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This technical report is a chronology that highlights the more significant events and achievements relating to DTIC and its role in providing STI from the information sources to the user community, 1945-1990. Topics: DTIC Archive, Kramer, Annabel E, DEFENSE TECHNICAL INFORMATION CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA, *POLICIES,...

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This report summarizes experimental approaches and the results of investigations of the pulmonary toxicity of (Nitrogen oxides x) that were conducted at the Los Alamos National Laboratory during FY91. Herein we describe: how ventilatory patterns are altered by the inhalation of high concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), how the ventilatory response(s) to (Carbon dioxide 2) are altered by the concurrent inhalation of high concentrations of NO2, the results of studies of the relative... Topics: DTIC Archive, Lehnert, Bruce E, LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LAB NM, *TOXICITY, *LUNG, *NITROGEN DIOXIDE,...

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We present the first quantitative experimental study of the morphology of amorphous solid surfaces formed by non-equilibrium processes and compare the results with theories developed to explain the formation of such surfaces. Topics: DTIC Archive, Williams, R S, CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES, *THIN FILMS, COMPOSITE MATERIALS,...

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Scanning tunneling microscopy measurements of local surface photovoltage of the Si(001) surface reveal the existence of local charging produced by the tunneling current. Atomic-scale variations in the charge transport arise at characteristic defects, step edges and structures produced by epitaxial growth. The decay time of the surface charge is on the order of 10-10 sec. A Coulomb blockade energy of 0.35 eV is estimated from tunneling spectroscopy measurements of the bonding configuration of... Topics: DTIC Archive, Cahill, David G, WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON DEPT OF CHEMISTRY, *SCANNING, SPECTROSCOPY,...

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Mention military involvement in counter-drugs, and the fictional Tom Clancy-conceived scenario above may provide the sort of images that come to the average American's mind. Bloody, violent acts committed against culpable drug smugglers are the stuff of best-selling fiction, but they are just that--fiction. The reality of military support is not so dramatic, but it constitutes a solid contribution to law enforcement and valuable, real-world training for the participating units. This is true... Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *NATIONAL SECURITY, *MILITARY FORCES(UNITED...

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A need exists for directional broadband VHF antenna for use within the 30-88 MHz frequency band during the 1981-1991 time frame with an IOC of May 1982. These antennas will provide an extended range capability for radio nets throughout the entire Army while reducing the radio frequency (RF) output power requirements and providing a degree of Electronic Counter-Counter Measure (ECCM) protection to the tactical radio system. This directional antenna is intended for use with both current VHF-FM... Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY TRAINING AND DOCTRINE COMMAND FORT MONROE VA, *BROADBAND ANTENNAS, *DIRECTIONAL...

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Barium and strontium release experiments were conducted throughout 1991 from the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) to study both natural and man made disturbances in the earth's ionosphere. A mass spectrometer on the spacecraft counted the Ba and Sr ions as the cloud expanded. In this study, data from the G-1 (in sunlight) and G-11b (in darkness) releases were modeled to understand the source of the ion signals. The model reproduced the Ba+ sun data well assuming... Topics: DTIC Archive, Shadid, Timothy M, AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, *IONOSPHERIC...

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This report presents the results of a Preliminary Assessment (PA), conducted by Environmental Resources Management, Inc. (ERM), of Camp Roberts, a California Army National Guard (CA ARNG) installation. This PA was conducted to characterize the site accurately and determine the need for further action. This PA satisfies the requirements of the U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program (lRP) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Guidance for Performing Preliminary Assessments... Topics: DTIC Archive, Snead, C., ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT INC EXTON PA, *WASTE WATER, *ARMY...

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a non-invasive radiographic test, is used toaid the diagnosis of diseases and abnormalities. It requires a cooperative and immobilepatient for approximately 30-90 minutes (Tobin, Spurrier, and Wetzel, 1992).Immobilizing a child for this length of time is a challenge. History has shown that mostyoung children are unable to remain motionless for the extended length of time necessaryto perform a MRI examination without sedation (Bisset and Ball, 1991). Providing... Topics: DTIC Archive, Ricks,Alesia D, Uniformed Services University Of The Health Sciences Bethesda United...

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The factors that contribute to surface warfare officer in the Navy were investigated. Information was obtained from a sample of 373 stayers and 52 leavers selected from a larger sample of 3,059 surface warfare officers who responded to a survey of officer career development in 1986. An hypothesized model of surface warfare officer retention, based on Steers and Mowday's model of employee turnover (1981), was tested using path analyses. The results of the analyses supported several of the major... Topics: DTIC Archive, Burch, Regina L, NAVY PERSONNEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER SAN DIEGO CA,...

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A definition of essential independence is proposed for sequences of polytomous items. For items satisfying the reasonable assumption that the expected amount of credit awarded increases with examinee ability, we develop a theory of essential unidimensionality which closely parallels that of Stout. Essentially unidimensional item sequences can be shown to have a unique (up to change-of-scale) dominant underlying trait, which can be consistently estimated by a monotone transformation of the sum... Topics: DTIC Archive, Junker, Brian W, ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA DEPT OF STATISTICS, *METHODOLOGY, SEQUENCES,...

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The thermogravimetric method is used to study the oxidation properties of plasma grown diamond films both with and without fluorine. The oxidation experiments are carried out over a temperature range of 600 C - 800 C and in pure oxygen at one atmospheric pressure. Our experiments show diamond films with fluorine are more resistant (by as much as a factor of 4 at 700 C) to oxidation. The activation energy for oxidation, on the other hand, is at least a factor of 2.3 lower for diamond films with... Topics: DTIC Archive, Grannen, K J, NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND...

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This report documents a field demonstration of the construction of a concrete block pavement at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. The block pavement was used to reconstruct a tank road intersection which was previously surfaced with unbound gravel and was suffering from continual maintenance problems. A general description and history of concrete paving blocks are provided, as well as detailed discussions of the design and construction techniques used for the demonstration project. By... Topics: DTIC Archive, Anderton, Gary L, ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS...

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Classical lamination theory for fiber composites is inherently limited to the two-dimensional conditions appropriate to thin shell configurations. A new derivation with appropriate tensor transformation is given which provides a fully three-dimensional lamination theory that is applicable to thick laminates involving out-of-plane stress teams. In connection with this work, a new failure criterion is derived for fiber composites, one which involves a minimum number of failure parameters and... Topics: DTIC Archive, Christensen, Richard M, LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA, *FIBER REINFORCED...

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This report provides a basic introduction to the Rome Laboratory Cathode Life Test Facility, followed by a compilation of life test data. The Cathode Life Test Facility has been in operation for nine years and has tested 10 different cathode types for a total of approximately 1.5 million hours of life test data. Topics: DTIC Archive, Novak, Mark E, ROME LAB ROME NY, *CATHODES, TEST FACILITIES, LIFE TESTS, EXPERIMENTAL...

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Saimiri monkeys immunized with a recombinant containing 20 copies of the nine amino acid repeat of the Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite (CS) protein developed high concentrations of antibodies to the repeat sequence and to sporozoites, but were not protected against challenge. After intravenous injection of an immunoglobulin G3 monoclonal antibody (NVS3) against irradiated P. vivax sporozoites, four of six monkeys were protected against sporozoite- induced malaria, and the remaining two... Topics: DTIC Archive, Charoenvit, Yupin, NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD, *MALARIA, PLASMODIUM...

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The purpose of this Technical Report is to review the Updated Draft Software User's Manual, Increment I, CDRL A012-05, which was produced for the Government by Evaluation Research Corporation. The results are provided in the form of Data Item Discrepency worksheets as requested by the CMOS Program Office. Topics: DTIC Archive, SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORP O'FALLON IL, *COMPUTER PROGRAMS, CARGO...

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Detailed knowledge of the gas-phase reactions which occur during propellant ignition and combustion are required to understand and model these processes. If detailed models were available, modification of propellant formulations for improved combustion behavior could be achieved with much less trial-and-error testing. Furthermore, detailed models could be used to generate simplified kinetics schemes for use in propellant models. The present research program, centers around the development and... Topics: DTIC Archive, Litzinger, Thomas A, PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK, *STEADY STATE, MODELS,...

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Low altitude (81 m.) narrow-beam laser reflectance measurements were made from the nearly ocean-like water surface under the Golden Gate Bridge. For short wavelength waterways superimposed on swell, the signal amplitude probability distribution showed periods of zero return signal, even for vertical incidence, apparently due to tipping of the average water surface. The nonzero signals show an antilog-normal probability distribution, skewed toward higher signal than that provide by a normal... Topics: DTIC Archive, Crittenden, Jr , E C, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *LASERS, NARROW...

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This report evaluates the cost effectiveness of using Asynchronous Computer Conferencing (ACC) techniques to provide high quality, remotely delivered training to the U.S. Army Reserve Component (RC) and develops guidelines for effectively conducting such training. The evaluation used a portion of the Engineer Officer Advanced Course (EOAC) as a test bed. Course materials that taught the same content presented in the resident course were developed for remote, asynchronous presentation. This... Topics: DTIC Archive, Hahn, Heidi A, IDAHO NATIONAL ENGINEERING LAB IDAHO FALLS,...

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Electron localization in HCl salt form of polyaniline (PAN-ES) and its methyl ring-substituted derivative, poly(o-toluidine)(POT-ES0, has been investigated by optical, transport and magnetic studies. Compared with PAN-ES, POT-ES has increased electron localization though the band structure, crystallinity and intrachain coherence length are similar for two polymers. The localization is proposed to be induced by a CH3 group on each C6 ring which decreases the interchain diffusion rate through... Topics: DTIC Archive, Wang, Z H, PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY, *MAGNETIC FIELDS,...

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This report discusses tests of the prototype fiber-optic refractionsonde instrument package to see if it can send meteorological data to the ground. Both 250 micrometer and 500 micrometer buffered fiber-optic cables (FOC) were used for the land-based and at-sea tests. At first, the 500 micrometer FOC was thought to be desirable for use with a reel-type system because of its ruggedness and greater microbending isolation. However, tests showed the wind drag on the 500 micrometer buffered cable... Topics: DTIC Archive, Anderson, K D, NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA, *RUGGEDIZED EQUIPMENT, WIND,...

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This is a report of an occupational survey of the Munitions Operations career ladder (AFSC 465X0) completed by the Occupational Analysis Program, USAF Occupational Measurement Squadron, in January 1991. This is the first occupational survey for this career ladder since it was separated from AFSC 645X0 (Supply). The survey requirement was initiated by USAFOMS; its purpose is to collect current data which can be used by career field trainers and managers to update career ladder documents (STS,... Topics: DTIC Archive, AIR FORCE OCCUPATIONAL MEASUREMENT SQUADRON RANDOLPH AFB TX, *AIR FORCE PERSONNEL,...

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The room-temperature nonlinear absorption spectra of a GaInAs/AlInAs and a GaAlInAs/AlInAs multiple quantum well (MQW) were measured near 1.3 microns using a pump probe technique. Saturation carrier densities at the heavy-hole exciton peak were determined to be 1.2 x 10 to the 18th power and 1.0 x 10 to the 18th power /cc with carrier lifetimes of approximately 2.3 ns and approximately 750 ps for the two samples, respectively. Fabry-Perot etalons with integrated mirrors grown by molecular beam... Topics: DTIC Archive, Johns, Steven T, ROME LAB ROME NY, *QUANTUM ELECTRONICS, INDIUM GALLIUM ARSENIDES,...

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The Fifth United States/Japan Workshop on Dielectric and Piezoelectric Materials was held in Kyoto, Japan on December 11-14, 1990. The technical topics most discussed were: (1) thin film ferroelectrics and dielectrics, (2) relaxor ferroelectrics, and (3) piezoelectric materials and processing. Barium titanate materials for multilayer capacitors received little attention. There were no USA papers on microwave dielectrics and no Japanese papers on single crystals. There were no USA papers on... Topics: DTIC Archive, Dougherty, Joseph P, PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK MATERIALS RESEARCH LAB,...

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The focus of this effort was to determine the utility of color imagery in the GADS environment. In particular, we were looking for improved edge extraction. The underlying assumption driving this investigation was that desirable edges could be detected using color when their presence was either weak or imperceptible in the monochrome imagery. Presumably, the stronger edges from color exploitation would enhance the performance of Auto-GADS, or at least aid an operator in manual operations. It is... Topics: DTIC Archive, Hemdal, John, ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST OF MICHIGAN ANN ARBOR IMAGE PROCESSING...

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This document establishes a baseline of DoD's conventions for implementing the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) X12 uniform standard for the electronic interchange of business transaction. The DoD transaction set conventions are defined. It includes the instructions for implementing the control structure and definitions of the usage indicators and applicable codes. In addition to the communication control structure, the EDI structure provides the... Topics: DTIC Archive, Henderson, Morey M, LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT INST BETHESDA MD, *CONTROL, CONTROL SYSTEMS,...

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The purpose of the work in this report was to develop spherical-shell sector windows of acrylic plastic for the deep-diving submersible ALVIN, which has a 12,000-foot depth capability. Free-formed, flanged, acrylic hemispherical shells with a nominal 27-in. median radius have been evaluated for service as external pressure hulls with a nominal 56-ft depth. Because the free-forming fabrication technique produces hemispheres, with variation in thickness and sphericity, uneven stress distribution... Topics: DTIC Archive, Stachiw, J D, NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA, *FLANGES, *MARINE ENGINEERING,...

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This research program is designed to address the critical need for data on the gas phase chemistry of solid propellants through the development and application of a Microprobe Mass Spectrometer (MPMS) system. The MPMS systems is being used to study the gas-phase chemistry occurring above solid propellant ingredients and actual solid propellants when they are heated and/or ignited by the heat flux from a Carbon dioxide laser. Currently the MPMS system uses quartz microprobes with orifice sizes... Topics: DTIC Archive, Litzinger, Thomas A, PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK, *SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION,...

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This report focuses on practices that offer opportunities to reduce mowing and other grounds maintenance costs. The primary practices that will be discussed include the use of low-maintenance vegetation, such as wildflowers and native grasses, and the use of chemical control, such as plant growth regulators. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to Army installations and other public land use agencies to compare the Army's mowing standards and practices to those of other agencies.... Topics: DTIC Archive, Peyman-Dove, Linda D, ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS...

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There is an increasing demand for Human Factors Engineering of aircrew tasks during the design and development of future aircraft cockpits and aircrew workstations. The extensive data-base of experimental research literature on human performance is of marginal value in aiding the design process. This paper outlines several techniques associated with the analysis and description of aircrew activities for use in prospective studies of aircrew task design. The techniques of protocol analysis,... Topics: DTIC Archive, Manton, J G, AERONAUTICAL RESEARCH LABS MELBOURNE (AUSTRALIA), *AIRCRAFT, MANAGEMENT,...

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For this report, a procedure was developed for defining clusters or sets of jobs based on their human ability requirements. The procedure combines several human performance taxomies into a flow-chart format, with the results defining the human abilities required for each type of performance. The procedure was tested by using it to establish job sets for a number of Army MOS. Topics: DTIC Archive, Rossmeissl, Paul, HAY SYSTEMS INC WASHINGTON DC, *JOBS, *PERFORMANCE(HUMAN), *ARMY,...

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Thin films deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) processes are generally in a state of mechanical stress, which can be regarded assumptionally as the sum of a external, thermal, and an intrinsic component. The external component can be neglected but a thermal component has to be considered, because of thermal input energies during film formation and possible differences in expansion between substrate and film material. The intrinsic component is understood to be the remaining structure... Topics: DTIC Archive, Pulker, H K, INNSBUCK UNIV (AUSTRIA) INST OF EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS, *STRESSES, INPUT,...

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This thesis records the method, results, and recommendations stemming from a sensitivity analysis performed on the output of the Janus(A) combat simulation. The analysis was based on a previous National Training Center (NTC) force-on-force(MILES instrumented) battle that was qualified as a Janus(A) scenario by TRAC-Monterey. The method involved four modifications to the qualified scenario and the use of a factorial experimental design. The factorial design was used to determine the presence of... Topics: DTIC Archive, Feil, Michael W, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *COMBAT SIMULATION,...

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The main purpose of this research is to develop a rigorous mathematical framework for the design of control laws for feedback stabilization and for controllability of the transient behavior of flexible structures based on distributed parameter models of such structures. This work has entailed deriving accurate distributed parameter models for elastic structures and understanding the implications of the various models for the controllability and stabilizability of structures. Substantial... Topics: DTIC Archive, Lagnese, John E, GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC, *CONTROL, *STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES,...

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One of the key implications of the fundamental changes currently underway in European security affairs has been the diminished importance of short-range nuclear forces (SNF) to NATO security requirements. The disintegration of the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact, and the scheduled withdrawal of the Soviet Western Group of Forces from eastern Germany by the end of 1994, combine to make the continued role of nuclear weapons in NATO strategy ambiguous. President Bush's September 27, 1991, initiative... Topics: DTIC Archive, Young, Thomas-Durell, ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA,...

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Operation Desert Shield/Storm provided an opportunity to test the planning for U.S. forces to operate in a low intensity conflict. Both operations provided the opportunity for the logistics community to observe how the support forces provided the required supplies to the forward combat forces. In response to customers' requests, the U.S. Transportation Command created Desert Express, a daily package express flight from Charleston, SC to Saudi Arabia. The research question addresses the how and... Topics: DTIC Archive, Thalheim, Thomas C, AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF SYSTEMS...

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The mechanisms for generation of single-event upsets (SEUs) in a linear charge-coupled device (CCD) were studied through irradiation with monoenergetic 5.48 MeV alpha particles from a very low flux (241)AM source. spatial correlation (cluster analysis) of soft errors due to single alpha particle hits was demonstrated to be a necessary prerequisite for quantitative analysis of different SEU error-generating phenomena. The Texas Instruments TC- 103 virtual phase CCD used in this study is shown to... Topics: DTIC Archive, Pepper, G T, DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT OTTAWA (ONTARIO), *IONIZING RADIATION,...

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In conventional relational database systems, a view is a virtual relation whose definition is stored in the systems catalog. When a query is issued on the view, the system retrieves the view from the catalog and modifies the query to an equivalent one on the base relations. Recently several approaches have been proposed that store some form of the computed view as a method for improving the performance of queries on relational database. This thesis develops a computer program to empirically... Topics: DTIC Archive, South, Jesse T, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *SOFTWARE ENGINEERING,...

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We present a model of how objects can be visually discriminated based on the extraction of depth from occlusion. Object discrimination requires consideration of both the binding problem and the problem of segmentation. We propose that the visual system binds contours and surfaces by identifying 'proto-objects' compact regions bounded by close contours. Proto-objects can then be linked into larger structures. The model is simulated by a system of interconnected neural networks. The networks have... Topics: DTIC Archive, Finkel, Leif H, PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA DEPT OF BIOENGINEERING, *DEPTH,...

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The Software Technology Economic Impact Model was developed by IDA for use in analyzing the effect that improvements in software technology have on the total DoD development and maintenance costs of weapon systems. The model displays the costs savings that result from three major sources: work avoidance, working smarter, and working faster. This user's manual gives instructions for installing and starting the model on an IBM or IBM-compatible PC or an Apple Macintosh computer. It also describes... Topics: DTIC Archive, Boehm, Barry W, INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA, *SOFTWARE ENGINEERING,...

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The TRAINS project is a long-term research effort on building an intelligent planning assistant that is conversationally proficient in natural language. The TRAINS project serves as an umbrella for research that involves pushing the state of the art in real-time planning, planning in uncertain worlds, plan monitoring and execution, natural language understanding techniques applicable to spoken language, and natural language dialog and discourse modelling. Significant emphasis is being put on... Topics: DTIC Archive, Allen, James F, ROCHESTER UNIV NY DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, *RAIL TRANSPORTATION,...

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Currently, there exist dozens of notations and techniques for the specification of software-level and system-level requirements. While there are unique aspects to every requirements notation and technique that make it appropriate for a particular use, there are also areas of commonality between them. To address the proliferation, a requirements model has been developed that singularly expresses the elements in multiple requirements notations and techniques. The objective of this model of... Topics: DTIC Archive, Jordan, Kathleen A, TELOS CORP SHREWSBURY NJ, *COMPUTER PROGRAMS, *PROTOTYPES,...