Authentication, the second
item in the AAA of security, is proving in some way that you are,
who you say you are, giving you the right to claim a certain identity.
Three types of mechanisms can be used to establish authentication:

Something you know, such as a password

Something you have, such as a Smartcard

Something you are, which may be a fingerprint,
an eye scan (iris or retinal) or a voice pattern

We look at some of the most common
authentication mechanisms below. For more information on these techniques,
and others, consult the book, Authentication50 by Richard E. Smith.

Authentication

Authentication is proving who you are, by one or more of the following:

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