Introduction to World War II

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Transcript of Introduction to World War II

Learning Targets

At the end of this lesson you should KNOW AND BE ABLE TO (KABAT):

1. Explain how dictators and militaristic regimes arose in several countries in the 1930s. (Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, Benito Mossolini, and Hideki Tojo)2. Summarize the actions taken by aggressive regimes in Europe and Asia.3. Analyze the responses of Britain, France, and the United States to the aggressive regimes. 4. Explain the different political systems present in Europe during World War II (fascism, totalitarianism, communism, Nazism, parliamentary, Constitutional Monarchy, etc.) World War II Timeline 1929 1941 1933 Warm UpList 6 people, places, events, or political systems present during World War II. World War II "Second Great World War"1939 - 1945 Agenda

I. Warm UpII. WWII Pre-Assessment III. #TodayinHistory #WordoftheDayIV. Ideologies and LeadersV. Apocalypse - The Rise of HitlerVI. Last 5 Oct. 29, 1929 "Black Tuesday"American Stock Market Crashes 1931 1931Japanese Army Overruns Mainland China (Manchuria) 1935 1937 1938 1939 1940 193325% Unemployment in AmericaFDR's New Deal 1933Adolf Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany 1935U.S. Congress bans the sale of arms to countries at war 1935Italy invades Ethiopia 1937President Roosevelt condemns aggression in his Quarantine Speech 1939Germany invades Poland, beginning World War II 1940FDR Wins a third term 1941Germany invades the Soviet Union December 7,1941The Japanese attack Pearl Harbor Allies:FranceGreat Britain*Russia* The United States*China Sides in the War Axis:GermanyItalyJapan vs. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) Moscow Stalingrad Name of Leader: Joseph Stalin"Stalin" means "man of steel" in RussianType of Political System: Communist Dictatorship2 Facts:USSR fights with the Allied Forces in WWII. Stalin's "Great Terror" in the 1930s resulted in the death of at least 10 million people.He turned the USSR into an enormously industrial power.USSR will become USA's rival in the Cold War. London Great Britain Rome Italy Name of Leader: Benito MussoliniType of Political System: Fascist Dictatorship - Totalitarian2 Facts: In 1919 Mussolini founded the 'Fascist Party' in Italy Followers of Mussolini were known as the "Black Shirts" and fought in the streets with socialists and communists He called himself 'Il Duce', Italian for 'the leader'. Mussolini outlawed political parties, took over the press, and created a secret police. Berlin Germany Name of Leader: Adolf HitlerType of Political System: Fascist Dictatorship - Totalitarian - Nazism2 Facts: The Nazi Party was a right-wing political party, it stood for the National Socialist German Workers Party.The Nazis opposed Socialism or Communism. Ethnic German solidarity was the ultimate goal.'Master Race' - 'Aryan Nation' - 'Final Solution'Blamed Jews for all of their problems.While in prison Hitler wrote a book, 'Mein Kampf.' In it he criticized political parties, communists, and above all all Jews. (Anti-Semitic)Like Stalin and Mussolini, Hitler was the symbol of his totalitarian regime. He had a secret police, a state-controlled press, a state-controlled education system, Tokyo Japan Name of Leaders: Emperor HirohitoArmy General and Prime Minister Hideki TojoType of Political System: Constitutional Monarchy2 Facts:During the 1930s the Global Economic Problems allowed military leaders like Tojo to gain power over the government.Military leaders argued that expansion throughout Asia would solve Japan's economic problems and guarantee future security. Island EmpireHirohito has been characterized by historians as an uninvloved emperorIn 1931 Japan attacked Manchuria, a region or northeastern China, and established a puppet state.By 1937 Japan had gained control of China's major railroads and coastal ports. In the city of Nanjing, Japanese soldiers brutally murdered more than 200,000 residents and burned large portions of the city. American President Harry S. Truman would order the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (August 6-9, 1945) Nagasaki Hiroshima Paris France Name of Leader: Charles de GaulleType of Political System: Parliamentary to Semi-Presidential Republic 2 Facts: French general and statesman who led the Free French Forces during World War II. He later served as France's first President from 1959 to 1969.Maginot Line - France's defensive line and fortificationsHe escaped to Britain during the German Invasion and gave a famous radio address in June 1940, encouraging the French people to resist Nazi GermanyFrom the very beginning, de Gaulle insisted that France be treated as a great power by the other Allied Powers, despite her initial defeat.France falls to Hitler in just 35 days. Name of Leader: King George VI Prime Minister Winston ChurchillType of Political System: Parliamentary Constitutional Monarchy 2 Facts:Churchill took the lead in warning about Nazi GermanyServes as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 - 1945 and again from 1951 - 1955His steadfast refusal to consider defeat or surrender helped inspire British resistance, especially during the difficult early days of the War when Britain stood alone in its active opposition to Adolf Hitler. Washington D.C. "We shall go on to the end. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills, we shall never surrender."- Winston Churchill, June 4, 1940 1940Germany invades France(Blitzkrieg) 1940 Mexico Canada The United States of America Should the United States Enter World War II? Isolationist MovementThe United States should avoid alliances with other nationsAmericans should focus on issues at home, such as the depressionComplete neutrality was the way to keep the United States safeIntervention in a foreign war would be a mistake, just as World War I was. Interventionist MovementThe United States should work with other nations to promote collective securityAxis aggression is wrong and threatens American interestsThe United States should aid the Allied Powers, who were fighting for democracy and freedomThe United States should put pressure on the Axis Powers and prepare for war. How does American respond to the attack on Pearl Harbor and mobilize for WWII? Learning Targets -

Know And Be Able To (KABAT):

1. Outline how the United States mobilized for war after the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Agenda

I. Warm UpII. Declaration of WarIV. American Home Front Graphic OrganizerV. WWII Battles Project Maginot Line Spain Poland Austria Libya Egypt Korea China Manchuria Nanjing Pearl Harbor Pearl Harbor FDR's Declaration of War SpeechDecember 8, 1941 Women Women's Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC)More than 150,000 volunteered for service in the WAACOver 6 Million women went to work in the War IndustriesOver 57,000 nurses Served in the Army Nurse Corps, which meant constantly putting themselves in danger to care for the wounded soldiers in Europe and the Pacific theaters. Korematsu v. United States | 1944 442nd Regimental Combat Team Office of War Information(OWI) A U.S. government agency created during World War II to consolidate government information services. It operated from June 1942 until September 1945. It coordinated the release of war news for domestic use, and, using posters and radio broadcasts, worked to promote patriotism, warn about foreign spies and recruit women into war work. The Bureau of Motion Pictures (BMP) was formed under OWI to network with Hollywood. Selective Service Act Who's that whisperin' in the trees?It's two sailors and they're on leavePipes and chains and swingin' handsWho's your daddy, yes I am

Fat cat came to play now he can't run fast enoughYou had best stay away when the pushers come to shove

You got me in a sway, and I want to swing you doneNow you sailors know, where your women come for love

CHORUS

You're in a zoot suit riot Shortly after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 Japanese American Internment | Individuals of Japanese ancestry were removed and assigned to designated "military areas." On December 18, 1944, in a 6-3 decision, authored by Justice Black, the Court held that partial internment, is justified during circumstances of "emergency and peril". The 442nd is considered to be the most decorated infantry regiment in the history of the United States Army. 442nd Regimental Combat Team A unit composed almost entirely of American soldiers of Japanese descent who volunteered to fight in World War II even though their families were subject to internment. The 442nd was a self-sufficient force, and fought with uncommon distinction in Italy, southern France, and Germany. The Selective Training and Service Act of 1940This Selective Service Act required that men between the ages of 21 and 35 register with local draft boards. Later, when the U.S. entered World War II, all men aged 18 to 45 were made subject to military serviceAll men aged 18 to 65 were required to register. How did Americans on the Home Front support the war effort? If you were President Truman, taking into account the loss of life and utter devastation would you have chosen to drop the Atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and effectively end WWII? Explain your reasoning I. The Atomic BombII. Manhattan ProjectIII. The Mr. Gogan Game Show ReviewIV. Review Reader's NotebooksV. Work Time Science and Technology During World War II Jet Engines Nuclear Energy Calculating Machines Radar Penicillin | Medicine Military Use | detected objects such as bombs, planes, or enemy ships

Civilian Use | used to track weather systems and monitor automobile speeds Military Use | Allowed cryptographers to break enemy codes by detecting letter patterns and frequenciesCivilian Use | Developed into small personal computers and eventually smart phones Military Use | Enabled planes to fly much faster than non-jet-powered planesCivilian Use | Would be used in commercial airplanes Military Use | Cured soldiers' infected wounds and saved hundreds of thousands of livesCivilian Use | Used to treat bacterial infections and led to modern day vaccinations Military Use | Responsible for the creation of the Atomic Bomb as well as nuclear energy Civilian Use | The concept of nuclear fission and nuclear energy is used throughout the world today Manhattan Project Aug 6, 1945 Aug 9, 1945 Hiroshima Nagasaki American airmen dropped 'Little Boy' on the city of Hiroshima on August 6 1945, followed by 'Fat Man' over Nagasaki on August 9.