Pryazovia (Ukrainian: Приазов'я, Russian: Приазовье, Priazovye) or literally Cis-Azov region is usually referred to the geographic area of north coast of the Sea of Azov. It is located in the northern part of the Azov-Kuban Lowland which surrounds the Sea of Azov for the most of coastline stretch; in a more general sense it may mean the Azov Sea littoral.

1.
Ukrainian language
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Ukrainian /juːˈkreɪniən/ is an East Slavic language. Written Ukrainian uses a variant of the Cyrillic script, historical linguists trace the origin of the Ukrainian language to the Old East Slavic of the early medieval state of Kievan Rus. After the fall of the Kievan Rus as well as the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, the Modern Ukrainian language has been in common use since the late 17th century, associated with the establishment of the Cossack Hetmanate. From 1804 until the Russian Revolution, the Ukrainian language was banned from schools in the Russian Empire and it has always maintained a sufficient base in Western Ukraine, where the language was never banned, in its folklore songs, itinerant musicians, and prominent authors. The Ukrainian language retains a degree of intelligibility with Belarusian and Russian. The first theory of the origin of Ukrainian language was suggested in Imperial Russia in the middle of the 18th century by Mikhail Lomonosov and this theory posits the existence of a common language spoken by all East Slavic people in the time of the Rus. Another point of view developed during the 19th and 20th centuries by linguists of Imperial Russia, like Lomonosov, they assumed the existence of a common language spoken by East Slavs in the past. This general point of view is the most accepted amongst academics worldwide, the supporters of this theory disagree, however, about the time when the different languages were formed. Soviet scholars set the divergence between Ukrainian and Russian only at time periods. During the time of the incorporation of Ruthenia into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and this point of view is, however, at variance with some historical data. In fact, several East Slavic tribes, such as Polans, Drevlyans, Severians, Dulebes, White Croats, Tiverians, notably, some Ukrainian features were recognizable in the southern dialects of Old East Slavic as far back as the language can be documented. In contrast, Ahatanhel Krymsky and Alexei Shakhmatov assumed the existence of the spoken language of Eastern Slavs only in prehistoric times. According to their point of view, the diversification of the Old East Slavic language took place in the 8th or early 9th century, Ukrainian linguist Stepan Smal-Stotsky went even further, denying the existence of a common Old East Slavic language at any time in the past. Similar points of view were shared by Yevhen Tymchenko, Vsevolod Hantsov, Olena Kurylo, Ivan Ohienko, according to this theory, the dialects of East Slavic tribes evolved gradually from the common Proto-Slavic language without any intermediate stages during the 6th through 9th centuries. The Ukrainian language was formed by convergence of tribal dialects, mostly due to a migration of the population within the territory of todays Ukraine in later historical periods. This point of view was supported by George Shevelovs phonological studies. During the 13th century, when German settlers were invited to Ukraine by the princes of Galicia-Vollhynia and their influence would continue under Poland not only through German colonists but also through the Yiddish-speaking Jews. Often such words involve trade or handicrafts, examples of words of German or Yiddish origin spoken in Ukraine include dakh, rura, rynok, kushnir, and majster

2.
Russian language
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Russian is an East Slavic language and an official language in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and many minor or unrecognised territories. Russian belongs to the family of Indo-European languages and is one of the four living members of the East Slavic languages, written examples of Old East Slavonic are attested from the 10th century and beyond. It is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia and the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages and it is also the largest native language in Europe, with 144 million native speakers in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. Russian is the eighth most spoken language in the world by number of native speakers, the language is one of the six official languages of the United Nations. Russian is also the second most widespread language on the Internet after English, Russian distinguishes between consonant phonemes with palatal secondary articulation and those without, the so-called soft and hard sounds. This distinction is found between pairs of almost all consonants and is one of the most distinguishing features of the language, another important aspect is the reduction of unstressed vowels. Russian is a Slavic language of the Indo-European family and it is a lineal descendant of the language used in Kievan Rus. From the point of view of the language, its closest relatives are Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Rusyn. An East Slavic Old Novgorod dialect, although vanished during the 15th or 16th century, is considered to have played a significant role in the formation of modern Russian. In the 19th century, the language was often called Great Russian to distinguish it from Belarusian, then called White Russian and Ukrainian, however, the East Slavic forms have tended to be used exclusively in the various dialects that are experiencing a rapid decline. In some cases, both the East Slavic and the Church Slavonic forms are in use, with different meanings. For details, see Russian phonology and History of the Russian language and it is also regarded by the United States Intelligence Community as a hard target language, due to both its difficulty to master for English speakers and its critical role in American world policy. The standard form of Russian is generally regarded as the modern Russian literary language, mikhail Lomonosov first compiled a normalizing grammar book in 1755, in 1783 the Russian Academys first explanatory Russian dictionary appeared. By the mid-20th century, such dialects were forced out with the introduction of the education system that was established by the Soviet government. Despite the formalization of Standard Russian, some nonstandard dialectal features are observed in colloquial speech. Thus, the Russian language is the 6th largest in the world by number of speakers, after English, Mandarin, Hindi/Urdu, Spanish, Russian is one of the six official languages of the United Nations. Education in Russian is still a choice for both Russian as a second language and native speakers in Russia as well as many of the former Soviet republics. Russian is still seen as an important language for children to learn in most of the former Soviet republics, samuel P. Huntington wrote in the Clash of Civilizations, During the heyday of the Soviet Union, Russian was the lingua franca from Prague to Hanoi

3.
Sea of Azov
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The Sea of Azov is a sea in Eastern Europe. To the south it is linked by the narrow Strait of Kerch to the Black Sea, the sea is bounded in the north by mainland Ukraine, in the east by Russia, and in the west by the Crimean Peninsula. The Don and Kuban are the rivers that flow into it. The Sea of Azov is the shallowest sea in the world, there is a constant outflow of water from the Sea of Azov to the Black Sea. The sea is affected by the inflow of numerous rivers, which bring sand, silt, and shells, which in turn form numerous bays, limans. Because of these deposits, the sea bottom is relatively smooth, also, due to the river inflow, water in the sea has low salinity and a high amount of biomass that affects the water colour. Abundant plankton results in high fish productivity. The sea shores and spits are low, they are rich in vegetation, the name likely derives from the settlement of an area around Azov, whose name comes from the Kipchak Turkish asak or azaq. A Russian folk etymology, however, instead derives it from an eponymous Cuman prince named Azum or Asuf, a formerly common spelling of the name in English was the Sea of Azoff, which is closer to the Russian pronunciation. In antiquity, the sea was known as the Maeotis Swamp from the marshlands to its northeast. It remains unclear whether it was named for the nearby Maeotians or if that name was applied broadly to various peoples who happened to live beside it. Other names included Lake Maeotis or Maeotius, the Maeotium or Maeotic Sea, the Cimmerian or Scythican Swamps, the Maeotians themselves were said by Pliny to call the sea Temarenda or Temerinda, meaning Mother of Waters. The medieval Russians knew it as the Sea of Surozh after the adjacent city now known as Sudak and it was known in Ottoman Turkish as the Balük-Denis from its high productivity. There are traces of Neolithic settlement in the now covered by the sea. In 1997, William Ryan and Walter Pitman of Columbia University published a theory that a flood through the Bosporus occurred in ancient times. Subsequent work has been both to support and to discredit this theory, and archaeologists still debate it. This has led some to associate this catastrophe with prehistoric flood myths, the Maeotian marshes around the mouth of the Tanais River were famous in antiquity, as they served as an important check on the migration of nomadic people from the Eurasian steppelands. The Maeotians themselves lived by fishing and farming, but were avid warriors able to defend themselves against invaders

4.
Donetsk Oblast
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Donetsk Oblast is an oblast of eastern Ukraine. It is the most populated oblast, with around 4.5 million residents and its administrative center is Donetsk, however, its Regional State Administration was relocated to Mariupol, a temporary measure due to the ongoing crisis in Donetsk. Historically, the region is an important part of the Donbas region, until November 1961, it bore the name Stalino Oblast, as its capital Donetsk was named Stalino in honour of Joseph Stalin at that time. The oblast is known for its urban sprawl and is associated with mining industry. Subsequently, the War in Donbass started, after Donetsk was under control of the separatist government, the Donetsk Oblast administration was relocated to Mariupol, and later to Kramatorsk. Before the establishment of the first Donetsk Oblast, three districts existed on its territory from 1923 to 1930, the Donetsk Governorate was terminated in 1925. As part of Soviet Ukraine, Donetsk Oblast was established on 2 July 1932 out of Kharkiv Oblast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, artemivsk served as the oblasts administrative center for two weeks until 16 July 1932, when the city of Stalino took on the role. Until 1938, Donetsk Oblast included the territories of modern Donetsk Oblast, in June 1938 it was split into Stalino Oblast and Voroshylovhrad Oblast. During the Nazi German occupation from fall 1941 to fall 1943, as part of de-Stalinization in the Soviet Union, in 1961 Stalino along with Stalino Oblast were renamed into Donetsk and Donetsk Oblast, respectively. During the dissolution of the Soviet Union,83. 9% of voters in Donetsk Oblast approved Ukraines declaration of independence in the 1991 referendum. In the mid-1990s the region known for its heightened criminal activity, including the killings of high-profile business people such as Akhat Bragin. In late 2004, the Party of Regions was involved in the creation of a project, South-East Ukrainian Autonomous Republic. In 2014 Ukraine lost control over its border with Russia in Donetsk Oblast, currently, portions of the region are being controlled by the Novorossiya Armed Forces and claimed by the self-proclaimed Donetsk Peoples Republic. Donetsk Oblast is located in southeastern Ukraine, the area of the oblast, comprises about 4. 4% of the total area of the country. Its longitude from north to south is 270 km, from east to west –190 km, the state historic-architectural preserve near the city of Sviatohirsk with the Sviatohirsk Lavra was nominated for the Seven Wonders of Ukraine. The province is divided into 18 raions and 28 municipalities of equal status. These are listed below with their areas and populations, the provinces secondary division consists of various municipalities that are governed by their councils. Those municipalities may consist of one or more populated places, all are administratively subordinate to the raion in which they are located

5.
Zaporizhia Oblast
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Zaporizhzhia Oblast is an oblast of southern Ukraine. The oblast covers an area of 27,183 km2, and its population was 1,785 and this oblast is an important part of Ukraines industry and agriculture. The area of the province is 27,183 km², its population was 1,785,243 and this area was the burial place of royal Scythians where they buried their kings. The modern Zaporizhia Oblast was created as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic on 10 January 1939 out of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, during the 1991 referendum,90. 66% of votes in the oblast were in favor of the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine. The SBU thwarted an attempt to blow up a line in the Zaporizhzhia Oblast. The following sites were nominated for the Seven Wonders of Ukraine, according to the 2001 Ukrainian Census the population of the oblast was 1,929,171. Some 70. 8% considered themselves Ukrainians, while 24. 7% were Russians, the rest were of assorted nationalities including Bulgarians, Belarusians, and others. Just under half the population considered the Russian language to be their native tongue,22 classical schools,8 Lyceums, a Sichovy Collegium and 54 education-breeding complex bodies arent out of reach to gifted children. New style 38 complex kindergarten-schools work too, over 60,000 children develop their talents through out-of-school institutions. They attend 30 creative centres,6 science-technical stations and four young naturalists stations, five tourists clubs, extra-scholastic education system has such a unique body as the Small Academy of Science. Boys and girls there in six main disciplines, physics-mathematics, chemistry-biology, history-geography, philology, industrial. The Small Academy young members maintain close relations with scientists of big institutes and universities. 26 youngsters became winners of the All-Ukrainian Academy contest, so Zaporizhzhia regional team gained the 1st place,325 secondary schools, five classical schools, a Collegium and three complex-schools use the Ukrainian language. The Greek, Czech, Bulgarian languages are very popular in Yakimivsky, Berdyansky, Priazovsky, one may learn Hebrew, Yiddish, German, Polish, Tatar and other languages attending option courses anywhere. Specialists keep on looking for an adaptive school model,26 institutions develop the humanization process using new teaching technologies. The Khortitsky multi-profile teaching-rehabilitation centre has worked out methods for complete support of sanatorium-boarding-schools children, berdyansk is the town where a Regional boarding school for orphans works out active socialization programs. This system distribute well-trained workers to regional industry and business, the list of specialities includes over 100 names. Vocational schools give courses for improving qualification in cooperation with unemployment centres, more than 1500 jobless persons get new professions every year due it

6.
Kherson Oblast
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Kherson Oblast is an oblast in southern Ukraine, just north of Crimea. The area of the region is 28,461 km², its population is 1,083,367, the Dnieper River runs through the oblast which includes the Kakhovka Reservoir. The oblast includes the portion of the Arabat Spit, a thin strip of land between the brackish Syvash and the Sea of Azov that is geographically part of the Crimean Peninsula. Due to Russia gaining de facto control of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea in 2014 the southern areas of Kherson are the parts of the Crimean Peninsula under direct Ukrainian control. The Kherson Oblast is administratively subdivided into 18 raions and 3 municipalities which are subordinate to the oblast government - Kherson, Nova Kakhovka. The Kherson municipality is subdivided into 3 urban districts, all information below is current as of 2015. The local administration of the oblast is controlled by the Kherson Oblast Rada, the governor of the oblast is the Kherson Oblast Rada speaker, appointed by the President of Ukraine. The population of the oblast is 1,083,367 and it is also ranked 21st by its population. The population density is 38 per km², about 61. 5% or 745,400 people live in urban areas of the Oblast and 38. 5% or 467,600 people live in agricultural centers/villages. Men make up 46. 7% or 565,400 people of the population, women make up 53. 3% or 644,600 people, and pensioners make up 26. 2% or 317,400 people of the Oblast population

7.
Rostov Oblast
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Rostov Oblast is a federal subject of Russia, located in the Southern Federal District. The oblast has an area of 100,800 square kilometers and its administrative center is the city of Rostov-on-Don, which also became the administrative center of the Southern Federal District in 2002. Rostov Oblast borders Ukraine and also Volgograd and Voronezh Oblasts in the north, Krasnodar and Stavropol Krais in the south, and it is within the Russian Southern Federal District. The Don River, one of Europes largest rivers, flows through the oblast for part of its course, lakes cover only 0. 4% of the oblasts area. The most important ethnicities are the 3,795,607 ethnic Russians, the 77,802 ethnic Ukrainians, the 110,727 ethnic Armenians. Other important groups are the 35,902 Turks,16,493 Belarusians ),13,948 Tatars,17,961 Azeris,11,449 Chechens,16,657 Roma,11,597 Koreans, and 8,296 Georgians. There were also 76,498 people belonging to other ethno-cultural groupings,76,735 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group, according to a 2012 official survey 49. In addition, 26% of the population declares to be spiritual but not religious, 12% is atheist, major industries of Rostov Oblast are agriculture, agricultural industry, food processing, heavy industry, coal and automobile manufacture. Областной закон №19-ЗС от29 мая1996 г, Областного закона №442-ЗС от23 ноября2015 г. «О поправках к Уставу Ростовской области», Вступил в силу6 июня1996 г. Опубликован, Наше время, №98–99,6 июня1996 г, Областной Закон №30-ЗС от10 октября1996 г. Вступил в силу с момента опубликования, Опубликован, Наше время, №196,31 октября1996 г. Official website of Rostov Oblast Russian South

8.
Russia
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Russia, also officially the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. The European western part of the country is more populated and urbanised than the eastern. Russias capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a range of environments. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk, the East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, in 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus ultimately disintegrated into a number of states, most of the Rus lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion. The Soviet Union played a role in the Allied victory in World War II. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the worlds first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the second largest economy, largest standing military in the world. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic, the Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russias extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the producers of oil. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction, Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. The name Russia is derived from Rus, a state populated mostly by the East Slavs. However, this name became more prominent in the later history, and the country typically was called by its inhabitants Русская Земля. In order to distinguish this state from other states derived from it, it is denoted as Kievan Rus by modern historiography, an old Latin version of the name Rus was Ruthenia, mostly applied to the western and southern regions of Rus that were adjacent to Catholic Europe. The current name of the country, Россия, comes from the Byzantine Greek designation of the Kievan Rus, the standard way to refer to citizens of Russia is Russians in English and rossiyane in Russian. There are two Russian words which are translated into English as Russians

9.
Geography of Ukraine
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The geography of Ukraine varies greatly from one region of the country to another, with the majority of the country lying within the East European Plain. Ukraine is the second-largest country by area in Europe after the Russian Federation and its various regions have diverse geographic features ranging from the highlands to the lowlands as well as climatic range and a wide variety in hydrography. The total geographic area of Ukraine is 603,550 square kilometers, the land border of Ukraine totals 4,558 kilometers. Ukraine is also bordered by 3,783 kilometers of coastline, the border with Russia is the countrys longest border - it runs in part through the Sea of Azov. Most of its territory lies within the Great European Plain, while parts of western regions, in general Ukraine comprises two different biomes, mixed forest towards the middle of continent and steppe towards the Black Sea littoral. Major provinces include, Polesian Lowland, Dnieper Lowland, Volhynia-Podolie Plateau, Black Sea-Azov Lowland, Donets-Azov Plateau, Central Russian Upland, Carpathians, the western regions feature alpine-like section of Carpathian Mountains, the Eastern Carpathians that stretches across Poland, Ukraine and Romania. The highest peak is Hoverla, which is 2,061 metres tall, Mountains are limited to the west, the southern tip of Ukraine on the Sea of Azov. The western region has the Carpathian Mountains, and some eroded mountains from the Donets Ridge are in the east near the Sea of Azov, the highest elevation in Ukraine is located at the peak of Mount Hoverla which is 2,061 meters above sea level. Most of Ukraines area is taken up by the region just north of the Black Sea. Most of Ukraine consists of plains and plateaus. In terms of use, 58% of Ukraine is considered arable land, 2% is used for permanent crops, 13% for permanent pastures, 18% is forests and woodland. Most of Ukraine consists of plains with the average height above sea level being 175 metres. It is surrounded by mountains to its west and extreme south, wide spaces of the countrys plains are located in the south-western part of the East European Plain. The plains have numerous highlands and lowlands caused by the uneven crystallized base of the East European craton, the highlands are characterized by Precambrian basement rocks from the Ukrainian Shield. More than 95% of the rivers are part of two seas drainage basins. A few rivers are part of the Baltic Sea basin, there are seven major rivers in Ukraine, Desna, Dnipro, Dnister, Danube, Prypiat, Siverian Donets, and Southern Buh. Ukraine has a temperate climate, with the exception of the southern coast of Crimea which has a subtropical climate. The climate is influenced by warm, humid air coming from the Atlantic Ocean