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Abstract

We report on the micron-luminescent properties of carbon ion implanted optical channel waveguides in the Nd:MgO:LiNbO3 laser crystals. The confocal fluorescence images of the waveguide’s cross section are presented based on the analysis of the spatial variation of the Nd3+ fluorescence properties. We have found that the carbon ion implanted waveguides exhibit hybrid fluorescence properties of both hydrogen and oxygen ion implanted waveguides, which clearly denotes a “boundary” effect of light and heavy ions for waveguide formation in lithium niobate crystals.

The comparison of the room-temperature photoluminescence spectra obtained in the C implanted Nd:MgO:LiNbO3 channel waveguide (after annealing at 260°C for 30 min) and the bulk, corresponding to the emission bands of (a) 4F3/2→4I9/2 and (b) 4F3/2→4I11/2.

The spatial distribution of the intensity [(a) and (d)], spectral shift [(b) and (e)] and broadening of the emission line [(c) and (f)] of the cross section for the 3MeV C ion implanted Nd:MgO:LiNbO3 samples after annealing at 260°C for 30 min and 90 min. The dashed lines show the spatial locations of the regions with maximum defect concentrations induced by the nuclear damage. Scale bars are 2 µm, in all the cases.