10,000-20,000 -- Army War College "Army War College" is a consensus of scholars at the Army War College, the National Defense University, the International Institute of Strategic Studies in London and a 1996 Air Power survey led by Johns Hopkins University Prof. Eliot Cohen, based chiefly on estimated losses of Iraqi military units in Kuwait.

1,000-6,000 --John Heidenrich / John MuellerHeidenrich/Mueller estimate is based chiefly on extrapolations from number of bodies found, wounded treated, crew strength of vehicles destroyed.

2,248 -- Government of Iraq Officials numbers cited by the government of Iraq.

1,000-3,000 -- Army War College Army War College consensus estimates are based on Iraqi government figures, minus demonstrated or estimated exaggerations by Iraqi authorities.

Fewer than 1,000 -- Heidenrich/Mueller Heidenrich/Mueller estimate emphasizes fact that five weeks into the six-week war -- long after U.S. bombing had stopped -- Baghdad radio claimed only 1,100 civilian deaths. Months after the war the Iraqi estimate doubled.

Indirect civilian deaths

111,000 -- Daponte Daponte has this field to herself. No other researchers have done detailed demographic projections. Even researchers who quarrel with her estimates of battlefield deaths think her methodology is reasonable.