New algorithm may help heart patients in remote areas

There is some good news for heart patients in remote places. Scientists at the Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad (IIT-Hyderabad) have developed a new algorithm that promises to help transmit heart parameters even on a low-bandwidth network and make it easier for cardiologists to interpret the data.

Many heart patients need to keep a check on their health by regular monitoring of heart parameters. In India, in every one lakh heart patients about 5000 need such regular monitoring. While portable devices are available to help continuously monitor status of the heart, cardiologists who can interpret such data are mostly not available in rural areas. Telemedicine can bridge this gap by helping transmitting the data to specialists over telephone or other networks. But such transmission of this data – which is massive – requires high bandwidth networks and a specialist to sift through it.

The new algorithm can address these problems. It can process enormous amount of data and packages it in a way that it can be transmitted over a lower bandwidth networks. “It not only detects abnormal heart beat in the ECG, but also compresses this data so that it can be sent easily over limited bandwidth internet available in rural areas. The compressed data can be easily decompressed and interpreted at the other end,” explain the researchers.

The piece of software, researchers said, has been found to have low error rate –it may miss at the most one heart beat in a hundred. It is also less expensive. The system can operate at even a bandwidth of 33.6 bits per second. In addition, it makes diagnosis easier. “The burden on the specialist is reduced by at least 85.9% because he or she now has to only look at the anomalies that have already been sifted apart by the algorithm,” researchers said.

The team has also developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based procedure that combines information like heartbeat and blood pressure with ECG data. The procedure mimicked the human thinking process involved in analysing and combining multiple parameters into a realistic diagnosis, using a form of computing called Artificial Neural Networking (ANN).

The algorithm was tested on available datasets and it gave accurate results. “We are looking at working with hardware groups to incorporate the algorithm into monitoring devices. We are planning to conduct a field trial and an end-to-end system is expected to be available by 2020,”said Bolelpalli S. Chandra, a member of the research team.

The team included Professor Soumya Jana and Dr. C S Sastry from IIT-Hyderabad, and Dr.Laxminarayana Anumandla, a cardiac surgeon from Maxcare Hospital, Warangal. The research results have been published in two journals IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine.