There are a number of sites available to investigate either a Psammosere, Halosere or Hydrosere. The day will involve looking at the key features of the stages of succession. Measuring the abiotic and edaphic factors. Identifying pioneer species and plant specialists and their adaptations. Field techniques will be undertaken and the limitations associated with the methods discussed. The management undertaken to conserve plaigioclimax communities and seral stages will be identified.

Geography: AQA Ecosystems: Change and Challenge (3)
Nature of ecosystems.Ecosystems in the British Isles over time.Ecosystem issues on a local scale: impact of human activity. Changes in ecosystems.A level.