ABSTRACTAssembly Line production is one of the widely used production systems. The problem of Assembly Line Balancing deals with the distribution of activities among the workstations which lead to the maximum utilization of human resources and facilities without disturbing the work sequence. Assembly lines are traditional and still attractive means of large-scale production. Since the time of Henry Ford, several developments have been taken place in production systems which changed assembly lines from strictly paced and straight single-model lines to more flexible systems as parallel work stations, customer-oriented mixed-model and multi-model lines, U-shaped lines and unpaced lines with intermediate buffers. In this paper a problem of line balancing in cashew nut shelling machine production has been discussed using ranked position weighted method.

ABSTRACTThe production of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) causes pollution to the environment due to the emission of CO2. As such, an alternative material has been introduced to replace OPC in the concrete. Low calcium Fly ash based is a by-product from the coal industry, which is widely available in the world. Fly ash is rich in silicate and alumina, hence it reacts with alkaline solution to produce alumina silicate gel that binds the aggregate to produce a good concrete. The compressive strength increases with the increase is fly ash fineness and thus the reduction in porosity is obtained. The flexural behaviour of geopolymer concrete (GPC) beams and control cement concrete beams are studied. The beams are cast over an effective span of 3000 mm and tested up to failure under static loads. The load-displacement response of the geopolymer concrete beams and control beams are obtained and compared with the theoretical results. The results show that the geopolymer concrete beams exhibit increased flexural strength. The deflections at different stages including service load and peak load stage are higher for GPC beams.

ABSTRACTThe plastic is everywhere in today’s life style, The quantum of plastics in municipal solid waste (MSW) is increasing due to increase in population, Urbanization, Development activities and change in life style which leading widespread littering on the landscape thus disposal of waste plastic is a menace and become a serious problem globally due to their non-biodegradability and unaesthetic view. Waste plastics stagnates the water which causes hygiene problems. They also cause environmental pollution by releasing harmful gases which leads to breast cancer, reproductive problems in humans and animals, Genetically abnormalities and even a decline in human sperm count and quality. In recent year’s application of waste plastic have been considered in road construction with great interest in many developing countries. The use of these materials in road making is based on technical, Economic and Ecological criteria. Several million metric tons of waste plastics are produced in India every year. If these materials utilized in highway road construction, the pollution and disposal problems is partially reduced. This waste plastic partially replaced the conventional material to improve desired mechanical characteristics for particular road mix. This waste plastic modified bitumen mix, improves the quality and characteristics of roads like durability, skidding, strength, water resistance etc. And also we have collected and made experiments to use fibres as an ingredient for improving the quality of the roads.

ABSTRACTThere are several technical challenges existing for today’s casting technology. Achieving a uniform distribution of reinforcement within the matrix is one such challenge, which affects directly on the properties and quality of composite material.
In the present study a modest attempt would be made to develop Aluminum based Silicon Carbide (AlSiC) with an objective to develop a conventional low cost method of producing Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs)..Two step-mixing method of stir casting technique has been proposed and subsequent property analysis has been made to develop the composite. Aluminium (98.41%) and SiC (360-grit) have been chosen as matrix and reinforcement material respectively. Experiments are planned for conducting varying weight fraction of SiC (in the steps of 5%)while keeping all other parameters like furnace temperatures, stirring speed & total mass of material mixture constant.
The results were evaluated by Brinell Hardness Test, Charpy Impact Test (including micro-structure) and Corrosion Test The trend of hardness and impact strength with increase in weight percentage of SiC were observed and recommendation made for the potential applications accordingly. By this experimental analysis, it is observed that 25% SiC with Aluminum is the optimum mixture for the Metal Matrix Composites.

ABSTRACTRollover of the vehicle puts the occupants at risk of severe injury and life. A rollover on the side or turning turtle can have grievous consequences for the occupants. Thousands of researches continued for improving occupant safety against roof crush in rollover accident conditions. Different approaches employed to strengthen the roof as well as pillars of vehicles like geometrical and materials were reviewed. These approaches played a significant role in minimizing the deformation of the passenger compartment. FMVSS 216 standards were studied in this paper in order to carry out quasi static load test experimentation as a part of validation. IIHS rating system was studied by comparing the strength – to – weight ratio (SWR) of vehicle with plate displacement. Using plastics as an alternate material approach the weight of vehicle is reduced by maintaining or increasing strength hence achieving greater IIHS SWR rating using CAE analysis ensured more safety of occupants.

ABSTRACT
Sloshing has widespread applications in many industries including automotive, aerospace, ship building manufacturing. The goal of sloshing simulation is to first study the sloshing pattern and then improve the tank design to reduce noise levels, stresses on the structure and optimize the baffle arrangements. In this paper simulation of the fluid in tank is studied and the design modification with baffle plate is considered to minimize the sloshing phenomena using ALE method. Also it is explained that there is need to analyze the sloshing phenomena in detail.
Arbitrary Langrangian Eulerian (ALE) finite element methods gain interest for the capability to control mesh geometry independently from material geometry. In this paper, Fuel slosh is an important design consideration not only for the fuel tank, but also for the structure supporting the fuel tank. Fuel slosh can be generated by many ways: abrupt changes in acceleration (braking), as well as abrupt changes in direction (highway exit-ramp). Repetitive motion can also be involved if a sloshing resonance is generated. These sloshing events can in turn affect the overall performance of the parent structure.

ABSTRACT
Sloshing has widespread applications in many industries including automotive, aerospace, ship building manufacturing. The goal of sloshing simulation is to first study the sloshing pattern and then improve the tank design to reduce noise levels, stresses on the structure and optimize the baffle arrangements. In this paper simulation of the fluid in tank is studied and the design modification with baffle plate is considered to minimize the sloshing phenomena using ALE method. Also it is explained that there is need to analyze the sloshing phenomena in detail.
Arbitrary Langrangian Eulerian (ALE) finite element methods gain interest for the capability to control mesh geometry independently from material geometry. In this paper, Fuel slosh is an important design consideration not only for the fuel tank, but also for the structure supporting the fuel tank. Fuel slosh can be generated by many ways: abrupt changes in acceleration (braking), as well as abrupt changes in direction (highway exit-ramp). Repetitive motion can also be involved if a sloshing resonance is generated. These sloshing events can in turn affect the overall performance of the parent structure.

ABSTRACT
Sloshing has widespread applications in many industries including automotive, aerospace, ship building manufacturing. The goal of sloshing simulation is to first study the sloshing pattern and then improve the tank design to reduce noise levels, stresses on the structure and optimize the baffle arrangements. In this paper simulation of the fluid in tank is studied and the design modification with baffle plate is considered to minimize the sloshing phenomena using ALE method. Also it is explained that there is need to analyze the sloshing phenomena in detail.
Arbitrary Langrangian Eulerian (ALE) finite element methods gain interest for the capability to control mesh geometry independently from material geometry. In this paper, Fuel slosh is an important design consideration not only for the fuel tank, but also for the structure supporting the fuel tank. Fuel slosh can be generated by many ways: abrupt changes in acceleration (braking), as well as abrupt changes in direction (highway exit-ramp). Repetitive motion can also be involved if a sloshing resonance is generated. These sloshing events can in turn affect the overall performance of the parent structure.

ABSTRACT
Surface grinding is the most common process used in the manufacturing sector to produce smooth finish on flat surfaces. Surface quality is the important performance characteristics to be considered in the grinding process. The economics of the grinding process is affected by several factors such as, machining speed, depth of cut, feed and material properties. Quality control helps industries in improvement of its product quality and productivity. Statistical Process Control (SPC) is one of the tools to control the quality of products that practice in bringing a manufacturing process under control. In this paper, the process control of Spacer tube manufactured at TRUE FIT PRECISION is vendor of TATA Motors discussed. The varying measurements have been recorded for a number of samples of a spacer tube obtained from a number of trials with the Grinder. SPC technique has been adopted, by which the process is finally brought under control and process capability is improved. In order to produce any product with desired quality by machining, proper selection of process parameters is essential. Process capability is to be assessed by using statically process control techniques like control charts, it reduces the variability in delivery times, completion times control chart in is an important tool for robust design, which offers a simple and systematic approach to optimize a design for performance, quality and cost. Quality achieved by means of process optimization is found by many manufacturers.

ABSTRACT
This paper deals with experimental analysis of zero-voltage switching mode targeting high-frequency operation using LLC resonant converter. Afterwards the best settings of commutation mode have been utilized in proposed LLC converter suited for distributed power system application. The proposed solution, based on three LLC modules with transformer primary windings star connection allows to drastically reduce the output current ripple and consequently to minimize the output filter capacitor size

ABSTRACT
An ingenious Mold Design forms the basis of the development work required for producing the desired number of units in a given time frame. Multi-cavity molds can help produce the components in mass quantities in a short duration. The simplicity of the mold is the key to ensure the quality of the component produced and the associated costs of development. A review of the same with needful inputs in the design phase would help the Company to achieve its overall objectives. As such, the objective of this work is to Design a Plastic Injection Molded Component for the Automotive Industry that would ensure a minimal time for development of the mold as well as deliver a good quality product during its production phase. The potential defects shall be identified at the concept stage through `simulation’ using CAE software and the Mold Design shall be expedited after deliberating on the options for the type of gate, location of the gate, single or multi-cavity mold, etc.

ABSTRACT
The paper discusses about the design of automotive switch housing of two wheeler, its trial on machine of 40 tons and mold design. To insure a quality final product, it is necessary to start out with quality components. Injection molded parts can be molded to a high quality standard by focusing on these areas of plastic technology: Correct part design, Accurate selection material, processing plastic. Only by drawing on expertise from these three areas of plastic technology can a product designer create quality molded parts that maximize performance and are cost effective. The purpose of this design deals with the first of these three issues part design. The problems which may occur in the development phase of the product are solved in the design phase itself. So the rework and modification of mold is avoided by minimizing the wastages and scrap.

ABSTRACT
In critically loaded component like piston, large coil springs, torsion bars and leaf spring fatigue is a main source of damages. Although, traditionally, piston damages are attributed to wear and lubrication sources, fatigue is responsible for a significant number of piston damages. Fatigue exists when cyclic stresses/deformations occur in an area on a component. The cyclic stresses/ deformations have mainly two origins: load and temperature. High temperature fatigue (which includes creep) is also present in some damaged pistons. Also thermal mechanical fatigue is present in other damaged pistons. Shot peening is one of the process to enhance fatigue life of components & there is scope in study effect of shot peening on fatigue life of piston.

ABSTRACT
An ingenious Mold Design forms the basis of the development work required for producing the desired number of units in a given time frame. Multi-cavity molds can help produce the components in mass quantities in a short duration. The simplicity of the mold is the key to ensure the quality of the component produced and the associated costs of development. A review of the same with needful inputs in the design phase would help the Company to achieve its overall objectives. As such, the objective of this work is to Design a Plastic Injection Molded Component for the Automotive Industry that would ensure a minimal time for development of the mold as well as deliver a good quality product during its production phase. The potential defects shall be identified at the concept stage through `simulation’ using CAE software and the Mold Design shall be expedited after deliberating on the options for the type of gate, location of the gate, single or multi-cavity mold, etc.

ABSTRACT
An ingenious Mold Design forms the basis of the development work required for producing the desired number of units in a given time frame. Multi-cavity molds can help produce the components in mass quantities in a short duration. The simplicity of the mold is the key to ensure the quality of the component produced and the associated costs of development. A review of the same with needful inputs in the design phase would help the Company to achieve its overall objectives. As such, the objective of this work is to Design a Plastic Injection Molded Component for the Automotive Industry that would ensure a minimal time for development of the mold as well as deliver a good quality product during its production phase. The potential defects shall be identified at the concept stage through `simulation’ using CAE software and the Mold Design shall be expedited after deliberating on the options for the type of gate, location of the gate, single or multi-cavity mold, etc.

ABSTRACT
In General, the structure in high seismic areas may be susceptible to the severe damage. Along with gravity load structure has to withstand to lateral load which can develop high stresses. Now a day, shear wall in R.C. structure and steel bracings in steel structure are most popular system to resist lateral load due to earthquake, wind, blast etc. The shear wall is one of the best lateral load resisting systems which is widely used in construction world but use of bracing will be the viable solution for enhancing earthquake resistance. So there is a need of precise and exact modeling and analysis using software to interpret relation between brace frame parameters and structural behavior with respect to conventional lateral load resisting frame. There are various softwares used for analysis of different type of lateral load resisting system such as, E-TABS, SAP2000, STADPRO, etc. In this paper, a few of the past research work has been discussed for modeling and analysis of brace frame RC structure and conventional lateral load resisting frame structures, co-relation of efficiency and various parameters are compared. It is found from the analysis in software, The type of bracing, location of bracing, bracing stiffness and bracing material, etc. have significant effects to the lateral capacity of the structure. In this paper comparative study of RC brace frame structure with conventional lateral load resisting frame has been carried out with different type of bracing, various parameters of bracing and property of bracing by different researchers discussed.

ABSTRACT
In this paper a simplified approach to optimize the design of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger [STHE] by flow induced vibration analysis [FVA] is presented. The vibration analysis of STHE helps in achieving optimization in design by prevention of tube failure caused due to flow induced vibration. The main reason for tube failure due to flow induced vibration is increased size of STHE. It is found that in case of increased size of STHE, the surface area and number of tubes increases, thus the understanding and analysis of vibration becomes a very difficult task. Again it is found that flow induced vibration analysis is considered as an integral part of mechanical & thermal design of STHE. The detail thermal design and analysis work was carried out at Patels Airtemp India Ltd. www.patelsairtemp.com

ABSTRACTEngine pistons are one of the most complex components among all automotive or other industry field components. The engine can be called the heart of a car and the piston may be considered the most important part of an engine. There are lots of research works proposing, for engine pistons, new geometries, materials and manufacturing techniques, and this evolution has undergone with a continuous improvement over the last decades and required thorough examination of the smallest details. Notwithstanding all these studies, there are a huge number of damaged pistons. Damage mechanisms have different origins and are mainly wear, temperature, and fatigue related. Among the fatigue damages, thermal fatigue and mechanical fatigue, either at room or at high temperature, play a prominent role.
Shot peening is one of the best method to avoid these fatigue failures by imparting residual stresses by means of cold work. The prediction of the responses from the input parameters involves many methods spanning across multiple-disciplines such as plasticity, fracture, optimization etc. In this paper we present an overview of Mechanism of Fatigue failure, shot peening technique and its effect over fatigue life of Engine piston. Here we discus about development of impact model in LS-Dyna simulating software and conduct the experimental test on shot peening machine and determine residual stress by using X-ray diffraction technique. Finally we compeer and discuss the results obtained from LS-Dyna and Test conducted in Lab.

ABSTRACTIn many application scenarios digital images play a basic role & often it is important to assess if their content is realistic or has been manipulated to mislead watchers opinion. One of the most common image manipulations is to clone (copy & paste) portions of the image, for instance, to conceal a person or an object in the pictured scene. The main problem in image proof is determining if particular image is authenticated or not. It will be difficult to identify the image if it is used as basic evidence in court matter. In this paper the proposed method is able to individuate if copy-move tampering has taken place and also to estimate the parameters of the transformation used. To support image forensics investigation SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transformation) is used. The presented techniques show effectiveness with respect to diverse operative scenarios such as composite processing & multiple cloning. Extensive experimental results are presented to confirm that the technique is able to precisely individuate the altered area & geometric transformation parameters.

ABSTRACTThe main functions of automobile suspension systems are to isolate the structure and the occupants from shocks and vibrations generated by the road surface. The suspension systems basically consist of all the elements that provide the connection between the tyres and the vehicle body. A spring is an elastic object used to store mechanical energy. It is an elastic body that can be twisted, pulled, or stretched by some force. It can return to their original shape when the force is released. It is a flexible element used to exert a force or a torque and, at the same time, to store energy. The force can be a linear push or pull, or it can be radial, acting similarly to a rubber band around a roll of drawings. The torque can be used to cause a rotation. The main objective of this research paper is to through some light on the fatigue stress analysis of springs used in automobiles. Theoretical, Numerical and Experimental methods are used for the analysis of springs but Finite Element Method is the best for its analysis and calculating the fatigue stress, life cycle and shear stress springs

ABSTRACTManufacturers are feeling the heat to hit their production targets in an increasingly competitive global market. To maintain their edge and maximize their profits, they’ve made operational efficiency a top priority. Yet in some heavy industrial segments, as much as 30 to 40 percent of profits can be lost annually due to unplanned downtime occasioned by machine breakdowns, failures and defects. The maintenance organization is confronted with a wide range of challenges that include quality improvement, reduced lead times, set up time and cost reductions, capacity expansion, managing complex technology and innovation, improving the reliability of systems, and related environmental issues. This paper aimed at developing an optimum maintenance strategy to improve maintenance productivity in paint manufacturing industries which in turns translates into manufacturing productivity. The objectives are to conduct an assessment of maintenance performance in order to investigate the present state of management practices, identify the causes and potential sources of failures, breakdowns and defects in production facilities, improve function reliability of production facilities, improve environmental and manpower safety and establish key performance indicators for monitoring and evaluation of maintenance functions. Analysis of findings from the maintenance assessment throughout 2012 reveals a significant progressive increase in the cumulative equipment downtime hours which impacted on rising maintenance cost and drop in plant output across three paint industries( Sharon, Marshal and Flourish) in Enugu, Nigeria. Five strategic and sequential maintenance model were developed as the critical components of the optimum maintenance strategy for continuous improvement in maintenance architecture across planning, methods and scheduling, resource utilization, manpower capacity and safety, monitoring and evaluation

ABSTRACTIn any production or manufacturing enterprise or service delivery, inventory which is the act of stocktaking could make or mar the profitability of the enterprise. Consequent upon this, a result-oriented and purposefully policy on inventory management must be developed. As far as the implementation of such policy is dependent upon manual efforts, the system could never be free from inherent mistakes that could destroy business success. This research therefore is geared towards elimination of manual implementation of inventory management in the dredging industry, via computerization. In this case, application software CMSDI (Computer Management of Static and Dynamic Inventory) based on Microsoft Access has been developed to give solution. The software (CMSDI) is an interactive one that is easy to understand, network ready for both Local Area Network (LAN) and Website Area Network (WAN), compatible with other applications, easy to customize and accepts data from other databases developed with other applications, highly secured, possess ability to transmit data over the internet that would create the needed checks and balances as well as auditing needs of implementing an inventory management policy. However, from the investigations conducted, no dredging industry uses advanced database management system to operate an inventory system in order to sustain continuous production; this is the reason why many of these industries are out of production for a very long time once there is stock out or major problem is experienced. This is an undesirable situation in production for any industry to maintain its relevance to the society.