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Abstract

Stereometamaerials can fully utilize the 3D degrees of freedom to exploit the coupling and hybridization between multiple split ring resonators (SRRs), enabling more extraordinary resonances and properties over their planar counterparts. Here we propose and numerically study a kind of structure based on connected SRRs sharing their gap in a rotational fashion. It is shown that there are three typical resonance modes in such cage-like SRR (C-SRR) stereometamaterial in the communication and near infrared range. In the order of increasing energy, these modes can be essentially ascribed to magnetic torodial dipole, magnetic dipole, and a mixture of electric-dipole and magnetic toroidal dipole. We show that the latter two are derived from the second-order mode in the corresponding individual SRR, while the first one from the fundamental one. The highest energy mode remains relatively “dark” in an individual C-SRR due to the high-order feature and the rotational symmetry. However, they are all easily excitable in a C-SRR array, offering multiband filtering functionality.

Figures (6)

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the stereometamaterial. (a) Feature sizes of the constitution SRR where l1=300nm, l2=200nm, w=50nm, g=75nm and the dashed line labels the rotation axis (z-axis) for generating the C-SRR stereometamaterials. (b) and (c) unit cell of the C-SRR array with periods Px and Pz=600 nm, respectively. (b) The incident light is incoming with k-vector parallel to two of the SRRs and perpendicular to the other two SRRs. (c) The C-SRR is rotated by 45þ degree with respect to the normal direction of the array plane.

Fig. 2 (a) Scattering cross section of single SRR and an individual cage-SRR (C-SRR). (b) and (c) the surface current corresponding to the resonance peaks of single SRR. Background color is for the current intensity.

Fig. 3 (a) Simulated transmission of the two dimensional arrays shown in Fig. 1(b), with periodic boundary conditions for Px=600nm, 700 nm, and 800 nm. The vertical dot line represents the frequency of |ω2〉 mode in single SRR. (b) Dispersion of radiated power from the various multipole moments when Px=700 nm.

Fig. 5 (a) Simulated transmission of the two dimensional arrays shown in the situation of Fig. 1(c). The gray dot line represents the second-order mode |ω2〉 of single SRR. (b) Dispersion of the radiated powers of various multipole moments for Px=700 nm.