Three major publishers of scientific, technical, and medical materials have filed suit against Custom Copies, Inc., and its president Kenneth F. Roberts, both of Gainesville, Florida. The suit charges the defendants with unauthorized mass photocopying of material from the publishers' books and journals. The publishers are Elsevier Science, Inc., The MIT Press, and John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The publishers' complaint, filed in federal district court in Gainesville, alleges that Custom Copy produces coursepacks for sale on the campus of the University of Florida at Gainesville, without authorization from the copyright holders. Coursepacks are inexpensively bound collections of excerpts copied from books, journals, and other printed materials. The excerpts are required reading for college and university courses. Teachers designate what materials to copy but the copy shop cannot reproduce and sell them without permission from the rightsholders. The suit accuses Custom Copies and Roberts of knowingly failing to get permission. The matter is being coordinated by Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), a licenser of text reproduction rights and a licensing agent for all three publishers. CCC facilitates the reproduction of copyrighted works by providing licenses and permissions to many coursepack producers, including private copy shops, college and university print centers, and other users of copyrighted materials. In exchange, copyright royalties are collected and then distributed to the appropriate publishers, authors, or other rightsholders.