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Thin films of Nb have a depressed T(c) when the thickness falls below about
500 angstroms. Below about 200 angstroms, the films can be made normal at 4.2 degrees K. Thus, such a film can be used as a resistor in the Josephson
circuitry. Length, width and thickness can be varied to provide the proper
resistance. These films are continuous down to approx. 50 angstroms and are
capable of carrying considerable current. The resistance vs. temperature
characteristics are quite flat in this region over a wide range of temperature.
Therefore, thermal variations will have no effect on their operations.

The presence of oxygen, even up to several per cent, has a similar effect.
Films of NbO(x) where x << 1 have been made which are normal at 4.2 degrees
K and yet conductive. They can be fabricated by admitting small amounts of
oxygen to the evaporating chamber when the resistors are laid down. By varying
the oxygen content, the resistivity of these films can be selected for the proper
circuit values.