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20 May 2015

Ryan Dahl, and other developers, at Joyent created Node.js. Node.js is
an open source, cross-platform runtime environment for server-side and
networking applications. It brings event-driven programming to web
servers enabling development of fast web servers in Javascript.

In an
event-driven application, there is a main loop that listens for events,
and then triggers a callback function when one of those events is
detected. Node.js also provides a non-blocking I/O API that optimizes an
application's throughput and scalability. In a non-blocking language,
commands execute in parallel, and use callbacks to signal completion.
In a blocking language, commands execute only after the previous
command has completed.Node.js uses the Google V8 JavaScript engine to
execute code, and a large percentage of the basic modules are written in
JavaScript.

Node.js contains a built-in library to allow applications
to act as a Web server without software such as Apache HTTP Server or
IIS.NPM is the pre-installed package manager for the Node.js server
platform. It is used to install Node.js programs from the npm registry.
The package manager allows publishing and sharing of open-source
Node.js libraries by the community, and simplifies installation,
updating and un-installation of libraries.