Coryell coached 12 seasons with the San Diego State UniversityAztecs, using the philosophy of recruiting only junior college players. There, he compiled a record of 104 wins, 19 losses and 2 ties including three undefeated seasons in 1966, 1968 and 1969, his teams enjoyed winning streaks of 31 and 25 games, and won three bowl games during his tenure.[8] Coryell helped lead SDSU from an NCAA Division II to an NCAA Division I program in 1969.[8]

It was at SDSU that Coryell began to emphasize a passing offense. Coryell recounted, "We could only recruit a limited number of runners and linemen against schools like USC and UCLA. And there were a lot of kids in Southern California passing and catching the ball. There seemed to be a deeper supply of quarterbacks and receivers. And the passing game was also open to some new ideas.[5]" Coryell adds, "Finally we decided it's crazy that we can win games by throwing the ball without the best personnel. So we threw the hell out of the ball and won some games. When we started doing that, we were like 55–5–1.[9]"

John Madden served as Coryell's defensive assistant at SDSU. Madden had first met Coryell attending a coaching clinic on the I formation led by McKay.[9] "We'd go to these clinics, and afterward, everyone would run up to talk to McKay", said Madden. "Coryell was there because he introduced (McKay). I was thinking, 'If (McKay) learned from him, I'll go talk to (Coryell).' [9]"

The Cardinals under Coryell had three consecutive seasons (1974–1976) with double-digit victories and won two consecutive division titles (1974–1975), those were the only division titles the Cardinals ever won while in St. Louis. Prior to 1974, the Cardinals had not been in the playoffs in 26 years since 1948 when they were the Chicago Cardinals; in 1975, the "Cardiac Cardinals" won seven times in the game's last minute.[11] Multi-purpose back Terry Metcalf set an NFL all-purpose yards record at the time in 1975. When St. Louis did not re-sign Metcalf and he left for the Canadian Football League after 1977, Coryell departed also.[11]

Coryell was hired as the San Diego Chargers' head coach on September 25, 1978, the same day as the infamous PSA Flight 182 crash in San Diego.[12] When Don Coryell began coaching the team, the Chargers had a win-loss record of 1–4 for that season, the team broke their losing streak with eight additional wins and three losses that season after Coryell became head coach.[13] The Chargers 9–7 record was their first winning season since 1969.[14]

He won three straight division titles (1979, 1980, 1981) with the Chargers, reaching the playoffs four consecutive times. Previously, the Chargers had not been to the playoffs since 1965, with Dan Fouts as quarterback, San Diego's "Air Coryell" was among the greatest passing offenses in NFL history. The Chargers led the league in passing yards an NFL record 6 consecutive years from 1978 to 1983 [15] and again in 1985, they also led the league in total yards in offense 1980–1983 and 1985. The Pro Football Hall of Fame called Coryell's offenses "one of the most explosive and exciting offenses that ever set foot on an NFL field."[16] Fouts, wide receiver Charlie Joiner, and tight end Kellen Winslow would all be inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame from those Charger teams.

The Chargers in 1979 were the first AFC Western Division champion to run more passing plays (541) than rushing (481),[17] that season, Fouts was only the 2nd player to pass for 4,000 yards in a season—throwing an NFL record 4,082—before extending his own record for total passing yards in a season in 1980 and again in 1981. In a nine-game strike-shortened 1982 season, Fouts averaged 320 yards passing per game, an NFL record that stood until Drew Brees averaged 342 in 2011,[18][19] with Winslow, Coryell redefined the tight end position into a deep, pass-catching threat too fast for a linebacker and too big for a defensive back. Coryell was astute to realize that "If we're asking Kellen to block a defensive end and not catch passes, I'm not a very good coach." [20]

In San Diego, Coryell groomed another set of all-purpose backs in James Brooks and later Lionel James, a mere 5′6″ and 171 pound running back, who broke Metcalf's record in 1985 while also setting a record of 1,027 receiving yards by a running back.[21] A rookie in 1978, John Jefferson went on to become the first receiver in league history to gain 1,000 yards in each of his first three seasons while also grabbing 36 touchdowns. Traded away from the Chargers by ownership because of a contract dispute,[22] Jefferson never reached 1,000 yards again in his career. Wes Chandler was acquired to replace Jefferson. In the 1982 strike year, Chandler, set the record of 129 yards receiving per game that is still an NFL record.[23]

Detractors of Coryell point to the Chargers' defensive shortcomings given that his defenses were in the bottom ten league-wide from 1981 to 1986.[24] However, in 1979, the Chargers allowed the fewest points (246) in the AFC; in 1980 their defense led the NFL with 60 sacks spearheaded by a frontline of All-Pros in Fred Dean, Gary "Big Hands" Johnson, and Louie Kelcher. The group was locally nicknamed the "Bruise Brothers".[25][26] However, in 1981, Dean, like Jefferson, was traded away due to a contract dispute with ownership.[27] Dean contends he was making the same amount of money as his brother-in-law who was a truck driver,[28] the Chargers' defense would never be the same afterwards as it surrendered the most passing yards in the NFL in both 1981[29] and 1982.[30] Meanwhile, Dean would go on in the same year to win UPI NFC Defensive Player of the Year (while playing in only 11 games) and help lead the San Francisco 49ers to a Super Bowl that year and again in 1984. Dean was inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2008.

"I can't say how much it affected us, because we did make it to the AFC championship game", said Johnson of the loss of Dean. "But I could say if we had more pass rush from the corner, it might've been different."[31]U-T San Diego in 2013 called the trade "perhaps the biggest blunder in [Chargers'] franchise history."[32]

Tom Bass, who was a defensive coordinator for Coryell with both SDSU and the Chargers, said Coryell focused on offense during practice. He left the coaching of defensive players and the defensive game plan to Bass."In planning and designing defense, he simply had no interest", said Bass.[33]

Coryell led the Cardinals and Chargers to five division titles, and the Chargers led the league in passing in seven of eight years.[34] However, his failure to lead his teams to a Super Bowl has presumably kept him out of the Pro Football Hall of Fame.[35] Voters have cited his 3–6 postseason record as further evidence,[36] his teams' defenses were not as strong as its offenses, which could be attributed to the offensive unit scoring quickly and not providing the defensive side sufficient rest.[37]Tony Dungy, a Super Bowl head coach, says that "If you talk about impact on the game, training other coaches -- John Madden, Bill Walsh, Joe Gibbs to name a few -- and influencing how things are done, Don Coryell is probably right up there with Paul Brown. He was a genius."[35]Sports Illustrated writer Jim Trotter, who votes on the Pro Football Hall of Fame Board of Selectors, said selectors are hesitant to vote for coaches when there is a backlog of deserving players.[38]

Coryell's direct development of future coaches included Super Bowl head coaches Madden and Gibbs, Super Bowl offensive coordinators Ernie Zampese and Al Saunders, as well as Jim Hanifan and Rod Dowhower. Adding to the Coryell coaching tree, Super Bowl offensive coordinator Norv Turner tutored under Zampese, and another Super Bowl offensive coordinator Mike Martz studied under both Zampese and later Turner.[39]Dan Henning coached under Gibbs.

Fouts says, "He influenced offensive and defensive football because if you are going to have three or four receivers out there, you better have an answer for it on the other side of the ball. If it wasn't for Don, I wouldn't be in the Hall of Fame."[40] "Whoever heard of the nickel or dime pass defense before 'Air Coryell' forced opponents to come up with strategies to combat Coryell's aerial assault?" wrote Fouts to Hall of Fame voters in support of Coryell's induction.[41]

In Madden's Hall of Fame induction speech, he mentioned his time at San Diego State "with a great coach that someday will be in here, Don Coryell, he had a real influence on my coaching. Joe Gibbs was on that staff, too."[42]

Gibbs also lobbied for Coryell's induction into the Hall of Fame, stating "(Coryell) was extremely creative and fostered things that are still in today's game because he was so creative. I think he's affected a lot of coaches, and I'd like to see him get in."[43]

Mike Martz, who won a Super Bowl as the offensive coordinator of the "Greatest Show on Turf" with the St. Louis Rams and advanced to another Super Bowl as the Rams' head coach: "Don is the father of the modern passing game. People talk about the 'West Coast' offense, but Don started the 'West Coast' decades ago and kept updating it. You look around the NFL now, and so many teams are running a version of the Coryell offense. Coaches have added their own touches, but it's still Coryell's offense, he has disciples all over the league. He changed the game", adds Martz.[40] "I'm not sure why that hasn't been acknowledged by the Hall of Fame."[4]

Winslow points out that Coryell had an indirect hand in the 49ers', Washington Redskins' and St. Louis Rams' Super Bowl teams. "They call it the West Coast offense because San Francisco won Super Bowls with it, but it was a variation of what we did in San Diego. Joe Gibbs' itty-bitty receivers on the outside and two tight ends in the middle, (that's) a variation of Coryell's offense in San Diego. It's just a personnel change, but it's the same thing. When the Rams won their Super Bowl, it was the same offense, same terminology, for Don Coryell to not be in the Hall of Fame is a lack of knowledge of the voters. That's the nicest way that I can put that. A lack of understanding of the legacy of the game."[44]

"In the offense we won the Super Bowl with in 1999, the foundation was Don Coryell", former Rams coach Dick Vermeil said. "The route philosophies, the vertical passing game ... everything stemmed from the founder, Don Coryell. The genius."[45]

In 2010, Coryell for the first time was among the 15 finalists considered by the Hall of Fame selection committee on the Saturday before the Super Bowl, he was not selected.[46] After Coryell's passing later that year, Chargers President Dean Spanos said "He revolutionized the game of football, not only in San Diego, but throughout the entire NFL. Don Coryell was a legend not only with the Chargers but throughout San Diego. Though unfortunately he did not live long enough to see it, hopefully one day his bust will find its proper place in Pro Football's Hall of Fame."[5] Delivering a eulogy at Coryell's funeral, Madden noted, "You know, I'm sitting down there in front, and next to me is Joe Gibbs, and next to him is Dan Fouts, and the three of us are in the Hall of Fame because of Don Coryell." Choking up and then pausing, he continued, "There's something missing."[47] Coryell was a finalist again in 2015.[48]

Coryell was adored by his players. "The most important thing to me about Don Coryell is him as a person. He actually cared about us as players. A lot of coaches don't even know who you are", said Fouts.[49] Coryell did not want to intimidate his players and instead treated his players with respect, allowing them to showcase their strengths. "I don't think a coach has to be a son of a bitch to be successful. I think you can treat men like men", he said.[50]

^"No. 16: Chargers' best draft class". ESPN. March 28, 2009. Retrieved May 27, 2011. The 2001 class was good, but the 1975 class ranks the best. San Diego had four of the first 33 picks in the draft, and the Chargers selected three defensive linemen that would form the nucleus of "The Bruise Brothers" and once formed three-fourths of the AFC Pro Bowl defensive line.(subscription required)

1.
American football
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The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, or else they turn over the football to the opposing team, if they succeed, they are given a new set of four downs. Points are primarily scored by advancing the ball into the teams end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponents goalposts for a field goal. The team with the most points at the end of a game wins, American football evolved in the United States, originating from the sports of association football and rugby football. The first game of American football was played on November 6,1869, during the latter half of the 1870s, colleges playing association football switched to the Rugby Union code, which allowed carrying the ball. American football as a whole is the most popular sport in the United States, Professional football and college football are the most popular forms of the game, with the other major levels being high school and youth football. As of 2012, nearly 1.1 million high school athletes and 70,000 college athletes play the sport in the United States annually, almost all of them men, in the United States, American football is referred to as football. The term football was established in the rulebook for the 1876 college football season. The terms gridiron or American football are favored in English-speaking countries where other codes of football are popular, such as the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, American football evolved from the sports of association football and rugby football. What is considered to be the first American football game was played on November 6,1869 between Rutgers and Princeton, two college teams, the game was played between two teams of 25 players each and used a round ball that could not be picked up or carried. It could, however, be kicked or batted with the feet, hands, head or sides, Rutgers won the game 6 goals to 4. Collegiate play continued for years in which matches were played using the rules of the host school. Representatives of Yale, Columbia, Princeton and Rutgers met on October 19,1873 to create a set of rules for all schools to adhere to. Teams were set at 20 players each, and fields of 400 by 250 feet were specified, Harvard abstained from the conference, as they favored a rugby-style game that allowed running with the ball. An 1875 Harvard-Yale game played under rugby-style rules was observed by two impressed Princeton athletes and these players introduced the sport to Princeton, a feat the Professional Football Researchers Association compared to selling refrigerators to Eskimos. Princeton, Harvard, Yale and Columbia then agreed to play using a form of rugby union rules with a modified scoring system. These schools formed the Intercollegiate Football Association, although Yale did not join until 1879, the introduction of the snap resulted in unexpected consequences. Prior to the snap, the strategy had been to punt if a scrum resulted in bad field position, however, a group of Princeton players realized that, as the snap was uncontested, they now could hold the ball indefinitely to prevent their opponent from scoring. In 1881, both teams in a game between Yale-Princeton used this strategy to maintain their undefeated records, each team held the ball, gaining no ground, for an entire half, resulting in a 0-0 tie

2.
Seattle
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Seattle is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States and the seat of King County, Washington. With an estimated 684,451 residents as of 2015, Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America. In July 2013, it was the major city in the United States. The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound and Lake Washington, about 100 miles south of the Canada–United States border, a major gateway for trade with Asia, Seattle is the fourth-largest port in North America in terms of container handling as of 2015. The Seattle area was inhabited by Native Americans for at least 4,000 years before the first permanent European settlers. Arthur A. Denny and his group of travelers, subsequently known as the Denny Party, arrived from Illinois via Portland, the settlement was moved to the eastern shore of Elliott Bay and named Seattle in 1852, after Chief Siahl of the local Duwamish and Suquamish tribes. Logging was Seattles first major industry, but by the late-19th century, growth after World War II was partially due to the local Boeing company, which established Seattle as a center for aircraft manufacturing. The Seattle area developed as a technology center beginning in the 1980s, in 1994, Internet retailer Amazon was founded in Seattle. The stream of new software, biotechnology, and Internet companies led to an economic revival, Seattle has a noteworthy musical history. From 1918 to 1951, nearly two dozen jazz nightclubs existed along Jackson Street, from the current Chinatown/International District, to the Central District, the jazz scene developed the early careers of Ray Charles, Quincy Jones, Ernestine Anderson, and others. Seattle is also the birthplace of rock musician Jimi Hendrix and the alternative rock subgenre grunge, archaeological excavations suggest that Native Americans have inhabited the Seattle area for at least 4,000 years. By the time the first European settlers arrived, the people occupied at least seventeen villages in the areas around Elliott Bay, the first European to visit the Seattle area was George Vancouver, in May 1792 during his 1791–95 expedition to chart the Pacific Northwest. In 1851, a party led by Luther Collins made a location on land at the mouth of the Duwamish River. Thirteen days later, members of the Collins Party on the way to their claim passed three scouts of the Denny Party, members of the Denny Party claimed land on Alki Point on September 28,1851. The rest of the Denny Party set sail from Portland, Oregon, after a difficult winter, most of the Denny Party relocated across Elliott Bay and claimed land a second time at the site of present-day Pioneer Square, naming this new settlement Duwamps. For the next few years, New York Alki and Duwamps competed for dominance, david Swinson Doc Maynard, one of the founders of Duwamps, was the primary advocate to name the settlement after Chief Sealth of the Duwamish and Suquamish tribes. The name Seattle appears on official Washington Territory papers dated May 23,1853, in 1855, nominal land settlements were established. On January 14,1865, the Legislature of Territorial Washington incorporated the Town of Seattle with a board of managing the city

3.
La Mesa, California
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La Mesa is a city in Southern California, located 9 miles east of Downtown San Diego in San Diego County. The population was 57,065 at the 2010 census, up from 54,749 at the 2000 census and its civic motto is the Jewel of the Hills. La Mesa in Spanish means the table, or alternately the plateau, La Mesa was part of a larger tract, Mission San Diego de Alcalá, and was used by Spanish Missionaries. La Mesa was founded in 1869 and The City of La Mesa was incorporated on February 16,1912, as such, it does not have a city charter but operates under the laws of the state of California in all respects not specifically covered by any city ordinance. Its official flower is the bougainvillea, La Mesa is located at 32°46′17″N 117°1′22″W. It is bordered by the city of San Diego on the west and north, Spring Valley and Lemon Grove on the south and it includes the neighborhood of Grossmont. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 9.1 square miles. 9.1 square miles of it is land and 0.04 square miles of it is water, La Mesa is approximately 12 mi ) east of the Pacific Ocean. Because of this, La Mesa typically experiences more extreme temperatures than San Diego, La Mesa has a Semi-arid Steppe climate. La Mesa typically has hot, dry summers and warm winters with most of the precipitation falling between November and March. The city has dry weather with around 13 of annual precipitation, summer temperatures are generally hot, with average highs of 78 °F-92 °F and lows of 56 °F–68 °F. Winter temperatures are warm, with high temperatures of 66 °F–77 °F. The climate in the San Diego area, like much of California, in San Diegos case, this is mainly due to the citys topography. This happens every year in May and June, even in the absence of June gloom, inland areas tend to experience higher temperatures than areas closer to the coast. The 2010 United States Census reported that La Mesa had a population of 57,065, the population density was 6,259.6 people per square mile. The Census reported that 56,408 people lived in households,124 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 1,731 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 243 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 8,004 households were made up of individuals and 2,924 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.30. There were 13,767 families, the family size was 2.94

4.
University of Washington
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The University of Washington, commonly referred to as simply Washington, UW, or informally U-Dub, is a public flagship research university in Seattle, Washington, United States. Founded in 1861, Washington is one of the oldest universities on the West Coast, the university has three campuses, the oldest and largest in the University District of Seattle and two others in Tacoma and Bothell. Washington is a member of the Association of American Universities and is ranked among the top 15 universities in the world by a variety of international publications. In athletics, the university competes in the NCAA Division I Pac-12 Conference and its athletic teams are called the Huskies. Seattle was one of several settlements in the mid to late 19th century vying for primacy in the new Washington Territory, in 1854, territorial governor Isaac Stevens recommended the establishment of a university in Washington. Several prominent Seattle-area residents, chief among them Methodist preacher Daniel Bagley and they convinced early founder of Seattle and member of the territorial legislature Arthur A. Denny of the importance of Seattle winning the school. When no site emerged, the legislature, encouraged by Denny, in 1861, scouting began for an appropriate 10 acres site in Seattle to serve as the campus for a new university. Arthur and Mary Denny donated eight acres, and fellow pioneers Edward Lander and Charlie and this tract was bounded by 4th and 6th Avenues on the west and east and Union and Seneca Streets on the north and south. UW opened on November 4,1861, as the Territorial University of Washington, the following year, the legislature passed articles incorporating the University and establishing a Board of Regents. The school struggled initially, closing three times, in 1863 for lack of students, and again in 1867 and 1876 due to shortage of funds. However, Clara Antoinette McCarty Wilt became the first graduate of UW in 1876 when she graduated from UW with a degree in science. By the time Washington entered the Union in 1889, both Seattle and the University had grown substantially, enrollment increased from 30 students to nearly 300, and the relative isolation of the campus had given way to encroaching development. A special legislative committee headed by UW graduate Edmond Meany was created to find a new campus able to serve the growing student population. The committee selected a site on Union Bay northeast of downtown, the university relocated from downtown to the new campus in 1895, moving into the newly built Denny Hall. The regents tried and failed to sell the old campus, the University still owns what is now called the Metropolitan Tract. In the heart of the city, it is among the most valuable pieces of estate in Seattle. The original Territorial University building was torn down in 1908 and its former site houses the Fairmont Olympic Hotel. The sole surviving remnants of UWs first building are four 24-foot, white, hand-fluted cedar and they were salvaged by Edmond S. Meany—one of the Universitys first graduates and the former head of the history department

5.
Washington Huskies football
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The Washington Huskies football team represents the University of Washington in college football. Washington competes in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision as a member of the North Division of the Pac-12 Conference, the team is currently led by head coach Chris Petersen. Husky Stadium, located on campus, has served as the field for Washington since 1920. Washington has won sixteen Pac-12 championships, seven Rose Bowls, Washingtons all-time record ranks 21st by win percentage and 19th by total victories among FBS schools. The school holds the Division I FBS record for the longest unbeaten streak at 64 consecutive games, there have been a total of twelve unbeaten seasons in school history, including seven perfect seasons. Washington is one of four members of what became the Pac-12 Conference and. From 1977 through 2003, Washington had 27 consecutive non-losing seasons—the most of any team in the Pac-12, through the 2011 season, its 357 conference victories rank second in conference history. Washington is often referred to as one of the top Quarterback Us due to the history of quarterbacks playing in the National Football League. All but three of the last 20 starting quarterbacks dating back to 1970 have gone on to the NFL, Washington played its first 26 seasons of college football from 1889 to 1915 as an independent. The Pac-12 claims the history of each of these preceding conferences as its own, Washington and Cal are the only founding and continuous members in each of these successive conferences. *Member of College Football Hall of Fame Ten different men served as Washington head coaches during the first 18 seasons, while still an independent, the team progressed from playing 1 to 2 games per season to 10 matches per season as the sport grew in popularity. The school initially used a variety of locations for its home field, home attendance grew from a few hundred to a few thousand per home game, with on-campus Denny Field becoming home from 1895 onward. The 1900 team played in-state rival Washington State College to a 5–5 tie, gil Dobie left North Dakota Agricultural and became Washingtons head coach in 1908. Dobie coached for nine seasons at Washington, posting a 58–0–3 record. Dobies career comprised virtually all of Washingtons NCAA all-time longest 64-game unbeaten streak and included a 40-game winning streak, in 1916, Washington and three other schools formed the Pacific Coast Conference, predecessor to the modern Pac-12 Conference. In Dobies final season at Washington, his 1916 team won the PCCs inaugural conference championship, Dobie was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1951 as a charter member. Following Dobies tenure, Washington turned to a succession of coaches with mixed results, claude J. Hunt went a cumulative 6–3–1 highlighted by the schools second PCC championship in 1919, Tony Savage 1–1, and Stub Allison 1–5. This era concluded with the move from Denny Field to its permanent home field of Husky Stadium in 1920

6.
Farrington High School
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Governor Wallace Rider Farrington High School is a public grades 9-12 high school located in the Kalihi district of Honolulu on the island of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi. The school is named after the late Wallace Rider Farrington, the governor of the Territory of Hawaiʻi. Farrington is a high school that serves an ethnically diverse community of mostly lower socio-economic families. In the 2007-2008 school year,55.6 percent of the qualified for free or reduced-price school lunches. FHS is the home of the Governors and is part of the Hawaii State Department of Education, in the 2007-2008 school year,2,579 students attended Farrington, most of them of Filipino descent. Farrington provides career pathways for its students through several integrated vocational programs, in addition, Farrington offers students opportunities to participate and excel in both visual and performing arts. During World War II, the U. S. Army used the school as a hospital, Farrington High School was designed by noted Hawaiʻi architect Charles William Dickey. The 26 acre campus, which is located at 1564 North King Street, Honolulu, is bounded on the north by Interstate H-1, on the west by Kalihi Street, the surrounding neighborhood consists of a mix of residential, commercial, and industrial properties. The campus boasts the sculpture The Seed by renowned Hawaiian artist Satoru Abe, holder of 4 Super Bowl rings. Source, Farrington High School Farrington High School Hawaii State Department of Education Hawaii High School Athletic Association, Farrington High School HHSAA Championship Records. Retrieved May 14,2007, from HHSAA Web site, http, School Status and Improvement Report, Governor Wallace Rider Farrington High School. Retrieved December 6,2005, from http, //starbulletin. com/2005/03/06/news/story9. html Hiller and that old school tie is a bootstrap, governor. Retrieved June 4,2004, from http, //the. honoluluadvertiser. com/article/2001/Dec/13/ln/ln28a. html U. S. Department of Education, common Core of Data 2004-2005 School Year, Farrington High School. Retrieved on December 13,2006, from http, //nces. ed. gov/ccd/schoolsearch/school_detail. asp. Search=1&SchoolID=150003000221&ID=150003000221

7.
UBC Thunderbirds
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The UBC Thunderbirds are the athletic teams that represent the University of British Columbia in the University Endowment Lands just outside the city limits of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. In Canadian intercollegiate competition, the Thunderbirds are the most successful athletic program both regionally in the Canada West Universities Athletic Association, and nationally in U Sports. On a national level, the team has won the Vanier Cup championship four times, in 1982,1986,1997 and, most recently, the team has also lost twice in the title game, in 1978 and 1987. The Thunderbirds program has yielded three Hec Crighton Trophywinners, Jordan Gagner in 1987, Mark Nohra in 1997, and. Hiscott recognized student Terry McKaig, a collegiate player and national team member. Since 1997, McKaig has been the force behind the T-Birds with support. The Thunderbirds compete in the United States as the only Canadian member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics. In 2001, the reached a new level as the New York Mets made Derran Watts the first ever Thunderbird to be drafted. Since then nine more Thunderbirds have been drafted including 2007 World Series starter Jeff Francis, t-bird baseball successes include their trip to the 2006 NAIA World Series. In 1974, the members of the Thunderbirds hockey team travelled to China to help share hockey skills to Chinese players, mens rugby is one of the oldest varsity sports at UBC. The varsity XV now competes against the University of Victoria in a two-game and they also play a two-game, combined score series against the University of California for the World Cup trophy. The varsity XV is coached by Spence McTavish, and assistant coach Rod Holloway, besides being a finalist in 1997, the team became the first Canadian University program to win the USA Ultimate College National Championship in 2008 held in Boulder, Colorado. Previously coached by Richard Schick since the 2003-2004 season, Kerry MacDonald took over the helm of the volleyball program following the end of the 2015-2016 campaign. S. A pep song with the same name Hail UBC, written by Steve Chatman, was adopted in 2011, the lyrics go, Hail to the Thunderbirds. Hail UBC. Thunder and lightning — Onward to victory. Hail to the Blue-and-Gold, Hail UBC. U, B, C forever — Onward to victory. In 2005, they applied to members of the principal U. S. college sports governing body. They are not the first Canadian school to try to join the NCAA, in 2000, local rival Simon Fraser, then exclusively an NAIA member, at the time, the NCAAs constitution prohibited non-U. S. UBC, on the hand, was reportedly interested in joining Division I

8.
Wenatchee Valley College
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Wenatchee Valley College, or WVC, is a two-year community college located in Wenatchee, Washington, United States. The college provides students with adult education classes, certifications, WVCs primary service district is one of the largest in the state, serving an area larger than Massachusetts, at more than 10,000 square miles. The school consists of two campuses, a campus in central Wenatchee, and an Omak campus. Because of the proximity to area high schools, WVC maintains a sizable Running Start student population. Wenatchee Valley College originally opened as a college in 1939. In 1941, Wenatchee Valley College was adopted into the public education system. Originally, classes were held on the floor of the original Wenatchee High School situated at King. In 1949, the moved to the home of A. Z. Wells on 5 acres of land along Fifth Street, the home was hand-built, consisting of stones from the Columbia River, and was modeled with castle style turrets. Wells House held all classrooms and offices, until buildings could be constructed allowing the Wells House to become a dormitory. WVC was able to land from neighboring land owners, expanding the campus to its current 56 acres. Wells House still stands on the WVC Main Campus, although the building is owned by the Wells House Committee, community College District #15 was formed in 1967, expanding WVCs service area to include Chelan, Douglas, and Okanogan counties. A satellite campus was set up in Omak in a hospital building. A large section of the WVC Main Campus in Wenatchee has undergone expansion, the college added parking to accommodate additional students. A new Central Washington University extension building was constructed west of Batjer Hall, anderson Hall was demolished to make way for the new 82, 000-square-foot Wenatchi Hall, which opened in September 2007. Wenatchi Hall provides expanded room for Allied Health and Safety programs, science, math, the Wenatchee Valley Foundation raised funds to help finance the construction of the Music and Art Center, which opened near the Wells House in the fall of 2012. In the spring of 2015, students voted to assess themselves a fee to build a new rec center which is expected to be completed near the end of 2016, Wenatchee Valley College is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities. The Nursing Program and other Clinical programs are accredited through either the National League for Nursing or the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Sciences, the Omak campus consists of five buildings all located near downtown Omak

9.
Fort Ord
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Fort Ord is a former United States Army post on Monterey Bay of the Pacific Ocean coast in California, which closed in 1994. Most of the land now makes up the Fort Ord National Monument. Before construction and official designation as a fort in 1940, the land was used as a maneuver area, Fort Ord was considered one of the most attractive locations of any U. S. Army post, because of its proximity to the beach and California weather. The 7th Infantry Division was its main garrison for many years, when Fort Ord was converted to civilian use, space was set aside for the first nature reserve in the United States created for conservation of an insect, the endangered Smiths blue butterfly. Additional endangered species are found on Fort Ord including Contra Costa goldfields, while much of the old military buildings and infrastructure remain abandoned, many structures have been torn down for anticipated development. On April 20,2012, President Barack Obama signed a proclamation designating a 14, the area was known as the Gigling Reservation, U. S. Field Artillery Area, Presidio of Monterey and Gigling Field Artillery Range. Although military development and construction was just beginning, the War only lasted for another year, despite a great demobilization of the U. S. Armed Forces during the years of the 1920s and 1930s, by 1933. Primarily, horse cavalry units trained on the camp until the military began to mechanize and train mobile combat units such as tanks, armored personnel carrier and movable artillery. By 1940, the 23-year-old Camp Ord was expanded to 2,000 acres, in August 1940, it was re-designated Fort Ord and the 7th Infantry Division was reactivated, becoming the first major unit to occupy the post. In 1941, Camp Ord became Fort Ord, in 1947, Fort Ord became the home of the 4th Replacement Training Center. During the 1950s and 1960s, Fort Ord was an area for units departing for war in the Korean War and later peace-time/occupation/ duty in Japan, South Korea. Then, when Southeast Asia became a war zone with Vietnam, the 194th Armored Brigade was activated there under Combat Development Command in 1957, but departed for Fort Knox in Kentucky in 1960. In 1988, the Base Realignment and Closure legislation considering the post-Cold War era was passed by the Congress, on July 14,1989, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency proposed placement of Fort Ord on the National Priorities List. NPL status was finalized on February 21,1990, the final basic training classes were held in 1990. In 1991, the decision to close Fort Ord was made, in 1994, Fort Ord was officially closed. The Fort was the largest U. S. military base to be closed at the time, the BRAC Commission of 1991 recommended closing the post and moving the units stationed at Fort Ord to Fort Lewis, Washington. On May 2,1992, Army elements from Fort Ord along with Marines from Camp Pendleton participated in quelling the 1992 Los Angeles Riots, in 1994, Fort Ord was finally closed

10.
Whittier College
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Whittier College is a private liberal arts college in Whittier, California, United States. As of fall 2015, the college has approximately 1,725 enrolled students, Whittier College is a private liberal arts college. About one-third of Whittiers student body is Latino, and approximately twenty-five percent of the professors are minorities or are foreign countries. A majority of the student body hails from California, Hawaii, and the Pacific Northwest, but the college draws students from the East Coast. As of 2012, there are students from 28 states and 14 countries, Whittier offers over 30 majors and 30 minors offered in 23 disciplines, and claims emphasis on interdisciplinary learning. Professional internships and service projects are required or recommended as part of academic programs. Study abroad is offered in semester- or year-long affiliated programs, Whittier College hosts a Faculty Masters Program, which it says is modeled after similar programs at Oxford and Cambridge Universities. Recent guest participants in this program include world-class authors Maxine Hong Kingston and Ray Bradbury, Whittier College has approximately 90 registered, student-run organizations. The College also has Societies similar to fraternities and sororities, each of these societies began as literary societies. The liberal arts university was founded in 1887 by members of the Religious Society of Friends, thanks to the generosity and it was named after Friends poet John Greenleaf Whittier. Student athletes at Whittier College are still known as the Poets in his honor, Whittier College grew from the academy and was chartered by the State of California in 1901 with a student body of 25. Both the town and the College were named in honor of John Greenleaf Whittier, prominent Quaker, poet, in its more than 100 year history, Whittier College has embraced and upheld these values as the foundation for its academic and social community. As the war ended and veterans returned home, Whittier Colleges enrollment lists once again swelled and this began a prosperous time for the College, and a construction boom soon followed. Most of the buildings on campus have been built since the late 1940s—three in the 1940s and 1950s, seven in the 1960s. An event reminiscent of the famous alumnus Richard Nixon occurred at Whittier in 2002 when a bugging device was found in the office of the college newspaper. Students and faculty continue a tradition of community service, echoing the Quaker conviction that helping others is a moral obligation. International study opportunities enrich every field and major, reflecting the Quaker idea that transcends the boundaries of race, culture. The Whittier College Poets compete in the Southern California Intercollegiate Athletic Conference of NCAA Division III, the school has fielded sports teams for over 100 years

11.
USC Trojans football
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The USC Trojans football program, established in 1888, represents the University of Southern California in college football. USC is a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I FBS, the Trojans throughout NCAA history have claimed 11 national championships. USC has the most Pro Football Hall of Famers, USC has the highest all-time post-season winning percentage of schools with 25 or more bowl appearances. The team is coached by Clay Helton, USC first fielded a football team in 1888. Playing its first game on November 14 of that year against the Alliance Athletic Club, USC faced its first collegiate opponent the following year in fall 1889, playing St. Vincents College to a 40–0 victory. In 1893, USC joined the Intercollegiate Football Association of Southern California, which was composed of USC, Occidental College, Throop Polytechnic Institute, Pomona College was invited to enter, but declined to do so. An invitation was extended to Los Angeles High School. Before they were named Trojans in 1912, USC athletic teams were called the Methodists, during the early years, limitations in travel and the scarcity of major football-playing colleges on the West Coast limited its rivalries to local Southern Californian colleges and universities. During this period USC played regular series against Occidental, Caltech, Whittier, Pomona, the first USC team to play outside of Southern California went to Stanford University on November 4,1905, where they were trampled 16–0 by the traditional West Coast powerhouse. While the teams would not meet again until 1918, this was also USCs first game against a future Pac-12 conference opponent, during this period USC also played its first games against other future Pac-12 rivals, including Oregon State, California, Oregon and Arizona. Between 1911–1913, USC followed the example of California and Stanford, the results were disastrous, as USC was soundly defeated by more experienced programs while the school itself experienced financial reverses, it was during this period that Owen R. After several decades of competition, USC first achieved prominence under head coach Gloomy Gus Henderson in the early 1920s. Another milestone came under Henderson in 1922, when USC joined the Pacific Coast Conference, success continued under coach Howard Jones from 1925 to 1940, when the Trojans were just one of a few nationally dominant teams. It was during this era that the achieved renown as the Thundering Herd. USC achieved intermittent success in the years following Jones tenure, jeff Cravath, who coached from 1942–1950, won the Rose Bowl in 1943 and 1945. Jess Hill, who coached from 1951 to 1956, won the Rose Bowl in 1953, from 1957 to 1959, the Trojans were coached by Don Clark. The Pacific Coast Conference dissolved in 1959, USC joined the conferences other three California schools and Washington to form a new conference, the Athletic Association of Western Universities, under a new charter. The program entered a new golden age upon the arrival of head coach John McKay, during this period the Trojans produced two Heisman Trophy winners and won four national championships

12.
San Diego State Aztecs football
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The San Diego State Aztecs football team represents San Diego State University in the sport of American football. The Aztecs compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletics Association and they play their homes games at Qualcomm Stadium and are currently coached by Rocky Long. They have won conference championships and three national championships at the small college division. They were scheduled to become a member of the Big East Conference in July 2013, but on January 17. San Diego State University was originally two separate schools, San Diego Normal School had school colors of white and gold. San Diego Junior College had school colors of blue and gold and they decided to merge schools in 1921 to form San Diego State College. The first school colors of SDSC were blue, white and gold, during the 1921 school year they had their first football game. The central athletic figure at San Diego State at the time was Charles E. Peterson and he had originally been appointed in 1916 as a physical education instructor. After serving in World War I, President Hardy prevailed upon him to return, initially, Peterson taught all the mens physical education classes and coached all the intercollegiate teams. After the athletic teams were established in 1921, media referred to the teams as Staters or professors, the school newspaper tried to encourage Wampus Cats during its coverage of the 1923–24 school year. In the fall of 1924, Athletic Director C. E. Peterson urged the students to select a nickname and the school newspaper, The Paper Lantern, invited suggestions. Over the next few issues, names such as Panthers, Balboans and Thoroughbreds were suggested and submitted to a committee of Dean Al Peterson, C. E. Peterson, in 1925, student leaders chose the nickname Aztecs over such other suggestions as Balboans. They felt the terminology was more representative of a southwest image, in February 1925, President Hardy gave his formal approval to the Aztec nickname and teams adopted that identity within a week. Purple and gold were adopted for the 1922–23 term but this became a problem because the colors were the same as St. Augustine High School and it didnt go over very well when one couldnt tell the difference between an Aztec lettermans sweater and a high school sweater. Also, purple and gold were the colors of Whittier College, not to mention the fact that manufacturers of Aztec merchandise in that era refused to guarantee the color fastness of San Diego States purple hues. That was followed by two days of voting the following month where students were to decide between Scarlet and Black and the colors, Purple and Gold. On January 19,1928 the tally was 346–201 in favor of Scarlet and Black, Don Coryell became the SDSC head coach in 1961, while in the California Collegiate Athletic Association. He led the Aztecs to two small college undefeated seasons in 1966 and 1968 and from the College Division to the University Division in 1969, San Diego State was a charter member of the Pacific Coast Athletic Association, which was founded on July 1,1969

13.
History of the St. Louis Cardinals (NFL)
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The professional American football team now known as the Arizona Cardinals previously played in St. Louis, Missouri from 1960 to 1987. This article chronicles the history during their time as the St. Louis Cardinals. Chicago Cardinals owner Violet Bidwill had married St. Louis businessman Walter Wolfner in 1949, when it became obvious that the Cardinals could no longer hope to compete with the Chicago Bears, a move to St. Louis seemed to make sense. The NFL conducted a survey of St. Louis, and concluded that it was capable of supporting a team, the leagues 12 owners unanimously approved the move, ending their 62-year stay in Chicago. During the Cardinals tenure in St. Louis, they were called the Big Red or the Football Cardinals in order to avoid confusion with the baseball team They shared Sportsmans Park with the baseball team. However, St. Louis had not had a football team since the early days of the NFL. The Cardinals initially held practices in the city park and their first home game was a loss to the Giants on October 2,1960, and they finished the year at 6–5–1. In 1961, they even at 7–7–0 and fell to 4–9–1 in 1962. Improving to 9–5–0 in 1963, the Cardinals almost reached the playoffs, during the Cardinals 28-year stay in St. Louis, they advanced to the playoffs just three times, never hosting or winning in any appearance. The new St. Louis football Cardinals were competitive for much of the 1960s, New stars emerged in Larry Wilson, Charley Johnson, Jim Bakken, Sonny Randle, and Jim Hart. Violet Bidwill Wolfner died in 1962, and her sons, Bill and Charles, although the Cardinals were competitive again in the 60s, they failed to achieve a playoff appearance during the decade. Only four teams qualified during this period, in 1964, the Bidwills, unsatisfied with St. Louis, considered moving the team to Atlanta. They wanted a new stadium, and that city was planning the construction of one, however, St. Louis persuaded them to stay with the promise of a stadium—what would become Busch Memorial Stadium. The Cardinals got off to a start, and tied the Cleveland Browns 33–33 on the road. They finished 9–4–1 and second in the Eastern Conference, but a victory by the Browns over the New York Giants denied them a playoff berth, the team finished the year with a meaningless win over the Packers. A 4–1–0 start to the 1965 season evaporated into a 5–9–0 finish, another middling season followed in 1967, with six wins, seven losses, and one tie. In 1970, the Cardinals were placed in the new NFC East division following the merger with the AFL. They posted three shutouts in November, blanking the Houston Oilers, Boston Patriots, and the Cowboys

14.
History of the San Diego Chargers
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The Los Angeles Chargers franchise was founded in 1959 as a charter member of the American Football League. The team played the 1960 season in Los Angeles, moving to San Diego in 1961, the Chargers played in San Diego for 56 years. In 2017, the Chargers owner announced a move to Los Angeles, effective with the 2017 season, the Chargers original owner was hotel heir Barron Hilton, son of Hilton Hotels founder Conrad Hilton. Frank Leahy, a former Notre Dame University football coach, was named the teams first general manager, the Chargers initially considered playing at the Rose Bowl, but instead signed a lease to play at the Los Angeles Coliseum. There is also a theory about a man named Gerald Courtney of Hollywood who won an all-expenses-paid trip to Mexico City. They played ten years in the AFL before the merging of the league into the older NFL and their only coach for the ten-year life of the AFL was Sid Gillman, former coach of the NFLs Los Angeles Rams, who originally signed a three-year contract as head coach. Gillman, who was voted to the Hall of Fame, was widely recognized as a great offensive innovator. He also took on the role of coach and general manager after Frank Leahy resigned because of poor health. The early AFL years of the San Diego Chargers were highlighted by the play of wide receiver Lance Alworth with 543 receptions for 10,266 yards in his 11-AFL/NFL-season career. In addition, he set the pro football record of games with a reception during his career. With players such as Alworth, Paul Lowe, Keith Lincoln and John Hadl, the high-scoring Chargers reached the AFL Championship Game five times winning once during that ten-year span. The Chargers spent only one season in L. A. before moving in 1961, on that season, the defense recorded 49 pass interceptions as the AFL played an exciting brand of football featuring strong passing attacks. The Chargers were the originators of the term Fearsome Foursome to describe their all-star defensive line, anchored by Earl Faison, the phrase was later appropriated by various NFL teams. Houston defeated the Chargers 10–3 before 29,556 persons in Balboa Stadium to win the second AFL championship. The next year, the Chargers stumbled to a 4-10 record, as of 2016, this was the last professional sports championship for the city of San Diego. In 1964, the AFL teams signed a television contract with National Broadcasting Company for a record $36 million. The Chargers and New York Jets tied 17-17 before a record AFL crowd of 50,222 fans,46,828 paid in New Yorks Shea Stadium, a Balboa Stadium attendance record of 34,865 was set as Buffalo defeated San Diego 27-24 on Thanksgiving Day. The Chargers defeated the Jets 38-3 before 25,753 persons in Balboa Stadium to clinch their fourth AFL West title in five years, in 1965, San Diego won their fifth AFL West title in six years by defeating Houston on December 12 by the score of 37-26

15.
Los Angeles Chargers Hall of Fame
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The Los Angeles Chargers are a professional American football team in the National Football League based in the Los Angeles Area. The club began play in 1960 as a member of the American Football League. They returned to Los Angeles in 2017, the Chargers created their Hall of Fame in 1976. Eligible candidates for the Hall of Fame must have retired for at least four seasons. Selections are made by a committee chaired by Dean Spanos. The initial four members—former players Emil Karas, Frank Buncom, Bob Laraba, from 1986 through 1992, there were no new inductions. The Los Angeles Times wrote in 1992, The Chargers have not done a job in recent years of recognizing their former players. Dan Fouts and Charlie Joiner were inducted in 1993 and it embarrasses me to go into the Hall of Fame before Don Coryell, because if it wasnt for Don Coryell, I wouldnt be in the Hall of Fame for the Chargers, said Fouts of his former head coach. Coryell was inducted the following year, the Chargers allowed the 2012 inductee to be determined by fans, who selected punter Darren Bennett. The members of the Hall of Fame were honored in San Diego at the Chargers Ring of Honor, founded in 2000, before its introduction in 2000, the Chargers and the Oakland Raiders were the only NFL teams without a Ring of Honor. In 2013, the Chargers also inducted their 1963 AFL Championship team into their Ring of Honor,15 members of the team were already in the teams Hall of Fame, List of San Diego Chargers 40th Anniversary Team List of San Diego Chargers 50th Anniversary Team Official website

16.
College Football Hall of Fame
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The College Football Hall of Fame is a hall of fame and museum devoted to college football. The National Football Foundation launched the Hall in 1951 to immortalize the players, from 1995 to 2012, the Hall was located in South Bend, Indiana. It was connected to a center and situated in the citys renovated downtown district,2 miles south of the University of Notre Dame campus. In August 2014, the College Football Hall of Fame and Chick-fil-A Fan Experience opened in downtown Atlanta, rutgers donated land near its football stadium, office space, and administrative support. In response, the Foundation moved its operations to New York City, when the New York Attorney Generals office began its own investigation, the foundation moved to Kings Mills, Ohio, where a building finally was constructed adjacent to Kings Island in 1978. The Hall opened with good attendance figures early on, but visitation dwindled dramatically as time went on, nearby Galbreath Field remained open as the home of Moeller High School football until 2003. A new building was opened in South Bend, Indiana on August 25,1995. Despite estimates that the South Bend location would more than 150,000 visitors a year, the Hall of Fame drew about 115,000 people the first year. In 2009, the National Football Foundation decided to move the College Football Hall of Fame to Atlanta, the possibility of moving the museum has been brought up in other cities, including Dallas, which had the financial backing of billionaire T. Boone Pickens. However, the National Football Foundation ultimately decided on Atlanta for the next site, the new $68.5 million museum opened on August 23,2014. It is located next to Centennial Olympic Park, which is near other attractions such as the Georgia Aquarium, the World of Coca-Cola, CNN Center, and the National Center for Civil and Human Rights. The Hall of Fame is located near the Georgia Institute of Technology of the ACC, the new building broke ground on January 28,2013. Sections of the architecture are reminiscent of a football in shape, the facility is 94,256 square feet and contains approximately 50,000 square feet of exhibit and event space, interactive displays and a 45-yard indoor football field. Atlanta Hall Management operates the College Football Hall of Fame, as of 2017, there are 987 players and 214 coaches enshrined in the College Football Hall of Fame, representing 306 schools. The National Football Foundation outlines specific criteria that may be used for evaluating a candidate for induction into the Hall of Fame. A player must have received major first team All-America recognition, a player becomes eligible for consideration 10 years after his last year of intercollegiate football played. Football achievements are considered first, but the record as a citizen is also weighed. Players must have played their last year of football within the last 50 years

17.
National Football League
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The National Football League is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams, divided equally between the National Football Conference and the American Football Conference. The NFL is one of the four professional sports leagues in North America. The NFLs 17-week regular season runs from the week after Labor Day to the week after Christmas, with each team playing 16 games, the NFL was formed in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association before renaming itself the National Football League for the 1922 season. The NFL agreed to merge with the American Football League in 1966, and the first Super Bowl was held at the end of that season, the merger was completed in 1970. Today, the NFL has the highest average attendance of any sports league in the world and is the most popular sports league in the United States. S. The NFLs executive officer is the commissioner, who has authority in governing the league. The team with the most NFL championships is the Green Bay Packers with thirteen, the current NFL champions are the New England Patriots, who defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34–28 in Super Bowl LI. Another meeting held on September 17,1920 resulted in the renaming of the league to the American Professional Football Association, the league hired Jim Thorpe as its first president, and consisted of 14 teams. Only two of these teams, the Decatur Staleys and the Chicago Cardinals, remain, the first event occurred on September 26,1920 when the Rock Island Independents defeated the non-league St. Paul Ideals 48–0 at Douglas Park. On October 3,1920, the first full week of league play occurred, the following season resulted in the Chicago Staleys controversially winning the title over the Buffalo All-Americans. In 1922, the APFA changed its name to the National Football League, in 1932, the season ended with the Chicago Bears and the Portsmouth Spartans tied for first in the league standings. This method had used since the leagues creation in 1920. The league quickly determined that a game between Chicago and Portsmouth was needed to decide the leagues champion. Playing with altered rules to accommodate the playing field, the Bears won the game 9–0. Fan interest in the de facto championship game led the NFL, beginning in 1933, the 1934 season also marked the first of 12 seasons in which African Americans were absent from the league. The de facto ban was rescinded in 1946, following public pressure, the NFL was always the foremost professional football league in the United States, it nevertheless faced a large number of rival professional leagues through the 1930s and 1940s. Rival leagues included at least three separate American Football Leagues and the All-America Football Conference, on top of regional leagues of varying caliber. Three NFL teams trace their histories to these leagues, including the Los Angeles Rams

18.
United States Army
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The United States Armed Forces are the federal armed forces of the United States. They consist of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, from the time of its inception, the military played a decisive role in the history of the United States. A sense of unity and identity was forged as a result of victory in the First Barbary War. Even so, the Founders were suspicious of a permanent military force and it played an important role in the American Civil War, where leading generals on both sides were picked from members of the United States military. Not until the outbreak of World War II did a standing army become officially established. The National Security Act of 1947, adopted following World War II and during the Cold Wars onset, the U. S. military is one of the largest militaries in terms of number of personnel. It draws its personnel from a pool of paid volunteers. As of 2016, the United States spends about $580.3 billion annually to fund its military forces, put together, the United States constitutes roughly 40 percent of the worlds military expenditures. For the period 2010–14, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute found that the United States was the worlds largest exporter of major arms, the United States was also the worlds eighth largest importer of major weapons for the same period. The history of the U. S. military dates to 1775 and these forces demobilized in 1784 after the Treaty of Paris ended the War for Independence. All three services trace their origins to the founding of the Continental Army, the Continental Navy, the United States President is the U. S. militarys commander-in-chief. Rising tensions at various times with Britain and France and the ensuing Quasi-War and War of 1812 quickened the development of the U. S. Navy, the reserve branches formed a military strategic reserve during the Cold War, to be called into service in case of war. Time magazines Mark Thompson has suggested that with the War on Terror, Command over the armed forces is established in the United States Constitution. The sole power of command is vested in the President by Article II as Commander-in-Chief, the Constitution also allows for the creation of executive Departments headed principal officers whose opinion the President can require. This allowance in the Constitution formed the basis for creation of the Department of Defense in 1947 by the National Security Act, the Defense Department is headed by the Secretary of Defense, who is a civilian and member of the Cabinet. The Defense Secretary is second in the chain of command, just below the President. Together, the President and the Secretary of Defense comprise the National Command Authority, to coordinate military strategy with political affairs, the President has a National Security Council headed by the National Security Advisor. The collective body has only power to the President

19.
Paratrooper
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Paratroopers are military parachutists — military personnel trained in parachuting into an operation and usually functioning as part of an airborne force. Military parachutists and parachutes were first used on a large scale during World War II for troop distribution and transportation, Paratroopers are often used to seize strategic objectives such as airfields or bridges. They are used for tactical advantage as they can be inserted into the battlefield from the air and they jump out of airplanes using their parachutes to land safely on the ground. It is one of the three types of forced entry strategic techniques for entering a theater of war, the two are by land and sea. Another common use for paratroopers is to establish an airhead for landing other units and this doctrine was first practically applied to warfare by the Italians and the Soviets. During World War II, however, the two countries ground forces were overstretched, leaving their elite paratroopers to be employed as regular infantry. The first extensive use of paratroopers was by the Germans during World War II and later in the war also by the Americans, owing to the limited capacity of cargo aircraft of the period they rarely, if ever, jumped in groups much larger than 20 from one aircraft. In English language parlance, this load of paratroopers is called a stick, the terms come from the common use of white chalk on the sides of aircraft and vehicles to mark and update numbers of personnel and equipment being emplaned. In World War II, paratroopers most often used parachutes of a circular or round design and these parachutes could be steered to a small degree by pulling on the risers and suspension lines which attach to the parachute canopy itself. German paratroopers, whose harnesses had only a single riser attached at the back, today, paratroopers still use round parachutes, or round parachutes modified as to be more fully controlled with toggles. The parachutes are deployed by a static line. Mobility of the parachutes is often limited to prevent scattering of the troops when a large number parachute together. Some military exhibition units and special forces units use ram-air parachutes, many countries have one or several paratrooper units, usually associated to the national Army or Air Force, but in some cases to the Navy. Argentina was the first country on the continent of South America to use Paratroopers, the first paratroopers were issued jump helmets similar to that used by the British at the time, as the rest of the equipment slightly based on the Fallschirmjäger. The 4th Parachute Brigade is a unit of the Argentine Army specialised in airborne assault operations and it is based in Córdoba, Córdoba Province. The Rapid Deployment Force is based on this unit, the members of the unit wear Boina Rojas of the paratroopers with unit badges. During the Second World War the Australian Army formed the 1st Parachute Battalion, however, in the post-war period Australias parachute capability was primarily maintained by special forces units. In the 1970s and 1980s a parachute capability was revived, while a Parachute Battalion Group based on the 3rd Battalion

20.
I formation
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The I formation is one of the most common offensive formations in American football. The I formation draws its name from the alignment of quarterback, fullback. The formation begins with the usual 5 offensive linemen, the quarterback under center, the base variant adds a tight end to one side of the line and two wide receivers, one at each end of the line. The exact origin of the I formation is unclear, charles M. Hollister of Northwestern in 1900 is one source, as is Bob Zuppke in 1914. Tom Nugent is credited with developing the I formation at Virginia Military Institute in 1950 as a replacement for the single-wing and an alternative to the T formation. Don Coryell, before popularizing Air Coryell, was also a pioneer of the I and used it as a school coach in Hawaii, at Wenatchee Valley College in 1955. In 1960, Coryell was an assistant coach under John McKay for the USC Trojans, by 1962, McKays USC team won the national title with an offense built on the I. John Madden recalled going to an I formation clinic led by McKay, wed go to these clinics, and afterward, everyone would run up to talk to McKay, said Madden. Coryell was there because he introduced, I was thinking, If learned from him, Ill go talk to. Tom Osborne, head coach at Nebraska, further popularized the formation in the early 1970s. It was the base of the Nebraska option offense for over thirty years, NFL teams followed the success of the I at the college level and adopted it as well. The I formation is typically employed in running situations, in the I formation, the tailback starts six to eight yards behind the scrimmage from an upright position, where he can survey the defense. The formation gives the more opportunities for finding weak points in the defense to run into. The fullback typically fills a blocking, rather than rushing or receiving, with the fullback in the backfield as a blocker, runs can be made to either side of the line with his additional blocking support. This is contrasted with the use of tight ends as blockers who, the fullback can also be used as a feint—since the defense can spot him more easily than the running back, they may be drawn in his direction while the running back takes the ball the opposite way. Despite the emphasis on the game, the I formation remains an effective base for a passing attack. The formation supports up to three wide receivers and many running backs serve as a receiving threat. While the fullback is rarely a pass receiver, he serves as an additional pass blocker protecting the quarterback before the pass

21.
University of British Columbia
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The University of British Columbia, commonly referred to as UBC, is a public research university with campuses and facilities in British Columbia, Canada. Founded in 1908 as the McGill University College of British Columbia and it is British Columbias oldest institution of higher learning and has over 60,000 students at its Vancouver and Okanagan Valley campuses. Most students are enrolled in five faculties, Arts, Science, Applied Science, UBC Faculty of Medicine. UBCs 4.02 km2 Vancouver campus is within the University Endowment Lands, the 2.09 km2 Okanagan campus, acquired in 2005, is in Kelowna. UBCs admission standards is the 2nd most rigorous in Canada with the average of 89. 95% high school GPA for all incoming domestic students in 2015 for the Vancouver Campus. According to the annual rankings compiled by Macleans and U. S. News, in 2015 U. S. News and World Report and Times Higher Education ranked UBC among the 20 best public universities worldwide. With an annual research budget valued at $600 million, UBC funds 8,442 projects as of 2014, the university has also educated three Canadian prime ministers, most recently Justin Trudeau, the current prime minister. One of the largest research libraries in Canada, the UBC Library system has over 9.9 million volumes among its 21 branches, since 1968, UBC is home to TRIUMF, Canadas national laboratory for particle and nuclear physics which houses the worlds largest cyclotron. In 1877, only six years after British Columbia joined Canada, the provincial legislature passed An Act Respecting the University of British Columbia in 1890, but disagreements arose over whether to build the university on Vancouver Island or the mainland. The British Columbia University Act of 1908 formally called a university into being. The president, appointed by the board, was to provide a link between the two bodies and to perform institutional leadership, the Act constituted a twenty-one member senate with Francis Carter-Cotton of Vancouver as Chancellor. Before the University Act, there had been attempts at creating a degree-granting university with help from the Universities of Toronto. Building on an affiliation between Vancouver and Victoria high schools with McGill University, Henry Marshall Tory helped establish the McGill University College of British Columbia. From 1906 to 1915, McGill BC operated as an institution providing the first few years toward a degree at McGill University or elsewhere. The Henry Marshall Tory Medal was established in 1941 by Tory, founding President of the University of Alberta and of the National Research Council of Canada, and a co-founder of Carleton University. In the meantime, appeals were made to the government to revive the legislation for a provincial institution, leading to the University Endowment Act in 1907. In 1910 the Point Grey site was chosen, and the government appointed Dr. Frank Fairchild Wesbrook as President in 1913, on the first day of lectures was September 30,1915, the new independent university absorbed McGill University College. The University of British Columbia awarded its first degrees in 1916, World War I dominated campus life, and the student body was decimated by enlistments for active service, with three hundred UBC students in Company D alone

22.
John McKay (American football)
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John Harvey McKay was an American football coach. He was the coach at the University of Southern California from 1960 to 1975. In 16 seasons at USC, McKay compiled a record of 127–40–8 and his teams made eight appearances in the Rose Bowl, with five wins. Four of his squads captured national titles, Following a disappointing 1975 season, McKay moved to the NFL as the first head coach of the expansion Tampa Bay Buccaneers. In 1976 and 1977, Tampa Bay lost the first 26 games, the Bucs made the playoffs three times under McKay, including an appearance in the NFC Championship Game in 1979. McKay was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1988, on January 1,2014, McKay was named the All-Century Coach of the Rose Bowl Game during the celebration of the 100th Rose Bowl Game. His son represented him in the 2014 Rose Parade, McKay was born in West Virginia in the now-defunct town of Everettville in Monongalia County, where he was raised as a Roman Catholic. He was the third of five born to Scots-Irish parents John. His father was a mine superintendent who died when John was 13 years old. He grew up in Shinnston, and graduated from Shinnston High School in 1941, offered a football scholarship to Wake Forest, McKay was on campus enrolling when his widowed mother became ill. He returned home to West Virginia and worked as an assistant in a coal mine for a year. McKay served as a tailgunner aboard B-29s and saw action in the Pacific Theatre during World War II, after the war, he entered college at Purdue University in 1946 at the age of 23, then transferred to the University of Oregon in 1947. He played football at both schools, at Purdue, he was a halfback, alongside Bob DeMoss and Ed Cody. He split time with Ed Ehlers and his head coach was former NFL Champion Quarterback, Cecil Isbell. At Oregon, he was a halfback for the Ducks, alongside quarterback Norm Van Brocklin, the Ducks went 9-1 in the regular season in 1948, and were 7-0 in the Pacific Coast, co-champions with California. Because the two teams did not meet during the season, the bid to the 1949 Rose Bowl was decided by the university presidents, breaking with tradition, the PCC allowed the co-champions to also play in a bowl game. The Ducks accepted an invitation to the Cotton Bowl in Dallas, when Van Brocklin graduated and moved on to the NFL in 1949, McKay took over the Duck offense and called the audibles from his two-point stance as a running back. Without the future hall of famer, the Ducks slipped to 4-6, without McKay on the field in 1950, Oregon was 1-9 and winless in conference, including shutouts by UCLA and lowly Idaho

23.
USC Trojans
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The USC Trojans are the athletic teams that represent the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, California. While the mens teams are nicknamed the Trojans, the athletic teams are referred to as either the Trojans or Women of Troy. The program participates in the Pac-12 Conference and has won 125 team national championships,103 of which are NCAA National Championships, USCs cross-town rival is UCLA, with whom there is fierce athletic and scholastic competition. However, USCs rivalry with Notre Dame predates the UCLA rivalry by three years, the Notre Dame rivalry stems mainly from the annual football game played between these two universities and is considered the greatest intersectional rivalry in college football. USC sponsors teams in ten mens and thirteen womens NCAA sanctioned sports, * = Beach volleyball is a fully sanctioned NCAA sport which had its first national championship in the spring of 2016. The Trojans have won 125 team national championships,103 of which are NCAA National Championships and this is the third highest count of all universities behind UCLA with 113 and Stanford with 112. The Trojan men have won 97 national championships, more than any other University, the Women of Troy have earned 28 national championships, third in the nation. The Trojans won at least 1 national team title in 26 consecutive years, USC won the National College All-Sports Championship an annual ranking by USA Today of the country’s top athletic programs —6 times since its inception in 1971. Four Trojans have won the prestigious James E. Sullivan Award as the top athlete in America, diver Sammy Lee, shot putter Parry O’Brien. Two Trojans have won the Honda-Broderick Cup as the top collegiate woman athlete of the year, Cheryl Miller, and Trojan women have won 8 Honda Awards, as the top female athlete in their sport. USC has a reputation and long tradition of nurturing Olympic athletes, from the 1904 Summer Olympics through the 2014 winter games,422 Trojan athletes have competed in the Games, taking home 135 gold medals,88 silver and 65 bronze. For instance, USCs three womens water polo 2012 gold medalists count as 3 medals by this method, whereas silver medalist Spain only counts one medal, USC has won 103 NCAA team national championships. USC won USLTA team titles in 1977 and 1978, a December 1998 SPORT magazine ranking listed USC as the No.4 all-time college football program of the 20th century. In 2009 ESPN ranked USC the second best program in football history. The USC Football team has been voted National Champions 11 times, USC is also known for its Heisman Trophy winners. USC is second in Heisman winners at 7, three of the four Heisman winners from 2002 to 2005 were Trojans - Carson Palmer in 2002, Matt Leinart in 2004 and Reggie Bush in 2005. Four other Trojan tailbacks have won the coveted Heisman Trophy as college football’s outstanding player, Mike Garrett in 1965, O. J. Simpson in 1968, Charles White in 1979 and Marcus Allen in 1981. Also notable, USC has 12 players in the Pro Football Hall of Fame, USCs record against opponents from the old Pac-10 is 367–153–29, and the Trojans have winning records against all nine other members

24.
San Diego State University
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San Diego State University is a public research university in San Diego, California, and is the largest and oldest higher education institution in San Diego County. Founded in 1897 as San Diego Normal School, it is the third-oldest university in the 23-member California State University, SDSU has a Fall 2016 student body of 34,688 and an alumni base of more than 280,000. The Carnegie Foundation has designated San Diego State University a Doctoral University with Higher Research Activity, in the 2015–16 fiscal year, the university obtained $130 million in public and private funding—a total of 707 awards—up from $120.6 million the previous fiscal year. SDSU sponsors the second highest number of Fulbright Scholars in the State of California, since 2005, the university has produced over 65 Fulbright student scholars. The university generates over $2.4 billion annually for the San Diego economy, while 60 percent of SDSU graduates remain in San Diego, making SDSU a primary educator of the regions work force. Established on March 13,1897, San Diego State University first began as the San Diego Normal School and it was located on a 17-acre campus on Park Boulevard in University Heights. It opened with seven faculty members and 91 students, the curriculum was limited to English, history. In 1923, the San Diego Normal School became San Diego State Teachers College, by the 1930s the school had outgrown its original campus. In 1931 it moved to its current location on a mesa at what was then the edge of San Diego. In 1935, the school expanded its offerings beyond teacher education, in 1960, San Diego State College became a part of the California State Colleges system, now known as The California State University. Finally in 1972 San Diego State College became California State University, San Diego, John F. Kennedy, then the President of the United States of America, gave the graduation commencement address at San Diego State University on June 6,1963. Kennedy was given a doctorate degree in law at the ceremony. In 1964, this event was registered as California Historical Landmark #798, on May 29,1964, civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. addressed a near-capacity audience in the Open Air Theater. King discussed his vision for the future and called for the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, in April 2012, his Holiness the XIV Dalai Lama spoke at SDSUs Viejas Arena as part of his Compassion Without Borders tour. SDSU has had 10 presidents, two of whom served in an acting capacity, several structures on the campus are named in past presidents honor, such as Hardy Tower, Hepner Hall, and the Malcolm A. In March 2017 President Hirshman announced his intention to resign June 30,2017, samuel T. Black Edward L. Hardy Walter R. Hepner Malcolm A. Love Donald E. Walker Brage Golding Trevor Colbourn Thomas B, SDSU also offers 26 different teaching credentials. The university offers doctoral degrees than any other campus in the entire California State University

25.
San Diego State Aztecs
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The San Diego State Aztecs are the collegiate athletics and sports teams that represent San Diego State University. San Diego State has organized programs for baseball, basketball, football, soccer, golf, gymnastics, rowing, softball, tennis, track, swimming, diving, womens volleyball, the Aztecs compete in NCAA Division I. Its primary conference is the Mountain West Conference, the womens water polo team participates in the Golden Coast Conference, having moved from the Big West Conference in July 2013. The mens soccer team participates as a member of the Pac-12 Conference. News reports often mention Montezuma Mesa or news from the mesa when discussing San Diego State-related sports events, the school colors are scarlet, black and white. Current Head Coach, Rocky Long San Diego State Universitys football team is part of the highest level of American collegiate football, until the 2010 season, the Aztec football team had not won a bowl game in the past 37 years. San Diego State athletics have contributed to the National Football League, after being named the offensive coordinator of Utah State University, Billick improved the second-worst offense in Division I-A into a top-ten offense in only three seasons. Don Coryell – former NFL head coach of the San Diego Chargers, herman Edwards – NFL head coach of the New York Jets and Kansas City Chiefs, former Aztec and Philadelphia Eagles player. Fondly remembered for the Miracle in the Meadowlands play against the rival New York Giants, john Fox – former NFL head coach of the Carolina Panthers, former Aztec player. Joe Gibbs – Hall of Fame NFL head coach of the Washington Redskins, NASCAR team owner, former Aztec player, john Madden – Hall of Fame AFL/NFL head coach of the Oakland Raiders, former Aztec assistant coach. Ted Tollner – former NFL offensive coordinator for the Detroit Lions, San Francisco 49ers and San Diego Chargers, sean Payton – Head coach of the New Orleans Saints The football team plays at Qualcomm Stadium. Current Head Coach, Steve Fisher Current Head Coach, Stacie Terry San Diego State has both mens and womens basketball teams. The basketball teams play at Viejas Arena on the San Diego State campus, the team has had moderate success since Fisher was hired as head coach. The Aztecs won the Mountain West Conference basketball tournament in 2002,2006,2010, the Aztecs were also the regular season Mountain West champions in 2006. On March 19,2007, a new National Invitation Tournament attendance record was set, at 26,752 and they also made the MWC Tournament Finals in 2009, losing the Championship to the Utah Utes, 52–50. After being overlooked by the NCAA Selection Committee for the 2009 tournament, with a win against St. Marys in the tournaments quarter finals the 2008–09 team set a school record for wins in a single season with 26. In 2010, both the Mens and Womens teams won the Mountain West Conference basketball tournament, earning a berth to the NCAA basketball tournament. The only losses of the season were to another top 10 ranked team, BYU

26.
NCAA Division II
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Division II is an intermediate-level division of competition in the National Collegiate Athletic Association. It offers an alternative to both the larger and better-funded Division I and to the scholarship-free environment offered in Division III, before 1973, the NCAAs smaller schools were grouped together in the College Division. In 1973, the College Division split in two when the NCAA began using numeric designations for its competitions, nationally, ESPN televises the championship game in football, CBS televises the mens basketball championship, and ESPN2 televises the womens basketball championship. CBS Sports Network broadcasts six football games on Thursdays during the regular season, the official slogan of NCAA Division II, implemented in 2015, is Make It Yours. There are currently 300 full and 20 provisional members of Division II with seven institutions moving to full membership in September 2015, Division II schools tend to be smaller public universities and many private institutions. A large minority of Division II institutions have fewer than 2,499 students, only six institutions have more than 15,000 students. Division II has a membership, with two active member institutions in Alaska and four in Hawaii. Additionally, it is the division that has member institutions in Puerto Rico. Simon Fraser University became the first institution outside the US to enter the NCAA membership process and this occurred after the Division II Membership Committee accepted the institutions application during a July 7–9 meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana. Simon Fraser, located in the Vancouver suburb of Burnaby, British Columbia, prospective members also must complete at least one year of provisional status before being accepted as full-time Division II members. In the fall of 2012, the NCAA Presidents Council officially approved Simon Fraser University as the organizations first international member. Division II institutions have to sponsor at least five sports for men and five for women, for sports other than football and basketball there are no scheduling requirements. There are not attendance requirements for football, nor arena size requirements for basketball, there are maximum financial aid awards for each sport, as well as a separate limit on financial aid awards in mens sports, that a Division II school must not exceed. Division II teams usually feature a number of local or in-state student-athletes, many Division II student-athletes pay for school through a combination of scholarship money, grants, student loans and employment earnings. Division II athletics programs are financed in the institutions budget like other departments on campus. Traditional rivalries with regional institutions dominate schedules of many Division II athletics programs, Athletic scholarships are offered in most sponsored sports at most institutions, but with more stringent limits as to the numbers offered in any one sport than at the Division I level. For example, Division II schools may give financial aid in football equivalent to 36 full scholarships, two exceptions to this rule currently exist. First, football players transferring from a Division I FBS school to a Division I FCS school do not have to sit out a year

27.
NCAA Division I
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Division I is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States. This level was called the University Division of the NCAA, in contrast to the lower level College Division. For football only, Division I was further subdivided in 1978 into Division I-A, Division I-AA, in 2006, Division I-A and I-AA were renamed Football Bowl Subdivision and Football Championship Subdivision, respectively. FCS teams are allowed to award scholarships, a practice technically allowed. FBS teams also have to meet attendance requirements, while FCS teams do not need to meet minimum attendance requirements. Another difference is post season play, starting with the 2014 postseason, a four-team playoff called the College Football Playoff, replaced the previous one game championship format. Even so, Division I FBS football is still the only NCAA sport in which a champion is not determined by an NCAA-sanctioned championship event. All D-I schools must field teams in at least seven sports for men and seven for women or six for men and eight for women, with at least two team sports for each gender. Division I schools must meet minimum financial aid awards for their athletics program, Several other NCAA sanctioned minimums and differences that distinguish Division I from Divisions II and III. Each playing season has to be represented by each gender as well, there are contest and participant minimums for each sport, as well as scheduling criteria. Mens and womens teams have to play all but two games against Division I teams, for men, they must play one-third of all their contests in the home arena. The NCAA has limits on the financial aid each Division I member may award in each sport that the school sponsors. Equivalency sports, in which the NCAA limits the total financial aid that a school can offer in a sport to the equivalent of a set number of full scholarships. Roster limitations may or may not apply, depending on the sport, the term counter is also key to this concept. The NCAA defines a counter as an individual who is receiving financial aid that is countable against the aid limitations in a sport. The number of scholarships that Division I members may award in sport is listed below. In this table, scholarship numbers for head-count sports are indicated without a point, for equivalency sports, they are listed with a decimal point. An exception exists for players at non-scholarship FCS programs who receive aid in another sport, participants in basketball are counted in that sport, unless they also play football

28.
UCLA Bruins football
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The UCLA Bruins football program represents the University of California, Los Angeles in college football as members of the Pac-12 Conference at the NCAA Division I FBS level. The Bruins have enjoyed several periods of success in their history and their first major period of success came in the 1950s, under head coach Henry Russell Sanders. Sanders led the Bruins to the Coaches Poll national championship in 1954, in the 1980s and 1990s, during the tenure of Terry Donahue, the Bruins compiled a 151–74–8 record, including 13 bowl games and an NCAA record eight straight bowl wins. The program has produced 28 first round picks in the NFL Draft,30 consensus All-Americans, the UCLA Bruins main rival is the USC Trojans. Jim L. Mora is the current head coach, the Bruins were the Pac-12 Conference South Division champions for two years in a row and played Pac-12 Football Championship Games in both 2011 and 2012. The first football team fielded by UCLA took the field in 1919, the team was coached by Fred Cozens. That UCLA football team compiled a 2–6 record, UCLA did not participate in an athletic conference until 1920, so the 1919 football team played a schedule full of local high schools and other assorted teams. Cozens was UCLAs athletics director from 1919 to 1942, harry Trotter took over the young UCLA football program after Cozens stepped down after guiding the Bruins in their first season. Coach Trotters two wins were against Redlands and San Diego State, which did not join the SCIAC until 1926, Trotter left UCLA with a 2–13–1 record in three seasons. James J. Cline took over the Bruins football program as its head coach in 1923. Coach Clines two wins were against Loyola University and San Diego State, Cline was replaced after two seasons and a 2–10–3 record. William H. Spaulding came to UCLA from Minnesota in 1925, as the Bruins head coach, his overall record in fourteen seasons was 72–51–8. During his tenure in Los Angeles, Spaulding led the Bruins to their first bowl appearance and victory, also during Spauldings tenure, the Bruins left the SCIAC and joined the Pacific Coast Conference beginning in 1928. Spauldings 72 wins rank him among the best in head coaching victories in Bruin football history and he retired after a successful fourteen-season tenure ended after the 1938 season. Horrell was promoted to head coach following Spauldings retirement and his 1942 UCLA Bruins team lost to Georgia in the 1943 Rose Bowl. He was the first coach to lead a UCLA team to defeat rival USC and it was the first football victory in the UCLA-USC rivalry. The most notable player who played for Horrell at UCLA was Jackie Robinson, Horrells 1939 team compiled a 6–0–4 and his 1941 team posted a 5–5–1 record. With the exception of the 1942 season, the record of the Bruins during Horrells tenure outside the aforementioned seasons was 6–22–1

29.
John Madden
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John Earl Madden is a former American football coach and broadcaster for the National Football League. He won a Super Bowl as head coach of the Oakland Raiders in the American Football Conference of the NFL, in 2006, he was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in recognition of his coaching career. He is also known for the long-running Madden NFL video game series he has endorsed and fronted since 1988. Madden worked as a color analyst for all four networks, CBS, Fox, ABC. Madden has also several books and has served as a commercial pitchman for various products. He retired from broadcasting on April 16,2009 to spend time with his family. John Madden was born in Austin, Minnesota to Earl Russell Madden and his father, an auto mechanic, moved the Madden family to Daly City, California, a suburb of San Francisco, when he was young. He attended middle school at Our Lady of Perpetual Help, and then Jefferson High School, Madden married Virginia Fields on December 26,1959. They live in Pleasanton, California, and have two sons, Joseph and Michael, Joe played football at Brown University and Mike attended Harvard University where he started as receiver on the football team. He won all-conference honors at offensive tackle, and was a catcher on Cal Polys baseball team, Madden recounted how he became involved with coaching, I got hurt in my rookie year with the Philadelphia Eagles - a knee injury - and I couldnt play. While I was rehabbing, Norm Van Brocklin would be watching films, I ended up with a degree in teaching, and my love for football meshed with teaching. In 1960, he became an assistant coach at Allan Hancock College in Santa Maria, following the 1963 season, he was hired as a defensive assistant coach at San Diego State, where he served through 1966. During that final campaign, the Aztecs were ranked among the top colleges in the country. While at SDSU, Madden coached under Don Coryell, whom Madden credits as being an influence on his coaching, building on that success, Madden was hired by Al Davis as linebackers coach for the AFLs Oakland Raiders in 1967, putting him in the Sid Gillman coaching tree. He helped the team reach Super Bowl II that season, according to former Raiders coach Dennis Allen, John Madden was arguably the best Oakland Raiders coach in the history of the team. Maddens Raiders reached and lost five AFC Title games in seven years, despite a 12–1–1 mark in 1969, the team lost 17–7 to the Kansas City Chiefs in the final American Football League championship game. Three years later, what appeared to be a victory over the Steelers instead became a part of football lore when Franco Harris Immaculate Reception gave Pittsburgh a 13–7 win. Then, in 1974, after defeating the two-time, and defending Super Bowl champion Miami Dolphins in dramatic fashion, in 1975 NFL season, the Raiders went 11–3 and lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers in the AFC Championship game by a score of 16–10

30.
Brian Sipe
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Brian Winfield Sipe is a former professional American football quarterback who played for the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League from 1974 to 1983. He then played in the United States Football League for two seasons, although mostly sidelined for the first several years of his NFL career, Sipe was eventually recognized as one of the better quarterbacks in Browns history, winning the leagues MVP Award in 1980. He also competed in the 1961 Little League World Series for El Cajon, California, and prepped at Grossmont High School. Drafted in the 13th round of the 1972 NFL Draft by the Cleveland Browns, in 1974, Sipe started four games after helping the Browns come back from a 12-point deficit against the Denver Broncos on October 27. However, after winning just one of the four contests, he was replaced by Mike Phipps, the teams disastrous 1975 season saw Sipe enter the starting lineup after three consecutive losses in which the Browns were outscored 124-26. Sipes three starts reduced the margin of defeat for the squad, but still resulted in a trio of defeats, the following year, he finally moved into a consistent starting role following an opening game injury to Phipps on September 12,1976. As the teams signal caller that season, he led them to a 9-5 record, during the first half of the 1977 season, he led the team to five wins in their first seven games. However, on November 13 of that year, Sipe suffered a shoulder injury at Three Rivers Stadium against the Pittsburgh Steelers in the second quarter of the teams 35-31 defeat. Sipe came back the year to throw for more than 2,900 yards and 21 touchdown passes. Serving as the catalyst for many thrilling moments during the 1979 and 1980 seasons, the designation was in recognition of their tendency to produce heart-stopping comeback victories in the final minutes of many games. Over the course of two seasons, Sipe led the Browns to eight comebacks and eleven game-winning drives in the fourth quarter or overtime. In 1980, Sipe passed for 4,132 yards and 30 touchdowns, individually, his efforts earned him the Associated Press NFL MVP award and a selection to the NFL Pro Bowl. In an AFC divisional playoff game that 1980 season against the Raiders the Browns couldve settled for a short game winning field goal. It was a choice, Cleveland weather was brutally cold and windy. Likewise, Sipes target was Pro Football Hall of Fame TE Ozzie Newsome, with 41 seconds left in the game, Sipe threw an interception in the end zone, bringing the Browns season to a heartbreaking end. The play call, Red Right 88 would be immortalized in Cleveland sports infamy, despite throwing for 3,876 yards the following year, Sipe was at the controls as the team staggered to a 5-11 mark. In 1982, Sipe and the Browns won just two of the teams first six games in the strike-marred NFL season, and Sipe was benched in favor of third-year signal caller Paul McDonald. Sipe regained his role the following year, but angered Browns management by negotiating with Donald Trumps USFL New Jersey Generals during the season

31.
Fred Dryer
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John Frederick Fred Dryer is an American actor and former American football defensive end in the National Football League. He played for 13 years in the NFL, having played in 176 games, starting in 1966 and he is the only NFL player to score two safeties in one game. Following his retirement from football, Dryer had a career as a film and television actor. His height of 6 ft 6 in and physique are useful for his action roles, Dryer was inducted to the El Camino C. C. Athletic Hall Of Fame in 1988, as a member and was the Athlete of the Year for his 1966 performance on the football field. Dryer was also a 1966 Junior College All-American During Dryers junior and senior seasons and they were the College Division National Champions in both seasons. In 1967 they topped both the Associated Press and United Press International polls as #1, in 1968 San Diego State was voted the champions by UPI and North Dakota State topped the AP poll and thus the two schools shared the College-Division title. Dryer was voted the defensive lineman on the team and as such was the recipient of the Byron H. Chase Memorial Trophy. One of Dryers teammates was Carl Weathers, who played Apollo Creed in the first four films of the Rocky series, in 1967 the Aztecs allowed 12.9 points a game on defense, which is still ninth in SDSU history. In 1967 and 1968 the Aztec run defense allowed just 80.1 and 100.1 yards per game, still fourth and fifth, Dryer was named to the Little All-America team in 1968 since at the time the school was 1-AA. Dryer played in the East-West Shrine Game in San Francisco, the Hula Bowl in Honolulu, Dryer was a vegetarian for 10 years. In 1988, Dryer was inducted into the San Diego State University Aztec Hall of Fame, in 1997 Dryer received college footballs ultimate honor in being voted to the College Football Hall of Fame and is one of only three SDSU Aztecs in the collegiate Hall of Fame. Dryer was drafted in the first round of the 1969 NFL Draft by the New York Giants and he was the starting right defensive end from 1969 through 1971. He led the team in quarterback sacks each of three seasons with 8½ in 1969,12 in 1970 and 8½ in 1971. He was among the leaders in other categories as well. In 1969 he tallied 58 tackles, six passes deflected and forced two fumbles and recovered two, the next season Dryer was an alternate to the Pro Bowl but could not play due to a bruised hip. He was Second-team All-NFC after recording 69 tackles four pass deflections, in 1971 he again led the team with 8½ sacks, and totaled 62 tackles. Dryer also deflected two passes, forced two fumbles and recovered two for the third consecutive season

32.
Carl Weathers
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Carl Weathers is an American actor and former professional football player. Weathers was born in New Orleans, Louisiana and he graduated from St. Augustine High School - New Orleans in 1966 and then attended Long Beach City College and San Diego State University. During high school, he was an athlete, involved in boxing, football, gymnastics, judo, soccer. He earned his B. A. in Drama from San Francisco State University in 1974, Weathers played football as a linebacker both in college and professionally. He then transferred and played for San Diego State University, becoming a letterman in 1968 and 1969, Weathers had a brief professional career with the Oakland Raiders, he played seven games in 1970 and one in 1971. He joined the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League in 1971, during the off-seasons, Weathers attended San Francisco State University and finished his B. A. in Drama in 1974. He retired from football in 1974, and began pursuing an acting career, in his professional football career, he played for Hall of Fame coaches Don Coryell and John Madden with the Oakland Raiders. He was chosen to narrate NFL Films season recap of the 1999 Oakland Raiders season,2000 Oakland Raiders season 2001 Oakland Raiders season, Weathers had his first roles in two blaxploitation films directed by his longtime friend Arthur Marks, Bucktown and Friday Foster. Weathers also appeared in an episode of the 1970s sitcom Good Times entitled The Nude, in 1975, he guest starred in an episode of Kung Fu entitled The Brothers Caine. For the penultimate film in the Rocky series, Rocky Balboa, Stallone asked Weathers, Mr. T, Mr. T and Lundgren agreed, but Weathers wanted an actual part in the movie, even though his character had died in Rocky IV. Stallone refused, and Weathers decided not to allow Stallone to use his image for flashbacks from the previous Rocky movies and they instead used footage of a fighter who looks similar to Weathers. Weathers is briefly seen as an Army MP in one of the three released versions of Close Encounters of the Third Kind, in 1978, Weathers portrayed misogynist Vince Sullivan in a TV movie, Not This Time. In the late 1970s and 1980s, Weathers starred in a number of films for the small and big screen, including Force 10 from Navarone, Predator, Action Jackson. As a member of the cast of Predator, Weathers worked with future California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and he also appeared in Michael Jacksons Liberian Girl music video and co-starred in the Adam Sandler comedy Happy Gilmore, as Chubbs, a golf legend teaching Happy how to play golf. He reprised the role four years later in the Sandler comedy Little Nicky. During the final two seasons of In the Heat of the Night, his character, Hampton Forbes, replaced Bill Gillespie as the chief of police, another noted TV role was Sgt. Adam Beaudreaux on the cop show Street Justice and he also played as MACV-SOG Colonel Brewster in the CBS series Tour of Duty. He was then cast in the comedies The Sasquatch Gang and The Comebacks, Weathers had a guest role in two episodes of The Shield as the former training officer of main character Vic Mackey

33.
Canadian Football League
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The Canadian Football League is a professional sports league in Canada. The CFL is the highest level of competition in Canadian football and its nine teams, which are located in nine separate cities, are divided into two divisions, the East Division, with four teams, and the West Division with five teams. As of 2016, the features a 20-week regular season. The CFL was officially founded on January 19,1958, the league was formed from a merger between the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union founded in 1907 and the Western Interprovincial Football Union founded in 1936. Rugby football began to be played in Canada in the 1860s, the CRFU was reorganized as the Canadian Rugby Union in 1891, and served as an umbrella organization for several provincial and regional unions. The Grey Cup was donated by Governor General Earl Grey in 1909 to the winning the Senior Amateur Football Championship of Canada. By that time, the sport as played in Canada had diverged markedly from its rugby origins, in 1956, the IRFU and WIFU formed a new umbrella organization, the Canadian Football Council. In 1958, the CFC left the CRU and became the Canadian Football League, as part of an agreement between the CRU and CFL, the CFL took possession of the Grey Cup, even though amateurs had not competed for it since 1954. The CRU remained the governing body for amateur play in Canada, initially, the two unions remained autonomous, and there was no intersectional play between eastern and western teams except at the Grey Cup final. This situation was analogous to how the American baseball leagues operated for years. The IRFU was renamed the Eastern Football Conference in 1960, while the WIFU was renamed the Western Football Conference in 1961, also in 1961, limited intersectional play was introduced. It was not until 1981 that the two agreed to a full merger, becoming the East and West Divisions of the CFL. With the merger came a full interlocking schedule of 16 games per season, Other team names had traditional origins. With rowing a national craze in the late 19th century, the Argonaut Rowing Club of Toronto formed a team for its members off-season participation. The football team name Toronto Argonauts still remains though it. After World War II, the two teams in Hamilton—the Tigers and the Flying Wildcats—merged both their organizations into the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, after the 1981 season, the Alouettes folded and were replaced the next year by a new franchise named the Concordes. In 1986 the Concordes were renamed the Alouettes to attract more fan support, the demise of the Alouettes forced the League to move its easternmost Western team, Winnipeg, into the East Division. In 1993, the league admitted its first United States-based franchise, after modest success, the league then expanded further in the U. S. in 1994 with the Las Vegas Posse, Baltimore Stallions, and Shreveport Pirates

34.
Pro Football Hall of Fame
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The Pro Football Hall of Fame is the hall of fame for professional American football. As of 2017, there are a total of 310 members of the Hall of Fame, groundbreaking for the building was held on August 11,1962. The original building contained just two rooms, and 19,000 square feet of interior space, in April 1970, ground was broken for the first of many expansions. This first expansion cost $620,000, and was completed in May 1971, the size was increased to 34,000 square feet by adding another room. The pro shop opened with this expansion and this was also an important milestone for the Pro Football Hall of Fame, as yearly attendance passed the 200,000 mark for the first time. In November 1977, work began on another project, costing US$1,200,000. It was completed in November 1978, enlarging the shop and research library. The total size of the hall was now 50,500 square feet, the building remained largely unchanged until July 1993. The Hall then announced yet another expansion, costing US$9,200,000 and this expansion was completed in October 1995. The buildings size was increased to 82,307 square feet, the most notable addition was the GameDay Stadium, which shows an NFL Films production on a 20-foot by 42-foot Cinemascope screen. Through 2017, all inductees except one, played part of their professional career in the NFL. For CFL stars, there is a parallel Canadian Football Hall of Fame, only one player, the Chicago Bears have the most Hall of Famers among the leagues franchises with 32 enshrinees. Enshrinees are selected by a 46-person committee, largely made up of media members, each city that has a current NFL team sends one representative from the local media to the committee. A city with more than one franchise sends a representative for each franchise, there are also 13 at-large delegates, and one representative from the Pro Football Writers Association. Except for the PFWA representative, who is appointed to a term, all other appointments are open-ended and terminated only by death, incapacitation, retirement. To be eligible for the process, a player or coach must have been retired for at least five years. Any other contributor such as an owner or executive can be voted in at any time. Fans may nominate any player, coach or contributor by simply writing to the Pro Football Hall of Fame via letter or email

35.
Roger Wehrli
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Roger Wehrli is a former National Football League cornerback who played his entire 14-year career with the St. Louis Cardinals from 1969 until 1982. He was a seven-time Pro Bowler after playing football at the University of Missouri, where he was a consensus All-American. He was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2007, Wehrli was born in New Point, Missouri. His parents were teachers and his father was a district superintendent. They enrolled Roger in school at the age of 5, as a result, he started his freshman year of high school at the age of 13. In 1965, Dan Devine recruited Wehrli from King City, Missouri, where he lettered in football, basketball, Wehrli was assigned to defense by University of Missouri coach Dan Devine. Despite playing on defense, Wehrli was able to get his hands on the ball enough to be an offensive threat. Wehrli was a two-time All-Big 8 player and was the Big 8 Defensive Player of the Year as a senior and that same year, he was a unanimous All-America selection. Roger had ten interceptions, with seven coming in his senior season, also returning kickoffs. In 1968, his 40 punt returns and 12-yard return average led the nation, to finish off an 8-3 season, Wehrli had a decisive interception to help lead the Missouri to a 35-10 victory over the University of Alabama in the Gator Bowl. At the time of his College Hall of Fame induction he held records for career punt returns, punt return yards in a game, season. He played in the Senior Bowl and was named to the 50-year Anniversary All-Senior Bowl team, Wehrli was a member of the first class of inductees into the Missouri Sports Hall of Fame, located in Springfield. He was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 2003, Wehrli is the 13th person with ties to the University of Missouri to be inducted into the College Hall of Fame. In 1990, Wehrli was voted a member of the University of Missouri Intercollegiate Athletics Hall of Fame. Wehrlis outstanding attribute was his speed, originally expected to be taken in the third round, he ran a 4.540 yard dash and vaulted into the first round. Hall of Fame quarterback Roger Staubach has called Wehrli the best cornerback he played against, in his career, Wehrli had 40 career interceptions for 309 yards and recovered 19 fumbles. He was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2007, when inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame, he became the second Missouri player to be elected, joining former tight end Kellen Winslow, who was enshrined in 1995. Wehrli was inducted into the Cardinals Ring of Honor on October 14,2007, an All-Rookie choice in 1969, Wehrli was voted All-Pro in 1970 and was a consensus All-NFC selection including being voted to the Pro Bowl

36.
Arizona
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Arizona is a state in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the Western United States and the Mountain West states and it is the sixth largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix, Arizona is one of the Four Corners states. It has borders with New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, California, and Mexico, Arizonas border with Mexico is 389 miles long, on the northern border of the Mexican states of Sonora and Baja California. Arizona is the 48th state and last of the states to be admitted to the Union. Historically part of the territory of Alta California in New Spain, after being defeated in the Mexican–American War, Mexico ceded much of this territory to the United States in 1848. The southernmost portion of the state was acquired in 1853 through the Gadsden Purchase, Southern Arizona is known for its desert climate, with very hot summers and mild winters. There are ski resorts in the areas of Flagstaff, Alpine, in addition to the Grand Canyon National Park, there are several national forests, national parks, and national monuments. To the European settlers, their pronunciation sounded like Arissona, the area is still known as alĭ ṣonak in the Oodham language. Another possible origin is the Basque phrase haritz ona, as there were numerous Basque sheepherders in the area, There is a misconception that the states name originated from the Spanish term Árida Zona. See also lists of counties, islands, rivers, lakes, state parks, national parks, Arizona is in the Southwestern United States as one of the Four Corners states. Arizona is the sixth largest state by area, ranked after New Mexico, of the states 113,998 square miles, approximately 15% is privately owned. The remaining area is public forest and park land, state trust land, Arizona is well known for its desert Basin and Range region in the states southern portions, which is rich in a landscape of xerophyte plants such as the cactus. This regions topography was shaped by volcanism, followed by the cooling-off. Its climate has hot summers and mild winters. The state is well known for its pine-covered north-central portion of the high country of the Colorado Plateau. Like other states of the Southwest United States, Arizona has an abundance of mountains, despite the states aridity, 27% of Arizona is forest, a percentage comparable to modern-day France or Germany. The worlds largest stand of pine trees is in Arizona

Fort Ord is a former United States Army post on Monterey Bay of the Pacific Ocean coast in California, which closed in …

Stillwell Hall, the Fort Ord Soldiers Club in 1992. Stilwell Hall was the largest soldiers' club constructed in the west, in 1943. Named to honor General "Vinegar Joe" Stilwell, it was built in Mission Revival style.

Wildflowers at Fort Ord

US Department of the Interior Secretary Ken Salazar unveils the Fort Ord National Monument sign.

PSA 182 crash site as it appeared in 2010: Looking west down Dwight St., Nile Street intersection is in foreground; Boundary St. intersection in background. The initial impact was about 30 feet to the right of the photographer, on Nile St.

The I formation is one of the most common offensive formations in American football. The I formation draws its name …

This is an example of an I formation in an NFL game. The Pittsburgh Steelers (black and yellow) are set in the I formation with one tight end and two wide receivers. The New York Jets (white and green) are lined up in a 4-3 defensive formation.

Texas Longhorns in the I formation. From top to bottom: tailback, fullback, quarterback, center