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mllilji ii "" ' " "" ' " '" ftr9.bscription,per year two dollaes-payable in f i re hut ifnoi paid in advance r dollars gjvaii-t ill 1 i fi ft v cents will be charged .""; rtisfments inserted at 1 for the first and 25cts rsquarefor each subsequent insertion coartorders kjaei 25 per cent higher tlinn these rates a lib j deduction to those who advertise by the year rjjtkbs io llie ed i lor must be post paid the carolina watchman an act to provide for a geological and agricul tural survey of the state sec 1 be it enacted by the general assembly ofthe state of north carolina and it is herehy enacted by the authority of the same that the governor shall as soon as practicable select and appoint some suitable person to conduct under the general supervision of himsell and the literary board a geological mineralo gical botanical and agricultural survey of the state ( new series do this axd llbektvis safe < gen i harrison ( volume vii number 51 for the carolina watchman j j bruner i > " keep a check hpon all tour eelitor 4 proprietor ) rulers mountains i writer observes that the ocean is tlie fittest emblem and conveys the deep ly impression of god's immensity and prnity the alps of his unapproachable : werand everlasting unchangableness inthesea wave succeeds wave forever nod forever billows swell upon billow | 8nd you see no end thereof but in lite \ 4/n man's work enters not there in tbe vast wild he sees no race of man and only among the scenery stamped y with iis creator's immutability and n0Â«'er nature is alwajs inleresting â€” elsewhere she is lovely and beautiful ; jjere she is awful and sublime else where she shrouds all things into a lem porary repose again to clothe them wilh surpassing beauty and verdure : bul here th.ere is no change ; such as lhe first win er beheld them alter they sprang from the hand of iheir great architect such they still remain â€” like himself unchange able and unapproachable the voice ut j man cannot teach that upper air to dis url the sacred calm lhal breathes around that stilly silence which holds forever save where the lauwine wakes ii with a ro/ceof thunder ! in scenes like these the : soul is roused to n more worlds con templation of i he almighty author of crl.htion languages were lonned iu plains and they have no words lo repre sfnt lhe sensations winch au felt amid ihese icy pinnacles and towering alps clod.rd wiih the spotless mantle ol ever lasting snow another writer remarks lhat there is a charm connected with mountains so powerful thai the merest mention of their magnitice.nl features kindles the iinagin ition and carries lhe spirit at once into the bosom of their enchanted legions â€” how lhe mind is filled with their i>t so j liluile ! whoever has not climbed then long healthy ascents and seen the trem bling mountain flowers lhe glow log moss lhe richly tinted lichens under tool ; and scented the fresh aroma of the uncultiva ted sod : heaid the wild cry of the moun tain plaver the raven and eagle : and seen the russet hues of the distaiii slopes the livid gushes of ravines and precipi ces the silver hue ol falling waters nnd the whirling clouds al his leel ; nnd cast his gaze over lakes and forests wide lands and smoking towns to the ocean's brink knows nothing of the splendid scenes fins land affords another speaking of the avalanches in lhe alps says the noise w as indescrib ably deep and awful : reverberating in long repeated echoes which truly inighi be called lhe music nf the mountains and was in perfect harmony with the vast sohl.anity l the scene to these deep echoes succeeded a solium silence nil npain an appalling crash liom another part of the range was repealed h louder bursts respond ing irom mountain to moun tain ii would have requited no very poetic imagination to lia heard amid these sounds the mighty g.-nii of the alps holding conference together in an awlul language that spoke of the feebleness ot human power compared with lhe force and immensity of nature another extract still " in one of the highest regions ol the swiss alps after a lay of excessive labor in reaching the summit of our journey near those thrones erected ages ago for the majesty ol na ture we stopped fatigued and dispirited on a spot destined lo eternal barreness where we found one ol those rude but hos pitable inns to receive us there was not another habitation wiihin many miles â€” all lhe soil which we could see had been brought thither and placed carefully a round liie callage to nourish a few cab bages ar.d lettuces there were some glints which supplied lhe cottagers with milk a tew fowls lived m ihe house and the greatesl luxuries of lhe place re new cheese and some wild alpine rnuttnn the rare provision of the traveller here nature had thrown off the veil find appeared in all her sublimity sum mits of bare granite io>e all around us the snow clad lops of distant alps seem e(l to chill the moon beams thai lighted mliem : and we felt all lhe charms of t picturesque mingled with the awe in spired by unchangeable grandeur we teemed tn have reached the original ele ctors of the globe o'ertopping forever tumults lhe vices and the miseries ci ordinary existence far out of hearing l lhe murmurs of a busy world which ravages and luxury corrupts i c;i"nl for lhe album and a large folio u'Â«s brought to us almost tilled wilh the scrawls o every nation on the earth that could write i copied the following french couplet â€” translated sji i are there nigged realms ; e'en pride is hushed : â„¢ beema mi ire rand man crumbles into dust for the yvaichraan salification of school teach ers notwithstanding ihis boasted age ol liÂ»ht nnd fiy notwithstanding the wisdom and liber '' ol our institutions the genius and mire l'ng labors of our statesmen and distinguish library men ihere slill remain many woful jfnres that our country is only liegiin to e rg from ihat ignorance which enveloped the fi.*er ages ol the world as one proof of . " a*8priifÂ»n let us observe the respect paid j he mass of ihe community to llie education . j"'1 children when iln liquor di inker 5hhs lo ay j a supply ol ids favorite liever â€¢ ti is very particular in procuring lhe lest ,(? dun be can oblain not curing for the ' lien the cuijouiner ul tobacco is abuul to purchose k stork Â«â€¢!' ihe weed lie too is rare fill in selecting what he considers a good arti cle let the price lie what it may when a man purchases a horse lie is willing in pay propor liouahly in lhe qualifies nf the animal and in many eases he selects one al an extravagant price in preference to many others offered on more reasonable terms the land liuyer too select thp lÂ»esl quality of land that lie can oh lain and pays in proportion lo ihe quality and so with all oiher articles f hade r consump tion but when a school teacher is wanted the inquiry is " what is his price " the men lal moral qualifications of the candidates are eniirely overlooked and he who will teach for lhe lra*t omney is ihe man although he knows nothing of the fundamental plinciples ol the sciences which he undertakes lo tench if he has acquired some superficial knowledge ol the use anil power of letters and a very improper method of spelling woid ; if he can rend with out having io spell more than half the words as he proceeds with an ah alb-i each word lo keep up the sound uniil he can determine what he shall call ihe next ; pronouncing not ac roidiug lo any rules hut according in the die ttiei of his own fancy ; if he can apply lo a di.'iioiian loi ih pronunciation of a word and ihere pronounce ii liy guess not understanding the mark thai designate either the sounds ol lhe letters or the accent of words il he can write a tolerably fail hand and lastly though imi the least in importance ; il he will leach i i 5 8 i 10 dollars per month and keep 75 days i i n quarter he is admirably qualified to leach in many school duliicts in our counlry rut il he has ciphered to the single rule of ihree being so far thai he could see through without knowing the reasons or inundation of lhe rules by which he woiked then he is a prodigy ol learning people are astonished ihal ne head can contain so much thus we see lhal men in all ihÂ»*ir business transactions pay particular regard lo iheir pursuits but when ihey come to the education of iheir chil dren a thing which ol all oihers demands their liisl and highest attention ; and in which they should lie the most caieful selecting the best i ks and lhe best qualified teachers they are wholly iiidiffeient not considering that their live or six dollais per month are worse than thrown away on unqualified teachers tor such ihey must be who will teach at such prices who infuse wrong ideas into ihe minds of youth and lad then inio errors of pronunciation and mniuier which ihe uniiost stretch of genius and assiduity can never wholly correct rut say ihey to give a man 15 or 20 dollars per month is ahsoid why we can gel a stout man who inn do more woik than ihey for 8 dollars per mould to make rails and do all kinds of hard work much harder than leaching school which is a mere mailer of moon shine !" and shall we irive those lazy fellows who want lo get iheir living for nothing ihe enormous price of 15 or 20 dollms per month no truly we have more sense than that could anything in the woi id more troii-jh attest the ignorance of the present age than thi course ol conduct nud reasm ing wiih reaped lo the education ol vmiih . ai dini to ihis course of reasoning ihe man who has pent a considerable portion of his iili-iaio-e on hooks and tuition who has spent long year of lhe most assiduous study consilium the midnight oil poring over his i ks in oider in qualify himsell for the in structioii of youth is placed in point of merit ou iiu equal looting with the unlettered african slave who perhaps can split more rails iu a day ihan he therefore ihe unlettered slave should he entrusted wilh the education of youth ai 88 in preference to the qualified teacher at 20 another flu s of the community are opposed to schools al any price under any circumstances he fore lhe free school system went into ope ration this class repelled the attacks of those who assailed them for not educating their chil dren by lhe plausible pretext thai ili-y were m.i abie lo school ihem a fur the present sys tem was adopied this mask ivas rendered use less liny next invejged against this system as being monarchical as inking away ihe liber ties of ihe people by taxing ihem lo support the common hoou while ii i noloiioiis thai those an ihe persons who have no taxes in pay and vet have ihe children thai need the schooling ii is ih-mcf-re evident ihal ilie.e men are hap py in icing ignoiaul themselves and are de i.'muined in transmit their ignorance as a rich legacy unlo llieii issue " the learned is happy nature to explore the fool is happy lhat he knows no nmre ivl f f curiosities of water nor i.s lhe hailstone less soluble in earth ihan in air placed under a bell-glass with twice its weight of lime it gradual ly melts and disappears and there re main lour parts instead of three of per leclly dry earth under the glass of a plaster of paris statue weighing 5 lbs more than 1 lb is solidified water even the precinusfcpal is but a mass of hint nnd water combined in the proportion ol 9 grains of the earthy ingredient to one of the fluid 01 an acre of clay land a foot deep weighing about 1.200 ions at least 400 tons are water and even of the great mountain chains wiih which the globe is ribbed many millions nf tons are water solidified in earlh water in deed exists around us to an extent and under conditions which escape the notice of cursory observers when the dyer buys ol the dr sailer 100 lbs each of al um carbonate of soda and soap he ob tains i exchange for his money no less than 45 lbs of water in the first lot g4 lbs in the second and a variable quanlity sometimes amounting lo 73 lbs in the third even lhe transparent air we breathe contains in ordinary weather about 5 grains of water diffused through each cubic fool of its bulk and this rari lied water no more icets the air than ihe solidified water wets the lime or opal in i which it is absorbed quur review correspondence of the baltimore sun boston april 4 â€” a fugitive slave named symms from savannah was arrested here last night there was considerable excitement on the occasion offieer baleman who arre.ied him wa-i slabbed severely in the groin by the negro he was committed t pii*on '" await an investigation the owner ot the slave is james poi ter of chatham county georgia second despatch boston april 3â€”11 p m the warrant for the arrest of the fugitive alfred sjmin was drained al 1 o'clock to-day by george p curbs e-q policeman asa a bateman's wound in lhe groin is to ihe dejiih of three inch es but i iml dangerous afier his arrest the fngiiive was placed in a carriage al the man m..h h-use and diiven at a rapid rate lo the i i house where he was committed for the niuhi iu the lock ii|i under the court house â€” the fai'l is not generally known this evening hence veiy lillle exeileinenl pie ailed he re sisted again ai the door but was soon over come the owner of the slave is here and liaii fully recognized his properly third despatch boston april 4ih â€” symms the negr fu gitive ane<iied yesterday is claimed hy james p..iier of chatham county geoigia the claimant's testimony was heaid this morning in court and the caÂ«e adjourned to mnriow a meeiing had been called hy some abolition incendiaries lo denounce symms arrrst a man was arrested lasl night lor ringing king chapel hell wilh a view it is supposed of ! collecting a crowd to rescue the fujjitive he was held to bail iu lhe sum of 200 to answer ihe charge note â€” our despatch irom its wording wi mid indicate thai the person arrested was fletcher wehster bul ihis is so obscurely sta ted lhat we forbear saying so fourth depatch boston april 4 8 p m â€” apprehensions are entertained of a serious riot to-night large crowds of negroes are assembled iu the neigh horhood of ihe state house debating upon the best plan of liberating lhe fugitive symms â€” stroii bodies of police guard lhe avenues lead ing to the slate house and lhe authorities evincr every determination to uphold the su premacy of the law from the nat intelligencer the tk1umph of law boston april 12 after the decision of judge woodbury last night that there was no ground to interfere with the cer tificate of mr curtis remanding sims preparations began to be made to convey him back t georgia the brig 4cor/i had been hauled to the end of long wharf having heen previously fitted up lor an extra number of passengers during the night the court house square was filled with a crowd of per sons who were collected in knots dis cussing the matter and occasionally hoot ing at the officers there was however hut little excitement manifested the abolitionists kept a close watch upon the proceedings in and around the court house about four o'clock this morning a large j body of city watchmen who had been on j duty during the night were brought to the i j neighborhood ol court house squarei â€” | ! city marshal tukey then assembled the j police under his command in front ofthe j side entrance to the court house and j formed ihem into a hollow square all things being now ready word was j given to mr devens the united states marshal and sims was brought down and placed in lhe centre of the square â€” j he appeared to be in good spirits â€¢ his j limbs being free from irons or handcuffs j i ol any description the procession was led by the united states marshal and his i deputies followed by the armed police j i the party proceeded through court and j ' stale streets and down long wharf foi j ! lowed by about one hundred abolition ists among whom was the rev mr col ver not the least attempt at violence was made but mr culver and other per sons in the crowd occasionally denounced â€¢ the proceedings and called for the thun j derbolts of heaven to be poured down j upon ihem when the procession reached the wharf the brig was found to be all ready with j the steamer hornet alongside with the steam up sims was taken immediately into the cabin the acorn had two can non on board to protect her from any as sault on the passage the word was given to let go the fas tenings ofthe brig and she was soon un der way about thirty police officers ac companied the vessel as far as lhe steam er went as a protection four officers of j this cily including united states deputy , marshals savin a d bryne will accom j ; pany the fugitive in the vessel to savan j nah just as the vessel was about to | leave the wharf some of the crowd sang | i several hymns such as " from green ; i land's icy mountains " oh there will be , mourning at the judgment seat of christ " be thou oh god exalted high j c one man just as sims was going j j below called out to him to preach liberty to the slave ; and as lhe brig was depart ing the rev mr foster of concord com menced a prayer it was just five when the vessel left ' the abolitionist vigilance committee i met at half past five and passed a teso | lotion respectfully asking the people ol ' massachusetts to toll the bells in the sev i eral towns as the intelligence reached them of the return of a fugitive slave from the commonwealth they have also ap | pointed a meeting for public religious ser vices on the occasion a person with ra i ther loud lungs as the procession passed ! down state street recited the events of j the boston massacre that occurred in | that street before the revolution the fugitive was warmly and comfort | ably clad in garments provided by the i ltntted states marshal last night he \ said he was willing to go and he had re j fused to sign any more papers drawn up ! by the abolitionists saying that he was tired ofthe business the military in considerable numbers were at their armories and fanuil hall j but there being no cause to call upon i thrm to act in the matter and this morn } ing they were dismissed from further duty j the chains have been taken down from j the court house and it has resumed its usual aspect during the night ahby folsom was found lying in the street near the temple and refusing to go home was taken to ihe watch house the senate committee are pushingtheir investigation into the conduct of the state j and city officers in relation to sims quite | closely marshal tukey in his examin i ation said : " i hive not been ordered to assist in taking the prisoner away ex j cepting in the general order to preserve ; peace i think it my duty thereby to see a prisoner conveyed beyond the line of the stale i think our presence will pre vent a man from being killed my men have no weapons such as lire arms or knives last night we put away all weap ons in a safe place my men however hove drilled with arms loaned them by the united states marshal i don't think weapons will he needed as some fifteen hundred or two thousand persons have volunteered in preserving peace one hundred and fifty caulkers three hundred truckmen a company of firemen besides merchants bank directors tradesmen me chanics and many wealthy and respecta ble gentlemen have offered their servi ces i understood that a number of coun trymen excited by inflammatory appeals were coming to town this morning armed with pitchforks c and i had my men posted ready to arrest them wherever found p s the brig acorn containing sims is at anchor in nantasket roads on ac count of the northeast wind and thick weather the ppople nfpetersbnrg nffpr all seem to be manifesting considerable interest in the raleish and gaston railroad and there is som hnpp that thpv will see that it so nearly concerns their welfare for this road to bp kept up that they will he induced to nubÂ«crihp promptly and liheral ly to it the mayor called a public meet ing of th citizens to he held on yesfprday ttipsda f consider what course of ac tion it may be for the interest of peters burg to pursue with rpferencp tn the re consfruction of thp raleigh and gaÂ«ton j railroad under thp new charfpr madp bv i the sfatp of north carolina the intelli ! epneer is urging this subject upon the i consideration of ihe penplp with much force j and demonstrating clearly that it is of vi j tal importance fo the tradp of that place that prompt mpasnres should he taken hy her pcoplp we sincerely trust that thpsp i efforts will not bp in vain hut that the ! ppople of that placp will show that they | infpnd to do their part in this work in ; thp mean limp the friends ofthe road in i this stafp should not bp id!p for it will ! fake no littlp pftorf tn speure its success j wc do not wish to spp this road go down hut unlpss something better is done than 1 has heen we do not see much probability i of thp company for its re construction be ing formed â€” raleigh star sewing machines tbe n york scipntific amprican says thpre arp two es i tahlishmenfs in that city one running 30 i nnd the othpr 50 of thesp machines hv stpam turning out from 300 to 500 pair of i pantaloons in a day ! another establish j ment in boston runs 100 of them the sewing.says the amprican i strong er than thp hand spwing and " wholesale goods madp by it are bpfler and command higher prices than thp hand made clothes we differ entirely from the opinion that thp spwing is stronger we are confi dent it is not as durablp ; and as to the ar ticles commanding a higher price it is â€¢' al in my eve or if rhey do now it is because of thp newness of the thing it j will not he so long if lhe machine can do three times the work of a man and yet i does not cheapen the cost of the article j nor add to its value of what benefit is it ? we look upon it in its present state as ! we do upon many other inventions that i tend to put cheap and worthless articles 1 in the market it will answer very well to sew the rot | ton cloth tbat some p'eople are making by i picking to pieces old woollen clothes to < mix with new wool for weaving ! ! ! fayetteville carolinian good hit in the convention to frame the new ohio constitution the proposition 1 to allow negroes the right to vote receiv i ed 12 votes and that to allow women i the same right 7 the louisville dem i ocrat exclaims thereupon w bat should ! be thought of a state that likes niggers i better than white women h . painful rumors from the south â€” if ei ; iher private or public information is to be i relied upon another scheme of unlawful violence fo be directed against the terri | tory of a friendly power in the form of | an attempl upon cuba is on foot we | have letters from the interior of georgia stating the departure of a number of per sons for the gulf coast intending to meet and organize somewhere on the coast in the neighborhood of appalachicola we have from another point in the same vi cinity the subjoined more distinct state ment of the fact of the departure of a considerable body of men from that point in the same direction we cannot doubt that the authorities ofthe united states civil and naval will be on the look-out to prevent or defeat this new attempt to dishonor this republic in its own estima tion and in the opinion of all the civilized world : â€” nat int from the atlanta ga-1 intelligencer of april 10 one hundred and twenty enterprising looking young men took the macon and western cars from this city this morning bound professedly for california but it is well understood here that their intended i destination is lhe island of cuba sev \ ! eral young men from atlanta joined the company before it left it is perhaps : worthy of notice in this connexion thai ! half a dozen hoxes of rifles were yester day morning shipped on the atlanta and west point railroad from this place p s white esq this gentleman visted charlotte on satur day last and delivered temperance addresses in the afternoon and at ni ht he had full houses on both occasions he is an interesting sppaker or al least his subject gives interest to what he has lu say and his inimitable manner of relating the numerous anecdotes with which i he applies his subject so rivets the attention of his audience that ihey listen wilhout becoming wearied in the leasl the manner in which he scored those opposed to the temperance reformation especially lhe distiller and the rum seller was perfectly excruciating so much so that we understand lhat some of the latter who were present found the place loo hot f>r them on saturday night afier mr white concluded mr osborne was called out after making a short address his with lhe ap peals of mr while to parents induced 42 per sons to give in their names including some of onr most respectable citizens most of whom have joined lhe sons of temperance on tuesday night mr while ajjain address ed a very crowded audience at he court house ihe presbvterion church being considered too small we have never seen more interest | manifested on any occasion after mr white concluded mr young was called out he made some very pertinent and forcible remarks in favor of the cause as soon as he took his seat all were requested to come forward and sign when 45 persons enrolled their names un der lhe temperance banner from the high est lo the lowest officer in our town are sons | of temperance mr white also proposed to open a section of the cadets of temperance this proposition seemed to take wonderfully wilh lhe boys and following lhe example of iheir seniors 45 enrolled iheir names every patent who has sons growing up ought lo feel interested in this rause and as lor us we will in a short lime give what in fluence we may have to its success charlotte jouri.il velocity of light the velocity with which light passes from place to | place is so great that with respect to ter ! restrial distances there seems to be no time occupied in its passage but by means of astronomy not only has the pro ' pagaiion of light been demonstrated but also its velocity calculated with great pre i cisinn â€” from tbe observations which ' have been made it would seem that light ! moves with the prodigious velocity of 200.000 miles in a second of time and consequently would pass around theearth in the eighth part of a second but to i form a clearer conception of its swiftness ' let us suppose that the sun were suddenly ! to be extingui-hed now immense as is , i the distance of the sun from our globe â€” 95.000,000 of miles â€” only about seven min j utes and a half would elapse before wc j would be shrouded in darkness aston 1 ishing as this conclusion may appear no j result of science rests on more certain evidence the darkest hour of all i old m re volutioner who had been through all the hardest fights ot the war of 76 once said that the darkest and most solemn hour nf all to him was that occupied in going home one dark night from the widow : jean's after being told by her daughter 1 sally that there wns no earthly use in his ! coming back any more jesse mcbride who was convicted at the last term of forsyih superior court of circulating an incendiary pamphlet but appealed to the supreme court also : made his appearance this day as he was bound to do no action having been had on the case at the late term of the so â– preme court on account as is supposed ot some informality in the record the ap peal lies over and he was again held to bail in a bond of one thousand dollars for his appeamnce at our next superior court people's press a nice mixtcbe the london times sivs that s sample of coffee was pn duced at a meel og ti thai city â€¢ ',, , '., was coinp ed ol " burnt peas d Â« biscuit pow j dered earth and other materials too horrid to mention sec 2 be it further enacted that it shall be the duty of the person so selected and appointed to examine and survey each and every county of the state to ascertain the different geological forma tions of each county and section of the state ; the nature character and value of its minerals ; the nature and charac ter of its soils and the besl mode of im proving the same ; the nature and kind of its productions their position and relative value its facilities for manufactories the extent and value of its water-power the character and value of its botanical productions the character and value of its timber and all other facts connected wilh the subjects of geology mineralogy botany and agriculture which may tend to a full development of the resources ol our state : and that the said person so selected and appointed to conduct said survey shall be authorized to employ such agents and assistants lo be approved of by the governor as mav be necessary to enable him speedy and successfully to ac complish the objects committed to his charge and he shall from time to time communicate to the governor to be by him communicated to the legislature a report or reports in writing setting lorth fully the results of his survey which re ports shall be published under the super vision ol the goveriiorand literary board sec 3 be it further enacted that thp expenditures incurred by said survey shall not exceed live thousand dollars per an num to be paid by the public treasurer upon the warrant of the governor out of i any moneys in the treasury not otber ' wise appropriated sec 4 be il further enacted that it shall be the duty of the person making ; such survey to deliver lectures upon the j subjects committed to his charge in the j villages through which he shall pass ; provided that he shall not thereby delay i his other duties ratified 24th january 1851 stockholder's meeting at a meeting of lhe norlh carolina stock i holders of lhe charlotte and s carolina kail ! road in charlotte on the 5th of april 1Â«51 on motion of j ii wilson rev cyrusjubn ston was called lo the chair and samuel j lowrie and e c grier were appointed se cretaries the president of the company e g palm er made a staiement as to the progress of lha i road and an explanation of proceedings of lha late meeiing ollhe south carolina directorial winnsborougb and stated lhal the resolution passed by that body were improperly worded ! and lhat no disrespect to the n carolina stock | holders was intended the following resolution was offered hy wm johnston e?q which was unanimously adopted : resolved that we are much gratified at the success ol the charlotte and south carolina rail road as f.ir as completed and that we do \ herehy authorize the presideni and directors â€¢ lo call in all the north carolina stock as fast ; as may be necesary for the speedy completion ofthe road the meeting then adjourned cyrus johos ton chairman s j lowrik ) t . â€ž _ ., } secretaries e c grier s small mouth one husband large two old gov l . of vermont was one ofthe most inveterate jokers of the early times in which he figured an an ecdote is told of him which has never been related in print and never can be perhaps with much effect but we will try it one fall as he was returning from the leg islature on horseback as usual at that day he was hailed from a house by a garru lous old maid w ho had often annoyed him with questions respecting public affnirs 'â€¢ well governar said she coming out towards the road what new laws have you passed at monlpelier this time ."' â€¢â€¢ well one rather singular law among the rest he replied dew tell ! now what is it govern or v asked the excited querist â€¢â€¢ why thai the woman u each town who has the smallest mouth shall be war ranted a husband " why whai !" said she drawing her mouth to the smallest compass what a queer curious lor tbat is â€¢â€¢ yes but we bave passed another that beats that â€” the won no w ho has the larg est mouth is lo have two husbands â€¢â€¢ why whai !" exclaimed lhe old maid instantly relaxing her mouth and stretch ing it wider at every syllable what a remarkable law thai is when does it come in force governor f at this the governor put spurs to his horse nnd vanished green mountain freeman " letters of fire his until lately been nna of llmse stock phiases of poet in use sine homer's inie it is understood as l-eing en tirely figurative and lypical of eoduriug fame 1 but warnock the halter in the first story of ihe irving house has written his name in ac ' lu,,j firpjlmosl material gas light as soon as broadway grows dark the word â€¢â€¢ wornock " formed by a hundred jets of gas blazes out over the street from his window lighting the way lo a choice and rlegant hock of hall 1 mr warnock il is rle*r doe no bide hi light â€¢ i r ;; hi .;.â€¢ â– :â€” i is Â« wi proved by lha m_l Â« of his hi'.i x y tribune salisbury n c thursday april 24 1851 correspondence of the baltimore sun

mllilji ii "" ' " "" ' " '" ftr9.bscription,per year two dollaes-payable in f i re hut ifnoi paid in advance r dollars gjvaii-t ill 1 i fi ft v cents will be charged .""; rtisfments inserted at 1 for the first and 25cts rsquarefor each subsequent insertion coartorders kjaei 25 per cent higher tlinn these rates a lib j deduction to those who advertise by the year rjjtkbs io llie ed i lor must be post paid the carolina watchman an act to provide for a geological and agricul tural survey of the state sec 1 be it enacted by the general assembly ofthe state of north carolina and it is herehy enacted by the authority of the same that the governor shall as soon as practicable select and appoint some suitable person to conduct under the general supervision of himsell and the literary board a geological mineralo gical botanical and agricultural survey of the state ( new series do this axd llbektvis safe < gen i harrison ( volume vii number 51 for the carolina watchman j j bruner i > " keep a check hpon all tour eelitor 4 proprietor ) rulers mountains i writer observes that the ocean is tlie fittest emblem and conveys the deep ly impression of god's immensity and prnity the alps of his unapproachable : werand everlasting unchangableness inthesea wave succeeds wave forever nod forever billows swell upon billow | 8nd you see no end thereof but in lite \ 4/n man's work enters not there in tbe vast wild he sees no race of man and only among the scenery stamped y with iis creator's immutability and n0Â«'er nature is alwajs inleresting â€” elsewhere she is lovely and beautiful ; jjere she is awful and sublime else where she shrouds all things into a lem porary repose again to clothe them wilh surpassing beauty and verdure : bul here th.ere is no change ; such as lhe first win er beheld them alter they sprang from the hand of iheir great architect such they still remain â€” like himself unchange able and unapproachable the voice ut j man cannot teach that upper air to dis url the sacred calm lhal breathes around that stilly silence which holds forever save where the lauwine wakes ii with a ro/ceof thunder ! in scenes like these the : soul is roused to n more worlds con templation of i he almighty author of crl.htion languages were lonned iu plains and they have no words lo repre sfnt lhe sensations winch au felt amid ihese icy pinnacles and towering alps clod.rd wiih the spotless mantle ol ever lasting snow another writer remarks lhat there is a charm connected with mountains so powerful thai the merest mention of their magnitice.nl features kindles the iinagin ition and carries lhe spirit at once into the bosom of their enchanted legions â€” how lhe mind is filled with their i>t so j liluile ! whoever has not climbed then long healthy ascents and seen the trem bling mountain flowers lhe glow log moss lhe richly tinted lichens under tool ; and scented the fresh aroma of the uncultiva ted sod : heaid the wild cry of the moun tain plaver the raven and eagle : and seen the russet hues of the distaiii slopes the livid gushes of ravines and precipi ces the silver hue ol falling waters nnd the whirling clouds al his leel ; nnd cast his gaze over lakes and forests wide lands and smoking towns to the ocean's brink knows nothing of the splendid scenes fins land affords another speaking of the avalanches in lhe alps says the noise w as indescrib ably deep and awful : reverberating in long repeated echoes which truly inighi be called lhe music nf the mountains and was in perfect harmony with the vast sohl.anity l the scene to these deep echoes succeeded a solium silence nil npain an appalling crash liom another part of the range was repealed h louder bursts respond ing irom mountain to moun tain ii would have requited no very poetic imagination to lia heard amid these sounds the mighty g.-nii of the alps holding conference together in an awlul language that spoke of the feebleness ot human power compared with lhe force and immensity of nature another extract still " in one of the highest regions ol the swiss alps after a lay of excessive labor in reaching the summit of our journey near those thrones erected ages ago for the majesty ol na ture we stopped fatigued and dispirited on a spot destined lo eternal barreness where we found one ol those rude but hos pitable inns to receive us there was not another habitation wiihin many miles â€” all lhe soil which we could see had been brought thither and placed carefully a round liie callage to nourish a few cab bages ar.d lettuces there were some glints which supplied lhe cottagers with milk a tew fowls lived m ihe house and the greatesl luxuries of lhe place re new cheese and some wild alpine rnuttnn the rare provision of the traveller here nature had thrown off the veil find appeared in all her sublimity sum mits of bare granite io>e all around us the snow clad lops of distant alps seem e(l to chill the moon beams thai lighted mliem : and we felt all lhe charms of t picturesque mingled with the awe in spired by unchangeable grandeur we teemed tn have reached the original ele ctors of the globe o'ertopping forever tumults lhe vices and the miseries ci ordinary existence far out of hearing l lhe murmurs of a busy world which ravages and luxury corrupts i c;i"nl for lhe album and a large folio u'Â«s brought to us almost tilled wilh the scrawls o every nation on the earth that could write i copied the following french couplet â€” translated sji i are there nigged realms ; e'en pride is hushed : â„¢ beema mi ire rand man crumbles into dust for the yvaichraan salification of school teach ers notwithstanding ihis boasted age ol liÂ»ht nnd fiy notwithstanding the wisdom and liber '' ol our institutions the genius and mire l'ng labors of our statesmen and distinguish library men ihere slill remain many woful jfnres that our country is only liegiin to e rg from ihat ignorance which enveloped the fi.*er ages ol the world as one proof of . " a*8priifÂ»n let us observe the respect paid j he mass of ihe community to llie education . j"'1 children when iln liquor di inker 5hhs lo ay j a supply ol ids favorite liever â€¢ ti is very particular in procuring lhe lest ,(? dun be can oblain not curing for the ' lien the cuijouiner ul tobacco is abuul to purchose k stork Â«â€¢!' ihe weed lie too is rare fill in selecting what he considers a good arti cle let the price lie what it may when a man purchases a horse lie is willing in pay propor liouahly in lhe qualifies nf the animal and in many eases he selects one al an extravagant price in preference to many others offered on more reasonable terms the land liuyer too select thp lÂ»esl quality of land that lie can oh lain and pays in proportion lo ihe quality and so with all oiher articles f hade r consump tion but when a school teacher is wanted the inquiry is " what is his price " the men lal moral qualifications of the candidates are eniirely overlooked and he who will teach for lhe lra*t omney is ihe man although he knows nothing of the fundamental plinciples ol the sciences which he undertakes lo tench if he has acquired some superficial knowledge ol the use anil power of letters and a very improper method of spelling woid ; if he can rend with out having io spell more than half the words as he proceeds with an ah alb-i each word lo keep up the sound uniil he can determine what he shall call ihe next ; pronouncing not ac roidiug lo any rules hut according in the die ttiei of his own fancy ; if he can apply lo a di.'iioiian loi ih pronunciation of a word and ihere pronounce ii liy guess not understanding the mark thai designate either the sounds ol lhe letters or the accent of words il he can write a tolerably fail hand and lastly though imi the least in importance ; il he will leach i i 5 8 i 10 dollars per month and keep 75 days i i n quarter he is admirably qualified to leach in many school duliicts in our counlry rut il he has ciphered to the single rule of ihree being so far thai he could see through without knowing the reasons or inundation of lhe rules by which he woiked then he is a prodigy ol learning people are astonished ihal ne head can contain so much thus we see lhal men in all ihÂ»*ir business transactions pay particular regard lo iheir pursuits but when ihey come to the education of iheir chil dren a thing which ol all oihers demands their liisl and highest attention ; and in which they should lie the most caieful selecting the best i ks and lhe best qualified teachers they are wholly iiidiffeient not considering that their live or six dollais per month are worse than thrown away on unqualified teachers tor such ihey must be who will teach at such prices who infuse wrong ideas into ihe minds of youth and lad then inio errors of pronunciation and mniuier which ihe uniiost stretch of genius and assiduity can never wholly correct rut say ihey to give a man 15 or 20 dollars per month is ahsoid why we can gel a stout man who inn do more woik than ihey for 8 dollars per mould to make rails and do all kinds of hard work much harder than leaching school which is a mere mailer of moon shine !" and shall we irive those lazy fellows who want lo get iheir living for nothing ihe enormous price of 15 or 20 dollms per month no truly we have more sense than that could anything in the woi id more troii-jh attest the ignorance of the present age than thi course ol conduct nud reasm ing wiih reaped lo the education ol vmiih . ai dini to ihis course of reasoning ihe man who has pent a considerable portion of his iili-iaio-e on hooks and tuition who has spent long year of lhe most assiduous study consilium the midnight oil poring over his i ks in oider in qualify himsell for the in structioii of youth is placed in point of merit ou iiu equal looting with the unlettered african slave who perhaps can split more rails iu a day ihan he therefore ihe unlettered slave should he entrusted wilh the education of youth ai 88 in preference to the qualified teacher at 20 another flu s of the community are opposed to schools al any price under any circumstances he fore lhe free school system went into ope ration this class repelled the attacks of those who assailed them for not educating their chil dren by lhe plausible pretext thai ili-y were m.i abie lo school ihem a fur the present sys tem was adopied this mask ivas rendered use less liny next invejged against this system as being monarchical as inking away ihe liber ties of ihe people by taxing ihem lo support the common hoou while ii i noloiioiis thai those an ihe persons who have no taxes in pay and vet have ihe children thai need the schooling ii is ih-mcf-re evident ihal ilie.e men are hap py in icing ignoiaul themselves and are de i.'muined in transmit their ignorance as a rich legacy unlo llieii issue " the learned is happy nature to explore the fool is happy lhat he knows no nmre ivl f f curiosities of water nor i.s lhe hailstone less soluble in earth ihan in air placed under a bell-glass with twice its weight of lime it gradual ly melts and disappears and there re main lour parts instead of three of per leclly dry earth under the glass of a plaster of paris statue weighing 5 lbs more than 1 lb is solidified water even the precinusfcpal is but a mass of hint nnd water combined in the proportion ol 9 grains of the earthy ingredient to one of the fluid 01 an acre of clay land a foot deep weighing about 1.200 ions at least 400 tons are water and even of the great mountain chains wiih which the globe is ribbed many millions nf tons are water solidified in earlh water in deed exists around us to an extent and under conditions which escape the notice of cursory observers when the dyer buys ol the dr sailer 100 lbs each of al um carbonate of soda and soap he ob tains i exchange for his money no less than 45 lbs of water in the first lot g4 lbs in the second and a variable quanlity sometimes amounting lo 73 lbs in the third even lhe transparent air we breathe contains in ordinary weather about 5 grains of water diffused through each cubic fool of its bulk and this rari lied water no more icets the air than ihe solidified water wets the lime or opal in i which it is absorbed quur review correspondence of the baltimore sun boston april 4 â€” a fugitive slave named symms from savannah was arrested here last night there was considerable excitement on the occasion offieer baleman who arre.ied him wa-i slabbed severely in the groin by the negro he was committed t pii*on '" await an investigation the owner ot the slave is james poi ter of chatham county georgia second despatch boston april 3â€”11 p m the warrant for the arrest of the fugitive alfred sjmin was drained al 1 o'clock to-day by george p curbs e-q policeman asa a bateman's wound in lhe groin is to ihe dejiih of three inch es but i iml dangerous afier his arrest the fngiiive was placed in a carriage al the man m..h h-use and diiven at a rapid rate lo the i i house where he was committed for the niuhi iu the lock ii|i under the court house â€” the fai'l is not generally known this evening hence veiy lillle exeileinenl pie ailed he re sisted again ai the door but was soon over come the owner of the slave is here and liaii fully recognized his properly third despatch boston april 4ih â€” symms the negr fu gitive aner them on saturday night afier mr white concluded mr osborne was called out after making a short address his with lhe ap peals of mr while to parents induced 42 per sons to give in their names including some of onr most respectable citizens most of whom have joined lhe sons of temperance on tuesday night mr while ajjain address ed a very crowded audience at he court house ihe presbvterion church being considered too small we have never seen more interest | manifested on any occasion after mr white concluded mr young was called out he made some very pertinent and forcible remarks in favor of the cause as soon as he took his seat all were requested to come forward and sign when 45 persons enrolled their names un der lhe temperance banner from the high est lo the lowest officer in our town are sons | of temperance mr white also proposed to open a section of the cadets of temperance this proposition seemed to take wonderfully wilh lhe boys and following lhe example of iheir seniors 45 enrolled iheir names every patent who has sons growing up ought lo feel interested in this rause and as lor us we will in a short lime give what in fluence we may have to its success charlotte jouri.il velocity of light the velocity with which light passes from place to | place is so great that with respect to ter ! restrial distances there seems to be no time occupied in its passage but by means of astronomy not only has the pro ' pagaiion of light been demonstrated but also its velocity calculated with great pre i cisinn â€” from tbe observations which ' have been made it would seem that light ! moves with the prodigious velocity of 200.000 miles in a second of time and consequently would pass around theearth in the eighth part of a second but to i form a clearer conception of its swiftness ' let us suppose that the sun were suddenly ! to be extingui-hed now immense as is , i the distance of the sun from our globe â€” 95.000,000 of miles â€” only about seven min j utes and a half would elapse before wc j would be shrouded in darkness aston 1 ishing as this conclusion may appear no j result of science rests on more certain evidence the darkest hour of all i old m re volutioner who had been through all the hardest fights ot the war of 76 once said that the darkest and most solemn hour nf all to him was that occupied in going home one dark night from the widow : jean's after being told by her daughter 1 sally that there wns no earthly use in his ! coming back any more jesse mcbride who was convicted at the last term of forsyih superior court of circulating an incendiary pamphlet but appealed to the supreme court also : made his appearance this day as he was bound to do no action having been had on the case at the late term of the so â– preme court on account as is supposed ot some informality in the record the ap peal lies over and he was again held to bail in a bond of one thousand dollars for his appeamnce at our next superior court people's press a nice mixtcbe the london times sivs that s sample of coffee was pn duced at a meel og ti thai city â€¢ ',, , '., was coinp ed ol " burnt peas d Â« biscuit pow j dered earth and other materials too horrid to mention sec 2 be it further enacted that it shall be the duty of the person so selected and appointed to examine and survey each and every county of the state to ascertain the different geological forma tions of each county and section of the state ; the nature character and value of its minerals ; the nature and charac ter of its soils and the besl mode of im proving the same ; the nature and kind of its productions their position and relative value its facilities for manufactories the extent and value of its water-power the character and value of its botanical productions the character and value of its timber and all other facts connected wilh the subjects of geology mineralogy botany and agriculture which may tend to a full development of the resources ol our state : and that the said person so selected and appointed to conduct said survey shall be authorized to employ such agents and assistants lo be approved of by the governor as mav be necessary to enable him speedy and successfully to ac complish the objects committed to his charge and he shall from time to time communicate to the governor to be by him communicated to the legislature a report or reports in writing setting lorth fully the results of his survey which re ports shall be published under the super vision ol the goveriiorand literary board sec 3 be it further enacted that thp expenditures incurred by said survey shall not exceed live thousand dollars per an num to be paid by the public treasurer upon the warrant of the governor out of i any moneys in the treasury not otber ' wise appropriated sec 4 be il further enacted that it shall be the duty of the person making ; such survey to deliver lectures upon the j subjects committed to his charge in the j villages through which he shall pass ; provided that he shall not thereby delay i his other duties ratified 24th january 1851 stockholder's meeting at a meeting of lhe norlh carolina stock i holders of lhe charlotte and s carolina kail ! road in charlotte on the 5th of april 1Â«51 on motion of j ii wilson rev cyrusjubn ston was called lo the chair and samuel j lowrie and e c grier were appointed se cretaries the president of the company e g palm er made a staiement as to the progress of lha i road and an explanation of proceedings of lha late meeiing ollhe south carolina directorial winnsborougb and stated lhal the resolution passed by that body were improperly worded ! and lhat no disrespect to the n carolina stock | holders was intended the following resolution was offered hy wm johnston e?q which was unanimously adopted : resolved that we are much gratified at the success ol the charlotte and south carolina rail road as f.ir as completed and that we do \ herehy authorize the presideni and directors â€¢ lo call in all the north carolina stock as fast ; as may be necesary for the speedy completion ofthe road the meeting then adjourned cyrus johos ton chairman s j lowrik ) t . â€ž _ ., } secretaries e c grier s small mouth one husband large two old gov l . of vermont was one ofthe most inveterate jokers of the early times in which he figured an an ecdote is told of him which has never been related in print and never can be perhaps with much effect but we will try it one fall as he was returning from the leg islature on horseback as usual at that day he was hailed from a house by a garru lous old maid w ho had often annoyed him with questions respecting public affnirs 'â€¢ well governar said she coming out towards the road what new laws have you passed at monlpelier this time ."' â€¢â€¢ well one rather singular law among the rest he replied dew tell ! now what is it govern or v asked the excited querist â€¢â€¢ why thai the woman u each town who has the smallest mouth shall be war ranted a husband " why whai !" said she drawing her mouth to the smallest compass what a queer curious lor tbat is â€¢â€¢ yes but we bave passed another that beats that â€” the won no w ho has the larg est mouth is lo have two husbands â€¢â€¢ why whai !" exclaimed lhe old maid instantly relaxing her mouth and stretch ing it wider at every syllable what a remarkable law thai is when does it come in force governor f at this the governor put spurs to his horse nnd vanished green mountain freeman " letters of fire his until lately been nna of llmse stock phiases of poet in use sine homer's inie it is understood as l-eing en tirely figurative and lypical of eoduriug fame 1 but warnock the halter in the first story of ihe irving house has written his name in ac ' lu,,j firpjlmosl material gas light as soon as broadway grows dark the word â€¢â€¢ wornock " formed by a hundred jets of gas blazes out over the street from his window lighting the way lo a choice and rlegant hock of hall 1 mr warnock il is rle*r doe no bide hi light â€¢ i r ;; hi .;.â€¢ â– :â€” i is Â« wi proved by lha m_l Â« of his hi'.i x y tribune salisbury n c thursday april 24 1851 correspondence of the baltimore sun