This is a beta release of the new Executive Approval Database 2.0. It includes quarterly executive approval series that combine survey marginals of executive popularity into a single smoothed series using Stimson's (1991) dyads-ratio algorithm and WCalc6 software (the R and MCALC implementations) for 50 countries from across the globe. We also include multiple series for semi-presidential systems (EXEC series combine all measures of executive popularity—president, prime minister, government). The data file includes the following three series: Approval, Net Approval (% positive - % negative ratings), and Relative Approval (% of positive ratings divided by the sum of the % of positive ratings and the % of negative ratings). Periods and countries with few input survey marginals are excluded for those periods/series from the dataset (i.e. countries with no or limited measures of negative approval do not have Net or Relative Approval series).

A note of caution: while we have attempted to ensure adequate input data for all series/time periods please double check using the data visualization tool on the website to ensure that the data meets your research/teaching needs.

If you find any errors or have additional data to contribute to the EAP please email rcarlin@gsu.edu or gjlove@olemiss.edu !

This release includes quarterly and monthly presidential approval series that combine the survey marginals of presidential popularity into a single smoothed series using Stimson's (1991) dyads-ratio algorithm and WCalc6 software for 18 Latin American countries. Data are updated at least through 2015.