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Indostar 1 (Cakrawarta 1)

Orbital built the IndoStar-1 or Cakrawarta 1
satellite for Media Citra Indovision to deliver the first direct-to-home (DTH) satellite
television to Indonesia, the world's fourth most populous county.

IndoStar-1 is the world's first commercial communications satellite to use S-band
frequencies, which efficiently penetrate the atmosphere and provide high-quality
transmissions to small-diameter antennas in regions that experience heavy rainfall such as
Indonesia. Similar performance is not economically feasible with comparable Ku- or C-band
DTH satellite systems since more power is required in these bands to penetrate the moist
atmosphere.

Under the $175 million contract, Orbital served as the prime contractor for the
turn-key system, including the space, ground and user segments. Specifically, Orbital provided:

The complete INDOVISION satellite television broadcasting system, including total system
engineering

Coordination of activities for the Ariane 4 launch

The ground station for spacecraft telemetry, tracking, control and monitoring

Design and engineering management of the integrated receiver and decoder units

Subscriber management and conditional access security systems

Complete program risk management, system operations and maintenance

Due to a failed power regulator, two of the satellite's five transponders cannot be
used whenever the satellite is eclipsed by the Earth. During these periods, only 80
percent of the required power are available. The life span of the satellite might be
reduced to seven years from a planned 14 years. Insurers paid US$25 million in damages.