Each MFDA and IIROC enforcement report contains a list of registrants who had disciplinary actions against them conclude during that year. We ran those registrants’ names through the National Registration Database to determine registration and penalty details. When the NRD did not include the information, we referred to enforcement documents from the SRO. In all cases, we cross-checked NRD information against the enforcement documents from the appropriate SRO.

Unless otherwise noted, effective dates for any penalties were considered to be the date on the person’s NRD record, cross-checked against:

for IIROC, the date of the hearing panel Decision release; and

for MFDA, the date of the Reasons and Decisions release.

We then ran all names through each provincial insurance regulator’s database and the CIR database to determine the period they are or were licensed to sell. That allowed us to determine overlap between an SRO ban and being authorized to sell.