WORKER’S PARTICIPATION
There are two distinct groups of people in an undertaking:

Managers performing managerial functions. managers are held responsible for the work of their subordinates.

Workers performing operative functions. workers are accountable only for their own work

Participation may be defined as taking part in sharing of power and status between the managers and the workers.

Workers participation in management seeks to bridge this gap authorising workers to take part in the managerial process.

Thus, workers’ participation in management means giving scope for workers to influence the managerial decision making process at different levels by various forms in the organization.

MODES OF PARTICIPATION
JOINT MANAGEMENT COUNCIL: It involves setting up of joint committees represented by the workers and the management to discuss and give suggestions for improvement with regard to matters of mutual interest. The decisions of such committees are not binding on either party, yet they are implemented as they are arrived at by mutual consultations. The subject-matter of joint consultations includes such problem areas as labour welfare, safety measures, grievance redressal, training, working hours, etc.

JOINT MANAGEMENT COUNCIL
JMCs represent a higher form of workers participation in management. The aim is to change the social structure of enterprises from inside. They lead the private sector to fit into the framework of socialist order – the idea that socialist order should be achieved by gradual and peaceful changes.AN UNDERTAKING MUST MEET THE FOLLOWING REQUIREMENTS FOR SETTING UP JMCS:
It must have 500 or more employees.
It should have a fair record of industrial relations.
It should have a strong and well organized trade union.
Willingness of employers, workers and trade unions.
The union should be affiliated to one of the central federations.

FEATURES
Each organization shall decide about the councils.
The tenure of the councils should be 2 years.
Chief executive shall be the chairman .
A Secretary should be appointed.
Meeting at least once in a quarter .
Decisions based on consensus not by voting.

FUNCTIONS
Settlements of matters .
Unit level matters having bearing in/on other branches or on enterprise .
Development of skills ,safety measures.
Improvement of general conditions of work.
Preparation of schedules of working hours and holidays.
Proper recognition and appreciation of useful suggestions of workers .
All matters, such as, wages, bonus etc, which are subjects for collective bargaining are excluded from the scope of the council. Individual grievances are also excluded from its scope.