renaissance and reformation

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Transcript of renaissance and reformation

Renaissance and Reformation Introduction Effect of European Outlook Shaping Religious and Political Life Transition from Middle Ages to the Renaissance Humanist views and philosophies influenced the artists’ new style of art.•They Painted frescos •Religious scenes•Leonardo da Vinci used his detailed knowledge of anatomy, light, botany and geology incorporate into his art•They used a realistic perspective•Artists studied light, shadows, and human anatomy, like Leonardo-The Renaissance man: was a well-rounded man, developing his full potential intellectually, artistically, and physically. -The greatest examples of Renaissance men are Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. -Leonardo da Vinci- was an artist, gifted scientist, mathematician, architect, engineer, botanist, anatomist, artist, musician, and inventor.-Michelangelo- was an artist, a painter, sculptor, poet, architect, and literary scholar. Location Reason for Reformation Martin Luther Loss in Pope's Power Erasmus John Calvin Spread of Protestantism King Henry VIII Conclusion renaissance and reformationintroductioneffects of euro outlook <<<transition from MA to Renlocationsec viewart/ren manshaping religious and political life <<<reason for reformationerasmusluthercalvinhenryspread of protestantismconclusion The Renaissance was a time in history after the Middle Ages that sparked an interest in ancient cultures, and a realization for human worth. The Renaissance was a period of recovery from the Middle Ages' plague, political instability and decline of church power.The Renaissance was known as a "rebirth". Sudden realization of significance of human worth and revival of art, literature, music, and architecture. Secular views began to make the Pope less popular.People were already critical of the Pope's abilities from when the Plague struck Europe.Many scholars turned to science as their "means of religion" instead of Catholicism. Humanism was based on the study of the literary works of ancient Greece and Rome.

Art -Where: The Renaissance started in Italy and spread throughout Europe. There was a revival of Roman literature, art, music, and architecture. And there were rich trade cities; Venice and Florence.-When: The Renaissance was a period between 1350-1600. It was hard to reach Northern Europe because of Feudalism and isolation. The perfect Christian humanist: intelligent, wise, persistentHe grew concerned about his salvation. Turned to the Bible for an answer. After endless research, he drew the conclusion that only faith in God could gain one salvation. This differed from one of the core values of Catholicism:t faith and good works to achieve salvation. Luther was strongly against indulgences being sold by the Pope to buy less time in hell or purgatory. With his publication of the "95 theses", Luther criticized the power of the Pope, the wealth of the church, and indulgences. In the Edict of Worms, Pope Leo X ordered Luther to abandon his beliefs. Luther refused, resulting in his excommunication. German princes accepted Luther's ideas because they wanted freedom from Rome= Lutheranism. King of England from 1509-1547He wanted to divorce his wife because she couldn't bear a male child. He asked the Pope for an annul, but it was declared invalid. King Henry VIII turned to the Church Courts of England, and used the advancements in the Protestant Reformation as grounds for formation of a new religion. King Henry was deemed the only supreme head of the new Church of England by the Act of Supremacy (1534)The only prominent difference between the Church of England and Catholicism was the ability for King Henry VIII to Annul.

-Was a Christian Humanist, Catholic Priest, teacher, and social critic. -Erasmus wanted reform within the Catholic church, but he did not wish to break away. -He called his view of religion “the philosophy of Christ.” -He stressed the inwardness feeling of religion, feeling that the external forms (pilgrimages, fasts, relics) were not at all important. -He wrote The Praise of Folly which humorously criticized aspects of his society that he believed were most in need of reform. -It is said that Erasmus laid the egg and Luther hatched it. -Calvin published his work Institutes of the Christian religion which was a summary of Protestant thought, and immediately gave Calvin a reputation as one of the new leaders of Protestantism. -Calvin like Luther believed in the doctrine of justification by faith alone to explain how humans achieved salvation. -He also placed emphasis on the all-powerful nature of God. He called this the “power of grace, and glory of God.” -He also believed in predestination, meaning God chose some people to be saved (the elect; go to heaven) and others to be damned (the reprobate; go to hell). -Calvin spread Protestant ideas by writing about his beliefs. He later went to Geneva and created a church government that used both clergy and laity in the service of the church. -Calvinism soon replaced Lutheranism as the most important and dynamic form of Protestantism. - Calvinism led to:•Calvinism in Switzerland •Puritans in England •Presbyterians in Scotland•The Dutch Reform in Holland•Huguenots in France•The Reform of the Church in Germany The Middle Ages was a time of great decline from ancient Roman and Greek cultures. From 476-1502 B.C.E.Remembered as the time of the Crusades, feudalism and the Black Death The Protestant Reformation divided the western Church into Catholic and Protestant groups. As the Reformation spread different forms of Protestantism emerged in Europe. The Catholic Church underwent revitalization under direct rule of Pope Paul III. Rulers used this reformation to break away from the political reign of the Pope. The Renaissance and Reformation were epochs in history that significantly modified the viewpoints and ideals of those living at that time. People no longer relyed on the previous events or words as the moral by which they lived. Each made his own path, both politically and religiously. Political: Many supporters of the Protestant Reformation cared little about the outcome for religious matters. These supporters solely wanted to free themselves and their land from the omniscient RomeReligious: Radicals like Martin Luther, Erasmus and John Calvin provoked the reformation because they believed Catholicism and the Pope needed improvement. Europe was completely dominated by the Roman Catholic Church.Luther wanted to rid corruption and restore faith in Catholicism.However, the Catholic Church would not listen to Luther's plans for reformation.Resulted in a permanent split in Christianity. (Catholicism vs. Protestantism) The fourteenth through the seventeenth century was a time known as The Renaissance and Reformation in Europe. It was a time of change, and people no longer relied on the knowledge of others. Both religious and political views changed throughout this time period. By Hailey Noble and Annie Arthur Works Cited: Euro History Notes World History Text Book