Esophageal pH monitoring is considered to be the gold standard for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal acid reflux. However, this method is very troublesome and considerably limits the patients routine activities. Wireless pH monitoring was developed to avoid these restrictions. OBJECTIVES: To compare conventional and wireless pH monitoring in relation to: routine activity limitations and degree of discomfort, the occurrence of relevant technical failures, the ability to detect reflux and to correlate the clinical symptoms to it. An additional objective is to determine if longer monitoring (48-hour) offers any advantages over usual monitoring (24-hour). METHOD: Twenty-five patients referred for esophageal pH monitoring and with typical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease as the main complaint were studied prospectively. All patients underwent clinical interview, esophageal manometry and were submitted, with a simultaneous initial period, to 24-hour catheter pH monitoring and 48-hour wireless pH monitoring. After each pH-metry the patients completed a questionnaire on the degree of discomfort. RESULTS: Fifteen (60%) patients reported a higher level of discomfort to introduce the capsule and ten (40%) to introduce the catheter (p=0.327). For all questionnaire items, less discomfort was reported during the second day of monitoring in comparison to the first day (p<0.05). Early capsule detachment occurred in one (4%) case and there were no relevant technical failures with the catheter pH monitoring (p=0.463). Percentages of reflux time (total, upright and supine) were higher with the wireless pH monitoring (p<0.05). The Symptom Index was positive in 12 (48%) patients with catheter pH monitoring and in 13 (52%) with wireless pH monitoring (p=0.777). The Symptom Index was positive in 13 (52%) patients with usual 24-hour pH-metry and in 14 (56%) with longer pH-metry (48-hour) (p=1.000). CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of the current research: 1) No significant differences were reported between the two methods of pH monitoring, in relation to the degree of discomfort to introduce the pH sensors (capsule X catheter) or in regard to relevant technical failures; 2) During pH monitoring, the wireless system is better tolerated than the catheter. Wireless pH monitoring detected higher percentages of reflux time than the conventional pH-metry; 3) The two methods of pH monitoring were comparable in correlating the clinical symptoms with the reflux; 4) The longer 48-hour pH monitoring does not significantly improve the ability to correlate the clinical symptoms with the reflux in relation to the 24-hour pH monitoring.

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