Extreme high vacuum (XHV) systems are characterized by very low gas pressure and a small outgassing rate of the system surfaces. The pumping techniques required to reach XHV conditions impede further ...

Extreme high vacuum (XHV) systems are characterized by very low gas pressure and a small outgassing rate of the system surfaces. Such conditions are essential for longevity of photoemitters in acceler ...

The goal of this program is to create a prototype thin film superlattice thermoelectric cooler incorporating a parasitic heat leakage path defeating vacuum break via use of a negative electron affinit ...

A fundamental issue with high average current photoelectron guns is the generation of stray electrons and ions which can damage the photoemitter. Both the photogenerated electron bunch and any field e ...

This project will result in investigation and modeling of heat flow in a Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 superlattice based thermoelectric cooler stack and the development of the series of processes for negative electr ...

A fundamental issue with high average current photoelectron guns is the generation of stray electrons and ions which can damage the photoemitter. Free electrons can potentially directly impact the ph ...

A fundamental issue with high average current photoelectron guns is the generation of stray electrons and ions which can damage the photoemitter. Both the photogenerated electron bunch and any field e ...

A fundamental issue with high-average-current photoelectron guns is the generation of stray electrons and ions which can damage the photoemitter. Ion back-bombardment of the photoemitter can alter or ...

For FEL based systems to become practical as weapons, it is necessary photoinjectors be used to generate the low emittance, high current, high peak charge electrons needed for photon production. High ...