Atomic Theory

is the study of atoms. Atoms are the smallest forms
of matter that can still be considered/recognized as elements. Atoms are
what make up everything on our earth, from molecules to monkeys. Atoms are
joined together to make molecules, which are in turn joined together to
make everything else. To give you an idea of the size of an atom, Encarta
Online describes it as being "so small that a single drop of water could
contain more than a million million billion atoms". I think they could've
used more scientific terms, but you get the idea at least.
In the early half of the 19th century, John Dalton (a chemist, who
many consider the person who started the atomic theory) proved that atoms
are ...

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and sloids, the same procedure for
gas is followed, more or less. In the early 1960s, though, the
international union of chemistry and physics agreed that there would be a
new standard, carbon isotope (carbon-12).
British physicist Ernest Rutherford found and proved that an atom's
mass is concentrated in its its nucleus, which is the center of the atom.
He also gave the idea that parts of an atom, called its electrons, orbit
the nucleus. He said that the electrons were "negatively charged" and that
the protons were "positively charged". He said that the two charged always
equalled each other/cancelled each other out (making it neutral).
Danish physicist made what became known as the "Bohr Theory" for
atoms and atomics theory. He stated that electrons were arranged in seven
different orbits, or "quantum levels". He said that each of these levels
was capable of holding a different, limited number of electrons.
In 1919, Ernest Rutherford tried to bombard nitrogen gas with ...

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