Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Flooding,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Land conversion,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),

Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: a) Serious deterioration of materials and structuresb) Deterioration of the architectural and urban coherence and integrity of the property;

Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
Housing,
Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Deterioration and destruction of the fabric of the property by environmental factors, lack of maintenance, as well as polluted water

Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Management systems/ management plan,
Water (rain/water table),
Other Threats: Dilapidated infrastructure; Neglect and lack of maintenance

Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure,
Housing,
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Impact of the transportation of hazardous materials to the Old Town

Deliberate destruction of heritage,
Management systems/ management plan,
Wind,
Other Threats: a) Extremely fragile nature of the buildings that were constructed using local materials such as timber for frames, corrugated iron sheets for roofs and some walls, in addition to stucco and lightweight constructionb) Lack of maintenance over the past 40 years c) Corrosion of metal cladding and dismantlement of some of the structural elements. A few buildings, such as the Leaching house, are liable to structural collapse if no support is givend) Very little conservation work carried out

Management activities,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Impact of the new structure of the Maya Devi Temple (constructed in 2002) on the archaeological remains, as well as on the visual integrity.

Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system,
Flooding,
Ground water pollution,
Housing,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Management systems/ management plan,
Other Threats: Degradation of the environment

Commercial development,
Solid waste,
Other Threats: a) Progressive deterioration of the built area b) Continuous collapse of buildingsc) Major deterioration of the maritime part of the fortifications of the Medina

Ground transport infrastructure,
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,
Land conversion,
Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals,
Other Threats: Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species;

* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).