CPN(UC-M) favoured a negotiated settlement of the Nepalese internal conflict. Their proposal, put forward together with other leftists, is to hold a constituent assembly. The party opposes US involvement in Nepal.

After the fall of the royal dictatorship in April 2006 the CPN(UC-M) has been split in four. One minor faction formed the Communist Party of Nepal (2006). Two other, and more significant splits emerged during 2006. First Mohan Bikram Singh formed a parallel CPN(UC-M), taking with him 3 MPs of Janamorcha Nepal (the faction led by Chitra Bahadur K.C., which had formed a parallel Janamorcha Nepal in May 2006). A core issue behind the split was the opposition of Singh towards joining the interim government. The other split emerged as Shris broke away (taking 2 Janamorcha Nepal MPs with him). Shris' faction later merged into the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified).