The Hamilton Alerts were suspended by the ORFU on November 23 for flaunting the authority of the Union. The Toronto Rowing and Athletic Club had protested a penalty call which had resulted in a victory for the Alerts. The ORFU ordered the game be re-played on the 23rd, but the Alerts refused to field a full team. The Alerts lost to Toronto, 39–7, while the main squad lost a regularly scheduled match in Hamilton to the Tigers, 12–8. The Alerts went on to defeat the Toronto Argonauts, 11–4, in the Grey Cup game. Many of the players joined the Tigers of IRFU the following season.

1.
Saskatchewan Roughriders
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The Saskatchewan Roughriders are a professional Canadian football team based in Regina, Saskatchewan. The Roughriders play in the West Division of the Canadian Football League, the Roughriders were founded in 1910 as the Regina Rugby Club. Although they were not the first team to play football in Western Canada, the Roughriders are the third-oldest professional gridiron football team in existence today, and one of the oldest professional sports teams still in existence in North America. The team changed their name to the Regina Roughriders from the Regina Rugby Club in 1924, the Roughriders have played their home games at Mosaic Stadium at Taylor Field since 1936. The team draws fans from across Saskatchewan and Canada who are known as the Rider Nation. The Roughriders play in the smallest market in the CFL, and they have finished first in the Western Division seven times and have won the Western championship a record 28 times. They have played in the championship game 19 times and won four Grey Cups, the team has had 20 players inducted into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame. The Riders biggest rival is the Winnipeg Blue Bombers, games between the two are sold out before the beginning of the season. The Roughriders Football Club and the city of Regina have hosted the Grey Cup three times, including a Roughrider win in the 101st Grey Cup, in July 2012, the Province of Saskatchewan announced that the Roughriders will have a new stadium completed in time for the 2017 season. They played most of their games at Park Hughes on 10th Avenue in Reginas north central section. The team was also a member of the Saskatchewan Rugby Football Union as it was organized on September 22 of that year. Regina played their first game against the Moose Jaw Tigers on October 1,1910, the Regina Rugby Club changed their colours again in 1912 to red and black and began an era of western football dominance. For every season of play in the SRFU, Regina won the championship, exerting their prowess over teams from Moose Jaw, Saskatoon. Beginning in the 1912 season, Regina won seven straight WCRFU titles, in 1923, Regina returned to power as they won their eighth western championship over the Winnipeg Victorias and earned the right to compete in the national playoffs. The club was given a bye and advanced straight to the Grey Cup finals for the first time, but were severely outmatched, losing 54–0 to Queens University at Varsity Stadium in Toronto. This was, and still is, the most lopsided defeat in Grey Cup history as the defending champion Queens won their third national championship at the expense of the Regina Rugby Club. Following their first Grey Cup loss, the changed their name to the Regina Roughriders in 1924 while retaining the colours of red. Ottawa also had a called the Ottawa Rough Riders, but the spelling was different

2.
Toronto Argonauts
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The Toronto Argonauts are a professional Canadian football team competing in the East Division of the Canadian Football League. Based in Toronto, Ontario, the team was founded in 1873, the teams origins date back to a modified version of rugby football that emerged in North America in the latter half of the nineteenth century. The Argonauts played their games at Rogers Centre from 1989 until 2016 when the team moved to BMO Field. The Argonauts have won the Grey Cup a record 16 times and have appeared in the final 22 times, Most recently they defeated the Calgary Stampeders 35–22 at home in the 100th Grey Cup in 2012. The Argonauts hold the best winning percentage in the game and have the longest active winning streak in games in which they have appeared. The Argonauts have faced every current western CFL team at least once in the Grey Cup, the team was owned by the Argonaut Rowing Club for its first 83 years, and has been owned by a series of business interests since 1956. The Argonauts were a fixture on the Toronto sports scene for decades, in May 2015 it was announced that a consortium of Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainments Larry Tanenbaum and Bell Canada would acquire the team. Given the length of history, dozens of players, coaches. Since the teams foundation in 1873, the Argonauts name has been in continuous use, the Chicago Cubs and the Atlanta Braves franchises of Major League Baseball are older, but both teams have changed their name more than once, and the Braves have also changed cities. The Argonauts also claim to be the oldest professional team in North America. The claim is debatable, as the Hamilton Tigers date to 1869, given its nautical theme, the name Argonaut was adopted by a group of amateur rowers in Toronto in 1872. The Argonaut Rowing Club, which exists today, went on to found the football club with the same name a year later. Given their roots in a squad, the team is often referred to as the boatmen. In the 19th century, the most renowned rowing teams in the world were from the University of Oxford, the Toronto rowers, many of whom had associations with the English schools, adopted uniforms incorporating the light blue of Cambridge and the dark blue of Oxford. In turn, the footballers adopted the colours and the double blue would become synonymous with the team. Blue has become the traditional colour of top-level teams in Toronto, the teams other official colour is white. Its current helmet design features an Oxford blue background, with an Oxford blue and Cambridge blue round shield inscribed with a white, for most of the teams history, the logo featured some form of a boat, often incorporating a football. The first recorded game of what would become known as Canadian football was played in Toronto on November 9,1861, the game at the time was a modified version of English rugby and it gained popularity throughout the 1860s

3.
Queen's University
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Queens University at Kingston is a public research university in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Founded on 16 October 1841 via a charter issued by Queen Victoria. Queens holds more than 1,400 hectares of land throughout Ontario and owns Herstmonceux Castle in East Sussex, Queens is organized into ten undergraduate, graduate and professional faculties and schools. The Church of Scotland established Queens College in 1841 with a charter from Queen Victoria. The first classes, intended to prepare students for the ministry, were held 7 March 1842 with 13 students, Queens was the first university west of the maritime provinces to admit women and to form a student government. In 1883, a college for medical education affiliated with Queens University was established. In 1888, Queens University began offering courses, becoming the first Canadian university to do so. In 1912, Queens secularized and changed to its present legal name, Queens is a co-educational university, with more than 23,000 students, and with over 131,000 living alumni worldwide. Notable alumni include government officials, academics, business leaders and 57 Rhodes Scholars, Queens varsity teams, known as the Golden Gaels, compete in the Ontario University Athletics conference of U Sports. Queens was a result of an outgrowth of educational initiatives planned by Presbyterians in the 1830s, a draft plan for the university was presented at a synod meeting in Kingston in 1839, with a modified bill introduced through the 13th Parliament of Upper Canada during a session in 1840. On 16 October 1841, a charter was issued through Queen Victoria establishing Queens College at Kingston. They modelled the university after the University of Edinburgh and the University of Glasgow, classes began on 7 March 1842, in a small wood-frame house on the edge of the city with two professors and 15 students. The college moved several times during its first eleven years, before settling in its present location, prior to Canadian Confederation, the college was financially supported by the Presbyterian Church in Scotland, the Canadian government and private citizens. The college was rescued after Principal William Snodgrass and other created a fundraising campaign across Canada. The risk of financial ruin continued to worry the administration until the final decade. They actively considered leaving Kingston and merging with the University of Toronto as late as the 1880s, with the additional funds bequeathed from Queens first major benefactor, Robert Sutherland, the college staved off financial failure and maintained its independence. Queens was given university status on 17 May 1881, in 1883, Womens Medical College was founded at Queens with a class of three. Theological Hall, completed in 1880, originally served as Queens main building throughout the late 19th century, in 1912, Queens separated from the Presbyterian Church of Scotland and changed its name to Queens University at Kingston

4.
Hamilton, Ontario
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Hamilton is a port city in the Canadian province of Ontario. Residents of the old city are known as Hamiltonians, since 1981, the metropolitan area has been listed as the ninth largest in Canada and the third largest in Ontario. Hamilton is home to the Royal Botanical Gardens, the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum, McMaster University is ranked 4th in Canada and 94th in the world by Times Higher Education Rankings 2015-16 and has a well-known medical school. Possibly because of its environment, numerous TV and film productions have been filmed in Hamilton, regulated by the Hamilton Film. A growing arts and culture community garnered media attention in 2006 when the Globe and Mail published an article called Go West, the article highlighted local art galleries, recording studios and independent film production. In pre-colonial times, the Neutral Indians used much of the land but were driven out by the Five Nations who were allied with the British against the Huron. A member of the Iroquois Confederacy provided the route and name for Mohawk Road, which originally included King Street in the lower city. In 1784, about 10,000 United Empire Loyalists settled in Upper Canada, chiefly in Niagara, around the Bay of Quinte, and along the St. Lawrence River between Lake Ontario and Montreal. They were soon followed by many more Americans, some of not so much ardent loyalists but attracted nonetheless by the availability of inexpensive. At the same time, large numbers of Iroquois loyal to Britain arrived from the United States and were settled on reserves west of Lake Ontario. The town of Hamilton was conceived by George Hamilton, when he purchased farm holdings of James Durand, nathaniel Hughson, a property owner to the north, cooperated with George Hamilton to prepare a proposal for a courthouse and jail on Hamiltons property. Hamilton offered the land to the crown for the future site, Durand was empowered by Hughson and Hamilton to sell property holdings which later became the site of the town. As he had instructed, Durand circulated the offers at York during a session of the Legislative Assembly. Initially, this town was not the most important centre of the Gore District, a permanent jail was not constructed until 1832 when a cut-stone design was completed on one of the two squares created in 1816, Princes Square. Subsequently, the first police board and the limits were defined by statute on February 13,1833. Official City status was achieved on June 9,1846, by an act of Parliament,9 Victoria Chapter 73, the city had several interurban electric street railways and two inclines, all powered by the Cataract Power Co. Though suffering through the Hamilton Street Railway strike of 1906, with industrial businesses expanding, allan Skyway in 1958, and the first Tim Hortons store in 1964. Since then, many of the industries have moved or shut down operations and the economy has shifted more toward the service sector, such as transportation, education

5.
McGill Redmen and Martlets
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The McGill Redmen and Martlets are the athletic teams that represent McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The name Redmen was first published in 1929 as Red Men and was used to describe the red worn by McGill sports teams. Research done by McGill historian Dr. Stanley Frost indicated that the name Redmen derived from ancient times and our own Red Men were no doubt Celts in honour of James McGills Scottish descent, notes Frost. The mascot for both the Redmen and Martlet teams is Marty the Martlet, the McGill Redmen CIS football team is one of the oldest in all of Canada, having begun organized competition in 1874. The team has appeared in three Vanier Cup national championships, in 1969,1973 and 1987, with the Redmen finally winning the title in the 1987 game, McGill plays out of Percival Molson Memorial Stadium, where the Canadian Football Leagues Montreal Alouettes also play. After their 2005 suspension, the team struggled with three losing seasons, including two seasons in 2007 and 2008. The program showed signs of hope as the Redmen won three games in 2009, but soon sank back down to futility with consecutive winless campaigns in 2010 and 2011. On March 3,1875 the first organized indoor game was played at Montreals Victoria Skating Rink by James George Aylwin Creighton, in 1877, several McGill students, including Creighton, Henry Joseph, Richard F. Smith, W. F. Murray codified seven ice hockey rules, the McGill University Hockey Club - later re-christened The Redmen - was founded in 1877, arguably making the McGill Redmen the first and oldest ice hockey club in the world. The university operates both mens and womens teams in the CIS, the teams play at McGills McConnell Arena. The womens team has won championships in 1985,2003,2006,2007,2008,2009 and 2010, on November 15,2003, Kim St. Pierre was the first woman in CIS history to be credited with a win in a mens regular season game. This occurred when the McGill Redmen defeated the Ryerson Rams by a score of 5-2, Canadas national summer sport of lacrosse was played to a limited extent at McGill in the late 1800s. The 15-man McGill Lacrosse Club of 1898 was led by President F. L, thompson, Vice President, R. H. Craig, and Secretary Treasurer, A. J. Grant. McGills lacrosse tradition was not re-established until 2001, when McGill freshman, Sachin Anand, in 2002 the team gained Level-3 varsity club status at McGill, and joined the Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association, Canadas premier league founded in 1985. In 2007 the teams status was elevated to a Level-2 varsity team by McGill Athletics, McGill has twice won Canadas national championship, the Baggataway Cup, in 2012 and 2015. McGill competes in the CUFLA East versus Bishops, Carleton, Nipissing, Ottawa, Trent, the CUFLA West features Brock, Guelph, Laurentian, Laurier, McMaster, University of Toronto and Western Ontario. Four-time recipient of the Harry Griffiths Award in 2007,2008,2012 and 2015, the Redmen have won six CUFLA East conference titles in 2007,2011,2012,2013,2014, the team has achieved a record of 62-5-1 since 2011 versus Canadian opponents. The hybrid Canadian-box-American-field lacrosse program is geographically diverse with student-athletes recruited from across Canada, the team plays home games in McGills Percival Molson Memorial Stadium

6.
U Sports football
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U Sports football is the highest level of amateur play of Canadian football and operates under the auspices of U Sports. At the end of season, the champions of each conference advance to semifinal bowl games. The origins of North American football can be traced here, where the first documented game was played at University College at the University of Toronto in 1861, a number of U Sports programs have been in existence since the origins of the sport. It is from these Canadian universities that the now known as Canadian football began. In 1874, McGill University challenged Harvard University to a series of games, many U Sports players have gone on to professional careers in the CFL and elsewhere, a number are drafted annually in the Canadian College Draft. In 2015, there were a record 199 CIS alumni on CFL rosters, including 136 on active rosters,41 on injured lists,20 on practice rosters, one on suspended lists and one on disabled lists. For the 2017 U Sports football season, the Bishops Gaiters will move from the RSEQ to the AUS, the regular season is eight to ten weeks long, depending on the conference, and, as of 2017, opens on the last Friday of August. Teams play eight regular season games and regular season games are in-conference with exhibition games being played between conferences, throughout the season, there are featured homecoming and rivalry games in most regions. Following the conclusion of the season, the Hec Crighton Trophy is awarded annually to the Most Valuable Player of U Sports football. After the regular season, single elimination playoff games are held between the top teams in conference to determine conference champions. In the Canada West and Quebec conferences, the top four qualify for the playoffs. In Ontario, the top six teams qualify with the top two teams receiving byes to the next round. Each conference has its own trophy, the Hardy Trophy in the West, the Yates Cup in Ontario, the Dunsmore Cup in Quebec. The conference champions proceed to national semifinal games, the Mitchell Bowl. The participant conferences of each bowl are determined several years in advance on a rotating basis, the winners of each bowl game meet in the Vanier Cup national championship, first established in 1965 and named in honour of Governor General Georges Vanier. The game was held in Toronto every year through 2003 when host conference bids were first accepted, yielding a move to Hamilton for 2004 and 2005, followed by Saskatoon in 2006. In 2007, the returned to Toronto, along with the Grey Cup. The Vanier Cup game moved back to Hamilton in 2008 before heading to Quebec City for the 2009 and 2010 games, the 2011 Vanier Cup was played in the newly renovated BC Place in Vancouver

7.
Hamilton Tigers (football)
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The club was a founding member of both the ORFU in 1883 and the IRFU in 1907. Throughout their history, the Tigers won five Grey Cup Championships as well as winning the Dominion Championship in 1908, the year before the Grey Cup was awarded. After struggling to compete on a financial level with the Hamilton Wildcats, who had joined the ORFU in 1941 and later the IRFU. The first game in history took place on December 18,1869 against the 13th Battalion where the final score was not recorded. The club was first referred to as the Tigers in their first game against the Toronto Argonauts at the University of Toronto. In that game, which was won by Toronto by a Goal, on January 6,1883, the Ontario Rugby Football Union was formed to provide a structured league of rugby-football play among teams based in Ontario. The Hamilton Tigers were one of the first 16 teams in this league, the Tigers initially played well, but could not advance to the championship game. It wasnt until 1888 that they met Ottawa College in the ORFU Final, after seven years in the league, the Tigers won their first ORFU championship in 1890 over Queens University by a score of 8-6, bringing the city of Hamilton their first championship team. They would go on to win the ORFU Championship in 1897 over Osgoode Hall 16-8, in 1898, the Canadian Rugby Union instituted regular season play, whereas the teams would be solely playing a playoff-like structure prior. While it intensified play between the Toronto Argonauts, Ottawa Rough Riders, and Kingston Granites, it also exposed Hamilton as the weaker of the four. However, the Tigers returned to form in 1903 and would proceed to dominate all competition in the ORFU, there were, however, several disputes with the Canadian Rugby Union and the Quebec Rugby Football Union that prevented the Tigers from competing for a national championship from 1903-1905. It wasnt until 1906, where the Tigers finally agreed to play the QRFU rules, in 1908, the Tigers would win the last national championship to be awarded before the introduction of the Grey Cup trophy in 1909. The Alerts having challenged the authority of the ORFU during that season, would not be reinstated into the union, the Tigers would go on to win their first Grey Cup over the Toronto Parkdale Canoe Club in 1913 by a score of 44-2. They would win their second Grey Cup two years later in the last Grey Cup game to be played before World War I interrupted play for three years. After the Great War, the Tigers struggled to return to the game, while only qualifying for post-season play twice in the following seven years. It wasnt until 1927 that Hamilton once again reached the Grey Cup by defeating Queens, however, their fortunes would change as they played the Regina Roughriders in the first radio play-by-play broadcast Grey Cup game in a 30-3 victory for the Tabbies. The Tigers would again post victories over the Roughriders the next year in 1929, however, the Tigers would earn the dubious distinction of becoming the first team to lose to a team based in Western Canada, to the Winnipeg Pegs in the 23rd Grey Cup. After their loss to Winnipeg, the fortunes of the Tigers waned as they did not have a record in the next five years

8.
Ottawa Rough Riders
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The Ottawa Rough Riders were a Canadian Football League team based in Ottawa, Ontario, founded in 1876. Formerly one of the oldest and longest lived professional sports teams in North America and their most dominant era was the 1960s and 1970s, a period in which they won five Grey Cups. The teams fortunes waned in the 1980s and 1990s and they ceased operations following the 1996 season. Five years later, a new CFL team known as the Ottawa Renegades was founded, the Ottawa Redblacks, who own the Rough Riders intellectual properties, joined the league in 2014. Founded,1876 Folded,1996 Formerly known as, Ottawa Football Club 1876 to 1897, the teams colours were cerise, grey, and navy blue. The club adopted the name Ottawa Rough Riders on Friday, September 9,1898 and changed its colours to red. Since then, red and black have been Ottawas traditional sporting colours, the team changed its nickname to Ottawa Senators from 1925 to 1930. The teams had historically belonged to leagues, which were not truly merged until the late 1950s. When the CFL was formed they were allowed to keep their long-standing names, on four occasions, the two teams met in the Grey Cup. Ottawas first Canadian championship came in 1898, the Ottawa Football Club transferred from the Quebec Union to the Ontario League that season. In those days, Ottawa athletes played in sports and the Riders had athletes famous in other sports, such as Harvey Pulford. The Riders moved back to the Quebec Union, winning the 1903 Quebec championship, in 1905, Ottawa won the Quebec title, only to lose to the Toronto Varsity team 11–9 in the Canadian championship. The club absorbed the Ottawa St. Pats when the Riders helped found the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union in 1907, the Riders would win the IRFU championship in 1909 over the Hamilton Tigers, but lost in the Canadian final in Toronto to Toronto Varsity. During the decline of the Riders, another Ottawa team, Ottawa St. Brigids, was on an ascent, St. Brigids, which played in the Ottawa City league, and later the Ontario league, was developing top talent. In 1923, St. Brigids and the Riders merged, with St. Brigids manager Jim McCaffery becoming the manager of the Riders, McCaffery would be a member of the Riders executive for several decades. The team won the Grey Cup in 1925 and 1926, a time when they were known as the Ottawa Senators, in 1925, Ottawa defeated three-time defending champion Queens in the Eastern semi-final. Ottawa then defeated Winnipeg 24–1 in the championship, held in Ottawa, the team was led by top players such as Eddie Emerson, Joe Tubman, Joe Miller, Jess Ketchum, Jack Pritchard, Harold Starr and Don Young. The Riders went back into a decline after the championships, again, another Ottawa team, the Ottawa Rangers, was developing talent and enjoying success, winning the Quebec title

9.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker

10.
Toronto Varsity Blues
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The Toronto Varsity Blues is the intercollegiate sports program at the University of Toronto. Its 43 athletic teams participate in competitions held by Ontario University Athletics. The Varsity Blues traces its founding to 1877, with the formation of the football team. The mens ice hockey plays in the Ontario University Athletics conference. The team is based at Varsity Arena, the current Varsity Blues have won ten U Sports Championships. The mens ice hockey team was founded in 1891, the Varsity Blues senior team won the Allan Cup in 1921 and 1927, and won the gold medal at the 1928 Winter Olympics. Conn Smythe, the owner of the NHL Toronto Maple Leafs and builder of Maple Leaf Gardens, chose Royal Blue. The Maple Leafs are popularly known as The Blue & White by many of their older fans, the Nordic skiing team competes against Ontario universities each year at the OUA Championships in February after qualifying races earlier in the season. The team has grown in size and experience since Hans Fischer stepped up to the position of coach in the 2005-06 season. The University of Toronto Rowing Club represents the Varsity Blues at local and international regattas, list of University of Toronto people Official website

An American cartoon published in Judge, Feb. 6, 1897: Columbia (representing the American people) reaches out to the oppressed Cuba (the caption under the chained child reads "Spain's 16th Century methods") while Uncle Sam (representing the US government) sits blindfolded, refusing to see the atrocities or use his guns to intervene (cartoon by Grant E. Hamilton).