What is Cancer?

Cancer is the 21st century’s major health problem. In some countries, it is more frequent than heart diseases.
Cancer is the name of a certain organ or tissue cell disease caused by deterioration by pointing out irregularities of stricts mechanism control that manages our body.
Today cancer got so common that one in every three people’s life gets affected during their lifetime. The number of patinets suffering from cancer is increasing all over the world. According to researches of cancer, patinets in the world the number will increase to more than 20 million people in the world.

In Turkey, tens of thousand of new cancer diagnoses are being added each year.
In women the most common is breast and uterus cancer and in men, prostate and lung cancer. Skin cancer is common in both genders.
Other common cancers are lung, large bowel cancer (colon), lymphoma, leukemia, cervical in women (cervix) and throat cancer. Although the frightening figures, early diagnosis and preventive measure 90-95% of many cancers are being prevented and cured.

To make this happen, take preventive measures for cancer, cancer screening at regular intervals and scanning for capturing early stages not yet progressed can destroy the tumor.

Hereby, early-detected cancer disease is preventable and treatable. Before cnacer finds out, find it first. The development of cancer arises after a series of complex mechanism. Today, it is accepted that cancer is a genetic disease. This means that development of cancer is not possible before the changing of a normal cell into a genetic structure occurs. Carcinogenic effects are the result of successive development od cancer. The observed disorders are corrected by each of every different defense mechanism in the development of cancer and our immune system plays an active role in recognition and destruction of these disorders on the function as well.
However, despite this cancer may still develop. Among the main reason for this are deficiencies in the immune system and and inapplicability of the defense mechanism.
Ultimately, the nature of cancer cells, which acquired the ability to reproduce excessive amounts of finding the cause of the disease, we know it as cancer.

Scientific studies show that the rsk of cancer increases because of the following factors

These factors can initiate the formation of cancer by acting all together or consecutively.

What is the risk of getting cancer?

Cancer can occur in anyone, however, the risk of cancer increases with age. 77% of all cancer diseases has come across in people over the age of 55. There are two types of cancer risk defined:

1 )1) Lifetime risk: for example risk of breast cancer throughout the life of a woman is 1 to 8. (one out of eight woman has breast cancer). The rate of deahts from breast cancer is 1 in 35. However, despite all these bad data, we see that the number of death dute to breast cancer is significantly reduced. The reason lays in early detection of cancer and advanced treatment cancer methods.

2 )2) Relative risk : defines the relationshop between specific type of cancer and one of the factors that cause cancer, which means the difference between the actual risks with unexposed people exposed to factors known to form a cancer. For example, the risk of lung cancer in male smokers is for 23 times more that of non-smokers..

This rate is lower in other factors. For example, the risk from relatives of first-degree wich had breast cancer is for 2 times higher than for those without family cancer history.

Although all cnacer are also associated with functional disorders of the genes that control cell growth and division, all of the cancer are 5-10% inherited.

What is metastasis?

If cancer cells separate from tumor they occur, they can go to different parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic circulation. Wherever they went in, they continue growing in mass tumor. Metastasis is the way called of spreading the remote regeions of cancer in the body.

What is Oncology?

The study of tumors is called oncology. Onkos (swelling) and logos (science) is a statement that was created with a combination with these Latin words.

Dealing with the disciplines of oncology

These are surgical Oncology, medical Oncology and radiation Oncology. Treatment of patients with joint efforts can be tracked and monitored more closely.Surgical Oncology for the diagnosis of disease is highly effective for removing of existing tumors in patients. Many surgical disciplines are includd in this group. General Surgery, Ear-Nose-Throat, Neurosurgery, Thoracic Surgery, Orthopedics and so on. Patients diagnosed with cancer therapy in which the disease cannot be spread from drugs or surgery and post-operative treatment, is continued with radiography.
The pharmacological therapy treatment of Medical Oncology (Pediatric Oncology in childhood) is carried out by the Radiation Oncology.
As can be seen from all this process, the cancer requires multiple medical disciplines to work together.