Tracer-A series is based on common positive design and advanced MPPT control algorithm, with LCD displaying running status, this product is artistic, economical and practical.

With MPPT control algorithm, in any situation, products of this series can fast and accurately track out the best maximum power point (MPP) of photovoltaic array, in order to obtain the maximum solar energy in time, which remarkably improves energy efficiency. There is dual display function: local LCD panel or remote meter (needs extra MT50). With Modbus communication protocol interface, it is convenient for customers to expand applications and monitor in various fields like telecommunication base station, household system, street lighting system, wilderness monitoring system, etc.

Due to the nonlinear characteristics of solar array, there is a maximum energy output point (Max Power Point) on its curve. Traditional controllers, with switch charging technology and PWM charging technology, can’t charge the battery at the maximum power point, so can’t harvest the maximum energy available from PV array, but the solar charge controller with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Technology can lock on the point to harvest the maximum energy and deliver it to the battery.

The MPPT algorithm of our company continuously compares and adjusts the operating points to attempt to locate the maximum power point of the array. The tracking process is fully automatic and does not need user adjustment.

As the Figure 1-2, the curve is also the characteristic curve of the array; the MPPT technology will ‘boost’ the battery charge current through tracking the MPP. Assuming 100% conversion efficiency of the solar system, in that way, the following formula is established:

Normally, the VMp is always higher than VBat, Due to the principle of conservation of energy, the IBat is always higher than IPV. The greater the discrepancy between VMp &VBat, the greater the discrepancy between IPV& IBat. The greater the discrepancy between array and battery, the bigger reduction of the conversion efficiency of the system, thus the controller’s conversion efficiency is particularly important in the PV system.

Figure 1-2 is the maximum power point curve, the shaded area is charging range of traditional solar charge controller (PWM Charging Mode), it can obviously diagnose that the MPPT mode can improve the usage of the solar energy resource. According to our test, the MPPT controller can raise 20%-30% efficiency compared to the PWM controller. (Value may be fluctuant due to the influence of the ambient circumstance and energy loss.)

Figure 1-2 Maximum Power Point Curve

In actual application, as shading from cloud, tree and snow, the panel maybe appear Multi-MPP, but in actually there is only one real Maximum Power Point. As the below Figure 1-3 shows:

Figure 1-3 Multi-MPPT Curves

If the program works improperly after appearing Multi-MPPT, the system will not work on the real max power point, which may waste most solar energy resources and seriously affect the normal operation of the system. The typical MPPT algorithm, designed by our company, can track the real MPP quickly and accurately, improve the utilization rate of the array and avoid the waste of resources.

In this stage, the battery voltage has not yet reached constant voltage (Equalize or Boost Voltage), the controller operates in constant current mode, delivering its maximum current to the batteries (MPPT Charging).

B) Constant Charging

When the battery voltage reaches the constant voltage setpoint, the controller will start to operate in constant charging mode, this process is no longer MPPT charging, and in the meantime the charging current will drop gradually, the process is not the MPPT charging. The Constant Charging has 2 stages, equalize and boost. These two stages are not carried out constantly in a full charge process to avoid too much gas precipitation or overheating of battery.

Boost Charging

The Boost stage maintain 2 hours in default, user can adjust the constant time and preset value of boost voltage according to demand.

The stage is used to prevent heating and excessive battery gassing.

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