Bottom Line:
Both antioxidant capacity and phenolic content were significantly higher in AWE compared to wine.In conclusion, phenolics and minerals included in AWE may contribute directly to increased NOS and SOD activities of SHR.Nevertheless, 3 weeks of AWE treatment failed to affect blood pressure of SHR.

ABSTRACTWe aimed to perform a chemical analysis of both Alibernet red wine and an alcohol-free Alibernet red wine extract (AWE) and to investigate the effects of AWE on nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species production as well as blood pressure development in normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Total antioxidant capacity together with total phenolic and selected mineral content was measured in wine and AWE. Young 6-week-old male WKY and SHR were treated with AWE (24,2 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks. Total NOS and SOD activities, eNOS and SOD1 protein expressions, and superoxide production were determined in the tissues. Both antioxidant capacity and phenolic content were significantly higher in AWE compared to wine. The AWE increased NOS activity in the left ventricle, aorta, and kidney of SHR, while it did not change NOS activity in WKY rats. Similarly, increased SOD activity in the plasma and left ventricle was observed in SHR only. There were no changes in eNOS and SOD1 expressions. In conclusion, phenolics and minerals included in AWE may contribute directly to increased NOS and SOD activities of SHR. Nevertheless, 3 weeks of AWE treatment failed to affect blood pressure of SHR.

Mentions:
The Alibernet wine extract did not change total NOS activities in the tissues of WKY rats. However, it was able to increase significantly NOS activity in the left ventricle (Figure 1(a)), aorta (Figure 2(a)), and kidney (Figure 3(a)) of SHR compared to untreated control rats. Endothelial NOS protein expression was not changed significantly after the AWE treatment in both WKY and SHR (Figures 1(b), 2(b), and 3(b)).

Mentions:
The Alibernet wine extract did not change total NOS activities in the tissues of WKY rats. However, it was able to increase significantly NOS activity in the left ventricle (Figure 1(a)), aorta (Figure 2(a)), and kidney (Figure 3(a)) of SHR compared to untreated control rats. Endothelial NOS protein expression was not changed significantly after the AWE treatment in both WKY and SHR (Figures 1(b), 2(b), and 3(b)).

Bottom Line:
Both antioxidant capacity and phenolic content were significantly higher in AWE compared to wine.In conclusion, phenolics and minerals included in AWE may contribute directly to increased NOS and SOD activities of SHR.Nevertheless, 3 weeks of AWE treatment failed to affect blood pressure of SHR.

ABSTRACTWe aimed to perform a chemical analysis of both Alibernet red wine and an alcohol-free Alibernet red wine extract (AWE) and to investigate the effects of AWE on nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species production as well as blood pressure development in normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Total antioxidant capacity together with total phenolic and selected mineral content was measured in wine and AWE. Young 6-week-old male WKY and SHR were treated with AWE (24,2 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks. Total NOS and SOD activities, eNOS and SOD1 protein expressions, and superoxide production were determined in the tissues. Both antioxidant capacity and phenolic content were significantly higher in AWE compared to wine. The AWE increased NOS activity in the left ventricle, aorta, and kidney of SHR, while it did not change NOS activity in WKY rats. Similarly, increased SOD activity in the plasma and left ventricle was observed in SHR only. There were no changes in eNOS and SOD1 expressions. In conclusion, phenolics and minerals included in AWE may contribute directly to increased NOS and SOD activities of SHR. Nevertheless, 3 weeks of AWE treatment failed to affect blood pressure of SHR.