Design Patterns : State Pattern

State Pattern is share a lot of similarities with Strategy Pattern, but has its own fundamental differences as well. The State pattern allows to change the behavior of a method, depending on the state of an object, in other words it encapsulates the behavior dependent on the state (the What). This is different from the Strategy Pattern which encapsulates the algorithm (the How).

As always, let’s begin by writing a code that showcases the issues faced when we are not using State Pattern.

The switch case exposes the most obvious flaw of this approach, we need to alter the class to add a new state, which is a clear violation of the Open Closed Principle. This is where the State Pattern comes into play, which gives a separate behavior for DoOperation method for different states of Object.