narrator · Humbert Humbert narrates the novel from his prison
cell, approximately five years after the events he describes. The foreword
to the novel is narrated by John Ray, Jr., Ph.D. in 1955, three
years after the deaths of Humbert and Lolita.

point of view · Humbert narrates his account of his affair with Lolita
Haze in the first person, focusing only on his own thoughts and
emotions.

tense · Humbert Humbert describes the majority of the events
in the past tense, but he frames his account with passages of present tense
narration.

setting (time) · 1947–1952

setting (place) · Initially the South of France and unnamed locations
in Europe, then all over the United States

protagonist · Humbert Humbert

major conflict · The primary conflicts in the novel are between Humbert Humbert
and society, which disapproves of both incest and pedophilia, and
between Humbert Humbert and Clare Quilty, who competes with Humbert
for Lolita’s affections.

rising action · Humbert takes Lolita on the road, in an effort to control
her behavior and cement his possession of her. By traveling, he
hopes to hide his and Lolita’s identities—and relationship—thereby avoiding
society’s disapproval and eluding his rival, Clare Quilty.

climax · Humbert’s plan fails when Lolita escapes him, running
off with Clare Quilty after a brief stay in the hospital.

falling action · Humbert spends the next several years trailing Lolita
and attempting to exact his revenge on Quilty.

themes · The power of language; the dispiriting incompatibility
of European and American cultures; the inadequacy of psychiatry; the
alienation caused by exile

motifs · Butterflies; doubles; games

symbols · The theater; prison

foreshadowing · Continuous: Humbert describes past events using the
present tense, dropping hints in the form of clever wordplay, and
he often alludes to events, people, and places the reader has not
yet encountered.