The Sociedad Peruana de Derecho Ambiental (SPDA) will use this second phase grant to disseminate, refine, and help implement in the Peruvian Amazon the legal framework for private biodiversity conservation areas and concessions it successfully developed during a first phase of funding (Grant #436). By providing direct legal technical assistance to federal (INRENA) and regional (PROCREL) protected area management agencies and to private landowners, SPDA will ensure that regulatory frameworks are applied at all government levels, that at least 250,000 ha of new protected areas under legal private conservation instruments and concessions are established in the Peruvian Amazon, and that management of new and existing private conservation areas is appropriately monitored and implemented. At the end of this grant, public and private actors will be effectively applying legal and economic instruments for private and public conservation in the Peruvian Amazon, and SPDA will have the capacity to analyze and improve the legal situation of private conservation mechanism elsewhere in the Andes-Amazon region.