Survival and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Infants Born at 22 and 23 Weeks’ Gestation From the Systematic Review

Study Name (Reference) (Location, Age at Follow-up, Year of Birth, Type of Study)

22 Weeks

23 Weeks

24–27 Weeks

Mortality,an/Live Births (%)

Evaluated, n/Survivors at 3 Years (%)

Death or NDI, n/Study Cohort (%)

Mortality,an/Live Births (%)

Evaluated, n/Survivors at 3 Years (%)

Death or NDI, n/Study Cohort (%)

Mortality,an/Live Births (%)

Evaluated, n/Survivors at 3 Years (%)

Death or NDI, n/Study Cohort (%)

NICHD (7) (US, 18–24 mo, 2002–2004, multicenter)

309/322 (96)

—

—

342/441 (78)

22–23 weeks; 104/112 (93)

22–23 weeks; 750/763 (98)

24 weeks; 294/632 (47)

22–24 weeks; 405/450 (90)

24 weeks; 489/632 (77)

VON (8) (US, 18–24 mo, 1998–2003, multicenter)

<23 weeks; 504/528 (96)

<23 weeks; 15/21 (71)

<23 weeks; 515/528 (98)

567/916 (62)

214/298 (72)

679/916 (74)

24–25 weeks; 906/3033 (30)

24–25 weeks; 1229/1702 (72)

24–25 weeks; 1401/3033 (46)

Victoria (9,10) (Australia, 24 mo, 2005, population-based)

32/33 (97)

—

—

28/35 (80)

—

—

24–27 weeks; 56/220 (25)

22–27 weeks; 163/172 (95)

22–27 weeks; 196/288 (68)

EPIBEL (11,12) (Belgium,30–42 mo, 1999–2000, population-based)

28/28 (100)

0/0 (0)

28/28(100)

40/41 (98)

1/1(100)

40/41 (98)

24–26 weeks; 91/182 (50)

24–26 weeks; 88/91 (97)

24–26 weeks; 142/182 (78)

EPICure (13,14) (UK, 30 mo median, 1995, population-based)

136/138 (99)

2/2 (100)

137/138(99)

216/241 (90)

25/25(100)

230/241 (95)

24–25 weeks; 525/806 (65)

24–25 weeks; 279/281 (99)

24–25 weeks; 661/806 (82)

EPIPAGE (15,16) (France, 24 mo, 1997, population-based)

16/16 (100)

0/0 (0)

16/16(100)

30/30 (100)

0/0 (0)

30/30 (100)

24–27 weeks; 224/549 (41)

—

—

Essen (17) (Germany, 24–30 mo, 2000–2004, hospital-based)

8/10 (80)

2/2 (100)

9/10(90)

12/18 (67)

5/6 (83)

12/18(67)

24–25 weeks; 16/55 (29)

24–25 weeks; 34/39 (87)

24–25 weeks; 22/55 (40)

ETFOL (18) (Denmark, 24 mo, 1994–1995, population-based)

—

—

—

<24 weeks; 37/37 (100)

<24 weeks; 0/0 (0)

< 24 weeks; 37/37 (100)

24–27 weeks; 154/349 (44)

24–27 weeks; 183/195 (94)

24–27 weeks; 206/349 (59)

Current study (Japan, 36 mo median, 2003–2005, multicenter)

48/75 (64), 43/69 (62)b

23/27 (85)

60/75(80)

91/245 (37), 82/225 (36)b

119/154 (77)

156/245 (64)

24–25 weeks; 139/737 (19), 127/605(19)b

24–25 weeks; 420/601 (70)

24–25 weeks; 267/737 (36)

EPIBEL, Extremely Preterm Infants in Belgium Study Group; EPICure, study for all infants born before 26 completed weeks of gestational age in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland in 1995; EPIPAGE, The Etude Epidémiologique sur les Petits Ages Gestationnels study; VON, Vermont Oxford Network; —, data was not shown.

a Mortality included cases who died in the delivery room, died in the NICU, or died after discharge until evaluation, but not cases who died intrapartum.

b Mortality excluding the infants transferred after birth to the participating centers from cases in footnote a.