Unprotected People Reports: Chickenpox

Child Dies of Varicella Encephalitis

IAC Express received the following case report via e-mail
from a Canadian physician describing the death of a 3-1/2-year-old boy from varicella
encephalitis. At the time of his death, a vaccine against varicella was not yet available
in Canada.

The physician's e-mail is reprinted as follows:

A 3-1/2-year-old boy developed chicken pox April 5, 1998. His 7-year-old brother had it at
the same time. The younger child had a mild case with relatively few lesions.

Four days before admission the 3-1/2-year old became sleepy and developed a headache. Two
days later he developed increasing lethargy, vomiting, drowsiness and disorientation. He
was taken to our community hospital on April 11. He had a lowered level of consciousness,
responding slightly to pain. The next morning he had shaking movements, probably due to
acute herniation of the brain due to swelling. He became comatose, was transferred to a
major medical center, and pronounced brain dead on April 13. Life support was
discontinued, and he died. The autopsy confirms a diagnosis of varicella encephalitis.

At the time of his illness, varicella vaccine was not available in British Columbia.

A footnote: the mother of this child was devastated by his death. She has refused to
set foot in our hospital again because of the unbearable memories, and plans to deliver
the child she is now carrying in another city.

Dr. Kirsten Emmott
Comox, British Columbia, Canada

1/29/99 • REPORT #12

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