Abstract:

A refill of a low viscosity water-based ink ballpoint pen is provided with
a housing, a pen tip attached to a front end of the housing, an ink tank
(4) formed inside the housing, an ink guide member guiding ink in the ink
tank (4) to the pen tip, and an air passage formed between the ink tank
and the pen tip in the housing and connecting the ink tank and outside of
the housing. The inside of the ink tank is divided by partition walls
(11) into a plurality of ink chambers arranged in the longitudinal
direction, and the ink guide member is used to guide the ink in these ink
chambers from the ink chambers close to the pen tip successively to the
pen tip. A substantially uniform clearance (13) is provided over the
entire circumferences between the outer circumferential surface of each
partition wall (11) and the inner circumferential surface of the ink tank
(4). A ring-shaped ink film formed at each clearance (13) is used to hold
the ink in each ink chamber. Air flows into the ink chamber through the
clearance (13).

Claims:

1. A writing implement provided witha housing,a pen tip attached to a
front end of the housing,an ink tank formed inside the housing,an ink
guide member guiding ink inside the ink tank to the pen tip, andan air
passage formed between the ink tank and the pen tip in the housing and
having one end connected to an end of the ink tank at the pen tip side
and another end connected to the outside of the housing, whereinthe
inside of the ink tank is divided by a partition wall into a plurality of
ink chambers arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the ink in these
ink chambers is guided from the ink chambers close to the pen tip
successively to the pen tip by the ink guide member,a substantially
uniform clearance is provided around the entire circumference between the
outer circumferential surface of each partition wall and the inner
circumferential surface of the ink tank, andthe ink is held inside the
ink chambers by a ring-shaped ink film formed in the clearance, while air
is made to flow into the ink chambers through the clearances.

2. A writing implement as set forth in claim 1, wherein the partition wall
is formed on an insertion member, said insertion member is inserted into
the ink tank so as to define ink chambers in the ink tank, and said
insertion member is provided with, at an intermediate position in the
longitudinal direction, support projections abutting against the inner
circumferential surface of the ink tank to support said insertion member.

3. A writing implement as set forth in claim 2, wherein a guide member
receiving hole passing through the partition wall and extending in the
longitudinal direction is formed in the insertion member, said guide
member receiving hole receives the ink guide member, and the wall surface
of said guide member receiving hole is provided with ink guide paths so
that ink in the ink chambers is led to the ink guide member through said
ink guide paths.

4. A writing implement as set forth in claim 1, wherein a collector is
arranged in the air passage, ink flowing out from the ink guide member
positioned in the air passage to the inside of the air passage is held by
said collector and said held ink is returned from said collector to the
ink guide member.

5. A writing implement as set forth in claim 4, wherein an ink holding
force of the collector is set so as to become smaller than an ink holding
force of a clearance formed between the outer circumferential surface of
the partition wall and the inner circumferential surface of the ink tank.

6. A writing implement as set forth in claim 5, wherein a minimum
clearance formed between the outer circumferential surface of the
collector and the inner circumferential surface of the housing is set
larger than the clearance formed between the outer circumferential
surface of the partition wall and the inner circumferential surface of
the ink tank.

7. A writing implement as set forth in claim 4, wherein an ink holding
force at a clearance formed between the outer circumferential surface of
the collector and the inner circumferential surface of the housing at the
part of the collector at the ink tank side is set smaller than an ink
holding force at a clearance formed between the outer circumferential
surface of the collector and the inner circumferential surface of the
housing at the other part of the collector.

8. A writing implement as set forth in claim 7, wherein a clearance formed
between the outer circumferential surface of the collector and the inner
circumferential surface of the housing at the part of the collector at
the ink tank side is set larger than a clearance formed between the outer
circumferential surface of the collector and the inner circumferential
surface of the housing at the other part of the collector.

9. A writing implement as set forth in claim 1, wherein the pen tip is
provided with a writing ball held at a pen tip member, an ink guide core
housed in the pen tip member and guiding ink from the ink guide member to
said writing ball, which ink guide core abuts against said writing ball
at its front end, and a biasing means biasing said ink guide core toward
the writing ball, wherein the biasing force of said biasing means causes
the ink guide core to make the writing ball closely contact an inner edge
of the pen tip member to form a seal, and wherein ink is able to flow out
from around the writing ball when the writing ball separates from the
inner edge.

10. A writing implement as set forth in claim 9, wherein the ink guide
core is comprised of an inside hard layer with a front end abutting
against the writing ball and an outside ink guiding layer guiding the
ink.

11. A writing implement as set forth in claim 10, wherein a step of a
shape complementary with a step formed at the outer circumferential
surface of the ink guide core is formed at the inner circumferential
surface of the pen tip member.

12. A writing implement as set forth in claim 1, wherein the ink is
comprised of a water-based ink with a viscosity of 10 Pas or less.

Description:

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001]The present invention relates to a writing implement.

BACKGROUND ART

[0002]Known in the art is a writing implement provided with a housing, a
pen tip attached to a front end of the housing, an ink tank formed inside
the housing, an ink guide member guiding ink in the ink tank to the pen
tip, and an air passage formed between the ink tank and the pen tip in
the housing and having one end connected to an end of the ink tank at the
pen tip side and another end connected to the outside of the housing.

[0003]In this writing implement, air flows into the ink tank for the
amount of consumed ink. However, if the air in this ink tank expands due
to a change in the ambient air pressure or temperature etc., the ink in
the ink tank is liable to be pushed out by the air from the ink tank and
to flow out through the pen tip or air passage to the outside of the
writing implement.

[0004]Thus, there is known a writing implement dividing the inside of the
ink tank by partition walls into a plurality of ink chambers arranged in
the longitudinal direction, arranging an ink guide member so as to extend
inside a through hole formed at the center of the partition walls, using
the ink guide member to guide the ink in these ink chambers from the ink
chambers at the pen tip side successively to the pen tip, using an ink
film formed in a ring-shaped clearance between the outer circumferential
surface of ink guide member and the inner circumferential surface of the
through hole to hold the ink in the ink chambers, and making air flow
into the ink chambers through this clearance (see Japanese Patent No.
3436728, FIG. 1 etc.). By doing this, roughly speaking, the air flowing
into the ink tank is separated from the ink and is communicated through
the air passage to the outside of the housing. Therefore, even if the air
in the ink tank expands, the ink in the ink tank is kept from being
pushed out by the air to the outside of the ink tank.

[0005]In the writing implement described in Japanese Patent No. 3436728,
the ink guide member is comprised of a bundle of fibers formed by
bundling together a large number of fibers and is held at its two ends at
the housing. In this case, the ink guide member itself is low in
strength, so in practice it is extremely difficult to form a uniform
clearance between the outer circumferential surface of the ink guide
member and the inner circumferential surface of the through hole.

[0006]Therefore, in practice, the clearance between the outer
circumferential surface of the ink guide member and the inner
circumferential surface of the through hole becomes uneven in the
circumferential direction. That is, there are portions where the
clearance is large and portions where it is small. However, while
explained in detail later, at the portions where the clearance is large,
the ink holding force of the ink film becomes smaller and therefore the
ink is liable not to be able to be reliably held in the ink chambers.

[0007]In this case, if providing a cutaway part in the outer
circumferential surface of the partition wall and using the ink film
formed at this cutaway part to hold the ink in the ink chamber and making
air flow through this cutaway part to the inside of the ink chamber, it
is considered that this problem can be solved (see Japanese Patent No.
3436728, FIG. 19 to FIG. 21 and Japanese Patent Publication (A) No.
62-220400, FIG. 1).

[0008]In this regard, when providing a cutaway part in the outer
circumferential surface of the partition wall, in the state with the
writing implement tilted with respect to the vertical line, the position
of the cutaway part, that is, the ink film, with respect to the
longitudinal axis of the writing implement will change at each instance.
That is, there will be cases where the ink film is positioned above the
longitudinal axis of the writing implement and cases where it is
positioned below it.

[0009]However, the behavior of the air passing through the ink film and
flowing into the ink chambers can change in accordance with the position
of the ink film with respect to the longitudinal axis of the writing
implement. That is, the behavior of the air flowing into the ink chambers
is liable to differ between the case where the ink film is positioned
above the longitudinal axis of the writing implement and the case where
it is positioned below it. This means that the behavior of the air in the
ink tank is unstable.

[0010]Note that in the writing implement of Japanese Patent Publication
(A) No. 62-220400, a ring-shaped clearance (33) is formed between the
outer circumferential surface of each partition wall and the inner
circumferential surface of the ink tank, but since the cutaway part (36)
is formed, no ring-shaped ink film is formed.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0011]Thus an object of the present invention is to provide a writing
implement able to stabilize the behavior of the air inside the ink tank.

[0012]According to the present invention, there is provided a writing
implement provided with a housing, a pen tip attached to a front end of
the housing, an ink tank formed inside the housing, an ink guide member
guiding ink inside the ink tank to the pen tip, and an air passage formed
between the ink tank and the pen tip in the housing and having one end
connected to an end of the ink tank at the pen tip side and another end
connected to the outside of the housing, wherein the inside of the ink
tank is divided by a partition wall into a plurality of ink chambers
arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the ink in these ink chambers
is guided from the ink chambers close to the pen tip successively to the
pen tip by the ink guide member, a substantially uniform clearance is
provided around the entire circumference between the outer
circumferential surface of each partition wall and the inner
circumferential surface of the ink tank, and the ink is held inside the
ink chambers by a ring-shaped ink film formed in the clearance, while air
is made to flow into the ink chambers through the clearances.

[0022]FIGS. 10A and 10B are partial enlarged views of a front end of a pen
tip, and

[0023]FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an ink guide core.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0024]FIG. 1 shows the case of application of the present invention to a
refill of a ballpoint pen.

[0025]Referring to FIG. 1, 1 designates a refill used inserted in a
ballpoint pen body (not shown), 2 designates a housing, 3 designates a
pen tip attached to a front end of the housing 2, 4 designates an ink
tank formed inside the housing 2 and filled with a liquid ink, 5
designates an ink guide member guiding ink in the ink tank 4 to the pen
tip 3, 6 designates an air passage formed between the ink tank 4 and the
pen tip 3 in the housing 2 and communicating the inside of the ink tank 4
and the outside of the housing 2, and 7 designates a collector arranged
inside the air passage 6. The ink guide member 5 is for example comprised
of a porous fiber body formed by bundling synthetic fibers and having
pores continuing in the longitudinal direction. Here, in an embodiment
according to the present invention, the ink is comprised of a water-based
ink with a low viscosity, that is, a viscosity of for example 10 Pas or
less.

[0026]First, the ink tank 4 will be explained.

[0027]Inside the ink tank 4, an insertion member 8 shown in FIG. 2 is
inserted. The insertion member 8 is formed for example from a plastic
and, as shown in FIG. 2, is provided with a cylindrical part 9, a pair of
end walls 10, and at least one, for example, a plurality of, partition
walls 11 arranged between these end walls 10 separated in the
longitudinal direction. When this insertion member 8 is inserted into the
ink tank 4, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, each adjoining pair of
partition walls 11 or a partition wall 11 and end wall 10, the outer
circumferential surface of the cylindrical part 9, and the inner
circumferential surface of the housing 2 define ring-shaped ink chambers
12 in the ink tank 4. That is, the inside of the ink tank 4 is divided by
the partition walls 11 into a plurality of ink chambers 12 arranged in
the longitudinal direction.

[0028]As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a ring-shaped clearance 13 is
provided between the outer circumferential surface of each partition wall
11 and the inner circumferential surface of the housing 2 or the ink tank
4. In this case, the outer circumferential surface of the partition wall
11 and the inner circumferential surface of the ink tank 4 are not
provided with any cutaway parts or projections, therefore, the clearance
13 becomes substantially even around the entire circumference of the
partition wall 11.

[0029]Furthermore, referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5, a guide member
receiving hole 14 extends passing through a cylindrical part 9. This
guide member receiving hole 14 receives the ink guide member 5 therein.
Further, the cylindrical member 9 is formed with ink guide paths 15
communicating the ink chambers 12 and the inside of the guide member
receiving hole 14. Ink in the ink chambers 12 reach the ink guide member
5 through these ink guide paths 15. Note that in the embodiment according
to the present invention, the ink guide paths 15 are comprised of slits
of a slight width, but may also be other shapes.

[0030]Further, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 5, support projections
16 projecting outward in the radial direction are formed at intermediate
positions of the insertion member 8 in the longitudinal direction, that
is, between the pair of end walls 10. These support projections 16 abut
against the inner circumferential surface of the ink tank 4 to support
the insertion member 8 when the insertion member 8 is inserted into the
ink tank 4. By doing this, even if the insertion member 8 is warped, the
clearance 13 can be maintained substantially constant. Furthermore, as
shown in FIG. 5, communicating paths 17 are formed between the support
projections 16. Ink can flow through these communicating paths 17. Note
that in the embodiment according to the present invention, the support
projections 16 are provided at two locations, but one location is enough.

[0031]As shown in FIG. 3 particularly, a clearance 18 is formed between
the outer circumferential surface of the end wall 10 at the pen tip 3
side and the inner circumferential surface of the housing 2. Further, a
cutaway part 19 is formed at the outer circumferential surface of this
end wall 10. Therefore, the air passage 6 is connected to the inside of
the ink tank 4 through these clearance 18 and cutaway part 19.

[0032]FIG. 6A shows ink chambers 12 at the time when the refill 1 is not
yet used. In this embodiment according to the present invention, the ink
chamber 12a adjoining the air passage 6 is not filled with ink.
Therefore, the ink chamber 12a is filled with air. As opposed to this,
the ink chambers 12b, 12c, etc. above or behind the ink chamber 12a are
filled with ink.

[0033]In this case, at the clearance 13a formed around the partition wall
11a between the ink chamber 12a and the ink chamber 12b, capillary force
causes the formation of a ring-shaped ink film or meniscus Fa, whereby
the ink is held inside the ink chamber 12b.

[0034]When ink is consumed from the pen tip 3, the ink in the ink chamber
12b close to the pen tip 3 is guided to the ink guide member 5 and the
amount of ink in the ink chamber 12b is gradually reduced. In this case,
air passes through the ink film Fa and flows into the ink chamber 12b by
the amount of ink flowing out from the ink chamber 12b. In this case, the
ink film Fa is substantially even around the entire circumference of the
partition wall 11a, so regardless of the position of the refill 1, a
certain behavior of the air can be obtained.

[0035]When the ink in the ink chamber 12b is substantially entirely
consumed, as shown in FIG. 6B, the ring-shaped ink film Fb formed at the
clearance 13b around the partition wall 11b holds the ink in the ink
chamber 12c. Air passes through the ink film Fb and flows into the ink
chamber 12c. At this time, the inside of the ink chamber 12b is filled
with air.

[0036]In this way, as the ink is consumed, ink is guided to the ink guide
member 5 and consumed successively from the ink chambers 12 close to the
pen tip 3. As a result, the ink chambers 12 close to the pen tip 3 are
successively filled with air and the ink film successively moves to the
rear end.

[0037]As explained at the start, when the ambient air pressure or
temperature etc. changes, the air inside the ink chambers 12 expands or
contracts. When the air expands, the air flows out through the clearances
13 around the partition walls 11 and clearance 18 and cutaway part 19
around the end wall 10 to the inside of the air passage 6. At this time,
ink is almost never pushed out into the air passage 6. Further, even when
the air contracts, air flows through the clearances 13 etc. from the air
passage 6 to the ink chambers 12 and has no effect on the ink in the ink
chambers 12.

[0038]Note that if the ink holding force at a clearance 13, that is, the
strength of the ink film, is too strong, it will become difficult for air
to flow into the ink chamber 12 and it will become difficult for ink to
be discharged from the pen tip 3. On the other hand, if the strength of
the ink film is too weak, it will become difficult for the ink head to
hold the ink in the ink chambers 12. Therefore, the strength of the ink
film must be suitably adjusted. In this case, for example by adjusting
the size of the clearance 13 or the thickness of the partition wall 11,
the strength of the ink film can be adjusted. The optimum values of the
size of the clearance 13 and the thickness of the partition wall 11
depend on the viscosity of the ink and the wettability with respect to
the partition wall 11 and housing 2 and cannot be said to be of any
extent overall. However, the clearance 13 for example can be set to tens
to hundreds of micrometers, while the thickness of the partition wall 11
for example can be set to hundreds to thousands of micrometers. Note that
the interval between the partition walls 11 is set so that almost no
capillary force acts between these partition walls 11.

[0039]Next, the collector 7 and the air passage 6 will be explained.

[0040]The collector 7 is for holding the ink flowing out from the ink
guide core 5 into the air passage 6 and returning the held ink to the ink
guide core 5 to thereby prevent the ink from flowing out through the air
passage 6 to the outside of the housing 2. Again referring to FIG. 3, the
collector 7 has a plurality of ring-shaped grooves 20 arranged in the
longitudinal direction, a slit 21 cutting across the ring-shaped grooves
20 and extending in the longitudinal direction, and a through hole 22
running through the collector 7. Inside this through hole 22, the ink
guide member 5 extends. Further, when the collector 7 is attached inside
the housing 2, a ring-shaped clearance 23 is formed between the outer
circumferential surface of the collector 7 and the inner circumferential
surface of the housing 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the clearance 23 is set
large at the part of the collector 7 at the ink tank side, while the
clearance 23 is set small at the other part 7t at the pen tip side. Note
that in the embodiment according to the present invention, the collector
7 is arranged separated from the end wall 10 of the insertion member 8 or
ink tank 4 in the longitudinal direction. The air passage 6 between the
insertion member 8 and the collector 7 will be referred to as the ink
outflow chamber 24, hereinafter.

[0041]Further, as shown in FIG. 7, at the rear end 7a of the collector 7
facing the ink outflow chamber 24, a projection 7b and a recess 7c formed
at the opposite side from the slit 21 are formed. When forming the
projection 7b and recess 7c in this way, corners 7d are formed. A
capillary force occurs at such corners 7d, so ink reaching the rear end
7a of the collector 7 flows along the corners 7d.

[0042]Furthermore, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 8, at the front end of the
housing 2, a fastener 25 is attached. The front end of the collector 7 is
held by this fastener 25. Inside the housing 2 adjoining the fastener 25,
a constricted passage forming member 26 such as shown in FIG. 9 is
arranged. At the outer circumferential surface of this constricted
passage forming member 26, a groove 27 extending in a zigzag shape is
formed. When the constricted passage forming member 26 is attached inside
the housing 2, the groove 27 and the inner circumferential surface of the
housing 2 form a constricted passage 28 for the air. On the other hand, a
slight clearance 29 is formed between the outer circumferential surface
of the fastener 25 and the inner circumferential surface of the housing
2. Therefore, the air passage 6 is connected to the outside of the
housing 2 through the constricted passage 28 and the clearance 29. Note
that the ink guide member 5 extends through the inside of the through
hole 30 running through the fastener 25.

[0043]Now, if the inside pressure of the ink chambers 12 filled with ink
rises for some sort of reason, ink will flow out from the ink guide
member 5 into the ink outflow chamber 24. In this case, the ink proceeds
along the corners 7d at the rear end 7a of the collector, then reaches
the slit 21, then is held inside the ring-shaped grooves 20 or inside the
clearance 23 by capillary force. As a result, ink is prevented from
flowing out to the outside of the housing 2. On the other hand, if the
ink is consumed at the pen tip 3 or the pressure inside the ink chambers
12 filled with ink falls, the ink which was held in the ring-shaped
grooves 20 or in the clearance 23 returns through the slit 21 and corners
7d to the ink guide member 5. Therefore, the inside of the collector 7 is
prevented from being saturated with ink.

[0044]In this way, an ink holding force is generated in the collector 7.
In this regard, if the ink holding force of the collector 7 is larger
than the ink holding force of the clearances 13 around the partition
walls 11 of the ink tank 4, the ink in the ink chambers 12 is liable to
travel via the ink guide member 5 and ink outflow chamber 24 to reach the
collector 7 and the collector 7 is liable to become saturated. Therefore,
in this embodiment according to the present invention, the ink holding
force of the collector 7 is set to become smaller than the ink holding
force of the clearance 13. Specifically, the ink holding force generated
at the clearance 23 around the part 7t of the collector 7 at the pen tip
side is believed to be the greatest among the ink holding forces
generated at the collector 7, so the clearance 23 around the part 7t at
the pen tip side is set to be larger than the clearances 13 around the
partition walls 11. That is, speaking in general terms, the smallest
clearance 23 formed around the collector 7 is set larger than the
clearances 13 around the partition walls 11.

[0045]On the other hand, as explained above, the clearance 23 around the
part 7i of the collector 7 at the ink tank side is set larger than the
clearance 23 around the part 7t at the pen tip side. This is done for the
following reason. That is, when the air in the ink tank 4 expands, the
air in the ink tank 4 flows out through the clearance 18 and cutaway part
19 around the end wall 10 into the ink outflow chamber 24. At this time,
if the ink holding force of the clearance 23 around the part 7i at the
ink tank side is strong and a strong ink film is formed at the clearance
23, the flow of air from the ink outflow chamber 24 to the clearance 23
will be obstructed by this strong ink film, so it will become hard for
the air in the ink tank 4 to flow out into the ink outflow chamber 24 and
the pressure inside the ink tank 4 is liable to rise. Therefore, in this
embodiment according to the present invention, the clearance 23 around
the part 7i at the ink tank side is set large so as to set the ink
holding force at this position small. As a result, it becomes hard for an
ink film to be formed at the clearance 23 around the part 7i at the ink
tank side or a weak ink film will be formed.

[0046]Here, at the collector 7, as explained above, an ink holding force
can be formed not only at the clearance 23, but also at the ring-shaped
grooves 20. However, the problem here becomes the ink holding force of
the clearance 23, not the ink holding force of the ring-shaped grooves
20. This is because the object is to obtain a good air flow in the
clearance 23. Various ways may be considered for setting the ink holding
force of the ring-shaped grooves 20, but for example it is also possible
to set the ink holding force of the ring-shaped grooves 20 at the part of
the collector 7 close to the ink tank 4 larger than the ink holding force
at the part of the collector 7 far from the ink tank 4.

[0047]Note that if making the clearance 23 larger, the volume of the
ring-shaped grooves 20 becomes smaller and the amount of ink which the
collector 7 can hold becomes smaller. However, in this embodiment
according to the present invention, very little ink flows out from the
ink tank 4 to the inside of the air passage 6, therefore there is no
problem even if the amount of ink which the collector 7 can hold is
reduced. In some cases, the collector 7 may even be omitted.

[0048]Next, the pen tip 3 will be explained.

[0049]Referring to FIG. 8, the pen tip 3 is provided with a pen tip holder
31 attached to the fastener 25 and a pen tip member 32 attached to the
pen tip holder 31. The pen tip holder 31 is for example formed from a
plastic, while the pen tip member 32 is for example formed from a metal.
These pen tip holder 31 and pen tip member 32 are formed with a through
hole 33 running through the pen tip holder 31 and pen tip member 32. At
the pen tip member 32 at the front opening of this through hole 33, a
writing ball 34 is held to be able to rotate and to be able to move in
the longitudinal direction. Further, inside the through hole 33, the ink
guide core 35 is housed to be able to move in the longitudinal direction.
The front end of the ink guide core 35 abuts against the writing ball 34,
and the rear end thereof is held in a recess formed at the front end of
the ink guide member 5. By doing this, ink from the ink guide member 5 is
guided through the ink guide core 35 to the writing ball 34. Note that so
long as ink is guided, the front end of the ink guide member 5 and the
rear end of the ink guide core 35 need not abut against each other.

[0050]Further, a tension spring 36 is arranged between the ink guide core
35 and the pen tip holder 31. This tension spring 36 is used so that the
ink guide core 34 is biased toward the writing ball 33. As a result, as
shown in FIG. 10A, due to the biasing force of the tension spring 36, the
writing ball 34 closely contacts the inner edge 37 formed at the pen tip
member 32 whereby a seal is formed.

[0051]By doing this, for example when not writing, it is possible to
prevent ink from flowing from around the writing ball 34 to the outside
due to expansion of air in the ink tank 4. Further, when not writing, it
is possible to prevent ink from evaporating from around the writing ball
34 and air from flowing back from around the writing ball 34. In the
past, for example, the front end of the pen tip 3 was inserted into a
recess formed in a cap so as to prevent ink from flowing to the outside
from around the writing ball when not writing. However, in this
embodiment according to the present invention, such a cap is not
required, therefore it is possible to apply the refill 1 to a knock type
ballpoint pen.

[0052]As opposed to this, as shown in FIG. 10B, for example, at the time
of writing, if the writing ball 34 is separated from the inner edge 37
against the biasing force of the tension spring 36, ink can flow to the
outside from around the writing ball 34.

[0053]Furthermore, in an embodiment according to the present invention, as
shown in FIG. 11, the ink guide core 35 forms a double layer structure of
an inside hard layer 38 and an outside guide layer 39. The inside hard
layer 38 is formed harder than the outside guide layer 39, and the front
end thereof abuts against the writing ball 34. In this case, the inside
hard layer 38 is for example comprised of monofilaments of an extruded
plastic. On the other hand, the outside guide layer 39 is comprised of a
porous filament body having pores continuing in the longitudinal
direction formed by bundling synthetic fibers.

[0054]That is, if making the ink guide core 35 from just a porous filament
body, the strength of the ink guide core 35 will fall and, if the writing
ball 34 is repeatedly pushed against the ball seal 36, the ink guide core
35 is liable to deform or be worn. On the other hand, if making the ink
guide core 35 from just plastic monofilaments, it becomes difficult to
reliably guide ink to the writing ball 34. Thus, in this embodiment
according to the present invention, the ink guide core is made a double
layer structure so as to secure durability of the ink guide core 35 and
enable ink to be reliably guided to the writing ball 34. Note that the
ink guide core 35 may also be a single layer or three or more layers.

[0055]Furthermore, the front end of the ink guide core 35 abutting against
the writing ball 34, that is, the front end face of the inside hard layer
38, is made flat. By doing this, along with the inside hard layer 38
abutting against the substantial center of the writing ball 34, the
writing ball 34 can be biased substantially evenly.

[0056]Further, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the inner circumferential
surface of the pen tip member 32 is formed with a step 41 of a shape
complementary to a step 40 formed at the outer circumferential surface of
the ink guide core 35. The ink guide core 35 can move inside the through
hole 33, so for example if excessive impact acts on the pen tip member
32, the ink guide core 35 is liable to excessively vibrate and as a
result air bubbles are liable to form in the ink around the ink guide
core 35. If air bubbles form in this way, the ink will no longer be
discharged well. Thus, in this embodiment according to the present
invention, a step 41 complementary with the step 40 of the ink guide core
35 is formed at the pen tip member 32 so that the clearance between the
outer circumferential surface of the ink guide core 35 and the inner
circumferential surface of the pen tip member 32 becomes small. This is
because if this clearance becomes small, air bubbles become harder to
form.

[0057]Up to here, the case of application of present invention to a refill
of a ballpoint pen is explained. However, the present invention can also
be applied to a ballpoint pen itself, a fountain pen, a felt tip pen,
etc. When applying the present invention to a ballpoint pen itself, the
above housing 2 of the refill 1 forms the housing of the ballpoint pen
body.