Bashir signs deal with rebels

February 23, 2010 12:00 am

By , DOHA, Feb 23 – Sudan and Darfur\’s main rebel group were to sign a ceasefire and power-sharing agreement on Tuesday although a final peace deal still needs backing from other armed factions.

Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) leader Khalil Ibrahim and Sudan\’s President Omar al-Bashir were in Doha for the signing ceremony, along with the leaders of Qatar and Chad who facilitated talks between the two sides.

On Saturday, representatives of the Khartoum government and the JEM inked a framework agreement in Chad proclaiming a "ceasefire" in the seven-year-old Darfur conflict.

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Sudan has long accused Chad of aiding the rebels, while Ndjamena accused Khartoum of backing its own rebel groups, but their two presidents were reconciled in Khartoum this month, setting the stage for the Darfur accord.

The 12-point accord offers the JEM, long-seen as Darfur\’s most heavily armed rebel group, a power-sharing role in Sudan where its first presidential and legislative polls in 24 years are to be held in April.

Article three states that the Sudanese government and the JEM agreed on "the participation of the JEM at all levels of powers (executive, legislative …)," according to a copy of the accord seen by AFP.

The two sides also agreed that the JEM would become "a political party as soon as the final agreement is signed between the two parties" by March 15, the fourth article of the document says.

The first signing of the agreement in Chad at the weekend has been seen as a key step towards ending seven years of war and devastation in the Darfur region of western Sudan.

The conflict has claimed about 300,000 lives and displaced 2.7 million people, according to UN figures, since it broke out in February 2003. Sudan puts the death toll at 10,000.

But it has also seen a splintering of rebel groups, fighting against the marginalisation of their region, into small factions, making efforts to seal a lasting peace in the troubled region a massive task.

A ceasefire with the JEM would close the most active front in Darfur, but smaller rebel groups such as the faction of the Sudanese Liberation Army of France-based exile Abdelwahid Nur have refused to enter talks with Khartoum.

One of the smaller factions, the JEM-Democracy, also has turned its back on the accord, saying it was biased.

On Monday, Sudan\’s president said the ceasefire deal with JEM marks the "start of the end of the war in Darfur, and hoped for a "comprehensive peace" ahead of the April polls.

This year will "mark a new Sudan, stable and peaceful, a united Sudan, by the will of its people," Bashir said.

Washington has hailed the ceasefire deal as a "significant move" towards formal negotiations due to resume in Qatar, which has been hosting talks between Khartoum and Darfur rebels with UN and African Union officials.

"We encourage all parties to the conflict to continue working toward a comprehensive agreement that includes the other major armed movements and civil society representatives," State Department spokesman Philip Crowley said.

Bashir\’s adviser on Darfur, Ghazi Salaheddine, who inked the framework accord with JEM leader Khalil on Saturday, has also said he hoped other rebel groups would enter talks with Khartoum.

This arrangement "does not exclude other movements specially those who come to the Doha process, we are open to them," he said.

The framework accord calls for the JEM and Khartoum to "launch immediate discussions to reach a (final) agreement."

In 2008, a JEM assault on the Sudanese capital brought it to just across the Nile from the presidential palace in the first ever such offensive by a Sudanese rebel group. The fighting cost at least 220 deaths.