Type classes can express sets and functions on the type level, but they are not first-class. This package expresses type-level sets and functions as types instead.

Instances are replaced by value-level proofs which can be directly manipulated; this makes quite a bit of (constructive) set theory expressible; for example, we have:

Subsets and extensional set equality

Unions (binary or of sets of sets), intersections, cartesian products, powersets, and a sort of dependent sum and product

Functions and their composition, images, preimages, injectivity

The proposition-types (derived from the :=: equality type) aren't meaningful purely by convention; they relate to the rest of Haskell as follows: A proof of A :=: B gives us a safe coercion operator A -> B (while the logic is inevitably inconsistent at compile-time since undefined proves anything, I think that we still have the property that if the Refl value is successfully pattern-matched, then the two parameters in its type are actually equal).