DRAFT: Covers of Early Printed Resources (change to 2.2.2.2)

The task force suggests clarifying the scope of covers in the section of 2.2.2.2 dealing with early printed resources as follows. Addition to existing text shown in bold.

Exception

Early printed resources. If an early printed resource (or a reproduction thereof) lacks a title page, title sheet, or title card (or image thereof), use as the preferred source of information the first of the following sources that bears a title:

a) a colophon (or an image of a colophon)

b) a cover issued with the resource (or an image of a that cover)

c) a caption (or an image of a caption)

BACKGROUND: Embedded Metadata and Problems Related to Types of Sources

The current placement of embedded metadata in the current hierarchy of potential preferred sources is problematic in 2.2.2.3 (moving images) and 2.2.2.4 (everything else).

For web pages and similar resources, the preference for embedded metadata forces the cataloger to use a title from the HTML title tag rather than a title in the body of the web page despite the fact that users are more likely to recognize the latter.

For tangible, digital resources, such as DVD videos, music CDs or DVD-ROMs, the cataloger is forced to search for a title in embedded metadata before using a title on the container or accompanying material. However, users are more likely to recognize a container or guide title. In addition, catalogers do not necessarily have the know-how, time or equipment to access embedded metadata in these resources.

2.2.2.4 is also a difficult instruction to unpack because it covers such a wide range of materials.

The following proposed revision tries to accomplish the following:

Split the current “other” category at 2.2.2.4 into smaller categories of materials that are similar in the types of sources they have. The categories are: (1) tangible non-digital; (2) tangible digital; (3) online.

Adjust the placement of embedded metadata so that catalogers are never forced to use embedded metadata in preference to a source more likely to be recognized by users while still maintaining the option to use embedded metadata. The phrase sources “whose textual content formally presents the title of the resource” is used to indicate a preference for sources requiring less intermediation and to exclude sources that would not normally be encountered by patrons while using the resource.

Support the option to use embedded metadata where appropriate by introducing an alternative allowing catalogers to prefer embedded metadata. This option would be appropriate under some circumstances for mass cataloging of digital objects. It could also be added under 2.2.2.2 for resources consisting of images of pages, etc.

For tangible resources, allow catalogers the flexibility to use only external sources (e.g., labels) rather than internal sources that require more time and equipment to access (e.g., title frames, title screens, disc menus). This is presented as an alternative for tangible digital resources and was present as an option in AACR2 for moving images and computer files on tangible carriers.

BACKGROUND: Collective Titles

Finally, since it is not clear whether the proposed language in 2.1.2 and 2.1.3 to prefer collective titles completely solves the problem of establishing a preference for a collective title, language is introduced here to clarify that. It is given below in each rule, but could also potentially be given in the introductory instruction in 2.2.2.1 instead. It would be less redundant that way, but easier to overlook.

DRAFTS: 2.2.2.4-2.2.2.6 (replacing 2.2.2.4)

The proposal for 2.2.2.4 is given first since the splitting out of different types of resources makes our approach clearer. Since 2.2.2.3 deals with digital moving images on both tangible and online carriers and also has to account for title frames, it is slightly more complicated.

Other Tangible, Non-Digital Resources (new 2.2.2.4)

For a tangible, non-digital resource other than one covered under 2.2.2.2 —2.2.2.3 , use as the preferred source of information the first of the following sources that bears a title. If the first source of information that bears a title only lists the titles of the individual contents and another source forming part of the resource bears a formally-presented collective title, choose the first applicable source bearing a formally-presented collective title.

a) the resource itself (e.g., a slide) or a label that is permanently printed on or affixed to the resource, excluding accompanying textual material or a container (e.g., a label on an audio cassette, or a model)

b) for a comprehensive description, a publisher-supplied container or accompanying material

If the resource does not contain a source of information falling into category a) or b) above, use as the preferred source of information another source forming part of the resource itself.

Other Tangible, Digital Resources (new 2.2.2.5)

For a tangible, digital resource other than one covered under 2.2.2.2 —2.2.2.3 , use as the preferred source of information the first of the following sources that bears a title. If the first source of information that bears a title only lists the titles of the individual contents and another source forming part of the resource bears a formally-presented collective title, choose the first applicable source bearing a formally-presented collective title.

a) an internal source, such as a title screen, whose textual content formally presents the title of the resource

b) a label that is permanently printed on or affixed to the resource, excluding accompanying textual material or a container (e.g., a label on an audio CD, or a label on a DVD-ROM of geographic data)

c) for a comprehensive description, a publisher-supplied container or accompanying material

If the resource does not contain a source of information falling into category a), b), or c) above, use as the preferred source of information another source forming part of the resource itself, including embedded metadata in a textual form that contains a title if that metadata is readily accessible.

Alternative

Use as the preferred source of information the first of the above sources beginning with b) that bears a title

Alternative

Use embedded metadata in textual form that contains a title (e.g., metadata embedded in an MP3 audio file).

Other Online Resources (new 2.2.2.6)

[Background:

There are two types of online resources that fall under 2.2.2.4:

Those that usually include a source whose textual content formally presents the title of the resource during normal use. This includes web pages, text files, streaming videos and some images. For these sources, it makes sense to prefer the title intended for human consumption. For automated processing, there is an option to prefer embedded metadata.

Those that don’t usually or can’t include a source whose textual content formally presents the title of the resource during normal use. This includes audio files and most image files. This is a little more complicated. Any embedded metadata would be part of the resource itself. However, the metadata on a related resource description page is more likely to be recognized by users. We have preferred the metadata on the resource description page in the main rule and provided an alternative to use embedded metadata for those who prefer that approach. In current cataloging of these materials, it can be a little unclear what is being described as the description usually focuses on the digital object, but much of the metadata may come from the resource description page.]

For an online resource other than one covered under 2.2.2.2 —2.2.2.3 , use as the preferred source of information, as applicable, one of the following sources bearing a title whose textual content formally presents the title of the resource. Prefer a source bearing a collective title over a source that lists the titles of the individual contents.

a) a source forming part of the resource

b) a source on the resource description page from which the online resource is linked

If the resource does not contain a source of information falling into category a) or b) above, use as the preferred source of information another source forming part of the resource itself, including embedded metadata in a textual form that contains a title if that metadata is readily accessible.

Alternative

Use embedded metadata in textual form that contains a title (e.g., metadata embedded in a MP3 audio file).

DRAFT: Resources Consisting of Moving Images (2.2.2.3)

If the resource consists of moving images (e.g., a film reel, a videodisc, a video game, an MPEG video file), use as the preferred source of information the first of the following sources that bears a title. If the first source of information that bears a title only lists the titles of the individual contents and another source forming part of the resource bears a formally-presented collective title, choose the first applicable source bearing a formally-presented collective title.

a) the title frame or frames, or title screen or screens

b) a label that is permanently printed on or affixed to the resource, excluding accompanying textual material or a container (e.g., a label on a videodisc)

c) for a comprehensive description, a publisher-supplied container or accompanying material

d) for digital resources, one of the following

a. a source forming part of an online resource

b. a source on the resource description page from which the online resource is linked

c. an internal source forming part of a tangible digital resource, such as a disc menu

whose textual content formally presents the title of the resource

If the resource does not contain a source of information falling into any of the above categories under consideration, use as the preferred source of information another source forming part of the resource itself, including embedded metadata in a textual form that contains a title if that metadata is readily accessible.

Alternative

Use as the preferred source of information the first of the sources above beginning with b) that bears a title, excluding internal sources that form part of a tangible digital resource.

Alternative

Use embedded metadata in textual form that contains a title (e.g., metadata embedded in an MPEG video file).

Discussion on Appendix D (July/Aug. 2012)

Proposal to change 2.2.2.2:

Even if the rest of this Appendix is not approved by CC:DA at this time, I think we should forward this change for consideration.

- Glennan (PCC) 8/1/12

2.2.2.4 through 2.2.2.6

I welcome the separate instructions, which allows for treating these different types of resources in more specific ways.

- Glennan (PCC) 8/1/12

2.2.2.3

These instructions make sense to me; I assume that OLAC is on board with these changes.