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Diseases, Medical Tests and Treatments

Low back pain or back pain in the lower back is a pathology caused by various factors, such as excessive stress or poor posture. Less common are low bLow back pain or back pain in the lower back is a pathology caused by various factors, such as excessive stress or poor posture. Less common are low back pain caused by more serious problems like herniated discs. The low back pain is usually because the lumbar spine, the final segment of the spine, has endured excessive weight. The main symptom of this injury is pain that is usually located in the lower back, and sometimes can reach legs. This pathology may cause alterations in the different structures that form the backbone as ligaments, muscles, spinal discs and vertebrae. In addition, low back pain can be accompanied by a muscular contraction in the area that limits the mobility of this body part.
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Articular injections are a treatment against joint pain that involves the injection of anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics improve joint mobil
Articular injections are a treatment against joint pain that involves the injection of anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics improve joint mobility. It is a simple faster and more lasting effects technique, minimally invasive and that obtained when the patient is a drug administered orally or intramuscularly. Infiltrations are usually used to tackle pain more directly and prevent the drug is distributed throughout the body. Infiltrations for joint pain are often used to relieve symptoms, both chronic and acute pain of diseases such as artritris, osteoarthritis, bursitis epicondylitis or that involve inflammation of joints or structures that surround them.
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Neuropathic pain occurs by the presence of an injury or disease of the peripheral or central nervous system. Neuropathy can be painless, just as pain Neuropathic pain occurs by the presence of an injury or disease of the peripheral or central nervous system. Neuropathy can be painless, just as pain can exist without evidence of nerve injury. Neuropathic pain, therefore, can be defined as an unpleasant sensation or emotional experience associated with dysfunction or nervous system injury. In addition, next to the neurological pain, many patients suffer from insomnia, constipation, loss of appetite, anxiety, vomiting, weakness or discomfort in the mouth. Besides, the peripheral neuropathic pain or chronic neuropathic pain is the result of damage to peripheral nerves that usually cause numbness and pain in the hands and feet, and tingling or burning.
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Radiofrequency is a specific treatment of varicose veins consisting seal them and close them without having to be removed. The technique is performed by accessing the inside of the affected vein through a small incision of about 2 mm and introducing a catheter leads to the point of origin of venous insufficiency. At this level, closing heat layered anger insufficient glass is introduced. Meanwhile, a substance is injected as foam called polidocanol. Thanks to this technique radiofrequency varices with microfoam, these can be treated without being extracted from the body getting in a controlled and gradual increase fibrosis of the vessel lumen until completely dry. To remove varicose veins with foam local anesthesia is used.
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The pain of sciatica is produced by inflammation or injury of the sciatic nerve, sometimes caused by the compression in muscle contractures, for disk displacement of the column or by a narrowing of the nerve canal. Often cause radiating pain that extends from the back, down the leg, even to the foot. The muscles around the area is usually acquired before the pain worsened the situation. At other times it is the record of the column that moves backwards, pressing the nerve. In these cases, the realization of exercises recommended postural reeducation through the strengthening of the abdominal muscles, as one of the possible solutions. Other symptoms of sciatica are cramps and spasms in the back of the hip to the knee pain sensation of electric shock situation can change quickly, or severe pain that limits mobility.
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Acupuncture is a treatment that is performed by inserting thin needles into energy points of the body for therapeutic purposes to correct energy imbalances or blood flows in many cases are causing disease. It is also used for the relief of pain and imbalances related to the musculoskeletal, respiratory, gastrointestinal and neural system as well as for relaxation and physical and mental strain. This type of treatment comes from traditional Chinese medicine and some medical centers Western medicine is adapting and introducing some of their bases, identifying the key points to include the application of acupuncture treatments, while following the principles of neurophysiology and anatomy.
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As its name suggests, the biofeedback is the feedback from different parts of our body. This technique is indicated for systemic improvement of the patient's disease or correction through various methods. The most popular are electronic devices that emit visual and auditory signals of biological changes or abnormal physiological states and on which a patient is often not aware of, such as arrhythmias or changes in heart rate, blood pressure, changes in speed pulse, etc. With these techniques the patient may be aware of some unusual conditions of his body tuning their bodily functions and thus gain control over their own states. Biofeedback is often used to treat cardiovascular, respiratory, neuromuscular, gastrointestinal, circulatory disorders, psychosomatic illnesses and stress states.
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Denervation with botulinum toxin (botox) involves injecting a tiny amount of Botox in the area to be treated. When the toxin is injected into a specific area, the transmission of nerve impulses to the muscle becomes paralyzed. As a result, the muscle in question is paralyzed, but this effect is always transient and reversible, offering a maximum of three months or so. Currently, this treatment is particularly suitable for controlling cervical dystonia or spasmodic torticollis, which is carrying out a rotation of the head as a result of dystonic spasms in the neck muscles. Despite the benefits of this treatment, it is not a final solution in any case. ...

The stenosis is a narrowing of the spinal canal that puts pressure on the spinal cord and roots. When located in the lower part of the spinal column it is known as lumbar canal stenosis, while when the narrowing occurs in the top of the column is called cervical canal stenosis. The lumbar and cervical areas are usually being the most affected, although the narrowing channel does not cause pain if not compress any nerve structure. The spinal stenosis often occur gradually by the aging process, due to the deformation of bones and tissues around the spinal canal. Usually begins to affect people over 50 years, although it also occurs in young people with a spinal trauma. The treatment of various types of spinal stenosis is usually based on the use of medications (anti-inflammatories or steroids) to reduce pain and inflammation with rest time, or physical therapy. Surgery is recommended only where nerve compression which progressively worsens. ...

There are two types of pain:acute and chronic. Acute arises when there is an injury or pathology and usually lasts until the body heals the injury or illness. In contrast, chronic pain lasts much longer, months or even years. Because of its long duration, patients with chronic pain often suffer depression, irritation and low self esteem. The main causes of this type of pain are degenerative and inflammatory processes, ie, arthrosis and arthritis. Spain occupies a privileged ranking incidence of chronic pain instead, because it has the fewest number of people affected by this disease. Pain treatment is performed with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, weak opioids and paracetamol, depending on the severity of symptoms.
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Diabetic neuropathic pain is pain that some patients may develop diabetes due to high blood glucose levels. These high levels can damage many body organs, including the nerves that carry impulses to the brain. While some people with pain from diabetes have no symptoms, others have pain, tingling or numbness in the extremities. Such symptoms can occur in any organ system, including the digestive tract, heart and sexual organs. This pain in diabetic patients is due to decompensation of the disease for a period of time. Pain management for diabetes is to maintain a good condition of the patient care during illness and try to reverse the values ​​of blood glucose until they return to normal. ...

The diathermocoagulation is a diathermy type consisting of a therapeutic method of cauterizing tissue or heating based on the use of different high frequency current for coagulation cell treated area. Generally this treatment is used in various types of disorders or diseases: surgery and is applied in various treatments such as deep tissue removal or excision of cervical polyps, as well as the destruction of some pathological structures which can be generated in different organs such as the bladder, digestive tract, etc; dermatology used for repairing various skin lesions such as warts, or destruction of angiomas, warts, fibroids, among others. The advantages of this technique is that it manages coagulation and removing tissue causing minimal damage to the surrounding areas. ...

The disc prosthesis is implanted artificial disc between two vertebrae in the natural disc substitution of a person, whose flexible structure acts as a load distributor point and allows the harmonic motion of the spine. To replace the disc with a prosthesis of lumbar disc to encourage mobility, the use of prosthetic surgery is required. In addition, there are two types of dentures: full, made of steel (sometimes with a plastic part) replacing all components of the disk; and partial, that only replaces the disc nucleus is formed and various plastics. Lumbar disc prosthesis is being used increasingly in some patients with severe back pain (degenerative disc disease).
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The diskectomy is a surgery that is performed when the patient has a herniated disk in one of his spine. That is, when the pad to help separate the vertebrae (bones of the spine) has emerged, wholly or partially, from its place. This causes back pain that spreads to the legs and causes severe muscle weakness. The surgical procedure can remove part or all of this pad to end the pain. To carried out the surgery (which takes about two hours) hospitalization and spinal or general anesthesia is required. The specialist makes a cut in the back and through a microscope, locate damaged discs; once removed, suture the wound with stitches or staples.
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The epidural injection is a treatment by which an anti-inflammatory medication injected directly into the spinal canal. This procedure is often used to treat back pain, sciatica and, in general, any illness or injury including inflammation of the discs, nerves and ligaments of the lumbar spine. To apply this treatment, before inserting the needle with the anti-inflammatory injection is usually done with a dye and checked through the X-ray is proceeding properly. Also, it is usual to have to apply several injections to achieve the symptoms disappear completely. ...

The epiduroplastia is an effective and minimally invasive imaging of potential problems or conditions present within the backbone system. It involves inserting a catheter and a small video camera within the column. The vision of the nerves and fibrotic tissue is obtained with the camera or fluoroscopy. Furthermore, through the catheter can be injected an anti-inflammatory drug. This is an appropriate treatment to treat inflammation of vertebrae, back pain or chronic cases of narrowing of the spinal canal. Besides, it is a painless procedure that does not require hospitalization. ...

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease that causes pain throughout the body and tenderness in joints, muscles, tendons and other soft tissues. The origin of this disease is unknown, but may trigger their appearance several factors including a physical or emotional trauma, bacterial or viral infection or concurrent disease such as rheumatoid arthritis. As in polimiosiotis or idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, fibriomalgia generates fatigue and muscle pain throughout the body, in addition to sleep and depression in general disorder. The treatment of this disease is intended to relieve pain and combat the sleep disorder with medication and relaxation techniques. It is also recommended moderate physical exercise to keep muscles active and triggers for depression is advisable to follow a psychological treatment.
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Growth factors are proteins of multiple types, as cells that manufacture, which empelan by its regenerative and anti-inflammatory capacity. In practice trauma Growth Factors platelet derived for preventing and treating injuries its wide action in cells of various tissues are applied.
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The pain caused by herpes zoster is due to a disease caused by reactivation of the chickenpox virus in childhood. Having spent the disease, the virus remains dormant and reactive and sometimes certain areas like the face, neck, back, hands .... When it arises again, the herpes that affects the peripheral nerves appears and skin, causing pain, swelling and redness of the skin, where small vesicles or painful blisters grouped in the territory of a nerve are generated. In this phase of the outbreak lesions they are highly contagious, then the vesicles dry and scabs that can sometimes leave scars form. The main consequence is pain following herpes disease (post-herpetic neuralgia), and you can still have residual pain for months or years. ...

The infusion pump is a device for administering drugs or medical products for the treatment of elevated pressure. Using these infusion pumps the drug enters through an active drive mechanism. Using this system allows the administration of high viscosity drugs via small catheters that are introduced into the vein. For the application of the drug by this technique, in addition to preparing the substance, it is required to calculate the speed of adequate perfusion. The areas most used to administer medication through the infusion pumps are the dorsal venous network of the hand, forearm, antecubital fossa, arm, dorsal venous network of foot and groin. ...

Joint pain is usually caused by diseases such as arthritis, osteoarthritis and rheumatism. This type of joint pain are those of the musculoskeletal system and are often caused by inflammation due to internal bleeding in the joints, wear the same that produces friction, or a combination of both. The pain can affect the structures surrounding the joint, such as ligaments, bones, tendons, muscles, etc. Other symptoms of this type of pain are discomfort and fatigue in a particular area of ​​the body, punctures and heaviness. Depending on the location of the joint, pain may cause limitation of motion, and depending on the severity of the injury can occur joint swelling or warmth and redness in the area.
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The spinal column consists of 33 vertebrae that protect the spinal cord, so-called separated by intervertebral discs. When one of these discs is compressed, it can be fragmented and press on a nerve of the spinal cord, causing pain of varying severity depending on the location of the damaged disc. The lumbar laminectomy is a surgical procedure for the removal of part of the vertebra that is causing pressure on the spinal nerves or spinal cord to relieve pain it causes. The most common surgery is called laminectomy lumbar decompressive laminectomy, and involves removing the blade vertebra, increasing the space for the nerves in the spinal canal. In contrast, the posterior cervical laminectomy is the procedure in which the surgeon makes an incision in the back half of the neck to remove the blade of a bone vertebral arch, which depending on the case will require the removal of the entire damaged disk or a part. ...

The profusion of lidocaine is a treatment by which a local anesthetic (lidocaine) intravenously to cause pain blocking the particular area you want treated is supplied. A catheter inserted through a vein in the analgesic is administered for about 60 or 90 minutes, while heart rate and blood pressure is controlled, as this drug may cause cardiac abnormalities. The action of lidocaine is blocking nerve transmission of pain to the brain preventing pain signals. This treatment is particularly suitable to treat post-herpetic pain and pain associated with fibromyalgia. ...

Lumbar disc hernia is an injury caused by degeneration or wear of the intervertebral discs of the spine, which act as shock absorbers between the vertebrae. Lumbar hernia is one of the most common and causes compression or irritation of the nerve root, which often just manifesting as sciatic nerve pain, depending on the position and size of the hernia. The main causes of herniated discs are articulate aging, trauma or prolonged exertion. In addition, there are risk factors that favor its appearance, such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle or snuff. Treatment varies depending on the severity of the case, and can be solved with temporary resting, drug administration, rehabilitation exercises or even surgery, it indicated only for patients who do not respond to other treatments and the pain persists markedly. A herniated disc L4 the level of injury when the pain radiates from the front of the thigh, no loss of sensation in the inside of the leg and foot, and causes weakness in the knee. L5 level of injury occurs when the pain radiates down the back of the thigh and there is a loss of sensation in the side wall of the calf and the back of the foot. Therefore, disc herniation L4 and L5 can be distinguished by the symptoms they cause.
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The fixation of the lumbar spine is a type recommended for the treatment of fractures, degenerative instability, tumors and other medical conditions that prevent lumbar spine surgery is stable. This is the latest hopeful as when other treatments (such as belts, massage, postural improvement measures, anti-inflammatory and acquisition of appropriate weight) have not borne fruit. Is the assessment of the lumbar spine using bone grafts from the patient to be placed with the help of metal implants, among which the pedicle screws. It is a delicate surgery that usually takes four to six hours and is performed mostly under general anesthesia. It specifies rehabilitation intervention complementary to surgery.
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One of the biggest problems of spine surgery are multiple incisions that must be made to reach this part of the body and, therefore, the subsequent scarring, a large blood loss and long-term interventions. Therefore, every time is often used more surgery minimally invasive spine, whenever possible as sequelae resulting are smaller, smaller scars, damage to the muscle mass is minimal and achieves rapid recovery patient. Furthermore, the results of such operations are the same as traditional surgery. Therefore, the minimally invasive spine surgery is most recommended for patients provided they are suitable so that she could make features.
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Neck pain is that which occurs at the top of the column, in the cervical spine. It is a pain produced generally by trauma, disease, progressive deterioration, poor posture or emotional stress. Specifically, the neck pain can be caused by any irregularity or tension in this area of ​​the spine, in the muscles, ligaments, nerves or disks, as in the vertebrae and their joints. The symptoms of neck pain can be of varying degrees, from mild discomfort to a sharp, sudden and severe pain. You can also become a chronic neck pain when it lasts more than three months and usually more common in women than in men. Besides, in patients suffering from neck pain and persistent headache it is recommended consultation with a doctor and physiotherapy.
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Medullary neurostimulation is a technique suitable for the treatment of chronic, neuropathic and lumbar, or pain of migraines. It involves the application of an electric field to get nervous interrupt the transmission of pain to the affected area system. The treatment is performed by a generator through electrodes placed on the skin of the treatment area, it transmits following peripheral nerve impulses. These electrical impulses are designed to relieve pain without creating a muscle spasm. Therefore, the intensity, frequency and current amplitude in each treatment adapted according to requirements and to treat symptoms of each patient. ...

The orofacial pain is discomfort caused by mouth and face injuries. These impulses are sent to the brain via the trigeminal nerve. The pain may be mucosal, dental or chewing, depending on the source where it is produced. The mucous orofacil pain usually caused by snuff, alcohol or dentures, dental decay originates and chewing, more common in women, is related to bruxism, joint injuries and loss of teeth.
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Pain is an unpleasant feeling of discomfort and physical suffering that develops in the central nervous system by an internal or external cause of the body. It can be sharp or dull, intermittent or constant, and can affect a particular part of the body or the board. Because pain is a symptom, it can help diagnose an illness or injury, because if a patient did not feel it, you would not realize that it has hurt or suffering from any disease. To relieve pain, different treatments, such as analgesics, acupuncture or surgery, depending on the cause are used.
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Pain treatment is supportive therapy that tries to alleviate the pain casuan certain diseases. The most common are headaches or migraines, back pain or joint. It is a subspecialty that address various specialists such as anesthesiologists, neurosurgeons, psychologists, rehabilitation, tramatólogos or acupuncturists.
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The nerve block is a treatment to prevent the transmission of pain through the nervous system. It involves administration of pain medication through a needle or injection to achieve the elimination of pain impulses that lead to receiving centers. This system is particularly responsible for dealing with peripheral nerves located in a given area. Furthermore, this method for blocking peripheral nerves plants is frequently supplemented by performing a fluoroscopy (a method of obtaining X-ray images in real time) or CAT (computerized axial tomography) which allows the physician to place the needle in the right place. The effects of this technique are usually immediate but not lasting. Besides, depending on the severity of each patient, some people need several sessions to get real pain relief.
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Radiofrequency denervation is a procedure to modify and decrease the perception of pain by applying voltage changes in the nervous tissue that produces it. This technique involves the use of electrodes connected to a broadcast system that manage radio waves cauterize the nerve responsible for the pain, through the heat emitted. It is a treatment that works well for pain in the joints of the neck, and is also used in the treatment of neck pain or to treat low back pain. To first determine if the nerves of the joints are causing pain injections a lock can be applied to these nerves and watch for pain relief.
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It reflects sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) is a painful condition called neuropathic complex (CRPS) that usually affects the extremities regional syndrome, but also to any other body part. The DSR is caused by damage to a nerve or tissue that does not follow a normal healing as the sympathetic system remains altered after injury. It can occur after a blow or a fracture and is accompanied by inflammation, abnormal temperature and skin coloration. This disorder is accompanied by a continuous and persistent pain in the affected limb, and pain due to cramps and mild rubbing or contact. This type of pain can last several months but there is no laboratory test to diagnose RSD or CRPS; Therefore the physician must evaluate the symptoms with the aim to establish a diagnosis. ...

Rheumatism is the common name given to the musculoskeletal disorders that affect one or more structures such as ligaments, tendons, muscles, bones, etc. Generally, the pain associated with rheumatic diseases is caused by wear of articular cartilage, inflammation of a joint or bone decalcification. Also, rheumatic pain may occur from the same joint or from situades structures around it, such as muscles, tendons, etc. It can also appear only in joint movement or be persistent becoming so annoying as to prevent sleep. Besides, rheumatoid arthritis can occur in more than one joint and causes pain, swelling and stiffness.
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Rhizolysis is a noninvasive surgical technique to address back pain through several punctures in the area of ​​the spine to be treated without hospitalization. Rhizolysis involves destruction by radiofrequency pulses of nerve endings that transmit pain originating in the joints that connect two vertebrae sí.La rhizotomy is performed in the operating room with the patient lying face down (in the case of rhizolysis lumbar and dorsal rhizotomy) or lying face up (in case of neck pain). This treatment is indicated in cases of pain caused by movement in which not affected the nerves exiting the spine to the limbs.
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Transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) is a noninvasive technique that involves applying a low frequency electric current on nerve fibers in the skin to ease the pain. This treatment uses a mild current in order to prevent nerve cells from bone pain transmitted to the brain. The aim is to stimulate other nerve endings in the skin release a substance that relieves pain nerves generate a natural analgesic substances (beta-endorphins) and prevent bone cells that perceive pain are activated. The stimulation has to be regulated in intensity and frequency in each case and patient, and the pulse period and rest. ...

Treatment with morphine reduces pain intensity and is indicated for acute phases of crisis, chronic cases of oncological diseases or postoperative processes. These medications have a powerful calming effects but can also have some serious side effects such as drowsiness, impaired judgment, decreased reflexes and constipation, among others. They can lead to dependence if administered over a prolonged period of time. However, the balance between benefits, risks and drawbacks is uncertain because of the lack of data on its efficacy and long term safety, and physical and psychological dependence lead. In any case, this treatment should only be administered under medical prescription. ...

Vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure for treating acute spinal fractures. In vertebroplasty a cement mixture into the fractured bone is injected through a hollow needle. Typically, vertebroplasty is recommended when have failed other less invasive treatments (such as rest a back support or analgesics) or when medications have begun to cause unwanted side effects such as ulcers or stomach problems.
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