22.
Freeman et al PNAS www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1319030111
Wieman commentary PNAS
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1407304111
“This meta-analysis makes a powerful case that any college or university that is teaching its
STEM courses by traditional lectures is providing an inferior education to its students”

30.
“At ﬁrst, it was very difﬁcult to adjust to Dr. Bates’
teaching style after having a <<>> prof that taught
through taking notes together.
!
After a few weeks, however, I came to understood that
this approach was extremely effective. In contrast to my
other conventional stern and dull lectures, physics class
was a very lively, interactive and inspiring environment; a
class that I looked most forward to.
!
Dr. Bates lead an interactive environment in which
students were stimulated to think amongst themselves
and learn from each other.”