I just dropped some laptop-sized RAM while it was in it's plastic wrapping onto my keyboard of my laptop. What's the chances of it failing because of this drop? If the RAM fails, would the failure spread to my CPU and my graphics card in my laptop?

If you're concerned at all, run Memtest from the ultimate boot cd, it'll test the RAM, but you most likely have nothing to worry about, RAM is robust, except to wide variances in electrical impulses (such as a static shock or power surge).
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MaQleodOct 25 '10 at 20:24

No, RAM is pretty resilient. Unless you had a lot of static in that area at the time, I think it is safe to say it is still in good condition. If you are that worried though and the RAM is new and you still have the receipt take it back to the store for a new one.