1. The heart of Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee was D
A. whether treaties are supreme laws of the land.
B. whether states’ rights trumped national authority.
C. the right of Virginia to seize property of traitors during war.
D. whether the Supreme Court had authority to overturn decisions of state courts.

Question 2. 2. Article III of the Constitution establishes that B
A. the Supreme Court can invalidate laws of Congress.
B. the judicial powers of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court.
C. the Supreme Court can create inferior courts.
D. the Supreme Court has jurisdiction over state courts.

Question 3. 3. In Griswold v. Connecticut, the Supreme Court was considered an activist court because A
A. it asserted that laws banning contraception were legitimate state rights.
B. it overturned the will of a democratically elected legislature acting in the interests of the people and thus, making law.
C. it maintained that the rights of married people were sacred.
D. it asserted nonexistent rights.

Question 4. 4. Which of the following is true regarding senatorial courtesy? D
A. An individual who wants to be a district court judge would contact the President to ask for an appointment.
B. The President defers to the senator of the state where the district court is located when approving a district court judge.
C. All district court judge confirmation hearings take place before the Senate Judiciary Committee.
D. The nomination of the district court judge must be approved by the entire body of the Senate.

Question 5. 5. When the President appoints a nominee to the Supreme Court, he mainly D
A. considers the Senate’s opinion of the nominee.
B. selects judges who do not share the President’s views.
C. selects only pro-life candidates.
D. considers the nominee’s ideological orientation.

Question 6. 6. The reason why the Supreme Court came around to upholding that states had an obligation to provide attorneys to those who could not afford them was B
A. attorneys were charging additional costs to poor defendants.
B. to provide a fair advantage to defendants.
C. it was something that other countries did.
D. to encourage defendants to plea bargain.

Question 7. 7. The case of Schenck v. United States established that A
A. free speech is an absolute and unlimited civil liberty.
B. speech may be abridged when an individual finds it offensive.
C. speech may be abridged when it creates a clear and present danger.
D. nothing can be considered dangerous speech during time of war.

Question 9. 9. A suspect in a crime D
A. must be informed of his Miranda rights upon arrest.
B. does not have to be informed of his Miranda rights until arraigned.
C. may confess and then be informed of his Miranda rights.
D. can be forcibly coerced to confess after being informed of his Miranda rights.

Question 10. 10. In Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court overturned Plessy v. Ferguson because it concluded that C
A. the school district in Topeka, Kansas could not afford a separate school system.
B. white schools must accept black students once they proved they could afford the school.
C. the Civil Rights Movement needed an important court case to gain momentum.
D separate was not equal, and that black students were being denied an equal education as outlined in the Equal Protection Clause.