We found that insulin (显示 INS 蛋白) increases the cytotoxic effect of 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide in vitro up to two-fold. The effect was linked to enhancement of apoptosis, activation of apoptotic and autophagic pathways, and overexpression of glucose transporters 1 and 3 as well as inhibition of cell proliferation and motility

effects of physiologically relevant phospholipids on glucose transport in liposomes containing purified GLUT4 (显示 SLC2A4 蛋白) and GLUT3. The anionic phospholipids, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylinositol, were found to be essential for transporter function by activating it and stabilizing its structure.

Morphological changes and GLUT1 (显示 SLC2A1 蛋白), GLUT3, and GLUT4 (显示 SLC2A4 蛋白) expression were evaluated in placentas by immunohistochemical and image analysis and correlated with iAs and arsenical species concentration, which were quantified by atomic absorption spectroscopy