Chapter 5

Most colonial cities in the Roman Empire employed a grid plan arranged around a north-south cardo crossed by an east-west decumanus. The following Roman city, however, did not because of the hilly topography of the site.

Elaborating upon the architectural form of the Greek theater, the Roman theater included an elaborate ___________ which often imitated the elaborate architecture of the Roman city. The Roman theater at Merida, Spain, is an example of such a feature.

a. templeb. caveac. orchestrad. scenae frons

Roman baths became monumental and spatially sophisticated complexes that included swimming pools and a series of bath rooms with lukewarm, cold, and hot water. The grassy arcaded court for outdoor exercise was known as the _________.

a. palaestrab. natatoriumc. caldariumd. tepidarium

Where a patrician family in the Roman Empire may have resided in a domus or even an extra-urban villa, the underclass often lived in multilevel tenements on an apartment block known as an _________. Examples of this housing type survive in the ancient Roman port of Ostia.

a. domusb. tablinumc. impluviumd. insula

In addition to the normal meeting spaces and temples associated with a Roman forum, the Forum of Trajan included a series of commercial spaces known as __________. It features a 9 m hall spanned by a barrel vault with lateral groin vaults.

a. the Basilica of Trajanb. the Library of Trajanc. the Pantheond. the Markets of Trajan

The model for the capital city in ancient China derived from a set of general rules that proposed a quadrangle with three gates on each side, three sets of triple avenues running straight from the gates, and the palace occupying a large enclave in the center. The model was known as the _______, or “ruler's city.”

a. jianb. wangchengc. taijitud. feng shui

In the emperor's palace compound the principal buildings followed a tripartite diagram consisting of a foundation platform, a rectangular timber frame made of interlocking parts, and a decorative roof. The structure supporting the roof was often embellished with multilevel brackets, or _______.

a. jianb. wangchengc. dougongd. feng shui

Emperor __________, founder of the Qin dynasty, constructed the dynasty's capital of Xianyang, which covered a greater area than Rome and may have had a larger population.

a. Shi Huangdib. Gaozuc. Chou Lid. Confucius

The principal religious focus of the Han capital of Chang'an was the _______. The layout of the temple focused on the cosmological role of the emperor as the conduit of divine grace. The square temple rose on a circular terrace surrounded by a square colonnade that in turn was enclosed by an outer circular platform and square moat.

In a Chinese courtyard house, or _________, a visitor would follow an oblique path through the residence to protect the internal rules of behavior and allow the spatial sequences to unfold according to a protocol of ‘graduate privacy'.

a. mingb. wangchengc. Mingtangd. siheyuan

The two surviving monumental Olmec centers at San Lorenzo and ________, featured giant stone heads and thrones.

a. La Ventab. Monte Albánc. Teotihuacánd. Tikal

Unlike the ancient Chinese, who constantly rebuilt their structures, the Zapotecs added successive layers on them. At this site, the platform temples and pyramids are layered like the skin of an onion.

a. La Ventab. San Lorenzoc. Monte Albánd. Teotihuacán

From 100 BCE to 200 CE, this city produced two great pyramids, hundreds of platform temples, and 2,000 palaces.

a. La Ventab. San Lorenzoc. Monte Albánd. Teotihuacán

The central axis of Teotihuacán is a sunken, 50 m wide avenue, now called __________, or “Avenue of the Dead” that extended 6 kms in length.

a. axis mundib. ciudadelac. Miccaotlid. barrios

The Temple of the Feathered Serpent and the Moon Pyramid employ this decorative feature in which horizontal panels are cantilevered over a base, creating a surface where exquisite reliefs can be sculpted.