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The essay includes thirteen pictures by Hilma af Klint, who painted these between 1906-1915. The pictures is a part ofa suite namned The Paintingsto The Temple which extent almost 190 paintings. During her lifetime her life's work was unknown to her own period. She painted abstractical, geometrical forms and used bright colours many years before her contemporary artistcolleagues. Within a hermeneutical method includes different moments like, interpretation, description and analysis of pictures. The essay wants to illuminate and to lind her idiom out of a symbolic visual angle with help from the hermeneutical workrnodell. Partly making her pictorial language more clear and partly to find common factors which increase the understanding for her paintings. The author of this essay means that Hilma af Klint had some difficulties to understand the contents of her own paintings, but she had a clear thought that the pictures reflected the evolution thought in the Creation.

A method is described for monitoring phthalate esters in organic waste products, agricultural soil and crops. Solvent extraction, Ultra Turrax homogenisation and sonification were used to isolate the compounds from the sample matrices. Solid phase extraction was applied for purification, and gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for identification. With the method, six phthalate esters were determined in different matrices. The detection limits were in the range of 1 to 10 mu g kg(-1) wet weight, except for DEHP, which had a detection limit approaching 100 mu g kg(-1) wet weight. Repeatabilities were from 5 to 20% relative standard deviation. Recoveries were from 6 to 100%, depending on the compound analysed. However, except for the polar phthalates DMP and DEP, the recoveries were above 70%. The method feasibility was demonstrated in an investigation of the occurrence of phthalate esters in barley, rape, carrots, agricultural soil, aerobic and anaerobic sludge, household compost and pig manure.

The depletion of stratospheric ozone due to the effects of ozone-depleting substances, such as volatile organohalogens, emitted into the atmosphere from industrial and natural sources has increased the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth's surface. Especially in the subpolar and polar regions, where stratospheric ozone destruction is the highest, individual organisms and whole ecosystems can be affected. In a laboratory study, several species of marine macroalgae occurring in the polar and northern temperate regions were exposed to elevated levels of ultraviolet radiation. Most of the macroalgae released significantly more chloroform, bromoform, dibromomethane, and methyl iodide-all volatile organohalogens. Calculating on the basis of the release of total chlorine, bromine, and iodine revealed that, except for two macroalgae emitting chlorine and one alga emitting iodine, exposure to ultraviolet radiation caused macroalgae to emit significantly more total chlorine, bromine, and iodine. Increasing levels of ultraviolet radiation due to possible further destruction of the stratospheric ozone layer as a result of ongoing global atmospheric warming may thus increase the future importance of marine macroalgae as a source for the global occurrence of reactive halogencontaining compounds.

At the instigation of Professor Bengt-Erik Eriksson and the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Linköping University, researchers from three faculties and several disciplines gathered for a seminar in November 2004 with the commission to discuss the possibility offorming a common research p latform for studies of visualization, visuality and visual culture.

The outcome of this meeting between technologists, medical researchers, social scientists and humanities scholars was the founding of a permanent seminar group that was to meet regularly in order to make an inventory of and to present ongoing research wirhin the given field and to write applications for research grants. Visual accessibility, Visualization of dynamiccourses, Remediation and Yisualization and learning are some of the possible common projects that the group called VVV has identified over the three years of its existence.

Chaired by Dr Anna Sparrman, a senior researeher at the department of Child Studies at the Tema Institute, the VVVgroup arranged a two-day Iong workshop under the heading Images, Science and Knowledge at Villa Fridhem south of Norrkö ping in October 2007.

The aim of the workshop was to discuss the use of images in various scientific practices, focusing not only on the usage bur also on the different ways of defining visualization and on the various theoretical approaches to the concept image. Four key-note leetures and eight shorter presentations of current projects showed clearly the diversity of the use of images in scientific practices and need for a continuous discussion about scientific imagery and the prospeers of a common understanding of what an image really is.

The invited key-note speakers were Professor W.]. T. Mitchell, university of Chicago and Dr Thomas Parathe and Dr Yvonne Eriksson, both from Mälardalen University College. White Professor Mitchells two leetures circled around the general problem of defining an image and the contemporary use of images to comment on and form political opinions instantly, Dr Parathe and Dr Eriksson had more specific approaches, pictures as tools for navigation and tactile perception and tactile understanding of images. The shorter presentations ranged from Haptic visualization of proteins to nations of visuality in a Swedish campaign against food advertising to children.

All leetures and presentations of the workshop were thoroughly documented. The speakers' manuscripts, notes made during the proceedings and interviews with the key-note speakers eonstirute the basis for this publication which hopefully will function as a point of departure for further discussion. Accordingly we want to thank Anna Öst, Marcus Mattsson, Christina Lagneby and Alexandra Uhrefalk who with accuracy and zeal carried out their tasks as secretaries.

The contemporary angel-symbol is deeply rooted in our cultural history, with connotations and implications leading to that inner transitional space where all creative activity takes place. This essay investigates the history of the depiction of angels, visions of angels both ancient and modern, and includes psychological aspects of symbols as such. A closer look at surrounding symbols of angels will hopefully result in a greater understanding of the role of the angel-symbol within the context of visual culture, seen in the light of our own symbolic universe.

This essay comprises a study of the bridal crowns of Tjust, with respect to their national history, concept and aspect of mythological symbol. The tradition of bearing the parochial bridal crown is closely associated with religious medieval politics, and has also come to include elements of superstition and folklore. Attention is paid to these aspects dealing with the position of the bridal crown within current forms of tradition and culture and the impact on brides of this day and age. As the tradition of Church-owned bridal crowns is intrinsic to this country, and especially in the area of which Tjust is a part, possible solutions to the continued tradition are investigated.