Caption: Augmented bladder. Coloured retrograde cystography image (bladder X-ray) using a contrast medium to show a full (pre-urination) augmented bladder that was created during surgery to treat bladder cancer in a 75-year-old man. This is a right anterior (frontal) oblique view, with the patient in a supine (lying down) position. The augmented bladder includes grafted portions of the ileum (part of the small intestine). This operation is known as replacement enterocystoplasty.