"If I, for once, shall get rid of these great pains, I shall become a houseless monk, calm, restrained, and ceasing to act. (32)

"While I thought so, I fell asleep, O ruler of men; and after that night my pains had vanished. (33)

"Then in the morning of the next day I took leave of my relations and became a houseless monk, calm, restrained, and ceasing to act. (34)

"Thus I became the protector of myself and of others besides, of all living beings, whether they move or not. (35)

"My own Self is the river Vaitaranî, my own Self the Sâlmalî tree 1; my own Self is the miraculous cow Kâmaduh, my own Self the park Nandana. (36)

"My own Self is the doer and undoer of misery and happiness; my own Self, friend and foe, according as I act well or badly. (37)

"But there is still another want of protection, O king; hear, therefore, O king, attentively with concentrated thoughts, how some easily discouraged men go astray after having adopted the Law of the Nirgranthas 2. (38)

"If an ordained monk, through carelessness, does not strictly keep the great vows, if he does not restrain himself, but desires pleasure, then his fetters will not be completely cut off. (39)

"One who does not pay constant attention to his walking, his speaking, his begging, his receiving and keeping (of things necessary for a monk), and his

"One who for a long time wears a shaven crown and mortifies himself, but who is careless with regard to the vows, and neglects penance and self-control, will not be a winner in the battle (of life). (4t)

"He is empty like a clenched 2 fist, (of no value) like an uncoined 3 false Kârshâpana or like a piece of glass resembling turquoise, he is held lightly by men of discernment. (42)

"He who has the character of a sinner, though he lays great stress on the outward signs of his calling 4 as a means of living; he who does not control himself, though he pretends to do so; will come to grief for a long time. (43)

"As the poison Kâlakûta kills him who drinks it; as a weapon cuts him who awkwardly handles it; as a Vêtâla kills him who does not lay him; so the Law harms him who mixes it up with sensuality. (44)

"He who practises divination from bodily marks and dreams, who is well versed in augury and superstitious rites, who gains a sinful living by practising magic tricks 5, will have no refuge at the time (of retribution). (45)

to darkness, to utter misery; the unholy man who breaks the rules of monks, rushes, as it were, to hell, and to be born again as a brute. (46)

"He who accepts forbidden alms, viz. such food as he himself asks for, as has been bought for his sake, or as he gets regularly (as by right and custom), who like fire devours everything, will go to hell from here, after having sinned. (47)

"A cut-throat enemy will not do him such harm as his own perversity will do him; the man without pity will feel repentance in the hour of death. (48)

"In vain he adopts nakedness, who errs about matters of paramount interest; neither this world nor the next will be his; he is a loser in both respects in the world. (49)

"Thus the self-willed sinner who leaves the road of the highest Ginas, who with the appetite of an osprey is desirous of pleasure, will grieve in useless sorrow. (50)

"A wise man who hears this discourse, an instruction full of precious wisdom, and who deserts every path of the wicked, should walk the road of the great Nirgranthas. (51)

"He who possesses virtuous conduct and life, who has practised the best self-control, who keeps from sinful influences 1, and who has destroyed his Karman, will reach (in the end) the greatest, best, and permanent place (viz. mukti)," (52)

Thus the austere and calm, great ascetic and great sage who kept great vows and possessed great fame, preached at great length this great sermon: the great duty of the Nirgranthas. (53)

And king Srênika, pleased, spoke thus: 'You have truly shown what it is to be without protection. (54)

'You have made the best use of human birth, you have made a true gain, O great sage, you are a protector (of mankind at large) and of your relations, for you have entered the path of the best Ginas. (55)

'You are the protector of all unprotected beings, O ascetic; I ask you to forgive me: I desire you to put me right. (56)

'That by asking you I have disturbed your meditation, and that I invited you to enjoy pleasures, all this you must forgive me.' (57)

When the lion of kings had thus, with the greatest devotion, praised the lion of houseless monks, he, together with his wives, servants, and relations, became a staunch believer in the Law, with a pure mind. (58)

The ruler of men, with the hair on his body joyfully erected, bowed his head (to the monk), keeping him on his right side, and departed. (59)

And the other, rich in virtues, protected by the three Guptis, and abstaining from injuring (living beings) in the three ways (viz. by thought, words, and acts), travelled about on the earth, free like a bird, and exempt from delusion. (60)

Thus I say.

Footnotes

100:1 Atthadhammagaim = arthadharmagati. I think this equal to artha dharma môksha, though the commentators offer a different explanation by making gati mean gñâna. The phrase is derived from the typical expression kâmârthadharmamôksha by leaving out kâma, which of course could not be admitted by ascetics.

100:2 He is identical with Bimbisâra of the Buddhists; see my edition of the Kalpa Sûtra, introduction, p. 2.

100:3 The following verses prove that kaitya denotes park here as the word is explained by the scholiast in IX, 9.

101:2 The verb is wanting in this verse, and there is an apparent tautology in the words as they now stand. This is an obvious mark of a corruption in the text, which, however, I do not know how to remove by a plausible conjecture.

102:1 Pottham or pokkham. The commentators are at a loss to give an etymology of this word, or rather have a choice of them to offer, which comes to the same thing, and proves that nothing certain was known. If potthâ is the correct form, it may be derived from pra + ut + sthâ, and mean 'origin;' if pokkhâ or pukka is the right spelling it is prikkhâ, and may mean 'etymology.'

102:2 Purâna purabhêdanî. As usual the commentators give a purely etymological explanation. But it is obvious that purabhêdana must have a similar meaning as purandara = Indra, or purabhid Siva. The latter word occurs in later literature only, and, besides, Siva does not yet seem to have been generally acknowledged as the supreme god, when and where the Gaina Sûtras were composed. The Vedic word pûrbhid, 'destroyer of castles,' also presents itself as an analogy; though it is not yet the exclusive epithet of a god, it is frequently applied to Indra.

102:3 To render antarikkha or antarittha. The Guzeratî translation renders it hriday a.

103:1Kâuppâya = Katuhpâda. Four branches of medical science are intended.