Medical and Social Transformations in an Aging Worldhttp://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/sdh/article/view/18200
<p>How do we know and live old age today? What does it mean to be old in a time of the promise of high-tech medical interventions? Anthropologists and sociologists address the phenomenon of growing old both as experienced by individuals and their families and by the ways in which older lives are embedded in social, historical and political contexts. In recent decades a multitude of factors ensure that the very ideas of ‘aging’ and ‘health’ in late life are being transformed. As a result many social scientists have turned their attention to global developments in the spread of biomedical knowledge, the impacts of high-tech interventions on the practice of medicine in an aging world and shifting societal expectations about longevity. </p><p> </p>Sharon R. Kaufman
Copyright (c) 2017 Social Determinants of Health
2017-06-012017-06-01331141610.22037/sdh.v3i3.18200The relationship between socioeconomic factors and incidence of skin cancer in Iranhttp://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/sdh/article/view/17682
<p><strong>Background:</strong></p><p>The global burden of cancer due to population growth and aging, and various environmental factors is increasing. Skin cancer is the most common cancer among Iranians and among men, is more common. There is strong evidence from Industrialized and less developed countries that cancer incidence and survival is related to socioeconomic factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic variables including Human Development Index, unemployment rate and Urbanization ratio with the incidence of skin cancer in Iran.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong></p><p>The panel data were for 30 provinces for 6 years) 2007 to 2012(. Data of socioeconomic factors were collected from the Statistical Center of Iran and the data related to the incidence of cancer were collected from the reports on cancer registry of Health and Medical Education Ministry. For data analysis Stata11th version was used.</p><p><strong>Result:</strong></p><p>There is no relation between unemployment and the incidence of skin cancer. There is negative relationship between urbanization and incidence of skin cancer in both sexes. There is negative relation between HDI and the incidence of skin cancer in both sexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong></p><p>Among the three variables selected in this study, the human development index and the urbanization, influenced on the cancer incidence. Therefore, in order to prevent skin cancer, paying attention appears to be necessary for policymakers.</p><p><strong>Key words</strong>: Socioeconomic Factors, Skin Neoplasm, Iran</p>Mehdi JafariParvane HeydariPayam MahmoudianAli NematiSaeed Mohammad-PourSeyede-Elahe Hosseini
Copyright (c) 2017 Social Determinants of Health
2017-07-262017-07-263310.22037/sdh.v3i3.17682Iranian Youths’ Marriage Age: Parametric survival analysis Approachhttp://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/sdh/article/view/18529
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify; -ms-text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Background</span></span></em></strong><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">: Age at first marriage has received many attentions in demography, social and health researches because of its implication on fertility and social effects. Early and delayed marriage has their own effects on mothers and her children health, and social dimensions. Nowadays Iran experiences delayed marriage due to many factors; so the aim of this article is investigating the influential factors affect on youths’ marriage age.</span></p><p style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify; -ms-text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Methods:</span></span></em></strong><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> To study factors affect on marriage age, in a cross sectional study, 12741 Iranian pre-married youths including, 6381 males and 6360 females from all provinces were sampled by multi-stage stratified method and their information collected by structured questioner, in 2014. In this article, Kaplan-Meier, Log-Rank test, and Parametric survival analysis were applied for investigating effects of province, place of residence, educational level, job status, number of siblings and income variables on females’ and males’ marriage age, separately. </span></p><p style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify; -ms-text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Results:</span></span></em></strong><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Gamma and Log Logistic parametric models were the best fitted ones for females’ and males’ marriage age, respectively. Youths who lived in provinces with TFR&lt;2 and urban area were married latter than those who lived in province with TFR</span><span style="top: 5.5pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; position: relative; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -5.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAAWAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAABAAMAAsAgwAAAAAAAAAAOgAAZgA6kABmtjoAAJA6AJDb/7a227b//9uQOtv////bkP//2wECAwQk0CVAqwUrCHSvOwHBdFZjBAVpLWJnoh44KFe2kZKqx0Hv96IIADs=" alt="" width="12" height="22" /></span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2 and rural area. By increasing educational level, number of siblings and income variables, the youths’ marriage age also increased. Employed youths also married later than unemployed ones.</span></p><p style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify; -ms-text-justify: kashida; text-kashida: 0%;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Conclusion: </span></span></em></strong><span style="background: white; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">According to the same influential factors on young females’ and males’ marriage age, policy makers should examine the same programs and facilities for them in order to decrease their marriage age.</span></p>Mahsa SaadatiArezoo Bagheri
Copyright (c) 2017 Social Determinants of Health
2017-07-102017-07-103310.22037/sdh.v3i3.18529The effectiveness of teaching life skills on self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of studentshttp://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/sdh/article/view/18053
<p><strong>Background:</strong> A researcher from across the world has always addressed teaching life skills to students. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of teaching life skills on self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of high school students.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong> the population of this study consisted of all male high school students of Silvana district in Urmia city who amounted to 462 students. These students studied in two different schools. 3 classes were selected randomly from each of these schools and all students of these classes completed the self-efficacy and emotional intelligence inventory and those who scored low on this inventory were selected as the sample for this study. Then 30 students were selected randomly from among them and were assigned into two experiment and control groups of 15. The experiment group received life skills teachings and the control group remained in the waiting list. Both groups completed the Sherer's Self-Efficacy Scale and Bar-On Emotional Intelligence-Inventory in baseline and follow up phase. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 and applying covariance statistical method.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> the results of this study indicated that teaching life skills significantly increased the self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of students in the experiment group (p&lt;05) and the self-efficacy variable (F(26,1) – 110/028, P-/000,ETA-/809) and emotional intelligence and also emotional intelligence variable (F(26,1) – 115/341, P-/000, ETA-/816) were different significantly in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> teaching life skills can improve the self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of students and the education officials should pay attention to teaching these life skills to students.</p>Bahram GheitaraniSaeed ImaniNina SadeghiShahrbanoo Ghahari
Copyright (c) 2018 Social Determinants of Health
2017-05-042017-05-043310.22037/sdh.v3i3.18053