CiteScore: 5.16ℹ
CiteScore is the number of citations received in one year (Y), to documents published in the three previous years (Y-1, Y-2, Y-3), divided by the number of documents published in those same three years (Y-1, Y-2, Y-3).

Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP): 1.289ℹSource Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP):2015: 1.289SNIP measures contextual citation impact by weighting citations based on the total number of citations in a subject field.

SCImago Journal Rank (SJR): 2.506ℹSCImago Journal Rank (SJR):2015: 2.506SJR is a prestige metric based on the idea that not all citations are the same. SJR uses a similar algorithm as the Google page rank; it provides a quantitative and a qualitative measure of the journal’s impact.

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The kynurenine pathway (KP) is the major route for tryptophan (TRP) metabolism in most mammalian tissues. The KP metabolizes TRP into a number of neuroactive metabolites, such as kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic...

Immune activation is inextricably linked with dysregulation of the tryptophan metabolism, shifting catabolic routes towards oxidative breakdown along the kynurenine axis. Several enzymes are able to...

The kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan degradation contains several neuroactive metabolites that may influence brain function in health and disease. Mounting focus has been dedicated to investigating...

The kynurenine pathway (KP), which is activated in times of stress and infection has been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Activation of this tryptophan...

Oxido-reduction reactions are a fundamental part of the life due to support many vital biological processes as cellular respiration and glucose oxidation. In the redox reactions, one substance transfers...

Suicide is a major global problem, claiming more than 800,000 lives annually. The neurobiological changes that underlie suicidal ideation and behavior are not fully understood. Suicidal patients have...

The kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism has been implicated in brain function, immunoregulation, anti-microbial mechanisms and pregnancy. Some of these actions are due to depletion of tryptophan...

The kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan metabolism has emerged in recent years as a key regulator of the production of both neuroprotective (e.g. kynurenic and picolinic acid, and the essential cofactor...

The kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation generates several neuroactive compounds. Of those, kynurenic acid is an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and alpha7 nicotinic receptor antagonist. The kynurenic...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common adult-onset motor neuron disease characterized by a progressive degeneration of central and peripheral motor neurons, leading to the atrophy of...

It has become increasingly clear that the gut microbiota influences not only gastrointestinal physiology but also central nervous system (CNS) function by modulating signalling pathways of the microbiota-gut-brain...

Research on the neurobiology of the kynurenine pathway has suffered years of relative obscurity because tryptophan degradation, and its involvement in both physiology and major brain diseases, was viewed...

Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) transduce signals derived from release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate from pre-synaptic neurons into excitation of post-synaptic neurons on a millisecond...

Experiments on the action of glutamate on mammalian and amphibian nervous systems started back in the 1950s but decades passed before it became widely accepted that glutamate was the major excitatory...

Kainate receptors belong to the family of ionotropic glutamate receptors. These receptors assemble from five subunits (GluK1-5) into tetrameric ion channels. Kainate receptors are located at both pre-...

NMDA Receptors (NMDARs) play key roles in synaptic physiology and NMDAR hypofunction has been implicated in various neurological conditions. In recent years an increasing number of positive allosteric...

Investigation of the synaptic mechanisms for sensory transmission and modulation provide us with critical information about the transmission of painful sensation as well as the basic mechanisms of chronic...

Several studies have been carried out in the last 30 years in the attempt to clarify the possible role of glutamate as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator in the gastrointestinal tract. Such effort has...

The metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGlu2) plays an important role in the presynaptic control of glutamate release and several mGlu2 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) have been under assessment...

The family of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) are G protein-coupled and comprise of five subtypes, S1P1-S1P5. These receptors are activated by the sphingolipid ligand, S1P, which is produced...

The concept of the oligodendrocyte lineage as simply a source of myelinating cells in the vertebrate CNS is undergoing radical revision. Elucidation of the origins of oligodendrocytes in the CNS has...

Many behavioral experiences are known to promote hippocampal neurogenesis. In contrast, the ability of behavioral experiences to influence the production of oligodendrocytes and myelin sheath formation...

Myelin is essential for the mammalian brain to function efficiently. Whilst many factors have been associated with regulating the differentiation of oligodendroglia and myelination, glutamate signalling...

Substantial progress has been made in identifying the intracellular signaling pathways that regulate central nervous system myelination. Recently, the mitogen activated protein kinase pathway, in particular...

Oligodendrocytes and axons are the main targets of an ischemic white matter injury and the resultant loss of axon function underlies the clinical disability in patients who survive a stroke. The cellular...

Oligodendrocytes readily regenerate and replace myelin membranes around axons in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) following injury. The ability to regenerate oligodendrocytes depends...

Progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severely disabling neurological condition, and an effective treatment is urgently needed. Recently, high-dose biotin has emerged as a promising therapy for affected...

Impact to the head or rapid head acceleration–deceleration can cause traumatic brain injury (TBI) with a characteristic pathology of traumatic axonal injury (TAI) and secondary damage in white matter...

Venoms from various predatory species, such as fish hunting molluscs scorpions, snakes and arachnids contain a large spectrum of toxins that include blockers of voltage-gated calcium channels. These...

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) can develop after ocular trauma or inflammation and is a common complication of surgery to correct retinal detachment. Currently, there are no pharmacological treatments...

Efficient transcytosis across the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) is an important strategy for accessing drug targets within the central nervous system (CNS). Despite extensive research the number of studies...

The control of food intake and body weight is very complex. Key factors driving eating behavior are hunger and satiety that are controlled by an interplay of several central and peripheral neuroendocrine...

The neuromodulator histamine is released throughout the brain during periods of wakefulness. Combined with an abundant expression of histamine receptors, this suggests potential widespread histaminergic...

Histamine, a biogenic amine, is considered as a principle mediator of multiple physiological effects through binding to its H1, H2, H3, and H4 receptors (H1–H4Rs). Currently, the HRs have gained attention...

The potential contributions of dysregulation of the brain's histaminergic modulatory system to neuropsychiatric disease, and the potential of histamine-targeting medications as therapeutic agents, are...

Expression and function of histamine H4R in central and peripheral nervous system have been a matter of controversy for more than a decade. The scientific discussion is often limited to a few publications...

The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) represents a major hurdle in the development of treatments for CNS disorders due to the fact that it very effectively keeps drugs, especially biological macromolecules,...

The mammalian nervous system is a complex, functional network of neurons, consisting of local and long-range connections. Neuronal growth is highly coordinated by a variety of extracellular and intracellular...

ATP (adenosine 5′-triphosphate), one of the most ancient neurotransmitters, exerts essential functions in the brain, including neurotransmission and modulation of synaptic activity. Moreover, this nucleotide...