Job Descriptions

Copywriting is the use of words and ideas to promote a person, business, opinion or idea. Although the word copy may be applied to any content intended for printing (as in the body of a newspaper article or book), the term copywriter is generally limited to promotional situations, regardless of the medium (as advertisements for print, television, radio or other media). The word copywriting is regularly used as a noun or gerund.
The purpose of marketing copy, or promotional text, is to persuade the reader, listener or viewer to act—for example, to buy a product or subscribe to a certain viewpoint.
Copy writers are used to help create direct mail pieces, taglines, jingle lyrics, web page content (although if the purpose is not ultimately promotional, its author might prefer to be called a content writer), online ads, e-mail and other Internet content, television or radio commercial scripts, press releases, white papers, catalogs, billboards, brochures, postcards, sales letters, and other marketing communications media. It can also appear in social media content including blog posts, tweets, and social-networking site posts.
Content writing on websites may include among its objectives the achievement of higher rankings in search engines. Known as "organic" search engine optimization (SEO), this practice involves the strategic placement and repetition of keywords and keyword phrases on web pages, writing in a manner that human readers would consider normal.
Most copy writers are employees within organizations such as advertising agencies, public relations firms, company advertising departments, large stores, marketing firms, broadcasters and cable providers, newspapers, book publishers and magazines. Copy writers can also be independent contractors who freelance for a variety of clients, at the clients' offices or working from their own, or partners or employees in a specialized copywriting agency. Such agencies combine copywriting services with a range of editorial and associated services that may include positioning and messaging consulting, social media and SEO consulting, developmental editing, and copy editing, proofreading, fact checking, layout, and design. A copywriting agency most often serves large corporations.
A copy writer usually works as part of a creative team. Advertising agencies partner copy writers with art directors. The copy writer has ultimate responsibility for the advertisement's verbal or textual content, which often includes receiving the copy information from the client. The copy writer is responsible for telling the story, crafting it in such a way that it resonates with the viewer/reader, ideally producing an emotional response[1]. The art director has ultimate responsibility for visual communication and, particularly in the case of print work, may oversee production. Although, in many instances, either person may come up with the overall idea for the advertisement or commercial (typically referred to as the concept or "big idea"), and the process of collaboration often improves the work.
Copy writers are similar to technical writers and the careers may overlap. Broadly speaking, however, technical writing is dedicated to informing readers rather than persuading them. For example, a copywriter writes an ad to sell a car, while a technical writer writes the operator's manual explaining how to use it.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copywriting

Family therapy, also referred to as couple and family therapy, family systems therapy, and family counseling, is a branch of psychotherapy that works with families and couples in intimate relationships to nurture change and development. It tends to view change in terms of the systems of interaction between family members. It emphasizes family relationships as an important factor in psychological health.
What the different schools of family therapy have in common is a belief that, regardless of the origin of the problem, and regardless of whether the clients consider it an "individual" or "family" issue, involving families in solutions is often beneficial. This involvement of families is commonly accomplished by their direct participation in the therapy session. The skills of the family therapist thus include the ability to influence conversations in a way that catalyzes the strengths, wisdom, and support of the wider system.
In the field's early years, many clinicians defined the family in a narrow, traditional manner usually including parents and children. As the field has evolved, the concept of the family is more commonly defined in terms of strongly supportive, long-term roles and relationships between people who may or may not be related by blood or marriage.
Family therapy has been used effectively in the full range of human dilemmas; there is no category of relationship or psychological problem that has not been addressed with this approach.[citation needed] The conceptual frameworks developed by family therapists, especially those of family systems theorists, have been applied to a wide range of human behavior, including organizational dynamics and the study of greatness.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_therapist

A ghostwriter is a professional writer who is paid to write books, articles, stories, reports, or other texts that are officially credited to another person. Celebrities, executives, and political leaders often hire ghostwriters to draft or edit autobiographies, magazine articles, or other written material. In music, ghostwriters are used in film score composition, as well as for writing songs and lyrics for popular music genres.
Ghostwriters may have varying degrees of involvement in the production of a finished work. While some ghostwriters are hired to edit and clean up a rough draft, others are hired to do most of the writing based on an outline provided by the credited author.
For some projects, ghostwriters will do a substantial amount of research, as in the case of a ghostwriter who is hired to write an autobiography for a well-known person. Ghostwriters are also hired to write fiction in the style of an existing author, often as a way of increasing the number of books that can be published by a popular author (e.g., Tom Clancy, James Patterson). Ghostwriters will often spend from several months to a full year researching, writing, and editing nonfiction works for a client, and they are paid either per page, with a flat fee, or a percentage of the royalties of the sales, or some combination thereof. The ghostwriter is sometimes acknowledged by the author or publisher for his or her writing services.

Medical coding specialists are employed by hospitals, physicians, and health care institutes. Medical coding professionals are responsible for precisely translating a medical process or a medical diagnosis into its appropriate code as mentioned on a standardized list of more than ten thousand medical codes. Medical billing specialists use these codes to prepare reimbursement claims so that doctors and other medical practitioners can be appropriately remunerated for their services.
What is Medical Coding?
Medical coding is the process that involves allocation of different codes to procedures and diagnosis used by doctors and surgeons in the health care industry. These codes are very helpful in the process of reimbursement of doctors as well as patients. There are many colleges and institutes that offer specialization courses in medical coding and billing.
Eligibility
There are many colleges and institutes that offer specialization courses in medical coding and billing. The eligibility criterion for admissions to these colleges is usually a high school graduation. A medical coder has to extensively use computers and software that help make the job smoother and error free.Medical coding specialists are employed by hospitals, physicians, and health care institutes. Medical coding professionals are responsible for precisely translating a medical process or a medical diagnosis into its appropriate code as mentioned on a standardized list of more than ten thousand medical codes. Medical billing specialists use these codes to prepare reimbursement claims so that doctors and other medical practitioners can be appropriately remunerated for their services.
Medical coders who have enough experience in this field can choose to work from home. This is possible because of the Internet that helps the coder to effectively communicate with the doctors and other authorities for which the coder is working. The only drawback that working from home presents is that those who are not experienced enough in this field may find it difficult to cope up with the work and the danger of lagging behind and creating backlogs is imminent.

Medical transcription, also known as MT, is an allied health profession, which deals in the process of transcription, or converting voice-recorded reports as dictated by physicians and/or other healthcare professionals, into text format.
An individual who performs medical transcription is known as a medical transcriptionist or an MT. The equipment the MT uses is called a medical transcriber. The individual who performs medical transcription should always be called a "medical transcriptionist." A medical transcriptionist is the person responsible for converting the patient's medical records into text from recorded dictation. The term transcriber describes the electronic equipment used in performing medical transcription, e.g., a cassette player with foot controls operated by the MT for report playback and transcription. There have been industry discussions centered around whether or not medical transcriptionists should be called something else; no other industry-wide term has been adopted.
Education and training can be obtained through certificate or diploma programs, distance learning, and/or on-the-job training offered in some hospitals, although there are countries currently employing transcriptionists that require 18 months to 2 years of specialized MT training. Working in medical transcription leads to a mastery in medical terminology and editing, MT ability to listen and type simultaneously, utilization of playback controls on the transcriber (machine), and use of foot pedal to play and adjust dictations - all while maintaining a steady rhythm of execution.
While medical transcription does not mandate registration or certification, individual MTs may seek out registration/certification for personal or professional reasons. Obtaining a certificate from a medical transcription training program does not entitle an MT to use the title of Certified Medical Transcriptionist (CMT). The CMT credential is earned by passing a certification examination conducted solely by the Association for Healthcare Documentation Integrity (AHDI), formerly the American Association for Medical Transcription (AAMT), as the credentialing designation they created. AHDI also offers the credential of Registered Medical Transcriptionist (RMT). According to AHDI, the RMT is an entry-level credential while the CMT is an advanced level. AHDI maintains a list of approved medical transcription schools.
There is a great degree of internal debate about which training program best prepares a MT for industry work[3]. Yet, whether one has learned medical transcription from an online course, community college, high school night course, or on-the-job training in a doctor's office or hospital, a knowledgeable MT is highly valued. In lieu of these AHDI certification credentials, MTs who can consistently and accurately transcribe multiple document work-types and return reports within a reasonable turnaround-time (TAT) are sought after. TATs set by the service provider or agreed to by the transcriptionist should be reasonable but consistent with the need to return the document to the patient's record in a timely manner.
As of March 7, 2006, the MT occupation became an eligible U.S. Department of Labor Apprenticeship, a 2-year program focusing on acute care facility (hospital) work. In May 2004, a pilot program for Vermont residents was initiated, with 737 applicants for only 20 classroom pilot-program openings. The objective was to train the applicants as MTs in a shorter time period. (See Vermont HITECH for pilot program established by the Federal Government Health and Human Services Commission).

Curricular requirements, skills and abilities

experience that is directly related to the duties and responsibilities specified, and dependent on the employer (working directly for a physician or in hospital facility).

Knowledge of medical terminology.

Above-average spelling, grammar, communication and memory skills.

Ability to sort, check, count, and verify numbers with accuracy.

Skill in the use and operation of basic office equipment/computer; eye/hand/foot coordination.

Ability to follow verbal and written instructions.

Records maintenance skills or ability.

Above-average to excellent typing skills.

Basic MT knowledge, skills and abilities

Knowledge of basic to advanced medical terminology is essential.

Knowledge of anatomy and physiology.

Knowledge of disease processes.

Knowledge of medical style and grammar.

Average verbal communication skills.

Above-average memory skills.

Ability to sort, check, count, and verify numbers with accuracy.

Demonstrated skill in the use and operation of basic office equipment/computer.

Ability to follow verbal and written instructions.

Records maintenance skills or ability.

Above-average typing skills.

Knowledge and experience transcribing (from training or real report work) in the Basic Four work types: History and Physical Exam, Consultation, Operative Report, and Discharge Summary.

In some countries, MTs may sort, copy, prepare, assemble, and file records and charts (though in the United States (US) the filing of charts and records are most often assigned to Medical Records Techs in Hospitals or Secretaries in Doctor offices).

Distributes transcribed reports and collects dictation tapes.

Follows up on physicians' missing and/or late dictation, returns printed or electronic report in a timely fashion (in US Hospital, MT Supervisor performs).

Performs quality assurance check.

May maintain disk and disk backup system (in US Hospital, MT Supervisor performs).

May order supplies and report equipment operational problems (In US, this task is most often done by Unit Secretaries, Office Secretaries, or Tech Support personnel).

May collect, tabulate, and generate reports on statistical data, as appropriate (in US, generally performed by MT Supervisor).

An occupational therapist (OT) is trained in the practice of occupational therapy.
The role of an occupational therapist is to work with a client to help them achieve a fulfilled and satisfied state in life through the use of "purposeful activity or interventions designed to achieve functional outcomes which promote health, prevent injury or disability and which develop, improve, sustain or restore the highest possible level of independence."
A practical definition for OT can also be illustrated with the use of models such as the Occupational Performance Model (Australia), known as the OPM(A). At the core of this approach is the ideology that occupational therapists are concerned with the occupations of people and how these contribute to health.[2] Specifically it is a person’s occupational performance that influences their health and personal satisfaction of their individual needs. The OPM(A) is constructed on the following definition of Occupational Performance:
"The ability to perceive, desire, recall, plan and carry out roles, routines, tasks and sub-tasks for the purpose of self-maintenance, productivity, leisure and rest in response to demands of the internal and/or external environment."
It can be seen that occupational performance, the roles it creates for a client, and the areas it can encompass are so far-reaching that an occupational therapist can work with a wide range of clients of various limitations who are being cared for in an array of settings.[4] Occupational therapy is about helping people do the day-to-day tasks that “occupy” their time, sustain themselves, and enable them to contribute to the wider community. It is these opportunities to “do” that occupational therapy provides that prove important and meaningful to the health of people.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_Therapist

Pharmacy Technician's Responsibilities will vary with the nature of the job.
Here are the general responsibilities if they work on mail order pharmacies (most major insurance companies provide this service)
Responsibilities include data entry and problem solving with pharmacists to deliver accurate prescription information. The Pharmacy Technician collects and enter broad based information required for timely and accurate processing of prescription orders.
Specific Requirements

Licensed and Certified Pharmacy Technician.

License must be active and in good standing

1-2 years experience as a Pharmacy Technician in a retail, mail order or hospital pharmacy setting.