Chronic low-grade inflammation is an important factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic complication. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has an anti-inflammatory effect, inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation. Previous studies showed attenuation of diabetic nephropathy with MMF, but the underlying mechanisms were unclear. This study aimed to identify the effect of MMF on diabetic nephropathy and investigate its action mechanisms in type 2 diabetic mice model. Eight-week-old db/db and control mice (db/m mice) received vehicle or MMF at a dose of 30 mg/kg/day for 12 weeks...

Recent studies in animal models have revealed that mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has certain protective effects against experimental diabetic nephropathy. The present study therefore aimed to investigate the hypothesis that diabetic nephropathy may be ameliorated by mycophenolate mofetil and benazepril treatment alone or in combination, and identify the potential underlying mechanisms in a rat model. Diabetes was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Rats were subsequently treated with benazepril, MMF or a combination of the two drugs, and blood glucose, normalized kidney weight, urine protein and serum creatinine were determined...

Post-transplant hyperglycaemia of diabetic patients may cause recurrent diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in kidney allografts. We report a patient with slowly progressive DKD with calcineurin inhibitor toxicity (CNI) toxicity after the kidney transplantation. A 28-year-old female with type 1 diabetes mellitus underwent successful kidney transplantation from her mother in April 2003, and the kidney graft survived for more than 10 years. She was treated with combined immunosuppressive therapy consisting of cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil...

Proinflammatory T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 17 (Th17) cell subsets have been reported to have an immunopathogenic role in metabolic disease. We previously demonstrated that CD4(+) T cells are increased in kidneys in type 2 diabetic patients. However, the role of Th1 and Th17 cells in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy is unclear. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) attenuates diabetic kidney injury by the suppression of renal T-cell proliferation and related cytokines...

OBJECTIVES: Thus far, there is no active treatment for BK virus-associated nephropathy after a kidney transplant that has proven to be effective. We sought to assess the effectiveness of treatment with leflunomide, intravenous immunoglobulin, and ciprofloxacin on graft outcome after 1 year compared with a historical group treated with reduced immunosuppressive medications strategy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Group 1 (n = 19) was composed of kidney transplant recipients with twice positive BK virus-polymerase chain reaction in urine and blood who underwent graft biopsy to confirm BK virus-associated nephropathy...

BACKGROUND: Patients with a simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant (SPKT), especially those with gastroparesis, often have gastro-intestinal (GI) disorders that can modify immunosuppressant pharmacokinetics. We compared the MPA 12-hours area under the curve (AUC(0-12)) in SKPT patients with severe gastroparesis receiving mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS). MATERIAL/METHODS: Fifteen SKPT patients having a severe gastroparesis were switched, at 182 (69-1523) days post-transplantation, from MMF to EC-MPS because of GI disorders...

AIM: To investigate the effects of mycophenolate mofetil on apoptosis and the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 of podocytes in rats with diabetic nephropathy. METHODS: A total of 40 male rats were randomly divided into two groups: healthy control group (NC, n = 8) and diabetic nephropathy group (DN, n = 32). The diabetic rat models were induced by streptozotocin, which was injected intraperitoneally. After the DN model was established successfully, the DN group was subdivided into four groups: (1) group treated with the dissolvent (DN), (2) group treated with mycophenolate mofetil (DN + M), (3) group treated with valsartan (DN + V) and (4) group treated with mycophenolate mofetil and valsartan (DN + MV)...

Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) is a major cause of late kidney allograft loss. Everolimus, a novel proliferation signal inhibitor, ameliorates CAN by its antiproliferative or apoptosis-enhancing effects. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of everolimus in renal transplant recipients with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) withdrawal either due to CAN or cal-cineurin inhibitor toxicity (CNIT). A total 21 patients with CAN or CNIT converted from CNI to everolimus were prospectively studied from 2006 to 2009...

INTRODUCTION: Kidney retransplantation is a high-risk procedure that is increasingly performed because of previous graft failure. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term outcomes of kidney retransplantations compared with first kidney transplantations under the current era of immunosuppression. METHODS: Since the first retransplantation in Thailand was performed in 1993, this study included all consecutive cases registered in the Thai Transplantation Registry database from January 1993 to December 2011...

The term 'legacy effect'--a memory of a treatment which produces benefits long after the cessation of the intervention--was adopted for the first time to describe the benefits of early and strict control of diabetes on cardiovascular complications. The search for a similar effect for early treatment of immune-mediated renal diseases, interrupting some self-amplification loops of the pathogenetical immunological mechanisms and leaving a permanent memory, is fascinating. Some recent reports suggest a long-term beneficial or legacy effect of early treatment of IgA nephropathy after a randomized controlled trial (RCT) using mycophenolate mofetil, methylprednisolone pulses or steroid/immunosuppressive multiple therapy, or prolonged steroid doses associated with tonsillectomy...

The patient was a 67-year-old man who was started on peritoneal dialysis for treatment of diabetic nephropathy in March 2010. He received an ABO-compatible living-donor kidney transplant from his wife in October 2010. The immunosuppressive regimen consisted of tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, steroid and basiliximab. Before the operation, a bump on his forehead/temple region that was increasing in size for years was noted. The bump had a scaly surface and the top of the bump was sloughed on postoperative day 14...

The first renal transplant was done on July 22, 1968 and until December, 2010 a total of 865 procedures have been performed. Immunosuppressive protocols have changing with time: from 1968 to 1984 azathioprine + prednisone plus total radiation in some cases; from 1985 to 1998 cyclosporine + azathioprine + prednisone; in 1998 tacrolimus is used for first time; Mofetil micofenolate was available at 2005 and practically has displaced to azathioprine. As far as possible we use some induction therapy. Primary ESRD etiologies were: unknown (74...