aloft associated with thermal (temperature advection) development of the pattern (e.g., pressure rises/falls)

Vertical motion

Related to Divergence/Convergence

aloft associated with thermal (sensible heating/cooling) development of the pattern (e.g., pressure rises/falls)

Visualization

Vertical
Motion Associated With

"Dynamic*" Surface Pressure Systems(Terms A and B)

*Generally connected to the stronger flow patterns associated with jet streams/low level jets etc. of baroclinic systems. However, Term C can modify the effects of Terms and B.

Vertical Motion Associated With "Thermal*" Surface Pressure Systems

(Term C)

*Seen uniquely only when Terms A and B are small or negligible. Generally connected to the usually weaker flow patterns (with no temperature advection) of barotropic systems.

The magnitude of the vertical velocity at a given level is directly proportional to (Term A + Term B + Term C + Term D). Note that meteorologists tend to look at each of these terms in isolation from one another. In the real atmosphere, Term C accounts alone for vertical velocity fields (and pressure patterns) only if the other terms are small/negligible, for example, during the summer over the middle latitude continents.

2. Non-synoptic Scale (Not what forecasters refer to as "Dynamics")

1.Fronts (Solenoidally-direct): Upward in warm air,
downward in cold air