..Because filter fouling can reduce the efficacy of solute clearance, the actual delivered dose may be substantially lower than the observed effluent rate...

Renal recovery following acute kidney injury

Etienne MacedoDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USACurr Opin Crit Care 14:660-5. 2008

..This review focuses on the epidemiology of renal recovery after AKI and provides a framework for determining the relationship of a lack of renal recovery and subsequent outcomes including the development of chronic kidney disease...

..Additionally, we assessed various definitions of oliguria to determine whether measurement of urine output using a fixed 6-h interval that matches nurses' shifts would be equivalent to the current standard for AKI diagnosis and staging...

Prerenal failure: from old concepts to new paradigms

Etienne MacedoDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USACurr Opin Crit Care 15:467-73. 2009

..The lack of a widely accepted definition for prerenal failure makes it impossible to determine the epidemiology, natural history, and association with adverse outcomes...