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GENERAL FEEDBACK ON BACK BAY BATTERY SIMULATION Excerpts from the Simulation’s Teaching Note The Division Manager’s Dilemma The Division Manager at Back Bay Battery faces the classic innovator’s dilemma. While Back Bay has a successful business that is generating reasonable profits in NiMH batteries, a new technology in the form of ultracapacitors looms on the horizon. For its existing customers, ultracapacitors are a long way from meeting current customer needs which prioritize things like energy density, selfdischarge rate, and cost. Certainly none of them could envision dropping in ultracapacitors as a replacement anytime soon. Back Bay Battery has been spending to reduce NiMH self‐discharge, leading to substantial improvements over the last two years. Not making an investment in self‐discharge performance would potentially cause the company to be disadvantaged relative to its competition. It could spend R&D money in other areas as well. Process improvement is most likely to lead to manufacturing yield improvements and lower product costs. If it wants to keep improving energy density, that is probably one of the more expensive and longer‐ range R&D programs it could choose. Another pressure facing the Division Manager at Back Bay Battery is that the product manager at a major power tools manufacturer, who happens to be one of Back Bay’s largest and best customers, has been encouraging the company to focus on its specific needs for an upcoming refresh of its consumer power tools line. The customer is looking for higher power density and lower unit battery costs, as it is feeling market pressure from Asian competitors. He has been shopping for competitive NiMH batteries sourced in China and has made clear to Back Bay the importance of remaining price competitive. The NASA demonstration of an ultracapacitor‐powered drill ...

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...Gillette. The board needs to decide what should be done to turn Duracell around and restore Gillette to a dependable financial performer.
2. How is the battery industry (you can use five forces analysis to answer this question)? Has it been changing? If yes, how?
Overall, the industry is very attractive. New entrants realize the potential of snagging a piece of a highly profitable industry that produced $5.2 billion in revenue and $807 million operating margin.
Threat of new entrants is low, as the capital requirements and technology development needed to stay relevant in the market proves to be a daunting barrier to entry. Also, in order to realize a significant profit, economies of scale must be realized to produce a massive amount of batteries while keeping costs low. This would be harder for smaller entrants to achieve.
Threat of substitute products is low, as no replacement good has been introduced that may provide the consumer with the same benefits as using a battery. This makes the industry attractive. However, if a company produced a good that could replace the need for a battery, this would detrimentally alter the battery industry, making threat of substitute products a major factor of the industry.
The bargaining power of suppliers is low because there is little differentiation between the inputs of the batteries, which can be acquired from many different suppliers....

...﻿Technology Essay
Ali
Battery
Only once in a lifetime will a new invention come about to touch every aspect of our lives. An important technology integrated into our society and around theworld is the invention of the Battery. Among many inventions of our modernworld, the battery stands out as an amazing on going development with its effect on almost every portable electric powered device. An electrical battery is acombination of one or more electrochemical cells, used to convert storedchemical energy into electrical energy.The primary, and arguably most noble, intent of the battery is to assist inmankinds pursuit of practicality. Electricity had always fascinated human kindsince our ancestors first witness of lightning. In ancient Greece, Thales observedthat rubbing amber, for which the Greek word is electro, could generate anelectric charge. In 1938 a jar was found just outside of Baghdad, Iraq that may beor could be the first battery.Nowadays battery is used to power, advanced machine, electric appliances andmajority of electronics that are integrated to mankind. Having fulfilled its duty toprovide practicality for human to operate electronics, the battery could be titledas one of the most important inventions ever made. There are currently twotypes of battery, disposable batteries which are designed to be used once anddiscarded when they...

...﻿
POTATO INTO BATTERY
Abstract
a.Purpose
To lessen the consume of electric charge
b. Procedure
We insert copper and zinc electrodes in to the potato, close but not touching each other. We use Clip leads to connect our electrodes to the Multimeter to measure voltage between two electrodes or current passing through the multimeter. For this experiment we used a galvanized nail for our Zinc electrode.
c. Result
It did go well and the potato did give voltage to the equipment (clock) However, the energy needed depends on the potato also the voltage is not permanent for the potatoe’s voltage also runs out in a time period.
d. Conclusions
therefore potato is an effective source of voltage and it can lessen the consume of electric charge however it also depends in the potato.
Acknowledgement
The researchers would like to acknowledge with sincerest gratitude the following persons for the support they gave to them in the accomplishment of this investigatory project. Our classmates, who helped us whenever we are misguided and whenever we have difficulties. Mrs, who serves as our second mother, who keeps on supporting us and serving as our guardian in school especially at times that we are in the wrong track. Parents, whom we lean on at most times. Who gave us all of the supports they can give for us to be able to study in a better school. Who keeps on providing us everything we need. And most especially to our Father God from...

...POTATO BATTERY
Abstract
a. Purpose
To lessen the consume of electric charge
b. Procedure
We insert copper and zinc electrodes in to the potato, close but not touching each other. We use Clip leads to connect our electrodes to the Multimeter to measure voltage between two electrodes or current passing through the multimeter. For this experiment we removed the shell of a broken AA battery for our Zinc electrode. (Make sure to test your multimeter by connecting its Positive and Negative wires to each other that should show no current and no voltage).
c. Result
d. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
The researchers would like to acknowledge with sincerest gratitude the following persons for the support they gave to them in the accomplishment of this investigatory project.
Our classmates, who helped us whenever we are misguided and whenever we have difficulties.
Ms.Melissa Bernardo, who serves as our second mother, who keeps on supporting us and serving as our guardian in school especially at times that we are in the wrong track.
Parents, whom we lean on at most times. Who gave us all of the supports they can give for us to be able to study in a better school. Who keeps on providing us everything we need.
And most especially to our Father God from above, who gave us the knowledge and the ability to do our project and who gave us instinct to think and decide and to know what’s right or wrong.
Table of Contents
I....

... Earth Batteries
Dirt makes pretty good batteries. It seems like moist dirt packed tightly works the best. Add just enough water but not too much. I guess if the dirt dries up, you'll have to water the batteries along with the rest of the plants. The soda can version works but I haven't tested extensively. You don't really have to use a penny, just has to be copper. Perhaps other common materials would work better. Each cell gives you a useless 0.5 volts. But if you link them in series you can get more. I was able to light up an LED decently with 4 cells. Not quite as bright as Alkalines, but you get what you pay for I guess. While it's probably not the easiest way to get power, it's basically free, and it works on a small scale. Larger, higher current versions may be possible, but you'll probably need to still connect several together to attain a usable voltage level.
I have the idea of hammering 2 tubes in the ground, a slightly larger alluminum tube with a copper plumbing pipe inside, like this:
_____
/ _ \
| (_)-|----copper (+0.75 volts)
\_____/----alluminum or zinc (-)
It works just like a regular battery except the electrolyte is damp dirt. And you get a quick recharge with each and every acid-rain. The first dirt batteries I made indoors in paper cups worked almost as good as commercial AA's, so I think the process is...

...schools there. By 1800 he had developed the so-called voltaic pile, a forerunner of the electric battery, which produced a steady stream of electricity. In recognition of his work in the field of electricity, the electrical unit known as the volt was named in his honor.
Invention: electric battery in 1800
Volta called his battery the Voltaic Pile. He stacked alternating layers of zinc, cardboard soaked in salt water and silver, image courtesy BBC Rough Science
Function: noun / electric bat·tery
Definition: In science and technology, a battery is a device that stores energy and makes it available in an electrical form. A battery converts chemical energy into electric energy. It is a connected bunch (or “battery”) of electro-chemical devices.
Inventor: Count Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta
Alessandro Volta image courtesy www.chemie.uni-bremen.de/stohrer/biograph/volta.htm
Criteria: First to invent.
Birth: February 18, 1745.in Como, Lombardy, Italy
Death: March 5, 1827.in Como, Lombardy, Italy
Nationality: Italian
The Story:
Electricity has fascinated human kind since our ancestors first witnessed lightning. In ancient Greece, Thales observed that an electric charge could be generated by rubbing amber, for which the Greek word is electron. In 1938 a jar was found just outside Baghdad, Iraq (that may be, could be or is believed to be) the first...

...﻿Chapter 1
Introduction:
An electric battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cellsthat convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Each cell contains a positive terminal, or cathode, and a negative terminal, or anode. Electrolytesallow ions to move between the electrodes and terminals, which allows current to flow out of the battery to perform work.
Primary (single-use or "disposable") batteries are used once and discarded; the electrode materials are irreversibly changed during discharge. Common examples are the alkaline battery used for flashlights and a multitude of portable devices. Secondary (rechargeable batteries) can be discharged and recharged multiple times; the original composition of the electrodes can be restored by reverse current. Examples include the lead-acid batteries used in vehicles and lithium ion batteries used for portable electronics.
Batteries come in many shapes and sizes, from miniature cells used to powerhearing aids and wristwatches to battery banks the size of rooms that provide standby power for telephone exchanges and computer data centers.
According to a 2005 estimate, the worldwide battery industry generates US$48billion in sales each year,[1] with 6% annual growth.
Batteries have much lower specific energy (energy per unit mass) than common fuels such...

...ABSTRACT
A Fruit battery is a device used in experiments proposed in many science textbooks around the world. It is made by inserting two different metallic objects, for example a galvanized nail and a copper coin, into an ion bridge (for example a lemon, a potato or paper soaked in salt water or acid). The copper coin serves as the positive electrode or cathode and the galvanized nail as the electron-producing negative electrode or anode. These two objects work as electrodes, causing anelectrochemical reaction which generates a small potential difference.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to thank Wikipedia, Google and our parents for the information and for the financial assistance.
Methodology
Materials
- 1 medium size lemon or lime
- About 4 in. wire with insulation
removed, #12 or #18 works just fine
- 1 steel nail, #6 or 8 is ok
- 1 zinc plated nail, #6 or 8 is ok
- Small piece of sandpaper
- Knife or wire pliers (not shown) to
remove insulation
General Procedures
1. Set the fruit on a table and gently roll in around to soften it up. Youwant the juice to be flowing inside the fruit without breaking its skin.Alternatively, you can squeeze the fruit with your hands.2. Insert the zinc and copper nails into the fruit so that they are about2" or 5 cm apart. You don't want them to be touching each other. Avoidpuncturing through the end of the fruit.3. Remove enough insulation from the leads of the light (about 1") sothat you can wrap one...