Previous GeneCards Identifiers for DDX1 Gene

Summaries for DDX1 Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for DDX1 Gene

DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division. This gene encodes a DEAD box protein of unknown function. It shows high transcription levels in 2 retinoblastoma cell lines and in tissues of neuroectodermal origin. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for DDX1 Gene

Acts as an ATP-dependent RNA helicase, able to unwind both RNA-RNA and RNA-DNA duplexes. Possesses 5 single-stranded RNA overhang nuclease activity. Possesses ATPase activity on various RNA, but not DNA polynucleotides. May play a role in RNA clearance at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), thereby facilitating the template-guided repair of transcriptionally active regions of the genome. Together with RELA, acts as a coactivator to enhance NF-kappa-B-mediated transcriptional activation. Acts as a positive transcriptional regulator of cyclin CCND2 expression. Binds to the cyclin CCND2 promoter region. Associates with chromatin at the NF-kappa-B promoter region via association with RELA. Binds to poly(A) RNA. May be involved in 3-end cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs. Component of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex required to facilitate the enzymatic turnover of catalytic subunit RTCB: together with archease (ZBTB8OS), acts by facilitating the guanylylation of RTCB, a key intermediate step in tRNA ligation (PubMed:24870230). Required for HIV-1 Rev function as well as for HIV-1 replication. Binds to the RRE sequence of HIV-1 mRNAs.

Acts as an ATP-dependent RNA helicase, able to unwind both RNA-RNA and RNA-DNA duplexes. Possesses 5 single-stranded RNA overhang nuclease activity. Possesses ATPase activity on various RNA, but not DNA polynucleotides. May play a role in RNA clearance at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), thereby facilitating the template-guided repair of transcriptionally active regions of the genome. Together with RELA, acts as a coactivator to enhance NF-kappa-B-mediated transcriptional activation. Acts as a positive transcriptional regulator of cyclin CCND2 expression. Binds to the cyclin CCND2 promoter region. Associates with chromatin at the NF-kappa-B promoter region via association with RELA. Binds to poly(A) RNA. May be involved in 3-end cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs. Component of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex required to facilitate the enzymatic turnover of catalytic subunit RTCB: together with archease (ZBTB8OS), acts by facilitating the guanylylation of RTCB, a key intermediate step in tRNA ligation (PubMed:24870230). Required for HIV-1 Rev function as well as for HIV-1 replication. Binds to the RRE sequence of HIV-1 mRNAs.

Localization for DDX1 Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for DDX1 Gene

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Localized with MBNL1, TIAL1 and YBX1 in stress granules upon stress. Localized with CSTF2 in cleavage bodies. Forms large aggregates called DDX1 bodies. Relocalized into multiple foci (IR-induced foci or IRIF) after IR treatment, a process that depends on the presence of chromosomal DNA and/or RNA-DNA duplexes. Relocalized at sites of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in an ATM-dependent manner after IR treatment. Colocalized with RELA in the nucleus upon TNF-alpha induction. Relocalized to the cytoplasm with a perinuclear staining pattern in avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV)-infected cells. Required for proper localization of HIV-1 Rev. Enters into the nucleus in case of active transcription while it accumulates in cytosol when transcription level is low (PubMed:24608264). {ECO:0000269 PubMed:24608264}.