Chapter 10 Questions

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The office of the presidency was established by _____ of the Constitution.

Article II

Which of the following attributes did the framers intend for the office of the president to possess?

energy

The rise of national conventions to nominate the president led to the empowerment of what group?

state party leaders

What did the framers mean to accomplish by the indirect election of the president?

to make the president responsible to state and national legislatures

The system of nominating presidential candidates, in the early 1800s, that left the candidates beholden to their party's leaders in Congress was called

King Caucus

Through the act of delegating powers, the national structure of government in the 1930s went from _____ to _____.

legislative centered; presidential centered

The most common form of constitutional powers possessed by the president are _____ powers.

delegated

When the president infers powers from the "rights, duties and obligations" of the presidency, these are called

inherent powers

The turning point in American politics toward a president-centered government came about during the administration of

Franklin D. Roosevelt

The president's position as head of state is defined in the Constitution by all of the following powers except

partisan

The power to declare war is given to whom under the Constitution?

both houses ofCongress

The president must share foreign policy powers with

Congress

The _____ asserted that the president could send American troops into action abroad only in the event of a declaration of war or other statutory authorization by Congress, or if American troops were attacked or directly endangered.

War Powers Resolution of 1973

The goal of the War Powers Resolution was to

limit the power of the president to commit American troops to military action without authorization fromCongress.

The term _____ was coined by critics who feared that the chief executive's powers had grown too great since World War II.

"the imperial presidency"

In undertaking the campaign against the Taliban in 2001, George W. Bush

sought and received congressional authorization for the bombing but not a declaration of war.

When Dwight Eisenhower sent federal troops into Little Rock High School in 1957, it demonstrated that

the president may make unilateral use of the emergency powers to protect states against domestic disorder.

All of the following have been uses of the president's power of amnesty or pardon except

George Washington's amnesty to all Americans who fought for the British during the War for Independence.

Why was George Washington's reception of Edmond Genet as ambassador of France during the French Revolution so significant?

It reflected the authority of the president to officially recognize specific regimes as the official sovereign power of a nation when there is doubt as to who rules.

In order to get around the need for Senate approval of treaties, many contemporary presidents have made use of _____ in foreign affairs.

executive agreements

Executive agreements are different from formal treaties in that they

do not have to be approved by the Senate.

Which of the following statements concerning secret agreements between the president and foreign nations is incorrect?

The Supreme Court upheld the practice of secret agreements as part of the inherent authority of the president.

The president has the power to appoint all of the following, with the approval of the Senate, except

the vice president.

Why is the president's State of the Union address important?

It is an opportunity for the president to set the legislative agenda by initiating proposals and directing public attention to the executive's goals.

What is required for Congress to override a presidential veto?

two-thirds of both houses of Congress

When the president strikes out only specific provisions of a bill but signs the rest, it is called a

line-item veto

Which of the following does the president not have the constitutional power to perform?

a line-item veto

The president's power to set the debate concerning public policy in Congress is called

a legislative initiative

An executive order is

a rule or regulation issued unilaterally by the president, with the status of a law

The president's delegated powers come from

Congress

Which of the following has caused an increase in the president's delegated powers?

the increasing scope and complexity of legislation is increasing

Federal executive agencies do each of the following in implementing legislation except

seek advisory opinions from the federal courts as to the constitutionality of therules.

Which of the following executive agencies has the least level of discretion, as the result of very detailed Congressional legislation?

Internal Revenue Service

Which of the following statements about the cabinet is incorrect?

The cabinet does not meet as a group, except during the State of the Union address

The _____ is the informal designation for the heads of the major federal governmentdepartments.

cabinet

The formal group of presidential foreign policy advisers, established in 1947, is called the

National Security Council.

The groups of advisers and analysts to the president are collectively called the

White House staff.

An informal group of advisers to the president is often called the

Kitchen Cabinet.

The Office of Management and Budget and the Council of Economic Advisers are both parts of

the Executive Office of the President

The National Security Council is composed of all of the following, except the

Speaker of the House

As a means of managing the gigantic executive branch, presidents have increasingly come to rely upon the

White House staff

What is the primary constitutional task of the vice president, besides succeeding the president in case of death, resignation, or incapacitation?

to cast tie-breaking votes in the Senate

The main political value of the vice president is to

bring the president votes in the election from a group or region that would not otherwise be a likely source of support.

After the president and the vice president, which office is next in the line of succession?

Speaker of the House

The first lady is an important resource for the president in his capacity as

head of state

A significant initiative set forth by Lyndon Johnson was

the Great Society.

Who was the first first lady to seek and win public office on her own?

Hillary Clinton

Who was the first first lady to hold a government post?

Eleanor Roosevelt

_____ is the claim that the electorate has given the winner of a presidential election a special authority to carry out her or his plans.

A mandate

When are the president's partisan ties most important?When are the president's partisan ties most important?

in dealing with Congress on legislative matters

Which of the following is not one of the three most common ways in which presidents canexpand their base of power?

Congressional mandate

A president who claims to possess a mandate from the American electorate could arguably

claim that voters have approved the agenda he campaigned on, and that Congress ought therefore to approve it.

The technique of popular mobilization dates back to the presidency of

Theodore Roosevelt.

Why was it considered shocking when, after the Civil War, Andrew Johnson made a series of speeches seeking public support for his Reconstruction policies?

During the nineteenth century, it was seen as undignified for apresident to campaign on his own behalf.

Who coined the term "bully pulpit" to describe the president's use of the media?

1. establish a personal relationship with the American people,through the use of personality.2. drum up continuing support for his programs and policies.3. reach over the heads of congressional opponents by appealing to their constituents directly. (all of the above)

Which of the following statements concerning the idea of a permanent campaign is incorrect?

It allows the president to skirt many campaign financing rules and regulations.

What is the general tendency of a president's popularity?

Presidents usually start out popular and decline over the next four years.

Over the past four presidential administrations there has been _____ in the number of prime time television appearances.

a decline

The Executive Office of the President (EOP) was established

under Franklin Roosevelt in 1939.

When the White House directs administrative agencies to promulgate specific rules and regulations, this is called

regulatory review

What happened when Harry Truman seized control of the nation's steel mills during the Korean War?

The Supreme Court declared his actions without basis in law or the constitution.

Which of the following actions was not the result of an executive order?

the entrance into the United Nations

The decline of voting and political participation by Americans has which of the following effects?

It enhances the power of the president while weakening Congress

According to separation of powers expert Louis Fisher, the powers of Congress have declineddramatically in which of the following areas?