The Chinese Revolution of 1949

The Nationalist forces suffered from a lack of morale and rampant corruption that greatly reduced their ability to fight, and their civilian support had collapsed. The massive military retreat of Communist forces lasted a year and covered what Mao estimated as 12,500 km 25,000 ; it became known as the. In theory, he should have had an easy victory. He announced a new constitution and a National Assembly, from which the Communists, of course, would be excluded. In 1911 Mao joined the Revolution Army and fought against the.

The Cold War for Kids: Chinese Civil War

Taipei: Zhuan Chi Wen Shuan. The Chinese people were not happy with the European control over parts of their country and … the people started to gain dislike towards the Qing dynasty which had ruled China for over 2 millenniums , since the Qing dynasty did not solve the countries' problems efficiently. The Boxers were eventually defeated by an eight-nation military expedition and Beijing was occupied and subjugated by foreign troops. Initially, Chinese communists took Russian help in taking China on course of modem industrialization and five year plans were adopted to develop China industrially. The Nationalists expended needed resources on containing the Communists, rather than focusing entirely on Japan, while the Communists worked to strengthen their influence in rural society.

Chinese Revolution timeline

It was able not only to capture the Kuomintang's heavily fortified cities but also to surround and destroy strong formations of Kuomintang crack troops, a hundred thousand or several hundred thousand at a time. Following the end of and in Russia, labor struggles intensified in China. Here the communists generally treated the peasants well by paying for what they needed, and also implemented popular social-economic policies. At that time, the communists had to break out and move elsewhere to survive. They had already captured Formosa, which is now known as Taiwan, and Korea during the first Sino-Japanese War at the end of the 1800s.

Mao Zedong outlines the new Chinese government

Moreover, the communists organized effective guerilla campaigns against the Japanese. However, the Nationalists made a number of political missteps which eroded their support, such as a crackdown on dissent that alienated the liberals in the country. This horrible failure caused Mao to lose power for a time. In these six months, the number of enemy divisions entirely wiped out was 15 more than the grand total for the previous two years. Spence, The Gate of Heavenly Peace. China in the 1800s had suffered at the hands of Western powers who were essentially exerting their own imperial influence in China. Its members were very favorably impressed by Mao and his movement.

A summary of the Chinese Revolution

Even under imperial rule, the Chinese military was not one consolidated body. The Routledge Companion to World History Since 1914. Chiang Kai-shek's forces pushed as far as by 26 November 1945, meeting with little resistance. The favoured means of transport was the bicycle. He also worked as a librarian. Many intellectuals became alienated from Chiang by the end of this period because he did not introduce democratic reforms.

The Chinese Revolution of 1949

There was little reliable information about the Bolshevik revolution in China before 1920. They had to offer little by way of reform and spent much time looking after the interests of industrialists, bankers, landowners and made no effective attempts to organize mass support. In May of that year, the Soviet government fulfilled some of its earlier promises by giving up formally the old Russian concessions in Tianjin Tientsin and Hankow, as well as paying the outstanding part of the indemnity for Chinese losses incurred by Russian action in the great power intervention during the Boxer Rebellion 1900-1901. Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the Twentieth Century. See also Maurice Meisner, Mao's China and After.

The Chinese Revolution of 1949

Conflict continued intermittently until late 1937, when the two parties came together to form the to counter the threat and to prevent the country from crumbling. However, some radical Chinese intellectuals rejected the Bolshevik model; they were either supporters of democratic socialism, or joined the Guomindang Kuomingtang. Chen Duxiu, a dean at Beijing University and editor of the progressive journal, New Youth, decided to devote a special issue to Marxism; it was published on May 1, 1919, under the editorship of Li Dazhao. He was not about to seek another confrontation over China, particularly since b the U. A History of the People's Republic, revised and expanded edition, New York and London, 1986, Part I; for documents, see R. A Short History, London, Sydney,and Boston, 1984 a brief survey from 1200 to 1978. It deepened the communists' sense of destiny.