Travelling of light in straight lines

As a result of travelling of light in straight lines , Some Phenomena happens such as Formation of images through narrow holes and formation of shadow .

Formation of shadow

When you darken the room and put your hand between a wall and a torch , a darkened area that is called shadow is formed on the wall , Shadow is the darkened area which is formed as a result of the falling of light on an opaque object , The shadow formation is an evidence that light travels in straight lines .

The shadow area is changed by changing the position of the object with respect to the light source , The nearer object to the light source has the bigger shadow , Shadow of an opaque body is formed when the light falls on it because the light travels in straight lines .

Formation of images through narrow holes

The idea of photographic camera is based on the idea of formation of images through narrow holes , where a minimized and inverted image is formed , Formation of images through narrow holes is due to the travelling of lightin straight lines .

Transmitting of light through different materials

Lighttransmits through different materials with variable degrees , Materials can be classified according to their ability to transmit lightinto Transparent materials , Semi-transparent ( translucent ) materials and Opaque materials .

Transparent materials are the materials that allow most lightto pass through and the objects can be seen clearly ( in full details ) through them , Such as Clear glass , Air , Clear waterand transparent plastic .

Semi-transparent ( translucent ) materials are the materials that allow some lightto pass through and the objects can be seen through them less clearly than the transparent one , Such as Frosted glass and Tissue paper .

Opaque materials are the materials that do not allow the light to pass through and the objects can not be seen through them , Such as Rocks , Aluminium foil , Wood & Cartoon , Opaque materials are used to cover the windows of darkened photographic rooms .

Our bodies are opaque materials because they do not allow the light to transmit through and the objects can not be seen behind them and we can not see through the foil sheet because the foil sheet is an opaque material .

Clear glass is a transparent material because it allows most light to pass through and the objects can be seen be seen clearly through it .

Note : When you look in a mirror , you can see your image due to the regular light reflection , where the distance between your body and the mirror is equal to the distance between your image and the mirror .

We can not see in the dark because there is no light falling on the objects and reflecting on our eyes causing vision , We can see your image in the plane mirror due to the light reflection .

Light refraction

Light refraction is the change in the direction of light rays when light passes through the separating surface between two different transparent media due to the change in the light speed .

The pencil appears broken when you put it in a transparent cup of waterdue to the refraction of light , The reflected light rays from the part of the pencil above the water travel through the air only , So , they do not refract .

But , the light rays that are reflected from the part of the pencil inside the watertravel firstly through the water, then through the air , The light speed through air is faster than that through the water , So , this change in the speed of light rays causes their refraction ( changing in their direction ) & seeing the pencil broken .

Light separation ( splitting of light )

Light separation is the separation ( splitting ) of white light into seven spectrum colours , White light consists of seven spectrum colours , so , we can separate it into seven colours by using the glass prism .

The Sunlight ( white light ) is formed of seven spectrum colours which are red , orange , yellow , green , blue , indigo & violet , White light can be also analyzed into seven spectrum colours by the drops of rain water forming rainbow , that appears in the sky during rainfall , So , the drops of rain water act as a glass prism .

The formation of spectrum colours is due to splitting of white light into seven spectrum colours .