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Abstract

We demonstrate simple and intuitive methods, for dispersion optimization and characterization of highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) for use in four-wave-mixing (FWM) based time lens applications. A composite dispersion-flattened HNLF is optimized for high bandwidth time lens processing, by segmentation to mitigate FWM impairments due to dispersion fluctuations. The fiber is used for FWM conversion of 32 WDM-channels with 50 GHz spacing in a time lens, with −4.6 dB total efficiency, and <1 dB per-channel efficiency difference. The novel characterization method is based on two tunable continuous-wave lasers. The method is experimentally verified to predict the spectral output profile of time lenses for broadband multicarrier input, with detailed numerical simulations for support.

Figures (11)

Principle of WDM-OTDM conversion based on FWM, and indicated CW positions and measurement points for the characterization method (circles). Also shown is how the measurements are combined to estimate the idler.

(a) Illustration of rapid-map segmentation into 9 pieces and rearrangement of original fiber with a linear ZDW variation. (b) Conversion efficiency simulations for original fiber and various rapid-map configurations. (c) Illustration of the rapid-map effect on the cumulative phase mismatch at 40 nm detuning.

(a) Conversion efficiency vs. pump-signal detuning for the 19-rapid-map with different HNLF-to-HNLF splice losses and fixed Pp = 25 dBm. (b) The conversion efficiencies for the pump power increasing with the splice losses. (c) Max. efficiency loss normalized by the total splice losses vs. the loss per splice (fixed Pp).