University of Cambridge physicist Dr. Stephen W. Hawking is shown in Los Angeles, Calif., in Sept. 1992. Hawking, born in 1942, was diagnosed with amytrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, at age 21. Dr. Hawking communicates through his computerized voice synthesizer. (AP Photo/Chris Martinez)

Marilyn vos Savant, who reportedly possesses the world's highest tested IQ, poses with her husband, Dr. Robert Jarvik, inventor of the artificial heart Jarvik-7, at the Guinnes World of Records exhibit at New York's Empire State Building, on March 16, 1988. (AP Photo)

Physicist Alan Guth of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology asks a question during a news conference at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Mass., Monday, March 17, 2014, after researchers gave a presentation about their new findings on the early expansion of the universe. Scientists say that the universe was born almost 14 billion years ago, exploding into existence in an event called the Big Bang. Now researchers say theyâve spotted evidence that a split-second later, the expansion of the cosmos got a powerful-jump start. Experts called the discovery a major advance if confirmed. (AP Photo/Elise Amendola)

Field medal winner Australian Terence Tao poses for the media before a press conference in Madrid, at the International Congress of Mathematicians, Tuesday, Aug. 22, 2006. Russian Andrei Okounkov, France's Wendelin Werner and Russian Grigori Perelman also won the Field medal, the world's highest honor in the field of maths, but Perelman refused to receive the award. (AP Photo/Bernat Armangue)

UNITED STATES - MAY 24: PRESIDENT'S SALARY--John H. Sununu - president, JHS Associates and former chief of staff to President Bush, testifies before the House Government Reform Committee on whether the president's salary should be adjusted. (Photo by Douglas Graham/Congressional Quarterly/Getty Images)

AUSTIN, TX - JUNE 18: Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson lectures onstage at the Long Center on June 18, 2015 in Austin, Texas. (Photo by Rick Kern/WireImage)

BEIJING - AUGUST 13: (CHINA OUT) Noam Chomsky looks on during the ceremony for the Conferment of the Honorary Doctorate at Peking University on August 13, 2010 in Beijing, China. (Photo by ChinaFotoPress/Getty Images)

FILE - In this Dec. 13, 2011 photo, Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen listens during a a news conference in Seattle. An AWOL soldierâs simple scheme to defraud one of the richest men in the world has landed him in federal custody, according to a criminal complaint. In the complaint unsealed Monday, March 26, 2012, federal investigators allege Brandon Lee Price changed the address on a bank account held by billionaire Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, then had a debit card sent to his Pittsburgh home so he could use it for payments on a delinquent Armed Forces Bank account and personal expenses. (AP Photo/Elaine Thompson)

Steven Pinker, author and Harvard professor, speaks during an interview in New York, U.S., on Friday, May 22, 2015. Pinker's latest book, 'The Sense of Style: The Thinking Person's Guide to Writing in the 21st Century,' was released in 2014. Photographer: Victor J. Blue/Bloomberg via Getty Images

IMAGE DISTRIBUTED FOR INVISION FOR CHESS CLUB AND SCHOLASTICS CENTER OF ST. LOUIS - World chess legend Garry Kasparov makes a move during a series of rapid and blitz exhibition games called Ultimate Moves held following the 2015 Sinquefield Cup at the Chess Club and Scholastics Center of St. Louis on September 3, 2015, in St. Louis. (Photo by Erin Stubblefield/Invision for Chess Club and Scholastics Center of St. Louis/AP Images)

CORRECTS OPPONENT TO MAXIME VACHIER-LAGRAVE, OF FRANCE, NOT LEVON ARONIAN, OF ARMENIA - Magnus Carlsen, of Norway, currently the top ranked player in the world, ponders a move during his match against Maxime Vachier-Lagrave, of France, during the sixth round of the Sinquefield Cup chess tournament Tuesday, Sept. 2, 2014, in St. Louis. (AP Photo/Jeff Roberson)

Princeton University mathematics professor Andrew John Wiles poses next to "Fermat's Last Theorem" written on a chalkboard in his Princeton, N.J., office Tuesday, Jan. 6, 1998. Wiles, 44, a native of Cambridge, England, was awarded the $200,000 1998 King Faisal International Prize for solving the 350-year-old mathematical puzzle that scores of mathematicians could not. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)