What is the most powerful force in the universe? Scientists would argue that it is black holes, gamma bursts, self-replication or intelligence. For CIOs, the answer is different. Inertia is the most powerful force that CIOs face today as change agents.

Inertia makes it difficult to start and scale digital transformation. It doesn’t maintain status quo and leads to atrophy. CIOs can track atrophy in their organisation to inertia. Talent and culture are their biggest barriers to success, according to Gartner’s 2019 CIO Agenda survey.

Inertia is difficult to combat because you cannot get your arms around it. But it will slow transformation more than any technical glitch.

So, what does inertia look like? It is doing nothing because that is considered safer than doing anything (risky). It is the engineer who wants to change but has a project milestone that is due on Friday; or the CEO who wants to explore new business models but cannot take risks with the underlying profit model because shareholders will punish even the slightest miss in earnings.

Inertia is difficult to combat because you cannot get your arms around it. But it will slow transformation more than any technical glitch.

Try using tactics that require little to no budget to execute. Small, everyday tactics can make a big difference. They will not magically scale all of your digital transformation, but they will create momentum for faster progress.

Hack your cultureCulture is like a living being who is hard-wired for survival and self-preservation. Many CIOs have an engineering background. Engineers are great at creating detailed plans, but one for changing everything typically will not work when it comes to culture because it is just too amorphous to change at once.

Hack your culture instead. Find one access point where the culture is vulnerable to change and exploit that. Culture hacks elicit an immediate, visceral response. They signal to a large group that change is real and happening now.

Here is the key: they are low effort. You should be able to design and carry out a hack in fewer than 48 hours. If you need three months and 10 people, it is not a hack.

Be a diplomatCIOs who are change agents often tell us they feel misunderstood by employees. They try to move as quickly as possible to drive change. Employees sometimes view them as out of touch with reality, or someone they can outlast by sticking with “the way things have always been.

Become a diplomat instead. Get out of your office as much as you can. One open discussion about digital transformation over lunch is sometimes worth a dozen formal town halls that repeat why it is important. Shuttle diplomacy, which requires you to be close to your employees, is central to your job as a change agent.

Most CIOs feel like demands on IT are growing by orders of magnitude. This is not sustainable, especially given insufficient IT-business resources and digital skills are among the biggest barriers.

A new mantra is needed: do less with more. Business ecosystems will help you do this. Today your organisation might create 100% of its total revenue. In five years, your ecosystem may create 5% of your total revenue, and your organisation may create 95%. This is doing less with more.

Use two-pizza teamsA two-pizza team is small enough (typically five to seven people) to be fed by two pizzas. This concept emerged from Jeff Bezos at Amazon in the early 2000s. Small team sizes are believed to have the ability to innovate more easily, move more quickly and are given strong service ownership.

The CIO of Toyota makes employees the “CEO” of their idea to emphasise their full responsibility and decision rights associated with the idea. This improves the ability to scale proven prototypes, which helps scale digital transformation.

To empower talent to scale important innovations, cancel meetings that have too many people attending. Break large teams into two-pizza teams with full-time participation and no other delivery demands. Make the initial idea creator the project owner to expedite progress and reduce the risk of hand-off failure later. Also make a rule that decisions need to be made within 48 hours.

Change the way you spend your timeCIOs are spending more time on new strategies, business models and operating models. But their day job of running IT and keeping the lights on has not gone away. There are two main traps to navigate: operational glitches and time management.

A CIO with whom I spoke, wanted to spend more time being a visionary for the organisation rather than just running operations. So, he delegated IT strategy and operations by creating two new positions, both of which were filled by people who already reported to him, but previously had more tactical roles. This freed him up to spend more time on new business and operating models.

Help leaders imagine new business modelsAlmost two thirds (63%) of CEOs say they are likely to change their business models within the next two years, according to Gartner’s 2018 CEO survey.

You have a unique role to play in inspiring business model change because of your deep understanding of technology and the data trail that can create new opportunities. Help other leaders imagine what the possibilities for new business models are.

Jenny Beresford is a research director for Gartner’s CIO Advisory team, having served as a CIO in global enterprises