Christmas in middle east Peace reinvigorates Bethlehem tourism

BETHLEHEM, West Bank - After eight bleak years, Jesus' birthplace finally has a Christmas season to cheer about.

Hotels are booked solid through January, Manger Square is bustling with tourists, and Israeli and Palestinian forces are working to make things go smoothly.

Elias Al-Araj's 200-room hotel is fully booked for the season, and he plans to open a 100-room annex. He said he already has bookings through July.

"This year, business was great," he said.

Bethlehem's economic fortunes are closely tied to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Tourism blossomed in the 1990s, when peace hopes were alive, but was crushed by the outbreak of fighting in 2000.

Christmas after Christmas, tourists were scared off by Palestinian violence and Israeli travel restrictions.

With calm gradually returning to the West Bank, Bethlehem again has become a magnet for Christmas pilgrims.

"It's a difference between heaven and earth," said entrepreneur Mike Kanawati, who is opening a new restaurant near the Church of the Nativity.

Palestinian officials say

1.3 million tourists have visited the West Bank this year, nearly double last year's level. The total for 2008 could rise to 1.6 million. The tourism boom has created 12,000 jobs, Palestinian Information Minister Riad Malki said.

Bethlehem's 19 hotels are fully booked through January, Mayor Victor Batarseh said. He said he expects 30,000 visitors on Christmas Eve alone, compared with 22,000 last year, with about 5,000 more expected during Orthodox rites in January.

Mr. Batarseh said he hopes the signs of recovery will persuade more Bethlehem residents to stay in their town. In recent years, growing numbers, particularly Christians, have emigrated. "Calm and an increase in tourism will create more job opportunities and encourage families to stay in the city," said Mr. Batarseh, who is Christian.

Officials say 40 percent of the town's 32,000 residents are Christian, down from 90 percent in the 1950s. The rest are Muslim.

Christmas decorations should be up by today.

Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas will light the Christmas tree, a large cypress, in Manger Square. Bands of yellow lights are strung across the main road at the entrance to Bethlehem.

Bethlehem is a typical West Bank town, with congested streets and noisy markets, very different from the biblical idyll visitors might imagine.

"It's fascinating to see the place I heard about all my life," said Michael Creasy, 30, a software engineer from San Francisco, after emerging from the Church of the Nativity that stands over Jesus' traditional birth grotto. He said he'd love to stay for Christmas, but has to get back to work.

The upbeat mood contrasts sharply with the dismal Muslim holiday season in the Gaza Strip. Because of an Israeli economic blockade imposed in response to repeated rocket attacks, the coastal strip is acutely short of sheep and cattle for the Muslim Feast of the Sacrifice, or Eid al-Adha.

Meanwhile, Bethlehem is being turned into a showcase for Palestinian security forces, who gradually have expanded areas under their control in the once-unruly West Bank.

About 1,500 Palestinian police officers will be deployed in Bethlehem during the holiday. They want to look reassuring, though the dozens of armed officers who recently stomped in unison across Manger Square might have scared some tourists.

Suleiman Emran, a security official, said officers are to greet the visitors with roses, candy, and holiday greeting cards that include emergency phone numbers in case of trouble.

Israeli security officials said they are working with their Palestinian counterparts to ensure easy access to Bethlehem.

Bethlehem is ringed on three sides by a barrier which Israel says is meant to keep out Palestinian militants. A large gray wall separates the city from nearby Jerusalem, and tourists entering Bethlehem must pass through a military checkpoint with barbed wire and watchtowers.

Late last month, at a meeting of Palestinian military chiefs to discuss Christmas preparations, the Palestinians asked Israel to speed tourists through its army checkpoints and not carry out arrest raids in Bethlehem during the holidays, Mr. Emran said.

"We are afraid it would terrify the visitors," he said.

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