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When used as a reflexive pronoun, direct and indirect, themselves is translated by si, which is always placed before the verb: they are enjoying themselves = si stanno divertendo; they have hurt themselves = si sono fatti male. - When used as an emphatic to stress the corresponding personal pronoun, the translation is loro stessi (masculine or mixed gender) / loro stesse (feminine gender) or anche loro: they did it themselves = l'hanno fatto loro stessi; they are strangers here themselves = anche loro sono forestieri da queste parti. - When used after a preposition, themselves is translated by sé or se stessi/se stesse: they can be proud of themselves = possono essere fieri di sé/se stessi. - (All) by themselves is translated by da soli/da sole, which means alone and/or without help. - For particular usages see below.