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The Qur’an literally “the recitation”; also sometimes transliterated as Qur’an, Koran, Alcoran or Al-Qur’an) is the central religious text of Islam. Muslims believe that the Qur’an is the book of divine guidance and direction for mankind, and consider the text (in the original Arabic) to be the final divine revelation of God.Islam holds that the Quran was revealed to Muhammad by the angel Jibril over a period of 23 years.

Muslims regard the Qur’an as the culmination of a series of divine messages that started with those revealed to Adam, who is regarded in Islam as the first prophet, and continued with the Suhuf-i-Ibrahim (Scrolls of Abraham), the Tawrat (Torah), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Injil (Gospel)

The aforementioned books are not explicitly included in the Qur’an, but are recognized in the Qur’an.

The Qur’an also refers to many events from Jewish and Christian scriptures, retelling some of these events in comparatively distinctive ways from the Bible and the Torah, while obliquely referring to other events described explicitly in those texts.

The Qur’an rarely offers detailed accounts of historical events; the text instead places emphasis typically on the moral significance of an event rather than its narrative sequence. Details to historical events are contained within the Hadith of Muhammad and the narrations of Muhammad’s Companions (Sahabah).

Verses in the Qur’an originated from verbal tradition, as Islam holds the text was almost entirely memorized by Muhammad’s companions as Muhammad recited them, although some verses are believed to be written by Muhammad’s companions during Muhammad’s dictation. In the Sunni tradition, the collection of the Qur’an took place under the Caliph Abu Bakr, this task being led by Zayd ibn Thabit Al-Ansari. “The manuscript on which the Qur’an was collected remained with Abu Bakr until Allah took him unto Him, and then with ‘Umar until Allah took him unto Him, and finally it remained with Umar’s daughter, Hafsa bint Umar.”[19] An original copy of the Uthman’s standard version of Qur’an from his time is on display at the Topkapi Palace in Istanbul.