Initially called vitamin B16, or in some sources B15, the product's preferred name is dimethylglycine or DMG. Strictly speaking it is not a vitamin, which is defined as being necessary to human body functions, and is more correctly classified as a dietary supplement. Chemically, it is a member of the group of amino acids that includes choline, betaine, sarcosine and glycine. DMG is particularly associated with supporting and boosting the human immune system. This is supported by clinical investigation. It is also used to increase metabolism, to improve physical stamina, detoxify the body and make energy production more efficient.

Metabolism

B16 or DMG is thought to enhance the performance of several metabolic body systems: the immune system, the cardiovascular system and the muscles. Its primary function in increasing metabolic rate is to "maximise the amount of energy produced for each molecule of oxygen consumed," according to AltHealth. As a result, it is believed by its advocates to improve physical stamina by increasing the efficiency of energy production. According to Dr. Roger Kendall, the author of "Building Wellness with DMG," it improves athletic performance, reduces blood pressure and may prevent the metastasis of cancer. However, he also points out that although DMG has impacts on a number of body systems, it should not be seen as a cure-all.

Immune System Disorders

In 1981, CD Graber published a paper in the Journal of Infectious Diseases that had an important influence on the use of DMG as a supplement in the treatment of HIV and AIDS. Graber discovered that DMG "enhances oxygen utilisation by tissue and complex free radicals." The study also revealed that using dimethylglycine produced a fourfold increase in the immune system response to antibodies. It is thought to benefit lupus sufferers. Combining B16 with B12 and folic acid is considered by some to enhance the beneficial effects of B16 by increasing the methylation process that is integral to fighting viruses and bacterial infections.

Other Benefits

B16 (DMG) is also thought to combat free radicals in the body and thus act as a detoxifying agent and antioxidant. Studies have also shown that it may improve the cognitive functions of children with autism, according to a study by Parris M. Kidd. In particular, the study showed an improvement in speech and eye contact and an increased attention span.

Based in London, Eleanor McKenzie has been writing lifestyle-related books and articles since 1998. Her articles have appeared in the "Palm Beach Times" and she is the author of numerous books published by Hamlyn U.K., including "Healing Reiki" and "Pilates System." She holds a Master of Arts in informational studies from London University.