For example the level 1 Poison Arrowskill gem has the modifier Gain 30% of Physical Damage as extra Chaos Damage

The difference between these forms is the effect they have on the original damage. Converted to modifiers replace the original damage with the new damage, while Added as preserves the original damage, adding the new damage to the total. These two modifiers do not interfere with one another in any way.

Converted to

For this type of modifier, the original damage is replaced with the converted damage. The amount of any given damage type that can be converted in this way cannot exceed 100%. If the combined value of all Converted to modifiers for a given damage type is greater than 100%, the values are scaled so that the total is 100% (ref) . Conversion from skill gems takes priority over conversion from other sources (such as equipment), and is not scaled. For example:

A player is wielding a bow that deals 100 Physical Damage,

a Blackgleam quiver that has 40% of Physical Damage converted to Fire Damage,

and Hrimsorrow gloves that have 25% of Physical Damage converted to Cold Damage.

The player is using the skill Lightning Arrow, which has 50% of Physical Damage converted to Lightning Damage

The total in this is example is 115% of Physical Damage, and must be scaled. Since it comes from a skill gem, Lightning Arrow's modifier takes priority and is not scaled. The other two are scaled evenly to convert the remaining 50% of physical damage.

40 * (50/65) = 30.77% Converted to Fire Damage by Blackgleam

25 * (50/65) = 19.23% Converted to Cold Damage by Hrimsorrow

In summary, the resulting converted damage would be 50 Lightning Damage, 31 Fire Damage, and 19 Cold Damage, and 0 Physical Damage, a total of 100 Damage.

Added as

This modifier does not replace the original damage, instead it takes a portion of the damage and adds it to the total as a different damage type. Damage added in this way can exceed 100% of the source damage type, and does not need to be scaled. For example:

A player is wielding a bow that deals 100 Physical Damage, and using a Blackgleam quiver, Hrimsorrow gloves, and Lightning Arrow, as in the above example.

The result of the Converted to modifiers is the same as in the above example, the amounts are scaled to a total of 100% as normal. The Added Fire Damage gem adds an additional 20% of the Physical Damage as Fire Damage

In summary, the resulting converted damage would be 50 Lightning Damage, 51 Fire Damage, and 19 Cold Damage, and 0 Physical Damage, a total of 120 Damage.

Taken as

On the receiving side, damage may be taken as a different type. This is done before any sort of mitigation.

Chernobog's PillarChernobog's PillarEbony Tower ShieldChance to Block: 25%Armour: (788 to 895)Requires Level 61, 159 Str(120 to 150)% increased Armour +(35 to 50)% to Fire Resistance 25% of Physical Damage Converted to Fire Damage 5% chance to Curse Enemies with Enfeeble on HitFire Dances with those who doubt Licks the skin and flesh from the fearful Where there is no fear There is no flame

Incandescent HeartIncandescent HeartSaintly ChainmailArmour: (761 to 878)Energy Shield: (216 to 235)Requires Level 70, 99 Str, 115 Int+(60 to 80) to Armour(120 to 140)% increased Armour and Energy Shield+(80 to 90) to maximum Life(4 to 5)% of Physical Attack Damage Leeched as Life25% of Elemental Damage taken as Chaos Damage(20 to 30)% increased Light RadiusLight Radius is based on Energy Shield instead of LifeOnly light may banish the shadows from this landAnd the black lies wrapped around your heart

Corruption

Corrupting a Quiver or Scepter has a chance to replace its implicit mod with

10-20% of Physical damage converted to Cold Damage

10-20% of Physical damage converted to Lightning Damage

10-20% of Physical damage converted to Fire Damage

Interaction with other modifiers

Converted damage is affected by modifiers that apply to be both the original damage type it was converted from, and the new damage type that is was converted to. For example Fire Damage that is added by the Added Fire Damage gem will be affected by both increased Physical Damage modifiers and increased Fire Damage modifiers.

Also, converted damage can itself be converted. For example:

A player is wielding a weapon that deals 100 Physical Damage,

the player is affected by a level 10 Hatred aura which has the modifier 30% of Physical Damage Added as Cold Damage,

the player is using an attack supported by a level 1 Cold to Fire support gem, with the modifier 50% of Cold Damage Converted to Fire Damage

In this example 30% of the Physical Damage is added as Cold damage, and 50% of that Cold damage is converted to Fire. The resulting damage is therefore 100 Physical Damage, 15 Cold Damage, and 15 Fire Damage.

The Physical Damage was not the result of a conversion, and so is only affected by modifiers that affect Physical Damage, as normal

The Cold Damage will be affected by any mods that affect either Physical Damage or Cold Damage

The Fire Damage will be affected by any mods that affect Physical, Cold or Fire Damage

Example calculation

Imagine a player wielding a sword that deals 100 Physical Damage, and performs an attack with the following modifiers:

50% of Physical Damage converted to Cold Damage from a skill gem

30% of Physical Damage converted to Fire Damage from gear

30% of Physical Damage converted to Lightning Damage from gear

30% of Physical Damage Added as Fire Damage from a support gem

15% of Physical Damage Added as Cold Damage from a support gem

50% of Cold Damage converted to Fire Damage from a support gem

Adds 30 Cold Damage from a support gem

30% more Physical Damage from a support gem

70% more Weapon Elemental Damage from a support gem

80% increased Physical Damage with Swords from passive skills

30% increased Melee Physical Damage from Strength and passive skills

20% increased Fire Damage from passive skills

15% increased Cold Damage from passive skills

First off, there is more than 100% of physical damage conversion, so the values are scaled to total 100%. As a result, 50% of physical damage will become Cold Damage, 25% will become Fire Damage, and 25% will become Lightning Damage.

The Cold Damage

The amount of Cold damage that has been converted from Physical is 65 (50 Converted to, 15 Added as). 50% of the Cold Damage is Converted to Fire, leaving us with 32.5 remaining Cold Damage. This damage is affected by all Cold and Physical Damage modifiers:

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