The current distribution of the puma (<i>Puma concolor</i>) in Mexico in the most of the country is unknown. Through an ecological niche modelling approach using the Maxent algorithm we identified the potential distribution of the puma in the Aguascalientes State. To perform de model we used 41 field records of the species, 19 climatic variables and 3 topographic variables. According to the model, the puma occurs in most of west side of the Aguascalientes, which corresponds to mountain areas. This region is dominated by oak and oak-pine forests with a rugged topography. To conserve a viable population of puma in this region, we consider that it is necessary to protect the vegetation patches and the habitat corridors to link those predicted areas by the model, which are extended to Zacatecas and Jalisco States.