Monday, December 22, 2014

During the past few years, China has experienced days with extremely poor air quality. Many of these days had high particulate counts which are considered unhealthy for the general population. As one of the ways to reduce the level of these dangerous particulates, the government is asking cities and provinces to encourage citizens to return to bicycling for "green transportation". Cities from the largest to the smallest are encouraged to institute or enlarge bike-sharing services. During 2014, thousands and thousands of bicycles have been added to the streets in China; in this year alone, 70 new bike-sharing programs began operating throughout all of the country. I closely monitor Bike-sharing in China for The Bike-sharing World Map, a service of this blog. The data was also vetted by Professor TANG Yang of Zhejiang University and one of his Masters students, FEI Yibo.Some basic numbers from The Bike-sharing World Map:

There are 235 cities or districts with operating bike-sharing programs in China. They comprise approximately 747,400 bicycles in 28,000 stations.The cities and districts with the largest programs comprising 10,000 or more bikes are:

City

Date Launched

Bikes

Stations

Hangzhou,
Zhejiang 杭州

2008

78,000

2,965

Taiyuan, Shanxi 山西太原

2012

41,000

1,262

Suzhou, Jiangsu 苏州

2010

22,940

976

Weifang, Shandong 潍坊

2012

20,000

700

Xi'an, Shaanxi 西安

2011

20,000

900

Zhuzhou, Hunan 株洲

2011

20,000

1,005

Shanghai (Minhang
District) 上海闵行

2012

19,165

596

Xuzhou, Jiangsu 徐州

2012

18,000

480

Beijing (Unified Districts) 北京总

2012

16,000

508

Ningbo, Zhejiang, 宁波

2013

15,000

600

Taizhou City
(Jiaojiang District) Zhejiang

2010

13,000

200

Wuhu, Anhui 芜湖

2012

12,000

553

Foshan Chancheng,
Guangdong 佛山-禅城

2010

11,694

208

Zhongshan,
Guangdong 中山

2010

11,180

527

Qingzhou, Weifang,
Shandong, 潍坊青州

2010

10,300

550

Changshu, Suzhou,
Jiangsu 常熟

2011

10,000

355

Huizhou, Guangdong 广东惠州

2012

10,000

100

Kunshan,Suzhou,
Jiangsu, 昆明

2012

10,000

343

Ninghai. Zhejiang 宁海

2010

10,000

85

Yangzhou, Jiangsu 扬州

2014

10,000

304

Yiwu, Jinhua,
Zhejiang 义乌

2013

10,000

200

Conspicuously missing from this list is the City of Wuhan in the Hubai Province. Over the last few years, Wuhan had purportedly claimed the largest bike-share program in the world. Reports of close to 100,000 bikes in the program were widely circulated on the Internet.In April of this year the city government closed down the program, which began in 2009, because of mismanagement and non-fulfillment of service according to China Hubei News and FDC.com. Most stations had no bikes and the bikes that could be found were not fit to be ridden. The Wuhan Public Bus Company was to take over the program with the intent of starting anew, but it has now backed out. The Wuhan City government is considering other options to bring back bike-share.

Desolate abandoned bike-share station in Wuhan, December 2014

In China, most programs throughout the country use a value-added RFID card to access the systems. Generally, the card must be acquired in person with proof of residency or foreign passport. The cards range in price, but most cities charge a refundable ¥200 RMB ($32 US) deposit and require an additional loaded amount on the card of ¥100 RMB ($16 US). The loaded amount is used to offset the overage charges, generally ¥1 RMB ($0.16 US) per hour, incurred over the one or two hours of initial use commonly given at no extra charge.

Below is a full list of Chinese operating programs in both cities and districts arranged in alphabetical order:

In Barcelona, morning brings electric or more precisely, BiCiNg elèctric! Last week 150 pedelecs, electric-assist bicycles, were added to the venerableBicing fleet. The pedelecs have their own special battery recharging docking stations, 5 are on the street and 18 are positioned in parking garages. In January 2015, BiCiNg elèctric will double in size to 300 pedelecs in 46 stations.

The new pedelecs cannot be commingled with the 5,300 regular bicings in the 395 stations currently in operation in Barcelona. Not only do they need the electric charge, but they also have a separate membership charge. The annual fee will cost €14 ($17 US). It can be purchased separately or as a supplement to the regular bicing membership. A usage fee of €0.45 for the first 30 minutes begins when the bike is taken out. Each additional 30 minutes, to a maximum of 2 hours, cost €0.80.With BicMAD in Madrid and now BiCiNg elèctric in Barcelona, Spain's bike-sharing is moving into an electric 21st century!UNITED KINGDOM: London:Barclays Cycle Hire is tweaking its rates for 2015. TfL, Transport for London, will introduce new "simplified" pricing next month where all overage charges will be £2 ($3.10 US) per 30 minutes. There will no longer be escalating charges for additional half hours. All additional half hours will be the same price.IRELAND:Three new Irish cities joined Dublin with bike-sharing this month: Cork, Galway and Limerick (bikeshare.ie). All share the same the same sponsor as Dublin, Coca-Cola Zero.Bike-sharing is getting sweet on the Emerald Isle, but with no added sugar!images: China: The Bike-sharing Blog, Wuhan: People.cn Barcelona: Bici-vici, ecomovilidad, bicing

Keep in touch with The Bike-sharing World with The Bike-sharing World Map. It is the premiere resource for information on cities with bike-sharing programs and the complement to The Bike-sharing Blog. Use this easy web address for viewing the map: