Mark Zuckerberg already knows a lot about you, your mom, your dad, your friends, what your new baby looks like, where you went on vacation and what you wore to that party last weekend. Now, he wants to get inside your brain.

The Facebook founder, along with Hollywood actor-investor Ashton Kutcher, recently participated in a $40 million investment round for San Francisco-based artificial intelligence startup Vicarious.

Several news reports indicate that Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla motors, was also a lead investor in the $40 million round. Vicarious co-founder Scott Phoenix told Entrepreneur.com that he had no comment on whether Musk was involved.

Vicarious is relatively vague about what it does – probably because its team of science masterminds are working on things we mere mortals would hardly understand. “We are building software that thinks and learns like a human,” the company's homepage says. Peter Thiel, a heavyweight Silicon Valley investor, has said, "Vicarious is bringing us all closer to a future where computers perceive, imagine, and reason just like humans."

One thing that Vicarious’ technology has been proven to accomplish is getting past a CAPTCHA test. An example of a CAPTCHA test is a program that requires a web user to type in letters that are obscured and distorted, making them, in theory, undetectable by a computer bot. CAPTCHA tests are typically considered flawed if an algorithm can get past the wall 1 percent of the time. Vicarious’ technology has been able to get by CAPTCHAs used by Google, Yahoo and PayPal 90 percent of the time. And it’s doing it with innovative technological “thinking.”

"Recent AI (artificial intelligence) systems like IBM’s Watson and deep neural networks rely on brute force: connecting massive computing power to massive datasets. This is the first time this distinctively human act of perception has been achieved, and it uses relatively minuscule amounts of data and computing power,” said Phoenix of the company’s CAPTCHA feat.

Down the line, the technology that Vicarious develops will be used in industries including robotics, clean energy and medicine, Phoenix told Entrepreneur.com.

This most recent round of funding is Vicarious’ third. In 2012, the San Francisco-based software company received $20 million in two rounds from top tier venture capital firms, including Founders Fund.