Background: Elevated
rates of HIV and STIs have been reported in the Peruvian Amazon; indigenous
populations have not been exempt. This study aimed to increase understanding of
indigenous health students' insights about HIV and STIs in their communities. Indigenous
health students were chosen as key informants due to their familiarity with both
indigenous culture and western medicine. Their views are significant as they
are the future health care providers of the Amazon. Methods: In
June and July of 2009, we conducted 18 semi-structured interviews with a
purposive sample of indigenous health students from six Amazonian ethnic groups
(Achuar, Awajun, Quechua-Lamista, Murui, Shipibo-Konibo, and Wampis) in four
cities in Peru. Participants were
current or recent students of medicine, nursing and pharmacy. Participants from
these diverse geographic, cultural, and educational backgrounds were asked
about their knowledge and perceptions of HIV and STIs in their communities. Interviews
were transcribed and ATLAS.ti was used to conduct a conventional content
analysis.Results: We
found: 1) indigenous populations lack education, outreach and care for HIV and
STIs; 2) many indigenous people seek traditional medicine for treatment of HIV
and STIs; 3) indigenous health workers conduct HIV and STI outreach more
effectively than non-indigenous health workers; 4) indigenous students face
barriers to accessing education in health related fields; 5) health posts in
indigenous communities are understaffed; however, most indigenous health
students plan to return to their community's closest health post to practice. Participants
recommended strengthening health systems in the Amazon; developing culturally
competent, multi-lingual health outreach programs; supporting shamans and
traditional medicine; and enhancing the capacity of indigenous people to study
and work in health fields.Conclusions: This study gives voice to
indigenous health students of the Peruvian Amazon and illustrates the need to
address their recommendations, as well as, provide opportunities for indigenous
people to pursue careers in health.