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Objectives  Identify basic screening tests used in Women’s Health  Name common immunizations used in Women’s Health  Describe which tests are appropriate for you to ask your health care provider about

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Pap Smear  What: screening for cervical cancer or precancerous cells  Who: all women who have a cervix  No Pap test for women who have had a hysterectomy (for non- cancerous reason)  When:  Start at age 21 (regardless of sexual activity)  Every 3 years until age 30  Between 30-65, every 5 years IF also having an HPV test  Stop after age 65  How: Pelvic exam with a speculum, small swab of cervix

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Mammogram  What: breast cancer screening  Who: women age to 75  When: every other year  How: X ray of breasts done with a machine that compresses (squeezes) the breast flat between two plates

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DXA Scan  What: screening for osteoporosis (bone thinning)  Who: women over 65, or younger if you have risk factors  Smoking, Caucasian, thin, steroids, alcohol use, family history  When: Every 2-5 years, more often if you have osteoporosis  How: Lie down (fully dressed) on a DXA scanner

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Cholesterol Testing  What: screening for high cholesterol  Who: women age 20 to 65  When: every 5 years or less  Every 1-2 years if cholesterol is high  How: blood test – no longer need to be fasting

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Diabetes Testing  What: screening for diabetes (high blood sugar)  Who: all adult women with BMI > 25 and one or more risk factors  Family history, gestational diabetes, physical inactivity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, PCOS  When: Every year to 3 years  How: blood test – no longer have to be fasting

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Screening by Age  26 to 49 years  Screenings:  Pap (over age 30) every 5 years  HIV test at least once  Mammogram every other year over age 40  Cholesterol testing  Diabetes testing (if risk factors present)

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What Does She Need? Healthy 55 year old

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Screening by Age  50 to 75 years  Screenings:  Pap every 5 years  HIV test at least once  Mammogram every other year over age 40  Cholesterol testing  Diabetes testing (if risk factors present)  Colonoscopy at age 50 & every ten years

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Immunizations  Vaccines save 3 million lives each year around the globe  Prevent disease and permanent disability in many millions more  Widely seen as the single greatest contributor to public health in the last century