***Taiwan (claimed by the PRC, controlled by the Republic of China)>The People's Republic of China (PRC), established in 1949, commonly known as China, has control over mainland China and the largely self-governing territories of Hong Kong (since 1997) and Macau (since 1999) as well as many islands.>The Republic of China (ROC) established in 1912 in mainland China, now commonly known as Taiwan, since 1945 has had control over the island of Taiwan and a few other outlying islands.