Commentary and analysis to persuade people to become socialist and to act for themselves, organizing democratically and without leaders, to bring about a world of common ownership and free access. We are solely concerned with building a movement of socialists for socialism. We are not reformists with a programme of policies to patch up capitalism.

Monday, November 18, 2013

Africa: Can Corporations Influence Climate Talks?

At the recent 19th United Nations Conference on
Climate Change in Warsaw, negotiators from the Global South welcome a
focus on financing adaptation - but reject a new emphasis on a role for
the private sector.
Climate negotiations have now dragged on for almost 20 years. Talk of
"fair, ambitious and binding" agreements to reduce the emissions of
greenhouse gases that cause global warming appears to be fading, to be
replaced by proposals to turn to the private sector for loans and
investment to support adaptation to climate change at what has been
dubbed the "Corporate COP (Conference of Parties)".

Tosi Mpamu-Mpamu, a negotiator for the Democratic Republic of Congo
and a former chair of the African Group of negotiators, sees an alarming
change emerging in the approach to funding the response to climate
change. At the Copenhagen climate conference in 2009, developed states
pledged 30 billion dollars of new aid for climate finance for the
developing world between 2010 and 2012, and a further 100 billion by
2020.
"Developed countries are now shifting the responsibility to provide
funding to the private sector, a dangerous trend to these negotiations,"
said Mpamu-Mpamu.
Other negotiators share Mpamu-Mpamu's concerns over the role transnational corporations are assuming at the conference. "At a three-day conference prior to this COP, businesses spent two
days explaining how they could make money out of climate change," said
Rene Orellana, head of Bolivia's delegation.
And, said Pascone Sabido from the Corporate Europe Observatory, the
corporations assuming prominence at the COP are also the biggest
emitters of carbon. He criticised the U.N. for accepting sponsorship for
COP19 from major polluters like steel giant ArcelorMittal and the
Polish Energy Group (PGE), saying these companies were influencing the
negotiations.
"You wouldn't ask Marlboro to sponsor a summit on lung cancer, so why
is it acceptable for the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change?"
he said.

Rachel Tansey, researcher at the Malaysia-based NGO Environment and
Economic Justice, says big business wants to see climate finance -
public funding - directed towards projects that corporations can profit
from. And the governments of the developed countries are listening. "[Transport and energy giant] Alstom is lobbying for so-called
"clean" coal, controversial technologies that allow them to continue
profiting from burning fossil fuels, like carbon capture and storage,
and for more nuclear power," said Tansey.

But COP19 president Marcin Kolorec said there was nothing wrong with
inviting the private sector to participate in parallel meetings at the
conference. He said industries have been given a chance to take part in
the same way that non-governmental organisations are, adding that such
dialogues have been a feature of the talks since the COPs started. "We have to be transparent and inclusive," he told reporters, adding
that the Warsaw talks were a build-up to a possible global agreement in
2015 in the French capital, Paris. He said industries were given a chance to participate at the COP just
like non-governmental organisations, adding that such dialogues have
been part of the COP since it started. He said there is no chance that industry will influence COP decisions because they are not part of the formal negotiations.

Swaziland's Emmanuel Dlamini, the chair of the Africa Group of
negotiators, said that despite some risks, bringing business on board is
not such a bad idea.
"For developed states to come up with the finance, they need to mobilise the business sector," Dlamini told IPS. He echoed the COP president in underlining that business is not
taking part in the actual negotiations. "But," he said, "there is the
danger of the private sector influencing decisions through proposals
they sell to their governments which could be brought into the COP
negotiations."
For Dlamini, the main challenge is to clearly define climate finance.
Since the Copenhagen conference, he said, a lot of aid to developing
countries has been classified as climate assistance.

"Yes, there has been money flowing, but to what extent is it climate finance?" wondered Dlamini. In Swaziland, for instance, he said, money coming from the European
Union's Official Development Assistance for poverty alleviation is now
considered climate finance. "We need a reliable fund for climate change like the GCF," said Dlamini.

Meena Raman, from the observer group Third World Network,
says completing the setting up of the Green Climate Fund would be
helpful because it is a grant fund that will directly benefit poor
countries. Presently headquartered in South Korea, with operational
funding of just seven million dollars, the Green Climate Fund does not
as yet have a cent for projects.
"That's where developing countries are saying the 100 billion dollars
should go to, a matter still under discussion," said Raman.