Funke, Cornelia

Funke, Cornelia

For years Cornelia Funke has been one of the best-known and bestselling children's authors in Germany. In fact, many people have called her the German J. K. Rowling. Americans, however, were not exposed to Funke's work until 2002, when her book Herr der Diebe was translated into English and released by Scholastic Press as The Thief Lord. The response was immediate and overwhelming. Like their German counterparts, young American readers gobbled up the fantastic tale of two orphans set loose among the canals and streets of Venice, Italy. The book made every major bestseller list and won countless awards. It also established Funke as a storyteller on an international scale, since the book has since been published in nearly forty countries. In October of 2003 Funke released her second book in the United States, Inkheart. Publisher's Weekly called it "delectably transfixing," and readers were left clamoring for more of their favorite new author.

Illustrator becomes author

Cornelia Funke was born in 1958 in Dorsten, Westphalia, located in the central region of Germany. Funke, who spoke with Sue Corbett of the Miami Herald, explained that her last name is pronounced FOON-kah. She also mentioned that in the United States "people say 'Funky,' and I rather like that." Funke did not set out to be a writer. When she was eighteen years old she left Dorsten to study at the University of Hamburg, where she earned a degree in education theory. Not sure what to do after graduation, Funke decided to take a course in book illustration at the Hamburg State College of Design.

Funke started out designing board games and illustrating books for other authors. After illustrating for several years, however, she began to lose interest in her job. "I was, I have to admit, bored by the stories I had to illustrate," Funke explained in a Bookwrap video interview online. Instead, she wanted to draw pictures for books that were exciting, books about dragons and adventure. She recalled that one night, at the age of twenty-eight, she started to write her own story. The illustrator-turned-author did not suffer the usual trials of first-time writers. She sent her manuscript out to four German publishing houses and all four wanted to publish it.

"If I was a book, I would like to be a library book, so I would be taken home by all different sorts of kids. A library book, I imagine, is a happy book."

Funke's earliest books, most of which she illustrated herself, were short and aimed at younger readers of about eight years old. Her first longer, chapter book for older children was Drachenreiter (Dragonrider ), published in Germany in 1997. It was followed in 2000 by Herr der Diebe (The Thief Lord ). The book was a phenomenal success in Germany, but Funke was not satisfied. She was determined to take a shot at the English-language market, where she knew her stories would have a chance to be read by a wider audience. Funke turned to her cousin, Oliver Latsch, and asked him to translate Herrder Diebe into English. With manuscript in hand, she made the rounds of the top English publishers.

Thief Lord steals the hearts of millions

Several companies showed an interest, but at the same time the fates were actively at work at The Chicken House, a new book publisher in England. The Chicken House was founded in 2000 by Barry Cunningham, who had a long career in publishing and was known for taking chances on new writers. In fact, it was Cunningham who first decided to publish the Harry Potter series after British author J. K. Rowling (c. 1966–) was turned down by countless other publishers. In this case, Funke did not go to Cunningham. Cunningham went looking for her, after he received a letter from an eleven-year-old girl in England named Clara, asking why her favorite author (Cornelia Funke) was not published in English. Clara was bilingual, she spoke both German and English, so she had been enjoying Funke's books for several years.

Cornelia Funke's Favorite Books

In many of her interviews, writer Cornelia Funke describes herself as a passionate reader. And, as she revealed in an AudioFile interview, one of her goals as an author is to "try to awaken the passion for reading in children and adults." In Inkheart, one way Funke accomplishes this goal is by introducing her audience to classic works of fiction. Each chapter begins with a quote from a book, and there are references to books such as The Wind in the Willows by Scottish author Kenneth Grahame (1859–1932) sprinkled throughout the text. In an article posted on the Guardian Unlimited Web site, Funke revealed her own "favourite bedtime stories," many of which are mentioned in Inkheart.

Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain.

The BFG by Roald Dahl.

What Witch by Eva Ibbotson.

Just So Stories by Rudyard Kipling.

Jim Button and Luke the Engine Driver by Michael Ende.

Peter Pan by J. M. Barrie.

The Brothers Lionheart by Astrid Lindgren.

The War of the Buttons by Louis Peraud.

The Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum.

The Princess Bride by William Goldman.

Cunningham tracked down Funke's agent, read the manuscript, and immediately bought the English-language rights for Herr der Diebe and for Drachenreiter. In July of 2000 The Thief Lord was published
in England. It sold out in just ten days, an unheard-of phenomenon for a children's book. Two years later Funke's story debuted in the United States. Critics heaped praise on The Thief Lord, calling it an immediate classic. Readers agreed, and the book reached the New York Times bestseller list, where it remained comfortably perched for twenty-five weeks. The Thief Lord was named a best book of the year by many publications, including School Library Journal and Parenting Magazine. It also won a slew of awards, including the prestigious Mildred L. Batchelder Award, which is presented annually by the American Library Association to the best book originally published in a foreign language and then translated and published in the United States.

Part Peter Pan and part Robin Hood and Oliver Twist, The Thief Lord is set against the backdrop of Venice, Italy. Rebecca Sinkler of the New York Times called the book a "love song to the city and its splendors." In fact, Venice is one of Funke's favorite destinations, and she was inspired to write the story during one of her many visits. "I wanted to tell children that there is a place in this world that is real and full of history, but also contains magic and mystery," she explained to Trudy Wyss in an interview on the Borders Books Web site. The many alleyways and canals of Venice were perfect for the story because, as Funke told Wyss, "there are hundreds of hiding places."

At the story's center are two orphans, twelve-year-old Prosper and his five-year-old brother, Bo, who run away from Hamburg to Venice because their aunt and uncle want to separate them. When they arrive in the strange city, they are taken in by a band of young pickpockets and thieves who are led by Scipio, the thirteen-year-old masked Thief Lord. The boys live comfortably enough with their new-found friends in an abandoned movie theater until they discover they are being tracked by an investigator hired by their aunt and uncle. They also run into trouble when the gang is hired to steal a wooden horse's wing that long ago was broken off a magical carousel. The carousel has the power to make "adults out of children and children out of adults."

Written from the heart

Readers were spellbound by the many twists and turns in the plot of The Thief Lord, and Funke left her audience wanting more. They were rewarded in October of 2003 when Scholastic Press, her American
publisher, released Inkheart. There is a gleam in Funke's eye when she talks about this book, which she believes to be one of her best efforts. As she explained in the Bookwrap video, she put the "blood of her heart" into writing it: "There are those people who love books and are greedy for books and the rustling of paper and the printed letter and I wanted to write about this. This lust for the printed word. And I think Inkheart is all about that. The enchantment that comes from books."

Good authors make books come alive for their readers. In Inkheart, twelve-year-old Meggie loves books so much that she regularly falls asleep with them. Her father, Mo, teases her, saying, "I'm sure it must be very comfortable sleeping with a hard, rectangular thing like that under your head." But Meggie enjoys taking her books to bed because the books whisper their stories to her at night. Books are also important to her father, who earns his living by traveling across the country repairing and caring for old volumes. He does not, however, read to his daughter because of a secret power he possesses: if Mo reads a book aloud, its characters leave the pages and enter the real world. Mo discovered his gift several years earlier, when he released characters from the book Inkheart. One of them, named Capricorn, is so evil that his heart is said to be made of ink. Capricorn hunts down Mo because he wants to destroy Inkheart, ensuring that he will never return to its pages.

The success of Inkheart followed that of The Thief Lord. The book debuted at number nine on the New York Times bestseller list and stayed on the list into 2004. It also received rave reviews. Publisher'sWeekly enthused that "readers will be captivated by the chilling and thrilling world [Funke] has created." James Neal Webb of BookPage went so far as to call it "a magical, life-altering volume."

Funke on film

To promote her books, in November of 2003 Funke left Hamburg and her children, Anna and Ben, and went on a U.S. book tour. (The character of Bo in The Thief Lord was based on Ben.) She was interviewed on television and radio and visited many bookstores across the United States. In her Bookwrap video interview Funke commented about the American children she met on tour, and how open and curious they were. "It was great fun to meet them," she said. "I was especially enchanted by the book maniacs in America. I didn't know there was so many here.... And I have to confess this kind of book passion I have only met in America."

Funke revealed to the Miami Herald that there are two sequels planned for Inkheart. The second in the series, called Inkblood, has already been written and is being translated from the German, with an expected release date of 2005. In addition, there are movies in the works based on The Thief Lord and on the Inkheart trilogy. Once her books hit the big screen, Funke, already a beloved writer, will no doubt become a writing phenomenon. And there is also no doubt that there are many more books to come from her pen. As she told Wyss, "Writing is my passion.... I couldn't live without it."

Citation styles

Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA).

Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list.

Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites:

Modern Language Association

The Chicago Manual of Style

American Psychological Association

Notes:

Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates.

In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list.

Adaptations

Sidelights

Cornelia Funke is the author of books for children, and in her native Germany, she is the most popular children's book writer after J. K. Rowling and R. L. Stine. When her first English translation, The Thief Lord, was introduced in England, it sold out in ten days. In the United States, it reached number two on the New York Times children's bestseller list. The book was edited by Barry Cunningham, the man who recognized Rowling's talent and published her "Harry Potter" series in England. Inkheart, her second book, was also successful. Funke had no plans to become a children's author, but when she began illustrating books by others, she decided to write her own. She was well known in Germany when she had her self-illustrated The Thief Lord translated—by her cousin, because no one else would do it.

The Thief Lord is about orphan brothers Prosper, twelve, and Boniface (Bo), five, who run away when their childless aunt and uncle decide that they only want Bo. Before she died, the boys' mother had told them about the wonders of Venice, Italy, so that is where they head when they flee Hamburg, Germany. Their insensitive relatives then hire private detective Victor Getz to find Bo. A Kirkus Reviews contributor felt that "the magical city of Venice, with its moonlit waters, maze of canals, and magnificent palaces, is an excellent setting" for this "spellbinding story."

Prosper and Bo find refuge in an abandoned movie theater, where they live with other street children. Their hideout is fitted with blankets and mattresses, and there are kittens to be petted and comic books and paperbacks to be read. Scipio, who is living a dual life, is The Thief Lord, a twelve-year-old boy who steals from the rich to support this band of pickpockets and petty thieves and who wears a mask and boots that give him the appearance of a Robin Hood-like figure. New York Times Book Review contributor Rebecca Pepper Sinkler called the girl Hornet "a Wendy for the twenty-first century, she rides herd on the lost boys but doesn't do their laundry."

Scipio usually deals in jewels, which he sells to a fence, but accepts a job to steal a broken wooden wing from a carved lion. The lion is part of a magic carousel that has the power to change children into adults and adults into children. Photographer Ida Spavento, who owns the wing, agrees to give it up as long as the children keep her involved in finding the merry-go-round, and Victor, who begins as an agent of the aunt and uncle, soon finds himself drawn to the plight of the children. Anita L. Burkam wrote in Horn Book that The Thief Lord has a "sweet and comforting conclusion that will satisfy readers whose hearts have been touched" by the characters.

School Library Journal critic John Peters called the book "a compelling tale, rich in ingenious twists, with a setting and cast that will linger in readers' memories," while Sinkler maintained that "what lifts this radiant novel beyond run-of-the-mill fantasy is its palpable respect for both the struggle to grow up and the mixed blessings of growing old."

Guardian Unlimited 's Diana Wynne Jones wrote that Funke's next English-language translation, Inkheart, "is a book about books, a celebration of and a warning about books.… I don't think I've ever read anything that conveys so well the joys, terrors, and pitfalls of reading." Jones felt that some of the characters are not as complete as they might be, but noted that each of the chapters begins with a quotation from a classic children's book, including Wind in the Willows, Peter Pan, and The Hobbit. She added that the quotes have little to do with the content of the chapters, but rather "work more as a rich sample of the books that lie behind Inkheart. "

The girl of the story is Meg, who lives with her book-binder father, Mo, a man with a special gift, or curse. When he reads aloud, the characters from a book are drawn into the real world and replaced with real-world people. Nine years earlier, as Mo read Fenoglio's Inkheart, characters were released, including the evil Capricorn, and Meg's mother disappeared into the book. Meg begins to understand the complexity of the chain of events with the arrival of a stranger named Dustfingers, who refers to Mo as Silvertongue and who wants her father to read a monster out of the story to be used against Capricorn's enemies. School Library Journal reviewer Sharon Rawlins concluded, "This 'story within a story' will delight not just fantasy fans, but all readers who like an exciting plot with larger-than-life characters." A Kirkus Reviews contributor called Inkheart "a true feast for anyone who has ever been lost in a book."

Citation styles

Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA).

Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list.

Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites:

Modern Language Association

The Chicago Manual of Style

American Psychological Association

Notes:

Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates.

In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list.