Inflammation is associated with a wide range of diseases, including asthma, arthritis, cancer, obesity, heart disease, colitis and neurological disorders, among many others. Detection of secreted factors and their receptors and cellular origin, as well as other biomarkers, are critical for understanding, diagnosing and treating many inflammatory diseases.

The RNAscope®in situ hybridization assay offers a very reliable and robust method for the detection and validation of inflammatory biomarkers within the tissue environment and can be performed on routinely available FFPE samples. Several studies have been published demonstrating the application of the RNAscope® ISH assay in inflammatory-related research:

Identification of cytokines and their cellular origin

Detection of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in inflammatory diseases

Role of inflammatory pathways during carcinogenesis

Therapeutic potential of secreted proteins in inflammatory diseases

Dual ISH-IHC to detect cytokines

Identification of cytokines and their cellular originsIL6 is known to contribute to the development and/or progression of prostate cancer, yet the source of IL6 production has not been well defined. Yu et al. used RNAscope® ISH to show that IL6 expression was nearly exclusively restricted to the prostate stromal compartment. IL6 was detected in the endothelium, stroma, and areas of inflammation, but it was not detected in primary and metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma cells. These findings suggest that paracrine, and not autocrine, IL6 production is associated with prostate cancer disease progression. A paracrine role for IL6 in prostate cancer patients: Lack of production by primary or metastatic tumor cells

Detection of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in inflammatory diseasesLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as unique inflammatory biomarkers that may be associated with a physiological or diseased state. Castellanos-Rubio et al. have identified a lncRNA, lnc13, that is associated with susceptibility to celiac disease. Because lncRNAs do not translate into protein, RNAscope® ISH was used to show localization of lnc13 to the intestinal lamina propria and that lnc13 expression is decreased in patients with celiac disease. A long noncoding RNA associated with susceptibility to celiac disease.

Role of inflammatory pathways during carcinogenesisInflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, and elevated systemic levels of inflammatory biomarkers are predictive of ovarian cancer progression. Gupta et al. sought out to see if differences in the cytokine TNFα by histological subtype and inflammatory exposures could provide further insight into ovarian cancer risk and pathogenesis. Due to the lack validated anti-cytokine antibodies for FFPE tissues, the authors used RNAscope® ISH to show that TNFα varies by ovarian cancer histological subtype and supports a role for inflammation in ovarian carcinogenesis. TNF-α expression, risk factors, and inflammatory exposures in ovarian cancer: evidence for an inflammatory pathway of ovarian carcinogenesis?

Therapeutic potential of secreted proteins in inflammatory diseasesFNDC4 is a secreted protein that is robustly upregulated during inflammation, and could be a potential therapeutic for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and other inflammatory disease. To identify the cells producing Fndc4 in a mouse model of induced colitis, Bosma et al. used RNAscope® ISH to show that colonic epithelial cells and a subset of immune cells in lymphoid aggregates produce Fndc4. FNDC4 acts as an anti-inflammatory factor on macrophages and improves colitis in mice.

Recorded Webinar

Watch recorded webinar to learn more about the ACD study: Visualization of LGR5+ Stem Cells and the immune response in the inflamed mouse colon with RNAscope® Assay presented by Courtney Anderson, Senior Scientist at ACD.

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By checking this box, I agree to receive relevant marketing communications regarding products, industry news, literature, and events from Bio-Techne and its brands:Advanced Cell Diagnostics, R&D Systems, Novus Biologicals, Tocris Bioscience, and ProteinSimple. I understand that I can change my preferences at any time. I further understand that any data provided to Bio-Techne and its brands will be stored, used, and deleted consistent with Bio-Techne’s Privacy Notice