MULTILAYER IDENTIFICATION MARKER COMPOSITIONS - Multi-layer identification markers, which comprise at least two layers that contain combinations of absorbers and fluorescence emitters, are described. The multi-layer identification markers may have application as security markers and security coatings.

04-23-2009

20090288699

LAMINATE STRUCTURES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS, AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - Laminate structures are disclosed, comprising a metal foil supporting a polyimide dielectric layer. The polyimide dielectric layer comprises a polyimide derived from at least one aromatic rigid rod diamine and at least one aromatic rigid rod dianhydride to provide a thermally and dimensionally stable polyimide. A bottom electrode is formed directly on the polyimide dielectric layer surface, and a CIGS absorber layer is formed directly on the bottom electrode. The CIGS laminates of the present disclosure can be incorporated into CIGS type solar cells, and the laminates further allow such CIGS solar cells to be monolithically integrated into a photovoltaic module on a single substrate.

11-26-2009

20100092763

COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING MULTIFUNCTIONAL NANOPARTICLES - Compositions containing multifunctional nanoparticles are provided. The compositions are the reaction product of fluoroelastomer having at least one cure site, and the reaction product of nanosilica with more than one type of silane coupling agent. The compositions can be used to form abrasion resistant anti-reflective coatings.

04-15-2010

20100092834

ELECTROCATALYSTS AND PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING - Noble metal catalysts and methods for producing the catalysts are provided. The catalysts are useful in applications such as fuel cells. The catalysts exhibit reduced agglomeration of catalyst particles as compared to conventional noble metal catalysts.

04-15-2010

20100154868

PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE WITH MULTI-LAYER FLUOROPOLYMERIC FILM - The present invention discloses photovoltaic modules with a multi-layer fluoropolymeric film wherein the reflectance spectrum of the multi-layer fluoropolymeric film exhibits at least one minimum in the wavelength between 400 and 1100 nm. The film is useful as a light capture front sheet in solar modules, and more broadly as an antireflection layer. The invention further discloses photovoltaic arrays formed from such modules.

06-24-2010

20100159221

MULTI-LAYER FLUOROPOLYMERIC FILM AND ARTICLES INCORPORATING SUCH FILMS - The present invention discloses a multi-layer fluoropolymeric film that is useful as a light capture front sheet in solar modules, and more broadly as an antireflection layer. The present invention further discloses a glass shaped article having a multi-layer fluoropolymeric film disposed upon the surface thereof. The shaped article is useful in applications where it is desirable to reduce reflection of incident light.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING GUERBET ALCOHOLS USING WATER TOLERANT BASIC CATALYSTS - A process is provided for making a reaction product comprising 1-butanol by contacting a reactant comprising ethanol containing a significant amount of water with a decomposed hydrotalcite catalyst. The catalyst may be 1) hydrotalcites which have been thermally decomposed, either partially or fully, to form catalytically active species; 2) combinations of hydrotalcites (optionally containing transition metals) and metal carbonates; and 3) hydrotalcites (optionally containing transition metals) surface-impregnated with a transition metal nitrate, where catalysts 2) and 3) have also been thermally decomposed, either partially or fully, to form catalytically active species. The catalyst, at a selected reaction time, has greater activity when the ethanol contains water as compared to when the ethanol is anhydrous.

BILAYER ANTI-REFLECTIVE FILMS CONTAINING NANOPARTICLES IN BOTH LAYERS - The present invention relates to nanoparticles-containing stratified compositions for low refractive index compositions of utility as anti-reflective coatings for optical display substrates. The compositions comprise a high index refractive stratum and a low refractive index stratum on top of the high index stratum, and containing different nanoparticles in each stratum.

BILAYER ANTI-REFLECTIVE FILMS CONTAINING NONOPARTICLES - Described are nanoparticles-containing stratified compositions, and processes to prepare, for low refractive index compositions of utility as anti-reflective coatings for optical display substrates. The compositions comprise a high index refractive stratum containing nanoparticles and a low refractive index stratum on top of the high index stratum.

ASSEMBLIES COMPRISING A THERMALLY AND DIMENSIONALLY STABLE POLYIMIDE FILM, AN ELECTRODE AND AN ABSORBER LAYER, AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - The assemblies of the present invention comprise an electrode, an absorber layer and a polyimide film. The polyimide film contains from about 40 to about 95 weight percent of a polyimide derived from: i. at least one aromatic dianhydride, at least about 85 mole percent of such aromatic dianhydride being a rigid rod type dianhydride, and ii. at least one aromatic diamine, at least about 85 mole percent of such aromatic diamine being a rigid rod type diamine. The polyimide films of the present disclosure further comprise a filler that: i. is less than about 800 nanometers in at least one dimension; ii. has an aspect ratio greater than about 3:1 ; iii. is less than the thickness of the polyimide film in all dimensions; and iv. is present in an amount from about 5 to about 60 weight percent of the total weight of the polyimide film.

03-10-2011

20110120545

PHOTOVOLTAIC COMPOSITIONS OR PRECURSORS THERETO, AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - A process for forming at least one photovoltaic component on a substrate is described. The substrate comprises a polyimide and a sub-micron filler. The polyimide is derived substantially or wholly from rigid rod monomers and the sub-micron filler has an aspect ratio of at least 3:1. The substrates of the present disclosure are particularly well suited for photovoltaic applications, due at least in part to high resistance to hygroscopic expansion and relatively high levels of thermal and dimensional stability.

05-26-2011

20110123796

INTERPOSER FILMS USEFUL IN SEMICONDUCTOR PACKAGING APPLICATIONS, AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - An interposer film for IC packaging is disclosed. The interposer film comprises a substrate that supports a plurality of electrically conductive domains. The substrate contains a rigid rod type polyimide and about 5-60 wt % filler. The filler has at least one dimension that (on average) is less than about 800 nanometers, and the filler also has an average aspect ratio greater than about 3:1.

05-26-2011

20110124806

DIMENSIONALLY STABLE POLYIMIDES, AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - A film is disclosed, containing 40-100 weight percent polyimide. The polyimide is derived from a dianhydride component and a diamine component. The dianhydride component is at least 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), and optionally is also pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) in a mole ratio of 50-100:50-0 (BPDA:PMDA). The diamine component comprises 1,5-naphthalenediamine (1,5-ND) and 1,4-diaminobenzene (PPD) and/or meta phenylene diamine (MPD) in a mole ratio of 15-95:85-5 (1,5-ND:PPD+MPD). The films have exceptional high temperature storage modulus (elastic modulus) and exceptionally low high temperature creep (e

05-26-2011

20110220178

ASSEMBLIES COMPRISING A THERMALLY AND DIMENSIONALLY STABLE POLYIMIDE FILM, AN ELECTRODE AND A LIGHT ABSORBER LAYER, AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - The assemblies of the present invention comprise an electrode, an light absorber layer and a polyimide film. The polyimide film contains from about 40 to about 95 weight percent of a polyimide derived from: i. at least one aromatic dianhydride, at least about 85 mole percent of such aromatic dianhydride being a rigid rod type dianhydride, and ii. at least one aromatic diamine, at least about 85 mole percent of such aromatic diamine being a rigid rod type diamine. The polyimide films of the present disclosure further comprise a filler that: i. is less than about 100 nanometers in all dimensions; and ii. is present in an amount from about 5 to about 60 weight percent of the total weight of the polyimide film.

09-15-2011

20110220179

ASSEMBLIES COMPRISING A THERMALLY AND DIMENSIONALLY STABLE POLYIMIDE FILM, AN ELECTRODE AND AN ABSORBER LAYER, AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - The assemblies of the present disclosure comprise an electrode, and a polyimide film. The polyimide film contains from about 40 to about 95 weight percent of a polyimide derived from at least one aromatic dianhydride component, and at least one aromatic diamine component. The aromatic dianhydride and aromatic diamine component are selected from the group consisting of rigid rod diamine, non-rigid rod diamine and combinations thereof. The mole ratio of dianhydride to diamine is 48-52:52-48 and the ratio of A:B is 20-80:80-20. A is the mole percent of rigid rod dianhydride and rigid rod diamine, and B is the mole percent of non-rigid rod dianhydride and non-rigid rod diamine. The polyimide films of the present disclosure further comprise a filler that is less than about 100 nanometers in all dimensions and is present in an amount from about 5 to about 60 weight percent of the total weight of the polyimide film.

09-15-2011

20110262843

ELECTROCATALYSTS AND PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING - Noble metal catalysts and methods for producing the catalysts are provided. The catalysts are useful in applications such as fuel cells. The catalysts exhibit reduced agglomeration of catalyst particles as compared to conventional noble metal catalysts.

THERMALLY AND DIMENSIONALLY STABLE POLYIMIDE FILMS AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - The films of the present disclosure have a thickness from about 8 to about 150 microns and contain from about 40 to about 95 weight percent of a polyimide derived from: i. at least one aromatic dianhydride, at least about 85 mole percent of such aromatic dianhydride being a rigid rod type monomer, and ii. at least one aromatic diamine, at least about 85 mole percent of such aromatic diamine being a rigid rod type monomer. The films of the present disclosure further comprise a filler that: i. is less than about 800 nanometers in at least one dimension; ii. has an aspect ratio greater than about 3:1; iii. is less than the thickness of the film in all dimensions; and iv. is present in an amount from about 5 to about 60 weight percent of the total weight of the film.

01-12-2012

20120017990

PHYLLOSILICATE COMPOSITES CONTAINING MICA - Disclosed is a mica paper composite and a process for making the mica paper composite. Particularly disclosed is a process for chemically planarizing the surface of a mica composite. Articles comprising the mica paper composite are also disclosed.

ASSEMBLIES COMPRISING A POLYIMIDE FILM AND AN ELECTRODE, AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - The assemblies of the present disclosure comprise an electrode, and a polyimide film. The polyimide film comprises a sub-micron filler and a polyimide. The polyimide is derived from at least one aromatic dianhydride component selected from rigid rod dianhydride, non-rigid rod dianhydride and combinations thereof, and at least one aromatic diamine component selected from rigid rod diamine, non-rigid rod diamine and combinations thereof. The mole ratio of dianhydride to diamine is 48-52:52-48 and the ratio of X:Y is 20-80:80-20 where X is the mole percent of rigid rod dianhydride and rigid rod diamine, and Y is the mole percent of non-rigid rod dianhydride and non-rigid rod diamine. The sub-micron filler is less than 550 nanometers in at least one dimension; has an aspect ratio greater than 3:1; is less than the thickness of the film in all dimensions.

09-13-2012

20120228616

THIN FILM TRANSISTOR COMPOSITIONS, AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - The present disclosure is directed to a thin film transistor composition. The thin film transistor composition has a semiconductor material and a substrate. The substrate is composed of a polyimide and a sub-micron filler. The polyimide is derived from at least one aromatic dianhydride component selected from rigid rod dianhydride, non-rigid rod dianhydride and combinations thereof, and at least one aromatic diamine component selected from rigid rod diamine, non-rigid rod diamine and combinations thereof. The mole ratio of dianhydride to diamine is 48-52:52-48 and the ratio of X:Y is 20-80:80-20 where X is the mole percent of rigid rod dianhydride and rigid rod diamine, and Y is the mole percent of non-rigid rod dianhydride and non-rigid rod diamine. The sub-micron filler is less than 550 nanometers in at least one dimension; has an aspect ratio greater than 3:1; is less than the thickness of the film in all dimensions.

09-13-2012

20120231257

THERMALLY AND DIMENSIONALLY STABLE POLYIMIDE FILMS AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - The present disclosure is directed to a polyimide film. The film is composed of a polyimide and a sub-micron filler. The polyimide is derived from at least one aromatic dianhydride component selected from rigid rod dianhydride, non-rigid rod dianhydride and combinations thereof, and at least one aromatic diamine component selected from rigid rod diamine, non-rigid rod diamine and combinations thereof. The mole ratio of dianhydride to diamine is 48-52:52-48 and the ratio of X:Y is 20-80:80-20 where X is the mole percent of rigid rod dianhydride and rigid rod diamine, and Y is the mole percent of non-rigid rod dianhydride and non-rigid rod diamine. The sub-micron filler is less than 550 nanometers in at least one dimension; has an aspect ratio greater than 3:1; is less than the thickness of the film in all dimensions.

09-13-2012

20120231263

COVERLAY COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - The present disclosure is directed to a coverlay comprising a polyimide film and an adhesive layer. The polyimide film is composed of a polyimide and a sub-micron filler. The polyimide is derived from at least one aromatic dianhydride component selected from rigid rod dianhydride, non-rigid rod dianhydride and combinations thereof, and at least one aromatic diamine component selected from rigid rod diamine, non-rigid rod diamine and combinations thereof. The mole ratio of dianhydride to diamine is 48-52:52-48 and the ratio of X:Y is 20-80:80-20 where X is the mole percent of rigid rod dianhydride and rigid rod diamine, and Y is the mole percent of non-rigid rod dianhydride and non-rigid rod diamine. The sub-micron filler is less than 550 nanometers in at least one dimension; has an aspect ratio greater than 3:1; is less than the thickness of the film in all dimensions.

09-13-2012

20120231264

WIRE WRAP COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - The present disclosure is directed to a wire wrap composition having a polyimide layer and a bonding layer. The polyimide layer is composed of a polyimide and a sub-micron filler. The polyimide is derived from at least one aromatic dianhydride component selected from rigid rod dianhydride, non-rigid rod dianhydride and combinations thereof, and at least one aromatic diamine component selected from rigid rod diamine, non-rigid rod diamine and combinations thereof. The mole ratio of dianhydride to diamine is 48-52:52-48 and the ratio of X:Y is 20-80:80-20 where X is the mole percent of rigid rod dianhydride and rigid rod diamine, and Y is the mole percent of non-rigid rod dianhydride and non-rigid rod diamine. The sub-micron filler is less than 550 nanometers in at least one dimension; has an aspect ratio greater than 3:1; is less than the thickness of the film in all dimensions.

09-13-2012

20120292086

INTERPOSER FILMS USEFUL IN SEMICONDUCTOR PACKAGING APPLICATIONS, AND METHODS RELATING THERETO - An interposer film for IC packaging is disclosed. The interposer film comprises a substrate that supports a plurality of electrically conductive domains. The substrate is composed of a polyimide and a sub-micron filler. The polyimide is derived from at least one aromatic dianhydride component selected from rigid rod dianhydride, non-rigid rod dianhydride and combinations thereof, and at least one aromatic diamine component selected from rigid rod diamine, non-rigid rod diamine and combinations thereof. The mole ratio of dianhydride to diamine is 48-52:52-48 and the ratio of X:Y is 20-80:80-20 where X is the mole percent of rigid rod dianhydride and rigid rod diamine, and Y is the mole percent of non-rigid rod dianhydride and non-rigid rod diamine. The sub-micron filler is less than 550 nanometers in at least one dimension; has an aspect ratio greater than 3:1; is less than the thickness of the film in all dimensions.

COMPOSITIONS, ELECTRODES AND METHODS OF MAKING - There is a composition including polymeric binder and carbon-sulfur (C—S) composite. The C—S composite includes about 5 to 95 wt. % sulfur compound. The C—S composite also includes templated carbon having a surface area of about 50 to 4,000 square meters per gram templated carbon and a pore volume of about 0.5 to 6 cubic centimeters per gram templated carbon. The templated carbon has a carbon microstructure that is complementary with an inorganic microstructure, characterized by a three-dimensional framework, of an inorganic template used in a process for making the templated carbon. There is a method for making the composition. There is also an electrode incorporating the composition, as well as methods for making the electrode. There are also methods relating to using the composition and the electrode.

07-18-2013

20130181677

COMPOSITIONS, LAYERINGS, ELECTRODES AND METHODS FOR MAKING - There is a cell comprising an article comprising a halogen ionomer. The article may be any element, such as a porous separator, in the cell or a modification, such as a film, a membrane, and a coating, added to an element in the cell. The halogen ionomer may be any ionomer comprising halogen, such as a fluorinated polymeric sulfonate neutralized with lithium. The halogen ionomer may also be included in a composition within an element of the cell, such as a porous separator. The cell also comprises a positive electrode including sulfur compound, a negative electrode, a circuit coupling the positive electrode with the negative electrode, an electrolyte medium and an interior wall of the cell. In addition, there are methods of making the cell and methods of using the cell.

07-18-2013

20130181678

COMPOSITIONS, LAYERINGS, ELECTRODES & METHODS FOR MAKING - There is a composition comprising 1 to 17.5 wt. % ionomer composition comprising hydrocarbon ionomer and 50 to 99 wt. % carbon-sulfur composite made from carbon powder having a surface area of about 50 to 4,000 square meters per gram and a pore volume of about 0.5 to 6 cubic centimeters per gram. The composite has 5 to 95 wt. % sulfur compound. There is also a layering comprising a plurality of coatings. Respective coatings in the plurality of coatings comprise respective compositions. The respective coatings comprise at least one ionomer composition comprising hydrocarbon ionomer and at least one carbon-sulfur composite of carbon powder and sulfur compound. There are also electrodes comprising the composition or layering and methods of using such in cells.

07-18-2013

20130183547

COMPOSITIONS, LAYERINGS, ELECTRODES AND METHODS FOR MAKING - There is a composition comprising 1 to 17.5 wt. % ionomer composition comprising halogen ionomer and 50 to 99 wt. % carbon-sulfur composite made from carbon powder having a surface area of about 50 to 4,000 square meters per gram and a pore volume of about 0.5 to 6 cubic centimeters per gram. The composite has 5 to 95 wt. % sulfur compound. There is also a layering comprising a plurality of coatings. Respective coatings in the plurality of coatings comprise respective compositions. The respective coatings comprise at least one ionomer composition comprising halogen ionomer and at least one carbon-sulfur composite of carbon powder and sulfur compound. There are also electrodes comprising the composition or layering and methods of using such in cells.

07-18-2013

20130183548

COMPOSITIONS, LAYERINGS, ELECTRODES AND METHODS FOR MAKING - There is a carbon-sulfur composite; and there is a composition comprising about 1 to 17.5 wt. % polymeric binder and about 50 to 99 wt. % carbon-sulfur composite comprising carbon powder having a surface area of about 50 to 4,000 square meters per gram and a pore volume of about 0.5 to 6 cubic centimeters per gram. The carbon powder comprises carbon having a macromolecular structure ordered in at least two dimensions and characterized by having two-dimensional carbon sheets which are stacked into carbon layers. The carbon-sulfur composite also comprises about 5 to 95 wt. % sulfur compound. There is also a layering comprising a plurality of coatings. Respective coatings in the plurality of coatings can comprise respective compositions. The respective coatings can comprise at least one polymeric binder and at least one carbon-sulfur composite comprising carbon powder and sulfur compound. There are also electrodes comprising a composition or a layering and methods of using such in cells.

07-18-2013

20130183549

COMPOSITIONS, LAYERINGS, ELECTRODES AND METHODS FOR MAKING - There is a cell comprising an article comprising a hydrocarbon ionomer. The article may be any element in the cell, such as an interior wall, or a modification to an element, such as a film, a membrane, and a coating. The hydrocarbon ionomer is any polymer with ionic functionality, such as a polymeric (methacrylate) neutralized with lithium, and not containing halogen or halogen-containing substituents. The hydrocarbon ionomer may also be included in a composition within an element of the cell, such as a porous separator. The cell also comprises a positive electrode including sulfur compound, a negative electrode, a circuit coupling the positive electrode with the negative electrode, an electrolyte medium and an interior wall of the cell. In addition, there are methods of making the cell and methods of using the cell.

07-18-2013

20130183550

COMPOSITIONS, LAYERINGS, ELECTRODES AND METHODS FOR MAKING - There is a cell comprising an article comprising a hydrocarbon ionomer. The article may be any element in the cell, such as an interior wall, or a modification to an element, such as a film, a membrane, and a coating. The hydrocarbon ionomer is any polymer with ionic functionality, such as a polymeric (methacrylate) neutralized with lithium, and not containing halogen or halogen-containing substituents. The hydrocarbon ionomer may also be included in a composition within an element of the cell, such as a porous separator. The cell also comprises a positive electrode including sulfur compound, a negative electrode, a circuit coupling the positive electrode with the negative electrode, an electrolyte medium and an interior wall of the cell. In addition, there are methods of making the cell and methods of using the cell.

HYDROCARBON IONOMER COMPOSITIONS, LAYERINGS, ELECTRODES, METHODS FOR MAKING AND METHODS FOR USING - There is a composition comprising 1 to 17.5 wt. % ionomer composition comprising hydrocarbon ionomer and 50 to 99 wt. % carbon-sulfur composite made from carbon powder having a surface area of about 50 to 4,000 square meters per gram and a pore volume of about 0.5 to 6 cubic centimeters per gram. The composite has 5 to 95 wt. % sulfur compound. There is also a layering comprising a plurality of coatings. Respective coatings in the plurality of coatings comprise respective compositions. The respective coatings comprise at least one ionomer composition comprising hydrocarbon ionomer and at least one carbon-sulfur composite of carbon powder and sulfur compound. There are also electrodes comprising the composition or layering and methods of using such in cells.

01-22-2015

20150044578

BINDERS DERIVED FROM POLYAMIC ACIDS FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS - Described are binder precursor compositions for cathodes containing polyamic acid which has a anhydride to amine ratio of greater than or equal to 0.985:1 to less than or equal to 1.10:1. These compositions are useful as cathodes in electrochemical cells, such as lithium ion batteries. Also described are electrodes comprising the binder precursor compositions and methods to prepare the electrodes.