SSB Lecturette on India - China Relation

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SSB Lecturette on India - China Relation

SSB Lecturette on Indo - China Relation

Indo-China relations refers to the bilateral relationship between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of India. China and India are two most populous countries and fastest growing major economies in the world. The resultant growth in China and India's international diplomatic and economic influence has also increased the significance of their bilateral relationship. They share a 4225 Kms long border.

Both the countries had jointly formulated `PANCHSHEEL’ in 1955 for peaceful coexistence. However, China got irritated with India on the issue of asylum to Dalai Lama in 1959. In 1962 China attacked India and captured 31000 sq km of Indian Territory, which is today known as Akshai Chin.
In 1988 ex PM Mr. Rajiv Gandhi visited China to ease the tension between both the countries. The two sides issued a joint communiqué that stressed the need to restore friendly relations on the basis of the Panch Shila.

Border trade resumed in July 1992 after a gap of more than thirty years.

Sino-Indian relations hit a low point in 1998 following India's nuclear tests in May. China was one of the strongest international critics of India's nuclear tests and entry into the nuclear club. During the 1999 Kargil War China voiced support for Pakistan, but also counselled Pakistan to withdraw its forces.

2003 ushered in a marked improvement in Sino-Indian relations following Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee's landmark June 2003 visit to China. China officially recognised Indian sovereignty over Sikkim as the two nations moved towards resolving their border disputes.

In May 2013, days before a trip by Indian Foreign Minister Salman Khurshid to China, a three-week standoff between Indian and Chinese troops in close proximity to each other and the Line of Actual Control between Jammu and Kashmir's Ladakh region and Aksai Chin was defused The Chinese agreed to withdraw their troops in exchange for an Indian agreement to demolish several "live-in bunkers" 250 km to the south in the disputed Chumar sector.

In June 2012, China stated its position that "Sino-Indian ties" could be the most "important bilateral partnership of the century".That month Wen Jiabao, the Premier of China and Manmohan Singh, the Prime Minister of India set a goal to increase bilateral trade between the two countries to US$100 billion by 2015. In November 2012, the bilateral trade was estimated to be $73.9 Billion.

The relationship between India and China has never been too strong in modern times, though the bilateral trade is expected to touch $1 Trillion by 2050. There have also been speculations on Indian side on how to tackle the rising trade deficit with China which currently stands up at $40 Billion.
India has taken few steps towards its growth, which are:-

Nuclear energy pact with eight countries.

Passed Right to Education Bill.

About to undertake judicial reform.

Special drives to improve rural economy.

Are on their way to pass Lokpal Bill towards eradicating corruption

China is certain that there is no other country other than India which can pose a threat to them and so they are countering India at every step. Some of the examples are:-

Creating problems when green signal was given to India by IAEA in Austria.

Creating hindrance when India sought loan from ADB.

Undertaking deep border incursions.

Aiding and abetting India’s Naxals movement.

Raising issues on the visit of Dr. Manmohan Singh and Dalai Lama to Arunachal, as if it was their land and in 2011 on the Lama’s visit in West Bengal.

Gentlemen, from the facts enumerated above, it is very clear that China wants India to remain embroiled in its internal problems and not be its competitor.

In order to face Chinese incursion, India must undertake four pronged attack. Firstly, it must solve all its internal problems like Naxalism, rearm & retrain police and strengthen intelligence system.
Secondly, India must develop good relations with its neighbours Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan to bring our seven eastern states closer with the rest of India. Thirdly, India must make good relations with major countries of the world to create a power block on its own side. Fourthly, we must make our Army, Navy and Air Force strong to confront China.

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang made his first foreign visit to India on 18 May 2013 in a bid to resolve border disputes and to stimulate economic relations.

The foreign secretary said China's help to Pakistan in the construction of nuclear reactors is a "concern" for India. These issues, along with the Chinese insistence on issuing stapled visas to Indian citizens from Arunchal Pradesh are also being discussed in the larger framework of the special representatives' dialogue.

In Oct 2013, India has unambiguously conveyed to China that the tactic of singling out Arunachal Pradesh residents by issuing them stapled visas has ended up stalling a much-anticipated visa deal and is a serious impediment to better ties.

Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has sealed significant pacts to curb use of force on the borders, open a dialogue on dams on the Brahmaputra and enhance cooperation on terrorism with China.

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