CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

The mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of topical corticosteroids is unclear.
Various laboratory methods, including vasoconstrictor assays, are used to compare
and predict potencies and/or clinical efficacies of the topical corticosteroids.
There is some evidence to suggest that a recognizable correlation exists between
vasoconstrictor potency and therapeutic efficacy in man.

Pramoxine hydrochloride is a topical anesthetic agent which provides temporary
relief from itching and pain. It acts by stabilizing the neuronal membrane of
nerve endings with which it comes into contact.

Pharmacokinetics

The extent of percutaneous absorption of topical corticosteroids is determined
by many factors including the vehicle, the integrity of the epidermal barrier,
and the use of occlusive dressings.

Once absorbed through the skin, topical corticosteroids are handled through
pharmaco- kinetic pathways similar to systemically administered corticosteroids.
Corticosteroids are bound to plasma proteins in varying degrees. Corticosteroids
are metabolized primarily in the liver and are then excreted by the kidneys.
Some of the topical corticosteroids and their metabolites are also excreted
into the bile.

Last reviewed on RxList: 9/21/2011
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.