Heat load variations, daily as well as seasonal, are constraining co-generation of high-value energy products
as well as excess heat utilisation. Integration of heat-driven absorption cooling (AC) technology in a
district heating and cooling (DHC) system raises the district heat (DH) demand during low-demand periods
and may thus contribute to a more efficient resource utilisation. In Sweden, AC expansion is a potentially
interesting option since the cooling demand is rapidly increasing, albeit from low levels, and DH
systems cover most of the areas with potential cooling demand. This study aims to assess the potential
for cost and CO2 emission reduction due to expansion of DH-driven AC instead of electricity-driven compression
cooling in the DHC system of Göteborg, characterised by a high share of low-cost excess heat
sources. The DHC production is simulated on an hourly basis using the least-cost model MARTES. Despite
recent advances of compression chillers, the results show potential for cost-effective CO2 emission reduction
by AC expansion, which is robust with regards to the different scenarios applied of energy market
prices and policies. While the effects on annual DHC system results are minor, the study illustrates that
an increased cooling demand may be met by generation associated with low or even negative net CO2
emissions – as long as there is high availability of industrial excess heat in the DHC system, or if e.g.
new biomass-based combined heat and power capacity is installed, due to the avoided and replaced marginal
power generation.

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BibTeX @article{Fahlén2012,author={Fahlén, Elsa and Trygg, Louise and Ahlgren, Erik},title={Assessment of absorption cooling as a district heating system strategy – A case study},journal={Energy Conversion and Management},issn={0196-8904},volume={60},pages={115-124},abstract={Heat load variations, daily as well as seasonal, are constraining co-generation of high-value energy products
as well as excess heat utilisation. Integration of heat-driven absorption cooling (AC) technology in a
district heating and cooling (DHC) system raises the district heat (DH) demand during low-demand periods
and may thus contribute to a more efficient resource utilisation. In Sweden, AC expansion is a potentially
interesting option since the cooling demand is rapidly increasing, albeit from low levels, and DH
systems cover most of the areas with potential cooling demand. This study aims to assess the potential
for cost and CO2 emission reduction due to expansion of DH-driven AC instead of electricity-driven compression
cooling in the DHC system of Göteborg, characterised by a high share of low-cost excess heat
sources. The DHC production is simulated on an hourly basis using the least-cost model MARTES. Despite
recent advances of compression chillers, the results show potential for cost-effective CO2 emission reduction
by AC expansion, which is robust with regards to the different scenarios applied of energy market
prices and policies. While the effects on annual DHC system results are minor, the study illustrates that
an increased cooling demand may be met by generation associated with low or even negative net CO2
emissions – as long as there is high availability of industrial excess heat in the DHC system, or if e.g.
new biomass-based combined heat and power capacity is installed, due to the avoided and replaced marginal
power generation.},year={2012},keywords={Absorption cooling, Compression cooling, Carbon dioxide emissions, Combined heat and power, Industrial excess heat, District heating and cooling},}

RefWorks RT Journal ArticleSR ElectronicID 157480A1 Fahlén, ElsaA1 Trygg, LouiseA1 Ahlgren, ErikT1 Assessment of absorption cooling as a district heating system strategy – A case studyYR 2012JF Energy Conversion and ManagementSN 0196-8904VO 60SP 115OP 124AB Heat load variations, daily as well as seasonal, are constraining co-generation of high-value energy products
as well as excess heat utilisation. Integration of heat-driven absorption cooling (AC) technology in a
district heating and cooling (DHC) system raises the district heat (DH) demand during low-demand periods
and may thus contribute to a more efficient resource utilisation. In Sweden, AC expansion is a potentially
interesting option since the cooling demand is rapidly increasing, albeit from low levels, and DH
systems cover most of the areas with potential cooling demand. This study aims to assess the potential
for cost and CO2 emission reduction due to expansion of DH-driven AC instead of electricity-driven compression
cooling in the DHC system of Göteborg, characterised by a high share of low-cost excess heat
sources. The DHC production is simulated on an hourly basis using the least-cost model MARTES. Despite
recent advances of compression chillers, the results show potential for cost-effective CO2 emission reduction
by AC expansion, which is robust with regards to the different scenarios applied of energy market
prices and policies. While the effects on annual DHC system results are minor, the study illustrates that
an increased cooling demand may be met by generation associated with low or even negative net CO2
emissions – as long as there is high availability of industrial excess heat in the DHC system, or if e.g.
new biomass-based combined heat and power capacity is installed, due to the avoided and replaced marginal
power generation.LA engDO 10.1016/j.enconman.2012.02.009LK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2012.02.009OL 30