Neisseria gonorrhea Neisseria meningitidis M. tuberculosis Clinical features: The onset is sudden with fever, swelling and redness over the joint and severe pain which limits movement of the affected joint. Laboratory diagnosis:

Specimen: Blood culture, joint aspirate Gram reaction, culture, biochemical tests and serology for microbe identification. Treatment: Antibiotic therapy based on “best-guess” basis, should be started as soon as diagnostic specimens have been taken.