... The authors have retracted this article [1] because after publication they became aware that the equine urine samples analysed for loxoprofen in this study were in fact equine plasma samples. Therefore the results and conclusions of this article cannot be relied upon. All authors agree to this retraction. ...

... The present contribution is an overview of the state-of-the-art of fast gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (fast GC-MS). Specifically, published papers over the last ten years (2009–December 2018) have been considered. Several aspects of fast GC-MS are here critically discussed, focusing on four of the most common routes to shorten GC analyses times: micro-bore columns, narrow-bore co ...

... This work has shown that it is a valid method for determining ketamine, norketamine and amphetamines derivates in hair samples of forensic cases. This method was validated meeting the criteria of sensitivity and accuracy for detecting repeated consumption of ketamine in hair samples of forensic interest, according to the proposed cut-off for ketamine of 0.5 ng/mg. The detection of norketamine allo ...

... A metabolite analysis of 52 lichen samples belonging to 13 species of the genus Cladonia was carried out. Data of metabolite profiling were in good agreement with the results obtained using anatomical and morphological methods for lichens identification. The genetic heterogeneity of the studied groups is discussed. ...

... We report a multivariate curve resolution (MCR)-based spectral deconvolution workflow for untargeted gas chromatography–mass spectrometry metabolomics. As an essential step in preprocessing such data, spectral deconvolution computationally separates ions that are in the same mass spectrum but belong to coeluting compounds that are not resolved completely by chromatography. As a result of this comp ...

... A uniform analyte response is required for GC–MS analysis in order to obtain acceptable quantitative results. The response of pesticides in complex matrices is susceptible to variation due to the interactions of co-extractives, both with pesticides or with GC–MS system. This study was conducted to determine the magnitude of the interactions, called matrix effect, and their behavior with the matrix ...

... A device for headspace sorptive extraction (HSSE) combined with gas chromatography separation and mass spectrometry detection (GC–MS) is presented. The gadget is based on a simple magnetic disk that permits the stir bar to be placed at the top of the sample vial. The complete surface of the coated stir bar is exposed to the headspace atmosphere, and the movement of the bar caused by the magnetic s ...

... Pyrazines are an important group of natural products widely used as food additives and fragrants. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) is the most widely applied analytical technique for characterization of alkylpyrazines. However, mass spectra of many positional isomers of alkylpyrazines are very similar. Consequently, an unambiguous identification of each positional isomer by spectral int ...

... This study describes the development of a thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for determining the main degradation products of 1,3-butadiene, especially 1,3-butadiene monoxide and 1,3-butadiene diepoxide, in air samples. The method involves the sampling of 6 L of air in a Carbopack X sorbent tube followed by thermal desorption coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrome ...

... Since the advent of gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the evolution in high-performance GC-MS has boosted the quality and quantity of information. Continuing technical advances and topics of current focus are pushing GC-MS in areas such as metabolomics, biochemistry, medical analysis, and pharmacology, traditionally dominated by other separation techniques. Still, selection and optim ...

... The simultaneous determination of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol (BHT), benzophenone (BP), benzophenone-3 (BP3) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) in seven sunscreen creams was carried out by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using DiBP-d4 as internal standard. The content of BP3, which is a UV filter, must not exceed 6% (w/w) in cosmetic products according to Regulation (EU) 2017/238 a ...

... The presence of the pyrethroids residues in different samples and the impact on human health is an increasing concern due to their widespread use. So, a method to determine eighteen pyrethroids in fish samples using a modified QuEChERS was developed. The clean-up procedure was performed by freezing samples overnight followed by dispersive solid phase extraction. The combination of C18, PSA and Z-S ...

... Analysis of untargeted gas-chromatographic data is time consuming. With the earlier introduction of the PARAFAC2 (PARAllel FACtor analysis 2) based PARADISe (PARAFAC2 based Deconvolution and Identification System) approach in 2017, this task was made considerably more time-efficient. However, there are still a number of manual steps in the analysis which require data analytical expertise. One of t ...

... A simple procedure based on microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) has been proposed for the extraction of dichloropane in oral fluids and its determination by ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). Extraction conditions such as type of sorbent (octyl and octadecyl silica), sample pH, number of sample loadings, and elution volume were evaluated to obtain the most appropriate values. Dichloropane was e ...

... The development of an online sampling method using programmable temperature vaporization gas chromatography with a mass spectrometer detector (PTV-GC/MS) for the analysis of trace pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) vapor is presented. PETN degradation was minimized by optimizing the temperature and flow rates of the vapor sampling infrastructure. Validation of the online method was done using a p ...

... Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most commonly used biopolymers for manufacturing food packaging; its control is very important to ensure consumers’ health. In this work, a blend of PLA and polyester was studied and its volatile composition in the polymer and in the migration to food simulants was determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and atmospheric pressure gas chromatogr ...

... To explore fast pyrolysis behaviors of cedar biomass, the infrared heating technique with quick heating rate was taken in a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of heating rates (5–30 °C/s) and pyrolysis temperatures (400–600 °C) on pyrolysis products distribution and compositions were discussed, and the reaction mechanism was proposed. The results show that high heating rate can significantly suppress ...

... Pyrolysis was one of the most effective ways for the clean use of biomass and biomass that constitutes a huge annual production. In order better utilize biomass, this study infers the pyrolysis mechanism of cellulose, cellobiose, β-D-glucopyranose and levoglucosan by Py-GC-MS (Pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) and in-situ infrared spectroscopy. Pyrolysis products of cellulose include ...

... Auricularia auricular-judae polysaccharides (AAPs) have been accepted as one important biological constituent. Quality analysis of A. auricular-judae is generally difficult due to technical issues in separating and detecting AAPs. Here, we describe a stepped chromatographic and mass spectrometric approach for discrimination and characterization of AAPs. HPSEC-MALLS-RID and GC–MS techniques have ea ...

... Polyester-polyurethane lacquer, used to cover the inner surface of metallic food contact materials, may transfer non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) to the food. The identification of such a diversity of compounds, considered as migrating substances, requires taking advantage of complementary analytical platforms. Therefore, four types of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) couplings ...

... A wide variety of compounds are used in the manufacture of plastic materials; however, some of them have the potential to migrate in food products.The main objective of this work was the identification of potential migrants in plastic packaging materials and their migration into food simulants. For this purpose, a total of twelve plastic packaging materials were analyzed using purge and trap (P&T) ...

... A sensitive and selective method was developed for simultaneous determination of four antidepressants (ATDs) in plasma and urine samples by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC–MS) based on an N-nitrosation reaction. In this study, fluoxetine (Flu), nortriptyline (Nor), maprotiline (Map), and paroxetine (Paro) were first derivatized with sodium nitrite to appropriate N-nitrosamines under acid ...

... The aim of this study is to shed light on the evolution of the minor compounds in the corn oil oxidation process, through the information provided by direct immersion-microextraction in solid phase followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (DI-SPME-GC/MS). This methodology enables one, in a single run, to establish the identity and abundance both of original oil minor components, some with ...

... Three samples of Boswellia occulta gum resin (Grades I, II and III) were analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. Fifty constituents could be identified, and several of them were isolated by flash chromatography and characterized by NMR. The combinatorial synthesis of homologous series of reference constituents permitted the unambiguous identification of five 1-methoxyalkanes and one 1-methoxyalkene. In addi ...

... Olfaction is one of the most commonly used senses for communication among animals and is of particular importance to mother-offspring recognition in mammals. The use of smell in offspring recognition has been well studied, however, we often lack information about the underlying mechanistic basis for olfactory recognition. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), we examine chemical prof ...

... Archaea play pivotal roles in geochemical cycles in global ecosystems, but little is known about the membrane functions of these organisms under different environmental conditions. Mass spectrometry (MS) is an indispensable tool for the study of the Archaea and their unique isoprenoidal ether-linked lipids. A variety of techniques, including GC–MS, UHPLC-MS, MALDI-MS, and shotgun lipidomics, have ...

... This case report summarises the investigation of a death scene in the trunk of a car. Air sampling, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry on samples of carpet and tyre well scrapings from the vehicle’s trunk were utilised to confirm the presence of a human decompositional event even though no human remains were discovered in the vehicle. Air sampling has be ...

... This paper presents a novel method for the production of a biomass-derived chemical platform, levoglucosan (LGA), from sugarcane bagasse via pretreatment with an organocatalyst (CX4SO3H) and fast pyrolysis. The effectiveness of this platform for producing LGA from sugarcane bagasse was screened using a microscale pyrolysis reactor coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The e ...

... Here we report the variation of diterpenes from three populations of the brown alga Dictyota mertensii. The populations were analyzed by 1H NMR and GC-MS techniques. Both chemical GC-MS and 1H NMR profiles of D. mertensii presented diterpenes as major constituents. In all populations, we detected the prenylated guaiane diterpenes, dictyoxide, pachydictyol A, isopachydictyol A, dictyol B and its ac ...

... Dracocephalum kotschyi is one of the medicinal and fragrant herbs that can be found in natural locations of mountainous areas. In this investigation the hydrodistilled essential oils obtained from aerial parts of two populations of D. kotschyi collected from Siahbisheh and Baladeh were analysed by capillary GC-FID and GC-MS. Essential oil analysis led to the identification of 48 compounds that rep ...

... Subcritical water was applied to produce bio-oil from a 21-year-old abandoned oil palm trunk (OPT). The effects of reaction temperature, time, part of trunk taken, and optimum reaction condition were investigated. Higher heating values (HHVs), CHNS/O elemental and GC-MS analysis were performed to characterize the bio-oil. The subcritical water temperatures were manipulated between 100 °C and 370 ° ...

... Fibers are an important form of forensic evidence, but their evidential value can be severely limited when the identified characteristics of the fibers are common, such as blue cotton. Detecting chemical fiber treatments offers an avenue to further classify fibers and to improve their evidential value. In this report, we investigate the potential of fluoropolymer fiber coatings, used to impart oil ...

... Long-chain mid-chain-keto-1-ol positional isomers in sediments provide important information on past environments. Unfortunately, we are unable to assess their full potential since conventional GC–MS analysis of sediment extracts is unable to reliably qualify and quantify long-chain mid-chain-keto-1-ol positional isomers, especially if these are of minor abundance. Here, we use NP-HPLC–APCI-MS to ...

... An isotope dilution-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (ID-GC/MS) method was developed as a candidate reference method for the accurate determination of the amount of fatty acids in infant formula. 13C- or 2H-labeled fatty acids were used as internal standards to correct for recovery and instrument sensitivity during sample preparation and MS measurements, respectively. The developed ID-GC/MS me ...

... OBJECTIVES: Hyphozyma roseoniger, a filamentous yeast, is used as a biocatalyst in the bio-transformation of terpenoids; however, the microorganism’s endogenous ability to synthesise and metabolise hydrophobic terpenes and alkanes has not been characterised. RESULTS: When grown in potato dextrose broth the organism reached the stationary phase at 14 d. The non-polar fraction from cells, harvested ...

... Phthalate esters (PAEs) are harmful to human health and have been repeatedly identified in Baijiu samples. In our study, the distribution and degradation characteristics of 14 PAEs in Baijiu raw materials (BRMs) and Baijiu during distillation were detected using QuEChERS or vortex-assisted surfactant-enhanced-emulsification liquid–liquid micro-extraction (VSLLME) methods coupled with gas chromatog ...

... In this study, volatile compounds emitted by disturbed nymphs and adults of the stink bug Antiteuchus innocens were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as follows: (E)-hexenal, α-pinene, (E)-2-heptenal, n-decane, (E)-2-octenal, n-undecane, n-dodecane, and n-tridecane. The major components were (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-heptenal, and n-undecane. The same compounds, except α-pinene and (E) ...

... The flower scent of the damask rose (Rosa damascena) was studied. Two ultratrace components exhibiting high flavor dilution factors were detected as odor-active compounds via aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). One of these had a woody note and was identified as rotundone using multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (MD-GC-MS-O), while the other had a citrus note an ...

... Acrylamide, a “possible carcinogen” compound, has been subjected to analytical method development and evaluation in carbohydrate-rich cookie samples in this research. Cookies with different formula and consequently different acrylamide content were evaluated using microextraction method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Xanthydrol was selected as an efficient derivatization reagen ...

... In the original publication of the article, under the paragraphs “Collection of volatile compound” and “Analysis of essential oil and hydrosol” holding time for the end of GC and GC–MS programs at 180 °C was incorrectly published as “10 min”. The correct time limit is “30 min”. ...

... Mechanochemical degradation (MCD) technology has shown its remarkable potential in the disposal of persistent organochlorines in a non-combustion manner. In the present study, endosulfan, as the newly listed persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Stockholm Convention, was investigated for its feasibility of mechanochemical destruction using high-energy ball milling. Using calcium oxide (CaO) ...

... BACKGROUND: Quinoa porridge is becoming popular among Asian for its nutritional values; hence, it is important to understand its aroma characteristics. RESULTS: Volatile compounds in porridge of 30 quinoa varieties were determined by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry combined with headspace‐solid phase micro‐extraction. In total, 53 volatile compounds were detected and grouped into 14 alkanals, ...