This task has been intiated through the development of essential plant habitat by the HPPRCC and CH designations, but needs to be refined for each species and its full recovery needs.

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

1

13

Ensure long-term protection of habitat

Ongoing Not Current

Prior to FY 1995

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners

Acquisition: Lease

Internal Administrative

This task is complete for watershed partnerships for East Maui, West Maui Mountains, and East Molokai; Lanaihale through a cooperative agreement with Castle and Cooke and the Service; and Kahoolawe Island Restoration Commission.

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

1

142

Provide necessary fire protection

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service

Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation

Contract

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

1

143

Provide necessary fire protection

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service

Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation

Contract

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

1

145

Propagate and maintain genetic stock of each taxon ex situ

Ongoing Not Current

Prior to FY 1995

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Botanical Gardens, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service

Management: Propagation

Contract

The existing ex situ collections are not genetically adequate. The Maui Nui genetic safety net program, initiated in early 2006, will collect full genetic representation of all species with fewer than 50 individuals remaining in the wild on Molokai, Maui, and Lanai.

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

1

146

Ensure availability of pollination vectors

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service

Management: Other

Contract

For most species in this recovery plan, the pollinator still needs to be determined.

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

1

147

Protect areas from human distrubance

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners

Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation

Contract

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

1

149

Control all other identified threats

Not Started

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners

Management: Predator and Competitor Control

Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance

This task has not started because no other threats have been identified.

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

2

21

Select populations for expansion

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, Private landowners

Management: Reintroduction

Contract

This task is limited based on the material available in ex situ collections.

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

2

22

Prepare sites and plant

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, Private landowners

Management: Reintroduction

Contract

This task is limited based on the material available in ex situ collections.

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

2

31

Collect diagnostic data on crucial associated ecosystem components

Ongoing Not Current

Prior to FY 1995

Other

Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division

Research: Habitat Requirements

Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance

Critical habitat, and the suitable habitat from which critical habitat was derived, has been identified for all species in this recovery plan. Additional studies are needed to develop more precise microclimate needds for each species.

The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during propagation, field surveys, and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand this aspect of the species.

The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during propagation, field surveys, and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand this aspect of the species.

Identify and test potential biocontrol agents for host specificity and efficacy of control

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

Hawaii Department of Agriculture

Research: Management Techniques

Contract

Some testing has occurred for control of members of the Melastomataceae and for Christmas berry, but the biocontrol agents tested to date are not very effective.

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

2

38

Evaluate results and use in future management

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources

Research: Management Techniques

Contract

Recovery Plan for the Multi-Island Plants

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Na`ena`e

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

3

4

Develop and implement long-term monitoring programs for all species

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Botanical Gardens, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service

This task is considered for any species with fewer than 50 individuals remaining in the wild. The Maui Nui GSN program will look for reintroduction sites to conduct small-scale management and reintroduction for such species on Molokai, Maui, and Lanai.