Conventional and innovative justice responses to sexual violence.

Despite 30 years of significant change to the way the criminal justice system responds to
sexual violence, conviction rates have gone down in Australia, Canada, and England and
Wales.1 Victim/survivors continue to express dissatisfaction with how the police and courts
handle their cases and with their experience of the trial process. Many commentators and
researchers recognise that the crux of the problem is cultural beliefs about gender and
sexuality, which dilute and undermine the intentions of rape law reform.2 These beliefs
affect victims adversely, but at the same time, increased criminalisation and penalisation of
offenders is not likely to yield constructive outcomes.
This paper reflects on the limits of legal reform in improving outcomes for victim/survivors.
Given the extent of reform to procedural, substantive, and evidentiary aspects of sexual
assault legal cases, we may have exhausted its potential to change the response to sexual
assault. We may need to consider innovative justice responses, which may be part of the
legal system or lie beyond it. (author's abstract).