Basic terminology (1) I A Random Experiment is an experiment for which the outcome cannot be predicted with certainty. I The Sample Space , usually denoted by the letter S , is the collection of all possible outcomes. I A random variable X is a function on the sample space S : for ω ∈ S , X ( ω ) ∈ < . 3 / 12

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I An event A is a subset of the sample space S . I If the outcome of a random experiment is in A , we say event A has occured . I If we repeat a random experiment n times, we deﬁne Relative Frequency of an event A in these n repititions of the experiments the ratio of the number of times A has occured to the number of repititions n of the experiment. This gives a ﬁrst intuition of the probability of the event A: P(A)= #(A)/n. 4 / 12

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