The menstrual cycle is caused by the changes in a woman's body that happen when an egg develops and the body prepares for a possible pregnancy. The menstrual cycle starts when you have a period. The first day of bleeding is called 'day one' and the cycle ends the last day before the next period starts.

A normal menstrual cycle is about three to six weeks (21-42 days) from the first day of one period to the first day of the next period. 28 days is the most common. At first, periods can be very irregular but after the first year they usually settle into a pattern. The pattern is different for each woman. The length of the menstrual cycle can also vary for each woman. Things such as stress, weight loss, exercise and travelling can affect the length of the cycle.

The main problems that you may experience are Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) or Period Pain. PMS is most likely caused by the changes in hormone levels. Period pain is thought to be caused by an increase in activity of body chemicals.

Signs & Symptoms - Period Pain

Spasms, cramping or 'dragging' pain across the lower abdomen and/or lower back

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea

Stomach bloating

Headache

Occasional shakiness, dizziness

Medication:

PMS - Some studies have shown that women taking 50mg of B6 and B1 in the days before a period may have some relief.

Treatment

Diet

Phytoestrogens are estrogen-like compounds produced by certain plants. Food sources of phytoestrogens include soy products, flaxseeds, chick peas, pinto beans, french beans, lima beans, and pomegranates. Phytoestrogens can lighten menstruation and lengthen menstrual cycles. On the other hand, researchers have found that women who were fed soy-based formulas in infancy instead of cow's milk are more likely to report heavy menstrual bleeding and painful periods in adult life.