Spider Bites

There are at least 15 species of spiders known in Hawaii.Spiders live in crevices, rotten wood, gardens, forests. Very few are known to bite and harm people. They are generally harmless to humans and feed on other insects and invertebrates.

One of the most common is the Heteropodavenatoriacane spider (also known as brown spider), which is shy and harmless. They have three-inch (7.6 cm) leg spans but can grow even bigger than that. They are generally found outdoors but may find their way into houses. They look brown and hairy and will only bite if provoked. The bite is small and usually does not result in any long term problems.

Also seen in Hawaii is the Latrodectusmactans (Southern Black Widow), and the Latrodectusgeometricus (Brown Widow Spider). Their bites are dangerous and require a visit to the doctor. The brown widow is a little smaller than the black widow and its venom is twice as potent as the black widow’s venom. However, brown widows don’t inject as much venom, are more timid and don’t tend to defend their web.

Another common spider seen on the islands is the Phidippusaudax (Bold or Daring Jumping Spider), which measures only a half inch in size. It might look harmless, but its bite is painful and may produce redness, swelling and blistering.

The Brown recluse spider has not been documented as an established inhabitant of the Hawaiian Islands.

Diagnosis of spider bite is based on recent history and signs and symptoms. Specific diagnosis may be difficult to confirm without seeing the spider bit. Confirmation requires identification of the spider, seeing the spider bite the individual and exclusion of other possible sources.

Wash the bite area with soap and water. Apply sterile clean dressing and a cold compress to reduce the swelling. Identify the type of spider if possible. Monitor the bite for signs of infection and seek medical attention if necessary. A tetanus booster may be recommended if you haven’t had one in the past 5 years.

Though rare, spider bites do occur. Your risk of being bitten increases if you live in areas where there is clutter and debris and their habitat has been disturbed. Black widow spiders prefer warm climates and dark, dry places. The brown recluse spider has not been documented in Hawaii.