What time is it when the moon phase shown at below first begins to set below the horizon?

A.&nbsp

(a) in the late morning

B.&nbsp

(b) at noon

C.&nbsp

(c) in the mid-afternoon

D.&nbsp

(d) at midnight

E.&nbsp

(e) in the early morning

11.

USE DIAGRAM below to answer the next question. In this Earth-Sun system drawing we have indicated the direction of both the daily rotation of Earth about its own axis and its annual orbit about the Sun. Imagine you are the observer shown on Earth in the northern hemisphere.
11. For the time of year shown, which constellation will be highest in the sky at noon?

A.&nbsp

(a) Aquarius

B.&nbsp

(b) Pisces

C.&nbsp

(c) Leo

D.&nbsp

(d) Taurus

E.&nbsp

(e) Scorpius

12.

Based on the locations of the constellations described below, what would be the horoscope sign of a person born on this day (i.e. the constellation behind the Sun)?
- Taurus is high in the southern sky at sunset.
- Aquarius is on the eastern horizon at sunrise.
- Scorpius is on the western horizon at noon.
- Leo is high in the southern sky at midnight.

A.&nbsp

(a) Taurus

B.&nbsp

(b) Aquarius

C.&nbsp

(c) Scorpius

D.&nbsp

(d) Leo

13.

In what phase and location described below will the Moon be, when a lunar eclipse occurs?

A.&nbsp

(a) Full phase and below the plane of Earths orbit.

B.&nbsp

(b) Full phase and crossing Earths orbital plane.

C.&nbsp

(c) New phase and below the plane of Earths orbit.

D.&nbsp

(d) New phase and crossing Earths orbital plane.

E.&nbsp

(e) None of the above.

14.

The figure below shows the evening sky as it would appear for an observer in the northern hemisphere. Notice that Polaris, the North Star, appears fairly high in the sky while other stars (labeled A—E) appear to slowly move around the North Star.
Which direction would the stars appear to be moving about Polaris?

A.&nbsp

(a) Clockwise

B.&nbsp

(b) Counter-clockwise

15.

The figure below shows the evening sky as it would appear for an observer in the northern hemisphere. Notice that Polaris, the North Star, appears fairly high in the sky while other stars (labeled A—E) appear to slowly move around the North Star.
Which of the following is the best ranking for the amount of time that each of the stars
shown above (A—E), will be above the horizon during a 24 hour period, from least amount
of time to greatest.

A.&nbsp

(a) C < A < B < D < E

B.&nbsp

(b) E < D < B < A < C

C.&nbsp

(c) B = D < A < C = E

D.&nbsp

(d) A < B = C < D < E

E.&nbsp

(e) A = E < C = B = D

16.

Consider the five situations shown below (A—E) in which Earth is drawn along with the light coming from the Sun. How many of the situations shown above are physically possible in terms of how the Earth’s tilt is represented relative to daytime, nighttime, and the direction of sunlight.

A.&nbsp

(a) only one

B.&nbsp

(b) two

C.&nbsp

(c) three

D.&nbsp

(d) four

E.&nbsp

(e) all of the above are possible.

17.

Consider the Earth labeled C in the figure above. For a person at the location marked with an X, what season is it?

A.&nbsp

(a) Summer

B.&nbsp

(b) Winter

18.

Which of the following describes one reason that the northern and the southern hemispheres have different seasons at the same time?

A.&nbsp

(a) The Earth is closer to the Sun during summer in the southern hemisphere and is farther from the sun during winter in the northern hemisphere.

B.&nbsp

(b) During the time of the year when the Sun is high in the sky in the northern hemisphere it will be low in the sky in the southern hemisphere.

C.&nbsp

(c) The Earth is tilted, so the Sun is closer to one hemisphere than the other, which causes one hemisphere to be in winter and the other in summer.

D.&nbsp

(d) The energy received at Earth from the Sun changes throughout the year providing more energy to one hemisphere than the other.

E.&nbsp

(e) The amount the Earth is tilted changes over the course of the year and causes the amount of sunlight that reaches each hemisphere to be different which causes the
seasons to be opposites.

19.

For an observer in the continental U.S., which of the three shadow plots, shown below, correctly depicts the Suns motion for one day?

A.&nbsp

(a) Shadow plot A

B.&nbsp

(b) Shadow plot B

C.&nbsp

(c) Shadow plot C.

D.&nbsp

(d) All three plots are possible, on different days of the year.

E.&nbsp

(e) None of the plots are possible

20.

Which of the following could be true about shadow plot B from question 19?

A.&nbsp

(a) It was made by an observer on the Equator on the summer soltice (June 21).

B.&nbsp

(b) It was made by an observer on the Equator on the equinoxes (March 21 or September 21).

C.&nbsp

(c) It was made by an observer on the Tropic of Cancer (23.5 North) on the summer solstice (December 21).

D.&nbsp

(d) It was made by an observer on the Tropic of Cancer (23.5 North) on the equinoxes (March 21 or September 21).