Macros

Detailed Description

It can parse and construct URLs in both encoded and unencoded form. QUrl also has support for internationalized domain names (IDNs).

The most common way to use QUrl is to initialize it via the constructor by passing a QString. Otherwise, setUrl() can also be used.

URLs can be represented in two forms: encoded or unencoded. The unencoded representation is suitable for showing to users, but the encoded representation is typically what you would send to a web server. For example, the unencoded URL "http://bühler.example.com/List of applicants.xml" would be sent to the server as "http://xn--bhler-kva.example.com/List%20of%20applicants.xml".

Call isValid() to check if the URL is valid. This can be done at any point during the constructing of a URL. If isValid() returns false, you should clear() the URL before proceeding, or start over by parsing a new URL with setUrl().

For the convenience of generating encoded URL strings or query strings, there are two static functions called fromPercentEncoding() and toPercentEncoding() which deal with percent encoding and decoding of QString objects.

The human readable representation of the URL is fetched with toString(). This representation is appropriate for displaying a URL to a user in unencoded form. The encoded form however, as returned by toEncoded(), is for internal use, passing to web servers, mail clients and so on. Both forms are technically correct and represent the same URL unambiguously -- in fact, passing either form to QUrl's constructor or to setUrl() will yield the same QUrl object.

QUrl conforms to the URI specification from RFC 3986 (Uniform Resource Identifier: Generic Syntax), and includes scheme extensions from RFC 1738 (Uniform Resource Locators). Case folding rules in QUrl conform to RFC 3491 (Nameprep: A Stringprep Profile for Internationalized Domain Names (IDN)). It is also compatible with the file URI specification from freedesktop.org, provided that the locale encodes file names using UTF-8 (required by IDN).

Relative URLs vs Relative Paths

Calling isRelative() will return whether or not the URL is relative. A relative URL has no scheme. For example:

A relative URL can be resolved by passing it as an argument to resolved(), which returns an absolute URL. isParentOf() is used for determining whether one URL is a parent of another.

Error checking

QUrl is capable of detecting many errors in URLs while parsing it or when components of the URL are set with individual setter methods (like setScheme(), setHost() or setPath()). If the parsing or setter function is successful, any previously recorded error conditions will be discarded.

By default, QUrl setter methods operate in QUrl::TolerantMode, which means they accept some common mistakes and mis-representation of data. An alternate method of parsing is QUrl::StrictMode, which applies further checks. See QUrl::ParsingMode for a description of the difference of the parsing modes.

QUrl only checks for conformance with the URL specification. It does not try to verify that high-level protocol URLs are in the format they are expected to be by handlers elsewhere. For example, the following URIs are all considered valid by QUrl, even if they do not make sense when used:

"http:/filename.html"

"mailto://example.com"

When the parser encounters an error, it signals the event by making isValid() return false and toString() / toEncoded() return an empty string. If it is necessary to show the user the reason why the URL failed to parse, the error condition can be obtained from QUrl by calling errorString(). Note that this message is highly technical and may not make sense to end-users.

QUrl is capable of recording only one error condition. If more than one error is found, it is undefined which error is reported.

Character Conversions

Follow these rules to avoid erroneous character conversion when dealing with URLs and strings:

Member Type Documentation

The component formatting options define how the components of an URL will be formatted when written out as text. They can be combined with the options from QUrl::FormattingOptions when used in toString() and toEncoded().

Constant

Value

Description

QUrl::PrettyDecoded

0x000000

The component is returned in a "pretty form", with most percent-encoded characters decoded. The exact behavior of PrettyDecoded varies from component to component and may also change from Qt release to Qt release. This is the default.

QUrl::EncodeSpaces

0x100000

Leave space characters in their encoded form ("%20").

QUrl::EncodeUnicode

0x200000

Leave non-US-ASCII characters encoded in their UTF-8 percent-encoded form (e.g., "%C3%A9" for the U+00E9 codepoint, LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE).

QUrl::EncodeDelimiters

0x400000 | 0x800000

Leave certain delimiters in their encoded form, as would appear in the URL when the full URL is represented as text. The delimiters are affected by this option change from component to component. This flag has no effect in toString() or toEncoded().

QUrl::EncodeReserved

0x1000000

Leave US-ASCII characters not permitted in the URL by the specification in their encoded form. This is the default on toString() and toEncoded().

QUrl::DecodeReserved

0x2000000

Decode the US-ASCII characters that the URL specification does not allow to appear in the URL. This is the default on the getters of individual components.

QUrl::FullyEncoded

EncodeSpaces | EncodeUnicode | EncodeDelimiters | EncodeReserved

Leave all characters in their properly-encoded form, as this component would appear as part of a URL. When used with toString(), this produces a fully-compliant URL in QString form, exactly equal to the result of toEncoded()

QUrl::FullyDecoded

FullyEncoded | DecodeReserved | 0x4000000

Attempt to decode as much as possible. For individual components of the URL, this decodes every percent encoding sequence, including control characters (U+0000 to U+001F) and UTF-8 sequences found in percent-encoded form. Use of this mode may cause data loss, see below for more information.

The values of EncodeReserved and DecodeReserved should not be used together in one call. The behavior is undefined if that happens. They are provided as separate values because the behavior of the "pretty mode" with regards to reserved characters is different on certain components and specially on the full URL.

Full decoding

The FullyDecoded mode is similar to the behavior of the functions returning QString in Qt 4.x, in that every character represents itself and never has any special meaning. This is true even for the percent character ('%'), which should be interpreted to mean a literal percent, not the beginning of a percent-encoded sequence. The same actual character, in all other decoding modes, is represented by the sequence "%25".

Whenever re-applying data obtained with QUrl::FullyDecoded into a QUrl, care must be taken to use the QUrl::DecodedMode parameter to the setters (like setPath() and setUserName()). Failure to do so may cause re-interpretation of the percent character ('%') as the beginning of a percent-encoded sequence.

This mode is quite useful when portions of a URL are used in a non-URL context. For example, to extract the username, password or file paths in an FTP client application, the FullyDecoded mode should be used.

This mode should be used with care, since there are two conditions that cannot be reliably represented in the returned QString. They are:

Non-UTF-8 sequences: URLs may contain sequences of percent-encoded characters that do not form valid UTF-8 sequences. Since URLs need to be decoded using UTF-8, any decoder failure will result in the QString containing one or more replacement characters where the sequence existed.

Encoded delimiters: URLs are also allowed to make a distinction between a delimiter found in its literal form and its equivalent in percent-encoded form. This is most commonly found in the query, but is permitted in most parts of the URL.

If the two URLs were used via HTTP GET, the interpretation by the web server would probably be different. In the first case, it would interpret as one parameter, with a key of "q" and value "a+=b&c". In the second case, it would probably interpret as two parameters, one with a key of "q" and value "a =b", and the second with a key "c" and no value.

This enum was introduced or modified in Qt 5.0.

The ComponentFormattingOptions type is a typedef for QFlags<ComponentFormattingOption>. It stores an OR combination of ComponentFormattingOption values.

enum QUrl::ParsingMode

QUrl will try to correct some common errors in URLs. This mode is useful for parsing URLs coming from sources not known to be strictly standards-conforming.

QUrl::StrictMode

1

Only valid URLs are accepted. This mode is useful for general URL validation.

QUrl::DecodedMode

2

QUrl will interpret the URL component in the fully-decoded form, where percent characters stand for themselves, not as the beginning of a percent-encoded sequence. This mode is only valid for the setters setting components of a URL; it is not permitted in the QUrl constructor, in fromEncoded() or in setUrl(). For more information on this mode, see the documentation for QUrl::FullyDecoded.

In TolerantMode, the parser has the following behaviour:

Spaces and "%20": unencoded space characters will be accepted and will be treated as equivalent to "%20".

Single "%" characters: Any occurrences of a percent character "%" not followed by exactly two hexadecimal characters (e.g., "13% coverage.html") will be replaced by "%25". Note that one lone "%" character will trigger the correction mode for all percent characters.

Reserved and unreserved characters: An encoded URL should only contain a few characters as literals; all other characters should be percent-encoded. In TolerantMode, these characters will be accepted if they are found in the URL: space / double-quote / "<" / ">" / "" / "^" / "`" / "{" / "|" / "}" Those same characters can be decoded again by passing QUrl::DecodeReserved to toString() or toEncoded(). In the getters of individual components, those characters are often returned in decoded form.

When in StrictMode, if a parsing error is found, isValid() will return false and errorString() will return a message describing the error. If more than one error is detected, it is undefined which error gets reported.

Note that TolerantMode is not usually enough for parsing user input, which often contains more errors and expectations than the parser can deal with. When dealing with data coming directly from the user -- as opposed to data coming from data-transfer sources, such as other programs -- it is recommended to use fromUserInput().

The user input resolution options define how fromUserInput() should interpret strings that could either be a relative path or the short form of a HTTP URL. For instance file.pl can be either a local file or the URL http://file.pl.

Constant

Value

Description

QUrl::DefaultResolution

0

The default resolution mechanism is to check whether a local file exists, in the working directory given to fromUserInput, and only return a local path in that case. Otherwise a URL is assumed.

QUrl::AssumeLocalFile

1

This option makes fromUserInput() always return a local path unless the input contains a scheme, such as http://file.pl. This is useful for applications such as text editors, which are able to create the file if it doesn't exist.

This enum was introduced or modified in Qt 5.4.

The UserInputResolutionOptions type is a typedef for QFlags<UserInputResolutionOption>. It stores an OR combination of UserInputResolutionOption values.

Member Function Documentation

QUrl::QUrl()

Constructs a URL by parsing url. QUrl will automatically percent encode all characters that are not allowed in a URL and decode the percent-encoded sequences that represent an unreserved character (letters, digits, hyphens, undercores, dots and tildes). All other characters are left in their original forms.

Parses the url using the parser mode parsingMode. In TolerantMode (the default), QUrl will correct certain mistakes, notably the presence of a percent character ('%') not followed by two hexadecimal digits, and it will accept any character in any position. In StrictMode, encoding mistakes will not be tolerated and QUrl will also check that certain forbidden characters are not present in unencoded form. If an error is detected in StrictMode, isValid() will return false. The parsing mode DecodedMode is not permitted in this context.

Returns the authority of the URL if it is defined; otherwise an empty string is returned.

This function returns an unambiguous value, which may contain that characters still percent-encoded, plus some control sequences not representable in decoded form in QString.

The options argument controls how to format the user info component. The value of QUrl::FullyDecoded is not permitted in this function. If you need to obtain fully decoded data, call userName(), password(), host() and port() individually.

The options argument controls how to format the file name component. All values produce an unambiguous result. With QUrl::FullyDecoded, all percent-encoded sequences are decoded; otherwise, the returned value may contain some percent-encoded sequences for some control sequences not representable in decoded form in QString.

Returns the fragment of the URL. To determine if the parsed URL contained a fragment, use hasFragment().

The options argument controls how to format the fragment component. All values produce an unambiguous result. With QUrl::FullyDecoded, all percent-encoded sequences are decoded; otherwise, the returned value may contain some percent-encoded sequences for some control sequences not representable in decoded form in QString.

Note that QUrl::FullyDecoded may cause data loss if those non-representable sequences are present. It is recommended to use that value when the result will be used in a non-URL context.

Returns the Unicode form of the given domain name domain, which is encoded in the ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE). The result of this function is considered equivalent to domain.

If the value in domain cannot be encoded, it will be converted to QString and returned.

The ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE) is defined by RFC 3490, RFC 3491 and RFC 3492. It is part of the Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA) specification, which allows for domain names (like "example.com") to be written using international characters.

Returns a QUrl representation of localFile, interpreted as a local file. This function accepts paths separated by slashes as well as the native separator for this platform.

This function also accepts paths with a doubled leading slash (or backslash) to indicate a remote file, as in "//servername/path/to/file.txt". Note that only certain platforms can actually open this file using QFile::open().

Returns a decoded copy of input. input is first decoded from percent encoding, then converted from UTF-8 to unicode.

Note: Given invalid input (such as a string containing the sequence "%G5", which is not a valid hexadecimal number) the output will be invalid as well. As an example: the sequence "%G5" could be decoded to 'W'.

Returns a valid URL from a user supplied userInput string if one can be deducted. In the case that is not possible, an invalid QUrl() is returned.

Most applications that can browse the web, allow the user to input a URL in the form of a plain string. This string can be manually typed into a location bar, obtained from the clipboard, or passed in via command line arguments.

When the string is not already a valid URL, a best guess is performed, making various web related assumptions.

In the case the string corresponds to a valid file path on the system, a file:// URL is constructed, using QUrl::fromLocalFile().

If that is not the case, an attempt is made to turn the string into a http:// or ftp:// URL. The latter in the case the string starts with 'ftp'. The result is then passed through QUrl's tolerant parser, and in the case or success, a valid QUrl is returned, or else a QUrl().

Returns a valid URL from a user supplied userInput string if one can be deducted. In the case that is not possible, an invalid QUrl() is returned.

This overload takes a workingDirectory path, in order to be able to handle relative paths. This is especially useful when handling command line arguments. If workingDirectory is empty, no handling of relative paths will be done, so this method will behave like its one argument overload.

By default, an input string that looks like a relative path will only be treated as such if the file actually exists in the given working directory.

If the application can handle files that don't exist yet, it should pass the flag AssumeLocalFile in options.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.4.

bool QUrl::hasFragment() const

Returns true if this URL contains a fragment (i.e., if # was seen on it).

Returns the host of the URL if it is defined; otherwise an empty string is returned.

The options argument controls how the hostname will be formatted. The QUrl::EncodeUnicode option will cause this function to return the hostname in the ASCII-Compatible Encoding (ACE) form, which is suitable for use in channels that are not 8-bit clean or that require the legacy hostname (such as DNS requests or in HTTP request headers). If that flag is not present, this function returns the International Domain Name (IDN) in Unicode form, according to the list of permissible top-level domains (see idnWhitelist()).

All other flags are ignored. Host names cannot contain control or percent characters, so the returned value can be considered fully decoded.

Returns the password of the URL if it is defined; otherwise an empty string is returned.

The options argument controls how to format the user name component. All values produce an unambiguous result. With QUrl::FullyDecoded, all percent-encoded sequences are decoded; otherwise, the returned value may contain some percent-encoded sequences for some control sequences not representable in decoded form in QString.

Note that QUrl::FullyDecoded may cause data loss if those non-representable sequences are present. It is recommended to use that value when the result will be used in a non-URL context, such as setting in QAuthenticator or negotiating a login.

The options argument controls how to format the path component. All values produce an unambiguous result. With QUrl::FullyDecoded, all percent-encoded sequences are decoded; otherwise, the returned value may contain some percent-encoded sequences for some control sequences not representable in decoded form in QString.

Note that QUrl::FullyDecoded may cause data loss if those non-representable sequences are present. It is recommended to use that value when the result will be used in a non-URL context, such as sending to an FTP server.

An example of data loss is when you have non-Unicode percent-encoded sequences and use FullyDecoded (the default):

Returns the query string of the URL if there's a query string, or an empty result if not. To determine if the parsed URL contained a query string, use hasQuery().

The options argument controls how to format the query component. All values produce an unambiguous result. With QUrl::FullyDecoded, all percent-encoded sequences are decoded; otherwise, the returned value may contain some percent-encoded sequences for some control sequences not representable in decoded form in QString.

Note that use of QUrl::FullyDecoded in queries is discouraged, as queries often contain data that is supposed to remain percent-encoded, including the use of the "%2B" sequence to represent a plus character ('+').

Returns the result of the merge of this URL with relative. This URL is used as a base to convert relative to an absolute URL.

If relative is not a relative URL, this function will return relative directly. Otherwise, the paths of the two URLs are merged, and the new URL returned has the scheme and authority of the base URL, but with the merged path, as in the following example:

Calling resolved() with ".." returns a QUrl whose directory is one level higher than the original. Similarly, calling resolved() with "../.." removes two levels from the path. If relative is "/", the path becomes "/".

The authority of a URL is the combination of user info, a host name and a port. All of these elements are optional; an empty authority is therefore valid.

The user info and host are separated by a '@', and the host and port are separated by a ':'. If the user info is empty, the '@' must be omitted; although a stray ':' is permitted if the port is empty.

The following example shows a valid authority string:

The authority data is interpreted according to mode: in StrictMode, any '%' characters must be followed by exactly two hexadecimal characters and some characters (including space) are not allowed in undecoded form. In TolerantMode (the default), all characters are accepted in undecoded form and the tolerant parser will correct stray '%' not followed by two hex characters.

Sets the fragment of the URL to fragment. The fragment is the last part of the URL, represented by a '#' followed by a string of characters. It is typically used in HTTP for referring to a certain link or point on a page:

The fragment is sometimes also referred to as the URL "reference".

Passing an argument of QString() (a null QString) will unset the fragment. Passing an argument of QString("") (an empty but not null QString) will set the fragment to an empty string (as if the original URL had a lone "#").

The fragment data is interpreted according to mode: in StrictMode, any '%' characters must be followed by exactly two hexadecimal characters and some characters (including space) are not allowed in undecoded form. In TolerantMode, all characters are accepted in undecoded form and the tolerant parser will correct stray '%' not followed by two hex characters. In DecodedMode, '%' stand for themselves and encoded characters are not possible.

The host data is interpreted according to mode: in StrictMode, any '%' characters must be followed by exactly two hexadecimal characters and some characters (including space) are not allowed in undecoded form. In TolerantMode, all characters are accepted in undecoded form and the tolerant parser will correct stray '%' not followed by two hex characters. In DecodedMode, '%' stand for themselves and encoded characters are not possible.

Note that, in all cases, the result of the parsing must be a valid hostname according to STD 3 rules, as modified by the Internationalized Resource Identifiers specification (RFC 3987). Invalid hostnames are not permitted and will cause isValid() to become false.

Sets the whitelist of Top-Level Domains (TLDs) that are allowed to have non-ASCII characters in domains to the value of list.

Note that if you call this function, you need to do so before you start any threads that might access idnWhitelist().

Qt comes with a default list that contains the Internet top-level domains that have published support for Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) and rules to guarantee that no deception can happen between similarly-looking characters (such as the Latin lowercase letter 'a' and the Cyrillic equivalent, which in most fonts are visually identical).

This list is periodically maintained, as registrars publish new rules.

This function is provided for those who need to manipulate the list, in order to add or remove a TLD. It is not recommended to change its value for purposes other than testing, as it may expose users to security risks.

Sets the URL's password to password. The password is part of the user info element in the authority of the URL, as described in setUserInfo().

The password data is interpreted according to mode: in StrictMode, any '%' characters must be followed by exactly two hexadecimal characters and some characters (including space) are not allowed in undecoded form. In TolerantMode, all characters are accepted in undecoded form and the tolerant parser will correct stray '%' not followed by two hex characters. In DecodedMode, '%' stand for themselves and encoded characters are not possible.

QUrl::DecodedMode should be used when setting the password from a data source which is not a URL, such as a password dialog shown to the user or with a password obtained by calling password() with the QUrl::FullyDecoded formatting option.

Sets the path of the URL to path. The path is the part of the URL that comes after the authority but before the query string.

For non-hierarchical schemes, the path will be everything following the scheme declaration, as in the following example:

The path data is interpreted according to mode: in StrictMode, any '%' characters must be followed by exactly two hexadecimal characters and some characters (including space) are not allowed in undecoded form. In TolerantMode (the default), all characters are accepted in undecoded form and the tolerant parser will correct stray '%' not followed by two hex characters. In DecodedMode, '%' stand for themselves and encoded characters are not possible.

QUrl::DecodedMode should be used when setting the path from a data source which is not a URL, such as a dialog shown to the user or with a path obtained by calling path() with the QUrl::FullyDecoded formatting option.

This function is useful if you need to pass a query string that does not fit into the key-value pattern, or that uses a different scheme for encoding special characters than what is suggested by QUrl.

Passing a value of QString() to query (a null QString) unsets the query completely. However, passing a value of QString("") will set the query to an empty value, as if the original URL had a lone "?".

The query data is interpreted according to mode: in StrictMode, any '%' characters must be followed by exactly two hexadecimal characters and some characters (including space) are not allowed in undecoded form. In TolerantMode, all characters are accepted in undecoded form and the tolerant parser will correct stray '%' not followed by two hex characters. In DecodedMode, '%' stand for themselves and encoded characters are not possible.

Query strings often contain percent-encoded sequences, so use of DecodedMode is discouraged. One special sequence to be aware of is that of the plus character ('+'). QUrl does not convert spaces to plus characters, even though HTML forms posted by web browsers do. In order to represent an actual plus character in a query, the sequence "%2B" is usually used. This function will leave "%2B" sequences untouched in TolerantMode or StrictMode.

This function reconstructs the query string from the QUrlQuery object and sets on this QUrl object. This function does not have parsing parameters because the QUrlQuery contains data that is already parsed.

Parses url and sets this object to that value. QUrl will automatically percent encode all characters that are not allowed in a URL and decode the percent-encoded sequences that represent an unreserved character (letters, digits, hyphens, undercores, dots and tildes). All other characters are left in their original forms.

Parses the url using the parser mode parsingMode. In TolerantMode (the default), QUrl will correct certain mistakes, notably the presence of a percent character ('%') not followed by two hexadecimal digits, and it will accept any character in any position. In StrictMode, encoding mistakes will not be tolerated and QUrl will also check that certain forbidden characters are not present in unencoded form. If an error is detected in StrictMode, isValid() will return false. The parsing mode DecodedMode is not permitted in this context and will produce a run-time warning.

Sets the user info of the URL to userInfo. The user info is an optional part of the authority of the URL, as described in setAuthority().

The user info consists of a user name and optionally a password, separated by a ':'. If the password is empty, the colon must be omitted. The following example shows a valid user info string:

The userInfo data is interpreted according to mode: in StrictMode, any '%' characters must be followed by exactly two hexadecimal characters and some characters (including space) are not allowed in undecoded form. In TolerantMode (the default), all characters are accepted in undecoded form and the tolerant parser will correct stray '%' not followed by two hex characters.

Sets the URL's user name to userName. The userName is part of the user info element in the authority of the URL, as described in setUserInfo().

The userName data is interpreted according to mode: in StrictMode, any '%' characters must be followed by exactly two hexadecimal characters and some characters (including space) are not allowed in undecoded form. In TolerantMode (the default), all characters are accepted in undecoded form and the tolerant parser will correct stray '%' not followed by two hex characters. In DecodedMode, '%' stand for themselves and encoded characters are not possible.

QUrl::DecodedMode should be used when setting the user name from a data source which is not a URL, such as a password dialog shown to the user or with a user name obtained by calling userName() with the QUrl::FullyDecoded formatting option.

Returns the ASCII Compatible Encoding of the given domain name domain. The result of this function is considered equivalent to domain.

The ASCII-Compatible Encoding (ACE) is defined by RFC 3490, RFC 3491 and RFC 3492. It is part of the Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA) specification, which allows for domain names (like "example.com") to be written using international characters.

This function returns an empty QByteArray if domain is not a valid hostname. Note, in particular, that IPv6 literals are not valid domain names.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.2.

CFURLRef QUrl::toCFURL() const

Creates a CFURL from a QUrl. The caller owns the CFURL and is responsible for releasing it.

Returns a human-displayable string representation of the URL. The output can be customized by passing flags with options. The option RemovePassword is always enabled, since passwords should never be shown back to users.

With the default options, the resulting QString can be passed back to a QUrl later on, but any password that was present initially will be lost.

Returns an encoded copy of input. input is first converted to UTF-8, and all ASCII-characters that are not in the unreserved group are percent encoded. To prevent characters from being percent encoded pass them to exclude. To force characters to be percent encoded pass them to include.

Returns a string representation of the URL. The output can be customized by passing flags with options. The option QUrl::FullyDecoded is not permitted in this function since it would generate ambiguous data.

Returns the TLD (Top-Level Domain) of the URL, (e.g. .co.uk, .net). Note that the return value is prefixed with a '.' unless the URL does not contain a valid TLD, in which case the function returns an empty string.

Note that this function considers a TLD to be any domain that allows users to register subdomains under, including many home, dynamic DNS websites and blogging providers. This is useful for determining whether two websites belong to the same infrastructure and communication should be allowed, such as browser cookies: two domains should be considered part of the same website if they share at least one label in addition to the value returned by this function.

foo.co.uk and foo.com do not share a top-level domain

foo.co.uk and bar.co.uk share the .co.uk domain, but the next label is different

www.foo.co.uk and ftp.foo.co.uk share the same top-level domain and one more label, so they are considered part of the same site

If options includes EncodeUnicode, the returned string will be in ASCII Compatible Encoding.

Returns a string representation of the URL. The output can be customized by passing flags with options. The option QUrl::FullyDecoded is not permitted in this function since it would generate ambiguous data.

Returns the user info of the URL, or an empty string if the user info is undefined.

This function returns an unambiguous value, which may contain that characters still percent-encoded, plus some control sequences not representable in decoded form in QString.

The options argument controls how to format the user info component. The value of QUrl::FullyDecoded is not permitted in this function. If you need to obtain fully decoded data, call userName() and password() individually.

Returns the user name of the URL if it is defined; otherwise an empty string is returned.

The options argument controls how to format the user name component. All values produce an unambiguous result. With QUrl::FullyDecoded, all percent-encoded sequences are decoded; otherwise, the returned value may contain some percent-encoded sequences for some control sequences not representable in decoded form in QString.

Note that QUrl::FullyDecoded may cause data loss if those non-representable sequences are present. It is recommended to use that value when the result will be used in a non-URL context, such as setting in QAuthenticator or negotiating a login.

Macro Documentation

QT_NO_URL_CAST_FROM_STRING

Compiling your code with this define is useful when you have a lot of code that uses QString for file names and you wish to convert it to use QUrl for network transparency. In any code that uses QUrl, it can help avoid missing QUrl::resolved() calls, and other misuses of QString to QUrl conversions.