Multiple particle systems in quantum mechanics are described by wavefunctions with many arguments. Such wavefunctions must also obey exchange symmetry or antisymmetry in order to describe the particles as indistinguishable. There are two ways to achieve this symmetry/antisymmetry, referred to in the particle physics context as to fermions and bosons, where fermions obey the Pauli exclusion principle while bosons do not. (This lecture is part of a series for a course based on Griffiths' Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. The Full playlist is at http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL65jGfVh1ilueHVVsuCxNXoxrLI3OZAPI.)

This film explores the story of the Enfield telephone exchange and the role of female operators in the development of telephone networks. The Enfield exchange was one of the last to be converted from manual to automatic switching. After closure, the Science Museum preserved a section of the switchboard which is now on display in the new Information Age gallery along with stories of the women who worked on the exchange.
Information Age tells the story of how our lives have been transformed by information and communication technologies over the last 200 years. Visithttp://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/informationage or follow the conversation online via #smInfoAge to find out more.

published:14 Nov 2014

views:30513

Short lecture on Coulomb and exchange operators in Hartree-Fock theory.
The Fock operator forms a pseudo-eigenvalue equation, where the eigenfunction is a spin orbital and the eigenvalue is the orbital energy. The Fock operator consists of the one-electron core Hamiltonian operator (electron kinetic energy plus electron-nuclear attraction to all nuclei) and the mean-field operator. The mean field operator consists of the Coulomb and exchange potential operators. Each of these operators is a sum of the Coulomb and exchange operator of all other occupied spin orbitals acting on the spin orbital, respectively. The Coulomb operator of a spin orbital represents the repulsion an electron at a point in space would experience due to the charge density of an electron in that spin orbital integrated over all space. The exchange operator does not have a similarly straightforward classical interpretation, and arises only due to quantum effects.
NotesSlide: https://i.imgur.com/N1oqgsg.png
--- About TMP Chem ---
All TMP Chem content is free for everyone, everywhere, and created independently by Trent Parker.
Email: tmpchemistry@gmail.com
--- VideoLinks ---
CoursePlaylist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIWTHEWgHG5mDr8YbrdcN1K
Chapter Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIijiVIx0yfk2ZOK-16ycji
Other Courses: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIXArfap9Tcb8izqRPvE0BK
ChannelInfo: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicLlGO4Rvpz-D6vX8MFbOn4V
--- Social Links ---
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tmpchem
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/tmpchem
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tmpchem
Imgur: https://tmpchem.imgur.com
GitHub: https://www.github.com/tmpchem
--- Equipment ---
Microphone: BlueYetiUSB Microphone
DrawingTablet: Wacom Intuos Pen and Touch Small
Drawing Program: Autodesk SketchbookExpressScreenCapture: Corel Visual Studio Pro X8

published:24 Mar 2018

views:608

You will see more and more "CryptoCriminals" being detained, arrested and "disappeared" over the next few month as the Feds come in to clean up our NEW MONETARY SYSTEM!

published:11 Sep 2018

views:6648

An overview of CBOE/Bats and how the exchanges help serve the retail community.
Sponsored by Cboe Global Markets

published:21 Dec 2017

views:328

https://www.ccn.com/breaking-worlds-biggest-stock-exchange-operator-is-launching-a-bitcoin-market/
Join my Woo Woo Crypto Tips Group https://www.patreon.com/jsnip4/memberships
WantHARDCORE TA Trades?: http://thecryptoschool.io
Crypto Apparel: http://hodlgear.net
Crypto Songs! https://www.youtube.com/c/cryptokaraoke
Where do I buy Silver from?
https://sdbullion.com/jsnip4
http://www.jmbullion.com/?utm_source=realist-news&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=Realist-News
http://www.realistnews.net
DISCLAIMER: WHILE I SPEAK ABOUT CRYPTOCURRENCIES, TOKENS, PRECIOUS METALS, AND OTHER "MARKETS". I AM NOT A FINANCIAL ADVISER AND I DO NOTCHARGE ANYONE FOR THESE YOUTUBE VIDEOS I PRODUCE EVERY DAY. THESE TYPES OF VIDEOS ARE BASED UPON MY OPINION ONLY. YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR OWN TRADING AND INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES.

published:03 Aug 2018

views:11114

Bonus Edition introduction by George Kupczak of the AT&TArchives and HistoryCenter
A film about the last few offices in the United States that, in the 1970s, had yet to convert to the dial system:
Catalina Island, CaliforniaCatalina Island has been an important little corner of the AT&T world. In fact, the link between Catalina and Los Angeles was the very first in the Bell System to be wireless. The island was linked to the mainland via a radiotelephony system all the way back in 1920. For having such a significant telephone technology first, it's ironic that this film chronicles the city's telephone technology "last".
Virginia City, Nevada
In the film, an operator — in fact, the only operator — who had been working in Virginia City since 1949 is interviewed about the prospective cutover (a cutover is a switch from one type of telephony system to another). She talks about the fact that they will have automation, and more than one operator. Virginia City hasn't grown much since then, however. The city proper still has a population of only around 850 people (2010 census).
St. Ignace, Michigan
As this city still used 1940s switchboards, the incipient electronic switching system was to completely change telephone operation in this sleepy summer tourist town. But towns with no dial service also had customers who couldn't get then-modern features like call waiting on their phones.
Footage courtesy of AT&T Archives and History Center, Warren, NJ

published:17 Jan 2013

views:26456

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....

published:11 Dec 2016

views:9395

Switzerland’s stock exchange – owned and managed by SIX – is building a fully integrated trading, settlement and custody infrastructure for digital assets. SIX is regulated as an operator of Financial Market Infrastructure (FMI) by Swiss Authorities, FINMA and the Swiss National Bank, and intends that the planned “digital asset ecosystem” – SIX DigitalExchange (“SDX”) – will enjoy the same standard of oversight and regulation. SIX Digital Exchange will be the first market infrastructure in the world to offer a fully integrated end-to-end trading, settlement and custody service for digital assets.

See also

Heartbeat (G.E.M. album)

Heartbeat (Chinese:新的心跳), styled as HEARTBEAT, is the fifth studio album of Hong Kong singer-songwriter G.E.M.. It was released on 6 November 2015 through Hummingbird Music. The album had gone through three years of production and is G.E.M.'s first album to have all songs written by her and be accompanied by music videos.

The hit with the same name of the album is also the theme song of a Chinese reality show called The Amazing Race (Season 2) which G.E.M. has taken part in.

Track listing

All songs are written by G.E.M. and produced by Lupo Groinig.

Chart Performance of Songs

Bolded Word refers to no.1 single(*) represents the song(s) is/are still on chart

The song was the second and final single to precede the Human album. Upon its release in October 2008, it garnered a generally mixed reception from music critics who applauded the song's lyrical content, its vocals and the hymnlike character, while others found the song would sound too clichéd and outdated. Never released outside North America, "Long Distance" managed to peak at number 38 on the BillboardHot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart but failed to enter the Hot 100; though it became the second consecutive Human single after "Right Here (Departed)" to reach the top spot on the Hot Dance Club Play chart. An alternate pop remix, which featured a different instruments, was serviced to mainstream radio in February 2009.

Two particle systems

Multiple particle systems in quantum mechanics are described by wavefunctions with many arguments. Such wavefunctions must also obey exchange symmetry or antisymmetry in order to describe the particles as indistinguishable. There are two ways to achieve this symmetry/antisymmetry, referred to in the particle physics context as to fermions and bosons, where fermions obey the Pauli exclusion principle while bosons do not. (This lecture is part of a series for a course based on Griffiths' Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. The Full playlist is at http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL65jGfVh1ilueHVVsuCxNXoxrLI3OZAPI.)

The Making of Information Age: Enfield Telephone Exchange

This film explores the story of the Enfield telephone exchange and the role of female operators in the development of telephone networks. The Enfield exchange was one of the last to be converted from manual to automatic switching. After closure, the Science Museum preserved a section of the switchboard which is now on display in the new Information Age gallery along with stories of the women who worked on the exchange.
Information Age tells the story of how our lives have been transformed by information and communication technologies over the last 200 years. Visithttp://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/informationage or follow the conversation online via #smInfoAge to find out more.

6:58

Computational Chemistry 4.16 - Coulomb and Exchange Operators

Computational Chemistry 4.16 - Coulomb and Exchange Operators

Computational Chemistry 4.16 - Coulomb and Exchange Operators

Short lecture on Coulomb and exchange operators in Hartree-Fock theory.
The Fock operator forms a pseudo-eigenvalue equation, where the eigenfunction is a spin orbital and the eigenvalue is the orbital energy. The Fock operator consists of the one-electron core Hamiltonian operator (electron kinetic energy plus electron-nuclear attraction to all nuclei) and the mean-field operator. The mean field operator consists of the Coulomb and exchange potential operators. Each of these operators is a sum of the Coulomb and exchange operator of all other occupied spin orbitals acting on the spin orbital, respectively. The Coulomb operator of a spin orbital represents the repulsion an electron at a point in space would experience due to the charge density of an electron in that spin orbital integrated over all space. The exchange operator does not have a similarly straightforward classical interpretation, and arises only due to quantum effects.
NotesSlide: https://i.imgur.com/N1oqgsg.png
--- About TMP Chem ---
All TMP Chem content is free for everyone, everywhere, and created independently by Trent Parker.
Email: tmpchemistry@gmail.com
--- VideoLinks ---
CoursePlaylist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIWTHEWgHG5mDr8YbrdcN1K
Chapter Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIijiVIx0yfk2ZOK-16ycji
Other Courses: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIXArfap9Tcb8izqRPvE0BK
ChannelInfo: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicLlGO4Rvpz-D6vX8MFbOn4V
--- Social Links ---
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tmpchem
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/tmpchem
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tmpchem
Imgur: https://tmpchem.imgur.com
GitHub: https://www.github.com/tmpchem
--- Equipment ---
Microphone: BlueYetiUSB Microphone
DrawingTablet: Wacom Intuos Pen and Touch Small
Drawing Program: Autodesk SketchbookExpressScreenCapture: Corel Visual Studio Pro X8

7:48

Crypto Derivative Exchange Operator DETAINED!! (Bix Weir)

Crypto Derivative Exchange Operator DETAINED!! (Bix Weir)

Crypto Derivative Exchange Operator DETAINED!! (Bix Weir)

You will see more and more "CryptoCriminals" being detained, arrested and "disappeared" over the next few month as the Feds come in to clean up our NEW MONETARY SYSTEM!

37:29

Cboe/BATS: The Proven Retail Exchange Operator

Cboe/BATS: The Proven Retail Exchange Operator

Cboe/BATS: The Proven Retail Exchange Operator

An overview of CBOE/Bats and how the exchanges help serve the retail community.
Sponsored by Cboe Global Markets

https://www.ccn.com/breaking-worlds-biggest-stock-exchange-operator-is-launching-a-bitcoin-market/
Join my Woo Woo Crypto Tips Group https://www.patreon.com/jsnip4/memberships
WantHARDCORE TA Trades?: http://thecryptoschool.io
Crypto Apparel: http://hodlgear.net
Crypto Songs! https://www.youtube.com/c/cryptokaraoke
Where do I buy Silver from?
https://sdbullion.com/jsnip4
http://www.jmbullion.com/?utm_source=realist-news&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=Realist-News
http://www.realistnews.net
DISCLAIMER: WHILE I SPEAK ABOUT CRYPTOCURRENCIES, TOKENS, PRECIOUS METALS, AND OTHER "MARKETS". I AM NOT A FINANCIAL ADVISER AND I DO NOTCHARGE ANYONE FOR THESE YOUTUBE VIDEOS I PRODUCE EVERY DAY. THESE TYPES OF VIDEOS ARE BASED UPON MY OPINION ONLY. YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR OWN TRADING AND INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES.

10:39

The Last Towns to Use Operators to Connect Calls - AT&T Archives

The Last Towns to Use Operators to Connect Calls - AT&T Archives

The Last Towns to Use Operators to Connect Calls - AT&T Archives

Bonus Edition introduction by George Kupczak of the AT&TArchives and HistoryCenter
A film about the last few offices in the United States that, in the 1970s, had yet to convert to the dial system:
Catalina Island, CaliforniaCatalina Island has been an important little corner of the AT&T world. In fact, the link between Catalina and Los Angeles was the very first in the Bell System to be wireless. The island was linked to the mainland via a radiotelephony system all the way back in 1920. For having such a significant telephone technology first, it's ironic that this film chronicles the city's telephone technology "last".
Virginia City, Nevada
In the film, an operator — in fact, the only operator — who had been working in Virginia City since 1949 is interviewed about the prospective cutover (a cutover is a switch from one type of telephony system to another). She talks about the fact that they will have automation, and more than one operator. Virginia City hasn't grown much since then, however. The city proper still has a population of only around 850 people (2010 census).
St. Ignace, Michigan
As this city still used 1940s switchboards, the incipient electronic switching system was to completely change telephone operation in this sleepy summer tourist town. But towns with no dial service also had customers who couldn't get then-modern features like call waiting on their phones.
Footage courtesy of AT&T Archives and History Center, Warren, NJ

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....

Switzerland’s stock exchange – owned and managed by SIX – is building a fully integrated trading, settlement and custody infrastructure for digital assets. SIX is regulated as an operator of Financial Market Infrastructure (FMI) by Swiss Authorities, FINMA and the Swiss National Bank, and intends that the planned “digital asset ecosystem” – SIX DigitalExchange (“SDX”) – will enjoy the same standard of oversight and regulation. SIX Digital Exchange will be the first market infrastructure in the world to offer a fully integrated end-to-end trading, settlement and custody service for digital assets.

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....

Two particle systems

Multiple particle systems in quantum mechanics are described by wavefunctions with many arguments. Such wavefunctions must also obey exchange symmetry or antisymmetry in order to describe the particles as indistinguishable. There are two ways to achieve this symmetry/antisymmetry, referred to in the particle physics context as to fermions and bosons, where fermions obey the Pauli exclusion principle while bosons do not. (This lecture is part of a series for a course based on Griffiths' Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. The Full playlist is at http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL65jGfVh1ilueHVVsuCxNXoxrLI3OZAPI.)

The Making of Information Age: Enfield Telephone Exchange

This film explores the story of the Enfield telephone exchange and the role of female operators in the development of telephone networks. The Enfield exchange was one of the last to be converted from manual to automatic switching. After closure, the Science Museum preserved a section of the switchboard which is now on display in the new Information Age gallery along with stories of the women who worked on the exchange.
Information Age tells the story of how our lives have been transformed by information and communication technologies over the last 200 years. Visithttp://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/informationage or follow the conversation online via #smInfoAge to find out more.

published: 14 Nov 2014

Computational Chemistry 4.16 - Coulomb and Exchange Operators

Short lecture on Coulomb and exchange operators in Hartree-Fock theory.
The Fock operator forms a pseudo-eigenvalue equation, where the eigenfunction is a spin orbital and the eigenvalue is the orbital energy. The Fock operator consists of the one-electron core Hamiltonian operator (electron kinetic energy plus electron-nuclear attraction to all nuclei) and the mean-field operator. The mean field operator consists of the Coulomb and exchange potential operators. Each of these operators is a sum of the Coulomb and exchange operator of all other occupied spin orbitals acting on the spin orbital, respectively. The Coulomb operator of a spin orbital represents the repulsion an electron at a point in space would experience due to the charge density of an electron in that spin orbital integrate...

published: 24 Mar 2018

Crypto Derivative Exchange Operator DETAINED!! (Bix Weir)

You will see more and more "CryptoCriminals" being detained, arrested and "disappeared" over the next few month as the Feds come in to clean up our NEW MONETARY SYSTEM!

published: 11 Sep 2018

Cboe/BATS: The Proven Retail Exchange Operator

An overview of CBOE/Bats and how the exchanges help serve the retail community.
Sponsored by Cboe Global Markets

https://www.ccn.com/breaking-worlds-biggest-stock-exchange-operator-is-launching-a-bitcoin-market/
Join my Woo Woo Crypto Tips Group https://www.patreon.com/jsnip4/memberships
WantHARDCORE TA Trades?: http://thecryptoschool.io
Crypto Apparel: http://hodlgear.net
Crypto Songs! https://www.youtube.com/c/cryptokaraoke
Where do I buy Silver from?
https://sdbullion.com/jsnip4
http://www.jmbullion.com/?utm_source=realist-news&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=Realist-News
http://www.realistnews.net
DISCLAIMER: WHILE I SPEAK ABOUT CRYPTOCURRENCIES, TOKENS, PRECIOUS METALS, AND OTHER "MARKETS". I AM NOT A FINANCIAL ADVISER AND I DO NOTCHARGE ANYONE FOR THESE YOUTUBE VIDEOS I PRODUCE EVERY DAY. THESE TYPES OF VIDEOS ARE BASED UPON MY OPINION ONLY. YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR OWN TRADING AN...

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times,...

Switzerland’s stock exchange – owned and managed by SIX – is building a fully integrated trading, settlement and custody infrastructure for digital assets. SIX is regulated as an operator of Financial Market Infrastructure (FMI) by Swiss Authorities, FINMA and the Swiss National Bank, and intends that the planned “digital asset ecosystem” – SIX DigitalExchange (“SDX”) – will enjoy the same standard of oversight and regulation. SIX Digital Exchange will be the first market infrastructure in the world to offer a fully integrated end-to-end trading, settlement and custody service for digital assets.

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times,...

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times,...

Two particle systems

Multiple particle systems in quantum mechanics are described by wavefunctions with many arguments. Such wavefunctions must also obey exchange symmetry or antis...

Multiple particle systems in quantum mechanics are described by wavefunctions with many arguments. Such wavefunctions must also obey exchange symmetry or antisymmetry in order to describe the particles as indistinguishable. There are two ways to achieve this symmetry/antisymmetry, referred to in the particle physics context as to fermions and bosons, where fermions obey the Pauli exclusion principle while bosons do not. (This lecture is part of a series for a course based on Griffiths' Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. The Full playlist is at http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL65jGfVh1ilueHVVsuCxNXoxrLI3OZAPI.)

Multiple particle systems in quantum mechanics are described by wavefunctions with many arguments. Such wavefunctions must also obey exchange symmetry or antisymmetry in order to describe the particles as indistinguishable. There are two ways to achieve this symmetry/antisymmetry, referred to in the particle physics context as to fermions and bosons, where fermions obey the Pauli exclusion principle while bosons do not. (This lecture is part of a series for a course based on Griffiths' Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. The Full playlist is at http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL65jGfVh1ilueHVVsuCxNXoxrLI3OZAPI.)

The Making of Information Age: Enfield Telephone Exchange

This film explores the story of the Enfield telephone exchange and the role of female operators in the development of telephone networks. The Enfield exchange w...

This film explores the story of the Enfield telephone exchange and the role of female operators in the development of telephone networks. The Enfield exchange was one of the last to be converted from manual to automatic switching. After closure, the Science Museum preserved a section of the switchboard which is now on display in the new Information Age gallery along with stories of the women who worked on the exchange.
Information Age tells the story of how our lives have been transformed by information and communication technologies over the last 200 years. Visithttp://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/informationage or follow the conversation online via #smInfoAge to find out more.

This film explores the story of the Enfield telephone exchange and the role of female operators in the development of telephone networks. The Enfield exchange was one of the last to be converted from manual to automatic switching. After closure, the Science Museum preserved a section of the switchboard which is now on display in the new Information Age gallery along with stories of the women who worked on the exchange.
Information Age tells the story of how our lives have been transformed by information and communication technologies over the last 200 years. Visithttp://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/informationage or follow the conversation online via #smInfoAge to find out more.

Short lecture on Coulomb and exchange operators in Hartree-Fock theory.
The Fock operator forms a pseudo-eigenvalue equation, where the eigenfunction is a spin orbital and the eigenvalue is the orbital energy. The Fock operator consists of the one-electron core Hamiltonian operator (electron kinetic energy plus electron-nuclear attraction to all nuclei) and the mean-field operator. The mean field operator consists of the Coulomb and exchange potential operators. Each of these operators is a sum of the Coulomb and exchange operator of all other occupied spin orbitals acting on the spin orbital, respectively. The Coulomb operator of a spin orbital represents the repulsion an electron at a point in space would experience due to the charge density of an electron in that spin orbital integrated over all space. The exchange operator does not have a similarly straightforward classical interpretation, and arises only due to quantum effects.
NotesSlide: https://i.imgur.com/N1oqgsg.png
--- About TMP Chem ---
All TMP Chem content is free for everyone, everywhere, and created independently by Trent Parker.
Email: tmpchemistry@gmail.com
--- VideoLinks ---
CoursePlaylist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIWTHEWgHG5mDr8YbrdcN1K
Chapter Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIijiVIx0yfk2ZOK-16ycji
Other Courses: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIXArfap9Tcb8izqRPvE0BK
ChannelInfo: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicLlGO4Rvpz-D6vX8MFbOn4V
--- Social Links ---
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tmpchem
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/tmpchem
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tmpchem
Imgur: https://tmpchem.imgur.com
GitHub: https://www.github.com/tmpchem
--- Equipment ---
Microphone: BlueYetiUSB Microphone
DrawingTablet: Wacom Intuos Pen and Touch Small
Drawing Program: Autodesk SketchbookExpressScreenCapture: Corel Visual Studio Pro X8

Short lecture on Coulomb and exchange operators in Hartree-Fock theory.
The Fock operator forms a pseudo-eigenvalue equation, where the eigenfunction is a spin orbital and the eigenvalue is the orbital energy. The Fock operator consists of the one-electron core Hamiltonian operator (electron kinetic energy plus electron-nuclear attraction to all nuclei) and the mean-field operator. The mean field operator consists of the Coulomb and exchange potential operators. Each of these operators is a sum of the Coulomb and exchange operator of all other occupied spin orbitals acting on the spin orbital, respectively. The Coulomb operator of a spin orbital represents the repulsion an electron at a point in space would experience due to the charge density of an electron in that spin orbital integrated over all space. The exchange operator does not have a similarly straightforward classical interpretation, and arises only due to quantum effects.
NotesSlide: https://i.imgur.com/N1oqgsg.png
--- About TMP Chem ---
All TMP Chem content is free for everyone, everywhere, and created independently by Trent Parker.
Email: tmpchemistry@gmail.com
--- VideoLinks ---
CoursePlaylist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIWTHEWgHG5mDr8YbrdcN1K
Chapter Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIijiVIx0yfk2ZOK-16ycji
Other Courses: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIXArfap9Tcb8izqRPvE0BK
ChannelInfo: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicLlGO4Rvpz-D6vX8MFbOn4V
--- Social Links ---
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tmpchem
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/tmpchem
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tmpchem
Imgur: https://tmpchem.imgur.com
GitHub: https://www.github.com/tmpchem
--- Equipment ---
Microphone: BlueYetiUSB Microphone
DrawingTablet: Wacom Intuos Pen and Touch Small
Drawing Program: Autodesk SketchbookExpressScreenCapture: Corel Visual Studio Pro X8

https://www.ccn.com/breaking-worlds-biggest-stock-exchange-operator-is-launching-a-bitcoin-market/
Join my Woo Woo Crypto Tips Group https://www.patreon.com/jsnip4/memberships
WantHARDCORE TA Trades?: http://thecryptoschool.io
Crypto Apparel: http://hodlgear.net
Crypto Songs! https://www.youtube.com/c/cryptokaraoke
Where do I buy Silver from?
https://sdbullion.com/jsnip4
http://www.jmbullion.com/?utm_source=realist-news&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=Realist-News
http://www.realistnews.net
DISCLAIMER: WHILE I SPEAK ABOUT CRYPTOCURRENCIES, TOKENS, PRECIOUS METALS, AND OTHER "MARKETS". I AM NOT A FINANCIAL ADVISER AND I DO NOTCHARGE ANYONE FOR THESE YOUTUBE VIDEOS I PRODUCE EVERY DAY. THESE TYPES OF VIDEOS ARE BASED UPON MY OPINION ONLY. YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR OWN TRADING AND INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES.

https://www.ccn.com/breaking-worlds-biggest-stock-exchange-operator-is-launching-a-bitcoin-market/
Join my Woo Woo Crypto Tips Group https://www.patreon.com/jsnip4/memberships
WantHARDCORE TA Trades?: http://thecryptoschool.io
Crypto Apparel: http://hodlgear.net
Crypto Songs! https://www.youtube.com/c/cryptokaraoke
Where do I buy Silver from?
https://sdbullion.com/jsnip4
http://www.jmbullion.com/?utm_source=realist-news&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=Realist-News
http://www.realistnews.net
DISCLAIMER: WHILE I SPEAK ABOUT CRYPTOCURRENCIES, TOKENS, PRECIOUS METALS, AND OTHER "MARKETS". I AM NOT A FINANCIAL ADVISER AND I DO NOTCHARGE ANYONE FOR THESE YOUTUBE VIDEOS I PRODUCE EVERY DAY. THESE TYPES OF VIDEOS ARE BASED UPON MY OPINION ONLY. YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR OWN TRADING AND INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES.

Bonus Edition introduction by George Kupczak of the AT&TArchives and HistoryCenter
A film about the last few offices in the United States that, in the 1970s, had yet to convert to the dial system:
Catalina Island, CaliforniaCatalina Island has been an important little corner of the AT&T world. In fact, the link between Catalina and Los Angeles was the very first in the Bell System to be wireless. The island was linked to the mainland via a radiotelephony system all the way back in 1920. For having such a significant telephone technology first, it's ironic that this film chronicles the city's telephone technology "last".
Virginia City, Nevada
In the film, an operator — in fact, the only operator — who had been working in Virginia City since 1949 is interviewed about the prospective cutover (a cutover is a switch from one type of telephony system to another). She talks about the fact that they will have automation, and more than one operator. Virginia City hasn't grown much since then, however. The city proper still has a population of only around 850 people (2010 census).
St. Ignace, Michigan
As this city still used 1940s switchboards, the incipient electronic switching system was to completely change telephone operation in this sleepy summer tourist town. But towns with no dial service also had customers who couldn't get then-modern features like call waiting on their phones.
Footage courtesy of AT&T Archives and History Center, Warren, NJ

Bonus Edition introduction by George Kupczak of the AT&TArchives and HistoryCenter
A film about the last few offices in the United States that, in the 1970s, had yet to convert to the dial system:
Catalina Island, CaliforniaCatalina Island has been an important little corner of the AT&T world. In fact, the link between Catalina and Los Angeles was the very first in the Bell System to be wireless. The island was linked to the mainland via a radiotelephony system all the way back in 1920. For having such a significant telephone technology first, it's ironic that this film chronicles the city's telephone technology "last".
Virginia City, Nevada
In the film, an operator — in fact, the only operator — who had been working in Virginia City since 1949 is interviewed about the prospective cutover (a cutover is a switch from one type of telephony system to another). She talks about the fact that they will have automation, and more than one operator. Virginia City hasn't grown much since then, however. The city proper still has a population of only around 850 people (2010 census).
St. Ignace, Michigan
As this city still used 1940s switchboards, the incipient electronic switching system was to completely change telephone operation in this sleepy summer tourist town. But towns with no dial service also had customers who couldn't get then-modern features like call waiting on their phones.
Footage courtesy of AT&T Archives and History Center, Warren, NJ

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for teleph...

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....

Switzerland’s stock exchange – owned and managed by SIX – is building a fully integrated trading, settlement and custody infrastructure for digital assets. SIX ...

Switzerland’s stock exchange – owned and managed by SIX – is building a fully integrated trading, settlement and custody infrastructure for digital assets. SIX is regulated as an operator of Financial Market Infrastructure (FMI) by Swiss Authorities, FINMA and the Swiss National Bank, and intends that the planned “digital asset ecosystem” – SIX DigitalExchange (“SDX”) – will enjoy the same standard of oversight and regulation. SIX Digital Exchange will be the first market infrastructure in the world to offer a fully integrated end-to-end trading, settlement and custody service for digital assets.

Switzerland’s stock exchange – owned and managed by SIX – is building a fully integrated trading, settlement and custody infrastructure for digital assets. SIX is regulated as an operator of Financial Market Infrastructure (FMI) by Swiss Authorities, FINMA and the Swiss National Bank, and intends that the planned “digital asset ecosystem” – SIX DigitalExchange (“SDX”) – will enjoy the same standard of oversight and regulation. SIX Digital Exchange will be the first market infrastructure in the world to offer a fully integrated end-to-end trading, settlement and custody service for digital assets.

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for teleph...

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for teleph...

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....

Two particle systems

Multiple particle systems in quantum mechanics are described by wavefunctions with many arguments. Such wavefunctions must also obey exchange symmetry or antisymmetry in order to describe the particles as indistinguishable. There are two ways to achieve this symmetry/antisymmetry, referred to in the particle physics context as to fermions and bosons, where fermions obey the Pauli exclusion principle while bosons do not. (This lecture is part of a series for a course based on Griffiths' Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. The Full playlist is at http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL65jGfVh1ilueHVVsuCxNXoxrLI3OZAPI.)

The Making of Information Age: Enfield Telephone Exchange

This film explores the story of the Enfield telephone exchange and the role of female operators in the development of telephone networks. The Enfield exchange was one of the last to be converted from manual to automatic switching. After closure, the Science Museum preserved a section of the switchboard which is now on display in the new Information Age gallery along with stories of the women who worked on the exchange.
Information Age tells the story of how our lives have been transformed by information and communication technologies over the last 200 years. Visithttp://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/informationage or follow the conversation online via #smInfoAge to find out more.

Computational Chemistry 4.16 - Coulomb and Exchange Operators

Short lecture on Coulomb and exchange operators in Hartree-Fock theory.
The Fock operator forms a pseudo-eigenvalue equation, where the eigenfunction is a spin orbital and the eigenvalue is the orbital energy. The Fock operator consists of the one-electron core Hamiltonian operator (electron kinetic energy plus electron-nuclear attraction to all nuclei) and the mean-field operator. The mean field operator consists of the Coulomb and exchange potential operators. Each of these operators is a sum of the Coulomb and exchange operator of all other occupied spin orbitals acting on the spin orbital, respectively. The Coulomb operator of a spin orbital represents the repulsion an electron at a point in space would experience due to the charge density of an electron in that spin orbital integrated over all space. The exchange operator does not have a similarly straightforward classical interpretation, and arises only due to quantum effects.
NotesSlide: https://i.imgur.com/N1oqgsg.png
--- About TMP Chem ---
All TMP Chem content is free for everyone, everywhere, and created independently by Trent Parker.
Email: tmpchemistry@gmail.com
--- VideoLinks ---
CoursePlaylist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIWTHEWgHG5mDr8YbrdcN1K
Chapter Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicIijiVIx0yfk2ZOK-16ycji
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ChannelInfo: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLm8ZSArAXicLlGO4Rvpz-D6vX8MFbOn4V
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--- Equipment ---
Microphone: BlueYetiUSB Microphone
DrawingTablet: Wacom Intuos Pen and Touch Small
Drawing Program: Autodesk SketchbookExpressScreenCapture: Corel Visual Studio Pro X8

https://www.ccn.com/breaking-worlds-biggest-stock-exchange-operator-is-launching-a-bitcoin-market/
Join my Woo Woo Crypto Tips Group https://www.patreon.com/jsnip4/memberships
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Crypto Apparel: http://hodlgear.net
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Where do I buy Silver from?
https://sdbullion.com/jsnip4
http://www.jmbullion.com/?utm_source=realist-news&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=Realist-News
http://www.realistnews.net
DISCLAIMER: WHILE I SPEAK ABOUT CRYPTOCURRENCIES, TOKENS, PRECIOUS METALS, AND OTHER "MARKETS". I AM NOT A FINANCIAL ADVISER AND I DO NOTCHARGE ANYONE FOR THESE YOUTUBE VIDEOS I PRODUCE EVERY DAY. THESE TYPES OF VIDEOS ARE BASED UPON MY OPINION ONLY. YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR OWN TRADING AND INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES.

The Last Towns to Use Operators to Connect Calls - AT&T Archives

Bonus Edition introduction by George Kupczak of the AT&TArchives and HistoryCenter
A film about the last few offices in the United States that, in the 1970s, had yet to convert to the dial system:
Catalina Island, CaliforniaCatalina Island has been an important little corner of the AT&T world. In fact, the link between Catalina and Los Angeles was the very first in the Bell System to be wireless. The island was linked to the mainland via a radiotelephony system all the way back in 1920. For having such a significant telephone technology first, it's ironic that this film chronicles the city's telephone technology "last".
Virginia City, Nevada
In the film, an operator — in fact, the only operator — who had been working in Virginia City since 1949 is interviewed about the prospective cutover (a cutover is a switch from one type of telephony system to another). She talks about the fact that they will have automation, and more than one operator. Virginia City hasn't grown much since then, however. The city proper still has a population of only around 850 people (2010 census).
St. Ignace, Michigan
As this city still used 1940s switchboards, the incipient electronic switching system was to completely change telephone operation in this sleepy summer tourist town. But towns with no dial service also had customers who couldn't get then-modern features like call waiting on their phones.
Footage courtesy of AT&T Archives and History Center, Warren, NJ

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....

Switzerland’s stock exchange – owned and managed by SIX – is building a fully integrated trading, settlement and custody infrastructure for digital assets. SIX is regulated as an operator of Financial Market Infrastructure (FMI) by Swiss Authorities, FINMA and the Swiss National Bank, and intends that the planned “digital asset ecosystem” – SIX DigitalExchange (“SDX”) – will enjoy the same standard of oversight and regulation. SIX Digital Exchange will be the first market infrastructure in the world to offer a fully integrated end-to-end trading, settlement and custody service for digital assets.

Telephones & Telephony playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL291BE0923F33CEB1
more at http://phones.quickfound.net/
Instructional film for telephone operators. Produced for AT&T by Audio Productions.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the Library of CongressPrelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://phones.quickfound.net/telephone_operator_girls_1899.html
- The New York Times, June 11, 1899, p.IMS10:
- HELLO! THE TELEPHONE GIRL.
- The average man might do much worse than court a telephone girl of New York. This is an opinion carefully formed after a study of the various exchanges, after several sessions of listening in by the side of on and another in active service, after chats here and there with chief operators.
- For the Miss behind the telephone, whose voice is most frequently heard in the query, "What number, please?"--she is, as a rule, a slip of a girl, barely twenty oftentimes--is a very capable young person, indeed. The writer feels inclined to put her at the head of New York's army of working girls, for her brisk intelligence, her gentle ways, and the deft way she uses her small hands...
- An exchange presents an interesting sight. About three sides of the great room, reaching very nearly to the ceiling, set in a structure that reminds one of an inner shell or wall, is a switchboard, with its projecting ledge. Along it, as closely as comfort will allow, are girls, and yet more girls. In a never-broken line they stretch on, over a hundred at a time, in an exchange like Cortlandt, girls tall and short, full-fledged women and round-faced lassies just out of the schoolroom, girls of dainty face and contour, and girls whom fate has dealt less kindly with, girls half-shabby and girls of pretty costume with wonderful little aprons about their waists. Nothing more or less than a concourse of youthful femininity that interests because of the marked diversity of the types shown...
- If it were permitted to chat with subscribers, to gossip with each other, the telephone girls would have no time. It is nothing unusual for an expert operator to answer 125 calls an hour. She may even answer 150, or two and a half a minute. On the trunk lines, where the process is simpler and where exchanges are joined (a man on Broad wanting to speak to a man on Thirty-eighth Street, for example,) as many as 600 connections are often made in an hour.
- Sometimes for five full minutes it is a mad race with the girl at the case to attend to all the demands made upon her. Perhaps, at certain hours of the day, things may calm down, and her hands, for a moment or two, lie idly in her lap. But even then she must be on the que vive for new calls, her eyes on the lookout.
- Contrary to the belief of the public, a bell does not warn the telephone girl when the customer rings up "central." A little metal disk falls, displaying the subscriber's number, and that only, with no sound, with hardly a stir...
- One of the disks of a drop falls, and the number is displayed. Quick as thought the girl takes up a plug (which itself fits in a hole, its long cord falling even below the floor,) and sticks it sharply in the hole whose number corresponds with the number on the disk. At the same instant she has thrown the little lever on a line with the plug's hole, and is already asking "What number, please?"
- If the number that comes to her ears is of the same exchange what remains to be done is simple. The plugs spoken of go in pairs. She has only to pull out its mate, and push it in the proper hole. Then throwing another cam she presses the corresponding ringing button. That rings the bell for the party called. She listens sharply for an instant, then announcing "All right. Go ahead."
- Her swiftly flying fingers are already busy with another call. One of her subscribers has called for a number on another exchange. She has the plug for his wire already in place, of course, but a more complicated connection is now to be made.
- She presses a calling circuit button on the ledge. This brings to her aid another operator, a girl at the Trunk Line switchboard, of the distant exchange. "1029 Broad," she remarks quietly through her transmitter. More quickly than the word can be written a number comes back, 10. This is the number of the hole in her switchboard in to which her second plug must go to get the Broad Street connection. The plug is slipped in, the cam thrown, the ringing button pressed...
- That is telephoning, from the telephone girl's point of view....