PURPOSE: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is common among cancer patients. Early identification of patients at risk for CINV may help to personalize anti-emetic therapies. To date, few studies have examined the combined contributions of patient-reported and genetic risk factors to CINV. The goal of this study was to evaluate these risk factors. METHODS: Prior to their first chemotherapy infusion, participants completed demographic and risk factor questionnaires and provided a blood sample to measure genetic variants in ABCB1 (rs1045642) and HTR3B (rs45460698) as well as CYP2D6 activity score...

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of uterine artery embolization (UAE) followed by dilation and curettage (D&C) as a treatment for cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and to assess pregnancy outcomes after the treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 33 CSP patients treated with UAE followed by D&C. The serum level of beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) normalization, hospitalization, menstruation, and successful pregnancy after treatment was assessed as clinical and pregnancy outcomes...

OBJECTIVE: It is difficult to critically outline the optimal treatment for women with early-stage cervical cancer (eCC) wishing fertility preservation. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) to downstage "bulky" eCC could potentially lead to fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) in a wider patient population. The rationale is to provide oncological safety balanced with maximal fertility effort. We aimed to obtain the most accurate fertility outcomes for eCC women treated with NAC followed by FSS and identify potential factors favoring fertility...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate uterine evacuation of patients with molar pregnancy, comparing manual with electric vacuum aspiration. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with molar pregnancy followed at the Rio de Janeiro Trophoblastic Disease Center from January 2007 to December 2016. The individual primary study outcomes were incomplete uterine evacuation, uterine perforation, development of uterine synechia, and development of postmolar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia...

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is one of the most common gynecological diseases in women of reproductive age. IUA, particularlyin moderate to severe forms, accounts for a large percentage of infertility cases. Clinically, the first‑line treatment strategy for IUA is transcervical resection of adhesion (TCRA), followed by adjuvant postoperative treatment. Estrogen is one of the classic chemotherapies used following TCRA and contributes to preventing re‑adhesion following surgery. However, estrogen has limited effects in promoting pregnancy, which is the ultimate goal for IUA management...

OBJECTIVE: Presentation of a rare finding non-Hodgkin´s B-lymphoma of the ovary in a patient during caesarean section. DESIGN: Case report. SETTINGS: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Regional Hospital Liberec, a.s.; First Internal Clinic - Clinic of Hematology, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Praque and Motol University Hospital...

RATIONALE: PNETs (primitive neuroectodermal tumors) are a family of highly malignant neoplasms characterized by small round cells of neuroepithelial origin. They usually involve bone and soft tissues, and have a higher incidence in childhood. PATIENT CONCERNS: In this case report, we describe the obstetric and oncological outcome of a huge mass diagnosed as a leiomyoma in a 39-year-old pregnant woman who complained of low back pain, dysuria, and urinary frequency at 22 weeks of gestation...

PURPOSE: The risk of ovarian failure after radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy is a concern among oncologic women. There is no doubt regarding the psycho-emotional benefits of fertility preservation (FP) after a cancer diagnosis because concerns about biological conception are a source of anxiety and can even affect the patient's cancer recovery. The aim of this study was to evaluate oncology patients' feelings, concerns, and life quality impacts related to FP. METHODS: This qualitative cross-sectional study was based on a questionnaire administered to a selected group of women diagnosed with cancer who underwent FP...

As current treatment options almost never achieve eradication of hepatitis B virus (HBV), the most realistic goal for HBV treatment is persistent inhibition of viral replication and ALT normalization. Thus, the decision to start treatment should be based on careful patient selection and individualized decisions. Treatment is generally indicated in chronic hepatitis B patients with HBV DNA >2000 IU/mL, elevated ALT and/or at least moderate histological lesions, while all patients with cirrhosis and detectable HBV DNA should be treated...

Ovarian malignancies are rare in pregnancy; however, the incidence of abnormal adnexal masses diagnosed during pregnancy is increasing. The most common masses are ovarian cysts, and only 3-6% of those are malignant. The majority of ovarian masses are diagnosed at an early stage by routine ultrasound examinations. Malignant germ cell tumors are the most common ovarian malignancies associated with pregnancy, while the incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer is only 1:12,000-1:50,000 of pregnancies. The diagnosis and management of ovarian cancer during pregnancy remain unclear due to the rare occurrence and scant data on this condition...

Objective: To investigate the principles of diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer during pregnancy. Methods: Clinical data of patients with breast cancer during pregnancy admitted to Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University between January 2012 to July 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 17 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer in pregnancy, the median age was 32 years (range from 25 to 45 years old), pathological staging revealed 2 patient with stage 0, 1 with stage Ⅱa, 7 with stage Ⅱb, 1 with stage Ⅲa, 2 with stage Ⅲc, 4 with stage Ⅳ...

BACKGROUND: Awareness is growing that cancer can be treated during pregnancy, but the effect of this change on maternal and neonatal outcomes is unknown. The International Network on Cancer, Infertility and Pregnancy (INCIP) registers the incidence and maternal, obstetric, oncological, and neonatal outcomes of cancer occurring during pregnancy. We aimed to describe the oncological management and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of patients registered in INCIP and treated in the past 20 years, and assess associations between cancer type or treatment modality and obstetric and neonatal outcomes...

RATIONALE: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is a group of rare tumors that can be cured using chemotherapy. The use of artificial contraception for at least 1 year is recommended not only due to the high recurrence rate in the first year after treatment, but also because of the unclear genetic toxic effects of multidrug regimen chemotherapy on reproductive cells. There is no consensus about the contraception duration, but most patients want to have children. PATIENT CONCERNS: This case involved a 33-year-old female suffering from gestational trophoblastic neoplasia and 5-fluorouracil + actinomycin-D chemotherapy...

Newly diagnosed cancer in pregnancy is an issue with increasing importance, because fulfilling the wish to have a child is shifted later in life. Tumour disease is diagnosed in around 0.1% of all pregnancies in Germany. Most common tumour entities involve the breast, the cervix and the hematopoietic system. As tumour prognosis is not negatively affected by pregnancy and gestation does not disclude oncologic therapy it is important to plan treatment immediately. Oncologic surgery preserving the uterus is not at all limited...

RATIONALE: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) occurs primarily in pediatric population, or secondary to malignancy, infection, or autoimmune disease. This disease is rare and prognosis is generally poor. Only a small number of cases during pregnancy have been reported in literature. PATIENT CONCERNS: We report a case of pregnancy-associated HLH secondary to natural killer (NK)/T cells lymphoma. She was admitted at 30 weeks and 3 days of pregnancy with complaints of abdominal pain and fever as high as 39...

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is present in various body fluids and originates mostly from blood cells. In specific conditions, circulating cfDNA might be derived from tumours, donor organs after transplantation or from the foetus during pregnancy. The analysis of cfDNA is mainly used for genetic analyses of the source tissue -tumour, foetus or for the early detection of graft rejection. It might serve also as a nonspecific biomarker of tissue damage in critical care medicine. In kidney diseases, cfDNA increases during haemodialysis and indicates cell damage...

METHODS: French patients (≤18years) treated for dysgerminoma between 1985 and 2005 in TGM-85, 90, 95 protocols were included. Treatment was based on primary unilateral oophorectomy followed by prophylactic lymph node irradiation (1985-1998) or a wait-and-see strategy (1998-2005) for localised completely resected tumours (pS1) or by platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced diseases. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients (median age 12.8 years) were included. Six patients had gonadal dysgenesis...

Background: To assess maternal and fetal outcome of women and newborns who received chemotherapy during pregnancy to treat Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)in early stages (IA, IIA), we performed a retrospective analysis of a cohort of 44 pregnant women with HL and early stages, diagnosed and treated between 1988 to 2013, at a tertiary reference cancer center. Methods: We analyzed data on HL characteristics and treatment, with a particular attention to maternal and fetal complications; in children, we performed a longer follow-up to detect any anomaly in physical development, scholar performance, psychological, cardiac, neurological function, and intelligence tests...