Recently, the Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG) has initiated several urban redevelopment projects to revitalize the downtown well equipped for transit oriented development (TOD). Since, TOD should incur higher density development in our context, it has negative impacts on travel patterns, congestion, and urban environmental quality. The purpose of this study is to develop new transportation service index which can facilitate higher density TOD. This study includes relevant foreign case studies, the development of multimodal transportation index, and the impact analysis of TOD when it is applied in the downtown Seoul. In chapter III, it developed a so-called ITLOS, new multimodal transportation service index which shows the possibility of accommodating further development by integrating roadway service index with public transportation service index. The study sets ten policy scenarios by varying densities, and run the Seoul Congestion Management Model (SECOMM) to estimate the sustainable transportation impacts of TOD in the downtown. Travel speed index that only represents the availability of road capacity for development reveal that higher density development in the downtown can deteriorate traffic congestion while improving region-wide transportation level of service in Seoul. Also, it is proved that higher density development is more feasible when using ITLOS as the index because it considers not only available road capacity but subway capacity in the analysis area.

Currently, existing car following models among several basic systems of advanced vehicle systems are almost developed related to the physical relation between two vehicles except for the driver's behavior or environmental factors. But the consideration of driver's character and environmental factors on driving are very essential factors for actual application. Hence, we suggested calibrating the degree of driver's discomfort on driving that is the former study to develop a new car following model of advanced vehicle to use in actuality. The degree of driver's discomfortness (Measure-of-Alarmness; MOA)is measured related to the relationship between the following vehicle and the preceding vehicle, the environmental factors and driver's characters in ubiquitous traffic. We made up questions to drivers to obtain the general and the objective measurement of driver's MOA. And the fuzzy logic model for measurement of MOA was constructed based on the results of survey. We verified the suitability of fuzzy logic model through the computation of MOA with several scenarios. And we measured the quantitative degree of driver's discomfortness on car following related to several factors which affect drivers. In accordance with this study, development of car following model applying driver's MOA will promote the actual application of advanced vehicle more effectively than the existing models. Finally, we thought the measurement of driver's MOA will be applied significantly to evaluate safety and comfort of drivers on driving.

To respond to years-long economic decline in the downtown Seoul, it is necessary to lay out a scheme revitalizing downtown economy. It is called Wanavi and Shonavi system. When customers do shopping, it is the "Shonavi" that provides shopping information such as popular shop name, location, and commodity price to walkers in a real-time base. In addition, the walking navigation system called "Wanavi" is designed to provide access information for walking shoppers, the function of which is similar to car navigation system. The "Wanavi" can help walkers find the fastest, comfortable and attractive pedestrian route and public transportation information reaching to the destination in the downtown. In this study, we propose GPA & RFID mixed system as a communication technique to activate "Shonavi" and "Wanavi" system. The "Shonavi" and "Wanavi" system will be one of the ways to revitalize depressed downtown economy in Seoul.

The Korean society has been changed to the aging one. The number of elderly people has been in creasing rapidly. For their social and economic activity, more convenient transport services have to be offered. Specifically, increasing mobility is one of the most urgent policies for them. One action of the policy in Seoul has introduced low floor buses since 2003. This paper shows how low floor buses affect on passengers' boarding and alighting time through the field survey. In the analysis of the survey results it has been found that the low floor buses can reduce average boarding time by 0.8 sec, especially, by 1.1 sec (about 36%) for elderly passengers. These outcomes expect total bus operating hours as well as headways could be reduced, and operating cost and passengers' waiting time could be saved.

This paper mainly deals with the performance evaluation of 33 asphalt sections of Korea Expressway Corporation Test Road (KECTR) during the past four years. Since the construction of the KECTR in December 2002, key performance indicators of asphalt pavements have been collected five times with an Automatic Road Analyzer (ARAN), and have been analyzed for permanent deformation, surface distress, and road roughness. Linear viscoelastic characteristics of four dense graded HMAs used in KECTR were investigated with a series of complex modulus test. The effect of air void in HMAs on dynamic modulus was investigate at two air void contents for a surface course HMA (19 mm Nominal Maximum Size of Aggregate). Layer densification due to traffic was estimated from air void contents of field cored samples, and was correlated with pavement distresses and performances. One of findings of this study was that both permanent deformation and cracking were suspectible to pavement temperatures, rather than traffic. However, it was found that road roughness was mostly affected by traffic loading.

The objective of this research was to develop a VEPCD (ViscoElastoPlastic Continuum Damage) Model which is used to predict the behavior of asphalt concrete under various loading and temperature conditions. This paper presents the VEPCD model formulated in a tension mode and its validation using four hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures: dense-graded HMA, SBS, CR-TB, and Terpolymer. Modelling approaches consist of two components: the ViscoElastic Continuum Damage (VECD) mechanics and the ViscoPlastic (VP) theory. The VECD model was to describe the time-dependent behavior of HMA with growing damage. The irrecoverable (whether time-dependent or independent) strain has been described by the VP model. Based on the strain decomposition principle, these two models are integrated to form the VEPCD model. For validating the VEPCD model, two types of laboratory tests were performed: 1) a constant crosshead strain rate tension test, 2) a fatigue test with randomly selected load levels and frequencies.

Joint of concrete pavement contributes to improvement of pavement performance by preventing occurrence of random cracking due to drying shrinkage and temperature changes of concrete slabs at early age. However, saw-cutting operations performed prior to sufficient concrete hardening develop micro-cracking of the concrete near the joints, which may develop to long-term distresses due to repetitious traffic and environmental loadings. To reduce the distresses, the joint crack inducers with heights of 100 mm, 150 mm, and 220 mm and the joint cracking slots with various depth were installed at a test section to investigate occurrence of the joint cracks and their behaviors over 5 months. As the results, higher efficiency of the crack inducing and larger behavior of the joint cracks were observed for the taller joint crack inducer. Higher efficiency of the crack inducing and improvement of the joint performance are warranted by additional investigation and reformation of the joint crack inducer.

Heavy equipment is a very important factor for successful construction implementation. Also, the cost for heavy equipment is a major part of construction cost. Therefore, the estimation of equipment cost is a critical job in the construction planning phase. A formula for production rates shown in 'Standard Unit Labor' has been used to estimate construction equipment capability per hour and cost. Although the performance of equipment has been improved, the efficiency rates in the formula are not updated lately. Therefore, this research performed several site visits to measure construction equipment working time and then calculates the efficiency rates for hydraulic backhoe, loader, and dump truck. The results show that the measured efficiencies of backhoe and loader are higher than current ones and vice versa for dump truck. This research proposes the needs for a standardized calculation formula and systematic and long-term data collection and measurement for updating efficiency rates for heavy equipment.

Hereafter, the domestic housing industry has to give consequence to the redevelopment and rebuilding of existing housings rather than the supply by developing a new building site, and now those tendencies are rapidly spreading out. Also, because apartment buildings occupies 50% over of the existing housing, its maintenance, repair, remodeling and reconstruction got to be necessary area for the slumming prevention of a residential area and the disaster prevention occurred by durability lowering of the building. Accordingly, C&D waste is rising largely by reason of demolition works in city is increasing. The right management of C&D waste is being one of very important things, but little research has been conducted to estimate correctly C&D waste. In this study is to suggest standard units of C&D waste which can estimate demolition quantity of apartment. This units can estimate easily and correctly C&D waste in demolition works, also can possible use very important material to carry out policy of national waste management.

This study establishes the model to estimate a work time and a machine equipment combination in a NATM tunnel. Also it includes the increasing rate of haulage distance in the model for to make near to reality model. A simulation model focuses on the mucking process which affects the work effectiveness very highly to plan of machine use in tunneling operation. With the analysis of work effectiveness through tunnel simulation model, it is defined the problem of planning phase. Also it shows the optimal working time and efficiency of machine used through change the number of dump truck and haulage distance.

Domestic construction industry that accounts for nearly 17.5 percent of GDP is one of the major industries that has been leading domestic economy development. However, accumulated negative image such as corruption, fraudulent work and 3D industries shadowing the remarkable achievement is rampant. In order to improve the image for construction industry, this research investigated various cases and activities related to the image enhancement. Cases analyzed include activities of National Center for Construction Education and Research (NCCER) and Construction Industry Training Board (CITB) such as 'Build Your Future', 'Construct My Future', 'Positive Image 2004', and so on. Based on the analysis results, a strategic framework to improve the image of Korean construction industry was proposed. It is envisioned that improved image of the industry will positively affect the growth of the construction industry by attracting more qualified human resources.

Private financing is playing an increasing role in public infrastructure construction projects worldwide. However, private investors/operators are exposed to the financial risk of low profitability due to the inaccurate estimation of facility demand, operation income, maintenance costs, etc. From the operator's perspective, a sound and thorough financial feasibility study is required to establish the appropriate capital structure of a project. Operators tend to reduce the equity amount to minimize the level of risk exposure, while creditors persist to raise it, in an attempt to secure a sufficient level of financial involvement from the operators. Therefore, it is important for creditors and operators to reach an agreement for a balanced capital structure that synthetically considers both profitability and repayment capacity. This paper presents an optimal capital structure model for successful private infrastructure investment. This model finds the optimized point where the profitability is balanced with the repayment capacity, with the use of the concept of utility function and multi-objective GA (Generic Algorithm)-based optimization. A case study is presented to show the validity of the model and its verification. The research conclusions provide a proper capital structure for privately-financed infrastructure projects through a proposed multi-objective model.

Nowaday, the local governments eager to change their transport system aiming for public transport oriented one. However, it is more important to change the land use system in the catchment areas of public transport in order to enhance its usage sustainably for the long run. This research aims to seek maximal spatial extent of the catchment areas of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway in consideration of its urban spatial structure in order to accommodate the potential users living around the subway stations. For this task the empirical data of the household travel survey for the Seoul Metropolitan Area conducted 2002 were analysed. It was founded that the walking access times to the subway stations, which can represent their spatial extents, are related to their travel times, but differently according to their given positions in the urban spatial structure. The characteristics of subway commuters also affect them with the conditions. It is to be expected that the results of this research can contribute to an enhancement of its usage by applying to land-use policies of the catchment areas.

Along with the development in cutting-edge digital technology, the street space is also being changed. Mobile telecommunication units and internet give a big change in a human being's lifestyle. And the ubiquitous computing is proceeding with expanding its application range from the indoor space to the street space. As the street furniture is the convenient facility that allows a human being's life in street space to be abundant, it is getting advanced. First of all, in terms of such phenomenon, this study analyzed the cases of a research on application of street space and the actual condition of a change in the number of individuals for the street furniture, through a literature research of ubiquitous. Also, it researched into the realities of using the street furniture of the walking-desired streets at Daehac-ro and Hongdae district, where are two representative places related to digital generation. The next was carried out FGI (Focus Group Interview) with users of the street space in front of Hongik University and managers of the street furniture, and was researched into the use & management behavior, and recognition level on the street furniture. Thus, the key elements were extracted such as interchange of information for cultural activities, automation for interaction variability in function. Finally the core elements for future vision of street furniture in this digital era were extracted in 3I, namely, Information, Intellectualization, and Integration. This is considered to be applied to the establishment of direction in the process of high-tech digitalization in street furniture related to information hereafter.

The CBDs of major cities in Korea have been deteriorating because of the hollowing-out phenomenon caused by decades-long urban sprawl. The weakening of CBD triggered various efforts to revitalize the area; and several cities have launched regeneration policies in recent years. The purpose of this study is to investigate key factors to revitalize CBD area with reference to various experiences of foreign and domestic countries. This study consists of follows. At first, it analyzes theoretic backgrounds of urban regeneration such as new urbanism; and implements case studies of England, USA, and Japan with respect to their relevant laws and policies. Second, it investigates domestic cases of so-called Newtown projects being implemented in Seoul and Dajeon. We focused on the analysis of strategies and characteristics of housing redevelopment as well as regional center revitalization projects happening in these cites. Lastly, we proposed future directions of urban regeneration in Korea based upon the comparative studies of various cases discussed in this study. The study concludes that diverse efforts in terms of project implementation, planning, and money raise are required for successful urban regeneration in Korea.