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THE COSTS OF URBAN TRAVEL IN CANADA

LES COUTS DES DEPLACEMENTS URBAINS AU CANADA

This report presents quantitative estimates of the costs of urban travel, including both private out-of-pocket costs and social costs, such as congestion, accidents, energy depletion and the provision of those roadways and parking facilities whose costs are not borne by the individual. The trip-maker's value of time is also taken into account. The estimates are based on conditions in Canadian urban areas in 1975. A comparison is made between the costs of trips by automobile and by transit for 4 specific cases illustrative of typical urban trips. In general, the total costs of using transit are found to be below those of the automobile for trips into or out of the urban core during peak periods. For trips not oriented toward the core area or for trips in non-peak periods, transit costs are still below those of the automobile, but only if no consideration is given to travelers' time. /Authors/