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Definition of Technical Writing - YourDictionary

- A congenital defect in one or more of the coronary arteries of the heart.

- Surgical rerouting of blood around a diseased vessel that supplies blood to the heart. Done by grafting either a piece of vein from the leg or a piece of the artery from under the breastbone.

- A narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the heart. The condition results from a buildup of plaque and greatly increases the risk of a heart attack.

- Disease of the heart caused by a buildup of atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries that can lead to angina pectoris or heart attack.

- An obstruction of one of the coronary arteries that hinders blood flow to the heart muscle.

- Formation of a clot in one of the arteries carrying blood to the heart muscle. Also called coronary occlusion.

- The removal of tissue using an instrument called a cold probe.

- Blueness of the skin caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood.

- A birth defect of the heart that causes oxygen-poor (blue) blood to circulate to the body without first passing through the lungs.

- A death rate that has been standardized for age so different populations can be compared or the same population can be compared over time.

- A blood clot in a deep vein in the calf (DVT).

- A device that helps restore a normal heart rhythm by delivering an electric shock.

- A disease in which the body doesn't produce or properly use insulin. Insulin is needed to convert sugar and starch into the energy used in daily life.

- The lowest blood pressure measured in the arteries. It occurs when the heart muscle is relaxed between beats.

- A medicine made from the leaves of the foxglove plant. Digitalis is used to treat congestive heart failure (CHF) and heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias).

- A condition in which the layers of an artery separate or are torn, causing blood to flow between the layers. Dissecting aneurysms usually happen in the aorta, the large vessel that carries blood from the heart to other parts of the body and can cause sudden death.

- A technology that uses sound waves to assess blood flow within the heart and blood vessels and to identify leaking valves.

- A speech disorder resulting from muscular problems caused by damage to the brain or nervous system.

- Shortness of breath.

- A method of studying the heart's structure and function by analyzing sound waves bounced off the heart and recorded by an electronic sensor placed on the chest. A computer processes the information to produce a one-, two- or three-dimensional moving picture that shows how the heart and heart valves are functioning.

- Swelling caused by fluid accumulation in body tissues.

- A measurement of the rate at which blood is pumped out of a filled ventricle. The normal rate is 50% or more.

- A test in which several electronic sensors are placed on the body to monitor electrical activity associated with the heartbeat.

- A test that can detect and record the brain's electrical activity. The test is done by pasting metal disks, called electrodes, to the scalp.

- A test that uses cardiac catheterization to study patients who have arrhythmias (abnormal heartbeats). An electrical current stimulates the heart in an effort to provoke an arrhythmia, determine its origin, and test the effectiveness of medicines to treat the arrhythmias.

- Also called embolism; a blood clot that forms in a blood vessel in one part of the body and travels to another part.

- Surgical removal of plaque deposits or blood clots in an artery.

- The smooth membrane covering the inside of the heart. The innermost lining of the heart.

- The smooth inner lining of many body structures, including the heart (endocardium) and blood vessels.

- A bacterial infection of the heart's inner lining (endothelium).

- A state in which the heart is larger than normal because of heredity, long-term heavy exercise, or diseases and disorders such as obesity, high blood pressure, and coronary artery disease.

- A complex chemical capable of speeding up specific biochemical processes in the body.

- The thin membrane covering the outside surface of the heart muscle.

- A female hormone produced by the ovaries that may protect premenopausal women against heart disease. Estrogen production stops after menopause.

- Hormones that some women may take to offset the effects of menopause.

- A common test to help doctors assess blood flow through coronary arteries in response to exercise, usually walking, at varied speeds and for various lengths of time on a treadmill. A stress test may include use of electrocardiography, echocardiography, and injected radioactive substances. Also called exercise test, stress test, nuclear stress test, or treadmill test.

- A genetic predisposition to dangerously high cholesterol levels.

- Substances that occur in several forms in foods; different fatty acids have different effects on lipid profiles.

- Rapid, uncoordinated contractions of individual heart muscle fibers. The heart chamber involved can't contract all at once and pumps blood ineffectively, if at all.

- Occurs when an electrical impulse from the heart's upper chambers (the atria) is slowed as it moves through the atria and atrioventricular (AV) node.

- The rapid, ineffective contractions of any heart chamber. A flutter is considered to be more coordinated than fibrillation.

- A tube-shaped aneurysm that causes the artery to bulge outward. Involves the entire circumference (outside wall) of the artery.

- An x-ray analysis of how blood pools in the heart during rest and exercise. The test uses a radioactive substance to tag red blood cells to allow doctors to estimate the heart's overall ability to pump and its ability to compensate for one or more blocked arteries. Also called MUGA (multiple gated acquisition scan) or nuclear ventriculography.

- Blood tests that study a person's genes to find out if he or she is at risk for certain diseases that are passed down through family members.

- A small, bendable wire that is threaded through an artery; it helps doctors position a catheter so they can perform angioplasty or stent procedures.

- A mechanical device that is surgically implanted to ease the workload of the heart.

- Death of, or damage to, part of the heart muscle caused by a lack of oxygen-rich blood flowing to the heart.

- General term for conditions in which the electrical impulse that activates the heart muscle cells is delayed or interrupted somewhere along its path.

- See congestive heart failure.

- An apparatus that oxygenates and pumps blood to the body during open heart surgery; see cardiopulmonary bypass.

-An abnormal heart sound caused by turbulent blood flow. The sound may indicate that blood is flowing through a damaged or overworked heart valve, that there may be a hole in one of the heart's walls, or that there is a narrowing in one of the heart's vessels. Some heart murmurs are a harmless type called innocent heart murmurs.

- A measure of the percentage of red blood cells in a given amount (or volume) of whole blood.

- A disease in which too much iron builds up in your body (iron overload). Too much iron in the heart can cause irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias) and heart failure. Too much iron in the pancreas can lead to diabetes.

- The genetic transmission of a particular quality or trait from parent to child.

- A chronic increase in blood pressure above its normal range.

- A component of cholesterol, HDL helps protect against heart disease by promoting cholesterol breakdown and removal from the blood; hence, its nickname "good cholesterol."

- A portable device for recording heartbeats over a period of 24 hours or more.

– An amino acid (one of the building blocks that makes up a protein) normally found in small amounts in the blood. Too much homocysteine in the blood may promote the buildup of fatty plaque in the arteries. For some people, high homocysteine levels are genetic. For others, it is because they do not get enough of certain B vitamins in their diet. (Common misspelling: homocystine) - Chemicals released into the bloodstream that control different functions in the body, including metabolism, growth, sexual development, and responses to stress or illness.

- High blood pressure.

- An overgrown heart muscle that creates a bulge into the ventricle and impedes blood flow.

- Enlargement of tissues or organs because of increased workload.

- Rapid breathing usually caused by anxiety. People feel like they can't get enough air, so they breathe heavily and rapidly, which can lead to numb or tingly arms and legs, or fainting.

- Low levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

- Decreased muscle movement. In relation to the heart, hypokinesia refers to decreased heart wall motion during each heartbeat. It is associated with cardiomyopathy, heart failure, or heart attack. Also called hypokinesis.

- Abnormally low blood pressure.

- Less than normal content of oxygen in the organs and tissues of the body.

- No known cause.

- Any medicine that suppresses the body's immune system. These medicines are used to minimize the chances that the body will reject a newly transplanted organ, such as a heart.

- A noninvasive diagnostic test used to evaluate blood flow through the leg.

- Also called insufficiency; a valve that is not working properly, causing it to leak blood back in the wrong direction.

- The area of heart tissue permanently damaged by an inadequate supply of oxygen.

- An infection of the heart valves and the innermost lining of the heart (the endocardium), caused by bacteria in the bloodstream.

- The large vein returning blood from the legs and abdomen to the heart.

- Positive inotropes: Any medicine that increases the strength of the heart's contraction. Negative inotropes: Any medicine that decreases the strength of the heart's contraction and the blood pressure in the vessels.

- A durable artery in the chest wall often used as a bypass graft in coronary artery bypass surgery.

- A combination of echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. A miniature echo device on the tip of a catheter is used to generate images inside the heart and blood vessels.

- A catheter-like tube that is placed inside a patient's vessel during an interventional procedure to help the doctor with insertion and proper placement of the actual catheter.

- Decreased blood flow to an organ, usually due to constriction or obstruction of an artery.

- Also called coronary artery disease and coronary heart disease, this term is applied to heart problems caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries, thereby causing a decreased blood supply to the heart.

- A type of stroke that is caused by blockage in a blood vessel.

- The veins that carry blood back from the head to the heart.

- A mechanical device that can be placed outside the body or implanted inside the body. An LVAD does not replace the heart—it "assists" or "helps" it pump oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.

- An injury or wound. An atherosclerotic lesion is an injury to an artery due to hardening of the arteries.

- A fatty substance that is insoluble (cannot be dissolved) in the blood.

- A lipid surrounded by a protein; the protein makes the lipid soluble (can be dissolved) in the blood.

- The body's primary cholesterol-carrying molecule. High blood levels of LDL increase a person's risk of heart disease by promoting cholesterol attachment and accumulation in blood vessels; hence, the popular nickname "bad cholesterol." - The hollow area within a tube, such as a blood vessel.

- A technique that produces images of the heart and other body structures by measuring the response of certain elements (such as hydrogen) in the body to a magnetic field. MRI can produce detailed pictures of the heart and its various structures without the need to inject a dye.

- A type of heart surgery that is used to treat chronic atrial fibrillation by creating a surgical "maze" of new electrical pathways to let electrical impulses travel easily through the heart. Also called the Maze procedure.

- A narrowing of the mitral valve, which controls blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to its lower left chamber. May result from an inherited (congenital) problem or from rheumatic fever.

- The structure that controls blood flow between the heart's left atrium (upper chamber) and left ventricle (lower chamber).

- A condition that occurs when the leaflets of the mitral valve between the left atrium and left ventricle bulge into the atrium and permit backflow of blood. The condition can be associated with progressive mitral regurgitation.

- Failure of the mitral valve to close properly, causing blood to flow back into the heart's upper left chamber (the left atrium) instead of moving forward into the lower left chamber (the left ventricle).

- An abbreviation for millimeters of mercury. Blood pressure is measured in units of mm Hg—how high the pressure inside the arteries would be able to raise a column of mercury.

- A type of fat found in many foods but mainly in avocados and in canola, olive, and peanut oils. Monounsaturated fat tends to lower LDL cholesterol levels, and some studies suggest that it may do so without also lowering HDL cholesterol levels.

- The total number of deaths from a given disease in a population during an interval of time, usually a year.

- Noises superimposed on normal heart sounds. They are caused by congenital defects or damaged heart valves that do not close properly and allow blood to leak back into the chamber from which it has come.

- A heart attack. The damage or death of an area of the heart muscle (myocardium) resulting from a blocked blood supply to the area. The affected tissue dies, injuring the heart. Symptoms include prolonged, intensive chest pain and a decrease in blood pressure that often causes shock.

- Occurs when a part of the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen.

– A rare condition in which the heart muscle becomes inflamed as a result of infection, toxic drug poisoning, or diseases like rheumatic fever, diphtheria, or tuberculosis.

- The muscular wall of the heart. It contracts to pump blood out of the heart and then relaxes as the heart refills with returning blood.

- A connective tissue disorder that causes the heart valve tissue to weaken and lose elasticity.

- A medicine that helps relax and dilate arteries; often used to treat cardiac chest pain (angina).

- Refers to the death of tissue within a certain area.

- Any diagnostic or treatment procedure in which no instrument enters the body.

- Non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. The milder form of the 2 types of heart attack, an NSTEMI does not produce an ST-segment elevation on an electrocardiogram. See also STEMI.

- The condition of being significantly overweight. It usually applies when a person is 30% or more over ideal body weight. Obesity puts a strain on the heart and can increase the risk of developing high blood pressure and diabetes.

- An artery in which the blood flow has been impaired by a blockage.

- An operation in which the chest and heart are opened surgically while the bloodstream is diverted through a heart-lung (cardiopulmonary bypass) machine.

- An uncomfortable feeling within the chest caused by an irregular heartbeat.

- The organ behind the stomach that helps control blood sugar levels.

- Swelling (inflammation) of the pancreas.

-Loss of the ability to move muscles and feel in part of the body or the whole body. Paralysis may be temporary or permanent.

Keyline options can be set through design software applications to adjust the width, to be solid or dotted, or to show different patterns.Layers A tool within graphic software that permits the user to gather, organize, and re-edit their artwork.Leading Refers to the amount of added vertical spacing between lines of text.Leaf One piece of paper in a publication.Legend A table inside a project that lists vital illustrations or instructions; footnote that helps users better understand information.Letterpress A technique of printing where .

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- The process by which a machine is used to do the work of the heart and lungs so the heart can be stopped during surgery.

- An emergency measure that can maintain a person's breathing and heartbeat. The person who performs CPR actually helps the patient's circulatory system by breathing into the patient's mouth to give them oxygen and by giving chest compressions to circulate the patient's blood. Hands-only CPR involves only chest compressions.

- Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels that make up the circulatory system.

- A technique of applying an electrical shock to the chest to convert an abnormal heartbeat to a normal rhythm.

- A major artery (right and left) in the neck supplying blood to the brain.

- A blood clot formed in one part of the body and then carried by the bloodstream to the brain, where it blocks an artery.

- Bleeding within the brain resulting from a ruptured blood vessel, aneurysm, or head injury.

- Formation of a blood clot in an artery that supplies part of the brain.

- Pertaining to the blood vessels of the brain.

Also called cerebral vascular accident, apoplexy, or stroke. Blood supply to some part of the brain is slowed or stopped, resulting in injury to brain tissue.

- The blocking or closing of a blood vessel in the brain.

- An oily substance that occurs naturally in the body, in animal fats and in dairy products, and that is transported in the blood. Limited amounts are essential for the normal development of cell membranes. Excess amounts can lead to coronary artery disease.

- The technique of using moving pictures to show how a special dye passes through blood vessels, allowing doctors to diagnose diseases of the heart and blood vessels.

- Pertaining to circulation of blood through the heart and blood vessels.

- A tiredness or pain in the arms and legs caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen to the muscles, usually due to narrowed arteries or peripheral arterial disease (PAD).

- Blood flow through small, nearby vessels in response to blockage of a main blood vessel.

-A procedure used to widen the opening of a heart valve that has been narrowed by scar tissue.

- An x-ray technique that uses a computer to create cross-sectional images of the body.

- Special muscle fibers that conduct electrical impulses throughout the heart muscle.

- Refers to conditions existing at birth.

- Malformation of the heart or of its major blood vessels present at birth.

- A condition in which the heart cannot pump all the blood returning to it, leading to a backup of blood in the vessels and an accumulation of fluid in the body's tissues, including the lungs.

- Two arteries arising from the aorta that arch down over the top of the heart and divide into branches. They provide blood to the heart muscle.