Wednesday, April 20, 2011

Nike has been one of the leading companies to create a strong image for themselves all over the world. Their products are well known for their quality and durability, and they are established and well-respected by its consumers. The unique selling approach to Nike is that they are known for possessing an unparalleled marketing campaign; they created an ideology along with selling a product. The quality of their products is already known, Nike has been placed at the top of the hierarchy of brand salience. What Nike offers, as far as positioning, is a sense of cultural belonging, the promise of individual accomplishment, and encourages dreams of parity with the world's greatest athletes. Nike is able to create this commodity sign and brand image through their latest commercial titled The Human Chain.

This commercial is visually stunning and powerful thanks to the cinematography and editing to create this fluid movement throughout the piece. It is showcasing the skills of top athletes, featuring an eclectic mix of talents including, Lance Armstrong, LaDanian Tomilson, Maria Sharipova, Quinton "Rampage" Jackson, and Derron Williams. Along with these world class athletes, the ad also features regular athletes, especially younger children, working on improving their skills. The video also features the track "Ali in the Jungle" by British band, the Hours. The song is the narrative of the commercial, where the lyrics are used as Nike's intention of simply asking you if you get knocked down, how quick are you going to get up?

The opening shot of the first sequence is of a runner with prosthetic legs at the starting line of the track in an empty stadium. The music begins, with a close up of his prosthetic legs, then we see a wide of him taking off at the sound of the gun. There are multiple images of the same athlete running, showing his progression down the track. While he is shown wearing Nike apparel, the focus is more on his performance. The commercial is called the human chain because it is creating a beautiful, unbroken chain of human movement using the time lapse photography style.

In the third shot we see the transition from the track star to the soccer player, again it is in the same format of this time-lapse imagery where we see multiple images of the same person moving differently and simultaneously. While the music continues to play, the style of how this commerical was shot urges you to push forward while looking back at your displacement from just a split-second ago, as one short action is actually a chain of events sparked by the will to progress and move forward. The audience continues to see this through other athletic disciplines such as basketball, tennis, martial arts, bmx, bull riding. Seeing these different athletes working hard and practicing with such determination, Nike is attempting to reach a broad audience and hoping to inspire them by showing them how these athletes perform.

Nike's intention is to inspire the consumer, its positioning is to be memorable, not necessarily focusing on the use of the product but what the product represents. The commercial uses an extraordinary and excessive style to capture individualism and progress. It is appealing to a higher sense of excellence and instills a sense of individual accomplishment. There's a lot of emotional raw power throughout this commerical because towards the middle of these great athletes' practices there is conflict. In this shot the chain crashes and as the athlete, mixed martial artists, Rampage Jackson falls down. There is close up shot of him on the ground lying there for a still moment. The song is extremely important in this clip because it says "everybody gets knocked down" repeatedly. This moment creates a very organic feeling of how humans, even the best athletes in the world, are not perfect. The beauty of this scene is that it is not glamorized or glorified, it embodies failure and how one can get out of sync or break off from the chain. By showing a top athlete falling down and failing it makes it more relatable to the consumer, it has a very realistic approach and persuades them that even these god-like athletes are not perfect and do have to work hard.

The following shot is of the same athlete immediately getting back up to his feet after the following words from the song say "how quick are you gonna get up?" The chain is then back into sync transitioning to the next sport, football, as the football player is seen pushing his way through the opposing team again in the same multiple image format.

The final shot has the most impact as it is a continuation of the human chain with the last featured athlete, Lance Armstrong. It shows a smooth transition of him riding down the roadside, with extreme focus and determination. Also you can see more of the Nike brand and his partnership with his Livestrong campaign. Here the ad not only draws on our knowledge of the content presented but on our knowledge of the world. For example the ad pushes the audience to want to do further research of these athletes and find out what their struggles are, and how they accomplished so much while facing these obstacles. Putting Lance Armstrong at the very end left a strong impression because of the use of intertextuality. The audience knows his relationship with Nike and struggle with cancer and Tour de France victories. His success solidifies Nike’s intended message of the advertisement.

Nike draws interconnections with their product and various popular sports, that relate to individual athletic success with prominent athletes constructing a convincing world of symbols, ideas, and values harnessing the desires of individuals to the consumption. From Lance Armstrong on his bike, to a six-year-old in China learning martial arts, movement is the universal language that connects us all. It’s a language of beauty, drama, tragedy and triumph. And the road to athletic greatness is not marked by perfection, but the ability to constantly overcome adversity and failure.

This commercial begins with a model walking dramatically in what appears to be the desert as music builds. The camera fades to black and the line “This Christmas” is shown on the screen. We see the model again briefly, then “Victoria’s Secret presents” is shown. Again with the model, and now the line “One gift” is shown. They are really driving up the suspense here. The doors open to a big house with a model in a chair in the middle of the room, and we see the line “A thousand fantasies.”

Now the action happens. The music comes in strongly and suddenly there are models coming out of helicopters, hanging out on motorcycles, walking through fire, and throwing knives. It is all very entertaining and exciting, and nobody even questions why these women are all in lingerie since that is typical of the kind of movies the commercial is emulating anyway.

Of course there are also random shots thrown in of the models just posing in the lingerie and looking at the camera in their seductive and slightly pouty way. No Victoria’s Secret commercial would be complete without them. The typical “fierce walking shots” are included as well. The commercial seems to be more concerned with featuring the models than the actual lingerie, since in some of these shots you cannot even really see what the model is wearing and may just see a close-up of her face.

Various “movie set” props are shown so that it appears that we are watching the models as they star in a movie.Intertextuality is used in the ad to refer to action movies. The entire commercial is really just a condensed version of an action thriller. Basically it is Victoria’s Secret meets Transformers, which is fitting since the commercial is directed by the explosion-loving Michael Bay.

The commercial is done in typical Michael Bay style, complete with helicopters and explosions. Even though these things may not be what people normally associate with lingerie, an association is created for the theme and product through the story of the commercial and its focus on fantasy. This association portrays Victoria’s Secret as a brand that is exciting and their product as something that will fulfill the consumer’s wildest fantasies.

This Victoria’s Secret commercial explores the theme of fantasy fulfillment. It features the models in various larger-than-life, straight out of a movie scenes that are meant to represent the fantasies of the audience. The fantasy fulfillment theme appeals to the consumer’s sense of lack by interpellating that they are unsatisfied with their normal lives and wish that they could be hanging out with Marisa Miller in her underwear on a pool table (or that they could be Marisa Miller.) Since that is not a realistic goal for most people, why not buy the lingerie she is seen in for yourself or your special lady friend so that you can feel a little bit like you’re a part of that fantasy scenario? Buying the lingerie is probably as close as you’re ever going to get to that particular fantasy. The fact that the commercial is set up to look like the models are filming a movie adds another dimension to the fantasy aspect. Wearing Victoria’s Secret lingerie is not only enough to make you feel like a supermodel; you get to feel like a supermodel filming a high budget action flick. Who knew buying a bra could make all of someone’s wildest dreams come true?

This commercial utilizes a soft sell approach to sell the product. Even though the product is featured prominently (though not as prominently as the models themselves), very little information about the product is actually given other than what it looks like on a supermodel and where it can be purchased. Emotional appeals are used to hook consumers. The whole premise of the commercial is that you should fulfill your fantasies, which presumably consist of being with or actually being a Victoria’s Secret model, by purchasing lingerie from Victoria’s Secret. The company uses beautiful models in the ad because seeing them wearing the product creates a desire for the consumer to want to emulate them, which they can accomplish somewhat by buying the product.

No matter how outlandish the fantasies portrayed in the commercial may actually be, the exciting feel of it is likely to make people associate the lingerie with the way they felt when they were watching the commercial. Even people who do not necessarily want purchase lingerie to emulate a Victoria’s Secret model are likely to be entertained by the commercial, so the positive associations the commercial makes on an entertainment level are effective. After all, the great majority of people have to buy underwear, even the ones that don’t really care about underwear models. The commercial is memorable and this action movie strategy must have paid off, since Michael Bay has directed other commercials with similar themes for the company since this one.

I think this ad definitely produces a sense of nostalgia because throughout the entire commercial you see different clips from very old originial Coca Cola commercials. You see the classic polar bear we all used to know and love and even the little boy offering his coke to Mean Joe Greene that was in an ad decades ago. This particular commercial is all about knowing the secret formula for Coca Cola, but they did it in a way that would make everyone recollect on what Coca Cola used to be about and still is today.

Monday, April 18, 2011

This is part of a series of ads by T-Mobile that features a representative of T-Mobile (cute girl in pink dress) as well as one guy to represent AT&T (older traditional business suit guy) and another to represent iPhone (young dude). This entire campaign is a reference to the older "I'm a Mac; I'm a PC" ads that Apple used to do, which was then referenced by Windows in their "I'm a PC" ads, and now we have these ads comparing T-Mobile to AT&T. Slightly confusing, but it's been shoved in our faces so much by now that surely everyone gets the reference and is "in on the joke," thus the T-Mobile ad accomplishes what it wants.

Orville Redenbacher (the company, not the man) wanted to evoke a sense of nostalgia so badly that they decided to use CGI to bring the man himself back from the grave to sell popcorn. Despite the fact that his image has been used on packaging for the products in the past even after his death, he hasn't been alive to endorse them in speaking ads for several years. I suppose they wanted us to see the kindly old man and think back fondly to an innocent time long ago... But actually it's just creepy. Public response wasn't great either and the ads didn't last long.

I feel like this Diet Coke ad creates a sense of irony. A diet coke can appears with a Starbucks like warmer around the can and the text above the diet coke can says "Good Morning." This ad is implying that Diet Coke in the morning is as good as coffee is to start your day. But I mean it's kind of ironic to show this can with a warmer on it because a diet coke that is so hot to burn your hand would not taste great at all. Diet coke is best enjoyed cold. And I know it's to create the coffee vs diet coke idea but its funny and ironic at the same time. It should have had a koozie around it.

Nostalgia is used in ads to make people remember what "the good ole days" were like. A time that they would love to be able to relive over and over or at least go back to for a moment. Coke ads always bring on that sense of nostalgia to me. This ads brings on a sense of the days when people went to the ballpark on Sundays after church. A family day out at the ballpark. This classic bottle on the mound also hits home to older generations when this is the only packaging it was sold in. An ice cold bottled coke at the ballpark is a time worth wanting to go back to.

This ad for T-Mobile is a good example of nostalgia as it appeals to a sense of lack. Here, we see retired basketball player Charles Barkley watching old footage of his days playing basketball in the 80s. He is making current basketball star Dwayne Wade watch this in order to be in his “top 5”. The style of the ad creates a sense of nostalgia because you see Dwayne Wade, a young up and coming basketball player, with a lollipop, almost child- like, being forced to watch Charles Barkley’s old games. Charles Barkley does this because he sees a lot of himself in Wade when he was in the NBA and by making him watch his old videos it fills that void of lack for Barkley that he misses from being a basketball star in the past.

I think this ad gives a sense of nostalgia to it's audience. It first approaches the style that creates a sense of experience and good background history by using the spokesperson that was originally used in the past. I think that even the word choice that they use for the slogan gives off this idea of bringing people back to the past. Underneath "Orville Redenbacher's" on the popcorn bowl to the right, it says, "Gourmet Popping Corn"; I think that by using the word choice of 'popping corn', it reminds people of the elders in their lives who they can relate to as having the best food and recipes, whether that be a cooked meal or fattening snacks such as popcorn.

Sunday, April 17, 2011

This commercial for AT&T reminded me of something with a bit of nostalgia. The commercial has the Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory song as a reminder of a childhood memory. Then asks you to go back to when you were five years old. Back to a time of being carefree and happy and AT&T can give you back that feeling.

Saturday, April 16, 2011

When we started talking about nostalgic ads in class I immediately thought of this old Welcher’s butterscotch commercial that features a young kid talking to his grandpa about imitation butterscotches and the surprising feeling they had over people actually buying them. At the end the put up the text the original and I feel like this commercial tries to take people back to an original moment in their childhood and talking to an elder like a grandparent having some type of knowledge imparted on them. Of course, they were probably talking about something more important than not buying imitation butterscotch candy, but this ad tries to play off of those kind of moments.

This Trojan condom ad displays irony because the groom passes his father-in-law’s test by seemingly passing on hooking up with his other daughter after she proposes hooking up to him. However, as the ad shows, the father-in-law was a little bit too quick to commend his future son-in-law because he wasn’t going to his car to get away from the other, very attractive sister. He was actually going in there to grab some condoms but comes out looking like a hero anyway because everyone in the family thinks he was dissing the other sister. The only thing that puts even a little bit of a damper on the groom’s stroke of luck is that the hot sister gives him a look of disappointment as if she really was wanting to hook up, not just set him up for failure.

Wednesday, April 13, 2011

In this ad the performers from the popular series Glee burst into song and dance to represent the new Folsom Chevrolet. The catchy tune of, "See the U.S.A." consists of the group dressed all in white, looking classy, syncronized and clean. The ad is embedded with intertextualities because every performer from the actual series is present to create one commercial for Chevrolet. Also, this ad connects the Chevrolet commercial in with an actual ad for the show Glee. By representing Chevrolet AND Glee it is a win/win situation.

I find many advertisements for food products use nostalgia as a means for authenticity. As a society we find comfort in our home, and for the lucky ones we find superiority in our mother's home cooked meals. If any food product could rival the tasty goodness we grew up with than there is an automatic draw to it. In this Pepperidge Farm commercial the old man presents a pretty straight forward form of nostalgia. Using an old fashioned toaster with his apparent grandson sitting next to him, he wants the veiwer to remember that family relationship. The elderly spokeperson recalls the time in our childhood when our grandmother made us our raisin toast and all that "buttery" deliciousness. This correlates to Freudian theory of how we long for that motherly (or in this case grandmotherly) closeness and feel an emptiness. Perhaps enjoying this Pepperidge Farm toast will alleviate the longing we have to go back to that time, because Pepperidge Farm "remembers" too.

Post a TV commercial or print ad that uses strategies of nostalgia, irony, or intertextuality. In about 100 words, describe why you think it uses that strategy, and how it works in the ad through style and content.

Score: 10 points for Ad and Description (Choose either nostalgia, irony, or intextuality)

BONUS: Get another 10 points by doing another ad and description for one of the terms not used for the first post. For example, if your first ad is about nostalgia, your second must be either irony or intertextuality.

Monday, April 11, 2011

[Below is a sample of what an online critique might look like instead of a written paper. This is a work in progress!]

One of the most famous television advertisements of all time only ran once--the Apple Macintosh ad from 1984. Here you would give a little more detail about the ad and why it was famous, or what it was for, such as how this was the way Apple introduced a new computer for the first time, or how the ad agency tried to get rid of both spots. Since you will be writing about a contemporary ad, you could describe other similar brands, or other strategies the brand has used. It is up to you. After your introduction to the ad, you should embed the ad like this.

Then you get on to general discussion of the ad, tacking whichever elements of it you think are the most important as discussed in the paper assignment. Rather than writing a shot chart, you should provide frame grabs of appropriate shots from the ad. The easiest way to get these is to hit pause while watching the video on YouTube, then do a screengrab. You can do this for all the shots you want, then open the screengrab files in a basic photo editing program to crop and resize them. You will also need to save them in the jpg format. You should provide 5-10 screen grabs to illustrate the visual techniques in the ad, and place them at appropriate points in your online essay.

This commercial begins with a very gloomy scene, faceless humans in drab clothes marching in unison in a hallway past monitors. Although we see some closeups on their faces, they seem undistinguishable. The editing and photography emphasizes how they march in step.

This is contrasted with a lone woman runner who is striking in red shorts. She has what looks like the outline of a computer on her shirt, but it is very hard to see without the ability to pause to view the frame. She carries a hammer and is running forward with much intention. You should do a better job of describing what you see. I am writing off the top of my head just to show how to put things together.

Wednesday, March 30, 2011

This ad displays coolness to me because in my opinion as a male being cool is directly correlated with being able to impress women and here this guy is just taking off one shirt after another after spraying himself with this spray and watching women faint because of it.This ad is definitely for men and to me the attitude showed is just one of confidence and being capable of getting girls as a man.

I can't stand vodka of any kind, and I think Vincent Gallo is a jerk but I like the appeal of the ad. I looked at the responses to this video to see how it appealed to people and this response stuck out to me: "i LOVE this﻿ commercial! so much that i sought it out on youtube! i think its so great because when i watch it, i get that feel good mood like i am at a fun party. it definetly makes ME want to go out and get some Belvedere!" Bam. I believe that the quote above is what the advertisers were going for. The song and the way it was shot appealed to me, the individuals gave off that "cool" nonchalant vibe so popular with the younger generations today. What is cool? Celebrities, partying and Belvedere. This ad creates the feeling of high society but with a modern and youthful twist.... "Luxury Reborn". A tornado lifestyle of excess and fun.

I chose this Domino's ad because it is similar to Bill Bernbach's "anti-advertising" strategy because the CEO recognizes their faults and wants to make his pizza better. He asks the customer why they are failing to make quality food and wants to know what they need to change. This ad goes against traditional forms of everyday advertisig by doing the opposite of what a company normally does. There have been several commercials for this campaign, recieving a "tornado" of pictures from regular customers who are dissatisfied with their pizza. The attitudes evident in the commercial show the apology of the company being careless with their brand name and wanting a second chance to make it right. In order for consumers to keep buying the product, they want to fix and do everything in their power to advance their sales and to keep them from being at the bottom of the totem pole.

This paper advertisement, from a 1993 magazine, is for R.J Reynolds Tobacco Co. and highlights Camel Cigarettes with the infamous Joe Camel. Ad shows Joe standing by his red convertible with a pack of smokes rolled in his sleeve.TORNADO.It's suggesting that you will look as cool as Joe Camel while smoking Camel Lights. This ad is suggesting the look of being cool as Joe Camel posted up by his car in a tight black t-shirt and sunglasses with a confident pose

Tuesday, March 29, 2011

The characteristics I see that approach the "coolness" aspect of this Pepsi product are the creative background and the fact that the usage of this product can be a drink as well as a fragrance that will make you attractive to others. This "coolness" appeal is aimed at a female audience. The attitude is definitely positive in this ad and creates an idea that this consumption will create a tornado of different attractive virtues.

Monday, March 28, 2011

This commercial for electrolux appliance shows how anyone can be the ideal housewife. Kelly Ripa shows how with the help of these new appliances show can be more efficient and fulfill all the needs of her family.

This is an advertisement placing emphasis on Ajax House Cleaner. This advertisement appeals to the "True Housewife Type" after reading the article discussed in class. The ad shows a mother along with her son at home. You get the idea that the mom is house mom by the her appearance of casual clothing and the emphasis of cleanliness in her home.

These are four contemporary magazine ads that are directed towards housewives trying to impose the feeling of being an efficient housewife who is also appealing to her husband at the same time. The one at the top right really displays that as it says the harder a wife works the cuter she looks, trying to encourage them to use their product.

This ad reveals the importance of having a clean house and how to maintain one. When you read the text, it shows how fast and simple it is to use the product and get the outcome you desire. The female is also happy to see that her job has gotten done in a timely manner.

This advertisement is from Armstrong flooring. It shows what looks like to be a business woman sitting down in her house reading her newspaper. This relates to the article we read in class speaking about the Career Woman or Would-Be Career Woman. She is the person who believes a womans place isn't in the house. This woman has a job and is too critical about many tools to help with the house.

Thursday, March 24, 2011

This commercial shows how the Electrolux appliances can help make your life easier and things are made quicker, so your family will stay happy...And you will have an abundance of muffins and pancakes..

Tuesday, March 22, 2011

Susan J. Douglas gives an eye opening view of the advertising world's view on the "free woman". Women had long been the object of the advertiser as the one willing to spend money on the things that would make their appearence look and feel better. The 1980's ad angle was to use both feminism and antifeminism to an advantage. While portraying a woman in a luxurious setting, the woman can only attain luxury after she purchases that item that will in theory set her free.The method of gaining the perfect look no matter what the cost can and will continue to be lucrative, although I have to agree that true liberation will never be met.

This video shows an ad for a shampoo that will leave you with the best hair no matter the tough conditions...Because you are worth it.

This video shows hair coloring as the most luxurious thing to do. Beautiful, long lasting color all possible if you buy this product

What other cosmetics ads used today give the impression of "liberation" through these products?

Do you feel that the products for women today are advertised with a sense of false freedom with a never ending goal?

Wednesday, March 9, 2011

This picture by Andy Warhol is used as an advertisement by Cingular and Nokia to commercialize an Andy Warhol Branded Camera phone. Phones in general, especially today, are what keep people socially connected. Through the use of different features on this phone, pictures taken can be "warholized" to imitate or mimic some of Warhol's pop culture work.

Andy Warhol started painted Coca-cola into his Pop art way of painting. Coke along with Campbells Soup were items that were being mass produced. He incorporated Coca-cola into his art as a dilogue of consumer culture.

In Andy Warhol's painting called Knives he took a basic kitchen utensil and turned it into what he called pop art, his "mirror of America". The repetative object was his way of making America see what they needed. Warhol's vsion for Knives was for hunting and seduction.

The Brillo Box was originally designed to give a new look to the product. Andy Warhol then took this new look to the cleaning product and incorporated this design into the art world. Warhol took this design and turned it into a recognizable work which he was associated with. Even though Warhol originally didn't create the design he was such an icon that the box was instantly Warhol's work of art.

This image originated in 1980 and features women's high-heel shoes. You can vaguely make out the brand of one one the shoes, which helps as an advertisement for that particular brand. The image features consumer products that can be labeled as "timely" because of their old-fashioned look.

Tuesday, March 8, 2011

Andy Warhol's approach to making artwork of iconic American products such as Coca-Cola, evolved the phenomenon of popular culture through mass production. He reflected popular culture by incorporating images of consumer products, which gave each of his paintings a psuedoindvidualistic quality. In his Coca-Cola paintings, he gave the brand the appeal of instant accessibility to every type of consumer. He even states that "You can be watching TV and see Coca-Cola, and you know that the President drinks Coca-Cola, Liz Taylor drinks Coca-Cola, and just think, you can drink Coca-Cola, too."

In 1962 Warhol is the man that created the wonderful artwork that would be placed on each Campbell's can worldwide and for many years to follow. This picture says, "Andy Warhol And The Can That Sold The World" exclaiming that this soup can is at the top of food chain, selling not only itself, but much much more.

Wednesday, March 2, 2011

Kenon Breazeale reveals the emergence of the male consumer with the birth of Esquire magazine. Women had been long targeted in the advertising world as the main consumer for the house hold and referred to as the educated shopper. With men facing the frightening possibility of losing their jobs and the chance they might see their wives become the ones bringing home the bacon, a loss of “masculine self respect” began to cloud over the male population. Seizing this opportunity, Esquire was created so men could cope with this new leisure time and become empowered with all the misogynistic articles in the magazine. Esquire articles consisted of bashing how women were consumers of fads rather than resourcefulness, and men were the more sensible gender when it came to purchasing all things from furniture to liquor. It’s rather smart actually; the magazine actually motivated men to become more dominate in consumerism as a means to prove their masculinity. Not only did they rant about feminine incompetence, but Esquire also managed to sexually exploit women as well. Yay for multitasking. Pin ups were often displayed within the pages. Although I see the benefits of male consumerism becoming more important, I think the way Esquire pushed it ignited the flames of sexism we see today.

Tuesday, March 1, 2011

Steven Gelber introduces domestic masculinity to us as the creation of a male sphere inside of the home. The idea of space is presented, noting that when women began to work in the office, men felt they were being civilized and losing their manhood—therefore they needed to create something that gave them a new purpose, a new meaning for being a man. While previously hired help was called in to repair things, the Do-it-yourselfer found family bonding and masculine identity within the home. He explains that while men were the head of household and brought home the money, they often had very little to do there. The women raised children, while men were occupied with something else in another room, or left to meet up with friends (separating themselves from the family). Domestic masculinity was the answer to reacquainting themselves with manual skill, taking pride in something, saving money, and participating in family activities while retaining a masculine style. Do-it-yourself was most of all thought of as leisure. Work around the house was not work—it was recreation that soothed the stressed minds of men after being in an office all day. Working on things gave them a sense of satisfaction that may have ceased to exist within their jobs. This change also brought fathers and sons closer. Fathers passed on specific skills to their sons, a form of masculine bonding. The housing market was booming in the 1930s, and because home ownership was popular among the blue collared, do-it-yourself was an activity that transcended class rather than gender. Although you would think that poorer homes had to save more money, rather than the rich, Gelber explains that men from all classes recognize do-it-yourself as not quite a chore, but something taken up voluntarily. It was a mixture of everything: leisure that was work-like and chores that were leisurely; the tasks were performed by middle-class men acting like blue-collar workers and blue collar workers acting like middle class homeowners. It was in other words, a hobby.

An example of the man carrying the heavy tools, the son helping him, and the wife directing them on what to do.

This advertisement for Dutch Boy paint indicates that the women were not Do-it-yourselfers, but the helpers or assistants. Also, it was typical for the woman to point out something that needed to be done, rather than doing it on her own. ("Honeydew")