Corrections? Additions?

Jimmy Cooney

"I've always been a Red Sox fan, ever since I was a little kid," he told author Jack Lautier. "My family grew up in Cranston, and Fenway Park was less than an hour away by rail. I remember going to games to see Smoky Joe Wood pitch."1

Jimmy Cooney came from a baseball family. He was born on August 24, 1894 in Cranston, Rhode Island, and when the census taker came to his house in 1900, his father Jimmy gave his profession as “ball player.” Jimmy the elder was the son of Irish immigrants whose wife Emma had given birth to three boys – Henry, 7 at the time, James, 5, and Frank, 1. He had played shortstop in the National League for Chicago and for Washington in 1890 through 1892, his best season being his first one, hitting .272 with four homers and 52 RBIs for the Chicago Colts (later Cubs). His career major-league average was .242. From 1892 through 1899 he played for Providence, and in 1900 for Bristol in the Connecticut State League.

Father Jimmy never had the opportunity to see two of his sons play major-league ball. He died of pneumonia in 1903 at the age of 37. His obituary in the Pawtucket Times said he was “one of the most graceful infielders in the history of the game, and was especially skilful in the timing and handling of grounders. He was an accurate and reliable thrower. He enjoyed the distinction of being one of the first players to demonstrate the possibilities of the sacrifice hit.”2 Jimmy and Ella had a fourth boy, John, before his passing. It was Johnny Cooney who later joined his brother in the majors, and had the most successful career of them all – 20 years in the big leagues from 1921 through 1944, with a .286 career average, 15 years with the Braves and five with the Dodgers.

Ella remarried, to Eugene LeMor, whose job was listed in 1910 as “peddler, wagon.” Jimmy went to Highland Park for elementary school, but did not continue his education after the eighth grade. At age 15, he was already working as a wool sorter in a woolen mill in Cranston. His older brother Henry had a job as a file maker.

Young Jimmy first broke into the pros with Worcester in 1913. He was 18. And he was sold to the Boston Red Sox on August 4.3 He’d played semipro ball in Cranston as early as 1910, and played for the Revere semipro team in the Manufacturers League of Providence since he was 15 (in 1910), usually playing on Saturdays, and for the Newport Trojans on Sundays.4 That spring, Jesse Burkett of the Worcester Busters (New England League) needed a first baseman and heard of his work for Newport, and sent for him. Cooney was hitting .251 in his first 47 games for Worcester, playing third base, then first base, and finally settling in at shortstop. He wasn’t intended to come up to the Red Sox until the New England League season was over; as it happens, it wasn’t until September 1917 that he broke into the majors with the Red Sox. By season’s end in 1913, he’d appeared in 73 games and hit an even .300. “He does not drink liquor at all and does not smoke,” noted the Pawtucket Times.5

He signed with the Red Sox and trained at Hot Springs with Bill Carrigan’s team in the spring of 1914. He stuck with the team during its first home stand, though seeing no action. When the Red Sox went on the road after the first eight games, Carrigan cut loose four players. Cooney, seen as too young and needing more experience, was released to Worcester. He had a less successful season, hitting just .239 in 117 games for Burkett and followed that up with a nearly identical 1915, hitting .240 in 110 games. .

Jimmy’s older brother Henry (known as Harry) had a hankering for baseball, too. He played for several teams in 1914, including Portland, Fitchburg/Manchester, and hit .201 in 42 games playing alongside Jimmy for the Busters. It is the only year he is shown as having played, though there were three other unnamed Cooneys who played for New England-based teams in 1913.

Jimmy played for Worcester in 1916, too, hitting .274 in 121 games for new manager Billy Hamilton. The Providence Grays wanted Cooney in 1917, but hadn’t drafted him in the fall of 1916 so had to dicker with Worcester in April 1917. The teams worked out terms and Cooney advanced from Class B to Double A, playing for Providence in the International League. Former Phillies manager Billy Murray saw Cooney in a July game and commented, “The lad’s a fine ball player, and makes me think of his father who played for me in the old days. Young Jimmy, however, will have to improve some yet to equal his dad.”6

Going 6-for-8 in a doubleheader sweep of Buffalo on August 15 helped bump his average up. Even at the higher classification, Cooney hit .280 in 137 games for the Grays. He had been able to finish out the season because his number hadn’t come up in the military draft; he was #70 on the list in Cranston, and the cutoff turned out to be #63.7 Instead, he got called up to Boston and debuted on September 22.

The Red Sox had won back-to-back world championships in 1915 and 1916, but by September 21, 1917, they were – though in second place – 10 ½ games out of first. Jimmy played second base, and batted second in the order, on the 22nd at Fenway Park against the visiting White Sox. He reached base twice, once with a walk and once with a single, in four plate appearances. Carl Mays won his 21st game, Boston winning 4-1. He played in 11 games, with a .222 average, with one extra-base hit (a double) and seven singles. He drew six walks, for a .333 on-base percentage, and drove in three runs, scoring four times.

He enlisted in the U. S. Army to service at Fort Devens immediately after the season, and was called to active duty on January 22, 1918. He rose to the ranks of lieutenant with I Company of the 73rd Infantry, stationed at Devens (in Ayer, Massachusetts), and he was quoted as saying from the rifle range, on the day of Game Four of the 1918 World Series, “I’d like to see the Sox and Cubs playing this afternoon, but I wouldn’t give this up for the show at Fenway Park. This is far and away the bigger game.”8 Cooney went overseas, returning on April 20, 1919.9 "I was happy to get back to baseball," he said. "I missed the salary…In those days, $500 a month was big money."10

Harry Frazee thought he was set for 1919 with Everett Scott and Mike McNally, and he wanted to send Cooney to Cincinnati, but it wasn’t easy to get good players to pass waivers and get out of the American League. Cooney played with Providence again in 1919 and had his best season to date, hitting for a .305 average. The Tigers had claimed him off waivers and then sold his contract to the Grays. On August 22, 1919, the Grays sold his contract to the New York Giants.11 He appeared in five late-season games for the Giants and hit .214, with three RBIs.

Between seasons, he married Lillian May Kimball on January 7, 1920. In March, he was released to the Milwaukee Brewers (American Association) where he played the next four years.

For the Brewers, he proved a steady player, working in over 150 games a year and averaging around .290 for the four full years. In his final year, 1923, he led the American Association in fielding by shortstops and hit .308. As early as May, it was clear he was off to a great start and he was already being looked over by scouts. 12

The next year, 1924, after 17 early-season games with the Brewers, the St. Louis Cardinals traded three players for him, and he returned to the majors for a third time, debuting for Branch Rickey’s Cardinals on May 10, 1924. He arrived in time to play in 110 games and he enjoyed the best season of his career, hitting .295 with 57 RBIs.

Johnny Cooney had begun his career pitching for the Boston Braves which he did from 1921 through 1930, save for 1927. The two became teammates for a year on the 1928 Braves. Johnny never gave up a homer to brother Jimmy. Jimmy only ever hit two home runs in the majors, both in the Polo Grounds. The first was in 1924 on June 17 against Jack Bentley. The second came on August 3, 1926 against Kent Greenfield.

The two brothers first faced each other in the majors in 1924, on June 9, and Jimmy was 0-for-3 in a game Johnny won for the Braves, 4-2. The two faced each other again on July 17, when Jess Haines of the Cards no-hit the Braves. The only inning Johnny pitched was the ninth, and if one of Jimmy’s two hits was off his brother, the newspapers didn’t mention it. Jimmy singled and tripled off Johnny in the August 6 game. Jimmy dealt his brother a loss on August 16 when his single to right field drove in the second and third runs of the first inning in a game St. Louis won, 9-2. On September 20, Jimmy had one of only five St. Louis hits, as Johnny shut out the Cardinals, 1-0. Jimmy had had a slow start with the bat, but finished strong. And his .969 fielding percentage at shortstop tied Charles Hollocher for the best to that time.13

In 1925, they only faced each other twice – Jimmy only played in 54 games, hitting. 273. He was 0-for-4 against Johnny on July 9, but was 1-for-4 (a double) against him, scoring one run, on August 8 (in a game which saw Johnny get two hits and drive in two runs but still lose, 5-4, to St. Louis.) After August 13, Jimmy also played in 34 games for Syracuse and hit .402 while with the Stars.14

On December 12, President Sam Breadon of the Cardinals traded Jimmy straight up for pitcher Vic Keen of the Chicago Cubs. Breadon said that Cooney “did not come up to expectations last season and seemed dissatisfied.”15 Breadon added that St. Louis manager Rogers Hornsby though Cooney “might do better elsewhere.”

Johnny only pitched against the Cubs once in 1926, on May 21, when he pitched the final five innings. Jimmy singled off Johnny in the fifth, then came around to score the run giving the Cubs a 5-1 lead. When Jimmy came up in the seventh, Johnny hit him with a fastball to the ribs. That was the last time the two faced each other.

Jimmy had to fight for the shortstop spot in 1926, but he won the job in spring training. He played in 141 games, hitting .251 and driving in 47 runs and scoring 52. He hit the second home run of his career, at the Polo Grounds on August 3. His .972 fielding percentage set what the Boston Globe said was a new record for shortstops. 16 Perhaps his nickname “Scoops” was well earned. SABR’s Jack Kavanagh wrote that he had over-sized hands and they earned him the nickname for the way he shoveled up ground balls.17

The New Bedford Standard-Times said that he led the National League in fielding percentage three times, with three different teams – 1925 with the St. Louis Cardinals, 1926 with the Cubs, and 1927 with the Cubs and Phillies.18

Johnny suffered a “locked elbow” and had an operation; he didn’t pitch at all in 1927.19 Jimmy played for the Cubs again, but only appeared in 33 games for the Cubs, hitting .242. In one of those games he became one of the few players in the history of the game to execute an unassisted triple play.

It came in the fourth inning of the first game of the May 30 doubleheader against the Pirates at Forbes Field. Lloyd Waner singled and Clyde Barnhart drew a base on balls. The Pirates were ahead, 5-3, before the inning had begun. Lloyd’s brother Paul Waner came up to bat with a chance to help build a bigger lead. He “spun the ball on a line past [pitcher Tony] Kaufmann’s ears and it looked like a sure fire hit, but it so happened that Cooney was playing close to second. He took two steps and was standing on the sack when the singing pill plunked into his mitt. Then he ran up the line and tagged Barnhart who was charging down from first base on a hit and run signal.”20 Cooney recalled, "Barnhart didn’t know I had the ball until I tagged him out sliding into second. Joe McCarthy came running out on the field to shake my hand."21 The Cubs won the game, 7-6, in ten innings, and then lost the second game, also a ten-inning game. The unassisted triple play was only the seventh in major-league history. Almost incredibly Johnny Neun of the Tigers pulled one off the very next day, on May 31.

Jimmy Cooney was traded to the Phillies on June 7, sent with Tony Kaufmann in trade for pitcher Hal Carlson. It was thought that there might be a second stage to the transaction, with Cooney moving on perhaps to Cincinnati. But he stuck with Philadelphia and he played in 76 games, hitting an improved .270. He even fielded better in Philly, .980 in his time with them. (There was controversy over the trade because Kaufmann complained of a sore arm. The Commissioner had to rule in August, upholding the trade.)

Jimmy was traded again in 1927, part of a five-player trade which sent him back to the Cardinals on December 13.

He didn’t play with St. Louis in 1928, however. He was again the subject of two transactions in 1928. He was selected off waivers by the Boston Braves on February 3, and joined the team for spring training at St. Petersburg. Also on the team was Hornsby, his old double-play partner from his Cardinals days. The Boston Globe ran a feature on March 10 with photographs of the brothers Cooney under the headline “Brothers Both Wearing Tribal Toggery for 1928 Flag Race.”

He played in 18 early-season games, his last one being the June 16 game against the Cubs. The Braves really wanted to acquire pitcher John “Bonnie” Hollingsworth and they sent the Buffalo Bisons two players plus Cooney to get him. Cooney’s career in the big leagues had ended. His average in 1928 was .137, and he’d driven in three runs. His final major-league career totals were .262 for a batting average (.298 on-base percentage), 150 RBIs, and 181 runs scored. He had, as noted, two home runs.

With Buffalo, in the American Association once more, he hit .359 in 65 games.

His sale to the Braves had kicked off some negative commentary in the press. John B. Foster wrote, “The trading methods of some major league clubs make certain players useful principally as poker chips. Cooney has been a pawn on the chessboard of the baseball magnates. Surrounding his history there is a labyrinth of managerial maneuvering about which he has known little or nothing.” When he had come to the Cardinals in late 1927, Foster wrote, “he was traded again for trading purposes.”22

Cooney played three more years for Buffalo, playing in 155 games in 1929 and hitting .292. He hit .345 in 1930, in 79 games, during a year in which he was also the manager of the Bisons. He managed again in 1931, putting himself in the lineup in just 13 games. He hit just .175 in those 13 games. Buffalo finished in sixth place in 1930, but in last place (eighth place) in 1931.

He played second base for the New Haven Bulldogs and managed the team in 1932.

After his time in baseball, he found other work, making his way to the Cranston Print Works, where he worked for 25 years before retiring in 1960. He also said, "When I left baseball, I promoted softball. With all my relatives, we had a team with all Cooneys, 14 of us. Everywhere you looked, there was a Cooney."23 He had his memories. He'd seen much of the country, thanks to baseball, and even played in Cuba in 1924. He could recall playing against Cobb and Hornsby and Joe Jackson.

Cooney survived his wife and lived a very long life, ultimately dying of natural causes in a Warwick, Rhode Island, nursing home on August 7, 1991 at the age of 96. In 1988, he had told Jack Lautier, "I'm 94 years old and the Red Sox are still my team."24

Sources

In addition to the sources noted in this biography, the author also accessed Cooney’s player file and player questionnaire from the National Baseball Hall of Fame, the Encyclopedia of Minor League Baseball, Bill Lee’s The Baseball Necrology, Retrosheet.org, and Baseball-Reference.com.

17 Jack Kavanagh manuscript in Cooney’s Hall of Fame player file. This manuscript presents a wonderful account of the Tim Murnane benefit game at Fenway Park on September 27, 1917, which featured an array of major-league talent from Babe Ruth to Joe Jackson to Ty Cobb to Ray Chapman, and more.