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Automotive Air-conditioning and Climate Control Systems
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Introduction to Heating and Ventilation
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Heat is a form of energy which means it cannot be destroyed. The principle of the heating and ventilation system is to transfer enough heat from one point to another. The heater is a device which heats the air entering or already inside the vehicle (recycled air). The heated air is then directed to a combination of different places via a distribution of air ducts within the vehicle.

Water cooling system (with the agreement of Toyota (GB) PLC)

Heat exchanger

There are a number of different methods available to heat the air – exhaust heater, heat as a by-product of combustion, electric heater etc. Generally motor vehicles use heat from combustion which is transferred through water or air depending on whether the engine is water or air cooled. If the vehicle is air cooled then a system of shrouds is used to direct the heat from the external surface of the engine, exhaust or in some cases from the lubrication system towards the inside of the vehicle.

Water cooled engines

The engine has a water cooling system which is used to maintain engine temperature by trans­ferring combustion heat (as a by-product of the combustion process) away from the combustion chamber. The heated coolant is then carried from the combustion chamber through pipes to a heat exchanger.

The heater exchanger (heater matrix)

The heat exchanger (Heat exchanger), often called the matrix, is situated inside the vehicle housed

within the heater assembly (Water cooling system

(with the agreement of Toyota (GB) PLC)). It is designed to have a large surface area enabling air to

pass over the surface of its fins.Fresh or recycled air (air from inside the vehicle) is directed under force over the surface of the heater core and then distributed via air and panel vents into the vehicle’s interior. The heater core is made up of tubes and fins which are made from aluminium alloy and have aluminium or plastic tanks attached to the core with inlet and outlet ports.