2.Ahmad Shah(1422-1433) who conquered
Warangal and shifted the capital to Bidar, and who was also known asWali on account of his association
with a sufi, Gesu Daraz;

3.Humayun (1451-1461)
famous for his minister, Khwaja Mahmud Gawan;

In his campaign against Vijayanagar in 1481 he
even reached and plundered Kanchi. He overran Dahlol and Goa on the western
coast. However, Gawan was a Persian by birth and hence disliked by the
'Deccani' chiefs who were native. The Deccani party conspired against him and
got him executed in 1481.

Gradually, the Bahmani kingdom declined in power
till, in 152~, Amir Barid usurped the throne. Thus the dynasty came to an end.

DECCAN SULTANATES

oThe Deccan Sultanates were five Muslim ruled kingdoms located in
the Deccan plateau

oThey ruled south central India from 1527 to 1686

oThe Deccan Sultanates were established following the breakup of the Bahmani Sultanate in 1527.

oThe five kingdoms of the Deccan Sultanates were

oAhmadnagar (1490-1636)

oBijapur (1490-1686)

oBerar (1490-1572)

oGolkonda (1518-1687)

oBidar (1528-1619)

oThe Deccan Sultanates were generally rivals but united
against the Vijayanagara Empire in the Battle of Tallikota in 1565

oAn important cultural contribution of the Deccan Sultanates was the development of Dakhani
Urdu – drawn from Arabic, Persian, Marathi, Kannada and Telugu

oThe period is also famous for the development of Deccani
miniature paintings, which flourished in Ahmadnagar,
Bijapur and Golkonda

Ahmadnagar Sultanate

oThe Ahmadnagar Sultanate was located in northwestern Deccan,
between the Gujarat and Bijapur sultanate

oThe Sultanate was established by Malik Ahmad in 1490, who
founded the Nizam Shahi dynasty

oThe capital city of the Sultanate was initially Junnar, which
was later shifted to Ahmadnagar

oThe earliest examples of miniature paintings are found in the
manuscript Tarif-i-Hussain Shahi (c. 1565)

oThis period is also known for the encyclopaedia Nrisimha
Prasada written by Dalapati

oThe Ahmadnagar Sultanate was annexed into the Mughal Empire by
Aurangzeb (during the reign of Shah Jahan) in 1636.

Berar Sultanate

oThe Berar Sultanate was established by Imad-ul Mulk in 1490

oIt was annexed by the Ahmadnagar Sultanate in 1572

Bidar Sultanate

oThe Bidar Sultanate was established by Qasim Barid in 1490

oBidar was sandwiched between the Ahmadnagar, Bijapur and
Golconda sultanates

oBidar was annexed by Ibrahim Adil Shah II of the Bijapur
Sultanate in 1619

oAn important type of metalwork called Bidri originated in Bidar. These metalworks were carried out on black metal (mainly
zinc) with inlaid designs of silver, brass and copper

Bijapur Sultanate

oThe Bijapur Sultanate was established by Yusuf Adil Shah in
1490, who founded the Adil Shahi dynasty

oThe Bijapur Sultanate was located in northern Karnataka, with
its capital at Bijapur

oUnder the Adil Shahi dynasty, Bijapur became an important centre
of commerce and culture in India

oThe Begum Talab was a 234 acre tank constructed by Mohammad Adil
Shah in 1651 in memory of Jahan Begum. Underground pipes, encased in masonry
supplied water from the tank to the city residents

oIbrahim Adil Shah II wrote a book of songs in Dakhani urdu
called Kitab-i-Navras. This work
contains a number of songs set to different ragas.

oBijapur checked an invasion by the Portuguese in the year 1510,
against Goa. However, it was defeated the following year.

oDuring the 17th century, the Marathas rebelled against the
Bijapur Sultanate, under the leadership of Chhatrapati Shivaji.

oThe Bijapur Sultanate was annexed into the Mughal Empire by
Aurangzeb in 1686

Golconda Sultanate

oThe Golconda Sultanate was established in 1518 by Qutb-ul-Mulk,
who founded the Qutb Shahi dynasty

oThe Golconda Sultanate was located in northern Andhra Pradesh

oThe capital city was Hyderabad

oThe Qutb Shahi dynasty was responsible for the construction of the
Jami Masjid (1518), Charminar (1591) and Mecca Masjid (1617)

oAnother famous structure from the period is the fort of Golconda

oThe Shahi dynasty was instrumental in the development of Dakhani
urdu