Gram-Schmidt process

The Gram-Schmidt process is a way of converting one set of vectors that forms a basis into another, more friendly one.

Suppose we have a set of vectors that form a basis for , and that we wish to convert these into a friendly[needs to be explained] basis. We begin by finding out which component of a vector is being unfriendly to a second vector, which we may do with inner products. If we have two vectors , then we may find the component of being unfriendly to with . By subtracting this from , we get the component friendly to . By returning to our abstract set , we may make use of this observation to construct a general algorithm to convert an arbitrary basis into a friendly basis. Like from our original set, each time we use the process on a new vector, it is guaranteed to be mutually friendly with all the previous vectors.

Define:

=

=

et cetera, with the general term:

Should we wish to make this a friendly and cute[needs to be explained] basis, we can simply make each new element of the basis cute, by replacing both with .