Automobile segment is going through significant technology changes for the last decade. The focus was in improving fuel economy and comfort. Conventional hydraulic based systems are being replaced with electromechanical systems the automobiles. Advances in Motors, motor control and power electronics helped to fuel this transformation. Next generation vehicles will see further development in the direction of advanced comfort and safety features. These days the Autonomous vehicle is “the talk of the day”. The main objective of these systems is to improve the comfort and safety of the passengers. The presentation will discuss the impact of the electrification on vehicle control in the automotive systems.

In this speech, applications of high-speed electrical machines will be introduced, such as the energy recycling for internal combustion engine exhaust, electrically assisted turbo charger, air compressor for fuel cell, and integrated starter and generator for gas turbine. Common topologies of such high-speed machines, especially of the permanent magnet ac machines, will be reviewed. Design considerations will be presented, including the reduction of electromagnetic losses, thermal analysis and design, rotor stress, and rotor dynamics. Also, sine-wave and square-wave drives will be compared, whilst some control methods, such as rotor position sensorless control and variable speed control, under high-speed operation will be presented.

Though electrical incidents represent a relatively small percentage of all work-related incidents, they are disproportionately fatal and, in the case of burns, may result in extended hospitalization and rehabilitation. On average, approximately 5 to 10 arc flash explosions occur on the job every day in the United States. Proper protection is the key to reduce casualties during these incidents. IEEE 1584 and NFPA 70E are developed to protect the safety of the workers. Several areas of arc flash phenomena need further research and testing validation.

The IEEE and the NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) have joined forces on an initiative to fund and support research and testing to improve the understanding of arc flashes. The results of this collaborative project will provide information that will be used to improve electrical safety standards, predict the hazards associated with arcing faults and accompanying arc blasts, and provide practical safeguards for employees in the workplace. The identified areas include but are not limited to: 1) Heat and Thermal Effects, 2) Blast Pressure, 3) Sound, and 4) Light intensity.

This presentation will cover the basic understanding of the arc flash, performing the arcing current and incident energy calculation, and the procedures that have been carried out to provide information for the updating and clarifications of IEEE Std. 1584 – 201x arc flash standards.