Introduction: Self-compassion is a new concept in personality psychology which it is based on discussed ideas in Buddhist beliefs. The purpose of this study is to predict self-efficacy and self-esteem based on self-compassion.Method: The research design is correlation. The statistical population included all students of Gilan University in 2014-2015 from whom 320 students were selected by randomized multistage cluster sampling method. They completed the self-compassion (Neff, 2003), self-efficacy (Scherer &et al, 1982) and self-esteem (Rosenberg, 1965) scales.Results: The result of correlation analysis showed that self-compassion has a direct and significant correlation with self-efficacy and self-esteem (P<0/01). Results of stepwise regression analysis showed that among self-compassion subscales, self-kindness and Self-judgment can explain 25 percent of self-efficacy changes. In addition three subscales of self-kindness, self-judgment, and common humanity can explain 13 percent of self-esteem changes.Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that self-compassion is very important in predicting self-efficacy and self-esteem.