Association Between State Laws Governing School Meal Nutrition Content and Student Weight Status: Implications for New USDA School Meal Standards

Taber et alArticle found that in states where school meal laws exceeded US Department of Agriculture standards, the prevalence of obesity and the mean body mass index percentile were lower than for students in states that did not.

Cardiac Status of Children Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Who Are Receiving Long-term Combination Antiretroviral Therapy

In the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study's Adolescent Master Protocol, Lipshultz et alArticle compared echocardiographic measures to determine the cardiac effects of prolonged exposure to highly active antiretroviral therapy on 395 children with human immunodeficiency virus. The therapy appeared cardioprotective for the participants.

Cheng et al found in a randomized trial in 14 resuscitation training network simulation programs that scripted debriefing led to greater improvements in knowledge and team leader performance than nonscripted debriefing.

Psychological Distress in Parents of Children With Advanced Cancer

In a cohort study, Rosenberg et al found that more than 50% of parents of children with advanced cancer reported high psychological distress and 16% met criteria for serious distress.

Impact of Specific Medical Interventions in Early Childhood on Increasing the Prevalence of Later Intellectual Disability

In a study exploring the impact of medical interventions in early childhood on increasing the prevalence of later intellectual disability (ID), Brosco et al found that, among the medical technologies introduced from 1950 to 2000, intensive care unit treatment of low-birthweight infants was the most significant contributor to the increased prevalence of ID.

Examining Pregnant Women's Hostile Attributions About Infants as a Predictor of Offspring Maltreatment

In a prospective longitudinal study, Berlin et al evaluated pregnant women's hostile attributions about infants as a risk factor for early child maltreatment and harsh parenting. Mothers' hostile attributions increased the likelihood that their child would be maltreated by the age of 26 months.

Prevalence of Allergic Disease in Foreign-Born American Children

In a study of 91 642 children, Silverberg et al found that those born outside the United States had a lower prevalence of asthma, eczema, hay fever, and food allergies. The longer children lived in the United States, the higher their odds of developing an allergic disorder.

Hoberman et al surveyed parents on the factors associated with consent for their child's participation in a clinical trial. Parents who declined consent had higher socioeconomic status, more anxiety about their decision, and found it harder to make their decision vs consenting parents.

Clostridium difficile Infection in Children

Sammons et al reviewed recent updates in the incidence and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) among children and highlighted the importance of CDI in special populations of children.

In a systematic review of studies on the efficacy of electronic media–based interventions by Hieftje et al, 19 studies met the criteria and focused on at least 1 behavior change outcome. Interventions using electronic media can improve health and safety behaviors, such as diet, in young persons.