I know that there are a number of different options out there for wirelessly syncing my Outlook items (Contacts, calendar, e-mails, etc.) such as BIS and BES, but as of this moment I do not believe that my company has anything set up to facilitate this. What would you guys suggest is the best way to accomplish this?

Outside of BES, and BlackBerry Professional Software, there is NO wireless syncing of those items.
You can set it to sync via a Bluetooth connection, but I don't think that is what you are askng about.

I did some quick investigating of those items and saw something about it being free with one license. Does that license referr to the amount of phones/users or the server/computer that it is on? Basically, I am just curious what's the most economical way to get 1-3 people at my office set up on this.

In addition to that, I had mentioned in another thread about editing signatures that I had not signed up for BIS or BES and yet was still able to set up all sorts of e-mail accounts on my phone despite comments that seemed to be to the contrary.