Caesar cipherCaesar cipher, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques.
The transformation can be represented by aligning two alphabets,
the cipher alphabet is the plain alphabet rotated left or right by some number of positions.
When encrypting, a person looks up each letter of the message in the 'plain'
line and writes down the corresponding letter in the 'cipher' line. Deciphering is done in reverse.
The encryption can also be represented using modular arithmetic
by first transforming the letters into numbers, according to the scheme, A = 0, B = 1,..., Z = 25.
Encryption of a letter x by a shift n can be described mathematically as
Plaintext: technical

cipher variations:

ufdiojdbm

vgejpkecn

whfkqlfdo

xiglrmgep

yjhmsnhfq

zkintoigr

aljoupjhs

bmkpvqkit

cnlqwrlju

domrxsmkv

epnsytnlw

fqotzuomx

grpuavpny

hsqvbwqoz

itrwcxrpa

jusxdysqb

kvtyeztrc

lwuzfausd

mxvagbvte

nywbhcwuf

ozxcidxvg

paydjeywh

qbzekfzxi

rcaflgayj

sdbgmhbzk

Decryption is performed similarly,
(There are different definitions for the modulo operation.
In the above, the result is in the range 0...25. I.e., if x+n or x-n are not in the range 0...25,
we have to subtract or add 26.)
Read more ...Atbash CipherAtbash is an ancient encryption system created in the Middle East.
It was originally used in the Hebrew language.
The Atbash cipher is a simple substitution cipher that relies on
transposing all the letters in the alphabet such that the resulting alphabet is backwards.
The first letter is replaced with the last letter, the second with the second-last, and so on.
An example plaintext to ciphertext using Atbash:

Baconian CipherTo encode a message, each letter of the plaintext is replaced by a group of five of the letters 'A' or 'B'.
This replacement is done according to the alphabet of the Baconian cipher, shown below.

Affine CipherIn the affine cipher the letters of an alphabet of size m are first mapped to the integers
in the range 0..m - 1. It then uses modular arithmetic to transform the integer that each plaintext
letter corresponds to into another integer that correspond to a ciphertext letter.
The encryption function for a single letter is
where modulus m is the size of the alphabet and a and b are the key of the cipher.
The value a must be chosen such that a and m are coprime.Considering the specific case of encrypting messages in English (i.e. m = 26),
there are a total of 286 non-trivial affine ciphers, not counting the 26 trivial Caesar ciphers.
This number comes from the fact there are 12 numbers that are coprime with 26 that are less than 26
(these are the possible values of a). Each value of a can have 26 different addition shifts (the b value)
; therefore, there are 12*26 or 312 possible keys.Plaintext: technical

cipher variations:

ufdiojdbm

gnhwozhbi

svlkoplbe

edpyofpba

qltmovtbw

ctxaolxbs

ajfcorfbk

mrjqohjbg

yzneoxnbc

khrsonrby

wpvgodvbu

ixzuotzbq

vgejpkecn

hoixpaicj

twmlpqmcf

feqzpgqcb

rmunpwucx

duybpmyct

bkgdpsgcl

nskrpikch

zaofpyocd

listposcz

xqwhpewcv

jyavpuacr

whfkqlfdo

ipjyqbjdk

uxnmqrndg

gfraqhrdc

snvoqxvdy

evzcqnzdu

clheqthdm

otlsqjldi

abpgqzpde

mjtuqptda

yrxiqfxdw

kzbwqvbds

xiglrmgep

jqkzrckel

vyonrsoeh

hgsbrised

towprywez

fwadroaev

dmifruien

pumtrkmej

bcqhraqef

nkuvrqueb

zsyjrgyex

lacxrwcet

yjhmsnhfq

krlasdlfm

wzpostpfi

ihtcsjtfe

upxqszxfa

gxbespbfw

enjgsvjfo

qvnuslnfk

cdrisbrfg

olvwsrvfc

atzkshzfy

mbdysxdfu

zkintoigr

lsmbtemgn

xaqptuqgj

jiudtkugf

vqyrtaygb

hycftqcgx

fokhtwkgp

rwovtmogl

desjtcsgh

pmwxtswgd

bualtiagz

nceztyegv

aljoupjhs

mtncufnho

ybrquvrhk

kjveulvhg

wrzsubzhc

izdgurdhy

gpliuxlhq

sxpwunphm

eftkudthi

qnxyutxhe

cvbmujbha

odfauzfhw

bmkpvqkit

nuodvgoip

zcsrvwsil

lkwfvmwih

xsatvcaid

jaehvseiz

hqmjvymir

tyqxvoqin

fgulveuij

royzvuyif

dwcnvkcib

pegbvagix

cnlqwrlju

ovpewhpjq

adtswxtjm

mlxgwnxji

ytbuwdbje

kbfiwtfja

irnkwznjs

uzrywprjo

ghvmwfvjk

spzawvzjg

exdowldjc

qfhcwbhjy

domrxsmkv

pwqfxiqkr

beutxyukn

nmyhxoykj

zucvxeckf

lcgjxugkb

jsolxaokt

vaszxqskp

hiwnxgwkl

tqabxwakh

fyepxmekd

rgidxcikz

epnsytnlw

qxrgyjrls

cfvuyzvlo

onziypzlk

avdwyfdlg

mdhkyvhlc

ktpmybplu

wbtayrtlq

ijxoyhxlm

urbcyxbli

gzfqynfle

shjeydjla

fqotzuomx

ryshzksmt

dgwvzawmp

poajzqaml

bwexzgemh

neilzwimd

luqnzcqmv

xcubzsumr

jkypziymn

vscdzycmj

hagrzogmf

tikfzekmb

grpuavpny

sztialtnu

ehxwabxnq

qpbkarbnm

cxfyahfni

ofjmaxjne

mvroadrnw

ydvcatvns

klzqajzno

wtdeazdnk

ibhsaphng

ujlgaflnc

hsqvbwqoz

taujbmuov

fiyxbcyor

rqclbscon

dygzbigoj

pgknbykof

nwspbesox

zewdbuwot

lmarbkaop

xuefbaeol

jcitbqioh

vkmhbgmod

itrwcxrpa

ubvkcnvpw

gjzycdzps

srdmctdpo

ezhacjhpk

qhloczlpg

oxtqcftpy

afxecvxpu

mnbsclbpq

yvfgcbfpm

kdjucrjpi

wlnichnpe

jusxdysqb

vcwldowqx

hkazdeaqt

tsendueqp

faibdkiql

rimpdamqh

pyurdguqz

bgyfdwyqv

noctdmcqr

zwghdcgqn

lekvdskqj

xmojdioqf

kvtyeztrc

wdxmepxry

ilbaefbru

utfoevfrq

gbjceljrm

sjnqebnri

qzvsehvra

chzgexzrw

opduendrs

axhiedhro

mflwetlrk

ynpkejprg

lwuzfausd

xeynfqysz

jmcbfgcsv

vugpfwgsr

hckdfmksn

tkorfcosj

rawtfiwsb

diahfyasx

pqevfoest

byijfeisp

ngmxfumsl

zoqlfkqsh

mxvagbvte

yfzogrzta

kndcghdtw

wvhqgxhts

idlegnlto

ulpsgdptk

sbxugjxtc

ejbigzbty

qrfwgpftu

czjkgfjtq

ohnygvntm

aprmglrti

nywbhcwuf

zgaphsaub

loedhieux

xwirhyiut

jemfhomup

vmqthequl

tcyvhkyud

fkcjhacuz

rsgxhqguv

daklhgkur

piozhwoun

bqsnhmsuj

ozxcidxvg

ahbqitbvc

mpfeijfvy

yxjsizjvu

kfngipnvq

wnruifrvm

udzwilzve

gldkibdva

sthyirhvw

eblmihlvs

qjpaixpvo

crtointvk

paydjeywh

bicrjucwd

nqgfjkgwz

zyktjakwv

lgohjqowr

xosvjgswn

veaxjmawf

hmeljcewb

tuizjsiwx

fcmnjimwt

rkqbjyqwp

dsupjouwl

qbzekfzxi

cjdskvdxe

orhgklhxa

azlukblxw

mhpikrpxs

yptwkhtxo

wfbyknbxg

infmkdfxc

uvjaktjxy

gdnokjnxu

slrckzrxq

etvqkpvxm

rcaflgayj

dketlweyf

psihlmiyb

bamvlcmyx

niqjlsqyt

zquxliuyp

xgczlocyh

jognlegyd

vwkblukyz

heoplkoyv

tmsdlasyr

fuwrlqwyn

sdbgmhbzk

elfumxfzg

qtjimnjzc

cbnwmdnzy

ojrkmtrzu

arvymjvzq

yhdampdzi

kphomfhze

wxlcmvlza

ifpqmlpzw

untembtzs

gvxsmrxzo

technical

fmgvnygah

rukjnokad

dcoxneoaz

pkslnusav

bswznkwar

ziebnqeaj

lqipngiaf

xymdnwmab

jgqrnmqax

voufncuat

hwytnsyap

The decryption function iswhere a - 1 is the modular multiplicative inverse of a modulo m. I.e., it satisfies the equationThe multiplicative inverse of a only exists if a and m are coprime.
Hence without the restriction on a decryption might not be possible.
It can be shown as follows that decryption function is the inverse of the encryption function,Read more ...

ROT13 CipherApplying ROT13 to a piece of text merely requires examining its alphabetic
characters and replacing each one by the letter 13 places further along in the alphabet,
wrapping back to the beginning if necessary. A becomes N, B becomes O, and so on up to M,
which becomes Z, then the sequence continues at the beginning of the alphabet: N becomes A,
O becomes B, and so on to Z, which becomes M. Only those letters which occur in the English
alphabet are affected; numbers, symbols, whitespace, and all other characters are left unchanged.
Because there are 26 letters in the English alphabet and 26 = 2 * 13, the ROT13 function is its own inverse:

Polybius SquareA Polybius Square is a table that allows someone to translate letters into numbers.
To give a small level of encryption, this table can be randomized and shared with the recipient.
In order to fit the 26 letters of the alphabet into the 25 spots created by the table, the letters
i and j are usually combined.

1

2

3

4

5

1

A

B

C

D

E

2

F

G

H

I/J

K

3

L

M

N

O

P

4

Q

R

S

T

U

5

V

W

X

Y

Z

Basic Form:

Plain:

technical

Cipher:

445131323342311113

Extended Methods:Method #1

Plaintext: technical

method variations:

ykhnsohfq

dpnsxtnlv

iusxcysqa

ozxchdxvf

Method #2Bifid cipherThe message is converted to its coordinates in the usual manner, but they are written vertically beneath:

t e c h n i c a l
4 5 3 3 3 4 3 1 1
4 1 1 2 3 2 1 1 3

They are then read out in rows:
453334311411232113Then divided up into pairs again, and the pairs turned back into letters using the square:

Permutation CipherIn classical cryptography, a permutation cipher is a transposition cipher in which the key is a permutation.
To apply a cipher, a random permutation of size E is generated (the larger the value of E the more secure the cipher).
The plaintext is then broken into segments of size E and the letters within that segment are permuted according to
this key.
In theory, any transposition cipher can be viewed as a permutation cipher where E is equal to the
length of the plaintext; this is too cumbersome a generalisation to use in actual practice, however.
The idea behind a permutation cipher is to keep the plaintext characters unchanged,
butalter their positions by rearrangement using a permutation
This cipher is defined as:Let m be a positive integer, and K consist of all permutations of {1,...,m}For a key (permutation) , define:
The encryption function The decryption function A small example, assuming m = 6, and the key is the permutation
:The first row is the value of i,
and the second row is the corresponding value of (i)The inverse permutation, is constructed by interchanging the two rows,
andrearranging the columns so that the first row is in increasing order, Therefore, is:
Total variation formula: e = 2,718281828 , n - plaintext length