"· Spare capacity, which ensures that there is a back-up or alternative available when a vital component of a system fails.· Flexibility, the ability to change, evolve, and adapt in the face of disaster.· Limited or "safe" failure, which prevents failures from rippling across systems.· Rapid rebound, the capacity to re-establish function and avoid long-term disruptions.

. Constant learning, with robust feedback loops that sense and allow new solutions as conditions change."