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A fire detection and alarm systems (FDAS) typically consists of a processer unit, which receives signals from detection and activation functions such as smoke and heat detectors and activation of manual call points. After analysis of the incoming signals, the status of the system is indicated via the user interface and the appropriate outputs are initiated such as the activation of sounders/beacons, signals to the alarm receiving centre, or signals to activate protection devices such as extinguishing systems.

The development of FDAS components has been driven by new technology, the growth in microprocessor power at low prices, new legislative requirements and user specifications. Different types of FDAS are now available on the market and the selection of the appropriate system will depend on a number of factors including: