Core 2: The body in motion
Focus Question 1: How do the
musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory
systems of the body influence and
respond to movement?
Students learn about: skeletal system
Students learn to: identify the location and type of major bones involved in
movement, eg long bones articulate at hinge joints for flexion and extension.
• Major bones involved in movement:
Types of synovial joints
• Gliding joints: side-to-side or back-and-forth
movements usually across flat surfaces.
Example: between carpals and tarsals
• Hinge joints: the convex curve of one bone fits into the
concave surface of the other. Movement in one plane.
Example: elbow and knee joints.
• Pivot joint: primary movement is rotation. The
rounded/pointed surface of one bone joins with the
depression of another bone.
Example: between atlas and axis, or at the proximal end
of the radius and ulna.
Synovial joints cont
• Ellipsoid joint: oval-shaped condyle of one bone fits
into the elliptical depression of another. Movement in
two planes.
Example: joints between metacarpals and phalanges.
• Saddle joint: one bone is saddle-shaped and the other
bone sits like a rider.
Example: carpal and metacarpal of the thumb.
• Ball and socket joint: one round ball joint fits into a
cup-like depression of another.
Example: shoulder and hip joint