Houston
HOUSTON (/ˈhjuːstən/ ( listen ) HYOO-stən ) is the most populous
city in the
U.S. state of
TexasTexas and the fourth-most populous city in
the
United States , with a census-estimated 2016 population of 2.303
million within a land area of 599.59 square miles (1,552.9 km2). It
is the largest city in the Southern United States, and the seat of
Harris County . Located in Southeast
TexasTexas near the
Gulf of MexicoGulf of Mexico ,
it is the principal city of the
Greater Houston metro area, which is
the fifth-most populated MSA in the United States.
HoustonHouston was founded on August 30, 1836, near the banks of Buffalo
Bayou (now known as Allen\'s Landing ) and incorporated as a city on
June 5, 1837
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Metropolitan Area
A METROPOLITAN AREA, sometimes referred to as a METRO AREA or
COMMUTER BELT, is a region consisting of a densely populated urban
core and its less-populated surrounding territories, sharing industry,
infrastructure, and housing. A metro area usually comprises multiple
jurisdictions and municipalities : neighborhoods , townships ,
boroughs , cities , towns , exurbs , suburbs , counties , districts ,
states , and even nations like the eurodistricts . As social, economic
and political institutions have changed, metropolitan areas have
become key economic and political regions. Metropolitan areas include
one or more urban areas , as well as satellite cities, towns and
intervening rural areas that are socio-economically tied to the urban
core, typically measured by commuting patterns
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Time Zone
A TIME ZONE is a region of the globe that observes a uniform standard
time for legal , commercial , and social purposes.
TimeTime zones tend to
follow the boundaries of countries and their subdivisions because it
is convenient for areas in close commercial or other communication to
keep the same time . Most of the time zones on land are offset from Coordinated Universal
TimeTime (UTC) by a whole number of hours (
UTC−12 to UTC+14), but a few
zones are offset by 30 or 45 minutes (e.g. Newfoundland Standard Time
is UTC−03:30,
NepalNepal Standard
TimeTime is UTC+05:45, and Indian Standard
TimeTime is UTC+05:30). Some higher latitude and temperate zone countries use daylight saving
time for part of the year, typically by adjusting local clock time by
an hour. Many land time zones are skewed toward the west of the
corresponding nautical time zones
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Geographic Coordinate System
A GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATE SYSTEM is a coordinate system used in
geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a
set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen
such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position , and two
or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position . A common
choice of coordinates is latitude , longitude and elevation . To specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map
projection
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Municipal Corporation
A MUNICIPAL CORPORATION is the legal term for a local governing body
, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities , counties , towns
, townships , charter townships , villages , and boroughs . The term
can also be used to describe municipally owned corporations . Municipal corporations are by definition incorporated, in contrast to
unincorporated areas . CONTENTS* 1
Municipal corporationMunicipal corporation as local self-government * 1.1 Canada
* 1.2 India
* 1.3 Ireland
* 1.4 United States * 2
Municipal corporationMunicipal corporation as enterprises
* 3 See also
* 4 References MUNICIPAL CORPORATION AS LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENTMunicipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become
self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in
which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or
declaration of a municipal charter
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Namesake
A NAMESAKE is a person named after another, or more broadly, a
thing (such as a company, place, ship, building, or concept) named
after a person. According to the
Oxford English DictionaryOxford English Dictionary , a
namesake is also defined as "a person or thing having the same name as
another". CONTENTS * 1 History
* 2 Usage
* 3 Family
* 4 Culture
* 5 Concepts
* 6 See also
* 7 References HISTORYThe word is first recorded in the mid-seventeenth century, and
probably comes from the phrase "for name's sake". USAGEIn general, the second recipient of a name, named for the first, is
said to be the namesake of the first. The attribution can, however, go
in the opposite direction, with namesake referring to the original
holder of the name (the eponym ). Strictly speaking, a namesake is only a person named for another
person—i.e., for the sake of the other's name, to keep it alive
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Mayor–council Government
The MAYOR–COUNCIL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM is one of the two most common
forms of local government in the United States . It is the one most
frequently adopted in large cities, although the other form,
council–manager government , is the typical local government form of
more municipalities. Characterized by having a mayor who is elected by the voters, the
mayor –council variant may be broken down into two main variations
depending on the relationship between the legislative and executive
branches, becoming a weak-mayor or a strong-mayor variation based upon
the powers of the office. These forms are used principally in modern
representative municipal governments in the United States, but also
are used in some other countries
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Daylight Saving Time
DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME (abbreviated DST), commonly referred to as
DAYLIGHT SAVINGS TIME in speech, and known as SUMMER TIME in some
countries, is the practice of advancing clocks during summer months so
that evening daylight lasts longer, while sacrificing normal sunrise
times. Typically, regions that use daylight saving time adjust clocks
forward one hour close to the start of spring and adjust them backward
in the autumn to standard time. George Hudson proposed the idea of daylight saving in 1895. The
German EmpireGerman Empire and
Austria-HungaryAustria-Hungary organized the first nationwide
implementation, starting on April 30, 1916. Many countries have used
it at various times since then, particularly since the energy crisis
of the 1970s . DST is generally not observed near the equator, where sunrise times
do not vary enough to justify it
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Telephone Numbering Plan
A TELEPHONE NUMBERING PLAN is a type of numbering scheme used in
telecommunication to assign telephone numbers to subscriber telephones
or other telephony endpoints. Telephone numbers are the addresses of
participants in a telephone network, reachable by a system of
destination code routing. Telephone numbering plans are defined in
each of administrative regions of the public switched telephone
network (PSTN) and they are also present in private telephone
networks. For public number systems, geographic location plays a role
in the sequence of numbers assigned to each telephone subscriber. Numbering plans may follow a variety of design strategies which have
often arisen from the historical evolution of individual telephone
networks and local requirements. A broad division is commonly
recognized, distinguishing open numbering plans and closed numbering
plans
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Federal Information Processing Standard
FEDERAL INFORMATION PROCESSING STANDARDS (FIPS) are publicly
announced standards developed by the United States federal government
for use in computer systems by non-military government agencies and
government contractors. FIPS standards are issued to establish requirements for various
purposes such as ensuring computer security and interoperability, and
are intended for cases in which suitable industry standards do not
already exist. Many FIPS specifications are modified versions of
standards used in the technical communities, such as the American
National Standards Institute (ANSI), the Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO). CONTENTS * 1 Specific areas of FIPS standardization
* 2 Data security standards
* 3 Withdrawal of geographic codes
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 External links SPECIFIC AREAS OF FIPS STANDARDIZATIONThe U.S
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Geographic Names Information System
The GEOGRAPHIC NAMES INFORMATION SYSTEM (GNIS) is a database that
contains name and locative information about more than two million
physical and cultural features located throughout the
United States of
America and its territories. It is a type of gazetteer . GNIS was
developed by the
United States Geological Survey in cooperation with
the
United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) to promote the
standardization of feature names. The database is part of a system that includes topographic map names
and bibliographic references. The names of books and historic maps
that confirm the feature or place name are cited. Variant names,
alternatives to official federal names for a feature, are also
recorded. Each feature receives a permanent, unique feature record
identifier, sometimes called the GNIS identifier
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Post-office Box
A POST-OFFICE BOX or POST OFFICE BOX (commonly referred to as a P.O.
BOX or a POSTAL BOX) is a uniquely addressable lockable box located on
the premises of a post office station. In some regions, particularly in Africa, there is no 'door to door'
delivery of mail, for example, in
KenyaKenya . Consequently, renting a PO
box has traditionally been the only way to receive mail in such
countries. However, some, like
JordanJordan , have introduced mail home
delivery. Generally, post office boxes are rented from the post office either
by individuals or by businesses on a basis ranging from monthly to
annual, and the cost of rent varies depending on the box size. Central
business district (CBD) PO boxes are usually more expensive than rural
PO boxes. In the United States, the rental rate used to be uniform across the
country
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