^ On
a 14 January:2002 The
price of shares of Kmart Corporation (KM) falls over 22% intraday (to $2.55
from the 13 Jan 2002 close of $3.30) as concern mounts about the fate of
the discount chain which has seen sales and profits fall in the face of
stiff competition from Wal-Mart Stores Inc.2002
On the NASDAQ the price of shares of Miravant Medical Technologies (MRVT)
plummets to a close of $2.44 (intraday low $2.05), down 75% from the 13
January close of $9.75, ot news of disappointing results of the trial of
a macular degenaration drug. [5-year price chart >]2002 Jordanian Prime Minister Ali Abu al-Ragheb, 55, reshuffles
his 29-member cabinet at King Abdullah's request to prepare for a parliamentary
election (delayed from November 2001 to avoid Islamist gains) expected to
be held in September 2002. Jordan's ambassador to the US since 1997, Marwan
al-Muasher, is named foreign minister, replacing Abdulilah al-Khatib who
had held the post for three years. Qaftan al-Majali, interior ministry under-secretary,
becomes minister of the interior replacing controversial Awad Khuleifat,
who has been at odds with Abu Ragheb. Finance Minister Michel Marto keeps
his job.2000 Denis Chatelier, 33, receives a transplant
of both hands at l'hôpital Edouard-Herriot de Lyon. He will have to receive
immunosuppressants for the rest of his life, increasing his risk of contracting
life-threatening diseases. This, and the uncertainty of his gaining control
of his new hands, generates a controversy. However, one year later, Chatelier
would have gained sensitivity and much use of the hands. Chatelier had lost
his forearms and hands in 1996 when an amateur rocket he made with his nephews
exploded as he was preparing it for launch.2000
A UN tribunal sentences five Bosnian Croats to up to 25 years in prison
for the 1993 massacre of at least 103 Muslims in a Bosnian village.

^
2000 At last INS relents and will reunite children and mom it had
separated. In
Haiti, kids cry for mom in Miami, one example out of too many. Marc
Yvens Dieubon, 10, and his sister, Germanie, 8 [photo >],
wait for news of their mother at a relative's home in Port-au-Prince,
after the two kids were repatriated without her.
They didn't know that they made the two-day forced return trip to
Haiti without their mother, who was left in Miami, too sick to be
repatriated. They didn't even know if she was alive. Yvena Rhinvil,
33, and her children were among 411 passengers who left Haiti Dec.
28 on an ill-fated voyage aboard a homemade fishing vessel headed
toward Miami. As many as 10 people reportedly died at sea on the treacherously
overloaded boat, either suffocating or jumping overboard in desperation.
On 000105, the children's pregnant
mother, detained at the Krome detention center, was fearing the worst
as well: She had no idea what happened to her children and begged
authorities for help in finding them. The Immigration and Naturalization
Service said they had no idea the children had been sent back to Haiti,
"But we weren't on the boat; the Coast Guard was." "This
is the first I'm hearing of it," said a Coast Guard spokesman.Yvena
Rhinvil [< photo] said she kept trying to tell US
authorities about her children, but no one listened to her amid all
the chaos. The trip, fraught with mishaps, turned out nothing like
Yvena hoped. She had seen it as an opportunity to start a better life
for her children. Yvena studied typing after high school. Her only
job was working as a sales clerk at a drugstore. The salary was not
enough to cover her bus fare and she quit. She never found another
job. She was raising her children alone.
Marc Yvens was held back from fourth grade this year so his school
tuition could be used to buy clothes and provisions. 991218 the journey
began. But the bus carrying the family crashed into an oncoming car
and Yvena, who is pregnant, was badly injured. She was rushed to a
hospital and advised to stay for several days. Fearing missing the
boat she left after just one day. They made it to Tortue Island and
camped out with other passengers awaiting the boat. On 991228 they
boarded. But the boat got more and more crowded. The family was lucky
to secure a spot on the upper deck — until Yvena got sick. It
was the last time that Marc Yvens and his sister Germanie saw their
mom. And they don't know when they'll see her again. At
last, on 14 January, the INS says that Marc Yvens and Germanie will
be allowed to travel to Miami as soon as passports are issued by the
Haitian government. They have been staying with an aunt in Port-au-Prince.
The two kids will be allowed to live in the United States
for 90 days while their mother's political asylum claim is
weighed. Pressure on the US government to reunite the family had been
building since Rhinvil's case became public. Thousands had protested
US handling of the case on 000112, carrying black-draped coffins to
symbolize those who had died trying to reach the United States. Haitian
and African-American activists say they are troubled by the contrast
between the huge outcry over 6-year-old Elian Gonzalez, the Cuban
migrant who was found adrift on Thanksgiving Day, and the routine
return of young Haitian migrants. Under US policy, Haitians and others
who arrive illegally are sent back, while the Cuban Readjustment Act
of 1966 grants any Cuban who reaches American soil the right to stay.
For every case of cruelty towards immigrants
that makes the news, how many thousands are there which never get
publicized?

(1) The House prosecution team begins its three-day case for removing President
Bill Clinton from office, presenting the Senate with its road map for the
"impeachable offenses" of perjury and obstruction of justice they claim
Clinton committed. The managers are fighting an uphill battle to convince
two-thirds of the Senate that Clinton should be convicted of the two articles
of impeachment, and consequently be removed from office. In his introductory
remarks, Judiciary Committee Chairman Henry Hyde reminds the senators of
their duties as impartial jurors. "You are seated in this historic chamber
... to listen to the evidence as those who must sit in judgment. To guide
you in this grave duty, you've taken an oath of impartiality." (TRANSCRIPT)

Hyde gives the introduction "The president engaged in a conspiracy of
crimes to prevent justice from being served. These are impeachable offenses
for which the president should be convicted," Rep. James Sensenbrenner
(R-Wisconsin) says in his overview of the managers' case.

Sensenbrenner stresses that the trial is taking place because Clinton
had multiple occasions to tell the truth about his affair with former
White House intern Monica Lewinsky but didn't. "We are here today because
President William Jefferson Clinton decided to put himself above the law,
not once, not twice, but repeatedly," Sensenbrenner says. He adds that
the president "could have told the truth to the American people. Instead,
he shook his finger at each and every American and said, 'I want you to
listen to me' and proceeded to tell a straight-faced lie to the American
people." The failure to convict Clinton on the impeachment charges, says
Sensenbrenner, "will cause a cancer to be present in our society for generations."
Offering some of the toughest rhetoric of the day, Sensenbrenner concludes:
"When a cancer exists in the body politic, our job, our duty, is to excise
it." (TRANSCRIPT)

The "fact" team then takes over the House's presentation. Reps. Ed Bryant
(Tennessee), Hutchinson and Rogan closely follow the 105-page legal brief
the managers filed with the Senate on 11 January to outline their case.
Sensenbrenner savages the Clinton White House Before his colleagues launch
into their recitation of the For the case, Bryant stresses to the senators
that the events in question can not be viewed as isolated incidents but
instead as a pattern of corruption. "Remember, events and words that may
seem innocent or even exculpatory in a vacuum may well take on sinister,
or even criminal connotation when observed in the context of the whole
plot," Bryant says. He provides a loosely chronological history of events
that led to Starr's investigation of the president. "Every trial must
have a beginning and this trial begins on a cold day in January 1993,"
Bryant says, showing video of Clinton taking his first oath of office
on the steps of the Capitol. The Tennessee Republican went on to trace
the events surrounding Jones' civil lawsuit, as well as the progression
of the president's sexual relationship with Lewinsky through December
1997. (TRANSCRIPT)

Rogan replays parts of the president's testimony before Independent Counsel
Ken Starr's grand jury on 17 August to lay out his case for impeachment
Article I, which accuses Clinton of perjury. The California representative
focuses much of his remarks on the prepared statement Clinton read 19
times during his grand jury testimony. In that statement, Rogan says,
Clinton gave a "false account of the nature and details of his relationship
with Lewinsky." Specifically, Rogan says Clinton lied about the starting
date of the affair and the type of sexual activity that took place. "Ironically,
this prepared statement was supposed to inoculate him from perjury. Instead,
it opened him up to 19 more examples of giving perjurious, false, and
misleading answers under oath," he adds. Though the House voted down an
article of impeachment charging Clinton with perjury in his Paula Jones
civil deposition, Rogan addresses the charge in his statement, arguing
that Clinton perjured himself by repeating "previous perjured answers
he gave under oath in a sexual harassment lawsuit." Bryant highlights
Clinton's original oath.

Speaking to Article II — the obstruction of justice charge —
Hutchinson tells the Senate that Clinton encouraged Lewinsky to submit a
false affidavit, tampered with witnesses and conspired to conceal the gifts
exchanged between the president and the ex-intern. Hutchinson also categorizes
the job search for Lewinsky as obstruction. Using charts to display the
timelines, Hutchinson runs through a tic-toc of events from December 1997
when Lewinsky was subpoenaed in the Jones case to January 1998 when the
scandal was threatening to break in the press. Hutchinson presents what
he dubbed Clinton's "seven pillars of obstruction" that include encouraging
the filing of a false affidavit, witness tampering and the concealment of
evidence. He calls the president's actions part of a scheme to hide the
relationship with Lewinsky from Jones' lawyers. Hutchinson refutes White
House claims that this case is just about sex and personal behavior by the
president. "It is not a crime nor an impeachable offense to engage in inappropriate
personal conduct; nor is it a crime to obstruct or conceal an embarrassing
relationship." "But as we go through the facts of this case, the evidence
will show that a scheme was developed to obstruct the administration of
justice, and that is illegal," he says. Hutchinson is from Clinton's home
state, and his brother, Sen. Tim Hutchinson (R-Arkansas), is sitting as
a juror in this trial.
(TRANSCRIPT)

Chief Justice William Rehnquist, who is presiding over
the trial, periodically stands up to stretch his ailing back. As the afternoon
drifts into evening, senators sit quietly at their desks, some taking
notes, some fidgeting and others perfectly still. Several lawmakers quietly
make requests for paper or water, but per the rules, no senator so much
as whispered during the first hour or so of proceedings. The trial adjourns
Thursday night after House managers complete a six-hour presentation of
evidence. The summation of the factual case will be presented by Rep.
Bill McCollum (R-Florida) when the trial resumes at 13:00 ET on 15 January.
(2) The House Managers, by David Schippers, submit a rebuttal memorandum
to Clinton's Trial Memorandum

(3) A senior White House source later accuses House prosecutors of opening
their impeachment case against Clinton with an "outrageous and blatant
misrepresentation." At issue: Sensenbrenner's remarks, when he suggested
that those looking for evidence the president committed perjury should
look at the House Judiciary Committee testimony of White House counsel
Charles Ruff. Sensenbrenner said Ruff declined to answer the question
when asked if the president had told the truth in his grand jury testimony.
But the White House official says Ruff's answer was, "He surely did."
The official says: "Congressman Sensenbrenner blatantly misrepresented
the facts and the record, consistent with the outrageous and blatant misrepresentation
of the record throughout their entire case. ... They say nothing is more
central to the rule of law than the truth and they can't tell the truth."
Hutchinson presents a devastating timeline

(4) Independent Counsel Ken Starr says his staff is in touch with House
prosecutors to provide them assistance with the impeachment trial of President
Bill Clinton. "There's a process that is underway that's called for by
the Constitution, and our office had a statutory obligation to refer materials
to Congress once, in our evaluation, the predicate was there for Congress
to consider it," Starr says. "I don't think I should be commenting at
all. It's the process that Congress has ordained, and now the Constitution
has provided for." Starr says he had not been in touch with the prosecutors
today, but he did plan on watching the proceedings. When asked if the
case could be appropriately considered without witnesses, Starr says he
did not want to comment on a process that was at the discretion of and
the "rightful prerogative" of the Senate. "I think I should allow those
judgments to be made without the burden of any comment I may have," Starr
says. Meanwhile, Starr finally receives a confidential response to his
02 December 1998 complaints that Reno's Justice Department is politically
biased in favor of protecting Clinton. The response comes from from Deputy
Attorney General Eric Holder. "I reject in the strongest terms'' the "charge
that the department has engaged in 'politically motivated interference,'''
Holder's office writes. Holder's office says the 02 December 1998 letter
from Starr's office is "wholly unjustified;'' that Holder is "very disappointed"
by the letter's tone; and that the DOJ would list the allegations it intended
to review. Eventually, discussions will resume between Justice and Starr.
Starr will later supply the DOJ's Office of Professional Responsibility
a point-by-point rebuttal (totaling several hundred pages) to allegations
of impropriety in his investigation of Clinton.

1998 In Dallas, researchers report an enzyme that slows
the aging process and cell death.1995 Tens of thousands
of South Africans attend state funeral of Yossel Mashel "Joe"
Slovo, the chief White leader in the struggle against apartheid for more
than 40 years. He had died on 06 January, at age 68.1994
US President Clinton and Russian President Boris Yeltsin signed Kremlin
accords to stop aiming missiles at any nation and to dismantle the nuclear
arsenal of Ukraine.1991 Jorge Serrano Elías sworn
in as President of Guatemala 1991 Valentin Pavlov
becomes premier of USSR 1990 Pérez de Cuellar
says he has lost all hope for peace in the Persian Gulf.1989
Former Belgian premier Paul Van den Boeynants kidnapped
1989 1000 Muslims burn Salman Rushdie's Satanic Verses
in Bradford England 1986 Constitution of Guatemala
takes effect and Vinicio Cerezo becomes only the 2nd freely elected President
of Guatemala since the CIA-sponsored coup in 1954 1985
British pound (£) sinks to record low: $1.11 1981
FCC frees stations to air as many commercials an hour as they wish

^
1980 UN “deplores” Soviet intervention in Afghanistan.
In a crushing
diplomatic rebuke to the Soviet Union, the U.N. General Assembly votes
104 to 18 to "deplore" the Russian intervention in Afghanistan. The
resolution also requested the "immediate, unconditional and total
withdrawal of the foreign troops from Afghanistan." The immense margin
of victory for the resolution indicated the worldwide disapproval
for the December 1979 Soviet invasion and installation of a pro-communist
puppet regime in Afghanistan.
The General Assembly's resolution had no direct impact on the Soviet
Union's actions. Russia had earlier vetoed a similar resolution introduced
in the Security Council. However, the size of the General Assembly
vote and the nations that voted for the resolution indicated that
Cold War world politics might be changing. Non-aligned nations (nations
in the United Nations that claimed "non-alignment" with either the
West or the communist bloc) and other Third World nations voted 78
to 9 in favor of the resolution (28 others abstained or were absent).
Even the fiery rhetoric of the Cuban
delegate (Cuba presided over the non-aligned nations) failed to sway
many voters to defeat the proposal. "We know," he declared, "the historic
role of the Soviet Union and of United States imperialism." Several
representatives from Asian, African, and Latin American nations-nations
that had traditionally maintained a more or less neutral attitude
toward the East-West conflict-did condemn the Soviet action in Afghanistan.
The resolution was a victory
for US diplomats, who had been pushing for a statement from the international
organization denouncing the Soviet invasion. The successful and overwhelming
passage of the resolution indicated that Cold War alignments were
perhaps undergoing an important and far-reaching alteration. Many
of the so-called non-aligned nations and Third World countries were
appalled by the Soviet action and drew closer to the United States.
With the Cold War itself destined to last another decade, US relations
with such nations would take on more significance than ever before.

^1968 Campaign to disrupt North Vietnamese build-up
near Khe Sanh
US joint-service Operation Niagara is launched to support the US Marine
base at Khe Sanh. The Khe Sanh base was the westernmost anchor of
a series of combat bases and strongholds that stretched from the Cua
Viet River on the coast of the South China Sea westward along Route
9 to the Laotian border. Intelligence sources revealed that the North
Vietnamese Army was beginning to build up its forces in the area surrounding
Khe Sanh. Operation Niagara was a joint US Air Force, Navy and Marine
Corps air campaign launched in support of the marines manning the
base. Using sensors installed along the nearby DMZ and reconnaissance
flights to pinpoint targets, 24'000 tactical fighter-bomber sorties
and 2700 B-52 strategic bomber sorties were flown between the start
of the operation and 31 March 1969, when it was terminated. This airpower
played a major role in the successful defense of Khe Sanh when it
came under attack on 21 January 1969 and was subsequently besieged
for 66 days until finally broken on 07 April 1969.

1967 New York Times reports that US Army is conducting
secret germ warfare experiments 1963 George C Wallace
sworn in as Governor of Alabama, his address states "segregation now; segregation
tomorrow; segregation forever!" 1956 Jordan government
refuses to join Pact of Baghdad.1953 Marshal Josip
Broz Tito is elected the first president of Yugoslavia by the
country's Parliament.1950 US recalls all consular
officials from China.

^
1943 Roosevelt and Churchill begin Casablanca conference Prime Minister Winston Churchill
and US President Franklin D. Roosevelt meet in Casablanca, Morocco,
along with the Combined Chiefs of Staff, to discuss strategy and study
the next phase of the war. This meeting marked the first time a US
president left US soil during wartime. Participants also included
leaders of the French government-in-exile, Gen. Charles de Gaulle
and Gen. Henri Giraud, who were assured of a postwar united France.
The success of the North Africa
invasion, which resulted in the defeat of Vichy French forces, compelled
President Roosevelt to meet with Prime Minister Churchill (Joseph
Stalin, president and dictator of the USSR, declined an invitation
to attend) to confer on how best to push forward an end to the war.
Top priority was given to destroying German U-boat patrols in the
Atlantic and launching combined bombing missions. Most important,
in a controversial declaration, they announced that the Allies would
accept only unconditional surrender from the Axis powers, a decision
that caused consternation on all sides as too extreme and allowing
too little room for political maneuvering. The meeting was kept secret,
even by newspapers that knew about it, until the participants left
Morocco on 27 January 1944.

^1942 Anglo-American Combined Chiefs of Staff established
The United States and Great Britain
agree to have the British Chiefs of Staff and the US Joint Chiefs
work together, either through meetings or representatives, to advise
the leaders of both nations on military policy during the war. During
the Arcadia Conference, which began on December 22, 1941, British
Prime Minister Winston Churchill met with President Franklin D. Roosevelt
in Washington, D.C., to discuss a unified Anglo-American war strategy
and a future peace. Toward this end, the Combined Chiefs of Staff
was created. The British Chiefs of Staff, composed of the three service
heads (army, navy, air force), and their US counterparts, the Joint
Chiefs of Staff, were made into one office, with the Combined Staff
Planners and the Combined Secretariat offering administrative support.

^
1896 Ponzi immigrates to US, where he would invent his notorious Scheme.
CarloPonzi immigrates to the US from Italy.
The small-time con man would later stumble into one of the largest scams
of all time and have an entire type of crime named after him: the "Ponzi
scheme." For 20 years, Ponzi bounced from job to job, always dreaming up
a way to make millions but never coming close. But in 1919, he came up with
a new plan. Ponzi told friends and potential investors that they would get
a 50 percent return on their money within three months if they invested
with him. The hapless investors were never told much about what Ponzi planned
on doing with their money, but, when pressed, he told them that it had to
do with international postal exchange coupons, an obscure field that virtually
no one knew much about. Ponzi told his marks that they could cash out at
the end of three months or roll over their investments.
Ponzi promptly paid off his initial investors and soon the investment dollars
were pouring in. Thousands of people came to his offices, where money was
stuffed in every desk drawer and filing cabinet. Ponzi was taking in an
estimated $200'000 a day at the frenzy's peak. When a local writer questioned
Ponzi's financial record, he threatened to sue and scared off further inquiry.
Ponzi went on a personal spending spree in 1920, buying 100 suits and 100
pairs of shoes. He also took $3 million in cash to the Hanover Trust Company
and bought a controlling interest in the reputable firm.
However, when state investigators finally began examining his books and
interviewing his workers they found that there was no real investment going
on. Of course, only the very early investors actually got any money back,
and these funds came from later investors. Such a scam, known as a pyramid
scheme, inevitably explodes, as it did on August 13, 1920, when thousands
of investors demanded their money back. Ponzi, anticipating the collapse,
had already taken $2 million to the Saratoga casinos in a vain attempt to
make up the lost money. Ponzi went to jail and was deported to Italy in
1934. He told reporters, "I hope the world forgives me." Perhaps taken in
by his apparent contrition, Italian dictator Benito Mussolini gave Ponzi
a high position in the government's financial sector. However, human nature
is very difficult to change, and Ponzi eventually embezzled funds from the
country's treasury and escaped to Brazil, where he died in 1949.
He also inspired the amusing web page http://www.bandersnatch.com/ponzi.htm
quoted below:

THE PONZI
SCHOOL OF BUSINESS  Our faculty is sought after by authorities
in 37 foreign countries

GDU offers a wide variety of independent study programs ranging from obtaining
SBA Loans to international securities fraud. Our Course Materials have been
prepared by experts in their respective fields located in the finest correctional
institutions on three continents.
The Ponzi School of Business was named after Mr.Carlo Ponzi, who obtained
money from investors, using some of the investor money to pay "dividends"
to other investors, creating the illusion of a successful investment, while
he was pocketing the balance of the invested funds. The practice is commonly
referred to as a "Ponzi Scheme" and a Ponzi-type operation is
also known as a "bucket shop" or the Social Security System.
BUSINESS 101: ETHICS (No Credit) Case histories of famous robber barons,
con artists, swindlers, grifters and politicians are reviewed.
BUSINESS 1O2: THE SWISS BANKING SYSTEM How to open up your numbered account
in Zurich. [Trip to Switzerland not included in Course Materials.]
BUSINESS 103: TAX HAVENS Numerous small countries (mostly in the Caribbean)
offer opportunities to locate businesses and open up bank accounts that
are not subject to US taxation. [Field trips to the Netherlands Antilles
and the Grand Cayman Islands can be arranged for a substantial price.]
BUSINESS 1O4: EXTRADITION TREATIES The laws of Brazil, Costa Rica, and other
countries lacking effective extradition treaties with the United States
are carefully explained. Itinerary of Robert Vesco included. [Note: if you
are a former governmental official of Mexico, a special section is offered
on exile in Cuba.]
BUSINESS 105: TIME SHARE CEMETERIES The newest wrinkle on real estate opportunities
is explained. Double occupancy rates are covered.
BUSINESS 106: YARD SALES How to get rich buying junk at other people's yard
sales and selling this dreck at your own yard sale for a profit.
BUSINESS 109: MONEY CAN MAKE YOU RICH Learn how to borrow money from friends
without having to pay it back.
BUSINESS 201: INDIGENT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Selling "will work for
food signs" and reserving street corners is covered. Samples of effective
signs such as "To Be Honest I Just Want To Buy Some Beer" are
included. Fish and ships.

^
1894 Joseph Conrad returns to London
Joseph Conrad returns to London to settle down after a long career at sea.
There, he begins rewriting a story he had been working on during his travels,
which becomes his first novel, Almayer's Folly. Conrad was born
in Poland, as Jozef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski, on 03 December 1857, the
son of a Polish poet and patriot. Conrad's father was arrested in 1861 for
political activism and exiled to northern Russia. His wife and toddler son
joined him. Both parents died of tuberculosis when Joseph was about 12.
An uncle raised Joseph, until the boy set out at age 17 for Marseilles,
France, where he joined the merchant marine and sailed to the West Indies.
Conrad's many harrowing adventures at sea inspired much of his work, which
would make him one of the greatest English novelist and short-story writer,
whose works include the novels Lord Jim (1900), Nostromo
(1904), and The
Secret Agent (1907) and the short story Heart
of Darkness (1902). In 1878,
when Korzeniowskij was 21, he traveled to England as a deck hand on a British
freighter. He perfected his English during six voyages on a small British
trade boat and spent 16 years with the British merchant navy. He had numerous
adventures around the world, became a British subject in 1886, and got his
first command in 1888. In 1889 he commanded a Congo River steamboat for
four months, which set the stage for his well-known story Heart of Darkness
(1902). Korzeniowskij began writing
in the late 1890s and used the name Conrad. Almayer's Folly, was
published in 1895. In 1896 he married an English woman and gave up the sea
to write full time. His work evolved from hearty sea-adventure tales to
sophisticated and pessimistic explorations of morals, personal choices,
and character. His best-known works, including Lord Jim, Nostromo and The
Secret Agent, were published between 1900 and 1911, and brought him financial
security. In A Personal Record (also titled Some
Reminiscences) Conrad relates that his first introduction to the
English language was at the age of eight, when his father was translating
the works of Shakespeare. In July 1876
he sailed to the West Indies, as a steward on the Saint-Antoine.
On this gunrunning voyage, Conrad sailed along the coast of Venezuela, memories
of which were to find a place in Nostromo.
The first mate of the vessel, a Corsican named Dominic Cervoni, was the
model for the hero of that novel and was to play a picturesque role in Conrad's
life and work. In April 1881 Conrad
joined the Palestine, a bark of 425 tons. This move proved to be
an important event in his life; it took him to the Far East for the first
time, and it was also a continuously troubled voyage, which provided him
with literary material that he would use later. Beset by gales, accidentally
rammed by a steamer, and deserted by a sizable portion of her crew, the
Palestine nevertheless had made it as far as the East Indies when her cargo
of coal caught fire and the crew had to take to the lifeboats; Conrad's
initial landing in the East, on an island off Sumatra, took place only after
a 13-1/2-hour voyage in an open boat. In 1898 Conrad published his account
of his experiences on the Palestine, with only slight alterations, as the
short story Youth,
a remarkable tale of a young officer's first command. In
1883 Conrad joined the Narcissus at Bombay. This voyage gave him
material for his novel The Nigger of the "Narcissus,", the story
of an egocentric black sailor's deterioration and death aboard ship.
In February 1887 Conrad sailed as first mate
on the Highland Forest, bound for Semarang, Java. Her captain was
John McWhirr, whom he later immortalized under the same name as the heroic,
unimaginative captain of the steamer Nan Shan in Typhoon. He then joined the Vidar, a locally owned
steamship trading among the islands of the southeast Asian archipelago.
During the five or six voyages he made in four and a half months, Conrad
was discovering and exploring the world he was to re-create in his first
novels, Almayer's
Folly, An
Outcast of the Islands, and Lord
Jim, as well as several short stories. After
leaving the Vidar Conrad unexpectedly obtained his first command, on the
Otago, sailing from Bangkok, an experience out of which he was to make his
stories The
Shadow Line and Falk.
In London in the summer of 1889, Conrad began
to write Almayer's
Folly. He interrupted that to go to the Congo Free State, which
was four years old as a political entity and already notorious as a sphere
of imperialistic exploitation. Conrad obtained the command of a Congo River
steamboat. What he saw, did, and felt in his 4 months in the Congo are largely
recorded in Heart
of Darkness, his most famous, finest, and most enigmatic story,
the title of which signifies not only the heart of Africa, the dark continent,
but also the heart of evil — everything that is corrupt, nihilistic,
malign — and perhaps the heart of man. The story is central to Conrad's
work and vision, and it is difficult not to think of his Congo experiences
as traumatic. He may have exaggerated when he said, "Before the Congo I
was a mere animal," but in a real sense the dying Kurtz's cry, "The horror!
The horror!" was Conrad's. He suffered psychological, spiritual, even metaphysical
shock in the Congo, and his physical health was also damaged; for the rest
of his life, he was racked by recurrent fever and gout.

Almayer's
Follywas published in April 1895. It was as the author of this
novel that he adopted the name Conrad. Almayer's Folly was followed
in 1896 by An
Outcast of the Islands, which repeats the theme of a foolish and
blindly superficial character meeting the tragic consequences of his own
failings in a tropical region far from the company of his fellow Europeans.
These two novels provoked a misunderstanding of Conrad's talents and purpose
which dogged him the rest of his life. Set in the Malayan archipelago, they
caused him to be labeled a writer of exotic tales, a reputation which a
series of novels and short stories about the sea — The
Nigger of the Narcissus (1897), Lord
Jim (1900), Youth
(1902), Typhoon (1902), and others — seemed only to confirm.
But, as he wrote about the Narcissus, in his view "the problem
. . . is not a problem of the sea, it is merely a problem that has risen
on board a ship where the conditions of complete isolation from all land
entanglements make it stand out with a particular force and colouring."
This is equally true of his other works; the latter part of Lord
Jim takes place in a jungle village not because the emotional and
moral problems that interest Conrad are those peculiar to jungle villages,
but because there Jim's feelings of guilt, responsibility, and insecurity
— feelings common to mankind — work themselves out with a logic
and inevitability that are enforced by his isolation. Conrad's
finest novels are considered to be Lord
Jim (1900), Nostromo
(1904), The
Secret Agent (1907), and Under Western Eyes (1911), the
last being three novels of political intrigue and romance Nostromo
(1904) is a story of revolution, politics, and financial manipulation in
a South American republic. It centers, for all its close-packed incidents,
upon one idea — the corruption of the characters by the ambitions
that they set before themselves, ambitions concerned with silver, which
forms the republic's wealth and which is the central symbol around which
the novel is organized. The ambitions range from simple greed to idealistic
desires for reform and justice. All lead to moral disaster, and the nobler
the ambition the greater its possessor's self-disgust as he realizes his
plight. Heart
of Darkness,(one of the Two Other Stories in Youth
and Two Other Stories, the third one being The End of the Tether)
which follows closely the actual For Conrad's Congo journey, tells of the
narrator's fascination by a mysterious white man, Kurtz, who, by his eloquence
and hypnotic personality, dominates the brutal tribesmen around him. Full
of contempt for the greedy traders who exploit the natives, the narrator
cannot deny the power of this figure of evil who calls forth from him something
approaching reluctant loyalty. The
Secret Agent (1907) is a sustained essay in the ironic and one
of Conrad's finest works. It deals with the equivocal world of anarchists,
police, politicians, and agents provocateurs in London. Victory
describes the unsuccessful attempts of a detached, nihilistic observer of
life to protect himself and his hapless female companion from the murderous
machinations of a trio of rogues on an isolated island. Conrad
died on 03 August 1924.
CONRAD ONLINE: [Conrad
links]

1893 Pope Leo XIII appoints Archbishop Francesco Satolli
as the Vatican's first Apostolic Delegate to the United States.

^
1891 US General reports Sioux are crushed.
General Nelson Miles, commander of the US Army troops in South Dakota,
reports that the rebellious Sioux are finally returning to their reservation
following the bloody massacre at Wounded Knee. Since the Battle of
Little Bighorn in 1876, Miles fought to force resistant Indians all
across the nation to give up their traditional ways and accept a miserable
life on government-controlled reservations. His 1876-1877 winter campaign
used force and treacherous diplomacy to win the surrender of many
of the remnants of the Sioux and Cheyenne Indian party, including
Crazy Horse and his followers, that had destroyed Custer's forces
in Montana. In 1877, Miles intercepted Chief Joseph and his Nez Percé
people as they attempted to flee to Canada and Miles forced them to
surrender. A decade later, he played a key role in convincing the
last rebellious Apache warrior, Geronimo, to accept confinement on
a Florida reservation. By 1890,
Miles had good reason to believe that he had succeeded in bringing
an end to the last remnants of Indian resistance in the United States.
Therefore, it was with growing alarm and consternation that he received
reports of the Ghost Dance movement among his old enemy, the Sioux,
on their reservations in South Dakota. Primarily a spiritual movement,
many Anglo-Americans felt threatened by the Ghost Dance because it
promised that if the Sioux returned to their traditional ways their
white oppressors would be eliminated.
As commander of the vast military division of the Missouri, Miles
was responsible for any threat posed by the Ghost Dance movement.
He reacted by concentrating his troops near the Sioux reservation
in South Dakota to maintain control of the situation while simultaneously
working to find a peaceful way to diffuse the growing tensions. Unfortunately,
Miles' decision to order the arrest of the old Sioux leader, Sitting
Bull, only exacerbated the situation when it resulted in the respected
chief's death. News of Sitting Bulls' death fanned the fears of some
Sioux that the army was preparing to wipe them out in a massive campaign
of genocide. Hundreds fled the reservation, and Miles dutifully dispatched
troops to bring them back. When the 7th Cavalry under Colonel James
Forsyth got a group of Sioux to surrender their weapons near Wounded
Knee, South Dakota. on 29 December 1890, and then brutally massacred
at least 18 children, 44 women, and 87 men.
Had he actually been present at Wounded Knee that day (Miles commanded
these events from his headquarters in Rapid City), the general might
well have been able to resolve the confrontation peacefully. Miles
viewed Wounded Knee as a foolish and avoidable blunder. To bring the
Sioux into complete subjection, Miles increased both his military
and diplomatic pressures. On 14 January 1891, the downtrodden Sioux
submitted to his authority and returned to their miserable reservation.
Nearly a quarter century after the Battle of Little Bighorn, the general
had crushed the last significant Indian uprising in American history.

1878 US Supreme court rules race separation on trains unconstitutional
1873 "Celluloid" registered as a trademark. It was
invented by John Wesley Hyatt three or four years earlier.1868
South Carolina constitutional convention, meets with a black majority 1868 North Carolina constitutional convention meets in
Raleigh 1864 General War is Hell Sherman
begins his march to the South 1864 Battle of Cosby
Creek TN 1863 Battle between gunboats at Bayou Teched
LA 1862 Début, à une séance de la Société
royale géographique de Londres, du récit de Cinq
semaines en ballon de Jules Verne.1861
Fort Pikens FL falls into state hands 1858 French
Emperor Napoleon III escapes attempt on his life by Felice Orsini, an Italian
anarchist who was later executed 1847 Conspiracy
in New Mexico against US 1814 King of Denmark cedes
Norway to King of Sweden by treaty of Kiel.1799
King of Naples flees before the advancing French armies.1799
Eli Whitney receives government contract for 10'000 muskets 1794
Dr Jessee Bennet of Edom VA, performs first successful Cesarean section
operation (on his wife) 1784 Revolutionary War ends,
Congress ratifies the Treaty of Paris (Maryland celebrates it as Ratification
Day)1783 Congress ratifies peace treaty between
US and England

1746 Bonnie Prince Charlie's army leaves Glasgow 1739 England and Spain signs 2nd Convention of Pardo 1724 Spanish King Philip V abdicates throne 1699
Massachusetts holds day of fasting to atone for the Salem
witch trials of 1692.1690 Johann Christoph Denner,
of Nürnberg, improves the target="_blank">chalumeau, which he will later
develop into the clarinet 1659 During the Regency
of D. Luisa de Gusmão, Portuguese D. Sancho Manuel, Count of Vila Flor and
D, António de Meneses, Count of Cantanhede defeat the Spanish army in the
battle of Linhas de Elvas.

For as much as it hath pleased Almighty God by the wise disposition
of his divine providence so to order and dispose of things that we the
Inhabitants and Residents of Windsor, Hartford and Wethersfield are now
cohabiting and dwelling in and upon the River of Connectecotte and the
lands thereunto adjoining; and well knowing where a people are gathered
together the word of God requires that to maintain the peace and union
of such a people there should be an orderly and decent Government established
according to God, to order and dispose of the affairs of the people at
all seasons as occasion shall require; do therefore associate and conjoin
ourselves to be as one Public State or Commonwealth; and do for ourselves
and our successors and such as shall be adjoined to us at any time hereafter,
enter into Combination and Confederation together, to maintain and preserve
the liberty and purity of the Gospel of our Lord Jesus which we now profess,
as also, the discipline of the Churches, which according to the truth
of the said Gospel is now practiced amongst us; as also in our civil affairs
to be guided and governed accordinbg to such Laws, Rules, Orders and Decrees
as shall be made, ordered, and decreed as followeth:

It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that there shall be yearly
two General Assemblies or Courts, the one the second Thursday in April,
the other the second Thursday in September following; the first shall
be called the Court of Election, wherein shall be yearly chosen from
time to time, so many Magistrates and other public Officers as shall
be found requisite: Whereof one to be chosen Governor for the year ensuing
and until another be chosen, and no other Magistrate to be chosen for
more than one year: provided always there be six chosen besides the
Governor, which being chosen and sworn according to an Oath recorded
for that purpose, shall have the power to administer justice according
to the Laws here established, and for want thereof, according to the
Rule of the Word of God; which choice shall be made by all that are
admitted freemen and have taken the Oath of Fidelity, and do cohabit
within this Jurisdiction having been admitted Inhabitants by the major
part of the Town wherein they live or the major part of such as shall
be then present.

It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that the election of the aforesaid
Magistrates shall be in this manner: every person present and qualified
for choice shall bring in (to the person deputed to receive them) one
single paper with the name of him written in it whom he desires to have
Governor, and that he that hath the greatest number of papers shall
be Governor for that year. And the rest of the Magistrates or public
officers to be chosen in this manner: the Secretary for the time being
shall first read the names of all that are to be put to choice and then
shall severally nominate them distinctly, and every one that would have
the person nominated to be chosen shall bring in one single paper written
upon, and he that would not have him chosen shall bring in a blank;
and every one that hath more written papers than blanks shall be a Magistrate
for that year; which papers shall be received and told by one or more
that shall be then chosen by the court and sworn to be faithful therein;
but in case there should not be six chosen as aforesaid, besides the
Governor, out of those which are nominated, than he or they which have
the most writen papers shall be a Magistrate or Magistrates for the
ensuing year, to make up the aforesaid number.

It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that the Secretary shall not
nominate any person, nor shall any person be chosen newly into the Magistracy
which was not propounded in some General Court before, to be nominated
the next election; and to that end it shall be lawful for each of the
Towns aforesaid by their deputies to nominate any two whom they conceive
fit to be put to election; and the Court may add so many more as they
judge requisite.

It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that no person be chosen Governor
above once in two years, and that the Governor be always a member of
some approved Congregation, and formerly of the Magistracy within this
Jurisdiction; and that all the Magistrates, Freemen of this Commonwealth;
and that no Magistrate or other public officer shall execute any part
of his or their office before they are severally sworn, which shall
be done in the face of the court if they be present, and in case of
absence by some deputed for that purpose.

It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that to the aforesaid Court
of Election the several Towns shall send their deputies, and when the
Elections are ended they may proceed in any public service as at other
Courts. Also the other General Court in September shall be for making
of laws, and any other public occasion, which concerns the good of the
Commonwealth.

It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that the Governor shall, either
by himself or by the Secretary, send out summons to the Constables of
every Town for the calling of these two standing Courts one month at
least before their several times: And also if the Governor and the greatest
part of the Magistrates see cause upon any special occasion to call
a General Court, they may give order to the Secretary so to do within
fourteen days' warning: And if urgent necessity so required, upon a
shorter notice, giving sufficient grounds for it to the deputies when
they meet, or else be questioned for the same; And if the Governor and
major part of Magistrates shall either neglect or refuse to call the
two General standing Courts or either of them, as also at other times
when the occasions of the Commonwealth require, the Freemen thereof,
or the major part of them, shall petition to them so to do; if then
it be either denied or neglected, the said Freemen, or the major part
of them, shall have the power to give order to the Constables of the
several Towns to do the same, and so may meet together, and choose to
themselves a Moderator, and may proceed to do any act of power which
any other General Courts may.

It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that after there are warrants
given out for any of the said General Courts, the Constable or Constables
of each Town, shall forthwith give notice distinctly to the inhabitants
of the same, in some public assembly or by going or sending from house
to house, that at a place and time by him or them limited and set, they
meet and assemble themselves together to elect and choose certain deputies
to be at the General Court then following to agitate the affairs of
the Commonwealth; which said deputies shall be chosen by all that are
admitted Inhabitants in the several Towns and have taken the oath of
fidelity; provided that none be chosen a Deputy for any General Court
which is not a Freeman of this Commonwealth.
The aforesaid deputies shall be chosen
in manner following: every person that is present and qualified as before
expressed, shall bring the names of such, written in several papers,
as they desire to have chosen for that employment, and these three or
four, more or less, being the number agreed on to be chosen for that
time, that have the greatest number of papers written for them shall
be deputies for that Court; whose names shall be endorsed on the back
side of the warrant and returned into the Court, with the Constable
or Constables' hand unto the same.

It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that Windsor, Hartford, and
Wethersfield shall have power, each Town, to send four of their Freemen
as their deputies to every General Court; and Whatsoever other Town
shall be hereafter added to this Jurisdiction, they shall send so many
deputies as the Court shall judge meet, a reasonable proportion to the
number of Freemen that are in the said Towns being to be attended therein;
which deputies shall have the power of the whole Town to give their
votes and allowance to all such laws and orders as may be for the public
good, and unto which the said Towns are to be bound.

It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that the deputies thus chosen
shall have power and liberty to appoint a time and a place of meeting
together before any General Court, to advise and consult of all such
things as may concern the good of the public, as also to examine their
own Elections, whether according to the order, and if they or the greatest
part of them find any election to be illegal they may seclude such for
present from their meeting, and return the same and their reasons to
the Court; and if it be proved true, the Court may fine the party or
parties so intruding, and the Town, if they see cause, and give out
a warrant to go to a new election in a legal way, either in part or
in whole. Also the said deputies shall have power to fine any that shall
be disorderly at their meetings, or for not coming in due time or place
according to appointment; and they may return the said fines into the
Court if it be refused to be paid, and the Treasurer to take notice
of it, and to escheat or levy the same as he does other fines.

It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that every General Court, except
such as through neglect of the Governor and the greatest part of the
Magistrates the Freemen themselves do call, shall consist of the Governor,
or some one chosen to moderate the Court, and four other Magistrates
at least, with the major part of the deputies of the several Towns legally
chosen; and in case the Freemen, or major part of them, through neglect
or refusal of the Governor and major part of the Magistrates, shall
call a Court, it shall consist of the major part of Freemen that are
present or their deputiues, with a Moderator chosen by them: In which
said General Courts shall consist the supreme power of the Commonwealth,
and they only shall have power to make laws or repeal them, to grant
levies, to admit of Freemen, dispose of lands undisposed of, to several
Towns or persons, and also shall have power to call either Court or
Magistrate or any other person whatsoever into question for any misdemeanor,
and may for just causes displace or deal otherwise according to the
nature of the offense; and also may deal in any other matter that concerns
the good of this Commonwealth, except election of Magistrates, which
shall be done by the whole body of Freemen.
In which Court the Governor or Moderator
shall have power to order the Court, to give liberty of speech, and
silence unseasonable and disorderly speakings, to put all things to
vote, and in case the vote be equal to have the casting voice. But none
of these Courts shall be adjourned or dissolved without the consent
of the major part of the Court.

It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that when any General Court
upon the occasions of the Commonwealth have agreed upon any sum, or
sums of money to be levied upon the several Towns within this Jurisdiction,
that a committee be chosen to set out and appoint what shall be the
proportion of every Town to pay of the said levy, provided the committee
be made up of an equal number out of each Town.

14 January 1639 the 11 Orders above said are voted.

1601
Church authorities burn Hebrew books in Rome 1529
Spanish reformer Juan de Valdes, 29, published his Dialogue on Christian
Doctrine, which paved the way in Spain for Protestant ideas. But his
treatise was condemned by the Spanish Inquisition, and Valdes was forced
to flee Spain, never to return. 1526 Charles V
[< click on left icon for portrait] and François I [click
on right icon for portrait >] sign Treaty of Madrid; François
I forced to give up claims in Burgundy, Italy and Flanders.

2005 Cpl. Paul C. Holter III, 21, of Corpus Christi,
Texas, died Jan. 14, in a non-combat accident at Camp Ramadi, Iraq. He was
assigned to 2nd Battalion, 11th Marine Regiment, 1st Marine Division, I
Marine Expeditionary Force, Camp Pendleton, California. — (060113)2004
US Army Sgt. Keicia Coleman Hines, 27 [photo >],
struck by a vehicle on an airfield in Mosul, Iraq. From Citrus Heights,
California, she was serving in the 108th military police combat support
company.2004 Four Israelis: border police Staff
Sgt. Vladimir Trostinsky, 22, of Rehovot; Israel Defense
Forces Staff Sgt. Tzur Or, 20, of Rishon Letzion; IDF Corp.Andrei
Kegeles, 19, of Nahariya; and security guard Gal Shapira,
28, of Ashkelon; and suicide bomber, Reem Salah Raiyshi, 22, Palestinian
mother of an 18-month-old girl and a 3-year-old boy, and whose husband left
two months earlier after a fight with the rest of the family. At the Erez
Crossing checkpoint between Gaza and Israel, she set off a metal detector,
said that she had metal pins in her leg to repair a fracture, was taken
to a search room, and there exploded. She is the first woman suicide bomber
of Hamas. Twelve persons, including some Palestinians, are wounded. Israel
immediately expels the 6000 Palestinians at work in an Israeli-occupied
industrial zone next to the border crossing and for several days prohibits
the entry of Palestinians from Gaza, except for humanitarian cases.2004 Tom Hurndall, 22, who was in a vegetative state in
a London hospital, after being shot in the forehead nine months earlier
by an Israeli soldier, as Hurndall was in Gaza's Rafah refugee camp.photographing
the work of his fellow activists of the International Solidarity Movement.
He had just then tried to help children out of the path of an Israeli tank.2003 Jane M. Baustista, 41, strangled by her sons Jason
Baustista, 20, and his half-brother, 15, in Riverside, California. They
then cut off her head and hands which they hide in the apartment of the
three, and dump the body in an Orange County ravine.2003
Detective Constable Stephen Oake, 40, stabbed 8 times with
a kitchen knife by Kamel Bourgass, 27, who is trying to escape during a
search of an apartment in Manchester, England, which was used by him and
other terrorists. Another four of the 15 policemen (all unarmed and lacking
body armor) conducting the search are injured. In June 2004, Bourgass would
be convicted of the murder. In a separate trial, he would be convicted,
on 08 April 2005, of having planned to use the poison ricin, of which ingredients
and a recipe for making were found during the search, as well as recipes
for the manufacture of botulinum, nicotine poison, and rotten meat poison.2002
Raed al-Karmi, 28, an al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades leader in Tulkarem,
West Bank, who had survived an Israeli missile attack which killed two other
with him in his SUV on 06 September 2001 [< 07 Sep 2001 photo].
Karmi received a phone call telling him to go outside. He is killed when
an Israeli secret services bomb on a cemetery wall near his house explodes
as he walks past. Karmi's body is torn by shrapnel and one leg is ripped
off. The bomb was planted by Palestinian woman Rajaa Ibrahim, 18, according
to al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades militants, who murder her on 30 August 2002.
1991 Sallah Kharaf [Abu Iyad], co-founder (Al-Fatah),
assassinated 1988 Georgi M Malenkov, 86, PM of USSR
(1953-1955) 1978 Kurt
Gödel, mathematician.1977 Anthony Eden,
79, British premier (1955-57)1977 Abdul Razak bin Hussain,
53, premier of Malaysia (1970-77) 1977 Anaïs Nin,
73, Cuban/American writer (Delta of Venus)1972 Frederik IX
[Christiaan FFMKW], 72, king of Denmark (1947-72) 1970 Feller,
mathematician.1969 25 crew members of US aircraft carrier
Enterprise, from explosion, during maneuvers 1949:
141 die in Black / Indian race rebellion in Durban, South Africa. 1949 Joaquín Turina, 66, Spanish pianist/conductor/composer
(Rima) 1944 Mohammed Emin Yurdakul, 74, Turkish
poet.1944 German M/S Wittekind, bombed
and sunk by British aircraft while sailing from Narvik to Germany. The ship
had been built in 1906 for the Norwegian company Wilh. Wilhelmsen (of Tønsberg)
as its 2nd M/S Tricolor and sold in 1925 to Germany, where it was
renamed.
Their 2nd Tricolor (built 1906) had been sold to Germany in 1925 and renamed
Wittekind, bombed and sunk by British aircraft on Jan. 14-1944 on a voyage
Narvik-Germany.
Their 2nd Tricolor (built 1906) had been sold to Germany in 1925 and renamed
Wittekind, bombed and sunk by British aircraft on Jan. 14-1944 on a voyage
Narvik-Germany.

^1935 Heinrich Schenker,
Austrian music theorist born on 19 June 1868 in Russia.
His insights into the structural hierarchies underlying much of 18th-
and 19th-century music led to a new understanding of the laws of melodic
and harmonic construction and form. Schenker was not well known in
his time; he worked as a private teacher in Austria. He studied composition
under Anton Bruckner [04 Sep 1824 – 11 Oct 1896] and was an
accompanist before turning his energies to the exploration of the
fundamental principles of musical organization and coherence.
Taking works of the 18th and 19th centuries
as models of musical perfection, he based his analyses on the compositions
of the masters of tonal harmony (prevalent from 1650 to 1900). In
this connection he edited works of J.S. Bach [21 Mar 1685 –
28 Jul 1750] and G.F. Handel [23 Feb 1685 – 14 Apr 1759] and
the piano sonatas of Ludwig van Beethoven [17 Dec 1770 – 26
Mar 1827]. His theoretical writings include essays on particular works,
among them “Beethovens neunte Sinfonie” (1912) and the
monumental Neue musikalische Theorien und Phantasien (three
sections, 1906–35). Schenker's most important theory, expounded
in Das Meisterwerk in der Musik, was that great musical compositions
grow from a single idea and that their contrasting themes represent
only a different aspect of this one basic thought. His hypotheses
greatly influenced 20th-century theoreticians.

1989 Sextuplets Paris France, (to a 29-year-old woman)1940 Julian Bond, US civil rights activist.1926
Thomas Tryon Hartford CT, actor/novelist (I Married a Monster from
Outer Space, Cardinal, All That Glitters, The Other) 1916 John Oliver Killens novelist 1913 Tillie Olsen American writer (Tell Me a Riddle) 1912 Rudolf Hagelstange German author/poet (Spielball
der Götter) 1907 Derek Richter British neuro chemist (Aspects of learning
& memory) 1902 Alfred
Tarski, Warsaw, mathematician / logician 1899 Carlos Peña Romulo, Philippine general, diplomat,
and journalist known for his activities on behalf of the Allies during World
War II and his later work with the United Nations. Romulo's autobiography
I Walked With Heroes was published in 1961. Romulo died on 15 December
1985.

Thoughts for the day:Sin has many tools, but a lie is the handle which fits
them all.
The lesson to be drawn from sayings like this one, is that there is no lesson
to be drawn from sayings like this one.