Hadoop Installation. Sandeep Prasad

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1 Hadoop Installation Sandeep Prasad 1 Introduction Hadoop is a system to manage large quantity of data. For this report hadoop (Released, May 2012) is used and tested on Ubuntu The system configuration is Memory (RAM) 4GB, Processor Intel R Core TM i X 4, OS Type 32 bit. The installation of hadoop in this [1] installation report is given as 1. Prerequisites (a) Java (b) Dedicated user (c) Configuring ssh (d) Disabling ipv6 2. Installation (a).bashrc (b) Changes in hadoop-env.sh and *-site.xml file (c) Formatting hdfs (d) Starting and stopping single-node cluster 2 Prerequisites 2.1 Java Hadoop requires Java 1.5 or above but all the Tutorials available on web insist on Java [2] and above. For this installation manual Java is used. Java 1.7 is available in Ubuntu repository and can be installed using command given in Listing 1 1 $ sudo apt get i n s t a l l openjdk 7 jdk Listing 1: Installing Java node setup.html#required+software 1

2 Java version can be checked using command in Listing 2 output of command shown in Figure 1 1 $ java v e r s i o n Listing 2: Checking Java Version Figure 1: Hadoop requires Java 1.5 or higher 2.2 Creating dedicated user Tutorials visited on internet advise creating a new dedicated user for using hadoop. New group is created (in this installation report new group created is hadoop ) and user (in this installation report new user added is hduser ) can be added to the newly created group using commands in Listing 3 1 $ sudo addgroup hadoop 2 $ sudo adduser ingroup hadoop hduser Listing 3: adding group and user for hadoop Figure 2 displays the above mentioned commands for creating group and user executed on my system. When hduser is added it asks for new UNIX password. This password is password for hduser. Retype the password when prompted and enter the details asked (details are optional). In the end enter y to complete the procedure. 2

4 The command given above can be explained as 1. Changing from default user to hduser, given in line 1 of Listing Generating keygen, when asked to enter the file to save the key, press enter and key will be saved in default /home/hduser/.ssh/id rsa file, given in line 2 of Listing Authorizing public key generated as in line 3 of Listing Adding localhost to list of known hosts using ssh, when prompted for yes/no, write yes and press enter, given in line 4 of Listing all the above steps is carried out by hduser. Figure 3 shows the configuration steps for ssh executed on my system. 4

7 3 Installation 3.1 Hadoop s folder Copy hadoop tar.gz file in /usr/local directory and untar it. Also create temporary folder which will be used by hadoop s hdfs file system (in my case temporary folder created is tmp in /usr/local folder). After that we have to change ownership of hadoop and temporary directory just created. Copying the file in /usr/local, untaring, creating temporary folder and changing owner requires sudo permission. The commands executed is given in figure 5 1 $ sudo t a r x z f hadoop t a r. gz 2 $ sudo mv hadoop hadoop 3 $ sudo mkdir tmp 4 $ sudo chown R hduser : hadoop hadoop 5 $ sudo chown R hduser : hadoop tmp Listing 9: Steps to be followed before using hadoop The steps mentioned in Listing 9 assumes that hadoop s tar file has been copied in /usr/local folder and user with sudo permission is in /usr/local folder (check the working folder using pwd command on terminal, now the steps can be explained as below 1. untar hadoop tar.gz file line 1 of Listing 9. It will create a folder called hadoop line 2 of Listing 9 changes the name of hadoop folder from hadoop to hadoop. This step is not required but is carried out as convenience. 3. Line 3 of Listing 9 makes tmp directory that will be used by hdfs as it s temporary folder and it s location will be mentioned in core-site.xml file. 4. Line 4 and line 5 of Listing 9 changes the ownership of hadoop and tmp folder from root:root to hduser:hadoop. 7

11 Listing 16: Edited mapred-site.xml 3.4 Formating hdfs FileSystem Formatting hdfs FileSystem will format the virtually created File System. Anything stored in the cluster will be lost. hdfs can be formatted using command given in Listing 17. Figure 6 shows the the output obtained by formatting hdfs on my system. 1 $ / usr / l o c a l /hadoop/ bin /hadoop namenode format Listing 17: formatting hdfs Figure 6: Output when hdfs is formatted 3.5 Starting and stopping hdfs After completing all prerequisites, installation steps mentioned and formatting hdfs, hadoop is ready for use. Hadoop can be started and stopped using the start and stop script available in bin directory (done using hduser). Script to 11

12 start and stop hadoop when run on my system are given in figure 7 and figure 8 respectively. The command to start hadoop services is (it is assumed you are in /usr/local/hadoop directory). Figure 7 also mentions jps, jps is a tool available in Java used to check the services started. When start script is executed the services started are DataNode, SecondaryNameNode, NameNode, TaskTracker and JobTracker. Figure 7: Starting hadoop and checking the status of started processes using jps Figure 8: Stopping hadoop processes 12

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