 European
Southern Observatory is an eight member, intergovernmental, European organization for astronomical
research. ESO operates astronomical observatories in Chile and has its headquarters in Garching, near
Munich, Germany.

 United
States Gemini Program (USGP) is a division of NOAO established to support national interests by
creating an international partnership between the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Chile, Argentina,
and Brazil called the Gemini Project.