Big Bang Theory Practical Report

Year 10 Science

Practical Report

Big Bang Theory

Introduction

According to the scientific community, all the matter in the universe began in a very tiny, hot and compacted point. But what exactly caused this point to become the universe we know today? The "big bang" theory is the popular explanation for where the galaxies, stars and planets came from. At the moment of the big bang, the hot, compact point began expanding like a balloon, rather than an actual explosion like most people believe. As the point of matter expanded, it cooled, contracted and formed stars and galaxies, like our solar system and the Milky Way. This suggests that big bang explains the expansion of space ...

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between galaxies using Cepheids, a type of variable star. By observing the light spectrum in these galaxies, he discovered that the light was distorted in a way known as "red shift". This meant that the light rays were longer, and appeared redder than expected. When Hubble plotted redshift against distance, he found that the redshift of distant galaxies increased as a linear function of their distance. The only explanation for this observation was that the universe was expanding.

Scientists believe that since the Big Bang the universe has been constantly expanding, but the rate at which is it expanding is unclear. The big bang theory remains a theory because the evidence available only traces what we can see from our place in the universe back through time, which could be incomplete.

Aim

This practical will attempt to replicate the Big Bang and the expansion of the universe. To do this, the experiment will use a balloon to represent the universe and its galaxies, ...

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* Measurement method: to ensure that all the results are as accurate as possible a measuring tape will be used instead of a ruler. This is because the tape can follow the curve of the balloon and give a more accurate result. The measurement will be taken from the same point each time as well as two people measuring to make sure that the results can be confirmed.

* The Balloon pump: to ensure that the same amount of air is pumped into the balloon, a balloon pump will be used.

* Balloon: each time the experiment is conducted the balloon will be the same. If the experiment were conducted three times with the same balloon the results would be unfair as the ...

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