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"In order to know what Man is, we ought to know what Man has been."
PROF. MAX MÜLLER.

REVISED EDITION.

BOSTON:
UNIVERSALIST PUBLISHING HOUSE,
37 Cornhill ,
1877.

Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1875, by
J. P. MACLEAN,

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.

PREFACE.

In lecturing upon the Antiquity of Man I have found the minds of the
people prepared to receive the evidences, and ready to believe the
conclusions of the geologists. I have felt the need of a popular work to
place in the hands of the public, that would be both instructive and
welcome. The works of Lyell and Lubbock are too elaborate and too
expensive to meet the popular need. My object has been to give an
outline of the subject sufficient to afford a reasonable acquaintance
with the facts connected with the new science, to such as desire the
information but cannot pursue it further, and to serve as a manual for
those who intend to become more proficient.

As the Unity of Language and the Unity of the Race are so closely
connected with the subject, I have added the two chapters on these
questions, hoping they will be acceptable to the reader. It was my
intention to have written a more extended chapter on the relation of the
Holy Scriptures to this subject, but was forced to condense, as I had
done in other chapters, in order not to transcend the proposed limits of
the book.

In the preparation of this work I have freely used Lyell's "Antiquity of
Man" and "Principles of Geology," Lubbock's "Pre Historic Times,"
Buchner's "Man in the Past, Present, and Future," Figuier's "Primitive
Man," Wilson's "Pre Historic Man," Keller's "Lake Dwellings," the works
of Charles Darwin, Dana's "Manual of Geology," Huxley's "Man's Place in
Nature," Prichard's "Natural History of Man," Pouchet's "Plurality of
the Human Race," and others, referred to in the margins.

I am indebted to my friend, Mr. Frank Cushing, for the ideal restoration
of the Neanderthal Man. The engraving was made especially for this work.
The references to Buchner are from his work entitled, "Man in the Past,
Present and Future."

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

INTRODUCTION.
PAGE
Interest in the subject Influence of Lyell Usher's
Chronology Aimé Boué first to proclaim the high antiquity
of man Dr. Schmerling the founder Boucher de Perthes the
apostle Classifications by Lubbock, Lartet, Renevier, and
Westropp Plan of the work No Universal Age of Stone,
Bronze, or Iron Epochs not sharply defined Outlines of
History Superstitious Notions Skull from Constatt Stone
hatchet from London Cavern of Gailenreuth Axes from
Hoxne Human jaw from Maestricht Skeleton from Lahr
"Reliquiæ Diluvianæ" Discoveries by Tournal and Christol
Engis and Enghihoul Caverns Schmerling's labors Lyell's
opinions Arrow mark on skull of Cave Bear Boucher de
Perthes and the Valley of the Somme Jaw of Moulin Quignon
Kent's Hole Fossil Man of Denise Remains from the
Manzanares Cave of Aurignac Lyell declares his belief
Lake Dwellings of Switzerland Neanderthal Skull Caverns
near Torquay Cave of Massat Cave of Lourdes Caverns of
Ariége Tertiary at St. Prest Implements near Gosport
Bones from Colmar Implements near Bournemouth Trou de
la Naulette Bones near Savonia Reindeer Station Foreland
Cliff Fossil Man of Mentone Other Discoveries near Mentone. 11

CHAPTER II.

GLACIAL EPOCH.

Starting point for the investigation Advance of the ice
Fauna of Europe Geological Period Probable Date Probable
Duration Evidences of the Existence of Man Implements from
Hampshire Flint tools at Bournemouth Oval flint from
Foreland Cliff Implements from the Valley of the Somme
Jaw of Moulin Quignon Implements from the Seine Axes
near Madrid Kent's Hole Brixham Cave Human jaw from
Maestricht Skeleton from Lahr Cave of La Naulette
Implements from Hoxne Bones from Colmar... Continue reading book >>