WR

removing the labia and the clitoris and sometimes stitching the vulva nearly shut, makes childbirth hard, no sexual stimulation, and painful menstruation and urination (27 countries in Africa as well as other areas)

Intertropical Convergence Zone

where the North winds meet the South, generally located around the equator, and affects weather

Ethnic Cleansing

the deliberate removal of an ethnic group from a particular area by forced migration.

Export Processing Zone

specially created legal space within a country where no duties or taxes are charged, attracts foreign factory owners.

Microcredit

Hajj

the journey to Mecca, partake once in your life if you are able.

Koran

jewish bible

Deindustrialization

produce less, cheaper to buy from others than produce yourself (Europe and Australia)

5 Pillars of Islam

1. Pray 5 times a day2. Fast during Ramadan3. Journey to Mecca4. Alms to Charity5. There is only 1 god and Muhammad is his prophet

Aral Sea

sea that is drying up and needs agriculture, in Russia

Dumping

dumping excess goods into third world countries, the result is these goods displace their goods and put farmers out of business, South America becomes more dependent on Europe.

Pancasila

national philosophy that promotes: belief in god, conformity, corporatism, consensus, and harmony (Indonesia)

Kashmir

Muslim majority of Northern India, India wants to keep it for themselves, but Pakistan believes it should be theirs because it is Muslim majority, the majority want out of the region because of the bombing, shooting, etc.

Structural Adjustment Program

SAP – policies that require economic reorganization toward less government involvement in industry, agriculture, and social services; sometimes imposed by the World Bank.

OPEC

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries-control world wide oil prices based on how much they expect to get.

Subsistence Affluence

the ability to maintain a safe and healthy lifestyle on relatively little formal income, as is found on some South Pacific islands

Vladimir Putin

former president, current prime minister Russia, trying to run again, rigged election,

Guest Worker

Europe, a program where people go other places and work jobs that no one wants and work at a low price, helps support the local welfare system.

Assimilation

when someone from another culture blends in completely with a new one.

Oligarch

in Russia those who acquire great wealth during the privatization of Russia’s resources and to use that wealth to exercise power.