--- Speech dependent--- Speaker relatedKendon (1981) categories of gestural meaning:1. Interpersonal control 2. Announcement of one’s current state of condition3. Evaluative response to the actions and appearance of another. Speech Independent GestureMANIPULATORS (Adaptors)Gestures made in manipulating or grooming another part of the body

ILLUSTRATORSGestures that help explain what one person says to another person

EMBLEMSGestures that have precise meanings separate from verbal communication

Three Functions of Gestures"Manwatching: a field guide to human behavior."---1978