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(8) Bacteria arose by reductive evolution; secondary, convergent adaptations to thermophily entailed the formation of a variety of membrane lipids, often with ether bonds, but still with a sn1,2 stereoconfiguration.

(9) LUCA adaptation to high temperatures; this entailed the replacement of wasgeneticallyredundant; thereforethedifferentiallossofparalogous gene copies in different lines ofdescentis a predictedsource ofphylogeneticdiscrepancieswithrespect to the SSU-rRNAtree.

(3) LUCA was a protoeukaryote, with a RNA genome inherited from its progenote ancestor. This RNA LUCA was in a metabolically and morphologically heterogeneous community, constantly shuffling around genetic material. Part of it was phagotrophic. LUCA remained an evolutionary entity, though loosely defined and constantly changing, as long as this promiscuity lasted.

(4) The RNA to DNA transition took place independently in different lineages of this community; the intervention of viruses appears a likely mechanism. This process led to the emergence of the three Domains.

(1) from its progenote ancestor. This RNA LUCA was in a metabolically and morphologically heterogeneous community, constantly shuffling around genetic material. Part of it was phagotrophic. LUCA remained an evolutionary entity, though loosely defined and constantly changing, as long as this promiscuity lasted.Theword "prokaryote" has becomeinadequateandmisleading.

(2) Eukaryoticidiosyncrasiesand a reappraisalofphylogeny do not support thenotionof a prokaryotic LUCA nor ofprokaryoticancestorsoftheeukaryotic cell body. Theorderofbranching in theuniversaltree has no bearing on thecellulararchitectureof LUCA.

Glansdorff from its progenote ancestor. This RNA LUCA was in a metabolically and morphologically heterogeneous community, constantly shuffling around genetic material. Part of it was phagotrophic. LUCA remained an evolutionary entity, though loosely defined and constantly changing, as long as this promiscuity lasted.etal2008 Biology Direct 2008, 3:29

E.V. Koonin: vývoj buněk z pradávného světa virů from its progenote ancestor. This RNA LUCA was in a metabolically and morphologically heterogeneous community, constantly shuffling around genetic material. Part of it was phagotrophic. LUCA remained an evolutionary entity, though loosely defined and constantly changing, as long as this promiscuity lasted.

Embley & Martin, Nature from its progenote ancestor. This RNA LUCA was in a metabolically and morphologically heterogeneous community, constantly shuffling around genetic material. Part of it was phagotrophic. LUCA remained an evolutionary entity, though loosely defined and constantly changing, as long as this promiscuity lasted.Vol 440|30 March 2006|

Bakteriální biosféra from its progenote ancestor. This RNA LUCA was in a metabolically and morphologically heterogeneous community, constantly shuffling around genetic material. Part of it was phagotrophic. LUCA remained an evolutionary entity, though loosely defined and constantly changing, as long as this promiscuity lasted.