Kicker Bill McClard was an All American. McClard also averaged 6.5 points per game, the seventh best average nationally. Razorback quarterback Joe Ferguson was eighth in the nation in completions per game, with 14.5. Mike Reppond averaged 5.6 receptions per game, the fourth highest average during 1971. As an offense, Arkansas averaged 211.5 yards per game, the highest in the SWC, and eighth-highest in college football. Arkansas was seventh in total offense, with a total of 4898 yards over 11 games.

The 1971 Liberty Bowl matched up Arkansas with Tennessee. The Volunteers took the lead first, with a two-yard run by Bill Rudder. The Hogs responded with a 36-yard TD strike from Joe Ferguson to Jim Hodge. Scoring wouldn't resume until the fourth quarter, when Razorback Bill McClard kicked 19- and 30-yard field goals. A third McClard kick was good, set up by Louis Campbell's third interception, but a penalty kept the Hogs off the board a fourth time. Arkansas fumbled at their own 36-yard line, and Tennessee's Curt Watson scored three plays later.

1.
Arkansas Razorbacks football
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The Arkansas Razorbacks football program represents the University of Arkansas, located in Fayetteville, Arkansas, in the sport of American football. The Razorbacks compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, the program has 13 conference championships,45 All-Americans, and an all-time record of 700–475–40. The Razorbacks are the 23rd-most successful team in football history by number of wins. Home games are played at locations near the two largest campuses of the University of Arkansas System, Donald W. Reynolds Razorback Stadium in Fayetteville, the Arkansas Razorbacks have 84 active NFL players currently in the 2015 NFL Season. The first University of Arkansas football team was formed in 1894 and coached by John Futrall and that team played three games, two against Fort Smith High School and one against Texas. Before the 1909 season, the teams was called the Arkansas Cardinals, the name and mascot changed following the 1909 season when the football team, coached by Hugo Bezdek, finished 7–0. Arkansas prevailed over powerhouses Oklahoma, LSU and Washington of St. Louis in 1909 and it was with the help of Steve Creekmore that this was accomplished. Creekmore became perhaps the first Razorback star, a quarterback from Van Buren who initially played only intramurals, Bezdek used Creekmore to install a very early edition of the hurry-up offense, as the team never huddled and chased the ball after every play. Creekmore was also known for fast and slippery running, blocking, there are differing stories about the origins of the Razorbacks mascot, however. The Texarkana Arkansas High School mascot and athletic emblem is the Razorback with red, the Razorback mascot was selected in 1910 to replace the Cardinal as the University of Arkansas mascot. In exchange for its use, the university provided used athletic gear to Texarkana Arkansas High, this practice is no longer used. With the new name and mascot, the Hogs defeated LSU 51–0 and gave Texas A&M their only loss in 1910, in 1913, Arkansas quarterback J. L. Carter and the Razorbacks lost to Ole Miss, and took a fateful train to Arkadelphia to play Ouachita Baptist. While Carter was eating, he was invited to a meeting of Ouachita boosters and he transferred and defeated Arkansas 15–9 in 1914. The Hogs would be contacted by L. Theo Bellmont in 1913 in his attempt to create a conference to regulate use of ringers. Hugo Bezdek, since replaced by E. T. Pickering, had recommended that the Hogs join a conference before he left to coach at Oregon, the Razorbacks joined the Southwest Conference as charter members in 1915. The conference also included teams from Texas and Oklahoma, southwestern would also join, but leave the following year. The 1916,1917, and 1919 teams were led at quarterback by Arkansas greatest athlete Gene Davidson, the Razorbacks didnt have a winning conference record until 1920, and didnt win the conference championship until 1936. Arkansas had the best record during the 1933 season, but had to forfeit the SWC Championship because Ulysses Heine Schleuter, Schleuter had told coach Fred Thomsen that he was eligible, but he was recognized by an SMU player during the game as a former Cornhusker

2.
Southwest Conference
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The Southwest Conference was an NCAA Division I college athletic conference in the United States that existed from 1914 to 1996. Composed primarily of schools from Texas, at times the conference included schools from Oklahoma. After a long period of stability, Arkansas left in 1991 to join the Southeastern Conference, by March 1,1914 a number of schools had responded favorably to the idea. The first organizational meeting of the conference was set to be held on April 30,1914, the date was changed because representatives from every school could not make it then. It was ultimately held on May 5 and 7,1914 at the Oriental Hotel in Dallas, Texas and it was chaired by L. Theo Bellmont. Originally, Bellmont wanted Louisiana State University and the University of Mississippi to join the conference as well, the Southwest Intercollegiate Athletic Conference became an official body on December 8,1914, at a formal meeting at the Rice Hotel in Houston. Rice University left the conference in 1916, only to re-join in 1918, phillips University was a conference member for one year. Oklahoma left in 1919 to join the Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association, however, the series between Texas and Oklahoma would continue as a non-conference matchup in the annual Red River Rivalry game held in Dallas. From 1925 until 1991, the University of Arkansas would be the only member not located within the state of Texas. By 1925, the name was shortened to simply Southwest Conference. After its organizational years, the conference settled into regularly scheduled meetings among its members, the SWC would be guided by seven commissioners, the first of whom, P. W. St. Clair, was appointed in 1938. In 1940, the conference took control of the then five-year-old Cotton Bowl Classic, Texas Technological College joined the SWC in 1958, followed by the University of Houston for the 1976 season. The conference celebrated its glory years in the 1960s, dominated by two teams, Texas and Arkansas. Texas won the 1963 National Championship, and Arkansas won a National Championship in 1964 in the Football Writers Association of America, in 1969, Texas won another National Championship by beating #2-ranked Arkansas 15-14 in the regular seasons final game. The 1969 Arkansas-Texas game in Fayetteville, Arkansas, attended by President Richard Nixon, is counted among the greatest college football games ever played. Texas also won the 1970 United Press International National Championship, which until 1974 was awarded prior to the bowl games, opponents usually were the runners-up from the Big 8 Conference or the Southeastern Conference, although independents Penn State and Notre Dame were also often featured. From the 1940s onward, the Cotton Bowl Classic was counted among the four bowl games. However, in the 1990s, the game declined in importance, in 1977, Notre Dame became the last team to win a national championship in the Cotton Bowl Classic by beating Texas in the January 1978 game

3.
Frank Broyles
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John Franklin Broyles is a former American football player and coach, athletics administrator, and broadcaster. He served as the football coach at the University of Missouri in 1957. Broyles also was Arkansas athletic director from 1974 until his retirement on December 31,2007, as a head football coach, Broyles compiled a record of 149–62–6. His mark of 144–58–5 in 19 seasons is the most for any coach in Arkansas history, with Arkansas, Broyles won seven Southwest Conference titles and his 1964 team was named a national champion by a number of selectors including the Football Writers Association of America. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1983, after his graduation from Decatur Boys High School, Broyles studied at Georgia Tech, where he was a quarterback from 1944 to 1946. He graduated from Georgia Tech with a degree in Industrial Management and he led the Georgia Tech football team to four bowl appearances. He was named Southeastern Conference Player of the Year in 1944, Broyles was later drafted by the Chicago Bears in the third round of the 1946 NFL Draft. Broyles entered coaching in 1947 as an assistant coach under head coach Bob Woodruff at Baylor University, in 1950, Broyles followed Woodruff when the latter took the head coach position at the University of Florida. In 1951, he left Florida and returned to Georgia Tech as an coordinator under coach Bobby Dodd. Broyles sought the head coaching position at Northwestern University in 1954, Broyles stayed at Missouri only one season when he was offered the head coaching job at Arkansas. During his many decades there he was offered other major coaching and leadership positions, during his tenure at Arkansas Broyles coached the Razorbacks to seven Southwest Conference championships and two Cotton Bowl Classic wins. His 1964 team was proclaimed national champions by the Football Writers Association of America and he still holds the record for most wins by a head coach in the history of Arkansas football. During the 1960s and 1970s one of footballs most intense rivalries was between Broyles Razorbacks and the University of Texas Longhorns under legendary coach Darrell Royal. Broyles time as a broadcaster at ABC lasted from 1977 to 1985, Broyles commentary was normally focused on play calling and coaching strategy, and while paired with Jackson, resulted in an all-Georgian booth (Jackson is a native of Roopville. In 1974 Broyles was appointed Mens Athletic Director of the University of Arkansas, Broyles continued as head football coach for three years. Since stepping down as coach, the University of Arkansas mens athletic programs. The Razorbacks have won 57 Southwest Conference championships and 47 Southeastern Conference championships while he has been athletic director. As athletic Director of Arkansas Broyles cancelled the mens swimming and diving program to new regulations from the SEC of having two more womens sports than mens sports

4.
Razorback Stadium
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The stadium was formerly known as Razorback Stadium since 1941 before being renamed in 2001 in honor of Donald W. Reynolds, an American businessman and philanthropist. The playing field in the stadium is named the Frank Broyles Field, honoring former Arkansas head football coach, Razorback Stadium increased the seating capacity from 50,019 to 72,000 during the 2000-2001 renovations. Before 1938, the Razorbacks played in a 300-seat stadium built in 1901 on land on top of The Hill, which is now occupied by Mullins Library and the Fine Arts Center. The new stadium cost approximately $492,000 and was funded by the Works Progress Administration, the stadium opened for the 1938 football season as University Stadium, holding a capacity of 13,500 spectators. In the home opener for the Razorbacks, the Razorbacks defeated Oklahoma A&M by a score of 27–7 on September 24,1938. The following week, Arkansas dedicated the stadium to then sitting Arkansas Governor Carl E. Bailey on October 3,1938, following Governor Baileys defeat in the 1940 gubernatorial election to Homer Martin Adkins, the stadiums name was changed in 1941 to Razorback Stadium. Broyles awarded the contract to Heery International with local support from the Wittenberg, DeLoney. The renovation was funded by the Donald W. Reynolds Foundation. What was then the largest LED display in a sports venue, the expansion was completed before the beginning of the 2001 football season, increasing the permanent seating capacity to 72,000 from its previous capacity of 51,000 seats. 4,000 bleacher seats were added in the end zone upper deck bringing capacity to just over 76,000 with the new expansion. In honor of the Reynolds Foundations generosity, the stadium was formally renamed Donald W. Reynolds Razorback Stadium on September 8,2001, where Arkansas lost to Tennessee by a score of 13–3. On November 3,2007, the date of the last Fayetteville home game of the 2007 football season, a major renovation to the stadium was proposed in 2011 by Athletic Director Jeff Long, unveiling the plans to enclose the north end zone. The proposed renovation is estimated at $78 million to $95 million, a new upgrade to the stadium for the 2012 season increased the size to 38 by 167 feet, from the previous LED screen size of 30 by 107 feet. The upgrade was contracted through LSI Industries, since 1948, home games were divided between two venues, Razorback Stadium and War Memorial Stadium in Little Rock, Arkansas. Athletic director Frank Broyles wanted to move all games to Razorback Stadium to help pay off the $30 million bond that was to be used for expanding and renovating the stadium in 1999. Broyles pointed out that the expanded Razorback Stadium would increase revenue to $3 million per game compared to the $2 million per game for playing at War Memorial Stadium. However, Little Rock investors did not like the idea of moving all home games to Fayetteville and countered with an offer to renovate, also, Little Rock investor Warren Stephens threatened to discontinue his familys support for the program if games were pulled from Little Rock. After listening to both Chuck Neinas and Stephens in January 2000, the University of Arkansas Board of Trustees voted 9-1 to sign a contract with the owners of War Memorial Stadium

5.
War Memorial Stadium (Arkansas)
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War Memorial Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Little Rock, Arkansas. The Arkansas State University Red Wolves have in the past played a few games there, War Memorial Stadium finished construction in 1947 and had a seating capacity of 31,075. On September 19,1948, the stadium was dedicated by former Arkansas Razorback. Britt dedicated the stadium to the memory of her native sons, following the dedication ceremony, the first game at the stadium commenced, where the Arkansas Razorbacks defeated the Abilene Christian Wildcats by a score of 40–6. War Memorial Stadium has added numerous improvements to the stadium and to the playing field, a complete lighting system and an Astroturf surface were installed for the 1970 season. A new artificial surface was installed in 1974 and also prior to the 1984 season. Artificial turf was reinstalled prior to the 2002 season when AstroPlay was installed, a new scoreboard and video screen were added prior to the 2005 football season and the field was later upgraded to field turf in 2006. Renovations to the facility and press box began on December 14,2009. The renovations cost approximately $7.3 million and was completed in August 2010, AT&T signed a sponsorship agreement with the War Memorial Stadium Commission to name the playing field AT&T Field on June 23,2010. The naming rights of the field last for at least five years with an option for a 10-year agreement. With this agreement, War Memorial Stadium will earn $175,000 per year for the first five years with a 2. 5% annual increase after the five years. In addition to athletics, the stadium has used for a variety of other purposes including musical concerts. In 1995, Billy Joel and Elton John performed to a crowd of 41,274. Other artists who had performed at the stadium are The Eagles, The Rolling Stones, George Strait, reverend Billy Graham conducted his evangelistic crusades to thousands of listeners at the stadium that included a young Bill Clinton in 1959. Graham returned to the stadium in 1989, months prior to the 1956 collegiate football season, the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics began searching for cities to host the inaugural NAIA championship game. As it appeared that the game was headed to Shreveport, Louisiana. This would cause the NAIA to look for another city to host the game because some of their member colleges had African-American athletes. War Memorial Stadium general manager Allen Berry had already begun to get local business to support for the game and the Little Rock Chamber of Commerce raised $25,000 to back the game

6.
1970 Arkansas Razorbacks football team
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The 1970 Arkansas Razorbacks football team represented the University of Arkansas in the Southwest Conference during the 1970 college football season. The team finished the season ranked #11 in the final AP Poll, tackle Dick Bumpas was a consensus All-American for Arkansas in 1970, with Chuck Dicus also earning first-team honors. Bill McClard averaged 7.3 points per game from the kicking position, McClard converted on 50 of 51 extra points and 10 of 15 field goals. McClard connected on a 60-yard field goal against the Mustangs of SMU and this is the third-longest field goal in Arkansas history. Quarterback Bill Montgomery completed 80% of his pass attempts against Oklahoma State, Arkansas gained 658 yards against TCU, the third most in the history of the Razorbacks

7.
Rice Owls football
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The Rice Owls football team represents Rice University in NCAA Division I college football. The Owls have competed in Conference USAs Western Division since 2005, Rice Stadium, built in 1950, hosts the Owls home football games. Rice Stadium was built in 1950, and has been the home of Owls football ever since and it hosted the NFL Super Bowl on January 1974. It replaced the old Rice Field to increase seating, total seating capacity in the current stadium was reduced from 70,000 to 47,000 before the 2006 season. The endzone seating benches were removed and covered with tarps, and all of the bleachers were replaced with new, metal seating benches in 2006. The stadium is currently undergoing further renovations. The Owls played in the eighteenth Cotton Bowl Classic against the Crimson Tide of Alabama, referee Cliff Shaw saw Lewis come off the bench and gave the Owls the 95 yard touchdown. Rice would win the game 28-6, with the only Crimson Tide score coming from Lewis, the yardage added to Moegles 265 yards rushing, a Cotton Bowl Classic record that would stand until Tony Temples effort in 2008. This would be the Owls last bowl win until the 2008 Texas Bowl, Rice Stadium also hosted a speech by John F. Kennedy on September 12,1962. In it, he used the Rice football team to challenge America to send a man to the moon, but why, some say, the moon. Why choose this as our goal, and they may well ask why climb the highest mountain. Why,35 years ago, fly the Atlantic and we choose to go to the moon. The rivalry is because Rice and SMU were two of four schools in the old Southwest Conference. Rice participates in a rivalry with Houston. UH and Rice play annually for the Bayou Bucket, a weathered bucket found by former Rice guard Fred Curry at an antique shop, Curry had it designed into a trophy for $310. The two universities are separated by five miles in Houston, the Cougars lead the series 29-11. The Cougars 2013 move from Conference USA to the American Athletic Conference has jeopardized the status of the series though, it is scheduled to resume in 2017. Rice and Texas have maintained a largely one-sided rivalry beginning in the days of the Southwest Conference. Texas 28 consecutive victories from 1966–1993 represents the sixth longest single-opponent winning streak in football history

8.
1971 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team
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The Texas Tech Red Raiders football teams represented Texas Tech University in the college football seasons of 1925/26 to 1980/81. Originally, the teams played their games at South Plains Fairgrounds. Beginning with the home game of the 1926/27 season, they moved to Tech Field. Later, they began playing games at Clifford B. From 1925 to 1936, the teams were called the Matadors, in a 2013 poll, the 1953,1973, and 1976 seasons were all nominated as being the best seasons in Texas Tech football history. The 1973 team defeated the 2008 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team by a margin of 53. 2% to 46. 8%, Source, Source, Source, Source, Source, Source, Source, Source, Source, Texas Tech wins its second Border Conference championship. Texas Tech wins its third Border Conference championship, Texas Tech wins its fourth Border Conference championship. Texas Tech wins its fifth Border Conference championship, Texas Tech wins its sixth Border Conference championship. Texas Tech wins its seventh Border Conference championship, Texas Tech wins its eighth Border Conference championship. Texas Tech wins its ninth Border Conference championship

9.
University of Arkansas
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The University of Arkansas is a public, co-educational, land-grant, space-grant, research university in Fayetteville, in the U. S. state of Arkansas. More than 26,000 students are enrolled in over 188 undergraduate, graduate and it is classified by the Carnegie Foundation as a research university with highest research activity. Founded as Arkansas Industrial University in 1871, its present name was adopted in 1899 and it is noted for its strong architecture, agriculture, business, communication disorders, creative writing, history, law, and Middle Eastern studies programs. Enrollment for the semester of 2014 was 26,237. Academic programs are in excess of 200, the ratio of students to faculty is approximately 19,1. The University of Arkansas was founded in 1871 on the site of a farm that overlooked the Ozark Mountains. The university was established under the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act of 1862, the universitys founding also satisfied the provision in the Arkansas Constitution of 1868 that the General Assembly was to establish and maintain a State University. Bids from state towns and counties determined the universitys location, the citizens of Fayetteville and Washington County. Pledged $130,000 toward securing the university, a sum that proved to be more than other offers, classes started on January 22,1872. Completed in 1875, Old Main, a brick building designed in the Second Empire style, was the primary instructional. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and its design was based on the plans for the main academic building at the University of Illinois, which has since been demolished. However, the clock and bell towers were switched at Arkansas, the northern taller tower is the bell tower, and the southern shorter tower is the clock tower. One legend for the switch is that the taller tower was put to the north as a reminder of the Union victory during the Civil War. A second legend is that the contractor accidentally swapped the tower drawings after having had too much to drink, although the southern tower was designed with clock faces, it never held a working clock until October 2005. The bell tower has always had some type of chime, initially a bell that was rung on the hour by student volunteers, electronic chimes were installed in 1959. In addition to the chimes of the clock, the universitys Alma Mater plays at 5 pm every day. Old Main housed many of the earliest classes at the university, the lawn at Old Main serves as an arboretum, with many of the trees native to the state of Arkansas found on the lawn. Sitting at the edge of the lawn is Spoofers Stone, a place for couples to meet, students play soccer, cricket and touch football on the lawns open green

10.
United Press International
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At its peak, it had more than 6,000 media subscribers. It was headed by Hugh Baillie from 1935 to 1955, at the time of his retirement, UP had 2,900 clients in the United States, and 1,500 abroad. In 1958 it became United Press International after absorbing the International News Service, at its peak, UPI had more than 2,000 full-time employees, and 200 news bureaus in 92 countries, it had more than 6,000 media subscribers. With the rising popularity of news, the business of UPI began to decline as the circulation of afternoon newspapers, its chief client category. Its decline accelerated after the 1982 sale of UPI by the Scripps company, the E. W. Scripps Company controlled United Press until its absorption of William Randolph Hearsts smaller competing agency, INS, in 1958 to form UPI. With the Hearst Corporation as a minority partner, UPI continued under Scripps management until 1982, since its sale in 1982, UPI has changed ownership several times and was twice in Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization. With each change in ownership came deeper service and staff cutbacks and changes of focus, since the 1999 sale of its broadcast client list to its one-time major rival, the AP, UPI has concentrated on smaller information market niches. It no longer services media organizations in a major way, in 2000, UPI was purchased by News World Communications, an international news media company founded in 1976 by Unification Church leader Sun Myung Moon. It now maintains a website and photo service and electronically publishes several information product packages. It also sells a premium service, which has deeper coverage and analysis of emerging threats, the security industry, UPIs content is presented in text, video and photo formats, in the English, Spanish and Arabic languages. UPIs main office is in the Miami metropolitan area and it maintains office locations in five countries and uses freelance journalists in other major cities. Beginning with the Cleveland Press, publisher E. W. Scripps created the first chain of newspapers in the United States, Scripps also hoped to make a profit from selling that news to papers owned by others. At that time and until World War II, most newspapers relied on news agencies for stories outside their geographic areas. Despite strong newspaper industry opposition, UP started to sell news to the new and competitive radio medium in 1935, years before competitor AP, controlled by the newspaper industry, Scripps United Press was considered a scrappy alternative news source to the AP. UP reporters were called Unipressers and were noted for their aggressive and competitive streak. UP became a training ground for generations of journalists. Walter Cronkite, who started with United Press in Kansas City, gained fame for his coverage of World War II in Europe and that was part of the spirit. But we knew we could do a good job despite that

11.
California Golden Bears football
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The California Golden Bears football team is the college football team of the University of California, Berkeley. The team plays its games at California Memorial Stadium. Memorial Stadium was built to honor Berkeley alumni, students, and other Californians who died in World War I, Memorial Stadium was named one of the 40 best college football stadiums by the Sporting News. Football was first played on the Berkeley campus in 1882, albeit in a form that resembled rugby and it was not until 1886 that American football began play. It played its first annual rivalry game – known as The Big Game – against Stanford University in 1892 and this became one of oldest College rivalry games in the United States. Football was put on hiatus in 1906 when it was decided by the Theodore Roosevelt administration that American football was too dangerous a sport, Football returned for good in 1915 and Cal has fielded a team in every year since. The 1920s saw the first golden age of California football, as the Golden Bears went 50 straight games without a defeat from 1920 to 1925, as of 2010, this is the third-longest unbeaten streak in NCAA history. The 1920–1924 squads were so dominant that they were nicknamed The Wonder Teams and he is considered to be the greatest football coach in Golden Bears history. He is famous for his strategy of kick and wait for the breaks. Dying in 1925 with his University of California 10-year record of 74 wins,16 losses and 7 ties, during his time California won three NCAA recognized national titles, four Pacific Coast Conference championships and made three trips to the Rose Bowl. In 1921 it shutout Ohio State 28–0, in 1922 and while swimming in mud, it tied the huge underdog Washington & Jefferson College Presidents 0–0, for the sole tie in Rose Bowl history. One of the stars of this era was Harold Brick Muller, in 1960 the respected Helms Athletic Foundation crowned the 1920 Cal Bears as the greatest football team in American history. Andy Smith died shortly after the end of the 1925 season and his death was unexpected and traumatic for the team and the whole university. His replacement was his assistant coach Nibs Price, Price was first hired as a freshman coach in 1918. He recruited the dominant 1919 freshmen team that would become the core of the Wonder Team for the three years. In their first season without Smith, Cal had its first losing season since 1897, but by 1928, the team that was undefeated with six shutouts was invited to the Rose Bowl to play against Georgia Tech. While this team is considered to be one of the greats in Cal history and it has become the most famous moment in Rose Bowl history. In the second quarter, Californias defense forced a Georgia Tech fumble on their own 30-yard line, and the loose ball was scooped up by California center Roy Riegels

12.
Little Rock, Arkansas
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Little Rock is the capital and the most populous city of the U. S. state of Arkansas. It is also the county seat of Pulaski County and it was incorporated on November 7,1831, on the south bank of the Arkansas River close to the geographic center of the state. The city derives its name from a rock formation along the river, the capital of the Arkansas Territory was moved to Little Rock from Arkansas Post in 1821. The citys population was 193,524 at the 2010 census, Little Rock is a cultural, economic, government, and transportation center within Arkansas and the South. Little Rocks history is available through history museums, historic districts or neighborhoods like the Quapaw Quarter, the city is the headquarters of Dillards, Windstream Communications, Acxiom, Stephens Inc. University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Heifer International, the Clinton Foundation, other large corporations, such as Dassault Falcon Jet and LM Wind Power have large operations in the city. State government is an employer, with many offices being located in downtown Little Rock. Two Interstate highways, Interstate 30 and Interstate 40, meet in Little Rock, Little Rock derives its name from a small rock formation on the south bank of the Arkansas River called le petit rocher. The little rock was used by river traffic as a landmark. The little rock is across the river from big rock, a bluff at the edge of the river. Archeological artifacts provide evidence of Native Americans inhabiting Central Arkansas for thousands of years before Europeans arrived, the early inhabitants may have been the Folsom people, Bluff Dwellers, and Mississippian culture peoples who built earthwork mounds recorded in 1541 by Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto. Historical tribes of the area were the Caddo, Quapaw, Osage, Choctaw, Little Rock was named for a stone outcropping on the bank of the Arkansas River used by early travelers as a landmark. Le Petit Rocher, named in 1722 by French explorer and trader Jean-Baptiste Bénard de la Harpe, Travelers referred to the area as the Little Rock, and the landmark name stuck. Little Rock is located at 34°44′10″N 92°19′52″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 116.8 square miles, of which,116.2 square miles of it is land and 0.6 square miles of it is water. Little Rock is located on the bank of the Arkansas River in Central Arkansas. Fourche Creek and Rock Creek run through the city, and flow into the river, the western part of the city is located in the foothills of the Ouachita Mountains. Northwest of the city limits are Pinnacle Mountain and Lake Maumelle, the city of North Little Rock is located just across the river from Little Rock, but it is a separate city. North Little Rock was once the 8th ward of Little Rock, an Arkansas Supreme Court decision on February 6,1904, allowed the ward to merge with the neighboring town of North Little Rock

13.
Oklahoma State Cowboys football
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The Oklahoma State Cowboys football program represents Oklahoma State University–Stillwater in college football. The team is a member of the Big 12 Conference and competes at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level, the Cowboys are led by Mike Gundy, who is in his tenth year as head coach. Oklahoma State plays their games at Boone Pickens Stadium in Stillwater. The Oklahoma A&M Aggies played their first season of football in 1900 and joined their first conference for the start of the 1915 season, in 1925, the Oklahoma A&M program joined the Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association. In 1928, the MVIAA split into the Big Six Conference, A&M was the only large school that joined the smaller MVC. Jim Lookabaugh led the Cowboys for eleven seasons, which included a 9–0 campaign, Lookabaugh was an OSU alum who lettered in multiple sports. In October 2016, Oklahoma State was retroactively awarded the 1945 National Championship by the American Football Coaches Association, Lookabaugh stepped down after the 1949 season, finishing his tenure with a mark of 58–41–6. From 1950 to 1954, Jennings B, whitworth coached at Oklahoma A&M, and compiled a 22–27–1 record, which included only one winning season, a 7–3 campaign in 1953. Whitworth departed A&M to accept the coaching position at Alabama following the 1954 season. Cliff Speegle took the reins of the Oklahoma A&M Cowboys, under Speegles tutelage, the Cowboys compiled a record of 36–42–3, which included three winning seasons from 1957 to 1959. The losing record, combined with an 0–8 mark against rival Oklahoma, in 1956, A&M announced it was joining what had become the Big Seven for the 1958–59 academic year. As part of a period, the Cowboys went independent for two years. On May 15,1957, Oklahoma A&M changed its name to Oklahoma State University and they officially became a part of the renamed Big Eight Conference in 1958. Longtime Bear Bryant assistant Phil Cutchin led Oklahoma State to its first win over Oklahoma in 20 years, Cutchin was replaced by the OSU administration eager to see a winning product on the field. Oklahoma State continued to struggle under head coach Floyd Gass, an OSU alum, during his tenure, he led the team to three straight losing seasons. Fan and administration support became increasingly hard to come by as the on-field production slipped, despite the lack of football success, Gass would serve in multiple capactities at OSU, including athletics director for several years after his resignation as football coach. The Cowboys were finally able to enjoy a winning season —their first in nine years—in 1974 under the leadership of head coach Dave Smith, however, Smith wouldnt stick around, as he departed for the head coaching position at SMU after just one season in Stillwater. Jim Stanley, a defensive coordinator at OSU, returned to Stillwater to become the head coach of the Cowboys in 1973

14.
Tulsa Golden Hurricane football
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The Tulsa Golden Hurricane football program represents the University of Tulsa in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. Tulsa has competed in the American Athletic Conference since the 2014 season and was previously a member of Conference USA, the team is currently led by head coach Philip Montgomery. Tulsa plays its games at Skelly Field at H. A. Chapman Stadium in Tulsa. The University of Tulsa has the smallest undergraduate enrollment of all schools that participate at the FBS level, Tulsa was known as Henry Kendall College until the move from Muskogee to Tulsa was completed in 1907. It was during this time that the first football team would represent the University, the team would go 1–0, defeating the Bacone Indians. Both the exact date and score of the game were not recorded, over the next twelve years, Kendall would play 17 games, going 8–8–1, but not fielding a team for four years. The most common opponent was Arkansas, who met with Tulsa four times, now established in Tulsa, the football team began to grow. In 1913, Kendall went 5–2 under George Evans, sam P. McBirney, who coached the 2–31908 squad, would then return to coach the team in 1914. His first two years back would both be successful, a 6–2 record in 1914 and 6–1–1 the following year, but the undefeated 1916 squad would bring national recognition to Tulsa. The 1916 Hurricane outscored its opponents 566–40, including an 81–0 defeat of Cumberland, there were rumors of playing Notre Dame for the Mid-America Championship, but the two teams never met. Kendall College would return to form after World War I, to go 8–0–1 under Francis Schmidt, the new coach was known as Close the Gates of Mercy Schmidt because of his efforts to run up the score on inferior teams. The 1919 season gave Kendall their first defeat of the Oklahoma Sooners, ultimately, Schmidts style would cost Tulsa their coach, as he attracted the attention of University of Arkansas boosters with a 63–7 defeat of the Razorbacks in 1919. Schmidt would sign with and coach the Hogs from 1922–1928, howard Archer would leave his mark on the program in two ways. Tulsa did not miss a beat after Schmidts departure, and went 8–0 in 1922 and this included a 13–6 defeat of Schmidt-coached Arkansas in Fayetteville. Archer also gave the newly named University of Tulsa an athletic identity, previously, the team had been referred to as Orange and Black, Kendallites, Presbyterians, Tigers, and Tulsans. Archer put a vote to the team to replace Golden Tornadoes, the vote resulted in Golden Hurricane, which it has remained ever since. The coach would not have the power of his nickname, however. TU gave Henderson a large contract to leave the mighty Trojans of USC, the Hurricane had great success on and off the field under Henderson, going 62–17–3 in his first nine years, winning four Oklahoma Intercollegiate Conference championships

15.
Fayetteville, Arkansas
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Fayetteville is the third-largest city in Arkansas and county seat of Washington County. The city is located within the county and has been home of the University of Arkansas since the institutions founding in 1871. Fayetteville is on the outskirts of the Boston Mountains, deep within the Ozarks, known as Washington until 1829, the city was named after Fayetteville, Tennessee, from which many of the settlers had come. It was incorporated on November 3,1836 and was rechartered in 1867, the four-county Northwest Arkansas Metropolitan Statistical Area is ranked 105th in terms of population in the United States with 463,204 in 2010 according to the United States Census Bureau. The city had a population of 73,580 at the 2010 Census, at 1,400 feet of elevation, it is also one of the highest major US cites between the western Great Plains and the Appalachian Mountains. Fayetteville is home to the University of Arkansas, the states largest university, when classes are in session, thousands of students on campus dramatically change the citys demographics. Thousands of Arkansas Razorbacks alumni and fans travel to Fayetteville to attend football, basketball, the Universitys mens track and field program has won 41 national championships to date. Forbes also ranked Fayetteville as the 24th-best city for business and careers in 2016, lonely Planet named Fayetteville among its top 20 places to visit in the South in 2016. Based in nearby Bentonville, the Walmart corporation has dominated Fayettevilles economy, the city hosts the Wal-Mart Shareholders Meetings each year at the Bud Walton Arena. In 1828, George McGarrah settled at Big Spring with his family on the modern day corner of Spring and Willow, founding the town of Washington, on October 17, Washington County was established, Washington chosen as the county seat. The Washington Courthouse was finished in 1829, and also contained the post office, later in the year Postmaster Larkin Newton changed the name to the Fayetteville Courthouse, to avoid confusing with Washington, Hempstead County. Two councilmen selected to name the city were from Fayetteville, Tennessee and that original Fayetteville was named for General Lafayette, a French general who helped the colonies gain independence in the American Revolutionary War. The first store in Fayetteville was opened by John Nye in a building constructed by James Holmsley. In 1832 David Walker, Chief Justice of the Arkansas supreme court, in 1822 Archibald Yell, the second Governor of Arkansas, built a house and called it Waxhaw after his home in North Carolina. This was on the outskirts of town then but now is a named after him that connects College. The first hotels were the Burnside House and the Onstott House, Fayetteville was incorporated as a town on November 3,1836. In 1859, a city charter was obtained from the Legislature, during the Civil War the municipal government was suspended and was not reinstated until 1867. Rhea was the president of the trustees in 1836, J. W. Walker was the first mayor under the charter of 1859

16.
TCU Horned Frogs football
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The TCU Horned Frogs football team is the intercollegiate football team of Texas Christian University. The Horned Frogs compete in Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States, TCU began playing football in 1896 and claims national championships in 1935 and 1938. TCU has one Heisman Trophy winner, Davey OBrien, and has had eight former players inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame, the Horned Frogs play their home games in Amon G. Carter Stadium, which is located on the TCU campus in Fort Worth. TCU ranks as the 28th best college football program of all time, the Horned Frogs are also one of only four FBS teams to have played in all six College Football Playoff Bowls, winning all but the Fiesta and Orange. TCUs first year of football started on December 7,1896, TCU won its first game ever played by beating Tobys Business College to the score of 8–6, apparently not having to use any substitutes. TCU finished its first ever season with a record of 12–0–0, prior to joining the Southwest Conference in 1923, TCU amassed a record of 165–15–0. In 1912, TCU went 8–1–0 and scored 230 points while only allowing 53 points the whole season, in 1920, TCU won its first conference title as a member of the Texas Intercollegiate Athletic Association. The Horned Frogs 9–1–0 record earned them a spot in the Fort Worth Classic, also known as the Dixie Bowl, although the game was played in Fort Worth, Centre won the game 63–7. In 1923, TCU endured a 5-game winning streak during its first year in the SWC, but it earned a 2–1–0 conference record, one loss that year was a 40–21 decision against TCUs emerging rival, the SMU Mustangs, who went 9–0 en route to a conference championship. The next year, TCU finished second place in the conference with a 5–1 SWC record, after two great seasons, the Horned Frogs righted the ship. Prior to 1923 TCU had had a door of coaches. Following entrance to the SWC, the established a high degree of stability, employing just four coaches over the next 43 years. Under those four coaches (Bell, Schmidt, Meyer, and Martin, matty Bell, who began coaching the Frogs in 1923, had his best year in 1928, his last year as coach. That years only came at home 7–6 to the Baylor Bears. That year the Frogs finished in place in the conference at 8–2–0 overall. The 1929 season saw the arrival of Coach Francis Schmidt and TCUs first SWC title, the title was won in the last game of the year on November 30,1929 against SMU. Coming into the game TCU led SMU in the conference standings, TCU had 4 wins, while SMUs conference record was 3–0–1. Since this was the last conference game of the year for teams, TCU could win its first SWC title with a win or a tie

17.
Floyd Casey Stadium
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Floyd Casey Stadium was a stadium in Waco, Texas. It was primarily used for football, and was the field of the Baylor Bears. The stadium, located four miles from the Baylor University campus, cost $1.8 million to build. Originally named Baylor Stadium, it opened in 1950 with a Baylor game against the Houston Cougars, on December 7,2013, Baylor played its last game in the stadium, against the Texas Longhorns, where the attendance record of 51,728 was established. Baylor won 19 of its final 20 games played at the stadium, Casey of Dallas, who gave US$5 million towards an $8 million stadium renovation project. The stadium was renovated several times, in 1998, the stadium installed SportGrass, a leading artificial grass surface. In 2005, it underwent massive renovations to extend the Grant Teaff Plaza in honor of former head coach Grant Teaff, the extended plaza created much-needed updates to the stadiums façade. The stadium was an oval shape, running southeast-northwest, with large grandstands on the sidelines. The south end zone was cleared, with athletic marks painted on the ground, in 2004, a large tarp was installed that covered the south end zone and could be removed when ticket demand necessitated it. With the tarp in place seating capacity was reduced to 47,000, the north end zone had seating in front of the Carl & Thelma Casey Athletic Center, site of the football offices, training facilities, and stadium field house. Prior to the building of the stadium, the Baylor football team played at Carroll Field, an on-campus field last used in 1935, in the spring of 2012, Baylor regents approved a new on-campus stadium to be built on the Brazos River adjacent to Interstate 35. The demolition of the stadium was completed on May 14,2016

18.
Waco, Texas
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Waco is a city which is the county seat of McLennan County, Texas, United States. It is situated along the Brazos River and I-35, halfway between Dallas and Austin, the city had a 2010 population of 124,805, making it the 22nd-most populous city in the state. The US Census 2015 population estimate is 132,356, the Waco Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of McLennan and Falls Counties, which had a 2010 population of 234,906. Falls County was added to the Waco MSA in 2013, the US Census 2016 population estimate for the Waco MSA is 265,207. Indigenous peoples occupied areas along the river for thousands of years, in historic times, the area of present-day Waco was occupied by the Wichita Native American tribe known as the Waco. In 1824, Thomas M. Duke explored the area and reported to Stephen F. Austin, describing the Waco village and they have a spring almost as cold as ice itself. All we want is some Brandy and Sugar to have Ice Toddy and they have about 400 acres planted in corn, beans, pumpkins, and melons and that tended in good order. I think they cannot raise more than One Hundred Warriors, after Austin halted the first attempt to destroy their village in 1825, he made a treaty with them. The Waco eventually moved out of the region, settling north near present-day Fort Worth, in 1872, they joined other Wichita tribes on a reservation in Oklahoma. In 1902, the Waco received allotments of land and became official US citizens, neil McLennan settled in an area near the South Bosque River in 1838. Jacob De Cordova bought McLennans property and hired a former Texas Ranger, in 1849, Erath designed the first block of the city. Property owners wanted to name the city Lamartine, but Erath convinced them to name the area Waco Village, in March 1849, Shapley Ross built the first house in Waco, a double-log cabin, on a bluff overlooking the springs. His daughter Kate was the first white child to be born in Waco, in 1866, Wacos leading citizens embarked on an ambitious project to build the first bridge to span the wide Brazos River. They formed the Waco Bridge Company to build the 475-foot brick Waco Suspension Bridge, the economic effects of the Waco bridge were immediate and large. The cowboys and cattle-herds following the Chisholm Trail north, crossed the Brazos River at Waco, some chose to pay the Suspension Bridge toll, while others floated their herds down the river. The population of Waco grew rapidly, as immigrants now had a crossing for their horse-drawn carriages. Since 1971, the bridge has been only to pedestrian traffic and is in the National Register of Historic Places. In the late 19th century, a district called the Reservation grew up in Waco

19.
Texas Longhorns football
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The Texas Longhorns football program is the intercollegiate team representing the University of Texas at Austin in the sport of American football. The Longhorns compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision as a member of the Big 12 Conference, the team is coached by Tom Herman and home games are played at Darrell K Royal – Texas Memorial Stadium in Austin, Texas. Beginning in 1893, the Texas Longhorns football program is one of the most highly regarded and historic programs of all time. From 1937 to 1946 the team was led by Hall of Fame coach Dana X. Bible, and then from 1957 to 1976 the team was led by Hall of Fame coach Darrell K. Royal, who won three national championships. In 2012, the program was valued at $805 million. In 2008, ESPN ranked Texas as the seventh-most prestigious college football program since 1936, as of the end of the 2016 season, Texas all-time record is 891–359–33, which ranks as the second-most wins in NCAA Division I FBS history. Other NCAA records include 108 winning seasons out of 122 total seasons,23 seasons with 10 or more wins,9 undefeated seasons, and 26 seasons with at most one loss or tie. From 1936 to 2012, the Longhorns football teams have been in the AP or coaches rankings 66 out of 76 seasons, finishing those seasons ranked in the top twenty-five 48 times, Texas claims four Division I-A national championships and 32 conference championships. Seventeen Longhorns have been inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame, the Longhorns have played their home games in Darrell K Royal-Texas Memorial Stadium on Joe Jamail Field since 1924. The stadium is located on the campus of The University of Texas in Austin, the current DKR-Texas Memorial Stadium and Big 12 attendance record was set on September 4,2016 with 102,315 spectators. The final planned phase of the expansion includes the construction of permanent seating. However, the date of the construction phase to fully enclose the south end zone has not been set nor have any funds been raised. Before the Longhorns football team moved to DKR, they played their games at Clark Field from 1894 to 1924. Clark Field was a stadium located on the University of Texas campus. The Longhorns last game at Clark Field before moving to brand new Memorial Stadium occurred on October 25,1924, the Longhorns battled the Florida Gators to a 7–7 tie that day. The 1893 team did not always wear orange and they also wore gold and white uniforms. In 1895, the Texas Athletic Association moved to orange and white colors, in 1897, the Association moved to orange and maroon to save cleaning costs. The Cactus Yearbook at the time listed the University colors as either gold or orange and white until the 1899 Cactus declared the University colors to be gold, students at the Universitys medical branch in Galveston were in favor of royal blue

20.
North Texas Mean Green football
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North Texas Mean Green football program represents University of North Texas in the sport of American football. The Mean Green compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and they are coached by Seth Littrell, who started in 2016. North Texas has produced 24 conference championship titles, with eight bowl appearances. The Mean Green play their games at the Apogee Stadium which has a seating capacity of 30,850. Though coach Hayden Fry left the school in 1978 with a 9–3 season, he left it with a mounting athletics debt. In 1982, the university recognized that the program had a deficit of $1.6 million. After the school joined the Sun Belt Conference in 2001, Darrell Dickey briefly revived fortunes in Denton, the Mean Green played in the 2001 New Orleans Bowl despite a regular-season finish at 5–6 after winning the Sun Belt title with a 5–1 conference record. After going 2–9 and 3–9 in his eighth and ninth seasons, the school then hired Todd Dodge, who had been offensive coordinator at UNT from 1991 to 1992, on December 12,2006. His teams at UNT struggled to win, however, compiling a 6-37 record overall, after a 1–6 start to the 2010 season, the school fired Dodge. He was replaced by offensive coordinator Mike Canales as interim head coach, in 2011, the university hired Dan McCarney as head coach. On May 4,2012, the school held a conference announcing that it had accepted an invitation to join Conference USA beginning with the 2013–2014 season. The Mean Green finished 9-4 in their first season in Conference USA and they competed in the 2014 Heart of Dallas Bowl against the UNLV Rebels in which they won, 36-14. It was their first bowl game since 2004 and first win since 2002, after that loss, Dan McCarney was fired. Near the end of the season, North Texas hired the previous offensive coordinator at the University of North Carolina, Seth Littrell, since 2011, the Mean Green have played at Apogee Stadium, formerly named Mean Green Stadium. The team boasts a 17-11 record at the stadium and went 5-1 there in 2013, the average attendance was 21,030 at the stadium in 2013, the highest at the stadium and in the teams history. It is named after ResNet provider Apogee, who paid for the naming rights, the highest ever attended game at the stadium occurred on September 9,2011 for the inaugural game versus the Houston Cougars in which 28,075 saw the Mean Green fall to the Cougars. The stadium has never sold out, but is expandable to 50,000 if ever necessary. The stadium is viewed as one of the best smaller college football stadiums

21.
Texas A&M Aggies football
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The Texas A&M Aggies football program represents Texas A&M University in the sport of American football. The Aggies compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, Texas A&M football claims three national titles and eighteen conference titles. The team plays all games at the newly redeveloped Kyle Field. Kevin Sumlin is currently the head coach. Texas A&M first fielded a team in 1894, under the direction of head coach F. D. Perkins. The team compiled a 1–1 record, W. A. Murray served as A&Ms head coach from 1899-1901, compiling a record of 7–8–1. From 1902-1904, J. E. Platt served as A&Ms head coach, from 1909-1914, A&M compiled a 38–8–4 record under head coach Charley Moran. Morans 1909 team finished undefeated, and all but one of Morans other seasons the Aggies only lost one each year. Under head coach Edwin Harlan, the Aggies compiled a record of 12–5 in two seasons and joined the Southwest Conference, Bible became Texas A&Ms head coach in 1919, leaving LSU, and under his tutelage the Aggies compiled a record of 72–19–9 in ten seasons. In the 1922 Dixie Classic, Bible made his most visible, Bible had a roster of only eighteen players, who had to play both offense and defense against the heavily favored Centre College. He lost three players to early in the game, but the Aggies took the lead. The Aggies wouldnt need Gills help to win, but since then A&M students stand throughout football games to show their willingness to play if needed, Bible departed the Aggies after the 1928 season to accept the Nebraska head coaching position. After Bibles departure, A&M brought in Matty Bell from TCU to lead the Aggies football program, under Bells tutelage, the Aggies compiled a record of 24–21–3. However, the Aggies did not play up to the set by Dana Bibles tenure. Homer Norton was hired away from Centenary to replace Bell in 1934, A&M enjoyed great successes under Norton. The 1939 Texas A&M team went 11–0, beating Tulane in the Sugar Bowl, nortons record at Texas A&M was 82–53–9, giving him the second most wins of any coach in Texas A&M Aggies football history. Among the many stars that Norton developed were John Kimbrough and Joe Routt, Norton was fired in 1947 when his team went 3–6–1 and lost to archrival Texas for the eighth straight year. In December 1947, Harry Stiteler was promoted from running backs coach to coach for the Texas A&M football team following the firing of Homer Norton

22.
Rice Stadium (Rice University)
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Rice Stadium is an American football stadium located on the Rice University campus in Houston, Texas. It has been the home of the Rice Owls football team since its completion in 1950, architecturally, Rice Stadium is an example of modern architecture, with simple lines and an unadorned, functional design. The lower seating bowl is located below the ground level. Built solely for football, the stadium has excellent sightlines from almost every seat, to achieve this, the running track was eliminated so that spectators were closer to the action and each side of the upper decks was brought in at a concave angle to provide better sightlines. It is still recognized in many circles as the best stadium in Texas for watching a football game, entrances and aisles were strategically placed so that the entire stadium could be emptied of spectators in nine minutes. In 2006, Rice University upgraded the facility by switching from AstroTurf to FieldTurf, seating in the upper deck is in poor condition, which led the university to move home games for which large crowds were expected to nearby NRG Stadium. High school football games, especially neutral-site playoff games, are played at Rice Stadium. It can also be used as a concert venue, Rice Stadium replaced Rice Field, which had a total capacity of less than 37,000, in 1950. The new stadium was subsidized by the City of Houston, and it was designed by Hermon Lloyd & W. B. Morgan and Milton McGinty and built by Brown and Root. In addition to Rice, the University of Houston football team played at Rice Stadium from 1951 to 1965, the Houston Oilers also played in the stadium from 1965 to 1967. In 1974, Rice Stadium hosted Super Bowl VIII, in which the Miami Dolphins beat the Minnesota Vikings 24–7. It was the first Super Bowl played in Houston, and it would be 30 years later that the Super Bowl would return to Houston, on July 2,1988, Rice Stadium hosted a stop on the Monsters of Rock tour. The tour was headlined by Van Halen and also featured Metallica, Scorpions, Dokken and this was also the Texas World Music Festival. In the speech, he used a reference to Rice University football to help frame his rhetoric, But why, some say, why choose this as our goal. And they may ask, why climb the highest mountain. Why,35 years ago, fly the Atlantic and we choose to go to the moon. Kennedys comments implied Rice had a history of losing to Texas, however, as originally built, Rice Stadium seated 70,000, the second-largest stadium in the Southwest Conference. Rice Stadium was built before professional football came to Houston, and 70,000 fans might be expected to attend a football game there

23.
Houston
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Houston is the most populous city in the state of Texas and the fourth-most populous city in the United States. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 2.239 million within an area of 667 square miles, it also is the largest city in the southern United States and the seat of Harris County. Located in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico, it is the city of Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land. Houston was founded on August 28,1836, near the banks of Buffalo Bayou and incorporated as a city on June 5,1837. The city was named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had commanded, the burgeoning port and railroad industry, combined with oil discovery in 1901, has induced continual surges in the citys population. Houstons economy has an industrial base in energy, manufacturing, aeronautics. Leading in health care sectors and building equipment, Houston has more Fortune 500 headquarters within its city limits than any city except for New York City. The Port of Houston ranks first in the United States in international waterborne tonnage handled, the city has a population from various ethnic and religious backgrounds and a large and growing international community. Houston is the most diverse city in Texas and has described as the most diverse in the United States. It is home to cultural institutions and exhibits, which attract more than 7 million visitors a year to the Museum District. Houston has a visual and performing arts scene in the Theater District. In August 1836, two real estate entrepreneurs from New York, Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen, purchased 6,642 acres of land along Buffalo Bayou with the intent of founding a city. The Allen brothers decided to name the city after Sam Houston, the general at the Battle of San Jacinto. The great majority of slaves in Texas came with their owners from the slave states. Sizable numbers, however, came through the slave trade. New Orleans was the center of trade in the Deep South. Thousands of enslaved African Americans lived near the city before the Civil War, many of them near the city worked on sugar and cotton plantations, while most of those in the city limits had domestic and artisan jobs. Houston was granted incorporation on June 5,1837, with James S. Holman becoming its first mayor, in the same year, Houston became the county seat of Harrisburg County and the temporary capital of the Republic of Texas

24.
SMU Mustangs football
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The SMU Mustangs football program is a college football team that represents Southern Methodist University. The team competes in the NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision as a member of the American Athletic Conference, in June 1915, Ray Morrison became SMUs football, baseball, basketball, and track coach, in addition to being to a math instructor. The football team began as a member of the Texas Intercollegiate Athletic Association, the first game played by SMUs football team was a 13-2 victory over Hendrix College. After winning two games in a span of two seasons, Morrison left SMU for Fort Oglethorpe upon the United States’ entry into World War I, during this time, the football team was known as the Parsons, due to the large number of theology students on the team. On October 17,1917, the name Mustangs was selected as the schools mascot, for the 1917 season, Morrison would be replaced by J. Burton Rix, who would lead the Mustangs to a 3-2-3 record in their final season in the TIAA. The Mustangs’ first season in the conference ended with a 4-2 record. J. Burton Rix would continue to coach the team until the 1921 season, in which he was replaced by W. A. Cunningham and Victor Kelly, his co-coaches that season, as the team went on to lose six games. Ray Morrison would return to SMU in 1922, co-coaching the team with former Vanderbilt teammate Ewing Y, for the 1922 and 1923 seasons, Morrison would focus on the backfield and ends, while Freeland focused on the linemen. The team became known as the Aerial Circus by sportswriters because of Morrisons passing offense, Morrison would become known as the father of the forward pass, due to the teams use of passing on first and second downs, instead of as a play of last resort. At the time, most teams utilized the forward pass five to six times in one game, in the 1922 season, the Mustangs would compile a 6-3-1 record. Furthermore, end Gene Bedford and back Logan Stollenwerck were named first-team All-Southwest Conference, Bedford would go on to be the first player to play in the National Football League for the Rochester Jeffersons. In the 1923 season, the SMU Mustangs would go on to compile a perfect 9-0 record, after this season, Freeland would leave the SMU football team, later becoming head coach for the Texas Tech University football team, leaving Morrison as the sole head coach for SMU. SMU would go on to play in their first bowl game in 1924, playing in the Dixie Classic against West Virginia Wesleyan College, by 1926, the team began playing their home games at Ownby Stadium. In their first game at Ownby Stadium, the Mustangs defeated North Texas State Teachers College 42-0, the first Homecoming game would also be played in 1926, resulting in a 14-13 victory over Texas Christian University. The team would continue to have winning seasons until the 1932 season, the Mustangs would win their second conference title in 1926, compiling an 8-0-1 record, and a third conference title in 1931, compiling a 9-0-1 record. In 1928, guard Choc Sanders would become SMUs first All-American, in 1929, tackle Marion Hammon would become SMUs second All-American. After a winning 1934 season, Morrison left SMU to take over the Vanderbilt Commodores football team after the retirement of Dan McGugin, Morrison would be replaced by Matty Bell in 1935. Known as a coach, Bell brought discipline to his team

25.
Cotton Bowl (stadium)
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Cotton Bowl Stadium is an outdoor stadium in Dallas, Texas, south central United States, opening in 1930 at the site of the State Fair of Texas. Concerts or other events using a stage allow the field to be used for additional spectators. The Cotton Bowl was the home of the annual college football post-season bowl game known as the Cotton Bowl Classic. Starting on New Years Day 1937, it hosted the first 63 editions of the game, through January 2009, the game was moved to AT&T Stadium in Arlington in January 2010. The stadium has been home to football teams over the years, including, SMU Mustangs, Dallas Cowboys, Dallas Texans, Dallas Texans, and soccer teams, the Dallas Tornado. It was also one of the nine venues used for the 1994 FIFA World Cup and it became known as The House That Doak Built, due to the immense crowds that SMU running back Doak Walker drew to the stadium during his college career in the late 1940s. In their seventh season, the Cowboys hosted the Green Bay Packers for the NFL championship at the Cotton Bowl on January 1,1967. The college bowl game that year included SMU and was played the day before, New Years Eve, the two games were filled to the 75,504 capacity, but both local teams came up short. Artificial turf was installed in 1970 and removed in 1993 in preparation for the 1994 FIFA World Cup, the elevation of the playing field is approximately 450 feet above sea level. Construction began on Fair Park Stadium in 1930 in Fair Park, completed that year, the first game in the stadium was between Dallas-area high schools in October 1930. Built for a cost of US$328,000, the stadium held 45,507 spectators, in 1936, the name officially changed to the Cotton Bowl. In 1948, the stadium was decked on the west side, the east side was decked the following year, increasing capacity to 75,504. These decks were added to respond to the demand for fans to watch SMU halfback Doak Walker, the superstructure was also built at this time, creating the distinctive facade for the stadium. In 1968, chair-backs were installed, reducing capacity to 72,032, in 1970, the Cotton Bowl installed an AstroTurf surface, which remained until 1993. In 1950, as a way to break the Texas League record for attendance, Richard Burnett got permission to play in the Cotton Bowl. In order to draw a big crowd, he wanted a lineup of stars to don Dallas Eagles uniforms. Most of the stars were cool to the idea, except for then-current Dallas Eagles manager Charlie Grimm. When the legendary Ty Cobb agreed to come to Dallas, the others followed his lead, preceding the game was a parade through downtown Dallas

26.
Dallas
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Dallas is a major city in the U. S. state of Texas. It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the citys population ranks ninth in the U. S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio. The citys prominence arose from its importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries. The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat, however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties. According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816, the United States Census Bureaus estimate for the citys population increased to 1,300,092 as of July 1,2015. In 2016 DFW ascended to the one spot in the nation in year-over-year population growth. In 2014, the metropolitan economy surpassed Washington, D. C. to become the fifth largest in the U. S. with a 2014 real GDP over $504 billion, as such, the metropolitan areas economy is the 10th largest in the world. As of January 2017, the job count has increased to 3,558,200 jobs. The citys economy is based on banking, commerce, telecommunications, technology, energy, healthcare and medical research. The city is home to the third-largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies in the nation. Located in North Texas, Dallas is the core of the largest metropolitan area in the South. Dallas and nearby Fort Worth were developed due to the construction of railroad lines through the area allowing access to cotton, cattle. Later, France also claimed the area but never established much settlement, the area remained under Spanish rule until 1821, when Mexico declared independence from Spain, and the area was considered part of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. In 1836, the Republic of Texas, with majority Anglo-American settlers, in 1839, Warren Angus Ferris surveyed the area around present-day Dallas. John Neely Bryan established a permanent settlement near the Trinity River named Dallas in 1841, the origin of the name is uncertain. The Republic of Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845, Dallas was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1856. With construction of railroads, Dallas became a business and trading center and it became an industrial city, attracting workers from Texas, the South and the Midwest. The Praetorian Building of 15 stories, built in 1909, was the first skyscraper west of the Mississippi and it marked the prominence of Dallas as a city

27.
Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium
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Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium, originally Memphis Memorial Stadium, is a football stadium located at the former Mid-South Fairgrounds in the Midtown area of Memphis, Tennessee, United States. The stadium is the site of the annual AutoZone Liberty Bowl and it has also been the host of several attempts at professional sports in the city, as well as other local football games and other gatherings. The fairgrounds also included the now-defunct Mid-South Coliseum as well as the now-closed Libertyland amusement park and it was dedicated as a memorial to the citizens of Memphis who had served in World War I, World War II, and the Korean War. The facility was partially as a way to bring the Liberty Bowl to a permanent home in Memphis. The game was such a success for Memphis that the stadium was renamed Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in 1976, as originally built, the stadium was lopsided, with the southwest side being taller than the northeast side. A1987 expansion brought it to its current, balanced configuration and its design is similar to that of old Tampa Stadium, with the endzone grandstands being much shorter than the sidelines. The field, which had natural grass since its inception, was replaced with a FieldTurf surface before the 2005 season. The stadium is designed in such a way all of its seats have a relatively good view of most of the playing surface. This is due primarily to two design factors, the stands are relatively steep for a one-tier, true bowl stadium. Also, there is space between the side and end lines of the playing surface and the stands. In December 1983, the field was renamed Rex Dockery Field in honor of Rex Dockery. The stadium played host to The Monsters of Rock Festival Tour, featuring Van Halen, Scorpions, Dokken, Metallica, since its opening, the stadium has hosted the Memphis Tigers football team from the University of Memphis. Before this, the team had spent 28 seasons at Crump Stadium and it was not the first time the team had played at the fairgrounds, before playing at Crump, the team had played two seasons there at a former park. As of the start of the 2006 season, the team has a 130-106-7 record at the stadium, also since its opening, the stadium has hosted the Liberty Bowl game. It has usually hosted a Southern team playing against an at-large team, since 1997, the game has been hosted by the champion of Conference USA, of which the Tigers were a member until 2012. From 1998 to 2003, the opponent was the champion of the Mountain West Conference and this arrangement was ended, however, partially because in the last two years of the agreement, the Mountain West Champion declined to play in the game. The University of Utah turned down the 2004 bid to accept a bid to the BCS, the winner of the Western Athletic Conference, Boise State, took the bid instead. In 2005, Fresno State took the bid as a team after Mountain West Champion TCU instead chose to play in the Houston Bowl

28.
Memphis, Tennessee
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Memphis is a city in the southwestern corner of the U. S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Shelby County. The city is located on the fourth Chickasaw Bluff, south of the confluence of the Wolf, Memphis had a population of 653,450 in 2013, making it the largest city in the state of Tennessee. It is the largest city on the Mississippi River, the third largest in the greater Southeastern United States, the greater Memphis metropolitan area, including adjacent counties in Mississippi and Arkansas, had a 2014 population of 1,317,314. This makes Memphis the second-largest metropolitan area in Tennessee, surpassed by metropolitan Nashville, Memphis is the youngest of Tennessees major cities, founded in 1819 as a planned city by a group of wealthy Americans including judge John Overton and future president Andrew Jackson. A resident of Memphis is referred to as a Memphian, and the Memphis region is known, particularly to media outlets, as Memphis and the Mid-South. Occupying a substantial bluff rising from the Mississippi River, the site of Memphis has been a location for human settlement by varying cultures over thousands of years. The historic Chickasaw Indian tribe, believed to be their descendants, French explorers led by René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle and Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto would encounter the Chickasaw in that area, in the 16th century. J. D. L. Chickasaw Bluffs, located on the Mississippi River at the present day location of Memphis, spain and the United States vied for control of this site, which was a favorite of the Chickasaws. The United States gained the right to navigate the Mississippi River, the Spanish dismantled the fort, shipping its lumber and iron to their locations in Arkansas. Captain Isaac Guion led an American force down the Ohio River to claim the land, by this time, the Spanish had departed. The forts ruins went unnoticed twenty years later when Memphis was laid out as a city, the city of Memphis was founded on May 22,1819 by John Overton, James Winchester and Andrew Jackson. They named it after the ancient capital of Egypt on the Nile River, Memphis developed as a trade and transportation center in the 19th century because of its flood-free location high above the Mississippi River. Located in the delta region along the river, its outlying areas were developed as cotton plantations. The cotton economy of the antebellum South depended on the labor of large numbers of African-American slaves. Through the early 19th century, one million slaves were transported from the Upper South, Many were transported by steamboats along the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. This gave planters and cotton brokers access to the Atlantic Coast for shipping cotton to England, the citys demographics changed dramatically in the 1850s and 1860s under waves of immigration and domestic migration. Due to increased immigration since the 1840s and the Great Famine, ethnic Irish made up 9.9 percent of the population in 1850, but 23.2 percent in 1860, when the total population was 22,623. They had encountered considerable discrimination in the city but by 1860 and they also gained many elected and patronage positions in the Democratic Party city government, and an Irish man was elected as mayor before the Civil War

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Liberty Bowl
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The Liberty Bowl is an annual U. S. American college football game played in late December or early January since 1959. Since 1965, the game has held at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis. For its first five years, it was played in Philadelphia, since 2004, the game has been sponsored by Memphis-based auto parts retailer AutoZone. Because of the scheduling of the game near the end of the calendar year, no game was played during calendar years 2008 or 2015. A. F. Bud Dudley, a former Villanova athletic-director, the game was played at Philadelphias Municipal Stadium. It was the only bowl game of its time, and was plagued by poor attendance. The inaugural game was the most successful of the five held in Philadelphia, a group of Atlantic City businessmen convinced Dudley to move his game from Philadelphia to Atlantic Citys Convention Hall for 1964 and guaranteed Dudley $25,000. It would be the first major bowl game played indoors, astroTurf was still in its developmental stages and was unavailable for the game. Convention Hall was equipped with a 4-inch-thick grass surface with two inches of burlap underneath it on top of concrete, to keep the grass growing, artificial lighting was installed and kept on 24 hours a day. The entire process cost about $16,000, end-zones were only 8 yards long. 6,059 fans saw Utah rout West Virginia, Dudley was paid $25,000 from Atlantic City businessmen, $60,000 from the gate, and $95,000 from television revenues, for $10,000 net profit. Dudley moved the game to Memphis in 1965, where it has made its home at what became Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium to much larger crowds and has established itself as one of the oldest non-BCS bowls. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Liberty Bowl offered an invitation to the winner of the Commander-in-Chiefs Trophy. Beginning in 1996, the Liberty Bowl began an affiliation with the newly-launched Conference USA, beginning in 2005, the winner of C-USA was determined by the newly-created C-USA championship game. The winner of game was customarily offered the bowl berth from 2005-2013. In 1996 and 1997, the opponent for the C-USA champion was a team from the Big East, in 1998, the Liberty Bowl replaced the Holiday Bowl in a shared contract with the Cotton Bowl and had second choice between the WAC champion and a team from the SEC. From 1999 to 2005, the opponent for the C-USA champion was the Mountain West champion, there were two exceptions,2004, Mountain West champion Utah qualified for the BCS

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Glossary of American football
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The following terms are used in American football, both conventional and indoor. Some of these terms are also in use in Canadian football, for a list of unique to that code. 2-4-5 defense A type of formation with two linemen, four linebackers, and five defensive backs. More common among teams with 3-4 base defenses than the 3-3-5 and this maximizes versatility for the defense against three- and four-WR offensive sets. A safety will often cover the fourth receiver, and a linebacker will cover the end or halfback. The 2-4-5 is most often used against the offense, when substituting players may be difficult. 3–3–5 defense A variation of the formation with three linemen, three linebackers, and five defensive backs. 3–4 defense A defensive formation with three linemen and four linebackers, a professional derivative in the 1970s of the earlier Oklahoma or 50 defense, which had five linemen and two linebackers. The 3-4 outside linebackers resemble stand-up ends in the older defense and it is sometimes pronounced thirty-four defense. 4–3 defense A defensive formation with four linemen and three linebackers, first used by coaches Joe Kuharich and Tom Landry. It is sometimes pronounced forty-three defense,46 defense Usually pronounced forty-six defense, a formation of the 4-3 defense featuring several dramatic shifts of personnel. The remaining safety, which is the safety, stays in the backfield. It was invented by Buddy Ryan during his tenure as defensive coordinator for the Chicago Bears and was popularized by the Bears during their Super Bowl XX championship season,50 defense or 5-2 defense A once popular college defense with five defensive linemen and two linebackers. Also known as the Oklahoma defense, it is very similar to the 3-4. In the 50 defense, the uses a nose tackle. It maximizes size along the line of scrimmage and is used in high school against teams that run the ball a lot. 53-man roster The most players a National Football League team can carry on its roster at the start of the regular season. To reach the deadline, teams can cut players, add players to their practice squad, 7-box or 7-2-2 defense A defensive formation with seven linemen, two linebackers, and two defensive backs

31.
Donald W. Reynolds Razorback Stadium
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The stadium was formerly known as Razorback Stadium since 1941 before being renamed in 2001 in honor of Donald W. Reynolds, an American businessman and philanthropist. The playing field in the stadium is named the Frank Broyles Field, honoring former Arkansas head football coach, Razorback Stadium increased the seating capacity from 50,019 to 72,000 during the 2000-2001 renovations. Before 1938, the Razorbacks played in a 300-seat stadium built in 1901 on land on top of The Hill, which is now occupied by Mullins Library and the Fine Arts Center. The new stadium cost approximately $492,000 and was funded by the Works Progress Administration, the stadium opened for the 1938 football season as University Stadium, holding a capacity of 13,500 spectators. In the home opener for the Razorbacks, the Razorbacks defeated Oklahoma A&M by a score of 27–7 on September 24,1938. The following week, Arkansas dedicated the stadium to then sitting Arkansas Governor Carl E. Bailey on October 3,1938, following Governor Baileys defeat in the 1940 gubernatorial election to Homer Martin Adkins, the stadiums name was changed in 1941 to Razorback Stadium. Broyles awarded the contract to Heery International with local support from the Wittenberg, DeLoney. The renovation was funded by the Donald W. Reynolds Foundation. What was then the largest LED display in a sports venue, the expansion was completed before the beginning of the 2001 football season, increasing the permanent seating capacity to 72,000 from its previous capacity of 51,000 seats. 4,000 bleacher seats were added in the end zone upper deck bringing capacity to just over 76,000 with the new expansion. In honor of the Reynolds Foundations generosity, the stadium was formally renamed Donald W. Reynolds Razorback Stadium on September 8,2001, where Arkansas lost to Tennessee by a score of 13–3. On November 3,2007, the date of the last Fayetteville home game of the 2007 football season, a major renovation to the stadium was proposed in 2011 by Athletic Director Jeff Long, unveiling the plans to enclose the north end zone. The proposed renovation is estimated at $78 million to $95 million, a new upgrade to the stadium for the 2012 season increased the size to 38 by 167 feet, from the previous LED screen size of 30 by 107 feet. The upgrade was contracted through LSI Industries, since 1948, home games were divided between two venues, Razorback Stadium and War Memorial Stadium in Little Rock, Arkansas. Athletic director Frank Broyles wanted to move all games to Razorback Stadium to help pay off the $30 million bond that was to be used for expanding and renovating the stadium in 1999. Broyles pointed out that the expanded Razorback Stadium would increase revenue to $3 million per game compared to the $2 million per game for playing at War Memorial Stadium. However, Little Rock investors did not like the idea of moving all home games to Fayetteville and countered with an offer to renovate, also, Little Rock investor Warren Stephens threatened to discontinue his familys support for the program if games were pulled from Little Rock. After listening to both Chuck Neinas and Stephens in January 2000, the University of Arkansas Board of Trustees voted 9-1 to sign a contract with the owners of War Memorial Stadium