In addition to the following descriptive notes many of the techniques are demonstrated in the video of Martin Edge and myself shooting various subjects (shot and edited by Jo Horrocks of Cuttlefish Productions.)

Combating Backscatter

Backscatter is caused by an excessive overlap in the camera cone and lighting cone. Reducing this overlap will prevent at best or at least reduce the impact of backscatter on your images.

Proximity

Getting closer to subject is MORE important than position of strobes.

Where visibility is poor, go for wider lens i.e. 60mm rather than 105mm or consider Close Focus Wide Angle(CFWA) using a fish-eye + tele-converter.

Tight framing removing background water can reduce the impact of backscatter.

Strobes

Use a single strobe makes lighting more manageable.

Turn off the strobes and shoot with a higher ISO using natural light.

Reduce power setting on strobes and concentrate light on main subject and use ambient light to fill in with a slower shutter speed.

Use of snoot or off camera strobes, thus reducing lens/light cone overlap.