Engineering and manufacturing industries

Antenna design is based on the method of moments

Article Abstract:

An antenna system for cellular base stations has been designed to deliver a appropriate beam shaping and beam squinting for effective coverage of cell area. Based on the method of moments in conjunction with image theory, the array of flat dipole elements are placed above a ground plane, and provide operation across the 800-MHz to 960-MHz bandwidth, when configured in a fabricated collinear array. The design process specifically resulted in the configuration of an eight-element array, with a beam squint of 4.0 deg; gain of 15 dBd; E-plane 3-dB bandwidth of 7.5 deg; and H-plane 3-dB bandwidth of 60 deg.

Comment:

Antenna sys for cellular base stations is designed for proper beam shaping/beam squinting for effective coverage of cell area

Averaging methods influence spectrum-analyzer accuracy

Article Abstract:

Accurate measurement of digitally modulated channels may be guaranteed with the use of a spectrum analyzer with root-mean-square (RMS) detection capability. This assertion has been indicated by a numerical simulation, in collaboration with spectrum-analyzer measurements conducted on a Guassian minimum-shift keying modulated signal. It is thus recommended that a spectrum analyzer capable of averaging over the power of the detected signal, is requierd to precisely measure the power spectrum for a digitally modulated signal.