Sensitivity techniques

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) plays a key role in high precision navigation, positioning, timing, and scientific questions related to precise positioning. This is a highly precise, continuous, all-weather, and real-time technique. The book is devoted to presenting recent results and developments in GNSS theory, system, signal, receiver, method, and errors sources, such as multipath effects and atmospheric delays

Motivated by the recent interest in streaming algorithms for processing large text collections, we revisit the work of Ravichandran et al. (2005) on using the Locality Sensitive Hash (LSH) method of Charikar (2002) to enable fast, approximate comparisons of vector cosine similarity. For the common case of feature updates being additive over a data stream, we show that LSH signatures can be maintained online, without additional approximation error, and with lower memory requirements than when using the standard ofﬂine technique. ...

We describe a novel mechanism called Reservoir Counting for application in online Locality Sensitive Hashing. This technique allows for signiﬁcant savings in the streaming setting, allowing for maintaining a larger number of signatures, or an increased level of approximation accuracy at a similar memory footprint.

We present a clustering algorithm for Arabic words sharing the same root. Root based clusters can substitute dictionaries in indexing for IR. Modifying Adamson and Boreham (1974), our Two-stage algorithm applies light stemming before calculating word pair similarity coefficients using techniques sensitive to Arabic morphology. Tests show a successful treatment of infixes and accurate clustering to up to 94.06% for unedited Arabic text samples, without the use of dictionaries.

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.Capital Budgeting
This book explains the ﬁnancial appraisal of capital budgeting projects. The coverage extends from the development of basic concepts, principles and techniques to the application of them in increasingly complex and real-world situations. Identiﬁcation and estimation (including forecasting) of cash ﬂows, project appraisal formulae and the application of net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and other project evaluation criteria are illustrated with a variety of calculation examples.

Coastal lagoons are the most valuable components of coastal areas in terms of both
ecosystem and natural capital. In most NATO coastal countries, the majority of the
population lives within a 50-kilometer coastal band. Increasing human use and
development pressures in the coastal areas make these dynamic and productive
ecosystems very sensitive and vulnerable to deteriorations.

It is widely acknowledged that over the last 30 years or so we have
experienced a dramatic increase in the globalisation of economic activity.
International trade, cross-border investment, portfolio capital flows
and migration have all increased. As a consequence economies have
become more open and more interdependent. Because economies have
become more ‘joined-up’, national welfare has become more sensitive to
events and developments beyond national frontiers, which is one of the
reasons why globalisation has become a controversial issue.

T HE human visual system is less sensitive to flickering details than to
large-area flicker. Television displays apply interlacing to profit from
this fact, while broadcast formats were originally defined to match the display
scanning format. As a consequence, interlace is found throughout the
video chain. If we describe interlacing as a form of spatio-temporal subsampling,
then de-interlacing, the topic of our book, is the reverse operation
aiming at the removal of the sub-sampling artefacts....

The world's reliance on existing sources of energy and their associated detrimental impacts on the environment- whether related to poor air or water quality or scarcity, impacts on sensitive ecosystems and forests and land use - have been well documented and articulated over the last three decades. What is needed by the world is a set of credible energy solutions that would lead us to a balance between economic growth and a sustainable environment.

The primitive methods used for unsafe abortion show the desperation
of the women. Surveys done in New York City before the legalisation of
abortion on request documented the techniques in common use.
30
Of
899 women interviewed, 74 reported having attempted to abort one
or more pregnancies; 338 noted that one of their friends, relatives, or
acquaintances had done so. Of those reported abortion attempts, 80%
tried to do the abortion themselves. Nearly 40% of women used a
combination of approaches.

An organization must provide individuals with an opportunity to choose (opt out) if and how the personal information they provide is
used or disclosed to third parties, if such use is not compatible with the original purpose for which the information was collected.
Individuals must be provided with clear, readily available, and affordable mechanisms to exercise this option.

The most important element in implementation of the program is not the initial training event or the
amount of the content, but rather, the ongoing management and coaching of the participants and
those people that the participants are expected to supervise. Further, we must work with your
managers to ensure that they learn how to have those difficult, but necessary, conversations with
their subordinates who are dragging their feet, engaging in subterfuge or just not performing to
expectation.

With rapid advancements in computing power, computer modeling and simulations
have become an important complement to experimentations in many areas of research
as well as industrial applications. The Discrete Event Simulation (DES) method has
received widespread attention and acceptance by both researchers and practitioners in
recent years. The range of application of DES spans across many different disciplines
and research fields.

Another aspect to take into account in assigning priority is the geographical extent of the
impact, i.e. whether a particular problem, for example caused by a discharge of
wastewater, has only a local impact in an area of a few hundred meters along the river
or whether there is an impact in the entire river system downstream of the discharge.
The likely answer depends, for example, on the size of the discharge and the retention
time in the receiving water bodies, the degradability of the pollutant, and the occurrence
of sensitive species in the receiving water body. In addition, the...

Because there is significant variation and overlap in the appearance of dif-
ferent etiologies of vaginitis, objective testing should always be undertaken.
Any symptomatic, colored, or foul-smelling discharge should be sampled
from the lateral vaginal wall for microscopic examination. Such specimens
usually are obtained before other testing to decrease the presence of red blood
cells. Secretions are mixed with a small amount of normal saline either in a
test tube or on a slide with a protective cover slip to prevent air-drying.

Critical loads are typically expressed as deposition loading rates of one or more pollutants in amount per area per year (e.g., kilo-
grams per hectare per year (kg/ha/yr)). Critical loads are based on changes to specific biological or chemical indicators such as species
composition of a given ecosystem (e.g., grassland) or biotic community (e.g., understory plants or tree-dwelling lichens) or acid neu-
tralizing capacity (ANC) in soils, streams or lakes. Because different sensitive receptors (e.g.

Lecture Quantiative methods for bussiness - Chapter 4 include all of the following contents: Problem formulation, decision making without probabilities, decision making with probabilities, risk analysis and sensitivity analysis, decision analysis with sample information, computing branch probabilities.