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A first example. In object-oriented design, a layer is a group of classes that have the same set of link-time module dependencies to other modules. In other words, a layer is a group of reusable components that are reusable in similar circumstances. (Wikipedia: Layer (object-oriented design)).

A second example. The Shearing layers concept views buildings as a set of components that evolve in different timescales, from the site that is "eternal", to stuff that twitches around daily to monthly; (Wikipedia: Shearing layers).