21 open source depends on intrinsic motivation "enjoyment based intrinsic motivation, namely how creative a person feels when working on the project, is the strongest and most persuasive driver." Lakhani and Wolf

23 for benefit organizations--economically self sustaining and have public purpose-- are "purpose maximizers"

26 Bruno Frey--"Intrinsic motivation is of great importance for all economic activities. It is inconceivable that people are motivated solely or even mainly by external incentives."

27 Algorithmic task--follow instructions to do something one way 30% of new jobs carrots and sticks can work to motivate

33 "Best use of money as motivator is to pay people enough to take the issue of money off the table"

Carrots and sticks--what was always believed to be the best motivation actually reduces motivation

34 Tom Sawyer--make work seem fun or rewards can turn fun into work

Love and Logic says don't pay kids to do tasks because it tells them that the task sucks, it looks as though Deci is saying that you don't tell them that it sucks by paying them, you just make it suck by paying them.

37 Deci reported 128 experiments show tangible rewards have negative effect on intrinsic motivation--"When institutions families, schools, businesses, and athletic teams focus on short-term and opt for controlling people's behavior," they do considerable long term damage.

39 Incentive pay for teachers in India--higher incentives lead to worse performance

Creativity

44 rewarded subjects have a harder time seeing periphery and crafting original solutions--intrinsic motivation essential for high levels of creativity if-then situation is stifling

Goal setting

Goals people set for themselves and are devoted to mastering are usually healthy, those imposed by others--standardized test scores, quarterly reports etc have dangerous side effects

intrinsic motivation--the reward is the activity itself deepening learning, doing one's best-- there are no shortcuts

50 Daycare fines increase late pick up

57 Flaws of Carrot and Sticks

1. extinguish intrinsic motivation

2. diminish performance

3. crush creativity

4. crowd out good behavior

5. encourage cheating, shortcuts, unethical behavior.

6. can become addictive

7. fosters short-term thinking

60 When carrot and sticks work

If task is 100% algorithmic if even a little heuristic with some thinking then do not use carrots and sticks

62

If task not exciting:

tell why task is necessary

acknowledge task is boring

allow people to complete task in their own way

64 Extrinsic Warning Label

****Best approach establish conditions for motivating environment. Baseline rewards must be sufficient. The team's basic compensation must be adequate and fair. Must have autonomy, opportunity to pursue mastery and daily duties must relate to larger purpose. provide sense of urgency and significance and then get out of the talent's way. ********

Any extrinsic reward should be unexpected and offered only after the task is complete. Not "if-then" but" now that"

1st non tangible rewards--praise positive feedback

2nd provide useful information--praise about effort and strategy rather than achieving a certain outcome

86 management--goal= compliance-- needs control main tool is extrinsic motivator

88 Deci and Ryan "Autonomous motivation involves behaving with a full sense of volition and choice."

89 Cornell--320 small businesses half top down half autonomy--autonomous grew 4x the rate of controlled and had 1/3 the turnover

92 4 T's of Autonomy Task, Time, Technique, Team

94 3M 15%

Google 20%

96 Zero Sum Game-- someone wins so someone else has to lose

111-113 autotelic experiences--the goal is self fulfilling the activity is its own reward Flow

Mastery

118 Dweck,

122 Grit

"Mastery is a pain" 10,000 hours minimum of 10 years

123 Dweck--effort is one of the things that gives meaning to life. effort means you care about something, that something is important to you and you are willing to work for it. It would be an impoverished existence if you were not willing to value thins and commit yourself to working toward them."

127 Flow necessity 48 hours without is similar to psychiatric disorder--oxygen of the soul

Ch 6 Purpose

Part 3 Type I Toolkit

154 Flow Test

Set alarm on phone to go off 40 random times during the week. Each time the alarm goes off write what you are doing, how you feel, whether you are in flow. Record observations, look at patterns, consider questions

Which moments produced feelings of "flow"? Where were you? What were you working on? Who were you with?

Are certain times of day more flow friendly than others? How could you restructure your day based on your findings?

How might you increase the number of optimal experiences and reduce the moments when you felt disengaged or distracted?

If you're having doubts about your job or career, what does this exercise tell you about your true source of intrinsic motivation?

About Me

I have been teaching since 1992. For a years I have been thinking about and tinkering with how to make school more relevant to students. I found there were a lot of other people who were thinking the same things as me. We now call it 20 Percent time or Genius Hour. I believe that education is beginning to make a large shift and a widespread organic change which includes personalized learning is at hand. which includes 20 Percent time in Education or Genius Hour. This creation of specific names for my long held belief about education has me reading, researching and thinking constantly.