alithis direction, toward me/us, coming --- both of space or time; of space, where ali lends a meaning component of this-direction, e.g. daw ‘go’, daw ali ‘come’; of time, where ali lends a meaning component of future; give it here! Give it to me!
(PAN: *aRi)

em-potiwhite; also of light hues such as yellow, pink, pastel blue and green
(PMP: *putiq)

en-sagapsaprough to the taste, tongue --- describes the unpleasant feeling some things give in the mouth (as hair on meat, bone in fish, peeling of some beans that come off, stone or husk in cooked rice)
(PPH: *sagapsap)

ilitown; sometimes esp. the municipio town center as opposed to the barrios/barangays; (also any geopolitical unit, as province or country, e.g. ili ni hapon ‘the country of the Japanese’)
(PMP: *híli)

i-sapatto put something up to a higher place --- especially of putting rice bundles up into the attic granary or on the sapat-an drying rack; more broadly, of putting cargo on top of a bus
(PPH: *sapat₁)

i-sapo(in butchering) to cut an animal into basic large portions, to quarter it
(PPH: *sapuq)

i-toroto point to, point out, show something -- especially of that done with a gesture of the hand, eyes, etc; to indicate, tell someone -- especially to a go-between -- whom one wants to marry
(PAN: *tuzuq₁)

kapkapto grope, feel for something with the hands without light and without seeing (as in a dark room, in one’s pockets for money, in walking along in the dark; this word has decided sexual connotations without proper context, since the word is used of intimate caressing; method of fishing and gathering shrimp and crabs , i.e. use of the bare hands
(PAN: *kapkap)

kara-showaspirit of a living person; turns into kedariŋ/kaleshiŋ at death
(PMP: *duha)
*duSa

ka-siyamthe ninth day of the aresag/siling funeral ritual
(PPH: *siám)

katirooster that is trained to lure sabag wild roosters (usually small size since the sabag might not fight a big rooster); the kati is tied so that when the sabag approaches to fight it is snared (done at dawn)
(PPH: *kátiq)

katirooster that is trained to lure sabag wild roosters (usually small size since the sabag might not fight a big rooster); the kati is tied so that when the sabag approaches to fight it is snared (done at dawn)
(PPH: *káti)

kiyewtree; in some contexts kiyew is generic for all trees, but also kiyew can be specific in contrast with kadasan, non-pine trees; wood; firewood, wood for fuel
(PMP: *kahiw)
*kaSiw

kiyew-ancommunal forest, place to get wood for fuel and lumber for house construction (all forest not owned by someone belongs to the community, and anyone can get wood and forest products there)
(PWMP: *kahiw-an)
*kaSiw

Koloncogon grass, Imperata cylindrica (young shoots can be eaten cooked; the roots, which contain starch and sugars, are easy to chew; the sikpot flowers are eaten by children; used also in certain areas for roofing)
(PMP: *guRun)

ma-dketsharp, as a blade that bites into wood or bamboo, instead of bouncing off
(PPH: *ma-deket)
*dekeC

ma-iwilto be tilted, listing to one side, skewed, leaning at an angle of less than 90 degrees instead of nicely vertical (as flagpole, plant whose roots have been eaten away, basket set wrongly on one’s back)
(NEAR)

me-malpalthe traditional way to kill a chicken for ceremonies by striking it with a stick or knife handle around its body, head, neck, wings --- softly, but the head blows kill; the blows cause swelling and improve taste
(PPH: *palpál₁)

nini and its inflected forms (niya, nita, nima) and its specific form nonta are together the source set of articles; at the clause level, indicates that the part of the clause that is marked by the ni article is non-topic and non-location, or is a time phrase; in genitive (or qualifying) phrases marks part-whole relations (e.g. atep ni baley ‘roof of the house’)
(PAN: *ni)

pokpokscare device for rice birds—constructed of two bamboo halves cut lengthwise to the middle, where a notch is cut to allow the halves to open and close; when the bayon line is pulled one half moves with the line, and when it is released it hits back against the other half, making a clapping sound
(PAN: *pukpuk)

posoheart (regarded as the seat of various emotions, as love, sympathy, generosity)
(PMP: *pusuq₁)

pospos-ento finish something, come to the end of something --- of serial actions (as taking the prescribed number of pills), or of something that can be viewed as serial (as climbing rope, planting field)
(PWMP: *puspus₁)

sheketto cause something to adhere (as adhesive tape); to stick --- especially of food that sticks to cooking pots; hard, thin mass of rice that sticks to the pot after cooking; (fig.) very sharp blade (as bolo) that bites into wood or bamboo, instead of bouncing off
(PMP: *deket₁)
*dekeC

siraviand, i.e. non-staple food that is eaten along with rice, other cereal, camote, taro at a meal; includes primary meat or fish and vegetables; functionally, food that induces appetite for the filling staple food
(PPH: *siraq₂)

tabastrimmings, remnant, that remaining of something (as piece of cloth, galvanized sheeting) after the desirable piece has been removed; the “cut” of a person, i.e. his nature, characteristics
(PWMP: *tabas₂)

tadtar-ento cut, chop something into pieces; to cut on, draw blade across something with repeated motions (as in maliciously ruining the sleeve of a jacket); to cut up meat into small pieces --- an important step in butchering
(PPH: *tadtad-én)
*tadtád

tama-anto hit on, especially of something done timely, fortuitously (as selling one’s vegetables when the price is high; or hitting on the ‘heart of the matter’); such a fortuitous happening, as with gold strikes
(PAN: *tama₁)

tastasto dismantle something --- esp. of a house prior to moving it to another site, and roofing material prior to changing it, but also of such as clothing that is unstitched and resewn
(PWMP: *tastas)

tata-ŋfather --- esp. as a term of address or a term of endearment; term of respect for village elders
(PAN: *tata₁)

taʔnay ~ tanʔaya bundle of rice stalks; at harvest the rice is cut along with enough of the stalk to give it a “handle”; a taɁnay, though varying in size from place to place, is a local standard of measure
(PPH: *taq(e)nay)

tebelkind of tree with wide leaves and plentiful fruit that is not edible (revered traditionally as important to water; planted around water sources, and said to increase water where it is, esp. in wet ground)
(PPH: *tebéR)

tedothree --- the cardinal number; three stars that appear together in a line; the group is said to reach its zenith at dawn during harvest time (August); could be the three bright summer stars, Vega, Deneb, and Altair
(PAN: *telu)

Ibaloy (640 / 671)

tekaŋ-ento spread, force something apart to make a space between
(PPH: *tákaŋ)

antuspirit, demon, or devil that can enter into men; familiar spirit, esp. of ancestor, in whatever guise it appears; the dead; any denizen of another world, the first being existing at the creation
(PMP: *qanitu)
*qaNiCu

bedilsmall gun (usually Muzzle-loaded) as opposed to meriam (large cannon) or senapaŋ (shotgun, rifle). Many bedil were cast in bronze at Brunei, often decorated and with twin barrels, for use from houses or boats bedil keretas firecrackers
(LOAN)

bembairush or reed with fragrant white flower: Clinogyne dichotoma, and Donax, Cyperus spp. The skin is stripped for making mats which often have fine patterns in them but are not durable
(PWMP: *benban)

bembairush or reed with fragrant white flower: Clinogyne dichotoma, and Donax, Cyperus spp. The skin is stripped for making mats which often have fine patterns in them but are not durable
(PWMP: *benben₂)

biruʔsmall fan palms of the forest floor, whose disc-like leaves are divided to the center into wedge-shaped leaflets: Licuala sp. (Licuala glabra?). The leaflets are used for roofing, forest shelters, for wrapper mats and for hats
(PMP: *biRu)

bubuany fish trap having a narrow opening so that the fish can enter but cannot get out. Usually conical, of rattan and creeper, with an inner cone of sharp spikes (ijap) fitted in the frame (beŋkoŋ) of the mouth (many named varieties)
(PAN: *bubu₂)

buntalglobe or puffer fish: Tetrodon and other species...There are two kinds, both poisonous: the yellow, buntal pisaŋ can be eaten, but only after careful preparation to remove the poisonous parts
(PMP: *buntal)

busoŋafflicted with supernatural punishment for blasphemy, for uttering prohibited names of marrying within prohibited degrees; often heard as part of a prayer not to fall into sin and misery
(PWMP: *busuŋ)

kepitsqueeze, press (as sugarcane, a hand caught in a closing door); carry under the arm, hold under the elbow
(PMP: *kepit)

kepit baŋkaycaught between, of the inhabitants of a longhouse bilik (family unit) where there has been a death in each of the adjoining bilik so that one’s movements are restricted by taboo (lit. ‘hemmed in by death)
(PMP: *kepit)

ketapknife for reaping grain, esp. padi; this is a half disc of iron with a straight edge of 3” - 4” sharpened, set across a short stick or bamboo which is grasped in the right hand; the stalk is held with thumb and forefinger while the middle finger presses it against the knife to cut it
(PWMP: *ketep₂)

laŋitsky, heavens; the Heavens, as distinct from Earth; World of the Dead, and the land of the serpent deities…The hornbill, Segadu’, represents the manang (shaman), of whom the chief is Menjaya or Ini’ Manang, living in the seventh heaven
(PMP: *laŋit)
*laŋiC

menoa, menuaarea of land held and used by a distinct community, esp. longhouse (rumah), including house, farms, gardens, fruit groves, cemetery, water and all forest within half a day's journey. Use of the menoa is only gained and maintained by much effort and danger, and by proper rites to secure and preserve a ritual harmony of all within it and the unseen forces involved; home, abode, place, district, country, region
(PMP: *banua)

miaŋirritants produced by plants; irritating; irritated (as by paddy dust or bamboo) (Scott 1956), minute bristles on bamboos and other plants; irritation of skin caused by them (Richards 1981)
(PWMP: *amiaŋ)

nampokperform a vigil, go to a solitary place to meet with ancestors or other beings in dream or vision, and obtain their help; tops of hills are used but any isolated place, even a cemetery, may be used
(PWMP: *tampuk₂)

tabancarry off, carry along, i.e. without leave (and so liable to fine), but with no intention of theft, and not by force; abscond or elope with, i.e. without consent of parents or tuai rumah (head of longhouse)
(PMP: *taban)
*tabaN

turundescend, go down (as in descending a hill, coming down from a tree); poetically, of journeys; go out to work or set out on an expedition; to lower, bring down (as prices); line of descent
(PMP: *tuRun₁)

habaswhat is passed by (as by a person who is looking for something)
(PPH: *labas)

hanotkind of tree used for posts; the thick inner fibrous bark of the hanot tree that can be stripped by just pulling it off the tree (used for straps of alat baskets, making rope, or for tying something, as rice bundles)
(PPH: *lánut)

a-kind of prepositional prefix which makes certain word-bases adjectival and descriptive, as if they were preceded by the preposition 'with'; in the Kiangan area an- is preferred to simple a- for some word-bases: a-tike/an-tike/ 'short (with shortness)'
(PMP: *ha-₁)
*ha-

altápygmies of the Philippines, called Negritos by the Spaniards
(PMP: *qaRta)

alutónpieces of wood that are not, or not wholly burned and still lie in the hearth
(PMP: *aluten)

alʔúpestle for pounding rice in an Ifugaw trough, also called lalú. It is just a round, polished pole (more or less one meter twenty long and 20 cm. in diameter) rounded at its ends so that it can fit in the bottom of the hollowed cavity of the trough; its handle is made in the middle, which is thin enough to fit the grip of the hand
(PMP: *qahelu)
*qaSelu

amtíblack nightshade: a broad-leafed plant, Solanum nigrum [Sol.] planted in upland fields … or on mounds … along a pondfield dyke. The leaves and young shoots are boiled and eaten as a side dish
(PMP: *hameti)
*SameCiBatad

anthe taste of food; to eat; for a fire to consume something combustible; for a saw to cut into iron, wood
(PAN: *kaen)
Batad

-ansuffix of general use. First, it conveys a locative meaning; it is used to form names of places, or common nouns indicating certain places... Second, -an (like -on) is a suffix which actually verbalizes a given word-base by making it pertain to the so-called passive voice..... The difference between the suffix -on and the suffix -an can be (in some way) clarified as follows: the suffix -on puts in evidence that the meaning of the word-base can be applied and, in fact, is applied to the direct object, while the suffix -an puts in evidence that the meaning of the word-base is only indirectly applicable to the grammatical object
(PAN: *-an)

anákson, daughter; sibling; may sometimes be used in the sense of nephew or niece
(PMP: *anak)
*aNak

aninítothe word-base aníto, conveying the idea of a supernatural being (either a deity or a spirit), is always pluralized by the reduplication of ni, even in the Ifugaw invocations and prayers
(PMP: *qanitu)
*qaNiCu

atéword-base of all the words that convey the meaning of death, die, kill, try to kill by fighting
(PMP: *atay)
*aCay

átobdeadfall to crush rats or to capture and possibly kill boars
(PAN: *qaCeb)

atóproof of a house, granary, hut, shed; after the ... roofers have covered the four ridges of the pyramidal roof with bundles of grass, they begin covering the lower part of the íbat (trapezoidal shelf of reeds that is lashed to the rafters) with layers of canes that still have leaves ... they continue their covering operation using now bundled sheaves of gúlun grass (Imperata cylindrica). Each layer is laid a little higher than the one already laid and strongly lashed to the ulhút (pair of reed stalks) of the íbat by means of horizontally laid canes called hípit
(PMP: *qatep)

āyatfor a person, animal, insect, climbing vine to climb something, as a tree, ladder, house, steep incline such as a stone wall, sheet rock surface that is nearly vertical, but not to climb a hill or mountain
(PPH: *kay(e)qat)
Batad

balitókoften used in the sense of "gold", though it properly means a gold ornament (necklace, earring)
(LOAN)

Ifugaw (140 / 1102)

balítuʔplate s.t. with gold, esp. to cap or crown a tooth with gold
(LOAN)
Batad

báliwact of turning oneself when walking, etc. and continue (walking, etc.) in the opposite direction; produce an action which will have an effect which is the contrary of what somebody else tries to produce (e.g. to defend the life of somebody who is attacked); opposite part (e.g. the lowlands are the balíw-on of the mountain area and vice versa
(PMP: *baliw₁)

bannúgkind of bird of prey said to eat small snakes, and cannot fly as quickly as other birds of prey
(PPh: *banúg)

banteŋa flint lighter, consisting of a flint stone...a piece of steel against which the flint is struck, and tinder...which lights when a spark is created; for someone to strike a fire with a flint lighter
(PMP: *bantiŋ)
Batad

bantíŋa small iron (or steel) piece with which the Ifugaw strike a small piece of flint to produce sparks that hit some cotton and is easily enkindled by blowing over it; in the Hapaw area, matches, a box of matches, is called bantíŋ-an
(PMP: *bantiŋ)

banútana tree the stem of which yields a very hard and reddish timber
(PPh: *banútan)

baŋbaŋplant something that must grow in the earth, not in the mud
(PMP: *baŋbaŋ₃)

baŋlómint; a very fragrant little herb; hence applied to whatever plant or flower has a good smell
(PPH: *baŋ(e)lu)

bíkoŋlover's harp; flat, thin metal plaque, the inner, loose part of which can vibrate and produce harplike sounds if someone holds it to the lips and, so to say, speaks through it ... During the evening hours, boys coming to a girls' dormitory use it to express their love of one or another girl. The girl who is addressed answers through her own bíkoŋ
(ROOT)

bitáulgeneric term for several trees, the foliage of which appears to be the same, but not the wood of their stems; a few species yield a sort of timber that is good for building purposes, while the other species are not free from woodworms (some of them are spoiled quite rapidly after they have been felled)
(PMP: *bitaquR)

bítilfamine; general scarcity of food, e.g. after the end of the war, when the retreating Japanese troops had harvested the rice fields and dug up the sweet potatoes, while the Ifugaw were hiding themselves in isolated places in the midst of the mountains
(PMP: *bitil₁)

bītinbe out on the end of a branch (of a person or animal); hang from the branch of a tree, of a small bat; a horizontal branch on which a small bat customarily hangs
(PPh: *bítin)
Batad

bītumake a deep hole to catch wild animals; a deep hole dug to catch wild pigs. The hole is camouflaged by covering it with twigs and grass
(PPh: *bítu)
Batad

bítupitfall dug in a wild pig's trail (with interior stone wall and sharpened bamboo impaling spikes at bottom); any pit dug into the ground may be called bítu; a pit without bottom, made into a beam is an úwaŋ; a waterpit (however small it may be) is a loboŋ
(PPh: *bítu)

Ifugaw (200 / 1102)

bitugbump oneself as by hitting the head against a beam, by falling
(ROOT)
Batad

bitúkastomach, though stomach and intestines are more often called putú; the gizzard of a chicken may also be called bitúka
(PMP: *bituka)
*biCuka

biʔuŋa Jew's harp made either of bamboo or from a flattened piece of brass wire
(ROOT)
Batad

bōbodbind something into a relatively small bundle, as to bind a bundle of tobacco (from about 3" to 6" in diameter), the arms or legs together, a bundle of clothing, the feet of a chicken, the remains of the dead into a blanket
(PMP: *bejbej₂)
*bejbejBatad

bogahto develop rice grains, of growing rice, of a pond field; become full, enlarged, of growing rice grains, of the bile of a chicken or pig. An enlarged bile is a good omen if the chicken or pig is being sacrificed for something such as for stored rice to increase in amount, but bad for something as for a sickness
(PMP: *beRas)
Batad

boga(h)pounded rice; may also be used figuratively in the sense of what is most significant, as the decorticated grains are the only important products of rice plants
(PMP: *beRas)

bognátrelapse into the same sickness; to make wounds, infections, skin diseases that were being cured, grow worse by not being careful
(PPh: *beRnát)

bohátbreak by jerking, by a snapping pull; applied to strings, threads
(PMP: *be(R)tas)

bubúŋthat capsheaf of a building (traditionally ten to fifteen bundles of cogon grass laid around the roof peak, butt-ends down, tied to the roof-bearing post, twisted, bent over to one side, and tied again; for someone to lay a thatch capsheaf on a roof peak or ridge
(PMP: *bubuŋ₁)
Batad

búbuŋpeak of the pyramidal roof of an Ifugaw house or granary consisting of a couple of grass bundles attached to and above the grass that already covers the highest parts of the topmost roof slope and upper ends of the rafters. Thus, these bundles of grass constitute the outside búbuŋ. Since the grass bundles are firmly attached to, and the twelve rafters nailed to a wooden disk, the disk which helps support the rafters constitutes, together with the tops of the rafters, the inside búbuŋ, and is rightly called búbuŋ or ambubúŋan/
(PMP: *bubuŋ₁)

budbúdgeneral term for bundle, e.g. a bundle of firewood, of canes; not applied to a bundle of rice ears (botók); however, if the rice bundle is smaller than ordinary in a certain area it is called budbúd
(NOISE)

būgastone-like object reportedly found in the flesh of animals such as a wild pig, about the size of a pea
(PPh: *búgaq)
Batad

búgapeculiar little stone which is said to have been found by an ancestor of former times and has been put in the ritual box of the one who inherited it; it is believed to have a magic power, since it makes the rice last long, not quickly consumed. It seems to be a tektite, or what is called 'tooth of the thunder'
(PPh: *búgaq)

buháka split in a piece of wood; to burst; produce a burst by cutting open something that is still closed; to split a piece of wood
(PPh: *busqák)

buhismall and more or less superficial fissures in a board or beam
(PPh: *busiq)

būhughunter's bow, weapon used with an arrow (pāna) for hunting small animals such as birds and snakes; cotton fluffer (made of bamboo in the shape of a bow, about 33 cm. long); for someone to fluff cotton with a fluffer
(PMP: *busuR)
*busuR₂Batad

buhúgfor food to satisfy someone in eating; for someone to satisfy himself in eating
(PWMP: *busuR₃)
Batad

búhugfluffing implement: kind of bow with its cord used to make cotton more fluffy by making its cord vibrate in the midst of a heap of cotton
(PMP: *busuR)
*busuR₂

būhulan enemy of a village; i.e. a person of another village; wartime; for two or more hostile villages to engage in warfare against each other. Traditionally warfare was potentially engaged in with any village with which there was not a truce agreement (bayaw). Warfare was caused by disputes over territorial boundaries or use of public forests. Rampant and serious theft or more trivial matters could finally result in warfare. The heads of enemies killed in battle were taken, and sometimes hands or feet, and ceremonies involving these body parts performed
(PAN: *busuR₁)
Batad

buláwanaction-denoting noun: that which dazzles, i.e. an ornament (a necklace, an earring) that dazzles; it may occasionally replace the term balítok 'gold'
(PAN: *bulaw-an)
*bulaw

búligbunch of bananas; i.e. the whole bunch (as when it still hangs on the banana tree)
(PMP: *buliR)

būlua thin-walled bamboo, Schizostachyum lumampao, used as weave (lāga) for making house walls, waterspouts, water containers, and salt-meat containers. Also used as material for the eel basket trap, locust basket and loosely woven head basket
(PAN: *buluq₂)
Batad

bunbún, bumbúnput something under ashes (as sweet potatoes for roasting, firewood so that it will not be extinguished during the night)
(PMP: *bunbun)

bunígeneral term for deities, i.e. those who pertain to the higher classes of the Ifugaw supernatural beings, not those who are better called 'spirits'; however, shamans, go-betweens and others may occasionally neglect making a distinction and call all the supernatural beings buní
(PWMP: *buni₂)
*buni₁

bunwíta fish-hook (with or without a fish-line); to hook up a fish, etc.
(PPh: *bunwít)

būŋathe pulpy fruit of a plant, tree, vine, with or without seeds or pits; for a plant or tree to bear fruit, seed vessel, grain
(PMP: *buŋa)
Batad

būŋuga low-pitched sound, as of someone talking in a bass, somewhat rough voice; as of the sound of a truck, bus, propeller driven aeroplane; group of men chanting a song; for someone or something to make a low-pitched sound such as this
(PWMP: *buŋug)
Batad

dadánold; long-time, as an old jar, a long-time position of an agricultural leader
(PMP: *dadan)
*dadaNBatad

dadánold, not new, no longer new; applied to clothes, bags, blankets, anything that has been used for a long time
(PMP: *dadan)
*dadaN

dadáŋwhat is burnt, i.e., food that has been fried or boiled over the fire until it is black
(PMP: *daŋdaŋ₁)
*daŋdaŋ

dagāmirice stubble, i.e. stalks remaining after the upper stalks with rice panicles ... have been harvested, either standing in a pond field, or removed to allow for a second planting
(PMP: *zaRami)
Batad

dālana way, habitually used in going from one place to another; to walk (person or animal); make a path through a given area by clearing it with a bolo, walking back and forth over the same area; for the sun, moon, stars, water in a river, spirit beings, to follow a set course
(PMP: *zalan)
Batad

daŋdáŋact of removing the cooking pot with boiled rice from the dalikán (trivet), and depositing it on the ashes of the hearth more or less near the fire, so that the boiled rice will be somewhat dry before it is served
(PMP: *daŋdaŋ₁)
*daŋdaŋ

DāyaThe Heavens (includes the earth’s atmosphere, touched by mountain peaks, where birds fly; it is the location of clouds, and the source of meteorological events, as rain, hail, thunder and lightning, storms and the like. The territory also includes outer space and involves spirits relating to, and named after various celestial bodies, such as the sun, moon, numerous named stars, sunlight and so forth)
(PAN: *daya)
Batad

dáyacosmic Upstream Region, extending beyond the Sky Cupola; it is conceived as surrounding half of the earth; the cosmic Upstream Region is inhabited by the gods and spirits of the Dáya, who dwell in a number of villages situated above the lower part of the Sky Cupola; the stem dáya is also applied to any site of the Earth proper that lies nearer the cosmic Dáya (i.e. more upstream) than the habitat of the person who speaks
(PAN: *daya)

dāyuna blanket or mat hammock (as for a child to sleep in); a hammock is suspended from a horizontal pole and carried on the shoulders of two men to transport someone unable to walk; it is sometimes suspended from two vertical poles and used for sleeping
(PPH: *dúyan)
Batad

dáyuncradle, i.e. an oblong basket that can be suspended in some way on both its ends, so that the baby can be rocked; the word is also applied to a long cradle-like basket used to carry a sick person to a certain place
(PPH: *dúyan)

dūgua roof-ridge rafter of a traditional house; a corner line of a box, building basket (reference is to the exterior or interior line where two converging walls of a building meet; a horizontal or oblique line where two sides of a box or basket meet, as of a colander basket
(PWMP: *zuRu)
Batad

g<in>íliŋa coiled copper bracelet or leglet, the former worn by women from the wrist up to a short distance from the elbow; the latter worn by men below the knee down to and resting on the calf
(PPH: *g<in>iliŋ)
*giliŋ

halakháka kind of kingfisher with dark brown plumage, medium size; in hudhúd chant the word is used in the sense of a dark brown jar (not necessarily used for rice wine), which has a special cover resembling the crest of a kingfisher
(PWMP: *salaksak)

hálopthe part of a river that has been drained so that it became a fishpond without much water in it
(PPH: *sáRep)

halp-onfor someone to dam a river for fishing. A relatively deep place in a river is chosen; below the area arrow-grass canes (bilāu) are placed, held by stones as a screen (hābay), to allow water, but not fish, to pass. Above the area a dam (bātug) is constructed to stop the flow of water into the area, which is then scooped out. River fish, eels, crabs, and edible tadpoles are caught in the shallow water.
(PPH: *sáRep)
Batad

haŋlaga roasting spatula (made of wood or tin with a blade about fifteen centimeters long and ten centimeters wide, and with a handle about one meter long; used for roasting grains in a vat); the roast-quality of cereal grains
(PMP: *saŋelaR)
Batad

haŋlag-onto dry-roast cereal grains (maize, peanuts, young rice grains) in a pan or vat, without fat; it is usually stirred with a stirring spatula; to fry cooked rice, pork fat
(PWMP: *saŋelaR-en)
*saŋelaRBatad

hápadbunch of betel nuts, grapes, cluster of bananas or other fruits
(PPH: *sápad)

haphápact of chopping pieces of wood, especially boards, to make their surface even and smooth, using a knife if no plane is available
(PWMP: *sapsap₁)

hápuallotment, apportionment, i.e. act of dividing things into two parts (not necessarily equal parts), and thus allotting one part to the kinship group of the husband and the other part to the kinship group of the wife; applied to butchered meat that has not been consumed in a festive banquet, but also to movable possessions, as jewels, in cases of divorce
(PPH: *sapuq)

hīkadact of pushing, bumping, striking, kicking something with one’s foot or feet (as in bumping one’s foot against a stone to move it out of the way, stamping into the mud of a rice field to avoid sliding when one is about to hurl a spear toward an adversary
(PPH: *sikad)

hikád-anthe bulky block of wood, or a heavy stone, against which the weaver (who sits at the end of the weaving loom) presses her feet when weaving
(PPH: *sikád-an)
*sikad

híkuelbow; also applied to paths, roads, ricefield dikes, things that are provided with projections, that resemble an elbow
(PAN: *sikux)

hiŋhíŋring; may be applied to earrings that are real rings (said to be from Ilokano)
(LOAN)

hípagblow in general, but not with a weapon (e.g. a stick); mostly used of blows with one's fist
(ROOT)

hiphipfor someone to clean a dry pondfield or seedbed of weeds, stubble, or vegetation with the use of a suitable implement, as a digging stick or sickle (done during the preparation of seedbeds and fields for planting and transplanting)
(PPH: *sipsíp)
Batad

hīpita cane thatch clamp made of arrow-grass canes placed horizontally two or three together on top and near the top edge of a thatch row, and tied securely to two or three cane purlins; for someone to clamp thatch with a thatch clamp
(PAN: *sipit)
Batad

hípitliana thongs or reed stalks which are tightly lashed to the upper border of baskets in order to keep it (the upper border) more resistant
(PAN: *sipit)

hodhódpressing action; apply pressure in one or another way on whatever it may be, but not applied to sugarcane pressing
(PPH: *sedsed₂)

hogópact of entering a house, a granary, a hut built more or less two feet above the ground, a houseyard surrounded by a fence with a small gate
(PAN: *sejep)

hokóba provisory cover, anything that can cover a container for the time being, e.g. a leaf, a carton, a piece of wood, even the palm of a hand, in order to avoid that dirt or drippings would spoil what has been poured or put into the container
(PWMP: *se(ŋ)keb)

ipa-prefix meaning: 1. let something be done, achieved, etc. by the intermediary of somebody, 2. cause that something be used for another purpose than that for which it is made, 3. that something be put above, under, in, or on that which is implied by the particular word-base
(PPh: *ipa-)

īwalmake a space between an object planted firmly in a base (as the ground) and that around it which holds it in place (as the soil), by moving the object back and forth, as for the wind to make a space between the foundation post of a house and the soil around it by shaking the house; to wiggle a tooth to loosen it from the gum
(PWMP: *hiwal)
Batad

káputstring, rope, liana, thong to tie, fasten, bind one thing to another in order to keep either of the two or both in their right place. Thus the two posts of a ladder are said to be nikáput, if liana thongs running from one post to another under each of the rungs, prevent dislocation
(PMP: *kaput₁)
*kaput

káyatto climb, e.g. on a long ladder, an upright pole, a tree; implies that arms and hands, as well as legs and feet are used in climbing (therefore the ascent of a path, which is not upright, is not considered a “climb”, but merely an ascent)
(PPH: *kay(e)qat)

kayŋótbite on one's lower lip thereby to show one's anger or displeasure
(ROOT)

lāhuheat, of the sun, fire; for a heating agent, as a fire, the sun, a hot object or substance, as water, coffee, etc. to transfer heat to someone with or without causing the skin to blister
(PAN: *lasuq₁)
Batad

lahuthe thin membrane which covers the skin on account of contact with hot water, or because of the very strong rays of the sun
(PAN: *lasuq₁)

lopa(h)conveys the idea of finishing, ending a certain work or action that cannot be accomplished within a short time, or a series of actions which pertain to one whole and are conceived of as forming a single complex, for example, a celebration, a work, a headhunting expedition, etc. that lasts several days
(PWMP: *lepas)

ma-múnahto wipe away, to wipe up something from a body part, object, an area with wiping material, as to wipe perspiration from the face, excretion from the eyes, mucus from the nose, charcoal from a table, water from a floor
(PMP: *punas)
Batad

ma-múŋa-ybear fruit; may also convey the idea of producing interest on money
(PMP: *buŋa)

Ifugaw (720 / 1102)

ma-mūtulfor someone to cut off the head of an animal, chicken or person with a bolo or head axe
(PMP: *putul)
*putunBatad

ma-noŋolfor a person, a living thing with ears, to hear or listen to someone or something, as the call of a bird, a cry, music, noise, talking; to hear about someone or something; for someone to obey someone
(PMP: *deŋeR)
Batad

ma-nuluto be able to produce three things in a specified period of time, as for stone walling to produce three pesos a day in earnings, or for a man to be a three basket per week weaver
(PWMP: *ma-nelu)
*teluBatad

ma-nutufor someone to pound bark, bark fiber, or spun yarn with a pounding tool to soften it
(PWMP: *ma-nutu)
*tutuhBatad

maŋ-áli-dathey are actually coming, they are arriving just now
(PAN: *aRi)

ma-ŋanfor someone to engage in eating, especially a scheduled meal (regular meals are eaten in the morning and at night; a noon meal is more casual and irregular); for someone to eat with someone else
(PWMP: *ma-ŋaen)
*kaenBatad

nuwáŋwater-buffalo. Rarely used to work in the rice field terraces among the Ifugaw, but raised to offer a sacrifice for the ancestors (never offered to the gods and spirits who want pigs)
(PMP: *qanuaŋ)
*qaNuaŋ

ŋabŋábbite off a mouthful out of something edible, e.g. a piece of meat, a cake
(PAN: *ŋabŋab)

pitpita short, shrill cry of an omen bird, īdaw; the cry resembles the sound ‘pit, pit, pit’ (this cry does not signal an omen, as do numerous other cries of the omen bird)
(PWMP: *pitpit₁)
Batad

pitpitonomatopaeic word; pit-pit-pit sound produced by ído birds (ído = sparrow-like birds with long tail feathers; their quick and protracted pit-pit-pit is believed to predict good luck to headhunters (travelers or hunters), bad luck if their pit-pit call is slow and short)
(PWMP: *pitpit₁)

pitpítto compress a number of things into a single container; to use pressure when closing a pot or a basket which has a fitting cover
(PAN: *pitpit₂)

pūhogthe navel of a person or animal, the umbilical cord; exclamation: Rascal! (this is a set expression consisting of a noun, pūhog, followed by a possessive pronoun or possessive noun; it is a non-vulgar expletive, classed as mild scolding)
(PMP: *pusej)
Batad

púhognavel; it is also applied to cavities which serve as mortise for a tenon, the undeep cavity being navel-like
(PMP: *pusej)

pūhuthe heart of a person, animal, bird, chicken; the heart of a banana plant, i.e. the inflorescence
(PMP: *pusuq₁)
Batad

tanókto boil something a long time because what must be boiled is too hard and thick (e.g. the hide of a water buffalo, a cow); it is also applied to an overcooking of vegetables by lack of attention so that they happen to be half-spoiled
(PMP: *tanek)
*taNek

togtogfor someone to pound something in a downward motion with something, as a stone to crush another stone; a heavy piece of wood or stone to tamp soil; for someone to use something for pounding as described above
(PMP: *tegteg)
*CegCegBatad

tūbunew growth, of a plant, weed, grass, tree growing from a seed; of a branch or plant stalk; of a fingernail, hair, tooth (also refers to new growth issuing from a pit, nut or fruit such as coconut
(PMP: *tubuq, tumbuq)
*CubuqBatad

túbuleaves of trees, shrubs, and plants in general; not applied to leaves which serve for special purposes, such as chewing leaves or banana leaves
(PMP: *tubuq, tumbuq)
*Cubuq

tuddúto teach by speaking, by writing (e.g. on a blackboard), by showing (e.g. pictures)
(PPh: *tulduq)

tudúfor someone to point at something with the use of the index finger; the index finger of a person, monkey; for someone to explain something, as directions to a visitor, a subject to school children
(PAN: *tuzuq₁)
Batad

túdudripping; rain drops which fall on the floor of a house because there is a little hole in the grass covering the house
(PAN: *tuduq)

tuntunfor someone to arrange the presentation of something in order, as ritual prayers during a religious ceremony, a genealogy, a description of events and arguments in presenting a case for decision
(PWMP: *tuntun)
Batad

walu-an(with gemination of the second consonant to indicate reciprocal action), that which eight people do together
(PPh: *walu(h)-an)
*waluBatad

walwálmake a space between an object planted firmly in a base (as the ground) and that around it which holds it in place (as soil) by moving the object back and forth and then removing it
(PPH: *walwáR)
Batad

walwálmake a space between an object planted firmly in a base (as the ground) and that around it which holds it in place (as soil) by moving the object back and forth and then removing it
(PPh: *walwál)
Batad

wanánthe four beams of an Ifugaw house or granary... they serve as supporters of all the rafters of the pyramidal roof
(NOISE)

watwátmay be used in the sense of widening a hole with a tool that can hollow out
(PPH: *watwát)

wigwígto shake, of the body or parts of the body, as with palsy, when frightened, nervous, exhausted
(PPh: *wigwíg)
Batad

wigwígshake the head in a negative manner (implying a denial or refusal)
(PPh: *wigwíg)

witwítcontinual moving of a light or a torch, i.e., the person who holds the light or the torch makes it move up and down, back and forth, higher or lower, farther or nearer, while he is walking in the darkness of the night
(PPh: *witwít₂)

amtíblack nightshade: a broad-leafed plant, Solanum nigrum [Sol.] planted in upland fields … or on mounds … along a pondfield dyke. The leaves and young shoots are boiled and eaten as a side dish
(PMP: *hameti)
*SameCiBatad

anthe taste of food; to eat; for a fire to consume something combustible; for a saw to cut into iron, wood
(PAN: *kaen)
Batad

āyatfor a person, animal, insect, climbing vine to climb something, as a tree, ladder, house, steep incline such as a stone wall, sheet rock surface that is nearly vertical, but not to climb a hill or mountain
(PPH: *kay(e)qat)
Batad

Ifugaw (Batad) (40 / 330)

āyiwa branching tree with a hard bark, or a piece of a tree, such as a stick, log, plank
(PMP: *kahiw)
*kaSiwBatad

banteŋa flint lighter, consisting of a flint stone...a piece of steel against which the flint is struck, and tinder...which lights when a spark is created; for someone to strike a fire with a flint lighter
(PMP: *bantiŋ)
Batad

biʔuŋa Jew's harp made either of bamboo or from a flattened piece of brass wire
(ROOT)
Batad

bōbodbind something into a relatively small bundle, as to bind a bundle of tobacco (from about 3" to 6" in diameter), the arms or legs together, a bundle of clothing, the feet of a chicken, the remains of the dead into a blanket
(PMP: *bejbej₂)
*bejbejBatad

bogahto develop rice grains, of growing rice, of a pond field; become full, enlarged, of growing rice grains, of the bile of a chicken or pig. An enlarged bile is a good omen if the chicken or pig is being sacrificed for something such as for stored rice to increase in amount, but bad for something as for a sickness
(PMP: *beRas)
Batad

buahfor someone to do something early to something or someone, or with someone or something
(PPh: *buás)
Batad

bubúŋthat capsheaf of a building (traditionally ten to fifteen bundles of cogon grass laid around the roof peak, butt-ends down, tied to the roof-bearing post, twisted, bent over to one side, and tied again; for someone to lay a thatch capsheaf on a roof peak or ridge
(PMP: *bubuŋ₁)
Batad

Ifugaw (Batad) (80 / 330)

būgastone-like object reportedly found in the flesh of animals such as a wild pig, about the size of a pea
(PPh: *búgaq)
Batad

būgawfor someone to shout something to someone over a distance
(PAN: *buRaw)
Batad

bugnáya tree: Antidesma bunius [Linn.]; fruit of the bugnáy tree, sweet-sour to the taste, eaten as a snack food; old berries are pounded before eating
(PWMP: *buRnay)
Batad

būhughunter's bow, weapon used with an arrow (pāna) for hunting small animals such as birds and snakes; cotton fluffer (made of bamboo in the shape of a bow, about 33 cm. long); for someone to fluff cotton with a fluffer
(PMP: *busuR)
*busuR₂Batad

buhúgfor food to satisfy someone in eating; for someone to satisfy himself in eating
(PWMP: *busuR₃)
Batad

būhulan enemy of a village; i.e. a person of another village; wartime; for two or more hostile villages to engage in warfare against each other. Traditionally warfare was potentially engaged in with any village with which there was not a truce agreement (bayaw). Warfare was caused by disputes over territorial boundaries or use of public forests. Rampant and serious theft or more trivial matters could finally result in warfare. The heads of enemies killed in battle were taken, and sometimes hands or feet, and ceremonies involving these body parts performed
(PAN: *busuR₁)
Batad

buláfor someone to push out foreign matter (food, spent betel quid) from the mouth with the tongue
(PMP: *buRah)
*buReSBatad

būlua thin-walled bamboo, Schizostachyum lumampao, used as weave (lāga) for making house walls, waterspouts, water containers, and salt-meat containers. Also used as material for the eel basket trap, locust basket and loosely woven head basket
(PAN: *buluq₂)
Batad

būŋuga low-pitched sound, as of someone talking in a bass, somewhat rough voice; as of the sound of a truck, bus, propeller driven aeroplane; group of men chanting a song; for someone or something to make a low-pitched sound such as this
(PWMP: *buŋug)
Batad

dadánold; long-time, as an old jar, a long-time position of an agricultural leader
(PMP: *dadan)
*dadaNBatad

dagāmirice stubble, i.e. stalks remaining after the upper stalks with rice panicles ... have been harvested, either standing in a pond field, or removed to allow for a second planting
(PMP: *zaRami)
Batad

dālana way, habitually used in going from one place to another; to walk (person or animal); make a path through a given area by clearing it with a bolo, walking back and forth over the same area; for the sun, moon, stars, water in a river, spirit beings, to follow a set course
(PMP: *zalan)
Batad

DāyaThe Heavens (includes the earth’s atmosphere, touched by mountain peaks, where birds fly; it is the location of clouds, and the source of meteorological events, as rain, hail, thunder and lightning, storms and the like. The territory also includes outer space and involves spirits relating to, and named after various celestial bodies, such as the sun, moon, numerous named stars, sunlight and so forth)
(PAN: *daya)
Batad

dāyuna blanket or mat hammock (as for a child to sleep in); a hammock is suspended from a horizontal pole and carried on the shoulders of two men to transport someone unable to walk; it is sometimes suspended from two vertical poles and used for sleeping
(PPH: *dúyan)
Batad

dopaa unit measure of an arm span, i.e., a distance measured between the fingertips of two outstretched arms
(PAN: *depah)
Batad

dūgua roof-ridge rafter of a traditional house; a corner line of a box, building basket (reference is to the exterior or interior line where two converging walls of a building meet; a horizontal or oblique line where two sides of a box or basket meet, as of a colander basket
(PWMP: *zuRu)
Batad

halp-onfor someone to dam a river for fishing. A relatively deep place in a river is chosen; below the area arrow-grass canes (bilāu) are placed, held by stones as a screen (hābay), to allow water, but not fish, to pass. Above the area a dam (bātug) is constructed to stop the flow of water into the area, which is then scooped out. River fish, eels, crabs, and edible tadpoles are caught in the shallow water.
(PPH: *sáRep)
Batad

haŋlaga roasting spatula (made of wood or tin with a blade about fifteen centimeters long and ten centimeters wide, and with a handle about one meter long; used for roasting grains in a vat); the roast-quality of cereal grains
(PMP: *saŋelaR)
Batad

haŋlag-onto dry-roast cereal grains (maize, peanuts, young rice grains) in a pan or vat, without fat; it is usually stirred with a stirring spatula; to fry cooked rice, pork fat
(PWMP: *saŋelaR-en)
*saŋelaRBatad

hiphipfor someone to clean a dry pondfield or seedbed of weeds, stubble, or vegetation with the use of a suitable implement, as a digging stick or sickle (done during the preparation of seedbeds and fields for planting and transplanting)
(PPH: *sipsíp)
Batad

hīpita cane thatch clamp made of arrow-grass canes placed horizontally two or three together on top and near the top edge of a thatch row, and tied securely to two or three cane purlins; for someone to clamp thatch with a thatch clamp
(PAN: *sipit)
Batad

hīʔadfor someone to brace the foot, as when walking in a swift current, or pushing something heavy
(PPH: *sikad)
Batad

īwalmake a space between an object planted firmly in a base (as the ground) and that around it which holds it in place (as the soil), by moving the object back and forth, as for the wind to make a space between the foundation post of a house and the soil around it by shaking the house; to wiggle a tooth to loosen it from the gum
(PWMP: *hiwal)
Batad

kabana miniature house sepulchre for the dead, of traditional design (used only for a rich person)
(PWMP: *kaban₂)
Batad

kalutfor someone to dig or scrape something from something else with the hands, paws, or suitable instrument, as to scrape food remains from a container; for a dog to dig a hole
(PAN: *karut₁)
Batad

lāhuheat, of the sun, fire; for a heating agent, as a fire, the sun, a hot object or substance, as water, coffee, etc. to transfer heat to someone with or without causing the skin to blister
(PAN: *lasuq₁)
Batad

ma-múnahto wipe away, to wipe up something from a body part, object, an area with wiping material, as to wipe perspiration from the face, excretion from the eyes, mucus from the nose, charcoal from a table, water from a floor
(PMP: *punas)
Batad

ma-mūtulfor someone to cut off the head of an animal, chicken or person with a bolo or head axe
(PMP: *putul)
*putunBatad

ma-noŋolfor a person, a living thing with ears, to hear or listen to someone or something, as the call of a bird, a cry, music, noise, talking; to hear about someone or something; for someone to obey someone
(PMP: *deŋeR)
Batad

ma-nuluto be able to produce three things in a specified period of time, as for stone walling to produce three pesos a day in earnings, or for a man to be a three basket per week weaver
(PWMP: *ma-nelu)
*teluBatad

ma-nutufor someone to pound bark, bark fiber, or spun yarn with a pounding tool to soften it
(PWMP: *ma-nutu)
*tutuhBatad

ma-ŋanfor someone to engage in eating, especially a scheduled meal (regular meals are eaten in the morning and at night; a noon meal is more casual and irregular); for someone to eat with someone else
(PWMP: *ma-ŋaen)
*kaenBatad

pūhogthe navel of a person or animal, the umbilical cord; exclamation: Rascal! (this is a set expression consisting of a noun, pūhog, followed by a possessive pronoun or possessive noun; it is a non-vulgar expletive, classed as mild scolding)
(PMP: *pusej)
Batad

pūhuthe heart of a person, animal, bird, chicken; the heart of a banana plant, i.e. the inflorescence
(PMP: *pusuq₁)
Batad

tobalfor someone to respond to a question (or to being called); for someone to promise to give something to someone as an inheritance, a gift; to promise to sell a field to someone
(PPH: *tebáR)
Batad

togtogfor someone to pound something in a downward motion with something, as a stone to crush another stone; a heavy piece of wood or stone to tamp soil; for someone to use something for pounding as described above
(PMP: *tegteg)
*CegCegBatad

tūbaa cultivated bush, Meliaceae Dysoxylam; fruit of the tuba bush, used as a poison for catching fish
(PAN: *tuba)
Batad

Ifugaw (Batad) (300 / 330)

tūbunew growth, of a plant, weed, grass, tree growing from a seed; of a branch or plant stalk; of a fingernail, hair, tooth (also refers to new growth issuing from a pit, nut or fruit such as coconut
(PMP: *tubuq, tumbuq)
*CubuqBatad

tudúfor someone to point at something with the use of the index finger; the index finger of a person, monkey; for someone to explain something, as directions to a visitor, a subject to school children
(PAN: *tuzuq₁)
Batad

tuntunfor someone to arrange the presentation of something in order, as ritual prayers during a religious ceremony, a genealogy, a description of events and arguments in presenting a case for decision
(PWMP: *tuntun)
Batad

ūtua louse or flea, a generic term for parasitic insects infecting warm-blooded animals and humans; a head louse, infesting the hair of humans
(PMP: *kutu₁)
*kuCuxBatad

uwaya climbing palm (Palmae Calamus mindorensis) used for making baskets; for tying materials together as in constructing a roof, etc.
(PAN: *quay)
Batad

wahíwayfrighten away flies from food, and esp. from the dead while tied in a death chair during preburial ritual by a continual waving back and forth of a stick
(PPh: *wasíwas)
Batad

wahwáhlift up and down in the water to wash off mud, as of the feet, a vegetable, in washing off soil from the root
(PPh: *waswás₁)
Batad

walu-an(with gemination of the second consonant to indicate reciprocal action), that which eight people do together
(PPh: *walu(h)-an)
*waluBatad

walwálmake a space between an object planted firmly in a base (as the ground) and that around it which holds it in place (as soil) by moving the object back and forth and then removing it
(PPH: *walwáR)
Batad

walwálmake a space between an object planted firmly in a base (as the ground) and that around it which holds it in place (as soil) by moving the object back and forth and then removing it
(PPh: *walwál)
Batad

wigwígto shake, of the body or parts of the body, as with palsy, when frightened, nervous, exhausted
(PPh: *wigwíg)
Batad

-ʔu1sg genitive pronoun (marks possessor and non-focus agent or actor of the action of a verb)
(PAN: *-ku)
Batad