Ecological Sustainability Data

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Energy consumption data (purchased electricity, diesel and LPG) are recorded on a monthly basis by all locations in manual MS-excel sheets, which are uploaded onto a central system for audit traceability

Protocols Followed

Purchased electricity is recorded on the basis of monthly electricity bills

Diesel consumption is recorded in terms of liters consumed per month;

Liquefied petroleum Gas (LPG) is recorded in terms of the number of cylinders consumed per month. The number is converted into weight by using the standard weight of one cylinder

Captive energy units are recorded based on daily meter logs.

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

For smaller locations where DG units have not been provided, the diesel consumption of that location has been multiplied into an assumed engine efficiency of 2.8 Kwh/l to obtain the total units

A figure of 0.4 kg/m3 is considered to convert cubic meters of biogas into kilograms.

Weight of one full LPG gas cylinder is considered as 19.5kg. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of LPG gas cylinders being used as opposed to the Kg

For locations where data for all 12 months is incomplete, the average figure of the months provided has been considered

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Based on disclosures and data modelled based on spend

Protocols Followed

Trucost proprietary

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

This is largely based on disclosure and modelled estimates of the top 85% suppliers by spend. Nearly 50% of the data is from actual disclosures of companies and the balance is modelled. The model estimate is based on Trucost’s database of environmental data from 4000+ companies and a hybridised input-output econometric model based on different environmental resources and business activities -applied to spend data across different procurement categories.

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Data on water consumption, recycled water usage and rainwater harvesting is recorded in manual systems and aggregated in a central database

Protocols Followed

The monthly recordings are based on readings of water meters that are installed in all our major campuses

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

For computing the quantum of rainwater harvested, we use the volume of the rainwater tank as the basis and multiply that by the number of times the tank is estimated to get filled

For leased spaces in smaller multistoried locations where the builder maintains the total water consumed, figures are obtained by assuming one employee consumes 50 liters of water per day . Overall the quantum of total water calculated across leased spaces this way amounts to about 3% of the overall water consumption.

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Data on air pollution and refrigerants is recorded in manual systems and aggregated in a central database

Protocols Followed

Waste figures are obtained based on the generated vs. disposed figures which are maintained in waste reporting sheets

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

Weight of one UPS battery is considered as 11.70Kgs. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of batteries being used as opposed to the Kg

Weight of 1 liter of used oil is considered as 0.88kgs. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of litres of used oil being disposed as opposed to the Kg

Weight of one CFL bulb is considered as 126g. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of CFL's being disposed as opposed to the Kg

Weight of one tube light is considered as 250g. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of tube lights being disposed as opposed to the Kg

Weight of one DG filter is considered as 1.5Kg. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of DG filters being disposed as opposed to the Kg.

For Bangalore and Kochi locations based on independent audit of recycling vendors - we have considered 40 % of Municipal Solid waste (MSW) is landfilled and balance 60 % is recycled. For other locations, all MSW category waste is sent to landfills.

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Freight data from import of IT hardware and equipment is recorded in SAP

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

Calculations of “Distance X weight” were done for 15 source-destination pairs which covered nearly all of the main importing countries.

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Data on employee car reimbursements are obtained from SAP Based IT Systems

Data on Bus and Cab travel is recorded in manual systems and aggregated in a central database

Protocols Followed

Costs are determined based on reimbursement of claims that are submitted by employees on a monthly basis

Bus & Cab details are obtained from daily trip sheets

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

The proportion of people using different modes of transport and average distance travelled is corroborated with data from the annual commute survey.

Personal Transport : For number of employees 4 wheelers and 2 wheelers we assume 100% occupancy of all parking slots across locations – we see this as a conservative estimate considering that parking slot capacity in most cases is as per the requirement and is not always fully occupied. For 4 wheelers, we assume that 80% of fuel costs assumed are be associated with petrol vehicles and balance 20% of fuel costs assumed to be associated with diesel vehicles. This proportion is also corroborated with the company leased vehicles split – offered to certain bands of employees. Emissions for company owned vehicles is at actuals and is overstated by at least 20% as the fuel claim also includes personal travel on the part of employees. The average mileage for petrol and diesel cars is taken as 10 and 14 KM per liter respectively.

Company arranged transport (buses and cabs): Number of people and distance travelled provided by operator.

Public Transport: We have assumed an average of 29 Km per passenger per day for public transport. We have arrived at the average distance commuted by means of a travel survey. Thus, by multiplying the average passenger KM per day by the assumed number of working days in a year(250) and the number of employees who use the service. The number of employees who use public transport by inference i.e. by subtracting the total of the number of employees who use cars, two wheelers and Wipro operated buses from the total number of employees in our India operations

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Data on business travel is obtained from SAP Based IT Systems

Protocols Followed

Details are determined based on Domestic and International Travel Requests

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

Air Travel (WTSL* and Agent Booked, covers all geographies across all businesses): Itineraries with IATA airport codes are available for this category. The itineraries are split into individual legs and the distance for each airport leg is calculated using the a airport distance calculator. The flights were classified into domestic, short haul and long haul depending on the distances. GHG protocol emission factors (see last row in this table) were then applied to the total kilometers for the three classifications.

Bus and Rail for India (WTSL Booked): Itineraries of all tickets (rail and bus) booked are available with Indian Railways Station Codes. For both bus and train, we have considered route segments which contribute to 80% of travel. For Rail, this contribution is from 24 routes, while for road it is from 31 routes.. For the selected routes, the distance has been calculated using the station code rail distance calculator available at erail.in. A weighted average for distance (based on selected routes and the number of journeys for that route) is calculated each for rail (520 Km in 13-14 ) and bus (636 Km in 13-14). The weighted average distance is applied across the trips for which actual distance is not calculated.

Self booked tickets: A significant portion of bus and rail travel in India (50 to 60%) is self booked by employees as per travel policies and then subsequently reimbursed.
For self booking tickets, IATA airport codes, Railway Station Codes or standard city names is not available. Hence we have used a fare basis for different modes of travel to arrive at Kms traversed. However, this assumes that a linear (Kilometer based) cost model is used by all service providers. In India, this assumption is reasonably valid – especially with Indian Railways.
Rail: As per India policy, all train travel is by 2nd A Class. Based on 5 key travel sectors for rail travel, we have calculated the cost per Km to be Rs 3.36/Km. For Bus, we have calculated the cost per Km also to be Rs 2.58/Km. For air, we have calculated the cost per Km also to be Rs 8.3/Km. (All these have seen upward revisions from 2012-13 figures).
This cost/km basis is used to calculate the total business travel Kms and then apply appropriate passenger-km based emission factors.

Conveyance Claims (India): While on business travel, employees also use local conveyance to travel between residences and airports /stations. The new application on the intranet now captures actual kms travelled by employees for different modes. GHG protocol emission factors are applied to different modes of travel.

Conveyance Claims (Overseas): Rental car and trains in 8 countries amount to 95% of total claims. For these countries, we have calculated cost of travel (in USD equivalent as $/km) for these taxi/car rentals and train/metro rail based on average travel costs available on websites for the city and country. This average cost was applied to total claims for 95% of total claims to calculate distance traveled and emissions. The balance 5% was extrapolated.

Hotel Stays (during Business Travel): Basd on literature survey and assumptions a typical 30 sq mt room which has air conditioning, lights and TV – including loading for general areas and restaurant – would consume around 30 units per day per room of single occupancy. We have used this energy consumption (30 units) across number of days of hotel stays for different countries and applied national emission figures to calculated total emissions. For India, this year we have also considered 80:20 as the split between grid and Diesel generated electricity.

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

The computation of our GHG emissions data is done manually from MS-excel worksheets

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

Emissions, Water and Waste footprint from Purchased Goods and Services

Water

Waste

Upstream Logistics

Employee Commute

Business Travel

GHG Emissions

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Energy consumption data (purchased electricity, diesel and LPG) are recorded on a monthly basis by all locations in manual MS-excel sheets, which are uploaded onto a central system for audit traceability

Protocols Followed

Purchased electricity is recorded on the basis of monthly electricity bills

Diesel consumption is recorded in terms of liters consumed per month;

Liquefied petroleum Gas (LPG) is recorded in terms of the number of cylinders consumed per month. The number is converted into weight by using the standard weight of one cylinder

Captive energy units are recorded based on daily meter logs.

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

For smaller locations where DG units have not been provided, the diesel consumption of that location has been multiplied into an assumed engine efficiency of 2.8 Kwh/l to obtain the total units

A figure of 0.4 kg/m3 is considered to convert cubic meters of biogas into kilograms.

Weight of one full LPG gas cylinder is considered as 19.5kg. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of LPG gas cylinders being used as opposed to the Kg

For locations where data for all 12 months is incomplete, the average figure of the months provided has been considered

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Based on disclosures and data modelled based on spend

Protocols Followed

Trucost proprietary

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

This is largely based on disclosure and modelled estimates of the top 85% suppliers by spend. Nearly 50% of the data is from actual disclosures of companies and the balance is modelled. The model estimate is based on Trucost’s database of environmental data from 4000+ companies and a hybridised input-output econometric model based on different environmental resources and business activities -applied to spend data across different procurement categories.

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Data on water consumption, recycled water usage and rainwater harvesting is recorded in manual systems and aggregated in a central database

Protocols Followed

The monthly recordings are based on readings of water meters that are installed in all our major campuses

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

For computing the quantum of rainwater harvested, we use the volume of the rainwater tank as the basis and multiply that by the number of times the tank is estimated to get filled

For leased spaces in smaller multistoried locations where the builder maintains the total water consumed, figures are obtained by assuming one employee consumes 50 liters of water per day . Overall the quantum of total water calculated across leased spaces this way amounts to about 3% of the overall water consumption.

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Data on air pollution and refrigerants is recorded in manual systems and aggregated in a central database

Protocols Followed

Waste figures are obtained based on the generated vs. disposed figures which are maintained in waste reporting sheets

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

Weight of one UPS battery is considered as 11.70Kgs. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of batteries being used as opposed to the Kg

Weight of 1 liter of used oil is considered as 0.88kgs. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of litres of used oil being disposed as opposed to the Kg

Weight of one CFL bulb is considered as 126g. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of CFL's being disposed as opposed to the Kg

Weight of one tube light is considered as 250g. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of tube lights being disposed as opposed to the Kg

Weight of one DG filter is considered as 1.5Kg. This figure has been utilized in the event that locations have provided the number of DG filters being disposed as opposed to the Kg.

For Bangalore and Kochi locations based on independent audit of recycling vendors - we have considered 40 % of Municipal Solid waste (MSW) is landfilled and balance 60 % is recycled. For other locations, all MSW category waste is sent to landfills.

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Freight data from import of IT hardware and equipment is recorded in SAP

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

Calculations of “Distance X weight” were done for 15 source-destination pairs which covered nearly all of the main importing countries.

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Data on employee car reimbursements are obtained from SAP Based IT Systems

Data on Bus and Cab travel is recorded in manual systems and aggregated in a central database

Protocols Followed

Costs are determined based on reimbursement of claims that are submitted by employees on a monthly basis

Bus & Cab details are obtained from daily trip sheets

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

The proportion of people using different modes of transport and average distance travelled is corroborated with data from the annual commute survey.

Personal Transport : For number of employees 4 wheelers and 2 wheelers we assume 100% occupancy of all parking slots across locations – we see this as a conservative estimate considering that parking slot capacity in most cases is as per the requirement and is not always fully occupied. For 4 wheelers, we assume that 80% of fuel costs assumed are be associated with petrol vehicles and balance 20% of fuel costs assumed to be associated with diesel vehicles. This proportion is also corroborated with the company leased vehicles split – offered to certain bands of employees. Emissions for company owned vehicles is at actuals and is overstated by at least 20% as the fuel claim also includes personal travel on the part of employees. The average mileage for petrol and diesel cars is taken as 10 and 14 KM per liter respectively.

Company arranged transport (buses and cabs): Number of people and distance travelled provided by operator.

Public Transport: We have assumed an average of 29 Km per passenger per day for public transport. We have arrived at the average distance commuted by means of a travel survey. Thus, by multiplying the average passenger KM per day by the assumed number of working days in a year(250) and the number of employees who use the service. The number of employees who use public transport by inference i.e. by subtracting the total of the number of employees who use cars, two wheelers and Wipro operated buses from the total number of employees in our India operations

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

Data on business travel is obtained from SAP Based IT Systems

Protocols Followed

Details are determined based on Domestic and International Travel Requests

Assumptions & Rules of Thumb

Air Travel (WTSL* and Agent Booked, covers all geographies across all businesses): Itineraries with IATA airport codes are available for this category. The itineraries are split into individual legs and the distance for each airport leg is calculated using the a airport distance calculator. The flights were classified into domestic, short haul and long haul depending on the distances. GHG protocol emission factors (see last row in this table) were then applied to the total kilometers for the three classifications.

Bus and Rail for India (WTSL Booked): Itineraries of all tickets (rail and bus) booked are available with Indian Railways Station Codes. For both bus and train, we have considered route segments which contribute to 80% of travel. For Rail, this contribution is from 24 routes, while for road it is from 31 routes.. For the selected routes, the distance has been calculated using the station code rail distance calculator available at erail.in. A weighted average for distance (based on selected routes and the number of journeys for that route) is calculated each for rail (520 Km in 13-14 ) and bus (636 Km in 13-14). The weighted average distance is applied across the trips for which actual distance is not calculated.

Self booked tickets: A significant portion of bus and rail travel in India (50 to 60%) is self booked by employees as per travel policies and then subsequently reimbursed.
For self booking tickets, IATA airport codes, Railway Station Codes or standard city names is not available. Hence we have used a fare basis for different modes of travel to arrive at Kms traversed. However, this assumes that a linear (Kilometer based) cost model is used by all service providers. In India, this assumption is reasonably valid – especially with Indian Railways.
Rail: As per India policy, all train travel is by 2nd A Class. Based on 5 key travel sectors for rail travel, we have calculated the cost per Km to be Rs 3.36/Km. For Bus, we have calculated the cost per Km also to be Rs 2.58/Km. For air, we have calculated the cost per Km also to be Rs 8.3/Km. (All these have seen upward revisions from 2012-13 figures).
This cost/km basis is used to calculate the total business travel Kms and then apply appropriate passenger-km based emission factors.

Conveyance Claims (India): While on business travel, employees also use local conveyance to travel between residences and airports /stations. The new application on the intranet now captures actual kms travelled by employees for different modes. GHG protocol emission factors are applied to different modes of travel.

Conveyance Claims (Overseas): Rental car and trains in 8 countries amount to 95% of total claims. For these countries, we have calculated cost of travel (in USD equivalent as $/km) for these taxi/car rentals and train/metro rail based on average travel costs available on websites for the city and country. This average cost was applied to total claims for 95% of total claims to calculate distance traveled and emissions. The balance 5% was extrapolated.

Hotel Stays (during Business Travel): Basd on literature survey and assumptions a typical 30 sq mt room which has air conditioning, lights and TV – including loading for general areas and restaurant – would consume around 30 units per day per room of single occupancy. We have used this energy consumption (30 units) across number of days of hotel stays for different countries and applied national emission figures to calculated total emissions. For India, this year we have also considered 80:20 as the split between grid and Diesel generated electricity.

Computation process (IT Systems or Manual)

The computation of our GHG emissions data is done manually from MS-excel worksheets