Fonzie's statement "I am a fairly competent motorcycle rider," provides a good example of his

Self-concept

The key characteristics of someone with the personality dimension of high agreeableness would be

Trustworthy and complian

A significant change in self-description that appears at about age eight is a shift from descriptions focusing on

Physical characteristics to social qualities

Research on early temperament and later development suggests that

There is a meaningful relationship between early childhood temperament and later adult personality

Goodness of fit is best defined as

The extent to which the child's temperament is compatible with the social world to which the child must adapt

The self-concept of most preschoolers is based on______ traits

Physical

When Carmello is playing basketball, he is very aggressive. When he is playing at his house with his young daughter, he is very passive. these situations best exemplify the concept of

Different context, different personality

Both Freud and Erikson believed that

People in every culture progress through stages of personality development

The most accurate description of a dispositional trait is that it is

A relatively enduring dimension of personality

Harter's self-perception research with older children indicated that self-esteem

Is multidimensional, consisting of several distinct domains

Which statement would indicate that an individual has a high level of surgency?

"I am always excited, in a good way, to meet new people."

Which behavior would indicate that Manny has a high level of effortful control?

He can quickly shift his attention from one topic to another

With regard to personality development during adulthood, which is true?

There is generally more change in personality between adolescence and middle age than there is between middle and old age

The hormones that lead to the development of male genitalia are called

Androgens

Rapid maturation of the brain is assumed to produce

less lateralization

Recent studies show that compared to females, males tend to display superior performance in

Mental rotation

Which is not true: Females are better at identifying positive and negative emotions, females show more social anxieties and worries than males, there are not gender differences in the physiology of empathic responses, or males tend to display more positive and negative emotions than girls do

Males tend to display more positive and negative emotions than girls do

in general, recent research regarding gender differences shows that

Males and females are more alike than different

According to social cognitive theory, five year old Marcus is most likely to imitate his

Father repairing a flat tire

Aggression that takes the form of gossip or psychological manipulation is called

indirect/relational aggression

Explanations of sex-typed behavior as a result of reinforcement and punishment are consistent with ______ theories

Social cognitive

Contrary to what researchers had previously thought, ideas about the nature of the "sexual self" begin to take shape

Prior to adolescence

Carissa, a five year old, was given two new toys to play with. She was told that one was a new toy for girls and the other was a new toy for boys. Carissa is most likely to

Play with the toy that was meant for a girl

Observations of infant and infant sexuality suggest all of the following except

They actively seek sexual contact with other infants

Which statement is the best example of postconventional moral reasoning?

While it may be legally wrong, it is morally right

Which of the following best exemplifies prosocial behavior?

Stopping to help a stranger change a flat tire

Prosocial behavior is defined as

A positive social act reflecting a concern for other

In order to engage in role-taking, children must outgrow what Piaget called _____ thought

Egocentric

What did Kohlberg use to assess moral reasoning?

Reactions to written moral dilemmas

Moral reasoning is best defined as the

Though process used to determine if an act is right or wrong

Mahatma bases all of his moral decisions on a simple rule: "always follow the rules set by a legitimate authority." Mahatma would best be placed at the ____ level of moral reasoning.

Conventional

The fact that a fearful child may become more anxious when disciplined than a fearless child best demonstrates how the factor of _____ can impact moral development

Temperament

Macy really wants a cool new jacket. She considers stealing it but decides not to solely because she might get caught. Her reasoning is at Kohlberg's _____ level.

Preconventional

_______ morality transcends the perspective of specific groups and attempts to encompass the perspective of all people

Postconventional

Mr. Mitchell's son Dennis is cruel to animals and shoplifts. Mr. Mitchell thinks his moral habits were learned by watching bad television shows. Mr. M's comments are best associated with the _____ view concerning moral behavior