The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 gave tribal governments new authority to structure and administer their own cash assistance, employment and training, child care, and child support enforcement programs. This "Issue Notes" describes some current characteristics of tribal Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) programs and emerging challenges in serving tribal members through tribal and state TANF programs. It also presents findings from recent studies on welfare reform's impact on tribal members and explores tribal issues likely to be raised during TANF reauthorization in 2002. While some tribes count tribal subsistence activities and participation in substance abuse treatment and counseling toward meeting their work requirement, nearly all tribes count education and job training as a work activity. Child care, transportation, and substance abuse and mental health services are the top three needs of tribal welfare recipients. Limited access to advanced telecommunications and technology and limited job creation and employment opportunities are also significant barriers to tribal self-sufficiency. Tribal issues likely to be raised during TANF reauthorization include a separate tribal TANF title of PRWORA, program funding levels and support services needs, economic development focus, employment and training program consolidation, time limit extensions and exemptions, expansion of allowable federal work activities, and performance bonuses. Strategies for collaboration among tribes, states, and public and private entities are discussed. (Contains 42 resource contacts and Web sites.) (TD)