1.
Vladimir Lenin
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Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, better known by the alias Lenin, was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as head of government of the Russian Republic from 1917 to 1918, of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 to 1924, under his administration, Russia and then the wider Soviet Union became a one-party socialist state governed by the Russian Communist Party. Ideologically a Marxist, he developed political theories known as Leninism, born to a wealthy middle-class family in Simbirsk, Lenin embraced revolutionary socialist politics following his brothers execution in 1887. Expelled from Kazan Imperial University for participating in protests against the Russian Empires Tsarist regime and he moved to Saint Petersburg in 1893 and became a senior figure in the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. In 1897, he was arrested for sedition and exiled to Shushenskoye for three years, where he married Nadezhda Krupskaya, after his exile, he moved to Western Europe, where he became a prominent party theorist through his publications. In 1903, he took a key role in a RSDLP ideological split, Lenins government was led by the Bolsheviks—now renamed the Communist Party—with some powers initially also held by elected soviets. It redistributed land among the peasantry and nationalised banks and large-scale industry, opponents were suppressed in the Red Terror, a violent campaign orchestrated by the state security services, tens of thousands were killed and others interned in concentration camps. Anti-Bolshevik armies, established by both right and left-wing groups, were defeated in the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1922, responding to wartime devastation, famine, and popular uprisings, in 1921 Lenin promoted economic growth through a mixed economic system. Seeking to promote world revolution, Lenins government created the Communist International, waged the Polish–Soviet War, in increasingly poor health, Lenin expressed opposition to the growing power of his successor, Joseph Stalin, before dying at his Gorki mansion. He became a figurehead behind Marxism-Leninism and thus a prominent influence over the international communist movement. Lenins father, Ilya Nikolayevich Ulyanov, was from a family of serfs, his origins remain unclear, with suggestions being made that he was Russian, Chuvash, Mordvin. Despite this lower-class background he had risen to middle-class status, studying physics and mathematics at Kazan Imperial University before teaching at the Penza Institute for the Nobility, Ilya married Maria Alexandrovna Blank in mid-1863. Well educated and from a prosperous background, she was the daughter of a German–Swedish woman. Soon after their wedding, Ilya obtained a job in Nizhny Novgorod, five years after that, he was promoted to Director of Public Schools for the province, overseeing the foundation of over 450 schools as a part of the governments plans for modernisation. His dedication to education earned him the Order of St. Vladimir, the couple had two children, Anna and Alexander, before Lenin—who would gain the childhood nickname of Volodya—was born in Simbirsk on 10 April 1870, and baptised several days later. They were followed by three children, Olga, Dmitry, and Maria. Two later siblings died in infancy, Ilya was a devout member of the Russian Orthodox Church and baptised his children into it, although Maria – a Lutheran – was largely indifferent to Christianity, a view that influenced her children. Every summer they holidayed at a manor in Kokushkino

2.
Vladimir Shchuko
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After the Russian Revolution of 1917 Shchuko gradually embraced modernist ideas, developing his own version of modernized neoclassicism together with his partner Vladimir Gelfreikh. Shchuko was also a stage designer, author of 43 drama. Born in Tambov in a family, Vladimir Schuko joined Leon Benoiss class of architecture at the Imperial Academy of Arts in 1896. Twice, in 1904 and 1906, the Academy awarded him with state-sponsored study tours of Italy, in 1901 he also travelled to Svalbard, as Nicholas Roerich said in a 1939 eulogy, He deeply understood the Russian Empire style, he loved the Italian eighteenth century. He had naturally fine taste, anything emanating from him was noble in form, the first, at 65, Kamennoostrovsky Prospekt, employing his novel giant order, is still used as a reference in Russian textbooks on architecture. The building, with giant Ionic columns spanning four floors and topped with a fifth, Shchuko decorated a flat wall outside the main portico with loggias interspaced with carved relief, a pattern that became common in 1930s stalinist architecture. 63, puzzled contemporary critics as being monumental yet neither historic nor modern, critics especially praised his stern treatments of windows recessed in a flat wall, another future staple of stalinist architecture. The ramifications of Shchukos neoclassicism appeared in other, less obvious, forms during the retrospective phase of Soviet architecture—indeed. However, unlike his contemporary Ivan Fomin, Shchuko built little in Saint Petersburg and his other notable pre-revolutionary projects, the empire style Russian Pavilions, were built in Rome and Turin for the 1911 International Exhibition of Art and were soon dismantled. In 1913 Shchuko began construction of the neoclassical Municipal Building in Kiev, it was completed during World War I. The building later housed the Communist Party headquarters in Ukraine, the Gestapo, Shchukos first theatrical production was made for the 1907–1908 season of the Old-Time Theatre in Saint Petersburg, followed by another season in 1911–1912. Shchukos early theatrical production departed from the revivalism of Mir iskusstva as the artist settled for exact recreation of the early 19th century romanticism. Later, in 1919-1920s, Shchuko was criticized for Schillerisation of Shakespeare through introducing irrelevant romanticism into medieval settings, World War I and the subsequent Russian Civil War put a hold on nearly all construction projects for a decade, yet the theatre prospered. The architect turned to theatre again, joined the board of Nikolai Evreinovs Prival Komediantov cabaret in 1916, in 1918 Shchuko and Mstislav Dobuzhinsky collaborated with the Theatre of Artistic Drama as stage designers, the company collapsed after producing Tirso de Molinas El Burlador. In February 1919 Shchuko, Dobuzhinsky and Benois moved to the newly opened Bolshoy Drama Theatre, Shchuko landed a full-time job as the chief designer, amazingly appearing at the right time in the right place to create the atmosphere of a grand style theatre. The company, leaning towards classical works, earned cash through lightweight melodramas like Alexey Tolstoys 1925 Conspiring Empress, also designed by Shchuko, Shchuko frequently employed theatre designer Orest Allegri, famous for his inventive handling of perspective illusion. Contemporary critics rate the 1919 Don Carlos as the artists highest mark in theatre, in 1925-1927 Shchuko also designed a series of Der Ring des Nibelungen opera shows and a ballet at Mariinsky Theatre. After relocation to Moscow in the end of the 1920s, Shchuko collaborated with Bolshoi Theatre and Maly Theatre, Vladimir Gelfreikh, Shchukos junior partner in the Soviet period, graduated from the same Academy class of Leon Benois in 1914

3.
Finland Station
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St Petersburg–Finlyandsky, is a railway station in St. Petersburg, Russia, handling transport to northern destinations including Helsinki and Vyborg. The station is most famous for having been the location where Vladimir Lenin returned to Russia from exile in Switzerland on 3 April 1917, Finland Station was built by Finnish State Railways as the eastern terminus of the Riihimäki–Saint Petersburg railway. It was designed by Swedish architects and opened in 1870, the station formerly contained a special pavilion for Russian royalty. Later, ownership of the station was exchanged for Russian property in Finland, the station is famously known for the arrival of Vladimir Lenin by train from Germany on 3 April 1917. The event is commemorated by the Soviet statue of Lenin dominating the square in front of the station and this event is also referred to in the title of Edmund Wilsons book To the Finland Station, a well-known study of revolutionary thought. After the turmoil of the July Days, when workers and soldiers in the capital clashed with government troops, Lenin had to flee to Finland for safety, Lenin secretly returned from Finland disguised as a railway worker and protected by Eino Rahja and Alexander Shotman on 9 August 1917. Both times Lenin crossed the Russian–Finnish border on the engine driven by Finnish engineer Hugo Jalava. The steam locomotive was donated by Finland to the Soviet Union in 1957, during the Siege of Leningrad in 1941–43, the Finland Station was the only Leningrad rail terminus that remained in use. In the 1950s, the old building was demolished and replaced with a new one. The turreted building is decorated with sculptures glorifying the October Revolution, before dawn on Wednesday 1 April 2009 a bomb exploded in the statue of Lenin, creating an 80–100 cm hole in the back of the statue. West End Girls, a 1984 song by The Pet Shop Boys, the songs co-writer, Neil Tennant, has a well-known interest and background in history, particularly that of Russia. This line refers to the route taken by Vladimir Lenin when he was smuggled by the Germans to Russia during the First World War. Edmund Wilsons book To the Finland Station, which Tennant most likely had read, trains from Helsinki arrive at the station, except for a transit train to Moscow through Ladozhsky railway station. The station is also a part of high-speed rail line between Saint Petersburg and Helsinki, the main entrance to the metro station Ploshchad Lenina is in the main building of Finland Station. Suburban commuter trains connect Finlyandsky station with the towns of Sestroretsk, Zelenogorsk, Primorsk, Vyborg, Riihimäki–Saint Petersburg Railway Saint Petersburg–Hiitola railway To the Finland Station Media related to Finlyandsky Rail Terminal at Wikimedia Commons

4.
Saint Petersburg
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Saint Petersburg is Russias second-largest city after Moscow, with five million inhabitants in 2012, and an important Russian port on the Baltic Sea. It is politically incorporated as a federal subject, situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea, it was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on May 271703. In 1914, the name was changed from Saint Petersburg to Petrograd, in 1924 to Leningrad, between 1713 and 1728 and 1732–1918, Saint Petersburg was the capital of imperial Russia. In 1918, the government bodies moved to Moscow. Saint Petersburg is one of the cities of Russia, as well as its cultural capital. The Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments constitute a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Saint Petersburg is home to The Hermitage, one of the largest art museums in the world. A large number of consulates, international corporations, banks. Swedish colonists built Nyenskans, a fortress, at the mouth of the Neva River in 1611, in a then called Ingermanland. A small town called Nyen grew up around it, Peter the Great was interested in seafaring and maritime affairs, and he intended to have Russia gain a seaport in order to be able to trade with other maritime nations. He needed a better seaport than Arkhangelsk, which was on the White Sea to the north, on May 1703121703, during the Great Northern War, Peter the Great captured Nyenskans, and soon replaced the fortress. On May 271703, closer to the estuary 5 km inland from the gulf), on Zayachy Island, he laid down the Peter and Paul Fortress, which became the first brick and stone building of the new city. The city was built by conscripted peasants from all over Russia, tens of thousands of serfs died building the city. Later, the city became the centre of the Saint Petersburg Governorate, Peter moved the capital from Moscow to Saint Petersburg in 1712,9 years before the Treaty of Nystad of 1721 ended the war, he referred to Saint Petersburg as the capital as early as 1704. During its first few years, the city developed around Trinity Square on the bank of the Neva, near the Peter. However, Saint Petersburg soon started to be built out according to a plan, by 1716 the Swiss Italian Domenico Trezzini had elaborated a project whereby the city centre would be located on Vasilyevsky Island and shaped by a rectangular grid of canals. The project was not completed, but is evident in the layout of the streets, in 1716, Peter the Great appointed French Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Le Blond as the chief architect of Saint Petersburg. In 1724 the Academy of Sciences, University and Academic Gymnasium were established in Saint Petersburg by Peter the Great, in 1725, Peter died at the age of fifty-two. His endeavours to modernize Russia had met opposition from the Russian nobility—resulting in several attempts on his life

5.
Soviet Union
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The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. It was nominally a union of national republics, but its government. The Soviet Union had its roots in the October Revolution of 1917 and this established the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and started the Russian Civil War between the revolutionary Reds and the counter-revolutionary Whites. In 1922, the communists were victorious, forming the Soviet Union with the unification of the Russian, Transcaucasian, Ukrainian, following Lenins death in 1924, a collective leadership and a brief power struggle, Joseph Stalin came to power in the mid-1920s. Stalin suppressed all opposition to his rule, committed the state ideology to Marxism–Leninism. As a result, the country underwent a period of rapid industrialization and collectivization which laid the foundation for its victory in World War II and postwar dominance of Eastern Europe. Shortly before World War II, Stalin signed the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact agreeing to non-aggression with Nazi Germany, in June 1941, the Germans invaded the Soviet Union, opening the largest and bloodiest theater of war in history. Soviet war casualties accounted for the highest proportion of the conflict in the effort of acquiring the upper hand over Axis forces at battles such as Stalingrad. Soviet forces eventually captured Berlin in 1945, the territory overtaken by the Red Army became satellite states of the Eastern Bloc. The Cold War emerged by 1947 as the Soviet bloc confronted the Western states that united in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in 1949. Following Stalins death in 1953, a period of political and economic liberalization, known as de-Stalinization and Khrushchevs Thaw, the country developed rapidly, as millions of peasants were moved into industrialized cities. The USSR took a lead in the Space Race with Sputnik 1, the first ever satellite, and Vostok 1. In the 1970s, there was a brief détente of relations with the United States, the war drained economic resources and was matched by an escalation of American military aid to Mujahideen fighters. In the mid-1980s, the last Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, sought to reform and liberalize the economy through his policies of glasnost. The goal was to preserve the Communist Party while reversing the economic stagnation, the Cold War ended during his tenure, and in 1989 Soviet satellite countries in Eastern Europe overthrew their respective communist regimes. This led to the rise of strong nationalist and separatist movements inside the USSR as well, in August 1991, a coup détat was attempted by Communist Party hardliners. It failed, with Russian President Boris Yeltsin playing a role in facing down the coup. On 25 December 1991, Gorbachev resigned and the twelve constituent republics emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union as independent post-Soviet states

6.
Russia
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Russia, also officially the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. The European western part of the country is more populated and urbanised than the eastern. Russias capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a range of environments. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk, the East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, in 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus ultimately disintegrated into a number of states, most of the Rus lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion. The Soviet Union played a role in the Allied victory in World War II. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the worlds first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the second largest economy, largest standing military in the world. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic, the Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russias extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the producers of oil. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction, Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. The name Russia is derived from Rus, a state populated mostly by the East Slavs. However, this name became more prominent in the later history, and the country typically was called by its inhabitants Русская Земля. In order to distinguish this state from other states derived from it, it is denoted as Kievan Rus by modern historiography, an old Latin version of the name Rus was Ruthenia, mostly applied to the western and southern regions of Rus that were adjacent to Catholic Europe. The current name of the country, Россия, comes from the Byzantine Greek designation of the Kievan Rus, the standard way to refer to citizens of Russia is Russians in English and rossiyane in Russian. There are two Russian words which are translated into English as Russians

7.
Fine art
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Historically, the five main fine arts were painting, sculpture, architecture, music and poetry, with performing arts including theatre and dance. Today, the fine arts commonly include additional forms, such as film, photography, video production/editing, design, sequential art, conceptual art, and printmaking. However, in some institutes of learning or in museums, fine art, in that sense, there are conceptual differences between the fine arts and the applied arts. The word fine does not so much denote the quality of the artwork in question and this definition originally excluded the applied or decorative arts, and the products of what were regarded as crafts. According to some writers the concept of a category of fine art is an invention of the early modern period in the West. Larry Shiner in his The Invention of Art, A Cultural History locates the invention in the 18th century, There was a traditional “system of the arts” in the West before the eighteenth century. ”Similar ideas have been expressed by Paul Oskar Kristeller, Pierre Bourdieu, and Terry Eagleton, though the point of invention is often placed earlier, in the Italian Renaissance. The separation of arts and crafts that often exists in Europe, in Japanese aesthetics the activities of everyday life are depicted by integrating not only art with craft but man-made with nature. Traditional Chinese art distinguished within Chinese painting between the mostly landscape painting of scholar gentlemen and the artisans of the schools of court painting. A high status was given to many things that would be seen as craft objects in the West, in particular ceramics, jade carving, weaving. Drawing is a form of expression and is one of the major forms of the visual arts. Common instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax color pencils, crayons, charcoals, chalk, pastels, markers, stylus, There are a number of subcategories of drawing, including cartooning. Mosaics are images formed with pieces of stone or glass. They can be decorative or functional, an artist who designs and makes mosaics is called a mosaic artist or a mosaicist. Printmaking is the process of making artworks by printing, normally on paper, except in the case of monotyping, the process is capable of producing multiples of the same piece, which is called a print. Each print is considered an original, as opposed to a copy, the reasoning behind this is that the print is not a reproduction of another work of art in a different medium — for instance, a painting — but rather an image designed from inception as a print. An individual print is also referred to as an impression, prints are created from a single original surface, known technically as a matrix. But there are other kinds, discussed below. Multiple nearly identical prints can be called an edition, in modern times each print is often signed and numbered forming a limited edition

8.
Arkhip Kuindzhi
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Arkhip Ivanovich Kuindzhi was a landscape painter of Greek descent. Arkhip Kuindzhi was born in January 1842 in Mariupol but spent his youth in the city of Taganrog and his Christian name is a Russian and Ukrainian rendering of the Greek, Ἄρχιππος, and his surname came from his grandfathers vocational nickname meaning goldsmith in Tatar. He grew up in a family, his father was a Greek shoemaker. Arkhip was six years old when he lost his parents, so he was forced to make a living working at a building site, grazing domestic animals. He received the rudiments of an education from a Greek friend of the family who was a teacher and then went to the local school. In 1855, at age 13–14, Kuindzhi visited Feodosia to study art under Ivan Aivazovsky, however, he was engaged merely with mixing paints and instead studied with Adolf Fessler, Aivazovskys student. English art historian John E. Bowlt wrote that the sense of light and form associated with Aivazovskys sunsets, storms. During the five years from 1860 to 1865, Arkhip Kuindzhi worked as a retoucher in the studio of Simeon Isakovich in Taganrog. He tried to open his own studio, but without success. After that Kuindzhi left Taganrog for Saint Petersburg and he studied painting mainly independently and at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. In 1872 the artist left the academy and worked as a freelancer, the painting On the Valaam Island was the first artwork which Pavel Tretyakov acquired for his art gallery. In 1873 Kuindzhi exhibited his painting The Snow which received the medal at the International Art Exhibition in London in 1874. In the middle of the 1870s he created a number of paintings in which the motif was designed for concrete social associations in the spirit of Peredvizhniki. In his mature period Kuindzhy aspired to capture the most expressive illuminative aspect of the natural condition and he applied composite receptions, creating panoramic views. Using light effects and intense colors shown in main tones, he depicted the illusion of illumination and his later works are remarkable for their decorative effects of color building. Kuindzhi lectured at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, among his students were artists such as Arkady Rylov, Nicholas Roerich, Konstantin Bogaevsky, and others. Kuindzhi initiated creation of the Society of Artists, manin Arkhip Ivanovich Kuinji, Leningrad,1990, ISBN 5-7370-0098-2 Arkhip Ivanovich Kuindzhi Kuindzhi - Artist of Light

9.
Mikhail Avilov
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Mostly known for his battle paintings. Mikhail Ivanovich Avilov was born September 6,1882 in Saint Petersburg, in 1893-1903 he studied in the Drawing School of the Imperial Society for the Encouragement of the Arts, then in private studio of artist Leon Dmitriev-Kavkazsky. In 1904-1910 Avilov studied in Imperial Academy of Arts, pupil of Franz Roubaud, since 1908 he begins to participate in art exhibitions. Mikhail Avilov fought in the First World War, after the October Revolution of 1917 Avilov taught at the School of Drawing Society for the Encouragement of Arts in Petrograd, then in the College of Industrial Art and in the Academy of Arts. Since 1923 Avilov was exhibitor of AKhRR, in 1932 he was one of the faunders of the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists. In 1943 Avilov was awarded the Stalin Prize of the first degree for his battle painting «Duel Peresvet with Chelubey at the Kulikovo Field», also he was awarded of Order of the Red Banner of Labour. In 1953 Avilov was awarded the title the Peoples Artist of the Russian Federation. He was a Member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR, Mikhail Ivanovich Avilov died on April 14,1954 at the seventy second years of life. He was buried in Alexander Nevsky Lavra in Leningrad and his paintings reside in Russian museum, Tretyakov gallery, in Art museums and private collections in Russia, Ukraine, Japan, China, France, England, and other countries. Vsevolod Bazhenov Mikhail Kaneev Tatiana Kopnina Boris Lavrenko Alexander Pushnin Galina Smirnova Mikhail Tkachev, fine Art of Leningrad Leningrad School of Painting List of 20th-century Russian painters List of painters of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists Saint Petersburg Union of Artists Бродский В. P.12,13,19,356, 361-363,367,370,371, chronology of the Leningrad School of painting

10.
Arkady Rylov
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Arkady Alexandrovich Rylov was a Russian and Soviet Symbolist painter. Rylov was born in the village of Istobensk, in the Vyatka Governorate of the Russian Empire and he was brought into the family of his stepfather, a notary. He moved to Saint Petersburg and studied at the Technical Design School of Baron Schtiglitz, Rylov was a member of the Mir iskusstva movement and its spin-off Union of Russian Artists, and also a member of the Association of Artists of the Revolutionary Russia. He was a chairman of the Kuindzhi Society and he started as a historical painter but became a predominately landscape painter, though many of his paintings have some allusions with Russian history. Many of his landscapes painted after the October Revolution were seen as symbols of revolutionary freedom, at that time he also painted some typical Socialist Realism compositions like Lenin in Razliv. He taught in the Academy of Arts, in his studio he created what could almost be described as a small nature reserve, with squirrels, rabbits, a monkey named Manka, many wild birds and two anthills. According to Mikhail Nesterov wild animals and birds loved Rylov and often came to his studio, fine Art of Leningrad Rylov at Virtual Museum Canada Rylov at Staratel art gallery Biography

11.
AKhRR
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The Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia, later known as Association of Artists of the Revolution was a group of artists in the Soviet Union in 1922-1933. Diverse members of the group gained favor as the bearers of the Communist ideas into the world of art. The group formed within the Peredvizhniki movement, that held their last, 47th, public exhibition in 1922 and their first public statement as a new entity was a 1922 exhibition in Moscow, all proceeds were used for the relief of Russian famine of 1921. By 1928, the group sponsored 10 nationwide exhibitions with high publicity, in a decade, it grew up from 80 to over 300 members. Broad membership and dominance of mature artists born in the 1870s and 1880s helped in establishing AKhRR as a reliable institution, during the crackdown on independent art movements in 1932-1933, AKhRR served as the nucleus for the stalinist USSR Union of Artists, and was liquidated after its formation. Other groups in Soviet art of 1920s, Four Arts movement OST Valentina Knyazeva, I. M. Gronskiy, V. N. Perelman

12.
Abram Arkhipov
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Abram Efimovich Arkhipov was a Russian realist artist, who was a member of the art collective The Wanderers as well as the Union of Russian Artists. In 1883, Archipov went to study at the Imperial Academy of Arts at Saint Petersburg, Arkhipov was accepted into the art collective, The Wanderers in 1889, and joined the Union of Russian Artists in 1903. Themes that occur within his artwork include the lives of Russian women, Arkhipov also painted several paintings of peasant women in rural Russia, depicting them in vibrant traditional dresses and national costumes. Like others in the Union of Russian Artists, Arkhipov also painted regularly en plein air, travelling and painting scenes from the North of Russia and the White Sea coast. Arkhipov also taught at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture where he was originally a student, Arkhipov joined the Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia in 1924, and in 1927 was awarded the title of Peoples Artist of the USSR. Arkhipov died in Moscow in 1930

13.
Isaak Brodsky
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Isaak Izrailevich Brodsky was a Soviet painter whose work provided a blueprint for the art movement of socialist realism. He is known for his portrayals of Lenin and idealized, carefully crafted paintings dedicated to the events of the Russian Civil War. Brodsky was born in the village of Sofiyevka in Ukraine and he studied at Odessa Art Academy and the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg. In 1916 he joined the Jewish Society for the Encouragement of the Arts, when Brodsky asked Lenin to autograph his painting Lenin, he said, I am signing to what I dont agree with for the first time. Brodsky was on terms with many leading Russian painters, including his mentor. He was an art collector who donated numerous first-class paintings to museums in his native Ukraine. His superb art collection included important works by Repin, Vasily Surikov, Valentin Serov, Isaak Levitan, Mikhail Vrubel, after his death Brodskys apartment on Arts Square in St. Petersburg was declared a national museum. His art collection is still on exhibit there, Brodsky was an Honoured Artist of the Russian SFSR and a member of the Union of Russian Artists. He was the first painter to be awarded the Order of Lenin, in 1934 he was appointed Director of the All-Russian Academy of Arts. He died in Leningrad in 1939, fine Art of Leningrad Sergei V. Ivanov. Saint Petersburg, NP - Print,2007, media related to Isaak Brodsky at Wikimedia Commons

14.
Aleksandr Gerasimov (painter)
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Alexander Mikhaylovich Gerasimov was a leading proponent of Socialist Realism in the visual arts, and painted Joseph Stalin and other Soviet leaders. Gerasimov was born on 12 August 1881 in Kozlov in Tambov Governorate and he studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture from 1903 to 1915. There he championed traditional realistic representational art against the avant-garde, during World War I and the Russian Civil War he served in the army. Subsequently he returned to his hometown to become a designer, helping to present plays glorifying the Revolution. In 1925, Gerasimov returned to Moscow and set up a studio and he favored a style known as heroic realism, which featured images of Revolutionary leaders such as Vladimir Lenin as larger-than-life heroes. However, as Stalin tightened his grip on the country, Gerasimovs work descended into pompous official portraits, such as Stalin and Voroshilov in the Kremlin, for which he won a Stalin Prize in 1941. Even at the end of his career, he continued to follow a moody, almost Impressionistic treatment of landscapes, Public artist USSR A. M. GERASIMOV Public artist USSR A. M. GERASIMOV Museum-Estate

15.
Alexander Lubimov
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Alexander Mikhailovich Lubimov was born February 25,1879, in the village of Paltsevo, Kursk Province, Russian Empire. The artists father was a nobleman, his mother was born of peasants, since 1892, he lived in Saint Petersburg. In 1895-1901 Alexander Lubimov studied in Central School of Technical Drawing, since 1901 Alexander Lubimov worked as an extern at the Higher School of Arts at the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts in the studio of Ilya Repin, later of Pavel Chistyakov. Since 1900, Alexander Lubimov has participated in Art Exhibitions and he painted portraits, genre paintings, landscapes, sketches from the life. Alexander Lubimov worked as painter, graphic artist, illustrator, and his personal exhibitions were in 1949 in Leningrad, and in 1998 in Saint Petersburg. In 1927, Alexander Lubimov returned to Leningrad and he was professor of painting since 1939. His students were well-known Russian painters Alexander Laktionov, Yuri Neprintsev, Alexander Gritzay, Piotr Belousov, Nikolai Timkov, Mikhail Kozell, Alexei Mozhaev, in 1949–1955 years Alexander Lubimov taught in the Higher School of Art and Industry named after Vera Mukhina as professor of painting. Alexander Lubimov was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists since 1932, Alexander Mikhailovich Lubimov died in Leningrad in 1955. Paintings by Alexander Lubimov are in State Russian Museum, State Tretyakov Gallery, in Art museums and private collections in the Russia, France, the U. S. Italy, England, and others. Fine Art of Leningrad Leningrad School of Painting Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists dedicated to the 40th Anniversary of the liberation of Leningrad from the enemy blockade. Dictionary of 20th Century Russian and Soviet Painters 1900-1980s, - Moscow, Artist and Book Edition,2001. - Saint Petersburg, Petropol Publishing House,2009, - Saint Petersburg, NP-Print Edition,2007. – pp.9,15,18,20,24,27,29,31,42,90,364, 389-401, 403-406, Artist Alexander Mikhailovich Lubimov illustrated Art catalogue. Chronology of the Leningrad School of painting, Alexander Lubimov on VIDEO Portrait in painting of 1920-1990s

16.
Lev Russov
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Lev Alexandrovich Russov was a Soviet Russian painter, graphic artist, and sculptor, living and working in Leningrad. A member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, he was regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, being most famous for his portraits. Lev Alexandrovich Russov was born January 31,1926, in Leningrad, in 1939-1941 he studied at the Art studio of the Wyborg district of Leningrad. In December 1941, along with his mother he was evacuated from the siege of Leningrad in the Gorky region, in 1943, for continuing art education he moved to Kostroma city, where goes to the regional art school. In 1945, in connection with the return to Leningrad Russov was transferred to Tavricheskaya Art School, after graduation Russov entered the first course of Painting Department of Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture namen after Ilya Repin, studied of Yuri Neprintsev and Genrikh Pavlovsky. However, having studied for two years for health reasons had to leave class, in 1951–1955 Russov taught drawing in the secondary schools of Leningrad, while continuing to worked on his painting skills. Since the mid-1950s, Russov participates in exhibitions of Leningrad artists, at the Spring exhibitions of 1954 and 1955, Russov shows paintings A Girl with a Bow, At the Sea and Portrait of Artist Vladimir Kremer, immediately attracting attention as talented painter. In 1955, for his paintings, Lev Russov was admitted to the Leningrad Union of Artists on the recommendation of renowned artists Piotr Buchkin, Yuri Neprintsev. He painted portraits, genre and historical paintings, still lifes, landscapes, worked in watercolors, in the years 1954-1956 Lev Russov was drawn to the historical genre, creating a series of eight paintings on the novel by Charles de Costers The Legend of Thyl Ulenspiegel. Choosing a theme and its figurative embodiment echoed the mood of the Khrushchev Thaw and these works, and above all the double portrait of Till and Lamme, are also interesting in that the artist gave Thill features a close resemblance to the author. This makes it unique in the legacy of the artist as self-portraits of Lev Russov are unknown. As a child he lost one eye and did not like to be photographed, year of 1955 was awarded to Lev Russov meet peoples, which had a major influence on his subsequent artistic and personal life. At first he met with Catherine Balebina, daughter of Vasily Balebin, the military pilot and torpedo-bomber. Soon she became his wife, the mother of his son, charming, lively and full of determination, she posed for Leo Russov as a model for many paintings and portraits. For many years, their partnership created and preserved a world which manifested itself in full force, in the same year was born longstanding friendship between Lev Russov and Yevgeny Mravinsky, thanks which we have a few perfect portraits of eminent conductor, created in 1950-1980s. With the greatest strength pictorial talent Lev Russov revealed in a series of portraits of contemporaries, the works of this period are in the time of the Lev Russov highest artistic peak as painter and constitute the most valuable part of his diverse artistic heritage. They are distinguished by an extraordinary expressive images, daring compositional decisions, the color palette is dominated by pearl and purple hues. Creative manner of the artist featured a powerful language, a broad style of painting, sharp composition

17.
Engels Kozlov
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Engels Vasilievich Kozlov was born March 24,1926 in Troitsko-Pechorsk, Komi Republic, USSR. In 1947–1949 Engels Kozlov studied in the Yaroslavl Art College, then in Tavricheskaya Art School in Leningrad, in 1950, Engels Kozlov comes to the first year painting department of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after Ilya Repin. Studied at Vitaly Valtsev, Ivan Stepashkin, in 1956 Engels Kozlov graduated from Ilya Repin Institute in Yuri Neprintsev workshop, graduation picture – He will live. Engels Kozlov has participated in Art Exhibitions since 1956 and he painted portraits, genre pictures, landscapes, and still lifes. His painting based on the light and shadow contrasts. The color is saturated, with a predominance of the combinations of blue-green. Significant place in the works of Engels Kozlov took issue industrial development of the Russian North. A lot of sketch from the life imported from numerous trips to the oil workers of Ukhta, Inta miners, first of all, the paintings Black Gold, Drillers at Colva, Pechora oil workers. Engels Kozlov was a delegate II, III, IV, and V All-Russian Congresses of Soviet Artists and he was repeatedly elected a member of the Board of the Leningrad branch of the Union of Artists of Russian Federation. Engels Kozlov was a Member of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists since 1956, in 1978, Engels Kozlov was awarded the honorary title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR, in 1987 – Peoples Artist of the Russian Federation. Also he was awarded the title of Peoples Artist of Komi Republic. Engels Kozlov personal Exhibitions were in Leningrad, Moscow, Siktivkar, Engels Vasilievich Kozlov died on November 20,2007 in Saint Petersburg at the eighty-first year of life. His paintings reside in State Russian Museum, in Art museums and private collections in the Russia, Japan, in the U. S. Germane, England, France, – Paris, Drouot Richelieu,18 Fevrier,1991. Dictionary of 20th Century Russian and Soviet Painters 1900-1980s, – Woodbridge, England, Antique Collectors Club,2001. – pp.148,152,273,274, – Syktivkar, Komi Republic National Art Gallery,2006. –40 p. Sergei V. Ivanov, the Leningrad School. - Saint Petersburg, NP-Print Edition,2007. – pp.9,20,24,357, 388–401, biography and Artworks Paintings of Engels Kozlov on site Unknown Socialist Realism. Quests and Discoveries Paintings of Engels Kozlov on VIDEO Portrait in Painting of 1920-1990s, part 3 Paintings of Engels Kozlov on VIDEO Still life in Painting of 1950-1990s

18.
People's Artist of the USSR
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Peoples Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to citizens of the Soviet Union. The term is used to translate two Russian language titles, Народный артист СССР, awarded in performing arts and Народный художник СССР. Each Soviet Republic, as well as the Autonomous Republics, had an award held previously by virtually every receiver of the higher title of Peoples Artist of the USSR. As this title was granted by the government, honorees were afforded certain privileges, accordingly, artists and authors who expressed criticism of the Communist Party were seldom granted such recognition, if not outright censored. The title was bestowed for exceptional achievements in the arts in the Soviet Union. Its recipients included many of the composers, dancers, singers, film. In all, there were 1010 recipients of the award, the title was introduced in 1936, replacing the earlier title of Peoples Artist of the Republic. The first recipients of the title were Konstantin Stanislavski, Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, Ivan Moskvin, Antonina Nezhdanova, Boris Shchukin, Kulyash Baiseitova, the last persons to be honoured with the title were Sofia Pilyavskaya and Oleg Yankovsky. Originally, the title was bestowed on theatre actors, ballet dancers, gradually, it came to be bestowed upon film actors, composers, violinist, pop singers, comedians, and even circus performers such as Natalya Durova and Oleg Popov. Normally, a person was named the Peoples Artist of the USSR after 40 years of age, the youngest female persons to receive this title were Kazakh opera singers Kulyash Baiseitova and Halima Nasyrova. The youngest men were Uzbek singer Batir Zakirov, followed by the Azerbaijani baritone operatic, among the actors, the youngest recipient was Sergey Bondarchuk. The youngest actress to receive the title was Yuri Andropovs daughter-in-law, Lyudmila Chursina, as of 2009, the earliest living recipient is Turkmen opera singer Maya Kuliyeva. The title of Peoples Painter of the Soviet Union was awarded for achievements in certain visual arts, painting, sculpture, drawing. The lesser title of Meritorious Painter of the Soviet Union was also awarded for achievement in these fields

19.
1874 in art
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Events from the year 1874 in art. August 22 – English illustrator Helen Paterson marries Irish poet and editor William Allingham, december 19 – Monet begins painting his Snow at Argenteuil series. December 22 – Berthe Morisot, who has exhibited at the first Impressionist exhibition, marries Eugène, brother of Édouard Manet, goyas Black Paintings are transferred to canvas

20.
Viktor Vasnetsov
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Viktor Mikhaylovich Vasnetsov was a Russian artist who specialized in mythological and historical subjects. He is considered the co-founder of Russian folklorist and romantic nationalistic painting, Viktor Vasnetsov was born in the remote village of Lopyal in Vyatka Governorate in 1848, the second of the six children. His father Mikhail Vasilievich Vasnetsov, known to be inclined, was a member of priesthood. His grandfather was an icon painter, two of Mikhail Vasnetsovs three sons, Viktor and Apollinary, became remarkable painters, the third one becoming a schoolteacher. It was in Lopyal that Viktor started to paint, mostly landscapes and scenes of village life, recalling his childhood in a letter to Vladimir Stasov, Vasnetsov remarked that he had lived with peasant children and liked them not as a narodnik but as a friend. From the age of ten, Viktor studied in a seminary in Vyatka, during his seminary years, he worked for a local icon shopkeeper. He also helped an exiled Polish artist, Michał Elwiro Andriolli, having graduated from the seminary, Viktor decided to move to Saint Petersburg to study art. He auctioned his paintings of Woman Harvester and Milk-maid in order to raise money required for the trip to the Russian capital, in August 1867 Viktor entered the Imperial Academy of Arts. Three years later, the Peredvizhniki movement of realist painters rebelled against the Academism, Vasnetsov befriended their leader Ivan Kramskoi, referring to him as his teacher. He also became close to his fellow student Ilya Yefimovich Repin. It is ironic, but Viktor, whose name is associated with historical and mythological paintings, for his graphic composition of Christ and Pontius Pilate Before the People, the Academy awarded a small silver medal to him. In the early 1870s he executed a lot of engravings depicting contemporary life, two of them won him a bronze medal at the World Fair in London. At that period he started producing genre paintings in oil. Such pieces as Peasant Singers and Moving House were warmly welcomed by democratic circles of Russian society, in 1876 Repin invited Vasnetsov to join the Peredvizhniki colony in Paris. While living in France, Viktor studied classical and contemporary paintings, at that period, he painted Acrobats, produced prints, and exhibited some of his works at the Salon. It was in Paris that he became fascinated with fairy-tale subjects, starting to work on Ivan Tsarevich Riding a Grey Wolf, Vasnetsov was a model for Sadko in Repins celebrated painting Sadko in the Underwater Kingdom. In 1877 he returned to Moscow and these works were not appreciated at the time they appeared. Many radical critics dismissed them as undermining the realist principles of the Peredvizhniki, even such prominent connoisseurs as Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov refused to buy them

21.
1848 in art
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Events from the year 1848 in art. April 10 – John Ruskin marries Effie Gray in Scotland, september – John Everett Millais, William Holman Hunt and Dante Gabriel Rossetti found the pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood in the formers family home in Gower Street. December 10 – The Leipzig Art Association opens the Städtische Museum, in Cambridge, England, the Fitzwilliam Museums Founders Building is opened. In Copenhagen, Denmark, the Thorvaldsen Museum of sculpture is opened

22.
Fyodor Schechtel
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Fyodor Osipovich Schechtel was a Russian architect, graphic artist and stage designer, the most influential and prolific master of Russian Art Nouveau and late Russian Revival. Baptised as Franz Albert Schechtel, he created most of his work as Franz Schechtel, in two decades of independent practice he completed five theaters, five churches,39 private residences, Yaroslavsky Rail Terminal and various other buildings, primarily in Moscow. Most of his legacy survives to date, Franz Schechtel was born to a family of ethnic German engineers in Saint Petersburg, the second of five children. His parents were Volga Germans of Saratov and his mother, born Daria Karlovna Zhegin, came from a family of Saratov merchants. Schechtels uncle on his fathers side, also named Franz Schechtel, was a businessman in Saratov. He is credited with building the first theater in Saratov, see also a photocopy of the Schechtel family tree. The Schechtel family relocated to Saratov in 1865 to assist the ailing Franz Sr. in business, both brothers, Franz Sr. and Osip, died in 1867. Business debts ruined their families, forcing Daria Karlovna to seek free boarding schools for the children, she relocated to Moscow, Franz attended a free Roman Catholic seminary in Saratov, graduating in 1875. However, he received his high school only in 1880. In 1875 Schechtel arrived in Moscow and attended classes at the Moscow School of Painting. He was expelled in 1878 for bad attendance, 19-year-old Franz made his living by assisting architect Alexander Kaminsky, in painting icons, church frescoes and daily illustrations for newspapers and magazines. There he met author and playwright Anton Chekhov and his brother Nikolay Chekhov, Schechtel illustrated a book for Chekhov in 1886, who then recommended Schechtel to other clients. This experience familiarized Franz with Moscows artistic circles and the patrons of the arts who would become his future clients. Throughout the 1880s, Schechtel completed many theatrical stage designs, most of his graphics from this period have been lost, Schechtel obtained a construction management license in 1894. His earlier projects, completed under Kaminskys management, are credited to Kaminsky alone. Schechtels first own, undisputed building - Zinaida Morozova House in Spiridonovka Street,1893, famous for Mikhail Vrubel artwork - is a mix of Gothic architecture, in the same year he completed the interior of the Kharitonenko Mansion on Sofiiskaya Naberezhnaya. His style during the 1890s meanders between Gothic and Russian Revival, the first sign of a new, mature style, appears in his 1899 Arshinov House in Malaya Ordynka Street. Schechtels turn to Art Nouveau is associated with the 1900 Levenson Printshop in Trekhprudny Lane, in Patriarshy Ponds, Patriarshy Ponds is still home to many of Schechtels works, including two of his own residences from 1896 and 1910

23.
1859 in art
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Events from the year 1859 in art. March 22 – Scottish National Gallery opens to the public in Edinburgh in neoclassical premises designed by W. H. Playfair, april 26 – William Morris marries his model, Jane Burden. Edward Burne-Jones presents them with a self-painted wardrobe, frederic E. Churchs The Heart of the Andes is exhibited in New York and draws 12,000 paying visitors. The Artists Rifles set up in London as a unit of the British Army

24.
Saint Petersburg Union of Artists
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Union of Artists of Saint Petersburg was established on August 2,1932, as a creative union of the Leningrad artists and arts critics. Prior to 1959, it was called Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, from 1959, it was called as Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation. After the renaming of the city in 1991, it known as the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists. Union of Artists of Saint Petersburg comprises 11 creative sections, there are sections, painting, drawing, sculpture, ceramics, arts and crafts, theater and cinema, monumental art, poster, critics and art history, photography, restoration. As of January 1,2010, the Union included 3,500 members, Directory of members of the Union of Artists of USSR. Directory of members of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, — Санкт-Петербург, Гуманитарное агентство Академический проект,1995. Dictionary of 20th Century Russian and Soviet Painters 1900-1980s, the Leningrad School. - Saint Petersburg, NP-Print Edition,2007. Anniversary Directory graduates of Saint Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture, - Saint Petersburg, Pervotsvet Publishing House,2007. Historical Outline Chronology of the Leningrad School of Painting Portrait Painting of 1920-1990s, part 1 Portrait in Painting of 1920-1990s. Part 2 Portrait in Painting of 1920-1990s, part 3 Children in Painting of 1950-1980s. Part 1 Children and Youth in Painting of 1950-1980s, part 2 The City of Leningrad and his citizens in paintings of 1930-1990s. Part 1 The City of Leningrad and his citizens in paintings of 1930-1990s, part 2 Still life in Painting of 1930-1990s. Part 1 Still life in Painting of 1930-1990s, part 2 Still life in Painting of 1930-1990s. Part 3 Crimea in paintings od 1950-1990s, the Leningrad School Spring Motives in Painting of 1950-1990s. The Leningrad School Artist Vladimir Ovchinnikov, masterpieces of landscape paintings Artist Gevork Kotiantz. Paintings of 1950-1970s Artist Sergei Ivanovich Osipov, masterpieces of paintings Artist Nikolai Timkov. Masterpieces of landscape paintings Artist Nikolai Romanov, landscape paintings of 1990-2010s Artist Alexander Mikhailovich Semionov Artist Nikolai Galakhov. Landscape paintings of 1960-1990s Artist Nikolai Pozdneev Artist Lev Russov, part 2 Artist Eugenia Petrovna Antipova Artist Victor Teterin

25.
Russian culture
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Russian culture has a long history. The country also has a material culture and a tradition in technology. Russian culture grew from that of the East Slavs, with their pagan beliefs, early Russian culture was much influenced by neighbouring Finno-Ugric tribes and by the nomadic peoples of the Pontic steppe. In the late 1st millennium AD the Varangians, also part in the forming of Russian identity. Orthodox Christian missionaries began arriving from the Eastern Roman Empire in the 9th century and this largely defined the Russian culture of the next millennium as the synthesis of Slavic and Byzantine cultures. After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, Russia remained the largest Orthodox nation in the world, at different points in its history, the country was also strongly influenced by the culture of Western Europe. Since the reforms of Peter the Great, for two centuries Russian culture largely developed in the context of European culture rather than pursuing its own unique ways. Nowadays, Russian cultural heritage is ranked seventh in the Nation Brands Index, based on interviews of some 20,000 people mainly from Western countries, Russias 160 ethnic groups speak some 100 languages. According to the 2002 census,142.6 million people speak Russian, followed by Tatar with 5.3 million, Russian is the only official state language, but the Constitution gives the individual republics the right to make their native language co-official next to Russian. Despite its wide dispersal, the Russian language is homogeneous throughout Russia, Russian is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia and the most widely spoken Slavic language. Russian belongs to the Indo-European language family and is one of the members of the East Slavic languages. Written examples of Old East Slavic are attested from the 10th century onwards, over a quarter of the worlds scientific literature is published in Russian. Russian is also applied as a means of coding and storage of universal knowledge—60-70% of all information is published in the English. The language is one of the six languages of the United Nations. New Russian folklore takes its roots in the beliefs of ancient Slavs which is nowadays still represented in the Russian fairy tales. Epic Russian bylinas are also an important part of Slavic mythology, the oldest bylinas of Kievan cycle were actually recorded mostly in the Russian North, especially in Karelia, where most of the Finnish national epic Kalevala was recorded as well. Many Russian fairy tales and bylinas were adapted for films, or for feature movies by famous directors like Aleksandr Ptushko. Folklorists today consider the 1920s the Soviet Unions golden age of folklore, there were two primary trends of folklore study during the decade, the formalist and Finnish schools

26.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker

27.
Semion Abugov
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In 1900 he graduated from the Odessa Drawing School. Then studied in Saint Petersburg at the Imperial Academy of Arts from Dmitry Kardovsky, in 1908 he graduated from Academy of Arts with the title of the artist of painting. His graduate work was a picture named «Motherhood», semion Abugov participated in Art Exhibitions since 1908. He painted mainly portraits and landscapes, in 1918 Abugov participated in the design of Petrograd to the first anniversary of the October Revolution. He was professor of painting since 1939, semion Abugov died on May 3,1950 at the seventy third years of life. He was buried in a Transfiguration Jewish cemetery in Leningrad, P.13,15,356,359,360,362,365, 367-370,372, 379-381. Chronology of the Leningrad School of painting

28.
Taisia Afonina
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Afonina was born May 13,1913 in the city Nikolaev, in the Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire, in the family of master Shipyard Navel. In 1931 Taisia Afonina graduated from school in city Taganrog. In 1932-1936 she engaged first in the classes for working youth. In 1941 after the beginning the Great Patriotic war Taisia Afonina together with son and mother evacuated first in city Ostashkov, then in Vyshny Volochyok, then in city Lugansk. In 1943, after the liberation of the German fascists Lugansk, Taisia Afonina involved in rebuilding the city and they fought against the Nazi in the occupied city Krasnodon, and them feat become known the whole country. I talked to their mothers and girlfriends, I wanted to tell, to write about all this, of all their short heroic life″. In 1946 Afonina graduated from the Repin Institute of Arts in Igor Grabar personal Art Studio of monumental painting and her graduate work was a historical painting named Girls of Donbass, dedicated to the memory and heroism members of Anti-Fascist underground. After graduation Afonina continues to work in Lugansk and returned to Leningrad in 1952 only and it Lugansk Museum named Kliment Voroshilov acquired as early as 1943 the first three paintings by Taisia Afonina, The Germans came, Stealing in Germany, and Meeting. Later her paintings purchased Art museums of Leningrad, Kostroma, Krasnodon, Staraya Ladoga and her first participation in the Art exhibition was in 1940. Since the beginning of 1950s she was involved in art exhibitions of Leningrad artists. She painted landscapes, still lifes, portraits, and genre compositions and she worked in oil painting and watercolors and was most famous as a master of landscape and still-life painting. In 1946 Taisia Afonina was admitted to the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, in the first years after graduation Taisia Afonin attracts military subjects and pathos revival. Later in 1950-60 she more work in genre of portrait and lyrical landscape, in the 1950s she visited Ukraine, Carpathians, Meshchersky locations, where she painted a lot of studies from the life. For her works typical method of painting, the interest to transfer effect of lights and plain air. Grebenuk, Portrait of an entomologist S. Keleynikova, Portrait of a Korean woman Tamara, Portrait of writer Nikolai Tikhonov, Taisia Kirillovna Afonina died on April 19,1994, in Saint Petersburg at the eightieth year of life. Her paintings reside in Art museums and private collections in Russia, Finland, USA, Germane, England, France, Осенняя выставка произведений ленинградских художников1958 года. Выставка произведений ленинградских художников1960 года, Выставка произведений ленинградских художников1960 года. Выставка произведений ленинградских художников1961 года, Каталог весенней выставки произведений ленинградских художников1965 года

29.
Piotr Alberti
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Piotr Filipovich Alberti was a Soviet, Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting. Piotr Filipovich Alberti was born November 25,1913 in Astrakhan city, Russian Empire, in 1927 he enrolled in Astrakhan Art School, where he studied with renowned artist and art educator Pavel Vlasov, students who were Boris Kustodiev and Ivan Goryushkin-Sorokopudov. In 1932 Alberti graduated from Astrakhan Art School and left to Leningrad where he entered the course at the Russian Academy for Fine Arts. In 1938 he married the artist Valentina Belova, in 1941, Alberti volunteered for the Red Army. From October 30,1941 to May 9,1945, as a soldier in Reserve Infantry Regiment 267 of the Leningrad Front, he participated in Battles at Leningrad. In 1944, he was injured, was treated in the Leningrad military evacuation hospital №991. He was awarded the medals For Courage, For Defense of Leningrad, in 1945, after demobilization, Alberti returned to work in LenIZO. For the first time he took part in Art exhibition in 1938, since 1951 Alberti was a permanent exhibitor of the Leningrad Art exhibitions, where he showed his work among with works by the leading masters of fine arts of Leningrad. He painted portraits, landscapes, genre scenes, still lifes, in 1957, Alberti was admitted to the Union of Leningrad artists. In 1958 he married a second time on A. Sharanovich, in 1960–1970, Alberti some times worked in House of creativity «Staraya Ladoga», visited North Caucasus and House of creativity on the Senezh Lake. In the years of 1970–1980 he participated in exhibitions of contemporary Soviet Art in Japan in the Gikosso gallery, in 1989–1992 his works were exhibited at the exhibitions and auctions of Russian paintings LÉcole de Leningrad and others in France, Belgium, United Kingdom. His painting style was distinguished by a painting, vivid colors. Alberti often uses impasto style of blending paints and intricate texture of canvas and this is especially true of his later still lifes with fruits and flowers. Alberti attached great importance to the painting from the life, while working on the genre composition, he painted numerous nature studies, many of which have independent artistic value. In the 1950s – early 1960s his leading genre was the portrait, later Alberti often turned to genre composition and landscape painting. Since the late 1970s, Alberti was particularly keen on working in the genre of still life and he made a varied sets, but most often it was his favorite peonies, juicy watermelon, an easel with brushes and paints. Among the works of this period were Still Life, Still Life with Melon, Peonies and Cherries on a tray, Peonies, Piotr Filipovich Alberti died on October 7,1994 in Saint Petersburg in the eighty-first year of life. His paintings reside in art museums and private collections in Russia, Finland, in the U. S. Japan, Germane, England, Belgium, France, Выставка произведений ленинградских художников1951 года

30.
Nathan Altman
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Nathan Isaevich Altman was a Jewish, Russian and Soviet avant-garde artist, Cubist painter, stage designer and book illustrator. He was born in Vinnytsia, in the Podolia Governorate of the Russian Empire to a family of Jewish merchants, from 1902 to 1907, he studied painting and sculpture at the Art College in Odessa. In 1906, he had his first exhibition in Odessa, in 1910, he went to Paris, where he stayed for one year. He studied at the Free Russian Academy in Paris, working in the studio of Wladimir Baranoff-Rossine, and had contact with Marc Chagall, Alexander Archipenko, in 1910, he became a member of the group Soyuz Molodyozhi. In 1912, Altman moved to Saint Petersburg and his famous Portrait of Anna Akhmatova, conceived in Cubist style, was painted in 1914. From 1915 to 1917, Nathan Altman was the teacher at Mikhail Bernsteins private art school, after 1916 he started to work as a stage designer. In 1918, he was the member of the Board for Artistic Matters within the Department of Fine Arts of the Peoples Commissariat of Enlightenment together with Malevich, Baranoff-Rossine and Shevchenko. In the same year he had an exhibition with the group Jewish Society for the Furthering of the Arts in Moscow, together with Wladimir Baranoff-Rossine, El Lissitzky and the others. In this same year, he installed a work of architectural sculpture in Palace Square to commemorate the 1st anniversary of the October Revolution. The canvas was cut up and used for soldiers foot bindings. In 1920, he became a member of the Institute for Artistic Culture, together with Kasimir Malevich, Vladimir Tatlin, in the same year, he participated in the exhibition From Impressionism to Cubism in the Museum of Painterly Culture in Petrograd. In 1921, he moved to Moscow, from 1921 to 1922 he was director of the Museum of Painterly Culture in Petrograd. From 1920 to 1928, he worked on designs for the Habimah Theatre. In 1923 a volume of his Jewish graphic art, Evrejskaja grafika Natana Altmana and his first solo exhibition in Leningrad was in 1926. Altman moved to Paris in 1928, in 1936, he returned to Leningrad. He worked mainly for the theatre, as a book illustrator, Nathan Altman died in Leningrad aged 81. Oil on canvas mounted on cardboard, the Russian Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia. The Russian Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia, the Russian Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia Portrait of a Young Jew

31.
Vladislav Anisovich
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Mostly known for his portrait paintings. Vladislav Leopoldovich Anisovich was born June 7,1908 in industrial city of Lugansk, in 1927-1928 He studied at the Kharkov Art Institute, then came to Moscow to continue his education in VKHUTEIN. After the closure of VKHUTEIN, Anisovich transferred to the Institute of Proletarian Fine Arts in Leningrad, in 1931 he graduated from the Institute as an artist of monumental painting. After graduation Anisovich continued his studies at the Institute and received a degree in art history for his historic picture named «The Workers Uprising in Germany». In 1935 he began to participate in art exhibitions and he painted portraits, genre and historical composition and landscapes. In 1932 he was one of the founders of the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, from 1933 to 1969 he taught at the Repin Institute of Arts. Vladislav Leopoldovich Anisovich died on August 30,1969 at sixty-two and his paintings are held in The State Russian Museum, and in galleries, museums and private collections in Russia, Ukraine, Japan, Germane, France, and other countries. Выставка произведений ленинградских художников1951 года, Выставка произведений ленинградских художников, посвященная 60-летию Великого Октября. Выставка произведений художников — ветеранов Великой Отечественной войны, a Dictionary of Twentieth Century Russian And Soviet Painters. P.15,19,359,367,370,383,389, Юбилейный Справочник выпускников Санкт-Петербургского академического института живописи, скульптуры и архитектуры имени И. Chronology of the Leningrad School of painting

32.
Evgenia Antipova
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Evgenia Petrovna Antipova was born October 19,1917 in Toropets town, Tver Governorate. Her father was an office worker. Since 1928 she lived with her parents in Samara on the Volga River, there she began to get busy in an artistic studio under the direction of Pavel Krasnov. From 1935, Antipova lived in Leningrad, in 1936–1939 she studied in the Leningrad Secondary Art School at the All-Russian Academy of Arts. Her teachers were Leonid Ovsyannikov, Alexander Zaytsev, Leonid Sholokhov, Alexander Debler, in 1939 Antipova at first participated in the All-Union Youth Artistic Exhibition in Moscow, presenting the sketch of work «Valery Chkalov among young people». It was printed in a called the «Young Artist» for 1939. The start of Operation Barbarossa found Antipova on summer practice in the West Ukraine, with the last echelons she reached Leningrad. On July 28,1941 Antipova made a match for Jacov Lukash, called up to serve in the Red Army, he perished at the front in May 1942. Up to the beginning of 1942, Antipova remained in blockaded Leningrad, in February 1942, she was evacuated to Novosibirsk, where she lived and worked up to the end of the war. In 1945 she returned to Leningrad and in 1950 graduated from the Repin Institute of Arts in Boris Iogansons personal art studio and her graduate work was a painting named «Andrey Zhdanov visits the Palace of Young Pioneers in Leningrad». In 1950–1956 Antipova taught painting and composition in Tavricheskaya Art School in Leningrad, since 1950 she participated in art exhibitions. In 1953 she was accepted in the members of Leningrad Union of Artists, Antipova painted genre and decorative compositions, portraits, landscapes, still life paintings, worked in oils and watercolours. Among her favorite themes and motives were an apple orchard. They give an idea of range of possibilities and direction of creative searches of artist, Antipova gravitated to expression of her individual attitude in themes, not applying on the exhaustive scope of the phenomenas of the life. In 1960th Antipova tries itself in the series of portraits, most considerable it is been «A Girl from Pereslavl» and «Waitress». From the end of 1960th leading genres in creation of Antipova were still life in an interior and exterior, the prevailing style of painting is distinguished by several conventional drawing and composition, the interest for the transmission of color and light and air. Among the most known works of this period «City courtyard in Gavan», «Sonth Still life», «Grape Arbor», «Romantic landscape», nasturtiums», «Olives-trees», «Tulips on a window», «Pine-trees», «On the Vasilievskiy island», «Still life in the garden. Her best works of this genre – «A Midday», «Still Life, flowering willow, Calla lilies, Daffodils» – are seen as images of the perfect world in which man finds harmony with nature and in his soul

35.
Nikolai Baskakov
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Nikolai Nikolaevich Baskakov was born May 8,1918 in a village seven kilometers from the Astrakhan city on the Volga River. His father, Nikolai Evlampievich Baskakov was a carpenter, his mother Evdokiya Vasilievna was a housewife raising children their children- nine sons, in 1933–1939 Baskakov studied under the famous Russian art educator Pavel Alekseevich Vlasov in the Astrakhan School of Art. In 1939 he was drafted into the Red Army, having served in the Far East and his graduation work had been the historical painting Lenin and Stalin in Smolny. Since 1951, Baskakov had been a permanent exhibitor of the Leningrad Art exhibitions and he painted historical paintings and war-depicting works, genre scenes, portraits, landscapes and made sketches of every-day life. Baskakov worked in the technique of oil painting, notable among these are the paintings, which dates back to the dramatic events of wartime. Baskakov creates images filled with domestic drama, among them paintings Music, During the war, On the Russian land, A Victory, Conversation with son. In 1956 Baskakov created the painting Lenin in the Gorki, where Lenin was depicted sitting in a chair on a day in the garden. The authors approach is seen in genre painting Lenin in the Kremlin. Later Baskakov created the paintings Lenin on vacation and On New Years celebration in Gorky, Baskakov gained fame also as a portraitist. For the art of Nikolai Baskakov typical appeal to the themes of large public sound and to the image of a contemporary and he was most known for his impressive portraits of contemporaries painted in realistic style. The West discovered the art of Nicholas Baskakov in 1989, when his portraits, subsequently many of his works were acquired by American private collections. In 1991 Saint Petersburg publishing house Khudozhnik RSFSR issued a monograph by V. Kirillov, Nikolai Baskakov was elected a full member of Peters Academy of Sciences and Arts. In 1989-1992 his paintings were exhibited in France on auctions of Russian paintings LÉcole de Leningrad, Nikolai Nikolaevich Baskakov died on October 14,1993, in Saint Petersburg at the seventy-six year of life. His paintings reside in State Russian Museum, in Art museums and private collections in the Russia, Japan, in the U. S. Germane, England, France, Весенняя выставка произведений ленинградских художников1954 года. Осенняя выставка произведений ленинградских художников1956 года, Всесоюзная художественная выставка, посвящённая 40-летию Великой Октябрьской социалистической революции. Осенняя выставка произведений ленинградских художников1958 года, Над чем работают ленинградские художники // Художник. Выставка произведений ленинградских художников1960 года, Выставка произведений ленинградских художников1960 года. Выставка произведений ленинградских художников1961 года, Осенняя выставка произведений ленинградских художников1962 года

37.
Evgenia Baykova
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Evgenia Vasilievna Baykova was a Russian Soviet realist painter and graphic artist, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg. She was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists, Evgenia Vasilievna Baykova was born November 22,1907 in Saint-Petersburg, Russian Empire. In 1934 Evgenia Baykova entered at the Department of Painting of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, there she studied under noted art educators Boris Fogel, Mikhail Bernshtein, Semion Abugov, Pavel Naumov, and Genrikh Pavlovsky. Her graduated work was the genre painting The first news of the transfer of land to the peasants, since 1940, Eugenia Baykova has participated in art exhibitions. She painted genre scenes, portraits, still lifes, and landscapes and her personal exhibition was in Leningrad in 1983. Evgenia Baykova was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists since 1944, Eugenia Vasilievna Baykova died in Saint Petersburg in 1997. Paintings by Evgenia Baykova reside in art museums and private collections in the Russia, Italy, France, in the U. S. England, and others. P.9,15,26,28,315,356, 387-389,392,397,398,402,403,405,406,413,414,416, artist Evgenia Vasilievna Baykova illustrated Art catalogue. Artist Evgenia Vasilievna Baykova Biography and Bibliography, chronology of the Leningrad School of painting

38.
Vsevolod Bazhenov
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Vsevolod Andreevich Bazhenov was a Soviet, Russian painter who lived and worked in Leningrad. Vsevolod Andreevich Bazhenov was born February 18,1909 in the town Serdobsk and his father was an artist and taught in a real school. He became the first teacher of Vsevolod, later he studied in Serdobsk art studio of artists A. Gofert and N. Kuzmin. Besides drawing and painting, Bazhenov was a music lover and his mother Evgenia Nikovaevna was a pianist. Bazhenov graduated high school in 1928 and moved to Leningrad, between the years of 1928-1930 he studied at the Tavricheskaya Art School, where he was a student of Mikhail Avilov, David Kiplyck, and Vladimir Fedorovich. In 1930 Bazhenov left the college courses and arrived at the surveyors. According to some sources, the reason for his leaving was a financial situation or the reorganization of the department of painting. After leaving the course, Bazhenov worked in exploration, first as a surveyor, then as a superintendent, during expeditions, he painted many sketches of life in the Ural Region, Armenia, Khibiny, Karelia, the Caucasus and Kurdistan. From 1934 to 1941, Bazhenov worked at the Leningrad mapping factory, in 1940 he married Catherine Andreyevna Kuznetsova. His eldest son Alexander was born June 24,1941, after the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, Bazhenov and his family were sent to Sverdlovsk city for specialty. In December 1942 he was drafted into the Red Army with the rank of lieutenant-technique as a senior cartographer, Bazhenov was discharged at the end of 1945, and awarded the Medal For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945. In late 1945 Bazhenov returned to Leningrad, from the autumn of 1946 he worked as painter for hire in LenIzo. In 1946, his middle son Vladimir was born, followed in 1952 by his youngest Andrew, Bazhenov is first referred to in art exhibitions dating from 1937. His plaintings included landscapes, genre scenes, seascapes, still lifes, works in oil, in the 1950s, Bazhenov made some long trips around the country to gather materials for paintings, including East and West Siberia, Altai Province and the Ural Region. As a result of trips, Bazhenov was considered a leading master of nature studies in Leningrad. In 1951, Bazhenov was admitted to the Leningrad Union of Artists, during the course of the voyage, which took him through eleven seas and oceans, and lasted more than three months, Bazhenov created nearly two hundred sketches, paintings and drawings. His nature sketches and direct impressions of the led to larger works. After his return in 1963, about 120 works from this series of sketches and paintings were first exhibited in Leningrad, and following that, in other cities

39.
Yuri Belov
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Yuri Vladimirovich Belov is a Russian Soviet realist painter, who lives and works in Saint Petersburg. Yuri Vladimirovich Belov was born May 27,1929 in Leningrad in a family of doctors, in 1941–1949 years Yuri Belov studied at the Leningrad Secondary Art School under the All-Russian Academy of Arts. His graduation work was genre painting A Worker-Innovator, since 1954 Yuri Belov has participated in Art Exhibitions. He painted portraits, still lifes, landscapes, genre scenes, Yuri Belov most famous for his historical paintings devoted to image of Lenin, the history of Bolshevism and Revolution movement in Russia. His personal exhibitions were in Leningrad, Moscow, Pskov, Lvov, Novgorod, Saint Petersburg, Yuri Belov is a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists since 1960. Paintings by Yuri Vladimirovich Belov reside in Art Museums and private collections in Russia, France, Japan, in the U. S. volume 1. - Moscow, Soviet artist,1979. - Saint Petersburg, NP-Print Edition,2007, – p.14,174,340,357,390, 392-398, 404-406, 414-419,422,423. Anniversary Directory graduates of Saint Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture, - Saint Petersburg, Pervotsvet Publishing House,2007. Biography and Artworks Yuri Belov at the «Unknown Socialist Realism, chronology of the Leningrad School of painting

40.
Piotr Belousov
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He was regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, being most famous for his portraits and historical paintings. Piotr Petrovich Belousov was born May 3,1912 in the port city Berdyansk, located on the northern coast of the Sea of Azov, of south-east Ukraine, in 1929, Piotr Belousov met with Brodsky and by his invitation comes to Leningrad to continue his study. He engaged in drawing and painting under Brodsky leadership, as well as in the studio AKhRs, in 1933, Piotr Belousov entered the first course of the painting department of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. He studied under Mikhail Bernshtein, Pavel Naumov, Alexander Lubimov and his graduation work was the historical painting of On the eve of October Revolution. Since 1930 Belousov has participated in Art Exhibitions and he painted genre and historical paintings, portraits, landscapes, worked in easel painting and drawings. Most famous for his portraits and historical paintings devoted to the image of Lenin, the history of Bolshevism and his personal exhibitions were in the city of Vologda in 1959, and in Moscow in 1982. Since 1940 Piotr Belousov had been a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, in 1939–1989, Belousov taught painting and drawing in the Repin Institute of Arts. He was Professor and Head of Department of Drawing since 1956, in 1970 He was awarded the Honorary titles of the Honored Artist of the RSFSR, in 1978 - the Honorary titles of the Peoples Artist of the Russian Federation. Also, Belousov was elected as the Corresponding Member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR, Piotr Petrovich Belousov died in Leningrad in 1989. Paintings by Piotr Belousov reside in State Russian Museum, State Tretyakov Gallery, in Art Museums and private collections in Russia, Ukraine, England, France, the U. S. and throughout the world. Leningrad School of Painting List of Russian artists List of 20th-century Russian painters List of painters of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists Saint Petersburg Union of Artists S. Ivensky, – London, Roy Miles Gallery,1989. – Paris, Drouot Richelieu,15 Mai 1991, – Paris, Drouot Richelieu,25 Janvier 1993. Dictionary of 20th Century Russian and Soviet Painters 1900-1980s, – Woodbridge, England, Antique Collectors Club,2001. – Saint Petersburg, NP-Print Edition,2007. – p.9,13,15,19,26,28, 357–359, 363–365,369,382,384,386, 388–393,396, 399–401, 403–405,407,411, 413–415, part 1 Piotr Belousov at the «Unknown Socialist Realism. Chronology of the Leningrad School of painting

41.
Dmitry Belyaev (artist)
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Dmitry Vasilievich Belyaev was born on 18 November 1921 in the village Bortnoe, Rybnovskij district of the Ryazan province,18 kilometres from Ryazan city. In 1929, after the death of his mother he moved to Moscow together with his father and other children, in Moscow he initially studied in a childrens art studio, then at the Moscow Art School of the Memory of Revolution of 1905. From the last course of the Moscow Art School he was drafted into the Red Army, a Member of the Great Patriotic War, he fought in the Southwestern Front and 2nd Ukrainian Front as a tankman. He has wounded, marked by military awards, in 1952 Belyaev graduated from the Department of Painting of the Repin Institute of Arts, where he studied of Boris Ioganson, Genrikh Pavlovsky, Alexander Zaytsev, Semion Abugov. His graduate work was a picture entitled For Peace. Since 1952 Belyaev begins to participate in art exhibitions and he paintind portraits, genre and historical composition, landscapes, still lifes. In 1952 he was admitted to the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, in 1970-1980s Belyaev was a head of creative groups of artists in the House of creativity «Staraya Ladoga» in Staraya Ladoga. In 1998 he was awarded the title of the Honored Artist of the Russian Federation. In 2004 Dmitry Belyaev was awarded the Prize of the St. Petersburg government in the field of literature, art, in 2005 he became a laureate of State Prize of Repin. He was a member of Peters Academy of Arts and Sciences. Dmitry Vasilievich Belyaev died in Saint Petersburg on September 25,2007 at the age of eighty six. His paintings reside in Russian museum, in Art museums and private collections in Russia, Finland, in the U. S. Japan, Germane, France, Ярче и глубже показывать новое, передовое. Заметки о весенней выставке работ ленинградских художников // Вечерний Ленинград,1954,12 июня, Знать жизнь, показывать правду жизни // Ленинградский альманах. Черты нового в жанровой картине наших дней // Искусство, Новые работы советских пейзажистов // Искусство. Выставка произведений ленинградских художников1960 года, Выставка произведений ленинградских художников1961 года. Третья республиканская художественная выставка «Советская Россия», — М, Министерство культуры РСФСР,1967. В простом, казалось бы, мотиве … // Вечерний Ленинград,1971,5 января, directory of Members of the Union of Artists of USSR. Зональная выставка произведений ленинградских художников1975 года, Зональная выставка произведений ленинградских художников1980 года

42.
Mikhail Bernshtein
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Mikhail Davidovich Bernshtein was born January 28,1875 in Rostov-on-Don. He studied painting and drawing in London, Munich, Paris, in 1901-1903 Bernshtein studied at the Imperial Academy of Arts, where he was a student of Ilya Repin. Since 1902 Mikhail Bernshtein begins to participate in art exhibitions, in 1907-1916 he taught in Saint Petersburg, where he hold private art school. He was married to artist Catherine Turova, in 1916-1924 he taught at art school in Zhitomir, in 1924-1932 at the Art Institute in Kiev. In 1932-1948 Bernshtein taught drawing in the Repin Institute of Arts in Leningrad and he wrote several articles and tutorials on drawing, as well as the book «Problems of teaching drawing». In 1948-1950 he taught also in Vera Mukhina Institute of Industrial Art, in 1930-1940 Mikhail Bernshtein made a great contribution to the system of Soviet Art education and artistic training of highly qualified young artists. During the Great Patriotic War his son Sandro went to the front as soldier and was missing, Leningrad School of Painting List of 20th-century Russian painters List of painters of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists Saint Petersburg Union of Artists Бернштейн М. C.45,47,49,50,67,87,151,154,287, P.13,19, 356-358,360,361,365,367,368,370,371,373. Chronology of the Leningrad School of painting

43.
Zlata Bizova
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Zlata Nikolaevna Bizova is a Russian Soviet realist painter and graphic artist, who lives and works in Saint Petersburg. She is a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists and is regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, Zlata Nikolaevna Bizova was born on 29 March 1927 in Leningrad. Her graduation work was genre painting The first days of the organization of the collective farm, since 1957 Zlata Bizova has participated in Art Exhibitions. She painted genre scenes, landscapes, portraits, still-life, etudes done from nature, Zlata Bizova is a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists since 1960. Paintings by Zlata Bizova reside in Art Museums and private collections in the Russia, France, Germane, Belgium, in the U. S. Italy, Japan, Norway, Korea, chronology of the Leningrad School of painting