The thirty-fifth Oregon Legislative Assembly convened in 1929 for its biennial regular session, starting January 14 and finishing March 4. Republicans not only controlled both chambers, but also held overwhelming majorities. Only four Democrats, two in the House and two in the Senate, were members of the thirty-fifth Legislative Assembly. The body held no special sessions; no such sessions were held at all between 1921 and 1933.[1]

1.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci

2.
Oregon State Capitol
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The Oregon State Capitol is the building housing the state legislature and the offices of the governor, secretary of state, and treasurer of the U. S. state of Oregon. It is located in the capital, Salem. The current building, constructed from 1936 to 1938, and expanded in 1977, is the third to house the Oregon state government in Salem, two former capitol buildings were destroyed by fire, one in 1855 and the other in 1935. New York architects Trowbridge & Livingston conceived the current structures Art Deco, stripped classical design, much of the interior and exterior is made of marble. The Oregon State Capitol was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988, the Public Works Administration, part of the U. S. government, partially financed construction, which was completed during the Great Depression, in 1938. The building was erected at a cost of $2.5 million for the portion of the building. The wings, which doubled the space of the building to about 233,750 square feet, were added later for $12.5 million. The grounds outside the building contain artwork, fountains, and flora, including the state tree. Before the creation of the Oregon Territory in 1848, the Oregon Country provisional government, through legislation on June 27,1844 and December 19,1845, thus Oregons first capitol was in Oregon City. One of the buildings used by this government was constructed by John L. Morrison in 1850. The designation of Oregon City as the seat of power was by proclamation of Governor Joseph Lane, in 1850, the legislature passed an act designating Salem the capital. However, Governor John P. Gaines refused to relocate and remained in Oregon City along with the Oregon Supreme Court until an act of Congress on May 14,1852 settled the matter in Salems favor. On January 13,1855, the Oregon Territorial Legislature passed a bill moving the seat of government from Salem to Corvallis, Governor George Law Curry and many others objected to the move, since public buildings in Salem were already under construction. Curry sent the matter to the Secretary of the Treasury in Washington, thereafter, Curry and Oregon Secretary of State Benjamin Harding moved back to Salem. On December 3,1855, the legislature convened in Corvallis and this bill passed on December 15,1855. Three days later, the legislature re-convened in Salem, however, the statehouse burned down on the 29th, and the legislature re-opened debate about where to seat the capital. They decided to ask the people of the territory to vote on the question, a vote was to be held in June 1856, after which the two cities receiving the most votes would have a runoff. The initial vote set up a runoff between Eugene and Corvallis, but after some ballots were invalidated due to not being cast in accordance with the law, an October runoff gave Eugene the most votes, but the earlier vote-tossing led to a low turnout

3.
Oregon State Senate
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The Oregon State Senate is the upper house of the statewide legislature for the US state of Oregon. Along with the lower chamber Oregon House of Representatives it makes up the Oregon Legislative Assembly, there are 30 members of the State Senate, representing 30 districts across the state, each with a population of 114,000. The State Senate meets at the Oregon State Capitol in Salem, Oregon State Senators serve four-year terms without term limits. In 2002, the Oregon Supreme Court struck down the decade-old Oregon Ballot Measure 3, the current Senate President is Peter Courtney of Salem. Instead, a position of Senate President is in place. If the chamber is tied, legislators must devise their own methods of resolving the impasse, in 2002, for example, Oregons state senators entered into a power sharing contract whereby Democratic senators nominated the Senate President while Republican senators chaired key committees. Kathryn Clarke was the first woman to serve in Oregons Senate, women became eligible to run for the Oregon state legislature in 1914 and later that year Clarke was appointed to fill a vacant seat in Douglas county by her cousin, governor Oswald West. Following some controversy concerning whether West had the authority to appoint someone to fill the vacancy and she took office five years before the 19th Amendment to the US constitution protected the right of all US women to vote. In 1982, Mae Yih became the first Chinese American elected to a state senate in the United States, during the 2011 legislative session, the House and Senate passed Senate Bill 989, which implemented new legislative districts for the 2012 elections and beyond

4.
A. W. Norblad
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Albin Walter Norblad, Sr. was a prominent citizen of Astoria, Oregon, United States, and the 19th Governor of Oregon from 1929 to 1931. He was the father of A. Walter Norblad, member of the United States House of Representatives from Oregons 1st Congressional District from 1946 to 1964, Norblad was born in 1881 in Malmö. His parents were Peter and Bessie Youngsberg, the familys last name was changed by the Swedish Government to avoid confusion in military records. The family emigrated to the United States while Albin was very young, settling in Grand Rapids, at age 12, Albin decided to support himself, mostly by means of odd jobs. He would later recount that the most notable jobs held during this time were newsboy, hot dog vendor and he managed to earn enough money to return to Grand Rapids, taking night classes at the Grand Rapids Business College. After earning enough credits there, Norblad was able enroll at the University of Chicago Law School, graduating in 1902, he quickly passed the bar exam and moved back to Michigan. Once in Michigan, he set up a law firm, and was elected District Attorney for Delta County, while visiting Oregon on business in 1908, Norblad met with an old friend who invited him to live in Astoria. He accepted, and moved with his wife, Edna Lyle Cates Norblad and he began practicing law, and became involved in the community. His first government office in Oregon was as Astorias city attorney from 1910–1915 and he would also become a member of the local school board, and President of the Astoria Chamber of Commerce. Outside politics Norblad was involved in many fraternal and civic organizations, with a prominent local political profile, Norblad went on to run for a seat in the Oregon State Senate in 1918, and served in the Senate starting in 1919. Re-elected in 1920, he attempted a run for Oregons At-large U. S. House seat in 1922. He was succeeded in the Senate by W. S. Kinney in 1923 and he served as President of the Oregon State Senate in 1929, placing him as second in the states then-official line of gubernatorial succession. The death of sitting Governor Isaac Patterson on December 21,1929, the governor had apparently been recovering since contracting pneumonia late in his third year in office. Thus Senate President Albin Norblad was sworn in promptly as governor, as soon as he was inaugurated, he declared his intent to run for the Republican gubernatorial nomination. Taking office during the Great Depression, Norblads first attempts to improve conditions in the state were largely ineffective, freed from having to contest an election, Norblad began focusing his attention on the economic situation in the state. He formed the states first labor commission, later to become the modern Employment Department, in order to put men back to work, he authorized $2 million worth of road construction, and succeeded in employing 5,000 workers. The Oregon Coast Highway was begun under his leadership, another $3 million was spent upgrading publicly owned facilities around the state. The Governor also took a role in pardons and labor disputes

5.
Oregon Republican Party
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The Oregon Republican Party is the state affiliate of the United States Republican Party in Oregon, headquartered in Wilsonville. The platform opposes abortion, physician-assisted suicide, and same-sex marriage, throughout 1856, abolitionist sentiment continue to grow in Oregon, with Republican clubs springing up around the state. Republican county conventions were held in Clackamas, Washington, Marion, Linn, the Republicans did not nominate a candidate for Representative to Congress in the June 1857 election, instead pooling their support for G. W. Lawson, a Free Soil Democrat who was running as an independent, Oregon would be neither a slave state nor one open to black immigration — a law remaining on the books into the 20th Century. The Democratic Party found itself divided with the coming of the American Civil War between pro- and anti-Union elements, with the nation embroiled in war, pro-Union Democrats and Republicans put aside their differences at a fusion convention in April 1862, establishing themselves as the Union Party. This joint political organization would continue in Oregon through four elections under the Union Party banner, the party, as one historian colorfully noted, began to grow like the plant that sprang up from the mustard seed. An alliance of Republicans and pro-Union Democrats in the Oregon State Legislature came together in 1860 to elect Edward Dickinson Baker as the first Republican U. S, an era of Republican dominance in Oregon was begun. Senator Bakers fate did not prove to be a happy one, when the Civil War began in 1861, Baker raised his own militia, in which he served as commanding officer. On October 21,1861, with Congress out of session, Colonel Baker and his men met Confederate forces on a hill called Balls Bluff just outside Washington, shortly after the battle started Baker was killed along with nearly 1,000 others. Despite the untimely death of Oregons first Senator, E. D, Baker would hardly be the last. The party believes that every person has a right to life. The party also opposes taxpayer funding for abortion. S, the party believes in lower taxes, free market, sound monetary policy and non government involvement. The party believes in minimal government intervention and that all regulation should strive to cause the least harm to human resource, the party opposes abortion, assisted suicide and human trafficking. The party believes that foreign relations should be based on the security of the United States, the party believes that the government should exercise fiscal responsibility and there should be no unfunded mandates or bailouts. The party supports health care reforms that lower costs, eliminate government barriers and they support the repeal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The party recognizes the benefits of immigration, opposes amnesty, supports English as the official language. It believes the right to vote should only be earned through naturalization, the party stands for the protection of individual rights. The party opposes age-based discrimination and taxation of Social Security income and it supports permanent separation of Social Security funds from the general fund, and believes that all pensions except Social Security should be taxed equally

6.
Oregon House of Representatives
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The Oregon House of Representatives is the lower house of the Oregon Legislative Assembly. There are 60 members of the House, representing 60 districts across the state, the House meets at the Oregon State Capitol in Salem. Members of the House serve two-year terms without term limits, in 2002, the Oregon Supreme Court struck down the decade-old law, Oregon Ballot Measure 3, that had restricted State Representatives to 3 terms on procedural grounds. In the current legislative session, Democrat Tina Kotek from Portland serves as Speaker, after losing several seats in the 2010 elections, resulting in a split control between both parties for one legislative term, Democrats regained their majority in the 2012 elections. Meanwhile, the Oregon State Senate has been under continuous Democratic control since 2005

7.
Roseburg, Oregon
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Roseburg is a city in the U. S. state of Oregon. It is located in the Umpqua River Valley in southern Oregon and is the county seat, founded 166 years ago, in 1851, the population was 21,181 at the 2010 census, making it the principal city of the Roseburg, Oregon Micropolitan Statistical Area. The community developed along both sides of the South Umpqua River and is traversed by Interstate 5, traditionally a lumber industry town, Roseburg is the home of Roseburg Forest Products. The city was named for settler Aaron Rose, who established a homestead within the current city limits on September 23,1851, Rose was born in 1813 in Ulster County, New York. In 1851, he came to Oregon from Coldwater, Michigan, originally, guests could use the floor of the front room to spread their beds or were able to sleep out of doors under nearby oak trees. His first structure served as an inn and tavern for many years. Rose built a hotel in 1853. Roseburg was first known as Deer Creek because it was at the confluence of Deer Creek, in 1854, voters chose Roseburg as the county seat over rival town Winchester. Rose donated 3 acres of land and $1,000 for the building of the county courthouse, Deer Creek post office was established in 1852, and the name changed to Roseburgh in 1857. The spelling was changed to Roseburg in 1894, Roseburg was incorporated by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on October 3,1872. The fortunes of Roseburg grew with the lumber industry, founded by Kenneth Ford, the company became the major employer in the community. Other major employers, including Weyerhaeuser, Champion and Sun Studs also developed, by the 1970s Roseburg branded itself as the Timber Capital of the Nation. On August 7,1959, at approximately 1,00 a. m. the Gerretsen Building Supply Company caught fire, firefighters soon arrived at the building, located near Oak and Pine street, to extinguish the fire. Earlier in the evening, a driver for the Pacific Powder Company, George Rutherford, had parked his explosives truck in front of the building. The truck exploded at around 1,14 a. m. destroying buildings in an eight-block radius, the truck was loaded with two tons of dynamite and four-and-a-half tons of the blasting agent nitro carbo nitrate. A police officer named Donald De Sues and the Chief of Police were on site, Donald De Sues and the Chief of Police were recognized as heroes that day and were both killed in the blast. A total of fourteen people died in the blast and fire, damage was estimated at 10 to 12 million dollars, the powder company was eventually made to pay $1.2 million in civil damages, but was acquitted of criminal wrongdoing. Roseburgs downtown was rebuilt, primarily by using money collected from insurance claims

8.
Pendleton, Oregon
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Pendleton is a city in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States. Developed along the Umatilla River, Pendleton was named in 1868 by the county commissioners for George H. Pendleton, the population was 16,612 at the 2010 census. The city is the county seat of Umatilla County, Pendleton is the smaller of the two principal cities of the Hermiston-Pendleton Micropolitan Statistical Area. This micropolitan area covers Morrow and Umatilla counties and had a population of 87,062 at the 2010 census. A European-American commercial center began to develop here in 1851, when Dr. William C, McKay established a trading post at the mouth of McKay Creek. A United States Post Office named Marshall was established April 21,1865, the city was incorporated by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on October 25,1880. By 1900, Pendleton had a population of 4,406 and was the fourth-largest city in Oregon, the Pendleton Woolen Mills and Pendleton Round Up became features of the city captured in early paintings by Walter S. Bowman. Like many cities in Eastern Oregon, where thousands of Chinese immigrant workers built the transcontinental railroad, the sector is supposed to have been underlain by a network of tunnels, which are now a tourist attraction. The authenticity as a Chinese tunnel system has been questioned, the town is the cultural center of Eastern Oregon. Pendletons Old town is listed as a Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places, the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation have their property nearby. They have established the Wild Horse Casino and golf course on the reservation to generate revenue for development and they have also built the Tamástslikt Cultural Institute, for education and interpretation of their cultures. Pendleton Woolen Mills is a maker of wool blankets, shirts, founded in 1909 by Clarence, Roy and Chauncey Bishop, the company built upon earlier businesses related to the many sheep ranches in the region. A wool-scouring plant opened in Pendleton in 1893 to wash raw wool for shipping, in 1895, the scouring mill was converted into a mill that made wool blankets and robes for Native Americans. Both businesses failed to survive, but the Bishops, with the help of a bond issue, enlarged the mill. They developed a line of garments and blankets with vivid colors. St. Anthony Hospital in Pendleton is a 25-bed medical center, Eastern Oregon Correctional Institution in Pendleton is the only place in Oregon where inmates make Prison Blues denim clothing. The prison also operates a commercial laundry serving customers that include EOCI, the Snake River Correctional Institution, Pendleton High School, a flour mill. In addition, some EOCI inmates work as clerks or have jobs in service or maintenance

9.
Bend, Oregon
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Bend is a city in, and the county seat of Deschutes County, Oregon, United States. It is the city of the Bend, Oregon Metropolitan Statistical Area. Bend is Central Oregons largest city, and despite its modest size, is the de facto metropolis of the region, Bend recorded a population of 76,693 at the time of the 2010 U. S. Census, up from 52,029 at the 2000 census. The estimated population of the city as of 2013 is 81,236, Bends metro population was estimated at 165,954 as of July 1,2013. The Bend MSA is the fifth largest metropolitan area in Oregon, Bend is located on the eastern edge of the Cascade Range along the Deschutes River. Here the Ponderosa Pine forest transitions into the desert, characterized by arid land, junipers, sagebrush. Originally a crossing point on the river, settlement began in the early 1900s, Bend was incorporated as a city in 1905. In 2015, Mens Journal ranked Bend as one of The 10 Best Places to Live Now, for at least 12,000 years, until the winter of 1824, the Bend area was known only to Native Americans who hunted and fished there. That year, members of a fur trapping party led by Peter Skene Ogden visited the area, frémont, John Strong Newberry, and other Army survey parties came next. Then pioneers heading farther west passed through the area and forded the Deschutes River at Farewell Bend, constructed in May 1901, the Pilot Butte Development Companys little plant was the first commercial sawmill in Bend. The original location was at the rear of the Pilot Butte Inn of later years, steidl and Reed also set up a small mill in Bend in 1903. This was on the Deschutes River just below the Pioneer Park area, the mill was operated by water power. A small community developed around the area, and in 1904, on January 4,1905, the city held its first official meeting as an incorporated municipality, appointing A. H. Goodwillie as the first mayor. The settlement was originally called Farewell Bend, which was shortened to Bend by the U. S. Postal Service. In 1910, Mirror Pond was created by the construction of the Bend Water, the dam provided the city with its initial source of electricity. The dam has been owned by Pacific Power since 1926 and still produces electricity that supplies approximately 200 Bend households, in 1916, Deschutes County, Oregon was formed from the western half of Crook County and Bend was designated as the county seat. In 1929, Bend amended the charter and adopted the form of government. The Deschutes River runs though Bend, where it is dammed to form Mirror Pond

10.
Brooks, Oregon
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Brooks is an unincorporated community in Marion County, Oregon, United States. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Brooks as a census-designated place, the census definition of the area may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area with the same name. As of the 2010 census the population was 398, Brooks is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located nine miles north of Salem near Oregon Route 99E on French Prairie. Brooks was a station on the Southern Pacific Railroad main line through the Willamette Valley, the station was named for early settler Linus Brooks, who came to Oregon from Illinois in 1850. He was born in Ohio in 1805, Brooks post office was established in 1871, about the time the railroad reached the community. Brooks was platted with 30 blocks in 1878 and had 135 residents at that time, the community did not grow appreciably and it never incorporated. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of 0.5 square miles. As of the census of 2000, there were 410 people,152 households, the population density was 807.0 people per square mile. There were 158 housing units at a density of 311.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 82. 68% White,0. 24% African American,1. 22% Native American,0. 24% Pacific Islander,15. 12% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 22. 20% of the population. 24. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.19. In the CDP, the population was out with 26. 1% under the age of 18,9. 3% from 18 to 24,28. 5% from 25 to 44,20. 0% from 45 to 64. The median age was 35 years, for every 100 females there were 104.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.5 males, the median income for a household in the CDP was $25,938, and the median income for a family was $26,318. Males had an income of $27,375 versus $18,750 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,008, about 12. 1% of families and 10. 4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10. 4% of those under age 18 and 18. 9% of those age 65 or over. For planning purposes, Brooks and the community of Hopmere together form an Urban Unincorporated Community, the areas economy has been traditionally based on agriculture

11.
Marion County, Oregon
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Marion County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. The population was 315,335 at the 2010 census, making it the fifth-most populous county in Oregon, the county seat is Salem, the state capital. The county was named the Champooick District, after Champoeg. On September 3,1849, the legislature renamed it in honor of Francis Marion. Marion County is part of the Salem, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area and it is located in the Willamette Valley. The four districts were redesignated as counties in 1845, originally, this political entity stretched southward to the California border and eastward to the Rocky Mountains. With the creation of Wasco, Linn, Polk, and other counties, Marion Countys present geographical boundaries were established in 1856. In 1849, Salem was designated the county seat, the territorial capital was moved from Oregon City to Salem in 1852. The ensuing controversy over the location of the capital was settled in 1864 when Salem was confirmed as the state capital. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 1,193 square miles. The population density was 241 people per square mile, there were 108,174 housing units at an average density of 91 per square mile. 17. 10% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,18. 4% were of German,9. 2% English,8. 2% American and 7. 4% Irish ancestry. 80. 8% spoke English,14. 8% Spanish and 1. 4% Russian as their first language,24. 00% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the family size was 3.19. In the county, the population was out with 27. 40% under the age of 18,10. 30% from 18 to 24,28. 70% from 25 to 44,21. 20% from 45 to 64. The median age was 34 years, for every 100 females there were 101.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.50 males, the median income for a household in the county was $40,314, and the median income for a family was $46,202. Males had an income of $33,841 versus $26,283 for females

12.
Republican Party (United States)
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The Republican Party, commonly referred to as the GOP, is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, the other being its historic rival, the Democratic Party. The party is named after republicanism, the dominant value during the American Revolution, there have been 19 Republican presidents, the most from any one party. The Republican Partys current ideology is American conservatism, which contrasts with the Democrats more progressive platform, further, its platform involves support for free market capitalism, free enterprise, fiscal conservatism, a strong national defense, deregulation, and restrictions on labor unions. In addition to advocating for economic policies, the Republican Party is socially conservative. As of 2017, the GOP is documented as being at its strongest position politically since 1928, in addition to holding the Presidency, the Republicans control the 115th United States Congress, having majorities in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. The party also holds a majority of governorships and state legislatures, the main cause was opposition to the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which repealed the Missouri Compromise by which slavery was kept out of Kansas. The Northern Republicans saw the expansion of slavery as a great evil, the first public meeting of the general anti-Nebraska movement where the name Republican was suggested for a new anti-slavery party was held on March 20,1854, in a schoolhouse in Ripon, Wisconsin. The name was chosen to pay homage to Thomas Jeffersons Republican Party. The first official party convention was held on July 6,1854, in Jackson and it oversaw the preserving of the union, the end of slavery, and the provision of equal rights to all men in the American Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861–1877. The Republicans initial base was in the Northeast and the upper Midwest, with the realignment of parties and voters in the Third Party System, the strong run of John C. Fremont in the 1856 United States presidential election demonstrated it dominated most northern states, early Republican ideology was reflected in the 1856 slogan free labor, free land, free men, which had been coined by Salmon P. Chase, a Senator from Ohio. Free labor referred to the Republican opposition to labor and belief in independent artisans. Free land referred to Republican opposition to the system whereby slaveowners could buy up all the good farm land. The Party strove to contain the expansion of slavery, which would cause the collapse of the slave power, Lincoln, representing the fast-growing western states, won the Republican nomination in 1860 and subsequently won the presidency. The party took on the mission of preserving the Union, and destroying slavery during the American Civil War, in the election of 1864, it united with War Democrats to nominate Lincoln on the National Union Party ticket. The partys success created factionalism within the party in the 1870s and those who felt that Reconstruction had been accomplished and was continued mostly to promote the large-scale corruption tolerated by President Ulysses S. Grant ran Horace Greeley for the presidency. The Stalwarts defended Grant and the system, the Half-Breeds led by Chester A. Arthur pushed for reform of the civil service in 1883. The Republicans supported the pietistic Protestants who demanded Prohibition, nevertheless, by 1890 the Republicans had agreed to the Sherman Antitrust Act and the Interstate Commerce Commission in response to complaints from owners of small businesses and farmers

13.
Salem, Oregon
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Salem /ˈseɪləm/ is the capital of the U. S. state of Oregon, and the county seat of Marion County. It is located in the center of the Willamette Valley alongside the Willamette River, the river forms the boundary between Marion and Polk counties, and the city neighborhood of West Salem is in Polk County. Salem was founded in 1842, became the capital of the Oregon Territory in 1851, Salem had a population of 154,637 at the 2010 census, making it the third largest city in the state after Portland and Eugene. Salem is less than a driving distance away from Portland. Salem is the city of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area. A2013 estimate placed the population at 400,408. The city is home to Willamette University, Corban University, the State of Oregon is the largest public employer in the city, and Salem Health is the largest private employer. Transportation includes public transit from Salem-Keizer Transit, Amtrak service, major roads include Interstate 5, Oregon Route 99E, and Oregon Route 22, which connects West Salem across the Willamette River via the Marion Street and Center Street bridges. When the Methodist Mission moved to the area, they called the new establishment Chemeketa, although it was widely known as the Mill. When the Oregon Institute was established, the community known as the Institute. When the Institute was dissolved, the decided to lay out a townsite on the Institute lands. The Reverend David Leslie, President of the towns Trustees, also wanted a Biblical name, or, the town may be named after Salem, Massachusetts, where Leslie was educated. There were many names suggested, and even after the change to Salem, some people, such as Asahel Bush, believed the name should be changed back to Chemeketa. The Vern Miller Civic Center, which houses the city offices and it is estimated that the Willamette Valley area has been inhabited for over 10,000 years. The Kalapuya peoples would gather on the plateau east and south of the current downtown area in the winter and they fished and harvested in the streams and fields of the area. One staple of life was the root, and periodically the Kalapuya would set fires that would clear. In the early 1850s, the Kalapuya, along with the native peoples west of the Cascade Mountains, were removed by the U. S. government through a combination of treaties. Most Kalapuya people were moved to the Grande Ronde Reservation somewhat to the west of Salem, with numbers ending up at Siletz Reservation

14.
Woodburn, Oregon
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Woodburn is a city in Marion County, Oregon, United States. Incorporated in 1889, the community had been platted in 1871 after the arrival of the railroad, the city is located in the northern end of the Willamette Valley between Portland and Salem. Interstate 5 connects it to cities to the north and south. Oregon routes 211,214,219, and 99E also serve the city, as do Union Pacific, Woodburn is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area. With a population of 24,080 at the 2010 census, it is the third-most populous in that area after Salem. Those who identify as Hispanic or Latino make up a majority of the population in the city, the Woodburn area also has a significant historic population of Russian Orthodox Old Believers, whose ancestors settled here after the October Revolution of 1917. Originally, the area around Woodburn was inhabited by the Kalapuya Native Americans, after the Provisional Government of Oregon set-up land claims in the Oregon Country, the United States annexed much of the Pacific Northwest and established the Oregon Territory in 1848. Congress passed the Donation Land Claim Act in 1850 and many earlier land claims became donation land claims, cooley, Bradford S. Bonney, George Leisure, and Jean B. Ducharme all established donation land claims on the part of the French Prairie where Woodburn would later be founded. Cooley immigrated to Oregon in 1845, and Bonney established his claim in 1849. Ducharmes land was sold off in 1862 in a foreclosure with Mt. Angel farmer George Settlemier purchase the 214 acres on the cheap, Settlemier had traveled west over the Oregon Trail in 1849 and first settled in California before moving north to Oregon in 1850. He settled in the Mt. Angel area where he was a successful nurseryman, Settlemier then moved to his new property in 1863 and established the Woodburn Nursery Company. Despite improvements to the land, including construction of his home, during the litigation over title in the land, Settlemier borrowed money from capitalist William Reed with the land as collateral. However, Settlemier did not default and eventually his case made it to the Supreme Court of the United States in Settlemier v. Sullivan,97 U. S.444 and he gained a favorable ruling and retained the land. Meanwhile, transportation baron Ben Holladay ran his Oregon and California Railroad through what became Woodburn in 1871, originally, the town and station were called Halsey, but the name was changed to Woodburn due to the existence of Halsey, Oregon, further down the valley. The name Woodburn came about after a burn that got out of control and burned down a nearby woodlot in the 1880s. A railroad official witnessed the fire and renamed the community, the city was incorporated by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on February 20,1889. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 5.37 square miles

15.
Albany, Oregon
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Albany is the county seat of Linn County, and the 11th largest city in the State of Oregon. Albany is located in the Willamette Valley at the confluence of the Calapooia River and it is predominantly a farming and manufacturing city that settlers founded around 1848. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population of Albany was 50,158 and its population was estimated by the Portland Research Center to be 51,583 in 2013. Albany has a home rule charter, a government. The city provides the population access to over 30 parks and trails, a senior center. In addition to farming and manufacturing, the economy depends on retail trade, health care. In recent years the city has worked to revive the downtown shopping area, in the historic era, the area of the Willamette Valley that makes up modern-day Albany was inhabited by one of the tribes of the Kalapuya a Penutian-speaking, Native American people. The Kalapuya had named the area Takenah, a Kalapuyan word used to describe the deep pool at the confluence of the Calapooia, a variation of the place name can also be written as Tekenah. The Kalapuya population in the valley was between 4,000 and 20,000 before contact with Europeans, but they suffered high mortality from new diseases introduced shortly afterward. The tribes were decimated by an epidemic that raged through the Pacific Northwest in 1782–83. A malaria outbreak swept through the region between 1830 and 1833 and it is estimated that as many as 90 percent of the Kalapuya population died during this period. That, coupled with the treaties signed during the 1850s by the Kalapuya to cede land to the United States, the first European American settler arrived in 1845, Abner Hackleman was a farmer from Iowa. Taking up a claim for himself, Hackleman asked Hiram N. Smead to hold another for him until his son arrived from Iowa. In 1846, a year after arriving in Oregon, Hackleman died while returning to Iowa to fetch his family. In 1847 a pair of brothers, Walter and Thomas Monteith, settled in the area, after traveling by ox team along the Oregon Trail from their native state of New York. They were a family of prominence in the area, in 1848, they bought a claim of 320 acres from Hiram Smead for $400. They named the city Albany after their hometown of Albany in New York, during the same period, Hacklemans son Abram reached his fathers original land claim and built a log house in an oak grove still known as Hacklemans Grove. He later built a house, which stands at the corner of Fifth

16.
Linn County, Oregon
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Linn County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 116,672, the county is named in honor of Lewis F. Linn, a U. S. Senator from Missouri who advocated the American settlement of the Oregon Country, Linn County comprises the Albany, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Portland-Vancouver-Salem, OR-WA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Willamette Valley, in 2010, the center of population of Oregon was located in Linn County, near the city of Lyons. On December 28,1847 the Provisional Legislature created Linn County from the portion of Champoeg County. The boundaries were altered in 1851 and 1854 with the creation of Lane, the county seat was originally located in Calapooia, but in 1851 the Territorial Legislature passed an act establishing Albany as the county seat. A special election in 1856 reaffirmed Albany as the county seat, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,309 square miles, of which 2,290 square miles is land and 19 square miles is water. The population density was 45 people per square mile, there were 42,521 housing units at an average density of 19 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 93. 20% White,0. 32% Black or African American,1. 27% Native American,0. 78% Asian,0. 15% Pacific Islander,1. 80% from other races, and 2. 49% from two or more races. 4. 38% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,22. 2% were of German,13. 0% American,11. 2% English and 8. 6% Irish ancestry. 23. 00% of all households were made up of individuals and 10. 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.01. In the county, the population was out with 26. 00% under the age of 18,8. 40% from 18 to 24,27. 00% from 25 to 44,24. 10% from 45 to 64. The median age was 37 years, for every 100 females there were 97.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.00 males, the median income for a household in the county was $37,518, and the median income for a family was $44,188. Males had an income of $35,586 versus $24,073 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,633, about 8. 90% of families and 11. 40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14. 80% of those under age 18 and 7. 10% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 116,672 people,45,204 households, the population density was 50.9 inhabitants per square mile. There were 48,821 housing units at a density of 21.3 per square mile

17.
Eugene, Oregon
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Eugene is a city of the Pacific Northwest located in the U. S. state of Oregon. It is located at the end of the Willamette Valley, near the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette Rivers. As of the 2010 census, Eugene had a population of 156,185, it is the second most populous city in the state, the citys population for 2014 was estimated to be 160,561 by the US Census. Eugene is home to the University of Oregon and Lane Community College, the city is also noted for its natural beauty, recreational opportunities, and focus on the arts. Eugenes official slogan is A Great City for the Arts and Outdoors and it is also referred to as the Emerald City and as Track Town, USA. The Nike corporation had its beginnings in Eugene, in 2021, the city will host the 18th Track and Field World Championships. The first people to settle in the Eugene area were known as the Kalapuyans and they made seasonal rounds, moving around the countryside as appropriate to collect and preserve local foods, including acorns, the bulbs of the wapato and camas plants, and berries. They stored these foods in their permanent winter village, when crop activities waned, they returned to their winter villages and took up hunting, fishing, and trading. They were known as the Chifin Kalapuyans and called the Eugene area where they lived Chifin, other Kalapuyan tribes occupied villages that are also now within Eugene city limits. Pee-you or Mohawk Calapooians, Winefelly or Pleasant Hill Calapooians, and they were close-neighbors to the Chifin, intermarried, and were political allies. Some authorities suggest that the Brownsville Kalapuyans were related to the Pee-you and it is likely that since the Santiam had an alliance with the Brownsville Kalapuyans that the Santiam influence also went as far at Eugene. According to archeological evidence, the ancestors of the Kalapuyans may have been in Eugene for as long as 10,000 years, French fur traders had settled seasonally in the Willamette Valley by the beginning of the 19th century. Having already developed relationships with Native communities through intermarriage and trade, by 1828 to 1830 they and their Native wives began year round occupation of the land, raising crops and tending animals. In this process the mixed race families began to impact Native access to land, food supply, in July,1830, intermittent fever struck the lower Columbia region and a year later, the Willamette Valley. Natives traced the arrival of the disease, then new to the Northwest, to the U. S. ship, Owyhee, intermittent fever is thought by researchers now to be malaria. In his book The Coming of the Spirit Pestilence Boyd reports that there was a 92% population loss for the Kalapuyans between 1830 and 1841 and this catastrophic event shattered the social fabric of Kalapuyan society and altered the demographic balance in the Valley. As the demographic pressure from the colonists grew, the remaining Kalapuyans were forcibly removed to reservations, though some Natives escaped being swept into the reservation, most were moved to the Grand Ronde reservation in 1856. Strict racial segregation was enforced and mixed people, known as Métis in French, had to make a choice between the reservation and Anglo society

18.
Lane County, Oregon
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Lane County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 351,715 and it is named in honor of Joseph Lane, Oregons first territorial governor. Lane County comprises the Eugene, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area and it is the third largest MSA in Oregon, and the 144th largest in the country. Lane County was established on January 29,1851 and it was created from the southern part of Linn County and the portion of Benton County east of Umpqua County. It was named after the territorys first governor, Joseph Lane, originally it covered all of southern Oregon east to the Rocky Mountains and south to the California border. When the Territorial Legislature created Lane County, it did not designate a county seat, in 1846 Elijah Bristow and his wife, the former Susannah Gabbart, had become the first white settlers to build a claim cabin within the present-day boundaries of Lane County, near Pleasant Hill. They had crossed the plains to California in the year, and came north with Eugene F. Skinner, Captain Felix Scott. As their party entered the valley between the Coast Fork and Middle Fork of the Willamette River, Bristow gazed around and exclaimed, in 1852 John Diamond and William Macy led an exploration party to survey a shortcut for the Oregon Trail across the Cascade Range. The shortcut over the Willamette Pass became known as the Free Emigrant Road, around 250 wagons with 1,027 people left the usual Oregon Trail route at Vale, Oregon, and followed Elijah Elliott through the central Oregon high desert. This became known as the Elliott Cutoff, when they reached what is now Bend, they sent scouts to the south to look for the road. Once settlers in the Willamette Valley discovered the emigrants were coming, the emigrants of this wagon train doubled the population of Lane County in 1853. The county has been reduced from its original size by several boundary changes. One of the first changes gave it access to the Pacific Ocean, with the creation of Wasco County in 1854, it lost all of its territory east of the Cascade Mountains. Minor boundary changes occurred with Douglas County in 1852,1885,1903,1915, and 1917, with Linn County in 1907 and with Benton County in 1923. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 4,722 square miles. Lane County is one of two Oregon counties that extend from the Pacific Ocean to the Cascades A portion of the Umpqua National Forest is in Lane County, the population density was 71 people per square mile. There were 138,946 housing units at a density of 30 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 90. 64% White,0. 78% Black or African American,1. 13% Native American,2. 00% Asian,0. 19% Pacific Islander,1. 95% from other races, and 3. 32% from two or more races

19.
Douglas County, Oregon
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Douglas County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 107,667 and it is named after Stephen A. Douglas, an American politician who supported Oregon statehood. Douglas County comprises the Roseburg, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area, the area originally was inhabited by the Umpqua Indians, who speak a language in the Athabaskan language family. Following the Rogue River Indian War in 1856, most of the natives were moved by the government to the Grand Ronde Indian Reservation. However, seven families of Umpqua hid in the hills, eluding capture for many decades and they are now federally recognized as the Cow Creek Band of Umpqua Tribe of Indians. The tribe manages a small reservation in Canyonville, Oregon, and has a Casino/Hotel named Seven Feathers to represent the seven families who refused forced removal to the Grand Ronde Reservation. Douglas County was created on January 7,1852, from the portion of Umpqua County which lay east of the Coast Range summit, in 1856 the Camas Valley was annexed to Douglas County from Coos County. Further boundary adjustments were made with Jackson and Lane Counties in 1915, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 5,134 square miles, of which 5,036 square miles is land and 98 square miles is water. It is the fifth-largest county in Oregon by area, a portion of the Umpqua National Forest is in Douglas County. Douglas County is one of two Oregon counties that extend from the Pacific Ocean to the Cascade Range, the population density was 20 people per square mile. There were 43,284 housing units at a density of 9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 93. 86% White,0. 18% Black or African American,1. 52% Native American,0. 63% Asian,0. 09% Pacific Islander,1. 02% from other races, and 2. 70% from two or more races. 3. 27% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,18. 4% were of German,13. 2% American,12. 6% English and 10. 2% Irish ancestry. 96. 5% spoke English and 2. 2% Spanish as their first language,23. 9% of all households were made up of individuals and 11% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the family size was 2.9. In the county, the population was out with 24% under the age of 18,7. 5% from 18 to 24,24. 2% from 25 to 44,26. 4% from 45 to 64. The median age was 41 years, for every 100 females there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males, the median income for a household in the county was $33,223, and the median income for a family was $39,364

20.
Democratic Party (United States)
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The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party. The Democrats dominant worldview was once socially conservative and fiscally classical liberalism, while, especially in the rural South, since Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal coalition in the 1930s, the Democratic Party has also promoted a social-liberal platform, supporting social justice. Today, the House Democratic caucus is composed mostly of progressives and centrists, the partys philosophy of modern liberalism advocates social and economic equality, along with the welfare state. It seeks to provide government intervention and regulation in the economy, the party has united with smaller left-wing regional parties throughout the country, such as the Farmer–Labor Party in Minnesota and the Nonpartisan League in North Dakota. Well into the 20th century, the party had conservative pro-business, the New Deal Coalition of 1932–1964 attracted strong support from voters of recent European extraction—many of whom were Catholics based in the cities. After Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal of the 1930s, the pro-business wing withered outside the South, after the racial turmoil of the 1960s, most southern whites and many northern Catholics moved into the Republican Party at the presidential level. The once-powerful labor union element became smaller and less supportive after the 1970s, white Evangelicals and Southerners became heavily Republican at the state and local level in the 1990s. However, African Americans became a major Democratic element after 1964, after 2000, Hispanic and Latino Americans, Asian Americans, the LGBT community, single women and professional women moved towards the party as well. The Northeast and the West Coast became Democratic strongholds by 1990 after the Republicans stopped appealing to socially liberal voters there, overall, the Democratic Party has retained a membership lead over its major rival the Republican Party. The most recent was the 44th president Barack Obama, who held the office from 2009 to 2017, in the 115th Congress, following the 2016 elections, Democrats are the opposition party, holding a minority of seats in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. The party also holds a minority of governorships, and state legislatures, though they do control the mayoralty of cities such as New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, and Washington, D. C. The Democratic Party traces its origins to the inspiration of the Democratic-Republican Party, founded by Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and that party also inspired the Whigs and modern Republicans. Organizationally, the modern Democratic Party truly arose in the 1830s, since the nomination of William Jennings Bryan in 1896, the party has generally positioned itself to the left of the Republican Party on economic issues. They have been liberal on civil rights issues since 1948. On foreign policy both parties changed position several times and that party, the Democratic-Republican Party, came to power in the election of 1800. After the War of 1812 the Federalists virtually disappeared and the national political party left was the Democratic-Republicans. The Democratic-Republican party still had its own factions, however. As Norton explains the transformation in 1828, Jacksonians believed the peoples will had finally prevailed, through a lavishly financed coalition of state parties, political leaders, and newspaper editors, a popular movement had elected the president

21.
Coquille, Oregon
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Coquille /koʊˈkiːl/ is a city in, and the county seat of, Coos County, Oregon, United States. The population was 3,866 at the 2010 census, the primary economic base is the timber industry. The city derives its name from the Coquille Indian tribe, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.80 square miles, of which 2.76 square miles is land and 0.04 square miles is water. Coquille is bordered by the Coquille River which drains part of the Coastal Range into the Pacific Ocean at Bandon, the record high temperature is 104 °F, set on September 22,2009. The record low temperature is 8 °F, set on December 22,1990, there is one day of at least 90 °F per year. Conversely, there are 23 days with a high of less than 50 °F and 38 days with a temperature of 32 °F or lower, according to the Köppen climate classification, Coquille has a warm-summer Mediterrean climate. As of the census of 2010, there were 3,866 people,1,640 households, the population density was 1,400.7 inhabitants per square mile. There were 1,828 housing units at a density of 662.3 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 92. 5% White,0. 4% African American,1. 9% Native American,0. 5% Asian,0. 1% Pacific Islander,1. 7% from other races, and 2. 9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5. 3% of the population,31. 2% of all households were made up of individuals and 15. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the family size was 2.84. The median age in the city was 45.5 years. 20. 7% of residents were under the age of 18,7. 6% were between the ages of 18 and 24,21. 2% were from 25 to 44,29. 9% were from 45 to 64, and 20. 6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48. 8% male and 51. 2% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 4,184 people,1,686 households, and 1,129 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,538.3 people per square mile, there were 1,850 housing units at an average density of 680.2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 92. 64% White,0. 50% African American,1. 77% Native American,0. 36% Asian,0. 14% Pacific Islander,1. 60% from other races, and 2. 99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4. 09% of the population,28. 1% of all households were made up of individuals and 14. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the family size was 2.83

22.
Coos County, Oregon
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Coos County /kuːs/ is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 63,043, the county was formed from the western parts of Umpqua and Jackson counties. It is named after a tribe of Native Americans who live in the region, Coos County comprises the Coos Bay, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area. Its unclear where the name Coos originated, early maps and documents spelled it Kowes, Cowes, Coose, Koos, among others. Although exploration and trapping in the area occurred as early as 1828, Coos County was created by the Territorial Legislature from parts of Umpqua County, Oregon, and Jackson County, Oregon, counties on December 22,1853. Curry County, Oregon, was created from the part in 1855. The county seat was originally at Empire City, in 1895 the legislature permitted the citizens of the county to choose a new county seat. The 1896 vote resulted in moving the seat to Coquille, the Territorial Legislature granted permission for the development of wagon roads from Coos Bay to Jacksonville, Oregon, in 1854 and to Roseburg, Oregon, in 1857. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 1,806 square miles. The population density was 39 people per square mile, there were 29,247 housing units at an average density of 18 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 91. 97% White,0. 31% Black or African American,2. 41% Native American,0. 90% Asian,0. 17% Pacific Islander,1. 06% from other races, and 3. 17% from two or more races. 3. 40% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,18. 5% were of German,12. 4% English,11. 3% Irish and 10. 7% U. S. or American ancestry. 96. 0% spoke English and 2. 5% Spanish as their first language,27. 20% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the family size was 2.80. In the county, the dispersal was 21. 90% under the age of 18,7. 10% from 18 to 24,24. 00% from 25 to 44,27. 80% from 45 to 64. The median age was 43 years, for every 100 females there were 96.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.90 males, the median income for a household in the county was $31,542, and the median income for a family was $38,040. Males had an income of $32,509 versus $22,519 for females

23.
Port Orford, Oregon
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Port Orford is a city in Curry County on the southern coast of Oregon, United States. The population was 1,133 at the 2010 census, the city takes its name from George Vancouvers original name for nearby Cape Blanco, which he named for George, Earl of Orford, a much-respected friend. Port Orford is the westernmost settlement in the state of Oregon, before the arrival of European settlers, the Port Orford area was inhabited by Tututni peoples. The Tututni languages were a part of the Pacific Coast Athabaskan language family and this movement came to an end with U. S. involvement in World War II. Port Orford is located on U. S. Route 101 between the Pacific Ocean and the Siskiyou National Forest,28 miles north of Gold Beach and 27 miles south of Bandon. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 1.61 square miles. Port Orford has a climate with cool, very wet winters and mild. The average annual precipitation is 72.61 in and it is at the northern end of Oregons banana belt, a region with relatively warm weather caused by the Brookings effect. As of the census of 2010, there were 1,133 people,603 households, the population density was 726.3 inhabitants per square mile. There were 767 housing units at a density of 491.7 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 93. 3% White,0. 6% African American,1. 4% Native American,0. 5% Asian,0. 9% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 4. 3% of the population. 43. 4% of all households were made up of individuals and 15. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 1.86 and the average family size was 2.47. The median age in the city was 54.7 years. 11. 8% of residents were under the age of 18,6. 6% were between the ages of 18 and 24,16. 3% were from 25 to 44,36. 7% were from 45 to 64, and 28. 8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48. 0% male and 52. 0% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 1,153 people,571 households, and 311 families residing in the city. The population density was 719.1 people per square mile, there were 662 housing units at an average density of 412.9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 95. 40% White,0. 09% African American,1. 39% Native American,0. 26% Asian,0. 17% Pacific Islander,0. 87% from other races, and 1. 82% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2. 60% of the population, 39% of all households were made up of individuals and 18. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older

24.
Curry County, Oregon
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Curry County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 22,364, the county seat is Gold Beach. The county is named for George Law Curry, a governor of the Oregon Territory, Curry County comprises the Brookings, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 1,988 square miles. The westernmost point in Oregon is in Curry County at Cape Blanco located at 42. 835508°N124. 565939°W﻿ /42.835508, the county contains significant forests, with occurrence of black oak, big leaf maple and Douglas-fir. The blue oak, prevalent slightly further south does not reach into Curry County, the population density was 13 people per square mile. There were 11,406 housing units at a density of 7 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 92. 89% White,0. 15% Black or African American,2. 14% Native American,0. 70% Asian,0. 11% Pacific Islander,1. 11% from other races, and 2. 90% from two or more races. 3. 60% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,20. 1% were of German,13. 8% English,10. 3% United States or American and 9. 9% Irish ancestry. 95. 9% spoke English and 2. 5% Spanish as their first language,29. 70% of all households were made up of individuals and 14. 70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the family size was 2.66. In the county, the population was out with 19. 20% under the age of 18,4. 80% from 18 to 24,20. 00% from 25 to 44,29. 40% from 45 to 64. The median age was 49 years, for every 100 females there were 96.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.80 males, the median income for a household in the county was $30,117, and the median income for a family was $35,627. Males had an income of $31,772 versus $22,416 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,138, about 9. 70% of families and 12. 20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13. 60% of those under age 18 and 10. 60% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 22,364 people,10,417 households, the population density was 13.7 inhabitants per square mile. There were 12,613 housing units at a density of 7.8 per square mile

25.
Grants Pass, Oregon
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Grants Pass is a city in, and the county seat of, Josephine County, Oregon, United States. The city is located on Interstate 5, northwest of Medford, attractions include the Rogue River, famous for its rafting, and the nearby Oregon Caves National Monument located 30 miles south of the city. Grants Pass is 256 miles south of Portland, the largest city in Oregon, the population was 34,533 at the 2010 census. Early Hudsons Bay Company hunters and trappers, following the Siskiyou Trail, in the late 1840s, settlers following the Applegate Trail began traveling through the area on their way to the Willamette Valley. The city states that the name was selected to honor General Ulysses S. Grants success at Vicksburg, Grants Pass post office was established on March 22,1865. The city of Grants Pass was incorporated in 1887, the Oregon-Utah Sugar Company was created, leading to a sugar beet factory being built in Grants Pass in 1916. Before the factory opened, Oregon-Utah Sugar was merged into the Utah-Idaho Sugar Company, due to labor shortages and low acreage planted in sugar beets, the processing machinery was moved to Toppenish, Washington in 1918 or 1919. Grants Pass is located in the Rogue Valley, the Rogue River runs through the city, U. S. Route 199 passes through the city, and joins Interstate 5. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 11.03 square miles. True to its motto, “It’s the climate. ”, Grants Pass has a Zone 7 climate, according to the Köppen climate classification system, Grants Pass has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate. Summer days are sunny, dry and hot but it cools down dramatically at night, the average August high temperature is 88.8 °F or 31.6 °C but the low is only 53.7 °F or 12.1 °C. Winters are cool and fairly rainy with occasional snow, the average January high temperature is 46.6 °F or 8.1 °C. Grants Pass receives roughly 31 inches or 790 millimetres precipitation per year, the record high temperature of 114 °F or 45.6 °C was on July 23,1928. The record low temperature of −1 °F was on December 9,1972 until 1990 when it reached −3 °F, measurable precipitation falls on an average of 110 days annually. The wettest “rain year” was from July 1955 to June 1956 with 50.69 inches of precipitation, there is an average of only 4.6 inches or 0.12 metres of snow annually. The most snowfall in one month was 34.1 inches in February 1917, as of the census of 2010, there were 34,533 people,14,313 households, and 8,700 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,176.9 inhabitants per square mile, there were 15,561 housing units at an average density of 1,431.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 90. 9% White,0. 5% African American,1. 2% Native American,1. 1% Asian,0. 3% Pacific Islander,2. 3% from other races, and 3. 7% from two or more races

26.
Josephine County, Oregon
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Josephine County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 82,713, the county seat is Grants Pass. The county is named after a stream in the area called Josephine Creek. Josephine County comprises the Grants Pass, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, the discovery of rich placers at Sailor Diggings in 1852 and the resulting gold rush brought the first settlers to this region. Several U. S. Army forts were maintained in the county, in 1851, a group of prospectors moved to the Illinois Valley and made the first discovery of gold in Southern Oregon. In this group was Floyd Rollins and his daughter, Josephine Rollins Ort, on January 22,1856, a bill was passed by the territorial legislature separating what is now Josephine County from Jackson County. The bill made Sailor Diggings the county seat and it was the nineteenth, and last, county created before statehood. This was done primarily to have a head within the new county. In June 1886 the voters of Josephine County considered three towns for the new county seat and these were, Kerby, Wilderville and Grants Pass. Grants Pass won with 116 votes out of the 716 ballots cast, in the 1920s, the county improved its tourist facilities. In 1922, the Grants Pass Cavemen booster club was created, dewey during his 1948 presidential campaign. Russian newspapers used images of the Grants Pass Cavemen to show how the rich cavort in America, although bridges had been built across the Rogue River by the 1920s, ferries were still used to convey people and cars across. The first Grants Pass bridge was destroyed by a flood in 1890, the first newspaper in Josephine County was the Argus, which began publication on March 13,1885. It lasted only a few months, but the Grants Pass Courier began three weeks later, in 1897, the first legal hanging took place in Josephine County. L. W. Nelson confessed to the murder of Charles Perry while the noose was around his neck, soon afterwards all Indians in southwest Oregon, with the exception of a few small bands, were moved to the Coast reservation. Josephine County was also the home to a large Chinese population, most had come to the area to work gold claims purchased from whites no longer interested in working them. Even though they could not own land, they had to pay a tax to mine gold, and were usually relegated to inferior claims. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 1,642 square miles

27.
Ashland, Oregon
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Ashland is a city in Jackson County, in the State of Oregon. It lies along Interstate 5 approximately 16 miles north of the California border, as of 2015, the citys population was approaching 21,000. The city is the home of Southern Oregon University and the Oregon Shakespeare Festival and these are important to Ashlands economy, which also depends on restaurants, galleries, and retail stores that cater to tourists. Lithia Park along Ashland Creek, historic buildings, and a paved intercity bike trail provide additional visitor attractions, Ashland has a mayor-council government assisted by citizen committees. Historically, its politics have differed, often sharply, with much of the rest of southwest Oregon. Prior to the arrival of settlers in mid-19th century, the Shasta people lived in the valley along Ashland Creek approximately where todays city is located. Early Hudsons Bay Company hunters and trappers following the Siskiyou Trail passed through the site in the 1820s, in the late 1840s, mainly American settlers following the Applegate Trail began passing through the area. By the early 1850s, the Donation Land Act brought many to the Rogue Valley and these often violent clashes, known ultimately as the Rogue River Wars, continued until 1856. In 1851, gold was discovered at Rich Gulch, a tributary of Jackson Creek, settlers arrived in the Ashland area in January 1852, including Robert B. Hargadine, Sylvester Pease, Abel D Helman, Eber Emery, Helman and Hargadine filed the first donation land claims in Ashland. Helman and Emery built a sawmill along what was then called Mill Creek to turn timber into lumber for settlers, in 1854, they and another settler, M. B. Morris, built a mill, Ashland Flouring Mills, to grind local wheat into flour. The community around the mill known as Ashland Mills. A post office was established in Ashland Mills in 1855 with Helman as postmaster, during the 1860s and 1870s the community grew, establishing a school, churches, businesses, and a large employer, Ashland Woolen Mills, which produced clothing and blankets from local wool. In 1871, the Post Office dropped Mills from Ashlands name, in 1872 Reverend J. H. Skidmore opened a college, Ashland Academy, a predecessor of Southern Oregon University. In 1887, Portland, Oregon, and San Francisco, California, were joined by rail at Ashland, until 1926, when most rail service began taking a different route, Ashland thrived on rail trade of local products, including pears, peaches, and apples. In 1908 the Womens Civic Improvement Club petitioned for the creation of community space along Ashland Creek, the discovery of lithia water near Emigrant Lake around the same time led to a plan to establish a mineral spa at the park. Voters approved bonds to pay for the project, which included piping the water from its source to Ashland

28.
Jackson County, Oregon
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Jackson County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 203,206, the county is named for Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States. Jackson County comprises the Medford, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, there are 11 incorporated cities and 34 unincorporated communities in Jackson County, the largest is Medford, which has been the county seat since 1927. Modoc, Shasta, Takelma, Latgawa, and Umpqua Indian tribes are all native to the region of present Jackson County, in the early 1850s, both the Klickitats from the north and the Deschutes from the south raided and settled the area. The Territorial Legislature created Jackson County on January 12,1852, from the portion of Lane County. It included lands now lie in Coos, Curry, Josephine, Klamath. Jacksonville was designated as the first county seat in 1853, however, Jacksonville declined due to diminishing returns in the local goldfields and the construction in the 1880s of the Oregon and California Railroad. This railroad bypassed Jacksonville and instead went through Medford, located five miles east of Jacksonville, medfords prospects improved because of the location of the railroad and the accompanying commerce and development as Jacksonville continued its steady decline. Jacksonville fended off suggestions to move the county seat until 1927 when Medford was finally selected as the county seat and this requires homeowners to maintain a 30 or greater firebreak around their structures, and affects 12,000 homeowners. In 2007 this plan becomes mandatory for many landowners, under threat of liability if their property is involved in a fire. On May 15,2007, residents voted not to reopen the countys 15 libraries and this was the largest library closure in the history of the United States. The libraries were reopened, with reduced hours, on October 24,2007. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 2,802 square miles. A portion of the Umpqua National Forest is in Jackson County, located entirely within Jackson County is Bear Creek and its watershed, a tributary of the Rogue River. The population centers of Medford, Ashland, Phoenix, Talent and it connects with the Rogue River near the Upper and Lower Table Rock lava formations. The population density was 65 people per square mile, there were 75,737 housing units at an average density of 27 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 91. 65% White,0. 40% Black or African American,1. 09% Native American,0. 90% Asian,0. 18% Pacific Islander,2. 88% from other races, and 2. 91% from two or more races. 6. 69% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,17. 4% were of German,12. 9% English,10. 2% Irish and 8. 8% United States or American ancestry

29.
Medford, Oregon
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Medford is a city in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. As of July 1,2014, the city had a population of 78,557. Medford is the county seat of Jackson County, in 1883, a group of railroad surveyors headed by S. L. Dolson and David Loring arrived in Rock Point, near present-day Gold Hill. They were charged with finding the best route through the Rogue Valley for the Oregon, citizens of neighboring Jacksonville hoped that it would pass between their town and Hanley Butte, near the present day Claire Hanley Arboretum. Such a move would have all but guaranteed prosperous growth for Jacksonville, the response from Jacksonville was mixed, but the decision was final. By November 1883, a site had been chosen and a surveying team led by Charles J. Howard was hard at work platting the new town. They completed their work in early December 1883, laying out 82 blocks for development, others point out the farms of town founders Iradell Judson Phipps and Charles Wesley Broback, which were present before the town was platted. Regardless, on February 6,1884, J. S. Howards store became Medfords first post office, with Howard serving as postmaster. The establishment of the post office led to the incorporation of Medford as a town by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on February 24,1885, Howard held the position of postmaster for Medfords first ten years, and again held the post upon his death on November 13,1919. The beginning of the 20th century was a transitional period, Medford built a new steel bridge over Bear Creek to replace an earlier one which washed away three years before. Without a bridge, those wanting to cross had to ford the stream, typically using a horse-drawn wagon, the first automobile did not arrive in Medford until 1903. Pharmacist George H. Haskins had opened a drugstore just after the town was platted, five years later the library moved to Medfords new city hall, in another four years, Andrew Carnegies donation allowed a dedicated library to be built. Construction on the Medford Carnegie Library was completed in 1912, in 1927, Medford took the title of county seat of Jackson County away from nearby Jacksonville. In 1967, Interstate 5 was completed adjacent to downtown Medford to replace the Oregon Pacific Highway. It has been blamed for the decline of businesses in downtown Medford since its completion. In fact, a study completed in 1999 found that 45% of vehicles entering I-5 from north Medford heading south exited in south Medford, the high volume of traffic on Interstate 5 led to the completion of a new north Medford interchange in 2006. The project, which cost about $36 million, improved traffic flow between I-5 and Crater Lake Highway, further traffic problems identified in south Medford prompted the construction of another new interchange, costing $72 million. The project began in 2006 and was completed in 2010, since the 1990s, Medford has dedicated an appreciable amount of resources to urban renewal in an attempt to revitalize the downtown area

30.
Hood River, Oregon
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The city of Hood River is the seat of Hood River County, Oregon, United States. It is a port on the Columbia River, and is named for the nearby Hood River, as of the 2010 census, the city population was 7,167. Hood River post office was established at the site of the present city on September 30,1858, originally, the city was part of Wasco County, but it became the seat of Hood River County when the county was first established in 1908. Hood River is at the confluence of the Hood River and the Columbia River in the heart of the Columbia River Gorge, the city is about 30 miles north of Mount Hood, the tallest peak in the state. It is across the Columbia River from White Salmon, Washington, south of the city is the Hood River Valley, known for its production of apples, pears, and cherries. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 3.35 square miles. Hood River averages around 30 inches of precipitation a year, while Cascade Locks,20 miles west, receives over 75 inches, the area is known for its consistently high winds channeling down the Columbia River Gorge. Temperatures for the year as a whole are slightly cooler than most other towns in the region. As a rule of thumb, Hood River temperatures are similar to those of Portland in the summer, as of the census of 2010, there were 7,167 people,2,972 households, and 1,728 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,810.6 inhabitants per square mile, there were 3,473 housing units at an average density of 1,362.0 per square mile. 33. 4% of all households were made up of individuals and 13. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.12. The median age in the city was 36.3 years. 25. 9% of residents were under the age of 18,7. 3% were between the ages of 18 and 24,30. 6% were from 25 to 44,23. 5% were from 45 to 64, and 12. 7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47. 9% male and 52. 1% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 5,831 people,2,429 households, and 1,442 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,839.4 people per square mile, there were 2,645 housing units at an average density of 1,288.0 per square mile. 32. 8% of all households were made up of individuals and 14. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.06. In the city, the population was out with,26. 2% under the age of 189. 7% from 18 to 2432. 6% from 25 to 4418. 5% from 45 to 6413. 1%65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years, for every 100 females there were 88.6 males

31.
Hood River County, Oregon
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Hood River County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 22,346, the county seat is Hood River. The county was established in 1908 and is named for the Hood River, Hood River County comprises the Hood River, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area. The Hood River Valley is a top producer of apples, pears, the first permanent settlers in present-day Hood River County filed a donation land claim in 1854. The first school was built in 1863 and a road from The Dalles was completed in 1867, by 1880 there were 17 families living in the valley. By the latter part of the nineteenth century farmers of Japanese, Finnish, German, at the turn of the twentieth century, the people of the Hood River region in the northwest portion of Wasco County expressed a desire for political separation from the parent county. The passage of an initiative established Hood River as the thirty-fourth county of the state. It was made official by a proclamation on June 23,1908. The Columbia River Highway was completed in 1922 from Portland to The Dalles, opponents claimed that this measure was not enforceable and would end up in court. Hood River County is 533 square miles, of which 522 square miles is land and 11 square miles is water and it is the second-smallest county in Oregon by area. Elevation ranges from 60 feet above sea level at Cascade Locks in the northwest to 11,235 feet at the summit of Mt. Hood, the highest point in Oregon. The County lies in a zone in the Columbia River Gorge between the temperate rain forest of the Cascade range and dry desert of eastern Oregon. Precipitation varies considerably by longitude and elevation, annual precipitation averages over 76 inches in Cascade Locks, but is less than 31 inches in the City of Hood River. At the highest reaches of the County on Mt. Hood precipitation can be up to 150 inches annually, the Gorge can have a moderating effect on air temperatures in the County near the Columbia River when maritime air moves in from the west. Major easterly flows, however, can cause extreme cold conditions as cold air moves west through the Gorge. Winds are generally from the west in the summer, resulting in strong and consistent winds on the Columbia River at Hood River County, winter winds can blow from either the east or the west and can be of sufficient force to result in widespread damage. Hood River County contains the entirety of the 217,337 acres Hood River watershed and this watershed includes four main sub-basins, the West Fork Hood River, the Middle Fork Hood River, the East Fork Hood River, and the Hood River Mainstem. Sixty percent, or 209,385 acres, of the County is federal land managed by the Mt. Hood National Forest, another 31,000 acres, or 8.8 percent, is forestland owned and managed by Hood River County

32.
Monroe, Oregon
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Monroe is a city in Benton County, Oregon, United States. The population was 617 at the 2010 census and it is part of the Corvallis, Oregon Metropolitan Statistical Area. Monroe is located midway between Eugene and Corvallis along Highway 99W and the city experiences a strong rivalry between fans of the Oregon Ducks and the Oregon State Beavers. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 0.51 square miles. The city formed around a sawmill established by Joseph White in 1852. By 1853, there was a settlement known as Whites Mill. Around the same time, Roland Hinton formed the town of Starr Point north of Whites Mill, in 1857, Starr Point combined with Whites Mill to form the town of Monroe. The city quickly became a center for paddle boat traffic and it was one of the largest cities in the state for many years. Monroe High School was built in the 1920s, since the construction of I-5 in the 1960s, the city has turned into a rural farming community. It is the home of historic Hull-Oakes Lumber Mill, the only steam-powered sawmill operating in the U. S, as of the census of 2010, there were 617 people,251 households, and 165 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,209.8 inhabitants per square mile, there were 277 housing units at an average density of 543.1 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 89. 0% White,0. 2% African American,1. 3% Native American,0. 2% Asian,6. 6% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 16. 2% of the population. 25. 1% of all households were made up of individuals, the average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.92. The median age in the city was 42.7 years. 21. 6% of residents were under the age of 18,7. 7% were between the ages of 18 and 24,23. 7% were from 25 to 44,33. 7% were from 45 to 64, and 13. 1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50. 2% male and 49. 8% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 607 people,225 households, and 166 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,274.9 people per square mile, there were 262 housing units at an average density of 550.3 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 96. 71% White,0. 33% African American,0. 99% Native American,0. 33% Asian,0. 33% Pacific Islander, hispanic or Latino of any race were 10. 05% of the population

33.
Benton County, Oregon
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Benton County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 85,579, the county was named after Thomas Hart Benton, a U. S. Senator who advocated American control over the Oregon Country, Benton County is designated as the Corvallis, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Portland-Vancouver-Salem, OR-WA Combined Statistical Area. It is in the Willamette Valley, Benton County was created on December 23,1847 by an act of the Provisional Government of Oregon. The county was created out of lands inhabited by the Klickitat. All aboriginal claims to land within Benton County were ceded in the Treaty of Dayton in 1855, portions of Benton County were taken to form Coos, Curry, Douglas, Jackson, Josephine, Lane and Lincoln Counties, leaving Benton County in its present form. The city of Marysville, later renamed Corvallis, was made the county seat in 1851, the city briefly was the capital of Oregon. In 1862 Corvallis became the site of the Oregon State Agricultural College, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 679 square miles, of which 676 square miles is land and 2.7 square miles is water. It is the fourth-smallest county in Oregon by land area and third-smallest by total area, the population density was 116 people per square mile. There were 31,980 housing units at a density of 47 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 89. 16% White,0. 84% Black or African American,0. 79% Native American,4. 49% Asian,0. 24% Pacific Islander,1. 92% from other races, and 2. 56% from two or more races. 4. 66% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,18. 2% were of German,11. 6% English,8. 9% Irish and 7. 0% American ancestry. 91. 1% spoke English,4. 1% Spanish and 1. 0% Chinese as their first language,26. 10% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the family size was 2.95. In the county, the population was out with 21. 30% under the age of 18,20. 20% from 18 to 24,26. 70% from 25 to 44,21. 40% from 45 to 64. The median age was 31 years, for every 100 females there were 99.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.80 males, the median income for a household in the county was $41,897, and the median income for a family was $56,319. Males had an income of $42,018 versus $29,795 for females

34.
Rickreall, Oregon
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Rickreall is an unincorporated community in Polk County, Oregon, United States. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Rickreall as a census-designated place, the census definition of the area may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area with the same name. The population of the CDP was 57 at the 2000 census, Rickreall is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area. Rickreall Creek runs along the southern edge. Rickreal post office was established in 1851 with Nathaniel Ford as postmaster and it was discontinued in 1857, but reestablished in 1866 with the spelling Rickreall. The office has continued to operate to the present day, Rickreall was often referred to as Dixie during the Civil War and for some time after, because of the Southern sympathies of the local populace. Dixie was never the name of the community or the post office. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of 0.2 square miles. As of the census of 2000, there were 57 people,26 households, the population density was 335.6 people per square mile. There were 26 housing units at a density of 153.1 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 98. 25% White,23. 1% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the family size was 2.56. In the CDP, the population was out with 15. 8% under the age of 18,1. 8% from 18 to 24,24. 6% from 25 to 44,38. 6% from 45 to 64. The median age was 50 years, for every 100 females there were 83.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 71.4 males, the median income for a household in the CDP was $27,222, and the median income for a family was $26,389. Males had an income of $41,250 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,846, none of the population and none of the families were below the poverty line. The Jefferson Institute, located a mile west of the Nathaniel Ford house, was founded in 1846, later there were two elementary schools in the Rickreall School District

35.
Polk County, Oregon
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Polk County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 75,403, the county is named for James Knox Polk, the 11th president of the United States. Polk County is part of the Salem, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area and it is located in the Willamette Valley. The Oregon Provisional Legislature created Polk County from Yamhill District on December 22,1845, County boundaries were periodically changed to reflect the creation of Benton and Lincoln counties. Many other counties were carved out of these as settlement spread towards the south. The first county seat was a settlement on the side of Rickreall Creek named Cynthian. In 1852 city officials renamed Cynthian to Dallas after Vice President George M. Dallas, during the 1880s and 1890s, there were a series of unsuccessful efforts to move the county seat to nearby Independence. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 744 square miles. About two thirds of Polk County, the part, is forest, mostly of the coniferous and mixed varieties, bordering on temperate rain forest around Laurel Mountain. The eastern half of the county lies in the Willamette Valley, the Willamette River forms the eastern border of the county, separating it from neighboring Marion County. The population density was 102 people per square mile, there were 30,302 housing units at an average density of 41 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 85. 9% White,0. 6% Black or African American,2. 1% Native American,1. 9% Asian,0. 3% Pacific Islander,5. 4% from other races, and 3. 8% from two or more races. 12. 1% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race, 23% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the family size was 3.06. In the county, the population was out with 24. 3% under the age of 18 and 14. 8%65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.1 years, for every 100 females there were 94.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males, as of the 2000 census, the median income for a household in the county was $42,311, and the median income for a family was $50,483. Males had an income of $36,667 versus $26,272 for females

36.
The Dalles, Oregon
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The Dalles /ˈdælz/ is the county seat and largest city of Wasco County, Oregon, United States. The population was 13,620 at the 2010 census, and is the largest city on the Oregon side along the Columbia River outside of the Portland Metropolitan area. The site of what is now the city of The Dalles was a major Indian trading center for at least 10,000 years, the general area is one of the continents most significant archaeological regions. Lewis and Clark camped near Mill Creek on October 25–27,1805, also in the same area was the Petite Dalles or Little Dalles, or Short Narrows. Men like NWC officer David Thompson voyaged both down and up the Columbia, traveling through Celilo Falls, the War of 1812 led to the 1813 liquidation of the PFC, its properties like Fort Astoria sold to the North West Company. In 1821 the North West Company was absorbed by the giant London-based Hudsons Bay Company, Fort Vancouver, built in 1824, replaced Fort Astoria as the regional fur trade headquarters. The HBCs trading network made extensive use of the Columbia River, the rapids of the Columbia River at The Dalles was the largest and longest of the four great portages, where fur trading boats had to unload and transship their cargoes. Sometimes, during high water, boats traveling downriver would shoot the rapids instead of portaging, although the practice was dangerous, in 1838 a branch of Jason Lees Methodist Mission was established at Celilo Falls, named the Wascopam Mission, after the native Wasco Indians. In 1850 the U. S. Army founded a small post at the site of the old mission, Fort Dalles became the nucleus of the town of The Dalles, which began to develop along the waterfront. In 1855, at the end of the Cayuse War, the Indians living near The Dalles were forceably relocated by the U. S. Army to the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. In the early 1840s American settlers began to arrive in significant numbers, the trail ended at The Dalles. It was not possible to take wagons farther west due to cliffs that fell straight into the Columbia River. Until the construction of the Barlow Road in 1846, the way to reach Fort Vancouver. A post office was established within the boundaries of the current city in 1851 and it has been the major commercial center between Portland and Pendleton since. The city was named just Dalles. In 1853 it was changed to Wascopum, then, in 1860, in 1864, the U. S. Congress appropriated money to build a U. S. mint in The Dalles that was to use gold from Canyon City for coinage. In 1870, the State of Oregon received the property from the U. S. Government, the mint is now home to Freebridge Brewing. In 1924, Bobbie the Wonder Dog stopped briefly in The Dalles while on his 2,600 mile journey home by foot from Indiana to Silverton, Oregon, emaciated and tired, he was aided by members of the community before moving westward through the Columbia Gorge

37.
Wasco County, Oregon
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Wasco County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 25,213 and its county seat is The Dalles. The county is named for a tribe of Native Americans, the Wasco. Wasco County comprises the The Dalles, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area, celilo Falls on the Columbia River served as a gathering place and major trading center for the local Native Americans, including the Wasco, Paiute, and Warm Springs tribes, for thousands of years. These rapids came to be named Les Grandes Dalles de la Columbia or The Great Falls of the Columbia by the French Canadian fur traders, the Dalles served initially as a way station on the Oregon Trail as it approached the Willamette Valley. The construction of the Barlow Road over the Cascade Range in 1845, over the following years, Wasco County was a major transportation hub for both river and inland traffic. The Oregon Territorial Legislature created Wasco County on January 11,1854, from the parts of Clackamas, Lane, Linn and Marion counties, that were east of the Cascade Range. At the time of its creation, it was the largest county in the United States and its northern border was the Washington Territory line. When Dakota Territory was created in 1861, Idaho Territory in 1863, and Montana Territory in 1864, other Oregon counties were split away, and Wasco was reduced to its current size. The Dalles was designated the county seat with the creation of the county, the river traffic on the Columbia River was profoundly affected in 1935 by the building of Bonneville Dam in Multnomah County and by The Dalles Dam in 1957 in Wasco County. His followers, known as Rajneeshees, settled en bloc in Antelope, acerbic, if not hostile comments by his spokeswoman, Ma Anand Sheela, only increased tensions, and were not helped by Rajneeshs vow of silence. But perhaps the most bizarre turn of events was when an outbreak of salmonella in salad bars at ten restaurants in The Dalles was traced to the acts of his followers, about this time, Sheela was removed from her post in Rajneeshs service. This chapter in the countys history finally ended in 1985, when Rajneesh was arrested as he was fleeing the U. S. On October 23,1985, a grand jury in Portland had secretly indicted Rajneesh, Sheela. Two days later, a Wasco County grand jury returned indictments against Sheela, Rajneesh entered an Alford plea and was given a suspended sentence on condition that he leave the country. The former Rajneesh ranch is now known as Washington Family Ranch and it is owned and operated by Young Life Ministries, a Christian organization providing camp services for youth. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 2,395 square miles. The northern boundary with Washington is the Columbia River, mount Hood National Forest As of the census of 2000, there were 23,791 people,9,401 households, and 6,505 families residing in the county

38.
McMinnville, Oregon
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McMinnville is the county seat and largest city of Yamhill County, Oregon, United States. According to Oregon Geographic Names, it was named by its founder, William T. Newby, as of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 32,187. McMinnville is located at the confluence of the North and South Forks of the Yamhill River in the Willamette Valley, part of the Portland metropolitan area, it lies 35 miles southwest of Portland. The city is home to Linfield College and the Evergreen Aviation Museum, town founder William T. Newby joined the Great Migration of 1843, later claiming land in 1844 on the present site of McMinnville in what was then known as the Oregon Country. He built a grist mill in 1853 at what would become the west end of Third Street, on May 5th,1856 Newby platted a town and named it after his hometown of McMinnville, Tennessee. Newby would later make a donation of land for the founding of an institution of higher learning in the town, originally called McMinnville College. McMinnville was incorporated as a town in 1876 and became a city in 1882, County residents voted to move the county seat of Yamhill County from Lafayette to McMinnville in 1886. The Oregonian published the photographs the next day, and within a month they were published in LIFE magazine, although these images have come to be known as the McMinnville UFO photographs, the Trent farm was actually located just outside Sheridan, Oregon, nine miles southwest of McMinnville. McMinnville is located 50 miles from the Pacific Ocean,35 miles from Portland, and 26 miles from Salem, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.58 square miles, all of it land. This region experiences warm and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above 71.6 °F, according to the Köppen Climate Classification system, McMinnville has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated Csb on climate maps. As of the census of 2010, there were 32,187 people,11,674 households, the population density was 3,042.2 inhabitants per square mile. There were 12,389 housing units at a density of 1,171.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 82. 2% White,0. 7% African American,1. 2% Native American,1. 5% Asian,0. 2% Pacific Islander,10. 7% from other races, and 3. 5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20. 6% of the population,26. 4% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the family size was 3.14. The median age in the city was 34 years. 25. 8% of residents were under the age of 18,12. 7% were between the ages of 18 and 24,24. 7% were from 25 to 44,22. 2% were from 45 to 64, and 14. 6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48. 2% male and 51. 8% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 26,499 people residing in the city, among 9,367 households and 6,463 families

39.
Yamhill County, Oregon
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Yamhill County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 99,193, the names origin is probably an explorers name for a local Native American tribe, the Yamhill, who are part of the North Kalapuyan family. Yamhill County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area and it is in the Willamette Valley. The earliest known inhabitants of the area were the Yamhill Indians and they are one of the tribes incorporated into the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde. In 1857 they were forced to migrate to the Grand Ronde Indian Reservation created in Oregons Coastal Range two years earlier, the earliest non-native settlers were employees of the various fur companies operating in Oregon Country, who started settling there around 1814. But it was the establishment of the Oregon Trail that led to significant migration to the area, Yamhill District was created on July 5,1843, five years before the Oregon Territory was established. It was one of the four districts created by Oregons first Provisional Legislature, along with Twality, Clackamas. The district was originally over 12,000 square miles, an area that was broken up into twelve present-day counties, Lafayette, the principal trading center of the western Willamette Valley in early Oregon history, was made the county seat in 1847. The county government was moved to McMinnville where it remains today. The Mount Hebo Air Force Station was a Cold War air defense installation from 1956 to 1980, the large radomes protecting the radars from adverse weather effects could be seen silhouetted against the sky from many parts of Yamhill County. In 1900 a Yamhill River lock and dam lock and dam was completed about 1.5 miles downriver from Lafayette, the lock was decommissioned in 1954. The dam was destroyed in 1963 to allow better passage for salmon on the river. The site of the lock and dam is now a county park, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 718 square miles, of which 716 square miles is land and 2.5 square miles is water. It is the fifth-smallest county in Oregon by area, the tallest mountain in the county is Trask Mountain in the northwest corner of the county. The population density was 119 people per square mile, there were 30,270 housing units at an average density of 42 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county is 88. 98% White,1. 47% Native American,1. 07% Asian,0. 85% Black or African American,0. 12% Pacific Islander,5. 08% from other races, and 2. 42% from two or more races. 10. 61% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,19. 6% were of German,11. 4% English,9. 5% American and 8. 4% Irish ancestry. 19. 70% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.17

40.
Dayton, Oregon
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Dayton is a city in Yamhill County, Oregon, United States. The population was 2,534 at the 2010 census, the city was founded in 1850 by Andrew Smith and Joel Palmer. Palmer, who served as superintendent of Indian affairs for Oregon. Dayton was named for Smiths hometown, Dayton, Ohio, Dayton post office was opened in 1851, with Christopher Taylor serving as postmaster. There are many landmarks throughout the city. The oldest standing structure is the Joel Palmer House, built in 1852 or 1857 and it has been on the National Register of Historic Places since March 16,1987, and has been painstakingly restored. Since 1996 it has been home to a restaurant of the same name as the historic house. Nearby, in Courthouse Square Park, is the Fort Yamhill Block House, the structure had been built by Willamette Valley settlers on Fort Hill in the Grand Ronde Valley in 1855 and 1856. John G. Lewis, a citizen of Dayton, secured permission from authorities to move the logs to Dayton, Dayton is located in the Willamette Valley, approximately 25 miles southwest of Portland and seven miles east of McMinnville. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 0.84 square miles. As of the census of 2010, there were 2,534 people,797 households, the population density was 3,016.7 inhabitants per square mile. There were 843 housing units at a density of 1,003.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 79. 2% White,0. 5% African American,1. 0% Native American,0. 9% Asian,14. 7% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 29. 9% of the population. 15. 8% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.18 and the average family size was 3.52. The median age in the city was 32.8 years. 32. 6% of residents were under the age of 18,7. 8% were between the ages of 18 and 24,26. 6% were from 25 to 44,22. 9% were from 45 to 64, and 10. 1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49. 6% male and 50. 4% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 2,119 people,641 households, and 516 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,935.4 people per square mile, there were 656 housing units at an average density of 908.7 per square mile

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Independence, Oregon
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Independence is a city in Polk County, Oregon, United States, on the west bank of the Willamette River along Oregon Route 51, and east of nearby Monmouth. It is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area, thirty square blocks of the oldest part of Independence form the National Register of Historic Places-listed Independence Historic District. The population was 8,590 at the 2010 census, Independence was founded by pioneers who migrated from Independence, Missouri. Elvin A. Thorp arrived in the Independence area in 1845 and he platted a small townsite that later became known as Thorps Town of Independence or the Original Town of Independence, now known as Old Town. Thorp named the town for his hometown Independence, Missouri, in 1847, Henry Hill came across the plains looking for a level piece of ground on which to raise stock. On November 14,1847, he found his location on the west bank of the Willamette River and marked off his land claim. In 1867, after returning from the California gold mines, Hill platted 40 acres for a townsite, the city charter bill of February 26,1885, incorporated E. A. Thorps Independence and Henry Hills Independence, Henry Hill Elementary School was named in honor of the latter. Independence thrived as a point, by both rail and boat, for agricultural products and lumber until the 1950s. The city was known for its hops production from the 1890s through the 1940s, when hop production began to decline in the early 1950s, the citys fortunes began to decline. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 2.82 square miles. Ash Creek flows through Independence, where it meets the Willamette River, as of the census of 2010, there were 8,590 people,2,857 households, and 2,021 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,146.5 inhabitants per square mile, there were 3,168 housing units at an average density of 1,160.4 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 73. 3% White,0. 4% African American,1. 8% Native American,1. 2% Asian,0. 2% Pacific Islander,19. 1% from other races, and 4. 1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 35. 3% of the population,18. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 5. 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.99 and the family size was 3.45. The median age in the city was 28.3 years. 30. 5% of residents were under the age of 18,13. 9% were between the ages of 18 and 24,27. 3% were from 25 to 44,19. 5% were from 45 to 64, and 8. 7% were 65 years of age or older

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Lincoln County, Oregon
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Lincoln County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, its population was 46,034, the county is named for Abraham Lincoln, 16th president of the United States. Lincoln County comprises the Newport, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area, Lincoln County was created by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on February 20,1893, from the western portion of Benton and Polk counties. The county adjusted its boundaries in 1923,1925,1927,1931, at the time of the countys creation, Toledo was picked as the temporary county seat. In 1896 it was chosen as the permanent county seat, three elections were held to determine if the county seat should be moved from Toledo to Newport. Twice these votes failed—in 1928 and 1938, in 1954, however, the vote went in Newports favor. While Toledo has remained the hub of Lincoln County, the city has never regained the position it once had. Like Tillamook County to the north, for the first decades of its existence Lincoln County was isolated from the rest of the state and this was solved with the construction of U. S. Route 101, and the Salmon River Highway. In 1936, as one of many federally funded projects, bridges were constructed across the bays at Waldport, Newport. The northern part of Lincoln County includes the Siletz Reservation, created by treaty in 1855, the reservation was open to non-Indian settlement between 1895 and 1925. The Siletzs tribal status was terminated by the government in 1954. The current reservation totals 3,666 acres, principal industries of the county are travel, trade, health services and construction. Paper manufacturing and fishing are important although they contribute proportionally less to the countys employment than they used to. Newport is one of the two fishing ports of Oregon that ranks in the top twenty of fishing ports in the U. S. Its port averaged 105 million pounds of fish landed in 1997-2000, Newport is home of Oregon State Universitys Hatfield Marine Science Center, as well as the Oregon Coast Aquarium, and their fleet of ocean-going vessels. Many of the communities in Lincoln county depend on tourism as their principal source of income. The countys average nonfarm employment was 18,820 in 2007, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,194 square miles, of which 980 square miles is land and 214 square miles is water. The population density was 45 people per square mile, there were 26,889 housing units at an average density of 27 per square mile

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Cornelius, Oregon
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Cornelius is a city in Washington County, Oregon, United States. Located in the Portland metropolitan area, the population was 11,869 at the 2010 census. The city lies along Tualatin Valley Highway between Forest Grove to the west and Hillsboro to the east, Cornelius was incorporated in 1893 and is named for founder Thomas R. Cornelius. In 1845, Benjamin Cornelius immigrated to Oregon with his family, the Cornelius family settled on the Tualatin Plains, near what is now North Plains. The same year, Benjamin Q. Tucker and Solomon Emerick staked land claims, at that time, the area was called Free Orchards, there was no actual community, but the name referred to the orchards on the 107 acres of land. In 1871, Benjamin Corneliuss son Colonel Thomas R. Cornelius learned that Ben Holladay planned to extend the Oregon, the new railroad was approaching Free Orchards in 1871, and Cornelius saw an opportunity to benefit from the new railroad. He left his farm and built a new house, a warehouse, the warehouse and store were located right next to the railroad, and so became natural places for local farmers to trade and store their goods. Cornelius also built a creamery to process milk, and two sawmills to supply lumber for the growing community, in addition, he helped to build the first frame schoolhouse and the Methodist Church. In 1893, Free Orchards was incorporated and renamed Cornelius, to honor the man who spent many years helping build the community. Though Holladays plan to make Free Orchards into the county seat never materialized, Cornelius survives today as a town and, increasingly. The Cornelius Public Library was founded in 1912, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.01 square miles, all land. As of the census of 2010, there were 11,869 people,3,339 households, the population density was 5,905.0 inhabitants per square mile. There were 3,499 housing units at a density of 1,740.8 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 64. 0% White,1. 2% African American,1. 3% Native American,2. 2% Asian,0. 1% Pacific Islander,27. 2% from other races, and 4. 0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 50. 1% of the population,14. 1% of all households were made up of individuals and 5. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.51 and the family size was 3.88. The median age in the city was 30.4 years. 32. 9% of residents were under the age of 18,9. 8% were between the ages of 18 and 24,30. 6% were from 25 to 44,20. 5% were from 45 to 64, and 6. 3% were 65 years of age or older

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Washington County, Oregon
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Washington County is one of 36 counties in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 529,710, the county seat and largest city is Hillsboro. Washington County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area, cities in Washington County include Hillsboro, Beaverton, Tigard, and Forest Grove, the countys oldest city. Originally named Twality when created in 1843, the legislature renamed it for the first president of the United States, George Washington. The original boundaries included the entire northwest corner of Oregon before sections became new counties, the Tualatin River and its drainage basin are almost entirely within the county, with the county nearly coterminous with the Tualatin Valley. It is bordered on the west and north by the Northern Oregon Coast Range, on the south by the Chehalem Mountains, and on the north and east by the Tualatin Mountains. The countys major roads include small sections of Interstate 5 and Interstate 205, the Sunset Highway, Oregon Route 217, Oregon Route 47, Oregon Route 10, Oregon Route 6, and Oregon Route 8. Public transportation is operated by TriMet and includes buses, the Westside Express Service commuter rail. Other transportation includes air travel at the Hillsboro Airport, private airfields and heliports, the Provisional Legislature of Oregon created the county as Twality District on July 5,1843. Twality was one of the four districts of the Provisional Government of Oregon in Oregon Country along with Clackamas, Champooick. Columbia, later known as Hillsboro, was selected as the county seat in 1850, Washington County obtained its present boundaries in 1854 with the creation of Columbia County to the north and Multnomah County to the east. The construction of Canyon Road to Beaverton helped Portland to consolidate its position as the port of Oregon. In November 2004, the County and the City of Beaverton agreed to a plan where the city would annex both unincorporated residential neighborhoods as well as areas of land. This would result with Cedar Hills, Garden Home, Raleigh Hills, West Slope being incorporated by 2010, and the communities of Aloha, Bethany, and Cedar Mill at some point after that. Those plans have since put on hold after Beaverton attempted to forcibly annex Nike, Inc. s World Headquarters. Nike successfully lobbied the legislature for a law that would prohibit their annexation for 99 years, since that decision, annexation plans have been halted, and Washington County started urban planning to provide city-level services to the unincorporated urban areas in the county. On January 1,2014,160 acres of Multnomah County in the Bethany area transferred to Washington County, the area had originally been split off from Washington County when Multnomah County was created, and was transferred back to allow for development of the property. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 726 square miles

45.
Hillsboro, Oregon
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Hillsboro is the fifth-largest city in the State of Oregon and is the county seat of Washington County. At the 2010 Census, the population was 91,611. For thousands of years before the arrival of European-American settlers, the Atfalati tribe of the Kalapuya lived in the Tualatin Valley near the site of Hillsboro. The climate, moderated by the Pacific Ocean, helped make the region suitable for fishing, hunting, food gathering, settlers founded a community here in 1842, later named after David Hill, an Oregon politician. Transportation by riverboat on the Tualatin River was part of Hillsboros settler economy, a railroad reached the area in the early 1870s and an interurban electric railway about four decades later. These railways, as well as highways, aided the growth of the city to about 2,000 people by 1910 and about 5,000 by 1950. Hillsboro has a government consisting of a city manager and a city council headed by a mayor. In addition to industry, sectors important to Hillsboros economy are health care, retail sales. The city operates more than twenty parks and the mixed-use Hillsboro Stadium, modes of transportation include private vehicles, public buses and light rail, and aircraft using the Hillsboro Airport. The city is home to Pacific Universitys Health Professions Campus, notable residents include two Oregon governors. The first people of the Tualatin Valley were the Atfalati or Tualaty tribe of the Kalapuya, the valley consisted of open grassland maintained through annual burning by the Atfalati, with scattered groves of trees along the streams. The Kalapuya moved from place to place in good weather to fish and hunt and to gather nuts, seeds, roots, important foods included camas and wapato, and the Atfalati traded for salmon from Chinookan tribes near Willamette Falls on the Willamette River. During the winter, they lived in longhouses in settled villages, some near what became Hillsboro and their population was greatly reduced after contact in the late 18th century with Europeans, who carried smallpox, syphilis, and malaria. Of the original population of 1,000 to 2,000 Atfalati reported in 1780, in 1855, the U. S. government sent the survivors to the Grande Ronde reservation further west. The European-American community was founded by David Hill, Isaiah Kelsey, and Richard Williams, the locality went by two other names—East Tualatin Plains and Columbia—before it was named Hillsborough in February 1850 in honor of Hill, when he sold part of his land claim to the county. On February 5,1850, commissioners chosen by the legislature selected the community to be the seat of the county government. Hill was to be paid $200 for his land after plots had been sold for the site, but he died before this occurred. The towns name was simplified to Hillsboro

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Molalla, Oregon
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Molalla /məˈlɑːlə/ is a city in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States. The population was 8,108 at the 2010 census, Molalla was named after the Molalla River, which in turn was named for the Molala, a Native American tribe that inhabited the area. William H. Vaughan took up a land claim in the area in 1844. Molalla post office was established in 1850, near the site of Liberal, the post office was reestablished in 1868 and it ran until 1874, then was reestablished in 1876, which is when it was probably placed at the present location of Molalla. Since the late 1990s the city has been experiencing a surge in growth, a number of business franchises have located in Molalla since 2000. In 2005, Molalla installed its first stoplight, at the intersection of Oregon Route 211 and Oregon Route 213, Molalla is located in the foothills of the Cascade Range, near the Mount Hood National Forest,15 miles south of Oregon City and 13 miles from Interstate 5. Molalla is surrounded by farms and rural residential development, there are many rock quarries, and thousands of acres of private timberlands, that feed natural resource materials into the economy. Several of the farms are managed for totally maintained and sustained forest. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 2.26 square miles. This region experiences warm and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above 71.6 °F, according to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Molalla has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated Csb on climate maps. Molalla receives precipitation ranging from an average of 0.60 inches in July to an average of 6.62 inches in December. As of the census of 2010, there were 8,108 people,2,857 households, the population density was 3,668.8 inhabitants per square mile. There were 3,017 housing units at a density of 1,365.2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 86. 9% White,0. 6% African American,1. 0% Native American,0. 8% Asian,0. 3% Pacific Islander,7. 5% from other races, and 2. 9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14. 5% of the population,22. 5% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the family size was 3.30. The median age in the city was 31.4 years. 30. 7% of residents were under the age of 18,8. 3% were between the ages of 18 and 24,31. 4% were from 25 to 44,19. 6% were from 45 to 64, and 9. 8% were 65 years of age or older

47.
Clackamas County, Oregon
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Clackamas County /ˈklækəmᵻs/ is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 375,992 and its county seat is Oregon City. The county was named after the Native Americans living in the area, the Clackamas Indians, Clackamas County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Willamette Valley, originally named Clackamas District, it was one of the four original Oregon districts created by Oregons Provisional Legislature on July 5,1843 along with Twality, Champooick, and Yamhill. The four districts were redesignated as counties in 1845, at the time of its creation, Clackamas County covered portions of four present-day U. S. states and a Canadian province. The Columbia River became the boundary of the county in 1844. Soon after John McLoughlin staked a claim in Oregon City. Oregon City was also the site of the federal court west of the Rockies in 1849. The plat was filed in 1850 in the first plat book of the first office of records in the West Coast and is still in Oregon City, in 1902, the Willamette Meteorite was recovered from a field just outside present-day West Linn. As of August 2005, Clackamas is the first county in Oregon to have four models of governance for its communities, like the rest of Oregon, it has cities and rural communities. After completion of a process began late in 1999, the county adopted an ordinance on August 11,2005 which defined hamlets. By the November 30,2005 deadline, three communities had submitted petitions to start the process of becoming one, boring petitioned to become a village, but the application was rejected in a town hall referendum in August 2006. The communities along US26 near Mount Hood from Brightwood to Rhododendron petitioned to become The Villages at Mount Hood, Beavercreek petitioned to become a hamlet, and was officially recognized as such in September 2006. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 1,883 square miles. The county includes parts of two forests, Mount Hood National Forest and Willamette National Forest. The population density was 181 people per square mile, there were 136,954 housing units at an average density of 73 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 91. 27% White,2. 45% Asian,0. 71% Native American,0. 66% Black or African American,0. 17% Pacific Islander,2. 28% from other races, and 2. 46% from two or more races. 4. 95% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,20. 7% were of German,11. 6% English,9. 1% Irish and 7. 5% American ancestry

United States
–
Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean,

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Native Americans meeting with Europeans, 1764

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Flag

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The signing of the Mayflower Compact, 1620.

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The Declaration of Independence: the Committee of Five presenting their draft to the Second Continental Congress in 1776

Oregon State Capitol
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The Oregon State Capitol is the building housing the state legislature and the offices of the governor, secretary of state, and treasurer of the U. S. state of Oregon. It is located in the capital, Salem. The current building, constructed from 1936 to 1938, and expanded in 1977, is the third to house the Oregon state government in Salem, two former

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Oregon State Capitol

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The building used as the capitol in 1855, when the territorial capital was briefly located in Corvallis

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Artist's rendering of the 1855 building

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Surviving pillars of the second capitol in 2007

Oregon State Senate
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The Oregon State Senate is the upper house of the statewide legislature for the US state of Oregon. Along with the lower chamber Oregon House of Representatives it makes up the Oregon Legislative Assembly, there are 30 members of the State Senate, representing 30 districts across the state, each with a population of 114,000. The State Senate meets

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Oregon State Senate

A. W. Norblad
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Albin Walter Norblad, Sr. was a prominent citizen of Astoria, Oregon, United States, and the 19th Governor of Oregon from 1929 to 1931. He was the father of A. Walter Norblad, member of the United States House of Representatives from Oregons 1st Congressional District from 1946 to 1964, Norblad was born in 1881 in Malmö. His parents were Peter and

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Governor Norblad

Oregon Republican Party
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The Oregon Republican Party is the state affiliate of the United States Republican Party in Oregon, headquartered in Wilsonville. The platform opposes abortion, physician-assisted suicide, and same-sex marriage, throughout 1856, abolitionist sentiment continue to grow in Oregon, with Republican clubs springing up around the state. Republican county

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Oregon Republican Party

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Edward Dickinson Baker

3.
Greg Walden, 111th Congress

Oregon House of Representatives
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The Oregon House of Representatives is the lower house of the Oregon Legislative Assembly. There are 60 members of the House, representing 60 districts across the state, the House meets at the Oregon State Capitol in Salem. Members of the House serve two-year terms without term limits, in 2002, the Oregon Supreme Court struck down the decade-old la

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Oregon House of Representatives

Roseburg, Oregon
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Roseburg is a city in the U. S. state of Oregon. It is located in the Umpqua River Valley in southern Oregon and is the county seat, founded 166 years ago, in 1851, the population was 21,181 at the 2010 census, making it the principal city of the Roseburg, Oregon Micropolitan Statistical Area. The community developed along both sides of the South U

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Roseburg, Oregon

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Roseburg High School

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Mercy Medical Center, a 178-bed hospital. Mercy is the 2nd largest employer in the town of Roseburg.

Pendleton, Oregon
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Pendleton is a city in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States. Developed along the Umatilla River, Pendleton was named in 1868 by the county commissioners for George H. Pendleton, the population was 16,612 at the 2010 census. The city is the county seat of Umatilla County, Pendleton is the smaller of the two principal cities of the Hermiston-Pendle

Bend, Oregon
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Bend is a city in, and the county seat of Deschutes County, Oregon, United States. It is the city of the Bend, Oregon Metropolitan Statistical Area. Bend is Central Oregons largest city, and despite its modest size, is the de facto metropolis of the region, Bend recorded a population of 76,693 at the time of the 2010 U. S. Census, up from 52,029 at

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Looking west from Pilot Butte

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Location in Oregon

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Downtown circa 1920

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Mirror Pond from Drake Park during autumn

Brooks, Oregon
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Brooks is an unincorporated community in Marion County, Oregon, United States. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Brooks as a census-designated place, the census definition of the area may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area with the same name. As of the 2010 census the population was 398,

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Brooks' historic railroad depot

Marion County, Oregon
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Marion County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. The population was 315,335 at the 2010 census, making it the fifth-most populous county in Oregon, the county seat is Salem, the state capital. The county was named the Champooick District, after Champoeg. On September 3,1849, the legislature renamed it in honor of Francis Marion. Mari

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Marion County Courthouse

Republican Party (United States)
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The Republican Party, commonly referred to as the GOP, is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, the other being its historic rival, the Democratic Party. The party is named after republicanism, the dominant value during the American Revolution, there have been 19 Republican presidents, the most from any one party

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Abraham Lincoln, the first Republican U.S. President (1861–1865).

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Theodore Roosevelt, 26th President of the United States (1901–1909)

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Dwight Eisenhower, 34th President of the United States (1953–1961)

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Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (1969–1974)

Salem, Oregon
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Salem /ˈseɪləm/ is the capital of the U. S. state of Oregon, and the county seat of Marion County. It is located in the center of the Willamette Valley alongside the Willamette River, the river forms the boundary between Marion and Polk counties, and the city neighborhood of West Salem is in Polk County. Salem was founded in 1842, became the capita

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The Oregon State Capitol

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Capitol Center in downtown

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Skateboarder in Marion Square Park

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Oregon State Capitol

Woodburn, Oregon
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Woodburn is a city in Marion County, Oregon, United States. Incorporated in 1889, the community had been platted in 1871 after the arrival of the railroad, the city is located in the northern end of the Willamette Valley between Portland and Salem. Interstate 5 connects it to cities to the north and south. Oregon routes 211,214,219, and 99E also se

Albany, Oregon
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Albany is the county seat of Linn County, and the 11th largest city in the State of Oregon. Albany is located in the Willamette Valley at the confluence of the Calapooia River and it is predominantly a farming and manufacturing city that settlers founded around 1848. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population of Albany was 50,158 and its p

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First Avenue west in downtown

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Albany, Oregon, 1887

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Linn County courthouse in Albany

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Sidewheel steamboat Occident, at Albany, near Red Crown Mills

Linn County, Oregon
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Linn County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 116,672, the county is named in honor of Lewis F. Linn, a U. S. Senator from Missouri who advocated the American settlement of the Oregon Country, Linn County comprises the Albany, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Portla

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Linn County Courthouse in Albany

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Sign welcoming visitors to the county

Eugene, Oregon
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Eugene is a city of the Pacific Northwest located in the U. S. state of Oregon. It is located at the end of the Willamette Valley, near the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette Rivers. As of the 2010 census, Eugene had a population of 156,185, it is the second most populous city in the state, the citys population for 2014 was estimated to be 1

Lane County, Oregon
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Lane County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 351,715 and it is named in honor of Joseph Lane, Oregons first territorial governor. Lane County comprises the Eugene, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area and it is the third largest MSA in Oregon, and the 144th largest in the country. Lane County w

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Lane County Courthouse in Eugene, built in 1898 and demolished in 1959.

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Cape Perpetua on the coastline of Lane County

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Downtown Eugene

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Jessie M. Honeyman Memorial State Park and part of Cleawox Lake, Oregon Dunes National Recreation Area, south of Florence

Douglas County, Oregon
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Douglas County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 107,667 and it is named after Stephen A. Douglas, an American politician who supported Oregon statehood. Douglas County comprises the Roseburg, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area, the area originally was inhabited by the Umpqua Indians, who speak a lang

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The county, looking east from west of Roseburg

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A gold "needle" from the Bohemia District in Douglas County

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An aerial view of the county

Democratic Party (United States)
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The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party. The Democrats dominant worldview was once socially conservative and fiscally classical liberalism, while, especially in the rural South, since Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal coalition in the 1930s, the Democrati

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Andrew Jackson was the first Democratic President of the United States

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The three leaders of the Democratic party during the first half of the 20th century: President Woodrow Wilson (nominated in 1912 and '16) Sec. of State William J. Bryan (nominated in 1896, 1900 and 1908), Josephus Daniels, Breckinridge Long, William Phillips, and Franklin D. Roosevelt (nominated for VP in 1920 and for president in 1932, 36,'40 and 44)

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John F. Kennedy, 35th President of the United States (1961–1963)

Coquille, Oregon
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Coquille /koʊˈkiːl/ is a city in, and the county seat of, Coos County, Oregon, United States. The population was 3,866 at the 2010 census, the primary economic base is the timber industry. The city derives its name from the Coquille Indian tribe, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.80 square miles, of which

1.
The Coquille waterfront circa 1908−14 with the boats Wolverine, Favorite, and Wilhelmina at dock. Wolverine was built in Coos Bay in 1908, and Coquille was also built in 1908.

2.
Location in Oregon

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The historic A.J. Sherwood House (built 1901) in Coquille, Oregon is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Coos County, Oregon
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Coos County /kuːs/ is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 63,043, the county was formed from the western parts of Umpqua and Jackson counties. It is named after a tribe of Native Americans who live in the region, Coos County comprises the Coos Bay, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area. Its unclear where the

1.
The Southwest Oregon Regional Airport in North Bend

2.
Location in the state of Oregon

Port Orford, Oregon
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Port Orford is a city in Curry County on the southern coast of Oregon, United States. The population was 1,133 at the 2010 census, the city takes its name from George Vancouvers original name for nearby Cape Blanco, which he named for George, Earl of Orford, a much-respected friend. Port Orford is the westernmost settlement in the state of Oregon,

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1990 Aerial view of Port Orford

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Battle Rock

Curry County, Oregon
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Curry County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 22,364, the county seat is Gold Beach. The county is named for George Law Curry, a governor of the Oregon Territory, Curry County comprises the Brookings, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of

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Cape Blanco

2.
Location in the state of Oregon

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Mack Arch Cove in 1938

Grants Pass, Oregon
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Grants Pass is a city in, and the county seat of, Josephine County, Oregon, United States. The city is located on Interstate 5, northwest of Medford, attractions include the Rogue River, famous for its rafting, and the nearby Oregon Caves National Monument located 30 miles south of the city. Grants Pass is 256 miles south of Portland, the largest c

1.
Grants Pass, Oregon

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Welcome sign in Grants Pass

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Caveman statue next to the visitor center

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Jetboat on the Rogue River at Grants Pass

Josephine County, Oregon
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Josephine County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 82,713, the county seat is Grants Pass. The county is named after a stream in the area called Josephine Creek. Josephine County comprises the Grants Pass, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, the discovery of rich placers at Sailor Diggings in 1852 and

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Josephine County Courthouse

Ashland, Oregon
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Ashland is a city in Jackson County, in the State of Oregon. It lies along Interstate 5 approximately 16 miles north of the California border, as of 2015, the citys population was approaching 21,000. The city is the home of Southern Oregon University and the Oregon Shakespeare Festival and these are important to Ashlands economy, which also depends

1.
The Plaza

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The Ashland Woolen Mills circa 1881

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The south wing of the Depot Hotel, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is all that remains of the city's railway heritage.

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Ashland Creek in Lithia Park

Jackson County, Oregon
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Jackson County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 203,206, the county is named for Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States. Jackson County comprises the Medford, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, there are 11 incorporated cities and 34 unincorporated communities in Jackson County,

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Jackson County Courthouse

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Campground in Valley of the Rogue State Park on the banks of the Rogue River adjacent to Interstate 5.

Medford, Oregon
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Medford is a city in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. As of July 1,2014, the city had a population of 78,557. Medford is the county seat of Jackson County, in 1883, a group of railroad surveyors headed by S. L. Dolson and David Loring arrived in Rock Point, near present-day Gold Hill. They were charged with finding the best route through the

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Medford from Roxy Ann Peak

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An aerial image of Medford

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Medford City Hall

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Welcome sign near the North end of Medford

Hood River, Oregon
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The city of Hood River is the seat of Hood River County, Oregon, United States. It is a port on the Columbia River, and is named for the nearby Hood River, as of the 2010 census, the city population was 7,167. Hood River post office was established at the site of the present city on September 30,1858, originally, the city was part of Wasco County,

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Aerial photo of the city of Hood River

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Windsurfers on the Columbia River

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Hood River bicyclists

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Columbia Gorge Hotel, listed on the National Register of Historic Places

Hood River County, Oregon
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Hood River County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 22,346, the county seat is Hood River. The county was established in 1908 and is named for the Hood River, Hood River County comprises the Hood River, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area. The Hood River Valley is a top producer of apples, pear

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Hood River County Courthouse

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Mount Hood Railroad

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View from McCall Point across Hood River County to Mount Hood

Monroe, Oregon
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Monroe is a city in Benton County, Oregon, United States. The population was 617 at the 2010 census and it is part of the Corvallis, Oregon Metropolitan Statistical Area. Monroe is located midway between Eugene and Corvallis along Highway 99W and the city experiences a strong rivalry between fans of the Oregon Ducks and the Oregon State Beavers. Ac

1.
Monroe, Oregon

Benton County, Oregon
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Benton County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 85,579, the county was named after Thomas Hart Benton, a U. S. Senator who advocated American control over the Oregon Country, Benton County is designated as the Corvallis, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Portland-Vancouver-S

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Benton County Courthouse in Corvallis

2.
Lewisburg

Rickreall, Oregon
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Rickreall is an unincorporated community in Polk County, Oregon, United States. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Rickreall as a census-designated place, the census definition of the area may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area with the same name. The population of the CDP was 57 at the 20

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Rickreall Post Office

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Rickreall Grange

Polk County, Oregon
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Polk County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 75,403, the county is named for James Knox Polk, the 11th president of the United States. Polk County is part of the Salem, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area and it is located in the Willamette Valley. The Oregon Provisional Legislature created Po

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Agricultural field and tree near Perrydale

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The county courthouse in Dallas

The Dalles, Oregon
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The Dalles /ˈdælz/ is the county seat and largest city of Wasco County, Oregon, United States. The population was 13,620 at the 2010 census, and is the largest city on the Oregon side along the Columbia River outside of the Portland Metropolitan area. The site of what is now the city of The Dalles was a major Indian trading center for at least 10,0

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Aerial view of The Dalles from the Washington side of the Columbia River

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Flag

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Early illustration of The Dalles, attributed to Joseph Drayton

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Second Street circa 1880

Wasco County, Oregon
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Wasco County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 25,213 and its county seat is The Dalles. The county is named for a tribe of Native Americans, the Wasco. Wasco County comprises the The Dalles, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area, celilo Falls on the Columbia River served as a gathering place and major t

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Wasco County Courthouse in The Dalles

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An aerial view of the county

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Boyd Loop Road grain elevator on Fifteenmile Creek, Wasco County.

McMinnville, Oregon
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McMinnville is the county seat and largest city of Yamhill County, Oregon, United States. According to Oregon Geographic Names, it was named by its founder, William T. Newby, as of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 32,187. McMinnville is located at the confluence of the North and South Forks of the Yamhill River in the Willamette

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Hotel Oregon in the Downtown Historic District

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Headquarters of the Oregon Mutual Insurance Company

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Pioneer Hall at Linfield College

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The Evergreen Aviation Museum

Yamhill County, Oregon
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Yamhill County is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 99,193, the names origin is probably an explorers name for a local Native American tribe, the Yamhill, who are part of the North Kalapuyan family. Yamhill County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area and it i

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Yamhill County Courthouse

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Grain elevator in Carlton, Yamhill County.

Dayton, Oregon
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Dayton is a city in Yamhill County, Oregon, United States. The population was 2,534 at the 2010 census, the city was founded in 1850 by Andrew Smith and Joel Palmer. Palmer, who served as superintendent of Indian affairs for Oregon. Dayton was named for Smiths hometown, Dayton, Ohio, Dayton post office was opened in 1851, with Christopher Taylor se

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Joel Palmer House

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Fort Yamhill blockhouse, in Courthouse Square Park

Independence, Oregon
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Independence is a city in Polk County, Oregon, United States, on the west bank of the Willamette River along Oregon Route 51, and east of nearby Monmouth. It is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area, thirty square blocks of the oldest part of Independence form the National Register of Historic Places-listed Independence Historic District.

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Independence National Bank

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Downtown Independence circa 1920.

Lincoln County, Oregon
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Lincoln County is a county located in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, its population was 46,034, the county is named for Abraham Lincoln, 16th president of the United States. Lincoln County comprises the Newport, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area, Lincoln County was created by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on February 20,1893, fr

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Lincoln County Courthouse in Newport

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Lincoln Beach, Oregon, Fishing Rock with Rabbit Rock in background

Cornelius, Oregon
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Cornelius is a city in Washington County, Oregon, United States. Located in the Portland metropolitan area, the population was 11,869 at the 2010 census. The city lies along Tualatin Valley Highway between Forest Grove to the west and Hillsboro to the east, Cornelius was incorporated in 1893 and is named for founder Thomas R. Cornelius. In 1845, Be

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Virginia Garcia Memorial Health Center

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Church in the city on South Beech Street

Washington County, Oregon
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Washington County is one of 36 counties in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 529,710, the county seat and largest city is Hillsboro. Washington County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area, cities in Washington County include Hillsboro, Beaverton, Tigard, and Forest Grove

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Washington County Courthouse

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Current county jail in Hillsboro.

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The Washington County Courthouse in Hillsboro

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Downtown Beaverton

Hillsboro, Oregon
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Hillsboro is the fifth-largest city in the State of Oregon and is the county seat of Washington County. At the 2010 Census, the population was 91,611. For thousands of years before the arrival of European-American settlers, the Atfalati tribe of the Kalapuya lived in the Tualatin Valley near the site of Hillsboro. The climate, moderated by the Paci

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From top: City Hall, Chief Kno-Tah, Main Street Bridge, fountain at The Streets of Tanasbourne, Downtown with Mount Hood and Tuality Hospital in the background, and Intel 's Ronler Acres Campus

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Shute Park sculpture

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Hillsboro's Civic Center and City Hall

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Ronler Acres Intel campus

Molalla, Oregon
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Molalla /məˈlɑːlə/ is a city in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States. The population was 8,108 at the 2010 census, Molalla was named after the Molalla River, which in turn was named for the Molala, a Native American tribe that inhabited the area. William H. Vaughan took up a land claim in the area in 1844. Molalla post office was established in

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Vonder Ahe House

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Main street in Molalla

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Molalla post office

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Dibble House

Clackamas County, Oregon
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Clackamas County /ˈklækəmᵻs/ is a county in the U. S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 375,992 and its county seat is Oregon City. The county was named after the Native Americans living in the area, the Clackamas Indians, Clackamas County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It

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Kaspar K. Kubli (1869-1943), five term representative and Oregon Speaker of the House for the 1923-24 legislative session.

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This ad from Oregon Voter magazine promises passage of an American Legion -sponsored "anti-alien land ownership bill" in the forthcoming 1923 legislature. The legislation is unabashedly touted as being "anti-Japanese" and patterned upon similar laws in the states of California and Washington.