U.S. Senate rejects conservative effort to block gun control bill

WASHINGTON -- Gun control supporters in the U.S. Senate won the first showdown over how to respond to the December school shootings in Connecticut, defeating an effort by conservatives to derail firearms restrictions before debate could even start.

The 68-31 vote Thursday gave an early burst of momentum to efforts by President Barack Obama and lawmakers to push fresh but modest gun curbs through Congress. The National Rifle Association, the top gun advocacy group, along with many Republicans and some moderate Democrats, says the proposals go too far.

The road to congressional approval of major restrictions remains difficult, particularly in the Republican-led House of Representatives, where there is strong opposition.

The vote came four months after a gunman killed 20 young children and six staffers at a Connecticut school, spurring Obama and legislators to attempt to address firearms violence. Congress has not approved sweeping gun restrictions since enacting an assault weapons ban 19 years ago, a prohibition that lawmakers failed to renew a decade later.

Expanded background checks of gun purchasers are at the core of the latest Democrat-led gun control drive. Other top proposals -- including bans on assault weapons and high-capacity ammunition magazines -- will be offered as amendments during Senate debate but seem destined for defeat.

Background checks currently apply only to transactions handled by the country's 55,000 licensed gun dealers. Advocates of expanding the system say too many sales -- the exact proportion is unknown -- escape the checks, which are supposed to keep weapons from going to criminals, the seriously mentally ill, and others

"The hard work starts now," Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, a Democrat, said after the vote. As he spoke, relatives of the school shooting victims watching from the visitors' gallery above the Senate floor wiped away tears and held hands, and some seemed to pray.

The vote opened the door to an emotion-laden debate on the legislation, which would subject more firearms buyers to federal background checks, strengthen laws against illicit gun trafficking and increase school safety aid. Advocates say the measures would make it harder for criminals and the mentally ill to get weapons.

Opponents argue that the restrictions would violate the U.S. Constitution's right to bear arms and would be ignored by criminals. Despite their defeat, conservatives were threatening to invoke a procedural rule forcing the Senate to wait 30 hours before it could begin considering amendments.

Before the vote, Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, a Republican who was supporting the conservative effort to block debate, said the legislation would restrict the constitutionally protected rights of relatives and friends to sell firearms to each other.

"This bill is a clear overreach that will predominantly punish and harass our neighbours, friends, and family," McConnell said.

The roll call came a day after Sens. Joe Manchin, a Democrat, and Patrick Toomey, a Republican, two of the most conservative members of their parties, unveiled a less-restrictive compromise on federal background checks, requiring them for gun shows and online transactions but exempting noncommercial, personal transactions.

The compromise between Toomey and Manchin, both owners of guns who have "A" ratings from the NRA, was likely to improve the prospects that the Senate might expand background checks by attracting broader support. But debate could last weeks, and it was not known what amendments to the overall bill, either constricting or expanding gun rights, senators might approve.

Underscoring the difficult path gun curbs face in the House, its leader Speaker John Boehner, repeated his plan to wait for the Senate to produce something and pointedly noted that the background check agreement had yet to pass Senate muster.

"It's one thing for two members to come to some agreement. It doesn't substitute the will for the other 98 members," he told reporters.

In a written statement, Obama said, "This is not my bill," adding that he wished the agreement was stronger. Still, he praised it as significant progress, saying, "We don't have to agree on everything to know that we've got to do something to stem the tide of gun violence."

Gun control groups gave the deal warm but not effusive praise, noting that unknown details and some pro-gun provisions gave them pause.

The NRA said it opposed the agreement.

And in a letter to senators, NRA lobbyist Chris W. Cox warned that the organization would include lawmakers' votes on the Manchin-Toomey deal and other amendments it opposes in the candidate ratings it sends to its members and supporters.

Thursday's vote came a day before the Supreme Court is expected to consider a new appeal aimed at loosening state restrictions on firearms.

The justices will meet in private to discuss adding new cases for the term that begins in the fall. Among them is an appeal of a federal court ruling that upheld New York's strict licensing scheme for carrying concealed weapons in public. The NRA and 20 states are backing an appeal by five New York residents who claim that the state law violates their constitutional gun rights.

The court could say as early as Monday whether it will hear the case.

Legal scholars say the issue of whether people have a right to be armed in public is likely to win high court review at some point.

In November, less than three weeks before the Connecticut shootings, the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in New York upheld a state law that requires those who want to carry handguns to show a special need for self-protection. Other states with gun laws like New York include California, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts and New Jersey.

Challenges are pending to the laws in California, Hawaii and New Jersey.

University of California at Los Angeles law professor Adam Winkler, an expert on the legal dispute over guns, said the time may not be right for the high court's review. "The justices have to be cognizant of the politics of guns at this moment in time," he said.

In December, the Chicago-based 7th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals struck down the only statewide ban on carrying concealed weapons, in Illinois. Illinois Attorney General Lisa Madigan has said she will wait to see what the state legislature does before deciding whether to appeal the ruling to the Supreme Court.

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Photos

House Speaker John Boehner of Ohio takes questions from reporters on gun control, immigration and the budget during a news conference on Capitol Hill in Washington, Thursday, April 11, 2013. (AP / J. Scott Applewhite)

Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., left, becomes emotional as he meets in his office with families of victims of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting in Newtown, Conn., Wednesday, April 10, 2013 (AP / J. Scott Applewhite)

Jonathan Scalise, owner of Ammunition Storage Components, holds up a 10 round, left, and a 30 round, right, magazine that his company manufacturers for the AR-15 rifle in New Britain, Conn., Wednesday, April 10, 2013. (AP / Charles Krupa)