Shoulder Bones | Shoulder Joint

The human shoulder is a joint consisting of shoulder bones, muscles, and ligaments. The two shoulders are located beneath the head connecting the arm and the chest. Each shoulder consists of 2 bones, the clavicle and the scapula, and collectively both shoulders account for 4 bones in the body.

Below are detailed diagrams and descriptions regarding the shoulder bones. You can find the names and lists of the shoulder bones and descriptions of the shoulder bones anatomy.

List of all Shoulder Bones

scapula (2)

clavicle (2)

Scapula Bone

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The scapula, also known as the shoulder bone, is a triangle shaped bone located in the shoulder girdle. The human body contains two scapula bones, one per shoulder. This bone’s main functions include protection of the thoracic cage and providing a connection between the humerus and the clavicle.

The scapula provides a site for many muscle attachments since the shoulder girdle is heavily used for locomotion. The scapula connects to the Pectoralis Minor, Coracobrachialis, Serratus Anterior, Triceps Brachii, Biceps Brachii, Biceps Brachii, Subscapularis – just too name a few. Furthermore, the scapula is described as containing two surfaces, the costal surface and dorsal surface. The two surfaces differ in shape, texture, concavity, and depressions.

Clavicle Bone

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The clavicle, also known as the collar bone, is curvy bone located in the shoulder girdle. This bone is located just above the scapula and forms the top ridge of the shoulder. The clavicle has many functions in the human body skeleton. It functions in keeping the scapula in position. By doing so, the arm is able to hang freely and obtain maximum range of movement. The clavicle also protects important blood vessels in the region and transmits physical impact and force to other parts of the body to reduce trauma and damage.

Like the scapula, the clavicle provides the attachment point for several muscles. The shoulder girdle is used heavily in motion of the arm and thus it is imperative that the bones of the shoulder girdle allow for movement. The clavicle / collar bone connects to the deltoid muscle, trapezius muscle, subclavius muscle, and many more. Interestingly, the clavicle does not contain a bone marrow cavity and is made up of spongy bone.

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