7
Review of Concepts The diagrams here show three compounds AB 2 (a), AC 2 (b), and AD 2 (c) dissolved in water. Which is the strongest electrolyte and which is the weakest? (For simplicity, water molecules are not shown.)

18
Review of Concepts Which of the following diagrams best represents a weak acid? Very weak acid? Strong acid? The proton exists in water as the hydronium ion. All acids are monoprotic. (For simplicity, water molecules are not shown.)

21
Double Replacement Rxns Review Driving ForceHow do you recognize it? Precipitate You must memorize the solubility rules. Any compound formed from two ions can be recognized as soluble (written as separate ions) or as a precipitate (written as a molecule). Gas formed You must memorize the combinations that decompose into gases (there are 4). You must also memorize the gases that form. For example, when you H 2 SO 3 as a product, you must know it decomposes into H 2 O and SO 2 gas. Weak electrolyte You must memorize the short list of strong acids and strong bases so you will recognize all the weak acids and bases that dissolve, but do not dissociate into ions. The weak base ammonia, NH 3, is in this category. It exits in water as NH 3 (aq) and only slightly forms the ions NH OH −

38
Example A g sample of an ionic compound containing chloride ions and an unknown metal is dissolved in water and treated with and excess of AgNO3. if g of AgCl precipitate forms, what is the percent by mass of Cl in the original compound?

39
Acid-base titrations

40
Example How many mL of a 0.610M NaOH solution are needed to neutralize 20.0 mL of a 0.245M H 2 SO 4 solution?