Following our previous
article on the 65th anniversary of
the assassination of Leon Trotsky
we publish this interview with Jake Cooper. He was one of Trotsky’s
guards in Mexico who was present in the house at the time of the
assassination.

The
article below is an excerpt from “My Brother, My Comrade,” which is a biography
of Jake Cooper (1916-1990) published by Walnut Publishers. Cooper was a
founding member of the Fourth International, the US Socialist Workers’ Party,
and Socialist Action. He was also a participant in the great Trotskyist led Minneapolis Teamsters’ strikes and organizing
drives of the 1930s, and later one of Trotsky’s bodyguards. This article is
based on a videotaped interview of Cooper that was conducted in 1988.

I want to
say for the record that I think I am the luckiest person on the earth. If there
is anyone more lucky than myself, I would like to know who they are. I say this
not just because of the nice wife I married, but because of the people that I
have had close contact with in my life. Among the people I have known was Leon
Trotsky. In 1940, I was in Mexico as a personal bodyguard of Trotsky
for four months, up until the time that he was killed.

Let me
tell you some of my personal feelings about Trotsky. I was selected by the
Socialist Workers Party to be a guard, and I’m honored by the fact that I was
selected because perhaps it tells you that they thought I was not only a
militant, but that I was honest and would go there to die for our ideas if
necessary.

I remember
that on the drive down to Mexico there was one thing that really
bothered me: how was I going to react when I met this man? Here I was, a
nobody, really, at least as far as the world revolutionary movement was
concerned. How am I going to react when I meet a man who was one of the leaders
of the Russian Revolution, the leader of the Red Army, a man known throughout
the world. I was really nervous about it.

We drove
to Mexico
City and then to Coyoacan, followed all the way by agents who we were sure
were GPU (the forerunner of the KGB) agents. They followed us the entire trip.
They knew that somebody was coming. How they knew I don’t know. When we got
close to Trotsky’s house they just turned off the road and left.

Then came
the meeting with Trotsky. And, as I said, I was nervous. I stepped out of the
car and was introduced to Trotsky. He immediately put me at ease and I realized
that I was meeting with a fellow human being who treated me like a human being.
To me it was like meeting your grandfather, or your dad. This gives you a bit
of an idea of what Trotsky was like.

He was so
grateful for the comrades who came from the United States to assist him in what he was
doing. I imagine that he treated us like he treated the average soldier of the
Russian Revolution – with warmth, a big hug. It was really no big deal, just a
lot of warmth, inviting us into his house, asking us if had something to eat,
bringing us to his table. That was Trotsky.

Another
day, still alive

I had been
there just a short time when I became ill. I had the “Mexican curse” and
tonsillitis. One day I was walking in the patio when Trotsky came up to me and
asked, “Jake, how are you feeling?” I answered that I was OK. “You’re not OK,
Jake,” Trotsky said. The he went over to Harold Robbins, who was the head of
the guard, and told him, “Jake is not feeling well. We have to see that he puts
in less time and we have to see that he rests.”

Now you
wonder why he was so concerned about me. He had the problems of the world on
his shoulders. He knew that the long arm of Stalin would eventually get him,
which is, by the way, why he worked in such a feverish way. But this was the
kind of a human being he was. After Trotsky was murdered, his companion Natalia
said that every morning when Trotsky got up, he would say to her, another day
and we’re sill alive. I’m trying to tell you that we are talking about a human
being, a man who was human.

Another
example of the kind of human being he was took place only a short time after I
arrived. On May 24, 1940, we had the first assault on the
house. I thought I was dreaming when I awoke in the middle of the night (I
don’t know exactly what time it was) and heard all this machine gun fire. But I
wasn’t dreaming. I went to the door and started to open it when Robbins yelled
out, “Jake, stay back and down.” I did. I went down. And just as I went down
there was a burst of machine gun fire across the door. Had I stayed there I
probably would have been killed.

As the
assailants were breaking into Trotsky’s room, Trotsky got out of his bed, went
over to the corner and pulled a blanket over his and Natalia’s head so they
looked like a piece of furniture or a cloth in the corner. The attackers then
sprayed Trotsky’s bed with bullets, just riddled his bed with bullets. They
also wounded Seva Volkov, Trotsky’s grandson. They shot him in the foot in that
assault.

It was
interesting that the assailants knew the exact layout of the place. As a matter
of fact, they had a machine gun mounted by the tree that was opposite the
string of rooms that the guards stayed in. The guards were completely
immobilized. Any guard who had attempted to get out would have been shot and
killed.

When the
firing started I pulled out my gun. The assailants were dressed in police
uniforms. I remember I saw a policeman walking across the patio and I leveled
by gun at him. Then I thought, I can’t kill him, that’s one of the policemen
from the outside. I could have killed him just like that. But I didn’t shoot.
And if I had maybe I would have gotten a burst of machine gun fire too.

Sheldon
Harte, who was one of the guards on duty that night, was kidnapped and
murdered. There had been a question that night of who was to be on duty –
Sheldon or myself – and it had been decided that it would be Sheldon.

Trotsky
was fearless

The
interesting thing about the entire incident was what happened after the assault
was over. Everyone gathered on the patio. We knew that Trotsky was OK. He came
out of his room. His hair was ruffled, kind of flying in the wind. He looked
amazingly calm considering what he had just gone through. I thought to myself
that Trotsky had probably gone through situations as bad or worse during the
Russian Revolution, such that this situation didn’t really shake him.

“What has
happened to the police on the outside?” Trotsky asked. There was a little
garrison post for the police right outside of our building. They were there 24
hours a day. One of the guards climbed to the top of the roof, where there was
a ladder, looked down, then came back down and said that the guards were bound
hand and foot.

Trotsky
reacted by saying that we must immediately go out there and untie the police.
The guards were a little hesitant. Can you imagine why? Right across from our
place was a cornfield, with the corn high, which we thought would be a perfect
place where we might be ambushed. The guards were a little hesitant about going
out and we all kind of stood back and didn’t say anything.

Finally,
Trotsky said, “Well, I’ll tell you what, I will go out there and untie the
police. The assailants are long gone from here.” Of course, we wouldn’t permit
that and the guards finally went out and untied the police. Doesn’t that tell
you something about a human being? Doesn’t that tell you something about
Trotsky, who would not send anybody out to do a task that he wouldn’t perform
himself. It tells me something else, too. Trotsky was fearless. He was a
fearless man. There isn’t any question about that.

I would
like to tell you about another incident that I think says something about
Trotsky the man. One day I was off duty and I looked at the yard and thought to
myself, I’ve got a few hours off today, I’m going to do something special. I am
going to clean up the walkways, which had bricks setting on the edge along the
way. I decided to clean out the weeds to make the walkway look nice.

So I
proceeded to do that. Not only that but I raked it up so it really looked nice
and neat. Trotsky came out of his house and said to me, “Very nice job, Jake.
It looks excellent. It’s clean. The weeds are pulled. Excellent job.” But then
he added, “Don’t you think, Jake, that before you did this, perhaps you should
have consulted with Natalia?” The garden was something that was special to
Natalia. It was like her baby. But again, it tells you something about the man.
It tells you that he didn’t want to do anything to offend me. On the other
hand, he didn’t want to do anything to offend Natalia. I thought this told a
great deal about the man.

Trotsky
a great humanitarian

I want to
make it clear that I did not go to Mexico just to defend Trotsky the man. I
went there to defend the ideas that the man represented. In Mexico, I saw how Trotsky spent all of
his time, from morning till dusk, working desperately to record his ideas on
what had to be done in the revolutionary movement. Trotsky knew that human
beings were at an impasse, and he had a lot to offer the working class in view
of the experience he had gone through in the Russian Revolution.

I want you
to take note of the words on my T-shirt (“Union Solidarity, Austin, Minnesota”). One thing that Trotsky said was
so important was the solidarity of the labor movement: the solidarity of the
working class of the world. When Stalin said that we have to come to terms with
the capitalist class and proclaimed the idea of “socialism in one country,”
Trotsky taught that Stalin had abandoned the prospect of solidarity with the people,
the workers, of the rest of the world. That is where Trotsky broke with the
Stalinists and that is where he established the flag of the Fourth
International, which stood for the proposition of building socialism everywhere
in the world.

I want to conclude
by saying that Trotsky was a great humanitarian. His whole life was devoted to
building a better world for humanity. He showed this not only in his ideas and
what he stood for, but in his relations with people. All this left me with a
tremendous feeling for Leon Trotsky as a human being.