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UST 289
Exercise 3
Spring 2019
For this assignment you will answer the questions listed below. Each question has been
assigned a certain number of points. Be sure to answer all of the items asked for in the
question to get full credit. Your assignment is to be word processed, double spaced, and
grammar and spell checked! You may submit in hard copy or via email to the instructor.
Early submissions are encouraged.
Websites are listed below each question to get you started in finding your answers. Some
material that relates to the questions may be found within your book, some will not. You are
free to use other sources as well. However, Wikipedia is NOT to be used. (Wikipedia is an
open source site. Changes can be made that may make information posted there incorrect.)
You must cite your work appropriately and enclose a reference page. Be sure to list even the
sites that I have provided you if you use them to answer the question.
Do NOT do a laundry list of “question asked” and “answer” in your answer. While I have
provided you with questions to answer, please answer them in paragraph form. Your answers
should read as a narrative that covers all of the items raised by my questions.
I prefer that you paraphrase the material that you find for your answers rather than doing
copy and paste. Do NOT copy and paste material without putting it in quotation marks and
appropriately citing it if you feel a need to do your paper this way. Do not use more than 2
quotations per question if you feel the need to quote directly. (Copying and pasting without
quotations and appropriate citations is plagiarism and will result in a grade of 40 (F) for the
total assignment.) If you are unsure just what plagiarism is, please go to the writing center
website and click on the link to the right. The writing center is at
http://www.csuohio.edu/academic/writingcenter/If you are unsure how to do citations, you
can go to:
http://library.csuohio.edu/research/vrd/citations.html
http://citationmachine.net
The links to the guides there are very good. If you are not required to use a specific format by
your major discipline, I suggest using APA.
http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/historical.html
1.Weather patterns can be influenced by two weather phenomenon El Nino and La Nina. There
can be a neutral phase also.
What do we mean by El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO)? How do weather patterns change in
general when El Nino occurs? How could it affect our weather in Northeast Ohio? How does El
Nino affect the hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean?
What is La Nina? What are some of the weather changes in general when La Nina occurs?
How could La Nina affect Northern Ohio’s weather? How does La Nina affect the hurricanes in
the Atlantic Ocean.
What are some of the economic impacts of El Nino and La Nina in the United States? What
other types of impacts might these systems have?
What is the jet stream? How is the Jet Stream affected by El Nino and La Nina?
Are we in an El Nino or La Nino phase? If so which one and what are the predictions for weather
nationwide and in this area. How are weather patterns this winter different than last winter?
What could be a reason for the difference regarding El Nino or La Nina?
What is the current prediction as to the duration?
UST 289
Exercise 3
Spring 2019
Be sure to check the actual links for El Nino and La Nina and not just the brief descriptions. (35
points)
www.weather.gov
http://climate.nasa.gov/news/2382/
http://www.elnino.noaa.gov/lanina_new_faq.html
http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/lanina/us_impacts/ustp_impacts
.shtml
http://www.economics.noaa.gov/?goal=climate&file=events/enso
2.Living in Cleveland you often hear the term “lake effect “especially in late fall.
What is lake effect snow? What conditions must be present for lake effect snow to occur?
What type of clouds usually accompany lake effect snow? Why does lake effect snow form
bands?
Does lake effect snow occur around other areas besides the Great Lakes? What are the
benefits for lake effect snow for the area for crops?
What is meant by the primary and secondary snow belts of the greater Cleveland area? Where
are the snowbelts located? On the average how much snow annually does each area get? Why
is there a difference in the amount of lake effect snow that falls throughout the greater
Cleveland area? What is the difference between lake effect snow and a snow storm? What is
the difference between lake effect and what is called an “Alberta Clipper”? What is the
difference between lake effect and lake enhanced snow? (30 points)
www.weather.com/encyclopedia/winter/lake.html
http://blog.cleveland.com/metro/2010/01/post_179.htm
scijinks.gov/lake-snow/
weather.com
3. One way that the balance of existing ecosystems is changed is with the introduction of nonnative species or invasive species. Over the years non-native species, both plant and animal,
have been introduced either deliberately or by accident into the Great Lakes and Lake Erie
waters and area.
State the reasons why invasive plant and animal species are harmful to the area? What can be
done to control the invasive species?
Name two flora invasive species that have invaded this area? How did they arrive in the area?
Which ones are the most destructive to the environment and what is being done to lessen the
destructiveness?
Name three non-native animal species and explain how have they affected the balance of the
great lakes’ ecosystem? Explain one way that non-native species invade the lakes. Is there one
species that is not here in Lake Erie yet but that is seen as a problem for the future? What are
environmentalists trying to do to keep this species out of the Great Lakes? (35 points)
http://www.great-lakes.net/envt/flora-fauna/invasive/invasive.html#overview
http://www.greatlakesdirectory.org/issues.htm
http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/basicinfo.html
UST 289
http://www.great-lakes.net/lakes/
http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/invasive/
oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/invasive.htm
Exercise 3
Spring 2019
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