CQ Webcasts

Several Opinions of the State Council on Accelerating the Urban-Rural Reform and Development of Chongqing

The people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, all ministries and commissions of and departments directly under the State Council,

As the only municipality directly under the central government in the central and western regions of China and the state pilot zone for overall urban-rural reform, Chongqing municipality plays an important strategic role in promoting coordinated regional development and reform and opening up. Since its upgrading as a municipality directly under the central government, Chongqing has resolutely implemented decisions and deployment of the central government, trying its efforts to fulfill the Western Development Strategy. Thus its economic and social development has scored substantial achievements and the city is ready for a new historical start. Since Chongqing integrates large cities, vast rural areas, large reservoir area as well as mountainous and ethnic minority areas as one, the urban-rural dual structure shows many contradictions, revitalization of old industrial bases is arduous and there is a long way to go to achieve balanced urban-rural development. Under the new situation, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council has raised higher requirements on the reform and development of Chongqing, giving it new missions.

We shall accelerate urban-rural reform and development of Chongqing since it can help promote in-depth implementation of the western development strategy, provide a model for urban-rural reform in other areas of China, help construct of a new and open pattern for interactive development of coastal and inland regions and ensure safe ecological environment along the Yangtze River Valley. Facing the current financial crisis, we shall, in particular, give priority to maintaining stable and relatively rapid economic growth, explore ways of long-term development while trying to resolve current difficulties, constantly enhance vitality of development and make more efforts to settle such important livelihood issues as employment, social security, education opportunity, health care, housing, resettlement of migrants from the Three Gorges area as well as poverty alleviation so as to effectively maintain social stability. Holding a strategic and overall viewpoint, we shall fully understand the significance of accelerating reform and opening up and economic and social development of Chongqing, thus to make efforts to promote reform and development of the city to a new stage. In the end, the following proposals are put forward.

1. General requirements on promoting urban-rural reform and development of Chongqing

(1). Guiding theory

We will hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, thoroughly apply the scientific outlook on development, further emancipate the mind and forge ahead with determination, accelerate the comprehensive urban-rural reform and focus on resolving issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers; we shall accelerate the structural adjustment and independent innovation, focusing on development of inland open economy; and we shall speed up development of infrastructure and public service facilities, emphasizing on improving living conditions in urban and rural areas; boost environmental protection and resource conservation, striving to build an ecological screen within the upper reaches of the Yangtze River; promote development of social undertakings, trying our efforts to fulfill resettlement and poverty alleviation of migrants from the Three Gorges reservoir area. In this way can we formulate a new system that is conducive to scientific development, social harmony and sound yet fast economic and social development and can we develop Chongqing into an important growth pole in the western region of China, the economic center featuring balanced urban-rural development at the upper reaches of Yangtze River and the first city of the western region of China to achieve the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

(2)Basic principles

--Adhering to balanced urban-rural development: we will all along give top priority to issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers, intensify our efforts to promote the mechanism of accelerating agriculture by industry and driving countryside by city and focus on construction of rural infrastructure and social undertakings so as to promote unified economic and social development in urban and rural areas.

--Upholding scientific outlook on development to transform development pattern: we will accelerate optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure and enhance our capability of independent innovation, achieving a new industrial structure and competitive advantages. We are to give special attention to resource conservation and environmental protection, coordinating economic and social development and population, resources and environment.

--Persisting in people oriented development to promote construction of a harmonious society: we will make improving people's lives as the starting point of all our work as well as our ultimate goal and make our efforts to resolve issues that are most concerned about interest of the masses. We will vigorously develop social undertakings; promote equalization of basic public services and ensure social fairness and justice.

--Persisting in reform and opening up to boost innovation on institutional mechanisms: we will proceed with the overall urban-rural pilot reform; make breakthroughs in important areas and key links and try our efforts to eliminate institutional and mechanism obstacles in economic and social development. We will comprehensively improve inward and outward opening up, accelerating establishment of inland open economy.

(3)Strategic tasks

--Implementing the one-circle and two-wings development strategy: we are to intensify our efforts to develop an economic circle with the urban area as its core (about one hour away from the circle side）and speed up development of the two wings, i.e. northeastern part of Chongqing focusing on Wanzhou and the Three Gorges Reservoir Area as well as the poverty-stricken mountainous area in southeastern Chongqing so as to create a new pattern for balanced regional development in which different regions can take each others’ advantages. --Fulfilling the strategy of expanding opening up of the inland area: we will promote development by opening up and reform and actively explore new approaches for inland areas to develop the open economy. Relying on Chongqing New North Zone and Chongqing Port Bonded Area, we are to develop Chongqing into an integrated transport hub and major channel of international trade at the upper reaches of Yangtze River and processing base for export-oriented goods of inland areas as well as the pioneering city to expand opening up.

--Implementing the strategy of industrial upgrading: more efforts will be made to accelerate transformation and revitalization of old industrial bases and to develop important modern manufacturing bases. We are to give priority to develop high-tech industry, vigorously develop modern services sector, accelerate development of modern agriculture, achieving coordinated development among the primary, secondary and tertiary industries and an industrial system that features rational division of labor in urban and rural areas, highlighted regional characteristics and fully played advantages of resource elements.

--Carrying out the strategy of relying on science and education to rejuvenate Chongqing: we will energetically promote reform and development of basic education, vocational education and higher education; make an innovation in human resources development; speed up training and introduction of multi-level, high-quality and practical talents. We will maintain the role of an enterprise as the main body in independent innovation, promoting development of a scientific and technological innovative system that integrates industry, education and research and accelerating construction of the scientific and technological innovative center and scientific research outcome industrialization center at the upper reaches of Yangtze River.

--Implementing resources and environment security strategy: we shall establish an idea of building the city by developing ecologic and giving priority to environment; make an innovation in resource-conservation and environmental protection; develop circular economy and low-carbon economy and garden city. Efforts shall be made to protect eco-environment and water bodies of the Three Gorges reservoir area, of Yangtze River, Jialing River and Wujiang River and to construction an ecological civilization demonstration plot at the upper reaches of Yangtze River.

(4). Major goals

--By the year 2012, significant progress shall be made in key areas and crucial links and the institutional framework that ensures coordinated urban-rural development be generally formulated. Per capital GDP of the city is to reach the average level of China; income of urban and rural residents' shall reach relatively higher level in the western region with the income gap being alleviated. Basic public service capacity is to reach national average; unit GDP energy consumption is to reduce by 20% of that in 2007; environmental protection and ecological construction are to make positive progress with water quality of the main stream of Yangtze River within the Three Gorges reservoir area amounting to Class Ⅱ.

--By 2020, various reforms shall be overall deepened and a system that guarantees balanced urban-rural development be formulated so that the city can take the lead in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Per capita GDP of the city is to surpass national average level; income of urban and rural residents' is to reach national average with the income gap being remarkable alleviated. Basic public service capacity of the city is to surpass national average; unit GDP energy consumption is to be decreased significantly further. Meanwhile, eco-environment of the city shall be greatly improved with the forest coverage rate reached 45% and water quality of main trunk of Yangtze River within the Three Gorges reservoir area steadily maintained at class Ⅱ.

2. Promoting migrants from the Three Gorges area to set out towards well-off conditions so as to ensure harmonious development of the reservoir area

(5). Implementing immigration support measures: After accomplishment of relocation of migrants from the Three Gorges area, we will in a timely manner shift our attention to promoting migrants to steadily set out towards well-off conditions and to establishment of an effective mechanism that can ensure long-term stable development of the reservoir area. We will also increase financial support to the migrants at the latter phase so as to practically resolve their long-term livelihood. The employment support system for migrants is to be improved; more efforts will be made to promote vocational education, skills training, market information and entrepreneurship guidance and employment assistance, enhancing their capacity for employment and reemployment. More efforts will be made to speed up industrial development and infrastructure construction in the reservoir area, and more local jobs will be offered through various preferential policies and financial support. The social security system focusing on basic old-age, medical and unemployment insurance is to cover rural migrants in cities and towns, rural migrants of land requisition, and migrants from ecological screen and geological disaster areas. Remaining questions concerning immigrant resettlement will be treated meticulously and difficulties and problems concerning production and daily life of the immigrants will be resolved so as to build a stable and harmonious reservoir. We are to and work to help immigrants solve the production and livelihood of the practical, building a new harmonious and stable in the reservoir area. Close attention will be paid to the preparation of the planning on infrastructure construction and economic and social development in the Three Gorges reservoir area and the resettlement area, coordinately resolving current prominent contradictions as well as problems concerning long-term development of the reservoir area.

(6). Supporting industrial development in the reservoir area: it is a major approach for migrants from the reservoir area to move out, settle down steadily and gradually make prosperity to actively develop competitive industries with characteristics of the reservoir area. for special industries, is moving immigrants come to realize that stability is maintained, step by step the main way to get rich. We will intensify efforts to provide guidance and unveil support for Industrial development in the reservoir area while making industrial policies and regional development proposals and approving projects etc. We will actively develop such key industries as deep-processing of energy and mineral resources, oil and gas, salt chemical industry, machinery manufacturing, textile clothing, modern traditional Chinese medicine and bio-medicine, give support to construct the urban migrant eco-industrial park, increasing financial support to its infrastructure construction. High quality industries are encouraged to expand towards such cities as Wanzhou, Fuling etc. that enjoy favorable integrated conditions. Efforts will be made to explore development of an innovative industrial park with joint efforts and an investment benefit-sharing mechanism across the city. We will strict implement ecological environmental protection requirements in the reservoir area, prohibit enterprises with high pollution to settle down. We are to conscientiously implement the Outline of the Five-year Plan for Providing support to conduct resettlement of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area; to encourage more provinces, cities and enterprises to provide Chongqing with personnel, financial and project assistance and to explore more effective ways of assistance, enhancing its momentum for future development. We will further bring into play of industrial development fund in the reservoir area, levy water resource fee on the Three Gorges power plant in accordance with the law, prepare as soon as possible follow-up work planning for approval, plan as a whole funding needs and pay close attention to study and preparation of allocation scheme and management methods upon unveil of policies on construction fund of state major water conservancy project.

(7). Strengthening ecological environment protection in the reservoir area: we will improve the eco-environmental protection system so as to develop the reservoir area into an important ecological screen for Yangtze River, ensuring health of life along the river and normal operation of the Three Gorges project. More efforts will be made to govern industrial and agricultural pollution sources in the reservoir area, to prevent cage fish culture so as to improve water clearance and to resolve other outstanding problems affecting water quality such as water bloom. We are to improve and fulfill the green belt construction planning as well as the soil & water conservation planning in the reservoir area, take intensified biological control measures and increase soil erosion control. And on the basis of its ecological carrying capacity, we’ll steadily make progress in ecological relocation and in development of ecological screen and ecological protection zone around the reservoir, enact as soon as possible management schemes and related measures for the water level-fluctuating zone and strengthen development of the ecological environment monitoring system for the Three Gorges reservoir area. More efforts will be made to boost the third phase geological disaster prevention project, trying to establish a long-term effective prevention mechanism, putting into practice of various security system and intensifying strategic study on ecological changes after water storage of the Three Gorges Project and sustainable development of Yangtze River valley.

3. Developing modern agriculture to boost development of a new socialist countryside

(8). Optimizing agricultural structure and layout: we will strategically accelerate adjustment of agricultural structure, building a modern agricultural industrial system and plan as a while an agricultural pattern of "one-circle and two-wing" (one circle means a metropolis agricultural demonstration zone and two-wing means northeast Chongqing ecological agriculture corridor and southeast Chongqing mountainous characteristic agricultural base). Efforts will be made to stabilize basic farmland and grain sown area, increasing yield per unit and implementing policies supporting planting of high quality seed so as to make sure that grain yield will be not less than 11,000,000 tons and to promote project construction in large and medium-sized agricultural irrigation area, accelerating implementation of small-scale farmland irrigation project and vigorously develop water-saving agriculture and water-saving irrigation. Farmers are encouraged and given support to carry out construction of various small agricultural infrastructures. We will strengthen our efforts to comprehensively develop mountainous areas, to speed up development of the forestry industry, to promote development of the competitive orange industry and continue the orange germchit subsidy policy the citrus industry with the construction of the advantages, the continued implementation of subsidy policies citrus seedlings. We will boost construction of demonstration zone of modern animal husbandry, increase support to develop large-scaled livestock breeding, breeding of improved varieties and animal disease prevention and control system. We will strengthen development of animal husbandry and harmless treatment and comprehensive utilization of aquaculture waste. We will strengthen agricultural standardization, ensuring quality and safety of agricultural products, give support to build the comprehensive national demonstration base of agricultural mechanization in Chongqing, continue to implement subsidy policy on agricultural machines procurement and conscientiously implement various preferential policies concerning taxes and fees of agricultural mechanization.

(9). Improving rural production and living conditions. We will thoroughly push forward building of a new socialist countryside, speed up construction of rural infrastructure and development of social undertakings, make efforts to resolve outstanding problems concerning livelihood and production of farmers and try to coordinate urban-rural construction planning, focusing on infrastructure construction and public services in rural areas. We will conduct experiment on construction of rural highway and support villages where conditions permit to construct rural cement (asphalt) road and include road transformation of merged villages or towns into the of the township roads have been included in rural highway construction. And increase input in construction of safe drinking water project. We will energetically boost concentrated biogas construction in rural areas, comprehensively govern rural eco-environment so as to improve living conditions in small towns and villages. Meanwhile, we will accelerate follow-up works of rural power grid transformation; continue promoting telephone engineering for every village; intensify internet access capacity and construction of the information service platform facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers and improve maintenance mechanism of rural public facilities, optimizing effectiveness of comprehensive utilization. We will make more investment in such basic public services as rural education, culture, health, sports, employment services and social security; make more efforts to cultivate professionals of rural social undertakings and promote equal access of basic public services for urban and rural areas.

(10). Accelerating poverty-alleviation and development in northeast Chongqing etc. we will combine development-orientated, open-oriented poverty alleviation with relief, make innovation in poverty-alleviation model and promote industrial development, focusing on speeding up the pace of poverty-alleviation for all ethnic groups in southeast Chongqing, the Wuling mountainous area. We will develop characteristic industries. Each key poverty-alleviation county shall support 2 or 3 characteristic industries so as to improve self-development capacity of rural poverty-stricken population. We will improve poverty alleviation on a whole village basis, intensify the policy of giving people work in place of relief subsidies and expand coverage of poverty relief and relocation for residents living in remote alpine valleys and cold mountains. New anti-poverty standards that generally cover low-income population in rural areas shall be implemented so as to firstly resolve their problem concerning food and clothing and then help them set out towards well-off conditions and enable them to share in the fruits of reform and development, effectively combining the system of subsistence allowances for rural residents with poverty-alleviation measures. We will found a venture capital for poverty-stricken farmers, enabling them to start a business on a trial basis. We will actively develop village-level poverty-alleviation organizations, improving management mechanisms. We will improve the coordination poverty-alleviation mechanism, increasing poverty-alleviation for designated sister areas; actively guide various social resources participating into poverty-alleviation undertaking. We are to gradually eliminate money given by the central government to local government to implement central investment project for key counties under the national poverty-alleviation and development effort, to enact various poverty-alleviation regulations and incorporate poverty-alleviation and development into legal track. We will help establish the "Mount Wuling economic cooperation zone" with the joint efforts of four provinces and cities in adjacent, i.e. Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan and Guizhou. We will organize preparation of regional development planning, promoting economic collaboration and function complementary and speeding up economic and social development in former revolutionary base areas, minority areas, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas.

4. Accelerating the transformation of old industrial bases and vigorously developing the modern service industry

(11). Speeding up reform of state-owned enterprises and development of non-public sectors of the economy: by making full use of state preferential policies and a variety of professionals in Chongqing, we will actively explore new mechanisms and models to promote transformation of old industrial bases, speed up layout and strategic restructuring of state-owned economy, promoting government capital to move towards those key fields concerning national security and life line of national economy and accelerating formation of a group of enterprises with their own intellectual property rights and international well-known brands and features strong international competitiveness. For projects involving in reconstruction of old industrial bases and being in line with the national industrial policies, we will give them support in respects of project review, land use, loan financing, technological development and market access etc. we will establish a sound system of state-owned capital operating budget to promote that operating income of state-owned capital can input in construction of infrastructure and public services. We will deepen reform of the shareholding system for state-owned enterprises, encourage and guide diverse forms of ownership such as individual and private ownership to participate in SOE reform, create a fair and competitive environment to promote rapid development of non-public sectors of the economy, bring into play various policies of the central government in such fields as financing, taxation and market access, promote small and medium-sized enterprises to make professional, new, unique and fine development. We will accelerate comprehensive management of sinking land in coalmining areas such as Nantong, Songzao and Tianfu, promote economic transformation in resource exhaustion regions and speed up reconstruction of sinking land in coalmining areas, squatter settlement and urban dilapidated houses.

(12). Intensifying efforts to develop competitive characteristic industrial clusters: we will nurture and develop new industries and enhance advantages and vitalities of leading industries while giving full play to basic advantages of the existing industrial bases. The five pillar industries, i.e. automobile &motorcycle, equipment manufacturing, chemical engineering of oil and natural gas, materials industry and electronic information will be developed and expanded, forming a competitive industrial cluster that features strong strength and relevance. We will develop the automobile &motorcycle industry in its strength and size, developing energy saving and environmental friendly vehicles and diesel vehicles; optimize and upgrade the parts and components industry; construct an integrated automotive proving grounds that are conducive to self-development and add additional National Motorcycle Quality Inspection centers so as to build Chongqing into a city that is famous for automobiles and motorcycles. We will revitalize the equipment manufacturing industry, supporting the city to develop associated wind power generation installation and rail transit equipment; encourage development of basic spare parts industry such as heavy forge piece, gear boxes and large-scale diesel engine accessories. We will build a production base for key parts and components and transmission part of diesel engine as well as a manufacturing base for special ships and high-voltage power transmission and transformation equipment. Meanwhile, we are to develop the chemical engineering of oil and gas, expanding industrial scale and industrial chain; to optimize and upgrade the material industry, ensuring relocation of Chongqing Iron& Steel Group on an environmental-friendly basis and upgrading of product structure; to increase supplies of alumina, improving the level of finish machining; strengthen efforts to construct the national high-tech industrial base so as to vigorously develop high-tech industries and improve their share in total economic output.

(13). Actively developing producer services and consumer services: Depending on the city’s advantages as a central mega-city in the western region of China, we will further improve the system of modern service industry, promoting all-round development of production-oriented and life-oriented service sectors; perfect the financial market system, enhancing level of financial services and promoting healthy yet rapid development of the financial industry so as to build Chongqing into the financial center at the upper reaches of Yangtze River that features strong financial concentrating and distributing ability. We will give support to construct large and medium-sized agricultural products wholesale market, major commodity reserve base, distribution center for Chinese herbal medicines in the Three Gorges reservoir area, the grain circulation system and trading market of agricultural technologies in Chongqing so as to formulate a modern logistics base. We will help create Chongqing into the City of Exhibition, City of Shopping and City of Gourmet at the Upper reaches of Yangtze River, forming a regional trade exhibition center and promoting realization of modernization; we will help accelerate building of the staple-food processing and distribution center of Chongqing; encourage domestic and foreign well-known brands and high quality distribution firms to make an investment in Chongqing. Efforts will be made to speed up improvement of tourist and public services facilities so that the city will play a pivotal function in distribution center. We will also intensify our efforts to protect tourist resources and strengthen construction of tourist infrastructure; to comprehensively develop modern tourist products, actively developing in southeast Chongqing ethnic characteristic handicrafts and folklore eco-tourism and cultivating a number of characteristic tourist attractions with complete functions and to build the Three Gorges International Tourism Golden Belt by relying on the Three Gorges Project, the Three Gorges culture and its ecological promenade.

(14). Promoting scientific and technological progress and independent innovation: We will speed up construction of scientific and technological innovation centers and set up a comprehensive pilot zone for urban-rural scientific & technological reform and innovation. The state will give Chongqing special support in such aspects as layout of major R&D base, building of technical innovative base with joint efforts of soldiers and civilians and experiment on comprehensive scientific and technological reform in order to accelerate research and development, resource sharing and transformation of achievements and to enhance the capability of independent innovation. We will help strength R&D of key technologies and technical standards in such fields as upgrading of industrial technology, cultivation of new industries, energy saving & emission reduction as well as resource utilization and protection; gradually establish the scientific and technological innovation system for the service sector, enhancing its level of development by utilization of modern information technology. National preferential policies for income tax of high-tech enterprises which receive special support of the state and those financial, taxation and government procurement policies aiming at promoting independent innovation shall be thoroughly put into practice. Great efforts will be made to explore and establish a relatively complete scientific and technological investment and financing system; to conduct experiment on scientific and technological insurance, improving the risk investment mechanism for scientific and technological start-ups and the excitation mechanism for technological innovation. The scientific and technological system will be deepened in order to create an environment that gathers talents, encourages enterprises in technological innovation and integrates industry, education and research.

(15). Enhancing leading role of the One-Circle: a new collaborative mechanism for regional industrial development will be established to promote balanced development between the One-circle and two-wing areas. We shall make intensified efforts to build a large industrial base, developing industrial clusters in the One-Circle area to enhance its comprehensive strength and competitiveness; to develop industries with comparative advantages in the two-wings area, encouraging enterprises producing complete sets of host to transfer their spare parts production to the two-wing area. We will support agricultural and sideline products, special minerals, raw materials and rough products in the two-wing area to expand their market space; make innovation in park construction and resource sharing mechanism, support construction of the characteristic industrial park and public services platform to enhance the capacity to undertake industrial shift. Relying on capital, talent and technology in the One-Circle area, we will help the two-wing area develop characteristic processing industry, modern agriculture, tourism and various service sectors; improve the mechanism of the "One-circle area supports the two-wing area", boosting park construction across the city, assisting in project introduction and construction of factory buildings and supporting enterprises in designated areas. We will explore a win-win mechanism in which the One-circle area and the two-wing area will share in elements and benefits. We will promote balanced development among large, medium and small cities as well as small towns; improve urban functions; enhance industrial promotion and employment absorption capacity and reduce pressures of the two-wing area on population, resources and environment.

5. Vigorously improving open-up to develop inland open economy

(16). Speeding up development of Chongqing New North Zone and Chongqing Port Bonded Area: a demonstration zone of inland open economy is to be established, integrating high-tech industrial R & D, manufacturing and modern service industries. We will support the New North Zone to make a trial in terms of land, taxation, finance, investment and foreign economy and trade, scientific technological innovation and management system etc. various national-level parks within the New North Zone shall play a leading role in creating a pattern under which the zone involves several parks feature mutual help and benign interaction. More efforts will be made to accelerate construction of Cuntan bonded port in Lianglukou of Chongqing. Functions and related tax policies of Cuntan bonded port shall be in line with those of Yangshan Bonded Port. We shall arrange rationally customs officers, entry-exit inspection and quarantine officers, supervision equipment and pay serious attention to problems concerning setting up of Liangjiang New Area.

(17). Further expanding opening-up: We shall conscientiously implement various policies of the country in encouraging exports; adjust structure of export-oriented products; exploit market potential and strive to maintain stable growth in export. We shall take full advantage of both markets and resources, speed up transformation of trade development, vigorously develop exports of mechanical and electrical products as well as high-tech products, develop trade in services, take in international service outsourcing and transfer processing trade. We shall energetically absorb foreign capital, technology and talent and pay attention to conducting various forms of investment and trade cooperation with overseas-funded enterprises. And we encourage qualified enterprises to set up production and R & D bases in other countries or purchasing and merging high-tech enterprises and R & D institutions.

(18). Actively conducting regional economic cooperation: we shall work out a new mechanism for regional economic cooperation, strengthening all-round, multi-level and wide cooperation with neighboring provinces and cities, areas along Yangtze River as well as coastal areas by making full use of all kinds of regional cooperation platforms. Cooperation with surrounding areas will be deepened so as to promote interoperability of infrastructure, joint exploitation of resources as well as industrial division and collaboration. Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone is to be planned in a timely manner in order to boost its industrial cooperation and to strengthen cooperation with Guizhou and Shaanxi provinces in resources development. Efforts shall also be made to promote cooperation among areas along Yangtze River with an industrial collaboration and linkage mechanism involving provinces and cities along the river being established. Meanwhile, east-West cooperation is to be strengthened, and guide the enterprises to take advantage of the western region of Chongqing inland open economy platform, taking in industrial transfer from the developed coastal areas to build a demonstration base of east-west cooperation.

(19). Improving inland open environment: we will establish and improve the policy system of inland open economy; create a market environment that is in line with the domestic and overseas markets; speed up the foreign-related public management and service system and improve industry associated conditions. We will actively explore establishment of large-scale clearance pattern along the Yangtze River; promote regional customs reform; give full play to the advantages of the Yangtze golden waterway; promote direct access of river to the sea so as to facilitate Yangtze River waterways, to boost construction of electronic port and to eliminate obstacles that block opening up of the land region. We are to gradually loose market access to infrastructure and key industries; to establish an investment and excitation mechanism that adapts to inward and outward opening up; to improve in a timely manner opening up in the Three Gorges reservoir area and the poverty-stricken mountainous areas. Tax reduction or even exemption will be firstly implemented for agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery projects, major public infrastructure projects under substantial support of the state as well as those environmental protection, energy saving or water-saving projects. Efforts shall be made to update the talent introduction and excitation mechanism and to boost training and introduction of open-type economic management talents.

6. Accelerating infrastructure construction to strengthen the capacity of urban and rural development

(20). Strengthening construction of water conservancy facilities: under the principle of resolving water supply for project construction while enhancing water utilization efficiency, we will enhance construction capacity of urban and rural water conservancy facilities and water resource utilization level and guarantee capability; continue supporting the first phase Zeyu project; optimize the second phase Zeyu project and build a group of small and medium-sized water source projects. Yutan water reservoir in Dazu countyand preliminary works of large-scaled water reservoir projects such as Guanjingkou water reservoir in Banan District, Golden Buddha mountain water reservoir in Nanchuan will be launched. We will accelerate construction of urban water supply project, flood control and bank protection projects and reinforcement of dangerous reservoirs; ensure safety of drinking water, agricultural irrigation water, flood control and disaster mitigation and accelerate reform of water price mechanism, upgrading water resource management to ensure sound development of water conservancy.

(21). Speeding up construction of an integrated transport hub in the city: we will help accelerate construction of external channels, optimize transport convergence and improve the comprehensive transportation system so as to build the city into an integrated transport hub at the upper reaches of Yangtze River. We will speed up construction of Xiang-Yu (Chongqing-Xiangfan) double-track railway, Yi-Wan (Yibin-Wanzhou), Lan-Yu (Lanzhou-Chongqing) and Yu-Li (Chongqing-Lichuan) railways as well as Sui-Yu (Suining-Chongqing) double-track lines; try efforts to start construction of Yu-Huai (Chongqing-Huaihua) double-track railway, Chongqing-Guiyang, Chongqing-Wanzhou railways, Chengdu-Chongqing passenger dedicated line and Qianjiang-Zhangjiajie-Changde Railway and plan to construct Zheng-Yu-Kun railways so as to form a railway hub with Chongqing as its center and several external channels that feature convenience and strong transport capability as its backbone and to promote linkage between railway hub and the bonded port in Tuanjie Village. We will accelerate construction of National Expressway Network in Chongqing, steadily construct regional freeways and speed up construction of a city expressway framework consisting of one ring road, two radial lines and one connection line. The national and provincial trunk highways shall be class 3 or above. We will strive to achieve the transport goals of reaching every town in Chongqing within 4 hours and every neighboring province within 8 hours. Efforts will be made to boost construction of the shipping center at the upper reaches of Yangtze River; plan as a whole coastal resources and port layout that focuses on three ports, i.e. urban port, Wanzhou port and Fuling port as well as high-level sea routes of Yangtze River, Jialing River and Wujiang. We will implement project reconstruction or expansion, enhancing the functions of Jiangbei International Airport as a hub; accelerate development of feeder airlines, trying to complete Qianjiang airport as soon as possible while conducting previous work of Wushan airport. We will revise and compile as soon as possible recent construction planning, speed up development of urban rail transit, rationally plan the underground pipe network, ensuring effective use of underground space and strengthen interconnection among ports, railways, highways, airports and urban road to achieve an integrated transit system. We will support the city to carry out reform of the integrated transport system on a trial basis; accelerate construction of the comprehensive information infrastructure, give priority to the city to conduct experiment of Network Convergence and support development of an international dedicated high-speed communication channel.

(22). Strengthening energy development: we will simultaneously boost resource development and regional cooperation and accelerate development of an energy security system with electricity as its center, coal as its basis and natural gas as a supplement. More efforts will be made to develop electricity, paying close attention to studying relocation of Chongqing Power Plant and Chongqing Jiulong Electric Power Co.,Ltd Plant on an environmental-friendly basis and actively promoting construction of Fengjie, Shizhu power plants. We will steadily reform the energy structure, enhancing proportion of clean energy, renewable energy and new energy in the total; actively conduct previous work of Xiaonanhai hydropower project; pay close attention to the layout of large-scale clean energy projects and refinery projects; orderly develop small hydropower stations, steadily promoting rural electrification and small hydropower for fuel projects. We will strengthen power grid construction and transformation of rural power grids; appropriately increase exploration and development of coal resources; strengthen application of mash gas and safe production and management; vigorously develop natural gas and coalbed resources; appropriately increase supply of natural gas in Chongqing; support local processing of natural gas and expand multi-provincial energy trading.

(23). Improving infrastructure planning, construction and management: we will help balance urban-rural construction and gradually unify infrastructure construction such as water conservancy, transportation and energy. We shall conduct planning prior to construction, enabling planning to play a guiding role in the course of urbanization and optimizing function and layout of urban and rural infrastructure. We will update the infrastructure investment and financing system, optimize the structure of government investment, continue increasing investment in rural infrastructure construction and strengthen construction of urban-rural large backbone engineering of disaster prevention and of the information system. We are to pay attention to boosting the agent-construction of non-recurrent government investment projects, make an innovation in infrastructure construction and public service delivery model, try efforts to improve the social capital investment excitation mechanism, promote diversity of investors by adopting such methods as construction - operation - transfer (BOT), project revenue bonds, ownership bidding. We will pay intensified efforts to supervision and management of government investment projects and to standardize investment behaviors of various types of investors. Efforts will be made to develop a sound urban-rural infrastructure management system so as to realize unified management of urban-rural infrastructure and to promote linkage and network sharing between urban and rural infrastructure. Meanwhile, coordination among administrative departments is to be enhanced, improving comprehensive infrastructure utilization. We will explore a government regulation system and a social oversight mechanism concerning construction of municipal infrastructure system so as to maintain public interest and public safety.

7. Strengthening resource-saving and environmental protection to accelerate transformation of development mode

(24). Vigorously promoting energy-saving & emission reduction: We will optimize the energy structure; improve environmental protection standards to reduce pollutant emissions and energy consumption. We will set up an emission reduction mechanism with joint participation of multi-departments and implement the environmental access system; speed up elimination of outdated production capacity; constrain industries of high-energy consumption, high pollution and resource consumption and strictly control new pollution. We are to strongly focus on implementation of key projects concerning energy-saving and emission reduction, to boost development and promotion of key technologies involving energy-saving & emission reduction, to specify its target responsibility system and to strengthen monitoring by statistical meansand evaluation measures concerning energy-saving & emission reduction. We will actively develop pilot circular economy; make an effective plan for development of circular economy in the industrial park so as to develop Chongqing into a Circular Economy Demonstration Zone in the central and western regions of China. We shall perfect the resource pricing mechanism, explore establishment of a market adjustment mechanism regarding compensation for the use of environmental resources, establish and improve environmental-economic policies including the exit mechanism of heavily polluting enterprises, green credit and environmental insurance etc. and speed up formation of resource-saving and environment-friendly production, circulation and consumption modes.

(25). Strengthening comprehensive treatment of urban and rural pollution: we are to intensify integrated control of pollution in urban and rural areas, focusing on ensuring water quality in urban and rural centralized drinking water sources and in Three Gorges reservoir area. We will implement the water pollution control plans for the Three Gorges reservoir area and the upper reaches of Yangtze River. Financial support from the central government will be available for such projects inside the plan as sewage and waste disposal, treatment of major industrial pollution sources and renovation of secondary river pollution. We shall enact as soon as possible policies of levying charges for sewage and waste disposal, making reasonable expenses standards and ensuring normal operation of pollution control facilities. We will increase rural environmental protection, strengthen pollution control of livestock and poultry; implement organic fertilizer demonstration projects to convert poultry wastes into organic fertilizer. We will strengthen efforts to research and develop pollution control technologies, striving to make breakthroughs in key technologies of "water bloom" control, water level-fluctuating zone remediation, sewage disposal of small cities and towns, non-point source pollution control etc.

(26). Actively building the ecological civilization zone at the upper reaches of Yangtze River: we shall improve relevant policies, speed up ecological construction and promote sustainable development of this region. Under the premise of ensuring basic farmland and the total amount of cultivated land, we will, in accordance with the planning of returning farmland to forestry made by the State Council, gradually return farmland located on steep slopes of 25 degree or above to forest. Central Ecological Benefit Compensation Funds will be available for reforesting of national key public welfare forest include in Chongqingforest protection engineering. And we will support transformation of low-quality and low-benefit forest through a variety of funding channels. We will strengthen the shelter forest system at the Yangtze River Valley; protect ecological corridor of Jinyun Mountain, Zhonglang Mountain, Tongluo Mountain and Mingyue Mountain; continue implementing ecological demonstration projects; promote construction of ecological civilization village in an orderly way; accelerate such eco-environmental projects as comprehensive treatment of stony desertification and of small watersheds and soil and water conservation; study establishment of a multi-level ecological compensation mechanism and enhance biodiversity and bio-security management, improving the level of management and protection of nature reserve.

8. Making vigorous efforts to develop social undertakings and improve public services

(27). Giving priority to development of education: we will accelerate reform of educational system, form the unified development system for educations in both urban and rural areas, and support Chongqing to establish the demonstration area for unified educational reform in rural and urban areas, promote balanced development of compulsory education, improve hardware of elementary and high schools in rural areas, and endeavor to make teacher resources of elementary and high schools in urban and rural areas to reach unified standard in this regard. We will promote development of distant learning system for elementary and high schools in rural areas and make more efforts to build boarding school, include sons and daughters of migrant workers into public educational system to give them access to compulsory education in the place where their parents work and accelerate the process of spreading senior high school level education and focus on secondary vocational education in rural areas. We are to explore new mechanism to develop vocational education, endeavor in development of basic functions for vocational education, make great efforts to improve vocational education and training system, focus on promoting the reform of operating vocational education projects in form of enterprise group and improve talent training methods such as coordinated and phased training etc. we will continue giving favorable policy to student recruitment plans for higher learning institutions in Chongqing and expand the proportion of students from reservoir affected, poverty stricken and ethnic minority areas, support development of higher learning institutions in Chongqing and their efforts in key disciplines, increase student based quota of higher learning institutions in Chongqing to make the quota to reach the level of the institutions under ministry and actively develop kindergarten education, special education and ethnic education.

(28). Improving health care system in rural and urban areas. We will help deepen the health care system reform, accelerate the process of building basic health care system covering residents in both urban and rural areas and take the lead among other provinces in western China to realize the goal of giving access of basic health care services to every one. We will support key municipal hospitals to conduct modernization construction, improve the infrastructure of medical institutions at county level and promote standardization of institutions providing health care services in rural areas and living districts. We will invest more into medical care institutions at grass root level and into public health areas, make more efforts to construct the public health care institutions providing services like disease prevention and control, health care supervision, health care for women and children and mental health etc, improve public service quality, emergency handling capacity and the capacity of preventing and controlling seriously infectious diseases, chronic diseases and endemics. Efforts will be made to support development of Chinese traditional medicine, to improve the quality of basic public health services provided in rural and urban areas, to gradually realize the goal of giving equal access of public health care to every one, to establish basic medicine management system and to improve basic medicine and medical care pricing system. We shall also improve system of rewarding and supporting those abiding by family planning policy, make more efforts to construct the system providing family planning related services in rural areas, and remain the low birth rate level. Improve population management and the information collection system for decision making, and establish population related information collection and supervision system which should be rational and fast responding.

(29). Improving cultural and sports undertakings: we shall accelerate the reform of cultural system, promote cultural undertakings to develop in a healthy and rapid way, and take the lead among other provinces in western China to build a public cultural service system and the mechanism for cultural development in both rural and urban areas. We shall make efforts in protecting the places blessed with cultural relics and natural heritages, protecting the historically famous cities from ancient times, saving damaged cultural relics, implementing the projects of sharing cultural information, constructing cultural stations in towns and villages, carrying out project of making each village to have access to radio and TV programs and playing films in rural areas etc. we will construct cultural center in urban living district and cultural room in village, try on establishing the financial mechanism supportive for public cultural service system, and subsidize daily operation of the institutions providing public cultural services and the museum free for public. We will diversify investment mechanism, develop featured cultural resources, promote the construction of cultural industry base and cultural market and promote development of cultural industry, speed up reform of sports system and development of public sports undertaking and make great efforts to build public sports facilities, to improve national wide body-building system, to enhance performance of competitive sports, and to enhance capacity of holding and organizing large scale sport events. We shall actively develop fitness and recreational facilities and sports competition market to promote development of sports industry.

(30). Improving the social security system: We will provide greater financial support from central government, accelerate the process of improving the social security system covering residents in rural and urban areas, actively and steadily promote reform of old-age insurance system in governmental organizations and support Chongqing to take the lead in exploring the feasibility of and establishing old-age insurance system in rural areas. We will improve basic medical care security system, carry out trial projects regarding the coordinated basic medical care insurance in urban and rural areas, constantly improve quality of the service provided by new type of cooperative medical care system in rural areas and gradually realize coordinated management of basic medical care insurance system at municipal level. We will provide help to those from bankrupt state-owned enterprises (including the enterprises directly under administration of central government and located in Chongqing) basic medical care insurance to receive basic medical care insurance, to improve social security system for the peasants whose lands are requisitioned to reach the goal that cover these peasants when their lands are requisitioned and to cover all who are qualified for the system. We will improve basic living allowances for residents in urban and rural areas, make more efforts to help those in need, to construct old-age supporting facilities. We will continue to implement the afterglow plan of constructing supporting facilities for the rural household enjoying the five guarantees (childless and infirm old persons who are guaranteed with food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses), and provide favorable policies for the construction of old folks home in rural areas. Improve housing insurance system in rural and urban areas, provide more affordable houses, and make more efforts in constructing low-rent houses and economically affordable house which shall gradually cover migrant workers who have full time job in urban areas.

9. Making vigorous efforts to carry forward reform tests and to establish the system allowing coordinated development of both urban and rural areas

(31). Establishing a long term mechanism by which rural development is promoted by urban development and agriculture promoted by industry. We will adjust the distribution of national income and provide more support for rural and agricultural developments in order to form new type of relationship between industry and agriculture and between rural and urban areas. We will improve protection system for agriculture and increase number of villages covered by public finance system to ensure yearly increase of total sum of the investments for agriculture from financial departments of all levels and yearly expansion of proportion of these investments in budget, establish and improve the government invested mechanism supportive for providing all people with access to public services and allocate larger proportion of financial resources from the revenue of state owned land for development of rural land and infrastructure construction in rural areas. We are to diversify financing channel for agriculture and make more efforts in coordinating financial resources for agriculture, to improve the regulation and system related to implementation of the policies supportive to agriculture and make more efforts in implementing these policies, to provide greater financial support to professional cooperatives in rural areas and to accelerate the process of building new type of socialized service system for agriculture and improve related policies. We will coordinate developments of downtown, urban, town and rural areas, accelerate construction of small cities and towns, make vigorous efforts to develop non-agricultural sectors in rural areas to boost county economy, to help industrialization and urbanization processes and middle and large cities play their supportive roles for agriculture and rural economy and to support Chongqing to build an integrated public system at grass root level to provide technique know-how to those in both urban and rural areas, making agriculture and villages more technique oriented. We will form innovative system for cooperation, pooling and integrated operation among agriculture, industry and commerce, promote industrialization of agriculture, support leading enterprises and encourage those enterprises to form a close interest oriented relationship with peasants.

(32). Establishing an integrated land usage system containing both urban and rural areas. We will stabilize and improve basic operation system in rural areas, provide peasants with the land usage right which is more comprehensive and equipped with more guarantees, and remain the existing land contracting relationship unchanged. We will continually promote the reform with regard to collective forest right, rationally arrange and adjust layout of the land used in urban and rural areas, enforce the most stringent arable land protection and water saving regulation, and rigidly enforce the system of fairly compensating the peasants whose arable land are occupied. Efforts will be made to line out the permanent basic farmland as soon as possible, to establish the compensation system for the peasants taking protective measures for their farmlands, and to ensure that total amount and usage of basic farmlands remain unchanged while their quality is improved. We will also make more efforts in land management, support and provide instruction to the innovative land reclamation development pattern in Chongqing. According to law, volunteerism and related compensation policies, we will allow peasant to shift land contracting and management right in forms of subcontracting, renting, trading-off, transferring and shareholding etc. and standardize experiment projects of developing professional cooperatives for peasants, in which land contractors become shareholders in form of land contracting and management right. We will enforce more stringent regulations regarding curtilage management to protect peasants’ beneficial property rights regarding their cartilage, steadily implement pilot project of integrating the adding of new construction used lands in both urban and rural areas with decreasing of existing construction lands in this kind, establish rural land exchange in Chongqing, make trial efforts to conduct land barter and land index trade to gradually establish a unified construction land market for both urban and rural areas, through which transfer of land usage right would be realized in a public and standard way and supporting policies and regulations in this regard could be formed and improved. We will accelerate revision and compilation of overall planning of land in Chongqing, and according to the principle of reasonably concentrating at the beginning stage and correspondingly adjusting later and under the prerequisite of remaining total amount of recently added construction sites unchanged, implement management system of increasing yearly land usage index in recent two years and then correspondingly decrease the index in the following years. Actively promote reform of land requisition system.

(33). Establishing an integrated financial system for urban and rural areas. We will promote financial system reform, improve financial market system and improve financial services provided in urban and rural areas. Accelerate development of multi-layer capital market and timely include Chongqing into national Over the Counter (OTC) market to support qualified enterprises to go public. Promote issuance of enterprise and company bonds and improve related system and explore the feasibility of issuing the bonds related to municipal utilities construction projects. Establish industrial investment funds and explore the feasibility of building joint ventures of managing industrial investment. Establish trial area to develop insurance industry and try on using insurance fund to invest into infrastructure construction etc. Make trial efforts to reform foreign exchange management system and allow 1 to 2 qualified enterprises from non-banking sectors in Chongqing to enter inter-bank foreign exchange market. Accelerate process of exploring the integrated foreign exchange management system for key enterprises in Chongqing. With the advantage of being the financial market center of China, when timing is appropriate, prioritize the establishment of national electronic bill exchange center in Chongqing. Support the futures exchange to establish goods futures settlement and delivery store of local products which have good market footing, and support establishment of long term exchange market of which main trading item is livestock such as pig. Establish modern financial system in rural area, standardize and development diversified rural financial institutions and the small and middle rural banks which focus on providing services to rural areas, and make trial efforts to establish the company issuing small amount commercial loans and vigorously make innovative efforts regarding financial products and services in rural areas. Establish rural credit guarantee system and explore the possibility of establishing the subsidized loan system for agriculture. Make the payment and settlement procedures in rural areas more convenient and accelerate the process of constructing rural credit system. Make active efforts to spread insurance relating to "agriculture, peasant and rural areas" and expand number of items covered by the policy guided agricultural insurance. Support the cooperation between Chongqing and international financial institutions, and research feasibility of and promote implementation of the demonstration projects regarding the unified reform and development of rural and urban areas.

(34). Establishing unified employment system for both rural and urban areas. We will provide solution to issues related to migrant workers and take the solution as breakthrough point to solve issues related to coordinated development between rural and urban areas. According to principles of jobs voluntarily chosen by labor, arranged by market and promoted by government, we will establish an employment system comprehensively covering urban and rural areas, form the human resources market which is well structured, fair and coordinated between urban and rural areas, and give equal access of work to those from both rural and urban areas in order to stabilize and improve employment. And we are to establish vocational training and job related practice bases and the vocational skill identification base, continue to implement the 'sunlight project', train more rural labors and promote employment of rural labor force. Make more efforts will be made to build the brands related to employment and change the current labor economy featuring quantity into the one featuring quality, to actively support works related to employment and re-employment, to improve the policy system supportive for those self-employed and looking for jobs on their own and for the system helping those having difficulties in finding jobs in rural and urban areas, and to grant favorable policies to the migrant workers who return to their hometowns and start business by themselves. We will standardize development of employment broker industry and the institutions providing employment related services. Improve employment management system, and establish and improve inter-provincial (district, city) labor force related cooperation mechanism and labor's rights protection system in order to preserve lawful rights and interests of labors from urban and rural areas.

(35). Establishing integrated social management system for both urban and rural areas. We will accelerate process of transforming governmental functions, build service oriented government, explore the feasibility of forming the administrative management system good for coordinated development of urban and rural areas, and promote unification of social management for both urban and rural areas, invest more into public service areas, change ways of providing pubic services, comprehensively promote system of inviting qualified entities to implement government invested project, spread the mode of government procuring service and steering projects of using social funds to invest into public welfare undertakings. We will improve construction and management of social organization, speed up the reform in categorizing governmental institutions, and promote the separations between administration and service, management and daily operation, and public welfare undertakings and profit-generating activities. We will actively cultivate all types of service oriented non-governmental organizations and let them play their roles of providing services, reflecting needs and standardize behaviors, support establishment of safe and guaranteed demonstration district in urban areas, improve management system for social order and make more efforts for the Safe Chongqing activities and improve the party and government leaded mechanism of preserving mass's lawful rights and interests and diversify channels for mass to express their opinions to government. Efforts will be made to steadily promote district construction in urban and rural areas, to improve comprehensive service function, and to improve district democratic management system and self governed system for villager, which are leaded by party at grass root level, and try hard to build the living districts in urban and rural areas into the district which is equipped with comprehensive services, well managed, civil and harmonious.

10. Strengthening organizational leadership to implement our missions

(36). Making thorough efforts to strengthen guidance and coordination: Relevant departments of the State Council shall, based on their own functions, pay close attention to studying, formulating and seriously implementing detailed measures and schemes that support reform and development of Chongqing; strengthen work guidance and coordination. All relevant departments should guide Chongqing in preparation of reform and development planning of key areas in the city as well as of major project construction programs; ensure special planning and national planning and do a good job in the preliminary work of major projects. All relevant departments should include Chongqing in the scope of reform pilot that has been or will be launched so as to promote ministry-city joint construction of Chongqing. Aimed at enhancing self-development of the western region and at promoting urban-rural development of Chongqing, we will Focus on the western region to enhance capacity for self-development, we will include the central subsidies for building Chongqing into the central institutional subsidy base for Chongqing and further intensify input of the central financial transfer payment, special funds and investment included in the central budget, as well as other special funds of the central government into Chongqing so as to enhance financial status of the city. In the process of policy implementation, all relevant departments should strengthen research and supervision and inspection, and timely sum up experience, to help the city resolve difficulties and problems in its course of reform and development. China’s state organs, enterprises and public institutions and coastal developed areas shall intensify their efforts to offer Chongqing aid.

(37). Improving the pilot reform promotion mechanism: more efforts shall be made to construct the state pilot zone for overall urban-rural reform and promote the pilot reform to make progress as soon as possible by adhering to the principles of balanced and scientific planning, highlighted focus and step-by-step implementation. We should lose no time in formulating and implementing the procedural reform and innovation and promote the mechanism specification; carry out project management for ground-breaking reform experiments; set up target responsibility system and error-correcting mechanism; take risk control measures, timely sum up both positive and negative experiences and guide the pilot reform to make active yet steady progress. We shall, leaded by the development and reform departments, and with joint efforts of other departments concerned, help coordinate and guide in tasks in the urban and rural comprehensive reform pilot areas of Chongqing; regularly check the progress of work; consult to resolve major policy issues and timely report related situations to the State Council.

(38). Comprehensively implementing various missions: Chongqing municipal government should strengthen organizational leadership, undertake the historical missions entrusted by the central government and seriously complete various major strategic tasks. Chongqing government should prepare a phased action plan in accordance with the reform and development objectives and improve relevant policies as soon as possible. Various missions shall be specifically allocated to relevant places and departments to define the goals and tasks and the supervision and evaluation mechanism should be perfected to effectively put into practice various national policies concerning reform and development. Chongqing government shall regularly sum up experience and report major issues timely to the State Council to ensure orderly implementation of various tasks of reform and development.

Urban and rural reform and development is a long-term arduous strategic task for us. The mission is honorable yet the duty is of great significance. People in Chongqing should firmly seize the historical opportunity, further emancipate the mind, engage in exploitation and innovation and make efforts to do various tasks well in a down-to-earth manner so as to achieve new progress in the course of promoting scientific development and social harmony.