Researchers showed that Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) patients and mice deficient in WAS protein (WASP) frequently develop IgE-mediated reactions to common food allergens. WASP-deficient animals displayed an adjuvant-free IgE-sensitization to chow antigens that was most pronounced for wheat and soy and occurred under specific pathogen–free as well as germ-free housing conditions. [J Clin Invest]
Full Article

Using both in vivo and in vitro models, researchers demonstrated that PPARβ activation/overexpression inhibits thymic T cell development by decreasing proliferation of CD4−CD8− double-negative stage 4 thymocytes. [Sci Rep]
Full Article

Investigators used a fixed TCRβ system to show that the TCR repertoire of the Foxp3+ retinoic acid–related orphan receptor (ROR)γt+ population is mostly distinct compared with other colonic T cell subsets. However, of these TCRs, a fraction is also found in the Th17 subset, suggesting that TCR repertoire overlap may contribute to the reported ability of Foxp3+RORγt+ cells to regulate Th17 immunity. [J Immunol]
Abstract

The authors examined the role of PD-1 in regulating the balance between regulatory and effector T cells and whether blocking PD-1 could enhance tumor vaccine-induced protective immunity. [Cancer Immunol Immunother]
Abstract

Focusing on why the suppressive function of Treg was impaired, scientists found out methylation status of CpG islands within the Foxp3 promotor of Tregs in biliary atresia patients and murine models were both increased. [Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol]
Abstract

Scientists investigated the effect of regulatory T cells (Tregs) on brain injury using the mouse intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) model, which is established by autologous blood infusion. They showed that tail intravenous injection of Tregs significantly reduced brain water content and Evans blue dye extravasation of perihematoma at day 1,3 and 7, and improved short- and long-term neurological deficits following ICH in mouse model. [Cell Mol Neurobiol]
Abstract

The authors discuss the emerging roles of p53 and other tumour-suppressor genes in tumor immunology, as well as in additional immunological settings, such as virus infection. [Nat Rev Immunol]
Abstract

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Merck announced that extensive data on KEYTRUDA®, the company’s anti-PD-1 therapy, have been accepted for presentation. [Press release from Merck & Co., Inc. discussing research to be presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2016 Congress, Copenhagen]
Press Release

Zymeworks Inc. and Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited announced that they have entered into a cross-licensing and collaboration agreement to develop proprietary cancer immuno-oncology products. [Zymeworks Inc.]
Press Release

BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals announced that the first patient in the Phase Ib/II trial of its lead immuno-oncology asset Plinabulin in combination with Nivolumab, an immune-checkpoint inhibitor, in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer was enrolled. [BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals, Inc.]
Press Release

Biomedical experts plan to create a scoring system that will help researchers choose reliable antibodies for their experiments. The only problems: figuring out how such a ranking would work — and getting manufacturers to adopt the standard. [Nature News]
Editorial

France’s government has proposed an unusually generous boost to research and higher education in its 2017 draft budget. This is the largest increase for 15 years,” Thierry Mandon, France’s research and higher-education minister, told reporters at a press conference. [Nature News]
Editorial