The first page of the passport is the passport note page and printed the following request, with anti-counterfeiting printing shows the shape of Taiwan at the top and word TAIWAN at the bottom
In Traditional Chinese

The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China requests all whom it may concern to permit the national of the Republic of China named herein to pass freely and in case of need to give all possible aid and protection.

This passport contains a sensitive electronic chip, and should be treated with great care in the same way as a portable electronic device. For best performance, please do not bend, twist, perforate or staple the passport. Neither expose it to direct sunlight, extreme temperature or humidity. Avoid electro-magnetic fields or chemical substance.

For the first time application, the applicants are required to send their documents in person to the Bureau of Consular Affairs.

Processing time: Four working days.

Validity periode: Starting from May 21, 2000, validity period for an ordinary passport is generally 10 years. For the applicant aged under 15 is 5 years. For the male citizens who have not complete his conscription duty is 3 years.

Application fee: Effective since January 1, 2013, the application fee for a 10-year passport is TWD $1300, for a passport with restricted validity period is TWD $900.[10]

With regard to the policy of conscription in Taiwan, travel restrictions are placed on male citizens from the age of 15 until they have completed their military service. When a passport is issued to such a citizen, a stamp with the following words will be shown on the remarks page, and a sticker which describes the regulation will be pasted to the back cover of the passport.[11]
In Traditional Chinese:

持照人出國應經核准，尚未履行兵役義務。

Translation: The bearer needs a permission to travel abroad and has not yet completed military service.

Before travelling with this passport, the holder needs to apply for permission from the National Immigration Agency or the conscription administration near his residence. The permission is another stamp on the remark pages which detail the expiration date and the authority.

The ROC passport of a national without household registration does not have an identification card number listed on its data pages in the empty spaces labelled (1).

Entry permit for overseas nationals

Today around 60,000 Taiwan passport holders are overseas nationals, accounting for approximately 0.5% of total valid passports. The overseas nationals do not have household registration in Taiwan, and hence do not have the right of abode in Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other outlying islands.

The Republic of China (Taiwan) nationality law adopts the jus sanguinis principle. The ancestor's nationality of a person may be a proof of that person's nationality. There are various of documents may applied, see the following eligibility paragraph.

Application fee: For a 10-year passport is USD $45, for a passport with restricted validity period is USD $31.[10]

Unlike residents of Taiwan, Taiwanese overseas nationals do not automatically have right of abode in Taiwan. They are required to apply for an entry permit to enter Taiwan prior to their travel. The application must be submitted to the embassy, consulate or Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office near their residing country. Once application is approved, a visa-type permit will be pasted on the visa page.

The ROC was founded in 1912 governing the whole of mainland China. At the end of the Second World War in 1945, the Republic of China was given administrative jurisdiction over Taiwan, The Republic of China has maintained control of it ever since. At the Chinese Civil War's end in 1949, the ROC lost its control of Mainland China to the Chinese Communist Party, which renamed the region the People's Republic of China (PRC). Henceforth, the ROC has been able to administer only Taiwan and some islands off the Mainland's coast. Maintaining the view that it is still the legitimate government of the whole of China, the ROC does not formally recognize the legitimacy of PRC. It has also constitutionally defined all the territory under its control as the "Free Area" (or the "Taiwan Area") and the territory outside Taiwan Area as the "Mainland Area". The ROC constitution allows the ROC government to make laws for one Area of the country without affecting the other Area.[citation needed].

However, permanent residents in of the Mainland Area, Hong Kong or Macau are not generally eligible to obtain a ROC passport [Passport Act, Article 9].[13] Furthermore, Overseas Chinese applicants normally must submit one of the following forms of proof of ROC nationality [Passport Act Enforcement Rules, Article 13]:[14]

A ROC passport;

A Certificate of Overseas Chinese status, issued on the basis of proof of ROC nationality;

Proof of ROC nationality for a parent or ancestor, together with proof of descent. (Those in the chain of descent born before the 1980s must be descended through the male line).

There are certain exceptions to this in certain cases for first- and second- generation emigrants, but in general an applicant will be unable to obtain a ROC passport unless he already holds ROC-issued nationality documentation for himself or an ancestor.

Therefore, for a person to obtain a ROC passport, one of the following must normally apply:

The person first obtained proof of ROC nationality before 1949, when the ROC controlled the Mainland Area; or

The person first obtained a ROC passport before 1 July 1997 as a resident of Hong Kong, or before 20 December 1999 as resident of Macau; or

The person first obtained a ROC passport before 2002, as an Overseas-born Chinese, on the basis of Chinese ethnicity, before the Passport Act Enforcement Rules were revised to prevent this; or

The person obtained an ROC passport after emigrating overseas from the Mainland Area [Passport Act Enforcement Rules, Article 18];[14] or

The person obtained an ROC passport after emigrating overseas from Hong Kong or Macau, whilst not holding a foreign passport other than a BN(O) passport [Passport Act Enforcement Rules, Article 19], or after being born overseas to a parent who so emigrated;[14] or

The person has an ancestor in one of the previous categories (i.e. the ancestor actually obtained the ROC document, as opposed to merely having the right to do so), and the chain of descent is through the male line until the 1980s.

The interior is in traditional Chinese characters and English. Until the mid-1990s, the passport also contained an entry for provincial ancestry (籍貫), stating the Chinese province and county of one's ancestral home, but this field has been eliminated. However, the Chinese province and county of birth is still listed in the birthplace entry if the passport holder was born in either mainland China or Taiwan.

Even though Taiwan maintains official relations with only 23 countries, the ROC passport is still accepted as a valid travel document in most countries of the world. However, some countries, pursuant to their positions on Taiwan's political status, refuse to visé or stamp ROC passports, and instead issue a separate travel document to Taiwanese travelers to avoid conveying any kind of recognition to the ROC, or to Taiwan as a polity distinct from the PRC.

Taiwan passport holders are required to apply online for pre-arrival registration in advance (since September 1, 2012).[15] The Hong Kong Immigration Department will issue a Hong Kong entry permit upon arrival, which can be in the form of either a separate card (for a single entry) or booklet (for multiple entries). Taiwanese travelers can also enter Hong Kong for up to 30 days with a valid Chinese Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Residents (since 27 April 2009).[16]

Stamps are placed on the Arrival/Departure Card, which is collected upon a Taiwanese visitor's departure from Macau. Passports are stamped only when Taiwanese visitors leave/enter Macau to/from a third country via Macau International Airport. Taiwan passport holders have been granted visa-free access for up to 30 days since 1982.[17]