Civil Resistance and Power Politics

The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present

Edited by Adam Roberts and Timothy Garton Ash

Description

This widely-praised book identified peaceful struggle as a key phenomenon in international politics a year before the revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt confirmed its central argument. Civil resistance--non-violent action against such challenges as dictatorial rule, racial discrimination and foreign military occupation--is a significant but inadequately understood feature of world politics. Especially through the peaceful revolutions of 1989, and the developments in the Arab world since December 2010, it has helped to shape the world we live in.

Civil Resistance and Power Politics covers most of the leading cases, including the actions master-minded by Gandhi, the US civil rights struggle in the 1960s, the Islamic revolution in Iran in 1979, the 'people
power' revolt in the Philippines in the 1980s, the campaigns against apartheid in South Africa, the various movements contributing to the collapse of the Soviet Bloc in 1989-91, and, in this century, the 'colour revolutions' in Georgia and Ukraine. The chapters, written by leading experts, are richly descriptive and analytically rigorous.

This book addresses the complex interrelationship between civil resistance and other dimensions of power. It explores the question of whether civil resistance should be seen as potentially replacing violence completely, or as a phenomenon that operates in conjunction with, and modification of, power politics. It looks at cases where campaigns were repressed, including China in 1989 and Burma in 2007. It notes that in several instances,
including Northern Ireland, Kosovo and Georgia, civil resistance movements were followed by the outbreak of armed conflict. It also includes a chapter with new material from Russian archives showing how the Soviet leadership responded to civil resistance, and a comprehensive bibliographical essay.

Illustrated throughout with a remarkable selection of photographs, this uniquely wide-ranging and path-breaking study is written in an accessible style and is intended for the general reader as well as for students of Modern History, Politics, Sociology and International Relations.

Civil Resistance and Power Politics

The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present

Edited by Adam Roberts and Timothy Garton Ash

Table of Contents

Preface1. Civil Resistance and Power Politics, Adam Roberts2. People Power and Protest: The Literature on Civil Resistance in Historical Context, April Carter3. Gandhi and Civil Resistance in India, 1917-47: Key Issues, Judith Brown4. The US Civil Rights Movement: Power from Below and Above, 1945-70, Doug McAdam5. The Interplay of Non-violent and Violent Action in Northern Ireland, 1967-72, Richard English6. The Dialectics of Empire: Soviet Leaders and the Challenge of Civil Resistance in East-Central Europe, 1968-91, Mark Kramer7. Civil Resistance in Czechoslovakia: From Soviet Invasion to 'Velvet Revolution', 1968-89, Kieran Williams8. Towards 'Self-Limiting Revolution': Poland, 1970-89, Aleksander Smolar9. Portugal:
'The Revolution of the Carnations', 1974-75, Kenneth Maxwell10. Mass Protests in the Iranian Revolution, 1977-79, Ervand Abrahamian11. 'People Power' in the Philippines, 1983-86, Amado Mendoza12. Political Mass Mobilization against Authoritarian Rule: Pinochet's Chile, 1983-88, Carlos Huneeus13. The Interplay of Non-violent and Violent Action in the Movement against Apartheid in South Africa, 1983-94, Tom Lodge14. The Intersection of Ethnic Nationalism and People Power Tactics in the Baltic States, 1987-91, Mark R. Beissinger15. The 1989 Demonstrations in Tiananmen Square and Beyond: Echoes of Gandhi, Merle Goldman16. Civil Resistance and Civil Society: Lessons from the Collapse of the German Democratic Republic in 1989, Charles S. Maier17.
The Limits of Prudence: Civil Resistance in Kosovo, 1990-98, Howard Clark18. Civil Society versus Slobodan Milosevic: Serbia, 1991-2000, Ivan Vejvoda19. Georgia's 'Rose Revolution' of 2003: A Forceful Peace, Stephen Jones20. Ukraine's 'Orange Revolution' of 2004: The Paradoxes of Negotiation, Andrew Wilson21. The Moment of the Monks: Burma, 2007, Christina Fink22. A Century of Civil Resistance: Some Lessons and Questions, Timothy Garton Ash

Civil Resistance and Power Politics

The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present

Edited by Adam Roberts and Timothy Garton Ash

Author Information

Sir Adam Roberts is President of the British Academy, Senior Research Fellow of Politics and International Relations at Oxford University, and Emeritus Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford University. His main academic interests are in the fields of international security, international organizations, and international law (including the laws of war). He has also worked extensively on the role of civil resistance against dictatorial regimes and foreign rule, and on the history of thought about international relations. Professor Robert's is the co-editor of The United Nations Security Council and War (OUP 2008), Documents on the Laws of War (OUP 2000), and Hugo Grotius and International Relations (OUP 1992).

Timothy Garton Ash is Professor of European Studies
at Oxford University, Isaiah Berlin Professorial Fellow at St Antony's College, Oxford University, and a Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University. He is the author of eight books of political writing or 'history of the present' which have charted the transformation of Europe over the last quarter-century. His essays appear regularly in the New York Review of Books and he writes a weekly column in the Guardian which is widely syndicated in Europe, Asia and the Americas. Throughout the nineteen eighties, he reported and analyzed the emancipation of Central Europe from communism in contributions to the New York Review of Books, the Independent, the Times, and the Spectator.

Contributors:

Ervand Abrahamian is Distinguished Professor of History at City University of New York.Mark R. Beissinger is Professor of Politics at Princeton University, specializing in Russian and post-Soviet politics.Judith Brown is Beit Professor of Commonwealth History at Oxford University and Professorial Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford.April Carter is an Honorary Research Fellow at the Centre for Peace and Reconciliation Studies, Coventry University. Howard Clark is Chair of War Resisters' International and Honorary Research Fellow at the Centre for Peace and Reconciliation Studies at Coventry University.Richard English is Professor of Politics at Queen's University. Christina Fink is a Lecturer at the International Sustainable
Development Studies Institute in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Timothy Garton Ash is Professor of European Studies at the University of Oxford, Isaiah Berlin Professorial Fellow at St Antony's College, Oxford, and a Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University.Merle Goldman is Professor Emerita at Boston University and Associate at the Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies, Harvard University.Carlos Huneeus is Professor of the Institute of International Studies at the University of Chile and Executive Director of Corporation CERC. Stephen Jones is Professor of Russian and Eurasian Studies at Mount Holyoke College. He has written over 50 articles and chapters on Georgian history and politics.Mark Kramer is Director of the Harvard Cold War Studies
Project at Harvard University and a Senior Fellow at Harvard's Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies. Tom Lodge is Professor of Peace and Conflict Studies at the University of Limerick. Charles S. Maier is the Leverett Saltonstall Professor of History at Harvard University where he teaches European and international history.Kenneth Maxwell is Director of the Brazil Studies Program at Harvard University's David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies and a Visiting Professor in the Department of History. Doug McAdam is Professor of Sociology at Stanford University. Amado Mendoza is Associate Professor in Political Science and International Studies at the University of the Philippines in Diliman, Quezon City.Adam Roberts is Senior Research
Fellow, Department of Politics and International Relations, Oxford University, and Emeritus Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford. Aleksander Smolar is Chairman of the Board of the Stefan Batory Foundation in Warsaw and a Senior Research Fellow at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris.Ivan Vejvoda is Executive Director of the Balkan Trust for Democracy. Kieran Williams is Instructor in Politics at Drake University. Andrew Wilson is Senior Lecturer in Ukrainian Studies at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies at the University College London.

Civil Resistance and Power Politics

The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present

Edited by Adam Roberts and Timothy Garton Ash

Reviews and Awards

"Highly informative compilation of different quests for political, economic, and social change over the past half-century. The great value of Civil Resistance and Power Politics is to provide relatively succinct accounts of these diverse events in such a way as to underline both their differences and their similarities."--New York Review of Books

"Roberts and Garton Ash succeed in their task magnificently. Seldom has a collective work displayed such coordinated research; seldom has the selection of authors been so successful...and seldom have the introductory and concluding essays in an edited work been so effective...indispensable book"--Survival

"This book is a timely reminder that realpolitik is by no means always the best way to consolidate power. And this may prompt a rethink as to the very nature of power itself."--International Affairs

"A book full of thought-provoking stories and arresting statistics...a valuable contribution to our understanding of a phenomenon that history has too often ignored--and a political tactic that looks set to become even more potent in the years ahead." --Sunday Business Post