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Horfield was a parish in the hundred of Berkeley in Gloucestershire, which included Bishopston, Golden Hill, Lockleaze and part of Ashley Down.[3]

Historically, the area had a reputation as a lawless place because Horfield Wood was the haunt of thieves and vagrants. The area remained rural until the early 19th century.

Following the 1831 Bristol Riots, during which the local gaol burnt down, Horfield Prison was completed in 1847. A permanent military presence was established in the city with the completion of Horfield Barracks also in 1847.[4]

Horfield was mostly developed from the mid 19th century onwards. In 1859, Bishopston became a separate parish. The remainder of Horfield became a civil parish in 1866, when civil parishes were introduced. In 1894 Horfield Urban District was formed, but in 1904 it was absorbed into Bristol.[5]

The parish of Horfield includes Horfield ward to the north, part of the Bristol North West parliamentary constituency, represented since 2017 by Darren Jones, Labour. On Bristol City Council, Horfield ward sends two councillors. Currently, these are Cllr Olly Mead (Labour) and Cllr Claire Hiscott (Conservative).

The southern part of the parish is in Bishopston ward, in Bristol West parliamentary constituency. The sitting MP since 2015 is Thangam Debbonaire, Labour. The current councillors are Cllr David Willingham (Liberal Democrat) and Cllr Daniella Radice (Green)

St. Edmunds Church – erected in the lancet style in 1860 by ST Welch erected as a school and then given a tower and side asiles in 1930 by Hartland Thomas. A building with a roof (similar to Horfield Parish), Anglo catholic interior, and a high church tradition. The church closed in 1979 and was a printers but was demolished in 2006 – the local planning authority did not request obligatory photos.

Horfield Barracks chapel – erected 1859 (not 1847 as in Buildings of England). A fine lancet styled chapel with some good handling of dressings and very good bellcote. Closed in the 1920s and has been converted to offices. It is grade II listed.[8]

Whitefield Tabernacle Muller Road – Contains the 18th century pulpit removed from Penn Street Tabernacle when that was demolished to make way for the city centre. It also contains the superb 1815 wooden organ case.

Over the Airy ellipsoid a straight grid, the National Grid, is placed with a new false origin. This false origin is located south-west of the Isles of Scilly, the distortion created between the OS grid and the projection is countered by a scale factor in the longitude to create two lines of longitude with zero distortion rather than one. Grid north and true north are aligned on the 400 km easting of the grid which is 2° W. 2° 0′ 5″ W. OSGB36 was used by Admiralty nautical charts until 2000 after which WGS84 has been used, a geodetic transformation between OSGB36 and other terrestrial reference systems can become quite tedious if attempted manually. The most common transformation is called the Helmert datum transformation, which results in a typical 7 m error from true, the definitive transformation from ETRS89 that is published by the OSGB is called the National Grid Transformation OSTN02. This models the detailed distortions in the 1936–1962 retriangulation, and achieves backwards compatibility in grid coordinates to sub-metre accuracy, the difference between the coordinates on different datums varies from place to place.

The longitude and latitude positions on OSGB36 are the same as for WGS84 at a point in the Atlantic Ocean well to the west of Great Britain. In Cornwall, the WGS84 longitude lines are about 70 metres east of their OSGB36 equivalents, the smallest datum shift is on the west coast of Scotland and the greatest in Kent. But Great Britain has not shrunk by 100+ metres, a point near Lands End now computes to be 27.6 metres closer to a point near Duncansby Head than it did under OSGB36. For the first letter, the grid is divided into squares of size 500 km by 500 km, there are four of these which contain significant land area within Great Britain, S, T, N and H. The O square contains an area of North Yorkshire, almost all of which lies below mean high tide

In North Devon the slates of the west and limestones of the east meet at Exmoor National Park, the variety of rocks of similar ages seen here have led to the countys name being lent to that of the Devonian period. The east of the region is characterised by wide, flat clay vales and chalk, the vales, with good irrigation, are home to the regions dairy agriculture. The Blackmore Vale was Thomas Hardys Vale of the Little Dairies and these downs are the principal area of arable agriculture in the region. Limestone is found in the region, at the Cotswolds, Quantock Hills and Mendip Hills, all of the principal rock types can be seen on the Jurassic Coast of Dorset and East Devon, where they document the entire Mesozoic era from west to east. The climate of South West England is classed as oceanic according to the Köppen climate classification, the oceanic climate typically experiences cool winters with warmer summers and precipitation all year round, with more experienced in winter. Annual rainfall is about 1,000 millimetres and up to 2,000 millimetres on higher ground, summer maxima averages range from 18 °C to 22 °C and winter minimum averages range from 1 °C to 4 °C across the south-west

The A38, part of which is known as the Devon Expressway, is a major A-class trunk road in England. The road runs from Bodmin in Cornwall to Mansfield in Nottinghamshire and it is 292 miles long, making it the longest 2-digit A road in England. It was formerly known as the Leeds–Exeter Trunk Road, when this included the A61. Prior to the opening of the M5 motorway in the 1960s and 1970s, considerable lengths of the road in the West Midlands closely follow Roman roads, including part of Icknield Street. Between Worcester and Birmingham the current A38 follows the line of a Saxon salt road, For most of the length of the M5 motorway, the A38 road runs alongside it as a single carriageway road. The road starts on the side of Bodmin at a junction with the A30 before traversing the edge of the town to meet the A30 again. It travels through the picturesque Glynn Valley to Dobwalls and Liskeard, the Dobwalls section contains the most sophisticated bat bridge yet constructed in the UK. The A38 continues through the Cornish countryside, bypassing the centre of Saltash, immediately after the tunnel the River Tamar is crossed using the Tamar Bridge where the route resumes dual carriageway status.

It is 42 miles long and was completed in the early 1970s, there are several grade separated junctions along its length mainly for local traffic, including a three-level stacked roundabout for the A386, which heads out towards Dartmoor National Park. The route was reserved for the Parkway as early as 1943, the viaducts carrying the A38 over the River Plym, which after the construction of the Marsh Mills flyover became the Exeter bound sliproads, were built in 1969–70 as part of the Plympton bypass. This required the road to be closed for only 48 hours, the South Brent bypass opened in 1974 and the Ivybridge bypass in 1973, both on new alignments. After Ivybridge, the route parallels the original route, bypassing the village of Lee Mill which is now home to a large trading estate. The road widens to a dual carriageway for the Plympton bypass. This opened in 1971 and was the first section of the Devon Expressway to be built on a new alignment, the route originally ended at the Marsh Mills roundabout, which when opened was the largest in Europe.

The section of the A38 between the A382 junction and Ashburton was built on a new alignment parallel to the old road, trago Mills, a locally well known retailer, is passed by the road. The Ashburton bypass, much like the Kennford bypass, uses the alignment of a much older 1930s single carriageway bypass, which was subsequently upgraded to dual carriageway by 1974. At the town of Buckfastleigh, the once again bypasses on a new alignment, although due to the challenging topography of the area. Some of this section follows part of the old Teign Valley Line railway, before Kennford, the route splits, with the A38 heading for Plymouth and the A380 heading towards Torbay

Wessex Bus is a bus operator in the West of England. In June 2007 the bus side of the South Gloucestershire Bus & Coach was purchased by RotalasubsidiaryFlights Hallmark trading as Wessex Connect. The purchase included 68 buses and was completed in stages until 31 March 2008, in September 2011 Wessex moved into a new depot which was a specially converted former timber yard on St Andrews Road, Avonmouth. The move allowed Wessex to set up a new head office for the south west operations where all the maintenance requirements could be met. The previous depot, which was owned by South Gloucestershire Bus & Coach, was operating at full capacity following the growth of both businesses. From November 2013 they had 132 buses and 242 employees, a major contract included with the purchase of South Gloucestershire Bus & Coach was the University of the West of England Student Shuttle services. The UWE Flyer service was one of the first routes that Wessex Connect ran for South Gloucestershire, the services were branded as Ulink, to provide a new high-quality low-cost bus service for students and staff.

In 2012 the UWE was replaced with Wessex Red branding, the network dropped the U prefix from the routes which was replaced with a 1 in a move to make the network appeal to the ordinary travelling public and not just students. A total of six routes are operated, on 1 September 2014 Wessex Red was renamed Wessex Star. In November 2015 they got a new route called The One and this was very successful leading to another route called The One2. On 11 May 2009, Wessex Connect started operating a new branded Uni-Connect U18 service between University of Bath and Lower Oldfield Park via Bath city centre. Due to the success of the Uni-Connect services that Wessex operated in Bath, on 27 September 2010 Wessex commenced operation of new routes 5 and 10 under the Royal Bath brand name. Running to Twerton and Southdown respectively, they are in addition to frequent services on both of those run by First. On 3 October 2010 Wessex Connect took over operation of route 620 between Tetury and Bath after previous operator Cotswold Green withdrew from the route, in 2015 they got a new park and ride service.

Emergency care including ambulance and emergency department treatment is free to everyone, regardless of immigration or visitor status. The NHS commissions most emergency services through the 14 NHS organisations with ambulance responsibility across the UK. As with other services, the public normally access emergency medical services through one of the valid emergency telephone numbers. This led to the formation of predominantly county based ambulance services, which gradually merged up and changed responsibilities until 2006, when there were 31 NHS ambulance trusts in England. Following further changes as part of the NHS foundation trust pathway, the commissioners in each region are responsible for contracting with a suitable organisation to provide ambulance services within their geographical territory. The primary contract for each area is held by a public NHS body, of which there are 11 in England. The service was operated before reorganisation in 1974 by the St Andrews’ Ambulance Association under contract to the Secretary of State for Scotland, the Northern Ireland Ambulance Service was established in 1995 by parliamentary order, and serves the whole of Northern Ireland.

The Welsh Ambulance ServiceNHS Trust was established on 1 April 1998, there is a large market for private and voluntary ambulance services, with the sector being worth £800m to the UK economy in 2012. This places the voluntary providers in direct competition with private services, expenditure on private ambulances in England increased from £37m in 2011−12 to £67. 5m in 2013/4, rising in London from £796,000 to more than £8. 8m. In 2014−15, these 10 ambulance services spent £57.6 million on 333,329 callouts of private or voluntary services - an increase of 156% since 2010−11, in 2013, the CQC found 97% of private ambulance services to be providing good care. These private, registered services are represented by the Independent Ambulance Association, there are a number of unregistered services operating, who do not provide ambulance transport, but only provide response on an event site. These firms are not regulated, and are not subject to the checks as the registered providers, although they may operate similar vehicles.

There are a number of ambulance providers, sometimes known as Voluntary Aid Services or Voluntary Aid Societies, with the main ones being the British Red Cross. The history of the ambulance services pre-dates any government organised service. As they are in competition for work with the private ambulance providers. Voluntary organisations have provided cover for the public when unionised NHS ambulance trust staff have taken industrial action, there are a number of smaller voluntary ambulance organisations, fulfilling specific purposes, such as Hatzola who provide emergency medical services to the orthodox Jewish community in some cities. These have however run into difficulties due to use of vehicles not legally recognised as ambulances, all emergency medical services in the UK are subject to a range of legal and regulatory requirements, and in many cases are monitored for performance. This framework is largely statutory in nature, being mandated by government through a range of primary and secondary legislation and this requires all providers to register, to meet certain standards of quality, and to submit to inspection of those standards

The fire services in the United Kingdom operate under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England and Wales, Northern Ireland, and Scotland. Emergency cover is provided by over fifty fire and rescue services, many FRS were previously known as brigades or county fire services, but almost all now use the standard terminology. They are distinct from and governed by an authority, which is the legislative and administrative body. Fire authorities in England and Wales, and therefore fire and rescue services and Northern Ireland have centralised fire and rescue services, and so their authorities are effectively committees of the devolved parliaments. The total budget for services in 2014-15 was £2.9 billion. The devolved government in Scotland has an agency, HMFSI Scotland. This Act provided for centralised co-ordination of fire brigades in Great Britain,1947, Fire Services Act 1947 This Act transferred the functions of the National Fire Service to local authorities. Now repealed entirely in England and Wales by Schedule 2 of the Fire,1959, Fire Services Act 1959 This Act amended the 1947 Act, it dealt with pensions, staffing arrangements and provision of services by other authorities.

Postal codes used in the United Kingdom are known as postcodes. They are alphanumeric and were adopted nationally between 11 October 1959 and 1974, having been devised by the GPO, a full postcode is known as a postcode unit and designates an area with a number of addresses or a single major delivery point. For example, the postcode of the University of Roehampton in London is SW15 5PU, the postcode of GCHQ is GL51 0EX, where GL signifies the postal town of Gloucester. The postal town refers to an area and does not relate to a specific town. GL51 is one of the postcodes for the town of Cheltenham which is where GCHQ is located, the London post town covers 40% of Greater London. On inception it was divided into ten districts, EC, WC, N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W. The S and NE sectors were abolished and these divisions changed little, usually only changed for operational efficiency. Some older road signs in Hackney still indicate the North East sector/district, following the successful introduction of postal districts in London, the system was extended to other large towns and cities.

Liverpool was divided into Eastern, Northern and Western districts in 1864/65, in 1917 Dublin – still part of the United Kingdom – was divided into numbered postal districts. These continue in use in a form by An Post. In 1923 Glasgow was divided in a way to London. In January 1932 the Postmaster General approved the designation of some urban areas into numbered districts. In November 1934 the Post Office announced the introduction of numbered districts in every town in the United Kingdom large enough to justify it. Pamphlets were issued to each householder and business in ten areas notifying them of the number of the district in which their premises lay, the pamphlets included a map of the districts, and copies were made available at local head post offices. The public were invited to include the district number in the address at the head of letters. A publicity campaign in the following year encouraged the use of the district numbers, the slogan for the campaign was For speed and certainty always use a postal district number on your letters and notepaper. A poster was fixed to every box in the affected areas bearing the number of the district.

Golden Hill is an inner suburb of Bristol, lying east of Horfield Common and north-east of Bishopston. The housing is mainly in ownership and was built in the 1920s and 1930s. Bristol Rovers practise on the pitch, though it is closed for maintenance as of 2016. The fields are owned by Redland High School for Girls owns the fields, a large Tesco store was built in 1993 on an adjacent green-field site, which had been for many years the playing fields of Bristol Grammar School. The construction was unpopular with the community and drew protests. Plans for expansion are currently being reviewed, a second playing field is located in Golden Hill on Wimbledon Road. This is used by Golden Hill Sports Ltd, which runs the YMCA Cricket Club, in addition, the charity organises childrens activity days during the school holidays as well as a number of social events throughout the year. Map of Golden Hill circa 1900 Henleaze Book includes history of Golden Hill

It was privatised in 1988, acquired by FirstGroup in 1999, in 2001 FirstGroup changed the legal structure of some of its bus operating subsidiaries. The legal entity which had been Badgerline Limited was renamed First City Line Limited, the legal entity which had been First Bristol Buses Limited was renamed First Somerset & Avon Limited in May 2003 after merging with Somerset operations of First Southern National. In 2013 buses started to be painted into the new First Bus livery, First Somerset & Avon is still printed on some tickets, while other tickets are printed with First Bristol & Avon or just First Bristol. In February 2014, Firsts Bridgwater and Taunton business was transferred to First South West, the business instead now sports a two-tone green and cream livery with bespoke branding and social media profiles. These services were transferred to First South West. First West of England operate the majority of services in Bristol, as at March 2016, the fleet consisted of 649 buses and coaches.

South West England is one of nine official regions of England. It is the largest in area, covering 9,200 square miles, and consists of the counties of Gloucestershire, Bristol, Wiltshire, Somerset, Dorset, Devon and Cornwall, as well as the Isles of Scilly. Five million people live in …

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to the west and Scotland to the north-northwest. The Irish Sea lies west of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the …

The United Kingdom, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland but more commonly known as the UK or Britain, is a sovereign country lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of …

Avon and Somerset Constabulary is the territorial police force in England responsible for policing the county of Somerset and the now-defunct county of Avon, which includes the city and county of Bristol and the unitary authorities of Bath and North East Somerset, North Somerset and South …

The fire services in the United Kingdom operate under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England and Wales, Northern Ireland, and Scotland. — Emergency cover is provided by over fifty agencies. These are officially known as a fire and rescue service which is the term used …

Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom provide emergency care to people with acute illness or injury and are predominantly provided free at the point of use by the four National Health Services of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Emergency care including ambulance and …

Filton is a suburban town and civil parish in South Gloucestershire, England, north of the City of Bristol and approximately 5 miles from the city centre. The town centres upon Filton Church, which dates back to the 12th century and is a Grade II listed building.The name of the town comes …

The A38, part of which is also known as the Devon Expressway, is a major A-class trunk road in England. — The road runs from Bodmin in Cornwall to Mansfield in Nottinghamshire. It is 292 miles long, making it the longest 2-digit A road in England. It was formerly known as the Leeds–Exeter …

The Anglo-Saxons were a cultural group who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century, and the direct ancestors of the majority of the modern British people. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British …

Rugby union, commonly known in most of the world simply as rugby, is a contact team sport which originated in England in the first half of the 19th century. One of the two codes of rugby football, it is based on running with the ball in hand. In its most common form, a game is between two teams of …

South African Victor Matfield takes a line-out against New Zealand in 2006.

World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as "the war to end all wars", it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million …

Bristol Rovers Football Club is a professional football club in Bristol, England, which plays in League One, the third tier of English football. The team play home matches at Memorial Stadium in Horfield. — The club was founded in 1883 as Black Arabs F.C. and were also known as Eastville Rovers and …

The Campaign for Real Ale is an independent voluntary consumer organisation headquartered in St Albans, England, which promotes real ale, real cider and the traditional British pub. With over 190,000 members, it is now the largest single-issue consumer group in the UK, and is a founding …

CAMRA logo on a bar towel

First National CAMRA Beer Festival held at Covent Garden, London, 1975

First West of England is a bus operator providing services in Bristol, Bath, Somerset, South Gloucestershire and West Wiltshire. It is a subsidiary of FirstGroup. — History — In 1875 George White formed the Bristol Tramways Company and began a horse-drawn service from Upper Mauldlin Street to …

Wessex Bus was a bus operator in the West of England that operated from June 2007 until September 2018. — History — In June 2007 the bus side of the South Gloucestershire Bus & Coach company was purchased by Rotala subsidiary Flights Hallmark, trading as Wessex Connect. The purchase included 68 …

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Gloucester Road is a road in Bristol, England. It runs through the suburbs of St. Andrew's, Bishopston and Horfield and is a part of the A38, a former coaching route north of Bristol to Filton and the M5 Motorway. — The street is a focal point for local businesses, and is promoted by Bristol City …

Gloucester Road running through Horfield, Bristol.

Both the Bristol Flyer and Bristol North Baths on Gloucester Road were used for location filming in Only Fools and Horses.

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Golden Hill is an inner suburb of Bristol, England, lying east of Horfield Common and north-east of Bishopston. Redland and Henleaze are nearby. The housing is mainly in private ownership and was built in the 1920s and 1930s. — Bristol Rovers practise on the football pitch, though it is closed for …

The Bristol riots refer to a number of significant riots in the city of Bristol in England. — Bristol Bridge riot, 1793 — In 1794 the populace of Bristol were said to be "apt to collect in mobs on the slightest occasions; but have been seldom so spirited as in the late transactions on …

The Memorial Stadium, also commonly known by its previous name of the Memorial Ground, is a sports ground in Bristol, England. It opened in 1921 dedicated to the memory of local rugby union players killed during the First World War, and was the home of Bristol Bears until they moved to Ashton Gate …

Annie Fish was a British cartoonist and illustrator. Her illustration of "Eve" in The Tatler spawned films, theatre and books. — Life — Fish was born in Horfield in Bristol in 1890 before her family moved to London. She became a cartoonist and illustrator after …

Lockleaze is an area and council ward in the northern suburbs of the city of Bristol, England, three miles north of the city centre, south of Filton, east of Horfield and west of Frenchay. — Lockleaze is a long narrow residential area built on the western flank of Purdown on a north-south axis …

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Monks Park is a northern suburb of the city of Bristol, England and is the highest point within the city. Monks Park stretches westward, towards Southmead, from the A38 trunk road. Filton Park lies directly north, on the South Gloucestershire side of the city boundary. Horfield lies to the east of …

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