Talking goes on quite a while before writing – in history as well as personally. For a million years we just had talking, 50,000 languages or so. Around 1500 B.C.E., writing became a human tool, but talking still remains primary. Literature since then has developed in only about 100 languages. Even today, with roughly 3000 spoken, only 80 or so have literature.

Talking comes naturally; writing doesn’t. We’re born making sounds, not jotting notes. The first words, across all cultures are “Mm” and “ah” sounds for Ma, and plosives like “d” and “p” for Pa. But from there the universality of language peters out to “huh,” and you begin learning the unique sounds your society assigns to things and actions. After, say, a year, you begin to speak the mother tongue of your fatherland.

Speech distills a mash of thought into coherence. It filters a pertinent essence from all you’re thinking. You may have heard it said, “I don’t know what I mean until I say it.” Talking exercises your meaning-filter, and exercise strengthens and builds up. It’s hard to overestimate how essential this filter is to the nature and quality of our lives. It’s the same filter your brain applies to the sense and abstract data constantly flooding every heartbeat of your life. It’s also the filter that prompts your attention, and your attention is what writes your life story! So training that filter is key to living in a way you like.

Numerous matters contribute to the state of your filter: pain and reward, for example, and what fascinates you. Talking is a star player in this processing game, but writing jumps you to the big leagues. It filters the filtering to an nth degree. As Einstein famously said, “My pencil and I are smarter than I am.” Einstein is the talker, and the pencil is writing.

“I don’t know what I mean until I say it” translates for a writer as: “I don’t know what I’ve written until I’ve edited it.” Writing lets you rewrite and rewrite until you can’t think of a better way to say it. T.S. Eliot did this very thing to nail his description of good writing (fair to say, it practices what it preaches):

Talking aims to distill thought to shared meaning; writing takes pains to perfect that aim. Writing distills from talking everything that isn’t thought, everything extramental. It aims for the purest meaning that words can say. In our search for meaning, writing is a prime power tool.

Plato warns of the dangers of writing — in writing!

Despite the savagery and dominant sway of stupidity in the world today, a good case can be made that human consciousness has evolved over the eons. It’s maybe easier to see how as individuals, our consciousness has similarly evolved from birth to our current state of understanding. Literacy has been a huge jumpstarter for both types of evolution.

All sorts of advancements occur once literacy hits a culture, from technology to democracy. Literacy enables technological knowledge to spread and grow – the wheel no longer has to keep being re-invented. Literacy also democratizes: more and more people have access to knowledge that used to be privileged.

Big changes also happen personally once we learn to read and write, changes even more sweeping than when we learn to stand, walk and run. Talking expands our reach beyond our physical reach, and writing expands our range far beyond that of the human voice. Literacy doesn’t necessarily make a person good, but literacy does open up our lives. It helps us get more out of life, sharpens and extends consciousness, and helps you spend more quality time with your mind. There’s a reason beyond social embarrassment that illiteracy is regretful. Those who can’t read or write know they’re missing out on a much wider world.

Writing that tries to get just the right words shapes up our filter like nothing else. Editing – rewriting and rewriting – is a paradigm way of getting at truth, ever-elusive but more important at the end of the day than death or taxes. If we want to better our lives, we have to edit them.

Our story isn’t written yet. We write it as we go along, and good writing means rewriting until we get it right. If we don’t edit, we remain stuck in an unevolving mindset. Good literature pulls us out of literalism like Arthur pulled Excalibur from the rock. It doesn’t say “This is the answer, go no further.” It says, “The letter kills; the spirit gives life.”

If pride and mental smugness close our minds to editing, we give up on vibrant life and its ever-unfolding disclosures. The honest work of writing well, expressing yourself as best you can, improves your ability to seek – and the quality of what you shall find.

THE WRITING – TALKING CONNECTION

Writing and talking are closely related but the dimensions they take place in have a world of difference.

We tend to think of writing as just code for speech. These marks you’re reading, for example, stand for words we can imagine hearing. But words in a conversation are sound, passing away the instant they’re spoken. A text is visual and lives on, can be looked at time and time again.

Speech conveys meaning with more than words. It also uses gesture, tone of voice, the interpersonal connection and the environment.

Writing just has words.

This is why writing needs to take more care in word choice, more time to match the thought with the words as clearly as possible. It has no tone of voice that sings along, no gestures that sign along, no eyes to look into for understanding as it rolls along. The written words stand there all alone and naked to be re-examined at will. Best if they have no shame!

Speech and conversation are good parents to writing, and writing does well to honor them. Most good writing (though not all) strives for the naturalness of speech, but it takes hard work to achieve that ease! As Yeats says (writes): “A line will take us hours maybe;/ Yet if it does not seem a moment’s thought, /Our stitching and unstitching has been naught.” This hard-won naturalness is a paradox like what a hard-working actor achieves: well-rehearsed spontaneity.

It’s generally a good idea for writers to go for language akin to how they talk. So many people have been mistaught that writing should “sound” formal and learned. But listen: “I honestly was expecting the meat in this repast to be more abundant” is obviously not as good as: “Where’s the beef?!” The flip side of this is a lowest-common-denominator kind of talking that commercial TV passes off as “realistic.” Not so. The way real individuals talk is always unique. I once recorded a laugh-filled lunch with friends and transcribed it. My playwriting class found the script surreal and somewhat tragic! This teaches two things. Mining your own way of talking when you write keeps it fresh and original. But for clarity, you need to edit it.

Rewriting is a writer’s saving grace.”Re-talking” to say it right tends to be counterproductive. Rewriting what you say out loud, though, is a time-honored way of writing. Cicero’s great orations were first spoken. Then he went off by himself and quilled them down from memory, no doubt editing them to the immemorial essays still marveled at today.

Bogdonavitch’s superb This Is Orson Wellesconsists entirely of long interviews

all of which Welles “thoroughly revised for dramatic purposes.”

Final example: My wife Nancy and the other two members of her singing trio talked about how music played a part in how they each raised their single child. I recorded their conversation, then distilled it into a musical pastiche, part verbatim and part edited to fit the rhythm and music they perform here: You’re A Sweet Little Baby.