4
Groups

The Group system lets you organize the objects you manage into logical categories for more efficient management and administration. You can organize groups based on any criteria you determine, such as function, department, geographical location, or number of administrators. You can then place the groups on a map or graphical view of the network making it easy to locate, diagnose, and act on encountered conditions. The system also lets you assign jobs to groups and monitor their status. The Groups system is especially useful for managing environments with many databases and services.

Group View Pane

The Group view pane provides a graphical custom view of your managed environment and is displayed when any group is selected in the Console Navigator. As with any object in the Navigator, the appropriate group view is displayed in the detail area of the Console. See Figure 4-1, "Navigator and Group Panes" for an illustration of a Group view.

Note that groups are also displayed in the Navigator. To display the members of a group in this pane, expand the group by clicking the "+" symbol next to the group name. By default, the Group folder is empty.

Figure 4-1 Navigator and Group Panes

Managing Groups

A group is a collection of targets, such as databases, listeners, nodes or HTTP servers, that share a common location or function. You can create, modify, and remove groups to further organize your network view. Different types of objects, like databases and listeners, can be grouped together.

Groups appear in two places: the Navigator and the Group View pane, once a group is created.

A group is represented in the Navigator by an icon and a name. You can double-click on the group's icon to expand the group, and view and update the group's members and sub-groups.

The Group View pane gives you a graphical view of the objects in the group and their individual status. You can also add background maps to the Group pane to better visualize locations of particular objects.

Grouping nodes or services can simplify tasks that are applied to all members of the group. For example, in order to execute a SQL script on all the databases in the CHI_MAIL group, you can use the Job Scheduling services to schedule a job on the group. The job that executes the SQL script is scheduled on all the databases in the group. The job will not be applied to any other objects in the group.

Note:

Jobs and events applied to a target before it joins a group will not be applied to the group retroactively. You must re-apply any jobs or events you want to apply to the entire group.

Important:

If you submit a job or event against a group that contains a mixture of manually configured and discovered targets, the job or event will only be submitted against the discovered targets. If all the targets in a group are manually configured, then the job/event submitted against that group will fail.

Automatic Group Refresh

The Group View page can be refreshed automatically or manually.

Manual Refresh

The Group View page can be refreshed manually by clicking the Refresh button located at the bottom of the Group View page. When you refresh manually, only the currently selected group is refreshed.

Automatic Refresh

When refreshed automatically, all group views currently open for viewing by the administrator are refreshed.

Automatic refresh, along with the refresh frequency, can be set from the Group View page or from the General page of the Edit Administrator Preferences property sheet. Administrators can set a refresh interval greater than or equal to the minimum refresh interval set for all administrators by the Super Administrator. The minimum refresh interval can be changed from the General page of the Edit Administrator Preferences property sheet. Changing the minimum refresh interval can only be performed by Super Administrators. By default, the minimum refresh interval is five minutes.

In general, it is best to refresh group views manually. However, for situations where a Group View page needs to be displayed for extended monitoring periods, automatic refresh can be used.

Important:

Setting an automatic refresh frequency too high (low interval value) may impact network and system performance.

Creating a Group

To create a group:

Right-click on the Groups folder to display the context-sensitive menu and choose Create. The Create Group property sheet appears.

On the General page of the Create Group property sheet, fill in the requisite identification information.

From the Available Targets list, select the specific target(s) you want to appear in the group. By holding down the Shift (in sequence) or Alt (random) key, you can select multiple objects.

Click Add to move the items to the Selected Targets list.

Click on the Access tab to set administrator access privileges.

Click on the View tab to see a graphical representation of the group. You can re-arrange the icons on this page according to your requirements.

Click Create to save the group.

Once the group has been defined, it appears in the Navigator. Selecting the group in the Navigator displays the View, General, and Access pages for that specific group in the detail view. You can modify the group as needed.

To add an object to a group, click on the General tab. Select the desired object(s) from the Available Targets list, and then click Add. Alternatively, you can drag and drop objects within the Navigator to any group.

To add an existing group to another existing group, you can drag and drop one group to another within the Navigator. To add an existing group to a new group, select the desired group from the Available Targets list on the General page and click Add.

Note:

When you create a group, it appears at the root level of the Groups folder. This also applies when you create subgroups; even though the subgroup appears at the appropriate level in the group hierarchy, it also appears at the root of the Groups folder.

Figure 4-2 Create Group General Page

Group General Page

This page allows you to define the group and its content. The General page consists of the following:

Group Name

Enter a unique name for the new group in the Group Name field of the dialog box.

Use background

Check this option if you want to display an image in the background of the group's View pane. When checked, you can select one of the standard images from the drop-down list. These standard files are provided in the oracle_home\classes\oracle\sysman\resources\images directory located on both the machine running the client Console and the machine running the Management Server. The Java-based Console reads the images from the local images directory. The browser-based Console reads the images from the machine running the Management Server.

The sample images included are:

asia.gif

europe.gif

japan.gif

usa.gif

world.gif

You do not need to specify an explicit path for graphics located in this directory. Specify only the file name, such as usa.gif. You can use .GIF or .JPG graphic files. When a new image is added to a group, the file name is stored in the repository.

Note:

If you want to use your own custom images, and make them available to all Consoles across your enterprise, you will need to install the images on all Management Server machines as well as all machines running the Java-based Console. Any new images added to the image directory will not appear in the drop-down list. Administrators wishing to use the new graphic must specify the exact name of the file.

Icons

Determine whether you want to display large or small icons in the group.

Selected Targets

List of targets that have been added to the group.

Available Targets

Tree list displaying all targets and existing groups that can be added to the current group.

Add

Moves objects selected in the Available Targets list to the Selected Targets list.

Remove

Moves objects from the Selected Targets list back to the Available Targets list.

Group Access Page

Determine the permissions that you want to assign to the group with the Access page. This allows other users to view or modify the group. Any permissions assigned on this page over-write any user default permissions. See "Access" for an explanation of the permissions that can be assigned.

Figure 4-3 Group Access Page

Manipulating Group Views

Groups are populated by adding targets from the specific group's Available Targets list on the General page. Groups can also be populated by dragging and dropping databases, groups, nodes, listeners or any other discovered targets in the Navigator into the appropriate group in the Navigator Groups folder. You can create, update, and save any number of groups. In addition, you can add a graphic as a background to the group for visual identification or to graphically show the location of nodes. For example, you can use a group drawing of a city or state for the background of your group. Once a group is created, it can be manipulated like any other object in the Navigator.

Monitoring Status

Probably the most important aspect of the Enterprise Manager Group system is that it provides an efficient way to monitor the alerts reported by the event system. If the object or group has events registered against it, a flag showing the state of the event condition is displayed. If an object in a group has more than one event registered against it, the flag will represent the most severe alert condition.

If the flag is green, there are no problems on the monitored objects.

If the flag is yellow, there is a condition detected that should be checked.

If the flag is red, there is a severe problem detected by an event and the object requires immediate attention.

If the flag is gray, the status of the object is unknown. For example, the UpDown event is registered to a database but the node is unavailable. The gray flag will only display if an up/down test is explicitly registered for the object.

If there is no flag, then the object is not being monitored. Note that groups within groups do not show a status monitor when the event is clear (green).

If there is a yellow hexagon, there is an error state (yellow hexagon). An error state indicates there is a problem with the evaluation of the event condition, as opposed to a threshold being met. Examples of error states are: registering an Archive Full event against a database in non-archivelog mode, registering an event that monitors segments but specifying a filter that excludes all available segments.

Groups inherit the worst state of any of the members. If one target in a group is down (status of the target is unknown), the group displays a gray flag.

Note:

For status monitors to display on a group or object, an Intelligent Agent must be running on the node where the object is located.

Expanding Objects

Some group objects, such as database objects and defined group objects, can be expanded in the Group detail view by double-clicking on the object's icon. You can double-click on some objects to open property sheets. The property sheets allow you to both view and alter the properties of the objects. You can double-click on databases to display property sheets.

Some group objects, such as databases, can also be expanded within the Console Navigator. All groups appear in the Navigator's Group container.

Groups

When you double-click on a group icon, the Edit Group property sheet displays for that group. You can add or remove objects from the group via the Available/Selected Targets lists on the General page. In addition, you can delete objects from the group by selecting them and pressing the Delete key, or clicking the right mouse button and selecting Remove Item from Group.

Databases and Other Discovered Targets

When you double-click on a database or other discovered target within a group, you connect to that service. The instance property sheet displays if that service is a database. If the connection to the database fails for any reason, the Login Information dialog box displays. See "Preferred Credentials" for information on preferred credentials.

Launching Applications from a Group

You can launch a database application using an object in the group. Select a database icon in the Group View pane, then select a tool from the Console Tools menu or Tool drawers. You are connected to the database according to the user credentials that have been set up for the system. See "Preferred Credentials" for more information on user credentials.

Adding Objects to a Group

To add objects to a group, drag and drop the object from its location on the Navigator to the group.

Note:

Only one copy of an item can exist in the group.

When you add objects in a group, the updates are reflected in every occurrence of the group. Any updates to a group are automatically saved as the updates are made.

Deleting Objects from the Group

To delete objects in a group view pane, you can select the object and press the Delete key, choose Remove Item from Group from the context-sensitive menu, or remove items from the Selected Targets list on the General page. Objects in the Navigator can be removed via context-sensitive menu option or by selecting the object and pressing the Delete key.

Modifying a Group

You can modify the properties of a group.

Select a group in the Navigator.

Click the General tab. The name of the group is automatically entered in the name field. The name cannot be modified.

Modify the properties for the group.

Click the Apply button when you have finished.

Removing Groups

There are two types of group removal:

Remove the group from within another group. This does not affect the existence of the group in the system or in any other groups.

Remove the group completely (delete). This removes the group from every group where it has been copied.

After you select a group, there are multiple ways to remove it:

Delete the group completely by choosing a group (that is not inside another group) and selecting the Delete menu item from the group's context menu.

Delete the group completely by choosing a group (that is not inside another group) and pressing the <DELETE> key.

Remove a sub-group from within another group by expanding the desired group in the Console Navigator and choosing Remove Item from group from the context-sensitive menu. This will remove the sub-group from the selected group, but will not affect the sub-group's existence in other groups.

Remove a sub-group from within another group by selecting the Delete menu item from the group's context menu. This will remove the sub-group from the selected group, but will not affect the sub-group's existence in other groups.

Remove a sub-group from within another group by pressing the <DELETE> key. This will remove the sub-group from the selected group, but will not affect the sub-group's existence in other groups.

Viewing Reports for Targets within a Group

If you have already configured the Enterprise Manager Reporting website, you can view a variety of generated reports for objects within the group. See Chapter 8, "Enterprise Manager Reporting" for more information.