Key Facts on Illinois Immigrants: A publication made possible with support of the Illinois Department of Human Services to the Sargent Shriver National.

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Presentation on theme: "Key Facts on Illinois Immigrants: A publication made possible with support of the Illinois Department of Human Services to the Sargent Shriver National."— Presentation transcript:

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Key Facts on Illinois Immigrants: A publication made possible with support of the Illinois Department of Human Services to the Sargent Shriver National Center on Poverty Law Map displays foreign-born groups with 10,000+ members in Illinois, as counted in the American Community Survey. These include persons of all immigration statuses.

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Page Population Trends Number of Immigrants 44 Countries of Origin77 Place of Residence88 Key Measures of Integration1010 Naturalization1111 Income 1212 Educational Attainment1313 Growth of Immigrant Population Place of Residence1414 Port-of-Entry2525 New Immigrant Neighborhoods2727 Impact on Legislative Districts Illinois Senate3232 Illinois House of Representatives3434 2 Table of Contents

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Foreign Born Population in Illinois: 2005-2009 NumberPercent of Total Total 12,785,043 100.0% Native Born 11,072,516 86.6% Foreign Born 1,712,527 13.4% Source: American Community Survey There are 1.7 million immigrants in the state of Illinois. The state has the fifth largest foreign-born population in the nation. Foreign-born persons are nearly 14 percent or more than one in seven Illinois residents. 4 Foreign-Born Population In Illinois

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The number of immigrants in Illinois is at an all-time high, and has risen steadily since the 1960s, when federal immigration laws were substantially revised. The foreign-born percent of the Illinois population has also been rising since the 1960s, yet immigrants are a much smaller share of the states population then they were a century ago. Sources: Decennial censuses; 2009 refers to 2005-2009 American Community Survey 5 Immigration over Time

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Sources: Decennial censuses; 2009 refers to 2005-2009 American Community Survey Foreign Born Growth Over Previous Decade Foreign Born Population in Illinois Change from previous census Percent change from previous census 1990952,272128,57615.6% 20001,529,058576,78660.6% 20091,712,527183,46912.0% 6 Growth of Foreign Born in Illinois Immigration has slowed significantly in Illinois. The foreign-born population grew by almost 61 percent during the 1990s, but between 2000 and the 2005-2009 period the population rose only 12 percent.

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Foreign-Born Population Change by Top 10 Countries of Origin 199020002009 Change from 1990 to 2009 Total952,2721,529,0581,712,52779.8% Mexico281,651617,828687,526144.1% Poland80,594139,710148,05183.7% India40,81783,916114,228179.9% Philippines49,11967,07279,56562.0% China * 30,11150,70564,775115.1% Korea30,05840,68144,04046.5% Germany39,92032,76429,226-26.8% Italy33,81227,66122,647-33.0% Guatemala12,49320,12121,82474.7% Ukraine ** N/A20,72921,694N/A * Including Hong Kong and Taiwan in all periods ** Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union and not a sovereign country in 1990 Source: Decennial censuses; 2009 refers to 2005-2009 American Community Survey Immigrants from Mexico comprise the largest portion of all foreign-born groups in Illinois, at 688,000 persons in 2005-2009. Of large immigrant groups, India and Mexico represent the fastest growing populations. 7 Countries of Origin

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The collar counties are experiencing the fastest growth in immigrant population. The foreign born have risen in number by more than 200 percent in Kane, Lake, McHenry and Will counties since 1990. The collar counties are home to 483,000 immigrants. In the city of Chicago, however, the number of foreign born declined by more than 5% since the year 2000. Source: Decennial censuses; 2009 refers to 2005-2009 American Community Survey Residence of Foreign Born 199020002009 Change 1990 to 2009 Illinois952,2721,529,0581,712,52780% Chicago Metro879,8631,416,8901,561,98378% Cook717,3171,064,7031,079,10250% DuPage71,335138,656165,433132% Kane26,10063,51685,367227% Lake41,58395,536126,094203% McHenry7,87618,76431,306297% Will15,65235,71574,681377% Rest of Illinois72,409112,168150,544108% Residence of Foreign Born 199020002009 Change 1990 to 2009 Illinois952,2721,529,0581,712,52780% Chicago469,187628,903593,25526% Cook Suburbs248,130435,800485,84796% Collar Counties Suburbs162,546352,187482,881197% Rest of Illinois72,409112,168150,544108% 8 Click Here For A More Detailed Look at Immigrants by Counties Click Here For A More Detailed Look at Immigrants by Counties Residence of Immigrants in Illinois

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Source: Decennial censuses; 2009 refers to 2005-2009 American Community Survey 9 The graph below illustrates the declining numbers of immigrants in Chicago, the flattening of immigrant growth in suburban Cook, and the rising share of regional immigrants in the collar counties. The Rise of the Suburbs

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Key Measures of Integration 10 With its long history of immigration, a key question for Illinois is the extent to which immigrant populations are integrating into society. Three key measures of immigrant integration are citizenship, income and education.

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Naturalization is the voluntary process by which legal immigrants become U.S. citizens. The percent of immigrants who are naturalized is an important indicator of immigrant integration. Naturalization rates of Illinois immigrants have risen since the year 2000, after a decline during the 1990s.* About 44 percent of immigrants are U.S. citizens. Naturalization rates are highest among long- established groups from Europe, and lowest among the Mexican population. Naturalization Rates by Top 10 Countries of Origin 199020002007 All Foreign Born44.6%39.4%44.8% Mexico24.3%23.9%26.9% Poland44.5%42.4%53.4% India36.8%39.6%50.2% Philippines60.9%60.6%65.3% China * 45.3%48.4%55.4% Korea45.4%57.4%62.8% Germany73.3%69.6%70.6% Italy76.1%76.9%74.1% Guatemala25.4%37.1%43.8% Ukraine ** N/A50.5%69.1% *Including Hong Kong and Taiwan in all periods ** Ukraine was part of Soviet Union; not a sovereign country in 1990 Source: IPUMS: 2007 is average of 2006-08 period 11 Naturalization Rates *Naturalization rates fell in part because the 1990s were a period with high levels of new immigrant arrivals, both documented and undocumented.

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Poverty among immigrants in Illinois has declined slightly since 1990. About 12.9 percent of immigrants are below the poverty level. Among individual groups, current poverty rates are highest among persons from Mexico (17.3%), the Ukraine (14.6%) and Korea (13.2%). Poverty rates among natives have risen since 1990, from 11.7 percent in that year to 11.9 percent in 2005-2009. Poverty Rates of Foreign Born by Top 10 Countries of Origin 199020002007 Native Born11.7%10.5%11.9% All Foreign Born13.6%13.0%12.9% Mexico18.8%17.4%17.3% Poland10.9%6.0%7.1% India8.6%6.0%8.3% Philippines3.7%4.5%3.8% China * 18.2%12.4%12.6% Korea16.3%13.3%13.2% Germany5.6%6.5%7.8% Italy6.2%5.6%6.7% Guatemala19.1%13.9%11.4% Ukraine ** N/A16.3%14.6% *Including Hong Kong and Taiwan in all periods ** Ukraine was part of Soviet Union; not a sovereign country in 1990 Source: IPUMS: 2007 is average of 2006-08 period 12 Poverty Rates

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Educational levels of Illinois immigrants have risen steadily in the last two decades. In 1990 about 42 percent of immigrants did not have a high school degree, but by 2005-2009 that number had fallen to 30 percent. Similarly, the percent of the foreign born with a bachelors degree rose from 21 to 28 percent between 1990 and 2007. Foreign Born With Bachelors Degree Or Higher by Top 10 Countries of Origin 199020002007 Native Born21.1%26.2%29.8% All Foreign Born20.8%25.2%28.0% Mexico3.0%4.1%4.9% Poland12.3%17.0%23.5% India61.2%67.4%71.2% Philippines57.7%61.9%63.8% China * 46.6%59.3%56.3% Korea44.5%52.2%57.7% Germany17.8%26.5%28.8% Italy7.2%11.5%14.2% Guatemala6.1%7.9%13.7% Ukraine ** N/A46.0%51.5% *Including Hong Kong and Taiwan in all periods ** Ukraine was part of Soviet Union; not a sovereign country in 1990 Foreign Born with No High School Diploma by Top 10 Countries of Origin 199020002007 Native Born21.6%15.2%11.0% All Foreign Born41.9%37.7%30.4% Mexico71.7%65.7%54.8% Poland39.2%27.4%14.0% India14.3%13.3%9.1% Philippines8.6%8.0%5.1% China * 28.2%20.9%19.0% Korea15.1%10.5%6.3% Germany29.3%18.4%15.5% Italy62.8%47.4%40.6% Guatemala49.1%46.1%36.1% Ukraine ** N/A19.6%8.3% *Including Hong Kong and Taiwan in all periods ** Ukraine was part of Soviet Union; not a sovereign country in 1990 13 Source: IPUMS: 2007 is average of 2006-08 period Educational Attainment

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The following maps use American Community Survey data on immigrants by census tracts to provide a deeper understanding of where the foreign born live and their importance within neighborhoods and other local areas. Impact of Immigration on Neighborhoods 21 Click Here For A More Detailed Look at Immigrants by Municipalities* Click Here For A More Detailed Look at Immigrants by Municipalities* *Large file, may take time to load.

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These maps tell another story of metro Chicago immigration. Each dot represents the top 100 census tracts in terms of recent immigrants. As may be seen, new immigrants to metro Chicago increasingly arrive in the suburbs and in an increasingly dispersed set of neighborhoods in the region. Map details are : 1990: top 100 tracts in number of immigrants who arrived in 1985-1990 2000: top 100 tracts in number of immigrants who arrived in 1995-2000 2005-2009: top 100 tracts in number of immigrants who arrived since 2000 199020002005-2009 26

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New arrivals are immigrants who came to the U.S. since the year 2000. 28 Top 10 Census Tracts of New Immigrant Arrivals to Metro Chicago Source: 2005-2009 American Community Survey This map displays the top ten census tracts in 2005-2009 in number of recent arrivals to the U.S., i.e., immigrants who came to the U.S. since 2000. These port-of-entry areas are significant for where they are – on the North Side of Chicago and in the northern Cook County suburbs – and where they are not – they do not include traditional immigrant neighborhoods on Chicagos South Side such as the Lower West Side or South Lawndale.

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29 What Is the Impact of Immigrants in State Legislative Districts?

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As immigrant communities move to the suburbs they play an increasing role in suburban legislative districts. The maps below highlight this movement of immigrants to districts in DuPage and Kane counties. 30 Impact in Legislative Districts Note: Legislative district maps and elected officials as of February 2011.

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Foreign Born Population In Illinois Senate Districts 20002009 31 Source: 2005-2009 American Community Survey