To optimize Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC) prophylaxis in AIDS patients by measuring serum rifabutin levels and adjusting the dose accordingly. To combine rifabutin with ethambutol to examine the effect of combination therapy in preventing or delaying the incidence of MAC bacteremia in this patient population.

Patients are randomized to receive oral rifabutin alone or rifabutin/ethambutol daily for 12 months, with possible continuation of medicine lifelong. Doses will be adjusted to maintain minimum blood levels of the drugs.

Known hypersensitivity to rifabutin, rifampin, or other rifamycins and/or ethambutol.

Prior Medication:

Excluded within 4 weeks prior to study entry:

Rifampin.

Isoniazid.

Clofazimine.

Cycloserine.

Ethionamide.

Amikacin.

Ciprofloxacin.

Contacts and Locations

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For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00002343