2. JA's letter to the President of Congress, 5 Feb. 1783, was a protest over the unexplained
revocation in July 1781 of JA's commission to negotiate a treaty of commerce with Great Britain, together with
a strong plea for the appointment { 143 } of an American minister to London in order to perform this and other tasks (LbC, Adams Papers; Wharton, ed., Dipl. Corr. Amer. Rev., 6:242–247). On 1 May a committee of Congress of which Alexander Hamilton was chairman
brought in a report on JA's letter which led to the foregoing vote ( JCC, 24:320–321). For James Madison's sarcastic observations on JA's letter see his letter to Jefferson, 6 May (Jefferson, Papers, ed. Boyd, 6:265). Secretary Livingston resigned early in June before carrying out Congress'
order of 1 May; new instructions were not agreed upon until 29 Oct., and then in terms
that omitted Great Britain (JCC, 25:753–757). No commissions were issued under this order, and the new arrangement
of the United States foreign service was not settled until the following May; see
note 1 on JA's Diary entry of 22 June 1784, below.