'Ali رضي الله عنه was asked about the complete bathing and he replied, "(It is for) Friday (Jumu'ah), the Day of 'Arafah, the Day of Breaking the Fast ('Eid al-Fitr) and the Day of the Sacrifice ('Eid al-Ad-haa)." [1]

"The Messenger of Allaah صلى الله عليه وسلم would not depart on the Day of Breaking the Fast until he had eaten. And he would not eat on the Day of Sacrifice until he had slaughtered (the sacrificial animal)." [4]

"On the Day of 'Eid, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم would take a different path (when returning from the prayer)." [5]

5) The saying of the Takbeer during the days of 'Eid

Allaah سبحانه و تعالى has said:

"The month of Ramadaan in which was revealed the Qur'aan, a guidance for mankind and clear proofs for the guidance and the criterion (between right and wrong). So whoever of you sights (the crescent on the first night of) the month (of Ramadaan i.e. is present at his home), he must observe Saum (fasts) that month, and whoever is ill or on a journey, the same number [of days which one did not observe Saum (fasts) must be made up] from other days. Allaah intends for you ease, and He does not want to make things difficult for you. (He wants that you) must complete the same number (of days), and that you must magnify Allaah [i.e. to say Takbeer (Allaahu-Akbar; Allaah is the Most Great) on seeing the crescent of the months of Ramadaan and Shawwaal] for having guided you so that you may be grateful to Him." (Sooratul-Baqarah, 2:185)

This is concerning the 'Eid of Breaking the Fast . About the 'Eid of Sacrifice, Allaah سبحانه و تعالى says:

"And remember Allaah during the appointed Days. But whosoever hastens to leave in two days, there is no sin on him and whosoever stays on, there is no sin on him, if his aim is to do good and obey Allaah (fear Him), and know that you will surely be gathered unto Him." (Sooratul-Baqarah, 2:203)

And also:

"It is neither their meat nor their blood that reaches Allaah, but it is piety from you that reaches Him. Thus have We made them subject to you that you may magnify Allaah for His Guidance to you. And give glad tidings (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) to the Muhsineen (doers of good)." (Sooratul-Hajj, 22:37)

On the Day of Breaking the Fast, the takbeer is to be said from the time the person leaves to go to the place of prayer until the time that he prays. Ibn Abi Shaybah رحمه الله reported that Yazeed ibn Haaroon رحمه الله had informed him on the authority of Ibn Abi Dhi'b رحمه الله that az-Zuhri رحمه الله said,
أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يخرج يوم الفطر فيكبر حتى يأتى المصلى، وحتى يقضى الصلاة، فإذا قضى الصلاة قطع التكبير

"The Messenger of Allaah صلى الله عليه وسلم would go out on the Day of Breaking the Fast and he would make the takbeer until he reached the place of the prayer and until he finished his prayer. Once he finished the prayer, he discontinued the takbeer." [6]

The timing for the takbeer during the Days of the Sacrifice is from the morning of the Day of 'Arafah until the afternoon of the last day of the Days of Tashreeq. That has been authentically narrated from 'Ali, Ibn 'Abbaas and Ibn Mas'ood (may Allaah سبحانه و تعالى be pleased with them). [7]

As for what one should say in the takbeer, the matter is flexible. It is confirmed from lbn Mas'ood رضي الله عنه that he would make the statement of takbeer twice, saying during the days of Tashreeq:
الله اكبر ، الله أكبر ، لا اله إلا الله ، الله أكبر ، الله أكبر ولله الحمد

[2] The chain of this report is good (jayyid). See Shaykh al-Albaani رحمه الله, Silsilat al-Ahaadeeth as-Saheehah, no. 1279. Imaam al-Haythami رحمه الله stated in Majma' az-Zawaa'id, vol. 2, p. 201, "It is recorded by at-Tabaraani in al-Awsat and its narrators are trustworthy."

[3] This hadeeth is saheeh. See Shaykh al-Albaani رحمه الله, Saheeh Sunan at-Tirmidhi, no. 448. Recorded by al-Bukhaari and at-Tirmidhi.

[4] This hadeeth is saheeh. See Shaykh al-Albaani رحمه الله, Saheeh Sunan at-Tirmidhi, no. 447. Recorded by Ibn Khuzaymah and by at-Tirmidhi but with the words, "until he prayed."

Imaam al-Bayhaqi رحمه الله said, 'This chain is better than the previous one.' I (that is, Shaykh al-Albaani رحمه الله) say, 'Its narrators are trustworthy and are the narrators of Imaam Muslim رحمه الله, save for 'Abdullaah ibn 'Umar رحمه الله who is al-'Umari al-Mukabbir.' Imaam adh-Dhahabi رحمه الله said about him, 'He is honest but there is some problem with his memory.' He and others put the notation that he is from the narrators of Imaam Muslim رحمه الله. Someone like that can be used as supporting evidence. Thus, this is a sound supporting evidence for the report of Imaam az-Zuhri رحمه الله which is missing the name of the Companion only. Therefore, the hadeeth is authentic, in my opinion, both as a statement of a Companion and as a statement of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم. And Allaah سبحانه و تعالى alone knows best." Irwaa' al-Ghaleel, vol. 3, p. 123.

[7] Ibn Abi Shaybah (vol. 2, p. 165) narrated it from 'Ali رضي الله عنه via two chains, one of them good. And from this means it was recorded by al-Bayhaqi (vol. 3, p. 314). Then he recorded similar from Ibn 'Abbaas رضي الله عنهما with a sound chain. Al-Haakim recorded it from him and from Ibn Mas'ood رضي الله عنه similarly. See Shaykh al-Albaani رحمه الله, Irwaa' al-Ghaleel, vol. 3, p. 125.

[8] Ibn Abi Shaybah recorded this with a saheeh chain. However, as another location, with the same chain, he mentioned that he said the takbeer three times. This is how al-Bayhaqi records it from Yahyaa ibn Sa'eed رحمه الله from al-Haakim رحمه الله, who is Ibn Farooh Abu Bakaar رحمه الله, from 'Ikrimah رحمه الله, from Ibn 'Abbaas رضي الله عنهما, saying the takbeer three times. And the chain of that report is also saheeh. See Shaykh al-Albaani رحمه الله, Irwaa' al-Ghaleel, vol. 3, p. 125.

[9] Shaykh Dr. Abdul-Azeem Badawi حفظه الله, The Concise Presentation of the Fiqh of the Sunnah and the Noble Book, pp. 212-216.

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