Substance Information

Substance Infocard

Silicic acid (H2Si2O5), barium salt (1:1), lead-doped

with lead (Pb) content above the applicable generic concentration limit for ’toxicity for reproduction’ Repr. 1A (CLP) or category 1 (DSD),the substance is a member of the group entry of lead compounds, with index number 082-001-00-6 in Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008

The ‘Substance identity’ section is calculated from substance identification information from all ECHA databases. The substance identifiers displayed in the InfoCard are the best available substance name, EC number, CAS number and/or the molecular and structural formulas.

Some substance identifiers may have been claimed confidential, or may not have been provided, and therefore not be displayed.

EC (European Community) Number

The EC Number is the numerical identifier for substances in the EC Inventory. The EC Inventory is a combination of three independent European lists of substances from the previous EU chemicals regulatory frameworks (EINECS, ELINCS and the NLP-list). More information about the EC Inventory can be found here.

If the substance was not covered by the EC Inventory, ECHA attributes a list number in the same format, starting with the numbers 6, 7, 8 or 9.

The EC or list number is the primary substance identifier used by ECHA.

CAS (Chemical Abstract Service) registry number

The CAS number is the substance numerical identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service, a division of the American Chemical Society, to substances registered in the CAS registry database. A substance identified primarily by an EC or list number may be linked with more than one CAS number, or with CAS numbers that have been deleted. More information about CAS and the CAS registry can be found here.

Molecular formula

The molecular formula identifies each type of element by its chemical symbol and identifies the number of atoms of each element found in one discrete molecule of the substance. This information is only displayed if the substance is well–defined, its identity is not claimed confidential and there is sufficient information available in ECHA’s databases for ECHA’s algorithms to generate a molecular structure.

Molecular structure

The molecular structure is based on structures generated from information available in ECHA’s databases. If generated, an InChI string will also be generated and made available for searching. This information is only displayed if the substance is well-defined, its identity is not claimed confidential and there is sufficient information available in ECHA’s databases for ECHA’s algorithms to generate a molecular structure.

The ‘Hazard classification and labelling’ section shows the hazards of a substance based on the standardised system of statements and pictograms established under the CLP (Classification Labelling and Packaging) Regulation. The CLP Regulation makes sure that the hazards presented by chemicals are clearly communicated to workers and consumers in the European Union. The CLP Regulation uses the UN Global Harmonised System (GHS) and European Union Specific Hazard Statements (EUH).

This section is based on three sources for information (harmonised classification and labelling (CLH), REACH registrations and CLP notifications). The source of the information is mentioned in the introductory sentence of the hazard statements. When information is available in all sources, the first two are displayed as a priority.

Please note:

The purpose of the information provided under this section is to highlight the substance hazardousness in a readable format. It does not represent a new labelling, classification or hazard statement, neither reflect other factors that affect the susceptibility of the effects described, such as duration of exposure or substance concentration (e.g. in case of consumer and professional uses). Other relevant information includes the following:

Substances may have impurities and additives that lead to different classifications. If at least one company has indicated that the substance classification is affected by impurities or additives, this will be indicated by an informative sentence. However, substance notifications in the InfoCard are aggregated independently of the impurities and additives.

Hazard statements were adapted to improve readability and may not correspond textually to the hazard statements codes description in the European Union Specific Hazard Statements (EUH) or the UN Global Harmonised System (GHS).

To see the full list of notified classifications and to get more information on impurities and additives relevant to classification please consult the C&L Inventory.

More information about Classification and Labelling is available in the Regulations section of ECHA website.

Harmonised classification and labelling (CLH)

Harmonised classification and labelling is a legally binding classification and labelling for a substance, agreed at European Community level. Harmonisation is based on the substance’s physical, toxicological and eco-toxicological hazard assessment.

The ‘Hazard classification’ and labelling section uses the signal word, pictogram(s) and hazard statements of the substance under the harmonised classification and labelling (CLH) as its primary source of information.

If the substance is covered by more than one CLH entry (e.g. disodium tetraborate EC no. 215–540–4, is covered by three harmonisations&colon; 005–011–00–4; 005–011–01–1 and 005–011–02–9), CLH information cannot be displayed in the InfoCard as the difference between the CLH classifications requires manual interpretation or verification. If a substance is classified under multiple CLH entries, a link to the C&L Inventory is provided to allow users to view CLH information associated with the substance and no text is automatically generated for the InfoCard.

It is possible that a harmonisation is introduced through an amendment to the CLP Regulation. In that case, the ATP (Adaptation to Technical Progress) number is displayed.

Classification and labelling under REACH

If available, additional information on classification and labelling (C&L) is derived from REACH registration dossiers submitted by industry. This information has not been reviewed or verified by ECHA, and may change without prior notice. REACH registration dossiers have greater data requirements (such as supporting studies) than do notifications under CLP.

Notifications under the Classification Labelling and Packaging (CLP) Regulation

If no EU harmonised classification and labelling exists and the substance was not registered under REACH, information derived from classification and labelling (C&L) notifications to ECHA under CLP Regulation is displayed under this section. These notifications can be provided by manufacturers, importers and downstream users. ECHA maintains the C&L Inventory, but does not review or verify the accuracy of the information.

Note that for readability purposes, only the pictograms, signal words and hazard statements referred in more than 5% of the notifications under CLP are displayed.

Danger! According to the harmonised classification and labelling (CLP00) approved by the European Union, this substance may damage the unborn child and is suspected of damaging fertility, is very toxic to aquatic life, is very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects, is harmful if swallowed, is harmful if inhaled and may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.

Additionally, the classification provided by companies to ECHA in REACH registrations identifies that this substance may damage fertility or the unborn child and may cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life.

About this substanceAbout this substance

This section provides an overview of the calculated volume at which the substance is manufactured or imported to the European Economic Area (EU28 + Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway). Additionally, if available, information on the use of the substance and how consumers and workers are likely to be exposed to it can also be displayed here.

The use information is displayed per substance life cycle stage (consumer use, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites or in manufacturing). The information is aggregated from the data coming from REACH substance registrations provided by industry.

For a detailed overview on identified uses and environmental releases, please consult the registered substance factsheet.

The examples provided are generic examples and may not apply to the specific substance you are viewing. A substance may have its use restricted to certain articles or products and therefore not all the examples may apply to the specific substance. Furthermore, some substances can be found in an article, but with unlikely exposure (e.g. inside a watch) or with very low concentrations considered not to pose risks to human health or the environment.

Please note:

For readability purpose, only non-confidential use descriptors occurring in more than 5% of total occurrences are displayed.

The described Product category (i.e. the products in which the substance may be used) may refer to uses as intermediate and under controlled conditions, for which there is no consumer exposure.

This substance is manufactured and/or imported in the European Economic Area in 10 - 100 tonnes per year.

This substance is used in articles, in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites.

Consumer Uses

ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which this substance is most likely to be released to the environment.

Article service life

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles and industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal). Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment). This substance can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: Machinery, mechanical appliances, electrical/electronic products covered by the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) directive (e.g. refrigerators, washing machines, vacuum cleaners, computers, telephones, drills, saws, smoke detectors, thermostats, radiators).

Widespread uses by professional workers

ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. ECHA has no public registered data on the types of manufacture using this substance. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which this substance is most likely to be released to the environment.

Formulation or re-packing

This substance is used in the following products: coating products. Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.

Uses at industrial sites

This substance is used in the following products: coating products. ECHA has no public registered data on the types of manufacture using this substance. Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles.

Manufacture

ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which this substance is most likely to be released to the environment.

Properties of concernProperties of concern

The ‘Properties of concern’ section shows ECHA-assigned graphical indicators for certain substance properties that are regarded as being of relevance or importance to human health and/or the environment based on the information provided to the Agency.

Properties of concern are calculated at four "levels" of certainty:

"Recognised" - meaning that the concern is indicated in an official source; either a Harmonised C&L (CLP Regulation Annex VI) or in the Candidate list of substances of very high concern for authorisation (REACH). Recognised concerns are illustrated with a dark red icon.

"Potential" - again comes from official sources only. For (C), (M), and (R) it means that the concern is suspected in a Harmonised C&L (CLP Regulation Annex VI), as Carc. 2, Muta. 2, or Repr. 2. For (PBT) and (ED) Potential means that the concern is under assessment in the PBT or ED assessment list, and the outcome is not "Not PBT" or "Not ED". There are no potential (Ss) or (Sr)s. Potential concerns are illustrated with a light red icon.

"Broad agreement" - comes from data submitted by industry to ECHA, and indicates that the data submitted is aligned, with >= 50% of the data submitters providing the same concern. Broad agreement concerns are illustratated with a solid outlined circle icon.

"Minority position" - comes from data submitted by industry to ECHA, and indicates that the data submitted is not aligned. > 5% and < 50% of the data submitters have provided the concerns indicated at this "level". Minority position concerns are illustrated with a greyed out circle icon.

The following properties of concern are calculated:

Carcinogenic (C) – Recognised carcinogen: comes from a harmonised C&L classifying the substance as Carc. 1A or 1B and/or an entry in the Candidate list. Potential carcinogen: comes from a harmonised C&L classifying the substance as a suspected carcinogen Carc.2. Broad agreement: comes from industry data where a majority of data submitters agree the substance is carcinogenic. Minority position: comes from industry data where a minority of data submitters indicate the substance is carcinogenic. More information about carcinogenicity here.

Mutagenic (M) – Recognised mutagen: comes from a harmonised C&L classifying the substance as Muta. 1A or 1B and/or an entry in the Candidate list. Potential mutagen: comes from a harmonised C&L classifying the substance as a suspected mutagen Muta. 2. Broad agreement: comes from industry data where a majority of data submitters agree the substance is mutagenic. Minority position: comes from industry data where a minority of data submitters indicate the substance is mutagenic. More information about mutagenicity here.

Toxic to Reproduction (R) – Recognised as toxic to reproduction: comes from a harmonised C&L classifying the substance as Carc. 1A or 1B and/or an entry in the Candidate list. Potentially toxic to reproduction: comes from a harmonised C&L classifying the substance as suspected toxic to reproduction Repr. 2. Broad agreement: comes from industry data where a majority of data submitters agree the substance is toxic to reproduction. Minority position: comes from industry data where a minority of data submitters indicate the substance is toxic to reproduction. More information about reproductive toxicity here.

Skin sensitising (Ss) – Recognised skin sensitiser: comes from a harmonised C&L classifying the substance as Skin Sens. 1, 1A, or 1B. Broad agreement: comes from industry data where a majority of data submitters agree the substance is a skin sensitiser. Minority position: comes from industry data where a minority of data submitters indicate the substance is skin sensitising. More information about skin sensitiser here.

Respiratory sensitising (Sr) – Recognised respiratory sensitiser: comes from a harmonised C&L classifying the substance as Resp. Sens. 1, 1A, or 1B and/or an entry in the Candidate list. Broad agreement: comes from industry data where a majority of data submitters agree the substance is a respiratory sensitiser. Minority position: comes from industry data where a minority of data submitters indicate the substance is a respiratory sensitiser. More information about respiratory sensitiser here.

PBT – Recognised Persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT): comes from an entry in the Candidate list. Potential PBT: is shown for substances under assessment, and comes from an entry in the PBT assessment list, if the outcome is not final and “Not PBT”. Broad agreement: comes from industry data where a majority of data submitters agree the substance is PBT. Minority position: comes from industry data where a minority of data submitters indicate the substance is PBT. More information about persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances here.

ED – Recognised Endocrine Disruptor (ED): comes from an entry in the Candidate list. Potential ED: is shown for substances under assessment, and comes from an entry in the ED assessment list, if the outcome is not final and “Not ED”. At this time there is no explicit possibility for industry to indicate their opinion on ED status for substances. If and when this possibility exists it is proposed that industry data also be included in the ED property of concern calculation. More information about endocrine disrupting substances here.

Impurities or additives: When a specific critical property is calculated from industry data and where the majority of data submitters have indicated that the property relates to cases containing impurities and/or additives, then the respective critical property icon is modified with an asterisk (*).

R

Toxic to Reproduction

Important to knowImportant to know

This section highlights four regulatory activities or outcomes under REACH – Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals – Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006:

Community rolling action plan - indicates if the substance is or was included in the Community rolling action plan (CoRAP). The CoRAP list includes substances that could pose a risk to human health or the environment and whose (potentially hazardous) properties are to be evaluated by the Member States in the next three years. After evaluation, proposals may be made for further regulatory action regarding the substance.

Candidate List - indicates if the substance is included in the candidate list of substances of very high concern (SVHCs). The Candidate List includes substances that are subject to additional protocols and reporting obligations and which may eventually be included in the Authorisation List, further limiting their use.

Authorisation list (Annex XIV to REACH) - indicates if the substance is included in the Authorisation list. These substances cannot be placed on the market or used after a given date, unless an authorisation is granted for their specific use, or the use is exempted from authorisation.

Restriction list (Annex XVII to REACH) - indicates if the substance is included in the Restriction List. The Restriction List describes the conditions for the manufacture, placing on the market or use of certain substances, either on their own or in mixtures or articles.

Please note: The identification of relevant regulatory activities and outcomes is done automatically and without manual verification. Substances may be grouped together under a specific regulatory activity for more efficient risk management and legislative processing (e.g. restriction on "Lead and its compounds"). In these cases, Infocards may not identify all substances in the group.Therefore it does not represent official and legally–binding information. To confirm if a substance is covered by a specific regulatory action the official publication, e.g. the electronic edition of the Official Journal of the European Union should be consulted.

Substance of very high concern (SVHC) and included in the candidate list for authorisation.

How to use it safelyHow to use it safely

This section provides links to the list of precautions (precautionary statements) and to the guidance on safe use, if they have been provided in REACH registration dossiers.

Precautionary statements - describe recommended measures to minimise or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous product or improper storage or handling of a hazardous product.

Guidance on safe use - recommendations by substance registrant on the proper use of the substance in various situations. Examples include recommended measures on fire-fighting, transport and recycling and disposal.

Please note: Precautionary measures and guidance on safe use concern the use and handling of the specific substance as such, not of the presence of the substance in other articles or mixtures. The precautionary measures and guidance on safe use are as submitted to ECHA by registrants under the REACH Regulation. Information on precautionary measures and the safe use is submitted by the registrant of a substance and the registrant is solely responsible for its accuracy and completeness.

The InfoCard summarises the non-confidential data of a substance held in the databases of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). InfoCards are generated automatically based on the data available at the time of generation.

The quality and correctness of the information submitted to ECHA remains the responsibility of the data submitter. The type of uses and classifications may vary between different submissions to ECHA and for a full understanding it is recommended to consult the source data. Information on applicable regulatory frameworks is also automatically generated and may not be complete or up to date. It is the responsibility of the substance manufacturers and importers to consult official publications, e.g. the electronic edition of the Official Journal of the European Union.

InfoCards are updated when new information is available. The date of the last update corresponds to the publication date of the InfoCard and not necessarily to the date in which the update occurred in the source data.

Key datasets

Regulatory context

Here you can find all of the regulations and regulatory lists in which this substance appears, according to the data available to ECHA. This substance has been found in the following regulatory activities (directly, or inheriting the regulatory context of a parent substance):

This database contains use prohibitions of mercury and cadmium above certain thresholds in batteries and accumulators, with certain exceptions. It also captures certain labeling requirements on such products containing mercury, cadmium and lead above specified quantities.

This list represents a calculated inventory of substances based on the list of harmonized substances contained in Table 3 of Annex VI to the CLP Regulation (1272/2008/EC). Note that this list is not exhaustive. While the harmonized list covers many hazardous substances, other ones not listed may also meet the classification criteria in accordance with the CLP.

This database contains: (1) the list of hazardous substances harmonized for classification and labeling in EU (i.e. Table 3 of Annex VI to CLP Regulation); and (2) the Candidate List of substances of very high concern (SVHC). The EU Ecolabel may not be awarded to substances or mixtures classified as such. Note that this list is not exhaustive. While the harmonized list covers many hazardous substances, other ones not listed may also meet the classification criteria in accordance with the CLP.

This database contains the list of polluting substances for which emission limit values are assigned under Directive 2010/75/EU on Industrial Emissions (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control - IPPC) . Member states must permit all qualifying facilities in order to ensure that they minimize impact on the environment. The permit issued must provide emission limit values for pollutants on this list.

This list contains heavy metals subject to use restrictions under Article 11 of the EU Packaging Directive. The concentration of these heavy metals in packaging may not exceed the stated levels. The levels are differentiated between packaging made of glass and other materials.

This list contains substances to which pregnant workers and workers who have recently given birth or are breastfeeding may not be exposed. This is only a partial list; employers are obliged to prevent the exposure of these workers to any agents that may cause adverse health effect for either mother or child. This list is generated from hazardous substances listed in Directive 92/85/EEC and from table 3.2 of Annex VI of the CLP.

EU. Non-Exhaustive List of Banned Substances, Directive 94/33/EC on Young People at Work, 20 August 1994, as amended by Dir 2014/27/EU, March 5, 2014 (Based on Table 3 of Annex VI to CLP, inter alia)

This list contains biological and chemical agents, in accordance with Art. 7 and points 2 and 3 of the Annex to Directive 94/33/EC, to which young persons (under 18 years of age) may not be exposed at the workplace. The database represents a non-exhaustive list of such substances based on: 1) agents of risk groups 3 and 4 under Directive 2000/54/EC; 2) Table 3 of Annex VI to the CLP Regulation; 3) and Annex I of Directive 2004/37/EC.

This database contains the application exemptions listed in Annexes III and IV to RoHS (2011/65/EU). Annex III contains applications exempted from the restriction in Article 4(1), while Annex IV lists applications exempted from the restriction in Article 4(1) specific to medical devices and monitoring and control instruments.

This database contains the substances listed in Annex II to the Directive on the restriction of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (ROHS - 2011/65/EU). Restricted pursuant to Art. 4(1) of ROHS, each listed substance includes a maximum concentration value tolerated by weight in homogeneous materials.

This directive requires employers to ensure proper signage is posted in areas where hazards cannot be avoided or reduced. The annexes to this directive provide detailed information about the minimum requirements for all safety and health signs. According to the annexes to the directive, storage areas and containers containing chemical substances or mixtures that are classified as hazardous according to the CLP Regulation (1272/2008/EC) must be marked and/or labeled.

This list contains substances whose use in toys is restricted in the European Union in accordance with points 8 and 13, Part III, and Appendices A and C of Annex II (Particular Safety Requirements) to Directive 2009/48/EC. List entries include substance name, CAS number, limit values for certain product types and, where applicable, notes on restrictions.

This database contains substances that have been assigned hazard property (HP) waste codes 1-15, as defined in terms of the hazard class & category, hazard (H) statement, and/or concentration limits provided in Annex III of the Waste Framework Directive (2008/98/EC). The classifications of the substances listed in the database are based on their harmonized classifications per Table 3 of Annex VI to the CLP Regulation (1272/2008/EC).

This list contains environmental quality standards (EQS), including annual averages and maximum allowable concentrations, for priority substances and certain other pollutants as provided for in Article 16 of Directive 2000/60/EC.

EU. Annex X to Directive 2000/60/EC, Priority Substances in the Field of Water Policy, as amended by Directive 2013/39/EU, OJ L 226/1, 24 August 2013

This list contains substances identified as priority substances that are targeted for reduction and eventual removal from waste water discharge. The list includes 'priority hazardous substances' which are subject to special restrictions.