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20 Cards in this Set

In the 1960s, humanistic psychologists considered the approach advanced by behaviorists to be excessively

mechanistic

The explanatory power of a scientific theory is most closely linked to its capacity to generate testable

predictions

Research participants are randomly assigned to different groups in an experiment in order to

reduce the likelihood of any preexisting differences between groups of participants.

To compare the pace of life in different countries, investigators measured the speed with which postal clerks completed a simple request. Which research method did this illustrate?

naturalistic observation

Surveys indicate that people are much less likely to support “welfare” than “aid to the needy.” These somewhat paradoxical survey results best illustrate the importance of

wording effects

The method of introspection was used by Edward Titchener to identify

sensory experiences

The case study is a research method in which

a single individual is studied in great depth

Psychology is currently defined as:

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Dr. Frye conducts research investigations on memory, with the intent of contributing to what is known about human memory processes.

Basic Research

In a psychological experiment, the experimental factor that is manipulated by the investigator is called the ________ variable.

independent

Commonly used in drug-evaluation studies, ________ ensures that research participants' belief in a drug's healing powers will not bias the results

the double-blind procedure

To accurately infer cause and effect, experimenters should use

random assignment

Research participants who carefully observe and report their immediate thoughts and feelings in response to different musical sounds are using the method known as

introspection

In a test of the effects of sleep deprivation on problem-solving skills, research participants are allowed to sleep either 4 or 8 hours on each of three consecutive nights. This research is an example of

an experiment

To represent graphically the correlation between two variables, researchers often construct a

scatterplot

To determine whether the strength of people's self-esteem is related to their income levels, researchers would most likely make use of

correlational research

Which of the following correlation coefficients expresses the weakest degree of relationship between two variables?

–0.12

If the correlation between the physical weight and reading ability of children is +0.85, this would indicate that