Prednisone, Cortisone and other Steroids

Prednisone, Cortisone and other Steroids

Overview

Corticosteroids are a class of medicines related to cortisone. Cortisone is a naturally occurring hormone.

Corticosteroids should not be confused with anabolic steroids. Anabolic steroids promote body and muscle growth. Corticosteroids are used in pets to treat inflammation, allergies, itching, immune system irregularities, pain, back or spinal trauma, and eye, ear, or skin problems.

Commonly used corticosteroids include prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone, triamcinolone, and methylprednisolone. All of these medicines have similar uses and side effects.

Corticosteroids are extremely useful in veterinary medicine. However, they are potent medications. They must be used carefully to avoid side effects.

Corticosteroids often are given at high doses during the start of treatment. The dose is usually reduced over time to the minimum effective level.

Form

Corticosteroids are most frequently administered as oral pills or liquid suspensions. Injectable varieties are used commonly in veterinary hospitals. Corticosteroids can be compounded into gels that are absorbed through the skin.

Corticosteroids are common ingredients in topical, otic (ear), and ophthalmic (eye) medications.

Side Effects

Cats are less susceptible to the side effects of corticosteroids than are dogs. Nonetheless, in cats and dogs the side effects of corticosteroids include:

It should be noted that short-term use of corticosteroids very rarely leads to side effects or adverse health consequences.

Monitoring

Despite the potential for adverse effects, in many cases the benefits of corticosteroids outweigh the risks. There are many syndromes for which corticosteroids are the only effective treatment.

Pets that take corticosteroids should be monitored for improvement of symptoms. They also should be monitored for side effects. Contact your veterinarian immediately if side effects occur or are suspected.

Pets on long-term courses of corticosteroids should undergo regular blood and urine testing.

Because corticosteroids mimic naturally occurring hormones, suddenly discontinuing any medication in this class of drugs can lead to serious symptoms of withdrawal. Do not change or discontinue your pet’s regimen of any corticosteroid without consulting a veterinarian.