..Although ICI 182,780 causes severe alterations in testicular and efferent ductule morphology and function, the effects on the expression of estrogen and androgen receptors in the male have not been shown...

..In total, these findings indicate that low-dose exposures to ubiquitous environmental oestrogens impact the prostate epigenome during development and in so doing, promote prostate disease with ageing...

Molecular signaling pathways that regulate prostate gland development

Gail S PrinsDepartment of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL 606012, USADifferentiation 76:641-59. 2008

..Except where otherwise indicated, results from rodent models will be presented since studies that examine molecular signaling in the developing human prostate gland are sparse at the present time...

Retinoic acid receptors and retinoids are up-regulated in the developing and adult rat prostate by neonatal estrogen exposure

..These findings provide the first direct evidence that human prostate progenitor cells are estrogen targets and that estradiol in an androgen-supported milieu is a carcinogen for human prostate epithelium...

The role of Fgf10 signaling in branching morphogenesis and gene expression of the rat prostate gland: lobe-specific suppression by neonatal estrogens

..To understand the potential involvement in prostate disease connexin 32 and 43 expression was evaluated in a series of normal prostate, BPH and prostate cancer specimens that were surgically removed due to bladder outlet obstruction...

..This study demonstrates that the reproductive tracts of male mice differ considerably from those of rats in expression of ARs and ERs and that caution is needed when extrapolating nuclear steroid receptor data across mammalian species...

The role of prolactin in the prostatic inflammatory response to neonatal estrogen

Jason P GilleranDepartment of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USAEndocrinology 144:2046-54. 2003

..As prostatic inflammation or prostatitis in humans is associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma, this animal model may provide mechanistic insight with regards to age-associated prostatic lesions...

..Taken together, the present data show that exposure to neonatal estrogens down-regulates AR protein levels in the ventral prostate gland by accelerating AR degradation, which is mediated through the proteosome pathway...

..This differential modulation of the steroid hormone receptors highlights the importance of maintaining a physiological androgen-estrogen balance to regulate the structure and function of efferent ductules in the male...

Disruption of growth hormone signaling retards early stages of prostate carcinogenesis in the C3(1)/T antigen mouse

..1 cis-regulatory elements provides a unique starting point to dissect signaling pathways involved in prostate organogenesis and pathogenesis and provides a system to perturb gene expression throughout prostate development...

..In total, these findings indicate that low-dose exposures to ubiquitous environmental estrogens affect the prostate epigenome during development and, in so doing, promote prostate disease with aging...

..Finally, this study establishes the ArKO mouse model of estrogen deficiency as a unique approach to study the effects of estrogens, estrogenic factors, and endocrine disruptors on prostate development...

Chapel Hill bisphenol A expert panel consensus statement: integration of mechanisms, effects in animals and potential to impact human health at current levels of exposure

..The present review consists of the consensus report on the evidence for a role of BPA in carcinogenesis, examining the available evidence in humans and animal models with recommendations for future areas of research...

..These results suggest that expression of AR in motoneurons of the SNB in aged male rats is up-regulated in response to androgen and that androgen may be, at least in part, involved in the process of aging of the SNB in male rats...

MHC class I and class II molecules are expressed in both human and mouse prostate tumor microenvironment

Research Grants2

..Results will further define the mechanisms of estrogen's actions on the prostate gland during early development and lead to a better understanding of the hormonal and developmental basis for abnormal prostate growth with aging...