]]>At first mention, it seems an odd marriage – a burly pickup truck and fuel-saving hybrid technology – but General Motors brought it together with the GMC Sierra Hybrid (and its Chevy Silverado Hybrid sibling), at least for those who need their large vehicles and still hope to improve on gas mileage. The Sierra Hybrid pickup’s gasoline V8 engine and electric motors provide a not-insignificant 33-percent increase in overall fuel mileage and roughly 40-percent better mileage in city driving compared to the standard gasoline model. Those numbers make it difficult to understand why anyone would think hybrid technology is the exclusive domain of small or mid-size cars.

Today, pickup sales are overwhelmingly slanted toward buyers who truly need them; those in the building trades, service industries and agriculture. To meet the needs of buyers, the Sierra Hybrid trumpets the critical stats for full-size pickups. It can tow up to 6,100 pounds and still deliver 20 mpg city/23 highway and 21 combined. The Sierra Hybrid’s city fuel economy rating is better than a compact four-cylinder powered Toyota Tacoma, which can tow only 3,500 pounds.

For 2013, GMC continues to offer the Sierra Hybrid truck in just one body style, a four-door crew cab with a short box. Two trim levels are offered, 3HA and 3HB, and a choice of either two- or four-wheel drive. There are no significant changes for the 2013 model year.

Hybrid Powertrain

It’s no surprise that the Sierra shares the same hybrid system found in the Chevrolet Silverado, since both are built on the same platform and feature the same drivetrain. The hybrid hardware combines a tweaked 6.0-liter 332 horsepower V8 gasoline engine, a 300-volt nickel-metal hydride battery pack and a two-mode hybrid transmission, referred to at GM as an electrically variable transmission (EVT). The transmission houses two 60-kilowatt (89 horsepower) electric motor/generators along with three different planetary gearsets and four traditional clutches.

Essentially a combination of a traditional automatic transmission and a continuously variable one (CVT), EVT has two drive modes – hence the name “two-mode hybrid.” City driving – mode one – is where the hybrid powertrain gains the most fuel economy. During stop-and-go and city drives, the Sierra Hybrid can operate with electric power only, gas engine power only or a combination of both. Like other hybrids, the Sierra shuts the engine off when the vehicle stops, and when it’s time to go, the electric motors propel the big SUV to around 30 mph for a couple of miles. Regenerative braking recharges the battery pack located under the rear bench seat.

In the second mode, the 332 horsepower 6.0-liter V8 engine is the primary source of motivation, and one or both electric motors can run concurrently along with the engine in order to provide a power boost. If the Sierra is pulling a load, the transmission locks out the electrically variable gears and both electric motors. It shifts over to the four fixed gears, so the V8 is the sole source of power. A computer monitors the entire system and determines every 1/100th of a second what method is the most efficient means to propel the vehicle.

The EVT is a marvel in packaging. Engineers somehow crammed all of the hardware, including the electric motors, in the same space as the truck’s six-speed automatic transmission. Also, the EVT was designed to bolt directly to the standard four-wheel-drive transfer case found on the gasoline-only models, giving the hybrid true four-wheel-drive credentials.

The crux of the Sierra Hybrid’s powertrain is the V8 engine with cylinder deactivation technology – four of the eight cylinders take a break during light-load cruising when additional power is not needed. Camshaft phasing, and late-intake valve closure allows even more efficient engine operation.

Other fuel economy tricks include low-rolling-resistance tires, an electrically driven power steering that contributes about 0.5 mpg and a standard tonneau cover on the cargo bed, for better aerodynamics – cloth on the regular model, a three-piece hard shell if you get the luxury trim.

Styling, Cabin And Features

Overall styling of the 2013 Sierra is handsome, despite being around since model-year 2007. It’s a conservative design that relies on the power of the rectangle, emphasized by the big, squared-off chrome grille with big, red squared-off GMC letters. Flanking the grille are stacked, jeweled lens headlights. Slightly bulging elongated fender flares sweep behind the headlights.

Sierra’s hood has a pair of long, narrow V-shaped power bulges that lead back to a steeply raked windshield for improved aerodynamics resulting in enhanced highway fuel economy. Small hybrid badges on the front fenders are the only visual differences between the Hybrid and a gasoline Sierra.

The 2013 Sierra Hybrid’s cabin treats its passengers with roomy seats that are large, supportive and conducive to long periods in the saddle. In the base 3HA that’s a cloth covered 40/20/40 split bench seat up front that is power height adjustable for the driver. Combined with the rear bench, this configuration can seat up to six. Grab the premium 3HB and you’ll find comfortable leather bucket seats for the driver and the front companion. Regardless of model choices, this is a crew cab and there’s enough head, should and leg room that even with six people there’s a feeling of spaciousness.

The dashboard is simple with large controls – from the door handles to the radio and climate control knobs, most can be operated wearing work gloves. It’s a basic design, but logical and pleasant. A bonus is a large double glove box and lockable storage bin, big enough for a laptop (with its own 12-volt power outlet), built into the split front bench seat.

Stepping up to the 3HB adds power folding outside mirrors, rear parking sensors, power-adjustable pedals, leather upholstery, six-way power front bucket seats, a rearview camera, a Bose sound system, and a navigation system with a touchscreen interface and real-time traffic.

All models are equipped with StabiliTrak electronic stability control system, a locking rear axle and a trailering package. They also include standard dual-stage frontal air bags, head curtain side air bags and seat-mounted side impact air bags.

On The Road

GM’s press introduction of their two-mode hybrid pickups included both the GMC Sierra Hybrid and Chevy’s Silverado Hybrid. I spent equal time in both trucks and since then have driven the 2WD and 4WD Silverado Hybrids for hundreds of miles and both trucks returned fuel economy numbers at, or slightly above, the EPA estimates. I would expect similar performance from the Sierra Hybrid.

I found that accelerating from a stop rather briskly, and then easing off the accelerator to allow the electric motors to take over, gave us the most distance in electric-only drive up to around 30 mph. Same procedure works for implementing the V-4 operation of the engine – at around 40 mph, smoothly boost speed and then ease off. Of course when power acceleration is really needed, a quick, firm push on the accelerator unleashes the V8’s 332 horsepower and 367 pounds-feet of torque plus, assist from the electric motors.

Overall, the dual-mode system performs like GMC’s conventional pickup powertrain and is mostly transparent. It does add around 450 pounds of weight and delivers less towing and hauling capability, but it rides, handles, steers, brakes and goes about its daily business as well as any congenital Sierra.

Economics

If you are dead set on buying a hybrid pickup there are only two choices, the GMC Sierra Hybrid and its near twin Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid. Even though the Sierra is the more upscale of the two with more standard content, it is only around $400 more than the Silverado. The somewhat Spartan 3HA 2WD has a sticker price of $40,310; the 4WD is priced at $43,710. For a luxurious interior environment, the 3HB 2WD starts at $47,090 and jumps to $50,490 with 4WD. Both trim levels have a high content of standard features, and the hybrid powertrain adds roughly $3,500 to a comparable Sierra non-hybrid pickup, which returns just 15 mpg city/21 mpg highway and a combined 17 mpg.

Since a crew cab is the Sierra Hybrid’s only body style, appeal is somewhat limited. And, those needing either a longer bed or more than the 6,100 pound towing capacity, a regular Sierra or another brand may be the best option. If fuel economy and more towing/hauling capabilities are needed, Ford’s F-150 with the V6 EcoBoost engine is rated at 16 city/22 highway/18 combined and can tow 11,300 pounds. Comparably equipped, the F-150 starts close to $39,000.

When comparing the Sierra Hybrid’s price with other trucks, whether they’re GMCs or other brands, it’s important to look at the features, not just the base price. Both trim levels have an abundance of standard features and comparably equipped competitors will be close in price. So, if a pickup priced in the $40,000 to $45,000 range is what you are looking for, the Sierra Hybrid is worth a look. Plus, with oil climbing above $100 a barrel (again) and gas prices surging past $4 per gallon on their way to who knows where, spending a few thousand dollars to gain five or more mpg will seem like a very shrewd purchase.

What’s Next For The Sierra Hybrid?

General Motors’ had planned an all-new full-size pickup truck lineup including the Sierra Hybrid for the 2013 model year, but put off production as it worked its way through bankruptcy. A redesigned, re-engineered Sierra line is expected to debut as a 2014 model at the 2013 North American International Auto Show in January or 2013 Chicago Auto Show in February, with production beginning next October.

The big question is, will a Sierra Hybrid – or any of its sibling hybrid models – be included in the redesign? At this writing, it appears the answer is no.

We’ve reported that four sources told GM Inside News recently this was the case – but this news has not yet been confirmed by General Motors. The sources, believed to be reliable, said GM will discontinue development of its next-generation hybrid light trucks including the GMC Sierra and Yukon and Chevrolet Silverado and Tahoe. There is a possibility the Cadillac Escalade Hybrid may be carried forward, but it appears they may all be canceled unless GM says otherwise.

Should the Sierra Hybrid, and its corporate cousins, make an appearance as a 2014 model, fuel economy gains will come from weight reduction, a smaller displacement V8 engine, upgrading the battery to a lithium-ion pack, revised electric motors and possibly, an all-new four-mode electrically variable transmission.

Prices are Manufacturer Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) at time of publication and do not include destination charges, taxes or licensing.

]]>http://www.hybridcars.com/gmc-sierra-hybrid/feed/16Drive Report: GM's New Hybrid Pickupshttp://www.hybridcars.com/drive-report-gm-new-hybrid-pickups-25615/
http://www.hybridcars.com/drive-report-gm-new-hybrid-pickups-25615/#commentsFri, 27 Feb 2009 22:47:59 +0000http://127.0.0.1/wordpress12/?p=4996The full-size American pickup is perhaps the most utilitarian vehicle on the market. Now that most “lifestyle buyers” have left the segment—meaning fewer 110-pound soccer moms toting 60-pound kids in these 18-foot-long behemoths—the remaining truck buyers value capability above all else. So GM made sure the first pickup trucks that use its Two-Mode Hybrid system […]

]]>The full-size American pickup is perhaps the most utilitarian vehicle on the market. Now that most “lifestyle buyers” have left the segment—meaning fewer 110-pound soccer moms toting 60-pound kids in these 18-foot-long behemoths—the remaining truck buyers value capability above all else.

So GM made sure the first pickup trucks that use its Two-Mode Hybrid system would be fully as capable as their non-hybrid brethren. The 2WD versions of the 2009 Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid—and its all-but-identical twin, the 2009 GMC Sierra Hybrid—proudly trumpet the crucial stats for full-size pickups. They can tow up to 6,100 pounds and still deliver 21 mpg (city) / 22 mpg (highway). Each of the trucks started to reach dealers in early 2009.

At a February launch in San Antonio, Texas, GM offered an array of hybrid pickups. HybridCars.com also had the choice of towing a 5,400-pound SeaRay powerboat on its trailer, or a horse trailer with 5,100 pounds of ballast. Until now, no hybrid on earth could handle those loads—and no standard pickup capable of towing either could return more than 20 miles per gallon.

Fuel Economy and Payback

Of course, 22 mpg may still seem profligate to your average Toyota Prius driver. And it takes careful explanation to make the case that a truck this big helps cut US oil imports.

But let’s look at the math. GM says the hybrid powertrain adds roughly $3,000 to a comparable non-hybrid pickup, which returns just 14 mpg / 20 mpg. Racking up 10,000 miles a year, split equally between city and highway travel, the hybrid system saves about 140 gallons of gasoline annually. That’s more fuel than you would save by jumping from a Toyota Camry to a Camry Hybrid—although not quite as big a savings as switching from that conventional Camry to a Prius.

Currently, buyers are eligible for a $2,200 federal tax credit. That means the payback, using $2/gallon gasoline, is somewhere around four years—at least until GM’s credits expire (as those for Toyota and Honda already have; Ford credits are all but gone too). Spending more time in stop-and-go traffic, or racking up higher mileage, cuts the payback time. And if gasoline should return to the $4/gallon levels of summer 2008, payback would speed up even further.

Equipment

At least for now, the hybrid pickup is offered only as a four-door Crew Cab (GM’s most popular body style, with roughly a 45-percent share of sales). The engine is a 6.0-liter V8 that shuts off four of its eight cylinders under light loads. The standard trim level includes “pure American pickup” seating, a.k.a. a front bench seat; a luxury package adds goodies like leather bucket seats to make truck travel that much more comfortable.

You can choose 2WD or 4WD; the heavier 4WD system reduces both towing ability (5,900 pounds) and mileage (20 city / 20 highway). Buyers can opt for a few options, including a sunroof.

2009 GMC Sierra Hybrid.

The hybrid pickups have a few unique exterior features to set them apart from standard pickups. Most noticeable are the polished 18-inch wheels, which save weight, and the standard tonneau cover for better aerodynamics—cloth on regular models, a three-piece hard shell if you get luxury trim. The front air dam extends 11 mm further toward to the road. And GM’s characteristic chrome hybrid-logo-with-green-leaf is mounted on each front fender and the tailgate.

Under the skin, however, these trucks fit a 1.8-kilowatt-hour battery pack beneath the rear seat, and the Two-Mode Hybrid transmission replaces the standard truck automatic. To offset the added weight, the front lower control arms and differential shaft are made of aluminum. And GM engineered a special hydraulic bushing to attach the cab to the frame, damping new vibrations created by adding the 300-pound battery pack.

Driving Impressions

Anyone familiar with pickups of the 1970s and 1980s will appreciate just how refined these trucks have become. The crew cab model drives less like a truck and more like a full-size SUV, though its vertical rear window offers far better visibility.

Ride quality is good; only certain bumps and surfaces betray the solid rear axle. Everything felt solidly bolted together, and we heard no squeaks or rattles at all. At speed, wind noise was apparent, but tolerable.

Unlike GM’s full-size SUVs built from the same architecture, the pickups have a simple dashboard with larger controls. From the door handles to the radio knob, most can be operated wearing work gloves. It’s a basic design, but logical and pleasant enough.

These are large trucks, and tall. In many areas, as with full-size SUVs, traffic ahead often moves aside as the pickup looms in the rearview mirror. In Texas, though, every other vehicle seems to be a full-size pickup, so the Silverado Hybrid attracted zero attention—even in gleaming black paint with bright chrome wheels.

One complaint applies to all of GM’s other Two-Mode Hybrids: The “efficiency gauge” is confusing. It’s not immediately obvious what its unmarked green bar indicates, so it’s not clear whether drivers are supposed to keep the needle to the right or the left. As it turns out, the aim is to keep the needle centered. Too far to the right means you’re sucking gasoline, but too far to the left means you’ve exceeded the regenerative braking capacity and are wasting energy by using the friction brakes. Colors, symbols, or pictograms could go a long way here.

2009 Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid.

During driving, the engine switched itself off and on seamlessly, with the electronic control system providing a smooth flow of power from any combination of battery and engine. We didn’t get much more than 20 miles per hour on electric power, but the truck’s most impressive feat by far was towing that boat uphill—on electricity alone—for almost a minute.

GM has worked hard to improve the algorithms for its brake blending, and stopping was smoother than in earlier Two-Modes we’ve driven. Neither driver nor passengers noticed when the disc brakes kicked in on top of the regeneration.

Summary

True to the ratings, we measured 21.2 miles per gallon over a mixed 20-mile course of city and freeway driving. Our trailer towing was confined to a large loop around hotel grounds, so we didn’t measure mileage, but we’re confident it would be higher than the standard pickup’s.

If you need a full-size pickup truck, but want to use as little gasoline as possible, GM has built what may be the roughest, toughest hybrid this side of a transit bus. As long as the tax credits last, the payback period’s not bad, and if you’re OK with a crew-cab body, you won’t have to compromise any truck functionality. GM says pickup drivers are its most price-sensitive buyers, so the company thinks most hybrid pickups will be bought by fleets or other users whose duty cycles will keep the payback as short as possible.