Last fall I taught a new colloquium, History 297, as part of a methods sequence required for all majors. As I’ve detailed in previous posts here and here, our department has recently expanded a single-semester methods course into a 2 course sequence, with one course that focuses on historiography and another that’s research centered. One of the reasons we’ve made this change is to allow for more time for curriculum focused on digital fluencies.

I’m still processing the “take-aways” from my efforts in curriculum development in the first round of this course, particularly in relation to digital projects. At the same time, I’m also looking ahead to next fall’s course and imagining its own thematic design. So a bit on the first here, then I’ll introduce the second…

THE COURSE

The aim of the HIST297 “History Colloquium” is to help students become familiar with different sub-fields of history, to gain skills in speaking / writing / secondary research / critical reading & analysis… and, yes, digital fluencies. Main assignments: book review, literature review essay, formal speaking presentations, along with a digital project. Class size is 12-15. Students are usually sophomores or first semester juniors.

I’ve shared a longer post on this project, noting broader questions and also some of what I saw as the strengths of the project, namely:

– Active learning: In having students exploring primary sources for a map and timeline along a secondary source they were reading on the topic, it led to a more active, not passive read of the scholarly monograph – they were literally, through their simultaneous work in primary sources, reading a secondary source by another historican critically, from the inside out, with engaged discussion.

– Student Authorship: Website design = its own kind of authorship, which itself seemed empowering for those involved. In other words, also another kind of more active learning.

– Collaboration: The digital project was very much collaborative work, which is itself a valuable experience to gain. Challenges exist here too, of course, see the original post linked above for more on this issue, and the others too.

LOOKING AHEAD: BOXERS

This coming fall, I’m introducing a new event as theme for the course: the Boxer Uprising of 1900 (also somewhat inaccurately known as the Boxer Rebellion.) This event occurred during the summer of 1900 when the Qing dynasty’s imperial army along with peasant “Boxer” troops opposed to Westerners and especially missionary presence in China besieged Beijing’s legation quarter. Making world-wide news for fifty-five days until an alliance of international troops stormed the capital city, looting as they went, this conflict has left a rich collection of primary sources for today’s student of global and local history.

It has also recently inspired Gene Luen Yang, author of the award winning graphic novel American Born Chinese, to publish a two-volume graphic novel entitled Boxers & Saints (2013). In this work of historical fiction, Yang tells the story of two lead characters who each portray a side of the struggle, Boxer and Christian. As the book’s own summary lays it out:

In two volumes, Boxers & Saints tells two parallel stories. The first is of Little Bao, a Chinese peasant boy whose village is abused and plundered by Westerners claiming the role of missionaries. Little Bao, inspired by visions of the Chinese gods, joins a violent uprising against the Western interlopers. Against all odds, their grass-roots rebellion is successful.

But in the second volume, Yang lays out the opposite side of the conflict. A girl whose village has no place for her is taken in by Christian missionaries and finds, for the first time, a home with them. As the Boxer Rebellion gains momentum, Vibiana must decide whether to abandon her Christian friends or to commit herself fully to Christianity.

A finalist for the 2013 National Book Award, this graphic novel seems a useful entry point for students who will be investigating academic studies of the Boxer Uprising as an historical event, including ones that Yang himself has cited as influential background reading for his own novel. Prominent among these studies, as it happens, is the award-winning work of my dissertation adviser, Joseph Esherick, whom I consider a leading candidate for this coming year’s scholar-interview for my students… (Sidenote: Joe, 不好意思, I’ll be in touch before long!)

So my students will start with a graphic novel, but they will be reading diverse academic studies as the focus for their literature reviews, debating different approaches, and thus becoming experts on the subject, which should also provide them with a new perspective on a work of very engaging historical fiction as well.

NEXT FALL’S DIGITAL PROJECT

Here’s where my plans get muddier.

Again, I want to have my students working with primary sources alongside the secondary sources that are the core of the colloquium.

There are rich collections of primary sources available online in English (and other languages) thanks in part to the fact that this event happened in 1900 and so many books and newspapers sit available in full-text online, freely available before copyright restrictions fall on them. There are also a fair number of photographs that can be found online in archival collections.

One disadvantage, though, is perspective: the sources my students will be using will be entirely English or European-language based (except in the rare case, my students generally do not have Chinese language capability — and certainly not classical Chinese necessary for documents from 1900.) So they’ll be working exclusively with sources from a certain perspective amid what is in many ways a colonialist conflict… On the other hand, of course, this may make for an excellent teaching point and add plenty to explore.

The more fundamental question is simply what will they be designing?

Here’s what I’m imagining for a digital creation, rough in form so far, suggestions for directions, further fine-tuning, warnings of pit-falls, etc., all welcome:

One of the main audiences for Boxers & Saints is the Young Adult (“YA”) audience. It’s a book that sits in many high school or middle school libraries. My students themselves are only a few years away from those same school libraries and classrooms. At the same time, I have a significant number of students who are also training as dual History and Education majors to return to teach in those schools. Why not embark on a digital project in which students are using their experience studying the Boxer event to create an online curricular resource of their own, openly available for K-12 students and teachers both to use?

I could see the students exploring textual and visual sources, individually having to choose one of each, then writing up their own contextualization — origins, location (again, perhaps mapping these?), authorship, any associated data, and then also composing a set of related questions for discussion to accompany those sources. They could work in groups, providing peer-feedback. Modelling and testing lesson plans? I could also have them do an analytic write-up for me, as background to those questions, as a graded assignment.

Some analytic dynamics that may come into the discussion (and perhaps, or perhaps not, the site?)

– dynamics of only having, it might seem, one side — the Western side – of the story in the dominance of Western sources?

– can one read other sides in the texts and images through missing elements, traces in the pictures? (There are some secondary readings here that may assist with this analysis, incidentally.)

– what’s the relationship between historical fiction and history as written by scholars? Graphic novels and textual scholarship?

Could this, or something related, come together as a website for students in K-12 who might be reading Yang’s graphic novel and want to learn more — and see more — of the actual history? A website with texts and images and Q’s for a class that’s reading the novel to dig into? Would it be something their teachers might find useful?

What digital elements would complement this project? Further it?

Should I be more (or less) ambitious?

Suggestions from any high school or middle school teachers or librarians? I’d love to expand the conversation…

Post-script: Meant to add these links to the original post — for more on Gene Yang’s Boxers & Saints, see his interview at The New Yorker and also Wesley Yang’s review in The New York Times. The video trailer for the work (all our works should have video trailers now, no?) can be found at First Second / Macmillan Publishing here.

Post navigation

2 Comments

I won’t won’t be able to attend today’s DSI meeting, so instead I’m going to use a comment here to reply to and discuss — basic acknowledge the amazing richness — of this teaching active you’re describing for your Fall students. I don’t know if I will have any ideas that may “improve” or shift your thinking in any way, but we’ll see what happens as I start typing.

I really like the way you’re suggesting framing your potential project as something for K-12 students. No only is that an audience that would likely use such a resource, I think it’s always important to consider the rhetorical situation of a website, and I confess I sometimes forget that making something “for everyone” is often idistinguishable from “for no one” (or, truthfully, “for me”). So I think keeping a K-12 audience in mind is really helpful.

I haven’t read Boxers and Saints, but I’ve read a couple of others and I really like his style of storytelling. I notice that it’s divided into two volumes — one for Boxers and one for Saints — so is there space within that conflict to think about the conflicts in perspective that you mention will be a result of having mostly primary sources in English? I’m kind of thinking out loudon screen here, and I worry that the formulation to follow will just reify the colonialist perspective, but is Yang’s text sufficiently non-Western to provide counterpoint to, say, the kinds of contemporaneous documents you can find in DPLA about the conflict? (Interestingly, “boxer rebellion” finds 141 items, to “boxer uprising‘s” 10.)

In other words, would it be productive — or just reductive — to think about the control of the story as something to contest, and, therefore, make a game of? Either for the students in the class or the K-12 audience? And by “game”, I don’t necessarily mean something 3D or points-based or necessarily very complicated. I’m thinking (admittedly, quite vaguely), about something with teams where the strength of a document or connection to a resource is able to be seen in the context of either team’s perspective.

I think there might be various technical or design challenges, but I think the more important question is whether game-based conflict would best teach the story and the methods, or whether aligning teams to two perspectives on history is simply too ideologically-weighted a proposition. Having suggested the idea, I’m not sure it also doesn’t trivialize the conflict — not in the sense of “how dare you make a game about something so serious”, but rather in the sense that team-based competition risks reducing historiography to a zero-sum scenario, which I suspect is not where you want your students to go.

Well, another line of thinking here: you ask at the end whether you should be more or less ambitious. Is it possible to structure the project (again, thinking of the K-12 website) with an idea of “progressive enhancement“? That’s a term from web design, but in pedagogy, I think that might mean a project aimed toward achieving a modest but reliably achievable goal with built in support and recognition for things that take it farther. So if your students want to take something further, they have an opportunity and incentive for doing so, but not (ideally) at the risk of shooting for the moon and designing an unrealistically ambitious project that never gets done. From a course design perspective, that would require both a flexible platform and some kind of evaluative framework.

There are many platforms, and I can think of several. The latter — a framework for recognizing students who put in extra effort — might be harder without some sense of “extra credit”, which is something I almost never use. I’m sure there are good ways to use extra credit, though, or other ideas altogether.

I’ll be at the meeting today, but just as a precursor to the discussion, I latched onto the K-12 audience part because that is the audience for whom my students plan their lessons/work/research too. My comment is kind of two-fold–some digital elements that came to mind that could enhance/fit in is the use of video uploading–could students either teach an actual audience and record that or present a lesson through the use of video to an audience out in the world somewhere? Maybe identify actual students and do something asynchronous, synchronous, or both? The second part of my thought is that maybe if this were approached from a project-based learning kind of standpoint, then the end goal doesn’t have to be clearly defined, but they could decide how they want to “take action” and bring their idea to a real-life audience–maybe through the methods above, or maybe through some other methods, but if it’s organized under the big ideas of the ways that this historical issue is represented in the texts/images and why, and bringing those ideas and the associated skills to a broader audience, then maybe the end result could take multiple forms.