Kinshasa was a village on the south bank of the Congo when Stanley passed through in 1877. He returned in 1881 and established Leopoldville on the banks of contemporary Kintambo and Ngaliema. A post was opened upriver at Kinshasa in 1883. In 1923 Leopoldville was named the capital, comprising both Kinshasa and Leopoldville, established at Kalina (now Gombe), while "old" Leopoldville remained the capital of the Province. The Leopoldville-Kinshasa agglomeration was renamed Kinshasa in 1966.

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Sunday, April 8, 2018

Kinshasa’s
city hall, the Hotel de Ville, is getting a new annex.The four-story building on Ave. Ebeya,
launched in November 2014 with a 9-month construction time frame, includes interior
parking for 30 vehicles, offices for the Governor and Vice-Governor and
conference facilities on the top floor. An
air bridge will connect the new structure with the original building.Critics charged that the municipal
authorities were planning to sell the existing structure to a third party.Robert Luzolanu, Provincial Minister of Plan,
Budget and Infrastructure denied these allegations, arguing the emblematic
building “embodies the identity of Kinshasa”.

The Hotel de Ville with the new annex at left

The
Hotel de Ville was originally built for the Office du Travail de Leopoldville
(Offitra), a labor bureau established in November 1922 to recruit workers for
large public works projects around Leopoldville (Moyen-Congo) and the
reconstruction of the railway between Matadi and Leopoldville (Bas-Congo). The three-story
building towered over the rest of the cité as it existed at the time. The
number of laborers recruited and housed at Offitra’s camp at Ndolo grew from
934 in 1923 to 5,108 in 1925. Pneumonia,
meningitis and venereal disease were chronic health threats and Offitra organized
vaccination campaigns to immunize its workers against these diseases. It was at this time, as well, that the Red
Cross established its clinic in the cité to treat venereal disease in the
growing municipality(See Mar. 1, 2014).

In
1934, following the centralization reforms of 1933, the new District Urbain, as
the municipal government was termed, moved into the building. Local government functions established here
managed the entire urban district. A
Comité Urbain named by the Governor General, drawn from the elite ranks of the
business community, decided urban development priorities under a Commissaire de
District Urbain, a senior member of the Territorial Administration.

The District Urbain with the Leopoldville coat of arms hanging from the second floor.

The District Urbain - late 1930s

Looking east on Ave. Cambier - note exterior stairs prior to construction of an extension in the 1950s.

In
the years approaching Independence, the District building became known as the
Service de la Population Blanche, attending to the European population residing
in Ngaliema, Gombe and Limete Communes, while the African jurisdictions of the
city were managed by the Service de la Population Noire built in 1951 near what
is now the Stade des Martyrs. After the Communal Elections in 1957, a Belgian
Premier Bourgmestre presided over a Conseil de Ville at the Hotel de Ville which
included Congolese Bourgmestres from the newly-created Communes.

The Hotel de Ville with extension at right.

The former Population Noire is now the Ministry of Sports

After
Independence in 1960, the Hotel de Ville managed the entire municipality that
came to cover 24 Communes by 1968. Administratively, Kinshasa became both a
municipality (Ville) and a province within the national provincial structure
established by Mobutu after his take-over coup in 1965.

The Hotel de Ville in the 1970s

The Hotel de Ville in 2006

An earlier annex behind the Hotel de Ville - this structure is visible in the Office du Travail photo at top.

On
February 26, 2011, Kinshasa Governor Kimbuta inaugurated a three-story
Provincial Office building a few blocks west of the Hotel de Ville on Ave.
Ebeya. At the time, Minister Luzolanu
asserted that this new facility addressed all existing space constraints at the
Hotel de Ville. However, three years
later, the city decided to build the Annex and requested a waiver from national
competition to award construction to a company called COVEC (China Overseas
Engineering Group) in order to address urgent space constraints faced by the
municipality. Critics questioned why a comparable building for the Hotel de
Province cost $4 million while cost for the Annex was announced at $6 million.
As of this writing, the construction fences are still up around the new building.