Definition

The heart has two upper chambers called atria and two lower chambers called ventricles. Electrical signals move through special nerve bundles to the atria then to the ventricle. When the electrical signals pass through as expected the heart pumps rhythmically.

Heart block occurs when the electrical signals do not travel normally through the heart. The heart can still pump blood, but it beats much slower and less efficiently than normal.
There are three types of heart block, ranging from mild to serious:

First-degree heart block—mildest form of heart block. Electrical signals reach all parts of the heart but move more slowly than normal. There are usually no symptoms, and heartbeat is normal.

Second-degree heart block—some of the electrical signals are not reaching the ventricles. This means that sometimes the ventricles do not pump when they should.

Third-degree, or complete, heart block—most serious type of heart block. No electrical signals are able to reach the ventricles. Cells in the ventricles act as a back up and create their own electrical signals. This allows the ventricles to keep pumping, but it is slower and out of rhythm with the rest of the heart. .

Symptoms

Be aware that your child may feel these symptoms, but may not be able to tell you or know how to describe them. Watch for signs, like:

Trouble keeping up with other children when playing

Needing to take resting breaks from playing

Diagnosis

You will be asked about your child’s symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done.

The electrical activity of your child's heart may need to be tested. This can be done with an
electrocardiogram (EKG)
.

Treatment

The course of treatment will depend on the type of heart block. Generally, treatment is not needed for first-degree heart block.

A
pacemaker
may be needed for some cases of second-degree heart block and all cases of third-degree heart block. The pacemaker will send regular electrical signals to the heart. It will keep the heart beating in a more efficient rhythm.

Prevention

Unfortunately, there is no way to prevent heart block in your child.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.

What is heart block? National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute website. Available at:
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hb/. Updated July 9, 2012. Accessed November 3, 2014.

The health information in this Health Library is provided by a third party. Cartersville Medical Center does not in any way create the content of this information. It is provided solely for informational purposes. It does not constitute medical advice and is not intended to be a substitute for proper medical care provided by a physician. Always consult with your doctor for appropriate examinations, treatment, testing, and care recommendations. Do not rely on information on this site as a tool for self-diagnosis. If you have a medical emergency, call 911.