Each WebGL example applies a normal map to a capsule.
Swipe to rotate the capsule. One example
processes lighting in the vertex shader.
The other example processes lighting in the fragment shader.

Vertex Versus Fragment Shader Processing

Processing within the vertex shader usually
runs faster than processing within the fragment shader.
However the
fragment shader
appears smoother.
Both examples use the sametexture,
normal map,
vertex, and texel coordinates.

The vertex shader runs once for each vertex used to display the capsule.
The fragment shader usually runs more often, providing a higher level of detail,
for each fragment.