1.
Moscow
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Moscow is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.8 million within the urban area. Moscow has the status of a Russian federal city, Moscow is a major political, economic, cultural, and scientific center of Russia and Eastern Europe, as well as the largest city entirely on the European continent. Moscow is the northernmost and coldest megacity and metropolis on Earth and it is home to the Ostankino Tower, the tallest free standing structure in Europe, the Federation Tower, the tallest skyscraper in Europe, and the Moscow International Business Center. Moscow is situated on the Moskva River in the Central Federal District of European Russia, the city is well known for its architecture, particularly its historic buildings such as Saint Basils Cathedral with its brightly colored domes. Moscow is the seat of power of the Government of Russia, being the site of the Moscow Kremlin, the Moscow Kremlin and Red Square are also one of several World Heritage Sites in the city. Both chambers of the Russian parliament also sit in the city and it is recognized as one of the citys landmarks due to the rich architecture of its 200 stations. In old Russian the word also meant a church administrative district. The demonym for a Moscow resident is москвич for male or москвичка for female, the name of the city is thought to be derived from the name of the Moskva River. There have been proposed several theories of the origin of the name of the river and its cognates include Russian, музга, muzga pool, puddle, Lithuanian, mazgoti and Latvian, mazgāt to wash, Sanskrit, majjati to drown, Latin, mergō to dip, immerse. There exist as well similar place names in Poland like Mozgawa, the original Old Russian form of the name is reconstructed as *Москы, *Mosky, hence it was one of a few Slavic ū-stem nouns. From the latter forms came the modern Russian name Москва, Moskva, in a similar manner the Latin name Moscovia has been formed, later it became a colloquial name for Russia used in Western Europe in the 16th–17th centuries. From it as well came English Muscovy, various other theories, having little or no scientific ground, are now largely rejected by contemporary linguists. The surface similarity of the name Russia with Rosh, an obscure biblical tribe or country, the oldest evidence of humans on the territory of Moscow dates from the Neolithic. Within the modern bounds of the city other late evidence was discovered, on the territory of the Kremlin, Sparrow Hills, Setun River and Kuntsevskiy forest park, etc. The earliest East Slavic tribes recorded as having expanded to the upper Volga in the 9th to 10th centuries are the Vyatichi and Krivichi, the Moskva River was incorporated as part of Rostov-Suzdal into the Kievan Rus in the 11th century. By AD1100, a settlement had appeared on the mouth of the Neglinnaya River. The first known reference to Moscow dates from 1147 as a place of Yuri Dolgoruky. At the time it was a town on the western border of Vladimir-Suzdal Principality

2.
Soviet Union
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The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. It was nominally a union of national republics, but its government. The Soviet Union had its roots in the October Revolution of 1917 and this established the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and started the Russian Civil War between the revolutionary Reds and the counter-revolutionary Whites. In 1922, the communists were victorious, forming the Soviet Union with the unification of the Russian, Transcaucasian, Ukrainian, following Lenins death in 1924, a collective leadership and a brief power struggle, Joseph Stalin came to power in the mid-1920s. Stalin suppressed all opposition to his rule, committed the state ideology to Marxism–Leninism. As a result, the country underwent a period of rapid industrialization and collectivization which laid the foundation for its victory in World War II and postwar dominance of Eastern Europe. Shortly before World War II, Stalin signed the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact agreeing to non-aggression with Nazi Germany, in June 1941, the Germans invaded the Soviet Union, opening the largest and bloodiest theater of war in history. Soviet war casualties accounted for the highest proportion of the conflict in the effort of acquiring the upper hand over Axis forces at battles such as Stalingrad. Soviet forces eventually captured Berlin in 1945, the territory overtaken by the Red Army became satellite states of the Eastern Bloc. The Cold War emerged by 1947 as the Soviet bloc confronted the Western states that united in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in 1949. Following Stalins death in 1953, a period of political and economic liberalization, known as de-Stalinization and Khrushchevs Thaw, the country developed rapidly, as millions of peasants were moved into industrialized cities. The USSR took a lead in the Space Race with Sputnik 1, the first ever satellite, and Vostok 1. In the 1970s, there was a brief détente of relations with the United States, the war drained economic resources and was matched by an escalation of American military aid to Mujahideen fighters. In the mid-1980s, the last Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, sought to reform and liberalize the economy through his policies of glasnost. The goal was to preserve the Communist Party while reversing the economic stagnation, the Cold War ended during his tenure, and in 1989 Soviet satellite countries in Eastern Europe overthrew their respective communist regimes. This led to the rise of strong nationalist and separatist movements inside the USSR as well, in August 1991, a coup détat was attempted by Communist Party hardliners. It failed, with Russian President Boris Yeltsin playing a role in facing down the coup. On 25 December 1991, Gorbachev resigned and the twelve constituent republics emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union as independent post-Soviet states

3.
Moscow International Film Festival
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Moscow International Film Festival, is the film festival first held in Moscow in 1935 and became regular since 1959. From its inception to 1959 it was held every year in July. The festival has been held annually since 1995, the festivals top prize is the statue of Saint George slaying the dragon, as represented on the Coat of Arms of Moscow. Nikita Mikhalkov has been the president since 2000. Over the years the Stanislavsky Award—I Believe, in 2012 this prize was awarded to French actress Catherine Deneuve. In 2012 the jury was headed by the Brazilian director Hector Babenco, the Perspectives Jury was chaired by the filmmaker Marina Razbezhkina. The program director of the Festival is Kirill Razlogov, the White Bird Marked with Black 1973 – That Sweet Word, Liberty

4.
Mimino
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Mimino is a 1977 comedy film by Soviet director Georgiy Daneliya produced by Mosfilm and Gruziya-film, starring Vakhtang Kikabidze and Frunzik Mkrtchyan. Anatoliy Petritskiy served as the films Director of Photography, the Soviet era comedy won the 1977 Golden Prize at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival. Georgian bush pilot Valentin Mizandari a. k. a, Mimino works at small local airlines, flying helicopters between small villages. But he dreams of piloting large international airlines aircraft, so he decides to go to Moscow to follow his dream. There in a hotel he meets Armenian truck driver Roobik Khachikyan who is given a place in that hotel by mistake instead of another Khachikyan, always amicable and open to people, Mimino does not feel at home in the big city. Nevertheless, he becomes a pilot of a jet liner. But feeling homesick, he comes back to his native town of Telavi in Georgia, to his family. Miminos real name in the film is Valiko Mizandari—his nickname Mimino is the Georgian word for sparrow hawk, either way, it seems that this nickname is to equate to some kind of bird of prey, which is perhaps fitting for a pilot. He reminisces about his experiences working with Daneliya and the actors and he had known Daneliya for some time and had seen several of his films. He was very happy to receive the offer to work with him, initially the two were working on a different film in 1977, and discussed the doubts they had about the script, after which they decided to work on Mimino as an alternative. Petritskiy was surprised that Goskino had already approved the film and that funding had been secured, Petritskiy discusses the locations of the various shots in the film, to include various villages in Georgia, the Tbilisi airport, Moscow, and what was then West Germany. According to Petritskiy, casting the film was not a problem, Petritskiy described the conditions as medieval. He noted that the lack of electricity had put its stamp of the character of the population of Amalo and he described the society as patriarchic. He describes this as the conflict in the conflict between the simple way of life and the way of life in the big city—this is the meaning of the film as he sees it. It is because of this that he filmed the movie in a simple style. He points out that even the portions of the shot in Moscow are static shots or simple panoramas. He considers the landscapes of Georgia in the film to be extremely beautiful, Petritskiy then discusses the various shots at airports, which were done as a montage—the helicopter in Tbilisi, and the magnificent TU plane shot in Moscow. He notes that the cow was only hung at a low height, but high enough to use the sky as a backdrop

5.
Georgiy Daneliya
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Georgiy Daneliya is a Soviet/Georgian/Russian film director, who became known throughout the Soviet Union for his sad comedies. Daneliya graduated from the Moscow Architecture Institute and worked as an architect, in 1956, he entered the Higher Director’s Courses at the Mosfilm Studio where his teachers were Mikhail Romm, Sergei Yutkevich, Leonid Trauberg, Yuli Raizman, and Mikhail Kalatozov. His 1964 feature I Step Through Moscow, starring Nikita Mikhalkov, is one of the most characteristic films of the Khrushchev Thaw. Among Daneliyas most popular movies are Mimino, about a Georgian pilots adventures in Moscow, Mimino won the Golden Prize at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1986 he directed a film, Kin-dza-dza. In 1976, he was a member of the jury at the 26th Berlin International Film Festival, most of his films featured his then-wife Lyubov Sokolova and his friend Yevgeny Leonov. Daneliya was named a Peoples Artist of the USSR in 1990, more recently, he married film director Galina Yurkova, has been involved in animation projects and was given the Lifetime Achievement Award by the Russian Academy of Cinema Arts. 1970 – Cartagena, Award for Best Actor, the film Do not worry, petersburg, nominated for The Legend of fantastic cinema Award Triumph 2002 KF Viva Cinema of Russia. 2005 – St. Passport Nastya Heads and Tails Fortune Ku, Kin-dza-dza.1972 – Gentlemen of Fortune, with Viktoriya Tokareva 1988 – Frenchman, with Sergei Bodrov Georgiy Daneliya at the Internet Movie Database Film Director and Scriptwriter Georgiy Daneliya

6.
Stanislav Rostotsky
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Stanislav Iosifovich Rostotsky was a Russian film director, the recipient of the two USSR State Prizes and a Lenin Prize. Stanislav Rostotsky was born in Rybinsk on April 21,1922 into a Russian-Polish family and his grandfather Boleslaw Rostotsky served as a general in the Imperial Russian Army and a prosecutor following the Emperors order. His father Iosif Boleslawovich was a doctor, docent, author of 200 monographs. His mother Lidia Karlovna was a milliner turned a housekeeper and he had a brother Boleslaw Norbert Iosifovich, a famous theater historian during the Soviet days. At the age of five Stanilsav watched Battleship Potemkin and became obsessed with cinema, in 1936 he met Sergei Eisenstein and took part in his unfinished Bezhin Meadow movie as an actor. Eisenstein became his teacher and good friend later on and he convinced Stanislav that only a well-read and educated person may become a film director. This influenced his decision to enter the Institute of Philosophy and Literature in 1940, in 1942 he was enrolled in the Red Army. He left for the front line in a year, as a private he served in the 6th cavalry corps and traveled from Vyazma through Smolensk to Rivne, taking part in battles. In 1944 Rostotsky was seriously injured during the fight near Dubno when he was driven over by a Nazi tank and he survived only due to a trench where his body was partly buried. According to Rostotsky, one of his legs was ruined, as well as his rib cage, in addition, a shell fragment hurt me in the head. Good thing the mates took my gun away — otherwise I wouldve probably shot myself, because I spent 22 hours lying in that swamp, losing my consciousness, so I had time to think. He was saved by one of the soldiers and then — by a front nurse Anna Chugunova who carried him to the hospital. He later dedicated his film The Dawns Here Are Quiet to her, as a result, Rostotsky lost one of his feet. He wore a prosthesis, yet never mentioned it and led an active life, many people working with him didnt even realise he was disabled. He was awarded the 1st class Order of the Patriotic War, on September,1944 at the age of 22 Stanislav joined VGIK to become a film director. He studied for seven years, simultaneously working as Kozintsevs assistant at the Lenfilm studio, in 1952 Rostotsky directed his graduation movie Ways-Roads. During the audition he met his wife, an actress Nina Menshikova. The movie was banned by censorship, yet Rostotsky received good recommendations and was sent to work at the Gorky Film Studio where he spent 35 years

7.
Valerio Zurlini
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Valerio Zurlini was an Italian film director, stage director and screenwriter. During his law studies in Rome, he started working in the theatre, in 1943, he joined the Italian resistance. Zurlini became a member of the Italian Communist Party and he filmed short documentaries in the immediate post-war period and in 1954 directed his first feature film, The Girls of San Frediano, his only comedy. In 1958 together with Leonardo Benvenuti, Piero De Bernardi and Alberto Lattuada Zurlini won the Silver Ribbon for Best Script for Lattuadas Guendalina, Zurlini made his name as a director with his second feature film, Violent Summer, starring Eleonora Rossi Drago and Jean Louis Trintignant. In 1961 Zurlini filmed Girl with a Suitcase, a successful intimist drama, starring Claudia Cardinale, who became a star in Italy, and Jacques Perrin. In 1962 Zurlinis film Family Diary earned him the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival, Zurlini had a masterful skill for screen adaptations. Both The Girls of San Frediano and Family Diary were based on Vasco Pratolinis work, Zurlini admired the work of Italian novelist Giorgio Bassani and hoped to adapt his novel The Garden of the Finzi-Continis, which was subsequently directed by Vittorio De Sica in 1971. His 1965 film The Camp Followers was entered into the 4th Moscow International Film Festival where it won the Special Silver Prize. Zurlinis last film, The Desert of the Tartars, produced by Jacques Perrin, in 1977 he was a member of the jury at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival. In the same year, with this film Zurlini, he won both the David di Donatello for Best Director and the Silver Ribbon for Best Director, the visual style of Zurlinis adaptations was informed by Giorgio de Chirico, Giorgio Morandi and Ottone Rosais paintings. During the last years of his life Zurlini taught at the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia in Rome and he killed himself in Verona on 26 October 1982. After Zurlinis death his work fell into obscurity, but regained popularity in the 2000s. In the early 2000s several Zurlini retrospectives were met with success internationally, in 2006 the NoShame Films released The Desert of the Tartars, Violent Summer and Girl With a Suitcase on DVD. The Girls of San Frediano Guendalina Violent Summer Girl with a Suitcase Family Diary Le soldatesse Seduto alla sua destra The Professor The Desert of the Tartars Toffetti, ISBN 88-7180-076-1 Valerio Zurlini at the Internet Movie Database

8.
Michael Kutza
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Michael Kutza is an award-winning filmmaker, a graphic designer and the founder of the Chicago International Film Festival. In 1977 he was a member of the jury at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival, from 1979 to 1991, he served Italian journal II Tempo as its American film correspondent. He has received honors for cultural achievements. In 1964, at the age of 22, Michael Kutza founded the Chicago International Film Festival, through its early years, Kutza personally screened and selected the films that would be shown at the Festival. Kutza has been a proponent of foreign-language films, and as of 2013 remained the Festivals artistic director. Kutza has received a number of honors for his cultural achievements, among them, in 1972, Kutza received the Silver Lion Award at the Venice Film Festival, and in 1978, the Chicago Sun-Times Exceptional Contribution to Chicago award. In 1985, Jack Lang, then the French Minister of Culture, in 1987, Kutza served on the Camera dOr Jury at the Cannes Film Festival. In 1995, he was a member of the jury at the 45th Berlin International Film Festival, in 1996, the city of Chicago honorarily designated S. Michigan Ave from Van Buren to Congress as Michael J. Kutza Way, in 2010, Kutza accepted the Media Award from the Niagara Foundations Peace & Dialogue Awards. The same year, Chicago Magazine included Kutza on their list of Top 40 Chicago Pioneers, alongside Oprah, Barack Obama, Studs Terkel, Roger Ebert, in 2012, Kutza received the American Cinematheques Sydney Pollack Award

9.
Toshiro Mifune
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Toshiro Mifune was a Japanese actor who appeared in almost 170 feature films. He is best known for his 16-film collaboration with filmmaker Akira Kurosawa in such works as Rashomon, Seven Samurai, The Hidden Fortress, Throne of Blood, and Yojimbo. He also portrayed Musashi Miyamoto in Hiroshi Inagakis Samurai Trilogy, Lord Toranaga in the NBC TV miniseries Shōgun, Toshiro Mifune was born on 1 April 1920 in Qingdao, Shandong, China, to Japanese parents. His parents were Methodist missionaries working there, Mifune grew up with his parents and two younger siblings in Dalian, Liaoning, China, and, from 4 to 19 years of age, in Manchuria. Mifune was a Christian born to Missionary parents, in his youth, Mifune worked in the photography shop of his father Tokuzo, a commercial photographer and importer who had emigrated from northern Japan. In 1947, one of Mifunes friends who worked for the Photography Department of Toho Productions suggested Mifune try out for the Photography Department and he was accepted for a position as an assistant cameraman. At this time, a number of Toho actors, after a prolonged strike, had left to form their own company. Toho then organized a new faces contest to find new talent, Mifunes friends submitted an application and photo, without his knowledge. He was accepted, along with 48 others, and allowed to take a screen test for Kajirō Yamamoto, instructed to mime anger, he drew from his wartime experiences. Yamamoto took a liking to Mifune, recommending him to director Senkichi Taniguchi and this led to Mifunes first feature role, in Shin Baka Jidai. Kurosawa was originally going to skip the event, but showed up when an actress he knew told him of one actor who seemed especially promising, Kurosawa later wrote that he entered the audition to see a young man reeling around the room in a violent frenzy. It was as frightening as watching a wounded beast trying to break loose, when an exhausted Mifune finished his scene, he sat down and gave the judges an ominous stare. Kurosawa, however, had found his muse, I am a person rarely impressed by actors, he later said. But in the case of Mifune I was completely overwhelmed, one of Mifunes fellow performers, one of the 32 women chosen during the new faces contest, was Sachiko Yoshimine. Eight years Mifunes junior, she came from a respected Tokyo family and they fell in love and Mifune soon proposed marriage. Director Senkichi Taniguchi, with the help of Akira Kurosawa, convinced the Yoshimine family to allow the marriage and it took place in February 1950. In November of the year, their first son, Shirō was born. In 1955, they had a son, Takeshi

10.
Yuri Ozerov (director)
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Yuri Ozerov was a Soviet film director and screenwriter. He directed twenty films between 1950 and 1995, Ozerovs works won him many awards, among them the title Peoples Artist of the USSR which was conferred upon him in 1977. Ozerov was born to Nikolai Nikolayevich Ozerov and Nadezhda Ozerova and his mother, a student of the All-Union State Institute of Cinematography, had to leave her studies when she became pregnant. Ozerovs father was an opera singer who was awarded the title Peoples Artist of the Russian SFSR in 1937. His brother, also named Nikolai, was a tennis champion, after graduating from high school, Ozerov enrolled for the Lunacharsky State Institute of Theatre Arts in September 1939. A month later, he was drafted into the Red Army, when Germany invaded the Soviet Union, he held the rank of a Second Lieutenant. Ozerov participated in the Battle of Moscow and in the campaigns for Ukraine, in 1944, he underwent a staff officers course in the Frunze Academy. While stationed in the 3rd Belorussian Front, he took part in the Battle of Königsberg as a forward observation officer. In a 2001 interview, he told that the battle had an effect on him and he swore that if he will remain alive. After the German surrender in May, Ozerov served in the city until his discharge in October 1945. During the war, Ozerov married a nurse, Raisa Sukhomlina, with whom he had a son, soon after demobilization, Ozerov resumed his studies in the Lunacharsky Institute. In 1947, he entered the All-Union Cinematography Institute, where he studied together with Aleksandr Alov, Marlen Khutsiev, Sergei Parajanov, during the same year, he joined the Communist Party. In 1949 he started working as an assistant-director in the Mosfilm studio, while still a student, he made his debut film, Alexander Pushkin, in 1950. In the beginning of his career, Ozerov directed several documentaries, in 1952, during 1953, together with Sergei Gurov, he co-directed Arena of the Bold, which presented a live performance by the Soviet Unions young circus artists and starred Oleg Popov, among others. In 1954, he made At the Gala Evening, showing a concert at the Bolshoi Theater, Ozerovs first major feature film was the 1955 Son, revolving around the life of a delinquent youth in Moscow. In 1957, he directed the adventure film Kochubey, about the last days of the Civil War Cossack hero, the film, Ozerovs only one to be produced by Lenfilm, received the Prize for Best Musical Score in the 1959 All-Union Film Festival. In the same year, Ozerov first participated in a production, the Albanian-Soviet film Fortuna. Fortuna was also his first film about the Second World War, dealing with the Albanian partisans struggle, in 1962, he directed the Soviet-Czechoslovak co-production The High Road, a biographical film on Jaroslav Hašek with Josef Abrhám as the main protagonist

11.
Ion Popescu-Gopo
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Ion Popescu-Gopo was a Romanian graphic artist and animator, but also writer, movie director and actor born in Bucharest, Romania. He was a prominent personality in the Romanian cinematography and the founder of the modern Romanian cartoon school and he was, together with Liviu Ciulei and Mirel Ilieşiu one of the few Romanian film artists who won an award at Cannes in the 20th century. His film Scurtă Istorie won the Short Film Palme dOr for best short film in 1957 and his 1965 film The White Moor was entered into the 4th Moscow International Film Festival where he won the award for Best Director. In 1969 he was a member of the jury at the 6th Moscow International Film Festival, in 1977 he was a member of the jury at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1983 he was a member of the jury at the 13th Moscow International Film Festival, ion Popescu-Gopo attended the Academy of Fine Arts in Bucharest. He also attended courses in Moscow. He made Maria, Mirabela which is a Romanian-Russian co-production and his career started as a designer and cartoonist in 1939, publishing caricatures and editorial cartoons in newspapers. 1949 brought his debut in the industry with Punguţa cu doi bani. Since 1950 he started working for Studioul Cinematografic Bucureşti in the animation department and his most known cartoon character is a little black and white man sometimes referred to as Gopos Little Man after his creator. Later in his life Popescu-Gopo confessed that he tried to start an anti-Disney rebellion, unable to surpass Disneys animation characters in color and beauty, Popescu-Gopo tried to be more profound in message and substance and simplify the form and techniques used. Unlike Disneys cartoon characters, Popescu-Gopos cartoon characters were black and white, designed in simple lines

12.
Basu Chatterjee
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Basu Chatterjee is an Indian film director and screenwriter. He is best known for his films Chhoti Si Baat, Chitchor, Rajnigandha, Piya Ka Ghar, Baton Baton Mein, basu Chatterjee was born in Ajmer, Rajasthan, India. Chatterjee started his career as an illustrator and cartoonist with weekly tabloid, eventually he made his directorial debut with Sara Akash in 1969, which won him Filmfare Best Screenplay Award. The film was shot on location giving it a greater feel of actual reality. Chatterji himself identified with the milieu as he had brought up in Mathura. Some of his best films are Rajnigandha, Baton Baton Mein, Chhoti si Baat, Shaukeen, Swami, Apne Paraye, Dillagi, Chitchor, Khatta Meetha and Ek Ruka Hua Faisla. He also directed Dev Anand in Man Pasand, Rajesh Khanna in Chakravyuh and Amitabh Bachchan in Manzil and he has also directed many Bengali films like Hothat Brishti, Hochcheta Ki & Hothat Shei Din. He directed the TV Series Byomkesh Bakshi and the popular Rajani for Doordarshan and he was a member of the jury at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival in 1977. Chatterjee is a member of International Film And Television Club of Asian Academy of Film & Television and he had his retrospective as part of Kala Ghoda Art Festival Mumbai in February 2011. His daughter Rupali Guha is also a film director and her first Hindi film Aamras, released in September 2009, is a coming of age film involving four schoolgirls. Rupalis next, a Bengali film Porichoi with Prosenjit Chatterji, deals with estranged father-daughter relationship and she also produces TV serials under the Filmfarm banner. Her serials include Tumhari Disha, Rakhi Bhai Behen ka hai Pyaar, Dil se diya Vachan & Do Dil Bandhe Ek Dori Se for ZEE TV, Kashi for NDTV Imagine & Uttaran for COLORS

13.
Logan's Run (film)
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Logans Run is a 1976 American science fiction film directed by Michael Anderson and starring Michael York, Jenny Agutter, Richard Jordan, Roscoe Lee Browne, Farrah Fawcett and Peter Ustinov. The screenplay by David Zelag Goodman is based on the book Logans Run by William F. Nolan, the story follows the actions of Logan 5, a Sandman who has terminated others who have attempted to escape death, and is now faced with termination himself. After aborted attempts to adapt the novel, story changes were made including raising the age of last day from 21 to 30 and its filming was marked by special effects challenges in depicting Carrousel and innovative use of holograms and rare wide-angle lenses. The film won a Special Academy Award for its visual effects, in 1977, a short-lived TV series aired, though only 14 episodes were produced. Since 1994, there have been unsuccessful efforts to remake Logans Run. The citizens live a life but, to maintain the city. There, they are vaporized and ostensibly renewed, to track this, each person is implanted at birth with a life-clock crystal in the palm of their hand that changes color as they get older and begins blinking as they approach their Last Day. Most residents accept this promise of rebirth, but those who do not, Logan 5 and Francis 7 are both Sandmen. After terminating a Runner, to whose presence they were alerted during a Carrousel ritual, later that evening, he meets Jessica 6, a young woman also wearing an ankh pendant. The computer instructs Logan to find Sanctuary and destroy it, a mission he has to keep secret from the other Sandmen of Deep Sleep, which it code-names Assignment 033-03. It then, by a procedure it calls retrogram, changes the color of his life-clock to flashing red, in order to escape Carrousel, Logan is now forced to become a Runner. Logan meets Jessica and explains his situation and they meet with the underground group that leads them to the periphery of the city. Logan finds that the symbol is actually a key that unlocks an exit from the city. They come out into a cave, with Francis following closely behind. In the cave, they meet Box, a designed to capture food for the city from the outside. Logan discovers to his horror that Box also captures escaped Runners, before Box can freeze Logan and Jessica, they escape, causing the cave to collapse on the robot. Once outside, Logan and Jessica notice that their life-clocks are no longer operational and they discover that the remains of human civilization have become a wilderness. They explore an old, seemingly abandoned city, which was once Washington D. C, in the ruins of the United States Senate chamber, they discover an elderly man

14.
Michael Anderson (director)
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He was born in London, England, to a theatrical family. His parents were the actors Lawrence and Beatrice Anderson and his great-aunt was Mary Anderson of Louisville, Kentucky, who became one of the first American Shakespearian actresses, the Mary Anderson Theatre in Louisville was dedicated to her. He directed the first cinema adaptation of George Orwells 1984 and Around the World in 80 Days, for which he was nominated for an Academy Award and he also directed the 1968 film The Shoes of the Fisherman starring Anthony Quinn, Laurence Olivier and John Gielgud. He settled in Hollywood, making science fiction offerings as Doc Savage, The Man of Bronze. Logans Run was an expensive box-office success, contributing a box office of $50 million worldwide and boosting sales for its distributor, andersons later work was mostly made-for-television miniseries, including The Martian Chronicles, Sword of Gideon and Young Catherine. In 1988, he directed Bottega dellorefice, based on the 1960 play written by Karol Wojtyła, other films he has directed include All the Fine Young Cannibals, Flight from Ashiya, The Quiller Memorandum, Yangtse Incident and a film adaptation of Conduct Unbecoming. He is fluent in French, Italian, and German, in 2012, Michael Anderson received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Directors Guild of Canada. Anderson is currently the oldest living nominee for an Academy Award for Best Director, and his son Michael Anderson, Jr. is an actor who appeared in Logans Run, another son, David Anderson, is a film producer. Private Angelo Waterfront Women Hell Is Sold Out Night Was Our Friend Will Any Gentleman, the House of the Arrow The Dam Busters 1984 Around the World in 80 Days Yangtse Incident, The Story of H. M. S. The project was cancelled during pre-production after promotional material was printed and published in magazines such as Variety

15.
Mrigayaa
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Mrigayaa is a 1976 Hindi-language Indian period drama film directed by Mrinal Sen and produced by K. Rajeshwara Rao. Based on a story by Bhagbati Charan Panigrahi, called Inaam. The film portrayed the relationship between the British colonialists and native villagers, and their exploitation by Indian landlords in 1920s India and it also depicts the friendship between a British administrator, who has a flair for game hunting, and a native tribal, who is an expert archer. The lead actors, Mithun Chakraborty and Mamata Shankar, both made their cinematic debuts through the film, the film score was provided by Salil Chowdhury while K. K. Mahajan handled the cinematography. At the 24th National Film Awards, Mrigayaa won two awards—Best Feature Film and Best Actor and it also won the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Movie apart from being nominated for the Golden Prize at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival in 1977. Set in the 1930s, the film is about a group of tribals who live in a village in Orissa amidst wild animals like tigers and boars. Apart from the problems faced by the animals that ruin the harvest, they suffer in the hands of the greedy moneylenders. Around this time, a newly posted British administrator arrives at the village who happens to be passionate on hunting and he befriends Ghinua, a native tribal who is also an exceptional archer. The two get into a deal where Ghinua will be rewarded if he brings a big game, the story then focusses on Sholpu, a young revolutionary surreptitiously comes into the village to meet his mother. Knowing this, the police informer chases him till he reaches his house. However, he waits for his turn to punish Sholpu, suddenly there is a robbery in the village and one policeman is killed. The blame falls on Sholpu and the administrator declares a reward for his head, the informer takes the opportunity and kills Sholpu thereby claiming the reward. Sholpus death creates a tension between the tribals and non-tribals, during this time, Dungri, Ghinuas wife, is abducted by a moneylender. Ghinua kills the moneylender to bring his wife back, thinking that the time has come for the big game, he goes happily to meet the Sahab, the administrator. The Sahab, however, hangs him for committing a murder, till his death, Ghinua fails to understand why for the same action one is rewarded while the other is punished. Set in the 1930s, during the awakening of the Indian people against the British rule, Sen, who was making political films till then, decided to experiment on films that focus on personal relationships. He decided to film a village-based story and he incurred heavy losses from his previous venture Chorus. He was not able to repay the loan owing to the financial failure

16.
Mrinal Sen
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Mrinal Sen is an Indian filmmaker based in Kolkata. Along with his contemporaries Satyajit Ray and Ritwik Ghatak, he is considered to be one of the greatest ambassadors of Indian parallel cinema on the global stage. Like the works of Ray and Ghatak, his cinema is known for its depiction of social reality. Sen was born on 14 May 1923, in the town of Faridpur, after finishing high school there, he left home to come to Calcutta as a student. He studied physics at the well-known Scottish Church College, and subsequently earned a degree at the University of Calcutta. As a student, he got involved with the wing of the Communist Party of India. Although he never became a member of the party, his association with the socialist Indian Peoples Theatre Association brought him close to a number of like-minded culturally associated people, Sens interest in films started after he stumbled upon a book on film aesthetics. However, his interest remained mostly intellectual, and he was forced to take up the job of a medical representative, which took him away from Calcutta. This did not last very long, and he back to the city and eventually took a job as an audio technician in a Calcutta film studio. Mrinal Sen made his first feature film, Raat Bhore, in 1955 and it had the iconic Uttam Kumar who was not a star then. His next film, Neel Akasher Neechey, earned him recognition, while his third film. After making five films, he made a film with a shoe-string budget provided by the Government of India. This film, Bhuvan Shome, finally launched him as a major filmmaker, Bhuvan Shome also initiated the New Cinema film movement in India. The films that he made next were overtly political, and earned him the reputation as a Marxist artist and this was also the time of large-scale political unrest throughout India. Particularly in and around Calcutta, this period underwent what is now known as the Naxalite movement. This phase was followed by a series of films where he shifted his focus. This was arguably his most creative phase, in many Mrinal Sen movies from Punascha to Mahaprithivi, Kolkata features prominently. He has shown Kolkata as a character, and as an inspiration and he has beautifully woven the people, value system, class difference and the roads of the city into his movies and coming of age for Kolkata, his El-Dorado

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Kaneto Shindo
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Kaneto Shindo was a Japanese film director, screenwriter, film producer, and author. He directed 48 films and wrote scripts for 238 and his best known films as a director include Children of Hiroshima, The Naked Island, Onibaba, Kuroneko and A Last Note. His scripts were filmed by such directors as Kon Ichikawa, Keisuke Kinoshita, Fumio Kamei, Shindo was born in Hiroshima Prefecture, and he made several films about Hiroshima and the atomic bomb. Like his early mentor Kenji Mizoguchi, many of his films feature strong female characters and he was a pioneer of independent film production in Japan, founding a company called Kindai Eiga Kyokai. He continued working as a scriptwriter, director and author until his death at the age of 100, Shindo was born in 1912 in the Saeki District of Hiroshima Prefecture. He was the youngest of four children and his family were wealthy landowners, but his father went bankrupt and lost all his land after acting as a loan guarantor. His older brother and two went to find work, and he and his mother and father lived in a storehouse. His mother became a labourer and then died during his early childhood. His older brother was good at judo and became a policeman, one of his sisters became a nurse and would go on to work caring for atom bomb victims. The other sister married a Japanese-American and went to live in the USA, in 1933, Shindo, then living with his brother in Onomichi, was inspired by a film called Bangaku No Isshō to want to start a career in films. He saved money by working in a shop and in 1934, with a letter of introduction from his brother to a policeman in Kyoto. After a long wait he was able to get a job in the developing department of Shinkō Kinema. He was one of workers in the developing department. At this time he learned that films were based on scripts because old scripts were used as toilet paper and he would take the scripts home to study them. His job involved drying 200-foot lengths of film on a roller three metres long and two high, and he learned the relationship between the pieces of film he was drying and the scripts he read. When Shinkō Kinema moved from Kyoto to Tokyo in November 1935, many of the staff, the brother of the policeman who had helped Shindo get the job in Shinkō Kinema was one of them. He asked Shindo to take his place, and Shindo got a job in Shinko Kinemas art department run by Hiroshi Mizutani. Shindo discovered that many people wanted to become film directors, including Mizutani