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Does the chalk on the board make you feel pain? Imagine if the voice could make you panic or get angry. This is a case called misophonia. Misophonia is hatred or very dislike of certain sounds.

Causes of Misophonia

What causes misophonia? Researchers do not know what causes misophonia. There seems to be higher interference among people who also have the following conditions:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Anxiety disorders

Tourette’s syndrome

This also seems to be more common in people who experience tinnitus. Tinnitus is a different disorder in which you hear sounds, like ringing in your ears, that no one else can hear.

According to Lerner, misophonia seems to be its own condition, but there must be overlapping with these other conditions. Many people who have these other things have misophonia, and the symptoms they produce are similar. For example, people who are anxious about misophonia may experience the same heart problems, sweating, and so on. From a stressful situation at home or work like hearing a certain sound. â €

While Johnson pointed out that over the years, people with misophonia were wrongly diagnosed with anxiety, phobias, and other disorders. But misophonia is a unique disorder with its own special characteristics, including the following:

The onset of misophonia is generally before puberty, with the first symptoms occurring most often between the ages of 9-12 years

More women than men have misophonia

People with misophonia tend to have a higher IQ

The initial trigger sound is usually an oral voice from a parent or family member, and new triggers emerge over time

There may be a genetic component because it often runs in families

What happens with misophonia? Misophonia is also known as a selective sound sensitivity syndrome, starting with a trigger. Often the voice comes from oral, sounds made when someone is eating, breathing, chewing, yawning or whistling. Sometimes repetitive small movements are the cause, when people feel uneasy or shake their legs.

If you have a mild misophonia reaction, you may feel:

Restless

Uncomfortable

Encouragement to escape

Disgusted

If the misophonia response is more severe, the voice can cause:

Anger

Emotion

Hatred

Panic

Afraid

Emotional pressure

The desire to kill or stop anything that makes noise

Feathers stand up

Suicidal thoughts

This disease can paralyze your social life. You might avoid restaurants or eat separately from your spouse, family, or roommate. Or worse, you can act on what you feel. You might attack people who are making sounds – either physically or verbally – crying, or running away from the situation.

Over time, you may respond to visual triggers, too. Seeing someone getting ready to eat or putting something in their mouth might make you uncomfortable.

Symptoms of Misophonia

The main characteristics of misophonia are extreme reactions, such as anger or aggression, to people who make certain sounds. The strength of the reaction and how an individual responds to conditions vary greatly. Some people may experience irritation and irritation, while others may become angry.

Both men and women can develop misophonia at any age, although people usually begin to show symptoms in their late childhood or early adolescence.

For many people, their first episode of misophonia is triggered by one particular sound, but additional sounds can carry responses over time. People with misophonia realize that their reaction to excessive sounds, and the intensity of their feelings can make them think they are losing control.

Research has identified responses, here are symptoms of misophonia:

Irritation turns into anger

Disgust turned into anger

Be verbally aggressive to people who make noise

Increasingly aggressive physically with objects, because of noise

Physically hitting the person making noise

Take action to dodge around the person who makes the trigger sound

Some people with this kind of sound sensitivity may begin to imitate sounds that trigger their aggressive angry reactions. Simply thinking about dealing with sounds that trigger misophonia can make people feel stressed and uncomfortable. In general, they may have more symptoms of anxiety, depression, and neurosis than others.

In addition to emotional responses, research has found that individuals with misophonia generally experience a number of physical reactions, including:

Pressure throughout the body, especially the chest

Muscle firmness

Increased blood pressure

Heart rate is faster

Increased body temperature

One study found that 52.4 percent of participants with misophonia could also be diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD).

How to get this disease? This condition occurs for life, usually starting between the ages of 9-13 years and is more common in girls. This disease comes suddenly, but is not related to any event.

Doctors are not sure what causes misophonia, but not your ears that are problematic. Doctors suspect this is a combination of mental and physical problems. This can be related to how sound affects your brain and triggers an automatic response in your body.

Because your ears and hearing are normal, doctors can have problems with diagnosis. Misophonia is sometimes mistakenly diagnosed as an anxiety or bipolar disorder or obsessive-compulsive disorder. Some doctors think that misophonia must be classified as a new disorder.

Handling of Misophonia

How to deal with misophonia? This condition does not affect everyday life, but you can learn to manage it. Many clinics offer sound therapy combined with psychological counseling. The doctor will set the background noise to counteract the sounds that trigger the misophonia condition.

You can try a device like a hearing aid that creates a sound in your ear similar to a waterfall. Other noise distracts you from triggers and reduces reactions. Other treatments include speech therapy and antidepressants.

Your lifestyle also plays a role. Get used to exercising regularly, getting plenty of sleep, and managing your stress. You can also wear earplugs or a headset to get rid of noise. Create a quiet area or a safe point in your house where there are no voices that bother you.

It is also important to seek social support, with people who also experience misophonia to share stories. You can also find these groups in online and social media where people share strategies to overcome this misophonia condition.

Eczema is a type of skin disease in the form of a very itchy rash. No one wants to experience eczema. This eczema skin disease can make the daily activities of the sufferer disrupted because they have to constantly scratch the skin or choose to resist the itching which is very torturous. It is true, eczema is a skin condition that causes itching, dryness and redness.

Although not contagious, this disorder causes discomfort in the affected part of the skin. For information, eczema can also occur in all parts of the body. Of course this is very annoying because all day long you have to resist the itching and itching does not go away even if you have taken a bath or cleaned yourself.

Symptoms of Eczema

Symptoms of eczema are itching of the skin, dryness, chronic thickening, and usually in the hands, neck, face and feet. Sometimes itching can appear even before there is a rash. Itching in eczema is the most painful symptom because it does not go away.

At first, the rash will turn red then it will turn brown. Blisters can occur when the rash is infected. After watering, the blisters will turn into scabs and skin peels. Meanwhile, eczema that occurs in children usually occurs in the inner knees, wrists and elbows.

Broadly speaking, the symptoms of eczema are:

There is a rash that has no clear cause and has a family history of eczema or asthma.

Inflammation does not improve with treatment with emollient lotions and creams.

There is a light brown crust or festering blisters on the skin that are eczema. This shows an infection that causes eczema in the form of bacteria that must be treated with antibiotics.

If you are affected by eczema from people with skin diseases caused by viruses such as herpes.

If then fluid-filled herpes like blisters in the area of ​​eczema it is likely to be eczema herpeticum, a rare but potentially serious complication caused by the herpes simplex virus.

DiagnosisofEczemaDisease

You certainly already know what eczema is. To diagnose dry eczema or dry eczema, the doctor will first discuss the symptoms and history of family disease. In addition, doctors will also ask about other conditions related to medical allergies such as asthma, biduren, food allergies, etc.

After that, the doctor will usually do an allergy test to find out what triggers or irritants should be avoided later so that the wet eczema or dry eczema that is suffered does not reappear after recovery.

For severe cases of skin disease, doctors will usually recommend ways to treat eczema such as ultraviolet phototherapy and suppress the immune system such as cyclosporine. Another alternative that can be chosen is the method of treatment for eczema using psychodermatology, which is a new branch of science in dermatology as an alternative approach to skin diseases using psychological techniques such as relaxation and hypnosis.

Dry eczema

Dry eczema is a type of eczema that is often experienced by children. This type of skin disease causes the skin to feel dry, itchy, red rashes, and skin inflammation. Although it tends to occur in children, dry eczema can also affect adults.

Symptoms of dry eczema include: the skin is thickened, broken, dry and scaly; excessive itching at night; skin like blisters.

How to treat eczema – What iseczema medicine?

How to treat eczema is done by healing with basic therapy first. Use of moisturizers (eczema creams, lotions or ointments) can help maintain the skin’s natural moisture. This eczema moisturizer or ointment is very effective when used after bathing or at least once every day.

Usually, your doctor will recommend giving hydrocortisone cream (weak potential corticosteroid) in mild cases other than eczema ointment. This eczema drug can be found at the pharmacy. In addition, doctors can also prescribe strong potential corticosteroid creams when eczema becomes severe.

Other types of eczema drugs that are usually recommended are drugs called topical immunomodulators. This eczema drug is believed to help control inflammation and reduce the immune system’s reaction when applied to the skin. Examples are pimecrolimus and tacrolimus . These drugs are considered effective equivalent to topical corticosteroids.

Even so, pimecrolimus or tacrolimus is not recommended as a mild eczema drug or as a first-line treatment for eczema of any severity.Your cholesterol and Tacrolimus are only recommended as an option for second-line treatment and only for people over the age of 20.

If the previous eczema drug does not make the skin better, the doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroid medication. This eczema drug must be taken carefully and must use a doctor’s prescription. If this method does not reduce itching, it looks like you should check the condition with a dermatologist.

Here are some additional tips for controlling and treating eczema skin diseases:

Avoid wearing tight clothes.

Wear gloves at night to minimize damage to the skin from the nails.

Avoid sweating or exercising during a recurrence.

If the causative agent of eczema cannot be removed or identified, the next step is to reduce the allergic inflammatory response.

Apply a mild potential steroid cream (hydrocortisone), along with an anti-itch lotion (such as caladine). This cream can reduce annoying eczema symptoms.

Clean the area with hypoallergenic soap every day and give emollients after bathing.

Avoid physical and mental stress so as not to trigger an infection that causes eczema.

Do not heat or cool the skin excessively.

Eat nutritious foods and maintain good sleep quality to prevent recurrence of eczema.

Bronchitis is a common infection that causes inflammation and irritation in the main airways of the lungs or bronchi. This causes inflammation or inflammation of the channel.

When you experience bronchitis, one of the symptoms of bronchitis that is seen to mark infection is coughing. You will expel grayish yellow mucus with a sore throat, shortness of breath and nasal congestion.

This disease can be divided into two types. First, acute bronchitis which lasts for two to three weeks. Acute bronchitis is one of the most common respiratory system infections and most often affects children under 5 years of age.

Second, chronic bronchitis is a bronchial infection that lasts at least three months a year and recurs the following year. Chronic bronchitis is more common in adults over the age of 40 years.

In most cases, acute bronchitis is usually caused by a viral infection, but sometimes it can also be caused by bacteria. If the body’s defense condition is good, the mucous membrane can return to normal after recovering from infection. This healing process usually lasts for several days.

Meanwhile, chronic bronchitis is a long-term serious disorder that often requires regular medical care. If someone has a smoking habit, recovery will be more difficult to obtain. Bronchitis is a disease whose healing also depends on the healthy lifestyle you live every day.

Every airway damage caused by cigarettes destroys the cilia (small hair-like structures that help to transport secretions along the cell surface), where cilia have a role to excrete excess mucus .

Besides can occur in adults, bronchitis in children can also occur. Usually, bronchitis in children is caused by diseases such as flu, sinus, or cough that reaches the bronchi. Bronchitis in children can also occur because parents smoke near them.

Bronchitis is a disease that needs to be watched out. If bronchitis is accompanied by a high fever, chest pain and coughing up blood, immediately go to the hospital to get proper treatment. Those who experience chronic bronchitis, have a risk of heart problems and other serious diseases, so they should be monitored by a doctor regularly.

Bronchitis Causes– Contagious Bronchitis or Not?

The cause of bronchitis is the thing that needs to be known by the doctor before giving the medicine for you. Bronchitis is generally caused by lung infections and 90% of cases found are caused by viruses. Repeated attacks of acute bronchitis, which weakens and irritates the bronchi from time to time can lead to chronic bronchitis.

Data reveal, chronic bronchritis is found in those who live around industrial areas such as mining. However, the main cause found is long-term smoking activity that causes the bronchial tubes to produce excessive mucus.

If someone asks whether bronchitis is contagious or not, the answer can vary. For acute bronchitis caused by a virus, bronchitis is usually contagious. But for chronic bronchitis, it is usually not contagious.

Symptoms of bronchitis

Once you know infectious bronchitis or not, now the symptoms of bronchitis need to be known. The main symptom of bronchitis is a dry cough. But there is also the possibility of coughing to produce thick grayish yellow mucus (although this is not always the case). Coughing may last for several weeks after other symptoms disappear.

The following are other symptoms that may appear:

Fever and chills

Pain and tightness in the chest

Pain below the sternum when breathing deeply

These symptoms may not be severe and you may not need to see a doctor, but symptoms of bronchitis are similar to pneumonia. It is very important to pay attention to changes in the symptoms experienced. See a doctor immediately if you have symptoms like the following:

Cough that causes persistent chest pain. This kind of cough can damage the air sacs in the lungs

Cough lasts more than a week and mucus becomes darker, thicker, increases in phlegm volume with blood coming out

Symptoms of acute bronchitis are followed by lung problems, chronic heart disease, or infection. Respiratory infections can make the body vulnerable to more serious lung diseases such as pneumonia.

Difficulty in breathing. This may be a symptom of a medical condition such as asthma, emphysema (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) or heart disease

Fever more than three days

Treatment of Bronchitis

The conventional treatment for acute bronchitis can consist of simple steps such as, lots of rest, drinking lots of water, avoiding smoke to using an inhalation bronchodilator. After acute bronchitis is cured, prevention of bronchitis is by applying a healthy lifestyle by avoiding cigarettes and using pollution masks if the air is polluted. In cases of severe chronic bronchitis, oral steroids, additional inhalers or oxygen can be given to reduce inflammation.

Antibiotics will not be given in cases of bronchitis caused by viruses because they will not have any effect. Antibiotics are needed if there is a possibility of bacterial infection. If there is an increase in the amount of mucus and its thickness, then you have been infected with bacteria. The antibiotic prescription given is usually for five days.

If someone has chronic bronchitis, his lungs are susceptible to infection. Chronic bronchitis patients should get pneumonia vaccination immediately. Vaccination will protect you from bacteria or viruses from this disease. It is recommended to consult a doctor before vaccinating.

What needs to be noted, do not take antitussive drugs (cough suppressants) without a doctor’s prescription. As with acute bronchitis, a productive cough associated with chronic bronchitis can help cleanse the lungs of excessive mucus. In fact, doctors can recommend expectorants (sputum diluents) if the cough is relatively dry.

However, if there is a change in color, volume, or thickness of phlegm, it indicates that someone has been infected with bacteria. In this case, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics to fight bacteria.

Meanwhile, if the patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), many doctors prescribe temporary bronchodilator drugs to help dilate the airways. If there is a defect in the transfer of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, your doctor may prescribe oxygen therapy that can be given at the hospital.

Research shows that someone who stops smoking despite being in the stage of chronic bronchitis and severe COPD can not only reduce the severity of symptoms, but can also increase life expectancy.

Trihexyphenidyl is a drug used to treat stiffness, tremors, seizures, and poor muscle control in Parkinson’s disease. Trihexyphenidyl is also used to treat and prevent the same muscle conditions caused by drugs such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine), fluphenazine (Prolixin), perphenazine (Trilafon), haloperidol (Haldol), thiothixene (Navane), and others.

Trihexifenidil can also be used for purposes other than those listed in this treatment guide.

Other less serious side effects may be more likely. Continue to take trihexyphenidyl and discuss it with your doctor if you experience the following conditions:

the mouth feels dry

enlarged pupils or blurred vision

often sleepy or dizzy

difficulty urinating or constipation

nervousness or anxiety

stomach ache

sweat becomes small

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Contact your doctor for medical advice about side effects.

Be careful when driving, operating machinery, or carrying out other dangerous activities. Trihexifenidil can cause dizziness or blurred vision. If you experience dizziness or blurred vision, avoid these activities.

Use alcohol carefully. Alcohol can increase drowsiness and dizziness when taking trihexifenidil.

Avoid overheating. Trihexifenidil can cause a decrease in sweat. This can cause heat stings in the body during exercise or when exposed to the sun for a long time.

What should I discuss with my health care provider before taking trihexifenidil (Artane, Trihexane)? Don’t use trihexyphenidyl without first talking to a doctor, or if you:

have experienced an allergic reaction to this drug

experience narrow-angle glaucoma

blockage in the intestine or complications of intestinal disease known as megacolon

myasthenia gravis

Before taking this medication, tell the doctor if you have the following conditions:

prostate enlargement or difficulty urinating

epilepsy or other seizure disorders

heart disease or irregular heartbeat

depression or other psychiatric illness

Kidney illness

liver disease

You may need special dose adjustments or monitoring during treatment if you have the requirements listed above.

It is not known whether trihexifenidyl will be harmful to unborn babies. Do not take this medicine without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant or can become pregnant during treatment.

It is not known whether trihexyphenidyl enters ASI. Do not take this medicine without first talking to your doctor if you are breastfeeding a baby.

How to Use and Overdose

Trihexyphenidyl consumption is exactly as ordered by your doctor. If you don’t understand the doctor’s instructions, ask your pharmacist, nurse, or doctor to explain it to you in more detail.

Take each dose with a glass full of water.

Trihexifenidil can be consumed with or without food. Taking trihexifenidyl with food can reduce stomach pain.

To ensure that you get the correct dose, measure the form of trihexifenidyl syrup with a special dose or spoon cup, not with a regular spoon. If you don’t have a dosing device, ask your pharmacist where you can get it.

Store trihexifenidil at room temperature, avoid moisture and heat.

What happens if I miss a dose (Artane, Trihexane)? Take a dose that is missed when you remember. Skip the medication if it’s almost time for the next scheduled dose. Do not take additional medication to replace missed doses.

What happens if I overdose Trihexifenidil?

Symptoms of trihexyphenidyl overdose include:

big pupil

warm and dry skin

flushed face

fever

dry mouth

fast or irregular heartbeat

anxiety

hallucinations

confusion

agitation

Hyperactive

lost consciousness

seizure

What should I avoid when taking Trihexifenidil (Artane, Trihexane)? Be careful when driving, operating machinery, or carrying out other dangerous activities. Trihexifenidil can cause dizziness or blurred vision. If you experience dizziness or blurred vision, avoid this activity.

Use alcohol carefully. Alcohol can increase drowsiness and dizziness when taking trihexifenidil.

Avoid becoming too hot. Trihexifenidil can cause a decrease in sweat. This can cause heat strokes in hot weather or while exercising. Try to stay in a cool place and watch for signs of heat shock such as decreased sweating, nausea, and dizziness.

Other drugs can affect trihexifenidil (Artane and Trihexane).

Therefore, before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you take the following medications:

You may not be able to use trihexifenidil or you may need special dose adjustments or monitoring if you use the drugs listed above.

Medications other than those listed here can also interact with trihexifenidyl. Tell your doctor about all the drugs you use. This includes medications prescribed by doctors, vitamins, herbal remedies, herbs, and the over-the-counter medications you consume without a doctor’s prescription. Don’t start a new treatment without telling your doctor.

Where can I get more information? Your pharmacist has more information about trihexyphenidyl, or written records from your health professional that you can read.

Lymphadenopathy is a disease of the lymph nodes (lymph glands) in the form of abnormalities in size, number, and density. Inflammation of lymphadenopathy (the most common type) is lymphadenitis, in which the lymph nodes swell.

Lymph nodes are organs in the form of peas that are spread under the armpits, folds of the thighs, neck, chest, and abdomen. This gland is a system of lymph that carries liquids, nutrients and waste material between body tissues and blood flow.

The lymph system is an important part of the immune system, the body’s defense system against disease. Lymph nodes have a filter so that the fluid that passes through them is free of bacteria , viruses, and other foreign substances. In addition, white blood cells called lymphocytes are also responsible for destroying the wastes contained in the lymph nodes.

For information, lymph nodes can be found singly or clustered in a group. Lymph nodes can be felt in the neck, groin and armpits. Lymph nodes are generally not tender or painful. Most lymph nodes in the body cannot be felt. Common locations for swollen lymph nodes include the neck, groin and armpits.

Causes of Lymph Nodes

Lymph nodes often swell in one location when there are problems such as injury, infection, or a tumor that develops in a limb that is close to the lymph nodes. Swollen lymph nodes can help identify where the problem is.

Glands on both sides of the neck, under the jaw, or behind the ear often swell when you have a cold or sore throat. The gland can also swell after an injury, such as because the tongue is bitten, or when a tumor or infection occurs in the mouth, head, or neck.

Underarm glands (axillary lymph nodes) can swell from injury or infection in the arm or hand. A rare cause of armpit swelling may be breast cancer or lymphoma which occurs when metastasis from tumor cells.

Lymph nodes in the groin (femoral or inguinal lymph nodes) can swell from injury or infection in the legs, legs, groin, or genitals. In rare cases, testicular cancer, lymphoma, or melanoma can cause lumps in this area.

Glands above the collarbone (supraclavicular lymph nodes) can swell from infection or tumors in the lung, breast, neck, or stomach area.

When the lymph nodes swell in two areas of the body or more, it is called generalized lymphadenopathy.

Another cause of lymph nodes may be caused by:

Viral diseases, such as measles, rubella, smallpox (varicella), or goiter.

Mononucleosis infection (Epstein-Barr virus), which produces fever, sore throat, and fatigue, or cytomegalovirus (CMV), a viral infection that causes symptoms similar to mononucleosis.

Bacterial diseases, such as sore throat (caused by streptococcal bacteria) or Lyme disease (a bacterial infection spread by several types of lice).

Side effects of phenytoin (Dilantin), a drug used to prevent seizures.

Side effects of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination.

Cancer, such as leukemia, Hodgkin’s disease, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which develops after a person is exposed to HIV ( human immunodeficiency virus ). This virus attacks the immune system, making it difficult for the body to fight infection and eventually develop several diseases.

Syphilis , a sexually transmitted infection.

Treatment for swollen glands focuses on treating the cause. For example, a bacterial infection can be treated with antibiotics, while a viral infection can disappear on its own. If the cancer is suspected, a biopsy can be done to confirm the diagnosis.

Any swollen lymph nodes that don’t go away or don’t return to normal size in about a month should be examined by a doctor. Lymph nodes can remain swollen or hard after the initial infection is gone. This is especially true for children, where the gland can be reduced but remain firm and visible for weeks.

But if lymphadenopathy is caused by another disease, it is also necessary to treat the disease that is the cause. For example in lymph node cancer, usually treatment of cancer is also needed and subsequent treatment can be done with chemotherapy and radiation methods.

Lymphadenopathy cannot be completely prevented. But the risk of developing lymphadenopathy can be lowered if a person undergoes a healthy lifestyle, namely:

Eat lots of fiber foods

Exercise regularly.

Do not smoke

Maintain an ideal body weight.

Enough sleep.

The following are the treatment methods that can be done for lymphadenitis, including:

If lymphadenitis is caused by a tumor or cancer, the patient can undergo surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy.

Flowing abscesses or pus. This method is done to treat lymphadenitis which has developed into an abscess. Pus will flow through a small incision on the skin made in the abscess area. After the incision is made, the pus is allowed to leave itself, then the incision is closed using a sterile bandage.

Drugs. Antibiotics, antiviral, or antifungals will be given by doctors to treat lymphadenitis caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi . In addition, if needed, the doctor will provide nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (eg ibuprofen) if the patient experiences symptoms of pain and fever due to lymphadenitis.