Abdalla relishes her tuberculosis vaccine research not only because it could help save countless lives, but be cause she's expanding her scholarship without fear of the harassment or persecution she faced in Sudan.

An experimental vaccine built immunity against Ebola in monkeys (164: 83 *); a new tuberculosis vaccine excelled in animal tests (163: 318); a vaccine against rotavirus advanced (164: 204); and an experimental anthrax vaccine appeared to stop the anthrax bacterium and disable its toxin at the same time (164: 147).

The group of researchers led by Mitsuo Honda at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases and a Thai public health institute developed the two vaccines by splicing the genes of the HIV virus with the tuberculosis vaccine BCG and smallpox vaccine.

The hypothesis gains support from a study of about 900 Japanese teen-agers who had been inoculated with tuberculosis vaccine, which fools the body into thinking it has encountered an actual TB infection.

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