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The report sets out the status of women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health, and on health systems and social and environmental determinants. Regional dashboards on 16 key indicators highlight where progress is being made or lagging. There is progress overall, but not at the level required to achieve the 2030 goals. There are some areas where progress has stalled or is reversing, namely neonatal mortality, gender inequalities and health in humanitarian settings. …

he 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) was designed to provide information to monitor and evaluate the population and health situations in Kenya and to be a follow-up to the previous KDHS surveys. In addition, it provides information on indicators previously not collected in KDHS surveys, such as fistula and men’s experience of domestic violence. Finally, the 2014 KDHS is the first such survey to provide estimates for selected demographic and health indicators at the county level. …

The 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) is a national sample survey that targeted 40,300 households designed to provide detailed information on aspects of health across Kenya and in each of the 47 counties. The KDHS is conducted every five years. The 2014 KDHS was the sixth survey of its kind to be conducted in Kenya, following those carried out in 1989, 1993, 1998, 2003, and 2008-09, and it is the first KDHS to provide information at the county level. …

This paper was commissioned by the Education for All Global Monitoring Report as background information to assist in drafting the 2013/4 report. It looks at the relationship between education and literacy on child health. Improvements in women’s education are associated with significant reductions in under five mortality.

The situation of millions of children whose lives continue to be blighted by the impacts of HIV/AIDS seems still to be 'under the radar' of national and global policymakers (Foster, 2005). Sub-Saharan Africa has two-thirds of all people living with HIV worldwide, but is home to over three-quarters of children orphaned by AIDS and to a staggering 91% of all new pediatric infections. Infants and children are considerably less likely to receive lifesaving antiretroviral treatment (ART) than adults (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 2009). …

Community-based organizations (CBOs) are an important model for the care of orphans and other vulnerable children whose life and development are threatened by human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and poverty. However, data are lacking on the challenges and solutions enabling successful expansion of these programs to the national level. This article presents some of the experiences encountered by Malawi in the expansion of their network of CBOs. …

This National Program of Action (NPA) for children in Pakistan has developed set targets and indicators to assess progress towards the achievement of the Goals and will also envisage a process of monitoring progress towards the achievement of the Goals through the development of a system to measure changes in the status of the indicators. …

This report is aimed at providing an overview of the situation of children in South Africa, with a focus on the nonfulfilment and violation of children's rights as formulated in the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). The assessment utilises evidence drawn from available literature and interviews with key actors in the South African child rights arena. Based on the opinions of these key respondents, the report provides an overview of key role players in the field, followed by suggestions for possible areas for intervention by international aid agencies. …

More than 30 percent of school-aged children have lost at least one parent in Malawi. Lack of investments in human capital and adverse conditions during childhood are often associated with lower living standards in the future. Therefore, if orphans face an increased risk of poverty, exploitation, malnutrition, and poorer access to health care and schooling, early intervention is critical so as to avoid the potential poverty trap. …

This paper presents unique evidence that orphanhood matters in the long run for health and education outcomes, in a region of Northwestern Tanzania. The paper studies a sample of 718 non-orphaned children surveyed in 1991-94, who were traced and re-interviewed as adults in 2004. A large proportion, 19 percent, lost one or more parents before the age of 15 in this period, allowing the authors to assess the permanent health and education impacts of orphanhood. The analysis controls for a wide range of child and adult characteristics before orphanhood, as well as community fixed effects. …

The document contains the commitments that were part of the Special Session on Children: the Millennium Development Goals, early pledged to by all 189 United Nations Member States; the Children's statement, 'A World Fit for Us', delivered at the opening plenary of the Special Session by two young delegates; the consensus outcome documents of the General Assembly, 'A World Fit for Children', with goals and targets to be met; and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, ratified, acceded to a signed by 192 countries in the 12 years since it was first ratified, and the two Optional Protocols t …

The booklet describes practices that rob girl children of control over their persons and sometimes, rob them of their lives. It examines the cultural and practical motivations behind female infanticide, female genital cutting and honour killing and explores what is being done to put an end to these human right abuses.

A UNAIDS case study examining the Thai Red Cross zidovudine donation programme--a programme that donates zidovudine (a medication that reduces the risk for mother-to-child transmission of HIV by almost 70%). The case study examines the programme's history, its major elements, partnerships and alliances, and the lessons learned.

This report brings together current research - much of it unpublished - into the impact of HIV/AIDS on children in the South Asia region. It presents an overview of findings of studies in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. Limited information was available from the Maldives, Afghanistan and Sri Lanka, and none was available from Bhutan. Most research has taken place in India, so this synthesis is somewhat weighted toward that country. …