The ionosphere, which is characterized by the presence of free electrons, impacts the functionality of communication and navigation systems relying on radio wave propagation in the upper atmosphere. The impact is strongest during ionospheric storms, when the electron density changes dramatically. Ionospheric storms are often accompanied by the presence of large scale travelling ionospheric disturbances (LSTIDs), which are the ionospheric signature of surges in the upper atmosphere. Usually, they are excited in the Auroral region and travel equatorward. In some occasions, poleward LSTIDs have been reported. Their occurrence differs dependent on solar wind- and thermosphere conditions. However, not every ionospheric storm is accompanied by LSTIDs. The physical conditions under which LSTIDs are exited and their impact on ionospheric storms shall be investigated.

Thus, the PhD shall consider the following research tasks:

Development of algorithms for the detection of LSTIDs

Analysis of the occurrence of LSTIDs over the European-African sector with regard to wave parameters and timing

Investigation of geophysical and space weather conditions under which LSTIDs occur, association with the development of positive ionospheric storms at mid-latitudes.

Utilization of a numerical model to derive information on structure and dynamics of LSTIDs, in particular on their source mechanisms and horizontal propagation characteristics.

Investigation of the potential to monitor essentials of ionospheric LSTIDs impact on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) applications by using near real-time GNSS measurements.

Investigation of forecast capabilities to estimate occurrence time duration and strength of LSTID events and their impact on ionospheric storms.

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