The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Illiniza.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Illiniza.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Synonyms

Ilinitza | Iliniza

Cones

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Illiniza Norte

Stratovolcano

5126 m

0° 38' 44" S

78° 43' 5" W

Illiniza Sur

Stratovolcano

5248 m

0° 39' 34" S

78° 42' 49" W

Domes

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Pilongo

Dome

3935 m

Tishigcuchi
Rasuyacu

Dome

4185 m

0° 41' 0" S

78° 43' 0" W

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

LatitudeLongitude

352041

Unknown - Evidence Credible

5248 m / 17218 ft

0.659°S
78.714°W

Volcano Types

Stratovolcano Caldera Lava dome(s)

Rock Types

MajorAndesite / Basaltic AndesiteDacite

MinorRhyolite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zoneContinental crust (> 25 km)

Population

Within 5 kmWithin 10 kmWithin 30 kmWithin 100 km

535
6,034
158,371
3,941,221

Geological Summary

The twin glacier-covered peaks of Iliniza volcano form prominent landmarks west of the Interandean valley. Iliniza Norte lies 1.8 km NNW of the higher peak, 5248-m Iliniza Sur. The dominantly andesitic-to-dacitic edifice is largely, if not entirely, Pleistocene in age. However, the Tishigcuchi (Rasuyacu) lava dome on the S flank was active during the Holocene. Recent work suggests that Iliniza itself, which is substantially eroded, may have had relatively young eruptions (Hall 1987, pers. comm.). Iliniza Norte is a remnant of the main volcanic edifice, and the younger Iliniza Sur is an andesitic-dacitic stratovolcano surrounded by thick pyroclastic-flow deposits. An explosive eruption formed a small caldera, which is partially filled by a lava dome forming the summit of Iliniza Sur. Two lava domes are found on the southern and NE flanks of the complex.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

Deformation History

There is no Deformation History data available for Illiniza.

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for Illiniza.

Photo Gallery

Illiniza Sur, seen here from the Interandean valley to its east, is the highest of the twin peaks of Illiniza volcano. A lava dome on its southern flank, Rasuyacu, erupted during the Holocene. Illiniza itself may have had relatively youthful eruptions, although none have been dated.

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1978 (Smithsonian Institution).

The twin peaks of Illiniza volcano form prominent landmarks west of the Interandean Valley. Sharp-peaked, snow-covered Illiniza Sur (right) is the higher of the two peaks. It is seen here from the south with Illiniza Norte to its left. Illiniza is largely, if not entirely Pleistocene in age. However, Rasuyacu lava dome on the south flank was active during the Holocene. Recent work suggests that Illiniza itself, which is substantially eroded, may have had relatively young eruptions.

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1978 (Smithsonian Institution).

GVP Map Holdings

The maps shown below have been scanned from the GVP map archives and include the volcano on this page. Clicking on the small images will load the full 300 dpi map. Very small-scale maps (such as world maps) are not included. The maps database originated over 30 years ago, but was only recently updated and connected to our main database. We welcome users to tell us if they see incorrect information or other problems with the maps; please use the Contact GVP link at the bottom of the page to send us email.

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

External Sites

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

The Sentinel Hub Playground provides a quick look at any Sentinel-2 image in any combination of the bands and enhanced with image effects; Landsat 8, DEM and MODIS are also available. Sentinel Hub is an engine for processing of petabytes of satellite data. It is opening the doors for machine learning and helping hundreds of application developers worldwide. It makes Sentinel, Landsat, and other Earth observation imagery easily accessible for browsing, visualization and analysis. Sentinel Hub is operated by Sinergise

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Illiniza. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.

Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Illiniza. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.

The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO2 to the atmosphere, but installing CO2 monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).