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Trade between the neighbours can be as high as $37bn, report claims. — File photo

ISLAMABAD: Trade between Pakistan and India is only valued at a little over $2 billion, but it could be as high as $37bn, says a World Bank report.

The current trade between the two countries is much below its full potential. It could only be harnessed if both countries agreed to tear down artificial barriers.

The bank also estimated Pakistan’s potential trade with South Asia at $39.7bn against the actual current trade of $5.1bn.

Report unpacks four critical barriers

The report, “Glass Half Full: Promise of Regional Trade in South Asia”, released here on Wednesday unpacks four of the critical barriers to effective integration.

The four areas are tariff and para-tariff barriers to trade, complicated and non-transparent non-tariff measures, disproportionately high cost of trade, and trust deficit.

Talking to a group of journalists on key points of the report here at the World Bank office on Wednesday, lead economist and author of the document, Sanjay Kathuria, said it was his belief that trust promotes trade, and trade fosters trust, interdependency and constituencies for peace. In this context, he added, the opening of the Kartarpur corridor by governments of Pakistan and India would help minimise trust deficit.

He said such steps will boost trust between the two countries. For realising the trade potential between Pakistan and India, he suggested the two countries start with specific products facilitation in the first phase.

Mr Kathuria said Pakistan had least air connectivity with South Asian countries, especially India. Pakistan has only six weekly flights each with India and Afghanistan, 10 each with Sri Lanka and Bangladesh and only one with Nepal, but no flight with the Maldives and Bhutan.

Compared to this, India has 147 weekly flights with Sri Lanka, followed by 67 with Bangladesh, 32 with the Maldives, 71 with Nepal, 22 with Afghanistan and 23 with Bhutan.

The report recommends ending sensitive lists and para tariffs to enable real progress on the South Asia Free Trade Agreement (Safta) and calls for a multi-pronged effort to remove non-tariff barriers, focusing on information flows, procedures, and infrastructure.

Policy-makers may draw lessons from the India-Sri Lanka air service liberalisation experience. Connectivity is a key enabler for robust regional cooperation in South Asia.

Mr Kathuria says reducing policy barriers, such as eliminating the restrictions on trade at the Wagah-Attari border, or aiming for seamless, electronic data interchange at border crossings, will be major steps towards reducing the very high costs of trade between Pakistan and India.

He argues that the costs of trade are much higher within South Asia compared to other regions. The average tariff in South Asia is more than double the world average. South Asian countries have greater trade barriers for imports from within the region than from the rest of the world.

He says these countries impose high para tariffs, which are extra fees or taxes on top of tariffs. More than one-third of the intraregional trade falls under sensitive lists, which are goods that are not offered concessional tariffs under Safta. In Pakistan, nearly 20pc of its imports from, and 39pc of its exports to, South Asia fall under sensitive lists.

World Bank Country Director for Pakistan Illango Patchamuthu said Pakistan is sitting on a huge trade potential that remains largely untapped. “A favorable trading regime that reduces the high costs and removes barriers can boost investment opportunities that are critically required for accelerating growth in the country,” he said.

World Bank’s Director Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Caroline Freund said Pakistan’s frequent use of tariffs to curb imports or protect local firms increases the prices of hundreds of consumer goods, such as eggs, paper and bicycles.

They also raise the cost of production for firms, making it difficult for them to integrate in regional and global value chains, she said. “Pakistan needs to promote export promotion policies to ensure sustainable growth.”

On the issue of currency devaluation, she said undervalued currency is an anti-export measure. She suggests exchange rate should be determined by the real market trend.

Comments (144) Closed

Very baffling that Pakistan does not trade with Iran, Afghanistan & India but instead prefers to have FTP with China which dumps it's cheap goods, thus killing local Pakistani industry.

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Moth

Dec 06, 2018 07:25am

Pakistan trade deficit will disappear if free trade allowed between India and Pakistan based on current currency market value of both countries. According to trade fundamentals.

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Prateik

Dec 06, 2018 07:34am

India is doing good without Pakistan.

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Owais Mangal

Dec 06, 2018 07:45am

Wake up (both sides) and do the needful with people/nation's interest in the sight.

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Pak Army

Dec 06, 2018 07:50am

Pakistan have lots of resources and also potential to upward its economy,but it's upto the government how they response towards trade.Pakistan and India should work with it and promote trade instead of war of words.Hopefully that Pakistan will work on it to crub trade deficit and India response positively

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Habib A. Zuberi, PhD, Emeritus Prof. Of Eco.

Dec 06, 2018 07:53am

In response to a question raised by one of my relatives who lives in Toronto
About poverty in South Asia, I made he following response: The five countries-
India,Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal allow trade among themselves in the same way as EU. Unfortunately unlike Europe that has leaned a lot from two WW's, South Asia has seen lot of conflicts among themselves but not at the same level as Europe. I added: "fools learn from their own experience and the wise from the experience of others. ..just begin to remove the barriers to trade.
This would likely improve economist conditions in the region.

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Anti-Corruption_Pakistani

Dec 06, 2018 07:59am

Actually, World Bank's report endorse what PM Imran Khan has said in his recent speeches. This is why he is trying to create a cordial relationship with India and other neighbouring countries, so that both countries can benefit and create job opportunities and prosperity in their respective countries.

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Zak

Dec 06, 2018 08:03am

We are in the process of total political ,economic,defence and cultural integration with China and when complete , Pakistan and China will boast of total economy in excess of 20t $ .

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ankit

Dec 06, 2018 08:22am

@Habib A. Zuberi, PhD, Emeritus Prof. Of Eco., Well, the comparison between EU and S. Asia has been made tirelessly. But the fact of the matter is South Asia is nowhere close to the Scientific, Industrial and Social standing to have similar outcomes.

Even after the War, Britain, France, Germany and Netherlands where scientific and industrial power houses, population was in control and the society was progressive.

South Asia is dominated by India, which means trade wont have the same distribution, while it can create economic opportunities for smaller countries, for India the export potential is limited, and barring Pakistan, India already has excellent relations with all others.

And, with the frameworks like the BIMSTEC, an EU like trade arrangement is not far away with participating similar minded countries.

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Hemant

Dec 06, 2018 08:29am

Pakistani side is anyways not interested in trade. You want to resolve Kashmir issue only.

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Imran

Dec 06, 2018 08:39am

Yes but India will export 37 billion to Pak while pak will export 7 billion to India.

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ZAK

Dec 06, 2018 08:43am

India doesn’t need to trade with Pakistan and risk the financial well being of its small businesses. They are doing well exporting to south east Asia, Europe and North America. There is nothing produced in Pakistan that is not produced in India. In fact it’s the other way around.

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Common Sense

Dec 06, 2018 08:50am

Who cares? Instead let it be between China and Pakistan.

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python

Dec 06, 2018 08:54am

@Prateik, yeah.Maybe thas why we should look for "better and best".

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Farid

Dec 06, 2018 08:58am

@Prateik, Ignorance.

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Farhan

Dec 06, 2018 09:04am

And we are looking at China as our saviours.

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Anu Ludhianvi

Dec 06, 2018 09:05am

@Prateik,

Think USA/Canada/ Mexico ... they don’t need each other. However having a solid trade agreement helps grow economies both domestic and international. This is how business works and improves the standard of living for each citizen.

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DK PAMNANI

Dec 06, 2018 09:11am

MFN Status has been given by India but Pakistan has not given MFN status to India. We want cordial relation with Pakistan through trade, culture and sports. What World Bank has reported is a true picture. We must increase our trade

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ali ahmed

Dec 06, 2018 09:13am

@Anti-Corruption_Pakistani, But when MNS was trying to normalized relation with India and to increase trade it was opposed by Imran KHAN

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bulesha

Dec 06, 2018 09:14am

India has already given MFN status to Pakistan long back for improving trade, if IMRAN is really interested in trade with India, than first resulation must be passed to give India MFN status.

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Bilal Kaifi

Dec 06, 2018 09:14am

Trade with india will result in excessive trade deficits for Pakistan, the status quo on water disputes must be resolved before any trade liberalization.

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brr

Dec 06, 2018 09:14am

All in due time, there is a whole world to trade with our there for India, the last thing India needs is pakistan.

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Ali Ahmed

Dec 06, 2018 09:21am

We have given you MFN status when you are gonna reciprocate it??

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Sehar

Dec 06, 2018 09:22am

World has moved forward and economic prosperity trumps everything else. South Asia needs to do the same

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M. Emad

Dec 06, 2018 09:23am

Bangladesh, India bilateral trade cross $9bn for the first time in 2017-18.

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R Yegya Narayanan

Dec 06, 2018 09:23am

What was listed as the fourth reason-trust deficit- is actually the real reason for the trade being far below potential between the two nations and unless trust improves, trade will not. First, the leaders should know how to express themselves and be careful even while being critical of each other. Pakistan should realise that India is a vast country with diverse culture and traditions and what may appeal to states in India bordering Pakistan does not appeal, or to the same extent, to people in the rest of the country. It has to decide whether it wants to become an economically developed nation or live on largesse from others.

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Fawad bhai

Dec 06, 2018 09:29am

@Prateik, yet it has the most poor people in all of the world.

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SM

Dec 06, 2018 09:35am

Enough talk. Give India the MFN status as required by WTO and then we can talk about trade.

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Sunil

Dec 06, 2018 09:36am

No trust - No trade. I will not buy anything which says Made in Pakistan.

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Avinash

Dec 06, 2018 09:41am

@Anti-Corruption_Pakistani, May be Pakistan needs business and don't think India need any business from them

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Pramod

Dec 06, 2018 09:46am

Thank you. But, no thanks.

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Auginpk

Dec 06, 2018 09:47am

Nawaz Shariff wanted more trade between India and Pakistan but could not do much.

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Apoorva Bahuguna

Dec 06, 2018 09:49am

India doesn’t need trade with Pakistan. All trade is happening through Dubai

@Anti-Corruption_Pakistani, PM has never spoken on MFN status to be given to India for trade. Religious shrine entry isnt trade. India gave Pakistani pilgrims entry to Ajmer and Nizamuddhin shrine long back. Action should speak louder than words.

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Jay

Dec 06, 2018 10:01am

India has granted MFN status to Pakistan many years back. Pakistan has refused to give MFN status to India. The ball is in Pakistan's court.

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R sahu

Dec 06, 2018 10:04am

If one country is having large adverse trade imbalance how can the trade be sustained. Eg USA vs China, India vs China, Pakistan vs China, even Pakistan vs India.

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Premji

Dec 06, 2018 10:08am

Commodities and textile are big assets for Pakistan, which they can export to India. Today global multinational based in Europe (not naming) are using Pakistani labour in making garments and then sale same textile garments to India. In the malls and stores in India, made in Pakistan garments are available in those chains. Those global chains are getting the profits which otherwise can be shared between Pakistan and India.

What if Subcontinent, Iran, China were EU type market? US and West wont want that.

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Texan

Dec 06, 2018 10:18am

@Prateik, Yes. I have seen it. The progress can't be judge by how 5% live. The level of poverty in india is worst than China, Nigeria, Pakistan.....it gives a different meaning.

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MAkram

Dec 06, 2018 10:20am

@Prateik,
India still has a lot of poor people sleep on road.

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Neo

Dec 06, 2018 10:27am

@Prateik, in what terms, economically perhaps, but many people in India, similar to Pakistan' are still iving below the poverty line.

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Siraj

Dec 06, 2018 10:28am

Reduce it to Zero.. India Pak trade must be zero. India like Pakistan ban all trade with Palistan.

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NPS

Dec 06, 2018 10:31am

India is asking since many years for MFN status, which it already had given to Pakistan many years ago. Pakistani response?

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byju

Dec 06, 2018 10:32am

india has been doing well even without much trading with pakistan. it is pakistan that will gain much with trading with india. however, they are yet to give mfn status to india or give land access to afghanistan. the analogy with europe is not valid. europe is bound with common religion and culture. there is no land dispute there. that is not the case in south asia.

@MAkram, There are homeless people in US too. The point to note was the amount of people it elevated into the middle class, which stands second only to China in the world.

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Neo

Dec 06, 2018 10:39am

@Prateik, Many will say that India is doing just fine without Pakistan. However, if Pakistan and India have better relations, then India has the potential to counter Chinese influence not only in Pakistan but also the region. Especially, where we share similar language and culture it can easily make quick inroads. There is also better access to Afghanistan and hence Central Asia through Pakistan. Then there is the potential of a common currency in SAARC. But India needs to be the bigger person here and take the right steps. This can also speed up the process of resolving all issues between the two countries. There is alot for India to gain out of this too.

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The real salaria

Dec 06, 2018 10:44am

@MAkram,

Agreed

We know our problems and are working hard for improvement

Just check number of Indians below poverty line 20 years back and their numbers now .

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Reality_Bites

Dec 06, 2018 10:46am

@MAkram, You are right to some extent, in term of absolute numbers it is India, in terms of percentages it is Pakistan now.

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Ravikumar Selvarajan

Dec 06, 2018 10:46am

@MAkram, "India still has a lot of poor people sleep on road."
So what?
Yes India has her share of the problems. But definitely she is able to significantly reduce their numbers. We are moving fast in the right direction and that's all it matters.

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SATT

Dec 06, 2018 10:49am

Its a trade war,world bank should be concerned about US and China.

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Buddha

Dec 06, 2018 10:49am

@MAkram, but we can do better without pakistan and of course you pakistani can do better without us thank you.

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Mashman

Dec 06, 2018 10:59am

Such a shame that because of our prejudices some interest groups are benefiting.

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Ramesh R

Dec 06, 2018 11:02am

@Fida, So trade will never happen

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Indian friend

Dec 06, 2018 11:03am

@Prateik, I disagree brother. It is in our interest to have strong trade and people to people relations with Pakistan. It will force our corrupt politicians and establishments on both sides to find resolution to problems. It will ensure there is no covert or overt conflict.

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King

Dec 06, 2018 11:03am

@MAkram, where Pakistan stand on economy growth ??

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Onlooker

Dec 06, 2018 11:11am

@Fida, declaration of bankruptcy would happen even before that

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Swiss Neutral

Dec 06, 2018 11:20am

What can Pakistan export?

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Swiss Neutral

Dec 06, 2018 11:28am

India trades with all neighbours except one
Pakistan doesn't trade with all neighbours except one

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Human first

Dec 06, 2018 11:29am

Question is what Pakistan can offfer to India..So many Indian items are in Pak thru Dubai..Hardly any items from Pak in India..

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Takshshila Apt

Dec 06, 2018 11:29am

@Anti-Corruption_Pakistani, not India only Pakistan will benefit

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Takshshila Apt

Dec 06, 2018 11:29am

@Fida, hold on to it till eternity

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Asad

Dec 06, 2018 11:36am

@MAkram, Trade will help boost and eliminate largest slum in the world is in orangi town karachi as statws by UNDP.

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Sana

Dec 06, 2018 11:39am

@BhaRAT, They are protesting against FM Qureshi and PM at the moment.

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Armaan

Dec 06, 2018 11:43am

@MAkram, PTI- led Goverment is planning to build tents for them in lahore and karachi to escape harsh winter. Poor is first preference for this government.

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J

Dec 06, 2018 11:46am

Of the 37b trade they will export 30b and we will only 7b. This trade deficit would create more problem than profit for Pakistan.

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Sajjad Khan

Dec 06, 2018 11:49am

How sad when two neighbours with strong cultural bonds practically have no trade at all.

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Ashwani

Dec 06, 2018 12:08pm

As far as I can remember cemet manufactured in dg Khan cement LTD. Is used is various road projects in India due to it's low price and also cement is of good quality, for a cement bag of approximately 50 kg the cement imported from Pakistan costs 280 inr while domesticlly produced cement costs around 340 inr....this can be a trade starting point ...

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Fact

Dec 06, 2018 12:19pm

@MAkram, wake up

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Vasan

Dec 06, 2018 12:20pm

@Fida, Not sure how many generations you have to wait..... But no guarantee!

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Rockysumrock

Dec 06, 2018 12:22pm

@Neo, last saarc summit.. Pakistan was the only country which opposed the motor and road agreement... Also only country to oppose Saarc satellite project.. It's still not giving most favored nation to India in business...so who is responsible???...

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Maqsood Ahmed

Dec 06, 2018 12:24pm

How much is the Potential for Pakistan in terms of its Exports ? I believe again the balance would not fall in favour of India only !!

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Newborn

Dec 06, 2018 12:26pm

Pakistan has no option but to start full trade relations with India; without any barriers.

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Malika

Dec 06, 2018 12:27pm

@Neo, India has Chabahar port for trade to central Asia. India doesnt aspire for common currency in Saarc countries. Pak-China trade relation in Pakistan destroying local economy, is not concern for India, nor will India join it.

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Babu

Dec 06, 2018 12:27pm

India is a $2.4 Trillion economy and doing well. For India trade with Pakistan will mean a small portion but for Pakistan it could be a very big thing. Although India granted 'Most Favoured Nation "status to Pakistan long back but Pakistan has not reciprocated.

It is a loss to Pakistan only.

.

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Ajay

Dec 06, 2018 12:34pm

Get over your Kashmir obsession first .... then we can talk trade

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zeeshandxb

Dec 06, 2018 12:35pm

Totally agree the fact that Pakistan needs to make use of its location by trading with neighbours and partners. Forget big countries, i would love to see how much trade does Pakistan do with Maldives. Everytime i have to travel to maldives i have to take a flight via dubai or sri lanka. There are lot of maldivian students that go to India to get higher studies. We can attract some of them to Karachi and Lahore. Also they dont grow perishable and items and import them from India. The same goes for Nepal and Sri Lanka. India definitely is a big market for Pakistan. But start with small players atleast.

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Nahar01

Dec 06, 2018 12:36pm

@MAkram, what about Pakistan?? It’s not magic that poverty will vanish.

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Akash

Dec 06, 2018 12:38pm

@Neo, India’s per capita income is more than Pakistan’s. Which means even the poor in India earns better than rich your side. India is way ahead in UN standard of living index, HD index, literacy, GDP, economy, education, health care access, space, research, business, trade etc between both nations. Its fastest growing economy, not dependent on any specific country.

This para for both sides:
Above all, export calmness, shed off stubbornness, apply give and take method. Do not mix other aspects such as cricket, politics, kashmir etc with trade. No preconditions, no post conditions.
Pure business.

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Peace Now

Dec 06, 2018 12:48pm

You can't survive by doing trade only with China. Pakistan is losing a lot by not trading with Iran, India, and Afghanistan and through Afghanistan with Central Asia.

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Zak

Dec 06, 2018 12:48pm

@Prateik, Pakistan is doing even better without India and with Cpec of China.

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Bhawani Shankar

Dec 06, 2018 01:17pm

Borrowing should not be first preference as it was easy in past , pakistan should explore the new business dimensions with its neighbours to boost its local market.

Last time India proposed a FTA between SAARC nations Pakistan rejected it with the fear of Indian products flooding into Pakistan. Hence India worked on FTA with BIMSTEC nations and rest is history.

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Ashok Saigal

Dec 06, 2018 01:39pm

@J, Doesn't the same calculation apply in favor of China through the CPEC?

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BAXAR

Dec 06, 2018 01:44pm

@Babu, "For India trade with Pakistan will mean a small portion but for Pakistan it could be a very big thing." So why is it India that asks to trade with Pakistan? We have never heard anything coming from Pakistan in this regard.

@Texan,@MAkram,@bhaRAT, I hate to post statistics but some Pakistanis need to be awakened from their ignorance .Here are the lines from UNDP report because you guys can't Google yourself."The incidence of multidimensional poverty in India has almost halved between 2005/6 and 2015/16, climbing down to 27.5 percent from 54.7 percent. Among South Asian countries, only Maldives has a lower headcount ratio than India at 1.9 percent, with Nepal (35.3 percent), Bangladesh (41.1 percent), and Pakistan (43.9) having higher incidences of multidimensional poverty."So save lectures and work for your country's betterment.India is doing great by pulling 278mn people out of poverty from 2005-2015.Acc to 2018 statistics, India has 18% people below poverty.

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M.Sethi

Dec 06, 2018 02:11pm

The total trade could be 37 billion$.But the report doesn't say which of the two countries would be benefiting the most ?.What if out of this total trade ,Indian exports stand to gain the Lions share and Pakistan peanuts?.

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Vivek Amar

Dec 06, 2018 02:19pm

@Zak, cultural and political integration ?

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A shah

Dec 06, 2018 02:36pm

For India it’s an insignificant amount. For Pakistan it’s huge.

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A shah

Dec 06, 2018 02:37pm

India is fastest growing economy without trade with Pakistan.

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RationalBabu

Dec 06, 2018 02:45pm

@Bilal Kaifi, there is no real water issue. Build dams to conserve your water rather than let it run off into the sea!

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Swiss Neutral

Dec 06, 2018 02:50pm

@MAkram

Every country has problems including India. India worked/ is working on its problems and made a good progress. It is to become 5th largest economy soon. India took IMF loan only once. You know about Pakistan much better than me.

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Hopeful

Dec 06, 2018 02:53pm

@Zak, An Oxford Economics report has said that 17 of the 20 fastest growing cities in the world between 2019 and 2035 will be Indian

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Vikas Gurung

Dec 06, 2018 02:58pm

We have already given you MFN status, but, Pakistan didn't till

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BAXAR

Dec 06, 2018 03:04pm

@Hopeful , "An Oxford Economics report has said that 17 of the 20 fastest growing cities in the world between 2019 and 2035 will be Indian" We are very happy for them, so what's your point?

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A

Dec 06, 2018 03:06pm

Only if you ready to open trade route till Afghanistan . Not CPEC that is your debt.

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Neo

Dec 06, 2018 03:22pm

@Hopeful , do you mean growing population or economy.

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Lilly

Dec 06, 2018 03:43pm

India is driven by passion and self respect. If one visits western countries, Indians work with pride and they know their place in the world now. Emerging India is looked upon as a reliable partner for the western countries. Trade will flourish and all participating countries will benefit. It is up to Pakistan to understand. If she doesn't understand she will be left behind.

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Read

Dec 06, 2018 03:55pm

An Oxford Economics report has said that 17 of the 20 fastest growing cities in the world between 2019 and 2035 will be Indian, led by Surat.

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Reality_Bites

Dec 06, 2018 04:11pm

INR = 2 PKR now, so if Pakistan opts for more trade with India, it is more than likely that Pakistan would gain.

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arti

Dec 06, 2018 04:24pm

I don't think it is workable. India is doing great without Pakistan. We have moved on.

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anurag

Dec 06, 2018 05:14pm

@Imran , What is the balance of trade of Pakistan with China, my friend.

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Jamil Soomro, New York City

Dec 06, 2018 05:25pm

The most amazing News to come out in the last month of the year 2018.Everyone should reflect on it.

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Asif A. Shah

Dec 06, 2018 06:01pm

First of all Pakistani people need to develop better work ethics at every level. Then, perhaps, they will be able to have reasonably fair balance of trade with India.

@Bharat, "Indian economy more than 50 % is not accounted for is black"

That's the problem - "black"!

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Pervez

Dec 06, 2018 11:57pm

Open the Afghan route to Indian trucks and charge a fee. By banning Indian trucks we are hurting ourselves fo no reason .

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Fast Growth

Dec 07, 2018 05:42am

@Zak, Well said! Pakistan will be renamed Southern Xinjiang and every house will have a Hun cultural integrator. Instead of hot and cold water, we will have milk and honey flowing in pipes to every house. No need for mineral Water companies after that!

@BAXAR, That means more prospective market for you if you come to your senses and start thinking critically.

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Ekansh

Dec 07, 2018 10:28am

@Sunil, true. feeling is mutual here aswell.

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Khusrow

Dec 07, 2018 10:36am

Trade is a good lever for better peace between the two nations

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Hopeful

Dec 07, 2018 12:23pm

The problem that Pakistan is facing is not necessarily just trade in general, but lack of production and export. To increase production we need to fix the education system and move the mental focus of the youth from emotional/religious issues to work and earning. What ever Pakistan produces now, has a better market in its immediate neighborhood with a cultural connect, rather than China.

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Babu

Dec 07, 2018 02:45pm

India's Infrastructure Budget itself is higher than entire Pak GDP.

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Raja Parekh, Mumbai.

Dec 07, 2018 03:08pm

India's security problem must be addressed first before entering into any further efforts of expansion of trade. This is important for us. Verify and trust.Not other way.

@Premji, The only sensible, reasonable businessman like observation and proposal in the comments.

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venkob

Dec 08, 2018 01:55am

@Zak, Is China interested. If yes, what's the cost of it for Pakistan?

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Habibazuberi

Dec 08, 2018 02:45am

@Swetha, Point well made.

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Zak

Dec 08, 2018 04:34am

If Pakistan does not want to trade with India because there may be an imbalance in the trade, like too many imports and not enough exports ... then there is a very simple solution !

There are many trade and fiscal mechanisms by which this can be adjusted or minimized and some that could even eliminate the problem altogether.

All that is required is continued good relations and a presence of mutual trust and understanding of international trade contracts and agreements. Both countries could benefit significantly with such a relationship and understanding.

If despite these things you feel per capita income of Pakistan is higher fine. But do explain why Pakistanis with a higher per capita income have lower health. Education, financial inclusion, purchasing power (electricity and cars) and pay lower tax?

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Right Voice

Dec 08, 2018 12:34pm

@Imran ,
Is 7 billion an insignificant amount given your current situation?

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Right Voice

Dec 08, 2018 12:41pm

@Texan,
What about poverty in USA? Or are you impervious to it.

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SP

Dec 08, 2018 01:20pm

@Gp65,

You nailed IT, Statistical data says it all.
In simple terms 6 times population consume 18 times electricity says, electrification is more and use of more electrical appliances