[ValueTracking] teach computeKnownBits that a fabs() clears sign bits

Description

[ValueTracking] teach computeKnownBits that a fabs() clears sign bits

This was requested in D13076: if we're going to canonicalize to fabs(), ValueTracking
should know that fabs() clears sign bits.

In this patch (as in D13076), we're not handling vectors yet even though computeKnownBits'
fabs() case itself should be vector-ready via the splat in this patch.
Fixing this will require follow-on patches to correct other logic that uses 'getScalarType'.