% LAY_e2.TEX - Anhang von LAYOUT.TEX (PA 1988)
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\clearpage
\section*{Appendix}
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Appendix}
\appendix
\section{The page structure in \LaTeX}
This appendix describes how the actual page is build from its
components and how they are influenced by \TeX{}'s parameters.
(\seealso{Fig.\,\ref{bild}} Figure~\ref{bild} has been created by
Nelson Beebe at the University of Utah.)
\begin{description}
\item[text area]
The normal text area (``Body'') contains the running text
including footnotes, tables and figures. The headings, footer
and margin notes do \emph{not} belong to the text area.
The text area has the width \cs{textwidth}
and the height \cs{text\-height}.
In a two column layout the text area is split into two columns, with
the width \cs{columnwidth} each and a space of \cs{columnsep} between
them. Thus the \cs{columnwidth} is a little bit smaller than half
the \cs{textwidth}.
\cs{textwidth} and \cs{columnwidth} should be a multiple of the
width of one character in the \texttt{tt} font.
\cs{textheight} should be multiple of the line height
\cs{baselineskip}, increased by the constant value of \cs{topskip}.
Indentations inside the text area are defined with \cs{leftskip} and
\cs{rightskip}. These parameters should not be changed explicitly
by the user but rather implicitly through environments.
\item[left margin]
The left margin is either \cs{odd-} or \cs{evensidemargin} plus
1~inch. Both parameters have the same value, unless the
\texttt{twoside} option is given.
\item[top margin]
The top margin is the sum of \cs{topmargin}, \cs{headheight} and
\cs{headsep} plus 1~inch.
\item[right margin]
The right margin is the paper width minus the left margin and
the text area.
\item[bottom margin]
The bottom margin is the paper height minus the top margin and
the text area.
\item[heading]\index{headings}
The heading is inside the top margin with a space of \cs{headsep}
between the lower border of the header and the upper border of the
text area. Above the header is a free space of \cs{topmargin}
increased by 1~inch.
\item[footing]\index{footings} The footer is inside the bottom margin with a
space of \cs{footskip} between the lower border
of the text area and the lower border of the footer.
\item[margin notes]\index{margin notes} Margin notes are inside the left or
right margin. They have a width of \cs{marginparwidth} and a space
of \cs{marginparsep} between the margin note and the text area. The
vertical space between two margin notes is \cs{marginparpush}.
\end{description}
The \texttt{paperheight} consists of the following elements (from top to
bottom):
\begin{verse}
1 inch \\*[2pt]
\cs{topmargin} \\*[2pt]
\cs{headheight} \\*[2pt]
\cs{headsep} \\*[2pt]
\cs{textheight} \\*[2pt]
\cs{footskip} \\*[2pt]
remaining page.
\end{verse}
On pages with margin notes in the right margin the \texttt{paperwidth} consists
of the following elements:
\begin{verse}
1 inch\\*[2pt]
\cs{oddsidemargin}
\ \ or\ \
\cs{evensidemargin}\\*[2pt]
\cs{textwidth}\\*[2pt]
\cs{marginparsep}\\*[2pt]
\cs{marginparwidth}\\*[2pt]
remaining page
\end{verse}
With the option \texttt{twoside} the left pages change to
\begin{verse}
1 inch\\*[2pt]
\cs{evensidemargin}\\*[2pt]
\cs{textwidth}\\*[2pt]
remaining page
\end{verse}
\marginlabel{Comments:} The parameters \cs{topmargin}, \cs{oddsidemargin},
and \cs{evensidemargin} may be negative. In this case, the margin will be
smaller than 1~inch. The same is true for \cs{leftskip} and \cs{rightskip}
which leads to text that is wider than the text area.
Extensive treatment and figures to this subject may be found in the
\textsc{TUGboat} Vol.9, No.1 (April 1988).
The parameter \cs{footheight} is no longer defined
in \LaTeXe\ since no-one used it.
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\begin{fullpage}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Bild von Nelson Beebe, mit geringen "Anderungen von PA:
\newcommand{\X}[1]{{#1}\index{{#1}}}
% NB: For computed dimension parameters, we cannot use
% \newcommand{}, because this expands to a TeX \def which does
% not evaluate the definition before assigning it to the control
% sequence name; we use \xdef directly to force evaluation
\newcount\T % temporary counter for arithmetic calculations
\T=0
% **********************************************************************
% WARNING: Do not insert ANY aditional whitespace in these
% macros--otherwise it ends up in the TeX boxes and ruins the
% positioning, sigh....
% **********************************************************************
% NAMEBOX{x}{y}{dx}{dy}{width}{height}{pos}{label} -- framed label with
% box lower-left corner at (x+dx,y+dy)
\newcommand{\NAMEBOX}[8]{\put(#1,#2){\begin{picture}(0,0)(-#3,-#4)\ignorespaces
\framebox(#5,#6)[#7]{#8}\end{picture}}}
% HARROW{x}{y}{dx}{dy}{length}{side}{pos}{label} -- horizontal
% labeled arrow with left point at (x+dx,y+dy), label on bottom
% (side=b) or top (side=t) of arrow, in makebox[pos]
\newcommand{\HARROW}[8]{\put(#1,#2){\begin{picture}(0,0)(-#3,-#4)\ignorespaces
\put(0,0){\vector(1,0){#5}}\ignorespaces
\put(#5,0){\vector(-1,0){#5}}\ignorespaces
\ifthenelse{\equal{#6}{b}}{\ignorespaces
\put(0,-\TAD){\makebox(#5,0)[#7]{#8}}
}{\ignorespaces
\ifthenelse{\equal{#6}{t}}{}{\ignorespaces
\typeout{Side #6 must be ``b'' or ``t''--``t'' assumed}}\ignorespaces
\put(0,\TAD){\makebox(#5,0)[#7]{#8}}
}
\end{picture}}}
% VARROW{x}{y}{dx}{dy}{length}{side}{pos}{label} -- vertical
% labeled arrow with left point at (x+dx,y+dy), label on left
% (side=l) or right (side=r) of arrow, in makebox[pos]
\newcommand{\VARROW}[8]{\put(#1,#2){\begin{picture}(0,0)(-#3,-#4)\ignorespaces
\put(0,0){\vector(0,1){#5}}\ignorespaces
\put(0,#5){\vector(0,-1){#5}}\ignorespaces
\ifthenelse{\equal{#6}{l}}{\ignorespaces
\put(-\TAD,0){\makebox(0,#5)[#7]{#8}}
}{\ignorespaces
\ifthenelse{\equal{#6}{r}}{}{\ignorespaces
\typeout{Side #6 must be ``r'' or ``l''--``r'' assumed}}\ignorespaces
\put(\TAD,0){\makebox(0,#5)[#7]{#8}}
}
\end{picture}}}
% VRULE{x}{y}{dx}{dy}{length}{side}{pos}{label} -- vertical
% rule with left point at (x+dx,y+dy), label on left
% (side=l) or right (side=r) of rule, in makebox[pos]
\newcommand{\VRULE}[8]{\put(#1,#2){\begin{picture}(0,0)(-#3,-#4)\ignorespaces
\put(0,0){\line(0,1){#5}}\ignorespaces
\ifthenelse{\equal{#6}{l}}{\ignorespaces
\put(0,0){\makebox(0,#5)[#7]{$\rightarrow${}#8}}
}{\ignorespaces
\ifthenelse{\equal{#6}{r}}{}{\ignorespaces
\typeout{Side #6 must be ``r'' or ``l''--``r'' assumed}}\ignorespaces
\put(0,0){\makebox(0,#5)[#7]{$\leftarrow${}#8}}
}
\end{picture}}}
% **********************************************************************
% If you wish to change any of these values:
% * definitions are mostly in alphabetical order
% * remember units are in centipoints for accurate
% positioning
% * most parameters are taken directly from values in
% BK11.STY, but in order to improve the appearance of the
% figure, a few have been increased to avoid overlap of
% labels and/or boxes, or to loosen up the figure
% * ALL parameters which depend on others are defined by
% computation and \xdef's below; they must NEVER be
% changed
%
%- For 11pt BOOK style, \textwidth / \pagewidth(8.5in) = 0.5294
%- Anything larger than this will generate an overfull box. We
%- choose 0.50 since that makes scaling trivial for the reader
%- \newcommand{\UNITLENGTH}{0.005pt}
%- \newcommand{\SCALEFACTOR}{50\%}
%
%-----> We use a larger picture with 0.70 on our DIN-A4 paper:
\newcommand{\UNITLENGTH}{0.007pt}
\newcommand{\SCALEFACTOR}{70\%}
%