The matrix of officially supported operating systems and JVMs is available here:
Support Matrix. Elasticsearch is tested on the listed
platforms, but it is possible that it will work on other platforms too.

Elasticsearch is built using Java, and requires at least
Java 7 in
order to run. Only Oracle’s Java and the OpenJDK are supported. The same JVM
version should be used on all Elasticsearch nodes and clients.

We recommend installing the Java 8 update 20 or later, or Java 7 update 55
or later. Previous versions of Java 7 are known to have bugs that can cause
index corruption and data loss. Elasticsearch will refuse to start if a
known-bad version of Java is used.

The version of Java to use can be configured by setting the JAVA_HOME
environment variable.