First remember to plane the head and make sure it's flat, ect. A couple thousandths is a huge deal in terms of keeping the head gasket properly compressed. I'm sure you'll do it right, you seem to prefer it that way.

I believe the signals vary. Many will produce a DC output, something that is simply a ping, no ping indicator. I believe this is more commonly found on the low end vehicles and older vehicles. Some vehicles will route the audio path(s) back to the ECU for processing, some others will have a dedicated processor at the device w/ digital signal(s) that go back to the EMS.

Frequencies vary based on the engines physical design, I seem to recall it's around 6 kHz ish +/- ?. Also the Pin should be placed relative to the spark. Listening for both can usually displace other noises like bearings injector knock, ect. You could find the resonant frequencies by connecting the audio path to your computer and recording it when it pings.

I seem to recall a thread there somewhere that had good reading about it. Do you have a knock sensor in mind that you might want to start using / prototyping with?

If you have a line level in on your car audio, just hook it to that. If not, you just need a normal audio preamp to drive some headphones. Otherwise, you can do it without the sensor by creating a paper cup and string type arrangement. You do that by flattening one end of a piece of metal tube, plugging the other end and fitting 1 or 2 tubes to it that feed back to the cabin where they are plumbed to each side of a pair of ear muffs/ear defenders modified to have a path from the tube to your ear. The nice aspect of that method is that they are designed to block out noise, so you get a fairly pure engine sound that should be dead obvious to pick knock from.

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