Building Pluralistic and Inclusive States Post-Arab Spring

Now in its sixth year, the political and social upheaval triggered by the Arab uprisings shows little sign of abating. U.S. and international policymakers continue to struggle to respond to the turmoil, which includes state collapse and the rise of radical jihadism in Syria, Iraq and Yemen; the fragmentation of political authority in Libya; faltering transitions in Egypt and Tunisia; and the longer-term economic and political challenges facing oil-rich Arab Gulf states.

Political, socio-religious and economic exclusion remain among the most significant catalysts of instability. Grievances that initially triggered the uprisings remain unaddressed, youth are further disenchanted and marginalized, and minority voices remain unheard as Arab states face the rising tide of radicalism and severe economic crises.