52 is the numerical value of one of the possible expansions of Hashem's Four-Lettered Name (known as מילוי ההי"ן, because the two letters ה are each expanded to ה"ה). It is known as שם ב"ן, and is associated with the lower (spiritual and physical) worlds.

As an example of this, R' Shneur Zalman of Liadi observes (Shaar Hayichud Veha'emunah, end of ch. 7) that a stone, called in Hebrew אבן, ultimately derives its very limited life-force (through a tremendous number of condensations (tzimtzumim) of Divine energy) from this Name, "with an additional letter א from some other [Divine] Name, for a reason known to its Creator."