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Abstract

We present laser emission of a compact surface-emitting micro laser, optical pumped and operating at 1.5 µm at room temperature. A two-dimensional photonic crystal lattice conformed in a hybrid triangular-graphite configuration is designed for vertical emission. The structures have been fabricated in an InP slab, including four InAsP quantum wells as active layer, on the top of a Si substrate SiO2 wafer bonded. Laser emission with thresholds around 70 µW and quality factors (Qs) up to 12000 have been measured. The Bloch mode selected for the emission keeps a high Q (≥2×105) around the Γ point for a wide range of in-plane values k‖≤0.1(2π/a) which is related to peculiar properties of the hybrid lattice.

Figures (5)

a) Schematic representation of the hybrid triangular-graphite lattice and the high symmetry directions in the k space. b) Calculated quality factor of the third band and photonic band structure (only even modes σ̂xy=+1 are plotted). Upper green line represents the light line with the average cladding dielectric constant. Bottom green line represents the InP light line. The red bar denotes the region with k‖<0.1(2π/a) around the Γ point, where the Γ3 band (indicated by a red arrow) is flat. c) Normalized E-field intensity profile at the Γ3 point. The parameters of the gme simulation are: a=780 nm, Rt/a=0.12, Rg/a=0.17, ε=10.1, t/a=0.304.

Photonic band structures (only even modes σ̂xy=+1 are plotted) of the triangular lattice calculated with the same filling factor that the hybrid lattice of Fig. 1 (b). The parameters of the gme simulation are: a=780 nm, Rt/a=0.155, Rg/a=0.155, ε=10.1, t/a=0.304. Blue line: calculated with the Bravais lattice of the hybrid triangular-graphite. Red dots: calculated with its natural Bravais lattice (a→a/√3). Green lines are the light lines of the average cladding and core materials.

Top graphs shown spectra measured above the threshold for two structures: a) Spectrum of the A structure. b) Spectrum of the B structure. Bottom graphs shows the spectra measured well below the threshold for A, B structures. c) Spectra of the structure (A) with a=760 nm at excitation effective power range from 36 to 108 µW. d) Spectra of the structure (B) a=780 nm at excitation effective power range from 36 to 68 µW.