Charlemagne and Carthaginian Renaissance, crusades

1.) Discuss the Charlemagne. Why is this period referred to as the Carolingian Renaissance("renaissance" meaning "re-birth"?
Charlemagne was a great emperor in the history of Europe. At a time, when Europe was in a state of disarray, he unified it by the power of sword and cross. Charlemagne, otherwise, known as Charles, the great was born in 742. . His father Pepin III divided the kingdom between his two sons. There were frictions between him and his brother Carolman. When his brother died, Charlemagne became the sole ruler of the kingdom.
While he was in power he began to extend his empire by conquest. He conquered the Lombards in
northern Italy, acquired Bavaria and campaigned in Spain and Hungary. He did not call himself emperor but king of Franks and Lombards.

Charlemagne was also an able administrator. He delegated the authority to the local rulers; the Frankish nobles. He knew very well that his nation consisted of different ethnic groups and he allowed them to keep their distinctive cultures. He himself set up the rules and strictly enforced it. He secretly viewed the events of his empire through his representatives known as missi dominici.
Charlemagne was a great patron of learning. He attracted noted scholars to his court. He gathered in his court the finest men of letters. He reformed the palace school and set up monastic schools throughout the empire. He also copied ancient books. The flowering of learning under Charlemagne's patronage has come to be known as the "Carolingian Renaissance."
Charlemagne became the undisputed leader of Western Europe. The empire he ruled was not known as the Holy Roman Empire but as Carolingian Empire. By establishing a strong government in Western Europe, he paved the way for the development of modern Europe.

2)What were the Crusades and when did they start? What effects did the Crusades have on Western Civilization?

Crusades were a series of military confrontations between Christians and Muslims during the middle ages. In 1076, Muslims captured Jerusalem, the most sacred place of Christianity. On the other hand, Jerusalem was also extremely important for the Muslims, as prophet Mohammad, the founder of Islam had been there. Therefore, catholic church decided to fight against Seljuk Turks. In 1095 Pope Urban II called upon the Europe's lords to wage a holy war against the Muslims and to regain Jerusalem to free the holy land. The first crusade was only successful from the military point of view, but other seven major crusades did not get the desired results. The military confrontations continued upto 200 years(1095-1291).

The Crusades had far-reaching political, economic, and social impacts During the time of crusades, Europe was controlled by Papacy but by 14th century, there began modern states. It also heralded the demise of feudalism. The contact with Muslims for a century led to the enlightenment in Islamic science, medicine, and architecture. European culture was opened to the countries of the world especially Asia. There started increased trade between Europe and middle east. Increased trade brought many new things to Europe which was unknown to them. The acquaintance of Eastern products such as spices encouraged the Europeans to start geographical explorations.

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Your homework guide follows the questions below:

1) Discuss the Charlemagne. Why is this period referred to as the Carolingian Renaissance ?

Charlemagne was a great emperor in the history of Europe. At a time, when Europe was in a state of disarray, he unified it by the power of sword and cross. Charlemagne, otherwise, known as Charles, the great was born in 742. There were frictions between him and his brother Carolman. When his brother died, Charlemagne became the sole ruler of the kingdom.
While he was in power he began to extend his empire by conquest. He conquered the Lombards in
northern Italy, acquired Bavaria and campaigned in Spain and Hungary. He did not call himself emperor but king of Franks and Lombards.

Charlemagne was also an able administrator. He delegated the authority ...

Solution Summary

This solution is about the unification of an empire under Charlemagne and Carolinian Renaissance. Also contains a reference about crusades. When Europe was in a state of disarray, Charlemagne inherited the empire. He started a military campaign and unified the whole of Europe
Charlemagne was also an able administrator. He allowed different ethnic groups to retain their culture, but at the same time, he delegated his authority to the local nobles.
Charlemagne was a great patron of learning. The flowering of learning under Charlemagne's patronage has come to be known as the "Carolingian Renaissance. The empire he ruled was not known as the Holy Roman Empire but as Carolingian Empire. By establishing a strong government in Western Europe, he paved the way for the development of modern Europe.
Crusades were a military conflict between Christians and Muslims during the middle ages. When Muslims captured Jerusalem, the most sacred place for the Christians, in 1076, there started a military conflict between both.
The first crusade was only successful from the military point of view, but other seven major crusades did not get the desired results. The military confrontations continued upto 200 years (1095-1291). The Crusades had far-reaching political, economic, and social impacts