Change of Journal Title: From TGC to TGH

On March 1st, 2016, the TGC editorial office has decided to change the original journal title from Translational Gastrointestinal Cancer toTranslational Gastroenterology and Hepatology. The advances are listed as below：

• To cover a broader journal scope, including gastroenterology and hepatology.

• To ensure a quick turnaround on manuscripts from submission to publication. TGH will be an e-journal (online only). By that we meant once a paper is accepted and proof finalized, it will be officially published. There is no need to wait for the whole issue to be ready.

• To comply with the development trend of the Internet age and to allow rapid wide-spread of latest research findings among gastroenterologists and hepatologists.

2015 Annual Report of TGC

Greetings from Jia-fu Ji and the editorial office of TGC.

We are glad to present the 2015 Annual Report of TGC here. In 2015, TGC has made some progress and the most significant leap forward is that TGC is indexed in ESCI. More information is shown in the Annual Report.

TGC would like to express sincere appreciation for the enthusiastic and vigorous support and contributions from all board members, guest editors, reviewers, authors, and readers. We wish you a happy, healthy and prosperous 2016!

Cytokeratin 18 (CK18) in apoptotic cell death

Cytokeratin 18 (CK18) is an intermediate filament thatreleased from cells into the circulation during both necrotic and apoptoticcell death. Caspase-cleaved CK18 (M30) and total CK18 (M65) are measured in thecirculation by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (ELISA).

KIT and PDGFRA receptor complex with mutations

Exon 11 KIT mutations are the most common (65-70%), whichhappens usually in the juxtamembrane domain. These could be point mutations,deletions or duplications and are more common in gastric GIST and show goodresponse to imatinib, whereas exon 9 mutations (5-10%) usually are 2-codon502-503 duplications in the extracellular domain (made up of fiveimmunoglobulin like molecules) and these occur predominantly in intestinalversus gastric GISTs and are less responsive to imatinib.

Inflammation of the colon with scattered ulcers in the colon and rectum

The patient was initially started on ceftriaxone and metronidazole for possible infectious colitis, which were discontinued after stool cultures were negative. Colonoscopy was performed and showed evidence of pancolitis and ileitis with mucosal edema with superficial ulcerations.

The effects of siRNA-mediated OPRT knockdown in MKN45 cells

(A) The mRNA levels of OPRT after siRNA transfection; (B) the results of a Western blot analysis of the OPRT expression after siRNA transfection; (C) the results of the MTT assay for 5FU in these cells; (D) the results of the MTT assay for paclitaxel in these cells; (E) the results of the MTT assay for docetaxel in these cells. OPRT, orotate phosphoribosyltransferase; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-tetrazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide.

Model depicting the short and long term signals to the brain centers

Hypothalamic areas form interconnected neuronal circuits that respond to changes in energy status. It includes the arcuate (ARH) paraventricular nuclei (PVH), lateral hypothalamus (LH), Dorsomedial hypothalamus and ventromedial hypothalamus. In the brainstem, the area postrema, the nucleus of the solitary tract and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, which together compose the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) also plays a vital role in the regulation of feeding. Insulin secreted by the pancreas and leptin secreted by white adipose tissues (WAT) are long-acting signals (blue arrows).

In this context, both atrophic gastritis associated with achlorhydria (21,22) and the production of ammonia associated with Helicobacter pylori infection (23,24) can change the state of ionization and the properties of the levothyroxine molecule. Thus, efficiency of intestinal absorption of thyroid hormone is reduced.

The mortality and incidence of colorectal cancer in the world, according to GLOBOCAN estimation project, 2012.

GLOBOCAN estimation project for 2012 indicated that, the age-specific rates (ASR) incidence for Asia was 13.7 and ASR mortality was 7.2 per 100,000. Although the incidence and mortality rate of this cancer are still higher in Western, the ratio of mortality/incidence for Asian regions are higher, which means that the poor survival.