Over the past 20 years of working with goalies I have seen certain
errors that turn up in all levels of hockey from mite to pro. These
errors are concepts that must be adhered to no matter what style of
play a goalie chooses to play. I strongly believe in teaching via
concepts so the goalie can instinctively understand what he or she
must do to be successful. I hope the following categories are
helpful.

1. GLIDING

Many problems in net are a result of the goalie failing to get good
footing. Most goalies have a case of "Happy Feet". Their feet are
gliding slowly backwards as a play enters the defensive zone so the
weight moves to the heels. If a quick shot is taken, the weight on
the heels prevents the goalie from getting good extension to the
corners of the net since he or she is leaning backwards. The other
problem with gliding is that the goalie winds up moving farther away
from the puck and will have to reach farther to get to a well-placed
shot. Obviously with the weight on the heels a goalie cannot reach a
shot easily if he or she is gliding backwards away form the shooting
angle.

2. DROPPING THE HANDS

Almost every goalie fails to keep the hands in front of the body.
All goalies look great in their stances until they have to move to
the puck. The reason you want to keep the hands ahead of you is that
you can meet the puck earlier where it is not too far away from the
body. If you try to catch or deflect a puck that has already passed
behind you, as you know, it is very hard to do. There is so much
wasted energy by goalies who move their hands around from where they
should have been in the first place. If the hands can stay ahead of
you, you can see where they are with your peripheral vision. This
means you can watch the puck all the way into the glove or blocker
without taking your eyes off the puck to find your hands. A lot of
goalies also rest their hands on the tops of their leg pads. The
catching glove is not in the lane of a puck headed to a top corner
when it rests on the pad and the blocker on the pad will prevent the
goalie from protecting the top stick-side corner. When a goalie has
the blocker thumb resting on the pad, the blocker arm will roll
backwards as the goalie turns to play a shot on that side. The
blocker must be moved to the puck, not rolled backwards away from
the shooting angle. The hands must be independent of the lower body
in order to catch and deflect well. In tight, the hands must stay
ahead of the body when butterflying or playing paddle-down. If you
drop the hands straight down and you try to make a close-in pad
save, the upper corners will be wide open since the hands are not
protecting the top shelf.

3. FAILURE TO TURN THE HEAD & BACK SHOULDERS INTO SAVES

When you fail to turn your head and back shoulders in the direction
of your save attempt, you lose a foot or reach for extension. This
habit begins in practice when you do a lot of rapid fire drills
where you can't fully follow the shot because another play is right
behind the first shooters. Goalies start making saves out of the
corner of their eyes because they are worried about the next play.
This is a really bad habit. Learn to turn your head and fully see
the save you are attempting to make. The back shoulder must also
turn in the direction of the save in order to get the most extension
from the body. The turn of the back shoulder also allows you to gain
a full field of vision since your head will turn at the same time
the back shoulder does. By learning to turn the head and really
watch the puck, you will have more controlled saves. It should be
obvious to watch the puck, but this is not done all the time.
Goalies "assume" they are looking the puck into the glove or pads,
but they are already thinking ahead to their next play so they fail
to concentrate completely. How many errors do you see in baseball
because a fielder is thinking about the throw before they catch the
ball? Goalies do the same thing.

4. RETREATING

Too many goalies are in a hurry to back into the net. A shooter
approaches the blue line and the goalie panics and retreats to the
net. If the goalie is a few feet beyond the top of the crease
initially, it should only take a stride or two to get to the top of
the crease where he or she wants to make the save. When goalies
retreat before the puck arrives at the hashmarks or the bottom of
the face-off circle, the shooter gains more shooting angle. Be
patient and stay your ground.

5. OVER-USING BUTTERFLY & PADDLE-DOWN SAVES

Don't get me wrong here, I think pad saves are very important in
hockey today since many scoring chances are near the goalmouth where
coverage down low is important. That being said, most goalies commit
to the butterfly or paddle-down too early. These save techniques are
most effective when the puck is being released close to the goalie's
body. When the goalie drops and the puck is more than a few feet
away, the shooter has space to go top shelf or to make a quick deke
around the goalie's prone body. Make the shooter get close and then
attack into the shooter's stick so holes in your body are minimized.

6. SLOPPY SAVES

It is obviously important to make saves. If you are able to make
saves 90% of the time, that's terrific, but are you controlling the
puck? There are many goalies who get in the way of the puck, but if
they always let pucks lie around in the front of the net or direct
rebounds to the opposing players or fail to tie up loose pucks when
possible, goals will go in that don't have to. These mistakes are
not always obvious. For example, a goalie may knock out a rebound
off a routine blocker save and the other team may gain control of
the puck and score off a great slot play. People say the goalie
couldn't stop the slot shot and forget that if the goalie didn't
cough up the routine shot in the first place, there would not have
been a scoring play in the slot. Don't be sloppy because you never
know when a mistake will come back to haunt you.

7. POOR ANGLES

Each and every goalie must know where they are standing and why. I
won't go into the science of the angles here, but the goalie should
have a plan. If the goalie doesn't know why or where he or she is
standing, concentration on the shot is affected. If a goalie is
having an internal conversation about where to stand, he or she will
not be relaxed enough to make the save. The goalie should understand
the shooter's options based on whether the puckcarrier is a right
hand shot or left hand shot. This knowledge makes save attempts
easier since the goalie knows what choices the shooter has to make
and simply takes away the option the opponent goes with.

8. LACK OF EFFORT

This shouldn't be an issue but it is. Many goalies are too
technical. While I know the importance of good goalie coaching, the
intangible that has to be there for every goalie is effort. The
goalie must not like being scored upon and be desperate to stop the
puck. If the goalie gets faked out, all the rules get thrown out the
window and the goalie must get to the puck whatever way possible.
Dominik Hasek is a great example of controlled desperation. Sure he
is unorthodox, but he is crazy like a fox. Even when scrambling
around he still uses goalie techniques of attacking space, knowing
the shooters options and reading what the shooter will likely do. He
can make a great technical save or make a great athletic desperation
save. He adapts to the situation and refuses to accept a goal going
in until the red light proves otherwise.

9. POOR STUDENT OF THE GAME

Just because you are a goalie doesn't mean you don't learn all about
team systems in all three zones. A smart goalie can recognize
breakdowns long before a shot on goal occurs. If the goalie sees
there is no backchecker on a three on two, the smart goalie knows a
pass to the trailer is likely. If the goalie sees all three of his
forwards get caught deep in the offensive zone, he or she knows a
three on two break is likely. If the goalie sees a breakdown in his
team's break out, he or she can plan for a giveaway and opposition
scoring chance. Pay attention to all details of the game because it
will make you a better goalie.

10. NO ON-ICE PRESENCE

Here is my favorite concept when it comes to evaluating goalies. How
does the goalie carry him or herself on the ice? Does the goalie
exude confidence? Does it appear that the goalie is a leader? Is the
goalie poised in adverse situations? Does the goalie like to compete
or does he or she look scared, hesitant or shaky? When I see a
goalie who has confidence and some athletic ability to go with it, I
am impressed. There are plenty of goalies who look like they should
be good, but aren't. There are many goalies who look like they
shouldn't be good, but are. Presence is important. Not being afraid
to compete to make the saves that need to be made is important. Do
you have presence?