2 Introduction Some students find the transition from GCSE to A-level Chemistry very challenging. To help make this transition smoother and to give you the best possible start, we have prepared this booklet for you. It is important that you read through this booklet and then complete all the questions. If you require more space then you can use lined paper. These must be organized in a folder. The tasks cover GCSE topics which you should have already covered with one extension task for Double award students.. You will need a secure knowledge of these topics before you start the course in September. At the beginning of the course you will be given a test to check how well you have understood the topics To help you complete this booklet the following resources may be useful: Any GCSE Additional Science/ Chemistry revision guide Your own old GCSE Science/ Chemistry exercise books Head Start to AS Chemistry Published by CGP (copies of this are available in school)

3 Task1: The structure of atoms 1 Complete the spaces to create a set of notes about the structure of atoms. Atoms consist of a central containing protons and. The nucleus is compared to the size of the whole atom. The nucleus is surrounded by in energy levels (also called ). Atoms have no electric charge because they contain the same number of protons and Subatomic pproton rticl Neutron Electron Relative mass Relative charge Atomic number = number of. Mass number = number of + number of. mass number 19 Symbol atomic number 9 protons = neutrons = electrons = F Atoms of the same element have the same number of. It is the number of that determines what type of atom it is (e.g. all atoms with six protons are carbon atoms). Atoms of different elements have different numbers of. Isotopes are atoms of the same element. They contain the same number of but a different number of. 2 Complete the table about some atoms. Atom 23 Na 11 Atomi c nu b Mass number Number of protons Number of n utrons Number of l ctron Li 3 7 Ar K Al Cl 17 18

7 Task 5: Writing symbol equations from words Write symbol equations for the following reactions taking place. You will first need to convert the names of the materials into formulae and then balance the equation.. Zinc metal reacts with copper sulfate solution to produce solid copper metal and zinc sulphate solution. Solid calcium hydroxide reacts with solid ammonium chloride on heating to produce solid calcium chloride, steam and ammonia gas. When octane (C8H18) vapour is burned with excess air in a car engine carbon dioxide and water vapour are produced.

10 Task 7: %Yields 1 Write the equation for the thermal decomposition of limestone a Calculate the maximum theoretical mass of quicklime that can be made by heating 50 g of limestone (relative atomic masses: C = 12, O = 16, Ca = 40). b In the reaction, only 26 g of quicklime was produced. Calculate the percentage yield. 2 Hydrazine (N 2 H4) was used as the rocket fuel for the Apollo missions to the moon. It is made by the reaction of ammonia (NH3) with sodium chlorate (NaOCl) (relative atomic masses: ammonia + sodium chlorate hydrazine + sodium chloride + water 2 NH3 + NaOCl N 2 H4 + NaCl + H 2 O a Calculate the maximum theoretical mass of hydrazine that can be made by reacting 340 g of ammonia with an excess of sodium chlorate. b In the reaction, only 280 g of hydrazine was produced. Calculate the percentage yield.

12 Task 9: Different types of structures At GCSE you have covered different examples of bonding and should know how to link the bonding type to their physical properties e.g. melting point, boiling point and conduction of electricity. Using your GCSE notes and any additional resources make a summary chart for each type of bonding using the following headings: Type of bonding Example Melting point High/Low Boiling point High/Low Conduction of electricity Just to remind you the main groups of compounds are; Simple molecular substances Giant covalent structures Metallic structures Ionic compounds

C2.6 Quantitative Chemistry Foundation 1. Relative masses Use the periodic table to find the relative masses of the elements below. (Hint: The top number in each element box) Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen

Stoichiometry Introduction Rx between Hydrogen and Oxygen can be described as: Balanced equation: Or Or Avogadros Number: (number of Molecules) Or Moles (amount of a substance containing avogadros number

Farr High School NATIONAL 5 CHEMISTRY Unit 1 Chemical Changes and Structure Question Booklet 1 Rates of Reaction 1. Explain how the following would affect the rate of the reaction between 1.0 g of magnesium

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Identify the reaction type, predict the products, and balance the equations. If it is a special decomposition or synthesis, identify which kind. 1. calcium + oxygen 2. cupric carbonate 3. aluminum + hydrochloric

Name Hour January Exam Practice A This exam will be given over 2 days. Part 1: Objectives 1-13 Part 2: Objectives 14-24 This practice exam will be graded in the exam portion of the grade book. Objectives

. Unit 9 Chemical Equations and Reactions What is a Chemical Equation? A is a written representation of the process that occurs in a chemical reaction. A chemical equation is written with the (starting

TOPIC: Chemical Bonds H O bond H a water molecule In elements and compounds, the atoms are held together by chemical bonds. Forming a bond makes an atom more stable, so atoms form as many bonds are they

Year 10 Science Chemistry Examination November 2011 Part A Multiple Choice Answer these questions on the multiple choice answer sheet provided 2 Isotopes have been found as variations of atoms. Which of

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1 of 43 Boardworks Ltd 2009 Types of bonding: OVERVIEW 2 of 43 Boardworks Ltd 2009 There are three types of bond that can occur between atoms: an ionic bond occurs between a metal and non-metal atom (e.g.

AP Chemistry - Ms. Ganz Welcome to AP Chemistry AP is a college level course. The course is designed to be equivalent to the inorganic chemistry course usually taken during the first year of college. This

C2 Essential Questions Atomic Structure Q1.This question is about atomic structure and elements. (a) Complete the sentences. (i) The atomic number of an atom is the number of... (ii) The mass number of

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Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table AQA Chemistry topic 1 1.1 Atoms, elements and compounds The structure of the atom Everything in the universe is basically made up of atoms. An atom is the smallest

Quantitative Chemistry When we do experiments to measure something in Chemistry, we: Repeat experiments (usually 3 times) to improve the reliability of the results, by calculating an average of our results.

Chemical Bonds In elements and compounds, the atoms are held together by chemical bonds. Forming a bond makes an atom more stable, so atoms form as many bonds are they are able to. Bonds are made using

1. (a) By referring to electrons, explain the meaning of the term oxidising agent.... For the element X in the ionic compound MX, explain the meaning of the term oxidation state.... (c) Complete the table

Activity Objective To understand, that there is a change in mass when a chemical change takes place. (To understand law of conservation of mass experimentally). Procedure. Take one of the following sets,

Unit 1 Physical Science: Chemical Reactions The physical sciences are concerned with the study of inanimate natural objects. Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, how and why substances combine

A1 Models of the atom 1. Describe the improvements to our understanding of the atom from each of the following scientists: 1.1. Democritus 1.2. Dalton 1.3. Thomson 1.4. Rutherford 1.5. Bohr 1.6. Chadwick

Focus on National 5 Unit 1 - Chemical Changes and Structure Name Class Nuclide Notation mass number b atomic number b ax Symbol Number of protons = Number of electrons = Number of neutrons = atomic number

1 Chemists have developed models for bonding and structure which are used to explain different properties. (a) Ammonia, NH 3, is a covalent compound. Explain what is meant by a covalent bond. Draw a dot-and-cross

Name: Period: Score: Everything About Formulas Compounds have unique names that identify them for us when we study chemical properties and changes. Chemists have devised a shorthand way of representing

CHAPTER 9 Chemical Reactions 9.1 Reactions and Equations The process by which atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances is called a chemical reaction. There are a number

1 NCERT Solutions for Atoms and Molecules Question 1. In a reaction, 5.3 g of sodium carbonate reacted with 6 g of ethanoic acid. The products were 2.2 g of carbon dioxide, 0.9 g water and 8.2 g of sodium

Farr High School NATIONAL 5 CHEMISTRY Unit 1 Chemical Changes and Structure ANSWERS Question Booklet (UPDATED MAY 2017) 1 Rates of Reaction 1. Explain how the following would affect the rate of the reaction

Transition Pack for A Level Chemistry A guide to help you get ready for A-level Chemistry. You will be tested on this material in the week beginning 12 th September 2016 1 This booklet contains background

Name: Skill Sheet 29.2 Dot Diagrams You have learned that atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, electrons. The electrons occupy energy levels that surround the nucleus in the form of an electron cloud.

Q1 This question is about the structure of atoms (a) Choose words from the list to complete the sentences below electrons ions neutrons protons In an atom, the particles with a negative charge are called

Chemistry HS End of Course Student Name and Date Baltimore City Public Schools Assessments End of Course High School Chemistry 1 Which of the following statements is 3 Which electron dot diagram NOT TRUE?

INTRO TO THE MOLE -PART 1 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The law of definite proportions states that Specific substances

SNC1P - Chemistry Test Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is an example of a physical property? a. solubility

Chapter 6 Inorganic and Organic Compounds: Names and Formulas 6.1 Octet Rule and Ions 1 Octet Rule An octet is 8 valence electrons is associated with the stability of the noble gases does not occur with

4. Stoichiometry Formulae of simple compounds Formulae of simple compounds can be deduced from their ions but there are some that you should know off by heart. You must learn the following formulae: Carbon

3.1.3.4 States of matter 261 minutes 257 marks Page 1 of 30 Q1. (a) Describe the bonding in a metal. Explain why magnesium has a higher melting point than sodium. (4) (b) Why do diamond and graphite both

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Chemical Formulas A chemical formula gives the numbers and types of atoms that are found in a substance. When the substance is a discrete molecule, then the chemical formula is also its molecular formula.

Student Instructions 1. Ensure that you have blank paper and a Data Booket.. 2. Record all aswers on a separate piece of paper. 3. Answer keys are provided at the beginning of each section. 4. When you

TOPIC 4: THE MOLE CONCEPTS INTRODUCTION The mass is gram (g) of 1 mole of substances is called its.. 1 mole of substances has.. particles of a substances The mass of 1 mole of substances is always equal

0.3.notebook A chemical property is a behaviour that occurs when substances change to create a new substance. When a new substance is created, a chemical change has occurred. New colour Evidence of chemical

General Stoichiometry Notes STOICHIOMETRY: tells relative amts of reactants & products in a chemical reaction Given an amount of a substance involved in a chemical reaction, we can figure out the amount

Chemistry Name Hour Chemistry Approximate Timeline Students are expected to keep up with class work when absent. CHAPTER 9 CHEMICAL QUANTITIES Day Plans for the day Assignment(s) for the day 1 Begin Chapter

17 CHEMICAL EQUATIONS WHAT BALANCING AN EQUATION MEANS WHAT IS A CHEMICAL EQUATION? A chemical equation is a way of representing a chemical reaction in symbolic form. For example, when hydrochloric acid

3.1.1.4 Electonic configuration 206 minutes 202 marks Page 1 of 25 Q1. (a) State the meaning of the term electronegativity. (b) State and explain the trend in electronegativity values across Period 3 from

Unit 9: The Mole- Funsheets Part A: Molar Mass Write the formula AND determine the molar mass for each of the following. Be sure to include units and round you answer to 2 decimal places. 1) calcium carbonate

Chemical Bonding Comparison of Properties Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds Metals Essential Questions Why/How do atoms combine with one another to form the vast array of chemical substances that exist?

Chemistry of Reactions: Redox (#) Candidates should be able to: a) define oxidation and reduction (redox) in terms of oxygen/hydrogen gain/loss b) define redox in terms of electron transfer and changes

Bonding A chemical bond is a force that holds two or more atoms together. Compound two or more elements chemically combined by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons. Molecule a particle made of 2 or more

General Stoichiometry Notes STOICHIOMETRY: tells relative amts of reactants & products in a chemical reaction Given an amount of a substance involved in a chemical reaction, we can figure out the amount

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Name: Period: Date: Hybrid Chemistry Regents Prep Ms. Hart/Mr. Kuhnau UNIT 2: Bonding Lesson 2.1: Ions and Ionic Bonding By the end of today, you will have an answer to: How do metals and non- metals bond