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This standard provides requirements and guidance for the design, procurement, installation,
testing, maintenance, operation, and quality assurance of safety instrumented systems (SIS)
that may be used at Department of Energy (DOE) nonreactor nuclear facilities for safety
significant (SS) functions.

The purpose of causal analysis is to identify and understand the causes (both individual and organizational) that
contributed to an occurrence in order to correct deficiencies. DOE O 232.2, Occurrence Reporting and Processing
of Operations Information, requires the investigation and analysis of occurrences. Pursuant to DOE O 232.2,
causal analyses of occurrences and near misses must go beneath the surface to identify how the underlying
sources of operational vulnerability combined to produce unintended or undesired results.

This handbook provides information necessary to determine if a chemical process is covered by the PSM Rule and provides an interpretation of the 14 elements of the PSM Rule. An overview of these elements is given in Table 1.1. This handbook also describes DOE programs that may, with or without modification, satisfy the requirements of this Rule.

This Handbook guides the conduct of table-top needs analysis. An overview of needs analysis is provided and is followed by a detailed explanation of the table-top needs analysis method. The appendixes include facilitator and coordinator materials to provide further information and examples of table-top needs analysis.

This Handbook describes a recommended implementation process for conducting the radiation safety training required by Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations Occupational Radiation Protection, (10 CFR 835) Subpart J and as outlined in the DOE standard DOE-STD-1098-99, Radiological Control (RCS). The Handbook is to assist those individuals, both within the Department of Energy (DOE) and Managing and Operating (M&O) contractors, identified as having responsibility for implementing the training required by 10 CFR 835 and recommended by the RCS. Supersedes DOE-HDBK-1105-96

The goal of the training program is to provide a baseline knowledge for those individuals completing the training. Use of the DOE developed material provides personnel with the information necessary to perform their assigned duties at a predetermined level of expertise. Implementing the training program helps ensure consistent and appropriate training of personnel

This Handbook describes a recommended implementation process for conducting the radiation safety training required by Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations Occupational Radiation Protection, (10 CFR 835) Subpart J and as outlined in the DOE standard DOE-STD-1098-99, Radiological Control (RCS). The Handbook is to assist those individuals, both within the Department of Energy (DOE) and Managing and Operating (M&O) contractors, identified as having responsibility for implementing the training required by 10 CFR 835 and recommended by the RCS.

This program management guide describes the proper implementation standard for core training as outlined in the DOE
Radiological Control (RadCon) Standard. The guide is to assist those individuals, both within the Department of Energy (DOE) and Managing and Operating (M&O) contractors, identified as having responsibility for implementing the core training recommended by the RadCon Standard.

This Handbook describes a recommended implementation process for core training as outlined in the DOE Radiological Control Standard (RCS). The Handbook is to assist those individuals, both within the Department of Energy (DOE) and Managing and Operating (M&O) contractors, identified as having responsibility for implementing the core training recommended by the RCS. This training may also be given to laboratory researchers to assist in meeting their job-specific training requirements of 10 CFR 835. Contains all three parts which are the Program Management Guide, Instructor's Guide, and the Student's Guide.

This Handbook describes a recommended implementation process for core training as outlined in the DOE Radiological Control Standard (RCS). The Handbook is to assist those individuals, both within the Department of Energy (DOE) and Managing and Operating (M&O) contractors, identified as having responsibility for implementing the core training recommended by the RCS. This training may also be given to laboratory researchers to assist in meeting their job-specific training requirements of 10 CFR 835. Contains all three parts which are the Program Management Guide, Instructor's Guide, and the Student's Guide.

This non-mandatory Handbook describes a recommended implementation process for conducting the radiation safety training required by Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations Occupational Radiation Protection, (10 CFR 835) Subpart J and as outlined in the DOE standard DOE-STD-1098-99, Radiological Control (RCS). The Handbook is to assist those individuals, both within the Department of Energy (DOE) and Managing and Operating (M&O) contractors, identified as having responsibility for implementing the training required by 10 CFR 835 and recommended by the RCS. Change Notice 1 dated January 2007.

This memorandum forwards changes to subject DOE Technical Standard, DOE-HDBK-1110-97. The changes were made as part of the Office of Worker Protection Policy and Programs updating the Word Processing software used to develop and maintain the document (i.e., conversion from WordPerfect to Word). The attached table details the editorial changes. The document had just been reaffirmed in July 2002.

This Handbook describes a recommended implementation process for additional training as outlined in DOE-STD-1098-99, Radiological Control (RCS). Its purpose is to assist those individuals, Department of Energy (DOE) employees, Managing and Operating (M&O) contractors, and Managing and Integrating (M&I) contractors identified as having responsibility for implementing the training recommended by the RCS. Reaffirmation with Errata April 2005

This Handbook describes a recommended implementation process for additional training as outlined in DOE-STD-1098-99, Radiological Control (RCS). Its purpose is to assist those individuals, Department of Energy (DOE) employees, Managing and Operating (M&O) contractors, and Managing and Integrating (M&I) contractors identified as having responsibility for implementing the training recommended by the RCS.

The purpose of this guide is to provide direction for line and training managers in carrying out their responsibilities for training and qualifying assigned personnel and to verify that existing training activities are effective.

This guide has been developed based on functional responsibilities typical of the electrical, instrument and control, mechanical, and maintenance supervisor positions. This guide applies to all levels of maintenance supervision, up to but not including the maintenance manager.

This guide provides contractor training organizations with information and methods useful in the development and implementation of continuing training programs using a Systematic Approach to Training (SAT) process.

This guide, used in conjunction with a facility-specific job analysis, provides a framework for the selection, training, qualification, and professional development of reactor facility and non-reactor nuclear facility shift supervisors. Training and qualification programs based on this guide should provide assurance that shift supervisors perform their jobs safely and competently.

Radiological control operations frequently require the RCT to use arithmetic and algebra to perform various calculations. These include scientific notation, unit analysis and conversion, radioactive decay calculations, dose rate/distance calculations, shielding calculations, stay-time calculations. A good foundation in mathematics and algebra is important to ensure that the data obtained from calculations is accurate. Accurate data is crucial to the assignment of proper
radiological controls.

A working knowledge of the unit analysis and conversion process is necessary for the Radiological Control Technician. It is useful for air and water sample activity calculations, contamination calculations, and many other applications. This lesson will introduce the International System of Units (SI), the prefixes used with SI units, and the unit analysis and conversion process. Many calculations accomplished in radiological control are actually unit conversions, not complex calculations involving formulas that must be memorized.

This lesson introduces the RCT to the concepts of energy, work, and the physical states of matter. Knowledge of these topics is important to the RCT as he or she works in environments where materials can undergo changes in state, resulting in changes in the work environment.

Nuclear power is made possible by the process of nuclear fission. Fission is but one of a large number of nuclear reactions which can take place. Many reactions other than fission are quite important because they affect the way we deal with all aspects of handling and storing nuclear materials. These reactions include radioactive decay, scattering, and radiative capture. This lesson is designed to provide an understanding of the forces present within an atom.

Apart from the amount of radiation a worker may receive while performing work, they will also be exposed to radiation because of the very nature of our environment. All individuals are subject to some irradiation even though they may not work with radioactive substances. This natural source of exposure is often referred to as background radiation.

As discussed in previous lessons, there are many different kinds of elements. The atoms of these elements are comprised of a nucleus surrounded by orbital electrons. The nucleus consists of protons and neutrons. Each element has a specific number of protons, while the number of neutrons may vary, resulting in various isotopes of the same element.

Within a year after Roentgen's discovery of X-rays in 1895, it was learned that exposure to ionizing radiation could lead to biological damage. Since that time, a tremendous amount of research has been done attempting to interpret the reactions which take place from the moment that radiation enters a living cell until some permanent damage is produced. From beginning to end, these initial reactions are probably completed in a millionth of a second, making them very difficult to study. For this reason, it is still not known which of the many chemical or biochemical reactions brought about by ionizing radiation are responsible for initiating biological damage.

The task of setting exposure limits is both a vital and yet a very difficult undertaking. It is vital because workers must be protected from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation. It is difficult because of the many factors which enter into the effects which radiation produces. Even though a vast amount of data has been gathered and studied, there are still many areas where much work is needed before firm conclusions can be drawn. Nevertheless, in order to advance in the field of nuclear energy, people must work with radiation. Thus, certain levels must be set which will protect workers from undue
exposure.

All personnel at a facility must be committed to the ALARA philosophy. The RCT can play a major role in establishing and maintaining that commitment by understanding its concepts. This lesson will familiarize the student with the ALARA concepts and the essential components of an effective ALARA program.

The external exposure reduction and control measures available are of primary importance to the everyday tasks performed by the RCT. In this lesson, we will address the DOE and Facility Administrative Exposure limits and the basic methods used for reducing radiation exposure. Various techniques such as time, distance, and shielding that are used to help reduce external exposure controls will be discussed. These techniques are useful to maintain personnel exposure below administrative and federal limits.

Radiological control involves the protection of mankind and his environment from the harmful effects of exposure to radiation or radioactive materials. The tasks that make up the responsibilities of the RCT include those actions used to minimize the potential exposure of workers and include efforts at reduction of both internal and external exposures. This lesson is designed to familiarize the technician with those actions necessary to minimize the entry of radioactive materials into the body and the basis for those actions.

In all aspects of radiological control, a knowledge of the characteristic and magnitude of the radiation field is essential in evaluating the degree of radiological hazard present. Radiation itself can not be detected directly. Because of this, radiation detection is accomplished by analysis of the effects produced by the radiation as it interacts in a material. Numerous different methods of accomplishing this analysis have been developed and implemented with varying degrees of success. Several of these have found extensive application in radiological control.

This Handbook describes an implementation process for core training as recommended in chapter 14 to Implementation Guide G441.1-1C , Radiation Protection Programs for Use with Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 835, Occupational Radiation Protection, and as outlined in the DOE standard, Radiological Control (RCS). The Handbook is meant to assist those individuals within the Department of Energy, Managing and Operating contractors, and Managing and Integrating contractors identified as having responsibility for implementing core training recommended by the RCS. While this Handbook addresses the training requirements of 10 CFR 835.103 for Radiological Control Technicians, it must be supplemented with facility specific information to achieve full compliance.

This Handbook describes an implementation process for core training as recommended in chapter 14 to Implementation Guide G441.1-1C , Radiation Protection Programs for Use with Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 835, Occupational Radiation Protection, and as outlined in the DOE standard, Radiological Control (RCS). The Handbook is meant to assist those individuals within the Department of Energy, Managing and Operating contractors, and Managing and Integrating contractors identified as having responsibility for implementing core training recommended by the RCS. While this Handbook addresses the training requirements of 10 CFR 835.103 for Radiological Control Technicians, it must be supplemented with facility specific information to achieve full compliance.

This Handbook describes an implementation process for core training as recommended in chapter 14 to Implementation Guide G441.1-1C , Radiation Protection Programs for Use with Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 835, Occupational Radiation Protection, and as outlined in the DOE standard, Radiological Control (RCS). The Handbook is meant to assist those individuals within the Department of Energy, Managing and Operating contractors, and Managing and Integrating contractors identified as having responsibility for implementing core training recommended by the RCS. While this Handbook addresses the training requirements of 10 CFR 835.103 for Radiological Control Technicians, it must be supplemented with facility specific information to achieve full compliance. Revised 2013.

A good Radiological Control Program must have a sound documentation process. RCTs are involved daily in creating records through surveys, RWPs, and procedures that give a history of actual conditions and operations.

Good communication skills are essential to an RCT. Each RCT should develop an ability to communicate using both
verbal and non-verbal media. This skill will ensure important information is transmitted to the proper individuals in a clear and concise manner.

Radiological sample analysis involves observation of a random process, one that may or may not occur, and estimation of the amount of radioactive material present based on that observation. All over the country radiological control personnel are using the activity measurements to make decisions that may affect the health and safety of workers at those facilities and their surrounding environments.

This lesson will introduce the types of instruments used to measure external and internal radiation to people. Dosimetry
is the quantitative assessment of radiation received by the human body. There are several types of dosimeters in use
worldwide. This material is valuable to all radiological control personnel since dosimeters are the only direct method to measure and document personnel radiation exposure and ensure regulatory compliance with applicable limits.

Before the proper internal exposure control methods can be determined for personnel, an estimate of the airborne radioactivity concentration must be obtained. Additionally, airborne radioactivity measurements are necessary to ensure that the control measures assigned are effective and continue to be effective.

Internal dosimetry controls require the use of engineering controls to prevent the internal deposition of radioactive and
non-radiological contaminants. However, when engineering and administrative controls are not available or feasible,
respiratory protection may be necessary. The RCT should know and apply the considerations used in determining the
respiratory protection equipment that is most appropriate for the job. Inappropriate use of or the use of the wrong
respiratory protection equipment may result in undesirable health effects.

Radioactive sources are used for response checks in the field, functional checks, and calibration of instruments and
monitors to traceable standards. To ensure the safety and welfare of all personnel it is important to maintain control of
radioactive sources.

Environmental monitoring plays a large role in the field of radiological control. Environmental monitoring is used to
estimate human population doses, determine the impact a site has on the environment, monitor for unplanned releases as well as quantifying planned releases, and gives us data useful in determining pathway data.

This lesson presents instruction in Radiological Work Permits, various types of postings used in radiological areas,
setting up radiological areas, access controls, and releasing of material from radiological areas. All of these are fundamental
duties of RCTs.

The basis behind the regulations governing the packaging and shipping of radioactive material is to keep radiation and radioactive material from affecting the environment during transportation and to keep the environment from affecting the integrity of the radioactive material.

State that most people have an attitude that "it can't happen here" and don't take incident response planning seriously.
Explain that incidents do occur, and experience has shown that best response comes from workers who have prepared
themselves with a plan for dealing with incidents. Relate to a car skidding on ice. If the driver has thought about corrective actions for skidding, he will be less likely to panic. State that no plan can give an exact solution to every problem, but that a step-by-step approach to responding to any problem can be used.

In our work environment, one of the major concerns of radiological protection is the prevention of personnel contamination. When personnel contamination has been identified, it is the responsibility of RCTs to control or oversee the decontamination of the individual using the best method available.

Injuries occurring in radiological areas, particularly in contaminated, airborne, or areas with high radiation dose rates require special considerations above and beyond standard first aid. The RCT may often be the first person or one of the first, to arrive at the scene of an injury. Because of this, the RCT must know how first aid requirements and radiological control requirements may conflict and on what basis to establish priorities. This lesson will introduce the special considerations for injuries in radiological areas.

External exposure controls used to minimize the dose equivalent to personnel are based on the data taken with portable radiation survey instruments. An understanding of these instruments is important to ensure the data obtained is accurate and appropriate for the source of radiation. This lesson contains information about widely used portable
radiation survey instruments.

Contamination control is used to help minimize the potential for internal contamination. Portable contamination monitoring instruments are used to provide data for the contamination control program. An understanding of these
instruments is important to ensure that data obtained is accurate and appropriate for the levels of contamination. This
lesson contains information about widely used portable contamination instruments.

Before the proper internal exposure control methods can be determined for personnel, an estimate of the airborne radioactivity concentration must be obtained. Airborne radioactivity measurements are necessary to ensure that the
control measures are effective and continue to be effective. This lesson contains information about widely used air
sampling equipment.

In this lesson, we will cover counting room equipment in relation to types used, purpose for, radiation monitored, operational requirements, and specific limitations and characteristics. The RCT uses information from these counting instruments to identify and assess the hazards presented by contamination and airborne radioactivity and establish protective requirements for work performed in radiological areas.

It is important to a RCT that they have a basic understanding of physics because they may work in an environments where materials can undergo changes in state, resulting in changes in the work environment.

A knowledge of the unit analysis and conversion process is a necessity for the RCT. It is useful for air and water sample
activity calculations, contamination calculations, and many other applications.

10 CFR 835 establishes radiation protection standards, limits, and program requirements for protecting individuals from ionizing radiation resulting from the conduct of DOE activities. It is important to maintain the proper documentation to ensure that these standards and requirements are being met. An RCT plays a vital role in supporting these requirements through proper documentation.

Good communication is important in everyday life to make sure our message is clear, understood, and received. A clear concise communication eliminates confusion and the possibility of misunderstanding. It is important that the receiver understand the communication without unnecessary interpretation or guess work.

Radiological sample analysis involves observation of a random process, one that may or may not occur, and estimation of the amount of radioactive material present based on that observation. All over the country radiation protection personnel are using activity measurements to make decisions that may affect the health and safety of workers at those facilities and their surrounding environments.

Radiation dosimetry is the branch of science that attempts to quantitatively relate specific measures made in a radiation field to chemical and/or biological changes that the radiation would produce in a target. Dosimetry is essential for quantifying the incidence of various biological changes as a function of the amount of radiation received (dose-effect
relationships), for comparing different experiments, for monitoring the radiation exposure of individuals, and for surveillance of the environment.

Contamination control is probably one of the most difficult and challenging tasks the Radiological Control Technician will encounter. To have a successful contamination control program, the radiological control staff must have considerable foresight, initiative, and experience.

Inhalation of radioactive particles is the largest cause of internal dose. Airborne radioactivity measurements are necessary to ensure that the control measures are effective and continue to be effective. Regulations govern the allowable effective dose equivalent to an individual. The effective dose equivalent is determined by combining the external and internal dose equivalent values. Typically, airborne radioactivity levels are maintained well below allowable levels to keep the total effective dose equivalent small.

Environmental monitoring plays a large role in the field of radiological control. Environmental monitoring is used to estimate human population doses, determine the impact a site has on the environment, monitor for unplanned releases as well as quantifying planned releases, and gives us data useful in determining pathway data. This data can then be analyzed, and such information as critical nuclides and critical pathways can then be determined. The Radiological Control organization is generally interested in determining activity in the ambient air, in surface water and sediments, in ground water wells, as well as ambient dose rates in the environment.

Jobs performed in restricted areas are usually approved and controlled by radiological control personnel by using administrative and procedural controls, such as Radiological Work Permits (RWPs). In addition, some jobs will require working in, or will have the potential for creating, very high radiation, contamination, or airborne radioactivity areas.

The basis behind the regulations governing the packaging and shipping of radioactive material is to keep radiation and radioactive material from affecting the environment during transportation and to keep the environment from affecting the integrity of the radioactive material.

Many people believe "it can't happen here" or "it won't happen to me" and do not take incident response planning seriously. But, incidents do occur, and experience has shown that the best response comes from workers who have prepared themselves with a plan for dealing with incidents. Each incident may be unique and no plan can be expected to give an exact solution to every problem, but a step-by-step approach for responding to a problem will help assure an appropriate response.

In our work environment, one of the major concerns of radiological control is the prevention of personnel contamination. When personnel contamination has been identified, it is the responsibility of the RCTs to perform or oversee the decontamination of the individual using the best methods available. Frequently, the RCT is also required to document the decontamination effort and make any required notifications.

"Standard first aid is applied prior to contamination control whenever it is considered to have life-saving value, or is important to the patient for relief of pain or prevention of disability. It is the obligation of all who assist a patient to render such aid within the limits of their training and qualifications."

External exposure controls used to minimize the dose equivalent to personnel are based on the data taken with portable radiation survey instruments. An understanding of these instruments is important to ensure the data obtained are accurate and appropriate for the source of radiation. This lesson contains information about widely used portable radiation survey instruments.

This lesson covers contamination monitoring instruments in relation to types used, purpose for, radiation monitored, operational requirements, and specific limitations and characteristics. The RCT uses information from these monitoring instruments to identify and assess the hazards presented by contamination and establish protective requirements for work performed in contaminated areas.

This lesson covers air sampling equipment in relation to types used, operational and physical characteristics, limitations, and methods of sampling. The RCT uses this information to identify and assess the hazards presented by airborne contamination and establish protective requirements for work performed in airborne contamination areas.

An overview of counters, scalers and associated equipment will describe the basic functions of counting equipment used to detect radiation activity. The RCT uses information from these counting instruments to identify and assess the hazards presented by contamination and airborne radioactivity and establish protective requirements for work performed in radiological areas. Stand-alone counters or scalers measure gross activity while spectroscopy systems perform spectrum analysis to identify and quantify activity from specific nuclides. The common uses of counting room equipment in various facilities will be discussed.

The DOE suggested task worksheets are provided as a guide to develop Job Performance Measures (JPMs). These Guides provide information on tasks common to many sites. Each site must complete a documented job evaluation to validate core and site specific tasks.

This Handbook describes an implementation process for core training as recommended in DOE Guide G441.1-1, Management and Administration of Radiation Protection Programs and as outlined in DOE’s Radiological Control Standard (RCS). The Handbook is meant to assist those individuals within the Department of Energy, Managing and Operating contractors, and Managing and Integrating contractors identified as having responsibility for implementing core training recommended by the RCS. While this Handbook addresses the training requirements of 10 CFR 835.103 for Radiological Control Technicians, it must be supplemented with facility specific information to achieve full compliance.

Tritium handling practices have evolved over several decades at Department of Energy tritium facilities. The objective has been to accomplish required tritium work while minimizing and controlling the exposure of workers, the public, and the environment from tritium. This document provides guidance for the handling, storing and shipping of tritium.

Tritium handling practices have evolved over several decades at Department of Energy tritium facilities. The objective has been to accomplish required tritium work while minimizing and controlling the exposure of workers, the public, and the environment from tritium. This document provides guidance for the handling, storing and shipping of tritium.

Tritium handling practices have evolved over several decades at Department of Energy (DOE) tritium facilities. The objective has been to accomplish required tritium work while minimizing and controlling the exposure of workers, the public, and the environment to tritium. This document provides guidance for the handling, storing, and shipping of tritium.

This Handbook describes an implementation process for core training as recommended in chapter 14 to Implementation Guide G441.1-1B , Radiation Protection Programs for Use with Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 835, Occupational Radiation Protection, and as outlined in the DOE standard, Radiological Control (RCS). The Handbook is meant to assist those individuals within the Department of Energy, Managing and Operating contractors, and Managing and Integrating contractors identified as having responsibility for implementing core training recommended by the RCS. This training is intended for radiological workers to assist in meeting their job-specific training requirements of 10 CFR 835.
While this Handbook addresses many requirements of 10 CFR 835 Subpart J, it must be supplemented
with facility/site-specific information to achieve full compliance.

This Handbook describes an implementation process for core training as recommended in Implementation Guide G441.12, Radiation Safety Training, and as outlined in the DOE Radiological Control Standard (RCS). The Handbook is meant to assist those individuals within the Department of Energy, Managing and Operating contractors, and Managing and Integrating contractors identified as having responsibility for implementing core training recommended by the RCS. This training is intended for radiological workers to assist in meeting their job-specific training requirements of 10 CFR 835. While this Handbook addresses many requirements of 10 CFR 835 Subpart J, it must be supplemented with facility specific information to achieve full compliance.

This Handbook describes an implementation process for core training as recommended in chapter 14 to Implementation Guide G441.1-1B , Radiation Protection Programs for Use with Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 835, Occupational Radiation Protection, and as outlined in the DOE standard, Radiological Control (RCS). The Handbook is meant to assist those individuals within the Department of Energy, Managing and Operating contractors, and Managing and Integrating contractors identified as having responsibility for implementing core training recommended by the RCS. This training is intended for radiological workers to assist in meeting their job-specific training requirements of 10 CFR 835. While this Handbook addresses many requirements of 10 CFR 835 Subpart J, it must be supplemented with facility/site-specific information to achieve full compliance.

This program management guide provides guidance for proper implementation of additional standardized training as outlined in the DOE Radiological Control Standard (RCS). The guide is meant to assist those individuals within the Department of Energy, Managing and Operating (M&O) contractors, and Managing and Integrating (M&I) contractors identified as having responsibility for implementing the additional standardized training recommended by the RCS.
Facilities should determine the applicability of this material to support existing programs meant to comply with the training required by 10 CFR 835. Facilities are encouraged to revise these materials as appropriate.

This program management guide describes the proper implementation standard for core training as outlined in the DOE
Radiological Control (RadCon) Standard. The guide is to assist those individuals, both within the Department of Energy (DOE) and Managing and Operating (M&O) contractors, identified as having responsibility for implementing the core training
recommended by the RadCon Standard.

This program management guide provides guidance for proper implementation of additional standardized training as outlined in the DOE Radiological Control Standard (RCS). The guide is meant to assist those individuals within the Department of Energy, Managing and Operating (M&O) contractors, and Managing and Integrating (M&I) contractors identified as having responsibility for implementing the additional standardized training recommended by the RCS. Facilities should determine the applicability of this material to support existing programs meant to comply with the training required by 10 CFR 835. Facilities are encouraged to revise these materials as appropriate.

This program management guide provides guidance for proper implementation of additional standardized raining as outlined in the DOE Radiological Control Standard (RCS). Reaffirmed with Errata April 2004.

This handbook describes the DOE General Employee Radiological Training program. It includes standards and policies as well as recommendations for material development and program administration. It is intended for use by DOE
contractors for the development of facility-specific general employee radiological training.

This handbook describes the DOE General Employee Radiological Training program. It includes standards and policies as well as recommendations for material development and program administration. It is intended for use by DOE
contractors for the development of facility-specific general employee radiological training.

The Design Considerations Handbook includes information and suggestions for the design of systems typical to nuclear facilities, information specific to various types of special facilities, and information useful to various design disciplines.

Chemicals are ubiquitous in DOE’s nuclear and non-nuclear operations. Given their wide application, it is not surprising that chemical incidents or exposures continue at a rate of approximately one a day. With respect to major accidents, chemicals are the second leading cause of DOE Type A & B accidents, exceeded only by those attributed to radiation.

Volume 2 supplements the core Handbook. This volume presents site approaches to chemical management programs from across the DOE complex and the chemical industry to illustrate chemical management program implementation. In some cases these samples have been reformatted to reflect the organization in Volume 1, making it easier to find specific information.

This chapter identifies and consolidates existing user safety and health requirements found in DOE and Federal chemical-related safety and health regulations and National Standards that address hazard analysis of activities involving chemicals (see definition) and chemical products (see definition). State and local codes and requirements are NOT included. This chapter specifically consolidates requirements found in the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the Compressed Gas Association (CGA), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and certain Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations and Department of Energy (DOE) Rules and Orders, including technical standards that are made mandatory by their specific reference within a regulation, rule or DOE Order.