What Do Molecules Look Like? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

What Do Molecules Look Like?. The Lewis Dot Structure approach provides some insight into molecular structure in terms of bonding, but what about 3D geometry?. Recall that we have two types of electron pairs: bonding and lone.

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Equal or unequal e sharing between 2 atoms is reflected in the composition of the MOs:

When 2 atoms X and Y have the same electronegativity (purely covalent bond), their overlapping AOs have the same energy, and the bonding and anti-bonding MOs are each halfX and halfY AO. All electrons spend equal time near X and Y. Examples: N2, O2, F2.

If EN(Y) > EN(X) (polar covalent X+Y), the Y AO has lower energy than the X AO. The bonding MO is more like the Y AO and the anti-bondingMO more like the X AO. Bonding e spend more time near Y than X; vice versa for anti-bonding e. Example: CO.