BACKGROUND: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) is a leading cause of death in cancer patients. The aim of this study was to explore the potential risk factor of VTE in oral and maxillofacial oncological surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data of patients who received operation in our institution were gathered in this retrospective study. A diagnosis of VTE was screened and confirmed by computer tomography angiography (CTA) of pulmonary artery or ultrasonography examination of lower extremity...

Isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (DVT), also known as calf DVT, represents up to 50% of all lower limb DVT in ultrasound series and is therefore a frequent medical condition. Unlike proximal DVT and pulmonary embolism (PE), which have been extensively studied and for which management is well standardized, much less is known on the optimal management of isolated calf DVT. Recent data arising from registries and non-randomized studies suggest that most distal DVTs do not extend to the proximal veins and have an uneventful follow-up when left untreated...

BACKGROUND: The results of the EINSTEIN-DVT/PE and AMPLIFY trials, which compared rivaroxaban and apixaban with conventional anticoagulation therapy for acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), respectively, are often compared. However, the trials differed in duration of therapy (3-12 and 6months, respectively) and in patient selection (few exclusion criteria and more stringent exclusion criteria, respectively). METHODS: To determine the effect of these methodological differences on outcomes, the patients enrolled in EINSTEIN-DVT/PE were divided into 2 cohorts; the 5253 patients that matched the exclusion criteria for AMPLIFY and were treated for at least 6months (cohort 1) and the 2368 patients who would have been ineligible for AMPLIFY (cohort 2)...

There is a well-established link between cancer and venous thromboembolism (VTE), and patients receiving chemotherapy for esophageal or gastric cancer appear at high risk of developing VTE. The incidence of VTE in the neoadjuvant setting in these patients is poorly understood, as is the role for thromboprophylaxis during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A PubMed search was conducted using a combination of terms including; esophageal & gastric cancer, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), VTE, neoadjuvant, chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy...

The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in Indian patients undergoing surgery for thoracic and abdomino-pelvic malignancies. A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care cancer centre in North India. Two hundred and fifty consecutive patients who underwent curative surgery for thoracic and abdomino-pelvic malignancies during the period March 2014 to March 2015 were enrolled in the study. Perioperative pharmacological antithrombotic prophylaxis was not prescribed to any of the patient as per the institutional protocol...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the relative effects between pharmacological thromboprophylaxis and no anticoagulation. BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients undergoing surgery need to be quantified to guide management. METHODS: We searched multiple electronic databases (up to March 31, 2016) for trials of cancer patients undergoing surgery that assessed the relative benefits and harms of perioperative pharmacological thromboprophylaxis...

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of anticoagulant treatment is not established for patients with acute symptomatic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the calf. We aimed to assess whether therapeutic anticoagulation is superior to placebo in patients with symptomatic calf DVT. METHODS: In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we enrolled low-risk outpatients (without active cancer or previous venous thromboembolic disease) with a first acute symptomatic DVT in the calf from 23 university medical centres or community medical clinics in Canada, France, and Switzerland...

BACKGROUND: Complications of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are related to adequacy of initial anticoagulant therapy. In this study, we analyze consecutive patients with lower-limb proximal DVT and compare the characteristics, treatment, and clinical outcomes of patients receiving entirely ambulatory treatment versus those hospitalized for initial treatment. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of consecutive patients with a first proximal lower-limb DVT during a 2-year period...

OBJECTIVE: This study used a multi-center database to evaluate the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on the 30-day morbidity and mortality following esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. METHODS: The NSQIP database was queried for 2005-2012 for patients, who had esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Patients were divided into two groups: neoadjuvant therapy and esophagectomy only. RESULTS: The neoadjuvant group had a lower rates of sepsis (8% vs...

Although intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) has become common as perioperative prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE) consisting of pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), the prophylactic effect against VTE, especially lethal PE, is not yet satisfactory. Therefore, pharmacologic prophylaxis, such as with enoxaparin, is desirable. While the efficacy and safety of enoxaparin have been proven in several clinical trials, concern about bleeding with longterm (at least 7 days) use have potentially decreased its widespread adoption...

Low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) has been the standard of care for treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer. Rivaroxaban was approved in 2012 for the treatment of pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), but no prior studies have been reported specifically evaluating the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban for cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT). Under a Quality Assessment Initiative (QAI), we established a Clinical Pathway to guide rivaroxaban use for CAT and now report a validation analysis of our first 200 patients...

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which mostly includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. As little is known about VTE associated with gastrointestinal cancers among the populations in the Middle East. This study aimed to determine the relative frequency of symptomatic VTE in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies in Iran. The charts of patients with gastrointestinal cancers in our institute from April 2010 to March 2015 were investigated for symptomatic VTE in a retrospective study...

PURPOSE: A case of supratherapeutic International Normalized Ratio (INR) values and hematomas subsequent to concomitant administration of warfarin and intravesical gemcitabine is reported. SUMMARY: A 90-year-old man with bladder cancer refractory to bacillius Calmette-Guérin was diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and started on warfarin one month before starting treatment with intravesical gemcitabine 2 g (one dose per week for six weeks). Before intravesical gemcitabine was started, the patient reached consecutive therapeutic INR values...

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common medical condition, particularly after surgical interventions. Many studies have shown that development of VTE, including both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is more common in surgical patients with cancer than in patients without cancer. This chapter focuses on VTE in brain tumor patients, including their pathogenesis, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Topics discussed included a brief overview of VTE followed by an in-depth discussion of the VTE risks brain tumor patients face in the post-operative period...

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with numerous complications and high mortality rates. Patients with cancer are at high risk of developing cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT), and VTE recurrence is common. Evidence supporting use of non-vitamin K antagonist (VKA) oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in patients with cancer is lacking - direct comparisons between NOACs and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) are needed, along with patient-reported outcomes. Cancer Associated thrombosis - expLoring soLutions for patients through Treatment and Prevention with RivarOxaban (CALLISTO) is an international research programme exploring the potential of the direct, oral factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban for the prevention and treatment of CAT, supplementing existing data from EINSTEIN DVT and EINSTEIN PE...

Patients with head and neck cancer who undergo reconstructive surgery are at risk for deep venous thrombosis (DVT), but the risk profile for patients undergoing major flap reconstruction is highly variable. Herein, we report our findings from a retrospective analysis of head and neck cancer patients (n = 517) who underwent free (n = 384) or pedicled (n = 133) flap reconstructive operations at a major tertiary care center from 2011 to 2014. DVTs developed perioperatively in 9 (1.7%) patients. Compared with pedicled flap patients, free flap patients had a longer mean operative time (421...

Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) may be associated with complications such as venous thromboembolism (VTE) and recurrent SVT. The purpose of this study was to explore risk factors among patients with a first isolated episode of SVT (index SVT) involving upper and lower extremities and to estimate the prevalence of VTE complications within 1 year of index SVT. Retrospective chart review of electronic records at Marshfield Clinic in Wisconsin identified 381 subjects with a first isolated SVT diagnosis (male/female: 170/211; median age 59...

INTRODUCTION: There is a wide variation in the use of vena cava filter (VCF). OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the hospital and patient characteristics associated with VCF use in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS: Inpatient discharge data from all acute care hospitals with DVT/PE during 2008-2014 in Kentucky were used. Hierarchical logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationships of study variables with VCF use...