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Hōfu (防府) means "the capital (国府) of Suō Province (周防国)". The eastern part of Yamaguchi Prefecture was formerly called Suō Province.

The city was founded on August 25, 1936.[1] The city's change during the past fifty years can be visualised in the animated film Mai Mai Miracle, with its story taking place in the year of 1955 (with flashbacks a 1,000 years further back).[2]