Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-0 represents one of the simplest possible types, that with two axles and four coupled wheels, all of which are driven. The wheels on the earliest four-coupled locomotives were connected by a single gear wheel, but from 1825 the wheels were connected with coupling rods to form a single driven set; the notation 0-4-0T indicates a tank locomotive of this wheel arrangement on which its water and fuel is carried on board the engine itself, rather than in an attached tender. In Britain, the Whyte notation of wheel arrangement was often used for the classification of electric and diesel-electric locomotives with side-rod-coupled driving wheels. Under the UIC classification used in Europe and, in more recent years, in simplified form in the United States, an 0-4-0 is classified as B if the axles are connected by side rods or gearing and 020, independent of axle motoring; the UIC's Bo classification for electric and diesel-electric locomotives indicates that the axles are independently motored, which would be 0-2-2-0 under the Whyte notation.

The term Four-coupled is used for 0-4-0 locomotives. Four-wheeled is sometimes used, but this term can encompass other wheel arrangements, for example Stephenson's Rocket, an 0-2-2 four-wheeled locomotive.0-4-0 locomotives were built as tank locomotives as well as tender locomotives. The former were more common in Europe and the latter in the United States, except in the tightest of situations such as that of a shop switcher, where overall length was a concern; the earliest 0-4-0 locomotives appeared as early as c. 1802. The 0-4-0 tank engines were introduced in the early 1850s; the type was found to be so useful in many locations that they continued to be built for more than a century and existed until the end of the steam era. Richard Trevithick's Coalbrookedale, Pen-y-Darren and Newcastle locomotives were of the 0-4-0 type, although in their cases the wheels were connected by a single gear wheel; the first 0-4-0 to use coupling rods was Locomotion No. 1, built by Robert Stephenson and Company for the Stockton and Darlington Railway in 1825.

Stephenson built the Lancashire Witch in 1828, Timothy Hackworth built Sans Pareil which ran at the Rainhill Trials in 1829. The latter two locomotives worked on the Bolton and Leigh Railway. A four-wheeled configuration, where all the wheels are driving wheels, uses all the locomotive's mass for traction but is inherently unstable at speed; the type was therefore used for switchers and shunters. Because of the lack of stability, tender engines of this type were only built for a few decades in the United Kingdom, they were built for a longer period in the United States. The possible tractive effort of an 0-4-0 within normal axle load limits was not enough to move large loads. By 1900, they had therefore been superseded for most purposes by locomotives with more complex wheel arrangements, they continued to be used in situations where tighter radius curves existed or the shorter length was an advantage. Thus, they were employed in dockyard work, industrial tramways, or as shop switchers; the wheel arrangement was used on specialised types such as fireless locomotives, crane tanks, tram engines and geared steam locomotives.

It was widely used on narrow gauge railways. In New South Wales, Dorrigo Steam Railway and Museum has preserved twelve 0-4-0 steam locomotives and eight 0-4-0 diesel locomotives, a total of twenty examples, all on the one site; the Catumbela Sugar Estate in Angola operated a narrow gauge line on the estate. One of their 0-4-0 locomotives, Rührthaler Maschinen-Fabrik 963 of 1929, was rebuilt with a diesel engine. Finland had the Vk4 classes with an 0-4-0 wheel arrangement; the E1 was a class of only two locomotives, numbered 76 and 77. The Vk4 was a class of only two locomotives, built by Borsig Lokomotiv Werke of Germany in 1910; the Vk4s were used at a fortress, were also used in dismantling the fortress, after which one locomotive went into industrial use and was scrapped in 1951. The other was sold to nicknamed Leena, it became No. 68 and is now the oldest working broad gauge locomotive in Finland, being preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum. The Semarang-Cheribon Stoomtram Maatschappij imported 27 standard gauge 0-4-0T locomotives of the B52 class between 1908 and 1911 to operate services from Kalibrodi-Semarang to Tanggung and Yogyakarta.

They were built by Sächsische Maschinenfabrik in Germany. They were a modern locomotive design for the time, equipped with a superheater; the largest allocation of B52 class locomotives was in Tegal, Central Java for services to Purwokerto. Some were converted to tram engines and worked in Tegal and Purwokerto. All 27 locomotives were in existence at the end of 1960. Two locomotives have been preserved, B5212 at the Taman Mini Indonesia Indah Museum of Transport and B5210 at the Ambarawa Railway Museum; the NZR A class of 1873 consisted of three engine types of similar specification but differing detail. They were British and New Zealand-built and several were preserved. In 1847, the government of the Cape Colony established harbour boards at its three major ports, Table Bay, Port Elizabeth and East London. While railway lines were laid at all these harbours, trains were for the most part hauled by oxen or mules; the first steam locomotives to see service at these harbours were 7 ft 1⁄4 in Brunel gauge engines which were placed in service on breakwater construction at Table Bay Harbour in 1862 and East London Harbour in 1874.

Camp Wawona consists of 30 acres of deeded land inside Yosemite National Park in the township of Wawona, California in the United States. The focus of Camp Wawona is summer camp for kids, conference convocations, church retreats, family reunions or a personal quiet getaway in nature; the camp offers an opportunity for outdoor learning. The land was first purchased by individuals who were members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church before Wawona was annexed by the National Park Service; the individuals gave the land to the Central California Conference of Seventh-day Adventists who turned it into a summer camp. Camp Wawona has been in business since 1929. Derek Wright Norma VillarrealA-Frame Cabins Covered Wagons Hotel-style Rooms Longhouse Wawona Lodge Yurts Cub Camp Junior Camp Tween Camp Teen Camp Family Camp The activities are divided into two "camps", Base and Summit. Family Camp is the only time. Base Camp activities take place on-site at Camp Wawona. Campers can expect to visit most of the following activities during the week.