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The total number of genes used by people has been debated ever since the initial analyses of the human genome sequence 2 years ago indicated that people have just 30,000 to 40,000 genes, rather than the 75,000 to 100,000 genes that many scientists had predicted.

This is years ahead of the original schedule set by the government-funded Human Genome Project, but stiff competition from the private sector, particularly from Celera Genomics, is now setting the pace of scientific discovery.