New approaches in targeted cancer therapy

(University of Cologne) In a large-scale testing procedure, scientists from Cologne University Hospital have explored the effects of more than 1,500 substances on different kinds of cancer cells. The results from this study are a fundamental prerequisite for the development of new therapies for NMC, an aggressive cancer which is often lethal.

ConclusionNone of the treatment methods applied ensured a full release of the restriction within the shoulder and upper limb. The deficits observed may constitute a serious disorder of the musculoskeletal system; therefore, a clinical study of biomechanical parameters of the shoulder joint may be an important control of patients’ functional status after breast cancer treatment.

Publication date: Available online 13 August 2018Source: Radiation Physics and ChemistryAuthor(s): Ali Asghar Borran, Ayoub Aghanejad, Alireza Farajollahi, Jaleh Barar, Yadollah OmidiAbstractRadiation therapy is a regular treatment modality for the cancer therapy. Despite being a beneficial strategy, the radiation doses are limited, in large part because of the occurrence of inadvertent toxicity in the surrounding healthy tissues/organs. Among efforts to minimize the unwanted side effects in normal tissues and sensitize tumor tissues/organs to radiation, utilization of the high atomic number material such as noble metals (...

ConclusionsIn conclusion, we demonstrate that Oncologist-led rapid access clinics are successful concepts to assess patients with unexplained lymphadenopathy. Our data suggest that a routine use of FNA should be reconsidered in this setting.

ConclusionLower levels of antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic small molecules and higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory clinical parameters such as NO, MDA, TNF-α and MMP-9 may be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic chemotherapy related ocular complications such as cataract, glaucoma, blepharitis, retinitis pigmentosa, macular degeneration, pterygium and retinal degeneration etc.

Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018Source: Diabetes &Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research &ReviewsAuthor(s): Ala'a G. Almagthali, Eman H. Alkhaldi, Afnan S. Alzahrani, Ameera K. Alghamdi, Waleed Y. Alghamdi, Ahmed M. KabelAbstractDipeptidyl peptidase (DPP- 4) inhibitors belong to the oral antidiabetic drugs. They are used for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. DPP-4 is an enzyme which puts down the action of hormone, incretin. Incretins belong to the group of hypoglycaemic gastrointestinal hormones. Some studies show that DPP-4 inhibitors causes cancer and some study show that they have antic...

This study demonstrated 77 protein features that were significantly changed in protein expression and revealed evodiamine-induced cytotoxicity in thyroid cancer cells involves dysregulation of protein folding, cytoskeleton, cytoskeleton regulation and transcription control. Our work shows that this combined proteomic strategy provides a rapid method to study the molecular mechanisms of evodiamine-induced cytotoxicity in thyroid cancer cells. The identified targets may be useful for further evaluation as potential targets in thyroid cancer therapy.Graphical abstract

Purpose of review
Targeting cancer metabolism for therapy has received much attention over the last decade with various small molecule inhibitors entering clinical trials. The present review highlights the latest strategies to target glucose and glutamine metabolism for cancer therapy with a particular emphasis on novel combinatorial treatment approaches.
Recent findings
Inhibitors of glucose, lactate, and glutamine transport and the ensuing metabolism are in preclinical to clinical trial stages of investigation. Recent advances in our understanding of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors that dictate dependence ...

Abstract
Nanotechnology advancements have led to the development of its allied fields, such as nanoparticle synthesis and their applications in the field of biomedicine. Nanotechnology driven innovations have given a hope to the patients as well as physicians in solving the complex medical problems. Nanoparticles with a size ranging from 0.2 to 100 nm are associated with an increased surface to volume ratio. Moreover, the physico-chemical and biological properties of nanoparticles can be modified depending on the applications. Different nanoparticles have been documented with a wide range of applications in v...