Article Figures & SI

Figures

Relationship between prosocial behavior and the correlates for the fast and the slow decision makers. (A) Cortical thickness of the right DLPFC (rDLPFC) and the proportion of giving in the DG. (B) SVO measure of prosociality and overall prosocial behavior. The circle size represents the sample size for each 0.1-mm interval of cortical thickness (A) or for each level of SVO prosociality (B). Error bars indicate SEs for the circles, of which n > 3. Regression lines are based on individual scores.

Relationship between the overall prosocial behavior and the cortical thickness of the right DLPFC (rDLPFC). The circle size represents the sample size for each 0.1-mm interval of cortical thickness. Error bars indicate SEs for the circles, of which n > 3. Regression lines are based on individual scores.

Relationship between the overall prosocial behavior and common log-transformed overall RT for each level of the SVO prosociality. (A) Overall prosocial behavior as a function of RT. (B) RT as a function of overall prosocial behavior. The circle size represents the sample size for each 0.5 interval of the common log-transformed RT (A) or 0.5 interval of the overall prosocial behavior (B). Error bars indicate SEs for the circles, of which n > 3. Regression lines are based on individual scores. The dotted line represents the curve linear relationship, including all four levels of SVO prosociality.

Frequency distribution of the within-individual regression coefficients (common log-transformed on the absolute value). The vertical axis represents the frequency of participants who fell within ±0.2 of the value on the horizontal axis.

Within-individual regression coefficients as a function of SVO prosociality. Each circle represents the mean regression (reg.) coefficients (common log-transformed) and the number of participants in each type of SVO. Error bars indicate 95% confidence interval.

Major demographic characteristics of the participants used for analysis. The number of participants in some panels is less than 443 due to missing responses. Gender and age (A), subjective social class (B), annual income in million (mil) JPY (C), number of participants with a 4-y college degree (D), marital status (E), home ownership (n = 433) (F), number of children (G), and number of siblings (n = 410, including deceased) (H) are shown.

Tables

We further found that the negative effect of DLPFC thickness on prosocial giving in the DG interacted with the RT in a regression analysis of prosocial giving, including the interaction term (interaction: β = 0.355, t = 2.58, P = 0.010 for the right DLPFC; interaction: β = 0.238, t = 1.75, P = 0.081 for the left DLPFC)

It should be noted that the RT–behavior relationship is much weaker in the weak prosocials and weak proselfs than in the consistent prosocials and consistent proselfs despite the equivalence in behavior variance [Levene’s test: F(3, 373) = 0.51, P = 0.676] and RT variance [F(3, 373) = 0.67, P = 0.568] in the four levels of SVO

RT variance [F(3, 373) = 1.07, P = 0.360] in the four levels of SVO

We first found that the effect of RT on social risk aversion interacted statistically marginally with SVO (β = 0.679, t = 1.72, P = 0.087) in such a way that consistent prosocials who were high on social risk aversion spent more time than consistent prosocials who were low on social risk aversion (r = 0.295, P = 0.007); on the other hand, the level of social risk aversion was not related to the consistent proselfs’ RT (r = 0.039, P = 0.706)

Correlation among consistent prosocials… was not significant in these two games (r = −0.014, P = 0.901 in the DG; r = 0.060, P = 0.587 in the TG); in the other two games (the PDG and the SDG)… correlation was significant and strong both in the PDG (r = 0.308, P = 0.005) and the SDG (r = 0.350, P = 0.001); among the consistent proselfs, the correlation was negative and did not differ much between the two types of games (r = 0.007, P = 0.950 in the DG; r = −0.081, P = 0.436 in the TG; r = 0.030, P = 0.771 in the PDG; r = 0.117, P = 0.258 in the SDG)

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