AIM: The present study has been carried out to detect non-parasitic dermatoses in canines brought at the Nandini Veterinary Hospital, Surat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The current investigation was carried out on skin scrapping, skin biopsy specimens, blood, and serum samples of 210 freshly registered cases of dogs with dermatological afflictions. Dogs found healthy on clinical examination were used as control animals (n=15). The incidence of non-parasitic dermatoses has been recorded as per age, breed, and sex of dogs...

Bowen's disease is generally regarded as premalignant dermatoses. The disease affects both skin and the mucosa and has the potential to progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. There are descriptions of several histological variants of Bowen's disease like psoriasiform, atrophic, pagetoid, etc. Acantholysis of anaplastic keratinocytes with bullae/cleft formation is described in premalignant condition like actinic keratosis and adenoid variant of squamous cell carcinoma, but there is lack of report describing this phenomena in Bowen's disease...

BACKGROUND: Acantholytic dyskeratosis under BRAF inhibitors are dermatological diseases rarely reported to date. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We report 2 cases of acantholytic dyskeratosis, reaching the trunk and the seborrheic zones, not itchy, appeared one month after the introduction of vemurafenib. The histological analysis was typical of a "Grover-like rash" for the 2 patients. DISCUSSION: The appearance of acantholytic dyskeratosis under vemurafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, seems related with a paradoxical activation of the MAP-kinases pathway and with a growth acceleration of lesions in which RAS mutations of keratinocytes...

BACKGROUND: Multinucleated giant cells in the epidermis can either be epithelial or histiocytic. Epithelial multinucleated giant cells are most often associated with herpes virus infections. PURPOSE: To review the histologic differential diagnosis of conditions with epithelial and histiocytic multinucleated giant cells-since multinucleated giant cells in the epidermis are not always pathognomonic of a cutaneous herpes virus infection-and to summarize dermatoses in which herpes virus infection has been observed to coexist...

To better define the spectrum of neoplastic and inflammatory diseases that affect female breast skin and the nipple-areola complex, we searched an institutional dermatopathology database and identified 500 specimens of female "breast" (from consecutive records accessioned January 2009-March 2011), 143 specimens of "areola," 124 specimens of "nipple" (records from the latter 2 groups were from patients evaluated June 1992-March 2011), and 500 control specimens of "abdomen" (accessioned January 2010-March 2011)...

BACKGROUND: Rosacea is a common dermatosis that can involve the bald area of the scalp. We report the case of a man presenting clinical symptoms of rosacea of the forehead and the scalp, but with a histological picture of familial chronic benign pemphigus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 47-year-old man with a history of Hailey-Hailey disease had been presenting facial dermatosis for 5 years. The clinical features were erythema with pustules and scales located on the mid-forehead and the androgenic bald area of the frontal scalp...

Grover's disease is an acquired dermatosis of unknown cause histopathologically characterized by the presence of acantholysis. We report an 83-year-old Japanese man who showed multiple pruritic papular lesions distributed bilaterally along Blaschko lines, necessitating the exclusion of segmental Darier's disease. No mutations in ATP2A2, ATP2C1 or keratin 5 genes were found both in the lesional skin and in peripheral leukocytes, suggesting that putative pathogenesis of Grover's disease is distinct from those of other acantholytic dermatoses...

Focal, mostly suprabasal acantholyis with development of dyskeratotic keratinocytes are typical histological features of Grover's disease. The histological distinction between other forms of acantholytic dermatoses is often difficult. A combined assessment of the histological findings and the clinical symptoms often allows a clear diagnosis. The disease is self-limiting but treatment is necessary in some cases due to the sometimes excessive pruritis.

Galli-Galli disease, a rare genodermatosis belonging to the spectrum of reticulate pigment dermatoses, is classified as an acantholytic variant of Dowling-Degos disease on the basis of its characteristic clinical and histological findings. In the context of this case series, Galli-Galli disease is characterized in detail based on the clinical and histopathological evaluation of 18 patients. The disease pattern is discussed in view of the current literature. In addition, a classification into two clinical subtypes is made and a genotype/phenotype correlation with mutations in the keratin 5 (KRT5) gene is established...

Failure of desmosomal adhesion with ensuing keratinocyte separation - a phenomenon called acantholysis - can result from genetic, autoimmune or infectious proteolytic causes. Rare hereditary disorders of desmosomal formation have been identified in animals. Familial acantholysis of Angus calves and hereditary suprabasal acantholytic mechanobullous dermatosis of buffaloes appear to be similar to acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa of human beings. A genetic acantholytic dermatosis resembling human Darier disease has been rarely recognized in dogs...

Red nail is a common disorder. However, a thorough examination of the patient's nails allows one to distinguish different diseases. For example, longitudinal erythronychia may be monodactylous or polydactylous. Only the former type can show histologically Bowen's disease or an amelanotic melanoma. Among the polydactylous type, the nosologic position of the acantholytic and dyskeratotic naevus versus Darier's disease is still controversial. Acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa looks like bullous Darier's disease, and acrokeratosis of Hopf may present also red longitudinal streaks...

Human herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are well-recognized complications of various dermatoses and have also been reported in both hereditary and acquired acantholytic diseases such as dyskeratosis follicularis (Darier's disease), familial benign chronic pemphigus (Hailey-Hailey disease) and pemphigus vulgaris, respectively. The possibility of HSV infection should be considered in pemphigus patients with lack of improvement under adequate immunosuppressive therapy. This has therapeutic implications, since antiviral treatment instantly clears the HSV-induced chronic erosions...

Warty dyskeratoma is usually characterized by solitary papules or nodules which reveal acantholytic dyskeratosis histopathologically. Warty dyskeratoma most commonly presents as a single lesion, but there are a few case reports of patients with multiple lesions. Herein we report a female patient presenting with multiple verrucous papules on the scalp diagnosed clinically and histopathologically as warty dyskeratoma.

A variety of clinical and histological presentations can accompany the evolution of malignant melanoma. Unusual cytological variants of malignant melanoma include balloon cell, signet ring cell, myxoid and other metaplastic changes. With the exception of a case of pemphigus-like changes associated with malignant melanoma in paraneoplastic pemphigus, acantholysis is not a common histopathological feature of malignant melanoma. We present two unique cases of malignant melanoma with varying degrees of extensive melanocytic discohesion in an acantholytic pattern mimicking pemphigus vulgaris, further referred to in this article as 'discohesive melanoma'...

Granular parakeratosis is histopathologically recognized by the presence of parakeratotic corneocytes housing keratohyaline granules. Similar to acantholytic dyskeratosis and epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, it may histopathologically represent a diagnostic finding in a specific dermatosis, one of the diagnostic features in a solitary keratosis or an incidental finding. Granular parakeratosis as an incidental finding has been reported in association with various dermatoses. This report expands the concept of granular parakeratosis as an incidental histopathologic feature by describing it in carcinomas...

Acantholytic dyskeratosis is a distinct histological pattern characterized by hyperkeratotic and parakeratotic epidermis with intraepidermal clefts harbouring acantholytic and dyskeratotic keratinocytes. This histopathological pattern is uncommon in dermatoses of the anogenital region. We report a 30-year-old woman who had numerous smooth whitish papules on the labia majora, perineum and perianal region, which coalesced into plaques in some areas. Microscopically, the lesions showed prominent suprabasal and intraspinous acantholysis with dyskeratotic keratinocytes...

Linear acantholytic dermatoses are a spectrum of cutaneous disorders that form a subset of linear dermatoses with distinct clinical features and histopathologically show acantholysis. The lesions may be zosteriform or follow the lines of Blaschko. This report describes a four-year-old boy who, on a follow up of two years, exhibited a relapsing acantholytic dermatosis along the lines of Blaschko. Histopathology of a representative lesion revealed epidermal acantholysis with multiple acantholytic keratinocytes with in the prickle cell layer and an absence of corp ronds and grains, consistent with features of Hailey-Hailey disease...

Granular parakeratosis was originally described as a dermatosis confined to the axillae that histopathologically shows characteristic findings in the cornified layer consisting of parakeratotic corneocytes housing keratohyaline granules. Since the original description of this entity, non-intertriginous examples and even incidental foci of granular parakeratotic corneocytes in association with other dermatoses have been recognized. This report details the findings of a previously unreported entity that we are naming granular parakeratotic acanthoma, which is fundamentally akin to acantholytic dyskeratotic acanthoma and epidermolytic acanthoma (ie, a solitary keratosis that histopathologically displays features indicated in its name)...