WASHINGTON (AP) — Senate Democrats, joined by three Republicans, pushed through a measure Wednesday intended to revive Obama-era internet rules that ensured equal treatment for all web traffic, though opposition in the House and the White House seems insurmountable.

Republicans on the short end of the 52-47 vote described the effort to reinstate “net neutrality” rules as “political theater” because the GOP-controlled House is not expected to take up the issue and the Senate’s margin could not overcome a presidential veto.

Democrats, however, were undeterred, saying their push would energize young voters who are tech savvy and value unfettered access to the internet. “This is a defining vote. The most important vote we’re going to have in this generation on the internet,” said Democratic Sen. Edward Markey of Massachusetts, who sponsored the measure.

At issue are rules that the Federal Communications Commission repealed in December that prevented providers such as AT&T, Comcast and Verizon from interfering with internet traffic and favoring their own sites and apps. Critics, including the Trump administration, said overregulation was stifling innovation, and they backed the FCC’s move, which is still set to take effect next month.

Markey said net neutrality has worked for the smallest voices and the largest, but he said internet service providers are trying to change the rules to benefit their interests.

Republicans said they were willing to work with Democrats on enshrining the principle of net neutrality in legislation. But they wanted to also ensure that regulatory efforts didn’t get in the way of innovation and quickly evolving internet services.

Sen. John Thune, R-S.D., said the internet thrived long before the Obama administration stepped in with rules in 2015, and he predicted that when the FCC repeal is in place, consumers won’t notice a change in their service.

“That’s what we’re going back to: rules that were in place for two decades under a light-touch regulatory approach that allowed the internet to explode and prosper and grow,” Thune said.

But the FCC’s move has stirred fears among consumer advocates that cable and phone giants will be free to block access to services they don’t like or set up “fast lanes” for preferred services — in turn, relegating everyone else to “slow lanes.”

Joining all Democratic senators in voting to reverse the FCC’s action were GOP Sens. Susan Collins of Maine, John Kennedy of Louisiana and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska.

In recent months, Republicans have used the tools made available in the Congressional Review Act to overturn several environmental, health and safety rules put into place in the final months of the Obama administration. This time, however, it was Democrats who led the effort to kill a rule supported by the Trump administration.

“This is our chance, our best chance to make sure the internet stays accessible and affordable to all Americans,” said Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y.

Ohio Senators Sherrod Brown and Rob Portman each released statements:

Brown (D): “Net neutrality is about keeping the internet accessible for small businesses, students, entrepreneurs, startups, and Ohioans looking for jobs. We shouldn’t be putting internet access out of reach for Ohioans to pad the pockets of the biggest telecomm executives.”

Portman (R): “I support a law to protect consumers and secure an open internet, not a partisan regulatory process at the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) that can be easily changed from administration to administration. Regardless of whether the FCC is chaired by a Republican or Democrat – Congress should set the rules for the internet and act on legislation that would prevent blocking, throttling, and paid prioritization of internet traffic. I have spoken with Chairman Thune and he made a commitment to me that he is proceeding on bipartisan legislation that embodies these principles. Moreover, I don’t believe the FCC had the legal authority to do what it did in 2015, and that’s another reason I voted against the CRA today. We should not resurrect rules that should not have been done by the regulatory process in the first place. It’s time for the Senate to do the hard work necessary to find a bipartisan, sustainable path forward that would protect consumers and provide certainty for innovators and small businesses.”

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