How were social movements funded before and do you think organizations can follow the same strategies today?

Hello TED community members!

Social services emerged as a solution to solve present-day issues i.e. safety nets including conditional cash transfers or social security benefits. On the other hand, some still believe in social empowerment for long-term outcomes thus they support community organisations that build social movements. With this in mind, how were former movements funded (i.e. civil rights movement, Cezar Chavez, etc...)? what different understanding of resources that they had then, that we are not cognisant of today? Do you think we can still use the same strategies that they did? (This question is U.S.-centric, but comments from international experiences are very welcome).