Beaver, Brucein full Bruce Victor Beaver ( born Feb. 14, 1928 , Manly, N.S.W., AustraliaAustralian Austl.—died Feb. 17, 2004 , Manly ) Australian poet, novelist, and journalist noted for his experimental forms and courageous self-examination, both of which made him one of the major forces in Australian poetry during the 1960s and ’70s.

At the age of 17 Beaver underwent the first of several periods of psychiatric treatment for manic depression. He worked at a variety of jobs before becoming a full-time freelance writer in 1964. While contributing reviews to Australian and New Zealand periodicals, he wrote the novels The Hot Spring (1965) and You Can’t Come Back (1966).

In 1966, convinced that he would soon be insane, Beaver hastily wrote his first major collection of poems, Letters to Live Poets (1969). It was, he said, an attempt at a “spiritual, intellectual, and emotional autobiography.” His later collections include Lauds and Plaints (1974), Odes and Days (1975), Death’s Directives (1978), and As It Was (1979).