Handbook of Curatives and Crosslinkers

This book contains information on additives which convert soluble monomer, prepolymer, or polymer to the insoluble polymer network popularly known as thermosetting polymer. The additives which cause these changes include crosslinkers and curatives. Both types of additives are discussed in separate chapters of the book because they substantially differ in substrates which they convert. Curatives usually react with low molecular monomers, prepolymers, or oligomers whereas crosslinkers are frequently used to convert polymers. Both sections of the book have similar structure in which effect of additives is presented, including evaluation of chemical and physical properties of curatives or crosslinkers, selection of crosslinkers and curatives for specific polymers, the mechanisms of their action, parameters of crosslinking or curing process, and their effect on the properties of the converted polymers. Crosslinker chapter contains information on 57 polymers and curative chapter on 13 polymers.

There is a substantial difference in application of both types of additives. Curatives are in common use in many industrial products manufactured on a large scale, such as for example adhesives, sealants, coatings, inks, explosives, propellants, or foams. They are also used in some emerging products such as optoelectronics, shape-memory applications, light-emitting diodes, liquid crystal displays, self-healing materials, etc.

Crosslinkers are also used in the typical industrial processing methods including encapsulation of solar cells, vulcanization, adhesives, foams, roofing, etc. But their strength and future are more focused on emerging applications such as drug release, artificial muscles in microdevices, autonomous shape-memory actuators, hygienic textiles, membranes, scaffolds, recycling, sensors, tissue adhesives or wound dressing, just to mention some.

Both groups of additives are very important in industrial application and we are hoping that this volume will find broad readership, especially considering that it is the first book ever published on this subject in English literature.

Readers of this book may find interesting that Databook of Curatives and Crosslinkers is published at the same time to provide information on both commercial and generic chemical products used as curatives and crosslinkers. The two books offer comprehensive information on the subject not found in any other source.

{"id":2059079352413,"title":"Graphene – Important Results and Applications","handle":"graphene-important-results-and-applications","description":"\u003ch5\u003eDescription\u003c\/h5\u003e\nAuthor: George Wypych \u003cbr\u003eISBN 978-1-927885-51-2 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePages: 316 + iv\u003cbr\u003eFigures 228\u003cbr\u003eTables 4\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eSummary\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePotential applications of graphene are the subject of many papers. On ScienceDirect alone, over 5000 papers were published in 2016, and numerous patents followed. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe main subject of the book is an extensive account of up-to-date findings in methods of production of graphene and its derivatives, commercial manufacture of graphene, research results and data on properties of graphene, graphene dispersion, chemical modification, and the most recent developments in various applications of graphene.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eEleven groups of production methods of graphene and its derivatives are discussed in length, providing how-to-do and what-to-expect analysis and comparison of potential properties of the resultant products. Some of the methods are unique to graphene manufacture, but many of them already existed and were adapted to the use in the graphene manufacture. Chapter 4 contains a short review of the capabilities of the significant graphene manufacturers from several leading geographical locations.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe properties of graphene and its derivatives are already quite well investigated, and they are the subject of Chapter 5. Discussion topics are grouped into 15 sections each devoted to different characteristic properties of graphene which make it so useful in various applications. Chemical modification can change many properties of graphene, and this is discussed in Chapter 7.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDispersion of carbon-based fillers is always the primary problem and factor of their performance. In the case of graphene, three significant factors affect its dispersion namely, its hydrophobic nature, the tendency to re-agglomerate, and 2D very elastic structure of particles. The effect of these and other factors and methods of effective dispersion are the main points of discussion.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTwenty-three groups of products in which graphene or its derivatives can be used are discussed at length in Chapter 8. This chapter is full of ideas for new product development and the possible improvement of existing products. This chapter, like other chapters, is generously illustrated with examples which may help in finding creative applications. More information on the book composition can be found in the detailed table of contents.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe book begins with an analysis of the impact of the Nobel Prize on the development of interest in graphene and compares the justification of the Nobel Prize Committee with actual developments in its science and technology. In Chapter 1, the announcement of the Nobel Prize Committee is analyzed to list the most important reasons for the selection of the topic of the Prize. In Chapter 2, the effect of Nobel Prize on the development of graphene technology is analyzed based on frequency and geographical spread of publications and patents in the years prior and after the Prize was awarded. Also, topics of publications are examined by comparing their frequency before the Prize with current research. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eTable of Contents \u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e1 Introduction. Nobel Prize Laureates and Award Justification \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2 Analysis of Publications \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3 Production of Graphene and its Derivatives\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e3.1 Chemical vapor deposition \u003cbr\u003e3.2 Molecular beam epitaxy\u003cbr\u003e3.3 Ion implantation \u003cbr\u003e3.4 Desorption of silicon from silicon carbide\u003cbr\u003e3.5 Graphite oxidation \u003cbr\u003e3.6 Reduction of graphene oxide\u003cbr\u003e3.7 Ultrasound-assisted exfoliation \u003cbr\u003e3.8 Electrochemical process \u003cbr\u003e3.9 Detonation reaction \u003cbr\u003e3.10 Graphite intercalation \u003cbr\u003e3.11 Agricultural waste processing \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4 Manufacturers of Graphene, Its Grades, and the Production Output\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5 Unique Nature of Graphene. Research Results\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003e5.1 Morphology and thickness \u003cbr\u003e5.2 Crystallinity \u003cbr\u003e5.3 Mechanical properties \u003cbr\u003e5.4 Tribological properties \u003cbr\u003e5.5 Electronic properties \u003cbr\u003e5.6 Electrical properties \u003cbr\u003e5.7 Magnetic properties \u003cbr\u003e5.8 Thermal stability \u003cbr\u003e5.9 Thermal conductivity \u003cbr\u003e5.10 Optical properties \u003cbr\u003e5.11 Barrier properties \u003cbr\u003e5.12 Sound and microwave absorption \u003cbr\u003e5.13 Rheological properties \u003cbr\u003e5.14 Chemical resistance \u003cbr\u003e5.15 Antibacterial properties \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e6 Dispersion of Graphene in the Polymer Matrix\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003e6.1 Methods of dispersion \u003cbr\u003e6.2 Stability of dispersions \u003cbr\u003e6.3 Dispersion morphology \u003cbr\u003e6.4 Spatial configurations of graphene sheets \u003cbr\u003e6.5 Ribbon size \u003cbr\u003e6.6 Results in different matrices \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e7 Chemical Modifications and Their Applications\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003e7.1 Functional groups and side chains \u003cbr\u003e7.2 Doping \u003cbr\u003e7.3 Edge functionalization \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e8 Current Developments in Some Applications of Graphene\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003e8.1 Aerogels \u003cbr\u003e8.2 Antibacterial surfaces \u003cbr\u003e8.3 Batteries \u003cbr\u003e8.4 Biomedical applications \u003cbr\u003e8.5 Catalysis \u003cbr\u003e8.6 Composites \u003cbr\u003e8.7 Concrete admixtures \u003cbr\u003e8.8 Corrosion protection \u003cbr\u003e8.9 Drug delivery systems \u003cbr\u003e8.10 Encapsulation \u003cbr\u003e8.11 Energy storage \u003cbr\u003e8.12 Inks and 3D prints \u003cbr\u003e8.13 Lubrication \u003cbr\u003e8.14 Organic light-emitting diodes \u003cbr\u003e8.15 Packaging \u003cbr\u003e8.16 Self-healing materials \u003cbr\u003e8.17 Semiconductors \u003cbr\u003e8.18 Sensors \u003cbr\u003e8.19 Sporting equipment \u003cbr\u003e8.20 Transparent functional materials \u003cbr\u003e8.21 Thermal management solutions \u003cbr\u003e8.22 Water treatment \u003cbr\u003e8.23 Wearable electronics \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e9 Comparison of Justification of Nobel Prize by the Selection Committee with Actual Results of Research Reported \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Index\u003c\/strong\u003e","published_at":"2019-03-18T15:00:00-04:00","created_at":"2019-03-18T14:27:40-04:00","vendor":"Chemtec Publishing","type":"Book","tags":["2019","book","new"],"price":35000,"price_min":35000,"price_max":35000,"available":true,"price_varies":false,"compare_at_price":null,"compare_at_price_min":0,"compare_at_price_max":0,"compare_at_price_varies":false,"variants":[{"id":20181861105757,"title":"Default Title","option1":"Default Title","option2":null,"option3":null,"sku":"","requires_shipping":true,"taxable":true,"featured_image":null,"available":true,"name":"Graphene – Important Results and Applications","public_title":null,"options":["Default Title"],"price":35000,"weight":1000,"compare_at_price":null,"inventory_quantity":1,"inventory_management":null,"inventory_policy":"continue","barcode":"978-1-927885-49-9"}],"images":["\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1555\/1853\/products\/978-1-927885-51-2.jpg?v=1552934041"],"featured_image":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1555\/1853\/products\/978-1-927885-51-2.jpg?v=1552934041","options":["Title"],"content":"\u003ch5\u003eDescription\u003c\/h5\u003e\nAuthor: George Wypych \u003cbr\u003eISBN 978-1-927885-51-2 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePages: 316 + iv\u003cbr\u003eFigures 228\u003cbr\u003eTables 4\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eSummary\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePotential applications of graphene are the subject of many papers. On ScienceDirect alone, over 5000 papers were published in 2016, and numerous patents followed. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe main subject of the book is an extensive account of up-to-date findings in methods of production of graphene and its derivatives, commercial manufacture of graphene, research results and data on properties of graphene, graphene dispersion, chemical modification, and the most recent developments in various applications of graphene.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eEleven groups of production methods of graphene and its derivatives are discussed in length, providing how-to-do and what-to-expect analysis and comparison of potential properties of the resultant products. Some of the methods are unique to graphene manufacture, but many of them already existed and were adapted to the use in the graphene manufacture. Chapter 4 contains a short review of the capabilities of the significant graphene manufacturers from several leading geographical locations.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe properties of graphene and its derivatives are already quite well investigated, and they are the subject of Chapter 5. Discussion topics are grouped into 15 sections each devoted to different characteristic properties of graphene which make it so useful in various applications. Chemical modification can change many properties of graphene, and this is discussed in Chapter 7.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDispersion of carbon-based fillers is always the primary problem and factor of their performance. In the case of graphene, three significant factors affect its dispersion namely, its hydrophobic nature, the tendency to re-agglomerate, and 2D very elastic structure of particles. The effect of these and other factors and methods of effective dispersion are the main points of discussion.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTwenty-three groups of products in which graphene or its derivatives can be used are discussed at length in Chapter 8. This chapter is full of ideas for new product development and the possible improvement of existing products. This chapter, like other chapters, is generously illustrated with examples which may help in finding creative applications. More information on the book composition can be found in the detailed table of contents.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe book begins with an analysis of the impact of the Nobel Prize on the development of interest in graphene and compares the justification of the Nobel Prize Committee with actual developments in its science and technology. In Chapter 1, the announcement of the Nobel Prize Committee is analyzed to list the most important reasons for the selection of the topic of the Prize. In Chapter 2, the effect of Nobel Prize on the development of graphene technology is analyzed based on frequency and geographical spread of publications and patents in the years prior and after the Prize was awarded. Also, topics of publications are examined by comparing their frequency before the Prize with current research. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eTable of Contents \u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e1 Introduction. Nobel Prize Laureates and Award Justification \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2 Analysis of Publications \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3 Production of Graphene and its Derivatives\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e3.1 Chemical vapor deposition \u003cbr\u003e3.2 Molecular beam epitaxy\u003cbr\u003e3.3 Ion implantation \u003cbr\u003e3.4 Desorption of silicon from silicon carbide\u003cbr\u003e3.5 Graphite oxidation \u003cbr\u003e3.6 Reduction of graphene oxide\u003cbr\u003e3.7 Ultrasound-assisted exfoliation \u003cbr\u003e3.8 Electrochemical process \u003cbr\u003e3.9 Detonation reaction \u003cbr\u003e3.10 Graphite intercalation \u003cbr\u003e3.11 Agricultural waste processing \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4 Manufacturers of Graphene, Its Grades, and the Production Output\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5 Unique Nature of Graphene. Research Results\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003e5.1 Morphology and thickness \u003cbr\u003e5.2 Crystallinity \u003cbr\u003e5.3 Mechanical properties \u003cbr\u003e5.4 Tribological properties \u003cbr\u003e5.5 Electronic properties \u003cbr\u003e5.6 Electrical properties \u003cbr\u003e5.7 Magnetic properties \u003cbr\u003e5.8 Thermal stability \u003cbr\u003e5.9 Thermal conductivity \u003cbr\u003e5.10 Optical properties \u003cbr\u003e5.11 Barrier properties \u003cbr\u003e5.12 Sound and microwave absorption \u003cbr\u003e5.13 Rheological properties \u003cbr\u003e5.14 Chemical resistance \u003cbr\u003e5.15 Antibacterial properties \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e6 Dispersion of Graphene in the Polymer Matrix\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003e6.1 Methods of dispersion \u003cbr\u003e6.2 Stability of dispersions \u003cbr\u003e6.3 Dispersion morphology \u003cbr\u003e6.4 Spatial configurations of graphene sheets \u003cbr\u003e6.5 Ribbon size \u003cbr\u003e6.6 Results in different matrices \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e7 Chemical Modifications and Their Applications\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003e7.1 Functional groups and side chains \u003cbr\u003e7.2 Doping \u003cbr\u003e7.3 Edge functionalization \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e8 Current Developments in Some Applications of Graphene\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003e8.1 Aerogels \u003cbr\u003e8.2 Antibacterial surfaces \u003cbr\u003e8.3 Batteries \u003cbr\u003e8.4 Biomedical applications \u003cbr\u003e8.5 Catalysis \u003cbr\u003e8.6 Composites \u003cbr\u003e8.7 Concrete admixtures \u003cbr\u003e8.8 Corrosion protection \u003cbr\u003e8.9 Drug delivery systems \u003cbr\u003e8.10 Encapsulation \u003cbr\u003e8.11 Energy storage \u003cbr\u003e8.12 Inks and 3D prints \u003cbr\u003e8.13 Lubrication \u003cbr\u003e8.14 Organic light-emitting diodes \u003cbr\u003e8.15 Packaging \u003cbr\u003e8.16 Self-healing materials \u003cbr\u003e8.17 Semiconductors \u003cbr\u003e8.18 Sensors \u003cbr\u003e8.19 Sporting equipment \u003cbr\u003e8.20 Transparent functional materials \u003cbr\u003e8.21 Thermal management solutions \u003cbr\u003e8.22 Water treatment \u003cbr\u003e8.23 Wearable electronics \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e9 Comparison of Justification of Nobel Prize by the Selection Committee with Actual Results of Research Reported \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Index\u003c\/strong\u003e"}