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Saturday, April 11, 2020

Education is a symbol of social control, personality building and social and economic progress in any nation or society in the world. The current education system of India is based on the British model, which was implemented in 1835 AD.

The speed with which India is changing the social, political and economic scenario of the country. In view of this, it is necessary that we take a deep observation of the background, objectives, challenges, and crises of the education system of India.

When the foundation of the current education system was laid in 1835, scientist Lord Macaulay stated that the purpose of English education is to play the main role for administration in India and to prepare the distinguished people of India for government work.

As a result, even after using English education in India for a century, India's literacy in 1935 did not even surpass the ten percent figure.

In India, this education system played an important role in keeping the upper classes separate from the rest of the society of India. Until the twentieth century in British society, it was believed that educating the children of the working class means to make them unfit for their work in life. To make. The British education system followed the same policy for children from poor families.

From the analysis of the Indian education system of the last two hundred years, it can be concluded that this education has been city and upper class centered, devoid of labor and intellectual work. Gandhi's evils were first exposed in the conference of the Gujarat Education Society in 1917 and presented the place of mother tongue in education and the aspect of Hindi in a logical manner at the national level. In the days of freedom struggle, the use of education in schools like Shanti Niketan, Kashi Vidyapeeth, etc. was given priority in which the welfare of all classes.

In 1944, education law was passed in India. After independence, our constitution-makers and psychological policy-makers accepted the importance of education in the national, socio-economic development, etc. areas. We get confirmation of this opinion from Radhakrishna Committee (1949), Kothari Education Commission (1966) and New Education Policy (1986)

After independence, the level of higher education and technical education in universities in India has increased, but the base of primary education has become weak. The goal of education has been based on mechanization in place of nationality, character building and human resource development, due to which more than 40 percent of the students passing out of medical and higher institutions continued to migrate out of the country.

In the name of adult education and literacy in the country, plunder and big fees are being settled in India. The weak base of primary education, the deviation of higher educational institutions from their strong role and the professional attitude of teachers is creating a new crisis for the current education system.

Today, the new faces of the capitalist economy in India, with the ideology of privatization and liberalization, education is also being seen from the commercial point of view which is bought and sold in the market. Apart from this, in the name of liberalization, the states are also diverting from their obligations.

The education system of independent India-

The current education system of India is still in crisis due to the social structure in India, the in-depth analysis of the current education system's relationship, the courses, and its fundamental weaknesses. Textbooks are changed every ten years, but the basic form of education needs to be changed to make it job oriented.

Our current Indian education system is creating such an army of non-technical students who ultimately become a burden on their family and society. Therefore, there is an urgent need to link education with nation-building and character building which is not happening.

Nature of the modern education system:-

The modern education system has not changed the form provided by the British. Primary education up to class five, followed by secondary education up to class XII and higher education thereafter. Their names are still used in English, primary, middle, high school, inter, B.A., M.A., B.Ed., LL.B.Ph.D, etc. Are going.

The modern education system has opened the doors of education for every person in the country. Education opportunities are being gathered everywhere and in every village. There is no discrimination of any kind in the school.

Compulsory education has been done for fourteen years, under which no fee is charged from students studying up to class VIII. Up to the secondary level, the child is made aware of almost every subject which is useful for life.

Defects of the modern education system:-

The first flaw in the modern education system is that it has a duplex system of education. There are English medium private public schools for the children of big houses and Indian language medium government and semi-government schools for ordinary children.

Due to the English language of livelihood, only public school children can go to higher positions, and under them are children of government semi-government school. In this way, only rulers and governed and exploiters and exploiters are created from schools.

Measures for education reform: -

In a country, love of mother tongue, self-culture automatically creates national love, social love, and public love. There should be a uniform education system for all in the country. The medium of instruction should be the mother tongue through which the sense of belonging to self-culture increases.