VOTING RIGHTS

For the last two hundred years, America has boasted to the world about its democratic institutions.

America has spent a lot time invading and killing people in
other countries in a effort to make them as "free" as America.

The foundation of democracy is the right to vote and the respect
for that vote. Unfortunately, America has one of the worst records
in the developed world here.

In 2000 and in 2016 the loser of the Presidential election
actually got appointed President due to America's antique and idiotic electoral
college system.

So there are clearly issues facing America's democratic institutions. We will examine these below, as well as possible solutions.

LOW VOTER REGISTRATION

The United States is one of the few representative democracies that places the burden of registering to vote on individual citizens. Today, one-quarter to one-third of all eligible Americans remain unregistered to vote, and are unable to cast a ballot that will count. It would be much simpler, and much more democratic, if all American citizens were simply registered to vote at birth, like what is done in other countries.

Of the citizens who are registered to vote, only about half of them do so.

Part of the problem is that even for many people who want to vote, it is difficult. Election day is not a national holiday in the U.S. Other countries that have higher voter turnout have their elections on weekends and holidays. America is one of the few nations that doesn't vote on the weekend, as you can see on the map above.

There are also many other difficulties U.S. voters must face: long lines, malfunctioning outdated voting machines, confusion over voting restrictions, voter intimidation and voter registration problems.

LACK OF REPRESENTATION FOR THE PEOPLE LIVING IN THE NATION'S CAPITAL

For the 700,000 people who live as citizens in Washington D.C, they have no representation in Congress. While D.C. residents can vote in the presidential elections, as well as local elections for mayor and for city council, they do not have the same rights proportionate to the states with the ability to elect a representative in the Congress and Senate. Also, people in D.C. only get three electoral college votes, and are required to have less electoral votes than the least populous states, even though D.C. has more people than Wyoming and Vermont.

THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE

As one of the worlds oldest representative governments, the United States' voting system is mired with outdated policies, including the Electoral College. Even worse, the Electoral College is actually a vestige of slavery and racism. When the founders of the U.S. Constitution in 1787 considered whether America should let the people elect their president through a popular vote, James Madison said, “Negroes” in the South presented a “difficulty … of a serious nature.” During that same speech on Thursday, July 19, Madison instead proposed a prototype for the same Electoral College system the country uses today. Each state has a number of electoral votes roughly proportioned to population and the candidate who wins the majority of votes wins the election.

So because of the Electoral College, the presidential election is basically chosen by 538 electors.

THE TWO PARTY SYSTEM

Another large problem is America's two-party system. It is pretty much impossible in the United States for a third party to win a national election. In the 2016 presidential election, the Libertarian Party won just 3% of the vote and the Green Party received a measily 1%. In many other countries, there is an instant-runoff voting system, where instead of just voting for only a single candidate, voters can rank the candidates in order of preference, which allows for greater plurality in elections.

The problems facing third parties are compounded by restrictive ballot access laws and other barriers that the major parties have erected to protect their defacto monopoly.

LOW VOTER TURN OUT

Lastly, low voter turnout is another major issue. Only half of eligible voters even went out to vote in the 2016 presidential elections. (PBS). In fact, out of all the countries in the world with representative governments, the United States actually has one of the lowest voter turnout rates. For example, in lower house elections between 1960-1995, Australia had the highest voter turnout rate (95%) and the United States had the lowest (48%), putting it even below countries like Pakistan, Russia, Venezuela and Slovakia. (Statistics from Mark N. Franklin's "Electoral Participation", found in Controversies in Voting Behavior (2001). Includes only "free" elections).

And when it comes to national elections world wide, the U.S. also has one of the lowest voter turnout rates, finding itself near the bottom of the list, below countries like Belgium, Turkey, South Korea and Israel (Statista 2016).

So, considering all these different issues, we believe it is high time that the "land of the free" change its policies to give actual freedom and democracy a chance.