history 1 Exam 4

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who were the mainstream society that began traveling around & getting coins from muslims (usually sons of nobles)

Merchant class

where did the merchant class go to sell their goods

Market fairs

the wall that surrounds the market fair (this eventually became known as the town)

Burg

groups or clubs that would perforn a particular service (blacksmith, painter, contractor etc...)

Guild

This informed the people of a burg what they had to do and didnt have to do for a lord (annual rent)

Charter

if a peasant or escaped criminal could stay in a burg for 1 year + 1 day they could live there without a problem, this was called?

the year and a day rule

what was the warning sound you had to yell before emptying your chamber pot?

Gardy lou

what crusade did pope urban say the christians would take back holy land from muslims. and eventually did because the seljuk turks had a civil war going on

the first

who took over what is now turkey and pushed byzantines back to Constantinople?

Seljuk Turks

Who believed his pet goose would lead them to the holy land?

Peter the hermit

what crusade was a complete failure which gave Saladin and the muslims the idea that they could take holy land back and indeed did?

the second crusade

who were the seljuk turks?

Sunnis Muslims

Which crusade was fought by a bunch of escaped serfs, criminals and poor people?

The first crusade

What crusade did Fred Barb drown?

The third crusade

which crusade didnt even make it to the holy land?

The fourth crusade

In which crusade did everyone get excommunicated by pope and then after taking over constantinople, Pope let them back in church?

The fourth crusade

Who wanted a sunlight lit cathedral with gothic style windows and stained glass?

Suger of St. Denis

What places were started by a guild of teachers?

Universities

What applied rules of logic to catholicism and christian faith from aristotle?

Scholasticism

Who wrote the book about scholasticism and trinity?

Peter Abelard

Who did abelard get pregnant while teaching and tutoring?

Heloise

Who was devastated after he had to rip out pages of his book and burn them in front of the city?

Peter Abelard

Who was castrated and became a monk?

Peter Abelard

What was the previous church style that gothic style replaced?

Romanesque

What was any language but latin?

Vernancular culture

Who wrote love poems relating to religion that were in the same class as knights?

Troubadors

Who included into poems dedicating things to women that knights could never have?

Chivalry

What was the grass roots movement to make clergy look bad and wanted christianity back to old pure way? (no material things and clergy)

Reform movements

What were lies called that the pope could condemn people for?

Heresy or heresies

What were the monks that were put on a remote area and that spent most of their time praying on their own? (conservatives)

Cistercians

The founder of these people got a bad fever and saw visions once the fever broke he became religious?

Franciscans - Francis of Assisi

Who kissed Francis' foot and got their group through?

Innocent III

Who travelled around and went to places where heretics were and went against them? (later put them on trial)

Dominicuns

Who were the group of unmarried women that would care for sick people and the pope eventually forced them into being nuns?

Beguines

Who would recite bible verses in french and made pope mad because he thought it should only be in Latin?

Waldensians (started by waldo in france)

Who were "the pure ones" that had a crusade called against them. started in byzantine empire and moved to france. "believed world was created by devil and christ was the god. Believed human bodyh was evil?"

Cathars

Crusade where pope killed cathars and had to raid them castle to castle?

Albigensian crusade

Who were the special groups that elected the pope in the end of the middle ages?

Cardinals

where did the popes move to in France where they lived about thirty years?

Avignon papacy

What split popes in Rome and Avignon?

The Great Schism

who was the italian pope that the cardinals elected to make crowd happy turns out the pope ends up being a little stronger than the cardinals thought?

Pope Urban VI

What pope did the cardinals pick after urban VI that ended up becoming the pope of avignon?

Clements III

what were the council meetings called?

The Conciliar movement

what lollard thought women should be allowed to be apart of the clergy and that wine should be shared with everyone?

John Wyclef

Who started the Hussites?

Jan Hus

What was it called when the third pope was elected? the new election was supposed to make it to where there was only one pope, instead it made three!?

The Council of Pisa

who becomes the only pope that lives in rome which was the only good thing that came out of the council of constance

Martin V

What two people were burned at the stake even after one of them were dead?

Jan Huss and John Wyclef

What war was between England and france. (England invades France so he can become king of both england and france)

THE 100 YEARS WAR!!!

What three weapons stopped the road for Midevil Knights?

Cross Bows, Long bows, and Guns

what weapons were used by the english that could shoot 4 - 5 arrows per minute?

Long bow

what weapons were used by the french that were very slow but powerful?

Cross bows

What was the bad part about the guns in the 100 years war?

Could blow up in your face! risky for the people operating them

Who heard voices that they thought were from god and led the french to many victories, but english captured her and put her to death?

Joan of Arc

Who won the 100 years war?

The French

What was the bacterial disease "plague" called?

The black death

What type of plague came through fleas?

Bubonic

what type of plague came through the air?

Pneumonic

what type of plague was transmitted through the blood?

Septicemic

What town was the plague spread by mongols or italians?

Caffa

What were the protests against upper class and government called?

popular uprisings

where was the 1st popular uprising?

Paris (defeat of Jacquerie)

Where was the biggest popular uprisng and who led it?

England and (Wat Tyler and preacher John Ball)

what did the council of constance do?

Made only 1 pope

What started popular uprisings?

Wage freezes and new taxes

Who died in the English popular uprising that influneced the uprising even more?

wat tyler

What happened after popular uprising in england?

peasants got some limitations uplifted

Who unified the Mongols?

Temujin- Genghis Khan

What was the golden horde of Russia Mongols etc...?

A Mongol army that invaded most of asia and most of europe

What ottoman turk wanted to take back constantinople and used huge cannons to take down the walls?

MEHMET

What happened to the niece of the emperor when the ottoman turks invaded constantinople?

she escaped to russia and married a russian czar

Who sailed from China to Italy and made people think about faster routes to asia?

MARCO POLO

When Mehmet took over constantinople that was the end to the _______ empire?

Byzantine

What was the movement where there began to be education on the individual and their inner talents?

Humanism

Where were the first humanists from?

Florence

Who wrote poems in vernancular language? in florence it was a big hit.. it was called the "Divine Comedy" (this guys idol was the old poet virgil)