Edom has suffered like as if thieves had come to them at night. However, these robbers would only take what they wanted. Unlike grape-gatherers who leave gleanings for the poor, these attackers have pillaged Edom and taken its treasures. It was their own allies that deceived Edom. They drove them out of their own country to the border. Their former friends had prevailed against them. The very people, who they used to sit down to break bread with, were the ones who set the trap for them. Who could understand such a thing?

Babylon was like a golden cup of God’s wrath. The various nations drank this wrath from this golden cup. Thus they got drunk and went mad. Now suddenly Babylon has fallen and fell into many pieces. You can cry for her. You can try to heal her wounds, in hopes that she would be healed. Everyone tried to heal Babylon, but nothing worked. Then Yahweh said that you could cry and wail for her. Nevertheless, everyone should go to their own country. The judgment against Babylon has reached to the high heavens. Yahweh has enacted his vengeance and vindication. They were now to return to Zion, Jerusalem, to declare the works of Yahweh, their God. Bye-bye Babylon!