I'm pretty sure there are no conditionals in the law. The constitution doesn't say much about taxation, as the founders didn't really like that topic.
On a serious note, the government is taxing you without your permission anyways.

Of course a right is contingent on you being able to afford it - but you should only have to be able to afford to exercise the right in its inherent definition, not including any burden the government might decided to place on you. A good example of prohibition by taxation is 1934 NFA (a $200 tax on $2 guns - according to you, perfectly OK).

To address your other points, felons have been denied some rights by due process (legal), children and the insane have been deemed not fully responsible for their actions and thus do not have all associated rights.

If you'd read the Federalist papers to see what the founders thought the 2nd amendment should represent, you would understand that it meant that the individual should be able to possess the same arms that any individual in the military could have - the rationale being that individuals would always greatly outnumber a standing army. Thus the only thing on your list that would be inappropriate would be the nuke (and in case you didn't know, fully automatic weapons aren't illegal under federal law).

That's it. That's all you need the government to do relating to work. Why else you would need to do anything? If you aren't earning enough, you go on strike or you quit. A business can't run with no employees, so eventually an equilibrium price for your labor is found.