Number of sons and daughters of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)

Question

how many daughters did al rasool (salaa alaho alayhee wasalam) has? and from which of his wives (radeyaa alaahoo 3anhonaa jame3an) ?

Answer

Praise be to Allaah.

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
had both sons and daughters, the first of whom was al-Qaasim, from whom he
took his kunya Abu’l-Qaasim. He died in childhood, and it was said that he
lived until he was old enough to ride. Then came Zaynab, and it was said
that she was older than al-Qaasim; then Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthoom and Faatimah.
It was said concerning each of them that she was older than her two sisters.
It was narrated from Ibn ‘Abbaas that Ruqayyah was the oldest of the three
and that Umm Kulthoom was the youngest. Then ‘Abd-Allaah was born to him.
There is some dispute as to whether he was born after his Prophethood began
or before. Some scholars said that he was born after his Prophethood began.
There is also some dispute as to whether he was al-Tayyib or al-Taahir, or
whether they were other children; the correct view is that these were
nicknames given to him; and Allaah knows best. These children were all born
from Khadeejah and he had no children from any other wife. Then Ibraaheem
was born to him from his concubine Maariyah al-Qibtiyyah in 8 AH. (Zaad
al-Ma’aad, 1/103).

So the sons and daughters of the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) were all born to him from his wife Umm
al-Mu’mineen Khadeejah (may Allaah be pleased with her), apart from
Ibraaheem, who was born from the Prophet’s concubine Maariyah (may Allaah be
pleased with her), who was given to him as a gift by al-Muqawqis, the king
of Alexandria and the leader of the Copts. According to the most correct
opinion, he had seven children, three boys and four girls. The boys were:

1-al-Qaasim

2-‘Abd-Allaah

3-Ibraaheem

And the girls were:

1-Zaynab

2-Ruqayyah

3-Umm Kulthoom

4-Faatimah

All of his children died during his lifetime, apart from
Faatimah who died after him (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).