This party was a reaction to the ever increasing flood of immigrants into the country. called themselves the Know-Nothing Party because nearly every time members were asked a question about their activities they constantly reply "I don't know". an anti-immigrant, anti-Catholic movement by the nativist American political faction of the 1850s that strove to curb immigration andnaturalization.

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Lowell system and Lowell Girls

Francis Lowell built a better machine to weave clothes than in Britian. He built mills in Massachuses that made clothin g. The factories were staffed by young women who lived in bording houses that had a library and hospital. Women became more educated that were working there due to the libraries.

Factory Girls Association

·Lowellworkers went on a strike to protest a wage cut that took away nearly one-fourthof their pay, by 1830s, working conditions in Lowell mills had declined, hourslengthened, wage decreased

·1834,first strike, 1836, protested again because of a rent increase

·The strikes and an economic recession in 1837virtually ended the Lowell system, attention began shifting to another workingsource- immigrants

Sarah Bagley

worked in mills during the early 19th century and founded the Lowell Female Labor Reform Society advocating for 10 hour work days

" cult of domesticity"

men are more fit for the competitive world of business and politics; while women are more suited to raise the family and preserve the home. Women never spoke against their husbands. only applied to middle and upper class women not working or black

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Boston born scholar and transcendentalist, wrote essays most notably " Self Reliance" stressed individualism, self improvement optimism and freedom; was friends with Henry David Thoreau

is a popular leader who wrote essay on the Duty of Civil Disobedience. He didn’t like government, thought that humans were naturally good, and was against expansion of slavery was an abolitionist

Oneida Community

A community in New York the practiced both free love and birth control. They would select the best parents to create the best child. The community flourished for 30 years due to a good economy from sliverwear

He was a prominent American abolitionist and social reformer best known as the editor of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator and as one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society.

When: Jan. 1, 1831

Sig: he promoted "immediate emancipation" of slaves in America.

A Boston free black man who published papers against slavery. In 1829 David Walker published his “Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World.”

London anti slavery conference of 1840

Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton had to sit in balcony

Along with Susan B. Anthony and Lucretia Mott, they organized the first women's rights convention at Seneca Falls, New York in 1848. This signaled the beginning of the Women's Rights Movement in the United States.

Wrote the Declaration of Sentiments modeled directly after the Declaration of Independence.

Credited with starting the first civil rights acts and womens suffrage movements

declaration of sentiments and resolutions

paraphrasing the constitution

"all men and women are created equal"

-11 other resolutions including voting rights for other women

American Colonization Society

-founded in 1817

-purchased land in Africa (Liberia) with the intention of solving the "Negro problem" by transporting freed slaves there. Society backers were convinced that both blacks and whites would benefit from racial separation.

Uncle Tom's Cabin was published in 1852 as an anti-slavery narrative about a long suffering African American slave-- Uncle Tom. Its author, Harriet Beecher Stowe, was a Connecticut teacher and abolitionist who showed the world the barbaric reality of slavery with her popular book.

30. Lone Star Republic

Also known as the Republic of Texas, it was called the Lone Star Republic because it was all alone in its fight to secede from Mexico. It was an independent sovereign nation in North America. The United States didn’t offer any help. Texas formed as a separate nation after gaining its freedom from Mexico in 1836, the republic then claimed borders.

belief that U.S. expansion across North America was justified and inevitable; even ordained by God

anti-slavery members, main purpose was opposing the expansion of slavery into the western territories, arguing that free men on free soil comprised a morally and economically superior system to slavery. Absorbed by Republican Party

1. Cali admitted as a free state

2. Utah & New mexico territories are created (popular sovereignty).

3. The slave trade is prohibited in Wash DC.

4. Harsher Fugitive Slave Law.

5. New Mexico gets to choose Texas border.

6. Texas's $10million debt is assumed by government.

South didn't get many concessions, north outraged over Fugitive Slave Law.

Law meant to help slaveholders recapture runaway slaves.

Those found helping slaves would be fined or jailed. This added to the rage in the North.

1850

Came about because California wanted to be admitted as a free state

-By Stephan A Douglas

-Proposed that the issue of slavery be decided by popular sovereignty in the Kansas (slave) and Nebraska (free) territories, thus revoking the 1820 Missouri Compromise

Founded in Northern States in 1855 by anti-slavery activists, modernizers, ex-Whigs and ex-Free Soilers, the Republican Party quickly became the principal opposition to the dominant Democratic Party

anti slavery party

Settlers in the Kansas territory are able to determine for themselves if they want to be free or slave. Opposing groups violently fight over this decision (small civil war).

Radical Abolitionist

Led a raid starting from Kansas to Harpers Ferry, Virginia

Raided arsenal planning to give weapons to slaves

Was captured at Harpers Ferry and charged for murder and treason

Sentenced to death and was hanged

> Scott’s owner had taken him into free territory and so Scott sued for his freedom

> Court said slaves could not sue and he was not free

> Ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional (judicial review)

> Case meant that Congress could not ban slavery anywhere

> Ruling official makes Slaves property

>was highly criticized throughout the North

I am not, nor ever have been, in favor of bringing about in any way the social and political equality of the white and black races.” How can this 1858 statement of Abraham Lincoln be reconciled with his 1862 Emancipation Proclamation?

Due to the war he changed his look on the blacks. He believed that all people are equal regardless of their race

the act of pulling out of a union

The withdrawal of at first 7 states, and eventually eleven Southern states from the Union in 1860, leading to the Civil War.

first major battle of the civil war and the confederates victory. the battle was also known as the first battle of manassas. It shattered the North's hopes of winning the war quickly

Union came across Lee's battle plans and planned a counterattack; meeting Lee at Antietam Creek in Maryland; bloodiest single day battle; raised confidence in North; proved that General Lee could be defeated; cost South any hope of European support

1st general of the army of the Potomac. He was too cautious; He wanted to maintain his reputation (wanted to be President) Fired for non-active and aggressiveness.

He commanded the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in the American Civil War. He turned down an offer to lead the Union army and joined the Confederacy when his home state of Virginia seceded.He was defeated at the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg and finally surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House on 9 April 1865, effectively ending the war.

Confederate general who, in the Battle of Bull Run, stood like a stone wall, and rallied the Virginians, giving the Confederacy the victory at Bull Run

Was accidentally shot by a Confederate soldier after the Battle of Chancelorsville

I was the commander of the Union army in the Civil War who accepted Lee's surrender at Appomatox. After the war, I served as President during most of the Reconstruction years.

(1863) President Abraham Lincoln issued a preliminary proclomation September 1862, freeing slaves in the areas under Confederate control as of January 1, 1863, the date of the final proclamation, which also authorized the enrollment of black soldiers into the Union army.

Pretty much won lincoln the war

A well-known stage actor and fanatic supporter of the South who assassinated President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865, during a performance at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C. After Lincoln’s death,

advocated seizing land from southern planters and distributing it among the freed slaves, radical Republican leader of the House

Forty acres and a mule

The nations first and only attempt at offering reparations for slavery.

Carpetbagger

northerner who went to the South immediately after the Civil War; especially one who tried to gain political advantage or other advantages from the disorganized situation in southern states;

Scalawag

We're southern whites who supported reconstruction and the republican party after the civil war

Established emancipation. Freed all slaves. One of the three amendments put in place after the civil war.

Anyone born in the United States of America is an American citizen.

The number of Representatives allowed in the House representing a particular state will be determined by the population of that state.

No one who has committed a crime against American may be an elected official.

The citizens right to vote shall not be denied by the states or federal government on the basis of race.

Federal government agency that provided aid to freed slaves from 1865-1869 during the Reconstruction Era.

Sharecroppers

People (mostly black) who rented land from a landlord were forced to give 1/3 of their crop back to the landlord.

crop-lien system

in this system, Storekeepers granted credit until the farm was harvested. To protect the creditor, the storekeeper took a mortgage, or lien, on the tenant's share of the crop. The system was abused and uneducated blacks were taken advantage of. The result, for Blacks, was not unlike slavery.

Ku Klux Klan

a secret society created by white southerners in 1866 that used terror and violence to keep African Americans from obtaining their civil rights

Mississippi Black Code, 1865

attempted to require separation of the races in public places and facilities (looked like slavery with a new name)

Election results were tied between Hayes and Samuel J. Tilden. They gave the presidency to Hayes, Deal was made by a special congressional commission

when: March 2 1877

sig:who removed the federal troops from the south and Democrats regained control.

1915 silent drama film directed by D. W. Griffith. Stunned viewers and glorified the KKK in the Reconstruction era.

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