Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a type of obstructive lung disease that is progressive, meaning the condition gets worse over time, and characterized by long-term poor airflow, making it hard for the person to breathe. This condition includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema (a condition where alveoli in your lungs is gradually damaged), refractory (non-reversible) asthma, and some forms of bronchiectasis.

Smoking can be the primary cause of the condition of COPD. COPD can cause coughing that produces large amounts of mucus, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, among many other symptoms. COPD can develop for years without much noticeable shortness of breath. The symptoms can only be usually seen in the more developed stages of the condition.

Causes of COPD

Smoking and second hand smoke

Genetics

Dust and air pollution

Occupational exposure

Symptoms of COPD

Chronic cough

Producing lot of sputum

Shortness of breath while doing everyday activities (dyspnea)

Frequent respiratory infections

Blueness of the lips or fingernail beds (cyanosis)

Wheezing

Fatigue

COPD is a progressive disease, but adopting the right lifestyle can help prevent complications and slow the progress of the condition and stem additional deterioration of your health. The best practice to prevent COPD is to quit smoking, if you are a smoker, and also stay away from second hand smoke. It is also better to take preventive actions such as wearing a mask while going out so as to keep of air pollutants and dust from entering your body.