Comparing The Strength As Blocks Made From Cement And Lateritic Soil, Cement And Red Earth, Laterite, Sand And Red Earth

COMPARING THE STRENGTH AS BLOCKS MADE FROM CEMENT AND LATERITIC SOIL, CEMENT AND RED EARTH, LATERITE, SAND AND RED EARTH

Abstract

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You are reading project material titled: Comparing The Strength As Blocks Made From Cement And Lateritic Soil Cement And Red Earth Laterite Sand And Red Earth

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

High cost of building materials has been the bane of construction industry in the developing countries of the world as a result of importation of most of the building materials. As prices increase sharply, there is a growing awareness to relate research to local materials as alternatives for the construction of functional but low-cost dwellings both in the urban and rural areas of Nigeria. One of such local material that is being researched is lateritic soil. Lateritic soil has been one of the major building materials in Nigeria for a long time. The main reason lies on the fact that it is readily available and the cost of procuring it is relatively low.

Lateritic soil possesses other advantages which makes it potentially a very good and appropriate material for construction, especially for the construction of rural structures in the developing countries. These merits include little or no specialized skilled labour required for laterized sandcrete blocks production and for its use in other construction works; and laterized concrete structures have potentially sufficient strength compared with that of normal concrete (Lasisi and Ogunjimi,1984).

In July 1976, the Nigerian Mining Corporation was directed to proceed with establishment of seven clay brick plants in Nigeria with annual production capacity of fifteen million normal size bricks (figure 1). Clay deposits for use by these plants were identified (Proda 1970, 1971, 1975a, 1975b and 1975c) as shown in table 1. Rather than studying, and developing the traditional technology, Nigeria automatically copied a highly automated brick making which is capital intensive and therefore, kept the unit cost of bricks too high for the average Nigerian to afford. The Nigerian Building and Road Research Institute (NIBRRI) thereafter introduced the soil – cement blocks using manual press for its production. This kept unit cost of the soil cement block down and affordable, but some characteristics of the soil-cement blocks needed to be improved by use of highly sandy laterites; which are already being used as fills in Nigeria (Otoko 2014).

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

This paper demonstrates the influence of cement content on compressive and tensile strength, the initial rate of water absorption (IRA) water absorption, surface porosity and pore size, stress-strain relationships and elastic properties of soil-cement blocks. Also the strength of the cement stabilized blocks of literate soil was determined in the soil laboratory with a view to have an alternative in the building industry, after which an analysis of the existing laterite soil was done