Chapter 1

What is the formula for Sulfuric Acid? What is the formula for Nitrogen? What is the formula for Oxygen? What is the formula for Ethylene? What is the formula for Lime? What is the formula for Propylene? What is the formula for Ammonia? What is the formula for Chlorine? What is the formula for Phosphoric Acid? What is the formula for Sodium Hydroxide?

H2SO4 N2 O2 C2H4 CaO C3H6 NH3 Cl2 H3PO4 NaOH

What are the differences between a gas, a liquid, and a solid?

Gas-vapor that has no fixed volume or shape; it conforms to the volume and shape of its container; it can be compressed to occupy a smaller volume or can expand to occupy a larger volume.

What's the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

Physical Change-can be measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance (i.e. color, odor, density, melting point, boiling point, and hardness).

Chemical Change-a change or reaction to form other substances; flammability, the ability of a substane to burn in the presence of oxygen is a common chemical property.

Aspirin is composed of 60.0% carbon, 4.5% hydrogen, and 35.5% oxygen by mass, regardless of its source. Use Figure 1.9 on page 9 to characterize and classify aspirin.

It is a compound because it has constant composition and can be separated into several elements.

What is the Name of the Unit and the Abbreviation for the Physical Quantity of the following: Mass Length Time Temperature Amount of substance Electric Current Luminous Intensity

(b) Calculate the volume of 65.0 g of the liquid methanol (wood alcohol) if its density is 0.791 g/mL.

(c) What is the mass in grams of a cube of gold (density = 19.32 g/cm^3) if the length of the cube is 2.00 cm?

(a) (1.00 x 10^2 g) / (7.36 cm^3) Density = 13.6 g/cm^3

(b) (65.0 g) / (0.791 g/mL) Volume = 82.2 mL

(c) (2.00 cm)^3 = (2.00)^3cm^3 Volume = 8.00 cm^3

Mass = Volume x Density (8.00 cm^3)(19.32 g/cm^3) = 155 g

(a) Calculate the density of a 374.5 g sample of copper if it has a volume of 41.8 cm^3.

(b) A student needs 15.0 g of ethanol for an experiment. If the density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL, how many milliliters of ethanol are needed?

(c) What is the mass, in grams, of 25.0 mL of mercury (density = 13.6 g/mL)?

(a) 8.96 g/cm^3 (b) 19.0 mL (c) 340 g

(a) How many miles are in a kilometer? (b) How many feet are in a mile? (c) How many yards are in a meter? (d) How many centimeters are in an inch? (e) How many inches are in a centimeter? (f) How many meters are in an Angstrum? (g) How many lbs are in a kilogram? (h) How many grams are in a lb? (i) How many ounzes are in a lb?

(a) A sample of carbon tetrachloride, a liquid once used in dry cleaning, has a mass of 39.73 g and a volume of 25.0 mL at 25 degrees Celcius. What is its density at this temperature?

(b) the density of platinum is 21.45 g/cm^3 at 20 degrees Celcius. Calculate the mass of 75.00 cm^3 of platinum at this temperature.

(c) The density of magnesium is 1.738 g/cm^3 at 20 degrees Celcius. What is the volume of 87.50 g of this metal at this temperature?

(a) 1.59 g/mL. Carbon Tetrachloride, 1.59 g/mL, is more dense then water, 1.00 g/mL; Carbon Tetrachloride will sink in water rather than float.

(b) 1.609 kg

(c) 50.35 cm^3

Gold can be hammered into extremely thin sheets called gold leaf. If a 200 mg piece of gold (density = 19.32 g/cm^3) is hammered into a sheet measuring 2.4 x 1.0 ft, what is the average thickness of the sheet in meters? How might the thickness be expressed without exponential notation, using an appropriate metric prefix?

4.6 x 10^-8 m; 46 nm

Round each of the following numbers to four significant figures, and express the result in standard exponential notation: (a) 102.53070 (b) 656,980 (c) 0.008543210 (d) 0.000257870 (e) -0.0357202

The Morgan silver dollar has a mass of 26.73 g. By law, it was required to contain 90% silver, with the remainder being copper. (a) When the coin was minted in the late 1800s, silver was worth $1.18 per troy ounce (31.1 g). At this price, what is the value of the silver in the silver dollar?

(b) Today, silver sells for about $5.30 per troy ounce. How many Morgan silver dollars are reequired to obtain $25.00 worth of pure silver?