This is a german product, and although the English translation of the ingredient listing is provided on the manufacturer website, it does not conform to standard English terminology. Our review thus assumes 'flour' in this listing to equate to 'meal'.

The first ingredient, poultry meal, is a meat meal product but is not one named by species. This is a concern as it makes it impossible to identify the source, quality or consistency of the ingredient. Ingredients of unidentifiable source are usually very low quality, cheap ingredients and are not found in higher quality products. Venison meal is the fourth ingredient (we are unsure of what 'paunch' refers to), whilst venison bone meal is 6th. Despite being named by species, we have some doubt about the quality of this ingredient. A further meat ingredient is fish meal, 10th on the ingredient list. This is too far down to make any substantial contribution to the overall meat content of the food. We are unable to locate any guarantee by the manufacturer that this ingredient is free of ethoxyquin. Ethoxyquin is a chemical preservative commonly added to fish ingredients destined for pet foods and which is banned from use in human foods because it is believed to be carcinogenic.

The main grains in the food are corn and rice. We assume 'whole-grain-cornflour' in this ingredient listing to mean corn meal, rather than cornflour. In either case, corn is a difficult to digest grain that is of limited value in dog food, and commonly associated with food allergies. Fermented rice may refer to brewers rice (which is a low quality rice byproduct), but as this claims to be a whole grain we assume this to be a decent quality grain. Rice and corn (maize) germ are grain fragments, but still containing decent nutrition. Topinambur is a root vegetable, more commonly known as jerusalem artichoke. This and turnip meal provide additional carbohydrates. The fat content of the food is a range of vegetable oils, not all of which are identified by source. The food also contains a range of fruits, and has added vitamins though these are not identified.

Overall, the product does not appear to have a high meat content, even if it may be higher than some others in this category, and the primary meat product is not identified by species. Remaining ingredients are of mixed quality. No information is given about preservatives, which may include chemicals such as Ethoxyquin, BHA or BHT all of which are allowed in dog food products but are banned or heavily regulated in human food production due to the belief that they are carcinogenic.