I think Argentina has several failed infant industries, a good starting point is at the section Relative Lag on the Wikipedia page. A more specific example is when they tried nationalizing the railways from the British, as seen in this article.

Therefore, a second best alternative can be introduced which
examines the rate of productivity growth of the protected industry while drawing a comparison with unprotected
industries in other countries (Bell et al., 1984). As an
alternative one can look at the changes in productivity levels
of infants during a period of protection.... The majority of the
firms presented however, show a modest productivity growth while being
under protection....A rough comparison therefore concludes that
only a part of the infant industries represented in Table
2 experience higher levels of productivity growth than their
mature peers abroad.

So, roughly speaking, the industries in this table with productivity changes below 5% can be thought of as infant industry failures and failures of industrial policy.

The nuclear fusion industry, despite more than half a century of trying through various technical fixes and subterfuges has failed to get anywhere. If it didn’t promise so much it surely would have been killed off by now.