The Chess Era (1955-1966)

Most of Chuck Berry's fame is based on the recordings he made
for Leonard and Phil Chess of CHESS Record Company between 1955
and 1966. During this time, Chuck Berry recorded all the classic
numbers such as Sweet Little Sixteen, Memphis, Tennessee, Johnny
B. Goodeor Roll Over Beethoven. These songs have
been covered and covered again by many other artists such as the
Beatles, the Rolling Stones, the Beach Boys and almost every
other Rock 'n' Roll singer and band. (see also the chapter on related albums)

Although most of the material recorded during Chuck's work
with the Chess brothers had been published until 1966, later
re-issues and records provided additional material from these
recording sessions. In addition there are some live recordings
from this era which have not been released on Chess but on
different labels many years later. This chapter will present you
with the original Chess records first, followed by additional Chess recordings
and out-takes published later. The chapter ends with a
presentation of the live recordings
between 1955 and 1966.

The Original Chess Records

Chuck Berry's first recording session at Chess Records,
Chicago took place May 21st, 1955. Four songs were recorded which
were released on two 45/78 rpm records later that year: Maybellene
b/w Wee Wee Hours (Chess 1604, July 1955) and Thirty
Days b/w Together We Will Always Be (Chess 1610,
September 1955).

Due to the big
success of these records (Chess 1604 became No. 1 in Billboard's
Rhythm & Blues charts.) Chess organized another recording
session in December of the same year which among other songs
produced the next single No Money Down b/w Down
Bound Train (Chess 1615, December 1955). Important for
collectors of Chuck Berry's Music is that this session also
produced material which was not commercially enough to make it on
a 45/78 rpm record. Roly Poly and Berry Pickin'
were kept for publication on the After School Sessionalbum, while I've Changed
remained unpublished until 1979.

Since most single releases have been re-published on samplers
multiple times, I will not list all the singles released during
the Chess era. I will concentrate on the albums because most
of them have been re-released several times (even on CD) and are
easier to get for a collector. Of course many collectors also try
to get all the 45/78 rpm records as well as the EPs Chuck made.
Given his enormous output, even trying to get re-releases of all
the albums is a major task for a collector.

In 1956 Chess
released three more singles followed by Chuck Berry's first
album. The singles were Roll Over Beethovenb/w Drifting
Heart (Chess 1626, May 1956), Too Much Monkey Businessb/w
Brown Eyed Handsome Man (Chess 1635, September 1956),
and You Can't Catch Me b/w Havana Moon (Chess
1645, November 1956). You Can't Catch Me is the
song Chuck performed in the film Rock, Rock, Rock (Video: , DVD: ) also released in 1956. Due to this,
Chuck's first album on Chess was named the same as the film: Rock,
Rock, Rock (Chess LP-1425, December 1956). The album was
sold as the motion picture soundtrack, which was not true, of
course. On one hand the film featured many other artists not
contracted by Chess Records, on the other hand Chuck performs
only one of the songs displayed on the album. Besides You
Can't Catch Me the album contains Maybellene, Thirty Days, and Roll Over Beethoven. The remaining eight
songs on Rock, Rock, Rock are performed by two
successful groups from Chess: The Flamingos and The
Moonglows. In a later Chess session the Moonglows sang
background vocals for Chuck on tunes like Back in the USA.
Rock, Rock, Rock has been re-issued on CD (Green Line
CDCHESS 1016 ).

Beginning with 1957 albums (LPs)
became popular. Also Chuck Berry's music now more and more
appeared on albums instead of 45s/78s. In most cases LPs were a
collection of an artist's hit singles. But pretty soon artists
worked more and more for their albums which then started to
contain many songs not published on singles. The first true Chuck
Berry album was called After School Session (Chess
LP-1426, May 1957 ). The record contains the remaining contents of
the first six Chess singles. In
addition the album contains Roly Poly and Berry
Pickin' from Chuck second recording session at Chess plus
the two songs from his latest single School Day [Schoolday
(Ring Ring Goes the Bell)]b/w Deep Feeling (Chess
1653, March 1957).

An EP (Extended Play record) of the
same name (Chess EP 5118, May 1957) contains four songs from the
album. Notable on this EP is the nice picture cover (right)
designed by Don Bronstein, who also created many of the other
sleeves you see here. Additional
Chess releases in 1957 are Oh Baby Doll b/w La
Juanda (Chess 1664, June 1957) and Rock and Roll Music
b/w Blue Feeling (Chess 1671, September 1957). All four
songs are also on the EP Rock and Roll Music (Chess EP
5119). Collectors should note that there are minor differences between the single version of La Juanda and the one on the EP which is subsequently re-issued on albums and CDs.

Starting
1957 the Chess brothers also began to license Chuck Berry's
recordings to other record companies. In the beginning those
companies only re-issued what had been hit records in the U.S. In
later years however we find Chuck Berry recordings published
outside the U.S. which had not appeared there. We will see some
examples later. Here are two 1957 releases by Columbia Records of
Great Britain and by London Records of Germany.

1958 started with one of Chuck's
major hits: Sweet Little Sixteenb/w Reelin' and
Rockin' (Chess 1683, January 1958). In March 1958 Chess
released Chuck Berry's next album called One Dozen Berrys
(Chess LP-1432 ). The album contained the six songs published
since the release of the last album, though La Juanda
appears in a different mix here. Blue Feeling is on that
album twice: in its original form and at half speed entitled Low
Feeling. Additional new songs on One Dozen Berrys are
Guitar Boogie, In-Go, Rock at the Philharmonic, It Don't Take
But a Few Minutes, and How You've Changed.

Also in March
1958 Chess released the next Chuck Berry classic: Johnny B.
Goode b/w Around and Around (Chess 1691). Over the
next year they published another six singles, most of the songs
were then put on the next album Berry is on Top. The
singles were Beautiful Delilahb/w Vacation Time
(Chess 1697, both songs were rarities until they appeared on LPs
in the Sixties and Seventies), Carol b/w Hey Pedro
(Chess 1700), Sweet Little Rock and Roller b/w Jo Jo
Gunne (Chess 1709), the Christmas songs Merry Christmas
Baby b/w Run Rudolph Run (Chess 1714), Anthony
Boyb/w That's My Desire (Chess 1716, another
long-time rarity), and Almost Grownb/w Little
Queenie (Chess 1722).

Berry
is on Top (Chess LP-1435, July 1959 ) with the next
strawberry cover was kind of a greatest hits sampler. It even
contained the classics Maybellene and Roll Over
Beethoven along with Almost Grown, Carol, Sweet Little
Rock and Roller, Anthony Boy, Johnny B. Goode, Little Queenie, Jo
Jo Gunne, Around and Around, and Hey Pedro. The
only new song on this album is Chuck's nice Blues For
Hawaiians.

Shortly before Berry is on Top Chess released another
Chuck Berry classic: Back in the USAb/w Memphis,
Tennessee (Chess 1729). It's interesting to note that Memphis
was released on the B-side of this single only and that it made
it neither to the Berry is on Top album nor to the
following one. Additional Chess releases in 1959 and 1960 were Broken Arrowb/w Childhood Sweetheart (Chess 1737), Too
Pooped to Popb/w Let it Rock (Chess 1747), Bye Bye Johnnyb/w Worried Life Blues (Chess 1754), and I Got to Find My Babyb/w Mad Lad (Chess 1763). All eight songs were put on the following Chess album Rockin' at the Hops.

In between, that is in
November 1959 Chess released another Chuck Berry record. This one
however appeared on Chess' Argo sub-label, and it was not
published as a Chuck Berry record at all. Say You'll Be Mine
b/w Let Me Sleep Woman (Argo 5353) was released as by The
Ecuadors. This vocal group (which were in fact for Etta James, Harvey Fuqua, and Billy Davis) accompanied Chuck's band during
the Chess sessions in July 1959. You can also hear them on Betty
Jean, Childhood Sweetheart, Broken Arrow, and Too Pooped
to Pop, for instance. The Argo record uses the same setup,
only that the name on the record is different. Both songs were
even written by Chuck Berry, who used his alias E. Anderson
on Let Me Sleep Woman as well as on Let it Rock.
Chuck's complete name is Charles Edward Anderson Berry.
(On the Argo record itself the composer is listed as one R.
Butler with copyright belonging to Chuck Berry Music,
Inc..)

The album Rockin'
at the Hops (Chess LP 1448 ) was released in July 1960. It
contained the eight songs listed above plus four additional
songs, three of which not written by Chuck. The new songs were Down the Road Apiece, Confessin' the Blues, Betty Jean, and Driftin'
Blues. The same LP was also published outside the U.S. under
the name Rockin' With Chuck (Chess International PAR
031).

The single Jaguar and the Thunderbirdb/w Our Little Rendezvous (Chess 1767, October 1960) ended Chuck Berry's 1960 releases. In 1961 Chess released only two 45 rpm
records: I'm Talking About Youb/w Little Star (Chess 1779, February 1961) and Come Onb/w Go Go Go
(Chess 1799, October 1961). Due to Chuck's trials during this
year, interest in his records was low.

This also holds true for his next album New Juke Box Hits (Chess LP-1456, March 1961 ). As there were no singles, the album contains a lot of material which has not been available elsewhere for a long time. New Juke Box Hits includes cover versions of hits by Nat Cole, B. B. King, Tampa Red, and Little Richard (Route 66, Sweet Sixteen, Don't You Lie to Me, and Rip it Up) as well as some
new Chuck Berry: I'm Talking About You, Diploma For Two, Thirteen Question Method, Away From You, The Way it Was Before, Little Star, Run Around, and
Stop and Listen.

During his first imprisonment from February 1962 to October
1963. Chuck was not allowed to record any new material. But Chess
wanted to sell records. So they released Chuck Berry Twist
(Chess LP-1465, February 1962 ) which was another collection of Chuck's
Greatest Hits. The record is also known as More Chuck Berry
and Rhythm & Blues Rendez-Vous. (Note that the UK
release of More Chuck Berryis
slightly different.)

Then something strange happened. A new generation of musicians
became very successful: The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, The
Beach Boys, et cetera. And they played ... Chuck Berry
music. And they told everyone that it was Chuck Berry music they
play. So in August 1963 the Chess brothers took from their
archives what hasn't been released so far and created a Chuck
Berry album with new songs.

For
some reason they also thought that this album would sell better
if it sounded and looked like it was recorded live on stage. So
they dubbed live audience to the tapes and called the album Chuck
Berry On Stage (Chess LP-1480, August 1963). Of course this was
a lie just like the note including Surfin' USA. Chuck
Berry never recorded Surfin' USA even though the Chess
Brothers concurrently released a 45 rpm single with Sweet Little Sixteen(subtitled Surfin' USA) b/w Memphis (Chess 1866), again both titles 'enhanced' with fake
audience. We all know that it were the Beach Boys who covered Sweet Little Sixteen and added their own lyrics.

Chuck Berry On Stage contains the well-known hit
versions of Maybellene(mis-spelled Maybelline),
Memphis, Let it Rock(re-titled Rocking on the
Railroad), Go Go Go, Sweet Little Sixteen
(re-titled Surfin' USA), and Jaguar and the Thunderbird. In addition the album includes a new version of
Brown Eyed Handsome Man and the new songs Surfin' Steel(a version of Blues For Hawaiiansoriginally recorded
and later published as Crying Steel), Still Got the Blues, I Just Want to Make Love to You, All Aboard, Trick or Treat, and The Man and the Donkey. Not listed on
the US cover but also included is a recording of How High the Moon.

As
said all these songs were modified to sound like recorded with
audience. Undubbed versions of most of these songs became
available on albums in the Seventies
and Eighties. While Chuck Berry On Stage has been
re-issued under various titles many times, there is one version
of this album which is of special interest for the Chuck Berry
collector. The
French variant Chuck Berry A L'Olympia (Barclay 80258, March 1965)
contains not only a French language introduction to the 'show' on the LP (the original version and all re-issues contain
an English language introduction), but also true live recordings from Chuck. However these are not songs but just some of the introductions recorded during a French live show (and of course completely unrelated to the songs of the album). Due to these additional segments, one song on each side (Go Go Go and How High the Moon) is omitted. It would
be really nice to finally release the original recording the French introductions were cut from.

Back from prison, Chuck Berry returned into the Chess studios.
In early 1964 Chess Records released the first true new songs: Nadineb/w O Rangutang (Chess 1883) and No Particular Place to Go
b/w You Two (Chess 1898). Those were
accompanied by a new album Chuck Berry's Greatest Hits
(Chess LP-1485) containing nothing new. In England however, Pye
Records now created their own albums which corresponded to the
huge interest in Chuck Berry on this side of the Atlantic Ocean.
The records published by Pye International often contained
material that was not released in the U.S.

A first example was More Chuck
Berry (Pye NPL 28028, December 1963 ), which included the rare single Beautiful
Delilah. Then came The Latest and the Greatest (Pye
NPL 28031, May 1964 ). This record included some old numbers (Deep Feeling, Guitar Boogie, Driftin' Blues, Bye Bye Johnny, Don't You Lie to Me, and Jaguar and the Thunderbird) together with
the four songs from the latest Chess singles. And it
included unreleased material: Fraulein, Lonely All the Time
(a.k.a. Crazy Arms), Things I Used to Do, and
specially for England the Liverpool Drive.

Later that
year Pye released another LP called You Never Can Tell
(Pye NPL 28039, September 1964 ). This one contained the songs
from a new Chess single: You Never Can Tellb/w Brenda Lee (Chess 1906) coupled with well-known classics (Diploma For Two, The
Way It Was Before, Around and Around, Back in the USA, Run Around, Reelin' and Rockin', and Come On).
In addition the record contained three new songs: Promised Land(to be released in the U.S. in November 1964), The Little Girl From Central, and Big Ben Blues. The
two Pye LPs have been re-released on a single CD BGOCD428 by BGO . However, there is a small difference
between this re-release and the originals. O Rangutang
on the CD is in its complete length, while it was
shortened on the original singles and albums.

Meanwhile
in the U.S. the Chess brothers again published two Chuck Berry
numbers not on their Chess label, but on another label. Two
Great Guitars (CHECKER 2991, August 1964 ) basically contains
two jam sessions of Chuck Berry together with Bo Diddley and
Chess session artists. The so-called Chuck's Beatlasts
10:40 minutes, Bo's Beat even longer: more than 14
minutes. The record was filled with two other instrumentals, Liverpool Drive (Chuck only) and When The Saints Go Marching In
(Bo only). The album has been re-issued by MCA (CHD-9170, 1992)
containing three more Bo Diddley numbers as well as Chuck's
previously unreleased Chuckwalk. Another re-release
without this bonus track is part of the CD Two Great
Guitars/Super Super Blues Band by BGO.

Chuck's Beat b/w Bo's Beat was also released as a 45 rpm single (CHECKER 1089), both jams shortened to less than 3 minutes, however. These edits have been only available on the hard-to-find single until the 16-CD box Rock And Roll Music - Any Old Way You Choose It (Bear Family BCD 17273 PL , 2014).

In September
and November 1964 Chess Record's released Little Marieb/w
Go Bobby Soxer (Chess 1912) and Promised Landb/w
Things I Used to Do (Chess 1916). The same month also
saw the next Chess album. Due to Chuck's success in England, it
was consequently called St. Louis to Liverpool (Chess
LP-1488, November 1964 ). The album contained many of the 1964
songs that yet had to appear on an LP in the U.S.: Little Marie, Our Little Rendezvous (from 1960), No Particular Place to Go, You Two,
Promised Land, You Never Can Tell, Go Bobby Soxer, Things I Used to Do, Liverpool Drive, and Brenda Lee. There was only one new song on this album called Night Beat. And there was Merry Christmas Baby.
Originally released on Chess 1714 in December 1958, this song
re-appeared on the St. Louis to Liverpool album. But for
some reason, Chess used a different recording (alternate take)
from the same session for inclusion here. This makes Chess-LP
1488 an important collector's item.

1965 started
with the release of Dear Dad b/w Lonely School Days
(Chess 1926, March 1965). While the funny Dear Dad was
also used for the upcomming album, this version of Lonely School Dayswas a long time rarity until re-released in the
Nineties.

Still building on Chuck's success in
England, the next Chess album was called Chuck Berry in
London (Chess LP-1495, April 1965 ). And although the U.S.
cover included a big note Recorded in England, this was
only true for eight of the songs included. Except for Dear Dad and Night Beat all recordings on this album
were brand new (although some songs were known before by other
artists): My Little Love-Light, She Once Was Mine, After It's Over, I Got a Booking, His Daughter Caroline, You Came a Long Way From St. Louis, St. Louis Blues, Jamaica Farewell, Butterscotch, The Song of My Love, Why Should We End This Way, and I Want to Be Your Driver. Important for collectors is that the UK version of this album (Chess CRL-4005) contained a slightly shortened version of
She Once Was Mine and a different take/mix of Jamaica Farewell. The album has been reissued
with additional material recorded
live in England 1964.

Fresh
Berry's was released in the UK as Chess CRL-4506 (left,
November 1965 ) and in the U.S. as Chess LP-1498 (right, April
1966). Again, both records are not exactly the same. Where the
UK release contains the song Sad Day - Long Night, the
U.S. version contains the song Welcome Back, Pretty Baby.
The remaining songs are the same on both albums: It Wasn't Me, Run Joe, Everyday We Rock and Roll, One For My Baby, It's My Own Business, Right Off Rampart Street, Vaya Con Dios, Merrily We Rock and Roll, My Mustang Ford, Ain't That Just Like a Woman, and
the Wee Hour Blues.

In June 1966 Chuck Berry left Chess
Records after having worked for them eleven years. The same month
Chess published the last of Chuck Berry's original Chess
releases: Ramona Say Yesb/w Lonely School Days
(Chess 1963, image shows the picture cover of the German issue).
For collectors this is another important record since Ramona Say Yes was not available in other form until the late
Eighties. Lonely School Days is important, because this
version is a completely different recording than the one issued
on Chess 1926 one year earlier. And of interest is that Chess
1963 was also published with the 1956 version of Havana Moon
instead of Lonely School Days.

Additional Chess
Recordings

Chuck Berry returned to Chess Records in November 1969,
recording another set of albums and singles. I will dedicate a
whole chapter to this Back-At-Chess
Era.

However, between 1955 and 1966 Chuck recorded more songs and
versions than just those that have been published by Chess
Records/Pye in the U.S. and England. In later years re-releases
of Chess material not only contained the big hits and the
well-known songs, records also displayed music from the original
Chess tapes which had not been released before. This section will
list all the songs recorded at the Chess studios that have been
published after 1966.

Chess Records themselves was among the least active companies
to publish such material. Their only use of the Chuck Berry
archive was the release of the 2-LP set Chuck Berry's Golden
Decade which was no more than a Best Of collection.
In England Pye Records re-used their archives on their Marble
Arch Records sub-label. In 1966 and 1967 they published three
Chuck Berry records containing material from their first four UK
albums: Chuck Berry (MAL 611), Chuck Berry's
Greatest Hits (MAL 660), and You Never Can Tell
(MAL 702).

All three Marble Arch albums were available in mono and stereo versions. The stereo version of MAL 611 (named MALS 611 on the label) was of interest for the serious Chuck Berry collector.
This version contains an alternate take of Come On and a different recording of Around and Around. While this version of Come On was
re-released later by MCA, the version of Around and Around, which has a different guitar overdub, could be found only here until in 2008 MCA/Universal began to re-release Berry's Chess work in total. Well, almost, as there also was MAL 702 from 1967.
MAL 702 is one of the strangest Chuck Berry albums ever. This is
due to the fact that there are three different records
with the same name and number. First there is a Mono version of
MAL 702. It contains 10 songs. Second there is a Stereo version
MALS 702. It contains the same ten songs, though in true Stereo,
even those that were released in Mono only before. And third
there is another Stereo version of MALS 702 which contains twelve
songs, although both cover and label list only ten. The two additional songs are Come On and Around and Around from MALS 611.

Two other rare songs recorded at Chess prior to 1966 made it
to the 1971 release of San Francisco Dues
(Chess LP 50008): Viva Viva Rock 'n' Roll was previously
unreleased, while Lonely School Days is the version from
the Chess 1963 single. The remaining songs from San Francisco
Dues have been recorded after Chuck's return to Chess in
1970.

In February
1973 Chess Records released Chuck Berry's Golden Decade Vol.
2 (Chess LP 60023, image shows the cover of the UK version).
This 2-LP set contained lesser known songs from Chuck's Chess
era. All of them were published before, except for Betty JeanCarol and Let it Rock. The first is an alternate take, the
second and third are alternate mixes different from the ones released before. Carol has an additional piano overdub while Let It Rock misses the guitar overdub known from the hit version.
Since the cover doesn't make a note on these two, it seems like
someone just took the wrong tapes to master. Another variant of Carol containing a different piano overdub was published the same year on a Japan-only album called From The Beginning 1955-1960 (CHESS SJET-9523-5).

However, the next
release Chuck Berry's Golden Decade Vol. 3 (Chess LP
60028) by intention contained unreleased material. Taken from the
Chess archives were these five songs previously unpublished: Blue On Blue, County Line(a version of Jaguar and the
Thunderbird), House of Blue Lights, Time Wasand Oh Yeah. Also included is the original version of The Man and the Donkey without the live audience dubbed onto Chuck Berry On Stage. The UK version of this record (Chess
6641.177, same cover) has a slightly different contents on record
two, side two. Instead of Viva Viva Rock And Roll and Time Was this release contained Berry Pickin'and the
otherwise unreleased Do You Love Me.

In the
remaining Seventies and early Eighties the Chess archives were
sold several times, but none of the official owners was able or
willing to release anything but the well-known classics. Looking
for Chuck Berry rarities you had to watch the release of private
records a.k.a. bootlegs. The first Chuck Berry bootleg was Rare
Berries (Kozmik KZ-501) which contained rare tracks from his
early albums, though nothing new. For more information about this record read the corresponding blog article.

Then in 1979 America's
Hottest Wax (Reelin' 001, image shows a later picture cover) appeared. This record contained a
lot of rare and unreleased material. For details about this bootleg look at the blog which supplements this page. Along with the two songs
published under the Ecuadors name on Argo
5353, you could find unreleased alternate takes of Rock
and Roll Music, Childhood Sweetheart, Do You Love Me, Reelin' and Rockin', Sweet Little Sixteen(Demo version), Vacation Time(two variants labeled 21 and 21 Blues), and Thirteen Question Method. There were Brown Eyed Handsome Man and How High the Moon from the Chuck
Berry On Stage album less overdubs, and there were two
completely new songs: I've Changed, and One O'clock
Jump. This record was so important and successful that it
was re-released by Chess Records themselves as Chess Masters
(Chess CXMP 2011, March 1983).

In 1985 MCA Records bought the Chess archives. In addition to
producing a new album and film with Chuck (Hail! Hail! Rock
'n' Roll), MCA made true use of the archives. They
re-released many original albums, and they published some
albums/CDs containing rare or previously unreleased material.

Rock
'n' Roll Rarities (Chess LP 92521, March 1986 ) is a 2-LP set. However, it only
contains five versions of songs not heard previously. These are
alternate takes of Sweet Little Sixteen, Rock And Roll Music, Johnny B. Goode,
Beautiful Delilah, and Little Queenie. Collectors should be aware that some of these versions were glued together from different unreleased takes. The most
part of this album is used by remixes of known songs. This means
that MCA used the original tapes but mixed them in a new fashion
to show true Stereo. The Stereo versions on Rock 'n' Roll
Rarities are: Bye Bye Johnny, Nadine, You Never Can Tell, Promised Land, No Particular Place to Go, Little Marie, I Want to Be Your Driver, It Wasn't Me, and Ain't That Just Like a Woman. The remaining songs were either
well-known or previously published on one of the albums listed
here.

The same holds
true for the following album called More Rock 'n' Roll
Rarities (Chess LP 9190, August 1986). Here you'll find only
two new versions: alternate takes of Sweet Little Rock and Rollerand Route 66. Stereo remixes are included of
I Got to Find My Baby, Down the Road Apiece, I'm Talking About You, Go Go Go, and My Mustang Ford.

The
Chess Box (Chess 80001, 1988 ) is a box of six LPs or three
CDs/cassette tapes. More important to the collector is it because
of the nice booklet than because of new songs. On the six LPs
there are only two songs that have not been published before, I'm Just a Lucky So and So, and a different recording of Time Was. In addition you'll find Surfin' Steel from the
Chuck Berry On Stage album, here without audience
overdub and as originally named Crying Steel. And there is a version
of Ramona Say Yes without the added saxophones.

Two years
later Chess published a third volume of the Rock 'n' Roll
rarities series called Missing Berries, Rarities Vol. 3
(Chess CHD-9318, June 1990 ). Again there wasn't much new
contents. There's only one song previously unissued which was so
unknown it didn't even had a name. So it's listed as Untitled
Instrumental. The remaining songs are only rare in that they
had not been published on LPs in the U.S.

In 1992 MCA re-issued the album Two Great Guitars on
CD (CHD-9170). In addition to the original tunes this CD contains
four more songs, one of them the previously unreleased Chuckwalk
by Chuck Berry. The other three numbers are by Bo Diddley.

To find more previously unreleased material from Chuck's Chess era one needs to listen very carefully to re-releases or compilations. This way you could encounter three versions of songs not heard before: Still Got the Blues, I Just Want to Make Love to You, and All Aboard had been published before only on the Chuck Berry On Stage album with fake audience dubbed. They can be heard in their original form on the CDs On the Blues Side (ACE CDCH 397 ) by ACE Records (released in 1993, containing the first two) and Blues(MCA B0000530-02) ) by MCA Records (released in 2003, containing all three). Both CDs also contain many other nice Blues numbers by Chuck.

In 2004 another CD surfaced containing two additional recordings from Chuck's Chess era: Adulteen and I'm in the Twilight Zone (incorrectly listed as "I'm in the Danger Zone"). The ARC Classics (ARC Music Group ARC CB 0402) however could not be bought in shops. It was a not-for-sale promotional item distributed by ARC Music, the publishers of a larger set of Chuck
Berry songs. For details see the section on Radio Show and Promotional Records. In addition to 13 recordings by Chuck himself, the CD presented cover versions by The Groovie Ghoulies, Emmylou Harris, Carson City Playboys, Dr. Feelgood, Taj Mahal, and Nina Simone. As a bonus the CD contains the single Chuck Berry song not recorded by himself: Hey Good Looking was written for and performed by Bo Diddley.

While we were all waiting for MCA, now part of Universal Music, to make better use of the Chess archives, Andy McKaie of Universal and British author Fred Rothwell went through all the old tapes waiting in the Chess vaults to find out whether there would be anything of interest not yet published before. And in early 2008 Hip-O Select, one of Universal's labels, released a first result of this tremendous work. Johnny B. Goode - His Complete '50s Chess Recordings
(HIP-O-Select B0009473-02 ) contains everything the title promises: All of Berry's recordings for Chess from May 1955 to December 1959. Besides being a complete compilation of everything known before, this 4 CD set even came with a multitude of recordings previously unreleased. Most importantly there are two lengthy jam sessions recorded in September 1958. Besides this Long Fast Jam and Long Slow Jam the CD set includes 14 previously unknown alternate takes, in addition to the alternate takes already on records such as Rock 'n' Roll Rarities. Here we newly find additional takes of Sweet Little Sixteen, Night Beat, Time Was (slow version), Reelin' and Rockin', Around and Around, Ingo, 21, Almost Grown (two different takes),
Blue on Blue, Betty Jean, I Just Want to Make Love to You, Broken Arrow, and Too Pooped to Pop. Also to be noted is that the version of Around and Around which was only to be heard on the strange Marble Arch 12-instead-of-10 song record is included as well, of course. The 103 tracks
on this 4 CD set cover Berry's complete work for Chess up to December 1959 including the Ecuadors tracks and the two 1956 live recordings descibed below.

So this was the ultimate collection of everything Berry ever recorded for Chess in the 1950s - we were told. But it is still helpful to carefully listen to new releases. This is how collectors found out about take 6 of Anthony Boy. It was not included in the four CD box above, but made it to the 2008 re-release of Berry Is On Top / St. Louis To Liverpool (Mobile Fidelity UDCD 776 ). Mobile Fidelity remastered the contents of the two Chess albums from the original tapes. So they thought. But by accident, for Anthony Boy the wrong tape was used.
In addition careful listeners encountered that some of the previously known alternate takes of Sweet Little Sixteen and Johnny B. Goode were missing from the 4-CD set.

In 2009, a second set of Chess masters was released. You Never Can Tell - His Complete Chess Recordings 1960-1966 (HIP-O-Select B0012485-02 ) contains everything from the next six years, that is everything up to the end of this page's era. Again this four-CD set contains everything listed above with one single exception: I'm in the Twilight Zone from the ARC promo
above is missing on this set. Instead there is an alternative take called I'm in the Danger Zone included. Other alt. takes can be heard of Go Go Go and His Daughter Caroline. Previously unknown songs are Spending Christmas, Honey Hush, and an 1965 recording of Shake, Rattle & Roll. Also included are instrumental versions of Wee Wee Hours, My Mustang Ford, and Brown Eyed Handsome Man. And there's the last song previously only available with dubbed audience. Trick or Treat. The highlight of this release is a 45 minute performance of Berry recorded by Chess in 1963 (see below). These CD sets for now summarize Berry's complete studio work for Chess up to 1966.

But there are still unreleased recordings in the Chess vaults. Another previously unreleased instrumental called Fast B 6 made it to the 2014 release of Bear Family's omnibus Rock And Roll Music - Any Old Way You Choose It (Bear Family BCD 17273 PL )

Live Recordings (1955-1966)

Many of the well-known Chess
recordings have been modified and re-published with fake
applause. These variants have been used often on budget LPs to
make them more interesting.

Chess never published a true live recording by Chuck Berry
until The Chuck
Berry London Sessions in 1972. However, there are
live recordings made during Chuck's early Chess era, and some of
them are available on records or CDs.

Two
years later (July 5th, 1958) Chuck performed at the Newport Jazz
Festival. Parts of this show have been published in 1992 by
Phontastic (PHONT NCD 8815 ) as Blues in the Night, No. 1. On this CD Chuck is introduced to
the audience and then performs School Day, No Money Down,
Sweet Little Sixteen, and Johnny B. Goode. The
performance of Sweet Little Sixteen has also been filmed
by Bert Stern and used in his concert film Jazz on a Summer's
Day (Video , DVD ). As such it is also
included in Charly Records' soundtrack CD (Jazz on a Summer's
Day, Charly CDGR 196 ). And the same recording can be found
on the CD Our Little Rendez-Vous (WOLF 2120 CD ), this time however obviously taped directly
from the movie, which means at terrible sound quality.

In October 1963 Chess Records cut four Chuck Berry shows at the Walled Lake Casino, Detroit. These recordings remained unreleased until most of the third and fourth show were included on the four-CD set You Never Can Tell - His Complete Chess Recordings 1960-1966 (HIP-O-Select B0012485-02 , 2009) This 45 minute live performance included very interesting versions of Guitar Boogie, Let It Rock, Almost Grown(!), Johnny B. Goode, Sweet Little
Sixteen, Wee Wee Hours, and Maybellene. Several included dialogs show Berry telling jokes to the audience. And probably the best part of this concert is the closing medley of Goodnight Sweetheart Goodnight/Johnny B. Goode/School Day which runs for 11 minutes. All four shows including the segments which were excluded here were then released in their whole on the Bear Family 16-CD set noted above.

An additional live recording of Chuck Berry from his early Chess
era was recorded in May 1964 for the British BBC Saturday Club radio show. These recordings appeared first on the 4-LP set Dominoes & King Size
Taylor (Merseyside's Greatest MGBOX 801005, published 1980).
Here you find Brian Matthew of BBC (British Broadcasting)
interviewing both Chuck Berry and King Size Taylor, and you hear
Chuck and the Dominoes performing Memphis, Sweet Little
Sixteen, Nadine, and Johnny B. Goode. Unfortunately on this vinyl album only the
last song can be heard in full, the other three songs are on the
album only in excerpts. Memphis Tennessee
and Sweet Little Sixteen plus a recording of School Days could later be found in their full lengths on the CD described next, though the sound quality on the LP is a lot better than on the CD. In 2014 Bear Family's 16-CD box finally contained all these recordings in full length and full quality.

Early in 1965 Berry toured Europe again. On February 6th he recorded a live performance broadcast on RTB, the Belge TV station.
Berry was backed by four good jazz musicians and performed seven numbers: Maybellene, The Things That I Used To Do, Roll Over Beethoven, Memphis, Tennessee, No Particular Place To Go, Promised Land, and Johnny B. Goode.
These recordings have been available on video for years. In 2017 a high-quality audio of this show became available on a CD called Hail! Hail! Chuck Berry! Live! (Rough 640509040147, 2017).

Further
recordings made 1965 in England have been published in 2000
(although the CD says 1994) on a CD called Chuck Berry - His
London Recordings (Official 4012-FS ). The CD contains most songs from the album Chuck Berry in London and also
uses the original cover of the Dutch version of this album. In
addition the CD contains another three Chuck Berry songs related
to England: Liverpool Drive, Big Ben Blues, and London Berry Blues. Next to three of the 1964 recordings just described, you'll also find Nadine, Promised
Land, and No Particular Place to Go recorded in February 1965 for the BBC Top Gear radio show. For some reason the three recordings are repeated, though they sound
a bit different due to the bad recording.