YateUCN software-defined networking

NFV (network function virtualization) implements in software the functions typically performed by hardware components. SDN (software-defined networking) uses the virtualisation technology to split the control plane from the data plane.

The YateUCN 'beyond SDN approach' recognizes the usefulness of separating the user and data planes, and implements both in software. The control plane is implemented in the user space for flexibility while the user plane in the kernel space for speed.

YateUCN LTE unified core network benefits

The YateUCN unified GSM/GPRS/LTE core network server implements all the components and protocols in software. It includes the MSC/VLR/SGSN/GGSN, the MME/SGW/PGW/PCRF, and the PCSCF/ISCSCF/IWF/BGW for the IMS.

4G LTE radio access network

MAC scheduler

Sitting just above the Physical layer, the MAC Scheduler assigns bandwidth resources to user equipment and is responsible for deciding on how uplink and downlink channels are used by the eNodeB and the UEs of a cell.

4G LTE roaming

YateUCN LTE roaming

YateUCN LTE roaming vs. Conventional LTE roaming

LTE roaming with the YateUCN in the Visited Network.

4G LTE functions

YateUCN SRVCC

The YateUCN handles SRVCC by performing an inter-MSC handover from 4G LTE to 2G GSM. Built to simultaneously be an MME/MSC and an IMS network for VoLTE, YateUCN performs SRVCC without requiring upgrades to operators' current deployments.

YateUCN CSFB

CSFB hands a subscriber over from the LTE core network to the circuit-switched core network through the SGs interface during call setup. The SGs interface is added to the LTE architecture and allows mobility management and paging procedures between the MME and the MSC.

YateUCN MSC redundancy benefits

The YateUCN replaces the heavy, expensive core network equipment used in conventional networks with small, affordable, and easy-to-manage equipment.

Because it uses commodity hardware, operation and servicing can be managed remotely, with minimal external support and significantly driving operational costs down. The YateUCN provides simplicity and cost-effectiveness to building redundant mobile networks.

YateUCN subscriber capacity

The YateUCN core network serves any SatSite irrespective of the geographic location. This means that the subscriber capacity in the network is determined by the YateUCN.

SatSite base stations are connected to multiple YateUCN units in the network. When a number of maximum subscribers is reached in the YateUCN, the new subscribers start to be registered to a new YateUCN, but remain connected to the same SatSite.

SatSite inside structure

SON and beamforming with YateBTS

The SatSite is designed for GSM, LTE, or mixed GSM/LTE networks.

The technology behind our GSM network equipment allows techniques which are typical for LTE - like running GSM from a remote radio head, applying SON or beamforming technologies - to be applied to 2G networks.

2G/2.5G GSM/GPRS roaming

YateUCN roaming in GSM

Software-defined radio

SDR vs. typical DSP

Unlike commonly used FPGA and DSP chips, software-defined radio allows a high level of flexibility in designing and managing the RAN, with network functions being upgraded or reprogrammed with a simple software change.

Because it uses SDR, the SatSite base station offers operators flexibility, cost efficiency, and easier power and capacity management.

SatSite for increasing traffic needs

Built on general purpose hardware and using a non-proprietary operating system, the SatSite allows operators to build smaller cell towers, with lower costs. This allows them to deploy denser networks and reach more subscribers.

SatSite for coverage configuration

SDR for frequency reuse in LTE

Frequency reuse in LTE allows a given area to be served by more cell towers using the same frequency. With SDR, several limitations of this technique can be eliminated, due to: lower infrastructure costs; reconfiguration and power management flexibility; multi-protocol support from one radio.

SatSite upgradability to 4G, 5G

Low-power base station

SatSite working on solar power

SatSite working on wind power

SatSite powered alternative energy sources

The SatSite requires a low power input (45W) and is ideal for installing in remote areas with unstable or even no electrical grids. Cell towers using the SatSite in either single or 3-sector configuration are a lightweight deployment for isolated or remote locations, relying only on the existing natural resources.

SatSite working with Tesla Powerwall batteries

Depending on the type of deployment, cell sites equipped with SatSite units have consumption levels ranging from 45 Watts to 350 Watts.

A Tesla Powerwall battery offers either 7 or 10 kWh power output, is rechargeable with aid from solar panels and can be mounted indoors and outdoors. It also has a 10 years warranty and requires no additional maintenance costs. A single 7 kWh battery is enough for running 3 SatSite units.

GSM power efficiency

GSM's low bandwidth requirement and the use of GMSK modulation make it a power-efficient technology.

SatSite GTP over Abis benefits

Subscriber management

YateHSS/HLR subscriber server for GSM, UMTS, LTE networks

The YateHSS/HLR manages subscribers for the GSM, GPRS, UMTS, LTE, IMS, and WiFi networks. Because YateHSS/HLR is a unified solution, users can be located across any network if, for example, they are registered in the LTE network and paging for a CS service is required.

YateHSS/HLR new node synchronization

All the YateHSS/HLR servers hold and manage the same subscriber data. A new YateHSS/HLR node added to the network automatically synchronizes to the data contained in the other servers.

YateHSS/HLR LTE roaming to GSM/UMTS

The YateHSS/HLR is a unified subscriber server for GSM/GPRS/UMTS/LTE networks.

It supports both Diameter and SS7 MAP protocols, allowing users roaming in a 2G /3G network to authenticate to the YateHSS/HLR in their home network over SS7 MAP, in case a Diameter agreement is not yet in place.

Internet of Things

Complete IoT network

The YateBTS, YateUCN, and YateHSS/HLR can be used in a complete network for IoT coverage. GSM/GPRS service as well as LTE can be provided from the same YateUCN core network server.

In remote rural areas, the YateBTS can be used to provide radio coverage, while in urban areas LTE service can be provided from the YateENB.

SatSite edge computing

To deploy a fully functional Fog Computing ecosystem, operators can install scalable application servers distributed in each cell site for data analysis and monitoring, without the traffic cluttering the core network. They are geographically distributed and connect to each other to perform a “close to the ground” intermediary layer between IoT devices and the cloud, providing security, low latency and high resilience.

SatSite base stations can redirect the traffic locally to the application server, based on the IMSI specific to the device.

SatSite 2G/4G IoT solution

The YateBTS SatSite can be used to provide GSM/GPRS radio coverage in remote rural areas, while in urban areas LTE service can be provided from the YateENB SatSite.

YateHSS/HLR for the M2M market

The YateHSS/HLR provides high capacity for M2M and IoT applications, with lower costs.

SatSite support for future IoT applications

The SatSite offers 2G/4G LTE networks the flexibility to adapt to the growing number of connected things.

IoT for public transport

Technologies that can be used include LTE-A carrier aggregation to increase bandwidth, MIMO systems to enhance spectral efficiency, or small cell technology to bring the radio cell closer to the device.

Carrier aggregation for IoT

Carrier aggregation, the key concept in LTE-Advanced, allows operators to supply higher bandwidth than in LTE systems, to support connected devices. Carrier aggregation can be used to offer increased bandwidth for IoT, and it can also improve coverage by combining low frequency carriers with high frequency ones.

SatSite support self-driving trucks

The GSM/GPRS SatSite supports local IP break-out and allows seamless handover between base stations to facilitate the development of new IoT applications.