Christopher, T. Whelan*, Brian Nolan** and Bertrand Maître*** *School of Sociology and Geary Institute, University College Dublin & School of Sociology.

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Presentation on theme: "Christopher, T. Whelan*, Brian Nolan** and Bertrand Maître*** *School of Sociology and Geary Institute, University College Dublin & School of Sociology."— Presentation transcript:

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Christopher, T. Whelan*, Brian Nolan** and Bertrand Maître*** *School of Sociology and Geary Institute, University College Dublin & School of Sociology & Social Policy, Queen’s University Belfast ** College of Human Sciences, University College Dublin *** Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin

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Introduction Increasing focus on multidimensional approaches to poverty & social exclusion Variety of increasingly sophisticated analytic strategies Application of the Alkire & Foster multidimensional headcount approach Framed in a development rather than a rich country context Apply to EU-SILC 2009 Data

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The Alkire & Foster Approach (ii) Transition between identification and aggregation can be understood as involving a progression of matrices The achievement matrix Y shows the outcome for - n persons on d dimensions The deprivation matrix replaces each entry in Y that is below the deprivation cut-off with 0. The censored deprivation matrix multiplies each row in the deprivation matrix by the identification function. If the person is multi-dimensionally poor i.e. above the cut-off point the row remains unchanged. If not it is replaced with 0s. Information on non-poor has no effect of measurement

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The Adjusted Head Count Ratio The Adjusted Head Count Ratio (AHCR) is the mean of the censored deprivation matrix. AHCR has a potential range of values going from 0 to 1.Where no one in the population experiences any deprivation it has a value of 0. Where everyone is deprived on all dimensions it takes on a value of 1. The headcount H is the proportion of people who are multi- dimensionally poor The intensity A is the average deprivation share among the poor H*A=AHCR AHCR properties includes decomposability in terms of dimensions & sub-groups

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Conclusion (i) Limitations of union & intersection approaches AHCR approach provides a middle ground Censoring central Identifies a non-trivial minority as poor in each country. Size of poor group varies systematically with average income per capita but is not related to Gini Main source of variation head count rather than intensity In less affluent countries basic & consumption deprivation play a more prominent role while in more affluent countries health & income poverty dominate

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Conclusion (ii) Systematic variation by socio-economic group. Impact of social class is stronger in low income countries. Age group effects vary by country Limitations of EU Poverty Target Approach. Diversity of profiles captured by EU measure Employing the Alkire & Foster Approach makes it possible that the implications of crucial choices in relation to dimensions, thresholds and weighting can be assessed in a consistent and transparent fashion.