Abstract : In the last decade, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has become a very sensitive technique for real-time detection in many application areas: chemistry, environmental studies, biological systems, etc. Considering the optic-fiber concept and the important needs for analyzing biomolecular reactions through automated and miniaturized components, optical fiber sensors based on the SPR technique are becoming the first choice in the field of sensing of different chemical and biochemical applications. However, such sensor does not provide yet reasonably high value of performance for an efficient detection fulfilling those needs. Therefore, an improvement of the values of performance parameters, like sensitivity and detection limit, is required. In the present work, the effect of key design factors on the response of the sensor is studied. To be done, we first manufactured optic-fiber sensor for conducting experiments and evaluating sensor's responses in particular. We also developed a tool to perform numerical response curves in conjunction with the experimental results to set up sensor's suitable framework. Furthermore, experimental characterizations of the deposited metallic layer have been investigated to evaluate the effect of the roughness and other parameters (dielectric constant, thickness...) of the metallic layer on sensor's responses. By comparing the experimental results with the simulated curves, a study is carried out in order to validate our numerical tool. On the other hand, the valid tool is then used to define the optimal geometry of a reliable sensor using numerical parametric simulation. Finally, microfluidic system associated with optic-fiber sensor based on SPR is accomplished for monitoring in real-time the variation of sensor's responses at each kinetic reaction occurring at the surface. Thereby, the introduction of kinetic parameters produced by experimental measurement into our numerical model enables us to demonstrate the potential of optic-fiber sensor based on SPR for biological analysis purposes