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VmTUME XL? " COLUMBUS, OHIO, T0ESDA Y, AUGUST 13 1850, NTT iUITFTj ' . -.- -yWMMMMWMW"MWi . ... ' ' L'XX'J-iXV W, I'UHMHfiKD EVERY TUKHDAY MljKNINO, BY HCOTT & HAMCOM. OFFICE SOUTH ! AST COENEO Of UIOH it. AND SCOAE ALLEY. TERMS Invariably In advance. vVeelr-y per annum In Columbus OM ol tfin city ; by mail, single Toe nhs nt lour and unwinds Tm iibsot ten and upwards, to one Hildres Daily, -. unin Tri-Wekly, do Wwkly do., slngl To clubs ol tlvo and upward! The Journal la also published Daily and Trt Weekly during the year; ualiy pur annum, oj man, oa ; in-rvwf, Nate of AdvertUInK Weekly Paper. One square, 10 line or 1pm, ntif insertion " " " each additional " ' " " 1 month " 9 " 3 " " " fi " is " changflablpmontlily, par annum " " " weekly " " Standing card, ono square or low, " V ooIaiiiD,c)iangeablequrtrly," " Othfreases not provided for, cbargtjablo in conformity with tho dots ratfi. All leaded sdvprtisementa to bo charged not leu than double the above rntei, and measured aa if solid. Advertisement on the inside exclusively, to be charged at the rato of HI per cent, in advnnre on the anove raws. ....tf U0 1 51) .... 1 US .... 1 w .... a im) .... 1 IH .... 50 .... 40 ..0 50 .. 0 41 .. 1 itf . . li '-'5 .. 3 00 .. 5 00 ..8 0) ..20 IKI ..2H 00 .. 8 00 ..35 00 ..(Ml 00 .1(10 00 TUESDAY EVBNINO, AUGUST G, 1820. Declined. The Intelligencer of August 2d says: " Wo very much regret to learu tluit tho Hon. Ed won! Bate of Mo,, now in this city, is prevented by hie private rehi- tiotiB and engagement! fromaccepting the office ot Hoc rntary of War to which he had been appointed by the Executive. Ho wai from home when notified of bin appointment, and came to this city for the purpose of making known in person to the President the reusoiis which oblige him to decline tlio honor tendered lo hitn." Clalphins. Nottiing I) an ever seemed to conn- home to the " li ness and bosoms" nt' tlio locofoco managers like the Galphin business. They have never before shown any tenderness of stomach in such matters. They supported John B. Weller fur Governor, when they kuew he was a defaulter to the Duller county treasury. The fuct was published every where except in their own papers, hut they never winced. On iho contrary they eemed to like him a little the better for it. They iiut only voted for him, but insisted iu declaring biin Gov eruor when it was ascertained by counting the votes that he was beaten. They abused most shamefully Mr. Randall for declaring Ford elected over him when they knew he was so elected. Then they got him appointed commissioner to run the Mexican boundary line, iu which place he defaulted again. We never heard any of them condemn it. Then there was Pat Collins; what did they say about him T Did they not refuse to condemn him 1 aud did tboy not abuse every body who did condemn him T Has not Mi. Disney, the locofoco member of Congress from Hamilton county, recently announced in his plnce thai ho has himself undertaken to manage the matter, nut on the side of the govern-1 ment.but on the side of the defaulter ? Just think of it ! A member of Congress, elected to look after the inter-' ests of the people, engaged to manage through the business of a defaulter, and use his influence in his favor. What sort of a Galphin is that f Taking eight dollars a day from the public treasury to pay him for exerting his influence to bring out the accounts of Pat Collins ! Yet this is the same Mr. Disney titwu whose report the condemnation of the Galpliin claim is based. No locofoco has a word of complaint about that. Ou the contrary, we presume the whole locofoco delegation from Ohio will exert itself to screeu Pat Collins' sureties. How wasitwith.ArAWy? He and Pat are both dead, but did any locofoco press ever condemn MeNul-ty fur appropriating, by wholesale, the government money to private uses, when he was clerk of the House of Representatives I Is there not some military char acter about Zanesville some worthless man, who was got into the commissary department by locofoco ; iuthiem-e during the Mexican War, and who turned out defaulter? Was he not a particular friend of the Ex-Chairman of the Committee of Public Safety 7 aud is not that virtuous and indignant individual one of his sureties, and already sued as such T Nay, is not the chief sachem of Ohio locofocoism the Stnto printer himself who cries Galphin! Gaiphin1 from morning till night ia not he already sued iu the dated Slates circuit court as a defaulter T Aud who is the surety of this anti-bank man this scrupulous and ingenious democrat, who teaches that uo true democrat can have anything to do with bankers, and whose paper is filled with articles. long and short, to show that the board of control of the Stale Bank of Ohio is au outragous contrivance to defraud the people of their rights and liberties 1 Who was Aw surety and friend, and who is uow sued with him, tia such, in the I1. S. circuit court? Who but I he PKK'inKitT of (hat nefarious board of control ! Well, in it worth while to goon with the list? Is it not apparent that those men must feel very indig-uant about the Galphin matter T Who can doubt their sincerity? Who can fail to believe their statements, made with such remarkably eonscientious airs f How many of these same men, two years ago declared there was no law by which a legislature could beheld, and are now holding otlico and drawing public money under no other law than the one which they snid did not exist, and ihe one which they recommended the people ol the State rather to civil war than to acknowledge i. a existence. Great patriots these; wondrous lovers of the people! How they hate vice! How they are shocked if any body gets the public money but themselves. h Imiiiirtitioi'. Do not mistake inu. Mr. President. do not make these remarks from any hostile feeling towards foreigners. I entertain no such feelings. 1 make them Tor the purpose of showing, that if ever thoso miserable clauish feelings ttiat now wuien uie gap in society by setting the Irishman on the throat of the Dutchman; by stirring up the aticieut prejudice of the Gaul against the Briton; and by. provoking the jealousy ot the native-born American against them all cnu be broken down, it ia by an efficient and uniform system of common school education; because no prejudice of family or nation con Im an strong as the bonds ot yniithlnl triewlship strengthened ny me uihiiihe ru-collections of school-boy associations. 1 moke them for the purport of showing, that if ever a patriotic devotion to the honor and interests of our own country is to be made a part of the education of our own children, it can never be so effectually done as by a well regulated system of free schools; because nothing can so much eudenr their country and its institutiojis to them, us the grateful recollection that they are indebted for their education to the munificence of those institu- Iriore of it. The modest, decent, truthful Statesman that never tells lies that never alludes to men's private affairs that iu nil ihings is so circumspect and dignified (T) hod another regular pop-gun discharge ou Tuesday night. It seemed the editor swallowed a piccn of iho Journal, done up in the Elevatot ! We are glad that the Statesman has so substantial a friend as it brass about, We hope Medsry may always be able to get as respectable mid respnnnible bail as he did when he was Post Master. We never grumbled or complained in the h ost about it- We simply thought that n nmn who was, by turtt, (wheu there was no bunk in this city that wanted a charter,) so savage i against banks, aud so fond of denouncing every hanker as a knave, a villain, a cnl-thront, &c, did not cut a ry consistent figure iu having these confidential bu siness relations with the President of this " den of thieves," that a suit in the circuit court disclosed. It wuh simply a dinclosuro of Medury's conriilency. It wus showing the world the difteroiice between his talk for buncombe, and his acts. But it seems this Columbus Galphin, Inking his word for it, has iUpoiicl the amount due from him to the United States. This was done after suit had been com menced agniust him for it. Now, that other Galphin at Washington otlered to deposit the money he received on the claim, if the government would sue him. The dif ference between the Georgia Galphin anil the Columbus Galphin is, that the Columbus one was tued before he depoiited ! " whereas the Georgia one ottered to de posit, if the government would tue. Wo never knew a case of Galphtuisin yet, where tlio man that got the money could not make a plausible reason for it. Some error in the accounts; some charge against the government ; something or other is scraped up to ease off, and tisly the public. It don t take a very ingenious man to make a very plausible story for himself, especially when he can manufacture nil the facts necessary. The scoundrel who, at this time, anil with the truth before the world, will insinuate that Mr. Ewing ever attempted to " trade off an office for house rent," odds but another to the long list of infamous acts that have made biin the disobach of his party, and their cause, aud which have lost him the respect and confidence of the decent ones in its ranks, as was manliest by the way they kicked Aim and his grumblings nut of the Constitutional Convention. That editor wilt hnvo devout cause to thank God when he ever sees the day that he has the resiect and confidence of the people of this country that Thomas Ewing now has. Not only the Whig pnrty ol Ohio, but sensible men every where have hailed his appointment as Senator with pleasure, and it will take more labor more tune and tuleuti than that Galphin editor can ever bring to bear, to make any intelligent, sensible man believe fur a moment, that Mr. Ewing, as .Secretary of the Interior, has uie any act that should for n moment forfeit the conh-Mice aud respect of the country. Even the bitter end " Union," at Washington, has nothing derogatory y of his appointment. He has the respect of re spectable Democrats there, which he has earned by a long life of toil, ability and uudeviating integrity. It is left for such low Blunderers, such ribald, jealous tra- ncers us the editor of the Statesman, to retail explo ded slanders and rotten falsehoods. He is welcome to all he can make by it. We take buck the remark that the President of the Board of Control is Mcdary's standing bail. We ore not sure but that such a charge is libelous, because we confess it would argue rather strougly n gainst any man's good sense nd discretion to be placed iu thato-silioii. Another of Uie "lioob fceeiiei, It happened at a certain Jlate Education Convention, ns long "fin us 181!, which was attended by the present Whig candidate for Governor, that a learned Pro. lessor in one of our colleges, advocated the tenchiig ol t.ie French and Spanish languages in our common school under certain circumstances which he men tioned. As might be expected, this drew down a crushing rcNjMinse In tin Johnston, which we give below t And hen-1 cannot refrain from remarking, llmt nearly all our lasliioiiiilde schools fertile pducntion of the wealthy classes of society, and all I he literary periodicals t have read, with a few exceptions, have an anti-American tendency. Indeed, such is the r.iye for for eign manners, and foreign fashions, hint foreign tongues, that your barlier shaves you acconliut! to the fashion latest from London or Pan! lour Imlv's milliner dresses her out with a Victoria bonnet! and the dun-dies heir in to rurse their u rooms, and the madames ti scold their husbands, in French ! white good old uttri- utic latikre Doodle nucl Hall Columbia rivo way ti the Ituliau Air and Polish Waliz! And here 1 I'e'nr shall come in contact witn the views of my gmid friend from Cincinnati, ( Professor Stows,) iu relation to the introduction nt some of the living Ungual's into our schools as a part ol common school education. In dolus so, I hope, indeed 1 know, 1 shall sive uo offense A gentleman, whose let mine (ureal and acknowledged as u is) is not so bright an ornament to his character as is lu love ol iruiu, win puniou me all 1 mm 1 1 say trom u honest conviction of what is riidit, even if it should not meet his views. I do not believe, ns my friend does, that Miuinisli, or rrencti, or oilier lanifuajies, ei ther living or dead, except whero the necessity of tlie cose may require it, should ever liecutne a pnrt of our common school education. The ultempt to introduce-litem would defeat the benevolent obiect of the ceiitle- maul because at Inst it would he only the children of tue ricn wiio cnuiu enjoy us ueuenis, itie poor man who has a large family to educate, (and children art the poor man's blessing.) requires the labor of the el der children to support the younger onest and indeed he cannot support idem without ill and wheu the imui illation of our country shall become more dense, and the rents of property and the price of land dearer, the labor of the jmor man's children will become of more aud more importance to him. The period theu to be employed at school, being necessarily short, ought to be tie voted to the Dctpureniciii ot that Kuni ol knowledge most important iu the common oeratious of life. Aud after reading, writing, arithmetic, English gram mar, senirrnphv, mathematics, mechanics, and uthei pnicticii branches shall be nc niiired, there will be lie time left for the study of brnm li- s, in say the must n them, of secondary importance. And would it he ad visable to fritter awny the time of y.mth on such pur suits T But " there ia no disputing about taste." Give me the solid beef, and bread, and bacon, and potatoes. of learning ; and let those who can, subsist on the sweetmeats. But would beopHised to that course of education, bemuse our common school education should bo patriotic : and to be patriotic, it should he American iu its chnracier. Yes, it thou Id be American in its character, even at the risk ol being hoinelv- 1'ln association between the tune aud the ballad is m strntiu'er thnii ihat between the sentiment and the Inn ituae of a nation : ami when you adopt its laiiituoue you take its feelings and its inn line is along wuh you "for better or for worse." Ami is there anything in the fiddling frivolity of France, or the bigoted hauteur of Spniu, llmt would be worth engrafting ou the ctiarncieroi au American repuolicani t cannot oe-lieve thnt the character of our people would be improved by the contact with either. As for my own art, if driven to a choice between evils, I would not now whether to elect a French Revolution or a Span- From the Ohio Cultivator. Mrs, Hwlsshelm on Bad Husbands Puriber Remark by Aunt Patience, Mrs. Swiunhehn, in a recent No. of the Saturday Vis-r, suns, 41 We have had another letter from the lady who thinks men are all tyrants; and she stilt maintains her position." After going on to Bay that in her opinion the world would not be decidedly benefit ted bv re- cordingthe number of limes that Billy Brown or Johnny Smilli st:njtlcii tueir wives otioul tluu heel steaks, and passing n pr per condemnation upon the disposition manifested by munv to mako the greatest possible ado about a divorce, as though the public had a right to pry into all the secret griefs of two whom the law hu thought wise to separate, she comes out in the lollow-ing chiirurtcrittic remarks: ' Many people very strati Re I y mistake us, and think because we nre, and have so long been a zealous advih :aio nf woman's riidits, we must therefore be a ' man Initer' ready to cry out on all occasions, M), the horrible men!' think we have had some terrible expo hence, and been most fearfully abused. Now, ladies, ist permit us to set vu num. W o never were serious- V itmmsed uihiii bv anybody never in our lives; nnd here have not been men enotiuh bom yet, nor even ho llies thnt have become men, ever lo imttnse upon, op ines or enslave us. All the legislature iu creation. .hinod, could never make us sucti a slave us some women write to tell us they nre, even iu despite laws that would free them. Our father was n muii.uud when we were but ten years old we went with him l the very jsirtals of heaven, and stood there while he iiertu. ii whs once sniti oi mm, oy one who Knew him well. ' 1 Have olleu looked nt I nomas Uniiuou oliil said, behold an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile.' lie was a man ol suiguiiir purity ot uie tlio nest iiiul kindest of husbands and fathers. Alter twenty years stent together, his dying testimony to mother was, ' ion may have (mills, Ainry ot course there is im human beini; without faults but I never saw yours.' ve had the dearest, nnd kindest, and lira vest of brother. Vtewere the pride ol his eyes aud ho ol utirs, imt deatii took him ions auo, ami we lutve adopted (hose ihe law h is given us, it would be bard lo per suode us Hint one ol these has a serious fault, or indeed any fault at all. I lieu we nave uau a ureal aeai oi nustuoNs niter- course wiih men very few women nf our nge have had more ami we seldom over encountered a mean man. We have I rusted some implicitly, who hud the name or hem 2 arrant pcuo, and uever hud const! me it. We have our ollice in the midst of a great bee hive nl editor, retsirters, pressmen and 'devils' and lien spend two days ill the week there sometimes go back iu the evcuiiui.iind work by gns liht until ten lot k; and for the lileot us, wecauuoi imagine where all the had men come Iroin. Now hold a moment, trieml Jane, that will do for nice. We rend read o'er, your glorious defence of the tther sex, ready to say "amen" to every sentiment and how we gloried in the thought that there was one woman who would so lar respect hertell and her own riulits, that she might safely eulogie the very class whom others might justly regard as oppressors. But Mir Blorihcation soon ended, wectiunced to tie seated at the hospitable hoard of a farmer, a man whoso sou; ould not well brook to see the weak oppressed by the strong, and he culled our attention to the, fact ihatinthe oinesiiu arrnnueuients ol some iimiiies, nm a hundred miles I mm ihe capital of our glorious State, there was he most menn, sellisii oppression. (So manor wiial tlio luties nf the patient wife, no mailer how inclement the weather, husband and sons would stretch out their long limbs by the kit lu-n fire while she went to unlk the cows; often obliged to go ankle deep in the mire Unit the indolent louts had failed to see removed from the void. Now. if theso are not mean men, Mrs. S., wo will look a linle further, for sure we are, we have got on the truck nt some at least, remaps the patient wile nn ir lit to rebel, and let them suffer the consequences o letting the rows go without milking. Iml tliu trouble usually is. there o.e several hnniirv liitlo ones that will make discordant music all day if mother does not see that thov are furnished with milk. Now, whether the present generation will over he able to throw on the shackles or not, we canuoi suy hut we want to say to the suls, when ynu vouiih men that will lountte about the house while their mothers milk the cows, just rememember that y u have found lost the chapsto make up tue aenuine article tliu Mrs. Swisshclm has failed to find mean, conteinpli ble, hud men. WuNliJiiKtoii Correspoiideuce Who siand by the North-Post lion of lloa. Lewis D. Campbell. Washington, July 25, 1850. In my last I spoke generally of the two great parties, and of the stale of tho country. I wish here to speak more particularly of men. It is now a part of the history of the country, that at the comencement of the present session of Congress the great struggle belweeu tho North aud the South commenced with the opening of the party caucuses, preliminary to a permanent organization. Bothgreat parties were peculiarly situated. But it was the whig party that stood upon the constitution and defended the rights of the North. It was the wlig party, North and South, that opposed the Mexican war, and the acquisition of Mexican territory. It was the whig party that predicted that war that foretold with prophetic earnestness the dangers that are now upon us Among tho members from the North, particularly from the North-West, who took their seats for the first time at tho commencement of the present session, were many who, though ardent and devoted whigs men who had been identified almost from their infancy with the whig party did uot openly support Gen. Taylor's nomination, and did not vote for his electiou. It is not now necessary to explain why. And it would not then have been necessary for them to have withheld their votes ami influence from Gen. Taylor had the people been as familiar with his exalted character as they are at this day. Ou tho other li'iiid, there were nieii from Ihe South, professed whig", who had boasted of hovingaccomplish- d ihe uomina ion of Gen. Taylor, despite the North, who came to Congress, at the commencement of the 'BBion, armed with sectional fire-brands, and fully de termined to bully tho North into their measures, or u stroy the party and the country in tho attempt. In i the preliminary whig caucus they made their beginning, aud defeated the nomination of Robert 0. Wiuthrop, not because he was justly obnoxious to any section, but becuu.se he vvus a northern man. These southern isorguuiers were joined by the free soilers of the ; North, who were elected by locofoco votes, and with their aid the Speaker's chair wns filled by a rank and lira southern slaveholder. But while theso things were going on, those free-soil bigs, who had declined voting for Gen. Taylor, stood p for the whig party and for the Notb like island , rocks in ihe raging ocean. Day after day, week after I week, they sat in their seats, breasting tho tierce as- saultsof faction, aud voting as iheir names werecalled, lor the Northern whig candidate. They were bullied, abused, threatened, insulted. Personul collision and j ioleuce seemed unavoidable; and, but lor the exam-1 ties of courage given by Duer, and Campbell, and oth- ' ers, blood would have been shed. Ou the 19th of February, 1850, when in the midst of xcitement and strife, mid bitter words, a member, so small iu stature as to be hardly observed by the intellectual anil physical giants around him, rose from his at to address the House upou the groat subject which so inteiisely occupied its attention. His exordium was nodest and uuussiiming. Few listened. But, as the orator proceeded, and grew warm with the warming subject, the attention of the House became both fixed and profound. He told the South and the North alike, iu tones that carried with his speech the deep earnest" uess he felt, that is wrong to postpone until next year that which it is our 'uty to do now ! It the restriction of slavery is right f it is a eood thins, we should adopt it ; if it is wrong we should reject it. These are questions which we are as competent lo discuss and decide in a friendly and patriotic spirit now, as at any future time. " Delays are dangerous." What benefit ia there in deluyf None. The question must be met if not in giving territorial law, upou the admission ot states, air, this opposition to it from the South must be met t Calilornia is knock- got our door for admisiiou as a State. She presents nustitutiou, fanned in a maimer conformable to the most ultra Southern platform, yet the wearied eyelids if alt around me remind us, that trom 1'J o'clock M. yes- niay, until miumgui, Douiuernmen siaveu on a reso lution proposing a hill to iidiuit Calilormn, by a factious ipposition, 1 may say. in my judgment disgraceful to this body and to the country. I suy, theu, we have nothing to hope from delay. Let us act now, like men worthy ol our positions, l et us meet the responsibility inch the country lias placed upon us. Before submitting mv views unon this all-absorbins topic ot slavery, I desire to ueiena tne suction ot the country, which I iu part have Ihe houor to represent, from unjust charges, which are constantly preferred against it. Wo hud scarcely taken tho preliminary steps for an orunniution ol this House, before the South iu tunes of thundering eloquence denounced the people ol the North as "aggiessors as "recreants to the Constitution" as having lor years been suilty of oppression to uieir ureiiueu or tiie pjoinn. in this mil in the social circle Uon the highwuy every-vbe.e wo met with this charge. Sir, I propose briefly to examine the stato of this account of " iissression." How does it alatlil, as to territorial acquisitions, since e formation ot the Uniouf we ot the INortli ha been opiHMed to an extension of our dominion. We have been taught by ihe warning voice ol past repub- ics, that " Extended Empire ako tpmi.led gold Exchanges solid itre&Kth tor tecble splendor." Southern policy has been different, and we huveyitl MamaciiusettiSpicial Ei.kction Gov. BriL-ashi ordered a special election to be held ou Monday. Ih (Mb inst., in fill the vacancies in the 1st, (HobertC, Wiuthrop-,) lid, (Daniel P. King s,) and lvth.(,loh G. Palfrey's) Concrossinnul Districts of Muachuseiti Josinh iuiiicy, Jr., aud Hon. Albert Fearing ore talk ol as Whig candidates in Wiuthrop s uisinci. r,iim would till die office with credit. A Whig Convention is to be held at Salem on the 8ih mat., to nominate a candidate lor uie itu uisinci. jy. Y. Tribw. tricl, coiiino-ed of three counties, has two hundred and forty-three colleges and schools, aud sends to them up- warusor fifteen ttousanm mfioiars. Huucombe nas one college and the BiartlingT'iTiiber of one whole school! laughter precisely the same number that you find sustained in several of our villages by the free negroes! i oo nut know that it should be countod as a whole school either, because by reference to tho other col uuui, I see it contains ont ten scholars! Buncombe gives one school lo every 4,000 of her wnue population my district one to every J7a. My district sends one out of live of her white poi ulation to school. Buncombe sends one of 1150! A Voice. You lake no account ot our unvote bc iitiuia, not returned uy ine census. mr, uampueii. nor do i take any account or our private schools. Every log cabin iu my district is a private school-house ! Youcau find those 1 here who seldom set to public schools. In the Ions winte evenings you will find collected by the fire-side, the evidences of that increase of population complained of, a circle of flaxen haired boys and girls. The oldest nas aud home calculating, not tho value of the Union, but probably the number of bushels of corn taken to mar ket during tbe day. In this way many of our people are educated i aud not a few of those thus brought up hud their woy, iu the course of time, to seals in this House. I have a constituent now in mv mind. I Sena tor Corwin,! who was born in Kontuckv. and came to mv district wheu a little boy, which is now his homo, who received his education in une these private bloouii oi oursi At the age ol sixteen ho drove ha suse wasous with sun olios lor the artnv which det'en ed our frontier. Ou his re Hint he was crippled in his wHKouiuK upernuoiis. uem eontineu lor a year, he betook himself to study, umrut the end of that time. without the aid of a teacher, became truster of the Latin and Greek languages I Tifrj " crack of his whip " has been heard in both branches of Congress ; and if the Union is UOt dissolved too soon, wn ivnnld film tn aee how he would manage tho great team of Stato! But I have heard of these " nrivate schools" of the South before, I will apply another test which may be more satisfactory and more just t Iu the five slave States above named there are of whites over twenty years of age. who cannot read or write, 138,000. Iu Ohio (with tho sumo white population) there are of those who cannot read or write, ;t5, 000. Showing In the same slave States, wilh the sumo white population of Ohio, one hundred and three thousand more white adults who cannot read or write limn we to. Your private schools, therefore, are not so efficient us ours,. I will not say that your scholars are not as opt as ours, as that might be regarded as " aggros- j sive." I How is it with Buncombe? Her white population over twenty year old is :i.4A. Of these there are who cannot read or write. 1.:1M). Or for everv three adults who eun read or write she haslwo who can not. Taking her whole white population, there is one to ix who cannot read or write. In my district, we have one to thirty-two. In the five States above named, of inn class, there is one to fourteen. In Ohio, only one to forty-two ! Iu giving these statistics their proper force, two things must be borne in mind. 1st. That tho slave pop- umuen oi ine ooutu, lew ot whom are educated, is not included, ','d. That they have slaves to perform their labor whilst they may go to school, and in Ohio we labor for ourselves. I refer the sentictnen who have pressed this investi gation upon me, to a table, which is the result of some labor. It will be a convenient thing for them. They can at any time, by reference to it, ascertain how happy they are, compared with the people of my State, with as much precision as they can ascertain the day of the mouth by referring to the counting house calendar, or how cold it is by looking ot tho thermometer ! 1 give ine projioriiou ot me wimie white population who, beiug over twenty years old, cannot read or write : led. In 1803, we annexed LouiManu. In 1819, we annexed the Territory of Florida Iu (K l.'i, we annexed the Slate of Texas. In 18-18, we annexed, by conquest, California and New Mexico. In 1H!, we have u stronger movement for annex ins Cuba than we had ten years ul'o in favor of annex ins lex as And now the honorable seuUcnuiu from North Caro lina, Mr. Chnsniaii, untitles us that alter the uext Presidential election, we will annex mat partol Alexi- o on the Golf extending to Vera Crux. The South doe all this, and itih persist in Uie crv if "aggression ! aggression!" Sir, the North has yieb I to tins system too long, ami now sue is determined to Btop it. nm mere are outer aggression wnicu me norm sorely ec. Ihe hoimralde member (mm iNortli Car lino, wuo nas insi iatcn uisseai.i air. veuoitie, i euar ges us with having made aggressions upon the proper- ol the South, tie did uot inform us particularly how nil wheu. 1 oe soum may novo mmie no direct as- grcssioh uikui Northern property, but Southern policy has uggre'Keii upon our iiuiiiBimi interests. Mie has paralyzed iho strong arm of (he laboring freeman of the .orth, which is his property nm ntscapuat, in order mat he prohis of her slave loltor might be enounced, from IHIti to 18:1 the protective policy the etlects of which were lu ndvnncn the interests of free labor without detriment to .Southern interests was supported by the combined action of both political parties. Its effect was to build up manufacture in the iSorth, and furnish an increased demand for tho agricultural products of the Northwest. This increased demand raised the price of those products which were necessary to feud the slaves of the cotton-growing Slates of the South. Tho cry of "repeal or nullification, secession and disunion,' was raised, i ue appalling spec mne ni Ainencnii citi zens shedding the blood ol their own countrymen was about to bo presented to the civilized world.' A great Buncombe county, North Carolina 1-ft North Carolina 1-8 Georgia l-ia Virginia 1-13 South Carolina MI) Alabama 1-14 Mississippi l-li Ohio 1.42 statesman, in whose patriotism and wisdom the North hod confidence, anxious to preserve the glory and re nown of his country, determined to avert so sail a catastrophe, and presented bis compromise bill. Theory nt "disunion then succeeded, ine inform gave way the policy of the South triumphed. I will not at tempt to depict the disastrous consequences to the in- lusiry ol the norm. 1 ue country win long rememoer .1. . i. i--..:.. .-...I :.. iu it ib i m I lie oilier trim ii jhuuui vu til i-f, no, ', iu, suiu 41. I uow proceed , briefly, Mr. Chairman, to examine the other proposiiiun of the gentleman from North Car- line, I Mr. Chugman, j as to me relative degree oi civ ilization and human happiness iu the slave and free Slates. The gentleman has instituted a comparison which, if left unanswered, may injure the interests of the State which I have tho honor in pait to represent. I'pou the question of wh it is true happiness andeont fort ihere may be some difference of opinion. I take q Die gauntlet thrown nown sovauuun iv oy tue non-iruble gentleman, and it is by thisalundiird that 1 bring up Ohio, my nativo State, the "firstborn" under the Oniinance of 1787, ami proudly place her by the side nl ihe Southern Ntntes, to meet her examination ami an unbiassed verdict. I take mv statistics from thecousus tables relumed in 1840- Ohio has about one-half only of thn white population of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, GeoriM:!. Alabama, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississip- l. eight of the " prosperous and huppv slave States, yet lie sends to school Jorty-twa thousand mora children than iho wh.de of them together. Ohio has about the same white population popula tion as North Cam I inn, South Carolina, Alabama, and Mississippi, united, and she has eightten hundred and nf- teen nmru colleges, cademiea, aud schools, than the whole five together, and sends to school one hundred nnt thirtu one inwsana mora cuiuiren i hi miler to bring this test nenrer to our immediate homes, I propose bringing the district I have the honor in answer for here, into comparison with the honorable member's 1 happy " constituents. I do not boast of the intelligence ol my constituents they about nn an cqnlity with the balance the Slate, There is one couniv iu the gentleman's district, whose people, I suppttse, he had iu his unnd s eye when he was depicting the propmus and happy condition of the South! It ought to be the moat intelligent county south of Ms-son and Dixon, if we may judge from the vast number of speeches which have been made for its special improvement. It is the county of Buneowibe, North Carolina I Laugh tar Tho sutiiucs show that my dis- It will be observed that North Carolina stands hiidi- est iu the Kale of human happiness, civilization and refinement, and that the cood Deonle of Buncombe are particularly blest! Laughter. If their distinguished representative here is not satisfied with this exhibition of his constituents, in future he may re- motnoer tne oiu nuage, that " those win. live in glass Houses should not throw stones ! Laughter. Mr. Ashe. Will the geutleman favor us with a comparison of tbe statistics of crime 1 Mr. Campbell. My time is so nearly out that I can not. If it will comfort the ntlemim iu his present tribulation I will admit that Northern penitentiaries snow more convicts than & outturn ones, ihe roasou is obvious to every body, everywhere: we punik our rascals, you allow yours to run at large f Laughter. At least we have seen some recent evidence of this fact. Something about crime has been said by the honorable member from South Carolina Mr. Burt the other day, iu explanation, after the member from Massachusetts LMr. Mann had closed. His purpose seemed to be to relievo Southern people from the charge of cupidity, raised by the assertion, that they would not hang a slave for a crime for which a white man was punished with death. He stated that so far wns th assertion from tniih, the fact was, that a slave was hung for sundry offiences, which, if perpetrated by a white man were not so punished. Now, I have been told, that in many slave States, where the slave is so puuisned, tne law provides that the master shall be paid for him at public expense. I do uot know that this is true. Several Voices. " It 1b true." Mr. Campbell. Then the South is nit relieved from tho implication of mercenary motives by the facts. Mr. Chairman, gentlemen from the South insist upon calculating the value of this Union. We of the North will not. I regard it as more valuable to calculate the vahn of the Proviso against exteudius slavery. Gentlemen talk about their Southern Convention, und about dissolving the I'nion. I have already shown thnt thi is the old scheme of a lew bewildered men, who perhaps are led on, as Mr. lien ton informs us, by an unhallowed ambition ! It is a matter ot deep re gret to me that some of those with whom I deeply sympathized in former struggles, whosn uolde efforts in the causr of their couutry have commanded our admiration, are now disposed to unite with them in the " dream of a separate independence a dream to lie interrupted by bloody conflicts with their neighliors, and a vile dejendeiice on a foreign ower " to join them in renouncing the glorious this of our country in destroying the peace of mankind and deluging our m rum iieiu m uiikmi ; nm w n uiniiioii oi (in Union, it cannot occur! We will not couu-mplate it Ooollv and Hnnlv determined to carrv out ihe irreni ' . . . , "t . v. . principles oi our latners uiiswett ny tue storm which may threaten we will follow ihe advice of the great ud good Washington, "discountenancing whatever may suggest even a suspicion that it ran iu any event be abandoned, and indignantly frowning uimiu ihe first dawning of every attempt lo alienate any portion of our country from ihe rest, or toenteehle ihe sacred ties which now link together the various pons. Nir, the attempt may be made, but the whole North, with thou sauds id the South will resist it to the last! It can be hardly decenary to say that the maker of this speech was Lkwis D. Cam km that he oston- ished die House with his eloquence Do less than he alarmed the Southern members and shamed them into conviction, and that no man in Congress of bis age occupies a mora enviable position, or merits in a greater degree the confidence of DsJogreat Whig party. The people of hiB district may welt be proud of their stand ins at Uie Federal capital, for they secure, as they de serve the thanks of the North, and Uie respect even of the ultra, unforgiving South. CIVIS, I leal tli in Ihe Penitentiary. We state wiih uiuchutimctiou thatduringthe rather severe prevalence of the cholera in this city, the health ol tho in mates in the Penitentiary has been kept re markubly good. It is now just one year since a death has taken place- in that institution. Then- are 400 con victs, aud it argues much iu the favor ot the watchful ness and care of the warden and officers, and the skill and attention of our Iriend Dr. Thompson, that the health of so large a body of men, con lined in one building, should have been so well preserved during so sickly a Benson. The war it Is attempted to be done. The editor of tho Sandusky Mirror, in a long article, perpetrates the following piece of twaddle i " The best joke is yet to come. Tho Whig Conven tion nn tue tmi ni May that was the genuine ortich that was superlatively anti-slavery ! a model unhold of the Pioviso! How so? By slaughtering Ford, we suppose, bocause ho dared to urge the Proviso in a mesogo, after Taylor had recommended Congress to " anstaxn trom us tntroituetum. this is notorious. Nev er was a man ireaied so shabbily the Western Reserve insulted in his person, on account of hisanti-slavery notions !" Now, we think Mr. Taylor knows he falsifying the record when hu talks iu this way. Judge Johnston could not have received the nomination if he hail been opposed to Uie proviso. Ho knows that Johnston, in his very first speech, at the opening of the campaign, at Cincinnati, declared himself iu favor of Ihe proviso. The substance of llmt speech was published in tho pa pers of the State, very generally. At Cleveland, Johu-ston wrote out and published his views more fully. they are Wilmot proviso, fully. Now, if Gov Ford, by daring to advocate tho pro-, vise after Taylor's message, was " slaughtered," what should be the fate of Judge Johnston, who has "dared" to do die siitne thing all over Ohio long since Gov. Ford Inn doim it? Will the Mirror man answer? Will he tell the public how many Whig men or whig papers have" slaughtered " or abandoned Johnston fur this during " act I Heully thia ia small potato business. Mr. Taylor hus u right to cliangu his position to bo first pig and then puppy, and so mi indefinitely. He may be a member of u Locofoco convention that repudiates free soil, and at the samu time claim to bo a champion of Ireo sod. But one thing he cannot be. He cannot be an honest man if ho wrote the above paragraph knowing the facts; and not to know the facts argues a want of knowledge of the current news of the day that is in excusable. The Stiiteaiuun. Meilary has not brains enough to comprehend how he Union is iu danger, since both the North and the South are pleased at the defeat of the omnibus bill. He oes not appear to be aware that it was defeated by a tie vole ; that his great leader, Cass, was and is a friend if the hill and labored for it till the death, and that the sole organ of the Democracy, to wit, the Washington i nton, groans and laments ihe fate of the bill and almost refuses to be comforted. There is a littlo knot of politicians at Washington, of ihe bitter end school, who are determined to carry out the doctrine so boldly avowed by the editor of tho Stalesmoti, that " Mob rule is better by far than Whig rule," and that they will, by all kiuds of lawless resii-tauro, stop tho wheels of government until their behests are obeyed. Why docs not tho Statesman rebuke the Southern i si 1 1 lion ist s in iu party f What ho the editor to say f the Texans, who are now preparing to wage wur gm nt the general government by au armed invasion if New Mexico 1 Does Medary wish to justify, now, the lying pretext on which Polk commeuced tbe Mexican war. by declaring the Rio Grande to be the bouu- ilary of Texas T It is tune for ttie ex Chairman to let us and tbe pub lic know whether hu is iu favor of resisting the contem plated inviisioii of these Southern Hotspurs! The move, I rarrted out, will endanger the necks of two-thirds of the Locofoco leaders in thai sec lion. A Locofoco ad ministration ha got the nation into this difficulty against the earnest remonstrance of the Whigs. Why In uot ihe present Locofoco majority iu Congress take some stes lo get us out? o ask, V"ry deliberately and distinctly, and we hull expect an answer from the Statesman, whether the editor of that sheet, the redoubtable ex-Chairman of the Committee of Public Sufety, IS, or is NOT in fa- lor of resisting the claim of Texas? Shall we over get au answer ? We shall see. mw to winch we have referred, tbe price of wheat win uo one third or perhaps one half whot it ii now. . woi ue anout tifty cents per bushel. wnut effect will it hove upon the hard working farm- of prospects ? It is evident that it will be disastrous " tho extreme. For, instead of one thousand bushels wneut, it will now tike two thousand bushels to pay his note. To all practical effect it doubles the amount m "'debtedness. It requires of him twice as much labor and toil to get a given number of dollars. Ro- member the note is not for bo many bush ds ol wheat It is for so many dollars. It must be paid in dollars. what effect does this reform hove upou the interest mo capitalist 7 doubles his money. It enables him tO buy twice m miicll wheat anrl nnrk nnd ntV.nr tt,.mB ' """iiiona with his thousand dollars as he could bi fore this blessed era of bank destruction. iK practical effect of the hard mmiev doctrine, if carried out, would clearly be, to make the rich richer ami ine poor poorer. There is no clearer proposition m political economy. It would crush the large class of industrious laborers who are in debt. It would at once place In in in the powerof ihe capitalist. Doesourcor-respondent desire such a state ofaffnirs? Hnsi .nv man who has at heart the well being of the people generally, desire it ? We hope this subject may be exam-tned, and that our friend may see the end of bank des- truction belore it ia too late. Tho choice is now before him. rxaor. mere u a peg tactory at nit-rcdim, new Hampshire, which during the last year turned out four teen thousand bushels of pegs. The board of Health of Oirclevlllo report eleven deaths from Tuesday to Saturday nf last week, ami none since. At ChilHcothe there have been several deatha of col ored persons, 15 in all, up to Monday nonu. Near Lancaster there have been several deaths from a disease called sporadic cholera. We hove received a copy of the Iowa Herald, a uew Whig paper, published at Oskalnosa, Iowa. Our coun try jogs along so fast that we shall have to study jog. rufy" to keep up with it. Where the deuce is Oska- lOOSS; T IT Tho census of Massachusetts shows a population id 1850 of 973,000, being an Increase of 33 per cent. within the last 10 years. CF Mr. James E. Heath, for thirty years 1st Auditor of tho Stato of Virginia, ha become connected with the editorial department of the Richmond Whig, Mr. A. aioseiy retiring trom that post. Cr The ravages of thn rholera in Cuba have swept oft' 50,000 laborers. The crop of tugnr wil) conse quently be short . t7 Tho whole length of telegraph lines in the Uni ted Slates is about 18.000 miles, and they are daily in creasing. The prior are now much reduced below tbe tart ng point soma years ago, and a further mate rial deduction will doubtless bo made on all lines be fore loug. The Currency 4iieMion. - Pekhi Co., August 1, i860. Mr. EniToit: I am a democrat, and always vote thi democratic ticket. Hut 1 am also poor. I haveasniall farm, which 1 have bought on credit, and botied by iidusb v and economy to support my large family and pay off the ono thousand dollars 1 owe lor it. 1 find, by looking in my democratic paper, that the leading men of my party promise to abolish all banks aud bring us down to a specie rirt uiniiuu alone, i have beeu thinking something about iliis, nnd want to state what 1 huve thought, nnd then ask a tew questions. It hus occurred to me thai if all b.uik iNiiterwasaltol ihed nnd we were left with nothing but Ihe ban I, llmt here would lie less of nionev afloat than there is now 1 huve seen in my papers that there are several millions more of bills than there is of specie. Now it hus occurred lo me that by altolihuig all thi paper, we nnum not gm ati uigii n price mr our produce as we uo now. 1 have rvad une where, and a seems lo me to stand to reason, Mini prices dctoud somewhat upon the amount of the circulating imdium; end I am a little nlrnid if I go in lor this fittnl money measure 1 shall seriously embarrass myself in paving my debt. The mini of whom 1 bought is a rich man, aud he will like very well to have the prices of produce fall, so that he euu buy double me niiiount or my hay aud wood and wheat lor the same money. But ihe question with mo is, whether 1 can stand it or not. It is about all 1 can do to support my family and pay a very small portion i my tieiiteacn year now. n prices tun much, my income will be very much reduced, and I am afraid I iliall have nothing lo nav ou mv farm. It strike nu thnt the effect of that iiieaaure, li curried out, would be to make my debt in reality as large again or in other wonts, it would take as much again of wheat and pork &c.. to pay the $10(10 ns it would now, while to mv rich neighbor this thousand dollar would be worth lo him twice as much as it is now that is, he could buy twice as much grain and meat with the thousand dollar he ran now. It seems to ine if this hard money idea is carried out the poor man who is in debt will in reality double the amount of his indebtedness, and the rich man will become twice asri h. The only way to mnke the thing at all equal is, lor the man oi whom 1 bought my farm to reduce the uoie to live hundred dollars, or else agree to give me the present prices for my crops. If he won't do either of them, I ihink I must go against this hard nionev doctrine. It seems to me ihe direct and onlv lonueucy ia ui mssa ion ucu man ncner ami tne poor man poorer, ami tins, i ono aiway neam, was uie oiu lei I rrnl doctrine. Will you inform me of your views about my duty and ihe effect upon my pmsterity of the proposed re turn). Yours, Ac. YV . R- Our friend is undoubtedly right iu his idea nf affairs, and it is a matter of so much magnitude that It ought to attract the attention of every ono who is in a similar situation with himself. The issue has bu n boldly made by ihe self-styled democracy on tho hard money qi lion. We have been told, both in the political and coin Btitntioiinl convention, that ihere shall be no more banks that the constitution shall contain a clause ex prcsily prohibiting the Legislature hum over chartering any of those institutions, and that ihe insu who fullers or flinches iu the present struggle, is no democrat. This is the important quesiioii hi he act I ted by the election this fall, anil upon its settlement ihe future policy of the Stato depends. It is clearly a proposition in political economy thnt, ithnr things being equal, tho price of articles produc I depends upon the amount of circulating medium is also a fact about which ihere can be uo dispute, that wn have now more of that medium than we would have if all tbe banks were annihilated. It is, then, pi fiin and evident proposition, that every tailoring man who la In debt will suffer by iho adoption nf this hard money system, and on tho other hand, the capitalist, the non-producer ho who holds Ihe farmers' and la borers' notes for a given number of dollars, w ill be the only one to reap a benefit from tho same. II A. buy n farm tiwlny, and agrees tu pny one thousand dollars for it, and gives his note far thnt amount lo 11.; he looki about to soc how many bushels nf wheal hemuil raise to pay Ihe debt. Suppose the wheat under the present order of things is worth mic dollar per bushel, A. must raise one thousand bushels of wheat to take up his note. This ha ia able to do in the time note has lo run. He can see his way through clearly. But suppose the banks are nil put out of existence, and bank pawr is alt destroyed. Wo will have about one third of the currency for circulation we now enjoy The Ureal Attention of the Day How hub come upon us, and who U Responsible for It Courae of the Ohio iNifitcMnun ' 1844 on Texas Annex niton. Every candid, impartial observer of events, is aware of the fact that the great difficulties which now surround our government, have arisen, diroctlv or indiroctlv. from the annexation of Toxus. Men of sense and discernment saw in the campaign of 1844 great hazard to me tmuce, quiet aud stability of our government if that measure should be consummated. Tire people of Ohio will not soon forget the eloquent and prophetic "jHDnui cwnig, vorwin und others at that period. While tho Whig party saw and endeavored to av. rt the danger, tho Locofoco party, both in Ohio and all over the Union, united in shouts lor " Polk, Dallas, and Texas." Annexation or ami -annexation was the aues- tion iu this State. Tho people decided by over SIX inuur;iu majority against annexation. But the measure was carried by the conduct of fifteen thou- sand anti- Texas men in Now York, who refused to vote tor the Whig cuiujidutcs, and thus elected the Polk and Texas ticket, and made Polk President of the United States. Subsequent event are now matters of history. It wus claimed, and not without an appearance of lus- tico, that the American people had decided in favor of annexation, it was consummated in an extraorditury manner, aud wu have uo doubt by the use of extraordinary mean. The war with Mexico, and the vast acquisition of HHiuurj reaimiHg iroin inat measure, have aguin un.ugiit upou us .he iliscuBsioii of the dun t; emus and exciting question of slavery au(j ,1,, extension. There is no man who due not now know that the prime ob ject of Ihe annexation of Texas wns to strengthen the iiave interest, and enable them to coutiuue their su premacy in the affairs of this nuliuu. This was avow ed by many of the eminent men of that lime, and ad mitted by tnuny Northern Democrats, who afterward used their utmost lo consummate the iniquitous scheme. It is therefore evident that the resitousibility of ibis agitation aud disturbance, that now threaten the sta bility of our government, is justly chargeable upon the pporters ol Polk and Texas annexation. Wo did our best, in our humble sphere, to prevent it. The Whig Mtrly did its best to prevent it. No doubt a ma- onty of the tree men of the United States opposed it but about one twentieth pail of them saw fit lo array themselves against the other nineteen twentieth, and ihe 1 1 lends of the measure triumphed. But wo com in ei iced this article tho more particularly for the purpose of showing to the people of Ohio, at this crisis, the couiso of the Ohio Statesman in 1844, on the great question of annexation- It is known thai the Legislature of Ohio, during the winter of 1837-8, we dunk, when there was a decided locofoco majority iu oath branch, unanimously passed resolutions opposing the annexation of Texas to the luded State. It is also known Ihat Mr. Vuu Buren was in 1844 ihe special favorite of the Ohio democracy lor President, aud that he was opposed to the annexation scheme. When ihe famous Texas treaty was before tbo Senate, tho question was generally discussed through tbe country. The Statesman had a Wawiug- tou i-orresK)iident, who signed his letters " Per 8e." On the 22d April, that jiaer contuined a letter from this correspondent, from which we take tho following extract, it is proper to observe that the editor no where expressed any dissent from his correspondent. and it is fair und proper to infer that, at thai time, "Per Se spoke ihe language of the editor. Spanking ol theluxaa treuty, tlio rorrespoudent of tne statesman says: "f On ihis llhiect our opinion is unchanged aa In the action of tho Senate. The treaty ia now before them, and will lw promptly lnid on the table, postpoued or rejected. The vole will bo neither a itarty or a soc- tiunslvote; hut a vote which will lay ihe treaty out as dead as a mackerel. So we think so we hope, pri-1 vately, aud we believe, in the spirit of au American. I If Teiaa is not able to take care of herself, she must become by the annexation, an addition to the Union, like a sickly old wommi, brought into a family of young ones, an expense, a quarrelsome case, ami a casefor quarrel incessantly among the sisterhood. Let her take care of herself. 1 protest against bee tiling one of the sureties for the payment til the debt of Texas, while the means I meeting my own are not in my power. There is much of sound good sense iu this teltter. The quarrelsome character of this young sister is beiug developed tolerably fully iiIkhiI these days. On tbe 1st of May, IHI4, the Statesman contained Mr. Van Buren's famous anti-annexation letter. In that letter, among "tlier thins he said 1 In the Chillicotho Court house, on Monday last, two mumbara of the liar wsimI wralbv. and ramH t, 1.1, iw I hot woto immediately arrested by order of Judge 1 lw production being ine saino in amount, uie quo Whitman, when they apolofiiod, and werediaohargnd. I tioo is, what will be the price ? Following tho general But what, my dear sir, is tho true and undismiised character of the remedy for these evils which would he applied by the 'immetliateanuexaiion -f Texas to the L mted States!' J it more or less than saying to i ei ico, r ieei ourselves aggrieveil by Ihe roulinu-ance of this war between you aud Texas ; we have on interest in seeing it terminated ; we will accoinnlish thai object by Inking the disputed territory lo ourselves; we win mnae texo a pari oi me uuitcd Slates, c. This letter of Van Buren accorded so well with nor thern views that it threw the Ohio Locofocos into per fertecstary. On the 3d of May the Statesman glori fied over the great good it would produce, as follows: "Mr. Vas) Barest. This great far seeing statesman has won sohleu opinions by his Texas letter. Every body ia admiring aim euiogismg it. nven ma enemies knock under. It ill win him rivis thousand votes in Ohio.' It will he remembered ihat Van Buren was to be pre sented to the Baltimore convention in June, and it was confidently predicted thnt he would be nominated. To prepare the minds of the Democracy for this event, and to make a littlo capital for in in in advance, tlio Stales- man of the 2!th May contained a Jong article. We take the following from it, and ask tho careful attention of the people of Ohio to the statement therein con- lamrd : " When the proposed annexation was first hmnehed, it was accompanied by on outcry aguitist ihe llriiish tor aiienipuiig to got possession oi iho country. The cry wns, tingland would get hold of it ami abolish slave ry- ' 1 lie British would get Texns nod ruse cotton. to tne great iinurv ot mm I hern pi miters. Thov would mnke n tree eouutry (here, ami all our sfaves would run ou io mem. mi taio wus lor the people to eteile their jeolou y. mid sine INTO ANNEXATION , WITH A HUSH. 1 " When the ire ity waa sent in for confirmation, it was not urged before the S. Hide iitu these grounds, as they were proven In be totally Cdse and uiiloiinded. They were raised alone for the purpose of deceiving iho people as In the real object, and not a tittle of evidence was adduced to show llmt England wn deainui of getting possession of Texas, or was iu the least dt-greeeierttng h rsell to net iplishlh.il obj. ct. "On tbe contrary, iheie were dUtinct official disa-vowmetits of any such wish on the part of (ijvut llrii-alnj and so clear ami conclusive wm this, that Mr. Citlhonn, the Secretary of Stnte, who made the treaty, did not dure to place it before the Senate on these ground, u The real object in annexation a-es. the PEHPETIJA- TION AND EXTENSION oF SLAVEHY. and of tho political power of the slave Slates! This Wu the ground iiHn which ihe Tieatv was placed before the Sena i e. The nutluna "f the Treaty desired to see sla very perpehintttl in ihe S-nilll. They ties iml to see the BhiveholduiL interest more powerfully represented in Congress. They wished io gel iho cniilmlliug iutlu- vni r in hid councils in me uiiiioll. Be U re me m I e red, this wn just before ihe Hal ii more Convention. It wns at a time when the Statesman thought Van Buren wato lie fsnnau. Then the whole nhjertt of annexation wa " the perpetuation and ejiension of sfforry.' Then, the South, by annexation, " wished to gel the controlling influence in the councils the nation,' TI .1 . .uOU, pe0pi0 wer8 Mi ,hat the Brftiih w(jre ibont lOMire T...! and thi, wu told "to f,)UrM and irmthem into annexation WITH A RUSH '" Nim .looa the cue befonuhe Baltimore Oonvend.m. we ,ro to believe tlio editor of tho 8late.man, he nnd for yein been , fmor ol auCIatiun Thj . lion of Vau Buren, however, turned hi. oour.e, aod, willI be frm Ule ,ove extrMtt( , Slttmnttm waa a decided anti-annexation im,n,.l T, .jj Van Buren'. letter. It told the people that the whole Texa. ichi-me wu a plan to mend .awry and .lavainfluence. But a chance came over the anirit of hi. The Democratic Convention asaemblcd. The parly wuin the control of Mllthorn men. who were intomar. ed in thi. ilave extension project. Van Buren'. ami-annoxalion letter wu the death of him there, aud, though the majority were iu hi, favor, yot, by adopting tho two-lhirdi rule, the ,laverj- eitrtukraiiU triumphed over the North, aud Jamea K. Polk wu nominated for rreiulent. Thia wu a triumuh of the Turn, man They theu paaud reaolutiona making the immediate auneiation of Telu a cardinal principle in the democratic creed, and ita aupport a te.t of democracy. A. loon m it waa known that Van Buren waa over board, and that Polk and Tela, tnuit both be swallow ed, if either, the Statesman, at once, without a moment's hesitation, turned square about, tore down Von Buren's name, and run up that of Joraea K. Polk, tore from iu creed the anti-annexation doctrines of Van Buren, and hoisted tbe Texas flag at its mast head ! Aud from mat time onward tho editor ho been consistent hi his advocacy of this v.i. During the Ions and oxcitius campaign of 1844. "Pulk, Dallas aud Texas" was tho war-cry of that party in Ohio, led on by the editor of the Statesman. Tbo only excuse given for this sudden and entire change of front was, that the party had chau- geai it was the only excuse, and to men who had no principle, and who cared nothing for the welfare of the nation, it was a sufficient reason. In the course of events. Polk was elected President of the United States. Annexation of Texae soon followed. In duo time came the Mexican war conoueat new territory; and now, in this year of grace 1850, we find a Democratic Congress, with majorities in both Houses, with the entire control of business, in both Houses, quarreling for more than eight months about the question of slavery in these acquisitions, to the neg lect of all the usual business of legislation, and to tho serious detriment of the peace and quiet of tbe coun try. Who, then, in view of all these things, is responsible for this position of afijirs 7 Which of the two great parties has brought this delay aud this danger upou tho Republic T Who will bo held up, by the future tmpar tial historiun, as the men that brought upon us the dangers and troubles of 1850? It won't do to say there are no troubles. If all is fuir sailing if things are all right what excuse has the Democracy in Congress to render to the people for their delay. It is now tbe month of August. Congress has beeu in session over eight months, and yet the slavery question is uot set tied. We suy to the people of Ohio, these things have come upon us by the conduct of the Democratic party. Upon them is the fearful responsibility. And yet, how is this Bubject treated by the editor of the Statesman? What ii the course of that sheet and its supporters T Do they act or talk like men who had been the instruments of this mischief 1 Would any body suppose these men had done this act, that has paralyzed Con gress, and the nation; and that they have a majority and a controlling influence in the two departments of Uie law making power ut Washington T What do THEY propose to do to get us out of this trouble f Whut is their plant The responsibility ia upon Mni. Do they know it f Do they realize it T Do they core any thing about the effects of the storm they hove raised T To show how sudden was the conversion of the Stateeman after Polk's nomination, aud to demonstrate the hypocrisy and utter want of all principle in it, we give one more extract of Juno the 24th, 1844. Wn especially ask attention to tho concluding phrase, " Let no one bo deceived by tho cry of slavery.' Who doci not now know and fully realize that ibis whole trouble has arisen from this cause : "A large portion of Texas is the most beautiful, rich aud healthful of tho earth's surface it naturally be longs to us it was ours by treaty it is ollered to us now by its rOBesors ami if we sutler it to go into the hands of some European monarchy, to fence us in on the south-west, we deserve not the name of freemen, and from that moment we may look for our star to begin its downward course. ' Let no one be deceived by the cry of slavery, Sio. New York Correspondence. Ntw York, Augusts, 1850. The ship Ticomleragu, from Liverpool, which went ashore uear Fire island on Monday last, still remains aground, though, it is thought, that through the tho exertions now being used, she will be afloat again in two or three days. Iter cargo was a large and valuable one, and will probably all be lauded without material damage. She had on board, wheu she struck, about four hundred jasoiigers, who were all landed in safety ou Long Island, wheuce they have since been brought to this city. The Ticouderoga was but recently built, at a cost of $80,000. She was insured for 150,000 altogether, in several offices iu this place. Generul Paei, w ho arrived at Philadelphia some day ago, waa publicly received here by our authorities to day. Ou lauding, he wus met by tbe military and es corted to the Astor House, the proprietors of which had volunteered apartments for his accommodation during his stay in New York. Ashe passed through Broadway, much enthusiasm was manifested by tho spectator who linetl that street. It was tlio intention to receive, in like manner, and nt the same t ime, en. Qarabuldi, the hero of the Italian struggle for liberty who reached our shores a few days since, by the ship Waterloo, from Liverjool. Unfortunately, however, before the vessel arrived at our port, ho was severely attacked wilh rheumatism, and, in consequence, remained on Stateu Island for medical treatment, instead of coming Ut our metropolis. His sickness still continuing, it wns found inexpedient or impossible to remove him, at present aud it may be sorao time yet before he will be enabled to leave the island. The doings of Garabaldi do uot meet everywhere a like degree of favor, even among republicans. Nona can doubt his bravery however, or his anient desire to see his country free. His character is probably too much of the Socialist order to exalt him very high a-mong all in this country. Such would seem to be tho case, from the fact that the civic foreign societies who have resolved to unite in a procession, ou his eutrauce iu New York, to accompany him to his quarters, have decided that no member of tho same shall be admitted in the procession, who does wear the red badge. This is the insignia of ihe anarchists of France, w hose wish is to reduce all to one level, aud its introduction, in thia manner, here, is, to some, a matter of perhaps well founded objection. The steamer Canada reached her dock at Jersey City at about 2 o'clock P. M.. to-day. Her voyage 1ms consequently beeu thirteen days io length- We learned with much pleasure, ih it tho second outward trip of the Pacific wns made iu tell days and a half. Tho steamers of Collins' line ore destined to surpass greatly iu SHed any steamers now plying between hero aud Eunc. Though the price of passage by them is ten dollar higher limn that by the Cunurd line, yet they are patronized already to a greater extent, tlio Atlantic, which sailed on Saturday lust, having hail on board one hundred and twenty passenger, whereas tho America, which succeeded her lour days Inter, tttok only eighty. It is announced that tho Cuuard company aro about building another line ol steamers, In bo propolbtl by screw, to ply from England to our port, to lie davot-d principally lo the convoying ol freight. Such vessels would probably mnkn iho voyago iu from sixteen lo eighteen day. I much doubt, however, whether the enterprise, if perfected, wil prove profitable. John Hull, however, is most welcome to try it. He will find Americans a able ami willing lo compete with him, in ihe same mnnner, us they have been heretofore in every thing relating lo mitigntioil- The woollier during ihis week has been, here, intensely hot. To-day. however, the atmosphere is Bonie- what cooler, ami wo uopo mat tue grea uuiu oi ma summer is now over. Business, owing to iho heat, has not been very animated. The importations coutiuue to be largo, nnd lite amount in the sob-treasury reaches again nearly five millions of dollars. Last month, the receipts for duties at ibis port were 4,00-000. It has never helbre occurred that any sum an large us this has been received in the month of July, or, I believe, during any other ono month ol ihe year. It seems that the importations have been considerably antirieied ibis season ; we look now for a falling otf shortly, whereas, usually they are heaviest in August and September. Should ihis not be the case, our markets will evidently be completely overstocked with European goods, which must range low in consequenco. Tours, truly, W.

VmTUME XL? " COLUMBUS, OHIO, T0ESDA Y, AUGUST 13 1850, NTT iUITFTj ' . -.- -yWMMMMWMW"MWi . ... ' ' L'XX'J-iXV W, I'UHMHfiKD EVERY TUKHDAY MljKNINO, BY HCOTT & HAMCOM. OFFICE SOUTH ! AST COENEO Of UIOH it. AND SCOAE ALLEY. TERMS Invariably In advance. vVeelr-y per annum In Columbus OM ol tfin city ; by mail, single Toe nhs nt lour and unwinds Tm iibsot ten and upwards, to one Hildres Daily, -. unin Tri-Wekly, do Wwkly do., slngl To clubs ol tlvo and upward! The Journal la also published Daily and Trt Weekly during the year; ualiy pur annum, oj man, oa ; in-rvwf, Nate of AdvertUInK Weekly Paper. One square, 10 line or 1pm, ntif insertion " " " each additional " ' " " 1 month " 9 " 3 " " " fi " is " changflablpmontlily, par annum " " " weekly " " Standing card, ono square or low, " V ooIaiiiD,c)iangeablequrtrly," " Othfreases not provided for, cbargtjablo in conformity with tho dots ratfi. All leaded sdvprtisementa to bo charged not leu than double the above rntei, and measured aa if solid. Advertisement on the inside exclusively, to be charged at the rato of HI per cent, in advnnre on the anove raws. ....tf U0 1 51) .... 1 US .... 1 w .... a im) .... 1 IH .... 50 .... 40 ..0 50 .. 0 41 .. 1 itf . . li '-'5 .. 3 00 .. 5 00 ..8 0) ..20 IKI ..2H 00 .. 8 00 ..35 00 ..(Ml 00 .1(10 00 TUESDAY EVBNINO, AUGUST G, 1820. Declined. The Intelligencer of August 2d says: " Wo very much regret to learu tluit tho Hon. Ed won! Bate of Mo,, now in this city, is prevented by hie private rehi- tiotiB and engagement! fromaccepting the office ot Hoc rntary of War to which he had been appointed by the Executive. Ho wai from home when notified of bin appointment, and came to this city for the purpose of making known in person to the President the reusoiis which oblige him to decline tlio honor tendered lo hitn." Clalphins. Nottiing I) an ever seemed to conn- home to the " li ness and bosoms" nt' tlio locofoco managers like the Galphin business. They have never before shown any tenderness of stomach in such matters. They supported John B. Weller fur Governor, when they kuew he was a defaulter to the Duller county treasury. The fuct was published every where except in their own papers, hut they never winced. On iho contrary they eemed to like him a little the better for it. They iiut only voted for him, but insisted iu declaring biin Gov eruor when it was ascertained by counting the votes that he was beaten. They abused most shamefully Mr. Randall for declaring Ford elected over him when they knew he was so elected. Then they got him appointed commissioner to run the Mexican boundary line, iu which place he defaulted again. We never heard any of them condemn it. Then there was Pat Collins; what did they say about him T Did they not refuse to condemn him 1 aud did tboy not abuse every body who did condemn him T Has not Mi. Disney, the locofoco member of Congress from Hamilton county, recently announced in his plnce thai ho has himself undertaken to manage the matter, nut on the side of the govern-1 ment.but on the side of the defaulter ? Just think of it ! A member of Congress, elected to look after the inter-' ests of the people, engaged to manage through the business of a defaulter, and use his influence in his favor. What sort of a Galphin is that f Taking eight dollars a day from the public treasury to pay him for exerting his influence to bring out the accounts of Pat Collins ! Yet this is the same Mr. Disney titwu whose report the condemnation of the Galpliin claim is based. No locofoco has a word of complaint about that. Ou the contrary, we presume the whole locofoco delegation from Ohio will exert itself to screeu Pat Collins' sureties. How wasitwith.ArAWy? He and Pat are both dead, but did any locofoco press ever condemn MeNul-ty fur appropriating, by wholesale, the government money to private uses, when he was clerk of the House of Representatives I Is there not some military char acter about Zanesville some worthless man, who was got into the commissary department by locofoco ; iuthiem-e during the Mexican War, and who turned out defaulter? Was he not a particular friend of the Ex-Chairman of the Committee of Public Safety 7 aud is not that virtuous and indignant individual one of his sureties, and already sued as such T Nay, is not the chief sachem of Ohio locofocoism the Stnto printer himself who cries Galphin! Gaiphin1 from morning till night ia not he already sued iu the dated Slates circuit court as a defaulter T Aud who is the surety of this anti-bank man this scrupulous and ingenious democrat, who teaches that uo true democrat can have anything to do with bankers, and whose paper is filled with articles. long and short, to show that the board of control of the Stale Bank of Ohio is au outragous contrivance to defraud the people of their rights and liberties 1 Who was Aw surety and friend, and who is uow sued with him, tia such, in the I1. S. circuit court? Who but I he PKK'inKitT of (hat nefarious board of control ! Well, in it worth while to goon with the list? Is it not apparent that those men must feel very indig-uant about the Galphin matter T Who can doubt their sincerity? Who can fail to believe their statements, made with such remarkably eonscientious airs f How many of these same men, two years ago declared there was no law by which a legislature could beheld, and are now holding otlico and drawing public money under no other law than the one which they snid did not exist, and ihe one which they recommended the people ol the State rather to civil war than to acknowledge i. a existence. Great patriots these; wondrous lovers of the people! How they hate vice! How they are shocked if any body gets the public money but themselves. h Imiiiirtitioi'. Do not mistake inu. Mr. President. do not make these remarks from any hostile feeling towards foreigners. I entertain no such feelings. 1 make them Tor the purpose of showing, that if ever thoso miserable clauish feelings ttiat now wuien uie gap in society by setting the Irishman on the throat of the Dutchman; by stirring up the aticieut prejudice of the Gaul against the Briton; and by. provoking the jealousy ot the native-born American against them all cnu be broken down, it ia by an efficient and uniform system of common school education; because no prejudice of family or nation con Im an strong as the bonds ot yniithlnl triewlship strengthened ny me uihiiihe ru-collections of school-boy associations. 1 moke them for the purport of showing, that if ever a patriotic devotion to the honor and interests of our own country is to be made a part of the education of our own children, it can never be so effectually done as by a well regulated system of free schools; because nothing can so much eudenr their country and its institutiojis to them, us the grateful recollection that they are indebted for their education to the munificence of those institu- Iriore of it. The modest, decent, truthful Statesman that never tells lies that never alludes to men's private affairs that iu nil ihings is so circumspect and dignified (T) hod another regular pop-gun discharge ou Tuesday night. It seemed the editor swallowed a piccn of iho Journal, done up in the Elevatot ! We are glad that the Statesman has so substantial a friend as it brass about, We hope Medsry may always be able to get as respectable mid respnnnible bail as he did when he was Post Master. We never grumbled or complained in the h ost about it- We simply thought that n nmn who was, by turtt, (wheu there was no bunk in this city that wanted a charter,) so savage i against banks, aud so fond of denouncing every hanker as a knave, a villain, a cnl-thront, &c, did not cut a ry consistent figure iu having these confidential bu siness relations with the President of this " den of thieves," that a suit in the circuit court disclosed. It wuh simply a dinclosuro of Medury's conriilency. It wus showing the world the difteroiice between his talk for buncombe, and his acts. But it seems this Columbus Galphin, Inking his word for it, has iUpoiicl the amount due from him to the United States. This was done after suit had been com menced agniust him for it. Now, that other Galphin at Washington otlered to deposit the money he received on the claim, if the government would sue him. The dif ference between the Georgia Galphin anil the Columbus Galphin is, that the Columbus one was tued before he depoiited ! " whereas the Georgia one ottered to de posit, if the government would tue. Wo never knew a case of Galphtuisin yet, where tlio man that got the money could not make a plausible reason for it. Some error in the accounts; some charge against the government ; something or other is scraped up to ease off, and tisly the public. It don t take a very ingenious man to make a very plausible story for himself, especially when he can manufacture nil the facts necessary. The scoundrel who, at this time, anil with the truth before the world, will insinuate that Mr. Ewing ever attempted to " trade off an office for house rent," odds but another to the long list of infamous acts that have made biin the disobach of his party, and their cause, aud which have lost him the respect and confidence of the decent ones in its ranks, as was manliest by the way they kicked Aim and his grumblings nut of the Constitutional Convention. That editor wilt hnvo devout cause to thank God when he ever sees the day that he has the resiect and confidence of the people of this country that Thomas Ewing now has. Not only the Whig pnrty ol Ohio, but sensible men every where have hailed his appointment as Senator with pleasure, and it will take more labor more tune and tuleuti than that Galphin editor can ever bring to bear, to make any intelligent, sensible man believe fur a moment, that Mr. Ewing, as .Secretary of the Interior, has uie any act that should for n moment forfeit the conh-Mice aud respect of the country. Even the bitter end " Union," at Washington, has nothing derogatory y of his appointment. He has the respect of re spectable Democrats there, which he has earned by a long life of toil, ability and uudeviating integrity. It is left for such low Blunderers, such ribald, jealous tra- ncers us the editor of the Statesman, to retail explo ded slanders and rotten falsehoods. He is welcome to all he can make by it. We take buck the remark that the President of the Board of Control is Mcdary's standing bail. We ore not sure but that such a charge is libelous, because we confess it would argue rather strougly n gainst any man's good sense nd discretion to be placed iu thato-silioii. Another of Uie "lioob fceeiiei, It happened at a certain Jlate Education Convention, ns long "fin us 181!, which was attended by the present Whig candidate for Governor, that a learned Pro. lessor in one of our colleges, advocated the tenchiig ol t.ie French and Spanish languages in our common school under certain circumstances which he men tioned. As might be expected, this drew down a crushing rcNjMinse In tin Johnston, which we give below t And hen-1 cannot refrain from remarking, llmt nearly all our lasliioiiiilde schools fertile pducntion of the wealthy classes of society, and all I he literary periodicals t have read, with a few exceptions, have an anti-American tendency. Indeed, such is the r.iye for for eign manners, and foreign fashions, hint foreign tongues, that your barlier shaves you acconliut! to the fashion latest from London or Pan! lour Imlv's milliner dresses her out with a Victoria bonnet! and the dun-dies heir in to rurse their u rooms, and the madames ti scold their husbands, in French ! white good old uttri- utic latikre Doodle nucl Hall Columbia rivo way ti the Ituliau Air and Polish Waliz! And here 1 I'e'nr shall come in contact witn the views of my gmid friend from Cincinnati, ( Professor Stows,) iu relation to the introduction nt some of the living Ungual's into our schools as a part ol common school education. In dolus so, I hope, indeed 1 know, 1 shall sive uo offense A gentleman, whose let mine (ureal and acknowledged as u is) is not so bright an ornament to his character as is lu love ol iruiu, win puniou me all 1 mm 1 1 say trom u honest conviction of what is riidit, even if it should not meet his views. I do not believe, ns my friend does, that Miuinisli, or rrencti, or oilier lanifuajies, ei ther living or dead, except whero the necessity of tlie cose may require it, should ever liecutne a pnrt of our common school education. The ultempt to introduce-litem would defeat the benevolent obiect of the ceiitle- maul because at Inst it would he only the children of tue ricn wiio cnuiu enjoy us ueuenis, itie poor man who has a large family to educate, (and children art the poor man's blessing.) requires the labor of the el der children to support the younger onest and indeed he cannot support idem without ill and wheu the imui illation of our country shall become more dense, and the rents of property and the price of land dearer, the labor of the jmor man's children will become of more aud more importance to him. The period theu to be employed at school, being necessarily short, ought to be tie voted to the Dctpureniciii ot that Kuni ol knowledge most important iu the common oeratious of life. Aud after reading, writing, arithmetic, English gram mar, senirrnphv, mathematics, mechanics, and uthei pnicticii branches shall be nc niiired, there will be lie time left for the study of brnm li- s, in say the must n them, of secondary importance. And would it he ad visable to fritter awny the time of y.mth on such pur suits T But " there ia no disputing about taste." Give me the solid beef, and bread, and bacon, and potatoes. of learning ; and let those who can, subsist on the sweetmeats. But would beopHised to that course of education, bemuse our common school education should bo patriotic : and to be patriotic, it should he American iu its chnracier. Yes, it thou Id be American in its character, even at the risk ol being hoinelv- 1'ln association between the tune aud the ballad is m strntiu'er thnii ihat between the sentiment and the Inn ituae of a nation : ami when you adopt its laiiituoue you take its feelings and its inn line is along wuh you "for better or for worse." Ami is there anything in the fiddling frivolity of France, or the bigoted hauteur of Spniu, llmt would be worth engrafting ou the ctiarncieroi au American repuolicani t cannot oe-lieve thnt the character of our people would be improved by the contact with either. As for my own art, if driven to a choice between evils, I would not now whether to elect a French Revolution or a Span- From the Ohio Cultivator. Mrs, Hwlsshelm on Bad Husbands Puriber Remark by Aunt Patience, Mrs. Swiunhehn, in a recent No. of the Saturday Vis-r, suns, 41 We have had another letter from the lady who thinks men are all tyrants; and she stilt maintains her position." After going on to Bay that in her opinion the world would not be decidedly benefit ted bv re- cordingthe number of limes that Billy Brown or Johnny Smilli st:njtlcii tueir wives otioul tluu heel steaks, and passing n pr per condemnation upon the disposition manifested by munv to mako the greatest possible ado about a divorce, as though the public had a right to pry into all the secret griefs of two whom the law hu thought wise to separate, she comes out in the lollow-ing chiirurtcrittic remarks: ' Many people very strati Re I y mistake us, and think because we nre, and have so long been a zealous advih :aio nf woman's riidits, we must therefore be a ' man Initer' ready to cry out on all occasions, M), the horrible men!' think we have had some terrible expo hence, and been most fearfully abused. Now, ladies, ist permit us to set vu num. W o never were serious- V itmmsed uihiii bv anybody never in our lives; nnd here have not been men enotiuh bom yet, nor even ho llies thnt have become men, ever lo imttnse upon, op ines or enslave us. All the legislature iu creation. .hinod, could never make us sucti a slave us some women write to tell us they nre, even iu despite laws that would free them. Our father was n muii.uud when we were but ten years old we went with him l the very jsirtals of heaven, and stood there while he iiertu. ii whs once sniti oi mm, oy one who Knew him well. ' 1 Have olleu looked nt I nomas Uniiuou oliil said, behold an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile.' lie was a man ol suiguiiir purity ot uie tlio nest iiiul kindest of husbands and fathers. Alter twenty years stent together, his dying testimony to mother was, ' ion may have (mills, Ainry ot course there is im human beini; without faults but I never saw yours.' ve had the dearest, nnd kindest, and lira vest of brother. Vtewere the pride ol his eyes aud ho ol utirs, imt deatii took him ions auo, ami we lutve adopted (hose ihe law h is given us, it would be bard lo per suode us Hint one ol these has a serious fault, or indeed any fault at all. I lieu we nave uau a ureal aeai oi nustuoNs niter- course wiih men very few women nf our nge have had more ami we seldom over encountered a mean man. We have I rusted some implicitly, who hud the name or hem 2 arrant pcuo, and uever hud const! me it. We have our ollice in the midst of a great bee hive nl editor, retsirters, pressmen and 'devils' and lien spend two days ill the week there sometimes go back iu the evcuiiui.iind work by gns liht until ten lot k; and for the lileot us, wecauuoi imagine where all the had men come Iroin. Now hold a moment, trieml Jane, that will do for nice. We rend read o'er, your glorious defence of the tther sex, ready to say "amen" to every sentiment and how we gloried in the thought that there was one woman who would so lar respect hertell and her own riulits, that she might safely eulogie the very class whom others might justly regard as oppressors. But Mir Blorihcation soon ended, wectiunced to tie seated at the hospitable hoard of a farmer, a man whoso sou; ould not well brook to see the weak oppressed by the strong, and he culled our attention to the, fact ihatinthe oinesiiu arrnnueuients ol some iimiiies, nm a hundred miles I mm ihe capital of our glorious State, there was he most menn, sellisii oppression. (So manor wiial tlio luties nf the patient wife, no mailer how inclement the weather, husband and sons would stretch out their long limbs by the kit lu-n fire while she went to unlk the cows; often obliged to go ankle deep in the mire Unit the indolent louts had failed to see removed from the void. Now. if theso are not mean men, Mrs. S., wo will look a linle further, for sure we are, we have got on the truck nt some at least, remaps the patient wile nn ir lit to rebel, and let them suffer the consequences o letting the rows go without milking. Iml tliu trouble usually is. there o.e several hnniirv liitlo ones that will make discordant music all day if mother does not see that thov are furnished with milk. Now, whether the present generation will over he able to throw on the shackles or not, we canuoi suy hut we want to say to the suls, when ynu vouiih men that will lountte about the house while their mothers milk the cows, just rememember that y u have found lost the chapsto make up tue aenuine article tliu Mrs. Swisshclm has failed to find mean, conteinpli ble, hud men. WuNliJiiKtoii Correspoiideuce Who siand by the North-Post lion of lloa. Lewis D. Campbell. Washington, July 25, 1850. In my last I spoke generally of the two great parties, and of the stale of tho country. I wish here to speak more particularly of men. It is now a part of the history of the country, that at the comencement of the present session of Congress the great struggle belweeu tho North aud the South commenced with the opening of the party caucuses, preliminary to a permanent organization. Bothgreat parties were peculiarly situated. But it was the whig party that stood upon the constitution and defended the rights of the North. It was the wlig party, North and South, that opposed the Mexican war, and the acquisition of Mexican territory. It was the whig party that predicted that war that foretold with prophetic earnestness the dangers that are now upon us Among tho members from the North, particularly from the North-West, who took their seats for the first time at tho commencement of the present session, were many who, though ardent and devoted whigs men who had been identified almost from their infancy with the whig party did uot openly support Gen. Taylor's nomination, and did not vote for his electiou. It is not now necessary to explain why. And it would not then have been necessary for them to have withheld their votes ami influence from Gen. Taylor had the people been as familiar with his exalted character as they are at this day. Ou tho other li'iiid, there were nieii from Ihe South, professed whig", who had boasted of hovingaccomplish- d ihe uomina ion of Gen. Taylor, despite the North, who came to Congress, at the commencement of the 'BBion, armed with sectional fire-brands, and fully de termined to bully tho North into their measures, or u stroy the party and the country in tho attempt. In i the preliminary whig caucus they made their beginning, aud defeated the nomination of Robert 0. Wiuthrop, not because he was justly obnoxious to any section, but becuu.se he vvus a northern man. These southern isorguuiers were joined by the free soilers of the ; North, who were elected by locofoco votes, and with their aid the Speaker's chair wns filled by a rank and lira southern slaveholder. But while theso things were going on, those free-soil bigs, who had declined voting for Gen. Taylor, stood p for the whig party and for the Notb like island , rocks in ihe raging ocean. Day after day, week after I week, they sat in their seats, breasting tho tierce as- saultsof faction, aud voting as iheir names werecalled, lor the Northern whig candidate. They were bullied, abused, threatened, insulted. Personul collision and j ioleuce seemed unavoidable; and, but lor the exam-1 ties of courage given by Duer, and Campbell, and oth- ' ers, blood would have been shed. Ou the 19th of February, 1850, when in the midst of xcitement and strife, mid bitter words, a member, so small iu stature as to be hardly observed by the intellectual anil physical giants around him, rose from his at to address the House upou the groat subject which so inteiisely occupied its attention. His exordium was nodest and uuussiiming. Few listened. But, as the orator proceeded, and grew warm with the warming subject, the attention of the House became both fixed and profound. He told the South and the North alike, iu tones that carried with his speech the deep earnest" uess he felt, that is wrong to postpone until next year that which it is our 'uty to do now ! It the restriction of slavery is right f it is a eood thins, we should adopt it ; if it is wrong we should reject it. These are questions which we are as competent lo discuss and decide in a friendly and patriotic spirit now, as at any future time. " Delays are dangerous." What benefit ia there in deluyf None. The question must be met if not in giving territorial law, upou the admission ot states, air, this opposition to it from the South must be met t Calilornia is knock- got our door for admisiiou as a State. She presents nustitutiou, fanned in a maimer conformable to the most ultra Southern platform, yet the wearied eyelids if alt around me remind us, that trom 1'J o'clock M. yes- niay, until miumgui, Douiuernmen siaveu on a reso lution proposing a hill to iidiuit Calilormn, by a factious ipposition, 1 may say. in my judgment disgraceful to this body and to the country. I suy, theu, we have nothing to hope from delay. Let us act now, like men worthy ol our positions, l et us meet the responsibility inch the country lias placed upon us. Before submitting mv views unon this all-absorbins topic ot slavery, I desire to ueiena tne suction ot the country, which I iu part have Ihe houor to represent, from unjust charges, which are constantly preferred against it. Wo hud scarcely taken tho preliminary steps for an orunniution ol this House, before the South iu tunes of thundering eloquence denounced the people ol the North as "aggiessors as "recreants to the Constitution" as having lor years been suilty of oppression to uieir ureiiueu or tiie pjoinn. in this mil in the social circle Uon the highwuy every-vbe.e wo met with this charge. Sir, I propose briefly to examine the stato of this account of " iissression." How does it alatlil, as to territorial acquisitions, since e formation ot the Uniouf we ot the INortli ha been opiHMed to an extension of our dominion. We have been taught by ihe warning voice ol past repub- ics, that " Extended Empire ako tpmi.led gold Exchanges solid itre&Kth tor tecble splendor." Southern policy has been different, and we huveyitl MamaciiusettiSpicial Ei.kction Gov. BriL-ashi ordered a special election to be held ou Monday. Ih (Mb inst., in fill the vacancies in the 1st, (HobertC, Wiuthrop-,) lid, (Daniel P. King s,) and lvth.(,loh G. Palfrey's) Concrossinnul Districts of Muachuseiti Josinh iuiiicy, Jr., aud Hon. Albert Fearing ore talk ol as Whig candidates in Wiuthrop s uisinci. r,iim would till die office with credit. A Whig Convention is to be held at Salem on the 8ih mat., to nominate a candidate lor uie itu uisinci. jy. Y. Tribw. tricl, coiiino-ed of three counties, has two hundred and forty-three colleges and schools, aud sends to them up- warusor fifteen ttousanm mfioiars. Huucombe nas one college and the BiartlingT'iTiiber of one whole school! laughter precisely the same number that you find sustained in several of our villages by the free negroes! i oo nut know that it should be countod as a whole school either, because by reference to tho other col uuui, I see it contains ont ten scholars! Buncombe gives one school lo every 4,000 of her wnue population my district one to every J7a. My district sends one out of live of her white poi ulation to school. Buncombe sends one of 1150! A Voice. You lake no account ot our unvote bc iitiuia, not returned uy ine census. mr, uampueii. nor do i take any account or our private schools. Every log cabin iu my district is a private school-house ! Youcau find those 1 here who seldom set to public schools. In the Ions winte evenings you will find collected by the fire-side, the evidences of that increase of population complained of, a circle of flaxen haired boys and girls. The oldest nas aud home calculating, not tho value of the Union, but probably the number of bushels of corn taken to mar ket during tbe day. In this way many of our people are educated i aud not a few of those thus brought up hud their woy, iu the course of time, to seals in this House. I have a constituent now in mv mind. I Sena tor Corwin,! who was born in Kontuckv. and came to mv district wheu a little boy, which is now his homo, who received his education in une these private bloouii oi oursi At the age ol sixteen ho drove ha suse wasous with sun olios lor the artnv which det'en ed our frontier. Ou his re Hint he was crippled in his wHKouiuK upernuoiis. uem eontineu lor a year, he betook himself to study, umrut the end of that time. without the aid of a teacher, became truster of the Latin and Greek languages I Tifrj " crack of his whip " has been heard in both branches of Congress ; and if the Union is UOt dissolved too soon, wn ivnnld film tn aee how he would manage tho great team of Stato! But I have heard of these " nrivate schools" of the South before, I will apply another test which may be more satisfactory and more just t Iu the five slave States above named there are of whites over twenty years of age. who cannot read or write, 138,000. Iu Ohio (with tho sumo white population) there are of those who cannot read or write, ;t5, 000. Showing In the same slave States, wilh the sumo white population of Ohio, one hundred and three thousand more white adults who cannot read or write limn we to. Your private schools, therefore, are not so efficient us ours,. I will not say that your scholars are not as opt as ours, as that might be regarded as " aggros- j sive." I How is it with Buncombe? Her white population over twenty year old is :i.4A. Of these there are who cannot read or write. 1.:1M). Or for everv three adults who eun read or write she haslwo who can not. Taking her whole white population, there is one to ix who cannot read or write. In my district, we have one to thirty-two. In the five States above named, of inn class, there is one to fourteen. In Ohio, only one to forty-two ! Iu giving these statistics their proper force, two things must be borne in mind. 1st. That tho slave pop- umuen oi ine ooutu, lew ot whom are educated, is not included, ','d. That they have slaves to perform their labor whilst they may go to school, and in Ohio we labor for ourselves. I refer the sentictnen who have pressed this investi gation upon me, to a table, which is the result of some labor. It will be a convenient thing for them. They can at any time, by reference to it, ascertain how happy they are, compared with the people of my State, with as much precision as they can ascertain the day of the mouth by referring to the counting house calendar, or how cold it is by looking ot tho thermometer ! 1 give ine projioriiou ot me wimie white population who, beiug over twenty years old, cannot read or write : led. In 1803, we annexed LouiManu. In 1819, we annexed the Territory of Florida Iu (K l.'i, we annexed the Slate of Texas. In 18-18, we annexed, by conquest, California and New Mexico. In 1H!, we have u stronger movement for annex ins Cuba than we had ten years ul'o in favor of annex ins lex as And now the honorable seuUcnuiu from North Caro lina, Mr. Chnsniaii, untitles us that alter the uext Presidential election, we will annex mat partol Alexi- o on the Golf extending to Vera Crux. The South doe all this, and itih persist in Uie crv if "aggression ! aggression!" Sir, the North has yieb I to tins system too long, ami now sue is determined to Btop it. nm mere are outer aggression wnicu me norm sorely ec. Ihe hoimralde member (mm iNortli Car lino, wuo nas insi iatcn uisseai.i air. veuoitie, i euar ges us with having made aggressions upon the proper- ol the South, tie did uot inform us particularly how nil wheu. 1 oe soum may novo mmie no direct as- grcssioh uikui Northern property, but Southern policy has uggre'Keii upon our iiuiiiBimi interests. Mie has paralyzed iho strong arm of (he laboring freeman of the .orth, which is his property nm ntscapuat, in order mat he prohis of her slave loltor might be enounced, from IHIti to 18:1 the protective policy the etlects of which were lu ndvnncn the interests of free labor without detriment to .Southern interests was supported by the combined action of both political parties. Its effect was to build up manufacture in the iSorth, and furnish an increased demand for tho agricultural products of the Northwest. This increased demand raised the price of those products which were necessary to feud the slaves of the cotton-growing Slates of the South. Tho cry of "repeal or nullification, secession and disunion,' was raised, i ue appalling spec mne ni Ainencnii citi zens shedding the blood ol their own countrymen was about to bo presented to the civilized world.' A great Buncombe county, North Carolina 1-ft North Carolina 1-8 Georgia l-ia Virginia 1-13 South Carolina MI) Alabama 1-14 Mississippi l-li Ohio 1.42 statesman, in whose patriotism and wisdom the North hod confidence, anxious to preserve the glory and re nown of his country, determined to avert so sail a catastrophe, and presented bis compromise bill. Theory nt "disunion then succeeded, ine inform gave way the policy of the South triumphed. I will not at tempt to depict the disastrous consequences to the in- lusiry ol the norm. 1 ue country win long rememoer .1. . i. i--..:.. .-...I :.. iu it ib i m I lie oilier trim ii jhuuui vu til i-f, no, ', iu, suiu 41. I uow proceed , briefly, Mr. Chairman, to examine the other proposiiiun of the gentleman from North Car- line, I Mr. Chugman, j as to me relative degree oi civ ilization and human happiness iu the slave and free Slates. The gentleman has instituted a comparison which, if left unanswered, may injure the interests of the State which I have tho honor in pait to represent. I'pou the question of wh it is true happiness andeont fort ihere may be some difference of opinion. I take q Die gauntlet thrown nown sovauuun iv oy tue non-iruble gentleman, and it is by thisalundiird that 1 bring up Ohio, my nativo State, the "firstborn" under the Oniinance of 1787, ami proudly place her by the side nl ihe Southern Ntntes, to meet her examination ami an unbiassed verdict. I take mv statistics from thecousus tables relumed in 1840- Ohio has about one-half only of thn white population of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, GeoriM:!. Alabama, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississip- l. eight of the " prosperous and huppv slave States, yet lie sends to school Jorty-twa thousand mora children than iho wh.de of them together. Ohio has about the same white population popula tion as North Cam I inn, South Carolina, Alabama, and Mississippi, united, and she has eightten hundred and nf- teen nmru colleges, cademiea, aud schools, than the whole five together, and sends to school one hundred nnt thirtu one inwsana mora cuiuiren i hi miler to bring this test nenrer to our immediate homes, I propose bringing the district I have the honor in answer for here, into comparison with the honorable member's 1 happy " constituents. I do not boast of the intelligence ol my constituents they about nn an cqnlity with the balance the Slate, There is one couniv iu the gentleman's district, whose people, I suppttse, he had iu his unnd s eye when he was depicting the propmus and happy condition of the South! It ought to be the moat intelligent county south of Ms-son and Dixon, if we may judge from the vast number of speeches which have been made for its special improvement. It is the county of Buneowibe, North Carolina I Laugh tar Tho sutiiucs show that my dis- It will be observed that North Carolina stands hiidi- est iu the Kale of human happiness, civilization and refinement, and that the cood Deonle of Buncombe are particularly blest! Laughter. If their distinguished representative here is not satisfied with this exhibition of his constituents, in future he may re- motnoer tne oiu nuage, that " those win. live in glass Houses should not throw stones ! Laughter. Mr. Ashe. Will the geutleman favor us with a comparison of tbe statistics of crime 1 Mr. Campbell. My time is so nearly out that I can not. If it will comfort the ntlemim iu his present tribulation I will admit that Northern penitentiaries snow more convicts than & outturn ones, ihe roasou is obvious to every body, everywhere: we punik our rascals, you allow yours to run at large f Laughter. At least we have seen some recent evidence of this fact. Something about crime has been said by the honorable member from South Carolina Mr. Burt the other day, iu explanation, after the member from Massachusetts LMr. Mann had closed. His purpose seemed to be to relievo Southern people from the charge of cupidity, raised by the assertion, that they would not hang a slave for a crime for which a white man was punished with death. He stated that so far wns th assertion from tniih, the fact was, that a slave was hung for sundry offiences, which, if perpetrated by a white man were not so punished. Now, I have been told, that in many slave States, where the slave is so puuisned, tne law provides that the master shall be paid for him at public expense. I do uot know that this is true. Several Voices. " It 1b true." Mr. Campbell. Then the South is nit relieved from tho implication of mercenary motives by the facts. Mr. Chairman, gentlemen from the South insist upon calculating the value of this Union. We of the North will not. I regard it as more valuable to calculate the vahn of the Proviso against exteudius slavery. Gentlemen talk about their Southern Convention, und about dissolving the I'nion. I have already shown thnt thi is the old scheme of a lew bewildered men, who perhaps are led on, as Mr. lien ton informs us, by an unhallowed ambition ! It is a matter ot deep re gret to me that some of those with whom I deeply sympathized in former struggles, whosn uolde efforts in the causr of their couutry have commanded our admiration, are now disposed to unite with them in the " dream of a separate independence a dream to lie interrupted by bloody conflicts with their neighliors, and a vile dejendeiice on a foreign ower " to join them in renouncing the glorious this of our country in destroying the peace of mankind and deluging our m rum iieiu m uiikmi ; nm w n uiniiioii oi (in Union, it cannot occur! We will not couu-mplate it Ooollv and Hnnlv determined to carrv out ihe irreni ' . . . , "t . v. . principles oi our latners uiiswett ny tue storm which may threaten we will follow ihe advice of the great ud good Washington, "discountenancing whatever may suggest even a suspicion that it ran iu any event be abandoned, and indignantly frowning uimiu ihe first dawning of every attempt lo alienate any portion of our country from ihe rest, or toenteehle ihe sacred ties which now link together the various pons. Nir, the attempt may be made, but the whole North, with thou sauds id the South will resist it to the last! It can be hardly decenary to say that the maker of this speech was Lkwis D. Cam km that he oston- ished die House with his eloquence Do less than he alarmed the Southern members and shamed them into conviction, and that no man in Congress of bis age occupies a mora enviable position, or merits in a greater degree the confidence of DsJogreat Whig party. The people of hiB district may welt be proud of their stand ins at Uie Federal capital, for they secure, as they de serve the thanks of the North, and Uie respect even of the ultra, unforgiving South. CIVIS, I leal tli in Ihe Penitentiary. We state wiih uiuchutimctiou thatduringthe rather severe prevalence of the cholera in this city, the health ol tho in mates in the Penitentiary has been kept re markubly good. It is now just one year since a death has taken place- in that institution. Then- are 400 con victs, aud it argues much iu the favor ot the watchful ness and care of the warden and officers, and the skill and attention of our Iriend Dr. Thompson, that the health of so large a body of men, con lined in one building, should have been so well preserved during so sickly a Benson. The war it Is attempted to be done. The editor of tho Sandusky Mirror, in a long article, perpetrates the following piece of twaddle i " The best joke is yet to come. Tho Whig Conven tion nn tue tmi ni May that was the genuine ortich that was superlatively anti-slavery ! a model unhold of the Pioviso! How so? By slaughtering Ford, we suppose, bocause ho dared to urge the Proviso in a mesogo, after Taylor had recommended Congress to " anstaxn trom us tntroituetum. this is notorious. Nev er was a man ireaied so shabbily the Western Reserve insulted in his person, on account of hisanti-slavery notions !" Now, we think Mr. Taylor knows he falsifying the record when hu talks iu this way. Judge Johnston could not have received the nomination if he hail been opposed to Uie proviso. Ho knows that Johnston, in his very first speech, at the opening of the campaign, at Cincinnati, declared himself iu favor of Ihe proviso. The substance of llmt speech was published in tho pa pers of the State, very generally. At Cleveland, Johu-ston wrote out and published his views more fully. they are Wilmot proviso, fully. Now, if Gov Ford, by daring to advocate tho pro-, vise after Taylor's message, was " slaughtered," what should be the fate of Judge Johnston, who has "dared" to do die siitne thing all over Ohio long since Gov. Ford Inn doim it? Will the Mirror man answer? Will he tell the public how many Whig men or whig papers have" slaughtered " or abandoned Johnston fur this during " act I Heully thia ia small potato business. Mr. Taylor hus u right to cliangu his position to bo first pig and then puppy, and so mi indefinitely. He may be a member of u Locofoco convention that repudiates free soil, and at the samu time claim to bo a champion of Ireo sod. But one thing he cannot be. He cannot be an honest man if ho wrote the above paragraph knowing the facts; and not to know the facts argues a want of knowledge of the current news of the day that is in excusable. The Stiiteaiuun. Meilary has not brains enough to comprehend how he Union is iu danger, since both the North and the South are pleased at the defeat of the omnibus bill. He oes not appear to be aware that it was defeated by a tie vole ; that his great leader, Cass, was and is a friend if the hill and labored for it till the death, and that the sole organ of the Democracy, to wit, the Washington i nton, groans and laments ihe fate of the bill and almost refuses to be comforted. There is a littlo knot of politicians at Washington, of ihe bitter end school, who are determined to carry out the doctrine so boldly avowed by the editor of tho Stalesmoti, that " Mob rule is better by far than Whig rule," and that they will, by all kiuds of lawless resii-tauro, stop tho wheels of government until their behests are obeyed. Why docs not tho Statesman rebuke the Southern i si 1 1 lion ist s in iu party f What ho the editor to say f the Texans, who are now preparing to wage wur gm nt the general government by au armed invasion if New Mexico 1 Does Medary wish to justify, now, the lying pretext on which Polk commeuced tbe Mexican war. by declaring the Rio Grande to be the bouu- ilary of Texas T It is tune for ttie ex Chairman to let us and tbe pub lic know whether hu is iu favor of resisting the contem plated inviisioii of these Southern Hotspurs! The move, I rarrted out, will endanger the necks of two-thirds of the Locofoco leaders in thai sec lion. A Locofoco ad ministration ha got the nation into this difficulty against the earnest remonstrance of the Whigs. Why In uot ihe present Locofoco majority iu Congress take some stes lo get us out? o ask, V"ry deliberately and distinctly, and we hull expect an answer from the Statesman, whether the editor of that sheet, the redoubtable ex-Chairman of the Committee of Public Sufety, IS, or is NOT in fa- lor of resisting the claim of Texas? Shall we over get au answer ? We shall see. mw to winch we have referred, tbe price of wheat win uo one third or perhaps one half whot it ii now. . woi ue anout tifty cents per bushel. wnut effect will it hove upon the hard working farm- of prospects ? It is evident that it will be disastrous " tho extreme. For, instead of one thousand bushels wneut, it will now tike two thousand bushels to pay his note. To all practical effect it doubles the amount m "'debtedness. It requires of him twice as much labor and toil to get a given number of dollars. Ro- member the note is not for bo many bush ds ol wheat It is for so many dollars. It must be paid in dollars. what effect does this reform hove upou the interest mo capitalist 7 doubles his money. It enables him tO buy twice m miicll wheat anrl nnrk nnd ntV.nr tt,.mB ' """iiiona with his thousand dollars as he could bi fore this blessed era of bank destruction. iK practical effect of the hard mmiev doctrine, if carried out, would clearly be, to make the rich richer ami ine poor poorer. There is no clearer proposition m political economy. It would crush the large class of industrious laborers who are in debt. It would at once place In in in the powerof ihe capitalist. Doesourcor-respondent desire such a state ofaffnirs? Hnsi .nv man who has at heart the well being of the people generally, desire it ? We hope this subject may be exam-tned, and that our friend may see the end of bank des- truction belore it ia too late. Tho choice is now before him. rxaor. mere u a peg tactory at nit-rcdim, new Hampshire, which during the last year turned out four teen thousand bushels of pegs. The board of Health of Oirclevlllo report eleven deaths from Tuesday to Saturday nf last week, ami none since. At ChilHcothe there have been several deatha of col ored persons, 15 in all, up to Monday nonu. Near Lancaster there have been several deaths from a disease called sporadic cholera. We hove received a copy of the Iowa Herald, a uew Whig paper, published at Oskalnosa, Iowa. Our coun try jogs along so fast that we shall have to study jog. rufy" to keep up with it. Where the deuce is Oska- lOOSS; T IT Tho census of Massachusetts shows a population id 1850 of 973,000, being an Increase of 33 per cent. within the last 10 years. CF Mr. James E. Heath, for thirty years 1st Auditor of tho Stato of Virginia, ha become connected with the editorial department of the Richmond Whig, Mr. A. aioseiy retiring trom that post. Cr The ravages of thn rholera in Cuba have swept oft' 50,000 laborers. The crop of tugnr wil) conse quently be short . t7 Tho whole length of telegraph lines in the Uni ted Slates is about 18.000 miles, and they are daily in creasing. The prior are now much reduced below tbe tart ng point soma years ago, and a further mate rial deduction will doubtless bo made on all lines be fore loug. The Currency 4iieMion. - Pekhi Co., August 1, i860. Mr. EniToit: I am a democrat, and always vote thi democratic ticket. Hut 1 am also poor. I haveasniall farm, which 1 have bought on credit, and botied by iidusb v and economy to support my large family and pay off the ono thousand dollars 1 owe lor it. 1 find, by looking in my democratic paper, that the leading men of my party promise to abolish all banks aud bring us down to a specie rirt uiniiuu alone, i have beeu thinking something about iliis, nnd want to state what 1 huve thought, nnd then ask a tew questions. It hus occurred to me thai if all b.uik iNiiterwasaltol ihed nnd we were left with nothing but Ihe ban I, llmt here would lie less of nionev afloat than there is now 1 huve seen in my papers that there are several millions more of bills than there is of specie. Now it hus occurred lo me that by altolihuig all thi paper, we nnum not gm ati uigii n price mr our produce as we uo now. 1 have rvad une where, and a seems lo me to stand to reason, Mini prices dctoud somewhat upon the amount of the circulating imdium; end I am a little nlrnid if I go in lor this fittnl money measure 1 shall seriously embarrass myself in paving my debt. The mini of whom 1 bought is a rich man, aud he will like very well to have the prices of produce fall, so that he euu buy double me niiiount or my hay aud wood and wheat lor the same money. But ihe question with mo is, whether 1 can stand it or not. It is about all 1 can do to support my family and pay a very small portion i my tieiiteacn year now. n prices tun much, my income will be very much reduced, and I am afraid I iliall have nothing lo nav ou mv farm. It strike nu thnt the effect of that iiieaaure, li curried out, would be to make my debt in reality as large again or in other wonts, it would take as much again of wheat and pork &c.. to pay the $10(10 ns it would now, while to mv rich neighbor this thousand dollar would be worth lo him twice as much as it is now that is, he could buy twice as much grain and meat with the thousand dollar he ran now. It seems to ine if this hard money idea is carried out the poor man who is in debt will in reality double the amount of his indebtedness, and the rich man will become twice asri h. The only way to mnke the thing at all equal is, lor the man oi whom 1 bought my farm to reduce the uoie to live hundred dollars, or else agree to give me the present prices for my crops. If he won't do either of them, I ihink I must go against this hard nionev doctrine. It seems to me ihe direct and onlv lonueucy ia ui mssa ion ucu man ncner ami tne poor man poorer, ami tins, i ono aiway neam, was uie oiu lei I rrnl doctrine. Will you inform me of your views about my duty and ihe effect upon my pmsterity of the proposed re turn). Yours, Ac. YV . R- Our friend is undoubtedly right iu his idea nf affairs, and it is a matter of so much magnitude that It ought to attract the attention of every ono who is in a similar situation with himself. The issue has bu n boldly made by ihe self-styled democracy on tho hard money qi lion. We have been told, both in the political and coin Btitntioiinl convention, that ihere shall be no more banks that the constitution shall contain a clause ex prcsily prohibiting the Legislature hum over chartering any of those institutions, and that ihe insu who fullers or flinches iu the present struggle, is no democrat. This is the important quesiioii hi he act I ted by the election this fall, anil upon its settlement ihe future policy of the Stato depends. It is clearly a proposition in political economy thnt, ithnr things being equal, tho price of articles produc I depends upon the amount of circulating medium is also a fact about which ihere can be uo dispute, that wn have now more of that medium than we would have if all tbe banks were annihilated. It is, then, pi fiin and evident proposition, that every tailoring man who la In debt will suffer by iho adoption nf this hard money system, and on tho other hand, the capitalist, the non-producer ho who holds Ihe farmers' and la borers' notes for a given number of dollars, w ill be the only one to reap a benefit from tho same. II A. buy n farm tiwlny, and agrees tu pny one thousand dollars for it, and gives his note far thnt amount lo 11.; he looki about to soc how many bushels nf wheal hemuil raise to pay Ihe debt. Suppose the wheat under the present order of things is worth mic dollar per bushel, A. must raise one thousand bushels of wheat to take up his note. This ha ia able to do in the time note has lo run. He can see his way through clearly. But suppose the banks are nil put out of existence, and bank pawr is alt destroyed. Wo will have about one third of the currency for circulation we now enjoy The Ureal Attention of the Day How hub come upon us, and who U Responsible for It Courae of the Ohio iNifitcMnun ' 1844 on Texas Annex niton. Every candid, impartial observer of events, is aware of the fact that the great difficulties which now surround our government, have arisen, diroctlv or indiroctlv. from the annexation of Toxus. Men of sense and discernment saw in the campaign of 1844 great hazard to me tmuce, quiet aud stability of our government if that measure should be consummated. Tire people of Ohio will not soon forget the eloquent and prophetic "jHDnui cwnig, vorwin und others at that period. While tho Whig party saw and endeavored to av. rt the danger, tho Locofoco party, both in Ohio and all over the Union, united in shouts lor " Polk, Dallas, and Texas." Annexation or ami -annexation was the aues- tion iu this State. Tho people decided by over SIX inuur;iu majority against annexation. But the measure was carried by the conduct of fifteen thou- sand anti- Texas men in Now York, who refused to vote tor the Whig cuiujidutcs, and thus elected the Polk and Texas ticket, and made Polk President of the United States. Subsequent event are now matters of history. It wus claimed, and not without an appearance of lus- tico, that the American people had decided in favor of annexation, it was consummated in an extraorditury manner, aud wu have uo doubt by the use of extraordinary mean. The war with Mexico, and the vast acquisition of HHiuurj reaimiHg iroin inat measure, have aguin un.ugiit upou us .he iliscuBsioii of the dun t; emus and exciting question of slavery au(j ,1,, extension. There is no man who due not now know that the prime ob ject of Ihe annexation of Texas wns to strengthen the iiave interest, and enable them to coutiuue their su premacy in the affairs of this nuliuu. This was avow ed by many of the eminent men of that lime, and ad mitted by tnuny Northern Democrats, who afterward used their utmost lo consummate the iniquitous scheme. It is therefore evident that the resitousibility of ibis agitation aud disturbance, that now threaten the sta bility of our government, is justly chargeable upon the pporters ol Polk and Texas annexation. Wo did our best, in our humble sphere, to prevent it. The Whig Mtrly did its best to prevent it. No doubt a ma- onty of the tree men of the United States opposed it but about one twentieth pail of them saw fit lo array themselves against the other nineteen twentieth, and ihe 1 1 lends of the measure triumphed. But wo com in ei iced this article tho more particularly for the purpose of showing to the people of Ohio, at this crisis, the couiso of the Ohio Statesman in 1844, on the great question of annexation- It is known thai the Legislature of Ohio, during the winter of 1837-8, we dunk, when there was a decided locofoco majority iu oath branch, unanimously passed resolutions opposing the annexation of Texas to the luded State. It is also known Ihat Mr. Vuu Buren was in 1844 ihe special favorite of the Ohio democracy lor President, aud that he was opposed to the annexation scheme. When ihe famous Texas treaty was before tbo Senate, tho question was generally discussed through tbe country. The Statesman had a Wawiug- tou i-orresK)iident, who signed his letters " Per 8e." On the 22d April, that jiaer contuined a letter from this correspondent, from which we take tho following extract, it is proper to observe that the editor no where expressed any dissent from his correspondent. and it is fair und proper to infer that, at thai time, "Per Se spoke ihe language of the editor. Spanking ol theluxaa treuty, tlio rorrespoudent of tne statesman says: "f On ihis llhiect our opinion is unchanged aa In the action of tho Senate. The treaty ia now before them, and will lw promptly lnid on the table, postpoued or rejected. The vole will bo neither a itarty or a soc- tiunslvote; hut a vote which will lay ihe treaty out as dead as a mackerel. So we think so we hope, pri-1 vately, aud we believe, in the spirit of au American. I If Teiaa is not able to take care of herself, she must become by the annexation, an addition to the Union, like a sickly old wommi, brought into a family of young ones, an expense, a quarrelsome case, ami a casefor quarrel incessantly among the sisterhood. Let her take care of herself. 1 protest against bee tiling one of the sureties for the payment til the debt of Texas, while the means I meeting my own are not in my power. There is much of sound good sense iu this teltter. The quarrelsome character of this young sister is beiug developed tolerably fully iiIkhiI these days. On tbe 1st of May, IHI4, the Statesman contained Mr. Van Buren's famous anti-annexation letter. In that letter, among "tlier thins he said 1 In the Chillicotho Court house, on Monday last, two mumbara of the liar wsimI wralbv. and ramH t, 1.1, iw I hot woto immediately arrested by order of Judge 1 lw production being ine saino in amount, uie quo Whitman, when they apolofiiod, and werediaohargnd. I tioo is, what will be the price ? Following tho general But what, my dear sir, is tho true and undismiised character of the remedy for these evils which would he applied by the 'immetliateanuexaiion -f Texas to the L mted States!' J it more or less than saying to i ei ico, r ieei ourselves aggrieveil by Ihe roulinu-ance of this war between you aud Texas ; we have on interest in seeing it terminated ; we will accoinnlish thai object by Inking the disputed territory lo ourselves; we win mnae texo a pari oi me uuitcd Slates, c. This letter of Van Buren accorded so well with nor thern views that it threw the Ohio Locofocos into per fertecstary. On the 3d of May the Statesman glori fied over the great good it would produce, as follows: "Mr. Vas) Barest. This great far seeing statesman has won sohleu opinions by his Texas letter. Every body ia admiring aim euiogismg it. nven ma enemies knock under. It ill win him rivis thousand votes in Ohio.' It will he remembered ihat Van Buren was to be pre sented to the Baltimore convention in June, and it was confidently predicted thnt he would be nominated. To prepare the minds of the Democracy for this event, and to make a littlo capital for in in in advance, tlio Stales- man of the 2!th May contained a Jong article. We take the following from it, and ask tho careful attention of the people of Ohio to the statement therein con- lamrd : " When the proposed annexation was first hmnehed, it was accompanied by on outcry aguitist ihe llriiish tor aiienipuiig to got possession oi iho country. The cry wns, tingland would get hold of it ami abolish slave ry- ' 1 lie British would get Texns nod ruse cotton. to tne great iinurv ot mm I hern pi miters. Thov would mnke n tree eouutry (here, ami all our sfaves would run ou io mem. mi taio wus lor the people to eteile their jeolou y. mid sine INTO ANNEXATION , WITH A HUSH. 1 " When the ire ity waa sent in for confirmation, it was not urged before the S. Hide iitu these grounds, as they were proven In be totally Cdse and uiiloiinded. They were raised alone for the purpose of deceiving iho people as In the real object, and not a tittle of evidence was adduced to show llmt England wn deainui of getting possession of Texas, or was iu the least dt-greeeierttng h rsell to net iplishlh.il obj. ct. "On tbe contrary, iheie were dUtinct official disa-vowmetits of any such wish on the part of (ijvut llrii-alnj and so clear ami conclusive wm this, that Mr. Citlhonn, the Secretary of Stnte, who made the treaty, did not dure to place it before the Senate on these ground, u The real object in annexation a-es. the PEHPETIJA- TION AND EXTENSION oF SLAVEHY. and of tho political power of the slave Slates! This Wu the ground iiHn which ihe Tieatv was placed before the Sena i e. The nutluna "f the Treaty desired to see sla very perpehintttl in ihe S-nilll. They ties iml to see the BhiveholduiL interest more powerfully represented in Congress. They wished io gel iho cniilmlliug iutlu- vni r in hid councils in me uiiiioll. Be U re me m I e red, this wn just before ihe Hal ii more Convention. It wns at a time when the Statesman thought Van Buren wato lie fsnnau. Then the whole nhjertt of annexation wa " the perpetuation and ejiension of sfforry.' Then, the South, by annexation, " wished to gel the controlling influence in the councils the nation,' TI .1 . .uOU, pe0pi0 wer8 Mi ,hat the Brftiih w(jre ibont lOMire T...! and thi, wu told "to f,)UrM and irmthem into annexation WITH A RUSH '" Nim .looa the cue befonuhe Baltimore Oonvend.m. we ,ro to believe tlio editor of tho 8late.man, he nnd for yein been , fmor ol auCIatiun Thj . lion of Vau Buren, however, turned hi. oour.e, aod, willI be frm Ule ,ove extrMtt( , Slttmnttm waa a decided anti-annexation im,n,.l T, .jj Van Buren'. letter. It told the people that the whole Texa. ichi-me wu a plan to mend .awry and .lavainfluence. But a chance came over the anirit of hi. The Democratic Convention asaemblcd. The parly wuin the control of Mllthorn men. who were intomar. ed in thi. ilave extension project. Van Buren'. ami-annoxalion letter wu the death of him there, aud, though the majority were iu hi, favor, yot, by adopting tho two-lhirdi rule, the ,laverj- eitrtukraiiU triumphed over the North, aud Jamea K. Polk wu nominated for rreiulent. Thia wu a triumuh of the Turn, man They theu paaud reaolutiona making the immediate auneiation of Telu a cardinal principle in the democratic creed, and ita aupport a te.t of democracy. A. loon m it waa known that Van Buren waa over board, and that Polk and Tela, tnuit both be swallow ed, if either, the Statesman, at once, without a moment's hesitation, turned square about, tore down Von Buren's name, and run up that of Joraea K. Polk, tore from iu creed the anti-annexation doctrines of Van Buren, and hoisted tbe Texas flag at its mast head ! Aud from mat time onward tho editor ho been consistent hi his advocacy of this v.i. During the Ions and oxcitius campaign of 1844. "Pulk, Dallas aud Texas" was tho war-cry of that party in Ohio, led on by the editor of the Statesman. Tbo only excuse given for this sudden and entire change of front was, that the party had chau- geai it was the only excuse, and to men who had no principle, and who cared nothing for the welfare of the nation, it was a sufficient reason. In the course of events. Polk was elected President of the United States. Annexation of Texae soon followed. In duo time came the Mexican war conoueat new territory; and now, in this year of grace 1850, we find a Democratic Congress, with majorities in both Houses, with the entire control of business, in both Houses, quarreling for more than eight months about the question of slavery in these acquisitions, to the neg lect of all the usual business of legislation, and to tho serious detriment of the peace and quiet of tbe coun try. Who, then, in view of all these things, is responsible for this position of afijirs 7 Which of the two great parties has brought this delay aud this danger upou tho Republic T Who will bo held up, by the future tmpar tial historiun, as the men that brought upon us the dangers and troubles of 1850? It won't do to say there are no troubles. If all is fuir sailing if things are all right what excuse has the Democracy in Congress to render to the people for their delay. It is now tbe month of August. Congress has beeu in session over eight months, and yet the slavery question is uot set tied. We suy to the people of Ohio, these things have come upon us by the conduct of the Democratic party. Upon them is the fearful responsibility. And yet, how is this Bubject treated by the editor of the Statesman? What ii the course of that sheet and its supporters T Do they act or talk like men who had been the instruments of this mischief 1 Would any body suppose these men had done this act, that has paralyzed Con gress, and the nation; and that they have a majority and a controlling influence in the two departments of Uie law making power ut Washington T What do THEY propose to do to get us out of this trouble f Whut is their plant The responsibility ia upon Mni. Do they know it f Do they realize it T Do they core any thing about the effects of the storm they hove raised T To show how sudden was the conversion of the Stateeman after Polk's nomination, aud to demonstrate the hypocrisy and utter want of all principle in it, we give one more extract of Juno the 24th, 1844. Wn especially ask attention to tho concluding phrase, " Let no one bo deceived by tho cry of slavery.' Who doci not now know and fully realize that ibis whole trouble has arisen from this cause : "A large portion of Texas is the most beautiful, rich aud healthful of tho earth's surface it naturally be longs to us it was ours by treaty it is ollered to us now by its rOBesors ami if we sutler it to go into the hands of some European monarchy, to fence us in on the south-west, we deserve not the name of freemen, and from that moment we may look for our star to begin its downward course. ' Let no one be deceived by the cry of slavery, Sio. New York Correspondence. Ntw York, Augusts, 1850. The ship Ticomleragu, from Liverpool, which went ashore uear Fire island on Monday last, still remains aground, though, it is thought, that through the tho exertions now being used, she will be afloat again in two or three days. Iter cargo was a large and valuable one, and will probably all be lauded without material damage. She had on board, wheu she struck, about four hundred jasoiigers, who were all landed in safety ou Long Island, wheuce they have since been brought to this city. The Ticouderoga was but recently built, at a cost of $80,000. She was insured for 150,000 altogether, in several offices iu this place. Generul Paei, w ho arrived at Philadelphia some day ago, waa publicly received here by our authorities to day. Ou lauding, he wus met by tbe military and es corted to the Astor House, the proprietors of which had volunteered apartments for his accommodation during his stay in New York. Ashe passed through Broadway, much enthusiasm was manifested by tho spectator who linetl that street. It was tlio intention to receive, in like manner, and nt the same t ime, en. Qarabuldi, the hero of the Italian struggle for liberty who reached our shores a few days since, by the ship Waterloo, from Liverjool. Unfortunately, however, before the vessel arrived at our port, ho was severely attacked wilh rheumatism, and, in consequence, remained on Stateu Island for medical treatment, instead of coming Ut our metropolis. His sickness still continuing, it wns found inexpedient or impossible to remove him, at present aud it may be sorao time yet before he will be enabled to leave the island. The doings of Garabaldi do uot meet everywhere a like degree of favor, even among republicans. Nona can doubt his bravery however, or his anient desire to see his country free. His character is probably too much of the Socialist order to exalt him very high a-mong all in this country. Such would seem to be tho case, from the fact that the civic foreign societies who have resolved to unite in a procession, ou his eutrauce iu New York, to accompany him to his quarters, have decided that no member of tho same shall be admitted in the procession, who does wear the red badge. This is the insignia of ihe anarchists of France, w hose wish is to reduce all to one level, aud its introduction, in thia manner, here, is, to some, a matter of perhaps well founded objection. The steamer Canada reached her dock at Jersey City at about 2 o'clock P. M.. to-day. Her voyage 1ms consequently beeu thirteen days io length- We learned with much pleasure, ih it tho second outward trip of the Pacific wns made iu tell days and a half. Tho steamers of Collins' line ore destined to surpass greatly iu SHed any steamers now plying between hero aud Eunc. Though the price of passage by them is ten dollar higher limn that by the Cunurd line, yet they are patronized already to a greater extent, tlio Atlantic, which sailed on Saturday lust, having hail on board one hundred and twenty passenger, whereas tho America, which succeeded her lour days Inter, tttok only eighty. It is announced that tho Cuuard company aro about building another line ol steamers, In bo propolbtl by screw, to ply from England to our port, to lie davot-d principally lo the convoying ol freight. Such vessels would probably mnkn iho voyago iu from sixteen lo eighteen day. I much doubt, however, whether the enterprise, if perfected, wil prove profitable. John Hull, however, is most welcome to try it. He will find Americans a able ami willing lo compete with him, in ihe same mnnner, us they have been heretofore in every thing relating lo mitigntioil- The woollier during ihis week has been, here, intensely hot. To-day. however, the atmosphere is Bonie- what cooler, ami wo uopo mat tue grea uuiu oi ma summer is now over. Business, owing to iho heat, has not been very animated. The importations coutiuue to be largo, nnd lite amount in the sob-treasury reaches again nearly five millions of dollars. Last month, the receipts for duties at ibis port were 4,00-000. It has never helbre occurred that any sum an large us this has been received in the month of July, or, I believe, during any other ono month ol ihe year. It seems that the importations have been considerably antirieied ibis season ; we look now for a falling otf shortly, whereas, usually they are heaviest in August and September. Should ihis not be the case, our markets will evidently be completely overstocked with European goods, which must range low in consequenco. Tours, truly, W.