Category: Khilafat Movement

Khilafat movement, force that arose in India in the early 20th century as a result of Muslim fears for the integrity of Islam. These fears were aroused by Italian (1911) and Balkan (1912–13) attacks on Turkey—whose sultan, as caliph, was the religious head of the worldwide Muslim community—and by Turkish defeats in World War I. They were intensified by theTreaty of Sèvres (August 1920), which not only detached all non-Turkish regions from the empire but also gave parts of the Turkish homeland to Greece and other non-Muslim powers.

A campaign in defense of the caliph was launched, led in India by the brothers Shaukat and Muḥammad ʿAlī and by Abul Kalam Azad. The leaders joined forces with Mahatma Gandhi’s non cooperation movement for Indian freedom, promising nonviolence in return for his support of the Khilafat movement.

For some time, the Khilafat leaders limited their actions to meetings, petitions, deputations in favour of the Khilafat. Later, however, a militant trend emerged, demanding an active agitation such as stopping all cooperation with the British.

Thus, at the All India Khilafat Conference held in Delhi in November 1919, a call was made for boycott of British goods. The Khilafat leaders also clearly spelt out that unless peace terms after the War were favourable to Turkey they would stop all cooperation with the Government. Gandhi, who was the president of the All India Khilafat Committee, saw in the issue a platform from which mass and united non- cooperation could be declared against the Government.

Khilafat movement was started against the

A) British government

B) Hindus

C) Muslims

D) Christians

Answer : British government

2. Who among the following were the main leaders of Khilafat Movement?

[A] Syed Ahmad Khan and Agha khan

[B] Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali

[C] Muhammad Iqbal and Salimullah Khan

[D] Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Sikandar Hayat Khan

Answer : Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali

3. Ali brothers are related to which of the following ?

(A) Khilafat Movement

(B) Quit India Movement

(C) Indian National Congress

(D) Fascism

Answer : (A) -Khilafat Movement

4. At which place was the All India Khilafat Conference held in 1919 ?

(A) Lucknow

(B) Delhi

(C) Aligarh

(D) Porbandar

Answer: (B) -Delhi

5. Which among the following events was a major setback to Khilafat Movement?