Russian machine gun system experienced Nikitin-Sokolov reference 1958

After the end of World War II in the KB-2 increased the amount of work to build a new small guns. In 1946, the GAC approved TTT number 3230 for a heavy machine gun designed to change the "Maxims" and SG-43. Already in 1947, the factory was held, also proving ground tests of the respective machine gun with these requirements, developed in the KB-2 designer GS Garanin. In automation machine gun was implemented the principle of powder combustion gases through a hole in the wall motionless barrel. The bore was closed with 2-lugs of the butterfly valve. Meal produced from iron belt open and direct delivery. Machine gun on the tests presented in 3 versions: on a wheeled machine and jig on the bipod.

Polygon NIPSVO the results of tests of machine guns Garanina gave a negative opinion, but despite the trouble was not gone very thought. But though the subject and do not shut down, work to create a machine gun still postponed indefinitely. This idea came back a couple of years later. For example, in 1953 the Tula Designer GI Nikitin in an active start to develop its own system of a machine gun under the 7.62-mm rifle cartridge. But officially approved it only after December 31, 1955 approved the tactical and technical requirements SAU to "7.62-mm battalion and single company commander under machine gun rifle cartridges. " Nikitin made several prototypes. Apart from Grigory, this study was specifically young engineer Yuri Sokolov, who came in 1954 in CDB-14 after the end of the Tula Mechanical Institute. Falcons proved himself as a capable designer, who passionately involved in a number of issues — on the device of the receiver, barrel, stock, trigger and the machine. Thus began a creative community of Sokolov and Nikitin.

Management of small arms and mortar SAU 20 June 1955 considered the draft projects of common machine guns, which were presented Tula Design Bureau (gun Nikitin also Pererusheva gun and Silin which was developed on the basis of SGM) and Kovrov KB OKB-575. Later Nikitin creation story of one gun recalled: "In 53-58 years I Sokolov and worked on creating a machine gun. It was designed, made and tested a few images. The result of this work and testing was the decision of a number of controversial questions about what will be the future standard. Solved the problems of the butt, box store, trunk, on the machine and trigger. We have developed a unified gun in 1958 passed troop tests. Machine gun was received a positive evaluation, then made a huge series of machine guns. "

In automation of one gun Nikitin-Sokolov was implemented the principle of withdrawal from the bore of the propellant gases with their "cut-off", as it was implemented in the medium machine gun SG-43. Produced by turning the locking bolt slot on the bolt carrier. Meal produced from iron belt spec. design capacity of 100 or 200 rounds direct feed. The feeder was made in the form of a lever having a feed fingers, which are driven by bevel bolt. From the back and the mainspring worked impactor. In using the latest machine gun powder gas cut-off system, which provides an average retraction of the barrel of powder gases and their impact on significant movement of the bolt area.

The factory is also proving ground tests a 7.52-mm (battalion and company) light machine gun Nikitin-Sokolov were held in 1956. The contest and other common light machine guns, among which were machine guns designs Silin-Pererusheva and Garanina. As a result, the test system Nikitin-Sokolov recommended to subsequent revision, with all this revision guns opponents acknowledged inappropriate. In the test report stated: "… The machine gun design Garanina by grouping the battle does not meet the tactical requirements. In terms of security actions when pureed dusty, dry detail and shooting without treatment within 5 days and machine gun Garanina TTT is not satisfied and inferior system Nikitin-Sokolov. " Machine gun-Silin Pererusheva tests failed due to the huge number of cross breaks sleeves.

In 1958, the gun Nikitin-Sokolov, mounted on a tripod machine ES Samozhenkova, has successfully passed tests proving ground. GAC on their results decides to make a batch of these guns for military trials, and later to start the Kovrov mechanical plant their batch creation. In reference Nikitin-Sokolov Plus there was a lot. But there were also shortcomings that were identified during the test. One of the "features" machine gun head of the customer representatives noted as invalid during combat deployment. If, after firing a machine gun turned out to be in the water, like two or three shots and then walked only a single lamp. After a single shot to shoot had to recharge the weapon, that is two to three times manually set gun cocked. Similar delay developers paramount importance, not appropriated. Representatives of the GAC asked how to remove it faster. It was then decided to connect to the GAC Tula Design Bureau to develop the system.

But the prospects for the next one machine gun made in Tula were not as rosy. Parallel military trials samples Kalashnikov and Nikitin-Sokolov was to decide the fate of quite a machine gun. These tests took place in the late 60s to the officers' course "The Shot" in the Central Asian and Baltic military area. Both systems have shown good results and were actually equal.

MT Kalashnikov about these trials later left his memoirs: "The representative of the rival us design bureau began visibly excited. Repeated the padlock in the irrigation ditch water. And again, they began "sneezing" samples, and we have a conventional automatic shooting. Under the terms of the test firing of the guns were properly followed: first followed not long queues in 3-4 shots, and later a few longish queue of 10-12 shots. During a longish queue at our rivals delay occurred due to overlap the tape. Later, another is the same delay. However, they were soon gone, and the shooting went well. After a while, all of a sudden a critical meeting gathered Commission, which conducted the tests. As it turned out, the representatives KB competing with us went to the trick: In order to avoid overlap, they warned all the shooters — with longish lines give 10 shots. The officer, committee member, I saw this maneuver and make sure everything was in line with the criteria of the test. After that immediately in several instances have occurred delays caused by overlapping the tape. The very fact that a representative sample of the design to facilitate the rules, the Commission has been rated very angry. And there is still another event happened. Because of the strong impact of a fighter bruised cheekbone. It was found that the gas cutoff, which provides more impact on the travel bolshennom frame, if a fighter is not fixed by firing gun in a certain position, and had a negative factor. The gate of the output was enough to tremendous pressure and passed on the butt, beating with all this in his cheekbone. If shooting in a steady situation could comfortably flatten the butt and curb returns, during the battle will be no time to choose a position and will inevitably be followed by injuries to the face. "

In the end, on the one hand, there was a successful design of technological and conventional systems in the production of machine guns Nikitin-Sokolov, albeit small which had until the end of the uncorrected defects, on the other — the Kalashnikov design, proven as highly in these swatches rifles and light machine guns, which ensure the highest operational fighting properties. In this regard, SAU elected single Kalashnikov machine gun is more common in service and more than reliable in operation, especially during rain and in overcoming the aqua-bottlenecking. In 1961, a single 7.62-mm machine gun Kalashnikov adopted it. In this upcoming gun put into batch creation instead of gun Nikitin-Sokolov.

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