Compound Placenames in English

Over the last decade, we have accumulated information about several patterns
of compound placenames in English (that is, placenames created by taking
an existing placename or toponymic element and adding to it an additional identifier,
like the name of an owner). Such names were used both in the names of locations
(and thus suitable for branch and household names) and in personal names.
While most of our examples of personal names using these complex locatives are late period,
there are some earlier examples, such as the mid 13th c.
filius Wilelmi de Media Karleton' and filius Adae de Oswaldekyrke
(both from Postles 2006, p. 92 and p. 97 respectively).

This article reviews the patterns of complex bynames we can identify and
gives six to ten examples of each (fewer than that means that I was unable
to identify at least six examples).
The sources of citations are indicated in the text; full bibliographic citations
for the sources are given below.

FIXME - links go here for each category and subcategory
(kinda like the top of the Colleges page in that article).
I'll add the links when the category headers/subheaders below are finalized

There are many examples of surnames appended to existing placenames in Mills and Ekwall.
This pattern has been documented for some time.
The most important precedent regarding this pattern is:

Sandy is a placename, dated as Sandeie to 1086 in Mills (Ekwall, s.n. Sandy).
There is a pattern of English placenames
created by appending surnames to existing placenames.
Examples of this include Chilton Foliot 1221 (Mills, p. 78 Ekwall, s.n. Chilton),
Northone Brun c. 1266 (Mills, p. 244 Ekwall, s.n. Norton), and
Saunford Peverel 1275 (Mills, p. 284 Ekwall, s.n. Sampford).
As Stream is a surname, dated to 1279 in the form ate Streme
(Reaney & Wilson, Ekwall, s.n. Stream), a location Sandy
located on or near an estate owned by the Stream family could come to be known as Sandy Stream.
[Leah of Sandy Stream, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Caid]

Pattern One: Placename with family name or other owner reference following

Placename with family name following

There are many examples of family names appended to existing
placenames in Mills and Ekwall. Examples include:

Pattern Three: Placename or family name followed by generic toponymic

The pattern of creating a placename by combining a family name or existing placename
with a generic toponym (a type of place, like a meadow or forest) has been well documented.
There are two precedents regarding this; one from 7/03 gives evidence for
family names in unmodified form:

No evidence was provided to support adding Sands to the end of an existing placename.
However, there is a pattern in English, during the late Middle Ages and Renaissance, of
placenames formed by appending a toponymic to a surname. Siren found some examples of
this type of placename in A. D. Mills, Oxford Dictionary of London Place Names, including:
Aldborough Hacche c. 1490 (s.n. Aldborough Hatch), Culling Deepe 1584 (s.n. Colindale),
Coanie hatch 1593 (s.n. Colney Hatch), Fygmershe c. 1530 (s.n. Figge's Marsh),
Gallion Reache 1588 (s.n. Gallions Reach), and
Gallion Nesse 1588 (s.n. Gallions Reach).

And one from 5/04 gives evidence of the same pattern with the family name
in the possessive form:

The precedent from 12/01 adds another citation. At the time, it rules the element SCA-compatible, but the evidence here is clear for adding Haven to an existing placename. The evidence for constructing a bithemic placename using haven is weak.

The element haven means 'harbor'. It was normally appended to an existing location name. For example, Speed, The Counties of Britain (p. 90, map of the Isle of Wight, most maps in this source drawn c. 1610) lists the location Yarmouth and lists Yarmouth Haven for the name of the harbor/bay nearby, Yarmouth cast (an abbreviation for castle) and Yarmouth Rode for locations near Yarmouth. (12/01, Rose Morgan).

'Crest' and 'Keep'

Crest and Keep are not found as placename elements.
However, they are found both as generic toponyms and as family names.
Therefore, they can be used in contexts where such elements can be used
(appended to existing placnames or after the name of an owning family).
Citations for them are given in precedent:

[crest and keep] The element crest falls into the same category as keep.
In both cases, we do not have evidence of that element used in a formal
place name in period, though we have evidence of each as a geographical element.
Bardsley (p. 216 Ekwall, s.n. Crest) dates both Rogerus del Crest and
Johannes del Crest to 1379. Bardsley (p. 441 Ekwall, s.n. Keep) dates
William atte Kep to 18 Edw. I, Roger Kep to I Edw. III, and
Richard atte Kippe to I Edw. III. Reaney & Wilson (p. 261 Ekwall, s.n. Keep)
dates Thomas ate Kepe to 1327 and Roger de Kepe to 1332. (11/01)