Escaping self-absorption, experiencing the potential of training and culture, opening up new paths around the world, these could be among the precepts of one of the most successful lines of the renewal movement that emerged from the great Spanish crisis of the late nineteenth century. Some of the results are well known, in particular scholarships for foreign study, most notably those managed by the JAE after 1907. This book deals with this subject in the field of training and the development of applied science. Indeed, as of that year similar initiatives took shape in the form of scholarships for engineers to continue their education and bursaries for manual workers from factories, workshops and national farms to receive training in new techniques and empirical procedures. Soon afterwards, the task of organising them was entrusted to an independent government agency, the Board of Trustees for Bursaries for Engineers and Workers Abroad (JPIOE), which continued its work uninterrupted, although under different names, until after the civil war. This work builds on this basic structure to explore a wide range of issues that are inseparable from it.