Risk Factors

Having cancer is the main risk factor for cancer pain.

Symptoms

Any type of pain experienced by someone with cancer can be considered cancer pain. The pain may be near or far from the location of the tumor. The intensity can vary. It may be chronic or off and on. The pain can be described as pressure, sharp, dull, throbbing, burning, stabbing, and achy.

Diagnosis

Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. Special tests may also be done to determine possible causes of the pain.

Imaging tests evaluate bodily structures to find the source of pain, such as bone fractures and lesions. These may include:

Treatment

Talk with your doctor about the best plan for you. Your plan will depend on the type of pain you are having. It will also depend on how your cancer has been treated. Medications to treat cancer pain include:

Non-opioids

To treat mild to moderate cancer pain:

Acetaminophen

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Opioids

Weak or strong opioids are often used to treat moderate to severe cancer pain.

Other Medications

Antidepressants, anti-epileptics, and steroids may be effective in relieving certain types of cancer pain. These types of medication may be of benefit if the pain is thought to be related to the central nervous system. This type of pain may be called either neuopathic or central.

Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy
can be used to relieve bone pain. It can also help relieve pain caused by tumors compressing other structures.

Alternative Treatments

Acupuncture
may be helpful in reducing cancer-related pain. Talk to your doctor to see if this is a good option for you.

Prevention

Cancer pain usually cannot be prevented, but it can be managed.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.