Update 16: The first electric vehicle in the country powered completely by ultracapacitors. The minibus can be fully recharged in fifteen minutes, unlike battery vehicles, which typically takes hours to recharge.

Update 15:How to Make UAVs Fully Autonomous. The Sense-and-Avoid system uses a four-megapixel camera on a pan tilt to detect obstacles from the ground. It puts red boxes around planes and birds, and blue boxes around movement that it determines is not an obstacle (e.g., dust on the lens).Update 14:ATNMBL is a concept vehicle for 2040 that represents the end of driving and an alternative approach to car design. Upon entering ATNMBL, you are presented with a simple question: "Where can I take you?" There is no steering wheel, brake pedal or driver's seat. ATNMBL drives for you. Electric powered plus solar assist, with wrap-around seating for seven, ATNMBL offers living and/or working comfort, views, conversations, entertainment, and social connectedness.Update 13:The Next Node on the Net? Your Car!. A new radio system developed in Australia is transforming the vehicles on the street into nodes on a network.Update 12:United Arab Emirates building network of driverless electric taxis. When the system's fully built, planners say the podcars will be able to deliver riders within 100 meters of any location in the city. The whole network of tracks for the cars will be two stories beneath street level.

Traffic in the San Francisco Bay area is like Dolly Parton, 10 pounds in a 5 pound sack. Mass transit has been our unseen traffic woe savior for a while. But the ring of political fire circling the bay has prevented any meaningful region wide transportation solution. As everyone scrambles to live anywhere they can afford, we really need a region wide solution rather than the local fixes that can never go quite far enough. The solution: create a People Pod Pool of On Demand Self Driving Robotic Cars who Automatically Refuel from Cheap Solar.

Commuters are Satisfied Not Carpooling

You might think we would car pool more. But people of the bay don't like carpools and they don't much like mass transit either. In the Metro, a local weekly, they published a wonderful article Fueling the Fire, on how we need to cure our car addiction using the same marginalization techniques used to "stop" smoking.

Mitch Baer, a public policy and environment graduate student at George Mason University in Virginia, recently surveyed more than 2,000 commuters in the Washington, D.C., area. He found that people who drove to work alone were more emotionally satisfied with their commute than those who rode public transportation or carpooled with others.

Even stuck in traffic jams, those commuters said they felt they had more control over their arrival and departure times as well as commuting route, radio stations and air conditioning levels.

Commuters said that driving alone was both quicker and more affordable, according to the study.

"They will have a tougher time moving people out of their cars," Baer said. "It's easier for most people to drive than take mass transit."

The key phrase to me is: people who drove to work alone were more emotionally satisfied. How can people jostled in the great pinball machine that are our roadways be emotionally satisfied? That's crazy talk. Shouldn't we feel less satisfied?

In Our Cars We Feel Good Because We Are in Control

Solving the mystery of why we feel satisfied while stuck in traffic turns on an important psychological clue: the more we perceive ourselves in control of a situation the less stress we feel. Robert Sapolsky talks about this surprising insight into human nature in Why Zebras Don't Get Ulcers.

Notice we simply need more "perceived" control. Take control of a situation in your mind and stress goes down. You don't actually need to be in more control of a situation to feel less stress. If you have diabetes, facing your possibly bleak future can be less stressful if you try to control your blood sugars. If you are a speed demon, buying a radar detector can make you feel more in control and less stressed as you zoom along the seldom empty highways. If you are bullied, figuring out ways to avoid your torturer puts you more in control and therefor less stressed.

Figure out a way to control and an out of control situation and you'll feel happier. That's what I think we are accomplishing by driving alone in cars. In our car we have complete control. Cars are our castles with a 2 inch air moat cushion. Most cars are plusher than any room in your average house. Fine leather, a rad sound system, perfect temperature control, and a nice beverage of choice within easy reaching distance. In our cars we've created a second womb. The result is we feel more control, less stress, and more satisfaction, even when outside, across the moat, a tempestuous sea of stressors await.

Our Mass Transit System Must Supply Perceived Control

Given the warm inner glow we feel from being wrapped in the cold steel of our cars, if you want people to get out of their cars and onto mass transit you must provide the same level of perceived control. None of our mass transit options do that now. Buses are on fixed schedules that don't go where I want to go when I want to go. Neither do trains, BART, or light rail. So the car it is. Unless a system could be devised that provided the benefits of mass transit plus the pleasing characteristics of control our cars give us.

With Recent Technological Advances We Can Create a New Type of Mass Transit System

New technologies are being developed the will allow us to create a mass transit system that matches our psychological and physical needs. Just berating people and telling them they should take mass transit to save the planet won't work. The pain is too near and the benefits are too far for the mental cost-benefit calculation to go the way of mass transit.

Self driving vehicles. We are making great strides in creating robot cars that can drive themselves in traffic. Already they drive better than most humans can drive (low bar, I know).

Mix these all together and you get a completely different type of mass transit system. A mashup, if you will.

Create a People Pod Pool of On Demand Autonomous Self Driving Robotic Cars that Automatically Refuel from Cheap Solar

Many company campuses offer a pool of bicycles so workers can ride between buildings and make short trips. Some cities even make bikes available to their citizens. The idea is to do the same for cars, but with a twist or two.

The cars (people pods) can be stored close to demand points and you can call for one anytime you wish. The cars are self driving. You don't actually drive them and are free to work or play during transit. Different kinds would be available depending on your purpose. Just one person on a shopping trip would receive a different car than a family. The pods would autonomously search out and find energy sources as needed to recharge.There's no reason to assume a centralized charging and storage facility. When repair was needed they could drive themselves to a repair depot or wait for the people pod ambulance service.

The advantages of such a system are:

Perceived control. You have a personal "car" you control the destination for, the interior environment of, and your own actions inside. This gets over the biggest hurdle with current mass transit options.

Better regional traffic flow. The autonomous cars could drive cooperatively to smooth out traffic jams. Traffic jams are largely caused by people speeding up and slowing down which causes ripples of slowness up and down the road. And automated system could prevent that.

Go where you want to go. It would be used because people can go to exactly where they need to go and be picked up exactly where they need to leave from at exactly the time they wish. None of these are characteristic of current systems.

Leverage existing road ways. Creating light rail and trains is expensive and wasteful (except for the high speed point-point variety). They don't extend to where people live and they don't go where people go. So it creates a multi-hop mess out of every trip. We already have an expansive road system that goes where everyone wants to go. Using the road infrastructure more efficiently makes a lot more sense than creating hugely expensive partial solutions. And since these cars would be eco-friendly, most arguments against using cars fall away.

Cheaper delivery. One force keeping truly distributed manufacturing and retailing from blossoming is high delivery costs. A $2 item is simply too expensive to buy remotely and ship because shipping costs more than the product. An automated transportation system would make this model more affordable.

Live where you want to live. Most mass transit systems are based on trying to socially reengineer our current suburbian and exurbian living pattern into a high density live-work pattern. While this should be an option, most mass transit proposals assume this pattern as a given and can't deal with current realities. For the foreseeable future people will not give up their houses or their lifestyles. The People Pod approach solves the mass transit problem and the "difficulties" of having to change a whole populace to behave in a completely different way for less than compelling reasons.

Still can own your own car. This isn't a replacement for the current car culture. It's leveraging the car culture. You can still own and drive your own car. Nobody is trying to steal your car away from you.

Cleaner and safer. Mass transit is disliked by many because it is perceived as dirty and unsafe. The pods would be safe and clean.

Funding

Current transportation budgets. Money could be redeployed from existing less than successful approaches.

Advertising. The outside of vehicles could contain advertising as could the inside, especially from the internal search system. Imagine wanting a new place to eat and asking the pod to suggest one. That's prime targeted marketing. Social networks and massive multi-player games could also be created between pods.

In-flight services. Movies on demand and so on.

Efficiencies. The plug-in cars are electric and efficient and low maintenance. That will save money.

Up sells. Individuals could buy their own pods and trick them out. Also, people could pay for a higher class of pod from the pod pool.

Licensing. Technology used in making the pods could be sold to other manufacturers. Create a standardized market so competition and cooperation can erupt.

Sponsorship. Companies could buy rights to play music, stock the food locker, use their equipment, etc.

Naming rights. The rights to name parts of the system could be sold.

Implementation

Challenge prize. Maybe someone with a vision and a dream can put up a $50 million prize to get it going. Something like the Xprize.

Government funding. Don't laugh, it might happen.

Startup. I'm available if interested :-) With a large enough challenge prize this is a viable model.

It's a Usable System so People Would Use It

After a lot of reading on the topic and a lot of self-examination on why I am such a horrible person that I don't use mass transit more, this is the type of system I could really see myself using. It doesn't try to change the world, it uses what we got, and gives people what they want. It just might work.

Sokolsky estimates that many of the features that Junior employs, like cameras monitoring lanes and blind spot detection, will start becoming standard over the next ten years. But he also thinks that people will have to adapt, at least as much as the cars. “In some ways I think the technology is going to come along much faster than both the legal issues and societal acceptance,” says Sokolsky. “Because you’re going to have to convince people to give up driving their car everywhere, and some people are going to be extremely reluctant to do that. In this field, we sort of lose sight of this, but we talk to people, and they say, ‘That sounds terrifying.’ There’s a lot to overcome in terms of that.”

Reader Comments (4)

When you have a robot car that can drive anywhere, I'd be more then happy to join up. GPS enabled cell phone ordering backed with credit cards. "There is someone nearby going to a similar destination, carpooling would save you around $25 would you like to offer a carpool?" Which would give a financial incentive to carpool. It would also be smart to offer a social aspect. "There is a nearby person requesting a carpool. He has had Zero complaints and 17 positvie remarks in the past 5 Months. (Photo) Would you like to offer to carpool?" Or even "Three people attending your facebook event are within 5 miles of the events location, would you like to pick them up?"

What your basically wanting is a robotic car service that uses environmentally friendly practices, with some advanced scheduling and trip planning. I think it's viable. With the GE sled cars that are all fly by wire, we've got the hardware. So once you get those robot drivers working, I'm in =). Not that we don't have robot cars that can drive. We do! But they don't know how to deal with other drivers to well. That's a big safety issue. I can imagine a big "iRobot" super traffic computer managing the whole thing. I imagine that would have to be pretty Highly Scalable.

Another thing to think about would be security for both of people and of cars getting hacked/stolen. (Hacked seems even scarier to me, imagine the onboard cameras recognize its you and half way though your commute you malfunction and swerve off a bridge!)

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It's interesting that you perceive a lack of control to be the primary factor in low public transport usage. I'd argue that in the USA it's much more down to the design of cities and the perception of public transport itself.

Many cities in the USA are deliberately designed with low density in mind. It's a self reinforcing cycle - the more cars there are, the more people expect to live with a lot of land and be facilitated by driving. Public transport is kind of an all or nothing thing. It needs to have a significant number of people using it otherwise it won't be an effective network.

In London public transport has the highest modal share. Car journeys account for just 35% of trips. Perceived control might be a factor in choice of transport, but there are plenty of others that can override that. As you say, the safety, cleanliness and reliability of service is vital.

I don't think that driving a car necessarily does give people a feeling of control. If it does it's a rather superficial one. Just ask the man who got out to try to punch my cyclist friend who was getting in his way by making a right turn!

I personally enjoy riding public transport because it gives me freedom - I don't need to own a car and I'm not burdened by maintenance or mechanic's fees.

Many good points Tom. I'm sure there's also a regional component. If you are raised in dense area with great transport then that's just the way you travel. I know traveling by train in Germany and Italy was quite natural.

I was raised and live in the Western US where going from state to state would cross many countries in Europe. So car culture in my generation was quite natural. That seems to be changing for some with a migration to the urban.

I can't imagine not having a car. We live in the mountains and going anywhere on demand requires a car. So when you say you don't think a car necessarily gives people a feeling a control that's very personal and local. If that's not you experience I understand why it doesn't resonate, but it's a deep and abiding reality in my life and most of those around me.