a.Based on 1894 Act
preserving Yellowstone National Park’s birds and animals; prohibited four
non-native species: mongoose, fruit bats, English sparrows and starlings; “let
us now give an example of wide conservation of what remains of the gifts of
nature”

b.Amendments of 1981 (16 USC
3371) includes “due care” when it comes to any imported wood products; includes
fish for first time

b.Section 3: Permits for
excavation needed on federal lands or use of federal funds

c.Section 3: "Gatherings shall be made for permanent preservation in
public museums.”

d.Also, allows the President to use an EO “to declare by public
proclamation historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and other
objects of historic or scientific interest;” only Congress can establish a
national park.

5)Materials Act of 1947—30
USC 601

a.As amended

b.Section 601: “to take and
remove, without charge, materials and resources

subject to this subchapter, for
use other than for commercial or industrial purposes or resale.”

6)Reservoir Salvage Act of
1960 (RSA)—16 USC 469

a.“Vast quantities of archeological collections came into repositories in
the 1960s and early 1970s because of this law”

b.“This law requires a written agreement from a
repository for curation before issuing a permit for an archeological
investigation on federal or tribal land;” hence, identification of a receptive
repository is essential, or simply fewer cultural objects will be collected in
the field.

b.Deals with collection
inventorying (i.e., creation of inventories) and deaccessioning, “NAGPRA has
forced many repositories to identify owners of objects and to repatriate items
to appropriate tribes.”

c.Gives burial and “bundles”
protection; requires consultations

d.Granting programs for
collection care and rehabilitation

13)Paleontological Resources
Preservation under the Omnibus Public Lands Act of 2009—16 USC 470aaa

a.Permit required for
collecting?

Note: President
Richard Nixon created the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on 2
December 1970 by issuing an Executive Order entitled “Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970” as such the EPA administers the Clean
Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA), the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act (CERCLA—also known as the "Superfund" Program), the Toxic
Substances Control Act (TOSCA), and the Nuclear Waste Policy Act (NWPA). Also
note that 36 CFR 79 applies to the PAA of 1906, RSA of 1960, the NHPA of 1966, and the ARPA
of 1979 and requires written records, security, and inspections, so that more
than 35 states have guidelines written by Society for Historical Archaeology
while the Council for the Preservation of Anthropological Records (CoPAR) is
working on increased access to written records. Data standards have been
developed by the International Documentation Committee of the International
Council of Museums (CIDOC).It must be
obvious that American archeology is a negotiated science these days.

SOURCES: If not
otherwise cited, all quotations come from the US Fish & Wildlife Service or
the NPS Archeology Program, if not from the cited law per se.