Men are abused, too

A new Group Health study takes a look at men who are abused by significant others – an occurence researches say is often hidden – much like it was with women a decade ago.

The study, which appears in June’s American Journal of Preventive Medicine, looks to debunk the myths involved with domestic violence in men and let them know they’re not alone, said study leader Dr. Robert J. Reid, an associate investigator at the Group Health Center for Health Studies.
The study extends Group Health’s research on domestic violence. The team’s previous publications have documented the prevalence, persistence, and health effects of domestic violence on women. This study asked men the same questions they had asked women.

“Our team is concerned about abuse of people: of women as well as men,” Reid said. “We do not want to downplay the seriousness of domestic violence as experienced by women.”

Here are five myths:

Myth 1: Few men experience domestic violence. Many do. In-depth phone interviews with over 400 randomly sampled adult male Group Health patients showed 5 percent had experienced domestic violence in the past year, 10 percent in the past five years, and 29 percent over their lifetimes. The researchers defined domestic violence to include nonphysical abuse (threats, chronic disparaging remarks, or controlling behavior) as well as physical abuse (slapping, hitting, kicking, or forced sex.)

Myth 2: Abuse of men has no serious effects. The researchers found domestic violence is associated with serious, long-term effects on men’s mental health. Women are more likely than men to experience more severe physical abuse. “But even nonphysical abuse – can do lasting damage,” Reid said. Depressive symptoms were nearly three times as common in older men who had experienced abuse than in those who hadn’t, with much more severe depression in the men who had been abused physically.

Myth 3: Abused men don’t stay, because they’re free to leave. In fact, men may stay for years with their abusive partners. “We know that many women may have trouble leaving abusive relationships, especially if they’re caring for young children and not working outside the home,” Reid said. “We were surprised to find that most men in abusive relationships also stay, through multiple episodes, for years.”

Myth 4: Domestic violence affects only poor people. The study actually showed it to be an equal-opportunity scourge. “As we found in our previous research with women experiencing domestic violence, this is a common problem affecting people in all walks of life,” Reid said. “Our patients at Group Health have health insurance and easy access to health care, and their employment rate and average income, education level and age are higher than those of the rest of the U.S. population.”

Myth 5: Ignoring it will make it go away. Not so. “We doctors hardly ever ask our male patients about being abused and they seldom tell us,” Reid said. “Many abused men feel ashamed because of societal expectations for men to be tough and in control.” Younger men were twice as likely as men age 55 or older to report recent abuse. “That may be because older men are even more reluctant to talk about it,” Reid said.

Reid said more research is needed to determine the best ways for doctors to ask men if they have experienced domestic violence and how best to help them into couples counseling, leaving their partners or getting protection orders.