Richard Booth Eva Richter On Revising Fuzzy Belief Bases Abstract. We look at the problem of revising fuzzy belief bases, i.e., belief base revision in which both formulas in the base as well as revision-input formulas can come attached with varying degrees. Working within a very general framework

that the glaciers accelerated following ice shelf removal, and have been thinning and losing mass to the ocean overRecent ice loss from the Fleming and other glaciers, Wordie Bay, West Antarctic Peninsula E. Rignot ice thickness data from 2002, reveal that the glaciers flowing into former Wordie Ice Shelf, West

Production of 3D Structures in Printing Veronika Chovancova*, Alexandra Pekarovicova* and Paul D from our laboratory show a modified formula of hot melt ink that can be used in 3D thermal wax printing. Fleming III* Keywords: 3D Structure, Hot Melt, Blowing Agents, Calorimetry Abstract The ability to form

Self-primed ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and non-EVA (PMG) encapsulant formulations were developed that have greater resistance to damp heat exposure at 85 deg C and 85% relative humidity (RH) (in terms of adhesion strength to glass substrates) than a commonly used commercial EVA product. The self-primed EVA formulations were developed on the basis of high-performing glass priming formulations that have previously proven to significantly enhance the adhesion strength of unprimed and primed EVA films on glass substrates during damp heat exposure. The PMG encapsulant formulations were based on an ethylene-methylacrylate copolymer containing glycidyl methacrylate.

13 STERLING A. BROWN We sincerely appreciate Charles Rowell's asking us to write this in- troductory note to Callaloo's special section on Sterling Brown. Several recent studies, symposia, and awards are testaments to a revi- val of critical... interest in Sterling Brown, poet, literary critic, teacher, anthologist, and raconteur. The Collected Poems of Sterling A. Brown (Harper & Row), for example, received the Lenore Marshall Poetry Prize for 1980 from Saturday Review. The Modern Language...

Micrococcus luteus (NCTC2665, Fleming strain) has one of the smallest genomes of free living actinobacteria sequenced to date, comprising a single circular chromosome of 2,501,097 bp (G+C content 73%) predicted to encode 2403 proteins. The genome shows extensive synteny with that of the closely related organism, Kocuria rhizophila, from which it was taxonomically separated relatively recently. Despite its small size, the genome harbors 73 IS elements, almost all of which are closely related to elements found in other actinobacteria. An IS element is inserted into the rrs gene of one of only two rrn operons found in M. luteus. The genome encodes only four sigma factors and fourteen response regulators, indicative of adaptation to a rather strict ecological niche (mammalian skin). The high sensitivity of M. luteus to {Beta}-lactam antibiotics may result from the presence of a reduced set of penicillin binding proteins and the absence of a wblC gene, which plays an important role in antibiotic resistance in other actinobacteria. Consistent with the restricted range of compounds it can use as a sole source of carbon for energy and growth, M. luteus has a minimal complement of genes concerned with carbohydrate transport and metabolism and its inability to utilize glucose as a sole carbon source may be due to the apparent absence of a gene encoding glucokinase. Uniquely among characterized bacteria, M. luteus appears to be able to metabolize glycogen only via trehalose, and to make trehalose only via glycogen. It has very few genes associated with secondary metabolism. In contrast to other actinobacteria, M. luteus encodes only one resuscitation-promoting factor (Rpf) required for emergence from dormancy and its complement of other dormancy-related proteins is also much reduced. M. luteus is capable of long-chain alkene biosynthesis, which is of interest for advanced biofuel production; a three gene cluster essential for this metabolism has been identified in the genome.

A survey of case histories of EVA-based encapsulant discoloration in fielded modules in the U. S. reveals that the problem is limited to areas of the West and Southwest that have comparatively high solar insolation and ambient temperature. There have been no reported cases of discolored EVA encapsulant from modules fielded in the Northeast, Central U. S., or Western Europe. The absence of hard data regarding module operating temperatures, solar insolation, onset of discoloration, and quantitative information regarding the degree of discoloration has made correlation between various fabrication, placement, and operating conditions and incidence of discoloration difficult it not impossible. However, the degree of discoloration does appear to correlate with increasing average daily direct normal solar radiation and approximate maximum module operating temperature, as estimated from maximum ambient temperatures. It is clear that the discoloration problem is not limited to the modules of any one manufacturer, however, the rate and degree of discoloration do appear to vary from company to company. Also, discoloration is not limited to EVA encapsulant sheet from any one supplier.

Extravehicular activity (EVA) is an important aspect of space explorations. It enables astronauts carry out tasks outside the protective environment of the spacecraft cabin. The crew requires EVA radio transceivers to transmit and receive...

Institute of Technology McGill University Michigan State University New York University Northwestern University of Kansas University of Maryland, College Park University of Michigan University of MinnesotaBrandeis University Brown University California Institute of Technology Carnegie Mellon University

We investigated the effectiveness of glass-surface priming to promote enhanced adhesion of EVA laminates during damp-heat exposure at 85 C and 85% relative humidity. The primary objective was to develop advanced encapsulant formulations by incorporation of various primer formulations that exhibit improved adhesion during damp-heat exposure. Several primer formulations were identified that greatly enhanced the EVA adhesion strength, including to the extent that peeling could not be initiated, even for the laminates of the glass substrate/fast-cure EVA15295P/TPE backsheet (a Tedlar/polyester/EVA tri-laminate) that were exposed in a damp-heat test chamber for more than 750 h. The results show that a synergistic increase in the interfacial hydrophobicity, siloxane density, and cross-linking density are the key attributes to the improvement in the EVA adhesion strength.

The primary aim of this thesis is to advance the current understanding of astronauts' capabilities and limitations in space-suited extravehicular activity (EVA) by compiling a detailed database of the torques needed to ...

We extend the spatial Lambda-Fleming-Viot process introduced in [BEV10] to incorporate recombination. The process models allele frequencies in a population which is distributed over the two-dimensional torus T(L) of sidelength L and is subject to two kinds of reproduction events : small events of radius O(1) and much rarer large events of radius O(L^{alpha}) for some alpha in (0,1]. We investigate the correlation between the times to the most recent common ancestor of alleles at two linked loci for a sample of size two from the population. These individuals are initially sampled from `far apart' on the torus. As L tends to infinity, depending on the frequency of the large events, the recombination rate and the initial distance between the two individuals sampled, we obtain either a complete decorrelation of the coalescence times at the two loci, or a sharp transition between a first period of complete correlation and a subsequent period during which the remaining times needed to reach the most recent common a...

We briefly outline the physics underlying the mechanical and thermal properties of brown dwarfs, which characterizes their interiors and their atmospheres. We mention the most recent improvements realyzed in the theory of brown dwarfs and the connection with experimental and observational tests of this theory.

Control strategies for reactive batch distillation Eva Swensen and Sigurd Skogestad" Department be combined directly with a distillation column by distilling off the light component product in order a maximum value in order to avoid break-through of an intermediate component in the distillate. This maximum

The curing of cross-linkable encapsulation is a critical consideration for photovoltaic (PV) modules manufactured using a lamination process. Concerns related to ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (EVA) include the quality (e.g., expiration and uniformity) of the films or completion (duration) of the cross-linking of the EVA within a laminator. Because these issues are important to both EVA and module manufacturers, an international standard has recently been proposed by the Encapsulation Task-Group within the Working Group 2 (WG2) of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Technical Committee 82 (TC82) for the quantification of the degree of cure for EVA encapsulation. The present draft of the standard calls for the use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as the rapid, enabling secondary (test) method. Both the residual enthalpy- and melt/freeze-DSC methods are identified. The DSC methods are calibrated against the gel content test, the primary (reference) method. Aspects of other established methods, including indentation and rotor cure metering, were considered by the group. Key details of the test procedure will be described.

Energy Systems, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, AUSTRALIA 2 Dow Corning Corporation.mcintosh@anu.edu.au ABSTRACT Under the AM1-5g spectrum, the efficiency of a c-Si module can be increased by 0.5­1.5% (relative less than ~400 nm being transmitted by silicone but blocked by EVA. The highest increase in efficiency

The curing of cross-linkable encapsulation is a critical consideration for photovoltaic (PV) modules manufactured using a lamination process. Concerns related to ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (EVA) include the quality (e.g., expiration and uniformity) of the films or completion (duration) of the cross-linking of the EVA within a laminator. Because these issues are important to both EVA and module manufacturers, an international standard has recently been proposed by the Encapsulation Task-Group within the Working Group 2 (WG2) of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Technical Committee 82 (TC82) for the quantification of the degree of cure for EVA encapsulation. The present draft of the standard calls for the use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as the rapid, enabling secondary (test) method. Both the residual enthalpy- and melt/freeze-DSC methods are identified. The DSC methods are calibrated against the gel content test, the primary (reference) method. Aspects of other established methods, including indentation and rotor cure metering, were considered by the group. Key details of the test procedure will be described.

Relationally-Parametric Polymorphic Contracts Arjun Guha Brown University arjun@cs.brown.edu Jacob are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full

TWO LOST SONNETS BY STERLING A. BROWN edited and introduced by John Edgar Tidwell and Ted Genoways The emergence of Sterling A. Brown into poetic maturity resulted from a well- known dialectical engagement with the aesthetics of African...-American folk tradition. As Brown recounted so often, these experiential and imaginative encounters derived from a benevolent conspiracy between his theologian father, the Rev. Sterling Nelson Brown, and the eminent historian Carter G. Woodson to send...

Biosolids and Wildlife Sally Brown University of Washington People sometimes express concern that while using biosolids for restoration or for forest fertilization can provide the necessary nutrients for plant growth, contaminants in the biosolids can pose a danger to wildlife that will use these treated

Biosolids and Odor Sally Brown University of Washington Even those people who regard municipal biosolids as a wonderful resource would be hard pressed to classify their odor as innocuous. For those who question the safety of biosolids, their odor is proof that beneficial use of biosolids is an unsafe

Several encapsulation schemes for crystalline Si (c-Si) solar cells, grouped into three categories of superstrate/encapsulant/Si-cell/encapsulant/substrate, were studied using different superstrates and substrates with extruded EVA films as the main encapsulant materials. A number of technical problems were observed and practical solutions to the problems are presented. The results are useful for designing and fabricating various samples of encapsulated c-Si cells and mini-modules for accelerated weathering tests in our future work. {copyright} {ital 1997 American Institute of Physics.}

Photovoltaic devices with low band gap polymers Eva Bundgaarda, Sean Shaheenb, David S. Ginleyb, Colorado, USA Abstract Progress in organic photovoltaic devices has recently resulted in reported temperature, active area of the device and molecular weight of the polymer, on the photovoltaic response

DrModelica A Web-Based Teaching Environment for Modelica Eva-Lena Lengquist Sandelin, Susanna Modelica inspired by existing tutoring systems for Java and Scheme. The purpose of this new teaching material, called DrModelica, is to facilitate the learning of Modelica in a modeling and simulation

Presented at the 2001 NCPV Program Review Meeting: Study of photothermal stability of special EVA encapsulant by accelerated exposure testing and analysis of causes of performance degradation on a-Si modules.

, Graham, ApJ, 428, L57, June. 1994 #12;The First (correct and public) Brown Dwarf: PPl 15 10/21/12Ringberg Dwarf: PPl 15 10/21/12Ringberg Brown Dwarfs 4 We found that the only plausible way to reconcile "lithium dating". This adjustment in age meant that the inferred mass of PPl 15 rose to near the substellar

We present paper six of the NIRSPEC Brown Dwarf Spectroscopic Survey, an analysis of multi-epoch, high-resolution (R~20,000) spectra of 25 field dwarf systems (3 late-type M dwarfs, 16 L dwarfs, and 6 T dwarfs) taken with the NIRSPEC infrared spectrograph at the W. M. Keck Observatory. With a radial velocity precision of ~2 km/s, we are sensitive to brown dwarf companions in orbits with periods of a few years or less given a mass ratio of 0.5 or greater. We do not detect any spectroscopic binary brown dwarfs in the sample. Given our target properties, and the frequency and cadence of observations, we use a Monte Carlo simulation to determine the detection probability of our sample. Even with a null detection result, our 1 sigma upper limit for very low mass binary frequency is 18%. Our targets included 7 known, wide brown dwarf binary systems. No significant radial velocity variability was measured in our multi-epoch observations of these systems, even for those pairs for which our data spanned a significant ...

procurement, logistics and travel policy and oversight to the Department. Brown was a Rear Admiral in the Navy from 2004 - 2007 and served as the Competition Advocate General of the Navy and was the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Acquisition Management) for the Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Research

Event and Meeting Space Guide 2011 Brown Garden -Accomodates up to 100 People -Outdoor Location -Accomodates up to 126 people in the pews, and 100 in chairs, totaling 226 people. Farnsworth Pavilion -Accomodates up to 100 People -Also serves as art gallery -Located on the 1st Floor #12;Grand Hall -Accomodates

since 1978 at West Texas Ranchers selling rain, don't you think?" "Sam, long as you've lived in West Texas you ought to know betterBrenner Brown Water Science and Conservation Texas Water Development Board #12;1950 ­ 1957

Complementary methods of high-resolution mass spectrometry and micro-spectroscopy were utilized for molecular analysis of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generated from ozonolysis of two structural monoterpene isomers: D-limonene (LSOA) and a-pinene (PSOA). Laboratory simulated aging of LSOA and PSOA, through conversion of carbonyls into imines mediated by NH3 vapors in humid air, resulted in selective browning of the LSOA sample, while the PSOA sample remained white. Comparative analysis of the reaction products in the aged LSOA and PSOA samples provided insights into chemistry relevant to formation of brown carbon chromophores. A significant fraction of carbonyl-imine conversion products with identical molecular formulas were detected in both samples. This reflects the high level of similarity in the molecular composition of these two closely related SOA materials. Several highly conjugated products were detected exclusively in the brown LSOA sample and were identified as potential chromophores responsible for the observed color change. The majority of the unique products in the aged LSOA sample with the highest number of double bonds contain two nitrogen atoms. We conclude that chromophores characteristic of the carbonyl- imine chemistry in LSOA are highly conjugated oligomers of secondary imines (Schiff bases) present at relatively low concentrations. Formation of this type of conjugated compounds in PSOA is hindered by the structural rigidity of the a-pinene oxidation products. Our results suggest that the overall light-absorbing properties of SOA may be determined by trace amounts of strong brown carbon chromophores.

1 Caribbean House Patrick Brown, Faculty Director Jerry Aviles, Student Director Sonia Nelson, Student Director OVERVIEW The Caribbean House will be a phenomenal experience for everyone, not just the Caribbean culture and demonstrate the beautiful lifestyle that we try to live everyday. There is already

February 1, 2006 Emmett Brown, Executive Director National Fresh Water Fishing Hall of Fame P deduce the length of the fish by assuming a height of the angler of 72" and using direct scaling. Even between the distance of the camera to the angler and to the fish. Discounting that distance leads

Where do Biosolids come from? Sally Brown University of Washington If you have paid any attention to biosolids, either as a farmer, treatment plant worker, or concerned citizen, you will most likely have come across a description of biosolids that is something like this' the nutrient-rich by-product of wastewater

We conjecture that brown dwarfs are substellar objects because they have been ejected from small newborn multiple systems which have decayed in dynamical interactions. In this view, brown dwarfs are stellar embryos for which the star formation process was aborted before the hydrostatic cores could build up enough mass to eventually start hydrogen burning. The disintegration of a small multiple system is a stochastic process, which can be described only in terms of the half-life of the decay. A stellar embryo competes with its siblings in order to accrete infalling matter, and the one that grows slowest is most likely to be ejected. With better luck, a brown dwarf would therefore have become a normal star. This interpretation of brown dwarfs readily explains the rarity of brown dwarfs as companions to normal stars (aka the ``brown dwarf desert''), the absence of wide brown dwarf binaries, and the flattening of the low mass end of the initial mass function. Possible observational tests of this scenario include statistics of brown dwarfs near Class 0 sources, and the kinematics of brown dwarfs in star forming regions while they still retain a kinematic signature of their expulsion. Because the ejection process limits the amount of gas brought along in a disk, it is predicted that substellar equivalents to the classical T Tauri stars should be very rare.

Nanocomposite materials with layered clay used as nanofiller and polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and copolymer ethylene and vinyl acetate matrix (EVA, the content of VA component 19 wt. %) were prepared by compounding the individual components in Brabender kneader. The MMT Na+ and four types of commercial products such as Nanofil N 5 and N3000, Cloisite 93A and 30B were used as nanofillers. Next to the clays microprecipitated CaHCO{sub 3}, nanosilica and Halloysite tubes were used. The quantity of all the above-mentioned (nano)fillers was 1, 3 and 5 wt. % in relation to the content of montmorillonite. The aim was to evaluate the influence of (nano)filler type and concentration on nanocomposite barrier properties. The morphology of nanocomposite samples was examined by means of XRD analysis illustrated by transmission electronic microscopy TEM. Furthermore, permeability for O{sub 2} and CO{sub 2} were observed.

Biosorption of Trivalent Chromium on the Brown Seaweed Biomass Y E O U N G - S A N G Y U N , D O N brown alga Ecklonia biomass as a model system. Titration of the biomass revealed that it contains that various biosorbents are able to effectively remove chromium (4-11). Some of the biomass types have

The Eva South Morrow Sand Unit is located in western Texas County, Oklahoma. The field produces from an upper Morrow sandstone, termed the Eva sandstone, deposited in a transgressive valley-fill sequence. The field is defined as a combination structural stratigraphic trap; the reservoir lies in a convex up -dip bend in the valley and is truncated on the west side by the Teepee Creek fault. Although the field has been a successful waterflood since 1993, reservoir heterogeneity and compartmentalization has impeded overall sweep efficiency. A 4.25 square mile high-resolution, three component three-dimensional (3C3D) seismic survey was acquired in order to improve reservoir characterization and pinpoint the optimal location of a new horizontal producing well, the ESU 13-H.

We use numerical N-body simulations in order to test whether the kinematics of stars and brown dwarfs at birth depend on mass. In particular we examine how initial variations in velocity dispersion can affect the spatial distribution of stellar and substellar objects in clusters. We use 'toy' N-body models of a Pleiades-like cluster in which brown dwarfs have their own velocity dispersion sigma_(V_BD) which is k times larger than the stellar one. We find that in order to match the broad agreement between the brown dwarf fraction in the field and in the Pleiades, the velocity dispersion of brown dwarfs at birth has to be less than twice the stellar velocity dispersion, i.e. cannot exceed a few km/s in the Pleiades cluster. In order to discern more subtle differences between the kinematics of brown dwarfs and stars at birth, our simulations show that we need to look at clusters that are much less dynamically evolved than the Pleiades. One might especially seek evidence of high velocity brown dwarfs at birth by examining spatial distribution of stars and brown darfs in clusters that are about a crossing timescale old.

We have undertaken a series of hydrodynamic + N-body simulations in order to explore the properties of young stars. Our results suggest that the IMF may be sensitive to environment in its substellar region, with more brown dwarfs being formed where clusters are denser or more compact. We find that multiple stars are a natural outcome of collapsing turbulent flows, with a high incidence of N > 2 multiples. We find a positive correlation of multiplicity with primary mass but a companion frequency that decreases with age. Binary brown dwarfs are rarely formed, in conflict with observations. Brown dwarfs as companions are predominantly found orbiting binaries or triples at large separations.

I report on the X-ray detection of Gl569Bab. During a 25ksec Chandra observation the binary brown dwarf is for the first time spatially separated in X-rays from the flare star primary Gl569A. Companionship to Gl569A constrains the age of the brown dwarf pair to ~300-800 Myr. The observation presented here is only the second X-ray detection of an evolved brown dwarf. About half of the observing time is dominated by a large flare on Gl569Bab, the remainder is characterized by weak and non-variable emission just above the detection limit. This emission -- if not related to the afterglow of the flare -- represents the first detection of a quiescent corona on a brown dwarf, representing an important piece in the puzzle of dynamos in the sub-stellar regime.

Trigonometric parallaxes have been measured by Dahn et al. (2002) for 28 cool dwarfs and brown dwarfs, including 17 L dwarfs and three T dwarfs. Broadband CCD and near-IR photometry (VRIz*JHK) have been obtained for these objects and for 24 additional late-type dwarfs. These data have been supplemented with astrometry and photometry from the literature, including parallaxes for the brighter companions of ten L and two T dwarfs. The absolute magnitudes and colors are reviewed here. The I-J color and the spectral type are both good predictors of absolute magnitude for late-M and L dwarfs. M_J becomes monotonically fainter with I-J color and with spectral type through late-L dwarfs, then brightens for early-T dwarfs. In contrast, the J-K color correlates poorly with absolute magnitude for L dwarfs. Using several other parameters from the literature (Li detection, H-alpha emission strength, projected rotation velocity, and tangential velocity), we fail to uncover any measurable parameter that correlates with the anomalous J-K color.

This study probed the effects of Brown v. Board of Education on the growth of social psychology and psychology in general. Brown v. Board of Education, the 1954 landmark case that made segregation illegal and ended the "separate but equal...

The Hanbury Brown Twiss effect for atomic matter waves Christoph I. Westbrook and Denis Boiron This paper discusses our recent work on developing the matter wave analogs to the Hanbury Brown Twiss light in the famous experiments of Robert Hanbury Brown and Richard Twiss (HBT) [4]. Although the effect

Hanbury Brown­Twiss Correlations to Probe the Population Statistics of GHz Photons Emitted of GHz photons in quantum circuits, using Hanbury Brown and Twiss correlations. The super The seminal experiment of Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) [1], consisted in two detectors correlating the power

Application of the Hanbury Brown­Twiss effect to scattering from quasi-homogeneous media David: Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect Scattering Born approximation Quasi-homogeneous media Inverse scattering a b scattering media, is studied by the use of the Hanbury Brown­Twiss effect. In particular the two

399 SOME EFFECTS OF DDT ON THE GUPPY AND THE BROWN TROUT SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT-FISHERIES Na 399, Daniel H . Janzen, Director SOME EFFECTS OF DDT ON THE GUPPY AND THE BROWN TROUT By Susan Frances King following exposure to DDT .... 6 Results 6 Bioassays with the guppy 6 Bioassays with young brown trout 8 Hi

Toward Systems Biology in Brown Algae to Explore Acclimation and Adaptation to the Shore,2 Catherine Boyen,1,2 and Anne Siegel4,5 Abstract Brown algae belong to a phylogenetic lineage distantly siliculosus as a model organism for brown algae has represented a framework in which several omics techniques

We discuss a scenario in which brown dwarfs are formed like stars, except that their full collapse phases are interrupted through dynamical interactions in small multiple systems, leading to the ejection of the lightest member. This disintegration is a stochastic process, often resulting in the expulsion of newborn low mass stars, but when it occurs early enough the ejected stellar embryo will be a substellar object. This process may be so common at early ages that a large fraction of the ubiquitous brown dwarfs could have formed in this manner. Detailed gas dynamical simulations are required in order to better understand the details of the decay of small newborn multiple systems. We discuss the observational consequences of the ejection hypothesis, noting especially the importance of binaries with brown dwarf components as an observational test. Finally, we note that brown dwarfs that have recently been ejected may be so disturbed, by infall from the collapsing core and also by heavy accretion from perturbed circumstellar disks, that traditional spectral and luminosity criteria may fail to identify their substellar nature.

GERMANIUM--2001 32.1 GERMANIUM By Robert D. Brown, Jr. Domestic survey data and table were prepared. In 2001, the domestic germanium industry consisted of two zinc mining operations in Alaska and Tennessee of germanium was estimated to have remained about the same in 2001. The USGS estimated domestic germanium

, Los Angeles Proposal Writing Guide 1 In he University of California, Los Angeles George E. Brown, Jr that would have occurred for any specified base-level acceleration time history (assuming the properties the completion of testing. Wireless field data acquisition system that efficiently transmits data in wireless

Big Brown lignite was liquefied in a fixed bed tube reactor. Three solvents were used in the liquefaction studies, toluene, cyclohexane and methanol. Two co-solvents, tetralin and water were used with toluene. The effects of the solvents and co...

135 Computer Science The George R. Brown School of Engineering Chair Moshe Y. Vardi Professors Science Computer science is concerned with the study of computers and computing, focusing on algorithms. Computer science is the intellectual discipline underlying information technology, which is widely accepted

141 Computer Science The George R. Brown School of Engineering Degrees Offered: BA, BSCS, MCS, MS, and PhD Computer science is concerned with the study of computers and computing, focusingonalgorithmsTour #12;142 DEPARTMENTS/ Computer Science body of knowledge can be used to produce solutions to real

Computer Science The George R. Brown School of Engineering Chair Joe D. Warren Professors Robert S researCh Professor Peter Druschel #12;2 Departments/ Computer Science Six courses for a total of 18 hours Degrees Offered: BA, BSCS, MCS, MS, and PhD Computer science is concerned with the study of computers

1 Computer Science The George R. Brown School of Engineering Chair Joe Warren Professors Robert S #12;2 Departments/ Computer Science Six courses for a total of 18 hours, required for all majors, MS, and PhD Computer science is concerned with the study of computers and computing

with outages that reduce the avail- able power or with surges in workload. BrownMap uses automatic VM resizing. 1 Introduction The inevitability of power outages in a power grid due to the complex nature of the grid is slowly being realized [2]. Overloads on the electrical system or natural calamities like storms

Software Reuse in High Performance Computing Shirley Browne University of Tennessee 107 Ayres Hall high performance computing architectures in the form of distributed memory mul­ tiprocessors have and cost of programming applications to run on these machines. Economical use of high performance computing

Software Reuse in High Performance Computing Shirley Browne University of Tennessee 107 Ayres Hall high performance computing architectures in the form of distributed memorymul- tiprocessors have become of programming applications to run on these machines. Economical use of high performance computing and subsequent

GERMANIUM--1997 32.1 GERMANIUM By Robert D. Brown, Jr. Germaniumisagrayish production, which amounted to slightly less than one-third of the world refinery production in 1997 in 1997. The USGS estimated domestic germanium reserves at 450,000 kilograms (kg), equivalent to 16 years

INDIUM--1997 37.1 INDIUM By Robert D. Brown, Jr. There was no known production of indium at domestic mines, and none was recovered from ores in the United States in 1997. Domestic indium production and Rhode Island, were the major producers of indium metal and indium products in 1997. Several smaller

Biosolids and Plants Sally Brown, Ph.D, Associate Professor University of Washington Over the years one of the primary concerns with the safety of land application of biosolids has been how the biosolids will affect plants grown on biosolids amended soils. These concerns are about both the health

Biosolids and Bioaerosols Sally Brown, Ph.D, Associate Professor University of Washington for people to get sick when they either work with Class B biosolids or live near a site where they are being applied. Class B biosolids have been treated to kill 99% of the fecal coliform bacteria and 10

SHORT COMMUNICATION Behaviour of brown bears killing wild ungulates in the Cantabrian Mountains documentation regarding bear predation on wild ungulates in Southern Europe. We describe search, detection wild boar by a female bear with cubs surprised by a sudden encounter. They did not eat the boar after

AA Dor is an eclipsing, close, post common-envelope binary consisting of a sdOB primary star and an unseen secondary with an extraordinary small mass - formally a brown dwarf. The brown dwarf may have been a former planet which survived a common envelope phase and has even gained mass. A recent determination of the components' masses from results of NLTE spectral analysis and subsequent comparison to evolutionary tracks shows a discrepancy to masses derived from radial-velocity and the eclipse curves. Phase-resolved high-resolution and high-SN spectroscopy was carried out in order to investigate on this problem. We present results of a NLTE spectral analysis of the primary, an analysis of its orbital parameters, and discuss possible evolutionary scenarios.

-Value Attack and Defense Effectiveness Model MX Missile X NASA National Aeronautics and Space Agency OPUS Optimal Preferential Utilities and Strategies Program OR Operations Research O&S Operations and Support PBV Post Boost Vehicle P.E. Professional... under decentralized management and strong local autonomy. In addition to its main facilities in Huntsville's Cummings Research Park, Teledyne Brown Engineering has branch operations at the Huntsville-Madison County Airport and in California, Colorado...

A Report by RANDALL JOE GANNAWAY Submitted to the College of Engineering Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree DOCTOR OF ENGINEERING December 1977 Major Subjects Industrial Engineering A Report... e of Engineering) W. Smith (Member) December 1977 A Report on an Engineering Internship at Brown & Root, Incorporated. (December 1977) Randall Joe Gannaway, B.S., Texas A&M University; M.E., Texas A&M University Co-Chairmen of Advisory...

marks an important contribution to the revival of interest in a writer whose work, while long admired, had been largely relegated by the academy to the category of literary curiosity (according to the editors of Sir Thomas Browne: The World Proposed... unto me at nights till she read them all out” (in Keynes (ed.), Miscellaneous Writings (1931), 295–96). Recent work on book and reading history has made such documents far more interesting than they were once considered, and this (rather dauntingly...

We report the results of observations designed to investigate the spectroscopic signatures of dust clouds on the L2 brown dwarf Kelu-1. Time resolved medium resolution spectra show no significant evidence of variability in the dust sensitive TiO, CrH and FeH bandheads on the timescale of 1--24 hours. We do however report periodic variability in the psuedo-equivelent width of H-alpha consistent with the 1.8 hour rotation period previously reported for this object Clarke, Tinney & Tolley (2002). Near-contemporaneous I-band photometry shows evidence for non-periodic variability at the level of 2%.

. Of these, fresh apple, brown sugar, wet dehydrated potato, and wet powdered milk were most preferred. Seven types of materials were tested for preference by the roach as resting surface sites. In descending order of preference, these were concrete... cockroach had not been reported before 1940 (Gould and Deay 1940a). This study was very scanty in that only a small number of roaches were used. Thus the need existed for an extensive investigation of the:life history of this species. A number of food...

environment in the stomach for worms. Overcrowding and overgrazing pasture lead to poor nutrition of cattle and to poor sanita- tion. Excess manure and worm larvae contami- nate the pasture. Rain is needed to wash the larvae from the manure onto pasture where.... eggs passed in their manure become a con- tinual source of pasture contamination during the spring if weekly rains occur to wash the larvae from manure. To ensure cattle maintain noneconomic, low levels of brown stomach worms, feed a protein supplement...

Formation of brown carbon via reactions of ammonia with secondary organic aerosols from biogenic t aerosols change color from white to brown in pres- ence of ammonia. occurs for a wide range of biogenic and anthropogenic aerosols.

hal-00080649,version2-30Nov2006 Theory for a Hanbury Brown Twiss experiment with a ballistically there is no interaction between the particles. This fact was clearly demonstrated in the celebrated Hanbury Brown Twiss

energy" (produced via carbon-intensive means) relative to renewable or "green" energy. This paper their brown energy consumption and lever- age green energy, while respecting their SLAs and minimizing energy-intensive energy as "brown" energy, in contrast with "green" or renewable energy.) We argue that placing caps

Pollution-induced behavioural effects in the brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) Ross D. Breckels on biodiversity. Thus, it is important to understand the nature of pollution- induced change in aquatic ecosystems. We show that brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) may have evolved in response to chronic pollution

PPl 15 is the first object to have been confirmed as a brown dwarf by the lithium test (in 1995), though its inferred mass was very close to the substellar limit. It is a member of the Pleiades open cluster. Its position in a cluster color-magnitude diagram suggested that it might be binary, and preliminary indications that it is a double-lined spectroscopic binary were reported by us in 1997. Here we report on the results of a consecutive week of Keck HIRES observations of this system, which yield its orbit. It has a period of about 5.8 days, and an eccentricity of 0.4+/-0.05. The rotation of the stars is slow for this class of objects. Because the system luminosity is divided between 2 objects with a mass ratio of 0.85, this renders each of them an incontrovertible brown dwarf, with masses between 60-70 jupiters. We show that component B is a little redder than A by studying their wavelength-dependent line ratios, and that this variation is compatible with the mass ratio. We confirm that the system has lithium, but cannot support the original conclusion that it is depleted (which would be surprising, given the new masses). This is a system of very close objects which, if they had combined, would have produced a low mass star. We discuss the implications of this discovery for the theories of binary formation and formation of very low mass objects.

PPl 15 is the first object to have been confirmed as a brown dwarf by the lithium test (in 1995), though its inferred mass was very close to the substellar limit. It is a member of the Pleiades open cluster. Its position in a cluster color-magnitude diagram suggested that it might be binary, and preliminary indications that it is a double-lined spectroscopic binary were reported by us in 1997. Here we report on the results of a consecutive week of Keck HIRES observations of this system, which yield its orbit. It has a period of about 5.8 days, and an eccentricity of 0.4+/-0.05. The rotation of the stars is slow for this class of objects. Because the system luminosity is divided between 2 objects with a mass ratio of 0.85, this renders each of them an incontrovertible brown dwarf, with masses between 60-70 jupiters. We show that component B is a little redder than A by studying their wavelength-dependent line ratios, and that this variation is compatible with the mass ratio. We confirm that the system has lith...

PHYSICAL REVIEW B 89, 045137 (2014) Hanbury Brown and Twiss correlations of Cooper pairs in helical; published 29 January 2014) We propose a Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) experiment of Cooper pairs on the edge a Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) experiment of Cooper pairs on the edge channels of quantum spin Hall

The effect of the oxidized surface of brown coal on the structural and rheological properties of water-coal slurries was found. The kinetics of structure formation processes in water-coal slurries based on as-received and oxidized brown coal was studied. The effect of lignosulfonate and alkali additives on the samples of brown coal was considered.

(abridged) We report the discovery of a very cool brown dwarf, ULAS J003402.77-005206.7 (ULAS J0034-00), identified in UKIDSS DR1. We provide optical, near-infrared, and mid-infrared photometry of the source, and two near-infrared spectra. Comparing the spectral energy distribution of ULAS J0034-00 to that of the T8 brown dwarf 2MASS J0415-09, the latest-type and coolest well-studied brown dwarf to date, with Teff~750 K, we find evidence that ULAS J0034-00 is significantly cooler. First, the measured values of the near-infrared absorption spectral indices imply a later classification, of T8.5. Second, the H-[4.49] colour provides an empirical estimate of the temperature of 540

We have detected a strong periodicity of 1.80+/-0.05 hours in photometric observations of the brown dwarf Kelu-1. The peak-to-peak amplitude of the variation is ~1.1% (11.9+/-0.8 mmag) in a 41nm wide filter centred on 857nm and including the dust/temperature sensitive TiO & CrH bands. We have identified two plausible causes of variability: surface features rotating into- and out-of-view and so modulating the light curve at the rotation period; or, elliposidal variability caused by an orbiting companion. In the first scenario, we combine the observed vsin(i) of Kelu-1 and standard model radius to determine that the axis of rotation is inclined at 65+/-12 degrees to the line of sight.

Since the beginning of precise Doppler surveys, which have had stunning success in detecting extrasolar planetary companions, one surprising enigma has emerged: the relative paucity of spectroscopic binaries where the secondary mass lies in between the stellar and planetary mass regime. This gap in the mass function for close-in (a < 3 - 4 AU) companions to solar-type stars is generally referred to as the ``Brown Dwarf Desert''. Here we report the detection of a companion to HD 137510 (G0IV), with a minimum mass of 26 M_Jupiter, moving in an eccentric orbit (e=0.4) with a period of 798 days and an orbital semimajor axis of 1.85 AU. The detection is based on precise differential radial velocity (RV) data obtained by the McDonald Observatory and Thueringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg planet search programs.

Since the beginning of precise Doppler surveys, which have had stunning success in detecting extrasolar planetary companions, one surprising enigma has emerged: the relative paucity of spectroscopic binaries where the secondary mass lies in between the stellar and planetary mass regime. This gap in the mass function for close-in (a < 3 - 4 AU) companions to solar-type stars is generally referred to as the ``Brown Dwarf Desert''. Here we report the detection of a companion to HD 137510 (G0IV), with a minimum mass of 26 M_Jupiter, moving in an eccentric orbit (e=0.4) with a period of 798 days and an orbital semimajor axis of 1.85 AU. The detection is based on precise differential radial velocity (RV) data obtained by the McDonald Observatory and Thueringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg planet search programs.

The analysis of meson correlations by Hanbury-Brown--Twiss interferometry is tested with a simple model of meson production by resonance decay. We derive conditions which should be satisfied in order to relate the measured momentum correlation to the classical source size. The Bose correlation effects are apparent in both the ratio of meson pairs to singles and in the ratio of like to unlike pairs. With our parameter values, we find that the single particle distribution is too distorted by the correlation to allow a straightforward analysis using pair correlation normalized by the singles rates. An analysis comparing symmetrized to unsymmetrized pairs is more robust, but nonclassical off-shell effects are important at realistic temperatures.

Performing sorbent testing for mercury control at a large scale is a very expensive endeavor and requires months of planning and careful execution. Even with good planning, there are plant limitations on what operating/design parameters can be varied/tested and when. For parameters that cannot be feasibly tested at the full scale (lower/higher gas flow, different bag material, cleaning methods, sorbents, etc.), an alternative approach is used to perform tests on a slipstream unit using flue gas from the plant. The advantage that a slipstream unit provides is the flexibility to test multiple operating and design parameters and other possible technology options without risking major disruption to the operation of the power plant. Additionally, the results generated are expected to simulate full-scale conditions closely, since the flue gas used during the tests comes directly from the plant in question. The Energy & Environmental Research Center developed and constructed a mobile baghouse that allows for cost-effective testing of impacts related to variation in operating and design parameters, as well as other possible mercury control options. Multiple sorbents, air-to-cloth ratios, bag materials, and cleaning frequencies were evaluated while flue gas was extracted from Big Brown when it fired a 70% Texas lignite-30% Powder River Basin (PRB) blend and a 100% PRB coal.

This work aims to improve the current understanding of the atmospheres of brown dwarfs, especially cold ones with spectral type T and Y, whose modeling is a current challenge. Silicate and iron clouds are believed to disappear at the photosphere at the L/T transition, but cloudless models fail to reproduce correctly the spectra of T dwarfs, advocating for the addition of more physics, e.g. other types of clouds or internal energy transport mechanisms. We use a one-dimensional (1D) radiative/convective equilibrium code ATMO to investigate this issue. This code includes both equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium chemistry and solves consistently the PT structure. Included opacity sources are H2-H2, H2-He, H2O, CO, CO2, CH4, NH3, K, Na, and TiO, VO if they are present in the atmosphere. We show that the spectra of Y dwarfs can be accurately reproduced with a cloudless model if vertical mixing and NH3 quenching are taken into account. T dwarf spectra still have some reddening in e.g. J - H compared to cloudless mode...

Trigonometric parallax determinations are presented for 28 late type dwarfs and brown dwarfs, including eight M dwarfs with spectral types between M7 and M9.5, 17 L dwarfs with spectral types between L0 and L8, and three T dwarfs. Broadband photometry at CCD wavelengths (VRIz) and/or near-IR wavelengths (JHK) are presented for these objects and for 24 additional late-type dwarfs. Supplemented with astrometry and photometry from the literature, including ten L and two T dwarfs with parallaxes established by association with bright, usually HIPPARCOS primaries, this material forms the basis for studying various color-color and color-absolute magnitude relations. The I-J color is a good predictor of absolute magnitude for late-M and L dwarfs. M_J becomes monotonically fainter with I-J color and with spectral type through late-L dwarfs, then brightens for early-T dwarfs. The combination of zJK colors alone can be used to classify late-M, early-L, and T dwarfs accurately, and to predict their absolute magnitudes, but is less effective at untangling the scatter among mid- and late-L dwarfs. The mean tangential velocity of these objects is found to be slightly less than that for dM stars in the solar neighborhood, consistent with a sample with a mean age of several Gyr. Using colors to estimate bolometric corrections, and models to estimate stellar radii, effective temperatures are derived. The latest L dwarfs are found to have T_eff ~ 1360 K.

We investigate the dynamical decay of non-hierarchical accreting triple systems and its implications on the ejection model as Brown Dwarf formation scenario. A modified chain-regularization scheme is used to integrate the equations of motion, that also allows for mass changes over time as well as for momentum transfer from the accreted gas mass onto the bodies. We integrate an ensemble of triple systems within a certain volume with different accretion rates, assuming several prescriptions of how momentum is transferred onto the bodies. We follow their evolution until the systems have decayed. We analyze the end states and decay times of these systems and determine the fraction of Brown Dwarfs formed, their escape speeds as well as the semi-major axis distribution of the formed Brown Dwarf binaries. We find that the formation probability of Brown Dwarfs depends strongly on the assumed momentum transfer which is related to the motion of the gas. Due to ongoing accretion and consequent shrinkage of the systems, the median escape velocity is increased by a factor of 2 and the binary separations are decreased by a factor of 5 compared with non-accreting systems. Furthermore, the obtained semi-major axis distribution drops off sharply to either side of the median, which is also supported by observations. We conclude that accretion and momentum transfer of accreted gas during the dynamical decay of triple systems is able to produce the observed distribution of close binary Brown Dwarfs, making the ejection model a viable option as Brown Dwarf formation scenario.

PHYSICAL REVIEW C VOLUME 49, NUMBER 1 JANUARY 1994 Hanbury-Brown --Twiss analysis in a solvable of meson correlations by Hanbury-~rown --Twiss interferometry is tested with a simple model of meson the correlation function depends on the Bose symmetry of the particles as in the Hanbury-Brown --Twiss (HBT

Operational taxonomy and (paleo-)autecology of round, brown, spiny dinoflagellate cysts from determination key taxonomy paleoecology Round brown spiny dinoflagellate cysts from high latitudes a synthesis of descriptions with remarks on the mor- phology, taxonomy, nomenclature and ecology of cysts from

DOUBLE CONSCIOUS BROTHER IN THE VEIL Toward an Intellectual Biography of Sterling A. Brown by John Edgar Tidwell Our home was graced with six children, five girls arid one boy. . . . The youngest of the family is a boy now 22 years of age. He... to that proffered in the High Schools of Washington. —Rev. Dr. Sterling Nelson Brown, My Own Life Story (37) "I kin be a good bishop, I got de looks, An' I ain't spoiled myself By readin' books. "Don't know so much 'Bout de Holy Ghost, But I likes de long...

The kinetics of glutathione 5-transferase (GST) catalysis were investigated in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and brown bullheads (Amerius nebulosus), two freshwater fish species found in a variety of polluted waterways in the eastern US. The initial rates of hepatic GST activity toward four GST substrates, including 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, ethacrynic acid, {Delta}5-androstene-17-dione, and nitrobutyl chloride, were significantly higher in brown bullheads than in largemouth bass. Hepatic GST activity toward 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene, a {mu}-class GST substrate in rodents, was not detectable in either species. Liver cytosolic GSTs were more efficient in bullheads than in bass at catalyzing 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene-reduced glutathione (CDNB-GSH) conjugation over a broad range of electrophile (CDNB) concentrations, including those representative of environmental exposure. In contrast, largemouth bass maintained higher ambient concentrations of GSH, the nucleophilic cofactor for GST-mediated conjugation, than brown bullheads. Biphasic kinetics for GST-CDNB conjugation under conditions of variable GSH concentration were apparent in Eadie-Hofstee plots of the kinetic data, suggesting the presence of at least two hepatic GST isozymes with markedly different K{sub m} values for GSH in both species. The GST-CDNB reaction rate data obtained under conditions of variable GSH were well fitted (R{sup 2} = 0.999) by the two-enzyme Michaelis-Menten equation. In addition, Western blotting experiments confirmed the presence of two different hepatic GST-like proteins in both largemouth bass and brown bullhead liver. Collectively, these findings indicate that largemouth bass and brown bullhead GSTs catalyze the conjugation of structurally diverse, class-specific GST substrates, and that brown bullheads exhibit higher initial rates of GST activity than largemouth bass. The relatively higher rates of in vitro liver GST activity at the low substrate concentrations relevant to environmental exposure is expected to protect brown bullheads from the toxic effects of sediment-associated electrophilic chemicals. The somewhat lower rates of GST activity in largemouth bass liver compared with brown bullhead liver, however, may be offset by maintenance of higher ambient hepatic GSH concentrations in largemouth bass.

NATIONAL PRESS RELEASE I PARIS I 30 AUGUST 2013 Brown algae contain phlorotannins, aromatic elucidated the key step in the production of these compounds in Ectocarpus siliculosus, a small brown alga phlorotannins from brown algae for use in industry was a complex process, and the biosynthesis pathways

niv/e 481 Main Street Hatfield, MA 01038 April 22, 1977 Diana G. Brown PO Box 187 Henderson, NV 89015 Dear Diana: Thank you for taking the time to write us about AU4. We are delighted that you have enjoyed our efforts. We had such fun...

This EIS evaluates the environmental impacts of a proposal for DOE's Western Area Power Administration to modify its Large Generator Connection Agreement for the Groton Generation Station in Brown County, South Dakota. The modification would allow Basin Electric Power Cooperative, which operates the generation station, to produce power above the current operating limit of 50 average megawatts.

Browne, CB, Research Proposal, March 2009 1 Activation of the Inflammasome in Gout Background Gout. The overall prevalence of gout in the U.S. was determined to be 41 in 1000 (1). Men are at a higher risk than women for gout, and the risk increases with age for both males and females (1). The initiation

-based earthquake early warning (EEW) system developed in California. This dissertation concerns the transitionEvaluating and Improving the ElarmS Earthquake Early Warning Algorithm By Holly Moore Brown 2012 #12;#12;1 Abstract Evaluating and Improving the ElarmS Earthquake Early Warning Algorithm by Holly

(RNS), and is based on the amount of current electric generation from renewable resources) that is generated from renewable generation resources instead of the capacity (megawatt Â­ MW) of these facilitiesSTATE OF CALIFORNIA -- NATURAL RESOURCES AGENCY EDMUND G. BROWN JR., Governor CALIFORNIA ENERGY

passage into what is surely one of the most important topics for readers of Milton. Reid Barbour and Claire Preston, eds. Sir Thomas Browne: The World Proposed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. xii + 368 pp. + 3 illus. $120.00. Review by joseph...

LBNL-6254E Energy Efficient Digital Networks Bruce Nordman, Steven Lanzisera and Richard Brown, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark

190 Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science The George R. Brown School of Engineering Chair Engineering and Materials Science 191 Work on expert systems and robotics is done in cooperation. Degree Requirements for B.A., B.S.M.E. in Mechanical Engineering or B.A., B.S.M.S. in Materials Science

Very little is known about magnetic fields of extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs. We use the energy flux scaling law presented by Christensen et al. (2009) to calculate the evolution of average magnetic fields in extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs under the assumption of fast rotation, which is probably the case for most of them. We find that massive brown dwarfs of about 70 M_Jup can have fields of a few kilo-Gauss during the first few hundred Million years. These fields can grow by a factor of two before they weaken after deuterium burning has stopped. Brown dwarfs with weak deuterium burning and extrasolar giant planets start with magnetic fields between ~100G and ~1kG at the age of a few Myr, depending on their mass. Their magnetic field weakens steadily until after 10Gyr it has shrunk by about a factor of 10. We use observed X-ray luminosities to estimate the age of the known extrasolar giant planets that are more massive than 0.3M_Jup and closer than 20pc. Taking into account the age estimate, and ass...

154 Electrical and Computer Engineering The George R. Brown School of Engineering Chair Don H Degrees Offered: B.A., B.S.E.E., M.E.E., M.S., Ph.D. The electrical and computer engineering department, the electrical and computer engineering department's objectives are to provide its undergraduate students with

160 Electrical and Computer Engineering The George R. Brown School of Engineering CHAIR Behnaam Offered: BA, BSEE, MEE, MS, PhD The electrical and computer engineering department strives to provide high that will occur during their careers · An in-depth exposure to one area of electrical and computer engineering

1 Electrical Engineering Graduate Handbook 2014-2015 Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical from the Chairman Electrical engineers continue to provide technological leadership for developments of Electrical and Computer Engineering, at the University of Virginia, is one of the eight departments

162 Electrical and Computer Engineering The George R. Brown School of Engineering CHAIR Behnaam. Wise The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) strives to provide high) and the bachelor of science in electrical engineering (BSEE).The BA degree provides a basic foundation

167 Electrical and Computer Engineering The George R. Brown School of Engineering Chair Don H.E.E., M.S., Ph.D. The electrical and computer engineering department strives to provide high quality of leadership in their chosen careers. In support of this goal, the electrical and computer engineering

166 Electrical and Computer Engineering The George R. Brown School of Engineering Chair Behnaam undergraduate degrees, the bachelor of arts (BA) and the bachelor of science in electrical engineering (BSEE). The BA degree provides a basic foundation in electrical and computer engineering that the student can

174 Electrical and Computer Engineering The George R. Brown School of Engineering Chair Behnaam, the bachelor of arts (BA) and the bachelor of science in electrical engineering (BSEE). The BA degree provides a basic foundation in electrical and computer engineering that the student can build on to construct

1 Electrical and Computer Engineering The George R. Brown School of Engineering Chair Behnaam of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) strives to provide high-quality degree programs that emphasize, the bachelor of arts (BA) and the bachelor of science in electrical engineering (BSEE). The BA degree provides

niv/e 481 Main Street Hatfield, MA 01038 April 22, 1977 Diana G. Brown PO Box 187 Henderson, NV 89015 Dear Diana: Thank you for taking the time to write us about AU4. We are delighted that you have enjoyed our efforts. We had such fun...

1 Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Development in the USA by David Duchane and Donald Brown Los of the world's store of geothermal energy. The real potential for growth in the use of geothermal energy lies-engineered geothermal reservoir in hot, crystalline rock by the application of hydraulic fracturing techniques

DYNAMIC TRACKING PHASED ARRAY DATA LINKS K. D. Brown Dr. Chris Allen NNSA-KCP University of Kansas link developed by National Nuclear Safety Administration's Kansas City Plant (NNSA-KCP) and the University of Kansas (KU) in support of NNSA's Remote Sensing Laboratory (NNSA-RSL) located at the Nevada

Towards Availability Benchmarks: A Case Study of Software RAID Systems Aaron Brown and David A neglected the areas of availability, maintainability, and evolutionary growth, areas that have recently introduce a general methodology for bench- marking the availability of computer systems. Our methodology

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND NAPOLEON HIST 462/662: Gregory Brown Wednesday 5:308:20 PM 3 Credits culmination of these epic struggles in a powerful, central government in France under Napoleon. This course & Slave Emancipation in the French Caribbean, 1787-1804 David Bell, The First Total War: Napoleon's Europe

The fundamental properties of brown dwarfs evolve with age. Models describing the evolution of luminosities and effective temperatures, among other physical parameters, can be empirically constrained using brown dwarfs of various masses in star clusters of well determined age and metallicity. We aim to carry out a spectroscopic and photometric characterization of low-mass brown dwarfs of the ~120 Myr old Pleiades open cluster. We obtained low-resolution near-infrared spectra of the J=17.4-18.8 mag candidate L-type brown dwarfs PLIZ 28 and 35, BRB 17, 21, 23, and 29, which are Pleiades members by photometry and proper motion. We also obtained spectra of the well-known J=15.4-16.1 mag late M-type cluster members PPl 1, Teide 1, and Calar 3. We find that the former six objects have early- to mid-L spectral types and confirm previously reported M-types for the other three objects. The spectra of the L0-type BRB 17 and PLIZ 28 present a triangular H-band continuum shape and remarkable VO absorption, indicating tha...

From Nash and Brown to Maynard Smith: Equilibria, Dynamics, and ESS Josef Hofbauer Institut f sophisticated models, an equilibrium satisfying the ESS conditions often remains stable in some sense. For example, in the standard dynamic model for haploids, the replicator dynamics, an ESS is asymptotically

From Nash and Brown to Maynard Smith: Equilibria, Dynamics and ESS* J. HOFBAUER Institut fÃ¼r that in more sophisticated models, an equilibrium satisfying the ESS conditions often re- mains stable in some sense. For example, in the stan- dard dynamic model for haploids, the replicator dy- namics, an ESS

. :Manuscript received September 1970. FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 69, NO. I, 1971. cies, accurate identification and white shrimps. METHODS AND MATERIALS Larvae of the brown shrimp were first suc- cessfully cultured on these figures are intended to in- dicate only relative size and position, not to show details of setation

STATE OF CALIFORNIA -- NATURAL RESOURCES AGENCY EDMUND G. BROWN JR., Governor CALIFORNIA ENERGY that must be replaced to satisfy local capacity area requirements. · A status report on the several studies, protect the environment, ensure energy reliability, enhance the state's economy, and protect public health

ENH1065 Compost Tips for the Home Gardener1 Sydney Park Brown2 1. This document is ENH1065, one. Nick T. Place, dean for UF/IFAS Extension. What Is Compost? Compost is a dark, crumbly material created. Compost is not completely decomposed (like humus); it will contain small pieces of debris that can

THE NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRUM OF THE BROWN DWARF GLIESE 229B T. R. GEBALLE Joint Astronomy Centre, 660 vapor. Water and methane are both shown to be strong absorbers in the near-infrared spectrum in reflection in the giant outer planets and, in particular, Titan. Subject headings: infrared: general

the environment, shaping the user's experience. Subjective and Objective Results A t-test showed that self report and a collection of biometric sensors. The three phases included an initial relaxation phase, a progressive muscle-nine of the 411 participants reported equal or lower levels of relaxation following the experience, with 18

- put image or video to create an HDR depiction which matches real-world luminance values as faithfully as possible. Obviously, accurate re- construction of these real-world luminances is an impossible task, since. As a result, bright image areas represent- ing features like highlights, or the sun in the sky, are largely

creates damage zones, often with a core zone of fault-rock. The petrophysical properties of these materials are typically very different from the initial rock properties, (=considerable spatial variation

- licopter brown-out occurs when downwash dis- turbs the dust and sand beneath the aircraft dur- ing takeoff of control, causing helicopter damage or destruction, as well as personnel injury or death. The likelihood

EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL BRAIN STIMULATI ON ON THE TEMPERATURE OF INTERSCAPULAR BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE IN'THE ADULT RAT A Thesis by PATRICIA HILL IARD FREEMAN Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas ARM University in partial fulfillment... of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May 1985 Major Subject: Psychology EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL BRAIN STIMULATION ON THE TEMPERATURE OF BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE IN THE ADULT RAT A Thesis by PATRICIA HILL IARD FREEMAN Approved as to style...

The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer has revealed a T8.5 brown dwarf (WISE J111838.70+312537.9) that exhibits common proper motion with a solar-neighborhood (8 pc) quadruple star system-{xi} Ursae Majoris. The angular separation is 8.'5, and the projected physical separation is Almost-Equal-To 4000 AU. The sub-solar metallicity and low chromospheric activity of {xi} UMa A argue that the system has an age of at least 2 Gyr. The infrared luminosity and color of the brown dwarf suggests the mass of this companion ranges between 14 and 38 M{sub J} for system ages of 2 and 8 Gyr, respectively.

Staff from Luminant's Big Brown Plant accepted the PRB Coal Users' Group's top honour for innovative improvements to coal-handling systems and a sterling safety record. The numbers reveal their accomplishments: an average EFOR less than 4%, an availability factor averaging 90% for a plant that burns a lignite/PRB mix, and staff who worked more than 2.6 million man-hours since March 2000 without a lost-time injury. 13 photos., 1 tab.

Employing realistic and consistent atmosphere boundary conditions, we have generated evolutionary models for brown dwarfs and very low mass stars (VLMs) for different atmospheric metallicities ([Fe/H]), with and without clouds. We find that the spread in radius at a given mass and age can be as large as {approx}10% to {approx}25%, with higher-metallicity, higher-cloud-thickness atmospheres resulting quite naturally in larger radii. For each 0.1 dex increase in [Fe/H], radii increase by {approx}1% to {approx}2.5%, depending upon the age and mass. We also find that, while for smaller masses and older ages brown dwarf radii decrease with increasing helium fraction (Y, as expected), for more massive brown dwarfs and a wide range of ages they increase with helium fraction. The increase in radius in going from Y = 0.25 to Y = 0.28 can be as large as {approx}0.025 R{sub J} ({approx}2.5%). Furthermore, we find that for VLMs an increase in atmospheric metallicity from 0.0 to 0.5 dex, increases radii by {approx}4%, and from -0.5 to 0.5 dex by {approx}10%. Therefore, we suggest that opacity due to higher metallicity might naturally account for the apparent radius anomalies in some eclipsing VLM systems. Ten to twenty-five percent variations in radius exceed errors stemming from uncertainties in the equation of state alone. This serves to emphasize that transit and eclipse measurements of brown dwarf radii constrain numerous effects collectively, importantly including the atmosphere and condensate cloud models, and not just the equation of state. At all times, one is testing a multi-parameter theory, and not a universal radius-mass relation.

We present optical and near-IR spectroscopy (600--1000 nm) of 8 faint (I$>$18) very red (R--I$>$2.2) objects discovered in a deep CCD survey of the Pleiades (Zapatero-Osorio et al. 1996). We compare them with reliable cluster members like PPl 15 and Teide 1, and with several field very late-type dwarfs (M4--M9.5), which were observed with similar instrumental configurations. Using pseudocontinuum ratios we classify the new substellar candidates in a spectal sequence defined with reference to field stars of known spectral types. We also reclassify PPl 15 and Teide 1 in a self-consistent way. The likelihood of membership for the new candidates is assesed via the study of their photospheric features, Ha emission, radial velocity, and consistency of their spectral types and I magnitudes with known cluster members. Four of the new substellar candidates are as late or later than PPl~15 (M6.5), but only one, Calar 3 (M8), clearly meets all our membership criteria. It is indeed an object very similar to the brown dwarf Teide 1. Calar 3, together with Teide 1, allows one to compare the spectroscopic characteristics of Pleiades brown dwarfs with those of old very cool dwarfs. The overall spectral properties are similar, but there are slight differences in the NaI doublet (818.3 nm, 819.5 nm), VO molecular band (740 nm), and some spectral ratios, which are probably related to lower surface gravity in the young Pleiades brown dwarfs than in field stars. Finally, we propose a way of improving future CCD-based brown dwarf surveys by using narrow-band near-IR pseudocontinuum filters.

Detailed studies have been carried out on the distribution of organic functional groups and inorganic species in as-received (ar) and acid-washed (aw) brown coals using elemental analysis, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Time-of-flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Surface concentrations of the various carbon groups, organic oxygen, and inorganic hydroxide were obtained using XPS, but oxygen from clay and quartz, if present, interfered with organic oxygen determinations for the coals. A comparison of ar and aw coals using XPS and SEM-EDX is provided in terms of inorganic and organic sulfur groups. Chloride in these coals is present mainly as acid extractable forms, but small amounts of chloride in the organic matrix were indicated by the elemental analysis of ultra low-ash coals. TOF-SIMS fragments from brown coals were indicative of polymers consisting mainly of single aromatic groups linked by hydrocarbons with carboxyl and phenol functional groups. Sulfur fragments were from inorganic sulfur, thiols, organo-sulfates, and S-N-organic species. Numerous fragments containing organically bound chloride were observed. Fragments of the inorganic species Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Ga were also observed. Environmentally undesirable species, particularly from organo-sulfur and organo-chloride groups in brown coal, are likely to emerge from processes that heat coal-water mixture. 54 refs., 3 figs., 10 tabs.

The authors document the occurrence of a long-range transport event that deposited thousands of tons of fine particulates on the District of Keewatin, central Canadian Arctic, {approximately}63 N. Air mass trajectories, clay mineral composition, soot particles, and visible organic remains point to Asian sources for the brown snow material, probably western China. Semivolatile organic pollutants detected in the brown snow included polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ({Sigma}PAH), PCB congeners, and DDT-related compounds ({Sigma}DDT), polychlorinated camphenes (PCCs), as well as the herbicide trifuluralin and insecticides methoxychlor, endosulfan, and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). {Sigma}PAH, PCB, and PCC concentrations were within the range reported in other studies of Arctic snow but {Sigma}DDT levels were 2-10 times higher than previous reports. High molecular weight PAH may have been associated with soot particles in the brown snow but evidence for Asian sources of the pesticides was not strong because of unknown source signal strengths and possible atmospheric transformations of the compounds. Fluxes of these pollutants were also determined by analyzing sediment cores from two small headwater lakes near the sampling site. The quantities of pollutants deposited in this single event may have comprised a significant fraction (>10%) of total annual input {Sigma}PAH and {Sigma}DDT, as determined from lake sedimentation records.

As the number of observed brown dwarf outflows is growing it is important to investigate how these outflows compare to the well studied jets from young stellar objects. A key point of comparison is the relationship between outflow and accretion activity and in particular the ratio between the mass outflow and accretion rates ($\\dot{M}_{out}$/$\\dot{M}_{acc}$). The brown dwarf candidate ISO-ChaI 217 was discovered by our group, as part of a spectro-astrometric study of brown dwarfs, to be driving an asymmetric outflow with the blue-shifted lobe having a position angle of $\\sim$ 20$^{\\circ}$. The aim here is to further investigate the properties of ISO-ChaI 217, the morphology and kinematics of its outflow, and to better constrain ($\\dot{M}_{out}$/$\\dot{M}_{acc}$). The outflow is spatially resolved in the $[SII]\\lambda \\lambda 6716,6731$ lines and is detected out to $\\sim$ 1\\farcs6 in the blue-shifted lobe and ~ 1" in the red-shifted lobe. The asymmetry between the two lobes is confirmed although the velocity as...

We present results from a Herschel PACS survey of 8 brown dwarfs in the IC 2391 cluster. Our aim was to determine the brown dwarf disk fraction at ages of ~40-50 Myr. None of the 8 brown dwarfs observed were detected in the PACS 70 or 160mu bands. We have determined the detection limits of our survey using the 1-sigma flux upper limits in the PACS far-infrared and the WISE mid-infrared bands. The sensitivity of our observations would only allow for the detection of debris disks with exceptionally large fractional luminosities (>1%). Considering that only the most extreme and rare debris disks have such high fractional luminosities, it can be hypothesized that Vega-like debris disks, as observed around ~30% of low-mass stars at similar ages, could exist around the targeted IC 2391 brown dwarfs. Most primordial disks similar to the ones observed for the younger 1-10 Myr brown dwarfs would be within the detection sensitivities of our survey, and could have been detected. The non-detection for all targets then su...

The genes responsible for the two most common types of human oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) have been identified. Mutations of the tyrosinase gene (chromosome 11q14-21) produce OCA1, and mutations of the P gene (chromosome 15q11.2-13) produce OCA2. Another type of OCA known as brown OCA or OCA3 is found commonly in the African and African-American population. OCA3 is characterized by light brown skin and hair with the ocular features of albinism and represents the third most frequent type of OCA. We previously identified dizygotic African-American twin boys who were discordant for OCA3. Melanocytes from the affected twin produced brown melanin and contained no detectable TRP1 protein. We have now characterized the TRP1 gene from the affected twin. The human TRP1 gene, homologous to the murine brown locus, contains 8 exons and maps to chromosome 9p23. Using PCR amplification of each exon coupled with SSCP analysis and direct DNA sequencing, we found the affected twin to homozygous for a single bp deletion in exon 6. The deletion removes a G in codon 368 leading to a premature stop at codon 384. We also identified a Tsp509 polymorphism in the 3{prime} UTR. We conclude that mutations of the TRP1 gene are responsible for brown OCA or OCA3, making this the third major OCA gene identified in humans.

We present new Spitzer IRAC [3.6], [4.5], [5.8] and [8.0] photometry of nine very late-type T dwarfs. Combining this with previously published photometry, we investigate trends with type and color that are useful for both the planning and interpretation of infrared surveys designed to discover the coldest T or Y dwarfs. Brown dwarfs with effective temperature (T{sub eff}) below 700 K emit more than half their flux at wavelengths longer than 3 {micro}m, and the ratio of the mid-infrared flux to the near-infrared flux becomes very sensitive to T{sub eff} at these low temperatures. We confirm that the color H (1.6 {micro}m) - [4.5] is a good indicator of T{sub eff} with a relatively weak dependence on metallicity and gravity. Conversely, the colors H - K (2.2 {micro}m) and [4.5] - [5.8] are sensitive to metallicity and gravity. Thus near- and mid-infrared photometry provide useful indicators of the fundamental properties of brown dwarfs, and if temperature and gravity are known, then mass and age can be reliably determined from evolutionary models. There are twelve dwarfs currently known with H - [4.5] > 3.0, and {approx} 500 < T{sub eff} K {approx}< 800, which we examine in detail. The ages of the dwarfs in the sample range from very young (0.1 - 1.0 Gyr) to relatively old (3 - 12 Gyr). The mass range is possibly as low as 5 Jupiter masses to up to 70 Jupiter masses, i.e. near the hydrogen burning limit. The metallicities also span a large range, from [m/H]= -0.3 to [m/H]= +0.2. The small number of T8 - T9 dwarfs found in the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey to date appear to be predominantly young low-mass dwarfs. Accurate mid-infrared photometry of cold brown dwarfs is essentially impossible from the ground, and extensions to the mid-infrared space missions warm-Spitzer and WISE are desirable in order to obtain the vital mid-infrared data for cold brown dwarfs, and to discover more of these rare objects.

We present new Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) photometry of 12 very late-type T dwarfs: nine have [3.6], [4.5], [5.8], and [8.0] photometry and three have [3.6] and [4.5] photometry only. Combining this with previously published photometry, we investigate trends with type and color that are useful for both the planning and interpretation of infrared surveys designed to discover the coldest T or Y dwarfs. The online appendix provides a collation of MKO-system YJHKL'M' and IRAC photometry for a sample of M, L, and T dwarfs. Brown dwarfs with effective temperature (T{sub eff}) below 700 K emit more than half their flux at wavelengths longer than 3 {mu}m, and the ratio of the mid-infrared flux to the near-infrared flux becomes very sensitive to T{sub eff} at these low temperatures. We confirm that the color H (1.6 {mu}m) - [4.5] is a good indicator of T{sub eff} with a relatively weak dependence on metallicity and gravity. Conversely, the colors H - K (2.2 {mu}m) and [4.5] - [5.8] are sensitive to metallicity and gravity. Thus, near- and mid-infrared photometry provide useful indicators of the fundamental properties of brown dwarfs, and if temperature and gravity are known, then mass and age can be reliably determined from evolutionary models. There are 12 dwarfs currently known with H- [4.5] >3.0, and 500 K {approx}< T{sub eff} {approx}<800 K, which we examine in detail. The ages of the dwarfs in the sample range from very young (0.1-1.0 Gyr) to relatively old (3-12 Gyr). The mass range is possibly as low as 5 Jupiter masses to up to 70 Jupiter masses, i.e., near the hydrogen burning limit. The metallicities also span a large range, from [m/H] = -0.3 to [m/H] = +0.3. The small number of T8-T9 dwarfs found in the UK Infrared Telescope Infrared Deep Sky Survey to date appear to be predominantly young low-mass dwarfs. Accurate mid-infrared photometry of cold brown dwarfs is essentially impossible from the ground, and extensions to the mid-infrared space missions, warm-Spitzer and Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer, are desirable in order to obtain the vital mid-infrared data for cold brown dwarfs, and to discover more of these rare objects.

nearest family, Barbour provides a richly described and impressively researched blend of mid-Stuart scientific thought and practice, as well as the period’s social history, drawing into his account those aspects of Browne that are better known from... VII & II Stuart and the installation of William of Orange and James’s daughter Mary Stuart as joint sovereigns (William reviews 29 I of Scotland and III of England and Mary II), and 13 February 1689 (both dates O.S.). But this kind of objection...

Changes in the group and individual compositions of the wax fractions of bitumen in the course of brown coal methylation were studied. With the use of IR and NMR spectroscopy and chromatography-mass spectrometry, it was found that the esters of methylated coal waxes consisted of the native esters of fatty acids and the methyl esters of these acids formed as a result of an alkylation treatment. Esterification and transesterification were predominant among the reactions of aliphatic fraction components. A positive effect of methanol alkylation on an increase in the yield of the aliphatic fractions was found.

The authors are interested in determining whether the MN technique can be developed as an in situ assay for genotoxicity in fish species; and in particular, the brown bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus). In this study, central mudminnows (Umbra limi) and brown bullheads were exposed to EMS and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) by intraperitoneal injection. The various experiments were designed to: i) compare the sensitivity of the MN and SCE assays using the mudminnow model; ii) determine whether MN are induced in the erythrocytes of the brown bullhead by exposure to genotoxic chemicals (EMS and BaP); iii) determine whether erythrocytes harvested from the erythropoietic tissues of fish (pronephros) have a greater incidence of MN than peripheral erythrocytes; iv) examine the association between the induction of MN and the induction of nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes after exposure of genotoxic agents.

We present a sample of brown dwarfs identified with the {\\it Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer} (WISE) for which we have obtained {\\it Hubble Space Telescope} ({\\it HST}) Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) near-infrared grism spectroscopy. The sample (twenty-two in total) was observed with the G141 grism covering 1.10$-$1.70 $\\mu$m, while fifteen were also observed with the G102 grism, which covers 0.90$-$1.10 $\\mu$m. The additional wavelength coverage provided by the G102 grism allows us to 1) search for spectroscopic features predicted to emerge at low effective temperatures (e.g.\\ ammonia bands) and 2) construct a smooth spectral sequence across the T/Y boundary. We find no evidence of absorption due to ammonia in the G102 spectra. Six of these brown dwarfs are new discoveries, three of which are found to have spectral types of T8 or T9. The remaining three, WISE J082507.35$+$280548.5 (Y0.5), WISE J120604.38$+$840110.6 (Y0), and WISE J235402.77$+$024015.0 (Y1) are the nineteenth, twentieth, and twenty-first spec...

We present a calculation of protostellar disk formation and evolution in which gaseous clumps (essentially, the first Larson cores formed via disk fragmentation) are ejected from the disk during the early stage of evolution. This is a universal process related to the phenomenon of ejection in multiple systems of point masses. However, it occurs in our model entirely due to the interaction of compact, gravitationally bound gaseous clumps and is free from the smoothing-length uncertainty that is characteristic of models using sink particles. Clumps that survive ejection span a mass range of 0.08-0.35 M{sub Sun }, and have ejection velocities 0.8 {+-} 0.35 km s{sup -1}, which are several times greater than the escape speed. We suggest that, upon contraction, these clumps can form substellar or low-mass stellar objects with notable disks, or even close-separation very low mass binaries. In this hybrid scenario, allowing for ejection of clumps rather than finished protostars/proto-brown-dwarfs, disk formation and the low velocity dispersion of low-mass objects are naturally explained, while it is also consistent with the observation of isolated low-mass clumps that are ejection products. We conclude that clump ejection and the formation of isolated low-mass stellar and substellar objects is a common occurrence, with important implications for understanding the initial mass function, the brown dwarf desert, and the formation of stars in all environments and epochs.

The Stellar Planet Survey is an ongoing astrometric search for giant planets and brown dwarfs around a sample of about 30 M-dwarfs. We have discovered several low-mass companions by measuring the motion of our target stars relative to their reference frames. The lowest mass discovery thus far is GJ 802b, a companion to the M5-dwarf GJ 802A. The orbital period is 3.14 +/- 0.03 y, the system mass is 0.214 +/- 0.045 Msolar, and the semi-major axis is 1.28 +/- 0.10 AU or 81 +/- 6 mas. Imaging observations indicate that GJ 802b is likely to be a brown dwarf with the astrometrically determined mass 0.058 +/- 0.021 Msolar (one sigma limits). The remaining uncertainty in the orbit is the eccentricity that is now loosely constrained. We discuss how the system age limits the mass and the prospects to further narrow the mass range when e is more precisely determined.

The Stellar Planet Survey is an ongoing astrometric search for giant planets and brown dwarfs around a sample of about 30 M-dwarfs. We have discovered several low-mass companions by measuring the motion of our target stars relative to their reference frames. The lowest mass discovery thus far is GJ 802b, a companion to the M5-dwarf GJ 802A. The orbital period is 3.14 +/- 0.03 y, the system mass is 0.214 +/- 0.045 Msolar, and the semi-major axis is 1.28 +/- 0.10 AU or 81 +/- 6 mas. Imaging observations indicate that GJ 802b is likely to be a brown dwarf with the astrometrically determined mass 0.058 +/- 0.021 Msolar (one sigma limits). The remaining uncertainty in the orbit is the eccentricity that is now loosely constrained. We discuss how the system age limits the mass and the prospects to further narrow the mass range when e is more precisely determined.

We present a precise kinematic study of very young brown dwarfs (BDs) in the ChaI cloud based on radial velocities (RVs) measured with UVES / VLT. This is compared to the kinematics of T Tauri stars (TTS) in the same field, based on both own measurements and on RVs from the literature. More UVES spectra were taken compared with a former paper (Joergens & Guenther 2001), and the reduction of the spectra was improved, while studying the literature for RVs of T Tauri stars in ChaI led to a cleaned and enlarged sample of T Tauri stars. The result is an improved empirical RV distribution of BDs as well as of TTS in ChaI. We found that nine BDs/VLMSs (M6-M8) in ChaI have a RV dispersion of 0.9 km/s measured in terms of a standard deviation. This is consistent with the dispersion measured earlier in terms of fwhm of 2.1 km/s. The studied sample of 25 TTS (G2-M5) has a dispersion of 1.3 km/s (standard deviation). The RV dispersion of the BDs is consistent within the errors with that of TTS, which is in line with the finding of no mass dependence in some theoretical models of the ejection-scenario for the formation of brown dwarfs. In contrast to current N-body simulations, we did not find a high-velocity tail for the BDs RVs. We found hints suggesting different kinematics for binaries compared to predominantly single objects in ChaI. The global RV dispersion for ChaI members (1.24 km/s) is significantly lower than for Taurus members (2.0 km/s), despite higher stellar density in ChaI showing that a fundamental increase in velocity dispersion with stellar density of the star-forming region is not established observationally. The RVs of BDs observed in ChaI are less dispersed than predicted by existing models for the ejection-scenario.

Plays as Team Plans for Coordination and Adaptation Michael Bowling, Brett Browning, Allen Chang, {mhb,brettb,mmv}@cs.cmu.edu, allenc@andrew.cmu.edu Abstract. Coordinated action for a team of robots, a complex domain with teams of robots in an adversarial setting, there is a great deal of uncertainty

Identical boson Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry as applied to relativistic heavy-ion collisions is reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the use of hadronic scattering models to interpret the physical significance of experimental results. Interferometric studies with center-of-mass energies from < 1 GeV/nucleon up to 5500 GeV/nucleon are considered.

DISTINCT PATTERNS OF NITRATE REDUCTASE ACTIVITY IN BROWN ALGAE: LIGHT AND AMMONIUM SENSITIVITY and lowest in summer. This is the first report of NR activity in any alga that is not strongly regulated the regulation of NR by light that has been observed in other algae and higher plants. Key index words: ammonium

modes: active/ready/sleep/off, and recorded features that would most likely affect energy consumption Brown, Judy Roberson, Bruce Nordman, John Busch Energy Analysis Department Environmental Energy 94720, USA May 2004 The work described in this paper was supported by the Office of Atmospheric Programs

Probing Structural Dynamics with High Spatial and Temporal Resolution Research Team: Nigel Browning of the structural dynamics that occur on the µs-ns timescale We will make use of a unique aberration-corrected dynamic TEM (DTEM), where a photoemission source will enable these time-resolved images to be obtained at

We present results of an X-ray search from bona-fide and candidate brown dwarfs in the Rho Ophiuchi cloud cores with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The selected areas are two fields near the cloud center and are observed with the ACIS-I array of a 17'x17' size and a ~100 ks exposure. Among 18 bona-fide and candidate brown dwarfs listed by the infrared spectroscopy, we find X-ray emission from 7 sources above 99.9% confidence level. Therefore ~40% of the infrared-selected brown dwarfs in this cloud emit X-rays. For the brightest 4 sources, the X-ray spectra are made and are fitted with a thin-thermal plasma model of a temperature 1-2.5 keV. The X-rays are also time variable with rapid flares from 2 of the brown dwarfs. Assuming 2 keV temperature and using the empirical relation of Av vs. NH, we estimate the X-ray luminosity or its upper limit of the other faint or non-X-ray sources. The X-ray luminosity (Lx) of the X-ray-detected sources is in the range of 0.3-90x10^28 ergs s^-1, while the luminosity ratio of X-ray to bolometric (Lx/Lbol) is 10^-3 - 10^-5, similar to those of low-mass pre-main-sequence and dMe stars. All these results suggest that the X-ray origin of brown dwarfs is the same as low-mass stars; strong magnetic activity at the stellar surface.

The laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus) is an indispensable tool in experimental medicine and drug development, having made inestimable contributions to human health. We report here the genome sequence of the Brown Norway (BN) rat strain. The sequence represents a high-quality 'draft' covering over 90 percent of the genome. The BN rat sequence is the third complete mammalian genome to be deciphered, and three-way comparisons with the human and mouse genomes resolve details of mammalian evolution. This first comprehensive analysis includes genes and proteins and their relation to human disease, repeated sequences, comparative genome-wide studies of mammalian orthologous chromosomal regions and rearrangement breakpoints, reconstruction of ancestral karyotypes and the events leading to existing species, rates of variation, and lineage-specific and lineage-independent evolutionary events such as expansion of gene families, orthology relations and protein evolution.

We present evolutionary models for cool brown dwarfs and extra-solar giant planets. The models reproduce the main trends of observed methane dwarfs in near-IR color-magnitude diagrams. We also present evolutionary models for irradiated planets, coupling for the first time irradiated atmosphere profiles and inner structures. We focus on HD 209458-like systems and show that irradiation effects can substantially affect the radius of sub-jovian mass giant planets. Irradiation effects, however, cannot alone explain the large observed radius of HD 209458b. Adopting assumptions which optimise irradiation effects and taking into account the extension of the outer atmospheric layers, we still find $\\sim$ 20% discrepancy between observed and theoretical radii. An extra source of energy seems to be required to explain the observed value of the first transit planet.

An unresolved, likely L dwarf companion to the DA white dwarf GD1400 is reported. This would be only the second such system known, discovered 17 years after the prototype L dwarf, GD165B, was determined to be a companion to a white dwarf. Photometric observations and model predicted stellar parameters of the well studied white dwarf primary indicate that GD1400B has $J-K\\ga2.0$ and $M_K=12.13$ mag. If correct, this would place GD1400B at spectral type L6, and it would be the lowest luminosity unevolved companion known to a white dwarf, and thus a definite brown dwarf. However, a low resolution Keck NIRSPEC $2.1-2.4\\mu$m spectrum may not be consistent with known L dwarfs. Uncertainties in classification remain until the binary is resolved or a trigonometric parallax is measured.

The fire protection system (FPS) sprays within any nuclear plant are not intended to mitigate radioactive releases to the environment resulting from severe core-damage accidents. However, it has been shown here that during certain postulated severe accident scenarios at the Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant, the functioning of FPS sprays could have a significant impact on the radioactive releases. Thus the effects of those sprays need to be taken into account for realistic estimation of source terms for some accident scenarios. The effects would include direct ones such as cooling of the reactor building atmosphere and scrubbing of radioactivity from it, as well as indirect effects such as an altered likelihood of hydrogen burning and flooding of various safety-related pumps in the reactor building basement. Thus some of the impacts of the sprays would be beneficial with respect to mitigating releases to the environment but some others might not be. The effects of the FPS would be very scenario dependent with a wide range of potential effects often existing for a given accident sequence. Any generalization of the specific results presented here for Browns Ferry to other nuclear plants must be done cautiously, as it appears from a preliminary investigation that the relevant physical and operational characteristics of FPS spray systems differ widely among even otherwise apparently similar plants. Likewise the standby gas treatment systems, which substantially impact the effects of the FPS, differ significantly among plants. More work for both Mark I plants and other plants, BWRs and PWRs alike, is indicated so the potential effects of FPS spray systems during severe accidents can be at least ball-parked for more realistic accident analyses.

-reaching consequences if used to control, for example, a vehicle or a nuclear power plant. It is therefore becoming.4 [Software Engineer- ing]: Program Verification Keywords roundoff error; floating-point arithmetic; fixed

with FinePrint pdfFactory trial version http://www.fineprint.com #12;2 2 Database and logic abduction method is independent on used crypto-system in analyzing protocol. Our model DLA (=database and logic abduction that there exists knowledge to lead to an attack we use the logic abduction (top-down reasoning) to describe

for culture and management on the Swedish west coast.", 1999. Training & education · Bachelor in Biology was the project manager for "Development of oyster culture on the Swedish west coast", financed by the Swedish;1995 - 1999, I had a position as a Research Librarian at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU

The primary objective of the project was to evaluate the long-term feasibility of using activated carbon injection (ACI) options to effectively reduce mercury emissions from Texas electric generation plants in which a blend of lignite and subbituminous coal is fired. Field testing of ACI options was performed on one-quarter of Unit 2 at TXU's Big Brown Steam Electric Station. Unit 2 has a design output of 600 MW and burns a blend of 70% Texas Gulf Coast lignite and 30% subbituminous Powder River Basin coal. Big Brown employs a COHPAC configuration, i.e., high air-to-cloth baghouses following cold-side electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), for particulate control. When sorbent injection is added between the ESP and the baghouse, the combined technology is referred to as TOXECON{trademark} and is patented by the Electric Power Research Institute in the United States. Key benefits of the TOXECON configuration include better mass transfer characteristics of a fabric filter compared to an ESP for mercury capture and contamination of only a small percentage of the fly ash with AC. The field testing consisted of a baseline sampling period, a parametric screening of three sorbent injection options, and a month long test with a single mercury control technology. During the baseline sampling, native mercury removal was observed to be less than 10%. Parametric testing was conducted for three sorbent injection options: injection of standard AC alone; injection of an EERC sorbent enhancement additive, SEA4, with ACI; and injection of an EERC enhanced AC. Injection rates were determined for all of the options to achieve the minimum target of 55% mercury removal as well as for higher removals approaching 90%. Some of the higher injection rates were not sustainable because of increased differential pressure across the test baghouse module. After completion of the parametric testing, a month long test was conducted using the enhanced AC at a nominal rate of 1.5 lb/Macf. During the time that enhanced AC was injected, the average mercury removal for the month long test was approximately 74% across the test baghouse module. ACI was interrupted frequently during the month long test because the test baghouse module was bypassed frequently to relieve differential pressure. The high air-to-cloth ratio of operations at this unit results in significant differential pressure, and thus there was little operating margin before encountering differential pressure limits, especially at high loads. This limited the use of sorbent injection as the added material contributes to the overall differential pressure. This finding limits sustainable injection of AC without appropriate modifications to the plant or its operations. Handling and storage issues were observed for the TOXECON ash-AC mixture. Malfunctioning equipment led to baghouse dust hopper plugging, and storage of the stagnant material at flue gas temperatures resulted in self-heating and ignition of the AC in the ash. In the hoppers that worked properly, no such problems were reported. Economics of mercury control at Big Brown were estimated for as-tested scenarios and scenarios incorporating changes to allow sustainable operation. This project was funded under the U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory project entitled 'Large-Scale Mercury Control Technology Field Testing Program--Phase II'.

We present the results of a systematic study of the shape of the pion distribution in coordinate space at freeze-out in Au+Au collisions at RHIC using two-pion Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) interferometry. Oscillations of the extracted HBT radii vs. emission angle indicate sources elongated perpendicular to the reaction plane. The results indicate that the pressure and expansion time of the collision system are not sufficient to completely quench its initial shape.

We present astrometric measurements of 11 nearby ultracool brown dwarfs of spectral types Y and late-T, based on imaging observations from a variety of space-based and ground-based telescopes. These measurements have been used to estimate relative parallaxes and proper motions via maximum likelihood fitting of geometric model curves. To compensate for the modest statistical significance ({approx}< 7) of our parallax measurements we have employed a novel Bayesian procedure for distance estimation which makes use of an a priori distribution of tangential velocities, V {sub tan}, assumed similar to that implied by previous observations of T dwarfs. Our estimated distances are therefore somewhat dependent on that assumption. Nevertheless, the results have yielded distances for five of our eight Y dwarfs and all three T dwarfs. Estimated distances in all cases are {approx}> 3 pc. In addition, we have obtained significant estimates of V {sub tan} for two of the Y dwarfs; both are <100 km s{sup -1}, consistent with membership in the thin disk population. Comparison of absolute magnitudes with model predictions as a function of color shows that the Y dwarfs are significantly redder in J - H than predicted by a cloud-free model.

The recent discovery of two Earth-mass planets in close orbits around an evolved star has raised questions as to whether substellar companions can survive encounters with their host stars. We consider whether these companions could have been stripped of significant amounts of mass during the phase when they orbited through the dense inner envelopes of the giant. We apply the criterion derived by Murray et al. for disruption of gravitationally bound objects by ram pressure to determine whether mass loss may have played a role in the histories of these and other recently discovered low-mass companions to evolved stars. We find that the brown dwarf and Jovian-mass objects circling WD 0137-349, SDSS J08205+0008, and HIP 13044 are most unlikely to have lost significant mass during the common envelope phase. However, the Earth-mass planets found around KIC 05807616 could well be the remnants of one or two Jovian-mass planets that lost extensive mass during the common envelope phase.

We describe the results of a very deep imaging survey of the Trapezium Cluster in the IJH bands, using the UKIRT high resolution camera UFTI. Approximately 32% of the 515 point sources detected are brown dwarf candidates, including several free floating objects with masses below the Deuterium burning (planetary) threshold at 0.013 solar masses, which are detectable because of their extreme youth. We have confidence that almost all the sources detected are cluster members, since foreground contamination is minimal in the 33 arcmin^2 area surveyed and the dense backdrop of OMC-1 obscures all background stars at these wavelengths. Extinction is calculated from the (J-H)colours, permitting accurate luminosity estimates and temperatures are derived from the dereddened (I-J) colours. There is some evidence for a cut-off in the luminosity function below the level corresponding to several Jupiter masses, which may represent the bottom end of the IMF. Since star formation is complete in the Trapezium this limit could have wide significance, if confirmed. However, it could well be an effect of the dispersal of the molecular cloud by the central O-type stars, a process whose timescale will vary between star formation regions.

Mid-infrared data, including Spitzer warm-IRAC [3.6] and [4.5] photometry, is critical for understanding the cold population of brown dwarfs now being found, objects which have more in common with planets than stars. As effective temperature (T{sub eff}) drops from 800K to 400K, the fraction of flux emitted beyond 3 {mu}m increases rapidly, from about 40% to > 75%. This rapid increase makes a color like H-[4.5] a very sensitive temperature indicator, and it can be combined with a gravity- and metallicity-sensitive color like H-K to constrain all three of these fundamental properties, which in turn gives us mass and age for these slowly cooling objects. Determination of mid-infrared color trends also allows better exploitation of the WISE mission by the community. We use new Spitzer Cycle 6 IRAC photometry, together with published data, to present trends of color with type for L0 to T10 dwarfs. We also use the atmospheric and evolutionary models of Saumon and Marley to investigate the masses and ages of 13 very late-type T dwarfs, which have H-[4.5] > 3.2 and T{sub eff} {approx} 500K to 750K.

We describe a unique mass determination for a microlensing event from the second phase of the Optical Gravitational Microlensing Experiment (OGLE-II). The event, sc26_2218, which is very bright (baseline magnitude I=15.10), appears to exhibit both parallax and finite source effects. The parallax effect allows us to determine the projected Einstein radius on the observer plane (approx. 3.8 AU), while the finite source effect allows us to determine the ratio of the angular source size and the angular Einstein radius. As the angular size of the star can be estimated using its color and magnitude, we can hence determine the angular Einstein radius (approx. 0.1 mas). By combining both the projected and angular Einstein radius we can determine the lens mass M = 0.050^{+0.016}_{-0.011} solar masses, independent of the source distance. The lens is therefore a brown dwarf candidate. However, the `parallax' signature is weak and so we cannot completely discount the possibility that these signatures originate from binary rotation of the source (which would prevent any estimate of the lens mass), rather than parallax. However, this can be tested by future spectroscopic observations. This event highlights the scientific returns for intense monitoring of bright microlensing events, since the parallax and finite source effects can be more easily identified due to their high signal-to-noise ratios.

Brown oculocutaneous albinism (BOCA) is an autosomal recessive disorder involving a decrease in pigment of the skin, hair and eyes as well as decreased visual acuity. Evidence from two families who have co-existent BOCA and tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism (ty-pos OCA), suggests that the two conditions are allelic. Ty-pos OCA has been mapped to chromosome 15q11-q12 and the gene has been confirmed to be the human homologue (P) of the mouse pink-eyed dilute gene (p). Seven markers known to be linked to the P gene, D15S11, D15S10, MS14, GABA3, GABA5, IR10 and pCMW-1, were used to construct haplotypes in 5 families with BOCA. The haplotype data was subjected to linkage analysis and a maximum lod score of 2.85 ({theta} 0.0) was obtained. It has been reported previously that BOCA, in an Afro-American, was due to the lack of tyrosinase-protein 1 (Trp-1) in melanocytes. Trp-1 has been excluded as the disease-causing locus in the southern African families by linkage analysis with D9S43. A lod score of -2.02 was obtained at {theta} = 0.02.

We present numerical solutions of the collapse of prestellar cores that lead to the formation and evolution of circumstellar disks. The disk evolution is then followed for up to three million years. A variety of models of different initial masses and rotation rates allow us to study disk accretion around brown dwarfs and low-mass T Tauri stars (TTSs), with central object mass M{sub *} < 0.2 M{sub sun}, as well as intermediate- and upper-mass TTSs (0.2 M{sub sun} < M{sub *} < 3.0 M{sub sun}). Our models include self-gravity and allow for nonaxisymmetric motions. In addition to the self-consistently generated gravitational torques, we introduce an effective turbulent alpha-viscosity with alpha = 0.01, which allows us particularly to model accretion in the low-mass regime where disk self-gravity is diminishing. A range of models with observationally motivated values of the initial ratio of rotational-to-gravitational energy yield a correlation between mass accretion rate M-dot and M{sub *} that is relatively steep, as observed. Additionally, our modeling reveals evidence for a bimodality in the M-dot - M{sub *} correlation, with a steeper slope at lower masses and a shallower slope at intermediate and upper masses, as also implied by observations. Furthermore, we show that the neglect of disk self-gravity leads to a much steeper M-dot - M{sub *} relation for intermediate- and upper-mass TTSs. This demonstrates that an accurate treatment of global self-gravity is essential to understanding observations of circumstellar disks.

Air pollutants have been associated with increased diabetes in humans. We hypothesized that ozone would impair glucose homeostasis by altering insulin signaling and/or endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress in young and aged rats. One, 4, 12, and 24 month old Brown Norway (BN) rats were exposed to air or ozone, 0.25 or 1.0 ppm, 6 h/day for 2 days (acute) or 2 d/week for 13 weeks (subchronic). Additionally, 4 month old rats were exposed to air or 1.0 ppm ozone, 6 h/day for 1 or 2 days (time-course). Glucose tolerance tests (GTT) were performed immediately after exposure. Serum and tissue biomarkers were analyzed 18 h after final ozone for acute and subchronic studies, and immediately after each day of exposure in the time-course study. Age-related glucose intolerance and increases in metabolic biomarkers were apparent at baseline. Acute ozone caused hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in rats of all ages. Ozone-induced glucose intolerance was reduced in rats exposed for 13 weeks. Acute, but not subchronic ozone increased ?{sub 2}-macroglobulin, adiponectin and osteopontin. Time-course analysis indicated glucose intolerance at days 1 and 2 (2 > 1), and a recovery 18 h post ozone. Leptin increased day 1 and epinephrine at all times after ozone. Ozone tended to decrease phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 in liver and adipose tissues. ER stress appeared to be the consequence of ozone induced acute metabolic impairment since transcriptional markers of ER stress increased only after 2 days of ozone. In conclusion, acute ozone exposure induces marked systemic metabolic impairments in BN rats of all ages, likely through sympathetic stimulation. - Highlights: • Air pollutants have been associated with increased diabetes in humans. • Acute ozone exposure produces profound metabolic alterations in rats. • Age influences metabolic risk factors in aging BN rats. • Acute metabolic effects are reversible and repeated exposure reduces these effects. • Ozone metabolic effects are only slightly exacerbated in geriatric rats.

. (December 1974) Donald Martin Quarberg, B. S. , University of Wisconsin--Stevens Point Chairman of Advisory Committee: Dr. David V. Aldrich During 1973 brown shrimp, Penaeus aztecus, were cultured in 0. 1 ha ponds designed to receive a constant supply... pond study in early August and the other was terminated in mid- September. Survival was under 0. 5%, growth less than 0. 6 mm/day, and production only 0. 53 and 1. 59 kg/ha. In September two ponds were each stocked with 50, two ponds with 500...

We report parallax measurements for 70 ultracool dwarfs (UCDs) including 11 late-M, 32 L, and 27 T dwarfs. In this sample, 14 M and L dwarfs exhibit low surface gravity features, 6 are close binary systems, and 2 are metal-poor subdwarfs. We combined our new measurements with 114 previously published UCD parallaxes and optical-mid-IR photometry to examine trends in spectral-type/absolute magnitude, and color-color diagrams. We report new polynomial relations between spectral type and M{sub JHK}. Including resolved L/T transition binaries in the relations, we find no reason to differentiate between a 'bright' (unresolved binary) and a 'faint' (single source) sample across the L/T boundary. Isolating early T dwarfs, we find that the brightening of T0-T4 sources is prominent in M{sub J} where there is a [1.2-1.4] mag difference. A similar yet dampened brightening of [0.3-0.5] mag happens at M{sub H} and a plateau or dimming of [-0.2 to -0.3] mag is seen in M{sub K} . Comparison with evolutionary models that vary gravity, metallicity, and cloud thickness verifies that for L into T dwarfs, decreasing cloud thickness reproduces brown dwarf near-IR color-magnitude diagrams. However we find that a near constant temperature of 1200 {+-}100 K along a narrow spectral subtype of T0-T4 is required to account for the brightening and color-magnitude diagram of the L-dwarf/T-dwarf transition. There is a significant population of both L and T dwarfs which are red or potentially 'ultra-cloudy' compared to the models, many of which are known to be young indicating a correlation between enhanced photospheric dust and youth. For the low surface gravity or young companion L dwarfs we find that 8 out of 10 are at least [0.2-1.0] mag underluminous in M{sub JH} and/or M{sub K} compared to equivalent spectral type objects. We speculate that this is a consequence of increased dust opacity and conclude that low surface gravity L dwarfs require a completely new spectral-type/absolute magnitude polynomial for analysis.

We present a new short-period brown dwarf candidate around the star TYC 1240-00945-1. This candidate was discovered in the first year of the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanets Large-area Survey (MARVELS), which is part of the third phase of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III), and we designate the brown dwarf as MARVELS-1b. MARVELS uses the technique of dispersed fixed-delay interferometery to simultaneously obtain radial velocity measurements for 60 objects per field using a single, custom-built instrument that is fiber fed from the SDSS 2.5-m telescope. From our 20 radial velocity measurements spread over a ~370 d time baseline, we derive a Keplerian orbital fit with semi-amplitude K=2.533+/-0.025 km/s, period P=5.8953+/-0.0004 d, and eccentricity consistent with circular. Independent follow-up radial velocity data confirm the orbit. Adopting a mass of 1.37+/-0.11 M_Sun for the slightly evolved F9 host star, we infer that the companion has a minimum mass of 28.0+/-1.5 M_Jup, a semimajor axis 0....

We present parallax and proper motion measurements, near-infrared spectra, and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer photometry for the low surface gravity L5{gamma} dwarf 2MASS J035523.37+113343.7 (2M0355). We use these data to evaluate photometric, spectral, and kinematic signatures of youth as 2M0355 is the reddest isolated L dwarf yet classified. We confirm its low-gravity spectral morphology and find a strong resemblance to the sharp triangular shaped H-band spectrum of the {approx}10 Myr planetary-mass object 2M1207b. We find that 2M0355 is underluminous compared to a normal field L5 dwarf in the optical and Mauna Kea Observatory J, H, and K bands and transitions to being overluminous from 3 to 12 {mu}m, indicating that enhanced photospheric dust shifts flux to longer wavelengths for young, low-gravity objects, creating a red spectral energy distribution. Investigating the near-infrared color-magnitude diagram for brown dwarfs confirms that 2M0355 is redder and underluminous compared to the known brown dwarf population, similar to the peculiarities of directly imaged exoplanets 2M1207b and HR8799bcd. We calculate UVW space velocities and find that the motion of 2M0355 is consistent with young disk objects (<2-3 Gyr) and it shows a high likelihood of membership in the AB Doradus association.

1 The tropical brown alga Lobophora variegata as a bioindicator of mining1 contamination in the New field and laboratory studies have identified the alga Lobophora variegata as a good21 candidate key contaminants, i.e. Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cr,25 Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn. Algae from clean and contaminated

Motion and equilibrium of a spheromak in a toroidal flux conserver M. R. Brown,a) D. M. Cutrer field). First, a fit of the in situ magnetic data of the spheromak in the tokamak vesselto a simple of the spheromakin the dc toroidal field of the tokamak are relevant to theories of spheromak/tokamak interaction.3

We report the discovery of a highly eccentric, double-lined spectroscopic binary star system (TYC 3010-1494-1), comprising two solar-type stars that we had initially identified as a single star with a brown dwarf companion. At the moderate resolving power of the MARVELS spectrograph and the spectrographs used for subsequent radial-velocity (RV) measurements (R {approx}< 30, 000), this particular stellar binary mimics a single-lined binary with an RV signal that would be induced by a brown dwarf companion (Msin i {approx} 50 M{sub Jup}) to a solar-type primary. At least three properties of this system allow it to masquerade as a single star with a very-low-mass companion: its large eccentricity (e {approx} 0.8), its relatively long period (P {approx} 238 days), and the approximately perpendicular orientation of the semi-major axis with respect to the line of sight ({omega} {approx} 189 Degree-Sign ). As a result of these properties, for {approx}95% of the orbit the two sets of stellar spectral lines are completely blended, and the RV measurements based on centroiding on the apparently single-lined spectrum is very well fit by an orbit solution indicative of a brown dwarf companion on a more circular orbit (e {approx} 0.3). Only during the {approx}5% of the orbit near periastron passage does the true, double-lined nature and large RV amplitude of {approx}15 km s{sup -1} reveal itself. The discovery of this binary system is an important lesson for RV surveys searching for substellar companions; at a given resolution and observing cadence, a survey will be susceptible to these kinds of astrophysical false positives for a range of orbital parameters. Finally, for surveys like MARVELS that lack the resolution for a useful line bisector analysis, it is imperative to monitor the peak of the cross-correlation function for suspicious changes in width or shape, so that such false positives can be flagged during the candidate vetting process.

Mineral clouds in substellar atmospheres play a special role as a catalyst for a variety of charge processes. If clouds are charged, the surrounding environment becomes electrically activated, and ensembles of charged grains are electrically discharging (e.g. by lightning), which significantly infuences the local chemistry creating conditions similar to those thought responsible for life in early planetary atmospheres. We note that such lightning discharges contribute also to the ionisation state of the atmosphere. We apply scaling laws for electrical discharge processes from laboratory measurements and numerical experiments to Drift-Phoenix model atmosphere results to model the discharge's propagation downwards (as lightning) and upwards (as sprites) through the atmospheric clouds. We evaluate the spatial extent and energetics of lightning discharges. The atmospheric volume affected (e.g. by increase of temperature or electron number) is larger in a brown dwarf atmosphere ($10^8 -~10^{10}$m$^3$) than in a gi...

By the C-banding technique, chromosome analysis of introgressive wheat lines derived from the tetraploid species T. timopheevii and T. militinae, with complex immunity to pathogens, was performed. It is shown that all hybrid lines possess genetic material of T. timopheevii and are stable in chromosome number (2n = 6x = 42) and composition. In the lines studied, the number of substitutions per genome varied from one to three; variation in the spectrum of chromosome substitutions was observed. Karyotypes of lines 146-155-T, SMT 30, SMT 34, SMT 37, and SMT 45, resistant to brown rust and powdery mildew, had one common chromosome substitution 6B(6G). It is suggested that the resistance to pathogens of these lines is determined by chromosome 6G of T. timopheevii.

jointly supplying the load, while regulating voltages and frequency. Upon circuit breaker closure regulates the inverter terminal voltage and the active power delivered to the AC system, and takes microturbines [1], fuel cells [2], and renewable sources such as solar and wind power [3], [4]. This list

microturbines [1], fuel cells [2], and renewable sources such as solar and wind power [3], [4]. This list. Microturbines operate at very high frequency. Grid connection therefore requires a power electronic interface

at many coastal stations are insufficient to prevent local contamination but no introduction of non principle of the Antarctic Treaty System. These measures include effective environmental impact assessments, ecosystem based management, human impacts, non-indigenous species, tourism Introduction Impacts of human

We present results of a radial velocity (RV) survey for planets and brown dwarf (BD) companions to very young BDs and (very) low-mass stars (VLMSs) in ChaI. High-resolution echelle spectra of ChaHa1-8 and 12 (M6-M8), and B34, CHXR74, Sz23 (M2.5-M5) were taken with UVES / VLT between 2000 and 2004. The achieved precision (40 to 670 m/s) is sufficient to detect Jupiter mass planets around the targets. This first RV survey of very young BDs probes multiplicity which is a key parameter for formation in an as yet unexplored domain, in terms of age, mass, and orbital separation. We find that the subsample of ten BDs and VLMSs (M150 days, which cannot be explained by rotational modulation. An alternative explanation are giant planets / BDs of at least a few Jupiter masses orbiting with periods of several months or longer. Thus, the presented RV data indicate that orbital periods of companions to very young BDs and (V)LMSs are possibly several months or longer, and that orbital separations are > 0.2 AU. This parameter range has not been covered for all targets yet, but will be probed by follow-up observations.

Large numbers of small opaque dust clouds - termed 'globulettes' by Gahm et al - have been observed in the H II regions surrounding young stellar clusters. With masses typically in the planetary (or low mass brown dwarf) regime, these objects are so numerous in some regions (e.g. the Rosette) that, if only a small fraction of them could ultimately collapse, then they would be a very significant source of free floating planets. Here we review the properties of globulettes and present a theoretical framework for their structure and evolution. We demonstrate that their interior structure is well described by a pressure confined isothermal Bonnor-Ebert sphere and that the observed mass-radius relation (mass approximately proportional to the radius squared) is a systematic consequence of a column density threshold below which components of the globulette are not identified. We also find that globulettes with this interior structure are very stable against collapse within H II regions. We follow Gahm et al in assum...

We present a statistical method for the photometric search of rare astronomical sources based on the weighted k-Nearest Neighbors method. A metric is defined in a multidimensional color-magnitude space based only on the photometric properties of template sources and the photometric uncertainties of both templates and data, without the need to define ad hoc color and magnitude cuts which could bias the search. The metric is defined as a function of two parameters, the number of neighbors k and a threshold distance D {sub th} that can be optimized for maximum selection efficiency and completeness. We apply the method to the search of L and T dwarfs in the Spitzer Extragalactic First Look Survey and the Booetes field of the Spitzer Shallow Survey, as well as to the search of substellar mass companions around nearby stars. With high level of completeness, we confirm the absence of late-T dwarfs detected in at least two bands in the First Look Survey, and only one in the Shallow Survey (previously discovered by Stern et al.). This result is in agreement with the expected statistics for late-T dwarfs. One L/early-T candidate is found in the First Look Survey, and three in the Shallow Surveys, currently undergoing follow-up spectroscopic verification. Finally, we discuss the potential for brown dwarf searches with this method in the Spitzer warm mission Exploration Science programs.

A 75-kDa melanosomal glycoprotein (gp75) is the product of a gene that maps to the b (brown) locus, a genetic locus that determines coat color in the mouse. The b locus is conserved (88% identity) between mouse and human. The mouse monoclonal antibody TA99 was used to study the biosynthesis and processing of gp75. gp75 was synthesized as a 55-kDa polypeptide, glycosylated by addition and processing of five or more Asn-linked carbohydrate chains through the cis and trans Golgi, and transported to melanosomes as a mature 75-kDa form. Synthesis and processing of gp75 was rapid (T{sub 1/2} < 30 min), and early steps in processing were required for efficient export of gp75 was quite stable in the melanosome. Studies with inhibitors of steps in oligosaccharide processing showed that alternative forms of gp75 were generated during trimming reactions by mannosidase IA/IB and that further maturation resulted in the two mature forms of gp75. The authors purpose that the kinetics of biosynthesis and processing reflect events in the biogenesis and maturation of melanosomes.

We present a study of 15 new brown dwarfs belonging to the $\\sim7$ Myr old 25 Orionis group and Orion OB1a sub-association with spectral types between M6 and M9 and estimated masses between $\\sim0.07$M$_\\odot$ and $\\sim0.01$ M$_\\odot$. By comparing them through a Bayesian method with low mass stars ($0.8\\lesssim$ M/M$_\\odot\\lesssim0.1$) from previous works in the 25 Orionis group, we found statistically significant differences in the number fraction of classical T Tauri stars, weak T Tauri stars, class II, evolved discs and purely photospheric emitters at both sides of the sub-stellar mass limit. Particularly we found a fraction of $3.9^{+2.4}_{-1.6}~\\%$ low mass stars classified as CTTS and class II or evolved discs, against a fraction of $33.3^{+10.8}_{-9.8}~\\%$ in the sub-stellar mass domain. Our results support the suggested scenario in which the dissipation of discs is less efficient for decreasing mass of the central object.

Sources, optical properties, and chemical composition of atmospheric brown carbon (BrC) aerosol are uncertain, making it challenging to estimate its contribution to radiative forcing. Furthermore, optical properties of BrC may change significantly during its atmospheric aging. We examined the effect of solar photolysis on the molecular composition, mass absorption coefficient, and fluorescence of secondary organic aerosol prepared by high-NOx photooxidation of naphthalene (NAP SOA). The aqueous solutions of NAP SOA was observed to photobleach with an effective half-time of ?15 hours (with sun in its zenith) for the loss of the near-UV (300 -400 nm) absorbance. The molecular composition of NAP SOA was significantly modified by photolysis, with the average SOA formula changing from C14.1H14.5O5.1N0.08 to C11.8H14.9O4.5N0.02 after 4 hours of irradiation. The average O/C ratio did not change significantly, however, suggesting that it is not a good metric for assessing the extent of photolysis-driven aging in NAP SOA (and in BrC in general). In contrast to NAP SOA, the photolysis of BrC material produced by aqueous reaction of limonene+O3 SOA (LIM/O3 SOA) with ammonium sulfate was much faster, but it did not result in a significant change in the molecular level composition. The characteristic absorbance of the aged LIM/O3 SOA in the 450-600 nm range decayed with an effective half-time of <0.5 hour. This result emphasizes the highly variable and dynamic nature of different types of atmospheric BrC.

A STUDY OF THE DISTRIBUTION AND CONDITION OF BROWN SHRIMP IN THE PRIMARY NURSERY AREAS OF THE GALVESTON BAY SYSTEM, TEXAS A Thesis by Jack Clark Parker Submitted to the Graduate College of the Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment... of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May 1966 Major Subject: Biological Oceanography A STUDY OF THE DISTRIBUTION AND CONDITION OF BROHN SHRIMP IN THE PRIMARY NURSERY AREAS OF THE GALVESTON BAY SYSTEM, TEXAS A Thesis Jack Clark Parker...

' cloud: Observations of unusually high cloud droplet concentrations in Saudi Arabia, David J Delene Arabia show a color change, from white during the time of low droplet number concentration, to brown by the cloud is investigated and the changes in cloud properties are documented. Conclusions The 'brown' ice

Char structure is an important factor influencing its reactivity during gasification. This study aims to investigate the changes in char structure during the gasification of brown coal. A Victorian brown coal was gasified in a fluidized-bed/fixed-bed reactor at 800{degree}C in atmospheres containing 15% H{sub 2}O, 2000 ppm O{sub 2}, or 15% H{sub 2}O and 2000 ppm O{sub 2}, respectively. Although the char gasification in 2000 ppm O{sub 2} was mainly rate-limited by the external diffusion of O{sub 2}, the char-H{sub 2}O reaction was mainly rate-limited by the chemical reactions. The structural features of char at different levels of char gasification conversion were examined with FT-Raman spectroscopy. Our results show that the chars from the gasification in the mixture of 2000 ppm O{sub 2} and 15% H{sub 2}O had almost the same features as the chars from the gasification in 15% H{sub 2}O alone when the same levels of char conversion were achieved. Both the thermal decomposition of char and the char gasification reactions could result in changes in char structure during gasification. 29 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.

settlement: In this case, the court may have to make a two- part deciswn. .... to take the vehicle to a wrecker and retain any salvage value ... For example, if a ?re causes a power outage, and as a result of ... after year (at least nothing in excess of the deductible). ..... apartment building is damaged by wind, ?re or other insured.

.W. Cook, was a good chemist and he had been associated with the Chester Beatty Research Institute in London and had been involved in the chemistry of carcinogens from coal tar and soot from which were extracted several pure crystalline compounds which when... Beatty for a further year and read a lot; got interested in certain aspects of nucleic acid chemistry; the subject was in confusion; the head of Chester Beatty said I should go to Cambridge for a while and learn some nucleic acid chemistry with Alexander...

for our safety. Municipal Biosolids The situation is similar for municipal biosolids. Although all of us contribute to the production of biosolids, the use of biosolids is generally not something we think about on a day to day basis. For biosolids, there is the combination of federal agencies (here EPA), state

in the early 1990s in the city center of Stuttgart the building Siedlungswerk provides office spaces for 135 employees on a net heated floor area without a parking garage (NGFr) of 5.589 m². The evaluation showed an annual consumption of primary energy...

,4,6]. For example if the system is prepared by field cooling, FC, whereby the sample is cooled through Tc, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024-1547 3 NEC Research Institute, 4 Independence Way the system to escape out of metastable states and explore its energy landscape. At low fields

UPS, the UPS brandmark and the color brown are trademarks that are used with permission VALUE Post / Zip Post / Zip UPS NEXT DAY AIR® Most deliveries made by 10:30 a.m. UPS GROUND Delivery in 1­5 business days (in-state deliveries usually arrive next day) UPS WORLDWIDE SAVERSM Int'l Service

Case study of the 9 April 2009 `brown' cloud: Observations and modeling of convective clouds indicated a color change in the accumulated ice. Specifically, the ice color changed from white, during concentrations observed (as well as other changes in the convective cloud properties that were documented

Apollo 15 yellow-brown glass is one of twenty-five, high Mg, primary magmas emplaced on the lunar surface in pyroclastic eruptions. Forty spherules of this glass were individually analyzed by electron microprobe and INAA for major- and trace-elements. The abundances demonstrate that this primary magma was produced by partial melting of differentiated cumulates in the lunar mantle. Models are developed to explain the possible source-regions of several Apollo 15 and Apollo 12 low-Ti mare magmas as being products of hybridization involving three ancient differentiated components of a primordial lunar magma ocean: (a) early olivine {plus minus} orthopyroxene cumulates; (b) late-stage clinopyroxene + pigeonite + ilmenite + plagioclase cumulates; and (c) late-stage inter-cumulus liquid.

WISE J104915.57-531906.1 is a L/T brown dwarf binary located 2 pc from the Sun. The pair contains the closest known brown dwarfs and is the third closest known system, stellar or sub-stellar. We report comprehensive follow-up observations of this newly uncovered system. We have determined the spectral types of both components (L8 {+-} 1, for the primary, agreeing with the discovery paper; T1.5 {+-} 2 for the secondary, which was lacking spectroscopic type determination in the discovery paper) and, for the first time, their radial velocities (V{sub rad} {approx} 23.1, 19.5 km s{sup -1}) using optical spectra obtained at the Southern African Large Telescope and other facilities located at the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO). The relative radial velocity of the two components is smaller than the range of orbital velocities for theoretically predicted masses, implying that they form a gravitationally bound system. We report resolved near-infrared JHK{sub S} photometry from the Infrared Survey Facility telescope at the SAAO which yields colors consistent with the spectroscopically derived spectral types. The available kinematic and photometric information excludes the possibility that the object belongs to any of the known nearby young moving groups or associations. Simultaneous optical polarimetry observations taken at the SAAO 1.9 m give a non-detection with an upper limit of 0.07%. For the given spectral types and absolute magnitudes, 1 Gyr theoretical models predict masses of 0.04-0.05 M{sub Sun} for the primary, and 0.03-0.05 M{sub Sun} for the secondary.

, the partner labs and our industry and university collaborators already have research strategies in biofuels venture capitalists in the region, such as John Doerr and Vinod Khosla, are making large bets in biofuels

) technique reveal the liquid responses with respect to a step- like perturbation generated by a sudden change signal is related to the step- response function of the solvent. The pulse response and the step response relevant for the birefringence signal in terms of a convolution of the tensorial polarizability response

Several recent studies on in situ steam gasification of coal suggest a possibility of extremely fast steam gasification of char from rapid pyrolysis of pulverized brown coal. The unprecedented rate of char steam gasification can be achieved by exposing nascent char, that is, after tar evolution (temperature range >600{sup o}C), but before devolatilization (<900{sup o}C), to steam in the presence of Na and/or Ca dispersed in/on the char. In this study, we conducted rapid pyrolysis experiments using ion-exchanged Loy Yang brown coal samples, that is, H-form coal with Na/Ca contents <0.001 wt %, Na-form coal with Na content = 2.8 wt % and Ca-form coal with Ca content = 3.2 wt %. These samples were pyrolyzed in an atmospheric drop-tube reactor at a temperature of 900{sup o}C, inlet steam concentration of 50 vol. %, and a particle residence times of 2.8 s. The char yields from the pyrolysis of Na-form and Ca-form coals were as low as 12 and 33% on the respective coal carbon bases, and accounted for only 18 and 53% of the char yields from the full devolatilization of the respective coals at 900{sup o}C. In addition, the pyrolysis also consumed as much as 0.7-1.1 mol of H{sub 2}O per mol of coal C. On the other hand, the nascent char from the H-form coal allowed carbon deposition from the nascent tar, resulting in a char yield as high as 115% of that from the full devolatilization. The chars from the Na-form and Ca-form coals also acted as catalysts for steam reforming of tar, which was evidenced by significant negative synergistic effects of blending of H-form coal with Na-form coal or Ca-form coal on the tar and soot yields. 57 refs., 6 figs.

We report the discovery of a candidate brown dwarf or a very low mass stellar companion (MARVELS-5b) to the star HIP 67526 from the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS). The radial velocity curve for this object contains 31 epochs spread over 2.5 years. Our Keplerian fit using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach, reveals that the companion has an orbital period of $90.2695^{+0.0188}_{-0.0187}$ days, an eccentricity of $0.4375 \\pm 0.0040$ and a semi-amplitude of $2948.14^{+16.65}_{-16.55}$ m s$^{-1}$. Using additional high-resolution spectroscopy, we find the host star has an effective temperature $T_{\\rm{eff}}=6004 \\pm 34$ K, a surface gravity $\\log g$ [cgs] $=4.55 \\pm 0.17$ and a metallicity [Fe/H] $=+0.04 \\pm 0.06$. The stellar mass and radius determined through the empirical relationship of Torres et al. (2010), yields 1.10$\\pm$0.09 $M_{\\sun}$ and 0.92$\\pm$0.19 $R_{\\sun}$. The minimum mass of MARVELS-5b is $65.0 \\pm 2.9 M_{Jup}$, indicating that it is likely to be either a...

Clouds form in atmospheres of brown dwarfs and planets. The cloud particle formation processes are similar to the dust formation process studied in circumstellar shells of AGB stars and in Supernovae. Cloud formation modelling in substellar objects requires gravitational settling and element replenishment in addition to element depletion. All processes depend on the local conditions, and a simultaneous treatment is required. We apply new material data in order to assess our cloud formation model results regarding the treatment of the formation of condensation seeds. We re-address the question of the primary nucleation species in view of new (TiO2)_N-cluster data and new SiO vapour pressure data. We apply the density functional theory using the computational chemistry package Gaussian 09 to derive updated thermodynamical data for (TiO2)_N-clusters as input for our TiO2 seed formation model. We test different nucleation treatments and their effect on the overall cloud structure by solving a system of dust momen...

We report the discovery of a substellar companion to 2MASS J02192210-3925225, a young M6 $\\gamma$ candidate member of the Tucana-Horologium association (30 - 40 Myr). This L4 $\\gamma$ companion has been discovered with seeing-limited direct imaging observations; at a 4" separation (160AU) and a modest contrast ratio, it joins the very short list of young low-mass companions amenable to study without the aid of adaptive optics, enabling its characterization with a much wider suite of instruments than is possible for companions uncovered by high-contrast imaging surveys. With a model-dependent mass of 12-15MJup, it straddles the boundary between the planet and brown dwarf mass regimes. We present near-infrared spectroscopy of this companion and compare it to various similar objects uncovered in the last few years. The J0219-3925 system falls in a sparsely populated part of the host mass versus mass ratio diagram for binaries; the dearth of known similar companions may be due to observational biases in previous ...

We report the discovery of a widely separated (258$\\farcs3\\pm0\\farcs$4) T dwarf companion to the Gl 570ABC system. This new component, Gl 570D, was initially identified from the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS). Its near-infrared spectrum shows the 1.6 and 2.2 $\\micron$ CH$_4$ absorption bands characteristic of T dwarfs, while its common proper motion with the Gl 570ABC system confirms companionship. Gl 570D (M$_J$ = 16.47$\\pm$0.07) is nearly a full magnitude dimmer than the only other known T dwarf companion, Gl 229B, and estimates of L = (2.8$\\pm$0.3)x10$^{-6}$ L$_{\\sun}$ and T$_{eff}$ = 750$\\pm$50 K make it significantly cooler and less luminous than any other known brown dwarf companion. Using evolutionary models by Burrows et al. and an adopted age of 2-10 Gyr, we derive a mass estimate of 50$\\pm$20 M$_{Jup}$ for this object.

Theory and simulations suggest that it is possible to form low-mass hydrogen-burning stars, brown dwarfs and planetary-mass objects via disc fragmentation. As disc fragmentation results in the formation of several bodies at comparable distances to the host star, their orbits are generally unstable. Here, we study the dynamical evolution of these objects. We set up the initial conditions based on the outcomes of the SPH simulations of Stamatellos & Whitworth, and for comparison we also study the evolution of systems resulting from lower-mass fragmenting discs. We refer to these two sets of simulations as set 1 and set 2. At 10 Myr, approximately half of the host stars have one companion left, and approximately 22% (set 1) to 9.8% (set 2) of the host stars are single. Systems with multiple secondaries in relatively stable configurations are common (about 30% and 44%, respectively). The majority of the companions are ejected within 1 Myr with velocities mostly below 5 km/s, with some runaway escapers with ve...

Specificity of expression of the major nuclear genes Lr to two brown rust clones in hybrids with the same maternal cytoplasm was analyzed. It was evaluated by a resistant: susceptible ratio in the F{sub 2}. Reciprocal hybrids were obtained from the cross between the progeny of homozygous susceptible plants of the cultivar Penjamo 62 and its alloplasmatic lines carrying cytoplasms of Triticum dicoccoides var. fulvovillosum, Aegilops squarrosa var. typical, Agropyron trichophorum, and isogenic lines of the cultivar Thatcher (Th) with the Lr1, Lr9, Lr15, and Lr19 genes. It was shown that the effect of the Lr1 gene in the cytoplasm of cultivar Thatcher and in eu-, and alloplasmatic forms of Penjamo 62 was less expressed than that of other Lr genes. Cytoplasm of the alloplasmatic line (dicoccoides)-Penjamo 62 was the only exception: in the F{sub 2}, hybrids with Th (Lr1) had a higher yield of resistant forms than those with Th (Lr15). In the hybrid combinations studied, expression and/or transmission of the Lr19 gene was more significant than that of other genes. This gene had no advantages over Lr15 and Lr19 only in cytoplasm of the alloplasmatic line (squarrosa)-Penjamo 62. In certain hybrid cytoplasms, the display of the Lr1, Lr15, and Lr19 genes, in contrast to Lr9, varied with the virulence of the pathogen clones. 15 refs., 5 tabs.

We present a 3-5 {mu}m LBT/MMT adaptive optics imaging study of three Upper Scorpius stars with brown dwarf (BD) companions with very low masses/mass ratios (M{sub BD} <25 M{sub Jup}; M{sub BD}/M{sub *} Almost-Equal-To 1%-2%) and wide separations (300-700 AU): GSC 06214, 1RXS 1609, and HIP 78530. We combine these new thermal IR data with existing 1-4 {mu}m and 24 {mu}m photometry to constrain the properties of the BDs and identify evidence for circumprimary/circumsecondary disks in these unusual systems. We confirm that GSC 06214B is surrounded by a disk, further showing that this disk produces a broadband IR excess due to small dust near the dust sublimation radius. An unresolved 24 {mu}m excess in the system may be explained by the contribution from this disk. 1RXS 1609B exhibits no 3-4 {mu}m excess, nor does its primary; however, the system as a whole has a modest 24 {mu}m excess, which may come from warm dust around the primary and/or BD. Neither object in the HIP 78530 system exhibits near- to mid-IR excesses. We additionally find that the 1-4 {mu}m colors of HIP 78530B match a spectral type of M3 {+-} 2, inconsistent with the M8 spectral type assigned based on its near-IR spectrum, indicating that it may be a low-mass star rather than a BD. We present new upper limits on additional low-mass companions in the system (<5 M{sub Jup} beyond 175 AU). Finally, we examine the utility of circumsecondary disks as probes of the formation histories of wide BD companions, finding that the presence of a disk may disfavor BD formation near the primary with subsequent outward scattering.

We report the discovery of a candidate brown dwarf (BD) or a very low mass stellar companion (MARVELS-5b) to the star HIP 67526 from the Multi-object Apache point observatory Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS). The radial velocity curve for this object contains 31 epochs spread over 2.5 yr. Our Keplerian fit, using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach, reveals that the companion has an orbital period of 90.2695{sup +0.0188}{sub -0.0187} days, an eccentricity of 0.4375 {+-} 0.0040, and a semi-amplitude of 2948.14{sup +16.65}{sub -16.55} m s{sup -1}. Using additional high-resolution spectroscopy, we find the host star has an effective temperature T{sub eff} = 6004 {+-} 34 K, a surface gravity log g (cgs) =4.55 {+-} 0.17, and a metallicity [Fe/H] =+0.04 {+-} 0.06. The stellar mass and radius determined through the empirical relationship of Torres et al. yields 1.10 {+-} 0.09 M{sub Sun} and 0.92 {+-} 0.19 R{sub Sun }. The minimum mass of MARVELS-5b is 65.0 {+-} 2.9M{sub Jup}, indicating that it is likely to be either a BD or a very low mass star, thus occupying a relatively sparsely populated region of the mass function of companions to solar-type stars. The distance to this system is 101 {+-} 10 pc from the astrometric measurements of Hipparcos. No stellar tertiary is detected in the high-contrast images taken by either FastCam lucky imaging or Keck adaptive optics imaging, ruling out any star with mass greater than 0.2 M{sub Sun} at a separation larger than 40 AU.

Most types of human oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) result from mutations in the gene for tyrosinase (OCA1) or the P protein (OCA2), although other types of OCA have been described but have not been mapped to specific loci. Melanocytes were cultured from an African-American with OCA, who exhibited the phenotype of Brown OCA, and his normal fraternal twin. Melanocytes cultured from the patient with OCA and the normal twin appeared brown versus black, respectively. Melanocytes from both the patient with OCA and the normal twin demonstrated equal amounts of NP-40-soluble melanin; however, melanocytes from the patient with OCA contained only 7% of the amount of insoluble melanin found from the normal twin. Tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) was not detected in the OCA melanocytes by use of various anti-TRP-1 probes. Furthermore, transcripts for TRP-1 were absent in cultured OCA melanocytes. The affected twin was homozygous for a single-bp deletion in exon 6, removing an A in codon 368 and leading to a premature stop at codon 384. Tyrosine hydroxylase activity of the OCA melanocytes was comparable to controls when assayed in cell lysates but was only 30% of controls when assayed in intact cells. We conclude that this mutation of the human TRP-1 gene affects its interaction with tyrosinase, resulting in dysregulation of tyrosinase activity, promotes the synthesis of brown versus black melanin, and is responsible for a third genetic type of OCA in humans, which we classify as {open_quotes}OCA3.{close_quotes} 69 refs., 7 figs., 3 tabs.

. Biomass is a resource capable of making a significant contribution to state petroleum reduction, renewable for renewable generation for 2010 and 2020. While biomass power comprises nearly 19 percent of the state biomass resources that can be used as a source of energy. The gross potential of these resources

A two-step method and apparatus are disclosed based on the fluidized bed principle, for the production of coke, rich gas and pyrolysis tar, with the object of executing the method in a compact apparatus arrangement, with high energy efficiency and high throughput capacity. This is accomplished by a sequence in which the fine grains removed from the drying vapor mixture are removed from the actual pyrolysis process, and a hot gas, alien to the carbonization, is used as fluidization medium in the pyrolysis reactor, and with a hot gas-high performance separator being used for the dust separation from the pyrolysis gas, with the combustion exhaust gas produced in the combustion chamber being used for the indirect heating of the fluidization medium, for the pre-heating of the gas, which is alien to the carbonization, and for the direct heating in the dryer. The dryer has a double casing in the area of the fluidized bed, and a mixing chamber is arranged directly underneath its initial flow bottom, while the pyrolysis reactor is directly connected to the combustion chamber and the pre-heater.

The amount of mass contained in low-mass objects is investigated anew. Instead of using a mass-luminosity relation to convert a luminosity function to a mass function, I predict the mass-luminosity relation from assumed mass functions and the luminosity functions of Jahreiss & Wielen (1997) and Gould et al (1997). Comparison of the resulting mass-luminosity relations with data from binary stars constrains the permissible mass functions. If the mass function is assumed to be a power law, the best fitting slope lies either side of the critical slope, -2, below which the mass in low-mass objects is divergent, depending on the luminosity function adopted. If these power-law mass functions are truncated at 0.001Msun, the contribution to the local density of stars lies between 0.016 and 0.039 Msun pc^-3, in conformity with the density measured dynamically from Hipparcos stars. If the mass function is generalized from a power law to a low-order polynomial in log(M), the mass in stars with M<0.1Msun is either negligible or strongly divergent, depending on the order of the polynomial adopted.

It is important to evaluate the potential of drug hypersensitivity as well as other adverse effects during the preclinical stage of the drug development process, but validated methods are not available yet. In the present study we examined whether it would be possible to develop a new predictive model of drug hypersensitivity using Brown Norway (BN) rats. As representative drugs with hypersensitivity potential in humans, phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), amoxicillin (AMX), and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) were orally administered to BN rats for 28 days to investigate their effects on these animals by examinations including observation of clinical signs, hematology, determination of serum IgE levels, histology, and flow cytometric analysis. Skin rashes were not observed in any animals treated with these drugs. Increases in the number of circulating inflammatory cells and serum IgE level did not necessarily occur in the animals treated with these drugs. However, histological examination revealed that germinal center hyperplasia was commonly induced in secondary lymphoid organs/tissues in the animals treated with these drugs. In cytometric analysis, changes in proportions of lymphocyte subsets were noted in the spleen of the animals treated with PHT or CBZ during the early period of administration. The results indicated that the potential of drug hypersensitivity was identified in BN rat by performing histological examination of secondary lymphoid organs/tissues. Data obtained herein suggested that drugs with hypersensitivity potential in humans gained immune reactivity in BN rat, and the germinal center hyperplasia induced by administration of these drugs may serve as a predictive biomarker for drug hypersensitivity occurrence. - Highlights: • We tested Brown Norway rats as a candidate model for predicting drug hypersensitivity. • The allergic drugs did not induce skin rash, whereas D-penicillamine did so in the rats. • Some of allergic drugs increased inflammatory cells and IgE, but the others did not. • The allergic drugs commonly induced germinal center hyperplasia in lymphoid tissues. • Some of these allergic drugs transiently increased CD4{sup +}CD25{sup +} T cells in the spleen.

tools throughout the industry. Color management systems have been developed to utilize these measurement is the essential ingredient for controlling quality. Here we review color management, ICC profiling the production process, color management (3,4) systems have been developed. The International #12;3 Color

Gonzales2 . Evaluating plant propagule spread by vehicles, and the effectiveness of vehicle wash units used to contain them. Few data exist concerning the potential spread of plant propagules by vehicles, particularly differences between vehicle types and the surfaces on which they were driven. Logically, more

We present an eccentric, short-period brown dwarf candidate orbiting the active, slightly evolved subgiant star TYC 2087-00255-1, which has effective temperature T_eff = 5903+/-42 K, surface gravity log (g) = 4.07+/-0.16 (cgs), and metallicity [Fe/H] = -0.23+/-0.07. This candidate was discovered using data from the first two years of the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanets Large-area Survey (MARVELS), which is part of the third phase of Sloan Digital Sky Survey. From our 38 radial velocity measurements spread over a two-year time baseline, we derive a Keplerian orbital fit with semi-amplitude K=3.571+/-0.041 km/s, period P=9.0090+/-0.0004 days, and eccentricity e=0.226+/-0.011. Adopting a mass of 1.16+/-0.11 Msun for the subgiant host star, we infer that the companion has a minimum mass of 40.0+/-2.5 M_Jup. Assuming an edge-on orbit, the semimajor axis is 0.090+/-0.003 AU. The host star is photometrically variable at the \\sim1% level with a period of \\sim13.16+/-0.01 days, indicating that the host sta...

]. It is therefore essential to understand the thermomechanics, i.e. the build-up of stresses from thermal] at the Fraunhofer CSP to inspect copper ribbons in PV modules. In 2010, we presented a viscoelastic material model

We describe the discovery of a likely brown dwarf (BD) companion with a minimum mass of 31.7 {+-} 2.0 M{sub Jup} to GSC 03546-01452 from the MARVELS radial velocity survey, which we designate as MARVELS-6b. For reasonable priors, our analysis gives a probability of 72% that MARVELS-6b has a mass below the hydrogen-burning limit of 0.072 M{sub Sun }, and thus it is a high-confidence BD companion. It has a moderately long orbital period of 47.8929{sup +0.0063}{sub -0.0062} days with a low eccentricity of 0.1442{sup +0.0078}{sub -0.0073}, and a semi-amplitude of 1644{sup +12}{sub -13} m s{sup -1}. Moderate resolution spectroscopy of the host star has determined the following parameters: T{sub eff} = 5598 {+-} 63, log g = 4.44 {+-} 0.17, and [Fe/H] = +0.40 {+-} 0.09. Based upon these measurements, GSC 03546-01452 has a probable mass and radius of M{sub *} = 1.11 {+-} 0.11 M{sub Sun} and R{sub *} = 1.06 {+-} 0.23 R{sub Sun} with an age consistent with less than {approx}6 Gyr at a distance of 219 {+-} 21 pc from the Sun. Although MARVELS-6b is not observed to transit, we cannot definitively rule out a transiting configuration based on our observations. There is a visual companion detected with Lucky Imaging at 7.''7 from the host star, but our analysis shows that it is not bound to this system. The minimum mass of MARVELS-6b exists at the minimum of the mass functions for both stars and planets, making this a rare object even compared to other BDs. It also exists in an underdense region in both period/eccentricity and metallicity/eccentricity space.

We present an eccentric, short-period brown dwarf candidate orbiting the active, slightly evolved subgiant star TYC 2087-00255-1, which has effective temperature T{sub eff} = 5903 {+-} 42 K, surface gravity log (g) = 4.07 {+-} 0.16 (cgs), and metallicity [Fe/H] = -0.23 {+-} 0.07. This candidate was discovered using data from the first two years of the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanets Large-area Survey, which is part of the third phase of Sloan Digital Sky Survey. From our 38 radial velocity measurements spread over a two-year time baseline, we derive a Keplerian orbital fit with semi-amplitude K = 3.571 {+-} 0.041 km s{sup -1}, period P = 9.0090 {+-} 0.0004 days, and eccentricity e = 0.226 {+-} 0.011. Adopting a mass of 1.16 {+-} 0.11 M{sub Sun} for the subgiant host star, we infer that the companion has a minimum mass of 40.0 {+-} 2.5 M{sub Jup}. Assuming an edge-on orbit, the semimajor axis is 0.090 {+-} 0.003 AU. The host star is photometrically variable at the {approx}1% level with a period of {approx}13.16 {+-} 0.01 days, indicating that the host star spin and companion orbit are not synchronized. Through adaptive optics imaging we also found a point source 643 {+-} 10 mas away from TYC 2087-00255-1, which would have a mass of 0.13 M{sub Sun} if it is physically associated with TYC 2087-00255-1 and has the same age. Future proper motion observation should be able to resolve if this tertiary object is physically associated with TYC 2087-00255-1 and make TYC 2087-00255-1 a triple body system. Core Ca II H and K line emission indicate that the host is chromospherically active, at a level that is consistent with the inferred spin period and measured v{sub rot}sin i, but unusual for a subgiant of this T{sub eff}. This activity could be explained by ongoing tidal spin-up of the host star by the companion.

in this report. #12; Acknowledgements Multiple people from different organizations contributed Baskar Vairamohan, Electric Power Research Institute Brian Fortenbery, Electric Power Research Institute Tom Geist, Electric Power Research Institute Anish Gaikwad, Electric Power Research Institute Joel

, Your leadership is needed on a matter concerning coal-fired power plants in your country, a matter Kingdom has been active in pressing the international community to take appropriate actions. We are now could still point the world onto a course that minimizes climate change. Coal clearly emerges as central

the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), under grant number UB4HP19050 West Virginia of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration to improve the health and health/Letter of Recognition for professional portfolios. Up to $1,000 in funds to support expenses (per diem, travel costs

Object Space, PMOS, garbage collection algorithm is designed to incrementally collect all garbage of garbage into small enough units so that disruption to the running system is insignificant. PMOS is able to collect the small units in arbitrary orders whilst eliminating cyclic garbage and being able to guarantee

ranked 30th out of 206 schools in research productivity in the 2012 ASEE Profiles, which compares U for oil and gas recovery, or developing a computer game that can help kids fight cancer during treatment recreation in the United States: 71 percent of parents say playing video games provides mental stimulation

the centre- board (Cohn, 1984: 31-37). In 1984, the remains of the Great Lakes centreboard schooner Lillie Parsons were examined where she lay in the Brockville Narrows on the St. Lawrence River. Built at Tonawanda, New York, in 1868, the 131-foot...

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Background: Project and program budget estimation and execution within the estimated budget are critical functions in any organization, in particular those dealing with fixed cost contracts. During planning, the functional ...

originally proposed by Veatch (1905) f' or the exposures of sandstone-bearing clays overlying the Vicksburg group and underlying the Fleming group in Catahoula Parish, Louisiana. The Fleming group was first described by Kennedy (1892) from the exposures... of variegated clays, sandy clays and sands overly'ing the Fayette sands and underlying the Quaternary clays near Fleming, Polk County~ Texas. These surface units cannot be recognised in the subsuri'ace. Ho satisfactory stratigraphic division of the Miocene...

Intensity-intensity correlations are studied for light signals stemming from the spontaneous decay of surface plasmon oscillations, generated in the Kretschmann geometry. Non-classical photon statistics and the the transition from antibunching to bunching of the electron counts have been found experimentally and analysed on a new theoretical basis.

," is defined as one in which the construction materials, lighting and operating equipment for each building RESEARCH PROJECT ATTACHMENT I: BUILDING ENERGY TECHNOLOGY MODELING ASSUMPTIONS AND RESULTS FOR SITE research and energy modeling for the project. GTI: 20543/3 Building Energy Technology Modeling Assumptions

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like nature would have done it. They need the power to effect Vertical change and the precision to do the Next Step · Understand the context of our work · Match people to jobs naturalistically · Manage people in the `living system' ____ d. My people feel safe and our folkways and rituals are honored ____ e

the most formal of markets, global finance, has become extensively informal through the deregulation there, we will follow how the initial deregulation or lack of regulation affected mortgages and subprime the informalization of the financial sector will be shown. In addition, new examples of deregulation or lack

Energy Research Program Prepared By: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Efficiency · Energy Innovations Small Grants · EnergyRelated Environmental Research · Energy Systems Authorization Number 040) conducted by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The information from this project

syndrome, which has been annihilating bat populations in the northeastern United States since 2006, when- homa, but has been particularly devastating in the Northeast. Even if the death rate decreases of affected bats died, but the death rate leapt exponentially in the next two years, as the disease wiped out

, and associated streams. HWA is an exotic invasive insect responsible for widespread mortality of Hem- lock across and eventually mortality. It appears to disperse during 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky. 13, Special Issue 6 the first instar stage via wind, humans, birds, and other animals (McClure 1990

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Implementation Group L Tehachapi Collaborative Study Group: Cost Production Study Analysis #12;M Operations Analysis of 4000MWs of Wind Generation in the Tehachapi Area O Comparison of the Effects Transmission Facilities in the Tehachapi Wind Resource Area: Second Report of the Tehachapi Collaborative

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- ids; dynamos; self-organization in turbulent systems; magnetic confinement fusion (spheromak and field of a spheromak accelerator for the purposes of tokamak refueling and current drive on the ENCORE tokamak for spheromak research. (6/87-5/89) Fellowship at Dartmouth College to study compressible MHD turbulence theory

(spheromak and field reversed configuration). (9/94- Present) External Support U. S. Department of Energy and operation of a spheromak accelerator for the purposes of tokamak refueling and current drive on the ENCORE discharges for spheromak research. (6/87-5/89) Fellowship at Dartmouth College to study compressible MHD

.A. degree in liberal arts and sciences OR applied arts and sciences General communication. Emphasis apply to the B.A. degree in Liberal Arts and Sciences. OPTION 1: General Communication Program in communication for the single subject teaching credential in English/speech with the B.A. degree in applied arts

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smelter (Platts Metals Week, 2001c). The indium is contained in the flue dust that had accumulated for more than 50 years, until the smelter's closure in 1981. Shortly after the closure, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), declared the former smelter a Superfund site, under a regulation

and productive use of energy. His presentation also will discuss the growth of solar, biomass, and wind these tools can be used to place energy policy in a wider context of economic development. Daniel M. Kammen works on technical, social, and policy aspects of domestic and international energy and environmental

by a grant from the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), under grant number UB4HP19050 West of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) to improve the health, managed and long term care, and health care service delivery to the rural elderly and was highly respected