cold war beginning

Slide1: 1.After the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbian nationalists, what country began to mobilize its troops to go to Serbia’s aid? a.Great Britain c.France b.Germany d.Russia 2.How did WWI affect global affairs? a.many nations became communist-formed alliances b.participation in the war increased colonies’ desire for independence c.hereditary monarchs were restored in the great empires d.nations who participated in the war paid reparations to Germany 3.What was a major problem created by the Treaty of Versailles? a.Germany became fearful of those participants of the European Union b.resentment about the provisions contributed to growth of Nazism c.many European nations lost territory and the means to rebuild d.support for the allies decreased because of nationalist feelings 4.All of the following are major causes of the Russian Revolution of 1917 EXCEPT: a.failure of Communism c.defeat in war with Japan in 1905 b.military casualties of WWI d.abuse of political power by Czar 5.Vladimir Lenin’s promise of “peace, land, and bread” during the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 was made in an effort to: a.end France’s occupation of Russian territory b.restore Czar Nicolas back to the throne c.gain popular support to take control of the government d.resolve conflicts between the farmers and the ruling class
Slide2: 1.What region was considered the “powder keg” of Europe before the outbreak of WWI due to its ethnic clashes and nationalist uprisings? a.Ottoman Empire c.the Balkans b.Russia d.Great Britain 2.After the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbian nationalists, what country began to mobilize its troops to go to Serbia’s aid? a.Great Britain c.France b.Germany d.Russia 3.What was one of the most important events of 1917? a.the decision the United States to enter the war c.the sinking of the Lusitania b.the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand d.Woodrow Wilson running for President 4.What was a major problem created by the Treaty of Versailles? a.Germany became fearful of those participants of the European Union b.resentment about the provisions contributed to growth of Nazism c.many European nations lost territory and the means to rebuild d.support for the allies decreased because of nationalist feelings 5.How did WWI affect global affairs? a.many nations became communist-formed alliances b.participation in the war increased colonies’ desire for independence c.hereditary monarchs were restored in the great empires d.nations who participated in the war paid reparations to Germany
Today’s: Today’s SOL: WHII.12 a International Focus: How did the Cold War affect nations on a global scale? Students Will Be Able To (SWBAT): 1.Identify the causes of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. 2.Define and explain the term “Cold War.” 3.Describe and explain the major events of the Cold War.
The “Cold War” Roots: The “Cold War” Roots Russian Civil War West helped the Whites fight the Reds Yalta Conference Stalin wanted Balkan countries and eastern Europe Soviet Union began to setup Satellite Countries Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Czechoslovakia, East Germany Iron Curtain Capitalism v/s Communism Democracy v/s Dictatorship The Iron Curtain
Containment: Containment To stop the spread of Communism and the Soviet Union Official American policy towards Communism - Allow it where it already is, but not any further. Containment is first practiced in 1947 with Greece Local Communists fighting against existing Monarchy U.S. gives $400 million in aid to help Greece fight Communists Truman Doctrine “I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures….We must assist free peoples to work out their own destiny in their own way.” President Truman
Containment Continued: Containment Continued NATO v/s Warsaw Pact NATO is created in 1949 to unite countries against the spread of Communism Warsaw Pact is in response to protect Soviet Union incase of war Korean “Conflict” Korea was divided - Communist North v/s Democratic South June 25, 1950 North Korea attacks south with guns and tanks from Soviet Union June 27 U.N. votes to send troops After fighting back and forth for over a year fighting stops at the 38th Parallel Latitude - exactly where it started Proved U.S. and the west were willing to fight to stop Communism Boarder in Korean War
Containment Continued: Containment Continued Vietnam War 1954 to gain independence from France Split into North and South by treaty Supposed to hold elections to reunite country North was Communist, South was dictatorship Elections didn’t happen and North attacked south U.S. supported South Golf of Tonkin - 1964 Anti-War movements in U.S. 1975 Vietnam is united under Communist government
Other Threats: Other Threats Atomic Bomb U.S. - 1945 Soviet Union - 1949 Thought of Deterrence Arms Race Develop more Nuclear weapons than the other guy Space Race Soviets first in space Sputnik I October 4, 1957 Americans first on the moon Apollo 11 July 21, 1969
Slot Notes: Slot Notes During the 20th Century the United States and Russia entered into a “Cold War” where they competed economically, politically, and militarily. The “Cold War” never saw actual fighting between the Soviet Union and America. Instead it was between the American democratic and the Soviet dictatorship political systems, and the American capitalist and the Soviet communist system to see which was better. The Cold War has its roots as far back as the Russian Civil War from 1918-1921. The Americans supported the Whites, the side fighting against the Communists, and Russia never forgot this. The Yalta conference, that resulted in the division of Germany, let Russia establish Satellite countries, separate countries under Soviet control. The establishment of Satellite countries created an “Iron Curtain” which was a military, political, and ideological barrier that prevented the free exchange of ideas and information between the Soviet part of Europe and the democratic part of Europe.
Slide10: This led America to begin a policy of Containment where they wouldn’t let Communism spread past its current boarders. This was officially stated in the Truman Doctrine saying the U.S. would help any country being taken over by Communism. The formation of NATO (North American Treaty Organization) was to bring together countries against the Soviet Union and the spread of communism. The Soviet Union created the Warsaw Pact in response to NATO. The American policy of containment and the Truman Doctrine were used in the Korean Conflict to help the South Koreans stop the invasion of the communist North Koreans. Again in Vietnam the Truman Doctrine was used to help the South Vietnamese defend against the communist North Vietnamese. While the Korean Conflict ended in a stalemate it proved the West would fight to stop communism. The Vietnam War ended in the pull out of American troops and the unifying of the country into one communist state.
Slide11: The Cold War was also a competition felt through the arms race where the countries competed in the build up of Atomic and Nuclear weapons and their defense systems. There was also a “Space Race” where the U.S. and the Soviets competed to have the most advanced space system to prove their country was the best.
Diplomatic Debate Activity: Diplomatic Debate Activity
Cuban Missile Crisis: Cuban Missile Crisis 1961 U.S. placed 15 missiles in Turkey Russian leader Nikita Khrushchev saw them as a threat June 1962 ships going to Cuba with nuclear missiles Setup in Cuba in September 1962, not discovered by the U.S. till October 14, 1962 October 22 President Kennedy goes on t.v. – “An attack from Cuba is an attack from the Soviet Union.” U.S. considered invading Would have started nuclear war Bad intelligence Already had a Naval “Quarantine” around Cuba Instead the U.S. waits Picture of Missiles in Cuba
Missile Crisis Continued…: Missile Crisis Continued… October 25 U.N. meeting U.S. accuses Soviet Union of having missiles and being secretive. Soviets deny the missiles until the U.S. shows them pictures October 26 Khrushchev offered to withdraw missiles if U.S. promised not to invade Cuba October 27 Khrushchev added that he also wanted the U.S. to remove missiles from Turkey October 28 Kennedy publicly accepted the first deal and privately accepted the second Led to the “Hot Line” Khrushchev - Kennedy
Homework: Homework Read pages 864 – 877 Study for a quiz on the Cold War on Friday.
Checking for Understanding: Checking for Understanding How did the Yalta Conference contribute to the start of the Cold War? What are two events that put Russia and the U.S. at odds and helped lead to the Cold War? How were the U.S. and Russia economically different? How were the U.S. and Russia politically different? After WWII and the division of Europe by the major powers what did Churchill say had fallen across Europe? What was the Iron Curtain? How did President Truman want to deal with the spread of Communism? What was the purpose of NATO? What was the purpose of Warsaw? Why did the Soviet Union build the Berlin Wall? How were the Korean Conflict and the Vietnam War events of the Cold War? What happened during the Cuban Missile Crisis?