Hugo Grotius (1583-1645), "the miracle of Holland," used to be well-known as a baby prodigy, theologian, historian, Dutch political determine, escaped political prisoner, and eventually as Sweden's Ambassador to France. Addressing his contribution to diplomacy, this publication seriously reappraises Grotius' suggestion, evaluating it to his predecessors and reading it within the context of the wars and controversies of his time.

In early smooth clinical texts, severe unfulfilled erotic hope is held to be a true and virulent affliction: it truly is labeled as a species of depression, with actual etiologies and therapies. Lesel Dawson analyzes literary representations of lovesickness when it comes to scientific principles approximately hope and wider questions on gender and id, exploring the various ways in which hope is thought to take root within the physique, how gender roles are encoded and contested in courtship, and the psychic pains and pleasures of pissed off ardour.

Groups have usually formed themselves round cultural areas set aside and declared sacred. For this function, church buildings, clergymen or students a minimum of writers often perform giving sacred figures a neighborhood habitation and, occasionally, voice or identify. yet no matter what websites, rites, pictures or narratives have therefore been developed, in addition they bring up a few complicated questions: how can the sacred be offered and but guarded, claimed but hid, staged in public and while saved particular?

Anglo-Saxon keyword phrases provides a sequence of entries that show the hyperlinks among glossy principles and scholarship and the imperative strategies of Anglo-Saxon literature, language, and fabric tradition. finds vital hyperlinks among critical innovations of the Anglo-Saxon interval and matters we predict approximately at the present time finds how fabric culture—the background of work, medication, know-how, identification, masculinity, intercourse, nutrients, land use—is as very important because the heritage of principles bargains a richly theorized method that intersects with many disciplines inside and out of medieval reviews content material:

Additional resources for National Identities and Travel in Victorian Britain

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Steamers became popular even within Britain, especially if one's destination was the Western Isles or the Highlands of Scotland, where there was many gaps in the road and rail networks. 64 One could also secure steamship service to Scotland from London and Liverpool. Despite the advantages of water transport and the prevalence of road travel, the railway eclipsed both over the course of the nineteenth century. Passenger rail travel on a large scale began first in Britain in 1830 with the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway.

Police in Geneva told Sanderson Walker that he could not return to Paris via Lyons as planned, because he was coming from Italy and thus needed a French ambassador's permission. Obtaining the required permission meant travelling to Turin or Berne, as no French ambassador resided in Geneva. Walker's only other choice was to return to England via Germany. An equally frustrating encounter with officialdom occurred earlier when he was on his way to Italy. At the border between Austria and the Papal Territories, Walker and a friend were stopped because they did not have a bill of health from Venice.

Switzerland was also slow in constructing rail lines (only after 1855) due more to jealousies between cantons and legal difficulties in procuring land than to obstacles presented by the mountainous terrain. Even in states such as France where rail travel was relatively extensive, it remained intermittent on most routes until the end of the century. ' Thus when on land, most Victorian tourists had to combine road and rail travel, as did Fanny Kemble on her journey from Dieppe to Paris in 1847. She had to endure the discomforts of diligence travelling as far as Rouen's railway station where her lumbering vehicle was lifted off its wheels and placed, passengers, luggage and all, onto a wheeled platform attached to the train.