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Integrated Water Damage Restoration System, Sensors Therefor, and Method
of Using Same

Abstract

An overall restoration system useful in removing moisture from structures
is provided. The contemplated system includes a power and control device,
a series of sensors, and a number of various different drying equipment,
all capable of communication with a remote server. The system is highly
portable, flexible and cost-efficient to manufacture and operate.

1. A method of remediating a water-damaged building, comprising:
providing a self-contained power and control device; providing at least
one drying component; providing at least one sensor; placing the at least
one drying component in a water-damaged area of the building; connecting
a power source to the power and control device; selectively directing the
current received by the power and control device to at least one of the
at least one drying component; providing drying criteria to the power and
control device; gathering moisture content data from the at least one
sensor; and using the drying criteria and the moisture content data to
control the function of the at least one drying component.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising outputting information to a
site other than the water-damaged building.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the information is outputted from the
power and control device includes information related to at least one of
current draw by the power and control device, current draw by the at
least one drying component, and data gathered by the at least one sensor.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the power and control device includes a
processor that accepts data received from the at least one sensor and
data from the at least one drying component and directs the at least one
drying component to cease functioning when a predetermined dew point
value of a given remediation area is approached.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the power and control device
communicates wirelessly with a server that is selectively accessed by a
user.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising ceasing the function of the
at least one drying component when the moisture content of the area being
remediated is dried to a predetermined level.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the power and control device, comprises:
an outer case for housing electronic circuitry, the circuitry including:
power collection and distribution circuitry, circuitry for collecting
data from the at least one sensor, circuitry for transmitting data to the
at least one drying component, circuitry to transmit data to and to
receive data from a remote server, and circuitry that aids in proper
installation, monitoring, and control of the at least one drying
component; a plurality of electrical power inlets; a plurality of
electrical power outlets; and a user interface that allows the user to
modify the amount of power supplied to at least one of the plurality of
power outlets.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the power and control device controls
and monitors at least three separate drying zones in the water-damaged
building.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one drying component
comprises at least one of a fan and a dehumidifying device.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one sensor is a
battery-powered device that measures temperature and relative humidity.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one drying component is a
dehumidifier that employs a thermal expansion valve to control the flow
of refrigerant.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one drying component is
an air mover that employs an air filtering or air treating device.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one sensor includes a
penetrating moisture sensor that includes penetrating members that
contacts moisture-damaged wood.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the penetrating moisture sensor
measures the electrical resistance of the moisture-damaged wood and
correlates the measured electrical resistance to a moisture content value
that is independent of the type of wood to which the penetrating moisture
sensor is associated.

15. A power and command device for use in remediating water-damaged
buildings, comprising: a housing for electronic circuitry and
componentry; a plurality of electrical power inlets integrated into the
housing; a plurality of electrical power outlets integrated into the
housing; a device for selectively directing power received from at least
one of the plurality of electrical power inlets to at least one of the
plurality of electrical power outlets; and a receiver for receiving data
from at least one of a sensor and a drying component.

16. The device of claim 15 further comprising a transmitter for sending
information to a remote server or a handheld electronic device.

17. The device of claim 15 further comprising a user interface that
allows a user to modify the device for selectively directing power.

18. The device of claim 15 further comprising a data storage device that
stores information from the at least one of the sensor and the drying
component.

19. The device of claim 15, wherein the electronic circuitry and
componentry includes: power collection and distribution circuitry,
circuitry for collecting data from the sensor, circuitry for transmitting
data to the drying component, circuitry to transmit data to and to
receive data from a remote server, and circuitry that aids in proper
installation, monitoring, and control of the drying component.

20. The device of claim 15, wherein the electronic circuitry and
componentry includes volatile memory, non-volatile memory upon which
firmware may be stored, a main processor and controller, and a RF engine.

21. The device of claim 20 wherein the RF engine operates on a frequency
of 2.4 GHz.

22. A power and command device, comprising: a plurality of electrical
power inlets; a plurality of electrical power outlets in communication
with the plurality of electrical power inlets; and a means for
selectively directing power received from at least one of the plurality
of electrical power inlets to at least one of the plurality of electrical
power outlets.

23. The device of claim 22, further comprising a receiver for receiving
data from at least one of a sensor and a drying component and transmitter
for sending at least a portion of the data to a remote server or to a
communication device.

24. The device of claim 22 further comprising a means for data storage.

25. The device of claim 22 further comprising an interface means that
allows a user to modify the means for selectively directing power.

26. The device of claim 25 wherein the interface means further allows the
user to monitor the status and functionality of a sensor or a drying
component that is associated with the power and command device.

Description

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent
Application Ser. No. 61/293,593, filed Jan. 8, 2010, the entire
disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein. This application
is also related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/821,958, filed
Jun. 23, 2010, entitled "Dehumidifier for Use in Water Damage
Restoration", the entire disclosure of which is incorporated by reference
herein.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to the use,
including integrated use, of various devices in a system that effectively
and efficiently removes moisture and prevents the development of mold
from growing in water damaged buildings, structures, etc.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Systems and devices are commonly used to dry walls, floors,
ceilings and other parts of the inside of a building that have been
exposed to unusually high amounts of moisture. Moisture may enter one or
more rooms of the building through any of several ways. For instance,
fire sprinklers may be activated or firefighters may douse the building
with water to control fires within the building. The building may also be
affected by a natural disaster, such as a flood. In addition, pipes may
burst or leak or fluid drainage systems may backup, thereby exposing the
building to water and moisture.

[0004] Conventional water remediation systems employ a variety of
equipment to dry water-damaged building interiors such as air movers,
i.e., electric fans, that are used to move moist air away from areas
being dried. Filters are also often used to filter airborne contaminants,
such as mold spores, from the drying air. If required, one or more
dehumidifiers may also be used to extract moisture from air located
within the building. In some situations, heaters may also be used to
increase the ambient temperature of the drying air and/or the area being
dried, which increases evaporation and decreases drying time. In other
situations, chemicals may be initially, intermittently, and/or
continually dispersed into the drying air stream, the building, or both
to inhibit the development of mold and other naturally-occurring
biological contaminants. The type of equipment, equipment settings,
equipment run times, etc., are usually determined and adjusted based upon
the level of damage and the encountered remediation environment.

[0005] Many remediation projects are performed by professional contractors
who specialize in water damage restoration and who monitor and keep
records of the conditions in remediated areas to track drying progress,
drying schedules, etc. Typically, relative humidity, absolute humidity,
air temperature, and moisture content are monitored, as these are
critical factors in determining the progress of any water remediation
effort. Most commonly, contractors measure the critical factors using
electronic sensors that output selected parameters. As one of skill in
the art will appreciate, entering a structure to obtain sensor readings
is costly and time consuming. In addition, the contractor must often
manually record and document collected data.

[0006] There are several patents that have addressed some basic water
remediation issues. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 7,243,050 to Armstrong and
U.S. Pat. No. 7,173,538 to Pedrazza et al., which are incorporated herein
in their entirety, disclose monitoring devices that receive data from
sensors that may transmit collected data to a remote server through a
communications network. The monitoring device is also capable of
receiving data from the remote server. Thus, the monitoring device can
use information either from the sensors, from the server, or a
combination of both, to control drying equipment and/or monitor drying
procedures. The monitoring devices are also disclosed as including USB
ports through which stored information can be retrieved or external data
can be uploaded.

[0007] Armstrong and Pedrazza also disclose that a single sensor may be
used in some remediation circumstances, but that a plurality of sensors
strategically placed within a structure being remediated is typical. The
sensors may include peripheral sensors connected to the monitoring device
and sensors integrated into the monitoring device. The peripheral sensors
are disclosed as being positionable inside or outside the building being
remediated. The references identify suitable sensors as including
penetrating moisture sensors, non-penetrating moisture sensors (including
scanning moisture sensors), temperature sensors (thermometers),
atmospheric pressure sensors (barometers), electric current sensors,
voltage sensors, power sensors, humidity sensors (hygrometers), mold
detectors, air particle detectors, and air flow sensors. The number and
type of sensors installed at the water-damaged building depends upon
particular remediation system implementation, the size of the building,
the number and size of rooms within the building, the estimated volume of
moisture that must be removed, and other factors recognized by those
skilled in the art.

[0008] The references also disclose that peripheral sensors may
communicate with a monitoring device in any conventional manner,
including through wires, radio frequency (RF) equipment and protocols,
and/or through virtually any analog or digital wireless communication
network and protocol. Further, the collected data can be transmitted to
the remote server by an auxiliary device in any known fashion, including
through a modem and telephone link, through cell phone communication
technologies, through an RF link, and/or through virtually any
analog/digital wireless communication system and protocol. The data sent
to the remote server could be compiled, analyzed, and used to generate
reports.

[0009] Pedrazza and Armstrong, however, fail to recognize the need for
maintaining functionality while providing a constant, flexible, and safe
power to drying equipment, which are located in a variety of remediation
sites and that require a variety of available power configurations.
Specifically, there is a need to provide a monitoring and control device
that can accept various types of electrical power available at a
restoration site and that can effectively and efficiently convert and/or
split that power so that it can be used by required drying equipment. By
combining the intelligent functionality of a monitoring device with
necessary power provision componentry into a single device, a rugged and
versatile overall power and control system is provided that can be
utilized at virtually any job site.

[0010] It will also be understood by those of skill in the art that a
remediation job may employ various drying protocols implemented by
different types of drying equipment that are operating simultaneously.
Though currently unavailable commercially, it would be advantageous to
have a single monitoring device that is capable of accepting and
transmitting data to drying equipment and/or sensors that have been
designated for use in one of several discrete drying areas located within
a single remediation site. For instance, it would be desirable to provide
a monitoring device that is able to monitor and control drying equipment
and/or sensors under varied protocols, communication channels or
frequencies. In this way, a single monitoring device can maximize its
flexibility and thus effectiveness in a given remediation setting.

[0011] It would also be advantageous to have a monitoring device that is
capable of controlling operational parameters of drying equipment. Such
parameters could include the speed of a fan, the frequency and intensity
of dehumidification preformed by a dehumidifier, the amount of
chemical(s) injected into an air flow, and/or area being remediated based
upon varying site parameters, etc. The prior art does not disclose any
device capable of such intelligent operation.

[0012] Further, neither Pedrazza nor Armstrong discloses a penetrating
moisture sensor for use in efficiently remediating a variety of wood
structures and that has a geometry that allows for effective
installation. Also, neither discloses a sensor that can operate under a
variety of conditions and still accurately estimate the moisture content
of a room being remediated. Further, neither Pedrazza nor Armstrong
discloses or teaches an overall remediation process that is enhanced by
using technologically advanced dehumidifiers, air movers, air filters,
quick connection ducting systems, etc. There is a definite need to
address all of these issues in the field.

[0013] It should be noted that terms such as "structure", "room" and
"building" are used broadly in this disclosure and are not limited to
arbitrary distinctions. For example, an entire basement or any portion
thereof might be regarded as a room, and the entire enclosed area of a
large warehouse might similarly be regarded as a room, if conditions
warrant and depending on the layout of the building. Similarly, a crawl
space, storage area or other enclosed area inside a building that needs
to be remediated might be regarded as a room, building, or structure as
those phrases are used in this application.

[0014] As used herein, the word "fan" or "air mover" can include any
powered device used primarily for blowing or otherwise moving air,
including devices that might also be called blowers, compressors, etc.
"Air filter" can include any powered or unpowered device including one or
more media designed to remove particular matter from an air flow.

[0015] The term "dehumidifier" includes any type of device that draws,
blows, or otherwise moves moisture-laden air through a condensing unit.
Typically, the air passes across exposed tubes carrying cold refrigerant
and moisture condenses on the cold surfaces of the tubes and any
additional fins, baffles, etc. The condensation drips down a vertical
surface until it reaches a low point, then it falls into a collection
basin. In commercial units the basin usually is pumped out through a hose
into a drain or tank under the control of a sensor that operates a pump
when the basin becomes full.

[0016] Chemical dispersion systems cover any form of system that is
designed to distribute chemicals into a closed area, such as a structure
or a stream of air. Air heating systems include any device that is
designed to heat air and may include propane forced air heaters and
electrical heaters.

[0017] Devices, systems and methods are disclosed herein that address the
long-felt but unresolved needs identified above. Specifically, a number
of inventions are disclosed that are designed to operate either
separately or together and that will facilitate efficient remediation of
water damaged structures. The overall system is comprised of a power and
control device, system sensors, air movers, air filters, dehumidifiers,
heaters, chemical injectors, and other required devices. Inventive
aspects of each of these devices and how they may be operated together to
produce a robust method of remediation is discussed below.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Power and Control Device

[0018] It is one aspect of the present invention to provide a power and
control device suitable for use in an area that has been exposed to a
great amount of moisture. For example, one embodiment of the present
invention is a self-contained power and control device for operating
electronic components that resists corrosion and moisture penetration.
Further, it is contemplated that the power and control device resists
corrosion and other degradation so as to not leach material into or
otherwise contaminate surrounding areas that may be damp or wet.

[0019] It is yet another aspect of the present invention to provide a
power and control device with multi-functional capabilities. More
specifically, in order to handle a variety of different tasks in a
variety of different environments, embodiments of the present invention
may include any number of devices, including, but not limited to, power
collection and redistribution capabilities, the ability to collect data
from sensors and to transmit data to drying equipment, componentry
capable of transmitting and receiving various data signals from a remote
server or location, componentry capable of aiding in the proper
installation and set up, monitoring and control of drying equipment to be
placed in a building, etc.

[0020] Those of skill will recognize that various devices of and related
to the present invention are often operated in situations and
environments with inadequate or unpredictable power sources. Accordingly,
embodiments of the present invention can accommodate various power and
current sources. For example, the power and control device may possess
the ability to select between various different current types, which is
advantageous, when 240 volt, 30 amp electrical current is not available,
for example. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention include
insulated neutral wires that minimize the risk of shock, damage, fire,
etc.

[0021] It is yet another aspect of embodiments of the present invention to
provide circuitry for set-up, monitoring, and control of drying
equipment. The circuitry may include volatile memory, non-volatile memory
upon which firmware may be stored, a main processor and controller, and a
RF engine. The circuitry may be housed on a single printed circuit board
("PCB"). More specifically, the RF engine may be comprised of a SNAPSE
all-in-one module, Model Number RF2PC6 that operates on a frequency of
2.4 GHz. The device also may utilize SNAP mesh network technology to
provide self-forming and healing node integration. Further, the RF engine
may interact directly with controllers. The PCB also may house, among
other componentry, memory devices, a debugging USB port, RF engine
interface circuitry, voltage regulation and processor configuration power
on reset circuitry, battery backup circuitry, interface-to-power control
board circuitry, Ethernet interface circuitry, and external S-RAM and
operational panel interface circuitry.

[0022] It is yet another aspect of embodiments of the present invention to
provide user interaction with a main controller. For example, information
relevant to a remediation project may be displayed on a display device,
which may include an LCD screen. During operation of the system, data
concerning environmental conditions may, but need not, periodically be
processed by the main processor and displayed on the display device.
Further, the user may have the ability to upload site-specific drying
parameters and/or information into the power and control device that can
then be used to control, configure, etc. sensors and/or drying equipment.

[0023] It is another aspect of embodiments of the present invention that
are designed to accommodate receipt and/or the sending of information
from multiple sensors. Further, it is contemplated that each sensor may
be configured to accommodate different conditions. Accordingly, different
areas having different remediation needs may be accommodated by the
system. In this manner, the control device may optimize the drying
procedures in a given area with exacting precision. Additionally,
embodiments of the present invention contemplate the use of color-coded
outlets, sensors, and other related components in order to facilitate on
site set-up and operation and provide for quick determination of related
or linked components, etc.

[0024] It is yet another aspect of embodiments of this aspect of the
present invention to provide a power and control device that possesses
wireless functionality. For example, a portable router may be integrated
or included with the power and control device. The router may be battery
powered or powered through a cord, which may be plugged into any of the
powered GFCI outlets of the power and control device. Using a suitable
patch cable, data may also be transmitted from the main processor through
an Ethernet port to the router. Data may then be transmitted over the air
to a remote server or other appropriate device.

System Sensors

[0025] It is yet another aspect of embodiments of the present invention to
provide portable or penetrating sensors capable of interacting with a
remediation system. Battery-powered sensors may be provided that monitor,
for example, relative ambient humidity and ambient temperature. Data
recorded by the contemplated sensors may be transmitted, for example, by
a transponder (e.g. RF transponder) aided by a battery or other power
source, to the power and control device in either analog or digital
format. So that multiple sensors may be utilized in a single location,
sensors may be capable of broadcasting data at various frequencies or
channels or in other ways which prevent or minimize interference.
Alternatively, sensors may be configured to send a unique identification
number as part of its transmission that is used by the power and control
device to recognize the particular sensor. Sensors may further include
the ability to be toggled on or off manually, via wireless communication,
etc.

[0026] It is yet another aspect of embodiments of the present invention to
provide sensors capable of interacting and determining moisture and
humidity characteristics without suffering adverse impacts from the same.
Sensors and electrical componentry may be enclosed within a case wherein
ambient air is allowed to enter through at least one and preferably
multiple apertures in the case. In operation, air enters the apertures
and comes in contact with the temperature and humidity sensors housed
within the case. The primary sensor system may be placed within a
structure being remediated using an integral hook or other suitable
device.

[0027] It is yet another aspect of embodiments of the present invention to
provide sensors capable of sensing and remediating wood structures. More
specifically, a penetrating moisture sensor is contemplated that
penetrates various layers of material, which may comprise a wood
structure, and provides accurate and useful drying information to the
user. The penetrating sensor of embodiments of the present invention may
comprise various features of the sensors described above in addition to a
penetrating member, such as tangs, nails, rods, screws, and similar
devices. Penetrating sensors may be shaped so that penetrating members
and the associated sensor engages firmly to corners or intersections of
walls and floors.

[0028] It is yet another aspect of embodiments of the present invention to
provide a sensor with a timer that acts in conjunction with other
componentry to measure moisture content of wood included within a
structure to be dried, such as a sill plate. The timer may be set up as a
monostable (one-shot) circuit such that when the timer is triggered, the
output of the timer is set to a high state while a capacitor charges
through the wood. When the capacitor is charged, the output is set to a
low state. The "on time" value equals the time the output of the
capacitor remains at the high state and is associated with the time
constant of the capacitor, which is the time it takes for the capacitor
to reach about 63% of full charge and is represented by the formula
TC=16.67 RC. As the time constant is known and the capacitance value (C)
of the capacitor is known, the resistance (R) of the wood, which is
proportional to the moisture content of the wood, can be calculated. The
triggering and TC values may be measured using the RF engine present in
the primary sensor. The TC value may then be sent back to the control
device to calculate the resistance value, which is used by a main
processor of the control device to estimate the total moisture content
of, for example, the sill plate. Presets data may be further included in
the sensor to determine the level of humidity that relates to an
acceptable or desired condition.

Fan and Heater

[0029] It is another aspect of the present invention to provide an air
mover suitable for use in floor and surface drying operations. The air
mover may include at least one primary inlet, suited for drawing or in
taking air from a region generally perpendicular to a surface to be dried
and/or for connection to a duct through which air may be drawn. The air
mover may further include at least one primary exhaust suitable for
venting air toward or along a surface to be dried and/or for connection
to an air duct.

[0030] It is yet another aspect of the present invention to provide an air
mover that provides for the ability to be oriented in various different
positions, as well as be stacked or aligned with one or more additional
air movers. For example, an air mover of the present invention may
comprise various feet or extensions that allow stable placement in a
variety of positions. In addition to being positioned in what may be
considered a traditional position where the air dryer is capable of
directing air across a floor, the present invention may be positioned on
one end such that air may be directed across a surface angled relative to
a floor, such as a wall. The feet and/or extensions of embodiments of the
present invention allow for the combination of multiple units to provide
a greater flow rate of air across an area.

[0031] The contemplated air mover has multiple exhaust or intake portions.
Louvers or apertures may be provided in one portion of the air mover,
such as the bottom, such that air that is drawn in through a primary
intake and exhausted through both a primary outlet as well as through
auxiliary louvers or apertures. For example, louvers located on a bottom
portion of the air mover facilitate drying of a surface directly below
the air mover in addition to surfaces and areas located at a distance
away from the air mover. Furthermore, auxiliary air inlets may be
provided in addition to the primary inlet. The auxiliary inlets may rely
directly on an impeller to induce air intake or may rely on air velocity
within the air mover to draw in air.

[0032] It is yet another aspect of the present invention to provide an air
mover that further provides the ability to heat air. As it is known that
fluid solubility increases with temperature, it is often desirable to
increase the temperature of air before intake to an air mover, within the
air mover and/or upon exhaust from the air mover. For example, electric
heating coils or wires may be provided within at least a portion of the
primary exhaust. Heating coils or other heating mechanisms may draw
energy from various power sources, including the air mover itself, and
convert electrical energy to heat energy that heats air as it is expelled
from the air mover. Alternatively, heating coils and various other
heating mechanisms may be disposed within a main portion of the air mover
or at the inlet of the air mover. Heating devices and means may also be
incorporated at a variety of distances away from the air mover. For
example, heating mechanisms may simply warm ambient air surrounding an
air mover or may heat a specific volume of air associated with the air
mover (e.g. air within ducting connected to an air mover at a distance
from an inlet and/or exhaust).

Quick Connect Systems

[0033] It is another aspect of embodiment of the present invention to
provide for devices and systems that allow for channeling or prescribed
transfer to the air mover. Air movers as described herein may comprise
features, such as lips and/or flanges that allow for ducting to be
attached that allow for the transfer of air to and from regions that are
not necessarily located proximal to an air mover. For example, where an
area requiring remediation is an enclosed space and air immediately
surrounding an air mover may be undesirable to use for drying purposes,
air may be channeled to the enclosed space from an alternate location via
ducting. Similarly, when it is undesirable to vent air directly from a
primary exhaust of an air mover, ducting may be connected to the air
mover to serve as a conduit for transporting exhausted air to another
location.

[0034] It is another aspect of embodiments of the present invention that
allows for the attachment of various ducting materials to the air mover.
More specifically, one embodiment of the present invention contemplates
the use of various elastic members, which may further include various
fasteners and devices that facilitate attachment and removal. Devices may
include elastic cords that include gripping mechanisms that facilitate
interconnection to a lip or flange of the air mover. The gripping devices
of embodiments of the present invention may further include the ability
to slide around a circumference or boundary of an elastic member. In this
manner, gripping devices may provide the ability to gradually remove an
elastic member in addition to more convention "grip and pull" methods.
Elastic members or similar devices may further provide the ability to be
non-destructively severed in order to assist in removal and application.
It is a related aspect of one embodiment of the disclosed system to
provide a quick connect system that is capable of being integrated into a
portion of the air mover and thus reduce the risk of loss of the
connecting member. For example, at least a portion of an elastic member
may be fastened to an exterior portion of an air mover or other drying
device.

Air Filter and Chemical Injector

[0035] It is yet another aspect of the present invention to provide an air
filter device that in some instances may interconnect with the air mover.
More specifically, one or more air filters may be connected to an inlet
of an air mover that may rely on the power and air flow associated with
the air mover to cause the air to be drawn therethrough. The air filter
may comprise attachment members for interconnection to the air mover,
such as a flange or lip portion, which is located on or near an outlet. A
filter housing, which is used to control air movement through the filter,
may also be provided that allows for removal, and replacement of internal
filter elements. The filter housing may also include clamps and other
devices for securely attaching a filter to an air mover.

[0036] It is another aspect of embodiments of the present invention to
provide an air filter that is capable of sanitizing, disinfecting, or
freshening air. For example, ozone injecting devices may be included
within the filter housing. Methods and devices for injecting ozone are
described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,839,155 to Berglund et al.,
which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein. Filter housing
devices may also employ ultraviolet light radiation emission devices and
chemical injection devices that sanitize or disinfect air, either before
or after passing through one or more filters which may be part of the
device.

[0037] Various embodiments of the present invention employ a filter device
(or other devices) that dispels or atomizes the captured air to
disinfect, freshen, or otherwise modify air. For example, an atomizer may
be incorporated within an air flow path of a filter device, either within
or proximal to the filter that offers a user the ability to selectively
disperse various chemicals, cleaners, and/or fragrances to an area via
the air flow produced by the filter device.

General Aspects of Embodiments of the Present Invention

[0038] It is thus an aspect of embodiments of the present invention to
provide a method of remediating a water-damaged building, comprising:
providing a self-contained power and control device; providing at least
one drying component; providing at least one sensor; placing the at least
one drying component in a water-damaged area of the building; connecting
a power source to the power and control device; selectively directing the
current received by the power and control device to at least one of the
at least one drying component; providing drying criteria to the power and
control device; gathering moisture content data from the at least one
sensor; and using the drying criteria and the moisture content data to
control the function of the at least one drying component.

[0039] It is another aspect of some embodiments of the present invention
to provide a power and command device for use in remediating
water-damaged buildings, comprising: a housing for electronic circuitry
and componentry; a plurality of electrical power inlets integrated into
the housing; a plurality of electrical power outlets integrated into the
housing; a device for selectively directing power received from at least
one of the plurality of electrical power inlets to at least one of the
plurality of electrical power outlets; and a receiver for receiving data
from at least one of a sensor and a drying component.

[0040] It is still yet another aspect of the present invention to provide
a power and command device, comprising: a plurality of electrical power
inlets; a plurality of electrical power outlets in communication with the
plurality of electrical power inlets; and a means for selectively
directing power received from at least one of the plurality of electrical
power inlets to at least one of the plurality of electrical power
outlets.

[0041] These and other advantages of the disclosed inventions will be
apparent from the disclosure of the inventions contained herein. The
above-described embodiments, objectives and configurations are neither
complete nor exhaustive. As will be appreciated, other embodiments of the
inventions are possible using, alone or in combination, one or more of
the features set forth above or described in detail below. Further, the
Summary of the Invention is neither intended nor should it be construed
as being representative of the full extent or scope of the present
inventions. Rather, the present inventions are set forth in various
levels of detail in the Summary of the Invention, as well as, in the
attached drawings and the Detailed Description of the Inventions and no
limitation as to the scope of the present inventions is intended by
either the inclusion or non-inclusion of elements, components, etc. in
this Summary of the Invention. Additional aspects of the present
invention will become more readily apparent from the Detailed
Description, particular when taken together with the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute
part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and
together with the general description of the invention given above and
the detailed description of the drawings given below, serve to explain
the principle of these inventions.

[0043] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing overall operation of one
embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of a power and control device of
one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] FIG. 3 is a rear elevation view of the power and control device;

[0046] FIGS. 4A-4E shows a preferred menu set up flow chart of one
embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] FIG. 5 is a schematic of process flow of one embodiment of the
present invention;

[0048] FIG. 6 is a typical three room layout of a one level structure
showing how the power and control device of one embodiment of the present
invention could be utilized to simultaneously control three different
drying regions within the structure;

[0049] FIG. 7 depicts a multi-level structure and the layout of two power
and control devices that can be utilized to remediate different floors of
that structure;

[0050] FIG. 8 is a front elevation view of a primary sensor of one
embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] FIG. 9 is a rear elevation view of a primary sensor of one
embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a primary sensor of one embodiment
of the present invention;

[0053] FIG. 11 is a penetrating moisture sensor of one embodiment of the
present invention as installed in a section of a structure to be
remediated;

[0054] FIG. 12 is a front perspective view of the penetrating sensor;

[0055] FIG. 13 is a rear perspective view of the penetrating sensor;

[0056] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an air mover of one embodiment of
the present invention;

[0057] FIG. 15 is another perspective of the air mover of FIG. 14;

[0058] FIG. 16 is a side elevation view of the air mover of FIG. 14;

[0059] FIG. 17 is a bottom perspective view of the air mover of FIG. 14;

[0060] FIG. 18 is a bottom perspective view of an impeller assembly used
in the air mover of FIG. 14;

[0061] FIG. 19 is a top perspective view of the impeller assembly of FIG.
18;

[0062] FIG. 20 is a side elevation view of the impeller assembly of FIG.
18;

[0063] FIG. 21 is an exploded view of the air mover and its related
impeller assembly of one embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] FIG. 22 shows portions of a quick connect system for securing
ducting to various devices of the present invention;

[0065] FIG. 23 shows portions of the quick connect system of the present
invention;

[0085] It should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to
scale. In certain instances, details that are not necessary for an
understanding of the invention or that render other details difficult to
perceive may have been omitted from these drawings. It should be
understood, of course, that the invention is not limited to the
particular embodiments illustrated in the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0086] FIG. 1 depicts a general overview of major components that may be
utilized with one embodiment of the contemplated remediation system. As
can be seen, a building being remediated 2 typically will include various
forms of electrical power 4. A power and control device 8, sensors 12,
and several drying devices, which may include an air mover 16 (which may
possess an integrated heater 20, air filter 24, or chemical injector 32),
and a dehumidifier 28, are located within the structure 2. The drying
devices may be connected to their own electrical power 4 and communicate
with the power and control device 8.

[0087] Electrical power 4 is provided to the control device 8 through
conventional wiring 44 from within the structure, such as 220 volt 30 amp
or perhaps multiple of 110 volt 15 amp currents, or from another source,
such as a portable gas powered electrical generator. The control device 8
may condition supplied electrical current to provide appropriate current
to drying devices, such as air movers 16 or sensors 12. The required
power in this configuration is supplied to such devices through
conventional wiring 48.

[0088] The control device 8 collects data from the sensors 12, which can
be stand alone devices, integrated into a drying device, or integrated
into control device 8 itself. Information may be sent to and from some or
all of the sensors and the control device via RF transmission 52
protocols or similar methods of communication. Sensors 12 can also
communicate with the control device 8 via hard wire communication methods
and devices 56. The control device 8 may send collected data to, and
receives data or instructions from, a remote hosted server 60 via any
appropriate communications network, such as a network using an RF router
to supply information over an Internet communication system 64.

[0089] The communication network to be used by the system may be any
combination of circuit switched, packet switched, analog, digital, wired
and wireless communication equipment and infrastructure suitable for
transmitting signals to the server 60. The communication network
therefore may include one or more of the following: intranet, the
internet, a cellular communication system, a wireless data system, a
public switched telephone network, a private telephone network, a
satellite communication system or point-to-point microwave system.
Depending on the particular communication network utilized, the control
device 8 may send signals in accordance with a wireless application
protocol, FCC 802.11 standards, a proprietary protocol or other types of
communication protocols.

[0090] An example of a suitable wireless link between the control device 8
and the communication network is a wireless internet link provided
through a cellular service provider. The data message signals are routed
to the hosted server 60 based on an IP address. The server 60 deciphers
the incoming signals to extract the appropriate data. The drying
procedure data is processed to generate drying procedure information that
can be displayed or otherwise presented to interested parties through
various user interfaces. The user interface could, but need not be, a web
browser application running on a computer connected to the server 60
through the internet within the communication network. By designating the
appropriate IP address, a user 68 can access the server 60 and view
drying procedure information. Additional security and authentication
mechanisms may also be utilized in some circumstances.

[0091] Control device 8 may use collected data and/or data received from
the server 60 to adjust operating parameters of drying devices 16 and 28,
heating device 20 and/or chemical injection devices 32. These operating
parameters can be communicated in a binary or analog fashion and could
include such actions as turning on or off power to a connected device or
may be more sophisticated and include sending actual operating
instructions to the device, utilizing wired and/or over the air
techniques and/or protocols.

[0092] The host server 60 could include one or more input and output
devices that facilitate bidirectional flow of information between the
control device 8 and the server 60 and the server 60 and users 68 or
other devices. The server 60 will have the ability to analyze data
received from the control device 8, utilizing that data to generate
reports and/or other appropriate content, messages or data. If data
received from control device 8 indicates fault conditions at the site
being remediated, alarms can be triggered at the structure being
remediated 2, at the hosted server 60 or at another location and/or
instructions can be sent where appropriate, such as to contractors in
charge of the particular remediation project.

[0093] Users 68 can access server 60 in any conventional manner using any
suitable communication device, including over the Internet 72 to
constantly monitor their particular remediation project, access reports,
request that certain drying equipment be disabled or that drying
equipment parameters be adjusted, etc. Users 68 typically will not,
however, through use of appropriate security software, be allowed to
monitor data collected on other projects which may reside upon the
accessed server 60.

[0094] In one embodiment of the inventions, users 68 utilize computers to
access server 60. Those computers typically will include at least an
output device, such as a video monitor or display, and an input device,
such as a keyboard or computer mouse. Other types of input and output
devices can be used in some circumstances. For example, the output device
may include a speaker and the input device may include a microphone, a
touch screen, joystick or touch pad. In accordance with known techniques,
the computer will typically be connected to the internet 72. An example
of a suitable connection includes establishing a communication link
through an internet service provider and modem connected to a
communication infrastructure, such as cable communication systems or
packet switched telecommunication networks. In some circumstances, other
techniques could be used to establish a communication link with server
60. Other suitable communication links could include wireless
communication links using WAP or WiFi connections and computer network
connections, such as Ethernet and token ring systems, for example.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, a wireless communication system could
include a cellular telephone system with packet switched mobile data
capabilities, such as ARDIS, RAM, or CDPD services. As is known, the
systems provide a communication data packet formed off line and a header
and error correction that is added prior to transmission. A dedicated
communication link, therefore, is not utilized in the exemplary
embodiment. In some situations, a circuit switched dedicated
communication link may be used. For example, a dial-in wireless internet
connection service over the cellular telephone system can be used for the
wireless communication link. Some wireless communication systems, for
example, provide wireless internet access with the user of a wireless
modem that can be connected to a laptop computer or personal digital
assistant. The wireless communication system may utilize any
communication protocol and modulation, such as, for example, code
division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA),
advanced mobile phone service (AMPS), general packet radio service (GPRS)
or global system for mobile communications (GSM) in accordance with known
techniques.

[0096] The wireless communication system also could forward data through
the internet, and possibly other communication networks, to the server
60. In some circumstances, a cellular voice channel may be used to
transmit data to the server 60. In such a circumstance, the monitoring
device or the control device 8 typically will establish a cellular call
with a modem connected to the server 60, either directly or through a
network. The call can be transmitted after data has been transferred and
reestablished as needed or it may be maintained throughout the
remediation process. One of skill in the art will appreciate that
operators may utilize smart phones to monitor the control devices and/or
modify its operating parameters.

Power and Control Device

[0097] As shown in FIGS. 2-3, the power and control device 8 is comprised
of a self-contained, rugged, and substantially fluid impermeable outer
case that safely and securely houses various electronic circuitry. The
case is preferably comprised of roto-molded polyethylene that is rigid
and not prone to damage from contact with fluid. Also, the case does not
damage the work site as it does not leach material (rust) contaminants,
even when its base is immersed in fluids for a prolonged period of time.
Metal panels may preferably be affixed to the roto-molded case at the
front and rear. The internal power and other components of the control
device 8 are assembled and affixed to these panels. Those subassemblies
are next bolted into the case to create the final power and control
device 8.

[0098] The control device 8 includes five major components: power
collection and distribution related circuitry and componentry; circuitry
and componentry to collect data from sensors and to transmit data to
drying equipment; circuitry and components to transmit data to and
receive data from a remote server; components to aid in the proper
installation and set up, monitoring and control of drying equipment to be
placed in a structure; and a power supply.

[0099] The power supply used in the control device 8 of some embodiments
is an off-the-shelf unit manufactured by TDK Lambda Americas, Inc. and
sold under the Model Number MTW15-51212. The power supply receives 8
volts AC, converting that power into three separate DC voltages: 12 volts
DC; 5 volts DC; and 3.3V comes for regulation on the main board. The 3.3
volt DC power is designed to operate the radio frequency engine of the
control device 8; the 5 volt DC power is used to power the input/output
circuitry of the control device 8; and the 12 volt DC power is used to
power the remainder of the circuitry included within the power and
control device 8.

[0100] The front panel 76 of control device 8 accommodates a plurality of
electrical power sockets 84. The sockets 84 accept 110 volt, 15 amp
electrical current or 220 volt, 30 amp electrical current. Knob 88 can be
used to select the current type that is being input into sockets 84
positioned on the front panel 76 of the control device 8. The knob 88 can
be turned to one of three positions: the off position, wherein no power
is being allowed to travel from any of the sockets 84 into control device
8; a 110 volt position wherein 110 volts of power is being supplied to
one, some, or all sockets 84; or the 220 volt position, wherein 220 volts
of power is being supplied to one, some, or all sockets 84 If the knob 88
is positioned to the 110 position and 220 volt current is supplied to
outlet 84, the control device 8 splits the incoming power equally between
two GFCI electrical outlets 92. Each of the GFCI outlets 92 are
circuit-breaker 94 protected and may receive a power cord associated with
any electrical equipment, such as drying devices.

[0101] Each of the GFCI electrical outlets 92 may be selectively
deactivated by control circuitry included within control device 8. A
person of skill will understand that a controller may send a signal that
will cause a relay and related circuitry to either apply or remove power
from sockets 92. One or more of the sockets 92 may not be under the
control of a controller 8.

[0102] The control device 8 also includes set up, monitoring and control
circuitry. The circuitry may include volatile memory, non-volatile memory
upon which firmware may be stored, a main processor and controller and a
RF engine. All of the circuitry may be housed on a single PCB and the RF
engine is comprised of a SNAPSE all-in-one module, Model Number RF100PC6.
The RF engine, which interacts directly with the controller 8, preferably
operates on a frequency of 2.4 GHz and preferably utilizes SNAP mesh
network technology to provide self-forming and/or healing node
integration. The PCB also preferably accommodates, among other
componentry, memory devices, a debugging USB port, RF engine interface
circuitry, voltage regulation and processor configuration power on reset
circuitry, battery backup circuitry, interface-to-power control board
circuitry, Ethernet interface circuitry, and external S-RAM and
operational panel interface circuitry.

[0103] The control device also may monitor current draw which will aid the
user in system operation. For example, if more than 15A are sensed, the
user will know that there is an error in the system. Also, the user can
set the controller 8 to monitor for a specific current range that will
indicate a potential system error, such as 12-15A current draw.

[0104] The power and control device 8 also includes an input and output
device that interacts with the main controller board and includes input
devices 96 and an output device 100. An input/output circuit allows the
user to input operating information into device 8 via buttons 96.
Information uploaded into control device 8 is preferably stored in
non-volatile memory. Information relevant to a remediation project may be
displayed on the output device 100, which may be an LCD screen.

[0105] Using input buttons 96, a contractor can upload site-specific
drying parameters and/or information into device 8 that can then be used
to control, configure, etc. sensors and/or drying equipment, among other
things. For instance, starting with a setup mode, after selecting a
specific channel (i.e., channel A, B or C), the control device 8 will
automatically display sensor information, that is linked to a specific
remediation zone, such as a red zone, a blue zone, or a green zone. Zones
are not related to the channels. Zones are related to the colored
circuits. However they are not part of the display setup process. The end
user has to make this connection himself. If the displayed sensor
information shows a different configuration than was actually set by the
user, then a few help screens may come up in the display device to aid
with solving the problem. If the sensor information displayed is correct,
the system displays all of the sensors with which it is communicating. If
that information is correct, the system operator can move on to the next
menu. If not, a help screen is available to help the operator solve the
problem.

[0106] After the operator is satisfied with the sensor setup, a current
menu is typically displayed. That menu will show the total number of
circuits which are being supplied with current and thus operational
within the power and control device 8. If more operational detail is
required, the operator can press an information button to obtain actual
current that is being drawn on a particular circuit located within the
power and control device 8. Next, the system automatically will check for
an Internet connection. If an Internet connection is located, the device
will automatically move to the next menu screen. If not, typically and a
few help screens will be available to help resolve the problem. Finally,
the system operator must make a decision as to whether the control device
8 will shut down the circuits when the dew point of the remediation zone
is approaching optimal. Once that decision is made, the remediation job
can be started with the control device 8 being in control.

[0107] A setup menu structure of one embodiment is shown in FIGS. 4A-E.
The startup menu of this embodiment allows the user to start a
remediation task with a minimum interaction. More specifically, it is
contemplated that four buttons be pushed to initiate startup. In
addition, three automatic system checks are contemplated, the progress of
which can be accessed by the user. Generally, unless there is an
operation issue, the end user will not have to access menus related the
system checks. The user can obtain more information about the system by
way of a general status menu.

[0108] In operation, the main processor accepts data received from
sensors, drying devices, the remote server and/or the contractor, and can
direct and control certain actions to be undertaken by drying devices,
the contractor, etc. During operation of the overall system, data
concerning environmental conditions will periodically be processed by the
main processor. Typically, and preferably, three different readings of
temperature and humidity will be utilized and averaged to calculate a dew
point per area. The control device 8 may shut down devices connected to
some or all sockets 92 when a desired dew point value is being approached
in a given remediation environment. For instance, if average temperature
and perhaps other parameters being recorded by the control device 8 are
within an appropriate range of a desired dew point, a circuit shut-down
command could occur. At this point, a controller will send a signal to a
relay, causing one or more of sockets 92 to be deprived of power.
Typically, air movers will be plugged into these sockets, thus causing
the air movers to discontinue operation. When shut down occurs, alarms
can be sounded and/or alarm messages sent to various individuals and
devices etc. The sockets 92 could be reenergized as desired by the
controller 8.

[0109] The sensors can easily be calibrated or "zeroed" to a particular
value, through use of correction factors stored at the main processor.
Specifically, upon startup, the control device 8 will obtain information
from all sensors in a given remediation zone. If those sensors are not
each registering environmental variables at the same value, the
environmental readings can be adjusted in various ways known in the field
within the control device 8. These adjusted values can then be used to
make necessary future remediation calculations without actually
recalibrating in the field each sensor.

[0110] The RF engine is preferably capable of analyzing, converting to a
digital format (if necessary) and processing data collected and
forwarding that information to the main processor. The data to be sent
may have a unique format, beginning with a unique identification number
such as a MAC number, then sensor location identification information,
followed by temperature and humidity value information, and then a
moisture content value and finally battery level information. As those
skilled in the art will realize, the information sent could be different,
sent in a different order, expanded, contracted, compressed, etc. Also,
the data could be sent constantly or only when the sensor is interrogated
by the power and control device 8 or on some other schedule or
occurrence. The RF engine also is designed to accept data sent from the
main processor and to configure that data for transmission to sensors,
drying equipment, etc.

[0111] The RF engine of one embodiment is capable of collecting and
transmitting data over many, for example at least three, frequency
ranges. By the use of these unique frequency ranges, a contractor can use
a single device 8 to communicate with multiple different sensors and/or
drying devices within a remediation structure, and have each of those
devices or series of devices be performing different functions and/or
operating synergistically in different areas of the structure being
remediated. One embodiment of the invention preserves battery life by
determining recording frequency periodically by Rh factor. For example,
if the Rh factor is greater than about 60%, frequency is reported about
every 15 minutes. If the Rh factor is less than about 60%, the frequency
is reported about every one hour.

[0112] With specific reference to FIG. 3, a back panel 108 of control
device 8 is shown. In one embodiment of the control device 8, three
sockets 110 are shown that preferably accept 110 volt, 15 amp current.
That current is supplied to three circuit-breaker 111 protected 110 volt
GFCI outlets 136. In one embodiment, these outlets are not under the
control of the main processor. Although not controlled, these circuits
preferably are current monitored. A USB connection port 104 is also
provided on back panel 108 that is in electrical communication with the
main processor and can be used to download data collected by sensors or
upload data to the main processor and from sensors, digital equipment,
the server, etc. Obviously, virtually any form of data port could be used
in place of the USB port 104.

[0113] The back panel 108 also includes an Ethernet connection port 112,
which is also in electrical communication with the main processor. Among
other things, the Ethernet port 112 may be used to facilitate data
transmission between device 8 and remote server 60. For instance, port
112 could be appropriately connected to a hard-wired network, an RF
transceiver or other over-the-air data transmission systems.

[0114] In one embodiment, device 8 is configured with a stop portion 116
of back panel 108. Between stop portion 116 and handle 120 of device 8 is
a substantially flat storage surface 124 that may receive a portable
router 128, using a cellular data card or other appropriate device. The
router 128 may be battery powered or it could be powered through cord
132, which could be plugged into any of the powered GFCI outlets 136.
Using a suitable patch cable, data may be transmitted from the main
processor through either Ethernet port 112 or USB port 104 to the router
128. That data may then be transmitted over the air to the remote server
60 or other appropriate device(s). By utilizing an external router, as
opposed to incorporating a data router into device 8 itself, the overall
flexibility of controller device 8 may be enhanced and the cost thereof
decreased. Obviously, however, the router could easily be made integral
with the controller 8.

[0115] As shown in FIG. 6, a single control device 8 could be used to
monitor and control three separate drying zones, A, B and C. As
explained, a single control device 8 may operate on three different radio
frequencies. For purposes of this disclosure, "frequency" may mean
"channel" and vice versa and should be understood to include virtually
any system, parameter, etc. Sensors ("S"), air movers ("AM"),
dehumidifiers ("DH") and other equipment may selectively be keyed to one
of several available frequencies. Specifically, data sent by sensors
using frequency 114A are recognized by control device 8 as having come
from only those sensors in zone A when device 8 is also set to zone A. A
second frequency 114B in the control device 8 may be set to a second
frequency. Again, sensors, air movers and dehumidifiers and perhaps other
drying equipment in zone B may be keyed to that frequency. When those
devices send data to the control device 8, it is sent on the zone B
frequency and is thus recognized by the control device 8 as coming from
those particular sensor devices. In that way, the control device 8 can
optimize the drying procedures in a given area with exacting precision.
The control device 8 also can operate in a third frequency 114C, again
with sensors and drying devices being keyed to that frequency, as shown
in zone C. As will be understood by those of skill in the art, by
utilizing a single control device 8 operating on three or more different
frequency ranges, it is possible to achieve great efficiencies and
precision in remediating compartmentalized structures.

[0116] In a second embodiment, each device capable of sending data to
power and control device 8 is assigned a unique identification number.
Upon configuration of the sensors and/or drying devices in a single
unique drying area of a structure, those devices' unique identification
information may be registered with control device 8. In this way, the
control device recognizes devices installed in a particular drying zone
and may thus efficiently control the drying parameters in that unique
area. The identification and pairing process can be repeated for other
unique drying areas, with the total number of unique drying areas only
being limited by the computing power and memory of control device 8.

[0117] In one embodiment, each of the controlled outlets 92 of power and
control device 8 are colored differently, typically red, blue and green.
Sensors may similarly be colored and thus coordinated with particular
outlets. Some auxiliary sensors which may be colored black, may be placed
in unaffected locations and used for control data. Finally, each of the
coordinating colors can be assigned to one of three unique control
channels recognized by power and control device 8. Through the process of
color coding, a user can easily set up various drying zones and be
certain that the setup process has been performed appropriately.

[0118] In another embodiment, a contractor may use multiple control
devices 8 in a single structure being remediated. As shown in FIG. 7, two
control devices 8 are utilized in a single wooden structure. One control
device 8 is utilized in the upper portion of the building, while the
second control device 8 is used in the lower section of the building.
Each of the devices can operate on different frequencies, thus allowing
each device to control equipment located on their particular floor
efficiency and effectively by keying the sensors and drying devices to an
appropriate frequency. In a further embodiment, each of the control
devices could utilize three separate frequencies, none of which are
overlapping. In this scenario, two control devices 8 could actually
operate multiple different remediation zones effectively and efficiently
within a single structure.

System Sensors

[0119] The remediation system of one embodiment of the disclosed invention
may utilize two types of sensors. A primary sensor 140 shown in FIGS.
8-10 that are preferably individual battery-powered devices that monitor
relative ambient humidity and ambient temperature. That data, along with
a low battery signal and moisture content information may preferably be
transmitted, via an RF transponder or other appropriate over the air
transmission device, to the control device 8. The frequency or channel
(A, B or C) through which data will be transmitted can be set utilizing
switch 144 shown in FIG. 10. Switch 146 is a power switch for turning the
sensor 140 on or off.

[0120] All the temperature and humidity sensors and electrical componentry
of the primary sensor 140 is enclosed within a moisture-permeable case
148. Ambient air enters the case 148 through a plurality of apertures 152
(FIG. 9) and comes in contact with the temperature and humidity sensors
that are housed within the case 148. The primary sensor system 140 may be
placed within a structure being remediated preferably using an integral
hook 156.

[0121] It has been recognized that wood-framed structures are one of the
more difficult structures to remediate. One of the reasons for this
difficulty is that many different materials are often layered over each
other in typical wood constructions. Measuring the moisture content of
the integral wood located at the base of a wall, typically referred to as
a "sill plate" in wood structures, can accurately predict complete drying
of all of the other materials in the wall. It is known that wood cannot
typically saturate beyond a 25% to 30% total moisture content and that
the percentage of moisture captured within wood can be determined by
measuring electrical resistance of the fluid-affected wood. The tables
provided above outline the approximate percent moisture content of wood
with respect to measured resistance. Accordingly, by measuring electrical
resistance present in a sill plate, one can determine the moisture
content of that wood and thus estimate the overall moisture content of
other materials located within the structure being remediated. A second
type of monitor to be used in embodiments of the present invention takes
advantages of these concepts and findings. More specifically, sensors 160
(FIGS. 11-13) may be provided that include all of the componentry of the
primary sensor along with a penetrating moisture content sensor.

[0122] One embodiment of the present invention provides a table that is
used by the sensor, or the user thereof, to ascertain the moisture
content of wood. More specifically, it is known that for a given time
constant and moisture content, wood will exhibit species-specific
resistance values. For example, assuming the time constant is 16.67, a
Douglas Fir having 7% moisture content will yield 22,400 megaohms of
resistance. Douglas Fir having a 25% moisture content has a resistance of
0.46 megaohms. By contrast, Black Ash has a resistance of 14,000 megaohms
at 7% moisture content and a resistance of 0.17 megaohms at 25% moisture
content. The resistance vs. moisture content values associated with
various types of wood vary dramatically as described in "Electric
Moisture Meters for Wood", William L. James, U.S. Department of
Agriculture, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-6, 1988, which is
incorporated by reference in its entirety herein. In an effort to
identify resistance values that could be used to measure the moisture
content regardless of wood type, the formula outlined above, TC=16.67 RC,
was modified to normalize species-specific data. Thus, the sensors of one
embodiment of the present invention uses a formula wherein the resistance
values of the various wood types was raised to the 0.3 power, that is:

This data is used by the sensors to enhance the overall universal
functionality of the sensors and the system.

[0124] As shown in FIGS. 11-13, a battery-operated penetrating moisture
sensor 160 of one embodiment of the present invention is in electrical
communication with the primary sensor via wire 164 that plugs into the
primary sensor via a plug as shown in FIG. 10. The sensor 160 could also
be powered from primary sensor 140 or other available power source. As
one of skill in the art will appreciate, the penetrating moisture sensor
160 could alternatively communicate with primary sensor 140 via various
over-the-air communication techniques. Data collected by the penetrating
moisture content sensor 160 may be communicated to control device 8
through the RF transponder included within the primary sensor or through
a separate transmission system.

[0125] The sensor 160 preferably includes a housing 168 and two
penetrating members 172, such as nails, screws, etc. The housing 168
preferably has an angled geometry which, as shown in FIG. 11, facilitates
its ease of use and installation into a sill plate 176 through a base
board 180, and drywall 184. Specifically, the housing 168 includes sloped
side walls that naturally place penetrating members 172 at an angle.
During installation, a contractor simply needs to place the sensor 160 on
the floor, driving the penetrating members 172 through base board 180,
drywall 184 and/or any other material and into the sill plate 176.
Moisture content of the sill plate wood 176 is measured by reading the
resistance to current flowing between each of penetrating members 172.

[0126] In one embodiment, a 7555 C-MOS RC timer is used along with other
componentry to estimate the moisture content of the sill plate. The timer
is set up as a monostable (one-shot) circuit. When the timer is
triggered, the output of the timer is set to a high state. The output
remains in the high state while the capacitor charges through the moist
wood. When the capacitor has reached its charge point, the output is set
to a low state. The charge point is lowered by placing a voltage on the
control input. This changes the TC formula described above to about 0.67
RC. That is, the "on time" is the time the output remains high and the
time constant is represented by the formula TC=16.67 RC. Since the "on
time" (TC) is known and the capacitor value is known, the resistance of
the wood can be calculated.

[0127] The triggering and TC values are preferably measured using the RF
engine present in the primary sensor. The TC value may then be sent back
to control device 8 to calculate the resistance value, which is used by
the main processor of control device 8 to estimate the total moisture
content of the sill plate wood. Once the sill plate wood reaches
approximately 8% moisture content, the structure may be considered dry
and a remediation complete signal can be generated and sent to any number
of locations, including a communication system of a contractor, such as a
cell phone, email account, pager, laptop, tablet computer, etc., to the
remote server, or to some other location. In addition, messages could be
sent to drying devices to change their parameters, shut off, etc.
Further, data messages could be sent to the server, instructing that
appropriate signals be sent to third parties and/or that final reports be
generated, etc.

Fan and Heater

[0128] Referring now to FIGS. 14-21, an air mover device 16 according to
one embodiment of the present invention is shown. The air mover 16 is
provided with a primary inlet 186 and primary outlet 190. As will be
further described, the air mover 16 includes an impeller disposed within
a housing 194. The impeller operates to draw air through the primary
inlet 186 and force it out through the primary outlet 190. Various
impellers suitable for air moving operations are known. For example, U.S.
Pat. No. 4,130,381 to Levin et al., which is incorporated by reference
herein, discloses an impeller for an axial-flow fan. Those of skill
working in the art will recognize that the size and dimensions of the
impeller and impeller blades may vary based upon desired air flow rates
to be generated.

[0129] Primary inlet 186 is equipped with a grate or similar device that
prevents unwanted entrance of debris into the device without
substantially restricting the flow rate through the inlet 186. In one
embodiment, the primary outlet 190 and corresponding exhaust flow of air
is generally perpendicular to the primary inlet 186 and corresponding
intake flow. Thus, in one embodiment, drying, ventilation, and other air
moving operations may be accomplished by drawing air from one region and
exhausting it at various speeds and flow rates in order to dry, clean, or
clear another location(e.g. a floor). Current devices known in the art,
such U.S. Pat. No. 5,403,152 to Trautloff et al., which is incorporated
by reference in its entirety herein, generally draw air in a direction
parallel to a surface to be dried. The contemplated air mover 16 draws
air primarily from a region located above the surface to be dried which
typically will have a decreased saturation level, which improves drying
efficiency.

[0130] In one embodiment, primary outlet 190 may be equipped with a grate
and/or nozzles to direct air flow and reduce risk of injury that may
result from the undesired entrance of objects into primary outlet 190.
Primary inlet 186 and primary outlet 190 may further comprise devices to
heat intake and/or exhaust flow of air as described in, for example, U.S.
Pat. No. 6,52,3194 to Turner, IV, which is incorporated by reference in
its entirety.

[0131] In addition to providing heating elements within an intake or
exhaust portion of air mover 16, heating elements may also be provided
external to the air mover 16 in order to aid in the drying processes. For
example, various devices that implement heating may operate in
conjunction with an air mover 16. Devices suitable for use in these
applications include, but are not limited to, propane forced air heaters
and electrical heater mechanisms for heating ambient air. These devices
may be incorporated within or external to the air mover 16. For example,
U.S. Pat. No. 6,615,508 to Valle, which is hereby incorporated by
reference in its entirety, discloses a floor drying system with a heater
mechanism disposed between an air intake and outlet for heating ambient
air.

[0132] Alternatively, a heating mechanism may be located external to an
air mover 16. For example, an electric coil heating mechanism or propane
forced air heater may be located within or proximal to ducting at a
distance away from the air mover 16. It will be recognized by those of
skill in the art that one advantage to attaching ducting to the present
invention is the ability to channel air from or to a variety of different
locations. Accordingly, it will be further recognized that air may be
channeled from an area including a heater or a heater may be disposed
within ducting at a location between the source air or exhaust air, etc.

[0133] Embodiments of the present invention may further include systems to
dispel or atomize substances in order to disinfect, freshen, or otherwise
modify air. For example, an atomizer may be incorporated within an air
flow path of an air mover, either within or proximal to the air mover.
Such devices offer a user the ability to selectively disperse various
chemical, cleaners, and/or fragrances to an area via the air flow
produced by the air mover 16. Various commercial devices are currently
known that provide the ability to selectively release such substances,
either continuously or on specific or random time intervals. Materials to
be used with such spraying mechanisms include, but are not limited to
desiccants, disinfectants, air fresheners, moldicides, mildewcides and
similar substances known to those working in the art.

[0134] As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, one embodiment of the disclosed device
further comprises a lip or flange portion 198 positioned around a
circumference of the primary inlet 186 and primary outlet 190. Flange
members 198 allow for quick and secure attachment of power cords 202,
extension cords, and like devices. For example, when the device 16 is not
in use, a primary power supply cord 202 or extension cords may be wrapped
around one or both of these flange portions 198. The ability to secure
various items directly to the device 16 facilitates transportation and
storage of the device 16.

[0135] Similarly, flange members 198 allow for the easy attachment of
additional devices to the air mover 16, such as ducting. It will be
recognized that the use of ducting in connection with aspects of the
present invention may be desirable where, for example, air, gas, or fluid
is to be conveyed to or from a remote location by the air mover 16.
Various ducting, such as aluminum flex tubing, convoluted tubing, rubber
hose, corrugated aluminum tubing, PVC tubing, polyester reinforced
tubing, corrugated steel wall tubing, fiberglass tubing, spiral ducting
tubing, and other similar ducting products known in the art may be used
in combination with the present invention. In one embodiment, inlet
portion 186 is constructed to receive spiral ducting, while a primary
outlet 190 is constructed to receive lay flat ducting.

[0136] Embodiments of the present invention may further comprise power
supply cords 202 and/or device for accommodating detachable power supply
cords and extension cords that may further operate as power supply
sources for additional devices. For example, a primary alternating
current power supply may be provided to the device 16 through a power
supply cord 202. The power supplied by this cord 202 may be used to run
the device 16 as well provide additional power for other devices which
may be connected by a power supply device 206. Power supply device 206
may be comprised of a GFCI socket or other similar device known in the
art to divert or share current.

[0137] The outer structure of the air mover 16 may further comprise a
handle 210 or similar means for carrying and relocating the device 16. It
will be recognized that in certain cleaning and drying operations,
frequent relocation of the device 16 may be necessary or desirable.
Accordingly, a permanent handle 210 or other means for moving the device
16 is provided in one embodiment. Current devices are known to provide
handles in the center of relatively wide air mover. Accordingly, these
devices require a large amount of effort and/or discomfort for a user to
carry or transport due to the relative distance of the handle from a
user's center of mass. Placing the handle 210 of the preferred device
toward the front addresses this shortcoming of the prior art.

[0138] In one embodiment, the present inventive air mover 16 comprises
base feet 214 (seen in FIG. 16) that elevate, support, and stabilize at
least a portion of the device 16 from an area or surface to be dried or
cleaned. Various features of the present invention, as will be described
herein, are enabled by the elevation provided by the base feet 214 when
the device 16 is utilized in horizontal operation. As will be recognized,
that the force of exhausted air in combination with wet or damp surfaces
upon which the present invention is typically used may result in the
undesired movement or translation of the device 16. Accordingly,
providing base feet 214 at least partially comprised of a rubber or
similar non-skid material may be desirable.

[0139] Furthermore, the structure of air mover 16 comprises support feet
218 that enable the air mover 16 to be positioned and operate in various
different arrangements. More specifically, support feet 218 allow for the
device 16 to be positioned in a side position (i.e., where the width of
the primary outlet 190 is positioned generally perpendicular to a planar
floor surface) or in a vertical position (i.e., where the primary outlet
190 is generally directed upward).

[0140] Support feet 218 further provide for the ability to stack, orient,
or align multiple air movers 16 in combination with each other. For
example, when it is desirable to arrange two or more air movers 16 in a
side position, corresponding support feet 214 may allow for the devices
to be stacked. In one embodiment, at least some of the support feet 218
comprise a generally flat planar surface upon which the device 16 may
rest or where additional devices of the same or similar construction may
rest. Accordingly, support feet 218 allow for the device 16 to be
arranged in various different positions or in combination with additional
devices.

[0141] Referring now to FIG. 17, a bottom view of the air mover 16 is
provided. In one embodiment, a louver 222 is provided in a bottom portion
of the air mover 16 that is comprised of a circular plate with apertures
226 formed therethrough. In one embodiment, the louver 222 is rotatably
mounted upon a portion of the device housing 194, yet is in sufficiently
close proximity and/or communication with device housing 194 to prevent
or limit air flow through or around the louver 222 when it is in a closed
position. The rotatably mounted louver 222 allows for the ability to
selectively rotate the louver to align with corresponding holes or ports
in the housing 194 when air flow through the louver 222 is desired.
Similarly, the louver 222 may be rotated so that it is misaligned with
ports in the housing 194 when air flow through the louver 222 is not
desired.

[0142] Louver 222 may be optionally closed or opened to a variety of
positions to enable air flow through a bottom portion of the air mover
16, as well as through the primary outlet 190. For example, when high
pressure operation is desired, louver 222 may be closed to render the
primary outlet 190 the exclusive exhaust port for air. When lower
pressure operation is desired, or where it is desirable to vent air to a
region located beneath the air mover 16, louver 222 may be opened, either
partially or fully, to vent air from the primary intake 186 through the
louver 222 and the primary outlet 190.

[0143] Although in one embodiment the louver 222 primarily operates as an
optional exhaust port, it will be recognized that louver 222 may
similarly operate as an air intake. For example, where air drawn in
through a primary intake 186 travels toward the primary outlet 190 at
high velocities and creates a lowered pressure within the device 16, air
may also be drawn in through the louver 222. Furthermore, although FIG.
17 depicts a louver 222 as containing generally circular apertures 226,
it will be recognized that louvers 222 of the present invention are not
limited to any specific form, shape, size, etc. For example, louver 222
may be comprised of parallel slots of various shapes and orientations
that are selectively adjustable to control or limit the amount of air
allowed to pass through the louver 222. It will also be recognized that
objects of the present invention may be accomplished without a discrete
number of louvers 222 or apertures beneath the air mover 16. For example,
the device 16 may include a portion of a bottom surface which is fully
removable, thus creating a single aperture in the bottom surface through
which air and gases may be conveyed.

[0144] Referring now to FIGS. 18-20, the impeller assembly 230 for use in
various embodiments of the present inventive air mover 16 is shown. In
one embodiment, at least one primary impeller 234 is employed to move air
and gas through various components of the present invention. Impeller 234
is driven by co-axially mounted motor 238 and further supported by a
motor stand 242. It will be recognized that various motors, including,
but not limited to, alternating current induction, alternating current
synchronous, direct current stepper, direct current brushless, and direct
current brushed motors may serve objects of the present invention.
However, it will further be recognized that various embodiments of the
present invention may be used in industrial cleaning and floor drying
situations and thus require sufficient power to move the desired volume
of air at a desired velocity. For example, one embodiment of the present
invention contemplates an exhaust flow rate of approximately 20 cubic
feet per minute at an air velocity of 24 miles per hour achieved through
the use of 1.48 amps of current.

[0145] The motor mount 242 comprises fastening member 246 capable of
securely connecting the motor assembly and impeller 234 to a portion of
the air mover 16 housing 194. In addition to providing for stability of
the motor 238 and impeller 234 during operation, fastening member 246
further offer the ability to remove the motor assembly 238 and impeller
assemblies 230 without excessive deconstruction of the air mover 16. For
example, a motor mount 242 may be directly connected to a base portion of
the device housing 194 via fasteners 246. Accordingly, the motor mount
242, motor 238, and impeller 234 may be removed as a single assembly by
removing the fasteners 246 and withdrawing the assembly through the
resulting aperture in the base portion. In this manner, various internal
components of the present invention may be quickly and easily removed
from the device for cleaning, repair, and/or replacement.

[0146] FIG. 21 is an exploded perspective view showing assembly of the air
mover 16 according to various embodiments as described herein. The
impeller 234, motor 238, and motor mount 242 assemblies may be inserted
into a bottom portion so that a center axis of the motor 238 and impeller
234 are aligned with a center axis of the primary inlet 186 and
positioned generally perpendicular to center axis of a primary outlet 190
of the air mover 16. Impeller 234 and motor stand 242 may be secured to a
portion of the device housing 194 via fasteners 246. A louver 222 may be
secured to a base portion of the motor mount 242 to optionally allow for
additional venting of air or gas through a bottom portion of the device
16. As one of skill working in the art will recognize, the assembly of
various components of the present invention may facilitate the selective
removal of one or more components. As previously described, the entire
impeller 234, motor mount 242, and louver 222 may be removed as a unit.
Alternatively, a portion or portions of this unit may be selectively
removed due to its stacked construction.

Quick Connect Systems

[0147] Referring now to FIGS. 22-26, various other features of one
embodiment of the present inventions are shown. Specifically, various
devices and methods for securing objects to an air mover 16 are depicted.
FIG. 22 depicts an elastic member 254 that may be comprised of devices
commonly referred to as bungee or shock cords, which typically consist of
one or more strands of an elastic material and which may be covered by a
sheath or housing comprised of nylon, cotton, or similar materials. In
one embodiment, the elastic member 254 is formed as a closed loop, with
its ends securely fastened together and surrounded by a projection 258
which is conducive to user operation. For example, projection 258 may be
comprised of a sphere which provides an interface for a user to grip in
order to remove, apply, or otherwise easily interact with the elastic
member 254.

[0148] The elastic member 254 may be secured around a lip or flange
portion 198 of a primary inlet 186 and/or a primary outlet 190. In one
embodiment, the elastic member(s) 254 may be used to secure ducting or
similar devices to at least one portion of device 16. For example,
ducting may be provided as a conduit to transport clean air from a
surrounding environment to an air mover 16, where it is subsequently
exhausted by the air mover 16 to dry surfaces and/or ventilate an area.
Those of skill in the art will recognize that ducting may be connected to
any, all, or none of the inlet and exhaust portions of drying equipment
in order to facilitate remediation of the building.

[0149] FIG. 23 further illustrates an elastic member 254 with a projection
258 and a lanyard or attachment member 262, which may be incorporated
with elastic member 254 of one embodiment. The lanyard or attachment
means 262 may be comprised of a variety of materials, including, but not
limited to, nylon, cotton, plastic, metals, or other materials of
sufficient durability. In one embodiment, the lanyard 262 functions to
secure the elastic member 254 to a specific device to prevent or reduce
the risk of loss or misplacement of the elastic member 254. Accordingly,
lanyard 262 may be attached to the elastic member 254 (e.g. formed as a
portion of the elastic member or stitched fixedly to the elastic member),
attached to the corresponding air mover 16, or provided as a separate
component. In one embodiment, lanyard 262 may be attached to an air mover
16 or other drying device by a screw or similar fastening means to
prevent misplacement of elastic member 254 when the elastic member 254 is
not in use to secure ducting directly to the device. Various methods for
securely connecting a lanyard 262 to a device will be recognized by those
of skill in the art. Alternatively, a lanyard 262 may be threaded
through, looped around, or formed as a protrusion of a host device 16, or
attached with a variety of other known fasteners, including, but not
limited to, Velcro, magnets, glue, etc.

[0150] FIG. 24 depicts another embodiment of the present invention wherein
an elastic member 254, a lanyard 262, and a pull tab 266 are
contemplated. In one embodiment, pull tab 266 may comprise a device for
quick removal and application of elastic member 254 to various
corresponding devices. As those of skill working in the art will
recognize, removal of the elastic member 254 may be burdensome,
particularly when the elastic member 254 is secured around the
circumference of another object and/or where the elastic member 254 is
placed in a significant amount of tension. In one embodiment, pull tab
266 may be selectively attached to the elastic member 254 and capable of
being slid or translated around a circumference of the elastic member
254, thus gradually prying the elastic member 254 from its corresponding
component 16. The device 266 and method may be particularly useful, for
example, where the elastic member 254 is secured around a lip or flange
198 of an air mover 16 or similar structure of other drying equipment.
Elastic member 254 may be further equipped with a lanyard 262 or similar
attachment means as previously described. In another embodiment, pull tab
266 may be attached to the elastic member 254. Accordingly, pull tab 266
may operate as a means for gripping at least a portion of the elastic
member 254 to facilitate application and removal. It will be recognized
that pull tab 266 of such an embodiment is not limited to any particular
shape or dimensions.

[0151] FIG. 25 depicts yet another embodiment where an elastic member 254
is equipped with a plurality of pull tabs 270. In one embodiment, pull
tabs 270 are selectively attached to elastic member 254 and thereby
allowed to slide around a circumference of the elastic member 254 to
assist in the removal or prying of the elastic member 254 from an
attached device 16. Alternatively, one or more of the pull tabs 270 may
be attached to the elastic member 254. For example, one pull tab 270 may
be affixed to the elastic member 254 while another is free to slide
around a circumference of the elastic member 254. The fixed pull tab 270
may be used to stabilize the device while the non-fixed tab may be used
in conjunction to gradually free the elastic member 254 from a variety of
other objects. In another embodiment, both pull tabs 270 may be fixedly
attached to the elastic member 254. It will be recognized that the
present invention is not limited to a specific number of pull tabs 270.
For example, where an elastic member 254 will be applied to another
device under a significant amount of tension, it may be desirable to
include pull tabs 270 in excess of two. As shown in FIG. 25, an
embodiment of the present invention with a plurality of pull tabs 270 may
further include attachment means 262 to further secure the elastic member
254 to a device.

[0152] FIG. 26 depicts yet another embodiment of the present invention
wherein opposing ends of an elastic member 254 comprise connecting
members 274, 278. As those of skill working in the art will recognize,
connecting means 274, 278 provide for easy attachment and renewal of an
elastic member 254 as connecting means 274, 278 may be readily connected
or disconnected from one another. Connecting means 274, 278 of elastic
member 254 may include, but are not limited to buckles, clasps, threaded
members, opposing hooks, latches, hook-post combinations, magnets, and
other similar devices. In one embodiment, connecting means 274, 278
comprise a post 274 and hook 278 that form a sufficient securing
mechanism when an elastic member 254 is placed is in tension, but allow
for relative ease in removal the elastic member 254.

[0153] One of skill working in the art will recognize that the present
invention 20 is not limited to a specific length, width, or elasticity.
It will be recognized that the size and restoring force of an elastic
member will vary with respect to the desired application. Accordingly,
numerous variations of size and elasticity are contemplated as within the
scope of the present invention.

The Air Filter and Chemical Injector

[0154] Referring now to FIGS. 27-37, various filter devices 282 are shown
which may be operated in connection with an air mover. Filter devices 282
are known to provide various benefits, including the removal of airborne
allergens, contaminants, and other particles. For example, U.S. Pat. No.
6,976,911 to Lanham et al., which is incorporated by reference in its
entirety herein, discloses a method and apparatus for filtering airborne
contaminants.

[0155] One advantage of filter devices 282 of the present invention is
that air filtration and purification may be accomplished by utilizing the
power generation features of other devices, such as air movers, which may
already be in operation. For example, the filter 282 may be mounted upon
a lip or flange portion 198 of air mover 16 and sealed to prevent or
minimize the amount of air that bypasses the filter stages or that
escapes from the air mover 16. In this manner, the filter 282 may
comprise a generally passive device that is free from the needs and
complications posed by energy consuming filter devices. As will be
understood by those of skill in the art, the filter may be attached to an
air mover in any suitable fashion, specifically including manufacturing
the two devices as one.

[0156] FIG. 27 depicts one embodiment of filter device 282 and comprises
one or more filter stages. For example, a first filter stage may be
disposed within an inlet portion 286 of the filter housing 290. The first
filter stage may be comprised of any one of a variety of filters
currently known in the art, or combinations thereof. For example, the
first filter stage may be comprised of a pleated electrostatic filter,
high density carbon filter, reticulated foam filter, pleated paper
filter, oiled cotton gauze filter, membrane filter, high efficiency
particulate air filter ("HEPA") filter, or other similar devices. Various
devices suitable for use in the present are known. For example, U.S. Pat.
No. 6,428,616 to Tsai et al. discloses a high efficiency particulate air
filter and method for making the same, and is incorporated by reference
in its entirety herein. U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
190609/01903477 to Workman discloses a panel-type HVAC filter and is also
hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0157] It will be recognized that an inlet portion of the filter device
282 need not be located or oriented in any specific manner. For example,
a top portion of the filter housing 290 may comprise the primary inlet of
the filter device 282, which may further include a lip or flange as
previously described.

[0158] In one embodiment, filter housing 290 may comprise a quick-release
or latch mechanism 294 to facilitate the removal and/or replacement of
filter components contained within and to facilitate easy cleaning of the
internal space of the housing. For example, a filter clamp that extends
around a circumference of the filter unit 282 may be employed to attach
and seal two portions of the filter housing 290a & b together in order to
provide an air and water tight seal, yet still allow for removal of at
least a portion of the housing 290a & b when filter components require
cleaning and/or replacement. The clamp may further comprise additional
sealing means, such as a gasket disposed within separable portions of the
filter housing 290, to further provide an air and water-proof seal for
the housing 290.

[0159] Referring now to FIGS. 28 and 29, the filter stages may be disposed
within the filter housing 290, either in replacement of or in combination
with the first filter stage. For example, a cylindrical filter 298 may be
disposed within the filter housing 290. Cylindrical filter 298 may be
comprised of any number of known filter devices as previously described.
It will be recognized that a conical filter may be employed in place of
the cylindrical filter 298. Conical filters known in the art, such as
those frequently employed in the automotive industry, may be utilized in
various embodiments of the present invention.

[0160] In another embodiment, a panel filter 300 may be disposed within
the filter housing 290 in addition to or in lieu of a filter disposed
within inlet portion 286 and/or a cylindrical filter 298 as previously
described. Various filters known in the art, including those described
herein, as well as various fiberglass and/or pleated filters may comprise
the panel filter 300 of the present invention. It will be recognized that
the scope and spirit of the present invention is not limited to any
number or specific arrangement of the above referenced filter components.
While it will be understood by those working in the art that additional
filter elements may increase the level of filtration and purification at
the expense of flow rate and pressure loss, any number of stages of
filters may be employed within the filter housing as previously
described.

[0161] In another embodiment, the filter housing 290 includes an inlet
portion 286 with a lip or flange portion which facilities the attachment
of additional devices, such as ducting. Ducting may be connected to the
inlet portion 286 through the use of various devices including, but not
limited to, elastic members 254 as previously described. Various ducting
as described above, may also be used in combination with the present
invention.

[0162] Accordingly, inlet portion 286 of filter 282 may either draw air
from the filter housing's 290 immediate surroundings, or may draw air
from another location or environment (e.g. another room or structure)
through the connected ducting. Similarly, various forms of ducting as
previously described may be attached to a flange portion 198 of a primary
outlet 190 of an air mover which is attached to the filter housing 290.

[0163] FIG. 28 depicts another embodiment of the filtration device 282
wherein the filter housing 290 is comprised of a hinged enclosure to
allow for ease of access to an interior portion of the device 282 and
filtration components housed therein. Filter housing 290 may be comprised
of two portions 304a and b, which may be hinged to allow for ease of
opening the device. In addition to being hingedly connected, housing
portions 304a and b may further be connected with a hinged arm 308 to
further facilitate opening and to prevent complete separation of the
housing portions 294. Additionally, filter housing 290 may comprise an
inlet 286 as previously described, or variations thereof.

[0164] In one embodiment, filter device 282 comprises a cylindrical
filtration unit 298 disposed within the housing 290. Filter unit 298 may
be comprised of a pleated electrostatic filter, high density carbon
filter, reticulated foam filter, pleated paper filter, oiled cotton gauze
filter, membrane filter, high efficiency particulate air filter ("HEPA")
filter, or other similar devices known in the art. Furthermore, filter
unit 298 may comprise the only filtration unit of the device 282, or may
act in series or parallel with various other filter units as previously
described.

[0165] It will be recognized that the present invention should form a
substantially sealed unit when the housing portions 304a and b are in a
closed position. Accordingly, various devices known in the art may be
utilized to accomplish a satisfactory seal of the filter housing 290. For
example, a gasket or ring may be provided around or peripheral to the
interface between housing portions 304a and b. Furthermore, a clamp or
latch mechanism may further be provided to obtain the desired seal.

[0166] FIG. 29 depicts yet another embodiment of the present invention
wherein a filter comprised of a hinged enclosure unit includes a panel
filter 300 disposed within. As previously described, panel filter 300 may
operate as the sole filter stage or may be used in conjunction with one
or more additional filter elements.

[0167] Referring now to FIGS. 30-37, a filtration device for use in
connection with an air mover 16, according to one embodiment of the
present disclosure is shown. FIG. 30 is an exploded perspective view of a
filtration device 282 according to one embodiment of the filter device.
Filtration device 282 consists of housing portions 305a and b which may
contain various filter stages 312, 316. In one embodiment, one filter
stage consists of a HEPA filter 316 which may be attached to a portion of
the housing 304a and b. Fastening member, such as retaining clips 320 may
be employed to secure a HEPA filter 316, or similar device, in a desired
location. One of skill working in the art will recognize that retaining
clips 320 may be comprised of any number of known devices, including, but
not limited to biased members capable of receiving a filter panel 316. In
one embodiment, additional panel filters 312a and b such as those
previously described may be contained within the filtration device 282.
One or more of these filter stages 312a and b may be disposed within the
filter housing and may constitute a replacement to the previously
described HEPA filter 316 or may act to filter air or fluid in addition
to HEPA filter 316.

[0168] In one embodiment, a filtration device 282 comprises a sealing
element 324 which is useful for obtaining an airtight seal between
housing portions 305a and b. One of skill working in the art will
recognize that it may be desirable to provide housing portions 305a and b
which are separable and allow for the removal and/or replacement of
filter elements 312, 316. It will further be recognized, however, that
when filter housing portions 305a and b are placed in contact with each
other, it is desirable to prevent or minimize the unwanted escape or
entrance of air from an interface between housing portions 305a and b.
Accordingly, a sealing element 324 (for example, a rubber gasket) may be
provided to reduce the risk of unwanted air flow.

[0169] Clasps 328 may also be provided to facilitate the appropriate seal
between filter housing portions 305a and b. A variety of latches or
clasps known in the art may be implemented to secure housing portions
305a and b in close communication with each other and to apply an
appropriate amount of compression on a sealing element 324. It will be
recognized that various fastening devices 328 may be used to accomplish
objectives of the present inventive air filter. For example, housing
portions 305a and b may be secured together with nuts and bolts,
c-clamps, a clamp(s) that surrounds a circumference of the unit 282,
and/or various other devices known in the art.

[0170] FIG. 33 depicts one embodiment wherein a filtration device 282 may
be secured to a portion of an air mover 16. In one embodiment, one or
more passive clamps 330 may be provided to attach a filtration device 282
to an air mover 16. Passive clamp 330 may be comprised of any number of
known devices, including, but not limited to hooks, ramped members,
magnets, and other similar fasteners. Passive clamps 330 may be fixedly
attached to a portion of the filter housing 305a and b and capable of
interfacing with a lip or flange portion 198 of an air mover 16. In one
embodiment, passive clamps 330 do not require user adjustment. However,
attachment mechanism 334 may be provided to tighten, apply, and/or remove
passive clamps 330. Attachment mechanism 334 may be comprised of, for
example, threaded holes within a portion of a housing 305b capable of
accommodating screws and similar attachment means.

[0171] In one embodiment, passive clamps 330 act in conjunction with a
screw clamp 338 as shown in FIGS. 34-37. Screw clamp 338 may communicate
with a ramped or tapered portion of a flange 198 of an air mover 16. As
the screw clamp 338 is rotated and thus driven inwards toward a flange
198, the torque applied to the screw, resulting in inward movement, and
creating resistance provided by flange portion 46 that will force the
housing portion 305b downward and in closer communication with an air
mover 16. Accordingly, tightening the screw clamp may apply greater
compression on an air mover sealing element 326 and provide a seal
between the filtration device 282 and air mover 16. Various devices may
be employed to assist the application of compression forces to sealing
element 326. For example, a bracket 342 may be employed to reduce stress
concentration imparted by the screw clamp 338. In one embodiment, the
bracket 342 extends 360 degrees around a bottom portion of the filter
housing 305b and thus facilitates the application of uniform pressure.

[0172] Various mating devices may also be employed at the interface of a
screw clamp 338 and a flange portion 198 of air mover 16 to assist in the
sealing of the unit and to mitigate damage caused to the flange 198. For
example, various known mating plates may be applied to the intersection
of the screw clamp 338 and the flange portion 198.

[0173] In one embodiment of the air filter, two passive clamps 330 and one
screw clamp 338 are provided on the housing portion 304b. These three
devices may be situated circumferentially and spaced approximately 120
degrees apart. However, the present invention is not limited to any
specific number or arrangement of passive 330 or screw 338 clamps. It
will be recognized that various embodiments, including, for example,
embodiments which utilize only passive clamps 330 and those which utilize
only screw clamps 338 are within the scope of the present invention.

[0174] Filter housing devices of various embodiments, as described herein,
may comprise additional features to aid in the filtration and
purification of air, gases, or fluids. For example, ozone injecting
devices may be included within the filter housing. Methods and devices
for injecting ozone are described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No.
5,839,155 to Berglund et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference
in its entirety herein. Filter housing devices may also include devices
such as ultraviolet light radiation means and chemical injection means to
sanitize or disinfect air, either before or after passing through filter
elements.

[0175] In various embodiments of the present invention, a filter device
(or other devices) may further include systems to dispel or atomize
substances in order to disinfect, freshen, or otherwise modify air. For
example, an atomizer may be incorporated within an air flow path of a
filter device, either within or proximal to the filter stages, and offer
a user the ability to selectively disperse various chemical, cleaners,
and/or fragrances to an area via the air flow produced by the filter
device 282. Various commercial devices are currently known which provide
the ability to selectively release such substances and/or to release
substances on specific or random time intervals. Materials to be used
with such spraying mechanisms include, but are not limited to desiccants,
disinfectants, air fresheners, and similar substances known to those
working in the art.

The Dehumidifiers

[0176] Dehumidifiers are generally comprised of a compressor 502,
evaporator 504 and condenser 512 that are interconnected by a series of
tubes that carry refrigerant. The compressor 502 delivers hot compressed
refrigerant gas to the condenser 512. The condenser 512 condenses the hot
compressed refrigerant gas into hot refrigerant liquid. An expansion
device 524 receives the refrigerant liquid from the condenser and expands
same, thereby rapidity reducing its temperature and pressure. The
evaporator 504 receives the cool liquid refrigerant from the expansion
device, producing a cold gas refrigerant, which is returned to the
compressor 502 to complete the refrigeration cycle. Air flow is directed
across the evaporator 504 to cool the air below the dew point thereof
such that water vapor, i.e. humidity, in that air is condensed to a
liquid that separates from the air, thus, dehumidifying the air. The
dehumidified air is then directed across the condenser 512 to aid in the
condensing of the refrigerant therein. For a concise explanation of
dehumidifiers and portable dehumidifiers see above-identified U.S. Pat.
No. 7,281,398. Embodiments of the present invention employ common
dehumidifiers. Other embodiments employ a dehumidifiers that include a
Thermal Expansion Valve as disclosed in U.S. Patent Application
Publication No. 20100326103. Still other embodiments employ the
dehumidifier described below.

[0177] More specifically, FIGS. 38-41 show a dehumidifier 500 of another
embodiment of the present invention that uses cold condensate from an
evaporator 504 to cool a hot discharge 508 expelled from the compressor
502. The efficiency of the dehumidifier 500 may be augmented with cold
water from an outside source. The system also produces hot or warm water
that can be used elsewhere in the system. More specifically, the hot
discharge fluid 508 taken from the compressor 502 is thermally exposed to
cool water 516 from a catch pan 520 that receives water droplets from the
evaporator 504. The hot discharge 508 is cooled prior to entering the
condenser 512, which helps the condenser 512 further cool the
refrigeration fluid of the dehumidifier. An expansion valve 524 or
capillary tube is employed between the condenser 512 and evaporator 504
to control the flow of refrigerant through the dehumidifier 500 similar
to that described above. As shown in FIG. 55, cool water 525 may be added
to the fluids 516 captured by the catch pan 520. A hose 532 may also be
associated with a tank 536 that holds the fluid taken from the evaporator
504 that drains the tank 536 or sends heated water to a second location.

[0178] While various embodiments the present invention have been described
in detail, it is apparent that modifications and alterations of those
embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art. However, it is to be
expressly understood that such modifications and alterations are within
the scope and spirit of the present invention, as set forth in the
following claims. Further, the invention(s) described herein are capable
of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in
various ways. In addition, it is to be understood that the phraseology
and terminology used herein is for the purposes of description and should
not be regarded as limiting. The use of "including," "comprising," or
"adding" and variations thereof herein are meant to encompass the items
listed thereafter and equivalents thereof, as well as, additional items.

[0179] The foregoing discussion of the invention has been presented for
purposes of illustration and description. The foregoing is not intended
to limit the invention to the form or forms disclosed herein. In the
foregoing description for example, various features of the invention have
been identified. It should be appreciated that these features may be
combined together into a single embodiment or in various other
combinations as appropriate for the intended end use of the band. The
dimensions of the component pieces may also vary, yet still be within the
scope of the invention. This method of disclosure is not to be
interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention
requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim.
Moreover, though the description of the invention has included
description of one or more embodiments and certain variations and
modifications, other variations and modifications are within the scope of
the invention, e.g. as may be within the skill and knowledge of those in
the art, after understanding the present disclosure. It is intended to
obtain rights which include alternative embodiments to the extent
permitted, including alternate, interchangeable and/or equivalent
structures, functions, ranges or steps to those claimed, whether or not
such alternate, interchangeable and/or equivalent structures, functions,
ranges or steps are disclosed herein, and without intending to publicly
dedicate any patentable subject matter.

[0180] The present invention, in various embodiments, includes components,
methods, processes, systems and/or apparatus substantially as depicted
and described herein, including various embodiments, subcombinations, and
subsets thereof. Those of skill in the art will understand how to make
and use the present invention after understanding the present disclosure.
The present invention, in various embodiments, includes providing devices
and processes in the absence of items not depicted and/or described
herein or in various embodiments hereof, including in the absence of such
items as may have been used in previous devices or processes, e.g., for
improving performance, achieving ease and\or reducing cost of
implementation. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive
aspects lie in less than all features of any single foregoing disclosed
embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into this
Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate
embodiment of the invention.