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At 1996-1997, together with Internet Explorer 3.0, Microsoft released API to work with media content (for example movies). They used to call it Quartz. This was very convenience set of interfaces and thus was widely used by industry. Now we call it DirectShow. Years passed, but DirectShow remains the same. It worked and worked very good. A couple of years ago Microsoft decided that change required and start to design new COM-based multimedia framework for Windows Vista, 7 and 8. They called it Media Foundation. This framework is much more generic and extensible, but also much more intricate. Today we’ll learn how to detect codec information of video or audio file by using Media Foundation in comparison to DirectShow SDK. So let’s start

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public class VideoInfoHeader { public RECT SrcRect; public RECT TargetRect; public int BitRate; public int BitErrorRate; public long AvgTimePerFrame; public BitmapInfoHeader BmiHeader; }

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 2)] public class BitmapInfoHeader { public int Size; public int Width; public int Height; public short Planes; public short BitCount; public int Compression; public int ImageSize; public int XPelsPerMeter; public int YPelsPerMeter; public int ClrUsed; public int ClrImportant; }

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public class LONG { private long Value; } }

Looks simple? It is. However there are two problems. One is that all those interfaces defined as deprecated by Microsoft. Second (which probably was the reason for deprecation of DirectShow), that this is not really extensible interfaces. Now let’s see how it done in Media Foundation.

It it enough? Not really, because if you’re going to loose colors (by reducing color depth), it makes sense to avoid letting default WIX decoder to do this, thus you have to find nearest base colors manually. How to do this? By using simple math

You wrote your .NET program, that can be used as stand alone portable application (such as it should be for Smart Client Apps), however you have to be sure, that necessary prerequisites (such as .NET framework) are installed on client’s machine. What to do? How to detect .NET framework version installed on target machine before running .NET application. The answer is – to use unmanaged C++ bootstrapper, that invoke your application if correct version of framework is installed.

Until now there are 15 possible .NET frameworks can be installed on client’s machine. Here the table of possible and official supported versions, as appears in Q318785

.NET version

Actual version

3.5 SP1

3.5.30729.1

3.5

3.5.21022.8

3.0 SP2

3.0.4506.2152

3.0 SP1

3.0.4506.648

3.0

3.0.4506.30

2.0 SP2

2.0.50727.3053

2.0 SP1

2.0.50727.1433

2.0

2.0.50727.42

1.1 SP1

1.1.4322.2032

1.1 SP1 (in 32 bit version of Windows 2003)

1.1.4322.2300

1.1

1.1.4322.573

1.0 SP3

1.0.3705.6018

1.0 SP2

1.0.3705.288

1.0 SP1

1.0.3705.209

1.0

1.0.3705.0

All of those versions are detectible by queering specific registry keys. However, in some cases, you need to load mscoree.dll and call “GETCOREVERSION” API to determine whether specific version of .NET is installed. You can read more about it in MSDN.

So it’s really simple to write small C++ application (or PowerShell applet), that queries registry and invoke your managed application. How to do this? You can either read about it in outstanding blog of Aaron Stebner, who is Project Manager in XNA platform deployment team or attend my session next week to learn do it yourself. We’ll speak about nifty ways to do it also.

Anyway, by now, you can use small stand alone program, I wrote a while ago, that will tell you all versions of .NET frameworks installed in target machine without any prerequisites. It can be run even from shared network location

Recently we spoke about reading radio data in C#, however as in any vehicle we have also CD players. So what can be better, than to have an ability to play CDs while being notified about track name, gathered from CD-Text?

So, let’s start. First of all, I want to express my pain with MSDN documentation about CD-ROM structure. Documentation team, please, please, please update it. First of all it is no accurate, then there are a ton of things missing. However, “À la guerre comme à la guerre”, thus I invested three days in deep DDK research.

Before we can do anything with CD-ROM, we have to find it. I took the same approach as I used for HID devices. Let’s create a device

When thing are generic it’s good, however this one is, probably, most generic method in Win32 API. You can do anything with this method and you never know what to expect in lpOutBuffer

However, as I told earlier, I invested three days in investigations and researches (tnx to DDK documentation team) and now things become to be clearer. We need to get CDROM_TOC. It done by invoking IOCTL_CDROM_READ_TOC call

Fuf, done. The code is rather self explaining, we just “tell” marshaler, that we have byte array, while calculating pointers to pinned object to get actual value and marshal it back. So, now we have TOC. So, we know how many tracks we have and addresses to data chunks inside the CD.

But it now enough to understand where our tracks. CD-ROM structure is very tricky. There we have blocks or sectors (which is the smallest chunks of data), so we have to convert bytes into sector addresses. Each block is 2352 bytes in RAW mode, while address value inside TRACK_DATA points us to layout address with is sync, sector id, error detection etc… So, in order to convert TRACK object into actual track number on disk, we have to stick to following method

public static int SectorAddress(this TRACK_DATA data) {

var addr = BitConverter.GetBytes(data.Address);

return (addr[1] * 60 * 75 + addr[2] * 75 + addr[3]) – 150;

}

Now, when we know numbers of tracks, we also know start and end sector, disk type and other useful information we are ready to twist it a bit and read CD-Text (if there are and your CD reader supports it).

So, coming back to our favorite method DeviceIoControl, but this time with IOCTL_CDROM_READ_TOC_EX control.

Can’t you see a small problem here? Yes, we do not know the actual/maximum size of CDROM_TOC_CD_TEXT_DATA_BLOCK array. Until, I’ll find a nice way to marshal smart pointers, we’ll stick to MAX_TRACKS (100) * MIN_DATA_BLOCK (2).

We almost finished and the worst things are behind us. Now you should enumerate thru CDROM_TOC_CD_TEXT_DATA_BLOCK and look for Text, TrackNumber and SequenceNumber (which is continuation of text reported). For example, slot for ALBUM_NAME “Satisfaction” will looks as following