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'To help understand how they integrate into he UK, we decided to investigate if Polish teenagers use the same form of non-standard speech as their same age British peers - and the answer seems to be yes.

'After all, in order to achieve full native-like competence in a second language, speakers must acquire, at the very least, an awareness of non-standard features.

'So we would expect to find this within other groups of migrants as well.'

The researchers also found there was a link between those who wanted to stay in Britain and those that had a desire to return to Poland.

Dr Rob Drummond found a strong correlation between the use of the Polish influenced ‘ingk’ pronunciation and a desire to return to Poland.

He said: 'Those speakers who planned to return to Poland and who had a strong desire to hold on to their Polish identity were using this pronunciation to signal that allegiance.

'Even those speakers who had high levels of English but who intended to return to Poland were more likely to use -ingk than other speakers.'

He also investigated the Northern English vowel sound in words like ‘bus’ and ‘fun’.

Most speakers arrived in Manchester using a vowel sound closer to that used in Southern English, but over time, the vowel changed to become more local, especially among those speakers who showed a more positive attitude to living in Manchester.

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How 'ing' and 'ingk' will tell you whether Poles want to stay in the UK return to their homeland