biology

What is the percentage of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide that we breath in?

Oxygen-21% Nitrogen-71% Carbon Dioxide-0.03%

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What is the percentage of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide that we breath out?

Oxygen-18% Nitrogen-79% Carbon Dioxide-3%

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Arteries and Veins- where do they go?

Arteries go away from the heart and Veins go towards the heart

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What is the circulatory system?

The circulatory system is responsible for pumping blood around the body. We need blood to be taken around the body because blood contains oxygen and glucose. these are needed so that all the cells in our body can produce energy through respiration.

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Main organs in the circulatory system?

The heart, lungs and kindey.

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Why is the Alveoli good at exchanging gas?

Because they have a large surface area, they have a good blood supply, and they are moist.

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What is the bronchus?

It is where the trachea splits into two.

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What do white blood cells do?

They eat the microbe, they produce antibodies, and they produce antitoxins to neutralise the poisons produced by the microbe.

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What is digestion?

It is the breakdown of large insoluble food particles into small soluble molecules by a combination of mechanical and chemical breakdown.

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When does mechanical breakdown occur?

Through mastication (chewing in the mouth)

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What does Peristalsis do?

It keeps your food going down into the digestive system.

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Why do we need saliva?

To break down large molecules into small ones, break down starch and also to moisten your throat and mouth.

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Bacterial cells?

they are much smaller than animal cells, the cells wall is not made of celluose, it has a simple loop of DNA and it has a flagellum for movement

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Viral particals?

They are even smaller than a bacterial cell, it has a protein coat around the outside, and it has a very simple piece of DNA

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Fungus?

It has a network of threads that is part of the main fungus called a Mycellium and it has a sporangium that releases spores.

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What is natural immunity?

This is when antibodies are produced by a person when needed or they are passed on by the mother during pregnancy

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What is artificial immunity?

A vaccine with dead microbes is injected- the body is tricked into producing antibodies ready for the real thing. This is called passive immunisation.

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What is Adaptation?

it is when organisms are adapted to the habitat they live in. in other words they have features that help them to survive where they live.

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Polar Bears Adaptation?

thick, insulating skin, sharp claws, grippy paws, camoflaged.

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Camels adaptation?

Long eyelashes, double eyelids, large hoofs.

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Cactus' adaptation?

Wide roots, spikes, water storage, absorbent.

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Fishes adaptation?

Swim bladder so that it can rise and drop in the water, streamlined, eyes on either side of head to watch out for predators