Thanks to their capillary-like structure and its high aspect ratio of carbon nanotubes CNTs provide a well-characterized container material for hosting miscellaneous ﬁllings and loading of drugs on its surface have emerged as a novel tool for the delivery of therapeutic molecules into cells. Targeted drug delivery is one of the most promising bioapplications of carbon nanotubes. Extensive work has been performed to synthesise CNTs and to functionalise them both exohedrally, i.e. by attaching functional elements to the outer shell, and endohedrally by ﬁlling with various materials. The container feature of CNTs allows, in principle, simultaneous ﬁlling of CNTs with different materials. In the present article is to review the use of carbon nanotubes as a carrier in the treatment of cancer. Studies on functionalization or filling of these nanoparticles with various drugs and their impact on the drugs compared to non-carriers will be examined.