The Baruch College Faculty Handbook

Academic
Honesty (draft statement)

One of the most important aspects of a college education is the
reinforcement and development of ethical behavior. It is important
to understand that each student will come and leave Baruch with
his/her own individual sense of whats right and wrong. What we
can do is help students understand what is expected of them, create
an environment that encourages them to act ethically and perhaps
most importantly lead them to discover what they can and should
expect of themselves.

Unfortunately, more often than not, when colleges address the issue
of academic honesty, ethical behavior is defined in negative terms:
students are told what they cannot do and are asked to familiarize
themselves with the disciplinary procedures and punishments. This
approach forces faculty to become enforcers and places students
in the position of potential criminals forced out of fear of punishment
to act in accordance with the law.

While sanctions and vigilance are important and necessary, as faculty,
we can also take a positive approach and consider how academic honesty
fits into the pedagogical approaches we use and how ethical behavior
shapes the way professionals communicate in our disciplines. We
can reinforce ethical behavior among our students in a variety of
formal and informal ways. We can explain clearly why we act ethically
as scholars, pointing out for instance, how our discipline could
not exist without a strong individual and collective commitment
to academic honesty. We can discuss what is accepted and whats
not in our discipline, keeping in mind that ethics are situational.
Whats accepted in one discipline may not be accepted in another,
just as whats accepted in one culture may not be acceptable in
another. In this way, students can understand the parameters within
which they are expected to operate and act accordingly. It can
be helpful to have a positive statement of ethical conduct in the
syllabus that does more than refer students to the College Bulletin.
Since students generally live up to the expectations we set for
them and since we can never be sure to discover and punish all transgressions,
we might try empowering students to monitor themselves. For instance,
students can be asked to sign a statement at the bottom of each
assignment and exam that they acted ethically. The point here is
to reinforce the message that ethics are ultimately something that
only the individual can attest to; its not a matter of getting
caught, pulling the wool over the professors eyes or keeping within
the gray areas of the law. It might also help to admit to students
that the tendency to plagiarize is greater today, given the cut
and paste function in word processing and the easy access to material
on the Internet. Students can be shown, too, that careless note-taking
or a lack of understanding of a text can lead to plagiarism, even
if the intent is absent.

It is also important to inform students in a positive way about
how to conduct research and to use sources appropriately. We can
foster student awareness of the reasons we cite the work of others.
Through the types of assignments we assign, we can show them how
the ability to cite others and to know how our own ideas fit into
the vast array of ideas of others is an essential part of being
able to communicate effectively in a discipline. For, learning
is not simply a matter of acquisition or passive absorption; instead,
it may be likened to entering a dialogue with other minds, through
questioning, discussion, and thought. If students become active
participants in this dialogue and are asked to build competence,
then plagiarizing will lose its appeal. Students who experience
the benefits of academic honesty will be less likely to cheat in
their studies.

The Bernard L. Schwartz Communication Institute will be holding
a series of faculty seminars on the pedagogical aspects of academic
honesty. The members of the Institutes Business Advisory Council
feel very strongly about ethics as a precondition to good communication
and have expressed their willingness to talk to students about the
importance of developing a personal code of ethics and the importance
of ones reputation as an ethical person in the business world.
Should you like to have a member of the Institutes Business Advisory
Council speak to your students, please contact the Institute. There
are other resources available on campus. The Baruch College library
has available a web-resource which can be found at How
to Use the Library to Write Better Papers and to Avoid Plagiarism.The
Colleges writing handbook, Keys for Writing, also contains
useful information for students and faculty.

Brief Bibliography

Decoo, Wilfried. Crisis on Campus: Confronting Academic Misconduct
(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002). Very useful, up to date and with
a good bibliography for the sciences. Explores plagiarism in academic
disciplines by professionals as well as students.