ABSTRACT: Animals’ immunity is an important factor to determine their survival and fitness. Unpredictable food shortage is common to small mammals due to fluctuation of food resources throughout a year. In general, acute food deprivation (FD) inhibited immune function in rodents. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that stochastic FD would also suppress T cell-mediated immunity in mice. Fifteen adult male Kunming mice were randomly assigned into the Fed (n = 7) and FD (n = 8) groups, in which the latter were subjected to stochastic FD regime. Unexpectedly, T cell-mediated immunity assessed by PHA response was increased in the FD mice compared with the fed controls. However, body fat mass, wet thymus and spleen mass, white blood cells, serum leptin and corticosterone concentrations did not differ between the Fed and FD groups. Taken together, stochastic food deprivation can enhance cellular immunity in Kunming mice.