Energy - Somerset Academy

Energy
By: Mr. Meringolo
Before We Begin… Copy down the following
questions. You will answer them throughout the
powerpoint.
• Give three examples of when energy is used.
• What is the difference between potential and kinetic energy?
• Name two types of potential energy.
• What are three different forms of energy?
• Give an example on how energy can transfer from one form to
another.
• How is Heat energy produced?
• What does the law of conversation of energy state?
Nature of Energy
• Energy is all around you!
• You can hear energy as sound.
• You can see energy as light.
• And you can feel it as wind.
Nature of Energy
• You use energy when you:
• hit a softball.
• lift your book bag.
• compress a spring.
The Law of Conservation of Energy
• Energy can be neither created nor destroyed, It can only be
converted from one form to another.
Nature of Energy
• What is energy that it can be involved in so many different
activities?
• Energy can be defined as the ability to do work.
• If an object or organism does work (exerts a force over a
distance to move an object) the object or organism uses
energy.
Kinetic vs. Potential Energy
• Kinetic Energy: the energy of motion
• Potential Energy: stored energy
Kinetic Energy
• The energy of motion is called kinetic energy.
• The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.
• The greater the mass of a moving object, the more kinetic energy
it has.
Potential Energy
• Potential Energy is stored energy.
• Stored chemically in fuel, the nucleus of atom, and in foods.
• Or stored because of the work done on it:
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•
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Stretching a rubber band.
Winding a watch.
Pulling back on a bow’s arrow.
Lifting a brick high in the air.
Gravitational Potential Energy
• Potential energy that is dependent on height is called gravitational
potential energy.
Potential Energy
• Energy that is stored due to being stretched or compressed is
called elastic potential energy.
Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversion
• Roller coasters work because of the energy that is built into the
system. Initially, the cars are pulled mechanically up the tallest
hill, giving them a great deal of potential energy. From that point,
the conversion between potential and kinetic energy powers the
cars throughout the entire ride.
Forms of Energy
• The five main forms of energy are:
• Heat
• Chemical
• Electrical
• Nuclear
• Mechanical
Heat Energy
• The internal motion of the atoms is called heat energy, because
moving particles produce heat.
• Heat energy can be produced by friction.
• Heat energy causes changes in temperature and phase of any form
of matter.
Chemical Energy
• Chemical Energy is required to bond atoms together.
• And when bonds are broken, energy is released.
• Fuel and food are forms of stored chemical energy.
Electrical Energy
• The movement of electrons through matter
• Electricity is a form of electrical energy
• Power lines carry electromagnetic energy into your home in the
form of electricity.
Nuclear Energy
• The nucleus of an atom is the source of nuclear energy.
• When the nucleus splits (fission), nuclear energy is released in the
form of heat energy and light energy.
• Nuclear energy is also released when nuclei collide at high speeds
and join (fuse).
Mechanical Energy
• The energy of moving things
• When you ride a bike you use mechanical energy
• When you kick a football, you give mechanical energy to the
football to make it move
Light Energy (Radiant Energy)
• The energy carried by light
• whenever you are looking at light, you are looking at energy
Sound Energy
• Vibrates air molecules
• The air molecules move tiny bones in your ear
• The message of sound then moves to your brain
• Can also vibrate objects
Energy Conversion
• Energy can be changed from one form to another. Changes in the
form of energy are called energy conversions or energy
transformations.
• All forms of energy can be converted into other forms.
• The sun’s energy through solar panels can be converted directly into
electricity.
• Green plants convert the sun’s energy (electromagnetic) into starches and
sugars (chemical energy).
Energy Conversions
Chemical  Heat Mechanical