Epidermal Cyst

Definition

An epidermal cyst is a type of slow-growing lump underneath the skin. This cyst contains soft, cheese-like skin contents. These usually appear on the face, neck, chest, upper back, genitals, or behind the ears. Similar cysts called pilar cysts often occur on the scalp.

Causes

Causes include:

Blockage of a hair follicle by skin cells—When an injury to the skin occurs, cells from the surface may block hair follicles located deeper within the skin.

Risk Factors

Symptoms

If you have any of these symptoms, do not assume it is due to a cyst. These symptoms may be caused by other conditions. Tell your doctor if you have any of these:

Small, dome-shaped lump beneath the skin

Foul-smelling, cheese-like material draining from the cyst

Redness or tenderness on or around the cyst if it becomes inflamed

Diagnosis

You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. In most cases, the diagnosis can be made by looking at it. You may be referred to a dermatologist. This is a doctor who specializes in skin disorders.

Treatment

Talk with your doctor about the best treatment plan for you. Treatment options include the following:

Surgical excision—The doctor removes the entire cyst, including its contents and cyst wall.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.

Cysts–epidermoid and pilar. The British Association of Dermatologists website. Available at:
http://www.bad.org.uk/for-the-public/patient-information-leaflets/cysts---epidermoid-and-pilar?q=Cysts - epidermoid and pilar. Accessed September 23, 2014.