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Abstract

This thesis presents the analysis and interpretation of four microearthquake clusters near geothermal and petroleum reservoirs. One cluster was induced during a controlled hydraulic fracture experiment conducted by Atlantic Richfield Corporation (ARCO). The other three clusters occurred near geothermal fields in western Italy during condensate reinjection.
Analysis of events induced during ARCO's Deep Well Treatment and Injection project demonstrated "; real-time "; hypocenter modeling for hydraulic fracture diagnostics. The injection produced a hydraulic fracture that exhibited strong spatial asymmetry, Analysis of the results suggest that the phenomenon of "; screenout "; may be one mechanism contributing to the observed seismicity's spatial and temporal characteristics and the direction of the asymmetric failure may be related to heterogeneities in formation depositional rtructures.
A swarm of events in 1993 near the northern boundary of the Larderello Geothermal field occurred just below an important regional seismic reflector known as the "; K "; horizon. The distribution of events suggests that seismic slip on steeply dipping, northwest-southeast striking Tortonian age normal faults could account for the observations and that high pressure fluids circulating in the fracture zone of the "; K "; horizon cause stress changes and slip on localized patches of the faults. Due to the relative depth of this swarm, compared to
2
reservoir depths, this cluster was attributed to the natural geodynamics of this complex area,

Copyright

This record is the front matter from a document that appears on a server at MIT and is used through permission from MIT.

Country

United States

Language

English (United States)

This text was extracted from a PDF file.

This is the abbreviated version, containing approximately
13% of the total text.

Page 1 of 10

This record is the front matter from a document that appears on a server at MIT and is used through permission from MIT. See
http://theses.mit.edu:80/Dienst/UI/2.0/Describe/0018.mit.theses/1999-86 for copyright details and for the full document in image
form.

Analysis and Interpretation of Clustered Microseismicity at Geothermal
and Petroleum Reservoirs

by

Shirley A. Rieven Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
in Geophysics

Analysis and interpretation of clustered microseismicity at geothermal and petroleum reservoirs

Analysis and Interpretation of Clustered Microseismicity at Geothermal and Petroleum
Reservoirs

by

Shirley A. Rieven

Submitted to the Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences on February 17,
1999 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in
Geophysics

ABSTRACT

This thesis presents the analysis and interpretation of four microearthquake clusters near
geothermal and petroleum reservoirs. One cluster was induced during a controlled hydraulic
fracture experiment conducted by Atlantic Richfield Corporation (ARCO). The other three
clusters occurred near geothermal fields in western Italy during condensate reinjection.

Analysis of events induced during ARCO's Deep Well Treatment and Injection project
demonstrated " real-time " hypocenter modeling for hydraulic fracture diagnostics. The injection
produced a hydraulic fracture that exhibited strong spatial asymmetry, Analysis of the results
suggest that the phenomenon of " screenout " may be one mechanism contributing to the
observed seismicity's spatial and temporal characteristics and the direction of the asymmetric
failure may be related to heterogeneities in formation depositional rtructures.

A swarm of events in 1993 near the northern boundary of the Larderello Geothermal field
occurred just below an important regional seismic reflector known as the " K " horizon. The
distribution of events suggests that seismic slip on steeply dipping, northwest-southeast striking
Tortonian age normal faults could account for the observations and that high pressure fluids
circulating in the fracture zone of the " K " horizon cause stress changes and slip on localized
patches of the faults. Due to the relative depth of this swarm, compared to

reservoir depths, this cluster was attributed to the natural geodynamics of this complex area,