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What we see in Malinowski is the reverse: an extension of the pragmatic reach of context so as to undervalue the eliminating function of linguistic forms. I suggested earlier that Malinowski’s work can be seen as an excursion into discourse analysis (in a way that Harris’s work is not). But we can agree with Labov that it is not well developed. Malinowski’s ethnographic observations, suggestive as they are, are not so systematized as to constitute a linguistic theory. It is not entirely clear indeed just how the key concepts context, situation and context of situation are to be distinguished.

And this follows because only some of the semantic meaning encoded in linguistic form is activated as contextually appropriate on a particular occasion. What is distinctive about S/F grammar is that it shows how the language code is informed by the range of contextual functions it is called upon to discharge in the social process. These external contextual functions become encoded as internal semantic relations. Every clause represents a convergence of options from the different semantic networks, and can be analysed as message, exchange, representation, at different constituent ranks and at Text and grammar 23 different levels of delicacy.

But since all of these are signalled elsewhere in the clause, the auxiliary in fact has no auxiliary signiﬁcance whatever. So we can dispense with it in actual use, and if we have access to contextual information, we can dispense with the subject too. So it is that we have no difﬁculty interpreting the reduced clause as a text in the form of a telegram: ARRIVING TOMORROW So it is too that communication can often be achieved by minimal linguistic effort so long as an effective contextual contact is thereby achieved: Me Tarzan.