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Abstract

The present studies of phytoplankton algal species belonging to genra. Anabaenopsis, Anbaena and Nostoc of family Nostocaceae along with physico chemical analysis from Chakan lake, district, Dadu, Sindh, Pakistan. Ecological studies of phytoplankton in saline water was done from December 2013 to November 2014.

Keywords

Saline water, Ecological survey,
Nostocaceae, Chakan lake

Introduction

Chakan Lake is the largest and oldest salt water lake in Sindh, it is located Palh village 26°57′3394N 67°51′0610E nearly
25 km in north from Dadu city. The lake covers an area of 142 meters. The lake collects water from numerous small agricultural channels from (Dadu canal). It was nearly 12 meters deep in the beginning but continuously silting and deposition decaying has
decreased the depth up to 5 to 7 meters. The importance of ecological studies of these organisms can be released from the fact
that Planktonic species are important component of aquatic environment they make significant contribution to the ecological
condition of these water [1]. Phytoplankton species are essential components of aquatic ecosystems especially for productivity
of water bodies hence they play role of producers in aquatic ecosystem. Fish population is dependent on the species directly
either indirectly [2]. Species of Phytoplankton (Nostocaceal) have been studied by many authors from various area of Pakistan [3-5].
Present study of Phytoplankton (Nostocaceae) was made from three station of Chakhan lake.

Materials And Methods

Chakhan lake, Dadu, Sindh was surveyed from December 2013 to November 2014 from three places (Tables 1-6). The collection
and studies material was the same as described with previously the phytoplankton (Nosttocaceae) samples were stored in plastic bottles, and preserved 4% formalumic. Identification of phytoplankton was made by literatix [6]. The algae were classified [2].

Table 6: Water quality analysis of samples were collected from Chakan lake on 25-05-2014.

Results And Discussion

The regular record of physic-chemical parameters at interval of 30 days carried during December 2013 to November 2014.
The pH water was high 10.00 in month of June and December and it was lower at 7.9 in the month of September and October.
The maximum water temperature was 45°C in the month of June and it was decreased i.e. 18.2°C in the month of January. Total
dissolved solid (TDS) was 1050 mg/l in the month of July. The oxygen was highest i.e. 5.1 mg/l and it was lowest i.e. 3.1 mg/l in
the month of May. The maximum conductivity was 19.2 μs/cm in July 2014. Concentration of sodium was much higher throughout
the study period than other cations. Sodium fluctuated from 9.1 in December 2014 and 2013. Chloride maximum concentration
in May (4390 mg/l) and minimum in February (3240 mg/l). Total alkalinity increased in winter fluctuating between 905 mg/l in
station I and 1040 mg/l in station III the maximum value of hardness was recorded in May (4390 mg/l) while 1810 mg/l minimum
value occurred in November. During the study period species of Phytoplankton (Nostocaceae), were collected from Chakan lake
during the period of study are noted in Tables 7-11. These species were appeared huge quantity due to salt water, filamentous
algae belonging to Anabaenopsis and Nostoc were present in huge range in this water the available of these species in Chakan
lake, huge Fishes such as The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) feeding
on the Phytoplankton. Species have been satisfactory in Chakan Lake [7,8]. Species of (Nostocaceae) Anabaena wisconsinense,
Anabaena oscillariodes have been reported from Kenjhar lake but species, Anabaena vigorious, A. flosaquae, A. variabilis and A.
oryzae recorded in the Chakan lake. Anabaena species and Nostoe in reported for the first time as cynophyceae at Chakan lake. Anabaenopsis reciborcki was observed huge quantity in this lake. Our results were agreed with the studies of [9,10]. In Anabaenae
and Nostoc, Anabaena vigutri, Anabaena flosaque, Anabaena variables, along with species of Nostoc calcicola, Nostoc pentiformes and Nostoc sphaerium were observed in the lake. Nostoclikia and Anabaena oryzae were found through the year in the lake. But
two species of Nostoc paludosum and Nostoc cellipsosporum were found low gently in the lake [11]. It is observed low species composition of the Chakan lake. The lake was changed in different reasons and some species were appeared in different areas. Ecological studies and Phytoplankton (Nostocaceae) of Chakan lake indicate further studies are required to document seemed
variations of Phytoplankton at its different location (Table 1).