Z94.12.4 Metal Forming

WIPER FORMING (WIPING). Method of curving sections and tubing over a form block or die in which this form block is rotated relative to a wiper block or slide block.

WIRE ROD. A semifinished product from which wire is made. It is generally of circular cross section approximately 1/4 in, in diameter.

WORK HARDNESS. Hardness developed in metal as a result of cold working.

WRINKLING. The wavy condition that appears on some formed, comparatively thin walled, metal parts due to buckling caused by unbalanced compressive stresses in the drawing or forming operation. This condition often takes place in the flange of a deep-drawn part.