Free Press was a book publishing imprint of Simon & Schuster. It was one of the best-known imprints specializing in serious nonfiction; in 2012, it ceased to exist as a distinct imprint entity and merged into Simon & Schuster, the company's flagship imprint; however, some books would still be published using the Free Press imprimatur.[1][2]

In 1960, Kaplan was recruited by Macmillan to provide new editorial leadership and he agreed to move to New York if Macmillan Publishing Company would buy Free Press, and thus Free Press was sold in 1960 for $1.3 million ($500,000 going to Kaplan and $800,000 going to Liebman).[1]

In 1994, Simon & Schuster acquired Macmillan and Free Press.[1] In 2012, it was announced that Free Press would cease to exist as a distinct entity and would be merged into Simon & Schuster, the company's flagship imprint.[1][2] "We plan to continue publishing thought leaders and other important cultural voices under the Free Press imprimatur, while also introducing many other Free Press authors, such as novelists and historians and business writers, to the flagship Simon & Schuster imprint."[1]

1.
Imprimatur
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An imprimatur is, in the proper sense, a declaration authorizing publication of a book. The term is applied loosely to any mark of approval or endorsement. An imprimatur is not an endorsement by the bishop of the contents of a book, not even of the opinions expressed in it. No implication is contained therein that those who have granted the nihil obstat or imprimatur agree with the contents, the person empowered to issue the imprimatur is the local ordinary of the author or of the place of publication. If he refuses to grant an imprimatur for a work that has received a nihil obstat from the censor. This enables the author, if he wishes, to make changes so as to overcome the difficulty in granting approval. If further examination shows that a work is not free of doctrinal or moral error and this happened three times in the 1980s, when the Holy See judged that complaints made to it about religion textbooks for schools were well founded and ordered the bishop to revoke his approval. The imprimatur granted for a publication is not valid for later editions of the work or for translations into another language. For these, new imprimaturs are required, rhoades was the first bishop to grant an imprimatur to an iPhone application. English laws of 1586,1637 and 1662 required a licence for printing books. This law finally expired in 1695, haskama, approval, הַסְכָּמָה is a rabbinic approval of a religious book concerning Judaism. It is written by a prominent rabbi in his own name, digital imprimatur is a hypothetical system of internet censorship. Imprimatur is also the name of a 2002 thriller novel by Rita Monaldi and Francesco Sorti, in painting, the distinct term imprimatura is used of an underlying coat of paint. In the Doctor Who Doctor Who Virgin New Adventures book series, the Rassilonian Imprimatur is the equivalent of a university degree, given to Time Lords upon the conclusion of their education

2.
The Division of Labour in Society
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The Division of Labour in Society is the doctoral dissertation of French sociologist Émile Durkheim, published in 1893. It was influential in advancing sociological theories and thought, with ideas which in turn were influenced by Auguste Comte, Durkheim described how social order was maintained in societies based on two very different forms of solidarity, and the transition from more primitive societies to advanced industrial societies. Durkheim suggested that in a society, mechanical solidarity, with people acting and thinking alike. In such a society, Durkheim viewed crime as an act that offends strong, because social ties were relatively homogeneous and weak throughout society, the law had to be repressive and penal, to respond to offences of the common conscience. Durkheim argued that regulation was needed, as well as economic regulation. In this type of society, law would be more restitutive than penal and he thought that transition of a society from primitive to advanced may bring about major disorder, crisis, and anomie. However, once society has reached the stage, it becomes much stronger and is done developing. Unlike Karl Marx, Durkheim did not foresee any different society arising out of the industrial capitalist division of labour and he regards conflict, chaos, and disorder as pathological phenomena to modern society, whereas Marx highlights class conflict

The Division of Labour in Society
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Cover of the French edition of The Division of Labor in Society.
The Division of Labour in Society
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Books

3.
Economy and Society
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Economy and Society is a book by political economist and sociologist Max Weber, published posthumously in Germany in 1922 by his wife Marianne. Alongside The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, it is considered to be one of Webers most important works, extremely broad in scope, the book covers numerous themes including religion, economics, politics, public administration, and sociology. A complete translation of the work was not published in English until 1968, in 1998, the International Sociological Association listed this work as the most important sociological book of the 20th century. Sociology. is a science concerning itself with the understanding of social action and thereby with a causal explanation of its course. The construction of a rational course of action in such cases serves the sociologist as a type which has the merit of clear understandability. In Economy and Society, Weber distinguished three types of religious activity, world-flying mysticism, world-rejecting asceticism, and inner-worldly asceticism. He also separated magic as pre-religious activity, Economy and Society,2 v. Description and scroll to chapter-preview links. Camic, Charles, Philip S. Gorski, and David M. Trubek, Max Webers Economy and Society, A Critical Companion. 403 pp. Google Print Economy and Society on the Internet Archive

Economy and Society
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Hardcower edition

4.
Max Weber
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Karl Emil Maximilian Max Weber was a German sociologist, philosopher, jurist, political economist and the husband of Marianne Schnitger. His ideas profoundly influenced social theory and social research, Weber is often cited, with Émile Durkheim and Karl Marx, as among the three founders of sociology. Unlike Durkheim, he did not believe in monocausality and rather proposed that for any outcome there can be multiple causes and he argued that it was in the basic tenets of Protestantism to boost capitalism. Thus, it can be said that the spirit of capitalism is inherent to Protestant religious values, against Marxs historical materialism, Weber emphasised the importance of cultural influences embedded in religion as a means for understanding the genesis of capitalism. In another major work, Politics as a Vocation, Weber defined the state as an entity that successfully claims a monopoly of the use of physical force within a given territory. He was also the first to categorise social authority into distinct forms, which he labelled as charismatic, traditional and his analysis of bureaucracy emphasised that modern state institutions are increasingly based on rational-legal authority. Weber also made a variety of contributions in economic history, as well as economic theory. Webers analysis of modernity and rationalisation significantly influenced the theory associated with the Frankfurt School. After the First World War, Max Weber was among the founders of the liberal German Democratic Party and he also ran unsuccessfully for a seat in parliament and served as advisor to the committee that drafted the ill-fated democratic Weimar Constitution of 1919. After contracting Spanish flu, he died of pneumonia in 1920, Karl Emil Maximilian Weber was born in 1864, in Erfurt, Province of Saxony, Prussia. Weber Sr. s involvement in public life immersed his home in politics and academia, as his salon welcomed many prominent scholars and public figures. The young Weber and his brother Alfred, who became a sociologist and economist. Before entering the university, he would read many other classical works, in 1882 Weber enrolled in the University of Heidelberg as a law student. After a year of service, he transferred to the University of Berlin. Simultaneously with his studies, he worked as a junior lawyer, in 1886 Weber passed the examination for Referendar, comparable to the bar association examination in the British and American legal systems. Throughout the late 1880s, Weber continued his study of law and this work was used as part of a longer work On the History of Trading Companies in the Middle Ages, based on South-European Sources, published in the same year. Two years later, Weber completed his Habilitationsschrift, Roman Agrarian History and its Significance for Public and Private Law, having thus become a Privatdozent, Weber joined the University of Berlins faculty, lecturing and consulting for the government. In the years between the completion of his dissertation and habilitation, Weber took an interest in social policy

5.
Bertrand Russell
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Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, OM, FRS was a British philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, writer, social critic, political activist and Nobel laureate. At various points in his life he considered himself a liberal, a socialist, and a pacifist and he was born in Monmouthshire into one of the most prominent aristocratic families in the United Kingdom. In the early 20th century, Russell led the British revolt against idealism and he is considered one of the founders of analytic philosophy along with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, colleague G. E. Moore, and protégé Ludwig Wittgenstein. He is widely held to be one of the 20th centurys premier logicians, with A. N. Whitehead he wrote Principia Mathematica, an attempt to create a logical basis for mathematics. His philosophical essay On Denoting has been considered a paradigm of philosophy, Russell mostly was a prominent anti-war activist, he championed anti-imperialism. Occasionally, he advocated preventive nuclear war, before the opportunity provided by the monopoly is gone. He went to prison for his pacifism during World War I, in 1950 Russell was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought. Bertrand Russell was born on 18 May 1872 at Ravenscroft, Trellech, Monmouthshire and his parents, Viscount and Viscountess Amberley, were radical for their times. Lord Amberley consented to his wifes affair with their childrens tutor, both were early advocates of birth control at a time when this was considered scandalous. Lord Amberley was an atheist and his atheism was evident when he asked the philosopher John Stuart Mill to act as Russells secular godfather, Mill died the year after Russells birth, but his writings had a great effect on Russells life. His paternal grandfather, the Earl Russell, had asked twice by Queen Victoria to form a government. The Russells had been prominent in England for several centuries before this, coming to power, Lady Amberley was the daughter of Lord and Lady Stanley of Alderley. Russell often feared the ridicule of his grandmother, one of the campaigners for education of women. Russell had two siblings, brother Frank, and sister Rachel, in June 1874 Russells mother died of diphtheria, followed shortly by Rachels death. In January 1876, his father died of bronchitis following a period of depression. Frank and Bertrand were placed in the care of their staunchly Victorian paternal grandparents and his grandfather, former Prime Minister Earl Russell, died in 1878, and was remembered by Russell as a kindly old man in a wheelchair. His grandmother, the Countess Russell, was the dominant family figure for the rest of Russells childhood, the countess was from a Scottish Presbyterian family, and successfully petitioned the Court of Chancery to set aside a provision in Amberleys will requiring the children to be raised as agnostics. Her favourite Bible verse, Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil, the atmosphere at Pembroke Lodge was one of frequent prayer, emotional repression, and formality, Frank reacted to this with open rebellion, but the young Bertrand learned to hide his feelings

6.
Glencoe, Illinois
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Glencoe is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the census, the population was 8,723. Glencoe is located on suburban Chicagos North Shore and is located within the New Trier High School District, Glencoe is located at 42°7′53″N 87°45′39″W. According to the 2010 census, Glencoe has an area of 3.781 square miles. Glencoe is located on the west side of Lake Michigan and it is separated from suburbs on the north and west by over 1,200 acres of the Cook County Forest Preserve natural forest area. Three golf clubs also buffer it, with the private Lake Shore Country Club on the north, the public Glencoe Golf Club on the northwest, and the private Skokie Country Club on the west. The village is surrounded on three sides by upper income communities, with Highland Park on the north, Northbrook on the west, the Skokie Lagoons are located in the forest preserve to the immediate west of the village. The same forest preserve has a trail that connects to other forest preserves to the south. In the village, the Greenbay Trail allows bicyclists to travel as far south as Wilmette, the highest point of elevation in Glencoe is 690 feet above sea level along Green Bay Road in the northern part of the village. As of the census of 2010, there were 8,723 people,3,013 households, and 2,499 families residing in the village. The racial makeup of the village was 94% White,1. 2% African American,2. 7% Asian,0. 1% American Indian and Alaska Native,0. 5% some other race, hispanic or Latino of any race were 2. 7% of the population. Approximately 15. 2% of all households were made up of individuals, the average household size was 2.89, and the average family size was 3.23. In the village, the population was out with 31. 6% under the age of 18,4. 3% from 18 to 24,15. 6% from 25 to 44, 34% from 45 to 64. The median age was 44.0 years, there were 4,428 females and 4,295 males. For the period 2007–11, the median annual income for a household in the village was $174,931. Male full-time workers had an income of $156,739 versus $69,037 for females. The per capita income for the village was $101,649, approximately 4. 5% of the population and 4. 7% of families were below the poverty line, including 4. 7% of those under the age of 18 and 10. 5% age 65 or older. The late 19th century and early 20th century saw many elegant homes built in Glencoe, in addition to several structures by Frank Lloyd Wright, there are houses designed by Howard Van Doren Shaw, David Adler, Robert E. Seyfarth and George Washington Maher, among others

Glencoe, Illinois
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Glencoe Metra Station in 2012
Glencoe, Illinois
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Location in Cook County and the state of Illinois.
Glencoe, Illinois
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Major city

7.
The Denial of Death
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The Denial of Death is a 1973 work of psychology and philosophy by Ernest Becker. It was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction in 1974, Becker builds on the works of Søren Kierkegaard, Sigmund Freud, Norman O. Brown and Otto Rank. Becker argues that a duality in human life exists between the physical world of objects and a symbolic world of human meaning. This symbolic self-focus takes the form of an immortality project. This, in turn, gives people the feeling that their lives have meaning, a purpose, Becker argues that the arbitrariness of human-invented immortality projects makes them naturally prone to conflict. When one immortality project conflicts with another, it is essentially an accusation of wrongness of life, each party will want to prove its belief system is superior, a better way of life. Thus these immortality projects are considered a fundamental driver of conflict, such as in wars, bigotry, genocide. Another theme running throughout the book is that humanitys traditional hero-systems, science attempts to serve as an immortality project, something that Becker believes it can never do, because it is unable to provide agreeable, absolute meanings to human life. The book states that we need new convincing illusions that enable us to feel heroic in ways that are agreeable, Becker, however, does not provide any definitive answer, mainly because he believes that there is no perfect solution. Instead, he hopes that gradual realization of humanitys innate motivations, namely death, from this premise, mental illness is described as opposite, dysfunctional extremes in ones relationship with their own immortality project. At one extreme, people experiencing depression have the sense that their immortality project is failing and they either begin to think the immortality project is false, or feel unable to successfully be a hero in terms of that immortality project. As a result, they are reminded of their mortality, biological body. At the other extreme, Becker describes schizophrenia as being when someone becomes so obsessed with their personal immortality project that they deny the nature of all other realities. The schizophrenic creates their own internal, mental reality in which they define and control all purposes, truths and this makes them pure heroes, living in a mental reality that is taken as superior to both physical and cultural realities. Like the schizophrenic, creative and artistic individuals deny both physical reality and culturally-endorsed immortality projects, expressing a need to create their own reality, Becker argues that the existence of two biological sexes is a serious threat to heroism. Whether someone is born as male or female appears to be completely random, and so biological sexual identity serves not only as a disturbing reminder of physical, biological existence, but an arbitrary biological existence. This naturally makes people uncomfortable and ashamed, on one hand, this discomfort is a fundamental driver of the need to symbolize sex in terms of gender. For example, it may drive the need to mask the biological differences between the sexes, and to give each gender non-biological differences in appearance

8.
Neoconservative
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For modern conservatism in other countries, see Conservatism § Modern conservatism in different countries. Neoconservatism is a movement born in the United States during the 1960s among conservative-leaning Democrats who became disenchanted with the partys foreign policy. Many of its adherents became politically famous during the Republican presidential administrations of the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s and 2000s, neoconservatives peaked in influence during the administration of George W. Bush, when they played a major role in promoting and planning the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Prominent neoconservatives in the George W. Bush administration included Paul Wolfowitz, Elliott Abrams, Richard Perle, the term neoconservative refers to those who made the ideological journey from the anti-Stalinist Left to the camp of American conservatism. The movement had its roots in the Jewish monthly review magazine Commentary. They spoke out against the New Left and in that way helped define the movement, the neoconservative label was used by Irving Kristol in his 1979 article Confessions of a True, Self-Confessed Neoconservative. His ideas have been influential since the 1950s, when he co-founded and edited the magazine Encounter, another source was Norman Podhoretz, editor of the magazine Commentary from 1960 to 1995. By 1982 Podhoretz was terming himself a neoconservative, in a New York Times Magazine article titled The Neoconservative Anguish over Reagans Foreign Policy. During the late 1970s and early 1980s, the neoconservatives considered that liberalism had failed and no longer knew what it was talking about, seymour Lipset asserts that the term neoconservative was used originally by a socialist to criticize the politics of Social Democrats, USA. Jonah Goldberg argues that the term is ideological criticism against proponents of American modern liberalism who had become more conservative. Through the 1950s and early 1960s, the future neoconservatives had endorsed the American Civil Rights Movement, racial integration, from the 1950s to the 1960s, there was general endorsement among liberals for military action to prevent a communist victory in Vietnam. Many were particularly alarmed by what they claimed were anti-semitic sentiments from Black Power advocates, a substantial number of neoconservatives were originally moderate socialists associated with the right-wing of the Socialist Party of America, and its successor, Social Democrats, USA. Max Shachtman, a former Trotskyist theorist who developed an antipathy towards the New Left, had numerous devotees among SDUSA with strong links to George Meanys AFL-CIO. Following Shachtman and Meany, this led the SP to oppose an immediate withdrawal from the Vietnam War. They also chose to cease their own party-building and concentrated on working within the Democratic Party, thus the Socialist Party ceased to be in 1972 and SDUSA emerged. SDUSA leaders associated with neoconservatism include Carl Gershman, Penn Kemble, Joshua Muravchik, Norman Podhoretzs magazine Commentary of the American Jewish Committee, originally a journal of liberalism, became a major publication for neoconservatives during the 1970s. Commentary published an article by Jeane Kirkpatrick, an early and prototypical neoconservative, many neoconservatives had been Jewish intellectuals in New York City during the 1930s. They were on the left but strongly opposed Stalinism, some were Trotskyists

9.
Robert Bork
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Robert Heron Bork was an American judge and legal scholar who advocated the judicial philosophy of originalism. Bork served as a Yale Law School professor, Solicitor General, Acting Attorney General, in 1987, President Ronald Reagan nominated him to the Supreme Court, but the U. S. Senate rejected his nomination. Bork was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and his father was Harry Philip Bork, Jr. a steel company purchasing agent, and his mother was Elisabeth, a schoolteacher. His father was of German and Irish ancestry, while his mother was of Pennsylvania Dutch descent and he was married to Claire Davidson from 1952 until 1980, when she died of cancer. They had a daughter, Ellen, and two sons, Robert and Charles, in 1982 he married Mary Ellen Pohl, a Catholic religious sister turned activist. Bork attended the Hotchkiss School in Lakeville, Connecticut and earned bachelors, while pursuing his bachelors degree he became a brother of the international social fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta. While pursuing his law degree he served on Law Review, at Chicago he was awarded a Phi Beta Kappa key with his law degree in 1953 and passed the bar in Illinois that same year. Among his students during this time were Bill Clinton, Hillary Clinton, Anita Hill, Robert Reich, Jerry Brown, John R. Bolton, Samuel Issacharoff, conservative scholar Harry Jaffa criticized Bork for failing to adhere to natural law principles. Bork served as general in the U. S. Department of Justice from March 1973 to 1977. Chief Justice Warren Burger called Bork the most effective counsel to appear before the court during his tenure, Nixon initially ordered U. S. Attorney General, Elliot Richardson, to fire Cox. Richardson resigned rather than carry out the order, richardsons top deputy, Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus, also considered the order fundamentally wrong and also resigned, making Bork the Acting Attorney General. When Nixon reiterated his order, Bork complied and fired Cox, the Justice Department did not appeal the ruling, and because Cox indicated that he did not want his job back, the issue was considered resolved. Bork remained Acting Attorney General until the appointment of William B, in his posthumously published memoirs, Bork stated that following the firings, Nixon promised him the next seat on the Supreme Court. Nixon was unable to carry out the promise after resigning in the wake of the Watergate scandal, Bork was a circuit judge for the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit between 1982 and 1988. He was nominated by President Reagan on December 7,1981, was confirmed with a unanimous consent voice vote by the Senate on February 8,1982, and received his commission on February 9,1982. One of his opinions while on the D. C. Circuit was Dronenburg v. Zech,741 F. 2d 1388 and this case involved James L. Dronenburg, a sailor who had been administratively discharged from the Navy for engaging in homosexual conduct. Dronenburg argued that his discharge violated his right to privacy and this argument was rejected in an opinion written by Bork and joined by Antonin Scalia, in which Bork critiqued the line of Supreme Court cases upholding a right to privacy. In rejecting Dronenburgs suggestion for an en banc, the D. C

Robert Bork
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Robert Bork
Robert Bork
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Bork (right) with President Ronald Reagan, 1987

10.
The Closing of the American Mind
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The Closing of the American Mind is a 1987 book by philosopher Allan Bloom, in which Bloom argued that higher education has failed democracy and impoverished the souls of todays students. He focused especially upon the openness of relativism as leading paradoxically to the great closing referenced in the books title, in Blooms view, openness and absolute understanding undermine critical thinking and eliminate the point of view that defines cultures. The Closing of the American Mind became an unexpected best seller, eventually selling close to half a million copies in hardback, Bloom critiques the contemporary American university and how he sees it as failing its students, criticizing modern movements in philosophy and the humanities. Philosophy professors involved in ordinary language analysis or logical positivism disregard important humanizing ethical and political issues, to a great extent, Blooms criticism revolves around his belief that the great books of Western thought have been devalued as a source of wisdom. Blooms critique extends beyond the university to speak to the crisis in American society. He draws analogies between the United States and the Weimar Republic, for Bloom, this created a void in the souls of Americans, into which demagogic radicals as exemplified by 60s student leaders could leap. In the second instance, he argued, the calling of philosophy and reason understood as freedom of thought, had been eclipsed by a pseudo-philosophy. Relativism was one feature of modern philosophy that had subverted the Platonic–Socratic teaching. Blooms critique of social movements at play in universities or society at large is derived from his classical and philosophical orientation. Bloom argues that commercial pursuits had become highly valued than love. Bloom, informed by Socrates, Aristotle, Rousseau, and Nietzsche and he names the pop-star Mick Jagger as a cardinal representative of the hypocrisy and erotic-sterility of pop-music. Bloom claims that Jagger is a hero to many university students who envy his fame, the Closing of the American Mind was published in 1987, five years after Bloom published an essay in The National Review about the failure of universities to serve the needs of students. His friends and admirers imagined the work would be a modest success, as did Bloom, martha Nussbaum, a liberal philosopher, and Harry V. Jaffa, a conservative historian, both argued that Bloom was deeply influenced by 19th-century European philosophers, especially Nietzsche. Nussbaum wrote that, for Bloom, Nietzsche had been influential in modern American thought. In her review, Nussbaum questioned whether Bloom deserved to be considered a philosopher, david Rieff called Bloom an academic version of Oliver North, vengeful, reactionary, antidemocratic. The book, he said, was one that decent people would be ashamed of having written, poet Frederick Turner described The Closing of the American Mind as, The most thoughtful conservative analysis of the nations cultural sickness. Jurist Richard Posner compared Blooms book to Paglias Sexual Personae, finding both books to be examples of academic works that mysteriously strike a chord with a broad public. Linguist Noam Chomsky dismissed Blooms book as mind-bogglingly stupid for basically saying and you just march the students through a canon of great thoughts that are picked out for everybody when the effect of that is that students will end up knowing and understanding virtually nothing

The Closing of the American Mind
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Cover of the first edition

11.
The Real Anita Hill
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In March 1992, Brock had authored a sharply critical story about Hill in The American Spectator magazine which became the nucleus of the book, The Real Anita Hill. Excerpts were also printed in the Wall Street Journal, Brock now describes the book as a character assassination and has since disavowed its premise. He has also apologized to Hill, in his subsequent book, Blinded by the Right, Brock characterized himself as having been a witting cog in the Republican sleaze machine. Booknotes interview with Brock on The Real Anita Hill, June 13,1993

The Real Anita Hill
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The Real Anita Hill

12.
The White Tiger
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The White Tiger is the debut novel by Indian author Aravind Adiga. It was first published in 2008 and won the 40th Man Booker Prize in the same year, the novel provides a darkly humorous perspective of India’s class struggle in a globalized world as told through a retrospective narration from Balram Halwai, a village boy. Ultimately, Balram transcends his sweet-maker caste and becomes a successful entrepreneur, in a nation proudly shedding a history of poverty and underdevelopment, he represents, as he himself says, tomorrow. The novel has been well-received, making the New York Times bestseller list in addition to winning the Man Booker Prize, Aravind Adiga,33 at the time, was the second youngest writer as well as the fourth debut writer to win the prize in 2008. Adiga says his novel attempt to catch the voice of the men you meet as you travel through India — the voice of the colossal underclass, Balram Halwai narrates his life in a letter, written in seven consecutive nights and addressed to the Chinese Premier, Wen Jiabao. In his letter, Balram explains how he, the son of a puller, escaped a life of servitude to become a successful businessman. Balram was born in the village of Laxmangarh, where he lived with his grandmother, parents, brother. He is a child but is forced to leave school in order to help pay for his cousins dowry. While working there he begins to learn about Indias government and economy from the customers conversations, Balram describes himself as a bad servant but a good listener and decides to become a driver. After learning how to drive, Balram finds a job driving Ashok and he takes over the job of the main driver, from a small car to a heavy-luxury described Honda City. He stops sending money back to his family and disrespects his grandmother during a back to his village. Balram moves to New Delhi with Ashok and his wife Pinky Madam, throughout their time in Delhi, Balram is exposed to extensive corruption, especially in the government. In Delhi, the contrast between the poor and the wealthy is made more evident by their proximity to one another. One night Pinky Madam takes the wheel from Balram, while drunk, hits something in the road and drives away, Ashoks family puts pressure on Balram to confess that he had been driving alone. Ashok becomes increasingly involved in bribing government officials for the benefit of the coal business. Balram then decides that killing Ashok will be the way to escape Indias Rooster Coop. After bludgeoning Ashok with a bottle and stealing a large bribe, Balram moves to Bangalore, when one of his drivers kills a bike messenger, Balram pays off the family. Balram explains that his own family was almost certainly killed by Ashoks relatives as retribution for his murder, at the end of the novel, Balram rationalizes his actions and considers that his freedom is worth the lives of his family and of Ashok

The White Tiger
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The White Tiger

13.
Debut novel
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A debut novel is the first novel a novelist publishes. First-time novelists without a previous published reputation, such as publication in nonfiction, magazines, or literary journals, sometimes new novelists will self-publish their debut novels, because publishing houses will not risk the capital needed to market books by an unknown author to the public. Most publishers purchase rights to novels, especially debut novels, through literary agents, for this reason, literary communities have created awards that help acknowledge exceptional debut novels. The books film rights were purchased soon after by producer Scott Rudin. For similar reasons that advances are not very large—novels frequently dont sell well until the author gains a literary reputation. There are exceptions, however, YouTube star Zoella published her debut novel Girl Online in November 2014, the novel saw huge sales because she already had an established audience, and publishers were willing to run a large print run. By comparison, bestselling Fifty Shades of Grey sold 14,814 copies in its first week, or later popular novels like Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone, only receive small initial print runs. Debut novels that do well will be reprinted as sales increase due to word of mouth popularity of the novels — publishers dont often run large marketing campaigns for debut novelists, there are numerous literary prizes for debut novels often associated with genre or nationality. These prizes are in recognition of the difficulties faced by debut novelists and bring attention to deserving works, often an authors first novel will not be as complex stylistically or thematically as subsequent works and often will not feature the authors typical literary characteristics. As examples, Astor points to J. R. R, sometimes, instead of writing novels to begin their career, some authors will start with short stories, which can be easier to publish and allow authors to get started in writing fiction. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the earliest attested usage of first novel is from 1876, however, the term is much older, with instances going back to at least 1800. The Oxford English Dictionary doesnt have an entry for debut novel, the earliest usage of debut novel in the Google Books database is 1930. The Google Books Ngram Viewer shows it becoming more used after about 1980

14.
Man Booker Prize
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The Man Booker Prize for Fiction is a literary prize awarded each year for the best original novel, written in the English language and published in the UK. The winner of the Man Booker Prize is generally assured international renown and success, therefore, from its inception, only Commonwealth, Irish, and South African citizens were eligible to receive the prize, in 2014, however, this eligibility was widened to any English-language novel. A high-profile literary award in British culture, the Booker Prize is greeted with great anticipation and it is also a mark of distinction for authors to be selected for inclusion in the shortlist or even to be nominated for the longlist. The foundation is an independent registered charity funded by the profits of Booker Prize Trading Ltd. In 1970, Bernice Rubens became the first woman to win the Booker Prize, the rules of the Booker changed in 1971, previously, it had been awarded retrospectively to books published prior to the year in which the award was given. In 1971 the year of eligibility was changed to the same as the year of the award, in effect, this meant that books published in 1970 were not considered for the Booker in either year. The Booker Prize Foundation announced in January 2010 the creation of an award called the Lost Man Booker Prize. Alice Munro has a place in Booker Prize history, The Beggar Maid is the only short story collection to have been shortlisted. Before 2001, each years longlist of nominees was not publicly revealed, John Sutherland, who was a judge for the 1999 prize, has said, There is a well-established London literary community. Rushdie doesnt get shortlisted now because he has attacked that community and that is not a good game plan if you want to win the Booker. Norman Mailer has found the thing in the US – you have to be a citizen if you want to win prizes. The real scandal is that Amis has never won the prize, in fact, he has only been shortlisted once and that was for Times Arrow, which was not one of his strongest books. He pissed people off with Dead Babies and that lodged in the culture. There is also the feeling that he has looked towards America. In 1972, the winning writer John Berger, known for his Marxist worldview and he blamed Bookers 130 years of sugar production in the Caribbean for the regions modern poverty. Berger donated half of his £5,000 prize to the British Black Panther movement, because they had a socialist, in 1980, Anthony Burgess, writer of Earthly Powers, refused to attend the ceremony unless it was confirmed to him in advance whether he had won. His was one of two books considered likely to win, the other being Rites of Passage by William Golding, the judges decided only 30 minutes before the ceremony, giving the prize to Golding. Both novels had been seen as favourites to win leading up to the prize, 1983s judging produced a draw between J. M. Coetzees Life & Times of Michael K and Salman Rushdies Shame, leaving chair of judges Fay Weldon to choose between the two

Man Booker Prize
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The Man Booker Prize 2015

15.
Howard S. Becker
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Howard Saul Becker is an American sociologist who has made major contributions to the sociology of deviance, sociology of art, and sociology of music. Becker also wrote extensively on writing styles and methodologies. Beckers 1963 book Outsiders provided the foundations for labeling theory, Becker is often called a symbolic interactionist or social constructionist, although he does not align himself with either method. A graduate of the University of Chicago, Becker is considered part of the second Chicago School of Sociology, Howard Saul Becker was born April 18,1928 in Chicago, IL. Becker began playing piano at an age and by age 15 worked as a pianist in bars and strip joints and, later. According to Becker, he was able to work semi-professionally because of World War II and it was through his work as a musician Becker first became exposed to drug culture, which he would later study. Becker received his degree in sociology at the University of Chicago in 1946. While in school, Becker continued to play piano semi-professionally, according to Becker, he viewed music as his career and sociology as a hobby. Even so, he went on to get both his M. A. and Ph. D. in sociology from the University of Chicago where he wrote his dissertation on Chicago school teachers. At the University of Chicago, Becker was taught in the tradition of the original Chicago School of Sociology, much of Beckers early work was guided in the Chicago School tradition, in particular by Everett C. Hughes who served as Beckers mentor and advisor. Becker is also labeled a symbolic interactionist, even though he doesnt accept the label. According to Becker, his lineage is Georg Simmel, Robert E. Park. After receiving his Ph. D. at the age of 23, after receiving his doctorate at the University of Chicago, Becker worked for three years as an instructor in sociology and social sciences at the University of Chicago. In 1965, Becker became a professor of sociology at Northwestern University, during his career at Northwestern, Becker also taught as a visiting professor at the University of Manchester and as a visiting scholar at the Museu Nacional in Rio de Janeiro. In 1991, Becker became a professor of sociology and, in 1996, Becker has also been the recipient of numerous awards and honors in his field. Becker currently resides in San Francisco, CA and he also spends three to four months out of the year in Europe, mostly Paris, France. Although no longer teaching full-time, Becker continues to write and record music, in 2004, Un sociologue en liberté, Lecture d’Howard S. Becker by French sociologist Alain Pessin was released in France. In the book, Pessin examines Beckers work and contributions to the field of sociology, although Becker does not claim to be a deviancy specialist, his work on the subject is often cited by sociologists and criminologists studying deviance

16.
Stephen R. Covey
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Stephen Richards Covey was an American educator, author, businessman, and keynote speaker. His most popular book was The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People and he was a professor at the Jon M. Huntsman School of Business at Utah State University at the time of his death. Covey was born to Stephen Glenn Covey and Irene Louise Richards Covey in Salt Lake City, Utah, Louise was the daughter of Stephen L Richards, an apostle and counselor in the first presidency of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints under David O. McKay. Covey was the grandson of Stephen Mack Covey who founded the original Little America near Granger, Covey was athletic as a youth but contracted slipped capital femoral epiphysis in junior high school, requiring him to change his focus to academics. He was a member of the team and graduated from high school early. Covey earned a Bachelor of Science degree in administration from the University of Utah, an MBA from Harvard University. He was a member of Pi Kappa Alpha International Fraternity and he was awarded ten honorary doctorates. The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, Coveys best-known book, has more than 25 million copies worldwide since its first publication in 1989. The audio version became the first non-fiction audio-book in U. S. publishing history to more than one million copies. Covey argues against what he calls The Personality Ethic, something he sees as prevalent in many modern self-help books and he promotes what he labels The Character Ethic, aligning one’s values with so-called universal and timeless principles. Covey adamantly refuses to conflate principles and values, he sees principles as external natural laws, while values remain internal, Covey proclaims that values govern peoples behavior, but principles ultimately determine the consequences. Covey presents his teachings in a series of habits, manifesting as a progression from dependence via independence to interdependence, Coveys 2004 book The 8th Habit, From Effectiveness to Greatness was published by Free Press, an imprint of Simon & Schuster. It is the sequel to The 7 Habits, Covey posits that effectiveness does not suffice in what he calls The Knowledge Worker Age. He says that he challenges and complexity we face today are of a different order of magnitude, the 8th habit essentially urges, Find your voice and inspire others to find theirs. Covey released The Leader in Me — How Schools and Parents Around the World Are Inspiring Greatness and it tells how some schools, parents and business leaders are preparing the next generation to meet the great challenges and opportunities of the 21st Century. In 1985 Covey established Stephen R and their mission statement reads, We enable greatness in people and organizations everywhere. In 2009 Covey launched a career development webinar series to help people struggling in the economic downturn and its purpose was to offer timely and current topics on a regular basis. In March 2008, Covey launched the Stephen Coveys Online Community, the site was a collection of online courses, goal management and social networking

Stephen R. Covey
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Stephen Covey

17.
The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People
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The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, first published in 1989, is a business and self-help book written by Stephen R. Covey. Covey presents an approach to being effective in attaining goals by aligning oneself to what he calls true north principles of an ethic that he presents as universal. Coveys best-known book has more than 25 million copies worldwide since its first publication in 1989. The audio version became the first non-fiction audio-book in U. S. publishing history to more than one million copies. Covey argues against what he calls The Personality Ethic, something he sees as prevalent in many modern self-help books and he promotes what he labels The Character Ethic, aligning ones values with so-called universal and timeless principles. Covey adamantly refuses to conflate principles and values, he sees principles as external natural laws, while values remain internal, Covey proclaims that values govern peoples behavior, but principles ultimately determine the consequences. Covey presents his teachings in a series of habits, manifesting as a progression from dependence via independence to interdependence. The book first introduces the concept of paradigm shift and helps the reader understand that different perspectives exist, on this premise, it introduces the seven habits in a proper order. Work from the centre of influence and constantly work to expand it. Dont sit and wait in a mode, waiting for problems to happen before taking action. 2 - Begin with the End in Mind Envision what you want in the future so you can work,3 - Put First Things First Talks about difference between Leadership and Management. Leadership in the world begins with personal vision and personal leadership. Talks about what is important and what is urgent, value and respect people by understanding a win for all is ultimately a better long-term resolution than if only one person in the situation had gotten his way. This creates an atmosphere of caring, and positive problem solving,6 - Synergize Combine the strengths of people through positive teamwork, so as to achieve goals that no one could have done alone. The final habit is that of improvement in both the personal and interpersonal spheres of influence. 7 - Sharpen the Saw Balance and renew your resources, energy and it primarily emphasizes exercise for physical renewal, good prayer and good reading for mental renewal. It also mentions service to society for spiritual renewal, Covey explains the Upward Spiral model in the sharpening the saw section. Through our conscience, along with meaningful and consistent progress, the spiral will result in growth, change, in essence, one is always attempting to integrate and master the principles outlined in The 7 Habits at progressively higher levels at each iteration

The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People
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The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People

18.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker

International Standard Book Number
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A 13-digit ISBN, 978-3-16-148410-0, as represented by an EAN-13 bar code

19.
OCLC
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The Online Computer Library Center is a US-based nonprofit cooperative organization dedicated to the public purposes of furthering access to the worlds information and reducing information costs. It was founded in 1967 as the Ohio College Library Center, OCLC and its member libraries cooperatively produce and maintain WorldCat, the largest online public access catalog in the world. OCLC is funded mainly by the fees that libraries have to pay for its services, the group first met on July 5,1967 on the campus of the Ohio State University to sign the articles of incorporation for the nonprofit organization. The group hired Frederick G. Kilgour, a former Yale University medical school librarian, Kilgour wished to merge the latest information storage and retrieval system of the time, the computer, with the oldest, the library. The goal of network and database was to bring libraries together to cooperatively keep track of the worlds information in order to best serve researchers and scholars. The first library to do online cataloging through OCLC was the Alden Library at Ohio University on August 26,1971 and this was the first occurrence of online cataloging by any library worldwide. Membership in OCLC is based on use of services and contribution of data, between 1967 and 1977, OCLC membership was limited to institutions in Ohio, but in 1978, a new governance structure was established that allowed institutions from other states to join. In 2002, the structure was again modified to accommodate participation from outside the United States. As OCLC expanded services in the United States outside of Ohio, it relied on establishing strategic partnerships with networks, organizations that provided training, support, by 2008, there were 15 independent United States regional service providers. OCLC networks played a key role in OCLC governance, with networks electing delegates to serve on OCLC Members Council, in early 2009, OCLC negotiated new contracts with the former networks and opened a centralized support center. OCLC provides bibliographic, abstract and full-text information to anyone, OCLC and its member libraries cooperatively produce and maintain WorldCat—the OCLC Online Union Catalog, the largest online public access catalog in the world. WorldCat has holding records from public and private libraries worldwide. org, in October 2005, the OCLC technical staff began a wiki project, WikiD, allowing readers to add commentary and structured-field information associated with any WorldCat record. The Online Computer Library Center acquired the trademark and copyrights associated with the Dewey Decimal Classification System when it bought Forest Press in 1988, a browser for books with their Dewey Decimal Classifications was available until July 2013, it was replaced by the Classify Service. S. The reference management service QuestionPoint provides libraries with tools to communicate with users and this around-the-clock reference service is provided by a cooperative of participating global libraries. OCLC has produced cards for members since 1971 with its shared online catalog. OCLC commercially sells software, e. g. CONTENTdm for managing digital collections, OCLC has been conducting research for the library community for more than 30 years. In accordance with its mission, OCLC makes its research outcomes known through various publications and these publications, including journal articles, reports, newsletters, and presentations, are available through the organizations website. The most recent publications are displayed first, and all archived resources, membership Reports – A number of significant reports on topics ranging from virtual reference in libraries to perceptions about library funding

20.
Francis Fukuyama
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Yoshihiro Francis Fukuyama is an American political scientist, political economist, and author. However, his subsequent book Trust, Social Virtues and Creation of Prosperity modified his position to acknowledge that culture cannot be cleanly separated from economics. Fukuyama is also associated with the rise of the neoconservative movement, Fukuyama has been a Senior Fellow at the Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law at Stanford University since July 2010. Before that, he served as a professor and director of the International Development program at the School of Advanced International Studies of the Johns Hopkins University. Previously, he was Omer L. and Nancy Hirst Professor of Public Policy at the School of Public Policy at George Mason University. He is a member of the International Forum for Democratic Studies founded by the National Endowment for Democracy and was a member of the Political Science Department of the RAND Corporation. Francis Fukuyama was born in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago and his paternal grandfather fled the Russo-Japanese War in 1905 and started a shop on the west coast before being interned in the Second World War. Francis grew up in Manhattan as a child, had little contact with Japanese culture. His family moved to State College, Pennsylvania, in 1967, Fukuyama received his Bachelor of Arts degree in classics from Cornell University, where he studied political philosophy under Allan Bloom. There, he studied with Samuel P. Huntington and Harvey Mansfield and he earned his Ph. D. in political science at Harvard for his thesis on Soviet threats to intervene in the Middle East. In 1979, he joined the global think tank RAND Corporation. Fukuyama was the Omer L. and Nancy Hirst Professor of Public Policy in the School of Public Policy at George Mason University from 1996 to 2000. He is now Olivier Nomellini Senior Fellow and resident in the Center on Democracy, Development, and that is, the end point of mankinds ideological evolution and the universalization of Western liberal democracy as the final form of human government. Authors like Ralf Dahrendorf argued in 1990 that the essay gave Fukuyama his 15 minutes of fame and he continued to remain a relevant and cited public intellectual leading American communitarian Amitai Etzioni to declare him one of the few enduring public intellectuals. They are often media stars who are eaten up and spat out after their 15 minutes, according to Fukuyama, one of the main reasons for the massive criticism against The End of History was the aggressive stance that it took towards postmodernism. Postmodern philosophy had, in Fukuyamas opinion, undermined the ideology behind liberal democracy, being a work that both praised the ideals of a group that had fallen out of favor and challenged the premises of the group that had replaced them, it was bound to create some controversy. Fukuyama has written a number of books, among them Trust, The Social Virtues. One possible outcome could be that a human nature could end in radical inequality

Francis Fukuyama
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Yoshihiro Francis Fukuyama

21.
The End of History and the Last Man
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The End of History and the Last Man is a 1992 book by Francis Fukuyama, expanding on his 1989 essay The End of History. Published in the international affairs journal The National Interest, in the book, Fukuyama argues that the advent of Western liberal democracy may signal the endpoint of humanitys sociocultural evolution and the final form of human government. Fukuyamas position contradicts that of Karl Marx, who predicted that communism would displace capitalism, Fukuyama himself identifies on some level with Marx, but more strongly with the German philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, by way of Alexandre Kojève. History should be viewed as an evolutionary process, events still occur at the end of history. Pessimism about humanitys future is warranted because of inability to control technology. The end of history means liberal democracy is the form of government for all nations. There can be no progression from liberal democracy to an alternative system, according to Fukuyama, since the French Revolution, democracy has repeatedly proven to be a fundamentally better system than any of the alternatives. The most basic error in discussing Fukuyamas work is to history with events. Some argue that Fukuyama presents American-style democracy as the correct political system. However, many Fukuyama scholars claim this is a misreading of his work, Fukuyamas argument is only that in the future there will be more and more governments that use the framework of parliamentary democracy and that contain markets of some sort. Indeed, Fukuyama has stated, The End of History was never linked to a specifically American model of social or political organization, an argument in favour of Fukuyamas thesis is the democratic peace theory, which argues that mature democracies rarely or never go to war with one another. This theory has faced criticism, with arguments largely resting on conflicting definitions of war, part of the difficulty in assessing the theory is that democracy as a widespread global phenomenon emerged only very recently in human history, which makes generalizing about it difficult. Some have argued against the book due to a disagreement with the concept of liberal democracy. According to Derrida, Fukuyama—and the quick celebrity of his book—is and he claims that the book uses a sleight-of-hand trick of making use of empirical data whenever it seems to suit its message, while appealing to an ideal whenever the empirical data contradicts it. Derrida points out that Fukuyama himself sees the real United States and European Union as imperfect compared to the ideals of liberal democracy, even the author understands that such ideals are not demonstrated by empirical evidence or ever could be demonstrated empirically. They belong entirely to the realm of philosophy or religion, owing their birth to the Gospels of Philosophy of Hegel, certain versions of Marxism can be conceived as end of history philosophies. Therefore, Marxists like Perry Anderson have been among Fukuyamas fiercest critics, apart from pointing out that capitalist democracies are still riven with poverty, racial tension, and the like, Marxists also reject Fukuyamas reliance on Hegel. According to them, Hegels philosophy was fatally flawed until Marx turned it on its head to create historical materialism, former Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez argued against the end of history, he argued his case in his September 2006 address to the United Nations General Assembly

The End of History and the Last Man
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The End of History and the Last Man

22.
Michael Behe
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Michael J. Behe is an American biochemist, author, and intelligent design advocate. He serves as professor of biochemistry at Lehigh University in Pennsylvania and as a fellow of the Discovery Institutes Center for Science. Behe grew up in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, where he attended school at St. Margaret Mary School. He graduated from Drexel University in 1974 with a Bachelor of Science in chemistry and he received his PhD in biochemistry at the University of Pennsylvania in 1978 for his dissertation research on sickle-cell disease. From 1978 to 1982, he did work on DNA structure at the National Institutes of Health. From 1982 to 1985, he was assistant professor of chemistry at Queens College in New York City, in 1985, he moved to Lehigh University and is currently a Professor of Biochemistry. Later, Behe came to believe there was evidence, at a biochemical level. The logic is similar to the watchmaker analogy given by William Paley in 1802 as proof of a divine creator. The claim of irreducible complexity is based on an argument from ignorance fallacy, the 1987 Edwards v. Aguillard U. S. Supreme Court decision barred the required teaching of creation science from public schools but allowed evolutionary theory on the grounds of scientific validity. After the decision, a draft of the textbook Of Pandas and People systematically replaced each. In March 1992, a conference at Southern Methodist University brought Behe together with leading figures into what Johnson later called the wedge strategy. In 1993, the Johnson-Behe cadre of scholars met at Pajaro Dunes, California, following a summer 1995 conference, The Death of Materialism and the Renewal of Culture, the group obtained funding through the Discovery Institute. In 1996, Behe became a fellow of the Discovery Institutes Center for the Renewal of Science and Culture. For the 1993 edition of Pandas, Behe wrote a chapter on blood clotting, presenting arguments which he presented in very similar terms in a chapter in his 1996 book Darwins Black Box. Behe later agreed that they were essentially the same when he defended intelligent design at the Dover trial, in 1996, Behe published his ideas on irreducible complexity in his book Darwins Black Box. Determining who the designer was, however, would not be nearly as easy and he remarks, Inferences to design do not require that we have a candidate for the role of designer. We can determine that a system was designed by examining the system itself, — Darwins Black Box, pp. 195–196 … designer is often seen as a not-too-subtle code word for God, both by those who like the implications and by those who dont. …Like it or not, a raft of important distinctions intervene between a conclusion of design and identification of a designer, …The designer need not necessarily even be a truly supernatural being

Michael Behe
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Michael Behe

23.
Michael Lind
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Michael Lind is an American writer. Lind is an ASU Future of War Fellow at New America in Washington, D. C. which he co-founded, an editor of Politico and The National Interest. Lind was a guest lecturer at Harvard Law School and has taught at Johns Hopkins and he has also been an editor or staff writer at The New Yorker, Harpers Magazine, and The New Republic. Lind has published a number of books on U. S. history, political economy, foreign policy, Lind was born in Austin, Texas, a fifth-generation native of the state. He graduated from the University of Texas at Austin with honors in English, in 1985 he received a Master of Arts degree in International Relations from Yale University and, in 1988, a Juris Doctor degree from the University of Texas Law School. From 1994–98 he lived in Manhattan and worked for Harper’s Magazine, The New Republic, Lind has also written two books on U. S. foreign policy, The American Way of Strategy and Vietnam, The Necessary War. Lind has also published a novel, Powertown, a poem, The Alamo. Regarding NATO and other U. S. allies, a liberal nationalist foreign policy, Lind continued, Lind argued for an immigration policy in the national interest would shift the emphasis from family reunification to skills. Compatible with the integration and cultural assimilation of newcomers to the United States

24.
Ben Mezrich
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Ben Mezrich is an American author from Princeton, New Jersey, United States. Mezrich was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of Molli Newman, a lawyer, and Dr. Reuben Mezrich and he was raised in a conservative Jewish household and attended Princeton Day School, in Princeton, New Jersey. He graduated magna cum laude with a degree in Social Studies from Harvard University in 1991, some of his books have been written under the pseudonym Holden Scott. He is known for his non-fiction books and he has been married to Tonya M. Chen since 2006. Mezrich is best known for his first non-fiction work, Bringing Down the House, the story was made into the movie 21, released in 2008. In 2004, Mezrich published a new book called Ugly Americans, also a nonfiction work, this book recounts the exploits of an American named John Malcolm, who was an assistant securities trader. In 2005 Mezrich published Busting Vegas, The MIT Whiz Kid Who Brought the Casinos to Their Knees a semi-sequel to Bringing Down the House. The book tells the story of another student involved in a similar Blackjack team, as with Bringing Down the House many of the events depicted in Busting Vegas were later contested by main character Semyon Dukach who described the book as only about half true. Mezrich published a new book in July 2009 about Mark Zuckerberg, the founder of Facebook, titled The Accidental Billionaires, The Founding Of Facebook, A Tale of Sex, Money, Genius, and Betrayal. It debuted at No.4 on the New York Times Nonfiction Bestseller List, aaron Sorkin adapted the book for the screenplay of the film The Social Network, which was released on October 1,2010. It was directed by David Fincher and stars Jesse Eisenberg as Mark Zuckerberg,2014 saw the release of Seven Wonders, Mezrichs first novel since The Carrier in 2001. Seven Wonders is a thriller involving murder, conspiracy, historical mystery. In it, the brother of a murdered mathematician takes a far-flung journey—from Brazil, India, Peru, publishers Weekly writes that Mezrich has written a rollicking adventure with a fantastic behind-the-scenes tour of some of the worlds most intriguing spots. He also represented Massachusetts as a contestant in the Sexiest Bachelor in America Pageant on Fox in 2000, fatal Error is a TBS premiere movie adaptation of his second book, Reaper, starring Antonio Sabato, Jr. and Robert Wagner. Skin was originally written as an X-Files episode, rigged was optioned by Mark Cubans 2929 as well as Q, a work of fiction by Mezrich. Ugly Americans has been optioned by Summit, with a written by Robert Schenkkan, Pulitzer Prize-winning writer of The Quiet American. Official website Ben Mezrich at the Internet Movie Database Poker Moments Interview, September 24,2010 Appearances on C-SPAN In Depth interview with Mezrich, November 6,2011

Ben Mezrich
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Mezrich in 2011

25.
Bringing Down the House (book)
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Bringing Down the House, The Inside Story of Six MIT Students Who Took Vegas for Millions is a book by Ben Mezrich about a group of MIT card counters commonly known as the MIT Blackjack Team. The book was adapted into the movie 21, the books main character is Kevin Lewis, an MIT graduate who was invited to join the MIT Blackjack Team in 1993. Lewis was recruited by two of the top players, Jason Fisher and Andre Martinez. The team was financed by a character named Micky Rosa. This new team was the most profitable yet, personality conflicts and card counting deterrent efforts at the casinos eventually ended this incarnation of the MIT Blackjack Team. Although not revealed in the book, Kevin Lewiss real name is Jeff Ma, Ma has since gone on to found a fantasy sports company called Citizen Sports. Mezrich acknowledges that Lewis is the major character based on a single, real-life individual. Nonetheless, Lewis does things in the book that Ma himself says did not occur, one of the leaders of the team, Jason Fisher, is modeled in part after Mike Aponte. After his professional card counting career, Aponte went on to win the 2004 World Series of Blackjack, Mike also has his own blog. The teams principal leader, Micky Rosa is a character based primarily on Bill Kaplan, JP Massar. Bill Kaplan founded and led the MIT Blackjack Team in the 1980s and co-managed the team with Massar and Chang from 1992 to 1993, during which time Jeff Ma joined the then nearly 80 person team. Chang has questioned the veracity, telling The Boston Globe, I dont even know if you want to call the things in there exaggerations. Whether the MIT Blackjack Team was founded, in the 1980s is in dispute. In its March 2008 edition, Boston magazine ran an article investigating long-lingering claims that the book was substantially fictional, the Boston Globe followed up with a more detailed story on April 6,2008. Mezrich not only exaggerated freely, according to sources for both articles, but invented whole parts of the story, including some events in the book that never happened to anyone. The book contains the following disclaimer, The names of many of the characters and locations in this book have changed, as have certain physical characteristics. Some of the events and characters are composites of several individual events or persons. This disclaimer allows broad leeway to take real events and real people, but Mezrich went further, both articles say

Bringing Down the House (book)
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Bringing Down the House: The Inside Story of Six MIT Students Who Took Vegas for Millions

26.
Ayaan Hirsi Ali
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Ayaan Hirsi Ali is a Somali-born Dutch-American activist, author, and former Dutch politician. She is an opponent of female genital mutilation and is an atheist, in 2003, Hirsi Ali was elected a member of the House of Representatives, representing the Peoples Party for Freedom and Democracy. A political crisis related to the validity of her Dutch citizenship led to her resignation from parliament, Hirsi Ali has been a vocal critic of Islam, calling for a reformation of the religion. In 2004, she collaborated on a movie with Theo van Gogh, entitled Submission. The film sparked controversy, which resulted in threats against the two and the eventual assassination of Van Gogh later that year by Mohammed Bouyeri, a second-generation migrant from Morocco. In a 2007 interview, she described Islam as an enemy that needs to be defeated before peace can be achieved, in her latest book Heretic she moderated her views of Islam and now calls for a reform of the religion by supporting reformist Muslims. In 2005, Hirsi Ali was named by Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world, Hirsi Ali has published two autobiographies, in 2006 and 2010. Hirsi Ali emigrated to the United States, where she was a fellow of the American Enterprise Institute and she founded the womens rights organization the AHA Foundation. She became a U. S. citizen in 2013 and that year was made a fellow at the Kennedy Government School at Harvard University and she is married to Scottish historian and public commentator Niall Ferguson. Ayaan was born in 1969 in Mogadishu, Somalia and her father, Hirsi Magan Isse, was a prominent member of the Somali Salvation Democratic Front and a leading figure in the Somalian Revolution. Shortly after she was born, her father was imprisoned owing to his opposition to the Siad Barre government, according to Hirsi Ali, she was fortunate that her grandmother could not find a woman to do the procedure, as the mutilation was much milder when performed by men. After her father escaped from prison, he and the family left Somalia in 1977, going to Saudi Arabia and then to Ethiopia, before settling in Nairobi, There he established a comfortable upper-class life for them. Hirsi Ali attended the English-language Muslim Girls Secondary School, by the time she reached her teens, Saudi Arabia was funding religious education in numerous countries and its religious views were becoming influential among many Muslims. A charismatic religious teacher, trained under this aegis, joined Hirsi Alis school, Hirsi Ali said later that she had long been impressed by the Quran and had lived by the Book, for the Book throughout her childhood. She sympathised with the views of the Islamist Muslim Brotherhood, and this was unusual at the time but has become more common among some young Muslim women. At the time, she agreed with the fatwa proclaimed against British Indian writer Salman Rushdie in reaction to the portrayal of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in his novel The Satanic Verses. After completing secondary school, Hirsi Ali attended a course at Valley Secretarial College in Nairobi for one year. As she was growing up, she also read English-language adventure stories, such as the Nancy Drew series, Hirsi Ali arrived in the Netherlands in 1992

27.
Infidel (book)
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Infidel is the autobiography of Ayaan Hirsi Ali, a Somali-Dutch activist and politician. Hirsi Ali has attracted controversy and death threats were made against Ali in the early 2000s, the book ends with a discussion of the controversy regarding her application for asylum and status of her citizenship. The launch of the book in the Netherlands was considered a success, a review in de Volkskrant concluded that anyone who discovers Hirsi Alis tumultuous history can only sympathise with her. The German edition of the book, Mein Leben, meine Freiheit, the book was also well received upon the release of the English edition in 2007. Reviewing the book for The Sunday Times, Christopher Hitchens called it a remarkable book, Hitchens provided a foreword to the 2008 paperback edition. The Pulitzer Prize-winning author Anne Applebaum, writing in The Washington Post, said Infidel is a book, Ayaan Hirsi Ali is a unique writer. A review in The New York Times described the book as a brave, inspiring, in an interview, Newsweek editor Fareed Zakaria described it as an amazing book by an amazing person. Reporter Lorraine Ali in Newsweek magazine gave the book a negative review and she said that Hirsi Ali is more a hero among Islamophobes than Islamic women. She also said that Hirsi sounds as single-minded and reactionary as the zealots shes worked so hard to oppose, German, see also German page about Ayaan Hirsi Ali. For other translations see Languages in sidebar, defiant Infidel, An Interview with Ayaan Hirsi Ali on the AEI website. Excerpts Introduction Chapter 1 Edited excerpt Reviews Sandip Roy, no Rest for a Feminist Fighting Radical Islam. A voice that not be silenced. Out of Europe, Infidel, by Ayaan Hirsi Ali, a Muslim woman, her leadership and its costs. Infidel - An interview with Ayaan Hirsi Ali, how Infidel Hirsi Ali Rejected Islam, Survived Death Threats. Critic of Islam finds new home in U. S, enter the Dutch Infidel, Faithful to Herself

Infidel (book)
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Infidel: My Life

28.
Robert Draper
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Robert Draper is an American journalist and author of, most recently, Do Not Ask What Good We Do, Inside the U. S. House of Representatives. He is a correspondent for GQ and a contributor to The New York Times Magazine, previously, he worked for Texas Monthly. Draper attended Westchester High School in Houston, Texas and he is the grandson of Leon Jaworski, who served as a special prosecutor during the Watergate scandal. Draper was active in high school debate and he attended the University of Texas at Austin where he majored in the Plan II Honors program and wrote for the university newspaper The Daily Texan. After graduation from the University of Texas at Austin, Draper wrote for the Austin Chronicle, in 1991, Draper joined the staff of the Texas Monthly He later became a contributing writer to National Geographic, GQ and The New York Times Magazine. Draper is the author of Dead Certain, The Presidency of George W. Bush, the New York Times reviewed the book, writing that it gives the reader an intimate sense of the president’s personality and how it informs his decision making. He has also written Rolling Stone Magazine, The Uncensored History, and a novel, Hadrians Walls, published in 1999, which The New York Times called deft and occasionally ingenious. In April 2012, Draper published Do Not Ask What Good We Do, Inside the U. S. House of Representatives, on November 16,2016, fellow journalist Kirsten Powers announced her engagement to Draper. Rolling stone magazine, the uncensored history, Hadrians walls, Knopf,1999, ISBN9780375403699 Dead Certain, The Presidency of George W. Bush. Do Not Ask What Good We Do, Inside the U. S. House of Representatives, when the Tea Party Came to Town, Inside the U. S. House of Representatives Most Combative, Dysfunctional, and Infuriating Term in Modern History. The go-between, the Mexican actress who dazzled El Chapo, robert Draper Profile in the Austin Chronicle, Writer at Large, May 14,1999 Jonathan Karl in The Wall Street Journal on Do Not Ask What Good We Do Author Had Rare Access to Bush for Dead Certain. Kathleen Parker Fetes Brash Author in Georgetown Home, Hems and Haws about Eliot Spitzer

Robert Draper
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Robert Draper in 2007

29.
Dead Certain: The Presidency of George W. Bush
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Dead Certain, The Presidency of George W. Bush is a 2007 book by Robert Draper. The book tells the story of the George W. Bush Administration from 2001 to 2007, Draper wanted to tell the story of the Bush White House with an inside perspective. To this end, and in preparation for writing the book and he also personally interviewed Laura Bush, Dick Cheney, Donald Rumsfeld, Condoleezza Rice, Karl Rove, and about 200 other individuals. Quote from Jon Stewart on The Daily Show regarding the book in an appearance by Robert Draper on September 12,2007, It is the most unvarnished, natural, uh, he was either disarmed by you, or didnt think you were writing this stuff down. Quote from Roger Ebert on Bushs plans after the presidency, President George W. Bush confided some of his plans for retirement. Bush told Draper, Ill give some speeches to replenish the ol coffers -- I dont know what my dad gets, its more than $50, 000-$75,000 per speech -- Clintons making a lot of money. In another interview, Bush noted Clintons recent work with the U. N. and said that after he retired, You wont catch me hanging around the U. N. Amazon. com

Dead Certain: The Presidency of George W. Bush
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Dead Certain

30.
Melville House Publishing
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Melville House Publishing is an independent publisher of literary fiction, non-fiction, and poetry. The company was founded in 2001 by the husband and wife team of Dennis Loy Johnson and Valerie Merians in Hoboken, New Jersey, neither Johnson nor Merians had a background in publishing. com. In 2008 Melville House moved to DUMBO, Brooklyn, to a location that combines a glass-wall bookstore with their offices, the opening was on January 19,2008. Melville House has attracted authors from larger establishment presses. In late 2007, Johnson announced the company had signed Nobel Prize-winner Imre Kertész from his publisher, Knopf. Soon after, he announced Paul Berman had left Norton to publish with Melville House, the company is known for books of leftist political reportage, titles in translation, and avant-garde fiction. Melville House has won several AIGA awards for its cover and interior designs, unlike most small publishers, Melville House has an in-house designer. Until 2007, Dave Konopka designed all of the companys books and he left Melville House when his band, Battles, grew in popularity. Currently, the position is held by the team of Kelly Blair. In 2016, Melville House published The Making of Donald Trump by Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist David Cay Johnston, Johnston said that Melville House had adopted technology more effectively than his previous print publishers, and as a result he was able to get the book out in 27 days. Melville House has also become well-known for publishing books in several series, roberto Bolaño, and Oliver Sacks, among others

Melville House Publishing
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Melville House Publishing

31.
New York Times
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The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18,1851, by The New York Times Company. The New York Times has won 119 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper, the papers print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind The Wall Street Journal, and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the US. The New York Times is ranked 18th in the world by circulation, following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The New York Times has long been regarded within the industry as a newspaper of record. The New York Times international version, formerly the International Herald Tribune, is now called the New York Times International Edition, the papers motto, All the News Thats Fit to Print, appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page. On Sunday, The New York Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review, The New York Times Book Review, The New York Times Magazine and T, some other early investors of the company were Edwin B. Morgan and Edward B. We do not believe that everything in Society is either right or exactly wrong, —what is good we desire to preserve and improve, —what is evil, to exterminate. In 1852, the started a western division, The Times of California that arrived whenever a mail boat got to California. However, when local California newspapers came into prominence, the effort failed, the newspaper shortened its name to The New-York Times in 1857. It dropped the hyphen in the city name in the 1890s, One of the earliest public controversies it was involved with was the Mortara Affair, the subject of twenty editorials it published alone. At Newspaper Row, across from City Hall, Henry Raymond, owner and editor of The New York Times, averted the rioters with Gatling guns, in 1869, Raymond died, and George Jones took over as publisher. Tweed offered The New York Times five million dollars to not publish the story, in the 1880s, The New York Times transitioned gradually from editorially supporting Republican Party candidates to becoming more politically independent and analytical. In 1884, the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland in his first presidential campaign, while this move cost The New York Times readership among its more progressive and Republican readers, the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years. However, the newspaper was financially crippled by the Panic of 1893, the paper slowly acquired a reputation for even-handedness and accurate modern reporting, especially by the 1890s under the guidance of Ochs. Under Ochs guidance, continuing and expanding upon the Henry Raymond tradition, The New York Times achieved international scope, circulation, in 1910, the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began. The New York Times first trans-Atlantic delivery by air to London occurred in 1919 by dirigible, airplane Edition was sent by plane to Chicago so it could be in the hands of Republican convention delegates by evening. In the 1940s, the extended its breadth and reach. The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942, and the section in 1946

New York Times
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Cover of The New York Times (November 15, 2012), with the headline story reporting on Operation Pillar of Defense.
New York Times
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The Times Square Building, The New York Times ‍ '​ publishing headquarters, 1913–2007
New York Times
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The New York Times newsroom, 1942
New York Times
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A speech in the newsroom after announcement of Pulitzer Prize winners, 2009

32.
The New York Times
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The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18,1851, by The New York Times Company. The New York Times has won 119 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper, the papers print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind The Wall Street Journal, and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the US. The New York Times is ranked 18th in the world by circulation, following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The New York Times has long been regarded within the industry as a newspaper of record. The New York Times international version, formerly the International Herald Tribune, is now called the New York Times International Edition, the papers motto, All the News Thats Fit to Print, appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page. On Sunday, The New York Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review, The New York Times Book Review, The New York Times Magazine and T, some other early investors of the company were Edwin B. Morgan and Edward B. We do not believe that everything in Society is either right or exactly wrong, —what is good we desire to preserve and improve, —what is evil, to exterminate. In 1852, the started a western division, The Times of California that arrived whenever a mail boat got to California. However, when local California newspapers came into prominence, the effort failed, the newspaper shortened its name to The New-York Times in 1857. It dropped the hyphen in the city name in the 1890s, One of the earliest public controversies it was involved with was the Mortara Affair, the subject of twenty editorials it published alone. At Newspaper Row, across from City Hall, Henry Raymond, owner and editor of The New York Times, averted the rioters with Gatling guns, in 1869, Raymond died, and George Jones took over as publisher. Tweed offered The New York Times five million dollars to not publish the story, in the 1880s, The New York Times transitioned gradually from editorially supporting Republican Party candidates to becoming more politically independent and analytical. In 1884, the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland in his first presidential campaign, while this move cost The New York Times readership among its more progressive and Republican readers, the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years. However, the newspaper was financially crippled by the Panic of 1893, the paper slowly acquired a reputation for even-handedness and accurate modern reporting, especially by the 1890s under the guidance of Ochs. Under Ochs guidance, continuing and expanding upon the Henry Raymond tradition, The New York Times achieved international scope, circulation, in 1910, the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began. The New York Times first trans-Atlantic delivery by air to London occurred in 1919 by dirigible, airplane Edition was sent by plane to Chicago so it could be in the hands of Republican convention delegates by evening. In the 1940s, the extended its breadth and reach. The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942, and the section in 1946

The New York Times
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Cover of The New York Times (November 15, 2012), with the headline story reporting on Operation Pillar of Defense.
The New York Times
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First published issue of New-York Daily Times, on September 18, 1851.
The New York Times
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The Times Square Building, The New York Times ‍ '​ publishing headquarters, 1913–2007
The New York Times
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The New York Times newsroom, 1942

33.
USA Today
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USA Today is an internationally distributed American daily middle-market newspaper that serves as the flagship publication of its owner, the Gannett Company. Founded by Al Neuharth on September 15,1982, it operates from Gannetts corporate headquarters on Jones Branch Drive in McLean, Virginia and it is printed at 37 sites across the United States and at five additional sites internationally. USA Today is distributed in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, with an international edition distributed in Canada, Asia and the Pacific Islands, Gannett formally announced the launch of the paper on April 20,1982. USA Today began publishing on September 15,1982, initially launching in the Baltimore and Washington, on July 2,1984, the newspaper switched from a largely black-and-white to a color publication, featuring full color photography and graphics in all four sections. On April 8,1985, the paper published its first special bonus section, a 12-page section called Baseball 85, on May 6,1986, USA Today began printing production of its international edition in Switzerland. On April 15, USA Today launched an international printing site. On August 28,1995, an international publishing site was launched in Frankfurt, Germany, to print. On October 4,1999, USA Today began running advertisements on its front page for the first time. The paper launched a sixth printing site for its international edition on May 15,2000, in Milan, Italy, followed on July 10 by the launch of a printing facility in Charleroi. That November, USA Today migrated its operations from Gannetts previous corporate headquarters in Arlington, in 2010, USA Today launched the USA Today API for sharing data with partners of all types. On August 27,2010, USA Today announced that it would undergo a reorganization of its newsroom and it also announced that the paper would shift its focus away from print and place more emphasis on its digital platforms and launch of a new publication called USA Today Sports. On September 14,2012, USA Today underwent the first major redesign in its history, to accomplish this goal, Gannett migrated its newspaper and television station websites to the Presto platform and the USA Today site design throughout 2013 and 2014. On January 4,2014, USA Today acquired the book and film review website, on September 3,2014, USA Today announced that it would lay off roughly 70 employees in a restructuring of its newsroom and business operations. In October 2014, USA Today and OpenWager Inc. entered into a partnership to release a Bingo app called USA TODAY Bingo Cruise, USA Today is known for synthesizing news down to easy-to-read-and-comprehend stories. In the main edition circulated in the United States and some Canadian cities, each consists of four sections, News, Money, Sports. The international edition of the paper features two sections, News and Money in one, with Sports and Life in the other, atypical of most daily newspapers, the paper does not print on Saturdays and Sundays, the Friday edition serves as the weekend edition. USA Today prints each complete story on the front page of the section with the exception of the cover story. The cover story is a story that requires a jump

USA Today
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The April 14, 2015 front page of USA Today. The blue circle of the logo has been turned into a dotted ring with a hat being tossed into it to signify Marco Rubio'sannouncement that he is running for President of the United States.
USA Today
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USA Today
USA Today
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This February 5, 2009 issue of USA Today shows the old layout and logo of the paper prior to it being redesigned in 2012.
USA Today
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USA Today is headquartered in Tysons Corner, Virginia.

34.
Penguin Random House
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Penguin Random House is a company formed by the merger of book publishers Random House, and Penguin Group. Penguin Random House markets itself as the worlds first truly global trade book publisher, Penguin Random House comprises the adult and children’s fiction and nonfiction print and digital trade book publishing businesses of Penguin and Random House in the U. S. U. K. Penguin Random House employs more than 10,000 people globally across five continents and it comprises almost 250 editorially and creatively independent imprints and publishing houses that collectively publish more than 15,000 new titles annually. Its publishing lists include more than 70 Nobel Prize laureates and hundreds of the world’s most widely read authors, the creation of the company has been referred to as the publishing industrys response to the increasing dominance of Amazon. com in the book market. PRH relaunched Book Country, Penguins languishing online unit in July 2013 and this buttresses the existing Universal subsidiary Focus Features deal with Random House Films. Haines would report to PRH Children’s managing director, Francesca Dow, in November 2015, Pearson announced that it would rebrand and completely focus on its education division. Pearson will likely sell its share in Penguin Random House, though Pearson CEO John Fallon estimates that the company will wait until at least 2017, DK was founded in London in 1974 and is a leading reference publisher focusing on highly visual non-fiction for adults and children. Imprints under DK include Alpha, Prima Games and Rough Guides, Alpha Books produces the Complete Idiots Guides, Prima Games publishes video game strategy guides, and Rough Guides publishes travel guides. As of 2015 DK also has a number of official publishing relationships with Angry Birds, Lego, Marvel, Crown Publishing was founded in 1933 as the Outlet Book Company and became the nations leading remainder house but is now a publisher of fiction and narrative non-fiction. Amphoto Books is a publisher of photography books, broadway books was founded in 1996 as part of Bantam Doubleday Dell and is the now the paperback imprint of Crown. Clarkson Potter is a publisher and includes cookbooks, illustrated gift books. Crown Archetype is a publisher of pop-culture titles, while Crown Business publishes business. Harmony Books focuses on self-help titles, hogarth is a partnership between Crown in the U. S. and Windus in the UK and the imprin focuses on new generation literary talent. Convergent, Image Catholic Books, Multnomah Books, and Waterbrook Multnomah, pam Krauss Books was founded in 1915 to focus on culinary, food and healthy sustainable lifestyles. Ten Speed Press which joined Crown in 2009 is a West Coast publisher of nonfiction, tim Duggan Books was founded in 2014 to and focuses on storytelling across genres. Watson Guptill was founded in 1937 but now as part of Ten Speed Press i publishes illustrated Art books. Imprints under Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group include Alfred A. Knopf, Doubleday, Pantheon, Schocken, Vintage Books, Anchor Books, Vintage Español, Black Lizard, Nan A. Talese and Everymans Library. Alfred A. Knopf was founded one hundred years ago in 1915 by Alfred A. Knopf, Sr

Penguin Random House
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Penguin Random House

35.
Penguin Books
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Penguin Books is a British publishing house. It was founded in 1935 by Sir Allen Lane as a line of the publishers The Bodley Head, Penguins success demonstrated that large audiences existed for serious books. Penguin also had a significant impact on public debate in Britain, through its books on British culture, politics, the arts, and science. Penguin Books is now an imprint of the worldwide Penguin Random House and it is one of the largest English-language publishers, formerly known as the Big Six, now the Big Five. The first Penguin paperbacks were published in 1935, but at first only as an imprint of The Bodley Head with the books originally distributed from the crypt of Holy Trinity Church Marylebone, Penguin Books has its registered office in the City of Westminster, London, England. However the question of how publishers could reach a larger public had been the subject of a conference at Rippon Hall, inexpensive paperbacks did not initially appear viable to Bodley Head, since the deliberately low price of 6d. This helped Allen Lane purchase publication rights for some works more cheaply than he otherwise might have done since other publishers were convinced of the short term prospects of the business. By March 1936, ten months after the launch on 30 July 1935. It was Frost who in 1945 was entrusted with the reconstruction of Penguin Inc after the departure of its first managing director Ian Ballantine, from the outset, design was essential to the success of the Penguin brand. In the central panel, the author and title were printed in Gill Sans. The initial design was created by the then 21-year-old office junior Edward Young, series such as Penguin Specials and The Penguin Shakespeare had individual designs. Lane actively resisted the introduction of images for several years. Some recent publications of literature from that time have duplicated the original look, from 1937 and on, the headquarters of Penguin Books was at Harmondsworth west of London and so it remained until the 1990s when a merge with Viking involved the head office moving to London. Paper rationing was the problem of publishers during wartime, with the fall of France cutting off supply of esparto grass. This was particularly advantageous to Penguin who as a volume printer had enjoyed a successful year that year. Further in a deal with the Canadian Government, Penguin had agreed to publish editions for their armed forces for which they were paid in tons of paper. Penguin would receive 60 tons a month from Paper Supply in return for 10 titles a month in runs of 75,000 at 5d, however demand was exceeding supply on the home front leading Lane to seek a monopoly on army books made specifically for overseas distribution. This dominance over the paper supply put Penguin in a strong position after the war as rationing continued

36.
Puffin Books
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Puffin Books is the childrens imprint of British publishers Penguin Books. Since the 1960s it has been among the largest publishers of books in the UK. Lane saw the potential, and the first of the book series were published the following year. The name Puffin was a companion to the existing Penguin. Many continued to be reprinted right into the 1970s, a fiction list soon followed, when Puffin secured the paperback rights to Barbara Euphan Todds 1936 story Worzel Gummidge and brought it out as the first Puffin story book in 1941. S. Lewis and Charlottes Web by E. B. White, many different genres featured in the list, e. g. In 1961, Kaye Webb became Puffins second editor, as a boom began in childrens publishing, the books were promoted with flair through the Puffin Club, started by Kaye Webb in 1967 with the promise to Allen Lane that It will make children into book readers. Colony Holidays ran Childrens Literature Summer Camps for members of the Puffin Book Club, Webb continued as editor until 1979, and the 1970s saw Puffin further advance its position with hits such as Charlie and the Chocolate Factory by Roald Dahl and Watership Down by Richard Adams. The range of Picture Puffins, introduced in the late 1960s for younger children, the 1980s saw Puffin taking full advantage of popular culture with film tie-in publishing, forming close links with Disney and other production companies. It was at time that Steve Jackson and Ian Livingstone introduced the concept of adventure gamebooks to Puffin which grew into the Fighting Fantasy phenomenon. The 1980s also saw the launch of the Puffin Plus line of adult fiction. In 2010, the young adult line was relaunched as Razorbill, Puffin Post was a childrens books magazine published by Puffin Books. It was launched in 1967 by Kaye Webb, editor of Puffin Books and it declined after Webb retired in 1982, but was relaunched in 2009 through the bookseller The Book People as a bi-monthly magazine. So much is done online and through media, and Penguin and Puffin are very good at that. Puffin Post is an expensive way of getting to consumers. The magazine contained a mix of stories, jokes, interviews, competitions and quizzes, at its height, it had more than 200,000 readers. Prior to 1982, contributors to the magazine included well-known authors such as Alan Garner, Roald Dahl, Joan Aiken, Leon Garfield, after the 2009 re-launch, contributors included Charlie Higson, Cathy Cassidy and Michael Morpurgo. UK childrens book publishers List of largest UK book publishers Phil Baines, the History of Puffin History of Puffin in the USA Puffin Books checklist

Puffin Books
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Puffin Books

37.
Riverhead Books
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Riverhead Books is a division of Penguin Group founded in 1993 by Susan Petersen Kennedy. Pink, Steven Johnson, Jon Ronson, and James McBride, authors published by Riverhead won the Dayton Literary Peace Prize for four out of its first six years. Four authors won MacArthur Genius Grants, many writers Riverhead has published have given TED Talks, four authors were included in the New Yorkers 20 under 40 list of young fiction writers. As of 2015 the publisher of Riverhead was Geoffrey Kloske, current company officers are listed on the Penguin Group website. Riverhead Books website Penguin Group Riverhead web page Riverhead on Twitter Riverhead Books on Facebook

Riverhead Books
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Riverhead Books

38.
Viking Press
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Viking Press is an American publishing company now owned by Penguin Random House. It was founded in New York City on March 1,1925, by Harold K. Guinzburg and George S. Oppenheim and then acquired by the Penguin Group in 1975. The firms name and logo—a Viking ship drawn by Rockwell Kent—were meant to evoke the ideas of adventure, exploration, the house has been home to many prominent authors of fiction, non-fiction, and play scripts. Viking publishes approximately 100 books a year and it is notable for publishing both successful commercial fiction and acclaimed literary fiction and non-fiction, and its paperbacks are most often published by Penguin Books. Vikings current president is Brian Tart, the Viking Childrens Book department was established in 1933, its founding editor was May Massee. Viking Kestrel was one of its imprints and its paperbacks are published by Puffin Books, which includes the Speak and Firebird imprints. From 2012 and as of 2016, Viking Childrens publisher is Kenneth Wright, jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Consulting Editor Viking Press history at Penguin Viking Childrens Books history at Penguin

Viking Press
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Viking Press

39.
Signet Books
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The New American Library is an American publisher based in New York, founded in 1948. Its initial focus was affordable paperback reprints of classics and scholarly works, as well as popular and pulp fiction but now publishes trade and it is currently an imprint of Penguin Random House, it was announced in 2015 that the imprint would publish only nonfiction titles. New American Library began life as Penguin U. S. A. enoch served as president of New American Library from 1947-1965. He later served as head of Book Publishing at Times Mirror, nALs productions were not limited to softbound reprints. Original works of mystery, romance, and adventure proved to be profitable, in 1963 the company began publishing hard-copy original publications, such as the immensely popular James Bond 007 series written by Ian Fleming. These paperbound books included subjects in the humanities, the arts, and it also published at least two notable magazines in book form, New World Writing in the 1950s and early 1960s, and New American Review in the latter 1960s and early 1970s. NAL enjoyed great success, by 1965, its Mentor and Signet books annually sold over 50 million volumes, NAL became involved with the censorship trials when certain books were deemed inflammatory and subsequently banned. Victor Weybright was asked to testify before a 1952 House Committee that examined pornography, rather than accept government restrictions, Weybright endorsed a self-regulated censorship policy on the part of publishing companies. New York University Library received the NAL archive as a gift from the NAL in the spring of 1965, NAL witnessed several changes in ownership beginning in the 1960s. In 1960 Times Mirror of Los Angeles bought NAL, however, NAL continued to operate autonomously within the Mirror Company, in 1983 Odyssey Partners and Ira J. Hechler bought NAL from the Times Mirror Company for over $50 million. At the time of the sale New American Library had over 1 billion paperback books in print, in 1985 New American Library acquired E. P. Dutton, an independent hardcover and trade publisher, during this period there was pressure for paperback publishers to add hardcover divisions. NAL had started publishing hardcovers in 1980 with mixed success and determined that Dutton would give them an edge in that space, in 1987, the NAL was reintegrated back into the Penguin Publishing Company. Penguin had been purchased by Pearson PLC in 1970, in 2013, Pearson PLC merged Penguin with Bertelsmann owned Random House to form Penguin Random House. New American Library is currently part of the Penguin Publishing Group, in June 2015 it was announced by Penguin that starting in fall of 2016, Berkley would publish fiction titles while New American library would publish only non-fiction titles. According to Berkley/NAL Publishing Group president Leslie Gelbman this will delineate the two publishing lines and sharpen their publishing identities, imprints past and present have included, Meridian Mentor, non-fiction Mentor-Omega, featuring Catholic philosophers Mentor Executive Library, for businesspeople. Plume Signet Classics, paperback reprints of classics from Giovanni Boccaccio to Sinclair Lewis, accompanied by introductions and in newer editions, Signet Fiction Signet Science Signet Key, for young readers ages 10 to 14. At the time they broke away from Penguin Books, Signet and Mentor correlated to Penguins original imprints of Penguin, arthur Koestler Flannery OConnor George Orwell James Joyce Mickey Spillane William Faulkner New American Library, Signet, Onyx, Accent About NAL at Penguin Group

Signet Books
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New American Library

40.
Ace Books
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Ace Books is an American specialty publisher of science fiction and fantasy books. The company was founded in New York City in 1952 by Aaron A. Wyn and began as a publisher of mysteries. It soon branched out other genres, publishing its first science fiction title in 1953. This was successful, and science fiction titles outnumbered mysteries and westerns within a few years. Other genres also made an appearance, including nonfiction, gothic novels, media tie-in novelizations, Ace became known for the tête-bêche binding format used for many of its early books, although it did not originate the format. Most of the titles were published in this Ace Double format. Ace, along with Ballantine Books, was one of the science fiction publishers for its first ten years of operation. With the death of owner A. A. Wyn in 1967, however, two prominent editors, Donald A. Wollheim and Terry Carr, left in 1971, and in 1972 Ace was sold to Grosset & Dunlap. Despite financial troubles, there were further successes, particularly with the third Ace Science Fiction Specials series, further mergers and acquisitions resulted in the company becoming a part of Berkley Books. Ace then became an imprint of Penguin Group, editor Donald A. Wollheim was working at Avon Books in 1952, but disliked his job. While looking for work, he tried to persuade A. A. Wyn to begin a new paperback publishing company. Wyn was already a well-established publisher of books and pulp magazines under the name A. A. Wyns Magazine Publishers and his magazines included Ace Mystery and Ace Sports, and it is perhaps from these titles that Ace Books got its name. Wyn liked Wollheims idea but delayed for months, meanwhile, Wollheim was applying for other jobs. Pyramid mistakenly called Wyns wife Rose for a reference, thinking Wollheim had worked for her, when Rose told her husband that Wollheim was applying for another job, Wyn made up his mind, he hired Wollheim immediately as an editor. The first book published by Ace was a pair of mysteries bound tête-bêche, Keith Vinings Too Hot for Hell, backed with Samuel W. Taylors The Grinning Gismo, priced at 35 cents, with serial number D-01. A tête-bêche book has the two titles bound upside-down with respect to other, so that there are two front covers and the two texts meet in the middle. This format is regarded as an innovation of Aces, it was not. Books by established authors were often bound with those by lesser-known writers, the main drawback of the Ace Double format was that the two books had to fit a fixed page length, thus one or both novels might be cut or revised to fit

41.
Dorling Kindersley
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Dorling Kindersley is a British multinational publishing company specializing in illustrated reference books for adults and children in 62 languages. It is part of Penguin Random House, a publishing company jointly owned by Bertelsmann SE & Co. Bertelsmann owns 53% of the company and Pearson owns 47%, DK has offices in New York, Melbourne, London, Munich, New Delhi and Toronto. Dorling Kindersley was founded as a company by Christopher Dorling and Peter Kindersley in London in 1974. DK Inc. began publishing in the United States in 1991, in 1999 it overestimated the market for Star Wars books and was left with millions of unsold copies, resulting in crippling debt. As a direct result, DK was taken over the year by the Pearson PLC media company and made part of Penguin Group. DK has continued to sell Star Wars books after the takeover, in 2013 Bertelsmann and Pearson Completed a merger to form Penguin Random House. Bertelsmann owns 53% and Pearson 47% of the company, penguins trade publishing activity continued to include DK under the newly formed Penguin Random House. Dorling Kindersley publishes a range of titles internationally for adults and children, most of the companys books are produced by teams of editors and designers who work with freelance writers and illustrators. Some are endorsed by imprimaturs, well-known and respected such as the British Medical Association, the Royal Horticultural Society. Some DK books apparently produced by celebrity authors such as Carol Vorderman are actually ghostwritten by the companys own writers and editors, BradyGames is a publishing company in the United States operating as a DK imprint, which specializes in video game strategy guides, covering multiple video game platforms. It published their first strategy guide in November 1993 as a division of MacMillan Computer Publishing, in 1998, Simon & Schuster divested BradyGames as part of its educational division to Pearson PLC. BradyGames has grown to publish roughly 90-100 guides per year, on 1 June 2015, BradyGames merged with Prima Games, and future strategy guides made by the publishing company will be published under the Prima Games label. During the 1990s, the company published educational videos and a range of educational CD-ROMs under the brand DK Multimedia. During the late 1990s CD-ROMs were rebranded as DK Interactive Learning to reflect an emphasis toward the educational sector. The DK Online section of the business transferred into development work on the anglicised version of the Pearson Education KnowledgeBox product. In December 2010 DK opened an app store, selling digital versions of some of its books as well as products from other publishers, DK commenced publishing books aimed at teens with the release of Heads Up Psychology in May 2014 and further titles following every two to three months. Infographics, sidebars, and photos both create a visual layout and underscore the concepts discussed

42.
Penguin Classics
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Penguin Classics is an imprint published by Penguin Books, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House. They are published in varying editions throughout the world including in Australia, Canada, China, India, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The first Penguin Classic was E. V. Rieus translation of The Odyssey, published in 1946, Penguin Books has paid particular attention to the design of its books since recruiting German typographer Jan Tschichold in 1947. The early minimalist designs were modernised by Italian art director Germano Facetti, the new classics were known as Black Classics for their black covers, which also featured artwork appropriate to the topic and period of the work. This design was revised in 1985 to have pale yellow covers with a spine, colour-coded with a small mark to indicate language. In 2002, Penguin announced it was redesigning its entire catalogue, the redesign restored the black cover, adding a white stripe and orange lettering. The in-house text design department still exists, albeit smaller than formerly, and is managed by text designers Claire Mason and Lisa Simmonds. Recent design work includes the Penguin Little Black Classic series, Penguin Classics collaborated with Bill Amberg in 2008 in the design of six books. These books are bound in leather which was worked in a way that as the book is handled, the books also include their own leather bookmark, which is bound with the book title and author. It has been reported widely that the purpose for this approach by Penguin Classics is to target readers/collectors who would like a high-end book, within the broader category of Classics, Penguin has issued specialised series with their own designs. Some titles come with critical apparatus, Penguin 20th Century Classics, issued in the 1990s. They were folded into the Modern Classics imprint, presumably in 2000, 20th Century Classics feature full-page front cover art, with a light blue-and-white rear cover. These addenda were originally found in the Penguin Shakespeare editions of the 1930s, Popular Classics issued in the 1990s came with full cover art and a cream back, not unlike the Classics. Most Popular Classics reprinted in the 21st century have a plain and they were a response to Wordsworth Classics, a series of very cheap reprints which imitated Penguin in using black as its signature colour. The series echoes the style of the original Penguin Books, with smaller A-format size, the first 20 books were released in May 2016, and described by publishing director Simon Winder as a mix of the famous and the unjustly overlooked. In 2005, a collection of books in the series was sold on Amazon. com as The Penguin Classics Library Complete Collection. In 2005, the collection consisted of 1,082 different books, the collection weighed about 750 pounds and took about 77 linear feet of shelf space, laid end-to-end the books would reach about 630 feet. In 2008, Penguin Books published a complete annotated listing of all Penguin Classics titles in a paperback volume in the style of its Penguin Classics books

43.
Alfred A. Knopf
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Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. is a New York publishing house that was founded by Alfred A. Knopf Sr. in 1915. The publisher had a reputation for a pursuit of perfection and elegant taste and it was acquired by Random House in 1960 and is now part of the Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. The Knopf publishing house is associated with its borzoi colophon, which was designed by co-founder Blanche Knopf in 1925, Knopf was founded in 1915 by Alfred A. Knopf, Sr. with a $5,000 advance from his father. The first office was located in New Yorks Candler Building, the publishing house was officially incorporated in 1918, with Alfred Knopf as president, Blanche Knopf as vice-president, and Samuel Knopf as treasurer. Blanche and Alfred traveled abroad regularly and were known for publishing European, Asian, william A. Koshland joined the company in 1934, and worked with the firm for more than fifty years, rising to take the positions of President and Chairman of the Board. Blanche became President in 1957 when Alfred became Chairman of the Board, Alfred Knopf retired in 1972, becoming chairman emeritus of the firm until his death in 1984. Alfred Knopf also had a home in Purchase, New York. Beginning in 1920, Knopf also produced a chapbook, for the purpose of promoting new books, the Borzoi was published periodically over the years, the first being a hardback called the Borzoi and sometimes quarterly as the Borzoi Quarterly. In 1923 Knopf also started publishing periodicals, beginning with The American Mercury, founded by H. L. Mencken and George Jean Nathan, following the Good Neighbor policy, Blanche Knopf visited South America in 1942, so the firm could start producing texts from there. She was one of the first publishers to visit Europe after World War II and her trips, and those of other editors, brought in new writers from Europe, South America, and Asia. Alfred traveled to Brazil in 1961, which spurred a corresponding interest on his part in South America and their son, Alfred Pat Jr. was hired on as secretary and trade books manager after the war. In a 1957 advertisement in the Atlantic Monthly, Alfred A. Knopf published the Borzoi Credo, the credo includes a list of what Knopfs beliefs for publishing including the statement that he never published an unworthy book. Among a list of beliefs listed is the final one--I believe that magazines, movies, television, in 1960 Random House acquired Alfred A. Knopf. It is believed that the decision to sell was prompted by Alfred A. Knopf, Jr. leaving Knopf to found his own book company, Atheneum Books in 1959. While there have many notable editors at Knopf there have only been three editors-in-chief-- Alfred A. Knopf, Sr. Robert Gottlieb and Sonny Mehta. Knopf also employed literary scouts to good advantage, at least 17 Nobel Prize and 47 Pulitzer Prize winning authors have been published by Knopf, though they have also passed at times on subsequently notable books. Knopf books conclude with a page titled A Note on the Type. In addition, Knopf books date the year of the current printing on the title page

Alfred A. Knopf
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Alfred A. Knopf

44.
Doubleday (publisher)
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Doubleday is an American publishing company founded as Doubleday & McClure Company in 1897 that by 1947 was the largest in the United States. It published the work of mostly U. S. authors under a number of imprints, in 2009 Doubleday was merged with Knopf Publishing Group to form the Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. The firm was founded as Doubleday & McClure Company in 1897 by Frank Nelson Doubleday, one of their first bestsellers was The Days Work by Rudyard Kipling. Other authors published by the company in its early years include W. Somerset Maugham, theodore Roosevelt, Jr. later served as a vice-president of the company. In 1900, the company became Doubleday, Page & Company when Walter Hines Page joined as a new partner, in 1922, the founders son, Nelson Doubleday, joined the firm. In 1910, Doubleday, Page, and Co. moved its operations, the Doubleday company purchased much of the land on the east side of Franklin Avenue, and estate homes were built for many of its executives on Fourth Street. In 1916, company co-founder and Garden City resident Walter Hines Page was named Ambassador to Great Britain, in 1927, Doubleday merged with the George H. Doran Company, creating Doubleday, Doran, then the largest publishing business in the English-speaking world. In 1946, the company became Doubleday and Company, Nelson Doubleday, Jr. resigned as president, but continued as chairman of the board until his death on January 11,1949. Douglas Black took over and was president from 1946 to 1963, by 1947, Doubleday was the largest publisher in the US, with annual sales of over 30 million books. In 1980, the company bought the New York Mets baseball team and it defeated the Boston Red Sox to win the World Series in 1986 in a classic 7-game contest. The company had offices in London and Paris and wholly owned subsidiaries in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, with joint ventures in the UK and the Netherlands. Doubleday sold the company to Bertelsmann in 1986, and teamed up with minority owner Fred Wilpon to buy the Mets in his own name. In 1988, portions of the firm part of the Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group. In late 2008 and early 2009, the Doubleday imprint was merged with Knopf Publishing Group to form the Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, image Books, Catholic Books—still a Doubleday unit as part of Doubleday Religious Publishing Nan A. Talese/Doubleday, a literary imprint established in 1990. Talese, the publisher and editorial director, is a senior vice president of Doubleday

Doubleday (publisher)
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Doubleday

45.
Crown Publishing Group
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Formerly, the company also used the Bell Tower Press, Orion Books, and related imprints. However, these have now either been discontinued or transferred to other Random House units, Crown authors include Jean Auel, Max Brooks, George W. The company was founded in 1933 as the Outlet Book Company by Nat Wartels, auels The Clan of the Cave Bear and Alex Comforts The Joy of Sex in its early high-profile years. On 25 March 2015, a biography of Steve Jobs, Becoming Steve Jobs written by Brent Schlender. The Outlet Book Companys Crown Books remained an independent company until 1988 when it was purchased by Random House, Crown Books Bonanza Books Crown Archetype Crown Publishing Group website

Crown Publishing Group
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Crown Publishing Group

46.
Bantam Books
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Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House, it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It was formed in 1945 by Walter B, kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books and it expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions. The company was failing when Oscar Dystel, who had worked at Esquire. By the end of the year the company was profitable. Dystel retired as chairman in 1980, by that time Bantam was the largest publisher of paperbacks, had over 15% of the market, and exceeded US$100 million in sales. Bantam also published a volumes of short story adaptations of scripts from Star Trek. Bantam is the American paperback publisher of The Guinness Book of Records, another series was Bantam War Book from the 1970s to the 90s, with the majority of books from World War II, but also from Vietnam, Korea and other conflicts. Other series include Bantam Classics Series, the Bantam Spectra science fiction imprint, the juvenile Skylark imprint, authors originally published exclusively or significantly by Bantam include, Spock Must Die

Bantam Books
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Bantam Books

47.
Ballantine Books
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Ballantine Books is a major book publisher located in the United States, founded in 1952 by Ian Ballantine with his wife, Betty Ballantine. It was acquired by Random House in 1973, which in turn was acquired by Bertelsmann in 1998, ballantines logo is a pair of mirrored letter Bs back to back. The firms early editors were Stanley Kauffman and Bernard Shir-Cliff, following Fawcett Publications controversial 1950 introduction of Gold Medal paperback originals rather than reprints, Lion Books, Avon and Ace also decided to publish originals. When the first Ballantine Book, Cameron Hawleys Executive Suite was published in 1952, houghton Mifflin published the $3.00 hardcover at the same time Ballantine distributed its 35¢ paperback. By February 1953, Ballantine had sold 375,000 copies and was preparing to print 100,000 more, houghton Mifflin sold 22,000 hardback copies in its first printing. Ballantines sales soon totaled 470,000 copies, instead of hurting hardback sales as some predicted, the paperback edition instead gave the book more publicity. After the film rights were sold to MGM, Robert Wise directed the 1954 film, on the heels of that kind of sales and publicity, other Ballantine titles were seen in spinner racks across the country. During the early 1950s, Ballantine attracted attention as one of the publishers of paperback science fiction and fantasy. The Frederik Pohl and C. M. Kornbluth novel had first appeared in Galaxy Science Fiction under the title Gravy Planet, Kauffman scored when he acquired and edited Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451. Ballantines science fiction also included the unusual Star Science Fiction Stories. With cover paintings by Richard Powers, this anthology series offered new fiction rather than reprints. Edited by Frederik Pohl, it attracted readers by successfully combining the formats of both magazines and paperbacks. In the early 1960s, the company engaged in a rivalry with Ace Books for the rights to reprint the works of J. R. R. Tolkien. A separate Canadian edition of the books was published with different front cover art work, Tolkien asked for permission to add the back cover message. There was literally no publication that did not carry some kind of outraged article, and of course, the whole science fiction fraternity got behind the book, this was their meat and drink. In 1969, Lin Carter edited the Ballantine Adult Fantasy series, during the mid-1970s, Ballantine published the Star Trek Logs, a ten-volume series of Alan Dean Foster adaptations of the animated Star Trek. In 1968, Ballantine published a book related to Star Trek, The Making of Star Trek by Stephen E. Whitfield. After publishing The World of Lil Abner, Ballantine introduced Shel Silverstein in 1956 with his Grab Your Socks, collection of cartoons from Pacific Stars and Stripes

48.
Del Rey Books
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Del Rey Books is a branch of Ballantine Books, which is owned by Random House and, in turn, by Penguin Random House. It is a separate imprint established in 1977 under the editorship of author Lester del Rey and it specializes in science fiction and fantasy books, and formerly manga under its Del Rey Manga imprint. It publishes the Star Wars novels under the LucasBooks imprint, the earliest Del Rey listing in the Internet Speculative Fiction Database is the December 1976 fourth Ballantine paperback printing of A Prelude to Space by Arthur C. The first new book published by the imprint was The Sword of Shannara by Terry Brooks in 1977, Del Rey published The White Dragon by Anne McCaffrey in 1978, the third book in the original Dragonriders of Pern trilogy, along with new editions of the first two books. Since then it has been the first or first US publisher of 18 more Pern books by Anne or Todd McCaffrey, Del Rey novelized the Robotech series across over 20 books since 1987. Southern Victory series by Harry Turtledove, Del Rey is currently the publisher of the adult Star Wars novels while Disney-Lucasfilm Press deals with young reader Star Wars books. Del Rey novelized the popular game series Halo. Halo, The Fall of Reach Halo, The Flood Halo, First Strike Del Rey is the publisher for the Ghosts of Albion novels by Amber Benson, accursed Witchery A series of tie-in novels with the film Batman Begins was published throughout 2006 and 2007. Batman, Dead White Batman, Inferno Batman, Fear Itself A series of novelizations of the Spider-Man film franchise, Spider-Man Spider-Man 2 Spider-Man 3 A series of novelizations of the X-Men film franchise. X-Men X-Men 2 X-Men, The Last Stand Del Rey novelized the popular game series God of War. God of War God of War II Del Rey Books on Wookieepedia, a Star Wars wiki

Del Rey Books
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Del Rey Books

49.
Pantheon Books
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Pantheon Books is an American book publishing imprint with editorial independence. It is part of the Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, the current editor-in-chief at Pantheon Books is Dan Frank. In addition to classics, international fiction, and trade paperbacks and it has published many critically acclaimed graphic novels and comics collections, including Ice Haven, La Perdida, Read Yourself RAW, Maus, In the Shadow of No Towers, and Black Hole. Many of its comics publications are high-quality collected editions of works originally serialized by other such as Fantagraphics Books. Pantheon Books was founded in 1942 in New York City by Helen and Kurt Wolff who had come to the United States to escape fascism, Pantheon is currently part of Bertelsmann. When Random House bought Alfred A. Knopf in 1960, the front page of the New York Times reported that the merger united two of the nations most celebrated publishers of quality writing. The following year, Random House would buy Pantheon, which would be moved into the Knopf Publishing Group, also in 1961, Pantheon hired Andre Schiffrin as executive editor of Pantheon Books. By the late 1960s, Pantheon started to bring American writers such as Noam Chomsky, James Loewen, in 1965, RCA bought Random House. Throughout the 1970s, Pantheon continued to publish intellectual and often leftist works of fiction and nonfiction without a profit-and-loss sheet in sight, in other words, Pantheon editors prided themselves on subsidizing the cost of publishing less commercially successful works with the profits from more commercially successful books. In 1980, RCA sold Random House to Samuel Irving Newhouse, Jr. in early 2009, long-time Pantheon publisher Janice Goldklang was laid off as part of a general restructuring of Random House and its publishing divisions. Pantheon and Random House, which at the time was owned by SI Newhouse, were plagued with throughout the late 1980s. In December 1989, Alberto Vitale, a banker, replaced Robert L. Berstein as chairman. In February 1990, Schiffrin was asked to resign after he refused to reduce the number of titles published or to trim Pantheons 30-member staff. In the week following the protests,40 Random House editors and publishers signed a statement that defended the changes at Pantheon, stating, like Pantheon. We have never experienced it, nor do we believe that Pantheon has ever experienced it and we would not tolerate censorship of any form, and we are offended by any suggestion to the contrary. But, unlike Pantheon, we have preserved our independence and the independence of our authors by supporting the integrity of our publishing programs with fiscal responsibility, another supporter of Schiffrins termination wrote that the protests and resignations were a hilarious specimen of people intoxicated by self-importance. It also is a study of the descent of intellectuals leftism into burlesque. In 1998, Random House made news again when it was bought by Bertelsmann, the Authors Guild approached the Fair Trade Commission, arguing that the $1

Pantheon Books
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Pantheon Books

50.
Dial Press
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The Dial Press was a publishing house founded in 1923 by Lincoln MacVeagh. Dial Press shared a building with The Dial and Scofield Thayer worked with both, the first imprint was issued in 1924. In 1963, Dell Publishing Company acquired 60% of the Dial Press stock and it was jointly owned by Richard Baron and Dell Publishing, E. L. Doctorow was editor-in-chief. In 1969 the Dial Press became wholly owned by Dell Publishing Company, in 1976 Doubleday bought Dell Publishing and the childrens division of Dial Press was sold to E. P. Dutton. Dutton would be bought by New American Library, which in turn became a part of the Penguin Group, Doubleday dissolved Dial Press in 1985. The adult imprint was revived by Carole Baron the publisher of Dell at the part of Bantan/Doubleday/Dell under the leadership of Susan Kamil. It went on to gain awards and bestellers and it was bought when BDD was sold to Random House. Penguin and Random House merged in 2013, forming Penguin Random House, with the division part of Random House

Dial Press
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Dial Press

51.
Addison-Wesley
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Addison-Wesley is a publisher of textbooks and computer literature. It is an imprint of Pearson PLC, a global publishing, in addition to publishing books, Addison-Wesley also distributes its technical titles through the Safari Books Online e-reference service. Addison-Wesleys majority of sales derive from the United States and Europe, the Addison-Wesley Professional Imprint produces content including books, eBooks, and video for the professional IT worker including developers, programmers, managers, system administrators. Classic titles include The Art of Computer Programming, The C++ Programming Language, The Mythical Man-Month, Addison-Wesley Professional is also a partner with Safari Books Online. Its first computer book was Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer, by Wilkes, Wheeler, in 1977, Addison-Wesley acquired W. A. Benjamin Company, and merged it with the Cummings division of the company to form Benjamin Cummings. It was purchased by the publishing and education company, Pearson PLC in 1988. The trade publishing division of Addison-Wesley was sold to Perseus Books Group in 1997, Pearson acquired the educational division of Simon & Schuster in 1998, and merged it with Addison Wesley Longman to form Pearson Education and subsequently rebranded to Pearson in 2011. Pearson moved the former Addison Wesley Longman offices from Reading, Massachusetts to Boston in 2004 and its current executives hail from the original Addison-Wesley with a storied history of their own. Addison-Wesley Secondary Math, An Integrated Approach, Focus on Algebra The Art of Computer Programming by Donald Knuth The Feynman Lectures on Physics by Richard Feynman, Robert B. Leighton, and Matthew Sands Concrete Mathematics, A Foundation For Computer Science by Ronald Graham, Donald Knuth, exploratory data analysis by John W. Tukey, based on a course taught at Princeton. The Mythical Man-Month by Fred P. Brooks

Addison-Wesley
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Addison-Wesley

52.
Pocket Books
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Pocket Books is a division of Simon & Schuster that primarily publishes paperback books. Pocket Books produced the first mass-market, pocket-sized paperback books in America in early 1939, Pocket Books was founded by Richard L. Simon, M. Lincoln Schuster and Leon Shimkin, partners of Simon & Schuster, along with Robert de Graff. In 1944, the owners sold the company to Marshall Field III. Following Fields death, in 1957, Leon Shimkin, a Simon & Schuster partner, Simon & Schuster acquired Pocket in 1966. Penguins success inspired entrepreneur Robert de Graff, who partnered with publishers Simon & Schuster to bring it to the American market, the format size, and the fact that the books were glued rather than stitched, were cost-cutting innovations.5 million units. Robert de Graff continued to refine his selections with movie tie-ins and greater emphasis on mystery novels, particularly those of Christie, Pocket and its imitators thrived during World War II because material shortages worked to their advantage. During the war, Pocket sued Avon Books for copyright infringement, among other issues, in 1981, Dr. Benjamin Spocks Baby and Child Care was listed as their top seller having sold 28 million copies at that time and having been acquired in 1946. Pocket is still known for publishing works of fiction based on movies or TV series, such as the Star Trek franchise. The author credited for one of the Buffy products is Gertrude Pocket, Pocket Books is also the division that currently owns publication rights to the well-known work of James OBarr, The Crow. WWE Books Official Pocket Star eBooks website A history of the paperback

53.
HarperCollins
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The company is headquartered in New York City and is a subsidiary of News Corp. The worldwide CEO of HarperCollins is Brian Murray, HarperCollins has publishing groups in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and India and China. As of 2017 China provides as the source of manufacturing. The company publishes many different imprints, both former independent publishing houses and new imprints, in 1989, Collins was bought by Rupert Murdochs News Corporation, and the publisher was combined with Harper & Row, which NewsCorp had acquired two years earlier. In 1999, News Corporation purchased the Hearst Book Group, consisting of William Morrow & Company and these imprints are now published under the rubric of HarperCollins. HarperCollins bought educational publisher Letts and Lonsdale in March 2010, in 2011, HarperCollins announced they had agreed to acquire the publisher Thomas Nelson. The purchase was completed on July 11,2012, with an announcement that Thomas Nelson would operate independently given the position it has in Christian book publishing. Both Thomas Nelson and Zondervan were then organized as imprints, or keystone publishing programs, under a new division, key roles in the reorganization were awarded to former Thomas Nelson executives. Brian Murray, the current CEO of HarperCollins, succeeded Jane Friedman who was CEO from 1997 to 2008, notable management figures include Lisa Sharkey, current senior vice president and director of creative development and Barry Winkleman from 1989 to 1994. In April 2012, the United States Department of Justice filed United States v. Apple Inc. naming Apple, HarperCollins, the suit alleged that they conspired to fix prices for e-books, and weaken Amazon. coms position in the market, in violation of antitrust law. The Scranton, PA warehouse closed in September 2013 and a Nashville, TN warehouse, under the name Thomas Nelson, several office positions and departments continued to work for HarperCollins in Scranton, but in a new location. Company officials attribute the closings and mergers to the growing demand for e-book formats. HarperCollins maintains the backlist of many of the originally published by their many merged imprints. Authors published originally by Harper include Mark Twain, the Brontë sisters, authors published originally by Collins include H. G. Wells, Agatha Christie and J. R. R. Tolkien. This is a list of some of the more noted books, N. D. Gone, Clive Barker The Children of Húrin, J. R. R. R. R. They were the home of Maurice Sendak, Shel Silverstein. In 1998, Nordstroms personal correspondence was published as Dear Genius, The Letters of Ursula Nordstrom, Zolotow later became head of the Childrens Books Department, and went on to become the companys first female Vice-President. The Chronicles of Narnia series by C. S. Lewis, HarperCollins has published the following notable childrens books, the I Can Read

54.
Walden Pond
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Walden Pond is a lake in Concord, Massachusetts in the United States. A famous example of a hole, it was formed by retreating glaciers 10. The pond is protected as part of Walden Pond State Reservation, the Walden Pond Reservation is located south of Massachusetts Route 2 and west of Massachusetts Route 126 in Concord and Lincoln, Massachusetts. The reservation is 335 acres in size, and its feature is Walden Pond. A short way north of the pond the site of Thoreaus cabin is marked by a series of granite posts, portions of the ponds shore are beach, while other parts descend steeply to the water from trails that ring the pond. There are three buildings at the beach area at the southeastern shore of the pond. The reservations parking area is located across Route 126, and a ramped footpath descends from that roadway to the pond, the writer, transcendentalist, and philosopher Henry David Thoreau lived on the northern shore of the pond for two years starting in the summer of 1845. His account of the experience was recorded in Walden, or, Life in the Woods, the land at that end was owned by Thoreaus friend and mentor, Ralph Waldo Emerson, who let Thoreau use it for his experiment. Thoreau is credited with encouraging a respect for nature at an environmentally degraded site, the Concord Museum contains the bed, chair, and desk from Thoreaus cabin. Bostons Ice King, Frederic Tudor, harvested ice yearly on Walden Pond for export to the Caribbean, Europe, and India. In his journal, Thoreau philosophized upon the sight of Tudors ice harvesters, The sweltering inhabitants of Charleston and New Orleans, of Madras and Bombay and Calcutta. The pure Walden water is mingled with the water of the Ganges. An amusement park with swings, concession stands and an event hall, located at the end of the pond. Descendants of Emerson and other families deeded the land around the pond to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1922, in 1961, the Middlesex County Commissioners, then managing the land, proposed leveling a significant portion of the preserve for a parking lot and other improvements. An acre of woodland had been leveled for access to the beach when the Commissioners were sued to stop the destruction of the existing environment. Judge David A. Rose, sitting in the Massachusetts Superior Court, ruled that Walden’s deed donating the property to the Commonwealth required preservation of the land and barred further development. The decision received national recognition, and Judge Rose received hundreds of letters from children across the country thanking him for saving the land. Walden Pond became part of the parks system in 1975

Walden Pond
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Walden Pond
Walden Pond
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Walden in winter

55.
Harlequin Enterprises
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Harlequin Enterprises Limited is a Toronto-based company that publishes series romance and womens fiction. Harlequin was owned by the Torstar Corporation, the largest newspaper publisher in Canada and it was then purchased by News Corp and is now a division of HarperCollins. In May 1949, Harlequin was founded in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Palmer oversaw marketing for the new company and Richard Bonnycastle took charge of the production. The companys first product was Nancy Bruffs novel The Manatee, for its first few years, the company published a wide range of books, all offered for sale for 25 cents. Among the novels they reprinted were works by James Hadley Chase, Agatha Christie, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and their biggest success was Jean Plaidys Beyond the Blue Mountain. Of the 30,000 copies sold, only 48 were returned, although the new company had strong sales, profit margins were limited and the operation struggled to stay solvent. Following the death of Jack Palmer in the mid-1950s, Richard Bonnycastle acquired his 25% interest in Harlequin, still struggling to survive, soon Doug Weld departed and Richard Bonnycastle, now in full control, transferred Welds shares to key staff member, Ruth Palmour. In 1953, Harlequin began to publish medical romances, when the companys chief editor died the following year, Bonnycastles wife, Mary, took over his duties. The first Mills and Boon novel to be reprinted by Harlequin was Anne Vintons The Hospital in Buwambo, the contract with Mills and Boon was based solely on a handshake, given each year when Bonnycastle visited London. He would lunch at the Ritz Hotel with Alan Boon, the son of a Mills and Boon founder, Mary Bonnycastle and her daughter Judy Burgess exercised editorial control over which Mills and Boon novels were reprinted by Harlequin. They had a code and rejected more sexually explicit material that Mills. Upon realizing the genre was popular, Richard Bonnycastle finally decided to read a romance novel and he chose one of the more explicit novels and enjoyed it. On his orders, the company conducted a market test with the novel he had read and discovered that it outsold a similar, overall, intimacy in the novels never extended beyond a chaste kiss between the protagonists. The romances proved to be popular, and by 1964 the company was exclusively publishing Mills. Richard Bonnycastle died in 1968 and his son, Richard Bonnycastle and he immediately organized the 1969 relocation of operations to Toronto, Ontario where he would build the company into a major force in the publishing industry. In 1970, Bonnycastle, Jr. contracted with Pocket Books and Simon & Schuster to distribute the Mills, on October 1,1971, Harlequin purchased Mills and Boon. John Boon, another son, remained with the company. North American booksellers were reluctant to stock mass market paperbacks, and Harlequin chose to sell their books where the women are, distributing them in supermarkets, the company focuses on selling the line of books, rather than individual titles

56.
Harper Perennial
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Harper Perennial is a paperback imprint of the publishing house HarperCollins Publishers. Harper Perennial has divisions located in New York, London, Toronto, the imprint is descended from the Perennial Library imprint founded by Harper & Row in 1964. In Fall of 2005, Harper Perennial rebranded with a new logo, in the end matter, books often feature a brand-specific P. S. section that features extra material such as interviews, essays, etc. In November,2011, they released The Shakespeare Guide to Italy, Retracing the Bards Unknown Travels by Richard Paul Roe, Harper Perennial Home The Olive Reader, Harper Perennial Blog Harper Perennial Podcast Harper Perennial Myspace

Harper Perennial
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Harper Perennial

57.
Harper (publisher)
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Harper is an American publishing house, currently the flagship imprint of global publisher HarperCollins. James Harper and his brother John, printers by training, started their book publishing business J. & J. Harper in 1817 and their two brothers, Joseph Wesley Harper and Fletcher Harper, joined them in the mid-1820s. The company changed its name to Harper & Brothers in 1833, the headquarters of the publishing house were located at 331 Pearl Street, facing Franklin Square in Lower Manhattan. Harper & Brothers began publishing Harpers New Monthly Magazine in 1850, the brothers also published Harpers Weekly, Harpers Bazar, and Harpers Young People. George B. M. Harvey became president of Harpers on Nov.16,1899, Harpers New Monthly Magazine ultimately became Harpers Magazine, which is now published by the Harpers Magazine Foundation. Harpers Weekly was absorbed by The Independent in 1916, which in turn merged with The Outlook in 1928, Harpers Bazar was sold to William Randolph Hearst in 1913 and is now Bazaar, published by the Hearst Corporation. In 1924, Cass Canfield joined Harper & Brothers and held a variety of positions until his death in 1986. In 1925, Eugene F. Saxton joined the company as an editor, in 1935, Edward Aswell moved to Harper & Brothers as an assistant editor of general books and eventually became editor-in-chief. Aswell persuaded Thomas Wolfe to leave Scribners, and, after Wolfes death, edited the posthumous novels The Web and the Rock, You Cant Go Home Again, in 1962 Harper & Brothers merged with Row, Peterson & Company to become Harper & Row. Marshall Pickering was bought by Harper and Row in 1988, marshall Pickering itself was formed in 1981 from two long established Christian publishers. Marshall Morgan and Scott, a London-based predominantly Baptist publishing house, Pickering and Inglis was a long established Glasgow based publisher, publishing largely for the non conformist church in Scotland with many Brethren publications. Rupert Murdochs News Corporation acquired Harper & Row in 1987, the names of these two national publishing houses were combined to create HarperCollins, which has since expanded its international reach with further acquisitions of formerly independent publishers. The Harper imprint began being used in place of HarperCollins in 2007, after the purchase of Harper & Row by News Corporation, HarperCollins launched a new mass market paperback line to complement its existing trade paperback Perennial imprint. It was known as Harper Paperbacks from 1990 to 2000, HarperTorch from 2000 to 2006, the Harper Establishment, or, How a New York Publishing Giant Was Made. The brothers Harper, a publishing partnership and its impact upon the cultural life of America from 1817 to 1853 Eugene Exman, The House of Harper, NY, Harper & Row

58.
Ecco Press
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Ecco Press is a New York-based publishing imprint of HarperCollins. Ecco was founded in 1971 by Daniel Halpern as an independent publishing company, in 1999 it was acquired by HarperCollins, with Halpern remaining at the head. Since 2000, Ecco has published the yearly anthology The Best American Science Writing, in 2011, Ecco created two separate publishing lines curated by chef & author Anthony Bourdain and novelist Dennis Lehane. Halpern founded Ecco in 1971, originally to publish the literary magazine Antaeus, eccos name was suggested by Halperns initial backer, ketchup heiress Drue Heinz. In September 2011, Ecco announced that Anthony Bourdain would have his own publishing line, in describing the line, Bourdain said, This will be a line of books for people with strong voices who are good at something — who speak with authority. Discern nothing from this initial list — other than a general affection for people who cook food, the ability to kick people in the head is just as compelling to us — as long as thats coupled with an ability to vividly describe the experience. We are just as intent on crossing genres as we are enthusiastic about our first three authors and it only gets weirder from here. In October 2011, Ecco announced that Dennis Lehane would have his own publishing line. Literary fiction with an urban edge. ”One of the initial books in the line was Ivy Pochodas Visitation Street. Official website An interview with Ecco Press editor Matt Weiland

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Ecco Press

59.
Macmillan Publishers
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Macmillan Publishers Ltd is an international publishing company owned by Holtzbrinck Publishing Group. It has offices in 41 countries worldwide and operates in more than thirty others, Macmillan was founded in 1843 by Daniel and Alexander Macmillan, two brothers from the Isle of Arran, Scotland. Alfred Tennyson joined the list in 1884, Thomas Hardy in 1886, other major writers published by Macmillan included W. B. Chaudhuri, Seán OCasey, John Maynard Keynes, Charles Morgan, Hugh Walpole, Margaret Mitchell, C. P. Snow, Rumer Godden and Ram Sharan Sharma. Beyond literature, the company created such enduring titles as Nature, Macmillan established an office in New York City. It sold its American division in 1896, which published as the Macmillan Company, Macmillan Publishers re-entered the American market in 1954 under the name St. Martins Press. After retiring from politics in 1964, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Harold Macmillan became chairman of the company and he had been with the family firm as a junior partner from 1920 to 1940, and from 1945 to 1951 while he was in the opposition in Parliament. The company was one of the oldest independent publishing houses until 1995, Holtzbrinck purchased the remaining shares in 1999, ending the Macmillan familys ownership of the company. Even with the split of the American company from its parent company in England, George Brett, Jr. and he came to the United States with his family in the service of Macmillans of England and built up a business of approximately $50,000 before he died. By my father, who eventually incorporated The Macmillan Company of New York, I succeeded my father, and we currently doing a business of approximately $12,000,000. So then, the name of Brett and the name of Macmillan have been and are synonymous in the United States, pearson acquired the Macmillan name in America in 1998, following its purchase of the Simon & Schuster educational and professional group. Holtzbrinck purchased it from them in 2001, mcGraw-Hill continues to market its pre-kindergarten through elementary school titles under its Macmillan/McGraw-Hill brand. The US operations of Georg von Holtzbrinck are now known as Macmillan, one of the leading companies is Macmillan, that started by selling British English dictionaries and textbooks that were adapted for Russian readers. Their site website provides Russian teachers and students with an access for tests, competitions, contests and information on scheduled online seminars. By some estimates, as of 2009 e-books account for three to five per cent of total sales, and are the fastest growing segment of the market. Following the announcement of the Apple iPad on 27 January 2010—a product that comes with access to the iBookstore—Macmillan gave Amazon, in the latter case, Amazon. com would receive a 30 per cent commission. Amazon responded by pulling all Macmillan books, both electronic and physical, from their website, on 31 January 2010, Amazon chose the agency model preferred by Macmillan. In April 2012, the United States Department of Justice filed United States v. Apple Inc. naming Apple, Macmillan, the suit alleged that they conspired to fix prices for e-books, and weaken Amazon. coms position in the market, in violation of antitrust law

60.
Farrar, Straus and Giroux
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Farrar, Straus and Giroux is an American book publishing company, founded in 1946 by Roger W. Straus, Jr. and John C. FSG is known for publishing books, and its authors have won numerous awards, including Pulitzer Prizes, National Book Awards. The publisher is currently a division of MacMillan, whose parent company is the German publishing conglomerate Georg von Holtzbrinck Publishing Group, Farrar, Straus and Giroux was founded in 1946 by Roger W. Straus, Jr. and John C. The first years of existence were rough until they published the book, Look Younger. The book went on to sell 500,000 copies and Straus said that the book carried them along for awhile, in the early years, Straus and his wife Dorthea, went prospecting for books in Italy. It was there that they found the memoir Christ Stopped at Eboli by Carlo Levi and other rising Italian authors Alberto Moravia, Giovanni Guareschi, Robert Giroux joined the company in 1955 and after he later became a partner, the name was changed to Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Giroux had been working for Harcourt and had been angered when Harcourt refused to him to publish Salingers Catcher in the Rye. Giroux brought many literary authors with him including Thomas Merton, John Berryman, Robert Lowell, Flannery OConnor, Jack Kerouac, Peter Taylor, Randall Jarrell, T. S. Eliot, and Bernard Malamud. In 1964, Straus named Giroux chairman of the board and officially added Girouxs name to the publishing company, Straus offered FSG to the Holtzbrinck family because of their reputation for publishing serious works of literature. Jonathan Galassi is president and publisher, andrew Mandel joined in 2004 as deputy publisher. In 2008, Mitzi Angel came from Fourth Estate in the UK to be publisher of the Faber and Faber Inc. imprint, other notable editors include Sean McDonald, Ileene Smith, Alex Star, Amanda Moon, and Sarah Crichton. In February 2015 FSG and Faber and Faber announced the end of their partnership, all books scheduled for release and previously released under the imprint will be moved to the FSG colophon by August 2016. S. Its authors include David Auburn, Margaret Edson, Doug Wright, Richard Greenberg, Tom Stoppard, David Hare, Neil LaBute, Peter Conrad, Martin Eisenstadt, hill and Wang publishes books of academic interest and specializes in history. Its authors include Roland Barthes, William Cronon, Langston Hughes, Sarah Crichton Books publishes books with a slightly commercial bent. The imprint launched with Cathleen Falsanis The God Factor in 2006, ishmael Beahs A Long Way Gone was a bestseller and a Starbucks featured book in 2007. North Point Press published literary nonfiction with an emphasis on history, travel, ecology, music, food. Its authors include Peter Matthiessen, Beryl Markham, Guy Davenport, A. J. Liebling, Margaret Visser, Wendell Berry, scientific American / FSG, led by Amanda Moon, publishes non-fiction popular science books for the general reader. Its authors include Jesse Bering, Daniel Chamovitz, Kevin Dutton, FSG Books for Young Readers publishes National Book Award winners Madeleine LEngle, William Steig, Louis Sachar, and Polly Horvath

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Farrar, Straus and Giroux

61.
Henry Holt and Company
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Henry Holt and Company is an American book publishing company, in New York City. One of the oldest publishers in the United States, it was founded in 1866 by Henry Holt and Frederick Leypoldt. Currently, the company publishes in the fields of American and international fiction, biography, history and politics, science, psychology, in the US, it operates under Macmillan Publishers. The company publishes several imprints including Metropolitan Books, Times Books, Owl Books. It also publishes under the name of Holt Paperbacks, from 1951 to 1985, Holt published the magazine Field & Stream. Holt merged with Rinehart & Company of New York and the John C, Winston Company of Philadelphia in 1960 to become Holt, Rinehart and Winston. The Wall Street Journal reported on March 1 that Holt stockholders had approved the merger, Henry Holt is the surviving concern, but will be known as Holt, Rinehart, Winston, Inc. CBS purchased the company in 1967, the educational publishing arm, which retained the Holt, Rinehart and Winston name, was sold to Harcourt. Holt McDougal Official website Media related to Henry Holt and Company at Wikimedia Commons

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Henry Holt and Company

62.
Picador (imprint)
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Picador is an imprint of Pan Macmillan in the United Kingdom and Australia and of Macmillan Publishing in the United States. Both companies are owned by Georg von Holtzbrinck Publishing Group, Picador was launched in the UK in 1972 with the aim of publishing outstanding international writing in paperback. In 1990, Picador started publishing its own hardcovers, Picador authors have included Jonathan Franzen, Michael Chabon, Angela Carter, Thomas Pynchon, Raj Patel, Jon Ronson, Pankaj Mishra, Bret Easton Ellis and Salman Rushdie. Picador Travel Classics Official UK site Official USA site Official Australian site

Picador (imprint)
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See also [edit]

63.
Tor Books
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Tor Books is the primary imprint of Tom Doherty Associates LLC publishing company, based in New York City, US. It is noted for its fiction and fantasy titles. Tor was founded by Tom Doherty in 1980, Tor is an Anglo-Saxon word meaning the peak of a rocky mountain as its logo shows. Tor Books was sold to St. Martins Press in 1987, along with St. Martins Press, Henry Holt, and Farrar, Straus and Giroux, it became part of the Holtzbrinck group, now part of the Macmillan in the US. Tor is the imprint of Tom Doherty Associates. There is also the Forge imprint that publishes an array of titles, including historical novels. Tor Books also publishes two imprints for young readers, Starscape and Tor Teen, Tor Books also has the Tor. com imprint that focuses on short works such as novellas, shorter novels and serializations. A United Kingdom sister imprint, Tor UK, also exists and specializes in fiction, fantasy. Tor UK maintains an open submission policy, orb Books publishes science-fiction classics such as A. E. Van Vogts Slan. Tor Teen publishes young-adult novels such as Cory Doctorow’s Little Brother, Tor UK has published authors such as Douglas Adams, Rjurik Davidson, Amanda Hocking, China Miéville, Adam Nevill, and Adrian Tchaikovsky. Tor publishes a range of its works as e-books and, in 2012, one year later, Tor stated that the removal of DRM had not harmed its e-book business, so they would continue selling them DRM-free. Tor won the Locus Magazine poll for best science fiction publisher in 29 consecutive years from 1988 to 2016 inclusive, in March 2014, the Worlds Without Ends website listed Tor as the second-most awarded and nominated publisher for science fiction, fantasy and horror books, after Gollancz. As of March 27,2014, Tor has received 316 nominations and 54 wins for 723 novels, official website Tor. com community site Tor Books profile at Reason, December 2008

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Tor Books

64.
Pan Books
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Pan Books is a publishing imprint that first became active in the 1940s and is now part of the British-based Macmillan Publishers, owned by the Georg von Holtzbrinck Publishing Group of Germany. Pan Books began as an independent publisher, established in 1944 by Alan Bott, the Pan Books logo, showing the ancient Greek god Pan playing pan-pipes, was designed by Mervyn Peake. A few years after it was founded, Pan Books was bought out by a consortium of several publishing houses, including Macmillan, Collins, Heinemann and it became wholly owned by Macmillan in 1987. Pan specialised in publishing fiction and, along with Penguin Books, was one of the first popular publishers of this format in the UK. A large number of popular authors saw their works given paperback publication through Pan, including Ian Fleming, so too did Leslie Charteriss books about The Saint, Peter ODonnells Modesty Blaise, and novels by Georgette Heyer, Neville Shute, John Steinbeck, Josephine Tey and Arthur Upfield. Pan also published editions of works by classic authors such as Jane Austen. Another notable title was The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams, during the 1950s and 1960s Pan Books editions were noted for their colourful covers, which have made many of them collectables, particularly the Fleming and Charteris novels. The Pan imprint continues to publish a broad list of fiction and non-fiction. Among its current authors are Ken Follett, David Baldacci, Jackie Collins, Sue Grafton, Scott Turow and Minette Walters

65.
Nature Publishing Group
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Nature Publishing Groups flagship publication is Nature, a weekly multidisciplinary journal first published in 1869. It also publishes Nature research journals, Nature Reviews journals, Springer Nature also publishes Scientific American in 16 languages, a magazine intended for the general public. In 2013, Nature Publishing Group bought a stake in Frontiers. Before Springer Nature was formed in 2015, the Nature Publishing Group was a part of Macmillan Science and Education, the Nature Publishing Group employs over 800 people in its offices in London, New York City, San Francisco, Seoul, Washington, D. C. Boston, Tokyo, Paris, Munich, Hong Kong, Melbourne, Gurgaon, Mexico City, as of September 2016, NPG publishes 148 academic journals. The former Nature Clinical Practice series was rebranded and folded into the Nature Reviews series in April 2009 and they also publish the njp series. In most cases, the costs of Springer Natures publications are recovered via subscription to individuals, over 40 journals allow their authors to publish open access articles, with the author paying a publication charge to the journal. The publisher also has open access journals. Authors are also allowed to post accepted, unedited papers on their websites or the funding bodys archives no earlier than 6 months after publication, the letter also described a potential boycott if the dispute was not resolved. On 2 December 2014, NPG announced that it would make content from all of Natures journals available online for free, providers can also provide annotations on the linked articles. The move was designed to counter the trend of dark sharing, while considering it a compromise between fully restricted access, critics do not consider this to be a true open access scheme due to its restrictions on use and distribution. In 2011, Nature launched its first line of textbooks for the college market, starting with Principles of Biology. Other active Nature Publishing Group services include, Naturejobs, containing scientific career information, tools, past experiments at offering online services include, The pre-print server Nature Precedings. Frontiers Official website Nature Network Scitable Nature ENCODE Nature Precedings Interview with Timo Hannay, director of Web Publishing for Nature Publishing Group

Nature Publishing Group
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Nature Publishing Group

66.
Palgrave Macmillan
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Palgrave Macmillan is an international academic and trade publishing company. Its programme includes textbooks, journals, monographs, professional and reference works in print, Palgrave Macmillan was created in 2000 when St. Martins Press Scholarly and Reference in the USA united with Macmillan Publishers in the UK to combine their worldwide academic publishing operations. The company was known as simply Palgrave until 2002, but has since known as Palgrave Macmillan. It is a subsidiary of Springer Nature, until 2015, it was part of the Macmillan Group and therefore fully owned by the German publishing company Holtzbrinck Publishing Group. It maintains offices in London, New York, Shanghai, Melbourne, Sydney, Hong Kong, Delhi, Palgrave is named after the Palgrave family. He was a banker and editor of The Economist, reginald Palgrave was Clerk of the House of Commons and wrote A History of the House of Commons, which Macmillan published in 1869. William Gifford Palgrave was an Arabic scholar, Palgrave Macmillan publishes The Statesmans Yearbook, an annual reference work which gives a political, economic and social overview of every country of the world. In 2008, Palgrave Macmillan published The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd edition, edited by Steven N. Durlauf, in 2009 Palgrave Macmillan made over 4,500 scholarly ebooks available to libraries. Bayandor wrote a revisionist analysis of the 1953 Iranian coup détat, Iran and The CIA and he is the author of Obama and the Middle-East, The End of Americas Moment. Michael Huemer, professor of philosophy at University of Colorado, Boulder, books include The Problem of Political Authority, a defense of philosophical libertarianism and anarchism, and Ethical Intuitionism, a meta-ethical defense of ethical intuitionism. Lakshay Rai, an Indian origin author, professional risk analyst, has authored The Dark Age, a novel based on events in Syria during the terror regime. Rai, has co-authored 17 research articles in association with Palgrave, and was titled The Yougest Palgrave author in 2017. Kennedy and the Race to the Moon,2013, rowan Williams, The Archbishop of Canterbury, author of Crisis and Recovery Tony Zinni, a retired four-star General in the United States Marine Corps and a former Commander in Chief of U. S

Palgrave Macmillan
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2008 conference booth

67.
Hachette (publisher)
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Hachette, French pronunciation, ​, is a French publisher. It was founded in 1826 by Louis Hachette as Brédif, a bookshop and it became L. Hachette et Compagnie on 1 January 1846, Librairie Hachette in 1919, and Hachette SA in 1977. It was acquired by the Lagardère Group in 1981, in 1992 the publishing assets of Hachette SA were grouped into a subsidiary called Hachette Livre, the flagship imprint of Lagardère Publishing. Hachette has its headquarters in the 15th arrondissement of Paris, in 1996 it merged with the Hatier group. In 2004, Hachette acquired dictionary publisher Éditions Larousse, in 2006, it expanded into the United States when it purchased Time Warners book-publishing division, which was then renamed Hachette Book Group USA. In June 2013, Hachette announced that it would acquire Hyperion Books from Disney and it is one of the largest English-language publishers, known as the Big Five. In May 2014, Amazon. com stopped taking pre-order sales of Hachette books, citing a breakdown in negotiations over commission and ebook pricing. According to Hachette, Amazon had also stopped discounting its books, Hachette has its headquarters in the Beaugrenelle district in the 15th arrondissement of Paris. Hachettes head office previously occupied a building at the intersection of Saint-Germain and it later moved to its current location. Hachette planned to lease 9,900 square metres of space at a building in Malakoff, Hauts de Seine around 2011, in June 2014, the companys U. S. Financial details of the deal were not disclosed, however, in August 2014, the deal was called off because Hachette and the other parties involved decided the deal was too complicated

68.
Little, Brown and Company
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Early lists featured Little Women by Louisa May Alcott, Emily Dickinsons poetry, and Bartletts Familiar Quotations. As of 2016, Little, Brown & Company is a division of the Hachette Book Group, Little, Brown and Company had its roots in the book selling trade. It was founded in 1837 in Boston by Charles Little and James Brown and they formed the partnership for the purpose of Publishing, Importing, and Selling Books. It can trace its roots before that to 1784 to a bookshop owned by Ebenezer Batelle on Marlborough Street and they published works of Benjamin Franklin and George Washington and they were specialized in legal publishing and importing titles. Little, Brown and Company was the American publisher for Edward Gibbons the Decline, the firm was the original publisher of United States Statutes at Large beginning in 1845, under authority granted by a joint resolution of Congress. In 1874, Congress transferred the authority to publish the Statutes at Large to the Government Printing Office, in 1853, Little, Brown began publishing the works of British poets from Chaucer to Wordsworth. Ninety-six volumes were published in the series in five years, in 1859, John Bartlett became a partner in the firm. He held the rights to his Familiar Quotations, and Little, John Murray Brown, James Browns son, took over when Augustus Flagg retired in 1884. In the 1890s, Little, Brown expanded into publishing, including fiction. In 1896, it published Quo Vadis, in 1898, Little, Brown purchased a list of titles from the Roberts Brothers firm. 19th century employees included Charles Carroll Soule, John Murray Brown died in 1908 and James W. McIntyre became managing partner. When McIntyre died in 1913, Little, Brown incorporated, in 1925, Little, Brown entered into an agreement to publish all Atlantic Monthly books. Chips, Walter D. Edmondss Drums Along the Mohawk, William Least Heat-Moons Blue Highways, Tracy Kidders The Soul of a New Machine, salinger later terminated his contract with the publishing house sometime in the 1970s, though his novel was still published by Little, Brown. Little, Brown also published the photography of Ansel Adams, in 1996, Little, Browns legal and medical publishing division was purchased by Wolters Kluwer. In 2001, Michael Pietsch became Publisher of Little, Brown, the imprint was purchased by Time Inc. in 1968, and was made part of the Time Warner Book Group when Time merged with Warner Communications to form Time Warner in 1989. Little, Brown expanded into the UK in 1992 when TWBG bought MacDonald & Co from Maxwell Communications, taking on its Abacus and Orbit lists, feminist publisher Virago Press followed in 1996. Also in 1996, Wolters Kluwer acquired Little, Browns professional division, in 2006, the Time Warner Book Group was sold to French publisher Hachette Livre. Following this, the Little, Brown imprint is used by Hachette Livres U. S. publishing company, in 2011, Little, Brown launched an imprint devoted to suspense publishing, Mulholland Books

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A Little, Brown and Co. insignia used in 1906.

69.
Yen Press
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Yen Press LLC is an American manga and graphic novel publisher co-owned by Kadokawa Corporation and Hachette Book Group. In addition to their regular releases, Yen Press produces Yen Plus. The companys varied list demonstrates an interest in publishing a variety of Japanese manga, Korean manhwa. In addition to translated material, Yen Press has released original series, most notably a manga adaptation of James Pattersons Maximum Ride, Yen Press was founded in 2006 by former Borders Group buyer Kurt Hassler and DC Comics VP Rich Johnson. In July 2007, it was announced that Yen Press was to absorb ICEkunion, while the manga titles bearing ICEkunions label would be continued to be sold in stores, subsequent printings would bear the Yen Press logo. Kurt Hassler assured fans, We plan to pick up all the existing titles. We’re going to continue everything, none of these series are going to fall into a void. ”Yen Press had previously stated that it would like to release 30 -40 volumes within 2008. The first issue debuted on July 29,2008, in 2009, Yen Press announced that it had acquired the rights to Yotsuba&. and Azumanga Daioh from their former licensee, A. D. Vision. In September 2009, Yen Press rereleased the first five volumes of Yotsuba&. in addition to releasing the sixth volume, kruse † - Digital distribution rights only due to being a Square Enix title. Viz Media has the rights for series paperback releases