The Man of
Divinity and the Materialistic Spirit, the Supreme Helper and the Full Moon
of Darkness and Source of Guidance, the Sultan Ali bin Musa-al-Reza. His
blessed name Ali and respectable patronym Abu al-Hassan and auspicious
titles Saber and Vafee and Morteza and his famed title is Al Reza. The birth
of the essence of his auspicious attributes was in Holy Medina and his date
of birth has been mentioned in disagreement and according to the most
correct narration was on the 11th Dhu Al Qaeda 148 Hijri (766
AD). Some also say it was in Rabi al-Awwal 153 Hijri (770 AD). His honorable
father was His Holiness Musa Bin Jafar and his paragon-exalted mother was a
Omme Walad,[1]
according to sayings she was called Shaghara and Alnowbiyyah and Kanitash
ummul Banin and according to the most correct sayings she had the name
Toktam or Najmah and her title was Tahereh.

After the
martyrdom of his honorable father in the year 183 Hijri (799 AD) His
Holiness sat on the throne of spiritual guardianship and the true throne of
succession of His Holiness the Best of Men[2]. This was
during the time when his respectable age was more than thirty years and less
than forty years according to the disagreement in narrations of his birth
date. His Holiness according to the commands of his honorable father sat in
his house for the first four years of his Imamate and closed the door onto
the people, after expiration of this period, opened the door to address the
people and associate with the them and gave the Shiites the permission to
socialize and started to guide the people and manifested miracles and
extraordinary habits. Some of the companions brought to his attention and
said that to show and manifest this divine manifestation we fear the
rebellions of Haroun's time on your life. He said: be sure that he does not
have access to me. Till the year 186 Hijri (802 AD) began; and Haroon Rashid
the caliph of the time with his two sons Mohammad Amin and Abdullah Mamoon
went to Mecca and in Mecca and Medina in three turns bestowed presents and
gifts to the people. One time for himself and the two other times in the
names of his sons and again for allegiance of successorship of Mohammad Amin
and after him Abdullah Mamoon took allegiance from the people. Then he
divided Islamic towns and cities, which were in his possession between them.
From Baghdad to Arabia (Hijaz) and Egypt to Mohammad Amin and gave Khorasan
and its suburbs from Kermanshah to Kabul and Zabol to Abdullah Mamoon. And
in regards to this wrote a mandate for each one and had it signed by
religious authorities, learned and notable personalities of the Bani Hashem
and advised his sons to be united and abstain from opposition and clash with
each other's regions and share of each one of them will belong to his
brother after the death of one brother. Then he returned back from Mecca and
in the year 189 Hijri (805 AD) suddenly suppressed the Barmakids who were
firm pillars of the kingdom and had high ranking ministerial positions and
controlled the wheels of the caliphate apparatus and were his particular and
permanent companions, and killed Jafar bin Yahya Barmaki and burned his body
with oil and marsh reeds and imprisoned Yahya who he used to address as his
father in his speech with his other son Fazl bin Yahya and held them in
prison for a long time till Yahya in the year 190 Hijri (806 AD) and Fazl in
the year 192 (808 AD) died in prison. And whoever he found killed from the
preeminent relatives of the Barmakids, and plundered their properties and
demolished their houses.

For Haroon's
anger on the Barmakids, several reasons has been mentioned which maybe all
of them put together was a cause of their fall and annihilation. One such
issue is Yahya bin Abdullah Alavi who after the departure of Yahya from
Deylam, Haroon gave him assurance by means of Yahya bin Barmaki and Yahya
with Fazl came to Baghdad and after sometime Haroon seized him and handed
him over to Yahya Barmaki to imprison him in his house and make the
situation hard on him. Yahya secretly treated kindly the aforementioned
imprisoned and at nights made him attend on his table for food. One night
Yahya Alavi expressed fear and worry from Haroon's guards and begged Yahya
Barmaki to let him escape. Yahya Barmaki was affected by his condition;
secretly let him escape with a slave. Informers reached this news to Haroon.
Next day, Haroon asked Yahya Barmaki how the imprisoned Yahya was. Yahya
Barmaki said: he is still imprisoned, Haroon asked him to swear on his life
and tell the truth. Yahya Barmaki understood that Haroon was aware of this
matter. Said: No, O' caliph of the people, because I saw there is no source
of opposition from him and he is from the Prophet's family, so I freed him
for the health and success of the caliph. Haroon did not say anything but
kept this violation in his mind. Another famous matter was that Haroon's
sister Abbaseh and Jafar Barmaki that various stories have been told and is
well known. Another is, informers said to Haroon that Jafar at a drunken
night party with his special associates praised the bravery and excellence
of Abu Muslim in transfer of caliphate from a family to another family and
in his drunkenness had said through killing one hundred and seventy thousand
persons the transfer of caliphate would not be important, if someone can
perform such affairs with diplomacy and compromise and without bloodshed
would be capable of praise. Haroon on hearing these sayings from Jafar fell
into anguish on the Barmakids and their friendship with the Alavians became
suspicious. Another reason was power and growth of the influence of
Barmakids in all respects of the country, even in the palace of the caliph
and their endless generosity and forgiveness, which all put together, was
the causes of Haroon's hatred and dread from Barmakids and did what he did
and happened what happened. Anyhow, in the year 193 Hijri (809 AD) Haroon
from Rakkah came to Baghdad. Rafeh bin Lais bin Nasr Sayyar who was ill came
to Khorasan to ward off sedition. Fazl bin Sahl who was serving Abdullah
Mamoon, at this time said to him: Your father is sick and en-route to
Khorasan and if an attempt is made you will not be safe from your brother
Amin, it is better to request your father so that you be at his service.
Mamoon requested his father's permission in the journey to Khorasan. His
father accepted his request and took him to Khorasan with himself. Haroon's
illness became severe in Jorjan. So he dispatched Mamoon before himself to
Marv and after some days came to Khorasan and on the 3rd Jumada
al-awwal 193 (123 AD) after forty seven years of age and twenty three years
and some months of caliphate left this world. He was buried in the house of
Hamid bin Qahtabah the previous governor of Khorasan.

Mamoon after
hearing the news of the death of Haroon gathered the people in the city
Mosque in Marv and announced Haroon's death and invited people to renew
allegiance with Amin. Mohammad Amin also after hearing this matter took
allegiance from the people of Baghdad again.

For some time,
there was kindness and agreement between the brothers till Mohammad Amin
thought of disposing Mamoon from succession and elect his son Musa as crown
prince, and consulted in this matter with government officials and those
close to him. His advisors told him that by the presence of Mamoon in
Khorasan among his friends, disposing him is not advisable, it would be
better to request him to come to Baghdad on the pretext of consultation in
the affairs and when he comes to Baghdad and gets far away from his army,
settle this important case. Amin wrote a letter to Mamoon requested him to
come to Baghdad for assistance and cooperation. Mamoon consulted with Fazl
bin Sahl Zolriyasatain. He said: undoubtedly your brother does not have good
intention by summoning you. Mamoon said: How can I oppose his command when
we do not have properties and riches and army and equipped soldiers, while
he has boundless properties and numerous soldiers in his authority. Fazl
asked for one night time in this matter and because he was skilled in
astrology he studied the horoscope of both brothers and the next day said to
Mamoon: The conditions of the stars and celestial orbits shows for sure your
predominance over Amin, don’t fear from resistance and leave the work to
God. Mamoon decided to stop and wrote to Amin that if at this time I stay
far from Khorasan, there is fear that if I won't be able to abolish the
significant sedition, it will turn to a new event and meanwhile I expect the
caliph of the people not to see the abolishment of the pledge and agreement
which the standing Imam established and secured between us in the mirror of
the mind and accept the excuse of this brother. He sent the letter and
himself intended to mobilize the army. When the letter reached Amin, he gave
the letter to his dignitaries and said: I need to talk to Mamoon and his
coming to Baghdad is necessary for the interests of the caliphate and he has
refused to come to Baghdad; in your opinion what should be done? Every one
said something but most of them guided to compromise and peace except Ali
bin Isa bin Mahan who recommended him to harshness and severity. Finally,
Amin sent Ali bin Isa towards Khorasan with an army of sixty thousand, but
commanded that to conciliate with Mamoon as much as possible and treat him
with kindness and assure and make him hopeful of Amin's good will and
affection, and send him to Baghdad. But, Mamoon took precedence over him and
sent Tahir bin Al Hussain Zolyaminain with a part of the army to Rey to keep
the roads and ways under attention and assigned spies around the borders to
not be attacked unawares. Ali bin Isa travelled the way and reached Rey.
Tahir was informed of his coming and with his army came out from Rey to
encounter and in a location called Fulous set up an army base. The two
armies reached each other and confronted. After battling for some time, Ali
bin Isa's army disintegrated and Ali bin Isa was killed and the army of
Baghdad ran away and their weapons and ammunition fell into the hands of the
Tahir’s army. Tahir wrote a letter of victory to Mamoon that Ali bin Isa's
head is with him and his ring in my fingers. Since the defeat of the army of
Baghdad reached Khorasan, the people gathered around Mamoon and saluted his
caliphate. Amin after being informed of the defeat and slaying of Ali bin
Isa again sent Abdul Rahman Anbari with an army of thirty thousand to
encounter Tahir and in Zahirshahr of Hamadan they reached Tahir's army. The
army of Baghdad as soon as they saw the army of Khorasan without fighting
fled and in the city of Hamadan sought asylum and Tahir surrounded the city
and after one month Abdul Rahman and his companions sought respite from
Tahir surrendered the city and with the army left the city and by the side
of Tahir's army used to pass and Tahir did not interfere with them, and used
to move parallel to them with his army. Slowly, socializing and interchange
established between the two armies. When they reached Asadabad, Abdul Rahman
doubled crossed and abruptly rushed and attacked Tahir's army who were at
ease and used to pass through and a severe battle took place. Again, the
army of Baghdad ran away and Abdul Rahman was killed. When the news reached
Amin, he was panic-stricken and with haste sent the army with the
commandership of Hassan bin Ali bin Isa to fight with Tahir. And Mamoon also
sent Harsamah bin Aayon with thirty thousand to help Tahir. Tahir advanced
till he reached Ahwaz and Basrah and wherever he used to pass appoint
officials and governors and with the intention of conquering Baghdad used to
move forward with haste and at times would confront with the dispatched army
of Amin and there used to be a battle between them and all used to end up
with the victory of Tahir and the army of Khorasan till Harsamah bin Aayon
and Zahir bin Mosayyeb, the two persons from the commanders of Tahir came
into view of Baghdad and Amin sought sanctuary in Baghdad and Baghdad was
surrounded and with ballista and catapult made work for the inhabitants of
the city difficult, in such a way that those close to Amin asked Tahir for
peace and used to join them and Amin was forced to give a message to
Harsamah that he desisted from the caliphate and ready to swear allegiance
to Mamoon with the condition of preservation of his life. Harsamah said: The
damage has been done and Tahir is furious and I cannot acquire his approval.
It is best that you come to see me so that I can send a messenger to Mamoon
and get assurance for your security. Amin was compelled to sail on a ship
with a group of his bondswomen and relatives so that he could go to
Harsamah. Tahir bin al Hussain was informed of this matter and sent a group
so that as soon as Amin steps down from the ship to kill him. And that same
night Tahir sent Amin's head to Mamoon and this incident took place in the
year 198 (814 AD). The period of Amin's life was twenty-seven years and his
caliphate four years and eight months.

When the news
reached Khorasan that Amin was killed, the people renewed their allegiance
with Manoon as caliph. When he was firmly established on the caliphate, he
separated the authority of governorship of Iraq and Fars and Ahwaz and Yemen
and Hijaz which were conquered by Tahir and handed it over to Hassan bin
Sahl brother of Fazl who was his minister and wrote to Tahir to go to Raqkah
and govern over Syria and Island. The people, especially the Bani Hashem and
aristocrats were displeased from Tahir’s farewell which indicated Fazl’s
dominance on Mamoon and as they did not obey Hassan bin Sahl as they should
and disturbances were started. In the year 199 Hijri (815 AD) Ibn Tatba
revolted. After him, Abolsaraya emerged and provoked great sedition. Hassan
requested from Harsamah who previously held the position of general
commander in chief and on the order of Mamoon that position had also been
handed over to Hassan, that he go with the position of commander of the army
to repel Abolsaraya. Harsamah declined first, but on insistence and request
of Hassan went to fight Abolsaraya and killed him and sent his head to
Mamoon. Then he himself set out to Khorasan to inform Mamoon the lack of
eligibility of Hassan bin Sahl and the turbulent situation. Hassan informed
his brother Fazl the intention of Harsamah. And Fazl backbited Harsamah with
Mamoon in such a way that Mamoon, as soon as he arrived, imprisoned him and
he remained in prison till he died or was killed. Also Zeid ibn Musa known
as Zeid-a-Nar the brother of Imam Reza (AS) revolted and was captured and
was granted respite and Ibrahim bin Musa in Yemen and Hussain Afatshi Alavi
in Mecca revolted.

In brief, most
of the people of the cities were disordered and chaos was predominant
everywhere and Fazl bin Sahl used to present these circumstances to Mamoon
as intense craving and greed of the Alavians to revolt and for appeasing the
rebellion and establishing orderliness in the affairs of the cities, used to
give advice in such a way that Mamoon appoint one person from the Alavians
as successor to his caliphate so that anger and uproar of the Alavians
dampens and agitation of the government removed and also brought about the
bonds of relationship and in the eyes of God and His Prophet (S) be rewarded
and liked. Finally Mamoon liked his verdict and after thinking and
consultation appointed His Holiness Ali Ibn Musa-al-Reza (AS) as successor
to his caliphate and in the year 200 Hijri (816 AD) sent his maternal uncle
Eja bin Zahak to Medina so that he could bring His Holiness Reza with a
group of his disciples to Marv respectfully, and invited a group of Bani
Abbas to Marv; it is said that there were thirty thousand of them who
gathered. That time His Holiness Reza (AS) departed from Medina, and
travelled the way till he reached Baghdad. In Baghdad Tahir bin al Hussain
made a praiseworthy welcome for His Holiness and rendered hospitality as he
should; and at night met His Holiness and informed Him about the letter of
Mamoon who had written and commanded Tahir to swear allegiance to His
Holiness as successor of the caliphate. In the beginning, His Holiness
refused to accept this dictate. Tahir said there is no way out except to
obey and execute this mandate of Mamoon. His Holiness was compelled and
accepted and took out his hands so that Tahir can swear allegiance. Tahir
extended his left hand. His Holiness said: Why are you giving your left
hand? He said because my right hand is in allegiance with Amiralmomenin
Mamoon. His Holiness was pleased from his loyalty and fortitude and
afterwards in the meeting with Mamoon narrated this event. Mamoon also said
bravo to Tahir and said: I have named that left hand that had reached your
hand as “right” and from that day Tahir was entitled as Zolyaminain.

Briefly, His
Holiness Reza (AS) travelled from Baghdad by the way of Basra and Ahwaz till
reached Nayshabur. The people of Nayshabur gave a unique welcome to His
Holiness. His Holiness mounted on a mule in a palanquin. The curtain of the
palanquin was cast down so that the heat of the sun would not irritate. A
group of those who had welcomed His Holiness said to him loudly. O son of
the Prophet (PBUH)! We are desirous to see your blessed charm and to hear
from your holy tongue a narration from your immaculate fathers and
forefathers. His Holiness pushed aside the curtain of the palanquin. The
people wept to see him, and raised a tumult and threw themselves on the
ground. Then His Holiness took his head out from the palanquin and said:
My father Musa Ibn Jafar narrated me that my father Jafar bin Mohammad
narrated me that my father Mohammad bin Ali narrated me that my father Ali
bin Hussain narrated me that my father Hussain bin Ali narrated me that my
father Ali bin Abitalib narrated me that my brother and my cousin the
Prophet of God said that Gabreil said to me that I heard from the glorious
God who says: “The verbatim THERE IS NO GOD BUT ALLAH is my castle and
whoever enters into this castle will be immune from my chastisement”.
Then His Holiness remained silent for a moment, then again said: according
to condition and stipulations, and indicated towards his blessed chest and
said: I am of the conditions. It is said that twenty four thousand pen cases
came out of sleeves to record this narration. In short, His Holiness with
perfect honor and respect travelled till reached Marv and lodged in a
luxurious house which was prepared for His Holiness. Since reposed from the
discomfort of the journey, Mamoon and Fazl bin Sahl went to meet His
Holiness and Mamoon greeted and welcomed His Holiness with sincerity and
affection and engaged in conversation with each other with full warmth.
After mentioning preliminaries of his purpose, Mamoon presented his wish to
transfer the caliphate, if not, the successorship of the people to His
Holiness. His Holiness refused to accept the caliphate and was compelled to
accept successorship conditioned to that he would not be requested to
interfere in the kingdom and judicial and Fatwa (religious decree) and
dismissal and setting up of ministers and functionaries affairs.

Next day,
people gathered in the palace of the caliph and asked for His Holiness; and
Mamoon in a general gathering announced the succesorship of His Holiness and
ordered the people to swear allegiance to His Holiness and ordered that
black flags which was the emblem of the Bani Abbas to be changed to green
flags and to mint His Holiness’ name on Dinars and Dirham. When this matter
finished and the successorship of His Holiness announced, Mamoon said: O son
of my uncle! Now your Holiness would need a minister and secretary for
performing the affairs and obligations of services, whoever you want you can
choose for these two positions. He said: Fazl bin Sahl is suitable and
worthy for performance of my affairs and Ali Saeed the secretary of the
caliphate is enough for writing my letters. Mamoon was happy and ordered
both to be at the services of His Holiness. From this day, Fazl was called
Zolreyasatain and Ali Saeed as Zolqalamain. His Holiness according to
customary practice would come in the presence of Mamoon everyday; till a day
of Eid, Mamoon requested His Holiness to go to the public prayer place and
recite the Eid prayer on his behalf. His Holiness said to be excused from
this work. Mamoon insisted. His Holiness said: If I am compelled to recite
the Eid prayer, thus will recite according to what my great grandfather the
Holy Prophet (S) and my other great grandfather Ali Morteza (AS) did.
(Mamoon) said: in whatever way you desire, perform it. The people who were
informed of His Holiness going to the public prayer place, gathered at the
door of His Holiness’ house. His Holiness came out of his house while
wearing white clean and shrunken short clothes on his blessed body with an
elegant turban on his head and folded up trousers to his blessed ankles and
with bare foot with heavenly awe and divine manifestation went towards the
public prayer place and every moment with a loud voice was calling:
Allah-o-Akbar (God be glorified) and inviting people. When people
glanced at his luminous face and divine grandeur, all took their shoes off
and the sound of their wailing and weeping increased and in saying the
glorifications of God were harmonized with Him and with every step the sound
of glorification of God would shake the city as though the doors and walls
would become harmonized with them. Thus, in the city there was such
enthusiasm and clamor that Mamoon was upset and fearful lest the people
would be enticed by His Holiness and this prayers ends in dethroning or
killing him, so he sent a message with haste for His Holiness that Mamoon
exempts you from reciting the prayers; return back to your house and I will
send someone else. His Holiness asked for his shoes and put it on and
returned back from halfway of the prayer place.

Briefly, in
the year 202 Hijri (818 AD) Mamoon was inclined to matrimonial relationship
with His Holiness and arranged a gathering and got one of his daughters
Ummul Habib married to His Holiness and got his other daughter Ummul Fazl
married to son of His Holiness Imam Mohammad Taghi (AS).

Proposition of Governmental
Successorship

The
proposition of governmental successorship to His Holiness was a cause that
more and more Alavians from Hejaz (Arabia) came towards Khorasan to benefit
from the material favors and blessings and from the inner kindness of His
Holiness. But in Iraq, Bani Abbas who were furious and annoyed from the
successorship of His Holiness understood that the caliphate got out of hands
of the Abbasid, created disturbances and dethroned Mamoon from the caliphate
and swore allegiance with Ibrahim bin Mahdi Abbasi uncle of Mamoon and
gained dominance over Baghdad. When the news of Iraq, which by reason of
prohibition of Fazl from circulating news about the actual affairs there, in
a vague manner reached the ears of Mamoon; he questioned Fazl that what is
the matter about Iraq. Because of fear from the remorse of Mamoon from
successorship of His Holiness Reza and the return of affairs already
happened, concealed the real facts and said: the people of Baghdad were not
pleased with government of my brother Hassan and have made Ibrahim as the
ruler and it is not so important and if something else has been reaching the
ears of Amiralmomenin, it is a lie; moreover, he would not give the chance
to the authorities who were aware that they could tell Mamoon the truth.
Till one day Mamoon was alone with His Holiness who told the circumstances
as it was. Mamoon said, Fazl said something else. His Holliness said: Fazl
conceals the truth. Mamoon investigated secretly from those around him and
the authorities who were aware and the lies and hypocrisy of Fazl was proved
to him and decided to kill Fazl (that the Bani Abbas were all treacherous)
but did not pretend and left Marv with the intention of Baghdad and took His
Holiness Reza (AS) and Fazl with himself and when reached Sarakhs Fazl went
to take a bath for venesect, because he had heard from an astrologer that
his blood will be shed between water and fire in such a year. He wanted to
turn destiny with venesection in the bath, but destiny did its own work.
Mamoon secretly missioned a few persons to kill Fazl in the bath secretly.
Then he made a big commotion saying “Alas on Fazl” and also killed the
murderers to remove accusation from himself.

Then he
travelled and arrived in Khorasan. Since it was apparent that the opposition
of Bani Abbas and Iraqis with him is due to the successorship of His
Holiness Reza (AS), planned to even martyr His Holiness. Till in the month
of Safar 203 Hijri (819 AD) called His Holiness to himself. It has been
narrated from Aba Salat who said: When Mamoon’s messenger came to call His
Holiness, His Holiness’ disposition changed and told me: Come with me. When
I come out of Mamoon’s room, if you see my robe is over my head just don’t
talk to me. Anyway, His Holiness went to meet Mamoon. He (Mamoon) after
showing courtesy ordered to bring in a dish of grapes or a dish of poisoned
pomegranate, and said to His Holiness to eat fruits from this dish. His
Holiness said: if possible excuse me for not eating, but with insistence and
compulsion he compelled His Holiness to eat a few grapes or poisoned
pomegranate. His Holiness immediately left there. Mamoon said: Where are you
going in such a hurry? His Holiness said: To the same place that you sent
me. His Holiness entered his house with an upset disposition and the effects
of poison had manifested on his sacred body and according to the most
correct news, on the day of 25th or end of the month of Safar 203
Hijri (819 AD) passed away. At the time His Holiness Imam Mohammad Taghi
Jawad ul Aemmah (AS) was outwardly in Medina, but according to correct
narrations during the time of the death of his father was besides his father
with divine power that Aba Salat had the honor of seeing His Holiness. The
blessed age of His Holiness Reza (AS) during his death was between fifty to
fifty five years according to differences on the date of his birth and
duration of his spiritual guardianship (Imamate) was twenty years.

Marriage and Children of His
Holiness

His Holiness’
only non-bondswoman wife was Umme Habib daughter of Mamoon and as it is said
she was non-intercoursed (virgin). The other mates were bondswomen and the
most virtuous of all of them was the honorable mother of His Holiness Imam
Mohammad Taghi (AS), by the name of Sabikah Nubiyah or Kheizaran or Samana
according to the differences in narrations. Although some historians have
mentioned five sons with the names of Mohammad and Ghane and Hassan and
Jafar and Hussain for His Holiness, but most of the historians know His
Holiness’ son to be only His Holiness Mohammad Taghi (AS) and say even if
there were other children, they had died before and at the time of martyrdom
except His Holiness Imam Taghi, he did not have any other son.

Miracles and Generosities of His
Holiness

Miracles and
generosities of His Holiness are too many that to mention them all would be
a large volume and out of the capacity of this book, and all of them with
explanation and expansion have been recorded in biography books such as the
case during the time of departure from Medina, although with honor and
grandeur he moved, he commanded his own family to cry and weep for him and
specifying that I would not return back from this journey. Next is to state
explicitly that the mission of his successorship will not have a good end.
Next pointing out to his martyrdom to Aba Salat at the time he was going to
meet Mamoon; and other cases. But, his full of wisdom speeches are so many
that to mention them several books are required.

Some Notable Famed Companions of
His Holiness

1) It is mentioned in the book of Bihar: Mohammad bin Rashid was the door
keeper of His Holiness.

2) Mohammad bin Isa bin Abdullah bin Saad

3) Sheikh Marouf Karkhi, special doorkeeper of His Holiness

4) Ibrahim bin Abi Mohammad al Khorasani

5) Ibrahim bin Saleh Anmati

6) Ismael bin Mehran

7) Azram bin Matar

8) Hassan bin Ali bin Yaqtin

9) Raiyyan bin Salt Heravi

10) Hussain bin Ibrahim bin Musa

11) Hamzih bin Bazia

12) Hassan bin Ali bin Fazal

13) Jamad bin Isa abu Mohammad al Jahni

Contemporary Caliphs and
Commanders during the Time of His Holiness

1) Haroon al Rashid

2) Mamoon al Rashid

3) Fazl bin Sahl Zolreyasatain

4) Hassan bin Sahl

5) Tahir bin al Hussain Zolyaminain

6) Harsamah bin Aayon

[1]
When a free man marries a slave woman (bondswoman) and she bears a
child. The mother is called Omme Walad and becomes a free woman.

[2]
His Holiness Best of Men refers to His exalted Holiness Prophet
Mohammad (PBUH).