Below are listed most FNF Publications produced during 19932000.
Most of the articles can be read on line (indicated by a clickable *
in front of each title). Paper copies of most previous FNF publications
have been advertised for sale by the Libertarian Nation Foundation and
might still be available from them.

Articles from the FNF publication Formulations

Volume 1, Number 1 (Autumn 1993)
Title Author
*A Letter from the Founder...................Richard O. Hammer
*A Short History: The Free Nation
Foundation...............................no author named
*Apocalypse Anytime..........................Richard O. Hammer
*The Articles of Confederation...............Bobby Yates Emory
*Virtual Cantons: A New Path to
Freedom?.................................Roderick T. Long
*Problem X...................................Richard O. Hammer
*Entrepreneurs announce project to form
new country on manmade island............no author named
*The U.S. Constitution: was it
good enough?.............................no author named
*Serbia and Bosnia: A Foreign
Policy Formulation.......................Richard O. Hammer
*Writers Wanted..............................no author named
(back to top of page)Volume 1, Number 2 (Winter 1993-94)
Title Author
Forum on Constitutions a Success..... .......no author named
Walter Williams Suggests Secession..... .....no author named
*Let the Wookiee Win.........................Richard O. Hammer
*Who's the Scrooge? Libertarians
and Compassion...........................Roderick T. Long
*Social Programs: Whose Values Do
They Serve...............................Richard O. Hammer
*Imagining a Free Society Part I:
Wealth and Immigration...................Mary Ruwart
*Charity Without Force: The
Bishop's Storehouse......................Bobby Yates Emory
*Punishment vs. Restitution: A
Formulation..............................Roderick T. Long
*Circles of Support: A Libertarian
View of Charity..........................Richard O. Hammer
*How Government Solved the Health
Care Crisis: Medical Insurance
that Worked Until Government
"Fixed" It...............................Roderick T. Long
(back to top of page)Volume 1, Number 3 (Spring 1994)
Title Author
FNF Director Lectures on Liberty.............no author named
*Government Grows: True of False?............Richard O. Hammer
*Law Can Be Private..........................Richard O. Hammer
*The Decline and Fall of Private
Law in Iceland...........................Roderick T. Long
*Notes on the History of Legal
Systems..................................Bobby Yates Emory
*Dialogue: Restitutive Justice and
the Costs of Restraint...................Richard O. Hammer & Roderick T. Long
*The Nature of Law Part I: Law and
Order Without Government.................Roderick T. Long
*A University Built by the
Invisible Hand...........................Roderick T. Long
(back to top of page)Volume 1, Number 4 (Summer 1994)
Title Author
Sixteen Discuss Systems of Law at
FNF Forum................................no author named
*A Limited-Government Framework for
Courts...................................Richard O. Hammer
*The Nature of Law Part II: The
Three Functions of Law...................Roderick T. Long
*Agreed Ground Version 0.....................Bobby Yates Emory
*Review: "The Machinery of Freedom:
Guide to a Radical Capitalism"
by David Friedman........................Wayne Dawson
*Imagineering Freedom: A Constitu-
tion of Liberty Part I:
Between Anarchy and Limited
Government...............................Roderick T. Long
(back to top of page)Volume 2, Number 1 (Autumn 1994)
Title Author
Tax Exempt Status Achieved...................no author named
*Contra Insurance............................Bobby Yates Emory
*Comments upon Security, National
and Domestic.............................Richard O. Hammer
*Devil's Advocate: No Defense
Needed...................................Bobby Yates Emory
*Anarchy in the U.K.: The English
Experience with Private
Protection...............................Roderick T. Long
*Can We Escape the Ruling Class?.............Roderick T. Long
*Review: "Whatever Happened to
Justice" by Richard J. Maybury...........Chris Spruyt
*The Nature of Law Part III: Law
vs. Legislation..........................Roderick T. Long
*A Service Provision Alternative.............Bobby Yates Emory
*Funding Public Goods: Six
Solutions................................Roderick T. Long
(back to top of page)Volume 2, Number 2 (Winter 1994-95)
Title Author
Lively Discussion Fills FNF Forum
on Security..............................no author named
*Stand Up....................................Richard O. Hammer
*Protective Services in a Free
Nation...................................Scott McLaughlin
*Liberty and Taxes: How Compatible
are They?................................Charles Adams
*Review of Steven Horwitz's
"Monetary Evolution, Free Banking,
& Economic Order"........................Eric-Charles Banfield
*The Power of Ostracism......................Richard O. Hammer
*Slavery Contracts and Inalienable
Rights: A Formulation....................Roderick T. Long
*Imagineering Freedom: A Constitu-
tion of Liberty Part II:
Defining Federal Powers.................Roderick T. Long
*Defending a Free Nation.....................Roderick T. Long
(back to top of page)Volume 2, Number 3 (Spring 1995)
Title Author
*Murray Rothbard, R.I.P......................Roderick T. Long
*Protection from Mass Murderers:
Communication of Danger: A
Formulation..............................Richard O. Hammer
*Glorious Revolution for an
American Free Nation.....................Philip E. Jacobson
*Elections, Libertarians, and State
Power....................................Calvin Stacy Powers
*Religious Influence on Political
Structure: Lessons from the
Past, Prospects for the Future...........Roderick T. Long
*Banking for Free: Banking in a
Free Society.............................Bobby Yates Emory
*Review: "For Good and Evil: The
Impact of Taxes on the Course
of Civilization" by Charles
Adams....................................Robert Mihaly
*Imagineering Freedom: A Constitu-
tion of Liberty Part III:
Virtual Cantons..........................Roderick T. Long
(back to top of page)Volume 2, Number 4 (Summer 1995)
Title Author
FNF Forum Explores Controversial
Topic: Can Government Dismantle
Government?..............................Chris Spruyt
*We Huddle for a Purpose.....................Richard O. Hammer
*Three Voluntary Economies...................Philip E. Jacobson
*Review: "The State: Its History
and Development Viewed
Sociologically" by Franz
Oppenheimer..............................Candice I. Copas
*Dialogue: Electronic Democracy and
the Prospects for a Free
Nation...................................Richard O. Hammer & Philip E. Jacobson
*Review: "The Foundations of
Morality" by Henry Hazlitt...............Richard O. Hammer
*Dialogue: Inalienable Rights and Moral
Foundations..............................Maribel Montgomery & Roderick T. Long
*"Liberty" is a Bad Name.....................Richard O. Hammer
*Imagineering Freedom: A Constitu-
tion of Liberty Part IV: The
Rights of the People.....................Roderick T. Long
*Dismantling Leviathan from Within, Part I:
Can We? Should We?.......................Roderick T. Long
*Heritage: Taxation: Voluntary or
Compulsory?..............................F.W. Read & Benjamin R. Tucker
(back to top of page)Volume 3, Number 1 (Autumn 1995)
Title Author
FNF Directors Speak at First
Conference of Sister
Foundation NCF...........................no author named
Laissez Faire City, Another New
Country Venture, Makes News,
Exchanges with FNF.......................Richard O. Hammer
*Education in a Free Nation:
Children Can Learn Without
State-Forced Schooling...................Liz Hanson
*Review: "The Secret of the League"
by Ernest Bramah.........................Sean Haugh
*The Libertarian Case Against
Intellectual Property Rights.............Roderick T. Long
*Might Makes Right: An Observation
and a Tool...............................Richard O. Hammer
*More on Hazlitt and Morality................Maribel Montgomery
*Good and Bad Collective Action:
Can We Nourish One and Squelch
the Other?...............................Roderick T. Long
*Dismantling Leviathan From Within, Part II
The Process of Reform....................Roderick T. Long
(back to top of page)Volume 3, Number 2 (Winter 1995-96)
Title Author
Conferees Discuss Voluntary
Means for Achieving Order................no author named
*Roll Back U.S. Government? Not
This Time................................Marc Joffe
*New Country Briefs..........................Marc Joffe
*Toward Voluntary Courts and
Enforcement..............................Richard O. Hammer
Laissez Faire City Distributes
Founders' Kits...........................Richard O. Hammer
*A Primer on Deliberate Collective
Action...................................Earnest E. Johnson II
*Intellectual Property Rights
Viewed as Contracts......................Richard O. Hammer
*Review: "Complexity: The Emerging
Science at the Edge of Order
and Chaos" by M. Mitchell
Waldrop..................................Richard O. Hammer
*Free Accord Law: Ethical
Communities..............................Philip E. Jacobson
*Review: "Atlas Shrugged" by Ayn
Rand.....................................Richard O. Hammer
*Constitutions: When They Protect
and When They Do Not.....................Randy Dumse
*Dismantling Leviathan From Within,
Part III: Is Politics Self-Defeating?....Roderick T. Long
(back to top of page)Volume 3, Number 3 (Spring 1996)
Title Author
New Country Foundation Status
Report...................................Courtney Smith
New Country Briefs...........................no author named
*Keeping Our Freedom in an Unfree
World....................................Mary Ruwart
*Can a Stateless Society Survive?............Bruce L. Benson
*A State Can Be Designed to Shrink...........Richard O. Hammer
*A Model Lease for Orbis.....................Spencer Heath MacCallum
*Political Curriculum: Education
Essential to Keep a Free
Society..................................Philip E. Jacobson
*The Return of Leviathan: Can We
Prevent It?..............................Roderick T. Long
*Introducing Children to Liberty:
A Golden Opportunity for a
Free Nation's Survival...................Danielle Woodrich
*Review: "Justice Without Law?" by
Jerold S. Auerbach.......................Sean Haugh
*In Defense of Public Space..................Roderick T. Long
*Review: "Why Government Doesn't
Work" by Harry Browne....................Marc Joffe
*Dismantling Leviathan From Within,
Part IV: The Sons of Brutus.............Roderick T. Long
*The Intellectual Property Debate............George Winborne
(back to top of page)Volume 3, Number 4 (Summer 1996)
Title Author
Forum Attendees Explore How to
Keep Freedom.............................no author named
*Life Without Lice!? The FNF Work
Plan.....................................Richard O. Hammer
*One Nation, Two Systems: The
Doughnut Model...........................Roderick T. Long
*Politics versus Proprietorship..............Spencer Heath MacCallum
*Review: "The Art of Community" by
Spencer H. MacCallum.....................Sean Haugh
*Security of Information in a Free
Nation...................................Richard O. Hammer
*Constitutions Are a Beginning...............Jim Davidson
*Locks in Layers: Security Through
Win-Win Connections......................Richard O. Hammer
*The State as the Only Defense
Against Nuclear War......................Roy Halliday
*Review: "The Mechanism of Mind" by
Edward de Bono...........................Richard O. Hammer
*Texans Seek Separation from U.S.............Richard O. Hammer
*How "Healing Our World" Went
Global...................................Mary Ruwart
*The State as Penalizer......................Roy Halliday
*Heritage: Government versus
Society..................................Thomas Paine
(back to top of page)Volume 4, Number 1 (Autumn 1996)
Title Author
*The Anticrime Industry in a Free Nation.....Roy Halliday
*Who Are the Realists........................Roy Halliday
*Optionality: Beyond Law & Order.............Ben Mettes
*Business in a Free Nation...................Philip E. Jacobson
*Everyone at Risk............................Dennis Riness
*Business in a Free Nation...................Richard O. Hammer
*Constitutions: Written & Actual.............Richard O. Hammer
FNF Touches Base with the Republic
of Texas.................................Richard O. Hammer
*The Sense of Right & Man-to-Man Talk
with Archy About Women...................Richard O. Hammer
*The Athenian Constitution...................Roderick T. Long
*Beyond the Boss: Protection from
Business in a Free Nation................Roderick T. Long
(back to top of page)Volume 4, Number 2 (Winter 1996-97)
Title Author
Report on Forum on Business..................Richard O. Hammer
*Toward a New Country in East Africa.........Anonymous
*Airline Safety..............................Robert Poole
*Open Letter to Harry Browne.................Marc Joffe
*Christian Libertarians......................Roy Halliday
*Hit 'Em But Not Too Hard....................Richard O. Hammer
*Men and Women Differ in Political Values....Richard O. Hammer
Bruce Benson Keeps Busy......................Richard O. Hammer
*The Market for Punishment...................Richard Hammer & Roy Halliday
*Nature of Law IV: The Basis of Natural Law..Roderick T. Long
*Miscellaneous Reflections...................Roderick T. Long
(back to top of page)Volume 4, Number 3 (Spring 1997)
Title Author
*Families Become Clans in a Free Society.....Mary Ruwart
*Definition of Family in a Free Society......Gordon Diem
*Family Values? Let's Stop Playing Politics..Ben Mettes
*How Different Are Men and Women?............Carol Low
*Bourgeois Families..........................Roy Halliday
*From Free Families to Statist Societies
and Back Again...........................Philip E. Jacobson
*Unregulated Families........................Richard O. Hammer
*Beyond Patriarchy...........................Roderick T. Long
*Dialogue on Grading New Country Projects....Richard Hammer & Spencer MacCallum
*Dialog on Archetypes........................Roy Halliday & Roderick Long
(back to top of page)Volume 4, Number 4 (Summer 1997)
Title Author
*New Country Project Profile.................Marc Joffe
Republic of Texas Makes News.................Richard O. Hammer
*Was the State Inevitable?...................Roderick T. Long
*Ideas as Property...........................Roy Halliday
*Anarchy, Order, and Government..............Richard O. Hammer
*Somaliland: A New Book Explains Food
Shortages................................Marc Joffe
(back to top of page)Volume 5, Number 1 (Autumn 1997)
Title Author
*New Countries and the Case for Keeping
One's Cards Close to One's Chest........Spencer Heath MacCallum
*Entangling Alliances: For and Against......Roderick T. Long
*Foreign Relations for a Free Nation........Richard O. Hammer
*Aggression a Luxury, Not a Necessity.......Mary J. Ruwart
*Thoughts on Dismantling Government.........Richard O. Hammer
*International Relations for Free Nations...Philip E. Jacobson
*Natural Government vs. Artificial
Government..............................Jack W. Coxe
*The Good News: Tyrants Always Fall.........Richard O. Hammer
*The Role of Non-Governmental Actors in
Shaping and Implementing Foreign
Policy in a "Free Nation"...............Gordon Neal Diem
*A Paper Tiger for a Free Nation............Roy Halliday
*Reply to Roderick Long's "Was the State
Inevitable".............................Philip E. Jacobson
*Food Wars and the Origin of the State......Philip E. Jacobson
*A "Nation" is Born.........................Richard O. Hammer
(back to top of page)Volume 5, Number 2 (Winter 1997-98)
Title Author
*Notes on Foreign Relations Councils in
a Hypothetical Entrepreneurial..........Michael van Notten &
(Landlease) Community...................Spencer H. MacCallum
*International Conference in Rome...........Bobby Emory
*Dialog: The Benefits of Writing about a
Free Nation?............................Roy Halliday & Richard Hammer
*Property and United Action in a Natural
Government..............................Jack Coxe
*A Theory of Property Rights for a Free
Nation..................................Roy Halliday
*Engineer's View of Morality Set in a
Model of Life...........................Richard O. Hammer
(back to top of page)Volume 5, Number 3 (Spring 1998)
Title Author
*A Plea for Public Property.................Roderick T. Long
*Freedom Ship Project.......................Wayne Dawson
*Dialog on libertarian activism:
To whom do we reach? and why?...........Susan Callaway & Richard Hammer
*Nineteen Propositions about Property.......Richard O. Hammer
*Locke, Hobbes, and the Free Nation.........Gordon Diem
*Continued Dialog on the
Origin of the State.....................Roderick Long and Phil Jacobson
*The Definition of "Property" and
"Property Rights" in a Free Nation......Gordon Diem
*A Theory for Libertarianism................Richard O. Hammer
(back to top of page)Volume 5, Number 4 (Summer 1998)
Title Author
*Bill of Law................................Michail van Notten
*Normal People Believe in Natural Rights....Roy Halliday
*The REAL Limon Project.....................Rigoberto Stewart
*How to Limit Power And Protect Rights......Jack W. Coxe
*Dialog: On a System Which Gives Unlimited
Power to Randomly Selected Arbiters......Richard Hammer & Jack Coxe
*Libertarianism in a Context................Richard O. Hammer
(back to top of page)Volume 6, Number 1 (Autumn 1998)
Title Author
*A Note About Roads.........................Richard O. Hammer
*A Time for Prototypes......................Bobby Yates Emory
*Law as Property in a Free Nation...........Philip E. Jacobson
*Libertarian Legal Code.....................John Ewbank
*Economic Government........................Robert Klassen
*A New Form of Intellectual Property
Protection...............................Bobby Yates Emory
*Gateway to an Altered Landscape: Law in
a Free Nation............................Richard O. Hammer
*The Importance of Objective Law: Why I
Support Limited Government...............Adrian Hinton
*Why Objective Law Requires Anarchy.........Roderick T. Long
*Draft Constitution for a Reviving or New
Nation...................................Michael Darby
*The Philosophy of Law and Justice
Necessary to Sustain a Free Nation.......Gordon Neal Diem
*Law and Violence...........................Roy Halliday
(back to top of page)Volume 6, Number 2 (Winter 1998-99)
Title Author
*A Reconsideration of Trial by Jury.........Wendy McElroy
*Commercial Banking in a Free Society.......Steven Horwitz
*Meeting Michael van Notten.................Wayne Dawson
*Defending a Free Nation: The Status
Economy..................................Gary York
*A Single-Owner Proprietary Nation:
Advantages, Problems, and Solutions......Roy Halliday
*Is it Wise to Vote? Getting My Head Ready
for Freedom..............................Richard O. Hammer
*Burros as Individualists...................Spencer MacCallum
(back to top of page)Volume 6, Number 3 (Spring 1999)
Title Author
*A Scenario for Founding a Free Nation on
an Imaginary Island in the Caribbean
Sea......................................Spencer H. MacCallum
*Report on a Visit to Laissez Faire City in
San Jose, Costa Rica.....................John Kingman
*Letter of Resignation......................Richard O. Hammer
*Myths for a Free Nation....................Roderick T. Long
*Myths of the Nation State..................Gordon Neal Diem
*A Free Society Requires the Myth of a
Higher Law...............................Roy Halliday
*Mythology of a Free Nation.................Richard O. Hammer
*Libertarian Mythology......................Steven F. LeBoeuf
*Sacred Choice: Myths for a Free Nation.....Philip E. Jacobson
*The State is a Form of Life................Richard O. Hammer
(back to top of page)Volume 6, Number 4 (Summer 1999)
Title Author
*Review: Short Answers to the Tough
Questions, by Mary J. Ruwart..............Roy Halliday
*Purism vs. Practicality.....................Richard O. Hammer
*A Senate for the Free Nation Foundation,
and for a Free Nation as Well.............Phil Jacobson
*Why Not a New Hong Kong?....................Richard O. Hammer
*Review: The Structure of Liberty, by
Randy Barnett.............................Roy Halliday
*How to Handle the Press.....................Richard O. Hammer
*New Utopia..................................Paul A. Rosenberg
*Removing the Market for Coercion............Jack W. Coxe
*Will Bill Gates Start a New Country?........The Web Lampoon
*Dialog: Basic Questions About a Free
Nation....................................Roy Halliday, Spencer
MacCallum, Phil Jacobson
*Defense Through Free-Market Sport...........Douglas Nusbaum
*Let's Discuss the Amount of Coercion
Needed in a Free Nation...................Roy Halliday
(back to top of page)Volume 7, Number 1 (Autumn 1999)
Title Author
*Observations upon the Limon REAL Proposal,
Costa Rica................................Richard Hammer,
Rigoberto Stewart
*Planning a New Nation.......................Michael van Notten
*Selecting a Site for a Free Nation in an
Unfree World..............................Roy Halliday
*Forms for a Free Nation, Alternate Visions..Philip Jacobson
*Get a Free Nation by Running a Professional
Think Tank................................Richard O. Hammer
*Bridge to a Free Nation.....................Robert Klassen
*Dialog: The Basis of Law....................Roy Halliday,
Richard Hammer
*Review: Citadel, Market and Altar
by Spencer Heath..........................Roy Halliday
(back to top of page)Volume 7, Number 2 (Winter 1999-2000)
Title Author
*FNF Enters a New Era........................no author given
*ISIL '99 in Costa Rica......................Bobby Yates Emory
*Why FNF? A Personal Exposé..................Richard O. Hammer
*Review: Vigilantes of Montana by Thomas J.
Dimsdale..................................Roy Halliday
*Introduction to de Puyt's Panarchy..........Philip Jacobson
*Panarchy....................................P.E. de Puydt
*Libertarian Community of Utopia: One
Country, Three Systems....................Adrian C. Hinton
*A Response to Adrian Hinton's "Libertarian
Community of Utopia"......................Roy Halliday
*R.J. Rummel's Research Shows That Freer
Nations Are More Prosperous and Less
Violent...................................Roy Halliday
*Correspondence: Another New-Country Project
Emerges...................................Ian Sawyer & Richard Hammer
*Behavior in the Commons.....................Richard O. Hammer
(back to top of page)Volume 7, Number 3 (Spring 2000)
Title Author
Greetings from the Editor...................Roderick T. Long
Philosophy of the Presidency................Bobby Yates Emory
Vision......................................Bobby Yates Emory
Financing the Future........................Bobby Yates Emory
Combine the Power of the Internet and the
Gold Standard............................Wayne Dawson
Money, Banking, and the Gambling-Stakes
Paradigm for Loan Collateral and Labor
Contracts................................Roy Halliday
A Note on Credit Institutions in a Free
Nation...................................Roderick T. Long
In Defense of Moral Agents..................Roy Halliday
Archetypes vs. Agency: A Response to Roy
Halliday.................................Roderick T. Long
Money in a Free Nation......................Joanna Parker
(back to top of page)

Papers from Proceedings of FNF Forums

Constitutions (Autumn 1993)*The Basics of Constitutions....................Richard O. Hammer
*The Articles of Confederation..................Bobby Yates Emory
The Rationale of a Virtual-Canton
Constitution.................................Roderick T. Long
Draft of a Virtual-Canton Constitution:
Version 4....................................Roderick T. Long
Analysis of the Constitution of Oceania.........Richard Hammer, Bobby Emory
& Roderick Long
The Constitution of Oceania: Draft 0.80.........Eric Klien & Mike Oliver
Systems of Law (Spring 1994)
*Basic Questions About Law......................Richard O. Hammer
Law & Order Without Government..................Roderick T. Long
Implementing Private Law in a World
of States....................................Roderick T. Long
Notes on the History of Legal Systems...........Bobby Yates Emory
*Security in a Free Nation (Autumn 1994)
A Review of Libertarian Ideas About
Security.....................................Richard O. Hammer
The Power of Ostracism..........................Richard O. Hammer
Protective Services in a Free Nation............Scott McLaughlin
Protection, Defense, Retaliation, Punishment....Robert LeFevre
Defending a Free Nation.........................Roderick T. Long
Insurance for Security: History & Theory........Roderick T. Long
Devil's Advocate: No Defense Department
is Needed....................................Bobby Yates Emory
Providing Defense by Voluntary Means............Bobby Yates Emory
Contra Insurance................................Bobby Yates Emory
How Can Government Establish Self-Government? (Spring 1995)
*Ideas on Taking Apart Government...............Richard O. Hammer
Viewing This Subject in Light of Public
Choice Theory................................Roy Cordato
The Theory of Market Failure & Economic
Analysis of Government Bureaucracies.........Roy Cordato
*You Can't Do That..............................Bobby Yates Emory
Dismantling Leviathan from Within:
An Exercise in Casuistry.....................Roderick T. Long
When the Revolution Comes.......................Philip E. Jacobson
Glorious Revolution for an American
Free Nation..................................Philip E. Jacobson
Free Market Mechanisms for Organizing Collective Action (Autumn 1995)
Good & Bad Collective Action....................Roderick T. Long
Free Accord Law: Ethical Communities............Philip E. Jacobson
A Primer on Deliberate Collective Action........Earnest Johnson
Might Makes Right: An Observation
and a Tool...................................Richard O. Hammer
Toward Voluntary Courts & Enforcement...........Richard O. Hammer
(back to top of page)

This archive was created by Philip Jacobson and maintained by him until
this copy of the archive was made available again on Freenation.org
in February 2007. Thanks to Wayne Dawson, who maintained the
Libertariannation.org website which hosted the archive 20012007, and
to Earnest Johnson and Hal Noyes for helping to convert these materials
to HTML from their original word-processor formats.

The Archive would not be possible without the work of the editors of
Formulations: Roderick Long (Vol.I, No.1 through Vol.IV, No. III)
and Richard Hammer (Vol IV, No. 4 to Vol VII, No. 2).