Constitution of India an Overview

The Constitution
of Indiais
the absolute law of India which lays down the framework defining fundamental political principles. It also establishes the structure, procedures, powers and duties of
government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principlesand
the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution
in the world.

Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar is regarded as the
chief architect of Indian Constitution. Basically , Constitution is the only living document, an instrument which makes
the government system work. The constitution applies to all the states, Union Territories. Jammu & Kashmir isthe only state, where constitution applies with certain exceptions and modifications as provided in Article 370, The Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954.

The list of drafting committee associates of Constitution of India are:

Sir Benegal Narsing Rau was appointed as the constitutional adviser. He later became First Indian Judge in International Court of Justice in 1950.

Other Committee members:

B L Mitter resigned from the committee. He was replaced by Madhav Rao (Legal Advisor of Maharaja of Vadodara).

D P Khaitan passed away and was replaced by T T Krishnamachari.

The archetypal Constitution of India is not an original one. The best brains of our country collaborated the finest features from the constitutions of other countries and modified it further as per the Indian conditions as well as to to avoid any defect.

From U.K.

Nominal Head – President

Cabinet System of Ministers

Post of PM

Parliamentary Type of Govt.

Bicameral Parliament

Lower House more authoritarian

Council of Ministers responsible to Lowe House

Speaker in Lok Sabha

From U.S.

Written Constitution

Executive head of state known as President and his being the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces

Vice- President as the ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha

Fundamental Rights

Apex Court

Provision of States

Independence of Judiciary and judicial review

Preamble

Removal of Supreme court and High court Judges

From USSR

Fundamental Duties

Five year Plan

From AUSTRALIA

Concurrent list

Language of the preamble

Provision regarding trade, commerce and intercourse

From JAPAN

Law on which the Supreme Court function

From WEIMAR CONSTITUTION OF GERMANY

Suspension of Fundamental Rights during the emergency

From CANADA

Scheme of federation with a strong Centre

Distribution of powers between Centre and the states and placing. Residuary Powers with the Centre

From IRELAND

Concept of Directive Principles of States Policy(Ireland borrowed it from SPAIN)

Method of election of President

Nomination of members in the Rajya Sabha by the President.

According to The Preamble of Constitution :-

WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA,
having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a 1 SOVEREIGN
SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its
citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of
thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status
and of opportunity; and to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring
the dignity of the individual and the 2 [unity and integrity of the
Nation]; IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty sixth day of
November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES this Constitution.

To look at the updated Constitution of India to know about your Rights, Duties, and what our political system consists of, Click Here