Utility functions

1. ⇒ جدع

جَدَعَ الأَنْفَ, (Ṣ,* Mṣb, Ḳ,*) aor. ـَ{يَجْدَعُ}, (Mṣb,) inf. n. جَدْعٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,)He cut off the nose; and in like manner, the ear; and the hand, or arm; and the lip; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) and a similar part: (TA:) andأَجْدَعْتُ↓ أَنْفَهُ signifies the same as جَدَعْتُ[I cut off his nose]: or جَدْعٌ signifies [absolutely] the cutting off; or cutting so as to separate.(TA.) In the following saying of a poet, the verb is used metaphorically,

* وَأَصْبَحَ الدَّهْرُ ذُو العِرْنِينِ قَدْ جُدِعَا *

[lit. And nosed fortune became mutilated in the nose; meaning, † became marred]. (TA.) And in the following phrase, occurring in a verse, كَأَنَّ ٱللّٰهَ يَجْدَعُ أَنْفَهُ وَعَيْنَيْهِ, the poet means, [As though God cut off his nose]and put out his eyes:see a similar saying in art. قلد, voce تَقَلَّدَ. (TA.)

Root: جدع - Entry: 1.―Signification: A2

جَدَعَهُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,)He mutilated him, or maimed him, by cutting off his nose, or his ear, or his hand or arm, or his lip,(Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) or the like;(TA;) as alsoجدّعهُ↓(Ṣ, TA.)[Hence the phrase,]جَدْعًا↓ لَهُ(Ṣ, Ḳ)[(May God decree) to him mutilation, or maining, by the cutting off of his nose, or the like; or cause it to befall him: or] meaning أَلْزَمَهُ ٱللّٰهُ الجَدْعَ[† may God make injury, or diminution of what is good, to cleave to him]: (Ḳ:) said in imprecating a curse upon a man: similar to عَقْرًا لَهُ, q. v.: the first word being governed in the accus. case by a verb understood. (TA.) One says also, اِجْدَعْهُمْ بِالأَمْرِ حَتَّى يَذِلُّوا, a phrase mentioned by IAạr, but not explained by him; thought by ISd to mean, ‡ Act thou, in commanding, as though thou mutilatedst them by cutting off their noses[until they become submissive]. (TA.) In the phrase صَوْتُ الحِمَارِ اليُجَدَّعُ↓[The voice of the ass that has his ear, or ears, cut off, (see مُجَدَّعٌ, below,)], occurring in a verse of Dhu-l-Khirak Et-Tuhawee, (Ṣ,) accord. to J, but not found by Ṣgh in the verses of that poet, and said to be in the Book [of Sb], though IB denies this, asserting it to be in the Nawádir of AZ, (TA,) Akh says, the poet means الَّذِى يُجَدَّعُ, like as you say, هُوَٱلْيَضْرِبُكَ, meaning الَّذِى يَضْرِبُكَ: Aboo-Bekr Ibn-es-Sarráj says, the poet, requiring refa for the rhyme, has changed the noun into a verb; and this is one of the worst of poetic licences. (Ṣ.)

Root: جدع - Entry: 1.―Signification: A3

[Hence,]السَّنَةُ تَجْدَعُ النَّبَاتَ ‡ [The year of drought cuts off, or destroys, the herbage]: (A, TA:) and تَجْدَعُ بِالمَالِdestroys the camels or the like.(Ṣ, O, Ḳ.) Andجَدَّعَ↓ القَحْطُ النَبَّاتِ ‡ The drought prevented the growth, or increase, of the herbage.(Ḳ, TA.)

جَدِعَ, aor. ـَ{يَجْدَعُ}, (Mṣb,) inf. n. جَدَعٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,)He(a man)was, or became, mutilated, or maimed, by the cutting off of his nose, or his ear,(Ṣ,* Mṣb, Ḳ,*) or his hand or arm, or his lip,(Ṣ, Ḳ,) or the like:(TA:) or, accord. to some, you do not say جَدِعَ, but جُدِعَ: (TA:) and جَدِعَتِ الشَّاةُThe sheep, or goat, was, or became, mutilated by having its ears entirely cut off.(Mṣb.)

Root: جدع - Entry: 1.―Signification: B2

[Hence,] also, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. as above, (Ḳ,) and so the inf. n., (Ṣ,)[as though meaning † He was, or became, injured;] ‡ he(a child)had bad food:(Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) and he(a young weaned camel)had bad food: or was ridden while[too]young, and in consequence became weak.(TA.)

3. ⇒ جادع

جادع, inf. n. مُجَادَعَةٌ(Ṣ, Ḳ) and جِدَاعٌ(Ḳ,) ‡ He reviled, being reviled by another,(Ḳ,* TA,)sayingجَدْعًا لَكَ; as though each of them cut off the nose of the other:(TA:) and, (Ḳ,) or accord. to some, (TA,) ‡ he contended in an altercation; as alsoتجادع↓; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;)[but the latter is said of a number of persons, &c.] You say,تَرَكْتُ البِلَادَ تَجَادَعُ↓ أَفَاعِيهَا, (Th, Ṣ,) andتَجَدَّعُ↓ also, (Th,) ‡ I left the countries with their vipers eating one another;(Th, Ṣ;) not meaning eating in reality, but rending in pieces, or mangling, one another:(Th:) andعَامٌ تَجَدَّعُ↓ أَفَاعِيهَا, andتَجَادَعُ↓, ‡ A year in which the vipers eat one another, by reason of its severity. (Th.)

جَدِعٌ

جَدِعٌ ‡ A child having bad food; or fed on bad food:(Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) pronounced by El-Mufaddal with ذ; but Aṣ repudiated to him this pronunciation; (Ṣ, TA:) and his objection was confirmed by a young man of the Benoo-Asad called in as an umpire. (TA.)

جَدَعَةٌ

جَدَعَةٌWhat remains, of the nose, ear, hand or arm, or lip, after the cutting off[of the rest]: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) the place of the cutting off thereof; like عَرَجَةٌ from الأَعْرَجُ, and قَطَعَةٌ from الأَقْطَعُ. (TA.)

جَدَاعِ

جَدَاعِ(Ṣ, A, Ḳ, &c.) and جَدَاعٌ(Ḳ, TA) ‡ A year of drought; because it cuts off, or destroys, (تَجْدَعُ,) the herbage, and abases men: (A, TA:)or a severe, or calamitous, year, that destroys the camels or the like;(Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) or that destroys everything; as though it cut off its nose or the like.(L.)

جُدَاعٌ

جُدَاعٌ ‡ Withered herbage: (Ṣ:) or herbage that is unwholesome to the feeder upon it:(Ḳ:) or tall, unwholesome, and withered.(TA.)

Root: جدع - Entry: جُدَاعٌ―Signification: A2

And hence, الجُدَاعُ signifies ‡ Death:(Ḳ, TA:) written by some الجَدَاعُ↓. (TA.)

أَجْدَعُ

أَجْدَعُMutilated, or maimed, by having his nose cut off, or his ear,(Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) or his hand or arm, or his lip,(Ṣ, Ḳ,) or the like:(TA:) fem. جَدْعَآءُ: (Ṣ, Mṣb:) and the latter, applied to a she-camel, having the sixth part of her ear, or the fourth part of it, or more than that, to the half, cut off; and to a she-goat, having a third part, or more, of her ear cut off; or, accord. to IAmb, any ewe or she-goat having the ear lopped;(TA;) or a ewe or she-goat having her ear entirely cut off:(Mgh, Mṣb:) andمُجَدَّعٌ↓ an ass having the ear cut off,(Ṣ,) or having the ears cut off.(Ḳ.) It is said in a prov., أَنْفُكَ مِنْكَ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَجْدَعَ[Thy nose is a part of thee though it be cut off]: applied with reference to him whose good and evil attaches to thee though he be not firmly connected with thee by relationship. (TA.)