A trigonometric series $ \displaystyle \frac{a_0}{2}+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(a_{n}\cos nx +b_{n}\sin nx)$ is a Fourier series of a essentially bounded function if and only if there exists a constant $K$ such that
$|\sigma_{n}(x)|\leq K$ almost everywhere.

Proof:

Let us assume that a trigonometric series $ \displaystyle \frac{a_0}{2}+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(a_{n}\cos nx +b_{n}\sin nx)$ is a Fourier series of a essentially bounded function $f$.