Pork is one of the common ingredients on the table of the common people. In most parts of China, pork is indispensable. So what about the quality and safety of the pork we consume every day? Recently, pig breeding and feed veterinary drug safety experts answered the questions.

China agricultural university professor qiaocheng says, feed and feed additives is the material base of modern pig industry and the key technology, is a pig nutrition supplement, necessary measures, to ensure the quality of the products is also the international popularization of technology, pig breeding in China and the United States, Germany, Denmark, feed usage, breeding pig power technologies such as reproductive cycle, weight of live pigs, meat quality, product safety, and so on and so forth, in line with international standards and import and export trade rules requirements.

The feed additive is used in the feed for a small amount but has a significant effect, including nutritional additives, general additives and drug additives. Traditional single feed can only solve the problem of "satiety" of live pigs, while nutritional additives are mainly feed grade amino acids and vitamins, so as to solve the problem of pig "eat well". By adding a feed additive drugs, can effectively control the hog common and multiple disease, by performing withdrawal period in breeding stage, to the amount of drug residues in pork control within the scope of the harmless to the human body. The addition of general additives such as antioxidant in the feed, most of the additives in the food industry, belongs to the food grade, no matter to the pig growth or the pork quality, no harm.

In addition, the state prohibits the addition of phenobarbital and other sedative hypnotic and anticonvulsive drugs in the feed. It is not necessary to add sleeping pills to make the pigs sleep less and fast, because the animals in captivity are very few and do not need to use sedatives.

Urea, arsenic preparation and copper are substances that are allowed to be added to the feed, but they are subject to restrictive regulations and are not allowed to be used at will. Urea is a kind of high nitrogen fertilizer, if a small amount for ruminants such as cows, there is a role that can be secreted by rumen microbial urease ruminants decomposition, absorbed by synthetic protein to be digested. And the pig has no rumen, the nitrogen in urea is difficult to use, the dosage is too large even can cause pig poisoning death. For the addition of copper, only a moderate amount of copper can be added to the feed to promote the growth of pigs. The specific standard allowed to be added should be no more than 200 grams of copper preparation per 1000 kg of feed. It is often believed that the higher the copper is, the more black it is and the higher the digestibility of feed is, which is wrong. Measure a sign of good or bad is not the color of the slurry will feed, and lies in the feed conversion rate (namely feed weight and the corresponding increase in proportion to the weight after eating pig, namely material weight ratio), and the shape of the feces. In addition, it is often rumored that inorganic arsenic is added to pig feed, and pigs can appear to be ruddy and shiny, which makes common sense mistakes. Organic arsenic, not inorganic arsenic, is added to feed. Organic arsenic plays an important role in improving the utilization rate of feed and enhancing disease resistance. At present, in addition to China, the United States and many other countries also approved it as a feed additive. Organic arsenic is excreted from feces and remains extremely low in organic tissues of pigs. Inorganic arsenic is a highly toxic substance, commonly known as arsenic, which causes pigs to die and is not allowed to be added to feed.

A substance can be additive, must by designated by the competent agricultural department authority under the state council for testing and feeding test, by the animal husbandry experts, according to the results to evaluate the safety assessment through before they can be listed in the catalog of feed additives varieties. Generally speaking, the proportion of feed additives in the feed will not exceed 4%, the proportion is high, the raising cost will inevitably increase, it is not cost-effective for the farmers.

Scientific breeding to solve the problem of pork drug residue.

According to wang lixian, a researcher at the Chinese academy of agricultural sciences, the normal breeding period for pigs is 150 to 180 days. The main reason for the short growth of pig and the short period of breeding is "three good" : good pig, good material, good circle, namely good pig breed, nutrition and safety of feed, improvement of breeding environment. Commercial production in our country mainly turok, beard and large white ternary hybrids, the high-quality breed of pig 160 days market is very normal, better abroad market cycles shorter varieties of pigs. The average production period is about 180 to 200 days.

The feeding amount of feed is different in different stages of fattening before the pig, and the total feeding amount is about 300 kg. If you do not feed the traditional pig feed, such as coarse grain and hogweed, the growth cycle of pigs will increase by at least one month. The development of the modern feed and feed additives application greatly improve the feed conversion rate, reduce the pig breeding in production cost, for the industry to obtain good social and economic benefits, have laid a solid scientific basis. According to the calculation, with the application of modern feed science and technology, China's feed conversion rate is obviously improved, and the technology contribution rate of animal husbandry is over 40%. The conversion rate of pig to feed was increased from 4 to 1 to 3:1. It took a year for a pig to grow, and now it can be put out in six months, which is inseparable from nutritionally balanced feed and aquaculture technology.

At present, the modern pig industry, characterized by large-scale pig breeding, has been developed rapidly, and the concept and management level of pig breeding has been continuously improved. By improving the breeding environment, the implementation of livestock and poultry waste disposal, gradually solve the problem such as major epidemics and antibiotic residues, pig growth cycle gradually shortened, every pig weight is in commonly 100 kilograms.

Carrying out illegal additives monitoring.

The head of China's veterinary drug watchdog says people need to take medicine when they are sick, or to vaccinate against disease. In the same way, animals also need to be vaccinated against disease and need to be treated with drugs. Veterinary drugs refer to substances used for the prevention, treatment, diagnosis of animal diseases or for the purpose of regulating the physiological functions of animals and prescribing their use and dosage. The pigs are exposed to the risk of disease in different degrees of breeding, although by strengthening the management of breeding, improving the conditions of breeding environment can prevent diseases and reduce the incidence of pig population. But due to the external environment for a long time there are some pathogenic microorganisms, once cause disease, the necessary treatment is inevitable, even in the United States, the European Union, such as breeding technology developed country. China is the country with the largest number of pig stocks in the world, and small and medium-sized pig farms still occupy a considerable proportion. There are weak biosafety measures in small and medium-sized pig farms and poor conditions of epidemic prevention. Therefore, in the longer period, the prevention and control of animal diseases is still very high, and the use of veterinary drugs is still one of the main means of pig disease control.

According to the animal epidemic prevention law and the veterinary drug administration regulations, the use of drugs in animal husbandry shall comply with the relevant regulations. One is to use the veterinary drugs approved by the state and conforming to the requirements, and shall not use the banned veterinary drugs or compounds; Second, the use of drugs should not be used, and hormone drugs should not be used in feed or drinking water. Third, veterinary prescription drugs prescribed by practicing veterinary prescription; Fourth, strictly follow the veterinary drugs prescribed in the veterinary drug instructions, use veterinary drugs, and strictly enforce the withdrawal period; Fifth, the farm/household should establish a standardized medication record.

Currently, China has never approved hormone drugs for animal growth, and approved hormone drugs are mainly used to treat breeding and obstetric diseases, which is consistent with eu regulations. So far, only the agriculture department approved terramycin and so on more than 10 kinds of antibiotics can be used as feed additives, and strict rules on the use of animal species, usage, dosage, withdrawal period, etc., with international standard basic provisions content.

It is understood that the ministry of agriculture is responsible for the annual monitoring of the quality and safety of agricultural products in the country, and the illegal additives such as drug residues and clenbuterol may be detected in pork. In 2016, the qualified rate of pork quality safety monitoring in China is 99.5%, and the qualified rate of pork quality safety monitoring is 99.8% in the first three quarters of 2017. It should be said that the overall quality and safety of pork products in China is guaranteed and consumers can safely consume.