Women Who Drink More Water Get Fewer UTIs

A woman drinks from a water bottle in Portland, Oregon May 23, 2014. REUTERS/Steve Dipaola

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By Lisa Rapaport(Reuters Health)

Women who drink extra water to avoid urinary tract infections (UTIs) may be on to something. A new experiment offers fresh evidence that drinking more water each day can make UTIs less frequent

For the study, researchers focused on 140 women with recurrent UTIs who typically drank fewer than 1.5 liters of fluid (about six 8-ounce glasses) a day. For 12 months, researchers asked half of these women to continue their usual fluid intake and asked the other half to drink an additional 1.5 liters of water daily.

Over the year, women who drank more water had an average of 1.7 UTIs, compared with 3.2 on average for women who didn’t add extra water to their diets, the experiment found.

“The data strongly suggest that hydration status is associated with UTI risk,” said lead study author Dr. Thomas M. Hooton, of the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine.

“If a woman has recurrent UTI, she should consider her daily fluid intake and try to increase it to at least two to three liters a day,” Hooton said by email.

Roughly half of women will experience at least one UTI at some point, researchers note in JAMA Internal Medicine. Once women do have that first UTI, 27 percent of them will have another one within six months, and 44 percent to 70 percent will have another UTI within a year.

Women have long been advised that staying hydrated can help minimize their risk of these infections. But until now, researchers didn’t have decisive proof that drinking more water can prevent UTIs, the study authors note.

The women in the current study were generally healthy, but they had experienced at least three UTIs in the previous year, including at least one infection that had been confirmed by a clinician with urine tests.

All of the participants also reported drinking less than 1.5 liters of fluid daily

Among women assigned to increase their water intake, participants drank an average of 1.7 liters more of fluids each day by the end of the study than they did at the start. Women in the control group that wasn’t asked to boost water consumption didn’t experience a meaningful change in fluid intake over the course of the study.

One limitation of the study is that it was done at a single location, making it possible that results could be different for patients elsewhere, the authors note.

Results for these women at high risk for repeat UTIs also might differ from what would happen with women with a lower risk of UTIs, noted Dr. Deborah Grady, author of an accompanying editorial and a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.

It’s also hard to give women an exact amount of water to consume to prevent UTIs, Grady said by email.

“The theory is that drinking more water results in more urine production, which flushes out bacteria in the bladderand prevents infection,” Grady said. “More water usually isn’t harmful, but it can result in the need for frequent urination and having to get up at night to urinate.”