A breast enlargement (augmentation) is a surgical operation performed to enlarge the breasts and is accomplished by inserting a breast implant either behind the breast tissue or under the chest muscles. Incisions are made to keep scars as inconspicuous as possible, usually under the breast, around the lower part of the areola, or in the armpit. Breast implants are manufactured in a variety of shapes, sizes, and with either smooth or textured surfaces.

Women who have large breasts may experience a variety of problems from the weight and size of their breasts, such as back, neck, and shoulder pain, and skin irritation. Or they may just feel that the size of their breasts do not match their overall body physique. In such cases, a breast reduction may be an option to create a reduced, youthful and naturally shaped breast.

Many women feel that their breasts do not match their overall body physique or they may be displeased with the changes to their breasts which come about through normal ageing, after pregnancy or following menopause. In such cases, a breast lift (mastopexy) is an option to help create a more youthful and naturally lifted breast appearance.

Gynaecomastia is a medical term that refers to male breast overdevelopment. Though this condition is rarely talked about, it's actually quite common. Gynaecomastia affects an estimated 40 to 60 percent of men. It may affect only one breast or both. Though certain drugs and medical problems have been linked with male breast overdevelopment, there is no known cause in the vast majority of cases.

After a mastectomy, some women choose to have cosmetic surgery to re-create their breast. This surgery can be performed during the mastectomy itself or later. Depending on the case, a breast reconstruction is performed using either breast implants or natural tissue (where the breast is reshaped using muscle, skin, and fat from another part of the body).