Researchers design robot that creates new robots out of foam

Shai Revzen and his team of researchers at the Modular Robotics Laboratory of University of Pennsylvania (MODLAB) have created the Swiss Army knife of robots: a rolling Foambot that synthesizes new foam-bodied robots on-the-fly to meet challenges from a changing environment. It’s no T1000, but still a little terrifying.

Contrary to the glamorous functionality which the media has portrayed robots as having, like C-3P0 or Adams’ Marvin or Johnny 5, real-life robots are typically designed to do a specific task. That’s fine unless your robot is being thrust into environments, such as disaster recovery or planetary exploration, where the demands require design adaptability for unanticipated tasks.

That’s how the MODLAB team is pitching their idea. Adaptable, as well as cheap. They use something called foam synthesis. The Foambot, a small moving platform constructed for the Mini-PR2 robot, packs off-the-shelf insulation foam and clusters of actuators and microcontrollers (robot joints).

The clusters consist of a row of three CKBots, and attached to either end of the clusters are 5cm bolts. The operator directs the Foambot to deploy the clusters, moving the modules in the right spots for the desired robot design. Then using a laser pointer guided foam nozzle, it sprays the self-hardening foam to connect the clusters and create joints and a body.

So far the MODLAB team has used Foambot to make a foam wormbot and a quadruped which may be modeled after a katydid. Once the progeny is assembled and the foam is dry, the wheeled robot uses onboard software to make its creation dance.

The team points out that the Foambot itself can be used to dispose of hazardous material like broken glass or needles. The foam can also be used in practical ways during fire-fighting or hostage rescue situations.