Contents

Pinke

In the 17th century, the word pink or pinke was also used to describe a yellowish pigment, which was mixed with blue colors to yield greenish colors. Thomas Jenner's A Book of Drawing, Limning, Washing (1652) categorizes "Pink & blewbice" amongst the greens (p. 38)[4], and specifies several admixtures of greenish colors made with pink—e.g. "Grasse-green is made of Pink and Bice, it is shadowed with Indigo and Pink ... French-green of Pink and Indico [shadowed with] Indico" (pp. 38–40). In William Salmon's Polygraphice (1673), "Pink yellow" is mentioned amongst the chief yellow pigments (p. 96), and the reader is instructed to mix it with either Saffron or Ceruse for "sad" or "light" shades thereof, respectively (p. 98).

Pink in gender

Person in a pink sweatshirt knitting a pink scarf

In Western culture, the practice of assigning pink to an individual gender began in the 1920s.[5] From then until the 1940s, pink was considered appropriate for boys because being related to red it was the more masculine and decided color, while blue was considered appropriate for girls because it was the more delicate and dainty color, or related to the Virgin Mary.[6][7][8] Since the 1940s, the societal norm was inverted; pink became considered appropriate for girls and blue appropriate for boys, a practice that has continued into the 21st century.[9]

Though the color pink has sometimes been associated with negative gender stereotypes, some feminists have sought to 'reclaim' it. For example, the Swedish radical feminist party Feminist Initiative and the American activist women's group Code Pink: Women for Peace use pink as their color.

The pink ribbon is the international symbol of breast cancer awareness. Pink was chosen partially because it is so strongly associated with femininity.[10]

It has been suggested that females prefer pink because of a preference for reddish things like ripe fruits and healthy faces.[11]

A Dutch newsgroup about homosexuality is called nl.roze (roze being the Dutch word for pink), while in Britain, Pink News is a leading gay newspaper and online news service. There is a magazine called Pink for the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual (LGBT) community which has different editions for various metropolitan areas.[13] In France Pink TV is an LGBT cable channel.

In business, the pink pound or pink dollar refers to the spending power of the LGBT community.[14]Advertising agencies sometimes call the gay market the pink economy.

Pink in human culture

In the Frenchacademic dress system, the five traditional fields of study (Arts, Science, Medicine, Law and Divinity) are each symbolized by a distinctive color, which appears in the academic dress of the people who graduated in this field. Redcurrant, an extremely red shade of pink, is the distinctive color for Medicine (and other health-related fields)fr:Groseille (couleur).

In Ireland, Support group for Irish Pink Adoptions defines a pink family as a relatively neutral umbrella term for the single gay men, single lesbians, or same-gender couples who intend to adopt, are in the process of adopting, or have the intention to adopt. It also covers adults born/raised in such families. We also welcome the input of other people touched by adoption, especially people who were adopted as children and are now adults.

In 1993, artist Gioia Fonda created a conceptual piece in the form of a week long holiday called pink week. The intention of pink week is to liberate the color pink from all dogma and simply celebrate the color pink as a color.[18]

Bubblegum Pink is an installation by the artist duo Bigert & Bergstrom which "confronted [the viewer] with three different mental climates" [19] involving large amounts of pink. This mirrors the use of the color in American prisons to calm aggressive prisoners. It features a pink cell and a carpet worn by repetitive pacing.[20]

In Japan, blue films were categorized as Pink films(ピンク映画,Pinku Eiga?)[26]. Such description is not used recently since "Adult Videos(アダルトビデオ,Adaruto Bideo?) became popular.

In the movie adaptation of J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Dolores Jane Umbridge wears only pink and has a pink office.

In the Disney/Pixar film WALL-E, PR-T (a minor character also known as the Beautician Bot) is a glamor robot who's pink and talkative and one of the Buy N' Large robots. She has a number of arms that do the hairdressing, the makeup and the nail coloring and one of the arms has an ability to hold up the people's lips and brush their teeth. Her catchphrase is "You look gorgeous." She is voiced by Teresa Ganzel.

Since 1893 the London Financial Times newspaper has used a distinctive salmon pink color for its newsprint, mainly as a way to distinguish itself from competitors. In other countries, the salmon press identifies economic newspapers or economics sections in "white" newspapers.

In Catholicism, pink (called rose by the Catholic Church) symbolizes joy and happiness. It is used for the Third Sunday of Advent and the Fourth Sunday of Lent to mark the halfway point in these seasons of penance. However, in some Protestant denominations, the pink candle is sometimes lit on the Fourth Sunday of Advent, the Sunday of Love[citation needed].

Pink is the color most associated with Indian spiritual leader Meher Baba, who often wore pink coats to please his closest female follower, Mehera Irani, and today pink remains an important color, symbolizing love, to Baba's followers.

PR-T is a talkative robotic beautician and one of the Buy 'N Large products. She has a number of arms that do the hair, the make-up and the nails in so many ways. Her catchphrase is "You look gorgeous". As a minor character of the film called WALL-E, she is voiced by Teresa Ganzel.

^Orenstein, Peggy. "What's Wrong With Cinderella?", The New York Times Magazine, 24 December 2006, retrieved 10 December 2007. Orenstein writes: "When colors were first introduced to the nursery in the early part of the 20th century, pink was considered the more masculine hue, a pastel version of red. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, was thought to be dainty. Why or when that switched is not clear, but as late as the 1930s a significant percentage of adults in one national survey held to that split."

From Wikisource

There was once upon a time a queen to whom God had given no
children. Every morning she went into the garden and prayed to God
in heaven to bestow on her a son or a daughter. Then an angel from
heaven came to her and said: 'Be at rest, you shall have a son with
the power of wishing, so that whatsoever in the world he wishes
for, that shall he have.' Then she went to the king, and told him
the joyful tidings, and when the time was come she gave birth to a
son, and the king was filled with gladness.

Every morning she went with the child to the garden where the
wild beasts were kept, and washed herself there in a clear stream.
It happened once when the child was a little older, that it was
lying in her arms and she fell asleep. Then came the old cook, who
knew that the child had the power of wishing, and stole it away,
and he took a hen, and cut it in pieces, and dropped some of its
blood on the queen's apron and on her dress. Then he carried the
child away to a secret place, where a nurse was obliged to suckle
it, and he ran to the king and accused the queen of having allowed
her child to be taken from her by the wild beasts. When the king
saw the blood on her apron, he believed this, fell into such a
passion that he ordered a high tower to be built, in which neither
sun nor moon could be seen and had his wife put into it, and walled
up. Here she was to stay for seven years without meat or drink, and
die of hunger. But God sent two angels from heaven in the shape of
white doves, which flew to her twice a day, and carried her food
until the seven years were over.

The cook, however, thought to himself: 'If the child has the
power of wishing, and I am here, he might very easily get me into
trouble.' So he left the palace and went to the boy, who was
already big enough to speak, and said to him: 'Wish for a beautiful
palace for yourself with a garden, and all else that pertains to
it.' Scarcely were the words out of the boy's mouth, when
everything was there that he had wished for. After a while the cook
said to him: 'It is not well for you to be so alone, wish for a
pretty girl as a companion.' Then the king's son wished for one,
and she immediately stood before him, and was more beautiful than
any painter could have painted her. The two played together, and
loved each other with all their hearts, and the old cook went out
hunting like a nobleman. The thought occurred to him, however, that
the king's son might some day wish to be with his father, and thus
bring him into great peril. So he went out and took the maiden
aside, and said: 'Tonight when the boy is asleep, go to his bed and
plunge this knife into his heart, and bring me his heart and
tongue, and if you do not do it, you shall lose your life.'
Thereupon he went away, and when he returned next day she had not
done it, and said: 'Why should I shed the blood of an innocent boy
who has never harmed anyone?' The cook once more said: 'If you do
not do it, it shall cost you your own life.' When he had gone away,
she had a little hind brought to her, and ordered her to be killed,
and took her heart and tongue, and laid them on a plate, and when
she saw the old man coming, she said to the boy: 'Lie down in your
bed, and draw the clothes over you.' Then the wicked wretch came in
and said: 'Where are the boy's heart and tongue?' The girl reached
the plate to him, but the king's son threw off the quilt, and said:
'You old sinner, why did you want to kill me? Now will I pronounce
thy sentence. You shall become a black poodle and have a gold
collar round your neck, and shall eat burning coals, till the
flames burst forth from your throat.' And when he had spoken these
words, the old man was changed into a poodle dog, and had a gold
collar round his neck, and the cooks were ordered to bring up some
live coals, and these he ate, until the flames broke forth from his
throat. The king's son remained there a short while longer, and he
thought of his mother, and wondered if she were still alive. At
length he said to the maiden: 'I will go home to my own country; if
you will go with me, I will provide for you.' 'Ah,' she replied,
'the way is so long, and what shall I do in a strange land where I
am unknown?' As she did not seem quite willing, and as they could
not be parted from each other, he wished that she might be changed
into a beautiful pink, and took her with him. Then he went away to
his own country, and the poodle had to run after him. He went to
the tower in which his mother was confined, and as it was so high,
he wished for a ladder which would reach up to the very top. Then
he mounted up and looked inside, and cried: 'Beloved mother, Lady
Queen, are you still alive, or are you dead?' She answered: 'I have
just eaten, and am still satisfied,' for she thought the angels
were there. Said he: 'I am your dear son, whom the wild beasts were
said to have torn from your arms; but I am alive still, and will
soon set you free.' Then he descended again, and went to his
father, and caused himself to be announced as a strange huntsman,
and asked if he could offer him service. The king said yes, if he
was skilful and could get game for him, he should come to him, but
that deer had never taken up their quarters in any part of the
district or country. Then the huntsman promised to procure as much
game for him as he could possibly use at the royal table. So he
summoned all the huntsmen together, and bade them go out into the
forest with him. And he went with them and made them form a great
circle, open at one end where he stationed himself, and began to
wish. Two hundred deer and more came running inside the circle at
once, and the huntsmen shot them. Then they were all placed on
sixty country carts, and driven home to the king, and for once he
was able to deck his table with game, after having had none at all
for years.

Now the king felt great joy at this, and commanded that his
entire household should eat with him next day, and made a great
feast. When they were all assembled together, he said to the
huntsman: 'As you are so clever, you shall sit by me.' He replied:
'Lord King, your majesty must excuse me, I am a poor huntsman.' But
the king insisted on it, and said: 'You shall sit by me,' until he
did it. Whilst he was sitting there, he thought of his dearest
mother, and wished that one of the king's principal servants would
begin to speak of her, and would ask how it was faring with the
queen in the tower, and if she were alive still, or had perished.
Hardly had he formed the wish than the marshal began, and said:
'Your majesty, we live joyously here, but how is the queen living
in the tower? Is she still alive, or has she died?' But the king
replied: 'She let my dear son be torn to pieces by wild beasts; I
will not have her named.' Then the huntsman arose and said:
'Gracious lord father she is alive still, and I am her son, and I
was not carried away by wild beasts, but by that wretch the old
cook, who tore me from her arms when she was asleep, and sprinkled
her apron with the blood of a chicken.' Thereupon he took the dog
with the golden collar, and said: 'That is the wretch!' and caused
live coals to be brought, and these the dog was compelled to devour
before the sight of all, until flames burst forth from its throat.
On this the huntsman asked the king if he would like to see the dog
in his true shape, and wished him back into the form of the cook,
in the which he stood immediately, with his white apron, and his
knife by his side. When the king saw him he fell into a passion,
and ordered him to be cast into the deepest dungeon. Then the
huntsman spoke further and said: 'Father, will you see the maiden
who brought me up so tenderly and who was afterwards to murder me,
but did not do it, though her own life depended on it?' The king
replied: 'Yes, I would like to see her.' The son said: 'Most
gracious father, I will show her to you in the form of a beautiful
flower,' and he thrust his hand into his pocket and brought forth
the pink, and placed it on the royal table, and it was so beautiful
that the king had never seen one to equal it. Then the son said:
'Now will I show her to you in her own form,' and wished that she
might become a maiden, and she stood there looking so beautiful
that no painter could have made her look more so.

And the king sent two waiting-maids and two attendants into the
tower, to fetch the queen and bring her to the royal table. But
when she was led in she ate nothing, and said: 'The gracious and
merciful God who has supported me in the tower, will soon set me
free.' She lived three days more, and then died happily, and when
she was buried, the two white doves which had brought her food to
the tower, and were angels of heaven, followed her body and seated
themselves on her grave. The aged king ordered the cook to be torn
in four pieces, but grief consumed the king's own heart, and he
soon died. His son married the beautiful maiden whom he had brought
with him as a flower in his pocket, and whether they are still
alive or not, is known to God.

From LoveToKnow 1911

PINK, in botany, the common name corresponding to a genus
of Caryophyllacae, the Dianthus of botanists. It
is characterized by the presence of simple leaves borne in pairs at
the thickened nodes, flowers terminating the axis and having a
tubular calyx surrounded by a number of overlapping bracts, a showy
corolla of five free long-stalked petals, ten stamens proceeding,
together with the petals, from a short stalk supporting the ovary,
which latter has two styles and ripens into a cylindric or oblong
podlike one-chambered many-seeded capsule which opens at the apex by four cults or valves. The species are herbaceous perennials of
low stature, often with very showy flowers. They are natives
chiefly of southern Europe and
the Mediterranean region, a few being found in temperate Asia and South Africa. Four species are wild in Britain. Of these, D.
armeria,Deptford
pink and D. deltoides,maiden pink, are generally distributed, D.
caesius,Cheddar pink,
occurs only on the limestone rocks at Cheddar. Two others,
D. plumarius and D. caryophyllus, are more or
less naturalized, and are interesting as being the originals of the
pinks and of the carnations and picotees of English gardens. Garden pinks are derivatives from
Dianthus plumarius, a native of central Europe, with
leaves rough at the edges, and with rose-coloured or purplish flowers. The use of
"pink" for a colour is taken from the name of the plant.' The pink
is a favourite garden flower
of hardy constitution. It has been in cultivation in England since 1629, and is a
great favourite with florists, those varieties being preferred
which 1 The etymology of
"pink" is disputed; it may be connected with "to pink" (apparently
a naturalized form of "pick"), properly to prick or punch holes in material for the
purpose of ornament,
hence, later, to scallop or cut a pattern in the edge of the
material. The flower has jagged edges to the petals, but the name
occurs in the 16th century, and the later meaning, "to scallop,"
not till the 19th. Others connect with "pink," halfshut blinking of
the eyes, as in "plumpie Bacehus, with pinke eyne" (Shakspeare
Ant. and Cl. ii. vii. 121); this word is seen in Dutch
pinken, to blink, shut the eyes, and may be connected with
"pinch." The French name for the flower, oeillet, little
eye, may point to this derivation. The disease of horses, known as
"pinkeye," a contagious influenza, is so-called from the colour of
the inflamed conjunctiva, a symptom of the affection.'.

have the margin of the petals entire, and which are well marked
in the centre with bright crimson or dark purple. Its grassy but glaucous foliage is much like that of the carnation, but the whole
plant is smaller and more tufted. Pinks require a free loamy soil
deeply trenched, and well enriched with cow-dung. They are readily
increased by cuttings (pipings), by layers and by seed. Cuttings and layers should be taken as early
in July as practicable. The former should be rooted in a cold frame
or in a shady spot out of doors. When rooted, which will be about
August, they should be planted 4 in. apart in a nursery bed, where they may remain till
the latter part of September or the early part of October. The
chief attention required during winter is to press them down firmly
should they become lifted by frosts, and in spring the ground
should be frequently stirred and kept free from weeds. The pink is
raised from seeds, not only to obtain new varieties, but to keep up
a race of vigorousgrowing sorts. The seeds may be sown in March or
April in pots in a warm frame, and the young plants may be pricked
off into boxes and sheltered in a cold frame. They should be
planted out in the early part of the summer in nursery beds, in
which, if they have space, they may remain to flower, or the
alternate ones may be transplanted to a blooming bed in September
or the early part of October; in either case they will bloom the following summer. These
will grow in any good garden soil, but the richer it is the
better.

The border varieties are useful for forcing during the early
spring months. These are propagated from early pipings and grown in
nursery beds, being taken up in October, potted in a rich loamy
compost, and wintered in a cold pit
till required for the forcing house.

The Carnation (q.v.) and Picotee are modifications of
Dianthus Caryophyllus, the Clove Pink. This is a native of
Europe, growing on rocks in the south, but in the north usually
found on old walls. Its occurrence in England on some of the old Norman castles, as at Rochester, is supposed by
Canon Ellacombe to indicate its
introduction by the Normans;
in any case the plant grows in similar situations in Normandy. The carnation
includes those flowers which are streaked or striped lengthwise -
the picotees are those in which the petals have a narrow band of
colour along the edge, the remainder of the petal being free from
stripes or blotches. These by the old writers were called
"gillyflowers." The Sweet William of gardens is a product from
Dianthus barbatus. The Sea-Pink, or Thrift, Statice Armeria (Armeria
vulgaris), is a member of the natural order
Plumbagineae; it is a widely distributed plant found on
rocky and stony sea-shores and on lofty mountains. There are many
improved varieties of it now in cultivation, one with almost pure
white flowers.

1986: it is interesting to note the curious
legend that the pink of the hunting field is not
due to any optical advantage but to an entirely different reason.
Formerly no man might hunt even on his own estate until he had a
licence of free warren from the Crown. Consequently he merely
hunted by the pleasure of the crown, taking part in what was an
exclusively Royal sport by Royal permission. And for this Royal
sport, he wore the Kings livery of scarlet. — Michael J O'Shea,
James Joyce and Heraldry (SUNY 1986, p. 69)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted
above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any
numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See
instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Note: the flower is NOT the same as a rose - ensure that the
translations for the flower name are correct