(Joh 1:10 CJB) He was in the world — the world came to be through him — yet the world did not know him.

(1Co 8:6 CJB) yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom all things come and for whom we exist; and one Lord, Yeshua the Messiah, through whom were created all things and through whom we have our being.

(Eph 3:9 CJB) and of letting everyone see how this secret plan is going to work out. This plan, kept hidden for ages by God, the Creator of everything,

(Col 1:12 CJB) giving thanks to the Father for having made you fit to share in the inheritance of his people in the light.

(Col 1:13 CJB) He has rescued us from the domain of darkness and transferred us into the Kingdom of his dear Son.

(Col 1:14 CJB) It is through his Son that we have redemption — that is, our sins have been forgiven.

(Col 1:15 CJB) He is the visible image of the invisible God. He is supreme over all creation,

(Col 1:16 CJB) because in connection with him were created all things — in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones, lordships, rulers or authorities — they have all been created through him and for him.

(Col 1:17 CJB) He existed before all things, and he holds everything together.

(Heb 1:8 CJB) but to the Son, he says, “Your throne, O God, will last forever and ever; you rule your Kingdom with a scepter of equity;

(Heb 1:9 CJB) you have loved righteousness and hated wickedness. Therefore, O God, your God has anointed you with the oil of joy in preference to your companions”;

(Heb 1:10 CJB) and, “In the beginning, Adonai, you laid the foundations of the earth; heaven is the work of your hands.

(Heb 1:11 CJB) They will vanish, but you will remain; like clothing, they will all grow old;

(Heb 1:12 CJB) and you will fold them up like a coat. Yes, they will be changed like clothing, but you remain the same, your years will never end.”

(Rev 4:8 CJB) Each of the four living beings had six wings and was covered with eyes inside and out; and day and night they never stop saying, “Holy, holy, holy is Adonai, God of heaven’s armies the One who was, who is and who is coming!”

(Rev 4:9 CJB) And whenever the living beings give glory, honor and thanks to the One sitting on the throne, to the One who lives forever and ever,

(Rev 4:10 CJB) the twenty-four elders fall down before the One sitting on the throne, who lives forever and ever, and worship him. They throw their crowns in front of the throne and say,

(Rev 4:11 CJB) “You are worthy, Adonai Eloheinu, to have glory, honor and power, because you created all things — yes, because of your will they were created and came into being!”

(Rev 10:6 CJB) and swore by the One who lives forever and ever, who created heaven and what is in it, earth and what is in it, and the sea and what is in it: “There will be no more delay;

(Rev 14:6 CJB) Next I saw another angel flying in mid-heaven with everlasting Good News to proclaim to those living on the earth — to every nation, tribe, language and people.

(Rev 14:7 CJB) In a loud voice he said, “Fear God, give him glory, for the hour has come when he will pass judgment! Worship the One who made heaven and earth, the sea and the springs of water!”

(Rev 21:5 CJB) Then the One sitting on the throne said, “Look! I am making everything new!” Also he said, “Write, ‘These words are true and trustworthy!’ “

(Rev 21:6 CJB) And he said to me, “It is done! I am the ‘A’ and the ‘Z,’ the Beginning and the End. To anyone who is thirsty I myself will give water free of charge from the Fountain of Life.

(Rev 21:7 CJB) He who wins the victory will receive these things, and I will be his God, and he will be my son.

(Rev 22:3 CJB) no longer will there be any curses. The throne of God and of the Lamb will be in the city, and his servants will worship him;

Yeshua Is Creator

Jewish New Testament Commentary

(Joh 1:10 CJB) He was in the world — the world came to be through him — yet the world did not know him.

(1Co 8:6 CJB) yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom all things come and for whom we exist; and one Lord, Yeshua the Messiah, through whom were created all things and through whom we have our being.

(JNTC) 1Co 8:6

One God, the Father, as the Tanakh teaches. The New Testament does not teach that there is more than one God, nor does it teach that the one God is Yeshua the Son. From whom all things come and for whom we exist. The Father is the final source and final goal (Rom_11:36); at the close of history even Yeshua becomes subject to the Father (1Co_15:28).

One Lord. Greek kurios; see Mat_1:20Mat_7:21. Here “kurios” cannot mean “Adonai” or YHVH (the personal name of God); it must mean “Adon,” Hebrew for “Lord,” not a name but a title of God bespeaking the fact that everyone owes him allegiance and obedience. The assertion that the Lord is Yeshua the Messiah means that the allegiance and obedience owed to God are also owed to Yeshua. Why? Because through him were created all things, for Yeshua is the Word who “became a human being” (Joh_1:14), the same Word as when “God said” the things by which the universe was created (Gen_1:3-31); and also because Yeshua is he through whom we have our being-from which we learn that God the Father exercises his function as maintainer and provider by continuing to speak our existence through him, the living and ongoing Word. Compare Rom_11:36, Col_1:15-19.

(Eph 3:9 CJB) and of letting everyone see how this secret plan is going to work out. This plan, kept hidden for ages by God, the Creator of everything,

(Col 1:12 CJB) giving thanks to the Father for having made you fit to share in the inheritance of his people in the light.

(JNTC) Col 1:12

People in the light. See Eph_5:8.

(Col 1:13 CJB) He has rescued us from the domain of darkness and transferred us into the Kingdom of his dear Son.

(JNTC) Col 1:13-23

Starting with the phrase, “the Kingdom of his dear Son,” Sha’ul draws an exalted and multifaceted portrait of Yeshua the Messiah, in many ways comparable with the description of God found in the Jewish hymn, Adon-‘Olam, attributed to the 11th-century poet Shlomo Ibn-Gvirol and sung (to any of 1,500 melodies) in most synagogue services:

“He is Lord of the universe, who reigned

Before anything had been created.

At the time when everything was made by his will,

Already then he was acknowledged as King.

“And after everything has ceased to be,

He alone, awesome, will still rule-

He who was, is, and will be

Glorious forever.

“He is One: there is no other

To compare with him, to place beside him-

Without beginning, without end;

Power and dominion are his.

“And he is my God-my Redeemer lives!-

The Rock of my suffering in time of trouble,

A banner guiding my way, a retreat when I flee,

The portion in my cup on the day I call.

“Into his hands I commit my spirit

When I sleep and when I wake-

And if my spirit, then also my body when I die:

Adonai is mine, and I will not fear.”

The above hymn moves from God as transcendent and eternal Creator and Ruler to God as personal Guide and Protector. The present passage moves from Yeshua as eternal Creator and Ruler to Yeshua as Head of the Messianic Community and Reconciler of persons.

(Col 1:14 CJB) It is through his Son that we have redemption — that is, our sins have been forgiven.

(JNTC) Col 1:14

Although in Jewish understanding redemption (see Eph_1:7) has a national dimension dating from the Exodus and extending to the Messianic Age, it also has an application to the individual defined by this verse. By implication the individual was enslaved to sin (compare Rom_6:16-23) but now has been redeemed from that slavery: our sins have been forgiven. This redemption is available from God but only through his Son Yeshua.

(Col 1:15 CJB) He is the visible image of the invisible God. He is supreme over all creation,

(JNTC) Col 1:15

Yeshua, like Adam, is the visible image of the invisible God (Gen_1:26-27, “Let us create man in our image.”) See Rom_5:12-21 and 1Co_15:44-49 for a more explicit comparison of Yeshua, “the last Adam,” with the first one.

Such comparisons are not unknown in Judaism. A fourteenth-century midrash by Rabbi David ben-Amram of Aden says,

“There were twenty-four good qualities in the world, but sins caused them all to disappear. In the future, at the End of Days, the Holy One, blessed be He, will restore them to Israel. And they are: the Image… ” [and 23 others]. (Midrash HaGadol B’reshit, pp. 135-136; it can be found in Raphael Patai, The Messiah Texts, p. 263)

A note in The Messiah Texts explains that “the Image” refers to Gen_1:26. Also compare 1Co_15:49, 2Co_4:4, Heb_1:3.

Supreme over all creation, Greek protôtokos paseês ktiseoôs, alternatively and more literally, “firstborn of all creation.” Col_1:16-17 name three ways in which God is “supreme” and attribute them to Yeshua the Messiah; this is typical of how the New Testament shows the divine aspect of Yeshua’s nature while avoiding the direct statement, “Yeshua is God” (see Col_2:9).

The Messiah is the firstborn of a new humanity through being the first to be resurrected from the dead; this is clearly the sense of “protôtokos” in Col_1:18. But this sense does not fit here because of what follows in Col_1:16-17, even though it is consistent with the preceding allusion to Adam.

If one chooses “firstborn of” instead of “supreme over,” the phrase, “firstborn of all creation,” does not mean that Yeshua was the first created being but speaks of his eternal sonship. Yeshua’s firstbornness does not merely antedate the creation of the material world but is an essential and eternal element of the inner nature of God. Timelessly and eternally the Word of God, who became flesh in Yeshua the Messiah (Joh_1:1, Joh_1:14) is in the relationship of firstborn Son to the Father; this is a necessary part of the one God’s description of himself.

Col_1:15-20 are largely equivalent to Heb_1:2-3 : The Word is God’s

“Son, to whom he has given ownership of everything and through whom he created the universe. This Son is the radiance of the Sh’khinah, the very expression of God’s essence, upholding all that exists by his powerful word; and after he had, through himself, made purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of HaG’dulah BaM’romim [“the Greatness on High”].”

(Col 1:16 CJB) because in connection with him were created all things — in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones, lordships, rulers or authorities — they have all been created through him and for him.

(Col 1:17 CJB) He existed before all things, and he holds everything together.

(JNTC) Col 1:17

He existed before all things, or: “He is over all things,” and he holds everything together-the moment-to-moment existence of the physical and moral universe depend directly on his continuing oversight and providence.

(Heb 1:8 CJB) but to the Son, he says, “Your throne, O God, will last forever and ever; you rule your Kingdom with a scepter of equity;

(JNTC) Heb 1:8-9

Psalm 45 is a wedding poem for David, Solomon or some other Israelite king. A Jewish commentator writes:

“This Psalm came to be understood as referring to King Messiah (so the Targum), and his marriage as an allusion to his redemption of Israel” (A. Cohen’s note to Psalm 45 in the Soncino Hebrew-and-English edition of the Hebrew Bible, Psalms, p. 140).

“The Hebrew is difficult. A.V. and R.V., ‘Thy throne, O God,’ appears to be the obvious translation but does not suit the context.”

Clearly the reason he thinks it “does not suit the context” is that even though he refers Psalm 45 to the Messiah, he is unwilling to allow that the psalmist may be prophesying the Messiah’s divine character.

You rule your Kingdom with a scepter of equity; you have loved righteousness. The same idea is found in two psalms mentioned already: “Righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne” (Psa_89:15, Psa_97:2), as well as in the Messianic passage, Isa_9:5-6 (Isa_9:6-7): “to establish [the government on the Messiah’s shoulder] with justice and righteousness, from henceforth for ever” (see Luk_1:79).

The Messiah’s companions (or: “partakers”) are not angels (that would contradict the whole purpose of the quotation) but human beings who have put their trust in him (see Heb_2:10-11, Heb_3:14; Rom_8:17, Rom_8:29). Alternatively, his companions are all human beings and not just the believers (see Heb_2:14-17).

(Heb 1:9 CJB) you have loved righteousness and hated wickedness. Therefore, O God, your God has anointed you with the oil of joy in preference to your companions”;

(Heb 1:10 CJB) and, “In the beginning, Adonai, you laid the foundations of the earth; heaven is the work of your hands.

(JNTC) Heb 1:10-12

In the Septuagint version, quoted here, these verses of Psalm 102 are spoken by God to someone whom he addresses as “Lord,” possibly even meaning “YHVH” (Mat_1:20). In the Hebrew Bible as we have it now they are part of a human prayer to God, and no one is addressed directly.

(Heb 1:11 CJB) They will vanish, but you will remain; like clothing, they will all grow old;

(Heb 1:12 CJB) and you will fold them up like a coat. Yes, they will be changed like clothing, but you remain the same, your years will never end.”

(Rev 4:8 CJB) Each of the four living beings had six wings and was covered with eyes inside and out; and day and night they never stop saying, “Holy, holy, holy is Adonai, God of heaven’s armies the One who was, who is and who is coming!”

(JNTC) Rev 4:8

See Rev_1:4, Rev_1:8.

(Rev 4:9 CJB) And whenever the living beings give glory, honor and thanks to the One sitting on the throne, to the One who lives forever and ever,

(Rev 4:10 CJB) the twenty-four elders fall down before the One sitting on the throne, who lives forever and ever, and worship him. They throw their crowns in front of the throne and say,

(Rev 4:11 CJB) “You are worthy, Adonai Eloheinu, to have glory, honor and power, because you created all things — yes, because of your will they were created and came into being!”

(JNTC) Rev 4:11

This wonderful New Testament Hallel (“doxology,” “expression of praise”) is the first of several in the book of Revelation; others are found at 5:9-10, 12, 13; 7:10, 12; 11:15, 17-18; 12:10-12; 14:7, 8; 15:3-4; 16:5-6, 7; 19:1-2, 5, 6-8. See also Rom_11:33-36; 1Ti_1:17, 1Ti_3:16; Jud_1:24-25; and in the Tanakh, of course, the whole book of Psalms.

(Rev 10:6 CJB) and swore by the One who lives forever and ever, who created heaven and what is in it, earth and what is in it, and the sea and what is in it: “There will be no more delay;

(JNTC) Rev 10:6

No more delay. Compare Rom_9:28, 2Pe_3:9.

(Rev 14:6 CJB) Next I saw another angel flying in mid-heaven with everlasting Good News to proclaim to those living on the earth — to every nation, tribe, language and people.

(JNTC Rev 14:6-13

The three angels exhort God’s people to remain faithful (Rev_14:6-7, Rev_14:12; compare Rev_13:9, Rev_13:10), so as to avoid the judgment against Babylon the Great (Rev_14:8-11, Rev_14:8). They must persevere, observe God’s mitzvot and exercise Yeshua’s faithfulness (Rev_14:12), the same faithfulness Yeshua had (see Rom_3:22, Gal_2:16). Note that works and faith go hand in hand (Rom_3:27-28, Eph_2:8-10, Jas_2:14-26), and that the works of the righteous go with them for reward (Rev_14:13; compare Rom_2:6-16, 1Co_3:8-15). Rev_14:13 is a reassurance when any believer dies.

(JNTC) Rev 14:6-7

The Good News of Rev_14:6is what the angel says in Rev_14:7. It is not the whole of the Gospel but the aspect relevant here.

(Rev 14:7 CJB) In a loud voice he said, “Fear God, give him glory, for the hour has come when he will pass judgment! Worship the One who made heaven and earth, the sea and the springs of water!”

(Rev 21:5 CJB) Then the One sitting on the throne said, “Look! I am making everything new!” Also he said, “Write, ‘These words are true and trustworthy!’ “

(Rev 21:6 CJB) And he said to me, “It is done! I am the ‘A’ and the ‘Z,’ the Beginning and the End. To anyone who is thirsty I myself will give water free of charge from the Fountain of Life.

(JNTC) Rev 21:6

I am the “A” and the “Z” (Aleph and the Tav), the Beginning and the End, here and at 22:13. See Rev_1:8 and the last paragraph of Rev_20:11-15. Compare Rom_11:36.

Beginning, Greek archê, “beginning, ruler, initiator, beginner,” that is, he who stands above and beyond time, who created and rules everything (see Rev_3:14).

To anyone who is thirsty I myself will give water free of charge from the Fountain of Life. Thirst represents spiritual need, water spiritual satisfaction. Compare Psa_36:9 (“For with you is the fountain of life”); Pro_13:14 (“The teaching of the wise is a fountain of life”), Rev_14:27 (“The fear of Adonai is a fountain of life”); Mat_5:6, Mat_10:42; Joh_4:5-14, Joh_7:37-39; and especially Rev_7:17; Rev_22:1, Rev_22:17.

(Rev 21:7 CJB) He who wins the victory will receive these things, and I will be his God, and he will be my son.

(JNTC) Rev 21:7

He who wins the victory. The phrase occurs seven times in chapters 2-3; see Rev_2:7, Rev_3:21. “They defeated him,” won the victory over the dragon, “because of the Lamb’s blood and because of the message of their witness” (Rev_12:11).

(Rev 22:3 CJB) no longer will there be any curses. The throne of God and of the Lamb will be in the city, and his servants will worship him;

(JNTC) Rev 22:3-5

The central theme of existence in the redeemed world will be worship of God and of the Lamb Yeshua the Messiah, who share the throne. His servants will be fully focused and completely satisfied when they worship him (which is not always the case today!), because (1) having unimpeded fellowship with God, they will see his face, and (2) his name will be on their foreheads, meaning that God will have made them fully his own (see also Rev_7:2-3Rev_13:16-17Rev_14:1Rev_17:5). Night, with its darkness symbolizing God’s absence (Joh_1:5-9, Joh_3:19-21; 1Jn_1:5-7, 1Jn_2:7-11), will no longer exist,… becauseAdonai, God, will shine upon them. Moreover, the physical and the spiritual will be intimately interconnected, since God’s immediate presence will make them need neither the light of a lamp nor the light of the sun. And, as promised at 3:21 and 1Co_6:2-3, they will reign over the universe with the Messiah and with God as kings forever and ever.

Yeshua is Creator

Treasury Spiritual Knowledge commentary e-sword

(Joh 1:10 CJB) He was in the world — the world came to be through him — yet the world did not know him.

and the world was: See note on Joh_1:3. Jer_10:11-12; Heb_1:2, Heb_11:3

knew:Joh_1:5, Joh_17:25; Mat_11:27; 1Co_1:21, 1Co_2:8; 1Jo_3:1

(1Co 8:6 CJB) yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom all things come and for whom we exist; and one Lord, Yeshua the Messiah, through whom were created all things and through whom we have our being.

(Col 1:16 CJB) because in connection with him were created all things — in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones, lordships, rulers or authorities — they have all been created through him and for him.

(Heb 1:12 CJB) and you will fold them up like a coat. Yes, they will be changed like clothing, but you remain the same, your years will never end.”

(TSK)

Heb 1:12

but:Heb_13:8; Exo_3:14; Joh_8:58; Jam_1:17

and thy:Psa_90:4

(Rev 4:8 CJB) Each of the four living beings had six wings and was covered with eyes inside and out; and day and night they never stop saying, “Holy, holy, holy is Adonai, God of heaven’s armies the One who was, who is and who is coming!”