Slide image: Line graph comparing the number of S&E doctorate recipients (in thousands) from 1989 to 2009 between U.S. citizens and permanent residents versus temporary visa holders.
U.S. citizens and permanent residents went from 15,206 in 1989 to 20,950 in 2009.
Temporary visa holders went from 5,539 in 1989 to 12,547 in 2009.