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Master the latest electronic warfare (EW) techniques and technologies related to on-board military platforms with this authoritative resource. You gain expert design guidance on technologies and equipment used to detect and identify emitter threats, giving you an advantage in the never-ending chess game between sensor guided weapons and EW systems. This unique book offers you deeper insight into EW systems principles of operation and their mathematical descriptions, arming you with better knowledge for your specific design applications.

Moreover, you get practical information on how to counter modern communications data links which provide connectivity and command flow among the armed forces in the battlefield. Taking a sufficiently broad perspective, this comprehensive volume offers you a panoramic view of the various physical domains—RF, Infrared, and electronics—that are present in modern electronic warfare systems. This in-depth book is supported with over 280 illustrations and more than 560 equations.

Table of Contents

Foreword

xi

Introduction

xiii

Acknowledgments

xiv

Chapter 1 Introduction to Electronic Warfare Scenarios

1

1.1

Definitions and EW Role in the Military Field

1

1.2

Main Weapons Systems of Interest to EW

3

1.2.1

Artillery Systems

6

1.2.2

Missile Systems

7

1.2.3

Active Homing Missiles

10

1.2.4

Track via Missile Systems

12

1.2.5

Passive IR-Guided Missiles

13

1.2.6

Sea-Skimming Missiles

13

1.2.7

Antiradiation Missiles

14

1.3

EW in Symmetric Conflicts

15

1.4

EW in Asymmetric Conflicts

20

References

21

Chapter 2 Evolution of Signal Emitters and Sensors

23

2.1

Introduction

23

2.2

Sensor Electromagnetic Spectrum and Atmospheric Propagation

24

2.3

Radar Principles and Types

26

2.3.1

Radar Equation

29

2.3.2

Radar Structure

32

2.3.3

Radar Signal Processing Fundamentals

37

2.3.4

Automatic Detection

50

2.3.5

Pulse Compression

55

2.3.6

Surveillance Radars

65

2.3.7

LPI Radars

66

2.3.8

Pulse Doppler Radars

75

2.3.9

Tracking Radars

83

2.3.10

Synthetic Aperture Radars

101

2.3.11

Bistatic Radars

104

2.4

Communications

113

2.4.1

Access Methods

115

2.4.2

Digital Signaling

116

2.4.3

Secure Communications

119

2.4.4

Coding of Communication Signals

120

2.4.5

Typical Military Communication Systems

123

2.5

Satellite Navigation Systems

125

2.6

Electro-Optical Thermal Imagers

129

2.6.1

Minimum Resolvable Temperature

136

2.6.2

IR Missile Seekers

139

2.6.3

Missile Approach Warner

147

2.7

Laser Radar Systems

147

2.7.1

Laser Target Designation and Ranging

148

2.7.2

Laser Radar Receivers

149

2.7.3

Laser Radar Range Equation

149

2.7.4

Target Detection

153

References

154

Chapter 3 Electronic Warfare RF Band Sensor Systems

157

3.1

Introduction

157

3.2

EW Radar Band Sensors

158

3.2.1

RWR Architecture

159

3.2.2

ESM Architecture

160

3.2.3

ELINT Architecture

161

3.3

EW Sensor Sensitivity

161

3.3.1

Conclusions

168

3.4

Probability of Interception

168

3.5

EW Radar Band Sensor Architectures

175

3.5.1

Architecture of Past Generation Intercept Receivers

175

3.5.2

Architecture of New EW Radar Band Sensors

184

3.5.3

DSP Technologies

192

3.6

Detection and Classification of LPI Radars

197

3.7

Emitter Deinterleaving and Sorting

204

3.8

Emitter Identification

206

3.9

Communications ESM

208

3.9.1

CESM

208

3.9.2

COMINT

215

3.10

SIGINT

216

3.11

Conclusion

217

References

220

Chapter 4 RF Direction-Finding and Emitter Location Techniques

221

4.1

Introduction

221

4.2

Amplitude Comparison DF Methods

222

4.3

Phase Comparison Monopulse DF Measurement Methods

229

4.3.1

Correlative Phase DF

232

4.4

Time-Difference DF

238

4.5

Emitter Location

244

4.5.1

Triangulation

245

4.5.2

Trilateration

247

4.5.3

Frequency Difference on Arrival Passive Location Technique

251

4.5.4

Inverse Passive Location

255

4.6

Conclusion

259

References

259

Chapter 5 Electronic Countermeasure Systems

261

5.1

Introduction

261

5.1.1

Typical RECM Requirements and Missions

263

5.1.2

EW Radar Jamming Equation

264

5.2

Radar ECM Architecture

267

5.3

Digital Radio-Frequency Memory

272

5.3.1

Phase-Sampled DRFMs

274

5.4

Radar ECM Transmitters

276

5.5

Chaff

289

5.6

Communication ECM Systems

291

5.7

Infrared ECM Systems

295

5.7.1

Flares

300

5.8

Conclusion

302

References

302

Chapter 6 ECM Techniques and Sensor ECCMs

303

6.1

Introduction

303

6.2

ECM Principles and Techniques Used Against Surveillance Radars and Related ECCMs

304

6.2.1

Frequency Agility in Transmission

304

6.2.2

PRI Agility

304

6.2.3

Ultralow Sidelobes

305

6.2.4

Multiple-Sidelobe Cancellers

305

6.2.5

Sidelobe Blanker

308

6.2.6

Adaptive Arrays

310

6.2.7

Noise Jamming

311

6.2.8

False Targets

312

6.3

ECM Principles and Techniques Used Against Tracking Radars and Related ECCMs

The website for this book is: http://www.artechhouse.com/International/Books/Introduction-to-Modern-EW-Systems-1958.aspx

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