A. This is a full-length (ninety minutes) cartoon, which is entertaining for both adults and children over six. The animation and colour are of very high quality and the story has lots of fun and excitement. The plot is quick moving and full of surprises. There’s romance, action, comedy, music and lots of fantastic songs and dances.

B. This is a full-blooded magnificently written portrait of history’s most fascinating woman. Readers will lose themselves for hours in this richly entertaining novel full of dramatic twists and turns. From the spectacular era that bears her name comes the spellbinding story of Elizabeth I – her tragic childhood, her confrontation with Mary, Queen of Scots and her brilliant reign.

C. The young woman is shown in a “shepherdess” hat and white dress, recalling a classical chiton. The background landscape, common in such paintings, seem to indicate the heroine’s closeness to nature, to the ordinary joys of life. The painter’s colour range – at times as translucent as porcelain, at others muted like mother -of- pearl – is based upon subtle plays of gray and green, light blue and pink.

D. In this picture one is struck by the artist's absolute mastery in portraying natural details, whether the dry, sandy soil of the forest, the clear stream of water in the foreground, the yellow bark and fluffy needles of the pines, or the sense of a bright, clear, calm summer day. The artist managed to create an image familiar to anyone who has seen a Russian forest.

E. Have a good time on the most lively and exciting island in the Caribbean. Relax under a palm tree on the white sandy beaches. Swim in the clear, blue sea. Listen to the bands playing Calypso music. Or get really adventurous and go scuba diving for sunken treasure on the sea bed. Join in the many cultural celebrations we offer, for example the sugar harvest festival.

F. This event is considered the greatest attraction for visitors to the Isle of Man. No definite date can be given, but it is normally held between 5th and 15th July. The Pageant begins at about 8 p.m. First we are given a glimpse of village life in Celtic times. Then suddenly Viking long ships appear and then there are scenes of war. Then Celts and Vikings unite, and the Manx nation is born. The actual Pageant is followed by a grand torchlight procession and firework display.

G. Do you like Latin American dancing? Do you want to dance like you see in the films and on the stage? Do you want to feel the rhythm of the music in your body and in your soul? Do you want to meet other people who have a love for the same music as you? If you have answered "Yes" to any of these questions, join our Latin dance classes on Thursday night between seven and ten. All are welcome.

3. and they have been able to put many of these discoveries to practical use.

4. that loud sound is of high intensity.

5. as they study mechanical forces.

6. as a painful sensation in the ear.

7. that the unaided human ear can detect.

1. The science of sound, or acoustics, as it is often called, has been made over radically within a comparatively short space of time. Not so long ago the lectures on sound in colleges and high schools dealt chiefly with the vibrations of such things as the air columns in organ pipes. Nowadays, however, thanks chiefly to a number of electronic instruments engineers can study sounds as effectively A ___ .

2. The result has been a new approach to research in sound. Scientists have been able to make far-reaching discoveries in many fields of acoustics В ___ .

3. Foremost among the instruments that have revolutionized the study of acoustics are electronic sound-level meters also known as sound meters and sound-intensity meters. These are effective devices that first convert sound waves into weak electric signals, then amplify the signals through electronic means С ___ .

4. The intensity of a sound is measured in units called decibels. "Zero" sound is the faintest sound D ___.

5. The decibel measures the ratio of the intensity of a given sound to the standard "zero" sound. The decibel scale ranges from 0 to 130. An intensity of 130 decibels is perceived not only as a sound, but also E ___ . The normal range of painlessly audible sounds for the average human ear is about 120 decibels. For forms of life other than ourselves, the range can be quite different.

6.The ordinary sound meter measures the intensity of a given sound, rather than its actual loudness. Under most conditions, however, it is a quite good indicator of loudness. Probably the loudest known noise ever heard by human ears was that of the explosive eruption in August, 1883, of the volcano of Krakatoa in the East Indies. No electronic sound meters, of course, were in existence then, but physicists estimate that the sound at its source must have had an intensity of 190 decibels, F ___ .

Alexander Pushkin was not only Russia's greatest poet, but he was also the great-grandson of an African slave. The slave, whose godfather was Peter the Great, claimed to have royal blood of his own. Certainly his Russian descendants believed that he was an African prince. His descendants have included members as well as close friends of the English royal family. So the legend goes on.

Pushkin told the story of his black ancestor in 'The Negro of Peter the Great', but this biography tells a different version. The main difference is .between fact and fiction. The Russian poet hoped to discover a biographical truth by sticking to the facts, only to discover that facts are slippery and not always true. His biography turned into a novel. Even then, it was left unfinished after six and a half chapters. The scrawled manuscript comes to an end with a line of dialogue — 'Sit down, you scoundrel, let's talk!' — and a line of dots. Pushkin could be speaking to himself. In any case, it's now time to stand up and carry on with the story. I have tried to join up the dots.

This is a book, then, about a missing link between the storyteller and his subject, an African prince; between the various branches of a family and its roots; between Pushkin and Africa; Africa and Europe; Europe and Russia; black and white. It is the story of a remarkable life and it poses the question: how is such a life to be explained?

My own explanation began in 2001, while I was living in Russia and working there as a journalist. The first draft was written during the war in Afghanistan, on the road to Kabul, but it describes my journey to the frontline of a different kind of war in Africa between the armies of Ethiopia and Eritrea. According to legend, Pushkin's ancestor was born there, on the northern bank of the River Mareb, where I was arrested for taking photographs and compass readings, on suspicion of being a spy. Understandably my captors didn't believe that I was only a journalist researching the life of Russia's greatest writer. At the military camp, where I was held for a number of hours, the commandant looked me up and down when I asked, in my best posh English accent, 'I say, my good man, can you tell me, basically, what is going on here?' 'Basically,' he replied, with distaste, 'you are in prison!' The incident taught me something. Journalists, like biographers, are meant to respect facts, and by retracing Gannibal's footsteps, I hoped to find a true story.

Some of those journeys lie behind the book, and are used whenever it is helpful to show that the past often retains, a physical presence for the biographer — in landscapes, buildings, portraits, and above all in the trace of handwriting on original letters or journals. But my own journeys are not the point of the book. It is Gannibal's story. I am only following him. Descriptions of Africa and the slave trade result from my journeys, but this is not a book about a 'stolen legacy', nor certainly about the intellectual wars that have been part of black history in recent years. Biographers, like novelists, should tell stories. I have tried to do this. I should, however, point out from the outset that Gannibal was not the only black face to be seen in the centre of fashionable St Petersburg at that time. Negro slaves were a common sight in the grand salons of Millionaires' Street and they appeared in a variety of roles, such as pets, pages, footmen, mascots, mistresses, favourites and adopted children. At the Winter Palace, so-called court Arabs, usually Ethiopians dressed in turbans and baggy trousers stood guard like stage extras in the marble wings.

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The slave's Russian descendants believe that the slave

1. had Russian royal blood in him.

2. was Peter the Great's godfather.

3. belonged to the royal family in his native land.

4. was a close friend of the English royal family.

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According to the narrator, the biography of Pushkin's ancestor turned into a novel because Pushkin

WeOn January 1, many Americans watch the Tournament of Roses parade and then a football game in Pasadena California over TV. It may be difficult for ___ to believe it, but January in California is a warm sunny month with a lot of flowers.

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MakeThe queen of the parade rides on a special float which ___ from over 250,000 flowers. The first Tournament of Roses took place in 1890.

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Bloom"In New York, people are buried in snow," said Professor Charles F. Holder. "Here our flowers ___ now. Let's hold a festival to tell the world about our paradise".

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GiveAlbert's interest in science began when he was five years old. His father ___ him a magnetic compass and the boy wanted to know why the needle was moving.

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LateIn 1909 Einstein began his academic career. 12 years ___ he got the Nobel Prize in physics.

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WarnShortly before his death he wrote the manifesto ___ the people of the world about the danger of nuclear catastrophe.

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ChangeAlbert Einstein is remembered as the greatest theoretical physicist in the world. His ideas ___ science forever.

In ancient times people lived on whatever food they could find. As the early people 32 ___ in numbers, they had to wander and search for wild fruits and seeds of wild plants or hunt for small animals.

Then one of these early people 33 ___ a great discovery. A great genius discovered the meaning of seeds. He may have noticed that where some seeds had fallen on the ground, new plants grew. Perhaps he was 34 ___ enough to put some seeds in the ground to see what would happen that if he put. No one knows how it happened, but man 35 ___ that if he put a seed into the soil it could grow into a plant which might yield hundreds or even thousands of seeds!

He was free of the need to be in a constant search of his food! Early man could now 36 ___ seeds in the spring and wait for them to grow. In the fall he could gather a harvest of seeds. There would be enough to 37 ___ himself and his family all through the winter, with some left over for planting when spring came. This discovery was the beginning of 38 ___ change that ever happened to people on earth.

You have received a letter from your English pen friend Jane who writes:... So you see that I enjoy films based on true historic facts. What kinds of films do you like watching? Do you prefer watching films in the cinema or at home? Why? Do you agree that it is better to read a book before watching the film based on it? Why or why not? I\'ve just come back from a trip to Wales...

Write a letter to JaneIn your letter:— answer his questions;— ask 3 questions about her trip to Wales.

Слов: 0 Минимум: 100

Ответ

40

40.1. One should read about sites before sightseeing40.2. An early choice of a career path is a key to success

Раздел 5. Говорение

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

41

The word 'money' is believed to originate from a temple located on Capitoline, one of Rome's seven hills. On one of the Capitoline's peaks, the temple of Juno Moneta stood where the mint of Ancient Rome was located.

Modern money consists mainly of paper bills, coins and cheques. But before coins and banknotes were introduced, other things such as precious metals, gold, beads, beans, rice, metal disks or shells served as money. In the fourth millennium BC the Egyptians used gold bars of a set weight as a medium of exchange. According to Herodotus, the Lydians were the first people to introduce the use of gold and silver coins. Modern scholars think that these first stamped coins were minted around 650-600 BC. The first banknotes appeared in China in the 7th century.

In the past people also used a barter system (a system of exchanging goods and services directly for other goods and services rather than using money). The process was extremely difficult and time-consuming. That is why it was decided to invent a unit of account to specify price.

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42

Study the advertisement.

You are considering visiting the new cafe and now you are calling to find out more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:

date of opening

location

opening hours

menu

table reservation

You have 20 seconds to ask each questions.

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43

Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend.

You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. In your talk remember to speak about:

where and when the photo was taken

what/who is in the photo

what is happening

why you keep the photo in your album

why you decided to show the picture to your friend

You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...” .

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44

Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:

give a brief description of the photos (action, location)

say what the pictures have in common

say in what way the pictures are different

say which of the locations presented in the pictures you’d prefer

explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously.