tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38107421369581357342017-09-18T05:21:44.865-07:00Quaker QuiltsProviding information and resources for those interested in researching historical quilts made and inscribed by members of the Religious Society of Friends.Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.comBlogger135125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-37556951637418276942017-06-23T10:31:00.000-07:002017-06-23T10:38:32.363-07:00A Fictitious Detective Story: The Completely Made-Up Case of Elma's Quilt Blocks<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ZqnC4cyhJ3Q/WUwHKWH7olI/AAAAAAAAC1E/Xb2VitJ7oE4-LkQIKZlO6UOFn21iAANrgCLcBGAs/s1600/Elma%2B3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1594" data-original-width="1600" height="397" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ZqnC4cyhJ3Q/WUwHKWH7olI/AAAAAAAAC1E/Xb2VitJ7oE4-LkQIKZlO6UOFn21iAANrgCLcBGAs/s400/Elma%2B3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">This is a tale of pure fiction, yet one that presents an opportunity to share some pictures of pretty, historical quilt blocks.&nbsp; We also hope it will provide a little entertaining instruction for researching historical Quakers.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Recently, Mary was given a set of twenty, nine X nine inch, unfinished quilt top blocks.&nbsp; According to the gift giver, the blocks were purchased from a dealer about twenty years ago.&nbsp; At that time, the dealer explained that the previous owner lived in Ohio, and that the pattern was called "Losses and Crosses."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">One of the blocks is marked by a faint name, inscribed in pencil.&nbsp; Another has what looks like a manufacturer's mark "49".</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ZauOUF-wrI0/WUwIuChlBOI/AAAAAAAAC1Q/vXmhmcxTOnobGecaBK1ZtKJ_RTx6lunlQCLcBGAs/s1600/Elma%2B1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1307" data-original-width="1600" height="326" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ZauOUF-wrI0/WUwIuChlBOI/AAAAAAAAC1Q/vXmhmcxTOnobGecaBK1ZtKJ_RTx6lunlQCLcBGAs/s400/Elma%2B1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VR8ktDk5NvU/WUwI_tQ_JRI/AAAAAAAAC1U/kiMBRKDvFeQ__ZEemTHfC9Z-94n0oe_ggCLcBGAs/s1600/Elma%2B8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="900" height="640" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VR8ktDk5NvU/WUwI_tQ_JRI/AAAAAAAAC1U/kiMBRKDvFeQ__ZEemTHfC9Z-94n0oe_ggCLcBGAs/s640/Elma%2B8.jpg" width="360" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Much like some actors who develop their characters by asking questions as "who, what, where, when&nbsp; and why", we can approach even simple objects in the same way.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">1.&nbsp; WHO made the (WHAT) unfinished blocks?</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The blocks contain one name, inscribed in pencil.&nbsp; After examination under magnification, looking at a digital photograph, manipulating the photos to make it clearer, and tracing it to see if duplicating the process of the original&nbsp;inscriber shed light on the name, the name was still unclear.&nbsp; Even if we could decipher the name, it would not mean that that person made the blocks.&nbsp; The name could indicate an intended recipient, or . . .&nbsp;&nbsp; We just don't know. But we can PRETEND the name indicates a maker, and that (since our blog is about Quaker quilts and history) that the maker was a member of the Religious Society of Friends.&nbsp; We have chosen to call the mystery block maker "Elma Howel"&nbsp; (with all of its various spellings).&nbsp; </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">To find any historical Quaker, we like to begin with William Wade Hinshaw.&nbsp; (See our Hinshaw's Records tab at the top of the page.)&nbsp; If you do not have access to Hinshaw's records, they can be found in hardbound volumes at some libraries and also accessed on <a href="http://www.ancestry.com/">www.ancestry.com</a> for the price of a short term subscription. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ancestry access is provided by scrolling down to the bottom of ancestry's&nbsp; drop-down menu under "SEARCH" and clicking on "Card Catalog."&nbsp; Once that page opens, an entry of "Quaker" in the "TITLE" field pulls up numerous listings including Hinshaw's <em>Encyclopedia of American Quaker Geneaology.&nbsp; </em>Hold this thought for a moment.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zSqwkTEecAo/WUwRYm00wXI/AAAAAAAAC1k/5uLzrM85XVkIL5QcQrV75hjHRFIFafY3QCLcBGAs/s1600/Elma%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1472" height="400" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zSqwkTEecAo/WUwRYm00wXI/AAAAAAAAC1k/5uLzrM85XVkIL5QcQrV75hjHRFIFafY3QCLcBGAs/s400/Elma%2B2.jpg" width="367" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">2.&nbsp; WHERE did the blocks come from?</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The blocks' oral history is that they were purchased from someone who lived in Ohio.&nbsp; Hmmmmm.&nbsp; That hardly narrows things down but let's PRETEND that is where the maker lived at some point in her life.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Now, back to ancestry.com.&nbsp; After finding the list of Quaker records, we see Hinshaw's <em>Encyclopedia of American Quaker Genealogy</em>, Vol. IV, (Ohio).&nbsp; After clicking on that link, we enter the surname "Howel" and after examining several entries on the returned list, we end up on page 687.&nbsp; According to records of the Salem Monthly Meeting: On 1830, 8, 25, Elma Howel (formerly Cadwalader) was "dis" [disowned] for "mcd" [marrying contrary to discipline].</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6zeQXkpe-vg/WUwUQq7zhOI/AAAAAAAAC1w/WQ8ZMNxaR_YxVSpabgVt2qFUMu9nGKjYgCLcBGAs/s1600/Elma%2B4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1525" data-original-width="1600" height="381" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6zeQXkpe-vg/WUwUQq7zhOI/AAAAAAAAC1w/WQ8ZMNxaR_YxVSpabgVt2qFUMu9nGKjYgCLcBGAs/s400/Elma%2B4.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Now we can search ancestry's Public Member Trees for clues<em>, </em>although to make a positive identification requires much more meticulous, time-consuming research.&nbsp; Continuing on our fictional journey, the first name to pop up when searching Public Member Trees by name is Elma Cadwalader.&nbsp; This Elma was the first of seven children born to Jonah and Ann (Catel) Cadwalader who appear in Quaker records from Pennsylvania and Virginia.&nbsp; Elma married Elias Howell on 17 November 1829, just months before Elma Howel (Howell)&nbsp;was disowned for "marrying contrary to discipline."&nbsp;&nbsp;(Disownment&nbsp;events were normally recorded by&nbsp;Monthly Meetings some time after the "transgression" occurred.)&nbsp; Later, in 1854, Elma's membership in the Religious Society of Friends was reinstated, with permission of the Salem Monthly Meeting, by the Alum Creek Monthly Meeting in Ohio.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Elma was born in Pennsylvania in 1800 and died in Ohio in 1870, eight years after the death of her husband.&nbsp; To research more about this very real person, we would then explore her name, cross-referencing it with birth/marriage/death dates and the names of her relations in census data, social histories, and other records.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">As we begin to place any name in relationship to others, a portrait begins to emerge which, in turn, can allow us to IMAGINE quilts in their original place and time.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4A9jyzKdCKk/WUwa8vKAotI/AAAAAAAAC2A/vxYyQi4It3U07ftJ2pbmNp8aU0QnwP-8ACLcBGAs/s1600/Elma%2B5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1554" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4A9jyzKdCKk/WUwa8vKAotI/AAAAAAAAC2A/vxYyQi4It3U07ftJ2pbmNp8aU0QnwP-8ACLcBGAs/s400/Elma%2B5.jpg" width="387" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">3.&nbsp; WHEN were the blocks made?</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Research by the person who gave the blocks to Mary suggests their fabrics date ca. 1860-1880.&nbsp; Since the fabrics, thread, and style fit this time frame, we can PRETEND this is an accurate time frame, pending further research.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/--BXnEorqDO0/WUwb62jIctI/AAAAAAAAC2M/6lmi1HWIerw5CUc3nboPdIH2dHFQLnuVgCLcBGAs/s1600/Elma%2B6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1517" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/--BXnEorqDO0/WUwb62jIctI/AAAAAAAAC2M/6lmi1HWIerw5CUc3nboPdIH2dHFQLnuVgCLcBGAs/s400/Elma%2B6.jpg" width="378" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">On page 176 of her <em>Encyclopedia of Pieced Quilt Patterns</em>, Barbara Brackman lists the following names for pattern #1316a: Double X #2, Fox and Geese, Bow Tie Variation, Goose and Goslings, and Crosses and Losses.&nbsp; This last is the last name the previous owner used for the pattern but we do not know what the original maker called it.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">4.&nbsp; WHY were the blocks made and why was the quilt never finished?</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The dealer sold the pieces as "Civil War" blocks although some later fabrics suggest that at least some of the blocks were made after the Civil War.&nbsp; Was this a quilt being made for an event that never happened?&nbsp; Was it abandoned because the maker had other priorities, became ill, or even passed away?&nbsp; Had something happened to the intended recipient?</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Despite becoming slightly attached to dear Elma, we must conclude by admitting we know almost nothing about the true history of these blocks.&nbsp; However, we can definitely say that we are glad these relics of the past survived.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Special thanks:&nbsp; Karen Colley and to members of the Facebook groups "Quilts-Vintage and Antique" and "Antique Signature Quilts."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ancestry.com Quaker meeting records and Public Member Trees.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c)&nbsp; Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2017.</span>﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><br />Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-17181883902095637562017-05-24T12:54:00.003-07:002017-05-24T13:03:37.403-07:00Esther Coates Wileman: An Unscripted LifeEsther Coates Wileman's quilt has been the topic of our last three posts and will be covered again, this time, by telling the story of the woman for whom it was made.&nbsp; But first, we have good news about the disposition of the quilt and the archival material related to it.<br /><br />Judy Kerr, the descendant who inherited Esther's quilt, has generously donated the quilt and related family material to The Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College.&nbsp; She could not have made a better choice for the quilt's now permanent home.&nbsp; The quilt will be carefully preserved there and many historical records concerning the Coates family reside at the Friends Library.&nbsp; Now the quilt and its archival documents have joined other Coates family records, making them available to the public for research purposes.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rHqDYd-XCMg/WSRjKRP1Z3I/AAAAAAAACzA/fCOYUJiV8Z4QRjyTMUCZTT4a8SmXCe2AQCLcB/s1600/Lynda%2Bshot%2B3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rHqDYd-XCMg/WSRjKRP1Z3I/AAAAAAAACzA/fCOYUJiV8Z4QRjyTMUCZTT4a8SmXCe2AQCLcB/s400/Lynda%2Bshot%2B3.JPG" width="300" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Detail.&nbsp;<em> Esther Coates Wileman Quilt.</em>&nbsp; A holding of The Friends Historical Library of </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Swarthmore College.&nbsp; Photograph by Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Esther Coates was the fourth child of Quakers Samuel (1786-1825) and Margaret Cherrington (1790-1852) Coates of Chester County, Pennsylvania.&nbsp; Born on October 19, 1815, her birth was noted in the records of the Bradford Monthly Meeting in West Bradford Township.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-EXtyd8Q9f9M/WSRkbNWt4XI/AAAAAAAACzM/DLJ3SCT4Ci8TktfR6wzpEezwY4pPj8z4ACLcB/s1600/Bradford%2BMtg.%2BHouse%2BWikimedia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-EXtyd8Q9f9M/WSRkbNWt4XI/AAAAAAAACzM/DLJ3SCT4Ci8TktfR6wzpEezwY4pPj8z4ACLcB/s400/Bradford%2BMtg.%2BHouse%2BWikimedia.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Bradford Monthly Meeting House, New Bradford Township, Chester County,</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Pennsylvania.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp; Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Esther grew up in Caln Township in the family home that originally belonged to her great-grandparents, Thomas and Sarah Coates.&nbsp; The property was left to their son, Samuel, who deeded half of the farm and the house to his son, Samuel, Esther's father.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uYcz3IX6edQ/WSRleBJwLhI/AAAAAAAACzY/RqN6DKkHJII2d_j5o8oHvWxjzCSpfeR9QCLcB/s1600/Residence%2BThos.%2Band%2BSarah%2BCoates.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="306" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uYcz3IX6edQ/WSRleBJwLhI/AAAAAAAACzY/RqN6DKkHJII2d_j5o8oHvWxjzCSpfeR9QCLcB/s400/Residence%2BThos.%2Band%2BSarah%2BCoates.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The Thomas and Sarah Coates house.&nbsp; Their son Samuel lived here his entire life.&nbsp; </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">He left half of the farm land&nbsp;and&nbsp;the left half of the house to Esther's father when he</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">passed away.&nbsp; Image from <em>A Genealogy of Moses and Susanna Coates.</em></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><em><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></em>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Coates household must have been a lively one.&nbsp; Esther had three older sisters, and by 1824, one surviving younger brother and two younger sisters to play with and occupy her time as an active nine-year-old.&nbsp; We have no details about her education, but the Quakers routinely educated both their girls and their boys.&nbsp; The girls, and sometimes the boys, also&nbsp;received instruction in needlework.&nbsp; A sampler made by Esther in 1827, when she was twelve years old, demonstrates perhaps her first attempt at this type of needlework.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yHVt-D6Z4Pc/WSRnVEUr5iI/AAAAAAAACzk/3HaubfuDW4Mcjz65Oh32JfgFEooMPF8nwCLcB/s1600/Sampler%2B1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yHVt-D6Z4Pc/WSRnVEUr5iI/AAAAAAAACzk/3HaubfuDW4Mcjz65Oh32JfgFEooMPF8nwCLcB/s400/Sampler%2B1.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Sampler made by Esther Coates in 1827.&nbsp; Image courtesy of Judy Kerr.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">We&nbsp;know little about Esther's &nbsp;life as a young woman although one of the blocks in her quilt is inscribed:&nbsp; "Thy pupil M.A. Brinton."&nbsp; This may indicate that Esther taught school while still in Chester County but, except for the quilt block, we have found no evidence for this.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">We do know that by the time she was in her late twenties, she had made the acquaintance of Abraham G. Wileman (also known as Abram) of Stark County, Ohio.&nbsp; Family tradition relates that they met through a group of Quakers around Massillon, Ohio, at the Marlboro Monthly Meeting.&nbsp; We do not know why Esther went to Ohio or when, but Abram Wileman was soon to be her husband.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_QojOjKio3Y/WSRo69U0LyI/AAAAAAAACzw/QM7IoDSyk6U94Up8q6vpqo8hUhrGRIbQQCLcB/s1600/Abraham%2BWileman.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_QojOjKio3Y/WSRo69U0LyI/AAAAAAAACzw/QM7IoDSyk6U94Up8q6vpqo8hUhrGRIbQQCLcB/s400/Abraham%2BWileman.JPG" width="333" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Abraham G. Wileman (1821-1863) in uniform after enlisting in the </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Union Army in 1861.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of Judy Kerr.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">On August 10, 1844, Esther wrote to the Fallowfield Monthly Meeting where she had been attending and requested to be released from her membership in this meeting.&nbsp; She and Abram, six years younger than she, were married&nbsp;the following&nbsp;November.&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-U_D2TAh4ayo/WSRqSdxRBbI/AAAAAAAACz8/VwKOROLpr2QMg5AOf1oQPjISGg72pZG9ACLcB/s1600/Esther%2BCoates.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-U_D2TAh4ayo/WSRqSdxRBbI/AAAAAAAACz8/VwKOROLpr2QMg5AOf1oQPjISGg72pZG9ACLcB/s640/Esther%2BCoates.JPG" width="442" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Esther Coates Wileman.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of Judy Kerr.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Esther's mother Margaret Cherrington Coates, had a dozen serving spoons of coin silver engraved with her initials.&nbsp; As a wedding gift, she gave six of these spoons to Esther with Esther's new initials added to the engraving.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GbDdyTpR4M4/WSRrH6Bf8bI/AAAAAAAAC0E/xOdF2scfmiQHs5-drllTTfXaY_bZpuMpQCLcB/s1600/Spoons%2B2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GbDdyTpR4M4/WSRrH6Bf8bI/AAAAAAAAC0E/xOdF2scfmiQHs5-drllTTfXaY_bZpuMpQCLcB/s400/Spoons%2B2.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Handles of three of the spoons given to Esther by her mother showing her mother's</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">&nbsp;initials at top and the added "to ECW" below.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of Judy Kerr.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Esther also received the quilt made by family and friends bearing forty-five inscriptions and fifty-six legible names.&nbsp; The spoons and the quilt accompanied her to her new home in Ohio.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Up until this time, Esther's life had followed an expected nineteenth-century script of events and relationships.&nbsp; Then, in 1850, almost six years into their marriage,&nbsp;Esther&nbsp;and Abram had a daughter they named Floretta.&nbsp; In 1853, Floretta&nbsp; died of scarlet fever and her&nbsp;death changed everything.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-HvityCBLAsE/WSRsgRcBlNI/AAAAAAAAC0Q/b8OAAs_V2OUcFEGJudvu9rAClouz0ASFACLcB/s1600/Esther%2BCoates%2Bdaughter%2BFlora.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-HvityCBLAsE/WSRsgRcBlNI/AAAAAAAAC0Q/b8OAAs_V2OUcFEGJudvu9rAClouz0ASFACLcB/s400/Esther%2BCoates%2Bdaughter%2BFlora.JPG" width="336" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Painting of Floretta Wileman at about two years of age.&nbsp; A quilt made by</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Esther, possibly for Floretta, was donated by a member of the Kerr family to the</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">National American History Museum at the Smithsonian Institution.&nbsp; A link to a</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">photograph and description of this quilt is provided under "Sources" at the end of this</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">post.&nbsp; Photograph of painting courtesy of Judy Kerr.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">In an undated letter to his sister-in-law, Mary Coates Cutler, Abram described the details of Floretta's passing.&nbsp; She complained on a Saturday to Abram:&nbsp; "Pa, baby's head's tired."&nbsp; Abram and Esther attended to her all that day and, when evening came, she seemed to be stable and alert, so they left her with a sitter and attended a lecture in town by Joel Tiffany, a famous local lawyer and orator.&nbsp; When they returned, Floretta again complained about her head being tired.&nbsp; Her temperature increased during the night and Esther and Abram applied ice to her head and body in an attempt to bring the fever down.&nbsp; "At four o'clock in the morning she scrambled up over me reached &nbsp;her little hands to her mother saying 'Oh Ma, Oh Ma' in the most tender and endearing accents of which she was capable.&nbsp; She then laid down immediately and never spoke intelligently again."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The next morning Abram contacted a doctor who visited Floretta in the afternoon, telling the Wilemans that she had congestion of the brain and could not be saved.&nbsp; As a last effort to save her, he recommended that they immerse her in hot water and keep wet snow to her head.&nbsp; This they did until six o'clock when they could see that she was dying.&nbsp; "She stopped breathing without a single struggle or a single contortion of her face, which was attributable to her being kept in the bath."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Both Abram and Esther were devastated by Floretta's death.&nbsp; Esther's response was a decision to pursue a medical degree, an ambition that Abram did not support.&nbsp; The result of their disputes about Esther leaving to gain a medical education eventually resulted in her leaving him the year Floretta died and going to Philadelphia.&nbsp; She refused to return to Abram, instead choosing to live at the home of her sister, Mary Coates Cutler.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xg2E6fPPW2U/WSRxyJQH_sI/AAAAAAAAC0g/h0ycPhp1d80iS7KmCKI2XWjkNqTPDOjtwCLcB/s1600/judy_mary_coates_cutler%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xg2E6fPPW2U/WSRxyJQH_sI/AAAAAAAAC0g/h0ycPhp1d80iS7KmCKI2XWjkNqTPDOjtwCLcB/s640/judy_mary_coates_cutler%2B2.jpg" width="376" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mary Coates Cutler.&nbsp;&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of Judy Kerr.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">When Esther arrived at Mary's home, she discovered that she was pregnant and, on January 3, 1854, she gave birth to a son she delivered herself when the doctor did not come when summoned.&nbsp; She named her son Erasmus Darwin Wileman.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ER4s15mgcLY/WSWmk84NSuI/AAAAAAAAC00/EoCjUL1oqgM3_xtP3IFWtTOWOZ7ot328QCLcB/s1600/Erasmlus%2BDarwin%2B1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ER4s15mgcLY/WSWmk84NSuI/AAAAAAAAC00/EoCjUL1oqgM3_xtP3IFWtTOWOZ7ot328QCLcB/s400/Erasmlus%2BDarwin%2B1.jpg" width="300" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Erasmus Darwin Wileman.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Judy Kerr.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">In the meantime, Abram had moved from Stark County, Ohio, to Pendleton County, Kentucky.&nbsp; Here he filed official divorce papers in 1858 stating that he and Esther had not lived together since 1853 when she "became discontented and disposed to isolate herself from the company about the home of the plaintiff to such a degree as to render the married state to both miserable."&nbsp; (Jones, 2.)&nbsp; Esther did not show up for the divorce hearing and the divorce, a civil suit, was granted by the Pendleton Circuit Clerk's Office in Falmouth, Kentucky.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Esther had turned over her son to Abram's sister, Hannah Wileman Brooks, to raise while she attended the Pennsylvania Medical University of Philadelphia.&nbsp; She had completed studies there in 1855 in the arts and humane letters and then continued on to earn a medical degree.&nbsp; She is listed in the University year books of 1858, 1860, and 1863 as a graduate pursuing a thesis titled "A Thesis.&nbsp; What is it?"&nbsp; Esther was one of the earliest women to graduate from the Pennsylvania Medical University with a degree that permitted her to practice medicine.&nbsp; With this in hand, she opened a medical office in Vineland, New Jersey, where Erasmus was occasionally sent to visit her.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Esther practiced medicine for the rest of her life, spending each winter in Florida and often staying with her sister&nbsp;at&nbsp;Mary's farm on the Susquehanna River in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.&nbsp; Esther died while visiting Florida in 1873.&nbsp; Her body was returned to Pennsylvania and she was buried at the Druemoore Friends Burial Ground in Lancaster County.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">As for Abram, he married a local Pendleton County woman, Parthenia A. Race, in 1858, the year he obtained his divorce from Esther.&nbsp; In October, 1861, he enlisted in Company D of the 18th Kentucky Infantry, rising to the rank of Major of the Regiment by 1863. He was wounded in the arm at the battle of Chickamauga in Georgia that same year and requested a leave to recuperate in the Officer's Hospital in Nashville, Tennessee.&nbsp; By October 1863, Abram had returned home to recuperate further surrounded by his family.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">While visiting in his parlor with his wife and some neighbors the evening of October 5th, a group of "guerillas" (who represented themselves as belonging to Breckenridge's Command) barged into Abram's home demanding money and that he accompany them to Falmouth.&nbsp; Abram refused both and was taken from his home, stripped of all clothing but his boots and shirt, and shot in the head.&nbsp; The person who shot Abram was identified as Jim Keller, a well-known and murderous "Rebel" who&nbsp;was killed while being captured.&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Major Abram G. Wileman was considered a hero by the people of Pendleton County who openly mourned his passing.&nbsp; His body was taken to Alliance in Stark County, Ohio, and buried in the Marlboro Cemetery.﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:&nbsp; </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>1850-1860 Esther Coates Wileman's Child's Quilt</em>, Smithsonian National Museum of American History object description accessed 5/20/2017 at <a href="http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_556428">http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_556428</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ancestry.com census and Quaker meeting records.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Coates, Truman.&nbsp; <em>A Genealogy of Moses and Susanna Coates Who Settled in Pennsylvania in 1717.&nbsp; </em>Compiled by Truman Coates, M.D., 1906.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Index, Fallowfield Monthly Meeting records.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Jones, Marjorie Stith. "The Life and Death of Major A. G. Wileman" in the <em>Pendleton County Historical and Genealogical Society Newsletter</em>, Vol. 1, Issues 4 &amp; 5,&nbsp; Pendleton, Kentucky.&nbsp; Accessed 5/20/2017 at <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/ky/state/counties/pendleton/military/civilwar/wileman.htm">http://www.usgennet.org/usa/ky/state/counties/pendleton/military/civilwar/wileman.htm</a>. &nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Letter (undated) Abram Wileman to Mary Coates Cutler provided by Judy Kerr with a notation that it was written in 1853.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Letter (dated October 8, 1863) Colonel W. A. Warner to the <em>Western Citizen</em> newspaper titled "Particulars of the Murder of Major A. G. Wileman of the 18th Kentucky Infantry.' The letter was published by that newspaper on Friday, October 23, 1863.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Valentic, Judy Kerr.&nbsp; <em>Ancestors of Judith Kerr Valentic.&nbsp; </em>This was previously posted at <a href="http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/-kypendle/Pages/wileman_abram.htm">http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/-kypendle/Pages/wileman_abram.htm</a><em>&nbsp;</em>but is no longer accessible.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2017.</span><em>﻿</em></div><div align="left" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em></em>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em></em>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div align="left">﻿</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-22176037874671866932017-04-20T15:00:00.000-07:002017-04-20T15:12:41.768-07:00Daniel Smith Harris: A Notable "Catch"Sarah Coates Harris, whom we covered last time, had a life-changing experience when she inadvertently met the widower Captain Daniel Smith Harris while traveling by Mississippi river boat on a lecture tour.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-t5Pj4CXSoTM/WPjo43INb8I/AAAAAAAACx4/QNu-HAa5uiYN5c9ZRVnXHMjZtT9IUHOJgCLcB/s1600/Daniel%2BSmith%2BHarris.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-t5Pj4CXSoTM/WPjo43INb8I/AAAAAAAACx4/QNu-HAa5uiYN5c9ZRVnXHMjZtT9IUHOJgCLcB/s400/Daniel%2BSmith%2BHarris.jpg" width="295" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Daniel Smith Harris (1808-1893).&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Judy Kerr, Ashland, Oregon.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sarah and Daniel were married on August 25, 1851, probably in Galena, Illinois, where Daniel lived with his five children by a prior wife.&nbsp; Although Sarah was a birth-right Quaker, and it was said that "[...] her whole life would prove a testimony to Quaker beliefs [...]", there is no indication that Daniel was a Quaker or that they married according to Quaker tradition.&nbsp; (Oestreich, Winter 1999, 2.)&nbsp; In fact, Quaker records indicate that prior to Sarah leaving Chester County, Pennsylvania, to join her sister Esther in Ohio, Sarah was disowned by the Fallowfield Monthly Meeting for "absenting herself from religious communion with Friends."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sarah's husband, Daniel Smith Harris, was one of thirteen children born to James and Abigail Bathrick Harris at Kortright Station, Delaware County, New York.&nbsp;He was born on July 24, 1808,the sixth of their children and the first son.&nbsp; Eight years later, the Harris family moved to Cincinnati,&nbsp;Ohio, where James eventually found it difficult to support his family.&nbsp; In 1823, he decided to join the Moses Meeker colony to the Fever River lead mines near Galena, Illinois, and took his fifteen-year-old son Daniel with him.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Daniel rejoiced in the adventure of traveling by river on the <em>Colonel Bomford</em>&nbsp; keelboat along the Ohio River and then the Mississippi.&nbsp; Once on the Mississippi, Daniel took note of the swifter steamboat <em>Virginia </em>which quickly overtook the keelboat as it plied its way ahead.&nbsp; This sight began his interest in steamboats and a career on the Mississippi River that would make him famous.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">A year after beginning work at the lead mines, three of Daniel's younger brothers joined him and his father on a farm James had purchased for the family.&nbsp; They industriously worked to produce vegetables and other crops that were in great demand by the local mining community, making a prosperous living from that alone.&nbsp; Daniel and his brother, Scribe, continued, however, to work the mines and one Sunday they happened upon an old deserted mine shaft that contained one of the richest leads ever found in the area.&nbsp; They named the mine West Diggings and ultimately removed 4,000,000 pounds of mineral that made and kept them wealthy their entire lives.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TExNA9_ckVo/WPjvJKgz-fI/AAAAAAAACyI/f33g4joWy7QbvPPwBR4couCq17fw-03dQCLcB/s1600/Lead%2BSmelter%2B1850%2Bgalena%2Bmining%2Bassoc..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="277" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TExNA9_ckVo/WPjvJKgz-fI/AAAAAAAACyI/f33g4joWy7QbvPPwBR4couCq17fw-03dQCLcB/s400/Lead%2BSmelter%2B1850%2Bgalena%2Bmining%2Bassoc..jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Lead smelter at the Galena mines.&nbsp; Source of image: Mining History Association.&nbsp; Visit</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">their web site at <a href="http://www.mininghistoryassociation.org/GalenaHistory.htm">http://www.mininghistoryassociation.org/GalenaHistory.htm</a> for additional</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">mining photos and an article titled "History of the Upper Mississippi Valley Zinc-Lead Mining District."</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Daniel's success and aggressive ambition attracted the attention of Captain David G. Bates, a steamboat captain who transported lead from the Galena area on the upper Mississippi to St. Louis, Missouri.&nbsp; He offered Daniel a position in the pilot house&nbsp;as cub-pilot of the steamboat <em>Galena </em>in 1829 and a year later took on Daniel's brother Scribe as an assistant engineer.&nbsp; This fortuitous happenstance laid the groundwork for Daniel's and Scribe's later steamboat design and building activities and Daniel's&nbsp;career as a steamboat Captain.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">By the time Daniel met and married Sarah Coates in 1851, he had amassed sufficient wealth to indulge his passion for steamboat design and&nbsp;construction and also, in 1855, &nbsp;provide a large home in Galena, called The Steamboat House, for their growing family.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-inQzYxD7vG4/WPjyL6LYdqI/AAAAAAAACyU/JziUDwf-Rogv1HyvmFjBH1qMFGVBB8hXwCLcB/s1600/bed-breakfast-galena-steamboat%2Bhouse.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-inQzYxD7vG4/WPjyL6LYdqI/AAAAAAAACyU/JziUDwf-Rogv1HyvmFjBH1qMFGVBB8hXwCLcB/s400/bed-breakfast-galena-steamboat%2Bhouse.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The Steamboat House.&nbsp; Source of image: web site for The Steamboat House B&amp;B at</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.thesteamboathouse.com/history.html">http://www.thesteamboathouse.com/history.html</a>. </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">While Sarah pursued her interests in homeopathic medicine, anatomy, hygiene, physiology and women's rights, as well as raising a growing family and entertaining on behalf of social causes and for their own pleasure, Daniel built and piloted a variety of steamboats on the Mississippi, always striving to produce the fastest and most efficient.&nbsp; He seldom piloted a single steamboat for more than a year or two, always building or purchasing new ones to test their speed and competitive edge on the river.&nbsp; His competitive tendencies were renowned and his competition with the Minnesota Packet Company, which continued for years, almost ruined them both.&nbsp; This finally resulted in Daniel being asked to join the Packet Company. This did not, however, reduce his competitive drive to pilot the fastest steamboat on the river.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The first fast boat Daniel built was called the <em>War Eagle</em>.&nbsp; Completed in 1845 before he met Sarah, it remained the fastest steamboat on the upper Mississippi for five years, setting a record from Galena to St. Louis.&nbsp; Ten years later, in 1855, Daniel brought out the <em>Grey Eagle </em>which he had built in Cincinnati with his own money at a cost of $60,000.&nbsp; (This amount converts to $1,568,365.96 in 2016 dollars.)&nbsp; It was aboard the Grey Eagle that Daniel's most notable exploit took place.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">When the trans-Atlantic telegraph cable was installed in 1858, newspapers and the populace eagerly anticipated the first cable transmission from England.&nbsp; This came in the form of a telegraph message from Queen Victoria that reached Dubuque, Iowa, on August 16th.&nbsp; There were no telegraph&nbsp; lines from the Atlantic seaboard to St. Paul and the Mississippi River towns in Minnesota at the time, making these communities reliant on the steamboat to bring them the news.&nbsp; Daniel Smith Harris resolved to be the first to deliver this news to St. Paul as Captain of the <em>Grey Eagle</em>.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Q2Kx4SpgKys/WPj4F4UismI/AAAAAAAACyk/AQeT182ptkoSPABPgL706ZmsI_9dJ7dDACLcB/s1600/Atlantic_cable_Map%2Bwikimedia%2Bcommons.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="160" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Q2Kx4SpgKys/WPj4F4UismI/AAAAAAAACyk/AQeT182ptkoSPABPgL706ZmsI_9dJ7dDACLcB/s400/Atlantic_cable_Map%2Bwikimedia%2Bcommons.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">1858 map of the route of the trans-Atlantic cable from England to the United States.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Source of image:&nbsp; Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div>Harris set out from Dunlith at 8:30 a.m. on August 17th carrying copies of Dubuque and Galena newspapers that contained the message from Queen Victoria.&nbsp; The steamboat <em>Itasca</em>, piloted by Captain David Whitten, had left nine hours earlier for the same purpose.&nbsp; With extra fuel aboard and despite making some deliveries along the way, the <em>Grey Eagle</em> traveled one hundred and fifty miles by 9:30 p.m., cutting Whitten's lead by almost two-thirds.&nbsp; Delivering papers to the towns along the way by slowing the <em>Grey Eagle</em> enough to throw them ashore, Daniel managed to catch up with the <em>Itasca</em> about one mile from St. Paul.&nbsp; Captain Whitten, by this time, perceived what Daniel was trying to do and the two steamboats essentially "raced" toward St. Paul with the <em>Grey Eagle</em> soon pulling alongside the <em>Itasca</em>.&nbsp; Whitten's boat, however, had the inside track and pulled into the wharf first.&nbsp; While the crew of the <em>Itasca</em> was occupied with tying up and getting ready to unload the papers they carried, the <em>Grey Eagle</em> pulled alongside with a deck hand on a swinging stage carrying a number of newspapers.&nbsp;&nbsp;These he flung to one of Daniel's agents on the dock.&nbsp; The news reached St. Paul before papers from the Itasca could be delivered ashore.&nbsp; With the speed of the <em>Grey Eagle</em> and fast thinking , Daniel had won what became known as "The Race of the <em>Grey Eagle</em>."<br /><br />The <em>Grey Eagle</em> had given Captain Daniel Smith Harris the "victory" of his lifetime&nbsp;but it would soon be his undoing.&nbsp; On May 9, 1861, Daniel was piloting the <em>Grey Eagle</em> when it crashed into a pier of the Rock Island Bridge and sank in twenty feet of water.&nbsp; Some of the people aboard drowned and several were injured.&nbsp; This was Daniel's only accident in his thirty-two year career on the river but the incident and the&nbsp;loss of the <em>Grey Eagle</em> devastated him, resulting in his retirement from river activity.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-68pfRMWT1wE/WPj8j6eXNxI/AAAAAAAACyw/mR-CuAVtgNUDXc_H8j7SDLvlsSublLnIwCLcB/s1600/Grey%2BEagle%2Bsteamboat%2Bnewpaper%2Bphoto.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="227" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-68pfRMWT1wE/WPj8j6eXNxI/AAAAAAAACyw/mR-CuAVtgNUDXc_H8j7SDLvlsSublLnIwCLcB/s400/Grey%2BEagle%2Bsteamboat%2Bnewpaper%2Bphoto.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Old newspaper clipping showing the <em>Grey Eagle</em>.&nbsp; Source of image: Iowa History Project.</span></div><br />Daniel Smith Harris returned to his mining business and related activities after he left the river.&nbsp; He and Sarah raised Daniel's children by his first wife plus had seven more of their own, two of whom died in infancy.&nbsp; Theirs was a busy household that often hosted people of note such as Ulysses S. Grant and Susan B. Anthony.&nbsp; Sarah passed away in 1886, leaving Daniel to live on without her until his death in 1893.&nbsp; He is buried with Sarah in Galena, Illinois, at the Greenwood Cemetery.<br /><br />Sources:<br /><br />Ancestry.com census and Quaker Meeting records.<br /><br />Merrick, George Byron.&nbsp; <em>Old Times on the Upper Mississippi, The Recollections of a Steamboat Pilot from 1854 to 1863.&nbsp; </em>Cleveland:&nbsp; The Arthur H. Clark Col, 1909.<br /><br />Oestreich, Kathryn.&nbsp; "Sarah Coates Harris: A Woman of History" in <em>Miner's Journal</em> Published by the Galena/Jo Daviess County Historical Society, Winter and Spring, 1999.<br /><br />Petersen, William J.&nbsp; <em>Steamboating on the Upper Mississippi</em>.&nbsp; New York: Dover Publications, 1968.<br /><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2017.</span><br /><br />Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-60736891455991039392017-03-25T12:10:00.003-07:002017-03-25T16:18:13.793-07:00Sarah Coates HarrisThis post is the first of several that will reveal the lives of people whose names appear on the <em>Esther Coates Wileman Quilt</em> introduced to you last time.&nbsp; (The long absences between these posts is indicative of the research we are conducting to fully understand the quilt and the community it represents.&nbsp; Please bear with us!)<br /><br />Sarah Coates Harris was Esther's youngest sister, born in Caln Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania, on March 7, 1824.&nbsp; Her birth was duly recorded by the Bradford Monthly Meeting and she was the last of eight children born to Quakers Samuel and Margaret Cherrington Coates between the years of 1809 and 1824.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4SRdrboTaRU/WNatpYZy3UI/AAAAAAAACwY/rCAkQ_XE2DgsEyw4P8tSv_JJXesdXEKpgCLcB/s1600/judy_sarah_coates_harris.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4SRdrboTaRU/WNatpYZy3UI/AAAAAAAACwY/rCAkQ_XE2DgsEyw4P8tSv_JJXesdXEKpgCLcB/s400/judy_sarah_coates_harris.jpg" width="332" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Sarah Coates Harris (1824-1886).&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of Judy</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Kerr, a direct descendant of the family.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sarah grew up in a large family home near Caln Station on the Pennsylvania Railroad, surrounded by rolling farm land and forests.&nbsp; Her fondness of her home is reflected in a watercolor of the house and land she painted in 1841 when she was seventeen years old.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-pmR_9gyLfAk/WNaulDNNpwI/AAAAAAAACwg/sszxr3XwUkArQHK0CkzhaVYEVCaTvqcRgCLcB/s1600/Watercolor%2Bof%2BSamuel%2Band%2BMargaret%2BCoates%2Bby%2Bdaughter%2BSarah.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="247" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-pmR_9gyLfAk/WNaulDNNpwI/AAAAAAAACwg/sszxr3XwUkArQHK0CkzhaVYEVCaTvqcRgCLcB/s400/Watercolor%2Bof%2BSamuel%2Band%2BMargaret%2BCoates%2Bby%2Bdaughter%2BSarah.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Coates house and land painted by Sarah Coates at age seventeen.&nbsp; Source of image:</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>A Genealogy of Moses and Susanna Coates who Settled in Pennsylvania in 1717</em> by </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Truman Coates, 1906.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Three years later, in November 1844, Sarah's sister Esther married Quaker Abram G. Wileman and moved to Marlboro Township, Stark County, Ohio.&nbsp; During the time leading up to this marriage, Sarah and Coates family members and friends made the quilt that Esther took with her to Ohio.&nbsp; Sarah Coates was one of the many family members named on the quilt.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-8iU5NNQq35I/WNavgte797I/AAAAAAAACwo/uHdCkSv6zHQWpIrBL4EEUPBEmUFJ2VuYwCLcB/s1600/IMG_2431.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-8iU5NNQq35I/WNavgte797I/AAAAAAAACwo/uHdCkSv6zHQWpIrBL4EEUPBEmUFJ2VuYwCLcB/s320/IMG_2431.JPG" width="255" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-j1BrP7_hWyc/WNav6gmKr1I/AAAAAAAACws/0Ux6CD5EqfUjAo06fzxEnKokgN6aHRJigCLcB/s1600/6E.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-j1BrP7_hWyc/WNav6gmKr1I/AAAAAAAACws/0Ux6CD5EqfUjAo06fzxEnKokgN6aHRJigCLcB/s640/6E.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Badly faded inscription with the name Sarah Coates on the <em>Esther Coates Wileman Quilt</em>.&nbsp; </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photograph by Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sarah, herself, moved to Ohio either with Esther or about the same time that Esther's marriage took her there.&nbsp; According to an article about Sarah in the <em>Miners' Journal</em> published by the Galena/Jo Daviess County Historical Society in Illinois, she spent her early twenties in Ohio where she cultivated her interest in physiology, by enrolling in a lecture series on the topic at the&nbsp;Marlboro Ladies Academy during 1849-1850, natural history, through extensive reading, and the women's movement and its belief in the equality of women.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sarah appeared with in-law Elizabeth Wileman and other representatives from Marlboro at the Salem, Ohio 1850 Women's Rights Convention after calls to attend were published over their names in the <em>Anti-Slavery Bugle</em> and the Salem<em> Homestead Journal</em> during March and April, 1850.&nbsp; The call read, in part: "The undersigned earnestly call on the Women of Ohio to meet them in Convention on Friday, the 19th day of April next, at 10 o'clock, A.M., in the town of Salem, to concert measures to secure to all persons the recognition of Equal Rights, and the extension of the privileges of Government without distinction of sex or color."&nbsp; (Later in life, Sarah presided over a Woman's&nbsp; Suffrage Convention in her home in Galena, Illinois, that featured Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Dj8Gvac4ZOI/WNaz6oywdPI/AAAAAAAACw4/N-y1KEBNxB0YZNHw6qWk7s8RgK3xTq0ZwCLcB/s1600/754px-Riverboats_at_Memphis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="317" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Dj8Gvac4ZOI/WNaz6oywdPI/AAAAAAAACw4/N-y1KEBNxB0YZNHw6qWk7s8RgK3xTq0ZwCLcB/s400/754px-Riverboats_at_Memphis.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mississippi River steamboats.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp;Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sarah began giving public lectures about physiology, anatomy, and hygiene as part of her interests in these subjects.&nbsp; It was on a river steamboat traveling between St. Louis and St. Paul on one of her lecture tours that she met the wealthy widower Captain Daniel Smith Harris.&nbsp; (Much more will be written about Daniel Smith Harris next time.)&nbsp; They married in 1851 and she moved to Galena, Illinois, to become the mother of his five young children by his prior wife.&nbsp; There, they built, in 1855, an elegant home they named The Steamboat House and produced seven children of their own, two of whom died in infancy.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-MtYlGA9S1cQ/WNa1TrsoX_I/AAAAAAAACxE/NZzjWXEHKrI86TjeWdCzWiwmWpyC-brpwCLcB/s1600/8341_Exterior-of-The-Steamboat-House.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-MtYlGA9S1cQ/WNa1TrsoX_I/AAAAAAAACxE/NZzjWXEHKrI86TjeWdCzWiwmWpyC-brpwCLcB/s400/8341_Exterior-of-The-Steamboat-House.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The Steamboat House in Galena, Illinois.&nbsp; Former residence of Daniel and Sarah Coates</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Harris, currently an historic B&amp;B.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp; Galena Jo Daviess County web site.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sarah and Daniel raised their ten surviving children in The Steamboat House which has three floors, 7,000 square feet, nine bedrooms, seven bathrooms, and seven fireplaces.&nbsp;Sarah's interest in botany produced fifty varieties of roses nurtured in the conservatory of the house, and beneath it runs a tunnel used to hide fugitives on the Underground Railroad until they could be moved north to Canada.&nbsp; Their home also served as a place for entertaining and receptions were given there for General Ulysses S. Grant, Susan B. Anthony, and British physician Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman to be given a medical degree in the United States.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-CxZUCjKoHMQ/WNa2xo7_eYI/AAAAAAAACxQ/XIoBOpSapgI_xXJZFoYtxRX3QYB4B9B0QCLcB/s1600/Elizabeth_Blackwell%2Bwikimedia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-CxZUCjKoHMQ/WNa2xo7_eYI/AAAAAAAACxQ/XIoBOpSapgI_xXJZFoYtxRX3QYB4B9B0QCLcB/s400/Elizabeth_Blackwell%2Bwikimedia.jpg" width="293" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Elizabeth Blackwell (181-1910).&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp; Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">According to a guest who visited the Harris home, Sarah was "[...] a noble woman, tall, fine-looking who moves about among her household gods like a queen.&nbsp; Although she has a large family of black-eyed rosy-cheeked children, pictures, statuary, a cabinet of rare minerals, a conservatory of beautiful plants, and a husband who thinks her little lower than the angels, she still demands the right to vote, and occasionally indulges in the luxury of public speaking.&nbsp; She is the moving spirit in every step of progress in Galena."&nbsp; (Oestreich, Winter 1999, 6.)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/--_Du2sp063s/WNa3-QsECMI/AAAAAAAACxc/-Dtb1i3vmQkky1x30J-FdrpiugH1soPCACLcB/s1600/old%2BHahnemann%2BMedical%2BCollege%2Bwikimedia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/--_Du2sp063s/WNa3-QsECMI/AAAAAAAACxc/-Dtb1i3vmQkky1x30J-FdrpiugH1soPCACLcB/s400/old%2BHahnemann%2BMedical%2BCollege%2Bwikimedia.jpg" width="342" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Hahnemann Medical&nbsp; College, Chicago.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp; Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sarah had attended many medical lectures and had practiced homeopathic medicine for five years before entering Hahnemann Medical College in Chicago in 1878, graduating with a M.D. the following year.&nbsp; Her past training and experience were accepted as the equivalent of a year of lectures at the medical school, enabling her to graduate in just one year.&nbsp; She set up a medical office contingent with her home only to find that the State Board of Health would not give her a certificate to practice medicine in Illinois without passing a Board of Health examination.&nbsp; Such an examination was required of any medical school graduates who had not attended two full years of lectures at their medical school.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Newspapers and citizens reacted in Sarah's favor and she, too, wrote in the public media about&nbsp;the circumstances and unfairness she was being subjected to. An article in <em>The Daily</em> newspaper on July 23, 1879 had this to say about Sarah's public rebuttal to the State Board of Health:&nbsp; "Mrs. Sarah Coates Harris, of Galena, Ill., who has been debarred from medical practices under her Hahnemann College diploma by the State Board of Health, defends herself in a very lively article, which, whatever her medical attainments may be, show that she is amply qualified to hold her own in a wordy argument.&nbsp; In Fact, from the way she quotes law and hurls English, the <em>Inter Ocean</em> [a Chicago newspaper being quoted] fancies&nbsp; that she has mistaken her calling, and that her place is at the bar or on the lecture forum."&nbsp; It turns out that Sarah was never disbarred, as stated above, but instead subjected herself to the State Board of Health examination and passed it with the highest grade ever granted by that organization.&nbsp; She opened her medical office and practiced medicine in Galena for the rest of her life.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sarah passed away on February 22, 1886 at The Steamboat House.&nbsp; She was sixty-one years, eleven months, and ten days old at the time. Her cause of death was cancer.&nbsp; Sarah's obituary reported that she had left behind her husband, Daniel, four married daughters, and a seventeen-year-old son.&nbsp; She was buried at Greenwood&nbsp; Cemetery, Galena, Illinois.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5sBETpOA5tg/WNa7n36EFwI/AAAAAAAACxo/WUid3weAvHYL8y9S6Dsqoc0Q4Xc3dupNQCLcB/s1600/Sarah%2Btombstone.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5sBETpOA5tg/WNa7n36EFwI/AAAAAAAACxo/WUid3weAvHYL8y9S6Dsqoc0Q4Xc3dupNQCLcB/s400/Sarah%2Btombstone.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The tombstone of Sarah Coates and Daniel Harris, Greenwood Cemetery, Galena,</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Illinois.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp; <a href="http://www.findagrave.com/">www.findagrave.com</a>. </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Our heart-felt thanks to Judy Kerr for providing archival sources for much of this post.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ancestry.com Quaker Meeting Records.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Audretsch, Robert W. (ed.).&nbsp; <em>The Salem, Ohio 1850 Women's Rights Convention Proceedings</em>.&nbsp; Salem, OH: Salem Area Bicentennial Committee &amp; Salem Public Library, 1965.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Coates, Truman.&nbsp;<em> A Genealogy of Moses and Susanna Coates who Settled in Pennsylvania in 1717. </em>Compiled by Truman Coates, M.D., 1906.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Nineteenth-century newspaper articles provided by Judy Kerr from her family archives.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Oestreich, Kathyrn.&nbsp; "Sarah Coates Harris: A Woman of History" in <em>Miners' Journal</em> published by the Galena/Jo Daviess County Historical Society, Winter and Spring, 1999.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Steamboat House Bed and Breakfast, Galena, IL" at <a href="http://www.thesteamboathouse.com/history.html">http://www.thesteamboathouse.com/history.html</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2017.</span><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em></em></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em></em></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-35203982649367765112017-02-24T10:32:00.000-08:002017-02-24T10:32:56.107-08:00A Serendipitous FindWe spend a lot of our time looking for Quaker quilts that we can research and write about.&nbsp; Several months ago, one such quilt "fell into our laps" when one of our blog viewers left a message on a post about Quaker causes, woman's rights, and suffrage.&nbsp; Our post lamented that there seemed to be few suffragette quilts, partially because quilt making was considered a domestic activity rather than one that represented the growing movement for woman's rights and the vote.&nbsp; The note posted by Judy Kerr said in reference to the quilt we described: "I have one in my closet."&nbsp; This was followed by her phone number.<br /><br />Lynda called her immediately and found that Judy lived in Ashland, Oregon.&nbsp; She is a direct descendant of the Coates family of Pennsylvania - a noted Quaker family based in and near Philadelphia whose male members were merchants, in the shipping business, and farmers.&nbsp; The "quilt in her closet" displays fifty-three names of family members and friends, and forty-five inscriptions, one of which is illegible.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dGuWvW09i78/WLBxKogWEyI/AAAAAAAACvQ/2RBkahSmRZIiNsCG8KiAPvGOWnTAj9Q1QCLcB/s1600/Coates%2Bquilt.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dGuWvW09i78/WLBxKogWEyI/AAAAAAAACvQ/2RBkahSmRZIiNsCG8KiAPvGOWnTAj9Q1QCLcB/s400/Coates%2Bquilt.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>The Esther Coates Quilt</em>.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of Judy Kerr.</span></div><br />The quilt measures 114 X 116 1/2 inches and is comprised of eighty-one alternating pieced and single&nbsp;fabric blocks that measure approximately 12 1/2 inches square.&nbsp; The pattern of the pieced blocks has various names cited in Barbara Brackman's <em>Encyclopedia of Pieced Quilt Patterns</em> including Grandmother's Pride, Nine Patch Checkerboard, Old Mail, The Queen's Favorite, and Checkerboard.&nbsp; (Brackman, 303.)&nbsp; The checkerboard blocks are comprised of small triangles (half squares cut on the diagonal) and 2 3/4 inch whole squares.&nbsp; The names and inscriptions are found on the center square of the checkerboard blocks.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/--BLGs2HDHCA/WLB2Z4UWFEI/AAAAAAAACvw/ZUKmxisaetoOcX62OiMW_Vu4_vowLDcjgCLcB/s1600/img646.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="310" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/--BLGs2HDHCA/WLB2Z4UWFEI/AAAAAAAACvw/ZUKmxisaetoOcX62OiMW_Vu4_vowLDcjgCLcB/s400/img646.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Block bearing an inscription of part of a poem titled "Remember Me" by Quaker</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">poetess Elizabeth Margaret Chandler (1807-1834) along with the name </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Margaret Coates.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of Judy Kerr.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The quilt was made by family and friends for Esther Coates, daughter of Samuel and Margaret Cherrington Coates of Chester County, Pennsylvania, and active members of the Bradford Monthly Meeting.&nbsp; The quilt was a gift for Esther in celebration of her marriage, in 1844, to Abram G. Wileman of Stark County, Ohio.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">During conversations about this quilt with Judy, Lynda expressed interest in seeing it in-person and transcribing the names and inscriptions displayed on it.&nbsp; It turned out that Judy had a friend who was coming to California to visit friends in a town close to where Lynda lives.&nbsp; Judy arranged for her friend to bring the quilt with her and Lynda was able to pick it up and bring it home for study.&nbsp; With Judy's permission, Lynda has had the quilt in her possession for close to three months during which she has been able to decipher all but one of the names on the quilt as well as most of the inscriptions.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">This work has revealed the quilt to be an important social and historic record.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">There is a great deal to be written about Esther, her family members, her friends in Chester and Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and the inscriptions recorded on her quilt.&nbsp; This will be forthcoming in articles, future blog posts, and perhaps eventually a book.&nbsp; For now we simply want you to know about this historic treasure that represents a time and community activities that helped shape the history of this country.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Brackman, Barbara.&nbsp; <em>Encyclopedia of Pieced Quilt Patterns</em>.&nbsp; Paducah, KY: American Quilters Society, 1984.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2017</span>﻿</div><br /><br /><br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-57051873216565455452017-01-20T13:26:00.000-08:002017-01-20T13:26:32.482-08:00Will the Real Mary Ann Dewees Please Stand Up?In one of the posts about Joy Swartz's red and white "circle" quilt, we mentioned the difficulty of precisely identifying a person named on a quilt when there are several people found to have the same name who lived in the same geographical region during a time period in which the quilt could have been made. A prior post about an inscriber named Jane Biddle posed this problem and we ended up writing about three of the Jane Biddles who may have been the one referred to on the quilt.&nbsp; Well, this situation has arisen again.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Ubt4AprAFrI/WIJp3Ymvh7I/AAAAAAAACug/2YOHqnY3wyMw0PsBozd9CXG3Ub9aQPm0QCLcB/s1600/catalog%2Bshot%2Bof%2Bquilt.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="373" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Ubt4AprAFrI/WIJp3Ymvh7I/AAAAAAAACug/2YOHqnY3wyMw0PsBozd9CXG3Ub9aQPm0QCLcB/s400/catalog%2Bshot%2Bof%2Bquilt.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The Joy Schwartz red and white "circle" quilt.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Barbara Brackman.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">One of the inscriptions on Joy's quilt is "Mary A. Dewees, Philadelphia Pa."&nbsp; We've found four most likely, possible candidates for this Mary A. Dewees.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/--REuare4jfw/WIJquZlLylI/AAAAAAAACuk/TMuxz1f06aEx7Dhm6UGE9uVoXPrFcuzLgCLcB/s1600/Block%2B7G.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/--REuare4jfw/WIJquZlLylI/AAAAAAAACuk/TMuxz1f06aEx7Dhm6UGE9uVoXPrFcuzLgCLcB/s640/Block%2B7G.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Block inscribed with the name "Mary A. Dewees" and the city of "Philadelphia, Pa."</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photograph by Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The first candidate was born on January 11, 1812 in Chester County, Pennsylvania, to William and Deborah Hoopes Dewees.&nbsp; The birth of this Mary Dewees was recorded by the Bradford Monthly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends in Chester County.&nbsp; No records of her whereabouts could be found until she married a&nbsp;man named Robert Hall on November 23, 1848 at the Chesterfield Monthly Meeting in Athens, Ohio.&nbsp; She later married a man named Robert Miller in Columbiana County, Ohio, on October 25, 1867.&nbsp; She was fifty-five years old at the time.&nbsp; Quaker records show that she attended the Sandy Springs Monthly Meeting in Hanover Township, Columbiana County, Ohio, and the census of 1880 refers to her as Mary H. Miller living with her husband Robert in Salem, Ohio. Mary died at age eighty-five on August 13, 1897 in Berks County, Pennsylvania according to a record of the Exeter Monthly Meeting.&nbsp; So far as could be determined, Mary never lived in Philadelphia, the city name inscribed on her block.&nbsp; </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The only two dates on Joy's quilt are 1848 and 1867.&nbsp; Mary was living in Ohio in 1848, the year she married Robert Hall, and was still in Ohio in 1867 when she married Robert Miller.&nbsp; We don't know when all the blocks of Joy's quilt were made because it seems to have been added to generationally.&nbsp; It appears that this Mary A. Dewees lived most of her life in Ohio after leaving Pennsylvania (date unknown).&nbsp;This does not exclude her from having inscribed the block that bears her name sometime before she moved to Ohio and married in 1848.&nbsp; Without evidence that she had once lived in Philadelphia, however, the case for her having inscribed the block is greatly weakened.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">A second candidate for the "real" Mary A. Dewees was born December 11, 1818 in Philadelphia to Dr. William Potts Dewees and his wife Mary Lorain Dewees.&nbsp; This Mary's father was a prominent physician on the faculty of the University of Pennsylvania, holding the position of Professor of Obstetrics and Chair of Obstetrics from 1834 to 1841.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DwlWxnxUk9A/WIJwfh8qc-I/AAAAAAAACuw/Wq9k7UAdG84d2YvCQH7aqusBncxJK72CACLcB/s1600/Foliage_at_Penn_2005_035.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DwlWxnxUk9A/WIJwfh8qc-I/AAAAAAAACuw/Wq9k7UAdG84d2YvCQH7aqusBncxJK72CACLcB/s400/Foliage_at_Penn_2005_035.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Entrance to one of the quads at the University of Pennsylvania.&nbsp; Source of image:</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ar107Rt3ACw/WIJw4Wd8koI/AAAAAAAACu0/9S3cTaIJ0zItCb4N8BrZCo9Kg11U8hpIgCLcB/s1600/Dr.%2BWilliam%2BPotts%2BDewees%2Bwikimedia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ar107Rt3ACw/WIJw4Wd8koI/AAAAAAAACu0/9S3cTaIJ0zItCb4N8BrZCo9Kg11U8hpIgCLcB/s640/Dr.%2BWilliam%2BPotts%2BDewees%2Bwikimedia.jpg" width="497" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Dr. William Potts Dewees circa 1833 by artist John Neagle (1799-1865).&nbsp;&nbsp; This portrait hangs in</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp;Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Dr. Dewees published three important books during the 1820s, each of which went to ten editions.&nbsp; These were <em>System of Midwifery</em> (1824), <em>Treatise on the Physical and Medical Treatment of Children</em> (1825), and <em>Treatise on the Diseases of Females</em> (1826).&nbsp; He is described in American Medical Biographies as a "[. . .] Philadelphian obstetrician [that] was so famous that no parturient woman of the time considered herself safe in other hands."&nbsp; Dr. Dewees., born in 1768, passed away in 1841.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Dr. Dewees and his wife, Mary, had nine children between 1803 and 1823,&nbsp;their daughter Mary Ann Dewees being the next to the last.&nbsp; She became the second wife of Charles William Ogden from New York City in 1843 and had five children by him.&nbsp; Their only son, Dewees Ogden, fought in the Civil War and died in July of 1863 from wounds inflicted at Gettysburg.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">It appears that Mary Ann and Charles lived in New York City some or all of the time after they were married.&nbsp; Charles died in Manhattan in 1859.&nbsp; Mary died in Brooklyn on August 29, 1861 and is buried at Green Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-St9qpia9XgI/WIJ0UtP3lJI/AAAAAAAACu4/TtGLR5aZ014lMJ4yFXDHyBqYGsaVkzVwwCLcB/s1600/2015_Hezekiah_Pierrepont_Memorial_1%2BGreen%2BWood%2BCemetery%2Bwikimedia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="290" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-St9qpia9XgI/WIJ0UtP3lJI/AAAAAAAACu4/TtGLR5aZ014lMJ4yFXDHyBqYGsaVkzVwwCLcB/s400/2015_Hezekiah_Pierrepont_Memorial_1%2BGreen%2BWood%2BCemetery%2Bwikimedia.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Hezekiah Pierrepont Memorial in Green Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Source of image: Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">If Mary Ann Dewees Ogden is the Mary whose name appears on Joy's quilt, her block would have been inscribed prior to her marriage in 1842 while she was still unmarried and living in Philadelphia.&nbsp; It is possible that this Mary is the "real" Mary but, not yet knowing what the people named on the quilt had in common, it is not possible to say for sure.&nbsp; Most of the people on the quilt seem to be German Baptists and Lutherans.&nbsp; Mary was Roman Catholic so religion is unlikely to be the common thread.&nbsp; Also, this Mary was from a wealthy, prominent Philadelphia family while the others identified so far were from middle class families and most lived outside of Philadelphia.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">This brings us to the third and fourth candidates for Mary A. Dewees.&nbsp; The third was the daughter of John and Mary Boyer Dewees, born in Philadelphia in 1822.&nbsp; In 1842, this Mary's brother, Jacob Dilworth Dewees, married another Mary Dewees (parents unknown) born in Pennsylvania in 1813.&nbsp; </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Census records indicate that Jacob was a farmer and that the couple lived in Philadelphia.&nbsp; They had three children: Sarah H. in 1847; Franklin in 1850; and, Mary Annie in 1853.&nbsp; Both Jacob and Mary lived into old age and were listed in the 1900 U.S. Census as being eighty-six and eighty-seven respectively.&nbsp; Both are buried at Cedar Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lUea4T-ArrA/WIJ3t_vdEYI/AAAAAAAACu8/qpfSbia85j8Pe6T1kR6-hj_r4bIk8UyxwCLcB/s1600/img638.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="262" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lUea4T-ArrA/WIJ3t_vdEYI/AAAAAAAACu8/qpfSbia85j8Pe6T1kR6-hj_r4bIk8UyxwCLcB/s400/img638.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The Cedar Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia.&nbsp; Source of image:</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.findagrave.com/">www.findagrave.com</a>.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The reason that Jacob's wife Mary might be the "Mary A. Dewees" inscribed on Joy's quilt is her relationship to Jacob's sister.&nbsp; However, Jacob's sister (her sister-in-law) is an even stronger&nbsp; candidate because she points to other relationships between people named on the quilt.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">One ancestry.com record indicates that Jacob's sister, Mary A. Dewees, married a man named Henry Day.&nbsp; (No record of this marriage or its date has yet been found.)&nbsp; There are two members of the Day family named on the quilt: Margaret Day and Lititia Day.&nbsp; Both of these women are the daughters of Samuel W. Day and his wife Rachel Haas.&nbsp; They lived in Norristown, Pennsylvania, about six miles from Philadelphia.&nbsp; In addition, the central block of Joy's quilt is inscribed with a drawing and a verse dedicated to Eliza Faringer.&nbsp; This block is inscribed by Augusta Haas.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Finding potential familial connections on the quilt between Mary A. Dewees Day, the daughters of Samuel W. Day, Rachel Haas Day, and Augusta Haas makes the Mary A. Dewees who married Henry Day a strong candidate to be the "real" Mary A. Dewees.&nbsp; More research into these families and their possible connections is needed to come to a conclusion, one way or the other, but it is an important start and illustrates the amount of family research needed and the process of elimination required to identify people whose names are inscribed on nineteenth century quilts.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Selected Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">ancestry.com census, Public Member Tree, Quaker Meeting, North American Family Histories, and other ancestry data bases.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Busey, John W. and Travis W. Busey.&nbsp; <em>Confederate Casualties at Gettysburg, A Comprehensive Record,</em> 4 Vols.&nbsp; Jefferson, NC: Mac Farland &amp; Co., 2017.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Kelly, Howard A. and Walter L. Burrage, eds.&nbsp; "Dewees, William Potts" in <em>American Medical Biographies. </em>Baltimore: The Norman, Remington Company, 1920.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>The Dewees Family, Genealogical Data, Biographical Facts and Historical Information Collected by Mrs. Philip E. LaMunyan.</em>&nbsp; E. Roberts, ed.&nbsp; Norristown, PA: William M Roberts, 1905.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.findagrave.com/">www.findagrave.com</a> web site.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2017.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-40107340323367708082016-12-31T10:04:00.000-08:002016-12-31T10:04:41.750-08:00"Boots on the Ground" ReprisedWe have recently been asked what some of the most important factors are in revealing and telling the stories that are represented by the names and inscriptions on inscribed quilts.&nbsp; Much of the work is done on the&nbsp;computer using genealogical web sites, family histories, public record data, and information provided by others who have researched&nbsp;and written about the families in question.&nbsp; However, the most useful and informative way to discover the lives of people whose names are inscribed on quilts is by walking the ground they walked, visiting the homes they lived in (if they still exist), seeing the communities in which they lived and died - all of these activities bring into better focus their stories.&nbsp; <br /><br />As researchers, one on the west coast and the other in Virginia,&nbsp;we are usually far away from the towns and communities represented by the people named on Quaker quilts.&nbsp; This is especially true in Lynda's case who found the concept of "boots on the ground" particularly useful in researching the people and places named on Philena Cooper Hambleton's quilt.<br /><br />What follows is one of our posts from 2012 that describes the benefits of finding others who are willing to help you discover the intimacy of places you are unable to visit and to shed light on the lives you are researching.<br /><br /><div align="center">******************﻿</div><br />"When asked what I think are the most valuable research tools I've come across, I always answer Tina Frantz and Pat Rowell.&nbsp; These two remarkable women contributed more to my research into Philena Cooper Hambleton's family and life than any other sources available to me.&nbsp; I highly recommend to any of you who are trying to research a signature quilt, whether Quaker or not, to seek the help of willing "boots on the ground" - people who live in the geographical areas of your quilt's inscribers.&nbsp; They can do leg work you cannot do from your home, and discover information you will never find in books or on the Internet.<br /><br />When you find someone willing to assist you, be aware that research usually involves costs.&nbsp; Always ask about charges or fees before formally requesting research work of others.&nbsp; It is a fair expectation that you will have to pay someone for time spent searching files, copying documents, and mailing.&nbsp; This is just good research etiquette. Sometimes all that is asked is a donation to an organization in whatever amount you wish to pay.&nbsp; And sometimes fees are waived altogether, particularly if&nbsp; there is a potential for a scholarly publication or presentation that will bring positive publicity to the research provider.<br /><br />I became acquainted with Tina Frantz in 2002 when I first ventured to Columbiana County, Ohio.&nbsp; She was recommended to me by the owners of the B&amp;B where my husband and I stayed just outside of Lisbon.&nbsp; On our first trip, Tina referred me by phone to local historical societies and libraries where I might find records I was seeking.&nbsp; In 2004, when we returned to Lisbon, Tina spent three days with us in her SUV negotiating flood-ravaged roads to take us to cemeteries, old houses, open land, and archives pertinent to the lives of the people named on Philena's quilt.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iYq12fgtUdE/WGbf3rkGVjI/AAAAAAAACtc/Ov5dY7gREukLXiPd7jux89RU8OB8mH55ACLcB/s1600/Lynda%2Bquilt%2BTina%2B001.tif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="260" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iYq12fgtUdE/WGbf3rkGVjI/AAAAAAAACtc/Ov5dY7gREukLXiPd7jux89RU8OB8mH55ACLcB/s400/Lynda%2Bquilt%2BTina%2B001.tif" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Lynda and Tina Frantz "showing" Philena's quilt to past members of the Dutton</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">family, including Philena's sister-in-law Rachel Hambleton Dutton.&nbsp; Dutton Family </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Cemetery, McCann Road, Hanover Township, Columbiana County, Ohio, 2004.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photograph by Theodore H. Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tdnekf_RGFk/WGbguMADdzI/AAAAAAAACtk/Btt3lTlPQas1VwHAO06BX1C_9YZVY-uegCLcB/s1600/Tina%2Band%2BTed%2BKing%2BCemetery%2B001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="258" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tdnekf_RGFk/WGbguMADdzI/AAAAAAAACtk/Btt3lTlPQas1VwHAO06BX1C_9YZVY-uegCLcB/s400/Tina%2Band%2BTed%2BKing%2BCemetery%2B001.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Tina Frantz and Theodore H. Chenoweth using chalk to highlight the names on a</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">tombstone where the children of William and Hannah King Ward are buried.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">King Family Cemetery, McCann Road, Butler Township, Columbiana County, Ohio, 2004.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photograph by Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-dubHIeZGWfw/WGbhbOG0rbI/AAAAAAAACts/Xe8zJBODP9IiJqdA5eZ6drLz0qfy0IJNACLcB/s1600/Tin%2Band%2BLynda%2BSandy%2BSpring%2Bcemetery%2B001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="263" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-dubHIeZGWfw/WGbhbOG0rbI/AAAAAAAACts/Xe8zJBODP9IiJqdA5eZ6drLz0qfy0IJNACLcB/s400/Tin%2Band%2BLynda%2BSandy%2BSpring%2Bcemetery%2B001.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Tina Frantz and Lynda examining the names on tombstones rolled by vandals down</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">the hill from the Sandy Spring Meeting cemetery outside of Hanoverton, Ohio, 2004.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photograph by Theodore H. Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Tina not only knows the "ground" of Columbiana County but has long worked with the Ohio Genealogical Society, local historical societies, and county offices to develop historical information about the early residents of this part of Ohio.&nbsp; Through her "day job" working with the county court in Lisbon, she has access to 19th century legal records.&nbsp; These include wills, land purchases and transfers, cases heard before the Court of Common Pleas, probate records, suits, and other legal transactions that she has graciously searched for me outside of work hours.&nbsp; Of particular interest to me have been the 19th century probate records related to the settlement of estates.&nbsp; These provide an inventory of every item owned by the deceased and, when sold at the traditional "crying sale", an account of who bought each item and how much was paid for it.&nbsp; I have urged Tina to co-author an article on probate records with me - titled something like "Probate Records are a Gas!!" - because these records give such insight into the personal lives of people and also show, through recorded purchases, relationships with neighbors and family members who bought items from the estate.&nbsp; One day we just may do it.&nbsp; [Although this has not happened as of 2017.]</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">I found Pat Rowell by chance one day while trying to follow up on some vague information about where most of the Hambletons were buried.&nbsp; Pat volunteers at the Poweshiek County Historical and Genealogical Society in Montezuma, Iowa, performing research for members of the public seeking information about their families or just interested in the history of the area.&nbsp; Pat volunteered to visit local Quaker cemeteries for me to see if she could find the graves of Philena, her husband Osborn, and other immediate members of the Hambleton family. Find them she did at the Friends Cemetery just outside of Lynnville, Iowa, in Jasper County!</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-7jNUIt4wmeI/WGbk-_HyZMI/AAAAAAAACt4/9PczNc8lbBgFplUqUGo7fGOiiV8CtVuCQCLcB/s1600/Pat%2BRowell%2BFriends%2BCemetery%2B001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-7jNUIt4wmeI/WGbk-_HyZMI/AAAAAAAACt4/9PczNc8lbBgFplUqUGo7fGOiiV8CtVuCQCLcB/s400/Pat%2BRowell%2BFriends%2BCemetery%2B001.jpg" width="391" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Pat Rowell standing&nbsp;next to one of several Hambleton tombstones located in</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">the Friends Cemetery, Lynnville, Jasper County, Iowa.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Pat Rowell.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UDHci7Gy1I4/WGbluRrj5nI/AAAAAAAACuA/vEvn360-UScq2LyBZsygPDeWMZ0ujToFwCLcB/s1600/Poweshiek%2BCo.%2BHistorical%2BSociety%2B001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="258" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UDHci7Gy1I4/WGbluRrj5nI/AAAAAAAACuA/vEvn360-UScq2LyBZsygPDeWMZ0ujToFwCLcB/s400/Poweshiek%2BCo.%2BHistorical%2BSociety%2B001.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Poweshiek County Historical and Genealogical Society in Montezuma, Iowa.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photography by Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Pat them volunteered to comb through the files of the Poweshiek County Historical and Genealogical Society looking for items related to the Hambletons and their in-laws, the Cravers.&nbsp; She found Osborn Hambleton;s probate records, several articles in various publication about Hambleton family members as Iowa pioneers, old land maps with properties identified by owner names, obituaries about Hambleton family members, an article about the anti-slavery society founded by Osborn and Philena at Forest Home, and a wealth of other information.&nbsp; We were able to find the house that Philena and Osborn built in 1855 using the maps, and all of these sources helped to bring the Hambletons' lives in Iowa into biographical focus.&nbsp; My greatest regret is that I was unable to meet Pat in-person when we traveled to Iowa after visiting Ohio in 2004.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-W8vBYLET_bc/WGbnYAaAqeI/AAAAAAAACuM/sNVGxrjbg0MBAqYzbwFxgR-5FNFwsIqrgCLcB/s1600/Lynda%2Bat%2BLynnville%2BCemetery%2B001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-W8vBYLET_bc/WGbnYAaAqeI/AAAAAAAACuM/sNVGxrjbg0MBAqYzbwFxgR-5FNFwsIqrgCLcB/s400/Lynda%2Bat%2BLynnville%2BCemetery%2B001.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Lynda in front of the stone marking the graves of Osborn, Philena, and Lorilla Hambleton.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Friends Cemetery, Lynnville, Jasper County, Iowa, 2004.&nbsp; Photograph by&nbsp; </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Theodore H. Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">So, how do you find wonderful people like Tina and Pat to help you with your research?&nbsp; The easiest way is to contact historical societies in the cities, towns, or counties where you know quilt inscribers lived.&nbsp; This can be done by searching the Internet for historical societies in a particular area (i.e., Ithaca Historical Society, Columbiana County Historical Society, Chester County Historical Society).&nbsp; You usually don't have to know the society's exact name to find them.&nbsp; If a relevant society does not have its own web site or email address, you will usually find at least a street address and telephone number that you can use to contact it.&nbsp; Then call or write asking if they have any volunteers who are available to assist you find local records or visit local&nbsp;cemeteries.&nbsp; You will be surprised at how willing volunteers are to help you, especially those associated with small, rural societies and libraries."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Lynda Salter Chenoweth</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">***************</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Meantime, two "new" old Quaker quilts have come into our lives in the past couple of months.&nbsp; Lynda is feverishly researching one from Chester County, Pennsylvania, that accompanied a newly married woman to Ohio, and is about to see and photograph another whose maker originated in Virginia and ultimately moved to Ohio.&nbsp;You will be seeing and hearing about these in the months to come.&nbsp; Both are historically interesting and significant.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">We wish you all a Happy New Year.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><br /><br />Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-8721236857794198712016-12-15T16:32:00.000-08:002016-12-17T10:36:58.643-08:00Quakers, Quilts, and Domestic CookeryHistorically, Friends did not mark holidays such as Christmas as big events since all days were regarded as equally holy.&nbsp; However, opportunities to gather for Meetings or social occasions were often cause for special, caring preparation.<br /><br />Visiting Friends stayed in homes (and still do) when gathering for the Quarterly and Yearly meetings which lasted for days.&nbsp; One member of Hopewell Monthly Meeting in Frederick County, Virginia, charmingly described her childhood impressions of Quarterly Meetings that occurred circa 1900.<br /><br />"There was a cyclone of house cleaning, silver polishing and arraying the best china.&nbsp; Beds were made up.&nbsp; The children often were banished to the attic or slept on pallets on the floor. Cakes were baked, cookies, doughnuts and choice Virginia hams were cooked.&nbsp; Kids loved it!&nbsp; Mothers sank back into utter exhaustion afterward."&nbsp; (Memories of Hopewell . . .)<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Pr7CJD7pznY/WFMfMjhDWZI/AAAAAAAACsI/h1375wDOja4-hI4dPYPiGbHSG-56GKUPACLcB/s1600/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="235" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Pr7CJD7pznY/WFMfMjhDWZI/AAAAAAAACsI/h1375wDOja4-hI4dPYPiGbHSG-56GKUPACLcB/s400/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Interior of a home inhabited by Hopewell Friends, Frederick County, Virginia,</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">c, 1900.&nbsp; Courtesy of Ellen Berry.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">As we know from letters and diaries, one of the most popular home cookbooks used by historical Friends was self-published in 1845 by Elizabeth Ellicott Lea (1793-1858).&nbsp; She was born into a prominent Quaker Maryland family.&nbsp; Interestingly, some of her recipes specify a Maryland affiliation, like her "Maryland Corn Cakes", while others, such as "Virginia Pone," and "A Virginia Hoe Cake" give a nod to a state where she had close acquaintances.&nbsp; ﻿</div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DqCf3uJPwoU/WFMhb_lNhwI/AAAAAAAACsQ/YBDSuDsR62sHG2HqUFiONcbsKU5nmTc_ACLcB/s1600/20161213_135330.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DqCf3uJPwoU/WFMhb_lNhwI/AAAAAAAACsQ/YBDSuDsR62sHG2HqUFiONcbsKU5nmTc_ACLcB/s400/20161213_135330.jpg" width="266" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>Domestic Cookery, Useful Receipts, and Hints to Young Housekeepers</em> eventually</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">went through nineteen printings in twenty-five years.&nbsp; Photograph of a copy owned by </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mary Holton Robare.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-HJ-L75dBub0/WFMhpbq2hmI/AAAAAAAACsY/xYf1NO2xG4AcHcogRPWG_d5RR0dnx_oGQCLcB/s1600/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-HJ-L75dBub0/WFMhpbq2hmI/AAAAAAAACsY/xYf1NO2xG4AcHcogRPWG_d5RR0dnx_oGQCLcB/s400/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B2.jpg" width="277" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Elizabeth Ellicott Lea.&nbsp; Image scanned from the frontispiece of <em>A Quaker Woman's Cookbook:</em></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>The Domestic Cookery of Elizabeth Ellicott Lea</em> by William Woys Weaver.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">There are several historical Quaker quilts associated with members of the cookbook author's family.&nbsp; <em>The Pidgeon Family Quilt </em>(see our posts of July 14, 2012, November 11, 2012, and December 1, 2015) contains several blocks inscribed with initials that, most likely, represent Beulah Iddings Lea and her sister-in-law Deb Lea.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-f-I0EslImmo/WFMkDLj_kjI/AAAAAAAACsg/-Nup8bRZXmAgvMplVvBxmq_oqNVgJliYACLcB/s1600/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="276" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-f-I0EslImmo/WFMkDLj_kjI/AAAAAAAACsg/-Nup8bRZXmAgvMplVvBxmq_oqNVgJliYACLcB/s400/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JSlfAbLrnlk/WFMkPpyvj3I/AAAAAAAACsk/5XEIBAyrSMI4iBFSYkPKlJdl6TPdqFBygCLcB/s1600/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="272" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JSlfAbLrnlk/WFMkPpyvj3I/AAAAAAAACsk/5XEIBAyrSMI4iBFSYkPKlJdl6TPdqFBygCLcB/s400/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B4.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>The Pidgeon Family Quilt</em>, c. 1850, details.&nbsp; Collection of the Colonial Williamsburg</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Foundation.&nbsp; Photographs by Mary Holton Robare.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">"Deb Lea, 1849" is inscribed in ink on a block containing a chintz-work wreath of brown, blue, olive, and mustard-colored chintz.&nbsp; On another identical wreath placed in the overall pattern of the quilt in symmetrical relation to the first are the initials "B.I.L."&nbsp; Both quilt blocks contain a quilted oak leaf centered on the inscribed initials.&nbsp; The quilter seemed to be emphasizing an association between the two blocks.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">After extensive cross-referencing of census records, wedding certificates, Meeting records, and social histories a close relationship was revealed between individuals who were, most likely represented by the inscriptions.&nbsp; "B.I.L.," Beulah Iddings (1824-1906) and "Deb Lea,"&nbsp; Deborah Ann Pierce (1816-1894), were daughters-in-law of the cookbook author as they married her sons, Thomas and Edward Lea.&nbsp; They were also contemporaries of the maker of <em>The Pidgeon Family Quilt</em>, Sarah Chandlee Pidgeon.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Another chintz-work block on <em>The Pidgeon Family Quilt</em> bears the embroidered initials, "R.R."&nbsp; That alone would not be enough to suggest an identity, but it is not an unlikely deduction that the initials represent one of the quilt-maker's daughters.&nbsp; The quilt's maker, Sarah Chandlee Pidgeon, who grew up in Lea's Maryland community, named her third daughter&nbsp;Rebecca Russell Pidgeon, very possibly after Lea's nurse.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Ha2fKDVWwJU/WFMoi-9StcI/AAAAAAAACsw/NzCrE4tmwJIGNTHd_2-AEPuumKN0Bz-TgCLcB/s1600/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="268" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Ha2fKDVWwJU/WFMoi-9StcI/AAAAAAAACsw/NzCrE4tmwJIGNTHd_2-AEPuumKN0Bz-TgCLcB/s400/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B5.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>The Pidgeon Family Quilt</em>, c. 1850, detail.&nbsp; Collection of the Colonial Williamsburg</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Foundation.&nbsp; Photograph by Mary Holton Robare.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Rebecca Russell (1786-1888) was a Quaker nurse who came from Pennsylvania to care for Elizabeth Ellicott Lea's ill husband.&nbsp; When he died shortly thereafter,&nbsp;she stayed on with the family -- for another fifty-nine years!&nbsp; It is known from William Woys Weaver's revised edition of <em>Domestic Cookery</em> that Lea tested and developed her recipes with the help of her husband's former nurse.&nbsp; Presumably, the recipes passed all taste trials for safety since Russell lived to over the age of one hundred years.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">As William Woys Weaver explained in the "Introduction" of his Revised Edition of Lea's book, ". . . the bedridden authoress was obliged to shout down recipes and corrections to Rebecca Russell or the family cook, whose duty it was to execute them properly."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Weaver discovered that before being self-published in 1845, <em>Domestic Cookery</em> was originally produced as just two manuscripts: one for the author, and one for her daughter, Mary Lea Stabler whose initials, we believe, were also embroidered on a block of <em>The Pidgeon Family Quilt.</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em></em>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-59Ua-s9Pw_g/WFMraGHd0lI/AAAAAAAACs8/DCask52I4F4mL0mNXgp62GU1hfm-Xb3NACLcB/s1600/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="343" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-59Ua-s9Pw_g/WFMraGHd0lI/AAAAAAAACs8/DCask52I4F4mL0mNXgp62GU1hfm-Xb3NACLcB/s400/Blog%2BPost%2BImage%2B6.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>The Pidgeon Family Quilt</em>, c. 1850, detail.&nbsp; Collection of the Colonial Williamsburg</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Foundation.&nbsp; Photograph by Mary Holton Robare.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Yet another quilt (among others) is connected to Elizabeth Ellicott Lea, attributed to her sister.&nbsp; The "Martha Ellicott Crazy Quilt," dated 1838, is considered the earliest form of a crazy quilt known to exist.&nbsp; It is in the collection of the Maryland Historical Society and you can see it on their web site at <a href="http://www.mdhs.org/digitalimage/martha-ellicott-crazy-quilt">http://www.mdhs.org/digitalimage/martha-ellicott-crazy-quilt</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">We could share one of Elizabeth Ellicott Lea's recipes for this holiday season, such as her "White Cake."&nbsp; It begins with instructions to: "Beat the whites of&nbsp;twenty eggs, wash the salt out of a pound of butter," and ends with "prepare an icing , flavored with rose water, put it on the top and sides."&nbsp; Instead, consider ordering a copy of Weaver's Revised Edition of Lea's cookbook to enjoy learning much more.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-IzhzYlFbhYY/WFMvfxh2MVI/AAAAAAAACtI/ym4HjYeSZEcF3RlKBURxHLx97zPMcsAHwCLcB/s1600/DoveChristmas-GraphicsFairy21.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-IzhzYlFbhYY/WFMvfxh2MVI/AAAAAAAACtI/ym4HjYeSZEcF3RlKBURxHLx97zPMcsAHwCLcB/s400/DoveChristmas-GraphicsFairy21.jpg" width="288" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div align="left" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">We wish you all health, happiness, peace, and prosperity</span></div><div align="left" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">through the holidays and in the coming year.</span></div><div align="left" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Notes and Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Although difficult to read, the name of "Deb Lea" decipherable when compared to her signature on the Wedding Certificate of Sarah Chandlee to Samuel Pidgeon.&nbsp; Copy held by Mary Holton Robare.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Davis, Nancy.&nbsp; "The Kaleidoscope Quilt".&nbsp; In <em>Eyewinkers, Tumbleturds and Candlebugs: The Art of Elizabeth Talford Scott.&nbsp; </em>Maryland Institute, College of Art, January 1998.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Friends General Conference at <a href="http://www.fgcquaker.org/explore/faqs-about-quakers">http://www.fgcquaker.org/explore/faqs-about-quakers</a>.&nbsp; Accessed 12/13/2016.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Lea, Elizabeth Ellicott.&nbsp; <em>Domestic Cookery</em>, 1845.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>Memories of Hopewell, Published in Celebration of the 250th Anniversary of Hopewell Friends Meeting 1734-1984.&nbsp; Frederick County, Virginia</em>.&nbsp; Hopewell Monthly Meeting, 1984, no. 6.&nbsp; Copy held at the Handley Library Archives, Winchester, Virginia.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">QuakerInfo.com at <a href="http://www.quakerinfo.com/quakxmas.shtml">http://www.quakerinfo.com/quakxmas.shtml</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Robare, Mary Holton.&nbsp; "Quaker Networks Revealed in Quilts."&nbsp; In <em>Proceedings of the Textile History Forum.</em>&nbsp; Cherry Valley, NY: Textile History Forum, 2007.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Weaver, William Woys.&nbsp; <em>A Quaker Woman's Cookbook: The Domestic Cookery&nbsp; of Elizabeth Ellicott Lea.</em>&nbsp; Mechanicsburg, PA:&nbsp;Stackpole Books, 2004.&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare</span><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em></em>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em></em></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em></em>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em></em>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em></em></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-63705221792183559722016-12-01T13:00:00.001-08:002016-12-01T13:00:27.726-08:00"I bequeath my gold watch to my niece Tacie Cleaver, also one blanket and a feather bed."This bequest was one of many made by Tacy J. Kenderdine in her will signed on 2nd day July 1896.&nbsp; Two years later, on Wednesday March 16, 1898, Tacy passed away and was buried at the Horsham Friends Cemetery in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.<br /><br />On March 24, 1898 the following appeared in the <em>Ambler Gazette</em>.&nbsp; "Tacy Kenderdine, eldest daughter of the late Chalkley Kenderdine, died very suddenly on Wednesday of last week at the home of her brother-in-law Thomas Stackhouse, Horshamville.&nbsp; Mrs. Kenderdine had been enjoying unusually good health all winter.&nbsp; On Monday of last week she attended the funeral of Martha Morgan at Quakertown, Bucks County, and on the previous Monday was at the funeral of Esther Saw, at Friends meeting house, Upper Dublin.&nbsp; After returning home from Quakertown she remarked to her sister, Mrs. Stackhouse, that she had been at funerals for two Mondays in succession and wondered whose funeral would be on Next Monday, facetiously adding that probably it would be her own.&nbsp; No one of the family thought seriously of the remark.&nbsp; On Wednesday evening, shortly after retiring for the night, with but 15 minutes warning, the summons came.&nbsp; Mrs. Kenderdine was in her 70th year.&nbsp; Interment was made in Horsham meeting grounds on Monday the 21st inst."<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Ul_jni8JFgw/WEB-ZXGZJQI/AAAAAAAACrE/5mLSwNp2K30iPIm3GRNFi5JyodtiERfrACLcB/s1600/Horsham%2BFriends%2BCemetery%2Bfind%2Ba%2Bgrave.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Ul_jni8JFgw/WEB-ZXGZJQI/AAAAAAAACrE/5mLSwNp2K30iPIm3GRNFi5JyodtiERfrACLcB/s400/Horsham%2BFriends%2BCemetery%2Bfind%2Ba%2Bgrave.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Horsham Friends Cemetery.&nbsp; Photograph posted on Find A Grave web site by Shriver.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The niece to whom Tacy willed her gold watch, a blanket, and a feather bed was the daughter of Tacy's sister Sarah Jane Kenderdine Cleaver.&nbsp; The names of both Tacy and Sarah Jane appear on the red and white "circle quilt" belonging to Joy Swartz.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-la0OlbEAsWM/WEB_al1od6I/AAAAAAAACrI/LudJCDgctmUhxU0zrGm6XmqpWZljXjP8ACLcB/s1600/Block%2B3G.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-la0OlbEAsWM/WEB_al1od6I/AAAAAAAACrI/LudJCDgctmUhxU0zrGm6XmqpWZljXjP8ACLcB/s640/Block%2B3G.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Block displaying the name of Tacy Kenderdine.&nbsp; Photograph by Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Kenderdine family immigrated to the New World from England during the 17th century, settling in what became Horsham Township in Montgomery County near Philadelphia.&nbsp; Richard Kenderdine, one of Tacy's and Sarah Jane's early colonial ancestors, obtained 250 acres in 1713 from Samuel Carpenter who had bought the land directly from William Penn.&nbsp; Richard's son Joseph, a millwright, inherited this property after his father's death in 1733 and is assumed to be the builder of a mill on the property.&nbsp; This mill, which exists today as the Kenderdine Mill Complex, was erected during 1733 and 1734.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SLyK8LnAyjg/WECCVrOV9nI/AAAAAAAACrg/M918VB0hukoPk4OWC-RakI_FO5JXP3DAQCLcB/s1600/800px-The_Mill_at_the_Kenderdine_Mill_Complex.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SLyK8LnAyjg/WECCVrOV9nI/AAAAAAAACrg/M918VB0hukoPk4OWC-RakI_FO5JXP3DAQCLcB/s400/800px-The_Mill_at_the_Kenderdine_Mill_Complex.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Kenderdine Mill with its third floor added in the 19th century.&nbsp; Source of photograph:</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Wikimedia Commons.&nbsp; Author: Carla Loughlin.&nbsp; The mill remained operational using </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">its original water power into the 20th century.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">A residence belonging to Richard and then to Joseph Kenderdine was constructed on the property prior to the building of the mill.&nbsp; Unfortunately, this building was demolished in 2012 and no longer exists.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-paVdWTKezL4/WECDSk0H1lI/AAAAAAAACrk/kI5rlCcCbhYuaxd4V-yBLV0pjzIIprkjACLcB/s1600/800px-The_Joseph_Kenderdine_House_at_the_Kenderdine_Mill_Complex.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-paVdWTKezL4/WECDSk0H1lI/AAAAAAAACrk/kI5rlCcCbhYuaxd4V-yBLV0pjzIIprkjACLcB/s400/800px-The_Joseph_Kenderdine_House_at_the_Kenderdine_Mill_Complex.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The Joseph Kenderdine house, demolished in 2012.&nbsp; Source of photograph:</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Wikimedia Commons.&nbsp; Author: Carla Loughlin.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Kenderdine family played a major role in the development of Horsham Township and the small town of Horsham (previously known as Babylon and then Horsham Meeting).&nbsp; According to a history of Horsham, the town was located in the center of Horsham Township and originally consisted of "three log cabins, a school, a store, wheelwright shop, blacksmith shop, and a stone farmhouse.&nbsp; Members of the Kenderdine family made up the largest part of the population."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">In 1719, fifty acres of land were conveyed to John Cadwallader, Thomas Iredell, Evan Lloyd, and Richard Kenderdine by Hanna Carpenter, the widow of Samuel Carpenter.&nbsp; The purpose of the conveyance was to build a Quaker meeting house, a school, and a burying ground on the property.&nbsp; Construction of the meeting house began in 1720 and was completed in 1724.&nbsp; By 1803, membership in the Friends Meeting at Horsham had grown so much that this original meeting house was torn down and another, larger one was constructed.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ilTfekESl5E/WECFFM9cUoI/AAAAAAAACr0/-FiLRYt5BOkz-lcAPecKdMwN90oK4Zd-wCLcB/s1600/800px-Horsham_Friends_Meeting%2Bwikemedia%2Bcommons.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ilTfekESl5E/WECFFM9cUoI/AAAAAAAACr0/-FiLRYt5BOkz-lcAPecKdMwN90oK4Zd-wCLcB/s400/800px-Horsham_Friends_Meeting%2Bwikemedia%2Bcommons.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Horsham Friends Meeting House.&nbsp; Source of photograph:&nbsp; Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-EIK7HTPoHWo/WECFW7xXT8I/AAAAAAAACr4/-y2TOd3W2sojjr5Z-uYa-cJEKIiw1Lt8gCLcB/s1600/Horsham_Friends_Meeting_Carriage_Shed%2Bwikimedia%2Bcommons.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-EIK7HTPoHWo/WECFW7xXT8I/AAAAAAAACr4/-y2TOd3W2sojjr5Z-uYa-cJEKIiw1Lt8gCLcB/s400/Horsham_Friends_Meeting_Carriage_Shed%2Bwikimedia%2Bcommons.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Horsham Friends Meeting House carriage barn.&nbsp; Source of photograph:</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Kenderdines of Horsham, like many other Quakers in the 18th and 19th centuries, abhorred slavery and supported the abolitionist cause.&nbsp; An obituary for Joseph R. Kenderdine&nbsp; that appeared in the <em>Ambler Gazette </em>on December 24, 1903, described an incident that involved the father of the deceased, also a Joseph,&nbsp;in 1822.&nbsp; "It was from home, near what is now known as Horsham Square, then Babylon, that a kidnapping affair occurred in 1822, where a New Jersey slave was a central figure, involving a rescue by the neighbors, among whom were several of the Kenderdine family, who were afterwards brought up before the United States courts and heavily fined."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Tacy and Sarah Jane Kenderdine were from a large and noteworthy family but, unfortunately, the details of their lives are difficult to find.&nbsp; They were the daughters of Chalkley and Ann Jarrett Kenderdine, the children of whom included Tacy (1829-1898), Sarah Jane ((1832-1912), Letitia (born 1838), Elizabeth J. (1840-1904), and John J. who died in infancy.&nbsp; Sarah Jane went on to marry John Cleaver, Letitia married Edward Ambler, and Elizabeth J. married Thomas Stackhouse.&nbsp; There is no evidence that Tacy ever married.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;We are still trying to figure out for whom Joy's quilt was made and to understand the relationships of those named on it.&nbsp; Most of the people so far identified were German Baptists (Church of the Brethren) and not members of the Religious Society of Friends.&nbsp; Whatever their relationships one to another, their connections seem to extend beyond religious and even familial ties.&nbsp; Interestingly, the identities of those whose names are inscribed on the quilt seem to span a few generations.&nbsp; One possible explanation is that Joy's quilt is a multi-generational quilt.&nbsp; Still working on this.&nbsp; Thanks, Joy, for the challenge!</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ancestry. com Quaker meeting records, census data, and Public Member Trees.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">"History of Horsham Monthly Meeting" at <a href="http://horshammeeting.org/history.html">http://horshammeeting.org/history.html</a>.&nbsp; Accessed 10/15/2016.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">"Kenderdine Mill Complex" at <a href="http://www.livingplaces.com/PA/Montgomery_County/Horsham_Township/">http://www.livingplaces.com/PA/Montgomery_County/Horsham_Township/</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Kenderdine_Mill_Complex.html.&nbsp;&nbsp;(Link is too long to fit on one line.)&nbsp; Accessed 10/15/2016.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Montgomery County Pennsylvania Genealogy.&nbsp; Obituaries, Death Notices, and Funeral Notices at <a href="http://www.montgomery.pa-roots.com/Obituaries/ObitsKa-Ke.html">http://www.montgomery.pa-roots.com/Obituaries/ObitsKa-Ke.html</a>.&nbsp; Accessed 11/27/2016.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Pennsylvania Wills and Probate Records, 1683-1993, Montgomery Wills, Vol. 25-26,&nbsp; 1897-1900.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4KxP1EzxObk/WEB_qSA4OOI/AAAAAAAACrQ/CQyK9hueNIkO2BfwfGVQPFNqymn8RFIqQCLcB/s1600/Block%2B4G.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4KxP1EzxObk/WEB_qSA4OOI/AAAAAAAACrQ/ByZCI1ynu30vFoVa_ZoMgofHvgMwnM4QACEw/s1600/Block%2B4G.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4KxP1EzxObk/WEB_qSA4OOI/AAAAAAAACrQ/ByZCI1ynu30vFoVa_ZoMgofHvgMwnM4QACEw/s1600/Block%2B4G.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a>&nbsp;</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-67851595969473544572016-11-15T10:27:00.001-08:002016-11-23T09:51:04.972-08:00Researching Joy's QuiltWe introduced you to Joy Swartz and her red and white quilt in our last post.&nbsp; Lynda is still researching the names that appear on the quilt and trying to find out enough about the people named to discover their stories.&nbsp; Meanwhile, we would like to share with you some of the challenges of this kind of research.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-I3kdIfzVMXw/WCtHQwoypMI/AAAAAAAACqE/gBMFoQcCs2kbmUO2RA-6M9P1jf5l7MS9gCLcB/s1600/Block%2B4Ba.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-I3kdIfzVMXw/WCtHQwoypMI/AAAAAAAACqE/gBMFoQcCs2kbmUO2RA-6M9P1jf5l7MS9gCLcB/s400/Block%2B4Ba.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Block inscribed with a decorative branch and the name of Susan Hoydsicke (?).&nbsp; All</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">photographs by Lynda Salter Chenoweth unless cited otherwise.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Often, the first challenge one discovers is badly faded or illegible writing.&nbsp; Without being able to transcribe the names on an inscribed quilt, the kind of information one can discover is greatly reduced.&nbsp; Joy's quilt has, for the most part, clearly written or stamped names and, since the quilt has never been used or washed, almost all of the names are easy to read.&nbsp; Where this isn't the case, it is mainly due to ink smudges or to migration which renders part of the name unreadable.&nbsp; An interesting aspect (still needing research) of some of the blocks on Joy's quilt is the application of some sort of substance (perhaps bee's wax?) over the names to protect them from deterioration and fading.&nbsp;[Note:&nbsp; One reader has suggested that the substance may have been placed on the fabric to provide an easier&nbsp;writing surface and is, in fact, under the signature.] &nbsp;If any of you out there are familiar with this practice, please comment on this post and tell us what you know!</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-sybXvVoWqtk/WCtIzafvNzI/AAAAAAAACqQ/bPW1LMPI6qQbwnyrBKPOIB7KqbwZTZktgCLcB/s1600/Susan%2BGreen%2Bphoto%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="353" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-sybXvVoWqtk/WCtIzafvNzI/AAAAAAAACqQ/bPW1LMPI6qQbwnyrBKPOIB7KqbwZTZktgCLcB/s400/Susan%2BGreen%2Bphoto%2B2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Block with a substance applied over the inked name to protect it.&nbsp; This photograph </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">courtesy of Susan W. Greene.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">A second challenge pertains to census records.&nbsp; Census takers in the nineteenth century moved from house to house along a street or rural road, knocking on doors and asking the inhabitants to tell them who lived in the residence.&nbsp; The head of household, usually a man, was recorded first by the census taker who wrote down what he heard.&nbsp; It is common to find the same last name of a family spelled three or four different ways over census years, depending on how the census taker "heard" it and how he chose to spell what he heard.&nbsp; For example, while doing the research for Lynda's book <em>Philena's Friendship Quilt: A Quaker Farewell to Ohio</em>, Lynda found members of the Hambleton family listed in census records as Hamilton, Hammelton and Hamildon.&nbsp; Census record searches, as well as other Internet searches, are done by name and, if you are not finding people, you have to try different possible spellings of the last name and see what pops up.&nbsp; In the case of Joy's quilt, Lynda has found in census records over time three different spellings of the name Faringer which appears seven times on the quilt.&nbsp; These spellings&nbsp;are Ferringer, Fehringer, and Farringer.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-KSkVKMEAxxA/WCtLehBbYTI/AAAAAAAACqc/zVnD3X6Fq5QlwTq9BxMeyGt98v01YUDVwCLcB/s1600/Block%2B6A.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-KSkVKMEAxxA/WCtLehBbYTI/AAAAAAAACqc/zVnD3X6Fq5QlwTq9BxMeyGt98v01YUDVwCLcB/s640/Block%2B6A.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Stamped block bearing the name Eliza H. Faringer.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">A third challenge to identifying the people named on inscribed quilts is the nineteenth century tradition of naming members of each generation after a prior one.&nbsp; This is especially true in the case of Quaker quilts.&nbsp; Also, people tended to marry people from their communities and their distant family members (such as cousins) so last names were also passed on along with given names.&nbsp; Figuring out which of many Eliza Faringers, for example, is the one named on Joy's quilt requires the knowledge of critical dates that separate generations.&nbsp; One of the blocks that addresses an Eliza in verse&nbsp;displays a date of 1848.&nbsp; The only other date inscribed on the&nbsp;quilt is 1857.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">A date provided as part of an inscription can give an indication of the time frame in which a person may have lived. This can be misleading, however, because members of the Religious Society of Friends&nbsp;as well as&nbsp;other quilt makers often inscribed on their quilts the names of beloved family members who had passed away, along with the year of their death.&nbsp; One example of this was a block inscribed "Whitson Cooper" with the date 1835 in Philena's quilt.&nbsp; Whitson was her father who had died eighteen years before her quilt was made and dated in 1853.&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-aCywTov4_98/WCtOWceOywI/AAAAAAAACqo/gZXkO6-ZE7gWWPh-XLiw-K7AHoQ9YcfEQCLcB/s1600/Block%2B5A.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-aCywTov4_98/WCtOWceOywI/AAAAAAAACqo/gZXkO6-ZE7gWWPh-XLiw-K7AHoQ9YcfEQCLcB/s640/Block%2B5A.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Block inscribed Susanna Douglas, Germantown, 1857.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">A further challenge is determining the geographical locations of people named on a quilt when that location is not provided as part of the inscription.&nbsp; Geographical location is the key to many Internet data bases that may provide information about the surroundings and history of the places where they lived, as well as their participation in civic, political, religious and other community activities.&nbsp; If only a few of the quilt blocks indicate locations, these have to serve as the clues followed to find the geographical locations of others who are named on the quilt. Inscribed friendship quilts usually provide documentation of the people closest to the quilt recipient or quilt maker.&nbsp; They will be generally from the same community, church group, or family groups.&nbsp; In the case of Joy's quilt, Lynda&nbsp;is searching for information about the people in the areas of Philadelphia and nearby communities.&nbsp; We'll see how well she does!</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ajpwXYqFjMY/WCtP06RzPdI/AAAAAAAACqw/db4fEpfrTU8POFd9zdvB5C8s9I1ACK3jACLcB/s1600/Block%2B3Aa.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ajpwXYqFjMY/WCtP06RzPdI/AAAAAAAACqw/db4fEpfrTU8POFd9zdvB5C8s9I1ACK3jACLcB/s640/Block%2B3Aa.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">A block bearing the name of Martha Crout from Philadelphia.&nbsp; Note the chain stitching that affixes </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">the red fabric to the block.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">Again, our thanks to Joy Swartz for letting us explore what stories are to be told by her unique quilt.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(C)&nbsp; Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div align="left" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div align="left"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-31813305363484589952016-11-02T07:28:00.000-07:002016-11-02T11:13:31.683-07:00A Profusion of RedOne of the many pleasures of attending the American Quilt Study Group Seminar in Tempe last September was meeting fellow-attendees Joy Swartz from Prescott, Arizona, and Florence McConnell from Manteca, California.&nbsp; Lynda had spoken with Florence several times while writing a blog post about some Quaker blocks Florence had purchased that were made by members of the Bunting family. (Refer to our post dated April 15, 2015.)&nbsp; Knowing our interest in Quaker quilts, Florence introduced Lynda to Joy who had, in tow, a quilt made with red print fabrics her husband had recently purchased at auction. The quilt had been described as "Quaker" and Lynda agreed to take a look at it and give her opinion.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-tkrIeqhVXyg/WBnqLCWGnbI/AAAAAAAACow/FEaFdBqmsO4jis452m7reTxc8GCsjh7swCLcB/s1600/Brackman%2Bshot%2Bfrom%2Bcatalog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-tkrIeqhVXyg/WBnqLCWGnbI/AAAAAAAACow/FEaFdBqmsO4jis452m7reTxc8GCsjh7swCLcB/s400/Brackman%2Bshot%2Bfrom%2Bcatalog.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photo of a portion of the quilt that appeared in an auction catalog.&nbsp; Courtesy of</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Barbara Brackman.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Joy brought the quilt to the hotel room Lynda was sharing with Alice Kinsler and the three of them spread it out on one of the beds where Lynda took photographs of all of the blocks and the inscriptions either hand-written or stamped on them.&nbsp; It was obvious that the names would have to be researched to determine whether or not there were Quaker identities present and Lynda volunteered to do the research.&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_l7cSsIKPmY/WBnr2eAC3aI/AAAAAAAACo8/TegjHjy_bzEHnsCvu0DawwqdzJrIDznMgCLcB/s1600/Block%2B4H.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_l7cSsIKPmY/WBnr2eAC3aI/AAAAAAAACo8/TegjHjy_bzEHnsCvu0DawwqdzJrIDznMgCLcB/s640/Block%2B4H.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Alice (left) and Joy with the quilt. Photograph by Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The white border, backing, and red print binding of the quilt were added to a much earlier central portion that features blocks appliqued with quarter-circles in the four corners and a central circle (resembling a Cheerio) where names and other inscriptions are added.&nbsp; Two of the quilt blocks display dates - one, with an accompanying verse, is dated 1848 and another is dated 1857.&nbsp; The central portion of the quilt measures approximately 75 X 75 inches and is comprised of seven 10 1/2 inch blocks across and seven down.&nbsp; The more modern border&nbsp;is&nbsp;eleven inches wide, is mitered at the corners, and bears a modern red print, 3/8 inches wide, as binding.&nbsp; An interesting feature of the quilt is the use of a chain stitch to affix some of the block elements to the white fabric beneath them.&nbsp; The rest are affixed using a hand-applique stitch.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vqD571sHz0s/WBnunWoHeQI/AAAAAAAACpI/ROHuEwVACc82DLJKry2O53uSSpUpKSWfgCLcB/s1600/Block%2B4F.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vqD571sHz0s/WBnunWoHeQI/AAAAAAAACpI/ROHuEwVACc82DLJKry2O53uSSpUpKSWfgCLcB/s400/Block%2B4F.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Block with elements affixed using a chain stitch.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Dnvrchvp8xw/WBnvcX0lfJI/AAAAAAAACpQ/gYDQjZCx1jsQZ47wJ8PJ-qUwrpc4i61WwCLcB/s1600/Block%2B3Fa.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Dnvrchvp8xw/WBnvcX0lfJI/AAAAAAAACpQ/gYDQjZCx1jsQZ47wJ8PJ-qUwrpc4i61WwCLcB/s640/Block%2B3Fa.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Block displaying both hand-applique and chain stitching.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Lynda is in the process of researching the names that appear on the quilt and has so far identified at least two families who were members of the Religious Society of Friends. When she has finished more of her research, she will provide additional posts that tell the stories the quilt reveals.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Meanwhile, Florence McConnell called to point out that two photos of the quilt's blocks appear in Susan W. Greene's remarkable book on textiles titled <em>Wearable Prints, 1760-1860.&nbsp; </em>Hoping to learn more about the origins of the quilt, Lynda contacted Susan to see if she knew who had owned the quilt before Joy's husband bought it at auction.&nbsp; It turned out that Susan, herself, was the prior owner but she too had bought it at auction with little information about provenance.&nbsp; Her main interest was the large number of different, pristine red prints (thirty by her count) used in the quilt.&nbsp; She incorporated photographs of two of the blocks in her book (page 340) as illustrations related to the topic "Colored Discharge on Turkey Red and Madder."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The discharge technique was developed in 1811 by Alsatian textile manufacturers Koechlin &amp; Freres using chemical means to bleach out (or discharge) patterns from already colored cloth, especially indigo blue and Turkey reds.&nbsp; The technique was refined over time by the use of pastes containing various colorants to produce red prints bearing multiple colors and elaborate patterns.&nbsp; These prints, mainly imported from France and England in the early to mid-nineteenth century, were popular for making children's clothing and often found their way into album quilts and the red and green quilts favored by mid-Atlantic quilt makers, including Quakers.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZAbzsx_wOhw/WBnzqK8L2_I/AAAAAAAACpg/q05Zi1LidGU5CKHIamq-AU5-KqQI7PDPACLcB/s1600/Quaker%2Brerpro%2Bquilt%2B001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZAbzsx_wOhw/WBnzqK8L2_I/AAAAAAAACpg/q05Zi1LidGU5CKHIamq-AU5-KqQI7PDPACLcB/s400/Quaker%2Brerpro%2Bquilt%2B001.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Reproduction "Quaker" quilt made by Lynda Salter Chenoweth for Mary Holton Robare.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Whatever stories will be told by Joy's quilt when sufficient research is completed, the center of the quilt itself provides a small "encyclopedia" of red print fabrics (some of which may be Turkey reds) available at the time it was made.&nbsp; That time may end up being a range, such as 1845-1860, unless Lynda's research results in pin-pointing people and events that narrow the time span.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-h2t_8_SUdxw/WBn1WpvR9LI/AAAAAAAACpw/RcL-i71k0H8ZIbDvLIgjbRtCRVbtOwD5gCLcB/s1600/Susan%2BGreen%2Bphoto%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="353" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-h2t_8_SUdxw/WBn1WpvR9LI/AAAAAAAACpw/RcL-i71k0H8ZIbDvLIgjbRtCRVbtOwD5gCLcB/s400/Susan%2BGreen%2Bphoto%2B2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photograph courtesy of Susan W. Greene.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Our thanks to Joy Swartz for generously making the quilt available for study and presentation on our blog, and to Florence McConnell and Susan W. Greene for contributing information about the quilt and its fabrics.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Greene, Susan W.&nbsp; <em>Wearable Prints, 1760-1860, History, Materials, and Mechanics</em>.&nbsp; Kent, OH: The Kent State University Press, 2014.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Storey, Joyce.&nbsp; <em>The Thames and Hudson Manual of Textile Printing</em>.&nbsp; New York: Thames and Hudson, Inc., 1987.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span>﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-66149695957468153372016-10-15T10:58:00.000-07:002016-10-15T11:04:07.558-07:00A Quaker Hexagon Quilt TopIn March, 2014, Mary had the pleasure of presenting an informal talk about Quaker quilts at the Goose Creek Meeting House, Loudoun County, Virginia.&nbsp; Meeting members were invited to bring quilts in for discussion after her presentation.&nbsp; One of the quilts was this silk, hexagon quilt top.&nbsp; Measuring 66.25 X 80 inches, it has an estimated date of&nbsp;ca. 1865-1900.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Rgu89x_YrEY/WAJhbtU13iI/AAAAAAAACnA/LheqvAgUG_QOe132A9NNSv0dHbTEjWm9wCLcB/s1600/hexagon%2Bquilt%2Btop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Rgu89x_YrEY/WAJhbtU13iI/AAAAAAAACnA/LheqvAgUG_QOe132A9NNSv0dHbTEjWm9wCLcB/s400/hexagon%2Bquilt%2Btop.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Hexagon Quilt Top, March 23, 2014, photographed at Goose Creek Meeting.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">All photographs by Mary Holton Robare.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-EMMb1Ek70Uo/WAJh6dniUgI/AAAAAAAACnE/Uc7eMkgY1doPt4qzf6P7sUajefRkxgU_gCLcB/s1600/goose%2Bcreek%2Bmh%2B2014.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-EMMb1Ek70Uo/WAJh6dniUgI/AAAAAAAACnE/Uc7eMkgY1doPt4qzf6P7sUajefRkxgU_gCLcB/s400/goose%2Bcreek%2Bmh%2B2014.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Goose Creek Meeting House, Loudoun County, Virginia, 2014.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">We consider this quilt top "Quaker" because it was owned by someone whose family were members of the Religious Society of Friends for many generations on both sides.&nbsp; Although that does not mean it couldn't have been made by someone outside the family who was not a Friend, it was kept and cherished as a family piece.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Remnants of batting indicate the top was once part of a completed quilt and leftover bits of paper illustrate the paper-piecing technique used by its maker.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3U1UpJwBMDI/WAJi-2tWOAI/AAAAAAAACnM/__spvwoydZIIo5q1LcFHE7kol9UROs_CQCLcB/s1600/Back%2Bof%2BQuilt%2BTop%2B1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3U1UpJwBMDI/WAJi-2tWOAI/AAAAAAAACnM/__spvwoydZIIo5q1LcFHE7kol9UROs_CQCLcB/s400/Back%2Bof%2BQuilt%2BTop%2B1.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-MgZk_5AHlKE/WAJjMEiYMZI/AAAAAAAACnQ/83DguLy6t_cxAmctZAsdno5Vk2kB9yb7gCLcB/s1600/Back%2Bof%2BQuilt%2BTop%2B2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-MgZk_5AHlKE/WAJjMEiYMZI/AAAAAAAACnQ/83DguLy6t_cxAmctZAsdno5Vk2kB9yb7gCLcB/s400/Back%2Bof%2BQuilt%2BTop%2B2.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Interestingly, the silk of the center hexagons is pristine, while the more colorful hexagons that are nearer the edges have some shredding.&nbsp; Its velvet border, which was stylistically prevalent in the Victorian era, is worn.&nbsp; This prompts speculation that the piece was a multi-generation project.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Starting in the late 1800s, silk was sold by weight - the heavier the silk, the more expensive it was (and the more profitable for merchants).&nbsp; Earlier, pre-weighted silks kept their condition, but the weighting agents that were added to create more expensive silks contributed to their faster deterioration.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-k69HM_FRYuc/WAJkd5NH0-I/AAAAAAAACnY/ketuIpZ7qHIaaDHTKCh_UqQ1_BzEFw3wgCLcB/s1600/pre-weighted%2Bsilk%2Bhexagons.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-k69HM_FRYuc/WAJkd5NH0-I/AAAAAAAACnY/ketuIpZ7qHIaaDHTKCh_UqQ1_BzEFw3wgCLcB/s400/pre-weighted%2Bsilk%2Bhexagons.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Center of quilt top, possibly made with pre-weighted silk.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-36x7XPc8UEc/WAJk4KGj0SI/AAAAAAAACnc/zeELz09873Min0uktW_-LRt587T5KwINwCLcB/s1600/weighted%2Bsilk%2Bhexagons.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-36x7XPc8UEc/WAJk4KGj0SI/AAAAAAAACnc/zeELz09873Min0uktW_-LRt587T5KwINwCLcB/s400/weighted%2Bsilk%2Bhexagons.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Edge of quilt top showing velvet border and later silks that were sold by weight.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GmU3Oc4Hxw4/WAJlV7-XDdI/AAAAAAAACnk/CRayO_y0_TQHmF7UTOx0jG98LD7Ot1noACLcB/s1600/Top.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GmU3Oc4Hxw4/WAJlV7-XDdI/AAAAAAAACnk/CRayO_y0_TQHmF7UTOx0jG98LD7Ot1noACLcB/s400/Top.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ftl4rdpd18c/WAJlnOWBNVI/AAAAAAAACno/9pftpKOEUBM_thOK2FZJL_c-Eccc41K4QCLcB/s1600/close-up.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ftl4rdpd18c/WAJlnOWBNVI/AAAAAAAACno/9pftpKOEUBM_thOK2FZJL_c-Eccc41K4QCLcB/s400/close-up.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-fPrZw71vTPA/WAJmE8FfudI/AAAAAAAACns/DOuzvb3_QXkdiFl84gZXPiqCUME4TSMfgCLcB/s1600/close-up%2B2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-fPrZw71vTPA/WAJmE8FfudI/AAAAAAAACns/DOuzvb3_QXkdiFl84gZXPiqCUME4TSMfgCLcB/s400/close-up%2B2.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">According to the quilt top's owner, family tradition is that a small flag (pictured below) was sewn into the center of the top to show support for Abraham Lincoln around the time of the Civil War.&nbsp; We have not been able to find out more about the flag, which appears to be woven, but dating it might help validate or disprove the story.&nbsp; While family traditions are notoriously inaccurate, the fact that this story even exists illustrates the leanings of Loudoun County Quakers during the Civil War.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6JQwRa4OrW4/WAJnCxgUICI/AAAAAAAACn0/05nFX6-5l2cOVOzEA05H43p2QLaWsxtgQCLcB/s1600/flag.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6JQwRa4OrW4/WAJnCxgUICI/AAAAAAAACn0/05nFX6-5l2cOVOzEA05H43p2QLaWsxtgQCLcB/s400/flag.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">This quilt top was graciously loaned for an exhibit curated by Mary of Quaker Quilts that was held by the Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society in their Abram's Delight Museum in 2014.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pgXTuzEzOoo/WAJoIL0nPiI/AAAAAAAACn8/e6ZaLkljHioAimvtPNT83yAzU02KlBqLwCLcB/s1600/on%2Bdisplay.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pgXTuzEzOoo/WAJoIL0nPiI/AAAAAAAACn8/e6ZaLkljHioAimvtPNT83yAzU02KlBqLwCLcB/s400/on%2Bdisplay.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Hexagon Quilt Top on display, Abram's Delight Museum, Winchester-Frederick</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">County Historical Society, June 13-15, 2014.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Notes:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">This post is dedicated to the memory of Edgar P. Leggett who shared the top and its history.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Thank you to Barbara Garrett for information about weighted silk.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Hexagon Quilt Top is one of twenty-five textiles&nbsp; that appear in "Quaker Quilts: Snapshots of an Exhibition"&nbsp; (To order, see link at left.)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><br /><br />Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-1725841004674412852016-10-01T17:01:00.005-07:002016-10-01T17:01:50.655-07:00The American Quilt Study Group Seminar in Tempe, ArizonaMembers of the American Quilt Study Group (AQSG) met in Tempe, Arizona, September 14-18 for their thirty-seventh annual Seminar.&nbsp; We gathered at the Tempe Mission Palms hotel near the Arizona State University campus to enjoy what-turned-out-to-be moderate weather for this time of year and a lovely, Southwestern setting.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-WxXfggEbaJA/V_A_mN_8_jI/AAAAAAAAClU/lYqqpFAT4gQrf9_8Tc-brLJFM5ID_orQgCLcB/s1600/Tempe%2BMission%2BPalms.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-WxXfggEbaJA/V_A_mN_8_jI/AAAAAAAAClU/lYqqpFAT4gQrf9_8Tc-brLJFM5ID_orQgCLcB/s640/Tempe%2BMission%2BPalms.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">All photographs by Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-2h8-_kQ2i5w/V_A_8dEiEVI/AAAAAAAAClY/haTgYWqGNVkabDLjOoMBxgsyAEm9vT0yQCLcB/s1600/hotel%2Bcourtyard.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-2h8-_kQ2i5w/V_A_8dEiEVI/AAAAAAAAClY/haTgYWqGNVkabDLjOoMBxgsyAEm9vT0yQCLcB/s640/hotel%2Bcourtyard.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Inner courtyard at the Tempe Mission Palms.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The purpose of Seminar each year is to present original research related to quilt studies and related topics.&nbsp; This year's presenters included:&nbsp; Jonathan Gregory who presented a paper titled "Why Ernest Haight Made Quilts"; Colleen Hall-Patton who shard her research on "Protofeminist Thought in Mid-twentieth Century Magazine Articles"; Diana Bell-Kite who spoke on the topic "Memorials of Satin: Funeral Ribbon Quilts in Context"; Peggy Hazzard who presented "What the Eye Doesn't See, Doesn't Move the Heart: Migrant Quilts of Southern Arizona"; Sandy Staebell who introduced us to "The Godey Quilt: One Woman's Dream Becomes a Reality"; and, Susan A.D. Stanley who shared her research on "Mary Catherine Lamb: Lady of Perpetual Garage Sales".&nbsp; All of these presentations are published in <em>Uncoverings 2016</em>, Vol. 37 of the Research Papers of the American Quilt Study Group.&nbsp; This publication can be ordered using a form that is available on the AQSG web site at <a href="http://www.americanquiltstudygroup.org/">www.americanquiltstudygroup.org</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ZlMr7sEkBAc/V_BCEeRRW8I/AAAAAAAAClk/Z-5_-C1ZN1o9yycA73IzHYzl6UMScg6owCLcB/s1600/img636.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ZlMr7sEkBAc/V_BCEeRRW8I/AAAAAAAAClk/Z-5_-C1ZN1o9yycA73IzHYzl6UMScg6owCLcB/s400/img636.jpg" width="268" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The keynote address this year was given by Carolyn O'Bagy Davis who introduced us to "Goldie Tracy Richmond: Indian Trader and Quiltmaker".&nbsp; Goldie was legendary in Arizona for her magnificent applique quilts, the trading post she operated on the Tohono O'odham (formerly Papago) Indian Reservation, her grit surviving in the Sonoran desert, and for her larger-than-life <em>persona</em>. Several of Goldie's quilts were on display for close examination after the talk.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rGn9YhVrvXQ/V_BDbU2KncI/AAAAAAAACls/KcJArbQyKQo-f-Nxrc63OQLtNK5wbqwQQCLcB/s1600/Goldie%2BQuilts%2B2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rGn9YhVrvXQ/V_BDbU2KncI/AAAAAAAACls/KcJArbQyKQo-f-Nxrc63OQLtNK5wbqwQQCLcB/s640/Goldie%2BQuilts%2B2.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Examining quilts by Goldie Tracy Richmond that Carolyn O'Bagy Davis arranged to present.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Another Arizona quiltmaker was highlighted by our Saturday luncheon speaker, Janet Carruth.&nbsp; She presented a talk titled "Emma Andres: Little Sister to America's Quiltmakers".&nbsp; Andres lived in Prescott, Arizona, and produced many unusual quilts that influenced leading quiltmakers throughout the mid-twentieth century.&nbsp; Some of her quilts were also displayed for close-up viewing.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">This year provided several interesting tours for Seminar attendees.&nbsp; One could choose between a tour to Mission San Xavier Del Bac and the Arizona Historical Society Museum in Tucson, a tour to the Tempe History Museum for a special exhibition of Territorial-era quilts, a tour of the Sharlot Hall Museum and Smoki Museum in Prescott, or&nbsp;a tour of the Desert Caballeros Western Museum in Wickenburg, an historic Western town north of Phoenix.&nbsp; Lynda chose the Mission San Xavier Del Bac and the Arizona Historical Society Museum tour.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ewQvSragFr0/V_BFdQuCuXI/AAAAAAAACl4/qnMiRXMClosKkQup6ryhx13ZY6iKF96TwCLcB/s1600/mission%2B1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ewQvSragFr0/V_BFdQuCuXI/AAAAAAAACl4/qnMiRXMClosKkQup6ryhx13ZY6iKF96TwCLcB/s640/mission%2B1.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mission San Xavier Del Bac first founded in 1692 by Father Eusebio Francisco Kino.&nbsp; The </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">current structure was begun in 1783 by Franciscan Father Velderrain.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-LhXlHi-SksI/V_BGGG-vBuI/AAAAAAAACmA/U4Q0M5gFLgogv2ECEGWmH19UiIuovEAugCLcB/s1600/mission%2B3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-LhXlHi-SksI/V_BGGG-vBuI/AAAAAAAACmA/U4Q0M5gFLgogv2ECEGWmH19UiIuovEAugCLcB/s640/mission%2B3.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Detail of mission entrance.&nbsp; The mission is situated on the Tohono O'odham Reservation and</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">&nbsp;flies the flags of Spain, the United States, and the Tohono O'odham Nation.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">A trip to the Arizona Historical Society Museum followed lunch in Tucson.&nbsp; The visit included a bed-turning of some of the Museum's quilt collection, a trip into the storage facilities to see nineteenth-century costumes, and a general tour of the Museum.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4zV4YKbQB10/V_BHF8uZOfI/AAAAAAAACmM/HvmgZPTfLEAT2FswjVbdukSpkZiNhB1kQCLcB/s1600/Arizona%2BHistorical%2BSociety%2B1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4zV4YKbQB10/V_BHF8uZOfI/AAAAAAAACmM/HvmgZPTfLEAT2FswjVbdukSpkZiNhB1kQCLcB/s640/Arizona%2BHistorical%2BSociety%2B1.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Historical Society Curator Lorraine Jones conducted the bed-turning at the Arizona Historical </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Society Museum.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-NsKHylvfiq4/V_BHfxAj4CI/AAAAAAAACmQ/8kMY5gkSenkssKMGAcgO5Ssq8ok2d4BEwCLcB/s1600/Arizona%2BHistorical%2BSociety%2B2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-NsKHylvfiq4/V_BHfxAj4CI/AAAAAAAACmQ/8kMY5gkSenkssKMGAcgO5Ssq8ok2d4BEwCLcB/s640/Arizona%2BHistorical%2BSociety%2B2.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Viewing nineteenth-century costumes at the Arizona Historical Society Museum.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Seminar attendees had a wide variety of Study Centers to choose from this year.&nbsp; Topics included:&nbsp; Pagtinabangay: The Quilts and Quiltmakers of Caohagan Island; From Samplers to Lacing Boards: The Evolution of Children's Sewing Cards; The Ladies Art Company of St. Louis, MO; Arpilleras, the Cloth of Change;&nbsp; Quilts in Transition 1866-1875;&nbsp; What WAS She Thinking?;&nbsp; Early Quiltmakers of UNIQUE San Juan County, New Mexico; Mid-century Mid-Atlantic Friendship Quilts;&nbsp; Buckshot, Dog Food, and Car Parts: 100 Years of Textile Bags;&nbsp; Baltimore Album Quilt Designs; 20th Century Quilt Kits: An Overview; Regional Quilt Patterns and Styles of the 19th Century; and, Portraits of a Past Imagined: The Influences of the Colonial Revival on Quilting.&nbsp; (Definitely something&nbsp;of interest&nbsp;for&nbsp;everyone.)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">If all of the foregoing was not enough to keep Seminar goers busy over four days, the event also provided several excellent meals, three hanging quilt exhibitions, a silent auction of donated quilts, books, textiles and other objects, a book sale of publications by AQSG authors, a live auction featuring quilts and coverlets, and outside vendors whose booths were replete with beautiful and historic quilts to purchase.&nbsp; The following photographs are of stunning quilts offered by two different vendors, Kathryn Liston of Lafayette, California, and Stella Rubin of Darnestown, Maryland.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-K501_jW-qrc/V_BLTIJmkOI/AAAAAAAACmg/tnkHLqq3G8k76ZvXogaV-McqzjmQo1w5wCLcB/s1600/Vendors%2B1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-K501_jW-qrc/V_BLTIJmkOI/AAAAAAAACmg/tnkHLqq3G8k76ZvXogaV-McqzjmQo1w5wCLcB/s640/Vendors%2B1.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WMsyzUhvRno/V_BLfm1VBjI/AAAAAAAACmk/mvxMhphA1w4pOyw9k2UH9ZeGn5IBRPisgCLcB/s1600/Vendors%2B4.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WMsyzUhvRno/V_BLfm1VBjI/AAAAAAAACmk/mvxMhphA1w4pOyw9k2UH9ZeGn5IBRPisgCLcB/s640/Vendors%2B4.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9p3dlwWbw44/V_BLsrU8tSI/AAAAAAAACmo/T4-bnoXGv5AzkT995dk-BEAT8avdA--JwCLcB/s1600/Vendors%2B2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9p3dlwWbw44/V_BLsrU8tSI/AAAAAAAACmo/T4-bnoXGv5AzkT995dk-BEAT8avdA--JwCLcB/s640/Vendors%2B2.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-87cM4GAuDrM/V_BL3mNgFuI/AAAAAAAACms/0eDF-_LUIAE2NTu9J3F2b1FUJBkb_5UJACLcB/s1600/Vendors%2B3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-87cM4GAuDrM/V_BL3mNgFuI/AAAAAAAACms/0eDF-_LUIAE2NTu9J3F2b1FUJBkb_5UJACLcB/s640/Vendors%2B3.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Next year's Seminar will be in Manchester, New Hampshire.&nbsp; Go to the American Quilt Study Group web site provided above and become a member!&nbsp; Then, join us for all the learning and the fun in New Hampshire next fall!!﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-43407926549794972022016-07-30T11:12:00.000-07:002016-07-30T11:12:17.415-07:00A Summer BreakTo our readers:&nbsp; We&nbsp;will be taking a two month break to research Quaker quilts that we will share with you in Fall.&nbsp; Thank you for "sticking with us" during this research break!&nbsp; We'll be back October 1st.&nbsp; Have a lovely rest-of-the-summer.<br /><br />Lynda &amp; Mary<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-fAZlZo84bzY/V5zsyEny9_I/AAAAAAAAClA/5KaKsiOoNPgfv164IlyrcDhQ7OnLm0R_gCLcB/s1600/chintz%2Bblocks.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-fAZlZo84bzY/V5zsyEny9_I/AAAAAAAAClA/5KaKsiOoNPgfv164IlyrcDhQ7OnLm0R_gCLcB/s640/chintz%2Bblocks.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Detail of chintz in friendship quilt from upstate New York.&nbsp; Collection of Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-30223810334919132852016-07-16T14:44:00.003-07:002016-07-16T14:44:35.505-07:00American Quilts and Folk Art at the Metropolitan Museum of Art<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xE_ASmmI2KQ/V4qapIsjLnI/AAAAAAAACjg/5dtG3t_8i90kCLINGf9n_8webz5NP-HbQCLcB/s1600/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xE_ASmmI2KQ/V4qapIsjLnI/AAAAAAAACjg/5dtG3t_8i90kCLINGf9n_8webz5NP-HbQCLcB/s400/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">All photographs by Mary Holton Robare.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div>While the focus of this blog is Quaker quilts and history, from time to time we like to share other quilt-related experiences.&nbsp; Mary had the opportunity to visit the Metropolitan Museum of Art in early July and to see their current exhibit of quilts.&nbsp; The quilts on display are actually the second rotation of an exhibit that was on display through January 8th, 2016.&nbsp; The current quilts will be displayed in Gallery 751 just through August 7th, 2016.<br /><br />According to the Museum's website, "This exhibition features eight quilts - all recent additions to the Museum's outstanding quilt collection, only one of which has been shown at the Museum before.&nbsp; The display also includes a selection of folk painting and furniture from The American Wing's collection, as well as two important paintings by&nbsp;[the Quaker painter] Edward Hicks (American, 1780-1840), on loan from the Peter J. Solomon Family Collection."<br /><br />The quilts in this second rotation are all mid-nineteenth-century, graphically stunning, and superbly crafted.&nbsp; The Museum grants permission to take non-flash photographs.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-y_9bCuqoAZo/V4qdOYBS6NI/AAAAAAAACjs/V2BAjaDOYXIDAC9v7QC99hbpRhS5KbtSACLcB/s1600/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-y_9bCuqoAZo/V4qdOYBS6NI/AAAAAAAACjs/V2BAjaDOYXIDAC9v7QC99hbpRhS5KbtSACLcB/s400/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B2.jpg" width="387" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The maker of this "Star of Bethlehem Quilt" is unknown, but its label describes</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">it as , "Probably New Jersey, ca. 1845," acc. # 1998.87.1&nbsp; Measuring 104 X 103 inches, </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">it was a gift of Robert E. Cole, in memory of Helen R. Cole.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">As is most typical of the Star of Bethlehem pattern, this quilt has a large central star whose rays extend to the quilt's edges.&nbsp; Four small complete stars serve as the corner blocks, and four half stars fill the spaces on the sides.&nbsp; Although made in the nineteenth century, all of the fabrics remain fresh and vibrant.&nbsp;&nbsp; The dark blue ground fabric is particularly effective - evoking the night sky and setting off the brilliant multicolored stars.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/--FOVlUgFfuE/V4qexqiiRvI/AAAAAAAACj4/FdX_k7w7xIo5LWD5YC_2kbtyyfgBFSBOgCLcB/s1600/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/--FOVlUgFfuE/V4qexqiiRvI/AAAAAAAACj4/FdX_k7w7xIo5LWD5YC_2kbtyyfgBFSBOgCLcB/s400/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B3.jpg" width="393" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">This quilt is described in its label as, "Mariner's Compass Quilt," Pennsylvania, 1847,</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">acc. # 2011.374.&nbsp; It has an inscription in its center block in ink"&nbsp; "Barbara Ann Miller/her quilt/</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">1847."&nbsp; Measuring 108 X 107 inches, the quilt was a gift of the Hascoe Foundation in 2011.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-lWjveJNC2KE/V4qf-6CBRAI/AAAAAAAACkE/g4gZypPfStAzlTg1WxmgOa202ySnDbUogCLcB/s1600/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-lWjveJNC2KE/V4qf-6CBRAI/AAAAAAAACkE/g4gZypPfStAzlTg1WxmgOa202ySnDbUogCLcB/s400/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B4.jpg" width="397" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"Star of Bethlehem Quilt, Perth Amboy, New Jersey, ca. 1845-1848," acc. # 46.152.2.&nbsp; </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Made by members of the Congregation of the First Baptist Church, Middlesex County, </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Perth Amboy, New Jersey, it measures&nbsp; 76 1/4 X 75 7/8 inches and was a gift of</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mrs. George Sands Bryan, in memory of her husband, George Sands Bryan, 1946.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">From the Museum's website, "According to his granddaughter-in-law, Reverend George Faitute Hendricksen (1817-1894) received this quilt as a gift from his congregation during a church Harvest Festival.&nbsp; A minister for over fifty years, Hendricksen served as pastor of the First Baptist Church of Perth Amboy from 1845 to 1848."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-dKtGDLapQmE/V4qhoL8XX-I/AAAAAAAACkQ/BC-paJ_LwIge__5EMfb0i1nZGYUh-FlkACLcB/s1600/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="392" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-dKtGDLapQmE/V4qhoL8XX-I/AAAAAAAACkQ/BC-paJ_LwIge__5EMfb0i1nZGYUh-FlkACLcB/s400/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B5.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"Star of Bethlehem Quilt, maker unknown, possibly New York ca. 1845."&nbsp; Measuring </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">90 X 89 1/4 inches, the quilt was a gift of Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Schwartz, acc. # 1973.64.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZopqVa84KVo/V4qiRRwvn8I/AAAAAAAACkU/T6wRAqBw6P0PV5xlVeavWVBE7AHefUPqQCLcB/s1600/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZopqVa84KVo/V4qiRRwvn8I/AAAAAAAACkU/T6wRAqBw6P0PV5xlVeavWVBE7AHefUPqQCLcB/s400/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B6.jpg" width="326" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"Star of Bethlehem Quilt," made by Rebecca Davis ca. 1846.&nbsp; Measuring </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">80 X 94 inches, it was a gift of Mrs. Andrew Galbraith Carey, acc. # 1980.498.3.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">According to the Museum's website, "In the pieced blocks, the quilting stitches follow the star shapes with parallel lines.&nbsp; In the plain white blocks, the quilting pattern alternates between four tulips and four leaves.&nbsp; The quilt has a cotton-batting filling, and the back is of plain white woven cotton.&nbsp; There are partial English design registration marks on some of pieces of fabric."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hqvGNwdyXPY/V4qj3RM5JhI/AAAAAAAACkk/zecXAKNY5P85O8ESPM5t-xzDwTQ9j-qiwCLcB/s1600/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hqvGNwdyXPY/V4qj3RM5JhI/AAAAAAAACkk/zecXAKNY5P85O8ESPM5t-xzDwTQ9j-qiwCLcB/s400/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B7.jpg" width="385" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"Star of Bethlehem Quilt" ca. 1835.&nbsp; It measures 122 X 122 inches.&nbsp; Purchase, Sandbury-Mills</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Fund., acc. # 1973.204.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">"The presence of paired Baltimore orioles printed on the English chintz in the four corner blocks makes Maryland a likely candidate for the place of origin."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-L0youKOFU10/V4qk4HQ2mHI/AAAAAAAACks/VXtMeDcMH2giSwS7qlYFmKb4ESRj-8TEACLcB/s1600/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-L0youKOFU10/V4qk4HQ2mHI/AAAAAAAACks/VXtMeDcMH2giSwS7qlYFmKb4ESRj-8TEACLcB/s400/MET%2BMUSEUM%2BILLUS%2B8.jpg" width="347" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"Quilt, Star of Bethlehem pattern variation" ca. 1840-50.&nbsp; Measuring 112 1/2 X 107</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">inches, this quilt was a gift of Mr. and Mrs. Sidney Hosmer, 1948, acc.&nbsp;# 48.134.1.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">"Unfortunately, little is known about the provenance of this quilt; however, it can be dated to the mid-nineteenth century by the type and palette of the brightly colored calicos.&nbsp; The clear hues of the reds and yellows are especially notable.&nbsp; This cheerful palette is shared by other quilts in the American Wing's collection, such as 46.152.2, 1980.498.3, and 2011.374, all of which can be accurately dated to the second half of the 1840s."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Mary wishes she had easy access to these quilts and the time to conduct an in-depth study of some of&nbsp; them - study that might reveal a Quaker connection here and there!&nbsp; But, for now, we decided to just share these stunning quilts with all of you.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">You can find out more information, and see additional, high-quality photographs of the quilts (including a few detail shots) by visiting the Museum's website.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:&nbsp; </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">All information herein came directly from the exhibit labels or the website of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.&nbsp; </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><br /><br />Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-61337286771518915112016-07-01T12:00:00.000-07:002016-07-02T09:41:20.767-07:00Independence DayJuly 4th is the day set aside each year to celebrate American independence.&nbsp; With the date fast approaching, Lynda noted that the main fabric in a reproduction quilt she is making celebrates, not only independence, but also the "illustrious sons" of this country's liberty.&nbsp; The quilt she is reproducing is not a Quaker quilt, but rather an Ohio Star quilt made in the 1840s that is part of a private collection.&nbsp; Given the coming holiday, however, she thought it appropriate to acknowledge the commemoration of American independence by writing about the reproduction fabric she is using in her quilt.<br /><br />The original quilt has Ohio Star blocks separated by blocks of a light-red pillar print.&nbsp; The border of the original quilt is a blue pillar print.&nbsp; Lynda was unable to find appropriately-colored reproduction pillar print fabrics but remembered that she had a piece of fabric in her stash that might well do to separate the blocks of Ohio Stars.&nbsp; This fabric was produced by Windham Fabrics as part of its Williamsburg line and is titled "America Presenting at the Altar of Liberty Medallions of Her Illustrious Sons."&nbsp; It is a reproduction of an English furnishing fabric printed about 1785 for the American market.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-O4xNcxrr9qo/V3aqXjBONXI/AAAAAAAACiI/k5iM0CnU-HgtNhbggvf_Ukk07ih7ItrMwCLcB/s1600/Ohio%2BStar%2B7.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="263" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-O4xNcxrr9qo/V3aqXjBONXI/AAAAAAAACiI/k5iM0CnU-HgtNhbggvf_Ukk07ih7ItrMwCLcB/s400/Ohio%2BStar%2B7.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Partial panel from the Windham reproduction fabric "America Presenting at the</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Altar of Liberty Medallions of Her Illustrious Sons," Windham pattern No. 30747.&nbsp; </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">All photographs by Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The&nbsp; commemorative fabrics produced in England for American consumption so soon after American independence indicate the value seen by the British in exploiting the new American market, regardless of the British defeat that produced it.&nbsp; These fabrics were copper-plate printed on cotton or linen, using single colors of red, blue, purple, or brown, and depicting allegorical, mythological,&nbsp;and historic figures copied from existing paintings and prints of the time.﻿</div><br />The fabric Lynda is using depicts George Washington being crowned with a wreath by a figure of Fame.&nbsp; The personification of Liberty attends an altar to the right assisted by Minerva, Commerce, and another symbolic figure.&nbsp; (These are located to the right of the altar and are shown in the photograph below.)&nbsp; Washington is accompanied by America, designated by her feather headdress, holding a medallion featuring the portraits of two men.&nbsp; According to Florence Montgomery:&nbsp; "The artist of this grandiose allegorical scene relied on the engraving by Valentine Green, after John Trumbull's painting of the youthful George Washington, and on portrait engravings of famous Americans by Pierre Eugene du Simitiere, published in both French and English editions."&nbsp; (Montgomery, 279,)<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-PcBGDQUkLfw/V3atEu_z9-I/AAAAAAAACiU/AQSI0ia-HeYKE-xnI1pZ08e64__F5RpvwCLcB/s1600/IMG_1976.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-PcBGDQUkLfw/V3atEu_z9-I/AAAAAAAACiU/AQSI0ia-HeYKE-xnI1pZ08e64__F5RpvwCLcB/s400/IMG_1976.JPG" width="382" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Minerva, Commerce and another figure to the right of the Altar of Liberty.&nbsp; Detail of the </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Windham Fabrics reproduction fabric titled "America Presenting at the Altar of Liberty</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Medallions of Her Illustrious Sons."</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The portraits portrayed on the fabric's medallions include those of&nbsp; Benedict Arnold, Silas Deane, John Dickinson (a Quaker), William Henry Drayton, Benjamin Franklin, Horatio Gates, John Jay, John Laurens, Joseph Reed, William Thompson, and Fredrich Wilhelm Von Steuben.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;" Benedict Arnold?," one might ask! Prior to his defection to the British in 1780, Arnold was considered a hero of the Revolutionary War.&nbsp; Two years after his defection, the war ended with the Battle of Yorktown and the American defeat of the British.&nbsp; The fabric depicting Benedict Arnold on one of the medallions was printed about 1785 but probably was designed earlier.&nbsp; Perhaps word of Arnold's treacherous actions had not reached England before the fabric plates were engraved.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-iy4-mN2F_bQ/V3awWR_PlAI/AAAAAAAACig/vnk2Xs65swAqYhu78Np0jmVd9NaJi29hgCLcB/s1600/Benedict%2BArnold%2BWikimedia%2BCommons.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-iy4-mN2F_bQ/V3awWR_PlAI/AAAAAAAACig/vnk2Xs65swAqYhu78Np0jmVd9NaJi29hgCLcB/s320/Benedict%2BArnold%2BWikimedia%2BCommons.jpg" width="260" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Benedict Arnold.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp; Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Evidence of the use of figures on textiles that were copied from other media is provided by the figure of George Washington on a similar fabric of the same period titled "The Apotheosis of Washington and Franklin."&nbsp; The standing figure of Washington on both fabrics is identical with the exception that&nbsp; his head is bare on the fabric shown above but bears a hat on the Apotheosis fabric.&nbsp; This fabric shows him standing, reins in hand, in a chariot drawn by leopards and accompanied by a figure of America holding a plaque that reads:&nbsp; "American Independence, 1776."&nbsp; Above them, Benjamin Franklin and Athena are portrayed being led by Liberty toward the Temple of Fame carrying a banner that reads: "Where Liberty Dwells There Is My Country."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Lynda's reproduction quilt top (soon to be quilt) contains other elements reminiscent of American independence.&nbsp; These are the stars that separate blocks of the commemorative fabric.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-fuyUZjTRRYs/V3a0YMduYyI/AAAAAAAACis/8hxKmzGrjDwg-Rwz7-Rw7MwqKE33hHDDACLcB/s1600/Ohio%2BStar%2B6.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-fuyUZjTRRYs/V3a0YMduYyI/AAAAAAAACis/8hxKmzGrjDwg-Rwz7-Rw7MwqKE33hHDDACLcB/s400/Ohio%2BStar%2B6.JPG" width="388" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Portion of Lynda's reproduction quilt top showing the use of Ohio Star blocks</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">to separate the blocks of commemorative fabric.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The fabrics used for the Ohio Stars are reproduction fabrics from Lynda's stash, some of them from the American Quilt Study Group (AQSG) fabric line titled "Circa 1825" by Sharon Yenter &amp; Jason Yenter for In The Beginning Fabrics (2014).&nbsp; The following photographs show fabrics from this line.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-vDtMtefbu68/V3a1fXbbxpI/AAAAAAAACi4/QnQW2Me6HooLz7K95g4C3tEwB92kZcERgCLcB/s1600/Ohio%2BStar%2B1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-vDtMtefbu68/V3a1fXbbxpI/AAAAAAAACi4/QnQW2Me6HooLz7K95g4C3tEwB92kZcERgCLcB/s400/Ohio%2BStar%2B1.JPG" width="382" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-RkupFWjDTD8/V3a1qNx2NFI/AAAAAAAACi8/OX7bR1SaeIQDNAgm2mZDuDZlPw3xtYu8gCLcB/s1600/Ohio%2BStar%2B11.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-RkupFWjDTD8/V3a1qNx2NFI/AAAAAAAACi8/OX7bR1SaeIQDNAgm2mZDuDZlPw3xtYu8gCLcB/s400/Ohio%2BStar%2B11.JPG" width="392" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-p65xFXdXuVY/V3a10SD0C5I/AAAAAAAACjA/2vB95HEkpmUQpwVqo0OlLt_UUBYqFtPnQCLcB/s1600/Ohio%2BStar%2B5.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="371" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-p65xFXdXuVY/V3a10SD0C5I/AAAAAAAACjA/2vB95HEkpmUQpwVqo0OlLt_UUBYqFtPnQCLcB/s400/Ohio%2BStar%2B5.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-no_UmmI66Ew/V3a1_anB3eI/AAAAAAAACjE/UZGDPyV0HXwQT5ZpzEXufXLO9orb94ETQCLcB/s1600/Ohio%2BStar%2B10.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="386" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-no_UmmI66Ew/V3a1_anB3eI/AAAAAAAACjE/UZGDPyV0HXwQT5ZpzEXufXLO9orb94ETQCLcB/s400/Ohio%2BStar%2B10.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LPqC_9ia1Lo/V3a2LTvvkAI/AAAAAAAACjI/Ya7LiczjjCA1Am9SY7lAJUHWdJ8DwsrxACLcB/s1600/Ohio%2BStar%2B4.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LPqC_9ia1Lo/V3a2LTvvkAI/AAAAAAAACjI/Ya7LiczjjCA1Am9SY7lAJUHWdJ8DwsrxACLcB/s400/Ohio%2BStar%2B4.JPG" width="382" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Lynda had been wondering what to call this quilt, once it is finished.&nbsp; Since it inspired this post, she has decided to call it Independence Day.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;Happy 4th of July to all of our American readers!&nbsp; And, have a lovely summer to our other readers throughout the world.&nbsp; We thank you all for visiting our blog.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Affleck, Diane L. Fagan and Paul Hudson.&nbsp; <em>Celebration and Remembrance, Commemorative Textiles in America, 1790-1990</em>.&nbsp;Lowell, MA: &nbsp;Museum of American Textile History, 1990.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Frankliniana Data Base, The Philips Museum of Art, Franklin &amp; Marshall College, Lancaster, PA accessed 6/26/ 2016 at <a href="http://www.benfranklin300.org/frankliniana/result.php?id=679&amp;sec=1">http://www.benfranklin300.org/frankliniana/result.php?id=679&amp;sec=1</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;Montgomery, Florence M.&nbsp; <em>Printed Textiles, English and American Cottons and Linens, 1700-1860.</em>&nbsp; New York: The Viking Press, 1970.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Powell, G. Julie.&nbsp; <em>The Fabric of Persuasion, Two Hundred Years of Political Quilts</em>.&nbsp; Chadds Ford, PA:&nbsp; Brandywine River Museum, 2000.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c)&nbsp; Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-45271441172391340082016-06-15T15:39:00.002-07:002016-06-16T14:59:03.046-07:00Some History of Apple Pie RidgeThe story of the Apple Pie Ridge Star quilt block applique pattern begins with Janney Wilson, the former owner of the <em>Hollingsworth Family Quilt</em>.&nbsp; According to his cousin Janney Lupton, Wilson pointed to one of the corner blocks of this quilt and declared to her that, "My grandmother called that an Apple Pie Ridge Star."&nbsp; You can see this pattern in the four corners of the quilt, as well as in the column farthest right.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-1_anmAhxOro/V2HIqrb7lPI/AAAAAAAAChI/Sr9yO3S7HoIweJ2XGWi6INextylo43yyACLcB/s1600/img628.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-1_anmAhxOro/V2HIqrb7lPI/AAAAAAAAChI/Sr9yO3S7HoIweJ2XGWi6INextylo43yyACLcB/s400/img628.jpg" width="362" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>Hollingsworth Family Quilt</em>, 1858.&nbsp; Collection of the </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society.&nbsp; Photograph</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">by Barbara Tricarico.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Janney Lupton, who made a reproduction of this quilt, was the first to publish the name "Apple Pie Ridge Star" in an article for the magazine <em>Traditional Quilter</em>.<em>&nbsp; </em>Since then, the name has appeared in just a few other publications and, in truth, Janney Wilson and his grandmother are the only people who knew it as such (as far as we know).&nbsp; Nonetheless, the name has gained wide appeal&nbsp;in the quilting community. A variation of a <em>fleur-de-lis</em> medallion, the pattern is also referred to as Snowflake, True Lover's Knot, Conventional Scroll, and a Kansas Pattern.&nbsp; One quilter even called it a Lobster.&nbsp; Like many quilt block pattern names, "Apple Pie Ridge Star" appears to be a local name for a pattern observed elsewhere under different names.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-was6A3XqXlE/V2HKnuwP-DI/AAAAAAAAChU/8l5pwC92RgYEH2liZoqQ0ZNs7p4e3qgwwCLcB/s1600/img629.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="311" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-was6A3XqXlE/V2HKnuwP-DI/AAAAAAAAChU/8l5pwC92RgYEH2liZoqQ0ZNs7p4e3qgwwCLcB/s320/img629.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>Hollingsworth Family Quilt</em>, detail.&nbsp; Photograph by Mary</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Holton Robare.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Apple Pie Ridge is an approximately nine-mile stretch of road in an area of countryside just outside of Winchester in Frederick County, Virginia.&nbsp; Quaker settlers arrived there from Pennsylvania in the 1730s.&nbsp; Nineteenth-century accounts invariably report good relations between the new Quaker immigrants and Native Americans who originally populated the land.&nbsp; In <em>A History of the Valley of Virginia,</em> the author wrote, "Tradition relates that several tracts of land were purchased by Quakers from the Indians on Apple Pie Ridge," and that "the Indians never were known to disturb people residing on the land so purchased."&nbsp; From today's standpoint, one wishes we had more knowledge of Native American perspectives.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Not all of the earliest immigrant settlers on the Ridge were Quakers but Friends were a dominant presence.&nbsp; They maintained two Meetings, "Upper Ridge" and "Lower Ridge", and Quaker records are peppered with references to the locale.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The area was originally surveyed with the help of a young sixteen-year-old, pre-presidential George Washington around 1749.&nbsp; When one of his early jobs was resurveyed in 1854, the surveyor remarked, "I have never followed a more accurate survey, either in calls, lines, or quality."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The area appears as "Apple Pie Ridge" on a map as early as 1809.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-4gpANiKVdMo/V2HNocnfZcI/AAAAAAAAChg/doZDrQnZXbMAXRKkRT7J3txe203FVtfjACLcB/s1600/img630.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-4gpANiKVdMo/V2HNocnfZcI/AAAAAAAAChg/doZDrQnZXbMAXRKkRT7J3txe203FVtfjACLcB/s400/img630.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>"Map of Frederick, Berkeley, &amp; Jefferson counties in the state of Virginia,"</em> 1809, detail.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">In 1758, Lord Fairfax sent a request on behalf of Lewis Neill (a resident of Frederick County, Virginia) for "some Golden Pipin, Nonpareil, Aromatic, and Meldar Apple grafts [...]"</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Reportedly, William H. Brown's orchard had been planted on the Ridge with the help of Friends exiled from Philadelphia to Virginia during the Revolutionary War.&nbsp; Another account suggests Revolutionary War-era Hessian prisoners planted the orchard.&nbsp; Either way, the history suggests orchards were an important part of the locale as early as the 1700s.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Flqd-hUxgc0/V2HPTnypuTI/AAAAAAAAChs/MISp_3BtEfI3b7Ga7GaS_4wGPcTsfftNACLcB/s1600/img631.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="256" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Flqd-hUxgc0/V2HPTnypuTI/AAAAAAAAChs/MISp_3BtEfI3b7Ga7GaS_4wGPcTsfftNACLcB/s400/img631.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">There are several colorful legends about how this still-picturesque countryside received its name.&nbsp; One story is that those aforementioned Revolutionary War-era Hessian prisoners of war walked "north to the ridge on Sunday afternoons to enjoy the delicious apple pies cooked by Quaker housewives."&nbsp; Another version suggests the name derived from glimpses of Quaker ladies through windows of their horse-drawn carriages carrying apple pies made for after-worship fellowship.&nbsp; Most humorous is the suggestion that Quaker-made apple pies "were so tough that the Hessians sometimes used them as brakes or chokes for their wagons as they traveled the ridge."&nbsp; Regardless of how the ridge got its name, it apparently involved Quakers and apple pies.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">One of the earliest Quaker houses on Apple Pie Ridge, "Cherry Row", is still standing, beautifully restored and maintained.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TGZbe1GkyK8/V2HQyeuD1VI/AAAAAAAACh4/gfxeIupWIOwgLVvf7aNy89CAmONJzha_gCLcB/s1600/img632.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="293" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TGZbe1GkyK8/V2HQyeuD1VI/AAAAAAAACh4/gfxeIupWIOwgLVvf7aNy89CAmONJzha_gCLcB/s400/img632.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"Cherry Row" built 1794.&nbsp; Courtesy of the Powers Family.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">David Lupton began construction of Cherry Row in 1794.&nbsp; It was a model for its time, boasting (reportedly) the first windows hung on weights in the Shenandoah Valley, water brought into the house through pipes from a spring, and built-in cabinetry.&nbsp; There was also "[. . .] a vaulted wine cellar, but the master of the house abandoned the use of that beverage after hearing a temperance talk at Hopewell Meeting."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">There are several mid-nineteenth century quilts made by the Quakers of Apple Pie Ridge, and even more that contain the names of its residents inscribed in ink on their blocks.&nbsp; Four of their signature album quilts contain so-called "Apple Pie Ridge Stars."&nbsp; They share several other quilt block patterns as well, but none have such a charming name.&nbsp; It is now attached in so many minds to one particular pattern.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">By sharing this brief history, the hope is that familiarity might allow imaginative readers to consider the "Apple Pie Ridge Star" in relation to a past time, place, and community in the Valley of Virginia.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Joliffe, William.&nbsp; <em>The Joliffe Neill and Janney Families of Virginia 1652 - 1893</em>.&nbsp; Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1893.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Kercheval, Samuel.&nbsp;<em> A History of the Valley of Virginia</em>, Sixth Printing, Fourth Edition.&nbsp; Harrisburg, VA: C. J. Carrier Company, 1833.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Lupton, Janney.&nbsp; "Hollingsworth Revisited: A Labor of Love."&nbsp; In <em>Traditional Quilter</em>, November, 1998.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Quarles, Garland R.&nbsp; <em>Some Old Homes in Frederick County, Virginia</em>.&nbsp; Winchester, VA: Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society, 1999.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Robare, Mary Holton.&nbsp; "The Apple Pie Ridge Star."&nbsp; In <em>Blanket Statements</em>, 88, edited by Gaye Ingram.&nbsp; Lincoln, NE: American Quilt Study Group, 2007.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Varle, Charles and Benjamin Jones.&nbsp; <em>Map of Frederick, Berkeley, &amp; Jefferson counties in the state of Virginia.</em>&nbsp; Philadelphia: s.n., 1809.&nbsp; Retrieved from the Library of Congress at <a href="http://www.loc.gov/item/2008621756">http://www.loc.gov/item/2008621756</a>.&nbsp; Accessed June 8, 2016.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society web site accessed June 8, 2016.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-86657923615410825732016-06-01T18:53:00.002-07:002016-06-01T18:53:34.822-07:00Penn Dry Goods Market & a New (Old) Apple Pie Ridge StarOn Saturday, May 14th, Mary had the pleasure of presenting a lecture on the "Apple Pie Ridge Star" quilt block pattern at the Schwenkfelder Library &amp; Heritage Center in Pennsburg, Pennsylvania, during its Penn Dry Goods Market event.&nbsp; You may remember reading about this pattern in three of our 2012 &nbsp;posts on February 3rd, February 12th, and November 11th.&nbsp; The pattern, which is essentially a variation of a fleur-de-lis medallion, is known by many names including (among others) "Snowflake" and a "Kansas Pattern."<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-03Pbc17h8NU/V08icUmds7I/AAAAAAAACgA/fPv0fREBQ9wkW5nqoWh-9YJ1XDoI5T4hgCLcB/s1600/aprs%2B1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="366" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-03Pbc17h8NU/V08icUmds7I/AAAAAAAACgA/fPv0fREBQ9wkW5nqoWh-9YJ1XDoI5T4hgCLcB/s400/aprs%2B1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>Hollingsworth Family Quilt</em>, c. 1858, detail.&nbsp; Collection of the Winchester-Frederick</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">County Historical Society, Winchester, Virginia.&nbsp; All photos in this post by </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mary Holton Robare.</span></div><br />Apple Pie Ridge Star was a name assigned to the pattern by Janney Wilson when he pointed to the corner of a quilt he owned at the time and declared to his cousin, "My grandmother called that an Apple Pie Ridge Star."&nbsp; Janney Lupton, the cousin to whom he was talking, subsequently published the name in a magazine article for <em>Traditional Quilter</em> in 1997. Since then, the name has caught on in the quilting community.<br /><br />Much to Mary's delight,&nbsp;two of her friends, Paul and Nancy Hahn, were vending for the Antiques Show portion of the Penn Dry Goods Market events.&nbsp; Below are two views of their booth.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-L223wpiRQtE/V08j111C2CI/AAAAAAAACgM/R6o-KikYYG4-yxtPY7tXFxXrW-dypuq-QCLcB/s1600/aprs%2B2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-L223wpiRQtE/V08j111C2CI/AAAAAAAACgM/R6o-KikYYG4-yxtPY7tXFxXrW-dypuq-QCLcB/s400/aprs%2B2.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6iwpRfdsefo/V08kCriYDYI/AAAAAAAACgQ/rlvzwd_bE5QCi0c3uQ7pkYI_ZJFvhiH9QCLcB/s1600/aprs%2B3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6iwpRfdsefo/V08kCriYDYI/AAAAAAAACgQ/rlvzwd_bE5QCi0c3uQ7pkYI_ZJFvhiH9QCLcB/s400/aprs%2B3.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Paul had just discovered an unfinished quilt top block, dated 1848, in the booth of another dealer, Ani DeFazio.&nbsp; Not being familiar with the pattern, Paul was simply interested in its early fabric, date, and inscription.&nbsp; It was not until Nancy looked more closely that she recognized the pattern from previous discussions about it with Mary.&nbsp; And, thus, another so-called "Apple Pie Ridge Star" was found!</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">It was Ani's understanding that the block was originally found in Pennsylvania.&nbsp; Although there is no connection in its provenance to the area of Virginia countryside called the Apple Pie Ridge, the pattern of this block is identical to the block Janney Wilson identified as "Apple Pie Ridge Star."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-n9MQVV0SFK8/V0-ChIDz67I/AAAAAAAACgg/Rz9AaetbBM4QS3fSUDYxnSRNV6F_nBZwACLcB/s1600/aprs%2B4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-n9MQVV0SFK8/V0-ChIDz67I/AAAAAAAACgg/Rz9AaetbBM4QS3fSUDYxnSRNV6F_nBZwACLcB/s400/aprs%2B4.jpg" width="348" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Appliqued so-called "Apple Pie Ridge Star," dated 1848.&nbsp; Collection</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">of Paul and Nancy Hahn.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The earliest American dated and documented example of this pattern on a quilt block&nbsp;occurred in Baltimore in 1844, but within just a few years it appears on quilts from other states as well.&nbsp; Of the approximately fifty examples of quilts containing Apple Pie Ridge Stars that Mary has studied, the "stars" are made of predominantly red fabric.&nbsp; As more examples of the pattern come to light, other colors may be found but for now, the blue and tan colors of this fabric make this block unusual.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Its inscription is still legible.&nbsp; By entering the first line in a search of Google Books, Mary was able to identify the verse, which is transcribed below.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">May future years still give to thee</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">A clear unclouded brow</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">And innocence &nbsp;and loveliness</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Be with thee then as now.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">August 12th 1848&nbsp; Roxanna S. Sawyer</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-s5czJCuXPb0/V0-EzCJOTGI/AAAAAAAACgs/8HlVlGvLY94c2xb1m9JT9O4-O_HUReMvwCLcB/s1600/aprs%2B5.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-s5czJCuXPb0/V0-EzCJOTGI/AAAAAAAACgs/8HlVlGvLY94c2xb1m9JT9O4-O_HUReMvwCLcB/s400/aprs%2B5.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The verse is from <em>A Golden Gift: A Token for All Season</em> by Josiah Moody Fletcher.&nbsp; Published in 1846 by J. Buffum, its editor J. M. Fletcher prefaced the book by explaining:&nbsp; "In this little volume the compiler has endeavored to unite a collection, which, by combining poetic talent and high moral sentiment with the social and intellectual, should form an elegant and appropriate present for all seasons and occasions."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Who was Roxanna S. Sawyer?&nbsp; Without any context other than a name and the date 1848, Mary wasn't sure an identification was possible.&nbsp; Amazingly though, a Roxanna Stewart Sawyer (born 1837-1839, died 1909)&nbsp; turned up in searches of census, cemetery, and death records.&nbsp; Her name was occasionally connected by family relationships to other, identical individuals.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Roxanna was the daughter of a physician, Jacob Sawyer, and his wife Mary Ann (McGowan).&nbsp; The family lived in Carlisle, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania.&nbsp; Roxanna never married.&nbsp; Since she retained her maiden name throughout her life, it was possible to track her through records until her death in 1909.&nbsp; She was buried in the Carlisle Public Graveyard.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Interestingly, this Roxanna was just about eleven years old when her name was written in ink on the block.&nbsp; We know from the plethora of existing historical needlework samplers that girls as young as five or six years old were capable of very fine work, but there may be another explanation for her name appearing on the block.&nbsp; A name inscribed on a block did not necessarily mean that the block was made and inscribed by the person whose name appears.&nbsp; For example, even names of deceased individuals appear on blocks of historical quilts, so unless a block was made and inscribed by a ghost, such blocks were inscribed by others to denote someone else's identity.&nbsp; Whether this was done for a living or deceased individual, this type of signature is called an "allograph."&nbsp; It is possible that someone else signed the block for Roxanna.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">A couple of additional cautionary notes:&nbsp; although preliminary research does not find other likely individuals with a name that fits the timeframe of the inscription we must consider the possibility that this is not the correct identification of Roxanna.&nbsp; As to why this block was made, we will never know if it was intended for a quilt that was completed, minus Roxanna's block, or for whom it was being made.&nbsp; However, we are thrilled to have one more early, dated example of the block pattern many now call the Apple Pie Ridge Star.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Thank you to Ani DeFazio of Ani DiFazio Antiques, Fine 18th &amp; 19th Century Antiques, <a href="mailto:ani.difazio.antiques@gmail.com">ani.difazio.antiques@gmail.com</a>, and to Paul and Nancy Hahn for sharing the new (old) </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Apple Pie Ridge Star.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ancestry.com Find a Grave Index, 1600s -Current (2012)&nbsp;and U.S. City Directories,&nbsp; 1822 - 1995 (2011).</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">"United States Census, 1900" database with images, FamilySearch/&nbsp; Accessed 16 May 2016: Roxanna Sawyer in the household of Daniel A. Sawyer, Carlisle borough Ward 4, Cumberland, Pennsylvania, United States citing sheet 11B, family 266, NARA microfilm publication T623 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Record Admin, n.d.)&nbsp; FHL microfilm 1,241,400.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>Wills, 1750-1908; Admin Books</em>, 1750-1906.&nbsp; Author Cumberland County (Pennsylvania).&nbsp; Register of Wills, Probate Place: Cumberland Pennsylvania.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Year: 1870, Census Place: Carlisle West Ward, Cumberland, Pennsylvania; Roll: M593_1332; Page: 321A; image: 373949; Family History Library Film: 552831.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-64439167369050154542016-05-16T10:42:00.003-07:002016-05-16T10:42:48.192-07:00Remembering Family and Friends by NameFriendship quilts bearing inscribed names, verses, and art work appeared in America in the 1840s, peaked in popularity in the 1850s, and then slowly declined as a favored quilt-type through the 1870s.&nbsp; By that time, the deprivation caused by the Civil War had begun to turn to prosperity and women turned to new fads in quilt making, especially the crazy-quilt that featured richer fabrics than cottons and were often embellished with ribbons, lace, beads, and embroidery.&nbsp; The cotton friendship quilt&nbsp;did not disappear, however, and is made to this day for special occasions and fund raising purposes.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-N4_YnDuoGD0/Vzn34fUPL0I/AAAAAAAACek/AOXwf0pNJsAcL_9SarSuDiiOf8gAqAfCwCLcB/s1600/img624.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-N4_YnDuoGD0/Vzn34fUPL0I/AAAAAAAACek/AOXwf0pNJsAcL_9SarSuDiiOf8gAqAfCwCLcB/s400/img624.jpg" width="361" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Single-pattern friendship quilt dated 1869 from Belmont County, Ohio.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The quilt measures 79 1/2 X 89 inches.&nbsp; Names are inscribed on the cross-bars</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">of all of the blocks.&nbsp; "Forget Me Not" is inscribed on a block bearing the name of </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Ann Davis from Sulphur Springs, Perry County, Ohio.&nbsp; Collection of Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/--WZ3Be9H-M0/Vzn4sWvKrLI/AAAAAAAACes/Ub4ymM6M6bA0_61Sxc7fL3InXaH17NzfwCLcB/s1600/Ohio%2Bquilt%2Bsignature.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/--WZ3Be9H-M0/Vzn4sWvKrLI/AAAAAAAACes/Ub4ymM6M6bA0_61Sxc7fL3InXaH17NzfwCLcB/s400/Ohio%2Bquilt%2Bsignature.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Close-up of the block bearing the name Ann Davis.&nbsp; The sentiment "Forget Me</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Not" is inscribed on the lower left and is underlined by the inscriber.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The popularity of the inscribed friendship quilt during the nineteenth century was caused, in part, by the sense of community these quilts conveyed.&nbsp; They provided a way for family and friends to gather together to make something for a loved and respected member of their community - something that documented and commemorated that community and acknowledged significant life events such as marriage or the departure of families from their communities.&nbsp; Members of the Religious Society of Friends, in particular, documented family and community relationships and events in this way.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The inscriptions of names on friendship quilts was accomplished by writing directly on quilt blocks in ink, stamping names or using name stencils applied by ink, or stitching names on blocks using embroidery or cross-stitch.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-AdMaSHLfO7U/Vzn6MjVryKI/AAAAAAAACe4/covOhETJjQYooKqEisiowvQxmqEV03AYgCLcB/s1600/IMG_0384.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-AdMaSHLfO7U/Vzn6MjVryKI/AAAAAAAACe4/covOhETJjQYooKqEisiowvQxmqEV03AYgCLcB/s640/IMG_0384.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Hand-written name (Hannah Starr) and town (Newfield) on a friendship quilt from upstate</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">New York, ca. 1840-1850.&nbsp; Collection of Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-HNlFtAGSnBg/Vzn6qMgCvTI/AAAAAAAACe8/UZdN3qOLI0M8fH8Gqxa_d88fsrh0LynTwCLcB/s1600/signature%2Bstamp%2B3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="313" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-HNlFtAGSnBg/Vzn6qMgCvTI/AAAAAAAACe8/UZdN3qOLI0M8fH8Gqxa_d88fsrh0LynTwCLcB/s400/signature%2Bstamp%2B3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Example of the imprint of a metal stamp, first inked and then applied to a friendship</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">quilt block for later signature within the decorative motif.&nbsp; Type could also be set in </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">metal stamps like this, providing the name at the same time the stamp was applied.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Collection of Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wnCbr9yOGug/Vzn7Kawx55I/AAAAAAAACfE/MyoGjPVUmAMRIIREcxyu4BDaHtCXmw2pACLcB/s1600/img621.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="203" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wnCbr9yOGug/Vzn7Kawx55I/AAAAAAAACfE/MyoGjPVUmAMRIIREcxyu4BDaHtCXmw2pACLcB/s400/img621.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Typeset or stenciled name on a signature quilt made about 1875 in Bethlehem,</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">New Hampshire.&nbsp; Collection of Pamela Weeks.&nbsp; Photograph by Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Writing directly on fabric with ink using quill or steel pens was a skill often taught to girls in schools of the early to mid-nineteenth century.&nbsp; It is difficult to do without smudging or causing the ink to pool or run because of inconsistent ink application and the fabric density of weave.&nbsp; Not surprisingly, many nineteenth century signature quilts were inscribed by only one trained and experienced hand.&nbsp; The name or names to be applied to each quilt block were written on paper and basted to the block.&nbsp; These annotated blocks were then given to the experienced inscriber who added the names. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-u_KPY9P3PMU/Vzn8nYtdkKI/AAAAAAAACfU/mDsc5ODTqg8N7YMAMw4yrrnzjR2xXY21ACLcB/s1600/Hoover%2Bblock%2Bclose%2Bup.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-u_KPY9P3PMU/Vzn8nYtdkKI/AAAAAAAACfU/mDsc5ODTqg8N7YMAMw4yrrnzjR2xXY21ACLcB/s640/Hoover%2Bblock%2Bclose%2Bup.jpg" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Block with name (Sarah Hoover) written on paper and basted to the block.&nbsp; Collection of</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mZt3tPdxq24/Vzn9Ha2XhKI/AAAAAAAACfY/f6ntD9pDgJILkHSO5XYqeXpt5jaOFRQlACLcB/s1600/smeared%2Bsignature.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mZt3tPdxq24/Vzn9Ha2XhKI/AAAAAAAACfY/f6ntD9pDgJILkHSO5XYqeXpt5jaOFRQlACLcB/s640/smeared%2Bsignature.jpg" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Example of an inexperienced hand.&nbsp; A block inscribed by Mary Ann Curtis of Newfield, New York.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Hard-to-read inscriptions such as this can often be clarified using photo editing software to lighten</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">the ink spread, increase the sharpness of the signature image, and remove "fuzziness."</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Badly smudged or indecipherable signatures cannot be attributed only to those who were inexperienced in writing on fabric with ink.&nbsp; The inks, themselves, were often to blame.&nbsp; Up until the 1840s and the advent of indelible carbon and silver nitrate inks, most permanent inks were made from nutgalls, which contain tannic acid, and ferrous sulfate.&nbsp; These inks were commercially manufactured but could also be made at home and they continued to be homemade products, of inconsistent quality, well into the nineteenth century.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Cellulose materials, which include paper, cotton, and linen, undergo a chemical reaction called hydrolysis when they come into contact with acids.&nbsp; This reaction causes the fibers of linen and cotton to become brittle and break over time, disintegrating the areas on a quilt where a signature or other writing had been placed.&nbsp; In addition, holes and deterioration in printed fabrics of the nineteenth century, especially those with brown or black design elements, is usually caused by acids in the mordant used in the dyeing process.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">A striking example of fabric deterioration from the use of acidic ink is provided by a quilt top in the collections of the Litchfield Historical Society in Litchfield, Connecticut.&nbsp; The quilt top was made in 1857 by Mrs. Ruth Pierce Cogswell (1765-1862) for Mary Pierce.&nbsp; Mrs. Cogswell was ninety-three years old at the time she inscribed verses from the Old Testament on four of the quilt tops corner blocks using iron gall ink.&nbsp; Sadly, indelible carbon inks were available&nbsp;commercially at the time and would not have produced the deterioration shown below.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KRmQqHdMOkM/VzoAzjHmTPI/AAAAAAAACfo/eBbhkKneNukrvrMfYc6cJuOTqEiIrDJMQCLcB/s1600/Litchfield%2Bquilt%2Btop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KRmQqHdMOkM/VzoAzjHmTPI/AAAAAAAACfo/eBbhkKneNukrvrMfYc6cJuOTqEiIrDJMQCLcB/s640/Litchfield%2Bquilt%2Btop.jpg" width="426" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Quilt top made by Mrs. Ruth Pierce Cogswell, 1857.&nbsp; Collection of the Litchfield</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Historical Society, Litchfield, Connecticut.&nbsp; Object number 1920-02-1.&nbsp; Photograph</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">courtesy of the Litchfield Historical Society.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iBjn4Q7JS_s/VzoBbipTc9I/AAAAAAAACfs/GDWxaNN2rwwUvA_LzsBYLHEn5uuKRf2kgCLcB/s1600/Litchfield%2Bquilt%2Btop%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="295" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iBjn4Q7JS_s/VzoBbipTc9I/AAAAAAAACfs/GDWxaNN2rwwUvA_LzsBYLHEn5uuKRf2kgCLcB/s400/Litchfield%2Bquilt%2Btop%2B2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Full photograph of the quilt top made by Mrs. Ruth Pierce Cogswell.&nbsp; Size of top is</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">87 1/2 X 87 1/2 inches.&nbsp; Collection of the Litchfield Historical Society, Litchfield,</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Connecticut.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of the Litchfield Historical Society.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">We are fortunate that so many inscribed friendship quilts have survived from the nineteenth century.&nbsp; By remembering people by name, these quilts provide fertile research opportunities for us to gain insight into the relationships and the social and historical context of lives lived over a century ago.&nbsp; It is always regretful when a life that could have been known through research is "lost" because the ink used to remember that life disintegrated the fabric leaving nothing behind.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Our thanks to Alex Dubois of the Litchfield Historical Society for the photographs of the Cogswell quilt top.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Calvalho, David.&nbsp; <em>Forty Centuries of Ink.</em>&nbsp; Charleston, SC: BiblioBazaar, 2006.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Chenoweth, Lynda Salter.&nbsp; <em>Philena's Friendship Quilt:&nbsp; A Quaker Farewell to Ohio</em>.&nbsp; Athens, OH:&nbsp; Ohio University Press, 2009.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Fox, Sandi.&nbsp;<em> For Purpose and Pleasure, Quilting Together in Nineteenth Century America</em>.&nbsp; Nashville: The Rutledge Hill Press, 1995.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ordonez, Margaret T.&nbsp; "Ink Damage on Nineteenth Century Cotton Signature Quilts." In <em>Uncoverings 1992</em>, 148-168.&nbsp; San Francisco:&nbsp; American Quilt Study Group, 1993.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-31662110060869221292016-05-01T11:10:00.000-07:002016-05-02T11:02:20.512-07:00Naming NamesAnyone who has tried to research people named on nineteenth-century inscribed quilts can attest to the difficulty, at times, of determining just who is who.&nbsp; This difficulty comes from the existence of more than one quilt block displaying the same first and last name.&nbsp; Sometimes this is because one person made and inscribed her name on multiple blocks for the same quilt.&nbsp; Commonly, however, several members of the same family, some bearing the same first and last names, appear on the quilt's blocks. The challenge, in this case, is to do sufficient genealogical research to understand the family relationships and generations represented on the quilt.<br /><br />Emigrants to America in the eighteenth-century brought with them established child naming traditions from the various countries, and within countries the various regions, in which they had lived.&nbsp; While these traditions changed and evolved over time, they often resulted in the reuse of the same family first names, and the use of family surnames as middle names, down through the generations.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Jnckzjnli8c/VyY3SGXFenI/AAAAAAAACc8/3kq4QMz-RTEWWKUg-9PzQZlenoC5m9PwQCLcB/s1600/mother%2Band%2Bchild.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="386" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Jnckzjnli8c/VyY3SGXFenI/AAAAAAAACc8/3kq4QMz-RTEWWKUg-9PzQZlenoC5m9PwQCLcB/s400/mother%2Band%2Bchild.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Chosen first and middle names frequently reflected the desire to honor prior family members from both the mother's and father's lines.&nbsp; Sometimes, rather than a family connection, chosen first or middle names were selected from Hebrew or biblical sources, especially for girls, to reinforce religious convictions or precepts.&nbsp; These names then passed down through the generations as subsequent children were named to honor a former family member who had received such a name.&nbsp; In nineteenth-century America, some parents also chose to name children after a famous person from the worlds of literature, politics, art, or social action.&nbsp; The one constant, regardless of historical naming tradition, was that these traditions were not followed rigidly and cannot be relied upon to decipher family relationships.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;In her study of child naming traditions in early New England, Gloria L. Main found it was common practice to name children after a preceding relative or, in the case of some religions, after a godparent (who was often a grandparent).&nbsp; What differed among groups from different regions in New England was the family member from whom a name was chosen for the first born boy and girl, and for subsequent children.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-YZFxEOg4lSo/VyY6Ap-xnOI/AAAAAAAACdI/gS9C-J4qUsoZayy7U_mpqk7Xd_TBaUiHwCLcB/s1600/children.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="257" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-YZFxEOg4lSo/VyY6Ap-xnOI/AAAAAAAACdI/gS9C-J4qUsoZayy7U_mpqk7Xd_TBaUiHwCLcB/s400/children.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">According to David Hackett Fischer, the Quakers settling in America had a naming tradition that honored both the father's and mother's line in equal measure.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">First born boy was named after the mother's father.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Second born boy was named after the father's father.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Third born boy was named after the father.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">First born girl was named after the father's mother.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Second born girl was named after the mother's mother.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Third born girl was named after the mother.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">It was also common practice among the Quakers to adopt the maiden name of either the father's or mother's mother as part of girls' names.&nbsp; These naming traditions, however, were not always followed by members of the Religious Society of Friends, providing flexibility in the choice of names given to many Quaker children.&nbsp; They were followed often enough, however, to account for people bearing the same names down through the generations.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_GFXsSybeIM/VyY7dAky1wI/AAAAAAAACdU/0ULDlsD1mWobqgV-7_LC03JoikKmLGFrACLcB/s1600/img608.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_GFXsSybeIM/VyY7dAky1wI/AAAAAAAACdU/0ULDlsD1mWobqgV-7_LC03JoikKmLGFrACLcB/s400/img608.jpg" width="393" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Center of Philena Cooper Hambleton's quilt, 1853, bearing the names of her six</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">sisters-and-brothers-in-law.&nbsp; Collection of Lynda Salter Chenoweth.&nbsp; Photograph</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">by Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Benjamin Hambleton family of Columbiana County, Ohio, provides an interesting example of both traditional and non-traditional child naming in a single, early nineteenth-century Quaker family.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Benjamin Hambleton married Ann Hanna, the great-aunt of Senator Marcus Hanna of Ohio, in June of 1815 and had nine children by her, seven of whom survived.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-HIr1V6bj12M/VyY8yfBwvvI/AAAAAAAACdg/07jX47nspPIBSyxJiMwJnBBAdQDGUyqewCLcB/s1600/Anne%2Band%2BBenjamin%2BHambleton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="260" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-HIr1V6bj12M/VyY8yfBwvvI/AAAAAAAACdg/07jX47nspPIBSyxJiMwJnBBAdQDGUyqewCLcB/s320/Anne%2Band%2BBenjamin%2BHambleton.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Ann Hanna (1797-1867) and Benjamin (1789-1865) Hambleton.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">All photographs of the Hambleton family courtesy of the Jerome Walker family.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Their first child was a daughter whom they named Rachel after Benjamin's mother.&nbsp; Rachel was born in 1816.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Their fourth child and second girl was named Catherine Hanna after Ann's mother Catherine and Ann's maiden name.&nbsp; Catherine was born in 1822.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ozSG8aVEjHI/VyY9wamMTKI/AAAAAAAACdo/wuR0NVU-PY0bMpeLvrd8O5dJ1pfqZroQgCLcB/s1600/Catherine%2BH.%2BHambleton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ozSG8aVEjHI/VyY9wamMTKI/AAAAAAAACdo/wuR0NVU-PY0bMpeLvrd8O5dJ1pfqZroQgCLcB/s400/Catherine%2BH.%2BHambleton.jpg" width="267" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Catherine Hanna Hambleton (1822-1893).</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Their ninth child and third surviving girl was named Martha Kester, Kester being the maiden name of Benjamin's mother.&nbsp; Martha was born in 1833.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-IYxeiwnSeNg/VyY-bh8MRaI/AAAAAAAACdw/1pcokQqY1hsFPYat5WkQZiv2kyE3Cg5SACLcB/s320/Martha%2BK.%2BHambleton.jpg" width="257" /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Martha Kester Hambleton (1833-1923),</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">All three of their surviving daughters were named according to Quaker naming traditions.&nbsp; But then we get to the sons!</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Hambletons were vociferous and active abolitionists whose home in Butler Township, Columbiana County, Ohio, was a station on the Underground Railroad leading north to Lake Erie.&nbsp; Benjamin, his oldest daughter Rachel, and his oldest son Osborn, were members of the local New Garden Anti-Slavery Society.&nbsp; His son Osborn founded the Forest Home Anti-Slavery Society in Poweshiek County, Iowa, after he and his wife Philena moved west in 1854-55.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The flexibility in choosing names for Quaker children is aptly illustrated by the names given to Ann's and Benjamin's sons.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Their first born son was named Osborn after Charles Osborn, a local abolitionist and editor of the Lisbon, Ohio, anti-slavery newspaper <em>The Philanthropist.</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em></em>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-vZYODe4tSeg/VyZARqOmsYI/AAAAAAAACd8/gPNWzTSnZPUqEQqwKGaLR2VoI3N2Ff7BgCLcB/s1600/Osborn%2BHambleton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-vZYODe4tSeg/VyZARqOmsYI/AAAAAAAACd8/gPNWzTSnZPUqEQqwKGaLR2VoI3N2Ff7BgCLcB/s400/Osborn%2BHambleton.jpg" width="282" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Osborn Hambleton (1818-1882).</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Their second son was named Levi after the noted abolitionist Levi Coffin.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JspusV_Afy0/VyZA2GEKivI/AAAAAAAACeA/uo8vrCnff6AuCcpkOGnPH0PvR8Y9COi5ACLcB/s1600/Levi%2BHambleton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JspusV_Afy0/VyZA2GEKivI/AAAAAAAACeA/uo8vrCnff6AuCcpkOGnPH0PvR8Y9COi5ACLcB/s320/Levi%2BHambleton.jpg" width="233" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Levi Hambleton (1820-1899).</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Their third son was named Joel Garretson after another Midwestern abolitionist.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-FAB_ocHkm7w/VyZBSNWWN4I/AAAAAAAACeI/uZW-uAAGC3chHMpFtx6JQ2gCBQ9dHNv_gCLcB/s1600/Joel%2BHambleton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-FAB_ocHkm7w/VyZBSNWWN4I/AAAAAAAACeI/uZW-uAAGC3chHMpFtx6JQ2gCBQ9dHNv_gCLcB/s320/Joel%2BHambleton.jpg" width="244" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Joel Garretson Hambleton (1824-1912).</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Their fourth son was named Thomas Clarkson after the Englishman Thomas Clarkson who founded the British Committee for the Abolition of the African Slave Trade in 1787.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bSDajozzEw0/VyZByll8y7I/AAAAAAAACeQ/t1K_TUAaF2sD8h-Sl2rqDImSas4aZOitACLcB/s1600/Thomas%2BC.%2BHambleton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bSDajozzEw0/VyZByll8y7I/AAAAAAAACeQ/t1K_TUAaF2sD8h-Sl2rqDImSas4aZOitACLcB/s400/Thomas%2BC.%2BHambleton.jpg" width="272" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Thomas Clarkson Hambleton ((1831-1903).</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">None of the Hambleton boys were named according to the Quaker naming tradition cited earlier, but all of the girls were.&nbsp; Perhaps like many Puritan families who chose to give their children biblical names based on their religious convictions, the Hambletons chose to select the names for their male children based on social and political convictions that were compatible with their religious beliefs in equality and social justice.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Chenoweth, Lynda Salter.&nbsp; <em>Philena's Friendship Quilt: A Quaker Farewell to Ohio</em>.&nbsp; Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2009.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Fischer, David Hackett.&nbsp; <em>Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America.</em>&nbsp; New York: 1989.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Hambleton, Chalkley.&nbsp; <em>Genealogical Record of the Hambleton Family</em>.&nbsp; Chicago: Published for the author, 1887.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Main, Gloria L.&nbsp; "Naming Children in Early New England" in <em>Journal of Interdisciplinary History</em>, XXVII:I (Summer 1996), 1-27.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span>﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>﻿</em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-68515651213585669642016-04-16T19:21:00.000-07:002016-04-17T17:06:18.802-07:00A Tribute to Alice PaulWe would like to change emphasis this time, turning from Quaker quilts to Quaker history and one Quaker woman, in particular, whose efforts changed the course of women's rights and history in this country.&nbsp;&nbsp;That woman&nbsp;was Alice Paul.<br /><br />President Barack Obama, on the 12th of this month, signed the necessary paperwork under the Antiquities Act to establish a national monument to the history of women's equality in the United States.&nbsp; This act added to the National Park Service the Belmont-Paul Women's Equality National Monument in Washington, D.C.&nbsp; Formerly known as the Sewall-Belmont House and Museum, the property contains a library, museum, and extensive material associated with the National Woman's Party (NWP).&nbsp; The founder of the NWP was Alice Paul who lived and worked at this house as she promoted women's right to vote, rewrote the Equal Rights Amendment, and fought for its passage in Congress.&nbsp; <br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-J0Db3pLP0f0/VxLf-Gt821I/AAAAAAAACbQ/UbTDMre_A4Y5XzVrYOUIIj9ni5RjCy7PQCLcB/s1600/760px-Sewall-Belmont_House.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="315" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-J0Db3pLP0f0/VxLf-Gt821I/AAAAAAAACbQ/UbTDMre_A4Y5XzVrYOUIIj9ni5RjCy7PQCLcB/s400/760px-Sewall-Belmont_House.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The Belmont-Paul Women's Equality National Monument.&nbsp; Source of image:</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Wikimedia Commons.&nbsp; Built by Robert Sewall in 1799- 1800, this is the oldest</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">house still standing in the Capitol Hill neighborhood.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Alice Paul was born in Paulsdale, New Jersey, on January 11, 1885.&nbsp; Her family was descended from William Penn and were participating members of the Religious Society of Friends.&nbsp; Alice attended the Moorestown Friends School and afterwards Swarthmore College, a school co-founded by her grandfather.&nbsp; She graduated from Swarthmore in 1905 with a bachelor's degree in biology.&nbsp; She later attended the University of Pennsylvania, earning both a masters degree and a Ph.D. in sociology.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-dfRdNH-kzJQ/VxLh260OzgI/AAAAAAAACbc/auhv4ICpCaUpkt0e1ryPUS5JXAXQyVi6gCLcB/s1600/Alice%2BPaul%2Bwikipedia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-dfRdNH-kzJQ/VxLh260OzgI/AAAAAAAACbc/auhv4ICpCaUpkt0e1ryPUS5JXAXQyVi6gCLcB/s640/Alice%2BPaul%2Bwikipedia.jpg" width="514" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Alice Paul as a young girl.&nbsp; Source of image: Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Between her bachelor's degree from Swarthmore and attending the University of Pennsylvania, Alice spent a fellowship year working in a settlement house on the Lower East Side of New York.&nbsp; Her experience at the Henry Street Settlement House convinced her that social work was not the way to fight injustice in this country but rather only political action could generate the kind of change that was needed.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Alice continued her studies at the Woodbrooke Quaker Study Centre in Birmingham, England, after completing her masters degree at the University of Pennsylvania.&nbsp; She heard Christabel Pankhurst speak while in Birmingham and later moved to London where she joined the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) led by Christabel and her mother, Emmeline Pankhurst.&nbsp; Affiliation with this group showed Alice the militant side of political action to gain suffrage for women in England. She participated in a number of suffrage demonstrations and was three times arrested for her activities. During her last incarceration, she participated in a hunger strike which resulted in being force-fed and badly injured during the process.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Alice returned to the United States in 1910 and immediately became involved with the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) which, at the time, was languishing due to internal divisions and the death, in 1907, of its former leader Susan B. Anthony.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-e7i4RotHVlM/VxLk013oueI/AAAAAAAACbo/V042fsLZiDsfBj8OSZD2gEdJyjWLKY8jgCLcB/s1600/Alice_Paul1915%2Bpublic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-e7i4RotHVlM/VxLk013oueI/AAAAAAAACbo/V042fsLZiDsfBj8OSZD2gEdJyjWLKY8jgCLcB/s640/Alice_Paul1915%2Bpublic.jpg" width="478" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Alice Paul in 1915.&nbsp; Source of image: Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Alice was already well-known in America from English newspaper articles that described her activity with the WSPU and her incarcerations</span>.&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: small;"> She instantly injected the American movement with renewed vigor and purpose using her organizational skills and lessons learned from the Pankhursts.&nbsp; Her first major project was to organize the 1913 Woman Suffrage Procession which took place in Washington, D.C. the day before President Woodrow Wilson's inauguration.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0jctEr-AcB8/VxLmKSajzdI/AAAAAAAACb0/qGSokP-kPoENjjBW966cVW4ZUN5TB0wWgCLcB/s1600/jb_jazz_sufarrst_3_e.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="295" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0jctEr-AcB8/VxLmKSajzdI/AAAAAAAACb0/qGSokP-kPoENjjBW966cVW4ZUN5TB0wWgCLcB/s400/jb_jazz_sufarrst_3_e.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Program from the Woman Suffrage Procession.&nbsp; Source of image: Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Alice, Lucy Burns, and a group of their colleagues&nbsp;mobilized no fewer than 5,000 women to march in the parade, sending word across the country for women's rights advocates to join them.&nbsp; The resulting spectacle&nbsp;was like nothing before seen in Washington.&nbsp; Alice marched with a group of Swarthmore friends, all dressed in white.&nbsp; They were joined by many college-aged women who had become attracted to the movement by Alice Paul and her followers.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Thousands of spectators lined the streets to either cheer or jeer as the small army of suffragettes passed by with signs and flags, some on horseback.&nbsp; It was reported that Wilson arrived by train in Washington while the procession was underway and demanded to know why there was no crowed of well-wishers to greet him.&nbsp; He was told: "Everyone is watching the Woman Suffrage Parade, Sir."&nbsp; (Stiehm.)&nbsp; He was not pleased and this annoyance only increased what would be a long-standing dislike that Wilson developed for Alice Paul - a feeling that was mutual.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-227TUCP9O84/VxLoBnaymLI/AAAAAAAACcA/Nx9bUDx6b3Qy77pBiXrj1XFeJsfRTOTtQCLcB/s1600/424px-Alice_paul%2Bwith%2Bflag%2Bpublic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-227TUCP9O84/VxLoBnaymLI/AAAAAAAACcA/Nx9bUDx6b3Qy77pBiXrj1XFeJsfRTOTtQCLcB/s640/424px-Alice_paul%2Bwith%2Bflag%2Bpublic.jpg" width="452" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Alice Paul raising a glass to the suffragist banner.&nbsp; Source of image: Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Woman's Suffrage Procession did not end peacefully.&nbsp; Although a permit had been granted to hold the event, the police coverage was not adequate to deal with the open hostility that broke out when a mob of men began hurling bricks and stones at the marchers and some of the police actually joined in the attack. One hundred women were hospitalized from injuries suffered during this violent outbreak and the cavalry was actually called out to stop the bedlam and protect the women marchers.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">If the issue of woman's suffrage had not been given serious attention up until the procession, it certainly was thereafter.&nbsp; Tension grew within NAWSA over the aggressive tactics being employed to earn the vote and, in 1916, Alice broke from the organization and formed the National Woman's Party (NWP).&nbsp; With the NWP, the focus shifted to achieving an amendment to the Constitution while keeping the issue in the forefront through what were called "Silent Sentinels" of woman holding signs demanding the vote, repeated public demonstrations, and even chaining themselves to the gates of the White House to demand passage of an amendment that would give them the vote.&nbsp; Many of the suffragettes, including Alice,&nbsp;were arrested and imprisoned for these activities, living under brutal prison conditions that included force-feeding with hoses when they refused to eat.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-D0ivOS-NKtw/VxLq8DuyvPI/AAAAAAAACcM/tvENSjHUIeMEJXN4arjCPDMttv5wViZGACLcB/s1600/588px-Alice_Paul_1%2Bsewing%2Bwikimedia%2Bcommons.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="326" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-D0ivOS-NKtw/VxLq8DuyvPI/AAAAAAAACcM/tvENSjHUIeMEJXN4arjCPDMttv5wViZGACLcB/s400/588px-Alice_Paul_1%2Bsewing%2Bwikimedia%2Bcommons.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Alice Paul sewing stars on a suffragist banner.&nbsp; Source of image: Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Finally, in June of 1919, the United States Senate&nbsp;passed the suffrage amendment and the battle began to have it ratified by all state legislatures.&nbsp; The Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was finally ratified in August 1920 by one vote in Tennessee.&nbsp; This vote was cast by Assembly Member Henry Burn - but only after his mother, Febb Burn, sent him a telegram demanding that he change his vote to "yes".&nbsp; </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Later in life, Alice fought to provide protection to women in the Civil Rights Act.&nbsp; She was the original author of an Equal Rights Amendment that was passed by the Senate and the House in 1972 but was not approved by the minimum of thirty-eight states needed to ensure its ratification.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Alice lived to be ninety-two years old, passing away at the Quaker Greenleaf Extension Home in Moorestown, New Jersey, on July 9, 1977.&nbsp; She actively promoted women's rights until the end, exemplifying the Quaker expression: "Let your life speak."&nbsp; In 2012, a $10.00 gold piece was issued in her honor and the newly dedicated Belmont-Paul Women's Equality National Monument now also commemorates the contributions of her life and work.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0ApNc9DcvGU/VxLzzMAvHnI/AAAAAAAACcc/ctriBBL5NjkfLgFYU6vImgHP-_j9ksNEgCLcB/s1600/Alice%2BPaul%2Bgold%2Bcoin%2Bpublic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0ApNc9DcvGU/VxLzzMAvHnI/AAAAAAAACcc/ctriBBL5NjkfLgFYU6vImgHP-_j9ksNEgCLcB/s320/Alice%2BPaul%2Bgold%2Bcoin%2Bpublic.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;Selected Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Bacon, Margaret Hope.&nbsp; <em>Mothers of Feminism, The Story of Quaker Women in America</em>.&nbsp; Philadelphia: Friends general Conference, 1986.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">National Park Service announcement of the addition of the Belmont-Paul Woman's Equality Monument to the Park Service System at <a href="http://www.nationalparkstraveler.com/">http://www.nationalparkstraveler.com</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sewall-Belmont House and Museum at <a href="http://sewallbelmont.org/learn/overview">http://sewallbelmont.org/learn/overview</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Stiehm, Jamie.&nbsp; "When Suffrage Was Cool, Our own revolutionary, Alice Paul, crossed the finish line to victory."&nbsp; In the <em>Swarthmore College Bulletin</em>, January, 2014.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span>﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;">﻿</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-89188144094843614312016-04-01T10:29:00.000-07:002016-04-01T10:29:51.488-07:00A Final Glimpse of Eliza Naudain CorbitOur last two posts concerned Eliza Naudain Corbit, her husband Daniel, and his second wife Mary Wilson Corbit.&nbsp; These posts were inspired by a quilt of blocks that Eliza made and distributed to her friends and family for annotation.&nbsp; This quilt is a holding of the Winterthur Museum, Gardens and Library in Winterthur, Delaware.<br /><br />The Historic Odessa Foundation in Odessa, Delaware, also has one of Eliza's creations.&nbsp; This is a quilt top, backed in floral fabric, un-quilted, containing the green printed fabric seen in the Winterthur quilt as well as a variety of other fabrics.&nbsp; The top is comprised of 8 1/2 X 8 1/2 inch blocks, nine across and nine down for a total of eighty-one blocks.&nbsp; The blocks are separated by pieces of three-inch-wide brown printed sashing and display the names of various family members and friends as well as a lengthy verse about the coming of death on a centrally placed block.&nbsp; The date of the quilt is 1844, the year of Eliza's death.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-sWKFG8Jo9OY/Vv6nEvHOqbI/AAAAAAAACao/PaJsQQsYwWcEmPWLYf_uuMPSYt7QgLRaQ/s1600/Eliza%2BN.%2BCorbit%2Btop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-sWKFG8Jo9OY/Vv6nEvHOqbI/AAAAAAAACao/PaJsQQsYwWcEmPWLYf_uuMPSYt7QgLRaQ/s400/Eliza%2BN.%2BCorbit%2Btop.jpg" width="342" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>Eliza Naudain Corbit Quilt Top</em>.&nbsp; The top measures approximately</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">61 1/2 X 72 1/2 inches.&nbsp; The block displaying the lengthy verse is in the fifth row down,</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">the fifth block across, surrounded by blocks with darker green fabrics.&nbsp; Photograph</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">courtesy of the Historic Odessa Foundation, Odessa, Delaware.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Jessica F. Nicoll, in her book <em>Quilted for Friends, Delaware Valley Signature Quilts, 1840-1855</em>,&nbsp;discussed signature quilts of the Delaware Valley and commented that Quaker signature quilts "[...] exhibit stylistic and organizational preferences that were both shaped by and expressive of Quaker beliefs."&nbsp; She further quotes historian Howard Brinton as citing what he believes as "[...] the four basic testimonies of Quakerism:&nbsp;simplicity, equality, peace, and community."&nbsp; (Nicoll, 14.)&nbsp; While others cite different testimonies as most basic to Quakers, such as worship, honesty, and recognizing that of God in everyone, community was central to the everyday life of most historical Quakers.&nbsp; This was exemplified by their close-knit families, their movements from Quaker meeting to Quaker meeting as they migrated from place to place, their prodigious recordkeeping of family life events, and their adoption of signature quilts as a means to represent, document, preserve, and hold close their community of family and friends, whether living or dead.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Eliza's great granddaughter, Mrs. D. Meredith Reese, revealed to Jessica Nicoll that Eliza had suffered from a "lingering illness" which left her an invalid during her last two years of life.&nbsp; Eliza, in fact, began making quilt blocks in 1842 and finished enough of them by the time of her death in 1844 to make the Winterthur quilt and the quilt top at the Historic Odessa Foundation.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-R0ixy7ye8iA/Vv6qBfYNhfI/AAAAAAAACa0/CyDi8guhvWEZ0zf_PIBYim4AhQzQtGw_Q/s1600/Eliza%2BN.%2BCorbit%2Bblock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-R0ixy7ye8iA/Vv6qBfYNhfI/AAAAAAAACa0/CyDi8guhvWEZ0zf_PIBYim4AhQzQtGw_Q/s400/Eliza%2BN.%2BCorbit%2Bblock.jpg" width="376" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Central block of the <em>Eliza Naudain Corbit Quilt Top</em>.&nbsp; Use of photograph</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">courtesy of the Historic Odessa Foundation, Odessa, Delaware.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The central block of the quilt top contains a verse from a hymn written by Isaac Watts.&nbsp; It appeared in <em>Hymns and Spiritual Songs</em> published in 1707.&nbsp; Its reflections on death and the temporal nature of life is, in retrospect, poignant in light of how soon Eliza died in relation to the date of the quilt top.&nbsp; The verse reads:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">"Thus far the Lord hath led me on,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Thus far his power prolongs my days,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">And every evening shall make known</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Some fresh memorial of his grace.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Much of my time has run to waste,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">And perhaps am near my home,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">But he forgives my follies past,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">And gives me strength for days to come.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">I lay my body down to sleep,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Peace is the pillow for my head,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">While well-appointed angels keep</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Their watchful stations round my bed.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Thus when the night of death shall come,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">My flesh shall rest beneath the ground,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">And wait thy voice to touch my tomb,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">With sweet salvation in the sound."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-KeWoRlD4qYg/Vv6sKOLFvzI/AAAAAAAACbA/OepR-af7aTcqpjQWyIYt71tucFodxueOg/s1600/Eliza%2BCorbit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-KeWoRlD4qYg/Vv6sKOLFvzI/AAAAAAAACbA/OepR-af7aTcqpjQWyIYt71tucFodxueOg/s400/Eliza%2BCorbit.jpg" width="356" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Drawing of Eliza Naudain Corbit in the collections of the</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Historic Odessa Foundation.&nbsp; Permission to use the image courtesy</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">of the Historic Odessa Foundation, Odessa, Delaware.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Eliza Naudain Corbit passed away on December 18,1844, undoubtedly surrounded by her family and perhaps some of her close friends.&nbsp; Not all who loved her would have been at her death-bed but the many friends and family members who inscribed their names on her quilt blocks were there at least in spirit.&nbsp; As Jessica Nicoll pointed out when discussing Eliza's quilt top, Eliza had symbolically gathered around her these members of her beloved community as she readied herself for death.&nbsp; (Nicoll, 13.)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Our thanks to Brian Miller of the Historic Odessa Foundation for providing the object record of Eliza's quilt top and for use of the Foundation's photographs.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Nicoll, Jessica F.&nbsp; <em>Quilted for Friends, Delaware Valley Signature Quilts, 1840-1855</em>.&nbsp; Winterthur, DE: The Henry Francis Du Pont Winterthur Museum, 1986.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Object record for item 1971.1317, Historic Odessa Foundation.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">"Thus Far the Lord Hath Led Me On", online at <a href="http://cyberhymnal.org/htm/t/h/thusfarl.htm">http://cyberhymnal.org/htm/t/h/thusfarl.htm</a> accessed March 29, 2016.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c)&nbsp; Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-42159342193976542582016-03-17T10:53:00.000-07:002016-03-17T10:54:48.194-07:00Daniel and Mary Wilson Corbit: Delaware AbolitionistsDaniel Corbit lost his wife Eliza Naudain Corbit in 1844 after twelve years of marriage and six children.&nbsp; One of Eliza's quilts, a holding of the Winterthur Museum, Gardens and Library, was the topic of our last post.&nbsp; The timing of this quilt and the verses inscribed upon it signified the end of Eliza's life with Daniel.&nbsp; He now faced a new life with his cousin, Mary Corbit Wilson, who became his wife three years later.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-XYt17YD_aCU/VurctHE4JKI/AAAAAAAACZI/M7dRTMwULmstEO63j0HapRzqvrTRpAX8g/s1600/eliza%2Bcorbit%2Bquilt%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="345" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-XYt17YD_aCU/VurctHE4JKI/AAAAAAAACZI/M7dRTMwULmstEO63j0HapRzqvrTRpAX8g/s400/eliza%2Bcorbit%2Bquilt%2B2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>The Eliza Naudain Corbit Quilt</em>.&nbsp; Collection of the Winterthur Museum, Gardens</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">and Library.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of the Winterthur Museum, Gardens and Library,</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Winterthur, Delaware.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Daniel Corbit was born on October 2, 1796 to William Corbit (1746-1818) and Mary Cowgill (1761-1845), a couple who had been married in Duck Creek Monthly Meeting, Kent, Delaware, on May 20, 1791.&nbsp; Daniel's father owned a tannery at Cantwell's Bridge (a town renamed Odessa in 1855) and also built what is now known as the Corbit-Sharp house at Main and Second Streets in Odessa.&nbsp; The house was built during the period 1772-1774 and it remained in the family until 1938 when it was purchased by Rodney Sharp and restored.&nbsp; Daniel Corbit was raised in this house and became its owner after his father's death.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-wGJt8moCTcI/VurebbiOOtI/AAAAAAAACZU/oWP10Hd-Dgc-ocpomjKSYFfy3lhjvkipg/s1600/CORBIT-SHARP_HOUSE%252C_ODESSA%252C_DELAWARE.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="263" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-wGJt8moCTcI/VurebbiOOtI/AAAAAAAACZU/oWP10Hd-Dgc-ocpomjKSYFfy3lhjvkipg/s400/CORBIT-SHARP_HOUSE%252C_ODESSA%252C_DELAWARE.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Corbit-Sharp House, Odessa, Delaware.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp; Wikipedia.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Daniel was fifty years old when, in 1847, he married thirty-six year old Mary Corbit Wilson (1811-1880), a cousin and neighbor, and brought her to this house as his wife.&nbsp; A letter to Daniel from Mary dated 8th mo 8th, 1846, expresses her pleasure and reservations about his proposal that she become his wife, voicing concerns that she might be unable to replace his former wife in both his heart and home.&nbsp; In this letter, Mary also mentions the schism that occurred in the Quaker community in 1827 that split the Religious Society of Friends into two factions, the Orthodox and the Hicksite.&nbsp; Daniel was an Orthodox members affiliated with Philadelphia Quakers while Mary and her family appear to have become Hicksites.&nbsp; (See letter citation below.)&nbsp; This turned out not to be an impediment to their marriage as Mary indicated in her letter that she was flexible on the issue.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Daniel eventually took over his father's tannery but, when sources of bark became difficult to obtain, he abandoned the business and turned his full attention to farming.&nbsp; He took up the peach business when farmers along the Delaware-Chesapeake Canal gave it up and developed orchards that produced plentiful fruit and a sizable income.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Wh1h9ZJ0cEo/Vurgv9rcLEI/AAAAAAAACZg/LAxaWZU5O2gEZtztVwIJ9hnRLZ-S4vOQg/s1600/peach%2Borchard%2Bpublic%2Bdomain%2Bpictures.net.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Wh1h9ZJ0cEo/Vurgv9rcLEI/AAAAAAAACZg/LAxaWZU5O2gEZtztVwIJ9hnRLZ-S4vOQg/s400/peach%2Borchard%2Bpublic%2Bdomain%2Bpictures.net.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Peach orchard.&nbsp; Source of image: publicdomainpictures.net.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The peach orchards along with his other farming activities, his financial lending at legal interest rates, time as a member of the state Legislature and member of the Constitutional Convention of 1852, and his position as a Director of the Bank of Smyrna combined to make Daniel a wealthy and much-respected citizen of Delaware.&nbsp; As such, he was asked to run for gubernatorial office but turned down the opportunity because, if elected, he'd have to serve as commander in chief for the state.&nbsp; His Quaker faith and anti-war beliefs prevented him from doing this.&nbsp; His faith, however, did not prevent him and Mary from waging an on-going battle to liberate those held as slaves in Delaware and elsewhere.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Odessa's central location gave it a pivotal role in the movement of blacks fleeing the south through Delaware on one of the routes of the Underground Railroad.&nbsp; This route passed through or near the towns of Camden, Dover, Blackbird, Middletown, Odessa, and New Castle, all of which provided "stations" on the railroad where escaping slaves could be briefly housed before being passed on to railroad "conductors" who transported them to the next station north or showed them the way to proceed on their own.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ebUGUPFvjvM/Vurkohq8xoI/AAAAAAAACZs/gpnvZEx7ZrQgyFgwCJR2N4pJ8lPn-t4EA/s1600/Charles_T__Webber_-_The_Underground_Railroad_-_wikimedia%2Bcommons.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="271" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ebUGUPFvjvM/Vurkohq8xoI/AAAAAAAACZs/gpnvZEx7ZrQgyFgwCJR2N4pJ8lPn-t4EA/s400/Charles_T__Webber_-_The_Underground_Railroad_-_wikimedia%2Bcommons.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>The Underground Railroad </em>by Charles T. Webber, 1893.&nbsp; Source of image:</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Daniel and Mary Corbit's house was one of the "stations" in Odessa that assisted slaves moving north.&nbsp; Mary Corbit Warner, the daughter of Daniel and Mary Wilson Corbit, speaking at a gathering of the Delaware Chapter of the Colonial Dames of America in 1914, recounted an incident in which her mother received a slave named Sam at the backdoor of the Corbit-Sharp house.&nbsp; He was fleeing from a sheriff's posse and sought her help.&nbsp; Daniel was away at the time but Mary took Sam in and hid him in a tiny attic closet with a miniscule door.&nbsp; When the sheriff and two others knocked at Mary's door, she let them in and gave them permission to search the house.&nbsp; Although they saw the small closet door in the attic, they remarked that it was too small for a man to pass through so did not explore it.&nbsp; They eventually left the house without discovering Sam.&nbsp; When they were gone, Mary was said to have taken Sam a quilt and some food so that he could be as comfortable as possible until nightfall when it would be safe for him to move on.&nbsp; Sam safely made it to Pennsylvania and wrote to Mary from there thanking her for her help.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xxl-7r9iEJs/VurnGdRIK0I/AAAAAAAACZ4/iDeAQGK4D0oEzEAls5fKNTB-7rFKrQxLw/s1600/Corbit%2BSharp%2Bstairway%2BLOC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xxl-7r9iEJs/VurnGdRIK0I/AAAAAAAACZ4/iDeAQGK4D0oEzEAls5fKNTB-7rFKrQxLw/s400/Corbit%2BSharp%2Bstairway%2BLOC.jpg" width="285" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Stairwayin the Corbit-Sharp house leading to the upper floor</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">and the attic.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp; Library of Congress, Prints</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">and Photographs Online Catalog.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Another Corbit property, Clearfield Farm, also served as a "station" on the Underground Railroad.&nbsp; The farm was originally owned by Captain David Clark whose daughter, Mary, married Daniel Corbit's half-brother, Pennell Corbit.&nbsp; Both Pennell and Mary died early, leaving two young daughters behind.&nbsp; Daniel became their guardian and inherited from David Clark their property at Clearfield Farm.&nbsp; The farm was one of the Smyrna "stations" on the Underground Railroad located in Blackbird Hundred.&nbsp; A description of Clearfield Farm notes that it had a number of places for hiding fugitives.&nbsp; These included an attic crawl space, space behind a false fireplace, and two hidden inner rooms without doors that could be entered through sliding wooden wall panels.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-v9iqK8K6uu4/Vuroqwg85aI/AAAAAAAACaE/2SU4MFHr9KUFoDbcSJU3EEFMs4iNDfPaQ/s1600/Clearfield%2BFarm%2BPfingsten%2Bphoto.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-v9iqK8K6uu4/Vuroqwg85aI/AAAAAAAACaE/2SU4MFHr9KUFoDbcSJU3EEFMs4iNDfPaQ/s400/Clearfield%2BFarm%2BPfingsten%2Bphoto.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Clearfield Farm.&nbsp; Photograph by William Pflingsten, August, 2008.&nbsp; Source of image:</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Historical Marker Data Base at HMdb.org.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">One more building that served as a "station" on the Underground Railroad was the Appoquinimink Friends Meeting House in Odessa.&nbsp; This tiny brick building was built in 1785 by Mary Wilson Corbit's parents, David and Mary Corbit Wilson.&nbsp; When Harriet Tubman, the famous female operator on the Underground Railroad, was interviewed for her 1800 biography, author Earl Conrad quoted her as saying that, on some occasions, she had hidden in the Appoquinimink Meeting House.&nbsp; The meeting house has a second-story removable panel that leads to spaces under the eaves.&nbsp; It originally also had a cellar with a ground level doorway.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Nt2JiKGQOIk/VurqAHqcDAI/AAAAAAAACaQ/g4EsuI2C1pgIWB2G9zuIaFltfSlFtsvPQ/s1600/meeting%2Bhouse%2Bprior%2Bto%2Brestoration%2Bwikimedia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="283" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Nt2JiKGQOIk/VurqAHqcDAI/AAAAAAAACaQ/g4EsuI2C1pgIWB2G9zuIaFltfSlFtsvPQ/s400/meeting%2Bhouse%2Bprior%2Bto%2Brestoration%2Bwikimedia.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Appoquinimink Friends Meeting House (1785) taken in 1938 prior to restoration.&nbsp; </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Source </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">of image: </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-PBJ77OxKJcU/VurqfMFepVI/AAAAAAAACaU/mXRyLNKWh-gUL4l-WoB16tUKdnoCySOvg/s1600/Harriet%2BTubman%2Bwikimedia%2Bcommons.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-PBJ77OxKJcU/VurqfMFepVI/AAAAAAAACaU/mXRyLNKWh-gUL4l-WoB16tUKdnoCySOvg/s400/Harriet%2BTubman%2Bwikimedia%2Bcommons.jpg" width="238" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Harriet Tubman, circa 1885.&nbsp; National Portrait</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Gallery.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp; Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Daniel and Mary Wilson Corbit were not the only abolitionists in and around Odessa, Delaware, who assisted fugitives fleeing to the north.&nbsp; They were members of a group of dedicated men and women, including John Hunn, a member of the Appoquinimink Meeting, who did just that at a time when the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 made it a dangerous business.&nbsp; John Hunn, for example,&nbsp;was turned in to the authorities for assisting slaves and had to pay a penalty which cost him his farm and his livelihood. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Daniel Corbit passed away in 1877 in Odessa at the age of&nbsp;eighty years.&nbsp; His wife Mary Wilson Corbit followed three year later in 1880.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ancestry.com Public Member Family Trees, census records and Quaker meeting records.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">"Appoquinimink Meeting in Odessa, Delaware" accessed 2/11/2016 at <a href="http://www.wilmingtondefriendsmeeting.org/odessa.htm">http://www.wilmingtondefriendsmeeting.org/odessa.htm</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">"Clearfield Farm" at <a href="http://www.harriettubman.com/clear.html">http://www.harriettubman.com/clear.html</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Conrad, Henry C.&nbsp; <em>History of the State of Delaware</em>, Vol. III.&nbsp; Wilmington, DE: Published by the author, 1908.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em>Corbit-Sharp House (William Corbit House</em>), Written Historical and Descriptive Data, Historic American Landscapes Survey.&nbsp; Washington, D.C.: National Park Service, no date.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Hoffman, Steve.&nbsp; "Riding Along the Underground Railroad".&nbsp; In <em>Middleton Life Magazine</em>, (summer 2008).&nbsp; Accessed 2/11/2016 at <a href="http://www.bluetoad.com/display_article.php?id=40660">http://www.bluetoad.com/display_article.php?id=40660</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Letter Mary Corbit Wilson to Daniel Corbit, Hopewell 8th mo 8th, 1846.&nbsp; The Winterthur Library, The Joseph Downs Collection of Manuscripts and Printed Ephemera, Henry Francis du Pont Winterthur Museum, Folder 4, Daniel Corbit Papers, .308.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span>﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><br />Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-33400196500266792082016-02-29T11:29:00.000-08:002016-02-29T11:36:59.055-08:00"Too mean are all earthborn delights/Pure heavenly joys my soul invites . . ." Eliza Naudain Corbit's name accompanies these words inscribed on one of thirty-one quilt blocks she made for family and friends to sign, annotate, and return to her.&nbsp; The date inscribed on her block was 2nd month 1844.&nbsp; In December of the same year, Eliza passed away at the age of thirty-four.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-DKFoimvxF_M/VtSKP9jXAKI/AAAAAAAACX4/ip6ZWv2tR50/s1600/eliza%2Bcorbit%2Bquilt%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="345" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-DKFoimvxF_M/VtSKP9jXAKI/AAAAAAAACX4/ip6ZWv2tR50/s400/eliza%2Bcorbit%2Bquilt%2B2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>Eliza Naudain Corbit Quilt</em>.&nbsp; Collection of the Winterthur Museum, Gardens and</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Library.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of the Winterthur Museum, Gardens and Library, </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Winterthur, Delaware.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Two other Corbit quilts are held by the Historic Odessa Foundation in Odessa, Delaware.&nbsp; One of them is a quilt&nbsp;top comprised of eighty-one blocks of the same pattern and some of the same fabrics as those used for the Winterthur quilt.&nbsp; Like the Winterthur quilt, this top displays names and verses, including a center block bearing Eliza Naudain Corbit's name with a lengthy verse implying the coming of death.&nbsp; This top was discussed by Jessica F. Nicholl in <em>Quilted for Friends, Delaware Valley Signature Quilts, 1840-1855</em> (pp. 12 and 13) and we will revisit it in a future post.﻿</div><br />The Winterthur quilt measures 77 1/4 X 67 1/4 inches with the blocks set <em>en pointe</em>.&nbsp; A green patterned fabric is used for the four elements of all of the crosses except four, on the outer edges of the second and fourth rows, that are solid green.&nbsp; All of the crosses have white center squares that display a name inscribed in ink and various leaf, floral or urn motifs for embellishment.&nbsp; All but four of the blocks have outer triangles of a small leaf print that gives them a pink hue.&nbsp; Four of the blocks have white center squares and white triangles (instead of pink) where lengthy verses have been inscribed on all four sides of the blocks.&nbsp; (These blocks are symmetrically placed in the center of rows three and five.)&nbsp; All blocks are separated by a white sashing and the quilt is quilted with white thread, seven stitches to the inch.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-peoMNmr4inw/VtSNMApxkpI/AAAAAAAACYE/jTL3Upyh9jQ/s1600/Mary%2BNaudain%2BWilmington%2Bblock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="396" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-peoMNmr4inw/VtSNMApxkpI/AAAAAAAACYE/jTL3Upyh9jQ/s400/Mary%2BNaudain%2BWilmington%2Bblock.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Detail of block inscribed with the name Mary Naudaink, the town of Wilmington, the date </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Feb 13 1845 and four verses in it's white triangles.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of the</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Winterthur Museum, Gardens and Library, Winterthur, Delaware.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Two of the quilt's blocks are memorials to Eliza Naudain Corbit's sister-in-law and niece.&nbsp; These blocks are in the center of the first row of blocks and their inscriptions are placed in ink-drawn urns.&nbsp; The first inscription reads: "In/Memory of/my dear sister Virginia Naudain/who died Feb/28th/1844."&nbsp; Virginia (maiden name Chambers) was Eliza's youngest brother Andrew's wife.&nbsp; The second inscription reads: "In/Memory of/my dear niece/Ann E Naudain/who died April/20th 1843."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">In an interview with the great granddaughter of Eliza Naudain Corbit in 1985, Jessica F. Nicoll was told that Eliza had had a lingering illness during her last two years of life.&nbsp; The verses on the block inscribed with Eliza's name reflect her anticipation of what was to come.&nbsp; They include:&nbsp; "May the words of my/mouth and the meditations of my heart/be acceptable to thy sight/O Lord!&nbsp; My strength and my redeemer."&nbsp; "Nor gilded roofs, nor regal state/Nor all that can be fancied great/Or wise, or fam'd, my soul desires/Far higher still my wish aspires."&nbsp; "In the multitude/of my thoughts within/me, Thy comforts delight my soul."&nbsp; "Too mean are all earthborn delights/Pure heavenly joys my soul invites/And asks while prisoned in this clod/A nearer union with my God."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9KXfdnR_7tI/VtSP2qyCh9I/AAAAAAAACYQ/Fm3YbdUrjBA/s1600/Lydia%2BEddewes%2Bsame%2Bblock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="396" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9KXfdnR_7tI/VtSP2qyCh9I/AAAAAAAACYQ/Fm3YbdUrjBA/s400/Lydia%2BEddewes%2Bsame%2Bblock.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Detail of block inscribed with the name Lydia Eddewes (one of Eliza's sisters).</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photograph courtesy of the Winterthur Museum, Gardens and Library.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The first emigrant to America in Eliza Naudain's family was Elias Naudain (born 1657), a French Huguenot native of La Tremblade, Santonge, France.&nbsp; He was married to Jael Armand (1652-ca. 1720) of the same town and they both fled to the safety of London to avoid the persecution of French Protestants that was rampant in the 1680s.&nbsp; There, both were naturalized in 1682.&nbsp; They had four surviving children before Elias passed away in London.&nbsp; Shortly thereafter, in 1688, Jael and her children arrived in America, becoming some of the first settlers of the Narragansett Colony in Rhode Island.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hacuSi3EHZ4/VtSRW5_LiJI/AAAAAAAACYc/G5C8azi8jTo/s1600/RI_towns_Narragansett.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hacuSi3EHZ4/VtSRW5_LiJI/AAAAAAAACYc/G5C8azi8jTo/s400/RI_towns_Narragansett.png" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"The Towers" of Narragansett.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp; Wikimedia Commons.&nbsp; This </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">structure was&nbsp;not built until 1883 but stands to this day as a venue for weddings and other events.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The Narragansett Colony that Jael and her children joined was disbanded in 1691.&nbsp; She remarried</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">after that and moved to New York.&nbsp; After she was again widowed, she lived with her </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">son Elias in Delaware.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">One of Jael's surviving children was her last-born, named Elias after his father.&nbsp; Elias (1680-1749) married Lydia Leroux in Philadelphia in 1715 and, by 1717, he was living in Delaware as a mariner and a resident of Appoquinimink Hundred.&nbsp; He purchased farmland known as the "old Naudain homestead" in 1735, land that remained in the family (except for the period 1816-1827) into the twentieth century.&nbsp; His son, Arnold, was Eliza's grandfather.&nbsp; Arnold married Catharine Allfree and Andrew, Eliza's father, was their son.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Andrew Naudain (1758-1819) married Rebecca Snow (1770-1813) in 1786.&nbsp; Rebecca's family owned land near Leipsic, Delaware, of which she inherited 300 acres.&nbsp; They named this land, and the home that was built on it in 1790, Snowland.&nbsp; The property was also known to locals as "Naudain's Landing."&nbsp; The home is preserved to this day and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6HHSCYQT_5Y/VtST3TrIxlI/AAAAAAAACYo/DD0qJzD25HM/s1600/Snowland%2Bwikimedia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6HHSCYQT_5Y/VtST3TrIxlI/AAAAAAAACYo/DD0qJzD25HM/s400/Snowland%2Bwikimedia.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Snowland (Leipsic, Delaware), 2012.&nbsp; Source of image:&nbsp; Wikimedia Commons.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Historic American Buildings Survey description of the structure says the following:&nbsp; "Snowland is a good example of the simple Delaware plantation house built after Georgian Symmetrical arrangement had come into favour.&nbsp; While many of the external features characteristic of the Middle Georgian manner are absent, the fundamental feeling of the composition is unquestionably traceable to Georgian precedent."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Andrew and Rebecca Snow Naudain lived at Snowland their entire lives, died there, and are buried there.&nbsp; Further, it appears that their eleven children were all born on the plantation.&nbsp; The tenth of these children was Eliza Naudain.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Eliza was born on October 10, 1810.&nbsp; She grew up at Snowland with a wealth of siblings, including her brother Arnold Naudain who served as a U.S. Senator from Delaware from January 7, 1830 until June 16, 1836.&nbsp; In 1833, Eliza married Quaker Daniel Corbit (1796-1877), a member of the Duck Creek Monthly Meeting.&nbsp; Daniel lived at Cantwell's Bridge, Delaware, where his father William had established a tannery.&nbsp; Daniel inherited the tannery business in due time, became the Director of the Bank of Smyna, and also engaged in mercantile businesses with success.&nbsp; He and Eliza had six children in twelve years before her life ended on December 18, 1844.&nbsp; Three years later, Daniel married a cousin and a neighbor, Mary Corbit Wilson (1811-1880), at Wilmington Monthly Meeting.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">We know little of Eliza Naudain's married life other than that she was a mother, a Quaker by marriage, and evidently a kind and loving person.&nbsp; Conrad, in his <em>History of the State of Delaware</em>, tells us that Daniel "[. . . ] was accustomed to say his wives were the best of the good gifts of a kind Provience, and all who heard agreed with him."&nbsp; After Daniel wrote to Mary Corbit Wilson proposing marriage, Mary wrote back in part:&nbsp;"I feel quite at a loss how to express myself on this to me most important subject, my first feeling was one of entire incapacity to fill the place made desolate in thy Heart and Home by the loss of thy incomparable Wife, remembering her worth as I do.&nbsp; I feel the more deeply the great compliment thee pays me in thinking me worthy to fill her place."&nbsp; (Letter Mary Corbit Wilson to Daniel Corbit cited below.)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/--pqxd5AsV84/VtSYsNxxnjI/AAAAAAAACY4/Q8LaJ1Op89o/s1600/Ann%2BN.%2BMurphy%2Bblock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/--pqxd5AsV84/VtSYsNxxnjI/AAAAAAAACY4/Q8LaJ1Op89o/s400/Ann%2BN.%2BMurphy%2Bblock.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Detail of block inscribed with the name Ann M. Murphy.&nbsp; <em>Eliza Naudain Corbit Quilt.</em></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Courtesy of the Winterthur Museum, Gardens and Library, Winterthur, Delaware.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Our thanks to Linda Eaton, Curator of Textiles at the Winterthur Museum, Gardens and Library,&nbsp;for sharing the photographs and object record of Eliza's quilt.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ancestry.com Public Member Family Trees, census records, and Quaker meeting records.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Conrad, Henry C.&nbsp; <em>History of the State of Delaware</em>, Vol. III.&nbsp; Wilmington, DE: published by the author, 1908.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Letter Mary Corbit Wilson to Daniel Corbit, Hopewell 8th mo 8th, 1846.&nbsp; The Winterthur Library, The Joseph Downs Collection of Manuscripts and Printed Ephemera, Henry Francis du Pont Winterthur Museum, Folder 4, Daniel Corbit Papers, .308.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;"Miner Descent: Tracing each branch back to their arrival in America" at <a href="http://minerdescent.com/page/29/?iframe">http://minerdescent.com/page/29/?iframe</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Nicoll, Jessica F.&nbsp; <em>Quilted for Friends, Delaware Valley Signature Quilts, 1840-1855</em>.&nbsp; Winterthur, DE:&nbsp; The Henry Francis du Pont Winterthur Museum, 1986.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Object Report for object 2010.0022, quilt.&nbsp; Winterthur Museum, Gardens and Library, Winterthur, Delaware.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c) Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3810742136958135734.post-72352064007409946112016-02-18T10:21:00.000-08:002016-02-18T10:27:25.710-08:00Sarah Wistar and the House of IndustryWe first discussed Sarah Wistar's quilt in our post of October 30, 2012.&nbsp; We revisited the quilt in our last two posts when we explored the lives of two of Sarah's relations, Caspar Wistar, her great-grandfather, and the author Owen Wister, a distant cousin.&nbsp; It is time to turn to Sarah, herself, and her remarkable life in the service of others.<br /><br />Sarah was born of Richard Wistar (1756-1821) and Sarah Morris (1758-1831) in Philadelphia during the year 1786.&nbsp; She was their third child, having been preceded by her sisters Catherine (1783-1822) and Rebecca (1784-1812) and followed by a brother Richard (1790-1863).&nbsp; Neither Sarah nor her two sisters married, spending their lives in Philadelphia as spinsters in a well-to-do, prominent Quaker family.&nbsp; As such, they devoted much of their time to charitable works.<br /><br />Sarah's quilt at the International Quilt Study Center &amp; Museum in Lincoln, Nebraska, is comprised of ninety-nine blocks inscribed in ink with names, drawings, and sentiments.&nbsp; Some of the blocks cite charitable organizations with whom Sarah associated during her life.&nbsp; These included Widowhouse, Pupils of the Deaf and Dumb Institution, Aimwell School, and the House of Industry.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KpuIETWwm6M/VsX6rPnmmpI/AAAAAAAACW0/c2wPbYkq7WE/s1600/Wistar%2BInscription%2BSarah%2BWistar%2BQuilt%2B3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KpuIETWwm6M/VsX6rPnmmpI/AAAAAAAACW0/c2wPbYkq7WE/s400/Wistar%2BInscription%2BSarah%2BWistar%2BQuilt%2B3.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Detail of block in the <em>Sarah Wistar Quilt</em> that refers to the House of Industry.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photograph courtesy of the International Quilt Study Center &amp; Museum, Lincoln, Nebraska.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The inscription concerning the House of Industry reads as follows:&nbsp; "In grateful remembrance of the many pleasurable hours spent at the House of Industry.&nbsp; The social intercourse of its members and the friendships commenced there, which we fondly trust may be mature'd in a brighter world, where, when done with Time, our spirits together with those whom we have endeavor'd to aid, may through Eternity join the ransomed and redeem'd of the land.&nbsp; This circle of blocks prepared by the members are united by their friend Sarah Wister."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">This dedicatory block is surrounded by blocks signed by members of The Female Society of Philadelphia for the Relief and Employment of the Poor (who established and ran the House of Industry), and by Ann Oliver Burns who served as Matron to the House for forty years.&nbsp; (Refer to our posts of June 15 and July 1, 2015 about Ann Burns and <em>The House of Industry Signature&nbsp;Quilt</em>.)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-SHBJfIhloYk/VsX83YXkp3I/AAAAAAAACXE/kG6ZxJx2Ei0/s1600/Figure%2B3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-SHBJfIhloYk/VsX83YXkp3I/AAAAAAAACXE/kG6ZxJx2Ei0/s640/Figure%2B3.JPG" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Detail of block in the <em>Sarah Wistar Quilt</em> bearing the name of Ann Oliver Burns, Matron of</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">the House of Industry at the time the quilt was made.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of the International</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Quilt Study Center &amp; Museum, Lincoln, Nebraska.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ann Parrish, along with twenty-three other Quaker women, began what would result in the House of Industry by founding The Friendly Society in 1795.&nbsp; The House of Industry, itself, was established in 1798 by a group of these women and others who appear in the minutes of the Philadelphia Monthly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends.&nbsp; When this group decided to incorporate to increase their funding potential, Sarah Wistar was one of the forty-six unmarried women who obtained a Charter or Act of Incorporation on first month, 12th, 1815.&nbsp; They called their corporation The Female Society of Philadelphia for the Relief and Employment of the Poor.&nbsp; Relief and employment were provided by the House of Industry where poor women could spin and sew for pay, receive two meals a day, and bring their children along to be cared for in what became the first "childcare center" in America.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Tl7Qf21ZCqg/VsX-xkhx_nI/AAAAAAAACXQ/1ZFAHaUqvHM/s1600/img514.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Tl7Qf21ZCqg/VsX-xkhx_nI/AAAAAAAACXQ/1ZFAHaUqvHM/s640/img514.jpg" width="442" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Copy of the incorporation document enacted in 1815.&nbsp; Collection of Lynda Salter Chenoweth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The women's work at the House of Industry was overseen by House Managers.&nbsp; These women were appointed on a rotating, weekly basis from the membership of The Female Society for the Relief and Employment of the Poor.&nbsp; House of Industry records obtained from the Quaker and Special Collections at Haverford College indicate that Sarah Wistar was actively engaged as a House Manager from at least 1840 through 1845, the years for which records were requested.&nbsp; The duties of a House Manager included preparing the materials to be sewn, overseeing the work of the seamstresses to ensure quality, and providing weekly reports of all items produced.&nbsp; These items were itemized in House reports and include "shirts", chemises, wrappers, bed clothes, pillow cases, petticoats, "comfortables", and quilts.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The names of several of Sarah's 1840-1845 fellow-Managers appear on the blocks of her quilt.&nbsp; These include Mary Bacon, Mary Beesley, Annabella Cresson, Mary Foulke, Margaret Hart, Eliza Hopkins, Hannah S. Johnson, Martha Morris, Sarah Morris, Anna Morton, Elizabeth Paul, and Julianna Randolph.&nbsp; Some of the other names on Sarah's quilt are those of additional members of The Female Society of Philadelphia for the Relief and Employment of the Poor (who may or may not have served as Managers at the House of Industry).</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TzziGByHUjY/VsYA6WNey7I/AAAAAAAACXc/kh1NKM2hiO8/s1600/Sarah%2BWistar%2BQuilt.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TzziGByHUjY/VsYA6WNey7I/AAAAAAAACXc/kh1NKM2hiO8/s400/Sarah%2BWistar%2BQuilt.jpg" width="382" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>The Sarah Wistar Quilt</em>, 1842-43.&nbsp; Photograph courtesy of the International</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Quilt Study Center &amp; Museum, Lincoln, Nebraska.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Quaker inscribed quilts normally display the names of many of the recipient's family members.&nbsp; Sarah's quilt is no exception, but the number of people named on her quilt who were associated with The Female Society of Philadelphia for the Relief and Employment of the Poor and its House of Industry points to a group of friends, and an organization, that must have featured largely in Sarah's life.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sarah's sisters and both of her parents passed away by 1823.&nbsp; Her brother, Richard, married Hannah Owen Lewis in 1824.&nbsp; It is not clear where Sarah lived, or with whom, after 1824.&nbsp; She was not found living in Richard's household at the time of the 1850 census but some early 1860s tax records name both Sarah and Richard and give an address of 1313 Filbert Street in Philadelphia.&nbsp; The death notice cited below lists this address as her residence at the end of her life.&nbsp; Wherever Sarah lived at various times in her life, it is clear that she devoted much of her life and time to charitable causes and especially to the House of Industry and The Female Society of Philadelphia for the Relief and Employment of the Poor.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4VF3lOFPgMk/VsYCqgVLwII/AAAAAAAACXo/cJNoPIlMIaU/s1600/Sarah%2BWistar%2Bstone%2BLaurel%2BHill%2Bfind%2Ba%2Bgrave.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="385" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4VF3lOFPgMk/VsYCqgVLwII/AAAAAAAACXo/cJNoPIlMIaU/s400/Sarah%2BWistar%2Bstone%2BLaurel%2BHill%2Bfind%2Ba%2Bgrave.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Sarah Wistar's grave stone at Laurel Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia.&nbsp; Source of </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">photograph: Find A Grave web site.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sarah passed away on September 21, 1866 at the age of eighty-one years.&nbsp; She was buried on September 25th at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia.&nbsp; Her brother, Richard, had predeceased her by three years.&nbsp; <em>The Philadelphia Inquirer</em> published notice of her death on September 25, 1866 as follows:&nbsp; "WISTAR - On the 21st instant, at 'Oakland', in the 81st year of her age, SARAH WISTAR.&nbsp; Her relatives and friends are invited to attend the funeral, this (Third) day, 25th at 10 o'clock, without further notice, from her late residence No. 1313 Filbert Street.&nbsp; To proceed to Laurel Hill."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Sources:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ancestry.com Public Member Family Trees and census records.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Anonymous.&nbsp; <em>Wistar Family: A Genealogy of the descendants of Caspar Wistar, Emigrant in 1717</em>.&nbsp; Compiled by Richard Wistar Davids, Philadelphia, 1896.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Chenoweth, Lynda Salter and Mary Holton Robare.&nbsp; "A Memento of Our Old Matron:&nbsp; The House of Industry Signature Quilt."&nbsp; In <em>Blanket Statements</em>, Spring 2014, published by the American Quilt Study Group.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ducey, Carolyn and Jonathan Gregory.&nbsp; What's in a Name?&nbsp; Lincoln, NE: The International Quilt Study Center &amp; Museum, 2012.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Find A Grave web site at <a href="http://www.findagrave.com/">http://www.findagrave.com</a>.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Roberg, Madeleine and Joan Laughlin.&nbsp; Research notes:&nbsp;The Sarah Wistar Quilt (International Quilt Study Center &amp; Museum, Lincoln, Nebraska).&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(c)&nbsp; Lynda Salter Chenoweth and Mary Holton Robare, 2016.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div align="left" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span>&nbsp;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">﻿</div>Lynda and Maryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08212406522884555114noreply@blogger.com0