Founded in 1753, Salisbury (SAULS-bur-y) was settled by Scot-Irish and German immigrants. It quickly became a trading, cultural and judicial center because of its location at the junction of two much-traveled routes. At different times during 1781 the city served as headquarters for the British general Lord Charles Cornwallis and Patriot general Nathanael Greene.

Salisbury was the site of one of the largest prison camps maintained by Confederate forces. About 5,000 Union soldiers died there and are buried in Salisbury National Cemetery, 202 Government Rd. One of the historic district's highlights is the Dr. Josephus Hall House, 226 S. Jackson St., the former home of the prison surgeon.

Civil War battles in 1865 destroyed most of the town, but the Rowan County Courthouse escaped damage. Styled after a Greek temple, it houses the Rowan Museum, which contains regional history exhibits; phone (704) 633-5946. Other historic buildings are the Thyatira Presbyterian Church, Grimes Mill and the Old Stone House.

The visitor center offers an audio driving tour covering the Salisbury Confederate Prison Site and National Cemetery, and a guided audio walking tour and brochure that describe the town's historic district. A driving tour brochure describing the African-American Heritage Trail also is available.

Shopping

The Salisbury Emporium, 230 E. Kerr St., is a collection of more than 85 shops and galleries housed in the historic Frick Building. The merchandise includes art, antiques, books, furniture, garden accessories and military memorabilia.