Neurodermatitis

Introduction:

Neurodermatitis is also known as lichen simplex. It is commonly known as scratch dermatitis. It is a chronic disease characterized by itching and/or scaling. It starts with localized itching, but scratching increases itching and makes it more intense. Because of this cycle of chronic itching and scratching, the skin may become thick and leathery.

Signs and symptoms

Excessive itching in a limited and single area like neck, wrist, thighs, abdomen, thighs etc.

Leathery skin

Raised, a rough patch that is red or darker than the rest of your skin.

Chronic itching and scratching cycle can lead to a bacterial skin infection and permanent scars or changes in skin color.

Itching may disturb sleep pattern of patients.

Cause of neurodermatitis

Generally, the cause is not known. Stress, anxiety can be triggering factors for it. Most of the times itching begins with something that simply rubs or irritates the skin, such as tight clothing or a bug bite. As patient starts scratching, itching increases more and the cycle goes on till skin becomes leathery.

Risk Factors

Age between 30-50 years - The condition is most common in this age group.

Females are affected more than males.

History of skin disease: Patients with a personal or family history of eczema, psoriasis or similar skin conditions are at risk of getting neurodermatitis.

Investigation

Diagnosis is based on skin's appearance and a history of itching and scratching. Following tests can rule out other causes.

Patch testing/ Allergy testing - Small quantities of allergens are applied to small patches, which are then placed on the skin. Two days after application, if the patient develops a raised bump or a reaction limited to the skin just beneath the patch, the diagnosis goes in favor of Allergic dermatitis.

Skin biopsy - To rule out other conditions, such as lichen planus, eczema, psoriasis, that may mimic neurodermatitis.

Conventional medication

Conventional treatment of neurodermatitis is directed at controlling itching and dryness of skin, and to prevent and reduce secondary infection. It gives short lasting results. It does not treat the root cause of disease.

Steroids and antihistamines – It suppresses itching may lead to aggressive flare up.Antibiotics - Antibiotics are used to control secondary infection and inflammation of the lesion.Antidepressants or anti-anxiety – In case of stress-related itching.Moisturizers - To retain moisture in the skin. E.g. Petroleum jelly, moisturizing soaps, etc.

Homeopathic Treatment for Neurodermatitis

It addresses altered immune system, treating the roots of this autoimmune disease.