interactions between genetic and environmental factors determine direction of population lateralization

Abstract

direction of the embyro's head rotation is determined by asymmetrical expression of several genes (such as shh, nodal,
lefty, and fgf8) in hensen's node. this genetically determined head-turning bias provides a base for light-aligned population lateralization in chicks, in which the direction of the lateralization is determined by genetic factors and the degree of the lateralization is determined by environmental factors.