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terms of m watchman n peryear,t w odot.i.aks-pnyablein paid in advance fwo dollars e t harged , at 1 for the first and 2o cts insertion court orders charged , -, rates a liberal dedac . â– â– .. by the year ,. post paid ibstractof the reports from the several departments report of the secretary of the treasury next to the president's message this in nt is always looked for with the atest degree oi interest the report shows the tn cause oi the extraordinary xpenditures of the few years past and ure so euÂ»<-h condensed as ike a brii ter statement of the actual i'reasury quite impossi e i to raise a sum not . g 810,500,000 as may be found . try from time to time by the issue oi treasury notes on such terms ' not exceeding s p er cent repayment as the president in his . shall previous to their being ik lir lo order argument upon the taiiff is lucid id holh as to the powers and igress the question of im discussed as a ational . the good of the people as a 1 the cause of american ct of the relation of labor . the intimate relations between ii manufactui ing coiton and mption and all this again is iden b commerce as the machinery xchange is admirably put each ot the three questions of ibor and markets there are sen will find concurrence we â€¢ ie minds of political econimists ally wiih those \\ ho study the ii ing of the laborer in legislation is also urged as of hep necessity and it is right 1 that this stability shall begin - ment to industry duties itie declared to be â– mil the revenue as well as the ifered th'ercb specific duties are urged ad valo v working disadvantageous to the revenue and to production read the rt and you will _< ,- i ir reason of this are lour conclusive arguments giv â€¢ modification of the tariff and founded upon the unfavorable opin law as it is home valuation lucta more just and equita ince upon foreign invoices ary thus stales the nature of â€¢ us which it appears expe â– ii tlv existing tariff of he duty are in my opin i cially on articles similar i conceive that the i ed materially from this indeed i am compelled i ould have been greal - i ;"'. â€¢ f he extraordinary ir breadstuff's and provis he amine in europe real extent continued ibroad in i s * is even able circumstances the from woollens cottons iron sugar hemp unman ufactun nd coal has fallen under i iii horn iii 14 162,60 to 13 3 â– '-.'.'>*â– ' 1 50 taking the average from the 3-15 18 16 and those of 1 s 18 an average diminution of - 50 : the loss ol annual revenue w s : is 918,893 00 tnpen goods 61,794 50 is 1.7 11 50 ii8,i:w oo 70,030 oo $ 1,580,898 00 ollows : us 355,592 5 > 415,210 00 unmanufactured 10,083 00 810,915 50 ery small increase on the staples lens iron ami unmanufactured ompared with the vast injury oc is oned toour production and diminution reby of our power of consumption can to attract attention : while on â€¢â– other articles named the revenue and nn have both suffered materially â€¢ veil that the revenue coultl be - ed by increasing the duties and other articles the secre : oposes a return to the system of 1 cnic duties ou articles on which they mveniently he laid oi i he eountrv the sec tary julils aie ample that the estima e d deficit a ises from the extraordinary of the war and treaty with mex us ly high public credit i states is not endangered by vi this position of affairs a will he required housing system is urged as embarrassment to the de . nn account ol its having a 1 lep.irtment and for other which are given ol the sub is said experience has de i ihe requirements of â€¢ productive of great incon 'â– â€¢ â€” if indeed there be not some r the influence of strong ne ieii violated the system is onvenient insecure ve . in of congi ess is also call isting trade the british nav tnd to many subjects ol local - mected with the customs *' i \] i ; \ t of t 1 1 e 1 x t erior mil ewing's report st report from the new depart the carolina watchman bruner & james ) > " kf'f.f a check upon af.t your editors dr proprietors ) rulers ( new series do ttiis and i.ibf.rtv is safe < gen'l harrison ( volume vi number 35 salisbury n c thursday january 10 1850 ment of lhe interior illustrates at once the importance of that organization which has been made to embrace the various domestic affairs of the country that for merly received only an accidental super vision from the departments to which they were arbitrarily attached the pub lic buildings the patent office the pen sion office public lands mineral lands and indian affairs now grouped together constitute an association of interests quite worthy to form a special department the recommendation of lhe secretary for the establishment of an agricultural bureau is sustained by reasons and con siderations which cannot fail we should think to secure for the subject lhe favora ble attention of congress the annual reports from the patent office for some years past have included a great deal of statistical information relative to the ag riculture of the country yet it is difficult to perceive any real affinity which par ticularly connects the patent office with the agricultural interest the fact how ever that such reports have been well received by the public shows a general disposition throughout the i'nion to ap preciate the useful action of the govern ment upon a subject of such wide and permanent concern the views of the report upon the dis position ofthe mineral lands in california are given with clearness and with some minuteness of detail whatever system may be determined upon by congress with regard to those lands there was pro bably never a government in ihe world that manifested so much indifference as our own concerning its mineral treasures perhaps such indifference is not unwise lt matters very little who they are tbat dig the gold in california it will flow into lhe channels of commerce and the thrifty and the industrious will in the end get possession ol it the establishment of a mint however in california is a thing which ought to receive prompt at ' tention t report of tub secretary of the navy there are several points in the report ; says the " baltimore american which invite comment the connection of the government with individuals and com panies for tiie purpose of combining the transportation of ocean mails with the naval service and thus uniting private enterprise and means with government expenditure is deprecated by the secre : tary as a system fraught with mischief to the navy if such a system were to be made general : it the union of private interests with the public service should become the basis of our naval organiza tion â€” then indeed we could concur en , tirely in the secretary's views upon the , subject as an incidental appendage however to our national steam marine the main body of which must always be an independent force under no other con trol but that of the government the in troduction of naval officers ou board of mail steamers under specified contracts with lhe government by which such stea mers might be used for the public service in cases of exigency would seem to pre sent advantages enough to outweigh all contingent inconveniencies the terms ul such contracts ought to be clear spe cific and precise ; and the enforcement of them should be rigid to the utmost four iirst class steamers are now in process of eons ruction ior the govern ment two will be ready for sea before the spring is over and the other two du ring the summer this increase to our naval steam force is imperatively called for we may hope that further acces sions will be made it will not do to lag behind other nations in this particular when the efficiency of steamers for pur poses of war is becoming so generally ap preciated the secretary speaks favorably of the naval school at annapolis and recom mends it to the fostering care of congress it should be made the twin of the military academy at west point â€” that noble in stitution which has done so much for the cultivation of military science among our officers in the army and for the high effi ciency ol that branch ofthe service report of the secretary oe war the present strength of the army is less than the organization provided by law of 1200 regular troops in california since the 1st of january the desertions within the first eight months have equalled two-fifths of lhat number the secretary recommends that a bounty be allowed lo each oflhe recruit enlisted at or near frontier and remote stations especially in cal ifornia oregon and new mexico equal to the cost of transporting and subsisting a recruit from lhe general depot io the place of enlist ment ; the bounty to be divided in'o instalments and the latgest amount paid to lhe soldier on his discharge ll is suggested lhat the numerical strength of each company al the several military posts on our eastern portion be increased to 74 pri vales and a part ol ihe infantry be mounted as emergencies arise it is suggested whether the ohjecl iu author izing brevet commissions is not accomplished by retaining them as honorary distinctions and restricting the officers holding ihem to their lineal rank and pay according to the commis sions by which they are mu.le.red in their re spective regiments and corps \ rule for relieving officers disabled of dis ease and casually is recommended the num ber of such officers will not probably exceed twenty five and the annual pay less than 81^.000 an asylum is also recommended for the comfort and repose of veteran soldiers â€” the secretary pays a just tribute to the mili tary academy at west point the regular troops in new mexico and four . companies of volunteer troops engaged for six months have been actively employed in pro tecting the lives and property ofthe inhabitants against marauding bands of indians in con sequence of indian ourages in florida 1700 troops have collected there within the month of september last a force deemed sufficient lo give confidence to the inhabitants and promote the migration of ihe indians the indians have arranged a meeting in council to deter mine on the subject of migration from the proffers of peace lately made by the camanche nation and their determination lo abstain from faither depredation upon our citi zens it is belived that the regular troops in texas will be sufficient for any emergency likely to arise within the last spring arrangements were made to place a regiment of mounted men on lhe route to oregon the secretary recommends the erection of fortifications for the protection of our harbors on the pacific between the proclamation of peace with mexico aud the period when the u s reve nue laws were extended over california a large amount was collected hy officers of the army as duties on importations in the several ports of that territory the secretary recommends that iheir acts be affirmed ; the officers howev er being required to account for all sums col locted by ihem and such disbursements allow ed as were necessary and proper for the main tenance of the anomalous government of lhat 1 erritory letter from the president to ujhazl before leaving europe gov ujhazi address ! ed a letter to gen taylor informing him of the j desire oflhe hungarian exiles to find a refuge i in the united states since their arrival here i the following reply has been received : washington thursday december 20 sin : â€” i have duly received your letter of nov 2 from london announcing the determi naiion of yourself aud comrades lo seek an as sylum in america the people of ihis republic have deeply sympathized with the hungarians iu their recent struggle for constitutional freedom and in the calamities which have befallen iheir unhappy land and i am sure that i bul speak lhe universal sentiment of my countrymen in bidding you and your associates a cordial welcome to our soil the natural asylum ol lhe oppressed from eve ry clime we offer you protection and free participation iu the benefits of our institutions and our laws and trust that you may find in america a second home i am with high respect your sincere friend z taylor ladislaus ujhazi late gov of'comorn in hungary the kentucky convention â€” the conven tion lor revising and amending the constitution of lhe state of kentucky which has been in session at franklbrt since the first of october last completed its business and adjourned on lhe 21st inst amongst the changes made hy the convention in lhe constitution are the fol lowing as we find them stated in an address of lhe delegates to iheir constituents they are however to be submitted lo a vote of the people bicnniel sessions oflhe legislature limited iu their duration to sixty days the protection of the public credit by ex pressly prohibiting the legislature from con trading any debt save for the expenses of lhe government without lhe assent of the people given at tho polls private and special legislation is torbiddpti ; and this hitherto source of expense including lhe grant of manifold divorces so long borne and so strongly condemned is entirely removed the mode of appointing the judges has been altogether changed and for lhe first time in lhe history of ihis commonwealth been given directly lo lhe people the relation between master and slave re mains as it was nnder the old constitution â€” public sentiment so far from demanding any change expressly rebuked any action thereon the free negro population among us is con ceded by all io be worthless and highly de trimental lo the value of our slaves as well as the security of the owner the constitution provides that no slave shall be emancipated but upon condition thai such emancipated slave be sent out oflhe state the convention is to reassemble on lhe first monday in june next to proclaim the new constitution as the organic law of lhe state provided it shall receive the approval of the people the message the union the whig sentiment from all parts of the country is unanimous in praise of lhe presi dent's message we might fill our columns to-day with extracts from the whig journals in all quarters ofthe union giving to it tho most unqualified approbabation this united cor diality of feeling presents the whig party upon a solid platform in striking contrast with the present disjointed and divided condition of the locofocos the democratic presses even to say the least flounder in their rabid assaults upon lhe message the " sole organ at washington as if to cap the climax and cover the whole ground at once says the president " had no right lhe issue such a document well lhat wiil do we like that â€” there is an air of fresh ness ah ut it we pique ourself somewhat up on not suffering political prejudices to warp our judgement in other particulars and we i here foie do homage lo merit wherever it may be found we like lhe " union then in its way dull and dusty would be the paths of journal ism were it not the grassy and refreshing greenness the sui generis of she " i . nion â€” il is not that the " i'nion is very witty or ve ry profound or very truthful or very decent : such qualities would be out of place in the " sole organ if it were either it would he spoiled for its position â€” its characteristic gra ces would be gone it would not be an ade quate and faithful representative ofthe opposi tion ; but as it stands at present every thing is in harmony and proportion â€” a coincident sympathy unparalleled in political experience the " president had no right lo issue such a document ! ! â€” and immediately although in due wonderment as to the unexplained causes why the president had no such " right the submissive democracy take up lhe cry and chaunt it strenuously ! it is a picture inter esting and pleasant to contemplate â€” raleigh register here a little and there a little â€” im pressions are made on children as on rocks by a constant droping of little influ ences what can one drop do you scarcely see it fall ; and presenetly it rolls away or is evaporated ; you cannot even with a microscope measure the little in dentation it has made yet it is the con stant repetition of this trifling agency which furrows and at length hollows out the very granite nothing is little in regard to children seize every available opening to instruct and impress them if you have but a mo ment employ if a sentence is some times better than a sermon one word of scripture may prove a seed of life when your child awakes in the morn ing when he is going to school when he comes to your knee in the evening when he kisses you on retiring when he lies down in bed when he is aroused at mid night these are the moments to be seized for the inculcation of some sacred truth the formation of some christian habit â€” and in this work a short saying is better than a long one political impudence the union appears to be much at a loss to find an opening to attack the message after making some objections too trifling to notice the editor ventures on the im pudent assertion that the public debt does not grow out of the mexican war ! the words of the union are the truth of the declaration that it really exists and grows out of lhe mexican war is not admitted and will form the theme of future com ment one would suppose it hardly pos sible that even the sole organ trained and practiced in all the arls of political duplicity would dare to hazard an asser tion so diametrically opposed to truth â€” wonderful indeed must be the discipline and drill of party if this scandulous mis representation is not repudiated by the i whole democratic press certainly a | proposition so clearly unfounded wasnev , erjbefore made^the basis ofa political is sue wil com more violence in arkansas prisoners escaped we learn from the little rock dem ocrat of the 7th inst that according to re liable advices received from marion coun i ty jesse n everett and nelson stratton two of the principal actors in the recent outrages in marion county have escaped from the jail at smithville and were wiih about forty oftheir confederates all arm ed embodied within six miles of yel ville the whole country was in a state of alarm at this moment capt mitchell's company had been again call ed out and were ready to move upon this band of rioters and retake the prisoners as soon as gen wood should arrive â€” gen w had received intelligence of the escape of the prisoners and expected to be able to teach them with mitchell's com pany by the 20th ult he is determined to take them at all hazards philadelphia dec 20 rubbery of a californian of $ 1,000 in gold dust a gentleman named john coonell a passenger just arrived in the empire city from california arrived here last night and put up at congress hall corner of third and chesnut streets sometime during the night his trunk was broken o pen and robbed of about 1,000 in gold dust and money the unfortunate stran ger was on his way to cadiz ohio no clue has yet been had to the robbers a north carolina engine we have noticed on the wilmington and roanoke railroad for several weeks past a new and very handsome engine ; but we did not know till a few days ago that twas built in the company's machine shop in wilmington however such is the fact and it is worthy of notice we learn that this north carolina race horse is to be named after one of our most dis linguished citizens j m morehead â€” weldon herald melancjujly death â€” a friend writing lo us from healing springs davidson county under date of the 1st instant relates the following story ofthe last end of an habitual drunkard : on friday the 21st of december mr lewis loflin assisted one of his friends in killing hogs and left there on the evening of the same day very drunk taking with him a jug of spirituous liquor bis dog and his gun nothing was heard ol him until tuesday fallowing about 3 o'clock p m at which time he was found two or three miles from home a short distance from the road lying on his gun dead his fatal companion near his lips lodg ing from the appearance of the place where he lay it is thought that he did not die before rain on saturdav morning mr loflin's family was not uneasy about him fiom the fact that it was not an unusual thing with him to be absent and hence they did not make any inquiries about him on tuesday his dog having been seen near the place where he was found they went to search for him and soon found him as described above his age i know not but 1 suppose he was verging towards sixty thus dis appeared from the world one ofthe most dissipated of men â€” leaving behind an af fectionate wife and seven children more of alcohocs duiii^y â€” a brother writing from guilford county details the following horid circumstance : at a public sah recently in this neigh borhood intoxicating liquors were indulg ed in pretty freely by several persons pres ent one of my neigbors was there and became quite intoxicated he left in this condition for home but missed his way and wandered in the woods until exhaus ted he lell down upon the ground and perished within gun shot of his own home ' \\ hen found his only companion was a flask of liquor almost empty rum was his murderer and so the jury of inquest decided a man who was present and witnessed the spectacle left directly for jamestown to join florence division which met that night â€” remarking that it was ouly through cod's mercy that he was not in the same condition for said he i was drunk on that same night ; but it shall be the last time " vve have no room for comment on this heart sickening occurrence ; but must sim ply ask the question â€” are not those who sold or gave this unfortunate man the liquor by which he came to his untimely end parliceps criminem in his murder â€” are they not accessory to the foul deed aud should they not be held accountable ? spirit ef the age matrimonial jars â€” if people would but consider how possible it is to inflict pain and perpetuate wrong without any posi tive intention of doing either but merely from circumstances arising from inadver tance want of simpathy or an incapabil ity of mutual comprehensions how much acrimony might be spared ? half the quarrels that embitter wedded life and half the separations that spring from them are produced by the parties misunderstan ding each other's peculiarities and not studying and making allowance for them hence unintentional omissions of attention are viewed as intended slights and as such are resented these indications of injury to the unconscious offender who in turn widens the breach of affection by some display of petulance or interference which frequently iritates the first wound inflicted until it becomes incurable in this manner often arises the final separa tion of persons who might had they accu rately examined each other's heart and dis position have lived happily â€” ladies re pository the hall of representatives â€” a mem ber of congress writing to his paper from washington in regard to the hall of lhe house of representatives says : an old member has an immense advan tage over a new one in this respect viz he knaws how to select a seat this ad vantage consists not in comfort or conve nience ; for all are alike in this respect â€” nor in the advantage of making a speech : for a member can always procure anoth er's seat to make a speech from or he can speak from the clerk's desk much advantage depends upon ma king the right motion at the right time â€” lu getting the speaker's ear there is the reatest possible difference in the fate of and hence a good seat may determine tin fate of a very important measure ex perianced members however can turn the poor seats to very good advantage by different modifications of the voice and different turns of the body vet all thi is a matter of reat care as well as incon venience it is not generally konwn that so poor ly were the principlesof acoustics consul ted in the construction of the hall that two men maybe whispering together so low that their next neighbor cannot hear them and yet all they say is distinctly heard on the opposite side of the house men often address the speaker on one side ofthe house and he turns his eye to rec ognise them on the opposite side mista king the echo for the voice itself a gen tleman who was occupying lhe speaker's chair many years since told me that he had heard in his seat amid a warm de bate below the whisperings of a young man in what is called the love corner of lhe ladies gallery who was making propo sals to a young lady in so low a lone thai her own mother did not know what was going on said my informant 1 was at tending lo her duties and she was atten ding lo mine 1 was listening to the very important debate between her daug and her lover whilst she was listening to the debates of congress it is very diffi cult for a new member to lell at first from what direction a voice comes to him a great fish slory â€” but a true one on wednesday last there came in at the main south west cnterance of the cape fear river a large shoal probably many hundreds oi the kind offish known among our lishermen as the great black fish â€” after playing about for awhile nearly one hundred of ihom got in shallow water in a sort of pocket nnd on receding of the tide they were left high and dry â€” the largest was sixteen feet long and lour feet thick the smallest ten feet ions and two feet thick the people of smilhville and the neighborhood took pos session ofthe stranded monsters and have been busily engaged in converting them into oil their yield being of a verv gf'od quality for burning it is calculated that well on to tno handerd burn is will be ob tained â€” chronicle printers notices among the most amosing portions of the columns of every paper are these no tices which occasionally appear at the head in a most prominent and conspicu ous position requesting the subscribers to said papers to pay up their subscriptions the tone of these duns presents a marked contrast to the laconic and decided style ol those which tradesmen and others put forth in advertising columns and in which they briefly but explicitly inform their debtors that unless their accounts are speedily adjusted ihey will be put in the bands of an officer for collection tho printer on the contrary speaks in a mod est and deprecatory manner as if he were in danger of committing a montl sin by reminding his subscribers that something more is necessary to the patronage of a paper than a name and an unredeemed promise to pay such is generally the character of his first notices rut finding that these do not succeed and discovering that of those who are indebted to him probably !-".Â» out nf a hundred amuse themselves with his greenness in expect ing to collect cash with a few soft words our printer waxeth wroth and issues an other pronunciamento full of lire and fury lie tells his obdurate debtors that printers cannot live on air that the paper maker must be paid ; type ink fuel light rents c cost money so does the printers daily bread and finally he xclaims in a tone that he expects will rend the very rocks " we want money and we must have it rut unfortunate mortal he is a printer and printers are the last men in the world to resort to compulsory mea sures jt is the general impression that their bark is worse than their bite so liny lose thousands where other men would not lose hundreds we would like to see an accurate statemi nt ofthe losses sustained by newspaper establishments from the neglect and procrastination of their patrons vve think we may safely conjecture that no other employment or profession suffers so much loss could those who thoughtlessly defer or altogeth er omit to pay iheir newspaper accounts relh-ct upon lhe trouble difficulty and sometimes ruin their negligence occa sions they would learn to observe justice punctuality and system as strictly with newspaper establishments as with mer chants and mechanics â€” rich republican ih nth of the prophet of the " miller ilis â€” mr william miller died at his home in kompton washington county n v on the 20th instant aged 58 years mr miller was a native of pittslield mass and during the last war with eng iaud served as a captain of volunteers on the northern frontier he began to speak in public assemblies ujion the sub ject ol the millennium in ib'j'.i and iu tbe ten vears which preceded the time which he had set for the confirmation of the pro phecy he labored assiduously in the mid dle and northern states averaging it is said nearly one sermon a day for more than half that period he was uneduca ted and not largely read in even the com mon english commentaries ; his views were absurd and supported but feebly ; yet he succeded in building up a rect of some thirty or forty thousand di;;ciples whicli disappeared rapidly after the close of the day of probation in ib 13 after which time mr miller himself did not often advocate or defend his views in public â€” nat int there is now living in new yoik city in extreme want a man who at one time had one hundred and eighty thousand dollars amazed l.v a few weeks 1 successful gambling for some years he lived in lhe lit mosi luxury bar ing ovei four hundred nit of clothes but the mini of fortune deseiti 1 him and at last he has b'-''.-i reduced to beggary in ihread-bare coat i without eithei energy or character be ;- .... seen in broadway the editor of the washington union announces orracularly lhat there is ras cality somewhere â€” few men have bet ter reason to be conscious of that unques tionable fact â€” louis journal the citizens of milton n c are ma king an effort to have the richmond ami danville railroad to extend to mil ton n c and thence connect with the central railroad a car the crown of hungary has not been discovered by the aus'.rians kossuth concealed it no one knows where it was rcc.ived by the firsl king oflhe mag yars from pope sylvester 1 in the year 1000 the plank road i laid now from the centre ol town tl.e market house to the .,, , , .. j ! tymo v and from murchison's f rtc tory about 5 miles opthis way making i miles completed cai olinian

terms of m watchman n peryear,t w odot.i.aks-pnyablein paid in advance fwo dollars e t harged , at 1 for the first and 2o cts insertion court orders charged , -, rates a liberal dedac . â– â– .. by the year ,. post paid ibstractof the reports from the several departments report of the secretary of the treasury next to the president's message this in nt is always looked for with the atest degree oi interest the report shows the tn cause oi the extraordinary xpenditures of the few years past and ure so euÂ»*â– ' 1 50 taking the average from the 3-15 18 16 and those of 1 s 18 an average diminution of - 50 : the loss ol annual revenue w s : is 918,893 00 tnpen goods 61,794 50 is 1.7 11 50 ii8,i:w oo 70,030 oo $ 1,580,898 00 ollows : us 355,592 5 > 415,210 00 unmanufactured 10,083 00 810,915 50 ery small increase on the staples lens iron ami unmanufactured ompared with the vast injury oc is oned toour production and diminution reby of our power of consumption can to attract attention : while on â€¢â– other articles named the revenue and nn have both suffered materially â€¢ veil that the revenue coultl be - ed by increasing the duties and other articles the secre : oposes a return to the system of 1 cnic duties ou articles on which they mveniently he laid oi i he eountrv the sec tary julils aie ample that the estima e d deficit a ises from the extraordinary of the war and treaty with mex us ly high public credit i states is not endangered by vi this position of affairs a will he required housing system is urged as embarrassment to the de . nn account ol its having a 1 lep.irtment and for other which are given ol the sub is said experience has de i ihe requirements of â€¢ productive of great incon 'â– â€¢ â€” if indeed there be not some r the influence of strong ne ieii violated the system is onvenient insecure ve . in of congi ess is also call isting trade the british nav tnd to many subjects ol local - mected with the customs *' i \] i ; \ t of t 1 1 e 1 x t erior mil ewing's report st report from the new depart the carolina watchman bruner & james ) > " kf'f.f a check upon af.t your editors dr proprietors ) rulers ( new series do ttiis and i.ibf.rtv is safe < gen'l harrison ( volume vi number 35 salisbury n c thursday january 10 1850 ment of lhe interior illustrates at once the importance of that organization which has been made to embrace the various domestic affairs of the country that for merly received only an accidental super vision from the departments to which they were arbitrarily attached the pub lic buildings the patent office the pen sion office public lands mineral lands and indian affairs now grouped together constitute an association of interests quite worthy to form a special department the recommendation of lhe secretary for the establishment of an agricultural bureau is sustained by reasons and con siderations which cannot fail we should think to secure for the subject lhe favora ble attention of congress the annual reports from the patent office for some years past have included a great deal of statistical information relative to the ag riculture of the country yet it is difficult to perceive any real affinity which par ticularly connects the patent office with the agricultural interest the fact how ever that such reports have been well received by the public shows a general disposition throughout the i'nion to ap preciate the useful action of the govern ment upon a subject of such wide and permanent concern the views of the report upon the dis position ofthe mineral lands in california are given with clearness and with some minuteness of detail whatever system may be determined upon by congress with regard to those lands there was pro bably never a government in ihe world that manifested so much indifference as our own concerning its mineral treasures perhaps such indifference is not unwise lt matters very little who they are tbat dig the gold in california it will flow into lhe channels of commerce and the thrifty and the industrious will in the end get possession ol it the establishment of a mint however in california is a thing which ought to receive prompt at ' tention t report of tub secretary of the navy there are several points in the report ; says the " baltimore american which invite comment the connection of the government with individuals and com panies for tiie purpose of combining the transportation of ocean mails with the naval service and thus uniting private enterprise and means with government expenditure is deprecated by the secre : tary as a system fraught with mischief to the navy if such a system were to be made general : it the union of private interests with the public service should become the basis of our naval organiza tion â€” then indeed we could concur en , tirely in the secretary's views upon the , subject as an incidental appendage however to our national steam marine the main body of which must always be an independent force under no other con trol but that of the government the in troduction of naval officers ou board of mail steamers under specified contracts with lhe government by which such stea mers might be used for the public service in cases of exigency would seem to pre sent advantages enough to outweigh all contingent inconveniencies the terms ul such contracts ought to be clear spe cific and precise ; and the enforcement of them should be rigid to the utmost four iirst class steamers are now in process of eons ruction ior the govern ment two will be ready for sea before the spring is over and the other two du ring the summer this increase to our naval steam force is imperatively called for we may hope that further acces sions will be made it will not do to lag behind other nations in this particular when the efficiency of steamers for pur poses of war is becoming so generally ap preciated the secretary speaks favorably of the naval school at annapolis and recom mends it to the fostering care of congress it should be made the twin of the military academy at west point â€” that noble in stitution which has done so much for the cultivation of military science among our officers in the army and for the high effi ciency ol that branch ofthe service report of the secretary oe war the present strength of the army is less than the organization provided by law of 1200 regular troops in california since the 1st of january the desertions within the first eight months have equalled two-fifths of lhat number the secretary recommends that a bounty be allowed lo each oflhe recruit enlisted at or near frontier and remote stations especially in cal ifornia oregon and new mexico equal to the cost of transporting and subsisting a recruit from lhe general depot io the place of enlist ment ; the bounty to be divided in'o instalments and the latgest amount paid to lhe soldier on his discharge ll is suggested lhat the numerical strength of each company al the several military posts on our eastern portion be increased to 74 pri vales and a part ol ihe infantry be mounted as emergencies arise it is suggested whether the ohjecl iu author izing brevet commissions is not accomplished by retaining them as honorary distinctions and restricting the officers holding ihem to their lineal rank and pay according to the commis sions by which they are mu.le.red in their re spective regiments and corps \ rule for relieving officers disabled of dis ease and casually is recommended the num ber of such officers will not probably exceed twenty five and the annual pay less than 81^.000 an asylum is also recommended for the comfort and repose of veteran soldiers â€” the secretary pays a just tribute to the mili tary academy at west point the regular troops in new mexico and four . companies of volunteer troops engaged for six months have been actively employed in pro tecting the lives and property ofthe inhabitants against marauding bands of indians in con sequence of indian ourages in florida 1700 troops have collected there within the month of september last a force deemed sufficient lo give confidence to the inhabitants and promote the migration of ihe indians the indians have arranged a meeting in council to deter mine on the subject of migration from the proffers of peace lately made by the camanche nation and their determination lo abstain from faither depredation upon our citi zens it is belived that the regular troops in texas will be sufficient for any emergency likely to arise within the last spring arrangements were made to place a regiment of mounted men on lhe route to oregon the secretary recommends the erection of fortifications for the protection of our harbors on the pacific between the proclamation of peace with mexico aud the period when the u s reve nue laws were extended over california a large amount was collected hy officers of the army as duties on importations in the several ports of that territory the secretary recommends that iheir acts be affirmed ; the officers howev er being required to account for all sums col locted by ihem and such disbursements allow ed as were necessary and proper for the main tenance of the anomalous government of lhat 1 erritory letter from the president to ujhazl before leaving europe gov ujhazi address ! ed a letter to gen taylor informing him of the j desire oflhe hungarian exiles to find a refuge i in the united states since their arrival here i the following reply has been received : washington thursday december 20 sin : â€” i have duly received your letter of nov 2 from london announcing the determi naiion of yourself aud comrades lo seek an as sylum in america the people of ihis republic have deeply sympathized with the hungarians iu their recent struggle for constitutional freedom and in the calamities which have befallen iheir unhappy land and i am sure that i bul speak lhe universal sentiment of my countrymen in bidding you and your associates a cordial welcome to our soil the natural asylum ol lhe oppressed from eve ry clime we offer you protection and free participation iu the benefits of our institutions and our laws and trust that you may find in america a second home i am with high respect your sincere friend z taylor ladislaus ujhazi late gov of'comorn in hungary the kentucky convention â€” the conven tion lor revising and amending the constitution of lhe state of kentucky which has been in session at franklbrt since the first of october last completed its business and adjourned on lhe 21st inst amongst the changes made hy the convention in lhe constitution are the fol lowing as we find them stated in an address of lhe delegates to iheir constituents they are however to be submitted lo a vote of the people bicnniel sessions oflhe legislature limited iu their duration to sixty days the protection of the public credit by ex pressly prohibiting the legislature from con trading any debt save for the expenses of lhe government without lhe assent of the people given at tho polls private and special legislation is torbiddpti ; and this hitherto source of expense including lhe grant of manifold divorces so long borne and so strongly condemned is entirely removed the mode of appointing the judges has been altogether changed and for lhe first time in lhe history of ihis commonwealth been given directly lo lhe people the relation between master and slave re mains as it was nnder the old constitution â€” public sentiment so far from demanding any change expressly rebuked any action thereon the free negro population among us is con ceded by all io be worthless and highly de trimental lo the value of our slaves as well as the security of the owner the constitution provides that no slave shall be emancipated but upon condition thai such emancipated slave be sent out oflhe state the convention is to reassemble on lhe first monday in june next to proclaim the new constitution as the organic law of lhe state provided it shall receive the approval of the people the message the union the whig sentiment from all parts of the country is unanimous in praise of lhe presi dent's message we might fill our columns to-day with extracts from the whig journals in all quarters ofthe union giving to it tho most unqualified approbabation this united cor diality of feeling presents the whig party upon a solid platform in striking contrast with the present disjointed and divided condition of the locofocos the democratic presses even to say the least flounder in their rabid assaults upon lhe message the " sole organ at washington as if to cap the climax and cover the whole ground at once says the president " had no right lhe issue such a document well lhat wiil do we like that â€” there is an air of fresh ness ah ut it we pique ourself somewhat up on not suffering political prejudices to warp our judgement in other particulars and we i here foie do homage lo merit wherever it may be found we like lhe " union then in its way dull and dusty would be the paths of journal ism were it not the grassy and refreshing greenness the sui generis of she " i . nion â€” il is not that the " i'nion is very witty or ve ry profound or very truthful or very decent : such qualities would be out of place in the " sole organ if it were either it would he spoiled for its position â€” its characteristic gra ces would be gone it would not be an ade quate and faithful representative ofthe opposi tion ; but as it stands at present every thing is in harmony and proportion â€” a coincident sympathy unparalleled in political experience the " president had no right lo issue such a document ! ! â€” and immediately although in due wonderment as to the unexplained causes why the president had no such " right the submissive democracy take up lhe cry and chaunt it strenuously ! it is a picture inter esting and pleasant to contemplate â€” raleigh register here a little and there a little â€” im pressions are made on children as on rocks by a constant droping of little influ ences what can one drop do you scarcely see it fall ; and presenetly it rolls away or is evaporated ; you cannot even with a microscope measure the little in dentation it has made yet it is the con stant repetition of this trifling agency which furrows and at length hollows out the very granite nothing is little in regard to children seize every available opening to instruct and impress them if you have but a mo ment employ if a sentence is some times better than a sermon one word of scripture may prove a seed of life when your child awakes in the morn ing when he is going to school when he comes to your knee in the evening when he kisses you on retiring when he lies down in bed when he is aroused at mid night these are the moments to be seized for the inculcation of some sacred truth the formation of some christian habit â€” and in this work a short saying is better than a long one political impudence the union appears to be much at a loss to find an opening to attack the message after making some objections too trifling to notice the editor ventures on the im pudent assertion that the public debt does not grow out of the mexican war ! the words of the union are the truth of the declaration that it really exists and grows out of lhe mexican war is not admitted and will form the theme of future com ment one would suppose it hardly pos sible that even the sole organ trained and practiced in all the arls of political duplicity would dare to hazard an asser tion so diametrically opposed to truth â€” wonderful indeed must be the discipline and drill of party if this scandulous mis representation is not repudiated by the i whole democratic press certainly a | proposition so clearly unfounded wasnev , erjbefore made^the basis ofa political is sue wil com more violence in arkansas prisoners escaped we learn from the little rock dem ocrat of the 7th inst that according to re liable advices received from marion coun i ty jesse n everett and nelson stratton two of the principal actors in the recent outrages in marion county have escaped from the jail at smithville and were wiih about forty oftheir confederates all arm ed embodied within six miles of yel ville the whole country was in a state of alarm at this moment capt mitchell's company had been again call ed out and were ready to move upon this band of rioters and retake the prisoners as soon as gen wood should arrive â€” gen w had received intelligence of the escape of the prisoners and expected to be able to teach them with mitchell's com pany by the 20th ult he is determined to take them at all hazards philadelphia dec 20 rubbery of a californian of $ 1,000 in gold dust a gentleman named john coonell a passenger just arrived in the empire city from california arrived here last night and put up at congress hall corner of third and chesnut streets sometime during the night his trunk was broken o pen and robbed of about 1,000 in gold dust and money the unfortunate stran ger was on his way to cadiz ohio no clue has yet been had to the robbers a north carolina engine we have noticed on the wilmington and roanoke railroad for several weeks past a new and very handsome engine ; but we did not know till a few days ago that twas built in the company's machine shop in wilmington however such is the fact and it is worthy of notice we learn that this north carolina race horse is to be named after one of our most dis linguished citizens j m morehead â€” weldon herald melancjujly death â€” a friend writing lo us from healing springs davidson county under date of the 1st instant relates the following story ofthe last end of an habitual drunkard : on friday the 21st of december mr lewis loflin assisted one of his friends in killing hogs and left there on the evening of the same day very drunk taking with him a jug of spirituous liquor bis dog and his gun nothing was heard ol him until tuesday fallowing about 3 o'clock p m at which time he was found two or three miles from home a short distance from the road lying on his gun dead his fatal companion near his lips lodg ing from the appearance of the place where he lay it is thought that he did not die before rain on saturdav morning mr loflin's family was not uneasy about him fiom the fact that it was not an unusual thing with him to be absent and hence they did not make any inquiries about him on tuesday his dog having been seen near the place where he was found they went to search for him and soon found him as described above his age i know not but 1 suppose he was verging towards sixty thus dis appeared from the world one ofthe most dissipated of men â€” leaving behind an af fectionate wife and seven children more of alcohocs duiii^y â€” a brother writing from guilford county details the following horid circumstance : at a public sah recently in this neigh borhood intoxicating liquors were indulg ed in pretty freely by several persons pres ent one of my neigbors was there and became quite intoxicated he left in this condition for home but missed his way and wandered in the woods until exhaus ted he lell down upon the ground and perished within gun shot of his own home ' \\ hen found his only companion was a flask of liquor almost empty rum was his murderer and so the jury of inquest decided a man who was present and witnessed the spectacle left directly for jamestown to join florence division which met that night â€” remarking that it was ouly through cod's mercy that he was not in the same condition for said he i was drunk on that same night ; but it shall be the last time " vve have no room for comment on this heart sickening occurrence ; but must sim ply ask the question â€” are not those who sold or gave this unfortunate man the liquor by which he came to his untimely end parliceps criminem in his murder â€” are they not accessory to the foul deed aud should they not be held accountable ? spirit ef the age matrimonial jars â€” if people would but consider how possible it is to inflict pain and perpetuate wrong without any posi tive intention of doing either but merely from circumstances arising from inadver tance want of simpathy or an incapabil ity of mutual comprehensions how much acrimony might be spared ? half the quarrels that embitter wedded life and half the separations that spring from them are produced by the parties misunderstan ding each other's peculiarities and not studying and making allowance for them hence unintentional omissions of attention are viewed as intended slights and as such are resented these indications of injury to the unconscious offender who in turn widens the breach of affection by some display of petulance or interference which frequently iritates the first wound inflicted until it becomes incurable in this manner often arises the final separa tion of persons who might had they accu rately examined each other's heart and dis position have lived happily â€” ladies re pository the hall of representatives â€” a mem ber of congress writing to his paper from washington in regard to the hall of lhe house of representatives says : an old member has an immense advan tage over a new one in this respect viz he knaws how to select a seat this ad vantage consists not in comfort or conve nience ; for all are alike in this respect â€” nor in the advantage of making a speech : for a member can always procure anoth er's seat to make a speech from or he can speak from the clerk's desk much advantage depends upon ma king the right motion at the right time â€” lu getting the speaker's ear there is the reatest possible difference in the fate of and hence a good seat may determine tin fate of a very important measure ex perianced members however can turn the poor seats to very good advantage by different modifications of the voice and different turns of the body vet all thi is a matter of reat care as well as incon venience it is not generally konwn that so poor ly were the principlesof acoustics consul ted in the construction of the hall that two men maybe whispering together so low that their next neighbor cannot hear them and yet all they say is distinctly heard on the opposite side of the house men often address the speaker on one side ofthe house and he turns his eye to rec ognise them on the opposite side mista king the echo for the voice itself a gen tleman who was occupying lhe speaker's chair many years since told me that he had heard in his seat amid a warm de bate below the whisperings of a young man in what is called the love corner of lhe ladies gallery who was making propo sals to a young lady in so low a lone thai her own mother did not know what was going on said my informant 1 was at tending lo her duties and she was atten ding lo mine 1 was listening to the very important debate between her daug and her lover whilst she was listening to the debates of congress it is very diffi cult for a new member to lell at first from what direction a voice comes to him a great fish slory â€” but a true one on wednesday last there came in at the main south west cnterance of the cape fear river a large shoal probably many hundreds oi the kind offish known among our lishermen as the great black fish â€” after playing about for awhile nearly one hundred of ihom got in shallow water in a sort of pocket nnd on receding of the tide they were left high and dry â€” the largest was sixteen feet long and lour feet thick the smallest ten feet ions and two feet thick the people of smilhville and the neighborhood took pos session ofthe stranded monsters and have been busily engaged in converting them into oil their yield being of a verv gf'od quality for burning it is calculated that well on to tno handerd burn is will be ob tained â€” chronicle printers notices among the most amosing portions of the columns of every paper are these no tices which occasionally appear at the head in a most prominent and conspicu ous position requesting the subscribers to said papers to pay up their subscriptions the tone of these duns presents a marked contrast to the laconic and decided style ol those which tradesmen and others put forth in advertising columns and in which they briefly but explicitly inform their debtors that unless their accounts are speedily adjusted ihey will be put in the bands of an officer for collection tho printer on the contrary speaks in a mod est and deprecatory manner as if he were in danger of committing a montl sin by reminding his subscribers that something more is necessary to the patronage of a paper than a name and an unredeemed promise to pay such is generally the character of his first notices rut finding that these do not succeed and discovering that of those who are indebted to him probably !-".Â» out nf a hundred amuse themselves with his greenness in expect ing to collect cash with a few soft words our printer waxeth wroth and issues an other pronunciamento full of lire and fury lie tells his obdurate debtors that printers cannot live on air that the paper maker must be paid ; type ink fuel light rents c cost money so does the printers daily bread and finally he xclaims in a tone that he expects will rend the very rocks " we want money and we must have it rut unfortunate mortal he is a printer and printers are the last men in the world to resort to compulsory mea sures jt is the general impression that their bark is worse than their bite so liny lose thousands where other men would not lose hundreds we would like to see an accurate statemi nt ofthe losses sustained by newspaper establishments from the neglect and procrastination of their patrons vve think we may safely conjecture that no other employment or profession suffers so much loss could those who thoughtlessly defer or altogeth er omit to pay iheir newspaper accounts relh-ct upon lhe trouble difficulty and sometimes ruin their negligence occa sions they would learn to observe justice punctuality and system as strictly with newspaper establishments as with mer chants and mechanics â€” rich republican ih nth of the prophet of the " miller ilis â€” mr william miller died at his home in kompton washington county n v on the 20th instant aged 58 years mr miller was a native of pittslield mass and during the last war with eng iaud served as a captain of volunteers on the northern frontier he began to speak in public assemblies ujion the sub ject ol the millennium in ib'j'.i and iu tbe ten vears which preceded the time which he had set for the confirmation of the pro phecy he labored assiduously in the mid dle and northern states averaging it is said nearly one sermon a day for more than half that period he was uneduca ted and not largely read in even the com mon english commentaries ; his views were absurd and supported but feebly ; yet he succeded in building up a rect of some thirty or forty thousand di;;ciples whicli disappeared rapidly after the close of the day of probation in ib 13 after which time mr miller himself did not often advocate or defend his views in public â€” nat int there is now living in new yoik city in extreme want a man who at one time had one hundred and eighty thousand dollars amazed l.v a few weeks 1 successful gambling for some years he lived in lhe lit mosi luxury bar ing ovei four hundred nit of clothes but the mini of fortune deseiti 1 him and at last he has b'-''.-i reduced to beggary in ihread-bare coat i without eithei energy or character be ;- .... seen in broadway the editor of the washington union announces orracularly lhat there is ras cality somewhere â€” few men have bet ter reason to be conscious of that unques tionable fact â€” louis journal the citizens of milton n c are ma king an effort to have the richmond ami danville railroad to extend to mil ton n c and thence connect with the central railroad a car the crown of hungary has not been discovered by the aus'.rians kossuth concealed it no one knows where it was rcc.ived by the firsl king oflhe mag yars from pope sylvester 1 in the year 1000 the plank road i laid now from the centre ol town tl.e market house to the .,, , , .. j ! tymo v and from murchison's f rtc tory about 5 miles opthis way making i miles completed cai olinian