in the US, Modernism took on the more constrained meaning
of any system that rejected the traditional doctrine, which in turn
caused a domestic rebellion: Fundamentalism

Schleiermacherwww.phil.upenn.edu

Protestant Liberalism

became prominent in the post-Civil War period

religion is harmonious with science

the Bible is a historical record of a people's religious
development, NOT a divine text directly from God

Biblical criticism

emphasis on reason - didn't believe in supernatural
miracles

is an attitude rather than a credo

Opposition to Modernism and Liberalism is one of the main
premises of the Fundamentalists. The Fundamentalists believe in the supernatural,
as opposed to the natural. In other words, they believe that the Bible
ought to be taken literally and is indeed God's divine text. They believe
in the natural depravity of man, the bodily return of Christ to Earth,
and a literal heaven and a literal hell. They tend to believe that their
faith is a proper justification for everything. More recently, too, the
Fundamentalists have separated themselves from Conservatism as well as
Liberalism. This is because they often believe that their belief system
is the only true belief system, and anything else is just wrong,
whether it be Liberalism or Conservatism or Communism or Fascism. Fundamentalism
is the whole truth, and any opponents have no truth at all.