Slide 2:

These are proteins associated
with the DNA of prokaryotes,
consider the chromosomes of
prokaryotes to be “naked” DNA

Slide 3:

It is a process in which a cell takes up water. Tiny pockets along
the cell membrane, and then fill with liquid. Those tiny pockets
then break off into the cell to form tiny vacuoles filled with water. It is a process in which cells take in large
particles, clumps of food and even other
cells! In phagocytosis, extensions of
cytoplasm surround and engulf the object
that it is trying to take in. A type of a
single celled organism that uses this
process to capture its food is the Ameba.

Slide 4:

Mesosomes - membrane invaginations

Slide 5:

Dictyosomes – golgi apparatus of plant cells

Slide 7:

Bacteria Archae Eukarya

Slide 9:

Structurally, a prokaryotic cell has three architectural regions:
1. Appendages (attachments to the cell surface) in the form
of flagella and pili or fimbriae
2. A cell envelope consisting of a capsule, cell wall and plasma
membrane
3. A cytoplasmic region that contains all the genome (DNA)
and ribosomes and various sorts of inclusions

Slide 13:

Proposed Physiological
Functions for Capsules
1. Capsule is recognized,
along with wall and flagellum,
as one of the major antigenic
sites of the cell
2. The capsule or extruded slimy material may inhibit the process of
phagocytosis and thereby protect the organism from destruction
3. Production of capsular material is regarded as a mechanism for
motility, helping organisms devoid of flagella to glide along surfaces
4. Serves as a vehicle for nutrient accumulation in nutritionally sparse
environments
5. Serves as a “cellular garbage dump”
6. The capsule may protect the cell from physical injury and dehydration

Slide 14:

Chemical Composition of Some Bacterial Capsules

Slide 15:

Pili ( protein strands to the outside that are used for
attachment; one type is used for prokaryotic 'sex'

Slide 18:

Slide 19:

Slide 21:

Flagellar Movement Flagellin does not flex but moves
by rotation
Rotary motion is imparted through
the motor which comes from proton
motive force
Do not rotate at a constant speed
Increase/decrease rotational speed
in relation to the strength of
a proton motive force

Slide 22:

Individual flagellum grows not from its base but from the tip

Slide 23:

Different arrangements of bacterial flagella. Swimming motility, powered by
flagella, occurs in half the bacilli and most of the spirilla.