Habitat/ecology: "Grass- and heathland, sclerophyll forests, riparian habitats, coastal scrub. Where native, this
nitrogen-fixing shrub grows commonly on heaths and wasteland.
Establishment depends on disturbance, the plant the forms extensive thickets
that crowd out native species and affect wildlife. It smothers large
shrubs and prevents establishment of native species. The shrub is
flammable and may increase fire intensities in fire-prone areas" (Weber, 2003; p. 135).

Physical: "Emerging seedlings can be hand pulled, sprayed or burned.
Cutting close to the ground may prevent resprouting. Mature plants can be
removed with a weed wrench. Repeated prescribed burning is used to deplete
the soil seed bank".

Chemical: Chemical control includes applying triclopyr mixed with an oil
surfactant to the basal bark just after flowering" (Weber, 2003; p. 135).