37 Structural Evaluation Pavement Deflections A tolerable level of deflection is a function of traffic and the pavement structural section. Overlaying a pavement with HMA will reduce its deflection. The thickness needed to reduce the deflection to a tolerable level can be estimated. The deflections experienced by a pavement varies throughout the year due to temperature and moisture changes.

48 Pavement Rehabilitation Types of HMA overlay design procedures Engineering judgment Component analysis: Widely used in a number of applications/design procedures Nondestructive testing with limiting deflection: Still used with measurement instruments such as the Benkelman Beam. Mechanistic-empirical: This is the primary HMA overlay design method used by WSDOT. This approach is gaining acceptance in other states and countries.

49 Pavement Rehabilitation Component Analysis The Asphalt Institute (AI) Determine effective thickness of the existing pavement structure. Design a new pavement structure Difference in the two structures (new effective) amounts to the overlay thickness. To use the AI approach, need: Subgrade analysis Traffic analysis Pavement structure thickness analysis ( determine effective thickness of existing and all new design for the given subgrade and traffic).

55 Pavement Rehabilitation Limiting Pavement Surface Deflections Limiting pavement surface Surface deflections can be taken with a variety of deflection devices. Typically, this is either the Benkelman Beam (BB) or the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD). Compute the Representative Rebound Deflection (RRD). You must consider the time of the year during which the deflections are taken. The overlay thickness is a function of ESALs and RRD

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