The basic function of a foundation is to transmit the dead loads, live loads and other loads to the subsoil on which it rests in such a way that (a) settlements are within permissible limits, without causing cracks in the super-structure and (b) soil does not fail in shear. Since remains below the ground level, the signs of failure of foundations are not noticeable tillit has already afifected the building. It shouid therefore be designed very carefully. Various types of foundations and their design principies have been discussed in other parts.