Konflik Etnis

Konflik etnis-Afganistan
[pic][pic][pic][pic]Ethnic differences are strongest when other significant differences—religious, ideological, economic, geographic, linguistic—reinforce distinctions between one ethnic group and another. Perbedaan etnik yang kuat ketika lainnya signifikan perbedaan agama, ideologis, ekonomi, geografis, linguistik-memperkuat distinctions antara satu suku dan lainnya. Although Afghanistan is a complex country in terms of ethnic composition, the importance of ethnicity in explaining conflict has varied significantly throughout its history. Meskipun Afganistan adalah negara yang rumit dalam hal komposisi etnis, pentingnya dalam menjelaskan konflik etnis yang berbeda-beda signifikan sepanjang sejarah. In the original state named Afghanistan, dating back to 1747, the Pashtun ethnic group constituted an overwhelming majority. Di negara bernama Afghanistan, dating kembali ke 1747, yang dilantik Pashtun suku besar yang mayoritas. Until the late nineteenth century, Afghanistan was a fragile confederation of Pashtun tribes, and the word "Afghan" was used as a synonym for Pashtun. Hingga akhir abad kesembilanbelas, Afganistan adalah rapuh konfederasi dari suku Pashtun, dan kata "Afghan" digunakan sebagai sinonim untuk Pashtun. As part of a nation-building project early in the twentieth century, it increasingly came to imply "citizen of Afghanistan." Sebagai bagian dari bangsa-proyek pembangunan di awal abad kedua puluh, ia datang untuk semakin menyiratkan "warga Afganistan." The borders of the territory that now form Afghanistan were established toward the end of the nineteenth century, when the British and Russian empires were competing for control of the region. Dengan batas-batas wilayah yang sekarang formulir Afganistan didirikan menuju akhir abad kesembilanbelas, ketika Inggris dan Rusia telah Empires bersaing untuk kontrol daerah. The Pashtun population was split, one part living in British India and the Pashtun majority in Afghanistan...