北美作业代写：Reform of north Korea's currency

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Reform of north Korea's currency，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了朝鲜货币的改革。2009年12月，朝鲜货币进行改革，旧货币已停止使用，只能兑换新货币。朝鲜这次货币改革主要是为了应对通货膨胀，打击黑市交易，消除经济失衡的现象。但是改革引发了朝鲜民众的愤怒和抵制，市场价格混乱。

North
Korean foreign ministry officials informed the diplomatic corps in Pyongyang,
capital of the DPRK, on December 1, 2009 that the original north Korean
currency was suspended from November 30 to replace the new currency. The
exchange rate between old and new currencies is 1 to 100. According to north
Korean officials, the change is intended to tackle inflation, crack down on
black-market transactions and eliminate economic imbalances. But the reforms
sparked anger and resistance among north Koreans, and market prices were
chaotic. The main reasons for the failure of north Korean currency reform and
its social impact are briefly analyzed.

The
background of currency reform can be traced back to 2002, when north Korea
implemented the "July 1" economic reform, price liberalization,
commodity price rise, started to carry out independent economic accounting in
production, and recognized the existence of profits. However, the limited
economic achievements were mostly put into military use by Kim jong il's
regime. Meanwhile, in recent years, north Korea has been constantly subjected
to economic sanctions due to international dissatisfaction caused by the
nuclear security issues on the Korean peninsula. North Korea's economy has not
been radically overhauled by economic reforms. Instead, soaring prices have led
to severe inflation, making life harder for millions of people.

North
Korean markets and workplaces were disrupted between 11am and 14am after the
November 30 decision to exchange the currency, according to north Korean media.
After news of the currency reform broke, most residents in Pyongyang were
confused about the reform and lost confidence in the currency. The dollar's
black-market rate in north Korea is 1 to 2, 000 won to 3, 000 won after the revaluation.

After
the implementation of the currency reform, it did not achieve the expected
control of inflation and stabilize the black market. On the contrary, people
tried to spend too much of the old currency before the deadline, leading to the
soaring commodity prices and further economic chaos in north Korea. The reasons
for the failure of this reform can be analyzed from both political and economic
aspects.

Although
the north Korean authorities have repeatedly carried out economic reforms, they
have struggled to make significant progress, which is primarily attributed to
the country's national development strategy. Much of the state's money has been
invested in military development and has not paid enough attention to economic
development, so a single currency change cannot fundamentally change north
Korea's long-standing economic problems.

The
currency reform was forced by the north Korean authorities to change the
economic phenomenon of soaring prices and drastic currency devaluation caused
by the 7.1 economic reform in 2002. Although officially aimed to eliminate the
economic imbalance, the sudden implementation of the currency reform has
instead caused social chaos. The main reason for this phenomenon is that the
government announced the monetary reform without notice, and suddenly the
personal savings accumulated by the people for a long time were
"nationalized", causing the public's strong dissatisfaction.

The
north Korean authorities used force to impose reforms and suppress the voices
of discontent among the people, causing dissatisfaction with the government. At
the same time, north Korean authorities set a cap on the amount of money that
can be exchanged, and ordered Banks to deposit any money above that limit.

The
planned economy is the main cause of the failure of monetary reform. The main
purpose of this monetary reform is to weaken the role of the market and
strengthen the order of planned economy management. However, under the planned
economy system, price changes lose flexibility and it is difficult to adjust
the supply of commodities in the market. Under north Korea's way of rationing
goods, the production of goods is often lack of motive power, and the
phenomenon of insufficient supply often occurs. The introduction of currency
reform, the adjustment of commodity prices, but the role of the market in
adjusting the supply of goods, so when more and more people want to buy more
goods, it drives the crazy rise of commodity prices on the black market,
causing social and economic instability.

The
monetary-reform reform has only raised people's incomes on the surface, but not
fundamentally increased national output. Therefore, economic production still
lacks impetus, resources cannot be rationally allocated, enterprises lack the
sense of competition and enthusiasm for production, and people's living
standards have not been improved in essence.

Politically,
the use of force and the imposition of currency reforms has exacerbated popular
discontent with the regime and increased social instability.

First,
the most immediate effect is to cause rising prices and higher inflation. Due
to the currency exchange limit, most people hope to spend the surplus money
within the time limit, resulting in a sharp rise in prices. In the short term,
people's living standards deteriorate.

This
currency reform has discouraged businessmen and affected the development of
trade. The government ordered the new money to be exchanged for old money,
essentially nationalizing the private property of the more affluent merchants.
This kind of behavior will dampen the enthusiasm of businessmen engaged in
legitimate foreign trade and commodity business, and bring the north Korean
economy back to the origin of planned economy.

Due
to the instability of north Korea caused by the currency reform and the change
of north Korea's currency exchange rate, the stable development of border trade
is affected.

The
July 1 reform in 2002 was called the starting point of the new era reform in
north Korea, bringing about the transformation of the north Korean economic
system. But the currency reform in late 2009 was designed to bring the north
Korean economy back under the purview of planned economic management, which
eventually led to further deterioration of the north Korean economy. Not long
ago, Kim jong-il's visit to China attracted attention. One of his purposes was
to seek economic assistance from China after the failure of currency reform. As
north Korea's main neighbor, China should pay close attention to the
development of future developments in north Korea and make various
considerations according to its economic and political changes. At the same
time, China should draw lessons from the reform of the DPRK and steadily push
forward the reform and development of the Chinese economy on the basis of
conforming to China's national conditions.