The Environmentally Sustainable Energy Conversion Systems group have appropriate technical skills and equipment for relevant research applications regarding:

Analysis and development of sub-system for ICE aimed at containing CO2 emission, analysis of combustion in optical engines, analysis of the behavior of ICE with non conventional fuels, analysis and optimization of components for the vehicle's intake and exhaust systems.

Analysis and development of application for diagnosis and control of ICE with artificial intelligence techniques, development of innovative applications for Scroll Machines, fluid dynamic analysis and optimization of industrial facility's components.

Development of numeric models of jets from injectors, analysis of water-urea injection systems for SCR facilities, analysis of spray injection GDI and Diesel systems, analysis of hydraulic performances of common-rail systems.

Analysis of use of synthesis gas in engines, turbine and fuel cells, energetic system diagnosis, analysis of dynamic behavior of fuel cells systems, sorption enhanced steam reforming, solid state CO2 absorption, analysis of performances of micro-generation systems with high temperature fuel cells, innovative use of high temperature fuel cells as electrolyzers.

The third law of thermodynamics states that the Universe’s entropy is constantly increasing. The Entropy is a scientific and extremely complex concept which, translated in simpler terms, represents the level of “Disorder” of a given system. It is impossible to reduce the Universe’s Entropy but it is possible to reduce the contribution that human beings give to entropy’s increase.

In the solid waste sector, the Disorder (Entropy), with which the waste is returned/given, represents one of the main problems that hinders the possibility of increasing the level of recyclable materials. The mix of different materials makes it difficult to recycle them.

To increase order, that is to reduce Disorder and so the Entropy‘s level with which the waste is returned/given, means that it would be possible to increase the level of recyclable materials. It is possible to pursue efficient actions of recycling through waste fluxes divided by category, product group, materials’ homogeneity.

To enhance the level of order in waste management, and so to reduce Entropy, two main pilot activities will be carried out:

Originally selection (TSA-DI). Moving from the idea of “At-source Separated” collection to the idea of “At-source Selected” collection.

Background – The shape of fuel injection ramps affects spray penetration and mixing process, especially with short multiple injection strategies [1] as generally used in direct ingection engines. It has been shown that after an injection pulse fuel dribbles can be produced, and a significant amount of ambient gas is also ingested in the nozzle sac depending on factors like ambient back pressure, hole sizes, etc. [2,3]. The start of a new injection event is consequently affected by the presence of residual gas in the sac. During the first 100 µs after Start-of-Injection (aSOI) liquid penetration is shorter and evaporation rate is altered [1]. This work reports investigations on diesel spray transients, accounting for internal nozzle flow and needle motion, carried out at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) [8]. LES of end-of-injection and start-of-injection processes have been carried out on a single hole injector, trying to link the phenomena and provide insights in to the physics.