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Background: HIV-related stigmatisation and discrimination by young children towards their peers have important consequences at the individual level and for our response to the epidemic, yet research on this area is limited. Methods: We used nationally representative data to examine discrimination of HIV-positive children by grade six students (n = 39,664) across nine countries in Southern Africa: Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe. …

Using data from the Demographic and Health Survey, this article analyses the relationship between HIV status and the socio‐economic and demographic characteristics of adults in Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland and Zimbabwe. It constructs the risk profile of the average adult, computes the values of age, education and wealth where the estimated probability of infection assumes its highest value, and determines the percentage of adults for whom these three factors are positively correlated with that probability. …

Data was collected in late 2009 using qualitative research methods. Eleven key informant interviews were conducted with policy makers, opinion leaders, program managers, and development partners, all working on HIV and AIDS activities at the national level. Each was based in Maseru, though some of their work covered both rural and urban areas. Four focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted with a total of 17 participants. …