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So 'wedi cynhyrchu' means 'has been produced'? You don't need any ' mae' in front of it? I've noticed on PYC that hardly anyone says 'dw i'n mynd i'r siopa', just 'mynd i'r siopa'. I think I learned Welsh too early; it's getting shorter and shorter. If I'd left it a bit longer I'd only have had to learn half of what I have done...

Yes, or simply 'produced', doesn't matter how you say it just as long as it's in that tense, .....ED. 'CYNHYRCHWYD GAN....' is quite a common way of saying 'produced by', or the word 'cael' is also used quite often, as in 'wedi caei ei gynhyrchu' or 'wedi cael ei chynhyrchu' (lit. had its production), but that's quite a showy offy way of saying what you can just use the wedi for, followed by the verb.

I could have said 'mae hi wedi cynhyrchu gan yr un.....' or 'mae hi wedi cael ei chynhyrchu gan....' which would have sounded much more formal: It has been produced by. I just wanted to say 'Produced by', so I could have either said that, or 'cynhyrchwyd gan....'.

Well, I know that 'na fe' means 'that's it', but no, I don't know what 'na' means on its own. Unless it's 'no'.
On PYC, they kept saying they were fed up with various things and using a phrase using the word 'bol' which I recognised as 'belly'. Do you know what the rest of it is/was?

Neither I nor the University of St David's know what that means... How long did it take you to get to Caerdydd from your house? Did you and Teresa go round the city as well, or just straight there & back? (and I don't count getting lost on the way!)

Pwerus=powerful. You could use the word 'cryf' for strong or powerful, like a strong song that Chi Mi'n Geamhradh is. As for 'wrthi', I understood that word to be 'at it' or 'doing it' (though not in the 'Carry On' films sense of the expression). 'Ydych chi wrthi'n ymarfer am eich arholiad piano'? Dwi wrthi'n coginio cinio. Maybe the reason it isn't on an online translator is that it could be a colloquialism, but I cannot remember where I may have picked it up from - maybe from either Radio Cymru or 'Y Cymro' newspaper.

Do you have the book 'Welcome to Welsh' by Heini Gruffudd? There's not so much as a mutations dictionary but a small list of rules. After 'mor' (as, so NOT sea!) there is a softy. Mor fawr, mor gryf, mor las a'r awyr (as blue as the sky). With Welsh you do have to use your earholes and allow them to tell you what 'sounds' good and bad, especially as there are all these pesky mutations...which as far as I am concerned do not matter. Someone once told me 'don't worry about making mistakes with mutations, you'll still be understood'. Think she was a 'Cymraeg I Oedolion' tutor. Though I see what you mean about looking Welsh words up in the dic when unknowingly to the learner a softie has taken place. Not a problem with the other two types of 'treiglad'!

Both are right and both are northern, of course if the noun is 'car' the southern equivalent would be mae car 'da fi[/i, with NO softie, whereas 'mae gynna i gar' or 'mae gen i gar' ALWAYS causes a softie. As does its usage with the 2nd and 3rd person singular/plural. Mae ganddi hi deledu lliw, mae gan Dylan lyfr.

If it's in your brothers' house .......yn nhy fy mrawd. Not yn ty or even ar ty. It's a nasal mutation but don't ask me why. I would imagine it's the same rule as 'yng Nghaerdydd - in Cardiff' sort of thing. Would be 'yng nghar fy mrawd (i)' also by the same rule. Heard it spoken and read it. With Cymraeg, you really do have to use your ears and let them be your guide quite often!