Sol. Phloem transports food from the leaves to the rest of the plant while xylem transport water and solutes from leaves.

S2. Ans.(a)

Sol.Pasteurization is the heat-treatment process that destroys pathogenic microorganisms in certain foods and beverages. It is named after the French scientist Louis Pasteur.It is used to stabilize and remove disease from milk.

S3. Ans.(b)

Sol.Cockroach cannot survive in the water because its respiratory organ is trachea.

S4. Ans.(d)

Sol. Spiny ant-eater is an egg laying mammal.

S5. Ans.(c)

Sol. Humming birds (Mellisuga Helenae), which live in Cuba, weigh 0.056 ounces and are 2.75 inches in length, is the smallest bird. The bill and tail account for half of this length.

Smallest.

S6. Ans.(d)

Sol. Blue Revolution means the adoption of a package programme to increase the production of fish and marine products.

S7. Ans.(c)

Sol. BOD stands for Biochemical Oxygen Demand. It is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period.

Sol. Amino acids are required for the synthesis of body protein and other important nitrogen-containing compounds. Amino acids are constituents of protein and act as precursors for many co-enzymes, hormones, nucleic acid, etc.

S10. Ans.(a)

Sol. Conditions which increase the rate of evaporation also increase the rate of transpiration. Transpiration is more rapid in hot, dry and windy conditions than it is in still or humid conditions.

S11. Ans.(d)

Sol. The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty, which extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits State Parties to reduce greenhouse gases emissions.

S12. Ans.(d)

Sol. Proteins from animals are called ‘first class’ proteins – they provide all the essential amino acids, including those that the body can’t make. Proteins from plants are ‘second class’ proteins.

S13. Ans.(d)

Sol. Most of environmental (air) pollution results from the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, natural gas, and gasoline to produce electricity and power. All these produce harmful CO_2 or its variants. On the contrary, when hydrogen burns in air, it produces nothing but water vapor.

S14. Ans.(a)

Sol. Enzymes are biological molecules (proteins) that act as catalysts and help complex reactions occur everywhere in life. They speed up reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway of lower activation energy.

S15.Ans.(c)

Sol. Kidneys are essential in the urinary system and also serve homeostatic functions such as the regulation of electrolytes, maintenance of acid-base balance, and regulation of blood pressure (via maintaining salt and water balance). They serve the body as a natural filter of the blood, and remove wastes which are diverted to the urinary bladder whereas the antibodies are produced by antigens in the cell.