Star Wars: Vader Down was announced at San Diego Comic-Con in 2015, along with an interview with authors Jason Aaron and Kieron Gillen on StarWars.com. The six-issue comic book run was conceived as a crossover event between Aaron's Star Wars and Gillen's Star Wars: Darth Vader. The two comics are told alongside each other, in the same chronological order,[1] including having both of their first arcs end with Darth Vader discovering that Luke Skywalker is his son.[7][8] By creating a crossover, the two authors were able to create what Aaron referred to as a larger and more epic movie-style event for the MarvelStar Wars comic book line. The crossover also gives them the opportunity to have characters from both series meet one another, such as DoctorAphra meeting Han Solo.[1]

The story was conceived by the two authors, who found it a joy to cross over and work with each other's characters. Their working environment allowed them to rely on one another to write the characters well, and to ask questions of one another as needed. In the story they wrote, Darth Vader faces down Rebel Alliance forces on his own. Gillen explained that it shows Vader up against the entire Alliance army and fleet, with survival his only goal. This allows Vader to be depicted as the hunted, rather than the hunter, and doing whatever it takes to survive. As a result, the writers had the opportunity to depict a dangerous Vader in a way that had not yet been canonically depicted. The story of the six-part run begins in Vader Down, Part I and continues into the Star Wars and Darth Vader series.[1]