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Circumcision in India

Circumcision surgery is performed for removal of loose tissue (foreskin) that covers rounded tip (glans) of penis. There may be cultural or religious reasons for performing circumcision along with medical requirements.

Circumcision for newborns is usually believed to negate risk of penis cancer and minimize risk of cervix cancer for sexual partners. This surgery is also believed to minimize risk of infection to urinary track in infants along with proving beneficial in decreasing STD (Sexually transmitted diseases) risk; especially risk for HIV.

Circumcision surgery procedure is usually completed in half an hour for adult males and may take some time lesser for newborns.

Before beginning the circumcision surgery, genital area is cleaned thoroughly using preparation of surgical scrub; however, pubic hair is not shaved or cut. Body of person to be circumcised is draped with sterile clothes leaving the penis exposed.

Adult men are sometimes circumcised with use of dorsal nerve block. Ring blocks are also used to provide additional relief from pain.

In case of babies, anaesthetic in combination with painkillers are used prior to surgery.

The circumcision surgery process begins with foreskin and glans being separated for completely exposing coronal groove (ridge defining penis glans). This primary step is only in relation to young boys for whom foreskin and glans are yet to be separated fully.

Smegma (dead cells forming white colored pasty substance) if any will be removed. This smegma previously held glans and foreskin together. Foreskin is then replaced to normal position to cover glans.

Scissors are used for making a cut in foreskin towards upper side of penis. One more slit is then made on underside of penis. The foreskin is then cut away at rim of coronal groove and its edges are then pulled back.

Absorbable stitches are used to tie blood vessels. Diathermy (use of electric current) may also be used for heating blood vessel ends. Foreskin edges are then stitched to complete the surgery.

Adult males need to understand that healing of the wound post circumcision will take around six weeks time. During this period, abstaining from sexual arousal of any kind is important for avoiding erection. Erections during healing period can be a hindrance to this process and are also painful.