Uterine Fibroids

Definition

Fibroids are benign (noncancerous) growths in the wall of the uterus. The uterus is the organ where a fetus grows during pregnancy.

Fibroids are common. They may be very small or they could grow to 8 or more inches in diameter. Most fibroids remain inside the uterus. Sometimes, they may stick out and affect nearby organs. It is common for there to be more than one fibroid.

If menstrual bleeding is heavy, you may be develop iron-deficiency anemia. Symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia include fatigue and exercise intolerance. If you experience these symptoms, talk to your doctor.

Hormonal Therapy

Hormone medications may be an option if you are not trying to become pregnant. These drugs can shrink fibroids, reduce abnormal bleeding, and lessen pain. However, fibroids can return after you stop taking the drugs. These drugs may be used to make fibroids smaller just before surgery.

Surgery

Surgery may be considered if:

The uterus becomes extremely large

The fibroids are interfering with fertility

Symptoms are severe

Surgical procedures include:

Myomectomy—An incision is made in the abdomen. The fibroids are removed from the uterus.

Hysterectomy—The entire uterus is removed. You will be unable to have children if you have this surgery.

Other options include:

Other options include:

Uterine fibroid embolization—This is a minimally invasive procedure. It blocks blood flow to the fibroids. This will make the fibroids shrink.

Focused ultrasound therapy—Energy is centered on the fibroid to destroy it. This procedure may not be ideal for those who are overweight, have very large fibroids, or have extensive scars from prior abdominal surgeries.

Prevention

There are no current guidelines to prevent uterine fibroids.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.