In The New York Times, Rukmini Callimachi writes, “The revelation that the 29-year-old man who opened fire on Sunday in a gay nightclub had dedicated the killing to the Islamic State has prompted a now-familiar question: Was the killer truly acting under orders from the Islamic State, or just seeking publicity and the group’s approval for a personal act of hate?” Whether Mateen was acting under the guidance of ISIS or carried out the attack on his accord is unknown, but Callimachi writes, “For the terror planners of the Islamic State, the difference is mostly irrelevant.”