TITLE: The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. / Series 1 - Volume 19 (Part II)
AUTHOR: United States. War Dept., John Sheldon Moody, Calvin Duvall Cowles, Frederick Caryton Ainsworth, Robert N. Scott, Henry Martyn Lazelle, George Breckenridge Davis, Leslie J. Perry, Joseph William Kirkley
PUBLISHER: Govt. Print. Off., Washington, 1887
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Title Page
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TITlE
WAR OF THE REBELLION:
A COMPILATION OF TIlE
OFFICIAL IRECOIRDS
OF THE
UNION AND CONFEDERATE ARXIIE~.
PREPARED, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF TILE SECRETARY OF WAR, BY
The late Lieut. Col. ROBERT N. SCOTT, Third U. S. Artillery.
PUBLISHED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF
Lieut. Col. HENRY M. LAZEIJLE, Twenty-third U. S. Infantry.
PURSUANT TO ACTS OF CONGRESS.
SERIES IVOLUME XIXIN TWO PARTS.
PART II.
REPORTS Sept. 20-Nov. 14, 1862.
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC... Sept. 3-Nov. 14,1862.
WASHINGTON:
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE.
1887
Page 2
/4/
Ce::
Page 3
ChAPTER XXXI.
OPERATIONS IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA, WEST VIR
GINIA, MARYLAND, AND PENNSYLVANIA.
September 3November 14, 1862.
PAliT II.
REPORTS September 20-NQvember 14.*
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.... September 3-November 14.
SEPTEMBER 22, 1862..-Skirmish at Aslibys Gap, Va.
Report of Gol. R. Butler Price, Second Pennsylvania Cavalry, command.
ing Cavalry Brigade, Third Army Corps.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Near Fort Blenker, Va., September 25, 1862.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL: I have the honor to report that, in conformity
with orders from headquarters of the Third Army Corps, I proceeded,
on the 20th instant, at 4 p. in., with a portion (800 men) of the bri-
gade under my command, and one section of the Third U. S. Artillery,
commanded by Lieutenant Shnetz, to Ashbys Gap, for the purpose of
capturing or destroying a large train of wagons, reported to be in that
vicinity. After passing the village of Aldie, at Bull iRun Gap, we en-
conntered the pickets of the enemy. Skirmishing was kept up from
that point for a distance of 10 or 12 miles, when the advance guard,
aided by two companies of the First Vermont, while closely following a
party of about 60 men, came suddenly upon the main body (about 400)
of the Sixth Virginia Cavalry, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Green.
The order to charge was promptly obeyed. After a short but severe
struggle, the enemy broke in great disorder, some taking to the woods
but the principal part going through the gap. Their horses were fresh,
and could not be overtaken. Having been instructed not to go through
the gap, I halted, and, after a short rest, returned, arriving in camp on
the 23d instant, at 5 p. in.
The object of the expedition, I regret, was not accomplished, the train
having been removed to the other side of the ridge on the day before.
Three wagons only remained, one, empty and without horses, found and
burned in Paris. The other two, containing a few articles of little value,
werecaptured.
Our loss was as follows : t
(3)
* For Summary of Principal Events, see Part I.
t Nominal list, omitted, shows 1 officer (Capt. S. G. Perkins, First Vermont Cavalry)
killed, and 2 officers (Lient. Col. A. W. Preston and Licut. C. A. Adams) and 6 en-
listed men, First Vermont Cavalry, wounded
Page 4
4 OPEI~ATIONS IN N. VA., W. ~VA., Ml)., ANI) PA. (CHAP. XX~t
Enemys loss as follows: Four privates killed, and Lient. Col. John
Shac Green ~nd 13 non-commissioned officers and privates wounded
and taken prisoner.
Lieutenant-Colonel Green was too severely wounded (three saber cuts
in his head) to bring in~ and was paroled after receiving the opinion of
Brigade-Surgeon Johnson. Many others were wounded slightly, but
escaped.
The officers and men engaged all behaved with great coolness and
courage, receiving a volley at short range, but dashing in with the
sabers, without the least faltering.
The officers in front, Lieutenant-Colonel Preston, Captain Perkins,
Captain Erliardt, Lieutenant Adams, Captain Flint, and Lieutenant
Cummings, commanding skirmishers, deserve great praise for their
conduct.
On the return, 2 commissioned officers (sick in hospital) and 148 en-
listed men, found at Middleburg and Aldie, most of whom were sick or
wounded, were -paroled. A captain of the Twenty-second New York was
found in a hospital at Middleburg, wounded. He was brought back and
sent on to Washington. He had not been paroled.
The two guides sent me by General Banks I found to be energetic
and reliable men, having a thorough knowledge of the country and its
inhabitants.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
R. BUTLER PRICE,
Colonel, Commanding Cavalry Brigade.
Lient. Col. CHAUNCEY MCKEEVER,
Asst. Adjt. Gen., Bidqrs. Third Army Corps.
[Indor8ement.1
HDQRS. DEFENSES WASHINGTON SOUTH OF THE POTOMAC,
Arlington, Va., September 27, 1862.
A report of a gallant affair, respectfully forwarded.
S. P. HEINTZELMAN.
Major- General, Commanding.
SEPTEMBER 25, 1862A-Reconnaissance from Shepherdstown, W. Va.
Report of Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, U. S. Army, commanding Army
of the Potomac.
NEAR SHARPSBURG, Mn.,
September 26, 1862.
A cavalry reconnaissance made yesterday in the direction of Martins-
burg, from Sheph erdstown, found the enemy in force encamped 2 miles
out from Shepherdstown. One lieutenant-colonel, Thirty-fifth Virginia
Volunteers, was captured, and 1 lieutenant, Fifth Virginia Cavalry,
also. I go to Harpers Ferry this morning to look into the condition of
things there.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
Page 5
5
CHAP. XXXI.] EXPEDITION TO BRISTOE STATION, ETC.
SEPTEMBER 2528, 1862.ExpeditiOn from Centreville to Bristoe Station
and Warrenton Junction, Va.
Report of Col. N. C. McLean, Seventy-fifth Ohio Infantry, commanding
Second Brigade, First Division, Eleventh Army Corps.
HEADQUARTERS SECOND BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION,
Camp at Centreville, Va., September 29, 1862.
GENERAL: I have the honor to report the result of my expedition to
Warrenton Junction, as follows:
Immediately upon the receipt of your order, on the afternoon of the
25th instant, I called in my pickets and marched, as ordered, with the
whole of my brigade and such portion of the Sixth Ohio Cavalry as
were present, nuder Colonel Lloyd, amounting, I believe, to about 120
men. I encamped the first night at Weirs hous& , 1 mile from Manassas
Junction. The next morning, at daylight, I marched and halted at
Bristoe Station for re-enforcements of cavalry, which, I understood, were
to come to me. About 30 men of the Sixth Ohio Cavalry joined me
about 11 oclock. I fonud that the cavalry of the enemy were hovering
around me, and sent a small party of the Sixth Ohio Cavalry to ascer-
tain their strength. Upon the approach of onr men they fled, and, in
the pursuit, dropped some pistols, haversacks, & c., but escaped without
further loss. I met with no further interruption until within 2~ miles of
Catletts Station, when my advance guard of cavalry came upon a force
of the enemy, consisting of both infantry and cavalry, posted in the
woods, from which they fired upon our men, driving them back upon the
main body. The cavalry reported a heavy force of infantry, and I im-
mediately ordered two pieces of artillery to the front, and shelled the
woods three or fonr times without receiving any reply. I then ceased
firing, and ordered two companies of the Seventy-fifth Ohio forward into
the woods, as skirmishers, supported by the balance of the regiment as
a reserve. This force I followed with the Seventy-third and Fifty-fifth
Ohio, in line of battle, leaving the artillery in position, supported by the
Twenty-fifth and Sixth Ohio Cavalry. The enemy, however, had re-
treated, and I then moved forward, cautiously and in such order as to
be ready for any emergency, with my whole force. My advance guard
meached Catletts Station in time to see the locomotive and cars, in the
distance, going rapidly away, but did not get near enough to engage the
enemy again. I ascertained that the force which opposed my march,
besides the cavalry engaged, consisted of about 300 infantry, and that
they filled some seven or eight box-cars and three or four gondola-cars
in their retreat on the railroad. In their retreat they fired the railroad
bridge over Cedar Run, but we arrived in time to extinguish the fire
before much damage had been done. Very little labor will repair the
bridge, and, even now, I believe it will be safe for the cars to pass.
This bridge was saved by the personal efforts of my staff. I halted on
the other side of the bridge for the night, going forward, however, my-
self; with the cavalry, two regiments of infantry, and one section of artil-
lery to XVarrenton Junction, which was 1 mile distant. Nothing more
was found of the enemy, and the bridge beyond and about 1~ miles dis-
tant from the junction was all in order, so that the cars had continued
on at least as far as the Rappahannock, some 10 miles distant. I could
not ascertain whether the bridge at that point had been finished or not;
but am under the impression that, on the 26th instant, it was still in-
complete, or otherwise there was no reason for the burning of the bridge
over Cedar Run. There was no alarm during the night. At about 3
oclock next morning, about 40 of the First Maryland Cavalry reporte
Page 6
6 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXL
to me, with orders. My headquarters were at the house of a Dr. Shu-
mate, who informed me that he had a large amount of Government prop.
erty in his possession, which had been left there by the commander of
the Thirty-sixth Ohio 1~egiment about one month ago, they being unable
to transport it in the retreat. I immediately made snch arrangements
as enabled me to transport the whole of it, amounting to six four-horse
wagon-loads, in bulk, and of the estimated value of $4,600, and perhaps
more, at present prices. In obedience to your orders, I returned to Bris-
toe Station with my whole command, and encamped there on the morn-
ing of the 27th instant. At this point, you joined me with 600 cavalry,
under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Karg6, and, upon your de-
parture, took with you the cavalry which had been under my command,
leaving in its place that which was under command of Lieutenant.Colo:
nel Karg6.
On the morning of the 28th instant I received your orders to fall back
at once to Centreville, which I immediately obeyed. At Manassas
Station I left the brigade to march forward on the direct road, while I
made a detour over the battle.ground of Bull iRun with a l)Ortion of the
cavalry. I went over the whole~fie]d, but met with no enemy during the
whole day. The property recovered has beena portion of itturned
over to my brigade quartermaster, for which I have his ~ro~er receipts,
which will be forwarded to the department, and the balance has been
sent to General Sigels headquarters an
Government officers. , d will be there received by the
In conclusion, I would respectfully request that the railroad bridge
near Bristoe Station be repaired immediately, so as to save the large
amount of railroad I)roperty beyond that l)Oint, which will, no doubt, be
remove(l by the enemy as soon as the bridge over the Rappahannock is
completed.
1 beg leave to refer to the annexed schedule, marked A,* for a list of
the property recovered near Cedar Run.
I have the honor to be, general, your obedient servant,
N. C. McLEAN,
Colonel, Commanding Second Brigade, First Dtvtsson.
Brig. Gen. J. STAHEL,
Gommanding First Division, Eleventh Army Corps.
SEPTEMBER 2627, 1862.Expedition from Point Pleasant to Buffalo, W.
Va., and skirmish.
Report of Col. John A. Turley, Ninety-first Ohio Infantry.
IIDQRS. NINETY-FIRST REGT. Onio VOL. INFANTRY,
Point Pleasant, Va., September 28, 1862.
Sin: I have the honor to submit, for your consideration, the following
report of the part taken by the Ninety-first Regiment Ohio Volunteer
Infantry, in the expedition against Buffalo:
My regiment left camp at Point Pleasant at 6 oclock p. m. on Friday,
the 26th instant, and proceeded up the Kanawha River to within 1
mile of Eighteen-Mile Creek without any interruption, at which point
we encountered the rebel vedettes of Jenkins cavalry, one of whom
my advance captured, and from whom we learned the strength and situa-
tion of the enemys forces in front, and, not yet hearing from either the
Omitted
Page 7
CHAP. XXXI.] EXPEDITION TO WARRENTON, ETC. 7
Second Virginia Cavalry or from the Fortieth Ohio Infantry, both of
which were to have co-operated with us, I pushed forward my regiment
as rapidly as possible on Buffalo. My advance met with such a warm
reception that, after crossing the creek, I deployed on the right and
left of the road and kept up a continual skirmish with rebel cavalry,
driving them before us to within 1 mile of Buffalo, when the rebels
opened upon us with two pieces of artillery, throwing small shells, which
chiefly passed over our heads; and, not yet hearing from the Second
Virginia or Fortieth Ohio, I ordered my regiment to unsling blankets and
haversacks and move on, double-quick, and try to capture the enemys
guns, which were placed near the bridge, at the lower end of the town;
but, the enemy being mostly mounted and my force having to cross a
marshy ravine, our progress was so impeded that we were unable to
overtake them. We pursued them into the town-and to the river, where
they separated, panic-stricken, a portion of them retreating up the river
and the rest crossing over the river, upon whom we opened a brisk fire,
driving them from the opposite bank. We remained one hour in Buffalo,
hoping to hear from our forces on my right and left, which were expected
to co-operate with me; but, not hearing from them, and ascertaining the
strength of the enemy in front, I followed your order to fall back, bringing
away all the property my regiment could carry, and destroying all com-
missary stores below Buffalo belonging to the enemy. Had the bridge
along the Kanawha been standing, I should have brought the conunis-
sary stores to headquarters. We captured 2 of Jenkins cavalry, killed
5, and wounded at least as many more, and took a number of horses and
S or 10 Enfield rifles; and, had the forces sent by your order to co-
operate with us arrived at the scene of action in time to act in concert
with us, the expedition would doubtless have accomplished all that you
desired, even to the capturing of Brigadier-General Jenkins and his
entire force, as he slept in a private residence in Buffalo on the night
In conclusion, permit me to say that not a single officer or soldier of
the Ninety-first faltered, and, as this is a new regiment never before under
fire, I cannot refrain from saying that they acted like veterans and elic-
ited my admiration. I returned to camp last night, after having marched
45 miles in thirty hours, skirmishing four hours of that time, without the
loss of a man.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
JOHN A. TIJIRLEY,
Colonel, Comdg. Ninety-first Regiment Ohio Vol. Infty.
Col. J. A. J. LIGHTRURN,
Commanding District of Kanawha.
SEPTEMBER 29, 1862.Expedition from Centreville to Warrenton and
Buckland Mills, Va.
Report of Licut. Col. Joseph Karg6, First New Jersey Cavalry.
CENTREVILLE, VA., October 1, 1862.
GENERAL: I have the honor to report that, in accordance with your
orders of September 28 to attack Warreuton, I started with my com-
mand on the 29th, at 6 a. m. My command consisted of 200 of the New
Jersey Cavalry, 150 of the Harris Light, and 150 of the First Peunsy
Page 8
8 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
vania Cavalry. I proceeded on the Warrenton turnpike, through Gaines.
yule and New Baltimore; found on my way thither no traces of the
enemy, although I had the country patrolled on my right and left flanks
for about 14 to 2 miles.
At precisely 2.30 oclock p. m. my advance guard charged through
the town, whilst my skirmishers took position on the different avenues
leading from town, south, east, and west. I followed immediately with
two other squadrons, leaving two behind as a support, drawn up in line
one-half mile this side of the town. I found no opposition whatever.
About 30 of the enemys cavalry dashed through town shortly before
our arrival, taking the road toward Culpeper. The people of the place
rushed out in crowds, and were, as a general thing, very friendly inclined
toward us. Every house in town I found filled with wounded and sick~
the streets were crowded with convalescents, and, apparently, stragglers,
who eagerly pressed forward around my men and engaged in friendly
conversa~on. The accommodations in the hospitals I found anything
1)ut decent. Ihe poor sufferers were lying on the bare floor, wrapped
in a poor blanket, and seldom a straw pillow under their heads. In some
of the houses the sick and wounded were literally decaying in their own
filth, and nobody seemed to care for them; in short, the scene I have
witnessed beggars description.
The wounds were mdstly of a very serious character, and amputation
of legs and arms were very frequent. The number of deaths amounted,
daily, to 50, caused no doubt by want of proper care, nourishment, and
medical stores. Of the two latter they were perfectly destitute, so fir
so, that some of the ladies of high respectability expressed to me the
wish that the United States authorities, having taken posse~sion of the
place, would do something to alleviate the sufferings both of the sick
and inhabitants.
The country is stripped of everything in the shape of provisions, and
starvation stares the people in the face. A good many of the citizens
approached me with confidence, offering their services in the shape of
little refreshments, and the warm and sincere shake of the hands on
their side attested sufficiently how glad they were to see again Union
trool)s.
The gentlemanly surgeon of the post, Dr. Fisher, was of great service
to me in procuring the register of sick and wounded, and when I bade
him good-by his eyes moistened with tears. I found in the place about
40 army surgeons, of different ranks. The number of paroled prisoners
amounts to about 1,300 or 1,400. They were all eager to get their papers,
an(l my officers had their hands full to issue them, and, once provided
with such, they pressed around me, asking whether this scrap of paper
would henceforth free them from military duty, and, when assured that
it would, they went off with gleaming faces, assuring me that they rather
would rot than to take up arms again against the Yankees. Not an un-
kind word was l)assed, on either side, during the whole transaction. My
trool)s behaved in a splendid manner, and made a very favorable im-
pression among the inhabitants of the to~vn and prisoners. At precisely
5.30 p. m. I left the town with my command, an(l, proceeding to Buck-
land Mill, $ miles north, on the Warrenton pike, I encamped for the
night, whence I marched next morning at 6 oclock for Centreville.
Furthermore, I beg leave to state that the cavalry force detailed to this
corps is by far too inadequate to answer the purposes for which it is
destined.
First. The great distances which separated us from the enemy, an
Page 9
CHAP. XXXLI SKIRMISH NEAR GLENVILLE, W. VA. 9
the extensive line we have to guard, require at least a double amount
of cavalry than we now have at our disposition.
Second. The numerous posts on picket at Fairfax and Centreville
require alone over 200 men; whereas, for the present, our cavalry force in
all does not amount to 1,000 men, among whom 200 at least are not fit
for (luty, be it on account of the unserviceable condition of the horses
or of the sickness of the men.
In order to benefit the service and further our cause, we ought to have,
at least, an available force of 1,500 men, of cavalry, of which 500 ought
to remain in reserve. While 600 are engaged in expeditions, the re-
inainder (400) would remain there for outpost duty and small scouting
parties within and without our lines.
Humbly submitting my report and my views to your kind considera-
tion, I have the honor, general, to remain, your obedient servant,
JOSEPH KARGl~,
Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Cavalry Detachment.
[Indorsement.]
HDQRS. DEFENSES SOUTH OF THE POTOMAC,
Arlington, October 7, 1862.
Respectfully forwarded. This report discloses a most lamentable state
of affairs. It is to be hoped that the rebels ere this have done some-
thing for their suffering wounded. I expect to increase the cavalry force
in the advance.
S. P. HELNTZELMAN,
Brigadier- General.
Major-General SIGEL,
(ommanding Eleventh corps.
SEPTEMBER 3O~ 1862.Skirmish near Glenville, W. Va.
Report of Brig. Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley, U. S. Army.
NEW CREEK, VA., October 1, 1862.
Nothing new; all quiet here. Can hear nothing of the force reported
to have left Martinsburg on Saturday. The enemys pickets extend
west from Winchester as far as Bloomery Gap, on the Springfield road,
and Big Cacapon Bridge, on the Romney road. A detachment of my
cavalry (50 men) attacked 65 of Jenkins cavalry, near Glenville, in Gil-
mer County, yesterday, and routed them completely; killed 5, wounded
several; took 2 prisoners and 8 horses.
B. F. KEI~LEY,
Brigadier- General,
General 11. B. MARcY
Chief Qf Staff, Army of the PotomaQ
Page 10
10 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MI)., AND PA. [ChIAI~. XXXI.
OCTOBER 1, 1862.Reconnaissance from Sharpsburg, Md., to Shepherds.
town and Martinsburg, W. Va., and skirmishes en route.
REPORTS.
No. l.Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, U. S. Army, commanding Army of the Potomac.
No. 2.Brig. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Division.
No. 3.Gen. Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Army of Northern Virginia.
No. 4.Brig. Gen. Wade Hampton, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Brigade.
No. 1.
Report of Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, U. S. Army, commanding Army
of the Potomac.
HEADQUARTERS,
Sharpsburg, Md., October 2, 186212 noon.
(Received 2.10 p. in.)
A cavalry reconnaissance in force was ma(le yesterday to Martins-
burg. Stuart is said to have been in waiting for this, with several regi-
ments of cavalry. The rebel cavalry resisted the advance of our forces
from the time they left Shepherdstown until they arrived at Martins.
burg, using artillery continually. Our troops drove them upon every
occasion, and, it is supposed, inflicted a severe punishment upon them,
taking several prisoners. The people of Martinsburg expressed great
satisfaction at the arrival of our troops. From the best information that
has been obtained, Jackson, the two Hills, and Ewell, with their forces,
are now in the vicinity of Bunker Hill. General Sumner sent a brigade
to Leesburg yesterday, for the purpose of attacking a rebel force, sup-
posed to be there. No report has yet been received of their arrival.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major-General IIALLECK. Major- General.
No. 2.
Report of Brig. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry
Division.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
Camp near Knoxville, Aid., October 14, 1862.
GENERAL: The following official report of General Robert E. Lee has
been published in the Richmond papers, in reference to an affair I had
with the enemys cavalry at Martinsbl]rg, and in that vicinity, on the
1st instant. This report contains so many htlse statements as to induce
inc to submit the facts, as they occurre(l, for your information, with the
request that the same publicity be given my statement that General
Lees has received : *
* * * * * * *
I crossed the Potomac River on the morning of the 1st instant, with
700 men, consisting of the Eighth Illinois Cavalry, three squadrons
from each of the Eighth Pennsylvania and Third Indiana Cavalry, and
Penningtons battery of ar~llery. 1 drove the enemys pickets out of
See No. 3, p. 12
Page 11
CHAP. XXXI.] RECONNAISSANCE TO SHEPHERDSTOWN, W. VA., ETC. 11
Shepherdstown, and followed the Ninth Virginia Cavalry, on the Mar-
tinsburg road, so rapidly that they fled, leaving one of their dead in the
road. This dead body was still in the road on my return, in the even-
ing, showing I had the possession of it the whole day. Five miles from
Shepherdstown the road forks, one branch going in the direction of
Bunker Hill, and it was on this road that Lees brigade was posted; the
other passes on to Martinsburg, and, in obedience to my orders, I moved
on it. Two miles of travel brought me to the Opequon Creek, on the
opposite bank of which, and some 3 miles down, I observed a battery
of artillery in position, which soon opened on me. I paid no attention
to this, and the rebels themselves saw their absurdity and stopped firing.
I continued my movement to Martinsburg, and easily drove several
squadrons in my front into the town, my advance arriving at the edge of
the town by 2 oclock in the day. It was soon discovered that Hamp-
tons brigade of cavalry and four pieces of artillery were drawn up in
the center of the town, and that. two bridges between my forces and
theirs had been destroyed by these boastful soldiers, who represented
they were so anxious to get at my commaiid. With three squadrons
of cavalry and one piece of artillery,~Hamptons command was soon
driven from Martinsburg, and I leisurely entered the town with this
force, and executed all the orders I had received in regard to it. On
entering the town I found the bridges had been replaced, and I was
informed that the ladies of the place had turned out and built them up
for my men to cross. The mention of this incident speaks for itself, as
an affecting exhibition of the loyalty and devotion in the present great
struggle for national existence.
I remained in Martmsburg until 5 oclock in the afternoon, some time
after 1 had finished my business, to see if the rebels would attack me.
They did not; so, in obedience to your orders, I commenced to return
toward Shepherdstown by the same road I had gone out, and, that the
rebels might follow me, if they felt so inclined, I left the bridges intact
that they had destroyed in the morning. After crossing the Opequon
Creek, a section of artillery, with suitable force, remained in the rear,
to cover the march, which was leisurely conducted at a walk. The enemy,
presuming that my movement was a retreat, came at a headlong gallop
toward my rear, when some six or eight well-directed shells scattered
his force in confusion over the hills, and he did not rally until my rear
had passed over nearly 2 miles of distance, when he brought up fresh
troops from the road leading toward Bunker Hill. My command cared
so little for the enemys attacks that they moved on at a walk,and the
rear section of artillery was, in consequence, quite near the rebels on the
road. When apprised of this, I immediately placed a section of artillery
in position and opened on the enemy, over the heads of my men, and,
the other sections coming up, their fire did such execution that the enemy
neither troubled us nor was heard of any more that night. Several of
my squadrons engaged the enemy at short distance, and always main-
tained their position until they were directed to move.
This last affair occurred over 4 miles beyond Shepherdstown, and in
it we captured 9 prisoners and 10 horses and equipments, and I have
since heard, from good authority, that the rebels buried 66 dead, as the
result of that fight.
My loss was only 12 men, slightly wounded (they were able to ride to
camp), and 3 men taken prisoners, by the horses falling with them.
Their horses were not captured.
I brought off from Martinsburg some two dozen citizens, anxious to
leave, and9 boys, belonging to Frederick, who had been impressed into
the rebel service but had run away
Page 12
12 OPERATIONS iN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
Among the officers of my command who had opportunities for (115-
tinction~and availed themselves of them, were Major Medill, Captains
Clark, Farnsworth, and Forsyth, of the Eighth Illinois Cavalry, and
First Lieutenant Pennington, of the Secoud Artillery, commanding the
horse battery.
I am , general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier. General, Commanding.
General H. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
No. 3.
Report of General Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Army of North
em Virginia.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
October 2, 1862.
GENERAL: The enemys cavalry, under General Pleasonton, with six
pieces of artillery, drove back our pickets yesterday in front of Shep-
herdstown. The Ninth Virginia Cavalry, which was on picket, repulsed
the enemy several times, by vigorous charges, disputing the ground, step
by step, back to the main body. By the time his artillery reached him,
Col. W. H. F. Lee, who was in con)mand of the brigade, was obliged to
place it on the west bank of the Opequon, on the flank of the enemy as
he approached Martinsbnrg. General Hamptons brigade had retired
through Martinsburg on the Tuscarora road, when General Stuart arrived
and made dispositions to attack.# Lees brigade was advanced imme-
diately and Hamptons ordered forward. The enemy retired, at the ap-
l)roach of Lee, along the Shepherdstown road, and was driven across the
Potomac by the cavalry, with severe loss, and darkness alone prevented
it from being a signal victory. His rear was overtaken and put to flight,
our cavalry charging in gallant style nuder a severe fire of artillery,
routing squadron after squadron, killing a number, wounding more, and
capturing several. He was driven through Shepherdstown and crossed
the river, after dark, in no case standing a hand-to.hand conflict, but
relying upon his artillery and carbines at long range for protection. I
regret that we lost one lieutenant and several privates.
I am, most respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. E. LEE,
General.
General S. COOPER,
Adjutant and Inspector General, C. S. A., Richmond, Va.
No. 4.
Report of Brig. Gen. Wade Hampton, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry
Brigade.
HEADQUARTERS HAMPTONS BRIGADE,
October 21, 1862.
GENERAL: The inclosed report of General H. E. Lee, in reference to
the late advance of the enemy on Martinsburg, has just met my eye, and
See Hamptons report, following
Page 13
CHAP. N~Xt1 RECONNAISSANCE tO ~HtPHERDSTOWN, W. MA., ETC. I g
I beg most respectfully to call your attention, and, through you, that of
the general commanding, to the injustice which, unintentionally, no
doubt, has been done to the brigade I have the honor to command.
The report says:
General Hamptons brigade had retired through Martinsburg, on the Tuscarora
road, when General Stuart arrived and made dispositions to attack. *
This phraseology implies that the enemy had advanced on Martins-
burg through my lines, and had driven in my brigade. The following
statement will show that such was not the case:
As you are aware, my line extended on the Potomac from Black Creek
to the month of the Opequon, where General Leejoined me. Upon con-
sultation with Colonel Lee (who was in command of the brigade) the
day before the advance of the enemy, he said that if his pickets were
driven in he would make a stand at Williamstons Cross-Roads, and, if
forced to retire, would fall back to the stone bridge, which he would hold
to the last extremity.
On the morning of October 1, a courier from Colonel Lee informed me
that the enemy were advancing on him, and, soon after, another courier
notified me that Colonel Lee had fallen.back to the cross-roads. Expect-
ing an attack upon my own picket line, I ordered my brigade to be ready
to move, and I sent a few men from the provost-guard toward the stone
bridge, to procure information of the movements of the enemy. In a
short time they returned, and, to my great surprise, informed me that
the enemy had crossed the bridge, and that there were no pickets be-
tween that point and Martinsburg. I instantly sent a squadron down
toward the bridge and ordered up a gun. Proceeding with this force,
I soon saw that the enemy had crossed the bridge, and in a few mo-
ments they appeared between me and the town, not more than 600
yards from the latter. This forced me to recall my squadron, and to
send the gun into town, the only position which was available. Placing
my gnus in position here, I ordered my wagons to go by the Bomney
road (as I had agreed with Colonel Lee to do) to iDarkesville. The First
North Carolina, with two guns, was sent as an escort for the wagons, and
to hold the Winchester road where the cross-road intersected it, in case
I should have to fall back. Afte- my wagons had all got off, and mes-
sages had been sent to bring in my pickets (all of whom had to retire by
lledgesville, as the enemy had got completely in their rear), I withdrew
my two remaining guns from the town, as I was very unwilling to draw
the fire of the enemy upon the village, and placed them in position on a
hill commanding both the Winchester and Tuscarora and Romney roads,
and between the two. All of the brigade, except the First North Car-
olina Regiment and the squadrons on picket, were drawn up as a sup-
})ort to these guns on the Tuscarora road, in advance of the camp of the
North Carolina and South Carolina regiments. From this position, I
wrote to Colonel Lee, telling him that we could retake the town, and the
letter was given to one of his pickets, who failed to send it to the colonel.
As soon as I found the enemy retiring, I ordered up my command
before receiving any order from yourself. My brigade went with Lees
to Flaggs Mill, and were then sent to re-establish their picket line, while
a section of my artillery proceeded to within 2 miles of Shepherdstown,
the last position from which Lees artillery fired that night.
This is a full statement of this affair as far as my brigade was con-
cerned, and I beg to refer you to Colonel Lee, who will, I am sure, cor-
roborate the facts as far as they relate to his brigade. I do not attach
any blame to him that the positions he had designated to hold were not
See p. 12
Page 14
14 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [~ThAr. XXXt
held, nor that his pickets did not give me any notice of the approach of
the enemy. I simply state the facts, that none of my pickets were driven
in; that the enemy did not advance over any road under my supervision,
and that they were within 600 yards of the edge of the town, on the
Shepherdstown road, before I was aware of their proximity. I then
took position in front of my camps, and held it until my pickets were
withdrawn.
In justice to my brigade, I beg that you will transmit this statement to
the general commanding. I did not make a report to you because,
though I had been placed in a most critical position by the failure of
Colonel Lees pickets to communicate with me, still, I met with no loss,
and I did not desire to appear to attach any blame to Colonel Lee. This
was especially the case after he had so frankly, in your presence, apol-
ogized to me for the failure of the plan of operations we had agreed on;
nor do I wish to detract from any commendation you have bestowed on
Lees brigade; my only object is to vindicate my own.
Hoping that you will excuse the minuteness of my statement, I am,
general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WADE HAMPTON,
Major-General STUART. Brigadier-General.
OCTOBER 12, 1862.Reconnaissance from I{arpers Ferry, W. Va., to
Leesburg, Va.
Report of Brig. Gen. Nathan Kimball, U. S. Army.
HEADQUARTERS KIMBALLS BRIGADE,
Harpers Ferry, Va., October 3, 1862.
SIR: I have the honor to report that, in obedience to your orders, I
left camp early on the morning of the 1st instant, with my brigade,
consisting of the Fourth Ohio, Fourteenth Indiana, Seventh Virginia,
Eighth Ohio, and One hundred and thirty-second Pennsylvania Volun-
teers, and the Sixth U. S. Cavalry, with four 3-inch rifled pieces of horse
artillery and Franks battery of light 12-pounders, and, crossing the
Shenandoah on the l)ontoon bridge at Harper~s Ferry, marched, by an
exceedingly rough and difficult road, along the southwest bank of the
Potomac River, to Dutchmans Creek, a mountain brook that empties into
the Potomac at the easterly base of Short Mountain, about 5 miles from
Harpers Ferry, and, taking the road that leads up the gorge through
which this brook runs, passed into the Catoctin Valley, by the way of
Lovettsville. A body of the enemys cavalry, under the command of
Captain White, had been marauding and pillaging in the village and in
the country adjacent the day before, and a Mr. Stoneburner, a Union
citizen and merchant, was robbed and obliged to flee for his life, they
taking from his store not only articles of use to them, but everything
they could carry away, destroying what they could not. I advanced
along this road toward Waterford as rapidly as possible, thoroughly
examining the country on both sides, with both cavalry and infantry
scouts, until, at the village of Waterford, ~he advance guard surprised
and cal)tured 6 of the enemys pickets stationed at that place. The pris-
oners were sent to you immediately.
From information received at this village, I hoped to surprise a body
of the enemys cavalry, which I was led to ihink might be at Lecsbnrg,
and, pushing on rapidly, reached the summit of the Catoctin Mount
Page 15
CHAP. XXXI.] RECONNAISSANCE TO LEESBURG, VA. 15
ains, within 1~ miles of Leesburg, at 8 oclock in the evening, without
meeting with any fnrther signs of his scouts or pickets. I here learned
that a body of 1,200 of the enemy~s cavalry, with two guns. were en-
camped at Snickers Gap, and that 2,000 had left Leesburg that day for
Aldie. Posting three squadrons of cavalry and three guns on the sum-
mit of the mountain, the main body at the intersection of the Waterford
road with the Leesburg and Winchester turnpike, and thoroughly picket-
ing in every direction, 1 rested for the night, the men sleeping on their
arms.
At early dawn, the advance entered Leesburg, and found no enemy
there except a number of sick and convalescent, who were taken pris-
oners and paroled. A list of their names* is hereto attached. At 9
oclock the line of march was taken up, and, leaving Waterford on the
right, I moved, on the road leading through Wheatland and llillsborough
frito the valley between the Blue Ridge and Short Hills, to a point about
10 miles from Harpers Ferry, where I went into camp at 3p. ma. Along
this road the enemys pickets were posted in several places, but they
fled toward the mountains on our approach. In consequence of informa~
tion, brought in by my scouts early in the evening, relating to the roads
leading toward and around the ground I occupied, and that contained
in your dispatch, which reached me at 8.30 oclock in the evening, I
broke up camp and marched into Harpers Ferry that~ night, reaching
the old camp-ground at 2 oclock this morning, having marched 43 miles
in the enemys country in as many hours.
The Catoctin Valley, and the valley between the Blue Ridge and Short
Mountains, in the vicinity of Hilisborough, contain an abundance of hay
and large quantities of grain and cattle, and the inhabitants in the
Catoctin Valley appear, generally, to be loyal.
I ascertained that a force of about 1,200 of the enemys cavalry were
encamped at the pass near Snickersville, and that, with the exception
of occasionally a small squad in search of plunder and conscripts, there
was no enemy in the vicinity of Leesburg or in the Valley of Catoctin.
Information was received that the main body of the rebel army was at
Bunker Hill, half-way between Martinsburg and Winchester, and that
a large force was at Kerustown, 3~ miles south of i~he latter place.
I desire to express to you my admiration of the soldierly conduct of
1)0th officers and men of the Sixth U. S. Cavalry, under the command
of Captain Sanders, as well as that of Major Robertson, of the horse
artillery, and Captain Frank, of the Second New York Artillery, as
exhibited in the thorough and earnest performance of their arduous
(lilties in an exceedingly rough ai~d difficult country; and, although
meeting no enemy, their bearing was such as to inspire me with con-
fidence in their skill and bravery.
My old command fully sustained its reputation for fortitude and en-
durance. Many of them, in a most commendable spirit, left camp, for
this march, who were not physically able to endure it, as the day was
very hot, the country rough, and the march very fatiguing, and some of
these fell out, from sheer exhaustion, and returned slowly to camp; but
the motive that actuated them is an honor. General, I am proud of my
brigade.
I have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
NATHAN KIMBALL,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
Lient. Col. J. H. TAYLOR,
Chief of Staff and Assistant Adjutant- General.
* Omitted
Page 16
16
OPE1~A1~IONS t~ N. VA., W. VA., MP., A~P PA. ~~nAr. Z~t
OCTOBER 2-4, l802.Operations at Blues Gap (or Hanging Rock), Little
Cacapou Bridge, and Paw Paw Tunnel, W. Va.
No. 1.Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, U. S. Army, commanding Army of the Potomac,
of the capture of Union forces at Little Cacapon Bridge, October 4.
No. 2.Col. Amirew T. McReynolds, First New York Cavalry, of the capture of Union
forces at Little Cacapon Bridge and Confederate camp at Hanging Rock,
October 4, with instructions.
No. 3.Col. Jacob M. Campbell, Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Infantry, of the capture
of Union forces at Little Cacapon Bridge and Paw Paw Tunnel, October 4.
No. 4.Asst. Surg. Andrew W. Mathews, Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Infantry, of the
capture of Union forces at Paw Paw Tunnel, October 4.
No. 5.Private John J. Spangler, Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Infantry, of the capture
of Union forces at Paw Paw Tunnel, October 4.
No. 6.General Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, of Imbodens operations, and congratula-
tory letter to him.
No. 1.
Report of Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, U. Army, commanding Army
of the Potomac1 of the capture of Union forces at Little Cacapon Bridge,
October 4.
MCCLELLANS HEADQUARTERS,
October 5, 1862.-11 a. m.
I received a report last night that the railroad bridge across the Little
Cacapon, near Cumberland, was destroyed by 1,500 of Stuarts cavalry
on the night previous, and that the sanie party had captured~a coin-
pany of the Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Colonel McReynolds,
with two regiments of our cavalry, was there, or in the immediate vicin-
ity, as also General Kelley, for the express purpose of preventing such
raids. I ordered Colonel Averell last night to proceed rapidly from
Williamsport, with four regiments of cavalry and a horse battery, to
that section, and to use his utmost endeavors to chastise Stuarts party.
He will act vigorously, and I confideiitly anticipate some good results.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major-General HALLECK, Major- General.
General-in- Chief.
No. 2.
Reports of Gol. Andrew I. McReynolds, First New York Cavalry, of the
capture of Union forces at Little cfacapon Bridge and Confederate camp
at Hanging Rock, October 4, with instructions.
GREEN SPRING, VA.,
October 4, l862f3p. m.
A cavalry force, said to be Stuarts cavalry, made a raid on the rail-
road early this a. in., capturing one company Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania
Regiment, and destroying the Little Cacapon Bridge, and cutting the
telegi-aph line. It is expected they have designs on the South Branc
Page 17
ChAr. XXXI.1 OPERATIONS AT BLUE S GAP, W. VA., ETC. 17
Bridge and Pattersons Creek Bridge to-night. Under these circum-
stances, I feel called upon to remain here until tomorrow, although I
had arranged to leave for Williamsport to-day. If I should withdraw
my force from Springfield-or this point, it would leave the, way open to
the rebels to South Branch Bridge and through to Cumberland.
A. T. McREYNOL~S,
Colonel, Commanding.
General WILLIAMS,
Headquarters Army of the Potomac.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 4, 18627 p. m.
Col. A. T. MOREYNOLDS, Green Spring:
Yon will remain in the vicinity of your present position until further
orders, and take immediate steps to prevent time destruction of the bridges
you refer to in your dispatch of to-day. Call upon any forces in your
vicinity to assist you, if necessary. Acknowledge receipt.
By order of General McClellan:
IR. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 4, 18628.30 p. mu.
Col. A. T. MCREYNOLDS, Green Spring, Va.:
Colonel Averell, commanding four regiments of cavalry, now at Wil -
liamsport, has beemi notified of the state of things, as reported by you, in
your vicinity, and has been ordered to proceed at once with all his avail-
able force to cut off Stuarts cavalry. Endeavor to communicate with
him to-morrow.
H. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Green Spring, Va., October 4, 18621~ p. ni.
(Received 11.45 a. in., October 5.)
General R. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Both your dispatches of this day received. I have taken full pre-
cautionary measures for the protection of the railroad bridges west of
this 1)Oint, having strong pickets at Springfield and Rommicy, to l)revent
any advance by any of these routes. The rebel force, after leaving Little
Cacapon Bridge, moved east on the railroad to Paw Paw, wimere they
captured, at noon to-day, one company entire of the Fmfty-fourth Penn-
sylvania Regimemit, without resistance, then retiring by time Winchester
road. lt consisted of about 1,500 mencavalry and artillery in nearly
equal portions. A battalion, under Captain Boyd, will leave Spring-
fleld early to~morrow morning, with orders to move cautiously toward
Uloomnery Gap, for the purpose of coinmuunicating with Colonel Averell.
A. T. MoREYNOLDS,
Colonel, Commanding.
Copy sent to General Halleck.
2 R R-~--VOL KIX, FT
Page 18
18 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 5, 1862.
Col. A. T. MUREYNOLDS, Green Spring:
Colonel Averell was ordered last night to proceed froiu Williamsport
to the vicinity of the Big Cacapon, to operate against the rebel forces.
I have telegraphed to him, via ilagerstown, to move rapidly up to join
you in the pursuit, but, as he may not receive my dispatch, you will
l)lease seud messengers out on the different roads, to communicate with
him as rapidly as possible, informing him of everything you know in
relation to the enemys movements and the movements of your own
troops.
11. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
GREEN SPRING, October 5, 1862.
General H. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Your dispatch this day received. I have sent detachments on all
routes by which Colonel Averell can approach this vicinity, to commu-
iticate and co-operate with him. imboden retired to Big Cacapon Bridge,
arriving there probably this evening. Eight companies of my command,
under Captain Boyd, are hard after him. My entire effective force is
very small, only about 700 men, and horses almost entirely exhausted.
Ii have sent out all 1 can spare, and retain adequate protection for the
railroad. I have to report, additional to details given this morning, the
utter destruction of Imbodens camp, the haversacks, clothing, and bag-
gage of his ei~tire command, 100 muskets, 3 wagon-loads of musket
ammunition, a large quantity of quartermaster and commissary stores,
his entire wagon-train, bringing away ambulances, two brass mountain
howitzers, a large quantity of canister, ball, and friction primers, leav-
ing behind nothing. Among the prisoners whom I have sent to Cum.
berland were a major and lieutenant.
A. T. MoREYXOLDS,
Colonel, Commanding Brigade.
Copy to General Pleasonton, commanding Cavalry Division, Harpers
Ferry.
HEADQUARTERS FOURTH CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Green Spring, Va., October 5, 18624 a. m.
I have ascertain~d positively that the raid yesterday was comuritted
by Imboden, with 1,500 men500 cavalry and 1,000 infantry. During
the time that Jinboden was absent from his camp, a detachment of the
First New York Cavalry, under Capt. W. H. Boyd, made a raid on his
camp, dispersing the enemy in superior force, capturing 25 prisoners,
2 pieces of artillery, 10 wagons, 20 mules, and 25 horses, together with
all of Imbodens private papers, and other papers of great interest.
This took place on Blues Gap, or Hanging Rock, on the South Branch.
The bridge is covered by my pickets.
A. T. MoREYNOLDS,
General R. B. MARCY, Colonel, 6ommandin~.
Chief of Staff
Page 19
CHAP. XXXI.] OPERATIONS AT BLUE~~ GAP, W. VA., ETC. 19
No. 3.
Reports of Col. Jacob M. Campbell, Fiftij-fourth Pennsylvania Infantry,
of the capture of Union forces at Little Cacapon Bridge and Paw Paw
Tunnel, October 4.
IIDQRS. FIFTY-FOURTH REGT. PENNSYLVANIA VOLS.,
Sir Johns Run, Va., October 9, 1862.
GENERAL: I have to report that, on the morning of the 4th instant,
at 6 oclock, the enemy, with a force of about 900 (supposed to be under
the command of Colonel Imboden, and from Romney), composed of in-
fantry, cavalry, and one piece of artillery, made an attack on Company
K, Fifty-fourth Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers, Captain Newliard,
at Little Cacapon Bridge. Seven men of Company K were wounded,
when the company surrendered. The enemy set fire to the bridge (a
temporary trestle-work) and cut the telegraph wire, and then proceeded
to Paw Paw, 3 miles distant, where Company B, Captain lute, was
stationed. The whole rebel force immediately surrounded them on all
sides, when, deeming resistance useless, that company surrendered.
Finding the telegraph deranged, I took a party of 20 men, in an en-
gine, from this post, and procee(Ied up the railroad to within 5 miles
of Paw Paw. Learning there what had taken place and that the enemy
were coming down the road, I ran the train up to No. 12 water station,
and immediately ordered the detachment of Company E (30 men), at
that post, aboard the train, and started down the road, taking up a de.
tachment of 30 men of Company II, stationed at Orleans road, on the way.
I put off the detachment of Company E at Great Cacapon Bridge, and
brought the detachment of Company II to this post.
About 11 oclock on Sunday night (5th instant) I learned that an
attack on my post opposite Hancock and on the Great Cacapon Bridge
(5 miles above this place) was contemplated by th~ enemy. I immedi-
ately withdrew my force from Cherry iRun to the post opposite Han-
cock, and brought the force from Great Cacapon Bridge to this post,
uniting it with the force here. I marched out the Bath road, placing
my force between the bridge and the road the enemy would have to
travel to get to it.
On Monday, the 6th instant, a force of rebel cavalry came down the
Winchester road, toward Bath. At the same time, an infantry force
advanced, by the Martinsburg road, toward the same point. From
some cause, the cavalry halted about Smiles from here and precipitately
returned, going to Pughtown, I believe. The infantry fell back about
the same time toward Hedgesville, since which I have no positive infor.
mnation concerning them, but have been told by a citizen that they are
encamped on Dr. Hammonds farm, near North Mountain Station. I
have ordered out a scouting party to-day in that neighborhood, and will
endeavor to find out their position and numbers.
The cavalry, under Captain Langholz, sent to me, have been of no
service whatever, as he has not executed any order given him by me.
Ou last Sunday night (5th instant), when cavalry would have been of
great service to my command, he crossed the river, at Sleepy Creek,
into Maryland, without orders, and I heard nothing of him or his com-
mand until yesterday morning (8th instant), when he came here (hav-
ing left his command in Williamsport), with a request from Colonel
Voss., of the Twelfth Illinois Cavalry, that he be relieved from duty
here. As his command was already gone and as General Averell had
l)romised cavalry, I assented to the request of Colonel Voss
Page 20
20 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXI.
I was ordered by IR. B. Marcy, chief of staff to demand of Captain
Langholz his reasons for abandoning his posts and crossing into Mary-
land without orders, which I did, and submit his answer, through you,
in his own words, viz:
My command had no forage or rations for three days; the horses must be shod, and,
as the infantry was ordered to fall back to Maryland, I could not get anything there
for my command.
A. H. LANGHOLZ,
Captain Company B, Twelfth Illinois Cavalry Regiment.
I will only a(ld that forage and rations were to be had at this post
and could have been forwarded to any point on the railroad, if re-
quested, and that the regimental quartermaster at this post has Cap-
tain Langholzs requisition and receipt for forage and rations up to the
4th instant.
On Tuesday evening, the 7th instant, I received orders from li. B.
Marcy, chief of staff, to withdraw my command to Hancock. The order
was countermanded by General Averell on Wednesday, the 8th instant,
as it apl)eared to have been issued upon a misapprehension of facts tel-
egraphed by General Kelley, and I now occupy the same l)OSitiOns on
the road as when I last reported to you, except the posts at Paw Paw
and Little Cacapoi, which are vacant.
The capture of Companies B and K, of my regiment, has so weakened
my conimand that I have not men enough to guard the road properly,
and the companies, in their isolated positions, can olkr but a feeble re-
sistance to the enemy, when attacked by a large force.
Captain Suter, of Company A, Fifty-fourth Regiment, stationed at
South Branch, immediately proceeded, on Sunday, 5th instant, to repair
the telegraph wire, which was completed on Sunday night. The railroad
bridge at Little Cacapon has beemi repaired, and trains will run to-day,
both the telegraph and railroad being in working order as far east as
Cherry iRun.
I am, general, most respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. M. CAMPBELL,
Colonel Fifty-fourth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers.
Major-Gcneral FRANKLIN,
Sixth Army Corps.
HDQRS. FIFTY-FOURTH ItEGT. PENNSYLVANIA VOLS.,
Sir Johns Run, Va., October 13, 1862.
GENERAL: I inclose with this the statement of First Asst. Snrg. An-
drew W. Mathews, and the (lel)ositiou of Private John J. Spangler, of
Company B, both of the Fifty-fourth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers,
in relation to the surren(ler of Company B (Capt. John H. lute), of the
sanme regiment, stationed at Paw Paw, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, on
the 4th instant, to the rebel force, umi der the command of Colonel
Im boden.
The statement of Surgeon Mathews, in connection with the deposi-
tion of Private Spangler, is all the positive information I have l)een
able to obtain, they being the only persons present colmnecte(1 with the
military who were not carried off by Colommel Imboden, but it leaves
little to be added.
From the statemnemit of Surgeon Mathews, it appears that Captain
lute was warmied by the firing at Little Cacapon ($3 miles distant) that
the enemy was near him. More than an hour afterward lie had inform
Page 21
thIAP. XXXI.J OPERATIONS A~ BLUES GAP, W. VA., ETC. 21
tion of their numbers (an overestimate, as it appears to have been), and
it was two or three hours after he had this information before any enemy
appeared in sight, giving him ample time and opportunity to retreat, if
he did not intend to fight.
The deposition of Private Spangler shows that the company was well
prepared, ready and willing to fight, but was basely surrendered by the
officer, without firing a gun.
Captain Hite, although in command, 1 have abundant reason to be-
lieve, has long been governed, in a great measure, by his second lieu-
tenant, H. G. Baer, who, by reason of his social position at home, has
made himself the master spirit jn the company. Being the editor and
proprietor of a newspaper, he has allowed no opportunity to pass to
vilify the administration, and the sentiments attributed to Captain Hite
by Private Spangler are merely the echoes of what appears weekly in
his paper.
The officers of Company B I have, until the 4th instant, regarded as
amongst my personal friends. A sense of duty, nevertheless, com-
l)els me to request, which I now do through you, that Capt. John H.
lute, First Lieut. John Cole, and Second Lieut. Harry G. Baer, all of
Company B, Fifty-fourth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, be dis-
missed from service, for cowardice in the face of the enemy and sur-
ren(lering the company (93 men) prisoners of war, without firing a gun
or endeavoring to retreat.*
I am, general, most respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. M. CAMPBELL,
Colonel Fifty-fourth Regiment Pennsylvania Vois.
Major-General FRANKLIN,
& xth Army Corps.
[Indorseinent.]
HEADQUARTERS SIXTH CoRPs,
October 21, 1862.
Respectfully forwarded. I cordially indorse the recommendation of
Colonel Campbell, and have ordered the arrest of the three officers, and
that they be brought here if they can be found.
W. B. FRANKLIN,
Major-General, Commanding Sixth Corps.
No. 4.
Report of Asst. Surg. Andrew W. Mathews, Fifty fourth Pennsylvania In
fantry, of the capture of Union forces at Paw Paw Tunnel, October 4.
SIR JOHNS RUN, MORGAN COUNTY, VA.,
October 10, 1862.
SIR: In answer to your request, viz, the particulars of the capture
of Company B, Captain Hite, I would state that, on the -morning of
October 4, about 6.30 oclock, I had seated myself in front of my mar-
quec, when my ear was accosted with three volleys of rifle-shots, at
* Captain Hite and Lieutenant Baer resigned in 1864; and Cole (as captain) was
mustered out on expiration of~ service in same year. The records of the Adjutant-
Generals Office exhibit no charges against them
Page 22
22
OPERATIONS IN N. ~A, W. VA., MIX, AND PA. (L~a& r. XXZt
intervals of a few seconds, seemingly iu the direction of Company K,
which was posted about 3 miles distant, as you are aware. I was led
to suppose the company was attacked, and also remarked to Captain
Hites brother-in-law, who was present, that there should be a squad of
men sent to see. He made the remark, There might be a strong force.
After waiting a few minutes, I said, if no one else would go, I would,
and ordered my colored man to saddle my mare, which he did, and I
mounted and rode slowly up the railroad to the spring, which is about
400 yards from Company Ks quarters. From this point I could see
the smoke from the burning bridge and camp, which were both on fire.
But not yet satisfied, I crossed the river, and rode up the tow-path,
almost opposite their quarters; but, as there was a dense fog, and many
bushes along the river bank, I could not see much; but, while sitting
on my nag, a man plunged across the river, a little above me, and was
dodging through the bushes. I hallooed to him, what was the matter?
He said Company K was taken. Are there any wounded ~l ~
was his reply. I then interrogated him as to the number of the rebel
force, which he supposed to be 500. I then rode quickly back to Paw
Paw, and gave the information to Company B. They got into their
rifle-pit, and there remained for two or three hours before the rebels
came upon them. From the time their advance guard made their ap-
pearance until they formed in line of battle, before our rifle-pit, half
an hour at least passed away.
if Captain lute did not intend to fight, he had ample time to get
away, I having given the company correct information of what was
going on at the other company, and, in fact, made the rebel number
greater than it was. There were, I judge, only about 80 to 100 cavalry
and about 150 to 200 infantry when attacking Company B, a portion of
them having kept back with Company Ks prisoners, so I was informed
afterward.
My position was taken about 500 yards, or a little more, distant, on
Paw Paw Ridge, where I could see. The rebels were drawn up iu line
of battle, about 300 or 400 yards distant from the rifle-pit, from which
position they carried their flag of truce up in front of our men. The
officers surrendered the company without firing a gun. There was not
a gun discharged on either side.
From previous conversation had with Captaimi flute, I was led to be-
lieve he would not fight if attacked, and had so expressed myself to one
of the men of his company.
ANDREW W. MATHEWS,
Assistant Surgeon I4ty-fourth Regiment Pennsylvania Vols.
Col. J. M. CAMPBELL,
Commanding Fifty-fourth Regiment Pennsylvania Vol.9.
No. 5.
Deposition of Private John J. Spangler, P~/ty:fourth Pennsylvania In-
fantry, of the capture of Union forces at Paw Paw Tunnel, October 4.
I was present at the surrender of Company B, at Paw Paw, on Satur-
day, October 4, 1862. The first notice of the approach of the enemy
was about sunrise, on Saturday morning, when we heard the firing at
Little Cacapon, about 3 miles up the railroad, where Captain Newhard,
of our regiment, was stationed. We saw the smoke arising from Littl
Page 23
Cu~. XXXI.] OPERATIONS AT I3LTJES GAP, W. VA., ETC. 23
Cacapon Bridge a short time after we heard the firing. Captain Rite
and Lieutenants Cole and Baer were all present, and saw the smoke.
Two of our men started in the direction of Little Cacapon, to see what
was the matter. When the men came back they told the captain that
they had seen the enemy, and that they were coming down that way
(meaning from Cacapon to Paw Paw). This was between 9 and 10a.m.
Reury Schneider and Edward Ackerman were the men wlR reported
the enemy coming, and both belonged to our company. The captain
then told us to get rea(ly, pack our knapsacks, and get into ranks.
After we were in ranks, Captain Rite said, Boys, will you retreat or
fight O?~~ We all said fight. We were then marched into the rifle-
pit. When we were in the rifle-pit, Captain Rite said, Boys, if you
fire, take good aim for the head. We were in the pit between two and
three hours before we saw any of the enemy. We first saw the enemy
in the tow-path, on the canal. We next saw their pickets approach us
on the Virginia side. We were on the Virginia side ourselves. Soon
after, we saw the infantry advance on us, in a single column, on the
Virginia side. They then marched from a hill down into a meadow, and
formed in line of battle, between 400 and 500 yards from us. I suppose
there were between 200 and 300 of the infantry.
At this time Captain Rite said, Boys, will you fight or surrender ~
The great majority of the men replied fight. I only know of two who
said ~ We then saw some cavalry oii the hill, about half
a mile from us. When we saw the cavalry, Captain Bite again said,
Boys, will you fight or surrender? The men replied, as before, fight.
One of the enemy then approached with a flag of truce. Captain Rite
and Lieutenants Cole and Baer went to meet him. I think the cavalry
was about 100 strong. The infantry was, all this time, within rifle-range
of us. I am certain we have practiced at target-shooting farther than
they were from us and did good shooting. There were some 90 of us
in the pit, armed with good Austrian rifles, and each of us supplied with
from 110 to 120 rounds of ammunition. On an average, each of us had 50
rounds of compressed cartridges, and the remainder was the usual paper
cartridge. XVe had plenty of water and hard bread in the pit. The
enemy could not have got to us without crossing an open plain, exposed
to our fire from the pit, where we were protected. The rifle-pits were
pronounced splendid.
When our officers met the man with the flag of truce, he went with
them to the rebel officers, who met them about half-way. They were
gone about five minutes when they returned. When they got to the
rifle-pits, Captain Rite said, Boys, get out of the pits, now. We g~t
out of the pits and into line, when the captain marched us away a short
distance, and ordered us to stack arms. We did so, and found that
we were prisoners. Our officers then went to their quarters, and began
to get their things ready. I heard Captain Rite say, It is a damned
~ Lieutenant Cole seemed to be in a bad humor, and Lieutenant
Baer did not seem to be well pleased. Nobody said anything. I de.
termined not to be taken away, and told Captain Rite if they did not
parole me there I would not go away; they might kill me, but I would
not go. I was sick, and when they marched the company off I went
along about 300 yards, and told them I would not go any fi~rther. I laid
down at a barn, and the rest went ahead. Colonel Imboden commanded
the rebel force. Re saw me at the barn, and told me to go on. I swore
I would not, and did not go with them. I went to Green Spring, and
then reported to the adjutant, at headquarters. There was not a shot
fired on either side at the taking or surrender of our company
Page 24
24 OPEl~ATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CiTAP. XXXI
The evening before the surrender I had made up my mind that Cap-
tain Rite would not fight. A few days before the capture, I heard Cap-
tain Rite say, in his quarters, I wish the rebels would come in and
take the company. This, connected with his very frequent abuse of the
President, among our men, made me think him a traitor. He was very
abusive in regard to the Presidents late proclamation.
JOHN J. SPANGLER.
Sworn and subscribed to before me, October 10, 1862, at Sir Johns
Run, Morgan County, Va.
AARON BEURTOL, J. P.
No. 6.
Report of General Robert B. Lee, 0. S. Army, of imbodens operations,
and congratulatory letter to him.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
October 6, 1862.
SIR: I have the honor to report that on the 2d instant a scoutino
party of Colonel Imbodens command encountered a company of the
enemys cavalry near Hanging Rock, Hampshire Couiity, and captured
Captain Battersby, Company B, First New York Cavalry, 5 of his men,
14 horses, with arms, equipments, & c.
On the morning of the 4th, about day-break, he surprised an intrenched
camp of the enemy at the mouth of the Little Cacapon. A dense fog
enabled one of his companies to gain the trenches before he was discov.
ered. In attempting to escape, 2 of the enemy were killed, 6 wounded,
and Captain Newliard, Lieutenant Wagner, and 55 men of Company K,
Fifty.fourth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, were captured. The
railroad bridge over Little Cacapon was burned, with the companys
buildings, & c.
About 8 oclock the same morning, Colonel Imboden sent his cavalry
across the Potomac to prevent the escape of the company at Paw Paw
Tunnel, and, by leading his infantry across a precipitous mountain, sur-
rounded the place, captured Captain Rite, Lieutenants [John] Cole
and Baer, and 90 men of Company B, Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Volun-
teers. He also captured 175 Austrian rifles and accouterments, and
about 8,000 rounds of water-proof cartridges. The commissary stores,
camp equipage, & c., he was obliged to destroy for want of transporta-
tion. While thus engaged, 200 of the enemys cavalry, from Romney,
made a descent upon his camp, near Cacapon Bridge, and put to flight his
guard and about 100 unarmed men, whom he had left under charge of
Lieutenant Stone. They burned one of his wagons, loaded with com-
missary stores, and attempted to carry off five others, but deserted them
on the road, carrying away the teams. They also burned the carriages
of two of his 3-pounder mountain guns, and carried off the guns in the
wagons. They destroyed his medical chest and captured 8 or 10 of his
men. He subsequently recovered his wagons, with the ammunition and
several of his horses, and reports that his loss will turn out to be small.
I take pleasure in commending to your notice the handsome manner
in which Colonel Ituboden has conducted this operation, and, by his
judicious arrangements, encountered no loss of life on the part of his
command, He had to abandon the destruction of the bridge over the
South Branch of the Potomac. its great strength defied the effects of
fire, and could only be effected by mining. Just before leaving Pa
Page 25
ChAr. XXXI.] RECONNAISSANCE TO NEERSVILLE, YA., ETC. 25
Paw, his scouts reported the arrival east of the tunnel of two large trains,
laden with troops, sent from Hancock to co-operate with the cavalry in
cntting off his retreat.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
R. E. LEE,
General.
Hon. GEORGE W. RANDOLPH,
Secretary of War.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
October 6, 1862.
Col. J. D. IMBODEN, Commanding, ~c.:
COLONEL: I have read with pleasure your report* of the attack upon
the enemys cavalry at Hanging Rock, and the subsequent surprise of
the two companies of the enemys infantry stationed at the mouth of
the Little Cacapon and at Paw Paw Tunnel. The results accomplished,
and the judicious arrangements which enabled you to effect them with-
out loss of life on your part, are deserving of high commendation, the
appreciation of which it gives me pleasure to express, with the request
that you make it known to the officers and men of your command.
I am, with high respect, your obedient servant,
it. E. LEE,
General.
OCTOBER 46, 1862.Reconnaissance from Loudoun Heights to Neersville
and Hillsborough, Va.
Report of ]ieut. Wesley McGregor, Seventy-cighth New York Infantry.
LOUDOUN HEIGHTS, VA.,
October 8, 1862.
By your order, I selected 20 picked men from my company, and pro-
ceeded as far as Neersville, but found no enemy; but was informed that
a squad of rebel cavalry had been about 2 miles north of Neersville, and
had captured 4 of our soldiers.
I, not deeming it safe to proceed any farther with my small force, sent
to you for re-enforcements, which arrived at 6 p. m. I then, having 70
men, considered myself safe from any force of cavalry that could be
brought against me. I took a detachment of 18 men and crossed the
mountains, to capture a rebel soldier, who, I had been informed, was
secreted in a house. On my arrival on the top of the mountains, I was
surprised to find about 30 men, who had been notified to report to Lieu-
tenant Gaves[~], of the Confederate Army, who was stationed at Snick-
ersville, and is the conscript officer of Loudoun County; but they failed
to do so, and the rebels had sent squads of cavalry after them, and they
fled to the mountains for safety. I I)roceeded to and surrounded the
house of Steward Dorr, and took his son James, a rebel soldier, prisoner,
whom I sent to you by Sergeant Cornell.
The fohlow~ng morning, October 5, 1 took the mountain ridge and
marched to within 1 mile of ilulisborough. I there divided my company
in two parties, and marched into the town from two different directions,
hoping to capture a few rebels; but, to my disappointment, they had
* Not found
Page 26
26 OPEThATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA, MD., AND PA. [CRAP. XXXI.
fled, leaving behind about 30 head of cattle and a number of conscripts.
I immediately posted a number of men in the town and marched the
remainder of my company on a hill back of the town, where I was met
by a number of citizens and refugees from the mountains, who, by their
actions, considered us deliverers, and many of the families wept for
joy. Many had been driven from their homes, and dare not return, on
the pain of death. I told them I would give them all the protection in
my power, but dare not inform them of my strength, for fear that other
than loyal ears might find it out.
About 4 p. m. I was informed that a large force of cavalry intended
to attack us that iiight. I waited until dark, and suddenly drew in my
pickets, and formed my men along a stone fence, where I could com-
mand the road on which I expected the enemy to approach. After
waiting some time, I sent a sergeant and 3 men on the mountain, to
build about twenty camp-fires. I waited until about 10.30 p. in., and formed
my company in open order with bayonets fixed, and marched through
the town, in quick time, and a mile beyond, and took possession of a
barn, and rested until nearly daylight, when, by a circuitous route, I
marched back to the hill I had occupied the night before, where I was
shortly informed that 2,000 Yankees had passed through the town the
night before, and a regiment of cavalry had occupied the hill during the
night. (What caused them to think there were cavalry I do not know,
unless it was an old Quakers horse, that was attracted by the fire.) And
such a force the rebels dare not attack.
I was informed of the whereabouts of 65 rebel cavalry, and would have
attacked them had I not been ordered into camp, leaving a large num-
ber of inhabitants unprotected, and two fertile valleys open to the enemys
foraging parties.
Shortly before I started for camp, a squad of rebels rode up near to
our pickets, who fired on them. They wheeled and ran, but were not
quick enough to escape a bullet from one of the pickets guns, which
took effect in a rebels leg.
I learned that at Purceilville the rebels were organizing a company
of cavalry; also, a force of 60 were at Woodville, and at Snickersville
there is a force of 200 men, with two pieces of artillery.
Sir, it is a place that ought to be held, which could be done by a force
of 250 men. Cavalry would be preferable; but, if they could not be
obtained, infantry would do.
Yours, re4spectfully,
W. MCGREGOR,
Lieutenant, Gomdg. Oompany K, Seventy-eighth Yew York Yols.
General GREENE,
Gorndg. Third Brigade, Second Division, Twe~fth Army Uorps.
OCTOBER 8, 1862.Reconnaissance from Conrads Ferry to Leesburg, Va.
Report of Cot. J. H. Hobart Ward.
HEADQUARTERS SECOND BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION,
Near Conrads Perry, Va., October 9,1862.
LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to report that no guides reported to
me to direct the command sent over the river last night; that the com-
zany of cavalry and 100 infantry, under the command of Lieutenant-
Colonel Lakeman, of the Third Maine, ~vent to Leesburg, and have r
Page 27
CHAP. XXXI.] RECONNAISSANCE TO ALDIE, VA., ANTI SEIRMISII.
27
turned, without meeting the enemy; that on the 4th instant Colonel
Egan, of the Fortieth New York, made a reconnaissance over the river
and captnred one caisson, complete, with ammunition, harness, & c.,
about 15 head of cattle, 3 horses, and some baggage, belonging to Gen-
eral Hills command; that I have ordered the cattle to be killed and
distributed among the different regiments in my command; that the
baggage is detained as useless. I should like to be directed as to the
caisson, harness, and horses.
I am, sir, your obedient servant,
J. II. HOBART WARD,
Colonel, Commanding Brigade.
OCTOBER 89, 1862.Reconnaissance from Fairfax Court-House to Aldie,
Va., and skirmish.
Reports of Maj. Gen. Franz Sigel, U. S. Army.
ARLINGTON HousE, October 9, 1862.
Capt. RICHARD B. IRWIN,
Assistant Adjutant- General:
The following is just received:
SIGELS HEADQUARTERS, October 9, 1862.
General HEINTZELMAN:
My cavalry entered Aldie yesterday, making 4 prisoners, who have been paroled;
captured some teams loaded witli bacon, and one ambulance.
My scouts just report from Gum Spring and Hopewell that there are no rebels there.
Shall report when I hear from Leesburg. F. SIGEL.
S. P. HEINTZELMAN,
Major- General.
BANKS HEADQUARTERS,
October 10, 186211.30 a. m.
TVJaj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
Following copy received from General Heiutzelman:
FAIRFAX COURT-HOUSE,
October 9, [1862]ll.50 p. m.
General HEINTZELMAN:
Lieut. S. B. Conger, Third Virginia Cavalry, made an attack on Aldie this noon,
making 4 prisoners, and had quite a sharp skirmish on the other side of the town.
The enemys loss was 1 killed and 3 wounded. No loss on our side. Finding the
enemy too strong, he fell back to a toll-gate 7 miles this side of Aldie, to which point
the enemy followed. A stronger detachment will be sent to the same place during
the night, and also a detachment to Hopewell Gap. Information has been received that
Longstreets corps is stationed 6 miles out of Winchester, on the Martinsburg road,
and Jacksons forces are reported to be on the Harpers Ferry road. General Stuart
is reported absent from XVinchester; his cavalry are guarding their right flank. Their
pickets extend 9 miles out from Winchester toward Middlebnrg. A rumor among the
rebel soldiers last Sunday that within a weeks time they will make their way to
Manassas. The arms captured at Harpers Ferry by them have been distributedamong
the conscripts. The teams captured to-day, hauling bacon at Middieburg, were pre-
nared to move the bacon from Middleburg to Winchester. They have subsisted en-
tirely of late npon flour and fresh beef, bacon being very scarce. Last Sunday they
expected an attack by our forces from Martinsburg. None but the sick and wounded
soldiers occupy the town of Winchester. Three rebel scouts passed through Hunters
Mill to-day on their way to Aldie. F. SIGEL,
Major-Gcszeral.
BANKS,
Major- Generai
Page 28
28
OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXI.
FAIRFAX COURT-HOUSE, TA.,
L. HUNT, [October 10, 1862]1.30 p. m.
Acting Assistant Adjutant- General:
Captain Conger, Third Virginia Cavalry, whom I sent to Aldie last
night with 60 cavalry, reports the following:
ALDIE, 6.30 p. in.
All right. Nobody here; all gone to Middleburg. First Lieutenant [George F.]
Means, rebel, of Balls cavalry, was killed yesterday in the fight; also one private
and Captain Balls brother wounded.
7.10 P.M.
Captain Gardner, from Centreville, has just come in with 45 men. We will move
out toward Middleburg.
F. SIGEL,
Major- General, Commanding.
OCTOBER 912, 1862.Stuarts Expedition into Maryland and Pennsyl
vania.
SUMMARY O~ TIlE PRINCIPAL EVENTS.
October 10, 1~6~2.Skirmishes at McCoys, or Kinsells, Ferry, and near Green Spring
Furnace, Md.
Capture of Signal Station on Fairview Heights, Md.
Capture of Chambersburg, Pa.
11, 1862.Skirmish near Gettysburg, Pa.
12, 1862.Skirmish near month of the Monocacy, Md.
Skirmish at Whites Ford, Md.
]~EPOI~TS.
No. 1.Maj. Gen. John E. Wool, U. S. Army, commanding the Middle Department.
No. 2.Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, U. S. Army, commanding Army of the Poto-
mac.
No. 3.Maj. Albert J. Myer, Chief Signal Officer, U. S. Army.
No. 4.Brig. Gen. John R. Kenly, U. S. Army, commanding at Williamsport.
No. 5.Capt. Thomas Logan, Twelfth Illinois Cavalry.
No. 6.Brig. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Division.
No. 7.Brig. Gen. William W. Averell, U. S. Army, commanding First Cavalry Bri-
gade.
No. 8.Col. Richard H. Rash, Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry.
No. 9.Brig. Gen. George Stoneman, U. S. Army, commanding division.
No. 10.Brig. Gen. J. H. Hobart Ward, U. S. Army, commanding Second Brigade.
No. 11.Col. Henry G. Staples, Third Maine Infantry.
No. 12.Lient. Col. Moses B. Lakeman, Third Maine Infantry.
No. 13.Col. Elijah Walker, Fourth Maine Infantry.
No. 14.Col. Thomas W. Egan, Fortieth New York Infantry.
No. 15.Lient. Col. Edwin R. Biles, Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry.
No. 16.General Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Army of Northern Virginia.
No. 17.Maj. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Division.
No. 18.Brig. Gen. Wade Hampton, C. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Brigade.
No. 19.Correspondence and orders relating to movements of the Union forces
Page 29
CIAL. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 29
No. 1.
Report of Afaj. Gen. John E. Wool, U. S. Army, commanding the Middle
Department.
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY CORPS,
Baltimore, Aid., October 14, 1862.
GENERAL: On Friday evening I received (about 10 oclock) informa-
tion, by telegraph, from Governor Curtin, of Pennsylvania, that the
3,000 rebel cavalry, and a section of artillery, under the command of
General Stuart, were in possession of Chambersburg. it appears that
the town had been surrendered upon the demand of the rebel general.
I immediately ordered three regiments and a battery of six pieces to be
got ready and proceed at once to Harrisburg; afterward I ordered a
fourth regiment.
The next morning, at 6 oclock, and as soon as I could obtain a special
train, I proceeded to Harrisburg, where I arrived early in the (lay, and
visited Governor Curtin. He appeared quite anxious about the safety
of Carlisle. Although I did not agree with him on the subject, yet I
proceeded to that place. On the way I received a telegram, informing
me that the rebels had gone to Emmittsburg. I returned immediately
to flarrisburg, and saw Governor Curtin, who had received the same
information. I at once proceeded to Hanover Junction, where I arrived
about 4 a. in., and where I met my troops ordered from Baltimore.
These I immediately set in motion for Gettysburg, where they arrived
about 1 p. in., and headed off the rebel cavalry, previous to which the
advance of the rebels had been attacked by some of the Home Guards,
when they retreated, leaving 5 prisoners in the possession of the Home
Guards.
The rebels went to Emmittsburg, and from there to Waynesborough,
and were proceeding toward Boonsborough, when, on being informed of
the advance of Pleasonton, they changed their course and proceeded
with all haste to the Potomac, in a more easterly direction, and, as I was
informed, by telegraph from Major.General McClellan, in the following
language, viz:
General Pleasonton, who was in pursuit of the rebel cavalry, reports that they have
been driven back into Virginia, crossing the Potomac near the mouth of the Monocacy,
and having marched 90 miles in the previous twenty-four hours, while Pleasouton, in
I)ursuit, marched 78 miles in the same time.
Colonel Cram, under whose direction I placed the troops at Gettys-
burg, reported to me on Sunday that the rebels had retired to Har-
bachs Valley.
Oii Monday, 2.30 p. in., he reported, by telegram, that a part of the
rebels, he thought, from information received, were yet in ilarbachs
Valley. He sent scouts to ascertain, who were to report to him last
night or this morning. I think the colonel will find that all the rebel
cavalry have returned into Virginia, and have probably escaped alto-
gether the vigilance of Major-General McClellan, having, in the meami
time, made nearly the whole circle of the Army of the Potomaccer-
tainly a bold and daring enterprise, in the execution of which the sol-
diers at Chambersburg changed the rags which covered them for the
uniform clothing of the United States, and supplied themselves on their
route with 1,000 fresh horses, besides destroying, at Chambersburg,
the railroad depot, with all the rolling-stock. They also tore up some
of the rails of the road, and destroyed several bridges.
Myself and staff were in motion from Friday evening until yesterda
Page 30
30 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CI[Ar. XXXI.
afternoon at 2 oclock, when we returned to Baltimore. During that
time we had no rest or sleep, except what little could be taken in the
cars.
From want of cavalry, we could not follow the enemy, as he; from
reports made to me, kept cOntinually on the trot, and sometimes even
galloped his horses.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN E. WOOL,
Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLEUX, Major- General.
General-in- Chief.
No. 2.
Report oJ Maj. Gun. George B. McClellan, U. AS~. Army, commanding
Army of the Potomac.*
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 12, 18626 p. m.
The rebel cavalry under Stuart, which left Chambershuro- yesterday
morning in the direction of Gettysburg, reached the Potomac, near the
mouth of the Monocacy, at about 9 a. m. to-day, having marched about
1O() miles in twenty-four hours. General Stoneman, who was at Pooles-
ville, near where the rebels passed, was ordered by telegraph, at 1 oclock
p. m. yesterday, to keep his cavalry well out on all the different ap-
l)roaches from the direction of Frederick. so as to give him time to mass
his forces to resist their crossing into Virginia. As you will see from the
dispatch of General Pleasonton, just received and herewith transmitted,
it does not appear that he complied with this order. He will be called
upon for an explanation of this matter. It would seem that Pleasontons
forces, although within but a short distance of Poolesville, received but
little assistance from Stoneman.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIvIsION,
Camp near Mouth of Monocacy, October 12, [186211.30 P. in.
General R. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
This morning, after my dispatch of 1.30, my advance guard met Stuarts, disguised
in our uniforms, and, before they were recognized, a fire was opened, and, very soon
after, their guns began to play upon us. In consequence of the weakness of the bat-
tery horses, they having marched 78 miles in the last twenty-four hours, they could
not move the pieces, and I had only two pieces that I could bring to bear on the
enemy.
This continued for upward of an hour, when I succeeded in getting up my six guns
and soon silenced their battery. They retreated hastily and covered the ford, 3 miles
below, with their guns on this side and some guiis that were placed in position for
them on the other. I sent a regiment of cavalry and some infantry down the tow-
path to intercept their crossing, and used every exertion to get my guns to follow
them, but the horses could not pull up the hills, and I was obliged to use men. This
took time enough for the rebels to escape. There was no artillery at this point, and,
with the exception of a few infantry companies, I had no assistance. I held Stuart in
check for two hours, but, for the reasons 1 have assigned, it was necessary to have
timely assistance to capture his party. My men have behaved admirably.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General.
Six regiments of my cavalry had been sent to Cumberland to prevent
the rebel depredations upon the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, which
8ee also Part I, pp. 72~4
Page 31
CHAP. XXXII STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 31
left us very deficient in cavalry here. As soon as Stuarts approach
was known, however, one of these regiments was ordered back, but has
not yet arrived.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
Major-General llAI~LEcK,
General-in-Chief.
No. 3.
Aeport of Maj. Albert J. Myer, Chief 8ignal Officer, U. AS~. Army.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Camp near Knoxville, Md., October 21, 1862.
Sin: I have the honor to snbmit the following report of operations of
the Signal Corps of the Army of the Potomac, as relating to the recent
passage of the lines of this army by a rebel cavalry force, under Maj.
Gen. J. E. B. Stuart:
Early on the morning of October 10,1862, a force of cavalry and artil-
lery, es~Amated, by the signal officers who afterward saw them, as con-
sisting of four regiments of cavalry and four guns, crossed from Virginia
into Maryland at the McCoy Ford [Ferry] of the Potomac. The officers
at the signal station on Fairview Heights were, about 8 oclock a.
attacked by a party of about 20 of this cavalry, detached for that pur-
pose, and were so nearly surprised at their station as to lose 2 privates,
taken prisoners, and nearly all of their signal equipments. I refer for
details to the inclosed report (A) of Lient. W. W. Rowley, acting signal
officer, in charge of Fairview Station. It does not appear that these
officers can be held blamable for a neglect of duty. According to the
statement submitted, the valley of the river was, on that morning, ob-
scured by fog. The river itself, the roads in Maryland leading from the
ford, and the road by which the enemy approached the station were not
visible from any point upon the mountain. The officers were not noti-
fied by any pickets or others as to the approach of the enemy. I am
not informed whether the enemy ought to have been seen in Virginia
approaching the river, and prior to crossing.
Upon being driven from the station, Lients. W. W. Rowley and W. B.
Roe, acting signal officers, rode to Clear Spring, a distance of 3 miles
from the station, and there reported the facts to Captain Russell, of the
First Maryland Cavalry, who immediately sent the dispatch to Gen-
eral Kenly, commanding at Williamsport. Lieutenant Rowley also
dispatched a courier, with a statement of facts, to the signal station near
ilagerstown, in charge of Lieut. J. II. Spencer. This courier arrived and
reported to Lieutenant Spencer at about 11 a. m. Lieutenant Spencer
at once reported the fact to General W. T. II. Brooks, commanding at
Hagerstown. Lieutenants Rowley and Roe themselves arrived at ilagers-
town at about 2 p. in., when they made a statement of facts, giving the
probable force of the enemy and the~ number of his guns to Generals
Franklin and Brooks, then at that place. A hasty report, in writing (C),
made by them at that place, and addressed to me at these headquarters,
is timed 2 p. m. of that day.
At about 12 p. m. of October 10, I had the unofficial information of
the crossing at these headquarters. The orders, of which the inclosrn~
Page 32
32 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXI.
(B) is a copy, were, at that hour, given for the disposition of the signal
parties for the ensuing day. The stations occupied by noon on Saturday,
October 11, were: At Fairview Heights, communicating with ilagers-
town and Williamsport; at General F. J. Porters headquarters, com-
municating with a station on Elk Mountain; on Catoctin Ridge, west of
Frederick, commanding both the Frederick and Middletown Valleys;
on Sugar Loaf Mountain; on Point of Rocks, and on Maryland Heights,
the four latter communicating with general headquarters, and a station
on Washington Monument,* overlooking the Hagerstown Valley, and
ordered to communicate to Hagerstown. This communication failed, for
some reason, to be established. Some reports of minor importance were
received from these stations on Saturday. The enemy was not, how-
ever, anywhere visible from them. On Saturday night the officers on
Catoctin Ridge and on the station east of that ridge were notified the
rebel force would possibly try to pass the Potomac near the Monocacy.
On the morning of the 12th October, the signal report of 4.30 a. m.
(No. 1), from Sngar Loaf Mountain, forwarded by electric telegraph from
Frederick, and received here between 8 and 9 a. in., announced nothing
as visible at the hour first mentioned, from the mountain. This report
was almost immediately, as to the time of the arrival here, followed by
another (No. 2), upon which time is not marked, and which was probably
made from Sugar Loaf soon after daylight, as follows: It is reported
that the rebels have crossed. We can see heavy bodies of troops near
Hyattstown. In reply to an inquiry from these headquarters as to what
arm, and how uniformed, the Sugar Loaf Station, at 11 a. m. (No. 7), re-
plied, All that are reported are cavalry, with gray uniforms. At 9.45
a. in. Sugar Loaf Station announced (No. 5) the opening of a battery by
the enemy, between the mouth of the Monocacy and Poolesville, a little
west of south of Sugar Loaf Mountain. At 12.15 and 12.30 p. m. the
reports of the Sugar Loaf Station (Nos. 9 and 10) showed the enemy then
still crossing the Potomac, and, so far as can be judged, at at least two
l)oints. A final report, received about 5p. m. of that day, announced that
no enemy was then visible froni that position. Reports received during
the day from Point of Rocks show the enemy to have been visible from
that place, and some of them dressed in the United States uniform. In-
formation having been received at these headquarters that the enemy
had scattered, and that most of them were at Point of Rocks (this about
3 p. in.), the station, in reply to an inquiry, at once informed these head-
quarters that there were none of the enemy in that vicinity, but that
troops, dressed in our uniform, were on the Virginia side of the Potomac.
The station on (Datoctin Ridge, west of Frederick, reported the sound
and apparent direction of the cannonade as soon as it was heard. While
the engagement was progressing near the Monocacy, the station at
Fairview Heights reported, through Hagerstown, as to appearances at
(3hambersburg, the movement of infantry upon the turnpike near Han-
cock, and that there were none of the enemy in the vicinity or visible
from Fairview (No. 6). The station upon Elk Mountain reported early
in the morning (No. 3) the fact that no enemy was in its view, and, at
various times throughout the day, reports were received from Maryland
Heights. The final report of the day was that of Point of Rocks, trans-
mnitted through Maryland heights (No. 12), and announcing that at 5
p. m. the enemys mounted pickets were visible in Vjrginia, opposite
iNolands Ferry, and that long lines of smoke could be seen in the vicinity
of Leesburg.
Near ~3oonsborou~h, Md
Page 33
C~r. XXXI.) STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 33
I have the honor to inclose herewith copies of all official messages
received on that day of which record was made.
With the exception of the station upon Washington Monument, which
failed to communicate with ilagerstown, the officers on duty were every-
where on the alert, and the orders given them successfully obeyed. The
case of an officer absent from his station is now under investigation. I
have only to regret that the efforts of those who well did their duty
were not followed by successes to our arms, to which they could claim
to have contributed.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
ALBERT J. MYER,
Signal Officer and Major U. S. Army.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant-General, Army of the Potomac.
[Thelosuro A.]
ALBERT J. MYER,
Signal Officer and Major U. S. Army:
SIR: In compliance with orders from Headquarters Arlny of the Poto-
mac, I have the honor to report that, on October 10, 1862, our signal
party was surprised by a body of rebel cavalry, about 8 a. in., approach-
lag the station. During the morning, the valley along the river was
filled with a dense fog, which prevented seeing any portion of the river.
The point at which the rebels crossed the river is hid entirely from view
from any l)oint on this mountain; also, the road over which the force
came after leaving the river is not visible, not even the slightest portion
of it, from anyplace upon this mountain. The turnpike leading over the
mountain, and which they crossed about 1 mile below our station, is
winding, and can be seen from no one 1)Oiilt. but at a very few rods from
our station it can be seen about 20 rods. Here it was we first saw the
rebel cavalry approaching. They were on us in a very short time from
our first seeing them. We had just succeeded in saddling our horses,
at least part of us; Privates Vincent and Emge had not finished sad-
dling theirs, which accounts for their capture. They were trying to
save their horses with themselves. The men lost all their extra cloth-
rng, 3 McClellan saddles and bridles, 2horses, 2 full sets flags, 1 saber,
3 pistols, 2 telescopes, 2 marine glasses, and 2 kites, none of which have
beeii recovered.
Lieutenant iRoe and myself rode to Clear Spring, about 3 miles from
the station, and there reported to Captain Russell, of the First Mary-
land Cavalry. He immediately sent our dispatch to General Kenly, at
Wilhiainsport. We then rode to Hagerstown. Previously to this I had
sent a man to Lieutenant Spencers station, near Hagerstown, with state-
ment of facts. He reported to Lieutenant Spencer about 11 a. in. Lieu-
tenant Spencer immediately reported the facts to General Brooks, com-
manding at ilagerstown. Lieutenant Roe and myself reached Hagers-
town about 2 p. in., when we immediately reported the facts of cross-
in g and their l)robable force, with four pieces of artillery, to Generals
Franklin and Brooks. We remained at ilagerstown all night. Re-
turning to this station the next morning, found everything quiet, and
have remained here since, comniunicating with stations at Williamsport
and ilagerstown.
I have the honor to be, respectfully, yours,
W. W. ROWLEY,
Acting Signal Officer.
3 R ~YOL XIX, PT I
Page 34
34 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
[Inclosure B.]
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 10, 186212 p.m.
Capt. B. F. FISHER
Gommanding Signal Detachment:
The rebel General Stuart; with about 3,000 cavalry and two batteries,
took Chambersbnrg this afternoon, and is now trying to return to Vir-
ginia. By daylight to-morrow you will have a party at Williamsport,
to communicate with Rowley; one on Washington Monument, to corn.
municate with Spencer, at Hagerstown; one on Catoctin Ridge, west of
Frederick, commanding the valleys on both sides of the ridge, and com-
municating with a point as near as is practicable to this camp. Notify
Point of Rocks of the facts. All are to look out and instantly report
any force of this nature trying to move across the Potomac, Washing-
ton Monument reporting to Hagerstown, Rowley reporting to ilagers-
town and Williamsport, and stations on Catoctin Ridge reporting near
here. Carry out these orders as promptly as possible.
Send a party to assist Rowley and ascertain whether he is taken
prisoner, as is possible, the enemy being reported as having crossed at
the ford near Fairview. Cox is at Hancock, with his division in railroad
cars, and will move by rail the instaiit he receives information. Officers
will return after forty-eight hours, unless otherwise ordered.
By order of Maj. A. J. Myer:
WM. S. STRYKER,
Fir8t Lieutenant and Adjutant, Signal Corps.
[Inclosuro C.]
SIGNAL STATION,
iliagerstown, Md., October Th, 18622 p. m.
ALBERT J. MYER,
Signal Officer and Major U. S. Army:
SIR: This morning, soon after break of day, a force of the enemys
cavalry and artillery, of which we saw at least four regiments of cavalry
and two pieces of artillery, crossed the Potomac at or near Dam No. 4,
capturing several of our l)iCkCts afl(I several refugees from Virginia.
The force then l)roceeded toward the turnpike leading from Fairview,
and crossed it about 1 mile beyond Fairview, and proceeded up a dirt
road into a valley called Little Cove.
The first that we knew of their being in our vicinity was a force of
about 20 cavalry appearing in sight, about 20 rods from our station. We
immediately abandoned the station, those of us that had oar horses sad-
dled. We were obliged to leave everything except our side-arms. We
proceeded to Clear Spring, and found that Captain Gary, with his cavalry,
had fallen back toward Williamsport, about 3 miles. He had previously
called in all his pickets from along the river and canal. Some of his
pickets were forced to retire toward Hancock. The cavalry and artil-
lery was seen to enter the Little Cove above mentioned. From the
Little Cove there are two roads, one of which leads toward Hancock, the
other, through a gap in the mountain, to the Clear Spring and Mercers-
burg turnpike.
What their object or intentions may be is entirely unknown to us.
General Coxs division passed Fairview on the road to Hancock between
3 and 5 a. m. He must be aware of the raid, as some of the pickets fell
back that way.
* * * * * *
Page 35
CHAP. XXXI.] STUART S EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 35
The fog was so dense upon the river that we could not see the country
about the river where they crossed.
W. W. ROWLEY,
First Lieut. Twenty-eighth N. IT. Vols., and Actg. Sig. Officer.
W. B. ROE,
First Lieut. Sixteenth ]Iliich. Vols., and Actg. Sig. Officer.
[Inciosure D.]
Signal communications received October 12, 1862, and relating to move
inents of rebel forces within the lines of the Army of the Potomac.
SUGAR LOAF, October 12, 18624.30 a. m.
No. 1. All quiet.
Lieutenant CAREY.
SUGAR LOAF, October 12, 1862.
No. 2. It is reported that the rebels have crossed. We can see heavy
bodies of troops near llyattstown.
Lieutenant CAREY.
ELK MOUNTAIN, October 12, 18627.45 a. in.
No. 3. As yet no sign. of enemy visible.
Lieutenant OWEN.
CATOOTIN RIDGE, October 12, [186239.30 a. m.
No. 4. Reports of canuon heard in the direction of Sugar Loaf
Mountain.
Lieutenant WIGGINS.
SUGAR LOAF, October 12, [186239.45 a. m.
No. 5. The rebels have opened a battery between tbe mouth of the
Monocacy and Poolesville, a little west of south. One battery is reply-
ing.
Lieutenant CAREY.
FAIRVIEW, October 12, 186210 a. rn.
No. 6. No unusual quantity of smoke at Chambersburg this a. in.
Can see a force approaching on the turnpike from Hancock, with train
of 10 wagons. No enemy in sight. All quiet.
Lientenaut ROWLEY.
SUGAR LOAF, October 12, 186211 a. m.
No. 7. All that were reported were cavalry, with gray uniforms.
Lieutenant CAREY.
SUGAR LOAF, October 12, 186211.10 a. in.
No. 8. The enemy crossed at south side of Monocacy, and opened a
battery. One battery is replying.
Lieutenant CAREY.
SUGAR LOAF, October 12, 186212.15 p. m.
No. 9. There is at least one regiment of the enemys cavalry on this
bank of the Potomac, and they are now recrossing that river at about
2 miles the other side of the Monocacy.
Lieutenant CAREY
Page 36
36 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
SUGAR LoAF, October 12, 186212.30 p. m.
No. 10. Yes; have seen them and can still see them crossing from
Maryland into Virginia.
Lieutenant CAREY.
SUGAR LOAF, October 12, 18625 p.m.
No. 11. No enemy visible from this point.
Lieutenant YATES.
POINT OF RocKs, October 12, 18629 p. m.
No. 12. We could see the cavalry pickets of the enemy at 5 p. m.
opposite Nolands Ferry. At the same time saw a long line of smoke
in the vicinity of Leesburg.
Lieutenants FORTESCUE and KENDALL.
SUGAR LOAF, October 12, [1862]12 p. m.
No. 13. All quiet.
Lieutenant CAREY.
No. 4.
Report of Brig. Gen. John R. Kenly, U. S. Army, commanding at Will.
iamsport.
HEADQUARTERS,
TVilliamsport, Md., October 15, 1862.
COLONEL: I have the honor to forward herewith the report of Cap.
tam Logan, Twelfth Illinois Cavalry, accompanied with a note from
Col. A. Voss, commanding Fifth Cavalry Brigade, in reference to the
recent advance into Pennsylvania by the enemys cavalry: -
My instructions from your headquarters were to picket and guard
the fords from Wilhiamsport to Cherry Run, and, in obedience to your
orders, I posted pickets at McCoys Ferry and Cherry Run. That these
l)ickets discharged their duty faithfully the report of Captain Logan will.
show, for I had information, at 7.30 a. m. Friday, the 10th instant, that
the enemy was crossing at McCoys Ferry, sent to me by Capt. William
J. Gary, Third Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, and Lieut. Col. John
G. Johannes, commanding Eighth Regiment Maryland Volunteers, sta-
tioned at Cowtons farm. The information thus obtained I immediately
forwarded to Major-General Couch, at Downsville, and to Brig. Gen.
W. T. II. Brooks, commanding at HagerstOwn.
At 8 a. m. same day I dispatched Capt. Charles II. Russell, command-
ing Company I, First Maryland Cavalry, out the Clear Spring road, to
watch the movements of the enemy, and at 10 a. m. I received a note
from Captain Russell, informing me that the enemy were moving toward
Mercersbnrg, Pa., which information I also forwarded to Major-General
Couch and to Brigadier-General Brooks. The first information (verbal)
which I received was that the enemys cavalry and artillery were moving
slowly toward Williamsport, and I accordingly made disposition to hold
this post.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN R. KENLY,
Brigadier- General, Maryland Brig., Gomdg. at William8port.
Lieut. Col. OLIVER D. GREENE,
A. A. U. and Chief of Staff, Sixth A. C., Hagerstown, Aid
Page 37
CHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 37
No. 5.
Report of Capt. Thomas Logan, Twelfth Illinois Cavalry.
WILLIAM~PORT, MD., October 15, 1862.
COLONEL: In accordance with an order received from your head-
quarters, delivered me at 5.30 p. m. on the 7th instant, ordering my
command to report to Captain Gary, at Clear Spring, to assist in pick-
eting the Potomac River from McCoys Ferry to Cherry Run, I pro-
ceeded, leaving Williamsport, Md., at 6 p. m. same day, arriving at
Clear Spring at 8 oclock. Reported to Captain Gary and proceeded
to the Four Locks, where I found Captain Treichel, in command of two
companies of the Third Pennsylvania Cavalry. I encamped here for
the night, posting a picket on the Cherry Run road, at Green Spring
Furnace.
Next morning I moved my command to a cross-road half a mile east
of Green Spring Furnace, and about 1 mile from McCoys Ferry. I
agreed with Captain Treichel to picket the Cherry Run road, from Green
Spring Furnace to Cherry Run, a distance of ~k miles, and also to l)icket
the draw-bridge over the canal, immediately south of old Fort Fred-
erick.
On the morning of the 8th I placed my pickets accordingly, placing
4 men at the furnace, where the Cherry Run road crosses the road from
the mountain to McCoys Ferry, and only about a half mile from the
ferry; 4 men at the bridge before mentioned 4 men on the hill at the
school-house, 2 miles from Cherry Run, and 4 men to patrol the road
from this point to the ferry or ford, called Cherry Run. My pickets re-
mained as above posted during the days and nights of the 8th and 9th
instant, nothing occurring worth notice.
On the morning of the 10th, at daybreak, by my time 5.30 a. in., I
was informed by Mr. Jacques, a citizen living near my reserve, that the
enemy were crossing at McCoys Ferry, apparently in force. I imme-
diately ordered my reserve to mount, starting a messenger at the same
time to Captain Gary, at Clear Spring, and getting my camp equipage
and baggage loaded. I started the team to Clear Spring, and was drawn
up in line of battle in five minutes. Knowing that the crossing at Mc-
Coys Ferry, being below all my pickets, would cut them off, I ordered
Sergt. E. N. Pratt to proceed with 3 men, and, if possible, pass the cross-
road at the furnace before the enemy occupied the place, gather up all
my pickets, and go to Fairview and down the pike to Clear Spring, which
he succeeded in doing, not~ however, until 3 p. in., having been cut off
and, at one time, surrounded by the enemy. I feel that Sergeant Pratt
and the 16 men with him deserve great praise for their courage and dis-
cretion.
At about 5.40 oclock the enemy fired ten or fifteen shots on my
pickets at the furnace without elThct, the pickets falling back on the
reserve in good order. The enemy immediately occupied the cross-
roads and planted one gun on the hill opposite the furnace, near the
store, commanding the cross-roads and the road up to my reserve. On
seeing artillery 1 immediately dispatched a second messenger with
these facts to Captain Gary. The messenger found, on arriving at
Clear Spring, that Captain Gary had fallen back to Dam I~o.5, where he
proceeded to report. By this messenger, on his return, II was ordered
to fall back by Four Locks to Dam No. 5. Before receiving this order,
which was not received until 9 a. in., owing to the distance, I had
(believing the force, intended to proceed immediately to Clear Spring)
fallen back on the Clear Spring road one-half or three-fourths of a mile
Page 38
38 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CLu~. XXXI.
still holding the road by my rear guard, to within 400 yards of the fur-
nace. At one time they made an advance on my rear guard, and were
fired on by them, killing 1 man and wounding 1 horse. They returned
the fire without effect, when they fell back to the furnace, evidently not
wishing to become engaged.
I occupied the ground until 9 oclock, looking on their movements;
saw their column; estimated their number at 2,500 cavalry; saw eight
pieces of artillery, a number of army wagons, and a few ambulances.
Fitiding the enemy did not wish to approach Clear Spring by the road
I was occupying, I fell back to Clear Spring, about 1 p. m. I found by
this time that the advance of the column had arrived at a point 3 miles
north of Clear Spring, taking the Mercersbnrg road. I immediately
placed pickets on all the roads north of Clear Spring, occupying the
l)lace until 5 p. in., when, by order of Captain Gary, I fell back on the
Williamsport road to within 2~ miles of Williainsport, placing pickets
on the road to Cowtons farm, where I remained until after midnight,
when I was relieved by Company C, of the Twelfth Illinois Cavalry.
I must say that, without a single exception, the men of my command
behaved admirably, ready all day to do any duty asked of them; and,
notwithstanding we mounted in the morning without breakfast, and re-
mained in the saddle until midnight. without eating, there was no murmur.
Nothing further occurred worthy of notice except that, by the accidental
discharge of a carbine, one of my horses was seriously wounded.
Your obedient servant,
THOMAS LOGAN,
Captain Conpany U, Twelfth illinois Cavalry.
Col. A. ~foss,
Twelfth illinois ~Javalry, ~Jomdg. E~fth Uqvalry Brigade.
No. 6.
Report of Brig. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry
Division.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
Camp near Knoxville, Aid., October 13, 1862.
GENERAL: I have the honor to report the movements of my com-
mand in pursuit of the rebels who recently made a raid to Chambers-
burg, Pa.
On Saturday morning [October ii], at 4 oclock, I received my orders
to start with my command, and soon after I was en route to Hagers-
town, where I arrived at about 11 a. m. Receiving information there
that the rebels were moving in the direction of Mercersburg, I started
with my command toward Clear Spring, on the Hancock road, to inter-
cept them, and had proceeded some 4 miles when I was ordered to halt,
by dispatch from headquarters, and await further orders.
About 1.30 p. in. I received orders to move to Mechaniestown, via
Cavetown and Harmons Gap, sending patrols to Emmittsburg and Get-
tysburg to obtain information of the enemy. I executed these orders,
and arrived at Mechanicstown about 8.30 p. in., from which point I sent
ont scouts in the direction of Emmittsburg, Taneytown, Middleburg,
and Graceham, and picketing all the roads in that vicinity.
At 12.30 a. in. my scouts in the direction of Middleburg reported
that the rebel cavalry, under Stuart, had passed through a small town,
called Middletown, some 5 miles to the east of Mechanicstown, one hou
Page 39
CHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 39
before that time, taking a private road to Woodsborough, to which place
they said they were going, and from thence to Liberty, on the road to
the mouth of the IXionocacy. They had traveled at a trot, aiid were
continuing to do so. As soon as I received this information I started
immediately for the mouth of the Monocacy, via Frederick City, passing
through the latter about 5 oclock in the morning, and reaching the
Monocacy about 8 a. in. Upon my arrival I found some 400 or 500 in-
fantry guarding the canal aqueduct, and picketing the roads and fords
in the vicinity. They told me that they had not seen or heard anything
of the enemy. I immediately crossed the Monocacy with the portiou
of my command that had come up, viz, a part of the Eighth Illinois
Cavalry, a part of the rihird Indiana Cavalry, and two guns of Pen-
ningtons battery, and sent forward a company on the Barnesville road
to reconnoiter that place, while the maiu column should move in the
direction of Poolesville, to take up a position most suitable for covering
the fords in that vicinity.
My advance squadron had not proceeded more than 1~ miles from the
Monocacy when they discovered a body of cavalry moving toward them,
dressed in the uniform of United States soldiers. The officer in corn-
inand of the squadron made signal in a friendly way, which was re-
turned, and the parties approached within a short distance of each other,
when the officer commanding the opposite party ordered his men to
charge. They were received by a volley from the carbines of ihy men,
and some skirmishing took place, when the enemy brought up a superior
force and opened with a couple of guns, which forced my men to retire.
On seeing this, the two guns of Penningtons battery were brought into
l)osition and opened a brisk fire npon the enemy, which checked his
advance.
At this time my command was not more than 400 strong, and I was
compelled to confine my operations to holding the enemy in check until
re-enforcements should arrive. I took four small companies of the in-
fantry I found at the mouth of the Monocacy to support the two guns,
and sent one company to assist my cavalry in front iii keeping back the
enemys dismounted skirmishers. This condition of things lasted for
about two hours, when, the remainder of Penningtons battery coming up,
it was put in position and soon drove oft the enemys guns. At the same
time I sent a portion of the Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry, that had
come up with the remainder of Penningtons battery, down the tow-
l)ath of the canal, to prevent the enemy from crossing at any point
below. They discovered that the enemy had in position at Whites
Ford two guns on this, amid at least one gun on the other side of the
river, all of which could sweep the tow-path and prevent the cavalry
from proceeding. On hearing this, I took all the infantry from the mouth
of the Monocacy, except two companies, and made a general advance
on the enemy, who rapidly retreated on Whites Ford, keeping up a fire
on our advance, with his guns covering his rear.
By this time, the horses in Penningtons battery were so thoroughly
exhausted as to be unable to move the guns up the steep hills on the
road the enemy took, and in many instances we were obliged to dis-
mount and push them up by hand. This rendered our movement so
slow that the enemy had timc to cross the river without further moles-
tation, and nothing further occurred beyond his throwing a few shots at
us after he had crossed, which I did not think worth while to reply to.
This was at 1.30 p. in.
It was at this time that General Ward reported to me, from General
Stonemans (hivisiOn, with a brigade of infantry, a regiment of cavalry,
and a section of artillery. I told him that his command could be of n
Page 40
40 OPE1~ATIONS IN N. VA., tV; VA., MD., ANt~ PA. tOHAP. Xkxt
use, as the enemy bad then crossed the river. These are the only troops
that I know of that were in that vicinity, and this was the first intima-
tion I received that any troops were endeavoring to assist me to cap~
ture the rebels; and this was too late to be of any assistance to me. I
succeeded in preventing the enemy from crossing at the mouth of the
Monocacy, and drove him to Whites Ford, 3 miles below. Had Whites
Ford been occupied by any force of ours, previous to the time of the
occupation by the enemy, the capture of Stuarts whole force would have
been certain and inevitable; but with my small force (which did not
exceed one-fourth of the enemys) it was not practicable for me to occupy
that ford while the enemy was in my front.
In conclusion~ I would say that my force had marched, in the twenty-
four hours previous to the fight, upward of 78 miles, and had crossed the
Blue Ridge over a very rugged, rough, and rocky road, which crippled
up a great many of my horses, and, in consequence, in coming up with
the enemy my command was not well closed up, and many (otherwise
efficient men) were unable to join their companies before the enemy had
crossed the river.
It is with great pleasure that I testify to the willingness with which
the officers and men supported all the fatigues and hardships of this
movement.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. PLEASONTOK,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
General H. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff, Army of the Potomac.
No. 7.
Report of Brig. Gen. William W. Averell, U. S. Army, commanding Pir8t
Cavalry Brigade.
HDQRS. FIRST CAVALRY BRIG., ARMY OF TIlE POTOMAC,
Near Downsville, Md., October 14, 18629 p. m.
GENERAL: I have the honor to report the return of my brigade to
this place. My report should be made by telegraph, via ilagerstown,
as directed, but I think this the most expeditious.
Your dispatch of 2 p. m. yesterday is just received. Having marched
from McConnellsburg, in Fulton County, through Franklin County, to-
day without seeing any rebels, I am inclined to believe that the report
of Governor Curtin is based upon unreliable information.
While at Green Spring I endeavored to establish a line of pickets
from New Creek to Cherry Run, which could not fail to furnish the head-
quarters of the Army of the Potomac with the earliest and most reliable
information of the movements of the rebels along the Upper Potomac.
At Mercersburg, about noon to-day, it was reported to me officially,
by an officer of the Eighth New York, that the rebels were crossing at or
near McCoys Ferry. I turned from my intended line of march with the
brigade, and sent an officer to Clear Spring, who reported that there
was no movement of the rebels in that vicinity.
When I left Green Spring (Saturday, 11th, 3 a. in.) there were no
rebels west of the Great Cacapon Mountains and east of Floyds forces,
except light cavalry parties. That 30,000 could have crossed this side
of Cumberland without immediate uotice being seiit to you from the
troops along the line, I believe impossible.
From prisoners taken, it was learned that the rebels were aware of m
Page 41
cHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDItION INTO MD. AND t~A.
41
position and strength at Green Spring. Everything, except Imbodens
force of 800, and 1,500 mounted infantry, was withdrawn from Spring-
field, Ilomney, and the country in my front. Imboden went to Wardens-
yule, 40 miles away, and nothing but a few saucy pickets could be
found.
The recent raid, no doubt, was made with a full knowledge of the posi-
tion of our cavalry forces.
My march has been about 200 miles; the first 55 miles in twenty-
eight hours, the longest march, I believe, with artillery, that has been
made recently. My brigade is in need of a little rest, and a day or two
is desired to organize a small pack-mule train for its use. During the
recent marches no wagons or pack-animals have been used by my
command.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. W. AVERELL,
Brigadier- General, Volunteers.
Brigadier-General MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
No. 8.
Report of Col. Richard II. Rush, Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry.
HEADQUARTERS SIXTH PENNSYLYKNIA CAVALRY,
Camp near Frederick, Md., October 13, 1802.
GENERAL: I have the honor to report that, on Saturday morning, at
6.30 oclock, your note, requiring nie to scout the country north of Fred-
erick, to gain intelligence of the force and movements of Stuarts cav-
alry, was at once executed by my sending four small companies (140
men) toward Emmittsburg and Gettysburg. They left my camp by 8 a.
m. No information or rumors of the enemy could be obtained by them
between this place and Emmittsburg, which point they reached at 4 p.
m. They then pushed on toward Gettysburg, scouting well to their left,
and had not left Emmittsburg an hour when information was brought
them from the rear that the advance guard (about 400 strong) of the
rebels had charged into Emmittsburg and held the place. The rebels
threw out pickets and covered all the roads abont Emmittsbnrg, thus
entirely cutting off all communication between my pickets and myself.
All the couriers sent to me, to apprise mc of the presence of the rebels,
were turned back until after midnight.
At 3 p. m. on the 11th I received a telegraphic order from General
Marcy to send one squadron at once to Middletown, to picket and scout
the valley northward. This was at once done, but no important report
or information was received from them.
At 6.30 p. m. on the 11th your note of 2.30 p. m. of the 11th was re-
ceived, directing me to extend my scouts toward Gettysburg, & c., and
informing me that Stuart had left Chambersburg in the morning on the
Gettysburg road; also that General Pleasonton was to be at Mechan-
icstown, and to communicate .with him, & c., and to call on the First
Maine Cavalry if I wanted more force, & c.
Rumors from Frederick reaching me at about 7 p. m. that the rebels
were reported to be at or near Emmittsburg, and knowing that General
Pleasonton would cover the pike through Mechanicstown, I at once
called on Colonel Allen, of the First Maine Cavalry, for one company,
and sent my only remaining company, these two companies to proceed
Page 42
42 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., A ND PA. [CHAP. XXXt
one to Woodsborough and one to Johnsville, and to cover the line of
country with scouts from the vicinity of Creagerstown, Woodsborough,
New Windsor, and toward Westminster, and to communicate any infor-
mation to General Pleasonton and myself.
As my company, ordered to Woodsborough, entered the town at 10.30
p. in., they found the head of the rebel column just passing through
and taking the road to Liberty. This information was communicated
to me at 12 lni(lIliglLt, with information that it had also been sent to Gen-
eneral Pleasonton, at Mechanicsto~vi. This information being soon
confirmed, that the rebel column was all passing toward Liberty, I at
oiice sent a message and dispatch to General Marcy an(I yourself to that
effect. A large portion of the rebel col 11 run Ii alted between Woodsboron gh
and Liberty, to feed and get information of our forces. Their rear guard
did not leave Liberty until 7 a. m. of the 12th. I had no force whatever
left me to follow their rear, or in auiy way to harass their march.
I have no casualties to report in my regiment.
I would es~)eciaily commend to your notice Corpi. John An ders, of Coin -
pany D, regiment of Lancers, for gallantry on scout at XVoodsborough.
lie dismounted and entered the town on foot, in disguise, while the rebel
column was passing; talked freely with their meu ; was snsl)ected and
detained, and escaped anti r~joincd me soon after daylight, bringing most
valuable information; also Private Joseph Dougherty, of the same com-
pany and regiment, for gallantry in dashing through Eminittsburg while
it was o~cupied by the enemy, in order to carry a message to my com-
panies near Gettysburg.
I regret very much that this second raid has been so successfully
accoml)iishe(I by Stuarts cavalry; but, with the small an(1 crippled
force at my disposal near this town (but seven companies, of about
275 men), it has been impossible for me to do more than I have done to
check this unfortunate raid.
My scouts captnxed 1 prisoner, a very intelligent young man, Jonathan
Scott, of the First Virginia Cavalry. lie tells me that the rebel force
consisted of the First, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Ninth, and rfenth Virginia
Cavalry; the First and Second North Carolina Cavalry; the Cobb
Legion, and the Jeff. Davis Legion, and was between 4,000 and 5,000
strong, anti that they had captured and carried off 1,500 horses from
Pennsylvania. This prisoner I have turned over to Colonel Allen, at
Frederick. Md. He also states that they entered at iDam No. 5, and
were to leave at Edwards Ferry.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
HICILD. II. liUSfl,
Colonel Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Lancers.
Brig. Gen. JOHN BUFOED,
Chief of Cavalry, Headquarters Army of the Potomac.
No 9.
Reports of Brig. Gen. George Stoneman, U. S. Army, commanding
Division..
HEADQUARTERS,
Poolesville, Md.. October 13, 1862.
GENERAL: In accordance with instructions from the commanding
general, I have the honor to make the following report in regard to the
manner in which I have carried out the itistructions communicated t
Page 43
CHAP. XXXL) STUAHrI~~S EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 43
me in a dispatch of 1 p. m. on the 11th instant. This dispatch was re-
ceived here at 3.30 p. m. of the same day, and reads as follows:
GENERAL MCCLELLANS HEADQUARTERS,
October 11, 1862.
General GEORGE STONEMAN:
A force of rebel cavalry, supposed to be about 2,000 strong, crossed into Maryland
yesterday, at McCoys Ferry, above Williamsport, staid at Chambersburg last night,
and left this morning at 9 oclock, in the direction of Gettysburg. It is possible that
they may attempt to recross the river opposite Leesbnrg. The commanding general
directs that you keep your cavalry well out on the approaches in the direction of Fred-
crick, so as to give you tune to mass your troops at any point where they attempt to
cross. General Pleasonton, with a large force of cavalry, is moving to intercept them,
and, if they come in your direction, he will probably be near them. We shall have
two brigades of infantry at Frederick to-night. Coinmi innicate any movements of the
enemy to these headquarters from time to time.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Sta~.
Upon the receipt of the above telegram, I immediately sent out cav-
alry on all the roads, and stationed the troops as follows: The Third
and Fourth Maine, 600 strong (total), were placed at the mouth of the
Monocacy River to guard the Potomac in the direction of Point of
Rocks; the Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania and Fortieth New York, 700
strong (total), at Whites Ford, and to protect the culvert recently de-
stroyed by the rebels, and just completed; the Thirty-ninth Massachu-
setts at Edwards Ferry, to guard that part of the river and the pontoon-
bridge train; the Tenth Vermont, with a section of artillery, to guard
the depot of supplies at the month of Seneca Creek; the reserve, con-
sisting of the Thirty-eighth and One hundred and first New York and
Fifty-seventh Pennsylvania, 700 strong (total), with a section of artil-
lery, and the cavalry not on picket and patrol duties, 250 strong, were
stationed at Poolesville, with a view of moving to any point on the cir-
cumference of which Poolesville is the center. No mention was made,
in any dispatch received, about the enemy haviiig artillery, and I
directed the forces stationed at the various points to attack them when-
ever seen, as they probably had but little, if any, artillery with them.
The line my small force was guarding is about 30 miles along a river
that can be forded by all arms at almost any point, with an enemy in
front, against which we were guarding, and 2,000 cavalry in rear, liable
to cross at ene point as well as another, and whom I was officially in-
formed would probably cross in front of Leesburg, if at all.
About 9.30 p. m. I received a telegram from Colonel IRuggles, stating
that Stuart had said to a paroled prisoner that he intended to recross
the river at the mouth of the Monocacy. I did not think this informa-
tion sufficient authority to warrant me in exposing the rest of the line
and concentrating my whole force at the mouth of the Monocacy.
Nothing more was heard from the rebels by me until 9 a. m. of the
12th, when I received two telegrams from Colonel IRuggles, one dated
2.45 and the other 4.30 a. in., placing it beyond a doubt that the enemy
were on their way toward the mouth of the Monocacy. I immediately
ordered the regiment at Edwards Ferry up the river, and started the
reserve, under Brigadier-General Ward, with instructions to push on
toward the firing, which had just then begun, in the direction of the
Monocacy, and sent back to hurry up the brigade of General Robinson,
whom I had written to the night before, instructing him to push on his
command as rapidly as possible He was unable to arrive until after
the enemy had made good his escape. My cavalry pickets were pushed
out to Barnesville and llyattstown, and also in other (lircetions, and
gave me information of the movements of the enemy, but not until after
the iuformatiou was received by telegraph. I will add that both Ge
Page 44
44 OVERA1~IONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [OIIAP. XXXI.
eral Ward and others were told by citizens that the enemy was making
for a point below Poolesville, and such was the general impression.
1 send a sketch* to illustrate the disposition of the force under my
command, and which, under all the circumstances, I consider a judi-
cious one, but which was rendered nugatory by the rapidity and uncer-
tainty of the enemy~s movements.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant
GEORGE STONEMAN,
Brigadier- General, Commanding, & c.
General S. WILLIAMS,
Adjutant-General, Army of the Potomac.
HEADQUARTERS,
Poolesville, Mid., October 25, 1862.
GENERAL: In reply to your communication of the 20th instant, I have
the honor to inclose herewith the reports of the officers serving under
my command on the 12th.
In regard to the first part of your letter, I beg leave to state that, in-
stead of the enemy having passed within a short distance of me when
I first received an intimation of their approach, they had not arrived
within 6 miles of me, and that the point where they crossed the river
is but a short distance from the direct route from Frederick to Pooles-
ville. The instructions contained in the telegram of General Marcy,
chief of staff, on the afternoon of the 11th instant, to mass the troops
at any point where the rebels might attempt to cross the river, inyolved
more than human efforts and foresight. it is true that the rebels took
very nearly the direction indicated in General Marcys dispatch; that
is, they came from the direction of Frederick, but they did not attempt
to cross the river within 6 or 7 miles of the point indicated (opposite
Leesburg) in same dispatch. The statement of General Pleasonton, in
his report, that
had Whites Ford been occupied by any force of ours previous to the time of the oc-
cupation by the enemy, the capture of Stuarts whole force would have been certain
and inevitable
is simply ridiculous, as the enemy could have crossed at almost any
other point as well as there.
In conclusion, I beg leave to respectfully request that a court of in-
quiry be instituted, to inquire into all the circumstances connected with
Stuarts escape from Pennsylvania~ and that the blame, if blame there
is, be affixed to the proper persons.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEORGE STONEMAX,
Brigadier-General.
General S. WILLIAMS,
Adjutant- General, Army of the Potomac.
No. 10.
Report of Brig. Gen. J. H. Hobart Ward, U. S. Army, commanding
Second Brigade.
HEADQUARTERS SECOND BRIGADE, STONEMANS DIVISION,
Camp near Whites Ford, Mid., October 19, 1862.
MAJOR: I have the honor to state that on the 11th instant I was
* Omitted; unimportant
Page 45
CHAP. XXXI.) STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. -AND PA. 45
ordered to report to Major-General McClellan for orders, as brigadier-
general. I was assigned to this brigade and ordered to report to
General Stoneman.
On the 12th instant, and before I could see General Stoneman, three
regiments of this brigade, under command of Colonel Staples, Third
Maine Volunteers, proceeded from camp at Poolesville, under orders
from General Stoneman and marched toward the mouth of the Monocacy
River. Learning that the enemy were about to pass through our lines,
I proceeded to join the command. About 10 a. in., and at the request
of Colonel Staples, I assumed command, and found that the enemy
were passing in our front and constantly changing their position, when
I received a communication from General Pleasonton to the effect that,
with what assistance I could give, the enemy could be intercepted and
taken. Not fifteen minutes had elapsed when I reported to General
Pleasonton in person, on the field, whose entire command (of artillery
and cavalry) was in position, and whose examination, by field-glass,
discovered the enemy crossing the Potomac at Whites Ford. General
Pleasonton replied to me that it was too late; that nothing could be
done. I then asked him if I could not do something. He replied that
it was too late; that I should have been there three hours sooner.
I immediately reported by staff officer to General Stoneman, who
ordered me to apply to General Pleasonton for a force of cavalry, and
proceed immediately with my command to cross the river and pursue
and capture the enemy. General Pleasonton refused his cavalry per-
emptorily, which fact (and concentrating my command at Whites Ford
three of my regiments had been under the command of General Pleas-
onton during the day) I rei~orted to General Stoneman. The night be-
came extremely dark and stormy, and having no cavalry force I was
ordered to return to Poolesville.
I have the honor to transmit herewith the report of Col. H. G..
Staples, Third Maine Volunteers, who was in command of the brigade
during the morning of the 12th instant, having heretofore handed you
the report of Colonel Walker, Fourth Maine Volunteers, who was under
the command of General Pleasonton, at the mouth of Monocacy River.
I have the honor to remain, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. H. HOBART WARD,
Brigadier- General.
Maj. H. W. BREVOORT,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
No. 11.
Report of Cot. Thenry G. Staples, Third Maine Infantry.
HEADQUARTERS THIRD MAINE REGIMENT,
Near Whites Ford, Md., October 18, 1862.
General Ward having been ordered to report to General McClellan,
on the 10th instant I assumed command of the brigade.
On the 11th, about 6 p. in., I received an order from General Stone-
man, of which the following is a copy:
HEADQUARTERS,
Poolesville, Md., October 11, 1862.
COLONEL: I inclose you herewith copy of a dispatch just received, for your infor-
ination and guidance.* I wish you to send two regiments to the mouth of the Mo-
Probably that quoted in Stonemans report, p. 43
Page 46
46 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
nocacy, and three regiments and the section of artillery with you to this point, both
to be done as soon as possible. Instruct the commanding officer to keep pickets well
out on all the roads leading toward his station, and to attack the enemy and secure
the led horses which he may have with him, ~of which, I understand, he has a large
number. The men will take three days rations with them, and bring the train up
with the command that comes to this point. The other two brigades are on their
way up here.
Respectfully, & e., your obedient servant,
GEORGE STONEMAN,
Brigadier -eneral, Commanding.
In compliance with the above orders, the Third and Fourth Maine RegP
ments, under command of Colonel Walker, were sent to the mouth of
the Monocacy, with written instructions, as per order. The Thirty-
eighth and One hundred and first New York and Fifty-seventh Penn.
sylvania Regiments, with the section of artillery, were sent to Pooles-
yule. The Fortieth New York at this time was on a reconnaissance in
Virginia, and the Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania Regiment was stationed
at Whites Ford. On the return of the Fortieth New York, Colonel
Egan was ordered to remain at the camp near Conrads Ferry.
Ou Sunday, the 12th instant, I received orders to move out on the
Monocacy road, and General Stoneman would join me there. This was
in the morning, about 10 oclock, I should judge, as people were or~their
way to church. I marched the command on the Monocacy road until
we arrived at a road leading to the right. At this point, two citizens
rode up and informed me that the enemy were advancing, 3,000 strong,
on the road leading from Barnesville to Poolesville. General Ward
came up, and I consulted him as to what course to pursue.
While in conversation with General Ward, Lieutenant Lee, of the bri-
gade staff; informed me that the enemy were in our front. I immediately
ordered forward the Fifty-seventh Pennsylvania Regiment on the right
of the road, and the section of artillery to be posted on an elevatiou
commanding the enemys position. At this juncture, I received word
from General Pleasonton, through Major Pitcher, of the Fourth Maine
Regiment, that the enemy were crossing at Whites Ford. While the
Fifty-seventh Pennsylvania Regiment was advancing, I ordered the re-
maining two regiments immediately forward. The orders were promptly
obeyed. Colonel Duffi6s cavalry during this time was in advance,
and halted in the road. I immediately rode forward and ordered Colo-
nel Duffid to push on to the enemy as rapidly as possible, and I would
support him. While advancing on the road leading from Monocacy
roadtoWhitesFordlwas relieved from command byGeneralWard,
who ordered me to command the three infantry regiments.
~
HENRY G. STAPLES,
Colonel Third Maine Regiment.
Capt. C. II. POTTER,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Brigade.
No. 12.
Report of Ijeut. Col. Moses B. Jiakeman, Third Maine infantry.
POOLESYILLE, MD., October 13, 1862.
COLONEL: I have the honor to report the movement of the Third
Maine Regiment since leaving camp, at Conrads Ferry.
On the evening of the 11th instant I moved my regiment, by you
Page 47
CHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA.
47
order, to the mouth of the Monocacy. On arriving there, by order of
Lieutenant-Colonel Carver, Fourth Maine Regiment, I detached two
companies, under command of Captain Morgan, to guard the ford and
bridge at that point. The remainder of the regiment bivouacked for
the night half a mile toward Barnesville.
On the morning of the 12th instant, on the arrival of General Pleas-
onton, at or about 8 a. in., the picket of the Fourth Maine having dis-
covered the enemy, and they opening fire on our forces, I detached four
companies, under command of Major Burt, to support a section of Pen-
ningtons battery, which had engaged the enemy. Being convinced of
their movements, I reported to General Pleasonton that, according to
the best of my judgment, they were holding us in check with a section
of artillery, while they were passing their column to Whites Ford. Our
guns having apparently silenced theirs, the general advanced his forces,
when he discovered the enemy still in position, who immediately renewed
the attack. By order of the general I then sent two companies, under
command of Captain Morgan (whom I had previously relieved from the
bridge), forward as skirmishers, to harass their cannoneers, who found
a body of rebel cavalry, dismounted and deployed as skirmishers, which
retired on their advancing. At this time the remainder of Penningtons
battery, four pieces, came up and opened fire, preventing my skirmishers
from advancing. After again silencing the enemys guns, of which I
am satisfied there was but one, the skirmishers, again advancing and
opening fire, compelled the enemys skirmishers to mount and beat a
hasty retreat.
At this time, about 9 a in., an orderly from Colonel Davis [i], Eighth
Pennsylvania Cavalry, which had been sent down the tow-path of the
canal toward Whites Ford, arrived, and reported a section of artillery
(rebel) in position at the lock, near the ford, and preventing the cavalry
from advancing. By order of tLie general, I then sent one company of
my remaining six to that point as skirmishers. Soon after, the general
moved his whole force in that direction by telegraph road,, and I, on
request from Colonel Davis, advanced with my remaining company,
and, taking one from the Aqueduct Bridge, l)roceeded toward Whites
Ford by tow-path, and, on meeting Colonel Davis, ascertained that the
enemy had crossed. I then returned to the 1\Ionocacy, and soon after
received an order to again move the regiment to Whites Ford, where
I halted, and in the evening joined the brigade and marched to Pooles-
ville, our l)resent camp.
Respectfully submitted.
MOSES B. LAKEMAN,
Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Third Miaine Volunteers.
No. 13.
Report of Col. Elijah Walker, Fourth Maine 1m~fantry.
HEADQUARTERS FOIJRTII MAINE REGIMENT,
Poolesville, Md., October 13, 1862.
SIR: In compliance with an order from General Stoneinan, through
you, I arrived with my regiment at the mouth of the Monocacy Satur-
day, October 11, at 8 p. in., at which place the Third Maine Regiment
joined me about 9 oclock the same evening. I immediately placed two
companies of my regiment at th~ crossing of the Frederick and Barnes
Page 48
48 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
yule roads, and one company about 1 mile from the river, on the road
to Poolesvifle. Two companies of the Third Maine were placed near
the mouth of the river, on the north side.
About 8 a. m. Sunday, the 12th, General Pleasontons cavalry, with
a section of artillery, arrived, and reported that it was expected that
the enemy would attempt the crossing of the river in that vicinity. I
immediately sent Major Pitcher, with one additional company, to occupy
the Poolesville road, and placed the remaining companies of the Third
and Fourth Maine to guard the roads about the mouth of the Monocacy.
At 9 a. m. I heard Iiring on the Poolesville road, and soon learned
that my pickets were engaging the enemys cavalry. I then ordered
forward two companies of the Third Maine as skirmishers on the right
of the road, the two companies of the regiment under Major Pitcher
being deployed on the left of the road, at the same time ordering one
company of the Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania Regiment, stationed at the
Aqueduct Bridge, to join its regiment at Whites Ford.
At this time General Pleasonton made himself known to me, and
assumed command, ordering four companies to support his battery.
The artillery on both sides soon opened, and continued in action for
about half an hour, when General Pleasonton ordered an advance of
my force, together with his cavalry, to be followed by the artillery.
After the whole force had advanced about a quarter of a mile, the cav-
alry returned, and the artillery, which had moved forward but very
little, opened fire again, throwing shells, many of which fell in and
about my line of skirmishers. The enemy replied with his guns. I im-
mediately halted and sent word to the rear, acquainting Genera] Pleas-
onton with the facts. The artillery firing on both sides soon ceased
and I moved forward with my infantry, followed by a squadron of cav-
alry, to the position which had been occupied by the enemys guns,
and found the enemy rapidly retiring in the direction of Whites Ford,
having planted a gun about three-fourths of a mile from the road, in
such position as to enfilade my line of skirmishers as they emerged
from the woods. Halting my line, I sent to the general, informing him
of the situation, and suggesting that the artillery be brought forward
but when General Pleasonton had arrived with artillery and cavalry,
the last of the enemy had (lisappeared, together with their gun, in the
direction of the river.
I understand that time delay in bringing up the re-enforcements was
caused by their mistaking a force of ours, coming in the opposite (lirec-
tion from Poolesville, for that of the enemy (a misapprehension which
was not corrected till I had.sent Major Pitcher with two men to ascer-
tain the character of the force). I then proceeded across the field in
the direction of Whites Ford, followed by the artillery and cavalry.
On arriving in sight of the ford, I found that the enemy had succeeded
in crossing the river, and had placed guns in position on the opposite
shore, from which they fired a few rounds across and then disappeared.
After resting my men for half an hour, I returned to the mouth of the
Monocacy, General Pleasonton having informed me that I could return
to camp with my command.
My pickets captured 1 prisoner and 2 cavalry horses. Major Pitcher
had his horse shot at the first fire which was received from the enemy,
while in advance, conducting the skirmishers.
B. WALKER,
Golonel Fourth Maine Volunteers.
Capt. (3. II. POTTER,
Asst. Adjt. Gen., & cond Brigade, AS1tonenzans Division
Page 49
CHAr. XXXI.) STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA.
49
No. 14.
Report of Got. Thomas W. Egan, Fortieth New York Infantry.
IIDQRS. FORTIETH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS,
Near Whites Ford, Md., October 19, 1862.
I beg leave to submit the following report of the proceedings of my-
self and command on Sunday, the 12th instant:
On that day my command was greatly exhausted by their long march
of 45 miles (the command had been scouting on the other side of the
river, in support of a cavalry force) the day previous, and their change
of camp from the mouth of the Monocacy.
On Sunday morning I was encamped in the woods, near Conrads
Ferry, and had received no orders whatever, nor any intimation of the
nearness or approach of the enemy. Nevertheless, having heard of their
approach at about 10 a. in., I formed my command promptly, without
orders, and set out for the river at Conrads Ferry.
At about 11 a. m. I received orders from General Stoneirian, through
Captain Alexander, to march my command at once to the Monocacy.
I started at double.quick, and kept that pace, going along the tow-path
to Whites Ford, and then crossed the canal, to gain the hill and coin-
inand the ford. But it was too late, and the enemy were out of our reach.
Immediately on receiving the news of the approach of the enemy, I dis-
l)atched a messenger to General Stonemans headquarters for orders,
but received none, and finally started without, as I have stated.
I am, lieutenant, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
T. W. EGAN,
Golonet Fortieth New York Volunteers.
Lient. W. BANKS,
Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, & cond Brigade.
No. 15.
Report of Licut. Got. Edwin P. Bites, Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry.
IIDQRS. NINETY-NINTH PENNSYLVANiA VOLUNTEERS,
Gamp near Whites Ford, Md., October 19, 1862.
SIR: I respectfully present my report of the part taken by the Ninety-
ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers in the affair of the 12th instant.
I was ordered upon picket duty with my regiment on the morning of
the 10th instant, and had my command distributed along the bank of
the Potomac River, extending from near Conrads Ferry, on the left, to
some 300 yards above Whites Ford, on my right, a distance of about 4
miles. I had two reserves, one at Whites Ford, of three companies,
under my own immediate command, and the other about 14 miles lower
down, of one company, under command of Captain Moore, at Weedons
Ford. The balance of the regiment was posted along the river in small
parties at the different picket posts, with the exception of Company A,
which company I received orders to send to the mouth of the Monoc-
acy, to relieve a company of the IFortieth New Yorli Volunteers, on th~
imight of the 10th instant.
4 R RYOL XIX, PT I
Page 50
50 OPEI~ATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXT.
On tlie evening of the 11th instant I received information from Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Carver, Fourth Maine Volunteers, brigade field officer of
the day, that there was a report that a large body of rebel cavalry had
crossed into Maryland at some point above, and was now trying to recross
into Virginia. I immediately sent word to the reserve at Weedoiis Ford,
and to the pickets along the whole line, and instructed them to be on the
alert, ordering them to rally to the nearest reserve, in case of an attack
during the night. About 9 oclock the Third and Fourth Maine Regi-
ments passed me on their way to the month of the Monocacy.
Early on the morning of the 12th instant, I heard picket firing toward
the mouth of the Monocacy, and shortly afterward some sharp artillery
firing, apparently about 5 miles off, in the direction of the Sugar Loaf
Mountain. Of this latter fact I at once advised brigade headquarters,
by note, sent by a mounted orderly. About 9 oclock my sentinel, on
lookout on the hill behind me, reported a large body of cavalry on his
right, advancing toward us.
I immediately ascended the hill with my reserve (three companies),
and took up a position to completely cover the ford with our rifles, and
sent my sergeant-major to collect the pickets of the company on my
immediate left, and send them to join me. He was then to proceed down
the tow-path to the reserve at XVeedons Ford, and give Captain Moore
my instructions to collect all the force on the left and come to my assist-
ance. When I arrived at the top of the hill, the enemy were plainly to
be seen, distant about 1 mile, apparently about 1,200 or 1,500 strong, and
still coming on. Just at this time Lieutenant-Colonel Carver came gal-
loping down the tow-path, and called up to me that the rebels were
close behind him. I told him that they were in plain view from where
I was, and asked him if he had any instructions. He inquired if I
could hold the point. I replied that if he would send me up the re-
mainder of the regiment I thought I could. He left me and rode down
toward Conrads Ferry, with, as I supposed, the intention of hurrying
up Captain Moore.
The rebel force advanced to within about half a mile, halted, and
remained in that position for some half an hour, sending small parties
down toward the tow-path. in the mean time I had been joined by
Company iD, the company on my immediate left, making my force about
100 men. This company I ordered to skirmish over toward the enenmy
and try and ascertain if he had artillery. in about ten minutes they
returned and reported two pieces. At this time 1 receive(l a message
from Captain Moore that Lieutenant-Colonel Carver had ordered him to
remain where he was, instead of joining me. l)irectly upon time return
of my skirmishing party, the rebels opened tire upon my position with
their artillery, amid a body of cavalry commenced slowly nioving around
toward my rear, still makino- 110 attempt to cross.
Finding that I was not to be re-enforced, and that if I remained
my small force must be cut oft and cal)tured without being able to do
any good, I commenced slowly falling back over the hills and ravines,
toward Weedons Ford, keepimmo close to the canal. I arrived at the ford
a few minutes before Colommel Carver reached there fromn Conrads Ferry,
with a small re-enforcement from our old camp, of ai)out 70 men. Under
his directions I consolidated them with my regiment (imow together),
and advanced again towar(l Whites Ford, deployed as skirmishers, my
left resting on the canal; but before reaching XVhites Ford the enemy
had accomplished his purpose and effocted his escape. I then joined
the Fortieth New York Volunteers, which regiment had followed us up,
and marched to the mouth of the Monocacy. Had Lieutenant-Colone
Page 51
CHAP. XXXI.] STUART S EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 51
Carver allowed my reserve at Weedons Ford to join me, as I requested,
I might probably have held my position until farther re-enforced.
Very respectfully,
EDWIN IR. BILES,
Lieutenant- Colonel, Comdg. Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania Vols.
Capt. C. H. POTTER,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Wards Brigade.
No. 16.
Report of General Robert B. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Army of
Northern Virginia.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
October 14, 1862.
SIR: The expedition, under General Stuart, to Pennsylvania, which
crossed the Potomac on the evening of the 9th instant at McCoys Ford,
above Williamsport, will reach their camp to-day. They proceeded
through Mercersburg to Chambersburg, where they obtained-from the
United States store-houses such supplies as they needed, but were un-
able to destroy the railroad bridge over the Conococheague in conse-
quence of its being of iron. The shops, & c., of the company were, how-
ever, destroyed. Thence he proceeded to Emmittsburg, through Lib-
erty, New Market, Hyattstown, Barnesville, to Whites Ford, below the
mouth of the Monocacy, making a complete circuit of the enemys posi-
tion. On approaching the Potomac he was opposed by the enemys cav-
alry, under General Stoneman, but drove them back, and put to flight
the infantry stationed on the bluff at Whites Ford to guard the passage.
His expedition was eminently successful, and accomplished without
other loss than the wounding of 1 man. He obtained many remounts
for his cavalry and artillery, and deserves much credit for his prudence
and enterprise.
From the information he was able to obtain, I am inclined to believe
that General McClellan has detached no part of his army eastward~ but
on the contrary, has been receiving re-enforcements. his main army is
l)osted west of the Blue Ridge range, and stretches from Hagerstown to
Rockville, the center resting at Harpers Ferry, with detachments guard-
ing the river. They have a large force repairing the Chesapeake and
Ohio Canal, and I should judge from all I can learn that the operation of
the Baltimore and Ohio [Rail]road from Harpers Ferry west is viewed
by them as an object of great importance, and that efforts will be made
to repair it. I am breaking up the Harpers Ferry and Winchester
[Rail]road to increase the obstacles to their advance up the Shenandoah
Valley. The iron would be very useful to the roads farther south, and
the flat iron might be used for Government purposes, but I have no
means of sending it away.
I have the honor to be, your obedient servant,
RE.LEE,
General.
Hon. GEORGE W. RANDOLPH,
Secretary of War, Richmond, Va.
P. 5.h send you a copy of a Harrisburg and Baltimore paper, which
may imiterest you. The former is of that class which the enemy do not
permit to come within their lines.
R.E.L
Page 52
52 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXL
No. 17.
Report of ilIaj. Gen. J. E. B. iStuart, 0. S. Army, commanding Cavalry
Division.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
October 14, 1862.
COLONEL: I have the honor to report that, oii the 9th instant, in corn.
pliance with instructions from the commanding general Army of North-
ern Virginia, I proceeded on an expedition into Pennsylvania with a cav-
alry force of 1,800 and four pieces of horse artillery, under command of
Brigadier-General Hampton and Cols. W. II. F. Lee and Jones. This
force rendezvoused at Darkesville at 12 in., and marched thence to the
vicinity of Hedgesville, where it encamped for the night.
At daylight next morning, October 10, I crossed the Potomac at Mc-
Coys (between Williamsport and Hancock) with some little opposition,
capturing two or three horses of enemys pickets. We were told here
by citizens that a large force had encamped the night before at Clear
Spring, and were supposed to be en route to Cumberland. We proceeded
northward until we reached the turnpike leading from Hagerstown to
Hancock (known as the National road). Here a signal station on the
mountain and most of the party, with their flags and apparatus, were
surprised and captured, and also 8 or 10 prisoners of war, from whom,
as well as from citizens, I found that the large force alluded to had
crossed but an hour ahead of me toward Cumberland, and consisted of
six regiments of Ohio troops and two batteries, under General Cox, and
were en route via Cumberland for the Kanawlia. I sent back this intel-
hgence at once to the commanding general. Striking directly across
the National road, I proceeded in the direction of Mercersburg, Pa.,
which point was reached about 12 m. I was extremely anxious to reach
Hagerstown, where large supplies were stored, but was satisfied, from
reliable information, that the notice the enemy had of my approach and
the proximity of his forces would enable him to prevent my capturing
it. I therecore turned toward Chambersburg. I did not reach this point
until after dark, in a rain. I did not deem it safe to defer the attack
until morning, nor was it proper to attack a place fall of women and
children without summoning it first to surrender. I accordingly sent in
a flag of truce, and found no military or civil authority in the place, but
some prominent citizens who met the officer were notified that the place
would be occupied, and, it any resistance were made, the place would
be shelled in three minutes. Brig. Gen. Wade Hamptons command,
being in advance, took possession of the place, and I appointed him mil-
tary governor of the city. No incidents occurred during the night, dur-
ing which it rained continuously. The officials all fled the town on our
approach, and no one could be found who would admit that he held
office in the place. About 275 sick and wounded in hospital were paroled.
During the day a large number of horses of citizens were seized and
brought along. The wires were cut, and railroad obstructed, and Colo-
nel Jones command was sent up the railroad toward Harrisburg to de-
stroy a trestle-work a few miles off. He, however, reported that it was
constructed of iron, and he could imot destroy it.
Next morning it was ascertained that a large number of small-arms
and munitions of war were stored about the railroad buildings, all of
which that could not be easily brought away were destroyed, consisting
of about 5,000 new muskets, pistols, sabers, ammunition also a larg
Page 53
ChAr. ~XIj STUART S EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND I~A.
assortment of army clothing. The extensive machine-shops and depot
buildIngs of the railroad and several trains of loaded cars were entirely
destroyed. From Chambersburg, II decided, after mature consideration,
to strike for the vicinity of Leesburg as the best route of return, partic-
ularly as Coxs command would have rendered the direction of Cum-
berland, full of mountain gorges, particularly hazardous. The route
selected was through an open country. Of coursc I left nothing undone
to prevent the inhabitants from detecting my real route and. object. I
started directly toward Gettysjurg, but, having passed the Blue Ridge,
turned back toward flagerstown for 6 or 8 miles, and then crossed to
Maryland, by Emmittsburg, where, as we passed, we were hailed by the
inhabitants with the most enthusiastic demonstrations of joy. A scout-
ing party of 150 lancers had just passed toward Gettysburg, and I re-
gretted exceedingly that iuy march did not admit of the delay necessary
to catch them. Taking the road toward Frederick, we intercepted dis-
patches from Colonel Rush (lancers) to the commander of the scout,
which satisfied me that our whereabouts was still a problem to the en-
emy. Before reaching Frederick I crossed the Monocacy, continued the
march through the night, via Liberty, New Market, Monrovia, on the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, where we cut the telegraph wires and ob-
structed the railroad. We reached, at daylight, llyattstown, on McClel-
lans line of wagon communication with Washington, but we found only
a few wagons to capture, and pushed on to Barnesville, which we found
just vacated by a company of the enemys cavalry. We had here cor-
roborated what we had heard before, that Stoneman had between 4,000
and 5,000 troops about Poolesville and guarding the river fords. I
started directly for Poolesville, but, instead of marching upon that point,
avoided it by a march through the woods, leaving it 2 or 3 miles to my
left, and getting into the road from Poolesville to the mouth of the
Monocacy. Guarding well my flanks and rear, I pushed boldly forward,
meeting the head of the enemys column going toward Poolesville. I
ordered the charge, which was responded to in handsome style by the
advance squadron (Irvings), of Lees brigade, which drove back the en-
emys cavalry upon the column of infantry advancing to occupy the crest
froni which the cavalry were driven. Quick as thought, Lees sharp-
shooters sprung to the ground, and, engaging the infantry skirmishers,
held them in check until the artillery in advance came up, which, under
the gallant Pelham, drove back the enemys force to his batteries be-
yond the Monocacy, between which and our solitary gun quite a spirited
fire continued for some time. This answered, in connection with the
high crest occupied by our piece, to screen entirely my real movement
quickly to the left, making a bold and rapid strike for Whites Ford, to
force my way across before the enemy at Poolesyille and Monocacy could
be aware of my design. Although delayed somewhat by about 200 in-
fantry strongly posted in the cliffs over the ford, yet they yielded to the
moral effect oC a few shells before engaging our sharpshooters, and the
crossing of the canal (now dry) and river was eff~cted with all the pre-
cision of passing a defile on drill, a section of artillery being sent with
the advance, and placed in position on the Loudoun side, another piece
on the Maryland height, while Pelham continued to occupy the atten-
tion of the enemy with the other, withdrawing from position to position
until his piece was ordered to cross. The enemy was marching from
Poolesville, in the mean time, but came up in line of battle on the Mary-
land bank only to receive a thundering salutation, with evident effect,
from our guns on this side.
I lost not a man killed on the expedition, and only a few slight wounds
Page 54
54 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [OIIAI?. XX~t
The enemys loss is not known, but Pelhams one gun compelled the
enemys battery to change its position three times. The remainder of
the march was destitute of interest. The conduct of the command and
their behavior toward the inhabitants is worthy of the highest praise;
a few individual cases only were exceptions in this particular.
Brigadier-General Hampton and Colonels Lee, Jones, Wickham, and
Butler, and the officers and men under their command, are entitled to
my lasting gratitude for their coolness in danger and cheerful obedience
to orders. Unoffending persons were treated with civility, and the in-
habitants were generous in proffers of provisions on the march. We
seized and brought over a large number of horses, the property of citi-
zens of the United States. The valuable information obtained in this
reconnaissance as to the distribution of the enemy~s force was commu-
nicated orally to the commanding general, and need not be here repeated.
A number of public functionaries and prominent citizens were taken
cal)tives and brought over as hostages for our own unoffending citizens,
whom the enemy has torn from their homes and confined in dungeons
in the North. One or two of my men lost their way, and are probably
in the hands of the enemy.
The results of this expedition, in a moral and political point of view,
can hardly be estimated, and the consternation among property holders
in Pennsylvania beggars description.
1 am specially indebted to Capt. B. S. White (C. S. Cavalry) and to
Messrs. Hugh Logan and Harbaugh, whose skillful guidance was of im-
mense service to me. My staff are entitled to my thaiiks for untiring
energy in the discharge of their duties.
I inclose a map* of the expedition, drawn by Capt. William W. Black-
ford, to accompany this report; also a copy of orders enforced during
the march.
Believing that the hand of God was clearly manifested in the signal
(lehiverance of my command from danger, and the crowning success
attending it, I ascribe to Him the praise, the honor, and the glory.
I have the honor to be, ni ost respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. E. B. STUART,
Major- General, Commanding Cavalry.
Col. R. H. CHILTON,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Army Northern Virginia.
[fildorserneut.]
HDQRS. I)EPARTMENT OF NORThERN VIRGINIA,
October 18, 1862.
General S. COOPER,
Adjutant and Inspector General:
GENERAL: In forwarding the report of Major-General Stuart of his
expedition into Pennsylvania, I take occasion to express to the Depart-
mnent my sense of the boldness, judgment, and prudence he displayed
in its execution, and cordially join with him in his comnniendation of the
couduct and endurance of the brave men lie commanded. To his skill
and their fortitude under the guidance of an overruling Providence, is
their success due.
I have the honor to be, most respectfully, your obedient servant,
Ii. E. LEE,
General.
To appear in Atlas
Page 55
CHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 55
[Thelosures.]
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
Camp near iVinchester, Va., October 8, 1862.
Maj. Gen. J. E. B. STUART,
Commanding Cavalry, & c.:
GENERAL: An expedition into Maryland with a detachment of cavalry,
if it can be successfully executed, is at this time desirable. You will,
therefore, form a detachment of from 1,200 to 1,500 well-mounted men,
suitable for such an expedition, and, should the information from your
scouts lead you to suppose that your movement can be concealed from
bodies of the enemy that would be able to resist it, you are desired to
cross the Potomac above Williamsport, leave Hagerstown and Green-
castle on your right, and proceed to the rear of Chambersbarg and en-
deavor to destroy the railroad bridge over the branch of the Conoco-
cheague. Any other damage that you can inflict upon the enemy or
his means of transl)ortation you will also execute. You are desired to
gain all information of the positi& n, force, and probable intention of the
enemy which you can, and in your progress into Pennsylvania you will
take measures to inform yourself of the various routes that you may
take on your return to Virginia.
To keep your movement secret, it will be necessary for you to arrest
all citizens that may give information to the enemy, and should you
meet with citizens of Pennsylvania holding State or Government offices,
it will be desirable, if convenient, to bring them with you, that they may
be used as hostages, or the means of exchanges, for our own citizens
that have been carried off by the enemy. Such persons will, of course,
be treated with all the respect and consideration that circumstances will
admit. Should it be in your power to supply yourself with horses or
other necessary articles on the list of legal captures, you are authorized
to do so.
Having accomplished your errand, you will rejoin this army as soon
as 1)racticable. Reliance is placed upon your skill and judgment in the
successful execution of this plan, and it is not intended or desired that
you should jeopardize the safety of your command, or go farther than
your good judgment and prudence may dictate.
Colonel Imboden has been desired to attract the attention of the enemy
toward Cumberland, so that the river between that point and where
you may recross may be less guarded. You will, of course, keep out
your scouts to give you information, and take every other precaution to
secure the success and safety of the expedition. Should you be led so
far east as to make it better, in your opinion, to continue around to the
Potomac, you will have to cross the river in the vicinity of Leesburg.
I am, with great respect, your obedient servant,
It. E. LEE,
General.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
October 9, 1862.
SOLD1ERS: You are about to engage in an enterprise which, to insure
success, imperatively demands at your hands coolness, decision, and
bravery; implicit obedience to orders without question or cavil, and
the strictest order and sobriety on the march and in bivouac. The des-
tination and extent of this expedition had better be kept to myself tha
Page 56
56 OPEI~ATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
known to you. Suffice it to say, that with the hearty co-operation of
officers and men I have not a doubt of its success.~a success which will
reflect credit in the highest degree upon your arms. The orders which
are herewith published for your government are absolutely necessary,
and must be rigidly enforced.
5. E. B. STUART,
Major- General, Gommanding.
ORDERS, IIEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
No. 13. October 9, 1862
During the expedition into the enemys country on which this coin-
mand is about to engage, brigade commanders will make arrangements
for seizing horses, the property of citizens of the United States, and all
other property subject to legal capture, provided, that in no case will any
species of J)ropert.y be taken except by authority, given in person or in
writing, of the commander of brigade, regiment, or captain of company
in the absence of his superior officers. In all cases, a simple receipt will
be given to the effect that the article is seized for the use of the Con-
federate States, giving place, (late, and name of owner, in order to en-
able the individual to have recourse upon his Government for damage.
Individual plunder for private use is positively forbidden, and every
instance must be punished in the severest manner, for an army of plun-
(lerers consummates its own destruction. The capture of anything will
not give the captor any individual claim, and all horses and equipments;
will be kept to be apportioned u b -
the entire division. , pon the return of the expedition, throudi
Brigade commanders will arrange to have one-third of their respective
commands engaged in leading horses, provided enough can be procured,
each man linking, so as to lead three horses, the led horses being habit-
ually in the center of the brigade, and the remaining two-thirds will keep
at all times prepared for action.
The attack, when made, must be vigorous and overwhelming, giving
the enemy no time to collect, reconnoiter, or consider anything except
his best means of flight. All persons found in transit must be detained,
subject to the orders of division provost-marshal, to prevent information
reaching the enemy.
As a measure of justice to our many good citizens who, without crime,
have been taken from their homes and kept by the enemy in prison, all
public functionaries, such as magistrates, postmasters, sheriffs, & c., will
be seized as prisoners. They will be kindly treated and kept as hostages
for our own.
No straggling from the route of march or bivouac for the purpose of
obtaining provisions, & c., will be permitted in any case, the commissaries
and quartermasters being required to obtain and furnish all such sup-
plies in bulk as may be necessary.
So much of this order as authorizes seizures of persons and property
will not take effect until the command crosses the Pennsylvania line.
The utmost activity is enjoined upon the detachments procuring
horses, and unceasing vigilance upon the entire command.
Maj. J. T. W. ilairston is hereby appointed division provost-marshal..
By command of Maj. Gen. 5. E. B. Stuart:
It. CHANNING PRICE,
rirst Lieutenant and Aide-dc-Camp
Page 57
CHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 57
No. 18.
Report of Brig. Gen. Wade Hampton, C. ~3. Army, commanding Cavalry
Brigade.
MARTINSBURG, W. VA., October 25, 1862.
MAJOR: In obedience to orders from Major-General Stuart, I pro-
ceeded, on October 9, with 175 men from the Secohd Regiment South
Carolina Cavalry, under command of Col. M. C. Butler; the same num-
ber from the First North Carolina Regiment, under Lieutenant-Colonel
[J. B.] Gordon; 150 from the Tenth Virginia Regiment, under Major
[J. T.] Rosser, and 150 from the Phillips Legion, under Captain Dun-
lapin all, 650 mento the neighborhood of McCoys Ferry, on the
Potomac, where I halted the command soon after nightfall.
Having received orders to cross the river at daylight the next morning, I
detailed 25 dismounted , placing them under the command of Lieuten-
ant [II. H.] Phillips, Tenth Virginia, and stationed them on the bank of the
river above the ferry at a point I had selected for this squad to cross over.
At 3 a. in. Lieutenant Phillips took his men over, wading the river.
His orders were to attack any force he might find on picket, and Colo-
nel Butler, with his comman(l, was to dash across the river as soon as
the attack was made on the opposite side. This plan was most success-
fully carried out, Lieutenant Phillips attacking the pickets of the enemy,
(Iriving them in after wounding 1, and capturing several horses. As
soon as possession of the ford was obtained, my brigade, accompanied by
a section of the Washington lloyse Artillery, under command of Cap-
tam Hart, passed over the river and struck out for the National turn-
pike. As my advance guard reached this road, they fell in with a few
of the enemy, who belonged to a large column of infantry which had re-
cently passed up the pike. Capturing these (about 10), I semit a party
to endeavor to take the signal officers who were near that point. The
officers escaped, leaving their flags, glasses, and tents, which were taken
by my men. The brigade then moved on throu~h the narrow strip of
Maryland into Pennsylvania, and made direct for Mercersbnrg. This we
entered without opposition, and, passing through, continued our march
toward Chambersburg, taking in our route the villages of Bridgeport,
Clay Lick, and Saint Thomas. At the latter a few shots were fired by
some of the Home Guard, who were taken prisoners. Leaving this place
about 5 p. in., we pushed on toward Chambersburg, in the hope of re acli-
ing that city before dark but this could not be accomplished, and when
we discovered the lights of the town it w~s so dark that no reconnais-
sance could be made. Not being able to ascertain if there were any
troops in the place, and having heard that somne were there, I deemed it
prudent to demand the surrender of the town before taking my command
into it. Placing the guns then in position to command the place, I dis-
patched Lieutenant [~I2. 0.1 Lee, Second South Carolina Cavalry Regi-
ment, with an escort of 25 men, to demand that the town should be given
up. In reply to this summons three citizens, on the part of the citizens at
large, came forward to ask the terms proposed. I demanded the uncon-
ditional surrender of the town, assuring them at the same time that pri-
vate persons should be protected and private property unmolested,
except such as should be needed for the usc of our armm~y. These terms
being agreed on, I moved the brigade into the city about 8 p. in., and
immediately made dispositions to establish a rigid provost guard. This
guard was placed nuder the command of Captain [J. P.] Macfle, Second
South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, and I am happy to say that good
order was maintained during the whole of our stay in the city
Page 58
58 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
On Saturday morning, the brigade was ordered to bring up the rear
and to destroy such public stores as could not be removed. Captain
Cowles, First North Carolina, was detailed to burn the railroad depot
and a store in which a large supply of arms was found. As soon as the
brigade left the town, Captain [W. H. II.] Cowles fired the depot, de.
stroying a very large amount of arms, ammunition, clothing, & c. Many
revolvers were taken by the men and quite a large amount of clothing
brought off.
Following in the rear of the division, no matters of interest occurred
during the march of Saturday and Saturday night.
On Sunday morning, when I reached Barnesville, orders were sent
from General Stuart that I should place a gun in position to command
the road from Poolesville, while the other gun, with two of my regi-
meuts, was sent to the front. The pickets of the enemy appeared in
Barnesville while I held this position, but no advance was made on me.
The firing in front had been going on for some time, when I was ordered
up. Moving rapidly toward the river, I sent the guim that was with me
to the ford, while I placed the South Carolina regiment and Phillips
Legion so as to cover our march to the river. As soon as the two bri.
gades in advance of me, together with all the led horses and wagons,
had crossed the river, General Stuart ordered me to put my command
across. We were under the fire of the artillery of the enemy while their
sharpshooters were engaging mine. Placing one gun so as to command
all the approaches to the ford, and calling in my skirmishers, I moved
my column to the river and commenced the crossing. Large bodies of
the enemy (infantry and cavalry) appeared in my rear, but were held in
check by the gun I had put in position and my rear guard. As soon as
my leading regiment had crossed, I sent the gun over under cover of a
fire from one of the guns of Lees artillery, and brought my rear guard
down to I)rotect the crossing of this last-mentioned gun. All passed
over in perfect safety and without the slightest confusion. Not a man
or a horse was lost, and the passage of the whole command was made
rapidly and quietly. About 290 horses were brought over by my bri-
gade and about 60 of my own horses left, broken down.
I was most ably aided during this expedition by my officers wh
conduct of my men met my entire approbation. ile the
Besides the officers commanding regiments whom I have named as
having assisted me so materially, I beg to commend the conduct of Cap-
tain Macfie as provost-marshal, and that of Captain Cowles, who, after
destroying the stores in Chambersburg, acted with his company as a rear
guard until we had crossed th~ Potomac, rendering in this position most
important services.
Lieutenant Phillips, who first crossed the river into Maryland, con-
ducted the affair most successfully and behaved with great gallantry.
On this as on every other occasion the members of my staffCaptain
[T. G.] Barker and Lieutenant Hamiltondischarged their duties ad-
mirably and assisted me greatly.
Totheofficersandmenofmycommandlhaveonlypraisetobestow,
for all deserved it. Hoping that they have been fortunate enough to
obtain that of the general commanding, I am, very respectfully, your
obedient servant,
WADE HAMPTON,
Major F~TznuGn, Brigadier- General.
Assistant Adjutant- General.
P.~ S.I should mention that about 280 wounded men were found i
Page 59
CHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 59
Chambersburg and paroled. The report of Captain Cowles as to the
destruction of arnis accompanies this.* Captain Macfie estimates the
number of muskets burned at not less than 5,000.
W. H.
No. 19.
Correspondence and orders relating to movements of the Union forces.
WASHINGTON, D.C.,
October 10, 18629.10 p. m.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Harpers Ferry, Va.:
A rebel raid has been made into Pennsylvania to-day, and Chambers-
burg captured. Not a man should be permitted to return to Virginia.
Use any troops in Maryland or Pennsylvania against them.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 10, 186210 p. m.
Major-General HALLECK:
Every disposition has been made to cut off the retreat of the enemys
cavalry, that to-day made a raid into Maryland and Pennsylvania.
CTEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, (Jomman ding.
GREEN SPRING, VA.,
October 10, 18622 p. m.
Brigadier-General MARCY,
Chief of & aff, Army of the Potomac:
iM~jor Linton reports from Cherry Run that the rebels are crossing
into Maryland at McCoys Ferry. A refugee reports the force at 16,000,
probably exaggerated. I have directed Major Linton to ascertain the
strength and composition of the force. Reports to the same effect come
from Hancock. Coxs brigade will be got off from there to-night if
nothing happens to the road. I have a line of cavalry pickets nearly
completed, extending from New Creek to Cherry Run, from McReynolds
command, and from McCoys Ferry to Falling Waters, from my own.
On the other side, I have scouts hovering about Imboden, to whom I
shall turn my attention as soon as I can get the picket lines well ex-
tended.
WM. W. AVERELL,
Brigadier- General.
MCCLELLANS, October 10, 18626.15 p. m.
Colonel AVERELL, Green ~Spring, Va.:
Your telegram received. General Franklin has been advised of the
contents of your dispatch, and will act according to the emergencies.
Do not fail to report promptly the result of Major Lintons examination
of the strength and condition of the enemys force.
11. B. MARCY,
Chief of & aff.
Not found
Page 60
60 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXt
GREEN SPRING, VA.,
October 10, 18627 p. m.
Brigadier-General MARCY, Chief of Staff;
Major Linton reports as follows:
Lieutenant Boyle has just returned. He went to Fairview, and then to Furnace,
within 1 mile of McCoys Ferry. He recovered one of the flags of the Signal Corps.
He reports that, from various sources, all coinciding, it appears that four regiments
of cavalry, with four pieces of artillery, crossed at McCoys Ferry this morning, and
xvent straight to the pike, which they crossed at Klines, inquiring the road to Penn-
sylvania. Two miles from the pike they turned to the right, along a road which would
lead them back to the pike between Hagerstown and Clear Spring. It was said to be
Stuarts cavalry, and was generally estimated from 3,000 to 4,000 strong. They left
no infantry or artillery behind, at McCoys, but squad of infantry can be observed ou
the Virginia side of the Potomac. The cavalry said their infantry would cross at
Cherry Run. They crosse4 at daybreak this morning.
J. P. LINTON,
Major.
Imboden, I have just learned, is at Wardensville, 47 miles from here.
Shall I go after huin, or ~aii I reach Williamsport, 64 miles, in time to do
any good ~ If I go to Wardensville I might get through Manassas Gap,
it there is not too much force there for me. Please reply.
WM. W. AVERELL,
Brigadier- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 10, 18629 p. m.
Brig. Gen. W. NY. AVERELL,
Commanding Cavalry:
The commanding general directs you to leave sufficient force to guard
the railroad, and then to follow the enemy with the remainder of your
troops, to intercept their retreat, if possible. Communicate frequently
with these headquarters.
R. B. MARCY
Chief of Staff.
Operators send this via Hancock, and also via Cumberland. Call on
commanders to forward.
RB.M.
Chief of Staff.
General W. W. AVERELL, [OCTOBER 10, 1862]9 p. m.
Green Spring, Va.:
Your dispatch of 7 p. m. just received. The commanding general
directs that you come at once (lown the Potomac, and, endeavor to get
on the trail of the cavalry which crossed the river this morning, and
follow it up as rapidly as possible. These rebels should not be allowed
to get back to Virginia. Pleasontons division will be in pursuit to-
night, and you should not lose one minute after the receipt of this order.
Leave a force sufficient to watch the railroad.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff
Page 61
61
CHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA.
HAGERSTOWN, October 10, [1862].
R. B. MARCY, Chiefof Staff:
Citizens report that a force of the enemy crossed the river before
daylight, this morning, at Kinsells Ferry, in front of Clear Spring, and
captured 4 of our men, on picket there. It is supposed they are after a
woolen factory there. General Kenly reports: I have very reliable in-
formation that the enemy commenced crossing the river about daylight,
this morning, 8 miles above here, at McCoys Ferry. I shall send some
of Davis regiment to communicate with General Cox, who was at Clear
Spring last night, and to go on to Kinsells Ferry.
W. T. II. BROOKS,
Brigadier- General.
HAGERSTOWN, MD., October 10, 1862.
Brigadier-General MARCY,
Chief of Staff, liidqrs. Army of the Potomac:
General Kenly writes, at ii a. in.: The enemy have shown themselves
in strong force opposite my post. They have crossed above, as I advised
you previously.
W. T. H. BROOKS,
Brigadier- General.
HAGERSTOWN, MD., October 10, 1862.
General R. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
GeneralKenly reports, atl2m.: Theenemy have crossed theNational
pike toward Mercersburg and Little Cove, Pa. They are about 2,500
strongcavalry and artillery.
Little Cove is a rich yalley in Bedford County, about 9 miles from
Mercersburg.
W. T. H. BROOKS,
Brigadier- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 10, 18624 p. m. (Received 5 p in.)
General W. T. II. BROOKS,
Commanding, Ilagerstown:
The commanding general directs that you send out a messenger at
once to General Crook, commanding Coxs division, and inform him that
he is to endeavor to intercept the rebel troops that are said to have
crossed the Potomac this morning. He will discontinue his march to
Clarksburg, for this purpose, and report everything of importance that
occurs, to these headquarters. Please report the best information you
have of the enemy, directed to Knoxville and to headquarters near Har-
pers Ferry.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Sta~
Page 62
62 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAc,
October 10, 18629 p. m.
General W. T. H. BROOKS, Biagerstown:
COMMANDING OFFICER, Cumberland:
COMMANDING OFFICER, Hancock:
Send the following dispatch to General Crook, commanding Coxs
division:
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 10, 18629 p. In.
Brigadier-General CROOK,
Commanding Cox8 DiviBion:
The comnu~nding general directs you to move your command to McConnellsburg,
or in such other direction as will best intercept the rebels.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
R B. MARCY
Chief of staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 10, 186211.15.
General W. T. H. BROOKS,
Gommanding at Hagerstown:
The general commanding directs that you proceed at once with your
brigade and all the available cavalry of Davis regiment, to endeavor
to intercept and destroy the cavalry force of the rebels which you say
has been reported at Greencastle. Unless this movement is made rap-
idly, it is feared the enemy will escape. it has been reported that four
regiments of Stuarts cavalry constitute the force which crossed the
river this morning.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of & aff.
October 10 HANCOCK, MD.,
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, 1862. (Received 3 ~. in.)
General-in- Chief:
I arrived here with my division at 10 this a. m. Expect to embark
for Clarksburg this evening. Enemy crossed into Maryland near Clear
Spring this morning. Force variously estimated from 3,000 to 6,000
cavalry and one battery; no infantry. I have my cavalry watching
their movements.
Very respectfully,
GEORGE CROOK,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
HANCOCK, MD., October 10, 18626.20 p. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
My cavalry has returned. They verify the previous statements.
Enemy passed on the Cove road toward Pennsylvania
GEORGE CROOK,
Brigadier- General
Page 63
CHAP. XXXI.] STUART S EXPEDITION INTO MD. -AND PA. 63
HANCOCK STATION, [MD.],
October 10, 1862S p. m.
General MARCY:
Your dispatch of this date has been received.* I have sent my cavalry
on the Cove road, near the Pennsylvania line, to picket the road, so that
when the rebels attempt to return I will be apprised of it at once. I have
my division loaded aboard the cars in this place, so that when I receive
information of an attempt to cross at any particular place I can throw
my whole force on the point at once.
GEORGE CROOK,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 10, 186211.25 p. m.
General GEORGE CROOK,
Commanding Division, Hancock Station:
Your dispatch.of 8 p. m. received. You will please remain in your
present position, with your command ready to intercept the rebels, should
they attempt to retnrn anywhere in your vicinity, or above, where you
can reach them by rail. Keep your scouts well on the alert, so that they
may give you timely information of any approach of the enemy, and re-
port to these headquarters everything important you learn.
Pleasontons cavalry, a division of Franklins corl)s, and Averells
cavalry (now at Green Spring) have been ordered out after the rebels
and it is expected they will not be allowed to get back unharmed. -
It is said that the force of the rebels consists of four regiments of
cavalry and four pieces of artillery.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 10, 186212.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. WILLIAM B. FRANKLIN, Hagerstown:
The division ordered to Hancock must march without knapsacks, and
with three days rations in haversacks. Fifteen thousand rations have
been ordered to Hancock from Cumberland, for the use of your division
after its arrival.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
1-JAGERSTOWN, MD., October 10, 1862.
Brig. Gen. R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Stag:
General Brooks has commnnica ted to you Gcneral Kenl~s reports.
He has sent a cavalry force to communicate with Cox, who must be near
Clear Spring this morning. Any orders for my command will reach me
sooner by being sent here than by any other channel.
W. B. FRANKLIN,
Major- General.
* Probably Marcy to Brooks, 4 p. in., p. (U
Page 64
64 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 10 186~9
Major-General FRANKLIN,
Commanding Sixth Corps, Hayerstown, ltd.:
The commanding general directs you to send out one division toward
Chambersburg, on the Hagerstown road, or in such other direction as
will best intercept the rebels.
11. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
P. 5.Communicate freqnently with these headquarters.
R.B.M.
HEADQU& RTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 10, 18621 p.m.
General B. F. KELLEY, Cumberland:
If yon have sent troops to Paw Paw, as ordered in my dispatch of
10 a. in. to-day, you need not withdraw them to send to Hancock, in
consequence of my dispatch of 12.30 p. in., but will hold them in readi-
ness to move there, or elsewhere, as may be needed. The commanding
geueral authorizes you to act according to the information you may re-
ceive of the enemys movements, and to make such further dispositions
of your troops as may, in your judgment, be require(l. It is highly im-
pprtant that the rebels should be preveiited from doing further damage
to the railroad.
R. B. MARCY
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 10, 18624 p. in.
General KELLEY,
Commanding at Cumberland:
It is said that a force of the enemy has crossed the Potomac this morn-
ing near Clear Spring, and has gone toward Little Cove, in Bedford
County. Please communicate this to General Averell, and tell him
the commanding general wishes him to march down the river at once,
after leaving a sufficient force to guard the railroad, and to get on the
trail of the rebels and follow theni up as rapidly as possible. General
COX, with a division of infantry, is also marching toward Hancock,
who will co-operate with General Averell.
11. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HARRISBURG, PA., October 10, 1862.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
I am jnst informed that a body of rebel cavalry have occupied Mer-
cersburg, said to be 3,000 strong. They have cut the telegraph wires,
and are thought to be advancing oii Chambersburg. The Anderson
Cavalry are at Carlisle, and we have 2,500 cavalry unarmed, none of them
mounted. Will you not order Anderson Cavalry up to Chamhersburg,
and send arms for them here ~ The rebels have taken all property they
could move, but have not taken life.
A. G. CURTLY
Page 65
CHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 65
HARRISBURG, PA., October 10, 1862.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
The following is just received from provost-marshal:
CHA.MBERSBURG, October 10, 1862.
ANDREW G. CURTIN:
About 15, on horseback, in town, with carbines and flag of truce. Want to see prin-
cipal men of town. Have large force about 1 mile from town. Will enter in an hour.
F. M. KIMMEL,
Provo8t-Mar8hal.
The Anderson Cavalry should be ordered at once, and the troops in
camp here. We cant get Chainbersburg by telegraph.
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor.
HARRISBURG, PA., October 10, 1862.
lion. B. M. STANTON:
The people have surrendered Chambersburg.
A. G. CURTIN.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
October 10, 1862. (Received 11.35 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK:
I have a dispatch from Shippensburg, 11 miles from Chambersburg,
saying that Chambersburg surrendered at 7 oclock p. in., and is now in
possession of rebels. No doubt they will retire before we reach there
with troops from here. Have sent forward troops from Carlisle, and am
preparing all here for service.
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, October 10, 1862.
Governor CURTIN, llarrisburg, Pa.:
Communicate with General McClellan and General Wool, and use any
troops within your reach to cut oft~ the rebels at Chambersburg. I have
telegraphed to General McClellan but am uncertain about his getting
the message.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief.
BALTIMORE, October 10, 186210 p. in.
Major General MCCLELLAN, Knoxville, Md.:
I have received a dispatch from Governor Curtin that the rebels are
in force at Chainbersburg. I will send several regiments from this city,
and I will be at Havrisburg as soon as possible.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
5 R UVOL XIX, PT I
Page 66
66 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., October 10, 1862.
Capt. T. T. ECKERT:
The operator at Chambersburg says there is a large force of rebel
cavalry reported within 10 miles of that place. Our wire is down be.
tween Chambersburg and Bedfordprobably cut. Railroad route all
right.
ZEJIGLER,
Philadelphia Office.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Knoxville, October 11, [1862]9 a. m. (Received 12.30 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
An engine has been sent from Hagerstown- toward Chambersburg
this morning, and I shall probably hear from them in a short time. I
have made such disposition of troops along the river that I think we
will intercept the rebels in their return. All of my available cavalry
was ordered in pursuit last night, but as yet nothing has been heard
from it. Coxs division is loaded in cars at Hancock, with cavalry well
out toward the Pennsylvania line, and if the rebels attempt to return
above Hancock, the division will be certain to intercept them. if they
attempt to cross below Hancock, I have infantry at or near all the diP
ferent fords. I have six regiments of cavalry now up the river between
Hancock and Cumberland. All of these troops have been ordered to
keep a sharp lookout for the return of the rebels.
The force which crossed the river, I learn from several different
sources, consists of four regiments of cavalry, with four guns, about
2,500 men. I have given every order necessary to insure the capture
or destruction of these forces, and I hope we may be able to teach them
a lesson they will not soon forget.
The great difficulty we labor under is the want of cavalry, as many
of our horses are over-worked and unserviceable.
We have been making every effort to get supplies of clothing for this
army, and Colonel Ingalls has received advices that it has been for-
warded by railroad, but, owing to bad management on the roads or from
some other cause, it comes in very slowly, and it will take a much longer
time than was anticipated to get articles that are absolutely indispens-
able to the army unless the railroad managers forward supplies more
rapidly.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, October 11, 1862.
Major-Geiieral BURNSIDE,
Ninth Army Gorps:
General Wool will send to General McClellan one regiment from
Relay House. The selection is left to him.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief
Page 67
CHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 67
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF TEE POTOMAc,
October 11, 18621 p. m.
General AMBROSE E. BURNSIDE,
Gommanding Army Oorps:
GENERAL: The commanding general (lirects that you send, at once,
two brigades to the railroad at Weverton, to be in readiness to take the
cars to Frederick.
This is only a temporary thing, intended to defend Frederick and our
depot at Monocacy until the rebel cavalry return from their raid into
Pennsylvania.
The general desires you to report, in person, at these headquarters as
soon as you give these orders.
Very respectfully,
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Stafi.
HEADQUARTERS,
Hancock, October 11, 18628 a. m. (Received 10.20 a. in.)
General R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff, Army of the Potomac:
This country is full of by-roads, and it is in my opinion impossible to
intercept the rebels at McConnellsburg or in the interior place. I have
my cavalry picketing all the roads in that section of the country, and
my command is loaded on the cars here, ready to be thrown at once on
any point where the rebels attempt to cross the river. I have not gained
any information of the rebels since they crossed the river.
Yours, respectfully,
GEORGE CROOK,
Brigadier-Generat.
OCTOBER 11, 18629.30.
General CROOK, Hancock:
The general commanding directs that you send a brigade of your com-
mand and a battery to McConnellsburg, to remain until it is determined
which route the rebels will take on their return. It is thought they will
reach Gettysburg to-night. They marched from Chambersburg this
morning.
H. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
OCTOBER 11, 18629.30 a. m.
General GEORGE CROOK,
Commanding Division, Hancock, Md.:
Your dispatch of 8 a. m. received. The rebels, supposed to consist ot
four regiments of cavalry and four guns, about 2,000 men, were at Chain-
bersbnrg last night, but have not been heard from this morning. The
general commanding directs that you remain in your present position
until further orders, keeping your scouts well out on all the roads and
holding your command ready to go to any point where you may think
there is a probability of encountering the enemy. General Averell, wh
Page 68
68 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI
is above you, will probably come down the river to-day with four regi-
ments of cavalry for the purpose of pursuing the rebels, and it is hoped
they may not escape without punishment. Communicate often.
B. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 11, 18629.30 a. m.
General WILLIAM B. FRANKLIN, Hagerstown, Md.:
General Crook has his division in cars at Hancock, ready to move to
any point above that place, if the rebels attempt to return that way.
He has cavalry scouts out on all the roads toward the Pennsylvania line.
Governor Curtin just telegraphs that he has requested the people of
Fulton County to obstruct the pikes crossing Cove Mountain, from
Mercersburg and London, and has directed the people to turn out with
their rifles to annoy the enemy as much as possible. He thinks the
whole party may be captured, and hopes the general will send forces to
do it.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
October 11, 18624 a. m.
General it. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff:
GENERAL: Your dispatch of 10 p. m. of last evening is received. I
cannot find out where McCoys Ferry is, but presume it is- near Han.
cock. I shall, therefore, move toward Hagerstown, and make inquiries
as I proceed.
My command is very small, from the fact of many horses being unshod;
and shoes could not be had. The Eighth Pennsylvania has not yet been
able to obtain horses to replace the old ones of the Peninsula, now used
up. Shall, however, do the best I can under the circumstances.
Very respectfully, A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General, Commanding Cavalry Division.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 11, 186212 m.
Brigadier-General PLEASONTON,
Hagerstown:
A report from Governor Curtin this morning states the rebel cavalry
force camped at Chambersburg last night, and left there at 9 this morn-
ing in the direction of Gettysburg. Force about 2,000 strong, consisting
of Stuarts and Hamptons cavalry.
It is thought, by Mr. McClure, of Chambersburg, that they intend
returning by way of Frederick and Leesburg.
You will at once move with your force, and all of Davis cavalry, at
Hagerstown, by Cavetown and Harmons Gap, to Mechanicstown, where
the Sixth Cavalry has been ordered to join you.
You will send scouts on the direct road from Hagerstown to Gettys-
burg, and also to Emmittsburg and beyond, to ascertain the movement
Page 69
CR& P.~XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 69
of the enemy. It might be well to send citizens, if you caii get them to
go, and send any information you may get to these headquarters by
telegraph from ilagerstown or Frederick, as may be most convenient.
You will take the best route to cut off the enemy, depending on the
information you obtain. Pursue them vigorously, and do not spare your
men nor horses, if you see an opportnnity of overtaking them. They
should not be allowed to escape unharmed.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 11 186
Maj. Gen. FITz JOHN PORTER, 23.30 ~. m.
Commanding P~fth Corps:
GENERAL: The commanding general desires that you will exercise
special vigilance in watching the fords and all possible crossing places
on the river picketed by your command, to prevent all possibility of the
enemy crossing a force to this side, to make a diversion in aid of the
escape of their cavalry, now here, or, in case this latter force should
merely be a feint, to draw attention, and enable them to cross their
army again without serions opposition. In view of these possibilities,
however remote, you will please take every step in your power to pre-
vent such a movement on the part of the enemy.
Yours, very respectfully,
ZR. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
By WM. F. BIDDLE,
Captain and Aide-de-Camp.
COLLEGE OF SAINT JAMES,
October 11 1
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS, 862-.-6 ~ m.
Asst. Adjt. Gen., Headquarters Army of the Potomac:
GENERAL: I have received the following, partly official and partly
rumor, from ilagerstown, brought by officers just arriving at their camp
here:
General Stuart crossed at McCoys Ferry yesterday morning with about (said to be)
3,000 men and one battery. Arrived at Mercersbnrg and took mail and postage-stamps
from office, giving for the latter receipt and promise to pay. General Stuart is stated
to have said that he was ordered over, but never expected to get back (?).
Confederates had arrived at Chambersburg, and were rifling the warehouses. Rail-
road communication broken between Hagerstown and Harrisburg.
General Pleasonton had gone from Hagerstown with cavalry and infantry (Han-
cocks brigade). General Averell must have known yesterday of the crossing of the
enemy, and must be on their track by this time (I).
Smiths division passed up toward Hagerstown to-day.
I have put a query to such as I give as reports. All quiet on my
lines. If General Stuart was ordered over, was it to check movement
on our side, or cover one on theirs, and would he have stated as above?
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General.
P. S.Did they not know of clothing being essential for us, and this
raid would cause delay in its arrival at Hagerstowni
F.J.P
Page 70
70 OPERATIONS IN N. VA~, W. VA,, MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 11, 18628.36 p. m.
Brigadier-General STONEMAN, Pooleseille, Md.:
COMMANDING OFFICER, Frederick Md.:
The following dispatch has just been received from General Franklin:
JIAGERSTOWN, Octolicr 11, 18627.45 p. m.
Brig. Gen. R. B. MARCY:
A discharged officer, named Hamilton, late quartermaster of Bartletts brigade, was
taken prisoner by Stuart last evening at Cliambersburg, and paroled. He had, he
says, a long talk with Stuart, who told him that he had 3,000 cavalry. Would be in
Gettysburg at 12 to-day, and would cross the Potomac at mouth of Monocacy. If he
found too large a force there, would go lower. HamiLtou says there are about 1,900
cavalry. That a force of 300 was absent when they were counted this morning.
W. B. FRANKLIN,
Major- General.
P. S.Stuart desired to be remembered kindly to General S. Williams. This makes
it look authentic.
W. B. F.
The cavalry, as counted this morning, referred above, by a Mr. Mc-
C lelland, numbered about 1,644.
GEG. D. JIUGGLES,
Golonel, cFc.
BALTIMORE, October 11, 18622 a.m.
Governor CURTIN, Harrisburg:
I will send you to-morrow three regiments and a light battery of six
pieces, and I will be with you to-morrow morning; perhaps not nntil 1
p.m.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
HARRISBURG, PA., October 11, 1862.
Major-General HALLECK:
General Wool arrived here to-day, and has assumed command. We
have a very active enemy within the State. A prisoner was captured
by the farmers 5 miles west of Gettysburg this afternoon. He says the
whole rebel force will be in Gettysburg to-night. I hope our military
authorities will capture the force, with all their booty.
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvansa.
HARRISBURG, October 11, 1862.
(Received October 11, 10.15 a.m.)
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Knoxville:
I have requested the people of Fulton County to obstruct the turn-
pike road crossing Cove Mountain, from Mercersbnrg and Loudon; also
all the roads from Mercersburg to Hancock, to prevent retreat in that
direction, placing riflemen at each point in as large numbers as possible.
The whole party ought to be captured, and I hope you can send force
to do it.
A. G. CURTIN
Page 71
CHAP. XXXI.] STUART S EXPEDITION INTO MD.- AND PA. 71.
OCTOBER 11, 186211.10 a. m.
Gov. ANDREW G. CIJETIN, Harrisburg:
Your dispatch of 10.15 this morning received. I have sent out all my
disposable cavalry in pursuit of the rebels, and have posted infantry at
and near all the fords along the Potomac, so that I think they cannot
return into Virginia without being intercepted. I have a division
loaded in cars, at Hancock, ready to move to any point above. If the
rebels attempt to cross in that direction, no efforts will be spared, on
my part, to chastise the party.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
1lli~jor- General, Commanding.
HARRISBURG, October 11, 18622.30 p. m.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Knoxville:
Your message received. The rebels destroyed railroad buildings and
rolling stock at Chambersburg this morning; also railroad bridge 5 miles
east of town. Part of their force left, by Baltimore pike, in direction of
Gettysburg. We are sending about 4,000 men and battery of artillery
to Carlisle. General Wool is here, and will probably go to Carlisle.
Will keep you advised of all that reaches me.
A. G. CUIRTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HARRISBURG, October 11, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Knoxville, ]llid.:
The following received at 10 a. m:
CHAMBERSBURG, [October] 11, via SHIPPENSBURG, 7 a. m.
Governor CUETIN:
Stuarts and Hamptons cavalry, about 3,000 in number, occupied the town last
night. It was formally surrendered, on condition that private citizens should be re-
spected and property not be wantonly destroyed. They took about 500 horses, includ-
ing 10 of mine, but did not interfere with citizens or destroy anything. One regi-
ment encamped before my door, and the officers spent most of night with me. They
behaved very well, and talked freely about everything but their movements. This
morning they have just commenced to movetoward Gettysburg, and all about to move,
apparently. They crossed Potomac yesterday morning below Hancock, so that in-
fantry cannot be with them. It looks as if they were on a foraging expedition through
Pennsylvania, by Frederick to Leesburg, or it may he that the whole army is there,
retreating, to provide supplies and replenish horses and reach Richmond. The cav-
alry would not move farther from their army if they intended to return by Hancock.
Should anything else transpire to-day, I will try and send it to you.
A. K. McCLURE.
A. G. CURTIN.
HARRISBURG, October 11, 18624.10 p. m.
General MCCLELLAN:
Rebels crossed Potomac near Clear Spring, and entered Pennsylvania
by Blairs Valley. Latest advices say they are moving in direction of
Gettysburg, thence by Ernmittsburg, to destroy Government stores at
or near Frederick. These statements are mere conjectures, given to you
as received.
A. G. CUIITIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania
Page 72
72 OPERATIONS IN N.- VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXI.
HARRISBURG, October 11, 18625.30 p. m.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Knoxville:
The rebels are advancing on Gettysburg, and will be there to-night.
The farmers attacked their advance 5 miles west of Gettysburg, and
captured 1 prisoner.
He says the whole force will be in Gettysburg to-night; prisoner is
on his way to Harrisburg, by railroad. Can you get force in rear of
enemy, to prevent their retreat to Fulton or Bedford Counties? General
Wool will have three regiments and battery at Hanover Junction to-
night.
A. G. CURTIX.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 11, 18629.30 p. m.
Gov. ANDREW G. CURTIN, Harrisburg:
Your dispatch of 5.30 p. m. received. I have ordered a brigade (one
of Crooks) from Hancock to McConnellsburg, to remain there until the
rebels are disposed of. Our cavalry will be after them to-night. A bri-
gade of infantry and battery have gone from Hagerstown to Chambers-
burg.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major-General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 12, 18627 p. m.
General W. W. AVERELL,
Gare General Grook, Hancock:
The rebel cavalry have recrossed into Virginia to-day, near the mouth
of the Monocacy. You will, therefore come, by the most direct road, from
your present position, to the vicinity of Williamsport, from which place
you will repoit your arrival by telegraph, via Hagerstown, to these head-
quarters.
IR. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 12, 18621.30.
COMDG. OFFICER BRIGADES OF BURNSIDES CORPS,
Monocacy Junction:
Send back to the Point of Rocks two of your regiments at once, by
railroad, and have them use every effort to prevent the enemys cavalry
from crossing the river into Virginia. They are now scattered.
R. B. MARCY
Chief of Staff.
P. S.No time must be lost.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 12, 18621.45 p. m.
COMDG. OFFICER OF BURNSIDES BRIGADES,
Monocacy Junction:
Send another regiment to Point of Rocks, if you can get cars, an
Page 73
CHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 73
direct the officer to move his regiment down the river toward Nolands
Ferry, to pick up Confederate stragglers in that direction. Answer this,
and tell me what time the troops move.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October [12], 18622.30. p. m.
OFFICER COMDG. BRIGADES FROM BURNSIDES CORPS,
Monocacy Junction:
General Burnside was directed yesterday to send two brigades, by
railroad, to Monocacy Junction, to remain in cars ready to move, at a
moments notice, to any point that the enemy might cross the railroad.
It now appears that the enemy crossed the railroad this morning at
Monrovia, and no report has been received at these headquarters that
your command has made the least effort to stop the progress of the
enemy.
The commanding general directs that you at once report where your
command is at this time, and what you have been doing since you arrived
at Monocacy Junction. I sent you two dispatches to-day, ordering you
to send back three regiments to the Point of Rocks for the purpose of
preventing the rebels from getting back into Virginia, but as yet Iget no
reply from you.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 12, 18627 p. m.
Brig. Gen. GEORGE CROOK, Hancock:
The enemys cavalry have recrossed into Virginia near the mouth of
the Monocacy. You will, therefore, order back your brigade from Mc.
Connellsburg to Hancock, and proceed to Clarksburg, according to your
original orders. Please forward the accompanying dispatch to General
Averell.*
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 12, 18627.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. WILLIAM B. FRANKLIN, Hagerstown:
Pleasonton reports that Stuarts cavalry recrossed into Virginia, near
the mouth of the Monocacy, to-day, having marched over 90 miles in the
previous twenty-four hours. Pleasonton overtook them at the river, with
their artillery in position, but could not accomplish iiiuch alone, owing
to his artillery horses being used up by their rapid pursuit of 78 miles,
and being unable to follow rapidly at the last, though the rebel battery
was silenced and driven off.
Full result not yet reported.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
* See Marcy to Averell, 7 p. in., p. 72
Page 74
74 OPERATIONS IN N. VA.,. XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
MOUTH OF THE MONOCACY, Mm,
Brig. Gen. B. B. MARCY, October 12, 18628.30 a. m.
Chief of General McClellans & aff:
Have crossed the Monocacy at its mouth. Hear nothing of the rebels.
Have sent out scouts in the direction of Barnesville, Poolesville, and at
the lower fords. My command is pretty well used up, having marched
over 70 miles in the last twenty-four hours. If Stuart takes the back
track, shall not be able to follow him, but will do all I can. The Sixth
Cavalry has not reported to me.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 12, 18624.30 a. m.
Brigadier-General STONEMAN, Poolesville:
The following dispatchjust received:
MECHANICSTOWN, 12.30 a. m.
have just heard that the rebels passed down through a small town called Middle-
town, 5 or 6 miles east of this, about one hour ago, so they said. They were travel-
ing at a trot, and were evidently making for the Potomac, to cross. I shall start at
once for Frederick, and expect to hear from them at that poiut. They are making
for either Nolands or Haulings Crossing, at the mouth of the Monocacy.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General.
GEG. B. IWGGLES,
Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 12, 18629 a. m.
General STONEMAN, Poolesville:
Colonel Allen, First Maine Cavalry, commanding at Frederick, reports
by telegraph just received (supposed to have been sent about 8.30 this
morning) that Stuart passed through Urbana two hours before.
GEG. D. BUGGLES,
Colonel and Assistant Adjutant- General.
OCTOBER 12, 18629 a. m.
(Received 10.15 a. in.)
General MARCY:
Your telegrams of 2.45 and 4.30 a. m. this moment received, their
delay owing to the line not working. I have started all the force at my
(lisposal for the mouth of the Monocacy and vicinity.
GEORGE STONEMAX,
Brigadier- General.
General MARCY: POOLESYILLE, Mn., October 12, 186212.20.
The enemy is scattered over the country between here and Point of
Rocks. My who]e force is in pursuit of them, and trying to prevent thei
Page 75
CHAP. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 75
crossing the river, which they can do at almost any point. I am hurry-
ing up Robinsons and Berrys brigades to join in the pursuit, but fear
they will be too late. I have ordered a portion of Wards brigade above
the mouth of the Monocacy. I hope you sent the two regiments to
Point of Rocks yesterday, as I suggested; if so, they will be of great
service. The enemy passed through Barnesville about 10 a. m. this
morning, going toward the month of the Monocacy. I have not heard
of General Pleasonton, but firing has been heard iu the direction of
Point of Rocks. The enemy is very much scattered, and trying to get
across the river in small parties; I have had to divide my small force
accordingly. GEORGE STONEMAN,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
POOLESYILLE, October 12, 18621 p. m.
General B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Robinsons brigade has just arrived, after a forced march from Rock-
yule. General Pleasonton has just been heard from, near the river,
with his force passing toward Conrads Ferry, where I have one regi-
ment of infantry. Enemy has destroyed telegraph wire, for 30 feet, 5
miles above here. Just sent up wire to have it repaired. Infantry firing
between Conrads and Monocacy. GEORGE STOKEMAK,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
POOLESYILLE, MD., October 12, 18622.30 p. m.
Capt. RICHARD B. IRWIN,
Acting Assistant Adjutant-General:
The enemy (Stuarts and Hamptons cavalry, and six pieces of artil-
lery) passed through Barnesville early this morning, pursued by General
Pleasonton. Upon arriving in the vicinity of the river, they scattered
into different parties all over the country. I was, of course, compelled
to divide my force accordingly, and engaged the enemy at the different
points. He has succeeded in crossing the river at the different fords
between the Point of Rocks and Conrads Ferry. I have sent General
Ward directions to concentrate his brigade, call upon General Pleason-
ton for cavalry and artillery, and to cross the river and pursue the en-
emy as long as his men can hold out. Davis regiment has beeu directed
to return to Edwards Ferry and protect the pontoon train until the
arrival of Berrys brigade. Jewetts regiment I have kept at the depot
of supplies, at the mouth of Seneca Creek. The enemy were dressed
in our uniforms, causing great uncertainty in the movements of the
different parties sent out.
GEORGE STONEMAN,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, Octobcr 12, 1862.
Gov. ANDREW G. CuIITIN, harrisburg, Pa.:
General Wool is authorized to stop any troops he may deem proper.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
Page 76
CuAr. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA. 77
to cross. General Pleasonton, with a large cavalry force, is moving out to intercept
them, and if they come in your direction he will probably be near them. We shall
have two brigades of infantry at Frederick to-night. Communicate any informatiou
of the enemy~ s movements to these headquarters from time to time.
The following has just been received from General Pleasonton:
NEAR MOUTH OF THE MONOCACY, MD.
R. B. MAlicy, Chief of Staff
General Stoneman has asked me for some cavalry to send over the river after the
rebels. I have told him that the infantry and cavalry are wholly unfit for service,
and could not follow the enemy until recuperated. My whole command of cavalry
and artillery to-day was not more than 800 men. My force of cavalry was two regi-
ments and a halfboth regiments small. Of the two other regiments ordered to re-
port to me, I have not heard. A force of infantry and cavalry from Poolesville arrived
after the enemy had crossed the river. Unless otherwise ordered, I shall move back
to my camp near Sharpsburg, to-morrow. My horses need rest and shoeing very badly.
It appears that a regiment of infantry stationed near the ford where the rebels crossed
did not engage or attempt to stop them from crossing. I do not know the name of
this regiment.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General, Commanding.
General Stoneman has been directed to furnish an immediate report
as to the manner in which he carried out the instructions contained in
the dispatch of the 11th.
11. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
OCTOBER 13, 18629 a. m.
General A. PLEASONTON,
Near mouth of the llilionocacy, via .Poole8vifle:
Your dispatch of this morning received.* You will march your com-
mand to-morrow morning to these headquarters, which you Will find
near Burnsides headquarters, in Pleasant Valley, and report for further
orders.
No troops will be allowed to cross the river near your position to-day.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
OCTOBER 13, 18629 a. m.
General GEORGE STONEMAN, Poolesvitle, lIJid.:
The commanding general directs that you will not send a detach-
ment across the Potomac, as he conceives it too late now to attempt to
follow Stuart with your command.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
October 13, 18621 p. m.
Brig. Gen. GEORGE STONEMAN, Poolesville:
The commanding general thinks you had better report to General
McClellan to-day. General Grover will proceed to join to-morrow.
Leave him a battery and some cavalry. We will relieve the battery as
soon as possible and return it to you.
RICIII) B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide- de- Camp, and Acting Assistant Adjutant- General.
* See Marcy to Halleck, 9 a. in., p. 76
Page 77
CHAP. XXXL1 STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA.
77
to cross. General Pleasonton, with a large cavalry force, is moving out to intercept
them, and if they come in your direction he will probably be near them. We shall
have two brigades of infantry at Frederick to-night. Communicate any information
of the enemys movements to these headquarters from time to time.
The following has just been received from General Pleasonton:
NEAR MOUTH OF THE MONOCACY, MD.
R. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
General Stoneman has asked me for some cavalry to send over the river after the
rebels. I have told him that the infantry and cavalry are wholly unfit for service,
and could not follow the enemy until recuperated. My whole command of cavalry
and artillery to-day was not more than 800 men. My force of cavalry was two regi-
ments and a halfboth regiments small. Of the two other regiments ordered to re-
port to me, I have not heard. A force of infantry and cavalry from Poolesville arrived
after the enemy had crossed the river. Unless otherwise ordered, I shall move back
to my camp near Sharpsburg, to-morrow. My horses need rest and shoeing very badly.
It appears that a regiment of infantry stationed near the ford where the rebels crossed
did not engage or attempt to stop them from crossing. I do not know the name of
this regiment.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General, Commanding.
General Stoneman has been directed to furnish an immediate report
as to the manner in which he carried out the instructions contained in
the dispatch of the 11th.
H. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
OCTOBER 13, 18629 a. m.
General A. PLEASONTON,
Near mouth of the llfonocacy, via -Poolesville:
Your dispatch of this morning received.* You will march your com-
mand to-morrow morning to these headquarters, which you ~vill find
near Burusides headquarters, in Pleasant Valley, and report for further
orders.
No troops will be allowed to cross the river near your position to-day.
H. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
OCTOBER 13, 18629 a. m.
General GEORGE STONEMAN, Poolesrille, Md.:
The commanding general directs that you will not send a detach-
ment across the Potomac, as he conceives it too late now to attempt to
follow Stuart with your command.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staffi
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
October 13, 18621 p. m.
Brig. Gen. GEORGE STONEMAN, Poolesville:
The commanding general thinks you had better report to General
McClellan to-day. General Grover will proceed to join to-morrow.
Leave him a battery and some cavalry. We will relieve the battery as
soon as possible and return it to you.
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide- de- Camp, and Acting Assistant Adjutant- General.
See Marcy to Ilalleck, 9 a. in., p. 76
Page 78
78 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
October 13, 18621.20 p. m.
Brig. Gen. GEORGE STONEMAN, Poolesville:
Anticipating a dash of Stuarts cavalry in this direction, the General-
in-Chief has ordered everything to be on the alert. We will send a com-
pany of cavalry to Offutts Cross-Roads, with advanced post at Coons
Ford, and another company to Great Falls. Should the enemy cross
there, you ought to prevent his return. Could you do anything to pre-
vent the crossing? What are your orders from General McClellan?
Have you reported to him? Acknowledge.
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-~Jamp, and Acting Assistant Adjutant-General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 13,18622 p. m.
General W. W. AVERELL,
Care General Crook, Hancock, i]Id.:
Governor Curtin just reports that he has beei informed that the rebels,
supposed to be in very great force, are in Franklin County; that this
morning they were within 8 miles of Concord, and stole 1,500 horses last
night. I think there must be some mistake about this and if there is
any foundation for the rumor, I believe it must be a part of Stuarts
force which entered that way. You will please investigate the matter,
and if you ascertain that there -is any force which you can cope with,
you will pursue them day and night until you overtake and engage
them. General Crook, with a division, is at Hancock, with cars ready
to move by railroad to any point west with his whole division. Should
the rebels move up the Potomac to recross, you will l)lease keep General
Crook constantly advised of their progress so that he may intercept
them if possible. Acknowledge the receipt of this at once, and keep us
fully advised.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of & ajJ
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 13, 18622 p. m.
General CROOK, Hancock, Md.:
Gov. A. G. Curtin just reports that he has been informed, by a reliable
man, that the rebels, supposed to be in very great force, are in Franklin
County; that this morning they were 8 miles from. Concord, and that
they stole 1,500 head of horses last night. I think there must be some
mistake about this; but the commanding general directs that you await
in your present position, and send out your scouts to ascertain the truth
of the rumor, and report everything you learn. Please communicate
with General Pleasonton, and send him the above dispatch. You will
remain in readiness to act till further orders.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of & aW
Page 79
V(9
CuAr. XXXI.] STUARTS EXPEDITION INTO MD. AND PA.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 13, 18623 p. m.
General KELLEY,
Commanding Cumberland, lid.:
Governor Curtin reports that he has been informed that a force of
rebels were within 8 miles of Concord, in Franklin County, this morn-
ing, and that they stole 1,500 horses last night. This may be a part of
Stuarts cavalry, which went to Chambersburg. Please direct all your
commanders to keep a sharp lookout for their return, and keep scouts
well out toward the Pennsylvania line, so as to intercept them, if pos-
sible.
Th B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
CUMBERLAND, October 13,18629 p m.
General R. B. MARCY:
Your dispatch of this date just received. Your directions will be
promptly carried out. My aide-de-canip returned this evening from
Bedford. No news of the enemy in that direction.
B. F. KELLEY,
Brigadier- General.
HARRISBURG, PA., October 13, 186211 a. in.
Major-General HALLECK,
General ~in- Chief:
The following just received:
PERRYVILLE, via MIFFLIN.
Gov. ANDREW G. CURTIN:
The rebels are in Franklin County, reported to be making for this road, said and
thought to have been 30,000 strong. They captured 1,500 head of horses. I left last
night at 12 oclock; reached Perryville 8 oclock this morning. Before I left, the rebels
were 8 miles from Concord, my residence, Franklin County. A very reliable man
brought the news to me. The farmers of Franklin County were conveying their horses
to Perry County.
SAMUEL A. JUNKIN.
I am trying to get further information. The person is a reliable
man. We have 3,000 raw troops here, but have no artillery or cavalry.
I earnestly ask that cavalry and artillery be ordered to be ready to
come here, so that, if true, we can have the troops at once. If it turns
out to be true, and we have troops and quick movements, we may catch
them this time. General Andrew Porter is here, and is in my counsel.
A. G. CIJItTIN.
HARRISBURG, October 13, [1862]1l a. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
The following dispatch just received : *
* * * * * * *
I will inform you when I get anything more. The person is a reliable
man.
A. G. CURTIN.
See Junkins dispatch, in Curtin to Halleck, 11 a. in., above
Page 80
80 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, October 13, 1862.
Gov. ANDREW G. CURTIN, Harrisburg, Pa.:
Your telegram of 11 a. m. forwarded to General McClellan. We have
here cavalry barely sufficient for picket duty. The delay of the States
in raising cavalry leaves us greatly crippled in that arm.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in.Chief.
HARRISBURG, PA., October 13, 18621 p. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HXLLECK,
General-in- Chief:
The following just received, in answer to dispatch just sent you:
CHAMBERSBURG, October 13, 1862.
Governor CuRTIN:
We had Junkins rumors, with thousands of others, but they are eutirely unfounded.
To approach Concord they must cross at Loudon, 10 miles west from here, on the
pike, and we have word from there hourly. Concord is at the head of Path Valley,
aud to enter it they must go by Mercersburg and London, and cross Cove Mountain
at London and Fannettsburg, and we could not be without the information. It is
entirely unfounded, and results from exaggerated rumors of their cavalry being at
Saint Thomas on Friday night. About 60 rebel cavalry are just reported by one of
our officers to be in the neighborhood of Fayetteville, 6 miles east, on pike. They
seem to have been scattered and retreating. We are amply prepared for them, and
every one appearing will be fired at. Colonel Grant is here with two Vermont regi-
ments of artillery [infantry].
A. K. McCLURE.
A. G. CUDTIN,
Governor.
HARRISBURG, PA., October 13, 18623 p. m.
Maj. Gen. H. XV. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
I believe the rebels are now out of the State, by Adams County. They
took 60 horses this morning and 2 men, and left. There are still some
in mountains in Franklin County. In Adams County they plundered
houses and stokes. We have 3,000 cavalry here; one regiment in Pitts-
burg, and the An~lerson Cavalry at Carlisle, 950 strong, waiting for
horses and arms. As we have used the Anderson Cavalry twice (this
time as infantry) on the border, and the men know the country and are
adapted to such service, I suggest you had better mount and arm them,
and 1)ut them on the line until the rebel army leaves. Our people are
very much alarmed, and such incursions and pillage will have a very
bad effect. Please telegraph me on this subject. We used all our cav-
alry as infamiairy last week.
A. 0-. CUIRTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HEADQUARTERS AR~1Y OF THE POTOMAC,
October 13, 18623 p. m.
Gov. ANDREW G. CURTIN, Harrisburg, Pa.:
Your telegram of 11 a. m. received. I do not credit the report about
the 30,000 rebels being in Franklin County, for the reason that Ge
Page 81
CnAP. XXXI.] OPERATIONS ABOUT PARIS, SNICKERSYILLE, ETC. 81
eral Averell with a large cavalry force is now in that section, and I have
forces at all points along the Potomac who would, unless they are all
captured, have reported the advance of any force from Virginia. If
there is any foundation for the report, I believe it is a part of Stuarts
cavalry, which must have been detaehed from him when he made his
raid yesterday.
I have ordered General Averell to ascertain the truth of the report,
and, if he finds any force which he can cope with, to follow them day and
night until he overtakes and engages them. I have also put all the
troops on the Upper Potomac upon the alert, and will advise you when
anything is done.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HARRISBURG, PA., October 13, 1862.
P. II. WATSON, Esq.,
Assistant Secretary of War:
The track of the Cumberland Valley Railroad was not injured by the
rebels. Only the railroad buildings and some rolling stock at Chain-
bersburg were destroyed. The trains are running through to Hagers-
town now, and ammunition and other supplies can be forwarded with-
out delay.
W. W. WRIGHT,
Military Sujperintendent.
HEADQUARTERS,
October 14, 18629 p. m. (Received 10 p. in.)
Brig. Gen. W. XV. AVERELL,
Commanding Gavalry, Green Spring, Va.:
The commanding general directs you to leave sufficient force to guard
the railroad, and then to follow the enemy with the remainder of your
troops, to intercept their retreat, if possible. Communicate frequently
with these headquarters.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
OCTOBER 13, 1862..Operations about Paris, Snickersville, and Middle-
burr, Va.
Report of Brig. Gen. Julius Stahel, U. S. Army.
CENTREVILLE, October 14, 1862.
I returned with my command this morning at 2 oclock, having been
very snccessfnl. My troops, under Captain Hanley, proceeded to within
a half a mile of Paris, and, under Ayers, through Snickersville after I
sent my dispatch to you yesterday. My troops met the enemys cav-
alry everywhere, sometimes in small, sometimes in large numbers. We
drove them in at all points. We have been attacked by Whites cavalry,
Loudoun Cavalry, and Sixth Virginia Cavalry, and finally we drove back
a detachment of Stnarts cavalry, which were trying to cut off Captain
Ayers, at Snickersville. Major Knox paroled between 80 and 90 pris-
oners in Middleburg. My other troops took 16 prisoners, 9 of whom
were paroled, and, returning, 7 were brought into camp, with horses and
6 R RVOL XIX, PT I
Page 82
82 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
full equipments. Two of these were from Stuarts cavalry; others from
Whites and Sixth Virginia. One of our men was taken prisoner, but,
after a chase of 6 miles, was recaptured. We also recaptured one of onr
men who had been taken prisoner by Stuart at Leesburg.
JUL. STAHEL,
Brigadier- General.
FRANZ SIGEL, Major. General.
OCTOBER 1617, 1862.Reconnaissance from Sharpsburg, Nd., to Smithfield,
W. Va., including skirmishes near Kearneysville and Shepherdstown.
REPORTS, ETC.
No. 1.Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, U. S. Army, commanding Army of the Poto-
mac.
No. 2.Brig. Gen. Andrew A. Humphreys, U. S. Army, commanding Third Division,
Fifth Army Corps.
No. 3.General Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Army of Northern Virginia.
No. 4.Return of casnalties in the Confederate forces in the skirmish near Kearneys.
yule.
No. 1.
Report of Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, U. S. Army, commanding Army
of the Potomac.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF TIlE POTOMAC,
October 18, [1862]10 a. m. (Received 11.10 a. in.)
The reconnaissance from Shepherdstown, under General Humplireys,
returned safely to camp, opposite that place, last night. They were fol-
lowed by the enemys cavalry all the way back to Shepherdstown, skir-
mishing constantly. Before recrossing the river the First Massachusetts
Cavalry charged the rebel cavalry, and drove them from the town.
The force met by General Humphreys was composed of all arms. Gen-
eral Hancock had returned to Hailtown with his command at dark last
evening, and intended remaining there over night. I have instructed
him to hold that position, if it can be safely done, with a brigade of
his command, information from prisoners shows the entire rebel army
is still in position from Bunker Hill to Winchester and that vicinity.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Jilajor- General, Commanding.
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
No. 2.
Reports of Brig. Gen. Andrew A. flumphreys, U. S. Army, commanding
Third Division, Fifth Army Corps.
HEADQUARTERS,
Kearneysville, [Va.], October 16, 1862sunset.
For a mile past, infantry, as well as cavalry, have partaken in the
skirmish. The enemy have six pieces of artillery, two regiments of cay
Page 83
CHAP. XXXI.] RECONNAISSANCE TO SMITHFIELD, ETC. 83
airy, and some infantry. I hear nothing of the cavalry force that was
to have advanced along the line of railroad to the Opequon nor of the
reconnaissance toward Shepherdstown [Charlestown a?]. Therefore ii
shall encamp where the road to Halitown leaves this road, and where
the road to Martinsburg likewise leaves it.
[A. A. HUMPHREYS,
Brigadier- General.]
[General PORTER.]
HEADQUARTERS RECONNAISSANCE, CAMP AT THE
FORR OF THE HALLTOWN AND MARTINSBURG ROADS,
October 16, 18628 p. m.
The vedettes sent to General Hancock returned after dark. In going,
they met, at the intersection of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 300 cavalry
and one piece of artillery of the enemy. A short distance beyond, they
met the Ira Harris Cavalry, which returned to General Bnrnsides camp.
They met General Hancock at Charlestown; his artillery in position at
4 p. m. his cavalry had begun to move beyond Charlestown. The Ira
Harris Cavalry must be that referred to in the instructions as intended
to move along the railroad toward the Opequon. But none has been as
far as this road, nor can I now expect. I shall move to Leetown to-
morrow morning, and try to communicate with General Hancock. I
have stated, in a previons report, what force I have felt. It was stated by
persons living on the road near Kearneysville that the enemy have three
brigades of infantry, besides their cavalry. They leave at least two
regiments of cavalry aiid four or six pieces, besides the two on the Mar-
tinsbnrg road and the two on the Halitown road. Two of these pieces,
on adjoining roads, may perhaps be counted as appearing later on the
main road.
A. A. HUMPHREYS,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Reconnaissance.
IIDQRS. ONE-HALF MILE BEYOND KEARNEYSYILLE,
October 17, 18623 a. m.
We have moved this far this morning without molestation. A colored
man, whom we took here last night, says, The enemy sent back to their
main body for ~
A. A. HUMPHREYS,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Division.
Lieutenant-Colonel WEBB,
Chief of Staff, P?~fth Army Corps.
P. S.We had 1 killed and 10 wounded yesterday, and took 2 pris-
oners of the Fifth Virginia Infantry. Found 2 of the enemy dead on
the side of the road.
HEADQUARTERS Two MILES BEYOND KEARNEYSYILLE,
[October 17 ?], 18624 a. m.
A prisoner we have just taken, of Fifth Virginia Cavalry, states that
Lees whole force of cavalry, six regiments, at least, are in our front
and flank, and at least one brigade of infantry and six pieces of arti
Page 84
84 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
lery. Their camp was at Striders Miii, 3 miles from here, but was
moved yesterday farther along the Opequon. They control this road, so
far as my cavalry is concerned. I cannot send it from me. They are
strong enough to dismount their cavalry iu front as infantry. As soon
as I have dislodged them iu front, I shall either send the cavalry for-
ward, with two pieces of artillery, the gunners of which I have mounted,
or return with the whole force.
Since having occupied the cavalry in General Hancocks right, it is
probable his cavalry have effected the object of the reconnaissance.
A. A. HUMPHIIEYS,
Brigadier- General.
[Col. A. S. WEBB.]
HUMPHREYS COMMKND,
Near Kearneysville, October 17, 18626 a. m.
I mwe to Leetown, and will send forward my cavalry to Smithfield,
if possible. There were, last evening, two regiments of cavalry, three or
more of infantry, and from four to six guns in front of me. They may
have been re-enforced last night. Let me know as soon as possible
what yonr movements are.
A. A. IIUMPHREYS,
Brigadier- General, Comdg. Reconnaissance from ~hepherdstown.
Major-General HANCoCX,
Commanding Reconnaissance from flarjpers Ferry.
[Indorsement.]
Colonel Strother says there is a rumor that Stuart has 10,000 cavalry
ahead, 8 miles to our right. W. S. H.
HEADQUARTERS HUIIPHREYS COMMAND,
ON ROAD Two MILES BEYOND KEARNEYSYILLE,
October 17, 18629.15 a. m.
We have a very large force of the enemy in front and on our right
flank, and are moving cautiously. The last dispatch was dated half ai~
hour too late; it should have been 7.30 oclock.
A. A. HIJMPHREYS,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Reconnaissance.
Col. A. S. WEBB,
Chief of ~3taff, Fifth Corps.
P. S.One of the men taken prisoner yesterday, it has been found
out, communicated our number and the object of the expedition to the
enemy.
HEADQUARTERS,
Leetown, October 17, 186212.30 p. m.
Received the orders to return at 12.30 oclock. Communicated at once
to General Hancock the hour of my intended withdrawal from this
point, and have just received a communication from him, dated 11.40,
saying that he would withdraw from Charlestown in twQ hours. At
Page 85
CHAP. XXXI.] RECONNAISSANCE TO SMITHFIELD, ETC.
85
oclock I received a message from Major Curtis, saying that he was
more than half-way to Smithfield, and had met with no opposition. He
has this moment returned. The enemys cavalry now occupy Smith-
field. I return at once.
A. A. IIUMPHREYS,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Reconnaissance.
Licut. Col. A. S. WEBB,
Chief of Staff, JAfth Corps.
HEADQUARTERS,
Kearneysrille, October [17], 1862~3.30* [4] p. m.
We have reached this point without loss, and with no attack, except
when leaving Leetown, where they shelled us for nearly a mile.
A Confederate, who came in to nurse (he says) a wounded brother
at Shepherdstown, has a pass from Longstreet, who commands the left
wing. He is at Bunker Hill.
A. A. HUMPHIREYS;
Brigadier- General.
Major-General PORTER.
HDQRS. Two AND A HALF MILES FROM SHEPHERDSTOWN,
October [17], 18625 p. m.
We have reached this point without molestation. Cavalry skirmish-
ers follow us, and we exchange shots with them. We shall cross the ford
to-night. My last dispatch should have been 4 p. m. instead of 3.30.
A. A. HUMPHREYS,
Brigadier- General.
Major-General PORTER.
HDQRS. ONE AND A HALF MILES FROM SHEPHERDSTOWN,
October [17], 18626 p. m.
The enemy follow us with two pieces of artillery and some cavalry.
We have been exchanging fire of batteries with them.
A. A. II1IJMPIIREYS,
Brigadier- General.
Major-General PORTER.
HEADQUARTERS THIRD DIvIsIoN, FIFTH ARMY CORPS,
October 19, 1862.
COLONEL: I have to report, for the information of the major-general
commanding the Fifth Corps, that, in compliance with iustructions re-
ceived on the evening of the 15th instant, the command detailed for the
reconnaissance in the direction of Kearneysville, Leetown, and Smith-
field, moved from the camp, near Sharpsburg, at daylight on the 16th.
it consisted of 500 cavalry, nuder the command of Maj. G. S. Curtis,
First Massachusetts Cavalry; two sections (four rifled guns) of Battery
ID, Fifth U. S. Artillery, and a section (Xapoleons) of the Fifth Massa-
chusetts Battery, the whole commanded by First Lieut. Charles E.
Hazlett, Fifth U. S. Artillery; Buchanans brigade of United States
* See Humphreys to Porter, 5 p. in., October [17], following
Page 86
86 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. CHAP. XXXL
Infantry, Sykes division, 1,250 strong, commanded by Maj. Charles S.
Lovell, Fifth U. S. Infantry; Tylers brigade, Third Division, 2,500
strong, commanded by Col. E. M. Gregory, Ninety-first Pennsylvania
Volunteers; Griffins brigade, Morells division, 2,250 strong, com-
manded by Col. C. M. Alexander, District of Columbia Volunteers, the
whole constituting a force of 500 cavalry, six pieces of artillery, and
6,000 infantry.
The difficult crossing of the canal and river, watched by the enemy,
occupied much time. The command marched in the order stated, the
advance guard of the cavalry, 150 of the Fifth U. S. Cavalry, being corn-
manded by Lient. J. P. Ash, of that regiment. Two miles beyond Shep-
herdstown our advance was resisted by four regiments of Lees cavalry
brigade and two pieces of artillery, commanded by Maj. Gen. J. E. B.
Stuart. An attempt to draw them into ambuscade failing, they were
driven from position to position, the ground being highly favorable to de-
fensive operations, to half a mile beyond Kearneysville (6~ miles beyond
Shepherdstown). Here they were re-enforced by the remainder of Lees
brigade of cavalry, two regiments, four pieces of artillery, and a brigade
of infantry (formerly Jacksons), five regiments strong, commanded by
Col. Charles A. Ronald. Our ~ix pieces of artillery were rapidly placed
in position; the skirmishers of the United States infantry advanced in
open ground upon theirs, posted in the wood, and in fifteen minutes, or
less time, their force was driven from this position. This took place
about sunset.
I have subsequently learned that the enemys infantry advanced from
Bunker Hill the night before, had reached Kearneysville about 3 p. in.,
and were engaged in destroying the railroad in that vicinity when our
approach interrupted them. One regiment of this brigade (Fifth Vir.
ginia Infantry) had been occupied for three days previous in breaking
up the Winchester Railroad, at Thompsons [Stephensons] Station, 6
miles beyond Smithfield.
In selecting a position to encamp for the night I was governed by the
following considerations, viz: Information, believed to be worthy of con-
fidence, had been obtained (luring the day that there was a camp of
infantry (a brigade) on the Opequon, at Striders Mill, 3 miles from
Kearneysville; the cavalry detachment, of 150 men, commanded by Cap-
tain Crowninshield, sent on the road from Shepherdstown to Martins-
burg, reported a large cavalry force, with two pieces of artillery, at
Williamston, 3 miles to my right; two vedette parties, sent by me in the
direction of Charlestown, to communicate with General Hancock, had
not returned, and I was thus left in doubt whether I was not open to
the enemy on the left as well as on the right and in front. Accordingly,
1 encamped for the night at the cross-roads leading to Martinsbnrg and
to Charlestown, retracing my steps 1 mile toward Shepherdstown.
The vedette party sent out froni Shepherdstown returned at night,
just as the troops had encamped, and reported that a force of at least
300 of the enemys cavalry, with one piece of artillery, occupied the
crossing of the railroad, on the Shepherdstown and llalltown road, but
that lie had eluded them, and delivered my dispatch to General Han-
cock, who occupied Charlestown. In returning, he saw their camp-fires
near the same ground.
The next morning, at daylight, the march was resumed in the same
order as the previous day, the cavalry in advance, throwing out detach-
ments of about 25 men on the roads leading toward Martinsburg and
the Martinsburg pike, with instructions to report from time to time;
the United States infantry next (with two pieces of artillery), throwin
Page 87
CaM. XXXI.] RECONNAISSANCE TO SMITHFIELD, ETC. 87
out a line of skirmishers; then Gregorys infantry, Alexanders infantry
forming the rear of the column and furnishing the rear guard of in-
fantry. A squadron of cavalry brought up the rear of all. Two pieces
of artillery were at the head of Gregorys column, and two at that of
Alexanders.
A mile and a half beyond Kearneysville the enemys cavalry, supported
by artillery, appeared in very strongforce in onr front and on our right
flank, their skirmishers exchanging shots with ours, and their artillery
opening upon us. It had now been ascertained, with tolerable certainty,
that their cavalry force in that vicinity was not less than 7,000 strong
(two brigades, of six regiments eachLees and Ashbys), with at least
six pieces of artillery.
There had been ample time to bring up additional infantry from Bun-
ker Hill, not more than 11 miles from us. The last road leading to
Charlestown (8 miles distant), before reaching Leetown, branched at
this place. For a time it appeared to me doubtful whether it was not
better to halt my infantry at this point, and endeavor to advance my
small force of cavalry, with two pieces of artillery (the gunners mounted
for the occasion on cavalry horses), to Smithfield, and allow them to re-
turn by way of Charlestown and Harpers Ferry; but, upon further con-
sideration, I determined to advance with my whole force to Leetown,if
possible, since I could best learn in that way whether heavy infantry re-
enforcements had been thrown forward from Bunker Hill; and should
it prove to be so, the fact would be positively ascertained that the
enemys army still occupied its old position, or, at least, had not fallen
back. With a small force of cavalry as skirmishers in front, followed
by a line of infantry skirmishers, the regular brigade in the order of
battle (two pieces of artillery in its center), the rest of the command in
the order heretofore stated, and the main body of cavalry on the flank,
near the column of infantry, we advanced without further opposition to
Leetown, the enemy falling back as we advanced. Here, establishing
the infantry and artillery in the fine position which the ground afforded,
I accepted the proposition of Major Curtis to take 25 of his men and
proceed rapidly to Smithfield, between 4 and 5 miles distant. I did
this because I deemed it injudicious to attempt to send forward the
whole body of cavalry in the face of the enemys powerful force of that
arm. Major Curtis accomplished the undertaking in a handsome man-
ner. Avoiding the road until within 2 miles of Snmithfield, he escaped
the observation of the enemys cavalry, who watched the main body of
troops. He drove a party of cavalry into Smithfield, and returned
within the time promisedtwo hours. My instructions had now been
fulfilled, and the objects of the reconnaissance had been accomplished.
It had been ascertained that the enemys cavalry, under command of
General Stuart, occupy Martiusburg and the crossing of the Opequon
by the roads to that town from Shepherdstown and Leetown, having
strong outposts close up to Shepherdstown; that there is probably some
infantry at Striders Mill (Leetown crossing of the Opequon), and that
the left of the left wing of the enemys army, commanded by General
Longstreet, rests on Bunker Hill.
Half an hour before the return of Major Curtis, I received directions
to return to my camp, near Sharpsburg, the object of the reconnaissance
having, it was understood, been accomplished. I was also instructed
to fall back simultaneously with General Hancock. I had been in com-
munnication with him that day, and had already informed him of the
hour (2 p. in.) when I should commence the return march, and, soo
Page 88
88 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXT.
after I had dispatched this information, I received, a communication
from him, stating that his return march would commence about the
same hour.
The troops marched back in the same order in which they had halted,
the regular infantry forming the rear of the column of that arm the
cavalry, with two pieces of artillery, bringing up the rear, and its rear
guard commanded by Lieutenant Ash. The enemy opened his artillery
upon us as the march began, and, with his cavalry skirmishers, followed
us to Shepherdstown. Two and a half miles from that place two of
his regiments of cavalry charged the rear guard of ours, which, at 40
paces, fired upon them, emptying many saddles of the first platoon,
throwing the head of the column into some confusion, and bringing it
to a temporary halt. Our cavalry then moved from the road into the
fields, and llazletts artillery, in battery, on the road, opened upon the
enemys column as it charged over the crest of the hit], and drove it
l)ack in disorder. Their loss at this encounter is unknown to me. Their
artillery now replied, first directing fire at our guns, and wounding a
gunner seriously; then, with solid shot, at our columns of cavalry and
the infantry of the rear, but without effect. Here their artillery fire
ceased, but their cavalry followed us into Shepherdstown, an dmadea
show of charging, but were rapidly driven back by Lieutenant Ash.
We were not again molested by them, and had crossed the river by
11 p.m.
I regret to be obliged to report the loss of 1 man killed, 9 wounded
(2 mortally, who have since died), and 3 missing. A list of them is
appended.* The loss of the enemy, so far as positively known, was 4
killed (1 captain, 1 lieutenant, and 2 privates) and 3 wounded. From
the number of Enfield rifles found scattered upon the ground where
their infantry was posted, in the wood near Kearneysville, the number
of wounded there must have been 12 or 15. The above-named loss
must have been more than doubled at the attempted cavalry charge.
We have 8 prisoners, a list of whom is appended.*
It gratified me highly to notice the admirable bearing of all the
troops, some of whom have only recently entered the service. I wish
particularly to acknowledge the assistance I received from Major Lovell,
commanding the brigade of regulars; Major Curtis, commanding the
cavalry; Captain McClellan, my assistant adjutant-general; Lieuten-
ant Ash, commanding detachment of Fifth U. S. Cavalry, and Lieu-
tenant llazlett, commanding the artillery.
I have already reported the accomplishment by Major Curtis of the
difficult and dangerous duty of advancing, with a small detachment of
his cavalry, to Smithfield, and desire likewise to notice the active, en-
terprising, and energetic conduct of Lieutenants llazlett and Ash.
My warm acknowledgments are due to the officers of my staff, Capt.
Carswell McClellan, assistant adjutant-general, and my two volunteer
aides, Captain Hopkins, aide to General Briggs, and Mr. II. H. Hum-
phreys, for the zealous and intelligent discharge of the duties imposed
upon theni.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. A. HUMPHREYS,
Brigadier- General, Gomnmanding Reconnaissance.
Lieut. Col. FRED. T. LOCKE
Assistant Adjutant- General, Fifth Army Gorps.
Omitted
Page 89
CHAP. XXXI.] ROCONNAISSANCE TO SMITHFIELD, ETC. 89
[Indorsement.]
HEADQUARTERS FIFTH ARMY CORPS,
October 23, 1862.
Respectfully forwarded, for the information of the major-general com-
manding the Army of the Potomac.
General ilumplireys accomplished in a most satisfactory n~anner the
object of the expedition, and carried out most judicionsly the instruc-
tions of the commanding general, and was ably seconded by every
officer of his command. .
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General, Commanding.
No. 3.
Report of General Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, commanding Army of
Northern Virginia.
HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
Via Winchester, Va., October 18, 1862.
SIR: The enemy, on the 16th, moved in strong forceinfantry, artil-
lery, and cavalryfrom Harpers Ferry and the ford below Shepherds-
town, on the road to Charlestown and Smithfield, and proceeded to
Charlestown and Leetown. Yesterday our cavalry retired, by order, be-
fore the enemy.
At 3 p. m. yesterday evening, enemy commenced to return, and last
night recrossed the ford below Shepherdstown. Withdrew from Charles-
town.
Our cavalry has resumed its original position.
R. E. LEE,
General, Commanding.
Hon. GEORGE W. RANDOLPH,
Secretary of War.
No. 4.
Return of casualties in the Confederate forces in the skirmish near Kear
neysville.
co~and.
JACKSONS DIViSION.
Winders brigade:
4th Virginia 3 14 17
5th Virginia 5 5
27th Virginia 1 1
carpenters battery 1 1
Grand total 5 21 2
Page 90
90 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAr. XXXI.
OCTOBER 1617, 1862.Reeonnaissance from Harpers Ferry to Charles
town, W. Va., and ski~sh en route.
REPORTS.
No. 1.Brig. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock, U. S. Army, commanding First Division,
Second Army Corps.
No. 2.Brig. Gen. John C. Caidwell, U. S. 4rmy, commanding Second Brigade.
No. 3.Col. Samuel K. Zook, Fifty-seventh New YQrk Infantry, commanding Third
Brigade.
No. 4.Col. William R. Lee, Twentieth Massachusetts Infantry, commanding Provis-
ional Brigade.
No. 5.Maj. Charles J. Whiting, Second U. S. Cavalry.
No. 6.Col. Thomas T. Munford, Second Virginia Cavalry, commanding brigade, of
skirmish at Charlestown.
No. 1.
Reports of Brig. Gen. Winfleld S. Hancock, U. S. Army, commandin~q
First Division, Second Army CQrps.
OCTOBER [10], 1862.
I am now in Charlestown. The enemy have taken the right hand
road toward Berryville, toward the Shenandoah. I believe they have
nothing but horse artillery and cavalry. They now hold a knoll and
the Winchester road.
As soon as I establish my line beyond the town, I will send the cav-
alry forward. I have had 9 men hurt.
WINFD S. HANCOCK.
General COUCH.
OCTOBER 10, 18621 oclock.
GENERAL: I cannot ascertain how much cavalry force was here, with
any certainty. All numbers are stated, from 200 to five regiments.
There were from five to seven guns. The enemys cavalry pickets are
moving about to my right and left rear; I therefore have to picket those
roads a good deal. This will reduce the cavalry force available to move
forward, to about 600 men. This command seems small; still, as I have
received no other instructions, I will order Colonel iDevin to proceed.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant.
Maj. FRANCIS A. WALKER, [Not signed.]
Assistant Adjutant- General, Second Corps.
OCTOBER [16], 1862.
On my right, 1 mile to the rear of me, there is a road leading to Shep-
herdstown. Two miles distant from my road, toward Shepherdstown,
can be seen, it is said, three pieces of artillery and about 60 men. One
l)iece fired two shots at our pickets. This matter ought to be investi-
gated, but I do not like to detail cavalry from the cavalry command,
shortly to move forward, as it would create a good deal of delay.
Some of the people here say that Jackson is in command at Bunke
Page 91
CHAP. XXXI.] RECONNAISSANCE TO CHARLESTOWN, ETC. 91
Hill, with a strong force. This is from the investigation of Lieutenant
Boweii. The enemy left one limber with us. He disabled one piece
of our horse artillery; have only three.
Your obedient servant,
WJNFD S. HANCOCK,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Division.
General MARCY, Commanding.
OCTOBER 1~7, 186210 a. m.
MAJOR: An intelligent negro who had been taken pris~ner from us,
and since been employed as a waiter to a captain of the tSeventh Vir-
ginia Cavalry, arrived here this morning from Berryville. He left there
last night. There is one regiment of cavalry and four pieces of artillery
between here and Berryville; at and near Berryville, the Second, Third,
Sixth, Seventh, Ninth, and Twelfth Virginia Cavalry; no infantry up
to last night; a wagon train of 100 wagons at the junction of the Berry-
ville and Winchester pike. The information as to the position of the
enemy appears to be the same as yesterday.
I send a note containing other information received from same source.
Your obedient servant,
WJNFD S. HANCOCK,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Division.
Major WALKER,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
CITARLESTOWN, October [17], 1862.
I have it from reliable authority, I think, that the enemy are in force
at Winchester and Bunker Hill. My informant, a good Union man,
certified to by Colonel Miles, a Northern man, says they are sending
their wagons here every day and taking all the flour and wheat they
can find in the country. They are destroying the railroad between here
and Winchester. They were expected here to-day for the same purpose.
He says there are from 800 to 1,000 cavalry about here and five guns.
They have an encampment df cavalry of several regiments 3 miles from
here, on the Berryville road. This gentleman says there is a very large
force between Bunker Hill and Winchester, although he says he thinks
they are packing up, preparatory to a move. This gentleman says
he is certain that the enemy were at Winchester yesterday.
Your obedient servant,
WINFD S. HANCOCK,
Brigadier- General, Commandina Division.
Major WALKER.
P. S.This gentleman is Mr. Riddle, brother-k~i-lawto Colonel Strother
(Porte Crayon).
HEADQUARTERS HANCOCKS DIVISION,
Harpers Perry, Va., October 22, 1862.
MAJOR: On the 16th instant, in obedience to instructions, I marched
toward Charlestown, Va., with my division and 1,500 men of other divis-
ions, under command of Col. NY. H. Lee, Twentieth Massachusetts Vol-
unteers, and a force of cavalry, with a battery of four guns (horse artil-
lery), Colonel Devin being in command thereof. The advance, unde
Page 92
92 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
Maj. C. J. Whiting, Second Regiment Cavalry, consisting of portions of
the First, Second, Fifth, and Sixth Regular Cavalry, with the horse artil-
lery battery of four guns, under command of Lient. George Dickenson,
Fourth Regiment of Artillery, started at daylight, and was immediately
followed by the command.
The advance of our column encountered the enemys pickets beyond
llalltown, drove them in, and pursued until, w hen within short artil-
lery range of the high ground this side of Charlestown, th eenemywas
found posted. He opened fire upon us with artillery. Our horse artil-
lery battery, supported by Capt. M. A. Renos First Cavalry, then en-
gaged the enemy, who opened fire from five guns, and deployed dis-
mounted cavalry as skirmishers on their front and flanks. The infantry
was brought up as soon as practicable and deployed, and our batteries
placed in position. An advance was immediately made, Capt. William
W. Tompkins battery, Third Regiment Artillery [John A. Tompkins
battery, A, First Rhode Island], opening at the same time. We soon
ascertained that the enemy had been driven away by the fire of our
artillery, together with the threatened attack by the infantry. his force
only consisted of the artillery already referred to, with two or three
regiments of cavalry. The town was at once taken possession of and
the troops suitably disposed for defense. Toward evening our infantry
advanced and occupied the heights surrounding the town, within ar-
tillery range. The infantry was afterward withdrawn, and the roads
guarded by the cavalry. A reconnaissance was then made a distance
of several miles, in the direction of Bunker Hill, by the cavalry, under
Capt. M. A. Reno, supported by Maj. C. J. Whitings command.
Major-General McClellan, commanding the Army of the Potomac, hav-
ing arrived in Charlestown shortly after we had occupied it, directed the
movements last referred to, and, having obtained all the information for
which the reconnaissance was made
taken. , no further operations were under-
The command remained in Charlestown until about 2 p. m. the next
day, when we received orders to return. It then marched to Halltown,
and occupied that position during the night.
The next morning, after an examination of the roads, and it being
found there was no enemy in front, the command returned to Harpers
Ferry.
Early on the morning of the 16th, I sent one squadron up the railroad
as far as Kearneysville. It proceeded to that point without meeting
General Humphreys command, as was expected, and, having performed
the task assigned it, returned to camp, the commander making his report
direct to the commander of the Second Corps d Arm6e. I regret I have
not the name of this officer.
While in Charlestown I appointed Col. J. R. Brooke, of the Fifty-third
PennsylvaniaVolunteers, military governor, the better to preserve order.
About 100 officers and soldiers of the ConfederateArmy were found in the
town, consisting entirely, it is believed, of surgeons, hospital attendants,
convalescents, and sick. Twenty-six were sent to the provost-marshal at
Harpers Ferry, and 38 wonuded and unable to be removed, were paroled.
Time did not permit the paroling of all who were severely wonuded, as
they were scattered throughout the town, requiring more time than
we had for the purpose, to find them.
The casualties on either side were about equal, and were not numer-
ous. I found some parts of artillery carriages belonging to the enemy,
which I destroyed.
The officers and troops behaved well. Col. J. R. Brooke, command-
ing the advance guard of infantry; Mmmj. C. J. Whiting, Second Reg
Page 93
ChAP. XXXI.] RECONNAISSANCE TO CHARLESTOWN, ETC. 93
ment Cavalry; Capt. M. A. Reno, First Regiment Cavalry, commanding
the supports to the horse artillery; First Lient. George Dickenson,
Fourth Artillery, commanding that battery; Second Lient. Arthur Mor-
ris, Fourth Artillery, temporarily attached to said battery, and Capt.
C. H. Morgan, Fourth Artillery, chief of artillery of the corps, who made
the dispositions of the artillery, are the only officers whom it is thought
deserve special mention. First Lients. N. Bowen and J. H. Wilson,
Topographical Engineers, were present, and afforded me valuable assist-
ance.
Herewith please find the paroles of prisoners, and the reports of Brig.
Gen. J. C. Caldwell, commanding Second Brigade; Col. S. K. Zook,
commanding Third Brigade; Col. W. 11. Lee, commanding Third Bri-
gade, Second Division, and Maj. C. J. Whiting, Second Cavalry; also
report of Lieutenant Ttitzins, provost-marshal of this division.
I am, major, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WINFD S. HANCOCK,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Division.
Maj. FRANCIS A. WALKER,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Second Corps dArm~e.
[Indorsement.]
HEADQUARTERS SECOND CORPS,
October 25, 1862.
This report of Brigadier-General Hancock is respectfully forwarded,
and this most excellent officer is especially recommended to the favor-
able notice of the commanding general. Captain Sileldon, Sixth New
York Cavalry, is the officer who made the dashing reconnaissance to
Kearneysville, referred to by General Hancock.
D. N. COUCH,
illiajor- General.
No. 2.
Report of Brig. Gen. John C. 61aldwell, U. S. Army, commanding Second
Brigade.
HEADQUARTERS CALDWELLS BRIGADE,
Bolivar Heights, Va., October 20, 1862.
CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part
taken by my brigade in the reconnaissance of the 16th and 17th instant:
Some distance beyond Halitown, where the artillery fire commenced,
the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Miles, consisting of the Sixty-first
and Sixty-fourth New York Volunteers, was detailed from me, by order
of General Hancock, and ordered to report to Colonel Brooke. I drew
up two of my three remaining regiments (the Fifth New Hampshire and
Seventh New York) in line of battle, on the right of the road, and put
the third, the Eighty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers, in column of divis-
ion behind the center of ihe line. In this order, with skirmishers
thrown out well to the front, I advanced to and through Charlestown.
Just beyond the village, we halted until about 4 p. in., when, by order,
I advanced my skirmishers and line of battle through the woods, nearly
2 miles beyond Charlestown, and remained until relieved by the Sixth
New York Cavalry, under Colonel Deviu, when we returned to our for-
mer position, on the outskirts of Charlestown. We saw about 50 of
the enemys cavalry, which retired as we advanced
Page 94
94 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
The next afternoon I was ordered by General Hancock to retire, and
withdrew to ilalitown, where I drew up in line of battle, supporting
Thomas battery.
On Saturday, the 18th, by order, I returned to camp. There were no
casualties in my command.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN C. CALDWELL,
Captain HANCOCK, Brigadier- General, Commanding Brigade.
Assistct nt Adjutant- General, Hancocks Division.
No. 3.
Report of Cot. Samuel K. Zook, Pifty.seventh New York infantry, corn.
manding Third Brigade.
HEADQUARTERS THIRD BRIGADE, HANCOCKS DIVISION,
Bolicar Heights, 17a., October 21, 1862.
CAPTAIN: On the morning of the 16th instant, this brigade, except
the Fifty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, which was detached as ad-
vance guard, marched, at sunrise, under orders received the night before,
toward Charlestown. On arriving about 1 mile beyond Hailtown, firing
was heard in front, and the command halted.
Soon after, an order was received to march the brigade to the front
and take position ~u and near a wood, to the right of the road, and to
detach the Fifty-seventh New York Volunteers to Colonel Brooke, in
command of the advance guard, on the left of the road. After placing
the Fifty-second and Sixty-sixth New York Volunteers in the woods,
and the Second Delaware Volunteers in support of Tompkins battery,
to its left, skirmishers were advanced to the farther edge of the timber;
and, fin ding this force inadequate, another regiment was asked for, and
the Twentieth Massachusetts Volunteers sent me. After some artillery
firing to our left, and half an hours delay, an order was given to advance
upon Charlestown, which was executed in battalion columns, with de-
ploying intervals.
The enemy having been drivell beyond Charlestown, at about Ip. m.
another order was received to place my command in line of battle, to the
left and a little in rear of the village. This having been executed so
that my command stood in rear of the Irish Brigade, another order was
received from the general commanding to place two regiments in sup-
port of Captain Pettits battery, about 125 yards in advance of General
Meaghers command. Having executed this order, and received iu-
structions to watch the enemy on our left, their cavalry pickets were
observed till about 5 p. m. in and about a strip of wood, a mile distant.
At that hour an order was received, through. Lieutenant Mitchell, aide-
de-camp, to take a regiment and clear the wood, preparatory to its
occupation by our cavalry. This object was effected by the Sixty-sixth
New York Volunteers, under the immediate supervision of the colonel
commanding the brigade, without loss, and the regiment returned to
its former position about dusk, the cavalry having taking possession of
the wood as soon as it was cleared. Part of the Twentieth Massachu-
setts Volunteers was then ordered to picket the left and front, half a
mile from the battery. The night and following morning were passed
without incident, with the Sixty-sixth New York and Second Delaware
supPorting the battery, and the Fifty-second New York and th
Page 95
Cii~. XXXI.] RECONNAISSANCE TO CHARLESTOWN, ETC. 95
Twentieth Massachusetts occupying their first position, in rear of the
Irish Brigade.
About 1 p. m. on the 17th, orders having been received from the
general, the Fifty-second and Sixty-sixth New York Volunteers and
Twentieth Massachusetts Volunteers were drawn off and placed in a
wood, to the left and rear of the town, near the road, preparatory to
following Caldwells brigade to the rear. The Second Delaware Volun-
teers was ordered to remain with the battery, but joined this brigade,
by subsequent orders from the general commanding, just as Caidwells
command had passed. No interruption occurred on the march till near
Halitown, when the command was halted, and, under orders, line of
battle was formed by my brigade to the left or south side of the road,
sheltered by a wood. Skirmishers were thrown forward to the next
wood, in advance, toward Charlestown, to relieve those of General Kim-
ball, and were afterward established as pickets. The whole brigade re-
mained in this position until about an hour after sunrise on the 18th,
when, by the generals order, in conjunction with the remainder of his
command, it marched back to camp on Bolivar Heights, without any
casualty whatever during the expedition. I am happy to state that the
conduct of officers and men was all that could be desired.
The regiments under my orders during the reconnaissance were com-
manded as follows: The Second Delaware Volunteers, Col. William P.
Baily; Twentieth Massachusetts Volunteers, Capt. Ferdinand Dreher;
Fifty-second New York Volunteers, Col. Paul Frank Fifty-sevent1~
New York Volunteers, Maj. A. B. Chapman, and Sixty-sixth New York
Volunteers, Col. Joseph C. Piuckney.
I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
S. K. ZOOK,
Colonel, Commanding Brigade.
Capt. JOHN HANCOCK,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
No. 4.
Report of Col. William R. Lee, Twentieth Massachusetts Infantry, corn..
manding Provisional Brigade.
HDQRS. THIRD BRIG., SECOND Div., SECOND Coups,
Bolivar, Va., October 23, 1862.
CAPTAIN: In compliance with the direction of General Hancock, I
have the honor to report the following as the operations of the troops
under my command in the late reconnaissance to Charlestown, Va.:
To the Twentieth Massachusetts, Seventh Michigan, Forty-second New
York, and Fifty-ninth New York, of the brigade under my command,
were added the First Minnesota and Seventy-first and Seventy-second
Pennsylvania Regiments. The First Minnesota, under command of Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Morgan, was detached for skirmishers, nuder command
of Colonel Brooke and remained so detached during the reconnaissance.
The Twentieth Massachusetts was directed to act with Colonel Zooks
brigade at the commencement of the firing, in advance, and was absent
from the brigade until the return to camp.
When advanced about 1 mile beyond llalltown, I received orders to
move forward on the left of the road, in line of battle, and to support
batteries then engaged. The Forty-Second New York, the Seventh
Michigan, a~d Sey~mty-first Pennsylvania were formed in line of battle
Page 96
96 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
and placed under the immediate command of Col. N. J. Hall, Seventh
Michigan Volunhiers. The Fifty-ninth New York and Seventy-second
Pennsylvania were ployed in column, in rear of the right and left flanks
of the line, respectively. After some time, my command. was moved, by
the flank, upon the road to the suburbs of Charlestown, where the Seventh
Michigan and Seventy-first Pennsylvania were left, nnder Colonel Hall,
to support Tompkins battery on the right, and these two regiments,
with the Forty-second New York, furnished pickets for the right flank
of the town till withdrawn on the next day. The other three regiments
were in reserve, near the road.
Upon falling back toward camp, my command was the advance guard.
The Seventh Michigan and Seventy-first Pennsylvania were deployed
as skirmishers for 1,000 yards on each side of the road, until the head
of the column arrived before Hailtown, when the former was relieved,and
joined the brigade, which was in line of battle on the right of the road.
The Seventy-first Pennsylvania remained as pickets during the night,
and returned with the brigade to this place in the morning.
The troops under my command were not engaged with the enemy, but
their behavior was in every respect perfectly satisfactory.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. It. LEE,
Colonel, Commanding Third Brigade, Second Dtvsston.
Capt. WILLIAM G. MITCHELL,
Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, flancocks Division.
No. 5.
Report of Maj. Charles J. Whiting, Second U. S. Cavalry.
HEADQUARTERS SECOND CAVALRY,
October 19, 1862.
SIR: The troops nuder my command in the late expedition to Charles-
town consisted of a battery of the Fourth U. S. Artillery, commanded by
Lieutenant Dickenson; First U. S. Cavalry, 120 sabers, commanded by
Captain iReno; Second U. S. Cavalry, 150 sabers, commanded by Cap-
tam Gordon, and the Sixth U. S. Cavalry, 300 sabers, commanded by
Captain Sanders.
Casualties in the battery, 1 man killed and 3 wounded; in the cavalry,
mione.
The battery was supported by Captain IReno, with his regiment and
one squadron of the Sixth Cavalry, dismounted.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
CHAS. J. WHITING,
lIIajor Second Cavalry.
General W. S. HANCOCK.
No. 6.
Report of Col. Thomas T. Munford, Second Virginia Cavalry, command
ing brigadc, of skirmish at Charlestown.
APRIL 2, 1864.
CAPTAIN: I beg leave to report the following as the substance of what
occurred at Charlestown, in Jefferson County, October 16, 1862:
My brigade was stationed near Cabletown, on the pike between Charles
Page 97
CHAP. XXXI.] EXPEDITION TO THOROUGHFARE GAP, ETC. 97
town and Berryville, and picketed from Walpers Cross-Roads, on the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, to Berrys Ferry. The Twelfth Virginia
Cavalry was on picket at Charlestown, under command of Lieut. Col. R.
H. Burks. Capt. B. H. Smith,jr., Third Company Richmond Howitzers,
was also on picket, supporting Lient. J. W. Carter, of R. P. Chews bat-
tery, of my brigade, with one 3-inch rifle gun. Captain S[mith] had two
10-pounder Parrotts of his own and one from Watsons battery. The
enemy drove in our pickets early in the morning, with ~ division of in-
fantry, artillery, and cavalry. With four pieces of artillery, admirably
handled, these gallant officers and men held at bay for four hours the
advance of McClellans grand army, and only retired when their ammu-
nition was exhausted. Captain Smith at one time, with but two guns,
contended with sixteen guns of the enemy, and, while making this
splendid defense, lost his foot, and was captured in the town as his last
piece was retiring from the field.
In this engagement our loss was 2 killed and 3 wounded in the artil-
lery. The enemy acknowledge a loss of between 75 and 100 men killed
and wounded.
The brigade, consisting of the Twelfth, Seventh, Sixth, and part of
the Second, was held to support the picket in rear of the town, and when
the cavalry retired through the town several members of the Twelfth
Cavalry were wounded. We fell back gradually, skirmishing with
them, and disputing every foot of ground.
General Hancock, of the Yankee army, commanded the advance of
their troops occupying the town. They threw out their pickets half a
mile, and remained there until the next morning, when they returned
hastily to Harpers Ferry.
Lieutenant Carter, of Chews battery, was wounded early in the action,
but returned to his gun as soon as his wound was dressed.
I commend Lieutenant-Colonel Burks, Captain Smith, Lieutenants
Carter and L. F. Jones for their gallant defense.
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
THOMAS T. MUNFOIID,
Colonel Second Virginia Cavalry, Commanding Brigade.
Capt. JOHN ESTEN COOKE,
Assistant Adjutant-General, & e.
OCTOBER 1718, 1862.Expedition to Thoroughfare Gap, Va., and skirmish.
R~port of Brig. Gen. Julius Stahel, U. S. Army.
FAIRFAX COURT-HOUSE,
(Received October 18, 18624.40 p. in.)
General BAYARD:
The following has just been received and forwarded for your informa-
tion:
F. SIGEL,
Major-General.
[Inclosure.]
GAINESVILLE, VA., October 18, 1862.
General SIGEL:
As yesterday stated, I went forward to Upperville to meet the enemy.
We found only Captain Gibsons company, and drove in their pickets,
7 R R.-VOL XIX, PT I
Page 98
98 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MP., ANI) PA. [C7AL. XXXT.
wheu they ran, as they always do. There is iio levee this si(le ot the
Shenandoah but these few, who easily forded, on an alarm being given
on the other side. There is considerable artillery at Miliwood and hear
there. I am informed by prisoners and others that on account of our
approach Hills division is ordered down to the Shenandoah. From Up-
perville I marched to iRectortown and Salem, driving the enemy before
us in all directions, making prisoners of infantry, cavalry, and scents,
amounting to about 80 men. From Salem I left at night for White
Plains, arriving there at midnight, where we encamped, sending strong
detachments, taking possession of Thoroughfare Gap.
This morning early I intended to march to Warrenton, to ascertain
the force of the enemy there, which is variously stated as being con-
siderable infantry and artillery; others as a brigade of cavalry, and
others as only a small force of cavalry. Just as I was making my prep.
arations, some of the pickets came in with the news that some wagons,
with a small escort, with provisions, were captured by 400 rebels early
in the morning. A few minutes afterward, one man came in confirming
the news, and that the enemy were advancing in strong force through
Thoroughfare Gap. Shortly after, the report came in that my force were
driven out of the gap, and that the enemy were advancing with artillery
and a large force of cavalry, and in possession of the gap. I at once
took a strong advance guard of Colonel Wyndhams command and
pushed for the gap, and, after skirmishing, with a loss of 1 or 2 men
and horses and 1 captain wounded, we d rove them through the gap
and followed them up to Hay Market. The enemy retreated, at full run,
and I am following them up as closely as the condition of my horses
will allow. I will send you farther report as soon as any news comes in.
I send in one of the enemys caissons full of ammunition.
The number of our prisoners altogether amounts to 80 and more. I
will send in a full account at a more convenient time.
I hope to send you good reports to-night, as I am hard in pursuit, and
they retreating at full run on every road.
JUL. STAHEL,
Brigadier- General.
OCTOBER 21, 1862.Reconnaissance from Loudoun Reights to Lovetts-
ville, Va., and skirmishes en route.
REPORTS.
No. l..Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, U. S. Army, commanding Army of the Potomac.
No. 2.Brig. Gen. John W. Geary, U. S. Army.
No. 1.
Report of 3faj. (len. George B. McClellan, U. S. Army, commanding Army
of the Potomac.
HEADQUARTERS AR1~IY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 21, 18626 p. m. (Received 7.20 p. in.)
The expedition which started last night after the rebel foraging party,
near Lovettsville, is just heard from. We captured 28 prisoners, with
their horses and arms, including a captain; killed, 10. Onr loss was I
man killed and 3 or 4 slightly wounded. This was (lone l)y a detach-
ment of Devins cavalry, under Colonel Denim
Page 99
ChAT. Xxxi.] RECONNAISSANCE TO LOVETTSVILLE, ETC. 99
I have ju~t receive(1 reliable information that no force of the enemy
have passed through Snickers (hip from Winchester; merely foraging
parties.
There is probably a force of some 10;000 rebels on the road from Ber-
ryville to Snickersville, near the north bank of the Shenandoah.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in-Chief.
No. 2.
Report of Brig. Gem John W. Geary, U. S. Army.
HDQRS. SECOND Divisiox, TWELFTH ARMY Coups,
Loudoun Heights, Va., October 22, 1802.
COLONEL: About midnight of the 20th I received orders from Major-
General Burnside to proceed on a tour of reconnaissance. I have the
honor to furnish the major-general commanding with a copy of my re-
l)ort of the result of the same.
The orders for me to proceed on a tour of reconnaissance toward Lov.
ettsville were received abont 12.30 oclock on the morning of the 21st.
I have the honor to report that my column, consisting of portions of the
First and Second Brigades and Knaps Pennsylvania battery, of th4s
division, and about 300 of the Sixth New York Cavalry, ordered to re-
port to me for the occasion, was put in motion about 2.30 oclock. We
l)roceeded up the valley lying between the Blue Ridge and Short Hills,
by the Hillsborough and Harpers Ferry turnpike, passing through
Neersville to Hillsborough, at which place we expected to meet a con-
siderable number of the enemy, as I learned, on our way there, that
they had been there on the evening previous; but,on our arrival, I
found that they had been hastily recalled to Snickersville, where they
had returned during the night. Just beyond Hillsborough we captured
several rebel cavalry scouts. I there learned that a portion of the ene-
mys cavalry was in the neighborhood of Morrisonville, where I sent
about 200 infantry and 100 cavalry upon a road leading directly to it,
and pushed forward rapidly with the main body to Wheatland, and ex-
tended my line eastwardly, toward Waterford, catting off all commu-
nications upon the roads running south. The main body of the cavalry
then proceeded toward Lovettsville, and fell in with a portion of Whites
cavalry battalion, under Capt. 11. B. Grubb, drawn up in line of battle,
on the edge of a wood, upon the Glenmore firm, about 1 ~ miles north
of Wheatland, and with sharpshooters on the tops of hay-stacks. The
(letachment of the cavalry remaining with me (about 200), led by Lieu-
tenant-Colonel MeVicar, impetuously charged upon the enemy, who
resisted them but a short time and then beat a hasty retreat, closely
l)ursued by our cavalry for several miles in a running fight. The enemy
finally scattered in all directions, and during their retreat closed several
gates, to impede our pursuit. A few well-directed shells were thrown
among them.
Our loss was 1 killed and 2 wounded. That of the enemy, 2 knowmi
to be killed and 12 wounded, and, no doubt, others, who escaped, were
also wounded. The list I furnish in Appendix A. Of prisoners we too
Page 100
100
OPERA~rIOtS IN N. VA., W. VA., MP., AND PA. [ChAP. X~Xt.
2 officers and 20 men (Appendix B). Of these Jacob H. Rol~ertson was
so badly wounded that 1 paroled him.
This cavalry organization was notorious for its numerous depredations
on the property of Union people in Loudoun County, and lately for con-
scripting for the rebel army.
Our cavalry exhibited much bravery in their charge, and throughout
conducted themselves admirably. Colonel Devin, their commander,
Lieutenant-Colonel McVicar, and Major Carwardine, are deserving of
much approbation for their display of gallantry and ability. Iii the
charge Lieutenant-Colonel McYicar, who led it, had his horse shot under
him, and received a bullet through his coat. The infantry and artillery
evinced, upon the long march of 35 miles, a highly commendable spirit
of alacrity, and great desire to be brought into action.
The rebel captain and some of his men were clothed in our uniform,
a growing practice, so reprehensible that it should meet with condign
punishment, as the deception engendered is always apt to cost lives and
disasters.
The column marched to Lovettsville and encamped for the night, and,
resuming the journey, the expedition reached Loudoun Heights shortly
after noon to-day. Upon the march we arrested a number of citizens,
who had United States military property in their possession, taken at
Harpers Ferry. I have turned over the prisoners of war to the l)lovost-
marshal at Harpers Ferry, the horses to Major-General Buruside, afl(1
the arms and accouterments taken to the ordnance officer of the
division.
Yery respectfully, your obedient servant,
JNO. W. GEARY,
Brigadier-General, Commanding.
Lient. Col. H. C. RODGERS
Assistant Adjutant- General, Twelfth Army corps.
OCTOBER 24, 1862.Skirmishes at Nanassas Junction and near Bristoe
Station, Va.
Reports of ]1Thj. Gen. Franz Sigel, U. S. Army, commanding Eleventh
Army Corps.
IIDQRS. ELEVENTH CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Fairfax Court-House, October 25, 1862.
No news from Leesbnrg yet. Cavalry detachment from Aldie reports
a small rebel party of 8 in that town on Thursday. They saw a bright
light last night in the direction of Leesburg at 8.45 p. in., for three
minutes, when it was extinguished. A party from Gainesville and [New]
Baltimore, Hay Market and Thoroughfare Gap, under Major Stedman, of
the Sixth Ohio Cavalry, returned this morning, and reports a force of
100 men at New Baltimore. The party proceeded through the gap, and
was fired upon on their return by guerrillas, wounding 2 of our men
severely. Major Stedman reports the Manassas Gap Railroad in good
running order to Front Royal. A reconnaissance was sent out day before
yesterday, under Captain Conger, Third Virginia Cavalry, by way of
Davis Ford, to Dumfiies, Stafford Springs, and Warrenton Junction, with
orders to return, by way of Catletts Station and Bristoc Station, to Manas-
sas Junction, where a detachment of the First Vermont Cavalry, unde
Page 101
101
CHAP. XXXI.] SKIRMISHES AT MANASSAS JUNCTION, ETC.
Captain Flint, was stationed, for Captain Congers support. At the
same time a detachment of the Maryland cavalry was sent to Bristoe
Station, which detachment, having left that place, arrived at Manassas
Junction at 2 oclock p. m. yesterday, when immediately the whole force
at that place was attacked and driven back, with a loss of 2 officers
(Lieutenant Patterson and Lientenant Dorsey, First Maryland Cavalry)
and 15 men. At 4 p. in., Captain Conger, coming from Catletts Station
toward Bristoe Station, with about 40 men, was attacked abont 2 miles
south of Bristoes Station by a force of 125 rebel cavalry, which he
routed, his force returning by way of Manassas Junction to this place.
This morning I am sorry to report that I lost the service, of Captain
Conger, his horse, during the fight, becoming disabled, and his brother
(First Lieutenant Conger, of the Third Virginia Cavalry) and 1 man of
the company only being missing. Twelve of the enemys saddles, at least,
have been emptied. We captured 2 prisoners and 3 horses. It seems
that the enemy advanced from Warrenton Junction, with a strong force,
to reconnoiter our advanced position, sending 150 men to ManaSsas
Junction, and 125 men to Bristoc Station, the whole force evidently
returning to Warrenton Junction. I have further learned from refugees
and other reliable sources that the enemy has a ferce of 2,000 cavalry, con-
sisting of the Second North Carolina, Seventh and Twelfth Virginia, a
small detachment of infantry, with some artillery, at Warrenton. The
strength of the infantry force is given variously from one company to
two regiments. No force but strong pickets at Warrenton Junction,
Rappahannock Station, and Fredericksburg. No re-enforcements what-
ever have been sent lately from Winchester to Warrenton. The rebels
have only been running two trains this week to Warrenton Junction
and Warrenton. Our scouts are sent in different directions. Shall
report when they return. It would be of the utmost importance to
have a signal corps attached to this corps, or at least two or three
signal officers.
F. SIGEL,
Major- General.
Major-General BANKS.
(Repeated by Banks to McClellan, 8.15 p. in.)
FAIRFAX CoURT.HoUSE,
October 27, 1862.
Captain Dahlgren, of my staff, returned from an expedition to Catletts
Station. He found the pickets of the enemy on the other side of Cedar
Run, small patrols only having been lately to Greenwich and Bristoe.
Captain Conger, of the Third Virginia Cavalry, was seriously wounded
in the engagement last Friday, and lies in a farm-house near Bristoe
Station. Lieutenant Conger and 2 privates were taken prisoners and
sent to Culpeper. Captain Conger fought with his small force (of
about 30 men) a very strong force of the enemy (about 200). The enemy
had 1 captain killed and 2 captains wounded,besides having7or8pri-
yates killed and quite a number wounded.
F. SIGEL,
Generals BANKS and IIEINTZELMAN.
(Repeated to McClellan, 11 a. in.
Page 102
102 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. WA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
OCTOBER 26-NOVEMBER 10, l862..Operations in Loudoun, Fauquier, and
Rappahannock Counties, Va.
SUAMIMARX~ OIF TIIE PRINCIPAL EVENTS.
Oct. 27, 1862.Skirmish at Snickers Gap.
29, 1862.Skirmish near Upperville.
31, l862.Skirmish at Snickersyille.
Skirmish at Aldie.
Skirmish near Mountville.
Nov. 1, l862.Skirmish at Phulomont.
Skirmish at Berrys Ford Gap.
2, 1862.Skirmish at Castlemans Ferry, near Snickers Gap.
2 3, l862.Skirmishes at Union and Upperville.
:i, 1862.Skirxnish at Ashbys Gap.
Reconnaissance to, and skirmish at, Snickers Gal).
4, 1862.Skirmish at Markhams Station.
Skirmish at Manassas Gap.
Skirmish at Salem.
5, l862.Action at Barbees Cross-Roads.
Skirmish near Warrenton.
5 6, lS62.Reconnaissance to Manassas Gap, and skirmish.
6, l862.Skirmish at Warrenton.
7, l862.Skirmish at Rappahannock Station.
Skirmish at Waterloo Bridge.
Skirmish at Jefferson.
8, 1862.Skirmish at Rappahannock Station.
Skirmish at Little Washington.
Skirmish at Hazel River.
Skirmish near Warrenton.
Affair near Snickersyille.
9, l862.Skirmishes near Rappahannock Station.
Skirmish at Newbys Cross-Roads.
Skirmish at Philomont.
10, 1862.Action at Corbins Cross-Roads, uearAmissville.
Skirmish at Gaines Cross-Roads.
Skirmish at Markhams Station.
H1~PORTS.
No. 1.Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, U. S. Army, commanding Army of the Poto-
mac, of action at Barbees Cross-Roads and skirmish at Manassas Gal).
No. 2.Brig. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Divisioi.
No. 3.Col. David McM. Gregg, Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry, of operations October
26November 22.
No. 4.Lient. Col. J. William Hofmann, Fifty-sixth Pennsylvania Infantry, of skir-
mishes at Union and Upperville.
No. 5.Lient. Col. Horace B. Sargent, First Massachusetts Cavalry, of reconnais-
sance to, and skirmish at, Snickers Gap.
No. 6.Capt. John D. OConnell, Fonrteenth U. S. Infantry, of reconnaissance to,
and skirmish at, Snickers Gap.
No. 7.Brig. Gen. George D. Bayard, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry Brigade, of
skirmishes at Monntville, Aldie, and near Rappahannock Station.
No. 8.Brig. Gen. A. Sanders Piatt, U. S. Army, of reconnaissance to Manassas Gap,
dnd skirmish
Page 103
CHAP. XXXI.] OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 103
No. 9.Lient. Col. James S.Fillebrown, Tenth Maine Infantry, of affair near Snick-
ersyille.
No. 10.General Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, of action at Corbins Cross-Roads, near
Amissville.
No. 11.Ma,j. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart, C. S. Army, commanding cavalry, of operations
October 30November 6.
No. 12.Lieut. Col. J. B. Gordon, First North Carolina Cavalry, of action at Bar-
bces Cross-Roads.
No. 13.Maj. Elijah V. White, Virginia Cavalry Battalion, of skirmish at Philomont.
No. 14.Col. Thomas L. Rosser, Fifth Virginia Cavalry, commanding Lees brigade,
of action at Corbins Cross-Roads, near Amissville.
No. 1.
RE port of MaJ. Gem George B. McClellan, U. ~. Army, commanding Army
of the Potomac, of action at Barbces Cross-Roads and skirmish at Ma-
JEassas Gap.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE P OTOiXIAC,
Near Rectortown, November 511.20 p. in.,
Via Gainesville, Va., November 6, 18627 a. m.
I have the honor to report that the last corps of this army (General
Franklins) finished crossing the Potomac at Berlin on Monday, the 3d
instant. Upon the preceding day Snickers Gap had been occupied by
General Couchs corps without serious opposition. This corps was
relieved the same day by General Porters corps, which still occupies
the gap. Yesterday General Couchs corps took possession of Aslibys
Gap, and now hold it. ~f he enemy appears in some force opposite
Snickers Gap. He al)andoned his position in front of Ashbys Gap
last night, and is reported to have gone in the direction of Front Royal.
General Burnsides command is posted l)etweeli Piedmont and Salem.
General Reynolds is on his left and rear. General Franklin is east of
Upperville, on the Aldie and Ashbys Gap turnpike. General Pleas-
onton, with his brigade of cavalry, has for several days past been skir-
mishing constantly with the enemys cavalry, supported at times by
infantry, at Upperville and vicinity. About 12 in. to-day he met and
attacked General Stuarts command, of about 3,000 rebel cavalry and
four pieces of artillery, at Barbees. Colonel Gregg, Eighth Pennsyl-
vania Cavalry, with that regiment and the Sixth Regular Cavalry,
iiioved on the right of the enemy, and turned his l)osition. Colonel
l)avis, Eighth New York Cavalry, with his regiment attacked the ene-
mys left, and Colonel Farnsworth, with the Eighth illinois Cavalry,
moved against the center. Penningtons battery in the mean time Cli-
gaged him by sections. A largely superior force charged Colonel Davis
Eighth New York Cavalry, but were gallantly met and repulsed. A sec-
tion of artillery then opened upon the fugitives. The enemy left 10 dead
upon the field, and lost 20 prisoners. We took a number of carbines
and pistols. Our loss was 5 killed (General Pleasontons command num-
bered about 1,500 present on the field) and 8 wounded. In the engage-
muent Colonel Davis, Eighth New York Cavalry, had his horse killed
under him. General Averell encountered a force of the enemy this
morning at the mouth of Manassas Gap, and drove them back into the
l)ass, where they took up a position, supported by artillery. General
Averell, being without support, could not pursue them farther into the
~nountains. He has now gone to loin Pleasonton at Sandy Hook, nea
Page 104
104 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
Chesters Gap. A brigade of Burnsides corps relieved his command at
mouth of Maiiassas Gap. General Bayard with his cavalry is in front
of Salem. I am in communication with General Sigel.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
His Excellency ABRAHAM L~COLN, Major.General, Commanding.
President of the United States.
No. 2.
Reporis of Brig. Gen. A ifred Pleasonton, U. S. Army, commanding Gay-
airy Division.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Lovettsville, Va., October 26, 1862li a. m.
GENERAL: My command, with the exception of the Eighth New York,
which has not joined me, has arrived at this place, and I am passing
through to a camp 3 or 4 miles in advance. Everything appears quiet
about here. The rebels have had scattering parties of horse-thieves
through this vicinity in the last few days.
Unless I receive further orders, I shall start in th~ morning for Pur.
celiville.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Brigade.
Brig. Gen. Ii. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
MORRISON-VILLE, October 27, 18627 a. m.
GENERAL: My command stopped in front of this place last night, on
the Purcellville road. My advance was 2# miles farther on, and a scout-
ing party proceeded as far as Pnrcellville, bnt did not meet or hear of
any rebels in that vicinity.
iDay before yesterday, a foraging party of one regiment of infantry,
one of cavalry, and a section of artillery came within 2 miles of this
place, and took away a train of forage and grain from the farm of a
General Wright, a noted secessionist.
In this valley, up as far as Middleburg, there is an abundance of hay
and forage. The foraging party of day before yesterday went out by
Snickersville Gap. There are a good many Union people in this county
(Londoun), and some organization of them would be advantageous to
protect themselves from rebel guerrillas, as well as rascals of our own,
who are prowling over the country; besides, it wouJd enable theni to re-
strain their secesh neighbors, who appear to be very violent at times.
Have found an excellent map of Loudoun County, by Yardley Taylor. It
has the. name of every mans residence in the county and all the roads
properly marked. It would be well to have this map photographed if
you have not one equally as good. Last night was very hard on my
men and horses. I shall proceed to Purcellville to-day and scout ir~
that vicinity, and await further orders
Page 105
CHAP. XX~.] OPERATIONS iN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 105
It is reported that A. P. Hill is near Snickersville with a force, and
has proclaimed martial law. A Union man told me the rebel army at
Winchester was in a miserable condition.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General, ctc.
Brig. Gen. R. B. MARCY.
OCToBER 27, 18621.15 p. in.
GENERAL: Your dispatch of this date* is just received. I am now
within 4 miles of Pnrcellville, and think it best to proceed on than to
turn back to my old camp.
I shall send TOll word this evening if there is any force in the vicinity
of Snickersville. Everything is quiet, as far as I can learn.
Would it not be well to inform me of the whereabouts of Sigels troops
and of others I may come in contact with?
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, & c.
Brig. Gen. R. B. MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, October 27, 18621.30 p. ii.
GENERAL: My advance drove some rebel cavalry pickets out of this
l)lace, and find a small force some 2~ miles from this on the road to
Snickersville. I have sent the Eighth New York, ColonelDavis, to see
what they have and what force there is at Snickersville.
I am inclined to believe it is only a small cavalry force, and that they
have nothing of any consequence on this side of the Shenandoah.
Shall I send for my wagons? Rations are out to-morrow.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
General MARCY. Brigadier- General.
PURCELLYILLE, October 27, 18624 p. in.
The two squadrons of Sixth Cavalry I sent out this morning now
occupy flillsborough, having had a skirmish with the rebels and lost
a corporal, taken prisoner by his horse falling.
It is reported that Munford is at Snickersville, with infantry, cavalry,
and artillery. I shall soon know.
Very respectfully, -
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, ct-c.
General MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, October 27, 18627 p. m.
Colonel Davis, Eighth New York, reports having driven the enemy
through Snickersyille, and that his advance was fired on from the gap,
~nd he lost 1 man killed and 5 horses by the bursting of a shell. The
Not fou~i4
Page 106
106 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. ICIIAr. XXXL
Pal) is a strong position, and will require considerable force to dislodge
them. He saw no infantry force.
The Eighth illinois captured 2 rebel cavalry soldiers this afternoon
in the direction of Phulomont.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, & c.
General MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, October 27, 18627.15 p. in.
Your dispatch of 12 m. received.* Shall send out in the morning in
the direction you speak of. It is probable Longstreet passed through
Aslibys Gap, and that they wish to hold Snickersville CTap for some pur-
~)ose, as there is also a road from Snickersville to Aldie through Philo-
mont. The road is good to this place, and it would be well to push some
brigades of infautry this way.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, & c.
General 1~. 13. MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, October 28, 18629.15 a. in.
Information, through Union people, place8 Hills command at Upper-
ville, and that troops have been passing through that place for some
days. Their pickets extend as far as the Snickersville and Aldie turn-
l)ike, over which they do not allow any one to pass north or south. I
judge they are holding Snickersville Gap until they have time to pass
through Ashbys, which is the next.
I have l)arties in the direction of Aldie and Middleburg, and shall
soon know more. It would be well to send some infantry and force
these fellows out of Snickersville Gap. My force is too small to do that
and cover the roads in front. Indeed, more cavalry here just now would
be of the greatest service.
I have the country covered to the Catoctin Mountains, this side of
Leesburg. Everything appears quiet toward Leesbnrg.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General, & c.
General 1~. B. MARCY.
P. S.I sent you the ifl~l) of Loudoun County last night. i)id you
get ito?
PURCELLYILLE, October 28, 1S621 .10 p. in.
My scouts drove the enemys pickets out of Philomont this morning,
oi the Snickersville and Aldie road, and they took the direction of Aldie.
A considerable force is reported at Middleburg.
The rebels have a signal station on the mountain to the north of
Snickersville. Philomont is some 7 miles from here.
My people are pushing on toward Aldie for more information.
Very ~spectfnlly, ~. IPLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, ~
General MARCY.
* Not foI~nl
Page 107
CHAP. XXXI.] OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 107
PURCELLVILLE, October 28, 1862.6.30 p. in.
Two young men have been brought in by my pickets, who say they left
Martinsburg last Thursday, and passed through Winchester; that all
the rebel army was at Martinsburg, except Jackson, Lon gstreet, and
Hill, who were at Winchester; that at Winchester they saw 2,500 men
with small-pox, who were to be sent to Staunton; Stuarts two bri-
gades of cavalry were at Berryville, between Winchester and Charles-
town; that yesterday morning Walkers brigade was at Upperville;
that this brigade had been picked from the whole rebel army. At
Snickersvil]e they saw one company of Second Virginia Cavalry and
one piece of artillery. Shall send them, with o tlaer prisoners, to head-
quarters, to be examined..
My scouts captured a rebel signal-sergeant this afternoon, hear the
mountain.
A Union man told me to-day that Longstreet was at Upperville, and
occupied Paris, Bloomfield, and Middleburg.
My people are not yet in from Aldie. A 1)art of Stoneinans force is
at Lcesbnrg.
Very resl)cctcully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, & c.
General H. 13. MARCY.
PURCELLVILLE, October 28, 18629 p. m.
Mv scouts are back from Aldie and Middlebur~. No rebel troops at
either place; about 100 paroled wounded and sick. A rebel doctor, in
charge at Aldie, showed the officer an order of General Lees, dated at
Winchester, October 27, directing him to remove the sick and wounded
from Aldie and Middleburg to Winchester, and to impress wagons for
their transportation. This my officer prohibited, and some of Sigels
cavalry coming up, he left them on picket there to l)revent it.
Walkers brigade is between Upperville and Middleburg. The Geor-
ja battalion of cavalry, some 800 strong, is at Union.
At Snickersville Gap there are two guns and a brigade of infantry in
the mountains.
The roads are fine, and the country rolling and open about here.
In my dispatch of 6.30 p. in. I should have said Longstreet, Hill, amid
Jackson were at Bunker Hill, instead of Winchester.
The cavalry driven out of llillsborough yesterday was Whites In-
dependent Cavalry.
The rebel troops in this valley are evidently on foraging expeditious.
The people generally are strong secesh.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEA SONTON,
Brigadier- General, & c.
General MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, October 28, 18629.30 l~- m.
Numbers of the SecessionistS in this country are trying to send off
their horses to the rebel cavalry. alm(1, to l)1exrcIIt this, I have beei~
obliged to take the horses Pr the (loveiuiiueiit sevy jce
Page 108
108 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., \V. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXI.
Please inform me if the general desires other action in these cases. It
is the only efficient check I have at this tune.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, ~c.
General R. B. MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, October 29, 18629 a. in.
My pickets report the rebels were making signals throughout the night
from the mountain, near Snickersville Gap.
Yesterday, below Aldie, the women on Fairfiux place threw stones at
my command, and waved a secesh flag. This was a littl~ too much, so
the officer made them give up the flag, much to their disgust.
This side of Union a rebel foraging party of one regiment of infantry
and one of cavalry was turned back, making up this way.
I hear this morning there is another brigade with Walkers, near
Upperville.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
General MARCY.
P. S.An officer from picket has just come in to report that a Union
Quaker, who escaped yesterday from the rebels, told hima lie saw Long-
street at Upperville (lay before yesterday; that he had 18,000 men, and
that his soldiers said they were going to Manassas.
PURCELLYILLE, October 29, 18621 p. in.
A negro boy has just con~e in, who has run away, his master being
about to send him off to the rebel army. This boy was at Winchester
last Thursday. Says the soldiers talked about filling back toward the
Itappahannock. Heard his young master say there would be a move of
the rebel army soon. The soldiers had a hard time at Winchester; did
not get anything to eat sometimes for several days; getting tired of the
war. Soldiers said that General Lee would not exchange any more
Loudoun County soldiers, they were so worthless. Shall send him to
headquarters. My pickets captured a spy this morning, who, if guilty,
ought to be shot, for this is the only way to make these people behave
themselves.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, ct~c.
General R. B. MARCY.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Pareellville, October 29, 18622.15 p. in.
My pickets, on the Catoctin Mountain, saw the rebel camp-fires at
Middleburg last night. They were about 1 mile long. A Quaker
(Union) told them this morning there was about 12,000 infantry and
cavalry at Middleburg. The fires were put out in a short time.
A negro who came through Snickersville Gap on Monday, when my
advance was driven back, says it was well we did not try to go on, as
they had cannon all the way up the gap, and were bringing more, under
the impression our army intended to cross at that point. The forc
Page 109
CHAP. ~XXT.1 OP~ATIONS IN LOtJDOUN COtJNPY, UC. 109
there, he says, was infantry. It looks as if the force at Middleburg
was making its way to Aldie, to go to Manassas. I shall send in that
quarter to-morrow, and will find out. My force to-day is too occupied
to permit it.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTOK,
Brigadier- General.
General H. B. MARCY.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Purceliville, October 29, 18628.15 p. m.
A citizen of Maryland, from Winchester to-day, has just been brought
in by my pickets, who states that lie escaped from prison this morn-
ing, as they were releasing some Federal prisoners, and crossed the Shen-
andoah below Snickers Gap. He reports the rebel army moving from
Winchester to Staunton; that there are only 200 infantry and three
regiments of cavalry now in Winchester, doing provost duty over pris-
oneis. The rebel army, he says, is in wretched condition; that pro-
visions are very high, and bread and beef are the only issues.
I think this man is a deserter from Stuarts cavalry, who probably
joimied him in his late raid and is tired of his bargain.
A Union gentleman from Waterford told me to-day that he was in
Winchester some ten days ago, and that he saw a provost guard called
to arrest a suspected person, and that out of the 10 men of the guard 6
were barefooted, and that this was the average condition of their army.
lie thought the soldiers looked dispirited.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
General H. B. MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, October 30, 18624 a. m.
GENERAL: Have just received a dispatch from General Bayard, near
Aldie, who says that Colonel Wyndham drove the enemys pickets out
of Upperville to-day. No infantry there; it is reported to have gone
to Snickersville. Bayard states that to-morrow he marches through
Hopewell Pass on Middleburg.
if Longstreet was at Middteburg last night, and has not returned to
the Blue Ridge, Bayard will meet him at Middleburg, unless Long-
street has made for Thoroughfare Gap, on his way to Manassas. I have
mentioned this to Bayard.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
General II. B. MARCY.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Purceilville, October 30, 18624.45 p. m.
GENERAL: Your dispatch of 10 a. m. is received.* Not knowing the
exact whereabouts of General Bayard at this time, I have sent an aide-
de-camp with the contents of your dispatch to the general, requesting
to know where I shall meet him; and, to save time, have given him my
*Not found
Page 110
110 ()~PERATLON8 iN N. VA., W. VA., MI)., ANT) PA. fCrrAr. xxxt.
vies in advaiice, viz It would ~e iiiisafP to leave Sit ickers Gaj) occu-
pied by the enemy, to proceed south. Whatever lie may (ICCide upon
1 shall use my best efThrts to render successful.
I would, however, be doing myself an injustice, general, iii not ex-
pressing to you my mortification at receiving your instructions placing
me under the orders of an officer so much lily junior in the army and
in the service, and who does not belong to the Army of the Potomac.
While in that army I am the senior officer, serving with the cavalry.
My personal relations with General Bayard are most friendly, and I
shall not mortify him by exposing my own.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Brigad6.
General 11. B. MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, October 31,18627.30 a. m.
Your dispatch of 8p.m. received.* I sent you word by signal last night
that my aide found General Bayard 20 miles from here, beyond Aldie;
that General Bayard concurred in my views, viz, that it would not be
safe to move on and leave Snickersville in the enemys possession; that
he had appointed an interview for 9 oclock this morning at Philomont,
to plan an attack on Snickersville. This was rendered unnecessary by
your dispatch of 10.45 p. m.,~ desiring no attack to be made until more
troops are on this side of the Potomac.
This last request I have sent to General Bayard, for his information.
I have given him all the knowledge I possess concerning the enemy.
He sent me word that the rebels (lay before yesterday had sent 1,000
cavalry from Warrenton to Ashbys Gap, but that they went off from
there yesterday.
As soon as any infantry comes up, I shall send toward Ashby, and see
what force they have there.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
General B. B. MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, October 31, 186212 m.
GENERAL: My aide has just retllrne(1 from I~hilomont, where he saw
General Bayard, who informed him he was about to move his head-
quarters back from Aldie 12 miles, to a place called Shylock, on the same
pike; his advance pickets will be at Aldie; Stonemans, from Leesburg,
will be where the Aldie and Snickersville pike crosses Goose Creek;
mine will be at I~hilomont. This covers the entire line across to the
Catoctin range. General Bayard sent over the Itichinond I)ispatch of
the 25th of October. I have sent itto you by Captain Custer. General
Bayard wishes to have the paper returned when you have finished wifli
it. Shall keep in communication with Bayard, that our movements may
conform to each other.
There are two roads up the Blue Ridge to the right and left of Snick-
ers Gap, about 5 miles front the gap omi either side. They will require
some work for artillery. For 2~ miles on the top of the mountain north
of the gap there is a good road. The roads on the west side are much
* Not found
Page 111
CirAr. xxxr.j OPERAfIONS IN LOUI)OUN COUNTY, ETC. ill
better than on this, and heavy loads can he (Irawn over theni. This
makes me incline to the opinion that the enemy will make a stand at
this point.
I have two strong parties out reconnoitering to-day, aud shall report
their return.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTOT,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Brigade.
General MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, October 31, 18624 p. in.
GENERAL: One of my squadrons has returned, and reports having
driven in the enemys pickets on the Snickersville and Aldie pike, cap-
turing two carbines and two sabers; the rebels dropped them in their
haste; they took to the mountains. Several Union men told the party
that Stuart, with his cavalry and four pieces of artillery, crossed last
night into this valley and took the road to Union. He left twelve pieces
of artillery in the gap. Some of Stuarts men said they were going
round toward Leesburg.
The party report the Snickers Gap, from what they saw of it, as a
much rougher one than the South Mountain. They also report a force
on the mountain watching the gap road, some 5 miles south of Snick-
ersville.
Bayards scouts ought to hear something of Stuart to-day.
The Quakers still report a rebel force on the other side of the mount-
ain, opposite Snickersville.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General, Commanding.
General IR. B. MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, October 31, 18628.30 p. in.
GENERAL: My scouts are just in from the mountain north of Snick-
ersville. They succeeded in reaching the top, and had a view of the
Shenandoah River. Large camps were on this side of the river, on
the Snickers Gap road. The signal station has been taken away from
the mountain. They hhard the rumble of artillery in the gap.
From several sources I hear there is about 6,000 men in the gap. All
accounts agree that infantry is necessary to take possession of this gap.
The road up the mountain north of the gap will require work.
I am, general, very respectfully,
A. PLEA SONTON,
Brigadier- General.
General R. B. MARCY.
P. S.i have advanced my pickets to-day within I~ miles of Snick-
ersville.
[PURCELLYILLE, October 31, 1862.]
(Sent 10 P. in.)
GENERAL: I sent you a dispatch stating Stuarts cavalry had com-
pelled my aide-dc-camp to General Bayard to return to Philomont. The
officer has arrived in camp, and states Stuart took the road to Aldie
Page 112
112 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CIAP. XXXL
and that there was a heavy and rapid cannonading at Aldie for some
time this p. m. These must have been Bayards gnus, as no guns were
seen with Stnart. Bayard has a force of 5,000 cavalry and four guns.
With this force he should be able to handle Stuart roughly. Stuart
left a picket behiud him on the turnpike, which will probably leave
to-night.
I was not able to communicate the generals instructions to Bayard
in consequence of these events. Please answer this message as soon
as you receive it at Berlin.
A. PLEASONTON,
J3rigadier.General.
General R. B. MARCY.
WHEATLAND, [November 1 [f], 186212.20 a. m.
(Sent at 4 a. in.)
GENERAL: Your dispatch of 10 p. m. received.* Enemy still in force
at Snickers Gap. They showed a strong force of cavalry at dusk. One
of my parties lost; a man, captured by them. There is a road on top of
the mountain that turns the gap. I reconnoitered it this evening, and
found it occupied by enemys infantry.
This is through signal station.
Brigadier- General.
General IR. B. MARCY.
PURCELLYILLE, November 1, 18628.15 a. m.
GENERAL: Your dispatches of 7 and 9 p. m. received.* I am just
starting for Philomont. Shall push my reconnaissance as [far] toward
Upperville as I can to-day. Have~ not heard from General Bayard.
Have sent an aide to him this morning, if he can get through. I send
you Colonel Greggs statement concerning the men he wants for Eighth
Pennsylvania Cavalry, according to your request.
Very respectfully, A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier.General.
General MARCY.
PIHLoMoNT, November 1, 186211.30 a. m.
GENERAL: My command has arrived at this point, and I am now send-
ing out scouts in different directions. About 100 of Stuarts rebel cav-
alry left this place hastily on our advance, and took the road to Middle.
burg. I am told there is a force of rebel cavalry and infantry at Upper-
x-ille. Have not heard yet from General Bayard. My force is so small
(not over 1,500 men) that I find myself obliged to work my men very
hard to do the duty required of them.
For want of horses, the dismounted men left behind have not come up,
and many of my old horses are becoming unfit for service, by disease
called rotten-hoof.
Yesterday Stuart captured a number of First Rhode Island Cavalry
* Not found
Page 113
CHAP. XXXII OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 113
(Stonemaiis) beyond this place; some say a squadron, but I doubt that
number. Could not that regiment be sent to me ~ They are only cov-
ering the ground I now go over, and are in my way.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General.
General MARCY.
P. S.My scouts have gone to Union and Bloomfield. This position
at Philomont is a very goo(l one.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Union, November 2, 18622 p. m.
GENERAL: Penningtons battery is getting out of ammunition. He
wants 300 Schenki percussion and 303) Schenki combination fuse, to be
obtained from Colonel Hays reserve artillery park. Please have this
forwarded at once.
Stuart has about 4,000 cavalry and five guns, so a Union man here tells
me. Averell has passed Philomont and is coming up.
Colonel Davis captured 3 prisoners this morning, and thinks he has
had 2 men badly wounded. I a~m pushing the enemy on the Upperville
road.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
General R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
One mile begond Union, November 2, 18623.30 p. in.
GENERAL: Please direct that Penningtons battery be furnished with
1,200 rounds of ammunition as soon as possible. He is nearly out.
Stuart brought up a fresh battery this afternoon, and we had consider-
al)le firing before he drew off. The caisson that exploded was full of
ammunition, and they were compelled to leave the hind pai-t of the cais-
son on the held. I have had 2 men killed and 2 wounded, and 4 01 5
horses knocked over. Union is deserted almost of its people. One old
fellow told us he was Union, but that if we administered the oath of
allegiance to him it must be done very quietly. He said Stuart had
4,000 cavalry, but I think he saw double. We have takeu at least 10
of Stuarts wounded he has left behind.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
General IR. B. MARCY.
P. S.I shall camp near here to await Penningtons ammunition.
Please hurry it up. I expect Averell to join me soon.
[UNION, VA.], November 2, 18628 p. m.
A citizen of Sandy Hook has just informed me that Longstreets corps
passe(l here ou Thursday last, and that lie (himself) was at Front Royal
8 U UVOL XIX, PT I
Page 114
114 OPERATIONS TN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. r~HAF. XXXT.
yesterday, and saw hiPs corps there (did not know which Hill), and
that this corps was to pass Chester Gap to-day, but (lid not come
through; that he had heard they had gone to Snioketown. He says
there are some infantry and four guns in the gap. Did not know of any
more troops in this vicinity. I shall look out for them to-morrow.
A. PLEASONTON,
[General R. B. MARCY, [Br4iadier-Genera 1.]
Chief of Staff]
NOVEMBER 2, 186211.45 p. in.
GENERAL: Your dispatch of to-day received. I send my aide for
orders to-morrow. I hope you have received all my dispatches of to-
day. In addition, I have to report that I sent seven companies of the
Eighth Pennsylvania to Bloomfield to-day, and captured three rebel
cavalry horses, carbines, pistols, and sabers complete, and recaptured
Major ONeill, of General Meaghers staff, before lie had been paroled.
Everything quiet in front to-night. There were no rebels left in tile
vicinity of Bloomfield, and my pickets extend in that direction.
We are 3 miles from Upperville at my present position, and several
reports agree in placing Rift (D. II.) in command there in force.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTOX,
Brigadier- General Comma
Brig. Gen. R. B. MARCY. ndin~.
THREE MILES FROM UPPERVILLE,
November 8, 186210 a. in.
DEAR GENERAL: Please forward re-enforcements to this point as
soon as you can. I hear the rebels intend passing through Ashbys Gap.
HiJi (D. II.) is now at Upperville, and was on the held here yesterday;
he sent for re-enforcements, but they arrived too late.
This position it is very desirable for us to hold, and my force is not
able to do it, in the face of ait attack from a stroiig force.
Very truly, yours,
A. PLEASONTON.
General WILLcoX,
6ommanding 6orps, Ph ilomont.
UPPERVILLE, [VA.], Not-ember 8, 18629 p. In.
GENERAL: General Averell reports his arrival at Piedmont at 6.30
p. in., and says no enemy nor anybody else there. A cavalry force passed
through an hour and a half ahead of him. The enemys abandoned canip-
fires could be seen for 2 or 3 miles back. He is sending in some l)ris-
oners, and reports the railroad in good order as far as he could see.
I have directed General Averehl to send a scout toward Manassas Gap
in the morning, and shall support him with my comlnan(l as soon as pos-
sible, unless otherwise ordered by you.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- Geiei-al.
General Miucv
Page 115
CIrA~. XXXI.J C)PERAP1ON~ iS! tOITPOUN (OUNTY, ETC. lit)
UPPER VILLE, \A. , \orcmhcr 4 18626.45 a. in.
(~i~Na!AI~ : Eight prisoners have arrived from Piedznoiit. One is an
officer, first lieutenant of Fifth Virgiiia ( Xivalry. The mcii l)elong to
the First, Fourth, and Fifth Virginia Cavalry, which sho~vs one of
Stuarts brigades went that way. Unless otherwise ordered, I shall
move to that point this morning, and push a recoiinav~sance to Manas-
sas Gap; at the same time try and connect with Sigels l)eol)le toward
Thoroughfare Gal). As Couch covers Aslibys Gal) this morning, by
my going farther down there is more chance of preventing their escape
on this~side, under the mountain, where I am told there is a, but
rough.
Please order some Sharps carbine ammunition for my command un-
mediately; say 100,000 rounds. There is none on hand at Harpers
Ferry, so I am told, and we have skirmished so much my men are nearly
out.
Where shall I draw my next provisions ~ I only want to know iii
time.
Doubledays brigade of infantry, under Lieutenant-Colonel iofmann,
(lid good service yesterday as skirmishers. Lieutenant Edgell, com-
inanding battery New Hampshire Volunteers, with the brigade, also did
some good liring.
This brigade is or(lered to rel)ort to I)oubleday, this morning, by me.
A. PJ~EASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
Brigadier-General MARCY.
PIEDMONT, November 4, 18621.45 p. mu.
GENERAL: have arrived at this poii~t, and shall send a force forward
immediately toward Chester Gap, and have directed Averell to push one
from Markham. This is a fine position, and if I had some signal people
could oversee much of the country from a high point quite near.
Averehl has been firing some on the cavalry retreating.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General Commanding Brigade.
General MCCLELLAN.
PIEiDMONT, November 4, 18623.45 l~ m.
GENERAL: General Averell has sent for assistance at Markham, and
reports having had a hard fight with Stuart. 1 am mo~ing forward to
re-enforce him. It would be well to send forward some infantry here
to-night. Walkers corps left here last Thursday, so says one of his
men, and passed through this gap. Jhckson is covering the enemy as
mear guard.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
General MCCLELLAN.
PIEDMONT, November 4, [1862j4.45 p. ma.
GENERAL: I have sent Colonel Gregg and the Sixth Cavalry to re-
enforce Averell, at Markham. On looking at the road from here to Mark-
ham, I find it would not do to move my whole command to that point,
the country being very hilly, and no places to turn round in case of re-
treat. I have, therefore, directed Averell not to attempt to push farther
Page 116
116 OPE~AT1ONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., ~ PA. [CHAP. XXXT.
and, if too hard pressed, to full back upon me. Averell mistook my
orders this morning, which did not contemplate his whole force going to
Markham, but only a scouting party, as it is more important to us just
now to gaiu information than gain glory by thrashing Stuart. I have
found a good guide, and have sent two squadrons, by Barbees, to Sandy
Hook, on the Chester Gap and Flint Hill road. To Culpeper, by the road
they take, it is only 11 miles from here. Averell sends me word lie had
two guns aiid 300 prisoners of Stuarts at one time, and then lost them.
I expect lie has had a hard fight, and as they can so easily throw in-
firn try upon him through the gap, and the country is bad, I have advised
him to be very careful. I begin to think Stuart is takiiig these gaps to
lead us oft the scent.
A. PLEASONTOX,
Brigadier- General.
General MCCLELLAN.
P. S.It would be well to push some infantry here, that I may go on
toward Sandy Hook road with my whole force. Please hurry up Sharps
carbine ammunition ; Averell is calling for it.
PIEDMONT, November 4, 18025.45 p. m.
GENERAL: Colonel Colburns dispatch from Ashbys Gap received. I
send a staff officer for orders, as directed.
Averells comniand is. I fear, a good deal crippled, from his report.
Tie does not give me his killed and wounded, but tells me one of his
squadrons was overwhelmed by superior numbers. I have now two
squadrons on the road to Chester Gal), and shall soon hear from them.
From what Averell says, I am satisfied no one but Stuart has beeii in
Manassas Gap. Averell talks of pursuing him, but I shall halt him
until your orders are received, aiI(l strengtheii me at Chester Gap.
From what I hear, general, I would advise to push the infhntry for-
ward as fast as l)ossible, as the enemy have a good start.
I am, general, very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
General MCCLELLAN. Brigadier. General.
PIEDMONT, November 5, [1802]0.15 a. m.
COLONEL: Your dispatch of last night is received. A prisoner, cap-
tured at Liimden, says he beloimgs to the Tenth Virginia, of Hamptons
l)rigade; that his brigade came to-day from the other side of Paris. his
regiment having the advance, amid crossing the mountains, caine dowmi
to Linden about dark. Timirty of his regiment were ordered (lowil to
the front, the remainder going to Linden Station, a bout 14 miles from
Linden. The remainder of the brigade went in the direction of the
Manassas Gap. He reports infantry on the railroad between Markham
and the gap. This shows Hamptons brigade took the road under the
mountain from Paris. It would be well for Couch to send a division
(lown that road to-day to occupy Linden, as that would prevent any
flank movement through the gap, and from this place there is no road
that turns off from here to Linden. A citizen from Culpeper states
that he saw Longstreet at that place with his command, and that lie
h)assed through Chester Gal). This was some days ago. Colonel Gregg
thinks the two guns abandoned by Stuart may be near Bloomfield, a
Page 117
ChAP. XXXI.] OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 117
his men ran the rebels out of that so fast they left everything behind,
even ~25O Co:ifederate money, which, of course, they would hardly leave
behin(l except under a very high pressure.
Buruside had best occupy Markham early to-day, or the rebels can
get behind me in going to Chester Gap, and I wilt not be able to get
o itt.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadicr- General.
Cot. A. V. COLBURN.
P. S.Nothing yet from Averell of his losses.
CAMP NEAU SANDY HOOK, [VA.],
November 5, [1862]G.20 p. lii.
COLONEL: I have been informed by several sources that the officers
of the cavalry which engaged me to-day made many inquiries for the
shortest and best route to Warrenton. Although they made for Chester
Gap, I feet sure they are going to Warrenton. From all my explora-
tions in this vicinity, I believe the enemy have 1)assed the greater l)al-t
of their force beyond this point some time since, and they may attempt
to strike Sigel a blow near Warrenton. For me to follow up this ridge
will take a good deal of time, and no infantry commands~ can fillow on
the roads with their trains, the roads are so bad. I should like the
generals l)ermission to strike in the directiomi of Warrenton or Culpeper,
between which points I think I may find some of the enemy.
My command marched 12 miles to-day, and was fighting for six hours;
l)retty good days work. 1 cannot say too munch of my men and officers.
Hurry up the carbine am munition.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
Col. GEORGE D. IIUGGLES.
CAMP NEAR SANDY HOOK, [VA.],
November 5, [1862]0.3t) p. m.
COLONEL: Your dispatch of 3.50 p. in. received. Averehl has been
holdimmg on to the Manassas with a section of artillery and three squad-
rons. The rest of his command is with me. A scout has just meturned
front Chester Gap and reports nothing there. In tIme houses ahead of
us are a number of wounded from todays fight, amotig them 1 captain,
Thirteenth Virginia Cavalry, mortally wounde(l. Five more woun(led
rebels have turned up in our lines, amid several dead rebels were found
by the scouting party on the road to the gap. If the general wishes
me to keep on from here toward Flint Hill and Ciilpeper, Bayard ought
to go toward Warrenton. Should he and 1 both strike that way we
might make a good thing. Stuart an(1 iIaml)tOml last itight slel)t in
the moom fm-out which I ant now writing.
I send this by an aide, as directed.
Vvry respectfully,
A. I~LEASONTGN,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
Col. A. V. COLBURN.
P. 5.I sent to headquarters two dispatches, 4.15, 6.20 p. mu., contain-
ing all the news
Page 118
118 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA,, MD., AND PA reflAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
ON THE ROAD NEAR CHESTER GAP,
Norember 6, [1862]11.15 a. in.
COLONEL: The enemy have their guns l)lante(l iu this gap, and a dis-
charged mau tells me that Jackson is there, with his force, to defend it.
I think likely, and I am trying to get some roundabout road to my des-
tination. We have found 36 dead rebels from yesterdays fight. Stuart
told his men he intended to bag us, as he had his whole force. On the
retreat they said we had too many infantry for them. The rebels made
three different charges, and were repulsed in all.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General.
Col. A. V. COLBURN,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
Amissville, November 8, 18626.30 a. m.
GENERAL: Your dispatch of 10.15 p. m. is received. It would be well
frr you to push a brigade of infantry to this point, to hold for the l)res-
cut, with orders to assist me, if I should need it. I shall move at S a.
In. toward Thorntons Gap, to cut off all the rebels I can. My positioii
to-night will be at Newbys Cross-Roads. Until the bridge is rebuilt
at Waterloo, the troops coming this way must cross at Gaskins Mill.
Please communicate this to General Burnside, and oblige
Yours,
PLEASONTON -
General 0. B. WILLOoX,
Commanding Ninth Army Corps.
P. S.Please let me know where your headquarters will be, and I
will send you the news; also where general headquarters are.
CULPEPER AND CHESTER GAP ROAD,
November 8, 186211.30 a. m.
GENERAL: I have found another gun abandoned by Stuarts cavalry.
The carriage they burnt up, but the caisson is all right. This makes
the third gun taken this morning. The caisson is full of 6-pounder am-
munition, and the gun is a 12-pounder iron. I hear that Stuarts coin-
mand is about played out. I captured an infantrynian this morning,
belonging to Seventh [Fifth] Texas Regiment. He says they intend to
fight at Culpeper.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASO~TON,
General BURNSIDE. Brigadier- General.
NEWBYS CROSS-HoAns, November 8, 18624 p. m.
GENERAL: Have reached this point, and find that the rebels have
been making use of this road to pass to Culpeper. I drove some
~Not found
Page 119
ChAP. XXII.] OPEEATION~ IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 119
cavalry off of it, and one of my squadrons of the Fifth Cavalry (AvereiN
brigade), in charging them, had Lieutenant Ash badly wounded, with
several of his men. I have re-enforced the party by a couple of regi-
ments, under Colonel Farnsworth. Not finding a good country or camp
in this vicinity, I shall return to the neighborhood of Amissville, and
expect to receive further orders from General Burnside, to whom please
send this dispatch. Hills and Jacksons corps are still on the other side
)f the mountains. If the general desires their communication with
Culpeper to be cut off, it ~vill require a force of infantry to dG it, to
hold this place and Woodville.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTOX,
Brigadier-General, Commanding.
General 0. 13. WILLCOX,
(Yo~nmanding Ninth Army Corps.
P. S.Wc have captured a number of prisoners.
AT CORBINS, ONE MiLE BEYOND AMISSVILLE,
November 8, 18626.30 p. m.
GENERAL: in the skirmish to-day in front of Little Washington the
Fifth Cavalry had 1 officer and 6 men wounded, and took 6 wounded
rebels prisoners. Afterward the rebels were drivemi from the town, and
they retreated to Sperryville. A squadron of the Sixth Cavalry cap-
tured a rebel wagon and some dozen horses from their cavalry, besides
1 officer and 1 man prisoners from Fifth Virginia Cavalry. On the road
to Newbys Cross-Roads we paroled, or took prisoners, I should say, 1
cavalryman and 1 infantry, of Hoods brigade (Texas). I suppose we
have taken 15 or 20 l)risoIlers. I hear the bridge across the stream
between this and Culpeper has been destroyed. I marched 15. miles
to-day, and accomplished all the general required. The enemy are not
nOW passing down by any roads between this and Thorntons Gap to
Culpeper. Two of their corps are still on the other side of the Blue
Ridge. Please send this to General Burnside, and ask him for me if he
has any further instructions.
Yours,
A. PLEASONTON.
General 0. 13. WILLcoX.
CORBINS CRoss-ROADs ONE MiLE BEYOND AMIS5Y1LLE,
November 9, 186210 a. m.
GENERAL: Your dispatch of 11 p. m.* is received, and its instructions
attended to.
My dispositions are as follows: One squadron at Barbees Cross-
Roads; one squadron at Gaines Cross-Roads, which is at the crossing
of the Amissville and Little Washington pike with the Chester Gap and
Culpeper pike; one squadron at Newbys Cross-Roads; one squadron
on the road leading from this place to Culpeper, which, with the three
regiments of infantry at Jefferson, will cover this front.
Last night one of my squadrons (Eighth New York) pushed as far as
Flint Hill, paroled a number of wounded rCl)e15, and recaptured two of
Not found
Page 120
120 OPERATiONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
my men, taken, wounded, at Barbees the oilier day. Saw no enemy in
that vicinity. General Hampton sent for my men, and questioned them
very closely, but obtained nothing from them. One of them, a very in-
telligent man, says General Hampton and his officers appeared very
much puzzled to know where our forces were, and asked him where
Generals McClellan and Bnrnside were. Some of the officers thought
they were back, but General Hampton thought they must be in the val-
ley. He heard General Hampton give an order to stop some infantry
that was going through Chester Gap, on the mountains.
Yesterday a man from one of the Texas regiments at Culpeper came
in and gave himself np. He had shot a man, and the rebels were about
to hang him. He left Culpeper three days ago. The rebels passed
througli Chester Gap to Culpeper, and Jackson was to cross the mount.
ains 25 miles below that point. Thinks D. H. Hill, as well as Long-
street, is at Culpeper. There were large quantities of corn at Culpeper;
saw about 500 barrels iu one pile. General Lee was at Culpeper three
days ago. There was a camp rumor at Culpeper that Lee was toling
us down the valley, and that Jackson was to l)ush through the mount-
ains below, and take in flank, and use us up. A squadron of the Sixth
Cavalry pushed toward Culpeper from here last night, 3 miles inside of
the enemys lines, and captured a captain of the Fourth Virginia Regi-
ment of Cavalry and a picket of 5 soldiers; also a four-horse wagon and
team, out for forage. This was 10 miles from Culpeper.
The rebels acknowledge themselves badly whipped at Barbees, and
would not believe it when we told them we had 110 infantry.
The Fifth Cavalry (Averells brigade) lost, in wounded, yesterday 3
non-commissioned officers and 5 privates, and First Lieut. J. P. Ash,
seriously wounded. Lieutenant Ash showed great daring, but the
results of his charge did not compensate for his loss.
I forgot to mention my command captured a number of beef cattle
from the enemy yesterday, and had fresh beef last night as far as it
went. I send this by Lieutenant Tucker, the officer going to Gaines-
ville for suI)plies. Present my kind thanks to the major-general com-
manding for his congratulations to my command.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. PLEASONTON
Brigadier- General, Commanding Division.
Major-General PARKE,
Chief of Staff.
CORBINs CROSS-ROADS,
November 9, 186211.30 a. m.
GENERAL: As some indication of the forces at Culpeper, I will men-
tion I have prisoners from the following rebel regiments, viz: Fourth
Virginia Cavalry, Eighth Virginia Cavalry [Infantry], First Georgia
Cavalry [Phillips Legiomi], Twenty-eighth Virginia Infantry, Eighteenth
Virginia Infantry, Eighth Louisiana Infantry, Fifth Texas Infantry.
General George E. Pickett has three brigades 2 miles this side of Cul-
peper; Hewitts [Ewells] division is also there, and Cobbs Legion.
I have parties out, of which it will not do to mention, getting informa-
tion. I have also three squadrons out, in detachments, on the same serv-
ice. I wish the general could send me two or three suits of ordinary
citizens clothing, about army size No. 4. I can use them to great ad-
vantage. Also some secret service money at times can be useful. This
should be gold, as our money is not acceptable, but suspicious
Page 121
CHAr. XXXI.] OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 121
My impressions at this time are that Hill (A. P.) is at Front Royal,
and Jackson behind Thorntons Gap; that Hill, if he gets a chance, will
break through Cliestcr Gap, pass Barbees, and push toward Salem arid
toward Gainesville; while Jackson will pass down to Culpeper, by
Woodville, when we move on that place.
At this time I think an infantry force of several brigades should hold
Barbees Cross-Roads. It is a most important point, covering Salem,
Markham, Piedmont, Warrenton, and Orleans. Cavalry cannot hold it
against infantry. Then, if the general will permit me to suggest, a bold
movement of two or three corps thrown rapidly on the road between
Thorntons Gap and Culpeper, by the way of Jefferson, Thoinpsonville,
and Newbys Cross-Roads, would cut Jackson off, and attack Culpeper
with great advantage, in connection with any other operations contein-
l)lated.
The enemy are, I think, somewhat disconcerted just 110W7 and rapid
movements may prove of more value than hard fighting hereafter.
An express has just come in from my squadrons on the road to Cul-
l)eper, reporting Stuart with some guns and a considerable force of
cavalry at that position. He had attacked them, and was driving them
back. This was 6 miles from here and 9 from Culpeper. I have sent
out i-c- enforcements to my squadrons.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTOK,
Major- General PARKE. Brigadier- General.
CORBINS CROSS- ROADS,
November 9, 18622.30 v. in.
GENERAL: An intelligent negro has just come in from Jacksons
army. He left it yesterday. He says Jackson is posted at Chester Gap,
with his troops on this and the other side of the mountain, and cannon
posted all through the gap. General Ewell is within [the gap]. The
balamice of the army is at Culpeper, covering the shipping off of the
l)roduce from this upper country.
There is two weeks supply at Culpeper yet to be hauled off, and a
large quantity in the valleys beyond yet to be hauled to Culpeper, and
the rebels are terribly frightened lest we push through and get their
stuff and cut them off. He says that these supplies are being sent to
Charlottesville, Petersburg, and Lynchburg, and that the rebels, if cut
off intend to make their last stand in the mountains about Lynchburg.
He says our army is from two to three weeks ahead of the time the
m-ebels expected us. He says Jackson is very much alarmed at our rapid
advance, and expects Lee to come back if we attack him.
Jackson has about 40,000 men with him. He further says, to cut off
their supplies, we must push a force to Woodville.
Jacksou thinks we will attack him in Chester Gal); that if we do not,
lie will come in our rear from there after we pass. This neglo kmiows
all this country; has been with Jackson from the start, as servant to
Surgeon Campbell. I shall keep him as a guide. He tells the same tale
about the soldiers being tired, unclad, and strictly guarded. He says
many would gladly be paroled if they could get the chance. This pro-
gramme agrees with the suggestions I submitted this morning. My ad-
vance yesterday created great alarm with the rebels, and they thought
their communication was going to be cut off immediately. L~st night
they pushed down l~00 wagons to Culpeper.
Page 122
122 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
I send this by a fast express. Please acknowledge its receipt, and
send inc some note paper and envelopes, for I am nearly out, and then
iiiy dispatches will stol), for want of a supply.
This is the most important information we have yet received, and 1
trust it is in time for the general to turn it to good account.
Very respecttully,
A. PLEASONTOIY,
Major-General PARKE. Brigadier- General.
CORBINS CROSS-ROADS,
November 9, 18621.45 p. in.
GENERAL: A young man who left Culpeper day before yesterday, at
12 in., has just come in. He is running away to avoi(I the conscription.
He says there is a large force at Culpeper; he thinks about 40,000 or
50,000 men, the most of theni encamped the other side of the town.
Heard Longstreet was there. Saw three battalions of artillery; thinks
there were some fifty pieces; but this was not all they had. Saw good
number of wagons. Soldiers miserably clad, and nothing but beef and
flour, without salt. Soldiers want to stop fighting, and said there would
be no battle this fall unless we brought it on. Army without tents. 1
shall send him to headquarters.
Another citizen has beeii brought in froiu Hazel River, 9 miles front
Culpeper. Says a negro told him he heard Stuarts cavalry had orders
to leave from there this morning.
Forage is becoming rather scarce in these parts.
Very respectfully, general, yours,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, Gommanding Division.
Major-General PARKE.
P. S.G-eneral Averell is sick and
gone to Warrenton. , , by the advice of his doctor, has
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY 1)IV1SLON,
Corbins Cross-Roads, November 10, 18629.30 a. in.
GENERAL: I find there are four roads betwecn this and Woodville
that pass dowii to Culpepet- from Chester Gap, each of which should be
strongly guarded, to J)revent the rebel trains passing dow-n.
Tke rebels are now uslito- Tlmorutous Gal) for their trains, Chester
Gap being guarded by Jackson. Jackson has no ti-ains with him, but
is supplied by the fin-mci-s iii l~age County. Ills traimins are hauling-
supplies to Culpeper. Jacksons plan, whemi we move to Cnhpeper, is
to strike for Warrenton Jn nctio it and Rappab an iiock Station. It we
attack him in the gap, lie will retreat up the valley towal-(l Staunton.
This is what he wants, to draw us off from Culpepem-. I-his am-my, it is
smd, is composed of the picked fighting men of the whole. TIme army
at Ciulpeper, I am told, is a. goo(l (heal (lemnorahize(1, an(l will not stan(l
much of a shock.
The imegro that caine in font Jackson yester(hay tells inc that it we
can get our army to Madison we shall cut oil trout the road to
Ja(ksOIi
Ilichmnond, from its eonneetion with Culpeper, alm(l would break up the
Culpeper army
Page 123
CHAP. X~I.] OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 123
I learn that Joe Johnston, and Shaiik~ [N. G.] E~-ans, and George
E. Pickett are at Culpeper. Stuart is in front of me, at Hazel River,
on the other side. There has been some Picket firing, but I shall not
disturb him until the general is ready to let slip the dogs ef war.
Jagkson has no cavalry except some few for scouts. Leave a strong
force to face Jackson, covering Warrenton and its junction with a corps
of observation at Barbees; push your forces down on Culpeper vigorA
ously, inclining to the right, to take in Woodville and Madison. Give
us ten days more good weather, and wind up the campaign in a blaze
ot glory.
Stuart told a lady that our rapid advance was due to desperation;
that we were forced to it, an(1 that ou reaching the iRappahannock we
would get the souii(lest thrashing we have ever had. Nous verrons.
Please let me know if you received my dispatch of 2.30 p. mu. yesterday.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
Major-General PARKE.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
Corbins Cross-Roads, November 10, 18621.15 1. 1~~.
GENERAL: The enemy advanced on me this morning, with infantry,
artillery, and cavalry. They drove my pickets some 3 miles. I think it
would l)e well to forward a division to Amissville, to support us. Gen-
eral Sturgis has most kindly given me every assistance, and has now
three regiments engaged. It is reported that Longstreet has sent out
a division or so to attack us.
Please keep our communication open with you, and notify General
Buruside. It is reported the enemy is evacuating Culpeper, and that
this attack is intended to deceive us. A division sent from Jefferson
toward Hazel River would have a good effect.
Very truly, yours,
A. PLEASONTOIN,
Brigadier- General.
General 0. B. WILLCOx.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Amis.wille, November 10, 1862.
GENERAL: The 6.pounder gun and caisson captured two days since is
now at Amissville, and I have no means of bringing it in. Cannot you
send out a wagon for the gnu and a team for the caisson ~
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier. General, Commanding Cavalry Division.
Major-C eneral PARKE.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVlSIoN,
Corbins Cross-Roads, November 10, 18625.20 p. mu.
GENERAL: After my dispatch of 2.20 p. in. the enemy made his ap-
licaramice Oii the road toNewbys Cross.Roads, drove in my 1)icket at: that
l)lace, amid advanced with his artillery on this position. I have just
repulsed him, and remain in my old position of last night. rrhe forage
here is used up, and I must move to-morrow after it. A few moment
Page 124
124 OPERATIONS iN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI
since I was informed the enemy had driven my pickets 1 mile from
Gaines Cross-Roads. I have sent a regiment to support them, an(I re-
gain the cross-roads.
It is evident the move to-day was to place themselves between us an(l
the roads leading from the gaps, through which their produce trains are
passing. Two regiments of infantry (rebel) were seeii to-day acting~with
Stuart. They probably had more.
I shall feel these roads to-morrow, leading toward Woodvihle, and
wish to know the generals instructions in reference to them.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASOKTON,
Brigadier- General Coin
Major-General PARKE. mandinti.
P. S.Captured 2 prisonersi infantry and 1 cavalryman.
CORBINS CROSS-ROADS,
November 11, 18625.30 p. m.
GENERAL: A dispatch just received from Barbees Cross-Roads in.
forms me that 600 rebel cavalry entered Sandy Hook yesterday; that
the Seventh Virginia Regiment is within 2 miles of Markham, and that
Jackson is expected to n~arch down the Grade road to-day. The Grade
road is the road to Culpeper, and the demonstration of yesterday was
evidently intended to cover some such movement, as well as to recoim-
noiter. Colonel Davis, of Eighth New York, at Newbys Cross-Roads,
reports he has scouted all the roads leading froni that point to-day, an(l
found no enemy, except at Hazel River, where he captured a sergeant,
of Longstreets body-guard, and 2 horses. Pick& s on the Culpeper
road report the rebels, with two regiments of cavalry and two pieces of
artillery, on the opposite bank of Hazel River. They have been recoli-
iioitering toward Jefferson to-day. My loss yester(lay was 2 men mor-
tally wounded and 2 severely.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier. General, Commanding.
Major-General PARKE.
CORBINS CROSS-ROADS,
November 11, 18629.30 p. ni.
GENERAL: I send you inclosed a Lynchburg paper of yesterday,
which shows the rebels are using the railroad in that direction. It re-
marks on the large number of desertions of the rebel army.
A deserter from the Eighth Virginia Infantry caine in this morning;
left Culpeper Saturday. Says Lee has gone to Richmond. That he was
iml)ressed into service from Tennessee with 40 others all anxious to
quit the rebel service when they can get away. Captain Hutton has
communicated the generals views, and I twilL do everything to carry
them out.
Please order me 100,000 rounds of Sharr s carbine cartridges, with
caps, and have them sent to me as soon as possible. My cavalry, in this
country, act a great deal on foot, and must,~ave the ammunition.
Very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTOIN,
Brigadier- General.
Major-General PARKE
Page 125
CI~Ar. XXXI] OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN~COUNTY,~ ETC. i~5
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
(lamp near Warrenton, Va., November 17, 1862.
GENERAL: I have the honor to submit the following report of the oper-
ations of this command from the crossing of the Potomac at Berlin to
the arrival of the Army of the Potomac in the vicinity of Warrenton,
Va., an(l the relinquishment of the command of the army by Major-
General i~IcClel1an:
On the morning of October 26, I crossed the Potomac at Berliii, with
the Secon(l Cavalry Brigade an(l Peiiningtons horse battery, and took
up a position in front of Purcellville, on the 27th, having ocenpied Hills-
boron oh with two squadrons of the Sixth Cavalry. After some skir-
mnishing with the rebels, and having driven them out of Purceliville,
they were followed up by Colonel Davis, with the Eighth New York
Cavalry, as far as Snickers Gap, at which point they opened with shell
and showed themselves in strong force.
From this time until November 1 the brigade was occupied in scout-
ing the country to Leesburg, Aldie, Middleburg, Philomont, and in
gaining information of the enemys movements.
On November 1, the command moved forward and occupied Philo
mont, several hundred of Stuarts cavalry leaving about the time we
entered. Colonel Gregg, with the Eighth Pennsylvania and Third In-
diana Cavalry, pursued this cavalry amid drove it very handsomely from
some woods it attempted to hold, but, the enemy bringing up his artil-
lery, no farther advance was made, except to silence the rebel gnus by
the fire of Penningtous battery.
The rebels left 5 dead on the field. Onr loss was 1 killed amid 1 officer
an(h 13 men wounded.
On November 2, my advance came up with the enemy at Union. They
had some infantry su~)l)orting their guns, and very soon some sharp
fighting began, which resulted in the blowing up of one of their caissons,
by which a number of their men were killed ,and their retreat for sev-
eral miles on the road to Upperville. [Sic.]
Lieutenant-Colonel Hofmann, with a small brigade of infantry an(l
a battery, reported to me for duty this morning from 1)oubledays
division.
The fighting did not cease until after dark, the rebels giving way at
every h)oint. Their loss must have been considerable. One of their
officers was left (lead on the field, amid 10 wounded fell into our hands,
besi(les a miumber of prisoners. My loss in my own brigade was 1 man
killed and 26 wounded. The infantry brigade lost 5 men killed and 31)
wounded.
Several companies of the Eighth Pemmusylvania Cavalry proceeded to
Bloomfield to-day and captured a number of rebel horses, arms, equip-
ments, & c., and released Major ONeill, of General Meaghers staff, be-
fore the rebels had paroled him; in fact, they ran away so quickly as to
leave several hundred dollars of their paper money behind.
On November 3, Brigadier-Geumeral Averell, having reported for duty
with the First Cavalry Brigade and Tidbahls battery, was given the
a(hvance, and the infantry brigade and Second Cavalry Brigade moved
to the heft. The infantry brigade and Second Cavalry Brigade soon
caine up with the enemy, amid drove them on the road to Upperville.
Averell soon joined, and the whole coummand moved forward and took
~iossession of Upperville, driving the enemy through the town tow-ard
Ashbys Gap, as well as toward Piedmont. Geuuerah Averell, with his
brigade, muoved after the colimmun toward Piedmont, and the Sceon
Page 126
126 OPE1~AT1ON~ IN N. VA., \V. VA., MI)., ANI) PA. V~nAE. xxxt.
Brigade followed to AshbyXs Gap. The inf~utiy brigade w~,s recalled t4)
11)yM
its proper divi~ioii this eveinhig. On reaching Asi C-up the enemy
opened a 10-pounder Parrott from the mountain side, ~iid sho WC(l 8011W
force, xv hich alterwar(l retreated through the gap. Averell occupied
Piedmont and took some 1)risoners.
On the 4th, Averell lllove(l toward Markham, ahI(l 80011 engage(l a
force there. The skirmishing was kept up during the day, and in the
afternoon, at his request, he was re-enforced by the Eighth I~ennsyl-
x-ania and Sixth Cavalry, under Colonel Gregg. The enemy fell back
from Markham through Manassas Gap, and also toward Barbees Cross-
Roads. As no detailed report has been received from General Averell,
I cannot state his losses during the time his brigade was with me.
On November 5, I moved, with the Second Brigade and Penning-
tons battery, through Markham, toward Barbees Cross-Roads, Averells
brigade remaining at Markham, to cover Manassas Gap, by the orders
of the major-general commanding. On approaching Barbees Cross-
Roads, the enemy opened with a-couple of guns from an eminence com-
manding the road, and displayed a large force of cavalry on the left of
the road, toward Chester Gap. J replied with a s~ctiou of Penningtons
battery, and immediately sent the Eighth Pennsylvania arid Sixtlr Cav-
alry, under Colonel Gregg, to our left, to occupy some woods to the front
amid turn their flank, a section, under Pennington, taking a positiomi to
the front and right of the road, supported by the Eighth New York
Cavalry, under Colonel Davis, while the Eighth Illinois amid Third In-
(liana Cavalry, under Colonel Farnsworth, moved up the road to the
front. Gregg, with great skill and activity, soon outflanked the rebel
lines and caused them to withdraw their guns. They attempted to
charge him, but did not succeed. Farnsworth moved rapidly up the
road, receiving several rounds of canister, but driving the enemy before
him, until he came to a barricade, beyond which the enemy covered
their retreat. By this time I had advanced two sections of artillery to
tile position held by the rebels, where they first opened and I soon dis-
covered that Colonel Davis
of the Eighth New York Cavalry, had a
much superior force to his own to contend with, and that they were
about to charge him, iu a column of squadrons. I ordered the Third
Iiidiana to re-enforce Davis, and opened a fire on the enemys squad-
rons. Before, how ever, much was effected, Davis saw his situation and
(hismounted one of his squadrons behind a stone wall, while lie gallantly
led the remainder of his regiment against the enemy, to meet their
charge. The result was very successful. The carbines of the (lismounted
squadron gave a galling flank and front fire while tile attack of the
Eighth New York routed the enemy and sent them flying iii all direc-
tions. Thirty-seven of the rebel dead were left on this field, and more
than that number of arms, horses, and prisoners were captured. This
l)art of their command retreated toward Chester Gap, and that from
Barbees Cross-Roads took the Warrenton road.
On this occasion the Second Brigade had contended with two rebel
brigades (Hamptons and Lees), the whole commanded by Stuart, and
had driven them in confusion from all their positions with a severe loss.
My own loss was 5 killed and 8 wounded.
On November 6, finding that the enemy was in force in Chester Gap
and beyond (Jacksons corps holding that position), and Averell having
joined me, I moved in the direction of Orleans, intending to proceed to
Springvihie and Little Washington by that route. I halted for the miiglmt
miear Waterloo, where my advance was fired upon I)y the enemy
Page 127
(HAP. NXXT.1 OPERAPIONS IN LOIT1)OUN COUNTY, ETC. 127
(hi November ~, moved, ~ut lithe Virsi and Secoin.l Brigades, to Amiss-
yule, dIl(l was opened nit l)y t lie rebels with artillery, on the Little Wash-
ingtoii roa(l, and also ou the Jefferson road. Drove the rebels out of
Jefferson, aLl(l capture(l two guns; also 3 officers aiid 10 men.
On November S, moved to Newbys Cross-Roads. A squa(lroli of the
Fifth Cavalry had a skirmish on the Little Washington road, and Lieu-
tenant Ash, of that regiment, was badly wounded. Colonel Farnsworth
then drove the rebels beyond Little Washington with the Eighth Illinois
and Third Indiana Cavalry. The Fifth Cavalry, besides Lieutenaiit Ash,
had 6 men wonnded and took 6 rebel prisoners. The Sixth Cavalry cap-
tured a rebel wagon and 12 horses from the rebel cavalry, besides takiiig
1 officer and 1 man prisoner.
On November 9, the division occupied a position at Corbins Cross-
Roads, 1 mile from Amissville, covering all the approaches from Cul-
l)eper, and also those from Chester Gap and Luray. A squadron of the
Eighth New York Cavalry last night pushed as far as Flint Hill, paroled
a number of wounded rebels, and retook 2 of my men captured, wounded,
at Barbees. A squadron of the Sixth Cavalry went inside of the en-
etnys lines last night, toward Culpeper, and captured a captain of the
Fourth Virginia Cavalry and 5 men on picket; also a four-horse wagon,
out for forage.
On November 10, the enemy from Culpeper attacked me in force with
a brigade of infantry, one of cavalry and artillery, and at Corbins Cross-
iloads drove in my pickets, and compelled me to concentrate my whole
force to resist him. Several prisoners taken say it was Longstreet, mak -
ing a reconnaissance to find out where our army lay. He did not suc-
ceed, as he was repulsed late in the afternoon with severe loss. Our loss
was 2 men mortally and 2 severely wounded. General Sturgis, who
was stationed at Ainissville, quickly sent several of the regiments of his
division to the right of the enemy to outflank them. This movement,
(loubtless, had great effect in inducing the enemy to withdraw. This
action closed the campaign of the cavalry in Loudoun and Fanquier
Counties, as orders were then received directing no farther advance to-
ward Culpeper, and informing the army that Major-General Burnside
lIa(l relieved Major-General McClellan from the command of it.
At this time, and from the 7th instant, my advance pickets were omi
Hazel River, within 6 miles of Culpeper, besides having my flank pickets
toward Chester and Thorntons Gaps extended to Gaines Cross-Roads
and Newbys Cross-Roads, with numerous patrols in the direction of
Woodville, Little Washington, and Springville. The information gained
by these parties, and also from deserters, prisoners, contrabands, as well
as citizens, established the fact of Longstreet, with his command, being
at Culpeper, while Jackson and D. H. Hill, with their respective com-
mands, were in the Sheiiandoah Valley, on the western side of the Blue
Ridge, covering Chester and Thorntons Gaps, and expecting us to
attempt to pass through and attack them.
As late as November 17, a contraband, just from Strasburg, came iIlt()
my camp and reported that D. II. lulls corps was 2 miles beyond that
l)lace, on the railroad to Mount Jackson. Hill was tearing up the road
and destroying the bridges, under the impression that we intended to
follow into that valley, and was en route for Staunton. Jacksons corps
was between Strasburg and Winchester, Ewell and A. P. Hill were
with Jackson. Provisions were scarce, and the rebels were obliged to
keep moving to obtain them.
hi closing this report, it is but justice to the troops I have had th
Page 128
t~8 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., Mt~., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
honor to command that I should mention the results of their laborious
exertions and chivalrous gallantry, constantly exhibited under many ad-
verse circumstances. From the time the army left Washington to the
end of the campaign at Warrenton, the cavalry of my command had
taken from the enemy 6 pieces of artillery, 4 stand of colors, and 1,000
l)risoners of war, without losing a single gun or color. These facts show
that the officers and men of our cavalry have the energy, the intelligence,
the courage, and enterprise to make them superior to any cavalry they
have to contend with, and yet no one is more painfully conscious than
myself that the opinion is entertained that our cavalry has been deficient
in its duty in the present rebellion. I will, therefore, meutioim a few facts
to show that, wherever there exists a foundation for such an opinion,
the fault does not rest with the cavalry. The rebels have always had
more cavalry in the field than we, and whenever we have fought them
their numbers were two to three to one of ours. Such a difference is al-
ways an encouragement to brave soldiers, for they never stop to inquire
their number; but such a difference tells fearfully upon the hard service
the horses have to perform. Good horses are broken down by it; inferior
ones are literally thrown away in such service. The rebel cavalry are
mounted on the best horses in the South, while our cavalry are fur-
nished a very inferior animal, bought by contract, and which is totally
unfit for efficient service. The best horses in my command are the
horses my men have captured from the rebel cavalry, in their different
engagements with them. As an instance, one of my companies has
22 rebel horses out of 53, and these horses are the best in the company.
Out of 18 horses furnished this same company by the quartermasters de-
l)artment at Knoxville, only 2 are left in the company, and these are very
inferior. Does not this show that the officers and men who thus wrest
the elements of success from the hands of the enemy are superior to the
circumstances surrounding them, and are not responsible for those
fiuilures which are used as illustrations against them ~
I respectfully submit to the favorable consideration of the major-gen-
eral commanding and the Government the following-named officers for
distinguished gallantry and good conduct throughout the campaign: Col.
J. F. Farnsworth, Eighth Illinois Cavalry; Col. D. MeM. Gregg, Eighth
Pennsylvania Cavalry; Col. B. F. Davis, Eighth New York Cavalry;
Major Chapman, Third Indiana Cavalry, and Capt. W. P. Sanders,
Sixth U. S. Cavalry. These officers each commanded regiments. Of
the Eighth Illinois Cavalry, Majors Beveridge and Medill, and Captains
hfynes and Forsyth; of the Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Maj. Peter
Keenan; of the Eighth New York Cavalry, Major Markell, Captains
1~ol)e, Barry, and Moore; of the Third Indiana Cavalry, Captaiii Lemn-
men; of the Sixth U. S. Cavalry, First Lient. James F. Wade and First
Lieutenant Spanglei, Second Lieuts. Albert Coats and Joseph Kerin;
of Peuningtons battery, First Lients. A. C. M. Pennington, jr., Robert
11. Chapin, and Frank B. Hamilton.
Of Brigadier-General Averells brigade, no reports have been received,
as it was soon after detached on o~iher service. As a brigade, its serv-
ices were always efficient and well rendered. One exception came
under my notice at Amissvihle, viz, the gallantry and efficiency of Cap-
tam Harrison, commanding Fifth Cavalry, against a superior force of
time enemy.
Of Tidballs battery, Captain Tidball, Second Artillery; Lients. Will-
iam N. Dennison and Robert Clarke.
My staff officers throughout the campaigmi serve(l with zeal, energy
Page 129
CIJAL. XXXI.J OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 129
and fidelity, viz, Capt. A. J. Cohen, assistant adjutant-general; First
Lieat. Isaac W. Ward, Sixth Cavalry; First Lient. C. Thompson, First
New York Cavalry, aide-de-camp, and First Lieutenant Van Patten,
Eighth Illinois Cavalry, division commissary of subsistence.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Division
Brig. Gen. It. B. MARCY,
Chief of StatJ Army of the Potomac.
No. 3.
Report of Col. Dacid MoM. Gregg, Eighth Pennsylvania ~Javalry, of
operations October 26November 22.
HDQRs. CAVALRY DIVISION, LEFT GRAND DIVISION,
January 2, 1863.
CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of the
operations of the Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry, and of other troops
under my command, from the 26th of October, when the Second Bri-
gade of Cavalry crossed the Potomac into Virginia, until the 22d of No-
vember, when it arrived at Falmouth:
At Parcellville, Va., the Eighth Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry was
employed with the other regiments in picketing, and from here several
reconnaissances were made by squadrons of the regiment toward Aldie
and Middleburg, which were successful. Upon the arrival of the bri-
gade at Philomont, one squadron was, by the direction of the brigadier-
general commanding, sent to reconnoiter the road leading to Union.
This squadron having met the enemys cavalry in considerable force,
engaged them, but were compelled to retire. By direction of Brigadier-
General Pleasonton, I at once proceeded, with the Third Regiment of
Indiana Cavalry and the Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry, to the support
of the squadron engaged; with dismounted skirmishers from both regi-
ments, the enemy were handsomely driven from a wood which they
occupied. This wood~ in our possession, was subjected to such a fire of
grape and canister from the enemy that I withdrew my skirmishers,
and sent to Brigadier-General Pleasonton for a piece of artillery, which
quickly arrived, and, from a disadvantageous position, opened a well-
directed fire of grape upon the enemy. The contest was then continued,
the enemy directing the fire of four pieces of artillery upon my com-
mand. The enemys mounted and dismounted men having retired be-
hind his artillery, I returned with my command to camp at Philomont.
Whilst I was engaged with the enemy, the firing from Penningtons bat-
tery, at Philomont, did good execution, drawing, in some degree, the fire
of the enemy from my command, and later entirely compelling the with-
drawal of their artillery. In this affair our loss was 2 men killed and 1
commissioned officer and 12 men wounded. The enemys loss was greater,
including 5 commissioned officers wounded. On the 3d, the brigade
being engaged with the enemy at Union, two squadrons of the Eighth
Pennsylvania Cavalry, under Lieutenant-Colonel Griffiths, er~tered the
town of Bloom field, drove out a strong picket of the enemy, captured 3
prisoners, and recaptured Major ONeill, a United States officer on Gen-
cr~J Meaghers staff, that morning captured by the enemy. The remain-
9 U U--VOL XIX. PT I
Page 130
130 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA, MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
ing squadrons were employed supporting sections of artillery, & c. At
the close of this day, having been ordered forward by General Pleas-
onton, the regiment charged the enemy under a raking fire of grape
from a battery in position near Carters house.
At the engagement at Upperville, the regiment, although present,
was not actually engaged, it on that day being in rear. After the 3d my
command consisted of the Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry and the Sixth
U. S. Regiment of Regular Cavalry, Capt. W. P. Sanders commanding
the latter. On the 4th, at Markham, I was detached with my command
and ordered forward by the general commanding to support Brigadier-
General Averell in his engagement with the enemy at Markham. Upon
my arrival there the enemy had fled, leaving General Averells brigade
in possession of the town. (in the following morning I rejoined the
brigade with my regiments, and on the column of march brought up the
rear. Upon this day the advance of the brigade attacked two brigades
of rebel cavalry, commanded by General J. E. B. Stuart. Stuarts forces
were in position at Barbees Cross-Roads. The attack having been made,
I received orders from Brigadier-General Pleasonton to move up my
command, and drive the enemy on the left. The regiments, moving up
at a gallop, were advanced to the front and to the extreme left of the
line. The appearance of the regiments on the left at once drew the fire
of all the enemys artillery upon them, and more particularly that of a
section posted upon a commanding hill surrounded by a dense wood.
This wood w~s held by the enemys dismounted cavalry in strong force.
My dispositions were quickly made, and three squadronstwo of the
Eighth Pennsylvania and one of the Sixth Regularsof men dismounted
and deployed as skirmishers and gallantly advanced, ascending a slope
of clear ground to attack the enemy iu the wood, and, if possible, cap-
ture the section. This section, at a distance of 800 yards, poured load
after load upon the line, but without checking it. The enemys skir-
mishers were forced to retire, and the left of my line was advanced rap-
idly to secure the wood in rear of the section. The right of the line,
close upon the section, compelled it to retire too soon, the left of the line
not having quite reached the wood. Cut off from their horses by the
dense wood, these squadrons still pressed on, and only desisted in the
pursuit when completely exhausted. Having reached a point in front of
the enemys batteries, and much advanced beyond the center and left of
our line, we saw to our right, and somewhat to the rear, a column of two
regiments charging the left of the line. This charge was handsomely re-
pulsed by the Eighth New York Cavalry. An attempt was made by a
regiment to charge my line of skirmishers, but a well-directed fire from
our carbines made it prudent for the enemy to change. his I)lans. After
this my command joined the remainder of the brigade in the l)ursuit of
the enemy, driven in confusion from all his positions and fairly beaten.
In this afihir I had 1 man, Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry, killed, and 2 or 3
wounded. My command took prisoners a commissioned officer, wounded,
of the Ninth Virginia [Cavalry], and 6 privates, 1 wounded. At Amiss-
ville the regiments were frequently engaged with Stuarts cavalry. A
reconnaissance in force made by the enemy at Amissville was first met
by the Eighth New York and Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry and a sec-
tion of Penningtons battery; these under my command. These regi-
ments of cavalry, deployed as skirmishers, handsomely resisted the ad-
vance of infantry and cavalry, and, when joined by. the other regiments
of the brigade, still ocenpied the front line, and successfully held their
position against the superior force of the enemy. After leaving Amiss-
ville, the Eighth Pennsylvania and Sixth Regular Cavalry were em
Page 131
9
Cnir. XXXI.] OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 131
ployed with the other regiments of the brigade in covering the march
of the army upon Falmoath. In closing this report of the operations
of my command, I would do justice to the officers and enlisted men of
it by mentioning that whenever engaged they displayed the greatest
gallantry and highest soldierly qualities.
The daily successes of the brigade, in its engagements with Stuarts
cavalry, inspired such feelings of enthusiastic soldierly confidence that
the enemy had only to be pointed out to be defeated.
Maj. P. Keenan, Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Captain Sanders,
commanding Sixth U. S. Cavalry, and Lieut. Frank A. Baker, acting
regimental adjutant Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry, rendered especial
good service.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
D. MCM. GREGG,
Colonel Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry.
Capt. A. J. COHEN,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Second Cavalry Brigade.
No. 4.
Report of Lieut. Col. J. William Biofmann, Fsfty-8ixth Pennsylvania
Infantry, of skirmishes at Union and Upperville.
HDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FIRST DIV., FIRST ARMY CORPS,
Camp at Upperville, Va., November 4, 1862.
CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report the operations of the brigade
under my command in the actions on the 2d and 3d instant.
In compliance with instructions from General Doubleday, I reported
with my command, consisting of the Fifty-sixth Regiment Pennsylvania
Volunteers, Major Smith commanding; Ninety-fifth Regiment New York
Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel Post commanding; Seventy-sixth Regi-
ment New York Volunteers, Major Livingston commanding; Seventh
Indiana Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel Cheek commanding, and the
First New Hampshire Battery, Lieutenant Edgell commanding, to Gen-
eral Pleasonton on the morning of the 2d instant. I found General
Pleasonton engaged with the enemy in front of the town of Philomont.
The enemy was throwing shell with considerable rapidity. We, how-
ever sustained no loss. General Pleasonton directed that two regiments
of my brigade should skirmish through the wood, on the left of the road
leading to the town of Union. The Fifty-sixth and Ninety-fifth Regi-
ments were detailed for this duty. . They were soon recalled, and I was
directed by General Pleasonton to take the brigade to the front, advance
through the town, and then hold it. The enemy had his cavalry posted
in the town at the time, and had his artillery in front of it. After ford-
ing the creek and ascending the hill in our front, the brigade was formed
in line of battle, and, with skirmishers thrown out, we advanced upon
the town. We had proceeded about 200 yards, when General Pleason-
ton sent for a regiment to support a battery on our left and rear. The
Seventy-sixth Regiment was detailed for this purpose. The line, now
consisting of 700 men, pressed on through the town, the enemy retiring,
on our approach, to a hill 1 mile beyond the town. After passing
through the towii, I sent the Ninety-fifth Regiment and two companies
of the Fifty-sixth to take possession of a strip of wood on the left of the
road, and about 300 yards to our front. Two companies of the Sevent
Page 132
132 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXL
Indiana iRegiment were then sent to picket the roads leading into the
town. I then sent a request to General Pleasonton to send forward a
battery of artillery. General Pleasonton soon arrived in p~rson, and
brought the artillery with him. He directed me to again move the bri-
gade to the front, leaving the Seventy-sixth Regiment to picket the
roads. As we advanced on the enemy they again opened on us with
shell, one of which struck the line of the Seventh Indiana, killing the
color.sergeant and 1 color-corporal, and wounding a number of others.
We then took possession of a wood beyond the church, on the left of
the road, and awaited the arrival of the artillery. The enemy in the
mean time continued throwing shell, causing a number of casualties.
After our artillery had thrown a few shots at the enemy they again
retired to a position three-fourths of a mile farther on, toward the turn-
pike leading to Upperville. We crossed the ravine in our front, and
again advanced in line of battle upon the enemy, who soon reopened on
us with shell. As we were crossing an open field, a shell struck the line
of the Fifty-sixth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, killing 2 men of
Company 0-, and mortally wounding 2 others.
I would be doing injustice to this regiment to omit mentioning the
prompt manner in which the gap, formed by the loss of the 4 men, was
closed; not a single man left the line until permission to do so had been
given.
The brigade was placed in the rear of a stone wall, and our artillery
soon replied to the enemy. The Ninety-fifth Regiment was ordered to
go to the left and front, to support a section of artillery. They were
soon re-enforced by the Fifty-sixth Regiment. The enemy were now
soon driven from their position, and, it being quite dark, the firing ceased
on both sides. The Ninety-fifth and Fifty-sixth Regiments were directed
by General Pleasonton to take possession of a hill, covered with wood,
on the extreme left and front. They held possession of it during the
night. The Seventy-sixth Regiment remained on duty in the town and
on the roads leading into it. Thus ended the operations on the 2d in-
stant.
On the morning of the 3d instant I reported to General Pleasonton,
who informed me that he had sent word to General l)oubleday that the
brigade should rejoin the division, but that circumstances now made it
desirable that we should remain with him. lIe directed me to bring
up the Seventh Indiana Regiment and the battery, arid to hold the hill
on which the Ninety-fifth and Fifty-sixth Regiments had bivouacked.
While executing this order General Pleasouton directed the Fifty-sixth
Regiment to skirmish through a wood, to the front and right of the hill.
Having done this, the Fifty-sixth Regiment remained, as directed, in the
wood until evening. When the Seventh Indiana Regiment and the bat-
tery had arrived in front, a section of the battery, with the Seventh Regi-
ment as a support, was advanced 1,000 yards to the front, and l)osted
on the crest of a hill. The battery soon opened on the enemy, who was
posted in the rear of a large house and barn, on our left and front. The
Ninety-fifth Regiment was ordered to take possession of the house, which
order they executed in gallant style the instant that the fire of our bat-
tery ceased. They held possession of the house during the day. The
enemy having retired beyond the range of the guns nientioned, the troops
under my command were allowed to rest, excepting, however, those serv-
ing with the four guns, under command of Lieutenant Edgell. They
continued with the cavalry during the day.
At 4 p. m. I received an order from General Pleasonton to call in the
regiments and bring the brigade to Upperville. I did so, and reporte
Page 133
CHAP. XX~1] OPERATIONS IN LO~JDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 133
to him at that place at 8 p. in. After being deputed by General Pleas-
onton to convey his thanks to the officers and men of my command for
the good services they had rendered, he directed inc to report to 0-en-
eral Doubleday.
In reporting the operations of the brigade, I beg to add my own thanks
to the officers and men under my command for the prompt manner in
which they discharged the duties devolving upon them.
To Captain Ford, assistant quartermaster, and Captain Williams, of
the Fifty-sixth Regiment, my acting aide-de-camp, and to Adjutant-
Chur, of the Fifty-sixth Regiment, acting assistant adjutant-general,
my thanks are especially due for the manner in which they conveyed
and attended to the execution of my orders.*
I am, ~cry respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. W. IIOFMANN,
Lieut. Gol. Fyty-sixth Regt. Pa. Vols., Gomdg. Second Brig.
*Japtain IIALSTEAD,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Doubledays Division.
No. 5.
Report of Lieut. Gol. Horace B. Sargent, First Massachusetts Cavalry, of
reconnaissance to, and skirmish at, Snickers Gap.
IIDQRS. CAVALRY EscoRt, FIFTH ARMY CORPS,
Snickersrille, Va., November 3, 1862.
GENERAL: I have the honor to report the result of a reconnaissance
made by me this day, by command of Brigadier-General Sykes, over the
belt of wooded country bordering on the pike leading from this place to
the Shenandoah. My orders were, first, to determine the number and
the position of any hostile force on this side of the river, in this direction;
second, to determine the exact position of the Shenandoah; and, third,
if able to reach it, to ascertain, without crossing the river, the rebel force
and position on the other side. I left General Sykes headquarters, after
receiving very full and careful instructions from him, with a command,
consisting of 46 mounted men of the First Massachusetts Cavalry, 219
of the Seventh Infantry, and a part of the Sixth and Fourteenth In-
fantry (United States troops); number not yet reported to me.
After sending a lieutenant and 12 men to feel of the wood to the right,
I attempted to thread the wood on the left side of the pike road (which
was at first open) with the cavalry as skirmishers, but was soon com-
pelled to move by file, having infantry skirmishers in advance. After
moving about a mile and debouching upon the road, I met a considera-
ble force of cavalry, variously estimated at from 50 to 100 men, who com-
menced firing upon the infantry skirmishers in the wood, on the right of
the road, who returned the fire. After a few shots, I moved my cavalry
upon them at a trot, exchanging fire, until I saw a horseman enter the
Shenandoah, when I sent a dozen men to the right, to act as dismounted
skirmishers, and charged with the remainder until the rebel horsemen
entered the river, when I poured an incessant fire upon them. A severe
fire of small-arms opened upon us from every window of a house on the
opposite bank and from the shore, which killed a captain and wounded
3 men of my cavalry force, and a severe fire of shell from one or two
* A list of casualties, omitted, shows loss of 5 killed and 23 wounded
Page 134
134 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. C4A~. XXXI.
heavy guns on the ridge compelled me to withdraw the cavalry under
cover, and advance the infantry skirmishers to protect it, and make the
enemy display his force. Some time elapsed after the shelling com-
menced before the skirmishers were able to come to my support. Those
on the right of the road deployed from their cover and made an effective
fire; but I regret to say that the Fourteenth Regulars, mish earing or
misconstruing time order to move, made a splendidly gallant but disas-
trous charge in line of battle to the river bank, and only halted and
laid down in l)art, after repeated orders, evidently unheard amid the
noise. Seve-ral of these brave men fell, dead or mortally wounded; but
their charge was apparently understood by the enemy to be an attempt
to force the river, and instantly drew the fire of eight guns in position
on the crests opposite to the ford, and caused the deployment of one or
two regiments of infantry on the opposite bank. The infantry seemed
to be drawli in part from behind a ridge on which their guns were placed,
and in rear of which I learned there were several regiments. The three
objects of my scrutiny being effected, I withdrew the forces from fire as
soon as possible, bringing off our dead and wounded.
If I knew the names of all the officers commanding the infantry
supporting me, I should be glad to express my thanks for their ready
service and efforts to second my wishes.
If it is not improper, I should be glad to bear my testimony to the
courage with which my deceased officer, Capt. M. C. Pratt, confronted
his fate, and to the gallant behavior of my second officer, Capt. Casper
Crowninshield; also Lieutenant Blagden, Lieutenant Davis, and the
men of their command~ also Lieutenant Forbes.
I have not been ableto obtain an official statement of the killed and
wounded in this affair, although I am promised one, if possible, to.night.
I have the honor to be, general, your obedient servant,
HORACE BINNEY SARGENT,
Lieut. Col. First Mass. Cay., Comdg. Escort, Fifth Army Corps.
Major-General PORTER,
Commanding Fifth Army Corps.
No. 6.
Ji~eport of Capt. John D. O6onnell, Fourteenth U. S. Infantry, of reconnais~
sance to, and skirmish at, ~ Gap.
FIRST BRIGADE OF REGULARS, S~x~s DIVISION,
Camp in Snickers Gap, Va., November 4, 1862.
COLONEL: In accordance with instructions, I left camp on the 3d
instant, in command of the Fourteenth Infantry, consisting of two bat-
talions, the first numbering 178, and the second 121, including commis-
sioned officers, making a total of 299, to join a portion of the Second
Brigade of Regulars and some Massachusetts cavalry, in command of
Lieutenant-Colonel Sargent, to make a reconnaissance in the direction
of the Shenandoah River. Having formed the line of battle, the Four-
teenth Inf~ntry occupying the right of the infantry, the cavalry the road
and portions of the wood to the front, the infantry front covered by a
line of skirmishers, I was directed by Captain Bootes, Sixth Infantry,
senior officer of the arm, to march so that my right would be near the
road, and hidden from the enemy. We passed over fields and through
groves of timber, meeting with but little resistance until arriving nea
Page 135
CHAr. ~ OPtRAtIO~S IN LOUDOTJN COUNtY, ttti. 135
the crest of the hill overlooking the river, when the enemys batterks
opened lively upon us; but here we were protected in a great measure
by tbe woods. having arrived on the crest of the hill, I ordered a halt,
believing the main body had then the proper position to make the
required reconnaissance. I remained in thA wood with the regiment,
but in a short distance from t~e road, and seeing some officers on the
road whom I took for staff officers, I called for orders, and was answered,
Move forward. I did so. Captain Weed, of the artillery, was near,
and must have heard the order. A number of my officers heard it. I
moved forward to the river under a heavy fire of artillery and some
musketry, the greater part of the latter from hidden positions. I ex-
pected to meet a body of the rebel infantry, covered by the river bank.
Our skirmishers fired on and, I believe, killed a number of those of the
enemy. At the bank of the river I ordered the regiment to lie down,
but, finding the left of the line had not come np, believed there was some
mistake, and retired without orders to the wood. Here I met Lieutenant-
Colonel Sargent, who asked me to send back a flag of truce for the
wounded. I did so, and turned over the regiment to Captain Over-
ton, and remained in the rear to see that the wounded were properly
attended to.
The following is a list of officers with the regiment: Captain OCon-
nell, commanding First Battalion and the regiment; Companies A, Lieu-
tenant Henton; B, Lieutenant Walker; C, Lieutenants Collins and
Doebler; D, Lieutenant Bellows; F, Captain Smedberg and Lieuten-
ant Sinclair; (~T, Lieutenants Brodhead and MeKibbin; II, Captain
Watson and Lieutenant Moroney, and Lientenant Loosley, adjutant.
Second Battalion, commanded by Captain Overton; Companies E and
D, Captain OBeirne; C, Lieutenant Perry; F and B, Lieutenant Porter;
0-, Captain Locke, and Assistant Surgeon Jaquett. Companies E, First,
and II and A, Second Battalion, were left at camp on picket, and Cap-
tain Keyes as field officer of the day.
The casualties were as follows: First Battalion, wounded, 11 enlisted
men. Second Battalion, 1 commissioned officer, 15 enlisted men wounded;
since died, 5 enlisted men. It is feared, from the nature of the wounds,
that a number of the wounded will die. A number of the command
were struck with stones, thrown by the bursting of shells, & c. Captain
Smedberg had his coat shot through.
The regimental officers and men behaved in a manner much to be
admired.
It is about 3~ miles to the ford; the road is very good. The river, at
and in the vicinity of the ford, is about 6 rods wide, and now fordable.
The enemy has about five pieces of artillery on the other side, nearly a
quarter of a mile, well supported, I think, by infantry. There are some
houses, apparently deserted, on both sides at the ford.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. D. OCONNELL,
Captain Fourteenth Infantry, Comdg. Regiment in Field.
Lieutenant-Colonel SARGENT,
First Massachusetts Cavalry, near lid qrs. Fifth Army Corps.
[Thdorsement.]
Respectfully transmitted to headquarters, with the fullest indorse-
ment as to gallant conduct of the Fourteenth U. S. Infantry in the
charge referred to. No order to make such a charge w~s given by me.
When I could no longer maintain my few cavalry under fire so severe
it being yet necessary to force informationI ordered the infantry ski
Page 136
1 5fj OPERAIioNs IN N. VA., W. VA., ML, AND PA. tCHAP. ~
inishers forward, as stated in my report. The orders to lie down and
to retire~~ were given and reiterate(l by me. I left my proper com-
mand for the purpose, and rode to the waters edge to shout it out; but
the noise of shells and musketry from the first made all correct hearing
difficult.
HOIIACE BINNEY SXItGENT,
Lieutenant- Colonel First iMiassachuselts Cavalry.
No. 7.
Reports of Brig. Gen. George D. Bayard, U. S. Army, commanding Cavalry
Brigade, of skirmishes at Mountville, A (die, and near Rappahannock
Station.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Camp near Chantilly, October 31, 186212 1. m.
The enemy drove in General Stonernans pickets, and followed those
that escaped into Aldie, near which I was encamped. My men were
quickly in the saddle, and,led by Major Falls and Captain Sawyer,
drove them from the town and pursued them for 2 miles, when, reaching
their reserves, our troops were forced back. Colonel Karg6, however,
held the hill beyond the town with the cavalry of his brigade and two
pieces of artillery. The enemy opene(l also with two l)ieCes of artillery,
and an artillery duel ensued for a short time, when I withdrew 2 miles
from the town, to a commanding hill. This I (lid Ofl account of my being
so far in advance of any support, and so that I would be behind the
roads leading from Hay Market, Gainesville, Centrevihle, an(l White
Plains, by which roads my left flank was exposed, and which I had beeui
compelled to strongly picket. My mcii held the town for an hour after
the skirmish, when I concluded to return to camp. I regret to say. that
Captain Sawyer is badly wounded, and I left about S men on the field,
as I was unable to bring them away.
The major of the Rhode Island Cavalry reports the loss of a captain
and most of his picket.
GEG. D. BAYAIID,
Brigadier-General, Commanding.
[Major-General SIGEL.]
FAIRFAX COURT-HOUSE, VA.,
Novcmbcr 1, 18U2.
We drove the enemy out of Aldie. They fell back on their reserves
and repulsed our advanced squadron. They had four pieces of artillery,
and an artillery duel ensued. Half my forces were used to picket iiiy
left flank and secure my rear, leaving me but 1,000 men for action. The
enemy did not advance. I was so fir from all support that I fell back
during the night. Captain Sawyer was wounded, and I lost 8 men, I
think, in the charge, and more horses. Where shall 1 draw my supplies
from ~ Where establish my wagon train ~? General Si gel is too fir to the
rear for any support. Cannot I transfer my sonree of supplies to Lees-
burg, and mass my train in front of that l)lace ~? I go to Washington.
Answer me at Willards.
GEG. D. BA YARD,
Brigadicr-Gencral, Commanding.
It. B. MARCY, Chief of kStajJ
Page 137
CHAP ~XXI.l OPERA1~IONS IN tOU1~OtJN COUNTY, ETC. 137
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTO~AC,
November 1, 1862noon.
Brigadier-General BAYARD,
Willards Hotel:
Your dispatch of this morning, from Fairfax Court-House, received.
General Pleasonton, with his cavalry, will occupy Philomont to-day.
General Reynolds corps will occupy Purceliville and Hamilton. Rey-
nolds and Barusides corps will advance to-morrow to near Aldie and
Middleburg. Under these circumstances, the commanding general di-
rects that you march your command toward Aldie, keeping your scouts
well out to the front, so as to warn you of any very large force of the
enemy, and, if you find you are to encounter too heavy a force, you will
turn to the right toward Leesburg, and pass around in the direction of the
river, so as to form a junction with this army at the earliest practicable
moment. Please send your wagons to Leesburg, from whence you can
draw your supplies from Whites Ford, or, perhaps, Edwards Perry.
General Stoneman received his supplies from Whites Ford. You had
better see that sufficient supplies are sent by canal-boats to opposite
Leesburg before you leave Washington. Please acknowledge the re-
ceipt of this, and inform me when you will probably reach Aldie and
Leesburg. B. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
NOVEMBER 1, 1862.
General B. B. MARCY,
Chief of General ]IfcClellans Staff:
SIR: Your dispatch is received. I will be in Aldie to-morrow by 1
oclock. I cannot tell when my train will be in Leesburg; I presume by
iiight. I had yesterday a horse battery from General Sigels corps.
There is another in General Sickles division. I sent back Sigels bat-
tery this morning, and, therefore, will have to move without artillery,
unless a battery is ordered to me. I should like to have the battery
from General Sigels corps.
GEG. D. BAYARD,
Brigadier-General, Commanding Cavalry.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Camp at Rajpjpahannoek Station, Va., November 10, 1862.
GENERAL: I have the honor to report that last evening the enemy
opened with two pieces of artillery at a private ford, just above the
bridge. After firing about half a dozen shots at the picket there, they
moved up to Beverly Ford, and opened there in the same manner, and
then withdrew about dark. Nobody hurt. The picket at Beverly Ford
reports that their carbines killed 1 officer. I moved up with cavalry
and two pieces of artillery, but in both instances they were too quick
for me, and withdrew before I could get the pieces in position.
General Taylors brigade has only 1,000 effective men. I think there
should be a brigade of infantry at Bealeton, as my left flank is entirely
exposed.
I send down toward Fredericksburg a squadrou of cavalry each day.
The horses get better fed while they are away from here is the reason
that I send so large a force
Page 138
lag OPERKflONS IN N. VA., W. VA., Mb., AND PA [~IIAP. ~Ct.
Large numbers of my horses are rendered useless by the disease
raging among them. My whole command has not more than 1,200
efl~ctive horses. General McClellan ordered up Colonel Prices brigade
to join me, but 1 have heard nothing from him. Will you hurry him
up I Colonel Kargd has about 600 men stationed where the road to
Freemans Ford comes into the road to this place.
If you send any infantry to Bealeton, I will order my brigade train to
stay there. Otherwise I shall order it up here, as Warrenton is too far
for it to be stationed.
As I reported to General Reynolds, I have limited my scouting to
Sulphur Springs, the Maine cavalry being there.
Will you be so kind as to send me a New York and Washington
paper? I have not seen one since I left the latter place.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEG. B. BAYARD,
Brigadier- General, Commanding U. S. Forces.
General JOHN G. PARKE.
No. 8.
Report of Brig. Gen. A. Sanders Piatt, U. S. Army, of reconnaissance to
Mianassas Gap, and skirmish.
PIEDMONT, VA., November 7, 186212.25 a. m.
GENERAL: Your dispatch by signal just received. In compliance
therewith, I have to state that, in accordance with the orders received
from you, through General Whipple, to make reconnaissance of Manassas
Gap, I marched through the gap ou the evening of the 5th as far as the
cavalry had advanced. We reached that point after dark. The cavalry
being in doubt as to the real strength of the enemy, and not being ac-
quainted with the road myself, I deemed it prudent to wait till morning.
On the following morning the cavalry were ordered to join General
Avereli, and did so. I threw out skirmishers on each side, and, with-
out cavalry, moved forward. In this way we proceeded to the north-
west end of the gap, when my advance skirmishers were fired upon
by artillery. I immediately placed a section on a commanding point,
on the left-hand side of the road, commanding the position occupied by
the enemys artillery, and on the right-hand side another section, com-
manding the main position of the enemy. Both sections were supported
by infantry. I placed one regiment in the center, on the road, so as to
be available on either side, or to be rallied upon, if necessary. The in-
fantry were all kept out of sight of the enemy. The artillery of the
enemy was soon silenced, and they were forced to retire from their posi-
tion. Not yet satisfied as to their real strength, I ordered up a skir-
mishing party on the mountain, to drive in their vedettes, which they
did, capturing two cavalry horses. I immediately changed the section
on the left of the road, placing it in a commanding position on the right.
I ordered up the One hundred and twenty-fourth New York to move
on the right, so as to flank their position, and the One hundred and
twenty-second on the left, for the same purpose, while the Eighty-sixth
New York moved up the center, in front. The One hundred and twenty-
second, owing to the inequality of the ground, and not fully understand-
ing the order, failed to come up in time. Finding this, I threw them
~n the right to support the artillery. After a few well-directed shots
Page 139
189
which wounded 2 or 3 of their men (the enemys), if not killing some,
they were routed from their position. The One hundred and twenty-
fourth having reached its point of destination, drove them completely
out of the gap, passing to the valley beyond. The enemy changed the
position of their guns five times, in order to get the range of my infantry,
intending to rake their ranks and then precipitately retire. This they
failed to do. Having dispersed them as far as possible with infantry,
I made a careful view of the valley from the main point, whence I was
able to discover the three camps and park of wagons noticed in my
signal report to-day.
I was informed by a citizen, living in the mouth of the gap, where
the enemy was posted, that General Hills forces were at Front Royal,
and he himself being present in the gap at the commencement of the
skirmish.
Having received an order from General Whipple to join him at Water-
loo, if the force in the gap did not require the presence of my brigade,
which I did not think it did, as I look upon the enemy there as a strong
outpost, to prevent an attack in the valley without notice to them, and
being relieved by a squadron of cavalry reporting to me, and being
without provisions, tents, or blankets for my men, I gave what instruc-
tions I deemed necessary to the cavalry officer, and marched back to
this point.
En route, at Markham, I met Generals Pleasontons and Averells
trains where I was able to obtain provisions for one company. This
company I left for the better protection of the train, ordering them to
report to me if anything occurred.
Here I await further orders, and am, general, your obedient servant,
A. SANDERS PIATT,
Brigadier- General.
Maj. Gen. GEOUGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Commanding.
No. 9.
Report of Lient. Got. James ~. Fillebrown, Tenth Maine Infantry, of affair
near & ickersville.
HEADQUARTERS TENTH MAINE REGIMENT,
Berlin, [Md.], .Yovember 9, 1862.
COLONEL: I have the honor to report that First Lient. (3. H. Penning,
commanding one section each of Thompsons and Matthews batteries,
attached to General Hookers command, also I wagon of General Rick-
etts headquarters, 3 wagons connected with the batteries, 1 ambulance,
about 60 horses, and 40 men, was yesterday attacked by the enemy near
Snickersville, and, being without cannoneers, was obliged to retire, firing
only one gun, and is now on this side of the river. I have caused one
section of guns to be put in position on the hill to the rear of my camp,
which will command the road opposite some 2 miles out, and also the
bridge. The other I have at the bridge, to dispute the passage there.
Captain Schofield, in command of detachment of Engineer Corps, has
instructions to protect the ford above, and the officer in command of
fatigue party, of the One hundred and twenty-fifth Pennsylvania Volun-
teers, below the town; while one company of this regiment, on th
Page 140
140
OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXL
opposite side of the river guarding stores, have instructions to act as a
picket guard in case of an attack.
Should any of General Stuarts force propose to make us a visit, we
are prepared to give him or them a warm reception. The train of con-
valescents left here this morning about 12 oclock.
I am, very respectfully, colonel, your obedient servant
J. S. FILLEBRO~kTN
Lieutenant- Colonel, Commanding Tenth Miaine Regiment.
Lieut. Col. H. C. RODGERS,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Twelfth Army Corps.
No. 10.
Report of General Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, 9/action at C1orbins Gross-
Roads, near Amissville.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
November 10, 1862.
SIR: Finding that the enemy had apparently halted in his advance,
I directed General Stuart to move with his cavalry, penetrate the line
of l)ickets, and endeavor to ascertain his disposition. Accordingly, this
morning, with Lees brigade and two regiments of infantry, he drove
them back to A missville, causing them to withdraw from Washington
and to recall a party that was al)parently proceeding down the river
below Rappahannock Station. Upon reaching Amissville the enemy
advanced against him three brigades of infantry, which caused him to
retire. This was done in good order, and his loss during the day was
4 wounded. A few of the enemy were killed and more wounded. He
ascertained that none of their infantry was established this side of the
Rappahannock, but saw large encampments beyond Warrenton, which
were said to be Sigels.
I have the honor to be, your obedient servant,
RE.LEE,
General.
Hon. GEORGE W. RANDOLPH,
Secretary of War, Richmond, Va.
No. 11.
Report of Maj. (len. J. F. B. Stuart, C. S. Army, commanding cavalry, of
operations October 30November 6.
HDQRS. CAVALRY CORPS, ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
February 27, 1864.
COLONEL: I have the honor to submit the following report of the
operations of the cavalry division from October 30, 1862, when I crossed
the Blue Ridge, to November 6, 1862, when my command recrossed the
Rappahannock, including notices of operations along that front subse-
quent to that time:
On October 30, 1862, it having been ascertained that the enemy had
crossed the Potomac in force in the vicinity of Leesburg, I was directed
by the commanding general to cross at once with one brigade of my
command into Loudoun, with a view to watch the enemys movements
Page 141
CHAP. XXXI] OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 141
and to delay his progress while our army was changing its position, so
as to confront him on the Itappahannock.
At this time General Longstreet was moving his corps by way of
Front Royal to Culpeper. Jones brigade was left to bring up Jacksons
rear in the valley, while Hamptons brigade, then in the vicinity of Mar-
tinsburg, was ordered to join me near Upperville by November 3.
I crossed with Fitz. Lees brigade, under Col. Williams C. Wickham
(Brig. Gen. Fitz. Lee having been disabled), and six pieces of the Stuart
Horse Artillery, under Maj. John Pelham, at Castlemans Ferry and
Snickers Gap. This brigade had been much diminished and its effi-
ciency greatly impaired by the greased heel and sore tongue, at that
time prevailing among the horses, and some of the regiments scarcely
numbered 100 men for duty,-the aggregate of the brigade for duty being
less than 1,000. Proceeding in the direction of Middleburg, I bivouacked
that night near Bloomfield.
Having ascertained (luring the night that there was a force of the
enemy at Mountville, where the Snickersville turnpike crosses Goose
Creek, I started on the morning of the 31st with the command for that
point. Pursuing an unfrequented road, I succeeded in surprising the
enemy, who were in force of about 100, and dispersing the whole with-
out difficulty; killed and captured nearly the whole number, among the
former Captain Gove, of the First Rhode Island Cavalry. The attack
was made by the Ninth Virginia, in advance, supported by the Third,
which last continued the pnrsuit of the fugitives several miles, to Aldie.
Here, the enemy being in force, the Third Virginia retired to the hill
overlooking the town until re-enforced by the rest of the command.
The Fourth Virginia, now in advance, pushed on toward the village,
meeting midway a column of the enemy charging up the lane. After a
brief and fierce conflict, the leading squadron of the enemy was put to
flight, and driven pell-mell down the narrow lane upon the next squadron,
which was moving up at a gallop. The collision between these two
bodies resulted in serious damage to both, and the whole was soon put
to flight and driven into the village. The enemys artillery, which
crowned the heights adjoining the village, now opened upon our ad-
vancing columns, and compelled us to discontinue the pursuit. Our
pursuit ha(l been too rapid for the artillery to keep pace, but it finally
came up, and was put in position on the heights overlooking the village,
a.n(l opened a destructive fire npon the enemy, compelling him to aban-
don his l)osition. At this time I was deterred from further attack by
information that the enemy was advancing from the direction of Mount-
ville, which I had just left, and which was completely in my rear. I
therefore retired just at dark, by way of Middleburg, to a point a few
miles beyond that place, where we encamped for the night.
It was subsequently ascertained that General Bayard was in command
of the enemys forces, and that they retreated, without halting, to Fair-
fax Court-House, and that t!ie reported advance from Monntville was a
mistake.
The enemy suffered heavily in killed and wounded. Our own loss
was very slight. In the camp captured at Mountville several flags,
numbers of saddles, valises, blankets, oil-cloths, and other valuable ar-
ticles were captured, which the enemy had abandoned in their hasty
flight.
During November 1, a portion of my command being near Union, a
point midway between the two turnpikes, it was ascertained that the
enemy was advancing from the direction of Leesburg and debouching
upon the turnpike at Philomont, a few miles above Mountville. Ou
Page 142
142 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXI.
pickets having been attacked at that point, the brigade was moved
through Union to their support. At this time General D. H. Hill, with
his division, was in the vicinity of Upperville and Paris, and my com-
mand was so disposed as to cover his front. J immediately took posi-
tion on the Union Heights to check the enemys advance if he were in
heavy force, or,if only a force of cavalry, to attack him. The enemy
spent the remainder of the day iii reconnoitering, displaying very little
force, and in the skirmishing which took place our lines were advanced
to the vicinity of Philomout. The playing of bands and other indica-
tions rendered it almost certain that there was a large force of infantry
present. The command, having encamped for the night near their for-
mer position, moved early next morning (November ~) to reoccupy the
line of battle held the previous day.
About 8 oclock, the enemy began to deploy in our front both infantry
and cavalry, with six or eight pieces of artillery. Our dispositions were
made to receive him by posting artillery advantageously, and the cav-
alry dismounted behind the stone fences, which were here very numer-
ous, and, consequently, afforded the enemy as good shelter as ourselves.
Having to watch all the avenues leadiu~ to my rear, my effective force
for fighting was very much diminished, but the Stuart Horse Artillery,
under the incomparable Pelham, Support7e(l by the cavalry sharpshooters,
made a gallant and obstinate resistance, maintaining their ground for
the greater part of the day, both suffk~ring heavily, one of our caissons
exploding from the enemys shot. It was during this engagement that
Major Pelham conducted a howitzer some distance beyond support to a
neighboring hill and opened a masked fire upon a body of the enemys
cavalry in the valley beneath, putting them to flight, capturing their
flag and various articlestheir arms, e(luipmnents, and horses, as well as
some prisonerssustaining in this extraordinary feat no loss whatever.
The enemy finally enveloped our position with his superior numbers,
both infantry and cavalry, so as to compel our withdrawal; but every
hill-top and every foot of ground was disputed, so that the enemy made
progress of less than a mile during the day. The enemy were held at
bay until dark at Seatons Hill, which they assailed with great deter-
mination, but were each time signally repulsed by the ~vell-directed fire
of the Horse Artillery. Major Pelham, directing one of the shots him-
self at the color-bearer of an infantry regiment, struck him down at a
distance of 800 yards. During this withdrawal, Captain Bullock, of the
Fifth Virginia Cavalry, by great presence of min(l and bravery, saved
himself from capture in a very perilous position.
At night I bivouacked the command east of Upperville, with the view
of occupying as a line of battle the ground along the creek below the
town. Some few of our wounded, who were so much disabled that they
could not be moved, were left in hospital near Union, with surgeons and
nurses.
Captain Blackford, of the Engineers, had been sent with a reconnoi-
tering party to the Blue Ridge, to take a view of the enemy from that
elevation. He reported immense trains of wagons coming from Lees-
burg toward Union, which, together with what had been developed in
front, convinced me that it was McClellans army on a forward move-
ment. My instructions in case of such a movement were to move along
the east side of the ridge, keeping in front of the enemy, and delaying
his progress as much as possible- but in an interview with General D.
H. Hill, at Upperville, he expressed a great desire that I should retire
through Ashbys Gap, as it was, he said, of the greatest importance that
the enemy should be delayed there in order to enable Jacksons corps to
get away. J acquiesced in this arrangement, as I knew that I coul
Page 143
CHAP. XXXI.] OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 143
detach part of the command to keep along east of the Blue Ridge while
the rest was thus occupied, especially as Hamptons brigade was then
expected.
On the morning of November 3, about 9 a. in., the enen~y advanced
on our new position with cavalry, infantry, and artillery, moving simul-
taneously by all the roads and fords. His progress was obstinately and
successfully resisted for nearly the entire day.
Before the position was yielded, Col. Williams C. Wickham, command-
ing the brigade, who during all these operations had displayed great
zeal, ability, and bravery, was struck in the neck by a fragment of a
shell, which deprived me for the time being of his valuable services. He
was succeeded in the command by Col. T. L. Rosser, of the Fifth Vir-
ginia Cavalry.
Breatheds battery, of the Stuart Horse Artillery, added to its many
laurels on these hard-fought fields, and was materially assisted by a
battery from General D. H. Hills command, which had been sent to
re-enforce me.
Late in the afternoon, the enemy having moved so as to turn my left
flank, I withdrew through Upperville, sending the First and Fifth Vir-
ginia Cavalry to Piedmont, so as to constitute a rear guard for our trains,
which had passed on that road. XVith the remainder of the command
I took up successive positions, resisting the enemys advance from Up-
perville to the gap, near Paris. Upon arriving at this gap I found a
small infantry force, with some artillery, posted on the heights, left by
General D. H. Hill to report to me. One of these guns was a Whit-
worth, under Captain Hardaway, which, at a single shot, drove away a
battery of the enemy, posted near Upperville, 3 or 4 miles off. General
D. H. Hill had previously left, with the main portion of his command, by
the Front Royal road. The enemy manifested at nightfall no intention
of advancing on my front, but, anticipating a flank movement by a por-
tion of their force on the road leading from Upperville to Piedmont Sta-
tion, on the Manassas Gap Railroad, I directed Colonel Rosser to repair
to the latter point, intending to make another stand at this point the
next morning, with the re enforcement of Hamptons brigade. The Fifth
Vir~inia Cavalry, Major [B. B.] Douglas commanding, and the First
Virginia Cavalry, by misconstruction of my orders, left Piedmont that
evening, and as Colonel Rosser approached it from Paris after dark the
place was found in possession of the enemy, Colonel Rosser encounter-
ing the enemys picket between the two points, and moving so as to in-
terpose his command between Markham and Piedmont. Finding, upon
my arrival at Paris, that General Jackson was not in motion, and that
his headquarters were at Millwood, I presumed that his plans had been
changed since my instructions from the commanding general. I there-
fore repaired to Miliwood to ascertain. Upon arriving there, I was in-
formed by General Jackson that, inst cad of following General Longstreet,
he would remain in the valley, so as to be upon McClellans flank. A
(letermined stand, therefore, at Paris Gap being unnecessary, I directed
the infantry and artillery there of General D. H. Hills command to pro-
ceed to rejoin him at Front Royal, while the cavalry picket, under Cap-
tain [XV. II] Woold ridge, Fourth Virginia Cavalry, was to retire, on the
enemys approach, by the same route.
Hamptons brigade, having reached Millwood, was, on the morning -
of the 4th, ordered to join the other brigade at Markham, while I pro-
ceeded on the same morning by a nearer route to the same point. The
enemy had, however, gained possession of that point before I reached
it, our forces retiring toward Barbees Cross-Roads. I proceeded, there-
fore, to Linden; where I found Hamptons brigade, and diverted its lin
Page 144
144 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [CUAP. XXXL
of march toward Barbees Cross-Roads, where it arrived late in the night
of the 4th. General D. H. fill was holding the gap at Linden at this
time with some infantry and artillery, with which I left a detachment
of the Phillips Legion Cavalry. I learned that Colonel Rosser had moved
from his position at Markham that evening, the enemy having advanced
upon him with such a force as to compel him to withdraw, without,
however, any serious loss. In this engagement Captain Henrys bat-
tery, of the Stuart Horse Artillery, behaved with the most signal gal.
lantry.
On the morning of the 5th, I determined to give battle to the enemys
cavalry, should he advance at B arbees Cross-Roads. Dispositions were
made accordingly, Lees brigade being on our right and Hamptons on
the left. The crest of the hill immediately north of the town was occri-
pied by our artillery and sharpshooters, with a vie~w to rake the enemys
column as it moved up the road; but the main position for defense was
just at the cross-roads, where the main body was held in reserve.
Toward 9 a. m. the enemy advanced, and a fierce engagement of ar-
tillery and sharpshooters ensued, lasting for some hours. The enemy
at length approached under cover of ravines and woods, and my com-
mand held the position near the cross-roads, where our artillery had
complete control of the approaches. At this juncture I received infor-
mation that the enemy was in Warrenton. This information, together
with the delay and lack of vigor in the enemys attack at this point, led
me to believe that this was only a demonstration to divert my attention
from his move on Warrenton. I accordingly gave orders to Hampton
and Rosser to withdraw, the former by the Flint Hill road, the latter
by the Orleans road, as the withdrawal of both by the same route would
have been next to impossible. In withdrawing, there was a sharp con-
flict between the First North Carolina Cavalry, under Lieutenant-Colo-
nel Gordon, and the enemy on the left, that regiment suffering a good
deal. Many interesting particulars of this engagement will be found
in the accompanying report of Lieutenant-Colonel Gordon, as well~as
the casualties attending his command.* Other reports have not be~n
furnished. The enemy made no pursuit.
Upon arriving at Orleans,7 miles distant, it was ascertained that the
report of the occupation of Warrenton by the enemy was a mistake.
The enemy had attacked the place, but had been gallantly repulsed by
a portion of the Second North Carolina Cavalry, under Lieutenant-
Colonel [W. H.] Payne, of the Fourth Virginia Cavalry. Lees brigade
bivouacked that night in the neighborhood of Orleans.
On the next morning, November 6, I sent a portion of the command,
nuder Colonel Rosser, to occupy Warrenton, and crossed the Rappahan-
nock at Waterloo Bridge. Rosser, having reached Warrenton, fimud
that the enemy was advancing on his rear as well as front, and was
therefore compelled to leave the place. Meeting the enemy in his path,
he skillfully eluded him, bringing off his little band, without loss, to the
south side of the Rappahannock.
Leaving Hamptons brigade to cover the front of Sperryville, with his
advance posts at Gaines Cross-Roads and Amissville, I moved with
Lees brigade to Jeffersonton, keeping outposts on the Rappahannock.
Our cavalry kept in constant contact with the enemy, not a day passing
without a conflict. In one of these, near Gaines Cross-Roads, a portion
of Hamptons command behaved with great gallantry, and routed the
enemy. In this engagement Major [W. G.] Delony, of the Cobb Legion,
was wounded.
* Report of casualties not found
Page 145
CHAP. XXXI.] OPERATIONS iN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 145
The enemy moved over two brigades of infantry to Jeffersonton, and
kept a large force of cavalry, with a strong infantry support, at Amiss-
yule. With a view to dislodge the latter, I concerted a simultaneous
attack with Hamptons and Lees brigades on the enemy there, supported
by two regiments of infantry, under Col. Carnot Posey, of the Sixteenth
Mississippi. Hampton did not receive the orders in time to co-operate,
but the remainder of the force advanced upon the enemy, dislodged
him from his position, and he was rapidly retiring when a large force
of infantry came to his relief. The command was, therefore, leisurely
returned to camp.
The army of McClellau now occupied Warrenton and its vicinity, with
strong infantry outposts on the Rappahannock, and Longstreets corps
occupied Culpeper County, with my cavalry interposed between him
and the enemy, along the Rappahannock and in the forks of the Hazel
and Aestham Rivers.
In all these operations I deem it my duty to bear tostimony to the
gallantry and patient endurance of the cavalry, fighting every day most
unequal conflicts, and successfully opposing for an extraordinary period
the onward march of McClellan.
The Stuart Horse Artillery comes in for a full share of this praise,
and its gallant commander (Maj. John Pelham) exhibited a skill and
courage which I have never seen surpassed. On this occasion I was
more than ever struck with that extraordinary coolness and mastery
of the situation which more eminently characterized this youthful offi-
cer than any other artillerist who has attracted my attention. His coup
dwil was accurate and comprehensive his choice of ground made with
the eye of military genius, and his dispositions always such in retiring
as to render it impossible for the enemy to press us without being se-
verely punished for his temerity. His guns only retired from one posi-
tion to assume another, and open upon the enemy with a fire so destruc-
tive that it threw their ranks into confusion and arrested their farther
progress.
I regret that it is not in my power to furnish a complete list of cas-
nalties.
My thanks are due to Brigadier-General Hampton and Colonels Wick-
ham and Rosser for the zeal and ability displayed.
I was greatly indebted to my staff for valuable aid, particularly Maj.
Norman R. Fitzhugh, assistant adjutant-general, and to those already
mentioned in the body of the report.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. E. B. STUART,
Major- General.
No. 12.
R~port of Lieut. Col. J. B. Gordon, First North Carolina Cavalry, of action
at Barbees Cross-Roads.
BRANDY STATION, VA., November 22, 1862.
SIu: I have the honor to make the following report of the part enacted
by the First North Carolina Cavalry during the cavalry fight at Bar-
bees Cross-Roads, on the5thinstant:
About 12 oclock, I was ordered, through courier from General Hamp-
ton, to send one squadron to the cross-roads, 1 mile from camp, to act as
sharpshooters. In a few minutes afterward I was ordered by General
10 R RYOI~ XIX, PT I
Page 146
146 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
Hampton in person to move the remainder of the command (four squad-
ions, 275 men) up to support the Cobb Legion, which was near the bat-
tery, three-fourths of a mile distant, bnt to place the regiment in such
position as not to be seen by the enemy, and so as to be protected from
their artillery. In moving up the road toward the point designated
(half a mile), I saw the enemy in a large body on my left, on the oppo-
site side of the field, some 600 yards across. I discovered that I could
be flanked and cut oft in moving farther up. I therefore moved in the
direction of the enemy, placing the command in a depression in the field,
which protected us from their sharpshooters and artillery. The enemy,
disCovering a portion of the men, sent out some mounted skirmishers,
who commenced firing at the column. I dismounted a few men and
l)laced them on the crest of the hill in front, where they soon drove
back the enemys skirmishers. I sent a courier to General Hampton,
reporting the position of the enemy. As he caine up, a squadron of
Yankee cavalry dashed up along a stone fence in frant. I asked him
if I should charge them, stating to him at the same time that there
was a large body of the enemy upon my right, behind a stone feitee, and
that they had sharpshooters also posted there. He replied no, there
was no stone fence there; that he had been there during the morning,
and that it was open. lie then ordered me to charge, the regiment
being in a column of squadrons. I asked him if I should charge in squad-
ron form. He rel)lied yes, and that he would support me with the Sec-
ond South Carolina Regiment. I ordered the charge. The men moved
out J)romptly, going rapidly at the men we could see. The enemy fled
rapidly as soon as they discovered that we were charging them ,passing
through a narrow opening in the stone fence and going over a hill in
rear. As we got near the fence we encountered a broad ditch, concealed
by grass and weeds, into which a number of horses fell, dismounting
the riders. I ordered the men in front to pass through the opening in
the fence in pursuit. A few only had passed when we recei;~ed a with-
ering fire from 1St) dismounted men and one piece of artillery, placed
behind the stone fence on our ri~ht flank, running at an angle from the
one in front. From this fire a number of men and horses were shot
(lown. Seeing no chance to get at the enemy, and being exposed to a
terrible fire from the sharpshooters and artillery (which were near by),
I ordered the regiment to retire from that position by the left-about
wheel. As the squadrons were wheeling, to my surprise I saw a large
body of cavalry charging upon us from the right, which had been con-
cealed from view by a hill. The regiment fell back across the hill to the
point where it started, where it reformed, with the exception of some or
the mcii who went into the road against orders. The enemy dashed up
boldly, but did not enter the column, except 3, who were captured or
killed. The Second South Carolina Regiment did not come to my sul)-
l)Ort, as promised. I have learned since that it was blocked in the road
by the Cobb Legion. Major Delony, of the Legion, came up with a few
men, and lie, in connection with Captain Cowles and Lieutenant Suer,
of my command, made a dash at the enemy, when they ran back.
I lost in this affair 4 men killed and 17 wounded an(1 captured. The
captured men were dismounted at the ditch. The enemy report a loss
of 4 men killed.
Very resl)ectfully, your obedient servant,
J. B. GORDON,
Liemttenant- Colonel, Commanding.
Capt. T. G. BARKER,
As8istan t Adjutant- General, IlarnRtons Brigade
Page 147
CHAP. XXXI.] OPERATIONS IN LOUDOUN COUNTY, ETC. 147
No. 13.
Report of Maj. Elijah V. White, Virginia Carairy Battalion, of sUrmish
at Philomont.
NOVEMBER 14, 1862.
COLONEL: I desire to bring before your notice and the commanding
general the gallant conduct of the following-named privates, members
of Company A, of my battalion, viz: Mortimer W. Palmer, R. Henry
Simpson, David J. Lee, and Robert A. Ititacor, who, on the 9th instant,
charged and drove out of the town of Philornont, Loudoun County, Va.,
50 Yankee cavalry, wonnding 1 Yankee, capturing 2 negroes and 3
wagons from the rear of a long train, which they brought safely into
camp. This daring and heroic deed was performed at a distance of
13 miles from any Confederate force, and about fifteen minutes after
a regiment of infantry of the enemy had passed through the place, by
these four daring and gallant fellows. I think snch conspicuous and
brave conduct deserves the notice of their country and brethren in arms.
Very respectfully,
ELIJAH V. WHITE,
Major, ~ommanding Cavalry Battalion.
Col. T. T. MUNFORD,
Commanding ~Javalry Brigade.
No. 14.
Report of Col. Thomas 19. Rosser, Fifth Virginia Cavalry, commanding
Lees brigade, of action at Corbins Cross-Roads, near Amissvillc.
HEADQUARTERS LEES BRIGADE,
November 13, 18628.30 p. ni.
GENERAL: I have just returned, and have seen that your instructions
are carried out. I went within three-quarters of a mile of Waterloo
Bridge; saw a small squad of the enemy a short way from the road; sent
a small party from the First Virginia in pursuit of them. The enemy,
having a regiment in the woods near by, charged this party. As soon
as I discovered them, I ordered Colonel [James H.] Drake to charge,
which he (lid so promptly and gallantly that the enemy fled, leaving
12 of their number in Drakes hands, although the whole affair was in
full view of thousands of their friends on the other side of the river
(across which their cavalry had but a few moments been driven) and in
close cannon shot. Darkness coming on, and the enemys sharpshooters
having taken up a strong position in the thick woods in front of me, 1
thought it best to withdraw, the Fourth and Third having failed to get
l)055e55i011 of Amissville (reporting a force there), and this being some-
what in my rear. I saw two regiments of cavalry near Waterloo and a
strong infantry picket, and learned, from a source thought to be entirely
reliable, that the enemy was erecting a temporary bridge at Waterloo by
felling trees across the river and forming a bridge upon them. They
were over after corn this evening, and I came near capturing their wagons.
I am positive that they have only cavalry on this side, except small in-
fantry force for picket. I left a picket at Jefferson and near Amissville.
I left Drake on the other side of the river as a support to the pickets
Page 148
148 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CI~AL. XXXI.
Scouts report Sigel between Warrenton and Waterloo. Burnside is
at Warrenton.
Most respectfully, your obedient servant,
T. L. ROSSER,
Colonel, Commanding Brigade.
General J. E. B. STUART,
Commanding Cavalry.
P. S.Upon the exl)editioll I lost 3 or 4 horses only, having none of
my men in~jured or captured. I captured about 30 prisoners.
T.L.IR.
OCTOBER 29, 1862.Capture of Confederate pickets opposite Williams-
port, Nd.
I~EPORTS.
No. 1.Brig. Gen. William W. Averell, U. S. Army, comma~ding Cavalry Brigade.
No. 2.Brig. Gen. John II. Kenly, U. S. Army, commanding Maryland Brigade.
No. 1.
R~port of Brig. Gen. William W. Averell, U. ~. Army, commanding
Cavalry Brigade.
WILLIA1~SPORT, October 29, 18624.30 p. m.
SIR: My brigade arrived in the vicinity of this place about 2.30 p.
m. After a short consultation with General Kenly, concluded to cap-
ture enemys pickets on other side of river before crossing. Lieutenant
McMachan, of the First Maryland Cavalry, with 15 men, crossed above,
in order to get behind the pickets. After he had safely crossed, with-
out being discovered, a flag of truce appeared, covering 6 persons,
among whom was the late Colonel Brien. Just as the business of the
flag was concluded, and it had started on its return, Lieutenant Mc-
Machan dashed npon the picket of 6 men and brought it off before its
reserve could interfere. He did not iiiterfere with the flag or the
persons under it. General Hampton stated by the flag that it was
not to affect any military operations only on the pike, and,on that, it
should only cover the party carrying it. The prisoners belong to the
First North Carolina Cavalry, Hamptons brigade. They were reviewed
yesterday by General Stuart, they say, this side of Martinsbnrg. Hamp-
tons brigade is composed of infantry, cavalry, and artillery. There
are four regiments of cavalry; they do not know how much infantry; of
artillery, one says they have several batteries; another says but one.
That force, I have not the slightest doubt, is between me and Martins-
burg, and is much stronger than mine. Bad I another regiment of cav-
alry, or were my horses in better condition, I would not hesitate to at-
tack, and will, anyhow, if the general commanding desires it. With
regard to the main body of the enemy, the prisoners know nothing since
Saturday; they say they do not know that it has moved.
I am, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. W. AVERELL,
Brigadier- General, Volnuteers.
[Lient.] Col. OLIVER D. GREENE,
Chief of Staff, Sixth CorRs, Army of the Potomac
Page 149
ChAP. XXXI.1 CAPTURE OF CONFEDERATE tiCt{ETS IN MP. 149
No. 2.
Report of Brig. Gen. John R. Kenly, U. ~. Army, commanding Maryland
Brigade.
HEADQUARTERS,
Williamsport, November 3, 1862.
GENERAL: I have the honor to forward, for your. consideration, the
inch~sed papers, relating to the capture of 6 rebels by my orders on the
29th ultimo, viz:
No. 1. My official report of the capture to Lient. Col. 0. D. Greene,
chief of staff and assistant adjutant-general, Sixth Army Corps.
No. 2. Maj. C. II. Russells report to me of the capture, inclosing
Lieut. Henry McMachans report to him.
No. 3. An abstract of the statements made by the prisoners after their
capture.
No. 4. A letter from Brig. Gen. Wade Hampton, of the rebel army,
in relation to the capture.
No. 5. My answer to the letter referred to as No. 4.
No. 6. A letter from Brig. Gen. Wade Hampton, on the same subject.
No. 7. My answer to the letter referred to as No. 6.
No. 8. The report of Lieutenant Smith, First North Carolina Cavalry,
of the rebel army, to General Hampton, of the capture of the 6 men of
his picket.
I beg leave to report that, after my refusal to surrender the prisoners,
Captain Cowles, of the rebel army, who handed me in person the letter
marked No. 6, said that he was directed by General Hampton to re-
quest me, in case of my refusal to deliver up the prisoners, to forward
the matter for the consideration of your headquarters, which I accord-
ingly do. 1 still hold the prisoners..
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN It. KENLY,
Brigadier- General, Maryland Brig., Comdg. at Williamsport.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS,
Asst. Adjt. Gen., Army of the Potomac, Washington.
[Inc1o~ure No. 1.]
HEADQUARTERS,
Williamsport, Va., October 29, 1862.
I have the honor to report that Brigadier-General Averell, command.
ing First Brigade of Cavalry, arrived at my post at this 1.30 p. m. After
making known to me his object, and upon consultation, it was detel-
mined to attempt the capture of the enemys pickets on the opposite side
of the river. I ordered Maj. C. H. Russell, commanding squadron First
Maryland Cavalry, to have it done, and it was handsomely effected by
Lieutenant McMachau, of his command, with 15men. About one hour
and a half after the order was given Major Russell, I was informed that a
flag of truce was on the Virginia shore. I sent for Captain Mobley, Sev-
enth Maryland Regiment, provost-marshal of this town, and instructed
him to receive the flag on that shore. It was, however, crossing the river
when he reached the river bank. He received the flag on this shore,
and gave to the officer in charge a letter to L. T. Brien, esq., from his
wife. The officer notified Captain Mobley that the flag of truce did
not cover operations off from the turnpike, and only on it to the party
with the flag; and this he was instructed to say by General Hamp-
ton. After the flag, with its party, had ~rossed the river, Lieutenan
Page 150
150 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. ~XXL
MeMachan dashed from the wood and captured the pickets. No one
with the flag was molested. 1 desire to report to you that when General
Averell and I determined to capture the pickets, neither of us had any
idea that a fl!tg of truce was approaching.
From the prisoners I learned that Hamptons brigade of cavalry, with
a battery or so of artillery, was lying between the river and Martins-
burg. His brigade consists of the First North Carolina, Tenth Virginia,
Phillips Legion, and Cobbs Legion of Cavalry, all of which were re-
viewed by General Stuart yesterday. I have not a doubt that this force
is where it is represented to be.
I beg to report that within half an hour after the capture of the pick-
ets they were replaced from their reserve, which was lying at the time
of the capture some few hundred yards off.
I have the honor to be, & c., very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN II. KENLY,
Brigadier- General, Maryland Brigade.
Lieut. Col. OLIVER D. GREENE,
Asst. Adjt. Gem and Chief of Staff, Sixth Corps, iliagerstown.
[Inclosure No. 2.]
HEADQUARTERS SQUADRON FIRST MARYLAND CAVALRY,
Williamsport, Md., October 31, 1862.
Brig. Gen. JOHN It. KENLY,
Commanding U. S. Forces at Williamsport and vicinity:
SIR: I have the honor to inclose and forward to you the report of
Lieutenant MeMachan, who was sent, according to your orders, by me
to capture the enemys picket, stationed across the river, opposite Will-
iamsport.
I saw the picket captured, and know that the men captured by my
lieutenant had no connection with the party bearing the flag of truce
mentioned by him nor did the flag of truce in any way possible cover
or protect the picket captured..
Very respectfully, yonr obedient servant,
C. H. RUSSELL,
Major, Commanding Squadron First Maryland Cavalry.
[Sub-inclosure.]
WILLIAMSPORT, [MD.], October 31, 1862.
SIR: In accordance with orders received from you on the 29th instant,
I proceeded across the Potomac, with 15 men, on purpose to capture
the enemys picket, stationed on the neck opposite Williamsport.
Crossing the river at Sharpless Warehouse, I kept the woods until I
struck the Williamsport and Martinsburg turnpike, beyond the picket
station. I then dashed down, and succeeded in the capture of the en-
tire picket (6 in number). At the same time I came in contact with a
party of the enemy bearing a flag of truce, which I permitted to pass
unmolested.
I knew nothing of the flag of truce until I surprised it in dashing
down upon the picket, nor did any one in the Federal service know any-
thing of it until I was too far on the excursion to be recalled.
Most respectfully, your obedient servant,
HENRY McMACHAN,
Commanding Company I, First Maryland Cavalry.
Maj. CHARLES II. RUSSELL
Page 151
~ThAP. Xx~t.~ CAPTtJflE OF CONFEDERATE PWKETS IN MD. 151
(Inclosuro No. 3.]
Williani II. Johnson, from Ashe County, North Carolina, private
Company A, First North Carolina Cavalry.Had been sent after forage,
and was looking over the river to Williamsport, and was just going to
start back when captured. Christian Burkett was with Johnson after
forage. The other men were regular pickets, and on duty when captured.
Christian Burkett, Ashe County, North Carolina, private Company A,
First North Carolina Cavalry.Was regularly detailed for picket, but
was not on post when captured. Had been after forage with Johnson,
and was looking over the river when captured.
A. J. Miller, Ashe County, North Carolina, private Company A, First
North Carolina Cavalry.Regularly detailed for picket duty, and was
on I)ost with J. S. Parsons when captured. Our whole company was
on picket duty that day. James Ray and S. C. Parsons coming to the
river when captured.
John S. Parsons, Alleghany County, North Carolina, private Coin-
pally A, First North Carolina Cavalry.Was regularly detailed for
l)icket duty, and was on post at the time captured. A. J. Miller was cap-
tured on post at the same time. S. C. Parsons and James Ray were
coming to relieve us when they were captured.
James Ray, Ashe County, North Carolina, private Company A, First
North Carolina Cavalry.Was regnlarly detailed for picket (luty, and
was on my way with Solomon [C.] Parsons to relieve John [S.] Parsons
and [A.] J. Miller, who were on post at the time of our capture.
Solomon C. Parsons, Company A, First North Carolina Cavalry.Was
regularly (letailed for picket duty, and was on my way with Ray to re-
lieve the party on post when captured. Miller and John S. Parsons
were on the post we were to relieve.
[Indorsement.]
The statements made within are the correct statements made by the
l)arties themselves this day in relation to their capture whilst on picket
duty.
1~D. M. MOBLEY,
Captain, Provost-Marshal.
WILLJAMSPORT, VA., November 1, 1862.
[Thelosure No. 4. Not founa.]
[Inclosere No. 5.]
HEADQUARTERS,
Willianzsport, Va., October 30, 1862.
Brig. Gen. WADE HAMPTON:
GENERAL: I fear that you have been misinformed as to the facts
attending the capture on yesterday of 6 cavalrymen belonging to your
command. I desire to say to you, general, that I had ordered the capture
of your pickets more than one hour before the party bearing the flag caine
insight, andt hat my party was over the river to effec.t the capture for
iiearly the same length of time before the appearance of the truce party.
The l)iCkets were taken in full view of many persons. Two of t he
captured men were taken on the field, but one of them admitted her
Page 152
152 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
that he rode toward the flag to claim its protection, but was not of the
party. All who came over were respected.
I examined three of the men, and not one of them claimed that he was
of the flag party, and your note of this morning gives me the first inti-
mation that any one of the prisoners was not on post or on the relief, or
acting as courier to the pickets.
From the tenor of your note, a misunderstanding must have occurred
between the party in charge of the flag and my officer. He reported to
me that be had written down at the time the language used by him,
which was that he was instructed by you to say, that the flag of truce
did not cover operations oft~ from the turnpike, and only on it to the
party with the flag. This was read by me before I knew of the success
of my party over the river. I believe, general, that the men were fairly
taken. Unquestionably the pickets were, and I must hold them.
If, upon examination, I find that one of these has a shadow of a claim
to the protection of the flag, I will release him.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN R. KENLY,
Brigadier- General, Commanding at Williamsjport.
I Inclosure No. 6.]
HEADQUARTERS,
Martinsburg, [Va.], November 1, 1862.
Brigadier-General KENLY:
GENERAL: I beg to acknowledge your letter of the 30th ultimo, in
reference to the 0 men who were captured on the day previous. As I
desired to obtain the fullest information as to all the facts attending
this capture, I have delayed my answer to your letter until I could
procure from Lieutenant Smith, who bore the flag of truce, a statement
of the affair. This paper you will flud inclosed, and I hope that it will
induce a reconsideration of the determination you express not to deliver
up the captured men.
Thd fact that you had ordered an attempt to capture the pickets be-
fore the flag came in sight does not at all chatige the aspect of the
affair. My understanding of the conditions of the truce was, that in
the first place no one should be entitled to the protection of the fl~g
but the party along with it; and, in the next, that all operations on the
road by which this flag was transmitted (the Williamsport pike) should
be suspended.. In other words, that a truce extended during the pas-
sage of the flag on the Williamsport road. There can be no question
but that the capture of these men would have been entirely unauthor-
ized, and contrary to all the laws which govern flags of truce, if no noti-
fication had been given by me as to what I regarded as the limits of the
ground protected by the truce. Had no limits been assigned, all opera-
tions on the line would have ceased. lint knowing the extent of this
line, and that a party of my men were on a scout, I feared that by some
accident there might seem to be on my part a violation of tliie sacred
obligations which guard a flag of truce. To prevent this, I gave the
notice that the truce extended only to the Williamsport pike; operations
elsewhere not to be governed by it. The fact that the pickets were
not literally on the pike is a matter of no consequence. Their post was
on the Williamsport road, opposite the town, and if they were in the
edge of the field, it was only for the purposes of better observation.
The men all saw the flag of truce, and they supposed its presence was
a protection
Page 153
CHAP. ~Z~t1 OAPIUgE Ot t~ONVEDERA1~E PICICETS IN Mb.
15~
I send Captain Cowles to present this dispatch to you, and I trust
that you will acquiesce in the justice of my demand for the release of
the prisoners.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WADE HAMPTON,
Brigadier- General.
[Inclosure No. 7.]
HEADQUARTERS,
Williamsport, Va., November 1, 1862.
Brig. Gen. WADE HAMPTON:
GENERAL: I am too young a soldier to discuss with you the points
embraced in your communication to me of to-day. Recognizing to their
fullest extent all the sacred obligations which guard a flag of truce, and
solicitous to learn what they are, I shall hold the prisoners captured, by
my order on the 29th ultimo, until I am advised in the premises by the
Commander-in-Chief of the Army of the United States, to whom I shall
submit the facts.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN B. KENLY,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Post.
[Inclosure No. 8.]
OCTOBER 31, 1862.
SIR: I have the honor to submit the facts concerning the capture of
6 mcii under my charge on picket on the Williamsport pike near the
Potomac:
In pursuance to your order to Captain Cowles, I was detailed, with 6
of my men, to bear a flag of truce to Williamsport, escorting two ladies
and one paroled prisoner. I was met by a captain and lieutenant of the
Federal Army. I at once made the communication you ordered, viz,
that the flag should interfere with operations on the pike only. This
done, the baggage belonging to the ladies was put out on the bank of
the river, and the paroled prisoner delivered to the captain. The cap.
tam said he should send some of his men across the canal for the bag-
gage, and should claim protection under the flag against the fire of our
pickets. I assured him that his men should not be molested in the dis-
charge of that duty. I recrossed the river, and just as I got to my out-
side picket post, I was met by a party of Federal cavalry, who at once
demanded the surrender of the pickets. At the same time they dashed
upon my party and commenced examining the escort for arms. They
halted two of the escort, who were in the rear, to whose relief I had to
go before they would let them pass. The men they captured were
picketing the pike, a part of them on post, the others going to relieve
those who were on post. The 1)ost was some 60 yards from the pike,
commanding a better view of the crossing of the river than could be had
on the pike.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN L. SMITH,
Lieutenant Company A, First North Carolina Cavalry.
General HAMPTON
Page 154
154
OPLPATIONs IN N. VA., W. VA,, MD., ANP PA. [t~iTAr.~XkI,
OCTOBER 29, 1862.Skirmish near Petersburg, W. Va.
T& ~POT~TS.
No. 1.Brig. Gen. Benjamin F. Kefley, U. S. Army.
No. 2.Li~ut. Col. James Quirk, T~vcnty-third Illinois Infantry.
No. 1.
Reports of Brig. Gen. Benjamin P. Kelley, U. S. Army.
CUMBERLAND, Mm,
October 29, 186210.40 m in.
I ordered Lieutenant-Colonel Quirk, of the Twenty-third Illinois, to
take the iRinggold Cavalry and two guns of Rourkes battery and pursue
the party that took the cattle in Hardy County. lie left New Creek
last night at dark. By a rapid maroh all night, he overtook the enemy
at daylight this morning, attacked him, recaptured 170 head of cattle,
and took 16 prisoners and 20 horses.
B. F. KELLEY,
Brig. Gen. IR. B. MARCY, Brigadier-General.
Chief of Staff.
CUMBERLAND, Mn.,
October 29, 186210.40 p. in.
A cavalry force came into Hardy County night before last and stole
a large lot of cattle, and started them for the rebel army. I ordered
Lieutenant-Colonel Quirk, of the Twenty-third Illinois, to take the cav-
alry at New Creek and two guns of iLlourkes battery and pursue them.
He moved last evening, and, by a rapid march all night, overtook the
enemy this morning at (laylight, attacked him, captured 170 head of
cattle, and took 16 prisoners and 20 horses.
B. F. KELLEY,
Brigadier- General.
Major BAscoi~I,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
No. 2.
Report of Licut. Got. James Quirk, Twenty-third Illinois Infantry.
HEADQUARTERS IRISH BRIGADE,
Camp Jessie, New Greek, Va., October 30, 1862.
CAPTAIN: One hour after the reception, and in pursuance of orders
from brigade headquarters, JI left this camp at 5.30 p. in., in command
of Company A, Lieutenant Hart; Company C, Captain Young; Com-
pany D, Captain Work; hIm ggold Penn sylvania Cavalry, numbering
150 men, and one section of ~ battery, commanded by Capt.
John Rourke.
I arrived with my command at Greenland Gap (21 miles) at 11 p. in.,
where I was informed that the enemy (Stuarts cavalry), 400 strong, wit
Page 155
CHAP. X~I.] OPEI~AJ2IONS IN AtYCtTSTA COtJNTY, FA~C. 155
about 200 head of cattle, crossed the mountain, near Greenland, at 2
oclock that afternoon. We then immediately advanced in pursuit
through the gap, along the Hidgeville road, determined, if possible, to
intercel)t them before they reached the crossing of that road, 5 miles
from Petersburg. When we arrived within 3 miles of the crossing, I
halted the detachment, and sent forward Lieutenant Hart and 10 of his
men to ascertain whether the enemy had passed the crossing, and ascer-
tamed, from a reliable source, that the enemy, consisting of from 300 to
500 of Stuarts cavalry (Lees brigade), were encamped within 2 miles,
back of the crossing, on the other road.
At daylight we advanced upon the enemy, and, when within 700 yards,
I ordered Captain Rourke to the front with his guns, when a few well-
directed shot and shell, fired by Captain Rourke in pecson, threw the
enemy into confusion, and caused them to flee into the woods. I then
ordered the cavalry to charge, which order was promptly and gallantly
execute(l, ~)articularly by Company A, Lieutenant Hart. After 16 of
the enemy were captured, being unable to find any more of them, I
ordered the cattle to be collected and driven, with the greatest possible
dispatch, toward our own camp, especially as I was apprehensive of an
attack by Imboden, who was reported with a force of 700 men at Peters-
burg, only 5 miles distant.
I am glad to inform you we met with no loss, while that of the enemy
is known to have been at least 3 men killed and 16 taken prisoners, and
we captured 19 horses and 160 head of cattle.
I have been informed by one of the prisoners that the enemys force
consisted of 2 picked men from each company of Lees brigade of Stuarts
cavalry.
The success of the expedition is owing to the rapidity of our move-
ments (we having advanced some 35 miles during the night), and to
the cheerful and active co-operation of the officers and men comprising
the detachment.
Lieut. Johti A. Ayres, of my regiment, acting adjutant of the detach-
ment, rendered me valuable and effi~ient aid.
This report is respectfully submitted.
I am, captain, very respectfully, yours, JAMES QUIRK,
Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding.
Captain MELVIN,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
XOVEMDE1~ 5~l4,1862.*~~.Operations in Augusta, Bath, and Highland
Counties, Va., and Pendleton and Pocahontas Counties, W. Va.
Report of Brig. Gen. Robert H. Milroy, U. k. Army.
HuTT ONSVILLE~ VA., November 14, 1862.
Just arrived here on my return from Monterey, Huntersvilhe, Mc-
Dowell, and Franklin. Have swept the counties of Highland, Poca-
hontas, Pendleton, and parts of Augusta and Bath. Captured 45 pris-
oners, including 3 captains and 1 lieutenant; also 75 head of cattle
dfl(l 25 horses.
* See, November 814, 1862, Imbodens expedition from Hardy County into Tucker
County, \\T Va., pp. 156160
Page 156
156
OPEPATIONS IN N. VA, XV. VA., MD., XNP PA. VThAP. XXXI.
Colonel Latham, with 500 men, still after Jmbodeii. Balance of troops
on expedition will be here this evening. The One hundred and twenty-
third Ohio here. The Second and Tenth Yirginia and One hundred and
sixteenth Ohio and batteries at Beverly. All this country to the Shen-
andoah Mountains clear of rebels and guerrillas. One regiment, three
companies of Mountain iRangers, and one battery will be sufficient to
hold this country, from Monterey to Sutton. I can take nine regiments
and two batteries to Cumberland. Shall I do so ~? Second Lieut. Mark
Poore is acting ordnance officer for my division. Clear, pleasant day
here.
B. II. MJLTtOY,
Brigadier- General.
Major-General Cox.
NOVEMBER 814, 1862.Imbodens expedition from Hardy County into
Tucker County, W. Va., and capture of Saint George.
REPORTS.
No. 1.Col. J. D. Iruboden, First Virginia Partisan Rangers, with congratulatory let-
ter from General Lee.
No. 2.Brig. Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley, U. S. Army, of the capture of Saint George,
W. Va.
No. 1.
Report of Gol. J. D. Imboden, First Virginia Partisan Rangers, with
congratulatory letter from General Lee.
CM~iP WASHINGTON,
On Shenandoah Mountain, November 18, 1862
GENERAL: Having received some overcoats and blankets for my men
on the night of the 6th instant, I set out from my camp on South Fork,
in Hardy County, at 2 p. m. on the 7th, for Cheat River Bridge, on the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. It was snowing hard at the time. I
reached the eastern base of the Alleghany, 6 miles north of the mouth of
Seneca, at midnight and halted until daybreak. I then began the ascent
of the mountain with 310 well-mounted men, expecting to reach Saint
George, 38 miles distant, early in the night of the 8th. Our only road
was an obscure and rarely used cattle-path, leading directly across the
main Alleghany and along the southern border of the famous wilder-
ness, known as Canaan, and from Red Creek and the Blackwater to the
Dry Fork of Cheat. We were compelled to walk and lead our horses
entirely across the mountain, the snow-storm continuing iii unabated
violence all day. So formidable were our difficulties, that night over-
took us on the Dry Fork, only about 18 or 20 umiles from our starting-
place in the morning. I was compelled to halt aimd await the rising of
the moon. Precisely at midnight we remounted our horses, and at the
moment of starting met a gentleman of high respectability, a resident
of Tucker, who gave me the startling intelligence, afterward fully veri-
fled, that a regiment of Yankee infantry, 600 strong, had that day passed
up Dry Fork toward Seneca, and were then encamped 8 or 10 miLes in
my rear, they having gone up Dry Fork as I came down Red Creek, and
that Milroy had gone with 4,000 men from Beverly toward Monterey.
I hesitated about going forward, knowing that my escape from the cou
Page 157
CHAP. XXXI.] IMBODENS CAPTURE OF SAiNT GEORGE, W. VA. 157
try would be extremely difficult, perhaps impossible, as soon as it was
known to the enemy that I was there; but my horses being too much
exhausted to return without being fed, I resolved to press on to Saint
George, surprise and capture Captain Hall and his company stationed
there, procure supplies, and then determine my future course. The
snow and sleet storm still raged furiously and impeded our progress
greatly, but I succeeded in reaching Saint George just after day-break
on the 9th, dismounted nearly all my men, surrounded the town, and
after the exchange of a few shots, with no damage to either side, Capt.
William Hall, commanding Company F, Sixth [West] Virginia Regi-
ment, U. S. Army, surrendered unconditionally. He had but 31 effective
men, armed with the best Enfield rifles. He was quartered in the court-
house, a new brick building, with the doors and windows strongly barri-
caded with logs, and might have given us a good deal of trouble. Not
being able to bring the prisoners away, I paroled them all, and have
sent the certificate direct to the adjutant-general. The arms and equip-
ments I brought away safely, and some of my men being badly off for over-
coats and blankets, and the weather terribly severe, I took those the
prisoners had and supplied my men, and thus far retaliated for the burn-
ing done by the enemy at Cacapon Bridge in October.
My horses now began to show great distress, and my captains, with a
single exception, opposed going anyfarther. I, moreover, ascertained be-
yond a doubt that the Union people above Saint George had dispatched
two messengers to Beverly, where Milroy had left about 2.000 men. I
had but two routes to escape by. One was to go forward to Rowlesburg,
destroy the railroad bridge, and cross over into Pennsylvania, and attempt
to get back to Virginia by a road crossing between New Creek and Cum-
beriand, and take the chances of escaping Kelleys large cavalry force in
Hampshire and Hardy. I believed this to be utterly impracticable in
the broken-down condition of our horses, and on account of the snow,
which enabled the enemy to track us. The other route was to return to
the Dry Fork and fall in the rear of Milroy, and follow him until I
reached a point where I could pass him in the night. 1 believed this to
be the only psssible means of saving my little command, especially as I
knew that Kelley would be on the qui vive for me at every pass in his
vicinity, as subsequently turned out to be the fact. Another cause of
hesitancy about advancing was the fact that the snow-storm had delayed
my arrival at Saint George twelve hours beyond what I expected, and
would have made me arrive at Rowlesburg late in the evening, where I
could do nothii~g in the darkness of the night, and by morning re-enforce-
ments would be there from New Creek or Clarksburg, to drive me back
up Cheat River, to be cut off by the troops from Beverly. I, therefore,
at 10 a. in., begau to retrace my steps, and by 9 oclock at night I crossed
Dry Fork, below the mouth of Gladt~ Creek, and halted until midnight,
when I resumed the march along a path up Glade Creek, which I had
cut through the wilderness in my expedition of last August.
At 4 p. m. I reacJied a place 10 miles east of Beverly, and there spent
the night of the 10th. This was the first nights rest for men or horses.
At this place a man came into camp who had been in Beverly that day,
through whom I learned that there was high excitement at Beverly, and
that my force was reputed to be large, and to consist of infantry and cav-
alry. I also learned that Milroys baggage-train was probably at Camp
Bartow, on GreenbrierRiver, and resolved to attack it and escape through
Pocahontas and Bath by flanking him. With this view, I set out through
the unbroken forest on the morning of the 11th, and traveled all day, by
the aid of a mountain guide of great skill and a compass, on the cours
Page 158
158 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXi.
of south 350 east, reaching a settlement about 5 p. in., at a place called
the Upper Sinks, on the head-waters of Greenbrier, and 11 miles distant
from Camp Bartow.
On the morning of the 12th, 6 of my horses were unable to proceed
farther, and were left with a careful man to bring them away in eight or
ten days, the riders agreeing to follow on foot. The day was dark and
rainy when I set out for Camp Bartow, relying on guide and compass
to get through the wilderness. Before noon my guide was bewildered,
and we were lost in one of the darkest and most impenetrable pine
forests of the Alleghany. After accomplishing but 4 miles, I was
compelled to retrace my steps to our old camp at the Sinks.
On the morning of the 13th, the sun shone out bright and cloudless,
bnt I knew it was then too late to go to Camp Bartow, so I set out to
cross the Alleghany by a path that strikes the head of the North Fork
about the Pendleton and Highland line. At 3 p. Th. I emerged from the
wilderness, sending 2 men in advance to gain intelligence of the enemy.
From a citizen and a prisoner, a few hours before discharged by Milroy
at Hightown, in Highland, I ascertained that he had that morning fallen
back toward Camp Bartow in great haste, to intercept me, sending his
cavalry down toward Huntersville to head me off if I should have passed,
and that Colonel Latham, with 500 infantry and two field guns and about
30 cavalry, was at Circleville, 6 miles below, on the lookout for me in
that direction, and that his scouts had just gone down the road from
Crab Bottom. I also learned that about 1,300 men had moved a few
hours before from the forks of waters down the South Brancli toward
Franklin. All these statements were afterward found to be true. I
halted an hour at the first house, and gave my weary horses the first
grain they had tasted since the 9th, and about sunset struck into a path
leading across a high mountain in rear of Latham, and about 10 p. m.
I came upon a camp of the 1,300 men who had gone down South Branch.
The fires were still burning, but the men had left a few hours before. I
followed them toward Franklin until I reached a gap, which enabled
me to cross over to the South Fork, where I halted at 3 oclock in the
morning, and then learned the facts iii regard to the fight my infantry
under Lieutenant-Colonel [R. L.] I)oyle had had with Kelleys forces on
the morning of the 9th, of which he has sent you a report.
On the 14th I reached Augusta Springs, through North River Gap.
I know that I have trespassed greatly on your time, aiid feel conscious
that in results this expedition is comparatively insigiiificant; but the
original object of the undertaking was so important that a failure to ac-
complish it, when seemingly within my reach, requires,~to justify it, a
full statement of all the facts. These I have given you, as briefly as
possible. Had I been informed of Milroys movements before I left
Hardy, I should never have crossed, the Alleghany. As it was, I think
I should have succeeded but for the snow-storm, which lasted three days,
and caused much suffering to men and horses. Our escape, nuder all
the circumstances, without the loss of a man, is felt and acknowledged
by all to be truly providential. Except the identical route we came
there is no other pass in which I would not have encountered largely
superior forces, and almost certainly have lost all my horses, even if
my men had escaped on foot. I am now informed that every avenue of
escape from Circleville to INew Creek was strongly guarded by the joint
forces of Milroy and Kelley, and that the former fell back from Highland
to insure our capture and protect his train. If you are familiar with
that country you will not be surprised to learn that it will be several
weeks before my horses regain their strength and vigor
Page 159
CHAP. XXXI.] IMBODEN S CAPTURE OF SAINT GEORGE, W. VA. 159
I have no doubt now that Milroys original purpose was to move
secretly and rapidly to this point, seize Shenandoah Mountain, and, if
he ibund the way open, make a dash upon Staunton and destroy the
railroad and stores at that post. For ten days before he left Beverly,
he had stopped all communication across Cheat Mountain in this direc-
tion. His movements as far as Highland were very rapid when he heard
of our being in his rear. He then fell back precipitately. He arrested
everybody as he came east, but discharged many citizens the day he fell
l)ack. He surprised and captured Captain [XV. II.] Harness and S of
his cavalry on Jacksons River. These, together with 12 or 15 citizens,
are all the prisoners he took away. He burned some houses in High-
land and plundered the people of all the horses and cattle he could
find. In a day or two I will give you further intelligence in regard to
him.
Apologizing again for the great length of this report and letter, I am,
general, most sincerely and respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. I). IMBODEN,
Colonel, Commanding First Virginia Partisan Rangers.
Lient. Gen. THOMAS J. JACKSON.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
November 26, 1862.
Lieutenant-General THOMAS J. JACKSON,
Commanding, dye.:
GENERAL: I have received and read with much interest the report
of Cob J. D. Imuboden of his operations during the late expedition to
Cheat River Bridge. i appreciate the extraordinary difficulties encount-
Cre(l by Colonel Imboden and commend the energy and skill displayed
l)y him in the management of his command. Although the principal
object in view could not be accomplished, the undertaking was attended
with valuable results. You will l)lease communicate what I have sai(l
to Colonel Imboden, and inform him that it is my (lesire that he will
iiot lose sight of this important enterprise, and that I hope on some
future occasion his efforts will meet with the success they deserve.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
It. E. LEE,
?leneral.
No. 2.
Report of Brig. Gen. Benjamin P. Kelley, U. S. Army, of the capture of
Saint George, W. Va.
NOVEMBER , 1862.
MAJOR: I have the honor to report to the general commanding the
district, that, on the 9th instant, the rebel Colonel Imboden, with a force
of about 300 infantry, made his appearance at Saint George, Tucker
County., Va, garrisoned by a small detachment of my troops, con sist-
ing of Capt. William Hall, Company F, Sixth Virginia Infantry, and 33
enlisted men.
The enemy appeared about 7 oclock in the morning; sent in a flag of
truce to Captain Hall, demanding an unconditional surrender of his
cemmand~ Captain Hall requested ten minutes for consideration, an
Page 160
160 OPERATIONS iN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
was allowed five. Finding every avenue for retreating in the posses-
sion of the enemys pickets, and snrrounded by a much superior force
he deemed it advisable to comply with Colonel Imbodens summons, and
accordingly surrendered, as follows: Of the whole number composing
the detachment, Captain Hall and 28 of his men took a parole not to
take up arms until regularly exchanged.
Jmboden also took possession of all the arms, oil-cloth blankets, over-
coats, cooking utensils, 1 horse and bridle, and about 530 rations.
Captain Hall represents the force of Colonel Imboden as being well
armed and clothed. The arms in their possession were principally
Sharps breech-loading i-ifies.
Inclosed please find a list of the names of those taken prisoner and
paroled.* Three of the men were overlooked and did not sign the
parole. Those paroled are ordered to report at Camp Chase, Ohio.
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
B. F. KELLEY,
Brigadier- General.
Maj. G. M. BAscoM, Asst. A djt. 0cm, Charleston, Va.
NOVEMBER 9, 1862.Reconnaissance from Bolivar Heights to Rippon,
W. Va.
Reports of Brig. Gem Joint W. Geary, U. ~. Army.
iIIPPON, S~x MILES ruo~i BERRYViLLE, VA.,
November 9, 18621.15 p. in.
GENERAL: My researches show that both the Generals lull and Geit-
eral Jackson have crossed the mountains at Front Royal, leaving on this
side five regiments of cavalry and eight or ten pieces of artillery, l)art
of which I have had to cofltCll(l with to-day. Considerable infantry is
also said to be beyond Berry rule. Having no cavalry, and being coin-
l)elled to move with the greatest caution, I conclude that my advance
thus far accomplishes for the present the object of the reconnaissance,
and I am about to return.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JNO. W. GEARY,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
Major-General SLOCUM,
Commanding Twelfth Army Corps.
HDQRS. SECOND l)lVIsIoN, TWELFTH ARMY CORPS,
Bolivar Heights, Va., November 10, 1862.
COLONEL: In accordance with the directions of the general command-
ing, of the evening of November 8, for me to make a reconnaissance
with the available force of my division, I started on the following morn-
ing with 2,500 infantry from the three brigades, and two sections each
from Knaps, Hamptons, and McGilverys batteries. At daylight we
reached Halitown, from which vicinity we drove about 50 cavalry pick-
ets, the first encountered. Moving actively forward, we approached a
position but recently occupied by 50 or 60 others in bivouac, about mid-
Nominal list, omitte(l, shows 1 officer and 28 enlisted men captured
Page 161
ChAP. XXXI.] RECONNAISSANCE TO RIPPON, VA. 161
way between Halitown and Charlestown, from which place we routed
the Twelfth Virginia Cavalry. A small force of infantry was in prox-
imity to their rear, south of the town. They retired to each of the nu-
merous successive belts of woods, separated by fields, from which they
were compelled by our artillery and infantry to respectively fall back.
Our want of cavalry was here greatly demonstrated, as, with a force of
mounted men, we could have captured nearly the entire party. We
pushed them under fire rapidly until they reached their place of encamp-
ment, near Rippon, 5 miles north of Berryville, at a strategic point of
the road, where it is crossed by that leading from Bunker Hill. The
camps gave evidence that four or five regiments of cavalry and several
pieces of artillery had been quartered there, corroborative of my previ-
ous information, which announced that Chews and a portion of another
battery had been there several days, and still occupied their positicn.
We vigorously attacked the encaml)ment, pouring in a heavy fire from
several points, compelling them to leave precipitately toward Berry-
ville, leaving their fires burning, bread baking, several unsaddled horses,
and a number of beef cattle. With a cavalry force 1 could have pur-
sued them to Berryville, but an infantry pursuit would have effected
nothing, and, the object of the reconnaissance having been accomplished,
and finding no inducement to prolong the time originally ordered, the
column returned.
My investigations proved conclusively tbat there are not more than
3,000 or 4,000 men in the valley this side of Front Royal. The two Gen-
erals Hill have left the valley and gone southward, by way of Front
Royal. Jackson left Bunker Hill about October 30 or 31, proceeding
to Berryville; thence, on the following (lay, to the vicinity of Millwood
and White Post, and, on the 3d or 4th, to Front Royal. I am satisfied
that the force remaining consists of about five regiments of cavalry, with
about eight pieces of artillery, and the infantry is covered by about three
or four regiments.
The recent raid through Snickers Gap to Snickersville was made by
portions of the troops about Berryville, and those which. were routed -
near Rippon yesterday.
Upon this expedition I was accompanied by Colonel Huger, of the
First, and Brigadier-General Jackson, of the Second Brigade, to whom
I am indebted for much valuable assiStance.
The officers and men exhibited, with but few exceptions, good con-
duct, gallantry, and an alacrity to engage the enemy. The small cavalry
party, 12 in number, is deserving of much praise for the performance of
the duties to which it was assigned.
We returned the same evening, after a round march of 28 miles, ac-
complished with much promptness.
I observed that nearly all the corn within a large circuit had been
consumed by the rebels, and they are still engaged in hauling wheat
and flour up the valley toward Staunton. The country wears a deplor-
able aspect, being devastated almost to the last degree. The inhabitants
are impoverished, and most of them have not the resources to carry them
through the winter, in their present condition.
The hoi-ses, cattle, and other property captured have been duly turned
over to the division quartermaster and commissary. The prisoners have
been delivered to the provost-marshal at Harpers Ferry. Their names
are contained in the appendix.
No casualties occurred on our side, except 1 man of the One hundred
and forty-ninth New York Yoluntee~s accidentally shot through th~
arm.
11 R RVOL ~IX~ PT ~
Page 162
162 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
Hoping the results of the reconnaissance thus submitted may be sanc-
tioned with your approbation, I have the honor to be, very respectfully,
your obedient servant,
JNO. W. GEAIRY,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
Lieut. Col. H. C. RODGERS,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Twelfth Army Corps.
NOVEMBER 9, 1862.Skirmish at Fredericksburg, Va.
REPORTS.
No. 1. Capt. Ulric Dahigren, U. S. Army, Aide-de.Cainp.
No. 2. Proceedings of Confederate Court of Inquiry.
No. 1.
Report of Capt. Ulric Dahlgren, U. S. Army, Aide-de. Camp.
HDQRS. ELEVENTH CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Gainesville, Va., November 10, 1862.
GENERAL: Agreeably to your orders, I started from Gainesville, on
the morning of the 8th instant, to Fredericksbuig, to ascertain the force
of the enemy at that place, and then to examine the Aqnia Creek and
Fredericksburg Railroad on the return. I left Gainesville with 60 men
of the First Indiana, General Sigels body-guard, and went to Bristoc
Station to obtain an additional force of 100 men from the Sixth Ohio
Cavalry; but, finding they had moved to Catletts Station I went to
that point, where we found them. After a slight delay in preparing,
we moved and traveled all night, stopping once an hour or so, to feed
and water the horses. We arrived at Fredericksburg about 7.30 a. m.
Although our object was to be there before (layliglit, it was impossible
to do so, the distance being too great, and the i-oads and the weather
unfavorable. At Fredericksburg I found the river too high to ford at
the regular fording places, and not wishing to expose my men by cross-
ing them in small detachments on a ferry-boat, I sent R. P. Brown, your
scout, to find some place where we could cross, which he soon discov-
ered above the bridge, among the rocks, to all appearances impassable,
but at which place we managed to cross one man at a time. My inten-
tion was to send the First Indiana Cavalry through the town, while the
Sixth Ohio would guard the crossing-place and secure our retreat. After
crossing with the Indiana cavalry, under Captain Sharra, I could plainly
see the rebels gathering together to meet us, and not wishing to give
them time to collect, started for them before the Sixth Ohio were over,
leaving directions for them, and supposing that they would be over by
the time I would fall back, if necessary. We found the city full of
soldiers, who were almost entirely surprised, and made many prisoners,
whom we sent to the ford, where I supposed the Sixth Ohio to be. It
being nearly a mile from Falmouth through Fredericksburg, and not
wishing to run my horses so far, I sent Lieutenant Carr with a detach-
ment ahead, to dash through the town and see where the enemy were
concentrated. Lieutenant Carr gallantly drove several detachments
before him until they reached the main body. Having now found wher
Page 163
CHAP. XXXII SKIRMISH AT FREDERICKSBURG, VA. 163
the enemy were posted, I ordered Captain Sharra to drive them away,
which he did in the most effectual and gallant manner, charging a much
larger force, and driving them whenever they stood. The fighting was
of the most desperate nature, our men using their sabers, and the enemy,
in several instances, clubbing our men with their carbines. While the
fight was going on, it was reported to me that the enemy had possession
of the ford, the Sixth Ohio not having crossed to hold it. On hearing
this, I ordered our men to fall back, and, after a few moments consulta-
tion with Captain Sharra, decided to force a passage; but upon reach.
ing the ford f
charge. , ound they had also left, not wishing to stand another
After seeing the command all over and on the road home I started
with 12 men for Aquia Creek, to examine the railroad to that point,
which we found in tolerable condition, excepting the bridges over the
Potomac and Accokeek Creeks, which we burned. At Accokeek Creek
we captured the enemys picket, of 4 men, our surprise having been so
effectually accomplished that not one of the pickets was aware of our
entering Fredericksburg. The enemys loss was considerable, but it is
impossible to state the exact number. I know of 3 being killed, sev-
eral wounded, and 39 prisoners. Our loss, 1 killed and 4 missing. We
also captured two wagon loads of gray cloth, about to be sent south.
The enemys forces coiisisted of five companies of the Fifteenth Vir-
ginia [Battalion] and three companies of the Ninth Virginia.
I have the honor to be, with great respect, general, your most obedient
servant,
ULIRIC DAIILGREN,
Maj. Gen. FRANZ SIGEL, Captain and Aide-de-Gamjp.
Commanding Eleventh Army Gorps.
[Indorsement.l
flDQRS. DEFENSES WASHINGTON SOUTH OF THE POTo~c,
Arlington, Va., November 13, 1862.
Respectfully forwarded. A very gallant affair. The burning of the
bridges was very unnecessary.
S. P. HEINTZELMAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
No. 2.
Proceedings of Confederate Court of Inquir~f.
GENERAL ORDERS, HDQRS.
No. 9. DEPT. o~ NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
January 24, 1863.
I. Proceedings of a court of inquiry, convened in the town of Fred-
ericksburg, at the clerks office, on the morning of Monday, 12th of
January, 1863, by virtue of the following Special Order:
SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
No. 4. $ January 4, 1863.
* * * * * *
VIII. A court of inquiry, to consist of Col. Williams C. Wickham, Fourth Virginia
cavalry; Major XVallcr, Ninth Virginia Cavalry, and Capt. G. ~. Cuthbert, Secon
Page 164
164 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAr. XXXL
South Carolina Volunteers, will assemble in Fredericksburg, or its vicinity, on Tues-
day, the 6th of January, 1863, or as soon thereafter as practicable, to examine into,
and report, and express an opinion upon circumstances connected with unresisted
Yankee raid of 9th November, 1862, into Fredericksburg, Va.
By command of General Lee:
W. H. TAYLOR,
Assistant Adjutant-General.
II. The court met pursuant to the above order, and, after mature in-
vestigation and deliberation, is of the opinion that there was great neg-
ligence on the part of the pickets in allowing a surprise; that there was
an absolute want of discipline, if not want of courage, evinced upon
the part of the men of the then Fifteenth Battalion; that the officers
seemed to have done tlieir duty in trying to get the men to stand, but
utterly failed.
Captain Simpsons command acted very well in attacking the rear
guard of the Yankees, and driving them back, and the failure on his
part to attack the main body when he had them at the advantage of
being in their rear, and of their being scattered in the pursuit of the
flying men of the Fifteenth Battalion, can only be accounted for by the
fact that that portion of the command had only arrived in town the
night before, and was ignorant of the localities. Some excuse for the
conduct of Colonel Critchers command can be found in the fact that it
had nearly, during the whole period of its organization, been engaged
in provost duty in Richmond, the most demoraliziiig of all cavalry duty;
that its equipment was very indifferent, and that, when relieved of pro-
vost duty, the amount of labor put upon it was such as effectually to
prevent the commander from putting it in a state of discipline. The
behavior of these troops upon this occasion grew, doubtless, out of a
panic, which, under such circumstances, might, and in all probability
would, affect any raw and undisciplined troops.
Respectfully submitted.
WILLIAMS C. WICKIIAM,
Colonel Fourth Virginia Cavalry.
THOMAS WALLER,
Major Ninth Virginia Cavalry.
G. B. CUTIIBERT,
Captain Company I, Second South Carolina Volunteers.
III. The foregoing proceedings and findings of the court of inquiry
are approved, and the opinion confirmed. iNo further action in the case
being deemed necessary, the court is dissolved.
By command of General R. E. Lee:
W. II. TAYLOR,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
NOVEMBER 9, 1862.Skirmish on the South Fork of the Potomac, W. Va.
Report of Brig. Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley, U. S. Army.
MOOREFIELD, HARDY COUNTY, VA., November 10,
Via New Creek, November 11, 1862.
~I left New Creek on Saturday morning, the 8th instant, and, after a
continuous march of twenty-four hours, a distance of about 60 miles,
reached Imbodens camp,* on the South Fork, 18 miles south of this
J~ut see Imiodeus report, p. UAi
Page 165
CHAP. XXXI.) EXPEDITION INTO GRtENllI~IE1~ COtYNTh~. 165
place. at 6.30 oclock yesterday morning. We attacked him at once, and
routed him completely, killing and wounding many of the enemy, cap-
turing his camp, 50 prisoners, a quantity of arms, 350 fat hogs, a large
number of horses, cattle, wagons, & c. The infantry were routed and
t~ntirely dispersed, fleeing to the mountains. Their cavalry were, unfor-
tunately, far away, on an expedition, or our success would have been
complete. We burned their camp and returned to this place this evening.
I have with me a detachment of the First New York Cavalry; the
iRinggold Battalion, under the command of Captain Keys; the Wash-
ington Cavalry, commanded by Captain Greenfield; Rourkes battery,
and three companies of the Twenty-third Illinois Infantry, under com-
mand of Major Moore. The infantry companies are carried in wagons.
My troops cannot be surpassed for patient endurance on the march, or
for gallant bearing when iu action.
Our attack was so unexpected and impetuous that our loss is trifling,
3 or 4 men slightly, and 1 severely, wounded; none killed.
B. F. KELLEY,
Brigadier- General.
Maj. G. M. BAscoM,
Assistant Adjutant-General.
NOVEMBER 911, 1862.Expedition into Greenbrier Coui~ty, W. Va.
Report of Capt. G W. Gilmore.
CAMP SUMMERVILLE, VA.,
November 12, 1862.
Sin: I herewith submit a report of my expedition into Greeubrier
County:
On the 9th instant, proceeding agreeably to order, I bivouacked 3
miles beyond Gauley River.
On the 10th, moving on, I marched all day without interruption, but
learned that General Jenkins, with 2,500 men, in addition to Colonel
IDnuns force, occupied the country before me, stationed as follows:
Colonel Dunns command between Lewisburg and Frankfort; the Four-
teenth Regiment Virginia Cavalry at Williamsburg; one regiment of
cavalry at Meadow Bluff (pasturing horses), with a battalion of 400
cavalry on the Wilderness road as a guard; a small force at White
Sulphur, and General Jenkins, with the remainder of his command, on
Muddy Creek, 8 miles from Lewisburg. I, however, pushed forward until
within 3 miles of Williamsburg, where I came upon a wagon train be-
longing to General Jenkins command. They were encamped for the
night, intending to load with wheat the following day. I surrounded
and captured the whole, consisting of prisoners and property, as fol-
lows: 9 prisoners, named J. L. Evans, captain and acting assistant com-
missary; William L. Evans, wagon-master; 2 wagoners (enlisted men);
3 wagoners (citizens); 2 negro wagoners, and 2 citizens who were pressed
and interested with the grain. The property taken, as follows: 7 wag-
ons, 23 horses, 4 mules, and 24 sets of harness.
After setting fire to and destroying the wagons and the grain, with
the building it was stored in, I set out on my return, meeting Captain
Smith, with his command, on Cherry River, 10 miles from Gauley River
Ford.
I arrived in this camp, with the above prisoners and property, at
Page 166
166 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP.XXXL
p. m. on the 11th instant. I found the roads very bad, impassable for
wagons; grain very scarce; could procure but two feeds for my horses
while gone. The grain destroyed was about 250 bnshels of wheat.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant
G. W. GILMOILIE,
Brig. Gen. GEORGE CROOK, Captain, Commanding Expedition.
Commanding Kanawha Division.
NOVEMBER 1012, l862.Operations along the Orange and Alexandria
Railroad, Va.
Report of Brig. Gen. Daniel B. Sickles, U. S. Army.
HDQRS. SICKLES DIVISION, THIRD ARMY CORPS,
Camp at Jlilianassas Junction, November 12, 1802.
COLONEL: I have the honor to report the operations of my command
since my last communication, dated the 10th instant.
The line of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad is divided into four
principal commands, as follows: First, from Burkes Station to Bull
Run Bridge, including the post at Centreville and a provost guard at
Fairfax Court-House, Brigadier-General Carr commanding. His force
comprises the First Massachusetts, Second New Hampshire, and Twenty-
sixth Pennsylvania. Second, from Bull Run Bridge to Man assas, Third
Brigade, General Patterson commanding. His force includes two bat-
teries occupying redoubts Kos. 1 and 2 at Manassas. Third f Ma-
rom
nassas to Kettle Run, Second Brigade, Col. George B. Hall commanding,
to whom Smiths battery (Lieutenant Nairn commanding) reports. Of
Colonel Halls command, the First and Fifth Excelsior are at Bristoe,
with a battery and supply details for the posts and patrols to Kettle
Run. The Second and Fourth Excelsior and One hundred and twen-
tieth New York form a reserve at Manassas. Fourth, from Kettle Run
to Warrenton Junction, Colonel Blaisdell commanding, Provisional
Brigade, Eleventh and Sixteenth Massachusetts and Third Excelsior,
with Clarks battery. Posts are established at all stations, bridges,
causeways, culverts, and high embankmeuts along the line and the in-
tervals between the posts are vigilantly patroled day and night. Major
Remingtons squadron (127), of Scotts cavalry, watches the fords of the
Occoquan and patrols the roads from the Accotink to Bull Run. Major
Remington reports direct to Brigadier-General Carr, at Fairfax. Major
Stedmans squadron (100), of the Sixth Ohio Cavalry, patrols the princi-
pal roads from Bull Run to Cedar Run Bridge, watching the fords of Cedar
Run. He has a post at Brentsville, and his camp is between Broad Run
and Kettle Run. Of this squadron, 25 men, with a lieutenant, report to
Colonel Blaisdell, at Warrenton Junction, for vedette and patrol duty oii
his line. The cavalry patrols are mainly on the left of the railroad,
toward the Occoquan and the Rappahannock. Colonel Marston, Second
New Hampshire, commanding at Centreville, reports that, of the supply
trains (500 wagons) from Alexandria, for which 1 was directed to furnish
an escort, one train passed through Centreville at noon on the 8th instant,
and two trains, of about the same number each, passed his post at sun-
rise on the 10th instant. Colonel Marston furnished escorts for these
several trains, and they were safely conducted beyond Gainesville,
when the escort was relieved
Page 167
CIIA?. XXXII OPERAPIONS ON ORANGt~ ANI) ALtXANDIUA t~. R.
167
Captain Carr, commanding the escort, heard, from sources, perhaps,
not entitled to much notice, that Jackson was expected to come in our
rear and occupy the old battle-field of Bull iRun. The rumor comes from
citizens and contrabands in that vicinity.
In this relation I may mention a circumstance informally communi-
cated to me by Colonel Marston He was informed by a lady, residing
near Centreville, that, about two weeks ago, two regiments of rebel
cavalry passed to the right of Centrevile and crossed Bull IRan, going
in the direction of Manassas and Gainesville. She saw these troops, and
knew their force and character from the report of ht,r son, who belonged
to one of the regiments.
I respectfully request that an engineer officer be sent here for a day
or two, that I may have the aid of his professional judgment in desig-
nating such of the works in the vicinity as may be most available for
the defense of the place. Some changes will be required in those occu-
pied, and the others it may be thought expedient to destroy.
Brigadier-General Ingalls, chief quartermaster, Army of the Poto-
mac, has relieved Captain Rusling, assistant quartermaster, from duty
as depot quartermaster at Manassas, and ordered him to resume his
duties as division quartermaster.
Colonel Blaisdell, commanding post at Warrenton Junction, reports
that, no guard having been provided for the railroad toward Warren-
ton, he has posted guards at four bridges and three other points in that
direction, the last point being at a cross-road, within 1 mile of Warren-
ton. The commanding officer of these posts reports the railroad in bad
condition between Warrenton Junction and Warrenton, many of the ties
being much injured. Colonel Blaisdell also reports a number of wagon
trains at Warrenton Junction, for forage and quartermasters stores for
the respective divisions of the army advancing toward the IRappahan-
nock, but that no depot quartermaster is there, nor any one in authority
to represent the quartermasters department, and, consequently, the
trains lie there idle, and are not supplied. The commissary department
is established, and the duties performed. I respectfully suggest that
the interests of the service require that a depot qnartermaster should
be immediately sent to Warrenton Junction, to attend to the requisi-
tions for troops now moving in that direction.
I have great pleasure in bringing to the notice of the general com-
manding the energetic and efficient services of Col. William Blaisdell,
Eleventh Massachusetts, and of Colonel Lloyd, Sixth Ohio Cavalry. In
the discharge of their arduous duties these officers, with their respect-
ive commands, have displayed great zeal and activity.
I take leave to allude again to the necessity for some additional regi-
ments for the Third, or New Jersey, Brigade. There are now only 1,900
men for duty out of six regiments in that brigade. General Stockton,
the adjutant-general of New Jersey, informs me that there is no proba-
bility that the State will fill up those regiments. There are several un-
assigned new regiments from New Jersey neai Washington. Of these,
the Fourteenth, Colonel Truex commanding, is at Frederick, or at Mo-
nocacy Bridge. This is said to be an excellent regiment, with good
officers. Also, the Thirtieth, Colonel Donaldson, and the Thirty-first,
Colonel Berthoud; besides the Eleventh, Colonel McAllister. All near
Washington or Alexandria. I respectfully suggest that some of these
regiments be assigned to the INew Jersey Brigade (Third), of this divis-
ion, and that the skeleton regiments, now here, be detached for consoli-
dation and reorganization.
There is a large quantity of seasoned fuel, say 600 or 700 cords, piled
up within my lines. Some of it is near the railroad, and a large qua
Page 168
168 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tCIAl-. Xi~C~U.
tity was cut last year for our service, nuder the superintendence of the
Sanitary Commission. Some disposition should be made of it, I respect-
fully suggest, so that it may not be wasted. There are also about 50()
log-houses, used by the enemy when in winter quarters here. I am
called upon to furnish teams and wagons to haul wood for the use of the
railroad at a~nd near Warrenton Junction. I have furnished them tem-
porarily, as it was reported that the need was urgent. Shall I continue
to do so?
I regret to report that the railroad management on this road exhibits
the lack of executive capacity, or the presence of incompetent agents.
Of this the reports of Captain Ruslino- assistant quartermaster, here.
with transmitted, furnish additional evidence.
Having been informed yesterday that Major-General McClellan would
proceed from Warrenton to Washington by railroad, I directed the troops
of the division to be paraded at their respective posts, and to receive
our late commander with the honors appropriate to his rank. Major-
General Hooker arrived at Manassas about 1 p. in., on his way to War.
renton. Soon after the departure of General McClellans train for
Washington, General Hooker proceeded to his destination, and was re-
ceived at this camp, at Bristoe, and Warrenton Junction with similar
honors.
I am, colonel, very respectfully, your niost obedient servant,
1). E. SICKLES,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
Lient. Col. CHAUNCEY MUKEEVER,
Asst. Adjt. Gen., Headquarters Defenses of Washington.
CORRESPONDENCE, ORDERS, AND RETURNS RELATING TO
OPERATIONS IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA, WEST VIRGINIA,
MARYLAND, AND PENNSYLVANIA, FROM SEPTEMBER 3
TO NOVEMBER 14, 1862.
UNIO~ CORI~ESPONDENcE, ETC.
NEW YORK, September 2, 1862.
Hon. E. M. STANTON, (Received 4.55 i~. in.)
Secretary of War:
Our National War Committee has just passed a resolution earnestly
recommending the Department to recall the militia regiments from this
city which have recently returned from Washington. XVe believe they
will go at a moments notice. This committee will advance any extraor-
dinary expenses necessary. Please answer.
GEO. D. OPDYKE, Chairman.
DAVID DUDLEY FIELD.
CHAS. H. MARSHALL.
A. C. RICHARDS.
CHAS. GOULD.
PETER COOPER.
P. W. WETMORE.
ISAAC DAYTON.
WILLIAM ORTON.
HENRY (1. STEBBINS.
JNO. A. STEPHENS
Page 169
CuAr. XXXI.1 COI~kt~SPONDENCE, ETC.tJNION. 169
WASHINGTON, D. C., S~ptember 2, 1862.
Hon. D. D. FIELD and others, New York:
The New York militia regiments were requested to remain when the
danger was more imminent than at present, but declined to do so.
Under these circumstances they will not be recalled.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief.
[SEPTEMBER 224, 1862.For correspondence between Halleck and
Dix, in reference to re-enforcements from the Peninsula for Army of the
Potomac, see Series I, Vol. XVIII.]
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 3, 1862.
Ordered, that the General-in-Chief, Major-General Halleck, immedi-
ately commence, and proceed with all possible dispatch, to organize an
army for active operations, from all the material within and coming
within his control, independent of the forces he may deem necessary
for the defense of Washington, when such active army shall take the
field.*
By order of the President:
EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
[Indorsement.]
Copy delivered to Major-General Halleck, Septeinber3, 1862, at lop. ni.
E. D. TOWNSEND,
- Assistant Adjutant- General.
WASHINGTON, September 3, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Commanding, & c:
There is every probability that the enemy, baffled in his intended cap-
ture of Washington, will cross the Potomac, and make a raid into Mary-
land or Pennsylvani-~. A movable army niust be immediately organ-
ized to meet him again in the field. You will, therefore, report the ap-.
proximate force of each corps of the three armies now in the vicinity of
Washington, which can be prepared in the next two (lays to take the
field, and have them supplied and ready for that service.
H. XV. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
AQUIA, VA., September 3, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
Have just ordered six regiments of infantry to embark, and hope to
get off everything to-day but one regiment of infantry (and one of cav-
alry as rear guard), to enable us to get the teams. 1~ailroad transpor-
tation if the transports arrive, as I suppose. [Sic.]
A. E. BURNSIDE,
Major- General.
* The original is iii President Lincolns handwriting
Page 170
170 OPERATIONS IN N. VA, W. VA., MD., AND PA. tC1AP. XXXt
AQuIA, VA., September 3, 186210.30 a. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
Have you anything new? Shall I make any different arrangements
from those indicated in my telegram? I have thought it best to remain
here until the last. Do you wish it otherwise? All quiet in our front.
A. E. BURNSIDE,
Major. General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 3, 1862.
Major-General BURNSIDE,
Aquia Greek, Va.:
General McClellan directs me to say that the army has fallen back
in front of Washington. All going well at present. You can carry
out your own plans, but he wishes you to hurry things up as rapidly
as possible.
A. V. COLB URN,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
AQUIA, VA., September 3, 18621 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Washington, D. C.:
It is impossible for us to make a speedy embarkation unless our ves-
sels are returned from Alexandria more promptly.
A. E. BURNSIDE,
Major- General.
UPTONS HILL, VA., September 3, 1862.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant-General:
Major Titus, Twelfth Pennsylvania Cavalry, paroled prisoner,~eports
that on Monday he was near Gum Springs, a few miles southeast of
Aldie. On that day the rebel forces marched past, from 3 a. m. till
- dark, all day. The force was very large. The soldiers said they were
bound for Harpers Ferry. On yesterday he was north of Centreville,
on the Little River pike. Rebels would not let him pass by that road
to Fairfax, but sent him around by Centreville, and thence to Fairfax.
Saw troops, artillery, & c., in the triangle of Little River and Warrenton
pikes(Stuarts cavalry, headquarters at Fairfax). Mr. Boyd, a Treas-
ury clerk, one of the nurses with the wounded, was taken. He reports
the same refusal to allow him to pass along the Little River pike this way,
and they sent him around also by Centreville. He saw lights of camp
along the road for a distance, as he judged, of 2 miles from the point
where he was stopped toward Fairfax. Heard it was Jacksons force.
Lieutenant Schermerhorn, of the Twenty-first New York, an escaped
prisoner, also saw the force between the Little River pike and Warren-
ton pike, and thinks it was the principal body of the enemy. All these
persons are ordered to report at your headquarters, and a careful ex-
amination may be advantageous.
J. D. COX,
[Brigadier. General.
Page 171
CHAP. XXXI.J
C0R1~ESPONDENCE, E1~O.UNION. 171
UPTONS HILL, VA.,
GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN, September 3, 18624.35 p. m.
Major-General, Gommanding:
Lieut. Byron Schermerhorn, Company I), Twenty-first New York Vol-
unteers, has just arrived, having made his escape from the enemy. He
reports the main rebel army as lying on the Little River pike, about 4
miles from Fairfax Court-House. Last night they received orders to
cook three days rations. Their artillery train is said to be very large.
The wagon train is parked near the position of the troops, in rear. The
soldiers all speak of marching to Washington.
JNO. P. HATCH,
Brigadier-General.
ALEXANDRItL~ September 3, 18629.45 a. m.
President LrNcOLN:
Since the abandonment of Fairfax we are cut off from all sources of
information. We are not operating any portion of the Orange and
Alexandria Railroad, but are preparing to send supplies by the Loudoun
and Hampshire Railroad. Everything quiet about Alexandria. No
firing heard. I would send out an engine if there was prospect of ob-
taining information thereby, but there is none.
H. HAUPT.
HEADQUARTERS THIRD CORPs,
Washington, September 3, 186211.30 a. m.
Maj. CHAUNCEY MOKEEVER,
Assistant Adjutant- General:
Please place our troops with the left, on the river, and extending as
far as Sedgwicks division did. Get in the reports and requisitions for
the supplies and equipments they want.
General McClellan will be down in a few hours; meet him at the tele-
graph office.
General Franklin has some orders for me; get them and act on them.
If anything more is wanted, telegraph to me at 275 II street.
S. P. HEJNTZELMAN,
Major- General.
ALEXANDRIA, VA., September 3, 186210 a. in.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
Under instructions, I have just arrived. From the commencement of
the retreat of the army on Little River turnpike, nothing haI)pened to
check the retreat. We received and gave a few shells at Fairfax Court-
House and this side of there. My command consists of Couchs (livision,
Patricks and finks brigades, and Bayards cavalry, with the exception
of a l)ortion of the latter. This corps is awaiting orders.
JOSEPH HOOKER,
Major- General
Page 172
172 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (ChAP. X)~XL
CAMP NEAR FORT ALBANY,
September 3, [1862]7 a. m.
General R. B. MARCY,
Chkf of Staff, Army of the Potomac, Washington:
The Eighth Illinois reported to General Cox last evening, according
to orders. The Eighth Pennsylvania I have ordered to this canp.
Yesterday ten companies of the Sixth Cavalry and ambulance train of
my brigade disembarked, and are now in camp. There are oniy four
companies of the First Cavalry to arrive to complete the Second Bri-
gade.
Please mention to the general that I went to Uptons Hill last even-
ing with a squadron, as directed, and followed him beyond Falls Church.
My detention was due to the roads being blocked up by troops and
wagons coming in toward Alexandria.
The ground I have selected is very good for camping cavalry, but
trains are constantly stopping upon it. Caniiot these teams be ordered
elsewhere I
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
General II. B. MARCY, SEPTEMBER 3, [1862]8.20 a. m.
Chief of Staff, Washington:
At 4.30, my squadron in front of Langley reports between Scotts IRan
and Difficult Creek, at Spring Vale and Dranesville, considerable num-
bers of the enemys cavalry are said to be statione(l. Numbers of Union
men are coming into our lines from that direction, and report the im-
pression is that the enemy is going to cross the Potomac at Walkers
Landing. The river is forded there very easily, and artillery can be
taken over, the bottom being hard. A great number of wagons were
heard going in that direction yesterday. No enemy is reported on the
Langley and Vienna road.
A. PLEASONTON.
ARLINGTON, VA..
September 3, 18629 p. in.
General S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General:
Captain Sears reports that he has, this evening, placed the pickets at
Padgetts Tavern, within 2 miles of the rebel pickets. A rebel captain
and lieutenant delivered to this 70 paroled l)risoners. They report rebels
in force between Annandale and Fairfax Court-House. Arrangements
have been made with Generals Cox and Woodbury to forum corn muni-
cations by patrol on each side, General Woodbury having a strong
picket at Olivet Chapel.
A. W. WHIPPLE,
Brigadier- General.
EDWARDS FERRY, VA,,
September 3, 18621.30 p. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON,
Secretary of War:
If possible, send me one or two pieces of artillery, as they are needed
at this point at present. I crossed over the river this morning. Sa
Page 173
ChAr. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 173
3~ prisoners of war, who were taken from Captain Hunter and Curils
company. They state, also, that Captain Hunter and Lieutenant Mill-
ing and Lieutenant Gallagher are prisoners in the rebels hands, who will
not let them go until they find out whether they belong to General
Popes army or not. There are now in Leesburg one large regiment of
cavalry and one of infantry, and they expect more this evening; so, if
they should come to the river to cross, and I have one or two picces of
cannon, I will assure your honor they shall not come over.
W. II. H. YONTZ,
Captain, Comdg. Company F and Post at Edwards Ferry.
FORT MONROE, September 3, 1862.
General M. C. MEIGS,
Quartermaster- General, Washington:
I have no doubt Colonel Ingalls sickness has much retarded the dis-
charge and return of transports. The first week we had as many as
could be loaded and unloaded; after which many of those best adapted
to our purposes were transferred to other service. Had it not been for
this interruption, everything connected with the Army of the Potomac
would have been embarked in less than two weeks. Yesterday after-
noon a large number of transports again arrived, and last night and to-
day a very large business has been done. There is yet to embark only
4,800 horses, 320 wagolis, and 80 ambulances. If the transports are
~)ro1nptly returned, as I now think from my dispatches they will be, we
can finish on Saturday. JOHN TUCKER,
Assistant Secretary of War.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 3, 1862.
Major-General WOOL, Baltimore, Md.:
The Secretary of War directs that the l)aroled prisoners at Point of
Rocks be sent to Cumberland, and a camp established at that place.
There are strong indications that the enemy intend to cross the Poto-
mac below, and cut off Harpers Ferry.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
POINT OF ROCKS,
September 3, 18629.25 p. m. (Received 9.50 p. in.)
Major-General WOOL, Baltimore:
The l)aroled prisoners are still here, and will remain till morning, for
want of transportation. Reliable information has just been received
here that 400 rebel cavalry came to Waterford at 3 oclock this p. mn.~
and placed the town under martial law, and have posted pickets on
Hillsborough and Lovettsville road. There is also a small force at Lees-
burg, with pickets placed half a mile on this side. It is also reported
that the rebel wagon trains are at Gum Spring, only guarded by about
~i) cavalry.
JOHN FASKIN,
Jieut. Col. Ei~ht~~-serenth ReVt. Ohio I~ols., in CQmmand
Page 174
174 OPERATIONS iN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXL
Hon. E. M. STANTON, BALTIMORE, IVIm, September 3, 1862.
Secretary of War:
From Colonel Miles: Jackson, it is said, is outfianking Pope, and his
army is within 7 miles of Leesburg. He further says that Captain Cole
reports that he was attacked by at least 800 cavalry. I presume this
was in Loudoun County. Captain Means and his company broke and
ran.
JOHN B. WOOL,
Major. General.
HARPERS FERRY, September 3, 1862.
Major-General WOOL:
The Twelfth New York State Militia are greatly dissatisfied at not
being discharged. I recommend to let them go.
D. S. MiLES,
Colonel Second Infantry.
HARPERS FERRY, VA,,
Maj. Gen. ~. ~. HALLECK, September 3, 18628.30 p. in.
General-in- Chief:
Brigadier-General White, with his command,.arrived here from Win-
chester late this afternoon. All my trool)s from Winchester road are
here. Report from Point of Rocks says the enemys cavalry is in Hill-
borough and Lovettsville. A paroled prisoner from Leesburg says he
saw infantry and artillery there this morning, and was tol(l it was a
division of 12,000 men; that their pickets exteiided to Balls Bluff.
1). 5. MILES,
Colonel Second Injantry.
Hon. E. M. STANTON: WHEELING, VA., September [October /J 3, 1862.
It is of the utmost importance that about eight regiments be sent to
Clarksburg, that the rebels on Kanawha may be attacked via Louisville
and the Gauley. They have 10,000 troops and 40 cannon at Charleston,
working and transporting salt east.
F. H. PEIRPOINT.
HE kDQUARTERS,
Washington, D. C., September 4, [1862312.30 p. in.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, (Received 1.45 ~. in.)
Commander-in. Chief:
GENERAL: Banks corps is on the march, per RockvilLe, Poolesville,
& c., to watch and check the enemy should he attempt to cross the Po-
tomac below the Point of Rocks.
Sumner is in position near Tennallytown. Couchs division is probably
by this time concentrated at Chain Bridge.
Have ordered more cavalry and a battery to Edwards Ferry. The
troops are beiiig rested and refitted, as well as circumstances will per-
mit. No time has been lost in doing this. I am not quite well euou~
Page 175
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 175
to ride out to-day, except in case of necessity, but have sent my aides
in all directions. The shelling of the canal-boats is an old amusement
of the rebels; it is probably a pretty strong proof that they do not intend
to cross at Edwards Ferry.
Very respectfully, yours,
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, September 4, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, 6ommanding, ccc.:
Captain Yontz, at 11 a. in., reports that the enemy is shelling boats
at Edwards Ferry. If cavalry and artillery have not already been sent
to that place, send some immediately. No details are given of enemys
forces.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
HEADQUARTERS,
General R. E. LEE, Washington, September 4, 1862.
Or Officer Comdg. Troops in front of United States Lines:
GENERAL: I have sent Surgeon Moore, of the army, with a flag of
truce to the front, accompanied by a burial party, for the purpose of
interring the dead who may lie upon the field of the late battle near
Bull Run. I request the courtesy of your permission to Surgeon Moore
to perform the duties to which he has been assigned.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
AQUIA. CREEK, VA.,
September 4, 1862S p. in.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
By morning I will have loaded all my troops, excepting a rear guard
of one regiment of infantry and about 50 cavalry; also all the teams,
wagons, quartermasters stores, beef cattle, and a large portion of sub-
sistence. There are seven engines and sixty cars; the majority of them
poor. Two of the engines are very good. It would take about four
days to load them if we had proper transportation. The cars should be
loaded on barges, but they have not arrived. The engines could be4re-
moved on ferry-boats. Shall I remain with the rear guard until all are
secured, or shall I destroy them, or shall I leave the commanders of the
rear guard to secure that, that I may at once proceed to Washington?
A. E. BURNSIDE,
Major- General.
AQUTA, VA., September 4, 186211.15 p. m.
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
The last of my command, excepting the rear guard, will soon be off.
I will leave definite instructions with the officer in command and be with
you in the morning. The locomotives shall be saved if possible.
A. E. BURNSIDE,
Major- General, ~Jommandin~
Page 176
176 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
UPTONS HILL, ~
September 4,18622.30 a. rn.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
Evidence accumulates that the main body of the rebels have gone in
the direction of Leesburg.
J. D. COX,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
UPTONS HILL, VA.,
September 4, 18623.45 p. m.
General It. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff;
Some rebel cavalry, with horse artillery, are fceliiig the front of Gen-
eral Pleasontons lines. I sent forward a regiment of infantry and sec-
tion of artillery to snpport him in front of Falls Church. This section
is all I have out of the forts.
J. 1). COX,
Brigadier- General.
UPTONS HILt, VA.,
September 4, 18625.40 p. in.
Col. A. V. COLBURN,
Assistant Adjutant-General:
The rebel force was on the hill just above Pi:nmit Hun, on Leesburg
l)ike. They drove in General Pleasontons pickets to that point. The
movements appear to be a feint. I saw cavalry and two pieces of light
artillery. Should not estimate the force large. General Pleasonton is
supported by Patricks brigade and one regiment of mine. General Pat-
rick has a battery with them. I informed General Pleasonton that it
was not regarded desirable to engage the enemy far in front of this
position. He will keep some cavalry well forward and watch the move
ment. In answer to the generals qnestion, Captain Barnes company,
Fourth New York Heavy Artillery, is in Fort Ramsay, and is strong
enough to man all the heavy guns there. I think it very desirable to
arm Fort Buffalo with, say, 20-pounder Parrotts. I have two 20-pounders
and two 10-pounders in it now, but would like very much to have a bat-
tery of 20-ponnders there besides. If furnished with horses they could
be easily moved and protected.
J. D. COX,
Brigadier-General.
UPTONS HILL, VA.,
September 4, 18626.45 p. m.
A. V. COLBURN,
Assistant Adjutant-General:
The firing upon General Pleasontons command was from, possibly,
three pieces of light artillery. The small-arm fighting was confined
to the head of the enemys column, deployed as skirmishers, with some
dismounted men or infantry, it is not certain which. The pickets of
Pleasontons command, Eighth Lllinoi~ and Eighth Pennsylvania Cay-
alry, skirmished with them. We lost 2 men shot. The force of the
enemy (lid not come beyond the edge of the woods, 14 or 2 miles above
Falls Chnrch, and no large numbers were actually seen. The reports
sent by General Pleasontop were peCessarily those brought in by hi
Page 177
CIIAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 177
men. A regiment of cavalry, with two light pieces, rapidly handled,
would account for all the demonstration I could see with my glass, but
there may have been more. General Pleasontons cavalry being or-
dered away, we shall not have cavalry to scout the country till General
Bufords arrive. Scouts report all quiet toward Fairfax and Little River
pike.
J. ft Cox,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Divi8ion.
CAMP NEAR FORT ALBANY, VA.,
S~ptember 4, 18625 a. m.
Brig. Gen. B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
I have waited here to see the general, who sent me word he would be
here for that purpose some time in the night. Shall be oft~ with what
force I have, viz, Sixth Cavalry and two other companies, as soon as
possible, to Falls Church, from whence I shall scout as directed. My
headquarters will be at Falls Church. It is the best point, for reasons
explained to Captain Custer last night. An express is just in from
Langley, frQm my squadron there. It is scouting toward IDranesville,
and also in the direction of Vienna. No enemy heard from yet. My
expresses have great difficulty in getting through the different com-
mands, being constantly stopped. There is no need of stopping them
within our lines. It will be well. to have the telegraph extended to
Falls Church, and send me some of the Signal Corps, for service ahead
of that point. Lieutenants Clark and Camp, who were with me at
Haxalls, are very good. Please have supplies for iuy command ordered
to be forwarded by railroad to a poiiit opposite Falls Church, where .1
can make my depot.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General of Cavalry.
NEAR FORT ALBANY, VA.,
September 4, 18628.20 a. m.
General iR. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
At 4.30, my squadron, in front of Langley, reports that between Scotts
Ruii and Difficult Creek, at Spring Vale and Dranesville, considerable
nunibers of the enemys cavalry are said to be stationed. Numbers of
Union men are coming into our lines from that direction, and report
thai the impressiou is that the enemy is going to cross the Potomac at
Walkers Landing. The river there is forded very easily, and artillery
can be taken over the bottom by hand. A great number of wagons
were heard going in that direction yesterday. No enemy is reported
on the Langley and Vienna roads.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
FALLS CHURCH, VA.,
September 4, 186212.45 p. m.
General R. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff
Captain Cram, Sixth Cavalry, of scout toward Dranesville, reports,
from Scotts Run, having just sent into General Sigel two of our infantry,
12 R RYOL XIX, PT I
Page 178
178 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAr. XXXI.
taken prisoners yesterday morning on the Fairfax road, and in the
afternoon sent to iDranesville, and brought over Difficult Bi idge at
sunset. The enemys advanced pickets, on the Leesbnrg and George-
town turnpike, are three-fourths of a mile this side of Difficult Creek.
This picket is 15 men strong. At the bridge on Difficult Creek there is
a regiment of Mississippi cavalry, called the Jeff. l)avis Legion. The
paroled infantrymen say they saw three regiments of cavalry, and the
rebels told them they were 15,000 strong, under Stuart and Hampton.
The rebels marched from the Alexandria turnpike to Dranesville, by a
church, the Southern Church, above Youngs toll-gate, and took the
road by Jacksons Mill into the Georgetown turnpike. Difficult Creek
is nearly 3 miles from Scotts Run. Spring Vale is nearly 4 miles be.
yond Difficult Creek. Dranesville is 2 miles beyond Spring Vale. Have
heard nothing yet from scouts in the direction of Fairfax or Vienna.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- Gencral.
FALLS CHURCH, VA.,
September 4, 18621.30 p. m.
Brigadier-General MARCY, Chief of Staff:
The squadron on the Vienna road reports the enemy to b~ approach-
ing from that direction in some force. Had 1 man badly wounded in
skirmish. There is also a force of the Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry,
under the lieutenant-colonel, on same road. My own opinion is, the
enemy is only making a show of force to conceal his movements on the
Upper Potomac. Please let me have the horse batteries promised as
soon as they can be spared.
A. PLEASONTOK,
Brigadier. General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS FIFTH ARMY CORPS,
Halls Hill, Va., September 4, 18624.30 p. m.
Major.General MCCLELLAN:
General Morell reports as follows, from Minors Hill:
The enemy has commenced an attack upon our pickets with artillery, infantry,
and cavalry. I am going to the front. Cannot you have telegraph pushed to Van-
derwerkens to-night?
F. J. PORTER,
Major. General.
HEADQUARTERS FIFTH ARMY CORPS,
Halls Hill, Va., September 4, 18629.30 p. m.
General MARCY:
Chaplain [E. P.] Walton, of Fifth Virginia Regiment, Jacksons forces,
was brought just now from my picket line, having been taken making his
way to his rebel friends. He states lie was captured near Gainesville
and sent in, but not being a prisoner of war, was released to be returned.
He has a pass from Gemieral Wadsworth, dated September 2, to go in
direction of Manassas. Thinking it not prudent that at this time he
should be j)ermitted to pass direct to the enemy, I have retained him,
and ask for instructions,
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General, Commanding
Page 179
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 179
HEADQUARTERS FIFTH ARMY CORPS,
Halls Hill, Va., September 4, 18629.30 p. m.
General B. B. MARCY:
The picket line for the troops was established yesterday on its old line,
running from Barrets to Kerleys [Kirbys]. No picket on the right or
left could be found till today. Those on the left are not out far enough,
and at present do not connect now on the right. I respectfully suggest
that a staff officer be sent along our lines, to establish the picket lines
and the proper connections between corps. I also suggest that the
point hence to Langley is too far for me to guard with my small corps.
I also request that some cavalry may be assigned me, for patrol and mes-
senger purposes connected with the outposts. Stragglers from every
corps line the roads and I would suggest that cavalry patrols be sent
L1~Ofl them, to notify these men how to find their regiments, and to stop
the fast driving of teamsters, now breaking down their animals.
F. J. PORTER,
Major. General, Gommanding.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ WASHINGTON, D. C.,
No. I. September 4, 1862.
Reynolds division, at present serving with McDowells corps, will at
once rejoin Porters corps, relieving Ricketts division at Halls Hill;
The latter will occupy the ground now held by the former.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
[S. WILLIAMS,]
Assistant Adjutant- General.
POINT OF ROCKS, September 4, 1862.
Maj. Gen. JOHN E. WOOL, Baltimore:
The captain commanding at Edwards Ferry reports the enemy in
view, dra.~vn up at Balls Bluff. Messenger just in; in what strength does
not say. John Seiber, just from Leesburg, reports that enemy have
beeii passing fhrough Leesburg since 12 oclock last night up the pike
toward Winchester, under command of Longstreet; that their force is
a very large one. The men were worn out an(l hungry, and said they
were going over the river into Maryland. He said he counted sixty
pieces of artillery. Captain Means hasjust got here. He knows Seiber,
and says he is perfectly reliable. Captain Bamford, of the Maryland
regiment, also knows him to be a Unioii man and reliable.
HENRY B. BANNING,
Colonel Seventy-eighth Ohio Volunteer Militia.
CAMDEN STATION,
Baltimore, Md., September 4, 186211.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECIC
General-in- Chief:
Colonel Miles telegraphs, at 10.12 this p. in., that Colonel Banning,
at Point of Rocks, states that the enemy, 30,000 strong, has passed be-
low Point of Rocks. It is also reported that their cavalry are at Ope
Page 180
180 OPERkTIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXT.
quon, within 3 miles of Martinsburg, indicating a general and heavy
movement. What support, besides the troops under command of Gen-
eral Wool, can be relied upon ~l
J. W. GARRETT,
President Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.
HARPERS FERRY, VA.,
September 4, 186212 noon.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
Major-General WooL, Baltimore, Md.:
I am convinced that the various reports of infantry coming up to Lees-
burg and through Manassas Gap into the Valley of the Shenandoah are
without foundation of truth, originated by the marching of paroled pris-
oners in the direction named. Information from Leesburg this morning
says there is only some cavalry there. A paroled officer Lieutenant
Wells, of Michigan cavalry, informs me that General Fitzhugh Lee was
killed; Ewell lost a leg, and that Colonel Brodhead, Michigan cavalry,
was killed on last Saturday.
B. 5. MILES,
Colonel Second Infantry.
HARPERS FERRY, VA.,
September 4, 18628.20 p. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK:
Cole scouted to-day as far as Lovettsville, in Lotudoun County, with-
out seeing or hearing of the enemy. Captain Foote, Eighth [New York]
Cavalry, has just returned from Charlestown, where he has been on a
scout with a squadron of cavalry. A mile beyond Charlestown he dis-
covered abont five companies of the enemys cavalry, who retired. Soon
after, he was fired on by infantry. He estimated the number of infantry
to be about 2,000. He returned the fire, killing 1 and wounding 2; had
3 horses wounded. A man from Leesburg reports that all day yesterday
the enemys troops were passing through that town westward, but he
did not see any artillery.
B. 5. MILES,
Colonel Second Infantry.
HARPERS FERRY, VA.,
& ~ptember 4, 18628.20 p. m.
Major-Generals HALLECK and WOOL:
Colonel Banning, at Point of Rocks, reports that the enemy has passed
the Potomac south of him in force, and advancing on him.
B. 5. MILES,
Colonel Second Infantry.
HARPERS FERRY, VA.,
September 4, 186210 p. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
Major- General WOOL, Baltumore:
Colonel Banning, 3 miles west of Point of Rocks, reports that he ha
Page 181
CHA?. XXXI.) COPONt4~NCl3~, tIC .tYNION. 18l
abandoned the place; that 30,000 of the enemy have crossed the Poto-
mac, and are marching on him. I have ordered him to halt and obstruct
the road, an(I that I would support hilu.*
D. S. MILES,
Colonel Second Infantry.
BALTIMORE, [September] 4, 186210.30.
Colonel MILES,
Commanding Harpers Perry:
Send the paroled prisoners, as soon as you can obtain cars, to Cumber-
land. General White will either repair to this place or join the Army
of the Potomac; but his troops and supplies will remain at Harpers
Ferry until further orders, and you will dispose of them as circumstances
may require. I have sent a regiment and a sectiou of artillery to Monoc-
acy Bridge. Answer immediately.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
[SEPTEMBER] 4, [1862.]
Colonel MILES, Harpers Perry:
You will retain at Harpers Ferry, Va., all the troops there. Briga-
dier-General XVhite can take his commissary with him, but he will be
assigiied to duty as commissary of the post.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY CORPS,
Baltimore, September 4, 1862.
Brigadier-General WHITE, Harpers Perry:
GET~ERAL: You will repair to Martinsburg, Va., and take command
of the trool)s at and near that station, instead of repairing to this city,
as previously directed. You will adopt the most active and energetic
measures to protect and defend that place and the road occupied by
trool)s under your command. The most sleepless energy is expected.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
BALTIMORE, [September , 1862]10.30.
Col. W. G. WAnD.
[Twelfth Begt. New York State Militia], Harpers Perry:
I thank you for your telegram. Surely your regiment will not desire
to leave at the present, when their general asks theni to remain a few
days. They would not be well received at New York if they should re-
turn at this moment. They would be branded as cowards. I am not
willing that they should lose their good name, when but a few days
delay will entitle them to carry the proud name of brave soldiers. You
and your officers, who consent to remain, merit the thanks of myself
and of the whole country.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
* See Wool to Miles, same date, Part I, p. 522
Page 182
182 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
HARPERS FERRY, September 4, 1862.
Maj. Gen. JOHN E. WOOL, Baltimore:
Your dispatch received. In reply, I must most respectfully but earn-
estly urge that my command be sent home on Saturday next at very
latest. It is, as before urged, of the utmost importance, to enable me
to control my regiment, that a day should be named for their return.
A few days is too indefinite. Please answer, naming the day when they
will be sent home.
W. G. WARD,
Colonel Twelfth New York State Militia.
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY CORPS
Col. DIXON ~. MILES, Baltimore, September 4, 1862.
Commanding at Harpers Ferry:
COLONEL: I have received your dispatch* stating that the report about
the advance of the enemy, as before reported, is unfounded. I under.
stand that Winchester has been abandoned without the approach or
presence of an enemy, and that it has not been occupied by the rebels.
Answer immediately.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
CONFIDENTIAL.] WASHINGTON, September 5, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Commanding, & c.:
GENERAL: The President has directed that General Pope be relieved
and report to War Department; that Hooker be assigned to command
of Porters corps, and that Franklins corps be temporarily attached to
Heintzelmans. The orders will be issued this afternoon. Generals
Porter and Franklin are to be relieved from duty till the charges against
them are examined. I give you this memorandum in advance of the
orders, so that you may act accordingly in putting forces in the field.
Very respectfully,
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief.
WASHINGTON, September 5, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLA~N, Commanding, & e.:
I think there can now be no doubt that the enemy are crossing the
Potomac in force, and that you had better dispatch General Sumner
and additional forces to follow. If you agree with me, let our troops
move immediately.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
ARLINGTON, September 5,186212.05 p. m.
General MARCY:
Your order to have my command ready to march with three (lays
rations received. Please inform me what is my command, and where
it is. General McClellan has ordered my troops to take I)05t at van-
* See Miles to Halleck and Wool, September 4, 12 in., p. 180
Page 183
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.IJNION. 183
ous places, and I have never been notified in a single instance of their
positions. He has communicated directly with them, and I know, and
can know, nothing of their whereabouts. JNO POPE,
Major- General.
ARLINGTON, September 5, [1862]12.05 p. in.
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
I have just received an order from General McClellan to have my
command in readiness to march with three days rations and further
details of the march. What is my command, and where is it? McClel-
lan has scattered it about i~ all directions, and has not informed me of
the position of a single regiment. Am I to take the field and under
McClellans orders?
JNO. POPE,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 5, 1862.
Major-General POPE, Arlington:
The armies of the Potomac and Virginia being consolidated, you will
report for orders to the Secretary of War.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS,
Washington, September 5, 186211.30 p. in.
Major-General McDoWELL,
Or Senior Officer with his Corps, Balls Cross-Roads:
General Cox has been ordered to march as soon as he is relieved by
troops from your command. The commanding general directs that you
at once send a force to relieve his pickets. Please acknowledge receipt
of this dispatch.
iR. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
ALEXANDRIA, VA., September 5, 1862.
General R. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
My regiment is not disembarked. Arrived here after dark. Dont
know whether it would be better to disembark here or at Washington,
but rather incline to the latter. I expect the Fifth United States and
Fourth Pennsylvania to be here to-morrow night. Tidballs battery
will probably be here to-morrow.
WM. W. AVERELL,
(olonel, Commanding.
UPTONS HILL, VA.,
September 5, 18621.30 a. in.
Col. A. V. COLEURN,
Assistant Adjutant. General:
General Pleasonton had gone when I came out. The roads, I am in-
formed, are carefully picketed with infantry, with cavalry vedettes i
Page 184
184 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XX~4.
front, and as I do not know the roads, I shall have to wait for morning
before placing force. The Jersey regiment is on the Leesbnrg pike with
General Patrick, 100 strong. The Pennsylvania cavalry, 200 strong, on
the Columbia pike. The Rhode Island, 450 strong, I shall take over to
Minors Hill, and hold the Harris Light 400, in reserve near Uptons
Hill. They will be posted by the earliest light.
GEG. B. BAYARD,
Brigadier. General, Commanding Cavalry Brigade.
HEADQUARTERS KANAWITA DIVISION,
Uptons Hill, Va., September 5, 18621.25 p. m.
A. V. COLBURN,
Assistant Adjutant-General:
Cavalry scouts on the Leesburg pike rel)ort seeing a picket of 4 caval-
rymen on Court-House Hill at 8 oclock this morning. Four miles out
on Fairfax road from Falls Church no pickets seen, but bugles heard.
Infantry and artillery are reported as moving off last night. Two regi-
ments of cavalry remaining within 3 miles of Falls Church last night,
and moving off this morning.
J. B. CQX,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
FORT LYON, September 5, 18621 p. m.
Major-General HEINTZELMAN, Washington:
You are ordered to hold your command in readiness to march with
three days rations. General Hooker is still here in command, so that I
cannot issue any orders until you arrive.
CHAUNCEY MoKEEVER,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
FORT LYON, VA., September 5, 1862.
Brig. Gen. B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Your dispatch to General Heintzelman has been presented to me.*
It is my duty to report that Kearnys and my division are in no con-
dition to march, and, from their great losses in battle, are in no condi-
tion to engage the enemy. I have lost all of my valuable officers, and
what my division did not lose on James River was destroyed in our late
detour into the country. Kearnys is not much better. All of my bat-
teries, I am informed, have been ordered elsewhere; they are not with me.
JOSEPH HOOKER,
Major- General.
SUGAR LOAF MOUNTAIN, Mm9 a. in.,
Via Frederick, Md3.30 p. m.
(Received September 5, 18626.25 p. in.)
Major-General BANKS,
Commanding Second Corps, Army of Virginia:
The enemy crossed the Potomac at Kolands Ferry last evening.
Pickets of Manisbys r ~gimnent stationed at the aqueduct. After firing
* Not foutid. But see MeKeever to Heintzelman, above
Page 185
CO1fl~ESPOND13~NCE, ETC.UNIO~.
off their ammunition, passed here en route to Frederick. They report that
pickets of an Ohio regiment at the ferry retreated without tiring a gnu.
The river is easily fordable at that point. I can see about 2,000 of the
enemy upon this side, scattered along from the aqueduct to Nolauds
Ferry; judge they are cavalry. Can see two guns in position UI)Ofl
opposite side of the river. Cannot discover the enemy in force at that
point, nor near Leesburg, though such reports are current.
MINER,
Signal Officer, Banks Division.
DARNESTOWN, MD.,
September 5, 186211.30 a. in.
General B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Just arrived, having explored the river road thoroughly. It is picketed
some 4 miles out with infantry, and no attempt will be made to cross
below Seneca. The main part of my force and a battery came to this
place by the way of Rockville. I could not find Bufords cavalry at
Chain Bridge. The Massachusetts regiment is now picketing all the
fords. Longstreet crossed over last night with cavalry, and attacked the
First Massachusetts Cavalry (one company) at Monocacy Ford. They
attempted to make a bridge, to cross artillery, but gave it up. From
what I see of this country, I do not think they will cross the Potomac iii
large force below Harpers Ferry. The Massachusetts regiment report
4 or 5 killed and some 10 or 15 prisoners. Longstreet has returned to
the other side, and the enemy has been shelling Edwards Ferry to-day.
Colonel Carter, Third Indiana Cavalry, has reported with a battery. I
shall send, for the present, one squadron to Poolesville, to examine and
report affairs there.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier. General, Commanding Cavalry.
DARNESTOWN, Mn.,
September 5, 18625 p. m.
General B. B. MARCY:
My pickets at Poolesville report 3,000 infantry on that side of the
river, and that the enemy seems to be massing his troops in the vicin-
ity of Balls Bluff and Edwards Ferry, where he thinks they will cross.
They have taken two or three canal-boats and have blown up the aque-
duct.
A. PLEASOXTON,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Cavalry.
Munn~ BRANCH, BOCKYILLE TU~NPIKE, Mn.,
September 5, 18626.30 p. m.
General B. B. MARCY:
Banks corps has not made its appearance to-day. I suppose it has
taken the river road, which is a very long one. Should it take 1)ost at
Darnestown, I can open the communication to Bockville, but I do not
think the corps can maintain itself at IDarnestown. One of Baiiks staff
officers told me today that his corps is not over 5,000 strong. This i
Page 186
186 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. vA., MD., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXI.
too small a force at that point, with its flank exposed on the Frederick
road. I want more cavalry. Send Averell to me as soon as he can come;
also Tidballs battery. The next two or three days will be busy, and my
cavalry cannot do all the work necessary here.
A. PLEASONTOX,
Brigadier- General.
MUDDY BRANCH, MD.,
September 5, 18627 p. m.
General H. B. MARCY:
Signal officer of Banks corps reports from Sugar Loaf Mountain:
The enemy crossed at Nolands Ferry last evening. The river is easily fordable at
that point. Saw about 2,000 of the enemy on this side, scattered along from the aque-
duct to Nolands Ferry. Think they are cavalry. Saw two guns in position on op-
posite side of the river, at Nolands Ferry. Cannot discover the enemy in force at that
point, nor near Leesburg. Such reports arB, however, current.
A. PLEASOXTON,
Brigadier- General.
MUDDY BRANCH, MD.,
September 5, 186211.30 p. m.
General B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Captain Crowninshield, First Massachusetts Cavalry, just in from
Edwards Ferry, reports no enemy there. Saw dust of enemy at Whites
Ferry, 7 miles above. From direction of dust it is thought the enemy
is moving toward Frederick. He has a large force on this side of the
river. A rebel deserter told Captain Crowninshield that Jackson, Long-
~treet, Smith, and Hill were crossing, and that they had sixty pieces of
cannon, and a force of between 30,000 and 45,000 men. Banks corps is
some 4 miles to the rear of me, on this road, and Sumner was moving
up this evening. My pickets are about 2 miles beyond Darnestown at
this time. Oiiie Captain Chamberlain, of the First Massachusetts C~v-
alry, is missing, and some 21 men prisoners. One killed and 1 badly
wounded in skirmish to-day.
A. PLEASOXTON,
Brigadier- General.
HALLS HILL, VA., September 5, 1862.
General H. B. MARCY:
The enemys infantry again appeared this afternoon on our picket
line in sufficient force to drive in small parties on Barrets Hill. The
enemy boasted of their intention to have and hold it to-day. All quiet
to-night. I had insufficient force to furnish the picket line, hence the
late hour at which I was informed of this approach, the report having
to be brought by footmen. The pickets are about 4 miles out.
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General, Commanding.
HALLS HILL, VA.,
September 5, 186211.50 p. m.
~rigadier-General MARCY:
I request that the picket line in McDowells front be made to connect
with mimine at Ban-cts, on the turnpike, and the old line of last winte
Page 187
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
be re-established. Mine is at Barrets. His commences at the railroad
depot at Falls Church, thus exposing all the roads toward Fairfax to
the l)ossessioll of the enemy, and permitting hitii to come in and cut
behind me before detection. One man was shot in this way to-day. I
have asked General 1\LcDowell to re-establish the old lines, but I think
a staff officer should be sent to do it. The commanding officer on picket
says the enemy have been making much noise with one piece to-day,
by running it about over the roads, as if trying to create the impression
he was going to do something. He says the cavalry are badly posted.
One of them was shot to-day.
F. J. PORTER,
Major. General, Commanding.
HALLS HILL,
September 5, 186212 midnight.
General MCDOWELL:
My l)icket line is now formed, and the left rests on Barrets Hill.
Yours commences at the railroad depot, and runs down the pike to-
ward Falls Church and then crosses. The enemy today came in by
Klocks and can come down the dirt road and cut in behind me unob-
serve(l. May I reqnest of you to re-establish the old picket line of last
winter, connecting with mine on the pike at Barrets HilL? If we do
not hold the latter we may as well retire to Falls Church, and I shall
be compelled to draw in my left. The troops now picketing on this
l)art of your line are new, and a staff officer knowing the ground must
make the connection.
F. J. PORTER.
Major- General, Commanding.
DARNESTOWN, MD.,
September 5, 18629.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS:
I have just returned from Barnesville; found the eLlemys l)ickets
there. Enemy rel)orted to have crossed the river at Monocacy, 30,000
strong. Enemy at Poolesvifle and Sugar Loaf.
W. W. ROWLEY,
Signal Officer.
POOLESYILLE, MD.,
Septe~nber 5, 18621.50 a. m.
Col. L. C. BAKER,
277 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C.:
A captain of the First Michigan Cavalry reports the rebels crossing
the Potomac in considerable numbers at 11 p. in., at the month of the
Monocacy Creek. Have taken several prisoners and killed 4 or 5.
Were building a bridge for their artillery to cross. Will report more
fully to-morrow. Our forces, only 400 or 500, are ready to march from
Edwards Ferry. When will they be re-enforced I I saw clouds of dust
between Dranesville and Leesbnrg, and suppose the rebels or baggage
tra in must have occasioned it. They were moving toward Leesburg.
W. P. THOMPSON
Page 188
188 OPERA~PIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tCITAP. N~C~t.
SPECIAL ORDERS, HDQRS. OF THE ARMY, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE,
No. 223. Washington, September 5, 1862.
* * * * * * *
III. By direction of the President of the United States, Maj. Geii.
Jose1)h Hooker is assigned to the command of the Fifth Army Corps.
The Sixth Army Corps is temporarily attached to the Third, under
Major-Genei.al Heintzelman.
Major-Generals Fitz John Porter and William B. Franklin and Brig.
Gen. Charles Griffin are relieved from their respective commands until
the charges against them can be investigated by a court of inquiry.
The Armies of the Potomac and Virginia being consolidated, Major-
General Pope will report to the Secretary of War as a witness on a court
of inquiry.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major-General Halleck:
E. B. TOWNSEND,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS,
No. 2. Washington, September 5, 1862.
Col. Henry J. Hunt, aide-de-camp, is announced as chief of artillery
at these headquarters, and will be obeyed and respected accordingly.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
HARPERS FERRY, VA.,
September 5, 186210.15 a. m.
Major-General WooL, Baltimore:
I have already telegraphed you this morning, but fear that the enemy
has possession. This will be sent in cipher, and also via Wheeling.
Colonel Banning reports A. P. Hills division (30,000) crossed the Poto-
mac before dark last night; kept crossing aJI night, and are now crossing
at a higher ford, about 3 miles from Point of Rocks. They have cut the
canal at Seven-Mile level. As Bannings force would be cut off if he
stai(l longer, I have ordered him to retreat slowly.
D. 5. MILES,
Colonel Second Infantry.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, BALTIMORE, MD., September 5, 1862.
General-in- Chief:
Colonel Cram, whom I sent np the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad to as-
certain, if possible, the truth of the various rumors and repoits, informs
me by telegraph that 1,00%) cavalry crossed the Potomac 2~ miles east of
Point of Rocks, at4 a. m. Two companies of Colonel Bannings cominaiid,
at Point of Rocks, this morning, about 8 oclock, fired into a rebel picket
of some 200, this side of the river. He is informed that two pieces of
artillery have crossed. Colonel Miles, at Harpers Ferry. reports that a
large force is crossing 3 miles east of Poiiit of Rocks. The telegrap
Page 189
ChAr. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ELTC.UNION. 189
lines appear as yet to be undisturbed. The enemy have cut the canal to
let out water. Reliable persons say the Potomac can be forded at almost
every point. My troops are all new, and unacquainted with the duties
required of them. It is especially so with the officers. I am doing all
that I can to improve them. It was reported to Mr. Garrett, president
of the railroad, that about 5,000 men passed during the night at the
mouth of the Monocacy River. They fired on pickets with infantry and
artillery. I have two regiments here, arming themselves, but the offi-
cers and men are wholly ignorant of their duties. They will be of no
use in the field. I propose to place them at Washington Junction and
Relay House. Telegram just received from Colonel Cram, dated Monoc-
acy, 12 in., says he has reason to believe that 30,000 rebels crossed at
the mouth of the Monocacy River last night. Two brigades of rebels
are reported to be at Charlestown, 8 miles from Harpers Ferry.
Another dispatch to Mr. Garrett says the enemy has crossed the river,
at or near the mouth of the Monocacy, 30,000 strong, and more to come,
under command of General Hill. Answer.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 5, 1862.
Major-General WooL, Baltimore, Aid.:
1 find it impossible to get this army into the field again in large force
for a day or two. In the mean time Harpers Ferry may be attacked
and overwhelmed. I leave all dispositions there to your experience and
local knowledge. I beg leave, however, to suggest the propriety of
withdrawing all our forces in that vicinity to Maryland Heights. I have
no personal knowledge of the ground, and merely make the saggestion
to you.
H. W. HALLECK,
General.in-Chief.
HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,
Washington, September 6, 1802.
Major-General MCCLELLAN,
Commanding, & c.:
GENERAL: You need not wait for the change of commanders, but
move McDowells corps at once. I think the change will be made this
afternoon. I will try immediately.
Yours, & c., W. HALLECK,
General.in.Chief.
P. S.Hooker has been assigned to Porters corps, and it has been
directed that Beno be assigned to McDowells.
H. W. II.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 6, 1862.
Major-General HALLECK:
GENERAL: General Sumner reports the enemy moving toward Rock.
ville. It will save a great deal of trouble and invaluable time if yo
Page 190
190 OPERATIONS IN N. VA, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAr. XXXI.
will suspend the operation of the order in regard to Franklin and Porter
until I can see my way out of this difficulty. I wish to move Franklins
corps to the front at once. To prevent a change iu Burnsides command
while on the march, I would urgently recommend that Hooker be as-
signed to McDowells corps. The Secretary told me he would cheer-
ftilly agree to anything of this kind that met your approval, and I really
feel it necessary for me to ask for these things at once.
Very truly, yours,
cTEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major-General.
General I). P. Woonnuny, WASHINGTON, September 6, 1862.
Commanding Engineer Brigade:
I understand from General Marcy that you, at my request, have been
l)laced in engineering charge over the Eastern Branch, or command. I
do not know how the order is made out, but it can be arranged either
way you prefer. That line requires to be made as defensible as possible,
in view of possible early attack. Mr. Gunnell is having woods cleared
in front of Forts Meigs, Baker, & c. I could wish the interval between
Forts Meigs and Mahan, and Fort Mahan and the bridge, better ob-
structed. That side of attack would hardly be chosen, unless with the
expectation of seizing the bridges before we could destroy them.
I hope you will take up the matter with interest, as this is the time
of our need.
Yours, & c.,
J. G. BARNARD,
Brigadier- General.
G~eneral S. WILLIAMS, WASHINGTON, September 6, 1862.
Assistant Adjutant-General:
GENERAL: As has been reported on several occasions, by memoran-
dum or otherwise, to the commanding general, there is an immense deal
of work to be done to make our defensive lines north of the Potomac
respectably strong. Large areas of timber must be felled, several new
works built, and, in addition, a connecting series of rifle-pits is desir-
able.
The new regiments recently assigned to army corps, by Special Orders,
No. 3, have been got into position with a view to this work. Colonel
Haskins letter of this date will show how they are employed. Several
have been specially assigne(1 to the forts, and have made great progress
as gunners. Others have been put where wood-cutting was needed.
The order will materially retard the progress of these operations.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. G. BARNARD,
Brigadier- General.
WASHINGTON, Septcmber 6, 1862.
Major-General IIEINTZELMAN:
The con)manding general directs that you at once order Major-
General Hooker to proceed to Uptons Hill, and assume command o
Page 191
ChAP. XXXI.] 191 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
the army corpa hitherto commanded by Major-General McDowell. It
is important that this be communicated to General Hooker at once, as
General McDowells corps is under orders to march, and is now perhaps
in motion.
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- Genera~.
WASHINGTON, September 6, 18622 a. m.
Brig. Gen. IL B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Your dispatch of 1L30 p. m. of yesterday just received, and orders
issued for General Coxs pickets to be relieved. My headquarters are
at Arlington.
IRVIN MCDOWELL,
Major- General, Commanding.
WASHINGToN, September 6, 18624.05 p. in.
(Received 5.3() p. in.)
Major-General MCDOWELL,
Or Senior Officer tJomdg. First Army Corps, Uptons fill:
General McClellan directs that you move your corps at once to this
side of the river, by the Long and Aqueduct Bridges, taking the Sev-
enth street road to Leesborough, or its vicinity. It is important that
this movement be made promptly.
A. V. COLBURN,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
HEADQUARTERS THIRD CORPS,
Near Arlington House, September 6, 18625.30 p. in.
Colonel COLBIJRN,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Washington:
I have received your telegram, directed to Uptons Hill, ordering the
movement of Third Corps to Leesborough. As I am informed at the
War Department that I am relieved from the command of this corps, II
have turned over the order to the second in commandGeneral Rick-
etts.
IRVIN MCDOWELL,
Major- General.
SEPTEMBER 0, 18627.50 p. in.
Brig. Gen S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Washington:
Shall the divisions of the Third Corps, ordered to move to Leesbor-
ough, quit the forts at Uptons Hill before they are dismantled and the
ammnnition removed i Will you please give the order direot, as I move
my headquarters to Washington ~
IRVIN MCDOWELL,
Major- General
Page 192
192 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAr. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY,
Scptember 6, 1862.
Major-General MCDOWELL, Arlington:
General Porter has been instructed to relieve the pickets of the Third
Corps immediately, and to remove the heavy guns from Uptons Hill
during the night, leaving an advance guard in the works there to hold
it against an attack of pickets or inferior force.
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant-General.
HEADQUARTERS CORPS DARM]~E,
Arlington, [September] 6, 18626.45 p. m.
BrigadierGeneral KING,
Or Commanding Officer of his Division, Uptons Hill:
Call in your pickets and put your division in march immediately for
Leesborough or vicinity, via Aqueduct Bridge and Seventh street road.
By command of Major-General McDowell:
ED. SCHIIIVEIR,
Colonel and Chief of Staff.
MUDDY BRANCH, MD., September 6, 1862.
Brig. Gen. H. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff
My scouts on the tow-path, the mountain road, and the river road
report everything quiet up to 3 a. m. No enemy visible. Should the
enemy move in the direction of Washington from his present position,
it will l)e by the Frederick road, his right resting on the Darnestown
road; but some of my cavalry are so nervouslcannotmakemuchout
of their reports. My pickets on the Poolesville road are at Seneca
Creek. They have just reported everything quiet on that road, and the
enemy not in sight.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
MUDDY BRANCH, MD.,
September 6, 18628.30 a. m.
General H. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
I have just learned that Lees corps, said to number 30,000, crossed
above yesterday, and moved down in the direction of Poolesville; and
that Jackson is to move by the Frederick road the
tack on Washington. This looks probable, design being an at-
for a flank movement by
them to Baltimore would expose them fatally. Should this be the case,
our point of defense must be IRockville and Brookville, and the line
between them, connecting with Offutts, Leesborough, and Tennallytown,
would be the route for our troops and supplies. If this is the enemys
programme, his design will be to turn our right or pierce our center. He
cannot go through on our left, by the Potomac IRiver, on account of the
broken country. This simplifies matters, and shows Brookville and
Hockville should be well looked after. Please send me some cavalry,
to scout in front of Brookville. I have one squadron there now, but
want more that I can rely on. Brookville, Mechanicsville, aiid Hock-
ville are in about the same line. Send Averells brigade, with a battery,
to Middlebrook, on the Hockville and Frederick road, and let them r
Page 193
CHAr. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 193
port to me from that place, as it will save time. Middlebrook, Dames-
town, and Seneca Bridge, on the road from Brookville to Clarksburg,
must be my position until driven in or re-enforced. Let Bufords bri-
gade be sent to Seneca Bridge. These dispositions will completely cover
the front, until the general can complete his arrangements. I have two
regiments at Damnestown, and shall send a section of artillery there.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
MUDDY BRANCH, Mn.,
September 6, 186211 a. m.
General B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Report from picket states the enemy to be advancing in considerable
force from Poolesville to Seneca Mill. This indicates a movement on
this road to try, possibly, to turn my left. If this report is corroborated
I shall take up a position a mile farther back, to cover the road coming
from the river at that point. I have a regiment, First iNew York Cav-
alry, at Middlebrook, and a squadron of First Cavalry at Seneca Bridge,
leading out from Mechanicsville.
A. PLEASOINTOK,
Brigadier- General.
Munnv BRANCH, Mn., September 6, 1862.
Brig. Gen. B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Just heard from the squadron of the First Cavalry at Mechanicsville.
Is picketing at Unity and Cracklinton, with pickets on the road to
Seneca Bridge. No enemy there. Unity is on the main road to Da-
mascus, and also to Cooksville, on the Frederick and Baltimore turn-
pike. As soon as that regiment arrives at Mechanicsville, my orders
are there for it to be established in the above-mentioned places. Some
firing was heard on the Rockville and Frederick road this evening. I
think the enemy was shelling my pickets near Clarksburg. Have not
yet heard froip them.
A. PLEASONTOX,
Brigadier- General.
MUDDY BRANCH, MD.,
September 6, 186211.45 a. m.
Brig. Gen. B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Mr. iDawson, Union man, and collector of this district, has just in-
formed me that the troops at Poolesville are under A. P. Hill, and that
it is thought he has some 30,000 men. He says my map of the country
is very correct. Will send you a copy as soon as it can be traced.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General.
MUDDY BRANCH, Mn.,
General B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff: September 6, 18621 p. m.
I have sent three regiments of cavalry over on the Frederick road,
at Gaithersburg. This makes four regiments on that road, with pickets
13 R RVOL XIX, PT II
Page 194
194 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI
out to Clarksburg. These regiments I have ordered to scout over the
road to the Frederick and Baltimore turnpike, and keep me informed of
the enemys movements. My position here is not very good. I shall
move back a couple of miles, to cover some roads now in my rear. Two
regiments are still at Darnestown. All quiet at last accounts.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier.General.
MUDDY BRANCH, Mn.,
General R. B. MARCY: & ~ptember 6, 18622 p. m.
Dispatch of 11.40 a. m. received. Wheu the regiment arrives at
Mechanicsville, I shall have the country thoroughly picketed from the
Potomac, at Seneca Mill, to Cooksville, on the Baltimore and Frederick
turnpike. My stations are: Darnestown, two regiments; Middlebrook,
one regiment; Brookville, one regiment; and the pickets extend to Clarks-
burg, Seneca Bridge, on the road to Poolesville, and near Edwards Ferry.
The enemy crossed yesterday at Spinkles Ferry and Conrads Ferry.
At these points they crossed large forces of all arms. I have the Poto.
mac, below Edwards Ferry, thoroughly picketed. The regiment to
report to me at IRockville I shall post at Brookville, to scout the country
and picket on our right and front. At this point I have two batteries
and three regiments, doing picket and station duty. General Sumner
has some forces within 2 miles of my rear, and I have kept him posted
about matters in front. Cannot spare map, bat will give you a tracing
if you will send me some tracing paper. Your dispatch of 2 p. m. re-
ceived. Just heard from front that large clouds of dust are seen about
Sugar Loaf Mountain.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General.
MUDDY BRANCH, MD.,
September 6, 18628.30 p. m.
General B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Just heard from First New York Cavalry at Middlebrook, which has
four companies at Clarksburg, picketing the roads in that vicinity, and
at Keilsville. Colonel McBeynolds reports that he has heard from two
respectable Union citizens, one of them who left Barnesville before
daylight this morning, that the rebels have a large force iii and around
Barnesville (some 30,000 or 40,000 men), under Jackson; that they had,
at noon to-day, extended their pickets to within 3 miles of Clarksburg,
and that the loyal citizens had been compelled to take down their Union
flags, by the threats of their rebel neighbors, who boastingly said the
rebels would occupy Clarksburg to-night. It is 6 miles from Clarksburg
to Middlebrook. I think the firing to-night was at Clarksburg, on my
pickets. Can you hurry up that regiment at Mechanicsville?
A. PLEASONTOY,
Brigadier- General.
MUDDY BRANCH, MD.,
September 6, 18629.30 p. m.
Brig. Gen. B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
The pickets have just sent in a man, who left Leesburg this a. in.
and crossed the river at Point of Rocks. He says there are no troops
Page 195
CHAP. XXXI.]
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
0
195
at Leesburg, and at Barnesville only two regiments of cavalry. That
the army (some 60,000 strong, so the soldiers told him) was under Jack-
son, and are going to Baltimore. That the enemy has left Barnesville
for Baltimore lias been reported from another source. The man from
Leesburg states that the rebel soldiers are running over the country,
hunting something to eat, and are a hard-looking, alargenum-
ber of stragglers. I can hardly think they are pushing for Baltimore
yet. This man is an Irishman, and has been exempt from conscription
before this, but now the rebels declare they will take everybody.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
HALLS HILL, VA.,
September 6,186212.15 a. in.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIA~IS:
GENERAL: The consolidated reports from the divisions have not yet
been received, but can expect five in the morning. The following is an
approximate return sent in: Morells divisionBerdans Sharpshooters,
14 officers, 411 enlisted men; Martins battery, C, Massachusetts artil-
lery, 8 officers, 154 enlisted men; Hazletts battery, D, Fifth Artillery,
3 officers, 107 enlisted men; Watermans battery, C, Rhode Island artil-
lery, 5 officers, 154 enlisted men. Total, 30 officers, 826 enlisted men.
Martindales brigade, about 1,100; Butterfields brigade, about 1,000;
General Piatts brigade, 58 officers, 1,457 enlisted men; Griffins brigade,
1,700; Sykes division, 168 officers, 3,652 enlisted men. Many of these
men are recruits and convalescents, not yet equipped.
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General.
HALLS HILL, September 6, 1862.
Major-General MCDOWELL:
Please let me know when you will move. What force will be required
at the Seminary? What force at Uptons Hill?
F. J. PORTER,
Major. General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS THIRD CORPS,
Arlington, September 6, 18626.45 p. m. (Received 7.55 p. in.)
Major-General PORTER, Halls Hill:
Knowing nothing of the plans of the general commanding, I am un-
able to answer your questions contained in the telegram.
IRVIN MCDOWELL,
Major- General.
FORT CORCORAN, September 6, 1862.
Colonel MCQUADE,
Commanding Uptons Hill:
You must hold the works against any attack of skirmishers or inferior
forces, and withdraw only on attack or indication of determined attack
by superior forces.
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General
Page 196
196 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI
HEADQUARTERS THIRD CORPS,
Near Arlington, Va., September 0, 1862-~-7 .30 a. m.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General:
As directed in your telegram of 5th instant, I send the following:
The strength of Kings division is 7,357 officers and men, of whom 699
are sick; Ricketts division is 5,088, of whom 499 are sick; Reynolds
division, 4,047. No return of the cavalry brigade, composed of five
skeleton regiments, has yet come to hand. General McDowell is absent
for a moment from camp.
ED. SCHRIVER,
Colonel and Chief of Staff.
NEAR ROCKVILLE, MD., September 0, 1862.
General R. B. MARCY:
I am in position with Banks and my own corps ou strong ground. I
have heard nothing from the front for thp last two hours. They (the
enemy) cannot be advancing or I must have heard of it. I think it too
late for them to make an attack to-night, if they intend doing so at all.
General Conch reports all quiet.
E. V. SUMNER,
Major- General.
CAMP NEAR ROCKYILLE, MD.,
September 6, 1862.
Brig. Gen. R. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
A spy, in whom I have confidence, has just returned from Poolesville.
He reports the enemy has passed Poolesville, and has taken the direc-
tion of Frederick. From the best information he could obtain, he esti-
mates their force at about 50,000.
E. V. SUMNER,
Major- General.
AQUIA, VA., September 0, 18627.30 a. m.
General AMBROSE E. BURNSIDE:
All the engines and valuable property are on board of transports.
The cars cannot be removed. I have them on the dock. I l)~Ol)O5O
setting them on fire, destroying cars, wharf, and buildings. Shall I
destroy everything I The rebel scouts are all around as. I have had
all the troops fall back to this point, and will have them and all the
good commissary stores on board within two hours. The rebels captured
7 of the Vermont cavalry and 3 stragglers from my regiment yesterday
evening.
THOS. WELSH,
Colonel.
WASHINGTON, September 6, 1802.
Col. THOMAS WELSH, Aquia:
If the cars and remaining property can be (lestroyed without de
Page 197
CHAP. XXXI.]
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
197
stroying the buildings and wharf, do so; if not, destroy everything.
Embark your command at once and report to me at this place, Willards
Hotel, or Leesborough, 10 miles north of Washington.
A. E. BURNSIDE,
Major- General.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ WAiL DEPARTMENT, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE,
No. 224. f Washington, September 6, 1862.
* * * * * * *
XIII. Major-General McDowell, at his own request, is hereby relieved
from the command of the Third Army Corps, and Major-General iReno
is, by direction of the President, assigned to the command.
* * * * * * *
By order of the Secretary of War:
E. D. TOWNSEND,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS,
No. 3. Washington, September 6, 1862.
I. The following-mentioned new regiments are distributed as herein-
after indicated, and will proceed forthwith to join their respective corps
and stations, viz
BTJRNSIDES CORPS, at Leesborough, 6 miles out Seventh street.
15th Connecticut.
16th Connecticut.
35th Massachusetts.
17th Michigan.
20th Michigan.
9th New Hampshire.
FRANKLINS CORPS, near Theological Seminary, Va.
18th Maine.
19th Maine.
[121st Pennsylvania.*]
136th Pennsylvania.
137th Pennsylvania.
HELNTZELMANS CORPS, near Fort Lyon.
11th New Jersey.
15th New Jersey.
117th New York.
120th New York.
141st Pennsylvania.
149th Pennsylvania.
SUMNERS CORPS, at Rockville, Md.
14th Connecticut.
108th New York.
130th Pennsylvania.
132d Pennsylvania.
BANKS CoRPs.
24th Michigan.
13th New Jersey.
107th New York.
128th New York.
124th Pennsylvania.
125th Pennsylvania.
F. J. PORTERS CORPS.
121st New York.
6~th Pennsylvania.
114th Pennsylvania.t
118th Pennsylvania.
119th Pennsylvania.
142d Pennsylvania.
Assigned September 7.
tAssigned to Bafiks corps by slll)scqnent order of same date.
Page 198
198 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXL
Coucns DIVISION.
P2d New York.
139th Pennsylvania.
116th Pennsylvania.*
* * * * * * *
XVII. Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker is assigned to the command of the
Third Corps, Army of Virginia, lately commanded by Major-General
McDowell. He will assume command immediately.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant. General.
BALTIMORE, Mn.,
September 6, 18621.15 p. m.
Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK:
The following telegram just received from Mr. iDiffey, supervisor of
trains, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, dated Plane No. 4:
Just returned from within half a mile of Monocacy Bridge. Was informed at Mon.
rovia to keep a good lookout. We felt our way with engine to near Reels Mill, where
I left engine and car and started afoot. When within about a half a mile of the bridge
I met Joel Riggs, foreman of repairs, who was sent by Mr. Mantz to meet me, and to
say that the enemy were advancing to Frederick in large force, by the Georgetown
road, and that 5,000 had then passed, and still more were following, as far as they
could see. Telegraph lines are cut at the east end of the bridge. Mooney, operator
at Monocacy, taken to Frederick a prisoner. They are very quiet and orderly. Many
barefoot and clothes much worn out. This information is correct. After meeting
Riggs, I deemed it prudent to return and not Venture any farther. I have way-trains
here, and will send mail-train back from Monrovia.
The above telegram was addressed to Mr. Smith, master of transpor-
tation, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. I have no force in this city to
meet the rebels.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Maj. Gen. JOHN E. WOOL, Washington, September 6, 1862.
Baltimore, Md.:
General Halleck directs me to say to you that you have full power for
every emergency, and must exercise it for the maintenance of order in
the city. He will inform you of military movements.
W. P. JONES.
General CULLUM, Chief of Staff: MARTINSBURG, September 6, 1862.
I reported my arrival at Harpers Ferry to General Halleck, and
shortly afterward I received orders from Major-General Wool to repair
to this p~, leaving my command and some six other regiments, under
Colonel Miles, at Harpers Ferry, very much to my astonishment and re-
gret. I respectfully ask to be restored to my command, if consistent
with the public interests.
JULIUS WHITE,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
* Assigned, September 7, to the Defenses of Washington
Page 199
CHAI. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 199
HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,
Washington, D. C., September 6, 1862.
Brig. Gen. JuLIus WHITE,
Harpers Ferry, Va.:
No order from General ilalleck has been given to you to go to Mar.
tinsburg.
G. W. OULLUM,
Chief of Staff.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. OF THE ARMY, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE,
No. 225. Washington, September 6, 1862.
* * * * * * *
IV. Brig. Gen. John iR. Kenly, U. S. Volunteers, will report in person
to Maj. Gen. John E. Wool, U. S. Army, to organize and command a
brigade of new troops.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major.General Halleck:
E. B. TOWNSEND,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
MUDDY BRANCH, MD.,
September 7, 18627 a. m.
General R. B. MARCY:
It is so important to have a regiment of cavalry at Unity, Cooksville,
and Damascus, that I shall send one from here, unless you can assure
me there will be one at Mechanicsville very soon. This will make me
short-handed here, but the right flank is, I think, now the one to be
looked after. Please reply.
A. PLEASOINTON,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
MUDDY BRANCH, MD.,
September 7, 18627.15 a. m.
Brig. Gen. B. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
The following are the distances of the different places in front of our
lines from each other, viz:
IRoekville to IDarnestown, 9 miles; iDarnestown to Poolesville, 9 miles;
Muddy Branch to Darnestown, 4 miles; Muddy Branch to Middlebrook,
8 milesacross the country, 4 miles; Middlebrook to Clarksburg, 6
miles; Poolesville to Conrads Ferry, 5 miles; Poolesville to Edwards
Ferry, 5 miles; Rockville to Mechanicsville, 10 miles; Mechaniesville
to Brookville, 2 miles; Brookville to Unity, 6 miles; Unity to Cooks-
ville, 9 miles; Unity to Frederick, 28 miles. Cooksville is on the Fred-
erick and Baltimore turnpike, 24 miles from railroad; Cracklinton is
44 miles from Unity; Cracklinton is 44 miles from Seneca Bridge; Mid-
diebrook is 5 miles from Cracklinton; Unity to Damascus, 9 miles;
Barnesville to Clarksburg, 9 miles; Barnesville to Clopper Mill, 14
miles; Gaithersburg to Clopper Mill, 5 miles; Mechanicsville to Sandy
Spring, 3 miles; Mechanicsville to Washington, through Leesborough,
17 miles. The river road is very long and broken to Darnestown, after
yiu leave the aqueduct.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General
Page 200
200 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. tOFIAP. ~kkt
Munn~ BRANCH, Mn.,
September 7, 186210.15 a. m.
General R. B. MARCY:
I think I ought to be over at Mechanicsville. It is more central than
this, and the right of our lines wants fixing up. I ought to be con-
nected with that point by telegraph. Can you order the telegraph
extended from Rockville to Mechanicsville? It can be done in two days,
and will be of great service. I can then go there, and by that time
Averells brigade, and Tidballs and Gibsons batteries ought to be there
to continue and support my line as far as Cooksville, on Baltimore and
Frederick turnpike. From the time the rebels I judge they are
massing in large force, or have abandoned their original design. All
reports agree that Baltimore is their destination. Please let me know
if the general agrees to my idea of change of position, and whether I
can get the other forces named.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
Munn~ BRANCH, Mn.,
September 7, 186211.30 a. m.
General H. B. MARCY:
An Englishman, taken by our pickets at Clarksburg, states he isjust
through Leesburg, yesterday, and crossed the river about 8 miles from
Leesburg, with Longstreets division, which turned up the river on the
tow-path, between river and canal. Had a good deal of artillery and
many wagons. Was told that ~ division had moved on ahead
of Longstreet. Stated the rebel soldiers to be badly cared for, many
of them without shoes. I have sent the man, with two others, to the
Provost-Marshal-General.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
Munn~ BRANCH, Mn.,
September 7, 1862.
General R. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Clarksburg is still in possession of my pickets. The firing last night
was on the Potomac, higher up. A man who came into Clarksburg, from
Point of Rocks, states that the rebels have there 5,000 cavalry and 35,000
men, and are going to Baltimore, by way of Damascus, Clarksburg, and
Cooksville. The rebels say they intend to clear us out here as they go
along. I have ordered colonel of First New York to send a squadron
to report to First Cavalry, to assist in scouting the country to Damas-
cus and Cooksville.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General.
Munn~ BRANCH, Mn.,
September 7, 18622.30 p. m.
General H. H. MARCY:
Dispatch of 2.15 p. m. received. I anticiL)ated some delay in the regi.
~ movements on Mechanicsville, and sent another squadron to that
point this morning. Have picketed Cooksville, and just heard fro
Page 201
dRAP. XXXI.]
CORRESPONDENCE, ~ETC.UNION.
~oI
there that all was quiet. Paroled prisoners say the rebels are moving on
the road to Frederick, and are tearing up the rails on the road as they
go. I hear that night before last the rebels had 50,000 men atDranesville.
This body may be kept there, to cross in this direction after we get en-
gaged elsewhere. I will have them watched. The enemy have posses-
sion of Sugar Loaf Mountain, and have a signal station there. All quiet
throughout my line up to 10 oclock this morning.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
WASHINGTON, September 7, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN,
Commanding, & c.:
I have just seen General Pleasontons dispatch of 2.30. Until ~e can
get better advices about the numbers of the enemy at Dranesville, I
think we must be very caQtious about stripping too much the forts on the
Virginia side. It may be the enemys object to draw oft~ the mass of
our forces and then attempt to attack from the Virginia side of the Po-
tomac. Think of this. I will see you as soon as I can.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
MUDDY BRANCH, MD.,
September 7, 18626.40 p. m.
General H. B. MARCY:
Have just received the report of Colonel Farnsworth, Eighth Illinois
Cavalry, of his occupation of Poolesville to-day. He drove the rebels,
some 60 in number, from the town, capturing 3. One was badly wounded,
and this man he paroled. The two others I sent to the Provost-Marshal-
General. They belong to the Fifth Virginia Cavalry, Colonel iRosser.
The most of the rebel cavalry went to Barnesville yesterday. A colored
man reported to Colonel Farnsworth that he went to Barnesville yester-
day, to carry ladies, who wanted to see the rebels. They told the ladies
they were going to Frederick, and from thence to Baltimore. The rebel
train finished crossing the river at Conrads Ferry this morning, and
passed in the direction of Frederick. This is prQbably the end of all
that are coming over. Colonel Farnsworth has done very well, and
shown good judgment.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, D. C., September 7, 18628.20 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Commanding
It being suggested that some of your cavalry have no carbines, I call
your attention to the fact that there are 2,000 and upward, with accouter-
ments and ammunition, ready for issue at the Washington ArsenaL
P. H. WATSON,
Assistant Secretary of War
Page 202
202
OPEflATIONS~IN N.-VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP3XXXL
ROCKYILLE, MD., September 7, 1862.
General R. B. MA]~cY:
All quiet in front this morning. I would respectfully request that I
may be re-enforced, in readiness to advance upon the communications
of the enemy when it is deemed proper that I should do so.
E. V. SUMNER,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Wa8kington, September 7, 1862.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HErNTZELMAN,
Commanding Third Corps, Fort L~jon:
Maj. Gen. FITz JOHN PORTER,
Commanding Fifth Corps, Fort Corcoran:
Brig. Gen. J. P. SLOUGH, Alexandria:
General McClellan has been informed that the rebels intend making
a raid to-night on Alexandria. Little reliance is placed on the informa-
tion, but it is nevertheless suggested that it may be well, as a matter of
precaution, to have your pickets, & c., more than usually on the alert.
By command:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS,
No. 4. f Washington, September 7, 1862.
I. Brig. Gen. D. P. Woodbury is assigned to the command of all the
forts beyond the Eastern Branch, north of the Potomac.
During the absence of the major-general commanding from Washing-
ton, the immediate command of the defenses of the capital is assigned
to Major-General Banks, who, while exercising said command, will be
relieved temporarily from the command of his corps.
II. Brig. Gen. S. D. Sturgis is temporarily relieved from duty with
Porters corps, and ordered to report to General Buruside.
* * * * * * *
VIII. Col. George D. Ruggles, additional aide-de-camp, having re-
ported to these headquarters, in compliance with instructions from the
General-in-Chief, is announced as attached to the staff of the general
commanding, and will be obeyed and respected accordingly.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major-General McClellan:
[S. WILLIAMS,]
Assistant Adjutant- General.
GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. THIRD CORPS, ARMY OF VIRGINIA,
No. 1. Leesborough, Md., September 7, 1862.
In conformity with Special Orders, No. 3, dated Headquarters Wash-
ington, September 6, 1862, the undersigned assumes command of the
Third Corps of the Army of Virginia. Until farther orders, the follow-
ing-named officers are announced as members of the staff: Maj. Joseph
Dickinson, assistant adjutant-general; Capts. William II. Lawrence,
William L. Candler, and A. Moore, aides de-camp; Lient. Col. Fred
Page 203
CnA1. XXXT.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 203
Myers, chief of quartermasters department; Lieut. Col. J. M. Sanderson,
chief of commissary department; Maj. ID. C. Houston, chief engineer;
Maj. D. Tilison, chief of artillery and ordnance; Surg. ID. L. Magruder,
chief of medical department. They will report at headquarters without
delay.
JOSEPH HOOKER,
Major- General, Commanding Third Oorp8.
HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,
Washington, AS4tember 7, 1862.
Brig. Gen. ANDREW PORTER:
GENERAL: You are assigned to duty in Pennsylvania to organize
volunteers, and will report to Governor Curtin, at Harrisburg.
By order of Major-General Halleck:
J. C. KELTON,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
(Indorsements.]
DEAR MARCY: Here is the order from General Halleck. Please show
it to the general, for any emendations he may think best.
Your friend,
A.P.
SEPTEMBER 7, 1862.
I would respectfully suggest to General H[alleck] that it would be
well to place General Porter in command of the troops now being raised
in Penn8ylvania, and to intrust to his charge the defense of Harrisburg
and its approaches. I have fully explained to him the situation of
affairs, and, in a general way, my intentions. He will do all that can
be done to resist the advance of the enemy. I would also suggest that
one of Pecks batteries and at least a squadron of good cavalry be placed
under his orders.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HARRISBURG, PA., ~ptember 7, 18622 a. m.
Maj. Gen. JOHN E. WOOL:
The following particulars have just come to hand. What can be done
for the protection of our border I
CHAMBERSBURG, 6th.
ANDREW G. CURTIN:
Received full particulars concerning invasion of Maryland. Rebels arrived at Fred-
erick City to-day at 11 oclock, consisting of cavalry, 350; 19 pieces of cannoni
howitzer (6-pounder), 610-pounder rifled cannon, and 12 ordinary pieces. Whole force
seen amounted to 3,500. Were shoeless, ii nclad, taking possession of all stores having
shoes, army goods, or other supplies, paying for the same Confederate scrip. An-
nounced their destination Baltimore. Crossed at Nolands Ford. Jackson told an in-
timate friend of mine, living at Poolesville, he designed crossing into Pennsylvania,
through Adams, York, and Lancaster, to Philadelphia. I believe he designs to in-
vade Cumberland Valley, to procure supplies. Large numbers of persons came up on
train to-night from Hagerstown.
A. G. CURTIX.
(Copy for Hon. E. M. Stanton.
Page 204
204 OPERATIOI4S IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washinqton, D. C., September 7, 1862.
Governor CURTIN, Harrisburg:
Your telegram of this date has been placed in the haiids of the Gen-
eral-in-Chief for such action as the exigency in bis opinion may require.
The attention of the military authorities is clearly directed to the move-
ments of the enemy, and every effort will be made to overcome him.
EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY CORPS,
Baltimore, September 7, 1862.
ANDREW G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg, Pa.:
GOVERNOR: Your dispatch has been received. I have no forces at
my disposal with which to re-enforce any point. I have instructed Gent
eral White to defend himself to the last extremity. No forces have
al)peared in the neighborhood of Martinsburg, except a small force of
about 200, a few of whom were killed and a few taken prisoners. As
to the number of troops that have arrived at Frederick there are con-
Ilicting reports. Several reports say there are 30,000. The last report
from flarpers Ferry states that the forces that appeared at the Point
of Rocks had recrossed to Virginia, and that General Hill was fortify-
ing himself at a point 5 miles from Berlin, on the opposite side of the
river. I have sent out to ascertain, and shall be able to inform you in
the course of the morning if the rumors are true. I do not doubt but
that a rebel force has crossed, and is in the neighborhood of Frederick,
but how large it is impossible to say from reports received. What they
have done at Washington, or intend to do, I am unable to say.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
HARRISBURG, September 7, 18625 p. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON,
Secretary of War:
Our information is that Jackson occupies Frederick in force, and is
preparing to move north. We are organizing militia and arming to
meet him. I suggest that, if possible, you send some artillery to this
valley, and stop battery which will be here from Chambersburg at 7
oclock this evening, en route for Baltimore.
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
September 7, 18627.30 p. in.
Governor CURTIN, Harrisburg:
You are authorized to detain the battery mentioned in your telegram
just received. I will immediately consult Generals Halleck and McClel-
lan in respect to sending you more artillery and troops. It is now more
than probable the enemy will be struck long before they can reach Har-
risburg.
EDWiN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War
Page 205
CHAP. XXXI.l CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 205
BALTIMORE, Mm,
September 7, 18627.30 a. in.
Maj. Gen- H. W. HALLECK:
Colonel Dennis, at Gettysburg, communicates the following informa-
tion, from undoubted authority:
Brig. Gen. B. [T.] Johnson, with 5,000 infantry, came into Frederick about 12 m.
yesterday. General Jackson follo~ved with 25,000 at 2.30 p. m. Three batteries of
artillery only were seen. Johnsons brigade encamped a mile north of the city; his
troops much~jaded. He said he would be there only one day; then for Pennsylvania or
Baltimore. General Bragg was advancing up the Shenandoah Valley for Pennsyl-
vania, with 40,000 troops.
Colonel Dennis informant said, when he asked where the cavalry was,
the reply was that they would be heard from in Pennsylvania. John-
son came into Frederick over Georgetown Bridge, 3 miles south of Fred-
erick.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
MARTINSBURG, VA.;
September 7, 18628 a. m.
Major-General WOOL:
Five hundred rebel cavalry attacked my outposts this morning. It
may be the advance of a larger force.
JULIUS WHITE,
Brigadier- General.
MARTINSBURG, VA.,
September 7, 186210 a. m.
Major-General WOOL:
My outposts are attacked. I do not yet know whether the attack is
formidable or not. Will advise you as soon as I know. You may rely
on your orders being executed, and if you have frequent reports from
me, you must not think we are excited, though our troops are all raw.
I shall obey the order to fight, though with no hope of support.
JULIUS WHITE,
Brigadier- Ge~ieral.
MARTINSBTJRG, VA.,
September 7, 186211 a. m.
Maj. Gen. JOHN E. WOOL:
No reliable news. The enemy (one division) is in front of Berlin. My impression
is that it is a foraging party covering left flank of their army, which has crossed, and
is still crossing, into Maryland, below Point of Rocks. Three brigades are marching
on you, so I was informed several days ago. It may tnrn out true. A long range of
caml)-fires was seen in your direction this morning. I will send up to the observatory
to look out for dust, and I will inform you. D. ~. MILES.
I send you the above copy of a dispatch from Colonel Miles, Harpers
Ferry. His position will not be attacked. I respectfully suggest that
he support this post with a re-enforcement of four regiments of infantry
and two batteries. I have but three 6-pounder guns.
JULIUS WHIW,
Brigadier- General.
i3Same to Halleck.
Page 206
206 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
MARTINSBTJRG, TA.,
September 7, 18624 p.m.
Maj. Gen. JOHN E. WOOL, Baltimore, Md.:
I have the honor to report that the enemy (400 cavalry) who attacked
my outposts have been defeated and driven back to Winchester, with
the loss of about 50 prisoners, horses, and arms, now in our possession.
Our loss, 2 killed and 10 woundedCaptain Grosvenor and Lieutenant
Logan, of the Twelfth Illinois Cavalry. The loss of the enemy greatly
exceeds ours, but not accurately known. The Twelfth Illinois Cavalry,
Colonel Voss, behaved in a manner to maintain the honor of the State
from which they hail.
JULIUS WHITE,
Brigadier.General.
MARTINSBURG, VA.,
September 7, 18624 p. m.
Major-General WOOL:
The prisoners we have report themselves as the advance of a column
which came through Manassas Gap and reached Winchester yesterday.
You will estimate this information at its value. I only add that it is
supported by other channels, mostly rebel. The force here is, of course,
insufficient to meet successfully any considerable body.
JULIUS WHITE,
Brigadier- General.
MARTINSBURG, VA.,
September 7,18625 p. m.
Maj. Gen. JOHN E. WooL, Baltin~ore, 3fd.:
After examining and cross-questioning different prisoners, they all
agree that they are the advance of a column which left Leesburg three
days ago for Winchester, to march thence in this direction, to support
the column already in the vicinity of Frederick. They will, doubtless,
be in this vicinity to-morrow, if the statement is true. I may say it
corresponds with the statement of a man sent to me from Leesburg by
Captain Means, before 1 left Harpers Ferry, who stated that a heavy
column passed from there in the direction of Winchester Wednesday.
JULIUS WHITE,
Brigadier- General.
BALTIMORE, Mn.,
September 7, 1862430 p. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War:
There are no arms at Pikesville, and very few in store herenot more
than enough for one regiment, if as many. I will inquire and let you
know.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major. General.
BALTIMORE, Mn.,
September 7, 18626.15 p. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War:
We have trains here sufficient to carry to Harrisburg 3,000 troops.
On application, I have ordered two regiments to remain at Harrisbur
Page 207
Cnir. XXXI 1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 207
until further orders. Shall I retain the train here, or let it go to liar
risburg I Answer immediately. I telegraphed General ilalleck on this
subject, but have received no answer.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, ~S4te~nber 7, 1862.
Major-General WOOL, Baltimore, Md.:
Regiments not required by you for defeu~e of railroads should be sent
here. Every new man here in the forts will supply an older soldier for
the field. All the available troops are now in motion.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
BALTIMORE, Mn.,
S~ptember 7, 18627.30 p. m.
Presideiit LINCOLN:
The rebels, with 400 cavalry, attacked the pickets at Martinsburg, and
were defeated, with the loss of 50 prisoners, horses and arms. Loss on
our side, 2 killed and 10 wounded, including a captain and a lieutenant.
The loss of the enemy in killed and wounded had not yet been ascer-
tained.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major. General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, D. C., September 7, 1862.
Major-General WooL, Baltimore:
What about Harpers Ferry? Do you know anything about it? How
certain is your information about Bragg being in the valley of the Shen-
andoah?
A. LINCOLN.
GENERAL WOOLS HEADQUARTERS,
Baltimore, Md., September 7, 1862--8.05 p. ni.
President LINCOLN:
Your dispatch received. General Hill is menacing Harpers Ferry,
but with what force is not stated. I think Harpers Ferry will be de.
fended. Bragg is reported to be advancing through the valley of Shen-
andoah with 40,000 menit is said for Pennsylvania.* More than 30,000
men were reported in and near Frederick yesterday, with three batteries,
and more coining, and numbers of cavalry not stated and not included
in the above estimate. Rebels proclaimed that they were going either
to Philadelphia or Baltimore. All my information is second.hand. I
have no doubt that the rebels have a large force in and about Frederick.
They were much in want of supplies. This force was commanded by
Stonewall Jackson and Johnson.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
* For further correspondence in reference to Braggs supposed movements in Vir-
ginia, see dispatches of Boyle, Buell, i~m~i Macola, in Series I, Vol. XVI, Part II
Page 208
208 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXL
SEPTEMBER 7, 1S62~-9.15 p. m.
Major-General WOOL, Baltimore:
Your telegram this evening has been received, and the General-in-
Chief informs me that you have already received directions in respect
to the Harrisburg train. I hope your officers and men are animated by
your own gallant spirit, and that we shall have neither flights nor sur-
render in your command.
EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 7, 1862.
E. M. STANTON:
The guard upon the Northern Central Railroad consists of but two
companies. Not at all sufficient to protect the bridges in Maryland. If
an attempt should be made to destroy them, will you increase the force~l
J. D. CAMERON,
Vice-President.
HANOVER, PA., via BALTIMORE,
Hon. E. M. STANTON: September 7, 1862.
Enemy, eight regiments infantry and one cavalry, with twelve pieces
of artillery, encamped 2 miles north of Frederick yesterday evening.
Scouts have been north 15 miles and east toward Baltimore 20 miles.
They say their destination is Harrisburg, more probably Baltimore. I
most earnestly solicit orders to join the army in such position as you may
think fit, and leave for myself, aide, and horse to proceed to Baltimore
by the next train. I will await orders here, having been compelled to
leave Frederick to avoid capture.
JAMES COOPER,
Brigadier- General.
WASHINGTON, September 7, 1862.
Brigadier.General COOPER, Hanover, Pa.:
Your telegram received this evening has been referred to the Gen.
eral-in.Chief~, who thinks that you may be able to render more service at
Harrisburg than elsewhere at the present moment. You are, therefore,
directed to proceed to Harrisburg and report to Governor Curtin for
any duty that may be required in organizing the militia.
EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretarq of War.
BALTIMORE, Mn.,
86211.30 a. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON, September 7 1
Secretary of War:
Our inventory of rolling-stock being completed east of the Monocacy,
we are able to estimate that, beginning after four hours notice, we can
take 28,000 men in one convoy of train from Washington to Baltimore
or Elysville or vicinity, and can repeat the operation in from eighteen t
Page 209
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 209
twenty-four hours, if desired, and provided no serious accident should in-
terfere. This number of men would be reduced in proportion to the num-
ber of horses required to be taken, and if latter should be 2,060 it would
reduce number of men we could carry to 20,000. We can take fifty or
sixty pieces of artillery, with their usual accompaniment, besides the
men named, if required. It will only be necessary that the troops should
load and unload the cars quickly, and in such numbers to each car as
we designate. This movement can be extended by using Government
cars at Alexandria and those roads north of Baltimore as may be re-
quired. Elysville is mentioned because it is the point on our line, 21
miles from Baltimore and 44 from Washington, by rail, at which our
forces are still posted for protection of two important iron bridges over
Patapsco. We are not yet advised of any injury whatever to our roads.
It will, therefore, be a purely military question as to what extent beyond
Elysville the road should be used. We have no advices thus far as of
any west of Frederick County. We received a dispatch at 10 last night
from Berlin, 5 miles east of Harpers Ferry, via Wheeling and Pitts-
burgh, to effect that our troops at Point of Rocks had fallen back to that
place as a precaution. This shows that at the hour of sending the dis-
patch in question the line was free, except near the Monocacy, where
wires were cut yesterday morningat 10 oclock.
J. W. GARRETT,
President Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., September 7,186212 m.
(Received 2.40 a. in., September 8.)
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
Would it not be well to send at least one brigade of good disciplined
troops to Harrisburg, and then concentrate new forces from all the East-
ern States at that point as rapidly as possible until an army sufficient in
number to effect good results is organized there ~ This army to be
commanded by some reliable and competent officer from the Army of
the Potomac, and to act in concert with McClellan. The latest news in
Baltimore this evening indicates the intention of enemy to visit Penn-
sylvania within the next few days.
THOMAS A. SCOTT.
NEAR ROCKYILLE MD
, .,
September 8, 186211.20 a. in. (Received 12 in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
Everything quiet in front by last accounts. Franklin has reached
Muddy Branch. Sykes, Sumner, and Banks near here. Biirnside and
Hooker move to-day to Brookville. Pleasonton will advance his cav-
alry to Barnesville, Hyattstown, Damascus, IJuity, & c. We have cav-
alry ~t Poolesville. No enemy at Edwards Ferry; I think they are
beyond the Monocacy. Couch will remaiii at Offutts until I ascertain
whether there is any large force at 1)ranesville, which I hope to know
any moment.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
14 U RYOI~ XIX~ PT I
Page 210
210 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
WASHINGTON, ID. C., September ~, 18621.05 p. m.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Rockville, Md.:
General Marcy informed me this morning that Bayards cavalry had
scouted to iDranesville, and no enemy there. It is reported that they
have gone to Leesbnrg to cross. If so, it seems to me that a sufficient
number of your forces to meet the enemy should move rapidly forward,
leaving a reserve in reach of you and Washington at the same time.
If General Marcy has not telegraphed, he has probably sent an aide with
dispatches.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
WASHINGTON, ID. C.,
September 8, 1862S p.m.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Rockville, Md.:
How does it look now?
A. LINCOLN.
ROCKVILLE, MD.,
September 8, 18625.30 p.m.
His Excellency President LINCOLN:
In reply to your dispatch of 5 oclock this p. in., I have the honor to
state that General Pleasonton, at 4.20 p. in., reports from T)awsonville
that his advance, within 3 miles of Poolesville, was fired on by artillery,
the shells passing over them; also, that infantry were moving out of
the woods in force at that point, He also heard the command under
Colonel Farnsworth, near Po olesrille, was fired on by artillery, but
heard no report from Colonel Farnsworth. I do not think, from the
tenor of General Pleasontons dispatches, that any great force was seen,
but he guards every approach carefully, and will keep me fully advised.
I will inform you of everything of importance that occurs. Burnside
will be at Mechanicsville to-night. While I am writing, another dispatch
from General Pleasonton, dated 5.15 p. in., says Colonel Farnsworth has
occupied Poolesville after a skirmish, in which the rebels brought up
one gun. Ours soon silenced it, and they retreated toward Barnesville,
where there is some forcenot over 800. Six prisoners were taken, and
some others wounded. Two squadrons are in pursuit toward Barnes-
yule, and have killed some of the rebels. Our loss only 2 or 3 wonnded.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major. General.
HEADQUARTERS,
Roclcville, Md., September 8, 18626.15 p. m.
H. W. HALLECK, General-in- Chief:
You will see my dispatch in reply to the Presidents, which embraces
all the news I have been able to get from the front up to this time. I
am inclined to think that if the enemy are in very great force on this
side of the Potomac, they are above the Monocacy. Have you~ any.
thing from Colonel Miles to-day ~? If it is practicable, I would recom-
mend that Colonel Miles be required to report at least twice every day;
this is highly important in Connection with our own operations in this
direction.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major-General
Page 211
CRAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 211
WASHINGTON, September 8, 18628.42 p. m.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Rockville:
Nothing from Colonel Miles or. elsewhere about position of enemy
since I telegraphed this morning.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
CAMP NEAR ROCKYILLE, MD.,
September 8, 18628 p. m. (Received 9.40 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
Nothing new to report, except that I have heard from the cavalry at
Mechanicsvilie, who report railroad destroyed by rebels from Monrovia
to the Monacacy, and that a force of about 7,000 men reached Freder-
ick yesterday, they being a part of Jacksons force. The cavalry skir-
mishes to-day near the Monocacy were quite successful, so far as heard
from. I have ordered reconnaissances in all directions to-morrow, in-
cluding one well to the north and northwest. I think that we are now
in position to prevent any attack in force on Baltimore, while we cover
Washington on this side. I am rather weak in cavalry on the right, but
am hourly expecting more of Averells brigade. We are prepared to
attack anything that crosses the Potomac this side of the Monocacy. I
am by no means satisfied yet that the enemy has crossed the river in
any large force. Our information is still entirely too indefinite to justify
definite action. I am ready to push in any direction, and hope very
soon to have the supplies and transportation so regulated that we can
safely move farther from Washington, and clear Maryland of the rebels.
The time occupied in ascertaining their position, strength, and intentions
will enable me to place the army in fair condition. I do not feel sure
that there is no force in front of Washington. I think I can now answer
for it that they shall not cross the river this side of Monocacy, and that
they shall not take Baltimore without defeating this army. I am also
in position to hasten to the assistance of Washington, if necessary.
As soon as I find out where to strike, I will be after them without an
hours delay.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS,
Rockville, Md, September 8, 186210 p. m.
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
After full consideration, I have determined to advance the whole force
to-morrow; the right wing to Goshen and Cracklinton, holding guard
over bridges and other advance points by strong advance guard; the
cavalry well out on the right and front; the center near Middlebrook;
Franklin to Darnestown, holding the line of the guards by advance
guards; Couch to guard, leaving a brigade at Offatts Cross-Roa& ; and
Sykes division will move to-morrow, according to the information I re-
ceive, probably toward Gaithersburg, but wherever the latest informa-
tion may show the enemy to be in greatest force.
GEO. 13, McCLELLAN,
211 ajor- General
Page 212
212
OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
.kockvitle, AT d., September 8, 18628.50 p. m.
(Received 11.30 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK:
Herewith I send you a telegram addressed to General Wool. Please
read it. i~ you approve, have it put in cipher, and forward
HEADQUARTERS,
Bocknille, Md., September 8, 18628.50 p. m.
Maj. Gen. JoHI~ E. WooL,
Commanding Department of Baltimore:
This army is now massed between Rockyille aud Brookville, in position to move on
the enemy, should he attempt to go toward Baltimore from any point above here, to
advance into Pennsylvania, or attack Washington. Onr information regarding the
enemys movements is very vague and conflicting. If the enemy has crossed the Poto-
mac in large force, it seems to me of great importance that we should co-operate fnlly,
and it will give me great pleasure to have the benefit of any suggestion that your ex-
tended military experience may dictate. I shall, from time to time, keep you advised
of all that occurs with me, and I shall feel under great obligations if you will give
me snch information as yon may deem of importance to me. I should he especially
gratified to learn everything that you can get regarding the movements of the enemy
in the direction of Harpers Ferry and above. My scouts have been to-day within 3
miles of Barnesville, and met a small force of the enemy, but encountered no large
bodies of troops. They have also been to nenr Ridgeville, on the Baltimore and Ohio
Railroad, where they saw nothing of the enemy. I shall, to-morrow, send them across
the railroad toward Liberty and New London, by which I hope to discover whether
the~r are advancing from Frederick toward Baltimore. I shall also push out recon-
naissances in various other directions.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Akjor- General.
Maj. Gen. FITZ JOHN PORTER, WASHINGTON, September 8, 1862.
Fort Corcoran:
Three thousand sand-bags were recently sent to General Whipple, for
forts then under his command. More can be supplied if required.
Guns are wanted for works on this side. Three 24-pounder siege guns
are said to be disposable, having been replaced at Fort Barnard by
others. By order of General McClellan, I directed them to be sent to
Fort Pennsylvania. A number of rifled 30-pounders have been released
from Fort IRamsay; I desire to have them on this 8ide.
J. G. BARNARD,
Brigadier- General.
WASHINGTON, September 8, 1862.
General FITZ JOHN PORTER:
I wish two rifled siege guns sent to Fort Alexander; two to Fort Lin-
coln; one to Fort Mahan, and one to Fort Meigs. The three 24-pound-
ers should be sent to Fort Pennsylvania. I do not think any guns should
be put in Fort Runyon, when there is far more need of guns on this side,
and this I understood to be General McClellans view.
J. G. BARNARD,
Brigadier- General and Chief Bngtneer.
~ee Wo~1 ~o McClellan, September 9, p. ~31
Page 213
CHAP. XXXII CORllESPOl~DENCE, ETCITNION. 213
BROOKYILLE, Mm,
September 8, 18626.30 p. in.
Maj. Gen. H W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief, and
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
I have established my headquarters at thi.s place to-night. Two
divisions of General iRenos corps will be in position to-night at Crack-
linton and Goshen with instructions to hold Seneca Bridge. A regi-
ment of cavalry is at Unity, with instructions to picket Triadelphia
and Cooksville, and I have ordered a squadron to cross the pike and
railroad and move up in the direction of Franklinville and Liberty.
I am inclined to think we are bearing too much to the left, but will be
able to speak more positively to-morrow. Our men are in better con-
dition than when they left Washington. Hookers corps is improving.
A. E. BUENSIDE,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS,
Washington, September 8, 1862.
Maj. Gen. FITz JOHN PORTER,
Port Corcoran:
General McClellan wishes me to ascertain from you and General Bay-
ard what you know about Dranesville. He will probably remain at
Rockville to-day to get definite information on this point. Can you
send this to General Bayard ~ I have only two orderlies, and they are
done up.
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
SEPTEMBER 8, 1862.
General S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General, 1?ockville:
General Woodburys pontoon train is ready, except horses, which lie
cannot get for two or three days. What orders for the train i An offi-
cer will call here in the morning to get them. Where is Bufords cav-
alry brigade ~ Nobody can find it or General Buford. What news ~
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain and Aide-de-Camp.
HEADQUARTERS,
Washington, September 8, 1862.
Lieut. Col. A. S. WEBB,
Headquarters Fifth Corps, Port Corcoran:
I have just heard of the stray brigade of Buford on the Washington
and Alexandria road, 2 miles this side of the latter place. General Ba-
fords headquarters are said to be on the left-hand side of the road, but
it is also said he himself leaves for Itockville. Send anything for (len-
eral Porter here.
RICHD B. IRWIN,
captain, Aide-dc-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen
Page 214
214
OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CEAl. XXXI
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. OF THE ARMY, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE,
No. 229. Washington, S~ptember 8, 186g.
* * * * * * *
IV. Brig. Gen. J. K. F. Mansfield, U. S. Volunteers, is relieved from
duty in the Army of Virginia, and will report in person to Major-Gen.
eral McClellan.
V. Brig. Gen. Andrew Porter, U. S. Volunteers, is assigned to duty
in Pennsylvania to organize volunteers. He will report in person to
Governor Curtin, at Harrisburg, Pa.
By command of Major.General Halleck:
E. D. TOWNSEND,
Assistant Adjutant.Gen~ral.
GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
No. 1. September 8, 1862.
I. In compliance with Paragraph VII of Special Orders, No. 4, of the
7th instant, from the headquarters of Major-General McClellan, the un-
dersigned hereby assumes the immediate command of the defenses of
the capital during the absence of the general commanding from Wash-
ington.
* * * * * * *
III. With the permission of Major.General McClellan, Capt. Richard
B. Irwin, aide-de-camp to the general commanding, will act as assistant
adjutant-general of this command.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 8, 18625.20 p. m. (Received 7.55 p. in.)
Hon. E. N. STANTON,
Secretary of War:
If it be possible to send a brigade of disciplined troops to this point,
as a nucleus for an army, it ought to be done immediately, and then con-
centrate new regiments here until a large army is organized, to stop
movements of enemy into Pennsylvania. The people need something
to restore confidence, in order to get them to step forward in support of
the Government. If no organization is made, they will leave en masse
as the enemy approaches. From this point a column could be readily
transferred t& any other place where their service might be required.
Can anything be done to meet this view of the case? Please answer.
THOMAS A. SCOTT.
BALTIMORE, MD.,
September 8, 186210 p. m.
Hon. E. N. STANTON,
Secretary of War:
I have been informed by Mr. Webster, residing in Westminster, that
the rebel army is south and east of a line drawn around north of Fred-
erick, and east in the direction of Westminster. He says the rebel
army is 75,000 strong. He also says that General Burnside is between
the rebel army and Baltimore. The person I sent out last evenin
Page 215
CHAP. XXXi.]
215
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
brought me back word that the rebel army was generally estimated from
30,000 to 50,000 men. I will probably know before morning the position
of General Buruside.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- Generjzl.
WASHINGTON, September 8, 1862.
THOMAS A. SCOTT, Esq.:
Your telegram respecting military operations has been referred to
the General-in-Chief, for such orders as he deems proper.
EDWiN M. STANTON.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, D. 0., September 8, 1862.
Major-General WooL, Baltimore:
You should not suffer troops bound for Washington to be stopped at
Harrisburg. Your authority to Governor Curtin to stop regiments
yesterday should be recalled. Every regiment stopped there is so much
thrown away. The President desires you to see that no troops bound
for Washington are stopped while the road remains open. The true
defense of Harrisburg, he thinks, is to strengthen the column that is
now marching on the enemy. EDWIN ~. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
BALTIMORE, September 8, 18626.35 p. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON,
Secretary of War:
I assented to the retention of two regiments at Harrisburg, until fur.
ther orders, upon the earnest appeal of the Governor, which, I frankly
acknowledge, was an error. It was done when I was very much en-
gaged, and the order has been revoked and the regiments ordered for
ward immediately. JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 8, 18626.30 p. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON,
Secretary of War:
Can you send to Carlisle to-night seven hundred carbines, slings, and
ammunition, with accouterments, to equip the cavalry now there, to be
used for scouting purposes in the Cumberland Valley? Competent
officers will command them. The citizens will furnish horses for the
purpose without purchasing them. Please answer.
A. G. CURTIN.
WASHINGTON, September 8, 18629 p. m.
Governor CURTIN:
Orders have been given for forwarding immediately, as soon as they
can be packed, slings and ammunition referred to in your telegram
Page 216
216 OPK1~ATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXL
just received. The cavalry at Carlisle have already been furnished with
sabers and pistols, which are all that are needed for scouting, but since
you request carbines, they shall be furnished at once.
EDWIN N. STANTON.
9
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Rockville, Md., September 8, 18629 p. m.
His Excellency Governor CURTIN,
Harrisburg:
My information about the enemy comes from unreliable sources, and it
is vague and conflicting. This army is in position to move against the
rebels, whatever their plan may be. If they intend an advance toward
your State, I shall act with all possible vigor. I can scarcely believe
that such is their purpose. I shall use every effort to ascertain the
actual state of the facts, and trust that you will do whatever you can in
the same direction, and that you will keep me advised of whatever you
may learn. It would be well for you to push your investigations toward
Frederick as far as possible.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 8, 186210.10 p. in.
Hon. E. N. STANTON, Secretary of War:
I shall to-morrow, unless otherwise advised by you, call out the militia
of the State, and mass as many men as possible here, to operate as may
be best. Would it not be well to leave the two New York regiments here
as a nucleus of the organization? It is now a matter of great doubt
whether communication with Washington will not be interrupted before.
any more forces from here could be passed through. In case communi-
cation should be interrupted, what shall be done with forces reaching
here and Philadelphia from the East? Shall they be massed in Penn-
sylvania? Answer explicitly. I shall be ready to perform any duty
that may be required of me in such an emergency.
A. G. CURTIN.
Hon. E. M. STANTON: HARRISBURG, September 8, 1862.
You can rely on the following dispatch, just received by me, which
I repeat to you:
CHAMBERSBIJRG, September 711.30 p. m.
Governor CURTIN:
Telegraph operator at Hagerstown reports he is reliably informed that 5,000 rebel
troops are marching on Hagerstown. He was about to leave, but has agreed to stay
until he hears farther. The train has been ordered away, and will be here shortly. I
am going out to post the remnant of Murphys regiment on picket duty on leading
avenues approaching town. If any movement is to be made to defend the valley, no
time should be lost. There is not a soldier in Hagerstown, and they have no pickets.
This may magnify reports greatly, buthe rebels are doubtless advised that Hagers-.
town is entirely undefended, and will pretty certainly move on it. I will return in an
hour or two, and if anything important transpires will advise you.
A. K. McCLURE.
I have other dispatches from Colonel McClure, received earlier this
evening, which corroborate one above repeated. He and others wh
Page 217
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENGE, ETC.UNION. 217
have been sent there to procure information have no doubt that the
rebels are in large force at and in Frederick. I suggest that the battery
returned here from York, by your order, be sent forward, together with
the troops we have at this poin,t, and that an officer be sent at once to
take command of the line of the State. We could at least hold the
rebels in check until the forces which you have now in motion reach the
Upper Potomac, which must soon become the theater of active hostilities.
A. 0. CURTIN.
HARRISBURG, PA., & ~ptember 8,1862.
Hon. E. 1~I. STANTON, Secretary of War:
We have here about five regiments of green troops, which we are about
forwarding for the defense of the border. Without large additional force
this effort on our part will be wholly unavailable. Any number of regi-
ments that can be spared from Washington and Baltimore could be ad.
vantageously employed. I would suggest that General Andrew Porter,
being now here, be placed in command of all the troops about being sent
forward for this place.
A. G. CURTIX,
Governor.
WASHINGTON, B. C.,
September 8, 18624.30 p. m.
Governor CURTIN, Harrisburg:
Your telegram just received. We have no troops in Washington or
Baltimore to send to Harrisburg, it being supposed that the best defense
of Harrisburg is to strengthen the force now marching against the enemy
under General McClellan.
EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
WAsHINGTON, September 8, 1862.
Brig. Gen. JAMES COOPER, Hanover:
Since my communication to you, information has reached the Depart-
ment that there are at Cumberland 1,500 paroled prisoners of our own
troops, released by the rebels and forwarded there. It is important they
should be taken command of and moved to Columbus, Ohio, and there
placed in camp until exchanged. You will, therefore, proceed immnedi-
ately to Cumberland and take charge of them, and transport them to
Columbus, where you will receive specific instructions. Transporta-
tion will be ordered. You will make the necessary requisitions for
subsistence, and prevent straggling and desertion. Please acknQwl-
edge this order.
EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
HANOVER, PA., September 8, 1862.
SECRETARY OF WAR:
Order this moment received. I leave for Cumberland, via Harrisburg,
by next train. Information received here that the rebels are at Sir
Johns Run, moving toward Cu.mberland.
JAMES COOPER,
Brigadier-Gezwral
Page 218
218 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXL
PHILADELPHIA, & ~ptember 8, 1862.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in.Chief:
I have just received dispatch from commanding officer in Kanawha
Valley that his position has been turned, and rebels are trying to cross
into Ohio. I would suggest that he be immediately withdrawn to Point
Pleasant, in Ohio.
JNO. POPE,
Major-General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 8, 1862.
Col. J. A. J. LIGHTBURN,
Commanding Officer, Kanawha Valley, Va.:
It is reported that the enemy is likely to compel you to fall back to
the Ohio River. If such a movement should be necessary, take position
at Point Pleasant.
H. W. HALLECK,
Generalin- Chief.
MARTINSEURG, VA.,
September 8, 186210.04 a. in.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General.in.Chief:
I was assigned to duty in the Army of Virginia by the Secretary of
War. Was ordered to proceed from Winchester to Harpers Ferry by
order of the General.in.Chief. Reported my arrival at the latter place
to him, and was ordered by General Wool to turn over my command to
Col. Dixon S. Miles, and repair to this post. I respectfully submit that,
without the order of the General-in.Chief, I cannot be detached from
the Army of Virginia, and ask to be relieved of the command here and
assigned to duty in the front.
JULIUS WHITE,
Bri~qadier. General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 8, 1862.
Brig. Gen. JuLius WHITE, Martinsburg, Va.:
In moving from Winchester to Harpers Ferry you come under the
orders of General Wool. It is not proper at present to change the
generals dispositions. Probably some different assignment will be
given to you as early as possible.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief.
CAMP NEAR ROCKVILLE, MD.,
September 9,18629.30 a. in. (Received 10.30 a. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in. Chief:
Rebel scouts last night at Lisbon. In the cavalry skirmish at Pooles-
ville yesterday the rebels lost 1 captain and 15 men killed and wounded,
besides 6 prisoners. The Third Indiana Cavalry (one squadron) did the
work very handsomely on our side. Last reports are that the rebel
Page 219
C!IAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETCTJNION 219
were not in sight near Poolesvile and Hyattstown. Our cavalry are
pushing forward in all directions, while the army will, at least, occupy
the line of the Seneca to-day. Pleasontons report of last night that
there were 100,000 rebels on this side of the river was derived from the
notorious Captain White; it is not fully reliable. We shall know bet-
ter to-day. I will keep you fully informed.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major-General.
BOCKYILLE, Mn.,
September 9, 18623.30 p. m. (Received 5.15 p. in.)
General H. W. HALLEOX,
General-in-Chief:
At noon to-day all the troops ordered forward were in motion for their
new positions. The latest information from the front indicates the enemy
in large force near Frederick. Our cavalry have taken several prison-
ers and the standard of a rebel cavalry regiment to-day. From the
parties now out I hope to know soon something definite as to the strength,
position, and intention of the enemy. They talk of going to Gettysburg
and York. 1 do not think they have yet left Frederick in any force. I
am anxious for the prompt arrival of the rest of my cavalry from Fort
Monroe. When the prisoners get in I shall learn something of them.
Thus far my cavalry have gained the advantage.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
ROCKYILLE, Mn.,
September 9, 1862730 p m. (Received 8 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
From such information as can be obtained, Jackson and Longstreet
have about 110,000 men of all arms near Frederick, with some cavalry
this side.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major-General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Near Rockville, Md., September 9, 18628.15 p. in.
(Received 10.30 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK:
On my return to camp, I learn from General Pleasonton that Colonel
Farnsworth arrived at Barnesville at 3 p. in., after a sharp skirmish, in
which we captured 14 prisoners, of whom 2 commissioned officers and
4 others were wounded; 1 of wounded a captain. Many more killed
and wounded; numbers not yet known. Farnsworth run them some 2
miles toward Frederick, and thinks rebels in force near llyattstown.
The Seventh, Ninth, and Tenth Virginia Cavalry were engaged to-day
against Farnsworth. We have regained and now hold the Sugar Loaf
Mountain. I do not yet know details. Will hold Barnesville with a
strong cavalry force. Am informed that Jacksons headquarters are
to-day at New Market; Stuarts at Urbana. I am pretty well prepared
for anything except overwhelming numbers. Want more cavalry.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Page 220
220 OPflRATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. ~XXL
ROCKVILLE, MD., September 9, 18629 p. in.
(Received 3.30 a. in., 10th.)
Major-General WooL, Baltimore:
My troops to-night occupy the following positions, viz: Burnside at
Cracklinton; Sumners and Banks corps at Middlebrook; Franklin at
iDarnestown; Couch at the mouth of Seneca Creek, and Sigel is on the
other side of the Potomac, opposite Chain Bridge. Our cavalry had a
smart skirmish with three regiments of rebel cavalry to-day, taking
quite a number of prisoners, and killing and wounding others, among
theni 2 commissioned officers. Jacksons headquarters were at New
Market to-day, and Stuarts at Urbana.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Wa8hington, D. C., September 9, 186211 a. in.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Rockville, Md.:
It is represented here that the wagons of regiments and brigades are
unemployed, while requisitions on post quartermaster for transportation
of supplies to your army cannot be filled. This evil should be remedied
by Colonel Ingalls.
H W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
ROCKVILLE, MD., September 9, 186211.45 a. in. -
(Received 3.20 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in-Chief, U. S. Army:
Your telegram of 11 a. in. received. You have been entirely mis-
informed. Every train belonging to this army is actively employed in
bringing up supplies, except a very small number actually necessary to
move camp. Some of the corps cannot even move their necessary bag-
gage until their wagons return. Colonel Ingalls has given the subject
his full attention, and you may rest assured that there neither has been
nor will be any delay that can be prevented by these headquarters.
The great trouble will be in the confusion necessarily existing at Wa~ih-
ington under present circumstances. This, I doubt not, will be speedily
remedied by General Meigs and Colonel Bucker. My cavalry are for-
aging on the country, giving receipts for what they take. I shall fol-
low that plan as far as circumstances render l)0584)le, both for forage
and rations.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
ARLINGTON, September 9, 1862.
General MCCLELLAN, Roekville:
The troops for the defense of the works intrusted to me are nearly all
in position, and if all do their parts you need fear nothing for this por-
tion of the line. General Heintzelman takes, to-morrow, command of
all defenses on this side of the Potomac.
F. J. PORTER,
Major-Gener~zL
Page 221
CRAP. ~.)
CORRESPONDENCE, ETCUNION.
221
BOCKYILLE, September 9, 18628.40 p m.
Maj. Gen. FITz JOHN PORTER, Arlington:
Dispatch received. Our cavalry have had some handsome affairs to-
day, fully maintaining the morale they gained on the Peninsula. We
have i-egained Barnesville and Sugar Loaf Mountain. The army is to-
night well posted to act in any direction the moment the enemy de-
velops his movements. I am now in condition to watch him closely, and
lie will find it hard to escape me if he commits a blunder. We shall
do our best, and I think that will suffice.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
LEESBOROJYGH, Mm,
September 9, 186211.45 a. m.
Maj. Gen. fi. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
The following dispatch from Colonel Devin just received. General
Burnside desires me to say that he will order scouts to be pushed out,
and ascertain if the enemys pickets are at Lisbon, and also to go off in
the direction of Franklinville, Unionville, and Liberty:
BROOKvILLE, MD., September 9, 18628 a. m.
Major-General BURNSIDE:
All quiet as yet this a. m My pickets are in reserve at Triadeiphia and Unity, and
scout the country around Cooksville and the turnpike. The enemy is said to have
pickets at Lisbon. Captain Beardsley stopped a citizen with a pass dated at Fred-
erick yesterday, and signed by Brigadier-General Lee. It is reported that the enemy
is making for Ellicotts Mill, and that they are receiving re-enforcements from Mary-
land. I give this merely as reports current among citizens about CooksvilLe. I will
send another dispatch as soon as I hear from the front.
THOS. C. DEVIN,
Colonel, Commanding Cavalry.
JKO. G. PARKE,
- Chief of Staff.
LEESBOROUGH, Mn., & ptember 9, 1862.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HAIJLECK, General-in-Chief:
The following dispatch just received. We have broken up camp and
will move on to the neighborhood of Goshen and Cracklinton:
BROOKYILLE, September 9, [1862].
General BURNSJ.DE:
I h~d already sent dispatch before the arrival of your message. All is quiet
as yet. My pickets a reserve 6 miles in front of this place, and scout up to Cooks
yule, and are workin~e pike at that place. As far as I can learn, all is quiet this
side ot the railroad, on which the enemy have pickets. My scouts were yesterday to
the northeast end west of Cooksville for some miles, but met none of the enemy. We
are also watching the front to Lisbon, where the enemy are said to have pickets. I
am expecting a report from the front every minute, which I will send as soon as re-
ceived.
Respectfully,
THOS. C - T)EVIN,
Colonel.
P. S.Have just received report from extreme front. Up to 3 p. m. all quiet.
Scouted to Lisbon and Damascus last night. No enemy there. We have pickets now
on National road.
THOS. C. DEVIN,
Colonel.
A. L BURNSIDE,
Major- General
Page 222
222 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
BROORVILLE, MD.,
Maj. Gen. H. ~. HALLECK, September 9, 1862-.--7 p. m.
General-in-Chief, and
General MCCLELLAN:
The following dispatches were received while on the march to-day:
HEADQUARTERS ADVANCE RESERVE,
Li8bon Road Junction, ux mile8 8outh of Cook8ville, September 97 a. m.
Col. T. C. DEVIN:
Sin: Left picket at Cooksville, with whom General Wools cavalry communicated
last night at 9.30 oclock, to ascertain whether General Burnsides advance were at
Cooksville. They consisted of a company of the First Pennsylvania. Twelve men
were seen at Poplar Springs this morning. It is reported an advance of 200 will be
made to Cooksville this morning. Communicated with Lieutenant Patterson this
morning. So far all quiet. Please send rations and forage. Have thought it ex-
pedient to stop the passing of citizens to our rear and return this morning. Sur-
rounded with rebels in disguise. We trust no one will endeavor to reconnoiter to
Lisbon this p. m.
Respectfully,
W. E. BEARDSLEY,
Captain Troop B.
Respectfully forwarded.
THOS. C. DEVIN,
Colond.
TRINITY, MD., September 9.
Colonel DEVIN:
Sin: I sent a patrol party, under command of Sergeant Real, last evening about 6
oclock. They patrolled the road between this place and Damascus, and arrived at
said place at 11 oclock. They learned that the rebels had a force at Kemptown, and
their pickets werewithin 2 miles of Damascus. They have pickets on the railroad
and pike to the right of Damascus. The rebels are in force at Woodbine, on the
turnpike, at that place. General Wools pickets killed 3 rebel pickets night before
last. They are also at Clarksburg, on the Georgetown road, to the left of Trinity.
There is said to be a large force at Harristown [Hyattstown], 6 miles to the left of
Damascus. There is a man .at Trinity who has been in the habit of visiting the rebels
ever since they came into that section of country. I think he had better be sent to
headquarters. I sent out a patrol party this a. m. at 3 oclock to scout the roads to
Damascus. They have not yet returned.
Very respectfully,
F. A. PATTERSON,
Fir8t Lieutenant, f2ommanding Troop.
A. E. BUR~4 SIDE,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE & OMAC,
Camp near Rockville, Septembe~, 186210 p. m.
Major-General BURNSIDE, Brookviile:
O~eneral Pleasonton telegraphs that Jacksons headquarters are to-day
at New Market, and J. E. B. Stuarts at Urbana. This indicates that
enemy intends moving on Baltimore, and it is now more necessary than
ever that you should promptly execute the instructions of to-day, to
drive in the enemys pickets to Ridgeville, and beyond if possible, by
cavalry and section of horse artillery. Push your reconnaissance north
of railroad as far as possible toward Westminster; also by Ridgeville
road from Damascus to IRidgeville. Should the enemy make any demou-
stration toward Baltimore, let his column get well iu motion, and then
attack him vigorously on the flank, sending immediate information to
the major-general commanding, who will support you with all his avail
Page 223
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 223
able force. Our cavalry has been quite successful to.day. It has re-
possessed itself of Barnesville and Sugar Loaf Monutain, and has taken
18 prisoners, 3 of them officers. Two cavalry regiments will join us to-
morrow, and will be sent to strengthen our right. Report more fre-
quentlyevery hour when near the telegraph stationwhat is the result
of the reconnaissance toward Ridgeville. Allow no one to pass by the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad or the National road without your knowl-
edge. Come to your telegraph station at once. General McClellan will
go to the office here immediately upon your doing so, and will talk with
you over the wires.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS RIGHT WING,
Brookville, Md., S~ptember 9, 186210.15 p. m.
Major-General HALLECK and
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
The following dispatcli is just received from Colonel Devin:
GOSHEN, 9thS p. m.
Major-General BURNSIDE:
Lieutenant Easton, of this regiment, left camp at 10 a. m. to-day, with 4 men, to ob-
tain information in the neighborhood of Damascus. He hasjust returned, and reports
having met and driven in their pickets, 24 miles from Hyattstown, on the road
to Damascus. He wounded 1 of their men, and chased the others into the reserve at
the foot of the hill leading to Hyattstown. The reserve seemed to number about a
coml)any. The people there represented the enemy to be in force, with cavalry at
Ridgeville, on the National road, and that their pickets are 2 miles this side of that
place, on the road from Damascus. If such is the case, Captain Cutts and Captain
Van Buren, who went out on that road at 4 p. in., will meet them. The last I heard
from Captain Cutts he was at Damascus, and was about starting for Ridgeville. I
send another troop to Damascus to cover him.
Very respectfully,
THOS. C. DEVIN.
A. E. BURNSIDE.
HDQRS. FIRST BRIG., FIRST DIV., SECOND ARMY CORPS,
Camp near Rockvifle, Md., September 9, 1862.
Brig. Gen. ALPHEUS S. WILLIAMS,
Commanding Second Corp8:
GENERAL: I deem it my duty to submit to you, and to urge upon your
attention, the following report of the condition of the First Brigade, First
Division, of the army corps under Major-General Banks:
Since the engagement at Cedar Mountain, on the 9th of August, and
in which my brigade was well nigh destroyed, the service required ht~s
been of such a character as to threaten, in its reduced and shattered con-
dition, the very existence of its organization.
No time or opportunity has been allowed, from the necessities of the
service, either to rest the men or to reorganize the companies and regi-
ments, which have lost field and staff and company officers, both com-
missioned and non-commissioned, and I am now in command of a brigade
which, consisting nominally of four regiments, numbers at this moment,
in the rank drawn np in the advance line to meet the enemy, but 629
effective men.
Every day adds to the report of the medical officers of these regi-
ments, and they unanimously show that it is owing to the nature of th
Page 224
224 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI
service to which we have lately been subjected, the great exposure they
have suffered, the deprivation of proper food, and the want of absolute
rest that the present condition has been induced. Depression of spirit
adds greatly to the induction of camp diseases, and this exists to a cer-
tain extent among the men.
Most of our marches have been made during the heat of the day, and
we arrived in camp almost invariably at night, when the men, worn out,
throw themselves upon the ground to seek rest, regardless of the dews
and indifferent to hunger.
There are many men belonging to the command who cannot, from ab.
solute want of muscular tone, follow in its marches. Men never known
to fall behind, upon previous marches, do so now. Three of the regi.
ments are without one field or staff officer; company officers are few,
and non-commissioned officers either wholly or partially wanting in all
the companies.
The organization, the very existence, of these regiments trembles in
the balance. Captains, inexperienced in the service, are commanding the
Twenty-eighth New York, the Fifth Connecticut, and the Forty-sixth
Pennsylvania. Corporals are commanding companies, reduced almost
to their proper guards.
The men feel the want of their officers, and there is nothing which
keeps them together but the common interest and association, and I
have no hesitation in saying that unless some opportunity is afforded
these regiments to rest and to reorganize, their regimental character will
cease to exist.
My men nt,ed rest, and I respectfully urge upon the general command-
ing that he will use hi~ influence, after the present exigency, to send this
brigade to some point where, while they may be useful, they at the same
time will have an opportunity to reorganize and recruit both the health
and spirits as well as meli.
* * * * * * *
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
S. W. CRAWFORD.
[Iudorsejnents.]
HEADQUARTERS BANKS Coups,
& neca Bun, & ptember 9, 1862.
Respectfully forwarded. The main difficulty with this brigade is the
loss of field and staff officers in three regiments. Most of the company
officers were also disabled in the action at Cedar 1~Iountain. Three regi-
ments are commanded by captains. If recruitg could be had, and the
vacancies in officers promptly filled, the partial demoralization would be
effectually removed.
A. S. WILLIAMS,
Brigadier-General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
& ptember 10, 1862.
Respectfully forwarded to the Adjutant General for the consideration
of the General-in-Chief. It is recommended that measures be taken to
cause the vacancies among the commissioned officers to be speedily filled.
As much opportunity will be afforded the brigade to rest as circum-
stances will permit.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
.4ssi8tant Adjutant- ~eneral
Page 225
CHAP. XXXLJ CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 225
CIRCULAR.] HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Camp near Rockville, Md., September 9, 1862.
The general commanding has observed the frequent absence from their
commands while in camp, and from their columns on the march, of su-
perior officers. These laxities must be remedied. Inattention and care-
lessness on the part of those high in rank has been one fertile source
of the straggling and want of discipline which now obtain in the vari-
ous corps.
The safety of the country depends upon what this army shall now
achieve; it cannot be successful if its soldiers are one-half skulkino to
the rear, while the brunt of battle is borne by the other half, and its
officers inattentive to observe and correct the grossest evils which are
daily occurring under their eyeA.
The general commanding entreats all general officers to lend every
energy to the eradication of the military vice of straggling. He feels
assured that their united determination can break np the practice in a
single week.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
[S. WILLIAMS,]
Assistant Adjutant- General.
QUARTERMASTER-GENERALS OFFICE,
Washington City, September 9, 186~.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Headquarters Army of Washington:
GENERAL: Requisitions for provisions and supplies for the portion
of your army north of this city are received, and the quartermaster of
this depot, Colonel Rucker, has not the means of transporting them to
the front, as requested. This service should be performed by the sup-
ply trains of the army. Its chief quartermaster has been ordered to
turn over surplus wagons to the depot quartermaster, who has iot as
yet received them.
Colonel Clary reports that he brought in from Centreville not less
than 37000 wagons. You had at Harrisons Landing 2,700. General
Bnrnside had a number. I believe there are with the army nuder your
command not less than 6,000 wagons, drawn by 30,000 animals, and
yet such is the confusion that it is impossible this morning to send out
at once the supplies called for by your requisition. I think that while
stationary here, no regiment should be allowed to have in its camp more
than two or three wagons, which could haul out its daily rations from the
depot; that the rest should be unloaded and parked about this city for
use as supply trains, and for issue to regiments ordered to march, none
of which should be allowed in all more than one wagon to 80 men, in-
cluding officers.
The extra wagons, now filled with officers baggage, should be emp-
tied, and the officers compelled to move without this unnecessary load.
None but the stringent authority of the commander of the army can
carry out this reform, and, until it is done, the army will not be a iuov-
able one, and will not be effective. Colonel Ingalls, your chief quarter-
master, armed with full power from you, could, if here, in a few days
reduce to order this confusion, which is now wasting the Treasury and
the means of transportation collected here. The wagons and teams hay-
ing once been issued to your army, I have not the power to organize
them, as orders from me in relation to them interfere with your authority.
1~ R RYOL XIX, PT II
Page 226
22~ OPERATIONS IN N. \TA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
I beg that you will at once give such orders to Colonel Ingalls as will
enable him to reform this abuse. No one is more able or more zealous.
It requires full authority, as corps and division commanders, as well
as subordinate officers, dislike to reduce their means of wagou transpor-
tation.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
M. C. MEIGS,
Quartermaster. General.
[Indorsement.]
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Septenzber 10, 1862.
Respectfully referred to Colonel Ingalls, who is (lesired to take such
measures as will insure a compliance with the wishes of the Quarter-
master.General, as presented iu this communication.
By order of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant. General.
GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. 155. ~ Camp near Rockville, Md., iSeptember 9, 1862.
The mischievous practice of straggling, it is observed, is agaiu insti-
tuted in this army, and this, in many cases, without the least apparent
concern on the par.t of commanding officers of either the higher or lower
grade. Straggling is habitually associated with cowardice, marauding,
and theft. The straggler must now be taught that he leaves the ranks
without authority and skulks at the severest risk, even that of death.
Commanders of regiments will see that the rolls of every company are
called before the regiment starts on the march, at every halt, and at the
close of the march. The absentees at these roll.calls will be reported
to the regimental adjutant. Regimental adjutants will retain lists of
absentees thus reported to them, and if, upon the stragglers joining his
company, he have not a good excuse for his absence, the word strag-
gler, and the date, and time absent, will be set against the soldiers
name on the next muster-roll. The judges of the validity of this excuse
will be the three senior officers of the regiment, in session together.
Loss of pay for the time absent, as a matter of course, follows this
entry; but colonels of regiments will see that stragglers are, besides,
brought to punishment. Field officers have now, by law, all the power
that a regimental court-martial had for the punishment of offenders.
In the absence of a field officer, an acting field officer may exercise these
powers. If the proffered excuse exhibit laxity or neglect of duty on
the part of company commanders, their names will be reported for dis-
inissal, or they may be brought to trial.
On the march, corps commanders should allow rest at proper inter.
vals, that the troops may have an opportunity to adjust their equip-
ments, obey the calls of nature, & c. Except at these rests, no man
should be allowed to leave the ranks, save for some extraordinary cause,
when the company commanders will give the soldier a written ticket of
permission to leave the ranks. These tickets should be prepared in
blank beforehand. Every soldier thus leaving the ranks will leave his
musket, haversack, and knapsack with the company, which the captain
will have carried by soldiers of the company till the soldier returns. If
the soldier be sick and fall out, his sickness will be no plea in his favo
Page 227
CHAP. XXXI.I COR1~ESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 227
for escape from the peiialties o~ straggling unless furnished with a writ-
ten certificate of his sickness from the surgeon or assistant surgeon of
the regiment. Sick men should in all cases be properly taken charge
of by the medical officers of the regiments, that they may not be accused
of straggling if really sick or wounded.
Each division should have a strong rear guard, behind which no
straggler of whatever corps or regiment should be permitted to re-
main, unless the stragglers company is to the rear.
It the division have any cavalry with them, it will scour the country
on the flanks; if not, then infantry flankers of the rear guards must
l)erform that office. The bayonet must be used to insure obedience to
these orders~
The inspector-general of corps should be especially active, to see that
these instructions are executed.
Provost-marshals will send cavalry, where they have it, on all roads
to their rear to hurry up all stragglers. No straggler should be per-
mitted to halt until he has joined his proper regiment.
On all forks of roads, corps commanders should leave mounted men,
if they have them~ ifnot,footmen to remain during the passageoftl~e
corps, and come up with the rear guard, to show which way the trool)s
jhave marched.
The provost-marshals of corps or divisions should take measures to
occupy every dwelling in the vicinity of the line of march of the troops,
and prevent any intrusion on the part of officers and men.
All damages to fences or crops, all marauding and trespassing will
be prevented as far as possible. Marauders will be at once brought to
trial by (livision commanders, and the sentence of death will be exe-
cuted, if awarded by the court, with promptness and as publicly ~
possible.
Any officer of any regiment or corps whatever is authorized to order
forward or arrest any straggler of any regiment in the army. Resist-
ance to such exercise of authority will be at the risk of death.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
WASHINGTON, September 9,1862.
Major-General BANKS, Commanding:
GENERAL: Major-General Heintzelman is placed by the President in
command of all the troops for the defense of Washingtomi south oC the
Potomac,* subject, however, to your general orders. Gemieral Ileiutzel-
man should be directed to establish his lines of battle, as well as the
defenses of the forts, and to see that lines of communication be kept
open in their rear, so that any point of attack can be readily re-enforced.
Great care should be taken to establish outposts and pickets. Another
l)oint which requires immediate attention on both sides of the river is
the picking up and organizing of stragglers. Special (letails should be
made for this purpose.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
By Special Orders, No. 231, Par. III, Head quarters of the Army, of same date
Page 228
228 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [OSAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 9, 1862.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Port Lyon:
By direction of the President, you will at once assume command of all
the troops for the defense of Washington south of the Potomac, nuder
the general order of the major-general commanding the Defenses of
Washington. The General-in-Chief desires that you will establish your
lines of battle in addition to the defenses of the works, and will see that
lines of communication are kept open in their rear, so that any point of
attack may be readily re-enforced. Great care should be taken to estab-
lish the outposts, and to have the picket service efficiently performed.
Please acknowledge.
By command of Major-General Banks:
ItICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
ROCKVILLE, Mn.,
September 9, 186210 p. m. (Received 3.15 a. in., 10th.)
Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS:
I have heard to-day that lleiutzelmau has been placed in command
of everything on the Virginia side of the river. I prefer not to have
this done, unless there is some good reason for it. Please communicate
with me before carrying this order mm effect, giving me your reasons for
die proposed change. Please recollect that I am still responsible for the
defense of Washington, and that no change can be made in my arrange-
ments without consulting me. I wish to give you the fullest latitude,
but at the same time I desire to be consulted as to any changes made in
important commands. Please reply immediately. Suspend the opera-
tion of the order until you hear from me.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
September 9, 186210.10 a m.
Governor CURTIN, Harrisburg:
Your telegram of last night in regard to your proposed military
operations was referred to the General-in-Chief for such directions as
he might dcciii proper under the circumstances. He will communicate
with you.
EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
HARRISBURG PA
Hon. E. N. STANTON: , ., September 9, 1862.
Please give me authority to use the regular cavalry and their officers
at Carlisle Barracks, amid such of the Anderson Troop as I may need,
for immediate service in the valley. Instruct Captain Hastings to con-
form to my orders. I want to send tIme force under charge of Captain
Palmer, Captain Hastings to provide subsistence and other supplies that
they may need. I want to use them as scouts south of the State line
as desired by General McClellan. Answer.
A. G. CURTIN
Page 229
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 229
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
September 9, 186211.15 a. in.
Governor CIJETIN:
Your telegram respecting the troops in Carlisle Barracks will be an-
swered by the General-in-Chief, to whom you will apply for instructions
in relation to military operations.
EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
HARRISBURG, September 9, 186210.30 a. in.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Rockville, Aid.:
Report from scouts at Hagerstown this morning says no rebels nearer
than Middletown, 5 miles from Frederick. He has positive information,
however, that Lieutenant-Colonel Brum [Burks~J, of Stuarts cavalry,
intends making a raid upon Hagerstown. Nothing from Martinsburg
or Harpers Ferry. Road in both directions unprotected. We expect
to reopen telegraph office at Hagerstown this evening, and will send
about 400 cavalry from Carlisle to Hagerstown to-night, and vatrol all
that region to secure information.
A. G. CURTIN.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 9, 1862.
Governor CURTIN, ~arrisburg, Pa.:
It is not deemed advisable to assemble troops at so many different
])oints. For the present we want all troops sent here. We can protect
Harrisburg better from this vicinity than to weaken our force by leaving
them there. Should our communications be cut off, of course, we cannot
get them here. Under these circumstances, I cannot consent to the re-
tention of troops at Harrisburg, nor can we spare any to send there at
l)resent.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 9, 1862. (Received 4 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK:
I have just received your message. You evidently do not under-
stand my wishes on the subject. I want the regular cavalry, now at
Carlisle garrison, and a portion of the Anderson Troop, in camp at that
l)lace, placed under my orders, to perform patrol duty at or near flagers-
town, to ascertain movements of the enemy, if any are made, and to
(luiet the alarm now existing among the l)eople of the valley and along
the border of the State. All the military organizations ready for the
field have been sent forward to Washington. The force at Carlisle,
which I want placed under my direction, is not performing any service.
Can I have them 0? 1 know they can be made serviceable. Answer.
A. G. CURTIN
Page 230
230 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAr. XXXL
HARRISBURG, PA., & ptember 9, 18624 p.111.
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in. Chief:
Please define the duties which General Andrew Porter is expected to
l)Crform. lie is here without definite instructions, and feels somewhat
embarrassed. 1 hope you will give him ample power to organize and
direct the movement of forces in this region. lie then can be of great
service to me. Please answer.
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY CORPS,
Hon. ANDREW G. CURTIN, Baltimore, September 9, 1862.
Governor of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg, Pa.:
SIR: Send the New York regiments forward to Washington. I have
iio companies to send from here to Cockeysville and vicinity. If you
have a Peunsylvaiiia regiment, you are authorized to use it for the de-
fense of the Northern Central Railroad. If you have not a regiment to
spare, send as many companies as you can. We have just received
muster-rolls for three companies of Colonel Wisters regiment. General
Burnside is within a few miles of the rebel pickets with a large force.
General McClellan is also marching on.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 9, 1862.
Major-General MCCLFLLAN, A~oekville:
The operator at Hanover just telegraphs that the main body of the
enemy, believed to be over 100,000 strong, are within a few miles of
Frederick and north of the city. The enemys cavalry have not been
nearer than 18 miles to Hanover, and no rebels have appeared at Get-
tysburg or in that direction. A deserter from the rebel army just in at
Hanover confirms above statement, which was gathered from Unioti
refugees. Telegraph offices reopened at Hagerstown this evening.
Operator reports all quiet, and no evidence of enemy in that region.
THOMAS A. SCOTT.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., September 9, 1862.
His Excellency the PRESIDENT:
SIR: By instructions, I have the honor to communicate to you the
opinions of the citizens of Philadelphia on the exposed condition of their
city, and their utter want of means of defense. With the hope that
their views may receive your immediate attention, I have the honor to
be, respectfully, your obedient servant,
THOMAS WEBSTER,
Vice- Chairman.
At a meeting of Citizens Bounty Fund Committee, the following l)reanll)le and
resolutions were unanimously adopted:
Whereas the rapid advances of rebel armies into Western Maryland, and toward the
border of Pennsylvania, renders it absolutely necessary that something should b
Page 231
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 231
immediately done to secure the safety of the city of Philadelphia; and whereas experi-
ence has proved that, however large the United States armies on the Potomac should
be, it may be possible for rebel armies to elude them and keep on their way north-
ward; and whereas the city of Philadelphia is at this time without defenses of any
kind: Therefore,
1?csolred, That application be immediately made to the Governor of the Common-
wealth and the President of the United States for all the aid in troops, arms, and ma-
terial of war which can be spared for the defense of Philadelphia; and that as the
State has been stripped of organized troops to carry on the active operations of the
campaign in Virginia, and the State government must, of course, now apply most of
its energies to the prevention of a rebel invasion of the Susquehanna and Cumberland
Valleys, where the danger is imminent, it is to the National Government especially
that we now look for succor.
Re~iolrcd, That the President be requested to detail for service in Philadelphia sonic
experienced general of the army, for the purpose of providing defenses, organizing
and disciplining the militia, and otherwise securing our city against a sudden assault.
ALEXANDER HENRY,
Chairman.
THOMAS WEBSTER,
Vice-Chairman.
S. A. MERCER, Treaeurer.
LEWIS BLODGETT,
Secretary.
WASHINGTON, September 9, 1862.
THOMAS WEBSTER, Philadelphia:
Your dispatch received and referred to General Halleck, who must
control the questions presented. While I am not surprised at your
anxiety, I do not think you are in any danger. If half our troops were
in Philadelphia, the enemy could take it, because he would not fear to
leave the other half in his rear; but with the whole of them here, he
dares not leave them in his rear.
A. LINCOLN.
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH CORPS,
Camp near Baltimore, September 9, 1862.
Major-General McCLELLAN:
Received your dispatch two hours since.* Waiting for my scouts.
They have come in. Major-Generals Lee and Stonewall Jackson, Brig-
adier-General Lee and [Maj. Gen. D. H.] Hill are at Frederick, with a
large force; some say the whole rebel army. They are in a positiomi to
take one of three or four roads, to Chambersburg, to Hagerstown, to
Gettysburg, to Baltimore, or to recross the Potomac. General Buruside
is not far from Cooksville, and Si gel is reported to be near Poolesville.
Where the rebel army is going is more than I can conjecture. It ap-
pears to be concentrated, andit is thought it intends moving to-day.
Our forces [ought~ to be within reach of each other, or they may be
beaten in detail. The rebels, it is said in knowing circles, are not com-
ing to. Baltimore. If they do, I will prevent their occupying the city of
Baltimore longer than to pass through it. I would urge concentration
of the forces of Burnside and Sigel. The l)osition of the rebel army
was communicated to me by General (YIDonnell, of this city, who passed
~hrough their camps. The rebels had destroyed the Monocacy Bridge
yesterday morning at 10 oclock, and also the Monrovia l)epot.
JOHN E. WOOL,
]Ilajor- General.
See McClellan to Halleck, 8.50 p. in., September 8, p. 212
Page 232
232 OPERATIONS IN N. VA, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [OH~P. XXfl.
IEtJTAW HOUSE,
Baltimore, Md., & ~ptember 9, 1862.
Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War:
I have telegraphed Major-General McClellan that the rebel forces are
in Frederick and the neighborhood, commanded by Major-Generals Lee
and Stonewall Jackson, and Brigadier-Generals Lee and Hill. They
have a large force, and some say the whole rebel army. I received this
information from General ODonnell, of this city. He says that he is a
Union man, and was in Frederick yesterday. He said that General Lees
headquarters were about 5 miles from Frederick. The rebel portion is
near the junction of four roads, which run to Chambersburg, ilagerstown,
Baltimore, and Gettysburg. Major-General Burnside was near Cooks-
yule, and Sigel near Poolesville. The Moitocacy Bridge and Monrovia
Depot were destroyed by the rebels yesterday.
JORK E. WOOL,
Major- General.
BALTIMORE, MD.,
September 9, 18627.50 p. in.
Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War:
General McClellan says, by telegraph, that he learned from a gentle-
man just from Ellicotts Mills that the rebel l)ickets were seen at Wood-
bine. They had stopped the cars, and were coining on the turnl)ike and
railroad to destroy iailroad at the junction of Baltimore an(l Ohio Rail-
road at Relay House. Can you not send me at least one light battery
to aid in protecting that bridge ~? I have only two light batteries that
can be moved, not having horses for one recently organized in this city.
The two batteries capable of being used are stationed on other roads.
I, therefore, request at least one light battery, and at least two squad-
rons of cavalry. We ought to have the regiment I sent you the 13th
of August. We have at least four roads by which the rebels could enter
Baltimore. I am surprised that I have not heard from General Burnside.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
Major-General HALLECK, GAULEY, VA., September 9, 1862.
General-in- Chief:
It is evidently necessary that I should fall back to enable tue to l)ro-
tect my flanks and rear, and, with the generals permission, I will take
l)OsitiOn on the Kanawha River, 12 miles above Charleston, embracitig
the Kanawha Salt-Works, and at the head of low-water navigation. in
this event, what should I do with the bridge and such buildings as I
cannot get away I
J. A. J. LIGHTBURN,
tYolonel, Commanding District of the Kanawha.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington 6ity, September 10, 186210.15 a. in.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Rockville, Md.:
How does it look now I
A. LINCOLN
Page 233
Caie. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 233
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Camp near Rockville, Md., & pternber 10, 1862noon.
(Received 1.45 p. in.)
His Excellency the PRESIDENT:
In reply to your dispatch of this morning, 1 have the honor to state
that. General Pleasonton, at Baruesville, reports that a movement of the
enemy last night is said to have been made across the Potomac from
this side to the other side. We shall know the truth of this rumor
soon. Pleasonton is watching all the fords as high as Conrads Ferry
and has pickets out to the month of the Monocacy. lIe has sent out
this morning to occupy Sugar Loaf Mountain, from which a large ex-
tent of country can be seen in all directions. General Burnside had
his scouts out last night to IRidgeville, and within 3 miles of New Mar-
ket. No enemy seen, with the exception of a few l)ickets. They were
told that Stuarts cavalry, 5,000 in number, occupied Ne~v Market, and
that the main rebel force, under Jackson, was still at Frederick. Burn-
side has sent a strong reconnaissance to-day to the mountain l)~55 at
Ridgeville. I propose, if the information I have received proxTes reliable
regarding the natural strength of this position, to occupy it with a suf-
ficient force to resist an advance of the enemy in that directioii. 1 have
scouts and Spies pushed forward in every direction, and shall soomi be
in possession of reliable and definite information. The statements I get
regarding the enemys forces that have crossed to this side range fi-oni
SO 000
to V~0,O00. I am perfectly certain that none of the enemys troops
have crossed the Potomac within the last twenty-fonr hours belo~v the
mouth (1 the IVlomiocacy. I was informed last night by General Pleas-
oidon that his information rendered it probable that Jacksons forces
lIa(l advanced to Ne~v Market, with Stuarts cavalry at Urbana. In
view of this, I ordered the army forward this morning to the line along
the high iidge fromn Ridgeville through Damascus, Clarksbnrg, & e., but
the in torniation subsequently obtained from General Burn sides seoti t s,
that the iiiass of the emmemy was still at Frederick, induced me to sums-
l)elld the movement of the right wing until I could verify the truth of
the reports by means of Burn sides reconnaissance iim force to-(lay. My
extreme left a(lvanced to Poolesville this morning. The work of meom-
gammizing and refitting is progressing very satisfactorily under the new
heads of staff departments.
Dispatch this instant received from Gemmeral Pleasonton, dated Barnes-
ville, 10.30 a. in., says:
My scouts occupy the ferry at the mouth of the Monocacy. They found no enemy,
except a few pickets on the other side of the Monocacy, at Licksville. Ahout 3 miles
from that stream it was reported there was a force of 6,000 men.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
WASHINGTON, D. C., & ptember 10, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Rockville,3iId.:
Scouts report that the remainder of the Confederate Army, under
Smith [I] and Robertson, were to cross tIme Potomac last night at Ed-
wards Ferry and Monocacy. No reliable account of numbers. They
themselves say about 40,000.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chie
Page 234
234 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. fOHAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Camp near Rockville, Aid., & pternber 10, 18621 2.30 p. m.
Maj. (iCil. H. W. IIALLECK, (Received 2 ~. in.)
General-in- Chief:
For reply to your (lispatch of 10 a. In., l)lease see my dispatch of 12
ii. to the President, in rel)ly to his of to-day. It gives at length all the
information 1 have that has not already been sent you.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C., & ptember 10,1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Rockville, lid.: (Sent 4 ix in.)
Three oood regiments have arrived from Suffolk. 1-lad they not better
be united with some new regiments as a reserve brigade, near Tennally-
town or some other point, instead of sending them immediately into
the field ?
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
BROOKYILLE, MD., & ptember 10, 18628 p. in.
(Received 8.50 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK:
General Buraside has an advance guard at Daniascus; 5,000 men at
Goshen and Seneca Bridge; 4,000 at Cracklinton. hookers command
is in the vicinity of Brookville. I cannot leant that there is any large
force of the enemys infrmntry this side of the Monocacy. I think there
is little indication of the enemys advancing either on Baltimore or York.
I shall probably get positive information to-morrow.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
BROOJVlLL1~, 1~ID., & ptember 10, 186211.55 p. in.
(Received September 11,12.10 a. in.)
Major-General HALLECK:
I have ordered a general advance to-morrow. Send me up all the
troops you can spare.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Camp near Rock.ville, Aid., September 10, 18623.30 a. in.
Major-General BANKS:
The (hisposition of trool)s here to-day is such as to uncover Washing-
ton slightly in the (lirection of Baltimore. Put both your troops and
works on this side of the river in good condition for defense.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
H. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff
Page 235
CHAr. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE. ETC.UNION. 235
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
OFFICE OF CHIEF QUARTERMASTER,
Camp at Rockville, ]Jfd., September 10,1862.
General S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General, U. S. Army:
GENERAL: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of the letter
of General Meigs to General McClellan, of the 9th instant, referred to
me to-day from your office.
It is true there exists much confusion in the trains belonging to the
Army of Virginia, but none in the Army of the Potomac. Our wagons
are but just being disembarked and coming up. Some 70 of General
Sumners, for instance, arrived to-day. All the wagons of the old
Army of the Potomac are in possession of officers of the quartermasters
department, and will be present with their commands at the earliest
moment. The whole number is not far from 2,400. Bnt I have tried
in vain, so far, to learn the number and location of very many of the
wagons with Banks, Burusides, Sigels, and McDowells corps. I have
issued positive orders, by direction of the general commanding, to all
(lilarterinasters to report the number of wagons, and how employed.
Colonels Myers, Holabird, and some others have replied that they do
not know, but will soon report in detail. Colonel Clary did not know
how many he had, or rather how many were lost on the retreat. It does
miot appear that the commander of the Army of Virginia ever knew
how many wagons there were, nor what quartermasters were on duty.
I have made constant attempts to ascertain by actual inspection, but
as the trains are ~cattered, going and coming with supplies, I have
failed to arrive at any satisfactory result.
Before I left Washington it was ordered that all surplus wagons in
the whole army should be turned in to the depot quartermaster. Many
have actually been turned in, but the order has been evaded, to the
I)ublic detriment. I have no knowledge of the number turned in, since
Colonel Rucker has, so far, furnished me no information on that or other
subjects. It is known that many regiments in the Arniy of Virginia
have an unauthorized number of teams and quantity of baggage.
I have, I re l)eat, exerted all my power, backed by the order of the
general commanding, without complete snccess, though the supplies are
really coming forward quite abundantly, and I hope soon to reduce the
transportation to a uniform and efficient system. To compel the bring-
ing about of this result at once, I respectfully ask that the general
commanding will issue a most positive order again to all commanders
that they shall have full reports made by their chief quartermasters to
me of their means of transportation on hand, and the names of officers
acting in the quartermasters department in their commands; and that
the allowance of wagons to a regiment, to a brigade and division head-
(itlarters, to a battery, and squadron shall not exceed that established
for the Army of the Potomac. Let the commanders be held responsible,
all(l arrested and tried for delay or (lisobedience. This information
should be furnished as accurately and promptly as a field return of
men. I desire that the order shall embrace every commander under the
orders of the general commanding.
In conclusion, I would further recommend that Lient. Col. C. G. Saw-
telle, assistant quartermaster, now on duty in this army, be made the
depot qnartermnaster for this army at Washington and Alexandria, leav-
11mg Colonel llueker and his general (lel)ot to lie under the exclusive con-
tiol of the Quartermaster-General, for general purposes. This arrange.
ment woIld prevent any conflict of duties, and would leave each depo
Page 236
236 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., A~D PA. [CHAP. XX~.
in a perfect condition to transact its own affairs efficiently and with full
(lata which is not the case now, nor can it be, nuder the l)reseut system.
Colonel Sawtelle has the officers, agents, laborers, & c., necessary, now in
service, and all being directly subject to my orders, there would be, I am
sure, more satisfaction to all parties than we feel now.
I am, general, very respectfully, your most obedient servant,
RUFUS INGALLS,
Lieutenant- Colonel and Aide-dc- Camp, Chief Quartermaster.
[Indorsements.]
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 11, 1862.
This letter of Lieutenant-Colonel Ingalls, chief quartermaster Army
of the Potomac, is respectfully referred to Brigadier-General Meigs, as
being a i-eply to his letter of September 9, 1862, on the subject of the
transportation of the army.
The topics of General Meigs letter will receive the attentive consid-
eration of the general commanding.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
Acknowledge receipt of this letter, and say that it seems to the Quar-
termaster-General proper to put Lieutenant-Colonel Saw telle in charge
of the service depot of the army of General McClellan, to take charge of
all property belonging to or issued to that army. This will leave Colonel
l1uck~r in charge of the general depot. The supplies, except of forage,
to be4lrawn by requisition upon the general depot. Colonel Rucker or
his subordinates receipting to the quartermaster t urnin g in trail sporta-
lion should be reported by them to Colonel In galls. Colonel Ilucker will
be instructed to inform Colonel Jugalls of the imum her of teams so turned
in to him.
M. C. MEIGS.
HEADQUARTERS,
Washington, September 10, 186211 a. m.
(Received 11.30 a. in.)
General GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN, Roekville:
An officer of General Bolilens staff, Sigels corps, who was killed on
the Rappahannock, at Freemans Ford, has been sent under flag of truce
for the body of the general. He reports that there is no enemy iii time
vicinity of Fairfax, Centreville, Manassas Junction, or Warrenton Junc-
tion, or at any intermediate point this side the Rappahannock. One cav-
alry l)atrol of 50 men was all he met. Citizens say the entire army ha.s
moved north. General Porters scouts reported, yesterday, the enemy
in strong force between Broad Run and Leesburg. It seems most prob-
able that the main body of the enemy is between Leesburg and the
mountains.
The marshal of the State of Maryland, McPhail, says he thinks the
rebels are moving on Baltimore. He has no certain information. At
ilagerstown all is quiet; no rebels there or at Martinsburg.
We are putting everything in readiness here as fast and as far as
possible.
The order referred to in your dispatch of 3 a. in. was from the President.
N. P. BANKS,
Major-tftneral, Commanding
Page 237
C~IAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UMON.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 10, 186211 a. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Rocicvilie, Md.:
Your dispatch of last night received this morning. The order placing
General Heintzelman in command of all troops for the defense of Wash-
ington south of the Potomac, under my general orders, came from the
President yesterday afternoon, through the General-in-Chief. I knew
nothing of it until I received General ilallecks order. Under these cir-
ciimstances 1 do not feel at liberty to suspend the order. It was car-
ried into execution before receiving your dispatch. I beg to assure you
that I should have made, and will make, 110 important change iii your
arrangements without your concurrence.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, September 10, 18628.30 p. m.
General MARCY,
Chief of Staff, die., Rockville, Md.:
My reference was to tile Catoctin Mountains. It seemed as if a strong
force lay between Leesburg and the Catoctin. It is thought here, to-
night, that a heavy force has crossed the river, and is in the rear of the
Monocacy. It is not impossible that they mean to hold Northern Vir-
ginia, in this way threatening Washington, Baltimore, Pennsylvania,
and Ohio at the same moment.
Please forward us the news.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 10, 18(2l0 p. m.
Maj.Gen.N. P. BANKS:
Our pickets extend up to the month of the Monocacy. No force of
tIme rebels has crossed this side of there within the past thirty-six hours.
A force of 5,000 of the enemy is reported as having been to-day at a
l)oint 3 miles beyond the Monocacy. The enemy is believed to be in
heavy force in the neighborhood of Frederick.
IL B. MARCY,
Chief of AStU if.
WASHINGTON, September 10, 1862.
Major-General BANKS, Commanding, cti~c.:
GENERAL: It is very important that General Slough should have
adequate force at his command at Alexandria. I hope his forces will
not he taken away, unless there is absolute necessity for it. He can
open a school of instruction for his regiments, in addition to their police
duty.
Very respectfully,
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
Page 238
238 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA, MD., AND PA. [CHAP.XXXL
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE J~OTOMAC,
Necr Rockville, 114., September 10, 1862.
General MCCLELLAN, Brookville, 9114.:
The following dispatches have been received since you left:
BARNEsvILLE4.45 p. m.
General R. B. MARCY:
Your dispatches at 12 noon and 1.40 p. m. received. General Fiank liii and his corps
arrived, and I submitted to him your directions. I made three attempts to-day to dis-
lodge the rebels from the mountain, but they have a very strong position, and are in
tbrce. As soon as Franklins corps was in position, I withdrew my attacking force.
We lost 1 man, mortally wounded. I shall place my command l)ehin(l Franklin to-
imight, and let them rest, which they are very ninch in need of, having been two or
three days in the saddle, incessantly. I think the rebels ~vi1l make a strong stand at
Sugar Loaf Mountain. General Franklin inclines to an opposite view, and I trust he
is correct.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
BARNES vILLE4.45 p. in.
General R. B. MARCY:
Just heard from Monocacy. The enemy last night attempted to blow lip the aqueduct.
The force at Sykesville came down from Frederick yesterday to effect this, and it is
thought they will again attempt it to-night. The signal officer, who was a long time
on Sugar Loaf Mountain and knows it well, says it is the best posit ion the rebels can
get to make a stand, and he believes the rebels will defend it strongly. This is the
best information I can g~t relative to the mountain position. Unless otherwise ordered,
General Franklin will attack to-morrow.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier-General, Commanding.
BARNESVILLE6 p. m.
General R. B. MARCY:
Captain Reno, First Cavalry, reports from Hyattstowu that the rebels fired on him
with one piece of artillery, and that cavalry is now entering the town. He reports
the enemy with cavalry, infantry, and artillery. I have directed him, if pressed, to
fall back here. This looks like supporting their position on Sugar Loaf Mountaimi.
A. PLEASONTON.
Brigadier-General, Commanding.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of StatJ.
BROOKYILLE, [IVID.]11 .15 J). ilL
(Received Washington, I). C., September 10, 1862.)
General R. B. MARCY:
Direct General Frankliii to remain at Barnesville to-morrow, and put
himself in communication with General Sumner, at Cl arksburg. Direct
him to carry Sugar Loaf to-morrow, if possible. If lie finds the enemy
there in very strong force, let him await the result of Sumners advance
on llyattstown, an(l communicate with inc at Clarksburg, when I will
arrange to cut off the garrison of Sugar Loaf But time earlier we gain
the Sugar Loaf the better. Direct Couch to remain where lie is, and
watch all the fords in his vicinity. Let Pecks (livislon follow the same
route as fast as it arrives.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General
Page 239
CHAP. XX~I.I COR1~ESPONDLNCE, LTC.UNION. 239
I3LIOOKVILLE, September 10, 186211.30 P. Iii.
Brig. U en. R. B. MARCY, J& ck~l1e
General McClellau directs that you send orders to General Sumner to
occupy Damascus and Clarksburg immediately after daylight to-morrow
morning, with a strong advance guard at llyattstown. General Burn -
sides command is ordered to carry New Market to-morrow. Tell Gen-
eral Sumner to sen(I him all the assistance he may call for.
A. V. COLBURN,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
BROOKYILLE, [MD.], September 10, [1862]1l.30.
General 11. B. MARCY:
Direct General Sykes to move his division at an early hour to-morrow
morning, so as to reach Clarksbirg by night, or as far in that directioll
as he can move without unduly fatiguing his men. I wish to keel) them
fresh. Headquarters will move at an early hour to-morrow, so as to
reach the camp of Sykes by night. Endeavor to establish telegraphic
communication between Clarksburg and the right and left to-morrow.
Order the pontoon train, reserve ammunition, & c., to Clarksburg with
the least possible delay.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
IROCKYILLE, September 10, 1862.
General BuRNsIDE:
Occupy Ilidgeville in force as soon as possible. The road by Damascus
seems the best, although you may find it impracticable. A column also
via CQoksville. No time is to be lost. I regard this movement as deci-
sive,if successful. As soon as you move, send word to General Sumner,
at Middlebrook, on the Clarksburg road where it crosses the Seneca.
He will, in the mean time, be ordered from here to move to Clarksburg,
as soon as he learns from you that you intend moving ou Ilidgeville, to
l)lace one of his corps at Clarksburg, another at Damascus, so that your
~vhole force may hold Ilidgevihle, and be prepared to occupy or observe
Frankliuville. I will, in that case, take care of Barnesyille and Pooles-
yule, and move headquarters well out in your (lirection. It is of the first
importance that I should be kept constantly advised of your movements
and progress. Let me know now what you propose doing. Leave
mounted orderlies at the telegraph station. Have the wire 1)tlSlIed on
after you, and tell me now what I may expect.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS NINTH ARMY CORPS,
September 10, 1862.
General Cox,
Gommanding Kanawh a Division:
GENERAL: Von will move with your command at once to Ridgeville,
on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, via Damascus. General Itodman
will follow you, and I will follow with the rest of the corps. General
Hookers corps will go to Poplar Springs, some 4 miles east, and Ge
Page 240
~4O OPE1~ATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CrIAP. XXXI.
eral Sumner will proceed to Damascus as soon as you commence the
movement. Send word to General Sumner as soon as you move; he
is at Middlebrook, on the Clarksburg road, where it crosses the Seneca.
There was no enemy at IRidgeville last night, but are said to be in con-
siderable force at New Market. Send all your cavalry in front. It is
important to reach Ridgeville to-night. I shall endeavor to be there
with the whole corps, and shall certainly be able to get between Damas-
ctis and Ridgeville, within supporting distance of you. When you reach
Ilidgeville, place your artillery in commanding positions, and make your
(lispositions to hold the place. Communicate any information concerii-
ing the movements of the enemy, and report as soon as you reach Ridge-
yule. I will send the First Maine Cavalry to report to you. You will
also take Colonel Devin~s cavalry. General iRodman will take position
a~t Damascus, and hold the road leading to New Market until General
Sturgis division comes up, when he will proceed to join you. It is very
important that this movement should be executed promptly.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. L. RENO,
Major- General, Commanding Ninth Army Corps.
HEADQUARTERS KANAwHA DIVISION,
Goshen Mills, [Mid.], September 10, 1862.
General J. G. PARKE, Chief of Staff:
Sin: The order countermanding the movement to iRidgeville, directed
this morning, was received before my column had proceeded a mile on
the road. I ordered forward the Thirtieth Ohio and a section of Mc-
Mulhins battery to Damascus, replaced the battalion of infantry and
section of artillery at Seneca Bridge, an~ put the remainder of my di-
vision in camp as before. The First Maine Cavalry reported to Captain
Williamson, chief of engineers, at Cracklinton, for a reconnaissance. I
then communicated with General Sumner, and found Banks corps at
Damascus, or very near it, before they halted; Sumners corps near
Clarksburg. They intend to remain to-night at those places, as I under-
stand. This would seem to make my regiment superfluous at Damas-
cus, but I await orders before removing it. Sumners command had
moved early this morning, as I learned, and were thus quite advanced
before my order of movement or the countermanding order came to hand.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant, .~. D. COX,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Division.
HEADQUARTERS NINTH ARMY CORPS,
Brookville, Md., September 10, 1862.
Major.General HOOKER,
Commanding Third Army Corps:
GENERAL: General Buruside directs that you put your corps iii
motion in two columns, the first, with infantry, artillery, and a portion
of the cavalry, to move from this place to Poplar Springs, on the old
National road, and the second, consisting of the balance of your corps,
with the wagons from this place, to Cooksville, on the same road. The
main body of the two will then he concentrate(l and moved up withi
Page 241
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 241
easy supporting (listance of iRidgeville, where General Renos corps will
be in position. Leaving strong guards at Poplar Springs and Cooks-
yule, keep your cavalry well out to the north of the turnpike and rail.
road, in the direction of Franklinville and Westminster. Please com-
municate with the senior officer at Ridgeville if he shall have arrived
at that point, which you can ascertain from your scouts.
Please report at these headquarters as soon as your columns are under
way. Have your adjutant-general or aide report here, and reliable
guides will be furnished you. After communicating with General Mc.
Clellan this morning, I will decide where my headquarters for the night
will be, and inform you.
By command of Major.General Burnside:
JNO. G. PARKE,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS, [September] 10, [1862]9 a. m.
(Received 10.50 a. in.)
General MCCLELL AS, Rockville:
General Griffin, from Uptons Hill, reports that on Monday night the
enemy had only two mounted pickets at iDranesville and no force at
Fairfax Court-House, and believes there is none there now; pickets were
not disturbed last night. Griffin and Kilpatrick have both sent reliable
liarties to Fairfax Court-House and Drauesville, and hope to get reliable
information to-day. Your dispatch received. If a heavy Tam falls, I
hope the enemy will have committed the blunder which they cannot cor-
rect. God grant success to our cause. I return to Corcoran to-day.
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS SECOND ARMY CORPS,
Near Clarksburg, Md., September 110, 1862.
General R. B. MARCY:
I have the honor to report that, in accordance with instructions, dated
3.15 a. m. to-day, I moved my commandBanks corps on Damascus,
and my own on Clarksburg. In obedience to orders received from
Headquarters Army of the Potomac, 12 in., I halted my command, and
shall remain until further orders as I am. Banks corps is within a mile
of Damascus, and my own 3 miles east of Clarksburg. I have placed
my corps in position, and, although the ground is not good, I think it
is secure.
E. V. SUMNER,
Brevet Major- General, U. S. Army.
HEADQUARTERS, [September] 10, [1862]10.50 a. m.
(Received 11.30 a. in.)
Col. A. V. COLBURN,
Headquarters, Rockville:
No enemy to be discovered in front. An officer just returned from a
scout with a squadron reports no enemy between the railroads for 10
miles out, nor did he discover anything of their whereabouts.
ALEX. S. WEBB,
Chief of Staff, .FVth LYorp8.
36 U UVOL flX~ PT I
Page 242
242 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. 252. f Cam near Rockville, Md., September 10, 1862.
* * * * * * *
IV. The following officers are announced as heads of their depart.
ments at these headquarters:
Brig. Gen. John Buford, U. S. Volunteers, chief of cavalry.
First Lieut. Francis J. Shunk, chief of ordnance.
V. Upon representation by its brigade and division commanders, of
the demoralized condition of the Fifty-fifth Regiment New York Volun.
teers, the regiment will proceed to Washington forthwith, and report to
Major-General Banks for assignment to the command of Major.General
Porter, who will use every means to bring the regiment to a state of
efficiency which the circumstances admit of.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major.General McClellan:
[S. WILLIAMS,]
Assistant Adjutant- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Major.General llE~TZELMA~, Washington, September 10, 1862.
Arlington, Va.:
It is reported that the flag of truce on the road to Centreville ceased
to-day at 12 in., and yet some 50 ambulances have been sent out by
the Medical Department. Send cavalry to protect and bring them in.
It is also reported that a body of the enemy has recrossed the Potomac
to attack on the Virginia side. Be ready for them. You must take
care of all stragglers on your side of the river. I will try to dispose of
those here.
H. W. HALLECK
General-in. Chief.
HDQRS. DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON SOUTH OF POTOMAC,
General GROVER, September 10, 186212 In.
Commanding Division near Fort Lyon:
You will occupy the ground from the Potomac on your left, to connect
with General Birney on your right, on Cameron Run, the latter having
been moved to the right.
S. P. HEINTZELMAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
IIDQRS. DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON SOUTH OF POTOMAC,
General JOHN ~. ABEROROMBIE, September 10, 18625 p. in.
Chain Bridge:
it is reported that a body of the enemy has recrossed the Potomac to
attack on the Virginia side. Be ready for them.
S. P. llEINTZEL1~JAN,
Major- General
Page 243
CI~AP. ZXXI.] CORR1~SPONDENCE, ETCtitNION. 243
SURGEON-GENERALS OFFICE,
Washington City, D. C., September 10, 1862.
Maj. Gen. H. XV. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief, Washington, D. C.:
GENERAL: I have the honor to transmit, for your information, the
within communication from Lieut. Col. R. H. Coolidge, medical inspector,
U. S. Army, with the request that you will take such action in the prem-
ises as may be proper.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WILLIAM A. HAMMOND,
Surgeon- General.
[Inclosure.]
SURGEON-GENERALS OFFICE,
Washington City, D. C., September 10, 1862.
Brig. Gen. WILLIAM A. HAMMOND, U. S. Army:
GENERAL: I have to report that all our wounded have been removed
fi-om the battle-field near Groveton, and from the field hospitals at Bull
lion, Manassas Junction, Bristoe Station, and Centreville.
1 arrived at the hospital at Fairfax Seminary with the last of the
wounded at 4 oclock this morning. I will make a detailed report of my
~roceedings as soon as possible, but I now hasten to inform you that
about 6 oclock last evening, while my ainbulan ces and wounded were
in and near Centreville, four citizens of Fairfax Court-House came into
Centreville and reported to the Confederate officer in command, Capt.
l)aniel T. Richard, Sixth Regiment Virginia Cavalry, that a few hours
previous an officer of United States cavalry, with 15 or 20 armed cavalry
soldiers, had dashed into the town and arrested and carried oft at least
one citizen of that place. I saw the persons who brought this report,
and I cannot but think there is truth in it. I have l)romised to report
this circumstance to my Government, and to urge that all persons ar-
rested by the cavalry officer referred to be restored to their liberty, and
that the act of the officer be disavowed.
The officers of the Confederate army understood that the flag of truce
covered the whole road from the battle-field to this city.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
RICHARD H. COOLIDGE,
Medical Inspector, U. S. Army.
P. S.As the flag of trace was to continue until all our wounded were
removed, and no longer, it has expired by its own limitation.
WASHINGTON, September 10, 1862.
Surgeon-General HAMMOND:
GENERAL: The report of Medical Director Coolidge, without date, is
r& urned herewith for date.
You will immediately report when and by what agreement the flag of
truce ceased to have effect; whether all wounded were removed at the
time; to whom and at what times any notification of such arrangement
iu relation to flag of truce was ma(lC; whether any, and how many, am-
bulances were, or now are, beyond our lines; whether they were ordere
Page 244
214
OPERATIONS IN N. VK, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CITAP. XXXI.
back, and such other information on this matter as may be deemed
necessary for a full understanding of the subject.
Very respectfully, your obedieni servant,
J. C. KELTON,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
SURGEON-GENERALS OFFICE,
Washington City, I). C., September 10, 1862.
Col. J. C. KELTON
Assistant Adjutant- General, U. S. Army:
COLONEL: In compliance with the orders of the General-lu-Chief, I
have the honor to state that Medical Inspector Coolidge informs me as
follows:
1st. That he was notified by Capt. Daniel T. Richard, the rebel com-
inander, that the flag of truce would cease when the last wounded man
was removed from the field, allowing a reasonable time in wbich to reach
this city.
2d. All the wounded were removed.
3d. Fifty-two ambulances left this city last evening under charge of
Assistant Surgeon Dunster, U. S. Army. They were sent iii accordance
with the request of Medical Inspector Mussey, who had just returned,
and who represented their need. Nothing has been heard of them since.
It is scarcely time yet for Dr. Dumister to return.
I have no other source of informatiomi than l)r. Coolidge. I inclose a
further report from him.
Very res~)eCtfulIy, your obedient servant,
WILLIAM A. hAMMOND,
Surgeon- General.
[Inclosure.]
WASHINGTON, 1). C., September 10, 1862.
Brig. Gen. WILLIAM A. HAMMOND,
Surgeon- General, U. S. Army:
GENERAL: On placing the last of my wounded soldiers into the am-
bulance at Centreville last evening, after sunset, I had a conversation
with Capt. Daniel T. Richard, Sixth Virginia Cavalry, commanding Con-
le(lerate trool)s at Centreville, of which the following is the substance:
I understood from that officer that by his instructions the flag of truce
expired so soon as the last of our wounded had been removed, giving time
for their arrival at Washington. I suggested that the wounded might
be detained on the road by accident, and that more time than that usually
occupied in traveling from Centreville to Washington might be allowed,
naming until sunset this evening as a desirable extension, so that I might
communicate with my own Government. The officer appeared reluctant
to assent, and it was understood that my train of ambulances would be
considered as having reached Washingtomm at noon to-day.
I presumed that all ambulances in going to Centreville would travel
the road I had been directed to send them by on their return, and I imi-
tended turning back all trains I met, but I saw none.
Time news of our cavalry havimig entered Fairfax Court-House had
somewhat excited the Confederate officers at Centreville. They viewed
the report as true, and considered that the flag of truce had been vio-
lated. 1 did not consider it advisable to question their construction of
their own orders, being glad, under the circumstances, to get our wounded
passed out without detention
Page 245
CHAP. XXX1.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 245
I had 110 orders from General Pope, nor had I seen the rcl)ly of Gen-
eral Lee, (2. S. Army, to that officers application for a flag of truce for
the removal of our wounded. All our wounded were removed before my
departure from Centreville, Va., last evening, about 9 oclock.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
ItLOHARD II. COOLIDGE,
Medical Inspector, U. S. Army.
GENERAL ORDERS, ~ IIDQRS. DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
No. 2. Washington, S~ptember 10, 1862.
I. With the exception of general officers, no officer or soldier will be
allowed to cross any of the bridges or ferries of the Potomac, or to visit
the cities of Washington, Georgetown, or Alexandria, without a pass
signed by the regimental commander and approved by the commanders
of the brigade and division in which the regiment is serving. Such
~)ass~~ will not be granted for a greater period than forty-eight hours,
and every pass must state distinctly the object for which it is granted.
General officers, when recognized as such, require no pass; but they will
not leave their commands without permission from their superior com-
manders. Aides-de-camp and other staff officers, wheii not with their
general, will require passes in the same manner as all other officers.
II. Officers and men belonging to troops serving in the cities of
Washington, Georgetown, and Alexandria will not leave their camps
or barracks without a pass from their regimental commander.
III. The officers of the provost guard will order any officer found in
either of the three cities, contrary to the provisions of this order, to re-
turn to his regiment, in arrest, and his name and regiment will, without
delay, be communicated by the provost-marshal to the division coni-
inander concerned, who will cause him to be~ brought to trial, as soon
as possible, for the violation of this order. Enlisted men found in
either of the three cities without authority will be arrested and kept
under ouard until a guard is sent for them by their division command-
ers, whom the provost-marshal will promptly notify of the arrest, and
who will hold the subordinate commanders concerned responsible for the
absence of their men.
IV. The subject of passes to civilians, not in the military service, will
be regulated by the military governor of the District of Columbia.
V. No wine, beer, or ardent spirits, unless they be for hospital or
subsistence stores, or the private stores of an officer (in either of which
cases they should be so marked), will be allowed to pass the guards at
any of the bridges or ferries, or the guards of any camp or barracks in
this command, without a pass from the military governor or provost-
marshal of Washington or Alexandria, to cover the stores.
VI. Passes granted by a division commander must be signed by the
commander himself, or by not exceeding two officers qf his staff; whose
names and signatures must be reported to the military governor of the
District of Columbia and of Alexandria.
VII. All fast riding or driving is forbidden in the cities of Wash-
ington and Alexandria. Teamsters must drive their teams at a walk.
Orderlies will habitually ride either at a walk or trot; if necessary for
them to ride at a more rapid pace, the direction gallop~ should be
written on the envelope of the dispatch.
VIII. While passing through the streets of Washington, Georgetown,
or Alexandria, teams must leave a space equal to the width of a street
after every sixth wagon. Wagons will not halt on the crossings, bu
Page 246
246 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXL
leave them clear for foot passengers. Quartermasters and wagon-mas-
ters will be held responsible for any violation of these provisions by the
trains under their command. Commanding officers will see that every
quartermaster receives a copy of this order, and quartermasters will see
that this order is read to their teamsters.
IX. The military governors and provost-marshals of Washington and
Alexandria will see to the strict and systematic enforcement of the
: hove provisions.
X. Each corps and independent commander will send an orderly to
hese headquarters at 12 m. daily for orders.
By command of Major-General Banks:
iRICIID B. IRWIN,
Capt., Aide-de-Camp, and Acting Assistant Adjutant-General.
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 10, 1862.
Major-General WOOL:
The Secretary of War wishes to see you here immediately. Please
come without delay.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in. Chief.
BALTDIORE, MD.,
September 10, 18629.55 p. m.
Major-General HALLECK:
On my return to this city I was surprised to learn that it is generally
rel)orted that I had been superseded in the command of the Middle
I )epartmen t, and especially of this city. The most influential friends
(4 the Administration have called on inc this evening, and assured me
hat if I leave this city at this time the most serious consequences will
follow. They insist that I must not leave. I beg, therefore, that you
will let me off~ going to Philadelphia, for, under existing circumstances,
it will not do; at the same time it would be extremely unpleasant to
me. Please answer immediately.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
BALTiMORE, Mn.,
September 10, 186211.05 p. m.
Major-General HALLECK:
I got back too late to get any cars to Philadelphia to-night. I can-
riot get away until 8 oclock to-morrow. The rejoicing of my being
superseded by men who appear to have influence at Washington has
I)roduced a state of things here that would make it highly dangerous
to the state of public peace if I were to leave now. I am unable to
comprehend the proposition that was made to me. The execution of
it, I hope, will not be insisted upon.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 10, 1862.
Governor CURTIN, Harrisburg, Pa.:
General [Andrew] Porter was sent to assist you in raising and organ-
zing troops. He was not assigned to any command. It is of vita
Page 247
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 247
importance that all troops possible be sent here while the communica-
tions are open. If closed, then they must be organized north of the
Susquehanna. The best way to defend Pennsylvania now is to concen-
trate our forces on the enemy, and not to scatter them in weak parties
at several points. An officer of high rank will be sent to Harrisburg,
to act as exigencies may require. H. ~. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
Sertember 10, 1862..11.45 a. m.
General H. W. HALLECK:
Have just received your message. Colonel Wright, of my staff7 will
go to Washington to confer with you in regard to military affairs in
Pennsylvania. Please see him early to-morrow, so that he may return
promptly.
A. G. CIJRTIK,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 10,18623.30 p. m.
Major-General HALLECK,
General.in-Chief:
A paroled Union man just arrived at Hagerstown from Frederick,
fully credited by operator. He reports he passed General Jackson, with
a large force, on t.he National road, between Middletown and Boons-
borough, at 9 this morning. General Jackson commanded in person.
Body-guard of cavalry in front, followed by infantry, and cavalry in
rear. Middletown is 18 miles, and Boonsborough 10 miles, from Hagers-
town. Sharpsburg road, leading to Harpers Ferry, is half mile beyond
Boonsborough. The sheriff of Hagerstown, a reliable Union man, has
informed the operator that he met rebel scout, a personal friend, to-day,
who advised him to leave Hagerstown immediately. The Cumberland
Valley is entirely undefended, and we are entirely without force here.
I have sent Captain Palmer, of Buells body-guard, to Greencastle, to
put mounted men from Hagerstown toward Hancock, Williamsport,
Harpers Ferry, and Frederick. He has no horses. Hundred and fifty
regular cavalry and horses at Carlisle. Cant they be ordered to report -
at once to Captain Palmer, Greencastle ~l Please instruct him also to
press horses into service, and receipt for same for a few days. I asked
General Wool to do so this morning, but he has not answered.
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 10, 1862.
Governor CuxTIN, Harrisburg, Pa.:
Major-General Wool has been assigned to the duty of organizing the
military forces north of the Susquehanna. He will be in Philadelphia
to-morrow morning. Commrniicate with him there.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
Page 248
248 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 10, 1862. (Received 5 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK:
Following just received from Hagerstown operator:
Jacksons advance within 3 miles of this place. lie has only his own corps. I will
retreat along the line of the railroad and tap the wire.
A. G. CURTIN.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 10, 18626.30 p. m.
Major-General HALLECK:
Colonel Wright will not reach Washington until to-morrow morning.
Under the pressing circumstances, I deem it my duty to ask for the im-
mediate presence of an officer of high rank, clothed with full powers to
act for the Government, as I design to call out the militia of the State
for its defense to-morrow, unless the information of the advance of the
rebels, as communicated to you, should prove unfounded.
A. G. CUJITIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 10, 186210 a. in.
General GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN, Rockville:
Your message received. I have letter from clergyman, dated Taney-
town, Md., Sunday night, in which he says:
One of my elders, a reliable man, traveled 7 miles through their camps on Sunday.
Their force around Frederick is not less than 120,000 men, and the part under Lee
had not joined that army.
He conversed with many officers and men. They appeared to believe
;heir whole army in Maryland would exceed 200,000 men, and their in-
tention was to march either upon Harrisburg or Baltimore, probably the
latter. Men ragged and filthy, but full of fight. Our news from Hagers-
town is goo(1. General White, at Martinsburg, reports all well. No
enemy near 1-lagerstown or approaching in that direction. Confidence
is being rapidly restored there. From all we can learn, the enemy has
selected his ground and massed his force near Frederick, to give you
battle, the result of which will probably decide the future of our coun-
try.
A. G. CUBTIN, -
Governor of Pennsylvanta.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
& plember 10, 186210.30 p. m.
ANDREW G. CuiurIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania:
Everything that we can learn induces me to believe that the informa-
tion you have received is substantially correct. I think the enemy are
checked in the directions of Baltimore and Gettysburg. You should
concentrate all the troops you can in the vicinity of Chambersburg, not
entirely neglecting Gettysburg. I will follow them up as rapidly as
possible, and do all I can to check their movements into Pennsylvania.
Call out the militia, especially mounted men, and do everything in your
power to iml)ede the enemy by the action of light troops; attack them
in flank, destroying their trains and any property which must-ine
Page 249
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 249
itably come into their possession. You may be sure that I will follo~v
them as closely as I can, and fight them whenever I can find them. It
is as much my imiterest as yours to preserve the soil of Pennsylvania
from invasion, or, failing in that, to destroy any army that may have
the temerity to attempt it.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HARPERS FERRY, VA.,
September 10, 18622.30 p. in.
Major-General HALLECK:
A column of the enemy (5,000 of all arms) marching ou Hagerstown.
D. S. MILES.
MARTLNSBURG, VA.,
& ytember 10, 18629 p. m.
Major-General WOOL, Baltimore, Aid.:
Lientenant-Colonel Downey, commanding at Kearneysville, reports
that he, with an escort of 20 men, encountered the enemy at Boonsbor-
ough, advancing to-day. He does not state whether in this direction or
toward Hagerstown; probably, cannot tell. The enemy in considera-
ble force. Colonel Downey and Captain Shambnrg, commanding the
escort, charged upon the enemy, who retreated iu confusion, till they
ascertained how small a force attacked them, and then turned upon our
mcii, who were obliged, of course, to recede. Colonel Downey was
wounded, though not severely.
JULIUS WHITE,
Brigadier- General.
MARTINSBURG, VA.,
September 10, 186211 p. In.
1~Iajor-General HALLECK:
I address the dispatch to you as well as General Wool, having heard
lie was absent from Baltimore. The force alluded to is undoubtedly
larger than heretofore reported.
JULIUS WHITE,
Brigadier- General.
MARTINSBURG, VA.,
September 10, 186211 p. in.
Major-General WOOL, Baltimore, Md.:
A reliable spy (whom I have had in Maryland for two days past)
has just arrived, and reports the forces of the enemy passing through
Boonsborough, northwestward, to-day, at not less than 15,000, of all
armsat least twelve regiments of infantry. Probable destination
Hagerstown.
JULIUS WHITE,
Brigadier- General.
CONTINENTAL HOTEL,
Philadelphia, Pa., September 10, 1862.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
Colonel Wright, of Governor Curtins staff, will arrive in Washing-
ton early to.morrow morning, and drive direct to your house. It i
Page 250
250 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXI.
important that he should see you at the earliest moment possible. Do
not detail a general officer for Pennsylvania until he sees you. The
rebels are now in Cumberland Valley, and it is fair to presume their
object is the capture of the capital of Pennsylvania. What can you do
to aid with forces to meet this movement of Jackson? We are des-
titute of artillery to defend the passage of the Susquehanna. Can
you order guns and ammunition to-night, from Pittsburgh and Eastern
l)oints, to concentrate at Harrisburg immediately, using special trains
on all the railroads? Please answer.
THOMAS A. SCOTT.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, S~ptember 10, 1862.
THOMAS A. SCOTT, Philadelphia, Pa.:
If there should be any real necessity to send guns and ammunition
from Pittsburgh, it will be ordered. The way to defend the Cumberland
Valley is to send all available means of attack here. It will be time
enough to order arms and ammunition from Pittsburgh when they are
really needed.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
PHILADELPHIA, PA., & ptember 10,1862.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
We want an active, energetic officer to command forces in the field,
and one that could rally Pennsylvanians around him. It is believed
that General Reynolds would be the most useful, and I hope you will
arrange to send him after your interview with Colonel Wright in the
morning, who will explain fully all the reasons.
THOMAS A. SCOTT.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.,
September 10, 186210 a. m.
His Excellency the PRESIDENT:
The undersigned, citizens of Philadelphia, in view of the inadequate
organization of its local troops and the deficient means of defense
against a hostile army, respectfully and earnestly entreat Your Excel-
lency to create a military district of this city and the adjacent country,
and to assign a general of known energy and capacity to the command
thereof, with instructions to adopt whatever measures of security may
be needful in the present crisis.
THOS. ROBINS,
President Philadelphia Bank;
THOS. SMITH,
President Bank of North Arnersca;
S. A. MEIICER,
President Farmers and Mechanics Bank;
and the presidents of other banks and institutions, and by citizens gen~
erally.
If the President will favor the memorialists with a reply, it may be
~wldressed to J. 11. Fry on their beh~tlf
Page 251
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 251
PHILADELPHIA, PA.,
September 10, 186210.02 a. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
UIl(ler our militia laws we are utterly defenseless, and, besides, are
tlogge(l with commanders who cannot be removed. Therefore, we ask
or a military governor, to be appointed by the President. We implore
you to give us one who combines the sagacity of the statesman with
he acuteness and skill of the soldier. Give us a man whose heart is in
lie war, and who has no sympathy with secession or its adhereiits in
this city.
THOMAS WEBSTER.
MORTON McMICHAEL.
JOHN W. FORNEY.
PHILADELPHIA, September 10, 18621.20 p. in.
To the 1~RE5IDENT AND SECRETARY OF WAR:
The Philadelphia chief commissioners for drafting respectfully repre-
sent to the President and Secretary of War the immediate necessity of
luitting the city and its defenses under the charge of United States mit-
it ary general officers having the public confidence, such as General 0.
M. Mitchel, with General George G. Meade.
B. GERHARD.
WM. H. ALLEN.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.,
September 10, 18622.45 p. n.
lion. B. Id. STANTON,
Secretary of War:
hi reply to your dispatch, we most earnestly recommend that Geti-
cI~it Miteliel be detached from his command in Sonth Carolina, and
~issigned to duty here, with extensive powers. He is the very man for
us. Please answer. We understand that the general has not yet sailed.
THOMAS W EBSTER.
MORTON McMJCHAEL.
JOHN W. FORNEY.
WASHINGTON, D~ C.,
September 10, 18625 p. in.
rIHOMAS WEBSTER,
~I ORTON 1uiCMICHAEL,
JOHN W. FORNEY,
Committee, Philadelphia
Before receiving your last telegram, Major-General Wool had been
ordered to proceed to Philadelphia. The condition of affairs in the
~oathern Department requires the immediate presence of General
2litchel in his command, and, while confiding in his loyalty and courage,
he would not, in my opinion, begin to fill your bill.
EDWIN M. STANTON,
$ecretary of War
Page 252
252 OPERATIONS IN N. VA, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI
WHEELING, VA.,
& ptembcr 10, 18624.20~ p. rn.
Hon. SECRETARY OF WAR:
I have telegraphe(l General Wool that a rebel force is colnino iii the
b
direction of Cumberland and New Creek, Md., aii d urgently requested
that the force at Harpers Ferry and Martinsburg 1)e sent to those points
to (o-ol)erate with force in this direction. They can be of great benefit
at these points. The Second Cavalry defeated an(1 routed Jenkins in
Kanawlia Valley.
F. H. PEIRPOINT.
WASHINGTON, 1). C., September 11, 1862.
(Sent 10.20.)
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
The Governor of Pennsylvania wishes the services of General Hey-
nol(ls. Can you or(ler him here for that l)U~PO5C ~
II. W. LIALLECK,
Genera i-in Chief
ROCKYILLE, MD.,
September 11, 186210.45 a. in.
Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
Ge iieral Reynolds is now en gaged on I In I)ortaII t service, stipportin g
with his (livision an attack oti New Market. lie has one of the best
(hivisions, and is well acquainted w-ith it. I cannot see how his services
can be spared at the present time.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Middlebrook, Aid., September 11, 186212 noon.
(Received 3.45 a. in., September 12.)
Major-General HALLECK:
I was informed by Mr. Garrett, president of the Baltimore and Ohio
Railroad, previous to leaving Washington, that lie could transl)oLt
28,000 infantry in one day in the cars under his control. In view of this,
and the iipportance of having General Porters command join me soon,
I would suggest that it be sent by rail to Frederick. By this means it
would reach me two days earlier thaii by making the overland march,.
and would be fresh on its arrival. Porters trains might come by land.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WAShINGTON, D. C.,
September 11, 18621.55 p. n).
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Rockville, Md. :
General Reynolds division can be commanded by some one else. lie
has been designated for other duty, and must report here immediately.
11. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
Page 253
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCIX ETC.UNION.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
iJIiddlebrook, Md., September 11,1862.
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
I have ordered General Reynolds to report to Governor Curtin at the
earliest practicable moment. He is now about 25 miles from here. He
will probal)ly not be able to start before morning.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
IROCKYILLE, Mm,
September 11, 186212 noon.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
Please order Pecks division, npoii its arrival, to proceed at once to
Rockville, where it will find orders for its further movements.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, B. C.,
September 11, 18(12. (Sent 1 p. in.)
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Rocktille, Md.:
Pecks division will not be here for some days.* Webers troops will
be sent forward as soon as they cami get transportation. Why not order
fbrward Porters corps, or Sigels? if the main force of the enemy is
in your front more troops can be spared from here.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Camp near Rockville, All., ASeptember 11, 18623.45 p. m.
(Received 4.25 p. in.)
M~j. Gen. II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
Please send forward all the troops you can spare from Washington,
particularly Porters, Heintzelmans, Sigels, and all the other old troops.
Please send them to Brookville, via Leesborough, as soon as possible.
Cemieral Banks reports 72,000 troops iii and about Washington. If the
neiny has left ft~r Pennsylvania, 1 will follow him rapi(lly. I will move
my headquarters to Middlebrook immediately.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
EXECUTIVE MANSION,
Washington City, September ii, 18626 p. in.
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
rf1~is is exl)lanatory. If Porter, Ileintzelman, and Sigel were sent
you, it would sweep everything from the other side of the river, because
the new troops have been distributed among them, as I understand.
It was retained in Dixs command. See Halleck to Dix, September 24, 1862,
Serie8 1, Vol. XVIII, p. 401
Page 254
254 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. Z~Xt.
Porter reports himself 21,000 strong, ~vh ich can only be by the addition
of new troops. He is ordered to-night to join yon as quickly as possible.
I am for sending you all that can be spared, and I hope others can fol-
low Porter very soon.
A. LINCOLN.
HEADQUARTERS,
Camp near Rockville, Md., September 11, 1862. (Received 6 p. in.)
Maj. Geii. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in. Chief:
GENERAL: At the time this army moved from Washington, it was not
known what the intentions of the rebels were in placing their forces on
this side of the Potomac. It might have been a feint to draw away our
trooI)s from Washington, for the purpose of throwing their main army into
the city as soon as we were out of the way, or it might have been supposed
to be precisely what they are now doing. In view of this uncertain con-
ditiorm of things, I left what I conceived to be a sufficient force to dcfend
the city against any army they could bring against it from the Virginia
side of the Potomac. This uncertainty, in my judgment, exists no longer.
All the evidence that has been accumulated from various sources since
we left Washington goes to prove most conclusively that almost the
entire rebel army in Virginia, amounting to not less than 120,000 men,
is in the vicinity of Frederick City. These troops, for the most part,
consist of their oldest regiments, and are commanded by their best gen-
erals. Several brigades joined them yesterday, direct from Richmond,
two deserters from which say that they saw no other troops between
Richmond and Leesbnrg. Everything seems to indicate that they intend
to hazard all upon the issue of the coming battle. They are probably
aware that their forces are numerically superior to ours by at least 25
per cent. This, with the prestige of their recent successes, will, without
doubt, inspire them with a confidence which will cause them to fight
well. The momentous consequences involved in the struggle of the next
few days impels me, at the risk of being considered slow and overcau-
tious, to most earnestly recommend that every available man be at once
added to this army.
I believe this army fully appreciates the importance of a victory at
this time, and will fight well; but the result of a general battle, with
such odds as the enemy now appears to have against us, might, to say
the least, be doubtful; and if we should be defeated the consequences
to the country would be disastrous in the extreme. Under these cir-
cumstances, I would recommend that one or two of the three army corps
now on the Potomac, opposite Washington, be at once withdrawn and
sent to re-enforce this army. I would also advise that the force of Cob-
nel Miles, at Harpers Ferry, where it can be of but little use, and is
continually exposed to be cut off by the enemy, be immediately ordered
here. This would add about 25,000 old troops to our present force, and
would greatly strengthen us.
If there are any rebel forces remaining on the other side of the Po-
tomac, they must be so few that the troops left in the forts, after the
two corps shall have been withdrawn, will be sufficient to check tbem;
and, with the large cavalry force now on that side kept well out in fromi t
to give warning of the distant approach of any very large army, a I)art ol
this army might be sent back within the intrenchments to assist in ic-
h)elhing an attack. But even if Washington should be taken while these
armies are confronting each other, this would not, in my judgment, bea
Page 255
CHAP. XXXI.]
CORRESPONDENCE, ET~J.1tNION.
255
comparison with the ruin and disaster which would follow a signal defeat
of this army. If we should be successful in conquering the gigantic
rebel army before us, we would have no difficulty in recovering it. On
the other hand, should their force prove sufficiently powerful to defeat
us, would all the forces now around Washington be sufficient to prevent
such a victorious army from carrying the works on this side of the Po-
tomac, after they are uncovered by our army? I think not.
From the moment the rebels commenced the policy of concentrating
their forces, and with their large masses of troops operating against our
scattered forces, they have been successful. They are undoubtedly pur-
suing the same now, and are prepared to take advantage of any divisioii
of our troops in future. I, therefore, most respectfully, but strenuously,
urge upon you the absolute necessity, at this critical juncture, of unitino
all our disposable forces. Every other consideration should yield to this,
and if we defeat the army now arrayed before us, the rebellion is crushed,
for I do not believe they can organize another army. But if we should
be so unfortunate as to meet with defeat, our country is at their mercy.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
September 11, 18629 ~ in.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Roekville, Md.:
General Fitz John Porters corps has been ordered to move to-mou-
row to Brookville, via Lees borough, to report to you for duty in the field.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 11, 186211.30 p. in.
(Received 3.40 a. in., September 12.)
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
GENERAL: My signals have to-day been established on Sugar Loaf
Mountain. At last advices, Burnsides troops were within 2 miles of
New Market. I have ordered him to advance to-morrow, if possible, to
Frederick and occupy it; Sumner and Franklin to advance early in the
morning to Urbana, Couch following the movement, after leaving a force
to guard the fords below the Monocacy. I am much obliged to you for
sending me Porters corps, and should like the remainder of Keyes corps
as soon as possible. I shall follow up the rebels as rapidly as possible.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HOCKYILLE, [Mn.],
[September] 11, 18621 p. in.
Gejieral AMBROSE E. BURNSIDE, Brookville:
The commanding general will not move Sumner and Franklin on Ur-
bana until he hears from you, after your movement toward New Market
is decided. Should you think that the taking that place will be likely
to bring on a general engagement, you will not make the attack. This
you can probably judge of after your reconnaissance this morning.
It. B. MARCY
Page 256
25~
oPEi?A~IONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MP., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXI.
BROOKYILLE, [MD.], [September] 11, [1862.]
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Roekvtfle:
The following dispatch has just 1een received:
DAMASCUS, September 11, 18626 a. m.
General BURNSIDE:
With the view of following your instructions, I left yesterday, at 12.30 p. in., and
went to Cracklinton, where I had expected a cavalry scout, under Colonel Devin.
After waiting until 4 p. m. I received about 100 men, under Colonel Allen, First Maine,
and learned that Colonel Devin was absent from General Coxs headquarters, and his
men and horses unfit for the march. I received, however, an increase of 60 cavalry
from General Rodman. Colonel Allens command had been on march the whole day
without forage, and the horses were allowed to feed an hour at the quartermasters
department at Cracklinton. I mention this to show why we did not arrive here
until dark, and why the horses could not go farther that night. At this place I found
one regiment infantry, under Colonel Ewing, who offered all facilities. The same re-
ports were prevalent here as we heard at your camp, viz, of rebel forces at Hyatts-
town, Urbana, and New Market, with a large force at Frederick. It was reported
that rebel pickets extend on the New Market road to within 4 miles of this place. I
suggested fo Colonel Ewing that if a rebel picket guard could be captured and brought
here, it might afford us valuable information. He agreed with me, and selected a
lieutenant and 23 men on this duty, with orders to march through fields,, avoiding the
roads, try and capture the supposed rebels, and bring them in. They started at ii p.
in., and returned just now. They found no rebel force at the hamlet, 4 miles from Da-
masciis, where their pickets had been the night before and up to 11 a. in. yesterday,
when they left, saying they would return, but did not. There had been 6 or 8 of
them. The lieutenant then went 11 miles farther, and at 4 a. m. heard drums beating,
supposed 1~ miles still farther on, probably near Morena, or, perhaps, a mile this side.
At the hamlet, 4 miles from here, called Kemptown, and about as large as this place,
six or eight houses, the lieutenant took two citizens of that place and brought them
to me. They report some 1,200 cavalry came to New Market last Saturday, and these
were distributed north and south between Liberty and Hyattstown. No other kind
of force in immediate vicinity than cavalry. When asked how many rebels entered
Maryland, under Jackson, they say from 100,000 to 150,000, but these numbers are
rumors.
Colonel Ewing will occupy the forks of the road, 2 miles from here, to enable me to
go with all the cavalry escort to Ridgeville, and then, if rebels are there on the roads
toward New Market, on returning I will forward you another report, having reserved
a fresh horse for the purpose. rI~he section of cavalry arrived last night. The roads, as
far as I have gone, are good, with fields and open timber and good water at intervals.
R. S. WILLIAMSON,
Captain Topographical Engineers.
A. E. B1IIRNSJDE,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS RIGHT WING,
September 11, 18628 p. in.
(Received Washington, D. 0., September 121.55 a. in.
General GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
The following has just been received:
HEADQUARTERS KANAWIIA DIVISION,
Ilidgeville, September 11, [1862]5.30 p. in.
CAPTAIN: I have the honor to report that an Irishman, named Michael Kingsley, has
just come into my camp from Fredericktowu, which l)l:Lce he mys he left at 11 a. in.
to-day. He reports that place evacuated by the rebels except l)ickets. That there is
no force but cavalry pickets of smimall numbers anywhere on the roail between Fred-
erick amid Ridgeville: sa~v only 30 om 40 cavalry at New Market. He dodged their
l.iickets through the woods. His report is confirmed by several l)artial accounts re-
ceived by me from citizens in the neighborhood, and I think it reliable. He lives in
Baltimore, and has beemi working near Harpers Ferry. The reports of force in direc-
tion of New London and Liberty are somewhat vague, and 1 am trying to obtain
something more definite. I do not incline to believe there is much force in our front
Page 257
OnAr. XXXI.]
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
257
The rebels in leaving Frederick are reported to have gone on the Hagerstown road.
Their force there is reported by a citizen, who was through a few days, to be Jacksons
and Longstreets divisions, each four brigades of five regiments each.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. D. COX,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
COOKSVILLE, September 11 [1862]1O.30 a. m.
Major-General HOOKER, Commanding Corps:
GENERAL: Captain Beardsley, Sixth New York Cavalry, who is posted hcre, states
that John S. Doll, proprietor of the Eutaw House, Baltimore, passed through this
place on his way from Frederick to Baltimore at 1 oclock last night. He (Doll) states
that the main force of the enemy left FrederLk yesterday morning for Harrisburg,
and that at 1 oclock yesterday but one division was left at Frederick, and that it was
preparing to march. The entire numbers 160,000. Jackson has the advance. He
met Lees and Stuarts cavalry at New Market; about 1,000 men. He also met a
squadron about 1 mile this side of New Market, returning to that place. From in-
formation obtained, it is believed that this squadron had been to Hoods Mills, 2 miles
from here, on the railroad. We have now a picket at Hoods Mills, and one company
of Sixth Ne~v York has gone this morning to Ridgeville by this pike. Nothing has
been heard of the enemy here this side of New Market since yesterday. Captain
Beardsley deems the information of Mr. Doll reliable. He visited Frederick to attend
to his family, and was detained at Frederick several days. The railroad bridge over
the Monocacy is destroyed. The enemy took the road up the Cumberland Valley.
Very respectfully, D. C. HOUSTON,
Major of Engineers.
POPLAR HILL 1.15 p. mu.
Lieutenant-Colonel RICHMOND:
Just reached here with Reynolds division this evening. Please read the inclosed
[preceding] letter just received. Headquamters will be bere to-night.
Very respectfully, JOSEPH HOOKER,
Major- General, Commanding Corps.
A. E. BURNS1DE.
DAMASCUS [MD.],
September 11, 186211.20 ~. m.
Major-General HooKER:
GENERAL: I wish you to communicate with General Reno. Have the
main body of your corps brought np to within good supporting distance
of him at Ridgeville, posting a portion of your corps judiciously in your
rear for the purpose of protecting otir right fiaiik. General McClellan
informs me that the enemy is reported to be in large force between I red-
crick and Liberty, but there is no confirmation of this. Please throw
your cavalry out in that direction to-night in strong force, and ascertain
positively if there is any enemy at Liberty or its neighborhood. Send
couriers frequently to IRidgeville.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. E. BURNSIDE,
Major- General,
Per J40. G. PARKE,
Chif of Staffi
SEPTEMBER 11, 1862.
Colonel WEBB,
Chief of Staff, Arlington llieight8:
COLONEL: My scouts have just returned from Broad Run and Goose
Creek. Yesterday there were two brigades at Leesburg; one went to
17 R RVOL XIX, PT I
Page 258
258 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
Winchester and the other is still at Leesburg. All the rest of the
rebel force is said to have crossed over into Maryland, in all not over
200,000.
Very respectfully, & c.,
J. KILPAThICK,
Colonel, (Jommanding Cavalry Brigade.
BAUNESYILLE, MD.,
& ptember 11, 18623.35 p. m.
General R. B. MARCY, ChiefofStafl
Just in from the front. Have possession of Sugar Loaf Mountain and
the signal station. While General Franklin moved a (livisioll of his
command forward this morning toward the cross-roads in front, I moved
two regiments of cavalry and a section of artillery to the right, and
intercepted the rebels getting off. Colonel Farnsworth gave them a few
shells, and then sent a party to the top of the mountain, who soon fired
a volley and gave a hurra~i,to let us know the hill was won. The
Eighth Illinois behaved with their accustomed gallantry. Yesterday
Generals Stuarts and Lees cavalry were present at the fight, and Gemi-
eral Stuart told General Lee that one of the shells we fired over the
mountain burst over his bead while he was at the signal station. Our
loss yesterday was 1 killed and 3 wounded. Th~ enemy left 3 wounded
behind them. One, a lieutenant of the Seventh Viro-inia (Ashbys) Cav-
alry, died yesterday. 1 had him buried this morning. 1 heard to-day
that Robertson, with a cavalry force and four horse batteries, has been
trying to cross the river for some days. There are only some 3,000 men
at Dranesville, and 2,000 cavalry, under W, D. Smith [~], at Centreville.
By holding the mouth of the Monocacy, all the ferries and fords below
that point are closed to the rebels. I have sent two regiments and a
section of artillery there, but it would be well to send a brigade from
Couchs and some artillery to that point. I believe the occupation of
iMonocacy has forced the rebels farther up to cross the river. I send
this evening a regiment and a half to Greenfield Mills, on the Monocacy,
to hold that point and scouttoLicksville Adani4own
Sedgwicks division of Sumners corps ,and Buckeystown.
has arrived at llyattstown.
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General..
HEADQUARTERS,
Arlington, September 11, 1862. (Received 12 in.)
General WILLIAMS,
McClellans Headquarters:
The First Rhode Island Cavalry are on the march to join you at
Brookville. I join you to-morrow with iViorells division.
F. J. PORTER,
Miajor. General.
WAShINGTON, 1). C., September 11, 1862.
General WHIPPLE, Fort Albany:
By direction of the Gemieral-in-Chief, you will at once l)llt Tylers and
Allabachs brigades in motion, under the command of the seiiioi- officer,
for Brookville, via L cesboroagh, and report there to inc as soomi a
Page 259
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 259
practicable. Take in haversacks two days provisions, as much as pos-
sible in wagons; beef on the hoof; also ammunition. You remain as
essential to the defenses on your side. General Humphreys will be
assigned to the command of the division.
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General.
ARLINGTON, September 11, 18629.15 p. m.
General GRIFFIN:
Send out hour notice at once to all your regiments that they will be
required to march to-morrow morning. The hour will be given as soon
as possible. Three days rations in haversacks.
F. J. PORTER,
]lfajor-General, Commanding.
ARLINGTON, Septembcr 11, 186210.10 J). m.
General GRIFFIN:
Have your command at Fort Corcoran at 7.45 a. m. to-morrow, ready
to fall iuto the column. Fill your haversacks and canteens, and take
as much provision as possible in wagons. Acknowledge.
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 11, 1862.
GENERAL: In obedience to your orders, I left this city at midnight,
August 30, 1862, and proceeded as rapidly as possible to Centreville,
Va., where, at 6 a. in., on Sunday, August 31, I reported in person to
Major-General Pope, to whom I exhibited my instructions. Acquaint-
ing myself as rapidly as possible with the situation of affairs, I decided
upon the following course: First, to remove the wounded from the hos.
l)itals at Bull Ran, in ad~-ance of Centreville, and to transfer the whole
establishment, surgeons, nurses, cooks, cooking apparatus, and medical
supl)lies, to Fairfax Statioii, where there were subsistence stores, and
~vhere the wounded could receive food aiid medical attendance before
being transferred to the railroad cars to be forwarded to this city.
Medical Inspector Edward P. Vollum, who superintended the transfer,
rel)orts that it was safely accomplished, and that the number removed
was about 1,200. Finding it impossible, on account of the lresellce of
the enemy, to remove our wounded from Manassas Junction and Ens-
toe Station, I commenced emptying the overcrowded hospitals at Cen-
treville, and placed the first train of ambulances in charge of Asst.
Surg. J. Cooper McKee, with orders to remain at Fairfax Station, to
superintend the transfer of wounded from the ambulances to the cars,
and to send back to me all ambulances as rapidly as possible. After
giving these orders and seeing that they were being executed, I went
to Major-General Pope au(l State(l that Iliad been informed that a large
number of our wounded were still lying on the battle-field, and requested
that he would apply for a flag of truce, that they might be removed.
The general made the application immediately. The reply granting the
flag was communicated to Medical Director i\lcPanliii, Sun day evening,
too late to Proceed that night. .1, li owever, ordered Medical I)irector
MeParhin to have his trains of ambulances ready, and to procure fro
Page 260
260 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXI.
regiments, brigades, and divisions the necessary detail of surgeons and
assistants, the whole to move at 6 oclock on Monday morning. I also
directed Surgeon Page and most of the medical officers sent by you from
this city to accompany Surgeon McParlin. The train of 37 wagons, con-
taining medical and hospital supplies, dispatched by you on Saturday
night in charge of Assistant. Surgeon Webster, arrived at a late hour on
Sunday night. These wagons were unloaded at Centreville, and sent
to the battle-field with Surgeon McParlin, who took such of the sup.
plies as he thought would be required, and also his hospital supply
wagon. It is to be remarked here that III had been officially informed
that the army would remain at Centreville; that I had no definite knowl-
edge of the number of our wounded on the field, or their precise situ-
ation, and intended keeping the trains moving as rapidly as I)ossible
between the battle-field and Centreville, expecting, in two days, to coin-
plete their removal.
Of all the trains of ambulances sent to Fairfax Station on Sunday, but
one returned, an(1 that was sent to the battle-field. On Monday, judg-
ing from the movements around me that the army would fall back, I
applied to Colonel IRuggles, assistant adjutant-general and chief of staft~
who informed me that while he thought the army would fall back, it
was not yet so decided. I then asked that I might be informed as soon
as the decision was made. Early Monday evening, I think about 7
oclock, I went to Major-General Pope, stated my impressions, from what
I heard and saw, that the army was retiring, reh~rred to the nature of
my orders from you, and asked whether I should accompany him, or
remain with the wounded, and send his medical director, Surgeon Mc-
Parlin,to him. The general decided I should send Medical Director
McParlin to him, and remain myself with the wounded. The general
also stated to me that he had no intention of leaving this l)lace (Centre-
ville); that the old Braddock road to Fairfi~x Station was open, and
that my ambulances should be sent that way. During both Sunday
and Monday I had made repeated efforts to procure subsistence stores.
So far as I could ascertain, there were none at Centreville. Col. E. G.
Beckwith, chief commissary, gave me an order on any commissary I
could find for oue beef, which I procured on Monday morning. I also
obtained some coffee, sugar, candles, and hard bread. On Monday
night, when the wagons were passing through Centreville, Commissary
Smith left with me a few subsistence stores. The first train of ambu-
lances arrived in Centreville from the battle-field on Monday evening.
The wounded were fed with soup, coffee, and hard bread, furnished with
blankets, and forwarded at daybreak Tuesday morning, by the Brad-
dock road. During the night all our troops left Centreville, and on
Tuesday morning the place was occupied by the enemy. I had not
deemed it proper either to send back my hospital supplies or to destroy
them, trusting that our wounded would have some benefit from them,
even after they had passed from my control. The result (lid not dis-
appoint my expectations. Of the 4,000 blankets you sent to me, 2,000
at least were used for our wounded, and the requisitions of the mcdi-
cal officers at Centreville for medical and hospital stores for imme-
diate use, including concentrated beef essence, mutton broth, extract of
coffee, sugar, and milk, milk in cans, crackers, brandy, whisky, xvine,
and tea, were promptly complied with. On Tuesday nmorm,inv, after the
occul)ation of Centreville by the rebel troops, I received from Medical
D rector MeParhin a requisition for subsistence for 1,500 men, and a
note (lescribing the destitute condition of our wounded omi the field.
This was the first information I had received concerning the situatio
Page 261
CHAP. XXXLI CORRESPO~DENOE, ETC.IYNION. 261
of our wounded beyond Centreville. Their number was much greater
than I had been led to believe, and the situation far more critical. The
hospital stores at Centreville were not more than enough for the wounded
there, and I had 110 means of sending anything to the battle-field. I
state(l the emergency to Major Talcott and Captain Johnston, officers of
the engineer corps of the Confederate Army, who had arrived in Centre-
yule, and suggested, if not improper, that I might accompany them to
General Lees headquarters, in the hope of obtaining permission to pass
through his lines to our own and return with anibulances and provis-
ions. Those officers assented readily to my proposition, and I accom-
panied them to the headquarters of their army. I did not speak with
General Lee, nor do I know in what words Major Talcott communicated
to him the object of my visit. The reply brought to me was that Gen-
eral Lee had communicated with Major-General Pope, and that our
ambulances would be allowed to pass. I was also informed that 150
ambulances had passed through their lines that day. With this informa-
tion, 1 returned to Centreville, expecting to find ambulances, but found
only one, the driver of which said he had started with a large train, but
did not know where the rest had gone. I now endeavored to hire a
wagon to convey a few stores to the field, and intended to go there
myself, but l)efore I could get a wagon Medical Director MeParlin caine
to Centreville,in obedience to my order for him to report to Major-
General Pope. The conduct of affairs on the field had been intrusted
to Surg. Charles Page. Medical Director McParlin was accompanied
by Medical Director L. Guild, of the Army of Northern Virginia. The
accounts given by these officers of the situation of our wounded were
distressing. I stated to them what I had done. On consultation, it was
determined that I should address a letter to the commander of the Con-
federate Army, stating the situation, and asking that both subsistence
and ambulances be allowed to pass to us. Medical Director Guild also
wrote to his commanding general, amid the two letters were sent for-
ward that night by a special courier. The reply received by Medical
Director Guild on Wednesday morning, written by Col. R. H. Chilton,
assistant adjutant-general, C. S. Army, was indefinite as to my main
inquiry concerning provisions being allowed to pass, but it directed Med-
ical Director Guild to furnish subsistence for our wounded as far as pos-
sible, and gave the route for our ambulances to take in going out, viz,
by Centreville, the main road to Fairfax Court-House and Alexandria.
After reading Colonel Chiltons communication, I addressed a letter to
you, which was forwarded by Medical Director Guild. Believing that
I had done all in my power to procure subsistence, I proceeded, in com-
pany with Medical Director MeParlin (it being impracticable for him
to join Major-General Pope) and Medical Director Guild, to the central
depot of our wounded on the battle-field, where I found two ambulances,
which I sent to Centreville for hospital stores and blankets, and then
rode over the entire field, to ascertain the situation and condition of our
wounded. At this time, Wednesday afternoomm, September 3, they had
been collected in field hospitals, most of them in and around houses,
but some merely in groups at selected sites cn the field, without other
shelter than blankets. Only two of these hospitals were without medi-
cal officers- they had been visited by the surgeon of the central station,
and had a few nurses. There were about 30 wounded in each. After
my arrival on the field, only 4 of our wounded were found completely
isolated and without attendance. None had been absolutely without
food, though the amount was extremely limited. Those who had bee
Page 262
262
OPERAtIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MIX, AND PA. [GEAr. XXXT.
collected in the vicinity of houses had found provisions on which they
had subsisted. In some instances the surgeons had succeeded in pro-
curing a sheep or a pig and some corn-meal, and in one place, the Van
Pelt house, the surgeons found coffee, sugar, cider, wine, and were able
to procure meat. Although doubtful of the propriety of so doing, I
accepted the invitation to pass the night with Medical Director Guild
at his camp on the battle-field. The result was, as I had hoped, bene-
ficial to my wounded. It enabled me to have two ambulances, which
had returned empty from Centreville, filled with hospital stores and
blankets from the supplies that had been conveyed from Centreville to
the camp of Medical Director Guild, and, during our ride over the field,
three small beeves were purchased by that officer and ordered to be de-
livered to me the next morning. On Thursday morning the first train
of ambulances from this city arrived on the field, with fresh bread and
an abundant and varied supply of food and hospital stores. I instantly
dispatched the ambulances, with provisions, in every direction over the
field, to bring to the central station all who were without some shelter.
A few ambulances were employed in conveying stores and food to the
several field depots,and fresh beef was sent to Ceutreville. From that
moment trains of ambulances, each with food and stoies, arrived in
rapid succession. The supply was superabundant. The bread, which
otherwise would have spoiled, and one of the beeves, which I (lid not
need, and which I could not feed, were given to the One hundred and
thirty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers, which had come to bury our
dead, and had failed to bring rations. My great difficulty now was to
feed the wounded, with the abundant stores at my command. All my
nurses and attendants were exhausted by their labors. They could
hardly be urged to the necessary effort. Nevertheless, with the aid of
some self.denying an(l noble-hearted citizens, volunteer nurses, who re-
inained to the last. and by the indefatigable industry and attention of
the medical staff, I believe no one suffered tbr water, for fo 0(1, or for
medical attendance. Each train of ambulances was supplied with an
abundance of mutton-broth, extracts of beef and of coffee, canned milk,
bread, and water for the journey. All the wounded were fed just before
starting, and (lirections given to feed them on the road, the train to be
halted, so that water could be boiled, wherewith to make soup and coP
fee from the prepared essences and extracts. One soldier, whom it was
impossible otlier~vise to move, was brought to this city under the influ-
ence of chloroform administered on the road by Assistant Surgeon
Clarke, U. S. ~volunteers. The removal of our wounded from the bat-
the-field was completed Tuesday afternoon, the 9th instant, and the last
trains of ambulances arrived at Fairfax Seminary hospital early Wed-
nesday morning.
In conclusion, I submit the following remarl~s: If I had been informed
that Centreville was to be evacuated by our forces, I would have had the
little subsistence remaining in that place conveyed to the field before
the army retired. The large supply of blankets and hospital stores sent
by you from this city on Saturday evening, August 30, saved the lives
of hundreds of our wounded ; indeed, without these supplies many must
have died from exposure and starvation on Monday, Tuesday, and ~Xe(l-
nesday, September 1, 2, and 3. As it was, I believe the number ~f
deaths fairly attributable to want of food and exposure is very small
indeed. My retaining the medical and hospital stores, and allowing
them to fall into the hands of the enemy, was well for our wounded, ~vho
received all the stores that the medical officers applied for, as necessar
Page 263
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.tTNION. 263
for immediate use, and nearly, if not quite, half of the blankets. The
medical officers applied themselves to their duties with an energy and
(levotedness worthy of all praise, and it was only when completely ex-
hausted that they ceased from their fatiguing labors. The corps of citi-
zen surgeons, under Dr. Detmold, rendered efficient service fbr t~vo days,
when they were no longer needed, the greater portion of the wounded
haviug been removed. I must bear testim6ny to the heroic fortitude of
our wounded soldiers. All appreciated the difficulties of their situation,
and uncomplainingly awaited that relief which they were confident their
Government would provide. The relief came at the moment when hope
had almost deserted them. The unexpended hospital stores xvere brought
back to this city, as was also a large portion of the commissary stores.
A quantity of subsistence stores, for which I had no transportation, was
distributed among the citizens whose premises had been occupied by our
wounded. Our wounded were collected in twenty-one field hospitals,
within an area 10 miles long by 7 wide. It was impossible to ascertain,
with precision, the number of wounded, but, from the data in my p05-
session, I estimate it to be 4,000. I cannot close this report without
commenting on the conduct of the ambulance drivers. It was with the
greatest difficulty that I could put a reasonable limit to their stealing from
my commissary and hospital stores. Some would al)propriate to their
own use hospital blankets, and be highly insolent when they were taken
away for the wounded. Very few would assist in placing the wounded
in their ambulances; still fewer could be induced to assist in feeding
them or giving them water. Some were drunk; many were insubordi-
nate; othrs, when detected with provisions or stores, would not sur-
render them until compelled to by physical force. The practice of load-
ing ambulances with forage, camp-kettles, personal baggage, and sub-
sistence for the drivers needs a corrective. These things occupy space
required for the wounded, and greatly interfere with their comfort. A
wagon with stores and forage should accompany every train of 50 am-
bulances, and nothing but sick and wounded men and water should be
put in the vehicles themselves. The service greatly needs a well-organ-
ized ambulance corps, and I hope the Secretary of War will adopt the
organization you have recommended.
Your obedient servant, RICHARD H. COOLIDGE,
Medicat Inspector, U. S. Army.
The SURGEON-GENERAL OF THE ARMY.
HEADQUARTERS SECOND ARMY CORPS,
Near Clarksburg [AId.], September 11, 1862.
General A. S. WILLIAMS:
GENERAL: I wish you to select the strongest position iu the vicinity
of Damascus (within a mile of the town), and post your command ou
three lines, throwing out a strong advanced guard and picketing to the
front and flanks.
We are near tIme enemy, and it is absolutely necessary to be extremely
vigilant
Very respectfully, E. ~. SUMNER,
Brevet Major-General, U. S. Army, Commanding
Page 264
2~4
OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. LOHAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
Major-General HALLECK, -September 11, 1862.
Commander-in- ChieJ U. S. Army:
GENERAL: I have the honor to inclose to you a synopsis from the
rel)orts of the 10th instant of the forces in and near Washington for its
defense. It is as near to the exact strength as reports ~vill bring us.
The aggregate is probably somewhat larger than the actual number of
trool)s ready for duty.
I have the honor to be, with much respect, your obedient servant,
X. P. BANK8,
Major- General, Commanding.
P. S.The number of guns reported is one hundred and twenty;
forty of these are heavy guns in garrison. The balance is doubtless
field artillery.
Ti-oops for defense of Wa8hing Ion.
CORPS DARMIiE.
Gei;eral Heiutzelinans corps da-mJe 16, 000
General Porters corps 21, 000
General ~igels corps 9, 800
46,800
IN GARRISON.
General Abererombie (Ethan Allen) 1,335
Lieutenant-Colonel Senges (Third New York Artillery) 2C6
Colonel Greene (Fourteenth Massachusetts, First Wisconsin, Sixteenth Maine) 2, 400
Colonel Tyler (First Connecticut Artillery) 1,056
Lieutenant-Colonel Haskin 6, 458
General Woodbury 4, 000
15,515
METROPOLITAN GUARD.
General Wadsworth 4, 000
General Slough 2,500
6,500
PROVISIONAL BRIGADES.
General Casey 4,500
RECAPITULATION.
Three corps darrn6e 46 800
Troops in garrison 15 500
Metropolitan Guard 6,500
Provisional brigades, Casey 4,500
One hundred and twenty guns are reported. 73,300
WASHINGTON, September 11, 1862.
(Received 8.45 p. in.)
Major-General IIEINTZELMAN, tiJommanding:
General Fitz John Porters corps will be directed to move to-morrow
morning to Brookville, via Leesborough, to report to Genel-al McClellan.
The space left by this corps in the defense of Washingtoii will be im-
mediately filled by other troops under youi- command.
H. W. HALLECK,
Chief
Page 265
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 265
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 11, 186212.45 p. in.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS,
A. A. G., lid qrs. Army of the Potomac, beyond Rockville:
The General-in-Chief understood from General McClellan that Gen-
eral Barnard was to command all the defenses on the north side of the
Potomac; but being informed by General Barnard that he has no such
command, wishes me to make that arrangement. Please ask General
McClellan if it will meet his views, and let me know his answer as soon
as possible.
IN. P. BANKS,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON.
Washington, September 11, 1862.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS,
A. A. U., Hdqrs. Army of the Potomac, beyond Rockville:
Yesterdays report, which will go to you this afternoon, shows present
for duty, in round numbers: Garrisons, 15,200; First, Third, and Fifth
Corps, in camp, 46,800; city guards and provisional brigades, 10,500;
aggregate for duty, 72,500. r1~here is the old exaggeration in these fig-
ures, due to failing to distinguish between for duty and extra or daily
duty. Most of the commanders have not found it out yet.
Please remember this is yesterdays report.
RICIID B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 11 1862.4 p.m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
Some arrangement must be made to collect all the stragglers and con-
valescents who are now wandering about Alexandria and Washington,
unable to rejoin their regiments, and keep them together until an oppor-
tunity offers to send them back. General Banks [thinks] it would be
best to establish a general camp hi some central l)osition on the Vir-
ginia side, and to order the military governors of Alexandria and the
District of Columbia to pick up all stragglers and convalescents and
send them there. Please submit your views on the subject.
By command of Major-General Banks:
IIICIID B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-dc-Camp, and Actg. Asst Adjt Gen.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ IIIQRs. OF THE ARMY, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE,
No. 235. ~ Washington, September 11, 1862.
* * * * * *
lV. Brig. ~4en. Thomas L. Kane, Ii. S. Volunteers, is assigned to the
army under Major-General McClellan, and will report to General Casey
for (inty with the Provisional Brigade.
By command of Major-General Halleck:
E. D. TOWNSEND,
Assistant Adjutant- General
Page 266
266 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXI.
HARPERS FERRY, VA.,
September 11, 18621.50 p. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
Report here that Jackson and Lee encamped at Boonsborough last
night with 40,000 to 60,000 men, and that the enemy is leaving Fred-
erick.
D. 5. MILES,
Colonel Second Infantry.
BALTIMORE, MD.,
September 11, 18628.20 a. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
On my return to this city I sent you two telegrams on the subject
of my leaving this city. I am satisfied it will not (10 to leave at this
lime. I (10 not believe that Philadelphia is in the least danger, while
Baltimore is in danger from within as well as from without. I, there-
fore1 desire to hear from you on the subject, and I will iiot leave until I
do. General White informs me that 15,000 rebel infantry, cavalry, and
artillery passed through Boonsborough last night. Probable destina-
tion, Ilagerstown.
JOHN E. WOOL,
]Jiajor- General.
WASHINGTON, 1). C., September 11, 1862.
Major-General WOOL:
Another officer will be detailed for Philadelphia. The Sixth Massa-
chusetts should be sent here, unless you need their services in Baltimore.
II. ~W. IJALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
BALTIMORE, Mn.,
September 11, 186212 noon.
NIaj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK,
General~in- Chief:
A person living in this city, in whom General [Edward] Shriver has the
utmost confidence, says that he was in Frederick yesterday; that the
rebels broke up their encampment at 1.30 a. in., and marched in the direc.
tion of Hagerstown, Stonewall Jackson leading. lie saw them marching
from 5 a. m. until 9 p. rn.1 when he left; principally inftintry and artillery.
According to report, three hutidred pieces of artillery, with some very
large ones. Hesavs Generals Lee and Jackson, Brigadier-Geiieral Cobb,
an(I several other generals, were present. Brigadier-General Walker
was still to pass with his brigade. He saw, as lie supposed from reports,
5,000 cavalry near New Market, which had iiot yet left. He saw many
pieces of cannon, with the letters U. S.; also in any horses, mules, and
wagons, with the same letters. The report was that the troops were
going into Pennsylvania. The informant further says that the people
were not umider any restraint, and had permission to come and go as
they pleased.
JOHN E. WOOL,
iijliajor-General
Page 267
CWU?. XXXI.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNIO~. 267
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 11, 1862.
Governor CURTIN, ff~rrisburg, Pci.:
I have telegraphed to General McClellan to send General Reynolds
here, to take command in Pennsylvania. General Wool was assigned
yesterday, but has been relieved at his own request. Until an officer
is assigned to command, it will be impossible to give the orders you
ask for.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 11, 186211 a. m.
Col. JOHN A. WRIGHT, Willards:
Our operator at State line reports that a body of rebel cavalry entered
Hagerstown at 9 oclock this morning, proceeded to railroad depot, and
thence by road in direction of State line. It is believed that Jackson
will move down the Caniberland Valley with at least l)art of his column,
and may attack White at Martinsburg with the balance. Whites scouts
report that commanication westward has been cut off for two days.
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
WASHINGTON, September 11, 186212 m.
Hon. ANDREW G. CURTIN:
Please tell me at once what is your hi test news from or toward Hagers-
town, or of the enemys movements in any direction.
A. LINCOLN.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, D. C., September 11, 1862.
His Excellency ANDREW G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg, Pa.:
SIR: The application made to me by your adjutant-general for author-
ity to call out the militia of the State of Pennsylvania has received care-
ful consideration. It is my anxious desire to afford, as far as I)ossible,
the means and power of the Federal Government to protect the State of
Pennsylvania from invasion by the rebel forces, and since, in your judg-
ment, the militia of the State are required, and have been called upon
by you, to organize for home defense and protection, I sanction the call
that you have made, and will receive them into the service and pay of
the United States to the extent they can be armed, equipped, and use-
fully employed. The arms and equipments now belonging to the Gen-
eral Government will be needed for the troops called out for the National
armies, so that arms can only be furnished for the quota of militia fur-
nished by the draft of nine months men, heretofore ordered. But, as
arms may be supplied by the militia under your call, these, with the
30,000 in your arsenal, will probably be su~cient for the purpose con-
templated by your call. You will be authorized to l)rovide such equip-
ments as may be required, according to the regulations of the Unite
Page 268
268 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
$tates service, which, upon being turned over to the United States
Quartermasters Department, will be paid for at regulation prices, or
the rates allowe(l by the Department for such articles. Railroad trans-
portation will also be paid for, as in other cases. Such general officers
will be 5t1I)plied as the exigencies of the service will permit.
Yours, truly,
A. LINCOLN.
HARRIsBuRG, PA., September 11, 18623.30 p. in.
(Received 0.30 p. in.)
His Excellency the PRESIDENT:
Your dispatch of 12 m. reached me at 2 p. m. At 9 oclock this morn-
ing the rebel cavalry occupied Hagerstown. At 12 their pickets were
within half a mile of the Pennsylvania line at Greencastle. It is the
advance cavalry of Jacksons column. Jacksons troops are represented
to be in a very bad condition, a large portion of them without shoes
or hats, and with ragged clothing. Cavalry are in better condition
well equipped an(l armed, except that they have no carbines. The
mayor, cashier of the bank, sheriff, and other loyal citizens have left
Hagerstown an(l are now at Greencastle. I have information from a
gentleman who saw Jackson and was in his cami) on Monday, between
Boonsborough and Middletown. At that time he had about 15,000
troops convened with himmen who expected to enter Pennsylvania.
Had no conversation of any importance ~vith the officers. 1 think Jack-
sons column has been largely increased since that day. From indications
the people of Greencastle expect a dash on that place this afternoon.
This is all the news of any consequence since my telegram to the War
Department this morning.
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 11, 1862.
(Received 8.30 p. mu.)
His Excellency the PRESIDENT:
I have information this evening of a l)rivate character, which I deem
entirely reliable, that the whole of the rebel army has been moved from
Frederick, and their destination is ilarrisburg amid Philadelphia. You
should order a strong guard placed upon the railway lines from Wash-
ington to Harrisburg to-night, and send here not less than 80,000 dis-
ciplined forces, and order from New York an(l States east all available
forces to concentrate here at once. To this we will add all the militia
forces possible, and I think that in a few days we can muster 50,000 men.
It is our only hope to save the North and crush the rebel army. Do not
suppose for one instant that I ani unnecessarily alarmed. I believe I
know all that I have stated to be true. I have had the country ex-
amined west of the river to-day by competent military engineers, and
their i-el)ort this evening is that defensive works cannot be erected to
be useful against 50,000 men. The enemy will bring against us not less
than 120,000, with large amount of artillery. The time for decided ac-
tion by the National Government has arrived. What mnay we expecU
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania
Page 269
CHAP. XXXI.1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 269
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 11, 18621.15 p. m.
Gov. ANDREW G. CURTIN, Harrisburg, Pa.:
I am in hourly expectation of gaining definite news from Ridgeville
and New Market. I ought to-day to know definitely whether the enemy
are still massed near Frederick; whether they have any force east of
the Monocacy; whether they have moved on Hagerstown in large force.
I now think that nearly all their available force is on this side of the
Potomac.
I would urge upon Your Excellency, in the event of their moving upon
Pennsylvania, to take sure means to delay their advance by destroying
bridges, obstructing the roads, harassing their front, flank, and rear,
destroying supplies, & c. This is necessary to enable me to gain time
to take the best route to foil their purpose.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
McCain is at Harrisburg.
HARRISBURG, September 11, 1862.
(Received 8 p. in.)
Major-General MCCLELLAN, Rockville:
We have advices that enemy broke up whole encampment at Frederick
yesterday morning, 3 oclock, and marched in direction of Hagerstown,
with over three hundred pieces artillery, large bodies of infantry and cav-
alry, Stonewall Jackson leading. Jackson is now in Hagerstown. Man
who gives information said rebel army marching 5 a. m. to 9 p. m. yes-
terday out of their camps at Frederick. Men all believed they were
going to Pennsylvania. We shall need a large portion of your column
in this valley to save us from utter destruction.
A. G. CUIRTIN,
Governor.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Middlebrook, ilfd., September 11, 186211 p. m.
(Received 4 a. in., September 12.)
His Excellency ANDREW G. CURTIN, Harrisburg:
Your dispatch just received. I have ordered General Reynolds to re-
l)ort to you at the earliest practicable moment. This army is not suffi-
ciently strong to divide it, but I rely upon your troops to hold the enemy
in check until I can overtake him.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
BALTIMORE, MD.,
September 11, 186210 p. m.
Major-General MCCLELLAN, 1?ockviUe:
I have just received, on my return from Washington, your telegram
of this date. The Monocacy Bridge is reported to be totally destroyed,
and the masonry of the piers and abutments largely damaged. We
have timber and all necessary material at Harpers Ferry. If this can
be obtained, an(l our bridge men from that vicinity, with supplies we
can command here, our engineer states that by most energetic effort
Page 270
270 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Ciair. XXXI.
he can pass trains in four days. I will at once direct best possible
arrangements to work from this end. You will please advi~, when
proper to do so, whether we can depend upon obtaining the materials
from Harpers Ferry. You are doubtless aware that in case of necessity
we can send trains from Washington to the Monocacy River in five hours,
and from Baltimore in four hours. The structures between Monocacy
and Harpers Ferry are small, so that if the latter point is held, and the
enemy driven from the intermediate line, the road through can be used
with but little delay.
J. W. GARRETT,
President Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.
WASHINGTON, September 11, 18624.30 p. m.
THOMAS A. SCOTT, Esq., Philadelphia:
General McClellan declines to spare General Reynolds from the field.
Who else will you have ~
EI)WIN M. STAIN TON.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 11, 1862.
Hon. E. N. STANTON:
Do not know who to name. We still hope that Reynolds will be
ordered here to-night. See message from Governor Curtin to the
President.
THOMAS A. SCOTT.
WASHINGTON , D. C.,
September 12, 18624 a. in.
Major-General MCCLELLAN,
Clarksburg, Md.:
How does it look now ~l
A. LINCOLN.
WASHINGTON CITY, D. C.,
September 12, 18625.45 p. in.
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
Governor Curtin telegraphs me:
1 have advices that Jackson is crossing the Potomac at Williamsport, and probably
the whole rebel army xviii be drawn from Maryland.
Receiving nothing from Harpers Ferry or Martinsburg to-day, and
positive information from Wheeling that the line is cut, corroborates
the idea that the enemy is recrossing the Potomac. Please do not let
him get off without being hurt.
A. LINCOLN.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Clarksburg, Md., September 12, 186~ 10 i m.
(Received 1.15 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK:
My columns are pushing on rapidly to Frederick. I feel perfectly
confident that the enemy has abandoned Frederick, moving in two direc
Page 271
ChAr. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 271
tions, viz, on the Hagerstown and Harpers Ferry roads. Fitz. Lee,
with four regiments of cavalry and six pieces of artillery, left New
Market yesterday for Liberty. They are being followed by Burnsides
cavalry.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
]Iiajor- General, Commanding.
e
WA~ DEPARTMENT,
Washington, Scptcrnber 12, 18621.45 p. m.
Major-General MCCLELLAN,
3liddlebrook, Md.:
General Porters corps took np its march this morning. On full con-
sultation with him, it was deemed best to keep his corps together, and
to march it by the Leesborough road. In this we were mdl agreed. Have
you any reliable information of enemys force sonth of the Potomac?
Is it not I)Ossible to open communication with Harpers Ferry, so that
Colonel Miles rorces can co-operate with you?
H. W. ILALLECK,
General-i r~- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Near Urbana, Md., September 12, 18625.30 p. m.
(Received 4.20 a. in., 13th.)
Major-General IIALLECK:
I have just learned, by signal from Sugar Loaf Mountain, that our
troops are entering Frederick. The remainder of Burnsides troops are
between Frederick and New Market. Sumner is near Urbana, with our
advance guard thrown out to the Monocacy ; Williams on his right;
Franklin on his left; Couch at Barnesville. Cavalry has been sent
toward Point of Rocks to ascertain whether there is any force of the
enemy in that direction. Buruside has cavalry in pursuit of Fitzhugh
Lee, toward Westminster. Should the enemy go toward Pennsylvania
I shall follow him. Should he attempt to recross the Potomac I shall
endeavor to cut off his retreat. My movements to-morrow will be de.
pendent upon information to be received during the night. The troops
have marched to-day as far as it was possible and proper for them to
move.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
P. S.I have ordered Banks to send eight new regiments to relieve
parts of Couchs command left at Offutts Cross-Roads, Seneca, and
Conrads and Edwards Ferries. How soon may I expect these troops?
Their presence at the points indicated is very necessary.
hEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC
Near Urbana., Md., September 12, 18626 l~ m.
(Received 4.08 a. in., 13th.)
Major-General HALLECK:
I learn nothing reliable as to the enemy south of the Potomac. I this
morning ordered cavalry to endeavor to open communication with Ha
Page 272
272 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
pers Ferry, and in my orders of movement for to-morrow have arranged
so that I can go or send to his [Miles] relief, if necessary. I have heard
no firing in that direction, and, if he resists at all, I think I can not only
relieve him, but place the rebels who attack him in great danger of being
cut off. Everything moves at daylight to-morrow. Your message to
him this moment received. Will forward by first opportunity.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE PoTOMAC,
Camp near Urbana, September 12,18629 p. m.
(Received 6.50 a. in., 13th.)
His Excellency the PRESIDENT:
You will have learned by my telegram to General Halleck that we
hold Frederick and the line of the Monocacy. I have taken all possible
means to communicate with Harpers Ferry, so that I maysend to its
relief if necessary. Cavalry are in pursnit of the Westminster party,
with orders to catch them at all hazards. The main body of my cavalry
and horse artillery are ordered after the enemys main column, with
orders to check its march as much as possible, that I may overtake it.
If Harpers Ferry is still in onr possession, I think I can save the gar-
rison, if they fight at all. If the rebels are really marching into Penn-
sylvania, I shall soon be up with them. My apprehension is that they
may make for Williamsport, and get across the river before I can catch
them.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS RIGHT WING,
Two Miles North of Damascus [hid.], Sept. 12, 18625.30 a. m.
(Received 1.30 p. in.)
Major.General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief, and
Major.General MCCLELLAIN:
A squadron of cavalry has just returned from New Market, and gives
us the positive information that the place was evacuated yesterday, the
rear leaviiigat 5 p. m. The force there consisted of fourregiments cavalry
and six pieces artillery, nnder Fitzhugh Lee. The regiments were small
when they first arrived, and in very bad condition, both horses and men,
but are said to have received considerable numbers of fresh horses and
recruits. Their arms are said to be bad. They had no wagons and
about fifty head of cattle. Their main body probably encamped last
night at Liberty; their rear at New London. The soldiers all say they
are going into Pennsylvania. This much of the information is reliable.
The commanding officer of the squadron conversed with some of the
citizens of New Market who had been in Frederick, and they all agree
in representing that Jackson had been there with a very strong force,
and ha.s moved from there in the direction of Hagerstown; and it is
also rumored that columns have moved upon the Gettysburg and Har-
pers Ferry roads. I can hardly understand how they can be moving on
these two latter roads at the same time. lf they are going into Penn-
sylvania they would hardly be moving upou the Harpers Ferry road
Page 273
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 273
and if they are going to recross, how could they be moving upon Get-
tysburg ~
In your communication of yesterday you spoke of a movement upon
Urbana. My opinion is that a direct movement upon Urbana and the
line of the Monocacy would develop the strength of the enemy, and in
all probability drive him beyond it. General iRenos corps will be in
New Market early this forenoon; General Hookers corps in the vicinity
of IRidgeville. I shall send all the available cavalry with Gibbons bat-
teries in the direction of Liberty. My headquarters will be at New
Market, where I will await further instructions from you.
A. E. BUENSIDE,
illitjor- General.
HEADQUARTERS RIGHT WING,
Damascus, Md., & ptember 12, 18626 a. in.
(Received 1.20 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK:
GENERAL: My command now occupies New Market and other points
in rear on the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. From my re-
port to General McClellan (a copy of which you will receive), you can
form your opinion as to the propriety of supplying us with subsistence
by the railroad. I shall endeavor to open communication with Balti-
more to-day.
A. E. BURNSIDE,
Major- General.
UPTONS HILL,
September 12, 18628.29 p. in.
Lieutenant-Colonel MOKEEVER,
Assistant Adjutant- General:
Sergeant Griswold, Harris Light Cavalry, has been 9 miles beyond
Falls Church, toward Leesburg. Just returned by Vienna. Could hear
of no force at Dranesville or Leesburg or beyond. Saw tracks of many
wagons at Vienna. Saw woman, who said, at Vienna, the country peo-
ple were taking vegetables to Fairfax to sell to enemy; that the enemy
visited there; that the Sixth Virginia Cavalry and some infantry were
at Germantown, and were going to Alliance; their pickets to-night to
Fairfax Court-House.
J. M. DAVIES,
Golonel, Commanding Cavalry Brigade.
HDQRS. THIRD CORPS, AR1~IY OF VIRGINIA,
Brig. Gen. ~. WILLIA~IS, Bidgeville, AId., September 12, 1862.
Assistant Adjutant-General:
I have just been shown an order relieving Brigadier-General Reynolds
from the command of a division in my corps. I request that the major-
general commanding will not heed this order; a scared Governor ought
not to be permitted to destroy the usefulness of an entire division of
the army, on the eve of important operations.
General Reynolds commands a division of Pennsylvania troops of
18 R HVOL XIX, FT I
Page 274
274 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXt
riot the best character; is well known to them, and I have no officer to
till his 1)hIce.
It is satisfactory to my muimid that the rebels have rio more intention of
going to Harrisburg than they have of going to heaven.
It is oniy in the United States that atrocities like this are entertained.
Very respectfully, & c.,
JOSEPH HOOKER,
Major- General, Commanding Corps.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 12, 1862.
Major-General HEINTZELMAN,
Arlington, Va.:
Send Tylers and Allabachs brigades with Porters corps. Brigadier-
General Humphreys will command. General Whipple will remain with
you, in charge of defenses.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
GENERAL HALLECKS HEADQUARTERS,
September 12, 186211.30.
General S. WILLIAMS,
General McClellans Headquarters:
Morell is in motion, and will go as far as possible toward Brookville
to-night. Tylers and Allabachs brigades, under Humplireys, will move
as soou as possible to-day. I hope to be with you, or near Frederick,
to-morrow night, with Morell and Ilumphreys next day.
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, September 12, 1862.
Major-General HEINTZELMAN:
Ascertain, if possible, by nieans of your cavalry, the probable forces
of the enemy south of the Potomac. Should there be no immediate
danger of an attack on that side of the river, I wish to send more forces
to General McClellan. In regard to wagons, you must apply to Quar-
termasters 1)epartmnent. I have no time for such matters.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in. Chief.
ARLINGTON, VA., September 12, 18624 p. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK:
I have sent out cavalry patrols, and they can find rio traces of the
enemy this side of Drauesville. I have no means of ascertaining the
probable force of the enemy beyond that point.
S. P. JIEINTZELMAN,
Major- General, Commanding
Page 275
275
CHAP. xXxi.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE POTOMAC,
Arlington, September 12, 1862.
General BIRNEY, Commanding, Seminary:
General Grover is ordered to relieve you, but you will move without
waiting for his troops, leaving a staff officer to point out to him the
ground now occupied by you. You will please assume command of all
troops within your lines, except the garrisons of the forts. There is a
cavalry brigade near Fort Blenker. Please direct the commanding offi-
cer to send three mounted orderlies to report to General Slough, mili-
tary governor of Alexandria.
CHAUNCEY MCKEEVER,
Chief of Sta~.
ALEXANDRIA, YA., September 12, 1862.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANT-GENERAL,
General Hallecks Headquarters:
I have received no or(ler from any source to retain any portion of the
troops outside of Alexandria, lately nnder my command. General Gro-
ver consents that I may use the Thirty-third Massachusetts for a short
time, aiid until I can have assigned me other troops. Will you please
sen(l me a regiment, for, without one, Alexandria will sooii be in the
control of drunken stragglers, as I have not force enough without to
preveti t.
JNO. P. SLOUGH,
Brigadier- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 12, 1862.
General MCCLELLAN:
The following is a copy of Associated Press report, dated Baltimore,
12th:
Last evening, at 7.30 oclock, the rebels made a cavalry rai(l into Westminster, about
500, with two pieces of artillery. As they charged through the village, discharged
their pistols on unarmed citizens on the street. C. W. Willister, district attorney,
seeing rebels coming, iiiade for the railroad, and, after proceeding about 1 mile, met
train from Baltimore, which, on his information, returned immediately. There was
at Union Bridge a train of the Western Maryland Railroad (locomotive and two
cars), which should have arrived at Westminster at 5 oclock this morning, and in
this city at 6 oclock. This train has probably been captured. Federals occupied
New Market, on Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 10 miles from Frederick, yesterday.
STAGER.
BALTIMORE, Mm,
September 12, 18622.30 p. in.
General JIALLECK, General-in-Chief:
You can put any of my troops under McClellans command. They are
all on the railroad, in detachments and regiments. I have two regi-
ments at the Relay House, one at Ellicotts Mills, one at Elysville, per-
haps 7,000 or 8,000 at Harpers Ferry, and two regiments and a battery
at Martinsburg. They may be iu his neighborhood, and you can give
him authority to use them as you or he may deem proper. I have no
available troops except those posted on different railroads.
~iOllN E. WOOL,
4fc~)or- General
Page 276
276 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
BALTIMORE, MD., September 12, 1862.
General HALLECK:
A full regiment is very much needed at Annapolis in place of the
Sixty-seventh Pennsylvania, now there, which has 500 men for duty.
The paroled prisoners, 4,000 in number, require a strong guard as well
as general hospital, railroad, provost-marshal, and camp 01 the regi-
ment. Shall I stop one of the new regiments for that purpose ~
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General, Commanding.
BALTIMORE, MD., September 12, l8627.p. m.
Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
The following telegram just received from Brigadier-General Kelley,
at Cumberland:
Just advised that Liglitburn has been defeated at Fayette Court-house, and is pur-
sued by the enemy down Big Kanawha.* The rebels ~vill, undoubtedly, cross over
toward the railroad, and cut oft our supplies. I have, therefore, deemed it proper to
order our forces at Cheat Mountain, Elk Water, and Beverly to fall hack to the rail-
road, at Webster. The enemy is reported in large force, under Loring, Floyd, and
Magruder. All quiet here.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Mc~jor- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Near Urbana [Md.], September 12, 186211.10 p. m.
(Received September 13.)
Maj. Gen. JOHN E. WOOL, Baltimore:
GENERAL: As I have not troops available for the purpose, I have
the honor to request that you will station guards at all the bridges on
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad as far west as the Monocacy.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, D. C., September 12, 186210.35 a. m.
Hon. ANDREW G. CURTIN, Harrisburg, Pa.:
Your dispatch asking for 80,000 disciplined troops to be sent to Penn-
sylvania is received4 Please consider we have not to exceed 80,000
disciplined troops, properly so called, this side of the mountains, and
most of them with many of the new regiments are now close in the rear
of the enemy supposed to be invading Pennsylvania. Start half of
them to Harrisburg and the enemy will turn upon and beat the remain-
ing half, and then reach Harrisburg before the part going there, and
beat it, too, when it comes. The best possible security for Pennsylvania
is putting the strongest force possible into the enemys rear.
A. LINCOLN.
See Campaign in the Kanawha Valley, West Virginia, September 616, Part I,
pp. 10571090.
tSee dispateli of 11th, received 8.30 p. in., p.268
Page 277
CHAr. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 277
HARRiSBuRG, PA., September 12, 1862.
(Received 4.15 p. in.)
flis Excellency the PRESIDENT:
Your message received. Reasons for not sending force entirely satis-
factory. We are doing all that is possible to throw forces into the valley
to check any movement the rebels may attempt in this (lirection. I
have advices that Jackson is crossing the Potomac at Williamsport, and
probably the whole rebel army will be drawn from Maryland.
A. G. (JURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 12, 1862~
(Received 12.25 p. in.)
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
Mr. Rodick, of Hanover, reports that enemy have retreated from Fred-
erick to cross the river above, and that General Sigel was shelling their
rear guard at Frederick last evening.
A. G. (JURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
(Copy for Major-General McClellan, Middlebrook, Md.)
HARRISBURG, PA., September 12, 1862.
(Received 7 p. in.)
Hon. E. M. STANTON,
Secretary of War:
Send General Reynolds as soon as possible. By telegraphing to the
superintendent Northern Central Railroad at Baltimore, an extra train
will be prepared for him on arrival at Baltimore.
A. G. (}URTJN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 12, 186210 p. in.
The PRESIDENT:
A reliable gentleman came from Hanover to give me the following
information:
I left the rebel encampment at Liberty, Md., last night at 12 oclock. I spent
twenty-four hours among their men and officers, from whom I learned the following
general programme, after satisfying th ~m that I was a citizen of Maryland and favor-
able to their cause: They intend to cr~s about 70,000 men, forming their reserve at
Williamsport, an(l occupy the Virginia shore as a general depot for all supplies they
can gather. Part of this reserve to attack and capture Martinsburg and Harper~s
Ferry. The main rebel army to occupy Maryland between Williamsport and Hagers-
town, from which they will move on Cumberland Valley and other points in Pennsyl-
vania. Their force in Maryland was about 190,000 men. That they have in Virginia
about 250,000 men, all of whom are being concentrated to menace Washington and
keep the Union armies employed there, while their forces in Maryland (levastate and
destroy Pennsylvania.
The gentleman who gives me this information is vouched for as relia-
ble and truthful by the best citizens of the i)lace where lie lives. I give
it to you for consideration.
A. C. CURTIN,
Governor of Pen nsylva,n ja
Page 278
27S OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Cir~r. XXXI.
PHILADELPHIA DEPOT, PA.,
September 12, 1862.
JOHN TUCKER,
Assistant Secretary of War:
Have arranged about howitzers. People at navy-yard strongly ad-
vise use of gunboats as most efficient at Susquehanna, Bush, and Gun-
powder Rivers. These would make everything there safe. (Jan you do
anything to help me get them? They should be light-draught. Tele-
graph answer. Am informed there are plenty at Washington.
S. M. FELTON.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DEPOT,
Carlisle Barracks, Pa., September 12, 1862.
Brig. Gen. LORENZO THOMAS,
Adjutant-General, U. S. Army, Washington, D. C.:
GENERAL: At the request of His Excellency Gov. A. G. Curtin, I have
sent my permanent party, mounted, at daylight this morning, to operate
in front of the rebel pickets, between Chambersburg an(l the Maryland
line, and to give some degree of confidence to the inhabitants, as ~velL
as to prevent a panic, which was rather imminent among the more easily
frightened portion of the people in that neighborhood.
I have the honor to be, general, very respectfully, your obedient serv-
ant,
D. H. HASTINGS
Captain First Cavalry, Comman~ling.
PHILADELPHIA, September 12, 18624 p. m.
His Excellency the PRESIDENT:
The emergency demands the assignment of a competent general, to
take command in this city. Peculiar circumstances affecting our State
military organizatiou make such measure absolutely necessary. I join
with Governor Curtin ir~ urging this upon your immediate attention, and
as1~ing a reply.
Very respectfully,
ALEX. HENRY.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washi~ton, D. C., September 12, 1862.
Hon. ALEXANDER HENRY, Philadelphia:
Yours of to-day received. General Halleck has made the best pro
vision he can for generals in Pennsylvania. Please do not be offended
when I assure you that in my confident belief Philadelphia is in no
danger. Governor Curtin has just telegraphed me:
I have advices that Jackson is crossing the Potomac at Williamsport, and probably
the whole rebel army will be drawn from Maryland.
At all events, Philadelphia is more than 150 miles from Hagerstown,
and could not be reached by the rebel army in ten days, if flO hiuderarice
was interposed.
A. LINCOLN
Page 279
279
Cnir. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.tTNION.
BALTIMORE, MD., September 12, 1862.
Major-General BANKS:
The rebels left Westminster to-day noon; Sonic of their pickets not
till 3p. in. Gone toward Uniontown and Smit.hsburg. They were about
400 strong, and two pieces cannon. Said they would be back in stronger
force in few days.
J. L. MCPHAIL.
WHEELING, VA., September 12, 1862.
General HALLECK:
I would respectfully suggest that Colonel Crook, who was in General
Coxs division, be sent to assist Colonel Liglitburn in the command in
that section, and that two regiments of Ohio volunteers, who are near
the mouth of the Kanawlia, be sent to Lightburn immediately
F. H. PEIRPOINT.
WASHINGTON, September 12, 1802.
JOHN TUCKER, Ju., Philadelphia:
What is the news in Philadelphia to.day ~
JOHN TUCKER.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.,
September 12, 1862. (Received 3.30 p. in.)
Hon. JOHN TUCKER,
Assistant Secretary of War:
Dispatch received. Curtin has called 50,000 men to defend the State
20,000 from Philadelphia Home Guards. Expect to go to Harrisburg
to-night. There are rumors of placing the city under martial law and
suspending business. Shall I go l
JOHN TUCKER, JR.
GENERAL ORDERS, ~ WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE,
No. 129. Washington, September 12, 1862.
I. The President directs that the First, Second, and Third Corps of
the Army of Virginia, announced in General Orders, No. 103, be here-
after designated the First, Eleventh, and Twelfth. The several army
corps will now stand as follows:
The First, Second, Third, and Fourth as arranged in General Orders,
No. 151, of March 13, 1862, from the Headquarters Army of the Po-
tomac.*
The Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth as aiinounced in Gen-
eral Orders, No. 84, of July 2~, 1862, from this otlice.t
The Tenth as announced in General Orders, No. 123, of September 3,
1862, from this office.
The Eleventh and Twelfth the same as the First and Second Corps,
Army of Virginia.
* * * * * * *
By order of the Secretary of War:
L. THOMAS,
Adjutant- General.
t See Series I, Vol. XI, Part III, p. 333.
* See Series I, Vol. V, p. 18
Page 280
280 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP.XXXL
GENERAL ORDERS, ~ lln~s. 8TH ARMY CoRps, MIDDLE DEPT.,
No. 36. f Baltimore, AId., September 12, 1862.
So much of General Orders, No. 32, current series from these head-
quarters, as confers the command of all the infantryin the city of Bal-
timore upon Brig. Gen. John 11. Kenly, U. S. Volunteers, is hereby
revoked.
Brigadier-General Kenlys command will hereafter consist of the
First, Fourth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Regiments Maryland Volun-
teers, which are constituted a brigade under his command.
By command of Major-General Wool:
WM. D. WHIPPLE,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS, September 112, 1862.
Asst. Adjt. Gen., Hdqrs. Army of the Potomac:
In answer to your telegrams respecting the Eighteenth Maine, and
the movement of Morells and Whipples division, late Sturgis, I have
the honor to state that General Porter received orders last night, direct
Irom the Generalin-Chief, to move to Brookyille this morning with
Morells division, and was this morning farther instructed by General
Halleck to take Allabachs and Tylers brigades, under the command
of Brig. Gen. A. A. llumphreys. For this reason it has been imprac-
ticable to execute the commanding generals orders in regard to placing
General Porter in command on this side of the river, and I have, by
direction of the Genera1-in-Chief~ placed General Barnard in command of
the troops and works for the immediate defense of Washington on the
north side. General Stoneman is to report to General Heintzelman for
the command of Kearnys division. General Whipple remains in com-
mand of certain works, as before, with Piatts brigade added. I hear
from Baltimore that about 500 rebel cavalry and artillery were in West-
minster last night about 7 oclock. Westminster is about 30 miles north-
east of Frederick and about 28 by good pike from Baltimore. There is
now a railway from Union Bridge to Relay House, on Northern Central
Railroad, l)assing through Westminster.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General, Commanding.
WASHINGTON, D - C.,
September 13, 186210.45 a. m.
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
Yours of 5.30 p. m. yesterday is just received. General Banks cannot
safely spare eight new regiments from here. You must remember that
very few troops are now received from the North, imearly all being
stopped to guard the railroad. Four regiments were ordered to General
Dix to replace Peeks division. Porter yesterday took away over 20,000.
Until you know more certainly the enemys force south of the Poto-
mac, you are wrong in thus uncovering the capital. I am of opinion
that the enemy will send a small column toward Pennsylvania~, so as
to (Ira w- your forces in that direction; then suddenly move on Wash-
ington with the forces south of the Potomac and those he may cross
over. In your letter of the 10th [11th?] you attach too little importance,
to the capital. I assure you that you are wrong. The capture of thi
Page 281
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 281
place will throw us back six months, if it should not destroy us. Be-
ware of the evils I now point out to you. You saw them when here,
but you seem to forget them in the distance. No more troops can be
sent from here till we have fresh arrivals from the North.
II. W. IJALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS, Frederick, September 13, 186212 m.
(Received 2.35 a. in., September 14.)
To the PRESIDENT:
I have the whole rebel force in front of me, but am confident, and no
time shall be lost. I have a difficult task to perform, bat with Gods
1)lessing will accomplish it. I think Lee has made a gross mistake, and
that he will be severely punished for it. The army is in motion as rap.
idly as possible. I hope for a great success if the plans of the rebels
remain unchanged. We have possession of Catoctin. I have all the
plans of the rebels, and will catch them in their own trap if my men
are equal to the emergency. 1 now feel that I can count on them as of
old. All forces of Pennsylvania should be placed to co-operate at Chain-
bersburg. My respects to Mrs. Lincoln. Received most enthusiastically
by the ladies. Will send you trophies. All well, and with Gods bless-
ing will accomplish it.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN.
FREDERICK CITY, MD., September 13, 186211 p. m.
(Received 1 p. in., September 14.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
An order from General B. E. Lee, addressed to General D. II. Hill,
which has accidentally come into my hands this eveningthe authen-
ticity of which is unquestionablediscloses some of the plans of the
enemy, and shows most conclusively that the main rebel army is now
before us, including Longstreets, Jacksons, the two Hills, McLaws,
Walkers, R. H. Andersons, and Hoods commands. That army was
ordered to march on the 10th, and to attack and capture our forces at
Harpers Ferry and Martinsburg yesterday, by surrounding them with
such a heavy force that they conceived it impossible they could escape.
They were also ordered to take possession of the Baltimore and Ohio
Railroad; afterward to concentrate again at Boonsborough or Hagers-
town. That this was the plan of campaign on the 9th is confirmed
by the fact that heavy firing has been heard in the direction of Harpers
Ferry this afternoon~ and the columns took the roads specified in the
order. It may, therefore, in my judgment, be regarded as certain that
this rebel army, which I have good reasons for believing amounts to
120,000 men or more, and know to be commanded by Lee in person, in-
tended to attempt penetrating Pennsylvania. The officers told their
friends here that they were going to Harrisburg and Philadelphia. My
advance has pushed forward to-day, and overtaken the enemy on the
Middletown and Harpers Ferry roads, and several slight engagements
have taken place, in which our troops have driven the enemy from their
position. A train of wagons, about three-quarters of a mile long, was
destroyed to-day by the rebels in their flight. We took over 50 prison-
ers. This army marches forward early to-morrow morning, and will
make forced marches~to endeavor to relieve Colonel Miles, but I fear
Page 282
282 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
unless he makes a stout resistance, we may be too late. A report caine
in just this moment that Miles was attacked today and repulsed the
enemy, but I do not know what credit to attach to the statement. I
shall do everything in my power to save Miles if he still holds out.
Portions of Burnsides and Franklins corps moved forward this even-
ing. I have received your dispatch of 10 a. m. You will perceive, from
what I have stated, that there is but little probability of the enemy
being in much force south of the Potomac. I do not, by any means, wish
to be understood as undervaluing the importance of holding Washing-
ton. It is of great consequence, but upon the success of this army the
fate of the nation depends. It was for this reason that I said everything
else should be made subordinate to placing this army in proper condi-
tion to meet the large rebel force in our front. Unless General Lee has
changed his plans, I expect a severe general engagement to-morrow.
[feel confident that there is now no rebel force immediately threaten-
ing Washington or Baltimore, but that I have the mass of their troops
to contend with, and they outnumber me when united.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Brig. Gen. LORENZO THOMAS, September 13, 1862.
Adjutant-General, U. S. Army:
GENERAL: There is no more important arm of the military service
than the regular artillery, and none which, during the existing war, has
achieved more, and upon which hope for the future success, during the
contest, is to rely. It is of the greatest consequence to maintain it in
a condition of efficiency. For this end it must be recruited. Out of
the twenty-six regular batteries in this army, ten are now but four-gun
batteries, when it is of great importance that they should be of six guns,
and this for want of cannoneers and drivers.
The volunteers serving with the batteries in many cases have de-
manded to be returned to their regiments, and I have been compelled,
since they have a sort of right to it, to return them. During the pres-
ent month and the fall months the terms of service of many men will
expire. Thus, the condition of the regular artillery is precarious unless
some stimulus is given to the recruiting service.
I view it of the highest importance to the country and the service
that the six-gun batteries should be increased to eight-gun batteries.
We would thus need fewer volunteer batteries would have a more
manageable artillery force, at less expense, than we have now, and would
have one vastly more reliable.
To carry the ten four-gun batteries up to eight-gun batteries would
require 100 men each, say, 1,000 men; to carry the sixteen six-gun bat-
teries up to eight-gun batteries would require 60 men each, say, 960 men;
to fill up the twenty-six batteries, of six guns each, with the proper com-
plement of men would require from 1,000 to 1,200 men.
I earnestly invite the serious attention of the Adjutant-General and
the War Department to the subject of filling up the artillery, and I ask
that every means be exhausted to procure 2,000 men for the artillery.
I also inclose a memorandum of the number of recruits needed for the
regular infantry. The regular infantry regiments are the most reliable
foot troops that we have. Their existence is threatened by the paucity
and continual diminution of their numbers
Page 283
ChAP. XXXI.]
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
283
I earnestly request that if the resources of the War Department can
control the matter, that they be used to their utmost to re-enforce the
thinned ranks of these regiments.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
lJJiajor- General, Commanding.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. 254. f Camp near Frederick, Aid., September 13, 1862.
* * * * * * *
II. Maj. Gen. J. Sedgwick is assigned, temporarily, to the command of
the Second (Banks) Corps, late Army of Virginia, and will immediately
enter upon duty accordingly. Brig. Gen. 0. 0. Howard will relieve
Major-General Sedgwick in the command of his division.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
[S. WILLIAMS,]
Assistant Adjutant- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 13, 1862.
General SLOUGH, Alexandria, Va.:
General Banks wrote me last evening that he would give the proper
orders, so that you would be duly supplied with troops.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
Washington, September 13, 1862.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS
Asst. Adjt. Gen., Headquarters Army of the Potomac:
Upon further consultation with the General-in-Chief~ he has author-
ized me to assign General Barnard to duty as chief engineer of all the
defenses from the 3d instant, leaving the question of command on the
north side as it was previously under Woodbury and ilaskin. I have
to~day issued orders to that effect. In regard to General Barnard, the
arrangement now conforms to the wishes of the commanding genera].
I hear from Baltimore that the rebels left Westminster about noon
yesterday, going toward Uniontown and Smithsburg. They were, it is
said, 400 strong and two pieces of cannon, and said they would be back
in stronger force in a few days. This I think has been already commu-
nicated. What news have you I
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, September 13, 1862.
General D. P. WOODBURY,
Commanding over Eastern Branch:
GENERAL: The idea I have as to the system of works on the other
side is that it is impossible to maintain any line. An enemy in force,
say to the north of us, may make a sudden effort that way and break
through the intervals. We cannot ha.ve troops enough on that side t
Page 284
284 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
prevent it. Certainly this is the case as the matter now stands. If
this is correct, the works should be regarded merely as holding the
points from which he might shell the city, and, which held, will prevent
his operating on that side.
With this view, the forts should be kept provided with several days
provisions. I think the garrisons ought to be placed more generally
inside the works, particularly, as at Mahan, where there is much- space.
If there is danger of surprise, and no troops in the neighborhood bnt the
garrisons, this is the more important.
The belt of woods in front of Davis, Da Pont, and Meigs I meant to
have felled with the first work done. It is still standing, as also woods
and wooded heights west of Mahan, too near. The guard on the west
side of Bennings Bridge would be of no use against a cavalry raid or
an attempt to force the passage by an armed force. I think a t~t~-de-
pout at Benuings and Navy-Yard Bridges and stockades would prob-
ably be best at both positions. There are now siege guns at several of
the works, as Mahan and Meigs; siege platforms should be immedi-
ately laid for them. The 30-pounder Parrott at Mahan may be removed
to Meigs, if you think best. Enough field guns have beeu sent to Fort
Ihiker to fill all the platforms, I believe. Would it not be better to dis.
tribute them in Davis and Du Pout, where none have been sent 0? If you
do it, consider it carefully, so there will be no after-changes, and report
it after it is done.
You have no idea of the uncertainty which exists as to the actual
armament, so many changes having been made lately.
I am, very respect fnlly, your most obedient servant,
J. G. BARNARD,
Brigadier- General.
MoNocAcY, MD., September 13, 1862.
Colonel STAGER:
We have got line strung across river and built to old office. Line
down very badly between here and Frederick, 3 miles. Mr. Kelty,
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad operator, gone to Frederick with instru-
ments. I go as soon as I can build line. We want wire, and materials
to get both wires up. No authentic news, except that rebel wagon-
train was captured this a. in., and that we have many prisoners. Heavy
firing at or near Harpers Ferry until about 3 ~. m. Rumored that large
portion of rebel army has recrossed into Viu-ginia. Have seen member
of Brigadier-General Kimballs staff, who promised to inform command-
ers that we were in communication. Have you any orders 0?
F. T. BICKFORD.
UPTONS HILL, VA., September 13, 1862.
Lieutenant-Colonel MCKEEVER,
6~UeJ oj ~ ArUngton:
I have to report that I seut Captain Griuton, Harris Light Cavalry, to
Dranesville and beyond, toward Leesburg. He proceeded to within
about a mile of Goose Creek, some 6 miles from Leesburg, aud about 22
miles from here. Ife heard from many sources that Leesburg was aban-
doned, and thinks it so. He could hear of no force toward Vienna. He
found a servant deserted from his master at Frederick on Wednesday,
and who left Leesbnrg at 10 to-day. I shall send him in the morning,
as directed, and his examination for verification. The man lives nea
Page 285
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 285
Falls Church, and has a good character. Allow me to say Captain
Grinton has performed his duty in a very satisfactory manner. The
scouting ])arty from the Occoquan has not yet reported. I sent two
scouts to Leesburg, and one, disguised, to where the enemy are.
* * * * * * *
J. M. DAVIES,
Colonel, Commanding Cavalry.
DAMASCUS, Mn., September 13, 1862.
Cols. ANSoN STAGER:
A courier who left Burnsides headquarters at Frederick at 8 oclock
this morning, just arrived. lie reports that General iReno, of General
Burnsides army, led the second and successful charge into Frederick,
our first charge proving futile. The rebels made a (letermined stand at
first, but broke and ran pell-mell, closely I)urslled by our cavalry. After
running 6 miles, the rebels made another stand, near the turnpike, to
left, near mountain, when both armies reste(l for the night, but at day-
break our cavalry and artillery moved forward and opened heavy fire
on the rebels, who fell back slowly and in good order. As the courier
was leaving Frederick, our artillery was shelling the woods briskly, and
General Hookers corps was beginning to move forward. Yesterday~s
fight. was exclusively an artillery and cavalry fight on our side. As
General Buruside entered Frederick, he was cheered by the inhabitants,
who waved Union flags and shouted, Hurrah for Buruside. Fred.
crick is once more redeemed.
DOLAN,
Operator.
POINT OF ROCKS, MD.,
September 13, 1862.
Colonels SANFORD and STAGER:
The enemy are at Knoxville and Weverton. They have cut the canal
to cross into Virginia. Their wagon-train is moving toward the river
very fast from Jefferson.
J. II. FRALICK,
Acting Signal Officer.
[SEPTEMBER 13], 1862.
Colonel STAGER:
There was heavy firing on the north side of Blue Ridge until 3 p. in.,
indicating that a portion of the enemys trool)s were passing through
Solomons Gap toward Wilhiamsport.
ISAAC J. hARVEY,
First Lieutenant and Signal Officer.
WAR I)EPARTMENT,
Washington, September 13, 1862.
Major-General WOOL, Baltimore, Md.:
We cannot at present spare more tl-ool)s for Annapolis. General Mc-
Clellan has taken so large a force into the field that all Ihe new troops -
we can get for the present are wanted here.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
Page 286
286 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [Oiiir. XXXI
BALTIMORE, MD., September 13, 18626 a. m.
Major-General HALLECK, General-in- Chief:
Generals Lee and Jackson passed North Mountain Station yesterday
at 12 in., west of Martinsburg, with a force of 20,000 men, toward Mar-
tinsburg. No firing having been heard, it was thought General White
had left Martinsburg. Colonel Campbell further reports that it is said
Longstreet will cross at Hancock, and that a large force is advancing
on New Creek from Strasburg.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
P. 5.The above is from Brigadier-General Kelley, Cumberland.
BALTIMORE, MD.,
September 13, 18626.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. fl. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
Brigadier-General Kelley reports as follows:
Colonel Campbell telegraphs that Longstreets division is now crossing the Poto-
mac into Virginia, at Williamsport, and going toward Martinsburg.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
HDQRS. MIDDLI~ DEPARTMENT, EIGHTH ARMY CORPS,
Baltimore, Md., September 13, 1862.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief, Washington:
GENERAL: I have been importuned to furnish troops to enforce the
enrollment of the militia of Maryland. I have refused the application,
first, because I have no troops to spare; secondly, the exercise of the
power would be an offense solely cognizable by the civil authorities, and
not by the military tribunals.
An application will no doubt be made to the War Department for
troops to be used for the above purpose. Should the Secretary of War
decide in favor of the application, I would recommend that one of the
Maryland regiments now being raised be placed exclusively under the
direction of the Governor, as I am in no respect willing to become re-
sponsible for the arrests made by Provost-Marshal McPhail or his
deputies. One of these deputies has sent here for confinement 5 or 6
men, who have been arrested on mere suspicion. Whosoever orders
the con ilnement of these men will be subject to the penalty of false im-
l)risonment. It is for refusing to confine men on mere rumor and sus-
picion that the Jacobins of this city induced the President to consent
to have me removed from this department.
Herewith you will receive a copy of my order on the subject of arrests
and confinements.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
[Inclosure.]
GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. EIGHTII A. C., MIDDLE DEPT.,
No. 30. Baltimore, September 1, 1862.
W. A. Van Nostrand, city marshal of Baltimore, is this day appointed
civil provost-marshal for the Eighth Army Corps, Middle Department,
~ul)ject or~iy to the orders of the ~er~lm~nding general
Page 287
CHAP. XXXT.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC UNION. 287
As provost-marshal, he will have charge of all political prisoners ar-
rested or confined, until disposed of by order of the commanding gen-
eral,to whom the marshal will report daily all prisoners arrested, with
the charges and specifications against them.
As many persons have been arrested and confined upon frivolous
charges, and others upon rumor or suspicion, no citizen or other person
not a soldier, within the limits of this department, will hereafter be
arrested or confined upon charges of disloyalty or treasonable practices,
unless the charges and specifications shall have first been submitted in
writing to the provostmarshal, setting forth in what respect and at
what time he may have been disloyal or guilty of tr~sonable practices,
and the truth of which attested under the solemnity of an oath, by the
person preferring them; and no such accused person 6r prisoner in this
department will be held by any provost-marshal, civil or military, or
commandant of post, under the control of the commanding general,
until after the charges, as above described and attested, shall have
been transmitted to him for his action and orders in the case.
The military and civil provost-marshals will, actively and vigilantly,
cooperate in preserving the peace and order of the city, under special
instructions to be given from time to time by the commanding general.
The duties of the first will, in general, be limited to the military sta-
tioned in and about Baltimore; and, of the second, to civil persons; but
both will aid each other, when necessary, in the discharge of the duties
required of them. JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General, Commanding.
HARRISBURG, PA, September 13, 1862.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
When may we expect General Reynolds here ~ Services needed im-
mediately. Longstreets division is said to have reached Hagerstown
last night. Jackson crossed Potomac at XYilliamsport to capture Mar-
tinsburg and Harpers Ferry. We are assembling militia rapidly at
(Dhambersburg. Can we do anything to aid your movements?
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 13, 1862.
Governor CURTIN, Harrisburg, Pa.:
Two orders have been sent to General Reynolds, but his movements
in the field may have delayed their reaching him. He was expected
to leave for Harrisburg last night. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 13, 1862.
Major-General HALLECK:
The enemy, in force of 3,000 infantry and some cavalry, occupied
Middleburg, on Pennsylx~ania line, 7 oclock this evening. Heavy can-
nonading heard ip peighborhood of Nartinsbnrg from 11 this a. m. till
3 this p. m.
A. G. CURTIN,
& orn3rn~or of Peansyl~.aaia
Page 288
288 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 13, 1862.
Governor CURTIN, Harrisburg, Pa.:
Your two dispatches received toget;her. No regiments of volunteers
to be retained at Harrisburg. All must be sent here for the present.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
Major.General HPLLECK, HARRISBURG, PA., September 13, 1862.
aeneral-in- Chief:
GENERAL: I have just reached this place, having left Burusides
army yesterday at IRidgeville. From the situation of affairs in front
of the army there and the news received here this evening from Green-
castle, the demonstrations of the enemy look in this direction to me
particularly. I am fully impressed that the iiitention has been for some
time entertained by them to invade this section of the State. In order
that what can be done here may, in a measure, co-operate with the
movements of that army, will you please advise me, as far as possible,
of the situation in the lines, whenever it can be done ~l I think if the
Reserve Corps could be spared from the army in front of Washington
and dispatched here, it would be of great assistance in forming and or-
ganizing the new troops assembling at this point. I have no hope that
this request will meet with favor from the commanding general of the
troops, yet I cannot but think that it would prove a judicious move in
the end. If the Reserve cannot be sent, there is one of its batteries re-
cruiting in Washington which might be very well spared, and there is
nothing here of that arm as yet. Lieutenant Amsdens is the battery
I allude to.
Respectfully,
JOHN F. REYNOLDS,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 13, 1862.
Gov. F. H. PEIRPOINT, IVheeling, Va.:
As soon as I can find where General Crook now is, I will give him
orders. He was supposed to be iu Western Virginia.
H. W. HALLECK,
General.in- Chief.
GENERAL MCCLELLANS HEADQUARTERS,
September 14, 186211.15 a. m. (Received 12 in.)
Ma]. Gen. H. W. HALLEOK,
General-in- Chief:
We occupy Middletown and Jefferson. The whole force of the enemy
in front. They are not returning to Virginia. Look well to Chambers-
burg. Shall lose no time. Will soon have a decisive battle.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- Gencral
Page 289
CHAr. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 289
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
September 14, 1862. (Sent 1.30 p. in.)
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
Yoirrs of 11.15 is just received. Scouts report a large force still on
Virginia side of the Potomac, near Leesburg. If so, I fear you are
exposing your left flank, and that the enemy can cross in your rear.
Can you not ascertain the fact from Sugar Loaf Mountain? Hearing
that you had withdrawn all troops from the river below Conrads Ferry,
I directed General Banks to supply their place. I do not understand
what you mean by asking me to look out for Chambersburg. I have
no troops to send there.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HDQRS. ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, September 14,
Via Point of Rocks, Md., September 15, 18622 p. in.
General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief, U. S. Army:
We are firing the passes of the Blue Ridge. Have possession of the
heights on the left of Hagerstown pike; are now attacking the right.
Franklin is attacking the Rockville [Cramptons] Pass, through the same
ranges. Thus far all goes well. Have taken about 100 prisoners. I have
the troops in hand. They are confident, and hope to have full possession
of the passes by dark.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Three miles beyond Middletown, Md., Sept. 14,18629.40 p. in.
(Received 1 a. in., 15th.)
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
After a very severe engagement, the corps of Hooker and Reno have
carried the heights commanding the Hagerstown road. The troops
behaved magnificently. They never fought better. Franklin has been
hotly engaged on the extreme left. I do not yet know the result, ex-
cept that the firing indicated progress on his part. The action con-
tinued until after dark, and terminated leaving us in possession of the
entire crest. It has been a glorious victory. I cannot yet tell whether
the enemy will retreat during the night or appear in increased force in
the morning. I am hurrying up everything from the rear, to be pre-
pared for any eventuality. I regret to add that the gallant and able
General Reno is killed.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
[Major. General.]
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 14, 1862.
General FITZ JOHN PORTER,
Commanding Army Corps:
GENERAL: The commanding general desires you to move up as rapidly
19 R RYOL XIX, PT I
Page 290
290 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
as possible, guarding your flanks well. Please order all troops you may
overtake coming this way to come forward with you. We moved for-
ward this morning to attack the enemy.
Very respectfully,
B. B. MARCY
Chief of L~taff.
(Received at Middletown [Md.], and sent to Genera] McClellan, September 14, 1862.)
General MCCLELLAN:
I have gained the ridge on left of road opposite to where their bat-
tery was. We shelled it, and they have taken it off. This morning they
had a heavy force of infantry on right, in the woods on mountains, com-
manding batteries. Their guns have been withdrawn, and Reno is send-
ing a brigade in that direction. General Coxs division is on our left,
and I am moving up cautiously at Burkittsville. Enemy have 1,500
cavalry and three guns. The Sixth and First Cavalry are at Jefferson,
and are scouting well over toward Harpers Ferry.
PLEASONTON.
SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. . in the Field, September 14, 1862.
Maj. Gen. A. E. Burnside is assigned to the command of the right
wing of this army, which will be composed of his own and Hookers
corps.
The Second Corps (Banks), late Army of Virginia, is placed, until
further orders, under the command of Maj. Gen. E. V. Sumner, com-
manding Second Corps, Army of the Potomac.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,
Washington, September 14, 1862.
Major-General BANKS, Commanding, & c.:
GENERAL: The inclosed telegram is this moment received. Why
Edwards Ferry has been left entirely unprotected I cannot understand.
The only remedy now is for you to immediately send there some force
nearest to the place. This should be done without a moments delay.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. W. HALLECK
General-in-Chief.
[Inclosure.]
EDWARDS FERRY, MD., September 14,1862.
WAR DEPARTMENT:
The entfre line of the river is open from here to Seneca Creek, 8 miles
below me, and up to Conrads Ferry, 6 or 5 miles west. I have but S
men at this place. Please send me force or say what I shall do, as I
am cut off from my headquarters at Harpers Ferry, and can hear noth-
ing from there. There was a regiment here until this morning, when
they were ordered away. Please answer.
Your obedient servant,
W. H. H. YONTZ,
Captain, Commanding Post
Page 291
Cxii. XXII.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 291
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 14, 18621.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTzEL~rAN, Arlington:
The General-in-Chief directs that General Stoneman proceed without
delay to the Upper Potomac, with six regiments of his own division, to
take command, also, of the two regiments and battery now there. He
is to guard the crossings from Great Falls to Point of Rocks, having his
main force at some central position, such as Poolesviile, to be selected
by him. General McClellan telegraphs that the affair yesterday at base
of South Mountain was a complete success at all points. The enemy
are in a full retreat. All the troops, new and old, he says, behaved
splendidly. General iReno was killed. Please acknowledge.
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
WASHINGTON, September 14, 1862.
Major-General BANKS,
Commanding Defenses, & e.:
GENERAL: On examining Fort Lyon I find there is an immense quan-
tity of work required to put it in a proper condition. It is a very large
work, and requires a garrison of 1,400 men for defense, at a minimum
estimate. It is now occupied by three companies of the Third New
York Artillery Battalion, numbering between 300 and 400 men. They
would suffice to serve the guns, though I think it would be better, as
few of the guns at Fort Ellsworth have now any bearing, unless our
outer line is forced, to take the fourth company of this battalion from
the latter work and send it to Fort Lyon.
I think there should also be a regiment assigned to Fort Lyon as a
part of its permanent garrison. If one of the new regiments can be
found, commanded by an experienced colonel, it would answer the pur-
pose. It will probably be said that an old regiment cannot be spared. -
However that may be, some course should be immediately taken that
will insure a proper defense of this work if attacked.
The other works are much smaller, and if they have not their infantry
garrisons in them, they are close by, and there are experienced officers in
general charge, who would know how to post them. Fort Lyon is isolated.
Whoever commands this work, in case of attack, must have studied it,
and made himself familiar with its arrangements. As it is, it would be
likely that if a force would be thrown in, in case of sudden advance of
the enemy, quite unacquainted with their duties, that there would be
discordance between the new commander and the present artillery com-
mander. My duties as the engineer do not permit me to keep myself
informed as to the dispositions and changes of dispositions of troops,
and I can only state the necessity, without being able to say exactly
how to meet it. If a regiment is sent to Fort Lyon, I would be able
from it to obtain details for the work to be done in and near it. I need
400 men, at least (a daily detail), around Fort Lyon, and an equal num-
ber for work on lines between Forts Ward and Worth, and between
Forts Worth and Lyon. Hookers old division is encamped near these
works, but the commanders are very reluctant that their men should
now work. There appears to be a large force of troops near Fort Ells-
worth. If there is to be any stability in their position, these would fur-
nish the necessary details. I do not wish to excite the idea of grea
Page 292
292 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD, AND PA. [CuAr. XXXL
weakness, which the work I propose to do is to remedy, for even now
the position is strong, but the auxiliary work would make it stronger,
and some portions of it very important. I believe there are two or three
companies of the New York Second Artillery in Fort Runyon. It does
not seem necessary to keep experienced artillerymen in a work where
there are but two guns, and which cannot come into play, except in the
last desperate extremity, that we are forced to abandon the other shore.
The foregoing remarks may serve to show you the necessity of more
permanence in command, more system in assignments of garrisons, and
in control of the artillery. All last winter an artillery officer of high
rank had control of all the artillery, and, I believe, all the artillerymen.
There never was a time when it was of more importance than now.
I am, very respectfully, your most obedient servant,
J. G. BARNARD,
Brigadier- General.
UPTONS HILL, VA., September 14, 1862.
nant-Colonel MOKEEVER,
Chief of Staff, Arlington:
I have to report return of two scouts of Harris Light Cavalry from
Leesburg early this morning. There are 300 sick there; no others. The
last brigade left on Friday for Winchester; it was 2,500 strong. Another
brigade left the day before for Harpers Ferry. As far as they could
learn, there is no enemy between Harpers Ferry and Leesburg. The
force at Winchester is reported large, and General Johnston, who came
from Gordcnsville, is said to be commander there. There was heavy
firing heard at Leesburg yesterday evening, and this morning in the
direction of Harpers Ferry; also, on their return, the first seemed near-
est and the last farthest. It may be of use to state that, though in uni-
form, they found no difficulty to pass for secession soldiers. Many of
the sick said they hoped to be captured, to be paroled.
J. M. DAVIES,
Colonel, Commanding Gavalry Brigade.
POOLESYILLE, Mm, September 14, 1862.
General HALLECK,
General-in Chief, U. S. Army:
We proceeded on the Virginia shore to Dranesville, and, from infor-
mation that we received, Generals Longstreet and Hill were at Lees-
burg. They were to cross at the Point of Rocks. Our troops are at
Seneca. They crossed at Long Acre Bottom. Heavy cannonading on
our right between Frederick and Sugar Loaf Mountain.
W. J. GAINES.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 14, 1862.
Brigadier-General REYNOLDS,
flarrisburg, Pa.:
We cannot now divide our army to send the Reserves to Harrisburg.
We must be prepared to meet the enemy with all our available forces
united.
H. W. HALLECK
General-inl~hie
Page 293
Gnu-. XXXI.) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.lJNION. 293
HARRISBURG, PA., September 14, 1862.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK:
Telegram from Greencastle this evening says that our pickets have
advanced over the State line, and are now in Maryland, on all the roads
leading to Hagerstown. Have been within 3 miles of the latter place.
The rebel pickets have fallen back, showing a bold front until within
a few hours8.30 p. m. Scouts report Longstreets division moving
east, on the Boonsborough road, to-day.
JOHN F. REYNOLDS,
Brigadier- General Volunteers.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF PENNSYLVANIA,
Harrisburg, Pa., September 14,1862.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
It is necessary to have a considerable cavalry force in the Cumberland
Valley. We have abundant offers of men and horses, but have no
equipments. Can YOU direct the Ordnance Bureau to furnish us, at the
earliest moment, equipments and carbines for 3,000 cavalry? Please
answer.
JOHN F. REYNOLDS,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
BALTIMORE, MIx,
September 14, 186210.15 p. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
Brigadier-General Kelley telegraphs that the enemy have taken Bom-
ney with a force of 2,500 men. He calls for re-enforcements. I have
none to send him. McClellan has command of all the troops from liar-
pers Ferry to Martinsburg. I have ordered .a regiment to Monocacy.
We have the road to Frederick, and have sent rations to that place,
and more are called for. It would be a great loss if the enemy should
destroy the road to Cumberland. It is thought that the destruction of
the Pennsylvania road would follow.
JOHN E. WOOL,
]Jlajor- General.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 14, 1862.
The PRESIDENT:
The enemy hold possession with infantry and cavalry 4 miles from
Greencastle. Heavy cannonading on south. It is supposed to be along
Potomac near Harpers Ferry. We are massing forces rapidly, our peo-
ple responding to the call in a most wonderful manner. Our organiza-
tion, we hope, will deter movements upon the interior of Pennsylvania.
A. G. CURTIN,
Gorernor of Pennsylvania.
COLUMBLTS, Onto, September 14, 1862.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
Governor Peirpoint, who is with me this morning, joins me in recom-
mending that you attach Western Virginia to Major-General Wrights
command. Ohio troops must be sent into Western Virginia.
DAVID TOD,
Governor
Page 294
294
OPERATIONS iN N. VA., W. VA, MD., AND VA. rCnAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Bolivar, Md., September 15, 18628 a. m.
(Received 12.25 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. Th W. IIALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
1 have just learned from General Hooker, in the advance, who states
that the information is perfectly reliable that the enemy is making for
Shepherdstown in a perfect panic; and General Lee last night stated
I)ublicly that he must admit they had been shockingly whipped. I am
hurrying everything forward to endeavor to press their retreat to the
utmost.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major-General.
HEADQUARTERS,
Bolivar, Md., September 15, 18628 a. m.
(Received 2 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Okief, U. S. Army:
I am happy to inform you that Franklins success on the left was as
complete as that on the center and right, and resulted in his getting
l)ossession of the Bnrkittsville Gap, after a severe engagement. On all
parts of the line the troops, old and new, behaved with the utmost steadi-
iiess and gallantry, carrying, with but little assistance from our own artil-
lery, very strong positions, defended by artillery and infantry. I do not
think our loss very severe. The corps of D. H. Hill and Longstreet were
engaged with our right. We have taken a considerable number of pris-
oners. The enemy disappeared during the night. Our troops are now
advancing in pursuit of them. I do not know where he will be found.
The morale of our men is now restored.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
THREE MILES BEYOND MIDDLETOWN, Mn.,
Bolivar, Md., September 15, 18629 a. m.
Major-General BANKS:
I think that, under present circumstances, it will be well for you to
move the greater part of your command to the south side of the Poto-
mac. I do not consider that any danger to Washington is now to be
feared from the north side of the river.
GEO. B. McCLELLAI~
Major- General, tJomrnanding.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Bolivar, Md., September 15, 186210 a. m.
(Received 1.20 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief, U. S. Army:
There are already about 700 rebel prisoners at Frederick, under very
insufficient guard, and I shall probably send in a larger number to-day
Page 295
CHAP. XX~1J CoIll~tSlONDtNCt, tTC.-~--tJNION. 295
It would be well to have them either paroled or otherwise disposed of
as Frederick is an inconvenient place for them. Information this mo-
ment received completely confirms the rout and demoralization of the
rebel army. General Lee is reported wounded and Garland killed.
Hooker alone has over 1,000 more prisoners. It is stated that Lee
gives his loss as 15,000. We are following as rapidly as the men can
move.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major. General, Gommandin~g.
CAMP NEAR BooNSBoRoUGH, MD.,
September 15, 1802.
Lient. Gen. WENFIELD SCOTT, West Point:
We attacked a large force of the enemy yesterday, occupying a strong
mountain pass, 4 miles west of Middletown. Our troops, old and new
reo-iments, behaved most valiantly and gained a signal victory. H. E.
Lee in command. The rebels routed, and retreating in disorder this
morning. We are pursuing closely and taking many prisoners.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major. General.
WASHINGTON, P. C., September 15, 18623 p. m.
Hon. J. K. DuBois, Springfield, Ill.:
I now consider it safe to say that General McClellan has gained a
great victory over the great rebel army in Maryland, between Freder-
icktown and Hagerstown. He is now pursuing the flying foe.
A. LiNCOLN.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 15, 1862.
General BURNSIDE:
GENERAL: Reliable intelligence received by General Hooker, and by
huin communicated to these headquarters, represents a demoralized
condition of the enemy, who are retreating in disorder toward the
Shepherdstown Ferry. They confess to have been seriously defeated
yesterday.
If; as you advance, you find this information to be corroborated, the
general wishes yon to follow the enemy up by Porterstown and Sharps-
burg. Keep open your communication with Sumner, on the right, and
Franklin, on the left. Take no wagons with you except ammunition
wagons and ambulances. Use effectual precautions to make it certain
that your baggage wagons will be kept out of the road. They will be
sent forward as soon as practicable, by orders from here.
The foregoing is commnnicated by command of Major-General Mc-
Clellan.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
[S. WILLIAMS,]
Assistant Adjutant- General
Page 296
296 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. LOHAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 15, 186212.30 p. in.
Major-General PORTER:
GENERAL: General McClellan desires me to say that J3urnsides corps
has not yet marched. Should the march of Sykes division be obstructed
by Bnrnsides troops, direct General Sykes to push by them and to put
his division in front.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
B. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
Llndorsement.]
Bnrnsides corps was not moving three hours after the hour designated
for him, the day after South Mountain, and obstructed my movements.
I, therefore, asked for this order, and moved by Barnsides corps.
F. J. P.
HEADQUARTERS NEAR BROWNSVILLE,
September 15, 18623 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
GENERAL: I made a demonstration on my left this morning at the
gap, on the left of Burkittsville, with two regiments of infantry and a
section of horse artillery. The enemy has begun to retreat, although I
hardly consider that due to the demonstration. Smith is in pursuit, with
a brigade and battery, and will do good service.
Under your last orders, I do not feel justified in putting my whole
command in motion toward the front, but shall act according to the dic-
tates of my judgment, as circumstances may occur.
I have sent a squadron of Lancers to communicate with General Burn-
side. If they succeed in getting to him, the news from him may change
my intentions. I shall, however, try to carry out the spirit of your
orders as nearly as possible.
Truly, yours,
W. B. FRANKLIN,
Major- General, Commanding Sixth Corps.
[P. S.]I hear from General Smith that the enemy is drawing off
through the valley too fast for him. I shall start for Sharpsbnrg at
once.
HDQRS. SIXTH CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 15, 18623.15 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
GENERAL: I send with the guard an aide-de-camp of General J. E.
B. Stuart, who says that he was bearing a message fi-om General Jack-
son to General Lee, at Keedysville; that the white hag was raised at
Harper~s Ferry this morning at 9.30, and that he was to take possession
immediately. He was captured by General Howe of Couchs division,
at Rohrersville, and thinks the name of the town is Keedysville. He
says that General Stuart is between Keedysville and Harpers Ferry.
Respectfully,
W. B. FRANKLIN,
Major- General, Commanding Sixth Corps
Page 297
(ThAl~. ~XL) Co1ll~ESPONlA~NCI~, EI~C .IJNION. 297
IIDQRS. SIXTH Conrs, ARMY or THE PoToMAC,
& ptcrnber 15, 18624 p. In.
Maj. Geii. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
GENERAL: In consequence of the last orders received from you, I
shall await farther orders here. 1 have communicated with General
Burnside between Centreville [Keedysville] and Boonsborough. He has
nothing to corn inunicate. I have not moved toward Sharpsburg. There
is a pass opposite, west of Brownsville, through which part of the enemy
retreated to-day.
Truly, yours, W. B. FRANKLIN,
ilfajor.General, Commanding Sixth Corp8.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Near Keedysrille (Centreville), September 15, 18629 p. m.
Maj. Gen. WILLIAM B. FRANKLIN:
Your dispatches of 3.15 p. m. and 4 p. m. have been received. Sum-
ners, Hookers, and Banks move immediately. Mansfields and Burn-
si(les corps are here.
The regulars are also here, and the remainder of Porters corps is at
Middletown. The enemy was found in position in considerable force
this afternoon, just beyond this place. The troops have not been able
to come up sufficiently to-day to enable us to attack the enemy, but a
reconnaissance will be made at daylight, and if he is found to be in posi.
tion, he will be attacked. The general wishes you to send out to-night
a squa(lron of cavalry to l)icket the Frederick pike.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Lieut. Gol., Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt.Gen.
SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. . Jim the Field, September 15, 1862.
I. The operation of the Special Orders of yesterdays date, assigning
General Burnside to the command of the right wing, owing to the neces-
sary separation of the Third [First] Corps, is temporarily suspended.
General Hooker will report direct to these headquarters.
II. Brig. Gen. J. K. F. Mansfield is temporarily assigned to the corn-
mnand of Banks corps.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General
WASHINGTON, September 15, 1862.
Major-General BANKS:
GENERAL: The General-in-Chief directs that a camp be established
near the fortifications for the stragglers of the army, hereafter collected
in this city. They will be provisionally organized into companies and
regiments, according to the corps to which they belong, and officered by
officers who arrive in the city en route to their commands. They will be
sent to join their corps when their number renders it necessary.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
Page 298
298
OPEI~ATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., Ml)., AND PA. ~CI1Ar. ~XXl.
WAShINGTON, & ptember 15, 1862.
Major-General BANKS, Commanding, ~c.:
GENERAL: Please send a division of old and new troops as a guard
to the crossings between Great Falls and Point of Rocks. The main
body should take some central position, so as to act, as circumstances
may require, on either of the fordssay at IDawsonville or Poolesville,
the point to be selected by the commander. I recommend Brigadier-
General Stoneman for this command.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. W. HALLECK,
General .in.Chi ef.
ARLINGTON, September 15, 186212.25.
General HEINTZELMAN:
Colonel Davies, commanding cavalry brigade, proposes to send this
afternoon ten companies of cavalry and a section of artillery to Aldie
Gap, on Bull Run Mountain, four companies to proceed toward Snickers
and Ashbys Gaps, to intercept the enemys supply train for Winchester.
Aldie is about 30 miles from Uptons Hill, and the scouting party would
go about 10 or 12 miles farther. The expedition should start this after-
noon and be back by to-morrow night. Colonel Davies thinks much
information might be gained, many stragglers taken, and it would
threaten the enemys rear and flank, and might create a diversion in
favor of our forces at Harpers Ferry.
CHAUNCEY McKEEVER,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 15, 186212 m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
The General-in-Chief directs General Banks to send a division of old
and new troops to guard the crossing from Great Falls to Point of Rocks,
and recommends General Stoneman for the command. General Banks
is inclined to think it best under this order to give General Stoneman
one brigade of his own division, or two, if necessary, and a brigade of
new troops, including the Thirty-ninth Massachusetts and Tenth Ver-
mont, already up the river. He desires to have your views. Has Gen-
eral Stoneman joined ~l Please answer immediately.
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 15, 18622 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Bolivar, Three Miles beyond Middletown:
Your telegram of 9 a. m. received 1.30. I congratulate you upon your
great success. By direction of the General-in-Chief, General Stoneman
is ordered to proceed at once to the Upper Potomac with six regiments
of his division, and also to take command of two new regiments and a
battery sent up last night, for the purpose of guarding the crossing
Page 299
(JITAl. XXXI.l
OORt~ESPONDt~CI~, tTC .-~-tJNtON.
299
from Great Falls to Point of Rocks. He is to have his main force at a
central point, to be selected by him, such as Poolesville.
I will send all Caseys troops over the river this afternoon or to-mor-
row morning, and will carry out your instructions as far as practicable.
The following came through Colonel Davies, Second New York Cav-
alry, last night:
I have to report return of two scouts, Harris Light Cavalry, from Leesburg, early
this morning. There are 300 sick there; no others. The last brigade left on Friday
for Winchester; it was 2,500 strong. Another brigade left the day before for Harpers
Ferry. As far as they could learn, there is no enemy between Harpers Ferry and
Leesburg. The force at Wincliester is reported large, and General Johnston, who
came from Gordonsville, is said to be in command there. Many of the sick said they
hoped to be captured, to be paroled.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General, Commanding.
WASHINGTON, September 15, 18622.1O p. m.
Major-General HEINTZELMAN:
The General-in-Chief directs that General Stoneman proceed without
delay to the Upper Potomac, with six of his regiments of his own divis-
ion, to take command, also, of the two regiments and battery now there.
He is to guard the crossings from Great Falls to Point of Rocks, hav-
ing his main force at some central position, such as Poolesville, to be
selected b?him. General McClellan telegraphs that the affair yester-
day at base of South Mountain was a complete success at all points.
The enemy are in full retreat. All the troops, new and old, he says, be-
haved splendidly. General Reno was killed. Please acknowledge.
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-dc-Camp, and Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
Wa8hington, September 15, 18622.15 p. m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTzELMAN, Arlington:
The commanding general learns that you have ordered Briggs bri-
gade, of Casey~s command, to remain under General Whipples orders.
General Briggs has never, so far as is known at these headquarters,
been relieved from duty under General Casey, who is nnder orders to
concentrate his command on the other side. Please report the circum-
stances and the object of your order to General Whipple.
By command of Major-General Banks:
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-dc-Camp, and Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 15, 18622.30 p. m.
Major-General IIEINTZELMAN,
Commanding South of Potomac:
GENERAL: Dispatches from General McClellan represent the enemy
in full retreat before him in the direction of Shepherdstown. He ad
Page 300
300 OPERATIONS IN N. VA, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
vises the movement of all troops that can be spared to the south side
of the river, which will be done. It is possible that our forces may be
called np~n to joiu the pursuit of the enemy, and I would suggest that
you put your command, as fhr as possible, in condition to march to the
front. There should be no delay in providing transportation, rations, & c.
N. P. BANKS,
Major. General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES SOUTH OF THE POTOMAC,
Captain IRWIN, Sertember 15, 1862.
Assistant Adjutant-General:
I would prefer giving General Stoneman his division.
S. P. IIEINTZELMAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 15, 18623.50 p. in.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HELNTZELMAN, Arlington:
Your telegrams of 1.30, 2.30, and another, hour not given, were all re-
ceive(l at 3.40. General Stoneman should take two days rations in
haversacks, and three, if possible, in wagons. His whole division can-
not be spare(l from the other si(le. Let him take the largest and best
brigade. His command up the river, though highly important at this
moment, is but temporary. The exigency cannot extend beyond a few
days.
By command of Major-General Banks:
Gaptain, Aide.de-Carnp, and Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 15, 18629.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEJNTZELMAN, Arlington:
The commanding general approves your suggestion to send a division
to occupy Fairfax Court-House and Fairfax Station with a snfficient
force of effective cavalry to push reconnaissances well beyond. Sore.
backed and broken-down horses should be left to rest for the present.
Measures will be taken to have the railway put in repair immediately.
The lines of defenses should be left perfect. Please report what division
and what cavalry goes, and at what hour they will march. General
Banks thinks it best for General Stoneman to carry out his original in-
structions, and go up on this side of the river, but will give him discre.
tionary orders in regard to crossing. Please direct General Stoneinan,
if he has not gone, to report in person at these headquarters to-morrow
morning to receive his orders. Please acknowledge.
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-dc-Camp, and Aetg. Asst. Adjt. Ge
Page 301
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 301
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES SOUTH OF WASHINGTON,
September 15, 186210.30 p. m.
Captain IRWIN,
Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, Washington:
I have sent a Strong force of cavalry, with artillery, toward Leesburg,
and from there across to the Bull iRun Mountain. Mv intention was to
advance General Stonemans division to Fairfax Court-House, and one
of General Sigels divisions toward Leesburg. Now I am at a loss to
find troops. I cannot take General Grover, as it will entirely uncover
our left flank; besides, his pickets extend some 8 miles, and it will take
too long to relieve them. Sending these troops across the Potomac,
and a division to Fairfax Court-Honse, will necessarily break the line
of defense; but, as the latter would be directly in front of the position
they now occupy, this would be no disadvantage. General Sigels troops
are all toward the right. I do not see how I can advance a division
without more troops from the other side. . ~ HEINTZELMAN,
S.
Major-General.
[P. S.]General Stonemans troops will come at daylight to-morrow.
He will report in person in the morning.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 15, 186211.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
Pending a reply from the general, to whom I send your telegram, re-
ceived 11.15, please inform me whether it would not, in your opinion,
be satisfactory to send one of Sigels divisions forward, as you propose,
and supply its place in the line by a brigade of four new regiments from
Casey, having somewhat more than the same numerical strength. The
whole of Caseys command, twelve regiments, is to concentrate on the
Virginia side to-morrow. Please answer immediately.
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Gamp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 15, 186211.50 p. m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
General Banks decides to send Stonemans command up the river on
this side, as heretofore ordered, but to defer the advance toward Fair-
fax until more complete arrangements can be made. The surrender ~at
Harpers Ferry may change affairs on both sides. In the mean time put
all your troops in condition to advance at short notice, when ordered.
By command:
RICIID B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gem.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. OF THE ARMY, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE,
No. 242. f Washington, September 15, 1862.
* * * * * * *
III. Brig. Gen. W. F. Barry, 15. 5. Volunteers, inspector of artillery
Page 302
302 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CH~. XXXL
his assistant and staff, are assigned to duty in the city of Washington,
D. 0., to date from 1st instant.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major-General ilalleck:
E. D. TOWNSEND,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
GENERAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
No. 3. September 15, 1862.
1. The military governor of Alexandria will immediately organize a
camp of convalescents, stragglers, and recruits, under the following
regulations:
II. All officers absent from their regiments without a proper pass,
approved by their division commander,will, if their regiments are sta-
tioned in or near Washington, be ordered to join them, in arrest, and
the fact will be duly reported to division commanders by the provost-
marshal. (See Paragraph III, of General Orders, No.2, from these head-
quarters.)
Ill. Every officer absent from his regiment without a proper pass,
and whose regiment is not near Washington, will be ordered by the
officers of the provost guard to report in person to the provost-marshal,
who will direct him, in writing, either to proceed to join his regiment
within twenty-four hours, or within the same period to proceed to Alex-
andria, and report to the military governor of that place for duty at
the convalescent camp. Such an order is sufficient authority to pass
the guards at the bridge or ferry to Alexandria.
IV. All enlisted men arrested for being absent without a proper pass
will, if their regiments are near Washington, be proceeded with as di-
rected by General Orders, No. 2, from these headquarters. If their
regiments are not near Washington, they will be sent, in squads, once
each day, under guard, to the military governor of Alexandria, who
will place them in the convalescent camp.
V. The military governor of Alexandria will enforce the same regu
lations so far as regards that city.
VI. The military governor of the District of COlumbia will cause daily
lists of the officers so ordered to report to be furnished to the military
governor of Alexandria. The military governor of Alexandria will cause
a complete register to be kept of all officers ordered to report at, and
a separate register of all enlisted men sent to, the convalescent camp,
and will communicate daily to the military governor of the District of
Columbia the names of all officers who should have reported to him
within the past twenty-four hours but who have failed so to report, and
he will transmit weekly to each division commander a transcript of the
register for the past week, so far as relates to his division.
VII. All recruits arriving for regiments which are not near W~shing-
ton will be sent to the convalescent camp.
VILL As far as practicable, the convalescents, stragglers, and recruits
will be organized in squads, according to divisions or corps, each squad
in charge of an officer from the division or corps. A competent officer
should be assigned to the command of the camp.
IX. Shelter will be provided for the officers and men, and rations for
the men.
X. All enlisted men received at the convalescent camp who are with-
out haversacks, canteens, and blankets will be supplied with them, an
Page 303
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.tJNION. 303
such men as are fit for active service will be armed before joining their
regiments.
XI. A consolidated morning report of the convalescent camp, stated,
as far as practicable, by divisions, will be made to these headquarters
on the 10th, 20th, and last days of the month.
XII. Orders will be given from these headquarters, from time to time,
as opportunity offers, for forwarding the officers and men to their regi-
ments.
By command of Major-General Banks:
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 15, 1862.
Co1~nIANrnNG OFFICER, Greencastle, Pa.:
Do everything in your power to assist General McClellan by harass-
ing the rear of Longstreet.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 15, 1862.
COMMANDING OFFICER, Gettysburg, Pa.:
You will move your forces to the assistance of General McClellan in
the direction of Hagerstown and Williamsport, and seek to harass the
enemy by attacking his flank and rear, capturing stragglers, and de-
stroying his trains. You will report to any ranking officer you meet.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
FREDERICK, MD., September 15, 1862.
Maj. Gen. II. W. HALL~CK,
General-in- Chief:
SIR: Last night General Brooks took position in Burkittsville Gap
[Cramptons Pass], and drove the rebels from their guns. Generals
Franklin, Smith, and Brooks pushed forward this morning for Harpers
Ferry. From 6 oclock up till 9.30 this morning heavy firing towar(l
Harpers Ferry. The rebels are falling back to the river.
W. J. GAINES.
POINT OF IROCKS, MD., September 15, 1862.
Hon. F M. STANTON or Colonel STAGER:
A young man, a straggler from the Eighth Yirginia Regiment, left
Maryland Heights at 9 oclock this morning. He states Maryland
Heights were occupied by Jones brigade Saturday evening. Ilarpers
Ferry was surrendered to Jackson at 9 oclock this morning. The force
at Harpers Ferry, nuder Jackson, was 30,000. Lee was at Hagerstowii.
Hill commanded in front of McClellan yesterday. Hill was to be re-en-
forced this morning by Longstreet. Hill fell back last night, leaving a
brigade and six pieces on the mountain. On being attacked, the brigad
Page 304
304 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
fell back, losing their guns. He heard General Wright read note that
Harpers Ferry was surrendered to Jackson. We have arrested and
hold this man prisoner. His name is Samuel W. Sullivan.
CONWAY and HALL,
Operators.
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 15, 1862.
Major-General WOOL, Baltimore:
GENERAL: Your letter of the 13th has been laid before the Secretary
of War, and I am instructed to say, in reply, that the President has not
been induced by Jacobins or any others to remove you from the com-
mand. On the contrary, he wishes you to pursue a conciliatory course
toward the civil authorities of that State, and to ftirnIsh the Governor
with one of the Maryland regiments to enforce the draft, if he makes
the requisition. It is of the very greatest importance that the civil and
military authorities in Baltimore act together with cordiality. The Gov-
ernment, therefore, expects that the military commander will do his ut-
most to prevent any misunderstanding between them. Provost-Marshal
MePhail was appointed by the War Department, and, of course, you
will not be held responsible for arrests made by him. Where, however,
all are laboring for the same great end, a mere difference of judgment
on matters of arrests shonid not prevent a cordial co-operation. Per-
haps, on consultation with the Governor, he may deem it best, under
existing circumstances, not to withdraw any forces from the defense of
Baltimore and the railroads.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. W. HALLECK
General-in-/Jhief.
HEADQUARTERS SEVENTH ARMY CORPS,
Fort illonroe, Va., September 15, 1862.
Naj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
GENERAL: Before I left Baltimore I designed to represent to the Gov-
ernment the importance of making Fort Federal Hill a permanent forti-
fication, but was prevented by my sudden departure. There is now an
admirable earthwork there, and all that is necessary is to surround it
with brick walls, and construct casemates within. I do not think an
essential alteration of the plan necessary. The ground would probably
cost, on appraisement, $100,000; the work, $250,000, which, in view of
the important object to be secured, is a very moderate expenditure.
The considerations by which this measure is supported are as fol-
lows:
1st. The geographical position of Baltimore renders it indispensable
that it should be under the control of the Government military force, in
order to insure the quietude and safety of the capital. The direct con-
nection of the two cities, and the preponderance of Baltimore in popu-
lation, require that the latter should not be left to the dangers arising
from popular or political excitement.
2d. There is no city in the Union in which domestic disturbances have
been more frequent or carried to more fatal extremes from 1812 to the
present day. Although the great body of the people are eminently dis-
tinguished for their moral Virtues, Baltimore has always contained
Page 305
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 305
mass of inflammable material which ignites on the slightest provoca-
tion. A city so prone to burst into flame, and thus become dangerous
to its neighbors, should be controlled by the strong arm of the Govern-
ment whenever these paroxysms of excitement occur.
3d. Fort Federal Hill completely commands the city, and is capable,
from its proximity to the principal business quarters, of assailing any
one without injury to the others. The hill seems to have been placed
there by nature as a site for a permanent citadel, and I beg to suggest
whether a neglect to appropriate it to its obvious design would not be
an unpardonable dereliction of duty.
As I was more than ten months in command at Baltimore, and as Fort
Federal Hill and Fort Marshall were undertaken and completed on my
recommendations and under my supervision, I trust I shall be excllse(l
for these suggestions. General Cullum went over the ground with me
before the plan of defense, of which the two forts referred to were the
principal parts, was formally adopted, and is familiar with the whole
subject.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN A. DIX,
Major- General.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 15, 1862.
Hon. E. M. STANTON,
Secretary of War:
The following just received from Greencastle, dated 9 a. in., Septem-
ber 15:
United States cavalry, from Harpers Ferry, has arrived at Greencastle, under coni-
mand of Colonel Davis, Eighth New York. It consists of Twelfth Illinois, under
Colonel Voss; Eighth New York, Colonel Davis, and two companies each of Rhode
Island and Maryland cavalry. The force is 1,300 strong. They left Harpers Ferry
at 9 oclock last evening, and cut their way through. One mile out from Willianisport
they captured Longstreets ordnance train, comprising 40 wagons; also brought in
40 prisoners. Fighting has been going on for two days at Harpers Ferry. The enemy
occupy Maryland and Loudoun Heights, and were planting their cannon in front of
Bohivar Heights all day yesterday. Colonel Davis says he thinks Colonel Miles will
surrender this morning. Colonel Miles desires his condition made known to the War
Department.
A. G. (JURTIK,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 15, 1862.
Hon. E. N. STANTON:
Reports this morning from battle of yesterday in Middletown Valley
are not favorable. No decisive result, but McClellans forces said to
have been driven back 2 miles. Longstreets corps left ilagerstown at
2 p. m. to re-enforce rebel column for battle of to-day. Our army needs
all the aid possible in that quarter.
A. G. CURTIX.
[BOONSBOROUGH], September 15, 18628 a. m.
Gov. ANDREW G. CURTrN, Harrisburg:
I have the pleasure of announcing to you that we gained a complete
victory over the enemy yesterday afteruoon, aiA b~ve now entire poe-
20 B I~YOL XI~ FT I
Page 306
306 OPERATIONS iN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
session of the South Mountain range. I congratulate you on the gal-
lant behavior of the Pennsylvania Reserves, who, as well as all the
trool)s, both old and new, acted with the greatest steadiness and gal-
lantry. The army is moving in pursuit of the enemy.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
P. S., 8.30 A. i~r.J have just learned that the enemy are making for
Shepherdstown in a perfect panic. Please have any damage done to
the Hagerstown [road] repaired at once, as I shall want to use it for my
supplies.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 15, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN,
Headquarters near Bolivar:
Your glorious message just received. Look out for Jacksons column
from Harpers Ferry, where it has been fighting Miles for two days;
also for Longstreets column, which moved from Boonsborough last
night to re-enforce Lee. It is thought that both will combine with Lee
to give you another heavy battle. General Reynolds has goiie to Chain-
bersburg, and will have the 10,000 militia there to-night; also 2,000
good cavah~y. Part of them are from Harpers Ferry, under Colonel
Davis. They cut their way through last night, and report that Colonel
Miles would be obliged to surrender this morning, unless Jackson leaves
to re enforce Lee as against your army.
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HARRISBURG, September 15, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
Railroad to Hagerstown is all in order, and telegraph line working
there. Town was taken possession of by our forces at 4 p. in. to-day.
A. G. CURTlY,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 15, 1862.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief, U. S. Army:
In addition to the cavalry at Greencastle, there are two regiments of
cavalry, with two pieces of artillery, at Gettysburg, Pa., under com-
mand of Colonel MeReynolds, of New York cavalry. Cannot they be
used to harass the enemy on the flank or in the rear by crossing over
to Greencastle or Hagerstown ~l You can reach them by telegraph from
Washington.
- A. G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
WHEELING, VA., September 15, 18627.30 p. m.
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
Colonel Lightburu has fallen back to the Ohio River, at Ravenswood,
with small loss. With the aid of Governor Tod, we can re-enforce Light
Page 307
CHAP. XXXI.]
307
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
burn with 9,000 troops, new levies. I want Colonel Crook, or some ex-
perienced officer, to assist in command, and we can drive the whole rebel
force out of Kanawha Valley; but I must have 1,900 guns.
F. II. PEIRPOINT.
Governor.
WHEELING, VA., September 15, 186210 p. m.
Major-General HALLECK:
If General Hartsuff is well, send him to Gallipolis. The rebels are
moving slowly down the Kanawlia, and our forces are concentrating at
Gallipolis. llartsuff is well acquainted with that country.
F. H. PEIRPOINT,
Governor.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington City, September 16, 1862.
Major-General HALLECK
General-in-Chief:
GENERAL: I beg to direct your attention to the immediate necessity
of a military force to protect the powder mills of Messrs. Du Pont, on the
Brandywine. You are aware that a large portion of the .Governuient
ammunition is made there, the works being the largest in the world. I
have been informed that in the last war with Great Britaiu a guard of
4,000 men was kept there. It seems to me that at least an equal force
is now necessary.
Yours, truly, EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 16, 1862.
Brigadier-General REYNOLDS,
Harrisburg, Pa.:
In view of the possibility of a sudden raid or a disguised body of
rebels being made or sent to destroy the powder mills near Wilming-
ton, Del., the Secretary of War suggests that a guard of Pennsylvania
militia be sent temporarily to guard these mills. They can v,ery sool
be replaced by volunteers. At present every available man must be
sent to General McClellan.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Bivouac near Sharpsburg, Mid., September 16, 18627 a. m.
(Received 12 in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
The enemy yesterday held a position just in front of Sharpsburg.
When our troops arrived in sufficient force it was too late in the day to
attack. This morning a heavy fog has thus far prevented us doing more
than to ascertain that some of the enemy are still there. Do iot know
in what force. Will attack as soon as situation of enemy is developed.
I learn Miles surrendered 8 a. m. yesterday unconditionally. I fear hi
Page 308
308 OPERATIONS iN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXL
resistance was not as stubborn as it might have been. Had he held the
Maryland Heights he would inevitably have been saved. The time lost
on account of the fog is being occupied in getting up supplies, for the
waimt of which many of our men are suffering.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
0
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 16, 1S6~.
Major-Geucral BURNSIDE,
Commanding Ninth Corps, & c.:
GENERAL: The general commanding has learned that, although your
corps was ordered to be in a designated position at 12 m. to-day, at or
near sunset only one division and four batteries had reached the ground
intended for your troops.
The general has also been advised that there was a delay of some
four hours in the movement of your command yesterday. I am in-
structed to call upon you for explanations of these failures on your part
to comply with the orders given you, and to add, in view of the impor-
tant military operations now at hand, the commanding general cannot
lightly regaj~d such marked departure from the tenor of his instrnctions.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Lieutenant-Colonel, Aide-de-Camip, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
ADVANCE, THREE QUARTERS OF A MILE
TOWARD SHARPSBURG FROM BOoNSEOROuGH,
[September 16 [?], 1862]1i a. m.
Captain DUANE or General MARCY,
Chief of Staff:
People of the country report the enemy in position just beyond Cen.
treville [Keedysville], on a high ridge, above a small stream, where the
valley is clear of wood. For a mile or two in advance of here the road
is wooded on the right of the road and clear on the left, as they report.
Pleasonton, with Tidhalls battery, followed Fitzhugh Lee toward Ha.
gerstown, and General Richardson, without cavalry, in advance, moves
about 2 miles, or 1~, an hour. A man in Boonsborough said he counted
their guns, and there were fifty; also there was a large baggage train.
C. B. COMSTOCK,
Lieutenant, Engineers.
P. S.If you will send me two or three orderlies, I will report every
hour.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. OF THE ARMY, ADJT. GEN.s OFFICE,
No. 244. ~ Washington, September 16, 1862.
* * * * * *
IV. Brig. Gen. W. F. Barry, in addition to his other duties, will report
to Major-General Banks, as chief of artillery of the defenses of Wash-
ington.
By command of Major-General Halleck:
E. D. TOWNSEND,
Assistant Adjutant-General
Page 309
CnAi-. ~ZXXI.] c~O1~kESPONDENCt, I~Ttx tINION. B09
WASHINGTON, September 16, 1862.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
In addition to the two new regiments and one battery sent up the
river a day or two ago, I, this morning, dispatched to the same point,
by direction of the General-in-Chief, Birneys brigade, of Stonemans
division, making in all about 4,000 infantry, with six guns and a squad-
ron of cavalry; the whole under the command of General Stoneman.
His orders are to guard the crossings from the Point of Rocks to Great
Falls, and to be prepared to cross when required to co-operate in a
movement on the other side. The cavalry, which has been pushed up
toward Leesburg, is to communicate with him General Stoneman ex-
pected to reach Poolesville to-night. I had intended to push a division
out to Fairfax Court-House and Fairfax Station this morning, but find-
ing that this movement, connected with the movements up the river on
this side, directed by the General-in-Chief, would break the lines of
defense, and considering that the surrender which we feared had taken
place at Harpers Ferry might change the complexion of affairs on both
sides, I thought it better to defer any advance of our lines from here
until the arrangement should be more complete, and until we might be
fully informed of the situation. In this view General Ilalleck concurred.
All the troops on the other side, except the garrisons, are ordered to be
ready at a moments notice. Caseys provisional brigades, consisting
of eight new regiments and two batteries, were concentrated beyond
Fort Albany this morning. The dispatches received from you yester-
day gave great satisfaction to the President and the Department. I
shall be glad to know your views in regard to the movement suggested
above.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
Washington, September 10, 186211.45 a. m.
Brig. Gen. J. P. SLOUGH, Alexandria:
General Banks directs that you take immediate measnres to correct
the evil represented in the following communication from the General-
in-Chief:
Several times the commissary store-room at Alexandria has been taken possession
of by stragglers. General Slough was directed to detail a company for its protection.
It appears I have been relieved, and the stragglers have again assumed control. The
General-in-Chief desires the evil remedied.
Please acknowledge. RICIID B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 10, 18024 p. m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
Caseys troops, being on the other side of the river, are certainly under
your orders, but it was directed that the organization of General Casey~s
command should not be disturbed, as would be done by the assignment
of one of its brigades to another division. The exigency of the occasio
Page 310
MO o~IA~ATIONs IN N. VA., XV. VA., Mt~., AND PA. tCILkP. ~XXL
must, of course, control the disposition of your troops, but, ordinarily,
organization should be maintained. It was presumed that there was
some misapprehension about Briggs brigade, and previous dispatch*
was simply designed to elicit explanation.
By command of Major-General Banks:
IIICIID B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de- Camp, and Act.q. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON.
September 16, 18629 p. m.
Major-General HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
The order to have your whole command in readiness to move was not
intended to embrace the garrisons of the works. The commanding
general consi(lers their presence in the works more important than any
service their numbers would enable theni to render hastily concentrated
and thrown into the field.
By command of Major-General Banks:
RICIID B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
WASHINGTON, D. (IX,
September 16, 1862noon.
Governor CURTIN, Harrisburg:
What do you hear from General McClellans army ~? We have noth.
ing from him to-day.
A. LINCOLN.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 16, 1862. (Received 1.30 p. in.)
His Excellency the PRESIDENT:
We have no definite news. Our telegraph operator at Hagerstown
reports that a battle is progressing near the Potomac, between Sharps-
burg and Williamsport. What success did McClellan meet with yester-
day? We have not heard, and should know, in order to use our forces
that are now being pushed into Maryland.
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
WASHINGTON, ID. C.,
September 16, 1862-.~-2.35 p. m.
Governor CURTIN:
Since telegraphing yon, dispatch came from General McClellan, dated
7 oclock this morning. Nothing of importance happened with him yes.
terday. This morning he was up with the enemy at Sharpsburg, and
was waiting for heavy fog to rise.
A. LINCOLN.
* See Banks to Heintzelman, September 15, 2.15 p. in., p. 299
Page 311
CHAP. XX~I.l
CORllESPONDtNCI~, ETC.tYNION.
311
HARRISBURG, PA., September 16, 18625.30 p. m.
President LINCOLN:
The following just received from Hagerstown:
Jackson has recrosscd the Potomac, and General McClellan has engaged him with
a large force a few miles this side of Sharpsbnrg, 10 miles from here. The whole rebel
army in Maryland will probably be annihilated or captured to-night. McClellan is on
the battle-field.
A. G-. CURTIK,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 16, 186211 p. m.
The PRESIDENT:
Captain Palmer telegraphs me from ilagerstown as follows:
I rode to General McClellans headquarters at Keedysville at 12 oclock last night,
and have just returned, leaving there at noon. The general believes that Harpers
Ferry surrendered yesterday morning, and that Jackson re-enforced Lee at Sharps-
burg last night. The enemy have a strong position on the west bank of the Antietam
Creek, opposite Sharpsburg. McClellans army lies on east bank, within shooting
(listance, but nuder excellent cover. The battle will begin this afternoon. Hooker
was moving to open the ball at about noon. Rebels appear encouraged at arrival of
their re-enforcements. General McClellan at first thought he would send a large
force of Pleasontons cavalry, with artillery, to this pointwhich is Jones Cross-
Roads, on Sharpsburg pikebut finally concluded not to send them so far off; but he
ordered down the Harpers Ferry cavaky, 1,300 in number, to support my 300, and
desires all the force that can be sent from Cumberland Valley to come here immedi-
ately. Please push this matter.
We have no infantry or artillery sufficiently well organized to march
into Maryland to support McClellan, but a force of ten or fifteen good
regiments, with some artillery, thrown on the flank and rear of the
enemy by to-morrow night might be of immense service. If General
Wool can forward that number from Baltimore to-night and to.morrow
morning, they can be put in position by General Reynolds to-morrow
night. We are busy organizing our militia at Chambersbnrg, and in a
few days will have a respectable reserve for checking invasions. What
can be done? Please advise.
A. G. CUIRTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
FREDERICK, Mn., September 16, 1862.
Colonel STAGER:
Jackson in person was in command at Harpers Ferry. General A.
P. Hill remained to conclude terms of surrender. Jackson left there in
the morning, going np the valley. Troops were crossing the Potomac
all last night, and going toward Winchester without stopping. Sup-
posed that about 40,000 of all arms crossed during the night. Passed
their pickets at Knoxville. LOUNSBERRY,
Operator.
WASHINGTON, ID. C., September 16, 1862.
Governor PEIRPOINT, Wheeling, Va.:
General Crook and General llartsnff are both fighting in the field at
the present time, and cannot now be reached. Can you name some other
general for the Kanawha. who is familiar with the country?
H. W. HALL h~CK,
General-in- Chief
Page 312
312 OPnRA~VION~ IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. rCHAI-. XXXI.
WHEELING, VA., iSepternber 16, 1862.
General HALLECK:
General Crawford has knowledge of Kanawlia Valley. Dont know
what experience in fighting. I want a man furnished, and will leave it
to yonr selection, but ask that he be sent immediately.
F. H. PEIRPOJINT,
Governor.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 17, 18621.20 p. m. (Received 5 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. IJALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
Please take military possession of the Chambersburg and ilagerstown
Railroad, that our ammunition and supplies may be hurried up without
delay. We are in the midst of the most terrible battle of the warper-
haps of history. Thus far it looks well, but I have great odds against
me. Hurry up all the troops possible. Our loss has been terrific, but
we have gained much ground. 1 have thrown the mass of the army on
the left flank. Buruside is now attacking the right, and I hold my
small reserve, consisting of Porters (Fifth) corps, ready to attack the
center as soon as the flank movements are developed. I hope that God
will give ns a glorious victory.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN
Major-General, Commazding.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ IIDQRS. 8TH ARMY CORPS, MIDDLE DEPT.,
No. 97. Baltimore, Md., September 17, 1862.
* * * * * * *
IX. Brig. Gen. John R. Kenly, U. S. Volunteers, will, without un-
necessary delay, march to ilagerstown, Md., with the whole available
force of his brigade, taking with him a full supply of ammunition and
provisions for ten days.
Col. James Edger, aide-de-camp and quartermaster, U. S. Army, will
furnish the necessary transportation, upon being notified by Brigadier-
General Kenly what will be required.
Upon arriving at ilagerstown, Brigadier-General Kenly will report to
Major-General McClellan for orders.
By command of Major-General Wool:
WM. D. WHIPPLE,
Assistant Adjutant.General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Yta Illiagerstown, Md., September 17, 1862. (Received 10 p. in.)
Brigadier.General RIPLEY,
Chief of Ordnance:
If you can possibly do it, force some 20-pounder 1arrott ammuni-
tion through to-night, via Hagerstown and Chambersburg, to us, near
Sharpsburg, Md.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major. General, Commanding
Page 313
OIIAP. ~XIi COIII~ESI5ONDENCE, ]3~TC.UNION. ~3 I ~3
HAGERSTOWN, MD.,
September 17, 18629.30 p. m. (Received 10 p. in.)
Brigadier-General RIPLEY:
General McClellan desires that duplicate ammunition be sent, one
part to Hagerstown and the other to Frederick20-pounder Parrott,
10-pounder Parrott, 12-pounder Napoleon, 12-pounder and 32-pounder
howitzer ammunition, and small-arm ammunition, except .54, .58, .69,
and .57; Sharps ammunition and pistol ammunition.
N. B. SWEJTZER,
Lieutenant- Colonel and Aide-de-Camp.
WAiL DEPARTIVIENT,
Washington City, D. C., September 17, 1862.
General MCCLELLAN,
Near Hagerstown, Md.:
Telegram received. A special train will soon leave with the 20-pounder
ammunition asked for. It will go in charge of an ordnance officer and
will be in Hagerstown to-morrow morning. Other ammunition will fol-
low to Frederick and Hagerstown as soon as possible.
JAS. W. RIPLEY,
Brigadier- General, Chief of Ordnance.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, D. C., September 17, 1862.
JOHN XV. GARRETT, Esq.,
President, & c., Baltimore:
We are making up a train, to consist of a locomotive and one baggage
car loaded with ammunition, which General McClellan wants in the
morning at Ilagerstown, if possible. This train must have the right of
way oiLthe entire route, and must be run as fast as any express pas-
senger train could be run. It will be ready to start in two or three
hours from this time. Can you make the necessary arrangements to
push it through, via Harrisburg?
P. II. WATSON,
Assistant Secretary of War.
BALTIMORE, Mn., September 17, 1862.
Hon. P. II. WATSON:
We make arrangements to forward the number of cars stated, without
delay. Will send through Northern Central road, and we at once
advise that company to make all necessary preparations to transport to
Hagerstown as speedily as possible.
J. W. GARRETT,
President,
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, D. C., September 17, 186212 p. in.
To the officers, or any of them, of the Northern Central Railroad, Penns~l-
vania Central Railroad, and Cun,berland Valley Railroad, at Harris-
burg, Pa.:
An ammunition train will leave here about 1 oclock a. m. for Hagers-
town, via Harrisburg, to be run through at the fastest possible speed
Page 314
314 0PEtlATIO~S IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., A~D PA. C~IAi~. ~XXL
so as to reach its destination to-morrow morning early, it must have
the right of way throughout, as General McClellan needs the ammuni-
tion, to be used in the battle to be fought to-morrow. It is expected
that you will use every possible effort to expedite the passage of this train.
By order of the President of the United States:
EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, D. 0., September 17, 186212 p. m.
Hon. THOMAS A. SCOTT, Harrisburg, Pa.:
I have telegraphed to the officers of the Northern Central and of the
Cumberland~ Valley Railroads to expedite a train loaded with ammuni-
tion, of which General McClellan is in great need, and for which he tele-
graphed since 10 oclock p. ni. We start the traIn in about an hour.
If we could bave the assurance that you would attend l)ersollally to
securing the right of way for the traiti and otherwise expediting its
passage, we should have strong hope that it would reach its destination
early in the morningin time for the ammunition to be used in the
expected battle of to-morrow. At all events, we should know that noth-
ing would be left undone within the limits ot possibilities to get this
ammunition to General McClellan in season.
P. II. WATSON.
HEADQUARTERS, September 17, 1862.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAxIS, Assistant Adjutant- General:
GENERAL: lour dispatch of yesterday this moment received. Gen-
eral Bnrnside (lirects me to say that immediately upon the receipt of
the order of the general commanding, which was after 12 oclock, he
ordered his corps to be in readiness to march, and instead of having
Captain Duane post the division in (letail, and at the suggestion of Cap-
tain Duane, he sent three aides to ascertain the l)osition of each of the
three divisions, that they might I)05t them. These aides returned shortly
before 3 oclock, and they immediately proceeded to l)ost the three
columns. The general then went on an eminemmee above these positions
to get a good view of them, and whilst there, during the progress of the
movement of his corps, an aide from General McClellan came to him and
said that General McClellan was not sure that the proier position had
been indicated, aimd advisimig him not to hasten the mnovement until the
aide had communicated with the general comumanding. TIe (General
Buruside) at oimce went to General McClellans headquarters to inforni
him that he had seen large bodies of the enemy moving off to the right.
Not finding the general comumandiug, General Burmiside returned to his
comnmalL(l and the movement was resumed and continued as rapidly as
possible. General Burnside directs me to say that he is sorry to have re-
ceived so severe a rebuke from the general commanding, and particu-
larly sorry that the general commanding feels that his instructions have
not been obeyed; but nothing can occur to prevent the general from con
tinning his hearty co-operation to the best of his ability in axiy move-
nient the general comumanding may (lirect.
I have time honor to be, general, very respectfully, your obedient
servant,
LEWIS RICHMOND,
Assistant Adjutant- General
Page 315
CHAP. XXXII
COR~E~PONDEN~J1, I~tt~ .tJNIQN.
315
[SEPTEMBER 17, 1862.]
GeneUll PORTER:
Our batteries on the left have been firing with heavy guns on the
enemys left wing, which has lately advanced some. Our light batteries
on the left are covering our column, which is crossing the stone bridge.
We are advancing the Ninth Corps on Sharpsburg. Captain Benjamin
is firing, by order of General Buruside, and has silenced a battery of
the enemy.
J. D. COX,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Ninth Corps.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
& ptember 17, 18621.25 p. m.
Brigadier-General MEADE:
GENERAL: The commanding general directs that ~ou temporarily
assume command of Hookers corps, and nse every effort in your power
to reorganize it and make it serviceable. It is absolutely necessary that
the right should be held, and the troops must be got together and into
1)OsitiOu for that purpose as rapidly as possible.
Yonrs very respectfully,
A. V. COLBURN,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 17, 18623.10 [p. in.].
General MEADE:
GENERAL: The commanding general directs that you at once take
command of the army corps which was under the command of General
Hooker this morning. This order is given without regard to rank, and
all officers of the corps will obey your orders. The commanding general
also directs me to say that you will be held responsible for this com-
mand as herein assigned to you.
Very respectfully, H. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS SYKES DIvIsION,
September 17, 18627 a. in.
General PORTER:
GENERAL: My skirmishers are across the bridgethree companies.
They have had some firing this morning. The enemys guns are where
they were yesterday, and are firing at the hill where Benjamins guns
were yesterday. A large force of infantry (enemys) are to the left of
Sharpsburg, np the valley, awaiting evidently the approach of our attack
from that direction. They have set fire to firm houses, & c.
Very respectfully, GEO. SYKES,
Brigadier- General
Page 316
1 ~ oP~AtioN~ IN N. VA,, W. VA., MD., A NI) PA. ~CIIAP. ~
SEPTEMBER 17, 18625 p. m.
General SYKES:
Burnside is driving the enemy. Please send word to the command
you seut to Pleasonton, to support his batteries, and let him drive them.
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General.
SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. . In the Field, September 17, 1862.
Brig. Gen. W. S. Hancock is assigned to the command of the division
lately commanded by Major-General Richardson.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 17, 186211 a. in.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
The commanding general directs that you push a cavalry force beyond
Fairfax Court-House, toward Bull Run, and to that stream, if practi-
cable, to cover the reconnaissance on the railway which General Haupt
has been ordered to make. Please give General Haupt 100 good men
for the purpose. Acknowledge.
RJCHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Gamp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
ARLINGTON, VA.,
86211.40 a. m.
Captain IRwIN, September 17 1
Assistant Adjutant- General:
Your telegram received. Where will the 100 men find General Haupt,
to report to him ~ A scout from Centreville reports that the enemy has
a regiment of cavalry, a regiment of infantry, and a battery of artillery
encamped to the right of the town.
CHAUNCEY MCKEEVER,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
ALEXANDRIA DEPOT, VA.,
September 17, 1862.
Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS:
I have just returned from a reconnaissance to Bull Run. There was
but one break in the track, which we repaired and passed on. The
bridge over Bull Run can be made passable for trains in one hour. I
saw nothing of the cavalry.
H. HAUPT
Page 317
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 317
HEADQUARTERS FIRST DIVISION, THIRD CORPS,
Seminary, September 17, 1862.
Lieutenant-Colonel MCKEEYER,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Headquarters Defenses, & c.:
SIR: I have the honor to report the return of the party sent with flag
of truce to recover the bodies of officers killed at Bristoe Station and
Bull Run. The last party proceeded, without molestation or meeting
with any of the Confederate forces, to the Bull Run battle-field, and
succeeded in obtaining the bodies, or most of them. As they were about
to return, a company of the Sixth Virginia Cavalry came to them, and,
without interrupting them, spoke of the impropriety of an armed force
escorting the flag, and that they would not have permitted it. The
company was permitted to return.
The battle-field and vicinity had many stragglers upon it, and the
dead of both sides were not buried. The stragglers, sick, wounded,
were all going to Winchester, Va.
The flag of truce to Bristoe Station met a party of Confederates on
the railroad, 34 miles this side of the station, beyond Manassas Station.
The cavalry was the Thirteenth Virginia. Maj. W. H. Stewart was in
command at Bristoe Station, and said it would take some three days to
communicate with their general, and declined to receive the flag or to
permit the officer to approach nearer Bristoe Station. After the flag
was dismissed, being detained three hours, the road from Bristoe Sta-
tion to Fairfax was found picketed. Several spiked field pieces were
seen this side of Bull Run, and matters very much in same state as after
the battle. The force at Bristoe Station is thought to be small, per-
haps a squadron of cavalry.
The main line of pickets seem to be from Warrenton, through White
Plains, to Lees burg, and the l)arties near Centreville and Fairfax Court-
House were scouting parties. I have received information of a rebel
recruiting or cavalry guerrilla company between Fairfax and Centreville,
and have ordered the cavalrys reconnaissance to capture the recruits and
officer.
I think that valuable information will be obtained by this party, and
would suggest the propriety of surprising the party at Bristoe Station
by a raid of the cavalry sent out. I could order them to do so by an
orderly.
I am, sir, your obedient servant,
D. B. BIRNEY,
Brigadier-General.
[Indorsement.]
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES SOUTH OF THE POTO1~IAC,
Arlington, September 18, 1862.
Respectfully forwarded [to General Banks].
Since I received the above I received your telegram of 10.10 a. m. I
do not think that anything can be done by a flag of truce, as the enemy
will not receive it. The only way to accomplish the object will be to
occupy Fairfax Court.House in force and push forward a strong armed
party.
S. P. IIEINTZELMAN,
Major- General, Gommanding
Page 318
318 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
SEMINARY, September 17, 1862.
Captain IRWIN, Aide-de Gamp:
Scouts just in report no signs of enemys pickets at Fairfax or Cen-
treville; that they have their line from Warrenton, through White Plains,
to Leesburg, and all their sick are going toward Winchester, which
seems to be the rendezvous. The flag of truce met a scouting party
on Bull Run battle-field. There is also a small force beyond Manas-
sas Gap and near Bristoe Station; but all their forces on this flank
seem to be moving toward Winchester and Leesburg.
B. B. BIRNEY,
Brigadier- General, Commanding.
(Copy to Secretary of War and General McClellan.)
UPTONS HILL, VA.,
September 17, 18629.40 a. m.
Lieutenant-Colonel MOKEEVER,
Chief of Staff, Arlington:
I have a report from Lieutenant-Colonel Kilpatrick that 30,000 men
left Winchester for Harpers Ferry yesterday noon. He does not send
his source of information. He also gives his opinion that a portion is
coming through Snickers Gap. This is not so, I think. Certainly not
on their way to Harpers Ferry. He sends me a scout of the enemy,
who left Shepherdstown yesterday morning, and a citizen. From them
I learn that a column from direction of Leesbnrg, apparently, crossed
the Shenandoah yesterday on their way to Harpers Ferry. It had
thirty pieces of artillery and fifty wagons, and I think at least two bri-
gades of infantry. Met no other force between Harpers Ferry and
Leesburg. One of the men says he saw the enemys officers reconnoiter-
ing for intrenchments between Boonsborough and Shepherdstown. The
scout says their main body had fallen back to Sharpsburg. There is a
small force watching Edwards Ferry.
J. M. DAVIES,
Colonel, Commanding Cavalry Brigade.
(Te]egraphed by Banks to McClellan, 12.20 p. in.)
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY BRIGADE,
Uptons Hill, September 17, 1862.
Lieutenant-Colonel MCKEEVER,
Chief of Staff, Army of Virginia:
I send, under guard, two men, captured last evening at Dranesville
by Lieutenant-Colonel Kilpatrick. One is a rebel scout, though not, I
understand, a soldier. He is not communicative. The other will tell
his own story to the effect that he had thought of joining the Virginia
cavalry in Maryland; went over the river with them, and left at Shep-
herdstown. He will tell all he knows, and I got most of the informa-
tion I telegraphed from him. I send a copy of Lieutenant-Colonel Kil-
patricks report. He evidently mistakes the column from Leesbnrg for
another one from Winchester. The road from Winchester to Harper
Page 319
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 319
Ferry does not lead near to the Shenandoah except at its mouth, at
Harpers Ferry.
According to the secession story, there were 14,000 men at Harpers
Ferry when it surrendered.
Yours, respectfully, ~. M. DAVIES,
Colonel, Commanding Brigade.
(Inclosure.]
DRANESYILLE,
September 16, 186210 p. m.
COLONEL: I send you a rebel scout or spy, who has just come from
the fight at B oonsborough; crossed the river 2 miles above Harpers
Ferry. Colonel Miles has surrendered, after so me fighting. He may not
have done so, but I am about certain this scout was at the fight on Sun-
day. Is impudent as the devil, and knows everything; was taken by
my pickets. Nine regiments of infantry, thirty pieces of artillery, and
some cavalry l)assed the Shenandoah, on the Leesburg pike, to Harpers
Ferry; were then going to Harpers Ferry; they came from Winchester.
Small guards of rebels at Edwards and Conrads Ferries. I shall not go
far to the left of Leesburg, not for fear of troops, but there is a column
going to Harpers Ferry, and I can observe them better on the pike
leading to Leesburg. I think a column is coming through Snickers
Gap, marching along this side the mountains; another on the other side.
Over 30,000 men were at Winchester till noon yesterday. All are now
marching to Harpers Ferry. I shall observe them.
KILPATHICK.
P. S.I also send you a man from Maryland, a good man, who came
near being a rebel.
ADJUTANT-GENERALS OFFICE,
September 17, 186211.40 a. m.
Major-General WOOL:
~it is reported that a large nuniber of men, late of the garrison at Har.
pers Ferry, are straggling in the vicinity of the Monocacy. The Secre.
tary of War directs you to take steps immediately to have them col-
lected; those not paroled organized and sent to their army corps; those
paroled marched on foot to Annapolis. Send supplies to meet them.
Acknowledge receipt of this.
L. THOMAS,
Adjutant- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 17, 1862.
Major-General WooL, Baltimore, llIid.:
Send to ilagerstown, to report to General McClellan, all the troops
you can spare. Also, see that all ammunition and other supplies are
forwarded as expeditiously as possible. If necessary, take military pos-
session of the railroads for that purpose.
fl~ W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
Page 320
320 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXL
BALTiMORE, MD.,
September 17, 18627.45 p. in.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
I sent to the Patuxent and Laurel Bridge, on the Washington road,
subject to the orders of General Banks, agreeably to your orders, two
regiments two days since. I know of no others, unless you take them
from the railroads. Had you not better call on Governor Curtin to for-
ward some of the troops at Harrisburg? I have no troops to spare
from the city. General Banks must furnish them with ammunition and
other supplies.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
Hon. ABRAHAM LINCOLN, September 17, 18629 a. in.
President of the United States:
Heavy battle yesterday. No definite results. Our scouts report
enemy pretty well surrounded, and nearly out of ammunition and pro-
visions. Battle resumed this morning at 6 oclock. Heavy and con-
tinuous cannonading reported from Hagerstown.
A. G. CURTJN, -
Governor of Pennsylvansa.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 17, 18622 p. m.
The PRESIDENT:
Hagerstown reports as follows:
General McClellan directed Captain Palmer to have bridges at Williamsport de-
stroyed. Captain Russell, of First Maryland Cavalry, has just returned, after burn-
ing bridge and aqueduct, and left immediately for the battle-field.
A. G. OURTJN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 17, 1862.
Gov. ANDREW G. CURTIN, llarrisburg, Pa.:
Our advices from Frederick this morning are that most of the enemys
forces have crossed to the Virginia side, and are in the Shenandoah
Valley. All available troops were sent yesterday to the places indi-
cated by General McClellan. Troops will be moved only as he indi-
cates. Accounts received here are often very contradictory.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 17, 18625 p. in.
Major-General HALLECK:
Your message received. From my knowledge of matters I believe a
column from Baltimore to Hagerstown would be of immense service
Page 321
hAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 321
The railways here are perfectly and fully organized. They will do every-
thing possible for the Government, to the exclusion of eveiything else,
if needed.
A. G. CURTIN,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
& ~ptember 17, 1862. (Received 10 p. in.)
General RIPLEY, Chief of Ordnance:
Send immediately two millions more buck and ball, .69 caliber, and
one million .58 caliber. They are needed, in addition to previous orders.
Can you send us ten thousand stand muskets, with accouterments?
A. G. CURTIN.
IIEADQLTARTERS ARMY OF PENNSYLVANIA,
Hagerstown, Aid., September 17, 1862noon.
Muj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
I am informed that your communication with General McClellan is in-
terrupted. The latest reports from my vedettes describe the battle as
very severe at 11 a. m. The enemys right rested on Sharpsburg l)lke,
2 miles this side of Sharpsburg. Our left was on the northeast side of
Antietam Creek, near Porterstown. The enemy is reported to be re-
treating toward Williamsport, at which point my vedettes report the
bridge burned and aqueduct destroyed by us. The enemy may possibly
endeavor to break through here, or may strike across to Dam No.4, if it
is not held by us. None but very raw troops hereinfantry. Shall
I telegraph direct again, or through General Reynolds?
MORTON McMICHAEL, Jn.,
Lieutenant- Colonel and Aide-de- Camp, Commanding.
HAGERsTOwN, MD.,
September 17, 18625.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
Heavy and continuous firing heard in direction of Williamsport since
4 oclock; now continues. About forty shots per minute are heard, ap-
parently coming nearer. Scouts report that at 3.30 oclock the enemy
were on the run toward the Williamsport road. I think enemy have
made another stand, flanking toward Williamsport; the heavy cannon-
ading would so indicate.
MORTON McMICIIAEL, JR.,
Lieutenant-Colonel and Aide-de-Camp.
CAMDEN STATION,
Baltimore, Md., September 17, 1862. (Received 5 p. in.)
H. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
Major-General McClellan telegraphed to me his great anxiety for the
early reconstruction of the Monocacy Bridge. Anticipating his wishes,
21 U UVOL xix, PT I
Page 322
322 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
we rapidly gathered men arid material for the prosecution of the work.
Our men have been much interfered with by the military in the vicinity,
and their appeals to the officers in command there for proper protection
at their work have been fruitless. Our engineer in charge of the work
has just telegraphed me as follows:
MONOCACY, Mn., September 17, 18623.25 p. m.
I find it impossible to accomplish anything here unless you can get such orders as
will keep the soldiers away from the bridge and from our hand-cars and materials.
They have every stick of timber we had in the river out in the middle of the stream;
some of it a qnarter of a mile below the bridge. I have spoken to the colonels and
majors, but it is of no avail. I hope such orders will be sent at once, by telegraph, as
will prevent the interference, and make them bring the timber back.
W. C. QUINCY.
May I ask that you telegraph such orders as will enable us to accom -
plish, at the earliest practicable moment, this most important work?
Our officers report that several thousand soldiers are encamped in the
vicinity of bridge.
J. W. GARRETT,
President Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.
HEADQUARTERS,
Keedysville, Md., September 15, 18628 a. in.
Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief, U. S. Army:
The battle of yesterday continued for fourteen hours, and until after
dark. We held all we gained, except a portion of the extreme left; that
was obliged to abandon a part of what it had gained. Our losses very
heavy, especially in general officers. The battle will probably be re-
newed to-day. Send all the troops you can by the most expeditious
route.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington City, D. C., September 18, 186210 a. in.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,.
Comdg., Ildqrs. Army of the Potomac, near Sharpsburg, Md.:
Your telegram to General Ripley, saying, If you can possibly do it,
force some 20-pounder Parrott ammunition through to-night, via Hagers-
town and Charnbersburg, to us, near Sharpsburg, ~ was received be-
tween 10 and 11 oclock last night, and 2,500 rounds of this ammunition
was ordered, with the least practicable delay, from the Arsenal, and ar-
rangements made to run it through on all the roads at express passenger
speed. It is now at or near Harrisburg, Pa., and will reach Hagerstown
by noon to-day.
P. II. WATSON,
Assistant Secretary of War
Page 323
CHAP. XXXI.J CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 323
DEPOT QUARTERMASTERS OFFICE,
CORNER EIGHTEENTH AND 0- STREETS,
Washington, D. C., Septernbcr IS, 186210.30 p. in.
Lient. Col. B. INGALLS,
Chief Quartermaster, Iidqrs. A. of P., near Sharpsburg, Aid.:
Six hundred thousand rations were sent some days since from Balti~
more to Frederick. Captain Bell, commissary of subsistence, is now
moving a train of 500,000 rations through Baltimore, on his way to es-
tablish a depot at ilagerstown. I telegraphed Colonel Crosman to send
grain daily to ilagerstown, till he gets forward 50,000 bushels, unless
countermanded by you, in consequence of movements. Colonel Belger
has been forwarding grain from Baltimore, oii orders from your army.
Ammunition has been forwarded, and is still l)Ciflg forwarded, both to
Frederick and Hagerstown.
M. C. MEIGS,
Quartermaster- General.
QUARTERMASTER-GENERALS OFFICE,
Washington, September 18, 186210.30 p. in.
Superintendents NORTHERN CENTRAL IIAILWNY AND CUMBERLAND
VALLEY RAILWAY, Harrisburg:
Ammunition and subsistence are being forwarded from this place, via
your roads, to Hagerstown. Dispatch is important to the success of the
army. Please see that no obstacle delays their movement.
M. C. MEIGS,
Quartermaster- General.
ORDNANCE OFFICE,
Washington, September 18, 18629.35 a. in.
Gov. ANDREW 0-. CURTIN,
llarrisburg, Pa.:
Your dispatch was received late last night, and has been referred to
the Secretary of War for instructions.
JAS. W. RIPLEY,
Brigadier- General, Chief of Ordnance.
WASHINGTON, September 18,186212.20 p. in.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Near Hagerstown, Aid.:
Four hundred and fourteen wagon-loads of field and small-arm ani-
munition have been sent to Frederick, for your army, since Saturday
last. Besides this, the duplicate supplies to be sent to Frederick aiid
ilagerstown are being pushed forward with all possible dispatch. A
special train, containing 2,500 rounds of 20-pounder ammunition, left
last night for Hagerstown, in charge of Lieutenant Bradford, Ordnance
Department.
JAS. W. RIPLEY,
Bri~jjadier- General, Chief of Ordnance
Page 324
324 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
SEPTEMBER 18, 18623.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
I communicate, for your informfttion, the following telegrams, received
this morning.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General, Commanding.
[Inclosures.]
ARLINGToN12 m.
Capt. RICHARD B. IRWIN,
Acting Assistant Adjutant- General:
Colonel Davies reports more definitely as to the enemys force found
at Leesburg. It was about 200 cavalry and 500 infantry; the latter com-
posed of the force previously reported at Edwards Ferry and recovered
sick and stragglers. They were intending to go to Harpers Ferry.
S. P. HEINTZELMAN,
Major- General.
ARLINGTON1.30 p. m.
Capt. RICHARD B. IRWIN,
Acting Assistant Adjutant- General:
Colonel Davies reports no force of enemy at Centrevilic. The enemy
have pickets at Groveton, and Sixth Virginia at Salem; also many sick
and nurses at Centreville.
L. HUNT,
Acting Assistant Adjutant- General.
UPTONS HILL, AS~eptember 18, 1862.
Lieutenant-Colonel 1~IcKEEvER:
I have a message from the expedition I sent out; will be back to-
night. They, under Lieutenant-Colonel Kilpatrick, found the passage
of Goose Creek disputed by a squadron of cavalry. This was dispos-
sessed by artillery. They found at Leesburg one regiment of infantry
and a battalion of cavalry, which they drove out of the town after a
sharp action, in which the enemys loss was considerable. One flag and
a considerable number of prisoners were taken. Our loss was but
slight. The Tenth New York behaved very gallantly. Colonel Kilpat-
rick reports there is no enemy between Harpers Ferry and Leesburg;
none at Edwards Ferry, and but a few at Winchester.
J. M. DAVIES,
Colonel, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
& ptember 18,18621.10 p. m.
Brig. Gen. GEORGE STONEMAN, Poolesville:
Two telegrams received. Send down for rations. The commanding
general thinks that, Harpers Ferry being almost beyond a doubt in the
enemys hands, and in the present uncertainty as to the result of opera-
tions of yesterday and the next day or two, concerning which some so-
licitude is felt here, it will be best not to detach any portion of the forces
~ow here, for the present.
IIICHI) B. IRWIN,
Cajj4ain, Aide-dc-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. (len
Page 325
CHAP. XXXI.1
CORRESPONDENCE, E~tC .IfNION.
325
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 18, 18621.30 p. m.
Brig. Gen. GEORGE STONEMAN, Poolesville:
The following telegram, just received from General lleintzelman, is
sent for your information:
Colonel Davies reports more definitely as to the eueniys force found at Leesbnrg.
It was about 200 cavalry and 500 infantry; the latter composed of the force previ-
ously reported at Edwards Ferry and recovered sick and stragglers.
RICHD B. iRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de- Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
Washington, September 18, 186210 p. m.
Major-General HEINTZELMAN,
Commanding Defenses, Arlington, Va.:
Referring to your indorsement on General Birneys report of the 17th,
the commanding general thinks it will be best for you to attempt the
burial of the dead under a flag of truce. If the enemy will not receive
the flag, we can afterward try and accomplish the object by a strong
armed party. RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adyt. Gen.
POINT OF ROCKS, MD.,
September 18, 1862.
Captain ECKERT:
Went to Sandy Hook. Line all right to Harpers Ferry Bridge, ex-
cept between two poles. Thirty rebel pickets this side of the bridge,
but were about leaving wheu I left, at 5 oclock. There are less than
200 rebels in Harpers Ferry. No artillery. A large fire broke out a~
I was leaving, probably the pontoon bridge and Government property.
The tents left by our troops remain standing. A rebel lieutenant told
two women, who left Harpers Ferry at noon, that they were surrounded,
and should leave as soon as possible. A negro from Shepherdstown
states that the rebels attempted to cross the river last night, but, water
being too deep, many were drowned. Our men that were killed on
Maryland Heights during Saturdays fight are still unburied. The rebel
killed and wounded were about 355 in that days fight. Citizens of
Sandy Hook are burying our dead. We will go in advance as soon as
relieved, and thence to Harpers Ferry. The bridge at Harpers Ferry
was burned, but the piers are good. They tried five times to blow them
up, but did not succeed.
WM. C. HALL,
Operator.
ALEXANDRIA, VA., September 18, 1862.
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
The Nineteenth Regiment of Connecticut Volunteers has just reported,
under orders from General Casey, to relieve the Thirty-third Massach
Page 326
32~3 OPERATIONS IN N. TA., W. VA., MP., AND PA. (CHAr. kkXt.
setts, just installed for duty here. The colonel of the Nineteenth in-
forms me that he has but 850 menraw al)d undisciplined troops. As
it requires over 800 men for daily duty, the Nineteenth will be insuffi-
cient. I am compelled, therefore, to ask, in addition to the Nineteenth,
another regiment, or that the Thirty-third be allowed to remain. The
withdrawal of troops before caused disorder, and, unless I have at least
1,200 men, Alexandria will be overrun again. I would appeal to Gen-
eral Banks, but I am there unheard, and must, therefore, to you.
JNO. P. SLOUGH,
Brigadier- General.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ IIDQRS. OF THE ARMY, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE,
No. 248. Washington, & ~ptember 18, 1862.
I. Brig. Gen. Herman Haupt, U. S. Volunteers, is authorized and
directed to do whatever he may deem expedient to facilitate the trans-
portation of troops and supplies to aid the armies now in the field in
Virginia and Maryland.
* * * * * * *
IV. Brig. Gen. Nelson Taylor, U. S. Volunteers, will report in person,
without delay, to Major-General McClellan, commanding Army of the
Potomac.
By command of Major-General ilalleck:
E. B. TOWNSEND,
Assistant Adjutant. General.
ORIXNANCE OFFICE,
Gov. ANDREW G. CURTIN, Washington, September 18, 1862.
flarrisburg, Pa.:
By direction of the Secretary of War, two millions of buck and ball
cartridges and one million of cartridges of .58 caliber have been ordered
to be sent to you from New York, with dispatch.
I am instructed to inquire if all the arms in the State arsenal have
been issued to troops in the field and to
more can be issued. , say that until this is done no
JAS. W. RIPLEY,
Brigadier- General, Chief of Ordnance.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 18, 1862.
Brig. Gen. JOHN F. REYNOLDS,
Harrisburg, Pa.:
Give General McClellan all aid in your power. No troops have arrived
here for the last two days, and it is supposed that some mnst have been
detained in Pennsylvania. General Wool Ii as none to spare from Bal-
timore.
II. XV. HALLECK
General-in- Chief
Page 327
CHAP. ikxi.j CORI1fl~SI1ONPENCE, EtC UNION. ~327
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 18, 1862.
Major-General WOOL, Baltimore, Md.:
If possible, send some troops by rail to Hagerstown to join General
McClellan. In the present condition of affairs, it is believed that some
regiments may be spared from railroad guards. This must be left to
your judgment. Any new regiments arriving at Baltimore can be sent
immediately to Hagerstown. Take possession of the railroad, if neces-
sary.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in~ Chief.
BALTIMORE, MD.,
September 18, 186211.35 a. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
I sent this morning about 1,700 Maryland troops, under command of
General Kenly, via Harrisburg, to Hagerstown, to report to Major-Gen-
eral McClellan. I have ordered the Sixth Maryland, 600 strong, and
four pieces of artillery, with horses, to proceed as above this evening.
These are all that 1 can spare from here. I ordered one regiment from
the Northern Central Railroad.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
P. SYour dispatch of 10.30 a. m. is received I mentioned in my
dispatch last evening that two regiments were at the Patuxent, subject
to General Banks orders. Cannot they be spared? I will be com-
pelled to send some troops with the prisoners marching on foot to An-
napolis. This is required on account of the depredations they commit
wherever they go.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 18, 1862.
Major-General WOOL, Baltimore, Md.:
The two regiments at the Patuxent are subject to your orders. Gen-
eral Banks thinks that one can be spared.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chiqf.
- HARRISBURG, PA., September 18, 1862.
E. M. STANTON,
Secretary of War:
The ammunition train for General McClellan was delivered to the
Northern Central Railroad, at Baltimore, at 6.57 this a. in., and was de-
livered to the Cumberland Valley Railroad at 10.20 a. in.; 84 miles
two hours and fifty-three minutes. It will be put through at same
speed to Hagerstown.
- J. N. DuBARRY,
Superintendent
Page 328
328 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
BALTIMORE, MD., September 18, 1802.
Major-General. HALLECK:
In consequence of the very large amount of transportation for liar-
risburg over the Cumberland Valley Railroad, exceeding, I fear, the
capacity of the road, I have arranged, with the approval of General Wool,
Colonel Belger, and President Garrett, that all troops and supplies from
Baltimore and points south thereof shall be sent over the Baltimore and
Ohio Railroad. I have also ordered our bridge force from Alexandria
to proceed to-night to re-enforce the party engaged in the reconstruc-
tion of the Monocacy Bridge.
H. HAUPT.
WHEELING, VA., September 18, 1862.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
It seems all of Ohio belongs to General Wrights division, and there
is a want of authority to order the Ohio troops in the vicinity of Point
Pleasant to the assistance of Colonel Lightburn, on the Virginia si(le.
I would ask that you make an order at once, directing all the troops
Governor Tod has sent for the defense of tl~at section to report for orders
to Colonel Lightburn, and if the events of yesterday will enable you to
spare Crook, Hartsuff, or Crawford, send one immediately.
F. II. PEIRPOINT,
Gorernor of Virginia.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 18, 18621.40 a. m.
P. H. WATSON, Assistant Secretary of War:
I will see the officers in person. No delay shall occur that it is pos-
sil)le to avoid. Can you give me an idea of the number of cars in train,
so that suitable power can be ready to move it I Answer immediately.
THOMAS A. SCOTT.
WASHINGTON, Se tember iS, 1862.
Hon. THOMAS A. SCOTT:
The train contains four cars.
P. H. WATSON.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 18, 18622 a. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War:
No effort shall be spared to expedite movements of traiii. I have
already advised officers of all the roads to push it through with prefer-
ence over all other trains.
THOMAS A. SCOTT.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 18, 18628 a. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
The extra ammunition train had not reached Baltimore at 7 oclock.
Is it coming? We have about six car-loads of 6-pounder artillery an
Page 329
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC .~lJNION. 329
some musket ammunition, which I am now loading up, and will forward
it up the valley if the other cannot reach here. We had arrangements
pertected through to move the train 40 miles per hour. Please answer.
THOMAS A. SCOTT.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 18, 186210 a. m.
E. M. STANTON:
Hagerstown reports no firing up to 9 oclock. A rumor is prevalent
that McClellan granted armistice to bury dead. Your ammunition train
left Baltimore 7.30, and will be put through quick. Governor and staff
have gone to Hagerstown to expedite movement of Pennsylvania forces
to battle.field. Surgeon Smith also gone, with 40 surgeons.
THOMAS A. SCOTT.
HARRISBURG, PA.,
September 18, 18622.30 p. m.
Hon. E. M. STANTON,
Secretary of War:
Ammunition has been delivered at Hagerstown. Stock in this arsenal
has gone up also by train this p. m. The Governor ordered more am-
munition and some arms last night. They are needed. Will they be
sent I Chief of Ordnance telegraphs Governor that he refers it to you.
Please answer.
THOMAS A. SCOTT,
Aide-dc- Camp.
PIIILADELPIITA, PA.,
September 18, 186210 a. m.
Hon. JOHN TUCKER,
Assistant Secretary of War:
Our shop hands at Reading have volunteered in a body. Governor
Curtin has accepted them, and ordered them to Harrisburg. If you
cannot stop them our road will stop, and your coal ~vill stop also. It
requires instant attention, as they mean to leave to. day.
CHAS. E. SMITH.
HAGERSTOWN, MD.,
September 18, 18621 p. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
A large portion of the Pennsylvania militia, now here, have declined
to move forward, as reqnested by Major-General McClellan. General
iRey nolds left for McClellans headquarters last night, at McClellans
request, and left me here, with instructions to send all of the troops
forward. About 2,500 have gone, but the Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth,
Thirteenth, and Fifteenth Regiments, numbering about 800 each, decline
to proceed. TheeFourteenth has not yet finally decided whether to go
or not. Governor Curtin has just arrived, and may induce the troops
to advance.
I. YOGDES,
Major, ifc.
Page 330
830 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MP, AND PA. (C~i~. x~X1.
HAGERSTOWN, MD., September 18, 1862.
Col. A. STAGER:
General Reynolds started to join General McClellan He took some
Pennsylvania militia with him. Governor Curtin will be here at noon
to hurry others up. No official information from the front. It is ru-
mored that an armistice has been asked for by General Jackson. No
firing heard to-day as yet. As soon as wire arrives, I start to build a
line to Boonsborough.
W. B. WILSON.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 19, 18628.30 a. m. (Received 11 a. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
But little occnrred yesterday except skirmishing, being fully occu-
pied in replenishing ammunition, taking care of wounded, & c. Last
night the enemy abandoned his position, leaving his dead and wounded
is falling back to an interior position or crossing the river. We may
safely claim a complete victory.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 19, 186210.30 a. m. (Received 11 a. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
Pleasonton is driving the enemy across the river. Our victory was
complete. The enemy is driven back into Virginia. Maryland and
Pennsylvania are now safe.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
September 19, 1862. (Sent 12.30 P. in.)
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
Yours of 8.30 and 10.30 are just received. All available troops from
railroad guards were sent to you yesterday. Enemy~~ forces at Lees-
burg were moved yesterday. Stonemans provisional division, unless
ordered otherwise by you, is still guarding fords below Point of Rocks.
So long as the river remains low there is much danger of a movement
below your left. Letters received here give it as a part of Lees orig-
inal plan to draw you as far as possible up the Potomae, and then move
between you and Washington. Perhaps his defeat.may be such as to
prevent the attempt.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief
Page 331
dITAP. Xxxi] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.IJNION.
~331
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Keedysville [Md.], September 19, 1862.
Maj. Gen. FITz JOHN POUTER:
GENERAL: General Sumner reports that the enemys artillery is mov-
ing to the west, and that he (the enemy) is felling trees behind him, as
elsewhere. The commanding general directs you to push forward your
pickets; ascertain if the enemy appears to be retiring, and, if so, to mass
your troops in readiness to move in any direction. The corps com-
manders and General Pleasonton are directed to do the same, and the
latter to throw out small cavalry detachments on the various roads lead-
ing from our position in the direction of the enemys retreat, to ascertain
the nature and degree of the obstructions therein.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 19, 186210.45 p. m.
Major-General PORTER:
GENERAL: General Pleasonton has been directed to have his cavalry
and artillery at the river by daylight, and has been informed that you
intend to cross at that time, and would co-operate with him.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 19, 1862il p. m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
The commanding general, after consulting with the General-in-Chief,
directs that you send out a force of cavalry, as suggested by General
Birney, to capture the wagons, or, at any rate, to make the attempt.
The men (Whitlock and Richmond) who came in with the last party are
considered reliable. They will be here at 9 a. m. to-morrow, and will be
at once sent over to act as guides. Please give the necessary orders
for the movement. It will not be hecessary for you to come over in the
morning.
By command of Major-General Banks:
RICIID B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
WASHINGTON, September 19, 18629.45 a. m.
Maj. R. H. K. WHITELEY,
U. S. Arsenal, Governors Island, New York:
Issue at once to Gov. A. G. Curtin, Harrisburg, Pa., two millions of
round ball cartridges and one million of .58 caliber cartridges. Request
quartermaster to send by quick conveyance and special messenger.
Report by telegraph when shipment is made. This dispatch was pre-
pared yesterday, but was mislaid.
JAS. W. RIPLEY,
Brigadier-General, Chief of Ordnance
Page 332
332 OPERATIONS IN N. VA, W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXI.
HARRISBURG, PA., & ptember 19, 1862.
Brigadier-General RIPLEY, Chief of Ordnance:
Your message received. The arms in State arsenal are issued only
to troops in the field. Our suppiy is nearly exhausted. We have less
than 3,000 stand in arsenal, and no accouterments. Men are constantly
pouring in under the late call. My wish is to anticipate a deficiency,
and not have men lying here by thousands waiting for arms.
A. G. CURTIX,
Governor.
HAGERSTOWN, MD., & ptember 19, 1862.
Major-General HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
Your dispatch of 10 a. m. reached me here while I was on the battle.
field, to which pLace I started last night with the force of militia. I had
at this place about 4,000 men, and directed the remainder to be for-
warded to-day, expecting to bring on the field to-day about 14,000 men,
but, much to my surprise, all the regiments refused to march. They are
now all at this point, or will be about here to-night. What will be done,
or can be done, with the force here I cannot say, though I do not think
much can be expected of themnot very much. The Governor is here.
I apprised General McClellan of these circumstances to-day by letter.
The Governor will take them to the field, if it is necessary, to-morrow.
JOHN F. REYNOLDS,
Brigadier. General, Commanding.
BALTIMORE, Mn.,
September 19, 18627.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
The lieutenant-colonel commanding the One hundred and thirty-first
New York, at Patuxent, has just refused to obey my orders, saying that
he was under the orders of General Banks. The order was repeated, but
it now appears that he will not be ready to proceed until 12 oclock to-
night, if then. From the description which the quartermaster of the
regiment, who has just arrived, gives me of its condition, I find that it
would be utterly useless in the field. I have, therefore, ordered it to
Annapolis, where we want several regiments (at least three or four) to
keep the paroled prisoners in order. We shall soon have more than
20,000 at that place. I have no more regiments to send from here. All
that could be spared have been sent to General McClel]an.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
BALTIMORE, Mn.,
September 19, 186211.40 p. m.
Hon. E. ~ STANTON, Secretary of War:
We have about 10,000 prisoners surrendered at Harpers Ferry, and
ordered to Annapolis. These, with what are there, will make 20,000.
We require, to keep these men in order, four regiments. I have one mis-
erable regiment at Annapolis. I have another ordered from Patuxent
there, but it is a very poor regiment. Two other regiments ought to be
sent there immediately, in consequence of the plundering propensities
of the prisoners, of which there are many complaints. I have none to
spare, having sent all I could spare to General McClellan. I have a di
Page 333
CHAP. XXXI.J CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 333
patch that the rebels have recrossed the Potomac. Look out for Wash-
ington. You are not out of the woods. The rebels are a day and a half
in advance of McClellan.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
[P. S.]Colonel Miles had about 12,000 men for the defense of Har-
1)ers Ferry, including 1,500 cavalry, which made their escape before
the surrender.
WEVERTON, MD., September 19, 1862.
Captain ECKERT:
Pontoon bridge at Harpers Ferry destroyed last night. No enemy in
harpers Ferry, except small scouting l)arties coming in occasionally.
All the property the rebels could not move from Harpers Ferry they
have destroyed. All our pickets in this vicinity have been ordered in.
We have none above Point of Rocks. I will put line in order to Sandy
Hook, and work there to-night. We have no troops in Harpers Ferry.
Just saw two of Maryland cavalry who visited Harpers Ferry.
ED. CONWAY.
P. S.No firing heard for last hour and a half. I am 13 miles from
Sharpsburg; 6 from Burkittsville.
HAGERSTOWN, MD., September 19, 18629.30 p. m.
Major-General HALLECK:
Our information this evening, from a reliable source, is that the
enemy in front of McClellan commenced to cross the river last night, and
finished this morning. They are all on the south side. A force of the
enemy occupies Williamsport and threatens Hagerstown; numbers not
ascertained, but further information expected to-night. About 7,000
Pennsylvania militia, under General Reynolds, have gone toward Will
iamsl)ort. In case of any attack on Hagerstown, which I do not ap-
prehend, we will take care that no considerable amount of supplies
falls into the hands of the enemy. H. HAUPT.
HARRISBURG, PA., September 19, 1862.
Hon. E. M. STANTON:
If the victory in Maryland is complete, and the rebels driven across
the Potomac or captured, shall the Governor arrange immediately to dis-
band State forces called out to resist invasion ~ Governor is iu Mary-
land. Please advise.
THOMAS A. SCOTT,
Aide-de- Camp.
WASHINGTON, September 19, 1862.
General REYNOLDS, Hagerstou~n, Md.:
Please report the regiments which refused to march when ordered.*
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
* Answer, if any, not found; b~t see Yogdes to Halleek, p. 3~9
Page 334
334 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
WASHINGTON, & pternber 19, 1862.
Governor PEIRPOINT, Wheeling:
Western Yirginia is attached to the Department of the Ohio, head-
quarters at Cincinnati.* Consult with General Wright about officers
and troops to be sent to Colonel Liglitburn.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
Centreville [Keedysville, Md.], September 20, 18626.30 a. in.
General MARCY, Chief of Staff:
GENERAL: I have started two brigades of cavalry and a battery of
artillery to Jones Cross-Roads, to proceed in the direction of Williams-
port. That force will be amply sufficient for any rebels to be met in
that quarter.
The remainder of my command is about getting off for Shepherds-
town. The order of Maj. Gen. Fitz John Porter of yesterday, sending my
command to the rear, by the order of General McClellan, and which
was transmitted by Gemieral Buford, has interfered most materially with
a proper pursuit of the enemy. Many of the men of my command have
had nothing to eat for two days, and last night, in consequence of the
movement to the rear, they missed their trains, and are now starting
out without anything. I would also call to the attention of the general
commanding the fact that neither provisions nor forage can be obtained
in Virginia, that country having been eaten out by the rebels. 1 have
therefore to request that supplies be pushed on to me,if I find it advan-
tageous to proceed on after the enemy, on reaching him. 1 trust, after
the past experience of yesterday, the general commanding will not per-
mit corps commanders to interfere with the cavalry under my command,
for it breaks up all my system and plans.
I shall do everything in my power to make up for the time we have lost.
I am, general, very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON
Brigadier-General, Commanding Cavalry Division.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 20, 186210.30 a. m.
General FITZ JOHN PORTER:
GENERAL: The commanding general directs that you dispose your
guns upon the river bank so as to cover the recrossing of your command,
should it become necessary, and send back word to meet the general,
who starts for the river soon, provided you want re-enforcements.
Very respectfully,
B. B. MARCY,
Chief of Stafi.
HEADQUARTERS SYKES DIVISION,
September 20, 18629.15 a. m.
General FITZ JOHN PORTER:
GENERAL: General Lovells small brigade is three-fourths of a mile
from the river. He reports a brigade, at least, of the enemy advancing,
* By Paragraph II, General Orders, No. 135, War Department, Adjutant-Generals
OWee, of same date
Page 335
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 335
and with cannon. I have not a gun on this side. I have sent Colonel
Barnes temporarily to the top of the hill to support Lovell. I will get
Meade [Warren] over as soon as I can. I think more troops ought to be
here, and some one in authority.
GEG. SYKES,
Brigadier-General.
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 20, 1862.
General STONEMAN, Poolesville:
It is represented here that wounded officers of Stuarts cavalry are on
the Maryland side, unparoled. This matter must not be neglected.
It is also represented that the troops of your division are pillaging
and plundering the country. Stringent measures must be resorted to
to enforce order.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
POINT OF ROCKS, Mn.,
September 20, 186211.30 a. m.
Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK, General -in-Chief:
I have had but one case (of a wounded officer) reported to me, and
the i~erson reporting him did not know his whereabouts. I know of no
officer of the rebel army in Maryland, unparoled. The whole country
is covered with stragglers from General McClellans army, and they are
the depredators. I am trying to collect them together. Every means
in our power has been taken to prevent pillaging by the troops under
my command. From the time we left Washington squads of men were
passed, who said they had been sent forward to find and join their regi-
ments. Some were out of hospitals, & c. They are now all being stopped
at the mouth of the Monocacy.
GEORGE STONEMAN,
Brigadier. General.
QUARTERMASTER-GENERALS OFFICE,
Washington City, September 20, 18623 p. m.
Licut. Col. R. INGALLS,
Headquarters Army of the Potomac, near Sharpsburg:
- it is reported that the Monocacy Bridge will be l)assable to-morrow.
The railroad to Hagerstown is of small capacity, and liable to be
blocked up if attempts are made to move too much over it. Consider
this in arranging and ordering supplies.
M. C. MEIGS,
Quartermaster- General.
WASHINGTON, September 20, 186212.40 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
I communicate the following telegram, jnst received from General
Stoneman, for your information:
POINT OF ROCKS,
[September] 20, 186210 a. in.
General BANKS:
The force I sent to Harpers Ferry last night has just returned. They crossed the
river and found no enemy in the place, but about 300 of our sick and woun4ed there
Page 336
3~6 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXI.
Everything is destroyed; pontoon bridge easily repaired for infantry to cross, and
ford about 2 feet deep. Enemy crossing the river all day yesterday; our forces fol-
lowed. I think my brigade might be withdrawn with perfect safety.
GEORGE STONEMAN,
Brigadier-General.
RICIID B. IRWIN,
Gaptain, Aide.de.Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
& ptember 20, 18622.30 i. m.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS,
Asst. Adjt. Gen., Bid qrs. Army of the Potomac:
Telegram of 1.25 received. The military governor of the District of
Columbia was instructed a few days since to send forward only such
recruits as might arrive in squads, armed and equipped, and in charge
of competent officers, and to give the most stringent instructions to the
officers to prevent straggling and avoid delay. Orders have just been
issued to send none. There are about 50 officers and 3,500 men fit for
dQty in the camp of convalescents, stragglers, and recruits. They will
be organized, so that they can go forward at once when called for.
N. P. BANKS,
Miajor- General, Commanding.
Statement 8howing the number of men composing the Army of the Potomac on the 20th day of
September, 1862.
p
a a . a
SS
a -
0,Z
ni
Command. ~
a
CLo bC~a ir
Q,,.4
Ii ie p-a
Hi Hi a Hi Hi
~ ~1 ..a4
General McClellan and staff, & c 1, 393 226 949 2, 568
General Meade, First Corps 12, 237 856 18~490 31, 583
General Sumner, Second Corps 13, 604 2, 465 11, 701 27, 770
General couchs division, Fourth Corps 7,219 771 4,417 12, 407
General F. J. Porter, Fifth Corps..- 19,477 1,383 11,819 32, 679
General Franklin, Sixth Corps 11, 862 1, 504 9, 990 23, 356
General Buraside, Ninth Corps 10, 734 1, 329 12, 282 24, 345
General A. S. Williams, Twelfth Corps - 8, 383 1, 632 7, 144 17, 159
General Pleasonton, Cavalry Division 4,543 515 2,628 7,686
Colonel Allen, Frederick City 1, 110 292 861 2, 263
General Kenly, Williamsport, Md 2, 269 218 1, 174 3, 701
Major Scott, Bonusborough, Md 318 41 81 442
General Banks, Defenses of Washington, including Third and
Eleventh Corps 71, 210 13, 043 23, 586 107, 839
Grand total . 164,359 24,315 105,124 293,798
ADJuTANT-GENEEAL~S OFFICE,
Washington, D. 0., February 27, 1863.
It is hereby certified that the preceding statement is accurately corn-
piled from the morning report of the 20th day of September, 1862, signed
by Major-General McClellan and his assjstant adjutant-general, Seth
Williams, and now on file in this office.
L. THOMAS,
4d~jutaut. Gen~rai
Page 337
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
337
Abstract from fri-monthly return of the Defen8es of Wa8hington, Maj. Gen. N. I-. Banks
commanding, for September 20, 1~62, Headquarters Washington, D. C.
Present for
duty. ~
- ~, ~,O a.
Command. .~ ~ ~ Remarks.
a a
an.
bL~ ~
o ~ ~ p~ ~
Headquarters, staff, escorts, 32 427 554 755 1 3
& c.
Garrisons. 790 18, 559 21, 354 23, 150 17, 745
City Guards
Washington, D. C 120 1, 802 2, 558 4, 202 5, 014 I Divisions of Morell and
Alexandria, Va 71 1, 645 2, 038 2, 092 3,154 I Humphreys marched
T~ . yj~j to1jointhe army in the
- - ~ - . Stoneman, with one bri-
gade of his division
Third Corps, Maj. Gen. S. P. 787 16,340 20, 602 29, 599 44 24, I and two new re
Heintzelman. ~. ments, detached to t~o
Eleventh Corps, Maj. Gen. 459 9, 840 12, 975 19, 337 52 17, 087 Upper Potomac.
F. Sigel. Caseys provisional bri
Divisi(,n, Brig. Gen. A. W. 189 3, 645 4, 356 5, 610 8 9, 869 I gahes concentrated on
Whipple. the Virginia side.
Division, Brig. Gen. Silas 268 6, 100 6, 757 7, 079 16 4,481 Tworegimentsstationed
Casey. at therailway crossing
Corps of Observation, Upper 130 4, 322 4, 658 6, 766 6 5, 266 of the
Potomac, BrigGen. George Patuxent.
Stoneman.
Cavairy Brigade (Bayards), 73 1, 627 1, 875 2, 723 4, 255
CoL J. M. Davies.
Camp of convalescents,strag. 51 3, 933 6, 526 6, 526
glers, and recrnits, Bri~
Gen. J. P. Slough.
Grand total 2, 970 68, 240 84, 253 107, 839 127 89, 377
NOTEAggregate present and absent, last return, Major-General Morells dIvision, 17,000, not
reported on this abstract.
Abstract from fri-monthly return of the Middle Department (Eighth Army Corps), Maj. Gen.
John E. Wool commanding, for September 20, 1862, headquarters Baltimore, Aid.
Present for
duty. ~
Command.
a a
bO av~
a an
o n
a be bt
o ~
Department staff 25 25 25
halt imore and vicinity 363 8, 805 10, 032 11, 193
Thiladelphia 2 2 2
Anuapoli~ 59 1,419 1, 608 1, 794
Relay House 29 794 981 994
Fort Delaware , 16 519 639 669
Eastern Sbore 37 6t)8 772 783
~1iscellaueous garrisons - 235 5,697 6,623 7,069
Total 766 17,842 20,682 22,529
Attached (Philadelphia) 8 192 198 424
were also at Annapolis 195 officers and 6,066 n~en paroled prIsone~s ~vw
flarpers Ferry.
22 U UVOL XIX, PT II
CHAP. XXXI.
Page 338
338 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
Troops in the Middle 1)epartment (Eighth Army Corps), Maj. Gen. John
19. Wool, U. & Army, commanding, September 20, 1862.
Defenses of Baltimore.
Byt. Brig. Gen. WILLIAM W. MORRIS.
18th Connecticut,* Col. William G. Ely.
17th Indiana Battery, Capt. M. L. Miner.
5th New York Heavy Artillery (six com-
panies), Col. Samuel Graham.
129th New York,t Col. Peter A. Porter.
13th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Col. James
A. Galligher.
Purnell Legion (Maryland Cavalry), Com-
pany C, Capt. Theodore Clayton.
2d U. S. Artillery, Battery I, Lient.
Thomas Grey.
5th U. S. Artillery, Battery L, Capt.
Samuel F. Chalfin.
Annapolis.
Col. JOHN F. STAUNTON.
131st New York, Col. Charles S. Turnbull.
67th Pennsylvania, Col.JolinF. Staunton.
Pnrnell Legion (Maryland Cavalry), Coin-
pany B, Capt. Thomas H. Watkins.
Paroled prisoners.
Fort Delaware.
Maj. HENRY S. BURTON.
Pennsylvania Artillery (four independent
batteries).
1st Battalion, Pennsylvania Marine and
Fortification Artillery (two companies).
Troops guarding Baltimore.
Brig. Gen. WILLIAM H. EMORY.
2d Eastern Shore (Maryland), Col. Ed
ward Wilkins.
38th Massachusetts, Col. Timothy In-
graham.
6th New York Heavy Artillery, Col.
William H. Morris.
110th New York, Col. DeWitt C. Little-
john.
114th New York, Col. Elisha B. Smith.
116th New York, Col. Edward P. Chapin.
128th New York, Col. David S. Cowles.
150th New York, Col. John H. Ketcham.
Eastern Shore.
Brig. Gen. H. H. LocKwooD.
1st Eastern Shore (Maryland), Col. James
Wallace.
Purnell Legion (Maryland Cavalry), Com-
pany A, Capt. Robert E. Duvall.
Belay House.
Col. C. L. K. SUMWALT.
138th Pennsylvania, Col. C. L. K. Sum-
walt.
2d New York Artillery Battalion, Bat-
tery B, Capt. H. J. MeMahan.
Miscellaneous.
4th Delaware, Col. A. H. Grimshaw, Wilmington, Del.
12th New Jersey, Col. Robert C. Johnson, Ellicotts Mills, Md.
14th New Jersey, Col William S. Truex, Monocacy, Md.
109th New York, Col. B. F. Tracy, Annapolis Junction, Md.
141st New York, Col. S. G. 1-lathaway, Laurel, Md.
Patapsco Guards (Maryland), Capt. T. S. McGowan, York, Pa.
140th Pennsylvania, Col. R. P. Roberts, Parkton, Md.
148th Pennsylvania, Col. J. A. Beaver, Cockeysville, Md.
Transferred4
23d Illinois, Col. James A. Mulligan.
2d Maryland Potomac Home Brigade, Col. Robert Bruoe.
106th New York, Col. Schuyler F. Judd.
84th Ohio,~ Lient. Col. John J. Wiseman
86th Ohio,jj Col. Barnabas Burns.
87th Pennsylvania, Col. George Hay.
6th West Virginia, Col. N. Wilkinson.
10th West Virginia, Col. T. M. Harris.
11th West Virginia, Col. John C. Rathbone.
12th West Virginia, Col. John B. Kiunk.
1st West Virginia Cavalry (one company).
1st Illinois Light Artillery, Battery L, Capt. John Rourke.
* Detachments at Back River, Bush River, Harewood, and Havre de Grace.
t Or Eighth New York Heavy Artillery.
Troops of the Railroad District of Western Virginia trnneferred, September 19,
1862, to the Department of the Ohio.
~S Mustered out September 20, 1862,
jj Mustered out September 25, 1862
Page 339
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.LJNION. 339
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
September ~1, 1862. (Sent 1.20 p. in.)
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
Your t~legrains of 8 a. in. and 11 p. in. yesterday are just received.
Geiieral Banks had anticipated the order you suggest. The Govern-
inent has been most anxious for the last two days to obtain the informa-
tion given in yours of yesterday morning, just received, and you have
entirely misconstrued the urgency of my request for it. Except your
short dispatch, in regard to Pleasontons pursuit, I had no official in-
formation of what had taken place since the battle of the 17th.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
CAMP I~EAR THE PoToMAClO a. in.,
Via Frederick, Aid., September 21, 18626.45 p. in.
(Received 8 p. in.)
Maj. (Thu. II. W HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
Re-eiiforcernents were sent last night to General Couch, at Williams-
I)o1t. No news has been received from there since 11 p. in. yesterday,
when the enemy were still there. They yet remain at Shepherdstowu
in some force. Some firing is going on; I think it only their rear guard.
It is still quite foggy, and we can tell better when it clears away.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 21, 18625 p. in. (Received 9.15 a. in., 22d.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
I propose to send a regiment of cavalry to Cumberland, and thence
to Romiey and south of that place, 111 order to ascertain if any of the
rebel force recently before it is moving toward Western Virginia. in
this connection it is iinportaiit for me to know as soon as possible what
force we now have guarding the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad froiii Mar-
tinsbnrg west toward Wheeling. Will you do me the favor to answer
this at the earliest practicable moment?
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- Ueneral.
SHARPSBURG, September 21, 1862.
(Received 8 p. in.)
General M. C. MEIGS,
Quartermaster- General:
It is probable that this army must have its main depot at or near
Harpers Ferry, provided it remains at all in this section of country
after the enemy has left it entirely. We are more than 20 miles froni
the Frederick and 15 from the ilagerstown depots. The country here
on both sides of the Potomac is exhausted of all supplies, it would
be found impracticable to supply so large an army beyond the river
with wagons. I presume that General McClellan will shortly reach th
Page 340
340 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CRAP. XXXt
and of Harpers Ferry, so that our supplies may be sent by railroad
canal. He desires me to request you to order the repairs of the
canal. Its agents are at Georgetown. We are now drawing from Fred-
erick and Hagerstown. The corps of Franklin and Couchs division are
at Williamsport, and supplied from Hagerstown.
RUFUS INGALLS,
Lieutenant-Colonel, Aide-de-Camp, and Chief Quartermaster.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 21, 1862.
General JOHN F. REYNOLDS,
Commanding Pennsylvania Militia, Hagerstown, Md.:
General McClellan directs me to say to you that General Franklin
was requested to state to you to-day that, as there was no further use
for the Pennsylvania militia, they could now return into their State.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. 258. Camp near Sharpsburg, Md., September 21, 1802.
* * * * * *
III. At his own request, Brig. Gen. John Newton U S Volunteers,
is relieved from duty with the Army of the Potomac, and will report in
person to the Adjutant-General of the Army.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major-General McClellan:
[S. WILLIAMS,]
Assistant Adjutant-General.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
Washington, September 21, 18621.30 p. m.
Major-General HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
The following telegram, from Thomas R. Brayton to Brigadier-General
Haupt, is communicated for your information:
I have this moment returned from near Bull Run. Saw 3 men, who live between
Bristoe and Catletts, making their escape, as the rebels are pressing all the inhab-
itants into service. They are taking away our seven engines, all car-wheels, axles
and irons from Manassas and Bristoe. They have probably repaired bridge at Bristoe
and coming to and through Manassas Gap road, or, which is more probable to me, they
have thrown a structure across the Rapidan, and going that way. I do not think it will
take much of a force to prevent this. My informants are, I think, reliable.
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain and Aide-de- Camp.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 21, 1862.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
SIR: To be ready to prevent the execution of one of the ends which
the enemy may now propose to himself by the reoccupation of 1~1aua8
Page 341
OOE~PONb1ci~, I~P~1xt2tNION. 341
sas, and to intercept any movement he may intend through Manassas
and ~[horoughfare, or Aslibys and Aldie, Gaps, the commanding gen-
eral directs that you at once advance a brigade to Ceutreville, increasing
this force to a division at the earliest possible moment thereafter. The
cavalry reconnaissance toward Ashby~s Gap will cover their movement
to-day, but as soon as it returns a strong force of cavalry must be pushed
as far as possible toward the Rapidan, to observe the enemys movements
in that quarter.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
RJCHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. As~t. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 21, 1S62.
Brigadier-General CULLUM,
Chief of Staff, Headquarters of the Army:
GENERAL: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of Major
Braytons telegram to General Haupt, from your headquarters.
The reconnaissance of 2,000 cavalry, with artillery, instructed to go
to Ashbys Gap, or as far in that direction as possible, and which left
Arlington yesterday morning, will intercept, or at least ascertain, any
and all movements contemplated by the enemy in the direction of Ma-
nassas Gap, which is the first mountain pass south of Ashbys, and dis-
tant from Ashbys about 10 miles.
It is expected the force will return by the way of 1~Ianassas Railroad.
Measures will be taken to intercept any movement of the enemy in retreat
by the way of the Rapidan. But it does not seem probable that they
will retreat in that direction. They will probably place the mountains
between our army and theirs, and fortify strongly all the passes.
If the statement of the refugees to Major Brayton be correct, is it not
probable that the repairs of railroads and bridges has reference to the
reoccupation of Manassas?
The conscription referred to is in the ordinary course of the rebel orders
for the re-enforcement of their army, to replace daily losses.
I have the honor to be, your obedient servant.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General, Commanding.
BALTIMORE, MD., September 21, 1862.
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
A large amount of stores is now in cars at Monocacy. The force at
that point and at Frederick is not sufficient for their protection. There
are about 200 cars now to be unloaded at Frederick. No artillery at
either point. If Harpers Ferry is in possession of the enemy the sup-
plies are in danger. I have suggested to Mr. Garrett the propriety of
running back some of the cars until quartermasters department is
ready to unload them. General Wool will send two pieces of artillery
to Monocacy. He has one regiment of raw troops at that point, and no
other troops that he can send, having sent to General McClellan alt
that can be spared. I will see you to-morrow and report personally.
H. HAUPT
Page 342
342 OPERAPIONS iN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
September 22, 186211 a. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Camp near Sharpsburg, Md.:
By last returns there were eight companies at Cumberland, thirty at
Dry [New] Creek, and one at Itomney. There were also several com-
panies at Beverly and south, bat it is believed that they have been
drawn in by General Kelley.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
QUARTERMASTER-GENERALS OFFICE,
Washington City, September 92, 186212.55 p. in.
Lient. Col. IR. INGALLS,
Chief Quartermaster and Aide-dc- (amp,
fldqrs. Army of the Potomac, near Sharpsburg, Md.:
Yesterdays dispatch received last night. While the right bank of
the Potomac is occupied by rebels, the canal cannot be repaired or used.
It is generally under artillery fire.
The railroad bridge at Monocacy is replaced, and the road can be
made passable to Point of Rocks, and, if protected, to Harpers Ferry.
Stores accumulate at Monocacy an(l Frederick, and apprehensions
are felt for their safety. The country roads between Frederick and
Washington offer rare temptations to cavalry and infantry raids. The
river is reported fordable in twenty places, and is not sufficiently
guarded. Take care of your communications and lines of supply.
M. C. MEIGS,
Quartermaster- General.
MCCLELLANS HEADQUARTERS,
Near the Potomac, September 22, 186212 noon.
(Received 7.30 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in. Chief:
When I was assigned to the command of this army in Washington, it
was suffering under the disheartening influence of defeat. It had been
greatly reduced by casualties in General Popes campaign, and its effi-
ciency had been much impaired. The sanguinary battles fought by
these troops at South Mountain and Antietam Creek have resulted in a
loss to us of 10 general officers and many regimental and company offi-
cers, besides a large number of enlisted men. The army corps have
been badly cut up and scattered by the overwhelming numbers brought
against them in the battle of the 17th instant, and the entire army has
been greatly exhausted by unavoidable overwork, hunger, and want of
sleep and rest. When the enemy recrossed the Potomac the means of
transportation at my disposal was inadequate to furnish a single days
supply of subsistence in advance. Under these circumstances I did not
feel authorized to cross the river in pursuit of the retreating enemy, and
thereby place that streamwhich is liable at any time to rise above a
fording stagebetween this army and its base of supply. As soon as
the exigencies of the service will admit of it, this army should be reor-
ganized. It is absolutely necessary, to secure its efficiency, that the ol
Page 343
CHAP. X~Xt.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC .-~UNION. 343
skeleton regiments should be filled up at once, and officers appointed to
supply the numerous existing vacancies. There are instances where cap-
tains are commanding regiments, and companies without a single com-
missioned officer.
Franklins corps marched to Williamsport yesterday morning to re-
enforce Couch. They now occupy that l)lace, the enemy having retreated
on their approach. Williams (Banks) corps occupies Maryland Heights.
Sumners corps is en route for the same point, and Meades (Hookers)
corps will probably follow it soon. I propose, as soon as the pontoon
bridge can be relaid (it is expected to arrive to-day), to cross these troops
and occupy Harpers Ferry and Charlestowi, with a view of pushing
them out into the Shenandoah Valley as soon as practicable. Burusides
and Porters corps are here. The enemy still continues to show his
pickets along the river, and with a large force drove back the last re-
connaissance that was attempted on the other side. A. large body of the
enemy was reported last night as moving from Charlestown toward
Bunker Hill, and I am of the opinion that the mass of their army is re-
treating in that direction. I am sending out scouts in every direction,
and will keep you advised of all I learn of the movements of the enemy.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major-General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 22, 1862. (Received 5.30 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
lurgently request that the president of the Chesapeake an(l Ohio Canal
Company be asked to repair the canal at once. That he should do so is
indispensably necessary for ulterior military operations. I also request
that all the small steamers plying on the canal may be sent to Harpers
Ferry as soon as the repairs shall have been completed. By my direc-
tion, my chief quartermaster telegraphed last evening a dispatch similar
to this to General Meigs, who replied, raising objections on the same
score of want of protection to the canal. I do not require suggestions
of this kind. I shall be responsible that full protection is afforded it.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Near Sharpsburg, September 22, 18624.45 p. m.
JOHN W. GARRETT, Esq.,
President Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Baltimore, Md.:
I would be very much obliged to you if you would immediatel-y have
the railroad bridge over Potomac, at Harpers Ferry, fully repaired. I
shall reoccupy the town mentioned to-morrow. 1 beg to assure you
that so long as I remain in command, no harm shall again occur to this
bridge from the hands of the enemy.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding
Page 344
344 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXt.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 22, 1862 4p.m.
Major-General BURNSIDE:
GENERAL: The commanding general directs you to hold your whole
eorps in readiness to move to Harper~s Ferry to-morrow. He also directs
you to send that portion of the Fifth Cavalry (regular) now with you
to join its regiment.
General Pleasonton is directed to furnish you sufficient cavalry (if
you have not already enough) to watch the fords in your vicinity.
Please report the number and strength of cavalry regiments now with
you. The general further directs you to send the boat howitzers at day.
light to-morrow morning to Harpers Ferry, to he placed on Loudoun
Heights.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 22, 1862.
General FITz JOHN PORTER,
Commanding P~fth Corps:
GENERAL: In reply to your note of this morning, you are authorized
to send a flag of truce to the opposite side of the river, to recover the
bodies of our dead. The general commanding suggests that it will be
well, if there is no appearance of force opposite you, that you send over
some cavalry scouts to determine the fact after the flag of truce is dis.
posed of and the bodies recovered.
I am, very respectfully,
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 22, 18622 p. m.
General FITz JOHN PORTER:
GENERAL: The commanding general directs that you stop the flag
of truce and continue your reconnaissance, only exercising due cantion
about not being drawn into any ambuscade. You can assure the rebel
officer (as you propose) that their wounded are properly attended to,
which obviates the necessity of the surgeon coming over; and that
Shepherdstown will not be fired into without some absolute necessity.
If you can drive the enemys cavalry from Shepherdstown we may be
able to take a large number of their wounded.
Very respectfully,
B. B. MARCY,
Chief of StazT.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 22, 18023.10 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
A strong cavalry reconnaissance toward Aldie and Ashbys Gaps is ex-
pected to return to-day, or early to-morrow morning. I ordered Stahels
division, of Sigels corps, to advance to Centreville last night and earl
Page 345
CHAP. XXXI.] CO1~RESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
this morning. As soon as the cavalry returns, I will send another force
of cavalry toward the iRapidan. We hear nothiug of any enemy in
our front. I am inclined to think that, nuder present circumstances,
General Stoneman and Birneys brigade, at ]east, might rejoin their
division. It ought to be got together, to enable Stoneman to put it in
condition to take the field. As Stoneman is so near you, I prefer to give
no orders in the matter without knowing your views.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
S~ptember 22, 18623.20 p. m.
Brig. Gen. GEORGE STONEMAN,
Point of Rock8:
Your telegram received. The commanding general telegraphs to Gen-
eral McClellan respecting your withdrawal, and confirming your views
of the importance of bringing your division together. Will let you know
decision at earliest possible moment.
IILCHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de- Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
BALTIMORE, MD., September 22, 1862.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
Brigadier-General Kelley reports that the rebels attacked Back Creek
Bridge, but were repulsed; not, however, before they destroyed the bridge
by fire. He reports that Colonel Wilkinson informed him that a rebel
force was in the vicinity of Sutton, Braxton County, and thinks they are
preparing to cross toward Clarksbnrg.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 22, 1862.
Maj. Gen. JOHN E. WOOL, Baltimore, Aid.:
GENERAL: The General-in-Chief desires a return in detail of the
troops under your command and their position at present. Please iii-
form him by telegraph what troops you have in and about Baltimore
and at other posts and stations in this vicinity, and on the Eastern
Shore of Maryland.
J. C. KELTON,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
BALTIMORE, MD., September 22, 1862.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
In rel)ly to your telegram, inquiring the number of troops in and
about Baltimore, the following is sent: New regiments, just sent and
in camp at Baltimore, One hundred and fourteenth New York, 1,01
Page 346
346 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CuAr. XXXI.
men; One hundred and sixteenth New York, 1,000 men; One hundred
and tenth New York, 720 In en; Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, re-
cently recruited, 600 men, and Company B, Purnell Legion Cavalry, 95
men. Total, 3,432 men, exclusive of those occupying forts. In camp,
guarding roads without the city, from 3 to 6 miles: Liberty road, Thirty-
eighth Massachusetts, 1,017 men, and the Seventeenth Indiana Battery,
147 men~ at Gwinns Falls, Frederick road, One hundred and thirty-
fifth New York, 976 men; One hundred and twenty-eighth New York,
950 men, and Captain Chalfins battery (two sections), 60 men; at Fort
Mdllenry, one company of Second Artillery, 88 men, and six companies
Eighteenth Connecticut, 630 men; at Fort Marshall, Fifth New York
Artillery, 734 men, and Seventeenth Connecticut, 950 men; at Fort
Federal Hill, One hundred and twenty-ninth New York, 1,000 men. I
will send you to-morrow a detailed report of the troops under my coin-
mand, and where stationed at present.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 23, 1862. (Received 1.10 p. in.)
General H. W. HALLECK:
The following order, which was sent me from Harpers Ferry, goes
to corroborate the impressions I have before received, that the enemy
are receiving re-enforceinents:
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF VIRGINIA,
On Opequon, near Snzoketoun, September 21, 1862.
Colonel MUNFORD,
Co~nmanding Cavalry Regiments:
COLONEL: Since writing this morning, I hear that there are many captured cooking
utensils lying about harpers Ferry. We need them much at Winchester. Please
have them carefully collected and sent thither for the use of the troops constantly
arriving there.
Very respectfully, yours,
R. E. LEE,
General.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 23, 186211 a. in. (Received 1.20 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK:
Dr. Hitchcock aiid Hon. Mr. Cro~ker, of Massachusetts, are here, on
the part of the Governor of that State, desirous of removing to Massa-
ehusetts the most serious cases of their wounded men. I would request
authority to deliver to them such severe cases as will not be fit for duty
iii less than thirty days or six weeks, one or more surgeons, to be de-
tailed by the medical director of this army, to inspect the cases an(l
(lecide as to those to be sent home; none to be sent without the approval
and Or(ler of the me(lical director. I would respectfully ask an early
reply to this.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding
Page 347
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.~UNION. 347
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 23, 186211.45 a. m. (Received 7.20 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK:
Lient. Col. A. P. Porter, in charge of depot at Monocacy, reports that
Major Jones, of General Wools staff, and Major Cross, quartermaster,
U. S. Army, have been ordered to examine into the conduct of affairs
at that depot, in consequence of charges having been made in Wash-
ington of mismanagement and inefficiency on the part of the commis-
sary department. it appears to me that when such charges are made
against officers under my command, I should be informed of them, and
have the opportunity of correcting any evil that may be found to exist,
before an examination by officers not serving in this army is ordered.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
September 23, 18621.30 p. m.
Major General MCCLELLAN:
I am too unwell this morning to give due attention to your telegrams
of yesterday. It is hoped that the expeditions sent out by General
Banks will give us more satisfactory information of the positions of the
enemy south of the river and east of the Shenandoah. I think the
immediate repair of the canal should depend upon what can be learned
of the enemys intentions. Governor Peirpoint telegraphs that the
enemy is reported at Sutton, Braxto n County, approaching Clarksburg,
and asks that six regiments be sent from Pennsylvania to that place.
Can you spare any from ilagerstown for that purpose ~i If so, please
send them. I have just learned that the Back Creek railroad bridge,
10 miles west of Martinsburg, has been destroyed by rebels. In oper-
ating with your troops, pay no regard to department lines. Give me,
as soon as possible, your views of future movements.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 23, 186211.05 p. m.
Major-General HALLECK:
Your dispatch of 11.25 a. m. yesterday states that there were eight
coinpailies at Cumberland and thirty at Dry Creek. I cannot find Dry
Creek on the maps. Is it not New Creek ~l If there are now eight coin-
patmies at Cumberlaud and thirty at New Creek, I have the honor to
request that they may be placed under my command.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 23, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN,
Camp near Sharpsburg, Md.:
New Creek was intended. In your operations you will not regard
(lepartinent lines, but look only to the good of the service in using the
troops within your reach
Page 348
OPE1~AflONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., ANP PA. [dHAP. ~ZX~t.
You are authorized to send to Massachusetts the wounded, as you
propose, putting an army surgeon in general charge of them.
Nothing is known here of any investigations of charges by Major
Cross and Major Jones. It is understood they were sent to assist in
re~ulating the transmission of supplies.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 23, 1862.
General FITz JOHN PORTER,
Commanding Army Corps:
GENERAL: A signal dispatch just received from Harpers Ferry says
a large column of troops was seen this evening moving out from Charles-
town, in the direction of this place; also anothe~ column marching from
about 4 miles west of Harpers Ferry in the direction of a ford below
here. The commanding general directs that you guard the fords in
your front and flanks well, so as to be prepared if these troops attempt
to cross. The report that rebel forces are in the position I mentioued to
you this evening is confirmed by an order found to-day, signed IR. E.
Lee, and from other evidence. I think there is no doubt but Lee and
Jackson are in the vicinity of Shepherdstown.
Very respectfully,
li. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff
P. S.Please suspend your reconnaissance till further orders.
HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS,
Camp near Sharpsburg [3rd.], September 23, 1862.
Brig. Gen. R. B. MARCY, Chief of Staff:
GENERAL: I inclose, for the inspection and consideration of the corn-
manding general, a comparative statement exhibiting the strength of
this corps on the 18th instant, the day after the last action, and its
strength on the 22d instant, with a column giving the increase in the
foam- days intervening. This statement has been sent to division com-
mamiders, with orders to use every effort to account for the increase, and
report the names of officers and men absent on the 18th without au-
thority.
The dcvelopment here made of straggling and abandoning their com-
mands on the part of officers and men is so startling, and so important
in its bearing on the reliance to be placed on the command with which
I have been honored, that I deem it due to myself and the general corn-
mnamiding to make this communication.
How this serious aI)d terrible evil can be cured is a difficult question
to solve, inasmuch as the disease seems to pervade the whole body.
Nothing, in my judgment, short of taking of life will have any effect,
but that some measures are indispensable is rendered evident by the
statement now inclosed.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEG. G. MEADE,
Brigadier- General, Commdnding
Page 349
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
349
Ilnclosure.J
Comparison of field return of officer8 and men present for duty in Hookers corps, & ~ptem
ber 15, 1862, with morning report made September 22, 1862.
September 18, 1862. September 22, 1862.
- Increase.
Infantry. Artillery. Total. Infantry. Artillery. Total.
5,
a a a a a . a . a
0 ~ 0 ~ 0 0 ~ 080 H 0 ~
a a
~
First (Doubledays) 163 2, 175 10 370 173 2, 545 192 3, 887 11 411 203 8, 798 30 1, 253
DivisiOn.
Second (Ricketts) Di- 74 890 2 42 76 932 266 5,748 2 157 268 5, 905 192 4, 973
Vision.
Third (Seymours) Di- 116 2, 262 9 251 125 2, 513 185 4, 563 10 307 195 4, 870 70 2, 357
vision.
353 5, 327 21 663 374 5, 990 643 13, 698 23 875 666 14, 573 292 8, 583
REMARKSThirty officers and 700 men of the Sixteenth Maine Regiment, Ricketts division, re-
urned since 18th instant from detached service.
Respectfully submitted.
GEG. G. MEADE,
Brigadier-General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS,
September 23, 1862.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
Washington, September 23, 186210.30 a. m.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS,
Asst. Adjt. Gen., Head quarters Army of the Potomac:
Telegram of last night received this morning. It occurs tQ me that
at least a part of the confusion caused by the new numbers of the corps
arises from the fact that you have got them wrong. Sigels corps is the
Eleventh, Banks is the Twelfth, and Hookers (late McDowells) is the
First Corps. This is warranted correct, the newspapers to the contrary
notwithstanding. Consequently, after some puzzling, I infer from your
telegram that Meade commands the First Corps, vice Hooker, wounded,
and A. S. Williams commands the Twelfth Corps, vice Mansfield, killed.
is this right? To whom was Webers brigade assigned? Is Couchs
division independent ~ Does Sturgis command Renos division, and
Willcox, Stevens ~ Piatts brigade is here, in Whipples division.
Request about General Orders, No. 157, will be attended to. Had a
splendid distribution list, answering for both of us, in type when your
dispatch came.
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 23, 1862-.---1.25 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Headquarters Army of the Potomac:
It is very important, in view of the long line we have to observe, extend-
ing practically from Warreuton to Snickers Gap, that our serviceable
CHAP. XXXI.
Page 350
350 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MI)., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
cavalry, now amounting only to about 2,700, should be largely increased.
We want at least 2,500 horses, which General Meigs says he cannot
issue nuder the instructions that he has received from you. lie has
7,500 horses under contract, which will be disposable as soon as they
can be received and inspected. I would respectfully request that the
Quartermaster-General may be authorized to give us 2,500 of these, to
remount our cavalry. J~lease answer immediately.
N. P. BANKS,
Major. General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 23, 18624.15 p.m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. IIEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
The following telegram, just received, is communicated for your in-
formation. If you or General Sigel have any cavalry to spare, a suffi-
cient force ought to go in advance of the infantry, accompanied by
mounted railroad men, to seize and bring off the engines. If cavalry
goes out, its commander should bring in two or three citizens, that we
may get informatiou from them.
IlICllD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-dc- Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
(Copy to General ilaupt.)
SEPTEMBER 23, 1862.
Major-General BANKS:
I am informed that five of our engines have been put by the rebels in
good condition, an(l they are now at Warrenton or Warrenton Junc-
tion. That the only rebel force at that point were about 100 cavalry.
If we send infantry only to recover the property, it will be destroyed
before they reach it. A cavalry dash, promptly executed, is required
to take possession. The infantry can then hold it until the completion
of the bridges will allow the removal of the engines. I have requested
that the party who gave the information be sent to you.
H. HAUPT.
IIEADQUARTE1tS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 23, 18624I5p.m.
Brig. Gen. HERMAN HAUPT,
Alexandria Depot:
Please see telegram to General lleintzelman, just communicated to
you. It will, doubtless, be impracticable to attempt to hold the bridges
over and beyond Broad Run with infantry, and we have not cavalry to
spare, but we will do what we can.
By command of Major-General Banks:
IIICIII) B. IRWiN,
Captain and Aide-de- Camp.
HEADQUARTERS I)EFENSES OF WAShiNGTON.
September 23, 18629.35 p. in.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Headquarters Army of the Potomac:
In consequence of representations made to me by the regimental co
Page 351
CHAP. XX .1 CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNLON. 351
inander and surgeon, I ordered the acting medical director to have a
thorough tuedical inspection made of the Fourth Ohio Volunteers.
The inspecting officer reports that not more than 190 men can safely
be sent into the field, and it is said that in the ease of many of these the
results are to be apprehended.
Under these circumstances, I have concluded to await your further
or(lers before putting the regiment on the march.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 23, 18629.35 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Headquarters Army of the Potomac:
I communicate, for information, the followipg telegram, received at 8
p. in. I had previously ordered General Heintzelman to detach two regi
ments of Stahels division, with a section of artillery and such force of
cavalry as he may be able to spare, to accompany a construction party
~vhichGen~ral Haupt sends out to-morrow to repair l)ri(1gC5 at Bt~u11
Run and Broad Run, and bring off five locomotives, said, on reliable
authority, to be at Bristoe. I have nothing yet from the reconnaissance
sent toward Aslibys Gap:
ARLINGTON, 23D.
General Stahels division i~ now occupying Centreville, between Fairfax Court-
House and Centreville. The enemys cavalry pickets were met; they withdrew in the
direction of Manassas. He is informed, on good authority, that the Thirteenth Vir-
ginia Cavalry occupy Manassas Plains.
S. P. IIEINTZELMAN.
N. P. BANKS,
Major-General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 93, 18629.45 p. ni.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS,
Asst. Adjt. Gen., Headquarters Army of the Potomac:
Bufords old brigade, and it includes all the cavalry no~v with this
command.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 23, 1862.
Maj. Gen. S. P. IIEINTZELMAN,
Comdg. Defenses South of the Potomac, Arlington:
SIR: The commanding general directs that you order the commander
of the division at Centreville to send two regiments, aud, if I)ossible, a
section of artillery, to accompany a construction party, which will go
out on the railway to-morrow to repair the bridges as far as Bristoc,
and endeavor to bring off seven locomotives near that station. The
troops can meet the construction party at Union Mills. General Haupt
has been requested to inform you at what hour the construction party
will be at the rendezvous
Page 352
352 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI
The commanding general directs that the commander of this detach-
ment be instructed to take measures to break up the meeting referred
to in the accompanying communication from Colonel Macomb , * and, if
practicable, to take the officers concerned.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J{ICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS FIRST DIVISION, THIRD CORPS,
Seminary, September 23, 1862.
Maj. L. HUNT,
Acting Assistant Adjutant- General:
Party, with flag of truce, sent to Bull Run to bury dead have re-
turned and report successful mission. They buried all the dead on the
field. Were well treated .by the small party of rebel cavalry there.
D. B. BJR1~~EY,
Brigadier- General.
UPTONS HILL, HEADQUARTERS BAYARDS CAVALRY,
September 23, 18628 p. m.
Major HUNT,
Acting Assistant Adjutant-General:
XV. J. Gaines, having letters from Colonel Kelton, General Hallecks
staff, reports that a company of Ninth New York Cavalry have found
at Fairfax some 250 stand of arms and 6 boxes fixed ammunition, 3
barrels powder, 150 boxes of cartridges and bayonets, some picks and
spades. He also says they ~vi1t be unable to hold the place unless re-
enforced, as the citizens are preparing for an attack. He says he heard
that the rebels are in force about 5 or 6 miles beyond Centreville, having
a1i~ut 40,000 men. Shall I send any force to Fairfax, or take any ac-
tion in the matter? I have a scout, on whom I can rely, who told me
he was in Dranesville, and 4 miles beyond. Saw no enemy in force,
but was chased by 8 mounted men.
J. M. DAViES,
Colonel, Commanding Cavalry Brigade.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 23, 1862.
Gov. ANDREW G. CURTIN,
Harrisburg, Pa.:
Have you any volunteer regiments to send to Clarksburg, via Wheel
ing; if so, how many? HALLECK,
General-in-Chief.
HARRISBURG, September 23, 18622.35 p. m.
General H. W. HALLECK:
I have no volunteer regiments that could be sent. Militia force has
been disbanded, and is being returned to their homes.
A. G. CURTIN.
Not found
Page 353
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 353
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
& pternber 24, 1862. (Sent 2 p. in.)
Major-General MCCLELLAN,
Near Sharpsburg, Md.:
The information brought by the cavalry expedition sent against the
enemys train through Ashbys Gap is to the effect that Lees forces are
concentrating at Winchester, and that troops are moving from the river
to that place. If your information should agree with this, had not re-
enforcemeuts for your army better be sent to Point of Rocks or Harpers
Ferry? As most of the wagons have been sent to the forces now with
you, those here are deficient in transportation, and must move, so as to
connect with your supply trains, as soon as possible. It is reported
that no re-enforcements have arrived from Richmond; on the contrary,
it is believed that an expedition has been organized there against Suf-
folk or Yorktown, and General Dix asks to be re-enforced. Sigels corps
is the only old one here. It could probably be supplied with transpor-
tation. On what point would you prefer it to move?
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC
September 24, 186210.30 a. m. (Received 5.15 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
In reply to your telegram of 1.30 p. m. yesterday, I have the honor
to state that there are no troops at Hagerstown except the Pennsylvania
militia. I thought of sending Franklin there, but the news of Generals
Lee and Jackson being opposite here with large forces changed my
intentions in this regard, and Franklin is now between here and Will-
iamsport. I cannot now dispense with a single regiment from this army
until I know more of the intentions of the enemy.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 24, 186211 a. in. (Received 5.30 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
The enemys pickets occupy the Virginia side of the river, near Shep-
herdstown, and he is still said to be in position with large forces be-
tween Shepherdstown and 1~Jartinsburg. It has been raining for several
hours. If the storm continues, the river will probably be raised above
a fording stage. Should this occur, I propose to concentrate the greater
l)ortion of the army in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, ready to act
against the enemy in the direction of Winchester. The pontoon bridge
arrived at Harpers Ferry last evening, and is probably laid by this
time. A reconnaissance made from Harpers Ferry yesterday found the
enemyartillery, infantry, and cavalryin force, drawn up in line near
Charlestown.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
23 R RYOL XIX, PT I
Page 354
354 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 24, 18629.45 p. m. (Received 11 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
I have the honor to request that at least twenty new regiments, and,
if possible, a greater number, be sent to me at once, to be incorporated
with the old troops of this army. From Banks morning report of the
20th instant, I think twenty regiments, at least, can be spared. I would
be glad to have more than double that number with the least possible
delay. They can be made efficient much more quickly by brigading
them with old troops than in any other manner. If there are any
Michigan, Wisconsin, or Indiana troops, I would be particularly grati-
fied to receive them. They should be sent via Sandy Hook, and ordered
to report directly to these headquarters, where they will be immediately
assigned. 1 would be glad if you would direct General Kelley to report
to me in detail the number and position of his troops, and all he knows
about the movements of the enemy in his front. I am so intimately
acquainted with Western Virginia that I am sure that I can be of ben-
efit. Please inform me where General Kelleys headquarters are, and
what is the extent of his command. I would be glad to render him any
assistance in my power. In the present situation of affairs there should
be at least direct co-operation on the part of the commander in West
Yfrginia and myself.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major-General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Near Sharpsburg, September 24, 186211 p. m.
(Received 11.10 p. in.)
His Excellency ABRAHAM LINCOLN,
President of the United States:
Many weeks ago I ~ubmitted, through the proper channel, a long list
of brevets, recommended for officers of the Regular Army for gallant
service upon many fields of battle. I regret to say that none of these
have been acted upon. Many, perhaps the most, of these officers have
declined promotion in the volunteer service, feeling that they could
render better service with their own commands. This is especially the
case with regard to the most prominent officers of the artillery, who
have persistently declined promotion in other corps, feeling that they
could render better service to their country in their own. There are
many captains and lieutenants in the artillery who for this reason have
declined colonelcies in the volunteer service. The same may be said of
officers in other branches of the service. I respectfully and earnestly
urge upon you a prompt consideration of the claims of these gentlemen,
and I trust that you will not fail to confer upon them the addition of
rank which I have asked for them. In addition to the rewards which
I have already asked, I shall have other lists to submit, but I beg you
will now act immediately upon those I have already submitted.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 24, 186210 p. in. (Received 12 midnight.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
It is necessary to build a permanent double-track bridge over th
Page 355
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 355
Potomac at Harpers Ferry; also a wagon bridge over Shenandoah at the
same place, on the piers now standing. The Potomac bridge must prob-
ably be built on crib-piers, filled with stone, and will be about 900 feet
in length; the Shenandoah bridge about 400 feet long. I have to re-
quest that Col. D. C. McCallum may be placed in charge of this work,
and instructed to report to me at Harpers Ferry without delay. He
should take steps before leaving Washington to organize the gangs of
workmen, and to procure all the material possible. I cannot too strongly
urge the importance of expedition in this matter. Until this or the
railroad bridge is finished, it is scarcely possible to advance from Har-
pers Ferry, in force, and as that is clearly our true line of operations, I
need not urge upon you the necessity of completing our communications
there.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 24, 1862.
General N. P. BANKS,
Commanding Defenses of Washington, D. C.:
In reply to your dispatch of the 22d, I should not think it advisable
to withdraw Stoneman from his present position until we are able to
learn something more of the designs and movements of the enem now
in our front. I will keep you advised.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIvISIoN,
September 24, 1862Il a. m.
Maj. Gen. RiTz JOHN PORTER,
Commanding Fifth Corps:
GENERAL: By direction of General McClellan, I am about to throw
a squadron of cavalry across the river at the ford near Shepherdstown.
I am instructed to notify you of the same. The party will be at the
ford within an hour, and a small detachment will first cross over to feel
the way.
I am, general, very respectfully,
A. PLEASONTON,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Cavalry Division.
WASHINGTON, September 24, 1862.
Major-General BANKS, Commanding:
GENERAL: Some troops must be sent to Western Yirginia, and if
General Milroys brigade is available for that duty, you will have it in
readiness to move by railroad. If you suggest any other, please name it.
Yours, truly,
H. W. HALLECK,
Genera lin- Chie
Page 356
356 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF TIlE POTOMAC,
Near Sharpsburg, Md., September 24, 18629 p. m.
General N. P. BANKS:
If the Eighteenth Maine Regiment can be spared from the Defenses
of Washington, the commanding general desires that you will please
order it to report to Maj. Geii. F. J. Porter, at this place.
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
hEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 24, 186210 p. m. (Received 11.05 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKS:
Will you please have two companies of heavy artillery sent to Har-
pers Ferry at once? They will be required to man the heavy guns on
Maryland Heights.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 24, 18627 p. m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
The following telegrams are communicated for your information .~ The
commanding general directs that you have the force already sent out
sufficiently augmented to effect the object. The general would prefer to
have a considerable force of cavalry added to the infantry you send
under this order, but leaves the strength and composition of the force
to be sent entirely to your discretion. Please report your action.
By command:
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain and Aide-de- Camp.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 24, 186211. p. m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. IIEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
Send forward the rest of Sigels corps, as you suggest. Great caution
must be observed to prevent surprise. Let the cavalry be kept well to
the front and on the alert. Instruct General Sigel to report frequently
the state of affairs.
By command of Major-General Banks:
RICHD 1~. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de- Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS MARYLAND BRIGADE,
Williarnsport, [Mid.], September 24, 1862.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General, Army of the Potomac:
GENERAL: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your favor
of yesterday, directed to me at Hagerstown, desiring me to send by the
bearer a return of my command, and also to inform you whether there
were at Hagerstown or vicinity other than those subject to my orders.
* Not identified
Page 357
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. / 357
In reply, I beg leave to report that, upon my arrival at ilagerstown, on
the night of the 19th instant, I was ordered by Brigadier. General Rey-
nolds, U. S. Volunteers, in command of Pennsylvania militia, to move
out on the Williamsport road with my brigade, and report to him. I
complied with the order, and then reported my arrival to your head-
quarters, from which I received.orders to join General Couchs division,
at Williamsport. The enemy was at this time (Saturday, the 20th in-
stant) in the town, and General Reynolds directed me to remain in line
of battle between Hagerstown and Williamsport. On Sunday, the 21st,
learning that a portion of Major-General Franklins army corps were in
this town, I sent in and reported to Major-General Franklin, from whom
I received orders to march here to relieve Colonel Rushs command, to
hold and occupy the town, and to defend the ford over the Potomac. I
was placed in command here by his orders, and have endeavored to
obey his instructions. Several changes have been made in the dispo-
sition and number of the troops here since yesterday, and my force now
consists, first, of several battalions of my own brigade, say, 1,000 men;
second, eight guns Maryland battery, Company A, Captain Wolcott, 120
men; third, seven companies of the Twelfth Illinois Cavalry, Colonel
Voss commanding, 350 men; fourth, two independent companies Mary-
land cavalry, commanded by Captains Russell and Grafflin, 100 men.
Under instructions from Major-General Franklin, received during last
iiight, I have ordered a regiment of infantry to Clear Spring, 9 miles
from here, on the road to Hancock; a section of artillery and a squadron
of cavalry to Dam No. 5, distant 5 or 6 miles up the river; a squadron
of cavalry to Hancock, to watch the fords from there down to Dam No.
5, and the balance of the cavalry I am using, to the best of my judg-
ment., in guarding the fords near to and the i-oads leading to the town.
One battalion of my infantry is supporting the battery posted on the
heights, to the left of~he town, and the balance doing duty in and about the
town. I have no troops whatever in Hagerstown, except detachments
which I left there to guard my subsistence, ammunition, and camp and gar-
rison equipage, all of which I was forced to leave there when I marched,
as I have not one single wagon, no transportation whatever having been
ftirnished me, except that on yesterday I borrowed a few wagons to bring
down some subsistence. I am now hard at work endeavoring to subsist
my command.
After receiving your note of yesterday, I immediately ordered Colonel
Voss to send a squadron of his cavalry to Hagerstown, but I have
learned since that the Eighth New York Cavalry were there, which was
detached or ordered away from here on yesterday, and countermanded
the order.
I will forward you a proper return of my brigade as soon as I can
make it out. I have given you a rough aggregate, which, I hope, may
answer at present.
One full regiment of my brigade (the Sixth Maryland) and four pieces
of artillery, Captain Alexanders battery, attached to my command, I
learn are at the Monocacy Junction, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, where
they have been detained, as I understand, by orders from Major-General
Wool. It would add materially to the strength and morale of my bri-
gade to have them with me. All is comparatively quiet here and above.
A strong picket of the enemy is posted immediately opposite the town,
on the river bank at the ford.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN R. KENLY,
Brigadier- General Vols., Comdg. at Williamsport
Page 358
358 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 25, 186210 a. m. (Received 3 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
My scouts, which have been out yesterday and this morning, report the
enemy in force behind Shepherdstown, and every person who comes
across the Potomac gives the same account of the position of the rebels
in large force npon the Opequon Creek, some 3 miles above its mouth.
A young man who arrived here this morning from Winchester states
that there were but few troops in the vicinity of that place on Monday.
The young man saw no troops moving to or from Winchester. I am
keeping out my scouts in every direction.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 25, 186211.30 a. m. (Received 3 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
In view of operating from Harpers Ferry, or from any point this side,
I would prefer that Sigels corps shouild move to a point on the Fred-
erick and Knoxville turnpike, to encamp as near Knoxville as the ground
will permit. This is the first good camping place below Harpers Ferry,
and the troops can be supplied by rail. The pontoon bridge is laid at
Harpers Ferry. GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 25, 18628.30 p. m. (Received 10.15.)
Major-General HALLECK, General-in-Chief:
Nothing new since my dispatch of this morning, except that the wife
of a Confederate officer, who arrived in Sharpsburg to-day from Virginia,
told her fathera Union manthat the entire rebel army which was left
from the battle of the 17th instant was still opposite us, awaiting re-
enforcements from Gordonsville; that the rebels expected to give us
another battle between here and Winchester, and were anxious for us
to cross the river.
GEG. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 25, 1813210.35 a. m.
Brigadier-General STONEMAN, Poole8ville, Md.:
The following telegram was received from General McClellan, and is
furnished for your information:
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF TIlE POTOMAC, September 24, 1862.
General N. P. BAxKS:
In reply to your dispatch of the 22d, I should not think it advisable to withdraw
Stoneman from his present position until we are ablo to learn something more of the
designs and movements of the enemy now in our front. I will keep you advised.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
R.ICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain and Aide-dc-Camp
Page 359
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 359
IIEADQLTARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 25, 186212 m.
Brig. Gen. GEORGE STONEMAN, PoolesviUe:
The following is communicated for your information:
HEADQUARTERS,
Arlington, September 25, 15626.45 a. m.
Captain IRWIN,
Acting Assistant Adjutant-General:
Captain Biugham, sent from General Sigels headquarters to capture a lieutenant
and 14 men, on the Leesburg turnpike, patrolled carefully the road as far as Goose
Creek without finding any trace of the enemy or their pickets. They encamped for
the night, and the next morning (yesterday) charged into and through the town of
Leesburg, examining the hospital, & c., but found no one except the sick and their
attendants.
S. P. HEINTZELMAN,
Major-General.
iRLCHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
(Same to General McClellan.)
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 25, 186212.40 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Headquarters Army of the Potomac:
Orders will be at once issued to send the two companies of heavy
artillery to Harpers Ferry. I do not think the Eighteenth Maine can
well be spared at present, as Milroys brigade has just been detached
for service in Western Virginia, and four new regiments are to go to
Fort Monroe, both nuder orders received yesterday from the General-
in.Chief. The new troops come in very slowly indeed. To cover the
expedition to Bristoe to capture the engines, I have this morning ad.
vanced the remainder of Sigels corps to Fairfax Court-House, to fall
back to its former position when the expedition returns.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General, Commanding.
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
September 26, 1862. (Sent 1.40 p. in.)
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
General Kelleys headquarters were, at last accounts, at Cumberland.
General Wool was directed to instruct him to obey your orders for the
purpose of co-operation, without regard to department lines. Before
more troops are moved from here into the field, we ought to have a full
understanding in regard to your future operations. As I now under-
stand, you propose to cross the Potomac at or above Harpers Ferry,
and move up the valley. Will not this line again expose Washington,
and compel us to keep a large force here 0? The enemy is repairing
bridges on the IRapidan and Happahannock, preparatory to throwing a
force on Washington, if it should not be properly protected. Cannot
your army move, so as to cover Washington, by keeping between it and
the enemy 0? I particularly wish your views on this subject. Very fe
Page 360
360 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXI.
troops have arrived within the last ten days. A part of Sigels corps
has been sent to Western Virginia, and I think ten new regiments to
General Dix. As soon as yonr plans are fully agreed on, other troops
will be sent to you.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
WASHINGTON, D. (3., September 26, 1862.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Commanding, & c.:
GENERAL: Your telegram in relation to reconstructing bridges at
Harpers Ferry was received yesterday. As I telegraphed to you this
morning, the War Department wishes to be informed more definitely of
your plans before authorizing the expenditure of large sums of money
for rebuilding bridges on the Potomac. Of course, your movements
must depend in a measure upon the position and movements of the
enemy; nevertheless they will be subordinate to a general plan. With.
out knowing your plan and your views on this subject, I cannot answer
the questions which are asked me by the Government. I had hoped
that, instead of crossing at Harpers Ferry (unless in the pursuit of a
beaten army), you would be able to cross lower down the Potomac, so
as to cover Washington by your line of operations, and thus avoid the
necessity of keeping a large force here. In your present position the
enemy threatens both your army and the capital. Will the crossing of
your forces at Harpers Ferry relieve the latter 0? It will if the enemy
is at Martinsburg; but will it if his main force falls back on Winches-
ter I Moreover, his repairing the bridges over the Rapidan and Rap-
pahannock would seem to indicate an attempt to reoccupy Manassas, or
at least to threaten Washington from that direction. The number of
troops to be left here will depend upon the amount of protection to be
afforded by your army in the field.
You ask for Sigels corps and twenty new regiments to be sent to
Harpers Ferry, and also additional old troops. If your movements are
to be such as to cover Washington, this number, and perhaps, in a few
days, more, can be sent to you; but, if otherwise, we should be careful
not to weaken this point too much, especially while the troops here
are so very raw.
It seems to me that Washington is the real base of operations, and
that it should not under any circumnsta:mces be cxpose(l.
Please state your plans as fully as possible.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. W. HALL ECK
General-in- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 26, 186210.30 p. m. (Received 12 midnight.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
I have just returned from Maryland Heights, and have determined to
fortify them, as well as the heights on the opposite side of the river, in
order to avoid a similar catastrophe to the one which happened to Colo-
nel Miles. In view of this, I shall be glad to have contrabands sent to
Harpers Ferry from Washington to perform a portion of the necessar
Page 361
CHir. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 361
labor, if there are any disposable. The position of the enemy opposite
us seems to remain as it was at the date of my last dispatch, except
that he seems to have extended his pickets up the Potomac, above
Williamsport.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HARPERs FERRY, 8eptemb~er 26, 1862.
General MARCY, Chief of Staff:
Just received the following:
I arrived at this point on the Charlestown road. Two miles from Charlestown I
find the enemys pickets scattered through the country. I have driven them before
me thus far. My advance guard report artillery in front of Charlestown, and the scout
I sent out on my right from this point reports a large body of the enemyinfantry,
cavalry, and artilleryabout 1 mile. I dont deem it prudent to advance farther with
my command, and shall fall back to within about l~ miles of your camp. Please sendi
this on to General Pleasonton.
C. J. WHITING,
Major, Second Cavalry.
SUMNER,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 26, 1862.
Major-General WOOL, Baltimore, Md.:
Major-General McClellan has been directed, while operating on the
Upper Potomac, to use any troops in his vicinity without regard to de-
partment lines. Please instruct General Kelley to communicate with
General McClellan, and to obey such orders as he may give him.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY CORPS,
Baltimore, September 26, 1862[9.30].
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Headquarters Army of the Potomac:
GENERAL: The following telegram has just been received from Colo-
nel Campbell, Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Volunteers, dated Sir Johns
Run:
I cannot longer hold my position on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, unless re-
enforced. The rebels are advancing up the road. They are in strong force at
Hedgesville and North Mountain. My regiments are the only Union troops between
North Mountain and South Branch of the Potomac.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Near Sharpsburg, Md., September 26, 186211 a. m.
(Received 12.20 p. in.)
General JOHN E. WooL,
Commanding, Baltimore:
Your dispatch of 9.30 a. in. received. In case Colonel Campbell is
threatened by a large force at Sir Johns Run, I would suggest that h
Page 362
362 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA, MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XX~.
be directed to fall back on Hancock or Cuinberlaud. At Cumberland
General Kelley has three regiments of infantry and a battery. Besides
this, Colonel NlcReynolds, at 4 p. m. yesterday, arrived there with two
regiments of cavalry and a horse battery, and will proceed toward
Romney.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN.
HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY Cones,
Col. J. M. CAMPBELL, Baltimore, September 26, 1862.
P~fty-fourth Pennsylvania 7ols., Sir Johns Run, Va.:
COLONEL: Your dispatch is received. If threatened by a large force,
you will fall back on Cumberland.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
1862.
Maj. Gen. HORATIO G. WRIGHT, Washington, September ~6
Cincinnati, Ohio:
Brigadier-General Milroy has, by direction of the President, been
sent with his brigade to Point Pleasant. He will be (lirected to report
to you by letter. At present General McClellan is authorized to use
the troops in Western Virginia within his reach without regard to lines
of department.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in. Chief.
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
Major-General MCCLELLAN, September27, 18621.15 p. m.
Headquarters Army of the Potomac:
Make requisition for contrabands on Brigadier-General Wadsworth,
military governor of Washington, who will be directed to send them as
you may require. Please send report of your recent battles as soon as
possible.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 27, 1862.
Major-General HALLECK:
Your dispatch of 1.15 p. m. to-day is just received, upon my return from
Harpers Ferry. I have made a requisition for 2,000 contrabands on Brig.
adler-General Wadsworth, as directed. My preliminary report of the re-
cent battles is very nearly ready; the delay has been with the corps coin-
manders, who have not all yet furnished the number of killed, wounded,
and missing in those actions in their respective commands, nor the num-
ber of cannon, colors, and prisoners taken by them. Not a day, hardly
an honi, has elapsed since the recent battles that I have not called again
and again for these reports, and been again and again assured that they
would be promptly furnished. The corps coinnianders have encountere
Page 363
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 363
the same delays and disappointments in getting prompt and accurate re-
turns from their subordinates. I have been unwilling to report approxi-
mately the number of prisoners, cannon, and colors captured, fearing
lest, when the returns were made, such report might prove an exagger-
ated one.
I trust to be able to furnish you a correct report very speedily
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HAGERSTOWN, MD., September 27, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
There is no change of the position of the enemy about Martinsburg.
The railroad bridge across the Opequon, 2 miles east from Martinsburg,
was fired yesterday. The railroad bridge over Back Creek has been
destroyed. They have a heavy picket force at Cherry Run, on the Poto-
mac. No force of the enemy this side of Hancock, on the Maryland
side.
W. W. ROWLEY,
Lieutenant and Acting Signal Officer.
[SEPTEMBER 27, 1862.]
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN:
I communicate the following, for your information:
HEADQUARThRS ELEVENTH CoRPs,
Fairfax Court-Biou8e, September 27, 18628 p. ni.
(Received 10.20 p. in.)
Major-General BANKS,
Commanding Defenses at Washington:
My scouts report that there is no force of the rebels either at Aldie or Thoroughfare
Gap or Gainesville, with the exception of small cavalry pickets; the scouts having
entered these places by driving in the enemys pickets. It is evident that the enemy
has sent all his available forces toward Paris or Ashbys Gap. All the sick, wounded,
and stragglers are sent to Culpeper. The arms reported to be at Gainesville have
been removed from there five days ago in three railroad cars toward Front Royal.
Warrenton is reported to be occupied by 2,000 men, many of them sick and wounded.
The scouts sent to Warrenton and Warrenton Junction have not returned. Shall
send report when they return. General Stahel, with the 600 cavalry sent to me, has
left Centreville this morning for Brentsville, and another cavalry force has gone to
Gainesville. Colonel McLean has not sent a report since he left Bristoe. I will have
one to-morrow morning.
F. SIGEL,
Major-General.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General, Commanding.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 27, 1862.
Maj. Gen. JOHN E. WOOL, Baltimore, Md.:
If there is no regiment guarding railroads that can be spared, ask
Governor Curtin for a regiment of volunteers. It was supposed that,
under existing circumstances, the guards on the railroads could be dimin-
ished with safety.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief
Page 364
364 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXL
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, September 27 186~
(tltimorC, Md.:
Maj. Gen. JoHN E WOOL B
The Secretary of War directs that you send a regiment of volunteers
to Wilmington, to guard powder-mills, in place of Colonel Eakins regi-
men t of Pennsylvania militia.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chkf.
BALTIMORE, September 27, 18629.25 a. m.
General MCCLELLAN, Sharpsburg, Md.:
Last evening I ordered Brigadier-General Kelley, at Cumberland, to
report to you for orders, and Colonel Campbell to fall back on Cumber-
land, if he should be attacked by a large force. He, of course, is sub-
ject to your orders.
JOHN E. WOOL,
Major- General; Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 28, 18621 p. m. (Received 4.50 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK:
Heavy lines of dust were seen last evening, extending from Martins-
burg toward Winchester, along the turnpike. Whether this was caused
by marching troops or the passage of supply trains I have not as yet
been able to determine. I shall probably be able to get more informa-
tion upon the subject today.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 28, 186210.30 p. m. (Received 11.25 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
Several reports have been made to me this evening that the main rebel
army is retreating from the vicinity of Martin sburg in the direction of
Winchester. I shall send out strong reconnaissance in the morning to
test the truth of these reports.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
FAIRVIEW, MD.,
Via Chambersburg, Pa., September 28, 18626 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Sharpsburg, Md.:
The enemy has fallen back from Martinsburg, toward Winchester,
about 10 miles. Their camp is near Bunker Hill and Darkesville.
W. W. ROWLEY,
Lieutenant and Acting Signal Officer
Page 365
CHAP. XXXI. I CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 365
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 28, 18G2.
Brig. Gen. LORENZO THOMAS,
Adjutant-General, U. S. Army:
GENERAL: The reduced condition of the old regiments, and the futility
of dependence upon the recruiting service for the replenishing of their
rai~ks, l)oints to the necessity of earnest endeavor to collect all the ab-
sent officers an(l men belonging to these organizations. I am aware
that this subject has already occupied the attention of the War Depart-
ment; but lam now more especially alluding to the class of absentees
employed on extra duty in the hospital and other staff departments of
the Army, who are the most valuable of the absentees (for many absent
men ~re runaways), an(l who can be sent to their regiments now with-
out difficulty, inasmuch as their places can be readily supplied from new
troops. 1 am now getting together stragglers and convalescents from
hospitals, and if I could get extra-duty men also, a very considerable
addition would be made to the diminished ranks of the old regiments.
In order to carry this into effect, I respectfully suggest that an order
be issued fixing a time, say the 15th of October, when all hospital at.
tendants and other extra-duty men shall be relieved and sent to the
convalescent camp at Alexandria, in depot, from which they can be
drawn and sent to their regiments as soon as a sufficient number have
accumulated to justify the sending for them. The order should prohibit
any officer retaining a soldier of the old regiments without the consent
of the War Department or of the commander of the army or depart-
ment to which the soldier belongs.
I suggest that every hospital and staff office be inspected within the
mouth of October, by, if necessary, scores of officers detailed for the
purpose, to ferret out the old soldiers hidden away therein. Such an
inspection would produce more fruit in one week than the recruiting
service can in three months.
And, finally, I suggest to the XVar Department the employment of the
deputy provost-marshals throughout the North, more particularly in
the arrest of deserters. Convalescent soldiers leave hospitals, and have
done so for the past year, and return home habitually. It is the ex-
perience of every army commander that not more than a tenth of the
soldiers who are left behind sick ever rejoin. A regiment here, which
has been employed pretty much during the whole year as depot guard,
has had in the course of the year some 500 sick sent to hospitals in the
rear. Of these it has received back some 15 or 20. The stragglers,
too, are numerous in every division of the army; many of these desert.
The States of the North are flooded with deserters, absentees, & c. One
corps of this army has 13,000 and odd men present and 15,000 and odd
absent; of this 15,000, 8,000 probably are at work at home, deserters.
They can be secured and returned, and I beg that the fullest exercise
of the power of the Government may be devoted, if necessary, to the
accomplishment of this end. It will have the happiest result in swelling
the ranks of the old regiments, and in ~)reventing their future reduc-
tion.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
P. S.Since writing the above, General Orders, No. 140, of September
2-1,1862, has come to my notice. The Department has, therefore, an-
ticipated my suggestions with regard to the employment of deputy
provost-marshals
Page 366
366 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 28, 186210 p. in.
General E. V. SUMNER,
Gommanding harpers Ferry:
Reports from several sources go to show that the rebel army is re-
treating from the vicinity of Martinsburg. To get reliable information
upon this subject, the commanding general desires you to send out a
cavalry reconnaissance, as far as it can safely be done, toward Charles-
town to-morrow morning, to ascertain, if practicable, whether the enemy
is moving toward Winchester. Please report the result on the return
of the party.
B. B. MARCY,
Chief of & aff
HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,
Washington, September 28, 1862.
Major-General BANKS, 61ommanding, & e.:
GENERAL: The General-in-Chief directs that twenty regiments of
new troops be sent by railroad to Frederick, to report to Major-General
McClellan, commanding.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. C. KELTON,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 28, 1862.
General WADSWORTH:
GENERAL: The Secretary of War directs that you fill, as far as pos-
sible, the requisitions of Major-General McClellan for negro laborers to
work on intrenchinents, & c., at Harpers Ferry.
Very respectfully,
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 29, 1862.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Headquarters Army of the Potomac:
If the regiments of new troops ordered to Frederick to report to you
ought to go direct to Harpers Ferry or elsewhere, please telegraph to
General Banks.
Why not march these troops?
H. W. HALLECK,
General.in. Chief.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 29, 186210 p. ni.
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
A cavalry reconnaissance was made to-day to Shepherdstown and
about 5 miles beyond, in the direction of Martinsburg. The enemy
Page 367
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.TJNION. 367
pickets were driven from Shepherdstown and along the road, until a
considerable force of infantry and artillery were encountered in position.
The reconnoitering party found the rebel wounded occupying many of
the houses in Shepherdstown and along the road, and about 600 are re-
ported as having been paroled during the day.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. 266. f Camp near Sharpsburg, September 29, 1862.
* * * * * * *
VIII. Brig. Gen. J. F. Reynolds, having joined this army from de-
tached service, is assigne(l temporarily to the command of the First
Army Corps.
* * * * * * *
XI. The chief of cavalry will assign to each army corps for duty, as
orderlies and messengers, one company of cavalry, and as many addi-
tional companies as there are divisions in the corps. Orderlies for bri-
gade commanders will be taken from the cavalry assigned to the corps.
It is to be distinctly understood that this assignment is to be a perma-
nent one, and that no exchange will be allowed. All the rest of the
cavalry of this army will be formed into brigades, and held in hand for
service when it may be required. When a part of the cavalry is sent
for special service in front of a corps, its operations will be conducted
by the cavalry officer in charge, after consultation with the corps com-
mander. It shall be the duty of this cavalry officer to keep the corps
eommander constantly advised of his own movements, as well as of
those of the enemy, and to see that no unreliable information is for-
warded. After performing such special duty, the commander of the de-
tachment will report to the chief of cavalry for instructions. Cavalry
detached for temporary duty with an army corps will receive special
instructions from these headquarters for its observance while so em-
ployed.
XII. The batteries of horse artillery are placed under the orders of
the chief of cavalry, who will, from time to time, make such assign-
ments of them to the cavalry brigades as may, in his judgment, seem
best for the service.
* * * * * * *
XIV. Brig. Gen. James Nagle will report for duty to Maj. Gen. A. E.
Buruside, commanding Ninth Corps.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
[S. WILLIAMS,]
Assistant Adjutant- General.
GENERAL ORDERS, ~ IIDQRS. FIRST CORPS, ARMY OF POTOMAC,
No. 7. f Camp near Sha.rpsburg, September 29, 1862.
I. In conformity with Special Orders, No. 266, from lleadquarter~
Army of the Potomac, the undersigned assumes temporary command.
of the First Corps of the Army of the Potomac. Brig. Gen. George G-
Meade will reassume the command of the Third Division.
IL The following-named officers are announced as the staff of th
Page 368
368 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [ChAP. XXXI.
commanding general: Lient. Charles B. Lamborn, aide-de-cainp and act-
ing assistant adjutant-general; Lient. William Riddle,, aide de-camp;
Capt. Robert H. Lamborn, acting aide-de-camp; Col. 0. S. Wainwright,
chief of artillery; Lieut. Col. J. M. San(lerson chief of commissary de-
l)artment; Capt. F. Lowry, chief of quartermasters department; Surg.
P. Pineo, c.hief of medical department.
JOHN F. REYNOLDS,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Corps.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 29, 1862.
Maj. Gen. N. P. BANKs, Washington, D. C.:
Please inform me how many new regiments are now disposable for
this army, and whether wagons can be had for the transportation of the
supplies, & c., if they march to Harpers Ferry.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
lllajor. General.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
September 29, 18621.15 p. m.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Headquarters Army of the Potomac:
The twenty regiments which I am now sending you, will leave, ex-
clusive of the permanent garrisons, but three regiments on the lines of
defense north of the Potomac and ope which has just arrived under
Casey. General Casey is under orders from General Halleck to send
two more regiments to Fort Monroe. These four regiments are the only
troops disposable north of the Potomac without removing the garrisons.
The troops on the other side consist of the Third and Eleventh Corps,
Whipples division, and the cavalry, besides the permanent garrisons
of the norks. Eight thousand of the troops to go to Frederick will get
off to-day; all, I am informed, by to-morrow night. They are to go by
railway to Frederick.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON
September 29, 1862.
Regiments ordered to Frederick, under command of Brig. Gen. Henry S. Brigg8, U~ S. Army.
Regiments. Co!onels. Strength. To whom assigned.5
20th Connecticut Samuel Ross 1 017 Williams.
21st Connecticut Arthur H. Dutton I 960 Burnside.
isth Maine Frederick D. Sewall ~:: 916 Sumner.
57th Massachusetts Oliver Edwards I 971 Couch.
24th Michigan I Henry A. Mom-row 898 Reynolds.
10th New Rampshire Michael T. Donohoo 060 Bnrnside.
11th New Hampshire Walter Harriman -- 1, 030 Burnaide.
15th New Jersey Samuel Fowler 585 Fianklin.
21st New Jersey I Gilham Fall Houten 895 Franklin.
* But see Special Orders, No. 30, Headquarters Army of the Potomac, September 30,
lS6i~
Page 369
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.--UNION. 369
Regiments ordered to Frederick, 4~c.Continued.
Regiments. Colonels. Strength. To whom assigned.5
23d NewJersey John S. Cox 1,013 Franklin.
26th New Jersey .. Andrew J. Morrison 996 Franklin.
123d New York Archibald L. McDougall. . 983 Williams.
137th New York (David Ireland] 946 Williams.
140th New York... - Louis Ernstt . 947 Williams.
145th New York 886 Williams.
149th New York. John M. Strong t 904 Williams.
121st Pennsylvania Chapman Biddle 770 Reynolds.
136th Pennsylvania Thomas M. Bayne 859 :Reynolds.
i42d Pennsylvania Robert P. Cniumins 868 Reynolds.
7th Rhode Island Zenas R. Bliss 963 Burnaide.
Total 18,667
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
SHARPSBURG, September 29, 1862,
Major.General BAYIKS, Washington, D. C.:
Telegram received. From best information in my possession, enemy
still in force between Winchester and Martinsburg; chiefly near latter.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 29, 1862.
General KELLEY,
Commanding, Cumbertand:
Colonel MclReynolds reports that you gave him orders to fall back to
New Creek, when he had an important service which he was about per-
forming. If you merely intended this as a measure of safety to Colonel
McReynolds command, in view of the approach of a large force of the
enemy, it was all right; but otherwise the commanding general does not
wish you to exercise any control over the movements of Colonel McRey-
nolds, as he has a specific duty to perform. You will please report to
these headquarters all movements of the enemy, and everything else
of importance that occurs within the limits of your command.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
NEW CREEX, VA., September 29, 1862.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Harpers Ferry, Va.:
I have been directed, by telegram from Major-General Wool, to com-
municate with you, and obey any orders you may be pleased to give.
I hope to be pardoned for saying that I am exceedingly gratified at
being again subject to your immediate orders, and only regret my
health is such as to prevent my rendering you the official service that I
could wish. It is rumored that a large cavalry and artillery force left
* Bat see Special Orders, No. 30, Headquarters Army of the Potomac, September 30,
1862.
Lieutenant-colonel.
24 R RYOL XIX, PT I
Page 370
370 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
Martinsburg on Saturday, at 2 p. in., in direction of Romney; am not
prepared to say that this is reliable. I am also advised this morning
that the enemy is moving from the Kanawha toward Clarksburg, the
front of their column, 3,000 strong, occupying Sutton. it is evidently the
object of the Confederate authorities to destroy the Baltimore and Ohio
Railroad, and reoccupy Western Virginia. May I suggest that, if con-
sistent with your plans, Cumberland, Md., and this point be strengthened
by troops thrown from WiLliamsport, as I will most probably be coin-
pelled to concentrate the greater portion of my force at Clarksburg, to
repel General Loring, who is moving from the Kanawha ~
Colonel McReynolds First New York Cavalry, with portions of two
regiments of cavalry, arrived here Saturday, having been ordered here
on a reconnaissance by General Pleasonton. If you can spare them,
I would be pleased to have them remain for a time, as I greatly need a
cavalry force.
B. F. KELLEY,
Brigadier.General.
NEW CREEK, VA., September 29, 1862.
Colonel WHIPPLE, Baltimore, Md.:
I am advised that a large cavalry and artillery force left Martinsbu.rg
on Saturday, in the direction of iRomney. Whether this is reliable or
not, I am not prepared to say. After receiving this information, how.
ever, I deemed it prudent to order back an expedition, which started to
drive out Imboden, who is said to be a few miles above Moorefield, with
some 700 or 800 guerrillas.
I received, this morning, information from Colonel Harris, Tenth Vir.
ginia, at Bulltown, that the enemy is moving across from Kanawha
toward Clarksburg, and the head of the column had reached Sutton,
Braxton County, 3,000 strong. I think it is evident from the message
of Governor Letcher and the recent action of Confederate leaders, that
their object is to totally destroy the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and to
recapture Western Virginia. To prevent the accomplishment of this
l)urpose, additional troops should be sent into Western Virginia at once.
May I respectfully suggest that, to insure success in driving the rebels
out of Western Virginia, concert of action between this and the Kanawha
district is absolutely necessary I
B. F. KELLEY,
Brigadier- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF TIlE POTOMAC,
September 29, 1862.
General E. V. SUMNER, Harpers Perry:
The commanding general desires that you will at once cause the
country about Harpers Ferry, on both sides of the river, to be thor-
oughly scoured by parties of cavalry, for the purpose of arresting all
marauders and stragglers that may be found on the highway, in the
fields, in the woods, or in or about the dwellings of the inhabitants. It
is feared that many of our men have absented themselves from their
regiments, and are actually living upon the people of the country.
All marauders and stragglers that your l)arties may find, the com-
manding general wishes you to have promptly brought to trial.
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General
Page 371
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNJON. 371
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 30, [1862]10.45 p. m.
General E. V. SUMNER,
Commanding Harpers Ferry:
General Stoneman reports from Poolesville this afternoon that a man
from Hamilton, Va., informed him that last night there passed down
from Winchester to Leesburg, on the turnpike, one regiment of cavalry
and four pieces of artillery. He is informed that to-day and to-morrow
are the days set for collecting conscripts in Loudoun County. In view of
this, the general commanding desires you to send out toward Leesburg
to-morrow morning a brigade of infantry, with a battery of artillery, and
sufficient cavalry to scout the roads well in front and on the right flank
as they advance, and if the rebel force remains at Leesburg, to attack
it, and capture or drive it away. The cavalry should be kept sufficiently
far out on the right flank to give notice of the approach of any large
force from the direction of Winchester, to give time for our troops to
fall back to Harpers Ferry, or to cross the river below, if necessary.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
September 30, 186210 a. m. (Received 12.15 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
General.in.Chief:
From all the information I can obtain, I am satisfied that the mass of
the rebel army has left Martinsburg and marched forWinchester, where.
it is said, they will make a stand and await our approach. They have
been forcing every man they could find, capable of bearing arms, into
their ranks. They have compelled the farmers to bring their grain to
their army, and they have thereby caused great dissatisfaction among
the people of Northern Virginia.
GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,
Major- General.
WASHINGTON, D. C., September 30, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
Information received to-day confirms the report that the enemy is
massing a strong force at Culpeper.
II. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
NEAR SHARPSBURG, September 30, 1862.
General MEIGS:
There are very competent quartermasters at Harpers Ferry, as well
as at Frederick and Hagerstown. The roads so far have not forwarded
supplies as promptly as required, particularly the Cumberland Valley
Railroad, which disappointed us greatly. Doubtless they will improve.
There are provost-marshals at the railroad stations to see that no im-
proper persons go on the cars. it is not the business of our quarter-
masters. I have requested that the provost-marshals be made to per
form their duty. RUFUS INGALLS,
Brigadier-General, Chief Quartermaste
Page 372
372
OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAr. XXXI.
0
[Indorsement.]
OCTOBER 2, 1862.
Send copy to Mr. Garrett, saying that a telegram from William Pre~-
cott Smith, desiring a quartermaster to be stationed at Sandy Hook,
was referred to General Ingalls, chief quartermaster of the Army of the
Potomac, for such action as may be proper.
The Quartermaster-General cannot supply captains of the Quarter.
masters Department for every post where they might be desirable.
M. C. MEIGS.
HEADQUARTERS RAILROAD DISTRICT,
New Creek, Va., September 30, 1862.
Col. H. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff, Bid qrs. Army of Potomac, Harpers Ferry, Va.:
COLONEL: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your tele-
grani of to~day,* and fearing that the telegram of Colonel MeReynolds
may have caused the commanding general to misapprehend my action,
1 respectfully ask to submit the following statement of facts:
I certainly did not expect or desire to assume command of Colonel
McReynolds forces without orders. I have been anxious to attack and
rout Colonel Imboden, who was encamped near Moorefield, Hardy
County, with some 700 or 800 mounted Partisan Rangers; but having
only three companies of cavalry at my command, and it being impracti-
cable to operate with infantry, my force was too small to accomplish it.
It was snggested to Colonel McReynolds that, if it did not conflict with
his orders, he should go up to Mooretield and rout Imboden, and that,
to assist him, I would furnish him with my three companies of cavalry
and one section of a battery; to which proposition he acceded. It was
then arranged that Colonel McReynolds should move from Cumberland,
Md., one of my detachments from New Creek, and one from Green Spring,
each detachment to arrive at the junction of the Moorefield and Romney
road at 4 oclock on Saturday, p. in., 27th, and the body to move from
there when it would become dark, and attack enemy at daylight Sun.
day morning. Colonel MeReynolds, however, did not arrive with his
advance until 11 oclock at night, and consequently it was impossible
for the expedition to arrive at Moorefield at the designated time. Mes.
sengers were sent back advising me that Colonel MeReynolds had de-
termined to wait until Sunday evening before moving forward; but in
the mean time I had received a telegram advising me of the movement
of the enemy from Martinsburg, with a large force of cavalry and artil-
lery, toward Romney, and being satisfied that the rebels, under Colonel
Imboden, were fnlly advised in regard to our approaching force, I (lis-
patched, by messenger, the order, a copy of which is herewith forwarded.
This order was handed to Colonel McReynolds, while yet at the jtinction,
at 7.30 oclock in the evening. It will, I hope, be readily perceived that
this order was the result of a belief, well founded, that the expedition
would result in a failure, so far as the capture of the rebel force was con-
cerned, as well as of an apprehension for the safety of the command. I
further trust that when the commanding general is made acquainted
with all the facts and circumstances, my action in time premises will not
be disapproved.
1 am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
B. F. KELLEY,
Brigadier- General.
* Of September 29. See p. 369
Page 373
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 373
[Inclosure.]
NEw CREEK, VA., September 28, 1862.
Colonel MOREYNOLDS,
First New York Cavalry, Comdg. Expedition:
COLONEL: I have just received information that a large cavalry and
artillery force left Martinsburg yesterday at 2 p. in., on the road to Horn-
ney and Moorefield. I regret exceedingly you did not go forward last
night, as I now fear your CXl)editiOn will be an utter flullure. If this
reaches you before you leave the junction, you will fall back to this place
at once; if not, as soon as you have accomplished the object of your ex-
pedition, you will move at once from Moorefield across to Williamsport,
and thence into the New Creek Valley and down it, to this place. Cap.
tam Firey can pilot you. I will send forage, and rations to meet you at
Greenland.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
B. F. KELLEY,
Brigadier- General.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. 267. ~ Camp near Sharpsburg, September 30, 1862.
* * * * * * *
VII. Brig. Gen. Edward Ferrero, volunteer service, is assigned to duty
with the Ninth Corps. He will report without delay to Maj. Gen. A. E.
Burnside, commanding Ninth Corps.
* * * * * * *
X. The following new regiments, now en ronte for Frederick, are as-
signed to corps as follows:
FIRST Conrs (Hookers), near Sharpsbnrg, Md.
24th Michigan. 136th Pennsylvania.
121st Pennsylvania (Gibbons brigade). 142d Pennsylvania.
SECOND CORPS (Sumners), Harpers Ferry.
19th Maine (Howards brigade).
SIXTH CORPS (Franklins), Bakersville, Md.
15th New Jersey. 23d New Jersey.
21st New Jersey. 26th New Jersey.
NINTH CORPS (Burnsides).
21st Connecticnt. 11th New Hampshire.
10th New Hampshire. 7th Rhode Island
TwELFTH CORPS (Banks).
[20th Connecticut 1 140th New York.
123d New York. 145th New York.
137th New York. 149th New York.
* Assigned October 1
Page 374
374 OPElIATIONS IN N. VA,, W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXL
Coucns DIVISION, Sixth Corps, Bakersvillo.
37th Massachusetts.
* * * L * * * *
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
Statement 8howing the number of men composing tite Army of the Potomac on the 30th day of
September, 1562.
8 8
a ~
p-,,. a8
CS
a
0
CS~. ~~1- -~ ,~
u0 ~ sr I
a,- ~ a
P~ C-C~C-. ~
~ ~
bL n, nj
.~ -~
General McClellan and staff, & c 1, 171 266 1, 0:37 2, 474
General Reynolds, First Corps 14, 102 2,014 15, 971 32, 087
General Sumner, Second Corps 15, 175 3,159 13, 315 31, 852
General F. J. Porter, Fifth Corps 17, 268 3,268 11, 152 31, 688
General Franklin, Sixth Corps 22, 568 2,937 1:1,907 39,412
General Buraside, Ninth Corps 15, 361 2,473 9, 964 27, 798
General A. 5. Williams, Twelfth Corps 8,383 1,6:12 7,144 17, 159
General Pleasonton, Cavalry Division 4, 143 515 2, 628 7, 686
Colonel Allen. Frederick City 1,052 343 811 2,206
Major Scott. Boonsborongh .. 318 41 83 442
General ranks, Defenses of Washington, including Third 73, 601 13, 810 25, 744 111, 155
and Eleventh Corps.
Grand total 173,745 28,458 101,756 303,959
ADJUTANT-GENERALS OFFICE,
Ua8hinqton, D. 0., February 27, 1863.
it is Ilereby certified that the preceding statement is accurately corn-
l)iled from the morning report of the 30th day of September, 1862,
signed by Major-General McClellan and his assistant adjutant-general,
Seth Williams, and now OIl file in this office.
L. THOMAS,
Adjutant- General.
GENERAL ORDERS, HEAD QUARTERS ARMY OF TIlE POTOMAC,
No. 158. f September 30, 1862,
Tile following extract from General Orders, iNo. 125, of May 18, 1862,
from these headquarters, is republished for the information of all con-
cerned, and a strict observance of its provisions is enjoined upon all
officers serving in this army:
II. The publication of official reports of military events, or the circulation of copies
of the same, for private purposes, in advance of their having reached tile War Depart-
ment, and of the authorization of their publicatiou by the Secretary of War, is improper
and utimilitary, and is strictly prohibited.
Official reports are the property of the Government; they cannot be published or
put in circillation without the consent of the proper authority.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WiLLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General
Page 375
375
CHAP. XXXI) CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
HEADQUARTERS, Washington, [September] 30, [1862]6.20.
General JOHN J. ABERCROMI3IE:
The colonel of the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry reports that Stuart
was crossing the Potomac at Harrisons [Island], 15 miles below Point of
Rocks, this afternoon at 2.~5O oclock. In view thereof, the major-gen-
eral comman(ling directs that you hold your two mobilized brigades in
readiness to move. They will be replace(l, if necessary, by troops from
this side. Further, the firing heard beyond Burkes is now reported as
being the troops discharging their pieces. You will dispatch an orderly
to Major Taggart with all this information, and direct him and the other
cavalry to return to their original positions.
Very respectfully, L. HU1~T,
Major and Acting Assistant Adjutant-General.
FAIRFAX C0URT-HOUSE, VA.,
September 30, 1862.
Major-General BANKS:
We have made over 1,200 prisoners at Warrenton, and paroled them.
General Stahel was at Salem and White Plains, and found no enemy
there. As I reported yesterday, there is a strong force of the enemy at
Culpeper. His cavalry is advancing against Warrenton.
F. SIGEL,
Major- General, Commanding.
POOLESYiLLE, MD., September 30, 1862.
Capt. RICHARD B. IRWIN,
Acting Assistant Adjutant- General:
A man, direct from Hamilton, Va., says that last night there passed
down from Winchester to Leesburg, on the turnpike, one regiment of
cavalry and four pieces of artillery. Hamilton is 6 miles from Lees-
burg. Another informant says 1,200 cavalry and two pieces. Cheering
was heard by our pickets last night in Leesburg, and commands given
were distinguished. I am informed that to-day and to.morrow are the
days set for collecting conscripts in Loudoun County.
GEORGE STONEMAN,
Brigadier-General.
HEADQUARTERS,
Williamsport [Md.], October 1, 18625 p. m.
General R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff, Army of the Potomac:
GENERAL: I have just received information, from a refugee who has
never yet given me false rumor, that the enemy has abandoned Bunker
Hill,and that there is nothing but a few pickets between there and here;
and, still further, that Hills, Longstreets, and Jacksons corps have gone
through Winchester, en route for Richmond; that one of Jacksons lieu-
tenants said that they went to Richmond to recruit, having been so much
cut up, & c.
He represents that Martinsburg is entirely abandoned, but that there
is an army corps (dont know wbose) at Winchester, and no force abov
Page 376
376 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., Mt~., AND PA. C11A~. ~kkt
me, except a few scouts. It is further stated that the corps above enu-
merated have gone through Gordonsville. I know not what credence
to give to this, but my informant believes it to be true.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN B. KENLY,
Brigadier-General, Commanding.
GENERAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. 159. f Camp near Sharpsburg, Md., October 1, 1862.
Notwithstanding the frequent orders that have been issued from these
headquarters in regard to stragglers and pillagers, the commanding
general regrets to be obliged again to call the attention of corps and
other subordinate commanders to this subject, and to impress upon them
the absolute necessity of holding the different commanders responsible
for this (lirect and flagrant violation of orders.
We are now occnpying a country inhabited by a loyal population,
who look to us for the preservation of order and discipline, instead of
suffering our men to go about in small parties, lawlessly depredating
upon their property.
Armed patrols will be sent out daily from all the different corps in
this army to arrest all officers and soldiers who are absent from the lim-
its of their camps without written permission from corps, division, or
brigade commanders. All persons so arrested will be sent the same day
to the provost-marshal-general, at these headquarters, who will, until
further orders, send them under a guard to Harpers Ferry, there to be
kept at work on the defenses of that place. In order that the require-
ments of this order may be perfectly understood by all concerned, corps
commanders will, within twenty-four hours after the receipt of this or-
der, furnish evidence to the commanding general, through the assistant
adjutant-general at these headquarters, that it has been published to
every company under their command.
The commanding general is i~esolved to put a stop to the pernicious
and criminal practices of straggling and marauding, and he will hold
corps commanders responsible for the faithful execution of this order.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
As8istant Adjutant- General.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
October 11, 18622.30 p. m.
Maj. Gen. S. P. HEINTZELMAN, Arlington:
General McClellan directs that Brig. Gen. Nelson Taylor report to him
in person, without delay. Please give him the order.
RICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
October 1, 18628 p. m.
Brig. Gen. S. WILLIAMS,
Asst. Adjt. Gen., Headquarter8 Army of the Potomac:
The last of the twenty regiments left here at 2 p. m.
N. P. BANKS,
Major-General
Page 377
~iHAP. XXXt~ CORftESPOND1~NCE, EtC.tJ~ION6
UPTONS HILL,
October 1, 1862. (Received 10.30 p. in.)
Major HUNT,
Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Arlington House:
Captain Taylor, First Pennsylvania Cavalry, has just returned from
near Leesburg. He reports having seen nothing, but learned from the
l)eople that night before last a large body of cavalry, some infantry and
artillery, passed through Leesbnrg, and some force is near Goose Creek.
Yours, & c.,
GEO. D. BAYARD,
Commanding Cavalry.
ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
No.1. f Uptons Hill, Va., October 1, 1862.
I. In pursuance of Special Orders, No. 18, Headquarters Defenses of
Washington, I hereby assume command of all the cavalry south of the
Potomac.
* * * * * * *
GEO. D. BAYARD,
Brigadier- General, Commanding Cavalry.
ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS CAVALRY DIVISION,
No.2. ~ Uptons Hill, Va., October 1, 1862.
I. For the present the division will be composed of three brigades,
with the following commanders, viz: First Brigade, Colonel Davies,
Second New York Cavalry, commanding; Second Brigade, Colonel
Price, Second Pennsylvania Cavalry, commanding; Third Brigade,
Colonel Beardsley, Ninth New York Cavalry, commanding.
II. The Tenth New York Cavalry, Captain Whitneys Independent
Company, and a squadron of the Twelfth Pennsylvania Cavalry are
assigned to Colonel Davies l)rigade.
III. First Licut. W. H. Patterson and Second Lieut. T. C. Lebo, First
Pennsylvania Cavalry, are hereby released from arrest, and will resume
their sabers and return to duty.
The commanding general trusts that this will be the last of this loiter.
ing around the city without proper passes.
By command of Brigadier-General Bayard, commanding cavalry:
H. C. WEIR,
Assistant Adjutant- General.
BALTIMORE, MD., October 1, 18623.20 p. in.
Major-General HALLECK:
Major-General Banks says that you have ordered the One hundred
and ninth New York Volunteers, at Annapolis Junction, to be placed
under his command. This belongs to the Middle Department, and this
regiment was placed there to protect the railroad from the Junction to
the Patuxent. This part of the road is too important to be neglected,
and does not come within the jurisdiction of Major-General Banks. The
First District of Columbia Regiment, to which he refers, I have never
considered under my command. We have three new regiments now
waiting for cars to go to Washington.
JOHN B. WOOL,
Major- General, Commanding
Page 378
878 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXI.
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HDQRS. OF THE ARMY, ADJT. GEN.S OFFICE,
No. 272. ~ Washington, October 1, 1862.
* * * * * * *
H. Brig. Gen. W. H. Emory, U. S. Volunteers, will report in person,
without delay, to Ma,jor.General Wool, at Baltimore Md.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major.General Halleck:
E. D. TOWNSEND,
Assistant Adjutant-General.
[OCTOBER 1,1862.For ilalleck to Wright, and reply, in reference to
troops for West Virginia, see Series I, Vol. XVI, Part II, pp. 561, 562.]
WASHINGTON, D. C., October 2, 1862.
Major.General MCCLELLAN:
It is reported that a largebody of the enemy was seen yesterday west
of Bull Run Mountains, between Aldie and Thorough Care Gaps.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGiNIA,
October 2, 1862.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Gommanding U. ~. Forces on the Potomac:
GENERAL: Maj. Gen. A. P. Hill, of the C. S. Army, who had charge of
the arrangements connected with the paroling of the prisoners at ilar.
pers Ferry on the 15th ultimo, permitted General White to have the use
of 27 wagons and teams, to carry the private baggage of the officers to
some point convenient for transportation.*
It was agreed to between these two officers that these wagons and
teams should be returned within our lines at Winchester in a few days,
or, if that place should be in the hands of the United States forces, then
to the nearest Confederate post. I think proper to make known to you
the above agreement, in order that some arrangement may be made for
the return of the wagons and teams.
I am, most respectfully, your obedient servant,
IR. E. LEE,
General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHiNGTON,
October 2, 186212 m.
General HALLECK:
FAIRFAX Counr-HoUsE---11.45 a. m.
Major-General HEINTZELMAN:
Major Knox was at Aldie yesterday with the Ninth New York Cavalry. Made an
attack on the town, and found a column of Stuarts cavalry at the bridge. He says
it was the rear gnard of Stuarts cavalry, who had come to Aldie (lay hefore yester-
day, and were on their march from Aldie to Middleburg. Probably this is the force
which came from Hopewell, and marched up to Aldie this side of Bull Run Mountain. I
send yon this morning two negroes from Winchester, with very interesting i nfo-ination.
* See Part I, p. 801
Page 379
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 379
They say a large portion of the enemys artillery has gone back to Strasburg; that
the enemy is not working on the intrencliments at Winchester, and that he has not
occupied the forts. He has not received many conscripts, and is suffering from want
of food.
The enemys pickets were at Bristoc Station this morning.
F. SIGEL,
Major-GeneraL
Respectfully forwarded, for the information of the General-in-Chief.
N. P. BANKS,
Major- General, Commanding.
FAIRYIEW, Mn., October 3, [1862].
Via Hagerstown, October 6, [1862]6 p. In.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN,
Headquarters:
Judging by camp smoke, the main force of the enemy is between
Martinsburg and Winchester, and in the same position as when last
reported.
W. W. ROWLEY,
Acting Signal Officer.
HEADQUARTERS FIFTH ARMY CORPS,
October 3, 1862.
General R. E. LEE,
Commanding Army of Northern Vir~qinia:
GENERAL: Major-General McClellan instructs me to inform you that
your communication of the 2d instant (relating to the vehicles provided
under special understanding with General White at Harpers Ferry)
was received by him on horseback at a distance from writing conven-
iences; that he will inquire into the circumstances, and see that the
stipulations are complied with at the earliest moment.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
F. J. PORTER,
Major- General, Commanding.
[OCTOBER 3, 1862.For General Orders, No. 160, Headquarters Army
of the Potomac of this date, see Part I, p. 182.]
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. 270. f Camp near Sharpsburg, October 3, 1862.
* * * * * * *
IV. Brig. Gen. W. W. Averell, U. S. Volunteers, is assigned to the
Cavalry Division, for duty with the brigade which he commanded as
colonel.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General
Page 380
380 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXt
SIGELS HEADQUARTERS, October 3, 18629.30 p. m.
Major-General HEINTZELMAN:
A party, under IAeut. E. Koenig, has just returned from Stevens-.
burg, near Culpeper. There are two regiments of cavalry, three of in-
fantry, and one battery of the enemy at the iRappahannock Station.
The rebels are at work at that bridge, which will probably be finished
by to-morrow night, in order to run three locomotives and the freight
cars over. There are about 2,000 wounded and sick at Culpeper, which
are removed as fast as possible. But few troops at Fredericksburg;
two companies of cavalry and three companies of infantry, about 300
men in all.
F. SIGEL,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS DEFENSES OF WASHINGTON,
october 3, 186211.10 p. m.
Brig. Gen. GEORGE STONEMAN, or
Col. J. H. HOBART WARD,
Commanding Corp8 of Observation, Poolesville:
General Sigel telegraphs from Fairfax Court-House, 9.40 p. in., that a
detachment of cavalry,just returned from Goose Creek, reports strong
cavalry force of enemy at or near Leesburg; also that scouts report no
force at Aldie or Thoroughfare Gaps orWarrenton.
IRICHD B. IRWIN,
Captain, Aide-de-Camp, and Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen.
NOTE TO OPERATOR.If not already communicated to General Mc-
Clellan, please send him a copy of the above.
[OCTOBER 3, 1862.For Peirpoint to Wright and reply, in reference
to operations in West Virginia, see Series I, Vol. XVI, Part ii, pp.
569, 570.]
WASHINGTON, ID. C., October 4, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
Brigadier-General Bayard reports rumors that General Longstreet is
moving to Leesburg, with intention to cross the river, while Jackson
holds you in check at Harpers Ferry. A considerable number of new
troops have arrived in the last few days, and can be sent into the field.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, D. C., October 4, 1862.
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
Brig. Gen. J. ID. Cox will be directed to repair immediately to Point
Pleasant and take command of operations on the Kanawha River.
H. W. HALLECK
General-in- OJhief.
[OCTOBER 4, 1862.For Halleck to Wright, and reply, in reference to
operations on the Kanawha, see Series I, Vol. XVI, Paj~t II, pp. 573, 574.
Page 381
CHAr. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 381
SPECIAL ORDERS, ~ HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. 271. Camp near Sharpsburg, October 4, 1862.
I. Brig. Gen. Nelson Taylor, volunteer service, will report for tern-
porary duty to Brig. Gen. J. F. Reynolds, commanding First Corps.
* * * * * * *
V. Brig. Gen. G. W. Getty, volunteer service, will report for duty to
Major-General Burnside, commanding Ninth Corps.
VI. Brio. Gen. Thomas L. Kane will report for duty to Brig. Gen. A.
S. Williams, commanding Twelfth Corps.
* * * * * * *
XIII. Pursuant to instructions which have been received from the
General.iu-Chief, Brig. Gen. J. D. Cox, volunteer service, will iinme-
diately repair to Point Pleasant and take command of operations on
the Kanawlia River.
XIV. Pursuant to authority from the War Department, the Seventh
Maine Regiment will proceed to Portland, Me., for the purpose of re-
cruiting and reorganization, under the direction of His Excellency the
Governor of Maine. On arriving at Portland, the regimental commander
will report by letter to the Governor for orders. The Quartermasters
Department will furnish the necessary transportation.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant-General.
POOLESYILLE, October 4, 18621.30 p. m.
Brigadier-General STONEMAK, Baltimore:
The following from General Bayard, through Washington:
The enemy picketing the line of Goose Creek; 1,100 cavalry now
there. Rumored that General Longstreet is coming down to cross the
Potomac at Great Falls, Jackson holding McClellan up the river in the
mean time. E. V. SUMNER, JR.,
Aide-de.Camp.
llEAD~uARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN YIRGrNIA,
October 4, 1862.
Maj. Gen. GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN, -
Commanding Army of the Potomac:
GENERAL: I have the honor to inclose a letter to Mrs. Philip Kearny,
and at the same time commit to your care the sword, horse, and saddle
of Major-General Kearny, which fell into our hands at the time of his
death. Mrs. Kearny expressed a great desire to obtain the sword and
horse of her husband, and I beg leave to hope that it may be convenient
to you to forward them to her.
The horse has accompanied the march of the army since its capture,
and may have suffered from the journey. The bridle was either lost at
the time of the capture or has not been recovered.
I am, most r~spectfuhIy, your obedient servant,
It. E. LEE,
General, Commanding
Page 382
382 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAr. XXXI.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 4, 18623 p. m.
Col. A. T. MCREYNOLDS,
Gommanding Cavalry, Cumberland, Md.:
General Kelley has been informed that his action in ordering you to
New Creek meets the approbation of the commanding general, and that
should he still desire your assistance against Ituboden, he can assume
command temporarily over your forces.
By command of Major-General McClellan:
I{. B. MARCY
Chif of Staff.
CLARKSBURG, VA.,
October 4, 186210.20 p. m.
Col. 11. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff, Harpers Perry:
Your telegram just received. Am advised that the rebels burnt Lit-
tle Cacapon Bridge last night, and captured a company of the Fifty-
fourth Pennsylvania at Paw Paw this morning. The enemy reported
1,500 strong, and having come by way of Bloomery Gap. I expect to
return to New Creek on Monday.
B. F. KELLEY,
Brigadier- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 4, 18628 p.m.
Col. W. W. AVERELL, Williamsport, lid.:
(Care of General W. T. H. Erdoks, ilagerstown, Md.)
Colonel MeReynolds reports from Green Spring this evening, by tele-
graph, that a cavalry force, said to be Stuarts cavalry, made a raid
early this morning, capturing one company of Fifty-fourth Pennsylva-
nia Volunteers, and destroyed the Little Cacapon Bridge. It is expected
they will attempt to destroy the South Branch and Patterson Creek
Bridges to-night.
Colonel MeReynolds is directed to prevent the destruction of the last-
named bridge, if possible. You will set out with all your disposable
force, as soon as practicable after the receipt of this (lispatch, and en-
deavor to intercept this cavalry, and show them that these raids cannot
be made with impunity.
I will notify Colonel McReynolds that you are en route.
II. B. MARCY
Chief of & aff.
P. S..General Brooks will please send this to Colonel Averell at once.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 4, 18628.30 p. m.
General KELLEY,
Commanding, Cumberland:
Colonel MeReynolds just reports, by telegraph, that a cavalry force,
said to be Stuarts, made a raid this morning, capturing one company
of the Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Volunteers, and destroyed the Littl
Page 383
CHAP. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 383
Cacapon Bridge, and that they intended to destroy the South Branch
and Patterson Creek Bridges to-night. Colonel McReynolds has been
directed to prevent the destruction of the latter, if possible. Colonel
Averell, at Williamsport, with four regiments of cavalry, has been di-
rected to march at once and endeavor to intercept Stuart. Please take
steps to do all in your power to prevent the destruction of the bridges,
and, if necessary, assume command for the time of Colonel McReynolds
troops. There should be co-operation in this, and, if possible, Stuart
should not be allowed to get away unharmed.
B. B. MARCY.
CAMP IN THE FIELD,
October 4, [1862]10 ~a. m.
General GEORGE SYKES:
GENERAL: Our officer of the day reports having discovered a battery
of four guns in position, opposite the month of the ravine in our front,
supported by a brigade of infantry, apparently awaiting an attack.
While he was observing, they were re-enforced by one gun. The trains,
to which I called your attention, he saw passing up and through a town
supposed by us to be Berryville. The trains appeared blocked occa-
sionally. Wagons can be seen for a distance of 6 miles at least, mov-
ing up the river. We have a reconnoitering party on the point above
us, and one starting to the river immediately on our right. General
Warren is out with the former, and Lieutenant-Colonel Wallace with
the latter. I will report immediately on their return.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. B. TYLER,
Brigadier-General.
PLANE No. 1, BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD,
October 4, 1862.
Major-General HALLECK:
I am in receipt of a dispatch from our agent at Wheeling, stating that
the bridge over the Little Cacapon River, 21 miles east of Cumberland,
was destroyed by the enemy last night; and that unless General Kelley
is re-enforced promptly, it is feared that great destruction of the road
will follow. If nothing else can be done at present, cannot General
Milroys brigade, said to be now at Parkersburg, be ordered to aid
threatened points ~l Must rely on you to do what is practicable to aid in
saving this great line from the threatened calamities.
J. W. GARRETT,
President.
MCCLELLANS HEADQUARTERS,
October 5, 186211 a. m. (Received 11.10 a. in.)
Major-General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
In compliance with your instructions, General Cox has been ordered
to report to you for duty on the Kanawha. General Coxs gallant serv-
ices in the battle of South Mountain and at Antietam, during which,
after Renos fall, he commanded an army corps, contributed greatly
toward our success in those hard-I~ught engagements. He has bee
Page 384
384 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., XV. VA., MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
recommended by General Burnside, his immediate commander, for pro-
motion. Although I am now to lose the services of this valuable officer
with this army, it is no more than an act of justice to him that I should
concur in the recommendation of General Burnside, which I do most
cordially and earnestly, and request that the promotion be made at once.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 5,18621 p. in. (Received 1.25 p. in.)
Major.General HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
The Twelfth Illinois Cavalry, Colonel Voss; the Eighth New York
Cavalry, Colonel Davis, and some Maryland cavalry, of the mounted
troops that escaped from Harpers Ferry, are now serving in connection
with the operations of this army, but are understood to be claimed by
General Wool as forming a part of his command. I respectfully ask
t.hat it be decided to whose command these troops belongto General
Wools or my own. I have supposed they were under my orders.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 5,186210.30 p. m. (Received 11.05 p. in.)
General H. W. HALLECK,
General-in-Chief:
It is probable that I was not sufficiently explicit in the telegram I sent
you regarding the construction of permanent wagon bridges across the
Potomac and the Shenandoah at Harpers Ferry. I did not intend to
be understood as recommending them for our present operations, par-
ticularly with reference specially to the permanent occupation of that
important strategic military position. I still think it of great impor.
tance that these bridges should be constructed without delay.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 5, 1862.
General R. E. LEE,
~Jommanding Army of Northern Virginia:
GENERAL: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your let-
ter of the 4th instant, inclosing a letter to Mrs. Philip Kearny, and, at
the same time, committing to my care the sword, horse, and saddle of
Major-General Kearny, to the end that, in accordance with the expressed
wish of Mrs. Kearny, they may be placed in her keeping. The articles
have been received, and, with the letter, will be forwarded to Mrs. Kearny
by the earliest opportunity. I beg you to accept my thanks for your
courteous and humane attention to the request of the widow of this
lamented officer. 1 shall be happy to reciprocate the courtesy when cir-
cumstances shall place it in my power to do so.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding
Page 385
CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION.
CHAP. XXXI.] 385
CLARKSBURG, VA.,
October 5, 186210.30 a. in.
General R. B. MAuCY, Chief of Staff:
Just received a dispatch from Colonel McReynolds, informing me that
the force that destroyed Little Cacapon Bridge and captured a company
at Paw Paw was Jinbodens, and that while Imboden was absent from
his camp it was attacked and taken by Captain Boyd, with a detach-
ment of Colonel McReynolds command. I have ordered Colonel Mc-
Reynolds to pursue him in force at once. If Colonel Averell, with his
command, will follow up the Big Cacapon from Bloomery Gap, Imboden
cannot escape.
B. F. KELLEY,
Brigadier-General.
(Copy to General ilalleck.)
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 5, 186212.50 p. m.
General AVERELL,
Commanding Cavalry en route:
General Kelley just reports from Clarksburg that the force which de-
stroyed Little Cacapon Bridge was 1,000 infantry and 500 cavalry, under
a man named Imboden; that one of McReynolds captains afterward cap-
tured the rebel camp, with two pieces of artillery, & c. Colonel MciRey-
nolds has been ordered to pursue at once, and General Kelley says, if
General Averell will follow np the Big Cacapon from Bloomery Gap,
Imboden cannot escape.
lt B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
[Indorsemeut.]
General Brooks, commanding at Hagerstown, will please take steps
to have the dispatch to General Averell forwarded to him by a mounted
man, at once. The messenger can ascertain at Williamsport from Gen-
eral Kenly the road taken by General Averell. Answer.
iR. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 5, 186210 p. m.
General N. P. BANKS,
Commanding, Washington:
The general commanding wishes you to make arrangements to estab-
lish a chain of cavalry pickets from the point where the Little River
pike crosses Goose Creek, running through Aldie around in the direc-
tion of Brentsville, as far as may be necessary to cover the approaches
to Washington.
General Stoneman will be directed to occupy Leesbnrg as soon as a
pontoon bridge can be thrown across the Potomac opposite that place,
or at Conrads Ferry, probably, in two or three days. His cavalry pick-
ets will connect with yours at Goose Creek, and extend on the Little
25 i~ 1~YOL XIX, PT I
Page 386
386 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., MD., AND PA. (CHAP. XXXI.
River pike to Snickersville. General Sumners cavalry will connect
with Stonemans, and run down the Shenandoah to Harpers Ferry.
This, as you will perceive, will cover Washington from every approach
in the direction of the enemy.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of & aff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 5, 186210 p. m.
General GEORGE STONEMAN, Poolesville:
As soon as a pontoon bridge can be thrown across the Potomac near
you (probably in two or three days), the commanding general directs
that you concentrate your artillery and infantry near Leesburg, keep-
ing out a line of cavalry pickets upon the Little River pike from the
point where it crosses Goose Creek to Snickersville.
General Sumners cavalry will connect with yours at Snickersville,
and General Banks cavalry will connect with your left at the crossing
of Goose Creek.
Please report the amount of cavalry you now have under your com-
mand, and what additional force of this arm, if any, you will require to
perform the service specified.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of & aff.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 5 186210
General E. V. SUMNER, m.
Gommanding, Harpers Ferry:
The commanding general desires you to send out all your disposable
cavalry to-morrow morning on a reconnaissance as far toward Charles-
town as can be done with safety. Lieutenant Bowen, Topographical
Engineers, will accompany the detachment. Please communicate to
him this information.
R. B. MARCY,
Chief of Staff.
[OCTOBER 5, 1862.For Wright to Halleck, iu reference to operations
in West Virginia, see Series 1, Vol. XVI, Part II, p. 574.]
SPECIAL ORDERS, HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
No. 272. Camp near Shapsburg, ilLd., October 5, 1862.
* * * * * * *
VI. Brig. Gen. H. S. Briggs, volunteer service, will report for duty to
Maj. Gen. F. J. Porter, commanding Fifth Army Corps.
* * * * * * *
By command of Major-General McClellan:
S. WILLIAMS,
Assistant Adjutant- General
Page 387
Cn~r. XXXI.] CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.UNION. 387
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
October 6, 18623.35 p. m.
Major-General MCCLELLAN:
The cavalry which escaped from Harpers Ferry and now in your army
will remain with it. Major-General Coxs old division will march to
Hancock and take cars to Clarksburg, where it will meet and report to
General Milroy. General Cox will command the District of Western
Virginia, but will co-operate with you whenever he can do so.
H. W. HALLECK,
General-in- Chief.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
Near Sharpsburg, Md., October 6, 18624.30 p. m.
(Received 6 p. in.)
Major-General HALLECK
General-in-Chief:
Your telegram ordering Coxs division to Clarksburg was received
before the one directing the offensive across the Potomac.* Is it still
intended that Cox should march at once ~ It is important in making
my decision regarding the route to be taken by the army that I should
know, first,what description of troops Jam to be re-enforced with upon
the Shenandoah route, and also npon the other route between the
enemy and Washington; whether they are to be old or new troops,
or what proportion of each. If possible, I should be glad to have
Pecks division sent to me, if it can be got here within a reasonable time.
Second, will you inform me what the present condition of the Alex-
andria and Leesburg Railroad is; also the Manassas Gap Railroad, and
what time it would require to put them in working order ~l It is believed
that the Harpers Ferry and Winchester Railroad is not materially
injured. GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
HEADQUA~RTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 6, 1862. (Received 7.45 p. in.)
General HALLECK,
General-in- Chief:
Lieutenant Comstock has received an order relieving him from duty
with the Army of the Potomac, to report to General Wright. Lieuten-
ant Coinstock has been engaged in arranging and superintending the
defenses at Harpers Ferry, and his services cannot be dispensed with
there at this time without manifest detriment to the service, as he has
made himself familiar with the whole ground. I, therefore, most respect-
fully beg leave to suggest that Lieutenant MeAlester, who is now here,
be directed to report for duty to General Wright. I should regret very
much to lose the services of Lieutenant Comstock at Harpers Ferry at
this time.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, Commanding.
See general reports, Part I, p. 72
Page 388
388 OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA, MD., AND PA. [CHAP. XXXI.
HEADQUARTEIZS ARMY OF ri~n POTOMAC,
October 6, 18625.40 p. m. (Received 7.50 p. in.)
Maj. Gen. H. W. JIALLECK,
General-in- Chiej:
Copy of General Grants dispatch just received. From the bottom
of my heart I congratulate you on the results, and hope that the Army
of the Potomac may soon again offer good tidings to the country. When
you dispatch to Grant, please offer my congratulations.
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major. General.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
October 6, 1862.
General R. E. LEE,
(Jommanding Army of Northern Virginia:
GENERAL: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your let-
ter of the 2d instant, in regard to the return of 27 wagons and teams,.
furnished by Maj. Gen. A. P. Hill for the use of certain paroled officers
of the United States Army. These wagons and teams are now on their
return from Washington, and are expected here in two days. Upon
their arrival, I will send them immediately to such place as you may in
the mean time be pleased to designate.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEG. B. McCLELLAN,
Major- General, (ommanding.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
OFFICE OF CHIEF QUARTERMASTER,
Camp on the Antietam, Md., October 6, 18622 p. in.
Col. C. G. SAWTELLE,
Quartermaster, Cass Building, Vermont are., Washington, P. C.:
Arrived at 9 a. in. General McClellan wishes to know when the canal
will be in order to Harpers Ferry, and what force is at work upon it.
He is anxious to make use of this canal at once. Send an officer to
push forward the clothing, stationery, & c., to Jiagerstown and Harpers
Ferry. The delay is outrageous. Find out where the obstacles are.
Send forward horses as fast as you can. Forward what shelter tents
you can obtain, equally to Harpers Ferry and Ilagerstown. Send an
agent or an officer over both roads, and direct them to hurry through
and report what impediments are met with. See Mr. Tucker, and report
progress by telegraph.
RUFUS INGALLS,
Lieutenant- (olonel, Aide-de- Camp, and Chief Quartermaster.
WASHINGTON, D. C.,
October 6, 18627 p. m.
General R. JNGALLS,
General Me Clellans Headquarters:
There are 65 men at work repairing the canal. The only break is at
the mouth of Monocacy Creek. Colonel Rucker to-day ordered Captain
Dana to increase the force, if possible, to 150. It would take 150 me
Page 389
Ciii?. XXXI.]
C0RI~ESP0NDENCE, ETC.tThION.
389
ten days to repair it. The present force has been at work nearly a week.
There is great difficulty in employing laborers. All our useful contra-
bands have been sent to the depots or absorbed as teamsters. Would
not the urgency of the case and the difficulty of obtaining workmen
justify the sending an engine