- Bleeding is any loss of blood from the body. Bleeding can occur either internally or externally. It can occur through a natural opening such as the vagina. Most bleeding occurs through a break in the skin.

- A chronic subdural haematoma is a buildup of blood between the membrane covering the brain, known as the dura, and the brain itself. This condition occurs as a result of a head injury and develops slowly over time. The trauma does not have to be significant to produce this condition.

- A concussion is the most common form of head injury. Most concussions are caused by a blow to the head or sudden, uncontrolled, rapid movement of the head. A concussion may cause temporary symptoms but not permanent brain damage.

- A nose fracture is a break in the nasal bone. Though most of the nose is made of cartilage, a soft spongy material, the upper portion of the nose has a bone underneath it called the nasal bone. A nose fracture usually occurs after an injury to the face.

- Consciousness is the state of being aware of or responsive to the environment. A person who is conscious can perceive, both physically and mentally, what is happening. For many reasons, a person can sometimes lose consciousness, or become unconscious.