Among the cases denied were two that challenged the constitutionality of a 2005 federal law that put an end to a wave of lawsuits seeking to hold gun manufacturers and dealers liable for harms done by others with the guns those firms had sold. The cases were New York City v. Beretta USA (08-530) and Lawson v. Beretta USA (08-545). A federal appeals court in New York and the District of Columbia’s highest local court rejected the constitutional complaints.