Lichens are composite organisms composed of fungal species in a symbiotic relationship with algae and/or cyanobacteria. Although lichens are classified and named based on the fungal component, they are here presented separately from fungi for convenience of access.

LeptogiumpalmatumDistribution: West Cascades from British Columbia to California, also disjunct in northern Idaho.Habitat: Common on roadcuts, old road beds, rock outcrops, and talus at low to mid elevations.Substrate: On soil or rock, rarely on bark.

LethariavulpinaDistribution: Widespread in western North America. Most common in and east of the Cascades; occasionally found west of the Cascades in the Puget Sound Trough and Olympic Mtns.Habitat: Common in dry conifer forest, occasional in moist or shaded forests; from low elevations up to timberline.Substrate: On bark or wood, most abundant on dead branches and snags; rare on rock.