A branch of biomedical science that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms, including its structure and function, disorders of the immune system, blood banking, immunisation, and organ transplantation.

Inflammation is a physical body process by which the body's white blood cells and substances they produce protects a body from infection as a result part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot which is often painful. Inflammation is often characterised by redness, swelling, warmth, and sometimes pain and some immobility.

Insomnia is a sleep disorder that is characterised by the difficulty of falling asleep. The condition may occur due to a number of factors, waking up frequently during the night with difficulty returning to sleep, waking up too early in the morning, or unrefreshing sleep.