Biography Edith Kramer

Edith Kramer was born in Vienna, Austria on August 29, 1916. She is a niece of writer Theodor Kramer and actress Elisabeth Neumann-Viertel.

From 1929 to 1934 she attended the reform-pedagogical Schwarzwald school. From 1934 to 1938 she was an art student of Friedl Dicker. Among her parents' friends were many artists and psychoanalysts such as Siegfried Bernfeld, Wilhelm and Annie Reich. From them, she got inspirations for padagogy inspired by psychoanalysis.

After the Nazis gained power she fled to New York where she could establish art therapy in children homes and hospitals, and continue her painting. Later she published the book Childhood and Art Therapy, and taught about art therapy a
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