(1912–2006). The Canadian poet Irving Layton is known for the rebellious vigor with which he described the Jewish-Canadian experience. His poetry is lyrical and romantic in tone and classical in form.

Born Irving Peter Lazarovitch on March 12, 1912, in Neamƫ, Romania, Layton emigrated with his family to Canada in 1913. He earned a degree in agriculture in 1939 and served in the Canadian Air Force during World War II. His poems developed from the early descriptive poetry collected in Here and Now (1945) and Now Is the Place (1948) into the tough expressions of his hatred of the middle class and other enemies of spontaneity contained in In the Midst of My Fever (1954) and The Cold Green Element (1955). He later turned from social satire to concern for the universal human condition in such collections as A Red Carpet for the Sun (1959), Balls for a One-Armed Juggler (1963), For My Brother Jesus (1976), For My Neighbors in Hell (1980), and Europe and Other Bad News (1981). A Wild Peculiar Joy: Selected Poems 1945–1989 was published in 1989.

Layton also published volumes of prose containing assortments of essays, stories, and letters, including Engagements (1972) and Taking Sides (1978). He taught and lectured in Montreal from 1945 to 1960 and served as a professor of literature at York University in Toronto from 1970 to 1978. Layton died on Jan. 4, 2006, in Montreal, Canada.

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