Heat transfers

Conduction and convection both need particles, whereas radiation which is also called infrared radiation and thermal radiation does not need particles.

Conduction happens when the particles are close together and vibrate to pass along the heat or electricity. This works better in a metal because they have free electrons which can quickly work up and down faster than the vibrations. This only works in solids.

Convection is where the hotter particles in a fluid which is something that flows ie a gas or liquid rise. They rise becasue when thay heat up they expand, making them less dense and therefore lighter.

Radiation is where everything emits and absorbs thermal radiation which travels in infrared waves and can travel through vacuums which are places with no particles.

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different forms of energy

the nmumonic is Most Kids Hate Learning GCSE Energy Names. Can you remember them?