July 09, 2015

July 25, 2014

September 03, 2015

Judges who perform marriages in Ohio can't refuse to marry same-sex couples on personal or moral grounds or because of religious beliefs, according to a state judicial conduct board.

In addition, judges who stop performing all marriages to avoid marrying same-sex couples may be interpreted as biased and could be disqualified from any case where sexual orientation is an issue, according to an opinion by the Ohio Supreme Court's Board of Professional Conduct issued Friday and made public Monday.

The ruling followed a request for guidance from a Toledo judge who refused to perform a same-sex wedding last month.

Municipal Judge C. Allen McConnell said he didn't marry a same-sex couple because of his religious beliefs after the U.S. Supreme Court made gay marriage legal in all 50 states in June.

McConnell said Monday he would abide by the board's opinion and would marry a same-sex couple if requested.

Judges' oaths to support the state and U.S. constitutions also require them to honor court interpretations of constitutional matters, the judicial board said in its opinion.

"Public confidence in the independence of the judiciary is undermined when a judge allows his or her beliefs concerning the societal or religious acceptance or validity of same-sex marriage to affect the performance of a judicial function or duty," the board said.

The lead plaintiff in the case that led to the U.S. Supreme Court's landmark ruling was Jim Obergefell of Cincinnati. He sued Ohio's health director for refusing to list him as the surviving spouse on his husband's death certificate. Ohio voters banned gay marriage in 2004.

The judicial board's ruling is nonbinding but could be used by the Ohio Supreme Court for guidance.

The decision didn't spell out specific punishment a judge could face for refusing to marry a same-sex couple.

The board emphasized that refusing to perform all marriages creates its own set of problems, including perceptions about a judge's performance of other duties.

"For example, if a judge who has declined to perform same-sex marriages is later assigned to hear a misdemeanor domestic violence charge involving a same-sex couple, the judge's ability to follow the law and impartially apply the domestic violence laws could reasonably be questioned," the board said.

The Association of Municipal and County Judges of Ohio also asked the board for clarification on the issue.