Analog Filters in Nanometer CMOS by Heimo Uhrmann

Starting from the fundamentals of analog filters and the negative transistor features in nanometer CMOS 10 high-performance analog filters built by way of the authors in one hundred twenty nm and sixty five nm CMOS are defined widely. between them are gm-C filters, current-mode filters, and energetic filters for system-on-chip consciousness for Bluetooth, WCDMA, UWB, DVB-H, and LTE functions. For the energetic filters numerous operational amplifier designs are defined. The publication, moreover, incorporates a assessment of the most recent nation of study on low-voltage low-power analog filters. to hide the subject of the publication comprehensively, linearization matters and size equipment for the characterization of complicated analog filters are brought moreover. a number of difficult illustrations advertise a simple comprehension. This e-book might be of worth to engineers and researchers in in addition to scientists and Ph.D scholars at universities. The publication can be recommendable to graduate scholars specializing on nanoelectronics, microelectronics or circuit engineering.

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The factor between the output current and the input voltage is called transconductance. 1) One of the key attractive properties of OTAs is the fast speed in comparison to conventional operational amplifiers. The high-bandwidth capability of the OTA is in part due to the fact that the internal nodes are of low impedance. Usually, a transconductor consists of only one gain stage which means that no compensation capacitance is necessary. Non-ideal parameters of an OTA are the input capacitance Cin , the output capacitance Cout and the output conductance gout .

4 Requirements for the Implemented Gm -C Filters and Applications in Ultra-Wideband Ultra-wideband (UWB) is a communication technology which can be used for shortrange high-bandwidth communications. It allows data rates up to 480 Mb/s in the frequency spectrum of 3 to 10 GHz. It utilizes a large portion of the radio spectrum in a way that it does not interfere with other more traditional narrow band uses. e. 2. Due to the precision capabilities combined with the low power it is applicable for environments such as hospitals and healthcare.

Two different strategies are shown in Fig. 9. Several transistors, which are activated by a digital signal, are switched in parallel to the output transistor Mout . In the first way (Fig. 9(a)), the gates of the transistors Mout1 and Mout2 are activated by the digital word. In contrast, in Fig. 9(b) the transistors are switched according to their digital word. In addition, this avoids having to insert switches in the high-frequency signal path. 4 Common-Mode Feedback Loop 35 Fig. 9 Concept for a switchable OTA Fig.