BUSINESS AND LAW FOR SHIPMASTER

Since the last edition of this book was published in 1982, the IMO has
concentrated on the implementation of Conventions which have already
been adopted in the seventies. As a result the International Convention
on Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 1973/78) and on Standards
of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978; the
Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, 1976 and the
Athens Convention relating to the Carriage of Passengers and their
Luggage by Sea, 1974 were ratified by the required number of states
between 1983 and 1987 and so came into force internationally. These
conventions were given the force of law in the United Kingdom by
applying commencement orders of the appropriate Sections and Schedules
provided for that purpose in the M.S.Act 1979.