Cardiolite Plus(Atenolol 50 mg+ Chlorthalidone 12.50mg)

http://solarvfd.com/includes/romantic/eviction-earth.pdf Mechanism of ActionCardiolite Plus combines the antihypertensive activity of two agents: a beta1-selective (cardioselective) hydrophilic blocking agent (atenolol) and a diuretic (chlorthalidone).Cardiolite Plus may be administered with other antihypertensives such as vasodilators.

Financial Origami: How the Wall Street Model Broke (Bloomberg) AtenololAtenolol is a beta1-selective (cardioselective) beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent without membrane stabilizing or intrinsic sympathomimetic (partial agonist) activities. This preferential effect is not absolute, however, and at higher doses, atenolol inhibits beta2-adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in the bronchial and vascular musculature. The mechanisms of the antihypertensive effects of beta-blocking agents have not been established. Several mechanisms have been proposed and include: (1) competitive antagonism of catecholamines at peripheral (especially cardiac) adrenergic neuron sites, leading to decreased cardiac output, (2) a central effect leading to reduced sympathetic outflow to the periphery and (3) suppression of renin activity.

Charlotte Bronte: A Passionate Life ChlorthalidoneChlorthalidone, a monosulfonamyl diuretic, increases excretion of sodium and chloride. Natriuresis is accompanied by some loss of potassium. The mechanism by which chlorthalidone reduces blood pressure is not fully known but may be related to the excretion and redistribution of body sodium.

Pharmacokinetics

AtenololAbsorption of an oral dose is rapid and consistent but incomplete. Approximately 50% of an oral dose is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, the remainder being excreted unchanged in the feces. Peak blood levels are reached between 2 and 4 hours after ingestion. Atenolol undergoes little or no metabolism by the liver, and the absorbed portion is eliminated primarily by renal excretion. Only a small amount (6 - 16%) is bound to proteins in the plasma. The elimination half-life of atenolol is approximately 6 to 7 hours. When renal function is impaired, elimination of atenolol is closely related to the glomerular filtration rate; but significant accumulation does not occur until the creatinine clearance falls below 35 ml/min/1.73m2 .

ChlorthalidoneAbsorption of chlorthalidone following oral dosing is consistent but incomplete (approximately 60%) with peak plasma concentrations occurring about 12 hours after dosing. The diuretic effect of the drug occurs within 2 hours of an oral dose. The plasma half-life is about 50 hours and the kidney is the major route of elimination. Plasma protein binding is high (approximately 75%).Cardiolite Plus tablet is effective for at least 24 hours after a single oral daily dose.

INDICATIONSCardiolite Plus is indicated in the treatment of hypertension. This fixed dose combination drug is not indicated for initial therapy of hypertension. If the fixed dose combination represents the dose appropriate to the individual patient's needs, it may be more convenient than the separate components.