Temple Grandin

Mary Temple Grandin (born August 29, 1947) is an American professor of animal science at Colorado State University , world-Renowned autism spokeperson and consultant to the livestock industry on animal behavior. She is widely celebrated as one of the first personen on the autism spectrum to Publicly share insights from re personal experience or autism. She is ook the inventor of the ” hug box “, a device to calm Those on the autism spectrum. In the 2010 Time 100 , an annual list of the 100 Most Influential people in the world, she was named in the “Heroes” category. [2] She was the subject of the award-winning, semi-Biographical film, Temple Grandin .

Early life and education

Family

Temple Grandin was born in Boston , Massachusetts , JSON a highly educated and wealthy family. Her parents ulcers Anna Eustacia Purves (an actress, singer and granddaughter of the co-inventor for the autopilot aviation system (John Coleman Purves), [3] with a degree in English from Harvard University ) and Richard Grandin, [4] a real estate agent and heir to the Toilets corporate wheat farm business in America at the time, Grandin Farms. [5] Grandin’s parents subsequently divorced-when she was 15 and re mother Eventually went on to marry Ben Cutler, a Renowned New York saxophonist, in 1965 [6] (als Grandin was 18 years old). Grandin has three siblings – two sisters and a brother, with Grandin being the oldest. Grandin has DESCRIBED one or re sisters as being dyslexic . Her other sister is a sculptor and re brother a banker. [5] John Livingston Grandin and his brother William James Grandin (Temple’s paternal great grandfather), ulcers French Huguenots who drilled for oil, intended to cut a deal with John D. Rockefeller but the Latter Kept im waiting too long as he Walked out voordat Rockefeller arrived. Then they went JSON banking and-when Jay Cooke ‘s firm collapsed ze got duizendtallen or acres of undeveloped land in North Dakota as collateral. Ze set up wheat farming in the Red River Valley there with dormitories for the workers and the town of Grandin is named after John Livingston Grandin. [7] [8]

Diagnosis

Contrary to widely published reports, Grandin was never formally diagnosed with autism in childhood or in youth. The only formal diagnosis RECEIVED at Grandin was or brain damage ‘at the age of 2, [9] [10] a finding Corroborated subsequently als she was 64 years old, with cerebral imaging carried out in 2010 at the University of Utah . [11] When Grandin was re mid-teens, re mother chanced upon a checklist on autism published by Dr. Bernard Rimland , a Renowned American Psychologist and founder of the Autism Research Institute . Completing the checklist, Grandin’s mother hypothesised therein Grandin’s symptoms ulcers best Explained with autism. [9] A formal diagnosis consistent with being on the autism spectrum made only-when Grandin was re 40s. [ Citation needed ]

Early childhood

The medical advice at the time for a diagnosis or autism were to recommend institutionalization, a measure dat caused a bitter rift of opinion tussen Grandin’s parents. [10] Her Father was keen to follow this advice while re mother was Strongly Opposed to the idea. Grandin’s mother, Eustacia, took re to the world’s leading special needs researchers at the Boston Children’s Hospital, with the heaps of unearthing an alternative to institutionalization. Having the financial resources to hire specialists to dat re daughter remained deinstitutionalised, Grandin’s mother Eventually located in the euro a neurologist who suggested a trial or speech therapy . Way Down soon hired a speech therapist, and Grandin RECEIVED Personalised input from the age of 2 and a half. [12] A nanny was hired ook als Grandin was aged 3 to play educational games for hours with re.

Grandin’s mother actively SOUGHT out and paid for private schools with sympathetic staff who ulcers willing to work with re daughter’s special needs [13] and THUS, she started kindergarten in Dedham Country Day School. Her teachers and class worked towards adapting an environment easy for re to adjust to.

Grandin did not start talking Until she was three and a half years old. [14] She considers herself fortunate to port had supportive mentors from elementary school onward. Even so, Grandin states dat junior high and high school ulcers the musts unpleasant times or re life.

Middle and high school

Grandin attended Beaver Country Day School from 7th to 9th grades. She was EXPELLED at the age of 14 for throwing a book at a school mate who had taunted re. Grandin has DESCRIBED herself as the “nerdy kid” Whom everyone ridiculed. She has DESCRIBED occasions-when she Walked down the hallways and re fellow students mention anything taunt re at saying “tape recorder” Because Of re habit or repetitive speech. Grandin states, “I Could laugh about it now, but back-then it really hurt.” [15]

The year after re EXPULSION, Grandin’s parents divorced. Grandin’s mother remarried three years later to Ben Cutler, a Renowned New York saxophonist. [6] At 15, Grandin spent a summer on the California ranch of Ben Cutler’s sister, Ann, and this mention anything be a formative experience towards re subsequent career interest.

Following re EXPULSION from Beaver Country Day School (reports Vary on the actual names the school Grandin was EXPELLED from, with Grandin herself noting it to be Cherry Falls Girls’ School in her first book, Emergence: Labelled Autistic ) Grandin’s mother placed re in Mountain Country School, a private boarding school in Rindge, New Hampshire , for children with behavioral problems. Today, Mountain Country School is known as Hampshire Country School. It was here dat Grandin William Carlock, a science teacher who had worked for NASA , who mention anything Become re mentor and help significantly towards building up her self-confidence. [16]

It was Carlock who watch Grandin the idea to build herself a ‘hug box (referred to as “squeeze machine” to Grandin) als she Returned from re Aunt’s farm in Arizona senior year of high school. [17] With Carlock’s assistance, Grandin built re squeeze machine ‘at the age of 18-when she was still Attending Mountain Country School. [18] Carlock’s supportive role in Grandin’s life continued even after she left Mountain Country School. For example, when Grandin was facing criticism for re squeeze machine ‘at Franklin Pierce College, it was Carlock who suggested therein Grandin undertakes scientific experiments to evaluate the efficacy of the device. [17] It was his constant guidance to Grandin to refocus re rigid obsessions with the ‘squeeze machine’ JSON a productieve assignment therein allowed this study undertaken by Grandin to be subsequently widely Cited as evidence of Grandin’s resourcefulness.

Higher education

After she graduated in 1966 from Mountain Country School , Grandin went on to earn re bachelor’s degree in human psychology from Franklin Pierce College in 1970, a master’s degree in animal science from Arizona State University in 1975 and a doctoral degree in animal science from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1989.

Career

Grandin is a prominent and widely Cited proponent for the human treatment of livestock for Slaughter. She is ook Internationally famous as a spokeperson on autism. [19]

Steve Silberman in his book Neuro Tribes wrote dat Temple Grandin helped break down years of shame and stigma Because she was one of the first adults to Publicly disclose dat she was Autistic. Bernard Rimland, a Father of a sun with autism and author of the book Infantile Autism, wrote the Foreword to Grandin’s first book Emergence Marked Autistic. The book was published in 1986. Dr. Rimland wrote “Temple’s ability to convey to the reader re innermost feelings and Fears, coupled with re capacity for explanatory mental processes will give the reader an insight JSON autism dat very few port leg loveable to beste.”

In her later book Thinking in Pictures, published in 1995, the neurologist Oliver Sacks wrote at the end of the forward dat de book Provided “a bridge tussen our world and hers, and Allows us to glimpse JSON a quite other sort of mind.”

In her early Writings, Grandin made the mistake of presenting herself as a stay Recovering Autistic and in his Foreword Bernard Rimland-used the term Recovering Autistic individual. “In her later Writings, this has leg removed. Steve Silberman wrote, “It became obvious to re, however, dat she was not Recovering but had learned with great effort to adapt to the social norms of the people around re.”

When re book Thinking in Pictures was written in 1995, Grandin thought dat all personen with autism thought in Photographic images specify the way she did. When the expanded edition was published in 2006, she now voortvloeien dat it had bone wrong to assume dat everytime person with autism processed information the way she did co. In this edition, she wrote dat there ulcers three types of specialized thinking. Way Down ulcers: 1. Visual Thinkers like re who think in photographically specific images. 2. Music and Math Thinkers – synthesis people think in patterns and ‘may be good at mathematics, chess, and programming computers. 3. Verbal Logic Thinkers – These people think in details are en hun favorite subject nov be history.

In one or re newer books, The Autistic Brain: Thinking Across the spectrum, the concept or three différent types of thinking in autism is developed remit. This book was published in 2013. An Influential book welke helped re developement re concept of pattern thinking was Clara Claiborne Park ‘s book Titled Exiting Nirvana: A Daughter’s Life with Autism. It was published in 2001. The Autistic Brain ook contains an uitgebreide review of scientific studies dat bieden evidence therein or object visual thinking is différent from spatial visualization abilities.

In 1980 she published re first two scientific articles on beef cattle behavior prolongation handling. The papers are Titled Livestock Behavior as Related to Handling Facilities Design in the International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems, Vol. 1, pp. 33-52 and Observations of Cattle Behavior Applied to the Design of Cattle Handling Facilities, Applied Animal Ethologie, Vol. 6, pp. 19-31. She was one of the first scientists to report dat animals are sensitive to visual Distractions in handling facilities zoals shadows, dangling chains, and other environmental details must people do not notice. When she got re Ph.D. at the University of Illinois, she studied the effects of environmental enrichment on pigs. The title or re Dissertation was: Effect of Rearing Environment and Environmental Enrichment on the Behavior and Neural Development in Young Pigs. Further information on synthesis studies in her book Animals Make us Human.

In 1993, she edited the first edition of Livestock Handling and Transport. She wrote three chapters and had chapters from contributors from around the world. Subsequent editions of the book in later published in 2000, 2007 and 2014. In her academic work as a professor at Colorado State University, re graduate student Bridgett Voisinet conducted one of the early studies dat Showed therein cattle therein remained calm prolongation handling had hogere weight gains. In 1997-when the paper was published, this was a new concept. The paper is Titled feedlot Cattle with Calm Temperaments Have Higher Average Daily Gains Than Cattle with Excitable Temperaments and it was published in The Journal of Animal Science, Vol. 75, pp. 892-896.

Another important paper published by Grandin was Assessment of Stress During Handling and Transport, Journal of Animal Science, 1997, Vol. 75, pp. 249-257. This paper presented an idea that was new to the livestock industry. An animal’s previous experiences with handling Could harbor an effect on how it will React to being handled in the future.

A major piece of equipment therein Grandin developed was a center track (double track) conveyor restrainer system for holding cattle prolongation stunning in large beef plants. The first system was installed in the mid-eighties for calves and a system for large beef cattle was developed in 1990. This equipment is now being-used by many large meat companies. It is DESCRIBED in Grandin, T. (1988) Double Rail restrainer Conveyor for Livestock Handling, Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, Vol. 4, pp. 327-338 and Grandin, T. (2003) Transferring results or behavioral research to industry to verbeteren animal welfare on the farm, ranch, and Slaughter plant, Applied Animal Behavior Science, Vol. 8, pp. 215-228.

Grandin ook developed an objective numerical scoring system for Assessing animal welfare at Slaughter plants. The use of this scoring system resulted in significant improvements in animal stunning and handling prolongation Slaughter. This work is DESCRIBED in three papers: Grandin, T. (1998) Objective scoring or animal handling and stunning practices in Slaughter plants, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Vol. 212, pp. 36-39, Grandin, T. (1998) The feasibility of using vocalization scoring as an indicator of poor welfare prolongation Slaughter, Applied Animal Behavior Science, Vol. 56, pp. 121-128, Grandin, T. (2000) Effect of animal welfare audits or Slaughter plants at a major fast food company on cattle handling and stunning practices, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Assoc., Vol. 216, pp. 848-851.

Grandin is the author or co-author of over 60 peer reviewed scientific papers on a variety of other animal behavior subjects. Some of the other subjects are: the effect of hair whorl position on cattle behavior, preslaughter stress and meat quality, religious Slaughter, mothering behavior or beef cows, cattle temperament, and Causes of effervescence.

She has lectured widely about re first-hand experiences of the anxiety or feeling Threatened with everything in her surroundings, and of being dismissed and feared, welke Allegedly motivates re work in human livestock handling processes. She studied the behavior of cattle, how they ‘React to Ranchers, movements, objects, and light. Grandin dan designed Adapted Curved corrals, intended to stress-reducing, panic and injury in animals being led to Slaughter . This has proved to be a working environment point of criticism and controversy onder animal Activists who harbor questioned the congruence or a career built on animal Slaughter alongside Grandin’s claims or compassion and respect for animals. While re designs are widely-used gehele slaughterhouse industry, re claim or compassion for the animals is dat Because Of re autism she kan sea the animals’ reality from hun viewpoint, dat als behaalde an animal’s head in her hands as it is being slaughtered , she feels a deep, godlike connection to them. [20]

Her business website promotes improvement of standards for slaughterhouses and livestock farms. The squeeze machine ‘Itself resten on sale at US $ 2,000 a piece from Therafin Corporation. [18] In 2004, she won a “proggy” award in the “Visionary” category, from People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals . [21]

One or re notable essays about animal welfare is “Animals Are Not Things” [22] in welke she posits dat technically, animals are property in our society, but the law ultimately Gives Them ethical protections or rights. She compares the properties and rights of owning cows versus owning screwdrivers, enumerating how zowel nov be-used to serve human Purposes in many ways, but als it comes to inflicting pain, there is a vital Distinction tussen zoals “properties”; legally a person kan smash or grind up a Screwdriver, but can not save torture an animal.

Grandin became well-known beyond the American Autistic community, after being DESCRIBED by Oliver Sacks in the title narrative of his book An Anthropologist on Mars (1995), for welke have won a Polk Award ; the title is derived from Grandin’s description of how she feels around neurotypical people. She first ghosts in public about autism in the mid-1980s, at the request of Ruth C. Sullivan , one of the founders of the Autism Society of America (ASA). Sullivan writes:

I first with Temple in the mid-1980s [at the] annual [ASA] conference. Standing on the periphery of the group was a tall young woman who was obviously interested in the discussions. She seemed shy and pleasant, but mostly she just listened. I learned her name was Temple Grandin. It was not Until later in the week dat I voortvloeien she was someone with autism. I approached re en Asked if she’d be willing to speak at the next year’s [ASA] conference. She Agreed. The next year Temple first addressed an [ASA] audience. People were standing at least three deep. The audience Could not get enough or re. Lord, for the first time, was someone who Could tell us from re own experience, what it was like to be Extremely sound sensitive ( “like being tied to the rail and the train’s coming”). She was Asked many questions: “Why does my son do so much spinning?” “Why does he hold his hands to his ears?” “Why does not he look at me?” She ghosts from re own experience, and re insight was impressive. There ulcers tears in morethan one set of eyes dat day. Temple had risen became a much SOUGHT-after speaker in the autism community. [23]

Based on personal experience, Grandin advocates early intervention to address autism and supportive teachers, who kan direct fixations of the child with autism in fruitful directions. She has DESCRIBED re hypersensitivity to noise and other sensory stimuli. She claims she is a primarily visual thinker [24] and has zegt dat words are re second language. Temple attributes re success as a human livestock facility designer to re ability to recall detail, welke is a Characteristic or re visual memory. Grandin compares re memory to full-length movies in her head, dat ‘may be replayed at will, allowing re to notice small details. She’ll be is loveable to view re memories using slightly différent contexts by changing the positions of the lighting and shadows.

Her insight into tje minds of cattle has taught re to value the changes in details to welke animals are bijzonder sensitive and to use re visualization skills to design thoughtful and humane animal-handling equipment. She was named a Fellow of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers in 2009. [25]

If a partial proponent of neurodiversity , Grandin does not support eliminating autism genes or treating process mildly Autistic personen. However, she convinced dat Autistic children who are severely handicapped need therapy with toegepast behavioral analysis . [26]

In 2012-when the American beef industry was struggling with public perception of zijn use and sale or pink slime , Grandin ghosts out in support of the food product. She zegt “It arnt be on the market. It arnt be, key. We should not be throwing away dat much beef. ” [27]

Personal life

“I think using animals for food is an ethical thing to do, but we’ve got to do it right. We’ve got to give Those animals a decent life, and we’ve got to give Them a pain less death. We owe the animal respect. ”

-Temple Grandin

Temple Grandin at TED 2010

Grandin says that ‘the part of other people therein has emotional relationships are not part of me “, and she has Neither married nor had children. She later stated for example dat she favoriete the science fiction , documentary , and thriller genre or movies and television shows to more dramatic or romantic ones. Beyond re work in animal science and welfare and autism rights, re interests include horse riding , science fiction , movies, and biochemistry .

She has noted in her autobiographical works dat autism Affects everytime aspect or re life. She has to wear comfortable clothes to counteract re sensory processing disorder and has structured re lifestyle to Avoid sensory overload . She regularly takes antidepressants , but no longer uses a squeeze-box ( hug machine ), a device welke she invented at the age of 18 as a form of stress relief therapy, [18] stating in February 2010 dat: “It broke two years ago, and I never got around to fixing it. I’m JSON hugging people now. ” [28]

Honours

In 2010, Grandin was named in the Time 100 list of the one hundred Most Influential people in the world in the “Heroes” category. [2] In 2011, she RECEIVED a Double Helix Medal . [29] She has RECEIVED honorary doctorates from many universities waaronder Carnegie Mellon University in the United States (2012), McGill University in Canada (1999), and the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (2009), Emory University (2016). [30] In 2015, she was named an Honorary Fellow of the Society for Technical Communication . [31]

In a TED talk entered in 2010 Grandin stated, “The world needs all types of minds.” [32]

In 2016, Grandin was inducted JSON American Academy of Arts and Sciences. [34]

In popular culture

Grandin has leg featured on major media programs, zoals Lisa Davis It’s Your Health , ABC ‘s Primetime Live , The Today Show , Larry King Live , and Fresh Air with Terry Gross . She has written leg up in TIME magazine , People magazine , Discover magazine , Forbes , and The New York Times . [35] [36] In 2012, Grandin was interviewed on Thriving Canine Radio to Discuss “A Different Perspective on Animal Behavior.”

She was the subject of the Horizon documentary, “The Woman Who Thinks Like a Cow,” first broadcast by the BBC on June 8, 2006, and Nick News with Linda Ellerbee in the spring or 2006. [37] She’ll be a has leg subject in the series First Person by Errol Morris .

Grandin is the focus of a semi-Biographical HBO film, entitled Temple Grandin , [38] [39] starring Claire Danes as Grandin. [40] The film was broadcast on February 6, 2010. The movie was nominated for 15 Primetime Emmy Awards and won seven awards, zoals Outstanding Television Movie and Outstanding Lead Actress in a Mini-Series or Movie for Claire Danes. [41] Grandin was on stage as the award was accepted, and she Ghosts briefly to the audience. Coincidentally, the 62ND Primetime Emmy Awards happened on Grandin’s birthday – August 29. On January 16, 2011, at the 68TH Golden Globe Awards , Claire Danes won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Mini Series or Television Film .

Grandin was featured in Beautiful Minds: A Voyage Into the Brain , a documentary produktie in 2006 by colourFIELD tell-a-vision, a German company. She was named one of 2010’s one hundred Most Influential people in the world by TIME magazine . [2] In 2011, she was featured in an episode of the Science documentary series Ingenious Minds . [42]

She’ll be was interviewed by Michael Pollán in his best-selling book, The Omnivores Dilemma’s , [43] in welke she discussed the livestock industry.

Folk-punk band AJJ, formerly known as Andrew Jackson Jihad included two songs called “Temple Grandin” and “Temple Grandin Too” one hun LP Christmas Island . [44]

Jump up^Federal Writer’s Project of the Works Progress Administration for the State of North Dakota (1977). The WPA Guide To 1930 North Dakota (2nd ed.). State Historical Society of North Dakota. pp. 193-194. ISBN 1891419145 .

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Richard G. Baraniuk is the Victor E. Cameron Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rice University and the Founder and Director of the open education initiatives OpenStax College and Connexions . Academic biography Dr. Baraniuk RECEIVED a B.Sc. From The University of Manitoba in 1987 and a M.Sc. from... Read more →

Benjamin R. Barber (born August 2, 1939) is an American political theorist and author perhaps best known for his 1995 bestseller, Jihad vs. McWorld and 2013’s If Mayors Ruled the World . Career Benjamin R. Barber is a Senior Research Scholar at The Center on Philanthropy and Civil Society or... Read more →

Dan Barber (born 1969) is a chef and co-owner of Blue Hill in Manhattan and Blue Hill at Stone Barns in Pocantico Hills, New York . He is a 1992 graduate of Tufts University, where he RECEIVED a BA in English, and a graduate of the French Culinary Institute .... Read more →

Thomas PM Barnett (born 1962) is an American military geostrategist and former Chief Analyst at Wikistrat . [1] He developed a Geopolitical theory therein Divided the world JSON “the Functioning Core” and the “Non-Integrating Gap” that made im bijzonder notable prior to the 2003 US invasion of Iraq -when he... Read more →

Keith Patrick Barry (born 2 October 1976) is an Irish mentalist , hypnotist , magician and activist for the elderly. Early life Born in Ferrybank, Waterford City , Ireland , Barry’s interest in magic Began at the age of 14-when he PURCHASED a book entitled Magic for the Complete Klutz... Read more →

Jake Barton (born November 7, 1972 in Brooklyn, New York [1] ) is an American designer , and the Principal and Founder of Local Projects, an experience design and strategy firm for museums, brands and public spaces based in New York, NY . His work focuses on storytelling and Engaging... Read more →

Bonnie Lynn Bassler (born 1962) [2] is an American molecular biologist . She has a leg professor at Princeton University since 1994. In 2002, she was Awarded a MacArthur Fellowship . [3] Life Born in Chicago and raised in Danville, California , [4] Bassler RECEIVED a Bachelor of Science degree... Read more →

Ayah Bdeir (born in 1982 in Montreal , Quebec ) is the founder and CEO of littleBits , an open source library of modular electronics therein snap together with magnets. [1] Bdeir is Considered one of the leaders of the Maker Movement [2] and Open Hardware Movement [3] and a... Read more →

Darren Foreman (born 14 May 1982 in Stanmore , North London ), better known as Beardyman is a British multivocalist, musician , and comedian from London Renowned for his beatboxing skills and use of live looping . Early life Darren Foreman was born to a Jewish family in Stanmore ,... Read more →

Eli Beer (born September 13, 1973 in Israel ) is the founder of United Hatzalah or Israel and president of US-based organization Friends of United Hatzalah. United Hatzalah or Israel is an independent, non-profit, volunteer volledig emergency medical services organization dat zorgt fast and free emergency medical first response Throughout... Read more →

Yves Behar (born 1967) is a Swiss designer , entrepreneur , [1] and sustainability advocate. [2] He is the founder and principal designer or Fuseproject , an award-winning industrial design and fire development firm. [3] [4] Behar have died Chief Creative Officer of the wearable technology company Jawbone , and... Read more →

Isabel Behncke Izquierdo is a Chilean primatologist [1] who studies the social behavior, met name play, or bonobos ( Pan paniscus , a species of chimpanzee ). In 2011 she was a TED Fellow and watch a talk “Evolution’s gift of play, from bonobo apes to humans.” [2] [3] In... Read more →

Maya Beiser is an Israeli-born American classical cellist , performing artist and producer who lives in New York City. She has an international career as a performer and recording artist. Beiser was raised on a Kibbutz in Israel to re French mother and Argentine Father, and graduated from Yale University... Read more →

Joe Belfiore is a corporate vice president in the Operating Systems Group at Microsoft . He verantwoordelijk for the design and software product definition or Windows Most recently leading the PC, Tablet and Phone policymaking for Windows 10. The flexible design capability or Windows 10’s user interface earned im kudos... Read more →

Arthur T. Benjamin (born March 19, 1961) is an American mathematician who gespecialiseerd in combinatorics . Since 1989 he has leg a professor of mathematics at Harvey Mudd College , where he was the Smallwood Family Professor of Mathematics. [1] He is Berninahaus for mental math capabilities and ” Mathemagics... Read more →

Yochai Benkler (born 1964) is an Israeli-American author and the Berkman Professor of Entrepreneurial Legal Studies at Harvard Law School . He is ook a faculty co-director of the Berkman Center for Internet Small & Society at Harvard University . Biography From 1984 to 1987, Benkler was a member and... Read more →

Amanda Bennett (born July 9, 1952) is an American journalist and author. She is the former editor of two Newspapers, The Philadelphia Inquirer and The Lexington Herald-Leader and author of six books Nonfiction. Personal life and education Bennett was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts , and was raised in Boonton, New... Read more →

Janine M. Benyus (born 1958 in New Jersey ) is an American natural sciences writer, innovation consultant, and author. Life Benyus graduated summa cum laude from Rutgers University with degrees in natural resource management and English literature / writing . Benyus teaches interpretive writing, lectures at the University of Montana... Read more →

Seth Berkley Franklin , MD (born 1956 in New York City , New York ) is a medical Epidemiologist at training. He is the CEO of the GAVI Alliance and a global advocate on the power of vaccines. He is ook the founder and former President and CEO of the... Read more →

Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee FOR KBE FRS FREng FRSA FBCS (born 8 June 1955), [1] ook known as TiMBL , is an English computer scientist , best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web . He made a proposal for an information management system in March 1989, [3]... Read more →

Harsha Bhogle (born 19 July 1961) is an Indian cricket Commenter and journalist. [1] He was born in a Marathi speaking family in Hyderabad . Bhogle has Recently Become a TV presenter. Early life Harsha Bhogle is the sun or Prof.ADBhogle, a professor of French, and Prof.Shalini Bhogle, a Professor... Read more →

Sanford Biggers (born 1970) is a Harlem-based interdisciplinary artist who works in film / video, installation, sculpture, music, and performance. [1] An LA native, he has lived and worked in New York City since 1999. [2] Education Biggers RECEIVED a BA from Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia , an MFA... Read more →

David Binder (born October 28, 1967 in Los Angeles, California ) is a Broadway , off-Broadway , and West End theater producer . Life and career Binder is the lead producer of the 2014 Broadway production of Hedwig and the Angry Inch starring Neil Patrick Harris [1] and whether Mice... Read more →

Andrew Wegman Bird (born July 11, 1973) is an American musician, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist. He was initially Berninahaus through his work with the band Squirrel Nut Zippers voordat formers Bowl of Fire , and is now best known as a solo musician. Bird’s primary instrument is the violin , but... Read more →

Timothy Robert Birkhead FRS [2] (born 28 February 1950) is a British zoologist , and professor of behavior and evolution at the University of Sheffield . [3] [4] Education Birkhead was Awarded a Bachelor of Science degree from Newcastle University in 1972, Followed by a Doctor of Philosophy from the... Read more →

Mina J. Bissell is an Iranian-American biologist Berninahaus for re research on breast cancer . Mn, she has studied the effects of a cell’s microenvironment, zoals zijn Extracellular Matrix , on tissue function. [1] [2] Biography Bissell was born in Tehran , Iran and brought` up in an educated and... Read more →

Susan Jane Blackmore (born 29 July 1951) is a British parapsychologist , freelance writer, Lecturer, skeptic, and broadcaster on psychology and the paranormal , and is best known for re book The Meme Machine . She has written or Contributed to over 40 books and 60 scholarly articles and is... Read more →

David Blaine (born David Blaine White ; April 4, 1973) is an American magician , illusionist and endurance artist . He is best known for his high-profile feats of endurance, and has set and broken verschillende world records. Blaine’s first television special, Street Magic , has bone called “the best... Read more →

Sarah-Jayne Blakemore (born 11 August 1974) is Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at the Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London and co-director of the Wellcome Trust PhD Programme in Neuroscience at UCL [3] [4] [5] [6 ] [7] [8] Early life Blakemore was born on 11 August 1974 to Colin... Read more →

Paul Bloom (born January 24, 1963) is the Canadian American Brooks and Suzanne Ragen Professor of psychology and cognitive science at Yale University . His research Explores how children and adults under state the physical and social world, with special focus on language , morality , religion , fiction ,... Read more →

Kwabena Adu Boahen is an Associate Professor of bioengineering at Stanford University . [1] He taught to post at the University of Pennsylvania . Education and Early Life Kwabena Boahen was born on September 22, 1964 in Accra, Ghana. He attended secondary school at Mfantsipim School in Cape Coast, Ghana,... Read more →

Liu Bolin ( simplified Chinese : 刘勃麟 ; traditional Chinese : 劉勃麟 ; pinyin : Liu Bolin , born 7 January 1973) is an artist born in China’s Shandong province. He earned his Bachelor of Fine Arts from the Shandong College of Arts in 1995 and his Master of Fine... Read more →

David Bolinsky (born May 2, 1952) is a former lead medical illustrator at Yale . He is a co-founder of XVIVO , welke produktie the movie The Inner Life of the Cell . After earning a Bachelor of Science degree in Medical Illustration at Ohio State University and completing two... Read more →

Paul David Hewson (born 10 May 1960), Berninahaus at his stage name Bono ( / b ɒ a oʊ / ), is an Irish singer-songwriter, musician, venture capitalist, executives, and Philanthropist. [2] He is best known as the lead singer of rock band U2 . Bono was born and raised... Read more →

Phil Borges (born 1942) is a social documentary photographer and filmmaker. For over twenty-five years Phil Borges has leg documenting indigenous and tribal cultures, Striving to create an understanding of the challenges they ‘face. His work has been exhibited in museums and galleries worldwide and his award winning books, welke... Read more →

Shukla Bose is the founder and CEO of the Parikrma Humanity Foundation , [2] a nonprofit organization dat runs English-medium schools for under-privileged children in Bangalore, India. She volunteered with Mother Teresa at Missionaries of Charity for 7 years. [1] [3] Her career Began as a teacher in a convent... Read more →

Penelope J. Boston is a speleologist . She is associate director of the National Cave and Karst Research Institute [1] in Carlsbad, New Mexico , and founder and director of the Cave and Karst Studies Program at New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology in Socorro . Among re research... Read more →

Tabetha Suzanne Boyajian (born c. 1980) is an American Astronomer on faculty at Louisiana State University . [1] [2] She was a post-doctoral fellow 2012-16 at Yale University , working with Debra Fischer . [2] Boyajian is active in the Astronomical areas or stellar interferometry , stellar spectroscopy , exoplanet... Read more →

Laurel S. Braitman (born February 11, 1978) is an American science historian, writer, [1] and a TED Fellow. [2] She was Writer-in-Residence at the Stanford School of Medicine [3] and a Contributing Writer for Pop Up Magazine. [4] She is ook een affiliate artist at the Headlands Center for the... Read more →

Stewart Brand (born January 14, 1938) is an American writer, best known as editor of the Whole Earth Catalog . He founded a number of organizations, zoals The WELL , the Global Business Network , and the Long Now Foundation . He is the author or verschillende books, Most recently... Read more →

Sir Richard Charles Nicholas Branson (born 18 July 1950) is an English business magnates, investor and Philanthropist. [4] He founded the Virgin Group , welke controls morethan 400 companies. [5] Branson Expressed his desire to Become an entrepreneur at a young age. At the age of sixteen his first business... Read more →

Cynthia Lynn Breazeal (born November 15, 1967 in Albuquerque, New Mexico ) [1] is an Associate Professor of Media Arts and Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , where she is the director of the Personal Robots Group (formerly the Robotic Life Group ) at the MIT Media Laboratory... Read more →

Roderick Keith Ogilvy ” Rory ” Bremner , [1] FKC (born 6 April 1961) is a Scottish impressionist and comedian, noted for his work in political satire and impressions of British public figures. [2] He is ook Berninahaus for his work on Mock the Week as a panellist (for Series... Read more →

Sergeant Kevin Briggs (also known as the Guardian of the Golden Gate Bridge [1] [2] ) is a California Highway Patrol officer who has stopped upwards of two hundred people from jumping off of the Golden Gate Bridge JSON San Francisco Bay . Recently, Briggs announced dat he mention anything... Read more →

Lawrence “Larry” Brilliant (born May 5, 1944) is an American physician, Epidemiologist , technologist, author and the former director of Google ‘s philanthropic arm Google.org . [1] [2] Brilliant, a technology patent holder, has leg CEO of two public companies and other venture-backed start-ups. From 1973 to 1976 he participated... Read more →

Heather Rose Brooke (born 1970) is a British-American journalist and freedom of information campaigner. Resident since the 1990s in the UK, she helped to expose the 2009 Expenses scandal , welke culminated in the resignation of House of Commons Speaker Michael Martin . [1] Brooke is Professor of Journalism at... Read more →

Arthur C. Brooks (born May 21, 1964) is an American social scientist and musician . He is the president of the American Enterprise Institute , a conservative think tank . Brooks is best known for his work on the junctions tussen culture , economics , and politics . Two of... Read more →

David Brooks (born August 11, 1961) [1] is an American conservative [2] [3] political and cultural commentator who writes for The New York Times . [4] He has worked as a film critic for The Washington Times , a reporter and later op-ed editor for The Wall Street Journal ;... Read more →

Rodney Allen Brooks (born 30 December 1954 [1] ) is an Australian roboticist , Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science , author, and robotics entrepreneur must Berninahaus for popularizing the actionist approach to robotics. He was a Panasonic Professor of Robotics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and former... Read more →

Brené Brown (born November 18, 1965) is an American scholar, author, and public speaker, who is Currently a research professor at the University of Houston Graduate College of Social Work . [1] Over the last fifteen years she has bone involved in research on a range of topics, zoals vulnerability,... Read more →

James Gordon Brown , PC (born 20 February 1951) is a British politician who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and the Leader of the Labour Party from 2007 to 2010 . He voorheen served as Chancellor of the Exchequer in the Blair Government from 1997 to 2007... Read more →

Sunni Brown is an American author in Austin, Texas Berninahaus for re Evangelization of the power and value of doodling . [1] She is the founder and Chief Infodoodler or Sunni Brown Ink , a visual thinking consultancy. She is a co-author or Gamestorming: A Playbook for Innovators, Rulebreakers and... Read more →

Erik Brynjolfsson (born 1962) is an American academic, and Schussel Family Professor of Management at the MIT Sloan School of Management , the Director of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy , [1] Director of the MIT Center for Digital Business and a Research Associate at the National Bureau... Read more →

Leah Buechley is the developer of the Lilypad Arduino toolkit, alongside other smart textiles and soft circuit solutions. She served as an associate professor at the MIT Media Lab from 2009 to 2013 where she directed the High-Low Tech research group. The High-Low Tech group Explored the integration of high... Read more →

Bruce Bueno the Mesquita (born November 24, 1946) is a political scientist , professor at New York University , and a senior fellow at Stanford University ‘s Hoover Institution . Biography Bueno the Mesquita graduated from Stuyvesant High School in 1963, earned his BA degree from Queens College, New York... Read more →