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Concerning the ProductPublished by means of the yankee Geophysical Union as a part of the Geophysical Monograph sequence. content material:

Extra resources for Introduction to Seismology

Sample text

M = magnet. 0 = pole-pieces, N = armature, P = coils. At zero position the four air gaps are each 2 mm wide. the armature, the air gaps between Nand 0 are varied and thus the magnetic reluctance (=magnetic resistance) is varied with a corresponding variation of the magnetic flux through the magnetic circuit. In this way, an electromotive force is induced in the coils P, and this is then recorded via a galvanometer. The part shown in Figure 12 is called a transducer and is in effect nothing other than a modification of an ordinary telephone receiver.

In order to avoid the detailed determinations of each constant one by one and to avoid the often imperfect theoretical assumptions, which have to enter the procedure just described, other and more direct methods have been developed to determine a response curve. 0 r - - - , - - - - - - , - - - - - , - - - - - - , - - - - , . ;15:-------;2~0------::2'=5--~30:-l10 Fig. 15. Typical response curves for amplitude for some long-period seismographs. BB=Benioff N (Up). WW=Wiechert N (Up). GG=Galitzin N (Ki).

Automatically turn on and off a radio receiver for direct recording of a time signal on the records. Amplitude measurements. As a rule, amplitude determination is considerably more complicated and less reliable. 1 mm accuracy, but the problem is to recalculate these amplitudes into the corresponding amplitudes of the ground motion. Only the latter are of interest and only these can be used for comparison between different places with different instruments or for comparison between vibrations of different periods recorded by one and the same instrument.