Essays on trans, intersex, cis and other persons and topics from a trans perspective.......All human life is here.

This site is the most comprehensive on the web devoted to trans history and biography. Well over 1400 persons worthy of note, both famous and obscure, are discussed in detail, and many more are mentioned in passing.)

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31 May 2017

Over the years I have read many of the books by Colin Wilson – one of those
whom the newspapers in the 1950s designated as Angry Young Men - on
existentialism, motiveless murder, Jack the Ripper, the occult, ancient
civilizations etc, etc., although I never read either of his two
autobiographies. There is a new biography out by Gary Lachman, previously Gary
Valentine who played bass with Blondie and guitar with Iggy Pop, and then moved
to London where he has published a whole slew of books on consciousness and the
occult.I have recently read his biography of Colin Wilson. Reading, as I do, lots of
LGBT history it is useful and refreshing to read books in other areas. However
trans history does seem to pop up everywhere these days. On page 7 we find:

“another example of what Wilson called his early ‘sexual perverseness’ was
one he shared with other creative individuals, like the poet Rainer Maria Rilke.
As a young boy Wilson loved to dress up in his mother’s clothes, including her
underwear. Authorities such as the pre-Freudian sexologist Havelock Ellis
suggest that such behaviour ‘indicates a tendency to homosexuality’, as did, for
Ellis, Wilson’s attachment to his mother and dislike of his father. But Wilson
never observed any trace of homosexuality in his makeup.”

This perhaps sounds rather old-fashioned. Most writers today would relate
child transvestity to either Richard Green’s contentious Sissy
Boy Syndrome, or, more productively, cross-dreaming.
Lachman gives no indication of being aware of either of these approaches. He
does, later, page 262-9 summarize Wilson’s interaction with the trans activist
and theorist Charlotte Bach, but a check on his footnotes shows that it is
simply a repetition of what Wilson says about her in his book, The Misfits: A
Study of Sexual Outsiders. There are a couple of attempts to compare Wilson
to Bach’s theoretical schema: p265 “According to Bach’s system, he was a
‘normal’ male, and should therefore not be creative”; p383n27 “Wilson disagreed
that the male sexual drive was to become the female, as Charlotte Bach argued.
It was rather to possess her, which ultimately is an expression of will”.
Reading from a trans perspective, several other trans persons appear or
almost appear. Kenneth
Tynan – also an Angry Young Man – pops up several times, but his fondness
for dressing female, and especially as the silent film star Louise Brooks is
never mentioned. In 1960, Wilson and his wife went on a cruise to Leningrad.
There, they sought out the palace of Felix
Yusupov (where Rasputin was put to death) but there is no mention of Yusupov
as transvestite. Kenneth Walker, Gurdjieffian and Harley Street urologist gave a
positive review of Wilson’s first book, The Outsider, 1956 and they
became friends. This was the very same time that Walker was introducing Georgina
Turtle to surgeons – she had correction surgery in 1957, and then became
Georgina Somerset by marriage. Walker wrote the Foreword to her 1963 book,
Over the Sex Border. None of this is mentioned.
Let us turn to Wilson’s The Misfits. Lachman tells us:

“Following
Charlotte Bach’s story, Wilson runs through a gauntlet of practices that some
readers may find surprising, if not disturbing. What may also be surprising is
that the people engaging in these ‘perversions’ are not anonymous case studies
from Krafft-Ebing or Magnus Hirschfeld, although material from these and other
sexologists appears. Wilson’s case studies involve some of the most famous
creative individuals of the past two centuries. Among his sexual Outsiders we
find philosophers, novelists, composers and poets, and we are treated to
analyses of the intimate lives of, among others, James Joyce, Bertrand Russell,
Marcel Proust, Lord Byron, Algernon Swinburne, Yukio Mishima, Ludwig
Wittgenstein, TE Lawrence, Paul Tillich, Percy Grainger, and aptly enough, the
pre-Freud sexologist Havelock Ellis.”

Readers of this encyclopedia will quickly realise that all the persons on
this list are men. On the other hand I would contend, even if it is based on
anecdotal evidence, that 45-50% of persons indulging in heterosexuality are
female. Wilson seems to have almost no interest in the female experience of sex,
although there is no shortage of such persons writing about it. Off the top of
my head, what about Anaïs Nin, Germaine Greer, Simone de Beauvoir, Colette,
Erica Jong, Leah
Schaefer, Anne Rice, the pre-transition Pat Califia, Kathy Acker (more).
In 1971 Wilson wrote a book on Abraham Maslow, the US psychologist who
developed ideas about hierarchies of need, and peak experiences. They agreed
enough with each other that each referred to the other in several books. Here is
Lachman’s summary of Maslow on women: [Maslow] “discovered that women could be
divided into three dominance groups: high, medium and low. The level of
dominance influenced their sexuality. High-dominance women enjoyed sex and were
promiscuous and experimental, medium-dominance women were romantics looking for
‘Mr Right’, and low-dominance women were shy and afraid of sex.” Could a woman
have written that sentence? We have a 21st century word
‘mansplaining’ – does this apply? I think so. I went googling to see if any
woman writer had ever done anything with this typology. While almost all women
writers did in fact fail to find any use in the typology, one writer does
discuss it and use it: Betty Friedan in her foundational feminist text, The
Feminine Mystique.
In reading Wilson’s The Misfits, one can see that Wilson’s readings in
sexology are Krafft-Ebing, Havelock Ellis and Magnus Hirschfeld. That is:
nothing after the Second World War – no Benjamin, Green, Stoller, Money; no
Butler, Halberstam,
Faderman etc. And certainly no queer theory. He reports at second hand that
Hirschfeld wrote a book on transvestites and found that most were not
homosexual. However he did not read it. His book was 1988, and the English
translation of Hirschfeld’s Transvestites did not come out until three
years later. Wilson’s source was Charlotte Wolff’s biography of Hirschfeld and
the volume Sexual
Anomalies and Perversions, attributed to Hirschfeld but written/edited
by Arthur Koestler and Norman Haire, which Wilson found for sale in what passed
for a sex shop in the 1950s. He finds it an amazing source of sexual
‘perversions’ including ‘transvestism, sadism, masochism, necrophilia’. He
continued to use the word ‘perversion’ even after John Money had persuaded most
sexologists that ‘paraphilia’ was less offensive.
Despite the reservations that I have expressed here, I am intrigued with
Wilson’s suggestion that in the later 18th century and afterwards
there was an ‘imaginative explosion’ that we can trace in sex novels and this
was accompanied by a greater variety of sexual and gender activity. He is
therefore arguing for a social construction approach – although he never uses
the term, nor does he mention Foucault or Trumbach who have developed competing
social construction models. (In a later book, Below the Iceberg, 1998,
Wilson did engage with some of the ideas of Faucault, Barthes and Derrida – he
denounced Foucault as an ‘intellectual con-man’ out to deceive his readers).

Gary Lachman,. Beyond the Robot: The Life and Work of Colin Wilson.
Tarcher Perigee, 2016.

28 May 2017

By her 30s, Nicole in Tennessee had been living as female for many years, was
generally accepted by her family with whom she still lived, and had spent
$15,000 on breast enhancements, but could not afford genital surgery.

Her aunt, Billie Jean, then 60, had married a Michigan millionaire, Don
Rogers, who had made his money in car parts. Billie Jean offered that Nicole
should come and visit in Troy, Michigan. Don also
openly welcomed her.

Nicole and Billie Jean lived an expensive life, often in the casinos in
Detroit. Billie Jean lost tens of thousands of dollars gambling. This led her
husband to berate her and to threaten divorce. Don, who was 74, drank seriously,
both in public and at home before bed.

In the late evening of August 12, 2000, Don was passed out on the floor, next
to his bed. The two women returned home, and called the emergency services, but
he was found to be dead. The police report listed his death as asphyxiation, a
fatal side-effect of alcohol poisoning. He had a blood-alcohol count of .44.
This was highly plausible, and he was quickly cremated. Billie Jean gave Nicole
a new car and $70,000, and Nicole moved to Chicago.

Nicole had a sort-of boyfriend, and she confessed to him that she had poured
vodka down Don’s throat and that Billie Jean had suffocated him with a pillow.
Billie Jean, she said, had offered $100,000 for her co-operation. She also
mentioned that she had been born male, and was still pre-op. The boyfriend
demanded that she strip to prove the last point. The boyfriend went to the
police, and they had him wear a wire and record Nicole repeating the claims.
Nicole was arrested and extradited to Michigan in January 2001.

The only evidence against Billie Jean was Nicole’s account, and she was not
arrested until June. Nicole’s first attorney obtained a plea bargain that she
would be charged with manslaughter rather than first-degree felony murder in
exchange for her testimony – this on the expectation of 7-15 years in prison.
However while awaiting trial, a sheriff’s deputy advised that she should not
plead guilty if she did not believe herself to be guilty. Apparently Nicole did
not understand the concept of felony murder where an accomplice can be guilty
even without harming the victim. She then got a new attorney who attempted to
negotiate for a lower sentence, but without success. Titlow then withdrew her
plea and her testimony, and Billie Jean Rogers was acquitted and released.

Billie Jean died from cancer shortly after.

This left Nicole as the only accused. She was tried for second-degree murder,
convicted and sentenced to 20-40 years.

Titlow appealed citing bad advice and counsel from her second lawyer. She
lost her appeal in the State and District Courts, but won in the Appeals Court.
It found that Titlow’s decision to withdraw her plea and testimony was based on
the offered sentence being much higher than Michigan’s guidelines for
second-degree murder. Also there was no indication that the lawyer had informed
Titlow of the consequences of withdrawing her plea. The Court ordered that the
case be remanded and that the prosecution reoffer the original plea bargain, or
that she be released.

Michigan then appealed and the case went to the US Supreme Court, which ruled
that as the defendant adamantly asserted her innocence, the plea withdrawal was
reasonable.

Nicole is serving her time in a men’s prison, and has been deprived of female
hormones. Her health deteriorated to the point that her breasts were bleeding.
She was taken to hospital for a double mastectomy, but refused the
reconstruction that a woman would normally receive after such an operation.

However Nicole’s attorney managed to get her moved to a different prison
which has a history to taking care of transgender prisoners.

20 May 2017

John Ronald Brown was 69 when he got out of prison. After a period working as
a taxi driver, he restarted his surgical practice in Tijuana, but this time also
lived in Mexico for a while. He sometimes used the pseudonym of Juan Moreno, and
as such had operating room privileges at Hospital Quintana in Playas de Tijuana,
although he was not licensed to practice medicine in Mexico. By now he was
favoring colon
vaginoplasty. Patients would afterwards find that they smelt of rotting
flesh. Many of these returned to Brown for revision (and extra billing); others
ended up in emergency rooms.

Carrie, who had had vaginoplasty with a European surgeon in 1991, engaged
Brown ln 1995 to enhance her labia so that she would be more in demand for nude
modeling. He took a layer of skin from the inside of her mouth to sew onto her
genitals. She was sent home without antibiotics or pain medicine, and it took
three months to heal. A year later Brown came to her Los Angeles home to correct
the results by injecting silicone.

Camille, previously an insurance underwriter, had vaginoplasty from Brown in
1997, and he punctured her rectum. Despite this she was sent home without
medications or follow-up care. She then needed hospitalization for several days
because of pain, complications and infections, and the recto-vaginal fistula
continued to leak into her vagina. She became a stay-in, not able to go
anywhere.

Mimi, who was also beautiful, was well pleased with her operation, and Brown
featured her in a

Mimi

promotional video.

He had an advertising brochure:

The prettiest pussies are John Brown pussies.
The happiest patients are John Brown patients.
Because . . .
1. Each has a sensitive clit.
2. All (99%) get orgasms.
3. Careful skin draping gives a natural appearance.
4. Men love the pretty pussies and the sexy response.

Gregg Furth was a Jungian analyst who had worked with John Money on a
body-modification yearning for which John
Money had coined a term: apotemnophilia (the
desire to have a leg amputated). They published a paper on it in 1977.

Furth experienced the yearning himself, as did his older friend, Philip
Bondy, a retired satellite engineer. They built up a collection of photographs,
slides and videos of male amputees.

Furth came across a newspaper article about John Brown, and flew to San
Diego. He found Brown quite open-minded about a would-be amputee’s right to
choose. In February 1997, Furth returned for the operation, but it was cancelled
after the assisting doctor in Tijuana refused to participate when he realized
just what was to happen. In 1999 they tried again. However on arrival, Furth
found that his desire to be amputated had disappeared. Bondy stepped in to take
the operation in his place. However he died two days later of gangrene in a
motel in California. Brown was arrested and tried by the San Diego authorities,
even though the operation had been done in Tijuana.

The medical receipts showed that Bondy had paid Brown to do the amputation.
This mystified the San Diego police, until trans activist Dallas
Denny phoned in and suggested that they read up on apotemnophilia. This was
confirmed by a police search of Furth’s apartment in New York.

The charge against Brown was upgraded from manslaughter to malice murder in
the second degree, which means that the defendant does something that is
dangerous to human life, knowing it is dangerous to human life and does it
anyway. To make that charge stick, the prosecution needed to demonstrate that
Brown had a history of being reckless. The video tapes in Brown’s apartment
helped, but they also needed to find transsexuals who would testify against him.

Christina had mortgaged her house to pay for surgeries, 10 altogether, by Brown.
However the skin grafts inside her vagina were so thin that they tore during
intercourse. Also Brown had removed her lower ribs to give a more feminine
waist: she developed an abscess there as big as a basketball. Her nose job
resulted in different sized nostrils, one turned up. Brown felt bad enough that
he phoned to offer a $500 refund. Her mother told him that her son had committed
suicide.

Before the trial, brown pleaded guilty to practicing medicine without a
license, relating to seven sex-change operations.

Carrie and Camille testified for the prosecution. Patrice Baxter was a
witness for the defense. Brown was found guilty in October 1999 and sentenced to
15 years to life in prison, which he mainly served in Soledad
State Prison.

Gregg Furth had met with Dr Robert Smith, a surgeon in Glasgow who had
performed two elective amputations, but was then told to stop by his Hospital
Trust. They wrote a book on the subject of apotemnophilia which came out in
2000.

Brown appealed in 2001, but unsuccessfully, his lawyer arguing that
California was without

Brown in Soledad

jurisdiction to try him, and that the instructions on
implied malice were inadequate.

For Camille, the pain got worse and worse until she died, shortly after
Brown’s conviction.

Still in prison, aged 87, Brown died of health problems including pneumonia
in 2010.

---------------------------------------

John Brown did over 600 mtf
sex-change operations over 25 years. Some of his ex-patients are still delighted
with his work. Many others are not. The motivation to trust your body to him was
the apparent low price, but if you had complications, and returned for repair
work, this lower price quickly disappeared.

Dallas Denny’s “The Tijuana experience” starts with a quote from
Canary Conn. This is unfair. Conn was operated on in Tijuana in 1972 but by Dr
Barbosa (named as Dr Lopez in her book). Brown did not start doing sex-change
surgery until 1973, and did not set up in Tijuana until 1982.

I like Wendy Davidson’s idea of a peer clinic run by trans persons. It would
need to contract with surgeons who were consistently rather than only
intermittently good.

Cutting off someone’s leg and leaving them to die is against the law in
Mexico. In addition Brown was not licensed to practice medicine in Mexico. As
the crime was committed there, they should have had the first shot at
prosecution. For another example of US extraterritorial enforcement see Walter
L. Williams.

The EN.Wikipedia article on Apotemniphilia does not
even mention John Brown.

The Murderpedia article on John Brown says
“Number of victims: 1”. Camille and Christina are known to have died as a result
of Brown’s bad surgey, and there are certainly others not identified.

Nicole Spray put comments on this blog in 2010 hoping to contact other
patients of John Brown. I hope that that worked out well.

There are two doctor characters in fiction who could be taken to be satires
of John Brown – except that they predate his work as a surgeon:

Chuck Whitlock. MediScams: How to Spot and Avoid Health Care Scams,
Medical Frauds, and Quackery from the Local Physician to the Major Health Care
Providers and Drug Manufacturers. Renaissance Books, 2001: chp1; 23-34.

Joanne Meyerowitz. How Sex Changed: A History of Transsexuality in the
United States. Harvard University Press, 2002: 234, 271-2.

19 May 2017

I wrote a shorter version of this
in August 2007. This version goes into more details, about his legal
troubles, his patients etc.

John Brown was born in 1922, the son of a Mormon physician. He grew up in
Arizona and Utah. He was drafted in the Second World War, and, excelling on the
General Classification Test, was sent by the army to medical school. He
graduated from the University
Of Utah School Of Medicine in August 1947. His first wife ran off with his
best friend; his second died of cancer. After twenty years as a general
practitioner, he took a program in plastic surgery at New York’s Columbia-Presbyterian
Hospital, passed the written exam easily, but failed the oral.

From 1966-8 almost all transgender surgery in the US was done in university
gender identity clinics. Georg
Burou’s penile inversion technique that he pioneered in Casablanca was
becoming better known, and in 1968 Stanley
Biber, a doctor-surgeon at the Mount San Rafael hospital in Trinidad, a
mining town in Colorado, who had had extensive surgical experience with the US
Army during the Korean War, started doing vaginoplasties, using diagrams that he
had obtained from Johns Hopkins Hospital based on Dr Burou’s technique.

February 2-4, 1973, saw the Second Interdisciplinary Symposium on Gender
Dysphoria Syndrome sponsored by the Divisions of Urology and Plastic and
Reconstructive Surgery at the Stanford School of Medicine. Its principal
architect and chairman was Donald R. Laub, M.D., Chief
of the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. A highlight was the
presentation of his techniques by Dr Georges Burou; John Brown also made a
presentation, that was well received, doctors at that time not being aware of
the idiosyncrasies of his practice. Vern
Bullough: “the case of John Brown, who Zelda
Suplee, my wife Bonnie, and myself at least halfway encouraged to do
transsexual surgery, a recommendation we quickly regretted”.

John Brown set up business as a doctor-surgeon in San Francisco. His
assistant was James Spence who had a criminal record but no medical training.
Julie approached Brown and Spence about breast implants, and they,
assuring her that she would be a ‘perfect woman’, talked her into a full
operation. This was one of Brown’s first vaginoplasties; he was assisted by
Spence. However unlike Dr Biber, Brown did not have surgical experience and he
did not have operating room privileges. However he did network with trans
activists.

Another trans woman, Wendy Davidson, who was attempting to organize peer
clinics run by transsexuals, also worked with Brown for a while, as did Donna
Colvin. Colvin later reported that he shot up valium before surgery, performed
on kitchen tables and in hotel rooms. Brown also met with Angela
Douglas, who later explained: “‘He wanted to help aid me and came up with
several thousand dollars cash to help publish Mirage Magazine. In
exchange, I promoted him considerably’.

In October Brown’s work was mentioned sarcastically in Herb Caen’s column in the
San Francisco Chronicle. Journalist Paul Ciotti followed up and was
invited to a dinner party where a pitch was made by James Spence to a group of
urologists, proctologists and internists. Spence was hoping to establish what he
projected to be the finest sex-change facility anywhere in the US. Dinner was
served by several transsexuals, who were awaiting surgery. When asked how
candidates would be selected for surgery, Spence replied: “It takes one to know
one. We let other transsexuals make the decision. They can tell best when
someone is a true transsexual — a woman trapped in a man’s body." His surgical
method centered on using the glans penis to form a clitoris, and lining the
vagina with scrotal skin. Ciotti says of Brown: “he came across as genial,
knowledgeable and obviously quite proud of his technique. There was a certain
naiveté (and even passivity) about him that struck me as surprising in a
surgeon”.

However by January 1974 Brown and Spence were at odds.

In 1977 Brown performed vaginoplasty on Angela Douglas who paid around $600.
She described him as one who "fed, housed, paid and helped hundreds, and gave
free or nearly free surgery to at least two hundred of us". Another patient that
year was Nicole Spray.

Later that year, the California Board of Medical Quality Assurance revoked
Brown’s medical license for "gross negligence, incompetence and practicing
unprofessional medicine in a manner which involved moral turpitude". This was
partly based on his practice of doing vaginoplasty on an out-patient basis, not
in a properly equipped surgical theater, and having patients work as medical
assistants as part of their barter for their own surgery. He also misrepresented
transgender surgery on insurance forms as "the congenital absence of a vagina".
Despite this, the judge also filed a memorandum opinion that Brown was a
pioneer making innovative contributions in transsexual surgery: perhaps a better
resolution would be to include Brown in a medically recognized organization,
with others selecting the patients and providing post-operative care.

In 1979 Julie sued, saying that the operation had left her neither
male nor female. She sued for $7 million, but settled out-of-court for
significantly less, but “enough for psychiatric care help for the rest of
Julie’s life and a new operation”. Brown’s lawyer made the offer after
psychiatrist Kathleen Unger testified that the patient would be a mental cripple
for the rest of her life.

Brown worked and successively lost permission to
practice in Hawaii, Alaska and St Lucia. In 1981, in St Lucia, he, then 59,
contracted an arranged marriage to a 17-year-old, who did not speak English. He
taught her the language, and they had two sons.

He then returned to southern California and began an underground practice
operating in Tijuana. Tijuana was already a known destination for transsexual
surgery. The most eminent surgeon was Jose Jesus Barbosa who worked with Harry
Benjamin, and who was the surgeon for Canary
Conn and Lynn
Conway.

Most of Brown’s patients were trans women who could not afford Dr Biber or Dr
Barbosa, or did not meet the requirements re time on hormones, psychiatrist’s
referral etc. One patient at this time was Monique Allen, who had vaginoplasty
at age 22, and came to Brown for enhancements. She would continue with various
other doctors, and eventually had over 200 plastic surgeries.

Patrice Baxter, a cis woman, also had a surgery business in Tijuana. She met
Brown, and became a long-time friend and business partner. She also went to
Brown for a tummy-tuck, a face-lift and breast implants. Several of her friends
and relatives were also operated on: her granddaughter had her ears fixed so
that they did not stick out. Brown used Baxter’s home in Mexico for patient
postoperative care. By this time he was charging $2,500 for a vaginoplasty –
although many of his patients never paid. Baxter was quoted by Ciotti: “"He was
brilliant, but he had no common sense. He would walk through plate-glass doors.
He couldn’t balance his checkbook." Sometimes in the middle of a conversation
he’d just pick up a magazine and begin to read. His bedside manner was no great
shakes, either. "He tended to mumble. He didn’t hold your hand." But so what?
She asks. "He wasn’t a general practitioner," he was a surgeon.

In 1985 a then-19-year-old had surgery that was so successful that her
husband never guessed her past. She later became a manager for an airline. Ann,
a traumatized Cambodian who had fled the Khmer Rouge was also pleased with her
surgery and became a stripper in Las Vegas’ Chinatown.

On the other hand it was estimated that at least 70 of Brown’s transgender
patients ended up with permanent colostomies. UC San Diego plastic-surgery
professor Jack Fisher repaired 15 or so of Brown’s disasters: “"He’s a terrible,
appalling technical surgeon. There’s just no other way to describe it. He
doesn’t know how to make a straight incision. He doesn’t know how to hold a
knife. He has no regard for limiting blood loss."

Brown started offering
penis enlargements – he did this by cutting the suspensor ligament holding the
penis root to the pubic bone. He ran advertisements in The Advocate, and
in 1984 he held a seminar in San Francisco – entrance fee $25 per person. He was
arrested for medical fraud. However it took four years to come to trial.

Meanwhile, in 1986 Penthouse Forum featured this as a cover story "The
Incredible Dick Doctor”. The article portrayed Brown as an inattentive driver
who backed into other cars, and whose trousers fell down in the operating room.
The television news magazine Inside Edition followed up with an investigative story on The Worst Doctor in America. Brown actually co-operated with the film crew.

Brown pleaded no contest to the fraud charges in 1989, was fined $1,000 and
sentenced to four months in jail, but served only 30 days.

In transsexual circles Brown came to be known as 'Butcher Brown', but
patients still came.

After the broadcast of the Inside Edition program,
the San Diego District Attorney’s Office launched an investigation that led to
Brown’s conviction in 1990, and a sentence of three years for practicing
medicine without a license. Several trans woman, ex-patients, showed up to
express support for previous work. His wife, the one from St Lucia, now divorced
him, although they remained on good terms. He served 19 months.

Other Words in Money’s Glossaries:

Man & Woman, Boy & Girl

Gynandromorphy: woman-man-shape. Thus, literally, the term means
having some of the body morphology and measurements of an average woman, and
some of an average man, or being at neither extreme.

Paraphilia/paraphiliac: a psychological condition of being obsessively
responsive to, and dependent on an unusual or unacceptable stimulus in order to
have a state of sexual arousal initiated or maintained.

The Man Who Invented Gender: “Although the Oxford English
Dictionary records the first usage of paraphilia in 1925, it was
largely Money who popularized the term among psychologists. Eventually, the word
replaced perversions in psychiatric literature.“

Love and Love Sickness:

Allosex-avoidancy: a socially dictated constraint on personal
disclosure to members of the other, but not one’s own, sex. It affects both
behaviour (as in locker-room nudity, for example) and communication, as in
sexual joking.

Androgynophilia: erotosexual pairing with a man and a woman serially
or simultaneously by a member of either sex.

Andromimetic: a girl or woman being a person manifesting the features
or qualities of a male in bodily appearance, dress and behaviour. There is no
fixed vernacular synonym except, maybe, a bull dyke, that is a female homosexual
who lives in the role of a man. She may request breast removal, but not genital
surgery, and usually not hormones to masculinize the voice, beard and body hair.

Apotemnophilia: the condition of being dependent on being an amputee,
or fantasying oneself as an amputee, in order to obtain erotic arousal.

(Comment: later, several other sexologists have either discussed or
facilitated apotemnophilia. Russell
Reid referred two such patients to a surgeon; Ray Blanchard and Anne
Lawrence gave papers at the Third International Body Integrity Disorder Meeting
in 2003 comparing apotemnophilia to Gender Identity Disorder; in 1999 Dr John
Brown removed a leg from an apotemnophiliac who subsequently died: Brown was
then imprisoned.)

Gynandromorphy: woman-man-shape. Thus, literally, the term means
having some of the body morphology and measurements of an average woman, and
some of an average man, or being at neither extreme.

Gynecomimetic: a boy or man being a person manifesting the features or
qualities of a female in bodily appearance, dress and behaviour. Specifically, a
drag queen, which is the vernacular term for a male homosexual who lives in the
role of a woman. He retains his male genitals, even though he may take hormones
to grow breasts.

Gynophila – Money’s spelling for gynephilia.

Sexosophy: the body of knowledge that comprises the philosophy,
principles, and knowledge that people have about their own personally
experienced erotic sexuality and that of other people, singly and collectively.

(Comment: as opposed to Sexology, the science of sex).

Other words used by John Money :

Abidance: continuing to remain, be sustained, or survive in the same
condition or circumstances.

Ambisexual -- an alternate term for ‘bisexual’, first cited in the OED
for 1938. Money claimed to have been one of the first to use the term, but later
dismissed it as meaning nothing different from ‘bisexual’.

Autoagonistophilia: pleasure from being viewed while having sex.

(Other writers spell it Autagonistophilia. Presumably the term, or simply
autagonist, could also be used for a kind of exhibitionist drag queen who is not
able to simply transvest, but is insistent on being read; likewise the kind of
transsexual who cannot simply be a woman, but demands that everyone be aware of
her transition. Money does not get into a discussion of this.)

(Comment: there should be a matching term for explaining sexuality and gender
identity purely in terms of family, society, social construction, self
fashioning etc – but what would that be?)

Biophilia – forms of sexual desire that lead to procreation. See also
Normaphilia.

(Comment: the word is also used by Erich Fromm and then Edward O Wilson for
the proposed human tendency to seek connections with other life forms. EN.Wikipedia)

Extraspective – the outward observation of things, the default way to
observe, the opposite to Introspective. Normally this would not need a name, in
that all life forms do it without knowing about introspection. However in
Money’s “gender indentity/role (G_I/R” the two complement each other.

Fuckology – a synonym for sexology. Sometimes spelt with a ‘ph’. In
1996 Money presented a paper to the American Association of Sex Educators,
Counselors and therapists which he titled: “Fuckology: The Science We Lack”.
There is a 2015 anthology of papers: Fuckology: Critical Essays on John
Money’s Diagnostic Concepts.

Homosexology/Heterosexology – a division of sexology by its two major
orientations.

Indicatrons “In recognition of the fact that psychology’s units of raw
data all serve to indicate something or other to the psychologist or
scientist, they can all be categorized as indicatrons.

Katharma. A word to be preferred over ‘freak’. “A person whose social
stigmata need to be cleansed by society so that he may become a rightful member
of the human race.

(Comment: because this word starts with ‘ped’, many will take it as having
something to do with pedophilia.)

Quim and swive: In neither the standard English vocabulary of
literature and science, nor the vernacular vocabulary of uncensored speech, are
there terms by which to distinguish what the woman does to the man, in the
procreative act, from what the man does to the woman.

The two words, from olden English, best fit the need. Either can be noun or
verb.

(Comment: Most online sites that define swive use it for either the male or
the female action. Most sites give quim only as a noun, not as a verb.)

Sexual orientation -- Money pushed for this term rather than ‘sexual
preference’ in that it is less judgemental and that attraction is not
necessarily a matter of free will.

Spookological: “That which is not biological is occult, mystical or,
to coin a term, spookological.”

08 May 2017

John Money coined a lot of words, and took other existing words and made them
his own. Man & Woman, Boy & Girl: Differentiation and Dimorphism of
Gender Identity from Conception to Maturity, 1972 (co-authored by Anke A.
Ehrhardt) and Love and Love Sickness: The Science of Sex, Gender Difference,
and Pair Bonding, 1980 both contain extensive glossaries – 16 pages in the
former, 17 in the latter, but actually do not contain most of his neologisms.
More than that, the glossaries contain both words in general usage and Money’s
coinings. Unfortunately, unlike Jack Molay, Money does not indicate his own
coinings e.g with an *.

On the other hand Terry Goldie’s The Man Who Invented Gender: Engaging the
Ideas of John Money, 2014, had Index entries for most of Money’s neologisms,
and chapter 6 is “The Edge of the Alphabet: Neologisms”.

Goldie writes: “Money loved jargon and creating jargon. He seemed to have no
idea in sexology for which he did not want to find a Latin or Greek word. “
(p148-9)

Money is, of course, most associated with the term gender, so let us start
there.

Gender

Man & Woman, Boy & Girl:

gender identity: the sameness, unity, and persistence of one’s
individuality as male or female (or ambivalent), in greater or lesser degree,
especially as it is experienced in self-awareness and behaviour. Gender identity
is the private experience of gender role, and gender role is the public
expression of gender identity.

gender role: everything that a person says and does, to indicate to
others or to the self the degree in which one is male or female or ambivalent.
It includes but is not restricted to sexual arousal and response. Gender role is
the public expression of gender identity, and gender identity is the private
experience of gender role.

Love and Love Sickness:(8 years later)

gender: one’s personal, social and legal status as male or female or
mixed, on the basis of somatic and behavioural criteria more inclusive than the
genital criterion alone.

gender indentity/role (G_I/R): gender identity is the private
experience of gender role, and gender role is public manifestation of gender
identity. Gender identity is the sameness, unity, and persistence of one’s
individuality as male, female, or ambivalent, in greater or lesser degree,
especially as it is experienced in self-awareness and behaviour. Gender role is
everything that a person says and does to indicate to others or to the self the
degree that one is either male or female, or ambivalent; it includes but is not
restricted to sexual arousal and response.

And 4 years after that:

In 1984, Money presented a paper “The Conceptual Neutering of Gender and the
Criminalization of Sex”.* In it he surveys the changes in the use of the word
during the 30 years since he had introduced it in 1955. ``As originally defined,
gender role consists of both introspective and the extraspective manifestations
of the concept. In general usage, the introspective manifestations soon became
separately known as gender identity. The acronym, G-I/R, being singular,
restores the unity of the concept. Without this unity, gender role has become a
socially transmitted acquisition, divorced from the biology of sex and the
brain.”

He notes that “people adopted the term and gave it their own definition”. The
first change was to separate gender identity and gender role; the second was the
separation of sex from gender as “heralded in the title of Stoller’s book,
Sex and Gender (1968)”. He continues: “Many textbooks … now introduce the
definition of gender by defining sex as a biological entity -- and as what one
is born with. Gender is a social entity, which one acquires after birth, and
gender role is the social casting or ordainment of gender. This is the strategy
by which gender role has been neutered. It has become devoid of any connection
with biology and reproduction. It is defined instead as the product of social
history, with male and female roles having been more or less arbitrarily
assigned on the basis of male superiority and female inferiority.”

Money also includes the rather odd observation:

“The discordancy that exists in the case of transsexualism is so complete
that, in technical jargon, gender identity is sometimes used as an attribute of
only the discordant cases. One effect of this usage has been that some
theoreticians of homosexuality have been entrapped into attributing a male
gender identity to all homosexuals, provided they do not repudiate their
self-declared status as male. The qualifier is then added that the homosexual,
despite a male identity, has a male object choice or sexual preference. This
nomenclature is totally illogical in cases of gynemimetic homosexuals, or drag
queens, who impersonate women in variable degrees on a full-time basis. It is
more straightforward to attribute to homosexuals a gender identity that is
homoerotic, and in its nonerotic components may or may not conform to the
masculine stereotype.”

(Comment: Money’s concept of “gender indentity/role (G_I/R)” makes sense in
terms of the work that he was doing in the mid-1950s with intersex persons with
the same DNA/hormonal conditions who stayed with the gender of rearing,
whichever it was. However once the concept of ‘gender’ was released to the wider
world, other uses were found for the term. This was inevitable, as it would be
for any word that is as useful as ‘gender’. Money is particularly insensitive to
feminist usages of ‘gender’ as a social construction and as a system of
oppression.

With all respect for Money’s role in enabling transgender surgery at Johns
Hopkins, “gender indentity/role (G_I/R” ) renders null the dynamic behind
transsexuality. As it consists of “both introspective and the extraspective
manifestations” of gender such that they reinforce each other, he is talking of
cis gender. In a trans person there is a discrepancy between gender (role) and
gender identity, and the act of transition is to change one’s gender (role) to
align it with one’s gender identity.)

A note on the word ‘transexual”.

‘transexual’ (one S) was coined by David Cauldwell. Harry Benjamin went with
the two-S spelling, but Money retained Cauldwell’s one-S spelling. Article.

Riki
Anne Wilchins and others proclaimed that they spelt the word with one S to
avoid medical implications. I never understood that claim. One-S, two-S -- it
was a choice between Cauldwell-Money on one side and Benjamin on the other. Both
have medical implications. To avoid such one needs to say ‘transsexuality’
rather than ‘transsexualism’.
____________

* “The Conceptual Neutering of Gender and the Criminalization of Sex” was
first given 20 September 1984 as a lecture at the Tenth Annual Meeting of the
International Academy of Sex Research, Cambridge. It was published in The
Archives of Sexual Behavior, 14, 1985: 279-290. It was reprinted as the
penultimate chapter in John Money. Venuses Penuses: Sexology, Sexosophy and
Exigency Theory, 1986.

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About Zagria

I have a social science degree. I spent several years in the 70s doing Gay Lib counselling, and moved on to organizing trans groups. I was rejected by the Clarke Institute (now CAMH) in the mid 1980s, probably because I do not match either of their stereotypes, but was accepted by Russel Reid on our first meeting in late 1987, and had surgery from James Dalrymple some months later. I have mainly worked as an IT consultant. I have been with the same husband for 45 years.