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JohnR. Bennett (?) 1,808
J.T. Martin (P) 1,749
Dr. Alexander CampbeU (L) 1,658
J.J. MuUaly (P) 1,646
William J. Linegar (Labour) 1,025
J. CaldweU (Labour) 933
M.A. Foley (Labour) 877
D^. J.S.Tah(I) 102
Trinity
William W. Halfyard (L) 3,768
J. Guppy (L) 3,576
Archibald Targett (L) 3,539
JohnG. Stone (P) 1,185
R.J. Matthews (P) 962
Andrew CameU (P) 859
Twillingate
Walter B.Jennings (L) 3,718
George Jones (L) 3,683
Solomon Samson (L) 3,417
W.A. McKay (P) 922
Lorenzo Moore (P) 881
Kenneth Short (P) 656
Standings: Liberal Reform F.P.U. (L) 24 '
Liberal-Progressive (P) 12
Before the House of Assembly opened Cashin resigned and Squires became Prime Minister of Newfoundland. Shortly after Squires announced the names of the members of his Cabinet, James MacDonneU, Liberal Reform member for St. George's, crossed the floor of the House of Assembly and joined Cashin's party.
Eariy in 1920 A.E. Hickman, the defeated Liberal-Progressive candi¬ date in Bay de Verde, who had been defeated by Liberal Reform candi¬ date William H. Cave by five votes, petitioned the Supreme Court charg¬ ing Cave with election irregular¬ ities . Cave countercharged Hickman ^^^^^""^^ /I with bribery. The Supreme Court found both parties guilty and de- William F. Penney
clared the seat vacant. Both candi¬ dates squared off against each other in a by-election and Cave defeated Hickman by over four hundred votes.
General Election #25: May 3, 1923. The first four years of the Squires administration were difficult ones for Newfoundland. The War had ended in 1918 and the post-war years were a time of high unemployment as men retuming from overseas had to be fitted into a shrinking workforce. Added to that was the railway crisis. In 1920 the Reid com¬ pany informed the Govemment that it could no longer afford to operate the raUway. A joint commission was established between the company and the Govemment to operate the rail¬ way but by April 1922 the company withdrew and the Gov¬ emment was forced to take over operations and assume re¬ sponsibility for the growing railway deficit. The Govemment was forced to pump additional revenue into the railway to en¬ sure its continued operation and in order to keep the workers employed. By 1923, however, things began to look up. In
ELECTIONS 111
that year the W.G. Armstrong, Whitworth and Company in conjunction with Newfoundland Products Corporation set up the Newfoundland Power and Paper Company to establish hydro-electric facilities and a paper mill on the Humber River in westem Newfoundland. The Newfoundland Govemment agreed to help finance the venture. In 1919 Squires had prom¬ ised to bring industrialization to Newfoundland and with de¬ velopments on the Humber he had lived up to that promise. The project would employ 2,500 men and would provide a major boost to the Newfoundland economy. Squires decided on a spring election and polling day was set for May 3, 1923. His major issue was the Humber development — the "Hum on the Humber" — and his party's slogan became "A vote against Squires is a vote against Humber industry" (Daily Mail: March 28, 1923).
The Liberal-Progressive Party was in a poorly organized state. John R. Bennett had replaced Ca¬ shin as leader in an attempt to ap¬ peal to Protestant voters. The party |^^^H||^: v#i also joined forces with the small La¬ bour group which had entered three candidates in the 1919 election and went into the campaign as the Liberal-Labour-Progressive Party, y^;^„ j^ Bennett
but in reality it was the merchant- conservative St. John's based party.
The election results demonstrated that it was a very close contest, however. Bennett's party retained most of its Roman Catholic seats, losing only two, one in Harbour Main and one in St. George's. In addition it picked up three seats ^^^^^^^, .^ ...^^ from the Liberal Reform party, one ^^^IIH^F^^I^K each in Burin, Carbonear and St. ¦IHbIiI jsKtKtKm
John's West. Bennett himself was Col. Michael S.Sullivan
defeated in Harbour Grace by 63
votes, whUe Squires was the only Liberal Reform member elected in St. John's, retaining his seat by a majority of only four votes. Results in Bay de Verde, Burin, Carbonear, Har¬ bour Grace, Harbour Main and St. John's West were ex¬ tremely close, and the change of one hundred votes in each of the seats could have produced a totally different result than the twenty-three Liberal Reform and thirteen Liberal-Labour- Progressive members who were successful. The election re¬ sults were
Bay de Verde
WilliamH. Cave (L) 1,199
Richard Cramm (L) 1,116
John C Crosbie (P) 1,049
JohnC. Puddester (P) 971
Bonavista
WilliamF. Coaker (I.) 3,045
RolandG. Winsor (U) 2,950
John Abbott (L) 2,932
Walters. Monroe (P) 2,628
Lewis Little (P) 2,498
William C Winsor (P) 2,458

JohnR. Bennett (?) 1,808
J.T. Martin (P) 1,749
Dr. Alexander CampbeU (L) 1,658
J.J. MuUaly (P) 1,646
William J. Linegar (Labour) 1,025
J. CaldweU (Labour) 933
M.A. Foley (Labour) 877
D^. J.S.Tah(I) 102
Trinity
William W. Halfyard (L) 3,768
J. Guppy (L) 3,576
Archibald Targett (L) 3,539
JohnG. Stone (P) 1,185
R.J. Matthews (P) 962
Andrew CameU (P) 859
Twillingate
Walter B.Jennings (L) 3,718
George Jones (L) 3,683
Solomon Samson (L) 3,417
W.A. McKay (P) 922
Lorenzo Moore (P) 881
Kenneth Short (P) 656
Standings: Liberal Reform F.P.U. (L) 24 '
Liberal-Progressive (P) 12
Before the House of Assembly opened Cashin resigned and Squires became Prime Minister of Newfoundland. Shortly after Squires announced the names of the members of his Cabinet, James MacDonneU, Liberal Reform member for St. George's, crossed the floor of the House of Assembly and joined Cashin's party.
Eariy in 1920 A.E. Hickman, the defeated Liberal-Progressive candi¬ date in Bay de Verde, who had been defeated by Liberal Reform candi¬ date William H. Cave by five votes, petitioned the Supreme Court charg¬ ing Cave with election irregular¬ ities . Cave countercharged Hickman ^^^^^""^^ /I with bribery. The Supreme Court found both parties guilty and de- William F. Penney
clared the seat vacant. Both candi¬ dates squared off against each other in a by-election and Cave defeated Hickman by over four hundred votes.
General Election #25: May 3, 1923. The first four years of the Squires administration were difficult ones for Newfoundland. The War had ended in 1918 and the post-war years were a time of high unemployment as men retuming from overseas had to be fitted into a shrinking workforce. Added to that was the railway crisis. In 1920 the Reid com¬ pany informed the Govemment that it could no longer afford to operate the raUway. A joint commission was established between the company and the Govemment to operate the rail¬ way but by April 1922 the company withdrew and the Gov¬ emment was forced to take over operations and assume re¬ sponsibility for the growing railway deficit. The Govemment was forced to pump additional revenue into the railway to en¬ sure its continued operation and in order to keep the workers employed. By 1923, however, things began to look up. In
ELECTIONS 111
that year the W.G. Armstrong, Whitworth and Company in conjunction with Newfoundland Products Corporation set up the Newfoundland Power and Paper Company to establish hydro-electric facilities and a paper mill on the Humber River in westem Newfoundland. The Newfoundland Govemment agreed to help finance the venture. In 1919 Squires had prom¬ ised to bring industrialization to Newfoundland and with de¬ velopments on the Humber he had lived up to that promise. The project would employ 2,500 men and would provide a major boost to the Newfoundland economy. Squires decided on a spring election and polling day was set for May 3, 1923. His major issue was the Humber development — the "Hum on the Humber" — and his party's slogan became "A vote against Squires is a vote against Humber industry" (Daily Mail: March 28, 1923).
The Liberal-Progressive Party was in a poorly organized state. John R. Bennett had replaced Ca¬ shin as leader in an attempt to ap¬ peal to Protestant voters. The party |^^^H||^: v#i also joined forces with the small La¬ bour group which had entered three candidates in the 1919 election and went into the campaign as the Liberal-Labour-Progressive Party, y^;^„ j^ Bennett
but in reality it was the merchant- conservative St. John's based party.
The election results demonstrated that it was a very close contest, however. Bennett's party retained most of its Roman Catholic seats, losing only two, one in Harbour Main and one in St. George's. In addition it picked up three seats ^^^^^^^, .^ ...^^ from the Liberal Reform party, one ^^^IIH^F^^I^K each in Burin, Carbonear and St. ¦IHbIiI jsKtKtKm
John's West. Bennett himself was Col. Michael S.Sullivan
defeated in Harbour Grace by 63
votes, whUe Squires was the only Liberal Reform member elected in St. John's, retaining his seat by a majority of only four votes. Results in Bay de Verde, Burin, Carbonear, Har¬ bour Grace, Harbour Main and St. John's West were ex¬ tremely close, and the change of one hundred votes in each of the seats could have produced a totally different result than the twenty-three Liberal Reform and thirteen Liberal-Labour- Progressive members who were successful. The election re¬ sults were
Bay de Verde
WilliamH. Cave (L) 1,199
Richard Cramm (L) 1,116
John C Crosbie (P) 1,049
JohnC. Puddester (P) 971
Bonavista
WilliamF. Coaker (I.) 3,045
RolandG. Winsor (U) 2,950
John Abbott (L) 2,932
Walters. Monroe (P) 2,628
Lewis Little (P) 2,498
William C Winsor (P) 2,458