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Image Types in the Toolbox

The Image Processing
Toolbox™ software defines four basic types of images, summarized in the following
table. These image types determine the way MATLAB® interprets array elements as pixel intensity values.

All images in Image Processing
Toolbox are assumed to have real, nonsparse, numeric or logical values unless
otherwise specified.

Image data are stored as an
m-by-n-by-3 numeric
array whose elements specify the intensity values of one of the
three color channels. For RGB images, the three channels represent
the red, green, and blue signals of the image.

For single or
double arrays, RGB values range
from [0, 1].

For uint8 arrays, RGB values range
from [0,255].

For uint16, RGB values range from
[0, 65535].

There are other models, called color spaces, that describe
colors using three color channels. For these color spaces, the range
of each data type may differ from the range allowed by images in the
RGB color space. For example, pixel values in the L*a*b* color space
of data type double can be negative or greater
than 1. For more information, see Understanding Color Spaces and Color Space Conversion.