The purpose of this study is to determine whether a multi-modal anesthesia and pain control protocol reduces post-operative and post-discharge nausea and vomiting (PONV and PDNV) in patients undergoing upper jaw corrective surgery.

Further study details as provided by University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill:

Primary Outcome Measures:

Post-operative Nausea [ Time Frame: End of surgery to discharge from hospital ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

End of surgery time determined by anesthesia portion of the medical record. PONV to be assessed by review of surgeons' and nurses' notes in the medical record as well as through review of patient diaries. Vomiting constitutes a safety issue and, as such, associated adverse events will be noted.

Post-operative Vomiting [ Time Frame: End of surgery to discharge from hospital ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

Secondary Outcome Measures:

Hospital Length of Stay [ Time Frame: Anesthesia start time to placement of hospital discharge order - average 26 - 28 hours ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

Anesthesia start time determined from anesthesia portion of the medical record. Time at which discharge order was placed will serve as time of discharge.

Intervention group consisted of patients undergoing maxillary osteotomy who received an antiemetic protocol designed to provide multimodal antiemetic therapy which have been shown to help prevent and/or treat postoperative nausea, combined with the elimination of anesthetic factors that may contribute to postoperative nausea and vomiting.

known prolonged QT interval (QTc > 460) or the same found incidentally

history of severe constipation

pre-existing chronic nausea or vomiting

allergies or contraindications to protocol medications

patient insistence on inhalational induction of anesthesia.

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Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01592708