Joint resolutions are used to propose amendments to the Texas Constitution, ratify
proposed amendments to the U.S. Constitution, or request a constitutional convention
to propose amendments to the U.S. Constitution. Joint resolutions proposing amendments
to the Texas Constitution require a vote of two-thirds of the total membership of each
chamber for adoption. Other joint resolutions require a simple majority vote in each
chamber for adoption. A joint resolution takes the same course through both chambers
as a bill and is like a bill in all respects, except that, in the house, if it receives
the required number of votes at any reading after the first reading, the resolution is
passed. Three readings are required to pass a joint resolution in the senate. Joint
resolutions passed by the legislature are not submitted to the governor for signing but
are filed directly with the secretary of state. An amendment to the Texas Constitution
proposed by an adopted joint resolution does not become effective until it is approved
by Texas voters at a general election.

The secretary of state conducts a drawing to determine the order in which the proposed
constitutional amendments will appear on the ballot.