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1 The Civil War Name: Directions: Using the Civil War PowerPoint, click through the slides to help you complete your note packet on the Civil War. Remember, these will be your notes to study from, so be sure to completely fill them in and to take time to carefully analyze all images and videos. You may have to pause or rewind the videos to ensure that you get all of the information! Slides 2 3 Directions: Complete the Following Graphic Organizer, Filling in the Missing Information. Cause of the War Sectionalism What this Means Americans had a greater loyalty to their own section of the country rather than the country as a whole. Slavery Westward Expansion Increased Demand was brought about by the cotton gin, while abolitionists tried to end it. The problem of whether these new states should enter the country as free or slave states led to disagreement. State s Rights Southerners thought they had the right to reject federal laws and leave the Union if they wished. What does Secession Mean? To break away of withdraw. Slides Which southern states voted for Lincoln? Why was the election of 1860 an example of Sectionalism? None. The southern states were too interested in having slavery and state s rights, rather than who may be the best president. 2. What Percentage of the Popular Vote did Lincoln Win? What percentage of the Electoral Vote did He win? 39.5% of the popular Vote, 59% of the Electoral Vote 1

2 Slides 6-7 Directions: Complete the graphic Organizer based on the slides. Name of Country: The North United States (Union) President: Abe Lincoln The South Confederate States Jefferson Davis Date It Became a Country: July 4, 1776 Dec 1860 Slides 8 10 Directions: Fill in the List of States on Each Side Below, then answer the questions. The North The South Border States California Georgia Missouri Oregon Louisiana Kentucky Minnesota Arkansas West Virginia Kansas Texas Maryland Iowa Mississippi Delaware Wisconsin Tennessee Illinois Alabama Indiana Georgia Ohio South Carolina Pennsylvania North Carolina New York Virgina New Jersey Florida Connecticut Rhode Island Massachusetts New Hampshire Vermont Maine What is a Border State? A slave state that was in between the North and the South. Which side did the Border States eventually join? The Union What was Lincoln s main goal at the start of the Civil War? To keep the Union together. 2

3 Slides Directions: Complete the passage below based on the Film. The Civil War began on April 1861 when the Confederate States of America fired on Fort Sumter. This is located in the state of South Carolina. They fired on it because Union soldiers refused to leave it. President Lincoln first selected Robert E Lee (then General McClellan) as the head of the Union Army. President of the Confederate States of America, Jefferson Davis, named Robert E Lee head of the Confederate Army. People on both sides thought that the war would end quickly. During the first battle of the war, the Battle of Bull Run, people from Washington came in wagons and brought picnics to watch the battle! They were soon shocked to see the reality of what war would be like. In fact, they were shocked to see that the Confederate Army won, sending the Union army retreating back to Washington. After the loss at this battle, Lincoln named Ulysses Grant head of the Union Army. Women played an essential role in the war effort. They cooked and cleaned at army camps. They also worked as spies and nurses. One woman was known as the Angel of the Battlefield and later started the Red Cross. Her name was Clara Barton. Base your answers to the following questions on slide 19. Who does the soldier in grey represent? A Confederate Soldier Who does the soldier in blue represent? A Union soldier What does the political cartoon show? The Confederate soldier chasing the Union soldier back to Washington, DC at Bull Run. Read the passage on slide 20 and answer the following Question. 3

4 If the Confederate Army had followed the Union Army back to Washington, DC, after they retreated, what might have happened? They might have captured the capital and won the war! Slides Directions: Complete the following graphic organizer based on the slides. Be sure to fully explain! Advantages of the North: 1. Larger Population: More people meant more could fight for the Union and more could work in wartime industries. 2. Factories: Most industry was in the north. This meant more supplies, such as weapons. 3. Railroads: Most railroad lines were in the North, which meant easier transportation of supplies and troops. 4. More money! Advantages of the South: 1. Experienced Military Officers: Many Southern families sent their sons into the military. This meant that the South had many excellent military commanders. 2. Home Field Advantage: Because most of the war took place in the South, they could easily organize their troops, didn t have to move supplies too far and had the motivation to defend their land! Based on slides 23 and 24, what percentage of farmland did the North have? What percentage did the South have? 65% North, 35% South What percentage of workers in industry did the North have? What about the South? 92% North, 8% South 4

5 Approximately what percentage of the overall population lived in the Union states? 63% Slides Directions: Complete the following graphic organizer based on the slides. Be sure to fully explain! War Strategies of the North War Strategies of the South 1. Capture Richmond 1. Capture Washington, DC 2. Blockade Southern Ports 2. Move troops into Maryland and Pennsylvania to cut the states in the Northeast off from those in the North West. 3. Cut off Confederate States west of the Mississippi River from those on the east. 3. Use most of the troops to defend the South. 4. Cut the east and west supply lines of the Confederacy. Leave this box blank. What is Cotton Diplomacy? The South thought the British would support them because of their dependence on Southern cotton. Slides Directions: Use the Slides to fill in the passage below. The Union continued to use a blockade on southern ports. The South needed to defeat the Union Navy, so they produced a ship armored with 5

6 iron_. In a famous naval battle, the Merrimack (the South s boat) battled the Monitor (the North s boat). These ships were known as Ironclads. Although they fought, neither won. Slides Directions: Use the Slides to write a short paragraph (5-7 sentences) describing what life was like for soldiers. Slides Based on the slides, were African Americans allowed to fight for either side at the beginning of the war? In the North, they were not allowed to fight at first. What was significant about the 54 th Massachusetts Infantry? It was the first African American regiment for the Union. Slides Based on the slides, why did the draft laws lead to riots in New York City? People were opposed to the draft and fighting to free African Americans, especially 6

7 because the rich could buy their way out of the draft while the poor could not. Slides Directions: Watch the film and use the slides to complete the graphic organizer and complete the following questions. Year Issued 1863 Emancipation Proclamation Issued By: Abraham Lincoln What Did It Do? It declared all of the slaves in the Southern states to be free. What else did the Union hope the Emancipation Proclamation would do? Encourage more African Americans to joint the Army. How many African American joined the fight? More than 179,000. Originally, Lincoln s goal in fighting the Civil War was just to preserve the Union. How did the Emancipation Proclamation change that? (This isn t in the slides! Use your brain!) Now, his goals expanded to include ending slavery. 7

8 Slides What was the turning point of the Civil War? Battle of Gettysburg. What state was this battle in? Pennsylvania Slides Directions: Use the slides to complete the graphic organizer below. The Gettysburg Address Date Issued: Nov 19, 1863 Author: Abraham Lincoln Main Point of the Gettysburg Address: This wasn t just a war to end slavery, but to bring freedom to all Americans. 8

9 Slides Define Total War. Everything in an army s path is destroyed, including buildings, farms, etc. What was the most famous example of Total War from the Civil War? Sherman s March to the sea. Slides What did the residents of Richmond do so that the Union Army wouldn t capture it? They set fire to the city. Where did the war end? (Town, State) Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia When did the war end? April 9, 1865 Complete the following effects of the Civil War: Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation Northern economy booms South loses its cotton trade with Britain Blockade creates Southern shortages Total War destroys the south Hundreds of thousands of Americans killed Lee surrenders at Appomattox Name 2 short-term and 2 long-term effects of the Civil War. Short Term: Slavery Ends, Southern states are left in ruin Long Term: Southern economic growth lags, Conservative Democrats regain control 9

10 Slides What effect did the War have on President Lincoln? It made him age quickly! What happened just 5 days after the Confederate States of America surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse? Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth. 10

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