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FUEL PUMP The electric fuel pump is mounted at the bottom of the fuel tank, which consists of the armature, magnet, impeller, brush, check valve and relief valve . The ECM controls its ON/OFF operation as controlled under the FUEL PUMP CONTROL SYSTEM . When electrical energy is supplied to the fuel pump, the motor in the pump runs and together with the impel- ler . This causes a pressure difference to occur on both sides of the impeller as there are many grooves around it . Then the fuel is drawn through the inlet port, and with its pressure increased, it is discharged through the outlet port . The fuel pump has a check valve to keep some pressure in the fuel feed hose even when the fuel pump is stopped . Also, the relief valve is equipped in the fuel pump, which releases pressurized fuel to the fuel tank when the outlet of the fuel pressure has increased up to 450 -600 kPa (4.5- 6.0 kgf/cm2,64- 85 psi) . Relief valve Brush , ∎ I,’ Check valve Magnet L Armature When the impeller is driven by the motor, pressure differential occurs between the front part and the rear part of the blade groove as viewed in angular direction due to fluid friction . This process continuously takes place causing fuel pressure to be built up . The pressurized fuel is then let out from the pump chamber and discharged through the motor section and the check valve . FUEL SYSTEM AND THROTTLE BODY 5- 3 Inlet port I I Impeller 5-4 FUEL SYSTEM AND THROTTLE BODY FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR The fuel pressure regulator consists of the spring and valve . It keeps absolute fuel pressure of 300 kPa (3.0 kgf/cm2,43 psi) to be applied to the injector at all times . When the fuel pressure rises more than 300 kPa (3 .0 kgf/cm2, 43 psi), the fuel pushes the valve in the regulator open and excess fuel returns to the fuel tank . 90 Spring 02 Valve FUEL INJECTOR The fuel injector consists of the solenoid coil, plunger, needle valve and filter . It is an electromagnetic type injection nozzle which injects fuel in the throttle body according to the signal from the ECM. When the solenoid coil of the injector is energized by the ECM, it becomes an electromagnet and attracts the plunger. At the same time, the needle valve incorporated with the plunger opens and the injector which is under the fuel pressure injects fuel in conic dispersion . As the lift stroke of the needle valve of the injector is set constant, the volume of the fuel injected at one time is determined by the length of time during which the solenoid coil is energized (injection time)

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Throttle Body Assembly (TBA) — The throttle body assembly (also called air valve), controls the airflow to the engine through one, two or four butterfly valves and provides valve position feedback via the throttle position sensor. Rotating the throttle lever to open or close the passage into the intake manifold controls the airflow to the engine. The accelerator pedal controls the throttle lever position. Other functions of the throttle body are idle bypass air control via the idle air control valve, coolant heat for avoiding icing conditions, vacuum signals for the ancillaries and the sensors. FUEL INJECTOR — There are basically three approaches in delivering the fuel to the engine: • Above the throttle plate as in throttle body injection • In the intake port toward the intake valves as in multi-port injection or central multi-port injection. • Directly into the combustion chamber as in gasoline direct injection systems (GDI). The fuel injector is continuously supplied with pressurized fuel from the electric fuel pump. The pressure across the metering orifice of the injector is maintained constant by the fuel pressure regulator. The fuel injector is an electromagnetic valve that when driven by the ECU delivers a metered quantity of fuel into the intake manifold (or combustion chamber in the GDI system). The ECU controls the fuel flow by pulse width modulation. The time the injector is driven into an open condition is determined by the following sensor inputs: • Engine RPM • Throttle position (TPS) • Manifold absolute pressure or mass air flow • Engine coolant temperature • Oxygen sensor feedback voltage • Intake air charge temperature • Battery voltage CENTRAL POINT INJECTION SYSTEM (CPI) — Electronic fuel Injection system consisting on a single fuel injector mounted in the throttle body. DIGITAL FUEL INJECTION (DEFI OR DFI) — Electronic fuel injection system controlled by digital microprocessors as opposed to earlier systems that were of analog design. The analog input signals to the microprocessor are converted from analog to digital before being processed.

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The launch of the sixth generation of Gsxr marked a shift in Suzuki’s emphasis on two fronts. One, the Gsxr 1000 now took the upper hand in the development stakes. Historically, the Gsxr 750 led the march-arriving first, gaining the most recent technology, absorbing the lion’s share of corporate pride-but by 2003 the Gsxr 1000 was in the lead. Two, the Gsxr 1000 represents another, more subtle shift for Suzuki engineering, in which the designers-the lucky guys who get to clothe these amazing machines-have more freedom of expression. With this generation, the designs turned edgier, sharper, more aggressive looking than ever. What’s more, the Gsxr 1000 K3 would be the proving ground for a host of changes brought to the Gsxr 600 and Gsxr 750 for 2004. In fact, nearly every upgrade to the smaller bikes appeared on the Gsxr 1000 a year before. But the real impetus for driving the Gsxr 1000 to the head of development and, indeed, shortening its development cycle was competition both on the track and in the showroom. For the track, it was understood that Superbike racing would revert to allowing 1000 cc four-cylinder bikes in place of the 750s that had been the limit since 1982. In 2002, Yoshimura and Mat Mladin barely lost the AMA Superbike crown to Nicky Hayden aboard the Honda RC5!. But it would be the RC’s swan song of competitiveness with the change to 1000 cc fours. To keep speeds in check, the AMA Superbike rules would require 1000 cc fours to have some additional limitations compared to the twins and triples. For example, “Cylinder heads may be ported and machined, but altering of valve angles will not be permitted; aftermarket valves, springs, retainers, and other valve-train components will be permitted; valves must be stock size and same basic material as original equipment; aftermarket camshafts will be permitted, but earn lift and resulting valve lift must be no greater than stock. “In addition, the “stock crankshaft must be retained, The only allowable modifications are balancing, polishing of bearing surfaces and attachment of accessory drives. Homologated transmission gear sets (one optional set of ratios per approved model) will be permitted. Optional sets will be price-controlled and must be available to any legitimate AMA Superbike competitor. Homologated fuel-injection throttle-body assemblies (one optional type per approved model) and aftermarket airboxes will be permitted. Modifications to throttle bodies will not be permitted. Optional throttle bodies will be price-controlled and must be available to any legitimate AMA Superbike competitor.” The thinking was simple: keep the liter bikes from sucking through massive throttle bodies, and the horsepower might not (and, it was hoped, would not) go through the roof. In preparation for racing, Suzuki moto wanted to make a host of small changes to the Gsxr 1000, but its motivation was also to keep the bike at the forefront of open-class street bikes. Suzuki engineers knew that Honda and Kawasaki were readying all-new models-the CBR 954 RR and the ZX 9 R had long since been vanquished-and rumor had it that Yamaha was ready with yet another push with the R1.It was the right time to make alterations to the Gsxr 1000. Heading the list was, as one might expect, a revised engine.

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INSTALLATION To prevent accidental vehicle start-up, which could cause death or serious injury, remove main fuse before proceeding. (00251b) 1. Refer to the Service Manual and follow the instructions given to remove the main fuse. When servicing the fuel system, do not smoke or allow open flame or sparks in the vicinity. Gasoline is extremely flammable and highly explosive, which could result in death or serious injury. (00330a) 2. Remove the currently installed fuel tank from the vehicle. Follow the instructions for the correct model vehicle under FUEL TANK: EFI, REMOVAL in the Service Manual. 3. See FUEL PUMP/FUEL GAUGE SENDING UNIT, REMOVAL in the Service Manual for instructions to: a. Unplug the fuel pump module connector. b. Remove and discard the top plate screws. c. Remove the top plate, fuel pump and fuel level sender (fuel gauge sending unit) from the tank. NOTE Take care to avoid bending the fuel level sender float rod. A bent float rod will lead to erroneous gauge readings. 2 6 1 3 4 7 9 8 5 is05284 1. Fuel level sender 2. Electrical grounding tab 3. Fuel level sender lock tab 4. Adapter bracket 5. Slot (2) 6. Terminal strip insert 7. Sender to adapter lock tab 8. Slider 9. Adapter to tank lock tab Figure 1. Fuel Level Sender Assembly to Adapter – 4. See Figure 1. Clean the electrical grounding tab (2) on the back of the fuel level sender if necessary. The tab must make firm contact with the terminal strip insert (6) in the adapter bracket. Slide the original equipment (O.E.) fuel level sender (1) into the slots (5) in the new adapter bracket (4) as shown until the lock tabs (3 and 7) snap into place. Make sure the wire is not pinched between the adapter and sender. 5. See FUEL SUPPLY CHECK VALVE/TUBE in the Service Manual. Remove the check valve/quick-connect fitting assembly from the old fuel tank, and assemble to the new tank, using a new O-ring (purchased separately). 6. Fit the slider (8) on the adapter bracket into the fuel level sender mounting channel inside the tank, and push down until the lock tab (9) snaps into place. Make sure the sender and adapter wires are not pinched between the adapter and the fuel tank tunnel, and remain accessible through the fuel tank top opening. 7. See Figure 2. Obtain the assembly of the top plate (1), regulator (2) and fuel filter (3) removed from the old fuel tank, and the stainless steel screw (8) and nut (9) provided in this kit.

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1. Remove seat. 1 WARNING 1 WARNING To prevent spray of fuel, purge system of high-pressure fuel before supply line is disconnected. Gasoline is extremely flammable and highly explosive, which could result in death or serious injury. (00275a) 2. Purge the fuel supply line of high pressure gasoline. a. See Figure 4-36. Disconnect the fuel pump fuse from the main wiring harness. b. Start the engine and allow the vehicle to run. c. When the engine stalls, operate the starter for 3 seconds to remove any remaining fuel from the fuel lines. 1 WARNING 1 WARNING To prevent accidental vehicle start-up, which could cause death or serious injury, disconnect negative (-) battery cable before proceeding. (00048a) 3. Disconnect negative battery cable. 4. Remove instrument console. a. All but FXSTD, see Figure 4-37. Remove acorn nut and washer on instrument console to separate console from fuel tank. b. For FXSTD, see 8.26 INSTRUMENT CONSOLE: FXSTD. 5. Disconnect console wiring. Figure 4-36. Fuel Pump Fuse: View From Top Figure 4-37. Acorn Nut And Washer: All But FXSTD s0660x8xx 7526
4-28 2007 Softail: Fuel System HOME 1 WARNING 1 WARNING Gasoline can drain from the crossover line when disconnected from fuel tank. Gasoline is extremely flammable and highly explosive, which could result in death or serious injury. Wipe up spilled fuel immediately and dispose of rags in a suitable manner. (00259a) 6. Drain fuel tank. a. Obtain a short section of hose (5/16 inch I.D.). Insert bolt in one end of hose and install hose clamp to ensure that end is securely plugged. b. See Figure 4-38. Cut clamp (1) from one end of crossover hose (2). Quickly replace crossover hose on fuel tank fitting with open end of short hose while directing flow of gasoline from free end of crossover hose into suitable container. 7. See Figure 4-39. Unplug fuel pump module connector (3) [86]. 8. Remove top plate screws (2) and discard. 9. See Figure 4-40. Pull top plate (2) out of fuel tank enough to expose fuel hose and clamp (1). CAUTION Carefully inspect end of hose for cuts, tears, holes or other damage. Replace hose if any damage is found. Even the smallest hole can cause a reduction in fuel pressure. 10. Cut clamp and remove hose from regulator housing fit- ting.

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Battery-less fuel injection system Designed specifically for motocrossers, the fuel injection system incorporates a small lightweight ECU and operates without a battery to further eliminate unnecessary weight. And of course, fuel injection eliminates the need to adjust engine settings to suit track and climate conditions. Ensuring quick starting without a battery was a prime directive when developing this fuel injection system. Using only electricity generated by the kick starter, the engine can be started with only three rotations of the crankshaft. The system delivers electricity in the following order:1) ECU, 2) fuel pump, 3) injector. With a warm engine, starting can be accomplished in a single kick. The compact, lightweight ECU, located just in front of the steering head (behind the number plate), was designed specifically for motocross use. To help cope with the shocks and vibrations of motocross riding, the fuel pump relay is built into the ECU. A 43 mm throttle body makes use of a progressive throttle link to deliver airflow in much the same way as would a FCR carburettor. Using two linked shafts, the throttle body opens more quickly after the 3/8 open position, delivering sharp response and excellent power. Lightweight throttle body is approximately half the weight of a FCR carburettor – a weight savings of about 600 g. To ensure the high-rpm engine’s demand for a high flow of fuel in a short period is met, the KX250F’s injector features larger holes than that used on the KX450F. A fine atomising injector with 4 holes disperses spray particles with a droplet size of 120 µm. Fuel flow is about 20% greater than on the KX450F. The newly designed fuel pump, located in the fuel tank, is a lightweight aluminium construction. (Fuel tank capacity is now 7.2 litres.)

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Installation NOTE When performing the following Steps, use the Fuel Tank Vent Valve Installation Kit (Part Number 91432-96Y). This kit consists of: * Fuel Tank Vent Valve Installation Aid * Fuel Tank Vent Valve Fitting Socket To protect against shock and accidental start-up of vehicle, disconnect the battery cables, negative cable first, before proceeding. Inadequate safety precautions could result in death or serious injury. Always disconnect the negative battery cable first. If the positive battery cable should contact ground with the negative cable installed, the resulting sparks may cause a battery explosion which could result in death or serious injury. 1. Disconnect battery cables, negative cable first. An open flame or spark may cause a fuel tank explosion if all traces of fuel are not purged from the tank. Use extreme caution when servicing fuel tanks. Gasoline is extremely flammable and highly explosive. Do not smoke or allow open flame or sparks anywhere in the area when working on fuel system components. Inadequate safety precautions could result in death or serious injury. 2. Remove gas cap. 3. Carbureted Models: Drain fuel tank. Disconnect hose clamp and fuel supply hose from fuel supply valve and drain fuel into suitable, clean container. See applicable Service Manual, Section 4 for complete, detailed procedure. Fuel Injected Models: Relieve pressure from fuel system. See applicable Service Manual, Section 4 for complete, detailed procedure. Drain fuel tank. a. Using suitable external fuel pump, such as a Gas Caddy, pump fuel from tank and into a suitable, clean container. b. See instructions for external fuel pump for correct use. 4. See Figure 1. Cut cable tie securing vent hose to fitting and remove vent hose from fuel tank. Even with the fuel tank completely drained, a small amount of gasoline may leak from the bore when the fuel supply valve is loosened or removed. Thoroughly wipe up any fuel immediately and dispose of rags in a suitable manner. Gasoline is extremely flammable and highly explosive. Inadequate safety precautions could result in death or serious injury. 5. If the fuel supply valve requires cleaning or repair, refer to applicable Service Manual, Section 4, for complete, detailed procedures. 6. See Figure 1. Remove the fuel filler cap and O-ring. 7. Remove the eight self-tapping screws from fuel clamp flange and remove fuel cap flange

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fuel injection (FI) systems have been around since the 1950′s and became widely used in cars during the 80′s. By the 1990′s all cars sold in the United States were equipped with FI systems, and though motorcycle manufacturers have included FI systems with some models as early as 1982, it isn’t until recently that the industry has seen wide spread use of FI. Since a lot of people come into my shop with questions about FI, I thought I would point out some of the differences between FI and carbureted systems as well as the benefits and disadvantages of both. A carbureted system is a mechanical system using air pressure to control the flow of fuel through the system. There are three basic parts in a carburetor, the throttle valve, the venturi and the float bowl. The throttle valve controls the amount of air that flows into the throat of the carburetor also known as the venturi which is simply a tapered hole through the carburetor body. As the venturi narrows, air moving through it is forced to speed up creating low pressure inside the carburetor. In a siphoning effect as the air tries to equalize the pressure, fuel is drawn in from the float bowl mixing with the air before entering the engine. The wider open the throttle valve, the more air will flow, drawing more fuel. A number of circuits are built into the carburetor in order to control the amount of air/fuel being drawn into the engine. In this context a circuit refers to a fuel passageway as opposed to an electrical circuit. In fact, nothing electrical controls fuel delivery in a carbureted system, it is all based on fluid flow, vacuum and hydraulics. The different circuits represent various throttle positions such as idle, partially open and fully open, and each of these circuits can be tuned to modify the efficiency of fuel delivery to the system. Fuel injection (FI) systems, on the other hand, rely on an electronic fuel pump to deliver fuel. The fuel pump delivers fuel at around 50psi as opposed to carbureted systems at normal atmospheric pressure of about 15psi. When the fuel reaches the injectors, the higher pressure allows much finer atomization (creating mist) of the fuel. The injectors then spray the atomized fuel into the intake manifold in a uniform conical pattern. The uniform pattern and fine atomization of the fuel spray increase the efficiency in which it is burned

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1. Remove seat and disconnect battery. Remove fuel tank along with both left and right side battery covers, and remove air box from carburetor (all per Yamaha standard shop manual procedures). 2. Remove chrome plastic cover over fuel pump and disconnect choke cable/knob from lower pump bracket. Remove pump-to-carb fuel line from fuel pump. Disconnect fuel pumps electrical lead connector. 3. Remove two (2) hex-head pump mounting bracket bolts and remove pump assembly from motorcycle. Slide fuel pump up and off bracket mounting posts (Caution: excess fuel may drain from pump and/or fuel lines and fuel filter!). Remove heat shield. Remove remaining fuel line from pump. Pull all fuel lines from filter and remove steel springs and hose clamps from these lines (these will be reused on the kits fuel lines). With a sharp knife or box cutter, trim off the top portion of the fuel pumps rubber isolation/mount system per Photo A. Next cut pumps wiring harness approximately half way between connector and pump. Strip the insulation from the ends of these wires as well as from the supplied Baron harness extension wires. Using the supplied electrical butt connectors, crimp Baron harness extensions red wire to pumps black-w/blue-strip wire, and Baron harness extensions black wire to pumps black wire. Repeat this process on other side of wire harness extension with pumps connector. Now, referring to Photo B, you will need to cut off the square tube that runs along the side of the fuel pump with a hack saw. Cut down toward pump body in a straight cut, then cut tube off by cutting along the body. This will allow you to twist pump in the rubber mount so the curved spigot is facing up (clockwise approx 1/4 turn). 4. Remove pump-to-carb fuel line from carb and separate electrical wires from this line. Remove this fuel line from engine. Re-route choke cable to right side of engine (toward carb) and rotate it up and over rear cylinder head back toward left side of bike. Mount new Baron choke bracket to the choke cable and tighten plastic nut. New choke bracket will mount to rear fuel tank mounting location (Photo C). 5. 99~03 models – Remove electrical relay bracket (found under the right side cover) from the bike and slide each relay off of this bracket. Install fuel pump onto new Baron Fuel Pump Bracket and install bracket in the same location as the stock bracket you just removed, using stock mounting hardware. Refer to Photo F for proper installation. 6. 04~07 models Remove electrical relays from stock bracket and remove relays from rubber holder. Cut rubber holder per Photo E and replace one of the relays into the rubber and install on to new Baron bracket. The second relay will be placed to the right of the tool bag under the seat and secured with the provided two-sided tape pad. Reconnect plugs to the relays. (Photo F)