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The College of Oncology was established in the Royal Decree on the Oncology Care Programme enacted in 2004. The composition is of a multidisciplinary nature and is a reflection of the multidisciplinarity of daily oncological care.

The remit of the College is set out in the Royal Decree. The College has the duty to monitor the quality of oncological care. To date, various initiatives have been taken to this end within the relevant working groups. One of the most important working groups is the ‘Oncological manual and guidelines for clinical practice’ working group.

Every year, an initiative is taken to compile new guidelines or conduct a revision of existing directives. The aim is to tailor guidelines specifically to Belgium. To this end, use is made of existing clinical-scientific evidence, international guidelines and the broad expertise garnered from oncological practice within specific multidisciplinary working groups set up on an ad hoc basis. In the past, the KCE has provided scientific support for collection and organisation of the evidence.

The College is also an advisory body to the Minister for Health and has taken various initiatives in this context or cooperated on initiatives to further improve the quality of oncological care.

Highlighted initiatives include: a survey on the implementation of legislation for care programmes, the registration of rare oncological disorders such as choriocarcinoma and seminoma, the development of quality indicators, PROCARE registration, participation in the implementation of NGS, genetic testing for hereditary cancers as well as the organisation of a round table on networking in complex cancer care and the drawing-up of an advisory text for the minister.