1.1.7. Chronic bee paralysis virus /satellite virus

Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) manifests
itself in adult bees through two distinct set of symptoms. One set consists of
trembling of the wings and bodies and a failure to fly, causing them to crawl
in front of the hive in large masses. They often have partly spread, dislocated
wings and bloated bodies as well. The other set of symptoms consists of
hairless, greasy black bees caused by nibbling attacks from healthy bees in the
colony. They soon also become flightless, tremble and die (Bailey, 1965; Bailey
and Ball, 1991; Ribière et al., 2010).
The virus also infects the larval and pupal stages, can be detected in faecal
material and is efficiently transmitted through contact and feeding (Bailey et al., 1983b; Ribière et al., 2010). CBPV is sometimes
associated with a small “satellite” virus; chronic paralysis satellite virus
(CBPSV; originally called chronic bee paralysis virus associate CBPVA), which
has a unique genome and capsid protein to CBPV (Ribière et al., 2010) and is of unknown significance to symptomatology
(Bailey et al., 1980; Ball et al., 1985).