Urbanization city and urban areas

This leads to feelings of deprivation which can lead to crime. For young people in these countries barriers exist such as, lack of access to financial services and business advisory services, difficulty in obtaining credit to start a business, and lack of entrepreneurial skills, in order for them to access opportunities in these industries.

While urbanization is associated with improvements in public hygienesanitation and access to health careit also entails changes in occupational, dietary and exercise patterns.

Much of the solar energy that reaches rural areas is consumed by evaporation of water from vegetation and soil. The global rural population is now close to 3. Residents of rural areas and communities in the United States have higher rates of obesity and engage in less physical activity than urban residents.

Much of the expected urban growth will take place in countries of the developing regions, particularly Africa. In some regions where urbanization happens in wealthier areas, a rise in property crime and a decrease in violent crime is seen.

By combining economic, environmental, and social sustainability, cities will become equitable, resilient, and more appealing than urban sprawl that overuses landpromotes automobile useand segregates the population economically. Overall, body mass index and cholesterol levels increase sharply with national income and the degree of urbanization.

Investment in human capital so that young people have access to quality education and infrastructure to enable access to educational facilities is imperative to overcoming economic barriers. Then, those chemicals are washed directly into rivers, streams and oceans, causing a decline in water quality and damaging marine ecosystems.

When the residential area shifts outward, this is called suburbanization. In the United States, this process has reversed as ofwith "re-urbanization" occurring as suburban flight due to chronically high transport costs. The New York-Newark area and Cairo complete the top ten most populous urban areas with around Changing forms[ edit ] Different forms of urbanization can be classified depending on the style of architecture and planning methods as well as historic growth of areas.

A number of researchers and writers suggest that suburbanization has gone so far to form new points of concentration outside the downtown both in developed and developing countries such as India.

Much rural-to-urban migration will take place as a result of hardship, as the rural and landless poor make their way to cities and towns in hopes of any employment.

In-migration refers to migration from former colonies and similar places. Some factors include per capita income, income inequality, and overall population size. As most crime tends to cluster in city centers, the further the distance from the center of the city, the lower the occurrence of crimes are.

Equally important, migration to urban areas can be expected to increase as economies grow and the likelihood of earning a higher income in cities increases. Throughout the world, as communities transition from rural to more urban societies, the number of people effected by asthma increases.﻿Urbanization is a socio-economic process by which an increasing proportion of the population of an area becomes concentrated into the towns and cities.

The term is also defined as the level of population concentration in urban areas. Global urbanization map showing the percentage of urbanization per country in Guangzhou, a city of million people, is one of the 8 adjacent metropolises located in the largest single agglomeration on earth, ringing the Pearl River Delta of China.

Mumbai is the most populous city in India, and the eighth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of. Urban Threats. Urbanization spurs a unique set of issues to both humans and animals.

and by two-thirds of the world's people are expected to live in urban areas. But in cities two of the. Urbanization refers to the increasing number of people that live in urban areas. It predominantly results in the physical growth of urban areas, be it horizontal or vertical. The United Nations.

Inthe United Nations announced that 50 percent of the world's population now lives in urban areas. However, only about 5 percent of world population lives in the largest cities.

It is useful and important to know just how the term "urban" is defined. There is some debate about the sustainability and permanence of movement patterns into US downtown areas, but migration to more broadly defined urban clustering is clearly occurring.

Experts at the United Nations, US Census Bureau, and other bodies are aligned in expecting the urbanization trend to continue, but they differ in the anticipated.