Mexico

Risk level(s)

MEXICO - Exercise a high degree of caution

There is no nationwide advisory in effect for Mexico. However, you should exercise a high degree of caution due to high levels of criminal activity, as well as demonstrations, protests and occasional illegal roadblocks throughout the country.

Northern states - Avoid non-essential travel

Global Affairs Canada advises against non-essential travel to the following northern states due to high levels of violence, linked mainly to organized crime:

Chihuahua

Coahuila (except the city of Saltillo)

Durango

Nuevo León (except the city of Monterrey)

Sinaloa (except the city of Mazatlán)

Sonora (except the cities of Hermosillo and Guaymas/San Carlos)

Tamaulipas.

Exercise a high degree of caution in the cities that are excluded from the above advisory.

Western states - Avoid non-essential travel

Global Affairs Canada advises against non-essential travel to the western states of Guerrero (including Acapulco but excluding the cities of Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo and Taxco) and Michoacán (excluding the city of Morelia) due to the high levels of violence and organized crime.

Travel Health Notice - Zika virus

The Public Health Agency of Canada has issued advice for travellers on the Zika virus, recommending that Canadians practice special health precautions while travelling in affected countries. Pregnant women and those considering becoming pregnant should avoid travel to Mexico. See Health for more information.

Safety and security

We strongly recommend travelling to Mexico by air to avoid land border crossings, particularly in the northern states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sonora and Tamaulipas.

In northern Mexico, particularly along the border with the United States, organized crime and urban violence greatly affect security. Confrontations between organized criminal groups and Mexican authorities continue to pose a problem. Shootouts, attacks and illegal roadblocks may occur without warning. Avoid inter-city road travel in the northern states. Heavily armed gangs have attacked travelers driving through the state of Tamaulipas and on several highways in the states of Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León and Sinaloa. Criminals especially target sport utility vehicles and full-size pickup trucks for theft and carjacking along highways.

In the city of Monterrey, avoid travelling outside the suburb of San Pedro or other well-populated areas after evening rush hour.

Criminal activity is high in the states of Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán and Nayarit. Illegal roadblocks and demonstrations are common. The deterioration of the security situation is particularly noticeable in the rural areas of Guerrero and Michoacán. Vigilante militias have fired at vehicles that did not stop at their roadblocks.

Crime

Crime rates in Mexico are high. Arrest and detention rates are low and contribute to higher levels of criminality. The level of crime in resorts and major tourist cities and destinations is relatively low compared to the national average.

More than 2.1 million Canadians travel to Mexico each year, the vast majority of them without incident.

If you are the victim of a crime, report it immediately to the local branch of the state prosecutor’s office (Agencia del Ministerio Público) nearest to the crime scene. No criminal investigation is possible without a formal complaint to Mexican authorities. Complaints must be made in person before leaving Mexico. You must present photo identification. It is especially important to report the loss or theft of your identification documents, both to Mexican authorities and to the nearest Canadian consular point of service in Mexico, in order to protect yourself should the documents later be misused.

Organized crime

Although it does not target tourists, violence related to organized crime has been on the rise throughout the country in 2017, including in the states of Quintana Roo and Baja California Sur.

Criminal groups, including drug cartels, are very active in Mexico. ‎Clashes between cartels or gangs over territory, drugs and smuggling routes are common, resulting in a high level of violence. Mexican citizens and government officials are also targets of violent crime, including kidnapping, extortion and homicide.

Foreigners may be in the wrong place at the wrong time, and could become victims of violent crime. Remain vigilant, stay in tourist areas and follow local media closely. Be very cautious on major highways and in rural areas. Avoid travelling at night.

In some parts of the country, military, navy and federal police forces have been deployed to combat organized crime and improve security conditions. They maintain a visible presence by patrolling the streets, setting up roadblocks and conducting random vehicle checks. Armed clashes between security forces and criminal groups do occur in certain areas without warning. Bystanders could get caught in the crossfire.

Theft

Theft—including armed robbery, purse snatching and pickpocketing—is common in Mexico. If you are threatened by robbers, stay calm and do not resist. Tourists have been injured while trying to resist armed robberies. Be aware of your surroundings at all times, even in areas normally considered safe. Take precautions to secure your belongings and minimize your risk of becoming a target for thieves. Always keep your luggage secure. Stay in hotels and resorts with good security. While swimming in resort areas, leave your passport and valuables in the hotel safe, not in your hotel room or on the beach. Dress down and avoid wearing expensive jewelry.

Foreigners have been targets of robberies that sometimes involve assault. Robbers will follow a victim after they exchange or withdraw money at airports, currency exchange bureaus (casas de cambio) and automated banking machines (ABMs). Avoid withdrawing or exchanging money in public areas of the airport. If you must make a financial transaction at the airport, ensure only small amounts are involved and make the transaction within the customs area.

Only withdraw or exchange money at ABMs or exchange bureaus during the day or inside reputable financial institutions, hotels and malls; avoid street-side withdrawals and exchanges. This will help you avoid card skimming (i.e. the illegal collection of data from the magnetic strip of a credit or debit card). Always hide the keypad when entering your personal identification number, even if nobody else is around. Keep your credit card in sight when paying for goods and services.

Canadians have been robbed on buses, usually at night. Keep an eye on your luggage, money and personal documents at all times.

Assault

Foreigners have been physically and sexually assaulted. In some cases, hotel employees, taxi drivers and security personnel at popular tourist destinations were involved. Ensure your accommodations have adequate security features (such as cameras and security guards with radios), as not all resorts offer the same level of security.

Avoid walking after dark, especially alone, and avoid deserted or under-populated areas. Only go to bars and nightclubs in a group and avoid separating from the group. Avoid excessive alcohol consumption, and do not accept invitations or rides from strangers or recent acquaintances, as these can make you a more vulnerable target for criminals. In cases of sexual assault, police authorities will order a medical examination.

Women’s safety

Female travellers should exercise caution when dealing with strangers or recent acquaintances. Consult our publication entitled Her Own Way: A Woman’s Safe-Travel Guide for travel safety information for Canadian women.

Spiked food and drinks

Be wary of accepting snacks, beverages, gum or cigarettes from new acquaintances or strangers, including taxi drivers, as the items may contain drugs that could put you at risk of sexual assault and robbery.

Kidnappings

Mexico has one of the highest kidnapping rates in the world. Kidnappers target both the wealthy and middle class. Foreigners are not specifically targeted but may be if perceived as being wealthy. Canadian citizens (and contractors working for Canadian businesses) are kidnapped mainly in the areas included in the regional advisory for the northern states, mostly in areas that are not under police and security forces control. If you are kidnapped, comply with the kidnappers’ requests and do not attempt to resist them.

Express kidnappings (i.e. attempts to get quick cash in exchange for the release of an individual) occur in large urban areas. Thieves most commonly work in cooperation with, or pose as, taxi drivers. They force victims to use their debit or credit card to withdraw money from ABMs in exchange for their release. Victims are sometimes held overnight so that a second withdrawal up to the victim’s daily bank withdrawal limit can be made the following day. To reduce your risk of becoming a victim, only use the taxi services located at major hotels or call a reputable taxi company, do not show signs of affluence and be aware of your surroundings at all times.

Gangs and other criminals throughout Mexico also commonly commit virtual kidnapping. This is a form of extortion where a perpetrator identifies a person who is temporarily unreachable by cell phone or email, or steals their cell phone, and then contacts that person’s family claiming that their loved one has been kidnapped and demanding an immediate ransom for their release. When the family members cannot reach their loved one in Mexico, they assume that the person has been kidnapped.

Perpetrators use various means of gathering information about potential victims, including using social media sites or eavesdropping on conversations. Do not discuss travel plans, your room number or any other personal information within earshot of strangers. Do not divulge personal business details to strangers in person or over the phone, especially when using hotel phones. Hotel guests are targeted in a scam where hotel staff are complicit in the virtual kidnapping crime. If you are threatened or harassed on the phone, hang up immediately. Scam artists have also gathered information on luggage tags in hotel lobbies and later convinced guests to give them their contact information in Canada. Afterward, the scammers have called parents of travelling Canadians to report that their child has been detained or hospitalized and have requested that money be wired to Mexico. If this occurs, parents or friends should request the name and note the number of the caller and report the call to local police in Canada.

Report any kidnapping, physical or virtual, to the local Mexican police and to the Embassy of Canada to Mexico in Mexico City, the nearest Canadian consulate or the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa (see Assistance).

Scams

Legitimate police officers have extorted money from tourists or arrested tourists for minor offences or traffic violations. If this occurs, do not hand over your money or your passport. Instead, ask for the officer’s name, badge and patrol car number, and a copy of the written fine, which is payable at a later date; also, note the location of the arrest. If you think the fine is not justified, file a complaint at the nearest tourism office or local branch of the state prosecutor’s office (Agencia del Ministerio Público).

Police officers have also targeted rental cars to extort money from passengers.

Demonstrations

Demonstrations occur regularly throughout the country. Protests and roadblocks are common in Mexico City, including to and from the airport, and in the states of Chiapas, Guerrero, Michoacán and Oaxaca. Such incidents may last a long time, leading to shortages of fresh food, medicine and gasoline, as well as interruption of inter-city bus transportation.

Avoid large gatherings, which could erupt in violence at any time. Foreigners are forbidden from participating in political demonstrations. Offenders may be detained, deported and denied re-entry into Mexico. Monitor local media reports for up-to-date information and follow the advice of local authorities.

Road safety

Mexican driving styles and road safety standards are very different from those in Canada. Police do not regularly patrol the highways. Drivers do not observe speed limits, indicate lane changes or stop at red lights. Pedestrians should be extremely cautious at all times. Fatal hit-and-run accidents occur.

Avoid road travel at night between cities throughout the country. Toll (cuota) highways are typically safer and better maintained than secondary highways. Overnight, ensure that you only stop in major centres, at reputable hotels or at secure campsites. At all times, keep your car doors locked and the windows rolled up, especially at traffic lights, where you can be a target for thieves. Do not leave valuables in the vehicle.

Rent cars that do not have stickers or other advertisements for the rental company on them so that your vehicle blends in with those of the general population.

The military searches for drugs and firearms at military checkpoints throughout the country. Remain calm and cooperate.

In the event of a vehicle breakdown or roadside emergency, the Green Angels (Angeles Verdes), a highway patrol service offered by Mexico’s Ministry of Tourism (Secretaría de Turismo de México or SECTUR), provides free assistance on all major toll highways from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. In case of an emergency, dial 078 or 01 800 006 8839 (toll free in Mexico). Ensure that the insurance coverage on your credit card is sufficient. Mexican liability insurance is mandatory.

Taxis

Avoid hailing taxis on the street. Use reputable taxis companies, such as online transportation companies, hotel taxis or taxis based at designated stands (sitios). In Mexico City, all government-authorized taxis have licence plates starting with “A” or “B.” Taxis from designated stands have both the logo of their company and the plate number stamped on the side of the car. Always ask the dispatcher for the driver’s name and the taxi’s licence plate number, model and colour.

When arriving at Benito Juárez International Airport in Mexico City, pre-pay the taxi fare inside the airport and ask to see the driver’s official identification. You can also hire a taxi from a reputable online transportation network company.

Public transportation

Although public transportation is relatively safe, be vigilant in airports, at bus stations and on buses. The Mexico City metro is often very crowded and a popular place for pickpocketing. There are metro cars located at the front of the trains dedicated to women and children during rush hours only. Avoid travelling late at night and during rush hour, if possible, and exercise caution at all times.

When travelling to other cities, use bus companies that offer first or executive class transportation. These buses only travel on toll roads, which lowers the risks of targeted roadblocks and robberies. For longer distances, fly whenever possible.

Air travel

The Government of Canada does not assess foreign domestic airlines’ compliance with international aviation safety standards. See Foreign domestic airlines for more information.

Recreational activities and rentals

Ensure that the recreational activities you choose are covered by your travel insurance and that sporting and aquatic equipment is safe and in good condition, especially for scuba diving. Many operators do not conduct regular safety checks.

Canadians have been involved in accidents where operators of recreational vehicles, such as watercrafts, have demanded compensation exceeding the value of the damage caused to the vehicle or equipment.

The number of moped and scooter accidents involving tourists is increasing. Avoid renting from operators who do not provide insurance or a helmet.

Beaches and water activities

Strong currents and undertow are common on many of Mexico's beaches, and drownings of Canadians have occurred. Take posted warnings about swimming conditions seriously and familiarize yourself with the beach flagging system. Many beaches do not offer warnings of dangerous conditions or are not sufficiently supervised by lifeguards. Beach resort lifeguards may not always be prepared for emergencies. When in doubt, consult hotel staff or local authorities

Storm swells (known locally as mar de fondo) generally occur on the west coast of Mexico between May and November and can result in one- to four-metre high waves. The period of unusually high waves can last for several hours or days. Avoid swimming in the ocean, walking on the beach and practicing any water sports when a mar de fondo alert is issued by local authorities. Follow the instructions of lifeguards and civil protection authorities, and withdraw all small vessels from the sea and safeguard them.

General security information

Monitor local news sources on a regular basis to learn about events that could affect your personal safety. Leave your itinerary and contact information with friends or family in Canada.

Hitchhiking is not a common practice in Mexico and is strongly discouraged.

Exercise caution when standing close to balcony railings, as falls have resulted in deaths and injuries. Height standards for balcony railings in Mexico can be considerably lower than those in Canada.

Entry/exit requirements

Entry/exit requirements

It is the sole prerogative of every country or territory to determine who is allowed to enter or exit. Canadian consular officials cannot intervene on your behalf if you do not meet entry or exit requirements. The following information has been obtained from the Mexican authorities and is subject to change at any time. The country- or territory-specific entry/exit requirements are provided on this page for information purposes only. While every effort is made to provide accurate information, information contained here is provided on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, express or implied. The Government of Canada assumes no responsibility, and shall not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided. It is your responsibility to check with the Embassy of the United Mexican States or one of its consulates for up-to-date information.

Passport

Canadian citizens, including those with dual citizenship, must present a valid passport in order to enter and exit Mexico. The passport must be valid until the date of expected departure from Mexico. Before you leave, ask your transportation company about its requirements related to passport validity, which may be more stringent than the country’s entry rules.

Temporary passport holders may be subject to different entry requirements. Check with diplomatic representatives for up-to-date information.

Official (special and diplomatic) passport holders must consult the Official Travel page, as they may be subject to different entry requirements.

Visas

Canadians seeking to enter Mexico as tourists do not require a visa.

If you are travelling to Mexico for purposes other than tourism, you must have a proper visa. Foreigners involved in unauthorized activities will be expelled. Consult the Embassy of Mexico in Canada for more information.

Canadians travelling to the northern border zone (within 21 kilometres of the U.S. border) for work do not require a visa for stays of 72 hours or less.

Business visa: required Work visa: required Student visa: required

You should apply for your visa yourself. If a prospective employer is processing your business (or work) visa for you, obtain copies of all correspondence between the employer and Mexican immigration authorities, and verify that these copies are stamped by the immigration authorities as proof that your papers are being processed. You should also request a receipt from your employer for any document (your Canadian passport, for example) that you provide for purposes of obtaining the visa. You should not surrender your passport to your employer.

Tourist card

Canadians must obtain a tourist card, called the Multiple Migratory Form for Foreigners or FMM, from their airline or immigration authorities at Mexican points of entry. To obtain a tourist card, Canadians must present a valid passport. If you do not obtain a tourist card upon arrival, your entry will be considered illegal and you may be fined, detained or expelled from the country.

Canadian tourists do not require a tourist card for stays of 72 hours or less within the northern border zone.

Ensure that immigration authorities stamp your tourist card upon arrival, regardless of your mode of transportation. If you enter Mexico by land, it is your responsibility to stop at the immigration facility located at the border. Consult the Embassy of Mexico in Canada for more information on land border entry.

Authorities can demand to see your tourist card at any time. You must carry the original at all times and surrender it when leaving Mexico or face a fine and/or expulsion.

Length of stay

An immigration official will determine the number of days during which you can remain in Mexico. In most cases, you will be granted the maximum 180 days. You will not be able to request an extension or change the condition of your stay from inside the country.

Tourism tax

All visitors to Mexico must pay a tourism tax (approximately US$20). This fee is normally included in airline ticket prices. Visitors arriving by road (car or bus) or sea will be asked to pay this fee at any bank in Mexico. There is a bank representative at every port of entry. The bank receipt must be attached to the tourist card for submission at departure.

You are exempt from paying this tax if:

you are entering by land for tourism purposes, and your stay will not exceed seven days

you are travelling to the northern border zone for less than 72 hours

you are travelling to Mexico on a cruise ship.

Dual citizenship

Dual citizens entering and leaving Mexico must identify themselves as Mexican citizens. Canadian-Mexican dual citizens must carry valid travel documents for both countries. A Canadian citizenship certificate is not a travel document. See Laws and culture for additional information.

Criminal records

Canadians with a criminal record may be refused entry and returned to Canada on the next available flight. Contact the Embassy of Mexico in Canada prior to making travel arrangements.

Children and travel

Children need special documentation to visit certain countries. See Children for more information.

Yellow fever

See Health to obtain information on this country’s vaccination requirements.

Routine Vaccines

Vaccines to Consider

You may be at risk for these vaccine-preventable diseases while travelling in this country. Talk to your travel health provider about which ones are right for you.

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A is a disease of the liver spread through contaminated food and water or contact with an infected person. All those travelling to regions with a risk of hepatitis A infection should get vaccinated.

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is a disease of the liver spread through blood or other bodily fluids. Travellers who may be exposed (e.g., through sexual contact, medical treatment, sharing needles, tattooing, acupuncture or occupational exposure) should get vaccinated.

Influenza

Seasonal influenza occurs worldwide. The flu season usually runs from November to April in the northern hemisphere, between April and October in the southern hemisphere and year round in the tropics. Influenza (flu) is caused by a virus spread from person to person when they cough or sneeze or by touching objects and surfaces that have been contaminated with the virus. Get the flu shot.

Measles

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease and is common in most parts of the world. Be sure your measles vaccination is up-to-date regardless of your travel destination.

Rabies

Rabies is a deadly illness spread to humans through a bite, scratch or lick from an infected animal. Vaccination should be considered for travellers going to areas where rabies exists and who have a high risk of exposure (i.e., close contact with animals, occupational risk, and children).

Yellow Fever - Country Entry Requirements

Yellow fever is a disease caused by a flavivirus from the bite of an infected mosquito.

Travellers get vaccinated either because it is required to enter a country or because it is recommended for their protection.

Risk

There is no risk of yellow fever in this country.

Country Entry Requirement*

Proof of vaccination is not required to enter this country.

Recommendation

Vaccination is not recommended.

* It is important to note that country entry requirements may not reflect your risk of yellow fever at your destination. It is recommended that you contact the nearest diplomatic or consular office of the destination(s) you will be visiting to verify any additional entry requirements.

Travellers' diarrhea is the most common illness affecting travellers. It is spread from eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Risk of developing travellers' diarrhea increases when travelling in regions with poor standards of hygiene and sanitation. Practise safe food and water precautions.

The most important treatment for travellers' diarrhea is rehydration (drinking lots of fluids). Carry oral rehydration salts when travelling.

Typhoid

Typhoid is a bacterial infection spread by contaminated food or water. Risk is higher for children, travellers going to rural areas, visiting friends and relatives or travelling for a long period of time. Travellers visiting regions with typhoid risk, especially those exposed to places with poor sanitation should speak to a health care provider about vaccination.

There is currently an outbreak of chikungunya in this country. Chikungunya is a viral disease spread through the bite of an infected mosquito that typically causes fever and pain in the joints. Protect yourself from mosquito bites, particularly around sunrise and sunset. There is no vaccine available for chikungunya.

Dengue fever

Dengue fever occurs in this country. Dengue fever is a viral disease that can cause severe flu-like symptoms. In some cases it leads to dengue haemorrhagic fever, which can be fatal.

The risk of dengue is higher during the daytime, particularly at sunrise and sunset.

Protect yourself from mosquito bites. There is no vaccine or medication that protects against dengue fever.

Zika virus infection

Zika virus infection is a risk in this country. Recent or ongoing cases of Zika virus have been reported in this country.

Malaria

There is a risk of malaria in certain areas and/or during a certain time of year in this country.

Malaria is a serious and occasionally fatal disease that is spread by the bite of an infected mosquito. There is no vaccine against malaria.

Protect yourself from mosquito bites. This includes covering up, using insect repellent and staying in enclosed air-conditioned accommodations. You may also consider pre-treating clothing and travel gear with insecticides and sleeping under an insecticide-treated bednet.

Antimalarial medication may be recommended depending on your itinerary and the time of year you are travelling. See a health care provider or visit a travel health clinic, preferably six weeks before you travel to discuss your options.

Animals

Animals and Illness

Travellers are cautioned to avoid contact with animals, including dogs, monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats. Some infections found in Central America and Mexico, like rabies, can be shared between humans and animals.

Person-to-Person

Person-to-Person Infections

Crowded conditions can increase your risk of certain illnesses. Remember to wash your hands often and practice proper cough and sneeze etiquette to avoid colds, the flu and other illnesses.

Medical services and facilities

Medical services are easily available in large cities but limited in remote areas. Standards of patient care differ from those in Canada and vary greatly among medical facilities, especially in beach resort areas. Make sure you have adequate travel health insurance and accessible funds to cover the cost of any medical treatment and medical evacuation, if required. Contact your insurance company promptly if you are referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Private hospitals and clinics in major cities offer good-quality care but are generally expensive and expect payment in advance. Many will not agree to deal directly with medical insurance companies. Be prepared to pay for treatment yourself and then request a refund from your insurer. If medical services are required, contact your tour representative or the closest Canadian government office to obtain a list of reputable facilities and physicians in the area.

Medication

Pharmacies in main cities carry most medicines. It is advisable to consult a physician before purchasing medicine in Mexico. If you take prescription medication, bring along an adequate supply and a copy of the prescription. Ensure that both the generic and trade names of the drug are stated.

Health tips

When travelling to Mexico City, you may experience health problems caused by high altitude or by air pollution, which is at its peak during the winter months. Individuals with heart, lung or respiratory problems should consult their doctor before booking their trip.

Keep in Mind...

The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety.

Be prepared. Do not expect medical services to be the same as in Canada. Pack a travel health kit, especially if you will be travelling away from major city centres.

Laws & culture

Penalties for breaking the law in Mexico can be more severe than in Canada, even for similar offences.

Penalties for drug offences are very strict, and convicted offenders can expect lengthy jail sentences.

Avoid any involvement with illegal substances or people who deal with them.

Avoid borrowing a vehicle or picking up hitchhikers. Drivers are legally responsible for their vehicle’s contents and the legal status of passengers and the items they carry.

The Mexican government strictly enforces its laws concerning possession, importation and trafficking of firearms. Anyone (including foreign armed forces personnel) entering Mexico with a firearm or ammunition without prior written authorization from Mexican authorities is subject to imprisonment. It is also illegal to enter the country with certain types of knives. You can obtain a complete list of forbidden items and import permit requirements from the Embassy of Mexico in Canada.

It is illegal to drink alcoholic beverages in non-designated public areas. The minimum age at which people are legally allowed to purchase or consume alcoholic beverages is 18 years old.

It is illegal to possess archaeological artefacts or to export such items from Mexico.

Dual citizenship

Dual citizenship is legally recognized in Mexico. However, Canadian officials may be limited in their ability to provide you with consular services if local authorities consider you a Mexican citizen. Dual citizens must identify themselves as Mexican citizens during their stay in the country. Citizenship is determined solely by national laws, and the decision to recognize dual citizenship rests completely with the country in which you are located when seeking consular assistance. See Travelling as a dual citizen for more information.

Customs

Tourists may bring in their personal effects duty free. Failure to declare personal effects will result in their confiscation and a fine. Mexican customs provides information regarding entry into Mexico by air or land. When carrying more than US$10,000 or the equivalent in other currencies, cash, cheques, money orders or any other monetary instrument, you must declare the amount exceeding US$10,000. Failure to make this declaration is against Mexican law and often results in detention.

If you wish to donate goods, contact the Embassy of Mexico in Canada before sending or importing goods to Mexico to fulfill the importation permit requirements.

Identity documents

The names on your identity documents (generally your passport) must be identical to those on your birth certificate to obtain official Mexican documents, such as marriage certificates, immigration documents or passports. Many Canadians have encountered significant difficulties due to this requirement, as middle names are often left off Canadian identity documents. If you plan on residing in Mexico or dealing with the Mexican Civil Registry (Registro Civil), obtain a Canadian passport that will meet Mexican requirements.

Driving

You may drive in Mexico with a valid Canadian driver’s licence. The police sometimes ask foreign drivers to show identification and proof of their legal status in Mexico. Always carry valid photo identification, your Canadian passport, visa and other pertinent documents. Leave a certified copy of your vehicle registration with relatives or friends in Canada.

Renting vehicles

If you rent a car, the rental contract must be in your name and include a full description of the vehicle. If driving a company-owned vehicle, you must produce proof of employment with the company and the company’s ownership of the vehicle.

Auto insurance

Canadian automobile insurance is not valid in Mexico. You must obtain additional insurance at the Mexican border. You should obtain full coverage, including coverage for legal assistance. Automobile insurance is much more expensive in Mexico than in Canada. Many local drivers do not have any form of car insurance.

Auto accidents and driving infractions

In case of an accident or theft of your vehicle, you should immediately obtain a police report from the nearest local branch of the state prosecutor’s office (Agencia del Ministerio Público) and present it within five days to the Mexico City customs office (aduanas) to cancel the Temporary Vehicle Importation Permit.

If you are involved in a traffic accident, you may face serious legal problems, including imprisonment. You could be taken into custody until responsibility for the accident is determined and all penalties are paid. If you do not have Mexican liability insurance, you could be prevented from leaving the country until all parties agree that adequate financial satisfaction has been received. Depending on the extent of injuries or damages, drivers may face criminal charges.

If a driver is found to be under the influence of alcohol or drugs at the time of an accident, or if the driver has no valid driver’s licence, their insurance is considered invalid.

If you receive a fine for a driving infraction in certain parts of the country, the issuing police officer will retain your driver’s licence or registration until the fine is paid. Expect delays in recovering the document.

Driving restrictions

In order to reduce air pollution, there are time and day restrictions on driving in Mexico City and other regions of the country. Based on licence plate numbers, there is at least one day each week and two Saturdays per month when driving is forbidden. This applies equally to permanent, temporary and foreign plates. These regulations are strictly enforced. Offenders face heavy fines and temporary confiscation of their vehicle.

A supplementary driving restriction is in effect in Mexico City. Only vehicles bearing plates from the State of México (Estado de México) or the Federal District (Distrito Federal) are allowed to circulate from Monday to Friday from 5 a.m. to 11 a.m. and Saturdays from 5 a.m. to 10 p.m. For more information, consult the city’s environment ministry, Secretaría del Medio Ambiente (in Spanish).

An exemption to this driving restriction may be obtained for cars with foreign plates by requesting a tourist pass (Pase Turístico), which is granted either for two periods of seven days or one period of 14 days within a six-month period. In order to obtain the tourist pass, you must register at Pase Turístico (in Spanish).

If you wish to travel with your car beyond the northern border zone, you must obtain the Temporary Vehicle Importation Permit (Solicitud de importación temporal de vehículos). This permit can only be obtained at the port of entry or online at Banco Nacional del Ejército, Fuerza Aérea y Armada before crossing into Mexico.

You are only allowed to bring one vehicle into the country at a time. You may not tow a vehicle with a recreational vehicle unless it is registered to a different owner who is travelling with you. The second vehicle cannot weigh more than 3.5 tons. It is your responsibility to obtain the permit through the Banco Nacional del Ejército, Fuerza Aérea y Armada 10 to 180 days before departure. You may also obtain a permit from a Mexican consulate in the United States (in Albuquerque, Austin, Dallas, Denver, Houston, Los Angeles, Phoenix, Sacramento and San Bernardino), a customs office located along the U.S.-Mexico border or, in some cases, within an authorized border zone. Watch for signs indicating customs checkpoints and bank locations (where permits can be issued and cancelled).

If you stay beyond the date indicated on the Temporary Vehicle Importation Permit, your vehicle may be seized.

When leaving Mexico, you must return your Temporary Vehicle Importation Permit in person and in the vehicle with which you entered the country, to any customs office at the border so that the permit can be cancelled. Keep a copy of the cancellation documents. Neither the Canadian embassy in Mexico City nor the Embassy of Mexico in Ottawa can return these permits on behalf of Canadian citizens. It is not permissible to mail your permit to the border point. While the permit is in effect, you will be unable to import another vehicle into Mexico. You may be able to cancel the permit on a future visit to Mexico if you enter at the same border point with the same vehicle; however, a fine may be imposed.

In cases where the permit holder cannot exit the country with the vehicle (for example, in case of death or sickness), the person driving the car out of Mexico must be a foreigner with a valid tourist card and have documentation to prove the relationship with the car owner, such as a marriage or birth certificate.

It is the owner’s responsibility to obtain the import permit for a boat through the Banco Nacional del Ejército, Fuerza Aérea y Armada 7 to 60 days before departure. Permits can also be obtained from a Mexican consulate located in Albuquerque, Austin, Dallas, Denver, Houston, Los Angeles, Sacramento and San Bernardino. Further information and online application forms can be found at Banco Nacional del Ejército, Fuerza Aérea y Armada.

Buying/selling a vehicle

Foreigners who wish to buy a car in Mexico must be either temporary or permanent residents in Mexico, and must pay vehicle taxes and obtain Mexican licence plates. If you are interested in buying a car, consult local authorities.

It is illegal to sell your imported vehicle in Mexico. If you do, your vehicle may be seized and you may be subject to a fine and deportation.

Real estate

You may acquire real estate in Mexico. However, you should consult a lawyer, as real estate transactions, laws and practices can be complex and differ considerably from those in Canada. Choose your own lawyer or notary and avoid hiring the one recommended by the seller. Mexican real estate agents are not licensed or regulated.

Research potential property purchases carefully, as irregularities, most frequently title challenges, occur that may result in litigation and possible eviction. Trusts do not guarantee that the purchase is legitimate. Visit the local property registry (Registro de Propiedad) and ask to see the property registry to confirm the name of the last owner and that the property is free of any mortgage.

Reports of problems with timeshare arrangements (including cancellation of contracts and fraudulent sales) have increased. You may be approached by persistent timeshare representatives on the street, as well as at the airport or on the way to your hotel. Representatives use pressure tactics, such as insisting that promotions are only valid for that day or offering free tours, meals, gifts or alcoholic beverages.

Before purchasing a timeshare, gather as much information as possible, including researching the properties and getting a legal opinion. If you decide to buy, carefully review the contract. Anything not included in the contract will not be honoured. Only provide your credit card if you are certain you want to make the purchase.

Timeshare companies have requested that their clients sign a waiver that prevents them from cancelling the contract. This practice is illegal. Consumers are legally entitled to cancel a timeshare contract without penalty within five working days (starting from the day following the original date of purchase). Contracts must be cancelled in writing directly with the timeshare company. Keep copies of all correspondence.

Fraudulent companies and individuals may approach you claiming to have a buyer for your timeshare and asking you to pay taxes beforehand. After making this payment, Canadians have discovered that their timeshare was never sold.

Scam artists also often impersonate Mexican government officials. If you experience any difficulty with a timeshare company, or suspect fraud in real estate procedures, contact the Mexican Consumer Protection Agency (Procuraduría Federal del Consumidor or PROFECO) immediately.

If you are considering purchasing or selling property in Mexico, or suspect you may have fallen victim of a scam, consult a lawyer in Mexico specializing in real estate.

Rental accommodations

Rental agreements between two individuals in Mexico are considered a private matter and are not regulated by the government. If you encounter difficulties with a rental agreement and wish to take legal action, you must obtain the services of a Mexican lawyer.

Money

The currency is the Mexican peso (MXN/MXV). Automated banking machine services are available throughout the country. Canadian debit and credit cards are widely accepted; however, Canadian currency and traveller’s cheques are not. Some Canadians have recently reported that they were unable to withdraw cash from ABMs using Canadian debit cards. Consult with your bank before you travel.

There is a limit to the amount of U.S. dollars that residents and foreigners can exchange in Mexico, depending on your immigration status in Mexico. Although the rule does not apply to Canadian dollars, some financial institutions, hotels and currency exchange bureaus do not make the distinction.

Natural disasters and climate

Natural disasters & climate

In the event of a natural disaster such as a hurricane, earthquake, tsunami, landslide, flood or volcanic eruption, official information is available from the Mexican government’s national civil protection agency, Sistema Nacional de Protección Civil (in Spanish).

Hurricane season

The hurricane season extends from June to the end of November. The National Hurricane Center provides additional information on weather conditions. Stay informed of regional weather forecasts, and follow the advice and instructions of local authorities.

Rainy season

The rainy season extends from June to November, and flooding and mudslides occur during this time throughout the country.

Transportation routes may be affected. If you are planning to travel to possible affected areas, contact your airline or tour operator to determine whether the situation could disrupt your travel arrangements. Exercise caution, monitor local news and weather reports, and follow the advice of local authorities.

Seismic activity

Mexico is located in an active seismic zone. For further information, consult Mexico’s National Seismological Institute, Servicio Sismológico Nacional (in Spanish).

Some volcanoes in Mexico are active. You may obtain updated information on the status of the Colima volcano from the University of Colima’s Centre for Studies and Research of Volcanology, Centro Universitario de Estudios e Investigaciones de Volcanologia (in Spanish) and of the Popocatépetl volcano in central Mexico from Mexico’s national centre for disaster prevention, Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres or CENAPRED, (in Spanish).

For emergency consular assistance, call the Embassy of Canada in Mexico City and follow the instructions. At any time, you may also contact the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa.

Toll-free emergency numbers

The following toll-free numbers can be dialed from anywhere within the country of Mexico, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week:

To reach the Embassy of Canada in Mexico City: 01-800-706-2900Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa: 001-800-514-0129.

When making long-distance calls within Mexico, callers must dial 01, the area code, and the number; when calling internationally from Mexico to Canada or the United States, you must dial 001, the area code, and the number.

Risk Levels

Exercise normal security precautions

There are no significant safety and security concerns. The overall safety and security situation is similar to that of Canada. You should take normal security precautions.

Exercise a high degree of caution

There are identifiable safety and security concerns or the safety and security situation could change with little notice. You should exercise a high degree of caution at all times, monitor local media and follow the instructions of local authorities.

IMPORTANT: The two levels below are official Government of Canada Travel Advisories and are issued when the safety and security of Canadians travelling or living in the country may be compromised.

Avoid non-essential travel

There are specific safety and security concerns that could put you at risk. You should reconsider your need to travel to the country, territory or region. If you are already in the country, territory or region, you should reconsider whether or not you really need to be there. If not, you should consider leaving while it is still safe to do so. It is up to you to decide what “non-essential travel” means, based on family or business requirements, knowledge of or familiarity with a country, territory or region, and other factors.

Avoid all travel

There is an extreme risk to your personal safety and security. You should not travel to this country, territory or region. If you are already in the country, territory or region, you should consider leaving if it is safe to do so.

The decision to travel is your choice and you are responsible for your personal safety abroad. The Government of Canada takes the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provides credible and timely information in its Travel Advice to enable you to make well-informed decisions regarding your travel abroad. In the event of a large-scale emergency, every effort will be made to provide assistance. However, there may be constraints that will limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide services.