A friend pointed out yesterday that Rhodes might have been called Rhodus by the Romans. I looked into this and it seems that Rhodus is the Greek version of the name (which means that actually half the empire would have called it by this name).

However, it raises an important point, which is how we decide what to call cities / places. I'm not bothered as to what method we use, as long as we are consistent. To my mind, we should just use the Latin names for everywhere on the map, unless there is no accurate Latin name - I'm thinking of maybe some cities in the Hindu Kush that may well have been unknown to the Romans.