Psych 111 Exam 2 - Ch 8

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Define intelligence

the human ability to use knowledge to solve problems, understand complex ideas, learn quickly and adapt to environmental challenges.

Who first studied intelligence?

What did he theorize about intelligence?

Psychometric testing:

Psychometric testing: Achievement tests

asses specific skills and knowledge

Psychometric testing: Aptitude tests

help predict a range of performance

Psychometric testing: Cognitive testing

It is the study of how people perceive, remember, think, speak, and solve problems

Biological influences

Biological influences: Nature vs Nurture?

Biological influences: Intelligence variance due to genes: How does time affect genetic influence?

Environmental Factors

Environmental Factors: Flynn effect

Who developed IQ?

Wilhelm Stern

IQ – average?

100

How it is defined and what does it mean?

the number computed by dividing a child’s estimated mental age by the child's chronological age and then multiplying this number by 100

What is mental age?

an assessment of a child’s intellectual standing relative to that of his or her peers; determined by a comparison of the child's test score with the average score for children of each chronological age

What is a major criticism of intelligence tests?

Cultural bias

-they may penalize people for belonging to particular cultures or particular groups

Fluid vs Crystallized intelligence:

fluid:

-information processing in novel or complex circumstances

Crystallized:

-knowledge acquired through experience and the ability to use that knowledge

Gardner’s “multiple intelligences”

the idea that people can show different skills in a variety of different domains