Review Questions

Although REM is a stage of deep sleep in which muscles are very
relaxed, paradoxically, people in REM sleep and people who are awake have
similar brain wave activity.

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2. What is the activation-synthesis theory of
dreams?

The activation-synthesis theory of dreams states that neurons in the
brain randomly activate during REM sleep and that dreams arise when the
cortex tries to make meaning out of these random neural impulses.

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3. What are the different classes of
recreational drugs?

The classes of recreational drugs are stimulants, sedatives,
hallucinogens, narcotics, and cannabis-derived drugs.

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4. What are the two main theories about the
nature of hypnosis?

One theory proposes that hypnosis causes people to dissociate or
divide their consciousness into two parts: an observing part and a
participating part. Another theory proposes that hypnosis makes people play
elaborate roles.

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5. What functions might sleep have?

The functions of sleep include conservation of energy, protection from
predators, and restoration of body tissues.