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The Illinois Natural History Survey’s Biological Collections include more than 9.5 million specimens housed in eleven separate collections. All collections except the birds collection and the mammals collection rank within the 15th largest in North America. These collections, some of which date back over 150 years, represent the most complete record of Illinois biota anywhere. Most collections are also global in geographic coverage for many groups.

Because these specimens document the presence of species through time, our collections are an invaluable resource for tracking changes in species distributions as habitats have been modified. The collections are regularly used in scientific research to:

recognize threatened and endangered species,

determine the arrival and spread of exotic and invasive species,

provide baseline data for ecological restoration projects,

evaluate habitat quality over time and space,

assess the effects of climate change,

locate populations of medical or economic importance,

resolve evolutionary relationships,

discover new species, and

facilitate species identification through comparative morphology and DNA barcoding.

Many specimen records are available online through web-based searchable databases accessible to scientists, resource managers, policy makers, and the public.

Explore the INHS Biological Collections below by clicking on the image or name of the individual collection.