The
legends of Easter Island say that Hotu Matua came first came ashore here
at Anakena Beach and that this was the island's first settlement. Excavations
of the site have confirmed that it had been occupied for a very long time.
The current ahu is built upon the remains of several others and the same
precise stone work is found in the buried ahu as that of Ahu Vinapu. Again,
this is curious because one would expect the more advanced stonework work
have been done during later periods of the island's development.

What is striking
about the statues at Ahu Naunau are the red scoria headdress's (known
as Pukao) that fit on the moai heads. These were carved from a different
quarry than those of the moai that contained a large quantities of the
red lava rock. Many of the moai on the island originally had pukao and
they are found alongside the fallen statues in many sites. It is believe
that they where installed by building a ramp of stones up the side of
an erected moai and then rolled up where they could be placed on the top.
Afterwards the ramp was disassembled.

As
for why the Rapa Nui began putting the pukao on selected moai remains a
mystery. Heyerdahl, referring too the mysterious red headed race that was
reported on the island concluded that they represented topknots of red hair.
Other archeologists point to the tradition of placing a large stone on the
image of a dead leader as a sign of death and mourning.

The
statues at Ahu Naunau are also known for the detailed carvings on their
backs. Along with traditional loin cloth reliefs are fishhook patterns that
are found on none of the other statues.
The
detail work in the statues at Ahu Naunau is truly remarkable. Precisely
chiseled facial features, the now familiar long ears and thin lips are
all carved on the Ahu Naunau statues to a degree not seen at other sites.
Although, not the biggest of the moai, they are clearly the most refined.
A fitting tribute if this is, indeed, the site of Rapa Nui's first settlement.

It was at
Anakena that one of the island's secrets was finally discovered. Archeologist
long puzzled over the deep eye sockets of the moai that had been erected.
Could it be that the moai had in fact had eyes?

In 1978,
a student named Sonia Haoa found fragments of worked coral and a red disk
made out of scoria, the same material used to make the pukao. When fitted
together they made an unmistakable eye. She brought the fragments to archeologist
Segio Rapu who discovered they fit precisely in the eye socket of a moai.
So, the moai did have eyes, although, it is unclear if they were permanent
fixtures of the statues or placed in them only on ceremonial occasions
as is done now on the island with replicas of the eyes.

The most complete eye found to date, on view at
the museum on Easter Island