OCR Text

Winona Republican-Herald, The (Newspaper) - December 22, 1948, Winona, Minnesota
VOLUME 48, NO. 261 WINONA, MINNESOTA, WEDNESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 22, 1948 FIVE CENTS PER COPY SIXTEEN PAGES Tojo, Six Jap War Lords Hanged The Alsops President Right on War Scare By Joseph and Stewart Alsop few sentences In the Hoover commission subcommit- tee's report on the reorganization of the Defense de- partment have al- ready given some hint of what lay behind the sense of deep crisis which hung over Washington last spring. More facts have since become available. The episode lies In the past. But it is worth describing In some detail, for It contains les- sons for the present and the fu- ture. In the first two weeks of March last spring, It was obvious that something of the utmost gravity j was afoot. It was known that Presl-1 dent Truman was to speak to Con-j gresa on March 17. There werej reports that Truman would call for some decisive and sensational ac- tion, in response not only to the Soviet coup in Czechoslovakia but! to some Soviet act even more threat- ening, of which the country had not yet learned. The air was heavy with tension. Jack Riddle, 107-year-old ex-slave and his wife, Josey, 86, receive a radio as an unexpected Christmas present from the Ku Klux Klan. On his birthday recently, the aged Negro said all he lacked was a radio so he could hear the preachers. CAP. Wirephoto to The Republican-Herald.) THE SENSE OF crisis sprung, as the subcommittee's report hints, in large part from an assessment by U. 5. Policy On Indonesia Crisis Fixed By John M, Hightower Washington American ac- the Air Force intelligence. This tion in the Indonesian crisis re- Air Force report predicted the like-! Presents a calculated risk in the lihood of an immediate armed at-jcold war against communism, tack by the red army on Scandi- K is a bid to rally antired forces navla. It went further. It sug- gested that the Soviet rulers might well have decided on war, and it discussed the possibility of a Soviet attack on the United States, over the "great circle route" from the throughout the vast colonial regions of southeast Asia even though tough new problems may arise in western Europe. For the same Netherlands gov- ernment which the United States North. Clearly implied was the need consider some preventive action by condemns in the United Nations for Soldier Shoots Off Finger Snake Bit Hattiesbnrg, 17- year-old soldier-shot off a finger yesterday after being bitten on it by a rattlesnake. The soldier, Paul Douglas Carter, said he stepped on the snake while banting near his home. Carter Is on leave from Brookley Air Force base at Mo- bile, Ala. He said the rattler struck him on the right index finger. He said he then Inserted his finger in the barrel of his shotgun and fired left-handed. Amputation of the finger was 'completed at a clinic. A physician said no symptoms of snake bite were apparent after the amputation. the United States. As a result cer- tain of Truman's advisers favored his asking the Congress for au- thority to place the country' on a footing, both to prepare the country and to warn the Soviet rulers of the real seriousness of the situation. Truman did not make up his mind at once. Instead, he called In Ad- miral Roscoe Hlllenkoeter, chief of the central Intelligence agency, and ordered him to make an independent assessment of the situation. Shortly before the President was scheduled to make his speech to Congress, the C.I.A. had Its assessment ready. It took sharp Issue with the Air Forces. There were no signs, the C.I.A. asserted, that the red army was being readied for Immediate Moreover, it flatly predicted (something Intelligence agencies are .usually reluctant to do) that the red army could not and -would not move for at least three months. TRUMAN HAD TO make the vital choice between the two assessments. He chose to believe the CJ.A. Be- cause of the atmosphere of tension had preceded it, the speech seemed anticlimactic, although Tru- man asked for the draft and uni- versal military training. The speech was moderate in tone, and at no point suggested an immediate danger of war. The story does not end there. The State department's top Rus- U.S. Staff In Germany Will Be Cut By Daniel De Lnce Berlin A drastic slash in American military government oper- western aided by American ations in Germany Is planned for dollars and protected by American i 1949 to cut payrolls by 60 per cent. ber of the European recovery pro-; gram and one of European governments with which a military alliance is being negoti- ated here. (At The Hague, Netherlands, an_ authoritative source said today the] Economic Cooperation administra- tion (ECA) had suspended Its al- lotments for Dutch Indonesia under the Marshall plan.) American policy makers had to consider this question: How enthusiastically will the Dutch cooperate in plan to unify fumes. Fighting for her life in the hos- pital is the victim's younger sister, Judith, IS month's old. She also escaped direct flames but intense heat from the second-floor fire blistered her skin. She is suffering from smoke Inhalation. The children were carried from when, in the Dutch view. cutback has been drafted in American influence Is used as aiWashingt0n by the Army depart- force for breaking down the Dutch and Coionei j. T. Duke, rep- Three-Point Labor Bill O.K, Slated McGrath Predicts Prompt Action By New Congress By Marvin L. Arrowsmith Washington Democratic Chairman J. Howard McGrath pre- dicted today the new Congress will pass a "single package" labor bill. He said It will provide for: 1. Outright repeal of the Taft- Hartley law. 2. Reinstatement of the Wagner act. 3. Revision of the Wagner meas- ure, mainly along the lines Presi- dent Truman outlined In his 1947 state of the union message. McGrath told a reporter that while he has not discussed the mat- ter with Mr. Truman, there Is no basis for reports that the adminis- tration may decide against asking complete elimination of the Taft- Hurtley law. "Of course we are going to press for outright said the Rhode Island senator. "How can there be any doubt about that? The party platform calls for repeal and the President campaigned for it." McGrath said he looks for repeal, restoration of the Wagner act and revision of the latter measure to be handled simultaneously. The senator added that he Is not ruling out Wagner act changes in addition to those Mr. Truman urged two years ago. The Wagner act was the basic _, _.. labor law prior to enactment of the Richard Berthlaume. He was not; xaft-Hartley act. The latter law burned but died of smoke factually is a wagner act revision Boy Injured In Fire Dies At Cloquet Cloquet A four-year-old boy died in Baiter hospital here yesterday as a result of a fire which several hours earlier destroyed a farm home in Saginaw, 13 miles northwest of Cloquet, Victim of the blaze was Robert Berthlaume, son of Mr. and Mrs. Disabled Navy Plane Makes Safe Landing San Francisco With Its fuel almost exhausted, on a flight from Hawaii, a Navy four-engine plane landed safely today at Moffett field. The B-17 flew Into the Navy base at p. m. (C.S.T.) under escort of military planes and sea-air rescue units. Moffett field Is a big Navy Installation between San Fran- cisco and San Jose. The Navy said at 11 a, m. (C.S.T.) that the pilot of the B-17 reported he had only 325 gallons of gasoline, that he was burning 200 gallons an hour, and was three and one-half hours out of San Francisco. The Navy had reported earlier that the pilot actually had set his plane down at sea. This was attributed to a garbled message. Subsequently It said the B-17 was known to be still In the air, but for how long was problem- atical. A Navy spokesman explained that it was standard ditching procedure not to expend all fuel but to hit the water at full power and allow the plane to settle, Instead of dropping like a rock. Sources here had no informa- tion as to how many or who were aboard. The Coast Guard radioed that its planes had rendezvoused with the distressed plane at a. m. (C.S.T.) and were escorting the B-17 at feet. The bomber was losing altitude, however. Chiang Ready to O. K. New 'Peace Cabinet' By Tom Lambert Kai-shek gave the go ahead today to a' new cabinet committed to an "honorable peace." But prospects for designed, according to its backers, to put labor and management on an equal basis. In his 1947 message to the Re- publican-controlled 80th Congress, Mr. Truman said: "We should enact legislation to correct certain abuses and to pro- vide additional governmental as- empire? With European Interests solely! in mind, Washington might have! decided to back the Dutch Indo-j nesian policy. American approval might have been given to the "po- lice action" by which the Dutch captured the leaders of the Indo- nesian republic and began to con- quer republican territory. There now appear to be two chief reasons why this coui followed by the United the fire and had run to the bam to get the father. The Berthiaumes, former Cloquet residents, moved to the 150-acre farm last June. A defective chimney was con- sidered a possible cause of the fire. Magnet Fails To Discover McLoone Gun La Crosse, WIs. Another 'course who is expected to return to Berlin j attempt to find a tangible clue in ited by Plane Iate today, is bringing with (the slaying of a prominent physi- "Covered concern in bargaining. But we jative research committee. resenting General Lucius D. Clay, I J. S. military governor in Ger- (This does not mean troops on occupation duty are being reduced. The A.M.G. staff handles govern- mental administrative affairs gradu- ally being turned back to ths Ger- mans.) A responsible source said Duke, the basic causes of labor-manage-j said Minnesota will need many mil- lions of dollars more during the peace in China are dim. Communist armies to the north rambled toward the Yangtze. Chiang's troops were in southward retreat. All of and the area of east central China north of the Yangtze doomed. Jumpy Nanking residents fretted. In this dark picture, Chiang approved a cabinet selected by Pre- mier Sun Fo. The fact the cabinet was approved by Chiang was signi- ficant. Observers felt Chiang show- ed by this act that he waa still boss of the nationalist government and was not about to quit. Sun announces nationalist China would fight on until It could secure an. honorable peace. Then ha there would be no surrender to the communists. Observers felt some sort of a deal might be offered the reds. Others felt the communists would not want to make peace with a government headed by Chiang. With the situation to the north crumbling fast, there was a possl- Execution Surrounded By Secrecy Seven Condemned By International Military Tribunal By Frank L, White Tokyo, Thursday Former Premier Hldekl Tojo and six other Japanese warlords were hanged to- day for Japan's crimes against hu- manity. Tojo was the last to die of the three Axis dictators who plunged the world into the most bloody war In history. The Army announced seven to their deaths on the gallows In Sugamo prison, where they had been held lor more than two and a half during and after their long trial. Only Monday the U. 8. Supreme court closed the last possible door of escape. It found It was without authority to act on the appeals of two of them, General Kenji Dolhara and former Premier Kokl Hlrota. The seven were condemned by International tribunal which hand- ed out prison terms to 18 of their co-defendants. The Army no details State Report May Be Guide To New Taxes St. A report that will serve as a guide for the 1949 legis- lature in its hunt for new tax reve- nues was published today by the taxation subcommittee of the legis- Governor Luther Youngdahl has ment difficulties." The President urged: Outlawing of certain kinds of jurisdictional strikes and secondary boycotts. Extension of labor department facilities to help collective bargain- ing. Broadening of the social security program, better housing, a compre- hensive national health program and a "fair" minimum wage to re- place the present 40-cent-an-hour standard. Creation of a commission to study the whole field of labor-manage- ment relations. Some of those things Mr. Tra- next two years just to continue present services. "We are scraping the bottom of the he said recently at a conference in his office. At the same time he said he had asked the state tax department to make a complete survey of all tax sources. The legislative research report compares Minnesota taxes with those of six neighboring states Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Nebraska and Wisconsin. The re-j port makes no recommendations. The report shows that real and personal property tax systems are comparable In the seven states stu- jmore Information later to newsmen, who were not permitted to attend. The first of the condemned men dropped to his death at one minute past midnight today ft. m. Who was the first to die and the order in which they went were not Indicated. It also was possible sev- eral were hanged at once because the executions went off fast. Over in 35 Minutes The hangings were finished by 15 minutes after midnight. A Buddhist priest and two T7. 8. chaplains were reportedly in prison for the executions since early Wednesday. Tojo survived his fellow Adolf Hitler of Germany and BenltO Mussolini of Italy, because of Am- erican medical, skill. In September of 1945, as Ameri- can troops came to arrest him, Tojo shot himself with a revolver. Quick to take to its heels soon. Plan Stand on Yanrtio The next major nationalist stand tj expected to be at the Yangtze. Just what Chiang can throw at the communists here in the way of military strength has not been shown. The vast area north of the Yang- tze was being- written off by some sources. Pelplng and Tientsin held against attacking armies but bility that the new cabinet may have medical attention and a transfusion of American whole blood saved him ror the gallows. Tojo was thfl only one of the three to stand trial. Hitler sup- posedly died In the ruins of Berlin as the Russians closed in. Musso- lini was killed by Italian partisans. Colonel Marion P. Echols, Mac- Arthur's public information officer, apparently was at Sugamo prison when the hangings took place. Captain H. H. Hawkins, duty of- why, as some officials suggested'him final details of the 1949 Dr. James McLoone, over a yesterday, this country might even It is known to call for a 30 per decide to withhold Marshall reduction of AJV1G. personnel sian experts, Counsellor Charles E. Bohlen and Planner George Ken- nan, had become deeply disturbed. They feared that the back-wash of the Washington crisis had reached (Continued on Page 3, Column 8.) ALSOPS Be a Good Fellow The following Is a list of contribu- tions to the Good Fellows fund to date: Previously listed A friend............... 2.00 Mr. and Mrs. William I funds from the Dutch unless they revamp their Indonesian policy. The first of these reasons Is the argument that In resuming the Indonesian civil war the Dutch violated U. N. restrictions against military action. And as a member, the United States has to support U. N. decrees. The second and perhaps more Alleman, clothing and 1.00 David and Peter....... 2.00 Two friends 10.00 Myers Auto Top and Trim 5.00 A friend from Weaver, clothing and 1.00 J. O. M............... 2.00 Scifert-Baldwin Motor Company 15.00 From a friend......... 5.00 Kusty and Linda 10.00 Mr. and Mrs. Harold F. Ljmjfe Church of the Brethren. Youth Fellowship of Lewiston, toys, cloth- ing and 1.00 H. Choate Company employes............ 17.00 Bailey Bailey........ 50.00 Winona National and Savinss Bank omcers and employes 40.00 J2.077.59 A H. Choate ing. L. S. From Winona County Kural 1'onth A friend, Spring boxes. in the spring and another 30 per cent later in the year. All military government organizations supplied from funds obtained by the Army department by appropriation may be affected. Trimming of the military govern- ment to top supervisors is a poli- cy dependent to some extent, how- ever, on the progress western Ger- year ago has failed. Police used an electro-magnet to) search for the murder weapon at two points In the La Crosse river and an adjoining marsh. They did not find a gun. Captain William Boma said that no new development prompted the search at this time. He said it had been contemplated as a routine part of the continuing Investigation but that the equipment did not become man got, in one form or another, j (jied, except for some variations in In the Taft-Hartley law. But hejthe method of assessment and that also got a lot more he did not want, j an, have liquor, motor fuel, motor So he vetoed the bill, which Congress vehicle and tobacco taxes. Three of the states Illinois, Iowa and Michigan have sales_or use taxes or dlana, has a important reason lies to the political man'y makes toward becoming a available until this week, upheavals that came with the state. and afterward in many areas sald ]ast weekend he hopes) __ intensified struggle federal state toe established r AnUirfafl staff esti. fl tonviciea ed peaceful negotiations The present AJM.U. stan is esti the Dutch and the Indonesians to settle their differences. But In the American view the Dutch action of last weekend black- ed out this prospect. The United States thus was faced with this choice: To Incur the wrath of the Dutch by opposing them, or to con- firm communist appeals throughout the whole region by opposing the! Indonesians. Information reaching the State department was that the Indonesi- ans had taken no action so provoca- tive as to justify the resumption of Dutch military action. With all these factors in Including the risk of difficulties in dealing with the Dutch In the support for Indonesia was de- cided upon as the only course which might yet bring a peaceful solution of that dispute and give a new sense of confidence to all the noncom- munlst leaders of southeast Asia. Marguerite Chapman, Bentley Ryan to Wed Marguer- ite Chapman and Bentley Ryan, Los Angeles attorney, announced that i they will be married next Wednes- day at the mission in Santa Bar- bara, Calif. Their honeymoon will be in Mexico City. Miss Chapman is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Frederick Chapman, White Plains, N. Y., and Ryan, the son of Mrs. S. F. Ryan, Beverly Hills, Calif. French governmental organizations. The British have nearly three times as many officials in their zone. St. Paul Man Killed by Auto St. Pamess, 65, of St. Paul, was killed last night he was struck by an auto police said was driven by Harvey Kedesky, who was not held. In Chile Revolt Santiago, Chile A Chilean military court yesterday convicted 20 men of conspiring to overthrow the government last month. Former President Carlos Ibanez and three other men were acquitted. The 20 convicted Included four armed service officers, 15 noncom- missioned officers and one civilian. They received sentences ranging from 514 days in exile in Chile to1 promptly passed over his dissent. 7-Nafion Board To Supervise Ruhr Industries Battles raged outside both cities and the sound of gunfire could be heard within their limits. Central news said nationalist troops were firmly entrenched southwest of Suchow. Other sources said thousands of government troops on the western flank of Pengpu joined a. nationalist retreat from line. Pengpu is 108 appeared'ncer, said he received his Informa- tion directly from JEchols, who may furnish the additional details. An announcement from the Army regarded as a sales icgniucu said there was no fighting north H eenerailv reKaraea as oa-ica Michigan raises 5.9 per cent of its of the Hwai in east central China, revenue through sales taxes. Some legislative leaders have ad' vocated a sales tax for Minnesota to pay a soldiers' bonus. Governor Youngdahl is on record as opposed to such a tax, however. Most of the states in the seven- state group tax public utilities on a property basis. Minnesota taxes j their gross earnings. London A seven-nationi Minnesota is one of three states International control board with In the group which have both in- Gennany as one of the will be set up soon to boss Ruhr industries, diplomatic sources said today. The plan has been developed dur- ing a conference of six western powers, the United States, Britain, France, the Netherlands, Belgium will complete Its work this week. A lormal communique may be delayed until after Christmas. Details of the control board's functions were not disclosed, but officials who attended conference sessions said they represented ma- jor concessions to French demands for close supervision over produc- tion of the Ruhr, -which yielded dividual and corporation Income taxes. The others are Iowa and Wisconsin. Members of th; committee which prepared the report are Represent- ative Joseph J. Daun, St. Peter, chairman; Senator Thomas P. Welch, Buffalo; Senator Frank E. f ieniuc, LUC ii coiici icu-n-iij, 4. w i and Luxembourg, which probably Dougherty, Fairmont; Karl G. Neumeier, Stillwater, and Rep- four years exile abroad. All the coal and steel for two deprived of political rights for wars. _ _________ U. S. Halts Marshall Plan Aid To Netherlands East Indies United States today halted all Marshall plan aid to the Netherlands East Indies pending settlement of hostilities between the Dutch and the republic of Indonesia. The action was disclosed in a cable sent by Paul G. Hoff- man, economic cooperation ad- ministrator, to the chief of the ECA mission in the Nether- lands. A top ECA official said the move came after "full tlon" with the State depart- ment. Dr. D. Soemltro, Indonesian envoy had asked Under Secre- tary of State Lovett to shut off Marshall plan aid to the Dutch, charging the assistance was be- ing used to crush the Indonesian republic. The Dutch ambassador, Eelco Van Kleffens, denied any re- covery funds have been used to arm Dutch troops. Apparently the suspension of recovery grants to the Nether- lands far eastern territories does not affect ECA allocations to the Dutch homeland. How- ever, there was no Immediate clarification on this score. So far, ECA has approved Marshall plan grants to the Netherlands totaling 675 and to the East Indies. The action suspending aid to Indonesia was the second such move In as many days. ECA Chief Paul G: Hoffman yester- day announced the dropping, for the time being, of In reconstruction aid for China. resentative Fred W. Schwanke, Deerwood, Youngdahl Gets 40-Pound Turkey St. Paul The Minnesota Turkey Growers association today gave Governor Youngdahl 40 pound live turkey. The turkey was described as the brother of one recently given to President Truman. Governor Plans Inaugural Jan. 6 St. Paul Governor Young- dahl will be inaugurated for his second term at noon Thursday, January 6. Youngdahl will appear before a joint session of the senate and house in the house chamber in the capital to deliver his inaugural message. The event had been planned tentatively for one day earlier but was changed to avoid a conflict with President Truman's appear- ance before Congress in Washing- ton. The governor will be sworn in by Chief Justice Charles Loring. A formal invitation to attend the Inaugural of President Truman onj January 20 reached the governor's office today, but Youngdahl said he has not decided whether he be able to attend. BUY CHRIJTMAJ ffALJ Four Shot in Mississippi Lneedale, MIw. A mother, her daughter and her granddaugh- ter were shot to death last night, and the sheriff who went to in- vestigate was killed ES he stepped from his car. The slayer fled In the officer's automobile, and Justice of the Peace J. W. Havard said a. posse Irom two states hunting the old- er woman's husband for question- Ing. Victims of the quadruple slaying were Sheriff J. E. Nelson; Mrs. Murdock Hinton, 45; her daughter, Gloria, 18, and Gloria's two-month- old child, Judy. Gloria was not married, Havard said. Referring to the domestic trouble at the Hinton home, Havard said: "There has been continuous trouble out there, and we've had to go out there several times in, the past." public Information office said: "Between 0001 and 0035 Decem- ber 23, all seven war criminals that were condemned by the interna- tional military tribunal for the Far East were hanged." Utmost secrecy surrounded the execution at the prison on strict orders from General MacArthur. In addition to Wartime Premier Tojo, the other six hanged were: General Kenjl Doihara, the Manchurian plotter. Kokl Hirota, former premier. General Seishlro Itagald, former wir minister. General He! tar o Kumura, chief of the Japanese arznlei in Manchuria. General Iwane MaUnl, who commanded at the rape of Nan- Lieutenant General Aklra Mnto, chief of staff In the The brief announcement gave no other details. The Army promised, however, that details of the last minutes of the seven warlords would be made public as soon as witnesses could be Interviewed at the prison. Newspapermen were not allowed to attend. The seven were convicted of plot- (Continued on Page 10, Column 5.) TOJO WEATHER FEDERAL FORECASTS Winona and vicinity: Fair tonight and Thursday; continued rather cold. Low tonight in the city eight, near zero In rural areas. High Thursday 29. LOCAL WEATHEB Official observations for the 24 hours ending at 12 m. today: Maximum, 38; minimum, 6; noon, 14; precipitation, none; sun sets to- night at sun rises tomorrow at TEMPERATURES Chicago Denver 35 Des Motoes 39 Duluth 25 International Falls. 23 Kansas City Los Angeles .......58 Miami 83 MInneapolis-St. Paul 38 New York ........34 Seattle ...........42 Phoenix 61 Washington .......S2 ELSEWHERE Max. Mln.Pcp. 39 19 21 24 3 0 29 47 70 2 34 33 47 34 T. .02 .01
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