Authors:

Regenerative sciences are poised to transform clinical practice. The quest for regenerative solutions has, however, exposed a major gap in current healthcare education. A call for evidence-based adoption has underscored the necessity to establish rigorous regenerative medicine educational programs early in training. Read More

Authors:

Aim: This study investigated the use of the autologous technology of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) as a human-based substitute to fetal bovine serum (FBS) in the culture of human dental pulp stem cells.

Aim: Reconstruction of bone defects with autologous grafts has certain disadvantages. The aim of this study is to introduce a new type of living bioreactor for engineering of bone flaps and to evaluate the effect of different barrier membranes.

Materials & Methods: Scaffolds loaded with bone morphogenetic proteins and bone marrow aspirate wrapped with either a collagen membrane or a periosteal flap were implanted in the greater omentum of miniature pigs. Read More

Methods: 30 participants with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis were randomized into three groups. Two treatment groups received intra-articular ADMSC therapy consisting of either a single injection (100 × 10 ADMSCs) or two injections (100 × 10 ADMSCs at baseline and 6 months). Read More

Materials & Methods: After chemotactic and releasing assessments, stromal cell-derived factor 1 and platelet-derived growth factor BB in copolymers were coated on the bone allograft (Allo). Allograft coated with copolymers alone (Allo), as controls, or Allo was implanted into the femur of athymic mice, which received intravenous injections of human MSCs or saline at weeks 1, 2 and 3. Read More

Aim: Variations in the clinical outcomes using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treatments exist, reflecting different origins and niches. To date, there is no consensus on the best source of MSCs most suitable to treat a specific disease.

Methods: Total transcriptome analysis of human MSCs was performed. Read More

Authors:

Unlike mammals, adult zebrafish can regenerate their hearts after injury via proliferation of cardiomyocytes. The cell-cycle entry of zebrafish cardiac cells can also be stimulated through preconditioning by thoracotomy, a chest incision without myocardial damage. To identify effector genes of heart preconditioning, we performed transcriptome analysis of ventricles from thoracotomized zebrafish. Read More

Authors:

Professor Jun Takahashi received his MD from Kyoto University in 1986 and his PhD in neurosurgery and neurobiology from Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine in 1993 (both Kyoto, Japan). He then did a postdoctoral fellowship at the Salk Institute (Dr Fred Gage's Laboratory, CA, USA) where he started research work on neural stem cells. Since returning to Kyoto University Hospital in 1997, he has been investigating functional neurosurgery including deep brain stimulation and cell-based therapies for Parkinson's disease. Read More

Pericytes and other perivascular stem/stromal cells are of growing interest in the field of tissue engineering. A portion of perivascular cells are well recognized to have MSC (mesenchymal stem cell) characteristics, including multipotentiality, self-renewal, immunoregulatory functions, and diverse roles in tissue repair. Here, we investigate the differential but overlapping roles of two perivascular cell subsets in paracrine induction of bone repair. Read More

Authors:

Investigations on developmental and regenerative myogenesis have led to major advances in decrypting stem cell properties and potential, as well as their interactions within the evolving niche. As a consequence, regenerative myogenesis has provided a forum to investigate intrinsic regulators of stem cell properties as well as extrinsic factors, including stromal cells, during normal growth and following injury and disease. Here we review some of the latest advances in the field that have exposed fundamental processes including regulation of stress following trauma and ageing, senescence, DNA damage control and modes of symmetric and asymmetric cell divisions. Read More

Disorganization of the transparent collagenous matrix in the cornea, as a consequence of a variety of infections and inflammatory conditions, leads to corneal opacity and sight-loss. Such corneal opacities are a leading cause of blindness, according to the WHO. Public health programs target prevention of corneal scarring, but the only curative treatment of established scarring is through transplantation. Read More

Aim: This study was aimed to investigate the effect of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-secreted factors on airway repair.

Materials & Methods: An indirect in vitro coculture model of injured airway epithelium explant with MSCs was developed. LC-MS/MS analysis was performed to determine factors secreted by MSCs and their involvement in epithelium repair was evaluated by histopathological assessment. Read More

Authors:

Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.

This short review examines the trends that have taken place during the last two decades in selecting delivery route and cell product in confirmatory preclinical stroke research. If there had been a major change, this might indicate a strategy with a high potential to enter early-phase clinical studies. The retrospective data show that intravenous cell delivery of mesenchymal stem cells remains the most popular approach in experimental research, clearly dominating early phase clinical studies. Read More

Aim: In recent years, the administration of stem cells has been considered a new option for treatment of urinary incontinence (UI). In the present study, the efficiency of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation in the treatment of UI was evaluated.

Results: In line with strategic diagrams, ADSC differentiation and transplantation as main undeveloped themes in 2003-2007 were partially replaced by regeneration medicine and ADSCs for myocardial infarction in 2008 to 2012, and then partially replaced by miRNAs in ADSC genetics and nerve regeneration in 2013 to 2017. Read More

Tissue engineered cartilage substitutes, which induce the process of endochondral ossification, represent a regenerative strategy for bone defect healing. Such constructs typically consist of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) forming a cartilage template in vitro, which can be implanted to stimulate bone formation in vivo. The use of MSCs of allogeneic origin could potentially improve the clinical utility of the tissue engineered cartilage constructs in three ways. Read More

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have the potential to transform medicine. However, hurdles remain to ensure safety for such cellular products. Science-based understanding of the requirements for source materials is required as are appropriate materials. Read More

Aim: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of autologous cell therapy manufacturing in xeno-free conditions.

Materials & Methods: Published data on the isolation and expansion of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells introduced donor, multipassage and culture media variability on cell yields and process times on adherent culture flasks to drive cost simulation of a scale-out campaign of 1000 doses of 75 million cells each in a 400 square meter Good Manufacturing Practices facility.

Results & Conclusion: Passage numbers in the expansion step are strongly associated with isolation cell yield and drive cost increases per donor of $1970 and 2802 for fetal bovine serum and human platelet lysate. Read More

Authors:

School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

The cellular events that contribute to tissue healing of non-sterile wounds to the skin and ischaemic injury to internal organs such as the heart share remarkable similarities despite the differences between these injury types and organs. In adult vertebrates, both injuries are characterised by a complex series of overlapping events involving multiple different cell types and cellular interactions. In adult mammals both tissue-healing processes ultimately lead to the permanent formation of a fibrotic, collagenous scar, which can have varying effects on tissue function depending on the site and magnitude of damage. Read More

Focal and degenerative lesions of articular cartilage greatly reduce the patient's quality of life. Various therapies including surgical treatment have been developed, but a definitive therapy is not yet known. Several cell therapy products have already been developed and are available in the market. Read More

Regenerative rehabilitation is the synergistic integration of principles and approaches from the regenerative medicine and rehabilitation fields, with the goal of optimizing form and function as well as patient independence. Regenerative medicine approaches for repairing or replacing damaged tissue or whole organs vary from utilizing cells (e.g. Read More

Authors:

1Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.

Despite the regenerative capacity of muscle, tissue volume is not restored after volumetric muscle loss (VML), perhaps due to a loss-of-structural extracellular matrix. We recently demonstrated the structural and functional restoration of muscle tissue in a mouse model of VML using an engineered "bioconstruct," comprising an extracellular matrix scaffold (decellularized muscle), muscle stem cells (MuSCs), and muscle-resident cells (MRCs). To test the ability of the cell-based bioconstruct to restore whole-muscle biomechanics, we measured biomechanical parameters in uninjured muscles, muscles injured to produce VML lesions, and in muscles that were injured and then treated by implanting either the scaffolds alone or with bioconstructs containing the scaffolds, MuSCs, and MRCs. Read More

Aim: The aim of the present study is to use human amniotic membrane (HAM) for in vitro chondrogenesis of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and umbilical cord-derived MSCs.

Materials & Methods: MSCs from the placenta and umbilical cord were isolated, characterized by immunophenotyping and after analyzing their rate of proliferation, cytotoxicity and viability, chondrogenesis was performed on plastic adherent surface and on HAM.

Results: Successfully isolated and characterized placenta-derived MSCs and umbilical cord-derived MSCs revealed positive expression of MSCs markers CD90, CD73, CD105 and CD49d, while they were negative for CD45. Read More

Authors:

RoosterBio, Inc. (MD, USA) is a privately held stem cell tools and technology company focused on accelerating the development of a sustainable regenerative medicine industry, one customer at a time. RoosterBio's products are high-volume and well-characterized adult human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) paired with highly engineered media systems. Read More

Aim: Scaffolds are a promising approach for spinal cord injury (SCI) treatment. FGF-2 is involved in tissue repair but is easily degradable and presents collateral effects in systemic administration. In order to address the stability issue and avoid the systemic effects, FGF-2 was encapsulated into core-shell microfibers by coaxial electrospinning and its in vitro and in vivo potential were studied. Read More

Authors:

The stem cell and regenerative medicine arena has become increasingly complicated in recent years with thousands of people involved. There are as many as a dozen or more main groups of stakeholders, who together may be viewed as one ecosystem that is now rapidly evolving. The nature of the ecosystem and its evolution have major implications for not just those within it, but also for medicine and society at large. Read More

Authors:

Aim: It would be clinically ideal to target astrocytes in vivo for conversion into oligodendrocyte lineage cells to reduce astrogliosis and generate new myelinating cells.

Materials & Methods: Here, we prepared a GFP-labeled human astrocyte cell line, treated with epigenetic modifiers trichostatin A or 5-azacytidine and transplanted them into cuprizone-induced demyelinated mice brains. The fate of the transplanted astrocytes was studied at days 7, 14 and 28 post-transplantation. Read More

Due to its chemoattraction potential on mesenchymal stromal cells of the CCL25/CCR9 axis, local application of CCL25 to severely damaged tissues may be a promising approach for regenerative therapies. Analysis of the given data revealed that CCL25/CCR9 signaling has a crucial role in regulation of an adult immune homeostasis. CCR9 expression variations resulted in dysfunctional immune response in colitis, rheumatoid arthritis and endometriosis. Read More

Aim: We created rat models of osteoporosis and verified a novel idea to recover bone mass via local cell transplantation.

Materials & Methods: The rats were treated with ovariectomy, 0.1% calcium diet or 3 mg/kg body weight/day of prednisolone and porcine-induced pluripotent stem cell (piPSC)-derived osteoblast-like cells were transplanted into the medullary cavity of the left femurs. Read More

Authors:

Wound-induced hair follicle neogenesis (WIHN) is a regenerative phenomenon that occurs widely in the skin of adult mammalians. A fully functional follicle can regenerate in the center of a full-thickness wound with a large enough size. The cellular origin of this process is similar to embryonic process. Read More

Authors:

Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.

Vascularization is essential for tissue regeneration. Despite extensive efforts in the past decades, sufficient and rapid vascularization remains a major challenge in tissue engineering. Many studies have shown that the addition of channels in a porous scaffold can provide the ability to promote cell growth and rapid vascularization, thus leading to better outcomes in new tissue formation. Read More

Authors:

Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, University of Salerno School of Medicine & Dentristry, Salerno, Italy.

The positive extensive clinical experience with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in different medical areas has prompted researchers to explore clinical opportunities for optimized PRP therapies. PRP is safe but we have to make it more effective. The growing diversity of formulations and presentations enrich the field of PRP research and offer hope to refine clinical indications. Read More

Muscle regeneration can be permanently impaired by traumatic injuries, despite the high regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle. Implantation of engineered biomimetic scaffolds to the site of muscle ablation may serve as an attractive off-the-shelf therapeutic approach. The objective of the study was to histologically assess the therapeutic benefit of a three-dimensional spatially patterned collagen scaffold, in conjunction with rehabilitative exercise, for treatment of volumetric muscle loss. Read More

This systematic review with a meta-analysis aimed to summarize the current evidence of the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to examine whether rehabilitation is an effect modifier of the effect estimate of MSC treatment. A literature search yielded 659 studies, of which 35 studies met the inclusion criteria ( = 2385 patients; mean age: 36.0-74. Read More

What are PubFacts Points?
PubFacts points are rewards to PubFacts members, which allow you to better promote your profile and articles throughout PubFacts.com

How do I earn PubFacts Points?
Each member is given 50 PubFacts points upon signing up. You can earn additional points by completing 100% of your profile, creating and participating in discussions, and sharing other members research.

What can I do with PubFacts Points?
Currently, you can use PubFacts Points to promote and increase readership of your articles.