Edexcel GCSE Music- Peripetie

1909 Schoenberg `Peripetie' From Five Orchestral Pieces Style and period Expressionist, Modernist Expressing intense emotions The second Viennese school: Schoenberg Alban Berg Anton Webern Schoenberg felt like chromaticism had been developed as much as it could be in the romantic period and so he started writing in expressionism (atonal) as he felt he had to follow in the footsteps of the great Austrian composers and move music forwards. Key features: Atonal- avoids traditional keys-each semitone has equal importance. Each piece expresses an intense emotion Composers use the full pitch range exploring timbres at the extremes of the instrument's registers Use of extreme dynamics The timbre is as important as the pitch in contributing to the melody- Pieces are usually quite short- difficult to structure music without keys. Use of large orchestra Rhythmically complex Detailed dynamic and technique markings Klangfarbenmelodie-tone colour melody- moving parts rapidly through different instruments Hexachords-set of 6 pitches- are used throughout to create melodies and chords. Heftig- passionate Serialism After expressionism, Schoenberg created serialism. 1. Take 12 notes of the chromatic scale and put them in an order- this is your prime row. 2. Play the prime row backwards- retro grade

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Upside down- inverted 4. Backwards and upside down- retrograde inversion. To create harmony, you can arrange the note of the row vertically to make chords.Melody Melodies: use the hexachord to build up melodies Use tuplets, when rests are added to these it weakens the pulse Are highly chromatic due to all the semitones being used Use extreme ranges of the instruments Are disjunct- sometimes use octave displacement and jump around a lot.…read more

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Frequent tempo changes disrupt the sense of metre.Structure Loose rondo Form Section A: 1-18 Section B: 19-34 Section A1: 35-43 Section C:44-58 Section A2: 58-end The structure is unclearTonality This piece is A-tonal, there are no keys usedHarmony Hexachords are often used in the harmony (bar 8 in bassoons) Dissonant and highly chromatic chords are used throughout- help make it atonal No conventional chords are used.- make it more complexInstrumentation Full orchestra.…read more