Terms or words used in this chapter, unless
otherwise expressly stated, shall be construed as defined below. When
terms, phrases or words are not defined, they shall have their ordinarily
accepted meanings or such as the context may imply.

A special overlay district established to permit the planned reuse, division and/or redevelopment of existing buildings, structures and land areas within certain zoning districts, subject to the requirements of § 155-45 of the Caln Township Code.

An establishment primarily engaged in overall management
and supervisory functions, such as executive, personnel, finance,
legal and sales activities, typically performed in a single location
or building for other branches or divisions of the same company.

A unified planned residential development servicing the housing,
personal needs and care of older persons, who are generally 55 years
of age or older, within residential units, and as further defined
in this chapter of the Code. This use is intended to provide housing
opportunities for older persons in accordance with the Fair Housing
Act.

— An
enclosed building offering video presentations distinguished or characterized
by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to specified
sexual activities or specified anatomical areas for observation by
patrons within private viewing booths and/or by use of token, coin-operated
viewing booths, projectors, video machines or other electronic media
sources projectors, as defined by the Caln Township Code and/or the
State Obscenity Code, as amended.

— A
commercial establishment having as a substantial or significant portion
of its stock in trade (for sale or rental) books, magazines, periodicals,
photographs, films, videos, motion pictures, slides or similar materials,
which are distinguished or characterized by their emphasis on matter
depicting, describing or relating to specified sexual activities or
specified anatomical areas, as defined by the Caln Township Code and/or
the State Obscenity Code, as amended. An adult bookstore and/or adult
novelty store may include the sale of instruments, devices, novelties
or paraphernalia which are designed for the use in connection with
specified sexual activities.

— A nightclub,
bar, club, restaurant, tavern, theater or similar commercial establishments
which features: persons who appear in the state of nudity or seminudity;
live performances which are categorized by the exposure of specified
sexual activities or specified anatomical areas; and/or films, motion
pictures, videocassettes, slides or other photographic reproductions
which are categorized by the depiction or description of specified
sexual activities or specified anatomical areas.

— A theater, concert
hall, auditorium, business or similar commercial establishment which
features: persons who appear in the state of nudity or seminudity;
live performances which are categorized by the exposure of specified
sexual activities or specified anatomical areas; and/or films, motion
pictures, videocassettes, slides or other photographic reproductions
which are categorized by the depiction or description of specified
sexual activities or specified anatomical areas.

— A person who, for consideration,
agrees or offers to act as a companion, guide or date for another
person, or who agrees or offers to privately model lingerie, or to
privately perform a striptease for another person.

— Any place
where a person who appears seminude, in a state of nudity or displays
specific anatomic areas and is provided to be observed, sketched,
drawn, painted, sculptured, photographed or similarly depicted by
other persons, who may pay money or any other form of consideration.

— The
showing of the human male or female genitals, pubic area, vulva, anus,
anal cleft or cleavage; the showing of the female breast with less
than fully opaque covering of any part of the nipple; the showing
of the covered male genitals in a discernibly turgid state; or as
defined by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

— A
business or commercial enterprise that as one of its principal business
purposes offers for any form of consideration: physical contact in
the form of wrestling or tumbling between persons of the opposite
sex; activities between male and female persons and/or persons of
the same sex when one or more of the persons is in the state of nudity
or seminudity; any violation on the activity popularly denominated
as "mud wrestling; or any sexual encounter activities defined by the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

— Human
genitals, pubic region, anus, buttocks, female breasts(s) below a
point immediately above the top of the areola or human male genitals
(covered or uncovered) in a discernibly turgid state, or as defined
by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

— Activities
including: the fondling or other erotic touching of human genital,
pubic region, buttocks, anus or female breasts; sex acts, normal or
perverted, actual or simulated, including intercourse, oral copulation,
masturbation or sodomy; excretory functions as part of or in connection
with any of the sexual activities set forth in this Code; or any specified
sexual activities defined by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

A facility which provides supervision and/or instruction
on a daily basis for one or more individuals who have a physical or
mental disability who are not related to the caregiver or operator,
where tuition, fees or other forms of compensation are charged, whether
governmentally subsidized and/or licensed and whether operated for
profit or not for profit. An adult training facility shall also be
considered as an adult day-care facility.

An enterprise that is actively engaged in the commercial
production and preparation for market of crops, livestock and livestock
products and in the production, harvesting and preparation for market
or use of agricultural, agronomic, horticultural, silvicultural and
aquacultural crops and commodities. The term includes an enterprise
that implements changes in production practices and procedures or
types of crops, livestock, livestock products or commodities produced
consistent with practices and procedures that are normally engaged
by farmers or are consistent with technological development within
the agricultural industry.

The cultivation of the soil and the raising and harvesting
of the products of the soil, including but not limited to nursery,
horticulture, forestry and animal husbandry. This chapter of the Code
outlines the limitations for general agricultural activities. These
limitations shall not disrupt any of the rights and privileges established
under the Pennsylvania Agricultural Security Act, as amended.

Specialized agricultural activities, including but not limited
to mushroom, egg and poultry production, and dry lot livestock production,
which due to the intensity of production or raw material storage needs,
necessitate special control of operation, raw material storage and
processing, and disposal of liquid and solid wastes. Intensive agricultural
activities shall also include general agricultural activities exceeding
the standards and specifications outlined under this chapter. This
chapter also outlines the limitations for intensive agricultural activities.
These limitations shall not disrupt any of the rights and privileges
established under the Pennsylvania Agricultural Security Act, as amended.

Any change or rearrangement in the structural parts or in
the existing facilities of a building or structure, such as bearing
walls, columns, beams, girders, joists, rafters, headers or enclosed
walls, or any enlargement or modification thereof, whether by extension
on any side or by an increase in height, or the moving of such building
from one location or position to another, or any other change of use
of a building or a lot.

A professional veterinary establishment used for the diagnosis,
care and treatment of ailing or injured animals, which may include
overnight accommodations. The overnight boarding of healthy animals
shall be considered a kennel.

The raising and keeping of livestock and poultry for any
commercial purpose. The keeping of livestock and poultry as farm pets
for domestic purposes, as permitted within the Caln Township Code,
shall not be considered as animal husbandry.

The vertical distance measured from the base of the antenna
support structure at grade to the highest point of the structure.
If the support structure is on a sloped grade, then the average between
the highest and lowest grades shall be used in calculating the antenna
height.

A group of two or more apartment buildings built on a lot
or lots which shall also include common amenities and recreational
facilities for the use of the apartment residents, such as but not
limited to office space for uses associated with the apartment development,
swimming pools, fitness rooms, recreational areas, open space and
common parking areas.

Every application, whether preliminary, tentative or final,
required to be filed and approved prior to start of construction or
development, including but not limited to an application for a building
permit, for the approval of a subdivision plat or plan or for the
approval of a development plan.

Any building or land area devoted to the repair, servicing,
restoration, reconstruction and maintenance of vehicles, including
the retail sale of gasoline, motor oil, car washes, batteries and
other similar vehicular accessories.

That portion of a building that is partly or completely below
the grade plane. A basement shall be considered a story above grade
plane when the finished surface of the floor above the basement is
as follows: more than six feet above the grade plane; more than six
feet above the finished ground level for more than 50% of the total
building perimeter; and/or more than 12 feet above the finished ground
level at any point.

Any combination of material forming any structure, which
is erected on the ground and permanently affixed thereto, whereas
the framed components or structural parts are designed for the complete
enclosure (with walls and a roof) and support for individuals, animals
or property of any kind.

The total area taken on a horizontal plane at the main grade
level of all primary and accessory buildings on a lot, excluding unroofed
porches, paved terraces, steps, eaves and gutters, but including all
enclosed extensions.

The area of a lot that has no building or construction restrictions
such as building set back requirements, rights-of-way, easements,
floodplains, wetlands, steep slopes or similar restrictions as defined
in this chapter.

The front of a building considering the location of the main
entrance and the public street providing access. For corner lots,
the building frontage shall be established along both streets to which
the building has frontage or access.

A solar photovoltaic system that is constructed as an integral
part of a principal or accessory building or structure and where the
building-integrated system features maintain a uniform profile or
surface of vertical walls, window openings, and roofing. Such a system
is used in lieu of a separate mechanical device, replacing or substituting
for an architectural or structural component of the building or structure
that appends or interrupts the uniform surface of walls, windows openings
or roofing. A building-integrated system may occur within vertical
facades, replacing view glass, spandrel glass or other façade
material; into semitransparent skylight systems; into roofing systems,
replacing traditional roofing materials; or other building or structure
envelope systems.

A solar photovoltaic system attached to any part or type
of roof on a building or structure that has an occupancy permit on
file with the Township and that is either the principal structure
or an accessory structure on a lot. This system also includes any
solar-based architectural elements.

The minimum distance a building or structure must be set
back from the ultimate street right-of-way line (where it exists)
or from the street legal right-of-way line (where the ultimate right-of-way
does not exist) of the street immediately adjacent thereto.

The line within a property establishing the minimum required
distance between any building or structure, or portions thereof, to
be erected or altered and a street right-of-way (except the right-of-way
of a service street). The distance shall be measured at right angles
from the street right-of-way line which abuts the property, and the
building setback line shall be parallel to said right-of-way line.

A story partly below the finished grade, having at least
1/2 of its height (measured from finished floor to finished ceiling)
below the average level of the adjoining finished grade where such
grade abuts the exterior walls of the building. A cellar shall not
be considered a story in determining the permissible number of stories.

Land used or intended to be used for the burial of human
remains and may include columbariums, crematoriums, mausoleums and
mortuaries when operated in conjunction with and within the boundary
of such cemetery.

A statement issued and enforced by the Zoning Officer, whereas
upon the completion, conversion, extension or modification of a new
building or existing building, a certificate of compliance is issued
and signed by the Zoning Officer, and the building can be lawfully
occupied for the intended use or activity.

An individual considered by law to be a minor that is under
the age of a person who is under 18 years of age. For the purposes
of a day-care center or facility, a child shall be considered any
person who is under 15 years of age.

— Land
and buildings containing private or semiprivate recreation facilities,
social quarters, restaurants, meeting rooms, banquet facilities, bars,
taprooms and similar uses for the exclusive use of the members and
their guests.

— Land
and buildings containing recreation facilities, social quarters, restaurants,
meeting rooms, banquet facilities, bars, taprooms and similar uses
owned and operated by nonprofit organizations for the exclusive use
of the members or guests.

The placement or installation of new wireless telecommunication
facilities on previously approved and constructed wireless support
structures, including self-supporting or guyed monopoles and towers,
electrical transmission towers, water towers or any other structure
not classified as a wireless support structure that can support the
placement or installation of wireless telecommunications facilities
if approved by the Township. The term includes the placement, replacement
or modification of accessory equipment within a previously approved
equipment compound.

A commercial use, whereas a lot or parcel of land are temporarily
occupied by more than two campsites during specified seasons, including
tents and recreation vehicles, as defined by the Caln Township Code.

A commercial use involving the accumulation of biodegradable
and organic materials from approved uses, including: mushroom production
uses; municipal uses; landscaping uses; nursery uses; forestry uses
and other similar uses, as determined appropriate by Caln Township;
whereas the composted materials are packaged, processed and/or transported
from the commercial composting facility and utilized for other applications.

A permitted commercial use, where the patrons have the option to be provided services without leaving their vehicle, as allowable within certain zoning districts in accordance with the provisions of § 155-79 of this chapter of the Code.

A use or activity operated as a business that is open to
the public for the purpose of recreation and entertainment, including
but not limited to, bowling alleys, health or fitness clubs, swimming
pools, miniature golf courses, museums, theaters, amusement arcades
and other similar commercial recreational uses as determined by the
Zoning Officer.

An educational facility carried on as a business and not
operated by a public agency. The range of curriculums can include,
but not be limited to, academic instruction, business, technical programs,
art, music, dance, language and other similar commercial school uses
as determined by the Zoning Officer.

A use or activity that includes, but is not limited to, retail
sales, businesses, offices, personal services, banks, financial institutions,
restaurants, communications, recreation and other similar commercial
uses as determined by the Zoning Officer.

The use of naturally occurring water when 5,000 gallons or
more of such water is used on site per day or when 5,000 gallons or
more of such water is exported or transported for use off site. "Naturally
occurring water" shall mean all water above and below the ground surface.

Any motor vehicle utilized for a business or trade activity
of any kind, including construction, excavating, earthmoving equipment
or similar equipment, regardless of the use, excluding a Class I and
II motor vehicle, which is properly licensed by the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania.

A parcel or parcels of land or an area of water, or a combination
of land and water, within a development, designed and intended for
use or enjoyment of all residents of the development in which it is
located. Common open spaces shall not include: land areas within street
rights-of-way; required open areas between buildings; between buildings
and street rights-of-way, driveways and parking areas; and other areas
that may be specified within this chapter. No dwelling unit, accessory
building or parking area may be located within common open spaces.

A public or quasi-public municipal, institutional or recreational
use devoted exclusively to accommodate one or more group activities,
including but not limited to, civic, social, recreational, educational
or cultural or other similar activities determined appropriate by
the Zoning Officer, and provided that the community center is properly
maintained and is not utilized as a residential use.

Overlay provisions established to consider conservation management,
environmental resource protection, natural resources and open space
preservation. These provisions are intended to supplement and enhance
the existing underlying zoning district regulations for certain land
areas and water features, including: floodplains; wetlands and hydric
soils; steep slopes; woodlands; and carbonate geological formations.

The preservation and utilization of land and surface water
as wildlife habitats, forests, farmland, meadows, wetlands, lakes,
streams, rivers and other similar uses or features that involve no
site improvements other than those required for education, recreation
or municipal uses.

The placement of materials and equipment in a defined area
to be assembled, built, applied and/or demolished in a temporary or
permanent manner, as approved by the designated officials of Caln
Township.

A building containing sleeping rooms used by persons who
are lodged and furnished with meals and are provided with needed support
and recovery services, including the availability of basic nursing
care. Such a facility may or may not include skilled nursing or medical
care. This definition shall be limited to facilities licensed by the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as a convalescent home, nursing center,
rehabilitation center or personal care center.

An area of land, together with a building of not less than
4,000 square feet in gross floor area and not more than 10,000 square
feet in gross floor area, which is opened to the general public for
up to 24 hours per day, owned and operated by one entity, and designed
and intended to be utilized solely for both the retail sale within
the building of limited food items, beverages, take-out only delicatessen,
newspapers, magazines and incidental personal care items (but excluding
the sale of prescription drugs and clothing) and the location within
the building of not more than two ATM banking machines for the convenience
of the general public, and the retail sale of gasoline outside of
the building when dispensed from gasoline fueling positions located
under a canopy. The sale of diesel fuel and/or the location of pay
telephones are allowed only when permitted as an accessory conditional
use by the Board.

An area of land or water with one or more of the following
characteristics: steep slopes; floodplain; wetlands; hydric soils;
high water table soils; land subject to hazardous, municipal or industrial
waste; fault areas; sinkholes; stream corridors; estuaries; and habitats
of endangered species.

A proposed zoning amendment made to the Board of Commissioners
by any landowner/applicant who desires to challenge on substantial
grounds the validity of an ordinance which prohibits or restricts
the use or the development of land in which the landowner/applicant
has an interest.

— A
facility which provides supervision and/or instruction on a daily
basis for one or more individuals who have a physical or mental disability
who are not related to the caregiver or operator, where tuition, fees
or other forms of compensation are charged, whether governmentally
subsidized and/or licensed and whether operated for profit or not
for profit. An adult training facility shall also be considered as
an adult day-care facility.

— A facility
which, on a daily basis, exclusively provides supplemental parental
care and supervision and/or instruction to seven or more children
simultaneously, who are not related to the caregiver or operator,
where tuition, fees or other forms of compensation are charged, whether
governmentally subsidized or not, and which is licensed or approved
to dispense child care by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and whether
operated by a for-profit entity or a not-for-profit entity.

— A
building in which child day care is provided for more than six but
fewer than 16 school-age-level children, or more than six but fewer
than 13 children of another age, who are unrelated to the operator.
Such property shall have outdoor play area in the rear of the property
of sufficient size to accommodate 11 children at once which shall
be enclosed with at least a four-foot-high continuous fence and self-latching
gate.

— A building
used principally as a residence by one adult caregiver resident thereof
in which child day care is provided simultaneously to four, five or
six children who are unrelated to the resident caregiver. Such residential
property shall have an outdoor play area in the rear of the property
of sufficient size to accommodate six children at once which shall
be enclosed with at least a four-foot-high continuous fence and self-latching
gate.

Any man-made change to improved or unimproved land, including
but not limited to buildings or other structures, the installation
of utilities, filling, grading, paving, excavation, mining, dredging
or drilling operations.

A proposal for the development of land, prepared in accordance
with the Caln Township Code, including a plan for subdivision or land
development, all covenants relating to use, location and bulk of buildings
and other structures, intensity of use or density of development,
streets, ways and parking facilities, common open space and public
facilities. The phrase "provisions of the development plan" when used
in this chapter shall mean the written and graphic materials referred
to in this definition.

A building occupied as a commercial establishment for the
purposes of serving food as a restaurant and entertaining patrons
with live on-stage theatrical performances, which are considered not
to be an adult business or adult entertainment use.

A building or structure or portion thereof arranged, intended,
designed or used as the living quarters for one or more families living
independently of each other. Such buildings as hospitals, hotels,
boarding, rooming, lodging houses, nursing homes, motels and institutional
residences are not included in the definition of dwelling. The following
dwelling types are further defined as follows:

— A
building arranged, designed or intended for occupancy of two families,
living independent of each other in separate dwelling units that are
separated by horizontal floors as opposed to vertical walls.

— A building arranged,
designed and intended to be occupied exclusively as a residence for
one family, which is one of a group of three or more such buildings,
placed side by side and separated by unpierced vertical common walls,
each dwelling having at least one separate entrance from the outside.

— Real estate, portions
of which are designated for separate ownership and the remainder of
which is designated for common open space solely for the owners of
those portions, created under either the Pennsylvania Unit Property
Act, as amended, or the Pennsylvania Uniform Condominium Act, as amended. [1]

— A transportable,
single-family dwelling constructed in accordance with the specifications
of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania intended for permanent occupancy
contained in one unit, or in two or more units designed to be joined
into one integral unit capable of again being separated for repeated
towing, which arrives at a site complete and ready for occupancy except
for minor and incidental unpacking and assembly operations, and constructed
so that it may be used without a permanent foundation.

— Any
structure designed primarily for residential occupancy, which is wholly
or in substantial part made, fabricated, formed or assembled in manufacturing
facilities for installation or assembly and installation on the building
site. Housing units defined as mobile homes are excluded from this
definition.

The use of a building, structure or property for the purpose
of educating, teaching or instructing six or more individuals at any
one time from kindergarten through the 12th grade. This term shall
not include those uses defined as day-care center or facility, higher
learning institution, trade school, or automotive trade school.

An assemblage of equipment for purposes other than generation
or utilization through which electric energy in bulk is passed for
the purpose of switching or modifying its characteristics to meet
the need of the general public.

A detailed written report that provides discussion of significant
environmental impacts and provides reasonable alternatives which would
avoid or minimize adverse impacts or enhance the quality of the human
environment.

One person occupying a single dwelling; two or more persons
related by blood, marriage or adoption, living together in a single
dwelling unit and maintaining it as a functional common household;
and/or a group of not more than four persons unrelated by blood, marriage
or adoption living together in a single dwelling unit and maintaining
it as a functional common household. The term "family" shall be deemed
to include any domestic employees or gratuitous guests.

An area of land, including all buildings, accessory buildings,
farm buildings and one single-family detached principal dwelling,
all used for agriculture and where the primary source of income is
derived from property.

A road that provides fire apparatus access from the fire
station to a facility, building or portion thereof. This is a general
term inclusive of all other terms such as fire lane, public street,
private street, parking lot lane and access roadway.

A flagstaff designed and solely intended for the patriotic
display of the flag of the United States of America, or its armed
forces, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania or any political subdivision
thereof, or the flag of a group or organization, or combination thereof,
and for no other purpose. A flagpole shall not include a standard
antenna, a standard antenna support structure, a commercial communications
antenna support structure, tower, antenna or any other structure designed,
intended or capable of supporting any other use or purpose.

A mixed use of building space designed and occupied in accordance with § 155-96 of this chapter, whereas the permitted principal use occupies at least 20% of the flex space building and the permitted subordinate uses occupies no more than 80% of the flex space building.

A conservation overlay of land and water, which have been defined within the Flood Insurance Study, as prepared by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, which principally include areas located along the major creeks and waterways of Caln Township. The following subdefinitions and categories, which are further described and regulated under § 155-34 of the Code, shall apply to the Floodplain Overlay District:

— The
flood that has been selected to serve as the basis upon which the
floodplain management provisions of this chapter have been prepared.
The base flood or regulatory flood shall also be known as the “one-hundred-year
flood.”

— A relatively flat
or lowland area adjoining a river, stream or watercourse which is
subject to partial or complete inundation of water. Also, an area
subject to unusual and rapid accumulation of water or runoff of surface
waters from any source.

— Those
portions of land and water that are generally subject to the inundation
of the one-hundred-year flood, whereas base flood elevations have
been determined or approximated by the most recent Flood Insurance
Study, as conducted by the Federal Emergency Management Agency.

— A map depicting
those areas or features within the Flood Hazard District, including,
but not limited to, the floodplain, floodway, floodway fringe, as
well as other areas or features identified by the Federal Emergency
Management Agency. The Flood Hazard Map shall also mean the Flood
Insurance Rate Map.

— That portion of the
Floodplain Overlay District that is required to carry and discharge
the waters of the one-hundred-year flood without increasing the water
surface elevation at any point more than one foot above existing conditions,
as determined in the Flood Insurance Study for Caln Township or the
Federal Emergency Management Agency.

— That portion
of the Floodplain Overlay District that is subject to inundation by
the one-hundred-year flood, lying beyond the floodway in areas where
detailed study data and profiles are made available by the Flood Insurance
Study.

The gross floor space of the building or buildings, measured
from the exterior faces of exterior walls or from the center line
of wall separating buildings. In particular, the floor area of a building
or buildings shall include: basement space; all spaces other than
cellar space with structural headroom of seven feet, six inches or
more; interior balconies and mezzanines; enclosed porches, terraces
or other space which are attached to the principal structure on at
least one side; attic spaces (with or without a finished floor) providing
structural headroom of seven feet, six inches or more is available
over 50% of such attic space. However, the floor area shall not include:
cellar space, except that cellar space used for retailing; elevator
shafts, stairwells, bulkhead, accessory water tanks or cooling towers;
terraces; breezeways; uncovered steps; open space; and/or accessory
buildings.

The management of forests and timberlands when practiced
in accordance with accepted silvicultural principles, through developing,
cultivating, harvesting, transporting and selling trees for commercial
purposes, which does not involve any land development.

An accessory building or a part of a principal building used
for the storage of motor vehicles owned and used by the owner or tenant
of the premises and for the storage of not more than three motor vehicles
owned and used by persons other than the owner or tenant of the premises.
Not more than one commercial vehicle or truck may be stored in a private
garage.

A building, not a private residential or a public garage,
one story in height, used solely for the storage of motor vehicles
used in conjunction with a business or industry, but not for the sale,
service or repair thereof nor for the sale of fuel, accessories or
supplies.

A reference plane representing the average of finished ground
level adjoining the building at the exterior walls. Where the finished
ground levels slope away form the exterior walls, the referenced plane
shall be established by the lowest points within the area between
the building and the lot line or, where the lot line is more than
six feet from the building, between the building and a point six feet
from the building.

A linear corridor of open space, including natural features
such as waterways, stream valleys, ridgelines and scenic vistas, or
along man-made features such as railroad beds or abandoned canals,
which provide areas for wildlife habitats and recreational uses.

A defined area to accommodate all phases of operation of
rotor-wing aircraft or helicopters, with sufficient space for all
required safety controls and maneuvers in accordance with all state
and federal requirements, as well as to allow for the provision of
service facilities.

A defined area on a roof or on the ground to accommodate
touch down and lift off of rotor-wing aircraft or helicopters. All
such defined areas shall have sufficient space to accommodate all
required safety controls and maneuvers in accordance with all state
and federal requirements, but in no case shall such area provide service
facilities.

A use made up of: an undergraduate division which confers
associate or bachelor degrees; a graduate division which comprises
a graduate school, and/or professional schools, each of which may
confer master's degrees and doctorates. This term shall not include
those uses defined as an automotive trade school.

A place of ingress/egress from or access to a street or highway
created by a driveway or another street or highway. Measurement between
them shall be from the center line of one such point to the center
line of another such point.

A special overlay district established to provide provisions for subdivision, land development, aesthetics, architectural appearance, landscaping, signs and streetscape design, as specified in § 155-47.

A place, building, structure or site, whereas because of
its' local, state or national significance is considered as a historical
site or resource. All such historical sites are identified on the
National Register of Historical Places, by the Pennsylvania Historical
and Museum Commission, or within the Comprehensive Plan.

An accessory use, which is customarily conducted within a
residential use or a structure accessory thereto, which is clearly
secondary and incidental to the residential use in which the practitioner
resides. The following categories of home occupation are hereby defined:

— A
business or commercial activity administered or conducted as an accessory
use, which is clearly secondary to the use as a residential dwelling
and which involves no customer, client or patient traffic (whether
vehicular or pedestrian), pickup, delivery or removal functions to
or from the premises in excess of those normally associated with a
residential use. A Category 1 home occupation shall be synonymous
with a no-impact home-based business, as defined by the Pennsylvania
Municipalities Planning Code.

— A
business or commercial activity administered or conducted as an accessory
use, which is clearly secondary to a single-family residential dwelling
and which involves some customer, client or patient traffic (whether
vehicular or pedestrian), pickup, delivery or removal functions to
or from the premises in excess of those normally associated with a
residential use.

An institutional use, licensed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
which provides for inpatient and outpatient medical care, 24 hours
per day, seven day per week, as well as providing primary health services,
medical care and surgical services to patients suffering from illness,
disease, injury, deformity and other abnormal physical or mental conditions.
In addition, a hospital may also include accessory uses and facilities
including, but not limited to, medical offices, administrative offices,
educational facilities, research centers, clinics, cafeterias, retail
stores and other uses considered customary to a hospital or medical
campus.

A building or group of buildings containing five or more individual rooms for rental, primarily for transients, with common hallways for all rooms on the same floor, and where no provision is made for cooking in any individual room or suite. Hotel does not include institutional or educational uses and buildings where human beings are housed under legal constraint. Hotels may also include accessory uses such as restaurants, lounges, lobbies, conference rooms and recreational facilities such as swimming pools and fitness facilities provided sufficient off-street parking spaces are provided for each accessory use in accordance with the provisions of Article X of this chapter and provided that the combined floor area of all accessory uses shall not occupy more than 25% of the total gross floor area of the hotel building.

A residential community or use designed for those persons
who are independent with respect to their daily living activities
(bathing, dressing, grooming and eating) and choose to reside in a
community with other seniors (55 years or older). These communities
may offer amenities such as, but not limited to, security systems,
recreational activities, social programs, meal services and transportation.

A use or activity that includes, but is not limited to, assembling,
manufacturing, distributing, processing, storing or warehousing of
products and materials, and other similar industrial uses as determined
by the Zoning Officer.

A use or activity that includes, but is not limited to, educational
uses, hospitals, medical centers, health care uses, churches, religious
uses, assisted living care facilities, and other similar institutional
uses as determined by the Zoning Officer.

A lot, land or structure, or parts thereof, used for the
collection, storage, dismantling, salvage, sale, exchange and/or recycling
of used and discarded materials, including, but not limited to, waste,
paper, rags, glass, containers, fabric and similar material from vehicles,
equipment or machinery. The deposit or storage of two or more unlicensed,
uninspected, abandoned, wrecked or disabled vehicles shall be deemed
to be a "junkyard."

Any property, including any building or structure thereon,
where four or more dogs, 10 weeks of age or older, are kept or maintained
for boarding, grooming, breeding, training, showing, selling or exchange.

A unit of electrical power equal to 1,000 watts, which constitutes
the basic unit of electrical demand. A watt is a metric measurement
of power (not energy) and is the rate (not duration) at which electricity
is used. One thousand kW is equal to one megawatt (MW).

A group of two or more residential or nonresidential
buildings, whether proposed initially or cumulatively, or a single
nonresidential building on a lot or lots regardless of the number
of occupants or tenure; or

The division or allocation of land or space,
whether initially or cumulatively, between or among two or more existing
or prospective occupants by means of, or for the purpose of streets,
common areas, leaseholds, condominiums, building groups or other features.

The legal or beneficial owner or owners of land, including
the holder of an option or contract to purchase (whether or not such
option or contract is subject to any condition). A lessee under a
written lease who has written authorization of the legal owner shall
be deemed to be a landowner for the purpose of this chapter.

A special overlay district established to provide provisions for land development, aesthetics, architectural appearance, landscaping and streetscape design along the Lincoln Highway (Business Route 30) and as further defined in § 155-43 of this Code.

A defined space located within a lot or parcel of land, which
has accessibility to a public street, for temporary use of commercial
vehicles while loading or unloading merchandise and materials to the
principal use and building contained on the lot or parcel of land.

A tract or parcel of land, regardless of size, held in single
or joint ownership, not necessarily a lot or lots shown on a duly
recorded map, which is occupied or capable of being occupied by buildings,
structures and accessory buildings, including such open spaces as
are arranged, designed or required. The term "lot" shall also mean
parcel, plot, site or any similar term.

— A lot situated
at and abutting the intersection of two streets having an interior
angle of intersection not greater than 135°. The front yard and
lot width requirements shall apply to each street to which the corner
lot has frontage. The other yards shall be designated as side yards.

— An
irregularly shaped lot characterized by an elongated extension from
a street to the principal part of the lot. The flag or keyhole shape
of the lot is normally intended to provide for access to an otherwise
landlocked interior parcel.

The space contained within the lot lines of any land parcel,
including land area within all existing and future/ultimate street
rights-of-way, delineated wetlands, common open space and easements
established for all utility, municipal and stormwater purposes.

The space contained within the lot lines of any land parcel,
excluding any and all future/ultimate street rights-of-way and common
open space. The net lot area shall not be less than the minimum lot
size required by the underlying zoning district for the use proposed
in which the lot is located.

The assembling, creating, cleaning, fabricating, processing,
testing, recycling, packaging, converting, distributing and/or repairing
of raw materials, with the use of labor and machinery, of products
that will be made available for sale. The term "manufacture" shall
not include retail sales, personal services, solid waste disposal,
truck distribution, mineral extraction, woodland extraction, forestry,
exportation of groundwater, warehousing, or similar uses determined
by the Zoning Officer.

A place of business where a person or persons engage in or
carry on any method of pressure on, friction against or stroking,
kneading, rubbing, tapping, pounding, vibrating or stimulating of
any part of the body with the hands or with the aid of any mechanical
or spa apparatus. This particular use shall only include licensed
physicians or members of the American Massage Therapist Association.

A voluntary negotiating process in which parties in a dispute
mutually select a neutral mediator to assist them in jointly exploring
and settling their differences, culminating in a written agreement
which the parties themselves create and consider acceptable.

A building, which primarily involves a health care use, where
patients are admitted for examination and treatment on an outpatient
basis by one or more physicians, dentists, psychologists, social workers
or other similar licensed professional, whereas the patients are not
typically lodged overnight or after normal office hours unless prescribed
by the licensed professional.

A public or private facility utilized for the treatment,
rehabilitation and training of outpatients to regain, develop or enhance
their physical skills, condition or stamina which have been lost or
impaired through injury or illness.

The multiple use of a single property for a planned group
of nonresidential uses, including retail operations, personal services,
offices, financial institutions, medical and dental clinics, restaurants,
taverns and similar planned uses as determined by the Zoning Officer,
where the uses are less than a cumulative total of 30,000 square feet
of gross floor area and are owned and maintained by an individual,
corporation, partnership or organization. All mini malls shall be
planned and designed as an integrated unit or converted as such, with
common off-street parking facilities and stormwater management facilities.

A parcel of land in a mobile home park improved with the
necessary utility connections and other appurtenances necessary for
the erection thereon of a single mobile home, which is leased by the
park owner to the occupants of the mobile home erected on the lot.

The improvement, upgrade or expansion or existing wireless
telecommunications facilities or base stations on an existing wireless
support structure or the improvement, upgrade or expansion of the
wireless telecommunication facilities located within an existing equipment
compound, if the improvement, upgrade, expansion or replacement does
not substantially change the physical dimensions of the wireless support
structure.

A building or group of attached or detached buildings containing
individual living or sleeping units designed for temporary use by
tourists or transients, each of which is provided with an independent
exterior entrance and off-street parking space. The term "motel" includes,
auto courts, motor courts, motor inns, motor lodges, roadside hotels
or similar accommodations.

A lot which does not meet with the minimum lot width or area
dimensions specified for the district where such lot is situated but
was lawfully in existence prior to the effective date of this chapter
or is legally established through the granting of a variance by the
Zoning Hearing Board.

A structure or building, or part thereof, which does not
meet the applicable provisions or requirements of the district in
which it is located, either at the time of enactment of this chapter
or as a result of subsequent amendments thereto, where such building
or structure lawfully existed prior to the enactment of such chapter
or amendment. Such nonconforming structures include, but are not limited
to, nonconforming signs.

A building, structure, sign or use of land which does not
conform to the applicable regulations of the district in which it
is located, either at the time of the enactment of this chapter or
as a result of subsequent amendments thereto, but which did not violate
any applicable use regulations prior to the enactment of such chapter
or amendments. However, no existing use shall be deemed nonconforming
solely because of the existence of less than the required off-street
parking spaces.

A use involving the raising of trees (for transplanting),
ornamental, shrubs, flowers or house plants for any commercial purpose.
All nursery/greenhouses that are designed and constructed to be 1,000
square feet or less shall be considered an accessory structure. All
nursery/greenhouses that are designed and constructed to exceed 1,000
square feet in size shall be considered a principal structure.

A building containing sleeping rooms used by persons who
are lodged and furnished with meals and are provided with needed support
services, including the availability of basic nursing care. Such a
facility may or may not include skilled nursing or medical care. This
definition shall be limited to facilities licensed by the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania as a nursing center or personal care center.

The possession of any structure, building, land area or water
body with the intent to remain for the purpose of residing, conducting
business or performing social, recreational, cultural, educational,
municipal, governmental, institutional, religious, charitable or similar
uses.

A use that primarily involves professional or nonprofit services
relating to, but not limited to, administrative, business, clerical,
financial, governmental, medical, municipal, political, religious
or similar office uses, as determined by the Zoning Officer.

The unoccupied space, land area or water body that is located
on the same lot with the principal use or development, which is open
to the sky and not occupied by buildings, structures, sidewalks, off-street
parking areas, access drives and/or other impervious areas.

A reasonably level space, available for the parking of one
motor vehicle, not less than 10 feet wide and having an area of not
less than 200 square feet exclusive of passageways or other means
of circulation or access.

— A permit issued
for a specific building, structure or land use, which indicates that
the proposed construction, alteration, development, reconstruction
or similar activities are in accordance with the appropriate construction
provisions of the Code, as adopted by Caln Township, and authorizes
an applicant to commence with the activities specified on the application
or the provisions of the permit.

— A permit
issued for a building, structure or land use, which indicates that
certain construction, alteration, reconstruction, development or similar
activities have been completed and inspected in accordance with the
appropriate provisions of the Code, as adopted by Caln Township, and
allows the applicant to occupy the building, structure or land area
in accordance with the provisions of the permit.

— A
permit issued for a specific building, structure or land use, which
indicates that the seasonal or temporary activities are in accordance
with the appropriate provisions of the Code, as adopted by Caln Township,
and authorizes an applicant to commence with the seasonal or temporary
activities for a defined period of time, not to exceed 60 cumulative
days within a calendar year and as specified on the permit.

— A permit issued
to nonprofit organizations for specific use and event on land owned
or leased by the applicant for a defined period of time, not to exceed
30 cumulative days within a calendar year and as specified on the
permit. Such permitted uses may include carnivals, circuses, bazaars,
fairs, seasonal sales or other nonprofit fund-raisers.

A facility owned and operated by a legal entity which possesses
the appropriate certifications and licenses issued by the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania for operating a personal care home at a defined location.
The facility shall be used to provide dwelling units, food, personal
assistance or supervision to adults of advanced age or otherwise who
do not require services at a licensed long-term care facility, but
who, because of their advanced age or other condition, require assistance
or supervision in matters such as dressing, bathing, diet, financial
management, emergency evacuation and/or taking medication prescribed
for self-administration.

A building or portion of a building in which the services
of a person permitted to practice a specified profession are offered
to the general public. Examples of such professions may include accountants,
agents, architects, barbers, beauticians, lawyers, optometrists, photographers,
tailors, therapeutic massage, electronic repair technicians or other
similar personal service establishments as determined by the Zoning
Officer.

A proposal for development, subdivision or land development,
including all covenants, grants or easements and other conditions
relating to use, location and bulk of buildings, density of development,
common open space and public facilities, which complies with the Caln
Township Code.

An existing planned residential community, which has been previously approved under previously recognized alternative zoning regulations such as traditional neighborhood development, planned residential development, mixed-use development or lot averaging, which have been terminated as viable alternatives for planned residential communities. These preexisting planned residential communities are further defined and regulated as part of the R-5 Zoning District, as established in the Caln Township Comprehensive Plan and under § 155-25 of this Code.

When used in connection with natural and historic resources,
shall include means to conserve and safeguard these resources from
wasteful or destructive use, but shall not be interpreted to authorize
the unreasonable restriction of forestry, mining or other lawful uses
of natural resources.

The main or primary purpose for which any land, structure
or building is designed, arranged or intended and for which they may
be occupied or maintained under the terms of this chapter. Only one
principal use shall be permitted on a lot.

All such areas, including: parks, playgrounds, trails, paths
and other recreational areas and other public areas; sites for schools,
sewage treatment, refuse disposal and other publicly owned or operated
facilities; and publicly owned or operated scenic and historic sites.

A formal meeting held pursuant to public notice by Caln Township,
the governing body or planning agency intended to inform and obtain
public comment prior to taking action in accordance with this Code
and the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code.

Notice published once each week for two successive weeks
in a newspaper of general circulation within Caln Township. Such notice
shall state the time and place of the hearing and the particular nature
of the matter to be considered at the hearing. The first publication
shall not be more than 30 days and the second publication shall not
be less than seven days from the date of the hearing.

The removal or extraction of minerals, rock, natural resources
or other products of earth, either on the surface or below the surface,
in accordance with the provisions of the Caln Township Code and Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania.

Land area containing recreation facilities, which may require
visitors or participants to become involved in quiet functions that
do not require physical or energetic functions. Passive recreation
areas may include, but not limited to, common open space, trails for
walking or bicycling, surface water for canoeing, rafting or fishing,
pavilions, picnic areas, cultural centers, scenic vistas and amphitheaters.

A vehicle of any size which is designed as a temporary dwelling
or living unit for travel, recreation and vacation uses. Recreation
vehicles may include motorized vehicles designed to be self-propelled
or nonmotorized vehicles designed to be towed or carried by another
vehicle, including campers, pickup coaches, travel trailer and similar
vehicles.

Land areas occupied by buildings, churches, synagogues, retreat centers, monasteries, seminaries, convents, shrines, cemeteries and other similar nonprofit facilities, as further defined under § 155-91D(3) of this chapter of the Code, which are primarily used for religious or spiritual worship.

Any method, process or substance whose supply is rejuvenated
through natural processes and, subject to those natural processes,
remains relatively constant, including, but not limited to, biomass
conversion, geothermal energy, solar energy, wind energy and hydroelectric
energy, and excluding those sources of energy used in the fission
and fusion processes.

A commercial use in which machinery, equipment and goods,
but not motor vehicles, are rented to customers for temporary use
pursuant to a short-term rental contract, including the sale of machinery,
equipment and goods as an accessory use. For the purposes of this
definition, "machinery" means equipment which requires a motor to
operate; "equipment" means any nonmotorized device permanently attached
to and movable on wheels; and "goods" means any other rental items.

A use within a permitted dwelling unit designed and utilized
as the living quarters for one or more families living independently
of each other. Residential uses may be permitted within single-family
detached units, single-family semidetached units, two-family attached
units, mobile homes, apartment units and townhouse units, provided
the type of dwelling unit is a permitted use within the zoning district
to which it is located, and provided that the dwelling unit complies
with the standards specified by this Code.

A facility or land that is used for any one or a combination
of the following or similar uses: composting, incineration, material
separation, recycling or trash transfer. A resource recovery facility
shall be owned and operated by Caln Township or a municipal authority
by and on behalf of Caln Township.

— A business
that accumulates material such as paper, glass, aluminum and/or plastic
that is no longer useful for its intended purpose. The materials are
then sold to another business as a raw material which can be used
to manufacture a new product.

— A facility
where municipal solid waste is delivered for the purpose of transferring
the material into another container or vehicles for transport to a
final disposal site or processing facility. (A transfer station may
include the separation and collection of material for the purpose
of recycling.)

A commercial establishment devoted to the sale and consumption
of food and beverages to patrons within an enclosed building while
the patrons are seated at counters, booths or tables. A restaurant
may contain an accessory area or use devoted to outdoor eating, retail
sales, social quarters, meeting rooms, bars, taprooms and similar
uses, provided the cumulative total area of the accessory use does
not exceed 30% of the gross floor area of the restaurant.

A restaurant devoted to the sale of food and beverages to
patrons either within an enclosed building, at a pickup counter, through
a drive-through service lane and/or through a delivery service. All
such facilities may offer their patrons the option to consume the
food and beverages either inside the restaurant or at an off-site
location.

The width or area of land which is dedicated or reserved
to accommodate streets, utilities, stormwater management facilities,
traffic control facilities, curbs, sidewalks, bicycle lanes, streetlights
and other public improvements.

A special overlay district established to provide provisions for land development, economic development, zoning alternatives, aesthetics and architectural appearance at each of the bypass interchanges, as further defined in § 155-46 of this Code.

— A sewage
disposal system which collects, conveys, treats and disposes of sewage
from more than one source by a system of pipes to a central treatment
and disposal plant, generally serving a neighborhood area.

— A
special or unique use of land, which because of its wastewater disposal
needs may have the option to utilize on-lot sewage disposal methods
or connect to a private, community, public or municipal treatment
system. The selected method for wastewater collection, conveyance
and treatment shall be consistent with the Caln Township Act 537 Plan.

An assemblage of permissible materials which are strategically
arranged so as to effectively block or obstruct the views between
adjacent or adjoining properties from ground level to a height of
six feet above grade level or as determined by the Zoning Officer.

An apartment building containing multiple residential dwelling
units for persons who are 55 years of age and older which qualifies
for the exemption to the prohibition against discrimination based
on familial status found in Section 3607(b)(1) of the United States
Fair Housing Act, 42 U.S.C. § 3607(b)(1), and the Housing
for Older Persons Act of 1995[4] and the regulations promulgated thereunder. The facility
may include accessory uses such as common kitchen facilities and dining
areas, activity and meeting rooms, storage areas, recreation and exercise
facilities, sundries store, administrative offices and/or a beauty/barber
shop solely for the use of the residents and their invitees.

The multiple use of a single property for a planned group
of nonresidential uses, including retail operations, personal services,
offices, financial institutions, medical and dental clinics, restaurants,
family entertainment centers, taverns, nightclubs and similar planned
uses, as determined by the Zoning Officer, where the uses exceed a
cumulative total of 30,000 gross square feet of floor area and are
owned and maintained by an individual, corporation, partnership or
organization. All shopping centers shall be planned and designed as
an integrated unit or converted as such with common off-street parking
facilities, stormwater management facilities and utility services.

A seasonal or occasional sale conducted on the sidewalk or
outside of the front or side of the principal building or establishment,
whereas, goods are offered for sale to the public, provided that all
such sales shall not exceed 60 cumulative days during the coarse of
a calendar year.

Any structure, building, wall or other outdoor surface, or
any device or part thereof, which displays or includes any letter,
word, model, banner, flag, pennant, insignia, device or other representations
utilized for announcement, direction, identification or advertisement.
The word "sign" includes the word "billboard," but does not include
the flag, pennant or insignia of any nation, state, city or other
political unit nor public traffic or directional signs.

— A promotional sign
for special community events, including educational, charitable, philanthropic,
civic, cultural, municipal, fraternal, religious or similar community
events, as determined by the Zoning Officer, whereas the promotional
sign or banner shall be considered as temporary for a period of time
not to exceed 30 cumulative days in a calendar year. All such signs
or banners shall be made of nylon, canvas or similar all-weather material.

— A nonilluminated
sign made of cloth, canvas, aluminum, metal, wood or similar materials
which is affixed to a building and projects outward, whereas the sign
or message is painted on, sewed, fastened or applied. All such signs
may or may not be fixed or equipped with a mechanism for raising or
holding the canopy or awning in a retracted position against the building.

— An
on-premises sign identifying the charitable or community service organization,
including religious facilities, volunteer fire companies or other
nonprofit organization. All such signs may include supplemental information
concerning hours, events, activities or messages.

— A type of sign
in which the illumination is not kept constant in intensity at all
times of use and which exhibits sudden, timed or marked changes in
lighting effects. Unless otherwise permitted by this chapter of the
Code, flashing signs shall be prohibited.

— An on-premises
sign displaying information pertaining to the existing use for which
it is located and is supported by or suspended from a freestanding
column or other support(s) located in or upon the ground surface.

— An on-premises
sign displaying information pertaining to the existing use for which
it is located and is placed upon, supported by and anchored to the
ground. A ground sign shall not be considered as a freestanding sign
or portable sign.

— A sign designed
to project or reflect artificial light from an internal or external
source, which may be directly or indirectly illuminated, or through
transparent or translucent material. Illuminated signs may include,
billboards, freestanding signs, ground signs or signs affixed to a
building or structure, as permitted under the provisions of this chapter
of the Code.

— A permitted
sign which directs attention to a business, commodity, service, entertainment,
institution or other permitted use which is offered on the same property
or tract of land where the sign is located.

— An on-premises
sign mounted upon a building so that its principal face is a right
angle or perpendicular to the wall of the building. All such projecting
signs shall extend at least one foot from the building but no more
than 12 feet from the building.

— An on-premises sign
which is erected or displayed upon the roof of a building or exceeds
the height of the building. Unless otherwise specified by this chapter
of the Code, a roof sign shall be prohibited.

— A
temporary sign anchored or mounted to the ground by a cylinder or
sleeve by which periodical advertisement of specials can be displayed
during certain segments of the year in accordance with the provisions
specified by this chapter of the Code.

— A
business sign erected and maintained only for a nonprofit organization
or entity organized to promote youth sports teams, advertising a business,
service, product or organization, restricted as to purpose and location
and conforming to the requirements of this Code.

— The area of a sign
shall be construed to include all lettering, wording, border trim
or framing and accompanying designs and symbols, together with the
background, whether open or enclosed, on which they are displayed,
but not including any supporting framework and bracing which are incidental
to the display itself. Where the sign consists of individual letters
or symbols attached to a surface, building, wall or window, the area
shall be determined by calculating the smallest rectangle which encompasses
all of the letters and symbols used for the sign regardless of the
actual shape created by the letters and symbols.

— The installation,
construction, placement, relocation, enlargement, alteration, attachment,
suspension, painting, posting or displaying of a sign, including the
replacement or substitution of face panels within a frame.

— An
on-premises sign posted on, suspended from or otherwise affixed to
the wall, facade or vertical surface of a building which does not
project or extend more than 12 inches from the wall, facade or vertical
surface of the building to which it is attached. A wall sign may partially
extend above the roofline by more than 20% of the sign height as measured
at the point where such sign is attached to the building.

Structural/architectural element that provides protection
from weather that includes awnings, canopies, porches or sunshades
and that is constructed with the primary covering consisting of solar
PV modules, and may or may not include additional solar PV related
equipment.

An electric generating facility whose main purpose is to
generate and supply electricity and consists of one or more solar
electric energy systems and other accessory structures and buildings,
including substations, electrical infrastructure, transmission lines
and other appurtenant structures and facilities. Such facilities shall
not include solar electric energy systems which are built as an accessory
use to supply energy for the principal use of the property.

A solar collection system consisting of one or more building
and/or ground mounted systems, solar photovoltaic cells, panels or
arrays and solar-related equipment that rely upon solar radiation
as an energy source for collection, inversion, storage and distribution
of solar energy for electricity generation. A solar PV system is a
generation system with a nameplate capacity of not greater than 50
kilowatts if installed at a residential service or not larger than
3,000 kilowatts at other customer service locations and do not produce
excess on-site energy greater than currently permitted by Pennsylvania
Public Utility Commission guidelines.

A use by which the Zoning Hearing Board may grant permission
to an applicant within a particular zoning district for the occupancy
or use of land or water for a specific purpose, as specified within
this chapter of the Code.

Overlay provisions established to consider special features,
land uses, buildings, zones or corridors. These provisions are intended
to supplement and enhance the existing underlying zoning district
regulations for specifically defined areas, including abandoned commercial
or industrial sites; public transportation zones; transportation corridors;
bypass interchanges; and historical sites.

A program of controls and measures designed to regulate the
quantity and quality of stormwater runoff from a defined area or development
while promoting the protection and conservation of surface water,
groundwater and groundwater recharge.

That portion of a building included between the upper surface
of a floor and the upper surface of the floor or roof next above,
including basements and mezzanines, and as further defined by the
appropriate building codes adopted by Caln Township.

A public or private right-of-way, excluding driveways, intended
as a means of vehicular and pedestrian travel, furnishing access to
abutting properties. The word "street" includes thoroughfare, avenue,
boulevard, court, drive, expressway, highway and similar terms. The
functional classification of all existing streets has been defined
in the Comprehensive Plan.

— Routes providing
for corridor movements that represent substantial statewide, interstate
or regional travel and movements between major urban areas. Expressways
contain the most heavily traveled routes (10,000 trips to 100,000
trips per day) and including multilane roadways. This system provides
links between developed areas and adjacent towns and cities. The system
is designed for relatively high speeds (50 miles per hour to 65 miles
per hour) with a minimum of interference to through traffic. Expressways
facilitate truck transport by providing optimum conditions. Mobility
is the principal function and accessibility should be limited to carefully
planned interchanges to preserve the functional classification of
expressways.

— Routes
providing for corridor movements that represent substantial statewide
or regional travel and movements between major urban areas. Arterial
routes contain heavily traveled routes (5,000 trips to 30,000 trips
per day), including multilane roadways. This system provides links
between developed areas and adjacent towns and cities. The system
is designed for relatively high speeds (30 miles per hour to 55 miles
per hour) with a minor interference to through traffic. Arterial routes
facilitate truck transport by providing favorable conditions. Mobility
is the major function and accessibility should be limited to preserve
the functional classification of arterials roads.

— Routes
that serve primarily regional or intra-county trips and represents
those routes with shorter travel distances than arterial routes. Collector
roads contain well-traveled roads (500 trips to 10,000 trips per day)
leading to specific destinations or to expressways and arterial routes.
The system is designed for moderate speeds (25 miles per hour to 45
miles per hour) with some interference with designed intersections
to permit through traffic. Depending upon its structural integrity
and design, collector routes can facilitate lightweight truck transport.
Mobility is a significant function and accessibility should be limited
to street intersections and driveways in order to preserve the functional
classification of collector roads.

— Roads
that primarily serve local trips and represents those routes with
shorter travel distances than collector routes. Local roads contain
low volume to moderately traveled roads (less than 500 trips per day)
leading to collector and arterial routes. The system is designed for
lower speeds (20 miles per hour to 35 miles per hour) with interference
with a number of designed intersections. Local roads are typically
designed to facilitate lightweight truck transport for local deliveries.
Mobility is a minor function and accessibility to street intersections,
driveways and adjacent land areas is significant for local roads.

— Roads
that serve specific land uses which are parallel or adjacent to an
expressway, arterial or major collector roads. Marginal access roads
are typically designed to accommodate the use(s) they directly serve.
Accessibility between selective points is an essential design element
with control at the point of destination. Many marginal access roads
are privately owned and maintained.

The dividing line between a lot and the outside boundary
of a public street, road or highway right-of-way legally open or officially
mapped by a municipality or higher governmental authority between
a lot and the outside boundary of a street shown on a recorded subdivision
or land development plan or between a lot and a private street or
road over which the owners or tenants of one or more lots held in
single and separate ownership have a right-of-way.

Any man-made object having an ascertainable stationary location
on in land or water, whether or not affixed to the land. The term
“structure” shall include, but not limited to, buildings,
signs, fences, walls, towers, swimming pools, porches, garages, flagpoles,
windmills, water towers, silos, solar energy collectors and similar
structures.

The division or redivision of a lot, tract or parcel of land
by any means into two or more lots, tracts, parcels or other divisions
of land, including changes in existing lot lines for the purpose,
whether immediate or future, of lease, partition by the court for
distribution to heirs or devisees, transfer of ownership or building
or lot development. The subdivision by lease of land for agricultural
purposes into parcels of more than 10 acres, not involving any new
street or easement of access or any residential dwelling, shall be
exempted.

Any increase in the height of the wireless support structure
by more than 10%, or by the height of one additional antenna array
with separation from the nearest existing antenna not to exceed 20
feet, whichever is greater, except that the mounting of the proposed
wireless telecommunications facility may exceed the size limits set
forth in this definition if necessary to avoid interference with existing
antennas.

Any repair, addition, reconstruction, rehabilitation or other
improvement to a structure whereby the cost of such improvement equals
or exceeds 50% of the market value of the structure before the improvements
occurred.

The extraction of minerals, rock and other products of the
earth by activities conducted upon the surface of the land which require
the removal of the overburden, strata or material overlying, above
or between the minerals, rock and other products of the earth, or
by otherwise exposing and retrieving the minerals from the surface.
Mining activities carried out beneath the surface by means of shafts,
tunnels or other underground mine openings are not included in this
definition.

Any structure intended for swimming or recreational
bathing that contains water over 24 inches deep, including in-ground
swimming pools, aboveground swimming pools, on-ground swimming pools,
hot tubs and similar structures, which are further defined and regulated
within the Caln Township Code.

A structure, building, tower, antenna and other types of
facilities utilized as primary or accessory uses for telecommunications.
The following subdefinitions of telecommunications facilities are
provided as follows:

RCIAL COMMUNICATIONS ANTENNA SUPPORT STRUCTURE
or TOWER — Any monopole or lattice structure designed
and intended to be used for the support and attachment of one or more
commercial communications antennas, appurtenant communications equipment
or similar devices.

— The
vertical distance as measured from the base of the commercial communications
antenna support structure at the undisturbed grade to the top of the
highest point of the structure. If a commercial communications antenna
support structure is located on a sloped grade, the average grade
between the highest and lowest elevations on either side of the support
structure shall be utilized to calculate the height.

— A low-power mobile
radio service telecommunications facility used to provide increased
capacity in high-call demand areas or to improve coverage in areas
of weak coverage. Microcells communicate with the primary low-power
mobile radio service facility in a coverage area via fiber optic cable
or microwave. Coverage area for a microcell is typically a one-mile
radius or less.

— A
building or cabinet in which electronic receiving, relay or transmitting
equipment for a wireless communications facility is housed. The equipment
building shall be considered as a component of the commercial communications
facility.

— The
commercial communications antenna(s), commercial communications antenna
support structure, wireless communications equipment building, if
any, parking and/or other structures and equipment involved in receiving
or transmitting wireless communications or radio signals. A wireless
communications facility shall also be considered as a commercial communications
facility.

The science or technology of communications by electronic
transmission of impulses as by telegraph, cable, cellular, telephone,
radio, television, microwave, earth station broadcast/cable television
communications and other similar technology not otherwise enumerated
and as may evolve after enactment of this chapter.

A legal method of applying pressure on, friction against
or stroking, kneading, rubbing, tapping, pounding, vibrating or stimulating
of any part of the body with the hands or with the aid of any mechanical
or spa apparatus.

A special overlay district established to provide unique provisions for transit-orientated land development activity, economic development, zoning alternatives, aesthetics, and architectural appearance within close proximity to the Thorndale Station, as further defined and regulated under § 155-44 of this Code.

The specific purpose for which land, a sign, structure or
building is designed, arranged or intended, or for which it may be
occupied or maintained, or any activity, occupation, business or operation
which may be carried on thereon or therein. The term "permitted use"
or its equivalent shall not be deemed to include any nonconforming
use.

A service, facility, apparatus or use which provides electric,
telephone, cable, sewer, water, natural gas and similar utility services
to customers within a defined service area, grid, neighborhood region
or municipality.

— A utility
which is owned, operated or maintained by a public utility provider,
municipality, municipal authority, homeowners' association or private
agency for the purposes of providing sanitary sewage disposal, water
supply, energy, telephone or other utility services within a defined
service area.

— A utility
which is owned, operated or maintained by a private or independent
utility provider for the purposes of providing sanitary sewage disposal,
water supply, energy, telephone or other utility services within a
defined service area.

— A utility which
is owned, operated or maintained by a public utility provider for
the purposes of providing sanitary sewage disposal, water supply,
energy, telephone or other utility services within a defined service
area.

Relief granted by the Zoning Hearing Board from the terms
and conditions of this chapter where literal enforcement would create
unnecessary hardship and when granting of the relief would not be
contrary to the public interest.

A professional use operated by a doctor of veterinary medicine
used for the diagnosis, care and treatment of small domesticated animals,
including dogs, cats, reptiles and birds, which may include the provision
for a medical laboratory, operating theater and overnight boarding
accommodations.

A use which provides facilities or locations where persons
assemble for the purpose of any activity involving lawful gambling
or wagering, including, but not limited to, bingo, games of chance,
thoroughbred racing, harness racing or other lawful activities, games
and devices at which money or other valuable items may be played for,
stacked or betted upon in accordance with certain rules and regulations,
whereas, a reward, win or loss may occur as a result of the activity.
All such wagering or gambling establishments shall comply with all
pertinent operational requirements and laws of Caln Township and the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

A building or group of buildings primarily utilized for storage,
transfer, loading and unloading of certain products or commodities,
but shall not include retail uses or trucking establishment, unless
such use is specifically permitted in that district.

A material whose original purpose has been completed and
which is directed to a disposal or processing facility or is otherwise
disposed. The term “waste” shall also include and apply
to waste considered as either hazardous, contaminated, toxic, residual,
municipal or recyclable, as defined by the PA DEP and/or the Environmental
Protection Agency.

— Any garbage,
refuse, sludge and/or discarded materials, including, but not limited
to, solid, liquid, semisolid, gaseous and biological materials resulting
from municipal, agricultural, residential, commercial, industrial
and institutional uses, which because of its quantity, concentration,
physical, chemical or infectious characteristics may cause a threat
to the health, safety or general welfare of the community.

— A
temporary water supply system which transmits from a common source
to more than one dwelling, principal use and/or lot within a single
neighborhood. A community water supply system may be permitted on
a temporary basis for developments which are to be permanently serviced
by a public water supply system.

— A
special or unique use of land which, because of its water supply needs,
may have the option to utilize on-lot water supply methods or connect
to a private, community, public or municipal water supply system.
The selected method for water supply shall be consistent with the
Caln Township Act 537 Plan.

Those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or
groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and
that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation
typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands
generally include swamps, marshes, bogs and similar areas. The major
characteristics of wetlands include vegetation, soil and hydrology.

An area of land in which one or more contiguous acres are
mostly occupied or covered by mature trees (six inches in caliper).
The area of the woodlands shall be measured from the dripline of the
outer trees.

An open space on the same lot with a structure (or a group
of structures) which lies between the structure (or a group of structures)
and a lot line and which is unoccupied and unobstructed from the ground
upward except as herein permitted.

— A yard extending
the full width of the lot between a structure and the front lot line.
On lots abutting more than one public street other than an alley,
the front yard requirement shall apply fronting each public street.

Division of all of the land of an entire political subdivision
into districts having different regulations pertaining to use of land;
height, area, bulk and use of buildings; yard requirements; and in
some states density of population. Zoning is affected by local ordinance
under the police power of the state granted by specific legislation
generally termed an "enabling act."