Na poziomie naukowym, projekt ma walor innowacyjny i oryginalny. W Polsce nadal wyraźnie brakuje antropologicznych badań, opartych na głębokiej etnograficznej pracy terenowej, które dotyczyłyby autostrady jako specyficznego krajobrazu kulturowego w kontekście lokalnej modernizacji. Nasz projekt może wypełnić wskazaną lukę dzięki temu, że skupia się na kulturowych, ekonomicznych i społecznych aspektach „modernizacji poprzez autostradę”. Na poziomie społecznym z kolei, wybrane do badań społeczności i miejscowości będą mogły lepiej zrozumieć sytuację, w jakiej się znalazły. Wieńcząca projekt specjalna konferencja będzie służyć wymianie doświadczeń i debacie przedstawicieli lokalnych środowisk samorządowych, pozarządowych, opiniotwórczych i innych//////////On scientific level, our project is innovative and original because in Poland is a marked lack of recent anthropological research based on in-depth ethnographical fieldwork, which would explore motorway as a specific cultural landscape in a context of local modernization. Our project would fulfill this gaps, as it is focused on cultural, economic and social aspects of ‘modernization through motorway’. On social level, the communes and towns selected for the research will be able to better understand their situation. A special conference held at the completion of the project will serve to share experience and for debate the representatives of local self-government, non-government, opinion making and other circles.

Work planThe work plan of the submitted project is founded on through research by applying diverse methods and techniques for carrying out ethnographic fieldwork. Its application is necessary for achievement of main project objectives and following partial aims:

observation of direct and indirect relationship between putting in 2011 A2 motorway (section Nowy Tomyśl-Świecko) into use and socio-cultural changes occuring in towns and villages lined the entire 92 trunk road. Since 2011 92(DK92) trunk road (called „stara dwójka”) was the main transport corridor no. II from Western Europe to the East Europe.

displaying interconnections and feedbacks between local administrative infrastructural, also cultural activities and national and/or international ideologies concern economic and social development

analysis impact of discourse on modernization and „orientation to the West” and also it converting on the local grass-roots level (agency of local communities)

determination of correlation between economic and social modernization, regional communication systems and cultural changes

following through dynamic development and transformations of spatial structures so far remained outside main modernizing areas; following through influences on socio-economic activities (decrease or increase, impairment or reinforcement, specificity changes)

multiperspective presentation of transformation processes and adopting strategies within local communities (local authorities, entrepreneurs and contractors, inhabitants, tourists and other groups constantly flew through in the scope of research).

The area and mode of planned ethnographic research is founded on already performed pre-preliminairy research: two mobile fieldwork research and Internet cartographic survey. On that basis a multipage report was written. After preliminary Internet survey and more detailed analysis satellite, topographic maps and other visual data 5 central points of research were determined. Points are located along trunk road no. 92 and are situated at different distance from A2 motorway. Some of them are interchanges. Each point is multisite in character. The research area extends over two voivodeships (Greater Poland and Lubusz), four counties (Nowy Tomyśl, Międzyrzecz, Świebodzin, Sulęcin), 7 communes/gminy (Miedzichowo, Trzciel, Szczaniec, Świebodzin, Lubrza, Łagów oraz Torzym). The scope of fieldwork research includes 22 towns, villages and settlements cut across trunk road no. 92 differently interrelated with A2 motorway.

The initial findings show the need for realization multi-phase, multisite and mobile research. Undertaking such mode of ethnographic fieldwork reflects the proposed research team that must consist of co-investigators with professional experience. On account of planned research demand highest level of availability and involvement, also for increasing of research effectiveness independent investigators will be preferred. Mobile pilot research will be carried out by PhD students and students in Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan. Realization of simultaneous, group pilot studies is recognized as crucial for the following research stages. Also we want to make a use of possibility to stimulate young researchers intellectually and support them into conscientiousness and reliability.

The general research plan consists of 6 main stages. Among them 3 fieldwork grounded (secondary sources research, mobile, multisite and in-depth stationary fieldwork, realization of fieldwork audioreportages) and 3 analytical, designing, conceptual and evaluating can be distinguished. More detailed studies and analytical activities were distinguished separately at each stage of the general research plan. The first stage includes initial research such as archival and cartographic research, multisite introductory research, mobile motorway research with audiovisual documentation. The second stage concentrates on working out and evaluation all date collected during the previous phase, including drawing out research tools and research instructions essential for a pilot expedition. The third stage intends realization of one month multisite pilot research held by research workteam consisted of IEiAK UAM students and PhD students. The fourth stage is planned as comparative phase based on working out pilot studies results and the organization of the international conference. At this stage in-depth research will be designed. The fifth stage intends realization of stationary, multistie in-depth research that will be conducted in different seasons (spring/summer and autumn/winter), also the realization audioreportages serve as a audiographic part of in-depth research and multimedia evaluation of research project The sixth stage will have evaluation, summing up and working out ethnographic project, including the organization of the conference and publication a book supplemented with CD with audioreportages and visual documentation (video and photography)

Research MethodologyIndividual research tasks requires application of multiply and divers methods and techniques. Fundamental methodological assumptions refer to the anthropological conception of multiste ethnography. Multisited ethnography breaks with convention of carrying out reserch located in one concrate place. It standard reformative thesis was intruduced by George Marcus (1995) who argued that multisited ethnography defines as its objective the study of social phenomena that cannot be accounted for by focusing on a single site. The main subject of reserach in the submitted project can not be seen as a single, one-site framework within which the local is contextualized or compared. Unfinished modernization processes evoked by opening A2 motorway within Nowy Tomyśl-Świecko section should be analised as integral to and embedded in multisited objects of study. Essence of multisited ethnography assumpion is to follow people, connections and associations (see Falzon 2009). Adapted methodology allows for design research as series of juxtapositions in which the national and international modernizations are collapsed into and made an integral part of parallel, related local situations, rather than something monolithic or external to them. As a result, multisited ethnography involves a spatially dispersed field through which the ethnographers moves literally and by means of techniques of juxtaposition of data. Using multisited ethnography is one of the most reasonable means of studyingcontemporary social phenomena as influence of motorway on local but highly dispersed and different socio-cultural and economic strategies. There is no other more appropriate method for investigating a „presence” and effects of motorway that is used to move from one place to another as ethnography doing in movement, in mutisite filedwork mode. It is that movement influences on local economic conditions in relation to both political and grass-roots activities. Broadly speaking our reserch are designed as ethnographic and multistage in nature. We will use comparative methods that allow for presentation many divers grass-roots perspectives. All analysis, interpretations and theoretical assumption will be based on two kinds of data collected during research process:

Assumed multiperspective presentation of transformation processes and adopting strategies within local communities requires study within different gropus: local authorities and activists, local entrepreneurs and contractors who run i.e. motels, roadhouses, boarding houses, bars, brothels or farm tourism, drivers and tourists, owners and workers of petrol stations and motorway service centers as well as other inhabitatnts of chosen towns, villages and settelments.

Following methods will find application in research process:

Archival-internet research method: primary research which involves seeking out and extracting data from original resources. Include a broad range of activities applied to facilitate the investigation of documents, textual, visual and audio materials connected with process of develompnet and opening A2 motorway, infrastructural and economic activites in area located along trunk road no. 92

Cartographic analysis method: means to derive information about spatial patterns and relationships with undergone landcape transformations under the influence of development and opening A2 motorway

Visual methods (as video and photographic documentation): methods applied during whole research process. It is aimed at documenting dynamisc of wide understood landscape changes. Achived documentation is planned as a part of a final conference and publication

Journalistic/reporter method: additional method of gathering in-depth data. Application of journalistic method supported with ethnography is aimed at creation of alternative and universally intelligible anthropological represtanation of research project outcome. Realized audioreportages will be broadcasted and publishd jointly with a final publication.

roadmap/harmonogram

2013:

Pre-project stage (field visits and maps surveys)

2014:

Initial on-line and other archival research (governmental, all-Poland and local newspapers archives, reports, data bases and other Internet archives): gathering information about secondary sources and secondry sources itself

Cartographic research and analysis of i.a. cartographic, satellite, historical, urban planning and development maps

Working out and analysis of specialist literature, statistical data and other secondary sources indicated in initial archival research

Multisite introductory fieldwork: initial visits in seats of 7 communes (gminy) located between A2 motorway and national road no. 92. Making formal contacts with local authorities and activists, raising information about local administratives and economic develompent.

Mobile (motorway) research: the first of four planned repeatable research essential for comparative analysis; with an application of visual methods (video and photo documentation). Establishing contacts with motorway service centers

Working out and analysis of the first stage research results: analysis, combined report, working out visual data

Drawing out research tools for multisite pilot research: design questionnaires, research instructions, research logistics. Multisite pilot research: one month mobile teamwork research in 5 chosen points of study (the area encompasses 22 villages)

Carrying out pilot interviews and observations

2015:

Transcriptions of interviews gathered during pilot research

Working out multisite pilot research: analysis, working out transcribed interviews, fieldnotes, unit reports and visual data

Dissemination and summing up pilot research results

Working out and analysis of specialist literature according to pilot research results

Designing in-depth ethnographic stationary research: drawing out research instructions based on pilot research

Mobile (motorway) research: the second of four planned repeatable research essential for comparative analysis; with an application of visual methods (video and photo documentation)

In-depth ethnographic multisite stationary research: about 9 month research conducted by 5 fieldworkers in 5 strategic fieldsites established on the basis of the pilot research evaluation

Initial working out data collected during in-depth multisite ethnographic stationary research

Mobile (motorway) research: the third of four planned repeatable research essential for comparative analysis; with an application of visual methods

2016:

Additional in-depth ethnographic multisite stationary research

Mobile (motorway) research: the fourth of four planned repeatable research essential for comparative analysis; with an application of visual methods (video and photo documentation)

Preparation for the realization ethnographic audioreportages. Carrying out the reportage workshop for students. Realization of audioreportages on the subjects emerged from in-depth research

Edition, postproduction and couching of carried out audioreportages

Working out multisite stationary in-depth research: evaluation, combined reports, comparative analysis. Dissemination, summing up and promotion of research project