Bizarre Animals

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Transcript of Bizarre Animals

By Suzanne Bullard and Brandi TongBizarre Animals From Down BeneathIt is the largest land-living arthropod in the world, and is probably at the upper size limit of terrestrial animals with exoskeletonsMost live on the ocean floor and are commonly known as sea squirts and sea porkThere is no clear explanation for the evolution of complete ventral transparency, but here's what they know so far:Complete transparency has evolved multiple independent times. This suggests that a translucent underbelly provides some evolutionary advantage. Most frogs are not transparent because this would expose organs to the harmful effects of sunlight and heatGiant Coconut CrabGlass FrogDeep Sea TunicatesBarreleye Fishaye ayeFrilled SharkStar-nosed MoleSources"5 Picturesque Infernos: Fumaroles From Around The Globe." 5 Picturesque Infernos: Fumaroles From Around The Globe. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com/animals/news-%E2%80%93-incredibly-vibrant-colours-tunicates-or-deep-sea-squirts>.

"This Otherworldly Amphibian Has a Completely Transparent Underbelly." Io9. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http://io9.com/5942612/meet-the-glassfrog-an-otherworldly-amphibian-with-a-completely-transparent-underbelly>.Leafy Seadragon•Is also called Glauert's Seadragon•It’s in the same marine family as the seahorse•Found in Southern/western parts of Australia•Leafy-like protrusions serve only to camouflage•Other protection includes curling up and showing its spine to scare off predators•You won’t see on the surface of the ocean unless they’ve died and washed ashore (they do not have anything to secure them during a storm) •They stay around 164 feet below the ocean, and they have a strong sense of direction- they can wonder for miles, but they always return back to their original habitats. •a pectoral fin on the neck and a dorsal fin on the back towards to the tail end, control its movement•fins are transparent and not visible to the unaided eye•it moves slowly as a camouflage technique, meant to disguise itself as seaweed•Female produces 250 eggs, which the male cares for. The eggs are bright pink and only about 5% of the eggs survive. •Often used as alternative medicine•Endangered (Pollution, divers) but are now protected by laws. •Tried to breed in captivity, but have has not success. (Not enough research to mimic habitat, most in captivity die)Leafy SeaDragonMantis Shrimp•Also know as Stomatopoda•Grow 12 inches•Found in various shades, such as neon colors•Often mistaken to roam in groups•Most are aggressive and burrow alone in rocks•Live in Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean•Classified by the claw (Spearers- Stab prey, Smashers- smash prey)•Has amazing eye sight (can perceive both polarized light and hyperspectral color vision•Eyes move about independently and are said to be the most complex eyes in the animal kingdom•Sense they are easy prey, it can help them identify coral and other types of predators•Breed 20-30 times in a lifespan•Remains with same partner for 20 years•In Japan the Mantis Shrimp is used as a sushi topping or raw (sashimi)•When picked up they shoot water so they are also known as the pissing shrimpMantisShrimpDumbo Octopus•Grimpoteuthis•Big ear like fins•Live 9800-13000 feet under water•Rarest of its species (Octopoda)•Can flush the transparent layer of their skin at will•Largest recorded is 6 ft., but most are much smaller•Hover above sea floor to prey on crustaceans•Swallows its prey whole•Live on Ocean floor•Move by pulsing arms, waving ears, and shooting water through their funnel•Females consistently lay eggs, there is no breeding season•37 species of•Found in every Ocean•Semi-gelatin skin helpsBlob Fish•Psychrolutes species•Don’t need muscle•Feeds by sitting and waiting on food to swim within mouth range•Flesh consistency like jelly, Jell-O, flabby, gushy (lighter than water)•Allows them to not expend energy or oxygen•Expels little to no energy at all times; it’s skin allows it to move freely, without using any muscle or energy •Also allows them to not sink to ocean floor•Live 2000-3900 Ft. below the ocean•Most fish have a gas-filled swim baldder, but where the pressure is 80 times higher than at surface level, any gas would be too compressed. Their flesh is used as the alternative.•Discovered by and is also facing extinction because of bottom trawling•As lazy as it looks. •found along Australian coast•Sits on its eggs until they hatchBlobfishDumboOctopus"Leafy Seadragon." The Marine Emblem of South Australia. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http://www.premcab.sa.gov.au/emblems/dragon1.htm>."The Vanishing Dragon - By Carly Maple." Underwater Australasia. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Nov. 2012. <http://underwater.com.au/article.php/id/6631>."Aquarium of the Pacific." Aquarium of the Pacific. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2012. <http://www.aquariumofpacific.org/onlinelearningcenter/full_description/leafy_seadragon/%2520>."No. 10 - Blobfish." The Science Channel. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Nov. 2012. <http://science.discovery.com/top-ten/2009/sea-creatures/sea-creatures-10.html>."13 of the Ugliest Animals on the Planet." Mother Nature Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Nov. 2012. <http://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/animals/photos/13-of-the-ugliest-animals-on-the-planet/blobfish>."Fish Index: Blobfish (Psychrolutes Marcidus)." Fish Index: Blobfish (Psychrolutes Marcidus). N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2012. <http://fishindex.blogspot.com/2009/02/blobfish-psychrolutes-marcidus.html>.WorksCitedSea PigZebra FrogTo feed, they constantly filter out bacteria and phytoplankton by passing a continuous stream of water through their body. The larger of the two openings is the mouth, or incurrent aperture, and the smaller is the excurrent aperture. The water stream is kept moving by the action of tiny cilia (hairs) that line the inside of the tunicate's body. Waste products are also expelled through the excurrent aperture.Tunicate blood is particularly interesting. It contains high concentrations of the transition metal vanadium and associated protiens as well as higher than usual levels of lithium.Most tunicates are hermaphrodites. They keep their eggs inside their bodies until they hatch, while sperm is released into the water where it fertilizes other individuals when brought in with incoming waterThey are common in all marine habitats, attaching themselves to virtually any fixed object on a coral reef.in transparent glassfrogs, key organs like the liver and digestive tract are covered by a thin layer of light-reflecting organelles called iridiphores. These iridescent cellular subunits provide a layer of protection from heat and sunlight, a feature that gives glassfrogs the ability to optimize their internal homeostasis by simply moving around, covering each organ at a time, as opposed to the entire body cavity.Glass frogs are important because they are a bioindicator. A bioindicator is a species that provides clues about the health of the environment where it lives. By watching the glass frogs, scientists can learn what impact global warming has on these forests and the amazing species that inhabit them.The species is popularly associated with the coconut, and has been widely reported to climb trees to pick coconuts, which it then opens to eat the flesh. The crab can slice open a coconut with one pinch.They use a special organ called a branchiostegal lung to breathe.They have a well developed sense of smell. The process of smelling works very differently depending on whether the smelled molecules are hydrophilic molecules in water or hydrophobic molecules in air.Coconut crabs cannot swim, and will drown if emersed in water for more than an hour.