The purpose of this research is to investigate how experimental science, apparatus for experiment, and manufacturing technology of scientific instruments have developed in Japan. As a result, we made up a framework of the history of manufacturing technology of scientific instruments in Japan. And then, the result of our research clearly shows that Japanese scientific researches had been carried out through its physical bases which depended largely on the overseas supply since the Meiji era.The actual condition on preservation of historical scientific instruments in Japan has not sufficiently been investigated until today. We made every effort to construct the database on historical scientific instruments. The survey results definitely indicate that the history of Japanese scientific instruments can not be discussed without introduction of manufacturing technologies for scientific instruments as well as import of such scientific instruments from the West.After the 1st World War, scientific researchers demanded domestic production of scientific instruments had increased, and there, close connection between scientific researchers and scientific instrument manufacturers had emerged. This situation greatly helped the making of unique research apparatus. As a matter of course, manufacturing technology of scientific instruments not only corresponds to the level of production technology, but also it gives a significant influence to the level of its scientific research. We are assuming that a kind of coordination exists between scientific instuments and science or production technology, and that will be used as an indicator of the scientific research level of respective nation and respective time.