The shift to service-based economy has often been accompanied by the expansion of low wage and insecure employment. Many consider the effects of this shift inevitable. But is there another way?
Virginia Doellgast (LSE) has conducted an impressive study of the changes that occurred in the organization of call center jobs in the United States and Germany following the liberalization of telecommunications markets. In her new book Disintegrating Democracy at Work: Labor Unions and the Future of Good Jobs in the Service Economy she compellingly contends that high pay and good working conditions are possible even for marginal service jobs. This outcome, however, depends on strong unions and encompassing collective bargaining institutions, which are necessary to give workers a voice in the decisions that affect the design of their jobs and the distribution of productivity gains.Doellgast found that German managers more often took the “high road” than those in the United States, investing in skills and giving employees more control over their work. Doellgast traces the difference to stronger institutional supports for workplace democracy in Germany. However, these democratic structures were increasingly precarious, as managers in both countries used outsourcing strategies to move jobs to workplaces with lower pay and weaker or no union representation. The findings show the importance of policy choices in closing off these escape routes, promoting broad access to good jobs in expanding service industries.
This book is a valuable contribution to the field of comparative industrial relations and understanding the relationship between national institutions, management strategies, and worker outcomes in the light of challenges that globalization poses to social market labor regimes.