A small group of protestors camp out beside the FCC building and call for the agency to reregulate broadband

A small band of net neutrality advocates who have pitched their tents beside the U.S. Federal Communications Commission hope that their on-the-ground activism can counterbalance well-funded lobbying efforts by large broadband providers.

The group of protestors, which had grown from two on May 7 to about 15 Tuesday night, is calling on the FCC to regulate broadband as a common-carrier, utility-style service, as an alternative to FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler's recent proposal for net neutrality rules that allow broadband carriers to engage in "commercially reasonable" traffic management.

The "Occupy the FCC" protestors, in advocating for the FCC to regulate broadband in the same way as it treats traditional telecom services, are swimming upstream against several large broadband providers and dozens of members of Congress. The FCC is scheduled Thursday to vote on whether to officially release Wheeler's proposal and open it up to public comment, and Wheeler met with the small group Wednesday morning.

By reclassifying broadband as a common-carrier telecom service, the "FCC has greater ability to regulate in the public interest," said Margaret Flowers of nearby Baltimore, an activist with PopularResistance.org who has been camping out at the FCC for a week. "We don't want to see any backroom deals cut with the telecom giants to undercut the public interest."

While Wheeler seemed to still favor his net neutrality proposal during the meeting, protestors said they believe they're having an impact on the FCC. Three of the commission's five members have talked with the protestors since last Friday.

"What we've been trying to convey to the commission is that this is an issue that, obviously, people really care about," Flowers said. "If [reclassifying broadband] isn't something the FCC moves toward, we see a real opportunity for a much stronger grassroots response. I think we're going to see this groundswell growing during the summer."

Momentum toward reclassifying broadband seems to be growing, added Kevin Huang, campaign manager with Fight for the Future, who came from San Francisco to join the encampment.

Even though the FCC and Congress have been debating net neutrality rules for years, a January decision to throw out old FCC net neutrality rules by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia seems to have sparked greater public activism on net neutrality, Flowers said.

The court ruling seems to suggest that, "unless Wheeler reclassifies the Internet, he's going to have to allow Internet giants to be able to have fast lanes and slow lanes," she added.

Wheeler's approach to enforce net neutrality rules on a case-by-case basis without reclassifying broadband is "only temporary," and would be subject to changes by future FCC chairmen, Huang said.

"It's only going to end up being a Band-Aid to a very long-term problem," he added. "As long as it's not a permanent fix, and it's just a Band-Aid, it can be easily peeled off."

Last week, callers commenting on net neutrality rules overwhelmed the FCC's phone lines, with the agency asking the public to send email messages instead.

On Thursday morning, before the FCC's 10:30 a.m. meeting, Free Press, Public Knowledge, Reddit and other groups calling for the agency to reclassify broadband are planning an additional protest outside the FCC building. The organizers said they expect hundreds of protestors at the event.

As the protestors continued their vigil at the FCC, broadband providers called on the FCC to reject calls to reclassify broadband as a common-carrier service.

Reclassifying broadband would be "immensely destabilizing," Rick Chessen, senior vice president for law and regulatory policy at the National Cable and Telecommunications Association, wrote in a letter to the FCC Wednesday. "Any effort to subject broadband Internet access services to common carrier regulation would do far more harm than good, as such a heavy-handed framework would discourage network investment necessary to fuel the 'virtuous cycle' of deployment, innovation, and adoption that the commission has long sought to promote."

The FCC has never regulated cable broadband providers as common carriers, Chessen added.

USTelecom, another trade group, raised similar concerns in its own letter to the FCC, with CEO Walter McCormick Jr. repeating concerns that reclassification would lead to smaller investments in broadband deployment.

"Nothing could be more antithetical to the [Obama] administration's and the commission's interests in broadband investment and deployment, job creation, and economic growth," he wrote.

Grant Gross covers technology and telecom policy in the U.S. government for The IDG News Service. Follow Grant on Twitter at GrantGross. Grant's email address is grant_gross@idg.com.