Nearly all test, measurement, and control applications can be divided into 3 main components the ability to acquire, analyze, and present data. LabVIEW is the easiest, most powerful tool for acquiring, analyzing, and presenting real-world data. 9Acquire with LabVIEW

LabVIEW can acquire data using the following devices and more

GPIB, Serial, Ethernet, VXI, PXI Instruments

Data Acquisition (DAQ)

PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation (PXI)

Image Acquisition (IMAQ)

Motion Control

Real-Time (RT) PXI

PLC (through OPC Server)

PDA

Modular Instruments

LabVIEW is tightly integrated with all NI hardware, in addition to connecting to thousands of I/O devices from hundreds of different vendors.

Presentation with LabVIEW can be done on your PC or over a network, or you can take advantage of additional applications such as DIAdem. 12Course MapIntroduction to LabVIEWClustersData Acquisition WaveformsPlotting DataModular ProgrammingInstrument ControlDecision Making in a VIRepetition LoopsVI CustomizationStrings and File I/OArrays 13Course GoalsThis course prepares you to

Understand front panels, block diagrams, and connectors/icons

Use the programming structures and data types that exist in LabVIEW

Use various editing and debugging techniques

Create and save your own VIs so you can use them as subVIs

Display and log your data

Create applications that use plug-in data acquisition (DAQ) boards

Create applications that use GPIB and serial port instruments

14Course Non-GoalsIt is not the purpose of this course to discuss the following

Every built-in LabVIEW object, function, or library VI

Analog-to-digital (A/D) theory

The detailed operation of the serial port or GPIB bus

How to develop an instrument driver

15Lesson 1Introduction to LabVIEW

TOPICS

LabVIEW Environment

Front Panel

Block Diagram

Dataflow Programming

LabVIEW Help and Manuals

Debugging a VI

16Virtual Instruments (VIs)

Front Panel

Controls Inputs

Indicators Outputs

Block Diagram

Accompanying program for front panel

Components wired together

17LabVIEW Dialog Box 18Creating a new VI

FileNew VI to open a blank VI

FileNew to open the New dialog box and configure a VI template, global variable, control, etc

Block diagram executes dependent on the flow of data block diagram does NOT execute left to right

Node executes when data is available to ALL input terminals

Nodes supply data to all output terminals when done

40Context Help

To display the Context Help window, select HelpShow Context Help, press the ltCtrl-Hgt keys, or press the Show Context Help Window button in the toolbar

Move cursor over objectto display help

ConnectionsRequired boldRecommended normalOptional - dimmed

Simple/Detailed Context Help Lock Help More Help 41LabVIEW Help

Click the More Help button in the Context Help window

Select HelpVI, Function, How-To Help

Click the sentence Click here for more help in the Context Help window.

Contains detailed descriptions of most palettes, menus, tools, VIs, and functions, step-by-step instructions for using LabVIEW features, links to the LabVIEW Tutorial, PDF versions of all the LabVIEW manuals and Application Notes, and technical support resources.

42NI Example Finder

To find an example, select HelpFind Examples

Web-integrated

Search by keyword, example type, hardware type, etc.

43Debugging TechniquesFinding Errors Click on broken Run button. A window showing the error appears Execution Highlighting Click on Execution Highlighting button data flow is animated using bubbles. Values are displayed on wires. 44Debugging TechniquesProbe Right-click on wire and select probe and it shows data as it flows through the wire segment Breakpoints Right-click on wire and select Set Breakpoint pause execution at the breakpoint. Conditional Probe Combination of a breakpoint and a probe. Right-click on wire and select custom probe. 45Debugging TechniquesStep Into, Over, and Out buttons for Single SteppingClick on Step Into button to enable single stepping Once Single Stepping has begun, the button steps into nodes Click on Step Over button to enable single stepping or to step over nodes Click on Step Out button to step out of nodes 46Summary

Virtual instruments (VIs) have three main parts the front panel, the block diagram, and the icon and connector pane

The front panel is the user interface of a LabVIEW program and the block diagram is the executable code

Use Express VIs, standard VIs and functions on the block diagram to create your measurement code. For the most common requirements, use Express VIs with interactive configuration dialogs to define your application.

If the number of bits is the same, LabVIEW chooses unsigned over signed.

To choose the representation, right-click on the terminal and select Representation.

When LabVIEW converts floating-point numerics to integers, it rounds to the nearest integer. LabVIEW rounds x.5 to the nearest even integer. For example, LabVIEW rounds 2.5 to 2 and 3.5 to 4.

73Accessing Previous Loop Data Shift Register Available at left or right border of loop structures Right-click the border and select Add Shift Register Right terminal stores data on completion of iteration Left terminal provides stored data at beginning of next iteration 74Additional Shift Register ElementsRight-click the left terminal to add new elementsPrevious values are available at the left terminalsRight-click the border for a new shift registerLatest value is passed to right terminal1 loop ago 2 loops ago 3 loops ago 75Feedback Nodes

Appears automatically in a For Loop or While Loop if you wire the output of a subVI, function, or group of subVIs and functions to the input of that same VI, function, or group.

Stores data when the loop completes an iteration, sends that value to the next iteration of the loop, and transfers any data type

Arrays group data elements of the same type. You can build arrays of numeric, Boolean, path, string, waveform, and cluster data types.

The array index is zero-based, which means it is in the range 0 to n 1, where n is the number of elements in the array.

To create an array control or indicator, select an Array on the ControlsArray Cluster palette, place it on the front panel, and drag a control or indicator into the array shell.

If you wire an array to a For Loop or While Loop input tunnel, you can read and process every element in that array by enabling auto-indexing.

By default, LabVIEW enables auto-indexing in For Loops and disables auto-indexing in While Loops.

Polymorphism is the ability of a function to adjust to input data of different data structures.

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