She was built in Midland, Ontario, Canada in 1945 as the Rockwing, then renamed Tapline 2 (1948–49) and Abqaiq 3 (1949-1954). She received the name Fearless in 1954.[1]

Fearless was put up for sale in 1972 in Brisbane and bought by Mr Keith LeLeu for $1. He sailed her to Adelaide with a volunteer crew, taking nine days. Four months later LeLeu sold the ship, with other museum materials, to the National Trust of Australia, again for $1.[2]

1.
National Trust of South Australia
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Collectively, the constituent National Trusts own or manage over 300 heritage places, and manage a volunteer workforce of 7000 while also employing about 350 people nationwide. Around 1,000,000 visitors experience the properties and their collections in Australia each year, the driving force behind the establishment of the National Trust in Australia was Annie Forsyth Wyatt. She lived for much of her life in a cottage in Gordon, New South Wales and she was living in the Sydney suburb of St Ives when she died. The distinctive building, which retains its appearance from the time of its conversion to a school in 1849, is visible from the approaches to the Sydney Harbour Bridge, Heritage, Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, Address to the Natural Trust Conference. Speeches of the Federal Minister for the Environment, department of the Environment and Heritage. Archived from the original on 2006-09-11, carol Cosgrove and Susan Marsden, Challenging times, the National Trust of South Australia 1955–2005, National Trust of South Australia, Adelaide 2005 ISBN 0-909378-60-6

2.
Birkenhead, South Australia
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Birkenhead is a north-western suburb of Adelaide 14 km from the CBD, on the Lefevre Peninsula, in the state of South Australia, Australia, and lies within the City of Port Adelaide Enfield. It is adjacent to Peterhead, Exeter and Glanville and it is bounded to the south by the Gawler Reach of the Port River, to the north by Hargrave Street and in the west and east by the Outer Harbor railway line and the Port River respectively. It was laid out on section 700, Hundred of Port Adelaide by Thomas Elder, Birkenhead Post Office opened around 1884. Birkenhead is essentially a suburb, with industrial harbourside development on the southern and eastern shores of the suburb. It is notable for the Birkenhead Bridge, which opened on a regular basis so that boats could pass along the Port River. It is also the site of a third Port River crossing and it includes the opening Tom Diver Derrick bridge, designed to ease traffic congestion in the area and opened in August 2008, adjacent to the opening Mary MacKillop railway bridge. The Birkenhead Bridge and the former HMAS Encounter Naval Drill Hall are listed on the South Australian Heritage Register, the suburb is served by a primary school, Lefevre Peninsula Primary School, and the local high school is Lefevre High School, in nearby Semaphore South. There is little activity in the area, as this is plentiful south of the river in Port Adelaide. The eastern side of the suburb, by the Port riverside is the location of the Adelaide Brighton Cement company, and a berth for the Shell Oil Company. The former Port Adelaide Sailing Club building, renamed Gallery Yampu, is used by a community group. Birkenhead is part of the electoral district of Lee. Since 2014 Lees member of South Australias House of Assembly has been Stephen Mullighan, Birkenhead is part of the federal division of Port Adelaide. Since 1997 Port Adelaides member of the Commonwealth of Australias House of Representatives has been Mark Butler, Mark is a member of the Australian Labor Party. The 150 bus services Semaphore and Fletcher Roads, while the 352 and 353 serves Semaphore and Fletcher Roads, the 333 and the N254 After Midnight Bus serve Semaphore Road. The suburb also is serviced by a station on the Outer Harbor railway line, the Peterhead railway station. A number of Port Adelaide Football Club players were born or have lived in Birkenhead, John Turner District Council of Birkenhead

3.
Port Adelaide
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Port Adelaide is the name of a region of Adelaide, approximately 14 kilometres northwest of the Adelaide CBD. It is also the namesake of the City of Port Adelaide Enfield council, a suburb, Port Adelaide played an important role in the formative decades of Adelaide and South Australia, with the port being early Adelaides main supply and information link to the rest of the world. Prior to European settlement Port Adelaide was covered with swamps and tidal mud flats. The entrance to this creek, the Port River, was first reported in 1831 and it was explored by Europeans when Captain Henry Jones entered in 1834. The creeks main channel was then fed by numerous smaller creeks, the navigable channel was narrow and the creek soon faded into swamps and sandhills. At low tide the channel was surrounded by mudbanks, Dry and solid land ended near present-day Alberton. Colonel William Light began closely exploring the area in late 1836 while deciding on a site for the colony of South Australias port, after initial trepidation, he reported to the Colonisation Commissioners that the location was a suitable harbour. By this time it had acquired the name the port creek, Lights choice of separating the port and Adelaide was strongly opposed by a few merchants, a newspaper and Governor John Hindmarsh. This opposition was based on the distance between them. The division of power in the colony meant that the decision was Lights alone. He kept Adelaide and the port separate principally due to the lack of water at the port. The effective foundation day of Port Adelaide was 6 January 1837, on this day the first harbourmaster, Captain Thomas Lipson, took up residence with his family on the edge of Port Creek. The new port was used for shipping later that month, at this point the site was known as The Port Creek Settlement. When founded, the land was just higher than the surrounding tidal flats. The port had a significant problem—reported in letters from Light and complaints to the Governor from ship owners—of a lack of a water supply. At first the river was not used for larger ships and they had to land at Holdfast Bay until the port was charted. This early port was plagued by mosquitoes, was a long distance from Adelaide, had few amenities and had a risk of inundation when the tide was very high. By 1840 it had acquired the name Port Misery, the name was used in news reports

4.
Midland, Ontario
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Midland is a town located on Georgian Bay in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Huronia region of Central Ontario, situated at the southern end of Georgian Bays 30,000 Islands, Midland is the economic centre of the region, with a 125-bed hospital and a local airport. It is the town of the southern Georgian Bay area. The town of Midland was founded when, in 1871, the Midland Railway of Canada selected the sparsely populated community of Mundys Bay as the new terminus of the Midland railway, at that time the Midland railway ran from Port Hope to Beaverton. The town site was surveyed in 1872–3 and the line to the town was completed by 1879, settlers, attracted by the convenience of rail service, soon began to move into the area. The company sold off lots in town to help finance the settlement, the village thrived based on Georgian Bay shipping and the lumber and grain trade. Incorporated into a town in 1890, a number of industrial companies have established themselves in the area. On June 23,2010, Midland was struck by an F2 tornado, the most significant damage was reported at Smiths Camp, a trailer park at the south end of the town, where several mobile homes were completely destroyed. In addition, a State of emergency was declared in Midland. While electrical service was knocked out for a time, there were no fatalities caused by the storm, Midland is just located at the south end of the Georgian Bay and is the northern anchor of the Simcoe County. Midland has a continental climate under the Köppen climate classification and has four distinct seasons. The climate is nearly the same as much of Southern Ontario and has balmy summers, thunderstorms, hailstorms, snowstorm, lake effect snow, and freezing rain are also commonplace for this city. In and around the centre of Midland there are a number of murals most of which were painted by now deceased artist Fred Lenz, the largest, depicting a meeting between a local native and Jesuit Missionary Jean de Brebeuf is on the silos overlooking the main harbour. This work was completed by Lenzs sons following his death in 2001, notable sites in or near Midland include the Jesuit mission of Sainte-Marie among the Hurons, which is now a living museum depicting missionary life in the 17th century. Pope John Paul II held a meeting at this site in September 1984. The Wye Marsh Wildlife Centre is nearby, the marsh provides habitat for trumpeter swans, black terns and least bitterns. The trumpeter swan is considered a symbol of Midland and a statue of one has been erected by the harbour. An annual Butter tart festival is held in early June, it was inaugurated in 2013, during 2015, the third annual Butter tart festival, sold around 70 thousand butter tarts

5.
Ontario
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Ontario, one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada, is located in east-central Canada. It is Canadas most populous province by a margin, accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians. Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and it is home to the nations capital city, Ottawa, and the nations most populous city, Toronto. There is only about 1 km of land made up of portages including Height of Land Portage on the Minnesota border. Ontario is sometimes divided into two regions, Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario. The great majority of Ontarios population and arable land is located in the south, in contrast, the larger, northern part of Ontario is sparsely populated with cold winters and is heavily forested. The province is named after Lake Ontario, a thought to be derived from Ontarí, io, a Huron word meaning great lake, or possibly skanadario. Ontario has about 250,000 freshwater lakes, the province consists of three main geographical regions, The thinly populated Canadian Shield in the northwestern and central portions, which comprises over half the land area of Ontario. Although this area mostly does not support agriculture, it is rich in minerals and in part covered by the Central and Midwestern Canadian Shield forests, studded with lakes, Northern Ontario is subdivided into two sub-regions, Northwestern Ontario and Northeastern Ontario. The virtually unpopulated Hudson Bay Lowlands in the north and northeast, mainly swampy. Southern Ontario which is further sub-divided into four regions, Central Ontario, Eastern Ontario, Golden Horseshoe, the highest point is Ishpatina Ridge at 693 metres above sea level located in Temagami, Northeastern Ontario. In the south, elevations of over 500 m are surpassed near Collingwood, above the Blue Mountains in the Dundalk Highlands, the Carolinian forest zone covers most of the southwestern region of the province. A well-known geographic feature is Niagara Falls, part of the Niagara Escarpment, the Saint Lawrence Seaway allows navigation to and from the Atlantic Ocean as far inland as Thunder Bay in Northwestern Ontario. Northern Ontario occupies roughly 87 percent of the area of the province. Point Pelee is a peninsula of Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario that is the southernmost extent of Canadas mainland, Pelee Island and Middle Island in Lake Erie extend slightly farther. All are south of 42°N – slightly farther south than the border of California. The climate of Ontario varies by season and location, the effects of these major air masses on temperature and precipitation depend mainly on latitude, proximity to major bodies of water and to a small extent, terrain relief. In general, most of Ontarios climate is classified as humid continental, Ontario has three main climatic regions

6.
Brisbane
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Brisbane is the capital of and most populous city in the Australian state of Queensland, and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbanes metropolitan area has a population of 2.35 million, the Brisbane central business district stands on the original European settlement and is situated inside a bend of the Brisbane River, about 15 kilometres from its mouth at Moreton Bay. The demonym of Brisbane is Brisbanite, one of the oldest cities in Australia, Brisbane was founded upon the ancient homelands of the indigenous Turrbal and Jagera peoples. A penal settlement was founded in 1824 at Redcliffe,28 kilometres north of the business district. The city was marred by the Australian frontier wars between 1843 and 1855, and development was set back by the Great Fire of Brisbane. Brisbane was chosen as the capital when Queensland was proclaimed a colony from New South Wales in 1859. During World War II, Brisbane played a role in the Allied campaign. Today, Brisbane is well known for its distinct Queenslander architecture which forms much of the built heritage. It also receives attention for its damaging flood events, most notably in 1974 and 2011. Several large cultural, international and sporting events have held at Brisbane, including the 1982 Commonwealth Games, World Expo 88, the final Goodwill Games in 2001. Prior to white settlement, the Brisbane area was inhabited by the Turrbal and they knew the area that is now the central business district as Mian-jin, meaning place shaped as a spike. The Moreton Bay area was explored by Matthew Flinders. On 17 July 1799, Flinders landed at what is now known as Woody Point, in 1823 Governor of New South Wales Sir Thomas Brisbane instructed that a new northern penal settlement be developed, and an exploration party led by John Oxley further explored Moreton Bay. Oxley discovered, named, and explored the Brisbane River as far as Goodna,20 kilometres upstream from the Brisbane central business district, Oxley recommended Red Cliff Point for the new colony, reporting that ships could land at any tide and easily get close to the shore. The party settled in Redcliffe on 13 September 1824, under the command of Lieutenant Henry Miller with 14 soldiers and 29 convicts. However, this settlement was abandoned after a year and the colony was moved to a site on the Brisbane River now known as North Quay,28 km south, chief Justice Forbes gave the new settlement the name of Edenglassie before it was named Brisbane. Non-convict European settlement of the Brisbane region commenced in 1838, German missionaries settled at Zions Hill, Nundah as early as 1837, five years before Brisbane was officially declared a free settlement. The band consisted of ministers Christopher Eipper and Carl Wilhelm Schmidt and lay missionaries Haussmann, Johann Gottried Wagner, Niquet, Hartenstein, Zillman, Franz, Rode, Doege and they were allocated 260 hectares and set about establishing the mission, which became known as the German Station

7.
Adelaide
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Adelaide is the capital city of the state of South Australia, and the fifth-most populous city of Australia. In June 2016, Adelaide had a resident population of 1,326,354 million. South Australia, with a total of 1, the demonym Adelaidean is used in reference to the city and its residents. Adelaide is north of the Fleurieu Peninsula, on the Adelaide Plains between the Gulf St Vincent and the low-lying Mount Lofty Ranges which surround the city. Adelaide stretches 20 km from the coast to the foothills, and 94 to 104 km from Gawler at its northern extent to Sellicks Beach in the south. Named in honour of Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, queen consort to King William IV, Colonel William Light, one of Adelaides founding fathers, designed the city and chose its location close to the River Torrens, in the area originally inhabited by the Kaurna people. Lights design set out Adelaide in a layout, interspaced by wide boulevards and large public squares. Early Adelaide was shaped by prosperity and wealth—until the Second World War, it was Australias third-largest city and it has been noted for early examples of religious freedom, a commitment to political progressivism and civil liberties. It has been known as the City of Churches since the mid-19th century, as South Australias seat of government and commercial centre, Adelaide is the site of many governmental and financial institutions. Most of these are concentrated in the city centre along the boulevard of North Terrace, King William Street. Today, Adelaide is noted for its festivals and sporting events, its food and wine, its long beachfronts. It ranks highly in terms of liveability, being listed in the Top 10 of The Economist Intelligence Units Worlds Most Liveable Cities index in 2010,2011,2012 and 2015. It was also ranked the most liveable city in Australia by the Property Council of Australia in 2011,2012 and 2013, prior to its proclamation as a British settlement in 1836, the area around Adelaide was inhabited by the indigenous Kaurna Aboriginal nation. Kaurna culture and language was almost completely destroyed within a few decades of the European settlement of South Australia in 1836, however, extensive documentation by early missionaries and other researchers has enabled a modern revival of both language and culture. South Australia was officially proclaimed as a new British colony on 28 December 1836, the event is commemorated in South Australia as Proclamation Day. The site of the capital was surveyed and laid out by Colonel William Light. Adelaide was established as a colony of free immigrants, promising civil liberties and freedom from religious persecution. Wakefields idea was for the Government to survey and sell the land at a rate that would maintain land values high enough to be unaffordable for labourers and journeymen

8.
National Trust of Australia
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Collectively, the constituent National Trusts own or manage over 300 heritage places, and manage a volunteer workforce of 7000 while also employing about 350 people nationwide. Around 1,000,000 visitors experience the properties and their collections in Australia each year, the driving force behind the establishment of the National Trust in Australia was Annie Forsyth Wyatt. She lived for much of her life in a cottage in Gordon, New South Wales and she was living in the Sydney suburb of St Ives when she died. The distinctive building, which retains its appearance from the time of its conversion to a school in 1849, is visible from the approaches to the Sydney Harbour Bridge, Heritage, Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, Address to the Natural Trust Conference. Speeches of the Federal Minister for the Environment, department of the Environment and Heritage. Archived from the original on 2006-09-11, carol Cosgrove and Susan Marsden, Challenging times, the National Trust of South Australia 1955–2005, National Trust of South Australia, Adelaide 2005 ISBN 0-909378-60-6

9.
National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide
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The National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide, South Australia, is Australias largest railway museum with over 100 exhibits on display, primarily from the Commonwealth and South Australian Railways. The first locomotive arrived on 24 August 1964, with the Mile End Railway Museum officially opened on 5 December 1970, the original site had only a small number of exhibits under cover with most items housed on the site in the open air. The effects of weather took their toll on the exhibits, so an alternative venue was sought. In 1987 the museum obtained a $2m Australias Bicentennial Commemorative Grant to redevelop the former Port Dock goods terminal as a new under cover museum. On 2 January 1988 the Mile End Railway Museum closed and on 10 December 1988, in 1999, funding was received as part of Australias Centenary of Federation to construct the Commonwealth Railway Museum within the museums precinct. This new facility, which was opened on 21 October 2001, houses a representative sample of exhibits from the Commonwealth Railways, included are vehicles from The Ghan, Tea & Sugar and Trans-Australian. At the same time, the Port Dock Station Railway Museum was renamed the National Railway Museum, in May 2009 the main pavilion was named after Ron Fitch, who as South Australian Railways Commissioner had facilitated the transfer much of the museums early rolling stock. At the same time, the Commonwealth Railways Museum was renamed the Ronald E Fluck Pavilion, the museum houses its large static collection in two pavilions and the historical goods shed at the site of the original Port Dock railway station. On the site, all three gauges of Australia are represented, these being Narrow Standard and Broad Gauge, the collection comprises over 100 exhibits primarily from the Commonwealth and South Australian Railways. It also has rolling stock from the Silverton Tramway and Victorian Railways, operational locomotives and railcars on these gauges respectively are steam locomotive Peronne, diesel locomotives 515 and 801, and Redhen railcars 400,321 and trailer 863. The museum also operates a number of 18 in equipment, mainly steam locomotives Bub, the museum has a number of historic buildings, some original to the site and other transported for display. Amongst the more historic of these are, The original Port Dock Station Goods Shed is included as part of the museum complex and this building is constructed of large timber beams and is typical of the type of buildings constructed by the South Australian Railway in the 19th Century. The former Woodville signal cabin of the South Australian Railways has been moved to the museum site, the Callington Shelter Shed and Booking Office is typical of the type of building used by the South Australian Railways at small country stations. It was originally built in 1951 for the small rural community of Callington. In 1991 an approach was made to Australian National, who agreed to sell the building and this resulted in the building being purchased by a museum member, who subsequently arranged for its donation and transportation to Port Adelaide. It was placed in storage until 1994, when it was re-erected in its current location, located at rear of the rollingstock pavilion is the former Eudunda Gang Shed. It was purchased and relocated by members of the museum in 1990.2 km around the museum, in 1992, the museum, in co-operation with the local council, built a 2 km line along the beach from Semaphore to Fort Glanville. This is operated from October to April, weekends, public holidays, the line travels along the coastline, through the sand dunes and the Fort Glanville Conservation Park, with the engine being turned and run around at each end

10.
South Australian Aviation Museum
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The South Australian Aviation Museum displays aircraft and aircraft engines of relevance to South Australia and aviation in Australia. It is also the home of the Defence Science and Technology Organisations heritage rocket collection and it is located in Port Adelaide, South Australia. The Museums origins can be traced to 1984 when it was started by a group of enthusiasts interested in aviation history, in 1990 it became the official aviation museum for South Australia when it was awarded Provisional Accreditation by the History Trust of South Australia. The following year it became responsible for the States historical aviation collection, in 1996 the Museum became the home of the heritage rocket collection associated with the Woomera Test Range in the period 1950-1980. The heritage rocket collection is the property of the Australian Defence Science, when restored, this will be the only Fairey Battle on display in Australia, and one of only four in the world. This aircraft was operated in Australia by the Department of Civil Aviation. List of aerospace museums South Australian Aviation Museum - Home Page

11.
South Australian Maritime Museum
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The South Australian Maritime Museum is a state government museum, part of the History Trust of South Australia. The Museum opened in 1986 in a collection of buildings in the heart of Port Adelaide. The Museum presents exhibitions in a pair of adjoining stone warehouses and it offers visitors the opportunity to climb the Port Adelaide lighthouse that was built in 1869 and originally stood at the entrance to the Port River. Cruises are provided for school groups in the naval launch Archie Badenoch and it has a reputation as an interactive museum that delivers imaginative programming. The Maritime Museum also preserves the Weman Sailmakers loft that was built in 1864, the Maritime Museum builds on the legacy of previous organisations including the Port Adelaide Institute. The Museum holds in trust, a collection that the Institute founded in 1872 and is now the oldest nautical collection in Australia, today, the Museum’s collection includes more than 20,000 objects that represent voyages that shaped the map and moments that shaped daily life. Exploration is one of the strengths of the collection with objects from the voyages of Macasssan seafarers, Nicolas Baudin, Matthew Flinders, the colonial navy of South Australia is another strength including the contingent that took HMCS Protector to the Boxer Rebellion in 1900. The Museum preserves 17 figureheads, the largest collection in Australia with the earliest being the Ville de Bourdeaux and it also holds an extensive maritime archaeology collection which has been transferred to it by the South Australian government’s Heritage Unit. The Maritime Museum provides cruises on two vessels, the steam tug Yelta and the work boat Archie Badenoch. Yelta was built at Cockatoo Dockyard in 1949 and fitted with an engine that had been built for a corvette but was left surplus when the war ended. Archie Badenoch was built by GMH’s Birkenhead factory in 1942 for the Royal Australian Navy and was used as South Australia’s police rescue launch. Both are stored on hard stand, the collection also includes Sir James Hardy’s championship sailing dinghies, fishing cutters and a naval whaler

12.
Torrens Island Concentration Camp
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The Torrens Island Internment Camp was a World War I concentration camp, located on Torrens Island in the Port River Estuary near Adelaide in South Australia. The camp opened on 9 October 1914 and held up to 400 men of German or Austro-Hungarian background and they were held without trial under the provisions of the War Precautions Act 1914. The South Australian population included a minority of German descent. At official level, the War Precautions Act permitted sweeping powers of search, seizure of property, Lutheran churches and schools were closed and German language newspapers were banned. In August 1914, soldiers were sent out under the authority of the Act to round up about 300 of what were called “Germans”, the internees included some German and Austro-Hungarian citizens and some Australian born, a mixture of farmers, intellectuals, and Lutheran pastors. At first the prisoners were interned in a barbed wire compound at Keswick Barracks within the Adelaide suburbs, as the numbers grew, in October they were taken by boat to Torrens Island. The island was deserted except for a Quarantine Station, built in the nineteenth century. A fenced compound was built on the bank of the Port River about 500m south of the Quarantine Station, the prisoners were interned there in tents under armed guard. At the time, it was called a Concentration Camp. In its first few months, the Torrens Island internment camp was uncomfortable, the internees were housed in tents and made to cater for their own cooking requirements, including growing their own food. Despite these hardships, the managed to organise cultural events and entertainment. Internee Paul Dubotzki was a photographer who was permitted to have a camera in the camp. In early 1915, a new commanding officer, Captain G. E, Hawkes, was posted to the camp and, in about March 1915, the camp was shifted to another location further south away from the Quarantine Station, on the southern end of Torrens Island. The reason for the move was not given, but was presumably because its proximity would compromise the Quarantine Station in the event of a quarantine emergency. Captain Hawkes was to prove extremely unsuitable for the position, and he encouraged an atmosphere in which guards became routinely offensive and violent in their behaviour, and soon afterward stories of brutal treatment began to be circulated. One of these involved a Swedish and an American citizen. There were also rumours of worse brutalities, and prisoners being shot dead by guards, on one occasion, Captain Hawkes had fired his pistol into a tent full of internees, wounding one. Flogging the American proved to be a serious mistake, the prisoner wrote to the US Consul about conditions in the camp, forcing an enquiry in June which brought conditions into the open

13.
Alberton Oval
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Alberton Oval is located in Alberton, a north-western suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. The ground is a park and exclusively leased to the Port Adelaide Football Club for Australian rules football. With the nearby Queenstown Oval built upon in 1876, the Alberton, the land was donated by the former Mayor of Port Adelaide, John Formby. The Queen and Albert Oval was officially opened on 8 November 1877 for a game between the touring Tasmanian cricket team and a selected eleven of the Queen and Albert Cricket Association. Port Adelaide still plays its SANFL games at the ground, although AFL games are played at Adelaide Oval and, all of the clubs teams, including its AFL team and its SANFL League and Academy teams, conduct their principal trainings at the ground. The Allan Scott Power Headquarters stands adjacent to the oval, so too does The Port Club, a social venue for the clubs supporters and players, which was opened on 14 November 1954. Alberton is regarded as the home of Port Adelaide due to the club playing almost all of their homes games there since commencing its tenancy. The clubs AFL team usually plays one or two games at the ground during the pre-season. Alberton Oval was used as a ground during summer between 1877 and 1996. In the early years attention needed to be paid to the state of the outfield, an example of this need was when Port Adelaide batsman G. S. P. Jones was able to run 8 while making 143 not out against West Torrens in 1904-05 because the fieldsman could not find the ball amongst the weeds. Cricket and football shared the use of the oval for a century, until the Port Adelaide Football Club was elevated into the AFL in 1997, the cricket club now plays games at the Port Reserve in Port Adelaide. The grounds main stands and features are, Fos Williams Family Stand, the oldest remaining structure at Alberton Oval, the Fos Williams stand houses the SANFL change rooms, coaching and media boxes. It also is the location of plaques commemorating members of the Williams family, opened in 1964, the grandstand houses the Port Club bistro, Bob McLean sportsbar, Port Store and upstairs function room. Built with donations provided by businessman Allan Scott, the Headquarters house the administration of the Port Adelaide Football Club along with the AFL training facilities, the Headquarters also have a balcony that overlooks the ground. Named after Port Adelaide and South Australian cricketer Norman Williams, the scoreboard is located on the South East pocket, official website of the Port Adelaide Football Club Port Adelaide Cricket Club Alberton Oval at Austadiums

14.
Port Adelaide Football Club
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The Port Adelaide Football Club is a professional Australian rules football club based in Alberton, Port Adelaide, South Australia. The clubs senior team plays in the Australian Football League whilst its reserves, Port Adelaide is the oldest professional football club in South Australia and the fifth-oldest club in the AFL. Since the clubs first game on 24 May 1870, it has won 36 South Australian league premierships, the club also won the Champions of Australia competition on a record four occasions. In 1997, the joined the Australian Football League as the only pre-existing non-Victorian club—and subsequently added the 2004 AFL Premiership to its achievements. By the late 1860s Port Adelaides river traffic was growing significantly causing John Rann, Mr. Leicester, the Port Adelaide Football Club was established on 12 May 1870 as part of a joint Australian football and cricket club with the first training session taking place two days later. It played its first match against a team called the Young Australians on 24 May 1870 at inaugural club president John Harts family property in Glanville. Football in South Australia at this stage was yet to be organised by a single body, in 1877 Port Adelaide joined seven other clubs to form the South Australian Football Association, the first league of its type in Australia. It competed its first few seasons wearing magenta guernseys and white shorts, in 1878 the club hosted its first game against the recently established Norwood Football Club with the visitors winning 1-0. A rivalry between these clubs would soon develop into one of the fiercest in Australian sport, in 1880 the club moved to Alberton Oval. In 1881 the club played a team for the first time against Carlton at Adelaide Oval. Later that year the club travelled to Victoria and played its first game outside South Australia against Sale, during the 1882 season Port Adelaide overcame Norwood for the first time after nine previous attempts winning by 1 goal at Adelaide Oval. In 1884 Port Adelaide won its first SAFA premiership, ending Norwoods run of six premierships, on 25 May 1885, Port Adelaide played its first game at the MCG against South Melbourne, drawing with the eventual VFA premiers in front of 10,000 spectators. In 1887 immense interest led into the Round 8 meeting against Norwood as the two matches between the clubs resulted in draws. Norwood won in front of a then-record 11,000 spectators at Adelaide Oval, during 1889 the club played against the Richmond at Punt Road, with Port prevailing by a goal. The 1889 SAFA season ended with Port Adelaide and Norwood equal top, Norwood went on to defeat Port Adelaide by two goals. In 1890 Port Adelaide won its second SAFA premiership and would go on to be crowned Champions of Australia for the first time after defeating VFA premiers South Melbourne. During the 1890s Australia was affected by a depression and many players were forced to move interstate to find work translating into poor on field results. By 1896, the club was in crisis and finished last causing the clubs committee to meet with the aim of revitalising the club

15.
City of Adelaide (1864)
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City of Adelaide is a clipper ship, built in Sunderland, England, and launched on 7 May 1864. The ship was commissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS Carrick between 1923 and 1948 and, after decommissioning, was known as Carrick until 2001. At a conference convened by HRH The Duke of Edinburgh in 2001, the decision was made to revert the name to City of Adelaide. City of Adelaide was built by William Pile, Hay and Co. for transporting passengers, between 1864 and 1887 the ship made 23 annual return voyages from London and Plymouth to Adelaide, South Australia. During this period she played an important part in the immigration of Australia, on the return voyages she carried passengers, wool, and copper from Adelaide and Port Augusta to London. From 1869 to 1885 she was part of Harrold Brothers Adelaide Line of clippers, after 1887 the ship carried coal around the British coast, and timber across the Atlantic. In 1893 she became a hospital in Southampton, and in 1923 was purchased by the Royal Navy. Converted as a ship, she was also renamed HMS Carrick to avoid confusion with the newly commissioned HMAS Adelaide. HMS Carrick was based in Scotland until 1948 when she was decommissioned and donated to the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve Club, Carrick remained on the River Clyde until 1989 when she was damaged by flooding. In order to safeguard the vessel she was protected as a listed building, Carrick was recovered by the Scottish Maritime Museum the following year, and moved to a private slipway adjacent to the museums site in Irvine. Restoration work began, but funding ceased in 1999, and from 2000 the future of the ship was in doubt, in 2010, the Scottish Government decided that the ship would be moved to Adelaide, to be preserved as a museum ship. In September 2013 the ship moved by barge from Scotland to the Netherlands to prepare for transport to Australia. In late November 2013, loaded on the deck of a ship, City of Adelaide departed Europe bound for Port Adelaide, Australia. City of Adelaide is the worlds oldest surviving clipper ship, of two that survive — the other is Cutty Sark. With Cutty Sark and HMS Gannet, City of Adelaide is one of three surviving ocean-going ships of composite construction to survive. City of Adelaide is one of three surviving sailing ships, and the only of these a passenger ship, to have taken emigrants from the British Isles, City of Adelaide is the only surviving purpose-built passenger sailing ship. Adding to her significance as an emigrant ship, City of Adelaide is the last survivor of the trade between North America and the United Kingdom. Having been built in the prior to Lloyds Register publishing their rules for composite ships

16.
Falie
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Falie is a 46-metre ketch that traded for many years in Australian waters. Originally built in 1919 as the motor schooner collier Hollands Trouw, she was purchased by the Spencers Gulf Transport Company, renamed and she was retired in 1982, then purchased by the South Australian government for preservation. Although initially used for day and overnight sails, by 2005 the ship had fallen into disrepair and she was built in Maassluis, Netherlands by W. Richter as a gaff rigged motor schooner in 1919 and named Hollands Trouw. At the time she was built as a speculation by the builder, as a result, she sat idle after her launch in 1919 until purchased by Spencers Gulf Transport Company in 1922. She was bought by the Spencers Gulf Transport Company Limited in 1922, in 1923, she sailed to South Australia, where she was renamed Falie and participated in the extensive ketch trade to isolated towns along the coast of South Australia. Later she was converted from her original configuration to a ketch, during World War II, the Royal Australian Navy requisitioned Falie, renaming her HMAS Falie. Initially she was used as an inspection vessel, on the night of 31 May, she was acting as a watchdog outside Sydney Harbour when she struck a Japanese midget submarine trying to infiltrate the harbour. Falie was converted in 1943 to a vessel, and was deployed to Papua New Guinea. In 1946, she was paid off and returned to her owners, operating as an overnight charter vessel between 1986 and 2005, Falie supported fishing and diving tours around the South Australian coastline. Between 1990 and 2005, Falie was the vessel used for Rodney Fox Shark Expeditions. Falie was then purchased by the Government of South Australia for preservation as a community, the ship was restored for the states sesquicentenary celebrations in 1986, with re-masting, new sails, and the fitting of accommodation and a galley. With this arrangement, she could carry up to 70 passengers on day trips, in 2005, a survey revealed that her hull plates had corroded to the point where she was unseaworthy. She was not returned to seaworthiness as no sponsor could be found to cover the cost of repairs, estimated to be more than a million dollars. In 2007, it was proposed to move Falie to the wharf at American River, Kangaroo Island as a maritime museum, but by 2009. It was suggested that the South Australian government was looking to divest itself of Falie, failie is currently owned by the SA Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure

17.
MV Nelcebee
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The MV Nelcebee is an auxiliary schooner that served the South Australian coastal trade from 1893 to 1982. Nelcebee was built in at Rutherglen in Scotland by Thomas Seath and it was assembled and tested before being broken into parts and shipped to South Australia where it was reassembled by Thomas Cruickshank in Port Adelaide. Nelcebee commenced service as a tug and lighter at Port Pirie, gradually being replaced in its tug role with improved designs, Nelcebee was then refitted with a diesel engine, and given two masts. It commenced operation in the South Australian coastal trade from 1928 serving Spencer Gulf and Gulf St Vincent ports and carrying loads such as wheat, gypsum, and minerals. In 1962 the vessel was sold to R Fricker and Company, Nelcebee was the second to last ketch operating in the South Australian coastal trade along with Falie. Upon retirement, it was the third oldest vessel on Lloyds Register of Shipping and it is now held by the South Australian Maritime Museum

18.
One and All
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One and All is a tall ship based in Adelaide, and rigged for twelve sails, which are controlled by 100 lines. After being launched in 1985, she took part in the First Fleet Re-enactment Voyage as part of Australias bicentenary celebrations and she was commonly used for sail training, offering courses and voyages that last from between a few hours to many weeks, especially for youth at risk. The vessel is run by a group of volunteers, one and All was built at North Haven as part of South Australias 150th jubilee project, and is based on a design of Postboy. As such her bowsprit, has described as her most distinguishing feature. The ship has since been host to youth training and mentoring programs for youth at risk, financially supported by the SA State Government, the latter went into liquidation on 1 July 2011 however. Despite tenders for a replacement operator closing in early August 2011, appeals in the local press for a corporate white knight have seen three potential sponsors come forward, but still no operator. The first tranche with 1994 signatures was presented to the SA Legislative Council on 1 March 2012 by Greens MLC Tammy Franks, one & All Youth Development Foundation

19.
Port River
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The Port River is a river located north of the Adelaide central business district in the Australian state of South Australia. The Port River is the branch of the largest tidal estuary on the eastern side of Gulf St Vincent. It extends inland through the historic Inner Harbour of Port Adelaide, before European settlement of Adelaides western suburbs and the construction of various flood mitigation channels and levees, the Port River formed one of the outlets of the River Torrens. The banks of the river are largely industrialised and have some of Adelaide’s wharves, bulk cargo and container handling facilities, one of its main attractions other than transport is the Port River dolphins, which are the only wild dolphins in the world that live within a city. Besides shipping using the main channel, a fishing fleet operates out of the North Arm which also has a speed boat club. Recreational boating marinas are located in the Angas Inlet and on the Lefevre Peninsula, the ASC has its construction and maintenance facility and dock at Osborne, and there is a heritage-listed former Quarantine Station on Torrens Island. Several power stations including the Torrens Island Power Station and the Pelican Point Power Station, the Port Adelaide Rowing Club has rowed on the river for one hundred and thirty years, and the river was formerly a frequent venue for the Intervarsity eights race. Flushing of the West Lakes occurs through a system that takes in fresh seawater through an inlet off the coast at the southern end. Spring tides are over 2½ metres AHD and at low tide mudflats are exposed near the outlet of the river, forming a ground for blue swimmer crabs. The Adelaide Dolphin Sanctuary, a 118 km² Dolphin sanctuary which was enacted by the 2005 Adelaide Dolphin Sanctuary Act covers all of the Barker Inlet and the Port River. Bottlenose dolphins are seen in the river, examining and following small boats and have become a well known tourist attraction with dolphin cruises departing from Queens Wharf. The mudflats at the mouth of the river are part of the Gulf St Vincent Important Bird Area, prior to the 1836 settlement of South Australia, the river was a shallow and narrow tidal creek winding between mangrove swamps. The river was discovered in 1834 by Captain John Jones after an 1831 sighting by Captain Collet Barker. The initial landing place in Adelaide was some way north of the current port and had poor conditions that for many years it was known as Port Misery. The current port location was opened in 1840 but, due to the depth of the river. This new harbour allowed the steamships that were then arriving at Adelaide to dock, with smaller steam vessels. The river was first bridged in 1859 opening the Lefevre Peninsula to development and now is crossed by 3 road bridges including the Birkenhead bridge, the North Arm contains a significant ships graveyard with 25 identified wrecks and was also used to house explosives stores from the 1880s. The remains of the iron and wooden ships that were abandoned between 1909 and 1945 are now bird roosts and a canoeing attraction, the ships in the graveyard were launched from 1857 to 1920 and includes the Dorothy H

20.
Semaphore, South Australia
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Semaphore is bounded to the north by Union and Hargrave Streets, to the south by Hart Street, to the west by Gulf St Vincent and to the east by Woolnough Road and Swan Terrace. It is adjacent to Semaphore South, Glanville, Exeter and Largs Bay, the postcode for Semaphore is 5019. Semaphore was first surveyed for sale in 1849, at time it was isolated by swamps to the south. In 1851, George Coppin, a prominent publican, theatrical entrepreneur and actor, built a two-storeyed timber hotel on the corner of The Esplanade. A very high flagpole was erected to signal to his White Horse Cellars hotel at Port Adelaide the approach of ships, earning the area the name Semaphore, often called The Semaphore. In 1856, an official government signal station was established at the intersection of The Esplanade and Semaphore Road and it was also used to record information on water depth, tides and cargo loading. A Telegraph Office opened in 1856 and became a Post and Telegraph Office in March 1871, in 1875, the Time Ball Tower was erected adjacent to the Signal Station. The area was isolated from Port Adelaide by the Port River until 1859 when a wooden bridge, the following year saw the construction of the jetty. The majority of settlers in Semaphore were crewmen of boats. This was further augmented by the construction in 1878 of a railway, carnivals, sideshows and open air cinemas were opened, and 1917 a tram service from Port Adelaide was built. The Semaphore jetty, which was completed in 1860, once stood at 652 m in length and it overlooks the Fort Glanville steam train, which operates as a heritage item by the National Railway Museum. A World War I memorial clock was built in 1925 at the end of the jetty. In 1928, a merry-go-round, the largest in Australia, was constructed, driven by a lift motor and gearbox. An octagonal brick tower with two metre thick walls was erected in Blackler Street in 1880 to maintain a water supply when the Jervois bridge had to be raised for passing ships and it was in use until 1972 after which it was converted into a residence. The birthplace of Sir Ross Smith, the aviator who flew from the United Kingdom to Australia is preserved to this day, at 36 Newman Street. Semaphores beach is the busiest of those on the LeFevre Peninsula, there are large car parks on the foreshore to accommodate visitors. The beach is wide, with an amount of wide sand. The surf is low and good for swimming, but surfing is not possible

21.
Torrens Island
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Torrens Island is located in the Port River Estuary between the Port River and Barker Inlet, about 15 km northwest of the Adelaide city centre in South Australia. Since European settlement of Adelaide in 1836, it has used for a number of purposes. Being uninhabited, an island, adjacent to Port Adelaide, and near Outer Harbor, one example of its use was during the so-called Boonah crisis. There were two stations on the site at different times, the surviving Torrens Island Quarantine Station is listed on the South Australian Heritage Register. The Torrens Island Internment Camp was a World War I detention camp which held up to 400 men of German or Austro-Hungarian background between 9 October 1914 and 16 August 1915. There are two stations on Torrens Island, Torrens Island Power Station, completed in 1967, and since 2007 operated by AGL Energy. Quarantine Power Station, built and operated since 2002 by Origin Energy, original capacity 95 MW, Torrens List of islands of Australia List of power stations in South Australia

22.
Largs Pier Hotel
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Largs Pier Hotel is located on the corner of The Esplanade and Jetty Road in Largs Bay, South Australia. The Largs Pier Hotel opened in 1882 on the day as the Largs Bay Railway. From 1882 till around 1892 the Largs Pier was the port of call for New Australians travelling from Europe. Many of these immigrants spent their first nights in Australia at the hotel, the Largs Pier Hotel has a rich history of live performances. Jimmy Barnes has such fond memories of playing at the venue that he wrote a song in 2010 honouring the Hotel, Largs Pier Hotel, aC/DC frontman Bon Scott met his wife, Irene Thornton at the Hotel after a performance in 1974. Other rock bands to play at the venue include Lobby Loyde, Split Enz, The Angels, Cold Chisel, in addition to Mississippi, Skyhooks, Little River Band and Rose Tattoo. The drive through bottle shop at the Largs Pier Hotel was the first of its kind in Australia opening in 1953

23.
Exeter, South Australia
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Exeter is a north-western suburb of Adelaide 14 km from the CBD, on the LeFevre Peninsula, in the state of South Australia, Australia and falls under the City of Port Adelaide Enfield. It is adjacent to Semaphore, Birkenhead, Largs Bay and Glanville, C It is bounded to the south by Exmouth Road, to the north by Hargrave Street and in the east and west by the Outer Harbor railway line and Woolnough Road respectively. Exeter is essentially a residential suburb, on 18 May 1850, Phillip Levi purchased the land sections 1104-1107, Hundred of Port Adelaide. John Lapthorne sailed to South Australia on the Orissa in 1840 and he was born in Exeter, in the English county of Devon, in 1807 and died at Exeter, Adelaide in 1889, the suburb is named after his home town. An early landmark was the Lord Exmouth Hotel, of which William Knapman was in 1859 the first licensee and, at least in part, the eponym of the hotel, Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth died at Teignmouth,15 miles south of Exeter, England. The association of the suburbs name deepens, as Knapmans wife Charlotte was born in Christow near Exeter, Exeter post office opened 1 October 1947, but closed 14 May 1986. The historic former Port Adelaide and Le Fevres Peninsula Cooperative Society Ltd Store is listed on the South Australian Heritage Register, the suburb is not served by a primary school, and the closest is Le Fevre Primary School in Birkenhead, or the Catholic Dominican Primary School in Semaphore. The local high school is Le Fevre High School, in nearby Semaphore South, there is little commercial activity in the area, as this is plentiful east of the river in Port Adelaide. The 352 &353 serves Woolnough Road and Hargrave Street, while the 156 &333 serve Causeway Road, Exeter is part of the state electoral district of Lee. Since 2014 Lees member of South Australias House of Assembly has been Stephen Mullighan, Stephen is a member of the Australian Labor Party. His electoral office is at Shop 4, 173-177 Tapleys Hill Road, Exeter is part of the federal division of Port Adelaide. Since 1997 Port Adelaides member of the Commonwealth of Australias House of Representatives has been Mark Butler, Mark is a member of the Australian Labor Party. His electoral office is at 15 Semaphore Road, Semaphore

24.
Merchant vessel
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A merchant vessel or trading vessel is a boat or ship that transports cargo or carries passengers for hire. This excludes pleasure craft that do not carry passengers for hire, most countries of the world operate fleets of merchant ships. However, due to the costs of operations, today these fleets are in many cases sailing under the flags of nations that specialize in providing manpower. Such flags are known as flags of convenience, currently, Liberia and Panama are particularly favoured. Ownership of the vessels can be by any country, however, the Greek-owned fleet is the largest in the world. Today, the Greek fleet accounts for some 16 per cent of the world’s tonnage, during wars, merchant ships may be used as auxiliaries to the navies of their respective countries, and are called upon to deliver military personnel and materiel. The term commercial vessel is defined by the United States Coast Guard as any vessel engaged in trade or that carries passengers for hire. In English, Merchant Navy without further clarification is used to refer to the British Merchant Navy, general cargo ships include multi-purpose and project vessels and roll-on/roll-off cargo. A cargo ship or freighter is any sort of ship or vessel that carries cargo, goods, thousands of cargo carriers ply the worlds seas and oceans each year, they handle the bulk of international trade. Cargo ships are usually designed for the task, often being equipped with cranes and other mechanisms to load and unload. Dry cargo ships today are mainly bulk carriers and container ships, bulk carriers or bulkers are used for the transportation of homogeneous cargo such as coal, rubber, copra, tin, and wheat. Container ships are used for the carriage of miscellaneous goods, a bulk carrier is an ocean-going vessel used to transport bulk cargo items such as iron ore, bauxite, coal, cement, grain and similar cargo. Bulk carriers can be recognized by large box-like hatches on deck, the dimensions of bulk carriers are often determined by the ports and sea routes that they need to serve, and by the maximum width of the Panama Canal. Most lakes are too small to accommodate bulk carriers, but a large fleet of lake freighters has been plying the Great Lakes, container ships are cargo ships that carry all of their load in truck-size containers, in a technique called containerization. They form a common means of commercial freight transport. A tanker is a designed to transport liquids in bulk. Tankers can range in size from several hundred tons, designed to serve small harbours and coastal settlements, to several hundred thousand tons, gas Carriers such as LNG carriers as they are typically known, are a relatively rare tanker designed to carry liquefied natural gas. It has a deadweight of 565 thousand metric tons and length of about 458 meters, the use of such large ships is in fact very unprofitable, due to the inability to operate them at full cargo capacity, hence, the production of supertankers has currently ceased

25.
Charles W. Morgan (ship)
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Charles W. Morgan is an American whaling ship built in 1841 whose active service period was during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Ships of this type were used to harvest the blubber of whales for whale oil. The ship has served as a ship since the 1940s. She is the worlds oldest surviving merchant vessel, and the surviving wooden whaling ship from the 19th century American merchant fleet. She was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966, Charles Waln Morgan chose Jethro and Zachariah Hillmans shipyard in New Bedford, Massachusetts to construct a new ship. Charles W. Morgans live oak keel was laid down in February 1841, the bow and stern pieces of live oak were secured to the keel by an apron piece. The sturdy stern post was strengthened with hemlock root and white oak, yellow pine shipped from North Carolina was used for the ships beams and hemlock or hackmatack was used for the hanging knees. Construction of Charles W. Morgan proceeded until April 19,1841, the strike gathered support until it encompassed the shipyard, the oil refineries, and the cooper shops, Morgan was appointed chairman of the employers and given the task of resolving the strike. Morgan opposed their demands, and a meeting with four master mechanics ended in failure, on May 6, an agreement was reached when the workers accepted a ten-and-a-half-hour workday. Work resumed on the ship without incident and she was launched on July 21,1841, the ship was registered as a caravel of 106 1⁄2 feet in length,27 feet 2 1⁄2 inches inches in breadth, and 13 feet 7 1⁄4 inches in depth. The ship was outfitted at Rotchs Wharf for the two months while preparations were made for its first voyage. The eponymous name, Charles W. Morgan, was rejected by her namesake builder before being used. Captain Thomas Norton sailed Charles W. Morgan into the Atlantic alongside Adeline Gibbs, a stop was made at Porto Pim on Faial Island to gather supplies before crossing the Atlantic. The ship passed Cape Horn, then charted a course to the north, on December 13, the men launched in their whaling boats and took their first whale, harpooning and killing it with the thrust of a lance under the side fin. Charles W. Morgan entered the port of Callau in early February, in 1844, the ship sailed to the Kodiak Grounds before sailing for home on August 18. Charles W. Morgan returned to her port in New Bedford on January 2,1845.56. In her 80 years of service from her port of New Bedford, Massachusetts. Charles W. Morgan, in total, brought home 54,483 barrels of sperm and she sailed in the Indian and South Atlantic Oceans, surviving ice and snow storms

26.
SS Great Britain
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SS Great Britain is a museum ship and former passenger steamship, which was advanced for her time. She was the longest passenger ship in the world from 1845 to 1854 and she was designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel for the Great Western Steamship Companys transatlantic service between Bristol and New York. While other ships had been built of iron or equipped with a screw propeller and she was the first iron steamer to cross the Atlantic, which she did in 1845, in the time of 14 days. The ship is 322 ft in length and has a 3 and she was powered by two inclined 2 cylinder engines of the direct-acting type, with twin 88 in bore, 6-foot stroke cylinders. She was also provided with secondary sail power, the four decks provided accommodation for a crew of 120, plus 360 passengers who were provided with cabins, dining, and promenade saloons. When launched in 1843, Great Britain was by far the largest vessel afloat, in 1852 she was sold for salvage and repaired. Great Britain carried thousands of immigrants to Australia from 1852 until converted to sail in 1881, three years later, she was retired to the Falkland Islands where she was used as a warehouse, quarantine ship and coal hulk until scuttled in 1937. In 1970, following a donation by Sir Jack Hayward that paid for the vessel to be towed back to the UK. Now listed as part of the National Historic Fleet, she is a visitor attraction and museum ship in Bristol Harbour. After the initial success of its first liner, SS Great Western of 1838, the same engineering team that had collaborated so successfully on Great Western—Isambard Brunel, Thomas Guppy, Christopher Claxton and William Patterson—was again assembled. This time however, Brunel, whose reputation was at its height, construction was carried out in a specially adapted dry dock in Bristol, England. Two chance encounters were to affect the design of Great Britain. In late 1838, John Lairds 213-foot English Channel packet ship Rainbow—the largest iron-hulled ship then in service—made a stop at Bristol, Brunel despatched his associates Christopher Claxton and William Patterson to make a return voyage to Antwerp on Rainbow to assess the utility of the new building material. Both men returned as converts to iron-hulled technology, and Brunel scrapped his plans to build a wooden ship, Great Britains builders recognised a number of advantages of iron over the traditional wooden hull. Wood was becoming more expensive, while iron was getting cheaper, Iron hulls were not subject to dry rot or woodworm, and they were also lighter in weight and less bulky. The chief advantage of the hull was its much greater structural strength. The practical limit on the length of a ship is about 300 feet. Iron hulls are far less subject to hogging, so that the size of an iron-hulled ship is much greater

27.
Edwin Fox
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Edwin Fox is the worlds second oldest surviving merchant sailing ship and the only surviving ship that transported convicts to Australia. She is unique in that she is the only intact hull of a wooden sailing ship built to British specifications surviving in the world outside the Falkland Islands. Edwin Fox carried settlers to both Australia and New Zealand and carried troops in the Crimean War, the ship is dry-docked at The Edwin Fox Maritime Centre at Picton in New Zealand. She was built of teak in Calcutta in 1853 and her voyage was to London via the Cape of Good Hope. She then went into service in the Crimean War as a troop ship, on 14 February 1856 she began her first voyage to Melbourne, Australia, carrying passengers, then moved to trading between Chinese ports. In 1858 she was chartered by the British Government as a ship bound for Fremantle. Conditions on board for the four to six-month voyage were harsh and luggage strictly limited, on arrival they often found conditions much harsher than expected, and were also faced with being cut off from family and friends in distant Europe, sometimes for life. Edwin Fox was overtaken by the age of steam, and in the 1880s she was refitted as a floating freezer hulk for the sheep industry in New Zealand. She was towed to Picton in the South Island on 12 January 1897 where she continued as a freezer ship. By this time she had long since lost her rigging and masts, and suffered holes cut in her sides, the ship was in use until 1950, then abandoned to rot at her moorings. In 1965 she was bought by the Edwin Fox Society for the sum of one shilling. In 1967 she was towed to Shakespeare Bay where she remained for the next 20 years, after much further fundraising the ship was refloated and towed to her final home, a dry dock on the Picton waterfront. She floated in and the dock was drained to begin restoration, initially it was planned to restore the ship completely, replacing rigging and refurbishing the interior. It has since decided that this is not practical, not only for reasons of finance. She is thus preserved as a hull with an adjacent informative museum, the trust are also looking for sponsors to continue their work on this unique vessel. She has been given a category I registration from Heritage New Zealand, the Edwin Fox, Picton, New Zealand from H2G2

28.
Star of India (ship)
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Star of India was built in 1863 at Ramsey in the Isle of Man as Euterpe, a full-rigged iron windjammer ship. After a full career sailing from Great Britain to India and New Zealand, retired in 1926, she was not restored until 1962–63 and is now a seaworthy museum ship home-ported at the Maritime Museum of San Diego in San Diego, California. She is the oldest ship still sailing regularly and also the oldest iron-hulled merchant ship still floating, the ship is both a California Historical Landmark and United States National Historic Landmark. She was launched on 14 November 1863, and assigned British Registration No.47617, euterpes career had a rough beginning. She sailed for Calcutta from Liverpool on 9 January 1864, under the command of Captain William John Storry, a collision with an unlit Spanish brig off the coast of Wales carried away the jib-boom and damaged other rigging. The crew became mutinous, refusing to continue, and she returned to Anglesey to repair,17 of the crew were confined to the Beaumaris Jail at hard labor. Then, in 1865, Euterpe was forced to cut away her masts in a gale in the Bay of Bengal off Madras and limped to Trincomalee, Captain Storry died during the return voyage to England and was buried at sea. In late 1871 she began twenty-five years of carrying passengers and freight in the New Zealand emigrant trade, the fastest of her 21 passages to New Zealand took 100 days, the longest 143 days. She also made ports of call in Australia, California, a baby was born on one of those trips en route to New Zealand, and was given the middle name Euterpe. Another child, John William Philips Palmer, was born on the 1873 journey to Dunedin, New Zealand and she was registered in the United States on 30 October 1900. In 1906, the Association changed her name to be consistent with the rest of their fleet and she was laid up in 1923 after 22 Alaskan voyages, by that time, steam ruled the seas. In 1926, Star of India was sold to the Zoological Society of San Diego, California, the Great Depression and World War II caused that plan to be canceled, and it was not until 1957 that restoration began. Alan Villiers, a captain and author, came to San Diego on a lecture tour. Seeing Star of India decaying in the harbor, he publicized the situation, progress was still slow, but in 1976, Star of India finally put to sea again. She houses exhibits for the Maritime Museum of San Diego, is kept fully seaworthy, unlike many preserved or restored vessels, her hull, cabins and equipment are nearly 100% original. This location is slightly west of downtown San Diego, California, the other ships belonging to the Maritime Museum are always docked to the north of Star of India. Her nearest neighbor – since 2007 – is HMS Surprise, a replica of a British frigate, when she sails, Star of India often remains within sight of the coast of San Diego County, and usually returns to her dock within a day. She is sailed by a volunteer crew of Maritime Museum members

29.
El Mahrousa
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El Mahrousa, officially renamed for a period of time as El Horreya, is a super yacht that currently serves as Egypts presidential yacht, and before that as the countrys royal yacht. It was built by the London-based Samuda Brothers company in 1863 at the order of Khedive Ismail Pasha and it is the oldest active yacht in the world and the seventh largest one. It also witnessed much of Egypts modern history since it was first commissioned in the 19th century up till now. This marked the end of the monarchy in Egypt following the 1952 revolution, the ship continued to play a role in the countrys post-revolutionary history and participated in the 1976 United States Bicentennial celebrations. It took Egypts president, Gamal Abdel Nasser, to locations and it notably sailed with President Anwar Sadat to Jaffa, Israel. It was renamed back to El Mahrousa in 2000 and recently became the first ship to cross the New Suez Canal extension in 2015 and she was built by the Samuda Brothers on the River Thames and designed by Oliver Lang along the same lines as HMY Victoria and Albert II. Twice in the ships history significant alterations to the shops length were carried out, firstly by 40 feet in 1872, with a further 16.5 feet being added in 1905. Inglis were one of the first companies to be granted a license by the Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company, in 1869, Mahroussa gained fame as the first ship to pass through the newly completed Suez Canal as part of the opening ceremony. She spent most of her career in the eastern Mediterranean, in 1984 its title as the largest yacht was taken by Prince Abdulaziz, after having retained it for 119 years. Presently, the ship is cared for by the Egyptian Navy, the ship goes to sea about three times a year, usually for just a day. On September 10,2000 after visiting the El Horreya, ex-president Mubarak changed the back to her original name Mahroussa On August 6,2015. List of motor yachts by length

30.
Cutty Sark
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Cutty Sark is a British clipper ship. She continued as a ship until purchased in 1922 by retired sea captain Wilfred Dowman. After his death, Cutty Sark was transferred to the Thames Nautical Training College, by 1954, she had ceased to be useful as a cadet ship and was transferred to permanent dry dock at Greenwich, London, for public display. Cutty Sark is listed by National Historic Ships as part of the National Historic Fleet, the ship has been damaged by fire twice in recent years, first on 21 May 2007 while undergoing conservation. She was restored and was reopened to the public on 25 April 2012, on 19 October 2014 she was damaged in a smaller fire. Cutty Sark was ordered by shipping magnate John Willis, who operated a company founded by his father. The company had a fleet of clippers and regularly took part in the tea trade from China to Britain. In 1868 the brand new Aberdeen built clipper Thermopylae set a time of 61 days port to port on her maiden voyage from London to Melbourne. It is uncertain how the shape for Cutty Sark was chosen. Willis chose Hercules Linton to design and build the ship but Willis already possessed another ship, The Tweed, which he considered to have exceptional performance. The Tweed was a designed by Oliver Lang based on the lines of an old French frigate. She and a ship were purchased by Willis, who promptly sold the second ship plus engines from The Tweed for more than he paid for both. The Tweed was then lengthened and operated as a fast sailing vessel, Willis also commissioned two all-iron clippers with designs based upon The Tweed, Halloween and Blackadder. Linton was taken to view The Tweed in dry dock, Willis considered that The Tweeds bow shape was responsible for its notable performance, and this form seems to have been adopted for Cutty Sark. Linton, however, felt that the stern was too barrel shaped, the broader stern increased the buoyancy of the ships stern, making it lift more in heavy seas so it was less likely that waves would break over the stern, and over the helmsman at the wheel. The square bilge was carried forward through the centre of the ship, in the matter of masts Cutty Sark also followed the design of The Tweed, with similar good rake and with the foremast on both ships being placed further aft than was usual. A contract for Cutty Sarks construction was signed on 1 February 1869 with the firm of Scott & Linton and their shipyard was at Dumbarton on the River Leven on a site previously occupied by shipbuilders William Denny & Brothers. The contract required the ship to be completed six months at a contracted price of £17 per ton

31.
James Craig (barque)
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James Craig is a three-masted, iron-hulled barque restored and sailed by the Sydney Heritage Fleet, Sydney, Australia. Built in 1874 in Sunderland, England, by Bartram, Haswell and she was employed carrying cargo around the world, and rounded Cape Horn 23 times in 26 years. In 1900 she was acquired by Mr J J Craig, renamed James Craig in 1905, unable to compete profitably with freight cargo, in later years James Craig was used as a collier. Like many other sailing ships of her vintage, she fell victim to the advance of steamships, in 1932 she was sunk by fishermen who blasted a 3-metre hole in her stern. Restoration of James Craig began in 1972, when volunteers from the Lady Hopetoun and Port Jackson Marine Steam Museum refloated her, brought back to Sydney under tow in 1981, her hull was placed on a submersible pontoon to allow work on the hull restoration to proceed. Over twenty-five years, the vessel was restored, repaired by both paid craftspeople and volunteers and relaunched in 1997, in 2001 restoration work was completed and she now goes to sea again. A DVD on her restoration has been produced and available from the Sydney Heritage Fleet, James Craig is currently berthed at Wharf 7 of Darling Harbour, near the Australian National Maritime Museum. She is open to the public, and takes passengers out sailing on Sydney Harbour and she is crewed and maintained by volunteers from the Sydney Heritage Fleet. The ship has now made historic return voyages to Hobart and to Port Philip in 2006 and 2008, the voyages to Hobart to coincide with the Wooden Boat Festival. In October 2013 James Craig participated in the International Fleet Review 2013 in Sydney, James Craig is of exceptional historical value in that she is one of only four 19th century barques in the world that still go regularly to sea. She sails out through the Sydney heads fortnightly, when not on voyages to Melbourne, as such she is a working link to a time when similar ships carried the bulk of global commerce in their holds. Thousands of similar ships plied the oceans in the 19th and early 20th centuries linking the old world and she is sailed in the traditional 19th Century manner entirely by volunteers from the Master to the galley crew. Her running rigging consists of 140 lines secured to belaying pins, many of the crew know each rope by name. She achieved 11.3 knots on a voyage from Melbourne in February 2006. The James Craig, her history, recovery and restoration Jeff Toghill The James Craig story Jeff Toghill Welcome Aboard James Craig, flyer for visitors to the ship, Sydney Heritage Fleet, Sydney,2008. The James Craig restoration - archived website from the James Craig Restoration Division, Sydney Heritage Fleet, 1999–2002

32.
County of Peebles (ship)
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County of Peebles was the worlds first four-masted, iron-hulled full-rigged ship, built in 1875 by Barclay Curle Shipbuilders in Glasgow, Scotland for the shipping firm R & J Craig of Glasgow. Her rig was in the Scottish style i. e. Royal sails above double top-sails, R & J Craig ordered a further eleven similar four-masted full-rigged ships for the thriving Indian jute trade, forming what was referred to as the Scottish East India Line. In 1898, County of Peebles was sold to the Chilean Navy, renamed Muñoz Gamero, she was used as a coal hulk at Punta Arenas on the Strait of Magellan. In the mid-1960s she was beached as a breakwater in Punta Arenas, where she lies today with cut-down masts

33.
Elissa (ship)
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The tall ship Elissa is a three-masted barque. She is currently moored in Galveston, Texas, and is one of the oldest ships sailing today, Elissa was built in Aberdeen, Scotland as a merchant vessel in a time when steamships were overtaking sailing ships. She was originally launched on October 27,1877, according to the descendants of Henry Fowler Watt, Elissas builder, she was named for the Queen of Carthage, Elissa, Aeneas tragic lover in the epic poem The Aeneid. Elissa also sailed under Norwegian and Swedish flags, in Norway she was known as the Fjeld of Tønsberg and her master was Captain Herman Andersen. In Sweden her name was Gustav of Gothenburg, in 1918, she was converted into a two-masted brigantine and an engine was installed. She was sold to Finland in 1930 and reconverted into a schooner, in 1959, she was sold to Greece, and successively sailed under the names Christophoros, in 1967 as Achaeos, and in 1969 as Pioneer. In 1970, she was rescued from destruction in Piraeus after being purchased for the San Francisco Maritime Museum, however, she languished in a salvage yard in Piraeus until she was purchased for $40,000, in 1975, by the Galveston Historical Foundation, her current owners. In 1979, after a year in Greece having repairs done to her hull, there, she was prepared for an ocean tow by Captain Jim Currie of the New Orleans surveyors J. K. The restoration process continued until she was ready for tow on June 7,1979, Elissa has an iron hull, and the pin rail and bright work is made of teak. Her masts are Douglas fir from Oregon, and her 19 sails were made in Maine and she has survived numerous modifications including installation of an engine, and the incremental removal of all her rigging and masts. Elissa made her first voyage as a sailing ship in 1985, traveling to Corpus Christi. In Freeport the crew was joined by seventh grader Jerry Diegel and Betty Rusk, his history, a year later, she sailed to New York City to take part in the Statue of Libertys centennial celebrations. When shes not sailing, Elissa is moored at the Texas Seaport Museum in Galveston, public tours are available year-round-provided she is not out sailing. The ship is sailed and maintained by qualified volunteers from around the nation, in July 2011, the U. S. Coast Guard declared Elissa to be not seaworthy. Officials at the Texas Seaport Museum in Galveston where Elissa is berthed were astonished when a Coast Guard inspection in 2011 revealed a corroded hull, the tall ship is inspected twice every five years, said John Schaumburg, museum assistant director. The 2011 inspection uncovered the worst corrosion since the ship was rebuilt in 1982. Texas Seaport Museum raised the $3 million that paid for hull replacement and other long-overdue maintenance projects, the museum also replaced the 22,000 board feet of Douglas fir decking. Including building new quarter deck furniture out of high quality teak, Elissa returned to sailing once again in March 2014

34.
Falls of Clyde (ship)
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Falls of Clyde is the last surviving iron-hulled, four-masted full-rigged ship, and the only remaining sail-driven oil tanker. Designated a U. S. National Historic Landmark in 1989, she is now a museum ship in Honolulu and she is currently not open to the public. In September 2008, ownership was transferred to a new organization, the Friends of Falls of Clyde. Efforts to raise $1.5 million to get the ship into drydock have not succeeded as of 2015, an additional $30 million may be needed to fully restore the ship. In August,2016, the Harbors Division of the State of Hawaii impounded the ship, efforts are underway to convince the Governor to preserve the ship, including an online petition. Falls of Clyde was built in 1878 by Russell and Company in Port Glasgow, Inverclyde, Scotland, launched as the first of nine iron-hulled four-masted ships for Wright and Breakenridges Falls Line. She was named after the Falls of Clyde, a group of waterfalls on the River Clyde and her maiden voyage took her to Karachi, now in Pakistan, and her first six years were spent engaged in the India trade. She then became a tramp pursuing general cargo such as lumber, jute, cement, and wheat from ports in Australia, California, India, New Zealand, and the British Isles. To economize on crew, Matson rigged Falls of Clyde down as a barque, at the same time, he added a deckhouse, charthouse, and rearranged the after quarters to accommodate paying passengers. From 1899 to 1907, she made over sixty voyages between Hilo, Hawaii, and San Francisco, California, carrying general merchandise west, sugar east and she developed a reputation as a handy, fast, and commodious vessel, averaging 17 days each way on her voyages. In 1907, the Associated Oil Company bought Falls of Clyde, ten large steel tanks were built into her hull, and a pump room, boiler and generator fitted forward of an oil-tight bulkhead. In this configuration she brought kerosene to Hawaii and returned to California with molasses for cattle feed, in 1927, she was sold to the General Petroleum Company, her masts cut down, and converted into a floating fuel depot in Alaska. In 1959 she was purchased by William Mitchell, who towed her to Seattle, Washington, in 1963, the bank holding the mortgage on Falls of Clyde decided to sell her to be sunk as part of a breakwater at Vancouver, British Columbia. Kortum and Klebingat aroused interest in the ship in Hawaii, at the end of October 1963, Falls of Clyde was taken under tow bound for Honolulu. Falls of Clyde was given to the Bishop Museum and opened to the public in 1968, in 1970 the grandson of original 19th century designer William Lithgow was engaged to assist in her restoration as a full-rigged ship. Support came from Sir William Lithgow, the shipbuilder and industrialist, whose Port Glasgow shipyard donated new steel masts, in 1973 the ship was entered into the National Register of Historic Places, and declared a U. S. National Historic Landmark in 1989. The ship is now in poor condition, causes of the deterioration of the ship are multiple. The ship has not been dry docked for a long time, preventive maintenance was not performed, although it would have been relatively inexpensive

35.
Lady Elizabeth (1879)
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Lady Elizabeth was an iron barque of 1,155 tons built by Robert Thompson Jr. of Southwick, Sunderland and launched on 4 June 1879. Robert Thompson Jr. was one of the sons of Robert Thompson Sr. who owned and operated the family ran shipyard J. L. Thompson & Sons, Thompson Jr. eventually left the family business in 1854 to start his own shipbuilding business in Southwick, Sunderland. The ship was built for John Wilson as a replacement for the 658-ton, 1869-built barque Lady Elizabeth which sank off Rottnest Island, the builders of the second Lady Elizabeth had also built the first ship. The ship had three masts and was just under average size compared to barques built by Robert Thompson, however, the later Lady Elizabeth was still the seventh largest ship the firm built. John Wilson remained owner of Lady Elizabeth and was captained by Alexander Findley from Montrose until 15 March 1884 when he took out a number of loans from G. Oliver, eventually John Wilson declared bankruptcy and all of his ships, including Lady Elizabeth were sold off. The new owner was George Christian Karran who purchased the ship a few months later, Karrans family owned a number of ships but this was George Christian Karrans first ship. George Christian Karran also captained the ship for a few years, after owning the ship for a few years, Georges elder brother Robert Gick Karran died leading George to take command of Manx King. However, he remained owner of Lady Elizabeth until 1906, in 1906 Lady Elizabeth was purchased by the Norwegian company Skibasaktieselskabet for £3,250. The company was managed by L. Lydersen and Lady Elizabeth was captained by Peter Julius Hoigh, on 23 February 1884, Lady Elizabeth suffered substantial damage from a hurricane. She sustained damage to the front of the deck after it was stoved in. Many of her sails were lost or severely damaged, despite the damage, the ship was able to make it to port in Sydney, Australia where six crew members jumped ship. Another death occurred on the voyage when William Leach fell from aloft and this was the third voyage under the command of Captain Karran. On 10 May 1890, Captain George Christian Karran stepped down as captain after six voyages, lever took command as the new captain of Lady Elizabeth. In January 1906, Lady Elizabeth was sold to the Norwegian company Skibasaktieselskabet of Sundet, during Captain Julius Hoigh’s command of the ship, two crew members went missing after suffering from malarial fever. Lady Elizabeth left Callao, Peru with a crew that included several Finns on 26 September, just after leaving port, one of the Finns, a man named Granquiss, became ill. Captain Hoigh diagnosed his condition as malarial fever, a few days later, another Finnish crewman, Haparanta by name, also became ill with malarial fever. A third crew member also complained of feeling ill, but not as severely, the captain prescribed some remedies to help the sick crew members, and they were allowed to walk the deck to get fresh air. A short time later, Granquiss went missing and the crew were unable to locate him on the ship, around 7,00 pm, Captain Hoigh discovered the other sick Finnish crewmember was also missing

36.
Joseph Conrad (ship)
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Joseph Conrad is an iron-hulled sailing ship, originally launched as Georg Stage in 1882 and used to train sailors in Denmark. After sailing around the world as a yacht in 1934 she served as a training ship in the United States. Australian sailor and author Alan Villiers saved Georg Stage from the scrappers, Villiers planned a circumnavigation with a crew of mostly boys. Joseph Conrad sailed from Ipswich on 22 October 1934, crossed the Atlantic Ocean to New York City, then down to Rio de Janeiro, Cape Town, and across the Indian Ocean and through the East Indies. After stops in Sydney, New Zealand, and Tahiti, Joseph Conrad rounded Cape Horn and returned to New York on 16 October 1936, having traveled a total of some 57,000 miles. Villiers was bankrupted as a result of the expedition, and sold the ship to Huntington Hartford, heir to the A&P supermarket fortune, who added an engine and used her as a yacht. In 1939 Hartford donated the Conrad to the United States Coast Guard for use as a ship for the merchant marine based in Jacksonville. The Conrad continued to serve as a ship until the wars end in 1945. After being laid up for two years, the ship was transferred to Mystic Seaport in Stonington, Connecticut in 1947 where she has remained ever since as a floating exhibit. In addition to her role as a museum, she is also a training vessel and is employed by Mystic Seaport to house campers attending the Joseph Conrad Sailing Camp

37.
Coronet (yacht)
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Coronet, a wooden-hull schooner yacht built in 1885, is one of the oldest and largest schooner yachts in the world. The 131-foot schooner Coronet was designed by William Townsend and built for Rufus T. Bush by the C. & R. Poillon shipyard in Brooklyn, Bush then put forth a $10,000 challenge against any other yacht for a transatlantic race. After winning the 3, 000-mile race and the $10,000 purse, Rufus T. Bush decided to sell Coronet, Rufus and his son Irving T. Bush then circumnavigated the globe on Coronet in 1888. Coronet was the first registered yacht to cross Cape Horn from East to West, after crossing the Pacific Ocean and stopping in Hawaii, Coronet made port in China, Calcutta, Malta and elsewhere. Coronet was sold before Rufuss death in 1890 The vessel then passed through six different owners by 1905, the Coronet circumnavigated the globe several times and was used for a Japanese-American scientific excursion during an eclipse. The Kingdom, an organization founded by Frank Sandford, purchased the ship in 1905 for $10,000 and took it around the world on prayer missions. Coronet took a poorly planned missionary voyage to Africa in 1911 which resulted in six persons on board dying of scurvy, after the voyage, The Kingdom kept the yacht moored at Portland, Maine as well as Gloucester, Massachusetts and owned her until 1995. The International Yacht Restoration School, in Newport, Rhode Island acquired the boat in the 1995, IYRS added Coronet to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island Coronets History with The Kingdom Page that details Coronets ongoing restoration Historic American Engineering Record No, rI-59, Schooner Yacht Coronet, International Yacht Restoration School, Thames Street, Newport, Newport County, RI

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Polly Woodside
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Polly Woodside is a Belfast-built, three-masted, iron-hulled barque, preserved in Melbourne, Australia, and forming the central feature of the South Wharf precinct. The ship was built in Belfast by William J. Woodside and was launched in 1885. Polly Woodside is typical of thousands of smaller iron barques built in the last days of sail, intended for deep water trade around the world and designed to be operated as economically as possible. Polly Woodside was built at the shipbuilding yard of Workman, Clark and Co, Queens Island, Belfast during 1885, for William J. Woodside. She was launched on 7 November 1885, the performed by the owners wife, Mrs Marian Woodside. In sixteen voyages between December 1885 and August 1903 she made a number of arduous passages around Cape Horn, the Polly Woodsides operating crew, including master and mate was generally less than 20. In 1904 Polly Woodside was sold to A. H. Turnbull of New Zealand and renamed Rona after Miss Rona Monro, valued in 1906 at £4,300, Rona then generally operated on the New Zealand–Australian run, carrying timber, salt, cement, grain and coal. The ship changed hands in 1911 for £3000 to Captain Harrison Douglas, of New Zealand, because of the heavy loss of shipping in the 1914–1918 war, Rona also traded between New Zealand ports and San Francisco, carrying case oil and copra. Two mishaps occurred in the last years of the ships sailing career, in March 1920 the schooner W. J. Pirie, under tow in San Francisco harbour, collided with Rona at anchor, carrying away her headgear. Then in June 1921 the Rona, carrying a cargo of coal, grounded on Steeple Rock, fortunately, the shingle bottom caused little damage and she was able to be towed into Wellington harbour. However, some slight stress fractures to the hull plating could still be seen when the ship was dry-docked in 1974, maritime historian Georg Kåhre has described the early 1920s as the final abandonment of sail by most of the worlds maritime nations. In the hectic economic climate of the war there had been no question of scrap prices. However, by 1922 this had changed, World freight rates were sliding in the post war slump, what had been marginal before was now uneconomic. A few larger sailing ships defied this trend, but not the relatively small Rona, in September 1921 the ship was laid up, then sold to Adelaide Steamship Company for service as a coal hulk in Australia. She arrived in Sydney on 8 October 1922, and by early 1923 had been stripped down, in March 1925 the Lammeroo towed Rona to Melbourne for this purpose. She spent the next 40 years quite unremarkably, bunkering coal-burning ships in the Port of Melbourne, an exception was her war service, during the Second World War. In 1943 she was requisitioned as a lighter by the Royal Australian Navy for service with other hulks in New Guinea waters. She was taken under tow of ST Tooronga on 28 October 1943 and she was then taken in tow by ST Wato and towed to Milne Bay in New Guinea waters

39.
Wavertree (ship)
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Wavertree is a historic iron-hulled sailing ship built in 1885. Now the largest iron sailing vessel afloat, it is located at the South Street Seaport in New York City, Wavertree was built in Southampton, England in 1885 and was one of the last large sailing ships built of wrought iron. She was built for the Liverpool company R. W. Leyland & Company, the ship was first used to carry jute between eastern India and Scotland. When less than two years old the ship entered the tramp trades, taking cargoes anywhere in the world, in 1910, after sailing for a quarter century, the ship was dis-masted off Cape Horn and barely made it to the Falkland Islands. Rather than re-rigging the ship its owners sold it for use as a warehouse at Punta Arenas. Wavertree was converted into a barge at Buenos Aires, Argentina in 1947. This ship was discovered in 1967 at the Riachuelo River in Buenos Aires by an American citizen working on a sand barge, the ship was sent to the Arsenal Naval Buenos Aires for restoration. In 1969 after restoration was complete, the ship was towed to New York, the vessel was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 13,1978. The restoration included the replacement of steel plates below the waterline, a new ballast system, updated electrical systems, the restoration started in May 2015, and ended in 25 September 2016, when the ship returned to South Street Seaport museum. Media related to Wavertree at Wikimedia Commons South Street Seaport Museum - Wavertree

40.
Balclutha (1886)
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Balclutha, also known as Star of Alaska, Pacific Queen, or Sailing Ship Balclutha, is a steel-hulled full rigged ship that was built in 1886. She is the square rigged ship left in the San Francisco Bay area and is representative of several different commercial ventures, including lumber, salmon. She is a U. S. National Historic Landmark and is preserved at the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park in San Francisco. She was added to the National Register of Historic Places on 7 November 1976, Balclutha was built in 1886 by Charles Connell and Company of Scotstoun in Glasgow, Scotland, for Robert McMillan, of Dumbarton, Scotland. Designed as a trader, Balclutha rounded Cape Horn 17 times in thirteen years. During this period she carried cargoes such as wine, case oil, and coal from Europe and these included Chile for nitrate, Australia and New Zealand for wool, Burma for rice, San Francisco for grain, and the Pacific Northwest for timber. In 1899 Balclutha transferred to the registry of Hawaii, and traded timber from the Pacific Northwest to Australia, in 1902 Balclutha was chartered to the Alaska Packers Association. After having struck a reef off of Sitkinak Island near Kodiak Island on May 16,1904, for this trade she carried over 200 crew and passengers, as compared to the 26-man crew she carried as the Balclutha. In 1911 the poop deck was extended to the main mast to accommodate Italian and Scandinavian workers and this expansion is called the shelter deck. In the tween deck, bunks for Chinese workers were built and her last voyage in this trade was in 1930, when she then was laid up after her return home. In 1933, Star of Alaska was renamed Pacific Queen by her new owner Frank Kissinger, in this guise she appeared in the film Mutiny on the Bounty starring Clark Gable and Charles Laughton. She then eked out an existence as a ship, gradually deteriorating. In 1954, Pacific Queen was acquired by the San Francisco Maritime Museum, in 1985 she was designated a National Historic Landmark. In 1988, she was moved to her present mooring at Hyde Street Pier of the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park and she is host to a monthly Chantey Sing in the shelter deck 8pm to midnight on the first Saturday of every month. List of large sailing vessels National Park Service, archived from the original on 2005-02-05. Retrieved 2006-04-06. com Comedian Jonathan Winters Detained In San Francisco

41.
Sigyn (ship)
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Sigyn, built in Gothenburg 1887, now museum ship in Turku, is the last remaining wooden barque used for trade across the oceans. At the time she was there were thousands of similar vessels. She was quite small even for her time, considering she was built for long-distance trade, in these times the steam ships were taking over the most important routes, the Suez canal was already built and the Panama canal was planned. The tonnage of steam ships passed that of sailing ships in 1890, ten and thirty years later in Sweden, on the other hand, this was the time when big barques of steel were built. Sigyn was planned for another niche, the size and small draught made her suited to also use small remote harbours. The first decade Sigyn sailed on the Atlantic on tramp trade, mostly with wood, in 1897 she made one journey to Bangkok. After 1900 she sailed mostly in European waters, after being severely damaged while seeking shelter outside Kristiansand 1913, Sigyn was rerigged as a barquentine. She was already old for being a ship and the freight prices on ocean trade were declining, so a cheaper rig suited for coastal trade on the Baltic. This changed with the World War, transatlantic trade became very profitable, after Sigyn ran aground in 1917 the copper hooding protecting against shipworm was removed and sold. Sigyn was thus no longer fit for the oceans and she was bought by Salsåkers ångsåg, a Swedish sawmill by the Gulf of Bothnia. In 1927 Sigyn was sold to Finland, like other sailing ships in these times. The buyer Arthur Lundqvist from Vårdö in the islands was one of the last big peasant shipowners. The shipping companies of the family remain as Lundqvistrederierna, as representative for nautical circles Otto Andersson, rector of Åbo Akademi, proposed 1936 the foundation of a maritime museum in Turku. A museum ship was needed and Sigyn was soon considered the best alternative, at that time there were only a few museum ships worldwide and Sigyn was to be the first in Finland. Sigyn was bought 1939 and opened for the public 3 June 1939, before the end of the year the Winter War begun, followed by the Continuation War. Sigyn was damaged, and there was a lack of funds. After the wars there were negotiations about Sigyn sailing as merchant ship again, there was a shortage of tonnage after the war, so this would be profitable, but risky. The proposition was turned down and Sigyn was repaired by donated money

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Af Chapman (ship)
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Af Chapman, formerly Dunboyne and G. D. Kennedy, is a full-rigged steel ship moored on the western shore of the islet Skeppsholmen in central Stockholm, Sweden, now serving as a youth hostel. The ship was constructed by the Whitehaven Shipbuilding Company, located in Whitehaven, Cumberland and she was originally known as Dunboyne, after a town in County Meath, Ireland. Her maiden voyage was from Maryport, Cumberland, England, to Portland, Oregon, the Swedish Navy used her as a training ship and as such she made several trips around the world, running aground at Port Aleza, Puerto Rico, on 13 July 1934. Her final voyage was in 1934, but she served as a ship during World War II. In 1947 the Stockholm City Museum saved the ship from being broken up and it serves as a youth hostel with 285 beds. During 2008 the ship underwent a comprehensive restoration, while the ship was being worked on in a drydock, the adjacent youth hostel Skeppsholmen remained open. The ship is docked on the next to the Admiralty House

43.
Arthur Foss
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Arthur Foss, built in 1889, as the Wallowa, in Portland, Oregon, it is the oldest wooden-hulled tugboat afloat in the United States. It started off towing sailing ships over the Columbia River bar, Wallowa was built in 1889 in Portland, Oregon for the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company. The steam engines for the new vessel came from a tug, Donald. As built, Wallowa was 111.5 feet long, with a beam of 23.75 feet, Capt. George A. Pease, one of the most experienced pilots on the Columbia River, took Wallowa downriver from Portland to Astoria on September 3,1889. A. F. Goodrich and John S. Kidd served as engineers on the tug in its early years, the first master of Wallowa was Capt. R. E. Howes was born in 1846 in Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and had been captain of the tug Donald, from which the engines had come for Wallowa. Donald had been used to tow vessels across the bar at the mouth of the Columbia River. Wallowa was taken on its first inspection trip across the Columbia bar on September 23,1889, present on board were a number of O. R. & N officials, including the chief of maritime and riverine operations, Capt. James W. Troup. Wallowa returned to Astoria that afternoon, having been found to be satisfactory for bar service. In 1898, in response to the Klondike Gold Rush, she transported barges full of gold-seeking miners, there is only one other Alaskan Gold Rush vessel still operating today. After the gold rush, she returned to the Pacific Northwest, in 1929, she was purchased by Foss Tug & Launch Company, and leased to MGM Studios to star in the 1933 blockbuster hit Tugboat Annie. Afterwards, Foss rebuilt the ship from the waterline up, and installed a state-of-the-art,700 hp Washington Ironworks diesel engine, a year later, a power-steering assist system was installed, because the prop wash from the more powerful engine made steering virtually impossible for a single person. In February 1941 Arthur Foss was sent under charter agreement with contractors, Pacific Naval Air Bases to Wake Island for construction of harbors, in March she was joined by Justine Foss at Wake. Arthur Foss, under Captain Oscar Rolstad, was assigned the task of towing barges loaded with supplies, twelve hours out of Wake, the news of the attack on Pearl Harbor was received. While underway, the crew hastily mixed all the paint onboard with engine grease, the ship was spotted by US naval scout planes and escorted into Pearl Harbor on December 28,1941 where Admiral Claude Bloch cited the crew for action beyond the call of duty. Arthur Foss was the last vessel to escape Wake Island before Imperial Japanese forces captured the island on 23 December 1941, Arthur Foss was acquired by the US Navy in 1942, renamed Dohasan and designated YT-335 and later YTM-335. In 1946 the tug was returned to Foss Towing and Barge Co. Arthur Foss has a six-cylinder,700 horsepower diesel engine that produces 18,382 lb. ft of torque, at 200RPM. Her top speed is 13 knots, the vessel is 120 feet long with a beam of 23.9 feet and a draft of 16 feet

National Trust of South Australia
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Collectively, the constituent National Trusts own or manage over 300 heritage places, and manage a volunteer workforce of 7000 while also employing about 350 people nationwide. Around 1,000,000 visitors experience the properties and their collections in Australia each year, the driving force behind the establishment of the National Trust in Austral

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National Trust building, Sydney

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Annie Wyatt home, Gordon

Birkenhead, South Australia
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Birkenhead is a north-western suburb of Adelaide 14 km from the CBD, on the Lefevre Peninsula, in the state of South Australia, Australia, and lies within the City of Port Adelaide Enfield. It is adjacent to Peterhead, Exeter and Glanville and it is bounded to the south by the Gawler Reach of the Port River, to the north by Hargrave Street and in t

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Tom 'Diver' Derrick Bridge from Birkenhead, South Australia

Port Adelaide
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Port Adelaide is the name of a region of Adelaide, approximately 14 kilometres northwest of the Adelaide CBD. It is also the namesake of the City of Port Adelaide Enfield council, a suburb, Port Adelaide played an important role in the formative decades of Adelaide and South Australia, with the port being early Adelaides main supply and information

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View of Port Adelaide over the Port River from Birkenhead, with (L to R) Lighthouse Hotel, Port Adelaide Lighthouse and Fisherman's Wharf Market visible.

Midland, Ontario
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Midland is a town located on Georgian Bay in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Huronia region of Central Ontario, situated at the southern end of Georgian Bays 30,000 Islands, Midland is the economic centre of the region, with a 125-bed hospital and a local airport. It is the town of the southern Georgian Bay area. The town of Midla

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Statue of a trumpeter swan in downtown Midland.

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Martyrs' Shrine

Ontario
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Ontario, one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada, is located in east-central Canada. It is Canadas most populous province by a margin, accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians. Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and it is home to the nations capital city, Ottawa, and the nati

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Algonquin Provincial Park, Cache Lake

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Flag

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Summer at Sandbanks Provincial Park on Lake Ontario.

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The Niagara Escarpment on the Bruce Peninsula.

Brisbane
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Brisbane is the capital of and most populous city in the Australian state of Queensland, and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbanes metropolitan area has a population of 2.35 million, the Brisbane central business district stands on the original European settlement and is situated inside a bend of the Brisbane River, about 15 kilometr

Adelaide
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Adelaide is the capital city of the state of South Australia, and the fifth-most populous city of Australia. In June 2016, Adelaide had a resident population of 1,326,354 million. South Australia, with a total of 1, the demonym Adelaidean is used in reference to the city and its residents. Adelaide is north of the Fleurieu Peninsula, on the Adelaid

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From top to bottom, left to right: Central Adelaide from Mount Lofty, the UniSA Building on North Terrace, St Peter's Cathedral, the beachside suburb of Glenelg, a rotunda in Elder Park, and Victoria Square illuminated in the evening

National Trust of Australia
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Collectively, the constituent National Trusts own or manage over 300 heritage places, and manage a volunteer workforce of 7000 while also employing about 350 people nationwide. Around 1,000,000 visitors experience the properties and their collections in Australia each year, the driving force behind the establishment of the National Trust in Austral

1.
National Trust building, Sydney

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Annie Wyatt home, Gordon

National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide
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The National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide, South Australia, is Australias largest railway museum with over 100 exhibits on display, primarily from the Commonwealth and South Australian Railways. The first locomotive arrived on 24 August 1964, with the Mile End Railway Museum officially opened on 5 December 1970, the original site had only a small

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The Ron Fitch Pavilion at the museum, 2014.

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One of the museum's steam engines hauling a special train on the museum site - 3' 6" gauge on right, 1' 6" gauge on left.

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South Australian Railways broad gauge 504 and narrow gauge Y97

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Steam engine Bub at Callington station, National Railway Museum

South Australian Aviation Museum
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The South Australian Aviation Museum displays aircraft and aircraft engines of relevance to South Australia and aviation in Australia. It is also the home of the Defence Science and Technology Organisations heritage rocket collection and it is located in Port Adelaide, South Australia. The Museums origins can be traced to 1984 when it was started b

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South Australian Aviation Museum

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Sea Venom (WZ931) at the South Australian Aviation Museum, Port Adelaide

South Australian Maritime Museum
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The South Australian Maritime Museum is a state government museum, part of the History Trust of South Australia. The Museum opened in 1986 in a collection of buildings in the heart of Port Adelaide. The Museum presents exhibitions in a pair of adjoining stone warehouses and it offers visitors the opportunity to climb the Port Adelaide lighthouse th

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The steam tug Yelta

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The Archie Badenoch

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The ketch Nelcebee

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The ketch Falie

Torrens Island Concentration Camp
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The Torrens Island Internment Camp was a World War I concentration camp, located on Torrens Island in the Port River Estuary near Adelaide in South Australia. The camp opened on 9 October 1914 and held up to 400 men of German or Austro-Hungarian background and they were held without trial under the provisions of the War Precautions Act 1914. The So

Alberton Oval
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Alberton Oval is located in Alberton, a north-western suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. The ground is a park and exclusively leased to the Port Adelaide Football Club for Australian rules football. With the nearby Queenstown Oval built upon in 1876, the Alberton, the land was donated by the former Mayor of Port Adelaide, John Formby. The Queen a

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View across Alberton Oval towards the Fos Williams Stand.

Port Adelaide Football Club
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The Port Adelaide Football Club is a professional Australian rules football club based in Alberton, Port Adelaide, South Australia. The clubs senior team plays in the Australian Football League whilst its reserves, Port Adelaide is the oldest professional football club in South Australia and the fifth-oldest club in the AFL. Since the clubs first g

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Port Adelaide

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Left: Inaugural club president John Hart. Right: Port Adelaide played at Glanville Hall Estate from 1870-1879.

City of Adelaide (1864)
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City of Adelaide is a clipper ship, built in Sunderland, England, and launched on 7 May 1864. The ship was commissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS Carrick between 1923 and 1948 and, after decommissioning, was known as Carrick until 2001. At a conference convened by HRH The Duke of Edinburgh in 2001, the decision was made to revert the name to City of

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City of Adelaide stranded on Kirkcaldy Beach in South Australia, in August 1874.

Falie
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Falie is a 46-metre ketch that traded for many years in Australian waters. Originally built in 1919 as the motor schooner collier Hollands Trouw, she was purchased by the Spencers Gulf Transport Company, renamed and she was retired in 1982, then purchased by the South Australian government for preservation. Although initially used for day and overn

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Falie

MV Nelcebee
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The MV Nelcebee is an auxiliary schooner that served the South Australian coastal trade from 1893 to 1982. Nelcebee was built in at Rutherglen in Scotland by Thomas Seath and it was assembled and tested before being broken into parts and shipped to South Australia where it was reassembled by Thomas Cruickshank in Port Adelaide. Nelcebee commenced s

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MV Nelcebee

One and All
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One and All is a tall ship based in Adelaide, and rigged for twelve sails, which are controlled by 100 lines. After being launched in 1985, she took part in the First Fleet Re-enactment Voyage as part of Australias bicentenary celebrations and she was commonly used for sail training, offering courses and voyages that last from between a few hours t

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One and All

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The One and All with yards manned, about to moor at the McLaren Wharf, Port Adelaide

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The One and All 's figurehead

Port River
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The Port River is a river located north of the Adelaide central business district in the Australian state of South Australia. The Port River is the branch of the largest tidal estuary on the eastern side of Gulf St Vincent. It extends inland through the historic Inner Harbour of Port Adelaide, before European settlement of Adelaides western suburbs

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Aerial view of the Port River estuary

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Pleasure cruise, merchant ships and industry on the river

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Wreck of the Sunbeam in the graveyard

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Torrens Island Power Station and transmission lines viewed from North Arm Creek

Semaphore, South Australia
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Semaphore is bounded to the north by Union and Hargrave Streets, to the south by Hart Street, to the west by Gulf St Vincent and to the east by Woolnough Road and Swan Terrace. It is adjacent to Semaphore South, Glanville, Exeter and Largs Bay, the postcode for Semaphore is 5019. Semaphore was first surveyed for sale in 1849, at time it was isolate

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Semaphore Adelaide,

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World War I memorial clock, dedicated in 1925

Torrens Island
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Torrens Island is located in the Port River Estuary between the Port River and Barker Inlet, about 15 km northwest of the Adelaide city centre in South Australia. Since European settlement of Adelaide in 1836, it has used for a number of purposes. Being uninhabited, an island, adjacent to Port Adelaide, and near Outer Harbor, one example of its use

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The 1280MW Torrens Island Power Station from the Port River, Adelaide, South Australia.

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The 95MW Quarantine Power Station on Torrens Island, Adelaide, South Australia with the Port River in the foreground. This station lies between the old Quarantine Station and the larger Torrens Island Power Station.

Largs Pier Hotel
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Largs Pier Hotel is located on the corner of The Esplanade and Jetty Road in Largs Bay, South Australia. The Largs Pier Hotel opened in 1882 on the day as the Largs Bay Railway. From 1882 till around 1892 the Largs Pier was the port of call for New Australians travelling from Europe. Many of these immigrants spent their first nights in Australia at

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Largs Pier Hotel

Exeter, South Australia
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Exeter is a north-western suburb of Adelaide 14 km from the CBD, on the LeFevre Peninsula, in the state of South Australia, Australia and falls under the City of Port Adelaide Enfield. It is adjacent to Semaphore, Birkenhead, Largs Bay and Glanville, C It is bounded to the south by Exmouth Road, to the north by Hargrave Street and in the east and w

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Hotel Lord Exmouth, in Exeter

Merchant vessel
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A merchant vessel or trading vessel is a boat or ship that transports cargo or carries passengers for hire. This excludes pleasure craft that do not carry passengers for hire, most countries of the world operate fleets of merchant ships. However, due to the costs of operations, today these fleets are in many cases sailing under the flags of nations

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The Colombo Express, one of the largest container ships in the world, owned and operated by Hapag-Lloyd of Germany

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Commercial crude oil supertanker AbQaiq

Charles W. Morgan (ship)
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Charles W. Morgan is an American whaling ship built in 1841 whose active service period was during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Ships of this type were used to harvest the blubber of whales for whale oil. The ship has served as a ship since the 1940s. She is the worlds oldest surviving merchant vessel, and the surviving wooden whaling ship fr

SS Great Britain
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SS Great Britain is a museum ship and former passenger steamship, which was advanced for her time. She was the longest passenger ship in the world from 1845 to 1854 and she was designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel for the Great Western Steamship Companys transatlantic service between Bristol and New York. While other ships had been built of iron or

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SS Great Britain in dry dock at Bristol in 2005.

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The SS Great Western on her maiden voyage

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Artist's impression of SS Archimedes

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Replica of Great Britain ‍ '​s original six-bladed propeller on the museum ship. This propeller proved totally unsatisfactory in service and was quickly replaced with a four-bladed model.

Edwin Fox
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Edwin Fox is the worlds second oldest surviving merchant sailing ship and the only surviving ship that transported convicts to Australia. She is unique in that she is the only intact hull of a wooden sailing ship built to British specifications surviving in the world outside the Falkland Islands. Edwin Fox carried settlers to both Australia and New

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Interior of hull of Edwin Fox, on display at Picton, New Zealand

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Stern of the Edwin Fox, showing existing copper plating.

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Detail of bow showing remaining copper plating

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Lower deck of Edwin Fox. The Upper deck no longer exists

Star of India (ship)
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Star of India was built in 1863 at Ramsey in the Isle of Man as Euterpe, a full-rigged iron windjammer ship. After a full career sailing from Great Britain to India and New Zealand, retired in 1926, she was not restored until 1962–63 and is now a seaworthy museum ship home-ported at the Maritime Museum of San Diego in San Diego, California. She is

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Star of India docked in San Diego

El Mahrousa
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El Mahrousa, officially renamed for a period of time as El Horreya, is a super yacht that currently serves as Egypts presidential yacht, and before that as the countrys royal yacht. It was built by the London-based Samuda Brothers company in 1863 at the order of Khedive Ismail Pasha and it is the oldest active yacht in the world and the seventh lar

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History

Cutty Sark
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Cutty Sark is a British clipper ship. She continued as a ship until purchased in 1922 by retired sea captain Wilfred Dowman. After his death, Cutty Sark was transferred to the Thames Nautical Training College, by 1954, she had ceased to be useful as a cadet ship and was transferred to permanent dry dock at Greenwich, London, for public display. Cut

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Cutty Sark in 2015

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Cutty Sark with sails set. Photograph taken at sea by Captain Woodget with a camera balanced on two of the ship's boats lashed together.

James Craig (barque)
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James Craig is a three-masted, iron-hulled barque restored and sailed by the Sydney Heritage Fleet, Sydney, Australia. Built in 1874 in Sunderland, England, by Bartram, Haswell and she was employed carrying cargo around the world, and rounded Cape Horn 23 times in 26 years. In 1900 she was acquired by Mr J J Craig, renamed James Craig in 1905, unab

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James Craig in Geelong in 2006

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As Clan Macleod

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James Craig leaving Forgacs Dockyard in 2007

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James Craig in Hobart for Wooden Boat Show in Feb 2013

County of Peebles (ship)
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County of Peebles was the worlds first four-masted, iron-hulled full-rigged ship, built in 1875 by Barclay Curle Shipbuilders in Glasgow, Scotland for the shipping firm R & J Craig of Glasgow. Her rig was in the Scottish style i. e. Royal sails above double top-sails, R & J Craig ordered a further eleven similar four-masted full-rigged ships for th

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History

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Muñoz Gamero and the Cavenga in Punta Arenas as breakwater

Elissa (ship)
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The tall ship Elissa is a three-masted barque. She is currently moored in Galveston, Texas, and is one of the oldest ships sailing today, Elissa was built in Aberdeen, Scotland as a merchant vessel in a time when steamships were overtaking sailing ships. She was originally launched on October 27,1877, according to the descendants of Henry Fowler Wa

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History

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The foremast of the Elissa

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The Tall Ship Elissa

Falls of Clyde (ship)
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Falls of Clyde is the last surviving iron-hulled, four-masted full-rigged ship, and the only remaining sail-driven oil tanker. Designated a U. S. National Historic Landmark in 1989, she is now a museum ship in Honolulu and she is currently not open to the public. In September 2008, ownership was transferred to a new organization, the Friends of Fal

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Falls of Clyde at Honolulu Harbor

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Falls of Clyde

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The Falls of Clyde (detail of the prow)

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Looking forward along the deck

Lady Elizabeth (1879)
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Lady Elizabeth was an iron barque of 1,155 tons built by Robert Thompson Jr. of Southwick, Sunderland and launched on 4 June 1879. Robert Thompson Jr. was one of the sons of Robert Thompson Sr. who owned and operated the family ran shipyard J. L. Thompson & Sons, Thompson Jr. eventually left the family business in 1854 to start his own shipbuilding

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Lady Elizabeth

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An ad placed in October 1900 for Lady Elizabeth.

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Lady Elizabeth in 2012.

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Lady Elizabeth can be seen on the left in this 2007 photo of the harbor.

Joseph Conrad (ship)
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Joseph Conrad is an iron-hulled sailing ship, originally launched as Georg Stage in 1882 and used to train sailors in Denmark. After sailing around the world as a yacht in 1934 she served as a training ship in the United States. Australian sailor and author Alan Villiers saved Georg Stage from the scrappers, Villiers planned a circumnavigation with

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Joseph Conrad

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Joseph Conrad in 2008

Coronet (yacht)
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Coronet, a wooden-hull schooner yacht built in 1885, is one of the oldest and largest schooner yachts in the world. The 131-foot schooner Coronet was designed by William Townsend and built for Rufus T. Bush by the C. & R. Poillon shipyard in Brooklyn, Bush then put forth a $10,000 challenge against any other yacht for a transatlantic race. After wi

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CORONET (Wooden Hull Schooner Yacht)

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Page 1, The New York Times, March 27, 1887

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Coronet interior, showing original woodwork

Polly Woodside
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Polly Woodside is a Belfast-built, three-masted, iron-hulled barque, preserved in Melbourne, Australia, and forming the central feature of the South Wharf precinct. The ship was built in Belfast by William J. Woodside and was launched in 1885. Polly Woodside is typical of thousands of smaller iron barques built in the last days of sail, intended fo

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Polly Woodside is an iron-hulled, three-masted barque currently forming the major attraction of the Melbourne Maritime Museum.

Wavertree (ship)
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Wavertree is a historic iron-hulled sailing ship built in 1885. Now the largest iron sailing vessel afloat, it is located at the South Street Seaport in New York City, Wavertree was built in Southampton, England in 1885 and was one of the last large sailing ships built of wrought iron. She was built for the Liverpool company R. W. Leyland & Company

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Wavertree

Balclutha (1886)
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Balclutha, also known as Star of Alaska, Pacific Queen, or Sailing Ship Balclutha, is a steel-hulled full rigged ship that was built in 1886. She is the square rigged ship left in the San Francisco Bay area and is representative of several different commercial ventures, including lumber, salmon. She is a U. S. National Historic Landmark and is pres

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Balclutha at her mooring in San Francisco.

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View aft from foredeck

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Anchor windlass in forecastle

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January 15, 2012

Sigyn (ship)
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Sigyn, built in Gothenburg 1887, now museum ship in Turku, is the last remaining wooden barque used for trade across the oceans. At the time she was there were thousands of similar vessels. She was quite small even for her time, considering she was built for long-distance trade, in these times the steam ships were taking over the most important rou

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Sigyn in the Aura River in Turku (2008)

Af Chapman (ship)
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Af Chapman, formerly Dunboyne and G. D. Kennedy, is a full-rigged steel ship moored on the western shore of the islet Skeppsholmen in central Stockholm, Sweden, now serving as a youth hostel. The ship was constructed by the Whitehaven Shipbuilding Company, located in Whitehaven, Cumberland and she was originally known as Dunboyne, after a town in C

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The af Chapman in its present form as a youth hostel.

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G.D.Kennedy under sails

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af Chapman seen from Blasieholmen

Arthur Foss
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Arthur Foss, built in 1889, as the Wallowa, in Portland, Oregon, it is the oldest wooden-hulled tugboat afloat in the United States. It started off towing sailing ships over the Columbia River bar, Wallowa was built in 1889 in Portland, Oregon for the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company. The steam engines for the new vessel came from a tug, Donald.