1 Communication Capacity Requirement for Reliable and Secure State Estimation in SmartGrid Husheng, Cookeville, TN Abstract-- Secure system state estimation is an important issue in smartgrid to assure the information the- oretic perspective. The smartgrid is modeled as a linear dynamic system. Then, the channel

Integrating volatile renewable energy resources into the bulk power grid is challenging, due to the reliability requirement that at each instant the load and generation in the system remain balanced. In this study, we tackle this challenge for smartgrid with integrated wind generation, by leveraging multi-timescale dispatch and scheduling. Specifically, we consider smartgrids with two classes of energy users - traditional energy users and opportunistic energy users (e.g., smart meters or smart appliances), and investigate pricing and dispatch at two timescales, via day-ahead scheduling and realtime scheduling. In day-ahead scheduling, with the statistical information on wind generation and energy demands, we characterize the optimal procurement of the energy supply and the day-ahead retail price for the traditional energy users; in realtime scheduling, with the realization of wind generation and the load of traditional energy users, we optimize real-time prices to manage the opportunistic energy users so as...

Although implementing SmartGrid projects at the distribution level provides many advantages and opportunities for advanced operation and control, a number of significant challenges must be overcome to maintain the high level of safety and reliability that the modern grid must provide. For example, while distributed generation (DG) promises to provide opportunities to increase reliability and efficiency and may provide grid support services such as volt/var control, the presence of DG can impact distribution operation and protection schemes. Additionally, the intermittent nature of many DG energy sources such as photovoltaics (PV) can present a number of challenges to voltage regulation, etc. This presentation provides an overview a number of SmartGrid projects being performed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) along with utility, industry, and academic partners. These projects include modeling and analysis of high penetration PV scenarios (with and without energy storage), development and testing of interconnection and microgrid equipment, as well as the development and implementation of advanced instrumentation and data acquisition used to analyze the impacts of intermittent renewable resources. Additionally, standards development associated with DG interconnection and analysis as well as SmartGrid interoperability will be discussed.

The report provides an overview of what the SmartGrid is and what is being done to define and implement it. The electric industry is preparing to undergo a transition from a centralized, producer-controlled network to a decentralized, user-interactive one. Not only will the technology involved in the electric grid change, but the entire business model of the industry will change too. A major objective of the report is to identify the changes that the SmartGrid will bring about so that industry participants can be prepared to face them. A concise overview of the development of the SmartGrid is provided. It presents an understanding of what the SmartGrid is, what new business opportunities or risks might come about due to its introduction, and what activities are already taking place regarding defining or implementing the SmartGrid. This report will be of interest to the utility industry, energy service providers, aggregators, and regulators. It will also be of interest to home/building automation vendors, information technology vendors, academics, consultants, and analysts. The scope of the report includes an overview of the SmartGrid which identifies the main components of the SmartGrid, describes its characteristics, and describes how the SmartGrid differs from the current electric grid. The overview also identifies the key concepts involved in the transition to the SmartGrid and explains why a SmartGrid is needed by identifying the deficiencies of the current grid and the need for new investment. The report also looks at the impact of the SmartGrid, identifying other industries which have gone through a similar transition, identifying the overall benefits of the SmartGrid, and discussing the impact of the SmartGrid on industry participants. Furthermore, the report looks at current activities to implement the SmartGrid including utility projects, industry collaborations, and government initiatives. Finally, the report takes a look at key technology providers involved in the SmartGrid and provides profiles on them including contact information, company overviews, technology reviews, and key SmartGrid activities.

"Reliability, Resiliency, and Restoration for Smarter Grid Workshop" Save the Date April 3 and 4 at mohlsen@bnl.gov "The Resilient SmartGrid" to be held at Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, Long Island://www.bnl.gov/maps/. This is the 5th workshop that BNL is hosting on the SmartGrid. This Workshop will build on the previous

This paper presents GridMW, a scalable and reliable data middleware for smartgrids. Smartgrids promise to improve the efficiency of power grid systems and reduce green house emissions through incorporating power generation from renewable sources and shaping demand to match the supply. As a result, power grid systems will become much more dynamic and require constant adjustments, which requires analysis and decision making applications to improve the efficiency and reliability of smartgrid systems.

The initial federal funding for the Colorado State University SmartGrid Integration Laboratory is through a Congressionally Directed Project (CDP), DE-OE0000070 SmartGrid Integration Laboratory. The original program requested in three one-year increments for staff acquisition, curriculum development, and instrumentation â?? all which will benefit the Laboratory. This report focuses on the initial phase of staff acquisition which was directed and administered by DOE NETL/ West Virginia under Project Officer Tom George. Using this CDP funding, we have developed the leadership and intellectual capacity for the SGIC. This was accomplished by investing (hiring) a core team of SmartGrid Systems engineering faculty focused on education, research, and innovation of a secure and smartgrid infrastructure. The SmartGrid Integration Laboratory will be housed with the separately funded Integrid Laboratory as part of CSUâ??s overall SmartGrid Integration Center (SGIC). The period of performance of this grant was 10/1/2009 to 9/30/2011 which included one no cost extension due to time delays in faculty hiring. The SmartGrid Integration Laboratoryâ??s focus is to build foundations to help graduate and undergraduates acquire systems engineering knowledge; conduct innovative research; and team externally with gridsmart organizations. Using the results of the separately funded SmartGrid Workforce Education Workshop (May 2009) sponsored by the City of Fort Collins, Northern Colorado Clean Energy Cluster, Colorado State University Continuing Education, Spirae, and Siemens has been used to guide the hiring of faculty, program curriculum and education plan. This project develops faculty leaders with the intellectual capacity to inspire its students to become leaders that substantially contribute to the development and maintenance of SmartGrid infrastructure through topics such as: (1) Distributed energy systems modeling and control; (2) Energy and power conversion; (3) Simulation of electrical power distribution system that integrates significant quantities of renewable and distributed energy resources; (4) System dynamic modeling that considers end-user behavior, economics, security and regulatory frameworks; (5) Best practices for energy management IT control solutions for effective distributed energy integration (including security with the underlying physical power systems); (6) Experimental verification of effects of various arrangements of renewable generation, distributed generation and user load types along with conventional generation and transmission. Understanding the core technologies for enabling them to be used in an integrated fashion within a distribution network remains is a benefit to the future energy paradigm and future and present energy engineers.

A smartgrid uses digital power control and communication technology to improve the reliability, security, flexibility, and efficiency of the electric system, from large generation through the delivery systems to electricity consumers and a growing number of distributed generation and storage resources. To convey progress made in achieving the vision of a smartgrid, this report uses a set of six characteristics derived from the National Energy Technology Laboratory Modern Grid Strategy. The SmartGrid Status and Metrics Report defines and examines 21 metrics that collectively provide insight into the grids capacity to embody these characteristics. This appendix presents papers covering each of the 21 metrics identified in Section 2.1 of the SmartGrid Status and Metrics Report. These metric papers were prepared in advance of the main body of the report and collectively form its informational backbone.

The country has progressed in a relatively short time from rotary dial phones to computers, cell phones, and iPads. With proper planning and orderly policy implementation, the same will happen with the SmartGrid. Here are some suggestions on how to proceed. (author)

This brief paper describes the activities of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) SmartGrid Initiative (ASGI) which is being led by the U.S. and developed by the APEC Energy Working Group. In the paper, I describe the origin of the initiative and briefly mention the four major elements of the initiative along with existing APEC projects which support it.

The Maui SmartGrid Project (MSGP) is under the leadership of the Hawaii Natural Energy Institute (HNEI) of the University of Hawaii at Manoa. The project team includes Maui Electric Company, Ltd. (MECO), Hawaiian Electric Company, Inc. (HECO), Sentech (a division of SRA International, Inc.), Silver Spring Networks (SSN), Alstom Grid, Maui Economic Development Board (MEDB), University of Hawaii-Maui College (UHMC), and the County of Maui. MSGP was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Cooperative Agreement Number DE-FC26-08NT02871, with approximately 50% co-funding supplied by MECO. The project was designed to develop and demonstrate an integrated monitoring, communications, database, applications, and decision support solution that aggregates renewable energy (RE), other distributed generation (DG), energy storage, and demand response technologies in a distribution system to achieve both distribution and transmission-level benefits. The application of these new technologies and procedures will increase MECOs visibility into system conditions, with the expected benefits of enabling more renewable energy resources to be integrated into the grid, improving service quality, increasing overall reliability of the power system, and ultimately reducing costs to both MECO and its customers.

Grid #12;SmartGrid Research at TTU Renewable and clean energy integration into smartgrid Wind PowerSmartGrid Research At TTU Robert C. Qiu and David Gao Department of Electrical and Computer Technologies Integrated communications Fast and reliable communications for the grid Allowing the grid

Editorial Communications and Networking for SmartGrid: Technology and Practice Chi Zhou1 , Hossam for SmartGrid research and development, so the communications networks in SmartGrid must facilitate communications protocols, and provide secure and reliable communications for the smartgrid. Many open issues

The combined team of GE Global Research, Federal Express, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and Consolidated Edison has successfully achieved the established goals contained within the Department of Energys SmartGrid Capable Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment funding opportunity. The final program product, shown charging two vehicles in Figure 1, reduces by nearly 50% the total installed system cost of the electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) as well as enabling a host of new SmartGrid enabled features. These include bi-directional communications, load control, utility message exchange and transaction management information. Using the new charging system, Utilities or energy service providers will now be able to monitor transportation related electrical loads on their distribution networks, send load control commands or preferences to individual systems, and then see measured responses. Installation owners will be able to authorize usage of the stations, monitor operations, and optimally control their electricity consumption. These features and cost reductions have been developed through a total system design solution.

- 1 - Networks, smartgrids: new model for synchronization May 21, 2013 Networks of individual scenarios and in smartgrid applications. "Smartgrid" refers to technology to modernize utility electricity in a volatile smartgrid scenario that included fluctuating loads with random power demand, renewable energy

to be able to communicate with smart meters via a Home Area Network (HAN) facilitating efficient powerInternational Journal of SmartGrid and Clean Energy SmartGrid Security: Threats, Vulnerabilities is currently evolving into the smartgrid. Smartgrid integrates the traditional electrical power grid

Smart Wire Grid's DSR technology (Discrete Series Reactor) can be quickly deployed on electrical transmission lines to create intelligent mesh networks capable of quickly rerouting electricity to get power where and when it's needed the most. With their recent ARPA-E funding, Smart Wire Grid has been able to move from prototype and field testing to building out a US manufacturing operation in just under a year.

Smart Wire Grid's DSR technology (Discrete Series Reactor) can be quickly deployed on electrical transmission lines to create intelligent mesh networks capable of quickly rerouting electricity to get power where and when it's needed the most. With their recent ARPA-E funding, Smart Wire Grid has been able to move from prototype and field testing to building out a US manufacturing operation in just under a year.

The United States repeatedly experiences floods along the Midwest's large rivers and droughts in the arid Western States that cause traumatic environmental conditions with huge economic impact. With an integrated approach and solution these problems can be alleviated. Tapping into the Mississippi River and its tributaries, the world's third largest fresh water river system, during flood events will mitigate the damage of flooding and provide a new source of fresh water to the Western States. The trend of increased flooding on the Midwest's large rivers is supported by a growing body of scientific literature. The Colorado River Basin and the western states are experiencing a protracted multi-year drought. Fresh water can be pumped via pipelines from areas of overabundance/flood to areas of drought or high demand. Calculations document 10 to 60 million acre-feet (maf) of fresh water per flood event can be captured from the Midwest's Rivers and pumped via pipelines to the Colorado River and introduced upstream of Lake Powell, Utah, to destinations near Denver, Colorado, and used in areas along the pipelines. Water users of the Colorado River include the cities in southern Nevada, southern California, northern Arizona, Colorado, Utah, Indian Tribes, and Mexico. The proposed start and end points, and routes of the pipelines are documented, including information on right-of-ways necessary for state and federal permits. A National Smart Water Grid{trademark} (NSWG) Project will create thousands of new jobs for construction, operation, and maintenance and save billions in drought and flood damage reparations tax dollars. The socio-economic benefits of NWSG include decreased flooding in the Midwest; increased agriculture, and recreation and tourism; improved national security, transportation, and fishery and wildlife habitats; mitigated regional climate change and global warming such as increased carbon capture; decreased salinity in Colorado River water crossing the US-Mexico border; and decreased eutrophication (excessive plant growth and decay) in the Gulf of Mexico to name a few. The National Smart Water Grid{trademark} will pay for itself in a single major flood event.

GENI Project: Cornell University is creating a new software platform for grid operators called GridControl that will utilize cloud computing to more efficiently control the grid. In a cloud computing system, there are minimal hardware and software demands on users. The user can tap into a network of computers that is housed elsewhere (the cloud) and the network runs computer applications for the user. The user only needs interface software to access all of the clouds data resources, which can be as simple as a web browser. Cloud computing can reduce costs, facilitate innovation through sharing, empower users, and improve the overall reliability of a dispersed system. Cornells GridControl will focus on 4 elements: delivering the state of the grid to users quickly and reliably; building networked, scalable grid-control software; tailoring services to emerging smartgrid uses; and simulating smartgrid behavior under various conditions.

Since the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 was enacted, there has been a large number of websites that discusses smartgrid and relevant information, including those from government, academia, industry, private sector and regulatory. These websites collect information independently. Therefore, smartgrid information was quite scattered and dispersed. The objective of this work was to develop, populate, manage and maintain the public SmartGrid Information Clearinghouse (SGIC) web portal. The information in the SGIC website is comprehensive that includes smartgrid information, research & development, demonstration projects, technical standards, costs & benefit analyses, business cases, legislation, policy & regulation, and other information on lesson learned and best practices. The content in the SGIC website is logically grouped to allow easily browse, search and sort. In addition to providing the browse and search feature, the SGIC web portal also allow users to share their smartgrid information with others though our online content submission platform. The Clearinghouse web portal, therefore, serves as the first stop shop for smartgrid information that collects smartgrid information in a non-bias, non-promotional manner and can provide a missing link from information sources to end users and better serve users needs. The web portal is available at www.sgiclearinghouse.org. This report summarizes the work performed during the course of the project (September 2009  August 2014). Section 2.0 lists SGIC Advisory Committee and User Group members. Section 3.0 discusses SGIC information architecture and web-based database application functionalities. Section 4.0 summarizes SGIC features and functionalities, including its search, browse and sort capabilities, web portal social networking, online content submission platform and security measures implemented. Section 5.0 discusses SGIC web portal contents, including smartgrid 101, smartgrid projects, deployment experience (i.e., use cases, lessons learned, cost-benefit analyses and business cases), in-depth information (i.e., standards, technology, cyber security, legislation, education and training and demand response), as well as international information. Section 6.0 summarizes SGIC statistics from the launch of the portal on July 07, 2010 to August 31, 2014. Section 7.0 summarizes publicly available information as a result of this work.

It is important to implement safe smartgrid environment to enhance people's lives and livelihoods. This paper provides information on smartgrid IS functional requirement by illustrating some discussion points to the sixteen identified requirements. This paper introduces the smartgrid potential hazards that can be referred as a triggering factor to improve the system and security of the entire grid. The background of smart information infrastructure and the needs for smartgrid IS is described with the adoption of hermeneutic circle as methodology. Grid information technology and security-s session discusses that grid provides the chance of a simple and transparent access to different information sources. In addition, the transformation between traditional versus smartgrid networking trend and the IS importance on the communication field reflects the criticality of grid IS functional requirement identification is introduces. The smartgrid IS functional requirements described in this paper are general and ...

To convey progress made in achieving the vision of a smartgrid, this report uses a set of six characteristics derived from the National Energy Technology Laboratory Modern Grid Strategy. It measures 21 metrics to provide insight into the grids capacity to embody these characteristics. This report looks across a spectrum of smartgrid concerns to measure the status of smartgrid deployment and impacts.

May 2013 1 SmartGrids: Fact or Fiction? A Discussion of SmartGrids in New Zealand Dr Allan Miller. Introduction The term `smartgrid' is used extensively today, even though there are diverse opinions on what to some extent, and the key questions should not be about what constitutes a `smartgrid', but what

encountered power quality disturbances. Index Terms--Smartgrid, voltage sag detection, power quality (PQ as the generation system is moved nearby the distribution level and this is achieved by using a set of micro gridsgrids are their availability, reliability, and profitability; in order to fulfill power demand according

AbstractElectric power systems are entering a new realm of operations. Large amounts of variable generation tax our ability to reliably operate the system. Couple this with a greater reliance on the electricity network to serve consumer demand that is likely to rise significantly even as we drive for greater efficiency. Trade-offs between energy and environmental needs will be constantly negotiated, while a reliable supply of electricity needs even greater assurance in a world where threats of disruption have risen. Smartgrid capabilities are being proposed to help address the challenges confronting system operations. This paper reviews the impact of smartgrid functionality on transforming power system operations. It explores models for distributed energy resources (DER  generation, storage, and load) that are appearing on the system. It reviews the evolving nature of electricity markets to deal with this complexity and a change of emphasis on signals from these markets to affect power system control. Smartgrid capabilities will also impact reliable operations, while cyber security issues must be addressed as a culture change that influences all system design, implementation, and maintenance. Lastly, the paper explores significant questions for further research and the need for a simulation environment that supports such investigation and informs deployments to mitigate operational issues as they arise.

1 Dependability Analysis of Control Center Networks in SmartGrid using Stochastic Petri Nets: xshen@bbcr.uwaterloo.ca Abstract--As an indispensable infrastructure for the future life, smartgrid is being implemented to save energy, reduce costs, and increase reliability. In smartgrid, control center

Integration of Smart Home Data with Simulated SmartGrid Introduction Data was generated using The Energy Detective (TED 5000) Data was exported to then to the RTDS Data from the smart home lab from smart home to simulate real-life scenario Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) RTDS is a real time

of the impacts of long-term power shortages from the destruction of critical electric infrastructure. ? A Hitachi factory north of Tokyo that makes 60% of the world?s supply of airflow sensors was shut down. This caused General Motors to shut a plant... at The University of Texas at Dallas ? Next Generation Control Systems ? Trustworthy Cyber Infrastructure for the Power Grid ? Active Defense Systems ? System Vulnerability Assessments ? Grid Test Bed ? Integrated Risk Analysis ? Modeling and Simulation...

and Prediction in a SmartGrid Software Architecture * Saima Aman, Yogesh Simmhan The increasing deployment of smart meters and other sensor technologies in the SmartGrid. This information-rich SmartGrid environment has opened up research opportunities

To build on the work of year one by expanding the smart control algorithm developed to a micro-grid of ten houses; to perform a cost analysis; to evaluate alternate energy sources; to study system reliability; to develop the energy management algorithm, and to perform micro-grid software and hardware simulations.

smart meter wireless transmissions in the presence of strong wideband interference. The performanceIEEE Proof W eb Version IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMARTGRID 1 Cognitive Radio Network for the Smart of applying the next generation wireless technology, cognitive radio network, for the smartgrid

of solely in terms of meter solutions. However, the smartgrid encompasses the entire grid--it must be used's environmental footprint.While the smartgrid is starting with meter reads and outage information, it will soonThe key to fully tapping the promise of the smartgrid in the electric utility industry is highly

The integration of automation associated with electricity resources (including transmission and distribution automation and demand-side resources operated by end-users) is key to supporting greater efficiencies and incorporating variable renewable resources and electric vehicles into the power system. The integration problems faced by this community are analogous to those faced in the health industry, emergency services, and other complex communities with many stakeholders. To highlight this issue and encourage communication and the development of a smartgrid interoperability community, the GridWise Architecture Council (GWAC) created an Interoperability Context-Setting Framework. This "conceptual model" has been helpful to explain the importance of organizational alignment in addition to technical and informational interface specifications for "smartgrid" devices and systems. As a next step to building a community sensitive to interoperability, the GWAC is investigating an interoperability maturity model (IMM) based on work done by others to address similar circumstances. The objective is to create a tool or set of tools that encourages a culture of interoperability in this emerging community. The tools would measure status and progress, analyze gaps, and prioritize efforts to improve the situation.

Increasing use of electricity, interest in renewable energy sources, and need for a more reliable power grid system are some of the many drivers for the concept of the SmartGrid technology. In order to achieve these goals, ...

as to minimize the total cost incurred to the system due to the power outage (i.e., social optimality). The game that a smartgrid will transform the current power grid into one that functions more intelligently, giving J challenges for reliablesmartgrid operation is the post-outage management of power among the users

The power grid is becoming far more complex as a result of the grid evolution meeting an information revolution. Due to the penetration of smartgrid technologies, the grid is evolving as an unprecedented speed and the information infrastructure is fundamentally improved with a large number of smart meters and sensors that produce several orders of magnitude larger amounts of data. How to pull data in, perform analysis, and put information out in a real-time manner is a fundamental challenge in smartgrid operation and planning. The future power grid requires high performance computing to be one of the foundational technologies in developing the algorithms and tools for the significantly increased complexity. New techniques and computational capabilities are required to meet the demands for higher reliability and better asset utilization, including advanced algorithms and computing hardware for large-scale modeling, simulation, and analysis. This chapter summarizes the computational challenges in smartgrid and the need for high performance computing, and present examples of how high performance computing might be used for future smartgrid operation and planning.

SMART WATER GRID PLAN B TECHNICAL REPORT FALL 2014 PREPARED BY: OLGA MARTYUSHEVA IN PARTIAL of water resources is currently under stress due to climatic changes, and continuous increase in water demand linked to the global population increase. A Smart Water Grid (SWG) is a two-way real time network

1 Algorithmic Decision Theory and the SmartGrid Fred Roberts Rutgers University #12;2 Algorithmic Conference on ADT ­ probably Belgium in Fall 2013. #12;9 ADT and SmartGrid ·Many of the following ideas and planning dating at least to World War II. ·But: algorithms to speed up and improve real-time decision

Abstract-- Smartgrid technologies in combination with the methodological foundation laid customers of electricity. We further claim that smartgrid technologies that enable load response and load reliability from a public to a private good are the enabling smartgrid technologies and the design

for SmartGrid Information Integration and Demand Management Qunzhi Zhou, Yogesh of the power grid to a SmartGrid. The benefits of SmartGrid include demand Grid Demonstration Project. We define an ontology model for SmartGrid

The Consolidated Edison, Inc., of New York (Con Edison) Secure Interoperable Open SmartGrid Demonstration Project (SGDP), sponsored by the United States (US) Department of Energy (DOE), demonstrated that the reliability, efficiency, and flexibility of the grid can be improved through a combination of enhanced monitoring and control capabilities using systems and resources that interoperate within a secure services framework. The project demonstrated the capability to shift, balance, and reduce load where and when needed in response to system contingencies or emergencies by leveraging controllable field assets. The range of field assets includes curtailable customer loads, distributed generation (DG), battery storage, electric vehicle (EV) charging stations, building management systems (BMS), home area networks (HANs), high-voltage monitoring, and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). The SGDP enables the seamless integration and control of these field assets through a common, cyber-secure, interoperable control platform, which integrates a number of existing legacy control and data systems, as well as new smartgrid (SG) systems and applications. By integrating advanced technologies for monitoring and control, the SGDP helps target and reduce peak load growth, improves the reliability and efficiency of Con Edisons grid, and increases the ability to accommodate the growing use of distributed resources. Con Edison is dedicated to lowering costs, improving reliability and customer service, and reducing its impact on the environment for its customers. These objectives also align with the policy objectives of New York State as a whole. To help meet these objectives, Con Edisons long-term vision for the distribution grid relies on the successful integration and control of a growing penetration of distributed resources, including demand response (DR) resources, battery storage units, and DG. For example, Con Edison is expecting significant long-term growth of DG. The SGDP enables the efficient, flexible integration of these disparate resources and lays the architectural foundations for future scalability. Con Edison assembled an SGDP team of more than 16 different project partners, including technology vendors, and participating organizations, and the Con Edison team provided overall guidance and project management. Project team members are listed in Table 1-1.

This paper describes the background of smart information infrastructure and the needs for smartgrid information security. It introduces the conceptual analysis to the methodology with the application of hermeneutic circle and information security functional requirement identification. Information security for the grid market cover matters includes automation and communications industry that affects the operation of electric power systems and the functioning of the utilities that manage them and its awareness of this information infrastructure has become critical to the reliability of the power system. Community benefits from of cost savings, flexibility and deployment along with the establishment of wireless communications. However, concern revolves around the security protections for easily accessible devices such as the smart meter and the related communications hardware. On the other hand, the changing points between traditional versus smartgrid networking trend and the information security importance on...

Student Research Abstract: Trustworthy Remote Entities in the SmartGrid Andrew J. Paverd to enhance user privacy by introducing a novel element into the smartgrid architecture. The Trustworthy a group of smart meters and the external smartgrid entities. The TRE enhances user privacy by providing

The future smartgrid is envisioned as a large-scale cyber-physical system encompassing advanced power, communications, control, and computing technologies. In order to accommodate these technologies, it will have to build on solid mathematical tools that can ensure an efficient and robust operation of such heterogeneous and large-scale cyber-physical systems. In this context, this paper is an overview on the potential of applying game theory for addressing relevant and timely open problems in three emerging areas that pertain to the smartgrid: micro-grid systems, demand-side management, and communications. In each area, the state-of-the-art contributions are gathered and a systematic treatment, using game theory, of some of the most relevant problems for future power systems is provided. Future opportunities for adopting game theoretic methodologies in the transition from legacy systems toward smart and intelligent grids are also discussed. In a nutshell, this article provides a comprehensive account of the...

Smartgrid is an emerging technology which is able to control the power load via price signaling. The communication between the power supplier and power customers is a key issue in smartgrid. Performance degradation like delay or outage may cause significant impact on the stability of the pricing based control and thus the reward of smartgrid. Therefore, a QoS mechanism is proposed for the communication system in smartgrid, which incorporates the derivation of QoS requirement and applies QoS routing in the communication network. For deriving the QoS requirement, the dynamics of power load and the load-price mapping are studied. The corresponding impacts of different QoS metrics like delay are analyzed. Then, the QoS is derived via an optimization problem that maximizes the total revenue. Based on the derived QoS requirement, a simple greedy QoS routing algorithm is proposed for the requirement of high speed routing in smartgrid. It is also proven that the proposed greedy algorithm is a $K$-approximation. ...

Both OpenEI and SmartGrid.gov are DOE portals to a wealth of information about the federal initiatives that support the development of the technologies, policies and projects transforming the electric power industry. Projects funded through the U.S. Recovery Act are organized by type and pinned to an interactive map at http://en.openei.org/wiki/Gateway:Smart_Grid. Each project title links to more detailed information. The Quarterly Data Summaries from the Data Hub at SmartGrid.gov are also available on OpenEI at http://en.openei.org/datasets/node/928. In addition, the SmartGrid Information Center contains documents and reports that can be searched or browsed. SmartGrid Resources introduces international SmartGrid programs and sites, while OpenEI encourages users to add SmartGrid information to the repository.

Cyber-Physical Systems Security for SmartGrid Future Grid Initiative White Paper Power Systems-Physical Systems Security for SmartGrid Prepared for the Project "The Future Grid to Enable Sustainable Energy Acknowledgements This white paper was developed as one of nine white papers in the project "The Future Grid

In recent years, a number of U.S. states have adopted or are considering smartgrid related laws, regulations, and voluntary or mandatory requirements. At the same time, the number of smartgrid pilot projects has been increasing rapidly. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) commissioned SAIC to research the development of smartgrid in the United States and abroad. The research produced several documents that will help guide EIA as it considers how best to track smartgrid developments.

The SmartGrid is not just about the digitalization of the Power Grid. In its more visionary acceptation, it is a model of energy management in which the users are engaged in producing energy as well as consuming it, while having information systems fully aware of the energy demand-response of the network and of dynamically varying prices. A natural question is then: to make the SmartGrid a reality will the Distribution Grid have to be updated? We assume a positive answer to the question and we consider the lower layers of Medium and Low Voltage to be the most affected by the change. In our previous work, we have analyzed samples of the Dutch Distribution Grid in our previous work and we have considered possible evolutions of these using synthetic topologies modeled after studies of complex systems in other technological domains in another previous work. In this paper, we take an extra important further step by defining a methodology for evolving any existing physical Power Grid to a good SmartGrid model th...

Measurement Denoising Using Kernel Adaptive Filters in the SmartGrid Zhe Chen and Robert C. Qiu@ieee.org, rqiu@tntech.edu Abstract--State estimation plays an important role in the smartgrid. Conventionally, noisy measurements are directly used for state estimation. Today, in the context of the smartgrid

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMARTGRID CALL FOR PAPERS Special Issue on "Optimization Methods and Algorithms Applied to SmartGrid" With recent developments in advanced monitoring, information, and communication technologies applied to smartgrid, electric power systems will be able to respond more

The SmartGrid's Data Generating Potentials Marco Aiello Johann Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, The Netherlands Email: g.a.pagani@rug.nl Abstract--The SmartGrid is the vision underlying the evo- lution of such data put the smartgrid in the category of Big Data applications, followed by the natural question

Adaptive Rate Stream Processing for SmartGrid Applications on Clouds Yogesh Simmhan University within a smart (power) grid are providing utilities and power systems researchers with unprecedentedEngineering applications in the smartgrid domain. One unique aspect of our work is the use of adaptive rate control

1 Adaptive Energy Forecasting and Information Diffusion for Smart Power Grids Yogesh Simmhan, prasanna}@usc.edu I. INTRODUCTION Smart Power Grids exemplify an emerging class of Cyber Physical-on paradigm to support operational needs. SmartGrids are an outcome of instrumentation, such as Phasor

ECE 5332 Communications and Control in SmartGrid A.H. MohsenianRad (U of T) 1Networking;Course Overview Dr. Hamed Mohsenian-Rad Texas Tech UniversityCommunications and Control in SmartGrid 2 · Graduate Course on Introduction to SmartGrid. · No Official Prerequisites: Background in the following

between users and suppliers. While such integration is essential for a future "smart" grid, it also makesIEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMARTGRID, VOL. 2, NO. 4, DECEMBER 2011 645 Malicious Data Attacks on the SmartGrid Oliver Kosut, Member, IEEE, Liyan Jia, Robert J. Thomas, Life Fellow, IEEE, and Lang Tong

This is the project report to DOE OE-30 for the completion of Phase 1 of a 3 phase report. This report outlines the work done to develop a smartgrid cybersecurity certification. This work is being done with the subcontractor NBISE.

Building smartgrid for power system is a major challenge for safe, automated and energy efficient usage of electricity. The full implementation of the smartgrid will evolve over time. However, before a new set of infrastructures are invested to build the smartgrid, proper modeling and analysis is needed to avoid wastage of resources. Modeling also helps to identify and prioritize appropriate systems parameters. In this paper, an all comprehensive model of smartgrid have been proposed using Generalized Stochastic Petri Nets (GSPN). The model is used to analyze the constraints and deliverables of the smart power grid of future.

1 Smart (In-home) Power Scheduling for Demand Response on the SmartGrid Gang Xiong, Chen Chen for the home and produces a demand that is more level over time. Index Terms--Smartgrid, power management to control power usage across the home. The EMC may be standalone or embedded either in the smart meter

Survivable SmartGrid Communication: Smart-Meters Meshes to the Rescue Arjun P. Athreya and Patrick flattening process. This process involves smart-meters and other disaster surviving elements of higher system as a function of outage area, smart-meter density and smart-meter's neighborhood size. The results from

SmartGrids measure energy usage in real-time and tailor supply and delivery accordingly, in order to improve power transmission and distribution. For the grids to operate effectively, it is critical to collect readings from massively-installed smart meters to control centers in an efficient and secure manner. In this paper, we propose a secure compressed reading scheme to address this critical issue. We observe that our collected real-world meter data express strong temporal correlations, indicating they are sparse in certain domains. We adopt Compressed Sensing technique to exploit this sparsity and design an efficient meter data transmission scheme. Our scheme achieves substantial efficiency offered by compressed sensing, without the need to know beforehand in which domain the meter data are sparse. This is in contrast to traditional compressed-sensing based scheme where such sparse-domain information is required a priori. We then design specific dependable scheme to work with our compressed sensing based ...

With the wide array of home area network (HAN) options being presented as solutions to smartgrid challenges for the home, it is time to compare and contrast their strengths and weaknesses. This white paper examines leading and emerging HAN technologies. The emergence of the smartgrid is bringing more networking players into the field. The need for low consistent bandwidth usage differs enough from the traditional information technology world to open the door to new technologies. The predominant players currently consist of a blend of the old and new. Within the wired world Ethernet and HomePlug Green PHY are leading the way with an advantage to HomePlug because it doesn't require installing new wires. In the wireless the realm there are many more competitors but WiFi and ZigBee seem to have the most momentum.

Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) originated as a way for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to monitor the development of systems being readied for space. The technique has found wide application as part of the more general topic of system engineering. In this paper, we consider the applicability of TRLs to systems being readied for the smartgrid. We find that there are many useful parallels, and much to be gained by this application. However, TRLs were designed for a developer who was also a user. That is not usually the case for smartgrid developments. We consider the matter from the point of view of the company responsible for implementation, typically a utility, and we find that there is a need for connecting the many standards in the industry. That connection is explored, and some new considerations are introduced.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMARTGRID, VOL. 5, NO. 1, JANUARY 2014 303 Opportunistic Routing for Smart communications (PLCs) have recently absorbed interest in the smartgrid since they offer communi- cation a bit-meter per second maximization problem and solves it in a distributed manner. Through simulations

Abstract Budget and schedule overruns in product development due to the use of immature technologies constitute an important matter for program managers. Moreover, unexpected lack of technology maturity is also a problem for buyers. Both sides of the situation would benefit from an unbiased measure of technology maturity. This paper presents the use of a software maturity metric called Technology Readiness Level (TRL), in the milieu of the smartgrid. For most of the time they have been in existence, power utilities have been protected monopolies, guaranteed a return on investment on anything they could justify adding to the rate base. Such a situation did not encourage innovation, and instead led to widespread risk-avoidance behavior in many utilities. The situation changed at the end of the last century, with a series of regulatory measures, beginning with the Public Utility Regulatory Policy Act of 1978. However, some bad experiences have actually served to strengthen the resistance to innovation by some utilities. Some aspects of the smartgrid, such as the addition of computer-based control to the power system, face an uphill battle. It is our position that the addition of TRLs to the decision-making process for smartgrid power-system projects, will lead to an environment of more confident adoption.

A Cheat-Proof Game Theoretic Demand Response Scheme for SmartGrids Yan Chen, W. Sabrina Lin, Feng}@umd.edu Abstract--While demand response has achieved promising results on making the power grid more efficient and reliable, the additional dynamics and flexibility brought by demand response also increase the uncertainty

As part of its ongoing effort regarding the formation of smartgrid policy, the Department of Energy issued a Request for Information in September of 2010 on the topic of Addressing Policy and Logistical Challenges to SmartGrid Implementation. The purpose was to solicit comments from interested stakeholders on policy and logistical challenges that confront smartgrid implementation, and recommendations on how to best overcome those challenges.

The August 2012 issue of The CIP Report from George Mason University's Center for Infrastructure Protection and Homeland Security highlights the significance and challenges to securing the smartgrid. The report includes an overview of smartgrid security by Deputy Assistant Secretary Hank Kenchington and the findings for reducing cyber risks from the Workshop on Securing the SmartGrid: Best Practices in Supply Chain Security, Integrity, and Resilience.

1 Distributed Smart-home Decision-making in a Hierarchical Interactive SmartGrid Architecture Ding of the individual smart-homes to actually achieve the optimal solution derived by the controller under realistic for all smart-homes in the auctioning game, collusive equilibria do exist and can jeopardize

This paper describes the architecture and design of a novel system for supporting large-scale real-time data analysis for future power grid systems. The widespread deployment of renewable generation, smartgrid controls, energy storage, plug-in hybrids, and new conducting materials will require fundamental changes in the operational concepts and principal components of the grid. As a result, the whole system becomes highly dynamic and requires constant adjusting based on real time data. Even though millions of sensors such as phase measurement units (PMU) and smart meters are being widely deployed, a data layer that can analyze this amount of data in real time is needed. Unlike the data fabric in other cloud services, the data layer for smartgrids has some unique design requirements. First, this layer must provide real time guarantees. Second, this layer must be scalable to allow a large number of applications to access the data from millions of sensors in real time. Third, reliability is critical and this layer must be able to continue to provide service in face of failures. Fourth, this layer must be secure. We address these challenges though a scalable system architecture that integrates the I/O and data processing capability in a devise set of devices. Data process operations can be placed anywhere from sensors, data storage devices, to control centers. We further employ compression to improve performance. We design a lightweight compression customized for power grid data. Our system can reduce end-to-end response time by reduce I/O overhead through compression and overlap compression operations with I/O. The initial prototype of our system was demonstrated with several use cases from PNNLs FPGI and show that our system can provide real time guarantees to a diverse set of applications.

The GridWise Architecture Council was formed by the U.S. Department of Energy to promote and enable interoperability among the many entities that interact with the electric power system. This balanced team of industry representatives proposes principles for the development of interoperability concepts and standards. The Council provides industry guidance and tools that make it an available resource for smartgrid implementations. In the spirit of advancing interoperability of an ecosystem of smartgrid devices and systems, this document presents a model for evaluating the maturity of the artifacts and processes that specify the agreement of parties to collaborate across an information exchange interface. You are expected to have a solid understanding of large, complex system integration concepts and experience in dealing with software component interoperation. Those without this technical background should read the Executive Summary for a description of the purpose and contents of the document. Other documents, such as checklists, guides, and whitepapers, exist for targeted purposes and audiences. Please see the www.gridwiseac.org website for more products of the Council that may be of interest to you.

The ongoing transformation of electric grids into smartgrids provides the technological basis to implement demand-sensitive pricing strategies aimed at using the electric power infrastructure more efficiently. These ...

://ieeexplore.ieee.org. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TSG.2013.xxxxxxx reliability of power systems, since the precise balance integrating wind generation into the operations and planning of bulk power grids, in which wind generation for Stochastic Reliability in SmartGrids with Wind Generation and Opportunistic Demand Miao He, Student Member

This paper describes a risk-based approach to security that has been used for years in protecting physical assets, and shows how it could be modified to help secure the digital aspects of the smartgrid and control systems in general. One way the smartgrid has been said to be vulnerable is that mass load fluctuations could be created by quickly turning off and on large quantities of smart meters. We investigate the plausibility.

This project has led to the development of a real-time simulation platform for electric power grids called Grid Simulator or GridSim for simulating the dynamic and information network interactions of large- scale power systems. The platform consists of physical models of power system components including synchronous generators, loads and control, which are simulated using a modified commercial power simulator namely Transient Stability Analysis Tool (TSAT) [1] together with data cleanup components, as well as an emulated substation level and wide-area power analysis components. The platform also includes realistic representations of communication network middleware that can emulate the real-time information flow back and forth between substations and control centers in wide-area power systems. The platform has been validated on a realistic 6000-bus model of the western American power system. The simulator GridSim developed in this project is the first of its kind in its ability to simulate real-time response of large-scale power grids, and serves as a cost effective real-time stability and control simulation platform for power industry.

This report articulates nine mechanisms by which the smartgrid can reduce energy use and carbon impacts associated with electricity generation and delivery. The quantitative estimates of potential reductions in electricity sector energy and associated CO2 emissions presented are based on a survey of published results and simple analyses. This report does not attempt to justify the cost effectiveness of the smartgrid, which to date has been based primarily upon the twin pillars of cost-effective operation and improved reliability. Rather, it attempts to quantify the additional energy and CO2 emission benefits inherent in the smartgrids potential contribution to the nations goal of mitigating climate change by reducing the carbon footprint of the electric power system.

This report articulates nine mechanisms by which the smartgrid can reduce energy use and carbon impacts associated with electricity generation and delivery. The quantitative estimates of potential reductions in electricity sector energy and associated CO2 emissions presented are based on a survey of published results and simple analyses. This report does not attempt to justify the cost effectiveness of the smartgrid, which to date has been based primarily upon the twin pillars of cost-effective operation and improved reliability. Rather, it attempts to quantify the additional energy and CO2 emission benefits inherent in the smartgrids potential contribution to the nations goal of mitigating climate change by reducing the carbon footprint of the electric power system.

communication infrastructure in the smartgrid is not robust for data collection from smart meters during/generating elements in the smart environment to a gateway. We envision this gateway to be a smart meter. The collection of smart-meters and collectors form the smartgrid Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) [1

-granularity management of the power grid. The basic unit of the consumer-side smartgrid is the electric meter. A meter from many meters to make intelligent service decisions. Visions of the smartgrid range from at minimum in the SmartGrid Tucker L. Ward Senior Honors Thesis Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA Dartmouth Computer

AbstractInteroperability is about the properties of devices and systems to connect and work properly. Advancing interoperability eases integration and maintenance of the resulting interconnection. This leads to faster integration, lower labor and component costs, predictability of projects and the resulting performance, and evolutionary paths for upgrade. When specifications are shared and standardized, competition and novel solutions can bring new value streams to the community of stakeholders involved. Advancing interoperability involves reaching agreement for how things join at their interfaces. The quality of the agreements and the alignment of parties involved in the agreement present challenges that are best met with process improvement techniques. The GridWise® Architecture Council (GWAC) sponsored by the United States Department of Energy is supporting an effort to use concepts from capability maturity models used in the software industry to advance interoperability of smartgrid technology. An interoperability maturity model has been drafted and experience is being gained through trials on various types of projects and community efforts. This paper describes the value and objectives of maturity models, the nature of the interoperability maturity model and how it compares with other maturity models, and experiences gained with its use.

The distributed nature of the SmartGrid, such as responsive loads, solar and wind generation, and automation in the distribution system present a complex environment not easily controlled in a centralized manner.

The distributed nature of the SmartGrid, such as responsive loads, solar and wind generation, and automation in the distribution system present a complex environment not easily controlled in a centralized manner.

The IEEE American National Standards project P2030TM addressing smartgrid interoperability and the IEEE 1547 series of standards addressing distributed resources interconnection with the grid have been identified in priority action plans in the Report to NIST on the SmartGrid Interoperability Standards Roadmap. This paper presents the status of the IEEE P2030 development, the IEEE 1547 series of standards publications and drafts, and provides insight on systems integration and grid infrastructure. The P2030 and 1547 series of standards are sponsored by IEEE Standards Coordinating Committee 21.

task for standardization organizations worldwide. For reference or details see NIST interoperability with international and other relevant national SmartGrids standardization activities. Â· Do not reinvent the wheel this approach in close collaboration and cooperation with the existing international standardization

The electrical power grid is evolving into the smartgrid. The goal of the smartgrid is to improve efficiency and availability of power by adding more monitoring and control capabilities. These new technologies and mechanisms are certain to introduce vulnerabilities into the power grid. In this paper we provide an overview of the cyber security state of the electrical power grid. We highlight some of the vulnerabilities that already exist in the power grid including limited capacity systems, implicit trust and the lack of authentication. We also address challenges of complexity, scale, added capabilities and the move to multipurpose hardware and software as the power grid is upgraded. These changes create vulnerabilities that did not exist before and bring increased risks. We conclude the paper by showing that there are a number mitigation strategies that can help keep the risk at an acceptable level.

as the electrical grid morphs into the "smartgrid" will require innovations in how we assess the state of the grid and intelligent electricity distribution and trans- mission system, i.e., power grid. The smartgrid has been (Force, 2010). Without the smartgrid, many emerging clean energy technologies such as electric ve

As the smartgrid becomes reality, software architectures for integrating legacy systems with new innovative approaches for grid management are needed. These architectures must exhibit flexibility, extensibility, interoperability and scalability. In this position paper, we describe our preliminary work to design such an architecture, known as GridOPTICS, that will enable the deployment and integration of new software tools in smartgrid operations. Our preliminary design is based upon use cases from PNNLs Future Power Grid Initiative, which is a developing a collection of advanced software technologies for smartgrid management and control. We describe the motivations for GridOPTICS, and the preliminary design that we are currently prototyping for several distinct use cases.

Services from Commercial Buildings to the SmartGrid Mehdicommercial building hvac fan as ancillary service for smartbuildings flexibility can be utilized for frequency regulation provision in the smart

As our attention turns to new cars that run partially or completely on electricity, how can we redesign our electric grid to not only handle the new load, but make electricity cheap and efficient for everyone? Argonne engineer Ted Bohn explains a model of a "smartgrid" that gives consumers the power to choose their own prices and sources of electricity.

As our attention turns to new cars that run partially or completely on electricity, how can we redesign our electric grid to not only handle the new load, but make electricity cheap and efficient for everyone? Argonne engineer Ted Bohn explains a model of a "smartgrid" that gives consumers the power to choose their own prices and sources of electricity.

On October 27th, Baltimore Gas & Electric was selected to receive $200 million for SmartGrid innovation projects under the Recovery Act. Watch as members of their team, along with President Obama, explain how building a smarter grid will help consumers cut their utility bills, battle climate change and create jobs.

On October 27th, Baltimore Gas & Electric was selected to receive $200 million for SmartGrid innovation projects under the Recovery Act. Watch as members of their team, along with President Obama, explain how building a smarter grid will help consumers cut their utility bills, battle climate change and create jobs.

Cyber-physical systems integrate information and communication technology functions to the physical elements of a system for monitoring and controlling purposes. The conversion of traditional power grid into a smartgrid, a fundamental example of a cyber-physical system, raises a number of issues that require novel methods and applications. In this context, an important issue is the verification of certain quantitative properties of the system. In this technical report, we consider a specific Chinese SmartGrid implementation and try to address the verification problem for certain quantitative properties including performance and battery consumption. We employ stochastic model checking approach and present our modelling and analysis study using PRISM model checker.

Exploring SmartGrid and Data Center Interactions for Electric Power Load Balancing Hao Wang infrastructure often known as the smartgrid [10]. Smartgrid is differences. However, the impact of load redistribu- tions on the power grid is not well understood yet

Optimal Charging of Electric Vehicles in SmartGrid: Characterization and Valley-Filling Algorithms with different EV battery charging rate constraints, that is distributed across a smart power grid network the power grid. One way to tackle this problem is to adopt a "smartgrid" solution, which allows EVs

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMARTGRID, VOL. 2, NO. 4, DECEMBER 2011 643 Guest Editorial Cyber, Physical, and System Security for SmartGrid The vision of a smartgrid relies heavily on the information, facilitating the integration of renewable energy sources into the grid, and empowering the consumer with tools

Smartgrid, regarded as the next generation power grid, uses two-way flows of electricity and information to create a widely distributed automated energy delivery network. In this work we present our vision on smartgrid from the perspective of wireless communications and networking technologies. We present wireless communication and networking paradigms for four typical scenarios in the future smartgrid and also point out the research challenges of the wireless communication and networking technologies used in smartgrid

Simulation of smartgrid technologies requires a fundamentally new approach to integrated modeling of power systems, energy markets, building technologies, and the plethora of other resources and assets that are becoming part of modern electricity production, delivery, and consumption systems. As a result, the US Department of Energys Office of Electricity commissioned the development of a new type of power system simulation tool called GridLAB-D that uses an agent-based approach to simulating smartgrids. This paper presents the numerical methods and approach to time-series simulation used by GridLAB-D and reviews applications in power system studies, market design, building control system design, and integration of wind power in a smartgrid.

Simulation of smartgrid technologies requires a fundamentally new approach to integrated modeling of power systems, energy markets, building technologies, and the plethora of other resources and assets that are becoming part of modern electricity production, delivery, and consumption systems. As a result, the US Department of Energys Office of Electricity commissioned the development of a new type of power system simulation tool called GridLAB-D that uses an agent-based approach to simulating smartgrids. This paper presents the numerical methods and approach to time-series simulation used by GridLAB-D and reviews applications in power system studies, market design, building control systemmore »design, and integration of wind power in a smartgrid.« less

of smart meters, which collects the current load of smart meters installed at each home and then forwards1 Compressed Meter Reading for Delay-sensitive and Secure Load Report in SmartGrid Husheng Li, Rukun Mao, Lifeng Lai and Robert. C. Qiu Abstract-- It is a key task in smartgrid to send the readings

. We describe these mechanisms and their implementation on examples from the home domain. Index Terms--Smart1 Representation and Self-Configuration of Physical Entities in Extended SmartGrid Perimeter Zheng of SmartGrids to Smart Energy Management Systems in relevant domains, we propose a framework and a set

Is Power Line Communication (PLC) a good candidate for SmartGrid applications? The objective of this paper is to address this important question. To do so we provide an overview of what PLC can deliver today by surveying its history and describing the most recent technological advances in the area. We then address SmartGrid applications as instances of sensor networking and network control problems and discuss the main conclusion one can draw from the literature on these subjects. The application scenario of PLC within the SmartGrid is then analyzed in detail. Since a necessary ingredient of network planning is modeling, we also discuss two aspects of engineering modeling that relate to our question. The first aspect is modeling the PLC channel through fading models. The second aspect we review is the SmartGrid control and traffic modeling problem which allows us to achieve a better understanding of the communications requirements. Finally, this paper reports recent studies on the electrical and topologic...

Optimization of energy consumption in future intelligent energy networks (or SmartGrids) will be based on grid-integrated near-real-time communications between various grid elements in generation, transmission, distribution and loads. This paper discusses some of the challenges and opportunities of communications research in the areas of smartgrid and smart metering. In particular, we focus on some of the key communications challenges for realizing interoperable and future-proof smartgrid/metering networks, smartgrid security and privacy, and how some of the existing networking technologies can be applied to energy management. Finally, we also discuss the coordinated standardization efforts in Europe to harmonize communications standards and protocols.

An Innovative Solution for Cloud Computing Authentication: Grids of EAP-TLS Smart Cards Pascal clients. This paper aims to solve this issue by proposing an innovative paradigm based on a grid of smart the scalability of this server linked to smart card grids whose distributed computation manages the concurrence

EL Program: SmartGrid Program Manager: George Arnold, Designated Goal Liaison; David Wollman, SmartGrid and Cyber-Physical Systems Program Office, Engineering Laboratory Office, x2433; Dean and power flows, and additional advancements to create a smartgrid. In response to a mandate given

Experience you can trust. The U.S. SmartGrid Revolution KEMA's Perspectives for Job Creation of Contents The U.S. SmartGrid Revolution December 23, 2008 KEMA's Perspectives for Job Creation i 1.S...............................................................................................2-1 2.2 SmartGrid Activity in the U

Developing a Test Data Set for Electric Vehicle Applications in SmartGrid Research Hossein Akhavan data set for PHEV-related research in the field of smartgrid. Our developed data set is made available, publicly available data set, smartgrid applications, experimental vehicle driving traces, state of charge

A Proposed Framework for Heuristic Approaches to Resource Allocation in the Emerging SmartGrid Tim, Anthony A. Maciejewski Abstract-As smartgrids introduce profound changes in the operation of the electric for solving the smartgrid RA (SGRA) problem using a heuristic approach such as a genetic algorithm

387 DESIGN OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR ARRAY IN SMART ELECTRIC GRID BASED ON SAW RESONATORS Yu-lin HAN1 than 1, and the sensitivity of sensor is up to 4 KHz/. Keywords: SAW; Smart electric grid; Temperature the stability of smart electric grids. Equipment and parts of the power system in urgent need of online

Secure Communication and Authentication Against Off-line Dictionary Attacks in SmartGrid Systems This paper studies the security requirements for remote authentication and communication in smartgrid to smartgrid systems. For example, in order to unlock the credentials stored in tamper

Toward Distributed Intelligent: A Case Study of Peer to Peer Communication in SmartGrid Mingkui, Raleigh, NC, USA Email: {mwei2, wwang}@ncsu.edu Abstract--Smartgrid is an emerging cyber-physical system. As a result, traditional centralized control is not always effective in smartgrid, and distributed control

Combating False Data Injection Attacks in SmartGrid Using Kalman Filter Kebina Manandhar Dept of South Florida Email: yliu@cse.usf.edu Abstract--The security of SmartGrid, being one of the very important aspects of the SmartGrid system, is studied in this paper. We first discuss different pitfalls

Review and Evaluation of Security Threats on the Communication Networks in the SmartGrid Zhuo Lu Park, NC 27709 Email: cliff.wang@us.army.mil Abstract--The smartgrid, generally referred in the smartgrid. In this paper, we aim at classifying and evaluating the security threats

On Using Cloud Platforms in a Software Architecture for Smart Energy Grids (Poster) Yogesh Simmhan utilities to provide dynamic feedback to curtail peak power load. SmartGrid infrastructure being deployed to monitor and control energy assets for their optimal use. Smart power grids, which leverage large scale

With large-scale plans to integrate renewable generation driven mainly by state-level renewable portfolio requirements, more resources will be needed to compensate for the uncertainty and variability associated with intermittent generation resources. Distributed assets can be used to mitigate the concerns associated with renewable energy resources and to keep costs down. Under such conditions, performing primary frequency control using only supply-side resources becomes not only prohibitively expensive but also technically difficult. It is therefore important to explore how a sufficient proportion of the loads could assume a routine role in primary frequency control to maintain the stability of the system at an acceptable cost. The main objective of this project is to develop a novel hierarchical distributed framework for frequency based load control. The framework involves two decision layers. The top decision layer determines the optimal gain for aggregated loads for each load bus. The gains are computed using decentralized robust control methods, and will be broadcast to the corresponding participating loads every control period. The second layer consists of a large number of heterogeneous devices, which switch probabilistically during contingencies so that aggregated power change matches the desired amount according to the most recently received gains. The simulation results show great potential to enable systematic design of demand-side primary frequency control with stability guarantees on the overall power system. The proposed design systematically accounts for the interactions between the total load response and bulk power system frequency dynamics. It also guarantees frequency stability under a wide range of time varying operating conditions. The local device-level load response rules fully respect the device constraints (such as temperature setpoint, compressor time delays of HVACs, or arrival and departure of the deferrable loads), which are crucial for implementing real load control programs. The promise of autonomous, Grid Friendly response by smart appliances in the form of under-frequency load shedding was demonstrated in the GridWise Olympic Peninsula Demonstration in 2006. Each controller monitored the power grid voltage signal and requested that electrical load be shed by its appliance whenever electric power-grid frequency fell below 59.95 Hz. The controllers and their appliances responded reliably to each shallow under-frequency event, which was an average of one event per day and shed their loads for the durations of these events. Another objective of this project was to perform extensive simulation studies to investigate the impact of a population of Grid Friendly Appliances (GFAs) on the bulk power system frequency stability. The GFAs considered in this report are represented as demonstration units with water heaters individually modeled.

Optimal Energy Storage Control Policies for the Smart Power Grid Iordanis Koutsopoulos Vassiliki Center for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Greece Abstract--Electric energy storage devices the optimal energy storage control problem from the side of the utility operator. The operator controller

is the major trend of future smartgrid, which contains various kinds of renewable power generation centers]. This distributed power generation center has made it easier to make use of all kinds of renewable energy sources as a "prosumer" (producer and consumer) [3]. It contains one or multiple kinds of renewable power generation

, either expressed or implied, of any sponsoring institution, the U.S. government or any other entity. #12 generate and use electricity. We need to develop SmartGrid systems in which distributed sustainable energy resources are fully integrated and energy consumption is efficient. Customers, i.e., con- sumers

, heterogeneous grid, locational marginal price, game theory, Nash equilibrium. I. INTRODUCTION Demand response on locational marginal prices (LMPs), which depend on parameters such as the line c appliances such as air-conditioners and water-heaters [2]. An alternative for DLC is smart pricing, where

,biedl,tmchan,alubiw,keshav,vpathak}@uwaterloo.ca 2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA elyot@mit.edu 3 University of Guelph, Guelph in Massachusetts was used less than 88 hours per year [7]. Reducing the infrastructure size is not practical since that future smartgrids would obtain (at each substation) daily "demand schedules" for appliance use from

electricity. We need to develop SmartGrid systems in which distributed sustainable energy resources are fully-1, prime sponsor DARPA under grant number FA8650-08-C-7812. The views and conclusions in this document the environmental impact of our growing energy demand creates tough new challenges in how we generate and use

Coordination of Cloud Computing and Smart Power Grids Amir-Hamed Mohsenian-Rad and Alberto Leon.mohsenian.rad, alberto.leongarcia}@utoronto.ca Abstract--The emergence of cloud computing has established a trend towards increasing the load at locations where they are built. However, data centers and cloud computing also provide

for autonomous demand side management within one house. The DRS devices are able to sense and control the peak energy consumption or demand. We assume that several appliances within one building access to oneSmoothing the Energy Consumption: Peak Demand Reduction in SmartGrid Shaojie Tang , Qiuyuan Huang

The intersection of technology and economics is where all the SmartGrid benefits arise. If we do one without the other, then utilities and consumers hardly see any enduring benefit at all and the investment made in the underlying infrastructure justified on the basis of those benefits is wasted. (author)

SmartGrid Â­ The New and Improved Power Grid: A Survey Xi Fang, Student Member, IEEE, Satyajayant--The SmartGrid, regarded as the next generation power grid, uses two-way flows of electricity the literature till 2011 on the enabling technologies for the SmartGrid. We explore three major systems, namely

A fuel cell power plant, which utilizes a smart energy management and control (SEMaC) system, supplying the power need of laboratory based ''home'' has been purchased and installed. The ''home'' consists of two rooms, each approximately 250 sq. ft. Every appliance and power outlet is under the control of a host computer, running the SEMaC software package. It is possible to override the computer, in the event that an appliance or power outage is required. Detailed analysis and simulation of the fuel cell operated smart home has been performed. Two journal papers has been accepted for publication and another journal paper is under review. Three theses have been completed and three additional theses are in progress.

The increasing availability of distributed energy resources (DERs) and sensors in smartgrid, as well as overlaying communication network, provides substantial potential benefits for improving the power system's reliability. In this paper, the problem of sensor selection is studied for the MAC layer design of wireless sensor networks for regulating the voltages in smartgrid. The framework of hybrid dynamical system is proposed, using Kalman filter for voltage state estimation and LQR feedback control for voltage adjustment. The approach to obtain the optimal sensor selection sequence is studied. A sub- optimal sequence is obtained by applying the sliding window algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed sensor selection strategy achieves a 40% performance gain over the baseline algorithm of the round-robin sensor polling.

Electric transmission lines are the lifeline of the electric utility industry, delivering its product from source to consumer. This critical infrastructure is often constrained such that there is inadequate capacity on existing transmission lines to efficiently deliver the power to meet demand in certain areas or to transport energy from high-generation areas to high-consumption regions. When this happens, the cost of the energy rises; more costly sources of power are used to meet the demand or the system operates less reliably. These economic impacts are known as congestion, and they can amount to substantial dollars for any time frame of reference: hour, day or year. There are several solutions to the transmission constraint problem, including: construction of new generation, construction of new transmission facilities, rebuilding and reconductoring of existing transmission assets, and Dynamic Line Rating (DLR). All of these options except DLR are capital intensive, have long lead times and often experience strong public and regulatory opposition. The SmartGrid Demonstration Program (SGDP) project co-funded by the Department of Energy (DOE) and Oncor Electric Delivery Company developed and deployed the most extensive and advanced DLR installation to demonstrate that DLR technology is capable of resolving many transmission capacity constraint problems with a system that is reliable, safe and very cost competitive. The SGDP DLR deployment is the first application of DLR technology to feed transmission line real-time dynamic ratings directly into the system operations State Estimator and load dispatch program, which optimizes the matching of generation with load demand on a security, reliability and economic basis. The integrated Dynamic Line Rating (iDLR)1 collects transmission line parameters at remote locations on the lines, calculates the real-time line rating based on the equivalent conductor temperature, ambient temperature and influence of wind and solar radiation on the stringing section, transmits the data to the Transmission Energy Management System, validates its integrity and passes it on to Oncor and ERCOT (Electric Reliability Council of Texas) respective system operations. The iDLR system is automatic and transparent to ERCOT System Operations, i.e., it operates in parallel with all other system status telemetry collected through Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) employed across the company.

The SmartGrid has come to describe a next-generation electrical power system that is typified by the increased use of communications and information technology in the generation, delivery and consumption of electrical energy. Much of the present SmartGrid analysis focuses on utility and consumer interaction. i.e. smart appliances, home automation systems, rate structures, consumer demand response, etc. An identified need is to assess the upstream and midstream operations of natural gas as a result of the smartgrid. The nature of SmartGrid, including the demand response and role of information, may require changes in upstream and midstream natural gas operations to ensure availability and efficiency. Utility reliance on natural gas will continue and likely increase, given the backup requirements for intermittent renewable energy sources. Efficient generation and delivery of electricity on SmartGrid could affect how natural gas is utilized. Things that we already know about SmartGrid are: (1) The role of information and data integrity is increasingly important. (2) SmartGrid includes a fully distributed system with two-way communication. (3) SmartGrid, a complex network, may change the way energy is supplied, stored, and in demand. (4) SmartGrid has evolved through consumer driven decisions. (5) SmartGrid and the US critical infrastructure will include many intermittent renewables.

The increased need to manage California?s electricity grid in real time is a result of the ongoing transition from a system operated by vertically-integrated utilities serving native loads to one operated by an independent system operator supporting competitive energy markets. During this transition period, the traditional approach to reliability management -- construction of new transmission lines -- has not been pursued due to unresolved issues related to the financing and recovery of transmission project costs. In the absence of investments in new transmission infrastructure, the best strategy for managing reliability is to equip system operators with better real-time information about actual operating margins so that they can better understand and manage the risk of operating closer to the edge. A companion strategy is to address known deficiencies in offline modeling tools that are needed to ground the use of improved real-time tools. This project: (1) developed and conducted first-ever demonstrations of two prototype real-time software tools for voltage security assessment and phasor monitoring; and (2) prepared a scoping study on improving load and generator response models. Additional funding through two separate subsequent work authorizations has already been provided to build upon the work initiated in this project.

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At present, the "SmartGrid" has emerged as one of the best advanced energy supply chains. This paper looks into the security system of smartgrid via the smart planet system. The scope focused on information security criteria that impact on consumer trust and satisfaction. The importance of information security criteria is perceived as the main aspect to impact on customer trust throughout the entire smartgrid system. On one hand, this paper also focuses on the selection of the model for developing information security criteria on a smartgrid.

1 Efficient and Secure Wireless Communications for Advanced Metering Infrastructure in SmartGrids metering infrastructure (AMI) [3] is a key task in smartgrid [6] [4]. In such a system, each power user is equipped with a smart meter with the capability of two- way communications, which can monitor the power

A Distortion-Theoretic Perspective for Redundant Metering Security in a SmartGrid Mustafa El--In a smartgrid environment some customers employ third-party meters and terminals for integrity verification of the smart meter power measurements reported by the electric utility company. We address the security issues

meter. All smart meters are connected to not only the power grid but also a communication infrastructure. This allows two-way communication among smart meters and the utility company. We analytically model each user1 Advanced Demand Side Management for the Future SmartGrid Using Mechanism Design Pedram Samadi

Faculty Position in Smart-Grid Technologies and Power Systems Department of Electronics Carleton-track) appointment in the area of smartgrid technology and power systems at the rank of Assistant, Associate or Full with an electrical power background to complement our existing strengths and build the stream of "smart technologies

1 Towards a Secure, Wireless-Based, Home Area Network for Metering in SmartGrids Vinod Namboodiri and the consumer. This work takes a comprehensive look at wireless security in the smart meter-based home, Student Member, IEEE, Ward Jewell, Fellow, IEEE Abstract--Compared to the conventional grid, the smart

, different media may be appropriate in different circumstances. For example, smart appliances in the home can1 SmartGrid Communication and Co-Simulation Vincenzo Liberatore, Member, IEEE Computer, Ahmad Al-Hammouri Abstract--The smart power grid will extensively rely on networked control to increase efficiency

This document provides information for a report to congress on SmartGrid security as required by Section 1309 of Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. The security of any future SmartGrid is dependent on successfully addressing the cyber security issues associated with the nations current power grid. SmartGrid will utilize numerous legacy systems and technologies that are currently installed. Therefore, known vulnerabilities in these legacy systems must be remediated and associated risks mitigated in order to increase the security and success of the SmartGrid. The implementation of SmartGrid will include the deployment of many new technologies and multiple communication infrastructures. This report describes the main technologies that support SmartGrid and summarizes the status of implementation into the existing U.S. electrical infrastructure.

assumptions is presented. When a smartgrid investment is proposed, reliability improvement is one of the most for investments in smartgrid technology. Although reliability undoubtedly improves under most smartgrid outage cost estimates to a smartgrid investment opportunity. This work was supported in part by the U

VOLLTRON platform enables the deployment of intelligent sensors and controllers in the smartgrid and provides a stable, secure and flexible framework that expands the sensing and control capabilities. VOLTTRON platform provides services fulfilling the essential requirements of resource management and security for agent operation in the power grid. The facilities provided by the platform allow agent developers to focus on the implementation of their agent system and not on the necessary "plumbing' code. For example, a simple collaborative demand response application was written in less than 200 lines of Python.

This paper investigates economic benefits of smartgrid automation investments. A system consisting of 7 substations and 14 feeders is used in the evaluation. Here benefits that can be quantified in terms of dollar savings are considered, termed hard dollar benefits. SmartGrid investment evaluations to be considered include investments in improved efficiency, more cost effective use of existing system capacity with automated switches, and coordinated control of capacitor banks and voltage regulators. These SmartGrid evaluations are sequentially ordered, resulting in a series of incremental hard dollar benefits. Hard dollar benefits come from improved efficiency, delaying large capital equipmentmore »investments, shortened storm restoration times, and reduced customer energy use. Analyses used in the evaluation involve hourly power flow analysis over multiple years and Monte Carlo simulations of switching operations during storms using a reconfiguration for restoration algorithm. The economic analysis uses the time varying value of the Locational Marginal Price. Algorithms used include reconfiguration for restoration involving either manual or automated switches and coordinated control involving two modes of control. Field validations of phase balancing and capacitor design results are presented. The evaluation shows that investments in automation can improve performance while at the same time lowering costs.« less

This paper investigates economic benefits of smartgrid automation investments. A system consisting of 7 substations and 14 feeders is used in the evaluation. Here benefits that can be quantified in terms of dollar savings are considered, termed hard dollar benefits. SmartGrid investment evaluations to be considered include investments in improved efficiency, more cost effective use of existing system capacity with automated switches, and coordinated control of capacitor banks and voltage regulators. These SmartGrid evaluations are sequentially ordered, resulting in a series of incremental hard dollar benefits. Hard dollar benefits come from improved efficiency, delaying large capital equipment investments, shortened storm restoration times, and reduced customer energy use. Analyses used in the evaluation involve hourly power flow analysis over multiple years and Monte Carlo simulations of switching operations during storms using a reconfiguration for restoration algorithm. The economic analysis uses the time varying value of the Locational Marginal Price. Algorithms used include reconfiguration for restoration involving either manual or automated switches and coordinated control involving two modes of control. Field validations of phase balancing and capacitor design results are presented. The evaluation shows that investments in automation can improve performance while at the same time lowering costs.

Security becomes an extremely important issue in smartgrid. To maintain the steady operation for smart power grid, massive measurement devices must be allocated widely among the power grid. Previous studies are focused on false data injection attack to the smartgrid system. In practice, false data injection attack is not easy to implement, since it is not easy to hack the power grid data communication system. In this paper, we demonstrate that a novel time stamp attack is a practical and dangerous attack scheme for smartgrid. Since most of measurement devices are equipped with global positioning system (GPS) to provide the time information of measurements, it is highly probable to attack the measurement system by spoofing the GPS. By employing the real measurement data in North American Power Grid, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the time stamp attack on smartgrid.

from the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), and support from EPRI, NSF, and ORNL for parts electrical energy infrastructure ­ Transforming the Network into a SmartGrid ­ Developing an Expanded and Using Alternative Transportation Fuels · Greening the electric power supply ­ Expanding the Use

ForReview Only 1 Electric Vehicle Charging in SmartGrid: Optimality and Valley-filling Algorithms infrastructure cost. On the other hand, we can adopt a "smartgrid" solution, which allows EVs to communicate and unacceptable voltage variation that overload the power grid [1]. To tackle this problem, we may increase

The smart power grid aims at harnessing information and communication technologies to enhance reliability and enforce sensible use of energy. Its realization is geared by the fundamental goal of effective management of demand load. In this work, we envision a scenario with real-time communication between the operator and consumers. The grid operator controller receives requests for power demands from consumers, with different power requirement, duration, and a deadline by which it is to be completed. The objective is to devise a power demand task scheduling policy that minimizes the grid operational cost over a time horizon. The operational cost is a convex function of instantaneous power consumption and reflects the fact that each additional unit of power needed to serve demands is more expensive as demand load increases.First, we study the off-line demand scheduling problem, where parameters are fixed and known. Next, we devise a stochastic model for the case when demands are generated continually and sched...

of SmartGrid Technologies and Progresses in Europe and the U.S. Marcelo Godoy SimÃµes, Senior Member, IEEE the electric power grid. The U.S. federal government has ratified the "smartgrid initiative" as the official. This paper presents the development of smartgrids and an analysis of the methodologies, milestones

FOR SMARTGRID COMMUNICATIONS Daojing He, Chun Chen, and Jiajun Bu, Zhejiang University Sammy Chan, City University Secure Service Provision in SmartGrid Communications INTRODUCTION An increasing demand grids. As the world's largest engineered system, the smartgrid will expand the current capabilities

Real power injections at loads and generators, and real power flows on selected lines in a transmission network are monitored, transmitted over a SCADA network to the system operator, and used in state estimation algorithms to make dispatch, re-balance and other energy management system [EMS] decisions. Coordinated cyber attacks of power meter readings can be arranged to be undetectable by any bad data detection algorithm. These unobservable attacks present a serious threat to grid operations. Of particular interest are sparse attacks that involve the compromise of a modest number of meter readings. An efficient algorithm to find all unobservable attacks [under standard DC load flow approximations] involving the compromise of exactly two power injection meters and an arbitrary number of power meters on lines is presented. This requires O(n2m) flops for a power system with n buses and m line meters. If all lines are metered, there exist canonical forms that characterize all 3, 4, and 5-sparse unobservable attacks. These can be quickly detected in power systems using standard graph algorithms. Known secure phase measurement units [PMUs] can be used as countermeasures against an arbitrary collection of cyber attacks. Finding the minimum number of necessary PMUs is NP-hard. It is shown that p + 1 PMUs at carefully chosen buses are sufficient to neutralize a collection of p cyber attacks.

This report addresses the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) organizations desire to minimize the learning time required to understand the implications of smart-grid concepts so APEC members can advance their thinking in a timely manner and advance strategies regarding smart approaches that can help meet their environmental-sustainability and energy-efficiency policy goals. As significant investments are needed to grow and maintain the electricity infrastructure, consideration needs to be given to how information and communications technologies can be applied to electricity infrastructure decisions that not only meet traditional needs for basic service and reliability, but also provide the flexibility for a changing the mix of generation sources with sensitivity to environmental and societal impacts.

 In 2013, AEP Ohio (AEP) operated a 5-minute real-time price (RTP) electricity market system on 4 distribution feeders as part of their gridSMART® demonstration project. The RTP households were billed for their electricity usage according to an RTP tariff approved by the Public Utility Commission of Ohio. They were given the incentive that their annual bill would be no greater than if they were on the flat-rate tariff, but they had financial incentives to shift consumption from high price periods to low price periods. Incentives were also available for response under high prices from local events, such as reaching the distribution feeder capacity or a critical peak pricing event. An analysis of this transactive system experiment was completed in early 2014. This paper describes the incentive provided to the customer, the nature of their interaction with the smart thermostat that provided automated response to the transactive signal, and their level of satisfaction with the program.

stochastic behaviour, which necessitates for a change in the the management of the grid Slootweg et al., 2011 statedthe increase in decentralised active loads such as, micro Combined Heat and Power (µCHP), Electrical-vehicles, heat pumps which can... of uncertainty within Smart Energy Systems by applying offices as LVPP with different types of energy storage on different systems levels, connecting energy demand and supply within offices (nano Grid) with micro Grid (field or street) and public SmartGrid...

This paper proposes a distributed framework for demand response and user adaptation in smartgrid networks. In particular, we borrow the concept of congestion pricing in Internet traffic control and show that pricing information is very useful to regulate user demand and hence balance network load. User preference is modeled as a willingness to pay parameter which can be seen as an indicator of differential quality of service. Both analysis and simulation results are presented to demonstrate the dynamics and convergence behavior of the algorithm.

This document is one of a series of reports estimating the benefits of deploying technologies similar to those implemented on the SmartGrid Investment Grant (SGIG) projects. Four technical reports cover the various types of technologies deployed in the SGIG projects, distribution automation, demand response, energy storage, and renewables integration. A fifth report in the series examines the benefits of deploying these technologies on a national level. This technical report examines the impacts of a limited number of demand response technologies and implementations deployed in the SGIG projects.

IT applications to be developed to protect and optimize power grid operations. Demand response (DR) is one efficient and reliable management of electrical power systems and optimizing the operations of its such emerging application to optimize electricity demand by curtailing/shifting power load when peak load oc

Capacity Analysis of a Wireless Backhaul for Metering in the SmartGrid Babak Karimi and Vinod. With the introduction of AMI technology, two-way communication between a smart meter (SM) and the control center, as well as between the smart meter and customer loads would be facilitated for demand response, dynamic

Secure Demand Shaping for SmartGrid On constructing probabilistic demand response schemes. Developing novel schemes for demand response in smart electric gird is an increasingly active research area/SCADA for demand response in smart infrastructures face the following dilemma: On one hand, in order to increase

Modernization of the electric power system in the United States is driven by the SmartGrid Initiative. Many changes are planned in the coming years to the distribution side of the U.S. electricity delivery infrastructure to embody the idea of ''smart distribution systems.'' However, no functional or technical definition of a smart distribution system has yet been accepted by all. (author)

The future looks bright for solar and renewable energies in the United States. Recent studies claim that by 2050, solar power could supply a third of all electricity demand in the countrys western states. Technology advances, soft policy changes, and increased energy consciousness will all have to happen to achieve this goal. But the larger question is, what would it take to do more throughout the United States? The studies tie future solar and renewable growth in the United States to programs that aim to lower the soft costs of solar adoption, streamline utility interconnections, and increase technology advances through research and development. At the state and local levels, the most important steps are:  Net metering: Net metering policies lets customers offset their electric bills with onsite solar and receive reliable and fair compensation for the excess electricity they provide to the grid. Not surprisingly, what utilities consider fair is not necessarily a rate thats favorable to solar customers.  Renewable portfolio standards (RPS): RPS policies require utilities to provide a certain amount of their power from renewable sources; some set specific targets for solar and other renewables. Californias aggressive RPS1 of 33% renewable energy by 2020 is not bankrupting the state, or its residents.  Strong statewide interconnection policies: Solar projects can experience significant delays and hassles just to get connected to the grid. Streamlined feasibility and impact analysis are needed. Good interconnection policies are crucial to the success of solar or renewable energy development.  Financing options: Financing is often the biggest obstacle to solar adoption. Those obstacles can be surmounted with policies that support creative financing options like third-party ownership (TPO) and property assessed clean energy (PACE). Attesting to the significance of TPO is the fact that in Arizona, it accounted for 86% of all residential photovoltaic (PV) installations in Q1 20132. Policies beyond those at the state level are also important for solar. The federal government must play a role including continuation of the federal Investment tax credit,3 responsible development of solar resources on public lands, and support for research and development (R&D) to reduce the cost of solar and help incorporate large amounts of solar into the grid. The local level cant be ignored. Local governments should support: solar rights laws, feed-in tariffs (FITs), and solar-friendly zoning rules. A great example of how effective local policies can be is a city like Gainesville, Florida4, whose FIT policy has put it on the map as a solar leader. This is particularly noteworthy because the Sunshine State does not appear anywhere on the list of top solar states, despite its abundant solar resource. Lancaster, California5, began by streamlining the solar permitting process and now requires solar on every new home. Cities like these point to the power of local policies, and the ability of local governments to get things done. A conspicuously absent policy is Community Choice energy6, also called community choice aggregation (CCA). This model allows local governments to pool residential, business, and municipal electricity loads and to purchase or generate on their behalf. It provides rate stability and savings and allows more consumer choice and local control. The model need not be focused on clean energy, but it has been in California, where Marin Clean Energy7, the first CCA in California, was enabled by a state law -- highlighting the interplay of state and local action. Basic net metering8 has been getting a lot of attention. Utilities are attacking it9 in a number of states, claiming its unfair to ratepayers who dont go solar. On the other hand, proponents of net metering say utilities fighting stance is driven by worries about their bottom line, not concern for their customers. Studies in California10, Vermont11, New York12, and Texas13 have found that the benefits of net metering (like savings on investments

Fuel cell power generation promises to be an efficient, pollution-free, reliable power source in both large scale and small scale, remote applications. DOE formed the Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance with the intention of breaking one of the last barriers remaining for cost effective fuel cell power generation. The Alliances goal is to produce a core solid-state fuel cell module at a cost of no more than $400 per kilowatt and ready for commercial application by 2010. With their inherently high, 60-70% conversion efficiencies, significantly reduced carbon dioxide emissions, and negligible emissions of other pollutants, fuel cells will be the obvious choice for a broad variety of commercial and residential applications when their cost effectiveness is improved. In a research program funded by the Department of Energy, the research team has been investigating smart fuel cell-operated residential micro-grid communities. This research has focused on using smart control systems in conjunction with fuel cell power plants, with the goal to reduce energy consumption, reduce demand peaks and still meet the energy requirements of any household in a micro-grid community environment. In Phases I and II, a SEMaC was developed and extended to a micro-grid community. In addition, an optimal configuration was determined for a single fuel cell power plant supplying power to a ten-home micro-grid community. In Phase III, the plan is to expand this work to fuel cell based micro-grid connected neighborhoods (mini-grid). The economic implications of hydrogen cogeneration will be investigated. These efforts are consistent with DOEs mission to decentralize domestic electric power generation and to accelerate the onset of the hydrogen economy. A major challenge facing the routine implementation and use of a fuel cell based mini-grid is the varying electrical demand of the individual micro-grids, and, therefore, analyzing these issues is vital. Efforts are needed to determine the most appropriate means of implementing micro-grids and the costs and processes involved with their extended operation. With the development and availability of fuel cell based stand-alone power plants, an electrical mini-grid, encompassing several connected residential neighborhoods, has become a viable concept. A primary objective of this project is to define the parameters of an economically efficient fuel cell based mini-grid. Since pure hydrogen is not economically available in sufficient quantities at the present time, the use of reforming technology to produce and store excess hydrogen will also be investigated. From a broader perspective, the factors that bear upon the feasibility of fuel cell based micro-grid connected neighborhoods are similar to those pertaining to the electrification of a small town with a localized power generating station containing several conventional generating units. In the conventional case, the town or locality would also be connected to the larger grid system of the utility company. Therefore, in the case of the fuel cell based micro-grid connected neighborhoods, this option should also be available. The objectives of this research project are: To demonstrate that smart energy management of a fuel cell based micro-grid connected neighborhood can be efficient and cost-effective;To define the most economical micro-grid configuration; and, To determine how residential micro-grid connected fuel cell(s) can contribute to America's hydrogen energy future.

Fast and accurate unveiling of power line outages is of paramount importance not only for preventing faults that may lead to blackouts, but also for routine monitoring and control tasks of the smartgrid, including state estimation and optimal power flow. Existing approaches are either challenged by the \\emph{combinatorial complexity} issues involved, and are thus limited to identifying single- and double-line outages; or, they invoke less pragmatic assumptions such as \\emph{conditionally independent} phasor angle measurements available across the grid. Using only a subset of voltage phasor angle data, the present paper develops a near real-time algorithm for identifying multiple line outages at the affordable complexity of solving a quadratic program via block coordinate descent iterations. The novel approach relies on reformulating the DC linear power flow model as a \\emph{sparse} overcomplete expansion, and leveraging contemporary advances in compressive sampling and variable selection using the least-abso...

1 Integrated Retail and Wholesale Power System Operation with Smart-Grid Functionality Dionysios of retail and wholesale power markets operating over transmission and distribution networks with smart-grid functionality. This test bed seams together two existing test beds, the AMES Wholesale Power Market Test Bed

BLOOM FILTER BASED INTRUSION DETECTION FOR SMARTGRID SCADA Saranya Parthasarathy and Deepa Kundur for implementation across multiple resource constrained SCADA field devices in the smartgrid. The predictable and regular nature of the SCADA communication patterns is exploited to detect intrusions in the field devices

SmartSolarGrid Deciding what to do with Solar Energy production Diogo Morgado and Paulo Ferreira. Solar energy has been subject of great development in the past years, which led to the concept of Solar, Solar energy, Solar road, Smart- SolarGrid 1 Introduction Mankind is facing a threat from the effects

of a real-time two-way communication system. This is called demand-side management (DSM) [2]. Among DSMDemand Response Design based on a Stackelberg Game in SmartGrid Sung-Guk Yoon, Young-June Choi- time demand response can be applied. A smartgrid network consisting of one retailer and many customers

of customers in the management of demand, and renewable energy supply, is a critical goal of the SmartGrid on offering customers financial incentives through variable-price tariffs; we also contribute an ef- fective the past decade (Str- bac 2008). SmartGrid customers are steadily acquiring dis- tributed renewable

, protects, and automatically optimizes the operation of its interconnected elements..."5 , while the Federal-grid.html. Accessed April 2012 2 Troxell, Wade O. "SmartGrid: Transforming the US Power Grid." Powerpoint do we need it? The United States electrical grid, consisting of over 5,000 power plants, over 200

Traditionally, most consumers of electricity pay for their consumptions according to a fixed rate. With the ad- vancement of SmartGrid technologies, large-scale implementation of variable-rate metering becomes more practical. As a result, consumers will be able to control their electricity consumption in an automated fashion, where one possible scheme is to have each individual maximize their own utility as a noncooperative game. In this paper, noncooperative games are formulated among the electricity consumers in SmartGrid with two real-time pricing schemes, where the Nash equilibrium operation points are investigated for their uniqueness and load balancing properties. The first pricing scheme charges a price according to the average cost of electricity borne by the retailer and the second one charges according to a time-variant increasing-block price, where for each scheme, a zero-revenue model and a constant-rate revenue model are considered. In addition, the relationship between the studied games and ce...

1 Abstract--SmartGrid technology appears necessary to succeed in activating the demand through recommendations regarding the instruments that should be implemented to maximize the benefits of smartgrids by the European Union. The development of smartgrids (SG) is a possible solution for achieving these goals [1

JOURNAL OF LATEX CLASS FILES, VOL. 6, NO. 1, JANUARY 2007 1 Service-Orientation and the SmartGrid and the advantages brought by Service-Oriented Architectures. Index Terms--SmartGrid, Electricity Distribution is receiving growing attention, that is the concepts falling under the name of the SmartGrid. The challenges

in SmartGrid: Modeling and Analysis for Time Critical Communications Yi Xu, Member, IEEE, and Wenye Wang, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract--Communication networks are an indispensable com- ponent in the smartgrid that are located distributively in the grid. In particular, wireless networks will be deployed widely in the smart

1 Standards-enabled SmartGrid for the Future EnergyWeb Valeriy Vyatkin, Senior Member, IEEE for the SmartGrid is proposed which combines two recently developed industrial standards. The utility network that can be created using interoperable SmartGrid devices. Using Matlab-based simulation environment we

planning [1]. Two key features in the global vision of smartgrid [2] are self-healing from powerIEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMARTGRID, VOL. 1, NO. 2, SEPTEMBER 2010 213 Automated Load Curve Data of valid load curve data is critical for supporting decision making in a smartgrid system. For example

planning and conservation. These experiments are part of the Los Angeles SmartGrid Demonstration ProjectMachine Learning for Demand Forecasting in SmartGrid Saima Aman, Wei Yin, Yogesh Simmhan of AMIs and data collection in a SmartGrid environment means that all applications, including demand

The IEEE American National Standards smartgrid publications and standards development projects IEEE 2030, which addresses smartgrid interoperability, and IEEE 1547TM, which addresses distributed resources interconnection with the grid, have made substantial progress since 2009. The IEEE 2030TM and 1547 standards series focus on systems-level aspects and cover many of the technical integration issues involved in a mature smartgrid. The status and highlights of these two IEEE series of standards, which are sponsored by IEEE Standards Coordinating Committee 21 (SCC21), are provided in this paper.

Many operations in power grids, such as fault detection and event location estimation, depend on precise timing information. In this paper, a novel time stamp attack (TSA) is proposed to attack the timing information in smartgrid. Since many applications in smartgrid utilize synchronous measurements and most of the measurement devices are equipped with global positioning system (GPS) for precise timing, it is highly probable to attack the measurement system by spoofing the GPS. The effectiveness of TSA is demonstrated for three applications of phasor measurement unit (PMU) in smartgrid, namely transmission line fault detection, voltage stability monitoring and event locationing.

Many operations in power grids, such as fault detection and event location estimation, depend on precise timing information. In this paper, a novel Time Synchronization Attack (TSA) is proposed to attack the timing information in smartgrid. Since many applications in smartgrid utilize synchronous measurements and most of the measurement devices are equipped with global positioning system (GPS) for precise timing, it is highly probable to attack the measurement system by spoofing the GPS. The effectiveness of TSA is demonstrated for three applications of phasor measurement unit (PMU) in smartgrid, namely transmission line fault detection, voltage stability monitoring and event locationing. The validity of TSA is demonstrated by numerical simulations.

The important backbone of the smartgrid is the cyber/information infrastructure, which is primarily used to communicate with different grid components. A smartgrid is a complex cyber physical system containing a numerous and variety number of sources, devices, controllers and loads. Therefore, the smartgrid is vulnerable to grid related disturbances. For such dynamic system, disturbance and intrusion detection is a paramount issue. This paper presents a Simulink and Opnet based co-simulated platform to carry out a cyber-intrusion in cyber network for modern power systems and the smartgrid. The IEEE 30 bus power system model is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the simulated testbed. The experiments were performed by disturbing the circuit breakers reclosing time through a cyber-attack. Different disturbance situations in the considered test system are considered and the results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed co-simulated scheme.

Presentationgiven at the Federal Utility Partnership Working Group (FUPWG) Fall 2008 meetingcovers Southern Company's business continuity, North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) cybersecurity, and homeland security as well as physical recovery after a major outage, and five questions to ask your local utility.

Calls to improve customer participation as a key element of smartgrids have reinvigorated interest in demand-side features such as distributed generation, on-site storage and demand response. In the context of deregulated ...

We model smartgrids as complex interdependent networks, and study targeted attacks on smartgrids for the first time. A smartgrid consists of two networks: the power network and the communication network, interconnected by edges. Occurrence of failures (attacks) in one network triggers failures in the other network, and propagates in cascades across the networks. Such cascading failures can result in disintegration of either (or both) of the networks. Earlier works considered only random failures. In practical situations, an attacker is more likely to compromise nodes selectively. We study cascading failures in smartgrids, where an attacker selectively compromises the nodes with probabilities proportional to their degrees; high degree nodes are compromised with higher probability. We mathematically analyze the sizes of the giant components of the networks under targeted attacks, and compare the results with the corresponding sizes under random attacks. We show that networks disintegrate faster for targeted...

Power line communication (PLC) has received steady interest over recent decades because of its economic use of existing power lines, and is one of the communication technologies envisaged for SmartGrid (SG) infrastructure. However, power lines...

The goal of this thesis is to develop a distributed control system for a smartgrid with sustainable homes. A central challenge is how to enhance energy efficiency in the presence of uncertainty. A major source of uncertainty ...

This thesis explores business opportunities in the "smartgrid" environment for the Power Electronics Global Product Group (PE GPG) of ABB, Ltd. The goal of this thesis is three-fold: 1) Provide a detailed definition of ...

, Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), Communications, Smart Meter, Capacity. I. INTRODUCTION THE need1 On the Capacity of a Wireless Backhaul for the Distribution Level of the SmartGrid Babak Karimi distribution. The advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is one such application scenario where bidirectional

national efforts to develop the next-generation electric power system, commonly referred to as the SmartDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh NC 27606, US. Abstract The SmartGrid, generally referred to as the next-generation power system, is considered as a revolutionary

, demand-side management, to name a few. A big challenge for smartgrid application scenarios issue of how to communicate and handle consumer data collected by electric utilities and manage limited center, as well as between the smart meter and consumer appliances, would be facilitated for demand

The emergence of synchronization in a network of coupled oscillators is a fascinating topic in various scientific disciplines. A coupled oscillator network is characterized by a population of heterogeneous oscillators and a graph describing the interaction among them. It is known that a strongly coupled and sufficiently homogeneous network synchronizes, but the exact threshold from incoherence to synchrony is unknown. Here we present a novel, concise, and closed-form condition for synchronization of the fully nonlinear, non-equilibrium, and dynamic network. Our synchronization condition can be stated elegantly in terms of the network topology and parameters, or equivalently in terms of an intuitive, linear, and static auxiliary system. Our results significantly improve upon the existing conditions advocated thus far, they are provably exact for various interesting network topologies and parameters, they are statistically correct for almost all networks, and they can be applied equally to synchronization phenomena arising in physics and biology as well as in engineered oscillator networks such as electric power networks. We illustrate the validity, the accuracy, and the practical applicability of our results in complex networks scenarios and in smartgrid applications.

The emergence of synchronization in a network of coupled oscillators is a fascinating topic in various scientific disciplines. A coupled oscillator network is characterized by a population of heterogeneous oscillators and a graph describing the interaction among them. It is known that a strongly coupled and sufficiently homogeneous network synchronizes, but the exact threshold from incoherence to synchrony is unknown. Here we present a novel, concise, and closed-form condition for synchronization of the fully nonlinear, non-equilibrium, and dynamic network. Our synchronization condition can be stated elegantly in terms of the network topology and parameters, or equivalently in terms of an intuitive, linear, and static auxiliary system. Our results significantly improve upon the existing conditions advocated thus far, they are provably exact for various interesting network topologies and parameters, they are statistically correct for almost all networks, and they can be applied equally to synchronization phenomena arising in physics and biology as well as in engineered oscillator networks such as electric power networks. We illustrate the validity, the accuracy, and the practical applicability of our results in complex networks scenarios and in smartgrid applications.

Oak Ridge, USA. Abstract--With smartgrid integration, there is a need to characterize reliability With the integration of SmartGrid (SG) technology into the bulk power system, the issue of reliability of the system Integration of SmartGrid," has emphasized all the existing devices and systems such as Phasor Measuring Units

risk analysis can be defined as "the process of identifying the risks to system security and deSecurity Games and Risk Minimization for Automatic Generation Control in SmartGrid Yee Wei Law control, security games 1 Introduction A power grid is a critical infrastucture that must be protected

Management of a SmartGrid with Controlled-Delivery of Discrete Power Levels Roberto Rojas an architecture of the controlled-delivery power grid and analyze a management scheme for the distribution properties for the distribution of electrical power: perpetually energized and with discretionary access

energy-based electric power pro- duction to decrease dependence on foreign oil, increased use of electric vehicles and upgrading the aging electricity infrastructure for more efficient grid operations are only if the communications infrastructure is insecure and vulnerable to cyber attacks. Currently, smartgrid research focuses

that if an adversary has complete knowledge on the power grid topology and transmission-line admittance values, he can Injection Attack, SmartGrid Security, Incomplete Information, Transmission Line Admittance Uncer- tainty- abilities in power infrastructures if they are not accompanied with appropriate security enforcements

to be implemented in various magnitudes across utilities in the near future. To accommodate these technologies significant changes will have to be incorporated in building design construction and planning. This research paper attempts to evaluate public utility... for implementing a comprehensive smartgrid system are extensive. Smartgrid hardware and software technologies are in the evolving stage and returns on smartgrid investments are uncertain. 1.2 NEED FOR RESEARCH The transformation of the electric system...

Smartgrid, equipped with modern communication infrastructures, is subject to possible cyber attacks. Particularly, false report attacks which replace the sensor reports with fraud ones may cause the instability of the whole power grid or even result in a large area blackout. In this paper, a trustiness system is introduced to the controller, who computes the trustiness of different sensors by comparing its prediction, obtained from Kalman filtering, on the system state with the reports from sensor. The trustiness mechanism is discussed and analyzed for the Linear Quadratic Regulation (LQR) controller. Numerical simulations show that the trustiness system can effectively combat the cyber attacks to smartgrid.

-- The smartgrid paradigm is set to revolutionize electrical energy delivery over the next two decades will be large. The probable structure of the smart power grid is reviewed and contrasted with that of the traditional grid. The requirements of the communications component of the smartgrid are outlined

and demonstrate how existence of the switching vulnerability is dependent on the local structure of the power grid. We identify and demonstrate how through successful cyber intrusion and local knowledge of the grid an opponent can compute and apply a coordinated... providing opponent(s) opportunities for remotely controlling physical power system components such as modern circuit breakers possibly via illicit security breaches and intrusion. Thus, our vulnerability is applicable to a smartgrid system with remotely...