The UN’s human rights chief has rebuked Myanmar for a “brutal security operation” against Rohingya Muslims. Over 300,000 Rohingya have fled to Bangladesh to escape violence in the country’s Rakhine state.

United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra’ad al-Hussein lashed out at Myanmar’s government on Monday for what he termed a “clearly disproportionate” response to insurgent attacks on border guard posts last month.

“I call on the government to end its current cruel military operation, with accountability for all violations that have occurred, and to reverse the pattern of severe and widespread discrimination against the Rohingya population,” Zeid said. “The situation seems a textbook example of ethnic cleansing.”

Over 300,000 Rohingya have fled Myanmar to seek protection after an insurgent attack on security forces on August 25 in Rakhine sparked off a brutal military counteroffensive.

Hundreds of people, the majority of them Rohingya, have been killed in the violence that has seen many homes destroyed and several villages burned down.

Speaking at the start of a UN Human Rights Council session, Zeid pointed to satellite imagery and reports of “security forces and local militia burning Rohingya villages” and extrajudicial killings.

“The Myanmar government should stop pretending that the Rohingya are setting fire to their own homes and laying waste to their own villages,” he said.

“This complete denial of reality is doing great damage to the international standing of a government which, until recently, benefited from immense goodwill.”

Rohingya have faced years of persecution in Myanmar. They have been denied citizenship rights and are viewed by the local authorities as illegal immigrants from Bangladesh. Myanmar’s Buddhist majority is often accused of subjecting them to discrimination and violence.

Zeid said he was further “appalled” by reports of Myanmar authorities laying land mines along the border with Bangladesh.

Human rights watchdog Amnesty International said there were two land mine incidents on Sunday, including a blast that blew off a man’s leg.

“All indications point to the Myanmar security forces deliberately targeting locations that Rohingya refugees use as crossing points,” Tirana Hassan, Amnesty’s crisis response director, said in a statement.

Amnesty says Myanmar has one of the few militaries, along with North Korea and Syria, which has openly used anti-personnel land mines in recent years.