The aim of this paper is a consideration of three perspectives in accounting through the lenses of a behavior of three groups of stakeholders: state, capital suppliers and managers. The integration mechanism underneath is a set of common data from the same source, namely accounting system. The state plays dual role in a market, both a regulator and a player able to change rules of the game in a course of a game. Capital suppliers are interested in emergence of a standard resulting in that hey will be represented by a chain of independent organizations guarding a market transparency. Managers' job is creation of an architecture of resources - combining them into patterns winning a game of delivering value to the customers. In reality, the managerial point of view is suppressed by the others. Contradictory interests of the parties involved result in ineffective resource allocation in the companies, arenas of earning game: on the one hand capital suppliers demand for ever growing earnings creates resources ineffectiveness, on the other hand, sup- pressing managerial point of view evokes resource ineffectiveness. It is required that the managers should be freed from taking care of short term view, and thus, should be freed from submitting financial statements. This is an activity to be outsourced as much as the other activity related to serviced so far delivered to the organizations of the state. In the same token, managerial accounting should remain as the only one done within and for the company. This model created a favorable conditions for managerial accounting and, at the same time, opens ground for speculation in which directions the development should take place.(original abstract)

Sarbanes - Oxley Act, (2002), One Hundred Seventh Congress of the United States of America, At the Second Session. An Act to protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures made pursuant to the securities laws, and for other purposes, H.R. 3763.

Sainsbury E., (1916), A Calendar of the Court Minutes of the East India Company 1655-1659, Oxford Press, Oxford, p. xvii-xix.