Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS

Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE

Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS

Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE

Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products

Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Y02P70/52—Manufacturing of products or systems for producing renewable energy

Y02P70/525—Hydropower turbines

Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS

Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE

Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der in den Figuren dargestellten Beispielen näher erläutert. In the following the invention is explained in detail with reference to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS examples.

Es zeigen: Show it:

Fig.1 Fig.1

Schematisch den Aufbau einer Anlage zur Durchführung des neuen Verfahrens; Schematically, the structure of a plant for carrying out the new method;

Fig.2 Fig.2

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines hergestellten Werkstückes; is a schematic side view of a workpiece produced;

Fig. 8a, 8b und 8c zeigen eine Seitenansicht einer Peltonschaufel während dreier Phasen des Herstellungsprozesses. Fig. 8a, 8b and 8c show a side view of the Pelton bucket during three stages of the manufacturing process.Das Werkstück 81 wird durch Freiformschweissen in Schichten aufgebeut, wobei die jeweils zuletzt aufzutragende Schicht 83 vorzugsweise horizontal zu liegen kommt, in dem das Werkstück 81 entsprechend geneigt wird. The workpiece 81 is aufgebeut by a weld material in layers, with the last to be applied in each layer 83 preferably comes to rest horizontally, in which the workpiece 81 is correspondingly inclined.Es werden Schweissmaterialschichten aufgetragen, bis die Form der Peltonschaufel 82 erreicht ist. It can be applied to the shape of the Pelton bucket 82 is reached welding material layers.Während der Herstellung kann durch das frei wählbare Arbeitstempo und andere geeignete Massnahmen, wie zB Kühlen, Erwärmen oder Unterbruch des Freiformschweissens, eine zu hohe oder zu tiefe Temperatur der Schaufel vermieden werden und, für die Gefügestruktur wichtig, ähnliche Abkühlbedingungen erreicht werden. During the manufacture of similar cooling conditions can be avoided and, important for the microstructure through the freely selectable pace of work, and other suitable measures, such as cooling, heating or interruption of the Freiformschweissens, too high or too low temperature of the blade can be achieved.Das formgebende Auftragsschweissen kann durch andere Bearbeitungsvorgänge am Werkstück unterbrochen werden, zB zur Bearbeitung der Oberfläche mit einem Fräser zu einem Zeitpunkt, da die zu bearbeitenden Oberflächen noch vorteilhaft zugänglich sind. The shaping build-up welding can be interrupted by other machining operations on the workpiece, for example for treatment of the surface with a cutter at a time, since the surfaces to be machined are still advantageous accessed.Während der Herstellung eines Peltonrades kann zB ein Teil einer Schaufel durch Freiformschweissen erstellt werden und andere Schaufeln des Rades gleichzeitig, zB mechanisch, bearbeitet werden. During the manufacture of a Pelton wheel, a part of a blade can for example be created by a weld and other blades of the wheel at the same time, for example, be mechanically processed.

Claims (13)

A method of production of metal workpieces by a welding equipment,
the workpiece (1;21) being built up in layers from runs of weld material
and also with an auxillary supporting device, by a model of the
body volume of a workpiece (1;21) being dissected by a computer programme
into a foundation body (2;22;72) and a plurality of layers, from which
the welding strategy, i.e., the run of weld material and/or the rate of
application of weld material and/or the speed of the welding run and/or
the mutual positions of the welding zone and workpiece are calculated,
and that the weld material is applied by the welding equipment, starting
from the surface of a foundation body (2;22;72), the mutual positions of
the welding zone of the welding equipment and the applied layers (1;21)
of the workpiece or respectively the foundation body (2;22;72) and/or the
rate of application of weld material and/or the speed of the welding run
being determined continuously by a control or regulating equipment in such
a way that the workpiece (1;21) is built up of weld material.

A method as in Claim 1, characterized in that
an arc welding equipment, especially an equipment with metal electrode
inert gas (MIG) is used as the welding equipment.

A method as in Claim 1, characterized in that
a laser beam welding equipment is used as the welding equipment.

A method as in Claim 2, characterized in that
unevennesses in the runs forming the layers (41) with the covering
layer (42) of weld material immediately above are detected by the trend
in layer height of the underlying layer (41) being continuously determined
during the welding process through the measurement of welding
parameters, preferably welding current and welding voltage.

A method as in one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
unevennesses in the runs forming the layers are detected and the rate
of application of weld material and/or the speed of the welding run are
corrected in such a way that the unevennesses are levelled out.

A method as in one of the Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that
the borders of the workpiece (1;21) are produced by a reduced rate of
application of weld material.

A method as in one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that
the runs of weld material are applied with a continuous meander.

An equipment for the performance of the method as in one of the
Claims 1 to 7, comprising a robot (5) with a welding equipment (7)
fastened to it, a positioning equipment (4) to which may be fastened a
foundation body (2), as well as a system control (10) which continuously
detects and regulates the mutual positions of the welding zone and the
layers applied to the workpiece or of the foundation body (2) respectively
and/or the rate of application of weld material and/or the speed
of the welding run in such a way that the workpiece (1) is built up of
weld material, or the other way about in the sense that the foundation
body (2) may be fastened to the robot (5) and the welding torch (7) is
fitted to the positioning equipment (4).

An equipment as in Claim 8, characterized by a welding equipment (7)
made as a laser beam welding equipment, and a mechanical or optical
sensor for detecting irregularities in existing runs of weld material,
the sensor being connected to the system control (10).

An equipment as in Claim 8, characterized by a welding equipment (7)
made as an arc welding equipment, the system control (10) exhibiting
a device for measuring welding parameters, preferably welding current and
welding voltage.

An equipment as in one of the Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that
a computer system (11) transmits the geometrical data and the welding
data for the production of the workpiece (1;21) to the subordinate system
control (10).

A Pelton wheel made in one piece with a hub (72) and buckets (71),
obtainable by a method as in one of the Claims 1 to 7, characterized
by a hub (72) and/or at least one bucket (71) having a build-up of layers
from runs of weld material.

A Pelton wheel in accordance with Claim 12, characterized in that
the hub (72) is developed as a forged hub (72).

EP199108109991991-01-211991-12-24Method of fabricating metallic workpieces with a welding apparatus, and apparatus for carrying out the method
Expired - LifetimeEP0496181B1
(en)

Process chamber for selective laser fusing of material powder comprises a raised section in the cover surface above the structure volume, in which a window is arranged for the coupling in of the laser beam

Forming molded parts made of successive layers, whose boundary surfaces form part of surface of molded parts, by forming molded part as composite part from different materials, and applying material forming layers on base or previous layer