Supreme Court Hears Drug Lawsuit Pre-emption Case Next Week

The Supreme Court is scheduled to hear a case next week that could have a far-reaching effect on American consumers.Â If the HighÂ Court eventually takes the side of drugmakers in Wyeth vs. Levine, the right to sue drug companies for deaths or injuries caused by defective medicines will be sharply curbed.

Wyeth vs. Levine involves a Vermont woman who alleged she lost her arm from adverse events tied to Wyethâ€™s nausea and motion sickness drug Phenergan. Levine, who was awarded more than $6 million in her state court claim against Wyeth, said she was administered Phenergan at her local hospital emergency room. The product normally is administered intramuscularly, but hospital staff used a method called I.V. push of injecting the drug into her vein, which resulted in an inadvertent arterial injection. Inadvertent arterial injection of Phenergan is known to be dangerous. Levine, a guitar player, developed gangrene in her arm, which resulted in it being amputated.

Levine has contended that Phenerganâ€™s labeling failed to adequately warn about the dangers of using the I.V. push method. In 2000, the same year Levine sustained her injury, Wyeth changed the label of Phenergan to warn that the drug should not be given by intra-arterial injection because of the risk of gangrene.

Wyeth claims that the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) had weighed the risks and benefits of Phenergan in approving the drugâ€™s prescribing literature, or label, as a guide for doctors. The FDA was aware of risks associated with injecting some forms of Phenergan, but did not require the label to specifically warn about the technique used with Levine. Wyeth claims that the FDAâ€™s judgment in such matters cannot be overruled by a state court.

According to The Wall Street Journal, the case is worthÂ tens of billions of dollars to the pharmaceutical industry.Â The Bush Administration has backed the industry’s claim that FDA approval pre-empts theÂ filing of state product liability lawsuits, andÂ other industries are salivating over theÂ thought that any Supreme Court ruling favoring pre-emption in Wyeth vs. Levine could apply to their businesses as well.

Consumer groups, on the other hand, argue that it is vital that a consumer’s right to sue over a defective drug are fully upheld.Â They point out that the FDA approval process does not always catch safety problems, and in some instances, drug makers purposely withhold vitalÂ information from the agency.Â As a recent editorial in the New England Journal of Medicine pointed out, often litigation is the only way such wrongdoing is ever made public.

In anÂ Amicus Brief to the High Court, the editors of the Journal wrote that the â€œFDA alone simply lacks the ability to serve as the sole guarantor of drug safety.’â€™ Without the discoveries found by plaintiffâ€™s lawyers during the course of defective drug lawsuits, â€œthe FDA would be stripped of an essential source of information that the agency has consistently relied on when making its regulatory decisions, and the American public would be deprived of a vital deterrent against pharmaceutical company misconduct.’â€™