The Omnibus Decentralization Act (2000) was enforced in April, 2000 and as a result, Japanese local governments’ legal authority was expanded. Japanese local governments have made sufficient use of legislation and other legal means in the field of environmental administration and urban development administration. Recently, they have also made use of such means in the fields of welfare administration and information administration. But in the field of personnel administration, such utilization is not clear. Personnel administration is said to be at the base of administration. Are local governments in Japan making use of legislation and other legal means in the field of personnel administration to realize their policy during this time of decentralization? I investigated the legislation and operations of Japanese local governments to clarify this. Particularly, I focused on the regulations of Personnel Commissions which have not attracted attention in previous studies. As a result, in all fields of personnel administration, that is appointment, personnel training, personnel evaluation, and remuneration, I discovered that Japanese local governments have been making use of their legislation and other legal means to realize their policy. This result fills in a conventional blank. It means that in order to realize their policy local governments in Japan do indeed make use of their legislation and other legal means in the field of personnel administration too, as in other fields.