In the election of 1944, Franklin D. Roosevelt narrowly defeated Harry Truman for the presidency.

False

At the end of World War II, Japan surrendered before Germany surrendered.

False

At the Yalta Conference in 1945, Stalin promised to commit the Soviet Union to joining the war against Japan.

True

Revenge for Pearl Harbor had little to do with the decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan in August 1945.

False

After World War II, the United States spent billions of dollars helping to rebuild the Soviet Union.

False

The Baruch Plan called for the United States to unilaterally destroy its stockpile of nuclear weapons.

False

In its initial plans for atomic disarmament, the United States intended to turn control of its fissionable material and nuclear processing plants over to an international agency.

True

The Marshall Plan was a great political and economic success for the United States.

True

By convincing the Soviets of the firm intentions of the United States and its allies, NATO had the effect of de-escalating the Cold War.

False

In 1949 Communist forces took control of China.

True

The American public reacted well when President Truman relieved General MacArthur from duty.

False

Senator Joseph McCarthy gained great credibility during the Red Scare of the 1950s because of his scrupulous attention to validated facts concerning Communist espionage activities in the United States.

False

During the Battle of Dien Bien Phu in 1954, the United States provided air strikes in support of French troops.

False

The launching of Sputnik made Americans fear that the Russians were several years ahead of the United States in the development of intercontinental ballistic missiles.

True

During the 1950s, city populations actually grew more rapidly than suburban populations.

False

The growth of suburban populations in the 1950s was inextricably linked to the boom in automobile sales.

True

One striking feature of the 1950s was the abundance of self-criticism.

True

Harry Truman's Fair Deal program was a resounding success.

False

Harry Truman's attempts to carry on the traditions of Franklin D. Roosevelt were hampered by his tendency to seek too much too soon.

True

One of the few successes of Harry Truman's Fair Deal program was the enactment of his plan for medical insurance for all Americans.

False

Dwight D. Eisenhower, because of his extensive military background, assumed the presidency with the idea of actively pursuing key programs and expanding the powers of his office.

False

Dwight D. Eisenhower was the only president of the twentieth century to balance the federal budget during each of his eight years in office.