The Fractional Electrodeionization (FEDI) process is an advancement of conventional EDI. The patented dual voltage process allows for a higher flexibility and tolerance to inlet water conditions, thus lowering the risk of scaling, and improving the plant& design economics and reliability. By incorporating a two-stage separation process with different voltages the FEDI process is able to: Achieve a higher hardness tolerance by having distinctly different concentrate chambers with separate reject streams and thus...

The mining industry has the potential to use large amounts of wastewater in its operations. Often times these waste streams contain contaminants that require treatment before the water can be re-used or discharged. Biowater has successfully installed highly efficient biofilm treatment processes including our complete mix fixed film (CMFF®) system to remove BOD/COD, and nitrogen from mining waste streams. Biowater’s technologies, such as our CFIC® process, can produce effluent water quality...

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is used as a measure of organic pollutants in water. In wastewater treatment, it indicates the efficacy of a treatment process and is expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L) or parts per million (ppm). Removing certain fractions of COD in waste streams can be particularly challenging, especially to levels safe for discharge to the environment.

Nitric acid HNO3 is an important intermediate reagent for production of several important end products, such as fertilizers, explosives, dyestuffs/pigments, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, photographic materials, plastics, and synthetic fibers. At nitric acid manufacturing plants, the Gasmet™ FTIR Gas Analyzer can be used to measure several gaseous components from the process stream for purposes of process control. A single system can be used to measure the high levels of nitrogen monoxide NO and nitrogen...

Compressor condensate wastewater is generated during hot and humid weather as part of the process of condensing shop air to provide compressed air for machine tools. Typically, these waste streams are transparent with a slight floating layer of oil. Compressor Condensate wastewater cannot be simply flushed down the drain. Many companies choose to avoid the headaches of labor-intensive wastewater treatment technologies such as chemical treatment or filtration and simply pay to haul the wastewater. This however,...

The Fractional Electrodeionization (FEDI) process is an advancement of conventional EDI. The patented dual voltage process allows for a higher flexibility and tolerance to inlet water conditions, thus lowering the risk of scaling, and improving the plant’s design economics and reliability.
By incorporating a two-stage separation process with different voltages the FEDI® process is able to:
Achieve a higher hardness tolerance by having distinctly different concentrate chambers with separate reject streams and...

In industrial manufacturing companies, before a new process comes on-line, it is important to measure the toxicity of the effluent stream. This is especially the case for companies who treat their own waste. From the toxicity value (EC50) obtained, it may be a cost-effective solution to simply discharge the effluent to the treatment works at a slow and defined rate to minimise damage to the activated sludge. Following a period of acclimatisation it is often possible to increase feed rates to the plant and this...

The process of electricity generation from fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas is water-intensive. Between 40-50% of all water abstracted and used in developed countries is used in the generation of electricity. Thus, a reliable, abundant and predictable source of raw water supply to a power plant is a critical factor in site selection. Water supplies are required to provide various process waters for the following essential main purposes such as make-up water, cooling water for steam turbine...

Regulations prohibit facilities from discharging flammable or explosive wastes from their processes into the wastewater collection system. These wastes are not only a fire and explosion hazard but they can also effect the efficient and effective operation of the treatment facility. PrevEx Flammability analyzers are used to continuously monitor the waste stream for flammable gases and vapors. Their unique design and operating technology make them the ideal analyzers for the harsh conditions found in the sewer...

Sustainable metal recovery and water treatment. The metal and mining industry is increasingly aware of the opportunities to recover valuable resources from process and bleed streams. This combines creating revenues with environmental sustainability. The traditional method of removing dissolved metals and sulphate from aqueous process- and waste streams in the metal and mining industry is by neutralization with an alkaline agent like lime. The gypsum and metal hydroxides which are produced in this process...

Manufacturing, metal fabrication and metal finishing require multiple washing processes to remove residue, oil, acids and other lubricants and contaminants before during and following various process steps. This generates large volumes of wastewater containing alkaline, acid solutions, heavy metal wastewaters, paint, plating residue wastewater, and other metal fabrication wastewaters. Wastewater and wash water from spills and floor cleaning must also be properly disposed. These manufacturing waste waters...

Water is required in almost every step of the production process of pulp and paper. The wastewater streams vary greatly in concentration and composition (e.g. COD, BOD, suspended solids, wood extractives, sulphur, pH). Due to stricter rules and regulations with regard to fresh water intake and wastewater discharge, efficient water management has become essential to the industry.

Wastewater from a textile facility contains a variety of dyes and organic chemicals from the manufacturing processes that are often difficult to treat. Spectral analysis is well suited for monitoring waste streams to identify problematic dyes prior to treatment. Continuous monitoring of effluent wastewater for BOD and COD helps to ensure effective treatment and quality of effluent to ensure regulatory goals are met prior to discharge.

Plating rinse wastewater is one of the most common applications for ENCON Wastewater Evaporators. Wastewater from plating rinse tends to be rather corrosive. The chemistries used in the plating process can include a wide range of acids such as nitric acid, chromic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, as well as other non-acid chemistries like ammonium bifluoride and nickel sulfamate. Typically, the waste stream has a transparent, relatively clean look because they are dilute and the...

Many industries are aware of the opportunities to recover valuable resources from process and bleed streams. This combines creating revenues from waste streams with environmental sustainability. Even low concentrations of dissolved base metals can be economically recovered.

Water is fundamental to the manufacturing process in a semiconductor facility. Electronic components are rinsed or washed several times during the producing process with ultrapure water (UPW) to remove residue. Continuous monitoring of organic constituents (TOC) on the influent city water assist with UPW production. Good quality waste streams for the manufacturing process can also be monitored for reuse potential.

Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) describes a process that completely eliminates liquid discharge from a system. The goal of any well-designed ZLD system is to minimize the volume of wastewater that requires treatment, process wastewater in an economically feasible manner, while also producing a clean stream suitable for reuse elsewhere in the facility. Interest in ZLD technology has grown in the industrial manufacturing sector over the past decade. Companies may begin to explore ZLD because of ever tightening...

Pulp and paper waste streams are exceptionally well suited for spectral analysis due to the high concentration of UV/Vis light absorbing organics in their process water and waste streams. Continuous monitoring of the organic load by means of COD/BOD correlations will help ensure the treatment process is carried out in the most efficient way possible by optimizing aeration rates and nutrient dosing while also making sure that all the regulatory goals are met.

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