Communiqué on Asia’s human security challenges

Communiqué titled "Seeds of hope for building peace with justice for fullness of life in Asia" produced by the participants of an international consultation on "Asia’s Human Security Challenges: Towards Sustainable Peace with Justice in North East Asia" organized by the CCIA and the Christian Conference of Asia.

12 June 2013

Seeds of hope for building peace with justice for fullness of life in Asia

Peace I leave with you; my peace I give to you. I do not give to you as the world gives.Do not let your hearts be troubled, and do not let them be afraid. (John 14:27)

We, the participants of an international consultation on ‘Asia’s Human Security Challenges: Towards Sustainable Peace with Justice in North East Asia’, organized by the Commission of the Churches on International Affairs (CCIA) of the World Council of Churches (WCC) and the Christian Conference of Asia (CCA) held in Tsuen Wan, Hong Kong SAR, from 3 to 6 June 2013. We convened under the Lordship of Jesus, who leads us to justice and peace, to understand and analyze various Asian realities, in particular human security challenges and emerging geopolitical trends that affect peace with justice and human rights and human dignity.

During the three days of the deliberations, we celebrated the rich traditions and heritage of this vast Asian continent even as we also lamented the current realities that diminish the dignity of Asian peoples and violate their human rights. Nevertheless, we also share our joy with all peoples of Asia, sharing in their fervent desire for peace, security and justice nurtured in love and undergirded by our commitment to affirm human dignity, protect human rights and build sustainable communities.

We celebrate Asia

Asia is a vast region – expansive in land mass; diverse in population, varied in nationalities, ethnicities, and indigenous peoples; plural in its religions; varied in its political maturity; rich in economic resources; and vibrant with the multiplicity of cultural expressions. Asia deserves, even requires, a plural rather than a singular description. Asia is rich in natural resources. It has vast fertile and arable lands. Its soil is rich in all of the mineral resources necessary for industrialization and economic development of the region. Asians are hospitable peoples.

Asians are nurtured by their ancient civilizations, profound religiosity, and deep spirituality. Asia is home to many religions that have stood the test of time and the challenges posed by secularism, including challenges external and internal to the region. Asia is the birthplace and cradle of all major world religions - the three Abrahamic faiths – Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism and several other indigenous religions and spiritualities and way of life such as Confucianism.

3. Asian ecumenism has been an incubator of active Christian witness in the public square. Numerous interreligious and interfaith endeavors towards dialogue and cooperation, much of which have been initiated by Christians, and which have sown seeds of social trust and reconciliation, are heartening. Our gathering in Hong Kong hopes to contribute to a long tradition of ecumenical thought and action dealing with sustainable peace with justice, healing and reconciliation, indeed of faithful discipleship and stewardship in the oikoumene.

We celebrate Asia even as we also lament historic injustices and their contemporary expressions exacerbated by globalization characterized by the unbridled pursuit of capital, the hegemonic realignment of nation-states by the superpowers and the increased use of violence to protect the unhampered access to the region’s wealth and resources. Globalization has engendered development aggression, including extractive mining, to the detriment of indigenous peoples and ecological systems, like in Indonesia, India and the Philippines. Asian countries such as India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, Myanmar and Nepal are major migrant-sending countries. South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia receive large numbers of migrant workers. But adequate protection of the right of migrant workers and their families are lamentably lacking. Migrant workers have become easy pawns of the global labour market within migrant-receiving countries in Asia, Arabian Gulf and other parts of the world.

Human security in Asia today is threatened and hampered due to various factors. Millions of Asians are denied of peace with justice. Sadly, these are hallmarks of Asian society today: increasing poverty, inadequate health care, economic exploitation, exploitation of natural resources and environmental degradation; drug trafficking; armed conflicts and violence; militarization, arms build-up, nuclearisation, and proliferation of small arms and light weapons; domination and intervention of major powers from outside and within the region; ethnic and religious conflicts, communal violence, and political unrest; violation and denial of human rights in various forms, like torture, custodial death, human trafficking, extrajudicial killings, and violations on a variety of populations, like the rights of migrant workers, of stateless peoples; of workers and farmers; and the suppression of people’s legitimate right to self-determination; lack of rule of law and democratic governance, and more.

The intractable wars and lingering conflicts in Asia are either homegrown or fomented and prosecuted by the outside big military and economic powers. These wars and conflicts are pushing the region to conflagration and impoverization. Militarization and escalating arms build-up have become a wider Asian phenomenon. The national coffers of a growing number of Asian countries are too tilted to defense spending rather than to securing social safety nets. A variety of factors explains the new wave of increased military budgets in Asian countries: China’s rising influence within the region, the "return to Asia" strategy of the United States, with the so-called Asia pivot, growing territorial and border disputes and related inter-state tensions, and more. Asia region apparently is sliding into an arms race.

Peace and security in North East Asia has been a major concern during the past several decades. This certainly is true for the Korean Peninsula where 60 years since an armistice agreement was signed has not eased the tension in the region. The Korean War (1950-1953) cemented the Cold War regime in the region and remains so today. Throughout the war, 5.1 million Korean people have died or wounded, and some 10 million people have been separated from their family members. Foreign powers took the lead in this war. The U.S. and former USSR had divided the peninsula while Japan laid the foundation for colonial conquest, imperialistic subjugation, and gross human rights violations, including massacres. As superpowers contend for supremacy over the peninsula, and as two different regimes, North Korea and South Korea, ceaselessly confront each other, true peace is ever more elusive. As long as the armistice prevails, there is no true end of the Cold War and world peace that is just, durable and sustainable. This warrants the need for steps to be taken to realize peace include ending of economic, financial and commercial sanctions against North Korea and turning the armistice agreement to a peace treaty, effectively ending today’s de facto war.

In Asia, the democratic space is disturbingly shrinking and the rule of law and good governance grossly deficient. In the name of national security, legitimate dissent and protest is suppressed, including those raised by minorities, indigenous peoples, non-governmental organizations, even opposition political parties, thus shrinking political diversity. The deligitimization of established democratic institutions, including independent judiciaries, and the discrediting, imprisonment and killing of democratic elements and forces, including civil society, NGO leaders and church workers, defies a region with many countries that have already subscribed to many multilateral human rights and good governance mechanisms. Gross violation of human rights, especially freedom of religion or belief, has led to ethno-religious cleansing and heightened religious intolerance. We must challenge the exploitation of the fight against terrorism as reason for suppression of freedoms and civil liberties.

In Asia, nation-states have aggressively asserted their roles while the participation of citizens and civil society organizations in the political process is increasingly being diminished. Recognizable deficit in democratic constitutional practices and regnant features of authoritarian politics in the region are frustrating democratization efforts. Increased military alliances and free trade agreements with the superpowers is putting Asian countries in the ambit of superpower military and economic strategies that do not necessarily promote the region’s interest but rather pulls us into their wars and agendas.

Peace negotiations and reconciliation efforts in different forms and stages are taking place in countries like the Philippine, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Nepal etc. Many of these peace processes have taken long time to materialize. Previously consolidated arrangements are frustrated by exigent and narrow political interests often at the behest of and imposition of external interventions rather than durable considerations or community interests.

Even as Asia has rich resources, economic disparities and poverty abound. In the face of wanton poverty, the region faces lack of food security. The products of globalized production have enriched global coffers but not local communities. Defense budgets have taken a big slice of national budgets while appropriations for social safety nets, especially education and health, remain terribly low. The ratio of borrowing and servicing of burgeoning foreign debt to that of national spending is consigning domestic need to low priority. Add the unprecedented culture of corruption denies the poor of legitimate public resources and finances.

Natural disasters and human made calamities have been features of many Asian countries, like Bangladesh, Indonesia, Thailand, Pakistan, China, Japan, and the Philippines. Inadequate mitigatory mechanisms make Asian countries even more vulnerable to these disasters. Development aggression, including extractive mining, has added to historic carbon emission by Asian countries, especially China, Japan, India and South Korea, putting climate change an urgent concern.

Religious fundamentalism and political extremism is on the rise in Asia. In clear instances, religious differences have been exploited to intensify conflicts and violence. Politicization of religion and persecution of religious minorities, especially curtailing the freedom of religion is another prevalent trend in several Asian countries.

The patriarchal structures of Asian societies are contributing to hierarchal practices that exacerbate abuse and violence and must therefore be critiqued so that we can forge liberating relationships. The abuse of, trafficking in and violence against women, children and youth must be stopped. Complicity of Christians in acts of injustice and violence, and their reluctance to stop them, fragmenting the body of Christ, confuses neighbours of other faiths about our sincerity to live out the fullness of shalom. Our lament must be turned to affirmation of every effort and endeavor by all religions and ideologies to work tirelessly and sacrificially to make a more just and compassionate world and a friendlier, brighter tomorrow.

We hope for Asia

Christ is our peace; Christ leads us to overcome injustice (Ephesians 2). Our commitment to peace and justice are a humble response to the ethical demands of shalom and not by political exigency or economic expediency. The peace that we seek is the peace that the Psalmist exclaimed as having embraced with justice (Psalm 85). We must be warned that God is displeased with the absence of justice and would be appalled if there was no one in the public square to take the side of the poor, deprived, oppressed and marginalized (Isaiah 59).

Christians desiring for peace and justice must be servants of peace and agents of justice rather than peddlers of death. We must triumph over militarism and militarization and move from militarized economies to peace economies. We must not be seduced by the military industrial complex to militarize our societies and pillage our rich natural resources. Christ has already triumphed over the imperial order and we are now a resurrected people in Christ, invited to be Christ’s friends, and friends of God’s beloved whose hurts and pains Jesus took upon himself – the widows and orphans, the despised and destitute, the oppressed and downtrodden.

The diversity of our ethnicities and nationalities is a celebration of God’s image in each of us, compelling us to protect human dignity and assert human rights in faithfulness to our God. Our involvement in human rights must redound to lifting up the poor, deprived, oppressed and marginalized. God’s justice is about the victims, the helpless and the hurt. Touching their lives — in solidarity and accompaniment — is the true measure of Christian discipleship. Ensuring the fullness of life together and collectively with them is the true mark of Christian stewardship.

The peace of Christ embodies abundant and life in its fullness here and now (John 10:10). Abundance and prosperity must be predicated on lifestyles and political and corporate practices that sustain the integrity of God's entire creation, which is cosmological in scope as oikoumene is truly about. Pillage and plunder has no place in the order of God’s creation. The health of the ecological order is at the heart of God’s creative design. This includes food and water security for all. In the abundance of God’s resources and grace, we are called in Asia to live simple lifestyles of contentment and sharing which announces our liberation from mammon.

True national security is peoples' security that puts first and centers the human rights and freedoms of human beings and their collectivities. It is security that makes us and our neighbors live together in peace with justice and fullness of life. It is security that makes possible for everyone to “sit under their own vine and fig tree and no one will make them afraid” (Micah 4:4). Might it be Lord Jesus that we merit your blessings to be your true partners in sowing hope, spreading love, building justice and seeking peace for life, so that the world might yet believe. God of life, lead us to justice and peace.