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Surguja district is on the northern part of Chhattisgarh State, bordered by the states of Orissa, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, and Madhya Pradesh and has area of about 16,359 sq. km.

It is located between 23° 37' 25'' and 24° 6' 17'' north latitudes and between 81° 34'40'' and 84° 4'40'' east longitudes. The total population of the district is 1,972,094 including 1,000,050 males and 972,044 females.

Nearly 90% of the population of Surguja is depended on agriculture and engaged in the cultivation of cereals, oil seeds, pulses, and fruits or vegetables. The district mainly produces rice. The main tribes Nagesiya, Oraon, Baiga, Kanwar, Panika, and Dand Korwa are depended on agriculture. On the hilly areas grains like maize, barley, kodo, madua, kutki, bajra, and gondali are grown. The tribal people are dependent on the various forest products like fruits, roots of various plants, lac and honey for their survival. They even collect tendu patta, char, amla, hawai, and sal leaves and sell it directly to various government and non government organizations as well as in the open market.

The branch line on Bilaspur-Katani line of the South Eastern Railway is the only railway connection in the Surguja District. The state is linked with different states of India through, State Highway No 1, State Highway No 10 and State Highway No 14. The NTPC Korba and Hydro-Electricity Chachai (Amarkantak) supplies power to whole district of Surguja.