This is a series of unrelated interviews from the period 1985-1990 with people involved in different spheres of political life in Africa, with particular reference to the politics of South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Zambia and the Congo. Interviewees include, Jane Gool, Hassan Howa, Hosea Jaffe, I.B. Tabata, Jack Cope and Otillie Abrahams. Themes include: African National Congress (ANC) training camps, anti-discrimination in sport, life in exile in Botswana and Namibia, gender empowerment , the history of St. Francis, Langa in the Western Cape, Non-European Unity Movement (NUEM), political upheaval in Kenya, rural life and work and the South West African Peoples Organisation (SWAPO), Pin4.27b.mp3: Part 2 of 2 ; 31:59 min. ; interview 27 of 52

This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Langa in the Western Cape examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: African traditional beer (umqombothi), anti-government protests, discriminatory laws, the Eastern Cape, government beer halls, government policy with respect to alcohol, hostels, housing, migrant labour, racialised spaces, the 1976 riots, shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold) and the smuggling of alcohol by residents., Pin7.08a.mp3: Part 1 of 2 ; 31:44 min. ; interview 8 of 16

This is one interview in a collection of interviews composed of the life histories of twenty Cape Town jazz musicians. Some of the themes explored are the effects of apartheid in the music scene in the 1950's and 1960's; priorities of recording labels; music reception across social groupings in District Six and the extensive influence of American jazz. Music genres referred to span big band, the avant garde, bebop, dance, jive, marabi, township jazz, goema and Latin., Amu1.22b.mp3: Part 2 of 2 ; 05:12 min ; interview 22 of 23

This is one interview in a collection of interviews composed of the life histories of twenty Cape Town jazz musicians. Some of the themes explored are the effects of apartheid in the music scene in the 1950's and 1960's; priorities of recording labels; music reception across social groupings in District Six and the extensive influence of American jazz. Music genres referred to span big band, the avant garde, bebop, dance, jive, marabi, township jazz, goema and Latin., Amu1.14b.mp3: Part 2 of 2 ; 31:46 min ; interview 14 of 23

This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Langa in the Western Cape examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: African traditional beer (umqombothi), anti-government protests, discriminatory laws, the Eastern Cape, government beer halls, government policy with respect to alcohol, hostels, housing, migrant labour, racialised spaces, the 1976 riots, shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold) and the smuggling of alcohol by residents., Pin8.03a.mp3: Part 1 of 2 ; 30:10 min. ; interview 3 of 17

The United Democratic Front (UDF) was established as a non-racial, anti-apartheid coalition in 1983. The interviews in this collection deal with the formation and impact of the UDF in the Western Cape in the 1980s. Key figures involved with the UDF are interviewed, including Cheryl Carolus, Lionel Louw, Sydney Luckett and Phyllis Orner. Themes include: community based organisations affiliated to the UDF; the effects of apartheid; religious affiliation; role of the UDF in the community; trade unions. These interviews originate from research conducted for the Albert Luthuli Young Historians Award 2008., Por6.02a.mp3: Part 1 of 2 ; 53:20 min. ; interview 2 of 6

This is a series of unrelated interviews from the period 1985-1990 with people involved in different spheres of political life in Africa, with particular reference to the politics of South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Zambia and the Congo. Interviewees include, Jane Gool, Hassan Howa, Hosea Jaffe, I.B. Tabata, Jack Cope and Otillie Abrahams. Themes include: African National Congress (ANC) training camps, anti-discrimination in sport, life in exile in Botswana and Namibia, gender empowerment , the history of St. Francis, Langa in the Western Cape, Non-European Unity Movement (NUEM), political upheaval in Kenya, rural life and work and the South West African Peoples Organisation (SWAPO), Pin4.11b.mp3: Part 2 of 2 ; 44:32 min. ; interview 11 of 52

Karen Daniels interviews Fagmia Kiemie, an ex-resident of Harfield Village, Cape Town. These interviews provide a very rich source or oral history regarding social life in Harfield Village and Claremont, as well as forced removals and their after-effects. Harfield Village, before the Group Areas Act, was a small mixed area of African, coloured and white inhabitants and was also known as "die vlak" by the locals. The themes included in the interviews are: inter-racial mixing and romanticisation of racial harmony, community and family relationships, religion - both Christian (Anglican, Methodist, Dutch Reformed) and Muslim (Harvey Road, Stegman Road and Main Road Mosques) - and schooling, leisure activities such as the Coon Carnival, music and jazz, shebeens and drinking. Class issues are discussed with reference to crime, gangs, "skollies", home ownership, rentals, incomes and employment. The physical, emotional and economic hardships endured by Harfield residents during and after the forced removals and the Group Areas Act are also discussed. Each interview in this collection contains a useful summary of the interview dynamics and the date of the interview., Forced removals, Cwc6.23b.mp3: Part 2 of 3 ; 30:31 min; interview 23 of 39

This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Langa in the Western Cape examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: African traditional beer (umqombothi), anti-government protests, discriminatory laws, the Eastern Cape, government beer halls, government policy with respect to alcohol, hostels, housing, migrant labour, racialised spaces, the 1976 riots, shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold) and the smuggling of alcohol by residents., Pin8.13a.mp3: Part 1 of 2 ; 31:49 min. ; interview 13 of 17

The interviews in this collection focus on the life history of Robert Sobukwe, teacher, lecturer, lawyer, secretary of the African National Congress (ANC) Branch in Standerton and first president of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). Interviewees include Achmat Cassiem (activist and Robben Island prisoner), Benjamin Pogrund (author of his autobiography), Charmaine van Tonder (Robert Sobukwe's neighbour) and Dinilesizwe Sobukwe (Robert Sobukwe's son). Themes include: the controversy regarding his burial; the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC); reflections on his funeral; his life on Robben Island; Sobukwe as a father; the Sharpeville Massacre and his work at the University of the Witwatersrand (WITS) . This sub-collection originated as research for the Albert Luthuli Young Historians award 2010., Pin13.01b.mp3: Part 2 of 2 ; 01:03:32 min. ; interview 1 of 5

Crossroads is an informal settlement on the outskirts of Cape Town. It was originally established in 1975 and by the 1980s had a population of over 100 000 people. This discussion covers the political organisation and activism of women in the Crossroads squatter camp. Themes include: anti-pass campaigns, central role of militant women in resistance against government, corruption and hierarchy, the Crossroads Women Committee, demolitions, forced removals, gender in relation to power, social issues, specifically land, housing and labour issues, rent boycotts and schooling., Por7.01b.mp3: Part 2 of 2 ; 49:09 min. ; interview 1 of 1

Gun Free South Africa is an advocacy group formed in 1994 with the aim of building a safer country through the reduction of firearms in society. In association with "Gun Free South Africa", the interviewer focuses on youth activists and young members of the community sharing their experiences of gun violence and opinions on gun control. Themes include: biographical information; civic organisations; community involvement; crime and organisational affiliations., Por1.04b.mp3: Part 2 of 2 ; 14:49 min. ; interview 4 of 6

This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Langa in the Western Cape examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: African traditional beer (umqombothi), anti-government protests, discriminatory laws, the Eastern Cape, government beer halls, government policy with respect to alcohol, hostels, housing, migrant labour, racialised spaces, the 1976 riots, shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold) and the smuggling of alcohol by residents., Pin7.13a.mp3: Part 1 of 2 ; 29:38 min. ; interview 13 of 16

This is one interview in a collection of interviews composed of the life histories of twenty Cape Town jazz musicians. Some of the themes explored are the effects of apartheid in the music scene in the 1950's and 1960's; priorities of recording labels; music reception across social groupings in District Six and the extensive influence of American jazz. Music genres referred to span big band, the avant garde, bebop, dance, jive, marabi, township jazz, goema and Latin., Amu1.09.mp3: Part 2 of 2 ; 09:56 min ; interview 9 of 23

Karen Daniels interviews Anne Wolhuter, an ex-resident of Harfield Village, Cape Town. These interviews provide a very rich source or oral history regarding social life in Harfield Village and Claremont, as well as forced removals and their after-effects. Harfield Village, before the Group Areas Act, was a small mixed area of African, coloured and white inhabitants and was also known as "die vlak" by the locals. The themes included in the interviews are: inter-racial mixing and romanticisation of racial harmony, community and family relationships, religion - both Christian (Anglican, Methodist, Dutch Reformed) and Muslim (Harvey Road, Stegman Road and Main Road Mosques) - and schooling, leisure activities such as the Coon Carnival, music and jazz, shebeens and drinking. Class issues are discussed with reference to crime, gangs, "skollies", home ownership, rentals, incomes and employment. The physical, emotional and economic hardships endured by Harfield residents during and after the forced removals and the Group Areas Act are also discussed. Each interview in this collection contains a useful summary of the interview dynamics and the date of the interview., Forced removals, Cwc6.38b.mp3: Part 2 of 3 ; 30:40 min; interview 38 of 39

After the Chinese Civil War, China incorporated Tibet into mainland China in 1950. This affirmed Chinese sovereignty over the region, but granted it autonomy. The 14th Dalai Lama repudiated this agreement and established a rival government in exile. This project uses the poetry and politics of pro-Tibet activists in South Africa to explore the styles and temporal modes through their narratives. Themes include: Buddhism; generating compassion; key figures; Office of Tibet; political consciousness; religious experiences; religious teachers; Tibet Society of South Africa., Pin12.02b.mp3: Part 2 of 2 ;01:13:46 min.; interview 2 of 2

This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Langa in the Western Cape examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: African traditional beer (umqombothi), anti-government protests, discriminatory laws, the Eastern Cape, government beer halls, government policy with respect to alcohol, hostels, housing, migrant labour, racialised spaces, the 1976 riots, shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold) and the smuggling of alcohol by residents., Pin7.16a.mp3: Part 1 of 2 ; 31:16 min. ; interview 16 of 16

This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Langa in the Western Cape examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: African traditional beer (umqombothi), anti-government protests, discriminatory laws, the Eastern Cape, government beer halls, government policy with respect to alcohol, hostels, housing, migrant labour, racialised spaces, the 1976 riots, shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold) and the smuggling of alcohol by residents., Pin7.12a.mp3: Part 1 of 2 ; 31:49 min. ; interview 12 of 16

Oral history, St. James Church (Kenilworth, South Africa), Forgiveness--South Africa, Reconciliation, ,

Description

On the 25th July 1993, four operatives of the Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA), the armed wing of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) attacked St James Church in Kenilworth, Cape Town, during a Sunday evening service. Approximately one hundred congregants were inside the Church. During the attack, the congregants were fired on with automatic weapons and two hand grenades were thrown into the Church. Eleven members of the congregation died and fifty-eight were injured. This research explores the intra- and inter-personal tensions within the testimonies of survivors on the process of forgiveness and reconciliation. Themes include: the amnesty application by the APLA cadets to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC); personal responses to trauma; memories of the event; Christian beliefs in context of personal trauma; congregational mapping; political violence and the public and personal processes of forgiveness., Pol2.04a.mp3: Part 2 of 3 ; 01:00:44 min. ; interview 4 of 6