Comparison of changes in HDL oxidation and proteomics with change in Ktrans MRI marker of plaque inflammation [ Time Frame: Measured at Year 2 ]

Change in Ktrans MRI marker of plaque inflammation [ Time Frame: Measured at Year 2 ]

Current Other Outcome Measures ICMJE

Not Provided

Original Other Outcome Measures ICMJE

Not Provided

Descriptive Information

Brief Title ICMJE

Plaque Inflammation and Dysfunctional HDL in AIM-HIGH

Official Title ICMJE

Plaque Inflammation and Dysfunctional HDL in AIM-HIGH

Brief Summary

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a serious health concern that affects millions of people in the United States. It is usually caused by atherosclerosis—a condition that occurs when fatty material and plaque build up on the walls of the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the heart, causing the arteries to narrow. As the arteries narrow, blood flow to the heart can slow down or stop, which can cause chest pain, shortness of breath, heart attack, or heart failure. Another component of CHD events involves inflammatory changes that result in structural breakdown of atherosclerotic plaques. Adding niacin to statin medications may be an effective way to block inflammation in the atherosclerotic plaques. This study will examine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images and blood samples of participants in the AIM-HIGH study who are taking niacin plus statins or statins alone to determine the effect of these medications on inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.

Detailed Description

CHD is the leading cause of death in the United States. Preliminary research has shown that CHD is associated with oxidative and inflammatory changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which is considered the "good" cholesterol. The inflammatory changes can impair HDL cholesterol's normal function, which is to remove excess cholesterol from the arteries and thereby slow the build-up of atherosclerotic plaque. Statins are cholesterol-lowering medications that are used to treat people with CHD. Taking niacin, a type of B vitamin, in combination with statins may stabilize atherosclerotic plaques better than statins alone, but more research is needed to examine how niacin may do this. By improving the ability of HDL cholesterol to repair inflammatory damage to atherosclerotic plaques, niacin may assist in preventing the inflammation that leads to plaque breakdown.

The AIM-HIGH study (NCT00120289) is examining the use of niacin plus statins in people with vascular disease. Participants in the AIM-HIGH study are randomly assigned to receive either niacin plus simvastatin, which is a type of statin medication, or simvastatin alone. The purpose of this substudy is to determine whether niacin in combination with statins reduces atherosclerotic plaque inflammation and dysfunctional HDL cholesterol more than statins alone. The substudy will enroll participants who are participating in the AIM-HIGH study. At the AIM-HIGH baseline and Year 2 study visits, study researchers for this substudy will collect an additional blood sample from participants to examine the changes in HDL oxidation levels and protein composition at both time points. Study researchers will also analyze participants' MRI scans to examine changes in plaque inflammation during the study period; these MRI scans will be completed as part of another AIM-HIGH substudy, conducted by Dr. Xue-Qiao Zhao. There will be no additional study procedures or visits for participants in this substudy.

Study Type ICMJE

Observational

Study Design ICMJE

Observational Model: CohortTime Perspective: Prospective

Target Follow-Up Duration

Not Provided

Biospecimen

Retention: Samples Without DNA

Description:

Plasma for HDL isolation

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

Participants in the main AIM-HIGH study (NCT00120289)

Condition ICMJE

Cardiovascular Diseases

Heart Diseases

Coronary Disease

Atherosclerosis

Myocardial Infarction

Intervention ICMJE

Drug: Simvastatin and Extended-Release niacin

Participants will be enrolled in this substudy only if they are candidates for the main AIM-HIGH study (NCT00120289). Participants will be randomly assigned to simvastatin or simvastatin plus niacin as a part of the main AIM-HIGH protocol, and adjustments in simvastatin and/or niacin doses will be made as per the protocol for the main AIM-HIGH study.

Other Name: Simvastatin/Niacin

Drug: Simvastatin

Participants will be enrolled in this substudy only if they are candidates for the main AIM-HIGH study (NCT00120289). Participants will be randomly assigned to simvastatin or simvastatin plus niacin as a part of the main AIM-HIGH protocol, and adjustments in simvastatin and/or niacin doses will be made as per the protocol for the main AIM-HIGH study.

Study Groups/Cohorts

Simvastatin

Participants in the main AIM-HIGH study who are receiving simvastatin.

Intervention: Drug: Simvastatin

Simvastatin and Extended-Release Niacin

Participants in the main AIM-HIGH study who are receiving simvastatin and extended-release niacin.