DD-75

The first Wickes (Destroyer No. 75) was laid down on 26 June 1917 at Bath, Maine, by the Bath Iron
Works; launched on 25 June 1918, sponsored by Miss Ann Elizabeth Young Wickes, the daughter of Dr. Walter
Wickes, a descendant of Lambert Wickes, and commissioned on 31 July 1918, Lt. Comdr. John S. Barleon in
command.

After an abbreviated shakedown, Wickes departed Boston on 6 August and arrived at New York on
the 8th. Later that day, she sailed for the British Isles escorting a convoy of a dozen merchantmen. After
shepherding her charges across the Atlantic, Wickes was detached from the convoy to make a brief stop at
Queenstown, Northern Ireland, on 19 August. Underway again the following day, the warship sailed for the
Azores to pick up passengers and United States bound mail at Punta Delgada before continuing on to New York.

Wickes subsequently escorted convoys off the northeast coast of the United States. She departed
New York on 7 October, bound for Nova Scotia; but, during the voyage north, her crew was hit by influenza.
Soon after the ship's arrival at Halifax, 30 men including the commanding officer were hospitalized ashore.

Soon the outbreak of "flu" in Wickes abated, but bad luck seemed to dog the destroyer. She
departed New York at 1748 on 23 October, screening ahead of the armored cruiser Pueblo and escorting a
convoy of merchant vessels. At 2104, Wickes sighted an unidentified ship to port on a collision course. She
immediately changed her course and switched on her lights. When the oncoming ship failed to give way, the
destroyer ordered full speed astern and went to general quarters. At 2110, only six minutes after the initial
sighting the unidentified ship's bow smashed into Wickes' port billboard. The stem of the stranger cut through
the destroyer's keel and caused extensive damage forward. Fortunately, there were no personnel casualties;
and the flood was contained by a key bulkhead which held fast. In this case of "hit and run" on the high seas,
the assailant remained unknown, since she scraped the destroyer's port side and steamed off into the night.
Stopping engines at 2112, Wickes' crew took stock of the damage and put about for the New York Navy Yard,
where she arrived at 0453 on 24 October.

While the ship was undergoing repairs there, the signing of the armistice on 11 November 1918 stilled
the guns of World War I. Now the task of establishing a fair peace for victors and vanquished lay ahead. To
take part in forging what was hoped to be a wise and just settlement of issues raised by the war, President
Woodrow Wilson sailed for Europe in the transport George Washington; and Wickes served as part of the
escort screen for the President's ship, departing from New York on 4 December 1918, bound for Brest, France.

Wickes subsequently cruised to northern European ports in late 1918 Calling at Hamburg and Stettin,
Germany; and Harwich, England. During this European cruise, while mooring at Hamburg on 3 March 1919, the
destroyer collided with the German merchantman Ljusne Ell. After repairs, the destroyer shifted to Brest in June
and from there escorted George Washington as that transport carried President Wilson back home to the
United States.

After celebrating the 4th of July 1919 off the Atlantic coast, Wickes and her sisters sailed for the Pacific
transiting the Panama Canal on 24 July 1919 with the mass movement of the ships from Atlantic to Pacific. Later
in that year, Commander William F. Halsey took command of the ship, after an overhaul at the Mare Island
Navy Yard. Halsey, who would win fame in the second World War, later stated in his memoirs that Wickes was
"the best ship I ever commanded; she was also the smartest and the cleanest." As flagship for Destroyer
Division 10, Wickes operated off the west coast into 1922, conducting the usual target practices and exercises.
As a wave of peacetime austerity swept over the United States, the Navy felt the "pinch" of decreased
expenditures and the widespread antimilitary sentiment which cropped up in the aftermath of World War I.
Accordingly, Wickes was decommissioned and placed in reserve at San Diego, Calif., on 15 May 1922.

The destroyer lay out of commission for eight years. Recommissioned on 26 April 1930, Wickes
shifted to the Atlantic and was based at New York. She operated off the eastern seaboard, making training
cruises with Naval Reserve detachments from the 3d Naval District embarked. From 3 to 18 February 1931, the
ship visited Tampa, Fla., for the Florida State Fair and Gasparilla Carnival, before she shifted to Mobile, Ala., to
take part in Mardi Gras observances. In November, the busy destroyer visited Bridgeport, Conn., to participate
in the Armistice Day observances on the 11th. In April 1932, two years after being recommissioned, Wickes
reported for duty with Rotating Reserve Squadron 20 and subsequently shifted back to the Pacific

From 1933 to 1937, Wickes operated out of San Diego. Decommissioned on 6 April 1937, the destroyer
remained in reserve only a short time because of the increase of tension in Europe and the Far East. Fighting
broke out in Poland on 1 September 1939 as German forces invaded that country and thus triggered British and
French assistance to Poland. World War II was on.

President Roosevelt promptly directed that the Navy establish a "Neutrality Patrol" off the eastern
seaboard, in the approaches to the Panama Canal and Guantanamo Bay, and at the two entrances to the Gulf
of Mexico. To help patrol these stretches of sea, the Navy quickly reactivated 77 destroyers and light
minelayers.

Wickes was recommissioned on 30 September 1939, Lt. Comdr. Charles J. Stuart in command. Over
the ensuing month, the destroyer was fitted out while moored at the destroyer base alongside Whitney (AD4).
Early in November, she shifted to the Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, Calif., for drydocking. After returning to
San Diego on the 21st, Wickes departed the west coast on the 27th, bound for Panama in company with her
division, Destroyer Division (DesDiv) 64. En route she fueled from Neches (AO-5) and arrived at Balboa on 6
December. Transiting the canal on the 7th, the destroyer arrived at the Naval Operating Base (NOB), Key West,
Fla., on the 11th and commenced neutrality patrol duty.

Wickes and her sister ships patrolled alternately in the Yucatan Channel between the east coast of
Cuba and the Yucatan Peninsula and in the passage between Florida and the west coast of Cuba. They
shadowed belligerent merchantmen and warships of the British and Commonwealth navies searching for
German freighters or passenger ships caught in or near American coastal waters by the outbreak of war.

On her first patrol, Wickes spotted a cruiser possibly HMAS Perth or HMS Orion (her log is not
specific here) at 1058 on 14 December. The destroyer shadowed the cruiser, changing courses and speeds to
conform with the other ship's movements, until well after nightfall. Anchored off Port Everglades, Fla. just before
Christmas of 1939, Wickes noted the British destroyer HMS Hereward (H.93) maintaining a diligent patrol 12
miles off the Florida coast between 23 and 25 December.

Wickes returned to Key West on 30 December but enjoyed barely enough time to refuel and provision
before she got underway again on 2 January 1940. She maintained a patrol off the Yucatan Peninsula for a
week before returning to Key West on the 9th. Shifting to Guantanamo Bay soon thereafter, Wickes exercised
with larger units of the Atlantic Squadron from 24 to 26 January before proceeding with DesDiv 64 for Puerto
Cabello, Venezuela, on the 26th. Arriving the following day, the ships commenced a three-day port visit

After leaving Puerto Cabello, Wickes and her division mates visited St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, before
joining DesDiv 65 at St. Eustatius, Dutch West Indies on 6 February. The next day, these two divisions
rendezvoused with Wichita (CA-45) and DesDiv 82; together with DesDivs 61 and 83 and the heavy cruiser
Vincennes (CA-44), these ships formed the "Antilles Detachment" of the Atlantic Squadron. After formation
steaming and exercises, Wickes arrived back at Guantanamo Bay on 9 February before shifting to NOB Key
West on the 14th.

In late February, Wickes again patrolled the Florida Straits, visiting the Dry Tortugas in the course of
her operations. At the end of March, she sailed on the Yucatan Patrol. Returning to Key West on 8 April,
Wickes maneuvered alongside Twiggs (DD-127) at the fuel pier there. The two ships touched and broke off the
propeller guard from Twiggs which punctured a small hole above Wickes' waterline. The damage, fortunately,
was minor, and the destroyer returned to sea shortly thereafter to conduct short range battle practice off Key
West before undertaking another stint on the Yucatan Patrol in mid-April.

From late April through mid-June, Wickes visited San Juan, Puerto Rico, and St. Thomas. She
departed from the latter port on 1 July to join Texas (BB-35) Arkansas (BB-33), and New York (BB-34) that
afternoon and conducted simulated torpedo attacks upon them at night. Wickes then operated out of San Juan
for the remainder of the month.

Meanwhile, in Europe, the situation facing the British had materially worsened. The devastating
German blitzkrieg had carried the Low Countries before it and knocked France out of the war. British destroyer
forces had suffered terribly in the ill-fated Norwegian campaign and in the evacuation from Dunkirk. Moreover,
German U-boats had taken their toll in their operations against British convoys. With Italy's entry into the war in
the summer of 1940, the British were faced with another long lifeline to defend in the Mediterranean.

Prime Minister Winston Churchill appealed to President Roosevelt for assistance, and, during the
summer of 1940, an agreement was worked out between the United States and Great Britain. In return for 50
"overage" American destroyers transferred to the Royal Navy, the United States received leases, for a
duration of 99 years, on strategic base sites stretching from Newfoundland to British Guiana.

Accordingly, 50 ships were picked for transfer Wickes among them. After her last Caribbean tour, the
destroyer returned to Key West on 24 July. She shifted to Galveston, Tex., on 27 July for an overhaul at Todd's
Drydock Co. and remained there through August.

Wickes departed Galveston in company with Elvans (DD-79), on 22 September, touched briefly at
Key West, and arrived at the Norfolk Navy Yard, Portsmouth, Va., on the 26th. On 9 October, Wickes departed
Hampton Roads with DesDiv 64 and stopped at the Naval Torpedo Station, Newport, R.I., soon thereafter. The
ships transited the Cape Cod Canal, en route to Provincetown, Mass., and after stopping there briefly, pushed
on for Halifax, Nova Scotia, where they arrived on 16 October.

As part of the fifth group of destroyers transferred to the British and Canadians, Wickes was visited by
Prime Minister Mackenzie King of Canada and Rear Admiral F. L. Reichmuth, USN, the Commander,
Destroyers, Atlantic Fleet, on 19 October, during the indoctrination period for the prospective British crew. On
23 October 1940, Wickes was turned over to the Royal Navy. Her name was struck from the Navy list on 8
January 1941.

Commissioned simultaneously on the 23d under the White Ensign as HMS Montgomery (G.95) Lt.
Comdr. W. L. Puxley, RN, in command the destroyer underwent further fitting out and familiarization before
departing Canadian waters on 1 November, bound for the British Isles. En route, Montgomery and the other of
her sister ships in company swept through the scene of the one-sided naval engagement between the armed
merchant cruiser HMS Jervis Bay and the German "pocket battleship" Admiral Scheer. This action had
occurred on 5 November when the German warship attacked a convoy escorted by the erstwhile merchant
steamship. Jervis Bay had gallantly interspersed herself between the raider and the convoy, allowing the latter
to escape while being herself smashed to junk and sunk. Montgomerg found nothing, however, and after
searching briefly for the German "pocket battleship" with orders to shadow by day and attack by
night arrived at Belfast, Northern Ireland on 11 November.

Shifting to Plymouth, England, a week later, Montgomery was allocated to the Western Approaches
command and based at Liverpool. During the course of one of her early patrols, Montgomery rescued 39
survivors from the torpedoed motor tanker Scottish Standard which had been torpedoed and sunk by U-96 on
21 February 1941. Disembarking the rescued mariners on the 24th, Montgomery resumed her Western
Approaches patrols soon thereafter.

The flush-decker underwent repairs at Barrow, Laneashire from April to September and was later
assigned to the 4 th Escort Group. Based now at Greenock, Scotland, the destroyer operated between the British
Isles and Canadian ports through the end of 1941. On 13 January 1942, the Panamanian-registered steamer SS
Friar Rock was torpedoed and sunk by U-180 100 miles southeast of Cape Race' Newfoundland. Four days
later Montgomery picked up seven survivors from that ship.

In February 1942, Montgomery came under the aegis of the Western Local Escort Force at Halifax.
Later in 1942, the destroyer was loaned to the Royal Canadian Navy before she sailed south and underwent
repairs at the Charleston (S.C.) Navy Yard which lasted into the following year 1943. Resuming her coastwise
convoy escort operations in February 1943, Montgomery rescued survivors of the torpedoed Manchester
Merchant sunk by U-628 on 25 February 1943, 390 miles off Cape Race.

The destroyer remained with the Western Local Escort Force into late 1943, operating out of Halifax.
On 12 December 1943, she assisted the Bowater-Lloyd Paper Co. barge Spruce Lake and, on the 27th,
departed Halifax for the British Isles, carrying the surviving crew members from the torpedoed British destroyer
HMS Hurricane which had been sunk by U-415 on Christmas Eve.

Arriving in England soon thereafter, Montgomery was placed in reserve in the Tyne River on 23
February 1944. Removed from the "effective list" the British equivalent of the United States Navy's "Navy
list" the veteran flush-decker was subsequently broken up for scrap in the spring of 1945 shortly before the
end of the war in Europe.