Tuesday, April 15, 2014

Congress Recycles Higher Ed Myths

Currently, the US Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor,
and Pensions is holding a series of hearings in anticipation of the reauthorization
of the Higher Education Act. The main
underlying theme appears to be that the Democrats want to regulate the
for-profit colleges and do something about student debt, while the Republicans would
like to deregulate higher education and help the “free market” expand its
reaches into public higher education. In
a recent hearing on student debt, this polarized discourse was mediated
by a
bipartisan set of misconceptions regarding the costs of higher
education.

During his opening statement, ranking Republican member,
Lamar Alexander set the stage by arguing that since the average cost for
community college was about $3,000 and students receive over $4,000 in aid, some
of the money must be going to other things. In
fact, Alexander’s own press release entitled, "College More Affordable than Most Students Think,”
argues
that, “The average community college
student in America is receiving about $1,500 more in grants and scholarships
than it costs in tuition and fees” The
problem with Alexander’s argument is that he fails to take into account the
total cost of education (tuition, fees, room, board, books, and living
expenses), and so he can pretend that there is no reason for students to
borrow, and if they are borrowing, it is for personal pleasure.

According to Alexander, “An
Inspector General’s report from the U.S. Department of Education warns that
some students borrow excessively for personal expenses not related to their
education.” However, it is clear that
students need a place to live and they have to buy books for their classes, and
so these non-educational expenses are actually the main cause for student
debt. The US Department of Education
reports that the total annual cost of attendance for a full-time community
college student is $13,237, so if
students are receiving on average $4,500 in grant funding, they are still on
the hook for close to $9,000 per year.

Apparently, not only Alexander fails to understand the
difference between the cost of tuition and the total cost of attendance, but
also James W. Runcie , Chief Operating Officer of Federal Student Aid of the Department
of Education, does not understand why students borrow money to go to college. In response to Alexander’s question about why
students are taking out more money than they need, Runcie, (at minute 50)
simply says that this is a concern, and the department is looking into possible
cases of fraud or abuse. The underlying
message Alexander and others are circulating is college students are going into
debt because they are
borrowing money to spend on leisure items like fancy cars and clothing.

This
failure to understand the true cost of attending
college is also shaping several recent proposals to make community college freeto students in Tennessee, Mississippi, and Oregon.
All of these states are only discussing
making tuition free, but most lower- and lower-middle-income students already
have their tuition covered by state and federal grants. This means that only upper-income students
will receive the new break, and these tuition-free programs may end up cutting additional
funding to the non-wealthy students who need aid to pay for the non-tuition
aspects of the total cost of attendance.
Once again, a progressive
sounding policy turns out to be welfare for the wealthy as the non-wealthy
continue to get stuck with the bill.

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