Birth. Ca. 1073, regio della Suburra, Rome. Of a bourgeois family. Son of Benedetto di Suburra. He probably was a nephew of Pope Honorius II, on his mother's side. Uncle of Cardinal Guido della Suburra (1153). His first name is also listed as Chunradus; and his last name as della Suburra.

Education. Joined the Augustinian Canons Regular Lateranense. Abbot of the monastery of Saint-Ruf in Avignon.

Priesthood. Ordained (no further information found). In 1125, on behalf of Pope Honorius II, he intervened in the controversial selection of the abbot of the monastery of S. Maria di Farfa. Prior of the monastery of S. Anastasia, Rome. Abbot of the monastery of Saint-Ruf, Valence. In 1127, also in the name of the pope, he settled the succession to the abbot of Monte Cassino.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal bishop of Sabina in the consistory of December 1127 (1). Consecrated (no information found). Subscribed papal bulls issued between May 7, 1128 and April 19, 1129; April 3, 1130 and May 16, 1143; October 19, 1143 and March 6, 1144; March 15, 1144 and February 14, 1145; March 10, 1145 and June 16, 1153. Participated in the papal election of 1130, in which Pope Innocent II was elected. Vicar of Rome when Pope Innocent II had to go into exile, 1130 to 1137 and 1139. Participated in the papal election of 1143, in which Pope Celestine II was elected. Participated in the papal election of 1144, in which Pope Lucius II was elected. Participated in the papal election of 1145, in which Pope Eugenius III was elected. Vicar of Rome for Pope Eugenius III in the summer of 1145; from the beginning of 1147 to November 1149; and from the summer of 1150 to December 1152. Participated in the papal election of 1153 and was elected pope.

Papacy. Elected pope on July 8, 1153, in the patriarchal Vatican basilica. Took the name Anastasius IV. Crowned, July 12, 1153, in the patriarchal Lateran archbasilica, by Cardinal Odone Fattiboni, protodeacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro. He created three cardinals in one consistory.

Death. December 3, 1154, Rome. Buried in the patriarchal Lateran archbasilica in the porphyry sarcophagus of St. Helena.

Birth. (No date found), Città di Castello. Of an aristocratic family. His first name is also listed as Wido; and his last name as de Castellis, de Castello and di Città di Castello.

Education. Student and long-time admirer of Pierre Abélard. He obtained the title of magister.

Early life. Apostolic subdeacon and scriptor in the pontificate of Pope Callistus II. He was a learned canonist, respected by his versatile erudtion.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon of S. Maria in Via Lata in the consistory of December 1127 (1). Participated in the papal election of 1130, in which Pope Innocent II was elected. Subscribed papal bulls issued between April 3, 1130 and December 21, 1133. Legate in Cologne and Aachen, 1131-1132. Opted for the order of cardinal priests and the title of S. Marco in December 1133. In November 1137, he presented the case of the legitimacy of Pope Innocent II before King Roggiero II of Sicily. In 1138, he was part of a papal legation formed by Cardinals Aymery de la Châtre, chancellor of the Holy Roman Church, Gerardo Caccianemici dell'Orso, Can. Reg. of S. Maria di Reno, and Badouin, O.Cist., of S. Maria in Trastevere, supporting the pope in the dispute over the legitimacy of the election of Abbot Rainaldo and over the relations of the abbey with the papacy and the empire; Cardinal Aymery deposed the abbot for supporting Antipope Anacletus II. Rector (governor) of Benevento in 1139. Legate in France, 1139-1140. Bernard de Clairvaux, future saint, wrote to Cardinal Guido asking him not to let his sympathy and affection for Abélard support his old teacher's doctrine. Participated in the papal election of 1143 and was elected pope. Legate in France.

Papacy. Elected pope on September 26, 1143 at the Lateran palace. Took the name Celestine II (2). Consecrated bishop of Rome, October 3, 1143, by Cardinal Albéric, O.S.B.Clun., bishop of Ostia; he was crowned on that same day by Gregorio Tarquini, protodeacon of Ss. Sergio e Bacco. He created thirteen cardinals in three consistories.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928, p. 125, no. 23. Brixius, Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130-1181, p. 34-35, no. 19, says that he was promoted to the cardinalate on March 28, 1126 .(2) There had been a pope by the same name, Celestine II (1124), Teobaldo Boccapecora, who resigned the papacy to avoid a schism. He is not considered a pope and, therefore, does not count in the papal chronology.

Birth. (No date found), France. He is also listed as Pierre Octave and Pietro Ottavio (1).

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon of S. Adriano of in the consistory of December 1127 (2). Legate in France. He became friend of Bernard de Clairvaux, future saint, who wrote him three letters. Participated in the election of Antipope Anacletus II in February 1130. Named pseudocardinal priest of S. Eusebio by the antipope. Subscribed a bull issued on April 24, 1130. Died shortly after without having made his submission to the legitimate pope.

(1) "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928, p. 125, no. 24, says that he belonged to the family of the counts of Tusculum.Some sources say that he was an uncle of Antipope Victor IV.(2) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928, p. 125. His biography in French, linked above, says that he was created cardinal in 1128.