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Mt. Vernon Democratic banner (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1853), 1860-01-17

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,5. f fri.t'.vA ;:5 r !-; J ! v , a i t I JV :1 'l 7 ,f ".X - : -Pi- J J til r .ttkiSZ -: :ri ii "Skis volume, xxiii. MOUNT ERNOJi JQmO; ; : '717,! :5;18GOi NTJMBEll 39. 4 - ! TUESDM;- JiAiNUARY ' - . -., , i i . 1.- - ' ntfnstiiig:J mxub 4 Vl"-.' '. The Fyi Islanders. . ' ... It is a curious fact. tbt the i&babiuata of .tbe ftalaods of tbe PaciSfc, eoerio s tb&t ocan does fully OQe-tbirJ of tbo eartb's Sornce, sboaki all be of one race,' and tbat race 6ne: verj jpareelj Vepreseated on asj of lb -sfcorea of tbat ocean. The Incipient and prospective tnagnitode ofcotn-vierce on the Paei6cgi frreat importaoc-to. "these islands and their iahabitantF; aiJ .:he con edition of affajra seems to promise iLatlbe ocean ic tribes are. destined at no distant 'Saj; td occu-py a couspicious position in the world's great drama. ' - . : - : Among all the tribes found among iha "islands :Of that great ocean none are more remarkable hn tbe F'jtand. Phjsicallj they Sfero to stand ''at tbebeaJ at the buinau race, standing nearly half a foot abpethe aFerag-e htibt of men. J ?with aorresponding derelttpment of-'lrmbs and V - "tnuscles; they are literally a race of giants. rThouh till Tery lately they were entirely dea'.i-tuteof a liter Hire and almost entirely without traditions, they possessed a moderate thare of material citiliiajipo, aa.djby tbejolnt advantages of a prolific soil and great industry they were well fed. Bat in naiad and character tbew were aarages of the very worst kind. Wr was their pastira!, and murder a ae art. All tbe worst Ipasaions and lusts of depraved men were in them Sieve loped and intensified into monstrous propor tioM, aad their whale case presentfd a most difficult problem to the advocates of the aun of the Arcadian simplicity of sarages or of the na-tiveoodoess of the human character. Cannibalism prevailed among their, not as a foul re ligiuns rite, but as a matter of merely animal ap- petite, and men, woman, and children fed greed-ily upon tbe flah of enemies slain or taken prisoner in battle, of stranjera cast opon their ahores. and these.failing, of thiroTn friends nd kin'lrfd. The whole Fij i au .-character : prese n U"I -itntron expressiveness a foarful cim hi nation ol. t?is'jHlity an i lieu iisbiie's, rari.derin" ihem a t r- V .riA u uXt wh'-might come in iheir wj; : A Ceylon Juggler. As this im one of the idle seasons of iheyenr luring which, labor is suitpended while wail in g-for the rains of tbe inocaouii, ere recoinuMsncirK the sow'mjr of rite; the Kaitdj ans were JouugHig 1 least 5.QO0 peraoua' standing- in Ir-. iug Phtce. atKMit their vilijit-s, or gathered, in group's "by tLe This immense throng, though terribly squeezed troadside, engaged in listless and eueriary a- j together,"(each "."n'e'w comer on the outside cto-noaenieuta. : Iu one place a crowd wa euiiet icl tnhuii.i'g hi, weight and inomentum. to the gen-:0 watch the feats of a juggler, who. to ur stir ernl jam, was exeeeingly quiet and well"beba"ed. rprise, commenced his performance by jumpiii Preientlyoll's baud, which waa stationed in wpoo tS a pole, and placing bis feet npm cros the balcony commenced playine patriotic airs, inir six feet from the ground. Ou this he cours ! The crowd were further eutertained by the deep ed aljfng-'by prodigious leap, aud returning to the audienf, steadied himself ou his perch, and then opened his exhibition. Thi consisted of ehdlesa effjrta ot legerdemain; catching pebbles ahroWn op to Ibimj b-y hi confederate, belaw, which, upon. opening bis chwed faaod, flew away : as birds; breaking au egg shell and allowing a small serpeut to escape from it; and keeping a aeries of brass balls in motion by striking them with his elbows, as well as his bands. Balancing . oo bis nose a small stick wilh au inverted cup at 1 top, from which twelve perforated balls were suspended by m'ken cords, be placed twelve ivor) rods in bis mouth, and so guided them by bis lips and tongue as to insert the 'end of each in a currespotidiug aperture in tbe ball, till the whole twelve were euxtained by the rods, and the ceu tral support take a away. This, and endless other tricks he performed, balancing himself all the while on tbe single pole ou which he stood. He took a ball of granite, six or seven inches in diameter, and probably fourteen pounds weigh, and, standing with bis arms exteuded iu a line, he rolled it from the wrist of one hand ac-riMS his shoulders to th wrist of the other, bac kw ard and forward repeatedly, apparently less by raising bis arms than by a vigorous effort of the mucles of his back; then aeiziug it in both bands be flung it repeatedly twenty feet high, and, watehing it in Its descent tlH withip a few inches of his skull he bent forward his head, and canght the ball each time between his shoulders, then, bounding long the road, still mounted on his pole, be closed his performance amid the smiles of the audience. - ' : An African Village. . v - j. The caravaa broke ground at 4 Pi-j(.,aa5 completing the principal zigzag made to avoid wars, arrived at Sonagongo, Kanoni, followed by a host of rfTen, women aud ebild ren, advanced to meet Che earavao, all roarinly intcxicnte-? . with'j oy, an4 laviBhpg"greet;cg9 of, welconie,witK,-no-ers of ''Vamboi Yuaabo, Sanaa," "How are ymMUT and "Very, wSl I hope?'' I which e a wVrmly returned. The Bhakingldf and were past num-1 fcer. and the 'Brooches and. Bnbay "could scaruf-! 4f oa seaa moviog aoder tbe hot n brae ea and hrpkieee'6f a-laiiring'damaels. When rccov- died Irom the shock .of ttis great outburst of feeling, hlanoui begged me to- fire a few snbu to ApprUe ni enemies, od especially his toibroth'-P1" .3Nro 'ti'ine waa UrtrV ITJbo aooor gav the order lhaa hae. binf went fy one of the escorts' "go Be. auif the exci ti ro wdi tnmediately seeVng suppossed "intag pj.t in the foregrpand, tasked ; madly j after him; Then pear were flourUed, thrnsi; tabbed.'Vnd wiiuurawDj wtw were. poiuted huge shields irotecied black; toiies, sticks nd 'atones Hew ike hail; then ILtre ' was a' sfigbt hAraat,' t&eo aaother advanco-i-dacicg to one tide and then to-the other, jumping and praociegf oa the same ftoandpsith bodies swaying there, until at length the whole farerouud was sy mast of moving ob jectsAa! rrir-- an3 Lopes Jike aojtrirfy of (rot i t-.it L--.i j.t c iuin, advancic t a" pond; .Ihen aaia tha guns went giving . fresh f fc fale to the exciting exercise. Thsit greatprin--aipal ia .raiLira appears to be that no one should .be) ulL- At e s.h report of the guns fresh eoe-'toles wera c.-overei retreating, and tht namoer tortLe;r t'-ia- was sarprisiug, . Jhese aa, thav iCtoptl, wrs, b l Lly dramatic action, aev-ra.y and immediately trampled -down and knelt " i . , n- hoppedTepeatedly with -nirea, wL.le the slayer ccimaaed showic-i tr--w-"" wurrj'.i- LU: lappo.ed" victim J. t 1 1-9 c-.y eer-y. that dogs display VUa 1 Faith In the Tnlon. i ir b." ir.' tose ratio " '-" I .-V 3 O Sailnj 0 Unfon,- strong and great! Humanity with all iU foars, i With alt the hop o future year," f Is haaglAg breathless on tTr fate !'.;;. We know what Master laid thy keol, What "Workman wrnght thy tlbs of steel, - Who made each ma&t, and rail, and roj; "What aarflg raag; wbht hammer best, -; 'In 'what a' forge and what a "beat ' "- VereVhaped th':" anchors of tby hopol .. ' Fear net each cuuden sound and shovk,. - v - : . Tis of the ware aad not the rock, f ' Tis tmt the ffafp:c g of tho' 6!1, - And not a rent made" by the gale! u lu sjjite of rock, and tcpt'8 roar, v ; y : - In ?pite of false ligtts en'the shore, ' ' ' ' Sail on, nor fear o breast the Sea ! , v Our heart, ur hopes, are all with, thee, . ; - Our hearts, our hopos, vur prayers, our tears. Are all with thee, arc all with thee ! From the New Tort Observer, Dec. 22. Union and Fraternity. ; "JUSTICE TO THE SOUTH." THE CHEAT rXIOX MDETIXC. 20,000 PATRIOTS IX COUNCIL. Speech of ReT. Dr. Bethune. The largest public meeting ever held in this city, or on the American contiufnt, . took place lart Monday night, - in au'J about the Academy of jJusic." Tbe vast concourse was worthy of the'eause, the noble one comprised "in the single phrase Justice u lie South.' Lorn; before six o'clock, before the business hours of th city were fairly , over,, befora people bad - taken their diuner, a crowd began to setnble in Irving Place," or the Western front of the Academy. As they arrived rapfctly from every portion of the city, they took their places iu front of the three gre-ii doors, and. waited .patiently, and in porftct .; nriitrf ir the ope niup of ibe' house. The Third -f.au:l .r,'..rtb nuciiue cars a;iJ all the lints. of ila- gee.k'Hdi.uip to.."the neibhoih v-d of the Acsdp- mv.'wcre jwKvl itiil or ciTiV-ns, all c ' rung up or tJowr, tor ti Same ; '-.purj f't t -to a:. I.j their ! pre'eiu-e ar,a vtiice, in tr.i.s satiijmc, p.ictat.t;otiS in t). dtcifji tretn.'U in behalf of the Corittitutitn antl tlif- CiiifU. Before six o lo k tbe re w-re at bass music of .thirty guns, ai-.d by a very handsome pyrotechnic display under tbe direction of the Messrs. Edge. Among the fireworks was one superb and highly appropriate symbolical piece, representing Union and Fraternity," with the American spread eagle soaring above. ; . Inside, en the stage, beautiful scene had been prepared by the' sub-committee on decorations. The great stage had been transformed into a gigantic tent of pure white, with a deep lower frtnpe of A merican fl igs. arid gracefully curtained folds of the oat:oial. colors in. front. In the back ground was in single nenteuce, " Justk-k asd Fbatehxitt." W athiiigion. Upon a broad white bauner stretcbiug elf an at-ru-s the ftage near ihe cfiUus; wereihe wordi: " INDIGNANTLY; FROWNING UPON T ILB F I RS T D AW NING OF E V E R Y A T-TEMPT TO ALIENATE ANY PORTION OF OUR COUNTRY FROM THE U EST, OR TO ENFEEBLE THE SACRED TIES WHICH NOW LINK TOGEIUER THE VA- R10US PARTS.'' Washington. : Beneath this were the mottoes " The Union must and thai! bt preserved." Jackson. " ' . 1 shall stand won ihe Comtiiuiioii. I need no other Flaiorm? Webster. Ou the private boxes in front of the stage were exhibited the names of Jefferson, Jackson, Web ster, Cal noun, Clay, Wright, Choate, Benton, Madison, Monroe. Tie CI airman" dek was draped with Ameri- can flags. t We bav only room for the speech of Dr. Bkthcss. Amid loud cries for " Beth uue," Rev. Dr. Bethune came forward and addressed the meet' ing. He said : . I rise. Sir, not becanse I have th presump tion to think that Ttan pre.?rve the attention of this T-ait ashinb'y, after all the exceUut things that they have beard this evening, at this late boor. Sir. I corns before this audience to how cay seif. . (Great ciMfering.) Insignificant - as I perRonaliy may be 'among.the. millions of this land, and weak in influence as tny voice may o, when that voice is called far, and there is a ques- i t,on where I 6tand, I wish to be reckoned with the Union now and forever. Loudeheera.--Ytia, Sir, I love the Union, and when I say that, it is with the wish that if that JTc ion la to perish, I may die first. .Aeplaase. ' And, Sir, there are many things which have heen said here this eveoiug, with some cf which I may frankly say, I could not Coineids. I am not going to read law in jyu, Sir. , ,i ts not tny prov'toce. and I mast be excused from accepting the theology'of aYnmA trsatif famafl aarKr. ' kaw m J Langtler. ir, vhea I aaw tht caff of this meeting T said I mast be thera,' jGoocf.JNeTi kv I attended pcULe nteetiag ant any vay bntleat naTre-iy ' my .11 fir. ,rCbaWTcl cries of V'j ui aW n-seieoca that W.aaias eve Searct mm TitiVrPt-n' planse.J J belong ko .xZUr service. : fRe- newedicheenDg.rI by af callliff and mv vows, a mintaterof the Gospel of Peace, cLeera.l and it la' as a 'mrnufer.cF peace that among yoa to n igVi. Applsnts.) , J is Uzk tti me. vbea the palpit isdesecrali dby appeals to the iniestaticistn -Ths r-Lt xaatJ is'ia' th ri-hl Uca l Um.r wtea eea by tcIsi cf ae-Iclbs, are canonized because they have shown the pluck ipf bull dog; with the blood-thirstiness of. the.ti-ger4- Applau8e it is high sirq, , I ,ay, that one who, humble as myself, beliyes .tfiaV the Gospel is 44 Peace on earth and, gocd will .to wanls man," should act upon his principles. (Loud applause. X will not , enter into any of the disputed questions that have bcee foisted into our meeting to-night. I have seen a discussion about the call of this meeting that there was first onecali, then it was altered for another call that the same people who figutdi aoe co.uld not have signed the other, I uever ,read-fiither one call or the. other thrpugb"(laughtM) al 1 saw in the call was the word ' Uui.on(con--tinued. cheering,) apd that was enough j .Its- newed cheering. I remember an honest .Gov ernor of Pennsylvania, whose ancestry was-traceable iu his broken speech, was appealed to for the pardon of a man who had murdered his wife, but the honest old man said, Wh.t ? ! " pardon a man for such crime as that a man who could take a woman, and promise to nourish and cherish, and den kill her ? --Vy be ought to be 'ahamed of himself." Uproarious laughter and cheers. So I say here to-night, if any man in getting up this meetiug, or in coming to this meeting, has had a thought of Democrat, or Republican, or Native American, higher in his mind than Uniou, he ought to be ashamed of himself. Loud Applause. Nor shall I have sympathy with him, except be repent in sack cloth and ashes. Laughter and applauses.) r You talk of the Union being dissolved. Sir here, has boen deep feeling in mit of the speeches that I have heard this evening. : They sa? if this Unicn is to be di.-solvcd-f hch the -Union is dissolved. Why, Sir, that U what we logieiuns ! call an impossible hypothesis. ; Laughter and applause. The Union is not guing to be dissolved. Do you remember, Sir, that Once ia old Rome there was a gulf opened across the city ; it was widening and widening until it threatened to engulf the whole of that splendid capital, wheu one Marcus Curtis mounted his steed, fully armed ard rode towards ihe chasm, and leaped into it, a willing; victim, to saveTaU Rome. Sir, should such n chasm happen in our Union there i not i but there are a hundred Curtis a Cundrt-d times -ten thousand, that are willing to l;ap into it. Divide the Union I Where are jou going to di ride tbe line ? ; A Voice--4Ma-. Kiu slid l)ixoii'i Hue,'' Musnn. and Dixon's fiddVsWcks 1 Loud laughter. . Do you want to go? .Which side do you mean to go? I know where I should go. It would be with that section which holds fastest to the Constitution -as it is. Loud cheers. - " Sir. if any man bus a right to be proud of his native place, perhaps it is the man who speaks lo you, for I was Wn in New York ? -W-hw ie the North ? What is the South ? What is the East 1 What is the West ? Take away this Union, aud we are nothing more than nothing- a couEicliug jostlitig chaos of rude, crumbling fragments. It i3 not for me to enter into this question; but, I repeat, where will yon draw si line? Will you split the Mississippi ? Try it. Are you going to divide by the assumed or imputed evil of Slavery.: Where does Slavery stop? They grow cotton At the South, '.hull where do they manufacture it ? . Tremendous cheering. '. I beg Tour pardon, but I have not time to be cheered.. I have read a story of Cook, .the drunken player, who Qoce, in Liverpool, came upon the stage to act, and his conditim being evident when he approached-the foot-lights, tbey biased him. Ilis indignatiou restored him for a moment, and ho looked at the Liverpudlians as he calied them, saying, " You hiss George Frederick Cook, yju people of Liverpool, with the sweat and blood of the slave between every two bricks of your bouse ? " . It was so. There never was a slate in Liverpool, if 1 remember, but they profited by the slave, Tbey bought and sold them. Yes, Sir, there exists, if I mistake not, in the Plate Room of Windsor Castle, a splendid service of gold , given to one of the rey-al dukes: by Liverpool merchants, for his efforts to prevent the abolition of the Slave trade. But I wander from my purpose, in recalling that historical reminiscence, which was to say that, in some sections of our land, where the londest cry is heard upon this question, men have grown rich upon the manufacture of tbe cotton . which was grown by these slaves, load cheers ; that the blood and the sweat of tbe slave ia between every two bricks of their sumptuous palaces. Now, people may call this what they please ; I call it hypocrisy. (Tremendous cheers.) Where will you draw this line? I will tell you where you most draw ft. ' If you draw, it' at a'l'you must draw it atigi&s and through our dearest h fections. s.We are one people. . The man who lives on the Arostock fa an his brother oo the Rio Grande. The Northern mother has given her child to the Southern plaater. and the Southera planter: bows iu tbaukfulness to God for the daughter -of the North to cheer his home. (Loud cheers.) Will you dissolve this Union ? (Cries of M No, no,"' aud cheers ) , I tell you, you need not ask the question. - You cannot you cannot. It will be far better than the Sabines and tbe Romans. Yon have'bofta ken violently the" women of the South to he your wives. . You have exchanged -caasafiguinity, You cannot separate them. What God at b joined together let no man put asauhder.Pro-,longapplaiMM,:1h'-h)le-ssemh!y Uie plavlorm, floor- and -galleriea'- a9 rising, waTtng baU, cheering and shouting fn wildeiithuBiasra.'l A word. or two more., j ,L will not say that . I will bar said all kh to Say.: :(Cries of " Go on, go n ) There are'manr thingli prtichT coBld saT. and in another coDdufon of circamstances mJgnt J oe giaa osay wnico j. snau not icj.ici npoa yon toa This is ook a time for dry;metaphy8tes. But I heUeve, Sir, that -we Inherit fronr-onr fathers some degree of that honesty and truth for which they,wers4isttnDishe(:.mdf3r which tliei God and Dar QoA; ble sedJlfienvTi Pur'fa' thers, cJada the-, com pact -of ; this Union oor fathers' iaads--th." CfotititaUonai1 tlV milty VJzA fhat'D-H LoU !t "b ?etlerr.lL 1 lavs Lla'l Ona tfcllfef that l!.ti"i!t"-li"rf SfcK!? t-.XJen" j-nti Ui cts, iu balaneei and its uz&knu good, that anyalteralt6nTwoulJ be" fot the worse ph'eers and cries of J Good ! "ij- that it coo tains wiihin jtself a perfect remedy for. every' evil, if our people will faithfully p;Jy,. it ; nc! wait for the cperation of the remedy,; CheertjJ There is, ' therefore, no room for revolution in j this country ; and it maj .be (aid of all ,those' who hesitate' about its principles he that doubt-eth, is worthy of .condemnation, f Cheera.J Bnt, sir,- why ebould we. not keep to this, pur fa- thers' faith ? We should know that we are bound by that deed. lias it --tot been ta the faith of that compact that this count tj' h tis proww ta Us present prosperity, aad shall we, the itiberitors of 4 all the blessings, break the vows ofevjsa baptism, whickv-as our tponaort,-they ia-Je fori a.v-'N, no. ; Let n keep thia."'. Let' alt oaf peopT learn that they 'a re bouad by tie which-noc can Weak. The bones which are row mouldering to kiadred1 dust are sacred with tbe memories of their, patriotism. WeBuould be viofaters of tVe jows they made if we suffer one stone cf the Union reared by them to te "pulled down. . Sir,' I. agree in many respects with my good frieud tbe Professor, who spoke before me, and I have great regard for him, but I cannot help thiiikin that he got among the stars to-oight. . ( Lan'.ler.) . I be-l.eve in a system of government y -ich is maintained by working men, men who work in their primary meetings, and who are not afraid of setting their coat torn by a rowdy, xnen who ar6 willing to take their . place and acuiH if it be necessary, to see that the voice of the people is attained. Cheers and applause) Meu who, if thwt countrymen call them to office, do not mistake . cowardice for modesty, and Refuse to serve. No matter where the man is, there he should be faithful to God, faithful to man, faithful to bis country, faithful to the world. I m thankfuklantf the massacre. The facts come to me from that I cannot be a Candidate for it 2ce. I once held an office under the general government, and I was offered another The other I did not like, laughter. but the first I did, it kept me five hours, and I was allowed my expenses as emolument. But as there was no omnihus riding in that direction I did not get a sixpence, I am no candidate for office, Sir, I belong to a king. I am a monarchist. I belong to another king one Jesus, ' Applause .But I know no greater recreant to the principles of his faith, and . no more dangerons agitator than he, who, under the pretence of serving the ReHion cf Christ, nSfs his sacred office to urge men into riot and sedition. Cheers. I am - no candida'.e fcr of fic-e, because I "bold an office so high that no other on earth can approach it. h am, content to be simply a preacher of the OiSpel of Jesus, and ask no higher reward than to h-lp men to wards heaven when they die, and keep them in peace while on earth. But, Sir, l here Is one thing I never neglect to do, and SlaLiH, I do not forget, because I am Christian arid a tniuicter of tbyf bspe-rba I am an Ameri ways vote ; I prepare my bailor with tne same conscientiousness, and for which wiy frien1s fre-queLtiy laugb at me, as it I thought my ticket waa to elect. This is the way, I think, we ought to work ; and one thing is certain that, if I retain my reason, which God grsitt I n.ay, I will never vote Ut any owa, bw hw Iewpcrat, Wbie, Native, or or or what do you call kirn ? A voice Republican." I beg pardon, that class have had so manv names that I cannot recall tbem at once. Loud laughter " I say I never will vote for any man, no, not if he were my own brother, not if be lay with ne in my mother's womb as did Ecau wirh Jacb, on whoss bittory or antecedents or associatiotts there is the slightest stain or suspicion . of iiisuSiok. . Tumultuous cheering, long and enthusiastic and repeated I know a man may make a mistake and repent. The drunkard may reform from drink Very well let him reform but kef p tbe brandy bottle out of his way. I would not give bira a chance to relapse. I believe that " is a true rule. Vote for a man who loves his country, and who shows he has good sense and considers what bis Country's good is. Talk of incendiary documents. The most in cendiary document is a thing that wears a coat and breeches, writes " Honorable " before his name and riL C." after it, laughter, and goes, to Washington to do anything else than take care of the people : and the whole people. Let us stick to this. Sir. : And while the grass grows on the hill, , And the stream runs through the vale, May (hey still keep their faith, . . . " . Nor in their covenant fail, ' " . God keeps the fairest, widest land ;' That lis beaeath the raw, '-" Onr country, our whole country, . ... Our country ever one. Load cheering. Old Brown the Mnrderer HIj own Con-. fession of the Fact Testimony of Leading Free State Hen of Kansas. We publish, a while ; ago, from tha official documents of Congress, the affidavits of wives and mothers and sons, as to John Brown and the gang of eut-throats, of which he was the leader, in Kansas, taking husbands i from the presence of their wives, and children from the presence of their mothers, at the dead hoar of night and murdering them ia cold blood, so near their own d weliiugs that the moaning of. the dying eoulJ be heard by their wires and mothers who durst not go to moisten tbe lips of their loved ones with a drop of water., Oos ef those wives was lying sick wheu her husband was taken from her side and c m ordered: nor. would old Brown listen to her en treaties to allow her husband to send for a "neighbor to ear or her in her illceos. These atrocities have been recently denied by ihe parties who want to make a. martyr of Old Brown, and who declare -that he has made the gallows as sacred and immortal as ihe Cross. . We commend to ail such the foJlowiog letter addressed to; tha Jodianspolis oumai a Republican paper from , Lawrence, Jutansas. It tells tha damninx tale ia a way that will carry epaviction,ta even unwilling minds, Bead it, js wives, and .mothers, and., aistera, who hav been losing your iopriety, io admiration of an old scoundrel aad a?a3tB . aud who. would rather kjss Jus, rjictore than the cross cf Christ:.. , . . Cflirarpofidawee el the Iadiaaapolia JenmaL-i'J LAfBJEKCs liassaav Deeeniber 17..:.: A'-iohj rowa,1,-ntr8laveryjraeetingr -waa held. in3 Lawrence last evenio, December IS. Ailer.-atwntl ft ths fpeBierj t&i kaded Crown as a seeond Jesus, and: one f them alluded, to the n. Pottowjatamto- massacre, wiich, .tad, been la" J at Join's aer, "r. Cevens cij hs dli not bat there was .a gtzzT-t Frwezt "wiaxssll taUfy te Hit feet Tts JU3, "exs: lis,? several polled ooti ?U il Captsia"i''alkrl' (srow Sheriff of DongUs Cotinty,' and one ef the bra-eat bf the Free-State leders. Cap er arose DisajcJt'fieolemen, there u no t ta keeping back the truth or perverting facts. Joha Brown told we himself that be was prea-nt at the'muTder "of those men on Pottowata-rale Creek," n''.TU; atartIed like thuoder-clap the defeoderi.- -.. Brows. '- lie proceededs w"! am ready to take ao-osth that John Brown has made such V atateinerit to'.rne. ' , I know more ahout this maUsr than. Ican state, especially as U wouid impli6nie,aacVofs ia that murder, some peraoaa bow Ss this room.' Jobo Brcwn had these- men in bis power and he could have" lept them prisoners. ' For" himself," he never, coqH l hustifytaking amaO j pnoneraand liien deliber ately ccuiag . his throat. Old- Irta, - whoa he took prisoner, had threatened to cut his throat, had insulted his wife and threatened herjife, yet he never felt justiacd in uking hia life when his prisoner.". ;. '. ;.,'.,'-- - .' - . Got. Charles Robinson also said that he be-liered John Browo had acknowledged to him be was present and approved of the killing of those men on Potto watamie Creek. He had not, and eould not, justify the excessess committed by Free-State men, after they had the civil power In their hands. . (. . .: . Dr. Adair, a oephtw of John Brown, was questioned in reference to John Brown's connection with the Potto watomie massacre. He said John Brown told him that Jne toot there at the lulling of jkastmc. But there 'were palliating circumstances connected with it. I may add that there is no question whatever from what 1 have heard from persons who know the facts; that John Mrovn planned and carried men who stand among the most truthful of any in Kansas. The truth is, the less Republicans lionize Old Brown the better. . Red path, who is lionizing him for the-purpose of making money from the sale of his life, may. stand well with Eastern Abolitionists as to truthfulness, but he does not stand so with people io Kansas. Our best Republicans in Kaasas inote that he . has willfully lied in his receni statements about John Brown. . .:: . From tho Kansas Ilerald f Freedom. The first article we wrote about Old John Brown was designed to caution Republicans against canonizing him. But they disregarded our urgent solicitations, and as the result, our articles are copied by Administration papers far and near. We regret that Republican journalists have made such consummate donkeys of themselves, as to occupy the false position they do. When the Pottawatamie murder reached tbe pbblie ear, the Free State party, as suchf fT7,vj a CoHVtntion at Vssavatomie, and denounced iriiTuhmatSTZTediermt. 'HepublUaas should have done the same in respect to the Harper's Ferry tragedy, instead of apologizing for it through their leading1 journals, if they did not wibh to be held responsible for it. IX AUGUttiLIj ADD RESS OF : WILLIAM DENNISON, liOVERXOR O F OUIO. DtDTtkED BEFOltE THt. SlCKATK IKS HoCBE OF Ualfi.CEE!iiTaTlV3, JaSVaKT 9, 18t0. Fellow Citizens of the Senate and House of Jtepresentatives: I appear before yoa: to take' the oath, which tbe Constitution prescribes, as a necessary qualification ta perform the duties of the Chief Exe eutive office of our State, to which I have beeu catted; aud I avail myself of the occasion now presented, to express my grateful thanks to my fellow citizens, for the favor with which they have been pleased to look towards me, and in compliance with a -usage sanctioned by the ex ample of my predecessors, to declare, briefly, the principles which will guide me in the dis charge of my omcial trust. My immediate predecessor nas communicated to you tbe condition of the State, with the emi nent ability and bdeirty that nave characterized all of this official acts. a I may well congratulate too opon the grati fying evidence he has furnished of the growth aos greatness of oar State. The history of no other political community has been marked by a more -wonderful progress in all the elements of a beoefievnt civilization. Our condition is at once prosperous commanding and happy. Little more than bait a century has elapsed since we passed from a territorial to a Stae government. The aember of our inhabitants did not at that time exceed fifty thousand.. The State was at that time almost an unbroken wil derness. What have we not accomplished since? ' We have created and reared up civil institutions, and monuments of public spirit and social enterprise, which in other countries have been the work of centuries. Our population has increased fifty fold, and we rank among the first States of the Union, ia wealth, and dignity and power. ' "'"-'- - We have cleared the fijrert from many millions of acres,, reclaimed the soil from the dominion of nature, and subjected it to such a course of profitable husbandry as to supply an annual surplus of agricultural products of not less than fifty millions of dollars in value. "We have erected numerous and ' wealthy towns and cities, and opened excellent thoroughfares in every part of the State. When almost in onr infancy, comparatively poor, and with an untried credit, we projected and1 speedily completed the construction of onr extensive' system of canals, aad alackwater aavigation io our Interior rivers, at a cost of over fifteen millions of dollars. Wo' bare bnilt,: almost -entirely by private" capital, more than three thousand miles in length of railroads, at m cost of over one hundred millions of -dollars,' which have greatly 'augmented tbe public wealth, largely contributed to eoualiztcg tbe value of lands ia dlSerent parts' of the State, sod vigorously encouraged the development of nearly every branch of Tisefut employment. We haye invested largely and protltably in mines and mining, and'in tnanofacturei, all of which branches of industry -give promise cf snch a ateadily4ncreasing prospertty.'as will permanently -preserve to Ohio; her- place ia the front rank bf the minings and fmanufactiring States of tbe Union. Onr eomesereial -d navigation interests have ket equal pace- with -pnt a;rfcBlraral, mining and manulacturic?,-- ;.: v."..., .. ; " VTe have do'ne cdre J V.'e 1 ' e adopted a vigilant and hntsan couoerect d c'.acipVite for that vicious; have erected - asylans tar the ir.far tarate wtici c";a,,erj5 tie vf njir!i;;n cf .the worlJ; bv9 rr 33wei trV.e? .tnd ,t"it'-' ii csmtrottblj aiid I'ieraVy, ' i cit;ijdf'-tem of schools t-.a.;..- Ld c. .3 Eit5,TLIcI ia jily CZT r;rci'.;;t prlla, Sark aaeeooa of our triaarphs. To what castses are we, nudes the favor of. Providence, chledy iadebted for them?: ' o i i l :r; . - Our geographical position, giving- ta cast mua and beahby climate, .-equally removed from the severe aold of ihe North, and the intense beat of the Sooth, and peculiarly" adapted to vigcrous labor ia every form; the "diversified character of the surface of tbe . State, 'divided into uplands and Jewlands, hill-ranges and intervening val-leys, beaviiy-tiaabered tracts and naked prairies, which alternate io a. manner the most favorable for tbe productive interests of lifet the extent and enaerpaseee fertibty .of our soil, yielding in per feet ion, nearly alt tbe agricultural staples tbe mrnwz aiiiia h dvibzed'coumumtieB: our-ex-i haostless mineral treasures, .and natural. facilities for commerce wad navigation, which by the genius and enterprise : of the people have been so boantiturif tributary to oar wealth aad powerhave been so potent and indispensable ageo- eies in tbe predvetioa of sr sarvelous growth as 'not to be everlooked i a however summary a review of its caases. :r - - ; - But as inviting as thef have been to labor and capital and tbeirmultiptied auxiliaries, they weald have been comparatively ineffectual in populating and enriching" our State, and in se enring.te os the social advantages for which we are so eminent!? distinguished, but for tha mor al assistants afforded in, the wise provisions of tbe organic act, endee whose benign auspices the foundations cf our territorial organization were laid, aud which incorporated into our&tate Constitution as fundamental principles ol fro v. ernmeat, have been moat effective in moulding oar institutions, and by furnishing the chart, in directing-the progress of our legislation. It was appropriate that the ordinance of. 1787 should have been the last, as it was the crown ing gift, of the Congress of tbe old confedera tion to the country. I only did its iramers illustrate in its matches provisions for guarding the rights and promoting the happiness of the people their sagacious forecast and exalted patriotism. - - -- --' ' -",-: It established the fundamental principles of civil and religious liberty as tbe basis of all our laws, constitutions and governments; provided for the freedom of person under the protection of the habeas corpua and trial by juries to be impartially selected; made the eneouragraent of schools and advancing the means of education a high and binding duty of government, on the plain reasoa, that religion, morafity and knowledge, are necessary to good government aud to the happiness of mankind; established tbe inviolability of contracts, abd the security of private property; prevented the lingering remnants of feudality from taking root in our soil, and proclaimed, and defended the rights -of. labor, and ot humanity, by forever exeludiafi slaveiy from Us territory. To these noble principles the people of Ohio have ever been true. Our legislation has never been marred by proscription for religious opinions, nor auy political privilege denied because of-the birth-place of the citizens. ..The inviola bility of tbe person of the inhabitant has been always defended, and the habeas corpus and trial by jury, maintained as the bulwarks of per sonal liberty. In , the faithful observance of her contracts, the State haa furnished an example of the sacred regard in which all obligations should be held by the citizen, while by refusing under tbe most solemn sanctions, to appropriate j private pi PptyHo-her.e- witbera rnakg a just compensation in money to tne owner, sue illustrates her wise porpose of protecting the property-rights of the citizen against whatever invasion to his pecuniary damage. - The pledge of the ordinance on the subject of education has been laitnlully redeemed, it was made a part of the Constitution of 1802, and is repeated in the Constitution of 1850. Io 1825, the corner stone of our free school system was laid. One thirty-sixth part of the soil of the State had beea consecrated by Congress forever to iti support. Althoug this munificent fund may not have been altogether judiciously managed, it has yet been nobly instrumental in the diffusion of learning, not merely primary, but comparatively liberal, -among the youth of the State, and, aided by the pledge ia our Constitution, which I cannot doubt will be faithfully observed, requiring 'the Geueral Assembly te make such provisions by taxation or otherwise, as with tbe income arising from the school trust fond, will secure a thorough and ef ficient system of common schools throughout the State, the future " history of our State will be adorned by even greater achievements, than tbe past, gratifying and honorable as they have been, for tbe promotion cl popular education, aad through it tfea public welfare. But, however efficient have been thesecauses ia advancing the material, intellectual and moral growth of the State,-we cannot and ought not to conceal from ourselves, that unaided by that other noble provision - of the ordinance which torever barred the territories against slaves, they would have been impotent for the accomplish-meat of the stupendous results to which 1 have so imperfectly referred.- r '- - This was the pre-eminently distinguishing feature of 1 that incomparable instrument. It was tbe first solemn dedication of national terri tory to the rights of universal human freedom. It was tbe brat national declaration, in practical form, condemnatory of slavery as a social in- stitotion. It was tbe inauguration of the policy logically resulting from - the principles of the Declaration of Independence, and approved by all the States of the confederacy, to forever exclude slavery from the national domain, and to discourage iu existence every where within the jurisdiction of the United States not in conflict with tbe rights t tbe slave-holding States.' It was, in effect, a moral pledge of the world, that as iu frame rs and their compatriots had by a long, arduous and heroic struggle," emancipated themselves and their country from the political slavery prepared for them by an oppressive government, so, under oar federal system, such aws and constitutions should be esublisbed in our national territories as would fully recognize and sacredly guard the rights of human nature. ' And sorely it will not be denied, that to this original and persistent exclusion - of slavery we are chiefly indebted ' lot our rapid growth as a State; for oar individual and social wealth: and comforts, oar varied and extensive agriculture and manufactures, our profitable commerce, our achievemesU in all the osefnl arts, our humane civilization, and the love of freedom so univer sal among tbe people. ' - -' " - - TJad slavery been 'established here our popu lation and resources would riot be one half what they aroi Jn that case,"; war -ould tot boast of our almost nnrivalled triumphs inrevery branch of material Gerelopmerrt of our. extensive system of internal Imrrovementr:'of our colleges nd anlversit'jes,; our free common schooisour asylums and other public, xtaritifs which crown our, State with such dlstlnguUted ' honor, and i:lustrate--iB such attractive" forms the super! oritT of free over ' forced" Jabor, for" all the just - r ' - -.i- --- . t .f . purposes ct sd;u ana govermeaiai pranisat.ou Upon" yoa, benators and Representatives, and - .i. i . - . i . . yocr successors, wi.t oevo.ve; ia larpe pari, ie grateful U.k-' cf proTiJic? by srntabJsj legisla-irin far "the future prowth 'cf tie Elate, and to r-f8rT( in tr.sr "Vt?cr." SS vital t'c;.er ts cf our pw-kal ir'l s- ci&l isvsteui; the ju.-t atd hu t.r': wi.ifli I t.ikie rf-frrrt ' Uin:-C j ii. i-n . i ------ . m . " L.7 I rt-ulatli r t-e rU.s cf ti lertj? cf frejcr:i3j asi eifrclr 3 da-L arisingTjot of the domestic and social relaCati' of regulating elections, and preserving the purity of the elective franchise; of esUblisLic Uws fT1 thei encouragement of agriculture and all useful arts; for . the organizalion and discipline of the militia; for the education of the youth tha support of the poor, and the relief of the aCictedf of providing for tbe payment of the SUM debt and for sacredly preserving the public faith, aud of enacting all other laws, for securing civil rights, and defending the honor of the State. For the exercise of these supreme powers cf the State, ' the people ever extend a reeerori confidence to their chosen representatives. 1 be executive forms no part of the legislative authority. - "He exercises no control over hg'rs4 tioo.' : Ilia duties are to see that the laws are faithfully ' executed, and to recommend to thw consideration of the "General Assembly, such measures as he may think adapted ta promoter the public welfare. - ' - ' - It will not be expected of me, at this time, to ca)l year attention to many 'matters of legiila tion. Let me briefly refer to a few: L ' Tho existing legislation "on the "subject of the fiscal 1 relations ot our State abd local govern-menU,ritbout requiring a radical change, need a better adjustment of details. Our taxes for State and local purposes are very burdensome, and made more onerous on account of the largo amount -of taxable property that escapes the vigilance of the assessor. The Isws should be mors searching, so as to subject all tbe coQ-exempf property, of whatever description, to its just pro' portion of the burdens of taxation. ' I respectfully Suggest the expediency of e thorough revision of the laws relating to (his ee tire subject, and particularly of those more directly affecting our loe&l governments, to the end not only of limiting the amount, but of better defining the scope and purpose for. which Uxes may be levied,' to wbieh may be added, the re quiring a more specific publication of the puhlio expenditures in out cities. Laws cannot be too explicit in defining and enforcing a proper accountability of all person acting in a public capacity. I respectfully r-commend, that as a part of any law yon may en' act on this subject, provision be made regalatio public contracts, to apply as well to local- as to State administration. . The appropriating public money by a poblfo officer to bis private use, should be visited by tho most exemplary punishment. It should avail nothing in what form it may be done, whether by means of loaning, depositing, or otherwise.' The gist of the oflence should be the expecU-u'on or hope of tbe officer of receiving a privsXer benefit from the aet. He should be prohibited from tampering with the publie fnnds in auy way, and restricted in their use, to the demands of his official duties. All perquisites, should be denied him. If the salary be inadequate to ibw responsibility or labors of the particular c5ce, let it be increased to a compensatory maximum. . Leave no pretext for an abuse of his trust. - The sacred ness of private and publie property is tha life of republican forms of government, and one of the very highest duties of the legislator is to surround it with all the necessary safe-guards of law. - The disposition of the Public Works of the State will doubtless attract your attention. These works are no longer self-sustaining. They are an annual charge upon the Treasury. Why this is so, whether because of radical defecU io th Uws relating to their management to an unwise rate mTif la"strr tha-want .nf .a nrocer ecrpe- my in their repairs, er to a damaging com petition) of the more improved means of transportation, I will not now inquire. That the question' of the disposition focf Public Works may receive that careful attention and revision which the interests involved demand I respectfully Suggest to yoa the passage of s. joint resolution authorizing the commission ot three gentlemen of enlarged experience and capacity, whose special duty it shall be to make a thorough and detailed examination of the entire subject, and that tbey report to the Governor, at the earliest practicable period, such changes aad modifications io our canal laws, as in their judgment are desirable to lessen the expenses, or to increase the income, so as at least to make our canals fully self-sosUinieg. If a thorough experience shall demonstrate that they cannot be made self sustaining, constant agitation must be expected of the proposition to sell or lease them, so as to hare the Sute relieved of their support. ' " . ' I suggest the appointment of this Com mission ' because of my apprehension that the members of the Legislature have not the time, nor the means witbio their reach, during a session, with so maay other demands upon their attention, to give tu so complicated and important a subject that tematic, detailed and thorough investigation which the interests involved seem to me to in . quire. . - - - , Among the topics' commanding the attention; of our sister States, and worthy of your preseLt consideration, ia the measure of encoursgement which a State should hold oat to her organized and disciplined militia. The last two General Assemblies enacted laws and directed the preparation of Regulations, io order to perfect tha framework of the State militia organization, and develop a symmetrical and well ordered system, which has been so far realized, as to leave Utile to be done bat for yon to determine, in your wis., dom, whether the State shall endorse that system by iu. direct aid. The Reports from the proper ecers show thai through the want of snch a system: heretofore, the Sute has lost more than $600,000 in valna of arms received from , tbe United Sutes. -Av proper State Arsenal, and snch direct aid to the citizen soldier, under stringent limitalkmsv aa would practically defray the actual expense 'of keeping the arms in the manner required by law would, it is believed, prevent similar sacrifices ia the future, and be economical to the State. It would also command a small and well dieciplio ed force, sufficiently large to give weight to tha sanctions of law, and prove a sufueient aocleua for any necessary increase. . 7, Other States have embraced the plan sogrest- ed, and. the counsels of the Fathers f ihe He publie unite with the concurrent aetion of the majority of the 8tate- Legislature, to pronounce-a, well regulated militia, which is from and cf tha people, to one of the surest safe-guards for tie enforcement of law, the maintenance cf order,. . and the perpetuation of those personal rights, which are our chief reliance and dear to every . A merican citizen. -.. .. - 3 ' Every other Stale in the Union, except FLn da, has completed, or basin progress," a g8tlci cal survey of her territory, and -I wou'i recor-i- mend to yoef esrly consideration tbe ccr a " bt the reoloffieal servey of this Elate, which j been toolong suspended. 1 doubt not hs izz,-cr"! taace to tbe agricultural aad cLu-; Ir.'iret.s cf: the State, and to ihe advancetaent cf science, will fully justify aa epprcpnaUca lit tut.;:: prosecution. "J -w";..' -" -'" -." 5 TJy the constltntTcc, ft Isrsa'a tie cV 7 c f LenTatare to prcpcue sach araenJe'.: j c .' . instrument as ia iu jii;i:iLt lis J i'. demands.- '"rif ' ' .' " V'.-" :SoJ!!c!ett;-elsi ecl etsf-I t' - - Con cf t ? r-r- ::u.:-r, ta Ct'try ' - f : practical woitir.2S'a'.i Je v. lilc ":t T. - ptbe rublic i-iterests r"y rs - i . fs have le"n p-;-oea, tut c - aVlch I i z ct r;fci'y -r r fcfj" lfi t T-rovt-i in tr.e t ar- er tie c--i- .--3." Tit f-' i tL m. r t 11:

,5. f fri.t'.vA ;:5 r !-; J ! v , a i t I JV :1 'l 7 ,f ".X - : -Pi- J J til r .ttkiSZ -: :ri ii "Skis volume, xxiii. MOUNT ERNOJi JQmO; ; : '717,! :5;18GOi NTJMBEll 39. 4 - ! TUESDM;- JiAiNUARY ' - . -., , i i . 1.- - ' ntfnstiiig:J mxub 4 Vl"-.' '. The Fyi Islanders. . ' ... It is a curious fact. tbt the i&babiuata of .tbe ftalaods of tbe PaciSfc, eoerio s tb&t ocan does fully OQe-tbirJ of tbo eartb's Sornce, sboaki all be of one race,' and tbat race 6ne: verj jpareelj Vepreseated on asj of lb -sfcorea of tbat ocean. The Incipient and prospective tnagnitode ofcotn-vierce on the Paei6cgi frreat importaoc-to. "these islands and their iahabitantF; aiJ .:he con edition of affajra seems to promise iLatlbe ocean ic tribes are. destined at no distant 'Saj; td occu-py a couspicious position in the world's great drama. ' - . : - : Among all the tribes found among iha "islands :Of that great ocean none are more remarkable hn tbe F'jtand. Phjsicallj they Sfero to stand ''at tbebeaJ at the buinau race, standing nearly half a foot abpethe aFerag-e htibt of men. J ?with aorresponding derelttpment of-'lrmbs and V - "tnuscles; they are literally a race of giants. rThouh till Tery lately they were entirely dea'.i-tuteof a liter Hire and almost entirely without traditions, they possessed a moderate thare of material citiliiajipo, aa.djby tbejolnt advantages of a prolific soil and great industry they were well fed. Bat in naiad and character tbew were aarages of the very worst kind. Wr was their pastira!, and murder a ae art. All tbe worst Ipasaions and lusts of depraved men were in them Sieve loped and intensified into monstrous propor tioM, aad their whale case presentfd a most difficult problem to the advocates of the aun of the Arcadian simplicity of sarages or of the na-tiveoodoess of the human character. Cannibalism prevailed among their, not as a foul re ligiuns rite, but as a matter of merely animal ap- petite, and men, woman, and children fed greed-ily upon tbe flah of enemies slain or taken prisoner in battle, of stranjera cast opon their ahores. and these.failing, of thiroTn friends nd kin'lrfd. The whole Fij i au .-character : prese n U"I -itntron expressiveness a foarful cim hi nation ol. t?is'jHlity an i lieu iisbiie's, rari.derin" ihem a t r- V .riA u uXt wh'-might come in iheir wj; : A Ceylon Juggler. As this im one of the idle seasons of iheyenr luring which, labor is suitpended while wail in g-for the rains of tbe inocaouii, ere recoinuMsncirK the sow'mjr of rite; the Kaitdj ans were JouugHig 1 least 5.QO0 peraoua' standing- in Ir-. iug Phtce. atKMit their vilijit-s, or gathered, in group's "by tLe This immense throng, though terribly squeezed troadside, engaged in listless and eueriary a- j together,"(each "."n'e'w comer on the outside cto-noaenieuta. : Iu one place a crowd wa euiiet icl tnhuii.i'g hi, weight and inomentum. to the gen-:0 watch the feats of a juggler, who. to ur stir ernl jam, was exeeeingly quiet and well"beba"ed. rprise, commenced his performance by jumpiii Preientlyoll's baud, which waa stationed in wpoo tS a pole, and placing bis feet npm cros the balcony commenced playine patriotic airs, inir six feet from the ground. Ou this he cours ! The crowd were further eutertained by the deep ed aljfng-'by prodigious leap, aud returning to the audienf, steadied himself ou his perch, and then opened his exhibition. Thi consisted of ehdlesa effjrta ot legerdemain; catching pebbles ahroWn op to Ibimj b-y hi confederate, belaw, which, upon. opening bis chwed faaod, flew away : as birds; breaking au egg shell and allowing a small serpeut to escape from it; and keeping a aeries of brass balls in motion by striking them with his elbows, as well as his bands. Balancing . oo bis nose a small stick wilh au inverted cup at 1 top, from which twelve perforated balls were suspended by m'ken cords, be placed twelve ivor) rods in bis mouth, and so guided them by bis lips and tongue as to insert the 'end of each in a currespotidiug aperture in tbe ball, till the whole twelve were euxtained by the rods, and the ceu tral support take a away. This, and endless other tricks he performed, balancing himself all the while on tbe single pole ou which he stood. He took a ball of granite, six or seven inches in diameter, and probably fourteen pounds weigh, and, standing with bis arms exteuded iu a line, he rolled it from the wrist of one hand ac-riMS his shoulders to th wrist of the other, bac kw ard and forward repeatedly, apparently less by raising bis arms than by a vigorous effort of the mucles of his back; then aeiziug it in both bands be flung it repeatedly twenty feet high, and, watehing it in Its descent tlH withip a few inches of his skull he bent forward his head, and canght the ball each time between his shoulders, then, bounding long the road, still mounted on his pole, be closed his performance amid the smiles of the audience. - ' : An African Village. . v - j. The caravaa broke ground at 4 Pi-j(.,aa5 completing the principal zigzag made to avoid wars, arrived at Sonagongo, Kanoni, followed by a host of rfTen, women aud ebild ren, advanced to meet Che earavao, all roarinly intcxicnte-? . with'j oy, an4 laviBhpg"greet;cg9 of, welconie,witK,-no-ers of ''Vamboi Yuaabo, Sanaa," "How are ymMUT and "Very, wSl I hope?'' I which e a wVrmly returned. The Bhakingldf and were past num-1 fcer. and the 'Brooches and. Bnbay "could scaruf-! 4f oa seaa moviog aoder tbe hot n brae ea and hrpkieee'6f a-laiiring'damaels. When rccov- died Irom the shock .of ttis great outburst of feeling, hlanoui begged me to- fire a few snbu to ApprUe ni enemies, od especially his toibroth'-P1" .3Nro 'ti'ine waa UrtrV ITJbo aooor gav the order lhaa hae. binf went fy one of the escorts' "go Be. auif the exci ti ro wdi tnmediately seeVng suppossed "intag pj.t in the foregrpand, tasked ; madly j after him; Then pear were flourUed, thrnsi; tabbed.'Vnd wiiuurawDj wtw were. poiuted huge shields irotecied black; toiies, sticks nd 'atones Hew ike hail; then ILtre ' was a' sfigbt hAraat,' t&eo aaother advanco-i-dacicg to one tide and then to-the other, jumping and praociegf oa the same ftoandpsith bodies swaying there, until at length the whole farerouud was sy mast of moving ob jectsAa! rrir-- an3 Lopes Jike aojtrirfy of (rot i t-.it L--.i j.t c iuin, advancic t a" pond; .Ihen aaia tha guns went giving . fresh f fc fale to the exciting exercise. Thsit greatprin--aipal ia .raiLira appears to be that no one should .be) ulL- At e s.h report of the guns fresh eoe-'toles wera c.-overei retreating, and tht namoer tortLe;r t'-ia- was sarprisiug, . Jhese aa, thav iCtoptl, wrs, b l Lly dramatic action, aev-ra.y and immediately trampled -down and knelt " i . , n- hoppedTepeatedly with -nirea, wL.le the slayer ccimaaed showic-i tr--w-"" wurrj'.i- LU: lappo.ed" victim J. t 1 1-9 c-.y eer-y. that dogs display VUa 1 Faith In the Tnlon. i ir b." ir.' tose ratio " '-" I .-V 3 O Sailnj 0 Unfon,- strong and great! Humanity with all iU foars, i With alt the hop o future year," f Is haaglAg breathless on tTr fate !'.;;. We know what Master laid thy keol, What "Workman wrnght thy tlbs of steel, - Who made each ma&t, and rail, and roj; "What aarflg raag; wbht hammer best, -; 'In 'what a' forge and what a "beat ' "- VereVhaped th':" anchors of tby hopol .. ' Fear net each cuuden sound and shovk,. - v - : . Tis of the ware aad not the rock, f ' Tis tmt the ffafp:c g of tho' 6!1, - And not a rent made" by the gale! u lu sjjite of rock, and tcpt'8 roar, v ; y : - In ?pite of false ligtts en'the shore, ' ' ' ' Sail on, nor fear o breast the Sea ! , v Our heart, ur hopes, are all with, thee, . ; - Our hearts, our hopos, vur prayers, our tears. Are all with thee, arc all with thee ! From the New Tort Observer, Dec. 22. Union and Fraternity. ; "JUSTICE TO THE SOUTH." THE CHEAT rXIOX MDETIXC. 20,000 PATRIOTS IX COUNCIL. Speech of ReT. Dr. Bethune. The largest public meeting ever held in this city, or on the American contiufnt, . took place lart Monday night, - in au'J about the Academy of jJusic." Tbe vast concourse was worthy of the'eause, the noble one comprised "in the single phrase Justice u lie South.' Lorn; before six o'clock, before the business hours of th city were fairly , over,, befora people bad - taken their diuner, a crowd began to setnble in Irving Place," or the Western front of the Academy. As they arrived rapfctly from every portion of the city, they took their places iu front of the three gre-ii doors, and. waited .patiently, and in porftct .; nriitrf ir the ope niup of ibe' house. The Third -f.au:l .r,'..rtb nuciiue cars a;iJ all the lints. of ila- gee.k'Hdi.uip to.."the neibhoih v-d of the Acsdp- mv.'wcre jwKvl itiil or ciTiV-ns, all c ' rung up or tJowr, tor ti Same ; '-.purj f't t -to a:. I.j their ! pre'eiu-e ar,a vtiice, in tr.i.s satiijmc, p.ictat.t;otiS in t). dtcifji tretn.'U in behalf of the Corittitutitn antl tlif- CiiifU. Before six o lo k tbe re w-re at bass music of .thirty guns, ai-.d by a very handsome pyrotechnic display under tbe direction of the Messrs. Edge. Among the fireworks was one superb and highly appropriate symbolical piece, representing Union and Fraternity," with the American spread eagle soaring above. ; . Inside, en the stage, beautiful scene had been prepared by the' sub-committee on decorations. The great stage had been transformed into a gigantic tent of pure white, with a deep lower frtnpe of A merican fl igs. arid gracefully curtained folds of the oat:oial. colors in. front. In the back ground was in single nenteuce, " Justk-k asd Fbatehxitt." W athiiigion. Upon a broad white bauner stretcbiug elf an at-ru-s the ftage near ihe cfiUus; wereihe wordi: " INDIGNANTLY; FROWNING UPON T ILB F I RS T D AW NING OF E V E R Y A T-TEMPT TO ALIENATE ANY PORTION OF OUR COUNTRY FROM THE U EST, OR TO ENFEEBLE THE SACRED TIES WHICH NOW LINK TOGEIUER THE VA- R10US PARTS.'' Washington. : Beneath this were the mottoes " The Union must and thai! bt preserved." Jackson. " ' . 1 shall stand won ihe Comtiiuiioii. I need no other Flaiorm? Webster. Ou the private boxes in front of the stage were exhibited the names of Jefferson, Jackson, Web ster, Cal noun, Clay, Wright, Choate, Benton, Madison, Monroe. Tie CI airman" dek was draped with Ameri- can flags. t We bav only room for the speech of Dr. Bkthcss. Amid loud cries for " Beth uue," Rev. Dr. Bethune came forward and addressed the meet' ing. He said : . I rise. Sir, not becanse I have th presump tion to think that Ttan pre.?rve the attention of this T-ait ashinb'y, after all the exceUut things that they have beard this evening, at this late boor. Sir. I corns before this audience to how cay seif. . (Great ciMfering.) Insignificant - as I perRonaliy may be 'among.the. millions of this land, and weak in influence as tny voice may o, when that voice is called far, and there is a ques- i t,on where I 6tand, I wish to be reckoned with the Union now and forever. Loudeheera.--Ytia, Sir, I love the Union, and when I say that, it is with the wish that if that JTc ion la to perish, I may die first. .Aeplaase. ' And, Sir, there are many things which have heen said here this eveoiug, with some cf which I may frankly say, I could not Coineids. I am not going to read law in jyu, Sir. , ,i ts not tny prov'toce. and I mast be excused from accepting the theology'of aYnmA trsatif famafl aarKr. ' kaw m J Langtler. ir, vhea I aaw tht caff of this meeting T said I mast be thera,' jGoocf.JNeTi kv I attended pcULe nteetiag ant any vay bntleat naTre-iy ' my .11 fir. ,rCbaWTcl cries of V'j ui aW n-seieoca that W.aaias eve Searct mm TitiVrPt-n' planse.J J belong ko .xZUr service. : fRe- newedicheenDg.rI by af callliff and mv vows, a mintaterof the Gospel of Peace, cLeera.l and it la' as a 'mrnufer.cF peace that among yoa to n igVi. Applsnts.) , J is Uzk tti me. vbea the palpit isdesecrali dby appeals to the iniestaticistn -Ths r-Lt xaatJ is'ia' th ri-hl Uca l Um.r wtea eea by tcIsi cf ae-Iclbs, are canonized because they have shown the pluck ipf bull dog; with the blood-thirstiness of. the.ti-ger4- Applau8e it is high sirq, , I ,ay, that one who, humble as myself, beliyes .tfiaV the Gospel is 44 Peace on earth and, gocd will .to wanls man," should act upon his principles. (Loud applause. X will not , enter into any of the disputed questions that have bcee foisted into our meeting to-night. I have seen a discussion about the call of this meeting that there was first onecali, then it was altered for another call that the same people who figutdi aoe co.uld not have signed the other, I uever ,read-fiither one call or the. other thrpugb"(laughtM) al 1 saw in the call was the word ' Uui.on(con--tinued. cheering,) apd that was enough j .Its- newed cheering. I remember an honest .Gov ernor of Pennsylvania, whose ancestry was-traceable iu his broken speech, was appealed to for the pardon of a man who had murdered his wife, but the honest old man said, Wh.t ? ! " pardon a man for such crime as that a man who could take a woman, and promise to nourish and cherish, and den kill her ? --Vy be ought to be 'ahamed of himself." Uproarious laughter and cheers. So I say here to-night, if any man in getting up this meetiug, or in coming to this meeting, has had a thought of Democrat, or Republican, or Native American, higher in his mind than Uniou, he ought to be ashamed of himself. Loud Applause. Nor shall I have sympathy with him, except be repent in sack cloth and ashes. Laughter and applauses.) r You talk of the Union being dissolved. Sir here, has boen deep feeling in mit of the speeches that I have heard this evening. : They sa? if this Unicn is to be di.-solvcd-f hch the -Union is dissolved. Why, Sir, that U what we logieiuns ! call an impossible hypothesis. ; Laughter and applause. The Union is not guing to be dissolved. Do you remember, Sir, that Once ia old Rome there was a gulf opened across the city ; it was widening and widening until it threatened to engulf the whole of that splendid capital, wheu one Marcus Curtis mounted his steed, fully armed ard rode towards ihe chasm, and leaped into it, a willing; victim, to saveTaU Rome. Sir, should such n chasm happen in our Union there i not i but there are a hundred Curtis a Cundrt-d times -ten thousand, that are willing to l;ap into it. Divide the Union I Where are jou going to di ride tbe line ? ; A Voice--4Ma-. Kiu slid l)ixoii'i Hue,'' Musnn. and Dixon's fiddVsWcks 1 Loud laughter. . Do you want to go? .Which side do you mean to go? I know where I should go. It would be with that section which holds fastest to the Constitution -as it is. Loud cheers. - " Sir. if any man bus a right to be proud of his native place, perhaps it is the man who speaks lo you, for I was Wn in New York ? -W-hw ie the North ? What is the South ? What is the East 1 What is the West ? Take away this Union, aud we are nothing more than nothing- a couEicliug jostlitig chaos of rude, crumbling fragments. It i3 not for me to enter into this question; but, I repeat, where will yon draw si line? Will you split the Mississippi ? Try it. Are you going to divide by the assumed or imputed evil of Slavery.: Where does Slavery stop? They grow cotton At the South, '.hull where do they manufacture it ? . Tremendous cheering. '. I beg Tour pardon, but I have not time to be cheered.. I have read a story of Cook, .the drunken player, who Qoce, in Liverpool, came upon the stage to act, and his conditim being evident when he approached-the foot-lights, tbey biased him. Ilis indignatiou restored him for a moment, and ho looked at the Liverpudlians as he calied them, saying, " You hiss George Frederick Cook, yju people of Liverpool, with the sweat and blood of the slave between every two bricks of your bouse ? " . It was so. There never was a slate in Liverpool, if 1 remember, but they profited by the slave, Tbey bought and sold them. Yes, Sir, there exists, if I mistake not, in the Plate Room of Windsor Castle, a splendid service of gold , given to one of the rey-al dukes: by Liverpool merchants, for his efforts to prevent the abolition of the Slave trade. But I wander from my purpose, in recalling that historical reminiscence, which was to say that, in some sections of our land, where the londest cry is heard upon this question, men have grown rich upon the manufacture of tbe cotton . which was grown by these slaves, load cheers ; that the blood and the sweat of tbe slave ia between every two bricks of their sumptuous palaces. Now, people may call this what they please ; I call it hypocrisy. (Tremendous cheers.) Where will you draw this line? I will tell you where you most draw ft. ' If you draw, it' at a'l'you must draw it atigi&s and through our dearest h fections. s.We are one people. . The man who lives on the Arostock fa an his brother oo the Rio Grande. The Northern mother has given her child to the Southern plaater. and the Southera planter: bows iu tbaukfulness to God for the daughter -of the North to cheer his home. (Loud cheers.) Will you dissolve this Union ? (Cries of M No, no,"' aud cheers ) , I tell you, you need not ask the question. - You cannot you cannot. It will be far better than the Sabines and tbe Romans. Yon have'bofta ken violently the" women of the South to he your wives. . You have exchanged -caasafiguinity, You cannot separate them. What God at b joined together let no man put asauhder.Pro-,longapplaiMM,:1h'-h)le-ssemh!y Uie plavlorm, floor- and -galleriea'- a9 rising, waTtng baU, cheering and shouting fn wildeiithuBiasra.'l A word. or two more., j ,L will not say that . I will bar said all kh to Say.: :(Cries of " Go on, go n ) There are'manr thingli prtichT coBld saT. and in another coDdufon of circamstances mJgnt J oe giaa osay wnico j. snau not icj.ici npoa yon toa This is ook a time for dry;metaphy8tes. But I heUeve, Sir, that -we Inherit fronr-onr fathers some degree of that honesty and truth for which they,wers4isttnDishe(:.mdf3r which tliei God and Dar QoA; ble sedJlfienvTi Pur'fa' thers, cJada the-, com pact -of ; this Union oor fathers' iaads--th." CfotititaUonai1 tlV milty VJzA fhat'D-H LoU !t "b ?etlerr.lL 1 lavs Lla'l Ona tfcllfef that l!.ti"i!t"-li"rf SfcK!? t-.XJen" j-nti Ui cts, iu balaneei and its uz&knu good, that anyalteralt6nTwoulJ be" fot the worse ph'eers and cries of J Good ! "ij- that it coo tains wiihin jtself a perfect remedy for. every' evil, if our people will faithfully p;Jy,. it ; nc! wait for the cperation of the remedy,; CheertjJ There is, ' therefore, no room for revolution in j this country ; and it maj .be (aid of all ,those' who hesitate' about its principles he that doubt-eth, is worthy of .condemnation, f Cheera.J Bnt, sir,- why ebould we. not keep to this, pur fa- thers' faith ? We should know that we are bound by that deed. lias it --tot been ta the faith of that compact that this count tj' h tis proww ta Us present prosperity, aad shall we, the itiberitors of 4 all the blessings, break the vows ofevjsa baptism, whickv-as our tponaort,-they ia-Je fori a.v-'N, no. ; Let n keep thia."'. Let' alt oaf peopT learn that they 'a re bouad by tie which-noc can Weak. The bones which are row mouldering to kiadred1 dust are sacred with tbe memories of their, patriotism. WeBuould be viofaters of tVe jows they made if we suffer one stone cf the Union reared by them to te "pulled down. . Sir,' I. agree in many respects with my good frieud tbe Professor, who spoke before me, and I have great regard for him, but I cannot help thiiikin that he got among the stars to-oight. . ( Lan'.ler.) . I be-l.eve in a system of government y -ich is maintained by working men, men who work in their primary meetings, and who are not afraid of setting their coat torn by a rowdy, xnen who ar6 willing to take their . place and acuiH if it be necessary, to see that the voice of the people is attained. Cheers and applause) Meu who, if thwt countrymen call them to office, do not mistake . cowardice for modesty, and Refuse to serve. No matter where the man is, there he should be faithful to God, faithful to man, faithful to bis country, faithful to the world. I m thankfuklantf the massacre. The facts come to me from that I cannot be a Candidate for it 2ce. I once held an office under the general government, and I was offered another The other I did not like, laughter. but the first I did, it kept me five hours, and I was allowed my expenses as emolument. But as there was no omnihus riding in that direction I did not get a sixpence, I am no candidate for office, Sir, I belong to a king. I am a monarchist. I belong to another king one Jesus, ' Applause .But I know no greater recreant to the principles of his faith, and . no more dangerons agitator than he, who, under the pretence of serving the ReHion cf Christ, nSfs his sacred office to urge men into riot and sedition. Cheers. I am - no candida'.e fcr of fic-e, because I "bold an office so high that no other on earth can approach it. h am, content to be simply a preacher of the OiSpel of Jesus, and ask no higher reward than to h-lp men to wards heaven when they die, and keep them in peace while on earth. But, Sir, l here Is one thing I never neglect to do, and SlaLiH, I do not forget, because I am Christian arid a tniuicter of tbyf bspe-rba I am an Ameri ways vote ; I prepare my bailor with tne same conscientiousness, and for which wiy frien1s fre-queLtiy laugb at me, as it I thought my ticket waa to elect. This is the way, I think, we ought to work ; and one thing is certain that, if I retain my reason, which God grsitt I n.ay, I will never vote Ut any owa, bw hw Iewpcrat, Wbie, Native, or or or what do you call kirn ? A voice Republican." I beg pardon, that class have had so manv names that I cannot recall tbem at once. Loud laughter " I say I never will vote for any man, no, not if he were my own brother, not if be lay with ne in my mother's womb as did Ecau wirh Jacb, on whoss bittory or antecedents or associatiotts there is the slightest stain or suspicion . of iiisuSiok. . Tumultuous cheering, long and enthusiastic and repeated I know a man may make a mistake and repent. The drunkard may reform from drink Very well let him reform but kef p tbe brandy bottle out of his way. I would not give bira a chance to relapse. I believe that " is a true rule. Vote for a man who loves his country, and who shows he has good sense and considers what bis Country's good is. Talk of incendiary documents. The most in cendiary document is a thing that wears a coat and breeches, writes " Honorable " before his name and riL C." after it, laughter, and goes, to Washington to do anything else than take care of the people : and the whole people. Let us stick to this. Sir. : And while the grass grows on the hill, , And the stream runs through the vale, May (hey still keep their faith, . . . " . Nor in their covenant fail, ' " . God keeps the fairest, widest land ;' That lis beaeath the raw, '-" Onr country, our whole country, . ... Our country ever one. Load cheering. Old Brown the Mnrderer HIj own Con-. fession of the Fact Testimony of Leading Free State Hen of Kansas. We publish, a while ; ago, from tha official documents of Congress, the affidavits of wives and mothers and sons, as to John Brown and the gang of eut-throats, of which he was the leader, in Kansas, taking husbands i from the presence of their wives, and children from the presence of their mothers, at the dead hoar of night and murdering them ia cold blood, so near their own d weliiugs that the moaning of. the dying eoulJ be heard by their wires and mothers who durst not go to moisten tbe lips of their loved ones with a drop of water., Oos ef those wives was lying sick wheu her husband was taken from her side and c m ordered: nor. would old Brown listen to her en treaties to allow her husband to send for a "neighbor to ear or her in her illceos. These atrocities have been recently denied by ihe parties who want to make a. martyr of Old Brown, and who declare -that he has made the gallows as sacred and immortal as ihe Cross. . We commend to ail such the foJlowiog letter addressed to; tha Jodianspolis oumai a Republican paper from , Lawrence, Jutansas. It tells tha damninx tale ia a way that will carry epaviction,ta even unwilling minds, Bead it, js wives, and .mothers, and., aistera, who hav been losing your iopriety, io admiration of an old scoundrel aad a?a3tB . aud who. would rather kjss Jus, rjictore than the cross cf Christ:.. , . . Cflirarpofidawee el the Iadiaaapolia JenmaL-i'J LAfBJEKCs liassaav Deeeniber 17..:.: A'-iohj rowa,1,-ntr8laveryjraeetingr -waa held. in3 Lawrence last evenio, December IS. Ailer.-atwntl ft ths fpeBierj t&i kaded Crown as a seeond Jesus, and: one f them alluded, to the n. Pottowjatamto- massacre, wiich, .tad, been la" J at Join's aer, "r. Cevens cij hs dli not bat there was .a gtzzT-t Frwezt "wiaxssll taUfy te Hit feet Tts JU3, "exs: lis,? several polled ooti ?U il Captsia"i''alkrl' (srow Sheriff of DongUs Cotinty,' and one ef the bra-eat bf the Free-State leders. Cap er arose DisajcJt'fieolemen, there u no t ta keeping back the truth or perverting facts. Joha Brown told we himself that be was prea-nt at the'muTder "of those men on Pottowata-rale Creek," n''.TU; atartIed like thuoder-clap the defeoderi.- -.. Brows. '- lie proceededs w"! am ready to take ao-osth that John Brown has made such V atateinerit to'.rne. ' , I know more ahout this maUsr than. Ican state, especially as U wouid impli6nie,aacVofs ia that murder, some peraoaa bow Ss this room.' Jobo Brcwn had these- men in bis power and he could have" lept them prisoners. ' For" himself," he never, coqH l hustifytaking amaO j pnoneraand liien deliber ately ccuiag . his throat. Old- Irta, - whoa he took prisoner, had threatened to cut his throat, had insulted his wife and threatened herjife, yet he never felt justiacd in uking hia life when his prisoner.". ;. '. ;.,'.,'-- - .' - . Got. Charles Robinson also said that he be-liered John Browo had acknowledged to him be was present and approved of the killing of those men on Potto watamie Creek. He had not, and eould not, justify the excessess committed by Free-State men, after they had the civil power In their hands. . (. . .: . Dr. Adair, a oephtw of John Brown, was questioned in reference to John Brown's connection with the Potto watomie massacre. He said John Brown told him that Jne toot there at the lulling of jkastmc. But there 'were palliating circumstances connected with it. I may add that there is no question whatever from what 1 have heard from persons who know the facts; that John Mrovn planned and carried men who stand among the most truthful of any in Kansas. The truth is, the less Republicans lionize Old Brown the better. . Red path, who is lionizing him for the-purpose of making money from the sale of his life, may. stand well with Eastern Abolitionists as to truthfulness, but he does not stand so with people io Kansas. Our best Republicans in Kaasas inote that he . has willfully lied in his receni statements about John Brown. . .:: . From tho Kansas Ilerald f Freedom. The first article we wrote about Old John Brown was designed to caution Republicans against canonizing him. But they disregarded our urgent solicitations, and as the result, our articles are copied by Administration papers far and near. We regret that Republican journalists have made such consummate donkeys of themselves, as to occupy the false position they do. When the Pottawatamie murder reached tbe pbblie ear, the Free State party, as suchf fT7,vj a CoHVtntion at Vssavatomie, and denounced iriiTuhmatSTZTediermt. 'HepublUaas should have done the same in respect to the Harper's Ferry tragedy, instead of apologizing for it through their leading1 journals, if they did not wibh to be held responsible for it. IX AUGUttiLIj ADD RESS OF : WILLIAM DENNISON, liOVERXOR O F OUIO. DtDTtkED BEFOltE THt. SlCKATK IKS HoCBE OF Ualfi.CEE!iiTaTlV3, JaSVaKT 9, 18t0. Fellow Citizens of the Senate and House of Jtepresentatives: I appear before yoa: to take' the oath, which tbe Constitution prescribes, as a necessary qualification ta perform the duties of the Chief Exe eutive office of our State, to which I have beeu catted; aud I avail myself of the occasion now presented, to express my grateful thanks to my fellow citizens, for the favor with which they have been pleased to look towards me, and in compliance with a -usage sanctioned by the ex ample of my predecessors, to declare, briefly, the principles which will guide me in the dis charge of my omcial trust. My immediate predecessor nas communicated to you tbe condition of the State, with the emi nent ability and bdeirty that nave characterized all of this official acts. a I may well congratulate too opon the grati fying evidence he has furnished of the growth aos greatness of oar State. The history of no other political community has been marked by a more -wonderful progress in all the elements of a beoefievnt civilization. Our condition is at once prosperous commanding and happy. Little more than bait a century has elapsed since we passed from a territorial to a Stae government. The aember of our inhabitants did not at that time exceed fifty thousand.. The State was at that time almost an unbroken wil derness. What have we not accomplished since? ' We have created and reared up civil institutions, and monuments of public spirit and social enterprise, which in other countries have been the work of centuries. Our population has increased fifty fold, and we rank among the first States of the Union, ia wealth, and dignity and power. ' "'"-'- - We have cleared the fijrert from many millions of acres,, reclaimed the soil from the dominion of nature, and subjected it to such a course of profitable husbandry as to supply an annual surplus of agricultural products of not less than fifty millions of dollars in value. "We have erected numerous and ' wealthy towns and cities, and opened excellent thoroughfares in every part of the State. When almost in onr infancy, comparatively poor, and with an untried credit, we projected and1 speedily completed the construction of onr extensive' system of canals, aad alackwater aavigation io our Interior rivers, at a cost of over fifteen millions of dollars. Wo' bare bnilt,: almost -entirely by private" capital, more than three thousand miles in length of railroads, at m cost of over one hundred millions of -dollars,' which have greatly 'augmented tbe public wealth, largely contributed to eoualiztcg tbe value of lands ia dlSerent parts' of the State, sod vigorously encouraged the development of nearly every branch of Tisefut employment. We haye invested largely and protltably in mines and mining, and'in tnanofacturei, all of which branches of industry -give promise cf snch a ateadily4ncreasing prospertty.'as will permanently -preserve to Ohio; her- place ia the front rank bf the minings and fmanufactiring States of tbe Union. Onr eomesereial -d navigation interests have ket equal pace- with -pnt a;rfcBlraral, mining and manulacturic?,-- ;.: v."..., .. ; " VTe have do'ne cdre J V.'e 1 ' e adopted a vigilant and hntsan couoerect d c'.acipVite for that vicious; have erected - asylans tar the ir.far tarate wtici c";a,,erj5 tie vf njir!i;;n cf .the worlJ; bv9 rr 33wei trV.e? .tnd ,t"it'-' ii csmtrottblj aiid I'ieraVy, ' i cit;ijdf'-tem of schools t-.a.;..- Ld c. .3 Eit5,TLIcI ia jily CZT r;rci'.;;t prlla, Sark aaeeooa of our triaarphs. To what castses are we, nudes the favor of. Providence, chledy iadebted for them?: ' o i i l :r; . - Our geographical position, giving- ta cast mua and beahby climate, .-equally removed from the severe aold of ihe North, and the intense beat of the Sooth, and peculiarly" adapted to vigcrous labor ia every form; the "diversified character of the surface of tbe . State, 'divided into uplands and Jewlands, hill-ranges and intervening val-leys, beaviiy-tiaabered tracts and naked prairies, which alternate io a. manner the most favorable for tbe productive interests of lifet the extent and enaerpaseee fertibty .of our soil, yielding in per feet ion, nearly alt tbe agricultural staples tbe mrnwz aiiiia h dvibzed'coumumtieB: our-ex-i haostless mineral treasures, .and natural. facilities for commerce wad navigation, which by the genius and enterprise : of the people have been so boantiturif tributary to oar wealth aad powerhave been so potent and indispensable ageo- eies in tbe predvetioa of sr sarvelous growth as 'not to be everlooked i a however summary a review of its caases. :r - - ; - But as inviting as thef have been to labor and capital and tbeirmultiptied auxiliaries, they weald have been comparatively ineffectual in populating and enriching" our State, and in se enring.te os the social advantages for which we are so eminent!? distinguished, but for tha mor al assistants afforded in, the wise provisions of tbe organic act, endee whose benign auspices the foundations cf our territorial organization were laid, aud which incorporated into our&tate Constitution as fundamental principles ol fro v. ernmeat, have been moat effective in moulding oar institutions, and by furnishing the chart, in directing-the progress of our legislation. It was appropriate that the ordinance of. 1787 should have been the last, as it was the crown ing gift, of the Congress of tbe old confedera tion to the country. I only did its iramers illustrate in its matches provisions for guarding the rights and promoting the happiness of the people their sagacious forecast and exalted patriotism. - - -- --' ' -",-: It established the fundamental principles of civil and religious liberty as tbe basis of all our laws, constitutions and governments; provided for the freedom of person under the protection of the habeas corpua and trial by juries to be impartially selected; made the eneouragraent of schools and advancing the means of education a high and binding duty of government, on the plain reasoa, that religion, morafity and knowledge, are necessary to good government aud to the happiness of mankind; established tbe inviolability of contracts, abd the security of private property; prevented the lingering remnants of feudality from taking root in our soil, and proclaimed, and defended the rights -of. labor, and ot humanity, by forever exeludiafi slaveiy from Us territory. To these noble principles the people of Ohio have ever been true. Our legislation has never been marred by proscription for religious opinions, nor auy political privilege denied because of-the birth-place of the citizens. ..The inviola bility of tbe person of the inhabitant has been always defended, and the habeas corpus and trial by jury, maintained as the bulwarks of per sonal liberty. In , the faithful observance of her contracts, the State haa furnished an example of the sacred regard in which all obligations should be held by the citizen, while by refusing under tbe most solemn sanctions, to appropriate j private pi PptyHo-her.e- witbera rnakg a just compensation in money to tne owner, sue illustrates her wise porpose of protecting the property-rights of the citizen against whatever invasion to his pecuniary damage. - The pledge of the ordinance on the subject of education has been laitnlully redeemed, it was made a part of the Constitution of 1802, and is repeated in the Constitution of 1850. Io 1825, the corner stone of our free school system was laid. One thirty-sixth part of the soil of the State had beea consecrated by Congress forever to iti support. Althoug this munificent fund may not have been altogether judiciously managed, it has yet been nobly instrumental in the diffusion of learning, not merely primary, but comparatively liberal, -among the youth of the State, and, aided by the pledge ia our Constitution, which I cannot doubt will be faithfully observed, requiring 'the Geueral Assembly te make such provisions by taxation or otherwise, as with tbe income arising from the school trust fond, will secure a thorough and ef ficient system of common schools throughout the State, the future " history of our State will be adorned by even greater achievements, than tbe past, gratifying and honorable as they have been, for tbe promotion cl popular education, aad through it tfea public welfare. But, however efficient have been thesecauses ia advancing the material, intellectual and moral growth of the State,-we cannot and ought not to conceal from ourselves, that unaided by that other noble provision - of the ordinance which torever barred the territories against slaves, they would have been impotent for the accomplish-meat of the stupendous results to which 1 have so imperfectly referred.- r '- - This was the pre-eminently distinguishing feature of 1 that incomparable instrument. It was tbe first solemn dedication of national terri tory to the rights of universal human freedom. It was tbe brat national declaration, in practical form, condemnatory of slavery as a social in- stitotion. It was tbe inauguration of the policy logically resulting from - the principles of the Declaration of Independence, and approved by all the States of the confederacy, to forever exclude slavery from the national domain, and to discourage iu existence every where within the jurisdiction of the United States not in conflict with tbe rights t tbe slave-holding States.' It was, in effect, a moral pledge of the world, that as iu frame rs and their compatriots had by a long, arduous and heroic struggle," emancipated themselves and their country from the political slavery prepared for them by an oppressive government, so, under oar federal system, such aws and constitutions should be esublisbed in our national territories as would fully recognize and sacredly guard the rights of human nature. ' And sorely it will not be denied, that to this original and persistent exclusion - of slavery we are chiefly indebted ' lot our rapid growth as a State; for oar individual and social wealth: and comforts, oar varied and extensive agriculture and manufactures, our profitable commerce, our achievemesU in all the osefnl arts, our humane civilization, and the love of freedom so univer sal among tbe people. ' - -' " - - TJad slavery been 'established here our popu lation and resources would riot be one half what they aroi Jn that case,"; war -ould tot boast of our almost nnrivalled triumphs inrevery branch of material Gerelopmerrt of our. extensive system of internal Imrrovementr:'of our colleges nd anlversit'jes,; our free common schooisour asylums and other public, xtaritifs which crown our, State with such dlstlnguUted ' honor, and i:lustrate--iB such attractive" forms the super! oritT of free over ' forced" Jabor, for" all the just - r ' - -.i- --- . t .f . purposes ct sd;u ana govermeaiai pranisat.ou Upon" yoa, benators and Representatives, and - .i. i . - . i . . yocr successors, wi.t oevo.ve; ia larpe pari, ie grateful U.k-' cf proTiJic? by srntabJsj legisla-irin far "the future prowth 'cf tie Elate, and to r-f8rT( in tr.sr "Vt?cr." SS vital t'c;.er ts cf our pw-kal ir'l s- ci&l isvsteui; the ju.-t atd hu t.r': wi.ifli I t.ikie rf-frrrt ' Uin:-C j ii. i-n . i ------ . m . " L.7 I rt-ulatli r t-e rU.s cf ti lertj? cf frejcr:i3j asi eifrclr 3 da-L arisingTjot of the domestic and social relaCati' of regulating elections, and preserving the purity of the elective franchise; of esUblisLic Uws fT1 thei encouragement of agriculture and all useful arts; for . the organizalion and discipline of the militia; for the education of the youth tha support of the poor, and the relief of the aCictedf of providing for tbe payment of the SUM debt and for sacredly preserving the public faith, aud of enacting all other laws, for securing civil rights, and defending the honor of the State. For the exercise of these supreme powers cf the State, ' the people ever extend a reeerori confidence to their chosen representatives. 1 be executive forms no part of the legislative authority. - "He exercises no control over hg'rs4 tioo.' : Ilia duties are to see that the laws are faithfully ' executed, and to recommend to thw consideration of the "General Assembly, such measures as he may think adapted ta promoter the public welfare. - ' - ' - It will not be expected of me, at this time, to ca)l year attention to many 'matters of legiila tion. Let me briefly refer to a few: L ' Tho existing legislation "on the "subject of the fiscal 1 relations ot our State abd local govern-menU,ritbout requiring a radical change, need a better adjustment of details. Our taxes for State and local purposes are very burdensome, and made more onerous on account of the largo amount -of taxable property that escapes the vigilance of the assessor. The Isws should be mors searching, so as to subject all tbe coQ-exempf property, of whatever description, to its just pro' portion of the burdens of taxation. ' I respectfully Suggest the expediency of e thorough revision of the laws relating to (his ee tire subject, and particularly of those more directly affecting our loe&l governments, to the end not only of limiting the amount, but of better defining the scope and purpose for. which Uxes may be levied,' to wbieh may be added, the re quiring a more specific publication of the puhlio expenditures in out cities. Laws cannot be too explicit in defining and enforcing a proper accountability of all person acting in a public capacity. I respectfully r-commend, that as a part of any law yon may en' act on this subject, provision be made regalatio public contracts, to apply as well to local- as to State administration. . The appropriating public money by a poblfo officer to bis private use, should be visited by tho most exemplary punishment. It should avail nothing in what form it may be done, whether by means of loaning, depositing, or otherwise.' The gist of the oflence should be the expecU-u'on or hope of tbe officer of receiving a privsXer benefit from the aet. He should be prohibited from tampering with the publie fnnds in auy way, and restricted in their use, to the demands of his official duties. All perquisites, should be denied him. If the salary be inadequate to ibw responsibility or labors of the particular c5ce, let it be increased to a compensatory maximum. . Leave no pretext for an abuse of his trust. - The sacred ness of private and publie property is tha life of republican forms of government, and one of the very highest duties of the legislator is to surround it with all the necessary safe-guards of law. - The disposition of the Public Works of the State will doubtless attract your attention. These works are no longer self-sustaining. They are an annual charge upon the Treasury. Why this is so, whether because of radical defecU io th Uws relating to their management to an unwise rate mTif la"strr tha-want .nf .a nrocer ecrpe- my in their repairs, er to a damaging com petition) of the more improved means of transportation, I will not now inquire. That the question' of the disposition focf Public Works may receive that careful attention and revision which the interests involved demand I respectfully Suggest to yoa the passage of s. joint resolution authorizing the commission ot three gentlemen of enlarged experience and capacity, whose special duty it shall be to make a thorough and detailed examination of the entire subject, and that tbey report to the Governor, at the earliest practicable period, such changes aad modifications io our canal laws, as in their judgment are desirable to lessen the expenses, or to increase the income, so as at least to make our canals fully self-sosUinieg. If a thorough experience shall demonstrate that they cannot be made self sustaining, constant agitation must be expected of the proposition to sell or lease them, so as to hare the Sute relieved of their support. ' " . ' I suggest the appointment of this Com mission ' because of my apprehension that the members of the Legislature have not the time, nor the means witbio their reach, during a session, with so maay other demands upon their attention, to give tu so complicated and important a subject that tematic, detailed and thorough investigation which the interests involved seem to me to in . quire. . - - - , Among the topics' commanding the attention; of our sister States, and worthy of your preseLt consideration, ia the measure of encoursgement which a State should hold oat to her organized and disciplined militia. The last two General Assemblies enacted laws and directed the preparation of Regulations, io order to perfect tha framework of the State militia organization, and develop a symmetrical and well ordered system, which has been so far realized, as to leave Utile to be done bat for yon to determine, in your wis., dom, whether the State shall endorse that system by iu. direct aid. The Reports from the proper ecers show thai through the want of snch a system: heretofore, the Sute has lost more than $600,000 in valna of arms received from , tbe United Sutes. -Av proper State Arsenal, and snch direct aid to the citizen soldier, under stringent limitalkmsv aa would practically defray the actual expense 'of keeping the arms in the manner required by law would, it is believed, prevent similar sacrifices ia the future, and be economical to the State. It would also command a small and well dieciplio ed force, sufficiently large to give weight to tha sanctions of law, and prove a sufueient aocleua for any necessary increase. . 7, Other States have embraced the plan sogrest- ed, and. the counsels of the Fathers f ihe He publie unite with the concurrent aetion of the majority of the 8tate- Legislature, to pronounce-a, well regulated militia, which is from and cf tha people, to one of the surest safe-guards for tie enforcement of law, the maintenance cf order,. . and the perpetuation of those personal rights, which are our chief reliance and dear to every . A merican citizen. -.. .. - 3 ' Every other Stale in the Union, except FLn da, has completed, or basin progress," a g8tlci cal survey of her territory, and -I wou'i recor-i- mend to yoef esrly consideration tbe ccr a " bt the reoloffieal servey of this Elate, which j been toolong suspended. 1 doubt not hs izz,-cr"! taace to tbe agricultural aad cLu-; Ir.'iret.s cf: the State, and to ihe advancetaent cf science, will fully justify aa epprcpnaUca lit tut.;:: prosecution. "J -w";..' -" -'" -." 5 TJy the constltntTcc, ft Isrsa'a tie cV 7 c f LenTatare to prcpcue sach araenJe'.: j c .' . instrument as ia iu jii;i:iLt lis J i'. demands.- '"rif ' ' .' " V'.-" :SoJ!!c!ett;-elsi ecl etsf-I t' - - Con cf t ? r-r- ::u.:-r, ta Ct'try ' - f : practical woitir.2S'a'.i Je v. lilc ":t T. - ptbe rublic i-iterests r"y rs - i . fs have le"n p-;-oea, tut c - aVlch I i z ct r;fci'y -r r fcfj" lfi t T-rovt-i in tr.e t ar- er tie c--i- .--3." Tit f-' i tL m. r t 11: