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Novell Novell Networking and Services

This chapter particulars the installation and configuration of a number of Novell Open business Server purchasers, and may function a cheat sheet for Novell OES administrators.

This chapter is from the book 
setting up/Upgrading the Novell client

Two Novell shoppers are available: one for home windows 9x and one for home windows XP/2000. Novell client information can be downloaded from http://download.novell.com and installed without delay, or copied to any easy region, akin to a network server, for setting up by means of any customer with current network access.

Use the Novell client upgrade Agent to check periodically for up to date client info. When found, the improve Agent automatically starts the client improve routine.

if you are upgrading diverse existing Novell or Microsoft shoppers for OES NetWare, that you may use the computerized customer improve (ACU) function to automate this system. place ACU instructions in a profile or container login script to observe even if the customer utility needs to be put in, and then the ACU updates the workstation automatically, if quintessential, when the consumer logs in.

To set up the Novell customer from an internet server, copy the client data to the internet server and use the WriteIP utility to create a SETUPIP executable with a view to download the Novell customer installation info from the web server and launch the customer set up events.

Configuring the Novell customer

After the Novell client is put in, that you could configure it by using the Novell client property pages. correct-click on the red N icon within the device tray and choose Novell customer homes.

To configure the login for a Novell customer user, create a login script. Login scripts can also be associated with container, profile, and consumer objects. A login script can manage what occurs when a consumer logs into your Novell network. For information and syntax on login scripts, see Appendix B, "NetWare Login Scripts."

NetIdentity

The NetIdentity agent, purchasable most effective with the Novell customer for home windows XP/2000, gives single signal-on across all Novell services that use eDirectory authentication.

as a way to use NetIdentity, the first carrier with which a consumer authenticates have to be NetIdentity-enabled.

deploy the NetIdentity agent from the \NetIdentity listing this is created in the event you extract the Novell client.

Novell Modular Authentication features (NMAS) allow you to supplement or replace the average Novell password authentication mechanism with option mechanisms, akin to wise cards, tokens, and biometrics.

The NMAS customer provides a framework within which authentication methods will also be configured and built-in with Novell eDirectory to deliver a flexible and seamless authentication manner.

The acquisition, which has been permitted by way of the boards of administrators of each organizations, is geared toward assisting the business sharpen its focal point on greater really good segments inside the utility trade, principally the market for "listing-enabled" community functions and services, which are used to unify and manage disparate directories dwelling on a common community infrastructure.

The theory is to faucet into the marketplace for the application and functions essential with the aid of corporations which are moving their companies onto the web.

Provo, Utah-based mostly Novell has been struggling financially as its mainstay product, called Netware, which is used to connect workstations on local area networks, has faced expanding competition from Microsoft's home windows items as well as the starting to be popularity of the freely allotted Linux working equipment.

throughout the past two quarters, Novell (NOVL: analysis, Estimates) has taken a couple of steps in order to realign its enterprise to adapt to the altering atmosphere, including a vast restructuring under which it laid off 900 employees, or about 16 p.c of its total work force.

by way of taking the Cambridge, Mass.-based mostly firm into the fold, executives at Novell spoke of they will be competent speed up their transition to the new business model.

"here's precisely what's necessary to propel Novell into a brand new realm of options-primarily based relationships with valued clientele and companions," Eric Schmidt, Novell's chairman and chief govt, mentioned in a press release. "This circulate is strategically per where we're taking Novell. The combined ability of Novell and Cambridge will carry us nearer than ever to shooting the price of Novell's internet services approach."

Schmidt noted consulting services have become associated with basically every important deployment of Novell's new "eDirectory" and "net features" items. Novell also has been constructing its personal consulting company, which he stated now not bills for roughly 5 p.c of the enterprise's complete profits.

When the Cambridge (CATP: analysis, Estimates) deal is complete, which is anticipated to be all the way through the third quarter, consulting features will symbolize a couple of-third of Novell's company, Schmidt talked about.

beneath the terms of the deal, Novell will change .668 shares of its usual inventory for each unbelievable share of Cambridge's stock. The transaction price is in keeping with Novell's closing stock cost of $6.06 on March 9th remaining week.

Jack Messman, president and CEO of Cambridge and a member of Novell's board, will become CEO of the mixed enterprise. Schmidt will proceed his position as chairman of the Novell board of administrators and tackle the further moniker of "chief strategist" for the company.

Shares of Novell fell 25 cents to $5.eighty one on Nasdaq ahead of the news, which become launched after the closing bell. They were unchanged in after-hours change.

Cambridge shares have been up 56 cents at $3.sixty six in after-hours change after falling 22 cents to $three.09 on Nasdaq earlier than the announcement.

Gadzoox Networks Inc. ( www.gadzoox.com ), a company of storage area networking (SAN) products, announced these days that the company has entered into partnership with Novell ( www.novell.com ) to integrate Novell directory features (NDS) into its modular SAN change, Capellix 3000.

Gadzoox is debuting the new swap at a presentation within the Novell accomplice Pavilion at Comdex (www.zdevents.com/comdex/fall99). The Gadzoox Capellix 3000 switch is NDS-enabled to function a platform for directory-based hardware administration using NDS and Novell's ConsoleOne Java management product.

The modular design of Gadzoox products, such because the Capellix 3000 change, permits a high diploma of extensibility and manageability through plug-in modules and embedded intelligent brokers. by means of combining this architecture with the coverage-prosperous provider capabilities of NDS, users can map finished company management practices to SAN administration policies to administer powerful security, configuration, asset, efficiency and fault administration capabilities inside an open requisites framework.

Gadzoox and Novell will collaborate to improve options based on the commonplace advice model (CIM) and directory-Enabled Networks (DEN) requirements with a purpose to expedite the acceptance and implementation of these open necessities during the industry. the two businesses exhibit their commitment to open requirements through the use of the industry average light-weight listing entry protocol (LDAP) for interfacing NDS with Gadzoox products.

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My heart's desire, as a gnarly old Linux/Windows sysadmin, has long been for better management utilities: directory services, user and resource management, system monitoring, and single sign-on that work across a mixed environment. Something like Active Directory, only without the vendor lock-in, and it works right. I don't much care what's under the covers — Kerberos, LDAP, MySQL — I just don't want to be an ace programmer and have to do it myself. I want to be able to throw Linux, Windows, and Mac hosts into the brew, and not have to graduate from Hogwart's School of Witchcraft and Wizardry to learn how to make them all work together.

While I'm making a wish list, a mature groupware suite would be lovely as well. Something that supports users managing their own shared directories, calendaring, scheduling, and all those collaboration features so beloved of managers, and occasionally even real people. It must use an open, non-proprietary format for the data store, and standard, unborked networking protocols.

OES lets you mix and match Linux, Windows, and MacOS hosts as you need: both servers and clients, and manage all of them from a central console. Both LAN and WAN management are included.

In a sane world, Novell NetWare would have remained the dominant network operating system. It was known for being rock-solid and stable, easy to administer, and platform-agnostic. But real life is messier and things don't always go the way some of us think they should. Rising from moribund-land , Novell has moved full speed into Linux. Among other things, Novell purchased SUSE and Ximian, and released Groupwise on Linux. These three little deeds represent a whole lot of activity, so let's take a closer look at what Novell did with them.

Open Enterprise ServerI always liked that NetWare aimed to be a pure network operating system, rather than an expensive form of vendor lock-in. Networking services are supposed to enable interoperability, not hinder it. SUSE's Server 9 Enterprise Edition, running a 2.6 kernel, has been blended with NetWare. The result is the dual-kernel Open Enterprise Server. In a nutshell, this supplies all the goodies in SUSE Linux, plus NetWare's eDirectory and ZENworks. This means the hardworking admin gets directory services, system monitoring, and advanced user and resource management tools. In fact there are so many goodies included in OES that it would take a long article to list them all.

What Novell calls "identity management" is a large piece of this. Included in Open Enterprise Server are tools for managing single sign-on across a mixed environment: Active Directory, Windows NT domains, and Linux users are all managed from a single interface. Also supported, for you futuristic admins, are biometric and smart card-based authentications.

OES lets you mix and match Linux, Windows, and MacOS hosts as you need: both servers and clients, and manage all of them from a central console. Both LAN and WAN management are included.

Network printing is the #1 cause of sysadmin nervous breakdowns. OES tries to enhance sysadmin mental health by combining CUPS and Novell iPrint. iPrint extends CUPS for better centralized printer management, easier printer discovery and network installation, and to increase printer server capacity by putting much of processing load back on the client. The server handles scheduling, auditing, and monitoring. The client handles the rendering, so the printer server can handle a much larger load.

Blatant Desktop LinuxWe're finally seeing some major vendors — IBM, Red Hat, and HP — offering desktop/workstation/notebook Linux, though in my opinion they are much too timid about it. Novell is not timid; they are actively promoting it, and making it easy to find pricing and product information. The Novell Linux Desktop, based on SUSE Linux, comes with both KDE and Gnome. It ships with RealPlayer and Flash, Evolution for e-mail and groupware, and the Evolution Connector for using Evolution as a Microsoft Exchange client. It includes handheld synchronization, and a Citrix ICA client for accessing Windows application servers. Firefox is the default Web browser, and Open Office the default productivity suite.

The Linux Desktop also comes with a Novell iFolder client, which allows users to access their files from anywhere, including PDAs. iFolders are stored both on a remote server and local PCs, and the server automatically synchronizes the contents of all the user's client iFolders. This provides up-to-date access and easy backups, and reliable access to personal data files for the incurably mobile.

The iFolder server is a web server module on Apache or Microsoft IIS, and sessions are encrypted with SSL. Users can log in from anywhere; they don't have to use the client. For a lot of users, this obviates the need to set them up with a VPN (virtual private network) connection, which increases security and control over remote users considerably.

GroupwareGroupWise finally has a native Linux client, so Linux users can get all the e-mail/instant messaging/calendaring-scheduling/contacts goodies, just like all the other users. GroupWise runs on either NetWare or Linux.

Another choice is SUSE OpenExchange. It doesn't quite have all the bells and whistles of GroupWise, but it's a fully-featured groupware suite based on open-source components. Unlike GroupWise, it runs only on Linux, and the operating system (SUSE Enterprise Server) is included.

An obvious question is will Novell continue to develop and support both of these? They say they will.

Migration and TrainingMigrating to a new platform is fraught with perils and troubles. A wise Linux vendor offers much help and hand-holding. Novell offers several levels of migration assistance, including onsite services. And a number of training options, from printed materials, CBT (computer-based training) to classes with live instructors. Their certification program has expanded to include a number of Linux administration certifications.

Will Reality Match the Hype?It looks like Novell is uniquely positioned to provide a complete range of Linux-based products and services, from the network to the datacenter to the desktop to mobile devices. There is a whole lot more than they covered here. In future articles we'll take various bits for test-drives and see how they really perform. We'll also compare pricing and licensing terms. You don't have to wait- visit Novell downloads to find evaluation downloads.

Printer sharing ranks right up with file sharing as a major motivation for networking. Network printing has definitely evolved over the years to where almost any printer can be shared over a network. However, printers have primarily been accessed through Windows workstations, and the common printing scenario involves using the Windows printer manager to direct print jobs.

Two things have changed that, for many organizations, makes network printing slightly more complex. These changes include the Internet with its ability to connect to any resource, anywhere in the world, and the emergence of Linux and its integration within the enterprise network arena. Technology from Novell and the open source community that leverages the Internet and integrates Linux printing includes Novell iPrint and CUPS.

How Internet Printing Works

Both iPrint and CUPS are based on the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP). IPP is a printing protocol that is designed to work over Internet protocol (IP) and support printer access control, authentication, and encryption. It is much more secure, especially for public networks, than earlier printing protocols. Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) was developed for the Unix and Linux communities as a standard printing system that simplifies the accessing of printers and writing of print drivers, which has historically been a problem as all variants of Unix had their own printing system. A single print driver written to CUPS can support a wide range of file formats. CUPS is an open source solution and, as of this writing, the CUPS database includes 244 drivers for 1,233 different printers.

Using CUPS, a printer can be identified using a uniform resource identifier (URI) and, if configured to do so, can be accessed from any device on the Internet. Printers can be standalone units with built-in print servers (software/hardware combinations that deliver print data to a particular printer), or can be attached to workstations (Windows, Linux, and so forth) that include the print serving software. CUPS can deliver print jobs to an attached printer, to a printer on the local area network, or to a printer connected via IP across the Internet.

Novell iPrint provides similar Internet printing capability, but also adds some useful functionality. One of the primary difficulties in printing to remote locations across the Internet is in locating and correctly identifying a specific printer. URI and uniform resource locator (URL) names are hard to keep track of. iPrint solves the problem by providing Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) web-accessible map images that provide users with the capability to graphically search or drill down to find the desired printer in a specific location. Locating a printer for remote printing is simple and intuitive. Novell iPrinter utilities allow administrators to easily create any custom printer map to give end users simple ways to find and install printers (see Figure 3.7).

Users printing from a workstation to a network printer can only do so if the print drivers for that particular printer model have been installed and configured on that particular workstation. Remote or unfamiliar printers tend to present driver location and configuration problems, which iPrint now alleviates. When a user locates any printer hosted by iPrint, the appropriate drivers for that printer are automatically downloaded, installed, and configured and appear as part of the standard Windows printer selection list. Desired driver settings can be determined by the administrator prior to the printer being installed on the workstation. Printing across the Internet becomes as easy as printing to the printer on your desk.

How Internet Printing Is Implemented

You have multiple options for installing IPP-based printing using either iPrint or CUPS. Novell iPrint includes three components: the iPrint server software, the iPrint client, and the iPrint Map Designer. The iPrint server software installs on NetWare or Linux and handles all the IPP requests. The iPrint client is a plug-in for a standard browser that acts as a gateway, translating Windows print requests to IPP and sending those requests to the Novell IPP server. The iPrint Map Designer is a browser-based design tool that administrators can use to create a graphical representation of the location of iPrint printers.

Installing an iPrint server is accomplished via the standard install methods for each operating system. iPrint installs as part of a new server installation or at a later point using the iPrint install CD. When installed, iPrint is managed and accessible to users via a web page. To install the iPrint client, users simply go to the iPrint web page, click the Install iPrint Client option, and the client plug-in is installed automatically.

To locate a printer, users again go to the iPrint web page, navigate an iPrint map to locate the desired printer, and then click on it. The drivers are downloaded and configured on the workstation automatically. With a Windows client workstation, iPrint installs the printer in the Windows print manager, and it appears as any other local or network printer. The iPrint client is also available for Linux clients.

One of the great advantages of iPrint is that driver information for all printers is centralized. As part of iPrint setup, you create an iPrint Driver Store that maintains a collection of drivers for all types of printers. There's never a need to go looking for print drivers when a new client needs to be configured.

iPrint can be managed using Novell eDirectory, with access to printer objects and drivers based on a user's identity. Individual users, groups, or complete organizations (containers) can be granted access to individual printers or groups of printers. Novell's iManager, a browser-accessible management interface, also can be used to manage iPrint (and printer access management as well).

iPrint server works virtually the same way installed on Linux with access to IPP services via a web browser. The iPrint server includes the driver store, specific printer agents redirect printer-ready files to a printer (see Figure 3.8), and the entire solution can be managed for access through eDirectory (which also runs on Linux as well as NetWare and Windows).

Figure 3.8 Novell iPrint configuration for Linux.

IT managers have the option of implementing traditional Linux printing services as well. As mentioned, Linux Internet printing is based on CUPS and provides access to printers through Linux-based printer servers and print queues. CUPS can be installed and printers administered through YaST. Printing from Linux can be done either through the Linux command line, from a graphical interface such as KDE, or from an application. Linux also supports LPRng and lpdfilter, traditional Linux printing services.

Samba, the open source Microsoft SMB/CIFS emulator, can also play a major printing role when Linux print servers and print queues are used with Windows clients. Samba allows CUPS printers to be printed to and accessed from Windows workstations, just like a common Windows or NetWare network printer. Samba handles the print job forwarding, queuing, and print management. Samba lets a Linux computer function as a Windows server by enabling the computer to provide Windows print services to end users. Samba also lets a Linux workstation function as a Windows client by enabling it to access and use Windows print services, whether they originate on a Windows server or a Linux server with Samba installed. The Samba implementation provided by Novell focuses on providing authenticated file services from the Linux server to Windows clients with access control being managed by eDirectory.

You can see that that there are multiple print options whether you are running a Linux-only shop or, like most organizations, a mixture of Windows, Linux, and NetWare. With a straight Linux data center operation, you can still enjoy the benefits of iPrint with mapped access to Internet-connected printers. Client workstations (Windows or Linux—it doesn't matter) can access printers regardless of the print server platform. Linux can access Windows print services and vice versa. iPrint simplifies locating printers, driver storage, and workstation configuration for everyone.