Library

Lynching in America: Confronting the Legacy of Racial Terror.Equal JusticeProject.Lynching in America makes the case that lynching of African Americans was terrorism, a widely supported phenomenon used to enforce racial subordination and segregation. Lynchings were violent and public events that traumatized black people throughout the country and were largely tolerated by state and federal officials. http://www.eji.org/files/EJI%20Lynching%20in%20America%20SUMMARY.pdf

Origin of the Republican Party. Gilman, A.F. The need for a new party that would oppose slavery was felt strongly in many parts of the north during the early months of 1854. Meetings were held in Michigan, New York, and other states besides Wisconsin as the momentum built. The name was first publicly applied to this movement in a June 1854 editorial by New York editor Horace Greeley, who said it would “fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery.” The first convention of the new party was only held in Pittsburgh on February 22, 1856. http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/tp/id/46363

Poverty in America: Living Wage Calculator. Massachusetts Institute of Technology The living wage shown is the hourly rate that an individual must earn to support their family, if they are the sole provider and are working full-time (2080 hours per year). The state minimum wage is the same for all individuals, regardless of how many dependents they may have. The poverty rate is typically quoted as gross annual income. We have converted it to an hourly wage for the sake of comparison. Wages that are less than the living wage are shown in red. http://livingwage.mit.edu/

Hourly Wages

1 Adult

1 Adult, 1 Child

1 Adult, 2 Children

1 Adult, 3 Children

2 Adults

2 Adults, 1 Child

2 Adults, 2 Children

2 Adults, 3 Children

Living Wage

$9.27

$20.95

$25.65

$32.91

$14.41

$18.25

$19.65

$24.05

Poverty Wage

$5.21

$7.00

$8.80

$10.60

$7.00

$8.80

$10.60

$12.40

Minimum Wage

$7.25

$7.25

$7.25

$7.25

$7.25

$7.25

$7.25

$7.25

The Case for Reparations. The Atlantic.“Two hundred years of slavery. Ninety years of Jim Crow. Sixty years of separate but equal. Thirty-five years of racist housing policy. Until we reckon with our compounding moral debts, America will never be whole.” theatlantic.com

On Máscaras: Using Spanish to Wrestle Brown Space Into White Space. By Margaret Montoya, Professor of Law. {We} are in the third stage of…the Southern Strategy, in which we starve the beast of Big Government; that is, we destroy the safety net, social programs associated with people of color in poverty. The debate is therefore coded…Such debates are not abstractions. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nc7r5q9#page-1

1981 Interview on the Southern Strategy with Lee Atwater. “You start out in 1954 by saying, “Nigger, nigger, nigger.” By 1968 you can’t say “nigger”—that hurts you, backfires. So you say stuff like, uh, forced busing, states’ rights, and all that stuff, and you’re getting so abstract. Now, you’re talking about cutting taxes, and all these things you’re talking about are totally economic things and a byproduct of them is, blacks get hurt worse than whites.… “We want to cut this,” is much more abstract than even the busing thing, uh, and a hell of a lot more abstract than “Nigger, nigger.” http://www.thenation.com/article/170841/exclusive-lee-atwaters-infamous-1981-interview-southern-strategy#

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