Chronic gingivitis can cause the marginal and interdental gingival tissue to become enlarged and inflamed.

Early detection of an abscess is imperative in order to avoid destruction of dental tissue. Early detection of an abscess is BEST accomplished with the use of dental radiographs.

Both statements are true.
The first statement is false; the second is true.
The first statement is true; the second is false.
Both statements are false

The first statement is true; the second is false.

The first statement is true. Early detection of abscess is imperative in order to avoid

destruction of dental tissue. The second statement is false. Abscess formation may NOT be detectable on radiographs during the early stages. This is because the infection process may NOT have destroyed alveolar bone, thereby decreasing the density of the bone that can be seen radiographically as a radiolucent image.

Which of the following signs OR symptoms CANNOT be used to describe cellulitis of the face and neck?

Redness
Tenderness
Systemic infection
Pain

Systemic infection

Even though infection is associated with cellulitis, a diffuse inflammation of soft tissue

spaces, the infection usually remains localized and is NOT systemic.

Which of the following disease states may be involved in an odontogenic infection that has an inflammation of the bone marrow?

Osteomyelitis
Meningitis
Cellulitis
Paresthesia

Osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis most often occurs in the
mandible BECAUSE of the mandible's thicker cortical plates and reduced vascularization.

The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.

Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.

Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.

NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT

Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.

When a patient complains of burning and
prickling in the mandible, more than likely he or she has a condition known as Ludwig's angina BECAUSE an infection from the entrapment of pathogens or normal flora with suppuration has become encased in that area.

Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.

NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.

Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.

The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.

NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct

The statement is NOT correct. When a patient complains of burning and prickling in the mandible, more than likely he or she has a condition known as paresthesia, NOT Ludwig’s angina. The reason is NOT correct. An infection from the entrapment of pathogens with suppuration describes an abscess, and normal flora is resident bacteria that normally does NOT cause an infection.

Which of the following symptoms is NOT
related to an infection of the paranasal sinuses that resulted from a direct spread of infection from the teeth and associated oral tissue?

Tenderness
Hypothermia
Pharyngeal discharge
Headache

Hypothermia

Fever or increased body temperature is often associated with infection. Hypothermia is a

decrease in body temperature.

Which of the following disease states can DIRECTLY cause the spread of dental infections by way of the vascular system?

Pustule
Abscess
Fistula
Bacteremia

Bacteremia

An infected thrombus can dislodge from the inner blood vessel wall and travel as an embolus. Emboli can travel in the veins, draining the oral cavity into areas such as the dural venous sinuses within the oral cavity.

The first statement is true; the second is false.
The first statement is false; the second is true.
Both statements are false.
Both statements are true

Both statements are true

Which of the following signs and symptoms CANNOT be used to describe cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Rapid pulse
Bradycardia
Drowsiness
Fever

Bradycardia

Bradycardia is a decreased heart rate or pulse rate. An increase or rapid pulse is a common

sign or symptom of cavernous sinus thrombosis.

From what case histories do MOST odontogenic infections in patients result from?

More than half of the gram-negative anaerobic bacteria are capable of producing the beta-lactamase enzyme, which is responsible for the initial etiology of head and neck infections, as well as many treatment failures in odontogenic infections.

Evaluation of lymph node involvement can BEST determine which of the following?

Healing level of patient
Etiology of infection
Age of the patient
Regional involvement

Regional involvement

What recent procedure performed in the
community has increased the cases of Ludwig's angina?

Laser hair removal
Ear piercing
Tooth jewelry
Tongue piercing

Tongue piercing

A thorough medical history with periodic updates will allow the dental professional to perform safe treatment of medically compromised patients and avoid serious complications due to dental diseases. These patients may require antibiotic premedication before dental treatment or other changes in the dental treatment plan so as to prevent
serious sequelae.

Both statements are false.

Both statements are true.

The first statement is false; the second is true.

The first statement is true; the second is false

Both statements are true.

Using an antiseptic oral rinse before treatment, a rubber dam, or an antimicrobial-laced external water supply during treatment when ultrasonics or irrigators are used may be of help in preventing the spread of infection.

The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.

NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.

The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.

Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related

Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.

Since the apices of the mandibular second and third molars are inferior to the mylohyoid muscle, an infection here will MOST likely spread directly to the sublingual space.

Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.

The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.

The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.

Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.

NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct

The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.

MULTIPLE ANSWERS

From the following list of fascial spaces, select those that can be DIRECTLY involved in the spread of infection concerning Ludwig's angina.