The variety of materials that can be used for the
restoration or replacement of the posterior dentition have increased
dramatically. Implant therapy, porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns and fixed
partial dentures, all-ceramic systems, and direct composite resin all present
the restorative team with numerous possibilities when considering the treatment
of this region. Due to advances in contemporary resin cements and adhesive
formulations, however, indirect porcelain and composite resin inlay and onlay
restorations may also be utilized. Laboratory-fabricated composite resin
restorations can provide predictable aesthetic results when precise clinical
and laboratory techniques are strictly followed and communication protocols
have been established among the members of the restorative team. In comparison
to metal-ceramic alternatives, the preparation for these restorations is
conservative in nature - in essence, only damaged tissue is removed. In
addition, they have demonstrated minimal wear of the opposing dentition in
preliminary studies, which has traditionally been a limitation of porcelain
inlays and onlays. This reduced antagonist wear has been attributed to the
revised composition of the laboratory-fabricated composite material, which is a
combination of ceramic fillers and an organic matrix. Laboratory-fabricated
composite resin can also be adjusted chairside with relative ease.