A descriptive and retrospective study was carried out at the Intensive Care Unit from "Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba from January to December, 2009 in order to specify the information about mechanical ventilation associated with pneumonia. For this purpose, demographic variables of interest, isolated germens, days during the procedure application, and physical condition when being discharged from the hospital, as well as the affections that suggested using mechanical ventilation, were analyzed. Male sex (73,4 %) and age between 56 and 57 years (73,3 %) were predominant in the case material. Cerebrovascular disease (53,3 %) constituted the primary cause for which patients required mechanical ventilation. Klebsiella (26,6 %) and Escherichia coli (20,0 %) were the germens frequently isolated in the endotraqueal secretions. Average period of time receiving mechanical ventilation included from the seventh to the tenth day, when the highest frequency of hospital pneumonia was observed. Two third parts of the subjects in the series died, showing a high rate of mortality. Just like in other case materials, further research is needed to clarify whether the patient dies due to pneumonia associated with ventilation or suffering from pneumonia associated with ventilation.