Of these human empires, that of Netheril represented the genesis of this epoch. Thanks to the discovery of the nether scrolls, they were launched into history.[3] Around −3000 DR, the Archmage Ioulaum raised the first enclave of Netheril, Xinlenal, through his newly fashioned mythallar.[4] However, all of these human empires left their indelible mark on the Realms, and the influence of their actions was felt for centuries afterward, as three of these nations - Calimshan, Mulhorand, and Unther - survived past this era, albeit in forms much different than seen in this epoch.

−2489 DR: Deities of the slaves of the Imaskari breach the planar barrier by sending avatars to Toril, led by the deityPtah. The avatars went among the slaves and inspired them, through their divine power, to revolt against their masters.[9][10]

-2482 DR: The Netherese House of Orogoth constructed a fortified villa in the southern part of High Moor in hopes of procuring the power of the dragons that were known to be there. It is claimed, in legend, that they did obtain it in some way. Their research there also led to the Serpent Curse.[13]

-2300 DR: Raurinese refugees continue to expand along the coasts of the Sea of Fallen Stars. At the same time, the Orogoth's servants succumb to the Serpent Curse and become a snake-like race of humanoids known as Ophidians. These affected people are driven into the western hills by the Netherese.[13][15]

-2095 DR: Jeriah Chronos dies of injuries sustained during the failed defense of Illusk, albeit it could have been avoided had he accepted divine healing magics. In this same year, the Netherese settlement of Quesseer is abandoned.[18][16]

-1896 DR: Twenty-four of the nether scrolls that had managed to be safekept by the arcanists of Netheril were stolen from a caravan that was en route to Eileanar, otherwise known as Karsus' Enclave.[4][note 3]

-1838 DR: As revenge for their assaults on her lair and hoard, the red dragon Ylveraasahlisar "the Rose Dragon," unleashes her fury on the entirety of Calimshan, bringing the city of Calimport, and much of its surroundings, to ruin. She then ruled the Empire, from her newly rebuilt lair in Calimport, with an iron fist.[12][23]

-1732 DR: The enslaved human tribes of the Lapal move into what became the Halruaa basin after having had to escape from the Yuan-ti in the jungles of Serpentes, which eventually became known as The Black Jungles and the Mhair Jungle.[24][25]

-1726 DR: The Cajaan noble, Rafak al Cajaan, led a team of warriors into the lair of Ylveraasahlisar and managed to inflict a great amount of wounds to the red dragon before she attempted to escape. Yet, as she was doing so, the bronze dragon Cadasalmpar, an ally of Rafak, assaulted her and killed her. Rafak was then made the nation's new emperor, reestablishing human rule of Calimshan and the surrounding territories.[26]

-1720 DR: Netherese arcanists began settling undersea cities and villages with the assistance of their mythallars in the northeastern region of what became known as the Sea of Fallen Stars. They encountered Aquatic elves and merfolk in the region (known to them as Aryselmalyr), who had been living there for millennia, and enslaved or killed a large portion of the Serosians as they attempted to rid the undersea shelves of the Netherese interlopers. [15][27]

-1715 DR: Tzindylspar, the renowned "City of Rubies" was founded by a group of dwarves and humans coinciding in the northwest of what was Netheril.[4]

-1658 DR: The abundant mines of Dekanter finally run dry, forcing the Netherese miners to abandon them. Only a few years after this, however, the mines became a practicing ground for Netherese arcanists-in-training to practice magic, or, as it was known at the time, "the Art."[4][note 4]

-1657 DR: The Netherese enclave of Maunator, also known as Sunrest, utterly disintegrated in a horrible accident caused by ill-prepared and ill-conducted research into spellcraft.[4]

-1621 DR: In this year, the prestigious General Matick was born; his successes were the greatest in the whole history of Netherese warfare.[28]

-1591 DR: General Matick invented his spell, General Matick's Missile, which eventually became known simply as magic missile amongst most arcanists.[29]

-1402 DR: Qyraaptir the Bloodeye and his beholder army fell or fled before the Drakhon priests and their allies. Calimport is the first city freed from beholder-tyranny, but the priests quickly push the beholders back into the Alimir Mountains and the Lake of Steam within three years.[14][23]

↑Horus-Re, at this time, was actually only Horus, as his father, Re, had not passed and therefore had not bequeathed his portfolio or powers to Horus yet. Horus-Re, however, is Horus for all intents and purposes of this article.

↑Enlil and Re were god-kings; they were the physical rulers, as well as the deities, of their respective realms.

↑The exact details of this event are somewhat obscure, but the loss of the remaining scrolls at this time is considered indisputable.

↑The Serosian Wars are detailed in the sourcebook The Sea of Fallen Stars. The events of these wars had little overall effect on land-bound activity during this time (and therefore little overall effect on this epoch) and will not be delineated upon in this article.

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