Pulp preparation systems

KRYSTIAN – Technology and innovation

For a long time the paper industry is using the waste paper as a raw material for paper making. In the recent years, due to the dynamic development of civilization (mainly in the highly developed countries) the large increase in the consumption of different goods, among them the paper and paper products has been noticed. A similar trend is observed in Poland, but in the comparison with the highly industrialized countries of the European Union the volume of the paper production in Poland is several times less per capita. Therefore, in Poland is expectedthe growth of paper consumption and production. The increase in the consumption contributes to increase not only the production of paper, but also to increase the volume of the waste paper.

Integration with the European Union causes many changes in Polish environmental legislation and enforces the need of the obtainment and processing of waste paper, mostly the so-called post-consumer paper, which means printed paper, offices paper, households paper, the paper from commerce and advertising.

In the 90s of the twentieth century, the strategic objectives of the paper industry in Poland has been designated by the two programs. First of them „Program restructuring fibrous raw material consumption by the paper industry in Poland“ was initiated in 1994 after the publication in the Paper Review „National Program for Recycled Paper“. In May 1994 the President of the Association of Polish Papermakers (SPP) sent the letter to the Ministry of Industry and Commerce concerning the development and validation of complex system solutions related to the collecting and processing of the waste paper in Poland.

After a 3-year preparatory works, mainly connected with the financing of this project from PHARE funds, in May 1997 began the developing „Program for restructuring of fibrous raw material consumption by the paper industry in Poland.“ This project was completed in 1999, and the SPP is in charge for its implementation. It is expected that by the year 2010 printed waste paper recovery rate will increase from 46% to 55% – 60%.

Office paper is a potential source of very valuable paper fibers, suitable for the decolorization, for making high-quality wood-free paper and cellulose hygienic tissue paper. The key issue here is the question – how to prepare the raw material, which is recycled mass and which must have the corresponding properties – the mass must be properly dispersed, bleached and bleached.

Weight of recycled paper is a fiberising product, like as using paper and cardboard. For this reason, it is a secondary intermediate product, qualitatively heterogeneous, dependent on both – the type and the degree of contamination and printed papers or cardboard, which has been produced, as well as methods for their purification and fiberising. Properties of recycled paper pulp are dependent on the properties of the base material (recycled paper), the paper produced from the recycled paper or not your own is always weaker than the raw material from which the fibers previously been dried they lose some time (20-40%), swelling capacity, condition for good bonding of the fibers.

Mainly used for making paper from plant fibers and only small amounts are produced from animal fibers (wool, leather), minerals (asbestos, glass, slag wool) or metal (aluminum, steel). Knowledge of the morphological, chemical, physical and physicochemical properties of fibers is important for understanding their behavior during the paper production processes and their influence on the properties of final product.