Chapter 32: Digestive System

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Transcript of Chapter 32: Digestive System

Chapter 32: Digestive System32.3 Read on your own. Answer questions 1-4. 32.1 Read on your own and answer questions 1-4. 32.2 Digestive SystemBreaks down food in a large "disassembly line."32.4 Excretory Systemeliminates non solid wastesex sweat, urine and exhalationInjury and DiseaseTransplantsMouthMechanicalChemicalShred and grind foodsalivary amylase breaks down starches and simple sugarsEsophagus Process of peristalsis moves food down the esophagus. StomachMechanicalChemicalsmooth muscle churns food and mixes it with digestive enzymesHCl and pepsin breaks down proteinsPartially digested food + enzymes in the stomach is called chyme. Why doesn't the stomach digest itself?stomach is not always producing enzymesmucus layer on walls acts as protectionSmall Intestinemuscle contractions break and mix foodMechanicalChemicalenzymes, bile and hormones digest proteins, sugars and fatsBile produced in the liverassists in fat digestionstored in gallbladderempties into the duodenumKidney Structurecirculated by renal arteries and veins inner layer called medulaouter layer called cortexfilters blood and creates urineHomeostasis Jobremove cellular respiration and digestion waste products from bloodMaintains water and pH balancerelease hormones to maintain water balance and blood pressureWhat if the kidneys stop working?build up of waste products interferes with organscan stop the heart Nephronscapillaries in glomerulus allows wastes to diffuse into collecting ductwater diffuses back into blood (reabsorption)urine is producedUrine Testingif a doctor is testing your urine they are looking for particles that should not be thereex. lipids, proteins and sugars are all too large to diffuse throughfinding those can be a signal of infection or injurymust be from a close relativerun the risk of rejecting the organrecipient will be on immune suppression drugs for rest of lifeavoid high contact sportsdamage to only remaining kidney could result in deathDialysistreatment used with a donor kidney is not availableblood is cleaned and chemically balanced mechanically