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The state is home to138 cities, 36 townships and 15 villages that last year were considered to be financially distressed due in part to underfunded pensions and decreasing revenue sharing payments from the state.

Statewide, unfunded pension liabilities for local governments are roughly $7.5 billion, in addition to $10 billion in unfunded healthcare liabilities. On average, local pensions are only 19 percent funded (a crisis that partly led to Detroit’s bankruptcy), Bridge research found.

But only two candidates for governor – Democrats Abdul El-Sayed and Gretchen Whitmer – have developed specific agendas and policy prescriptions for cities. The others have plans they say would benefit all of Michigan, including those in urban areas, as well as issues such as auto insurance that are particularly acute there.

Brian Calley, Republican

The lieutenant governor says his statewide plans for education and auto insurance are important for cities because urban residents are disproportionately impacted by bad schools and expensive auto insurance. Calley would:

Improve Michigan's pre-K-12 schools and strengthen vocational and technical training. “World-class educational opportunities are critical to helping urban areas,” his campaign manager wrote in a statement to Bridge. His education plan does not include a funding component.

Support a program called Community Ventures, an economic development plan led by the Michigan Economic Development Corporation to match unemployed people in the state’s “most distressed urban areas” with employers as well as workforce readiness training, adult education, and literacy tutoring.

Reform Michigan’s no-fault auto insurance system by establishing a state agency to investigate fraud and opening the Michigan Catastrophic Claims Association books to the public.

Focus on helping Flint rebound from the water crisis by combatting all sources of lead poisoning and continuing to communicate with experts to mitigate risks from paint, dust and soil.

Patrick Colbeck, Republican

Colbeck calls his political platform a collection of “principled solutions” that include strengthening local control for municipalities as well as a 50-page plan for auto insurance reform. To help cities, Colbeck would:

Reduce car insurance costs by more than half by eliminating healthcare-related statutory auto insurance coverage mandates. In essence, that would repeal laws requiring drivers have insurance and make those in accidents to sue for damages.

Shift state spending to local units of government by increasing revenue sharing so that local city councils and county commissions can decide how to spend money on needs such as roads and public safety.

Allow people to pay tax-free money into free-market, direct primary care service to lower overall healthcare costs. The service would cover basic primary care and in some cases basic lab tests and X-rays. It would not cover anything beyond primary care or hospitalization.

Dr. Jim Hines, Republican

Hines has what he calls his top priorities, or five key issues. Among them, improving auto insurance rates and education are important to helping cities, he said in an interview with Crain’s Detroit. Hines’ plan would:

Take $875 million from the personal income tax for each of two years - a total of $1.75 billion - to improve roads statewide, including cities.

Bill Schuette, Republican

Schuette’s eight-pronged plan pledges to roll back taxes, improve schools and attract new jobs among other changes. The issues Schuette would address for urban areas, are the same issues he would address in the rest of the state, his campaign says. His plan for cities would include growing population by:

Increase reading scores by appointing a literacy director, who would be stationed in the governor’s office and create a Michigan Reading Foundation to raise money privately for more reading coaches and summer reading camps.

Provide transportation grants or incentives for children trapped in failing schools so they have additional options. The plan does not include cost specifics.

Shri Thanedar, Democrat

Cut the school to prison pipeline by improving schools starting with creating universal pre-kindergarten through the state’s intermediate school districts. He has not specified costs or funding.

Create a school trust fund with money that could only be used for schools in economically depressed areas to include money for restoring school buildings.

Repeal the emergency manager law.

Encourage entrepreneurship by bringing business incubators to urban areas. The plan does not include costs.

Replace the 4.25 percent income tax and move the state to a graduated income tax system that would require wealthier earners to pay more. Millionaires would pay an income tax of 10 percent and those making $200,000 and $1 million a year would be taxed at 8.85 percent. Households with an income under $50,000 would pay no income tax.

Invest $500 million into career and technical education and job training programs – community colleges and intermediate schools districts would serve as conduits for these resources.

Increase the minimum wage to $15 an hour from $9.25 per hour.

Gretchen Whitmer, Democrat

Whitmer went on an urban agenda listening tour last fall that took her to Detroit, Pontiac, Saginaw, Benton Harbor, Flint, Muskegon and Grand Rapids. It resulted in a 19-page plan called “Get it Done: Fighting Urban Poverty” released by her campaign last week. The plan stipulates she would work with and support local leaders, but identifies few funding sources:

Lower auto insurance rates by ending redlining.

Appoint a cabinet-level position to combat poverty.

Increase the earned income tax credit from 6 percent to 20 percent.

Direct an unspecified amount of public security and placemaking dollars to city programs focused on improving city lighting.

Support the increased use of body cameras by police; work to prevent gun violence with universal criminal background checks. The plan makes no mention of costs.

Help tenants of foreclosed residential property by implementing a statewide right of first refusal system by helping them buy the home or remain as renters.

Add incentives for developers to build affordable housing.

Expand the Office of Minority Health to spearhead task forces, partner with community leaders and collaborate with research universities to develop research on health disparities and how best to combat them.

Bill Gelineau, Libertarian

Of the three key topics on Gelineau’s public platform, legalization of marijuana and replacing infrastructure are the one that likely resonates in cities. Gelineau would:

Legalize marijuana and redirect the majority of taxes on them, 80 percent, to taxpayers through an equalized tax credit. Gelineau says marijuana shouldn’t be taxed at a higher rate than other items. A legalization referendum on the ballot in November would tax it at 10 percent, which would raise $100 million to $200 million per year.

Work with cities to replace aging infrastructure such as water pipes. His plan is silent on costs, but mentions repealing regulations that require residents to hook into municipal water systems. That may help avert a situation similar to the Flint Water Crisis.

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