Within the context of transition and pasture reform in Central Asian and Caucasian countriesour study focuses on the pasture reform in Azerbaijan. The pasture reform in Azerbaijan hasreceived little attention in scientific literature although it displays a rapid emergence ofindividualised rights for pasture plots, which is an exceptional development in this region.Using empirical case study evidence we analyse the implementation and outcomes of thereform process for pastoral land in the context of the macroeconomic development inAzerbaijan and in comparison to pasture reforms in other post-socialist transition countries.We apply the evolutionary theory of property rights to explain and analyse the exceptionallyrapid emergence of individual property rights for pasture in Azerbaijan.