11: Major Characteristics: - Unrestricted range of colors, shapes, and sizes. - Have salt like structures.

12: Solidification of a Melt: How it occurs: - it forms as heat, energy is added to rocks, causing the atoms in the constituent minerals to break their bonds and begin to move freely.

13: How scientists use process to grow synthetic minerals: - Powdered material is heated to a molten state and manipulated to solidify to a crystalline form, and production from a solution, in which the required aluminum oxide and chromium are dissolved in another material and manipulated to precipitate into crystalline form.

14: Precipitation from solution: How it occurs: - During chemical reactions, precipitation may occur if an insoluble substance is introduced into a solution and the density happens to be greater. (settling or sedimentation are examples)

15: How do scientists use this process to grow synthetic minerals: - to make pigments or to remove salt from water in water treatment. | propionic acid

16: Solid state diffusion: How does it occur: - It occurs by the movement and transport of atoms throughout a solid.