Stockholmsyndrom

Abstract

This study investigates the phenomena Stockholm syndrome. The main focus will be on criminal situations regarding hostages and kidnappings. Seen as the phenomenon originates from the incident in Stockholm in 1973, we have chosen to use this incident as our primary case from which we will highlight relevant variables. In addition to our primary case, other cases such as the Elizabeth Smart case and the Patricia Hearst case will be used as additional sources of examination of the phenomena. Through various views, the paper studies the development of the Stockholm syndrome during the before mentioned criminal situations. Furthermore it discusses whether or not the phenomenon occurs within all the examined cases, and where the line is drawn between being a victim of Stockholm syndrome or victim of actual love.
The study indicates that the phenomena Stockholm syndrome is being perceived and explained as a survival mechanism that the victim uses to enhance their chances of survival in a life-threatening situation. Furthermore it indicates that the phenomena, and hereby the positive relationship that occurs between victim and perpetrator, does not appear to be occurring between every victim and perpetrator within a group of hostages. Also, the degree of the development of the phenomena varies from person to person depending on the individual’s state of mind and the given circumstances. Finally it indicates that it cannot be known whether or not it is the phenomenon that continues when the victim marries the perpetrator or if it happens to be real feelings of affection