Take-Aways * From the HBCU Campus Dialogue

*Convened by the National Council on Patient Information and Education
(NCPIE), supported by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
Administration (SAMHSA).
YOUR PRESENTERS
 W. Ray Bullman, Executive Vice-President,
National Council on Patient Information
and Education
 Ayana Evans, Howard University
Undergraduate Student
 Ashley Washington, Howard University
Doctor of Pharmacy Candidate
HBCU CAMPUS DIALOGUE ON
PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE, TREATMENT
& RECOVERY
GOAL
Two-day meeting to begin understanding how
prescription drug abuse impacts students attending
HBCUs.
WHY HBCUs?
 A research agenda that is screaming for attention.
 Little information about the incidence of prescription
drug abuse among communities of color and most
particularly among students from HBCUs.
 Issue is hidden from view.
HBCU CAMPUS DIALOGUE
Over 40 attendees converged on the Howard
University Campus – Friday-Saturday, March 28-29,
2014, representing

Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD

Trinity University, Washington, DC

University of DC, Washington, DC

University of MD Eastern Shore, Princes Anne, MD

University of MD College Park, MD

Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Administration

Area non-profits
ABOUT HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES
AND UNIVERSITIES (HBCU)



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HBCU’s – a long historical legacy, founded after the Civil War.
Located mostly in the southeastern portion of the US.
Have graduated individuals such as Martin Luther King, W.E.B.
DuBois and Booker T. Washington – to name a few.
Today there are 100 HBCUs – representing just 3% of institutions of
higher learning.
Approximately 9% of all African American college students attend
HBCUs.
HBCUs graduate nearly 20% percent of African Americans who earn
undergraduate degrees and more than 50% of African American
professionals and public school teachers.
While HBCUs were created to support African American students ,
today they attract a significant percentage of non-African American
students – Asian, Hispanic,-Latino, International and Caucasian.
WHAT WE KNOW – THE BIG PICTURE
…nonmedical use of any prescription-type pain
relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants or sedatives.
According to the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use
and Health (NSDUH):
 There were about 2.4 million people, aged 12 or older who
used psychotherapeutics nonmedically for the first time
within the past year, which averages to about 6,700 initiates
per day.
 The average age at first nonmedical use of any
psychotherapeutics among recent people, aged 12 to 49 was
22.9 years – implying that we need to reach young people
before they start using.
 The rate of current nonmedical use of psychotherapeutic
drugs among young adults aged 18-25 was 5.3% - similar to
the rates in 2010 and 2011.
WHAT WE KNOW – SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG
PEOPLE-OF-COLOR
Points to…
Substance use rates are generally lower
among Black adolescents than national
rates for adolescents.
HOWEVER, the recent increases in
marijuana use and in the nonmedical use
of prescription-type drugs among black
adolescents highlight the need for
treatment programs and prevention
strategies that target Black adolescents.
NSDUH Report: Substance Use among Black
Adolescents; October 4, 2011
A need for more information and education
among Black, college-aged young people.
AGE OF FIRST-USE
Points to…
Data indicate that people of color
start using drugs before the age of
25.
The NSDUH Report: Substance Use among
Black Adolescents; October 4, 2011,
http://www.samhsa.gov/data/2k11/WEB_SR_
004/WEB_SR_004.htm
The need for efforts to prevent,
delay, or reduce drug use
particularly strategies that target the
critical period of late adolescence,
having long-term implications for
improvements in behavioral and
physical health, education, and
employment outcomes among this
population.
RX ABUSE AMONG BLACK ADOLESCENTS
Points to…
Nonmedical use of prescription type
drugs among Black adolescents was
relatively stable from 2002 to 2007.
After a drop to 2.1% in 2008, the rate
of nonmedical use of prescription drugs
among black adolescents rose to 3.5 %
in 2009, the difference between the
rate in 2009 and 2010 was not
statistically significant.
The NSDUH Report: Substance Use among
Black Adolescents; October 4, 2011,
http://www.samhsa.gov/data/2k11/WEB_S
R_004/WEB_SR_004.htm
The fact that prescription drug abuse
among Black adolescents rose in 2009
and has remained stable indicates the
need to raise awareness about this issue
and ultimately to bring it into the light.
HBCU CAMPUS DIALOGUE
OBJECTIVE
Participants were tasked with crafting
prevention and intervention paradigms
that could resonate within a university
environment.
FORMAT

Day 1: Faculty and Staff

Day 2: Undergraduate and Graduate
Students
DIALOGUE FINDINGS
CYCLE OF INFLUENCE
TRANSFORMING THE CYCLE OF INFLUENCE
INTO HOPE
“We need to push for
transparency so we can work on
mutual interests. There’s a lack of
organization [about prescription
drug abuse and related issues] on
campus – is there some way to
come together and address these
challenges?”
Day Two, Student Participant
HBCU Campus Dialogue on Prescription
Drug Abuse
1. Identify system challenges.
2. Shift the viewpoint.
3. Articulate provocative
possibilities – what would
change look like in five years or
ten years?
4. Identify strategies to get there.
5. Create prototypes at the micro
level.
6. Exploit conditions to viralize
change.
AGENTS FOR CHANGE
NORMS…
SELECTED ACTIONS
CHALLENGES
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No meaningful responses to
address this problem other
than punitive actions.
RAs, who are ideally
positioned to help students
with the transition to college,
aren’t prepared.
Freshmen orientation is
essentially useless for
addressing Rx abuse issues.
No one knows how to talk
about their problems until the
problems reach crisis
proportions.

Include prescription drug abuse
prevention as part of a university’s
course offerings.
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Create freshmen orientation programs
that are meaningful and engaging.
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Engage the community’s cultural
brokers as spokespersons.

Reconnect with tradition.

Dedicate money for research: In
addition to spending funds on testing
medications, expand the research to
include testing alternative medicines.
INSTITUTIONAL BIAS
CHALLENGES

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Faculty and staff put on blinders
regarding the stress that students
experience.
There is a lot of red tape and
bureaucracy.
SELECTED ACTIONS
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The university’s response to failing
students is too punitive.
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Not enough faculty support in
helping students achieve.

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Institutional bias can leave students
feeling angry and isolated.

Set up dialogues between
faculty/staff and students that
open the lines of communication.
Create peer support for incoming
freshmen.
Support collaboration across the
university to address student
academic failure, and develop
strategies that support student
success.
Create and/or strengthen the
protocols that track failing
students.
Craft holistic, sensitive responses
to address academic failure.
TRANSITIONAL STRESS
SELECTED ACTIONS
CHALLENGES
 Monthly life seminars for ALL students.
 No internal resources to cope  Senior seminar that addresses
transition into adulthood.
with the changes they’re
experiencing.
 Ongoing and comprehensive RA
training.
 Lack family support.
 Mentoring opportunities.
 Lack of confidentiality on
campus.
 For students, Freshmen
Orientations isn’t enough.
 Lack of connection between
professors and students.
 Online de-stressor chat rooms and
groups
 Campus-wide “unplugged day.”
 Offer a wide variety of exam-taking
options.
AVAILABILITY OR OVERPRESCRIBING
CHALLENGES
SELECTED ACTIONS

Doctors are not getting to know
their patients, and are prescribing
meds rather than pursuing
alternative approaches.

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Medicines are too easily accessible.
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Abuse of Adderall is a problem.
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Students don’t see their medicinetaking behaviors as “Abuse.”

Don’t have a comprehensive
understanding of how students are
misusing and abusing meds.

Support educating
healthcare professionals
about the problems
associated with overprescribing.
Create a two-minute video
that accurately depicts the
realities of overprescribing,
and require its viewing!
Encourage the development
of student, staff and faculty
seminars on Adderall
abuse:
LACK OF RESOURCES
SELECTED ACTIONS

CHALLENGES
 Lack of awareness about
on- and off-campus
resources.
 Absence of treatment
availability.
 Students aren’t engaged
in creating solutions.
 Some students will
never seek help – how
can we reach these
students?
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Consistent and regular promotion of
resources, using positive messaging.
Counseling center as a go-to alternative.
Support that’s available at “all hours.”
An app that notifies students of alcoholfree alternatives, and monitors stress
levels and signs of depression.
Parents and guardians dialogues.
Universal screening for all students
Designated safe havens.
Health and Wellness Committee that
solidly supported by Campus
administrators.
SOCIAL MEDIA
CHALLENGES

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Social media is being used to
promote drug-taking activities
and behaviors, sending the
wrong message – that drug
taking is the norm.
What we see on TV and in the
movies condones drug use.
SELECTED ACTIONS
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The administration is powerless
to stop these messages from
being broadcast over the
airwaves.
Focus groups or informal
discussions with students to
confirm the methods and
messaging they are receiving
and sending about alcohol
and other drugs.
Acknowledge the role that
media plays in influencing
drug and alcohol abuse.
Build opportunities where
students and university staff
and faculty can communicate
with each other.
WHY WE CARE…
1.
How can we do a better job of
creating connections between
prescription drug abuse and the
risk and protective factors that
influence/protect students from
abusing these medicines?
2. What parallels can we draw?
Correlating issues and/or
populations?
3. How can YOU bring some of these
issues and recommendations to
light on your campus?
LET’S TALK ABOUT IT!
THANKS FOR PARTICIPATING
To learn more….
Ray Bullman
National Council on Patient Information and Education
301.340.3940
[email protected]
www.talkaboutrx.org