODAPE NITIDA. A. nitida nigra, clypeo flavo, alis hyalinis, ab-
domine ad apieem punctato.
Female. Length 3 lines, Black and shining j the clypeus yellow, pro-
SMITH ON HYMENOPTEEA OF AETJ ISLANDS. 135
duced in front ; the sides of the face depressed ; the ocelli prominent
and reddish. Thorax very smooth and shining ; the wings colourless
and iridescent, their extreme base yellowish, the nervures and stigma
brown, the tegulae pale testaceous-yellow ; the posterior tibiae with a
scopa of glittering white hairs, the tarsi ferruginous and with glitter-
ing hairs. Abdomen, from the third segment to the apex, gradually
more and more strongly and closely punctured.
Hob. Aru.
Gen. XYLOCOPA, Latr.
1. Xylocopa sestuans, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 961, 53 $; St.-Farg.
Hym. ii. p. 193. 36 <J $ .
Hub. Aru; India; Singapore; Celebes.
Gen. SAHOPODA, Latr.
1. Saropoda bombiformis, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins. pt. 2. p. 318. 6.
Hob. Aru ; Australia (Richmond River).
Gen. ANTHOPHOEA, Latr.
\. Anthophora zonata, Linn. Syst. Nat.
Hab. Aru Island ; Celebes ; Ceylon ; India ; Borneo ; Hong-Kong ;
Shanghai ; Philippine Islands.
2. ANTHOPHORA ELKGANS. A. nigra, pube capitis thoracisque nigra,
abdomine fasciis quatuor Isete cseruleis ornato; tibiis posticis ferru-
gineo-pubescentibus.
Female. Length 6 lines. Black ; the labrum, a narrow line down the
middle and another on each side of the clypeus, a minute spot
above it, and the scape in front testaceous yellow, the base of the
mandibles of a paler colour ; the flagellum fulvous beneath. Thorax :
the pubescence black; wings subhyaline, the nervures dark rufo-
fuscous, tegulse obscurely testaceous. Abdomen with four fasciae of
brilliant blue, which is changeable, with pearly tints in different
lights ; the posterior tibiae densely clothed outside with fulvo-ferru-
ginous pubescence ; the pubescence inside is black.
Hab. Key Island.
Gen. TEIGONA, Jurine.
1. Trigona Iseviceps, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.,Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. ii.
p. 51. 8.
Hab. Aru ; Singapore ; India.
Pam. FOEMICIDJE.
Gen. FOBMICA.
1. Formica virescens, Fair. Ent. Syst. ii. p. 355. 23 d $ . Lasius
virescens, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 417. 8.
00 SMITH ON HYMENOPTEBA OF ABIT ISLANDS.
2. Formica gracilipes, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. ii.
p. 55. 13 9 .
3. FORMICA FRAOILIS. F. pallidS testacea, elongataet gracilis, capite
postice angustato; thorace medio compresso, pedibus elongatis;
squama incrassata triangulata.
Worker. Length 3 lines. Pale rufo-testaceous, smooth and slightly
shining ; antennae elongate, longer than the hody, the flagellum slen-
der and filiform, the scape nearly as long as the head and thorax;
head oblong, narrowed behind the eyes into a kind of neck, the sides
parallel before the eyes, which are black and round, the clypeus slightly
emarginate anteriorly, the mandibles finely serrated on their inner
margin and terminating in a bent acute tooth. Thorax elongate,
narrowest in the middle, the prothorax forming a neck anteriorly ;
legs elongate and very slender. Abdomen ovate, the node of the
petiole incrassate, and viewed sideways is triangular or wedge-shaped.
Hub. Aru.
This is one of those remarkable forms which recede so greatly from
the normal type of Formica as apparently to indicate a generic distinc-
tion ; but in those exotic species of which we have obtained all the forms,
we find many which approach closely to the present insect, which is
probably only the small worker of some already described species. No
one would venture, without the authority of the personal observation of
some competent naturalist, to unite all the forms of any exotic species of
Formica.
4. FORMICA FLAVITARSUS. F. nigra, elongata et gracilis; thorace
posticS compresso, pedibus elongatis, tarsis flavis.
Worker. Length 4 lines. Black and sub-opake ; head elongate, nar-
rowed behind, the clypeus truncate anteriorly, the mandibles pale fer-
ruginous; antenna; elongate and slender, the flagellum filiform and
pale rufo-testaceous ; the thorax and legs elongate, the latter slender
with their tarsi pale rufo-testaceous. Abdomen ovate, the scale of the
petiole incrassate and slightly notched above.
Hab. Aru.
5. FORMICA COXALIS. F. nigra, nitida ; flagello, coxis et abdomine
subtils pallide testaceis.
Worker major. Length 5 lines. Black and very delicately roughened
with a fine transverse waved striation only perceptible under a good
magnifying power. Head large, much wider than the thorax, oblong-
ovate with a deep emargination behind ; the clypeus slightly produced
and truncate anteriorly, the angles of the truncation rounded, and
with a central shining carina ; the flagellum, except the tarsal joint,
pale rufo-testaceous. Thorax elongate, compressed behind, the coxse
pale rufo-testaceous. Abdomen ovate, the scale of the petiole in-
crassate, somewhat wedge-shaped when viewed sideways, the abdo-
men sparingly sprinkled with long pale hairs.
SMITH OK HYMENOPTERA OF ARU ISLANDS. 137
6. FORMICA COKDATA. F. pallide rufa; abdomine fuseo, capita eor-
dato.
Worker. Length 2 lines. Pale rufo-testaceous ; the head heart-shaped ;
the eyes black, the flagellum fuseo-ferruginous with the basal joints
pale ; the mandibles ferruginous. Thorax narrow, deeply strangulated
at the base of the metathorax. Abdomen more or less fuscous, the
node of the petiole narrow and pointed above ; the entire insect is
smooth and shining.
Hub. Am. t
The worker minor is rather smaller and has the abdomen darker, in all
the specimens received, but in other respects agrees with the above.
7. FORMICA OCOLATA. F. pallide ferruginea ; capite oblongo, oculis
magnis, thorace compresso.
Worker. Length 2J lines. Pale ferruginous, with the vertex and apex
of the abdomen Mack ; the head oblong, the sides nearly parallel, with
the anterior margin truncate ; the mandibles with fine acute teeth on
their inner margin ; the antenna inserted wide apart about the middle
of the head ; the eyes very large and ovate, placed backwards on the
sides of the head, reaching to the posterior margin of the vertex,
forming as it were its posterior lateral angles. The thorax narrow
and compressed behind ; abdomen ovate, entirely smooth and shining.
Hob. Aru.
8. FOEMICA MUTILATA. F. nigra ; capite oblongo, truncate antice et
sanguineo, antennis tarsisque rufo-testaceis.
Worker. Length 2f lines. Black and shining ; the head truncate an-
teriorly, the antennse inserted wide apart, about the middle, the face
blood-red before their insertion and deeply striated longitudinally,
behind the antennse the head is black, smooth, and shining ; the eyes
ovate and placed backwards on the sides of the head. Thorax
rounded in front and strangulated between the meso- and metathorax,
the latter obliquely truncate ; legs rather short and stout, the femora
compressed, the anterior pair broadly dilated, the base and apex of
the femora, the tibiee, and tarsi rufo-testaceous, the tibiae with a darker
stain behind. Abdomen oblong-ovate, the apical margins of the seg-
ments narrowly pale testaceous ; the scale of the petiole compressed,
with its superior margin rounded.
Hab. Aru.
This is a very singular insect in many respects, and closely resembles
in form the Formica, truncata of Spinola.
9. FORMICA QUADRICEPS, F. nigra, nitida; capite antice oblique
truncato, thorace postice compresso.
Worker. Length 3| lines. Shining black; head oblong-quadrate,
slightly narrowed anteriorly, with the sides nearly straight, the pos-
terior angles rounded, and very slightly emarginate behind ; the head
obliquely truncate from the base of the clypeus; the truncation as
138 SMITH ON HYMENOPTEBA OF ARU ISLANDS.
well as the mandibles obscurely ferruginous ; the apex of the flageltum
and the apical joints of the tarsi pale rufo-testaceous. Thorax rounded
anteriorly, compressed behind, with the metathorax abruptly truncate.
The scale of the petiole narrow, incrassate, its anterior margin slightly
curved, its posterior margin straight ; the abdomen ovate.
Worker minor. About 3 lines long, very like the larger worker, the
head being truncate in front ; but it is, in proportion to the thorax,
narrower ; the latter is compressed and abruptly truncate ; in other
respects it agrees with the worker major.
Hub. Aru.
10. FORMICA L^EVISSIMA. F. nigra nitida Isevissima, sparsS pilosa;
squamS. oblonga subdepressi.
Worker. Length 4 lines. Jet-black, very smooth and shining; head
wider than the thorax, slightly emarginate behind, the sides slightly
rounded ; the anterior margin of the clypeus rounded, the mandibles
striated and obscurely ferruginous ; the scape with a few glittering
silvery-white hairs. Thorax not quite so wide as the head an-
teriorly, narrowed behind, with the disk somewhat flattened, slightly
convex, a deep strangulation between the meso- and metathorax,
the latter obliquely rounded ; the legs and abdomen sprinkled with
glittering white hairs. The node of the petiole inerassate, very slightly
elevated ; viewed sideways, broadly wedge-shaped ; the abdomen ovate.
Hob. Aru.
11. FORMICA NITIDA. F. capite abdomineque nigris, antennis tho-
raceque pedibusque rufo-testaceis laevissirnis et lucidis.
Worker. Length 4 lines. Head and abdomen shining black; the
flagellum, thorax, legs, and scale of the petiole rufo-testaceous ; the
legs palest ; the scape fuscous, with its base pale ; the head large,
wider than the abdomen, and emarginate behind ; the elypeus and
mandibles obscurely ferruginous. Thorax compressed, not strangu-
lated in the middle. The scale of the petiole narrow, with its margin
rounded above ; abdomen ovate, and sprinkled with a few erect pale
hairs.
Hab. Aru.
12. FORMICA SCRUTATOR. F. nigerrima, mandibulis tarsorumque
articulo apicali pallid^ ferrugineis, thorace medio profundS coarctato.
Worker. Length 1- 2 lines. Shining black ; the mandibles pale, fer-
ruginous, with their inner margins finely denticulate ; the eyes placed
rather forwards on the sides of the head, the latter emarginate be-
hind. Thorax deeply strangulated in the middle; the metathorax
elevated and obliquely truncate behind. Abdomen ovate ; the scale
of the petiole sub-incrassate, with its margin rounded above; the
insect very thinly covered with a fine cinereous pile.
Hab. Aru.
SMITH ON HYMENOPTERA OF ABTJ ISLANDS. 139
13. FORMICA ANGULATA. F. nigra nitida; flagello capite antice pe-
dibusque obscurfe ferrugineis, metathorace angulato,
Worker. Length 3 lines. Shining black ; head of moderate size ; the
clypeus and mandibles obscure ferruginous ; the flagellum fusco-fer-
ruginous, with the tip pale testaceous. Thorax rounded anteriorly
and compressed behind ; the scutellum prominent, forming a small
tubercle ; the metathorax obliquely truncate, the margin of the trun-
cation elevated, so that when viewed sideways the metathorax forms
an obtuse angular shape. Abdomen ovate, the node of the peduncle
elevated, incrassate, rounded anteriorly, and flat behind.
Hab. Aru.
G-en. POLYRHACHIS, Smith.
1. Formica sericata, Gu6r. Voy. Coq. Zool. ii. 203 ; Atlas Ins. pi, 8.
f. 2, 2 a, b,e,d, $. (Polyrhachis sericata, Smith, Append, Cat.
Form, p. 200.)
Hab. Aru ; New Hebrides.
2. Formica sexspinosa, Latr. Hist. Nat. Fourm. p. 126, pi. iv. f. 21 $ .
(Polyrhachis sexspinosa, Smith, Cat. Form. p. 56. 3.)
Hab. Aru ; India ; Philippine Islands.
3. POLYRHACHIS MARGINATUS. P. niger; antennis, palpis pedi-
busque ferrugineis ; thoracis marginibus reeurvis, metathorace peti-
olique squamula bidentatis.
Worker. Length 2J lines. Black ; the antennae and legs ferruginous ;
the head and thorax rugose; the prothorax transverse, its anterior
margin slightly curved, with the lateral angles produced forwards and
very acute ; the thorax narrowed to the metathorax, which is armed
with two divergent acute spines. Abdomen velvety black and glo-
bose ; the scale of the petiole produced laterally into long, bent, acute
spines, which curve backwards to the shape of the abdomen.
Hab. Aru.
4. POLYRHACHIS HOSTILIS. P. niger, longitudinaliter striatus, tho-
racis marginibus expansis, metathorace squamulaque petioli spinis
duabus crassis acutis curvatis.
Worker. Length 3 lines. Black ; the head and thorax longitudinally
striated, the abdomen very finely and evenly so ; the prothorax trans-
verse, wider than the head, the anterior and lateral margins recurved,
the latter acute at their anterior angles, and rounded at the posterior
ones ; the lateral margins of the mesothorax recurved, a deep notch
between the meso- and metathorax ; the latter with a long, stout,
curved, acute spine on each side. The scale of the petiole produced
above on each side, into a long, curved, stout, acute spine, which
curves backwards round the sides of the abdomen.
Hab. Aru.
1*U SMITH ON HYMENOPTERA OF ART! ISLANDS. ,
5. POLYRHACHIS LONGIPES. P. niger ; flagelli dimidio apicali ti-
biisque anticis pallidS ferrugineis, prothorace petiolique squamula
bidentatis.
Worker. Length 3 lines. Black ; the head and thorax finely rugose ;
the antenna: elongate, longer than the insect ; the apical half of the
flagellum pale ferruginous. Thorax rounded above, the sides not
margined; two spines on the thorax anteriorly, two on the meta-
thorax, and two on the scale of the petiole ; the legs elongate, with
the anterior tibiae ferruginous. Abdomen globose, sometimes rufo-
fuscous, or the base obscurely rufous.
Hub. Aru.
6. POLYRHACHIS sERRATUS. P. niger ; capite thoraceque rugosis,
abdomine dense punctate, squama petioli transversa, margine superno
serrata.
Worker. Length 2 lines. Black, with the antenna and legs ferru-
ginous. Thorax oblong-quadrate or very slightly narrowed towards
the metathorax, slightly convex above, not margined at the sides, the
divisions not perceptible ; the head and thorax rugose and pubescent.
Abdomen globose, shining, and closely punctured ; the scale of the
petiole transverse above, produced into an acute spine on each side,
the upper margin finely serrated, the lateral margins narrowed to their
base, and having two or three small sharp spines.
Hab. Aru.
7. POLYRHACHIS SCUTULATUS. P. niger, fortiter politus et lucidus,
metathorace petiolique squamula dente longo curvato acuto in latere
utroque, pedibus nigro-ferrugineis.
Worker. Length 2| lines. Black and very smooth and shining ; the
legs dark ferruginous. Thorax : the disk expanded, slightly convex
above, with the margins acute and curving upwards ; the anterior
margin transverse, rather wider than the head, with the lateral angles
slightly curved forwards, and very acute ; the lateral margins of the
prothorax curved backwards and inwards ; the margins of the meso-
thorax are rounded ; the pro- and mesothorax highly polished above,
forming an escutcheon-shaped disk; the metathorax opake, and
sprinkled with a few short glittering hairs, armed posteriorly with
two long very acute spines, divergent and directed backwards. Ab-
domen globose ; the scale of the petiole with two long curved acute
spines, directed backwards to the curve of the abdomen.
Hab. Aru.
8. POLYRHACHIS MUCRONATUS. P. Isevis, nitidus, niger; thorace
spinis duabus crassis compressis acutis postice armato.
Worker. Length 2 lines. Black, smooth, and shining, very deli-
cately and indistinctly aciculate ; the antennae beneath and the tibiae
and femora obscurely ferruginous, the anterior and intermediate tibije
brightest ; the apex of the mandibles ferruginous. Thorax transverse
SMITH ON HTMENOPTERA OF ABU ISLANDS. 141
in front, or very slightly curved, with the lateral angles acute ; the
thorax is rounded above, and not margined at the sides ; the meta-
thorax armed with two long, stout, acute compressed spines; the
spines divergent, as well as two on the scale of the petiole, which are
long and very acute. Abdomeu globose.
Hob, Aru.
9. POLYKHACHIS GEOMETRIcus. P. niger ; antennarutn apice, tibiis
tarsorumque apice ferrugineis, thoraoe circulariter striato.
Worker. Length 2 lines. Black ; the apical joints of the flagellum,
the anterior legs, the anterior and intermediate tibiae, and the apical
joints of the tarsi pale ferruginous ; the extreme base of the anterior
tarsi black. Thorax rounded above, not margined, gradually narrowed
posteriorly ; the prothorax of the same width as the head, its lateral
angles toothed ; the disk with a circular striation. Abdomen globose
and pubescent; the scale of the petiole compressed, its superior
margin rounded, and with four minute teeth.
Hob. Aru.
10. POLYBHACHIS iRRiTABiLis. P. niger, pube pallidfe aureft ves-
titus ; thorace quadridentato, petioli squamula bidentata.
Female. Length 6-J- lines. Black, and densely clothed with short pale
golden pubescence ; all parts of the insect sprinkled with erect cine-
reous hairs ; the mandibles shining black, the palpi pale testaceous ;
the head elongate, the eyes placed high on the sides of the head, fer-
ruginous and very prominent. Thorax elongate-ovate; the pro-
thorax with a short, stout, acute tooth on each side, slightly curved
and directed forwards; the metathorax with a similar tooth on each
side directed backwards ; the wings subhyaline, the nervures fuscous ;
the legs fnsco-ferruginous, the femora and eoxse brightest. Abdomen
ovate ; the scale incrassate, armed above with two stout acute teeth.
Hab. Aru,
This is probably the female of P, sexspinasus,
11. POLYRHACHIS uffivissiMos. P. niger, Isevis nitidusque ; meta-
thorace bispinoso, petioE squamula quadrispinosl, pedibus ferrugineis.
Worker. Length 2f lines. Black, very smooth and shining; the
legs ferruginous, with the coxae, articulations, and the tarsi black.
The thorax not flattened above, or margined at the sides ; the division
between the pro- and niesothorax distinct, that between the meso-
and metathorax not discernible, the latter with two erect acute
spines ; the scale of the petiole with four short acute spines. Abdo-
men globose.
Hab. Aru.
This species is very like P. mucronatus ; on close examination, how-
ever, it is seen to be very distinct : it may be at once distinguished by its
larger head, which is wider than the thorax, rounded behind the eyes,
and widely emarginate behind.
14Z SMITH ON HYMENOPTEKA OF ABU ISLANDS.
12. PoLYRHAcms BELLICOSUS, P. capite abdomineque nigris,
thorace femoribusque rufis, thorace quadrispinoso, petioli squamuld
bihamatft.
Worker. Length 3 lines. Black, with the scale of the petiole, thorax,
eoxse, and femora blood-red. Thorax : the lateral margins raised
above, with two slightly curved divergent spines in front, and two
stout, acute, long curved spines in the middle, directed backwards ;
the scale of the petiole forming a long erect pedestal, which termi-
nates above in two much bent acute hooks, directed backwards,
and being as high as the basal segment of the abdomen ; the spines
and hooks black at the apex. Abdomen ovate.
Hab. Aru.
13. POLYBH A cms HECTOR. P. niger et vestitus pube pallide aurea ;
prothorace petiolique squarrmla bispinosis, pedibus ferrugiueis.
Worker. Length 3 lines. Black; the apex of the scape and the legs
ferruginous ; the extreme base of the tibiae and the tarsi black ; a
stout acute spine on each side of the prothorax, directed forwards;
the thorax flattened above, its lateral margins raised ; the divisions of
the segments very distinctly impressed ; the pale golden pubescence
on the abdomen thinner than on the head and thorax. The scale of
the petiole angled at the sides towards its summit, the angles dentate,
the upper margin straight, and at each lateral angle an acute spine,
directed backwards, and curved to the shape of the abdomen ; the
spines parallel.
Hab, Aru.
14. POLYRHACHIS RUFOFEMORATus. P. niger, Isevis, nittdus; fe-
moribus abdomiiiisque squamuld ferrugineis.
Worker. Length 3J lines. Black ; head oblong ; the eyes placed
high at the sides near the vertex, the front very prominent, with two
elevated carinse in the middle, at the outside of which the antennae are
inserted. Thorax: the divisions strongly marked, flattened above
with the sides elevated ; the prothorax with an acute spine on each
side anteriorly ; the coxse and femora ferruginous, with the apex of
the latter more or less fuscous. Abdomen : the base and the scale
ferruginous, the latter angled at the sides and emarginate above.
Hab. Aru.
Gen. PONEEA, Latr.
1. Ponera rugosa, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins. Proc. Linn. Soc. ii. 66. 5.
Hab. Aru. Borneo.
2. PoNERA SCULPTURATA. P. nitida nigra ; capite, thorace abdomi-
nisque segmentis primo et secundo profunde striatis, nodo spinis
dnabus acutis armato ; pedibus abdomineque apice ferrugineis.
Worker, Length 5 lines. Black and shiny, the legs obscurely ferru-
SMITH ON HTMEITOPTEEA OF AETT ISLANDS. 143
ginous as well as the mandibles; tlie head strongly and evenly
striated longitudinally. The prothorax with a circular striation above ;
behind, the thorax is compressed, the sides being obliquely striated,
the striae uniting and crossing the central ridge of the thorax. The
node of the petiole and basal segment of the abdomen with a curved
striation, the second segment longitudinally striated and depressed at
its base, which is smooth and shining ; the basal half of the third seg-
ment is longitudinally striated.
Hub. Arn.
This species is at first sight very like the P. geometrica from Singa-
pore j but the striation of the abdomen alone will serve to distinguish it.
3. PONERA PARAM.EIA. P. nigra, opacaj antennis, mandibulis, pedi-
bus abdominisque apice ferrugineis.
Worker. Length 3J lines. Opake black ; the antenna; thick and
scarcely as long as the thorax, their apex and the mandibles bright
ferruginous j the legs somewhat obscure ferruginous, with the articu-
lations much brighter ; the head a little wider than the thorax and
suhovate 5 the thorax, node of the petiole, and the abdomen of nearly
equal width, the abdomen being slightly the widest ; the node of the
petiole nearly quadrate ; the apical margin of the first segment and
base of the second slightly depressed.
Hob. Aru.
4. PONERA aUADRiDENTATA. P. atro-fusca ; antennis, facie antice,
antennis, mandibulis, tibiis tarsiaque ferrugineis j alis subhyalinis.
Female. Length 3| lines. Nigro-fuscous ; the antenna with a
earina between their base, the face anteriorly, the mandibles, the
legs, and the abdomen at its apex and beneath, ferruginous; the
femora and coxse above, fuscous; the head subquadrate with the
angles rounded; the eyes small and placed forwards on the sides of
the head towards the base of the mandibles, the latter with four
strong teeth on their inner margin. Thorax oblong-ovate with the
rnetathorax truncate; the wings fusco-hy aline, the stigma large and
black. Abdomen : the second segment slightly narrowed at its base,
the node of the petiole incrassate and compressed, its upper margin
rounded. The insect entirely covered with a short downy cinereous
pile, the abdomen having also a number of scattered erect glittering
hairs.
Ho&. Aru.
Gen, ECTATOMMA, Smith.
1. BCTATOMMA RUGOSA. JB. fusco-brunnea ; capite, thorace, nodoque
rugosis ; abdomine delieatull aciculato.
Worker. Length 4 lines. Obscure fuseo-ferruginous, the antennae and
legs bright ferruginous; the head, thorax, and node of the petiole
coarsely rugose ; the eyes rery prominent and glassy; the mandibles
lurar. rsoo. ZOOIOST. 10
longitudinally but very delicately striated, their inner margin eden-
tate ; the thorax slightly narrowed behind. Abdomen very delicately
aeiculate.
Male. Length 3J lines. Of the same colour, and sculptured like the
worker; the head rounded behind the eyes and narrowed before
them; the eyes very large, prominent and ovate; the ocelli very
bright and prominent; antennae elongate and slender, the scape
short, not longer than the second joint of the flagellum. Thorax :
the scutellum prominent, forming a rounded tubercle, the metathorax
elongate and oblique. Abdomen aeiculate as in the worker, but
much more deeply strangulated between the first and second seg-
ments; the petiole rugose and clavate.
Hob. Aru.
Gen. ODONTOMACHTTS, Latr.
1. Odontomachus simillimus, Smith, Cat. Form. p. 80. 11 $.
Hob. Aru. Ceylon.
2. ODONTOMACHUS TYRANNICUS. 0. capite thoraceque nigris, an-
tennis abdomineque ferrugineis, margine interno mandibulorum
serratulo.
Worker. Length 7 lines. Head oblong, narrowed behind, posteriorly
deeply emarginate; the mandibles rufo-piceous, brightest at their
apex, which is armed with two long teeth which are bent abruptly
inwards, their tips black ; the anterior portion of the head striated
obliquely from the centre ; the head, behind the anterior sulcation,
very smooth and shining and having a deep longitudinal central
depression. Thorax transversely striated, the articulations of the
legs and the tarsi ferruginous. Abdomen smooth, shining, and fer-
ruginous; the node of the petiole incrassate, cylindric, and tapering
upwards into a very acute spine.
Hal. Aru.
3. ODONTOMACHUS MALIGNUS. O. ferrugineus ; capite supra oblique
striato ; margine intemo mandibulorum confertim serrato ; metatho-
race transversim striato ; squama unispinosa ; abdomine Isevissimo.
Worker. Length 7 lines. Ferruginous ; the flagellum and legs palest ;.
head much narrowed behind, the posterior margin deeply emarginate ;
mandibles smooth and shining, their inner margin strongly serrated,
their apex abruptly bent or elbowed, and armed with two stout teeth ;
the face anteriorly evenly striated obliquely ; the head behind the
anterior sulcation very delicately striated obliquely. The prothorax
smooth and shining, the meso- and metathorax transversely striated.
Abdomen very smooth and; shining; the node of the petiole incrassate
and tapering upwards into an acute spine.
Hab. Aru.
This species most closely resembles O. maxillaris from Brazil; but its
SMITH Otf nYMENOPTEBA OP ABIT ISLANDS. 145
smooth polished prothorax alone would distinguish it ; its head is much
broader anteriorly, and less elongate.
Gen. PSEUDOMTEMA, Otter.
1. PSEUDOMYHMA L^vtCEps. P. nigra, Isevis et nitida; antennis,
mandibulis, tibiis anterioribus, tarsisque rufo-fulvis.
Worker. Length 2 lines. Black and shining ; head very smooth and
slightly emarginate behind, the eyes large and ovate ; the mandibles
and antennse rufo-fulvous. Thorax with the sides flattened, the disk
^slightly convex ; a deep strangulation between the meso- and meta-
thorax, the latter rounded above and oblique behind; the trochanters,
articulations of the legs, and the tarsi rufo-fulvous. Abdomen thinly
covered with a fine cinereous pile ; the first node of the petiole some-
what oblong-ovate, the second subglobose, the petiole of the first
node short.
Hab. Aru.
Gen. PODOMYBMA, Smith.
Head oblong in the female, rather wider than the thorax ; in the worker
subovate and much wider; eyes small, ovate and placed about the
middle at the sides of the head ; antenna geniculated, the scape about
two thirds of the length of the flagellum which is clavate, the club
three-jointed j the mandibles stout and dentate; the labial palpi 3-
jointed; the maxillary palpi 4-jointed. Thorax, oblong-ovate in the
female, in the worker transverse in front and narrowed behind with
the metathorax bidentate ; the anterior wings with one elongate mar-
ginal cell and two submarginal cells, the second extending to the
apex of the wing; the legs stout, the femora incrassate; abdomen
ovate, the peduncle with two nodes.
The insects included in this genus are undoubtedly most nearly allied
to those belonging to the genus Myrmecina ; but, excepting that they
agree in having the same number of joints in the palpi, they have little
resemblance to each other. With the exception of the genus Myrmecia,
these are the largest insects in the subfamily Myrmicidse ; and all the
species are distinguished by their remarkably thickened femora and
margined thorax : we are unacquainted with the males.
1. PODOMYRMA FEMORATA. P. feiTuginea ; capite oblongo, obliquS
striato, thorace abdomineque Itevibus nitidis ; alls subhyalinis fusco-
nebulosis; femoribus valde incrassatis, basi tenuissimis, femoribus
posticis infra compressis.
Female. Length 8 lines. Rufo-testaceous ; the mandibles and anterior
margin of the face black, the inner margin of the mandibles rufo-
piceous and armed with six short stout teeth, the apical tooth largest.
The head oblong, slightly narrowed posteriorly and emarginate be-
10*
46 SMITH ON HTMEKOMBBA OF ABtT ISUJtDa;
hind, longitudinally striated, the striae diverging from the centre at
the anterior ocellus ; at half the distance between the posterior ocelli
and the margin of the vertex the strise are transverse. Thorax smooth
and shining, with scattered fulvous hairs; the wings fusco-hyaline,
with a dark fuscous stain occupying the marginal cell and traversing
the course of all the nervures ; the legs with the femora much incras-
sated, the posterior pair compressed beneath into a flattened process
or keel. Abdomen orate, smooth, shining, and with a scattered ful-
vous pubescence; the first node of the petiole rounded in front, nar-
rowed and truncate behind, with a large compressed tooth beneath ;
the second node subglobose,
Worker major. Length 4 lines. Ferruginous, entirely smooth "and
shining; the thorax, legs, and abdomen more or less obscure, the
femora being usually rufo-piceous; the mandibles striated with their
margins black. Thorax nearly flat above, very slightly convex with
the sides margined, the anterior margin slightly rounded, the lateral
angles produced into small acute spines ; a deep strangulation at the
base of the metathorax, a little before which the lateral margins are
produced into an angular tooth, the metathorax with two short acute
spines ; the femora thickly incrassate. Abdomen ovate.
Hal. Arn.
2. PODOMYEMA STRIATA. P. ferrugineft; capite thoraceque longi-
tudinaliter striatis, femoribus valdfe incrassatis, basi tenuissimis.
Worker. Length 3 lines. Rufo-ferroginons with the abdomen obscure,
becoming blackish at the apex, the head coarsely striated, with a
central portion from the insertion of the antennae to the hinder margin
of the vertex delicately so ; the mandibles striated, with the teeth on
their inner margin black. Thorax rugose-striate, the anterior lateral
angles dentate, the metathorax without spines 5 the femora thickly
incrassate and greatly attenuated at their base. Abdomen ovate,
smopth and shining; the nodes of the petiole rugose.
Hob. Aru.
This species resembles P.femorata, but is easily distinguished by its
striated head and thorax ; the latter is similarly flattened above and
margined at the sides ; the femora are also thickened precisely as in
that species.
3. PODOMYKMA LJSviFRONS. P. obscure ferruginea; capite abdomi-
neqne laevissimis lucidisque ; thorace longitudinaliter striato ; femori-
bus medio valde incrassatis, basi tenuissimis.
Worker. Length 2i lines. Head and abdomen smooth, shining black,
in some "examples fusco-ferruginous ; the antennse, legs, and thorax
ferruginous, the latter longitudinally striated; the thorax margined
at the sides, the disk slightly convex, the anterior margin slightly
rounded, with the lateral angles armed with short acute spines, the
SMITH ON HYMENOPTBBA OF ABTJ ISLANDS. 147
thorax deeply strangulated posteriorly, the metathorax not spined;
the femora thickly swollen in the middle and very slender at their
base and apex. Abdomen ovate, the first node of the petiole oblong,
the second globose.
Hab, Aru.
There is considerable variation in intensity of colouring in examples
of this species, the thorax and legs being sometimes pale ferruginous ;
in the specimen described they are dark; every shade of gradation
occurs in different individuals.
4. PODOMYRMA BASALis. -P. fusco-ferruginea ; abdominis basi pallide
- testacea; femoribus medio incrassatis, basi tenuibus.
Worker. Length 3 lines. Obscurely ferruginous, the scape of the
antennae, the base of the femora and the tibiae pale ferruginous ; the
base of the abdomen pale testaceous; the head and thorax with deep
coarse longitudinal furrows; the flagellum blackish-brown towards
its apex, with the extreme tip pale. Thorax : the anterior margin
slightly rounded with the lateral angles very acute; the femora
very thickly incrassate in the middle; the apex of the tibise ferru-
ginous. Abdomen smooth and shining; the basal half pale testa-
ceous, the apical half and the following segments black; the nodes
of the petiole rugose j the first node elongate, with a short acute tooth
at the base above, and a blunt one beneath.
Hab. Aru.
Gen. MYBMIOA, Latr.
1. MYHMICA PARALLELA. M. rufo-fulva ; antennis pedibusque pal-
lid& testaceis j abdomine fusco-ferrugineo ; capite thoraceque longitu-
dinaliter striatis.
Worker. Length 1 line. Head and thorax ferruginous and longitudi-
nally and evenly striated; antennae and legs pale rufo-testaceous.
Thorax margined at the sides, the disk slightly convex, the anterior
margin transverse, the lateral angles acute ; the metathorax with two
short spines; abdomen dark fusco-ferruginous, the nodes of the
petiole subrugose; club of the antennae 3-jointed.
Hab. Aru.
2. MYRMICA SCABROSA. M. nigra; capite thoraceque seabrosis, meta-
thorace bispinoso, abdomine ovato Isevi.
Worker. Length 1 line. Black ; the head, thorax, and nodes of the
petiole roughened; the mandibles, flagellum and tarsi rufo-testaceous ;
the lateral angles of the prothorax acute, the sides narrowed slightly
to the base of the metathorax, the spines on the latter acute ; nodes
of the petiole globose. Abdomen ovate, smooth and shining; club
of the antennae 3-jointed.
Hab. Aru.
4& SMITH OH HSJtEHOPTEBA OB AST! ISLANDS.
3. MYRMICA THORACICA. "M. capite abdomineque nigris ; antennis,
mandibulis thorace pedibusque flavis.
Worker. Length f line. Head and abdomen jet-black ; the antenn,
thorax, and legs of a clear honey-yellow ; the mandibles of a more
obscure yellow; the anterior margin of the thorax transverse, the
lateral angles acute, narrowed from thence to the base of the meso-
thorax, the disk anteriorly slightly convex; the metathorax armed
with two acute spines. Abdomen nearly round, and very smooth and
shining; the first node of the petiole vertical anteriorly, and gradually
rounded behind, the second node transverse, its anterior margin,
straight, the angles rounded, the sides narrowed towards the abdo-
men j the club of the antennas 3-jointed.
Hub. Aru.
The singular form of the thorax of this species, as weE as the construc-
tion of the nodes of the petiole, appear to indicate an uneharacterized
division of the genus Myrmiea.
4. MYKMICA SUSPICIOSA. M. rufo-testacea, lvis, tota nitidissima
nuda ; mandibulis, antennis, pedum articulationibus tarsisque palles-
eentibus; metathoraeis spinis minutissimis.
Worker. Length 1 line. Rufo-testaeeous and very smooth and shining j
the antennas as long as the insect ; the flagellum, mandibles, tarsi, and
articulations of the legs pale testaceous. The thorax narrowed an-
teriorly into a short neck, behind which it is dilated, the sides being
rounded, the tneso- and metathorax narrower and of nearly equal
width, the spines of the metathorax minute and slender. The first
node of the petiole somewhat wedge-shaped, the second globose, the
abdomen very smooth and shining; club of the antennte 3-jointed.
Hab. Aru,
I can detect no specific difference between this and Myrmica loseigata,
taken by myself in the neighbourhood of London ; but it is not uncom-
monly met with in hothouses, near to which I captured my specimen.
I believe M, Itemgata is identical with CEcophthorapusiUa, the House-
Ant of Madeira,
5. MYEMICA MELLEA. M. capite thoraceque flavis; abdomine pallidb
fuseo.
Worker. Length If line. Head, antennae, thorax, and legs honey-
yellow and very smooth and shining j thorax strangulated at the base
of the metathorax, which is not spined; the first node of the abdo-
men is oblique anteriorly, and vertical behind, the second node sub-
globose. Abdomen : the base honey-yellow, the apical margin of the
first segment, and the following segments entirely, pale fuscous ; the
club of the antennae 2-jointed.
Hab. Aru.
6. MYRMICA CARINATA. Af.obscurifusco-ferrugineaj thorace rufo-
SMITH ON HYMENOPTEEA OF ABTT ISLANDS. 149
fulvo ; "capite thoraceque carinis irregularibus ; metathorace spinis
duabus longis armato.
Worker. Length It lines. Head and abdomen black, with more or
less of an obscure ferruginous tinge, particularly at the vertex and
base of the abdomen j the thorax and nodes of the petiole ferru-
ginous; the legs rufo-piceous, with the tarsi and articulations fer-
ruginous, the antennae and mandibles ferruginous; the head and
thorax with irregular distant longitudinal carinte; the sides of the
thorax rugose j the spines on the metathorax long and acute; the
abdomen very smooth and shining ; the club of the antennae 3-jointed.
Hob. Aru.
Gen. CBEMATO&ASTEK, Lmd.
1. Crematogaster obscura, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.,Jonrn. Proo. Linn.
Soc. ii. 76. 4 ,
Hub. Aru; Borneo.
2. CREMATOGASTER KLEGANS. C. pallide rnfo-testaeeus ; abdomine
nigerrimo nitido ; thorace bispinoso.
Worker. Length f line. Entirely pale rufo-testaceous, excepting the
eyes and abdomen which are jet black ; the nodes of the petiole pale,
smooth, and shining. Head about the same width as the abdo-
men. The lateral angles of the anterior margin of the prothorax
acute, the metathorax armed with two long acute spines. Abdomen
heart-shaped, its apex acute.
Hai>. Aru.
3. CREMATOGASTEE INSULABIS. C, niger, Isevis et nitidus; antennis
tarsisque pallid^ testaceis ; thorace spinis duabus acutis armato.
Worker. Length 1$ line. Black, smooth and shining; the vertex,
thorax and nodes of the peduncle with an obscure ferruginous tinge ;
the antennse, tarsi, and articulations of the legs pale rufo-testaceous ;
the spines which arm the metathorax stout, elongate, and acute, with
their apex pale testaceous. Abdomen heart-shaped and very acute at
the apex.
Rob. Aru.
Gen. SOLESXKPSIS, Westw.
1. SOLBNOPSIS CEPHALOTES. S. pallide ferruginea ; capite maxime
in medio suleato, abdomine apice fusco.
Worker major. Length 2J lines. Pale ferruginous, with the anterior
part of the face darker, the mandibles incrassate and very dark fusco-
ferruginous ; head very large and divided by a deep longitudinal
channel, emarginate behind, nearly quadrate; the eyes small and
placed forwards on the sides of the head. The metathorax truricate,
not spined. Abdomen ovate, truncate at the base, its apex fuscous ;
the first node of the petiole compressed, its margin rounded above,
50 SMITH ON HYMENOPTEBA OF ABU ISLANDS.
the second node incrassate and subglobose; club of the antennse
2-jointed.
Worker minor. Length 1 line. Of the same colour as the worker
major, but with the head of the ordinary size and slightly narrowed
behind, the mandibles of the same colour as the head ; the legs and
antennae longer, as well as the petiole of the abdomen ; the body is
very smooth and shining, the club of the antennae 2-jointed.
Hab. Aru.
Suhfam, CBYPTOCEBID.*, Smith.
1. MERANOPLUS SPINOSUS. flf. castaneo-rufus ; abdomine nigro, tho-
race sexspinoso ;' abdomine ovato.
Worker. Length 1J line. Head and thorax rugose ; the antennae and
tarsi rufo-testaceous ; the eyes rather prominent, the groove above
them at the sides of the head extending backwards to the vertex.
Thorax : the anterior margin curved forwards, the lateral angles pro-
duced into a bifurcate process on each side, behind the processes,
slightly narrowed to the base of a long curved tooth ; the posterior
margin emarginate with a long sharp spine at each angle of the emar-
gination ; the node of the petiole globose.' Abdomen black, smooth
and shining.
Hab. Aru.
Pam. MUTILUD&, Leach.
Gen. MTTTTLLA, Unn.
1. Mutilla Sibylla, Smith, Proc. Linn. Soc. ii. 86. 11 ? .
Hab. Aru; Borneo; Celebes.
2. MUTILLA MANIFESTA. M. capite abdomineque nigris, thorace
sanguineo-rubrp, maris alis nigro-fuscis.
Female. Length 4| lines. Head black and rugose. The thorax blood-
red and coarsely rugose, its anterior margin widest and straight,
the sides gradually narrowed to the apex in a slight curve; the lateral
margins have two teeth not wide apart. Abdomen black, rugose, and
slightly shining, with black pubescence above; on the under surface it
is glittering silvery-white ; the legs and sides of the thorax have a
similar pubescence.
Male. The same size as the female, and the same colour ; the eyes
notched. The thorax oblong-quadrate, the posterior lateral angles
acute j the tegulae large and red ; the wings dark brown, with their
extreme base hyaline. Abdomen shining black, the first and second
segments strongly punctured, the rest much more finely and not very
closely so.
Hab. Aru.
3. MUTILLA CARINATA. M. capite thoraceque metallico-purpureis
SMITH ON HTMBNOPTBBA OS ABTT TSIiAKDS. 151
viriditinctis, pedibus ferrugineis, abdomine nigro, basi pallido fasciata,
segmento secundo ad apicem fascia bilobata ornato.
Female. Length 4f lines. The head and thorax of a metallic purple
tint with shades of green and copper ; the scape of the antennse, the
mandibles, palpi, and legs ferruginous ; the head and thorax closely
and strongly punctured. The abdomen velvety blauk; the base
truncate, the truncation smooth and shining ; its margin carinate ; the
upper surface of the basal segment yellowish-white, a broad bilobed
fascia of the same colour at the apical margin of the second segment ;
the apex ferruginous. Male. The head and thorax metallic green,
strongly and closely punctured ; abdomen black and shining, much
more finely punctured than the thorax j wings light brown, with their
base and extreme apex hyaline ; the legs ferruginous.
Hob. Aru.
4. MUTILLA NIOKA. M. nigta. et punctata, abdomine Isevi et nitido,
delieatulJ punctate, alis fuscis, basi hyalinis.
Male. Length 6$ lines. Black ; head and thorax closely and strongly
puncturedj the eyes slightly notched; the face with silvery-white
pubescence, the mandibles shining, the palpi black. Thorax : the
metathorax densely clothed with yellowish-white pubescence; the
legs with glittering white hairs, the calearia white ; wings brown with
their base hyaline. Abdomen smooth and shining, delicately and
sparingly punctured, with a few silvery hairs at the sides.
Hoi. Aru.
5. MUTILLA ixitis. M. nigraet punctata; abdomine Isevigato, nitido;
alis subhyalinis j facie et metathorace pube argentatft vestitis.
Male. Length 6J lines. Black ; head and thorax strongly punctured ;
the eyes emarginate, the face with glittering silvery- white pubescence,
the cheek thinly sprinkled with silvery hairs; the palpi testaceous.
Thorax : the metathorax densely clothed with silvery pubescence,
beneath, at the sides, and also the legs with scattered silvery hairs, the
calearia white ; the tegulae shining ; the wings subhyaline with the
nervures dark fuscous. Abdomen shining black, smooth, and very
delicately and sparingly punctured, the apical margins of the segments
ery thinly fringed with glittering silvery hairs.
H. Am.
Tribe FOSSOEES, Latr.
Fain. SCOLIADJE, Lead.
Gen. MYZOTE.
1. MYJKE TENUICOBNIS. M. nigra, alis hyalinis, abdomine nitido
flavoqe variegate.
Male, length 7 lines. Black ; the head and thorax very closely punc-
tured, tinly clothed with griseous pubescence, that on the face, thorax
152 SMITH OS- HTMIHOKTEEA OB ABTT IS1AOTS,
beneath, and on the coxse most dense and glittering; antennse more
slender thaa is usual in this genus, and tapering to their apex, the
joints slightly subarcuate; the mandibles bidentate at their apex and
with a yellow spot at their base. Thorax : the posterior margin of
the prothorax, a spot beneath the wings, the tegulse, and the post-
scutellum yellow j the anterior and intermediate tibiae ferruginous
and more or less dusky above, the posterior pair ferruginous beneath.
Abdomen shining, the margins of the segments deeply depressed; a
small orate spot on each side of the first segment, the second and
three following segments with a narrow stripe on each side in the
middle, yellow; the yellow markings obscure; the apical segment
coarsely rugose; beneath, the segments are closely and strongly
punctured.
Hab. Aru.
Gen. SCOECA, l?abr.
Division I. The anterior wings with two submarginal cells and two re-
current nervures.
f I . Scolia grossa, Burm. AbJi, Nat. Ges. Halle, i. p. 23, (Tiphia groasa,
Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 232. 4.)
Hab. Aru; Java.
The specimens of this species received from Aru are only 9 lines in
length ; I have examined others from Celebes, Borneo, India, and Java,
showing every difference between 9 lines and 18 lines.
Division II. Anterior wings with two submarginal cells and one recurrent
2. Scoi-rA NITIDA. S. nitida, aterrima ; alisteneoetviolaceosplendidi
micantibus.
Female. Length 1 1 lines. Shining jet-black, the abdomen with pris-
matic tints. The flagellum fusco-ferruginous beneath, the mandibes
ferruginous at their apex; the wings dark brown with a splenlid
lustre of coppery and golden tints mixed with shades of violet, fhe
head with a few punctures behind the ocelli ; the thorax with scattred
punctures ; the metathorax finely but not closely punctured; tlwdisk
of the mesothorax impunctate ; the abdomen with fine scatteredpunc-
tures; the apical segment opake, rugose, and with its apical iiargin
pale testaceous ; the abdomen beneath with strong distant pu-etures,
Hab. Aru.
3. SOOLIA FULSIDIPENNIS. S. nitida, nigra ; abdomineprismtico, alis
fttseis viride et violaceo micantibus.
Female. Length 12-13 lines. Jet-black, shining ; head vef smooth,
the hinder margin of the vertex finely punctured, the facerith a few
fine scattered punctures ; the flagellum obscurely rufo-fusous. Tho-
rax finely punctured, the disk of the mesothorax impunrate ; wings
dark brown with a splendid green iridescence, with viet tints to-
SMITH OH HYMENOMPEBA O3? ABB ISLANDS, 153
wards their base ; the legs thickly spinose and pubescent ; the cal-
caria simple. Abdomen with scattered fine punctures; the apical
segment densely clothed with black pubescence ; beneath, with strong
scattered punctures.
Male. Rather smaller than the female, much more closely punctured,
and not so shining and smooth ; the face with a transverse arched
carina above the insertion of the antenna, which enters the emar-
gination of the eyes ; the clypeus strongly punctured ; in other re-
spects resembling the female.
Hab, Am.
This species belongs to Guerin'a division Liacos, of which S. dimi-
diata is the type; the third discoidal cell is petiolated, the petiole
entering the second submarginal about the middle.
4. SCOLIA INSULAHIS. S. nitida nigraj abdomine prismatico, alis
obseurfe fuscis cupreo submicantibus.
Male, Length 7-9 lines. Shining black ; head punctured, the vertex most
finely and distinctly so. Thorax punctured, the disk of the mesothorax
impunctate, the punctures wide apart on the scutellum and metathorax ;
the wings dark brown with a coppery iridescence, which has a remark-
able dimness as if breathed upon. The basal segment of the abdomen
strongly and closely punctured ; the following segments more finely
and distantly punctured, particularly the second and third segments.
Hat. Key Island.
5. SCOLIA QUADRICEPS, S. nitida nigra ; fceminse capite magno sub-
quadrato, alis fuscis cupreo iridescentibus.
Female. Length 6-8 lines. Black and shining; head subquadrate,
smooth and shining, as wide as the thorax, with a few punctures at
the sides of the face and between thJ antennae. Thorax finely punc-
tured, with the disk of the mesothorax impunctate ; wings dark brown
with a rich coppery iridescence. Abdomea with a fine prismatic lustre,
closely and strongly punctured towards the apex and at the extreme
base, the second segment and the middle of the third with only a few
very fine scattered punctures.
Hob, Aru,
This species also belongs to the division Liacos; the petiolated cell is
small and oblong-quadrate ; the male exactly resembles the female, ex-
cept that its head is smaller and narrower than the thorax ; the abdomen
is rather more strongly punctured.
Gen. PoMETttrs, Fair.
1. POMPILUS DUBIUS. P. niger, pilis mutabili-serieeis tectus; alis
subhyalinis, apice nehuloso.
Female. Length 4^ lines. Black and covered with a thin changeable
silvery pile, which is most dense on the sides of the metathorax and
base of the segments of the abdomen. The vertex emarginate behind,
the eyes very large, their inner orbits emarginate, reaching high on
Io4 8MITH OH HYMETOETEBA OF ABTT ISLANDS.
the sides of the head nearly to the margin of the vertex ; the clypeus
emarginate in front, the labrum produced. Thorax : the prothorax
subelongate, narrowed anteriorly ; the wings subhyaline, their apex
clouded ; the intermediate and posterior tibiae with a double row of
spines ; all the tarsi simple ; the calcaria stout and elongate. Ab-
domen shining, with the margins of the segments slightly depressed.
Hob. Aru.
Subgen. AGEHIA, ScModte.
1. Agenia blanda, Guer. Voy. Coq. Zool. pt. 2. ii, p. 260.
Hab. Celebes ; India; Singapore; Malacca; Borneo; Key Island.
2. AGENIA CALLISTO. A. nigra, pilis sericeis vestita; facie thoraceque
subtits pube argentato-alba dense vestitis; alis fasciis duabus an-
gustis.
Female. Length 8 lines. Black ; the face, clypeus, and cheeks with
a dense silvery-white pile ; the tips of the mandibles obscurely ferru-
ginous, the palpi black. Thorax with a brilliant silvery-white pile
on the sides, beneath, and oa the coxa? ; the metathorax transversely
rugose ; the wings hyaline ; the anterior pair with a narrow fuscous
fascia at the apex of the externo-medial cell, and a second rather
broader at the base of the marginal cell, which does not quite cross
the wing; the apex of the wing fuscous. Abdomen petiolated,
smooth and shining, with a beautiful glossy pile, which is most dense
at the sides ; the apical segment longitudinally subcarinated in the
middle above.
Hab. Aru.
3. AGENIA JUCUNDA. A. niflda nigra; facie metathorace abdomineque
pube sericea vestitis; antennis, pedibus, abdominisque marginibus
apicalibus ferrugineis ; alis hyalinis.
Female. Length &j lines. Black ; head, pro- and mesothorax, as well
as the scutellum, glassy-smooth and shining; the face covered with
silvery-white pile ; the antenna?, tips of the mandibles, and the legs
ferruginous ; the palpi elongate and pale rufo-testaceous. Thorax :
the wings hyaline and iridescent, the nervures very slender and pale
rufo-testaceous, the stigma fuscous ; the metathorax rounded behind,
transversely rugose, and covered with silvery-white pile. Abdomen
petiolated ; the apical margins of the second and following segments
ferruginous, the apical segment entirely so ; the ferruginous band on
each segment produced in the middle into an angular shape ; on the
abdomen beneath they are similarly produced ; the basal segment
entirely ferruginous, with a black spot on each side,
Hab. Aru.
4. AGENIA ALTHEA. A. nigra ; facie pube argentato-alba vestita, tho-
raoe abdomineque sericeo pubescentibus ; alis hyalinis, venis nigris.
SMITH OK HYMElTOKrEBA OB ABtT ISLAJTDS. 155
Female. Length 5 lines. Black ; the face silvery ; the anterior mar-
gin of the clypeus rounded and narrowly smooth and shining ; tips of
the mandibles ferruginous; the mandibles elongate and pale rufo-
testaceous. Thorax : the metathorax finely transversely rugose, the
sides with bright silvery-white pubescence ; the coxae, the thorax be-
neath and on the sides, with fine silky sericeous pile ; the anterior
tibiw and tarsi, and all the femora at their apex beneath, ferruginous ;
wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures black ; the outer margin of the
tegulse testaceous. Abdomen shining, and with a fine silvery seri-
ceous pile ; the apical margins of the segments narrowly rufo-pice-
ous ; the terminal segment with an elongate, smooth, shining space,
which extends to the apex, which is testaceous.
Hub. Aru.
5, AGENIA ALCYONE, A, m'gra, pilis sericeis cinereis vestita; an-
tennis pedibusque ferrugineis, alia hyalinis ; abdomine petiolato ; mar-
ginibus apicalibus segmentorum flavis.
Male. Length 7 lines. Black ; the antennse, tips of the mandibles,
and the legs ferruginous ; the scape in front, a narrow line on the
inner orbit of the eyes, and the anterior portion of the clypeus yellow;
the antenna fuscous above towards their base. Thorax : the femora
beneath towards their base, the trochanters and coxae, except their
apex, black ; the apical joints of the intermediate and posterior tarsi
fuscous; wings hyaline, the nervures fusco-ferruginous, the tegnlse
reddish-yellow. Abdomen petiolated ; the apical margins of the seg-
ments with reddish-yellow fasciae; beneath, the margins of the seg-
ments are rufo-piceous, not fasciated.
Hob. Aru.
C, AGENIA AMALTHEA. A, nigra, pilis tenuibus cinereis sericeis ves-
tita ; antennis antice pedibugque anticis et intermediis antice ferru-
gineis ; abdomine petiolato ; alis hyalinis bifasciatis.
Female, Length 6 lines. Black ; the face densely covered with silvery
pile ; the antennse in front, the anterior margin of the clypeus and
the tips of the mandibles ferruginous ; palpi elongate and pale rufo-
testaceous. Thorax : the posterior margin of the prothorax narrowly,
the tegulse, the anterior and intermediate femora in front, the poste-
rior pair towards their apex beneath, the anterior tibiee and tarsi, the
intermediate and posterior tibise more or leas beneath, and their tarsi,
ferruginous; the tarsi sometimes dusky above; the wings hyaline, a
narrow fuscous fascia at the apex of the externo-medial cell, and a
broad one crossing at, and being the width of, the second and third
submarginal cells; tips of the wings milky-white; the metathorax
rounded posteriorly, transversely finely rugose and densely covered
with short silvery-white pubescence at the sides and apex. Abdomen
petiolated, smooth and shining, with the apex and the margins of the
segments narrowly rufo-piceous.
Hob, Aru,
SHITE ON HYMENOPTEEA OP AEU ISLA1TDS.
Gen. PBIOCNEMIS, Schiodte.
1. PRIOCNEMIS PULCHERRIMUS. P. let^ruber; alls flavo-hyalinis,
apice late fusco, abdominis lateribus nigris.
Female. Length 7i lines. Bright red 5 the anterior margin of the
clypeus with a minute tooth in the centre ; the tips of the mandibles
fuscous. The metathorax slightly striated transversely, and with a
central as well as a lateral longitudinal groove ; the wings flavo-hya-
line, their apex with a fuscous cloud, which commences at the base of
the first discoidal cell, the extreme tips pale ; the tibia: and tarsi with
short slender spines ; the extreme apex of the joints of the posterior
tarsi black. Abdomen : the short petiole of the basal segment, and
the sides of the second, third, and fourth segments black, leaving a
red line down the middle of each ; beneath, the second, third, and
base of the fourth segments black.
Hob. Aru.
2. PHIOCNEMIS PERVIDUS. P. capite, antennis, thorace pedibusque
ferrugineis; abdomine nigro ; alis fuscis basi subhyalinis.
female. Length 9 lines. Ferruginous, with the abdomen black ; the
anterior margin of the clypeus rounded. The metathorax transversely
rugose ; the pectus, and coxae at their base within, black ; wings
brown, with a violet iridescence, their base rufo-hyaline ; the inter-
mediate and posterior tibiae with a double row of spines, all the tarsi
spinose. Abdomen shining black, with the extreme apex slightly
ferruginous.
Hob. Aru.
Gen. MACEOMEEIS, St.-Farg.
1. MACROMERIS IRIDIPENNIS. M. caeruleo-nigra; abdomine irides-
cente, alis cceruleo-violaceoque splendide micantibus; pedibus mu-
tiuis, simplicibus.
Female. Length 12 lines. Blue-black; abdomen with a changeable
iridescent pile ; head and thorax with a black velvety pubescence ;
the metathorax very finely rugose and opake ; the legs simple ; the
posterior tibise villose within ; the wings very dark brown, with a
splendid violet and blue iridescence.
Male. Very closely resembling the female, but rather smaller; the
anterior and intermediate femora more incrassate, and all the femora
with a simple row of teeth or serrations on their inferior margins.
Hob. Aru.
Although this species of Macromerls is very similar in colour to the
M. violacea of St.-Fargeau, the femora are not so thick as in that
species, not in fact much more so than in the female ; and the row
of teeth beneath is a strong specific character.
SMITH ON HTMEKOPTEEA OP AHtT ISLANDS. 157
Gen, SAIOTS, Fair.
1. SALIUS MALIGNUS. S. niger, pube cinerei sericea vestitus; alia
fascia, albo fasciatia.
Female. Length 9 lines. Black, and covered with a fine thin ashy
pile ; the scape in front, and the anterior margin of the elypeus nar-
rowly, obscure yellow ; the mandibles ferruginous at their apex, which
has a single notch ; the palpi pale rufo-testaeeous. Thorax : the pro-
thorax with a slightly interrupted narrow fascia a little before its
posterior margin, and the scutellum, yellow ; the anterior femora
broadly dilated, and, as well as the anterior tibia;, ferruginous within ;
the intermediate tibiae ferruginous at their apex in front, and the
posterior pair with a yellowish-white spot at their base outside ; the
calcaria pale testaceous, the claws ferruginous, the anterior tarsi en-
tirely so, but more or less obscure ; the posterior tibiae slightly spi-
nose ; the anterior wings brown, with a white fascia crossing at the
first discoidal cell, and a second at the apex of the third submarginal,
the extreme base and the anterior margin of the externo-medial cell
hyaline. Abdomen : the apical margins of the segments with a little
bright silvery pile.
Hob. Aru.
Gen, MTGKIMIA, Smith.
1. MYGNIMIA. ASPASIA. M. cseruleo-nigra ; capite thoraceque pube
holosericea vestitis; alis fulvo-hyalinis j abdomine pilis iridescentibus
vestito.
Female. Length 14 lines. Black, with shades of Hue in certain lights ;
the abdomen with bright tints of blue and violet, caused by fine iri-
descent changeable pile; the legs have a similar pile, very bright on
the femora within j the head and thorax with a short black velvety
pubescence; the wings flavo-hyaline ; the nervures pale ferruginous ;
the extreme base of the wings blackish, their apical margins with a
narrow fuscous border. The legs spinose j the posterior tibi with a
double row of strong serrations.
Gen. SPHES, Fabr.
\. SPHEX ARGENT ATA, DaMb. Hym, Eur. i, 25. 1.
Hab. Aru; Celebes; Sumatra; India; Greece; Africa; East Florida.
2. SPHKX SBRIOBA, Fair. Syst. Piez. 211. 19.
Hab. Aru ; Malacca ; Borneo ; Java ; Philippine Islands.
3, SPHEX AURIFRONS. 8. niger; facie pube aurea vestita, alis flavo-
hyalinis apice fuseis, abdomine pilis sericeo-aureis vestito.
Female. Black ; the face densely clothed with golden pubescence, the
head having a number of scattered long golden-yellow hairs. Thorax
58 SMITH ON HYMESOBTERA OB AETT ISLANDS.'
thinly covered with long yellow pubescence, which is most dense at
the sides of the metathorax ; the tibiae, tarsi, and posterior femora
ferruginous j the claw -joint of the tarsi black ; the tibiae and tarsi
with black spines ; the wings fulvo-hyaline, their apex with a narrow
fuscous border, the nervures ferruginous. Abdomen covered with a
fine, thin, golden-reflecting pile ; the apical margins of the segments
rufo-testaceous, the testaceous margin produced in the middle into a
triangular shape, most conspicuously so on the segments beneath.
Hob. Aru.
4. SPHEX NITIDIVENTHIS. S. niger; abdomine nigro-cseruleo, larvi-
gato, nitido ; alis f uscis".
Female. Length 12 lines. Black; the face with silvery pubescence,
and thinly covered with long black hairs ; the clypeus with a central
longitudinal carina at the base, which terminates at the middle, from
whence to the anterior margin is a broad, smooth, shining space.
Thorax shining and finely punctured; the metathorax opake and
covered with long, loose, black pubescence ; the legs shining, the pos-
terior tibia; with shining grey pile within ; wings brown, darkest at
their base. Abdomen blue, and very smooth and shining, oblong-
ovate ; the apical segment vertical.
Hob, Aru.
5. SPHEX SEPICOLA. S. niger; facie pube aure& vestita; alis sub-
hyalinis apice fuscis ; abdomine nitido.
female. Length 9 lines. Black ; the face densely clothed with golden
pubescence, the cheeks with iridescent pile, with a long, loose, scat-
tered pale yellow pubescence on the head and thorax ; the mandibles
smooth, shining black. The disk of the thorax with an obscure cha-
lybeous tint, shining and finely punctured j the metathorax opake and
finely rugose ; the wings subhyaline, their apical margins fuscous, the
nervures fusco-ferruginous. Abdomen with a slender subelongate
petiole, and with a thin, silky, grey pile; the apical margins of the
segments narrowly and obscurely rufo-piceous.
Male. Rather smaller than the female, more slender and more pubes-
cent, the pubescence on the face paler.
Hob. Aru.
6. SPHEX GRATIOSA. S. capite thoraceque nigris, abdomine cseruleo,
alis fusco-hyalinis.
Male. Length 10 lines. Head and thorax black; the face densely
clothed with pale golden pubescence ; the labrura and mandibles
highly polished, very smooth and shining ; a thin pale pubescence is
scattered over the head, pro- and mesothorax, the latter obscurely cha-
lybeous above, shining, and finely and closely punctured, with an abbre-
viated, deeply impressed line in the middle anteriorly ; the posterior
margin of the prothorax covered with shining silvery pubescence ; the
ow or
159
metathorax opake, and clothed with black pubescence ; wings fusco-
hyaline, the anterior the
dark fusco-fenuginous, nearly black. Abdomen smooth, shining dark
I the of the a
pale-golden pile.
G-en* P:&z t op<Eii8, Zafr.
L P f
loque rufescenti-flavis, alis hyallnis fulvo tinctis.
12 on the
and thorax ; the face with a fine cinereous pile ; the scape yellow in
the and Thorax: the
ferruginous^ the posterior femora darkest \ the coxae, the anterior
of the black; fulvo-
hyaline, the nervures ferruginous; the metathoru obliquely
at the with the petiole reddish-
yellow*
Hob. Arm.
I, LABBAHA L. abdomine pilis fasciato ;
alis hyalinis*
Length 6| lines- Black 5 the face covered with silvery down ;
the smooth, shining, black f and ful-
vous hairs, the cheeks silvery,. Thorax slightly shining, closely and
delicately punctured ; the and I
wings subhyaline, with a fuscous border at their apex, the nervures
the of the
second, and third segments with fascia of silvery pile* which is very
in
Male closely resembles the female* but has an additional fascia on the
abdomen.
Hai. Aru,
1, LAURA SIMILUMA. L. nigra* pulchre prismatica, maculis fasci-
Female. Length 6| lines. Black ; the abdomen with tints of blue
; the I the an
scape above, an abbreviated line on the inner orbits of the eyes, the
in and the I the a
silvery reflexion. The thorax beneath, and the tnetathorax, with a
I the
tibise beneath yellow ; the tarsi pale ferruginous^ and more or less
a on
the lateral posterior angles of the metathorax, two ovate spots on the
a on the : the
basal segment with a broadly interrupted fascia a little before its
11