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Groovy SQL

This section some content from this GroovySQL article, by Andrew Glover. If some of the references to JDBC don't make sense, don't worry. There is one new language construct that is used below, which is the inclusion of variables in string definitions. For example try the following:

Code Block

piEstimate = 3
println("Pi is about ${piEstimate}")
println("Pi is closer to ${22/7}")

As you can see, in a string literal, Groovy interprets anything inside ${} as a groovy expression.

The first line is a Java import. It simply tells Groovy the full name of the Sql object. The second line creates a new connection to the SQL database, and stores the connection in the variable sql.

This code is written for a jTDS connection to a MS SQL Server database. You will need to adjust all the parameters to newInstance to connect to your database, especially username and password.

Finally the third line calls the eachRow method of sql, passing in two arguments, the first being the query string, the second being a closure to print out some values.

Notice that in the closure the fields of "it" are accessed in two different ways. The first is as a simple field reference, accessing the id field of it. The second is the included Groovy expression mentioned above.

So the output from a row might look like:

Code Block

sql

sql

001 -- Lane --

Retrieving a single value from DB

If all you need is a value of one or a few columns of a single row in the DB, you could do this

Doing more complex queries

The previous examples are fairly simple, but GroovySql is just as solid when it comes to more complex data manipulation queries such as insert, update, and delete queries. For these, you wouldn't necessarily want to use closures, so Groovy's Sql object provides the execute and executeUpdate methods instead. These methods are reminiscent of the normal JDBC statement class, which has an execute and an executeUpdate method as well.

Here you see a simple insert that uses variable substitution again with the ${} syntax. This code simply inserts a new row into the people table.

The data that you want to insert is replaced with "?" in the insert statement, and then the values are passed in as an array of data items. Updates are much the same in that they utilize the executeUpdate method. Notice, too, that in Listing 8 the executeUpdate method takes a list of values that will be matched to the corresponding ? elements in the query.