The energy density and rate capabilities of Li-ion batteries can be enhanced by ultizing nanostructured electode materials with “newly developed” chemsitries. The proposed program focuses on developing high power and fast charge rate Li-ion batteries based on nanostructured electrodes (cathode and anode). In Phase I, through innovations in the structure and synthesis methodology of nanophase cathode materials, we demonstrated that the retention capacity as well as the rate capability of cathodes can be signifcantly improved. In Phase II, working with a rechargeable Li-ion battery manufacturer, the leading low-temperature electrolyte developer and leading researchers, we will produce nanostructured cathodes with high energy and power density, and excellent cyclability over a wide temperature range. Additionally, prototype Li-ion cells consisting of a nanostructred cathode and anode, and an electrolyte with improved ionic conductivity will be fabricated and characterized for a range of electrochemical properties. The overall goal of the Phase II program is to achieve prototype Li-ion cells that are operational over a wide temperature range and display high power density (>1500 W/kg), fast charge rate capability (> 5C), long cycle life, and high energy density.