Installing a solid-state drive is one of the best upgrades you can make to your computer, but migrating your Windows installation to a small drive can be tricky, because your data won't necessarily all fit on the drive. Here's how to install an SSD without reinstalling Windows from scratch.

Look familiar? We've posted this before, but the method we used is now out of date. So, we've updated the guide with a newer, easier, and up to date method for migrating all your data. Enjoy!

We've shown you how to migrate from an old drive to a spacious new drive, but when migrating to an SSD, things get a little more complicated. Instead of upgrading to a bigger drive, you're usually migrating to a smaller drive, which means a lot of files—like music, movies, and games—might not all fit on the SSD. You could always do a clean install (without losing any of your data), but why start fresh when you can migrate everything over, just as it is now? Luckily, the migration is pretty easy to pull off, and you should be able to go through the whole process in an afternoon.

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Here's the jist of the process: You'll back up your current drive, then delete all of your personal files, like your documents, movies and music. This will make your Windows installation small enough to fit on the SSD. Then, you'll clone your current drive onto the SSD, and completely erase your current drive. From there, you'll move all your user folders—like My Documents, My Music, and so on—back to the original hard drive, and restore all your personal files from the backup. You'll then be able to reap the benefits of an SSDs speed while keeping all your documents and files readily accessible on a second drive.

Note: If you have a laptop, this becomes a bit more difficult, since you only have room for one hard drive in your computer. You'll either have to get an SSD big enough to fit all your data, or remove your optical drive and replace it with a second hard drive. We've shown you how to do this on a MacBook, but you might be able to find optical bay adapters for your computer too; you'll just have to search around.

A solid-state drive. This is the drive you'll be migrating to. To get a rough idea of how big it should be, head to your current drive, navigate to C:\Users\ and right-click on your user folder. Hit Properties, and mark down how much space that folder takes up. Head to My Computer and note how much space Drive C: has filled up, and subtract your user folder's size from C:'s total. That's how big your SSD needs to be, though I'd give yourself a good deal of wiggle room for future updates and new programs. We'll assume, for the purposes of this guide, that you've already installed your new hard drive and are ready to migrate your data.

A backup of all your data. Since you can't clone only part of a drive, you'll need to remove your music, movies, and other personal files from your current drive before migrating Windows to the SSD. That means you'll want to back up your data somewhere else—whether that be an external drive, a spare internal drive, or the cloud. Just make sure that data is safe and recoverable, since we'll be restoring it later on.

EaseUS Todo Backup Free. This is the program we'll be using to migrate your installation. It's easy to use, free, and it can clone partitions from a big drive to a smaller drive, which is crucial for this process (since your SSD is probably smaller than your current hard drive).

A Note for Dual Booters

This guide assumes your main hard drive only has one partition on it, holding Windows and your documents. If you dual boot with Linux, OS X, or another version of Windows and it resides on the same drive, this whole process becomes a bit more complicated. Make extra sure you have a backup before continuing, and tweak the following two steps to the process. (If you aren't dual booting, you can ignore this).

In step three, you'll want to click on your Windows partition and clone only that to the SSD instead of cloning the entire disk. Cloning the entire disk would bring all your partitions over, which you won't likely have room for.

After step three, you probably won't be able to boot into Windows on your SSD. This is because the Windows bootloader resides on the MBR, not the partition itself. After you've migrated to the SSD, you'll need to insert your Windows installation CD (or your Windows 8 recovery disk) and choose "Repair Your Computer" from the main screen. Choose Startup Repair from the menu, and your computer should reboot a few times and repair the bootloader.

Step One: Defrag and Back Up Your Data

Before you start, you'll probably want to defragment your disk. Click the Start menu and type in "defrag", hitting Disk Defragmenter when it comes up. Run one last defrag before you continue.

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Next, you'll want to make sure everything is backed up in case something goes wrong. You should already be backing up your data regularly, whether to an external drive or with something like CrashPlan, but if you aren't, now's the time to start. Run one last backup before you start the migration process to make sure it's as up to date as possible.

Step Two: Slim Down Your Current Drive

Next, you'll need to delete files from your main drive until it becomes small enough to fit on your SSD. That means if your SSD is 120GB and your current drive has 260GB of data on it, you'll need to delete 140GB (260GB - 120GB = 140GB) worth of files before you can migrate. Usually, you can accomplish this by deleting all the music, movies, documents, and other files out of your "My Music", "My Videos", "My Documents", and other user folders. Don't delete the folders themselves, just delete everything inside them. We want to keep the folders intact for later. And remember, you've backed up those files, so don't worry about deleting stuff you still need. Don't uninstall any programs, unless you want them gone for good. We want to keep these on the SSD so they can benefit from the drive's speed.

Step Three: Migrate to the SSD

Open up EaseUS Todo backup and choose "Clone" from the left-hand sidebar. Click "Disk Clone." Choose your current hard drive as the source disk, and choose your SSD as the target disk. Check the "Optimize for SSD" box. This ensures that your partition is correctly "aligned" for SSDs, which is important for getting the best performance out of your SSD. Click Next.

EaseUS will begin copying your disk. Check the "Shut down the computer when the operation completed" box, and your computer will turn off when it's done.

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Remember, if you're a dual-booter or have more than one partition on your original drive, you want to clone the partition, not the drive. That means instead of choosing "Disk Clone," you should choose "Partition Clone," clone your Windows partition to the SSD, and stick in the repair disc when you're done to repair the bootloader.

Step Four: Wipe Your Original Drive

Once the cloning process is complete, turn your computer back on and boot from the SSD (you should have an option to press F12 for a boot menu, or you can change your drives' boot order in your BIOS). Open up Windows Explorer and find your original Windows drive. Right-click on it and choose "Format". A Quick Format is fine here; we just need to clear off all that old data. Make sure you're wiping your original Windows drive and not your backup. If you're unsure, unplug your backup drive first. You don't want to lose any of your data.

Step Five: Move Your User Folders

Now that you have Windows on your SSD, you need to get all your other files back on your system. You probably don't have enough room to fit it on your SSD, so we're going to store them on your old drive. And, since we can remap the locations of your My Documents, My Music, and other user folders, we can put them on a second drive without Windows even batting an eyelash.

First, head into your old drive (which should now be empty) and create a new folder to house all your user folders. I just called mine "Whitson." Head into C:\Users\YourUserName and you should see all your user folders there. Right-click on each one, hit Properties, and go to the Location tab. Click on the Move button, and choose your newly created user folder as the destination. When you're done, you might have a few miscellaneous settings folders left over (like .gtkrc-2.0 or .VirtualBox), which you can leave there. Your Contacts, Desktop, Downloads, Favorites, Links, Documents, Music, Pictures, Videos, Saved Games, and Searches folders should all be on your old drive.

Step Six: Restore Your Personal Files

Lastly, we just need to restore all your personal files. Open your backup—wherever it may be—and drag your documents, music, pictures, videos, and other files back into your "My Documents", "My Music", "My Pictures", and other user folders that you just moved.

Now, your files will be accessible just as they always were. Even though they're on a new drive, Windows still sees them as your main "My Documents" or "My Music" folders, so you shouldn't have to change much else. You may have a few programs—the text-based todo.txt is a great example—that still use absolute paths (like C:\Users\Documents instead of just searching your "My Documents" folder), so you may have to tweak a few settings in your favorite apps to get everything working properly. You also may have some programs (like VirtualBox) that store large files on C:, which you'll want to move in that program's settings.

For the most part, though, everything should work as it did before, and you should have a much faster computer thanks to the SSD.

Proper SSD Maintenance

We've covered proper SSD maintenance before, so I won't go too deeply into it here. In order to have Windows optimize itself for your new SSD, you may need to re-run the Windows Experience Index. Hit the Start menu and type in "Windows Experience", and hit the "Check the Windows Experience Index" option. Click "Re-Run the Assessment" and it should turn off defragmentation and turn on TRIM.

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To double check that it all went as expected, head to your Start menu and type "defrag" in the search box. Click on "Disk Defragmenter". Click on "Configure Schedule" and hit "Select Disks". If all went well, Windows will realize it's on an SSD and your SSD won't even be an option in this menu (if you're on Windows 8, it will show up in the list as an SSD instead, and defragmentation will be disabled).

Lastly, we'll want to make sure TRIM is turned on, which keeps your drive from slowing down over time. Open up a Command Prompt and type in:

fsutil behavior query DisableDeleteNotify

It will either give you a 0 or a 1 as a result. If you get a zero, that means TRIM is enabled. If you get a 1, make sure you have a TRIM-compatible SSD—you may have to Google your SSD's model number to find out.

The process seems very complicated, but if you follow the steps exactly, the whole migration should go off without a hitch. You'll have a super fast-booting machine, programs will launch almost instantaneously, and you'll still have all your personal files easily accessible on another drive.