Eponyms

This list of eponyms is updated from the 39th edition, which was kindly edited by Harold Ellis.

Achilles tendon: the calcaneal tendon. Achilles in Greek Mythology was slain by a wound in his vulnerable heel inflicted by Paris in the Trojan War. Adam’s apple: a protrusion in the front of the throat that is part of the larynx. Adam: first man! Adamkiewicz, artery of: the largest anterior medullary feeder artery to the anterior spinal artery. It varies in level, arising from the lower (T9-11) posterior intercostal, the subcostal, or less frequently the upper, lumbar (L1-2) arteries. Most often occurs on the left side. Albert Adamkiewicz (1850–1921), Professor of Pathology, University of Cracow, Poland. Alcock’s canal: canalis pudendalis. Benjamin Alcock (1801–?): British anatomist who published an article in 1836 on iliac arteries. Allen's test: test of sufficiency of the blood supply to the hand by compression and release of the ulnar and radial arteries and observation of the colour change of the hand. E V Allen (1901–1961), Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Alport’s syndrome: rare hereditary condition characterized by progressive renal failure. Arthur Cecil Alport (1880–1959), South African physician. Alzheimer’s disease: the most common form of dementia, characterized at postmortem by neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques. Alois Alzheimer (1864–1915), Breslau neurologist. Ammon's horn: the hippocampus. Friedrich August Von Ammon (1799–1861), Professor of Pathology and Materia Medica, Dresden, Germany. Andresen lines: structural lines within dentine, representing incremental lines that run more or less perpendicular to the direction of the tubules. They represent an incremental period of about 1 week and are best visualized when longitudinal ground sections are viewed between crossed polars. Viggo Andresen (1870–1950), orthodontist, Norway.

Alphonse Guerin (1816–1895). Haller's: cells – infraorbital ethmoid cells (synonym: orbitoethmoidal cells) which may be specified as either anterior or posterior ethmoid. France. and exophthalmos. goiter. Henri Hartmann (1860–1952). UK. and posteriorly by the flexor retinaculum. UK. Guyon's canal: canal for the ulnar nerve and vessels. Henry Harris (1886–1951). Hartmann's pouch: dilatation above the neck of the gallbladder – a pathological entity produced by a contained gallstone. France. They may lie lateral to the infundibulum and then open in to the middle meatus. characterized by at least two of the following: hyperthyroidism. French neurologist. Harris's growth lines: transverse juxta-epiphyseal lines of long bones seen on X-ray and representing temporary growth arrest. Victor Albrecht von Haller (1708–1777). Physiology. France. Paris. layer – layer of large blood vessels in the choroid derived from the short posterior ciliary arteries. J Grayson. Hassall’s corpuscles: spherical or ovoid bodies found in the medulla of the thymus. Jean Alexander Barré (1880–1967). Irish physician. Grayson's ligament: fascial fibres which pass from the lateral sides of the phalanges volar to the neurovascular bundle. Royal Postgraduate Medical School. Jean Casimir Guyon (1831–1920). surgeon. UK. Manchester. Grey Turner's sign: bluish discoloration in the left loin caused by extravasated blood in acute pancreatitis – an uncommon physical sign. Arthur Hill Hassall (1817–1894). Paris. They grow into the bony orbital floor and may obstruct the ostia of either the ethmoid infundibulum or the maxillary sinus during endonasal procedures. Professor of Surgery. Professor of Anatomy. Hammersmith. defined medially by the pisiform. Robert James Graves (1796–1853). Newcastle Upon Tyne and the Professor of Surgery. Guillain–Barré syndrome: acute idiopathic polyneuritis. London. Surgeon at Royal Victoria Infirmary. Surgery and Botany. surgeon. Professor of Anatomy.Graves’ disease: disorder of the thyroid. English chemist and physician
. usually of autoimmune etiology. George Grey Turner (1877–1951). Paris. Cambridge. University of Göttingen. Guerin's fracture: a LeFort I level fracture of the maxilla. Georges Guillain (1876–1951). French neurologist. composed of concentric arrays of epithelial cells which contain keratohyalin and bundles of cytoplasmic filaments. Professor of Anatomy. Germany. Faculty of Medicine.

loop – the looped portion of the renal tubule. Breslau physiologist. linking the intralobular bile canaliculi with bile ducts in the portal canals. Henry. Johann Otto Leonhard Heubner (1843–1926). Hering–Breuer reflex: lung stretch reflex mediated by the vagus. and then of Clinical Medicine. Clopton Havers (1817–1894). Germany. Carl Ewald Hering (1834–1918). Germany. Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. USA. Viktor Hensen (1834–1924). Hilton's law: nerves crossing a joint supply the joint. Josef Breuer (1842–1925). Heuser's membrane: the parietal hypoblast layer. Professor of Physiology. Carl Ewald Hering (1834–1918). Hering. the muscles acting on the joint and the skin overlying the joint. stripe – in the organ of Corti (see above) to the outer side of the cells of Deiters (see above). Heschl's transverse temporal gyri: gyri on temporal lobe of brain. Rudolf Peter Heinrich Heidenhain (1834–1897). physiologist. Ireland. Richard Heschl (1824–1881). cells. knot of: the crossing of the tendon of flexor hallucis longus deep to the tendon of flexor digitorum longus in the sole of the foot. German paediatrician. Professor of Anatomy. Kiel. Austria. Arnold Kirkpatrick Henry (1886–1962).
. Henle's: fibres: the ‘axons’ of foveal retinal cones running parallel to the retinal surface. physiologist. Vienna. Heidenhain’s trichrome stain: a stain for connective tissue. canals of: fine terminal ductules lined by cuboidal epithelium. physician practising first in London. Hensen’s: node – thickening at the site of the first formation of the primitive streak. Vienna and then Leipzig. Graz. Academy of Military Medicine. Professor of Anatomy successively in Zurich. Heubner’s artery: Cerebral artery.Haversian: canals – central vascular channels in Haversian systems. where he collaborated with Hering. systems – cylindrical units of tissue (osteons) in compact bone. Chester Heuser (1885–1965). embryologist. Friedrich Gustav Henle (1808–1885). then in Isle of Wight. Heidelberg and Göttingen. Dublin. supplies the anteromedial part of the head of the caudate and anteroinferior internal capsule. Vienna and Leipzig. Cracow. Professor of Pathology. UK. layer – outer layer of cells in the root sheath of a hair. psychiatrist and physiologist.

Holden. John Howship (1781–1841). The Netherlands. Hirschsprung's disease: megacolon resulting from congenital absence of autonomic ganglion cells in distal contracted segment. Guy's Hospital. ligament of: meniscofemoral ligament – Humphrey described this ligament as running from the lateral meniscus to the posterior cruciate ligament. Hunter's canal: the subsartorial canal. London. J Isfred Hofbauer (1878–1961). Huntington’s disease (chorea): Autosomal dominant disease characterized by chronic progressive chorea and mental deterioration. Johann Horner (1831–1886). His: bundle of – the atrioventricular bundle of the heart. Harald Hirschsprung (1830–1916). Son of Wilhelm His Senior. Queen Louise Children's Hospital. Professor of Anatomy and then of Surgery. UK.
. Zurich. Hurler’s syndrome: genetic disorder resulting in a deficiency in breakdown of mucopolysaccharides in the extracellular matrix. valves of: constrictions of the contours of the umbilical arteries along their course through the umbilical cord. Luther Holden (1815–1905). surgeon. respectively. furcula of – an inverted U which appears in the central wall of the developing pharynx. Hoboken. London. Basle. Göttingen and Berlin. Professor of Ophthalmology. Nicolas van Hoboken (1632–1678). St George's and Charing Cross Hospitals. UK. St George's Hospital. Denmark. UK. Professor of Anatomy. George Sumner Huntington (1850–1916). American physician. Founder of Journal of Anatomy. Horner's syndrome: ptosis and pupillary constriction following interruption of the sympathetic supply to the eyelid and pupil. physician. Described ligation of the femoral artery in the subsartorial canal for popliteal aneurysm. John Hunter (1728–1793). London. German paediatrician. surgeon. surgeon. Harderwyk. Suffered himself from osteomyelitis of the tibia and made special study of bone pathology. line of: transverse skin crease at the groin caused by flexion of the hip. London. Gertrud Hurler (1889–1965). American gynaecologist. Hofbauer cells: placental macrophages in the chorionic villi. then Professor of Medicine and Mathematics in Steinfurt. Cambridge. Professor of Anatomy successively at Leipzig. Switzerland. UK. Copenhagen. Wilhelm His (Junior) (1863–1934). surgeon. George Murray Humphrey (1820–1896).John Hilton (1805–1878). Howship's lacunae: absorption spaces in bone. St Bartholomew's Hospital. Humphrey. UK.

Asymptomatic or pain on medial side of foot. Thomas Henry Huxley (1825–1895). Tenderness on palpation and swelling over area of navicular bone. André Feil (1884–?). Austria. Professor of Anatomy and Surgery. Berlin and Freiburg. which usually closes by the fifth year. Jeune’s syndrome: asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy.Huschke. Germany. possibly due to repetitive compressive forces which cause a loss of blood supply and fragmentation in a bone that is not fully ossified. Slight. lecturer in Natural History. Royal School of Mines. neurologist at Salpetrière. Joseph Dejerine. Emil Huschke (1797–1858). less frequently. triangle of: triangular area in the wall of the right atrium which marks the site of the atrioventricular node. usually unilateral. Klumpke's paralysis: injury to lowest root of brachial plexus (T1). UK. More common in males. Köhler’s disease: An avascular necrosis of the tarsal navicular bone and. French paediatrician. Germany. Gustav Killian (1860–1921). Germany. Kiesselbach's plexus: site of haemorrhage on nasal septum. Erlangen. Paris. Jena. physician. Koch. Hyrtl's anastomosis: occasional anastomosis between umbilical arteries in the placenta. Mathis Jeune (b. Professor of Laryngorhinology successively in Freiburg and Berlin. Maurice Klippel (1858–1942). France. Paris. neurologist. Killian's dehiscence: gap between the attachments of the inferior constrictor of the pharynx to the cricoid and thyroid cartilages – site of origin of a pharyngeal pouch. anatomist. ear nose and throat surgeon. Jackson's membrane: peritoneal fold between caecum or ascending colon and lateral abdominal wall. Kartagener's syndrome: genetic disorder (immotile cilia syndrome) affecting axonemal dynein function. Switzerland. Married to another neurologist. France.
. Augusta Dejerine-Klumpke (1859–1927). Huxley's layer: the inner layer of cells of the root sheath of a hair. Jabez North Jackson (1868–1935). Manes Kartagener (1897–1975). 1910). onset at 3 to 8 years of age. but may persist throughout life. foramen of: deficiency in the floor of the bony part of the external auditory meatus. An early supporter of Darwinism. Wilhelm Kiesselbach (1839–1902). Professor of Anatomy. neurologist. Kansas City. Walter Koch (1880–?). Klippel–Feil syndrome: congenital fusion or reduction in number of cervical vertebrae. physician and pathologist. Joseph Hyrtl (1811–1894). France. USA. the patella. limp.

successively Professor of Surgery at Glasgow. USA. Joseph (Lord) Lister (1827–1912). France. pathologist. diffuse inflammation of the submandibular and sublingual spaces. Professor of Histology successively at Würzburg. Johann Nathaniel Lieberkuhn (1711–1756). Professor of Anatomy. Martin Lisfranc (1790–1847). in epidermis and other epithelia. Professor of Surgery. Lister's tubercle: a prominence on the posterior surface of the distal radius. Louis. Antoine Louis (1723–1792). neurologist. Karl Ritter von Edenberg Langer (1819–1887). at the age of 22. University of Vermont. Germany. and then Vienna. he is also linked to the design of the famous Guillotine. Professor of Pathology. Breslau. rapidly expanding. Lieberkühn. fasciculus of. II or III fractures: system of classification of facial fractures.
.and other hormone-secreting cells of the pancreas. France. Franz Von Leydig (1821–1908). Interestingly. Berlin. Langhans cells: cells of the villous cytotrophoblast. Germany. islets of – clumps of insulin. Little's area: site of haemorrhage on the nasal septum. Lissauer. France. Tübingen and Bonn. London. Lille. surgeon. angle of: sternal angle: the angle formed on the anterior surface of the sternum at the junction of its body and manubrium. Le Fort I. René Le Fort (1869–1951). Maître de chirurgie and later appointed Professor of Physiology at the Royal College of Surgeons. Paris. Ludwig’s angina: a potentially life-threatening. Professor of Surgery. Lisfranc's ligament: interosseous ligament between the second metatarsal and first cuneiform bone of the foot. These glands were described by Malphighi (see below) in 1688. Germany.Langer's lines: cleavage or crease lines in the skin produced by the arrangement of the subcutaneous fibrous tissues. Heinrich Lissauer (1861–1891). UK. Leydig cells: the interstitial testosterone-secreting cells of the testis. tract of: ascending tract in the spinal cord. Austria Langerhans: cells – dendritic cell of haemopoietic origin. Described the islet cells in his doctorate thesis in 1869. physician and anatomist. Hungary. Edinburgh and King's College. Switzerland. James Laurence Little (1836–1885). Paul Langerhans (1847–1888). occurring most often in young adults with dental infections. ulnar to the groove for the tendon of extensor pollicis longus. Paris. Jaques de St. Freiburg. Theodor Langhans (1839–1915). Berne. crypts of: tubular glands of the small intestine.

Tübingen. French surgeon and physiologist. François Magendie (1783–1855). Antoine Bernard-Jean Marfan (1858–1942). Professor of Gynaecology. Luschka: bursa of. (lateral Luschka aperture) – accessory pharyngeal recess in front of the anterior arch of the atlas. orange G and aniline blue stain for connective tissue. Sir William Macewen (1848–1924). France. French-born Canadian pathologist. diverticulum – the remains of the vitello-intestinal duct. Louis Charles Malassez (1842–1909). Claude Laurent Pierre Masson (1880–1959). Masson’s trichrome stain: a stain for connective tissue. uncovertebral joints of – small synovial joints on either side of the intervertebral cartilaginous joint in cervical vertebrae C3-7 (between the uncinate process of the inferior vertebral body and the bevelled lateral border of the superior body at each level). Berlin. Magendie. aperture of: the median aperture in the roof of the fourth ventricle. Scottish surgeon. Professor of Anatomy. Martinotti’s cell/neurone: a fusiform neurone in the deepest layer of the cerebral cortex Giovanni Martinotti (1857–1928). Johann Meckel (1781–1833). University of Paris. Boston pathologist. Alwin Mackenrodt (1859–1925). rests of: Epithelial remnants of the enamel organ found in the periodontal ligament. Mallory’s triple stain: Mallory’s acid fuchsin. Paediatric clinic. His grandfather was Professor of Anatomy in Berlin and described the pterygopalatine ganglion and the dural sac which contains the ganglion of the trigeminal nerve. foramen of. Macewen’s triangle: Macewen’s triangle is the surface marking of the mastoid antrum. Meckel's: cartilage – the cartilage of the first branchial arch.
. Professor of Infantile Hygiene. His work established the treatment of intracranial complications of middle ear suppuration. Frank Burr Mallory (1862–1941). Germany. Germany. as well as subluxated ocular lenses. Malassez. His father was also Professor of Anatomy in Halle. often associated with cardiovascular abnormalities such as dissecting aortic aneurysms and valve defects. German surgeon and obstetrician. Hubert Luschka (1820–1875). Halle. physician to the Hôtel Dieu. Professor of Anatomy. Marfan’s syndrome: autosomal genetic disorder of the connective tissue characterized by a long body and extended limbs and fingers.Wilhelm Friedrich von Ludwig (1790–1865). foramina of – lateral aperture in the roof of the fourth cerebral ventricle. Mackenrodt's ligament: the transverse cervical (or cardinal) ligament of the uterus. Paris. Bolognia pathologist.

The chair was also held by his father and his son – all named Alexander. tubercles of: sebaceous glands situated in the areola of the breast. laws – the laws of inheritance of single-gene traits that form the basis of the science of genetics. Professor of Neurology. then Göttingen. UK. Edinburgh. and Physiology at Göttingen. USA. French otorhinolaryngologist. Adolf Meyer (1866–1950). Moll. lies close to the surface of glabrous skin and sensitive to sustained pressure. ophthalmologist. Germany. Heinrich Meibom (1638–1700). Mirizzi syndrome: partial obstruction to the flow of bile and the appearance of mild jaundice as a result of biliary stones. Jacob Antonius Moll (1832–1914). see below). Vienna. amygdala and thalamus. Austria. corpuscles – sensory nerve endings in the skin. Meissner's: corpuscles – tactile nerve endings in skin. Morgagni: columns of – the columns of the anal canal. Germany. Montgomery. William Montgomery (1797–1859). Professor of Anatomy and Physiology. of Zoology and Physiology at Freiburg. The Netherlands. basal nucleus of: part of the 'substantia innominata' of the basal forebrain: contains large cholinergic neurones that project to the cerebral cortex. Professor of Anatomy successively at Rostock. The Hague. (Previously described by Morgagni. Meynert. plexus – submucosal autonomic plexus of the intestine. Argentinean physician. neurologist. Helmstadt. History and Poetry. Friedrich Sigmund Merkel (1845–1919). first described by Gregor Mendel in 1865. Prosper Ménière (1799–1862). glands of: modified sweat glands associated with the eyelashes. Czech Republic Ménière’s disease: aural or auditory vertigo. Professor of Anatomy. disc – slowly adapting type I receptor. Gregor Johann Mendel (1822–1884). Dublin.Meibomian glands: the tarsal glands of the eyelid. Ireland.
. Basle. Professor of Midwifery. Professor of Medicine. Germany. Pablo Mirizzi(1893 – 1964). George Meissner (1829–1905). Merkel: cells. If blocked they become distended into meibomian cysts. Meyer's loop: portion of the geniculocalcarine radiation. Abbot and pioneer of genetics from Brno. Theodore Herman Meynert (1833–1892). foramen of: the foramen between the lateral and third ventricles of the brain. glands of. Monro. Alexander Monro (1733–1817).

orbital muscle of – collection of smooth muscle fibres spanning the infraorbital fissure. American surgeon. English mathematician and physicist. Germany.hernia – congenital diaphragmatic hernia between the sternal and costal attachments of the diaphragm. Heinrich Müller (1820–1864). Professor of Anatomy. Founder of modern morbid anatomy. Ernst Moro (1874–1951). accompanying the round ligament in the female. neurologist successively of Frankfurt. Germany. Professor of Surgery. James Rutherford Morison (1853–1939). Leipzig. Germany. for 59 years. which when applied in a vacuum to a body having a mass of one kilogram. Nitabuch's layer or stria: layer of fibrinoid matrix between basal plate of placenta and endometrium. hepatorenal pouch of: the right subhepatic space. usually completely obliterated in the female. Nuel. Padua. German physician. Heidelberg and Munich. arthritic changes. spaces of: space between outer rods of Corti and hair cells. Its functions are uncertain. Germany. accelerates it at the rate of one meter per second squared. Nissl: bodies. Berlin. UK. Nabothian cyst. or the testis in its descent into the scrotum in the male. Germany. Compression of the plantar nerve by a tumor. second law of motion – applied force = mass x acceleration Sir Isaac Newton (1643–1727). Giovanni Battista Morgagni (1682–1771). Professor of Medicine. Raissa Nitabuch (19th Century). granules – basophil granules in cytoplasm of neuronal somata. Müller: cells – neuroglial cells in the retina. Morton’s neuroma: A disease of the foot characterized by a sudden cramplike pain in the metatarsal area radiating to the 4th and 5th toe and sometimes to the calf of the leg. Newtonian: equations – using the SI unit of force (N). follicle: retention cyst of uterine cervix. Dutch anatomist. Moro reflex: startle reflex. Morison. Durham. Professor of Anatomy. physician. Anton Nuck (1650–1692). or bursitis is the common cause. Würzburg. staining technique – specific stain for these granules. Thomas George Morton (1835 – 1903). Italy. canal of: a diverticulum of the peritoneal membrane extending into the inguinal canal. Nuck. Franz Nissl (1860–1919). Martin Naboth (1675–1721). Professor of Anatomy. Johannes Müller (1801–1858).
.

USA. physician and anatomist. Filippo Pacini (1812–1883). this condition is an autosomal dominant disorder most commonly associated with deletion of GAG in the coding region of the DYT1 gene encoding torsinA. surgeon. Oppenheim’s dystonia: Oppenheim described dystonia musculorum deformans (DMD) a movement disorder characterized by twisting or turning movements and abnormal postures. Rome. Ondine’s curse: primary alveolar hypoventilation. Professor of Otology. Professor of Anatomy and Physiology successively at Pisa and then Florence. Professor of Surgery. Switzerland. Louvain and later Liege. Hermann Oppenheim (1858–1919). Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery. sphincter of: the sphincter at the termination of the common bile duct. Harvard University. Rome. University of Pennsylvania. Oddi. Ondine.Jean Pierre Nuel (1847–1920). Boston. Italy. American dermatologist and electron microscopist. It has recently been suggested that the condition should be referred to as ‘Oppenheim’s dystonia’. Italy. contour lines of: accentuated incremental lines in the dentin thought to be due to disturbances in the mineralization process. Carl Schlatter (1864–1934). A Onodi. Italy.
. a sea nymph in German mythology who cursed an unfaithful human lover by abolishing the automaticity of his bodily functions. Owen. German neurologist. containing hydrophobic phospholipid. Philadelphia. Now called early-onset primary torsion dystonia. Robert Bayley Osgood (1873–1956). Pancoast tumour: apical carcinoma of the lung involving C8 and T1 nerves. Osgood–Schlatter disease: osteochondrosis of tibial tuberosity. Onodi cell: sphenoethmoid cell formed by lateral and posterior pneumatisation of the most posterior ethmoid cells over the sphenoid sinus. Odland bodies: small lamellated structures (keratinosomes) in granular layer of epidermis. Defined by parallel deviations of neighbouring dentinal tubules. Zurich. George Fisher Odland (1922–1997). Antoine Pacchion (1665–1726). Professor of Radiology. Pacinian corpuscles: corpuscular lamellosum. 20th century Hungarian laryngologist. Ruggero Oddi (1845–1906). English anatomist and paleontologist Pacchionian bodies: arachnoid granulations. Belgium. Henry Pancoast (1875–1939). USA. The sphincter had already been described by Glisson (see above) in the 17th century. the cervical sympathetic chain and upper ribs. Massachusetts. Sir Richard Owen (1804–1892).

producing a fibrous chordee. Peyer's patches: lymphoid aggregates in the ileum. Poirier. Pfeiffer’s syndrome: a congenital syndrome characterized by craniostenosis. Pringle manoeuvre: the application of digital or mechanical pressure across the entire free edge of the lesser omentum resuting in complete. Austria. There is a discrete interval between the inferior margin of this ligament and the palmar horn of the lunate which is known as the space of Poirier. Professor of Logic. Paul Poirier (1853–1907). mammillary body. rigidity. Rhetoric and Medicine in Schaffhausen. space of: a few of the fibres of the radioscaphocapitate ligament (a carpal ligament) attach to the body of the capitate. Potter’s syndrome: a rare condition combining a characteristic facial appearance with renal agenesis or hypoplasia and other defects. 1931). temporary occlusion of the hepatic portal vein. facial anomalies. neurologist. Professor of Physiology first in Breslau. German human geneticist. Rudolf Arthur Pfeiffer (b. French surgeon. then Vienna. Joseph Paneth (1857–1890). François de la Peyronie (1678–1747). or bar. ridge (bar) – projecting ridge. James Parkinson 1755–1824 English physician Passavant's: muscle – upper fibres of palatopharyngeus. usually occurring in late life.
. glossoptosis. involving the hippocampal formation. USA. Frankfurt. Pringle the Elder(1863 – 1941). Peyronie’s disease: induration of the corpora cavernosa of the penis. surgeon. French dentist. Edith Louise Potter. French surgeon. Papez circuit: a neuroanatomical circuit mediating emotion. Johann Conrad Peyer (1653–1712). famous Australian surgeon. Switzerland. hepatic artery and common bile duct. U-shaped cleft palate. expressionless face etc. anterior nuclei of the thalamus and cingulate gyrus. and broad thumbs and great toes. Parkinson’s syndrome/disease: resting tremor. Phillip Gustav Passavant (1815–1893).Paneth cells: bacteriocidal lysozyme-secreting cells. syndactyly of hands and feet. James Wenceslas Papez (1883–1958). abnormal skull shape. J. Prussak’s: fibres – elastic and connective tissue fibre bounding the pars flaccida membranae tympani. on posterior wall of pharynx which appears during swallowing. generally caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurones in the substantia nigra. Pierre Robin sequence: micrognathia. Germany. early 20th century American paediatric surgeon. Pierre Robin (1867–1950). Saarbrücken.

Königsberg. responsible for transmitting pain sensation from the pulp of the tooth. Raynaud’s disease: idiopathic paroxysmal bilateral cyanosis of the digits due to arterial and arteriolar contraction. axons lose their myeline sheath (but not their Schwann cells) as they penetrate the cell-rich and cell-free zones to make synaptic contact with the odontoblast cell body in the pulp or odontoblastic process within the dentinal tubule. decrease in lacrimation and salivation and otalgia. fibres – subendocardial muscle fibres.space – superior recess of the tympanic membrane. Louis Antoine Ranvier (1835–1922). Purkinje: cells. caused by cold or emotion. Raschkow’s plexus: a plexus of myelinated nerve fibers located between the core of the pulp of the tooth and the cell-rich zone. German anatomist. Maurice Raynaud (1834–1881). Cavendish Professor of Physics. progressive. from which develops the stapes. Johannes Purkinje (1787–1869). Poland. USA. Columbia University. Reichert’s cartilage: A cartilage in the mesenchyme of the second branchial arch in the embryo. nodes of: gaps between adjacent segments of myelin sheath. 3rd Baron Rayleigh OM (1842–1919). Reinke's: crystals – rod-shaped crystals in the interstitial cells of the testis and hilus cells of the ovary. Martin Heinrich Rathke (1793–1860). where axonal plasma membrane is exposed. Karl Bogislaus Reichert (1811–1883). inflammatory CNS disorder. Professor of Physiology. Breslau and then Prague. Alexander Prussak (1839–1897). Utah. Russian otologist. Ranvier. Germany. hyperacusis. New York. American neurologist. Parisian pathologist. the stylohyoid ligaments and the lesser cornua of the hyoid bone. French physician. James Ramsay Hunt (1874–1937). Theodore Brown Rasmussen (1910–2002). neurons – large neurones forming a single eponymous layer in cerebellar cortex. unilateral loss of taste. Rasmussen’s encephalitis: rare. Ramsay Hunt syndrome: herpes zoster involvement of the geniculate ganglion associated with facial paresis. John William Strutt. the styloid processes. University of Cambridge. Professor of Zoology and Anatomy. Professor of Neurology.
. Rathke's pouch: diverticulum of roof of stomodaeum which forms the anterior pituitary gland. Rayleigh scatter: scattering of light or other electromagnetic radiation by particles much smaller than the wavelength of the light.

used for demonstrating blood corpuscles and malarial parasites. glands of: modified rudimentary sebaceous glands attached directly to the follicles of the eyelashes. Germany. Professor of Medicine and Director of Botanical Gardens. Göttingen. Professor of Anatomy. ligament of: band attached to posterior cruciate ligament of the knee. circle (or zonula) of: an (often incomplete) vascular circle within the sclera formed by branches of the short posterior ciliary arteries. tuberculum of – the first modern and accurate descriptions of the paranasal sinuses can be traced to the works of the late 19th century Austrian anatomist. Surgery and Botany. German ophthalmologist. Harvard pathologist. Swiss-American paediatrician. Austria. Professor of Anatomy. Professor of Medicine. Whitworth JA 2001 Dictionary of Medical Eponyms. whose centripetal branches supply the laminar region of the optic nerve head. Germany. Physiology. Wrisberg. University of Göttingen. London: Parthenon. University of Copenhagen. Edward Zeis (1807–1868). Victor Albrecht von Haller (1708–1777). Wright’s stain: a mixture of eosin and methylene blue. Zellweger syndrome: inherited defect in peroxisome biogenesis and functioning. Heinrich August Wrisberg (1739–1808). Zinn/Haller. Emil Zuckerkandl (1849–1910). Professor of Anatomy at Graz and then Vienna. Ole Worm (1588–1654). Danish physician.
Many of the eponyms listed above are described in more detail in Firkin BG.
. James Homer Wright (1869–1928). Zeis. Zuckerkandl: fascia of – the retrorenal fascia. Johann Gottfried Zinn (1727–1759).Wormian bones: small bones which occasionally occur along the labdoid suture of the human skull (also called sutural bones). Göttingen. Hans Ulrich Zellweger (1909–1990). Germany.