Remediation of recalcitrant compounds at sites with high concentrations of volatile organic com- pounds (VOCs) or nonaqueous-phase liquids (NAPLs) can present significant technical and financial (long-term) risk for stakeholders. Until recently, however, sustainability has not been included as a significant factor to be considered in the feasibility and risk evaluation for remediation technologies. The authors present a framework for which sustainability can be incorporated into the remediation selection criteria focusing specifically on off-gas treatment selection for soil vapor extraction (5VE) remediation technology. SVE is generally considered an old and standard approach to in situ reme- diation of soils at a contaminated site. The focus on off-gas treatment technology selection in this article allows for more in-depth analysis of the feasibility evaluation process and how sustainable practices might influence the process.

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