SURETYSHIP –
Arrabo." The liability, contract, or undertaking of one who becomes a surety. Reference to a surety occurs only once in the Pentateuch; namely, in Gen. xliii. 9, where Judah tells Jacob that he will be surety for Benjamin's safe...

SUSANNA, THE HISTORY OF –
One of the books of the Protestant Apocrypha; entitled in some manuscripts "The Judgment of Daniel." The Greek text is extant in two recensions: that of the Septuagint (given only in the Codex Chisianus) and that of Theodotion....

SUSPENDED LETTERS –
There are four suspended or elevated ("teluyah") letters in the Hebrew Bible: (1) the "nun" in , in Judges xviii. 30; (2) the "'ayin" in , in Ps. lxxx. 13; (3) the "'ayin" in , in Job xxxviii. 13; and (4) the "'ayin" in , ib....

SÜSSKIND, ALEXANDER B. SOLOMON WIMPFEN –
Wealthy citizen of Frankfort-on-the-Main, and a resident of Worms in the second half of the thirteenth century; died on the Day of Atonement, 1307. He spent almost his entire fortune in ransoming the body of Meïr of Rothenburg,...

SÜSSKIND (SUEZKINT) OF TRIMBERG –
German minnesinger; flourished in the second half of the thirteenth century, or, according to Graetz, about 1200. He is called after his birthplace Trimberg, a town with a castle of the same name, in Franconia, near Würzburg....

SUSSMANN, ABRAHAM BEN JOSEPH –
Shoḥeṭ in London in the first half of the nineteenth century. He wrote a commentary on Yoreh De'ah in four parts, which were entitled respectively "Sifte Zahab," "Adne Zahab," "Lebushe Tebu'ah," and "Lebushe Serad." He also...

SUSSMANN, LÖB BEN MOSES –
Printer of the eighteenth century. In 1750 he established a Hebrew press in the printing-office of Johann Jansen in Amsterdam, and Baruch ben Eliezer Lippmann Wiener and his sons Jacob and Ḥayyim worked for him. A few years...

SUSSMANN, SHABBETHAI BEN ELIEZER –
Scholar of the eighteenth century. He compiled under the title "Me'ir Natib" (Altona, 1793-1802) a general index, in three volumes, to the tosafot to the entire Talmud. In the introduction to this work he mentions as other works...

SUTRO, ABRAHAM –
German rabbi; born at Brück, near Erlangen, July 5, 1784; died at Münster Oct. 10, 1869. He studied in the yeshibot of Fürth and Prague, and was in 1814 appointed teacher in Reichensachsen by the then existing consistory of...

SUTRO, ADOLPH HEINRICH JOSEPH –
Süsskind of Trimberg Before Church Dignitaries.(From a thirteenth-century manuscript.)American mechanical engineer; born at Aix-la-Chapelle, Rhenish Prussia, April 29, 1830; died at San Francisco Aug. 8, 1898; educated in his...

SUTRO, ALFRED –
English author and dramatist; born in London about 1870; educated at the City of London School and in Brussels. He began his career with a series of translations of Maeterlinck's works, all of which except the dramas he has...

SUTRO, THEODORE –
American lawyer; born at Aix-la-Chapelle, Prussia, March 14, 1845. When only five years of age he emigrated with his parents to the United States, and was educated at Harvard University, from which he graduated in 1871, and in...

SVÁB, KARL –
Hungarian landed proprietor, and member of the Hungarian Upper House; born at Csongrad in 1829; educated at the real-school of Budapest. In 1846 he began to devote himself to agriculture, but two years later he took part, as...

SWALLOW –
Rendering in the English versions for "deror" (Ps. lxxxiv. 4 [A. V. 3]; Prov. xxvi. 2) and for "sus" or "sis" (Isa. xxxviii. 14: Jer. viii. 7 [A. V. "crane"]). There are about ten species of swallow (Hirundinidœ) and the closely...