Theif..elsestatement is a two way branch: it means do one thing or
the other. When it is executed, the condition is evaluated and if it has the value `true' (i.e. not zero) then statement1 is executed. If the condition is `false' (or zero) then
statement2 is executed. Theif..elseconstruction often saves an unnecessary test from having to be
made.

if (condition)

{

statements

}

else

{

statements

}

Example:

/*-------------------------------------------------------*/

/* To find whether a given year is leap or not */

/*-------------------------------------------------------*/

main()

{

int y,r1,r2;

printf(“Enter a year”);

scanf(“%d”,&y);

r1=y%4;

if (r1 = = 0)

{

r2=y%100;

if(r2 = = 0)

printf(“The given year is not a leap year”);

else

printf(“The given year is a leap year”);

}

else

printf(“The given year is not a leap year”);

}

Logical Operators:

Comparisons are often made in pairs or even in groups and linked together with words like OR and AND. The following are the logical operators in
C: