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...Study guideMargaret Fuller, “The Great Lawsuit,” pp. 736-747: Study Guide/Discussion Forum questions
F 10/12: No classes: faculty/staff meetings. Read: Fuller, intro (736-39), and “The Great Lawsuit” (739-747). Write: response to questions on Angel Discussion Forum #2 [questions below on this sheet, too]. Original post (your own response) due: 4 p.m. Second post (response to a classmate’s points) due 8 a.m. Monday. Discussion forum is instead of SRQ for Friday; we will meet in class on Monday to discuss it.
M 10/15: In class: wrap-up of Fuller; beginning Thoreau. Read: Henry David Thoreau, intro (825-29) and “Resistance to Civil Government” (a.k.a. “Civil Disobedience,” 829-44). Please complete your response on the Fuller discussion forum by 8 a.m. and also write an SRQ on Thoreau’s “Civil Disobedience” essay. Use the note-taking guide to help with Thoreau’s essay.
Questions on Fuller:
First, a caution: Fuller uses names of many people who were famous in her day to illustrate her ideas. Don’t worry if you have no idea who these people are. The footnotes in the text are helpful, but the main thing to do is see what Fuller finds admirable (or not so admirable) about the people she mentions. Look at the values she seems to want readers to focus on.
For the discussion forum, focus on question #1; if you want to discuss questions 2 and 3 in addition, great, but not required. We’ll discuss them in class on Monday.
Question #1: On pages 739-44, Fuller......

...STUDY GUIDE: MODULE 2
As you read this week’s textbook reading assignments, take notes in response to these questions and statements. This study guide will help you to prepare for your quiz.
Harbin.
Chapter 2
1. What is the term toledot, and why is it important?
A Hebrew word usually translated “the account of” in the NIV or “the generations of” in the NASB. It serves as a structural indicator for the book of Genesis, and a better translations may be “this is what became of”
2. What is the significance of the two creation accounts? How are they similar, and how are they different?
3. What is the significance of the use of the different names of God in Genesis 1 and 2?
They are used for the purposed of reflecting the different roles of God in the creation account.
4. What are the different views on the seven days of creation in Genesis 1:1–2:3? What are the strengths and weaknesses of each?
One group views it as mythological or even poetry- it is viewed as prescientific attempt to explain the origin of the world. Followers of this view dismiss the entire account as a poetic way of saying God created the universe, and the “days” are mere literary devices used by the writer to give structure.
Another group notes that the Hebrew word “day” can also meanan extended period of time. Those who follow this view look at the various physical phenomena used to date the universe, taking everything into account they propose a long period of development that......

...disease such as the smallpox, yellow fever and malaria as the uninvited Europeans invaded their land. The isolation of the Indians from the rest of the world made their immunity to new diseases very weak. The invasion known as the beginning of the Columbian Exchange brought an epidemic upon Native Americans along with new species of plants, animals and technologies.
Christopher Columbus arrived in the main land of America in 1492 by mistake. He planned to find a route to India, but has mistakenly arrived to the shore of America, and as a result, he called the people of the new land “Indians” as we still know them today. This was just one many voyages that tied the New world of America to the rest of the world. As the epidemic swept the new world, so did vast exchanges of plants that altered the diets Amerindians and the rest of the world, especially Europe. The Indians were introduced to olives, grapes, rice, sugar, onions and many other crops. Pigs, cattle sheep and rabbits were introduced; however, the horse had the greatest positive impact on the Native peoples. The new creature enhanced their military capabilities along with hunting. Hunting herds of bison in the plains would become much easier and efficient.
The negative effect of the new animals was the sudden increase in the number of cattle across the new world. The first viceroy of Mexico wrote to the Spanish king: “May your lordship realizes that if the cattle are allowed, the Indians will be destroyed”.......

...integration (1947-1957)?
Hillary Clinton 001518 - 000 International Baccalaureate Extended Essay History (field of study) May 2011 Sturgis Charter Public School
Word Count: 3984
Abstract This page follows immediately after the title page.
The abstract cannot be more than 300 words. The word count must be listed at the bottom of the page.
The abstract is NOT an introduction and should be written last. The minimum requirements for the abstract are to state clearly: the research question being investigated the scope of the investigation the conclusions of the essay.
The abstract may include all or some of the following features: A clear statement of the essay’s purpose and the research question. A statement of the thesis or argument and an explanation of the structure for the development of the thesis argument. The conclusions reached. Discussion of the various sources used.
The abstract should be able to stand on its own. If your essay was lost, the reader of your abstract should be able to understand what your paper was trying to convey through your central argument and organization.
Student Number
Word Count: 295
Table of Contents This page follows immediately after the Abstract. Example: Table of Contents
Introduction………………………………………………………….. ……………...1 Max Ernst’s Art before World War II ……………………………………….2 Max Ernst’s Art during World War II ……………………………………….5 Max Ernst’s Art after the War …………………………………………………10......

...Laura Rose
World Civilization 101
March 6, 2014
“Egypt, birthplace of the oldest known civilization in Africa,” is a statement in the gallery of the Brooklyn Museum of Art. Egypt has influenced many civilizations. Hebrew: Moses and Monotheism, Greco-Roman civilization, Yoruba gods, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Islamic social structures all have social institutions that dialectically emerge from the Egyptian culture.
There are many aspects to the Egyptian culture. Family is very important to Egyptians; family was seen to be superior then just an individual. Blood relations are significant in all social relations, even though the family consisted of both nuclear and extended family. How they greeted each other were bases on their religion. It is traditionally a handshake, which should be first done by a woman; if not the men most bow their heads in respect.¹ Egyptians had a lot of pride in their family and it was expected for the children to take care of the parents when they get elderly. Women were allowed to get married after their first menstrual cycle while men were allowed to around the age of 16 to 20; that’s when they were expected to be able to know how to care for a family.² In Egypt people were allowed to engage in premarital sex, as long as they stayed faithful after marriage. For example women were seen as equal to men legally. They were able to own property and slaves, to administer and sell land, to make their own wills, to sign their own marriage contracts, and to...

...Eric Grimes
Hsiang-Wang Liu
World Civilizations III
November 11, 2012
The Wealth and Poverty of Nations
Why Some Are So Rich and Some Are So Poor
The book, The Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why some are so rich and some are so poor, discusses that the characteristics of a society’s cultural history is the key to explaining success, in today’s global world. It also discusses why they achieve economic success while others remain mired in poverty. This book was written by David Landes, a professor of history and economics at Harvard University. The book was first published in 1998. It is based off of Adam Smith’s, The Wealth of Nations, written in 1776. The moral of this book describes how the writer explores the differences between the West and the Middle East, Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The book explains how our people got to a certain place in the world and the difficulties getting there. David Landes believes that this topic is overdue for discussion and feels he should step up to the subject.
Landes starts with discussing the geography of the nations. He mentions in chapter one that many rich countries lie in the temperate zones, particularly in the northern hemisphere and the poor countries are in the tropics and semi- tropics. Philosophers believe that “this reveals the deepseated optimistic bias with which we approach problems of development and the reluctance to admit the vast differences in initial conditions with which today’s poor countries are......

...Hsiang-Wang Liu
World Civilizations III
November 11, 2012
The Wealth and Poverty of Nations
Why Some Are So Rich and Some Are So Poor
The book, The Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why some are so rich and some are so poor, discusses that the characteristics of a society’s cultural history is the key to explaining success, in today’s global world. It also discusses why they achieve economic success while others remain mired in poverty. This book was written by David Landes, a professor of history and economics at Harvard University. The book was first published in 1998. It is based off of Adam Smith’s, The Wealth of Nations, written in 1776. The moral of this book describes how the writer explores the differences between the West and the Middle East, Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The book explains how our people got to a certain place in the world and the difficulties getting there. David Landes believes that this topic is overdue for discussion and feels he should step up to the subject.
Landes starts with discussing the geography of the nations. He mentions in chapter one that many rich countries lie in the temperate zones, particularly in the northern hemisphere and the poor countries are in the tropics and semi- tropics. Philosophers believe that “this reveals the deepseated optimistic bias with which we approach problems of development and the reluctance to admit the vast differences in initial conditions with which today’s poor countries are faced compared...

...Chapter 15 Study Guide
In 1200, the Middle East and north Africa were dominated by two powerful empires: Byzantine and Islamic caliphate. By 1400, this structure was in disarray:
• Byzantine was in decline, pressed by invading Ottoman Turks. Constantinople fell to Turks in 1453, ending empire.
• By 1200s, the Muslims had fallen to Mongols. Arabs never able to unite the entire region again.
Decline of Islamic caliphate: decline of caliphate and its economy was gradual and incomplete – not at all like the dramatic fall of Rome
• authority of caliphate declined, landlords seized power, peasants became serfs on large estates
• agricultural productively declined, tax revenues declined
• Arab and Middle Eastern traders lose ground: European merchants began to exercise control of their turf and challenge the Arabs in other parts of the Mediterranean. Still, Arab and Persian commerce remained active in Indian Ocean.
• The emerging Ottoman Turks expanded into southeastern Europe, and the power (both politically and militarily) was frightening to other people in other areas, such as western Europe.
A Power Vacuum in International Leadership
• Turkish rulers unable to reestablish Islamic position in international trade. Turks scornful of Arabs (though both were Muslim), did not promote trade, especially maritime trade, as vigorously as in past.
• Turkic expansion was important well into 17th century, but real focus was on......

...Study Guide for Mesopotamia and Egypt
Vocabulary words you will need to know for the test are:
Cuneiform- Earliest forms of writing
Diaspora- Jews that live outside Israel
Delta-
Empire- A single supreme authority
Fertile Crescent- An area of fertile soil
Hieroglyphics- Egyptian form of writing
Mesopotamia- It’s the area of the Tigris-Euphrates
Monotheistic- Belief of only one god
Mummification- How Egyptians prepared the body before burial.
Papyrus- Ancient Egyptian paper
Pharaoh- Egyptian king
Polytheistic- Belief of more than one god
Rosetta Stone- A stone with writing on it in two different languages
Sabbath- A religious day for jews
Theocracy- A government of three
Torah- A book of religious laws for jews
Ziggurat- Rectangular stepped tower
Important People:
Cyrus the Great- The first Assyrian king
Darius the third king of persia
David king of Isreal
Hammurabi the sixth Amorite king
Hatshepsut the fifth pharaoh of eygpt
Nebuchadnezzar Assyrian king
Ramses II the third pharaoh
Sargon akkadian emperor
Solomon the king of Israel and son of david
Thurmose III the third pharaoh of the 18th dynasty
Tutankhamen pharaoh of the 18th dynasty
Zoroaster the founder of zorastrianism
Concepts you will need to know for this test are:
1.) Who was the first civilization to settle in the Fertile Crescent?
Mesopotamia
2.) Why was Mesopotamia called, “land between the rivers”? What...

...POL 140 – STUDY GUIDE
*NOTE: Not everything on this study guide will be on the exam and not everything on the exam is on this study guide. This study guide is exactly that, a guide.
1) What is comparative politics?
* Why do we study it? What does it allow us to do?
* How is it distinct from international relations (IR)?
* Explain the significant relationship between comparative politics and IR. Give an example.
2) What a hypothesis?
* Give an example.
3) What is a dependent variable?
* Give an example
4) What is an independent variable?
* Give an example
5) What are the three methods used to test hypotheses in comparative political analysis? Be able to explain each and note the costs and benefits of each.
6) Know the difference between empirical and normative studies.
7) Know the distinctions between the three types of pre-colonial societies that we discussed in class.
* Acephalous societies
* State societies
* Empires
* Know the differences of each. Pay attention to the details.
8) Colonialism – Why was Europe successful in colonizing the non-Western world?
9) What was the Maxim Gun?
* How was it different than earlier machine guns?
* What impact did it have on European colonization?
10) Who were the big players?
* Latin America
* Asia
* Africa
* Describe “the scramble for Africa”
11) What are the three Gs?
* Gold
* The Age of......

...Historical Accuracies and Inaccuracies of Saving Private Ryan
By Foday Bangura
World Civilization
Mrs. Beavers
2 April 2015
World War II is probably considered one of the most violent and horrific wars in modern history. There have been many reenactments of this historical moment in Hollywood. One movie that portrayed events significantly during World War II is Saving Private Ryan by Steven Spielberg. Even though Saving Private Ryan is critically acclaimed for its realistic battle scenes and won multiple academy awards for its cinematic display and accuracy of events, there are still many inaccuracies throughout the movie as well. This film can be considered one of the greatest war movies of all time, but even some of the greatest reenactments can be inaccurate at times relating to history.
The movie is about a group of troops on a mission to find another soldier in the name of Ryan so they can bring him back home to his mother. The reason they had to bring him back is because he had three older brothers already in war, but unfortunately were killed during battle. This resulted in the effort to try to find Ryan to bring him back home to his mother because he was the youngest, and to avoid all brothers being killed. During this journey to retrieve Ryan many troops were killed along the way, but at the end the troops finally found Ryan and brought him back home. During the journey, the movie reenacts historical moments such D-day. For example, the......

...Jeremy Drummond
History of World Civilizations
Dr. Israel
December 9, 2014
Horrible Aztecs or Hypocritical Spaniards?
Since the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Americas in 1492, many other “explorers” sought to conquer the various native tribes and exploit the resources the Americas had to offer. When discovered by the European explorers, it was only a matter of time the not-so-great- Spanish conquistadors arrived with their plans to take over the Americas – even if it meant generating rumors and propaganda about how horrible the Aztecs were. The conquistadors would bring back reports to Europe saying the Aztecs were a brutal, human sacrificing cult who needed to be destroyed. While there is some archeological evidence to back up these claims, the Spanish strongly exaggerated the truth about such to coerce the Christians in Western Europe into thinking their invasion of the Americas was okay.
Upon arriving in Mexico, Hernando Cortes, a famous Spanish Explorer who unbeknownst to many gave California its name, was an enslaver and murderer of not only the Aztecs, but his own people as well. “He was known to dismantle his own ships in an effort to force his followers had no choice but to follow him inland (Jaffee).”1 The sheer self-righteousness of he and his followers, none can fathom. At first, Cortes was mistakenly thought to be “Quetzalcoatl,” or the “bearded god of the Aztecs” because of his light skin and beard. On the contrary, Cortes is nothing close...

...A Study of Civilization and Isolation
Transformations in the way early humans developed their culture and society led to the marked distinctions that define their civilization. Intellectual, cultural and material developments are the driving factors behind the formation of the Mesopotamian civilization. Civilization in the West states that the Mesopotamians had survival in mind when they began forming a civilization ; however, I believe that they envisioned a greater existence in forming a civilization. The Minoan civilization was destined to remain isolated on the island of Crete. In contrast, the Mesopotamians' option of migrating anywhere in the Middle East proves conclusively that they sought a better life for themselves through the formation of a centralized civilization.
Mesopotamia is considered the first civilization ever created and it was no accident that it formed. One could say that the people of Mesopotamia came together to fight the powers of Mother Nature. It was obvious that Mother Nature was not on their side, whether it be the thin soil in the north or the lack of rain in the south. Mesopotamians that once settled in scattered towns and villages came together to form small settlements and towns that they used to build irrigation systems. In centralizing their population, they benefited from the additional manpower that was necessary to carry on the irrigation systems that gave them a better day to day life. Organization of an agriculture system was...