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Subject - Biochemistry

Proteins are natural macromolecules which are formed by linking at least 100 amino acids via a peptide bond. The
peptide bond or amide group -CO-NH- is formed during condensation of amino acids, i.e. reaction of a carboxy group (-COOH)
of one amino acid with the amino group of another one with loss of water.

Proteins are characterized by their amino acid sequence (primary structure); the spatial conformation of the
polypeptide chain, due to interactions of nearby amino acid side chains (secondary structure); the spatial orientation of
the whole polypeptide chain (tertiary structure) and a possible composition of several subunits (quaternary
structure).