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With the RFBB, R. oryzae gave relatively stable, high production rate and yield for an extended period. However, the reactor productivity would be limited by the available surface area for cell attachment and oxygen transfer by diffusion into the mycelial layer. Further studies to increase the surface area in the RFBB and to control mycelial layer thickness are needed before the reactor can be scaled up for commercial applications. Conclusion This study demonstrated the feasibility and advantage of using the RFBB to control the filamentous fungal morphology in lactic acid production by R.

Rotating Fibrous Bed Bioreactor (RFBB) Figure 2 shows a schematic of the RFBB, which was modified from a 5-L fermentor (Biostat B, B. 2 cm) to the agitation shaft. Before use, the bioreactor was sterilized twice at 121°C for 60 minutes with an overnight interval. The bioreactor containing 4 liters of the growth medium was then autoclaved at 121°C for 60 minutes. After cooling, the dissolved oxygen (DO) probe was calibrated with air and nitrogen, and the reactor was then inoculated with 10 mL of the spore suspension (lo6 sporeslml).