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The MSM community is a heterogeneous and hidden population in Malaysia due to stigma, cultural and religious influences.

Previous studies looking at the HIV prevalence within the MSM population in Kuala Lumpur such as the venue day time sampling (Kanter et al, 2011) recorded surprisingly low levels of HIV. (VDTS -3.9%)

The Objective of the study was to describe the risk behaviours and estimate the prevalence and risk factors of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B in high risk MSM attending a voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) centre in Kuala Lumpur.

High risk behaviour was defined as MSM who engaged in unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) in the previous 6 months

Clients completed a self- administered questionnaire on sexual behaviour, alcohol and substance use and HIV/STI testing and knowledge

Each client was tested for HIV using a rapid test kit (Intec, Korea) and venous blood was tested for syphilis (RPR and TPPA) and Hepatitis B (hepatitis B surface Antigen and surface antibody)

Highest rates of HIV prevalence reported to date within high risk MSM in Kuala Lumpur

Syphilis prevalence very similar to that of HIV and may be fuelling the HIV epidemic within the MSM population

High levels of UAI and recreational drug use particularly for the purposes of sex are prevalent within this population

There is an urgent need to provide more effective and targeted HIV prevention education and strategies to combat the spread of HIV infection within the MSM community in Malaysia

Future studies need to look at HIV incidence within established MSM cohorts, the role of cultural and religious norms and perceived stigma on risk behaviour, the impact of newer HIV prevention strategies on HIV incidence and include online recruitment given the high numbers that use the internet to solicit partners for sex