Survivorship Bias - The Misconception: You should focus on the successful if you wish to become successful. The Truth: When failure becomes invisible, the difference between failure and success may also become invisible

Survivorship Bias: studying successes, when the critical learning comes from failures. (This is why venture capitalists value failure.) EXAMPLE: WWII bomber armor placement: The holes in the surviving planes reveal the locations that needed the least additional armor. Look at where the survivors are unharmed, he said, and that’s where the bombers are most vulnerable; that’s probably where the planes that didn’t make it back were hit.