Sultan of sound formed firm 43 years ago, yet today it thrives on the latest in iPod speaker docks, home theater systems, noise-killing headphones. Sales: $2 billion. He started repairing radios in high school to help family after WWII hurt his father's import business. Earned Ph.D. in electrical engineering from MIT, stayed on faculty. Began research in hi-fi sound. Founded Bose Corp. 1964; first contracts with NASA, U.S. military, to improve radio communications. Built brand on groundbreaking loudspeaker design. Believed to own 60% stake; wears name tag to office so employees know who he is. Enjoys badminton. Will leave fortune to independent research institute.

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