9.3 Industrialization Spreads

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19.3 Industrialization SpreadsThe Industrialization that begins in Great Britain spreads to other parts of the world.

2BackgroundBritain did NOT want the secrets of industrialization to reach other parts of the worldThey forbid engineers, mechanics and toolmakers to leave the country

3Industrial Development in the United StatesU.S. has natural and labor resources needed to industrializeSamuel Slater, English textile worker, builds textile mill in the U.S. (from memory and a partial design)Lowell, Massachusetts is a mechanized textile center by 1820

4Industrial Development in the United StatesManufacturing towns spring up around factories across the countryYoung single women flock to factory towns, work in textile millsClothing and shoemaking industries soon mechanize

5Industrial Development in the United StatesLater Expansion of U.S. IndustryIndustrialization picks up during post-Civil War technology boomCities like Chicago expand rapidly due to location on railroad linesSmall companies merge to form larger, powerful companies

6Industrial Development in the United StatesThe Rise of CorporationsStock—limited ownership rights for company, sold to raise moneyCorporation—company owned by stockholders, share profits not debtsLarge corporations attempt to control as much business as they can

8Continental Europe IndustrializesGermany IndustrializesPolitical, economic barriers; but industry, railroads boom by mid-centuryExpansion Elsewhere in EuropeNorthern Italy, Spain etc.Industrialization in France was more controlled: did not face the great social and economic problems of other industrializing countries

9The Impact of IndustrializationRise of Global InequalityWealth gap widens; non-industrialized countries fall further behindImperialism (extending one country’s rule over other lands) spreads due to need for raw materials, markets

10The Impact of IndustrializationTransformation of SocietyEurope and U.S. gain economic powerAfrican and Asian economies lag, based on agriculture, craftsRise of middle class strengthens democracy, calls for social reform

11Discussion QuestionsWhy do you think Britain didn’t want Industrialization to spread to other countries?Why do you think young, single women wanted to work at the textile factories?Why did entrepreneurs sell stock in the first place?Do you think the rise in inequality (some countries becoming very wealthy while others fall further behind) is fair or unfair?