This study will examine the effect of ezetimibe on glucose metabolism in participants with Type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.The primary hypothesis is that change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline in the ezetimibe treatment group will be non-inferior to the placebo control group.

HbA1c is blood marker used to report average blood glucose levels over a prolonged period of time and is reported as a percentage (%). HbA1C was measured at baseline and after 24 weeks of study drug administration.

Glycoalbumin is a blood marker used to assess blood glucose control over time and is reported as a percentage (%). Serum glycoalbumin levels were assessed at baseline and after 24 weeks of study drug administration.

The Investigator took into account a participant's index of blood glucose control, diabetes medications, and compliance to diet and exercise therapy to assess overall control of the participant's diabetes and to determine if the participant's diabetes worsened. Participants who experienced the AE "Exacerbation of Diabetes " (verbatim term) were recorded.

Percentage of Participants With Changes in Diabetes Medications Due to Worsening of Diabetes [ Time Frame: Up to 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]

The percentage of participants who had changes to their medications used to treat their diabetes, other than small changes in insulin dosing (± 5 Units), were reported and summarized.

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Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01611883