3 UML-SPT: Introduction January 2005, OMG standard Profile. A Profile is an extension to the semantics of UML that conforms to the meta-model. A specialization, inheriting from the UML standard. A domain-specific interpretation e.g. UML Profile for Enterprise Application Integration; for Distributed Object Computing; Testing Profile; for Software Radio, It should use only standard extension mechanisms: stereotypes, tag values, constraints Additional semantic constraints cannot contradict the general UML semantics. Within the semantic envelope defined by the standard. 3

5 UML-SPT: General Principles Ability to specify quantitative information directly in UML models Key to quantitative analysis and predictive modeling. Flexibility: Users can model their systems using modeling approaches and styles of their own choosing not hamper design. Open to existing and new analysis techniques. Facilitate the use of analysis methods Eliminate the need for a deep understanding of analysis methods. As much as possible, automate the generation of analysis models and the analysis process itself. Using analysis results for: predicting system characteristics (detect problems early). analyze existing system (sizing, capacity planning). 5

7 UML-SPT: Structure Schedulability analysis: applied to hard real-time systems to find a schedule that will allow to meet all the system s deadlines. Performance analysis: applied to soft-real time systems with stochastic characteristics. Queuing based methods are used for mean value analysis and/or for checking if soft deadlines are met by the system. 7

8 Resource: Hardware or software. UML-SPT: Resource Modeling An element whose service capacity is limited, directly or indirectly, by the finite capacities of the underlying physical elements. Resources offer services that have QoS attributes Resource R... set of services Si... QoS of Si Quality of Service (QoS): A specification (usually quantitative) of how well a particular service is (to be) performed. e.g. throughput, capacity, response time The specification of a model element can include: Offered QoS: the QoS that it provides to its clients. Required QoS: the QoS it requires from other components to support its QoS obligations. 8

12 UML-SPT: Performance Modeling Provides the concepts to annotate the UML models with performance characteristics. Performance context Specify one or more scenarios that are used to explore various dynamic situations involving a set of resources. Scenario Has the attribute responsetime. In our approach a SD is a scenario. QoS requirements are placed on scenarios. a Scenario is a sequence of Steps (predecessor/successor) Scenario has a first Step, which is stereotyped with a workload definition PAopenLoad (stream of requests) with tags for an arrival process (such as Poisson). PAclosedLoad (users or jobs cycling the scenario) with tags for a population and a think time. 2

13 UML-SPT: Performance Modeling Step a Step inherits from Scenario, so it can be refined as a sub-scenario Has demand, PAdemand tag gives the CPU demand. PAextOp tag defines operations such as file operations, that are not modeled in the UML model but are needed for the performance model (completions) PAdelay specifies a delay that may be part of the operation (a sleep time) a Step has predecessors (giving AND fork and join) and also a probability (giving OR f/j, with suitable interpretation) 3

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