Ethnicity and Religion

A study by the Policy Studies Institute found that 74% of Muslim respondents said that religion was very important. This compared with around 45% of Hindus and Sikhs. In contrast, only 11% of white people described themselves as belonging to the Church of England. Amongst Muslim men over the age of 35, four in five reported that they visit mosque at least once every week. Data from the 1991 census demonstrates that Britain is ethnically diverse, there is a wide range of ethnic groups with different religious affiliations, and there are more ethnic groups than identified in the census data Modood and Berthoud (1997) analysed the 1991 Census data on ethnicity they suggest that ethnicity comprises: 1.Subjective identification: with which ethnicity do I and my group identify? 2.Religious identification; to what extent does it help construct ethnicity?

A number of general points can be made about religious affiliation among ethnic minority groups; that is, those people comprising the 5.49% of the population identified in the Census as non-white.

Most ethnic groups are more religious than the majority of the population. The table below shows the results of a survey conducted in Britain which asked respondents to state their religious affiliation. Measuring Religious Affiliation (%)

White
(exc Irish)IrishCaribbeanIndianAfrican AsianPakistaniBangladeshiChinese None311428522158
Hindu--13258-2-
Sikh---5019---
Muslim--16159695-
Christian68856953-123
Other113232119
Weighted count275511015671292799862285391
Unweighted Count2746119120512737281185591214
Source: Modood and Berthoud (1997)Modood and Berthoud (1997) show that there are gender differences in religion affiliation among the some ethnic minority groups. For example, 75% of Afro-Caribbean women said they were religious, compared with less than 66% of the men. There are also age related differences, with religiosity...

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b. socially constructed.
c. phenotypical.
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As time passes by, racial groups are becoming harder to define, due to the mixing of races. In the essay “The Cult of Ethnicity” the tone is persuading and calm. He argues that, “ Ethnic and racial conflict- far more than ideological conflict- is the explosive problem of our time” (27). The
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Ethnicity and race are often used together and and hence they are always confused. There is a major difference between both of them. Ethnicity is a group of people that has a shared common culture - the practices, values, and beliefs in groups; and also language, religion and traditions; amongst others. Race, on the other hand, artificially divides people into distinct groups based on characteristics such as physical appearance (particularly skin colour), ancestral heritage, cultural history etc. What is common between these two are, both ethnicity and race are social constructs. Social construct is defined as anything that is a result of a group or idea that is built through cultural or social practice, that group people together. Other examples of social constructs are government, nationality, gender and more. To incorporate all together, ethnicity is a social construct.
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