Fußballclub Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04 e. V., commonly known as FC Schalke 04 or simply abbreviated as S04, is a professional German association-football club and multi-sports club originally from the Schalke district of Gelsenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia. The "04" in the club's name derives from its formation in 1904. Schalke has long been one of the most popular professional football teams and multi-sports club in Germany, even though major successes have been rare since the club's heyday in the 1930s and early 1940s.

The 2016–17 FC Schalke 04 season is the 113th season in the club's football history. In 2015–16 the club plays in the Bundesliga, the top tier of German football. It is the club's twenty-fourth consecutive season in the Bundesliga, having been promoted from the 2. Bundesliga in 1991.