This report analyses procurement rules and regulations in Mexico's state-owed petroleum company (PEMEX) and makes policy recommendations to promote competition and fight bid rigging in accordance with international best practices.

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Mexico has partnered with the OECD to improve its procurement practices and step up its fight against bid rigging. In January 2011, Mexico's Social Security Department became the first public agency in Mexico (and in the world) to formally commit to adopt and implement the OECD Competition Committee’s Guidelines for Fighting Bid Rigging in Public Procurement.

In the framework of a project with the Mexican Ministry of Economy, this report provides an overview of international experiences and best practices regarding the role of courts in the implementation of competition policy. It presents different institutional designs, the role of courts, courts specialisation and their benefits as well as their relationship with other government bodies and stakeholders.

In the framework of an OECD project with the Mexican Ministry of Economy, this manual provides guidance on how to carry out an inquiry or examination into a particular market when there is a suspicion or indication that a market is not functioning well. It explains what market examinations are as well as their purposes, intended outcomes and substantive content.

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Competitive neutrality means that state-owned and private businesses compete on a level playing field. This is essential for the effective use of resources within the economy and thus the achievement of growth and development. While the principle of competitive neutrality is gaining wide support around the world, obtaining it in practice is a much more difficult question.

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An estimated 22% of the world’s largest firms are now effectively under state control, this is the highest percentage in decades. These firms are likely to remain a prominent feature of the global marketplace in the near future. The upsurge of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) as global competitors has given rise to concerns related to a level playing field. Some business competitors and observers claim that preferential treatment granted by governments to SOEs in return for public policy obligations carried out at home can give SOEs a competitive edge in their foreign expansion. The OECD has taken a multidisciplinary approach, looking at the issue from the competition, investment, corporate governance and trade policy perspectives. The report aims to sort fact from fiction, and develop a stronger understanding, based on empirical evidence, on how to address growing policy concerns with regard to SOE internationalisation. The report concludes that although there is no clear evidence of systematic abusive behaviour by SOE investors, frictions need to be addressed, in view of keeping the global economy open to trade and investment.

Competition law offenders are often subject to fines (civil, administrative or criminal). The 2016 Global Forum on Competition addressed how sanctions including fines are applied in various jurisdictions.

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Competition authorities independence from political power is a key element of effective enforcement of competition law. The 2016 Global Forum on Competition discussed the issue of the independence of competition authorities at its meeting on 1-2 December 2016.