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Chapter 61. Which of the following best describes one function of a router? It determines the best path for traffic to take through a network. 2. Which of the following best describes the core function of path determination? Choosing the best of the entire learned router for each subnet.3. What is the primary type of info used by network layer when forwarding packets? An IP routing table. 4. Which of the following statements describes the routing protocol exchange process is true? The routers using OPSF can exchange information using LSAs and also a router using RIP exchange routing tables at least every 30 sec. by default. 5. Which of the following best describes a routed protocol? Address provides enough information they allow a packet to be forwarded from host to host. 6. Which of the following best describes a routing protocol? A protocol through which routers learn about the possible IP routes.7. What is one characteristic of distance vector routing protocols? They are computationally simple. 8. Which of the following best describes the difference between an EGB and an IGP? IGPs are used within autonomous systems, but EGPs are used between autonomous systems. 9. How do link-state routing protocols build routing tables? Exchanging LSAs and running the SPF algorithm. 10. A corporate office has one large router connecting six subnets on six different Fast Ethernet interfaces, but it has no other interfaces, and no other routers exist. Which routing protocols could be configured for this router to learn routs to the six LAN subnets? No routing protocols are necessary. 11. Which of the following is predetermined by an administrator and does not require a routing algorithm? Static route.12. Which of the following best describes a default route? The router used when the destination network is not listed explicitly in the routing table.

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...Describe each of the seven layers of the OSI model.
• Layer 1 is the Physical Layer. The job of the physical layer is to format the signal according to mechanical electrical and functional parameters
• Layer 2 is the Data Link Layer. It is used to tie the network protocol to the physical medium
• Layer 3 is the Network Layer. It assigns source and destination IP addresses it also assigns which port to forward the network.
• Layer 4 is the Transport Layer. This layer is responsible for interfacing the higher order layer with the lower layers.
• Layer 5 is the Session Layer. This layer establishes and monitors communication between two end devices. IT ensures both devices are talking to the application layer.
• Layer 6 is the Presentation Layer. It is translating and presenting the data to the user in a readable format.
• Layer 7 is the Application Layer. This end user interacts with the application layer when creating a document.
2. What are some networking troubleshooting tools? Describe each tools purpose and what it can tell you about the network/potential problem
The Seven Layer OSI model is a great troubleshooting tool. If you work your way up thru the different layers you can actually narrow down the problem and quickly solve it. You can begin at either end of the model but I always start at the first layer. By quickly checking the Physical Layer, where most of the problems lie, you can solve most problems with connection issues. As you...

...Routers and Routing Basics, CCNA 2 Labs and Study Guide
Concept Questions
PG 4-5
1. What is the most important function of a router?
Routers route packets
2. Define default gateway. You can use any source at your disposal.
* On a computer, a reference to an IP address on the same subnet, with that IP address being the IP address or a router. When the computer needs to send a packet to another subnet, it sends the packet to its default gateway. Also called default router.
* No
3. In three or four sentences, explain the purpose of DCE and DTE in WAN links.
DCE and DTE are on the circuit ends of leased lines of Telco. DCE's is normally a CSU/DSU that receives information and sets the clocking speed to the DTE. The DTE's are normally routers that send information through the WAN at the rate set by the DCE.
4. Explain what a router is and what it does.
A router is a network device, typically connected to a variety of LAN and WAN interfaces, that forwards packets based on their destination IP addresses.
Concept Questions
PG 10
1. What three components of a router retain their memory when power is not present?
* NVRAM
* ROM
* Flash Memory
2. In what three ways can you configure a router?
* Console
* Telnet
* AUX
3. Of the two management ports, which one is preferred, and why?
The preferred port is the 'console port' because not all routers have an 'auxiliary port'.
4....

...IT320IT320 Wan Technology/ Unit 4
Assignment: 4.1
1. At what layer of the OSI model does CDP operate?
Data Link layer
2. What is the primary use for CDP?
To discover information about directly connected Cisco devices
3. What network layer protocols can CDP provide information for?
IP, Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX), and AppleTalk
4. When CDP is enabled on an interface, a router (or switch) sends CDP advertisements on a regular
basis, which list information about the sending router. Included in the packets are a series of
Type/Length/Value, or TLV, data structures.
5. The show cdp neighbors command can be used to display one line of information about each directly
connected CDP-enabled device. List the six pieces of information displayed.
Device ID, local interface, holdtime, capability, platform, and port ID
6. In the topology of all Cisco devices shown in Figure 4-1, you are on Host A and consoled in to RTA.
What devices can you see in the output from CDP commands? SWA, RTB, and RTC—only the directly connected devices that are attached to RTA
7. How would you gather information about other CDP-enabled devices in the network?
By Telneting to those devices and using the show cdp neighbors command
8. From RTB in Figure 4-1, what devices can you see in the output from CDP commands?
RTA and RTD
9. From RTC in Figure 4-1, what devices can you see in the output from CDP commands?
RTA and RTD
10. From RTD in...

...﻿
Chapter 1 review
1. Which of the following is true about 1 bit? (C. Represents one binary digit)
2. Which of the following terms mean approximately 106 bytes? (B. Megabytes)
3. Which answer lists the correct number of bits associated with each term? (C. 64 bits per quadruple word)
4. Which of the following answers are true about random-access memory (RAM) as it is normally used inside a personal computer? (A. Used for short term memory & C. used to process data)
5. This chapter describes the concepts behind how a CPU reads the contents from RAM. Which of the following is true about the process of read data, as described in the chapter? (A. the CPU tells the RAM which address holds the data that the CPU wants to read.)
6. A user has opened a word processor, typed the numbers 123456789, and stored the document as a file called report1. Which of the following determines, in part, what bits the computer stores in the file to represent the text typed into the report? (C. Character Set)
7. A user has opened a calculator application, typed the numbers 123456789, and then done some math problem using this number. Which of the following determines, in part, what bits the computer (D. the binary equivalent of decimal 123456789)
8. Which of the following is not a feature of a file system that might be used with a hard disk drive? ()
9. A student writes a report using a word processor, saving the report in a file called my_report. The student stores the file on his...

...Chapter 1
1. Which of the following statements accurately describe differences between a LAN and a WAN?
b. companies can use a Wan to connect remote locations, and a LAN can make a local connection in a building.
d. Only WANs require a CSU/DSU to be used on the ends of the cable
2. Network professionals belong to organizations that plan and define standards used in networking. Which of the following are recognized industry organizations?
a. IETF
c. ISO
d. EIA
f. ITU
3. Which of the following are true about router?
a. routers enable different IP networks or IP subnets to communicate with each other.
c. path selection is one of the main functions of a router.
e. routers have a central processing unit and memory.
4. Which of the following are main components of a router?
a. ROM
b. Flash memory
e. RAM
5. Which of the following statements describe the function of RAM in a router?
c. RAM stores the current configuration information.
e. RAM stores routing tables for the router.
6. Which of the following statements are true about DTE?
c. DTE usually resides on the customer's premises.
d. DTE is an acronym for data terminal equipment.
7. Which of the following statements are true about DCE?
b. DCE provides clocking to the DTE.
c. DCE is an acronym for data circuit-terminating equipment.
8. The term WAN refers to which layers of the OSI model?
b. Data link
d. Physical
9. Which of the following physical...

...Homework 5.1
Pg 205 "Master it"
1. What are the three basic tools required to install a plug for a UTP wire?
A. Wire Stripper
B. Wire Cutter
C. Cable crimper
2. What type of fiber-optic tester should you purchase to make sure the cable was installed without any fault and that enough light is being transmitted through the fiber, and what three things should you know before buying a cable?
Attenuation tester, the tester should include capability for the correct fiber connectors, support the correct type of fiber, and be able to test at the appropriate wavelength.
3. Which of the following supplies enable the reduction of friction on the cables while being pulled.
The wire pulling lubricant(c)
Pg. 290
1. What are the main aspects the must be addressed when designing and installing wall plates?
Manufacturer system, wall plate location, wall plate mounting system, and whether to use a fixed design or a modular plate.
2. Which TIA standards should you refer to for ensuring proper design and installation of wall plates?
You should refer to ANSI/TIA-570-B for residential and ANSI/TIA568-c.1 for commercial
3. Modular wall plates will provide you with the greatest flexibility because the designs have individual components that can be installed in varying options
Pg 315
1. What is the most common modular jack-designation for IP/Ethernet-based systems (for example, 10base-TX?)What are your wiring patterns options? Which of these...

...1. When a router is first powered on, it completes a four-step initialization process:
1. Preforming a power-on self test (POST)
2. Loading a bootstrap program
3. Loading an IOS
4. Loading a configuration file
The last three of these steps require the router to copy the files into RAM. Normally, most routers load an IOS image that is stored in flash memory and an initial configuration stored in NVRAM.
2. Routers use the following logic, in order, to attempt to load an IOS:
1. Load a limited-function IOS if the configuration register’s last hex digit is set to 0 or 1.
2. Load an IOS based on the configuration of boot system commands in the startup-configuration file.
3. Load the first file in flash as the IOS.
4. Use TFTP broadcasts to find a TFTP server and download an IOS from that server.
5. Load a limited-function IOS from ROM.
In Step 1, the configuration register is a16-bit number that Cisco routers store in a hidden area of NVRAM. It can be set in a couple of ways and can be seen using the show version command. The most commonly used way to set its value is to use the config-register global configuration command. Routers use the 4 low-order bits of the configuration register as the boot field, which tells the router what to do in the first of the preceding five decision steps. If the value of the field is set to 0, the router loads the ROMMON (ROM Monitor), which is used for password recovery. If the value is set to1, the router loads the Boot...