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Join our panel of leading economic and transportation analysts as they share their exclusive insight on where rates are headed and the issues that will be driving those rate increases over the next 12 months.

Con-way Freight, the less-than-truckload (LTL) subsidiary of LTL transportation services provider Con-way Inc., is the latest LTL player to announce a general rate increase for non-contractual freight.

The Ann Arbor, Michigan-based carrier said earlier this month that effective March 31 a 5.4 percent GRI will take effect.

Company officials said that the GRI will be implemented for customers on Con-way Freight’s CNW 599 tariff and will apply to general LTL rates, minimum charges and accessorial or supplemental fees for special services associated with LTL shipments moving within the United States and Canada and cross-border shipments moving between the United States, Puerto Rico, and Canada. And the company added that the effect of the rate increase will vary for individual customers and shipments based on characteristics, including geography, lane, product classification, weight, and dimensions.

With this GRI, Con-way Freight is the most recent publicly-traded LTL carrier to increase pricing for non-contractual freight.

Earlier this month, UPS Freight, ABF Freight System, and FedEx Freight introduced GRIs of 4.4 percent, 5.4 percent, and 3.9 percent, respectively, with each GRI taking effect by the end of March.

As previously reported, many LTL executives have told LM they view the current rate environment as “rational,” especially when compared to 2009-2010, when they were doing whatever they could to hold onto business while sacrificing price for volume to keep freight moving in their costly fixed network operations.

A recent research note from Stifel Nicolaus suggested that LTL pricing should rise 1 percent to 3 percent in 2014. But the firm added that if the economy were to decelerate, these expectations would likely prove too aggressive.

“On the other hand, if the economy were to truly accelerate and/or if the onslaught of federally mandated safety rules sufficiently shrinks effective capacity, these pricing estimates could easily prove too conservative,” according to a Stifel research note.

“Again, we side with the more cautious view, which would lean toward expecting low single digit y/y pricing expansion in 2014.”

Regardless of which way the economy goes, LTL GRI’s have seemingly gone the way of a “broken record,” according to Satish Jindel, president of Pittsburgh-based SJ Consulting.

“LTL carriers announce these every year, but they are clearly becoming meaningless because they cannot seem to show it on the bottom line,” explained Jindel. “FedEx Freight, UPS Freight, and Con-way are three of the largest LTL carriers and operate at an operating ratio of 96 or worse, and GRIs are not going to correct the problem for them. And then smaller companies like Saia and Old Dominion Freight Line (ODFL) are operating with better OR’s in the high 80s or low 90s, and private carriers smaller than them also around there.”
The larger LTLs need to do some soul searching, Jindel said, and figure out how even with such large networks and density, why they are underperforming, as the three LTLs that should be the most profitable are actually the least profitable.

And even with healthy amounts of density and scale, Jindel observed that quarter after quarter the big three LTL carriers still have not been able to perform at the level of Saia and ODFL.

“GRIs simply are not correcting the problems some of these carriers have,” said Jindel.

LTL executives have told LM that their primary focus is on the recovery of rates in the market and that is limiting capacity. There was a time, some said, when everyone was after growth and expansion, with the thought that if you got the density the margins would come through efficiencies and then you find that at a certain price that does not work. And in recent years there was bad period in which LTLs learned and realized price cannot be cut to chase volume, because LTLs end up running a lot of miles and burning out equipment for no return.”

Morgan Stanley analyst Bill Greene stated in a research note that these recent GRI announcements by FedEx Freight and ABF are likely driven by weather-induced tightness and improving volume trends, adding that while weather will weigh on 1Q results, earlier GRIs should be tailwinds to LTL yields going forward.

About the Author

Jeff BermanGroup News Editor

Jeff Berman is Group News Editor for Logistics Management, Modern Materials Handling, and Supply Chain Management Review. Jeff works and lives in Cape Elizabeth, Maine, where he covers all aspects of the supply chain, logistics, freight transportation, and materials handling sectors on a daily basis. .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).

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