Japan: (Enroute) Sailing Directions

Diunggah oleh

Deskripsi:

Sailing Directions (Enroute) include detailed coastal and port approach information, supplementing the largest scale chart of the area. Each publication is subdivided into geographic regions, called sectors, which contain information about the coastal weather, currents, ice, dangers, features and ports, as well as a graphic key to the charts available for the area.

Japan: (Enroute) Sailing Directions

Judul Asli:

Diunggah oleh

Deskripsi:

Sailing Directions (Enroute) include detailed coastal and port approach information, supplementing the largest scale chart of the area. Each publication is subdivided into geographic regions, called sectors, which contain information about the coastal weather, currents, ice, dangers, features and ports, as well as a graphic key to the charts available for the area.

Pub. 159, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Japan, Volume II, Fourteenth Edition, 2010, is issued for use in conjunction with Pub. 120, Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) Pacific Ocean and Southeast Asia. Companion volumes are Pubs. 153, 154, 155, 157, and 158. Digital Nautical Charts 12, 23 and 24 provide electronic chart coverage for the area covered by this publication. This publication has been corrected to 7 May 2011, including Notice to Mariners No. 19 of 2011. Subsequent Publication Data Updates (PDUs) have corrected this publication to 9 March 2013, including Notice to Mariners No. 10 of 2013

amend material in the publication is available as a Publication Data Update (PDU) from the NGA Maritime Domain web site. NGA Maritime Domain Website http://msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal0.0 0.0

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Sailing Directions are published by the National GeospatialIntelligence Agency (NGA), under the authority of Department of Defense Directive 5105.40, dated 12 December 1988, and pursuant to the authority contained in U. S. Code Title 10, Sections 2791 and 2792 and Title 44, Section 1336. Sailing Directions, covering the harbors, coasts, and waters of the world, provide information that cannot be shown graphically on nautical charts and is not readily available elsewhere. Sailing Directions (Enroute) include detailed coastal and port approach information which supplements the largest scale chart produced by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. This publication is divided into geographic areas called Sectors. Bearings.Bearings are true, and are expressed in degrees from 000 (north) to 360, measured clockwise. General bearings are expressed by initial letters of points of the compass (e.g. N, NNE, NE, etc.). Adjective and adverb endings have been discarded. Wherever precise bearings are intended degrees are used. Charts.Reference to charts made throughout this publication refer to both the paper chart and the Digital Nautical Chart (DNC). Coastal Features.It is assumed that the majority of ships have radar. Available coastal descriptions and views, useful for radar and visual piloting are included in geographic sequence in each Sector. Corrective Information.Users should refer corrections, additions, and comments to NGAs Maritime Operations Desk, as follows: 1. Toll free: 1-800-362-6289 2. Commercial: 571-557-5455 3. DSN: 547-5455 4. DNC web site: http://msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/ DNC.portal 5. Maritime Domain web site: http://msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/ MSI.portal 6. E-mail: navsafety@nga.mil 7. Mailing address: Office of Maritime Safety National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Mail Stop N-64 7500 Geoint Drive Springfield VA 22150-7500 New editions of Sailing Directions are corrected through the date of the publication shown above. Important information to

Courses.Courses are true, and are expressed in the same manner as bearings. The directives steer and make good a course mean, without exception, to proceed from a point of origin along a track having the identical meridianal angle as the designated course. Vessels following the directives must allow for every influence tending to cause deviation from such track, and navigate so that the designated course is continuously being made good. Currents.Current directions are the true directions toward which currents set. Dangers.As a rule outer dangers are fully described, but inner dangers which are well-charted are, for the most part, omitted. Numerous offshore dangers, grouped together, are mentioned only in general terms. Dangers adjacent to a coastal passage or fairway are described. Distances.Distances are expressed in nautical miles of 1 minute of latitude. Distances of less than 1 mile are expressed in meters, or tenths of miles. Geographic Names.Geographic names are generally those used by the nation having sovereignty. Names in parentheses following another name are alternate names that may appear on some charts. In general, alternate names are quoted only in the principal description of the place. Diacritical marks, such as accents, cedillas, and circumflexes, which are related to specific letters in certain foreign languages, are not used in the interest of typographical simplicity. Geographic names or their spellings do not necessarily reflect recognition of the political status of an area by the United States Government. Heights.Heights are referred to the plane of reference used for that purpose on the charts and are expressed in meters. Index-Gazetteer.Navigational features and place names are listed alphabetically in the back of the book. The approximate position, along with the Sector and paragraph numbers (e.g. 1.1), facilitate location in the text. Internet Links.This publication provides internet links to web sites concerned with maritime navigational safety, including but not limited to, Federal government sites, foreign Hydrographic Offices, and foreign public/private port facilities. NGA makes no claims, promises, or guarantees concerning the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the contents of the web sites and expressly disclaims any liability for errors and omissions of these web sites. Light and Fog Signals.Lights and fog signals are not described, and light sectors are not usually defined. The Light Lists should be consulted for complete information. Ports.Directions for entering ports are depicted where appropriate by means of chartlets, sketches, and photos, which facilitate positive identification of landmarks and navigational aids. These chartlets and sketches are not always to scale, however, and should be used only as a general informational guide in conjunction with the best scale chart. Specific port facilities are omitted from the standard format. They are tabulated in Pub. 150, World Port Index. Radio Navigational Aids.Radio navigational aids are not0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

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described in detail. Publication No. 117 Radio Navigational Aids and NOAA Publication, Selected Worldwide Marine Broadcasts, should be consulted. Soundings.Soundings are referred to the datum of the charts and are expressed in meters. Special Warnings.A Special Warning may be in force for the geographic area covered by this publication. Special Warnings are printed in the weekly Notice to Mariners upon promulgation and are reprinted annually in Notice to Mariners No. 1. A listing of Special Warnings currently in force is printed in each weekly Notice to Mariners, Section III, Broadcast Warnings, along with the notice number of promulgation. Special Warnings are also available on the Maritime Division web site. Wind Directions.Wind directions are the true directions0.0 0.0 0.0

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The principal sources examined in the preparation of this publication were: British Hydrographic Department Sailing Directions. Various port handbooks. Reports from United States Naval and merchant vessels and various shipping companies. Other U.S. Government publications, reports, and documents. Charts, light lists, tide and current tables, and other documents in possession of the Agency.

1 1. HokkaidoWest Coast and Tsugaru Kaikyo

Additional chart coverage may be found in NGA/DLIS Catalog of Maps, Charts, and Related Products (Unlimited Distribution).

SECTOR 1 CHART INFORMATION

Pub. 159

SECTOR 1HOKKAIDOWEST COAST AND TSUGARU KAIKYO1.0

Plan.This sector describes the W coast of Hokkaido from Soya Misaki, the N extremity of Hokkaido, to Orido Saki, its SW extremity; the arrangement of this part is from N to S. Then Tsugaru Kaikyo, the deep strait between Hokkaido and Honshu, connecting the Pacific Ocean to the Sea of Japan, is described; the arrangement of this part is from E to W.

General Remarks1.1 Japan consists of four large and many small islands. The four large islands are named from NE to SW, respectively, Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. The islands are mountainous and there are many volcanoes forming distinct volcanic chains. Earthquakes occur frequently in different parts of Japan. The rivers of Japan are comparatively short, their flow rapid, and none are navigable by large ocean-going vessels. Large plains are few in Japan, but there are a number of small alluvial plains, and the valleys of the larger rivers are especially fertile. The Naikai, or Inland Sea, bounded N by Honshu and S by Shikoku and Kyushu, constitutes an important passage for vessels, foreign and domestic, between the large ports of Kobe and Osaka at its E end and Moji, Shimonoseki, and Wakamatsu at its W end, and numerous other harbors in between. The Naikai, which contains an immense number of islands and is lets, is famous for its scenery. Many of the channels are narrow and the tidal currents in them are strong, but heavy seas are seldom experienced. WindsWeather.The climate along the W coast of Hokkaido is influenced by the Tsushima Current, which gives its relatively warm temperatures. In winter, however, it bears the full impact of the Northwest Monsoon, with the heaviest snowfall, a low percentage of days with sunshine, and extremely cold temperatures. In summer since the Southeast Monsoon is blocked by mountains, there is relatively little rainfall, and the climate is characterized by stretches of good weather and moderate land and sea breezes. The Northwest Monsoon prevails in winter and the South east Monsoon prevails in summer. The winter wind is generally strong, and the summer wind relatively weak. The cold Northwest Monsoon from the Continental High dominates the winter climate, but these strong winds are not necessarily continuous. Periods of weak and strong currents generally alternate at intervals of 5 to 10 days. As one low pressure system moves E and out to sea the weather moderates until another storm moves in from the Sea of Japan. Winds are not very strong until the low pressure system passes through, and a cold front brings the monsoon winds in its wake. These strong winds may persist for several days until the low pressure system moves E out to sea and relatively calm weather is once again restored. The Northwest Monsoon gradually begins to weaken in March, and by April, S winds become dominant. During the summer season, an E wind is sometimes generated in June, the Sea of Okhotsk High. Generally, the Pacific Ocean1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

High dominates and a mild Southeast Monsoon prevails. The winter Northwest Monsoon winds tend to persist for long periods over a wide area, and generally attain velocities of 19 knots or more; since they are usually accompanied by snow, most are blizzards. Like heavy fogs, blizzards obstruct visibility, but they are much more dangerous to navigation due to the extremely cold and strong winds that accompany them. It appears that snowfall generally drops sharply beyond a distance of 10 miles from shore. On the W and S coasts of Hokkaido, fog occurs on the average of less than 1 day per month from about September to April, increasing in the summer months to a maximum of 5 days per month in July. It is most frequent in the vicinity of Rashiri Suido and Okushiri Kaikyo. In the Sea of Japan during the winter months, the Northwest Monsoon normally ensures that the air temperature is below that of the sea surface, a condition which discourages fog formation. Ice.Drift ice passing through La Perouse Strait from the E does not usually extend farther SW than the vicinity of Rishiri To, where it disappears. Most of this ice is brought from the Sea of Okhotsk by NE winds, but some occasionally arrives from the W coast of Ostrov Sakhalin. Winds from between the S and W tend to clear the ice way. The harbor of Wakkanai is occasionally frozen over. There are occasional years in which neither fast ice nor drift ice appears on this part of the W coast of Hokkaido. There is practically no fast ice along the mainland coast S of Rishiri To. TidesCurrents.Tides along the W coast of Hokkaido are very small. The maximum daily tidal range does not exceed 0.3m. Diurnal inequality is marked all along the coast, with often only one HW and one LW per day. The tidal currents of the W coast of Hokkaido are generally weak and irregular. They are influenced by the ocean currents that set N along the coast. The Tsushima Current, a branch of the warm Kuroshio current, flows in a N direction off the W coasts of Honshu and Hokkaido, and branches of this ocean current set E through Tsugaru Kaikyo and La Perouse Strait. In summer, the time of greatest strength, the velocity is generally less than 0.5 knot, though it may attain more than 1 knot in places, with much greater strength in the straits. The Tsushima Current is extremely weak in winter. Regulations.The Japanese Coast Guard has instituted the Japanese Ship Reporting System (JASREP). Purpose and participation in this system is similar in intent and format to the AMVER system. Any vessel desiring to participate in both JASREP and AMVER may do so by sending notice of dual participation to the appropriate coastal station. The service area of the JASREP system is the area N of latitude 17N and W of longitude 165E. The Maritime Traffic Safety Law established traffic routes in Tokyo Wan, Ise Wan, and the Naikai. Waters along the coast of Japan are congested with vessels, especially in the above-mentioned areas which are extremely crowded with large and small1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

Pub. 159

Sector 1. HokkaidoWest Coast and Tsugaru Kaikyo

of hills rises to an elevation of 211m and falls sharply to a tongue of low land at its N end. A light is shown from Noshappu Misaki. Houses about 0.5 mile S of the light structure are brightly illuminated and can be seen over 20 miles offshore, and are visible before Noshappu Misaki Light. Esandomari Gyoko, protected by breakwaters, from one of which a light is shown, is situated close S of Noshappu Misaki. The light is shown from a red tower, 11m high. A radio tower, 220m high, is conspicuous about 2.5 miles SSE of Noshappu Misaki. Several white domes and blue domes are conspicuous about 0.8 mile to 2 miles S of the point. Rocks and shoals, with depths of less than 4.9m, extend up to about 0.7 mile off Noshappu Misaki. The point should be given a berth of at least 1 mile. Koetoi Saki (4525'N., 14145'E.) can be identified by the houses on it and by a flat treeless hillock behind them. A spit, on which there are several rocks with depths of less than 1.8m, extends about 1.5 miles N of Koetoi Saki. A light is shown nearly 1 mile N of the point. Caution.Fish traps are laid (August to December) from 0.8 to 1.5 miles seaward of the E side of Koetoi Saki and the SE side of Noshappu Misaki. Seaweed farms lie within 0.8 mile of the shores of Koetoi Saki and Noshappu Misaki.

vessels. In order to maintain safety of traffic, the Maritime Safety Law establishes special rules to regulate shipping traffic in these traffic congested areas. See Pub. 120, Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) Pacific Ocean and Southeast Asia for Maritime Traffic Safety Law; also see appropriate sectors of this publication for rules and signals of Maritime Traffic Safety Law. Pub. 158, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Japan, Volume I describes the coasts of Japan which border the Sea of Okhotsk, the Pacific Ocean, and the Philippine Sea; it also includes Nampo Shoto and Nansei Shoto (Ryukyu Islands). Caution.Fish havens, which may be on the seabed, at intermediate mid-layer depths, or floating on the surface, are numerous in Japanese waters and are continually being augmented. Concentrations of fishing vessels can be expected in their vicinity. Caution should be exercised as the placement of fish havens may well precede their inclusion in the Notice to Mariners.1.1 1.1

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HokkaidoWest Coast1.2 Soya Misaki (4531'N., 14156'E.), the N extremity of Hokkaido, is grass-covered and 50m high. It rises about 2 miles inland to the summit of Maru Yama, a rounded hill, 168m high, which can sometimes be seen when the cape itself is obscured by fog. A light, 17m high, is shown from a tower on the cape. Benten Shima, a light brown rock, 11m high, stands about 0.8 mile W of Soya Misaki, on a reef. The cape is fringed by rocky ledges and the bottom is uneven in the vicinity. Depths of less than 20.1m extend up to about 2 miles off the cape, which should be given a wide berth due to the currents. Caution.Large vessels approaching from the E should avoid a reef, with depth of 15.8m, about 13 miles E of the cape. Due to the dangers in the vicinity of Soya Misaki the tidal currents in La Perouse Strait, Soya Misaki should at all times be passed at a distance of at least 5 miles.1.2 1.2 1.2

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La Perouse Strait, known to the Japanese as Soya Kaikyo and to the Russians as Proliv Laperuza, separates Hokkaido from Sakhalin, and is described in Pub. 155, Sailing Directions (Enroute) East Coast of Russia. The passage is about 23 miles wide between Soya Misaki and Mys Krilon (Nisi-Notoro Misaki), the S extremity of Sakhalin. Ostrov Kamen Opasnosti (Nizyo Gan) (Nijo Gan), an isolated rock, lies in the N part of the strait, about 8.5 miles SE of Mys Krilon. The strait joins the Sea of Japan and the Gulf of Tartary, to the W, and the Sea of Okhotsk, to the E. Soya Wan is entered between Soya Misaki and Noshappu Misaki (Nosyappu Misaki), about 12 miles WSW. The bay is divided into two parts. Koetoi Saki projects N from the head of the bay. Wakkanoi Ko occupies the SW part of the bay. Wakkanoi Ko is suitable for vessels of up to 5,000 dwt. Anchorage.The bottom of Soya Wan is either rock or sand and affords such poor holding ground that dragging is likely in strong winds. 1.3 Noshappu Misaki (4527'N., 14139'E.), the NW extremity of Hokkaido, is the N extremity of a peninsula connected to the mainland of Hokkaido by a low isthmus. The peninsula appears as an island from a distance; its central range

Soya Misaki Light

Wakkanai Ko (4525'N., 14141'E.)

World Port Index No. 61260 1.4 Wakkanai Ko handles oil, cement, vehicles and general cargo. There is a terminal for the ferry service from Hokkaido to Rebun-jima and Rishiri To. Domestic and foreign vessels enter and cargo volume is increasing steadily as port facilities are expanded. The port is sheltered by North Breakwater extending 1 mile1.4

Pub. 159

Sector 1. HokkaidoWest Coast and Tsugaru Kaikyo

TidesCurrents.The tidal rise at Wakkanai is 0.3m at MHHW. DepthsLimitations.The fairway and the approach to TenpokuNo. 1 Wharf has been dredged to a depth of 10m. The draft limit is approximately 9m. The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Wakkanai KoBerthing Facilities. Aspect.Cranes and white oil tanks are conspicuous on Hokuyo Wharf. The Combined Port Affairs Building, a four-story building with a radio tower and yellow dome on the roof and with radio towers in the compound, lies at the foot of Central Wharf. Pilotage.Pilots are available at Rumoi; VHF channel 16 is used. Anchorage.The best anchorage for large vessels, in about 14m, sand, lies about 0.6 mile ENE of the head of North Breakwater. The bottom is a thin layer of sand over rock; there is risk of dragging with strong winds or swell. The anchorage is susceptible to winds from the NW to NE. The quarantine anchorage is centered about 0.8 mile N of the head of North Breakwater. Directions.Entry is made between the head of the N breakwater and the NW end of East Breakwater. The fairway leading to the entrance at the breakwaters has been dredged to a depth of 12.8m; from the entrance to Tenpoku Wharf, the fairway has been dredged to a depth of 11.9m. Irregular seas occur at the entrance with prolonged NW to N winds.1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

Wakkanai Light ESE from the shore. A light is shown on its head from a red round tower, 14m high. East Breakwater, detached, lies with its NW head 0.2 mile SSE of the head of North Breakwater. It extends SE and then E. A light is shown at its NW end. A detached breakwater, 0.35 mile long, is situated 0.2 mile N of the head of North Breakwater. A light is shown from its E end. North Wharf, Central Wharf, and Hokuyo Wharf, N to S respectively, lie on the W side of the harbor. Tenpoku Wharf extends N from the shore S of the head of North Breakwater. WindsWeather.West and NW winds are most frequent in winter; sea conditions are most frequent in winter; sea conditions are particularly poor from September to April. In the prolonged westerlies of winter, large swells sweep around Noshappu Misaki and penetrate the harbor. North to NE winds quickly generate high seas in the anchorage, and seas and swell penetrate the harbor through the large opening to the E. Spring and summer winds are generally from SSW and E. Fog forms from mid-June to early August. Their frequency is low and average about 6 or 7 times per month in June and July. The visibility in fog is about 0.2 mile. No fog forms in March. Fog forms in April around sunrise and after May, from 0300 to 0800 and from 1600 to 2100. Fog often follows misty rain and disappears within 1 to 2 hours. It also forms frequently in light easterlies and dissipates with an increase in wind velocity or a change of wind direction. The visibility in fog is at times about 0.1 mile. Fog in this area persists for 2 to 3 hours and rarely lasts for more than 10 hours. Fog, which forms with Southwesters, is said to persist for a long time.1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

Islands and Dangers Off the Northwest End of Hokkaido

1.5 Rebun To (Ruben Shima) (4522'N., 14101'E.), about 25 miles W of Noshappu Misaki, rises to an elevation of 490m at Rebun Take, near the center of the island. The top of Rebun Take is covered with pine trees, and appears conical from the N or S, but the descent on the N side is gradual. The E coast consists of a sand and shingle beach; the W side consists of eroded cliffs, 100 to 200m high. Todo Shima, an islet 43m high, lies about 0.8 mile N of Sukoton Misaki, the N extremity of Rebun To. A light is shown from the W side of the islet. Todo Shima lies on the foul ground extending N of Sukoton To. A bare rock, 3.4m high, lies about 1.5 miles N of Todo Shima, and a rock, Oki-no Syo, with a depth of 1.2m, lies about 0.5 mile farther N. Gorota Yama, a hill, 179m high, lies about 1.5 miles S of Sukoton Misaki. Kanedano Misaki, the NE extremity of Rebun To, and marked by a light, has depths of less than 4.9m extending about 0.4 mile N. An isolated rock, with a least depth of 0.1m and surrounded by deep water, lies about 1.5 miles N of Kanedano Misaki; it is constantly awash and easy to identify by day. A shoal having a least depth of 7.4m lies about 2.3 miles NE of Kanedano Misaki. Funadomari Wan, entered between Sukoton Misaki and Kanedano Misaki, has depths of 20.1m in the entrance, gradually shoaling to 4.9m about 0.3 mile off the head. There is good anchorage, sheltered from the S winds, in 14m, with Kanedano Misaki bearing 032, and with Oshonnai Yama, a 171m high hill, about 2 miles SSE of the point, bearing 119. Funadomari Ko, a small harbor, sheltered by breakwaters,1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

Pub. 159

Sector 1. HokkaidoWest Coast and Tsugaru Kaikyo

Kanedano Misaki Light lies on the E side of Funadomari Wan. A berth, 100m in length, with a depth of 4.9m alongside, lies on the S side of the S breakwater.1.5

Uedomari Saki, the E extremity of Rebun To, and about 2.8 miles SSE of Kanedano Misaki, is marked by a light. Uedomari Saki Light NE of the fishing harbor entrance, clear of the above-mentioned rock. Caution is also necessary as the bottom is rocky in places. Anchorage, in about 33m, sand, good holding ground, lies farther offshore.

1.6 Kafukai Byoshi (Kahukai Byoti) (4520'N., 14103'E.) is an open roadstead formed by a slight indentation on the W side of Rebun To. Komayano Saki, the N entrance point, is a red cliffy headland. A fishing harbor, formed by breakwaters, with an entrance in its NE corner, lies in the S part of the roadstead. A rock, with a depth of 6.4m, lies about 0.3 mile NE of the fishing harbor entrance. The best anchorage, sheltered from W winds, is in about 14m, sand, about 0.2 mile

Wakkanai KoBerthing Facilities Name Mooring Quay North Wharf Kita Chiku Ferry Quay North Quay Central Wharf South Quay East Quay No. 2 Auxiliary Quay No. 1 Auxiliary Quay Improved Quay Hokuyou Wharf North Quay No. 1 S Quay No. 2 S Quay Position West of the root of North Breakwater East side of wharf South side of wharf North of the root of wharf North side of wharf South side of wharf A pier on the E side of wharf West side of No. 2 auxiliary port West side of No. 1 auxiliary port West side of wharf North side of wharf South side of wharf (in order from N) Length 154m 110m 110m 90m 260m 275m 170m 420m 990m 753m 460m 300m 210m Depth 6.5-7.0m 5.0m 5.0-5.5m 4.5-5.0m 6.5-7.0m 4.0-5.5m 6.0-7.0m 5.0m 5.0m 5.0m 5.0-6.0m 6.0-8.0m 2,000 dwt Fishing boats only Fishing boats only Vessel size 3,000 dwt 1,000 dwt 1,000 dwt 2,000 dwt 5,000 dwt 2,000 dwt 5,000 dwt

Length 260m 240m 185m 185m 260m 260m 180m

Depth 5.0m 12.0m 9.5m 10.0m 7.5-8.0m 7.5m 7.5m

North Quay East Quay West Quay East Quay

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Stationary fish traps extend about 1 mile off the N and S sides of Kafukai Byoshi from March to November on the N side and from March to July on the S side. Kafuka Ko (Kahuka Ko) is a small port about 2 miles S of Kafukai Byoshi. Karrannai Misaki is situated 4 miles SSW of Kafukai Byoshi. The entrance to Kafuka Ko, which faces SE, lies between two detached breakwaters and the heads of the North Breakwater and South Breakwater. A light is shown on the South Breakwater. The E detached breakwater extends about 0.2 mile S from a position 0.15 mile S of the head of South Breakwater. South Outer Breakwater extends 0.25 mile WSW from a position 0.4 mile S of the head of South Breakwater. All breakwaters are lit. Anchorage, sheltered from W winds, can be taken, in 10.1m or more, outside of the breakwaters at Kafuka Ko. Kufuka Ko and Funadomari Ko are terminals for the ferries to Hokkaido. Nairo Ko Light is shown from the head of a breakwater 7 miles N of Karannai Misaki. Rebun Suido, 5 miles wide between Rebun To and Rishiri To, is deep and free of dangers. The currents set NE. Kafuka Light Ishi Saki (Isi Saki), the E extremity of Rishiri To, is marked by a light shown from a round tower, 32m high. Oniwaki Ko (4509'N., 14119'E.), a small port, lies about 1.5 miles SW of Ishi Saki. The harbor, in which there are general depths from 3 to 5m, is entered from the NNE between the N breakwater and the W head of the S breakwater, which is Y-shaped. A light is shown from the W head of the S breakwater and on a beacon on the head of the N breakwater. A light is shown on the N head of a detached breakwater, 0.2 mile ENE of the W head of the S breakwater. The best anchorage off Oniwaki Ko, in about 13m, sand, lies about 0.3 mile E of the S breakwater head. During winds from the W, anchorage should be obtained as close inshore as possible. Caution.Submarine cables extend from the foot of the E breakwater at Oshidomari Ko. Another detached breakwater is under construction 0.15 mile SSE of the head of the E breakwater. A light is shown from its N head. Senhoshi Saki (Senposi Saki), the S extremity of Rishiri To, is marked by a light. Senposhipon Yama, a hill, 320m high, is1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

1.7 Rishiri To (Rishiri Shima) (4511'N., 14115'E.) is a volcanic island, rising to Rishiri San, a conical mountain, 1,719m high, at its center. The summit of the mountain is usually in clouds or mist, but with NE winds or after a heavy rain it is visible for about 80 miles. The coasts of the island are mostly low and backed by dense woods. The NW side of the island facing Rishiri Suido has depths of less than 10.1m extending about 0.3 to 0.5 mile offshore. The remainder of the island has no dangers less than 10.1m beyond 0.25 mile offshore. Beshi Misaki (4515'N., 14114'E.), a small peninsula with a steep outer cliff and a sharp summit, 93m high, lies about 1.5 miles ESE of Hontomari Misaki (Motodomari Misaki), the N extremity of Rishiri To. Oshidomari Light is shown on Beshi Misaki. Oshidomari Ko (Osidomari Ko), a small port, lies close S of Beshi Misaki. Oshidomari Wan, entered between Beshi Misaki and Notsuka Misaki (Nozuka Misaki), about 1.8 miles ESE, is sheltered from winds from the SE through S to NW, and partially sheltered from winds between E and SE by the mainland; at times there are strong winds from Rishiri San. The holding ground in most places is good. Depths of less than 10.1m extend about 0.2 to 0.4 mile offshore.1.7 1.7 1.7

Pub. 159

Sector 1. HokkaidoWest Coast and Tsugaru Kaikyo

Oshidomari Light Senhoshi Saki Light

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Ishi Saki Light conspicuous with its barren top, about 1.8 miles NNE of Senhoshi Saki. Oniwakipon Yama, 411m high, about 1.8 miles farther NE, has a prominent wooded summit, which from the S appears as two. Pub. 159

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Senhoshi Ko, a fishing port, lies 1.5 miles NW of Senhoshi Saki. The lighthouse on the E breakwater is an excellent landmark when approaching Rishiri To from the S. Senhoshi Tai (Senposi Tai), SW of Rishiri To, consists of two parts, with a deep trough between Rishiri Ne (Risiri Ne), with a least depth of 56m, lies about 10 miles SW of Senhoshi Saki. Orikomino Ne, with a least depth of 42m, lies about 7 miles WNW of Rishiri Ne. Musashi Tai is an extensive bank, with its least depths in position 4446'N, 14021'E, about 46 miles WSW of Rishiri San. This shoal area has four shoals, with depths of 4.9 to 34m, within a radius of 1.75 miles. On the NE side of this shoal area there is a shoal 10.1m deep, 180m long, and 18m wide. The shoal area has a thick growth of seaweed and is surrounded by deep water. The remainder of Musashi Tai, with depths of less than 200m, extends about 20 miles NW and 30 miles SE of the shoal area, and is about 20 miles wide. Rishiri Suido (Risiri Suido), between Rishiri To and Hokkaido, is 10 miles wide, deep, and free of dangers. Conspicuous landmarks on Rebun To and Rishiri To make navigation easy; however, Rishiri Suido is relatively shallow on the mainland side, where depths of less than 10.1m extend from 1 to 1.5 miles offshore. There are no conspicuous landmarks on the mainland side and it is advisable to navigate nearer to Rishiri To. The current sets NE in Rishiri Suido, attaining velocities of 1 to 1.5 knots in summer, and increasing markedly with strong SW winds.

Sector 1. HokkaidoWest Coast and Tsugaru Kaikyo Noshappu Misaki to Tampake Misaki1.8 The coast from Noshappu Misaki (4527'N., 14139'E.) to Tampake Misaki, about 68 miles S, is generally low, with very few conspicuous landmarks. Depths of over 19.8m lie from 1 to 2 miles offshore, except off Haboro. where depths over 19.8m lie 3 miles offshore; there are no detached off-lying dangers. There are no harbors suitable for large vessels. However, with E winds, temporary anchorage can be obtained in suitable depths, sand or mud, nearly anywhere along this coast. Bakkai Misaki, about 8 miles S of Noshappu Misaki, is a small projection, 1m high, with a village on it, providing an excellent radar target. A rock, with a depth of 10.1m, lies about 1.3 miles NW of Bakkai Misaki. The mouth of Teshio Gawa (Teshio Kawa) lies about 26 miles farther S; a light is shown near the entrance. A white chimney, 38m high, is conspicuous about 0.5 mile N of the light. The town of Teshio (Tesio), E of the river mouth, is an excellent landmark day or night. There are low tablelands and plains N of the Teshio Gawa estuary, while S of the estuary is a series of low hills. Owing to the fluctuating depths in the entrance, the port is used by vessels of not more than 150 grt. The coast for about 15 miles S of Teshio Gawa consists of low, flat, sandy beach, then changes to brown sea-eroded cliffs, 30 to 50m high, for about 4 miles to Toyosaki Misaki. At Embetsu (Onbetsu), about 10 miles S of Teshio Gawa, a railway bridge, painted green and crossing a river, is conspicuous. A radio tower, 135m high and marked by red lights, is visible from 10 miles offshore. The coast between Toyosaki Misaki and Tomamae Saki, about 16 miles SSW, consists of intermittent light brown cliffs, 20 to 30m high, backed by plateau-like hills. Inland there is dense, dark forest.1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8

about 3.5 miles N of Tomamae Saki, and about 2.5 miles offshore. The shoal extends about 1.3 miles in a N-S direction. 1.9 Yangeshiri Shima (4426'N., 14125'E.) lies about 12 miles NW of Tomamae Saki and rises to an elevation of 93m at its W end. The island is bordered by rocks and reefs. A light is shown from the SE end of the island. Kamoi Iwa, a rock, 4.9m high and marked by a beacon, lies about 0.5 mile E of the SE end of Yagishiri-jima; it is illuminated by an auxiliary light at the lighthouse. A reef, awash in any sea, extends about 0.1 mile E of Kamai Iwa, and a rock, with a depth of 5.7m, lies about 91m farther E. Higano Se, with a depth of 4.8m at its outer end, extends about 0.3 mile W from the W end of the island. Teuri-jima (Teuri To) (Teure Shima), about 2 miles W of Yagishiri-jima, rises to an elevation of 185m near its SW end. Teuri-jima Light is shown about 0.4 mile SW of Gome Saki, the N extremity of the island. Gome Iwa, a jagged rock 2.5m high and marked by a light, lies on a reef extending nearly 0.5 mile N of Gome Saki; the reef is usually marked by breakers. A light is shown from Akaiwa Saki, the SW end of Teuri-jima. A light is shown from a white tower, 9m high, on the head of a breakwater at Maehama Ko (4425'N., 14120'E.) on the E side of the island. Nishino Se, a ridge with a depth of 4.5m at its outer end, extends nearly 0.5 mile E from the E extremity of Teuri-jima. Nakano Se, a detached rock with a depth of 3.5m, lies about 1 mile ESE of the same extremity. Musashi Suido (Musasi Suido), the channel between the islands, has a navigable width of 1 mile, with depths over 10.1m, between Higano Se to the E, and Nishino Se and Na-kano Se to the W. The N current in Musashi Suido is very weak with a velocity of less than 0.5 knot. Strong N winds may cause a S set in the passage. Caution.Vessels without radar should not attempt the passage in low visibility, as it is difficult to determine the position by soundings.1.9 1.9 1.9

1.8

1.8

1.8

Tomamae Saki (4419'N., 14139'E.) is a headland with a small bare hill, 64m high; there are cliffs on its seaward side, with houses at the foot of the cliff. Tomamae Saki is foul on its W and N sides; from it a reef extends about 0.9 mile NNW. The bottom in the vicinity is rocky and very uneven; depths of about 5m are found up to 1 mile NNW of the point. Pisshiri Yama (Pissiri San), a mountain, 1,032m high, is conspicuous about 17 miles E of Tomamae Saki. Maru Yama, a small wooded hill, 179m high, lies about 5 miles SSE of Tomamae Saki and 1.75 miles inland; its round black summit forms a good landmark, but from a distance, especially from the N, it is difficult to distinguish it from the mountains behind. Haboro Syo (Haporo Sho) lies with its least depth of 5.4m

Rumoi Ko (4357'N., 14138'E.)

World Port Index No. 61250 1.10 Rumoi Ko, an artificial harbor, lies E of Rumoi Saki and W of the mouth of Rumoi Gawa. South Breakwater extends N from Rumoi Saki, while North Breakwater extends W from the training wall on the W side of the mouth of Rumoi Gawa. West Breakwater, detached and lying in a NE-SW direction, is situated about 0.3 mile W of the head of South Breakwater. The harbor is divided into four areas, as follows:

Courtesy Japan Coast Guard

Rumoi Ko 1. Area No. 4The roadstead outside the breakwaters. 2. Area No. 3Within the breakwaters. 3. Area No. 2 and Area No. 1Within the jetties lying E of Rumoi Saki. WindsWeather.The sea around Rumoi Ko is usually calm from late April to early August, becoming stormy from late August to late March. The prevailing winds are from the ESE. Rumoi Ko is noted for its strong winds, particularly in winter when W to N winds sometimes accompany blizzards; waves over 5.8m high batter the breakwaters, sometimes penetrating the Inner Harbor. A fierce winter storm lasting 10 days has been recorded for this area. Rainfall is heaviest from August to December. Snowfall in the area is also heavy.

1.10

Aerial view of Rumoi Ko

DepthsLimitations.The channel leading to the Inner Harbor has been dredged to 8m; however, shoaling up to 3.5m has been reported at the entrance 0.2 mile either side of the North Breakwater. Vessels tend to remain seaward of the 10m line in Area No. 4. The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Rumoi KoBerthing Facilities.1.10 1.10

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Aspect.The coast from Rumoi Ko to Tomamae Saki, about 22 miles N, is a straight, sandy beach with low, rolling hills inland. Rumoi Saki (4357'N., 14138'E.) is the N extremity of a plateau, about 20m high, which is conspicuous due to the houses on it. A group of oil tanks about 0.4 mile S of Rumoi Saki is conspicuous. Rumoi Light is shown about 0.8 mile NE of Rumoi Saki. Two white concrete masts, the highest 67m high with triangular topmark, are conspicuous nearly 1.5 miles N of Rumoi Light. Lights mark the SW end of the W breakwater, and the head of the E breakwater, which extends 0.8 mile N from Rumoi Saki. A breakwater extends W from a position on the shore about 0.9 mile N of Rumoi Light; a light is shown from its head. Pilotage.Pilotage is available, not compulsory, but recommended. Requests for pilotage should be sent 24 hours in advance. Pilots board in the quarantine anchorage in summer and in Area No. 3 in winter. Anchorage.The quarantine anchorage, centered about 0.5 mile NNW of Rumoi Saki, has depths of 13 to 20.1m. There is risk of dragging in strong W to N winds. Area No. 3 has a sand bottom, with poor holding ground, with risk of dragging in strong W to N winds. There are depths of 5.2 to 10.4m in the W part of Area No. 3; obstructions, with depths of 9.8m and 10.1m, lie in this part of the area.1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10

11

mountain in the vicinity and also conspicuous. The summits of both mountains are often hidden in clouds or mist. Tengu Dake, a mountain 983m high, about 5 miles NW of Ofuyu Misaki, has a bare ridge sloping NW, flanked by wooded slopes, and ending in a gray cliff, 494m high, conspicuous from the NE or SW. Okino Se, with a depth of 3.7m, lies about 1.5 miles offshore at the outer end of foul ground extending NNW of Ofuyu Misaki. Chino Se, with a least depth of 1.3m, and Todo Shima, a large boulder 2m high, lie between Okino Se and the shore to its SE. TidesCurrents.The currents in the vicinity of Ofuyu Misaki are generally weak. From late March to early May, a strong current flows N with velocities of 2 to 6 knots; it is believed this current is influenced by the discharge of spring flood waters from Ishikari Gawa. Caution.Ofuyu Misaki should be given a berth of at least 3 miles to ensure clearing Okino Se, 2 miles NNW of Ofuyu Misaki. This shoal is the outermost of several dangers, above and below-water, which lie on foul ground NNW of Ofuyu Misaki.1.12 1.12 1.12

Ofuyu Misaki to Otaru Ko

1.13 Aikappu Misaki (4331'N., 14122'E.), about 13 miles S of Ofuyu Misaki, is a cliffy headland; the elevated outer tip of the headland appears like a detached island when viewed from the N or S. A flat-topped mountain, 486m high, on top of the headland, is radar conspicuous. The coast recedes between the two headlands to sand and gravel beaches. Kogane Yama, a cone-shaped mountain, 740m high, is conspicuous about 9 miles SE of Ofuyu Misaki. An open bay lies between Aikappu Misaki and Takashima Misaki, about 23 miles SW. Otaru Ko lies S of Takashima Misaki. The coast between Aikappu Misaki and Atsuta, about 8 miles SSE, is bordered by cliffs and backed by a range of steep, densely wooded mountains. From there to the mouth of Ishikari Gawa, the coast consists of gravel beaches backed by a series of low treeless hills. Asoiwa Yama, 418m high, with a dome at its summit, lies about 7 miles ENE of the mouth of Ishikari Gawa, and is conspicuous as it is surrounded by low, bare hills. Ishikari Gawa, the largest river in Hokkaido, is accessible only to boats. The small port of Ishikari Ko lies in the mouth of the river. The bar at the river mouth is constantly changing, and the river is tidal for about 8 miles upstream. A submarine cable runs in a NW direction close N of Ishikari Gawa. DepthsLimitations.A T-shaped pier, East Wharf, lies on the SW side of East Breakwater. There is a lumber quay on the SW side of East Wharf, with an alongside depth of 10.1m. The fairway to the lumber quay is being dredged to 10.1m. One tug of 2,500 hp is available. Additional tugs are available from Otaru, if required. Aspect.The coast from the mouth of Ishikari Gawa to Zenibako, about 12 miles SW, is a series of low sandy beaches. The land W of Zenibako consists of plateau-type hills, the coastline alternating between stretches of cliffs and gravel beaches. Anchorage.Temporary exposed anchorage can be taken, in 11 to 12.8m, mud bottom, about 1 mile off the mouth of the river.1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13

Rumoi Ko to Ishikari Wan

1.11 The coast from Rumoi Ko to Notsuka Saki, about 7 miles SW, is bordered by cliffs about 40m high, with low hills covered with grass inland. Notsuka Saki is the N extremity of a relatively flat headland; the town of Mashike on the headland and Mashike Ko Light on its E side are conspicuous from a distance.1.11

1.11

Mashike Ko (4351'N., 14132'E.) lies E of the headland. The harbor provides berths with a total length in excess of 600m, with depths of up to 5.6m alongside. Reclamation is in progress in the S part of the harbor. Anchorage.Local vessels generally anchor, in 8 to 11m, gravel over soft bedrock, poor holding ground, with Mashike Light bearing between 225 and 270, distant about 0.5 mile. The anchorage is exposed to winds from the N to E, but sheltered from W to NW winds. There is risk of dragging with strong SE winds.

1.12 The coast from Notsuka Saki to Ofuyu Misaki, about 12 miles SW, consists of a low sandy beach on the shores of a shallow bay for about 3 miles, then a high mountain range backs the coast, descending abruptly seaward with cliffs, 100m high. Futatsu Iwa, two rocks 1.4m high, lie about 0.5 mile offshore, about 2.5 miles WSW of Notsuka Saki. Ofuyu Misaki (Ohuyu Misaki) (4343'N., 14120'E.) is a cliffy headland, 90m high. Ofuyu Misaki Light is shown from a hill, 235m high, about 0.3 mile E, and is conspicuous day or night; the light structure is difficult to distinguish when snow accumulates. A waterfall on the N side of the headland is conspicuous when viewed from the W. Ofuyu Yama, 1,119m high, about 2.5 miles ENE of Ofuyu Misaki, is conspicuous from a distance, and Shokambetsu Dake (Syokambetu Take), 1,491m high, about 5.3 miles farther ESE, is the highest1.12

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Ishikari Bay New Port 1.14 Ishikari Bay New Port (4313'N., 14117'E.), an artificial harbor on reclaimed land about 4.5 miles SW of the mouth of Ishikari Kawa, is a principal port. It was built to support the Sapporo area and Hokkaido as a whole. DepthsLimitations.The entrance channel, marked by buoys, is dredged to 10m, and has a draft limitation of 9m. East Wharf has three berths, one with a length of 185m and 10m depth alongside, and the other two with a total length of 260m and depths of 7.5m alongside. There is a dredged channel leading SSW from the entrance to West Wharf. West Wharf has one berth, with a length of 280m and a depth of 14m alongside. Central Wharf has six berths, with a total length of 865m and depths of 7.5m alongside. This is a private wharf used for oil and gas. A dolphin berth, with charted depths of 13.2 to 13.8m alongside, is situated at the LNG terminal on Central Wharf. Bannaguro Wharf, situated 0.2 mile SW from East Wharf, has five berths, two with a total length of 370m and a 10m depth alongside. The other three have a total length of 390m and a 7.5m depth alongside. There are plans for three more berths at this wharf, with a total length of 510m and a depth of 10m alongside. Tarukawa Wharf has five berths, two with a total length of 370m and a 10m depth alongside. The other three berths have a total length of 390m and depths of 7.5m alongside. There are plans for two more berths with a total length of 200m and a 5.5m depth alongside. Aspect.Range lights bearing 167.75 lead to Bannaguro Wharf and Tarukawa Wharf. The harbor is protected by artificial breakwaters. The E breakwater extends 0.5 mile NW from the shore, about 4.25 miles SW of the entrance to Ishikari Kawa. A detached breakwater extends 0.75 mile WNW close off the head of the E breakwater. The N breakwater, also detached, extends 2 miles SW from a position 0.3 mile NNW of the W end of the detached breakwater. A light is shown from each end of the N breakwater. Another light is shown from the W head of the detached breakwater. The harbor is the focal point for the distribution of commodities in the central region of Hokkaido. A light has been established 5.5 miles NE from the mouth of Ishikari Kawa. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory, but is recommended for arrival. Pilots are available at the Otaru quarantine anchorage during daylight hours only.1.14 1.14 1.14

1.14

1.14

1.14

Ishikari Wan1.15 Ishikari Wan (Isikari Wan), a large bay, is entered between Ofuyu Misaki (4343'N., 14120'E.) and Shakotan Misaki, about 43 miles WSW. The E side of the bay is backed by mountains, and the S side of the bay is backed by the volcanic plateau of Shakotan Hanto (Syakotan Hanto). Therefore, there are no significant coastal plains on the E and S sides of the bay, which are almost entirely bordered by sea-eroded cliffs.At the head of the bay is a low sandy beach, behind which is the Ishikari Plain, where Ishikari Gawa flows into the sea. At the head of the bay, depths of less than 20.1m extend from 2 to 3.5 miles offshore. The E and S sides of the bay are

1.14

1.14

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Ishikari Bay New PortEast Wharf

Ishikari Bay New PortCentral Wharf

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Ishikari Bay New PortTarukawa Wharf and Bannaguro Wharf relatively steep-to, with depths of less than 20.1m no more than 1 mile offshore. There are no detached islands or dangerous reefs farther offshore.1.15

The important port of Otaru Ko is situated on the S side of the bay.

Shakotan Misaki to Benkei Misaki

1.16 Kamui Misaki (Kamoi Misaki) (4320'N., 14021'E.), the NW extremity of Shakotan Hanto, lies about 5.5 miles WSW of Shakotan Misaki; it is a narrow gray treeless point, 83m high, and strewn with boulders. A light is shown from the point from a round tower, 11m high. A rocky ridge extends about 0.6 mile NW of Kamui Misaki. Several pointed rocks lie on this ridge, and extend about 0.4 mile NW of the point. Kamui Iwa, 41m high, the middle rock, is easily recognized by its sharply pointed top. Menoka Iwa, 9.2m high, the outermost rock, is low and flat. A sunken rock, at the outer edge of the ridge, lies about 0.2 mile NW of Menoka Iwa. Yobetsu Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies about 1.5 miles E of Kamui Misaki. Yobetsu Take (Yobetu Take), 1,299m high, about 6.5 miles SE of Kamui Misaki, and Shakotan Dake (Syakotan Take), 1,260m high, about 1 mile NE of Yobetsu Take, are the two highest mountains of Shakotan Hanto. A rocky bank, with a least depth of 96m about 8 miles NW of Kamui Misaki, might prove useful in determining a vessels position in dense fogs or blizzards; that part of this bank with depths of less than 120m is 1 mile wide. The coast between Kamui Misaki and Kawashiri Misaki, about 7 miles S, consists of sandy beaches backed by hills rising so steeply as to give the appearance of cliffs. It is compara1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16 1.16

Ishikari Light1.15

Landmarks visible from outside the bay are Ofuyu Yama (previously described in paragraph 1.12), on the E side of the bay, and, on the S side of the bay, Shakotan Dake (Syakotan Take), 1,255m high, about 6 miles S of Shakotan Misaki, and Yobetsu Dake, 1,299m high, about 1 mile farther SW.

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15

rock, 38m high, lies at the NW extremity of the peninsula. Yoichi Wan is entered between the above peninsula and Shiriba Saki (4313'N., 14047'E.), about 3.5 miles to the W. Shiriba Saki rises to a thickly-wooded and pointed summit, 296m high; it is faced by a steep cliff, and slopes gently on its landward side. Daikoku Yama, 725m high, the W of twin thickly-wooded peaks, lies about 7 miles S of Shiriba Saki; the land slopes gently from these peaks to the head of Yoichi Wan. Tengu Yama, 876m high, about 5.5 miles WSW of Shiribi Saki, is the highest mountain in the vicinity. Yoichi Wan has depths of 29m in the middle of its entrance, and shoals gradually to the head of the bay. The bottom is sand and free of obstructions. The bay is not suitable for anchorage with winds from the NW through N to E, when swells penetrate the bay. Yoichi Ko, a fishing harbor, lies on the W side of the bay. Anchorage can be taken, in about 14m, about 0.3 mile SE of the head of the N breakwater at Yoichi Ko; the bottom is sand, good holding ground, and the anchorage was reported satisfactory even in winter in strong Northwest Monsoon winds. Shakotan Misaki (Syakotan Misaki) (4322'N., 14028'E.) is faced by a cliff, 120m high. A light is shown at an elevation of 143m on De Misaki.1.17 1.17 1.17

Kamui Misaki Light tively steep-to, with no off-lying dangers, but there are rocks within 0.4 mile of the coast. A large bay is formed between Kawashiri Misaki and Benkei Misaki, about 24 miles SSW. Iwanai Ko lies at the head of the bay; Suttsu Wan, a smaller bay, lies on the S side of the bay. The coast between Kawashira Misaki and the mouth of Horikappu Gawa, at the head of the bay, forms the SW side of Shakotan Hanto. The coast is cliffy for about 4 miles SE of Kawashira Misaki, then the terrain lowers gradually and becomes a series of pebbly beaches. The vicinity of Iwanai Ko, at the head of the bay, consists of low, sandy beaches, backed by low, flat country. Kamuenai Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies about 6.5 miles SE of Kawashira Misaki. Kabuto Misaki, a headland about 3.5 miles farther SE, is conspicuous from the NW. Tomari Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies about 1.5 miles SE of Kabuto Misaki.1.16 1.16

Takashima Misaki to Shakotan Misaki

1.17 The coast between Takashima Misaki (4314'N., 14101'E.) and Shakotan Misaki, about 26 miles WNW, consists of precipitous cliffs, some over 150m high, rising from the sea. The shoreline is irregular and deeply indented by many bays and inlets, alternating with cliffy headlands. The heads of the bays are generally shallow, but the coast in general is steepto, with deep water close offshore. There are no detached dangers, with depths of less than 10.1m, lying over 0.5 mile offshore. Madoiwa Hana, about 4 miles W of Takashima Misaki, rises to an elevation of 182m; its seaward side is a precipitous cliff with a window-like cave in its lower part. Maru Yama, 629m high, has a sharp grass-covered peak and is easily identified about 2.8 miles farther S. A peninsula, about 3 miles W of Madoiwa Hana, has a hill, 88m high, covered with trees and grass on its E side. A helmet-shaped1.17 1.17

Shakotan Misaki Light Maruyama Misaki (4317'N., 14039'E.), about 7 miles WNW of Shiriba Saki, has a steep black cliff on its N side and rises to a pointed summit, 195m high, covered with trees. The headland is fringed with rocks; the outermost rock, with a depth of 2.7m, lies about 0.2 mile N of the headland. Furubira Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies SW of the headland. Three fish havens lie within 1.5 miles of the coast between Furubira Wan and Yochi Wan. Atsutoma Misaki, a black headland, 84m high, lies about 1 mile NW of Maruyama Misaki; a rock, 3.1m high, lies about 0.2 mile N of the headland. Bikuni Wan lies between Atsutoma Misaki and Kogane Misaki, about 1.3 miles farther WNW. Takara-jima, an island1.17 1.17 1.17

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104m high, lies about 0.2 mile N of Kogane Misaki. Makka Misaki (Makkano Misaki), a cliffy headland, 166m high and covered with grass, lies about 4.8 miles NW of Kogane Misaki; two pinnacle rocks, 105m and 80m high, respectively, close off the headland, are conspicuous from the SE or NW. De Misaki, the N extremity of Shakotan Hanto (Syakotan Hanto), lies about 2.3 miles WNW of Makka Misaki; Shakotan Misaki lies about 1 mile farther WSW.1.17 1.17

WindsWeatherAt Otaru, SW to W winds predominate for most of the year, though in June, E winds slightly exceed those from the SW, and in July E winds roughly equal those from SW. Snowstorms may delay cargo operations during the winter. From November to March the sea is usually rough, but from April to October, it is generally calm. When strong N winds persist for 4 or 5 hours, swells tend to penetrate into the harbor. Sea fog forms in the vicinity of Otaru Ko from early April to late August. The peak season is June and July. Fogs usually start to form about 1400, reach maximum density from 1600 to 1700, and dissipate by 1900. The incidence of fog is low, and the moisture content is barely enough to dampen ones clothes. In winter, Otaru is sometimes covered with haze.1.18 1.18 1.18

Otaru Ko (4312'N., 14101'E.)

World Port Index No. 61230 1.18 Otaru Ko is entered between Kayashiba Misaki, about 1 mile S of Takashima Misaki (4314'N., 14101'E.), and Haraiso Misaki, about 2.8 miles farther SSE. The harbor is formed by a N breakwater and a S breakwater, with a detached breakwater at the N end of the S breakwater. A small detached breakwater extends about 0.2 mile seaward of the S end of the N breakwater. A short detached breakwater extend from the N end of the S breakwater. Lights are shown marking the harbor entrance. The harbor is surrounded by hills on its N, W, and S sides, and is well-sheltered. The city of Otaru, W of the harbor, has many hilly streets due to the mountainous terrain close to the shore. Benten Shi-

DepthsLimitations1.18

1.18

Outside the breakwaters, the depths are generally over 14.9m. The fairway into the harbor has least depths of about 11.9m. The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Otaru KoBerthing Facilities.

A central wharf W of Shimazutsumi Light

AspectTakashima Misaki (4314'N., 14101'E.) rises to Hiyori Yama, a hill 44m high, from which a light is shown. A white building, on the E slope of a hill, is conspicuous nearly 0.5 mile W of the light structure; the building, which is illuminated by mercury lights at night (usually until midnight), and being higher and brighter than Hiyori Yama Light, should not be mistaken for the light. Todo Iwa, a black rock, 22m high, lies about 0.4 mile NW of Takashima Misaki.

ing from the N, as the headland is silhouetted against the city lights in the background. Haraiso Misaki, at the S end of the port, has a cliff at its outer end, which is easy to identify even in poor visibility; a building on the headland is conspicuous day or night. Teine Yama, 1,024m high, with a TV relay station near its summit, lies about 9.5 miles SE of Haraiso Misaki. The mercury lights of the station are visible from off Shakotan Misaki, distant 40 miles. Six TV relay towers are conspicuous. Another tower is reported conspicuous 2.5 miles W of the summit.1.18 1.18

Tengu Yama, 533m high, and Maru Yama, 629m high, lie about 3 miles WSW and 5 miles W, respectively, of Haraiso Misaki, and are excellent landmarks when approaching Otaru Ko. The Combined Port Affairs Office Building, an eight-story building with radio masts on the roof, is situated on the W side of the area between Wharf No. 2 and Wharf No. 3, about 1 mile W of harbor entrance. Ishi Yama, 145m high, with a cliffy, pointed summit and a round glass-walled building, is conspicuous about 0.8 mile farther WNW. Fish traps may be laid within 1 mile of the shore from August to November. A fish haven lies 5 miles WNW of Ishikari Ko.1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18

Hiyori Yama Light

1.18

Pilotage1.18

1.18

Akaiwa Yama, a hill, 371m high, with a conspicuous cliff on its seaward side, lies about 1.5 miles WSW of Takashima Misaki. Kayashiba Misaki is a useful landmark for vessels approach-

Pilotage is not compulsory, but pilots are available and usually board about 1 mile NE of the harbor entrance. In rough weather, pilots board and disembark near the harbor entrance. The harbormaster can be contacted by telegraph or VHF radio (call sign: Otaru-ho-an) on VHF channels 16 and 12.

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over West Breakwater and combine with the seas entering from the N. Small vessels may then seek shelter in Suttsu Wan. Caution.It is reported that a dangerous obstruction exist approximately 940m W of West Breakwater Light. The inner port is heavily congested with fishing vessels in the fishing season (June to August).1.19

Anchorage1.18

1.18

Anchorage is available within the breakwaters, in 9.1 to 12.8m; the holding ground is generally poor. The bottom in the N part of the harbor is sand and mud, while in the S part of the harbor the bottom is often bare bedrock. A dangerous cargo anchorage lies W of the S part of the detached breakwater. A quarantine anchorage is established 1 mile SSE of Kayashiba Misaki, as indicated on the chart.

Caution1.18

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At night, the lights at the heads of the breakwaters are not easily distinguished due to the city lights in the background. Vessels should not approach the coast within 0.75 mile between Takashima Misaki and Kayashiba Misaki from March to November, due to the possible presence of fish traps, marked by towers, 3.1m high, and red lights.

Iwanai Ko1.19 Iwanai Ko (4259'N., 14031'E.) is a fishing harbor and small port at the head of the bay. The harbor is sheltered by West Breakwater extending N from Iwanai, and East Breakwater extending W from the mainland. A detached breakwater extends 0.2 mile NNE from a position 183m WNW of West Breakwater Light. A light is shown at both ends. Both detached breakwaters are being extended. An inner port for fishing vessels and sheltered by breakwaters, occupies the S part of the harbor. Central Wharf, extending NW, occupies the SE part of the harbor. A boat basin, NE of Central Wharf and sheltered by a breakwater, occupies the E side of the harbor. WindsWeather.Winds from the W and WNW predominate from November through February, and SSE winds predominate from March through October. Fog occurs about 2 days per month in June and July. Snow falls about 26 days per month in December and February, 30 days in January, and 22 days in March. TidesCurrents.Weak tidal currents set SW on the flood and NE on the ebb. DepthsLimitations.The NW section of the W side of Central Wharf has depths of 4 to 7.5m and a length of 240m. Fisheries Wharf, situated 183m SW of Central Wharf, has a length of 275m, with an alongside depth of 3 to 5m on its N side. East Wharf is 328m long, with 8m alongside. Aspect.Iwanai Take (Poronupuri Yama), 1,086m high, lies about 3.5 miles S of Iwanai Ko. Shiribeshi Yama, 1,893m high, lies about 16 miles SE of Iwanai Ko. Both are conspicuous in the approach. A white oil tank is conspicuous at the root of Central Wharf. Anchorage.Open anchorage can be taken, in 11.9m, about 0.4 mile NNE of the head of W breakwater; care should be taken to avoid obstructing the fairway into the harbor. Small vessels can anchor in the outer harbor with the head of W breakwater bearing 340, distant about 0.2 mile. The bottom inside the harbor is sand, with relatively good holding ground. The bottom in the harbor approach is fouled. There is a risk of dragging with strong W winds. Anchorage within the breakwater becomes impossible with strong Northwest Monsoon winds, which cause waves to pass1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19

1.20 Raiden Misaki (4255'N., 14024'E.), about 7 miles SW of Iwanai Ko, is a headland flanked by a black cliff connecting it to another headland about 2.5 miles NE; steep cliffs between the headlands are conspicuous from seaward. Several buildings of a hot springs resort are conspicuous day or night, E of Raiden Misaki.The mouth of Shiribetsu Gawa, about 3 miles SSW of Raiden Misaki, is bordered by low, sandy beaches. A reef, with a depth of 1.5m, lies about 0.5 mile NW of the river mouth. A light is shown on the coast about 2 miles farther SSW; it illuminates a white beacon about 0.3 mile W of it. Biyano Misaki (Biyano Saki) lies about 2 miles farther SSW. Suttsu Wan is entered between Biyano Misaki and Benkei Misaki, about 5.3 miles W. Benkei Misaki (4249'N., 14012'E.), a low black rocky point, rises to a thickly-wooded summit and is marked at its N end by a light. Horozuki Yama, 504m high, lies about 3 miles SSE of the point. A drying reef extends about 0.2 mile N from the W side of the point. Suttsu Wan (Suttu Wan) (Sutsu Wan), open N, has shores lined with fishing villages, except along the sandy beach at its head. Shubuto Gawa (Shuputo Kawa) enters the SW corner of the bay, near the W end of the beach. Daimaru Iso, a dangerous reef about 2 miles SE of Benkei Misaki, is marked by a light.1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20

1.21 Suttsu Ko (Sutsu) (4247'N., 14014'E.), a small fishing harbor, lies about 1 mile farther SSE; the port is congested with fishing boats during the fishing season (June to September). The outer harbor is protected by the N breakwater which extends about 400m in a generally ESE direction from the N side of the harbor; a light is shown near the head of this breakwater. The harbor entrance, which faces E, lies between the head of the N breakwater and a detached breakwater extending NNE from near the rocky side of Iwa Saki. A light is shown from the detached breakwater. WindWeather.Winter winds generally are out of the W or NW, with S winds prevailing during the remainder of the year. A local wind, the Dashi, blows out of the S from the valley of Shubuto Gawa. Average maximum velocities range from 25 to 32 knots, with gusts up to 38 knots. The Dashi is particularly strong during May and June; it blows more during the night than the day, and is strongest at 0600 and 2200. The effects of this local wind are felt in the anchorage and up to 4 or 5 miles offshore. Its impact is greater on the W shore of Suttsu Wan than on the E shore, and it is not felt W of Benkei Misaki. Fogs are infrequent in this vicinity. Anchorage.Fair anchorage can be taken, in 18.3m, about 1 mile N of the mouth of Shubuto Gawa. Caution.Fish traps extend 1 mile W of Biyano Misaki from April to December. Fish traps extend about 1.4 miles NE of Suttsu Ko, and up to 1 mile offshore in the inner part of the bay from June to December. Mariculture farms for seaweed1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21

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and scallops are situated in the S part of the bay. Red flags and lights mark the scallop farms E of Suttsu Ko.

19

Benkei Misaki Light

Benkei Misaki to Hogoshi Misaki

1.22 The coast between Benkei Misaki and Shiraito Misaki, about 17 miles SW, is mostly sandy beach, backed by high land. Then to Motsuta Misaki, about 3.5 miles farther SE, the coast consists of precipitous cliffs. Honme Misaki, a low point marked by a light, lies about 6 miles SW of Benkei Misaki. Kimaki Misaki, about 9 miles farther WSW, is also marked by a light. Shiraito Misaki (4240'N., 13952'E.) is faced by a black cliff, 46m high, and is thickly wooded above the cliff. A waterfall drops from the top of the cliff, E of the headland. The headland is difficult to identify from a distance. Motsuta Misaki, a headland with a steep red cliff, is conspicuous from a distance. Its summit is a plateau, 200 to 300m high. A light is shown on its N side. Kariba Yama, a wooded mountain, 1,515m high, lies about 5 miles E of the headland. Kasube Take, a pyramid-shaped mountain, 1,049m high, about 8 miles SE of Motsuta Misaki, is conspicuous from the SW. Setana (Setanai), surmounted by a 95m hill, lies about 10 miles S of Motsuta Misaki. Rosuka Iwa, 28m high and connected to the mainland by a causeway, is the largest of numerous rocks on the coastal bank abreast the town. Three vertical rocks, the N and highest being 39m high, lie close NE of Rosuka Iwa.1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22

Honme Misaki Light

1.23 Setana Ko (Setanai Ko) (4227.5'N., 13950.5'E.), a small harbor between Rosuka Iwa and the mainland, is sheltered N by the causeway and entered S between breakwaters. Detached breakwaters lie 0.2 mile SW of the harbor entrance. The detached breakwaters have been extended. Pub. 159

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Kimaki Misaki Light

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1.23

A reef, with a depth of less than 1m, lies about 1.3 miles SSW of Setana Ko, and about 0.5 mile offshore; it is the outermost reef in the vicinity. A stretch of sandy beach, backed by low land, lies S of Setana Ko. Midare Misaki (Mitare Misaki), marked by a light, lies about 6.5 miles SSE of Setana Ko. Obana Misaki, about 3 miles farther S, is a steep-to red cliffy headland; it is very conspicuous from the SW. Matsukura Yama, 805m high, about 2 miles E of Obana Misaki, is densely wooded, with a sharp peak; its summit is deep green in summer. Kenashi Yama, 816m high and round-topped, lies about 2 miles S of Matsukura Yama; its summit is light green in summer. Hogoshi Misaki (Hokoshi Saki) (4216'N., 13947'E.), about 2.5 miles S of Obana Misaki, is a low headland rising to a cone-shaped hill, 318m high; it is steep-to and a good landmark from the N or S. Hogoshi Misaki is also known as Ota Misaki. Ota Yama, 483m high, about 1 mile NE of Hogoshi Misaki, has a red cliff near its summit that is very conspicuous from the SW.

Midare Misaki Light above-water rocks, extends about 0.4 mile N of the point. Anchorage, sheltered from S winds, can be taken on the W side of Inaho Misaki, in a depth of about 17.1m, with the light structure bearing 068, distant about 1 mile. Okushiri Ko (4211'N., 13931'E.), a small port, lies about 5 miles SSE of Inaho Misaki. This small harbor is enclosed by South Breakwater, which extends 150m E from the shore at the S end of the harbor, and by East Breakwater, which extends 800m NNE from the outer end of South Breakwater. A detached breakwater lies with its S extremity close SE of the head of East Breakwater and extends about 0.2 mile NE. A light is shown from this breakwater. A light is shown about 0.5 mile SE of Okishiri Ko, close off Akaishi Misaki. Aonae Misaki (4203'N., 13927'E.), the S extremity of Okushiri To, is a low spit with a monument, 17m high, at its extremity. A light is shown from the point. A reef, with a depth of 3.6m at its outer end, extends about 1 mile S of the point. Murotsu Shima (Murotu Shima), about 2.3 miles S of Aonae Misaki, is a group of large, black rocks, lying on a drying ridge. Moriiso Shima, 7.9m high, adjoins the largest rock, 6.3m high, close E, on which there are over a dozen houses. A light is shown from the latter rock. A rock, 0.8m high, and a rock, with a depth of 3.6m, lie nearly 1 mile ENE and about 0.3 mile W, respectively, of Moriiso Shima. The passage between Murotsu Shima and the reef extending S of Aonai Misaki is about 0.8 mile wide with depths of about 14.9m, but it should not be attempted by large vessels.1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24 1.24

1.23

Okushiri To1.24 Okushiri To (Okushiri Shima) (Okusiri To) attains an elevation of 584m at Kamui San (Kamui Yama) (4209'N., 13927'E.), slightly W of the center of the island. Depths over 20m lie within 0.5 mile of the island, except for the shoal area at the S end of the island. Inaho Misaki (4215'N., 13934'E.), the N end of the island, lies about 10 miles W of Hogoshi Misaki and is marked by a light from which a ramark transmits. It rises to a round hill, 71m high, conspicuous from the NW or SE, about 137m S of the light structure. A rock, 22m high, lies about 0.1 mile N of the light structure. A steep-to reef, on which there are several1.24

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Aonae Wan, a sandy bay, is entered between Aonae Misaki, and a point about 1.8 miles NE. Aonae Ko, a fishing harbor, lies on the W shore of the bay. It is enclosed by two breakwaters. Anchorage.Aonae Wan affords the best anchorage on Okushiri To in winds from the W to N. However, a heavy swell enters the bay with winds from the NE to SW, making anchorage impossible. Good anchorage can be taken, in 15m, sand, with the S extremity of the N breakwater at Aonae Ko bearing 255, distant about 0.5 mile. The holding ground is fair. Kuki Misaki (Gunrai Misaki), about 2 miles NW of Aonae Misaki, is bordered by numerous rocks; Todo Shima, 8.1m high, is a steep-to detached rock, about 0.7 mile W of Kuki Misaki. Two rocks, each about 1.4m high, lie about 1 mile farther N and about 0.4 mile offshore. Mui Shima, about 2.5 miles N of Kuki Misaki, is a conical islet, 65m high, with a smaller islet close N; it is conspicuous from the N or S. Kamuiwaki Ko, a small fishing port, lies about 3.5 miles N of Mui Shima. A reef, with a rock, 4.2m high at its outer end, extends nearly 0.5 mile NNW of Isoya Misaki, the NW extremity of Okushiri To.

21

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1.24

1.27 Pommoshiri Misaki (Ponmoshiri Saki) (4208'N., 13955'E.), a low dark rocky headland marked by a light, is very conspicuous nearly 7.5 miles SE of Kouta Misaki, and is the SE entrance point of Okushiri Kaikyo. A white tower, 504m high, is very conspicuous atop Anama Yama, about 2 miles N of Pommoshiri Misaki. A radio tower, 115m high, is conspicuous nearly 0.5 mile NE of the same point. Reefs and rocks extend about 0.3 mile offshore in the vicinity of the point.

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Okushiri Kaikyo1.25 Okushiri Kaikyo (Okusiri Kaikyo), the deep strait between Okushiri To and the W coast of Hokkaido, is the usual route for passing up or down the coast. It is about 9.5 miles wide at its narrow end between Inaho Misaki and Hogoshi Misaki. Both sides of the strait are steep-to with no detached dangers beyond 1 mile offshore, except for the reefs extending S of Anoae Misaki. Currents are erratic in the N part of Okushiri Kaikyo. During the summer, the N current has velocities of 0.5 to 1.5 knots, and the S current has velocities of 0.3 to 0.5 knot.1.25

Pommoshiri Misaki Light Kumaishi Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies about 2.5 miles E of Pommoshiri Misaki. It consists of a camber with depths of 3 to 4m, within two breakwaters, each marked by a light. A light is also shown from a round tower, 6m high. Between Kumaishi Ko and Ponmoshiri Misaki, numerous houses stand on the coast.

1.27

Hogoshi Misaki to Shirikami Saki

1.26 The coast between Hogoshi Misaki (4216'N., 13947'E.) and Shirikami Misaki, about 55 miles SSE, consists mainly of sand or gravel beaches interspersed with stretches of low cliffs. The land inland consists of relatively high terrain, with very little flat country. This coast, bordered by many rocks and reefs, is relatively steep-to with depths of over 20m from 0.5 to 1 mile offshore, except in the vicinity of Esashi Ko. Kouta Misaki, a low headland marked by a light, lies about 3 miles SE of Hogoshi Misaki. Kuda Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies about 1 mile farther E. A submarine cable from Aonai Ko is landed in the vicinity of Kouta Misaki. Usubetsu Take, 1,236m high, and Yurabu Take (Yurappu Take), 1,276m high, are very conspicuous about 8.5 miles E of Kouto Misaki. Kudo Wan is entered between Kouta Misaki and Yoriki Misaki, about 3.5 miles SE. Anchorage, sheltered from N and E winds, can be taken by large vessels, in 12.8 to 18.3m, sand, off the beach at the head of the bay. It is not safe with W winds. Care should be taken to avoid the submarine cable extending from the NW end of the beach to Kouta Misaki at Okushiri To.1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26

Otobe Ko (4158'N., 14008'E.), a small fishing harbor, lies about 13.5 miles SE of Pommishori Misaki. It is close N of Otobe Hana, a headland with a white cliff. Another headland, Tateno Misaki, about 1.3 miles N of Otobe Hana, has a white cliff, 60 to 100m high, on its N side; it is very conspicuous and visible 15 miles from seaward, even when the surroundings are snow-covered. Two television towers, with elevations of 175m and marked by red lights, stand on a 157m hill about 1 mile SE of Otobe Ko. They are visible 7 miles offshore by day and 25 miles offshore at night.1.27

1.28 Esasi Ko (Esashi Ko) (4152'N., 14007'E.) (World Port Index No. 61205), fronted by Kamome Shima, consists of two parts connected by a low neck of land and appears as two islands from W. The N part of the island is 26.8m high. The island is connected to the mainland E by a breakwater, with South Wharf on its N side. Esasi Ko is formed by the W breakwater extending ENE from the N end of Kamome Shima, and a breakwater extending W from the mainland. A boat harbor lies on the S side of the harbor, E of South Wharf. North Wharf, extending NNW, lies on the E side of the breakwater which forms the E side of the harbor. West Outer Breakwater extends 60m N from a position 60m N of West Breakwater Light; a light is shown from its head.1.28 1.28

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stands about 0.2 mile NE of the headland, and another radio tower, 130m high and marked by red lights, stands about 0.3 mile farther NE. Mitsu Ishi, three rocks, 0.8m high, lie about 0.5 mile offshore, midway between Yoshiga-jima and Orido Saki.

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DepthsLimitations.North Wharf has alongside depths of 4.7 to 5.1m; North Quay has alongside depths of 3.6 to 5.4m. Central Wharf has alongside depths of 4.7 to 5.2m on its E side and 3.1 to 4.8m on its W side. South Wharf has alongside depths of 1.4 to 4m. Awabisori, with a depth of 2.4m, lies about 0.7 mile NE of the harbor entrance and about 0.2 mile offshore. Aspect.Kamome Shima Light is shown from the N part of the island. A shrine, with a red roof, lies about 0.1 mile farther NNE. Moto Yama, a mountain 522m high, light green, and with a bare summit, is very conspicuous about 3.5 miles E of Esasi Ko. Anchorage.Good anchorage can be taken, in 14.9 to 15.8m, fine sand, about 0.2 mile NW of the head of W breakwater. Strong winds from the SSW through W to N, set up a heavy sea in the anchorage. Fair anchorage, sheltered from the N and E, can be obtained S of Kuzure Hana, the SW extremity of Kamome Shima, in depths of about 14m, having regard to a fish haven which lies 1 mile SSW of Kuzure Hana. Another fish haven lies 1 mile W of Kamome Shima. Caution.A wreck is reported to lie 2 miles WNW of Esashi Ko West Breakwater Light. 1.29 Sunego Misaki (Suneko Misaki) (O Saki) (4148'N., 14005'E.), about 4.5 miles SSW of Kamome Shima, is a very conspicuous dark rocky headland, 33m high, and covered with grass. Io Yama, 159m high, about 1.3 miles E of Sunego Misaki, appears as a sharp peak from the N. Anchorage.Temporary anchorage can be taken off Kaminokuni, a small village about 1.5 miles E of Sunego Misaki. It is comparatively safe in all winds except those from the W and N; with SW winds, strong squalls sometimes blow down from the hills. The recommended anchorage, in 12.3 to 14.6m, sand, lies about 0.5 mile NE of Omana Hana, a point about 1.3 miles ENE of Sunego Misaki. The coast between Sunego Misaki and the mouth of Ishizaki Kawa, about 6 miles SSW, consists of sandy beach, then to Eramachi, about 10 miles farther S, it is cliffy coast. Between Eramachi and Shirikami Saki, about 13 miles SE, the coast is mainly gravel beach. The terrain inland is mountainous. Rocks and reefs extend 0.5 mile offshore along this coast, then the water deepens abruptly. Sankaku Yama, 652m high, with a pointed top, lies about 2.5 miles ENE of the river mouth, and is a good landmark from the NW. Hatsukami Yama, a twin-peaked mountain, 567m high, lies about 1.8 miles S of the river mouth; it is hard to distinguish from the background, but is a good landmark for coasting vessels. Hikatatomari Misaki (Higatatomari Misaki), a cliffy headland, 35m high and marked by a light, lies about 3.5 miles SSE of Ishizaki Kawa; detached rocks lie close off the headland. Sasa Yama, 583m high, with a bare round summit, appears isolated and is fairly conspicuous about 7.5 miles SSE of Hikatatomari Misaki. Yoshiga-jima (Yoshi Shima), about 12.5 miles S of Hikatatomari Misaki, is a rock, 6.1m high, and almost joined to the coast by reefs; a light is shown from its summit. Yoshiga-jima fronts Tatehama Ko, a small fishing harbor. Orido Saki, about 2.3 miles SE of Yoshiga-jima, rises to a conspicuous rock, 42m high, about 0.3 mile NE. A radio tower

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1.30 Benten Shima (4125'N., 14006'E.), about 0.8 mile WNW of Orido Saki, is a small island, 18.9m high, connected to the mainland. Matsumae Light is shown from the island. Two radio masts are conspicuous about 0.3 mile N of the light structure. Reefs and foul ground extend about 0.3 mile S of Benten Shima, and it should be given a wide berth. Benten Shima and the surrounding rocks are reported difficult to detect on radar except when the sea is calm. A light is shown on the coast, 3.8 miles ESE of Benten Shima. Matsumae Wan (Fukuyama Wan) indents the coast between Benten Shima and Shirikami Saki, about 5 miles ESE. The depths in the bay are irregular, and reefs and shoals extend up to 0.3 mile from the shores of the bay. Matsumae Ko, a small port, lies on the W side of Matsumae Wan, close N of Benten Shima. The town of Matsumae has many temples and shrines, with Hokkeji, the most conspicuous temple, about 1.3 miles ENE of Benten Shima; Matsumae Castle, with a tower, 45m high, lies about 0.2 mile WNW of Hokkeji. A small detached breakwater lies on a NW-SE axis in the harbor entrance, 100m NW of the breakwater projecting from Benten Shima. A light is shown from its SE end. Anchorage.Large vessels can obtain good anchorage, sheltered from NW to NE winds, in about 22m, with Hokkeji bearing 014, and with Matsumae Light bearing 267, distant 1 mile. The bottom consists of a layer of sand and shells over rock, and there is danger of dragging in heavy seas. Anchorage can also be taken, in about 27m, sand and shells, with Matsumae Light bearing 277, distant about 0.5 mile. Tidal currents are variable; in the anchorages there appears to be a strong SW current. Caution.A wave meter is laid on the sea bed 0.5 mile SE of Benten Shima, and is connected with the shore NW by a submarine cable.1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30

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1.31 Ko Shima (Ko-Jima) (4122'N., 13949'E.), a volcanic island, lies about 13 miles SW of Benten Shima, and is commonly known as Matsumae-Ko Shima. It has three peaks of almost identical height on the W, N, and E sides of a crater in the middle of the island; the W peak, 306m high, is slightly higher than the others. The coasts of the island are precipitous and the only landing place is a gravel beach at the NE end of the island. Depths of over 20m lie 0.5 mile offshore. A cylindrical rock, 152m high, lies about 0.4 mile WNW of the W end of the island. Two above-water rocks, 46m and 34m high, respectively, lie between the rock and the island. Ko Shima Light is shown from a white tower, 24m high. The light is shown from the NE end of the island. It is obscured from the W and S of the island. O Shima (4131'N., 13922'E.), a volcanic island, lies about 21 miles WNW of Ko Shima, and is commonly known as Matsumae Oshima. It has two peaks, about 0.5 mile apart on an EW axis, rising from the center of the island. The E peak is 755m high and cone-shaped. The W peak is 708m high and has a crater fringed with brown lava and rocky outcrops; in sum1.31 1.31

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mer, small amounts of white smoke may be emitted from the crater. The island is steep-to, with depths of over 200m close off the N shore, and with depths of 200m lying 0.5 to 1 mile offshore elsewhere. The island is uninhabited, but sometimes visited by fisherman who land, in calm weather only, at places on the E, S, and W sides.1.31 1.31

23

Tsugaru Kaikyo1.32 Tsugaru Kaikyo is the deep strait separating Hokkaido from Honshu, and joining the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan. The strait is considered a junction point in Pub. 151, Distances Between Ports. It is entered from the E between Shiriya Saki (4126'N., 14128'E.) and Esan Saki, about 26 miles NW, and from the W between Tappi Saki (4115'N., 14021'E.) and Shirakami Saki, about 10 miles NW. The strait is roughly about 50 miles long, and has a least width of about 10 miles at its W end, and between Oma Saki and Shiokubi Saki. The only ports which can be used by large vessels are Hakodate Ko, on the N side of Tsugaru Kaikyo, and Aomori Ko and Ominato Ko, both of which are situated in Mutsu Wan, on the S side of the straits. The N side of the strait is generally deep inshore, with no dangers beyond 1 mile offshore, except where there are bays or indentations. The S side is similar, but there are reefs in the vicinities of Shiriya Saki and Oma Saki. WindsWeather.Sea fog in Tsugaru Kaikyo is rare from November through February, occasional between late spring and summer, and most frequent in June and July. In July and August, heavy fog may completely cover the entire strait, but is generally localized. Fog occurrence is more frequent towards the E rather than the W end, and along the N side rather than the S side of the strait. Sea fogs usually form at sunrise and last 1 to 3 hours. Incisive fogs are often long-lasting; the longest ones occur mostly in July and occasionally last for several days, even during rainy days. TidesCurrents.The diurnal inequality of the tides in Tsugaru Kaikyo are fairly marked. There is rarely only one tide per day. Along the N side of the strait the inequalities of period and range are roughly equal at both HW and LW. Higher HW is directly followed by LLW, and HHW usually occurs in the morning in the spring and summer, and in the afternoon in the fall and winter. The MHW interval is 4 to 4.5 hours, and the spring rise ranges from about 0.6m in the W part to 1.3m in the E part. A major branch of the Tsushima Current, which flows N along the W coast of Honshu, flows in a NE and E direction through Tsugaru Kaikyo. There are fairly strong tidal currents in Tsugaru Kaikyo as the tides in the Sea of Japan and the Pacific Ocean are different. The current in the strait is a combination of the ocean and tidal currents. However, since the ocean current is normally stronger than the tidal current, the general set of the ocean current governs, and the flow is always E. The effect of the tides merely increases or decreases the velocity of the ocean current. The mainstream of the ocean current flows through the center of the strait, creating countercurrents along the shores.1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32

The width of the mainstream varies somewhat with the strength of the current. The net current flow in the strait, since the E ocean current is stronger overall than the tidal currents, it is always E at velocities which may exceed 6 knots. The resultant E flow has one maximum and one minimum each day, except when the moons declination is low there are two maximums and two minimums. On rare occasions a reversal flow to the W may occur for a short period. Strong, prolonged E winds reduce the flow of the current, while strong W winds increase the flow, but rarely more than 1 knot. There are countercurrents on both sides of the strait, but there are no clear boundaries between the main E current and the countercurrents. The latter are greatly influenced by the fluctuations in the velocity of the main current and secondary tidal influences. Some of the principal countercurrents are: 1. Between Shirikami Saki and Yagoshi Saki, the countercurrent is not very strong when the main current is weak, but has a substantial W set when the main current is strong. 2. Between Yagoshi Saki and Shiokubi Saki, when the main current is weak, the countercurrent increases and a S current develops off Yagoshi Saki; the flow is shoreward in the remainder of the area. When the main current is strong the countercurrent decreases and there is only a faint countercurrent. In winter there is a marked W flow along the coast. 3. Between Shiokubi Saki and Esan Saki, two ocean currents join and the countercurrent area is clearly defined. The W flow along the coast increases and diminishes under the influence of the Oyashio. 4. The countercurrents S of a line connecting Tappi Saki and Oma Saki diminish when the main current is weak. It is a weak but wide countercurrent that includes the W flow hugging the shore from Takano Saki to Tappi Saki. When the main current is strong, the countercurrent increases and there are at least two countercurrents, one on each side of Takano Saki. A S inshore current develops between Oma Saki and Fukuura Saki. Tappi Saki-Tappano Saki, the W shore current, becomes especially strong, occasionally attaining a velocity of 3 knots. The set of the currents in the extensive central part of this area is indeterminate. 5. The currents between Oma Saki and Shiriya Saki is extremely indeterminate. The currents in the vicinity of Shiriya Saki are extremely unstable. Oyashio, a cool current, flows SW along the SE side of the Kuril Islands, then continues along the SE side of Hokkaido and the E coast of Honshu. Near Shiokubi Saki, the main current approaches the shore and frequently causes tide rips that extend S of Muino Shima, and sometimes over 2 miles offshore. The tidal currents between Shiokubi Saki and Esan Saki are noticeable only near the shore, but near Esan Saki they extend about 3 miles offshore. They set W at flood and E at ebb, occasionally reaching a velocity of 2 knots. Directions.Westbound vessels, by keeping within the countercurrent areas, are able to avoid the strong E main current, but this is recommended only with good visibility. The N track outside the main current leads about 3 miles offshore from Esan Saki to Shiokubi Saki, then N of a line approximately joining Shiokubi Saki and Yagoshi Saki to Shirakami Saki. A course should then be steered midway between Benten Shima and Ko Shima.1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32

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mile off Nanatsuiwa Hana, about 2 miles SW of Esan Saki. Hiura Misaki, about 6 miles farther SW, is a bold headland, rising to an elevation of 220m. Three pyramidal boulders, the largest 20.1m high, stand on the extremity of the point. Muino Shima, a cone-shaped islet, 57m high, lies about 1 mile WSW of Hiura Misaki; it is covered with guano, and is conspicuous from the E or W. Toi Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies close N of the islet. Shiokubi Saki (Shiokubi Misaki) (4143'N., 14058'E.), about 3 miles farther W, is a high, cliffy headland, with a light on its summit. Two radio towers are conspicuous from a distance on a 292m hill, about 0.5 mile NNW of the light structure. Kinasi Yama rises to an elevation of 415m about 3 miles N of Shiokubi Saki.1.33 1.33 1.33

Vessels running through the N side of the entrance, and bound W through the S side of the strait, should proceed through the N track described above until they are SE of Shiokubi Saki. They should then make good a course across the strait until a position about 3 miles NW of Oma Saki is reached, after which they should steer 230 for Tappi Saki, and in a position 5 or 6 miles NE of that cape, a W course should be shaped to clear the entrance. Eastbound vessels, by keeping mid-channel, can take advantage of the E current setting through the strait. After passing Shirakami Saki at a distance of more than 3 miles, vessels should steer for Shiokubi Saki, and when Oma Saki is abaft the beam, course should be altered E and the N shore should not be approached within 3 miles. Caution.Passage through the strait presents no difficulties by day or at night in clear weather. Vessels proceeding E should keep in the main E current. Vessels proceeding W in clear weather should take advantage of the eddies and countercurrents on either side of the main E current. However, there are complex currents caused by the interaction of the ocean and tidal currents, and considerable cross traffic as well as through strait traffic. Cross traffic includes the Japan National Railways Aomari-Hakodate rail, auto, and passenger ferries, with speeds of 15 to 21 knots, as well as numerous other vessels plying between the N and S sides of the strait. Caution is especially necessary in bad visibility during heavy summer fogs or winter blizzards. The vessels position should be accurately fixed before navigating the strait in low visibility. Varying depths in the strait, and the configuration of the 200m curve facilitate navigation by depth finder, and soundings can be combined with radar bearings. Care must be taken to avoid collision with squid fishing boats which fish at night off Hakodate and Esan Misaki during the summer to winter squid fishing season, as well as the fishing fleets that work by day all year round near Muina Shima and Hiura Misaki.1.32 1.32 1.32 1.32

North Side of Tsugaru KaikyoEsan Saki to Hakodate Wan

1.33 Esan Saki (Esan Misaki) (4149'N., 14111'E.), the NE entrance point of Tsugaru Kaikyo, is a steep headland, 260m high; Esan Misaki Light stands on a low flat ground on the NE side of the promontory. E San, an active volcano, 618m high, lies about 1 mile SW of Esan Saki; it constantly emits sulfurous fumes, and its summit is occasionally enveloped in clouds. The E side of the summit is covered with red boulders, and on the W side there are patches of sulfur resembling clouds from a distance. Todo Yama, a round-topped mountain, 570m high, lies about 1.5 miles WNW of E San; it is shaped like E San, but is entirely green in color. There is flat terrain between E San and Todo Yama. The coast between Esan Saki and Shiokubi Saki, about 12 miles WSW, is mostly steep cliffs, with mountains near the coast. Then it curves to Ohana Zaki, about 12 miles farther W, and consists mainly of a sandy beach, except for the ends of the curve. There are drying and sunken rocks near the shore, but no dangers lie beyond 0.25 mile offshore. Depths over 20.1m lie close off the capes and headlands. Seven large rocks, the outermost 6.9m high, lie about 0.1

1.33

Esan Saki Light

Hakodate Wan1.34 Hakodate Wan is entered between Ohana Zaki (4144'N., 14043'E.) and Kattoshi Misaki, about 4.5 miles W. Ohana Zaki is the S extremity of Hakodate Hanto, which is connected to the mainland by a low isthmus, on which stands the city of Hakodate. Aspect.Four radio towers, painted white and showing white obstruction lights, are situated about 0.5 mile NE of Ohana Zaki. Hakodate Yama rises near the middle of Hakodate Hanto; its highest part, known as Goten Yama, rises to an elevation of 335m, about 1 mile N of Ohana Zaki. Three TV relay1.34

1.33

1.33

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Shiokubi Saki Light Hiura Misaki Light towers, marked by red obstruction lights, stand on the summit of Goten Yama. Two radio towers, with an elevation of 85m, are conspicuous about 1 mile E of Goten Yama. Kattoshi Misaki, the W entrance point of Hakodate Wan, is marked by a light. Maru Yama, a cone-shaped mountain, 482m high and thickly wooded on its E side, lies about 2 miles W of Kattoshi Misaki, and is a good landmark from the S. Seven gray chimneys of the Nihon Cement Company stand about 4.8 miles NNE of Kattoshi Misaki, and about 0.8 mile WSW of the mouth of Ari Gawa; the constant smoke emissions are visible from a distance, and the plant lights are excellent landmarks at night. The Nihon Cement Company Pier (Taiheiyosemento Sea Berth), marked by a light at its extremity, extends about 1.1 miles from a point on the shore, 3.5 miles NNE of Moheji Ko (4146'N., 14037'E.), and is connected to the plant NW by a belt conveyor. Three aluminum-colored radio masts, the S mast marked by a red light, are conspicuous about 1 mile ENE of the mouth of Ari Gawa. Hakodate Wan has depths of 50 to 60m in the middle of the bay entrance, gradually decreasing shoreward. Depths of over 10.1m lie about 0.5 mile offshore, except in its NW part, where they lie about 1 mile offshore. Anchorage.When entry into Hakodate Ko is delayed, an1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34

Kattoshi Misaki Light Pub. 159

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Sector 1. HokkaidoWest Coast and Tsugaru Kaikyo

MLHW.

chorage can be taken, in 18m, sand, about 0.8 mile SE of the head of Nihon Cement Company Pier.

WindsWeather Hakodate Ko (4147'N., 14043'E.)

1.35

World Port Index No. 61190 1.35 Hakodate Ko occupies the E side of Hakodate Wan and is composed of six sections. It is sheltered W by breakwaters, and is the best harbor in Hokkaido. It is used by ferries of the Japan National Railways plying between Aomari Ko and Hakodate Ko, car ferries, and very large numbers of fishing vessels. Winds from the NW to N raise some sea in the harbor, but this rarely interferes with harbor traffic.

At Hakodate, WNW and W winds predominate from October to April, and S from May to September. The mean wind speed is about 7.5 knots from November through April, and about 6 knots from June through October. Winds of 19 knots and above occur about 3 days per month in the summer months, increasing to about 11 days per month in March and April. There are about 23 days per month, with snow from December to March.

DepthsLimitations1.35

TidesCurrents1.35

1.35

The tidal rise at Hakodate Ko is 0.9m at MHHW, and 0.8m at

The greater part of the port area has depths of 10.1m or more. The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Hakodate KoBerthing Facilities.

Pier for waste oil disposal facilities

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CautionWhen a winter NW wind brings snow to the Kamiiso area, vessels are occasionally caught in snowstorms when approaching the inner harbor. Careful attention should be paid to weather conditions and entrance into the harbor should be delayed when the smoke or flames emitted by the Nihon Cement Company chimneys cannot be seen. Between September and December, stationery fish traps are set up within 1 mile of the coast between Kattoshi Misaki and the N shore of Hakodate Wan. Departing Japan National Railway ferries and car ferries frequently meet incoming vessels starboard-to-starboard so that they can make a sharp turn to port as soon as they clear Passage 1 to take up their prescribed course.1.35 1.35 1.35

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1.35

A tank farm, within the Asia Oil Company refinery, is conspicuous at the N end of the harbor, about 5 miles N of Ohana Zaki. A chimney, 56m high, with red and white stripes, is very conspicuous. The Combined Port Affairs Building, an eight-story building, stands on Central Wharf, about 1.5 miles SE of the S entrance to the harbor; a signal mast and 4 radio towers stand on the roof. Two gantry cranes, 70m high, with red and white stripes, are very conspicuous at Drydock No. 4; they are marked by red lights on top on both ends and white lights below.

Pilotage1.35

1.35

Pilotage is not compulsory. Pilots board 1.5 miles SW of the S harbor entrance; in rough weather they board nearer the entrance. Tankers berthing at the sea berth board a pilot at the lighted buoy in position 4148'17N, 14040'43E. Vessels may communicate with the harbormaster by radio or on VHF channel 12 and 16. The signal station is situated on the roof of the Combined Port Affairs Building. Berths and anchorages are assigned by the harbormaster, and the signals designating them are shown from the signal station. Vessels should retain onboard the most recent edition of Japan Maritime Safety Laws and Regulations, obtainable through the Japanese Coast Guard. This publication should be kept as a reference for signal station communiques and their meanings, appropriate answering signals, and other local or specific regulations.

Hakodate Wan to Shirakami Saki

1.36 Saraki Misaki (4142'N., 14032'E.) is a sandy point about 4 miles SW of Kattoshi Misaki. A reef, with a depth of 4.6m near its outer end, extends about 0.8 mile SE of Saraki Misaki. A light is shown on the coast about 2 miles W of Saraki Misaki. Kikonai Wan is entered between Saraki Misaki and Kitsunegoe Saki, a rocky headland 25.9m high, about 9.5 miles SW. A rounded hill, 214m high, is conspicuous about 0.4 mile WNW of Kitsunego Saki. Three above-water rocks, the outermost 17.1m high, extend about 0.2 mile off Takasu Misaki, about 1.3 miles SW of Kitsunegoe Saki. Yagoshi Saki (Yakoshi Zaki), about 1.5 miles farther SW, is a cliffy steep-to point, with two thickly-wooded hills on its summit; the outer hill, 121m high, is marked by a light on its side. Okumaru Yama (Maru Yama), a densely-wooded mountain, 826m high, lies about 2 miles NW of Yagoshi Saki, and is the highest peak in the vicinity; its summit is frequently enveloped in clouds during the summer. Anchorage.Kikonai Wan provides anchorage for large vessels; the mountains behind the bay offer shelter from W to N winds. Excellent anchorage can be taken E of Kikonai and S of Satsukari, in 12.8 to 15.8m, sand, keeping clear of the submarine cables extending E and SE from the mouth of Kikonai Kawa; this anchorage is sheltered from strong currents. Good anchorage can be taken off Wakimoto in deep water, good holding ground. The high ground W of Kitsunegoe Saki offers protection from SW to W winds. This is the best shelter area in Tsugaru Kaikyo during strong W winds, when it is used by numerous vessels.1.36 1.36 1.36 1.36

Regulations1.35 1.35

Vessels of 500 grt and over may not enter the harbor at night. Vessels of 500 grt and over intending to anchor inside the harbor should request an assignment from the harbormaster while still outside the breakwaters.

Vessels proceeding to an assigned anchorage or berth should indicate their intention by the appropriate signals.1.35

AnchorageDepths inside and outside the harbor provide excellent anchorage. The quarantine anchorage lies W of the W breakwater; the holding ground is reported good. The mooring buoys in the S portion of the harbor provide anchorage, in 6.1 to 12.2m, good holding ground. A good berth for temporary anchorage, in a depth of 18m, sand, lies 2.8 miles SSE of the mouth of Ari Kari (4149'N., 14039'E.).1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35

1.37 The coast between Yagoshi Saki and Shirakami Saki, about 12 miles SW, is backed by mountains forming cliffs and rocky shores. The coast is comparatively steep-to, except in the vicinity of Fukushima Ko (4128'N., 14016'E.), midway along this stretch, where the depths are shallow enough to provide anchorage for large vessels. Mo Yama, a cone-shaped peak, 526m high and sparsely wooded, is conspicuous about 2 miles NNE of Fukushima. Maru Yama, a 308m peak, lies near the coast, about 1.4 miles NE of Fukushima Ko.

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0.3 mile NNE of Shiriya Saki, near the extremity of rocks and reefs extending NNE of the point. O Ne, with a least depth of 0.3m, lies nearly 1 mile ENE of Shiriya Saki; it is covered with seaweed and the sea in the vicinity sometimes appears reddish in color. O Ne is marked by breakers in rough weather, but at other times it is difficult to distinguish. A rock, with a depth of 1.8m, lies about 0.2 mile W of O Ne. Tide rips and whirlpools are formed up to 2 miles NNE of Shiriya Saki. Benten Shima, an islet, 21m high and joined to the coast by an embankment, lies about 1.5 miles SW of Shiriya Saki. Shiriyamisaki Ko is formed by a detached breakwater extending WSW from Benten Shima and a pier extending NW from the coast S of the islet. A dolphin pier, on the inner side and near the foot of the breakwater, has depths of 6 to 7.9m alongside. An elevated conveyor, which loads limestone, extends to Benten Shima, then SE to the coast. There are depths of 6 to 10.1m inside the breakwater; the holding ground is reported good. Another breakwater extends NW from the shore, 0.3 mile S of the root of Shiriyamisaki Ko. The coast between Shiriya Saki and Iwaya, about 3.5 miles SW, consists of steep cliffs terminating with sandy beaches, and bordered by reefs. Continuing to Ohata Ko, a small fishing port at the mouth of Ohata Kawa, about 11 miles farther W, the coast consists of sandy beaches and earthen cliffs, backed by a plain; many rivers, accessible only to boats, enter the sea along the latter section of coast. Lights are shown from the breakwaters at Ohata Ko. The coast from Ohata Ko to Oma Saki, about 14 miles NW, is bordered by reefs and rocks. It is backed by densely-wooded mountains, culminating in Hiuchi Dake, 781m high, and Metakisawa Yama, 618m high, about 9 miles SE and 7 miles SSE, respectively, of Oma Saki. Kabuto Saki, about 4 miles NW of Ohata Ko, is faced by a red cliff. Sankaku Yama, a pyramidal hill, rises to an elevation of 292m, about 0.7 mile WSW of Kabuto Saki, and is conspicuous from the NW. Oma Saki (Oma Zaki) (4133'N., 14055'E.), the N extremity of Honshu, is a low sandy spit on which stand some farm buildings. Oma Saki Light is shown on the summit of Benten Shima from a round tower. Oma Se, with a depth of 2.6m, and a rock, with a depth of 7.7m, lie about 1 mile N and 1.3 miles NNW of Benten Shima, at the outer end of a rocky ridge, with depths of less than 20m extending N of Oma Saki. The edges of the reef are steep-to, and strong E currents flowing over the ridge may generate whirlpools, tide rips, and overfalls. Wakazekara Se and Kaigara Se, with depths of 4.4m, lie on this ridge, about 0.8 mile NE and NW, respectively, of Benten Shima. Anchorage.Temporary anchorage can be taken, in 18.3 to 36m, about 1 mile E of Oma Saki to avoid the ocean and tidal currents, but the bottom is rocky. Oma Ko, a small harbor sheltered by breakwaters, lies about 1 mile S of Oma Saki. Rocks, with depths of less than 9.2m, lie within 0.5 mile of the coast in the approach to the harbor. Anchorage can be taken about 1 mile W of the harbor by vessels awaiting favorable tides to enter Tsugaru Kaikyo.1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38

1.37

1.37

The best anchorage, in 12m, sand, lies about 0.5 mile offshore, with Maru Yama bearing 030. This anchorage is sheltered from W to N winds, but is sometimes affected by large swells coming from the W end of Tsugaru Kaikyo. Shirakami Saki (Shirakami Misaki) (4124'N., 14012'E.), the S extremity of Hokkaido, is faced with a high cliff, rising to a hill, 179m high, about 0.4 mile N. Shirikami Take, a grasscovered mountain, 352m high, is conspicuous about 1.3 miles NNE of Shirakami Saki. A light is shown on the point from a white square structure, 17m high.

Shirakami Saki1.37

Rocks and reefs extend up to about 0.3 mile for about 1 mile on either side of Shirakami Saki. The currents in the vicinity are very strong, and the point should be given a berth of at least 0.5 mile. Strong W winds raise a heavy sea off the point.

South Side of Tsugaru KaikyoShiriya Saki to Mutsu Wan

1.38 Shiriya Saki (Shiriya Zaki) (4126'N., 14128'E.), the NE extremity of Honshu, is the SE entrance point of Tsugaru Kaikyo. It is the termination of a promontory, which for the first mile inland is level, then rises to Hitogata Yama, 166m high, with odd-shaped rocks on its summit, about 1.5 miles SW of the point, then to Kuwabata Yama, 400m high, with twin peaks, about 1.3 miles farther S. An orange observation buoy lies 58 miles E of Shiriya Saki. Todo Shima, a black islet, 15.8m high, is conspicuous about

1.38

1.38

1.39 The land in the vicinity of Oma Saki is low; farther S the coast is backed by mountains which gradually approach the coast. From Yagosi Saki to Yakeyama Zaki (Yakeyama Misa-

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ki) (4115'N., 14047'E.), the coast consists of steep cliffs, backed by wooded mountains. The cliffs between Fukuura Saki (4119'N., 14048'E.) and Yakeyama Zaki are especially steep and reflect various colors of light. Many large and small odd-shaped rocks lie along this coast. A light stands on the head of a breakwater, protecting Ushitaki Ko, a small harbor 2.5 miles N of Yakeyama Zaki. The coast between Oma Saki and Yakeyama Zaki is mostly steep and deep except in the vicinity of Oma Saki. Oyo Shima and Tate Ishi are the only off-lying dangers. Tsubana Zaki (Zaimoku Hana) (4128'N., 14053'E.), about 5 miles SSW of Oma Saki, consists of columnar rocks and rises to Hatsumori Yama, a conspicuous hill, 67m high on its summit. Kuraiwa Hana, about 0.7 mile NE, has a black, steep-to rock close off it. Sai Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies about 2.3 miles SSW of Tsubana Zaki. Yagosi Saki (4125'N., 14051'E.), about 1.5 miles farther SW, is a conspicuous cliffy point, with a small shrine on its summit. Kankake Iwa, two odd-shaped rocks, lie off the point. Oyo-jima, a black rock, 11.9m high, and marked by a light at its summit, lies about 1.7 miles SW of Yagosi Saki. Tate Ishi, a rock 0.6m high, on which the sea breaks, lies about 0.3 mile N of Oyo-jima. Ozukuri Yama (4119'N., 14052'E.), 776m high, lies about 3 miles E of Fukuura Saki, and is the highest peak in the vicinity. Nuidoshi Yama, 628m high, about 1 mile SW of Ozukuri Yama, has a large rock on its summit. Nii Yama, 483m high, pointed, and with a red cliff on its side, is conspicuous about 1 mile NE of Yakeyama Zaki. A red clay cliff, S of Yakeyama Zaki, is the most conspicuous in the area.1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39

29

1.40

longer and with greater strength than the S current, there occasionally being no S flood for an entire day. In the vicinity of Yakeyama Zaki the S current usually flows longer than the N current and with greater velocity, a rate of 1.5 knots sometimes being attained. At the inner end of the strait, the velocity is somewhat greater on the E side than on the W. The flood tidal current sets into the bay and the ebb tidal current sets out of the bay, neither current attaining any great rate. The tide turns soon after HW and LW.

Tairadate KaikyoEast and West Sides

1.41 The E side of Tairadate Kaikyo is steep-to and consists mainly of steep cliffs backed by wooded mountains. From Yakeyama Zaki the coast extends about 3.5 miles SSW to O Saki, then 3 miles S to Kai Saki (Kai Zaki) (4109'N., 14046'E.). Kai Saki, steep-to, is conspicuous from the N or S; fishing nets are sometimes laid off this point. Iboiwa Saki, about 1.3 miles SE of Kai Saki, has a nippleshaped rock at its extremity, which is conspicuous when viewed from the W. Ushikubi Saki, a low rocky point, lies about 1.4 miles E of Kai Saki. Shiroiwa Saki, a steep-to rocky point, lies midway between the latter two points. Tai-jima (Benten-jima), about 0.5 mile S of Ushikubi Saki, is 27.1m high and marked by a light; it is precipitous on its N side and has a small shrine on its summit. Another rocky islet, 31m high, lies close by. Todo Shima, which dries 0.6m, lies about 0.2 mile S of Tai-jima. Asa Ne, with a depth of 0.6m, lies midway between Ushikubi Saki and Tai-jima, and passage between the islet and the point should not be attempted. Takano Zaki (4114'N., 14034'E.), the W entrance point of Tairadate Kaikyo, is a low, rocky point, marked by a light. Bozu Dake (Boju Yama), 498m high, pointed and wooded, lies about 2.5 miles S of Takano Zaki, and is conspicuous from a distance. O Ne, a rock with a depth of 14.9m, lies about 0.7 mile NE of Takano Zaki, and is marked by tide rips at times. The coast between Takano Zaki and Ishi Saki, about 4.5 miles ESE, slopes gently, is fringed with reefs and rocks, and is backed by mountains. Between Ishi Saki and Myojin Saki, about 1 mile SSE, the coast is densely wooded by pine trees and backed by a flat rice field. Tairadate Light is shown from Myojin Saki.Hakamagoshi Take, a flat-topped mountain, 707m high, is very conspicuous about 3 miles W of Myojin Saki. Maruyagata Take, 718m high, the highest mountain in the vicinity, lies about 1 mile SSE of Hakamagoshi Take. Tairadate Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies nearly 1 mile S of Myojin Saki. Anchorage, sheltered from W winds, can be taken off the breakwaters at Tairadate Ko. It is reported that winds and seas are less here than at other locations in the vicinity, even when there is a NE wind, locally called the yamase.1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41

Mutsu Wan1.40 Mutsu Wan (Mutsa Wan) is entered between Yakeyama Zaki and Takano Zaki (4114'N., 14033'E.), about 10.5 miles W, via Tairadate Kaikyo. The shores of the bay have depths of 10.1m close offshore to within 1 mile offshore. Depths in the middle of the bay are over 40m. A sharp peninsula projects into the center of the bay from the S side and divides the bay into E and W parts. Aomori Ko lies in the W part, and Nobeji Ko and Ominato Ko lie in E part. Scallop beds, seaweed beds, and fixed fishing nets are laid up to 4 miles offshore in the bay throughout the year. Mariners are also advised that shellfish culture equipment may be found as far as 3 miles offshore along the coast of Muta Wan. Tairadate Kaikyo, the deep entrance into Mutsu Wan, has fairway depths of 50 to 90m in the fairway. It has a least width of 5.5 miles, providing easy passage in general. However, thick fog in summer and snow in the winter may render passage somewhat difficult. Fog, especially frequent in June and July, tends to envelop the mountains on the W side of the strait, rather than those on the E side. TidesCurrents.Tidal currents in Tairadate Kaikyo seldom exceed velocities over 1 knot. The directions are not quite regular, but in general the flood tidal current sets S and the ebb tidal current sets N. The directions are particularly irregular in the N part of the strait, where the strait meets the area of circular currents of Tsugaru Kaikyo. Off Takano Zaki, the N current, which may attain a velocity of 2.5 knots, ordinarily flows1.40 1.40 1.40

Aomori Wan1.42 Aomori Wan, in the W part of Mutsu Wan, is entered between Kanita Gawa (Kanida Gawa) (4103'N., 14039'E.) and O Shima, about 10.5 miles ESE. Aomori Ko is situated at the head of the bay. Fishing nets are laid 1 to 2 miles off the W shore of the bay during the summer. Pub. 159

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Sector 1. HokkaidoWest Coast and Tsugaru Kaikyo TidesCurrents

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The W shore of Aomori Wan consists of a pebble beach, backed by well-cultivated land for 3 miles S of Kanita Gawa; there are a number of villages and many small rivers. A light is shown from the head of a breakwater at Kanita Gawa. A port hand lighted buoy is moored 2.25 miles E of Kanita Gawa. A light is shown from a breakwater 7 miles S of Kanita Gawa. A light is shown from the head of a breakwater, protecting a small harbor (Okunai Ko), 9.5 miles S of Kanita Gawa. A white building is conspicuous on the summit of a hill N of the mouth of Kanita Gawa. Okura Dake (Okura Take), 678m high, lies about 6 miles SW of the mouth of Kanita Gawa, and is the highest peak on the W side of Aomori Wan. O Shima, the E entrance point of Aomori Wan, is 72m high and marked by a light at its N end; it is joined to the peninsula SE by a sandspit and rocks awash. A light is shown from the head of a breakwater, protecting a small harbor, 2 miles S of O Shima. Futago Hana, about 4 miles SSW of O Shima, is the W extremity of a promontory, rising about 0.2 mile SE to a wooded hill, 109m high. Futago Iwa (Futago Shima), 11m high, close WNW of the point, is steep-to on its W side. Mora-jima (Moura Shima), about 1.3 miles SE of Futago Hana, is 106m high; it is cliffy on its W side, and has a shingle spit on its E side. Mora Ko (Moura Ko), NNE of Mora-jima, is sheltered from N, E, and S winds. Large vessels can anchor, in 14.6 to 16.5m, mud, in the central part of Mora Ko. Kamome-jima (Gomi Shima), about 1.3 miles S of Mora-jima, is 106m high; its W side is cliffy, and its E side consists of a shingle beach. Yuno Shima, about 0.7 mile farther S, is 123m high to the tops of the trees; its E side is cliffy, and it is almost joined to the mainland E by a sandy spit. O Se, with a least depth of 8.2m, lies about 0.7 mile W of Yuno Shima.

The tidal rise at Aomori Ko is 0.6m at MHWS, and 0.5m at MHWN. Tidal currents are generally insignificant.

DepthsLimitations1.43

There are depths in the entrance channel of 17 to 27m. The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Aomori KoBerthing Facilities.

AspectHanakuri Zaki (Hanaguri Zaki) (4059'N., 14057'E.) is an odd-looking point about 3 miles ESE of O Shima. A sand spit, thickly covered by pine trees, lies about 0.5 mile farther ESE. Yasui Saki, about 2.5 miles farther SE, rises to a hill about 15m high, and is marked by a light. Kominato Wan, entered S of Yasu Saki, dries out at its head. The coast between Kominato Wan and Nobeji Ko is backed by gently rising land. Nobeji Ko (Noheji Ko), a small port, lies at the mouth of a river, at the head of Noheji Wan; breakwaters project from the mouth of the river, and lighted buoys mark the approach. The E shore of Nobeji Wan from Nobeji Ko to Yokohama, about 14 miles NNE, consists of sandy beach backed by grassy land rising to low hills about 2 miles inland. Fukikoshi Eboshi, 508m high, and Kanatsu Yama (Kanetsu Yama), 520m high, are two peaks about 4 miles ESE and E, respectively, of Mihokawajiri Misaki.1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43

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Aomori Ko (4050'N., 14045'E.)

World Port Index No. 61270 1.43 Aomori Ko, at the S end of Aomori Wan, consists of an outer harbor and an inner harbor. The inner harbor is sheltered by detached N and E breakwaters. Aomori Ko is the gateway of traffic between Honshu and Hokkaido, and ferries of Japan National Railways and car ferries, plying between Hakodate Ko and Aomori Ko, arrive and depart from Ferry Wharf. East Passage and West Passage, providing access to the harbor, are entered about 1.3 miles NNE, and 1 mile N, respectively, of North Breakwater.1.43 1.43

WindsWeather1.43

Snow begins to fall in the latter part of November, and snow storms may be encountered until the end of March. The severe blizzards of December, January, and February may interrupt shipping operations. In May and June during the prevailing SW winds the visibility may be lowered by a thin haze. Dense fog may be encountered between June and August, with port operations being suspended as a result.

Aomori Ko1.43

Nakanosawa Saki, the E entrance point of Ominato Ko, lies about 2.8 miles NNE of Mihokawajiri Misaki.

Pub. 159

Sector 1. HokkaidoWest Coast and Tsugaru Kaikyo

A light is shown from the head of a breakwater, protecting a small harbor, 4.5 miles N of Nakanosawa Saki. A breakwater extends close NW of the head of Okidate East Breakwater. A light is shown from the head of the breakwater. Hanaguri Saki (4052'N., 14050'E.), about 1.5 miles SSW of Yuno Shima, is 141m high to the tops of the trees, and has a small shrine and pine trees on its summit; the harbor limit extends W from Hanaguri Saki. A hill, 132m high, with an oddshaped peak (quarry site), lies about 0.5 mile SW of Hanaguri Saki. Bakkono Saki, about 0.5 mile farther SW, is 86m high, and steep-sided. A sandy beach extends SW of Bakkono Saki to the city of Aomori. The city of Aomori extends from the root of West Breakwater to Tutsumi Kawa, about 1 mile E, and beyond. Three radio towers, 60m high, lie about 1 mile WNW of the head of West Breakwater. A radio tower, marked by red lights, lies about 0.8 mile SSE of North Breakwater. It was reported (1998) the tower may no longer be conspicuous. The Aomori Bay Bridge is situated S of Hachikoda Maru; its E and W pillars are marked by flashing lights. Lighted buoys mark the entrances to East Passage and West Passage.

31

1.43

Anchorage1.43

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Good anchorage for large vessels can be taken, in 18m, sand and mud, good holding ground, NNW of W breakwater. Anchorage can be taken in Nobeji Wan, in 9.2 to 15.8m, shingle, about 0.8 mile offshore. The holding ground is moderate and the bay is open N. A circular quarantine anchorage, with a radius of 0.25 mile, is centered about 2 miles bearing 012 from the mouth of Tsutsumi Kawa, and about 1 mile NNE of the entrance to East Passage.

CautionEast Passage and West Passage have been replaced by new passages marked by lighted buoys. The breakwater lights, being low, are reported difficult to distinguish from a distance against the lights of the shore. Vessels should approach Aomori Ko with the radio tower, about 0.8 mile SSE of N breakwater, bearing 180. Then alter course left to approach the entrance to East Passage. Then a course of about 200 is steered through the passage. Some ferries enter through East Passage and depart via West Passage. Depths of up to 7m less than charted may exist S of Kita Breakwater within Section I and Section II. In order to prevent accidents vessels, other than tankers, are prohibited from entering a sea area within 30m of any tanker berthed at Bridgestone Liquid Gas Terminal or Aomori Plant Private Jetty1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43

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Pilotage1.43

Pilotage is available. Pilots board at the quarantine anchorage. Pilots can be contacted on VHF channels 12 and 16.

Aomori Wan to Ominato Ko

Sector 1. HokkaidoWest Coast and Tsugaru Kaikyo

from any location in Mutsu Wan. Anchorage.Ominato Ko affords anchorage, in 7.3 to 9.2m, near its head. There are suitable anchorage depths throughout the bay. The bottom is generally mud with shells.1.45

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Yasui Saki, about 2.5 miles farther SE, rises to a hill about 15.2m high, and is marked by a light. Kominato Wan, entered S of Yasu Saki, dries out at its head. The coast between Kominato Wan and Nobeji Ko is backed by gently rising land. Nobeji Ko (Noheji Ko), a small port, lies at the mouth of a river, at the head of Noheji Wan; breakwaters project from the mouth of the river and lighted buoys mark the approach. Anchorage can be taken in Nobeji Wan, in 9.2 to 15.8m, shingle, about 0.8 mile offshore. The holding ground is moderate and the bay is open N. The E shore of Nobeji Wan from Nobeji Ko to Yokohama, about 14 miles NNE, consists of sandy beach backed by grassy land rising to low hills about 2 miles inland. Fukikoshi Eboshi, 508m high, and Kanatsu Yama (Kanetsu Yama), 520m high, are two peaks about 4 miles ESE and E, respectively, of Yokohama. Nakanosawa Saki, the E entrance point of Ominato Ko, lies about 2.8 miles NNE of Yokohama. A light is shown from the head of a breakwater, protecting a small harbor, 4.5 miles N of Nakanosawa Saki.

Ominato Ko to Benten Shima

1.46 Kawauchi Wan, with Kawauchi Ko at its head, lies between Kuro Saki and Shukunobe Saki, about 5 miles W. The latter point is a sandspit with pine trees, 26m high, near its extremity. Asa Se, with a depth of 8.6m, lies about 0.5 mile SE of Kuro Saki. Tono Saki, a sandy projection, about 2.5 miles WSW of Shukunobe Saki, has two conspicuous clumps of pine trees on it, one of which is on a small hill. Wakinosawa Ko, a small port, lies about 1.5 miles NNE of Benten Shima. It consists of a basin protected by three breakwaters. A light is shown from a square metal framework tower, 8m high, on the head of one breakwater.1.46 1.46

Takano Zaki to Tappi Saki

1.47 Minmaya Wan (Mimmaya Wan) is entered between Takano Zaki (4114'N., 14033'E.) and Tappi Saki, about 9.5 miles WNW. Takano Zaki was previously described with Mutsu Wan in paragraph 1.40. Reefs lie along the shores of the bay; however, depths of over 20.1m lie from 0.2 to 0.8 mile offshore. Minmaya Wan is an area of countercurrents caused by the ocean currents running through Tsugaru Kaikyo. The directions of the currents are unpredictable, but seldom exceed a velocity of two knots. Minmaya Ko (Mimmaya Ko), a small port sheltered by a breakwater, lies about 5.5 miles WSW of Takano Zaki. The black chimney of a saw mill in Masukawa is conspicuous about 0.8 mile SE of Minmaya Ko. Anchorage, sheltered from W winds, can be taken, in 12m, about 0.5 mile offshore, off the breakwater at Minmaya; the holding ground is poor with rocky bottom in places. Kabuto Iwa, a rock, 8.9m high, with a round reddish top, lies about 135m offshore, about 0.3 mile N of Minmaya Ko. Misago-jima, consisting of several dark, pointed rocks, the highest of which is 11.9m, is conspicuous about 3 miles NW of Minmaya Ko. Tappi Saki (Tappi Zaki) (4115'N., 14021'E.), about 2.8 miles farther NW, lies on the S side of the W entrance to Tsugaru Kaikyo. A light is shown on the summit of the point. Obi Shima, a rocky islet, 35m high, is the outermost of two islets extending about 0.2 mile NE of the point. Rocks, some which dry, and some awash, extend up to 0.2 mile N of the point. There is a harbor for small craft, protected by breakwaters, situated between Obi Shima and Tappi Saki. Strong tide rips and eddies are formed in the vicinity of Tappi Saki, which should be given a berth of at least 2 miles.1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47

Ominato Ko (4115'N., 14109'E.)

1.45 Ominato Ko is entered between Kuro Saki (4111'N., 14105'E.) and Nakanosawa Saki, about 9.8 miles ESE. The E shore of Ominato Ko consists of low sandy beaches, backed by marshland or low wooded plains. The W side of the port is backed by high mountains. Tanabu Kawa flows into the head of Ominato Ko, and a sand spit, with Ashi Saki at its N extremity, extends about 2 miles NNE from the W shore. An airfield is situated near the root of the sand spit. A breakwater extends SW from the SE side of the mouth of Tanabu Kawa. The principal facilities are situated in the mouth of Tanabu Kawa and in the inner bay formed by the sand spit. TidesCurrents.The tidal rise at Ominato Ko is 0.7m at MHWS and 0.5m at MHWN. DepthsLimitations.A wharf on the SE side of the mouth of Tanabu Kawa has a berth on its SW end, with a length of 178m and depths of 6.9 to 7.9m alongside. The inner bay has general depths of 7 to 8m, and its entrance is about 0.2 mile wide. The SE side of the inner bay dries out about 0.2 mile. Jetty No. 5, on the NW side of the inner bay, has a berthing length of 130m and depths of 4.9 to 7.9m alongside its NE side. A pier on the SE side of the inner bay has a dolphin off its end and a depth of 5.5m alongside. Aspect.There are four mooring buoys in the inner bay. A light is shown from Kuro Saki; a lighted buoy is moored NW of Ashi Saki. Kamafusa Yama, 878m high, with twin summits, is conspicuous about 6.5 miles NNE of Kuro Saki. It can be recognized1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45

Additional chart coverage may be found in NGA/DLIS Catalog of Maps, Charts, and Related Products (Unlimited Distribution).

SECTOR 2 CHART INFORMATION

Pub. 159

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SECTOR 2HONSHUNORTHWEST COASTTAPPI SAKI TO ROKUGO SAKI (INCLUDING OFF-LYING ISLANDS)Plan.This sector describes the NE part of the NW coast of Honshu, from Tappi Saki, at the W entrance of Tsugaru Kaikyo, to Rokugo Saki, about 266 miles SW. The sector includes AkitaFunakawa Ko, Sakata Ko, Niigato Ko, Naoetsu Ko, Fushiki-Toyama Ku, and Nanao Ko, which can accommodate large vessels. The islands of Kyuroku-jima, Tobi Shima, Awa Shima, and Sado Shima, which lie off the coast, are also described. The arrangement of the sector is from NE to SW.2.0

E to S, can be taken about 1.5 miles N of Nanatsuishi Saki and 1 mile offshore.2.2

The coast between Kominato Misaki and Otose Saki, about 24 miles SSW, forms an open bay with sandy beaches. Depths of over 20m lie about 1 mile offshore. Jusan Ko, about 6 miles SE of Kominato Misaki, lies at the entrance of a large shallow lagoon. In severe winter weather, the lagoon freezes over completely. 2.3 Otose Saki (4046'N., 14003'E.), bordered by sunken rocks, is marked by a light. A peak, 359m high, and Masugata Yama, 820m high, rise about 2 miles SE and 5.5 miles S, respectively, of the point. A light is shown about 1.5 miles NE of the 359m peak.

General Remarks2.1 WindsWeather.The winds on the NW coast of Honshu, from Roguko Zaki to Tappi Saki, are generally calm from April to August, but from September to March, strong winds and rough seas are common. During the good weather season, clear days may be expected when the wind is between the N and W, while rain or fog usually accompanies an extended period with the wind between NE and SE. During July and August, E winds early in the morning followed by winds from the N after 1000 indicate good weather. Around the end of August, there may be a period of E winds which lasts for several days. TidesCurrents.The mean tidal rise of the ports in this sector is 0.3m at MHWS, and 0.2m at MHWN. The tidal currents are generally weak.

2.1

Tappi Saki to Henashi Saki

2.2 Tappi Saki (4115'N., 14021'E.) was previously described with Tsugaru Kaikyo in paragraph 1.47. The coast from Tappi Saki to Kodomari Misaki, about 8 miles SSW, is backed by high land. Kodomari Misaki is a bold promontory, faced on its W side by a red cliff, and rising to a densely-wooded hill, 230m high. Lights are shown from the NW and SW extremities of the promontory. A rock, with a depth of 8.5m, lies nearly 1 mile ENE of the NW end of Kodomari Misaki, and about 0.3 mile offshore. Kodomari Ko, open NW, is entered between Benten Saki, about 1.3 miles E of Kodomari Misaki, and Nanatsuishi Saki, about 1.3 miles farther ENE. Benten Saki is the extremity of a peninsula, 52m high. Nanatsuishi Saki rises to a pointed hill, 79m high, close SE; rocky shoals, on which there are abovewater rocks, up to 1.2m high, extend about 0.5 mile W of the point. A small fishing harbor lies on the SW corner of Kodomari Ko and is protected by North Breakwater and No. 2 East Breakwater. A light is shown from the head of each breakwater. An outer detached breakwater lies 0.15 mile E of No. 2 East Breakwater. There are depths of 11.9m in the harbor entrance, shoaling gradually to 4.9m, about 0.3 mile offshore. Anchorage.The harbor affords temporary anchorage for vessels which cannot proceed through Tsugaru Kaikyo due to strong E winds. Temporary anchorage to avoid winds from the2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

Otose Saki Light

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Ajigasawa Ko (Azigasawa Ko), a small fishing harbor, lies about 7 miles ENE of Otose Saki. Iwaki Yama rises to an elevation of 1,624m, about 9 miles SSE of Ajigasawa Ko; its summit has three peaks, the center one is highest. The coast between Otose Saki and Fukaura Ko, about 9.5 miles SW, is bordered by many rocks and dangers, and should not be approached within 1 mile. Torii Saki, about 2.8 miles WSW of Otose Saki, is 18m high and conspicuous; two islets lie off the point. Torri Saki Light is Pub. 159

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Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

Torii Saki Light shown from a round tower, 10m high. An auxiliary light, shown from the same position, illuminates reefs 0.15 mile NNW. Fukaura Ko (Hukaura Ko), a small port, is open NW and has many dangerous rocks and shoals in its approach. Henashi Saki (Henasi Saki) (4037'N., 13952'E.), about 3.5 miles farther WSW, is the W extremity of Fukaura Hanto and is marked by a light. Tsubaki San, a 60m hill at the point, appears as an islet from a distance and is very conspicuous from N or S. Caution.Kyuroku-jima (Kyuroku Shima) (4032'N., 13930'E.) consists of three above-water rocks, about 17 miles WSW of Henashi Saki, with other awash or sunken rocks in the vicinity. The W and largest rock, marked by a light, is about 57m long and 12.8m wide; it has two knobs, 6m high, and resembles a vessel from a distance. The other two above-water rocks lie about 0.1 mile ENE of the largest rock, and are 2m and 4m high, respectively. A pinnacle rock, awash, and a rock with a depth of 1.8m, lie about 0.2 mile SE and 0.3 mile NE, respectively, of the largest rock. The sea breaks on the sunken rock. A rock, with a depth of 5.2m, lies about 1 mile W of the largest rock of Kyuroku-jima, and a rock, with a depth of 4.1m, lies about 0.3 mile NE of the above 5.4m rock. The bank, on which all of the above dangers lie, has irregular depths and vessels should avoid the area. The edges of the bank fall suddenly to depths of over 200m.2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3

Henashi Saki to Nyudo Saki

2.4 Iwasaki Wan (4034'N., 13955'E.), on the S side of Fukaura Hanto, is open SW. Okino Se, with a depth of 7.3m, lies in the bay entrance. Iwasaki Ko, a fishing harbor, lies at the head of the bay. Pub. 159

Henashi Saki Light

Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

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mended. Pilots are available at position 4011.5'N, 13958.0'E. Vessels should wait or take shelter off Funakawa (3951'N., 13953'E.) anchorage if the weather is rough from the NW. Berthing and unberthing during daylight hours only. Two tugs are normally stationed at the port. Additional tugs will be brought from Akita when required, or hired from a construction company when available at Noshiro. Anchorage.Temporary anchorage can be taken off this coast, over a bottom, generally composed of sand. Caution is necessary to avoid the fishing nets. Kitaura Ko (3957'N., 13947'E.) is a small fishing harbor. The depths off the coast between Kitaura Ko and Nyudo Saki, about 5 miles WNW, are irregular and the bottom is foul for some distance offshore. Temporary anchorage during winds between the S and E can be obtained outside the line of the breakwater heads, in depths of 4 to 11m, sand, taking care to avoid fishing nets.2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

Oga Hanto2.6 Oga Hanto, with Nyudo Saki (4000'N., 13942'E.) at its NW extremity, is a remarkable mountainous peninsula. From a distance it appears as an island due to the low land and Hachiro Gata to the E of it. Hachiro Gata was the second largest lake in Japan, but 65 per cent of the original area has been reclaimed for rice cultivation. Hon Zan (Hon San), the highest and most conspicuous peak of the peninsula, attains an elevation of 731m, about 6.5 miles SSE of Nyudo Saki, and 1 mile inland; two white domes stand on its summit. The W side of Hon Zan is steep and appears copper-colored at a distance, but its E slope is gradual. Kampu Zan, with an elevation of 355m, lies about 6 miles ENE of Hon Zan, at the E end of Oga Hanto; it rises gradually from Hachiro Gata to three peaks, the E peak being the highest. Nyudo Saki rises to an elevation of 76m, about 0.5 mile S, then rises gently to Bangoyanomori, a conspicuous pointed peak, 149m high, about 1.5 miles farther S. A light is shown from the point. Mizu Shima, a reef awash, on which there are rocks 3.7m high, lies at the extremity of foul ground extending about 0.7 mile N of Nyudo Saki; a beacon on Mizu Shima is illuminated by an auxiliary light on Nyudo Saki. The sea breaks heavily on Mizu Shima during strong W winds; the current always sets N in the vicinity, and the sea also breaks with prevailing N winds. A boat channel, 7.9m deep, between Mizu Shima and Nyudo Saki, should not be attempted without local knowledge. From April to November, fixed fishing nets which extend nearly 2 miles are laid off the E side of Mizu Shima. Anchorage.Small vessels can obtain temporary anchorage on the E side of Nyudo Saki, sheltered from winds between the S and W, off the village of Hatake, which lies about 0.5 mile SSE of the point. A good anchorage, in 11 to 22m, mud and sand, lies with Nyudo Saki bearing 298, distant nearly 0.8 mile. The anchorage is difficult to reach due to fixed fishing nets.2.6 2.6 2.6

Iwasaki Ko Light Anchorage.This bay affords the best temporary anchorage in the area, sheltered from N through E winds by the high land on its N and E sides. Sugo Saki (4026'N., 13956'E.) rises about 1.3 miles inland to Ohachinagare Yama, a dark densely-wooded mountain, 638m high. A light is shown at Chigogi Saki, about 1 mile SSE of Sugo Saki. The fishing harbors of Iwadate Ko and Hachimori Ko lie about 2.5 and 4.5 miles SW, respectively, of Sugo Saki. O Shima, an islet, 10m high, lies near the coast about 0.8 mile SE of Hachimori Ko. The chimney of a steel plant is conspicuous on the coast close SE of O Shima.2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4

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2.5 Nosiro Ko (Noshiro Ko) (4013'N., 14001'E.), about 9.5 miles SSE of Sugo Saki, lies close S of the mouth of Yoneshiro Gawa (Yonesiro Kawa). The town of Nosiro (Noshiro) is situated on the S side of the harbor. A light is shown from the S side of the harbor, E of the harbor entrance. North and S breakwaters extend from the harbor entrance. Another light is shown close SW of the E harbor entrance. The fairway to the harbor is marked by lighted buoys and is dredged to a depth of 15m. DepthsLimitations.The public wharf has a length of 185m, a depth of 10m, and a 15,000 dwt capacity. Nakajima Pier No. 1 and Nakajima Pier No. 2 both have a length of 130m, a depth alongside of 7.5m, and a 5,000 dwt capacity. Aspect.The sandy coast from Nosiro Ko to Kitaura Ko, about 18.5 miles SSW, has depths of 20m between 1 and 2 miles offshore, shoaling gradually shoreward. The coast for about 8 miles NNE of Kitaura Ko consists of crumbling black cliffs not exceeding 61m in height. Then for about 4 miles farther NNE a strip of level sand hills separates the reclaimed N part of Hachiro Gato from the sea. Fixed fishing nets are laid in depths of up to 20m. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory, but strongly recom-

2.7 The W side of Oga Hanto is bordered by many abovewater rocks and is relatively steep-to, with depths of less than 30m no more than 0.5 mile offshore. Pub. 159

World Port Index No. 61910 2.8 Akita-Funakawa Ko (3950'N., 14000'E.), SE of Oga Hanto, consists of two districts, Funakawa Ku (formally Funakawa Ko) (3953'N., 13951'E.) (World Port Index No. 61920) to the NW, and Akita Ku (formally Akita Ko)(3945'N., 14004'E.) (World Port Index No. 61910) to the SE. The port is frequented by large tankers and lumber vessels. Funakawa Ku, open E to SW, affords the best shelter between Sado Shima and Tsugaru Kaikyo, when the Northwest Monsoon prevails. The waters of the inner harbor of Akita Ku are safe in winds from any direction, but entry is difficult for medium and large vessels in winter. The inner harbor of Akita Ku lies inside the former mouth of Omono Kawa. The latter river enters the sea through a channel, about 4 miles S of Akita Ku, constructed to divert the flow of the river. WindsWeather.Typhoons strike this area in summer and fall, and winter monsoons are violent. Typhoons, however, pass more rapidly and the strong winds are of short duration; whereas, winter monsoons frequently prevail for 3 or 4 days. The prevailing winds are ESE and SE from April to December, and NW and WNW in January and February. The mean wind velocity ranges from about 10 knots in January to about 6 knots in August. TidesCurrents.The tidal rise at Akita is 0.3m at MHWS and 0.2m at MHWN. The flood tidal current off Akita Ku sets NNW; the ebb tidal current sets SSE. Under the strong influence of the diurnal tide, the tide often changes only once a day, with a velocity of less than 0.5 knot. After a heavy rain, an outgoing current, with a velocity of about 2 knots, may occur at the entrance to the inner harbor at Akita Ku. DepthsLimitations.At Akita Ku, there are dredged depths of 13m in the approach channel, from between the heads of the N and S breakwaters to about 230m N of Old South Breakwater. From this point to about 0.2 mile NE of the root of Old South Breakwater, a depth of 10.6m can be carried. There are dredged depths of 12.8m alongside the S end of the reclaimed land S of the N breakwater. The channel leading to Nakashima Quay has a dredged depth of 11m. There is a minimum depth of 19m in the channel to the Funakawa dolphin berth (3951'N., 13952'E.) The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Akita-Funikawa KoBerthing Facilities.2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8

Nyudo Saki Light

2.7

2.7

Toga Ko, entered about 3 miles S of Nyudo Saki, provides shelter for small vessels with local knowledge. Nebuto Shima, 31m high, lies about 0.5 mile WNW of the N entrance point, and has the appearance of a peach from the N or S. Miya Shima, about 0.2 mile NW of the S entrance point, is 12.8m high and marked by a light; a flat rock, 7.3m high, lies close NW of Miya Shima. Kamoasa Wan, about 3 miles SSE of Toga Ko, provides temporary shelter to small vessels from N to E winds; a rock, 5.2m high, lies about 0.2 mile offshore near the head of the bay. Shioga Misaki (Shiose Saki) (3951'N., 13945'E.), the SW extremity of Oga Hanto, is flat-topped, conspicuous, and marked by a light. Hokake Shima, a rocky islet, 30m high, lies close E of Shioga Misaki; it resembles the sail of a local sailing boat when viewed from the E or W. Mikuri-jima consists of three rocks, about 1 mile E of Shioga Misaki; the outermost rock is 1.8m high and marked by a beacon, which is illuminated from a light on Tateyama Zaki, about 0.5 mile NW. Tsubaki Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies close NE of the latter point. Uno Saki, flat-topped, cultivated, and 32m high, lies about 3 miles E of Shioga Misaki; rocks, some above-water, extend about 0.2 mile SSE of the point. Minami Hirasawa lies about 1 mile ENE of Uno Saki. Neno Saki, a crumbling cliff, 40m high, lies 0.3 mile farther NE.

345m 200m 130m 130m 185m 185m 185m 260m

South side of Public Wharf (in order from W to E) 3951.4'N, 13951.6'E

2.8

155m 185m

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

Aspect.Aka Ne, a rock with a depth of 2.6m, lies nearly 1 mile S of Minami Hirasawa (3952'N., 13951'E.). Aka Ne (3951'N., 13951'E.) is the S of several dangers which lie S of the oil refinery. These dangers, over which the sea breaks during SW winds, are covered by the red sector of Uno Saki Light. Aka Ne Nampo Lighted Buoy is moored 0.3 mile S of Aka Ne. A power cable, with a vertical clearance of 9m, crosses Akita-Funagawa Ko in position 3952'N, 13951'E. A lighted buoy is moored 0.2 mile NNE of Funakawa Breakwater Light, on the S side of shoal water. The tank farm at Funakawa is reported (2011) conspicuous. A red and white chimney, 101m high, stands at the Akita paper mill and is conspicuous from sea. Minawa-Hirasawa Breakwater extends 0.8 mile ESE and SE from a position 1.1 miles SW from the head of Funakawa Breakwater.

Akita Sea Berth Light, 31m high, is situated close E of Minawa-Hirasawa Breakwater. A submersible oil boom is situated at the berth; the berth is connected to the reclaimed land NW by a submarine oil pipeline. Lighted beacons are situated 183m NNW and 183m S of the sea berth light. A fog signal is sounded from the S lighted beacon. A conspicuous tower, 143m in height, stands W of the harbor office, in position 3944'N., 14904'E. A wave recorder lies about 0.5 mile S of the sea berth to which it is connected by a submarine cable. Ne Shima, 0.3m high, lies between Aka Ne and the point. Numerous other rocky patches lie between Aka Ne and the breakwater at Funakawa Ku. A white five-story office block, situated 1.1 miles NW of Funakawa Breakwater Light, is conspicuous. A harbor for small vessels, having depths of 2 to 3m, and a2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8

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Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

Two large fish heaven lie 2.5 miles and 4.5 miles W of the entrance to Akita Ku. A submerged pipeline extends about 1 mile offshore from a position about 1.3 miles NW of Omori Yama; four framework towers, marked by red lights, lie at the seaward end of the pipeline.

timber basin, lie farther N along the coast. Oibana Saki (3954'N., 13954'E.), about 2.5 miles NE of the oil refinery, is faced with a remarkable white cliff, 40m high, from which the land rises to Kampu Zan, about 2.3 miles NNW. The coast from Oibana Saki to Akita Ku, about 10 miles SE, consists of sandy beach free from dangers. It is backed by sand hills covered by grass and pine trees, inland of which arable land stretches to the foothills of the distant mountains, where Taihei San, the highest peak, reaches an altitude of 1,179m, about 12.5 miles E of Akita Ku. Three chimneys, the E and highest, with an elevation of 185m, are painted red and white and are conspicuous about 1.3 miles NE of the harbor entrance of Akita Ku. Three radio towers of the Harbor Office are conspicuous about 1.3 miles ESE of the head of Old South Breakwater. Omori Yama, 124m high, lies close to the coast, about 6 miles S of the entrance to Akita Ku, and is surmounted by four TV towers, marked by red lights. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory, but is recommended. Pilots for Akita Ku board in position 3947.5'N, 13958.3'E and are available during daylight hours only. Pilots are stationed at Akita Ku and can be contacted on VHF channel 16. Pilotage for Funakawa Ku is not compulsory. The pilot boards in position 3950.8'N, 13954.0'E. A vessel underway within the port will be instructed by the pilot to display certain flags of the International Code of signals to indicate the wharf to which it is proceeding. Anchorage.The quarantine anchorage for Akita Funakawa Ko is situated about 1.5 miles SE of the head of the breakwater at Funakawa Ku. Good anchorage can be taken in Funakawa Ku, in 8m, mud, with the head of the breakwater bearing 177, distant about 0.3 mile. Large vessels can obtain anchorage off Akita Ku, in 12.8m, fine sand, with the previously-described radio towers bearing 100, distant about 1.8 miles. Anchorage in greater depths can be taken farther offshore. Good anchorage for vessels under 1,000 grt can be taken, in 8m, with the head of Old South Breakwater bearing 350, distant about 0.2 mile. Anchorage for vessels with dangerous cargo will be designated in the outer harbor. Directions.Vessels bound for Funakawa Ku from the N round Oga Hanto at a safe distance, then pass SE of the lighted buoy moored S of Aka Ne, and E of the lighted buoy moored SE of the breakwater head. Approaching Akita Ku from the N, from a position about 2 miles S of Shioga Misaki, steer a course of 100 for the three chimneys of a power plant N of Akita. When a chimney, painted in red and white bands, and about 0.5 mile farther S, is sighted, steer for it. Approaching Akita Ku from the S, steer for Kampu Zan, bearing 000, until a chimney of a power plant at Akitu Ku is sighted. Alter course E when the chimney is abeam. Entry into Akita Ku is dangerous with prevailing NW winds. The end of the breakwater is difficult to see until close to it. Caution. An area prohibited to entry lies in the area S of the reclaimed land to the S of the refinery, extending 0.5 mile inside the harbor limit. Reference should be made to the appropriate chart.2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8

2.8

2.8

Akita-Funakawa Ko to Sakata Ko2.9 The coast between Akita-Funakawa Ko and Sakata Ko, about 51 miles SSW, has depths of over 20m about 1.5 miles offshore. Matsuga Saki Light (3930'N., 14003'E.) is shown about 15 miles S of Akita-Funakawa Ko.2.9

Matsuga Saki Light Honjo Ko (Honzyo Ko), about 7 miles farther S, lies in the mouth of Koyoshi Kawa; the river is only accessible to small boats. Honjo Light is shown from a hexagonal tower, 11m high, which stands 1 mile NNE of the river mouth. A light is also shown on the head of a breakwater on the N entrance point of the river. Sasamori Yama, surmounted by a clump of trees, rises to an elevation of 550m about 7 miles E of Honjo Ko. Hirasawa Ko, a small fishing harbor, sheltered by breakwaters, lies about 6.5 miles SSW of Honjo Ko. Lights are shown on the heads of the E breakwater and of the jetty. Anchorage.Temporary anchorage, sheltered from winds between the NE and SSW, can be taken, in depths of 7.3 to 10.1m, sand, about 0.5 mile offshore, abreast Hirasawa Ko. Konoura Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies about 3.3 miles SW of Hirasawa Ko. Konoura Ko Light is shown from a square tower, 11m high. The town of Kisakata, about 3 miles farther S, lies on Shiko2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9

Pub. 159

Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

41

Honjo Ko Light shi Hana, a low, sparsely wooded headland, rising to a hill, 11m high at its NW end. Kisikata Ko lies between the NW and SW extremities of the headland, and consists of a N and S cove for fishing vessels. A light is shown on the S end of the S breakwater. Mi Saki (3907'N., 13952'E.), about 5.5 miles S of Shiokoshi Hana, is 106m high and densely wooded. Ugo Mi Saki Light is shown from Mi Saki. It is the extremity of a spur extending from Chokai San, about 8.5 miles E. Aspect.Two radio towers, both fitted with parabolic antennae, stand 0.15 mile and 1.5 miles E, respectively, of Mi Saki. The W tower is reported conspicuous.2.9 2.9

Ugo Mi Saki Light

2.10 Chokai San (3906'N., 14004'E.), a conical mountain, 2,230m high, is snow-capped, except in August and September; its peak is often hidden by clouds. It can be seen for a great distance, and appears to have two peaks when viewed from the N and three peaks when viewed from S. Tobi Shima (3912'N., 13933'E.), a relatively flat-topped island, lies about 15 miles WNW of Mi Saki. There are three hills of almost equal height; the S hill is 71m high to the tops of the trees and Tobi Shima Light is shown from the N hill. The shore of the island consists of beaches of sand and shingle, fringed by drying rocks. The island is surrounded by rocky shoals, except off its SE side. Oshaku Shima, 76m high, is the N and largest of a group of rocks and islets about 1 mile W of the S extremity of Tobi Shima. The group is almost joined to Tobi Shima by rocky shoals. A reef, with a depth of 8.2m, lies at the N end of foul ground extending about 0.8 mile N of Tobi Shima. Futamata Shima,2.10 2.10

Tobi Shima Light Pub. 159

42

Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

5.6m high, and Okami Shima, 6.3m high, lie on this foul ground, about 0.4 mile NNE and N, respectively, of the N end of Tobi Shima. A rock, with a depth of 2.1m, lies about 0.2 mile NE of Futamata Shima, and a rock, with a depth of 4.5m, lies about 0.4 mile W of Okami Shima. Tobishima Hakuchi, the open bay on the SE side of Tobi Shima, has depths of over 20m about 0.2 to 0.25 mile offshore, and is sheltered from S to NW winds. Ebisumaisaki Hanto, a small peninsula, forms the SW part of the bay; a fishing harbor, formed by breakwaters, lies close NNW of the peninsula. Anchorage.Good anchorage can be taken, in 35m, sand, with the E extremity of Ebisumaisaki Hanto bearing 219, distant 0.35 mile. Small vessels with local knowledge can anchor closer in off the breakwaters of the fishing harbor. Caution.A large part of the bay consists of a rock bottom, covered with sand, which is not suitable for anchorage.2.10 2.10 2.10

2.11 Ara Saki (3904'N., 13952'E.), about 3 miles S of Mi Saki, is the N entrance point of Fukura Kawa, and is 19.5m high and grassy. A light is shown on the head of a small breakwater at the entrance point of the river. The coast from the mouth of Fukura Kawa to Sakata Ko, about 9 miles SSW, consists of a straight, sandy beach, backed by extensive undulating plains, with mountains rising about 13 miles inland.2.11

Sakata Ko (3856'N., 13949'E.)

World Port Index No. 61900 2.12 Sakata Ko, at the mouth of Mogami Gawa, is an important port for the distribution of rice, and the transshipment of lumber. The downtown area of Sakata, a commercial and industrial city, lies E of the port; there are numerous chimneys in and NW of the city.2.12

Sakata Ko Light

The port consists of a S part, at the mouth of Mogami Gawa, and a N part, about 2 miles NNE. The S, or main harbor, is separated from the river by training walls; the head of this harbor is connected to the river by a small lock. Breakwaters shelter the entrance which is open NNW. The N part is a basin sheltered by Kitako North Breakwater extending SW from reclaimed land, and another breakwater extending WNW from the coast. A dredged approach channel leads to a berth in its NE part.

TidesCurrents2.12 2.12

The tidal rise at Sakata is 0.3m at MHWS and MHWN. Tidal currents attain a maximum velocity of 1 knot. A noticeable N coastal current develops when SW winds prevail from the end of April through May.

DepthsLimitations2.12

WindsWeather2.12

The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Sakata KoBerthing Facilities.

AspectThe winter monsoon frequently turns into a snow storm blowing for days. There are 140 to 150 stormy days per year, 60 per cent of which occur from November through March. When a growing low pressure system originating in the sea of Japan moves to the Pacific Ocean across Honshu, the wind may abruptly shift from the E through SE to W through NW, causing a strong storm around Sakata Ko during the period from March through May. Fog seldom forms, and even when it does form, it usually lasts for only 4 or 5 hours. Sakata Ko Light (3857'N., 13949'E.) is shown about 1.3 miles NE of the entrance to Sakata Ko (S part). A radio tower, 60m high, with a parabolic antenna, is conspicuous about 2 miles SE of the above light. A light is shown on the head of N breakwater. Near the head of the S breakwater a light is shown from a tower. Hiwa San, a hill 32m high with a monument on its W part, is conspicuous about 1.5 miles ESE of the above-mentioned harbor entrance.2.12 2.12

2.12

Pub. 159

Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

43

Sakata KoApproaches2.12

Sakata KoOld Port by constructing new berths and warehouses as part of the public port development. The anchorage has been extended to allow vessels over 7m draft to berth.2.12

2.12

Lighted buoys mark the entrance to the dredged channel in the N basin. The port administration is increasing the facilities available

Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

Pilotage2.12

2.12

Pilotage is not compulsory. Pilots are available and board at the quarantine anchorage. It is recommended that large vessels use a pilot when entering or leaving port. Pilots are available at the quarantine anchorage from sunrise to sunset, for vessels requiring pilot services and can be contacted on VHF channels 12 and 16 (call sign: Sakata-ho-an) The Combined Port Affairs Building is situated close S of Hiwa San.

Anchorage2.12

2.12

2.12

The quarantine anchorage, with a radius of 0.27 mile, is centered about 1 mile NW of the head of North Breakwater at Sakata Ko (S part). This is a poor anchorage due to the continuous swell. Vessels usually berth, but when the sea is calm, good anchorage, sand bottom, can be obtained by 1,500 dwt vessels with drafts up to 4.6m inside the N breakwater of the S harbor. In bad weather, shelter can be taken in Tobishima Hakuchi, about 20 miles NW.

Caution2.12

2.12

Entry into the S harbor is difficult with large swells caused by prevailing W through NW winds. A sizeable area, specified for the setting of fish havens, has been established.

Hato Saki Light

Sakata Ko to Niigata Ko2.13 The coast from Sakata Ko to Kamo Ko (3846'N., 13944'E.), about 10.5 miles SSW, consists of a straight, sandy beach, backed by extensive undulating plains, with mountains rising about 13 miles inland. Kamo Ko is a small inlet sheltered by breakwaters. Ara Saki, 22m high, the W entrance point of Kamo Ko, is marked by a light. Three radio towers, marked by red lights, are conspicuous on the summit of a hill, about 1 mile E of Ara Saki. An aero light is shown between 0800 and 1930, at an elevation of 52m, from a position 5 miles NE of Kamo Ko. A fish haven is reported about 2 miles SW of the aero light. A hill, 307m high, is conspicuous about 0.5 mile inland, midway between Kamo Ko and Yura Ko, about 3.5 miles SW. Aneji Guri, a rock awash and steep-to, lies about 0.4 mile offshore, about 1.3 miles SW of Ara Saki. It is easily identified as the sea usually breaks on it. Yura Ko (3843'N., 13941'E.), 3.5 miles NE of Hato Saki, is a small fishing harbor protected by a breakwater, on the head of which a light is shown. Hakusan To, an islet rising to a conical hill, is 70m high, and connected to the coast SE by a bridge. Kuraizumi Iwa, a rock, 4.6m high, lies nearly 0.5 mile W of Hakusan To, off the harbor entrance. Obato Wan, about 3 miles SW of Yura Ko, provides temporary anchorage, sheltered from E through S winds, to vessels with local knowledge. Hato Saki, the W entrance point of the bay, is marked by a light and bordered by shoals. Ryutoan Shima, 3.7m high and marked by a light, lies nearly 0.5 mile W of Hato Saki. The channel between the islet and the coast has2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13

Ryutoan Shima Light depths over 11m and is used by small local vessels. 2.14 The coast from Obato Wan to the mouth of Miomote Kawa (3814'N., 13927'E.), about 28 miles SSW, is backed by mountains and mainly rocky and steep-to, with some abovewater rocks lying close inshore. A railway runs along this coast at a short distance inland. Two radio towers, marked by red obstruction lights, stand about 4.5 miles SSW of Obato Wan. Atumi Take, 736m high and pointed, is conspicuous about 2 miles E of the N radio tow2.14

Pub. 159

Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

er. Nezugaseki, a small artificial harbor, lies about 8.5 miles SSW of Obato Wan. Benton Shima, a dark rocky islet connected to the SW side of the harbor by reclaimed land, is 45m high to the top of a radio tower on its summit, and shows up well from the N or S. The islet is connected to the coast ESE by a breakwater; a light is shown from its SW end. A reef, with a rock, 1.5m high, at its W end, extends about 0.1 mile W of Benton Shima.2.14

45

O-Asahi Dake (3815'N., 13956'E.) rises to an elevation of 1,870m, about 22 miles E of the mouth of Miomote Kawa. The coast from the mouth of Miomote Kawa (3814'N., 13927'E.) to Niigata Ko (East Harbor), about 18 miles SW, consists of sandy beach, broken by rivers, and backed by hills about 5 miles inland. Senami Hakuchi, off the entrance to Miomote Kawa, provides good anchorage, in 5.5 to 9m, mud, within 0.5 mile offshore. Iwafune Ko, a small port, lies about 3 miles farther SSW. Iwafune Ko Light is shown about 0.4 mile N of the port, and a round hill, 74m high, is conspicuous nearly 0.5 mile N of the port. The harbor consists of a basin protected by the West Breakwater, which extends 0.5 mile SW from the W side of the entrance to Ishi Kawa. A light is shown from East Groyne, which extends WNW from the shore 0.2 mile S of Ishi Kawa entrance. A detached No. 2 West Breakwater extends 0.2 mile SW from a position 183m SW of West Breakwater and No. 2 East Groyne extends 0.25 mile WNW from the shore, 0.25 mile S of East Groyne. A light is shown from its head. Other lights are also shown from the head of West Breakwater and from both ends of No. 2 West Breakwater. Gagyu San, a round densely-wooded hill, 135m high and isolated, lies about 3 miles NE of Iwafune Ko, and is conspicuous from the SW. Kosagi San, 966m high, rises about 10 miles ESE of Iwafune Ko. Washigasu Yama, 1,093m high, about 5 miles NNE of Kosagi San, has twin summits, one pointed and the other round. Ninoji Dake (Ninozi Take) (3754'N., 13930'E.) rises to an elevation of 1,421m, about 15 miles ESE of Niigata Ko (East Harbor).2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15

Nezugaseki Light2.14

2.14

2.14

The harbor is sheltered N by a W breakwater and rocks extending N from Benten Shima, and by an E breakwater extending SW from reclaimed land in the NE part of the harbor. The navigable channel between the heads of the breakwaters is about 45m wide and open N. In winter, heavy seas penetrate the harbor and make entry difficult. A detached breakwater protects the harbor entrance. The general depths in the harbor are about 4.9m, with sandy bottom, providing good anchorage. A pier, on the NE side of the harbor, has a berth 145m long, with depths of 2.6 to 3.6m alongside. Gas San rises to an elevation of 1,980m, about 22 miles E of Nezugaseki Ko. Hokotate Iwa, a steep-sided rock, 68m high, lies about 4.5 miles SSW of Nezugaseki Ko. 2.15 Oshima Saki (3823'N., 13927'E.), about 6 miles farther SSW, rises to a steep hillock. O Shima, a brown, rocky islet, 11.9m high, lies off the point. Budo Yama, 795m high, and Shimbo Dake, 852m high, are conspicuous about 4 miles E and 3.5 miles SE, respectively, of Oshima Saki.

2.15

2.16 Awa Shima (3827'N., 13915'E.) lies about 10 miles WNW of Oshima Saki. Koshiba Yama, 265m high, the summit of the island, rises a little S of the center of the island; a light is shown from Koshiba Yama. Detached reefs lie within 0.4 mile of the W coast, but the E coast is almost clear of dangers. Tori Saki, the NE end of the island, is 58m high. A reef, with a depth of 6.7m, lies about 0.5 mile N of Tori Saki, and Tode Guri, with a depth of 1.8m, lies about 0.2 mile WSW of the reef. Engaiyama, a rock 0.5m high, lies about 0.4 mile NW of the N end of the island. Many rocks lie within 0.5 mile of the N end of the island. Hachiman Hana, the SW extremity of Awa Shima, is 75m high. It is bordered by foul ground; the outermost danger is a reef, with a depth of 5.8m, about 0.4 mile SSW of the point. Awashima Hakuchi is an open roadstead in the N part of the E side of Awa Shima; it is sheltered from W winds and is a better anchorage than Tobishima Hakuchi. Okinohata Saki, an islet, 12.8m high, lies close offshore, about 1 mile SSW of Tori Saki. Uchiura, about 0.5 mile farther SSW, is fronted by a fishing harbor, sheltered by breakwaters, in the SW part of Awashima Hakuchi. Anchorage.Good anchorage can be taken, in 14 to 21m, with Okinohata Saki bearing 354, and with the N end of the outer breakwater at Uchiura bearing about 255. Small vessels with local knowledge can anchor inside the line between the E end of Tori Saki and Okinohata Saki.2.16 2.16 2.16 2.16

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Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

locity is about 10.5 knots in January, and the mean minimum velocity is about 6 knots in July. Winter is cloudy and snowy, with monsoons. The monsoons occur in 3 to 6 day cycles. From late winter to early spring, there are strong SW to W winds caused by a low originating in the South China Sea and developing in the Sea of Japan. The period from May to October is relatively calm, although a typhoon may occur from July through December.

Niigata Ko (3755'N., 13903'E.)

World Port Index No. 61870 2.17 Niigata Ko consists of two sections. Nishi Ku is located at the mouth of Shinano Gawa (Sinano Kawa) and Higashi Ku, an artificial inlet, lies about 8 miles ESE. Breakwaters shelter the entrances to both harbors. The city of Niigata is built on either side of the mouth of Shinano Gawa; many factories are situated on the E side of the river, and government and business offices are situated on the W side. Agano Gawa enters the sea about 3 miles E of Nishi Ku. A light is shown from a round tower, 15.8m high, on the E side of the entrance to Agano Kawa. An area in which fishing nets are set is situated 1.75 miles NE of the mouth of Agano Kawa. Shinano Gawa is the largest river in Japan, and its basin is mostly flat plain, which has flooded regularly in the past. Nishi Ku is subject to silting. Depths at the mouth of the river are subject to silting, due to the Northwest Monsoon and the flood period. Several small breakwaters are constructed near the mouth of Shinano Gawa.2.17 2.17

2.17

TidesCurrents2.17

The tidal rise at Niigata is 0.3m at MHWS, and 0.2m at MHWN.

The tidal currents at Niigata set NE-SW at a velocity of less than 0.5 knot. The velocity is generally higher near the river mouth, attaining a velocity of 1 knot; it attains a velocity of 1.75 knots at the surface, and 0.2 knot at 4 to 6m below the surface. A current sets E from the end of the East Breakwater.2.17 2.17

DepthsLimitations2.17

WindsWeather2.17

Northwesterly winds prevail during the winter in the vicinity of Niigata. From April through October, S winds are frequent, gradually shifting to W in November. The mean maximum ve-

2.17

The channel to Niigata Ko inner harbor is maintained to a least depth of 10.5m for a distance of about 2.5 miles from the outer harbor. The principal bething facilities are described in the table titled Niigata KoBerthing Facilities.

An oil production platform lies 14 miles NE from Agano Kawa and is connected by a pipeline to the shore close WSW of Higashi Ku. A chimney, painted in red and white bands and marked by red obstruction lights, is conspicuous at an elevation of 208m, about 0.8 mile ESE of the head of East Breakwater. A similar chimney, with an elevation of 165m, lies about 0.2 mile farther SW. Oil tanks are conspicuous on either side of the outer basin. An oil drilling platform, marked by lights, lies about 6.5 miles WNW of the entrance to East Harbor. An aviation light at Niigata Airport, about 1 mile WSW of the mouth of Agano Gawa (3758'N., 13908'E.), is visible for a great distance. Agano Gawa Light and Matsuga Sakihama Light are shown on the E side of the mouth of Agano Gawa. West Breakwater No. 1 projects 2 miles NNE from the N corner of reclaimed land. A light is shown near the breakwater head. A detached breakwater lies close-to and parallel to the coast SW. East Breakwater No. 2 extends 0.4 mile NW from a position 0.75 mile NE of the root of East Breakwater No. 1. Pub. 159

2.17

2.17

2.17

Niigata Ko

48

Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

entry as soon as the pilot boat is seen. A vessel entering Nishi Ku in winter should approach from the NNW of West Breakwater, remaining clear of the detached breakwater. With an approach from the NNE of West Breakwater, strong NW winds and the river current may set the vessel toward East Breakwater and the shoal water on the E side of the entrance.

PilotagePilotage is not compulsory, but is advisable for vessels berthing. Pilots are available between sunrise and sunset and board in the following positions: 1. Niigata 3758.4'N, 13902.5'E. 2. Niigata East 3800.7'N, 13911.7'E. 3. Niigata Outer Harbor 3802.2'N, 13914.3'E. A berthing master boards vessels berthing at the offshore pipeline berth NE; the pilot remains on board during the vessels stay.

2.17

2.17

Caution2.17

Signals2.17

The harbor is subject to silting, and constant dredging is necessary. The fairway has been dredged, but the depth is liable to change, and a pilot should be taken.

2.17

2.17

2.17

Vessel movements in Niigata Ko are controlled by signals shown from the signal station. The light signals are shown day and night; by day, the alternative signal may be used. The signal station, near the root of West Breakwater, displays navigation, anchoring, berthing, and weather signals. Vessels should retain onboard the most recent edition of Japan Maritime Safety Laws and Regulations, obtainable through the Japanese Coast Guard. This publication should be kept as a reference for signal station communiques and their meanings, appropriate signals, and other local or specific regulations. The Combined Port Affairs Building is situated near the foot of Central Wharf. No movements of vessels are permitted in the harbor between sunset and sunrise without special authorization from the Captain of the Port.

Sado Shima2.18 Sado Shima (Sado Shima) (3800'N., 13825'E.) lies W of Niigata Ko and is separated from the mainland by Sado Kaikyo, a deep strait, with a least width of about 17 miles. The S and E sides of the island are comparatively steep-to and there are no dangers beyond about 0.5 mile offshore. The W side is backed by eroded cliffs, and fringed by reefs extending up to 1 mile offshore in places. Two ranges of mountains run parallel with and a short distance from the SE and NW coasts of the island, respectively, with a cultivated valley between them. Viewed at a distance from the NE or SW, Sado Shima appears to be two islands. Sado Shima is reported to be a good radar target at 18 miles. Kimpoku San (Kinpoku San) (3806'N., 13821'E.), 1,173m high, lies about 16 miles SSW of Haziki Saki (Hajiki Sake), the N extremity of the island, and is the highest peak in the NW range. Ochi Yama, 646m high, about 2.5 miles NNW of Konose Hana (3755'N., 13830'E.), is the highest peak in the SE range. Ryotu Wan, in the NE part of the island, and Mano Wan, in the SW part of the island, provide good shelter.

2.18

Anchorage2.17

2.17

2.17

The Quarantine Anchorage lies NW of West Breakwater (West Harbor). Anchorage can be taken, in about 30m, about 1 mile N of the entrance to Higashi Ku. Vessels waiting to enter port in a heavy sea should be careful not to drag their anchors, and should keep their engines on standby. In bad weather, it is recommended that vessels seek shelter at Sado Shima.

2.18

Sado ShimaEast Side

2.19 Haziki Saki (3820'N., 13831'E.), the N extremity of Sado Shima, is marked by a light; foul ground extends about 0.5 mile N of the point. Washizaki Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies close S of the point. A light is shown from Miyano Saki, about 7 miles farther S.

Directions2.17

Entry and departure routes at Nishi Ku are one way; vessels must enter quickly. Vessels should weigh anchor for immediate

One red flash every 2 seconds or one black square

One red flash every 2 seconds

Pub. 159

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49

Niigata KoSignals Designation Free signal Day signal One red flash and one white flash every 3 seconds or two black cones, points together. Night signal One red flash and one white flash every 3 seconds Meaning Inbound vessels of 500 grt or more (in the case of oil tankers, 300 grt or more) shall wait outside Nishi Ku. Outbound vessels of the same shall not move but wait. The traffic is prohibited except for vessels permitted by the Captain of the Port

Prohibition signal

Three red flashes and three white flashes every 6 seconds or the combination of two black cones (points together) and one red flag

Three red flashes and three white flashes every 6 seconds

Ryotu Wan2.20 Ryotu Wan (Ryotsu Wan) is entered between Hime Saki (3805'N., 13834'E.) and Wakino Misaki, about 6.5 miles NW. Hime Saki, marked by a light, is bordered by abovewater and sunken rocks extending about 0.2 mile offshore; Ryuo Shima, 21m high, lies about 0.5 mile E of the point. The shores of the bay are obstructed by a large number of fish traps and fish farm installations extending up to 1 mile offshore; these are unlit at night, poorly marked by day, and afford only weak radar responses. Ryotu Ko (3805'N., 13834'E.) (World Port Index No. 61890) lies at the head of Ryotsu Wan, at the entrance to Kamo Ko, a saltwater lagoon. Ryotu Ko is protected by North Breakwater, which extends 0.35 mile SE from a position nearly 0.6 mile N of the entrance to Kamo Ko, and by South Breakwater, which extends 0.8 mile SE from near the head of North Breakwater and from a white tower, 9m high, at the head of South Breakwater. A short detached breakwater lies 100m E of the head of North Breakwater; a light is shown from each. During strong NE winds, the swell penetrates the harbor. DepthsLimitations.Most of the harbor installations lie on each side of the entrance to Kamo Ko, which is spanned by three bridges. Berths in the harbor are, as follows: 1. North Wharf, close N of the entrance to Kamo Ko, comprises Berth No. 1 and Berth No. 2, with depths from 3.6 to 5.4m alongside. 2. South Wharf, the principal commercial wharf, close S of the entrance to Kamo Ko, comprises Berth No. 2 to Berth No. 8, 49m to 200m in length, with depths of 4.2 to 7.5m. Aspect.The reclamation extends NE from the shore to within 0.1 mile of South Breakwater. A light is shown on a short breakwater at the NE corner. A tower, which marks the intake of a water pipeline, stands 0.2 mile S of the S end of South Breakwater; a light is shown from the tower. Conspicuous at the wharf off the S side of the entrance to Kamo Ko is a four-story yellow building, 21m high. A pier for tankers and several buoys lie about 2 miles N of the harbor. Anchorage.Ryotu Ko provides safe anchorage, sheltered from all winds except those between the N and E. Anchorage can be taken, in about 20m, fine sand, in the area NNE to E of the head of the breakwater, distant about 0.5 mile. Large ves2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20

sels can anchor, in depths of 25 to 45m, sand and shell, with the head of the breakwater bearing between 220 and 260, distant between 1 and 1.5 miles. Approaching the anchorage between these bearings will ensure clearing the fishing nets and other obstructions. Vessels of medium size can anchor within 0.5 mile of the detached breakwater light, between the bearings of 195 and 270, in depths of 14 to 27m, fine sand, good holding ground. Lights are shown from Joga Hana and Konose Bana, about 4 and 10 miles SSW, respectively, of Hime Saki. A radio tower, painted silver, with an altitude of 605m, stands on the summit of Ogami Yama, about 2 miles WNW of Konose Bana. Akadomori Ko, a small port, protected by breakwaters, lies about 5 miles SW of Konose Bana. Good anchorage, sheltered from NNW winds, can be taken, in 7m, fine sand, good holding ground, about 0.2 mile offshore. A fish haven is reported close NE of the port. Ogi Ko, about 7 miles farther WSW, is divided into two parts by a peninsula surmounted by Shiro Yama, a small hill. A breakwater extends SE from the peninsula; rocky reefs lie E of the breakwater. The W part of the harbor is a fishing zone, and the E part is only available to small vessels with local knowledge.2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20

Sado ShimaWest Side

2.21 Sawazaki Bana (Sawa Saki) (3749'N., 13813'E.), the SW extremity of Sado Shima, is marked by a light. The coast for about 2.5 miles NE of Sawazaki Bana is bordered by rocks extending up to 0.4 mile offshore. Mano Wan is entered between Tagirisu Bana, about 6 miles NE of Sawazaki Bana, and Daiga Hana, about 3.8 miles farther NNW. Depths in the entrance to the bay are 40m, shoaling towards its head. The bottom is mostly sand. Mano Wan provides good anchorage in NE winds; during SW winds, heavy seas run into the bay. Daiga Hana (3758'N., 13815'E.), the NW entrance point of Mano Wan, is marked by a light. Okinoe Guri, a pinnacle rock, with a depth of 2.5m, lies at the outer end of foul ground extending about 0.5 mile SSW of the point. Futamata Iwa, two rocks, the highest 17.1m high, lies on this foul ground, about 0.3 mile SW of Daiga Hana. Futami Ko (Hutami Ko), about 0.8 mile NNE of Daiga Hana, is sheltered by a breakwater extending E, and marked by a light. Sawane Ko, situated in the NW corner of Mano Wan, 1.752.21 2.21 2.21 2.21

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Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

Kame Hana and Haziki Saki, about 2.5 miles ENE. Futatsugame, an islet 67m high, lies close offshore, midway between the points. Todo Shima, 4.6m high, lies about 0.8 mile NE of the islet.

miles N of Futami Ko, is a small harbor protected by a breakwater. A light is shown from the breakwater head. A light is shown from the head of a breakwater, on the E side of Mano Wan, 4 miles E of Daiga Hana. Gakeno Hana, a white cliff, 33m high, is conspicuous about 1 mile farther N. A bank, with depths of less than 4.9m, extends up to 0.8 mile W of Gakeno Hana. A detached breakwater, marked by a light at its E end, extends to about 0.7 mile E of Gakeno Hana. Daijoji Se, with a depth of 2.2m and marked by a beacon, lies on the N part of the above bank, about 0.8 mile NE of Gakeno Hana.2.21 2.21

Niigata Ko to Naoetsu Ko2.24 The coast between Niigata Ko and Kakuda Misaki (3747'N., 13849'E.), about 15 miles SW, consists of sandy beach, backed by hills, about 30m high and covered with pine trees. Four Loran towers are conspicuous about 4 miles SW of the entrance to Niigata Ko. A light is shown about 5.5 miles SW of these towers. A submarine cable projecting NNE lies about 1 mile SW of the light. Kakuda Misaki, marked by a light, is a spur of Kakuda Yama, 482m high and conical, about 1 mile ESE. The coast between Kakuda Misaki and the mouth of Shin-Shinano Gawa, about 8 miles SSW, is backed by mountains. Due to the large quantities of silt which are brought down, the sea is discolored in the vicinity of the mouth of Shin-Shinano Gawa, and depths are liable to change, especially in winter and when the river is in spate. Yahiko Yama, 586m high, lies about 5 miles SSW of Kakuda Yama; it has two conical peaks, which appear as one from the N. Mizo Ko, a fishing harbor, lies about 3 miles SSW of Kakuda Saki. Teradomari Ko, a small harbor, lies about 1.5 miles S of the mouth of Shin-Shinano Gawa. A channel dredged to 4.9m leads from the harbor entrance to a cargo pier. The coast from Teradomari Ko to Shiiya Hana, about 11.5 miles SW, is mostly sand and shingle beach, and is foul up to nearly 0.5 mile offshore. Izumosaki Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies about 7 miles SW of Teradomari Ko; a light is shown about 0.4 mile NW. A fish haven lies 2 miles NW of Izumosaski Ko. Siiya Hana (Shiiya Hana) (3729'N., 13837'E.) is faced with a reddish cliff, and has a wooded summit; a light is shown from the point. A wooded summit, 357m high, is conspicuous about 5 miles E of Siiya Hana, in a range of hills, which lie parallel to the coast. Reefs extend about 0.4 mile off Siiya Hana. A tower, 87m high, painted in red and white bands and marked by red obstruction lights, lies about 3 miles S of Siiya Hana. The coast between Siiya Hana and Kashiwazaki Ko, about 8 miles SSE, consists of sand and shingle beach, backed by wooded hills, 120 to 150m high.2.24 2.24 2.24 2.24

2.22 The village of Sawane (3800'N., 13817'E.) lies near the shore farther N. The village of Kawaharada, about 4 miles NE of Daiga Hana, has a white monument, a large factory, and a white chimney in the area. The red roof of a factory building lies in the village of Shimmachi, about 4 miles E of Daiga Hana. Shioyano Se, with a least depth of 1.3m near its outer edge, extends about 0.8 mile W of a point lying close SW of the village. Anchorage.Anchorage can be taken in the following places: 1. Off Futami Ko, in 10.1m, sand, E of the breakwater head. 2. Off Sawane, in 9.2m, sand, with the beacon on Daijoji Se bearing 305, distant about 0.6 mile. 3. Off Kawarada, in 14 to 15m, sand, with the monument at Kawaharada bearing 035, distant about 0.8 mile. 4. Off Shimmachi and N of Shioyani Se, in 11 to 11.9m, sand, with the chimney at Shimmachi bearing 115, distant about 0.7 mile.2.22 2.22 2.22

2.23 Ao Shima, 10.1m high, lies about 0.7 mile WNW of Daiga Hana. Inakuziro Ko lies about 0.5 mile farther NW. Nagate Misaki, about 1.8 miles NW of Daiga Hana, is marked by a light. The coast between Nagate Misaki and Kasuga Saki, about 2.5 miles N, is bordered by dangers extending up to 0.5 mile offshore. Shiro Shima, 11.9m high, lies about 0.5 mile N of Nagate Misaki. Aikawa Wan, entered between Kasuga Saki and a point about 1.5 miles NNW, is open W, has bad holding ground, and is suited only for small vessels. Ichiri Shima, a black rock, 2.6m high and marked by a light, lies on the N side of the entrance, about 1 mile N of Kasuga Saki. Gasa Guri, a rock with less than 2m, lies nearly 0.5 mile N of Ichiri Shima. O Saki, about 4.5 miles NNE of Kasuga Saki, is marked by a light; O Shima, an islet, 11m high, lies about 0.2 mile off the point. Himezu Ko lies about 1 mile SSW of O Saki. Nyu Saki (3812'N., 13820'E.), about 7 miles NNE of O Saki, is marked by a light about 0.3 mile SE of the point. Takati Ko lies about 0.7 mile E of the point. A fish haven is reported to lie about 1 mile N of the point. Seki Misaki, about 5 miles NE of Nyu Saki, rises to an elevation of 137m; a light is shown on its summit. Ono-Kame Hana (3819'N., 13828'E.), about 5 miles farther NE, rises precipitously to an elevation of 167m; from a distance NE or SW, it appears as a detached rock. Foul ground extends up to 0.7 mile offshore between Ono2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23 2.23

2.25 Kashiwazaki Ko (3722'N., 13832'E.) is protected by West Breakwater extending NE then NNE, and by a groin extending NNW from the E side of the harbor. Kashiwazaki is a mining and industrial city. The fairway from the harbor entrance to the N side of Nakahama Wharf has been dredged to 10.1m, although depths in the fairway may be unreliable. Depths of 5.6 to 11.1m lie alongside Nakahama Wharf. East Wharf, West Wharf, and Central Wharf have alongside depths of 6 to 8m, 3 to 5.5m, and 4.3m, respectively. The coast between Kashiwazaki Ko and Yoneyama Saki, about 5 miles WSW, consists of steep cliffs of red clay; reefs extend up to 0.3 mile offshore. Yoneyama Saki (3719'N., 13826'E.) is conspicuous with its dark, black, rocky cliff contrasting with the red cliffs NE. It2.25 2.25 2.25

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Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

is a spur of Yone Yama, about 3 miles SE, which rises to an elevation of 993m, and is the highest peak in the vicinity. Yoneyama Saki is a good radar target at 20 miles. The coast from Yoneyama Saki to Naoetsu Ko, about 12 miles SW, consists mainly of sandy beach, backed by sand dunes about 30m high, with pine woods behind them in places. From seaward, this stretch of coast, which is steep-to except at either end, appears green in its upper part, and gray in its lower part; the mountains in the background appear light blue.2.25

51

2.26

2.26

2.26

Naoetsu Ko (3711'N., 13815'E.)

World Port Index No. 61865 2.26 Naoetsu Ko (Naoetu Ko) is a specified port situated close E of the mouth of Seki Kawa (Ara Kawa). Naoetu Ko is protected by breakwaters. West Breakwater extends 0.3 mile NNE from the E side of the mouth of the Seki Kawa, then 1.5 miles NE. A light is shown from close to its head. A training wall extends a short distance NNE from the W entrance point of the river. Another training wall extends 0.15 mile NNE from a position 91m SW of the W entrance point of the river; a light is shown from its head. East Breakwater, which is detached, extends 0.4 mile NE from a position 0.6 mile S of the head of West Breakwater; it is marked by a light at each end. A detached breakwater extends 0.25 mile seaward from near the shore 1 mile ENE of the harbor entrance; a light is shown2.26 2.26

from its head. A LNG thermal power station is under construction on the reclaimed land at the E section of the port. LNG vessels of up to 70,000 dwt will be accommodated at the new terminal, which is scheduled for completion in 2014. The harbor consists of two outer basins and an inner basin. West Wharf, at the root of West Breakwater, forms the SW side of the W basin. Central Wharf, farther NE, separates the W basin from the E basin. East Wharf lies farther NE. A light is shown on a short spur at the SW end of Central Wharf.

TidesCurrents2.26

The tidal rise at Naoetu Ko is 0.3m at MHWS and 0.2m at MHWN.

DepthsLimitations2.26

The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Naoetsu KoBerthing Facilities.

Aspect2.26

Five tanks stand near the root of West Breakwater. Six aluminum silos, close S of West Wharf, at the root of W breakwater, are conspicuous from a distance. An unloader is conspicuous on the wharf.

Naoetsu Ko to Yama Wan

2.27 The coast between Naoetsu Ko and the mouth of Hime Kawa, about 22 miles WSW, is low and backed by densely-wooded mountains. Rocks lie up to 0.5 mile offshore along this coast. Mushiu Hana, about 2.8 miles WSW of Naoetu Ko, is bordered by reefs, the outermost danger being Fufu Iwa, consisting of two rocks, the N rock, 1.9m high, about 0.5 mile. A radio tower, with an elevation of 300m and silver-colored, lies about 3.5 miles WSW of Naoetsu Ko.2.27 2.27 2.27

Naoetsu Ko from SE2.26

2.27

2.26

2.26

2.26

There are numerous chimneys standing SE of the harbor. The highest chimney stands close E of the port and is 156m high. Another chimney, with an elevation of 123m and painted in red and white bands, lies about 1 mile ESE of West Wharf. A power plant chimney, with an elevation of 35m, lies about 0.8 mile ENE of West Wharf; the power plant burns waste gas and sometimes emits flames. A radio tower, 71m high and painted red and white, stands on the roof of a building, 2 miles SSW of West Breakwater Light. The tower is marked by a red light. Beacons, showing blue, white, and yellow lights, about 1.3 miles SW of the mouth of Seki Kawa, mark a submarine cable landing; the lights can be seen from 8 miles offshore.

2.27

2.27

Torigakubi Saki (3710'N., 13806'E.), about 7.5 miles W of Naoetu Ko, is marked by a light and rises to a hill, 314m high, about 1 mile SE. Nadachi, a small fishing harbor, lies on the W side of the point. Me Guri, a rock with a depth of 1.5m, lies about 0.2 mile N of Torigakubi Saki. The mountains backing this coast are densely wooded and of a uniform color. Clouds and fog occasionally cover parts of the mountains in May and June, and white clouds hide the peaks in summer; however, clouds and fog usually dissipate towards sunset. Hiuchi Yama (Hiuti Yama), 2,462m high, lying about 15 miles S of Torigakubi Saki, with Myoko San and Yake Yama, are the highest mountains in the area. Caution is necessary to avoid fishing nets which are laid up to 2 and 3 miles offshore between Torigakubi Saki and Ikuji Hana, the E entrance point of Toyama Wan. Tsutsuishi Ko and Nou Ko (No Ko) are small fishing harbors, about 3 and 6 miles SW, respectively, of Torigakubi Saki.

Pilotage2.26

2.26

Pilotage is not compulsory but is available. the pilot boards near the quarantine anchorage and can be contacted on VHF channel 16. A tugboat or work boat is used as a pilot boat. Pilotage is available during daylight hours only. The harbor office is situated on the S side of the inner harbor.

Anchorage2.26

Large vessels anchor outside of West Breakwater. The quarantine anchorage, with a radius of about 0.4 mile, is centered about 1.3 miles NW of the mouth of Seki Kawa; it has depths of 15.7 to 25m, sand, good holding ground. Small vessels can anchor, in a depth of about 9.2m, on the inner side of East Breakwater. A fish haven lies 1 mile N of West Breakwater Light.

2.28 Himekawa Ko (3702'N., 13751'E.) (World Port Index No. 61862), protected by breakwaters, lies about 0.4 mile E of the mouth of Hime Kawa, and is a local port. A shingle bar obstructs the mouth of Hime Kawa and can only be crossed by small vessels in good weather. The depth in the channel is 9m; the draft limitation is 8.2m. DepthsLimitations.The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Himekawa KoBerthing Facilities. Pilotage.Pilots are available from Naoetsu and Niigata upon request. The pilot will board at the harbor entrance. Vessels may berth during daylight hours only. No tugs are stationed at the port. Anchorage.Anchorage may be taken about 0.5 mile NNE of the E breakwater light, in depths of 22 to 23.8m.2.28 2.28 2.28

Directions2.26

Naoetu Ko is entered between West Breakwater and the W end of East Breakwater. The head of West Breakwater should be given a wide berth.

2.29 The coast between the mouth of Hime Kawa and Miyazaki, about 12 miles WSW, is low, steep-to, and backed by mountains. Kurohime Yama, conical and rising to an elevation of 1,222m, is somewhat conspicuous about 4.5 miles SW of the mouth of Hime Kawa.

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Miyazaki Hana (3658'N., 13735'E.) is easily recognized, as the land rises gradually from it to the mountains inland, and it lies at the E end of the delta of Kurobe Kawa. A light is shown from the point and from the head of a breakwater close NW. An illuminated radio tower, with an elevation of 310m, stands about 0.8 mile SSW of the point. Okino Shima, 0.8m high, is the outermost of three rocks extending nearly 0.5 mile N of Miyazaki Hana; a rock, drying 0.3m, lies about 0.1 mile NNE of Okino Shima, and a depth of 5.5m lies about 137m farther NNE. The coast between Miyazaki Hana and Ikuji Hana, about 10 miles WSW, is the delta of Kurobe Kawa. It is fringed with beaches of shingle and scattered boulders, backed by villages and pine woods, with cultivated land behind. Kurobe Kawa has a shifting bar, on which the sea breaks with onshore winds; it is accessible to boats only in good weather.

53

2.29

2.29

2.29

There are suitable depths for anchoring on both sides of the deep gullies. Many fixed fishing nets lie within depths of 200m in the bay. Vessels planning to stop at various ports in the bay should first proceed out beyond the area of fishing nets and turn toward shore only after arriving directly off the next port. The water may turn yellow in spring during the thaw and make it difficult to see the fishing net buoys. East of Fushiki there are numerous towns and villages separated by stretches of pine forests; there are also many small fishing ports. The coast is backed by fertile land extending some distance inland. From the middle of the bay entrance, undulating mountain ranges appear to border the bay entrance. A light is shown on Ikuji Hana.2.30 2.30 2.30

Toyama Wan2.30 Toyama Wan is entered between Ikuji Hana (Ikuzi Hana) (3654'N., 13725'E.) and Otomari Hana, about 17.5 miles WNW. The bay lies SE of Noto Hanto, a large peninsula. Fushiki-Toyama Ku occupies most of the S shore of the bay. The coast of the bay east of Fushiki (Husiki) (3647'N., 13704'E.) consists of sand and pebble beach, deepening rapidly to depths of 100 to 200m, about 1 mile to 2 miles offshore. Several rapid rivers flow into the bay along this coast. There are sand bars at the mouths of these rivers, but in their approaches there are deep submarine gullies. The positions of these gullies can be identified by the deep blue color of the sea, except when the rivers are in flood, when the sea becomes muddy; the muddy water extends up to 8 miles offshore when the rivers are in flood and the deeps may not be easily detected.2.30

Four chimneys of a power plant are conspicuous nearly 0.5 mile WSW of the mouth of Jinzu Gawa (3645'N., 13713'E.); the chimneys are 162m high, painted in red and white horizontal bands, and marked by red lights. A chimney, 102m high, also painted in red and white horizontal bands and marked by red lights, is conspicuous about 0.2 mile farther WSW. A chimney, 75m high, painted in red and white bands and marked by red lights, is conspicuous about 1 mile ESE of the entrance to Toyama Ku.2.30

2.30

2.30

Shiro Yama (Siro Yama), a hill, 145m high, is conspicuous nearly 5 miles SW of the mouth of Jinzu Gawa. Numerous chimneys surround Shimminato Ku, some exhibiting red obstruction lights. The highest are two chimneys of a power plant, about 1.3 miles SSE of the head of E breakwater; the chimneys have elevations of 223 and 163m. The chimney of a steel plant is conspicuous about 0.5 mile SSW of the entrance to Fushiki Ku; the chimney is 25m high, and belches white and black smoke.

North Wharf No. 1 Pier

2.30

2.30

Numerous oil tanks stand on the reclaimed land between the mouth of Oyabe Gawa and the root of the E breakwater at Kokubu Ko, about 0.5 mile NW. Hachibuse Yama, 211m high and surmounted by a Buddhist shrine, lies about 1.5 miles W of Fushiki. Futagami Yama (Hutagami Yama), 273m high, lies about 0.5 mile farther SW. Iwasakino Hana, a conspicuous headland, is located on the

coast NE of Hachibuse Yama; a light is shown nearly 0.5 mile SE of the headland. Sekido San, 565m high and cone-shaped, is very conspicuous about 4 miles W of Otomari Hanto, and is the highest mountain on the W side of Toyama Wan. Lighted buoys mark Kokubo Passage, Fushiki Passage, Shimminato Passage, and the W side of Toyama Passage.2.30 2.30

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Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

rainy days per month from December through February. The winter monsoons are somewhat weakened by the protection of Noto Hanto. At Fushiki, the prevailing winds are SW from October to March; they diminish somewhat in April and May. In June, winds between the N and NE prevail. From July to September, SW winds are dominant, with a lesser number from the NE. The average wind speed is about 5.3 knots. Land and sea breezes are prominent, especially in the summer.2.31

2.30

2.30

2.30

Kurobe Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies about 0.5 mile SE of Ikuji Hana. Kyoden Ko, another small fishing harbor, lies about 2.5 miles farther S. Uozo Ko, a small local port, lies about 2 miles SSW of Koyden Ko; its auxiliary port lies about 0.5 mile farther S. Namerikawa Ko and Mizuhashi Ko, small fishing harbors, lie about 3.5 and 6 miles SW, respectively, of Uozu Ko.

Fushiki-Toyama Ku (3646'N., 13708'E.)

World Port Index No. 61850 2.31 Fushiki-Toyama Ku, one of the most important trading and industrial ports on the NW side of Honshu, consists of an outer harbor and an inner harbor. Four passages (Toyama, Shimminato, Fushiki, and Kokubo) lead through the outer harbor. The inner harbor consists of Toyama Ku, close E of the mouth of Jinzu Gawa (Zinzu Kawa); Shinminato Ku, about 5 miles W; Fushiku Ku, about 2.5 miles farther WNW, in the mouth of Oyabe Kawa; and the fishing harbors of Shimminato, and Kokubu Ku, lying E and W, respectively, of Fushiki Ku. The harbor fronts the cities of Toyama, Shimminato (Sinminato), and Takaoka. The town of Higashi-Iwase lies on the E side of Toyama Ku, and is connected by a barge canal to the city of Toyama.

TidesCurrents2.31

2.31

2.31

WindsWeather2.31

The weather is typical of the NW side of Honshu, with 25

The tidal rise at Fushiki is 0.3m at MHWS, and 0.2m at MHWN. Heavy swells penetrate Fushiki-Toyama with strong N and NE winds; it is very calm with winds from other directions. In winter on a fairly calm day, a sudden onset of high waves, with heights of 3.1 to 4.9m and intervals of 10 to 12 seconds, has occurred, and continuing for over a half day, caused damage along the coast at the head of Toyama Wan. These waves often appear after a low pressure system passes from W to E in the N part of the Sea of Japan (or S of Sakhalin), or moves N along the S coast of the Japanese islands. The phenomenon takes place because even after a low pressure system passes through and Toyama Wan is no longer in the area of strong winds, it is affected by the aftermath in the form of storm swells, which are amplified as they near the head of the bay, due to the topography of the bay bottom and by the cur-rents in the area.

Banks, with depths of less than 10m, separated by a deep submarine gully, lie on each side of the harbor entrance. An offshore pipeline berth, consisting of a large lighted mooring buoy, painted in red and white stripes, is moored about 1.5 miles N of the entrance to Toyama Ku; it can accommodate tankers up to 200,000 dwt in a depth of 27.1m. Shinminato Ku (Sinminato Ku), the entrance channel, sheltered by breakwaters, has dredged depths of 11.9 to 12.8m. The port is used principally by large timber ships. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 45m, crosses the channel inside the breakwaters, leading to Fushiki-Toyama Ko and Shinminato Ku.

0.35 mile E of East Breakwater, marks the W end of a breakwater and complex of jetties and quays extending from Shimanto Ku. A light is shown from the end of a spur which extends 91m W from the root of East Breakwater. Several chimneys, some marked by obstruction lights, stand in the vicinity of the harbor.2.31 2.31

Pilotage2.31

2.31

2.31

2.31

2.31

The largest drydock at Toyama Ku has a length of 192m, a width of 34.1m, and a depth of 7.9m; it can accommodate vessels up to 48,000 dwt. Continuous dredging is necessary to maintain depths in the harbor due to silting and the sediment discharged by the pulp mill. Depths of up to 3m less than charted are reported (2007). Depths should be obtained from the port authorities prior to arrival. The principal berthing facilities are din the table titled Fushiki-Toyama KuBerthing Facilities.

Pilotage is not compulsory. Pilots are available and should be used by vessels without local knowledge. Pilots for Toyama Ku board approximately 1 mile NNE of Toyama Ku East Breakwater Light. Pilots for Shimminato Ku and Fushiki Ku board about 2.5 miles NE of Manyo North Detached Breakwater Light.

Anchorage2.31

2.31

Aspect2.31

2.31

The harbor consists of four interconnecting basins. Lights are shown from octagonal towers, 10m high, at the head of West Breakwater, and at each end of East Breakwater. A light,

Anchorage can be taken in suitable depths, mud bottom, off Toyama Ku, with offshore winds; however, caution is required when anchoring to avoid the fishing nets and the submarine gullies. The quarantine anchorage lies about 0.5 mile NE of the harbor entrance. North winds raise a heavy swell in the outer harbor. Good anchorage can be taken N of the front range light at Fushiki Ku, and W of Fushiki Passage, in 7.9 to 11.9m, fine sand, from 0.5 to 1 mile off the coast, near the quarantine anchorage. The area E of Fushiki Passage does not afford anchorage due to fishing nets and the deep submarine gully. Pub. 159

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Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

Shinminato Ku

Directions2.31

Toyama Wan to Nanao Wan

2.33 Sasanami Saki (3659'N., 13703'E.), on which stands the village of Kurosaki, lies about 1.5 miles N of Otomari Hana. A spit, with depths of 4.8m, extends from the coastal bank, about 1.3 miles N of Sasanami Hana. The small harbors of Iori Ko and Enotomari Ko lie about 2.5 and 4.5 miles N, respectively, of Sasanami Hana. The dangers E and SE of Kannon Zaki (3706'N., 13704'E.) will be described with Nanao Wan beginning in paragraph 2.34.2.33 2.33

2.31

2.31

In the approach to Fushiku Ku, Hachibuse Yama and Futagama Yama are good marks until the range lights can be made out, when they should be kept in line bearing 201 through Fushiki Passage, to clear the fishing nets. When about 0.5 mile from the front range light, course should be altered as appropriate to enter the harbor. Currents in the inner harbor may attain velocities of 3 to 4 knots when the river is flooded or during the spring thaw. Fixed fishing nets lie on both sides of all passages. Toyama Ku is entered on a heading of 180, steering for the center of E and W breakwaters, care being taken to avoid being set by the river current.

Nanao Wan2.34 Nanao Wan, on the E side of Noto Hanto, is entered between Kannon Zaki and Ebisu Zaki (Okinami Hana) (3711'N., 13701'E.), about 6 miles N. Noto-jima, occupying the center of the large bay, divides it into three parts, Nanaohoku Wan (Kita Wan), Nanao-nan Wan (Minami Wan), and Nanao-sei Wan (Nishi Wan), on the N, S, and SW sides, respectively, of the island. Nanao-hoku Wan provides good anchorage for large vessels. Nanao Ko lies in the S part of Nanaonan Wan; its harbor occupies the major part of it. Nanao-sei Wan provides safe anchorage for small vessels; however, there are fish havens in the bay, and Nisi Guri, a reef with a depth of 2.6m, lies in the SE part of Nanao-sei Wan. Aspect.Kannon Zaki, the S entrance point, is wooded, rises to an elevation of 28m, and is marked by a light. Futago Yama, 182m high, is very conspicuous about 3 miles NW of Ebisu Zaki; from the E, one summit is visible, but from the S, two summits are visible. Maru Yama, a rounded hill, 67m high, surmounts a peninsula, nearly 1.5 miles SW of Ebisu Zaki. Besshoga Take (Beesho Take) (3711'N., 13651'E.), 358m high, is conspicuous about 2 miles W of the head of Nanaohoku Wan. Mushaga Mine, 304m high, is conspicuous about 4 miles farther SW.2.34 2.34 2.34 2.34

2.32 Fushiku Ku is situated in the mouth of Oyabe Kawa. Short breakwaters extend from each side of the entrance; lights are shown from the head of the W breakwater and from the E head of the E breakwater, which is T-shaped. A detached breakwater, 0.15 mile long, lies on a NW-SE axis, 0.6 mile NNE of the W breakwater; a light is shown from each end.2.32

2.32

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2.32

Himi Ko (3652'N., 13700'E.), a small fishing harbor, lies about 5.5 miles NW of Fushiki Ku. Kara Shima, an islet, 11.9m high and marked by a light, lies about 0.2 mile E of the head of the N breakwater at Himi Ko; rocks, awash and sunken, extend about 0.2 mile NE and SE of the islet. Fixed fishing nets are in the vicinity of Kara Shima, and extend up to 2.8 miles E of the islet. Yabuto Ko, Ettyu Tomari Ko, and Unami Ko, small fishing harbors, lie about 1.5, 2, and 3 miles NNE, respectively, of Kara Shima. Mera Ko, a small fishing harbor marked by a light, lies about 1 mile SW of Otomari Hana. About 2 miles SSW, another light is shown at the point. Abu Shima, an islet, 12.8m high, lies about 0.5 mile offshore, about 1 mile S of Mera Ko.

2.35 Ko-Guchi Seto (Koguchi Seto), the entrance to Nanao-nan Wan, is entered between Kannon Zaki and Matsu Hana, about 1 mile NNW. A directional light showing a white sector stands 1.5 miles WSW of Matsu Hana. Lighted buoys mark the entrance channel. Three television towers are conspicuous near the summit of Yomurazuka Yama, about 1.3 miles N of Miya Saki. Kannon Zaki is bordered by foul ground. Me Guri, lying in a N-S direction, has a least depth of 1.3m at its N end, about 0.8 mile E of the point. A detached 4.3m patch lies about 1.3 miles SE of the point. Depths of 8.7m lie about 1 mile ESE of Kannon Zaki. Sohama Dashi, with a least depth of 3.8m, extends to about 0.5 mile NNW of Kannon Zaki. Morita Guri, with a least depth of 1.1m, lies on the S side of the fairway, about 0.8 mile farther W, and about 0.4 mile offshore. O Guri, with a least depth of 3.7m, lies about 0.7 mile ENE of Matsu Hana, and is the outermost danger on the N side of the entrance. Naga Guri, with a least depth of 4.2m, lies about 0.3 mile E of Matsu Hana. Shichiko Sho fringes the N shore of Ko-Guchi Seto, and extends up to 0.1 mile offshore, with a depth of 3.6m at the shallowest outer end. Suzuki Sho (Suzuki Guri), with depths of less than 4.9m, extends about 0.4 mile SW of Koizumi Saki; a lighted buoy marks its SW side. Depths of less than 10.1m extend nearly 0.5 mile SW of Koizumi Saki. Shin Saki lies about 0.5 mile SE of Koizumi Saki, and has depths of less than 5.5m extending about 0.2 mile N and W of the point. Tera-jima, an islet 29m high, lies about 1.5 miles WSW of Koizumi Saki. Kamiya Dashi, with a depth of 5.2m, lies about 0.5 mile S of Tera Shima. Asa Guri, with a least depth of 3.7m and marked N by a lighted buoy, lies on the S side of the fairway, about 1 mile SE of Miya Saki. O Se, with a least depth of 3.7m, lies about 0.7 mile S of Miya Saki; a lighted buoy is moored about 0.3 mile W of the shoal. Waka Dashi, with a least depth of 4.9m, lies about 1 mile S of Miya Saki, and is marked W by a lighted buoy. Is Saki, the S entrance point of Nanao-se Wan, lies about 1.82.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35 2.35

57

miles WSW of Miya Saki. Me Shima, an islet 3.4m high, lies in the SE part of Nanaonan Wan, about 2 miles S of Tera Shima; it lies near the W end of a bank with depths of less than 4.9m.2.35

Nanao Ko (3703'N., 13659'E.)

World Port Index No. 61840 2.36 Nanao Ko occupies the major part of Nanaonan Wan; although there are a number of reefs, it provides good anchorage for large vessels. Extensive reclamation have been undertaken about 0.7 mile NE of Ota Wharf. The port is divided into three sections. WindsWeather.There are few clear days throughout the year, and in January and February it rains or snows almost every day. The air temperature seldom drops below -5C, even during the winter. The winter monsoons have little effect on the port, which is sheltered by Noto Hanto and Noto-jima. Fog tends to form in spring and fall when there is no wind, but it dissipates quickly. TidesCurrents.The tidal rise at Nanao is 0.3m at MHWS, and 0.2m at MHWN. The flood tidal current sets W and the ebb tidal current sets E in Ko-Guchi Seto, with maximum velocities of 0.3 knot about 3 hours after lower HW. DepthsLimitations.The draft limitation in the channel is 9.8m. Bridgestone Company Liquefied Gas Pier, a T-head pier with dolphins, lies about 0.4 mile SW of Shin Saki and can accommodate 60,000 grt vessels in a depth of 14m. Small tankers are accommodated at Kyoritsy Jetty, with a depth alongside of 6.2m. The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Nanao KoBerthing Facilities. Pilotage.Pilotage is compulsory for vessels over 10,000 grt; send a request for pilots via agent. Vessels can contact the pilot 1 hour before berthing on VHF channel 16. Pilots board 2 miles from Harbor Entrance Lighted Buoy No. 1 on a line bearing about 259 from Kojin Hang Directional Light. The Combined Port Affairs Building is situated near the root of Wharf No. 1.2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36 2.36

Position East part of the S shore of Section 1 Northeast side of Ota Wharf Middle of the S shore of Section 1

Length 370m 200m 165m 222m 135m

Depth 9.5-10.0m 10.0m 9.0m 4.0-5.0m 6.5m

Vessel size 15,000 dwt 15,000 dwt 10,000 dwt 2,000 dwt 5,000 dwt

2.36

2.36

Anchorage.The quarantine anchorage, centered about 0.5 mile E of Miya Saki, has a depth of about 17.1m, sand, and is sheltered from NW winds. Good anchorage can be taken, in a depth of about 7.9m, sand, good holding ground, between Waka Dashi and Wharf No. 1.

Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

about 0.8 mile N of Man Zaki, is the northernmost of a group of islets lying off the point. A light is shown on the point, about 3.3 miles SW of O Shima. Okino Guri, with a least depth of 8.2m, lies about 1 mile ESE of Kaimochi Hana (3712'N., 13655'E.), the W entrance point of the common approach to Anamizu Iri and Nakai Iri, two coves at the N end of Nanao-hoku Wan. Fishing nets are set in the area extending 0.5 mile S of Ebisu Zaki. Additional fishing nets are set along the N shore of the bay and near the bay entrance from October to July.

mit of Tera Shima bears 336, the N extremity of Is Saki should be steered for, bearing 259, passing between Kamiya Dashi and Asa Guri. After rounding the lighted buoy moored W of O Se, alter course S, passing W of the lighted buoy marking Waka Dashi, then proceed to the anchorage. Vessels bound for Bussein Wharf proceed as directed above, and after passing between Kamiya Dashi and Asa Guri, alter course SSE, passing well W of Asa Guri and E of Me Shima, then proceed to Bussein Wharf.2.36

2.37

2.37

Nanao-Hoku Wan Nanao Wan to Rokugo Saki

2.37 O-Guchi Seto (Okuchi Seto), the entrance to Nanaohoku Wan, has its least width between Bagaura Saki (3710'N., 13702'E.) and Hiuchi Saki (Hechiwa Saki), about 1.3 miles NNW. Maru Yama lies about 0.5 mile NE off Hiuchi Saki. Ebisu Zaki lies about 1.5 miles farther NE. The fishing harbors of Enome Ko and Bagaura Ko lie about 1 mile SE and close W, respectively, of Bagaura Saki. Anchorage.Nanao-hoku Wan affords anchorage to large vessels, in 20 to 40m, as convenient. Small vessels, with local knowledge, can obtain sheltered anchorage in the coves and inlets of the bay according to the direction of the wind. Anamizu Iri affords anchorage to small vessels, in depths of 11 or 12.8m, mud. Nakai Iri also affords anchorage, but difficulty may be experienced in its entrance. Fixed fishing nets are set in the entrance to Nanao-hoku Wan, and within the entrance off the N shore, from October to July. Directions.From well outside the dangers at the E end of O-Guchi Seto, steer for Sode Saki on a bearing of 272. When Enomo Ko Breakwater Light is abeam, bearing 182, alter course to 253, steering for the N extremity of O Shima. When Bagaura Ko E Breakwater Light is abeam, bearing 163, alter course to 270. After passing Futo Se and Bando Se, course may be altered as requisite to an anchorage in the bay. Vessels bound for Animizu Ko continue steering course 270 until O Shima is abeam, bearing 180, when course is altered to 309, steering for the harbor entrance, with Animizu Light on the starboard bow. Steer a mid-channel course NE of Okinu Guri. There are two navigable channels into Nanao-hoku Wan, each about 0.4 mile wide, with depths of over 10.1m. The N channel lies between Maeno Se and the N shore. The S channel, the recommended passage, passes S of Okino Se. Caution.A bank, with depths of less than 10.1m, extends up to about 1 mile NE of Bagaura Saki. Toda Guri, with a depth of less than 1.8m, and Kasagi Guri, with a least depth of 4m, lie near the NE ends of the bank. Maeno Se, with a depth of 4.9m, lies nearly 1 mile S of Ebisu Zaki. Nakano Se, with a depth of 6.4m, lies about 0.4 mile farther SE. Okino Se, with a depth of 10.5m, lies about 0.3 mile ESE of Nakano Se. Sode Zaki and Kagata Hana lie about 0.8 and 1 mile WSW, respectively, of Hiuchi Saki. Futo Se, with a depth of 3.1m, lies about 0.2 mile S of Kagata Hana, at the outer end of foul ground extending off the points. Man Zaki lies about 2.3 miles SSW of Kagata Hana. Bando Se, with a least depth of 5.8m, is the outermost of the reefs extending about 1.8 miles NE of Man Zaki. O Shima, 6.4m high,2.37 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.37

2.38 Ukawa Ko (3715'N., 13705'E.), a small fishing harbor, lies about 3 miles NNE of Ebisu Zaki. During certain seasons, fishing nets are laid along the E coast of Noto Hanto and along the shores of Toyama Wan; since some extend 2 to 3 miles from shore, they are considered obstructions to navigation. The fish trap is situated farthest offshore, and its net is set at right angles to the coast. During the day, location of the nets are easily identified due to the wooden and other floats used; however, at night, special caution is necessary as there are nets not equipped with lights. At night, the coast should be given a berth of at least 4 miles. Caution.Fishing traps are set near the entrances to harbors; these make navigation difficult. From the beginning of August through the middle of October, there are fewer nets; however, since this is the season for dolphin, dolphin traps can be seen in the entrances to the harbors and in the offing.2.38 2.38

2.39 Usetsu Ko (3718'N., 13709'E.) lies about 4.3 miles NE of Ukawa Ko; a light is shown from the W entrance point of the harbor. The port is protected by breakwaters, and sheltered from all but S winds. It is most frequented by fishing vessels. Ikari Shima (Benten-jima), about 2.8 miles E of Usetso Ko, is marked by a light. Ogi Ko, about 1 mile farther E, is entered N of Inuyama, which is marked by a light. A breakwater extends E of Inuyama; a fisheries dock, with depths of 3.5m alongside, lies on the NW side of the breakwater. Myogi Guri, marked by a light, lies in the middle of the entrance to the harbor. Two TV towers, marked by red and white lights, lie nearly 1.5 miles NNW of Inuyama. A small boat harbor lies close SW of Inuyama. Tsukumo Wan is entered close NE of Ogi Ko, between Hiyoriyama Hana and Joga Hana, about 0.2 mile NE. Reefs extend from both entrance points, on which breakwaters have been built. Joga Hana Light stands on rocks close to the breakwaters. Another light marks the breakwater on the W side of the entrance. Anchorage can be taken by vessels of less than 1,000 dwt, in 23m, about 0.2 mile NNE of Hiyoriyama Hana. Small craft can anchor, in depths of 11 to 15.8m, in the W arm of Tsukumo Wan.2.39 2.39 2.39 2.39

2.39

During bad weather, Tsukumo Wan is liable to be crowded with local fishing craft, and better anchorage can be obtained in either Tsuruga Wan, 110 miles SSW, or Nanao Wan, 15 miles SW. Aka Saki (3721'N., 13716'E.), marked by a light, lies about 3.5 miles NNE of Joga Hana. Kawajiri Wan, about 1

Pub. 159

Sector 2. HonshuNorthwest CoastTappi Saki to Rokugo Saki

mile S of the point, provides shelter for small craft with local knowledge from W winds.

59

shore, about 1.4 miles NNE of Mitsuko Shima. Other shoal reefs lie close SW. 2.41 Iida Ko (3726'N., 13716'E.) has a berth that is 149m long and has an alongside depth of 4.6m. Anchorage.With offshore winds, good anchorage can be taken in suitable depths, mud, E of Ukai Ko, and E of Sogen, farther S. Caution.There are a large number of fishing nets in the bay, particularly in the period from autumn to spring. Some nets extend 3 miles from shore.2.41 2.41

Iidai Wan2.40 Iidai Wan, an open bay, is entered between Aka Saki and Nagate Saki (3727'N., 13722'E.), about 7 miles NE. The fishing harbors of Matsunami Ko, Ukai Ko, Iida Ko, and Takojima Ko, each sheltered by breakwaters, border the shores of the bay. The bay is bordered by sandy beaches, with many shoal areas of less than 4.9m extending up to 0.5 mile offshore. The bay provides good protection from W to N winds. However, in winter there are times when low pressure frontal systems pass E over the Sea of Japan producing NW winds N of Noto Hanto, while at the same time generating S and SW winds in the bay; these winds are strong and may blow continuously for half a day according to local reports. Nagate Saki is a low headland marked by a light; a pine-covered hill, 63m high, lies about 0.8 mile W of the point. In addition to the lights of the fishing ports, the Buddhist temple, with an elevation of 42m, W of Matsunami Ko; Mitsuko Shima, an islet, 28m high, about 0.5 mile S of Ukai Ko; and a white cliff, 252m high, about 2.3 miles W of Iida Ko, are conspicuous. Caution.Tempo Guri, a reef with depths of 11.5 to 14.9m, lies about 1 mile E of Mitsuko Shima. Foul ground extends about 0.4 mile E of the islet. A reef, with depths of 3.3 and 4.2m, lies about 0.6 mile off2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40

2.42 Ai Saki (3730'N., 13721'E.), about 3 miles N of Nagate Saki, has a conspicuous reddish cliff S of it, near Jike; a light on Ai Saki illuminates Gyozya Guri, a rock, about 0.3 mile E. Himeshima Guri, parts of which are above water, extends about 0.8 mile NE of Ai Saki, to which it is almost connected by rocky ridges; a light is shown on the reef. Kurisaba Guri, a rocky bank, with a least depth of 14.9m, lies about 1.8 miles SE of Himeshima Guri. Kongo Saki, about 0.8 mile NNW of Ai Saki, rises to Yamabushi Yama, a well-defined conical hill, 201m high, about 0.8 mile W. Rokugo Saki, about 1.3 miles farther NW, and its off-lying dangers will be described in paragraph 3.2. Norosi Ko (Norochi Ko), a small fishing harbor, lies close S of Rokugo Saki. The NE end of Noto Hanto, between Rokugo Saki and Ai Saki, is generally called Suzo Misaki.2.42 2.42 2.42

SECTOR 3 CHART INFORMATION

Plan.This sector describes the SW part of the NW coast of Honshu from Rokugo Saki to Murasaki Bana. The coast in this area extends in a SW direction for a distance of about 400 miles. It forms the S shore of the Sea of Japan. Oki Gunto and Take Shima, along with other off-lying islands, are also described in this sector.

General Remarks3.1 WindsWeather.The highest development of the winter Northwest Monsoon for Japans land area is on the NW coast, against much of which the wind strikes freely from the open Sea of Japan to the N of Tsushima Kaikyo. South winds, nevertheless, may be expected. Only in a few of the bays like Toyama, sheltered by the Noto Hanto and in the Niigata region, where the island of Sado acts as a wind shield, is the coast particularly protected. In summer, SE to SW winds are mostly prevalent, but local conditions may cause much change. On the part of the coast dominated by Tsushima Kaikyo, W winds are in the majority in December and January at Hamada, but thereafter, N to E winds are most common even in summer, due to local conditions in the strait where the lay of the channel and the land and sea breezes combine to back the Southeast Monsoon to the N and to the E. Nevertheless, SW winds occur in summer, though SE winds are very rare. The average annual wind speed is 7 knots, with means of 9 knots in December and January and 5 knots in June. In the vicinity of Miho Wan, the winds are comparatively steady, sometimes blowing from one direction for two or three weeks at a time. Northwest winds are strongest and most frequent in winter, but cease in April. Light S winds prevail in summer, gradually changing to E in late August, then backing toward the N with the coming of bad weather in October. At Tsuruga, N winds predominate in autumn and winter and S winds in spring and summer. East winds are noticeably absent. Winter gales in the bay, owing to the land configuration, are N or S. At Mikuni, December to February is the period of strong NW winds and rough seas. North winds continue until June, but are interrupted by S to W winds in spring. Light S winds prevail in summer, with some squally weather. South of the Nanto Hanto, at Kanazawa, while strong winds may be expected in winter, the mean December velocity is only 6 knots, the average for the year is 5 knots, and from July to September, 4 knots. On the E side of the peninsula, at Ogi, N and W winds are strong in winter, through the harbor, protected by the land, is seldom rough. TidesCurrents.The Tsushima Current flows in a NW direction off the NW coast of Honshu. In summer, after entering the Sea of Japan, its general velocity is 0.5 to 1 knot. In winter, the current is weaker, through near the islands and headlands it may attain a velocity exceeding 1 knot, especially after NW gales.

3.1

The Tsushima Current often influences the weak tidal currents off the NW coast of Honshu. The resultant set may attain considerable strength in the direction of the ocean current, with one tidal current nearly obliterated and the other greatly augmented in both velocity and length of flow. Tides in the Sea of Japan are largely the effect of the inflow of the tidal wave which passes through Tsushima Kaikyo, the large strait at the W end of Honshu. On the NW coast of Honshu, the tides have an extremely pronounced diurnal inequality, and diurnal tides occur. The two successive low waters show the greatest difference in height. Lower low water follows higher high water. The springs rise is small, the mean varying to a maximum of 1.2m. Off this coast the tidal currents are generally weak. Irregular sets may result from winds and other influences. Complications are also caused by the Tsushima Current, stated to be a branch of the warm Kuroshio Current, which flows along the coast in a NE direction. Though the Tsushima Current does not attain great strength, resultant sets of ocean and tidal currents may flow with considerable velocity, the augmented tidal current running nearly throughout the 12-hour period.3.1 3.1 3.1

Rokugo Saki to Wa-jima Ko

3.2 Rokugo Saki (3732'N., 13720'E.) is the NE point of Noto Hanto. A light is shown from a round white tower on the point. A rocky spit, with depths of less than 9.2m, extends NE from the point for about 0.5 mile. From Rokugo Saki the coast trends WSW for a distance of 21.5 miles to Wa-jima Ko. The coast is fringed with reefs and shoals, extending as much as 0.5 mile offshore in places. Toro Guri, the outermost reef, has a depth of 2.7m and lies about 0.9 mile offshore, midway between Rokugo Saki and Kashima Zaki. Kura Saki (3730'N., 13709'E.) is located about 8.5 miles WSW of Rokugo Saki. A light is shown from the point. Kurataubo Dake, 366m high, lies 2 miles SE of the point. Shira Saki, about 5 miles SW of Kura Saki, is faced with a red cliff. Iwakura Yama rises near the coast, about 2 miles further E, to an elevation of 356m; it has a red cliff on its N side and is a good landmark. Koshu Zan (Takasu Yama) (3723'N., 13657'E.), located 6 miles SW of Shira Saki, attains an elevation of 567m, 1.25 miles inland. It is easy to identify as it is the highest mountain in the vicinity. Two green domes, showing lights, are situated on the summit.

3.1

3.2

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3.2

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3.1

3.3 Wa-jima Ko (3724'N., 13654'E.) is a small port situated on the E side of Tatsuga Saki, which has a remarkable white cliff on its seaward face. A light is shown near the summit of Tatsuga Saki. Wa-jima Ko is the only sheltered port on the N shore of Noto Hanto. The port is protected by three breakwaters, from each head of which a light is shown. No. 1 Breakwater protects an3.3

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Sector 3. HonshuNorthwest CoastRokugo Saki to Murasaki Bana

bearing about 275, distant 1 mile. Fukuura Ko (3705'N., 13644'E.), a small port situated 4 miles S of Togi Ko, serves as a base for a large fishing fleet from September through May. The harbor is divided into N and S bays and affords anchorage for small vessels. A light is shown from the S end of the port. Range lights on a bearing of 090 lead into the harbor. Rocky reefs fringe the nearby coast. Takahama Ko, a small fishing village, is situated about 5 miles SSE of Fukuura Ko. The village is protected by a breakwater from which a light is shown. Abuia Gyoko, 1.25 miles WNW of Takahama Gyoko, is a small fishing harbor; a light is shown on the head of the breakwater. A tower stands at an elevation of 186m, 2.5 miles NNW of Abuia Gyoko. A fish haven lies 2 miles WSW of Abuia Gyoko. A light is shown from a white tower, 6m high, at the head of a breakwater 2.5 miles NNW of Abuia Gyoko. Taki Saki (Taki Zaki) (3655'N., 13645'E.) is a rounded point at the N end of a long stretch of sandy beach. Taki Ko, a small artificial harbor, is situated on the S side of the point. The harbor is protected by inner and outer breakwaters, marked by lights. According to reports, the harbor tends to be shallow due to drifting sands. Inner breakwaters protect an inner harbor with two cambers. A lighted beacon, 7m high, stands at the root of the inner E breakwater; another light is shown from the head of this breakwater.

outer basin. No. 2 Breakwater and No. 3 Breakwater enclose an inner basin. A spur projecting NE from No. 3 Breakwater protects a second inner basin. The harbor has charted depths of 0.6 to 4.6m. Vessels in the 500 grt class can anchor in the harbor. Larger vessels should anchor E of the breakwater, in a depth of 11.9m, sand. The harbor affords good shelter from winds blowing out of the S and W. Anchorage is difficult and dangerous with NW winds. Caution.Daija Guri is the general name for the several reefs lying within 0.4 mile NNE of Tatsuga Saki. The 20m curve is about 0.3 mile N of Daija Guri. In bad weather, the sea breaks over the reefs and rocks of Daija Guri. Stationary fishing nets are set from the S shore of the harbor up to 0.2 mile offshore. Tawara Se, a shoal, with a least depth of 7m, lies 1.75 miles E of Tatsuga Saki.3.3 3.3

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

Off-lying Dangers3.4 Nanatu Shima (Nanatsu Shima) (3736'N., 13653'E.), two small groups of rocky islets, lie from 11 to 13 miles N of Tatsuga Saki. The deep passage separating the two groups is over 1 mile wide, with a single rocky depth of less than 18.2m in mid-channel. O Shima, 62m high, is the largest and highest islet in the N group. A light is shown from the islet. Mikuriya Shima, 39m high, is the westernmost of the S group; Aramiko Shima, 43m high, is the easternmost of the S group. A detached shoal of 5.2m lies 0.5 mile E of Aramiko Shima. Hegura Shima (Hekura-jima) (3751'N., 13655'E.), lying 14 miles N of Nanatu Shima, is a low flat island, 11.9m high. Rocks fringe the island to a distance of 0.3 mile, and depths of less than 5.4m extend S for more than 1 mile. A light is shown from the island. Yome Guri (3740'N., 13712'E.) is a shoal area about 1 mile in diameter, with depths of less than 18.2m, the least depth being 3.4m. Breakers usually mark the drying and sunken rocks during heavy weather. A light is shown from the E side of the shoal.3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4

3.5

3.5

Tatsuga Saki to Kanazawa Ko

3.5 Kouire Se and Daruma Se are rocks with depths of 2.7m and 6.1m, respectively, lying within a 0.5 mile of the coast, about 3 and 1.5 miles W of Tatsuga Saki. The coast inshore of the latter rock, and E of it, is foul. Saruyama Zaki (3720'N., 13644'E.) is the NW extremity of Noto Hanto. A light equipped with a ramark is shown from the point. Annyomon Guri (3711'N., 13638'E.), a rocky depth of 9.4m, is the outermost of a number of dangers lying within a 5 mile radius NW of Ama Saki, located 11 miles SSW of Saruyama Zaki. Matsugashita Byochi is a small open bay lying 2 miles SE of Ama Saki. Togi Ko, a small artificial harbor, is located in the NW part of the bay. The harbor is protected by breakwaters. There are depths in the harbor of 2.7 to 4.3m. Exposed anchorage, open from the W to S, is available in 12.8m, poor holding ground. The best berth is reported to be with Takaiwa Saki3.5 3.5 3.5

3.6 Kanazawa Ko (3637'N., 13636'E.) (World Port Index No. 61822) is a newer harbor that replaces Kanaiwa Ko as the port for Kanazawa. The port lies at the mouth of Ono Gawa, about 1.3 miles NNE of Kaniwa Ko. DepthsLimitations.The approach to the basin, and the basin itself, have been dredged to 9.7 and 10m. Oil Quay, on the NE side of the basin close within its entrance, is 620m long, with depths of 5.4 to 7.1m alongside. It is used by tankers and is divided into six berths, numbered from the SE to NW. Goro Shima Wharf, immediately SE of Oil Quay, is 240m in length, with a depth of 9m alongside. Gokuden Wharf, Tomizu Wharf, and Muryogi Wharf, which are separated by Tomizu Basin, occupy the head of the harbor. Gokuden Wharf, the E wharf, is about 540m in length, with a minimum depth alongside of 8.8m. Tomizu Wharf is 370m long, with depths of 8.6 to 9m alongside. Muryogi Wharf is 390m long, with depths of 5.5 to 7.5m alongside. Muryoji Pier projects N from the W end of Muryoji Wharf. Its E side is 270m in length and has a permissible depth of 5m alongside. The head of the pier and the basin on its W side are used mainly by fishing vessels. Aspect.The harbor is entered between the E and W breakwaters.; a light is shown near the head of the W breakwater. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory. Pilots are available only during the daytime and normally board vessels in position 3637'53"N, 13635'10"E. Anchorage.Except in winter, open anchorage can be obtained 1 mile W of the mouth of Sai Kawa, in depths of 11 to 15.8m, but NW winds raise a heavy sea. The bottom is mainly3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6

Pub. 159

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65

Kanazawa Ko fine sand, and depths decrease regularly to the shore. The quarantine anchorage is a circle of 500m radius centered 1.5 miles NW of Ono Kawa Light; there are depths of 17.1 to 26m, mud and fine sand, but in strong NW winds vessels may experience difficulty in anchoring. Caution.Depths of 2 to 4m less than charted exist in the entrance to the harbor.3.6 3.6

Kanazawa Ko to Echizen Misaki

3.7 From Kanazawa Ko to Anto Saki, 32 miles SW, the coast is unbroken by sandy beaches. The 9.2m curve lies from 0.6 to 0.7 mile offshore. Gales raise a heavy sea along this coast, which offers no shelter to shipping. Between Anto Saki and Echizen Misaki, 18 miles distant, the S half is cliffs backed by mountains with rocks up to 0.5 mile offshore. Sandy beaches with pine trees comprise the N section. Mikawa (3629'N., 13629'E.) is a small port situated at the mouth of Tetori Kawa. A light is shown from the NE side of the mouth of the river. There is suitable anchorage for small boats 1 mile offshore, with good holding ground. Hasitate Ko (Hashitate Ko) is a small fishing harbor situated 11 miles SW of Mikawa. The harbor is protected by three breakwaters. Because of the reefs in the area of the harbor, it should not be approached without local knowledge. Shioya Ko is a small village on the N bank of Daishoji Kawa, near its mouth. A red hill, 61m high and surmounted by a clump of pine trees, is located near the coast, SW of the village.3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7

Kasano Misaki (3621'N., 13618'E.) is a rocky denselywooded point, which is conspicuous from the SW. The point is entirely surrounded by foul ground. A detached 14.9m depth lies nearly 1 mile N of the point; another similar depth lies 1.5 miles NE of the point. The harbor entrance is protected by East Breakwater, West Breakwater, and the detached North Breakwater. Old Breakwater protects the inner basin. Lights are shown on the breakwater heads. There is good holding ground, in depths of 14.9m, outside the harbor. Anto Saki (3615'N., 13607'E.), a wooded point, lies 6.5 miles SW of Shioya Ko. A bridge connects the close-lying islet O Shima to the mainland. Numerous dwellings are situated on the point; a light is shown from the islet. Gentatu Se (Gentatsu Se) (3613'N., 13545'E.), a shoal area, with a least depth of about 10.4m, lies 19 miles offshore W of Mikuni Ko. Fujiutsushiga Take, 942m high, located 11 miles E of Mikuni Ko, appears to have three sharp peaks when seen from the W and a single peak when viewed from the N.3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7

Fukui Ko (3611'N., 13606'E.)

World Port Index No. 61820 3.8 Fukui Ko is comprised of two sections. Mikuni Ku (formerly Mikuni Ko) is located at the mouth of Kuzuryu Kawa while Kukui Ku lies S of Mikuni Ku.

The port is being developed as the core of Fukui Industrial Zone and is a major oil importing and storage center. There are large numbers of oil storage tanks, which constitute the Fukui Oil Stockpiling Base, situated on reclaimed land SW of the root of South Breakwater. WindsWeather.From April to June, the wind is from the N; July to November finds winds from the S but very changable. December to March has strong NW winds and rough seas. DepthsLimitations.The draft limit in the fairway of Fukui Ku is 9m. Mikuni Ku can be entered by vessels with a draft of 4.6m or less. When entering Mikuni Ku under conditions of strong NW winds, the triangular waves around the river mouth badly affect the steerage of vessels. Deep-draft vessels bound for Fukui Ku are advised to navigate closer to South Breakwater as far as possible due to the depths near the end of North Breakwater being possibly shallower than charted. Incoming vessels from the W, when passing off Maizuru Ko, are recommended to contact Nihonkai-Seibu Communications Center (VHF channel16) and inquire about weather conditions in Kukui Ko. If the port is not practical for entry, then shelter can be taken in Miyazu, located in the W part of Wakasa Wan. The principal berths are described in the table titled Kukui KoBerthing Facilities. A sea berth for the Fukui Oil Stockpile Base is located about 2.2 miles SW of Fukui South Breakwater Light. An area within a circle of about 350m centered at the sea berth is allocated for a floating hose. Caution must be paid to the hose as it is always swinging due to the wind and waves. Aspect.Fukui Ku, the S harbor of Fukui Ko, is protected by two breakwaters. The N breakwater extends 0.15 mile WSW from a position on the shore 1.25 miles SSW of the mouth of Kuzuryu Kawa. A light stands at the head of the breakwater. The S breakwater extends 0.75 mile NNW from a position 0.6 mile SSW of the root of the N breakwater. A light stands at the head of the breakwater. Mikuni Ko, the N harbor of Fukui Ko, is situated at the mouth of Kuzuryu Kawa and is protected by a low breakwater which extends 0.4 mile WSW from the N side of the mouth of Kuzuryu Kawa. A light stands at the head of the breakwater. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory, but pilots are available.3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8

Anchorage.Anchorage is available off Fukui Ko, in 12 to 17m, sand, about 0.8 mile WNW of the mouth of Kuzuryu Kawa. Smaller vessels may anchor, in 8m, about 0.15 mile NNW of the head of Mikuni Ko Breakwater. The small bay close N of Mikuni Ko Breakwater should be avoided as the bottom is sand and rock, bad holding ground. Kame Shima (3607'N., 13603'E.), a flat wooded islet, 45m high, lies close offshore with a rocky depth of 4m close N. Echizen Misaki (3559'N., 13558'E.) is a cliff faced point, fringed by rocks, extending close offshore. From the point to Oka Zaki, 16 miles SSE, the coast is mainly rocky cliffs fringed with reefs and backed by ranges of wooded hills. A light is shown from Echizen Misaki.3.8 3.8

Tsuruga Wan3.9 Tsuruga Wan (Tsuruga Wan) is a large protected bay entered between Oka Zaki and Tateisi Saki. From the entrance, the inlet extends S about 6 miles, with a general width of about 2 miles. High hills protect the bay on all sides, except the N, which is open and exposed to winter gales from that quarter. During this weather, a heavy swell sets into the bay. The bay is divided into five sections, which are clearly marked on the charts. There is good anchorage in the bay, particularly in Section 3 and Section 5. Several charted fish havens lie in Tsuruga Wan.

Tsuruga Ko (3539'N., 13604'E.)

World Port Index No. 61810 3.10 Tsuruga Ko, a port of entry, is one of the principal ports on the NW coast of Honshu and lies at the head of Tsuruga Wan. The harbor is protected by a breakwater, with a length of 1,105m, and by a detached breakwater. WindsWeather.During winter and autumn, the prevailing winds are N; in spring and summer, the S wind predominates. Storms occur mostly in winter. Owing to the topography in the vicinity of the bay, the winds blow strongest from the N and S. DepthsLimitations.The approach to the port is via a 6 mile long passage from the entrance to Wakasa Bay. The maximum depth of water in Outer Harbor is 22m and 10m in the in3.10 3.10 3.10

Pub. 159

Sector 3. HonshuNorthwest CoastRokugo Saki to Murasaki Bana

ner harbor. The maximum permissible draft in the channel is 15m. The principal berths are described in the table titled Tsuruga KoBerthing Facilities. Aspect.A breakwater extends 0.35 mile W from Tayu Saki, a headland 1.5 miles S of Matsuga Saki (3540'N., 13605'E.). A light stands at the head of the breakwater. The breakwater has been extended. The area between the root of the above breakwater and a position close E of Kanega Saki has been reclaimed and quayed. Pilotage.Pilots are available, but pilotage is not compulsory. Pilots board by arrangement at the quarantine anchorage during daylight hours only. Anchorage.A circular quarantine anchorage, 0.25 mile in radius, with a depth of 20.1m, mud, is situated in Jogu Wan, on the W shore of Tsuruga Wan. Care must be used to avoid fishing nets in the bay. Anchorage, in 20m, mud, is available for large vessels NW of the end of the breakwater. There are two mooring buoys for vessels up to 10,000 grt on the W side of the quarantine anchorage. Vessels carrying dangerous cargo should not anchor in Area No. 1 or Area No. 5.3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10

67

breast-off to avoid damage.

Tateisi Saki to Bakuchi Misaki

3.11 Tateisi Saki (Tateishi Saki) (3546'N., 13601'E.), the N end of Tateisi Hanto, is the W entrance point to Tsuruga Wan. The reddish headland is 161m high. A light is shown from the point. A breakwater extends about 0.4 mile SW from the shore, about 1.5 miles SW of Tateisi Saki. Nyu Ura, a small cove in the lee of a hook-shaped peninsula, is located 5 miles SSW of Tateisi Saki. Depths in the cove, which opens to the S and is narrow, range from 2 to 4m at the entrance. Depths inside the cove range from 7 to 13m. The entrance is spanned by a bridge, with a vertical clearance of 14.9m and a fairway width of 79m. Funatoshi Saki Light is shown on the W extremity of the point; an auxiliary light, shown from the same position, illuminates a drying reef 0.2 mile W. A light is shown about 0.7 mile SSE of Funatoshi Saki Light. Kabutoga Saki (3538'N., 13554'E.), a headland, lies 5 miles SW of Nyu Ura. A rocky depth of 4.6m lies 0.6 mile NW of the point. Four lagoons lie within 4 miles S of the point. Two of the lagoons are deep, but the entrances of all of them are narrow and only small craft can safely enter them. 3.12 Tunekami Saki (Tsunekami Saki) (3538'N., 13549'E.) is about 239m high and lies about 5 miles WNW of Kabutoga Saki. The NW side of the point is surrounded by rocks and reefs. South of the point, the irregular shoreline is broken by Yashiro Wan and Sekumi Wan; these two small bays are separated by Kuro Zaki, a promontory extending 2 miles NW from the middle of an open bight. These open bays are too exposed for anchorage.

3.11

3.11

3.11

3.11

Two buoys, with depths alongside of 17 and 20m, exist for vessels of 10,000 grt and 20,000 grt. Caution.Depths at Horai Wharf (Berth H and Berth I) are up to 1.5m shallower than charted. Depths at Kawasaki Matsui Wharf (Berth A through Berth D) are up to 1.6m shallower than charted. Pearl rafts are set from April through December on the W side of Nago Saki. There are numerous fish nets and pearl rafts on both sides of Urazoko Wan. During strong NW winds, a swell sometimes sets into the inner harbor making it necessary for vessels lying alongside to3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10

Sector 3. HonshuNorthwest CoastRokugo Saki to Murasaki Bana

The depths in this inlet decrease from about 42.1m in the entrance; the bottom is mostly mud or fine sand. Uchiura KoTsuruga, a local port, occupies the central and E coves at the head of Uchiura Wan. DepthsLimitations.A short breakwater is situated on the SW side of the S cove of Uchiura Ko; it protects a quay, 80m long. A large factory is situated on the E side of the head of the harbor. It is served by quays, 160m long, with a reported depth of 10m alongside, and 140m long, with a depth of 4.5m alongside. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory. If required, a pilot will come from Maizuru, 10 miles WSW, and will board at the quarantine anchorage between sunrise and sunset. Anchorage.Anchorage is very secure, in depths of 14.9 to 25m. During strong onshore winds, the likelihood of dragging is remote.3.15 3.15 3.15 3.15 3.15

Ogami Shima, a conspicuous high islet with a thicklywooded summit, lies 0.25 mile W of Tunekami Saki. There is a sharp peak, 196m high at its N end, that is prominent. The deep channel between the islet and the mainland is reduced to a width of about 0.1 mile by reefs that should not be attempted without local knowledge. Okino Ishi (3535'N., 13547'E.), 6.4m high, lies in the approach to Yashiro Wan, about 1.3 miles WNW of Kuro Saki. Foul ground extends 0.5 mile NE of the islet. Chi Shima, 36.9m high, lies in the approach to Sekumi Wan, about 1.5 mile NNE of Okino Ishi. Shoal banks extend about 0.3 mile N and S of the islet. Kusuyaga Take (3533'N., 13544'E.), 619m high, rises 2.75 miles WSW of Okino Ishi. The E slope gradually descends to the isthmus of a peninsula. The N side is a sharplydeclining cliff, with several waterfalls. The mountain is prominent as a landmark for identifying Obama Wan. In clear weather, the mountain is visible over 25 miles. Matsuga Saki, the NE entrance point of Obama Wan, is a cliffy point with a high, rocky projection extending from its N side. Reefs fringe the point up to 0.1 mile. Obama Wan is entered between Matsuga Saki and Nokogiri Zaki, about 1.3 miles W. Obama Ko is located on the SE shore of the bay. The bay affords good anchorage to vessels with local knowledge.3.12 3.12 3.12 3.12 3.12 3.12

3.13

3.13

3.13

3.13 Obama Ko (3530'N., 13545'E.) is a fishing harbor located on the SE shore of the bay at the mouths of Minami Gawa and Kita Gawa. Two breakwaters, situated on the N and S side of the entrance, protect the harbor. DepthsLimitations.The fairway depths in the entrance to the bay are not less than 25.6m, and there are general depths of more than 9.2m throughout most of the bay. Depths in the E and W arms shoal gradually to 3.6m and 5.4m. There is a channel depth of 2.5m at the river entrance and 2m inside the basin. Depths in the harbor and vicinity are subject to change due to silting. Anchorage.Vessels anchor off Obama Ko, in 6.4m, mud and sand. Larger vessels are advised to anchor in the W end of the bay, according to draft, keeping clear of the cable area. Temporary anchorage may be taken in Katsumi Ura. 3.14 Nokogiri Zaki (3533'N., 13540'E.), the E entrance point to Takahama Wan, is also the W entrance point to Obama Wan. Sunken and above-water rocks extend 0.15 mile from the point. The ruins of a fort stand at the foot of a conical hill near the point. A light is shown from the point. Takahama Wan, a relatively large open bay, lies between Nokogiri Zaki and Imado Hana. The shores of the bay are fringed with islets and sunken rocks to a distance of 0.5 mile in places. Fuku Guri, an isolated, rocky depth of 6.2m, lying 0.8 mile off the SW shore of the bay, is the only off-lying danger. During N gales, a heavy swell sets into the bay making it unsuitable as an anchorage. Takahama, a fishing harbor, is located near the center of the head of the bay. Takate Guri, a rocky depth of 10.7m, lies 3 miles offshore in the approach to Takahama Wan.

3.16 Ke Shima, faced with cliffs, has a conspicuous high, sharp summit near the S end. Above-water rocks extend N for 0.15 mile off the N end of the island. From October to March and during June and July, large fishnets are laid in the vicinity of the island. Naryu Zaki (3536'N., 13528'E.) is a cliffy steep-to headland with close-lying, unusual rock formations. Two grass covered hills on the cape are prominent from a distance. Between this headland and Bakuchi Misaki, 6.75 miles SW, the rugged coast is fringed with dangers which extend in places more than 1 mile offshore. Naryu Saki Light is shown on the headland from a tower, 9.2m high. Oki-Kazura Shima is the N islet in a group lying on a spit of foul ground which extends over 1 mile N from the coast, midway between Naryu Zaki and Bakuchi Misaki. Bakuchi Misaki (3533'N., 13521'E.), the E entrance point to Maizuru Wan, is a densely-wooded headland faced with reddish cliffs on the N side. Kabura Guri, a rock 1m high, lies 0.1 mile N of the point, and the 18.2m curve lies 90m N of the rock. A light is shown from the point. Maizuru Wan (3522'N., 13520'E.) is entered between Bakuchi Misaki and Kanega Saki. The inlet extends SSE for 2 miles, with a least width of 0.2 mile between the two 18.2m curves and then divides into two branches. The W branch continues 3 miles SSW and the other branch extends 3 miles to the E. The fairways are marked by buoys and lights.3.16 3.16 3.16

Maizuru Ko (3531'N., 13520'E.)

World Port Index No. 61800 3.17 Maizuru Ko, a port of entry, includes all of Maizuru W and inshore of a line extending N from Kanega Saki to the intersection of a line extending W from Bakuchi Misaki. It is divided into three sections. Section I, known as West Harbor, is the commercial port and comprises that area lying S of a line extending W from Nio Saki to the opposite shore. Section II, known as East Harbor, formerly a military harbor, is used mainly as a port for government vessels. This section comprises that area S of a line W from Matsuga Saki to Sii Saki on the opposite shore. Section III includes all areas within the harbor limits not included in Section I and II.

3.14

3.15 Uchiura Wan (3533'N., 13529'E.), an inlet with six coves, is entered between Kabuto Zaki and Oshimawari Saki. Pub. 159

Sector 3. HonshuNorthwest CoastRokugo Saki to Murasaki Bana

In Section I, the berths are situated in the S and SE area where Takano Gawa and Isatu Kawa flow into the bay. Facilities of the commercial port are concentrated along the S shore; fishing harbor facilities are along the E shore. Timber storage areas are situated in Section I at Kita and at Okimi, Yoshida and Katsura in Section III. DepthsLimitations.Section I has a dredged channel leading to the berths; the outer portion is dredged to 12m, while the inner portion is dredged to 10m. The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Maizuru KoBerthing Facilities. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory, but pilots are available and will meet incoming vessels by arrangement. Pilots will board only during daylight hours, near the harbor limit off the entrance. During bad weather, pilots board in the vicinity of Matsuga Saki. Vessels awaiting pilots anchor 1 mile NW of Kanega Saki. However, pilotage is compulsory for all vessels berthing and unberthing at Taira Buoy No. 2. Regulations.Vessels over 100 grt shall display the following signals from the foremast from the time passing Bakuchi Misaki until secured: 1. Answering pennant over International Code flag W When bound for Section I (West Harbor). 2. Answering pennant over International Code flag E When bound for Section II (East Harbor). Vessels desiring to shift berth in the harbor will display, at the foremast, the following signals when underway: 1. First Repeater Pennant over International Code flag EWhen shifting from Section I (West Harbor) to Section II3.17 3.17 3.17 3.17 3.17 3.17 3.17 3.17

69

(East Harbor). 2. First Repeater Pennant over International Code flag WWhen shifting from Section II (East Harbor) to Section I (West Harbor). Anchorage.Sheltered anchorage, protected from all winds, is available throughout Maizuru Wan. Vessels anchor as convenient, mostly mud bottom. Quarantine anchorages are situated NNW of Ushikuso Hana and S of To Shima.3.17 3.17

Kanega Saki to Miyazu Ko

3.18 Kanega Saki (3531'N., 13520'E.), situated about 1.8 miles NE of the mouth of the Yura Gawa, is the SW entrance point of Maizuru Wan. A prominent hill, 215m high, rises 0.3 mile SW of the point. Yura Gawa flows into Wakasa Wan, between Kunda Wan and Maizuru Wan. A shallow, shifting bar, less than 1m deep, encumbers the river mouth, which is less than 90m wide; a bridge spans the channel 0.3 mile within the entrance. Mamo Shima (3532'N., 13516'E.) is a small, wooded, rocky islet, 24m high, lying close off a small point, located 2.5 miles WNW of Kanega Saki. A rocky, shoal spit extends 0.15 mile NE of the point, and an isolated rocky patch, 12.2m deep, lies 0.25 mile NW of the islet. Kunda Wan lies between Musoga Hana and Mamo Shima (3532'N., 13516'E.). The bay is about 1.5 miles in width and indentation. The bay shoals from 30m at its entrance to 10.1m within 0.17 mile of the shore in the S end of the bay. The NE shore of the bay is cliffy and fringed with rocks.3.18 3.18 3.18

Sector 3. HonshuNorthwest CoastRokugo Saki to Murasaki Bana

wa, which flows into the head of Miyazu Wan. It is divided into four sections, the limits of which are shown on the chart. DepthsLimitations.The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Miyazu KoBerthing Facilities. The largest vessel accommodated was reported to be 23,515 dwt, with a draft of 11.4m. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory. Harbor pilots are available at Kurosaki Anchorage. Berthing is performed during daylight hours only; unberthing can be done at any time subject to adequate notice and approval from the pilot. Anchorage.Vessels anchor as convenient inside the harbor limits, except during strong N winds. The most sheltered anchorage is S of the parallel of Shishi Zaki in 14m, mud. Large vessels anchor about 0.5 mile off the dock area; small vessels anchor closer inshore. During strong N winds, some sea and swell sets into the bay. Vessels carrying dangerous cargo must anchor in Section 1.3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20

A small harbor, protected from the E by an angled breakwater, lies at the head of the bay. Aspect.Shiro Yama, 1.25 miles W of Musoga Hana, is 78m high, the prominent wooded summit of a small peninsula. Two berths, with depths from 6 to 8m alongside, have been constructed on reclaimed land on the N side of an inlet, situated 1 mile WSW of Musoga Hana. A chimney, with an elevation of 198m, and four tanks stand close N of these berths. Two mooring buoys lie close together, 0.2 mile S of these berths. Anchorage.Vessels anchor as convenient in the bay, mud bottom, good holding ground. A cove in the lee of the peninsula affords sheltered anchorage, in 14.6m, protected from all but S winds. Musoga Hana separates Shimakage Wan on the N from Kunda Wan on the S. Rocks and reefs extend seaward, almost 0.3 mile off the point. A fish haven lies 0.4 mile N of Musoga Hana. Caution.An underwater obstruction lies 0.6 mile SW of Shiro Yama; a fish haven, with a depth of 17.2m, lies 0.6 mile SSE of the same summit. A wave meter, marked by a lighted buoy, lies about 0.9 mile ENE of Momo Shima.3.18 3.18 3.18 3.18 3.18 3.18

3.19 Shimakage Wan (Shimakage Wan) (3534'N., 13516'E.), a bight between Kuro Saki and Musoga Hana, is open to the N. The shoreline is mostly cliffs, fringed with rocky reefs, and stationary fish nets are set at various places within 0.75 mile offshore. Miyazu Wan is an inlet entered between Hami Saki and Kuro Saki, about 1.3 miles SSE. A light is shown from Kuro Saki. Its W side is mostly sandy beach, fringed by a shallow bank, extending as much as 0.3 mile offshore in places. The E side is indented, most of the points terminating in cliffs. The bay is about 1.4 miles wide and 5 miles long. The port of Miyazu Ko covers most of the S end of the bay. Aso Kai, a lagoon off the W shore of the bay, is separated from the bay by Amano Hashidate, a narrow pine covered spit of white sand almost 2 miles long. Monju Suido, the channel which connects the bay and lagoon, is located at the S end of the spit. This passage is about 840m long, 27m wide, and from 2 to 3m deep. TidesCurrents.The tidal currents in the bay move parallel to the shore. Rising and falling tides move SW and NE, respectively, with a maximum rate of 0.75 knot. DepthsLimitations.Depths in the bay decrease gradually from 27.4m in the entrance; the 9.2m curve lies close to shore in most places. The middle part of the bay, generally used by traffic, has depths exceeding 14.9m. Dangers in the bay are best located by chart observation. Aspect.A conspicuous cable railway runs up the slope of a hill at the NE end of Aso Kai. A light is shown from the top. A conspicuous white chimney, 41m high, is situated about 350m E of the railway station; a radio tower, 74m high, stands 600m NE of the station. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory, however, harbor pilots are available at Kurosaki Anchorage. Berthing is done during daylight hours only; unberthing may be done any time subject to adequate notice and approval from the pilot.3.19 3.19 3.19 3.19 3.19 3.19

Hami Saki to Kyoga Saki

3.21 Hami Saki (3537'N., 13515'E.), the N entrance point to Miyazu Wan, is fringed by reefs for 0.1 mile offshore. A clump of pines on the point makes a good target from the N or S.

Hami Saki Light

Ine Ko is a small cove, 3.5 miles NNE of Hami Saki, that affords sheltered anchorage to small vessels, in 23m, mud and sand. The main channel into the cove is 0.1 mile wide between

Sector 3. HonshuNorthwest CoastRokugo Saki to Murasaki Bana

the 18.2m curves. Lights mark the entrance to the cove. Wasi Saki (Washi Zaki) (3540'N., 13518'E.), a cliffy headland, is marked by a rock, 2m high, lying close off the SE end of the point. The currents in the vicinity of Wasi Saki are generally weak, but during N winds, a SE set with a velocity of 1 knot has been experienced 3 miles ENE of the point. Fishing nets may be encountered up to 0.75 mile offshore in this vicinity. Nii Saki is a low, rocky point located 2 miles N of Wasi Saki. Vessels should steer clear of the point during strong winter gales from the NW, because of heavy seas off the point. There is a cove at Odomari, about 1 mile NW of the point, but due to rocks at the entrance, is only available to small boats. Between Nii Saki and Kyoga Saki, the coast is steep-to and faced with cliffs. Taitsuri Shima, a conspicuous pointed rock, 17.9m high, lies 2.75 miles NNW of Nii Saki. Kabuto Saki is a densely wooded, cliffy headland about 2 miles SE of Kyoga Saki. A fish haven lies about 1 mile offshore ENE of Kabuto Saki. Honjo Ko is situated in a small bay close to the S of Kabuto Saki. A light is shown from the breakwater protecting Honjo Ko. Kyoga Saki (3546'N., 13514'E.) is a rounded headland fringed with rocks for a short distance seaward. The point is the W entrance point of Wakasa Wan. There are no harbors of any consequences and no dangers more than 0.25 mile offshore between Kyoga Saki and Taiza Kaku. There is an isolated rock, 3.1m high, about 2 miles W of the point. Kyoga Misaki Light is shown from a round tower, 11.9m high, standing on the NE slope. Two radio towers and a radar dome stand on a summit, 1 mile S of Kyoga Misaki; from the E, the towers are obscured by the dome.3.21 3.21 3.21 3.21 3.21 3.21

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3.22

The sea breaks over the patch from heavy swells. A number of fish havens lie up to 4.5 miles W of the islets. Asa Guri (3537'N., 13535'E.), an isolated group of rocks 5.75 miles E of Naryu Saki, has a least depth of 5.2m. Takate Guri, a rocky depth of 10.6m, lies about 2 miles SSE of Asa Guri.

Kyoga Saki to Kasumi Ko

3.23 Nishi Saki (3545'N., 13511'E.), about 2.5 miles WSW of Kyoga Saki, has the fishing village of Nakahama Ko close on its E shore. The approach to the village is difficult because of the many rocks and shoals. There is a small dock in the port, protected by a breakwater. The port is mainly used by small craft with local knowledge. A light is shown from the breakwater. Inu Zaki (Inuga Zaki), about 2 miles W of Nishi Saki, has a remarkable rounded summit, 260m high. A conspicuous, upright, and pointed rock lies close off the point. Taiza Ko (3544'N., 13505'E.) is located on a cliffy headland, fringed with foul ground up to 0.3 mile. Shiro Shima, an islet, lies close off the point. The small port is protected by a breakwater. Ana Saki, a bold headland faced with cliffs on its W side, is 84m high, and is located about 6 miles SW of Taiza Ko. Ashiura Yama, about 9 miles SSE of Ana Saki, is a prominent barren plateau, 661m high. A shoal, with a depth of 6.3m, was reported (1998) in position 3544'.7N, 13506'.0E close off Taiza Ko. Kumihama Wan (3538'N., 13455'E.) is a rather extensive saltwater lagoon, separated from the sea by a sandy spit. The approach to the lagoon is encumbered with sunken and abovewater rocks, and a heavy sea runs in on the coast, particularly in winter. Two artificial channels lead into the lagoon. Currents in the channels reach a velocity of 3 knots. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 24m, spans the main channel. The town of Kumihama is situated at the head of the lagoon. Kumihama Wan provides safe anchorage for small craft, in depths of up to 18m. Takeno Guri is a rocky depth of 3.1m, located 1.75 miles NNW of Kumihana Wan entrance. It is the outermost danger on this part of the coast.3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23

Wakasa Wan3.22 Wakasa Wan is a large open bay lying between Kyoga Saki and Echizen Misaki, a distance of 38 miles. The harbors are Miyazu Ko (previously described in paragraph 3.20) and Maizuru Ko (previously described in paragraph 3.17), located in the W part of the bay; Obama Ko (previously described in paragraph 3.13), located in the central part of the bay; and Tsuruga Ko (previously described in paragraph 3.10), located in the E part of the bay. On a line from Kyoga Saki to Tateishi Saki, on the E side of the bay, depths range from 36.5m to 183m. Depths decrease toward the head of the bay, but in general the headlands along the S shore are steep-to. Caution.Fishing buoys, made of bundles of bamboo, may be encountered in the approaches to Wakasa Wan as far as 20 miles NE of Kyoga Saki from July through October. A group of islets and rocks, some 3 miles long, N and S, are centered 5.5 miles E of Nii Zaki. Kammuri-jima, the largest and southernmost, is cliffy with a thickly-wooded summit, 170m high. Reefs and breaking rocks extend 137m SSE from the islet. Kutsu-jima, the N islet, consists of two rocky, closelying islets. The S and largest is sparsely wooded and cliffy on the E side, with a sharp summit, 74m high, at the N end. The N islet is a bare cylindrical rock with a blunt summit, 92m high. Reefs extend S for 0.2 mile from the S islet, and O Guri, an isolated, steep-to, and rocky depth, lies 0.6 mile N of the N islet.3.22 3.22 3.22

3.24 Tsuiyama Ko (3539'N., 13451'E.), located 3 miles W of Kumihama Wan, is 0.5 mile wide and indents the coast for about 1 mile. Maruyama Kawa flows into the SW corner of the harbor and affords good shelter for small craft. Tsuiyama Shima, separated from the coast by a narrow shallow channel, only used by small craft with local knowledge, lies on the W side of the entrance to Tsuiyama Ko. Lights are shown from the NE point of the island and the N side of the entrance to Tsuiyama Ko. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory. Pilots are available at Maizuru, 26 miles ESE. Entry and departure are permitted during daylight hours only. Anchorage.Anchorage is available W of the harbor breakwater, in 4 to 4.9m, mud. Vessels of 500 grt anchor outside the basin, in 7 to 15m, sand. With winds from the W through N, the swell makes the bay untenable, except inside the basin. Oto Guri, a rocky depth of 4.6m, lies 0.5 mile offshore in the center of the approach.3.24 3.24 3.24

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3.24

3.24

Neko Saki (3540'N., 13446'E.), a narrow thickly-wooded peninsula, is located 4 miles WNW of Tsuiyama Ko. The summit attains an elevation of 141m and is connected to the coast by a sandy isthmus. From a distance the peninsula appears as an island. A detached rocky patch, with a depth of 12.3m, lies about 0.4 mile N of the point. A light is shown from the point. Shibayama Ko, located about 4.5 miles W of Neko Saki, is a narrow inlet, with depths ranging from 20.1m in the entrance to 3.6m at the S end. Several villages are situated around the shores of the bay, which affords anchorage only to small vessels. The bay is open to the N and when a swell sets in, the whole bay becomes untenable.

Kasumi Ko Light Shiraishi Shima, a wooded islet, and Kuro Shima, with a pointed summit, lie in the E approach to Kasumi Ko. Numerous rocks fringe the islets and a depth of about 1m lies midway between Shiraishi Shima and the peninsula. Caution.Depths of 1 to 3m less than charted may be found in Kasumi Ko.3.25 3.25

Amarube Saki to Sakai Ko

3.26 Amarube Saki (3540'N., 13432'E.) is a steep-to prominent headland located 4.5 miles WNW of Kasumi Ko. The point is densely wooded and faced by cliffs that rise to a height of 270m. A bare, rounded hill, 551m high, stands 1.5 miles SSW of the point. When seen from the N, the hill appears to have two summits. Two miles SE of the point, the triangular white cliff at Matsuga Saki is conspicuous, especially from the NE. Amarube Saki Light is shown on the middle slopes of the headland, 0.25 mile SSE of the extremity. A second light is shown on the point from a framework structure, 6m high. Moroyose Ko (3537'N., 13426'E.), a small cove at the head of a larger bay, is located about 6 miles WSW of Amarube Saki. The port is considered the best natural fishing harbor on this part of the coast. A light is shown from the SE corner of the port. West of the fishing harbor is a marina, with depths of less than 3.1m, protected by breakwaters. Anchorage depths in the bay range from 4.9 to 10.1m. Taziri Ko, a fishing harbor protected by breakwaters, lies 1.25 miles ENE of Ajiro Saki. Ajiro Saki is a reddish-colored rocky point, located about 1 mile W of a thickly-wooded summit, 203m high. Ajiro Ko is a fishing harbor, protected by breakwaters, on the S side of Ajiro3.26 3.26 3.26

Shibayama Ko Light 3.25 Kasumi Ko (3539'N., 13438'E.) is a fishing port situated 2.5 miles SW of Shiba-yama Ko. The bay, about 2 miles wide at the entrance, is divided into two parts by a peninsula. Nishi Hama lies to the W and Higashi Hama to the E. Commercially, the basin on the W side of the peninsula is the most important, while the E side serves as a fishing harbor. The harbor is protected by breakwaters. Anchorage.Vessels anchor in the middle of the inlet, in a depth of 9.2m, sand. Small vessels anchor inside the breakwaters, in depths of 3.1 to 4.9m.

3.25

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73

breakwaters. North winds raise a heavy sea at the harbor entrance, making entry dangerous. The channel from the harbor entrance to the main pier has a depth of 5.5m during good weather. Toriga Shima, an islet 27m high, lies close N of the river entrance. Nagao Hana (3532'N., 13400'E.), a rugged wooded cape, 81m high, lies 8.5 miles W of Karo Ko. About 7 miles SSE of the cape stands Jubo San, 921m high. The summit of this mountain forms a prominent landmark. Tomari Ko, a small fishing harbor, lies 3.5 miles WSW of Nagao Hana. The harbor, with depths of 1 to 3m, is protected by three breakwaters. During strong W winds, heavy seas enter the harbor. The coast W of this area is mainly sandy beaches and alternating high cliffs. A number of small fishing harbors lie between Tomari Ko and Mi Saki, 17 miles farther W.3.27 3.27 3.27

3.27

Amarube Saki Light Saki. The depths in the harbor are less than 3.1m. Drifting sands from the Kamo Kawa make the narrow harbor entrance shallower at times. 3.27 Shichiyama Saki (3534'N., 13417'E.) is a steep grassy point which rises at the summit of Shichiyama to a height of 314m, and lies about 1.5 miles SW of Ajiro Saki. Shichiyama Saki marks the boundary between sandy beaches and low dunes to the W, and the steep and rugged coastline, backed by mountains, to the E. Amo Shima, an islet 21m high, lies 0.75 mile offshore, about 2 miles W of Shichiyama Saki. Tottori Ko (3532'N., 13411'E.), a small harbor at the mouth of Sendai Kawa, is located about 5 miles WSW of Shichiyama Saki. The harbor is a fishing port, protected by

3.27

Mikuriya Saki (3530'N., 13330'E.), a low shingle-fringed point, is located 4.75 miles WSW of Mi Saki. The point marks the E entrance side of Miho Wan. Miho Wan, a bight open to the NE, is entered between Jizo Saki and Mikuriya Saki. Depths in the bay decrease gradually from 31m at the entrance, to the sandy beaches of the shore. Several charted fish havens exist throughout Miho Wan. The bottom in most parts of the bay is mud and sand. The Hino Gawa flows into the head of Miho Wan on its S shore. Sakai Ko, a port of entry, lies on the NW shore of the bay. Naka Umi (3528'N., 13312'E.) is a large saltwater lagoon W of Miho Wan. The central part of the lagoon has a flat bottom with depths of 5.8 to 8.9m. Two islands, Daikon Shima and E Shima, lie in the N end of the lagoon. Nakaeno Seto, the narrow passage from Miho Wan into Naka Umi, is marked by buoys and lighted ranges. Sinzi Ko (Shinji Ko) is a large freshwater lake W of Naka Umi, to which it is connected by the Okyo Gawa. The lake is 9 miles long and 3 miles wide. Depths in its center range from 4.9 to 5.8m.

Sakai Ko (3533'N., 13315'E.)

World Port Index No. 61750 3.28 Sakai Ko is a port of entry, located in the NW part of Miho Wan, on the S side of the E end of Nakaeno Seto. Sakai Ko is entered S of Sakai breakwater (3532'N., 13316'E.). The port consists of Section 2, Section 1, and Section 3 in order from the port entrance to the N part of Naka Umi.

North of E Shima Quay

WindsWeather.Strong NW winds prevail during the winter months. The E wind predominates in March. Light S winds are common in summer and by October, bad weather sets in again. Fog accompanies E winds in early summer, but usually dissipates within 2 to 3 hours. Winds will frequently blow from one direction for extended periods, sometimes as long as 20 days. TidesCurrents.The rising tide sets into Nakano Seto from 3 hours after LW until 3 hours after HW; the falling tide sets seaward for the remainder of the cycle. Tidal currents are weak inside the harbor. DepthsLimitations.The draft limitation in North Passage is 14m; a maximum draft of 10.1m is permitted in South Passage. Nakaura Suido, dredged to a depth of 7m (2007), leads to Section 3. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 33m, crosses the channel close N of Nakaura Suimon pier. The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Sakai KoBerthing Facilities. Piers No. 1-4 are established in front of a petroleum terminal located about 0.5 mile SW of Sakai Ko breakwater light. Four mooring buoys are laid W of the root of Sakai-Suido O Hashi; another mooring buoy is located near Eshima Quay. Pilotage.Pilots are available but are not compulsory. Pilots are available during daylight hours only and board 1.5 miles E of Sakai Ko Breakwater Light. Anchorage.Good anchorage is available outside the har3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28 3.28

bor breakwater, in 10.9 to 14.6m, sand and mud, good holding ground. A circular quarantine anchorage, about 0.5 mile in diameter, is centered about 1 mile SSE of the end of the breakwater entrance. However, the quarantine anchorage is not suitable for large vessels, which should anchor 2 miles ESE of Sakai Breakwater Light.3.28

Zizo Saki (Jizo Saki) to Hinomi Saki

3.29 From Zizo Saki, the coast trends WSW for 36 miles to Hinomi Saki. The coast is rocky and generally steep-to, with no dangers more than a mile offshore. The W half of this section of coast is comparatively regular, but the E part is broken by numerous small inlets. A range of hills backs the entire length of this section of coast. Oki Gunto, a group of islands, lies 25 miles N of the coast. The E current between the islands and the mainland runs strong during periods of SW winds. The islands are described in paragraph 3.32. Zizo Saki (3534'N., 13320'E.) is the E end of a rugged peninsula that forms the N side of Miho Wan. Chinogozen-jima, a group of four above-water rocks, lie 0.15 mile NE of the point. Okinogosen-jima, a rock 6m high, lies 1.75 miles NE of Zizo Saki. Jiura Guri, a rocky depth of 0.9m, lies close NE of Okinogosen-jima.3.29 3.29 3.29

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Sector 3. HonshuNorthwest CoastRokugo Saki to Murasaki Bana

Mihonoseki Ko (3534'N., 13319'E.), protected by a breakwater, lies about 1 mile SW of Zizo Saki. Takao Yama (3533'N., 13314'E.), 332m high, is located 4 miles W of Zizo Saki. The summit is marked by a conspicuous green-domed radar station. Chikumi Wan (Kasa Ura), a small bay, located 4.5 miles W of Takao Yama, affords shelter to small vessels from all but the E winds. The small village of Chikumi lies at the head of the bay.3.29 3.29 3.29

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3.32

3.30 Uomi Hana (3536'N., 13306'E.), the N headland between Hinomi Saki and Jizo Saki, is a barren reddish promontory fringed with reefs. Saza Guri, a steep-to rocky depth of 9.2m, lies 0.75 mile N of Tako Hana, the N point of Uomi Hana. A light is shown from Tako Hana. Etomo Ko (3531'N., 13258'E.) is a fishing harbor located at the head of the bay on the mouth of the Sada Kawa. Small vessels can navigate the river which is connected to Sinzi Ko. The harbor of Etomo Ko is enclosed by two breakwaters. The entrance between them is partially protected by a third detached breakwater. The harbor is used mainly by fishing boats. Lights are shown at the head of the S breakwater, and at the SW end of the detached breakwater. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 8.2m, extends between the N breakwater head and the detached breakwater. Anchorage is available, in depths of 6 to 7m, S of the offshore breakwater. Depths in the anchorage inside the breakwater range from 3.1 to 4m. Between Etomo Ko and Uppurui Wan, 12 miles W, the coast is rocky and should not be approached closer than 0.5 mile. A number of small villages lie on this stretch of the coast. Uppurui Wan (3528'N., 13245'E.) lies on the S side of the promontory which terminates in Uppurui Hana. Uppurai Hana Light is shown from a round tower, 5.8m high. The bay is 2 miles wide at its mouth and runs E and W for 2 miles. The bay affords good shelter from all winds except from those in the W to N. Anchorage.Anchorage is obtainable by small vessels in Uppurui Wan on sand or rock, good holding ground, but is not recommended as the bay is completely open W and N, and due to the funneling effect of the hinterland, E winds raise a sea.3.30 3.30 3.30 3.30 3.30 3.30

3.32

3.32

3.32

3.32

3.32

3.32

3.31 Hinomi Saki, a high, cliffy point fringed by foul ground, lies 5 miles WSW of Uppurui Hana. The point forms the NW extremity of a promontory of which Oishi Bana is the SW extremity. Hino Misaki Light is shown from a round stone tower, 44m high. An auxiliary light, shown from a round concrete tower 13.1m high, is situated close NE of the main light. Caution.Large fishing buoys made of bamboo or logs are set 10 to 50 miles off this coast from spring through autumn. From November through February, large fish nets are set N of Hinomi Saki; the N and W ends of the nets may be marked with lights.3.31

3.32

3.32

Off-lying Islands3.32 Oki Gunto (3610'N., 13310'E.), an island group con2sisting of Dogo, the NE island, and Dozen, three smaller islands with numerous rocks and islets to the SW, is located 25 miles N of Uomi Hana. Dogo and Dozen are separated by a

3.32

channel almost 6 miles wide. The islands are comparatively high and rugged; the land used mostly for farming. Tidal currents in the area are weak and irregular. Dozen consists of three main islands, so disposed that they nearly enclose a water area that can be approached by any one of the three channels leading between them. Ciburi Shima is the S island; Nisino Shima, the largest, is the NW island; and Nakano Shima is the NE island. Nisino Shima consists of two sections joined by a narrow isthmus. Takuhi Yama, the highest peak in Dozen, 452m high, rises near the S end of the NE section which places it nearly in the center of the group. Nakai Kuchi, the passage separating Nishino Shima and Nakano Shima, has a navigable width of 0.25 mile. A depth of 20.1m can be carried through the middle. Two small islets, 1 mile offshore, obstruct the N approach, and a rocky depth of 17m lies in mid-channel just inside the N entrance. Tidal currents in the passage set S with a rising tide at a maximum of 0.75 knot and N with falling tide at 1.5 knots. Nakano Shima is indented by several coves which afford shelter to small vessels. Atodo Yama, the islands highest peak, is 246m high. O Guchi (Kiro Kuchi), the channel between Nakano Shima and Chiburi Shima, has depths in excess of 36.5m for a width of over 1 mile, except for a rocky depth of 32.9m near midchannel, close W of the entrance. Chiburi Shima is the S island of the group. Chibu Wan, on the S shore, affords shelter for small vessels. Kurii Ko is a small harbor, protected by breakwaters, on the NE side of the island. Akahage Yama, 325m high, is the highest peak. Meguri, a rock lying in the W approach to the cove W of Chiburi Wan, is illuminated at night by a light shown on Mikoshi Hana, the W entrance point to this cove. Another light stands close N of the one on Mikoshi Hana. Akanadano Seto (Akanada Kuchi) separates the NW end of Chiburi Shima from the S point of Nishino Shima. An overhead cable, with vertical clearance of 40m, spans the fairway which has a depth of 34.7m and a channel width of 0.25 mile. Tidal currents of up to 1 knot set E with the rising tide and W with the falling tide. Because of the E ocean current, the rising tide is usually stronger and longer lasting. During rough weather, the current may set W all day. Urago Wan, an inlet on the S side of Nishino Shima, affords anchorage, in 20.1m to 32.9m, mud and sand, good holding ground. A submarine cable is laid from the point of the small peninsula, located due W of Takuhi Yama, SSE to a point on the N shore of Chibura Shima. Urago village is situated at the head of the bay. Directions.Vessels proceeding to the Urago Wan anchorage by way of O Guchi should approach the passage with Kuroshima Bana in line bearing 283 with Tawara Shima. When abeam of Kiroga Saki, alter course to 307 to steer for the 258m hill near the head of the SW cove. When abeam of Okatsura Shima, distant 0.7 mile, alter course to 326 to steer for the 85m hill on Shimane Saki. Then proceed to the anchorage. Dogo Suido, the channel separating Dozen and Dogo, is 6 miles wide; however, rocks and reefs reduce the fairway to about 2.5 miles between Omori Shima and Onbe Shima. It has a least depth of 31m in mid-channel. Pub. 159

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headland. The harbor of Oura is protected by breakwaters. Nima Ko (3509'N., 13225'E.) is a small fishing harbor located about 2 miles SSW of Oura Hana. Maetaka Guri, a rocky depth of 8.7m, lies 0.75 mile NW of the harbor entrance. Yunotsu Ko, a small harbor, opened to the NW, lies 4.5 miles SSW of Nima Ko. The town of Yunotsu is situated on the N side of the harbor. Oetaka Yama, a conspicuous peak 808m high, lies 4.5 miles ESE of the town. Gotsu Ko (3501'N., 13214'E.) is a small harbor at the mouth of the Go Kawa. There is usually a heavy sea off the entrance to the port. When in freshlets, the river current is reported to reach a rate of 10 knots. Vessels of less than 100 grt frequent the harbor. Aka Hana, about 8 miles SW of Gotsu Ko, is a red cliff fringed with a rocky shoal. There is a large sand hill about 2.5 miles NE of the cliff which is very prominent from the SW and W.

3.32

3.32

Omori Shima is a steep, grassy islet with a sharp conspicuous peak, 155m high, near the NE end. A number of dangers lie within the area, 0.5 mile SE of the islet. Sakai Guri, a group of four low above-water rocks, lies on the outer end of a bank which extends about 4 miles S from Omori Shima. Onbe Shima, a group of four rocks, the highest being 23m high, lie 2.5 miles NNE of Omori Shima. The rocks are the outermost danger fringing the SW coast of Dogo.

3.34

3.34

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3.33

3.33

3.33 Dogo (3615'N., 13317'E.), the largest of the islands, is about 10 miles in diameter. The island is cliffy and fringed with numerous islets and rocks that extend up to 0.5 mile offshore. Daimanji Yama, 608m high, the highest peak, is a good landmark. Saigo Ko (3612'N., 13320'E.), the capital and principal town in Oki Gunto, lies on the SE coast of Dogo. Within the entrance, the harbor branches off to the N and W, forming two coves. The entrance to the harbor is narrow, but free of danger except for a rock, 1m high, on the E side of the entrance. Vessels of up to 1,000 grt, drawing 4m, berth alongside. Pilots are not available. Anchorage.Vessels generally anchor in the N cove. The W cove has a narrow shoaled entrance making it unsuitable as an anchorage. The N cove anchorage has depths of 18.2 to 32.9m, mud. A small rocky area, 12.8m deep, lies near the center of the cove.

3.34

Hamada Ko (3453'N., 13204'E.)

World Port Index No. 61730 3.35 Hamada Ko, a port of entry, is divided into two sectors; commercial trade is handled in the S sector, while the N sector is used as the fishing port. Both the N and S sectors are protected by breakwaters. A number of islands, scattered along the N edge of the harbor, also provide good shelter to the port. DepthsLimitations.Nagahama Ko, the commercial center of the port, is protected by reclaimed land and the W breakwater. The draft limitations in the channel are 9m at Nagahama Wharf No. 2 and 7m at Nagahama Wharf No. 1. Larger vessels handle cargo offshore according to their draft. Isaki Se, a rocky shoal having a least depth of 12.2m, lies in the approach to the port, about 0.8 mile W of the breakwater.3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35

Taisha Ko to Hamada Ko3.34 From Taisha Ko, the coast trends SW for 44 miles to Hamada Ko, a port of entry. The coast is rocky and generally steep-to with no dangers more than 1 mile offshore. A range of hills backs the entire length of coast in this vicinity and numerous small coves indent the shore. Taisha Ko (3524'N., 13240'E.) is a small artificial fishing harbor located 2.5 miles SE of Hinomi Saki. Sheltered anchorage is available off the port, in 9.2m, sand. The anchorage is protected from N and E winds. The harbor is protected by two breakwaters and a breakwater in ruins (2007). A wave meter lies 1.3 miles SSW of the entrance to Taisha Ko. Oura Hana, thickly wooded with pine trees, is prominent from the N and W. Several rocks fringe the NE side of the3.34 3.34

3.35

Hamada Ko, the fishing center of the port, is protected by breakwaters. Depths in the harbor range up to 4m. Vessels of up to 300 grt can enter the fishing port. Matsuhara Ura, in which the depths are less than 5.5m, is situated in the NE corner of the harbor. Hamada Kawa flows into the S side of the inlet.

Sector 3. HonshuNorthwest CoastRokugo Saki to Murasaki Bana

Location W part of Fukui Wharf E part of Fukui Wharf N part of Fukui Wharf S part of Fukui Wharf

Length 130m 90m 280m 130m

Depth 7.5m 5.5m 13.6m 7.5m

Vessel size 5,000 dwt 2,000 dwt 30,000 dwt 5,000 dwt

The principal berthing facilities are described in the table titled Hamada KoBerthing Facilities. Pilotage.Pilots are available at the quarantine anchorage during daylight hours only. Anchorage.The best anchorage available is off the fishing harbor, in 12.8m, mud bottom. With strong W winds, vessels anchor, in 12.8m, off the commercial harbor, 0.25 mile SE of O Shima. A lighted buoy marks shoal water about 0.5 mile ENE of O Shima. A rectangular quarantine anchorage, 430m by 795m, lying NE-SW, is centered 0.67 mile E of Shakkuri. Pilots board at the quarantine anchorage. Small vessels anchor E of Setoga Shima or in Tono Ura, in 3.1 to 4.6m, mud.3.35 3.35 3.35 3.35

Hamada Ko to Koyama Misaki

3.36 From Hamada Ko the coast, generally steep-to, trends SW for about 24 miles to Koyama Misaki. Except for Esaki Ko, the shoreline is regular and with the exception of Taka Shima all inlets and known dangers lie within 1 mile of the coast. Several small fishing villages lie on this section of the coast. Taima Yama (3449'N., 13201'E.), a prominent peak with an elevation of 609m, is located 4 miles SSW of Hamada Ko. Taima Yama is surmounted by five radio towers marked by obstruction lights. Kannon Saki is a cliffy headland located about 5.5 miles SW of Taima San. The small port of Sutsu lies 1 mile E of the point. Taka Shima (3450'N., 13150'E.), a high steep-to island, lies almost 5 miles NW of Kannon Saki. It is 0.5 mile in length and 117m high. The island provides a good landmark for shipping along the coast. Taka Shima Light is shown from a concrete tower, 14.9m high, standing on the summit of the island. Maeno Se, an isolated depth of 15.8m, is located 1 mile E of the island. Esaki Ko (3439'N., 13139'E.) is a narrow L-shaped inlet with a minimum navigable width of 0.1 mile and a depth of 5.5m. The port is used mainly by fishing vessels. At the entrance to the port, flood current sets onshore and the ebb current sets offshore. Aspect.The port is best identified by Ko Yama (3439'N., 13137'E.), a mountain 533m high, located 0.75 mile S of Koyama Misaki. A second peak, close E, is 478m high. From the W they appear as one rounded summit. Shiritaka Yama, 0.25 mile SE of Ryujin Saki, is 174m high. Saidoji, a hexagonal temple, is a prominent mark at the head of the harbor. Directions.From a position 1 mile off the harbor mouth, the approach is indicated by the alignment (202) of leading3.36 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.36

lights.The front light (3439'N., 13139'E.) is shown from a round concrete tower, 4.9m high, with an arrowhead daymark.The rear light is shown from a similar daymark, situated 120m SSW of the front light. These towers show up well and lead through the harbor entrance, with rocks on the W side and deep water close inshore on the E side. About 1.5 miles within the entrance, two breakwaters afford protection to the anchorage and port. Anchorage.Anchorage, in depths of 4.9 to 7m, in Esaki Ko is only suitable for vessels up to 1,000 dwt. It is well-sheltered, but the mud bottom is reported to be very soft. Koyama Misaki, a conspicuous and salient headland, is the termination of the N slope of Ko Yama. Shiro Se, a chain of rocks, some above-water, extends NW for 0.4 mile from the NW side of Koyama Misaki. A light is shown from the point. Nanatsu Shima is a group of rocky islets lying 1 mile to the NW of Koyama Misaki.3.36 3.36 3.36

Susa Ko to Hagi Ko3.37 Susa Ko (3438'N., 13136'E.) is entered between Kotohirage Hana and Kamega Kubi. The entrance is encumbered by a group of islets and rocks lying almost in mid-channel, and by foul ground extending N for 0.15 mile from Kotohirage Hana. Breakwaters protect the fishing harbor at the head of the inlet. A light is shown from Tenjin Shima. The preferred channel to Susa Ko is between Tenjin Shima, the largest islet, and Kuro Shima. Depths shoal gradually from 31m in the entrance, with general depths of 9 to 18.2m in the central part of the harbor. Tidal currents at the entrance to Susa Ko are weak, with the NE current reaching a maximum about 1 to 2 hours before local HW and the SW current reaching its maximum at about the same interval before local LW. Anchorage is available, in 14m, mud, 0.1 mile S of Benten Shima, a small islet marked by a shrine, lying off the N shore of the harbor. Limited swinging room restricts the two N coves to vessels of less than 100 grt. Uta Shima (3434'N., 13129'E.), a flat-topped pine-covered islet, lies 2.5 miles offshore, 6 miles SW of Susa Ko. Futajima Guri, with a depth of 11.6m, lies 2 miles NW of Uta Shima. Hime Shima, 92m high, lies 2 miles ESE of Uta Shima. The channel between these two islets is deep and free of dangers. Modoro Misaki (3432'N., 13128'E.), a high point faced with rounded cliffs, lies about 3 miles SSW of Uta Shima. The point rises to Todake Yame, thickly wooded and 416m high. It is prominent, especially when viewed from N. A light is shown on the SW side of the cape. O Shima (3430'N., 13125'E.), 90m high, lies about 3 miles3.37 3.37 3.37 3.37 3.37 3.37

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Sector 3. HonshuNorthwest CoastRokugo Saki to Murasaki Bana

Senzaki Wan, about 4 miles long and 2 miles wide, is located 7 miles W of Hogi Ko. Numerous islets and dangers lie in the approach and entrance to the bay, but the bay and harbor are relatively unencumbered. Depths shoal from 36.5m in the entrance of the bay to 18.2m off the entrance to Senzaki Ko.

SW of Modoro Misaki. A village is situated on the S shore. A light is shown from the SE corner of the island. A submarine cable lies about 0.8 mile SW of the light and proceeds in a NW direction to the island, about 20 miles distant.3.37

3.39

Hagi Ko (3425'N., 13124'E.)

World Port Index No. 61720 3.38 Hagi Ko is a port of entry and a fishing center. Hagi, the principal city of Yamaguti, is an important industrial center. A group of six islands lies up to 5 miles offshore on the approach to the harbor. The islands are mostly flat-topped and marked by steep cliffs. The city of Hagi is situated in the delta area between the two branches of Abu Kawa. The port is entered between Ose Hana and the SW side of Koshigahama Hanto. WindsWeather.During the winter months, the prevailing winds are from the W. From March through November, NE winds are the most frequent; SE winds are rare. Fog seldom occurs in this vicinity. TidesCurrents.Tidal currents are weak and the slight ocean current off the harbor sets NE. The current sets NE with a rising tide, attaining maximum strength at HW. With a falling tide, the current sets SW and is strongest at LW. DepthsLimitations.Depths in the harbor shoal gradually from 23.7m in the entrance. Kata Ko, the commercial port at the head of the N cove, has depths of 7m at the dock. According to reports, vessels of up to 2,700 grt, with maximum drafts of 6.7m, can be accommodated. Pilotage.A pilot is available, but arrangements must be made well in advance. The pilot boards 1.1 miles SW of Kasa Yama, where quarantine clearance is conducted. Anchorage.Anchorage is available, in 18.2m, mud and fine sand, S of Kasa Yama. The roadstead is open to the NW and vessels frequently drag anchor when winds from that quarter exceed 15 knots. Caution.Fish havens have been set in the harbor and its approaches.3.38 3.38 3.38 3.38 3.38 3.38

3.40 Senzaki Ko (3423'N., 13112'E.), a fishing harbor in the SW part of Senzaki Wan, is sheltered from all winds; breakwaters protect the harbor basin. Depths within the basin range from 2 to 6m. A shoal, less than 4.9m deep, extends for about 0.5 mile on the E side of the fishing port breakwater. DepthsLimitations.A pier at the cement factory, S of the fishing harbor, has a depth of 8.9m alongside. It has been reported that vessels up to 8,500 grt use the berth. Anchorage.Vessels anchor, in depths of 8 to 14.9m, mud and sand. Vessels of 10,000 grt anchor here. Weather and tidal conditions are similar to those at Hagi Ko. Senzaki Seto is a narrow channel, used by small vessels drawing up to 3.1m, that connects Senzaki Wan to Fukawa Wan. It is free of dangers, but the shoals in the W approach are dangerous in a heavy sea. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 22.9m, and a bridge, with a vertical clearance of 12.9m, span the passage. The E tidal current flows through Senzaki Seto from 4 hours before until 2 hours after high tide at Odomari, with a maximum velocity of 2 knots. The W current may run at a rate of 1 knot. At the turn the currents may be irregular for 1 or 2 hours, sometimes with a slack period of 15 minutes.3.40 3.40 3.40 3.40

Hagi Ko to Tsuno Shima and Mi Shima

3.39 From Hagi Ko, the coast trends W for 21 miles to Kawashiri Misaki, then SW for 9 miles to Tsuno Shima. The mountains in this vicinity rise abruptly from the coast, which is broken by numerous bays and inlets. Mi Shima is located 22 miles N of the mainland. Ai Shima (3430'N., 13117'E.), 157m high, is located 7 miles NW of Hagi Ko. It is the largest and outermost island in the approach to Senzaki Wan. A light is shown from the NW side of the island. O Shima (3425'N., 13116'E.), 115m high, located 5.5 miles S of Ai Shima, lies in the entrance to Senzaki Wan. Foul ground fringes the entire E side from N to S, extending out to 1 mile. A light is shown from the N tip of the island. Kabe Iwa, 33m high, is located 1.5 miles NE of O Shima, the outlying danger on the E side of the main approach channel to Senzaki Wan. Shojin Guri, a rocky depth of 4.9m, lies 0.6 mile ENE of Kabe Iwa.3.39 3.39

3.41 Omi Shima (3425'N., 13112'E.) consists of two parts connected by a narrow isthmus, 200m wide. The W side of the island forms the E shore of Fukawa Wan; the S side forms the N shore of Senzaki Wan. Taka Yama, a conspicuous, conical mountain, 320m high, rises near the NW end of the island. The N and E coasts of Omi Shima are fringed with foul ground to a distance of 0.2 mile. Fukawa Wan, a bay, entered between Ima Misaki and Takenoko Bana, is located 3.5 miles W of Senzaki Wan. The bay affords sheltered anchorage from all winds except from the N, good holding ground with a sandy bottom. Depths recede gradually from 40m at the entrance to foul ground at the head of the bay. A light is shown from Ima Misaki. Mi Shima (3446'N., 13109'E.) appears long and undulating from the NW. The island is 2.75 miles in length and 1.75 miles wide. The highest point is 182m and located near the middle of the W side of the island. There are no dangers other than rocks scattered along the coast. Local fishermen anchor off Utsu Ko, a small fishing village at the head of a bight on the E side of the island, in 7.3 to 20.1m, rock and gravel. The current in the vicinity of the island sets E with a velocity sometimes as high as 2.5 knots. It is particularly strong off the N side of the island.3.41 3.41 3.41

3.42 Kawashiri Misaki (3426'N., 13059'E.), a cliffy and thickly-wooded projection, 60m high, is located 7.5 miles W of Ima Misaki. The ocean current flows close off the point and causes tide rips which are very heavy during the summer months. A light is shown from the point. Yuya Wan is entered between Orikama Hana and the SW extremity of Yuya Hanto, about 2.25 miles to the NE. Depths3.42

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Sector 3. HonshuNorthwest CoastRokugo Saki to Murasaki Bana

range from 45.7m in the middle of the entrance approach to 9.2m less than 1 mile from the head of the bay. The N shore is relatively steep-to, but the E end of the S shore is fringed with shoal water and sunken rocks up to 0.5 mile offshore. The bay is considered a good harbor of refuge. Oura Byochi is the most sheltered cove in Yuya Wan and affords good anchorage, in 14.6 to 23.7m, mud, good holding ground. The cove gives good protection during the Northwest Monsoons. Caution.A large number of fishing boats operate within Yuya Wan and several fish havens lie in the approaches and entrance to Yuya Wan.3.42 3.42

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3.43

Tidal currents in the vicinity of Shiomaki are greatly altered by the Tsushima Current. The flood current sets SSW for about 1 hour at the maximum rate of 0.75 knot; the ebb current sets NNE for 11 hours at a maximum rate of 2.25 knots.

Tsuno Shima to Murasaki Bana

3.44 From Tsuno Shima, the coast trends S for 20 miles to Murasaki Bana. The coast from Tsuno Shima to Kannon Zaki is rocky and steep. From Kannon Zaki to Murasaki Bana, the coast is mostly sandy beach backed by low hills. In general, the 20m curve lies less than 1 mile offshore. Numerous fish havens exist along this part of the coast. Futago Shima (3420'N., 13053'E.) consists of two rocky islets surrounded by a reef and located 1.5 miles SE of Tsuno Shima. The N islet is the higher, reaching a height of 42m. The summits of the islets are thickly wooded. The passage between the islets and the mainland is mostly foul. Kottoi Ko, a small harbor located about 1.3 miles SE of Futago Shima, lies in a small inlet. The SW side of the entrance is encumbered by reefs and foul ground. The inlet affords good anchorage, in 7m, mud, good holding ground. Small vessels take shelter here during bad weather. A light is shown from the N entrance point. Kanda Misaki is a low wooded point located about 2 miles SSW of Kottoi Ko. The point is fringed by sunken and drying rocks. Nezumi Shima, a small islet fringed with foul ground, lies 1 mile N of Kanda Misaki.3.44 3.44 3.44

3.43 Tsuno Shima (3421'N., 13051'E.), about 2.3 miles long, is separated from the mainland by Amaga Seto, a shallow and dangerous passage, which has a least width of 0.75 mile. The buoyed channel through Amaga Seto has been dredged to 3.1m and is 50m wide. Vessels up to 200 grt use the channel. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of about 18m, is under construction across Amaga Seto close NE of Hato Shima. Shoals and drying rocks fringe the E and W ends of the island and extend to the 20m curve, which lies up to 0.75 mile offshore. Anchorage, sheltered from W winds, is available off Oyama, on the SE side of the island. Shiomaki (3425'N., 13048'E.), located 5 miles NW of Tsuno Shima, is a detached reef, 11m deep; it is marked by tide rips which are heaviest in summer. Strong NW winds raise a sea over the reef.3.43 3.43 3.43

3.44

Osaki Bana (3413'N., 13055'E.), fringed with reefs, rises to Sabatsuri Yama, 190m high, and surmounted by a clump of pine trees. Ryugu Iwa, 18.9m high, lies 0.5 mile NW of the point. Atsu Shima consists of two large islands in a group of islets and rocks, lying 1 mile offshore, located 2.5 miles SSE of Osaki Bana. The N island is Me Shima and the S island, the larger, is O Shima. Both the islands are thickly wooded. Kabe Shima, a rock 10.1m high, is the northernmost danger in the group. Maru Se, a rock awash, reduces the fairway to less than 0.2 mile. 3.45 Futaoi-jima (3406'N., 13047'E.) lies about 7 miles SW of Atsu Shima and 3 miles off the mainland. The shoreline of the island is steep and cliffy, especially on its W side. The NW part of the island consists of three peaks, the highest with an elevation of 250m. A light is shown from Kanega Saki, located on the SW side of the island. Mizu Shima, a rock 3.7m high, lies 1 mile SE of Futaoi-jima. A buoy marks the E side of the foul ground off the rock. Murasaki Bana (3401'N., 13054'E.) is a low, flat, salient point covered with pine trees. The town of Yasuokamachi lies close E of the point. Kurumi Se, a gravel bank, lies near the NW end of the shoal area extending 1.5 miles NW from the point. A light is shown from Kurumi Se.

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3.45

Kottoi Light

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81 4. Tsushima

4.0

Additional chart coverage may be found in NGA/DLIS Catalog of Maps, Charts, and Related Products (Unlimited Distribution).

SECTOR 4 CHART INFORMATION

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SECTOR 4TSUSHIMAPlan.The front of this sector contains general information regarding Shimono Shima and Kamino Shima, the two main islands that comprise Tsushima. The S and W sides of Shimono Shima, Aso Wan, and the W and N sides of Kamino Shima are then described in that order from S to N. Finally, the E side of Shimono Shima and the E side of Kamino Shima are described in that order from S to N.4.0

strength of successive tidal currents may also be considered.

Shimono ShimaSouth and West Coasts

4.2 Ko Saki (3405'N., 12913'E.), the S extremity of Shimono Shima, is also the S extremity of a small peninsula which rises to Ko Yama, a prominent pointed thickly-wooded summit, 233m high. Hoshinoko Shima, a peculiar shaped rocky islet, 47m high, lies about 0.5 mile NE of Ko Saki. A lighthouse, which is prominent from a distance, stands on Ko Saki. On the point, there is a signal station, with which vessels can communicate during daylight hours. A light is shown about 1.5 miles N of the lighthouse. Tsutsu Wan (Tutu Wan) is an open bay entered between Ko Saki and Tsutsu Saki, 2.5 miles to the WNW. The shores of the bay are mostly rocky. The village of Tsutsu is situated at the head of the bay. Anchorage for vessels up to 3,000 grt is afforded, in depths of over 10m, in a position close S of the breakwaters during N winds. Winds from the S cause a heavy sea and the anchorage cannot be used. Vessels anchor, in 12.8 to 16.5m, about 0.5 mile off the W side of the bay, S of Tsutsu. Kono Se is a drying reef extending 0.75 mile in a SSW direction from Tsutsu Zaki. The reef is 4.6m high and prominent from the E and W. A light marks the S end of the reef. Komatsu Se (3405'N., 12909'E.), a rocky patch with a depth of 7.8m, is located 0.75 mile SE of Kono Se Light. From Tsutsu Zaki to Go Sake, 14 miles to the N, the coastline runs S to N in a fairly straight line. Outside the 20m curve, 0.5 mile offshore, the coast is free of dangers. The shore is indented by coves and small bays on which a few small villages stand. A light is shown 0.5 mile W of the village of Komoda.

General Remarks4.1 Tsushima consists of two large islands and several smaller ones lying in Korea Strait between the NW coast of Kyushu and the S end of Korea. The two large islands are separated by a narrow channel, the E entrance of which is only available to small craft. Tsushima is mainly known for its fishing industry. Shimono Shima and Kamino Shima, the two main islands of Tsushima, are both mountainous. Shimono Shima, the S island, attains an elevation of 662m at Yatate Yama, a wooded mountain with a flat summit, about 5.8 miles from the S extremity of the island. Kamino Shima, the N island, is lower in height and appears comparatively level. The islands are separated by Aso Wan, which is very shallow at its E end. The coastline of both islands is indented with many coves and bays. WindsWeather.Strong NW winds prevail during the winter and raise heavy seas off the W coast of Tsushima. In some parts of Tsushima, a peculiar cold wind known as Kankeburi blows seaward from inland and causes thick fog on the sea. The temperature within the fog is usually 6 degrees lower than outside. North or NE winds prevail during September and October; in the former month their strong velocity may hinder navigation near the E coast of Tsushima. It is usually sunny, the exception being a few rainfalls. Southwesterly winds generally prevail during the summer. Land and sea breezes are prevalent during the summer, resulting in the temperature being lower than along the NW coast of Kyushu. TidesCurrents.The tidal currents set W along the S coast of Tsushima, with the rising tide at a rate of from 2 to 3 knots. Along the W coast, the tidal currents set in a S direction, with the rising tide at a rate of 1.5 knots, and in a N direction, with the falling tide at a rate of 2 to 3 knots. During N winds, there are tide rips on the ebb current. The N tidal current along the W coast is stronger than the S current, as the general N set increases the former but decreases the latter. Along the E coast, the tidal current sets S during the rising tide at a rate of 0.5 to 2 knots, and N during the falling tide at a rate of 0.75 to 1.75 knots. The tidal currents are not felt beyond a distance of 5 miles offshore; outside this distance the set is always N. Caution.There is considerable diurnal inequality in the tidal range during summer and winter; the resulting variation in4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

Aso Wan4.3 Aso Wan (3420'N., 12918'E.) is entered between Go Saki to the S and Karasu Saki, 2 miles to the NNE. Both entrance points are fringed by foul ground, shoals, and rocks, leaving a fairway of about 1 mile in width. Depths in the fairway range from 20.1 to 86m. The shores of Aso Wan are indented by many bays, some of which penetrate nearly to the E coast. The most important bays are Nii Byochi and Nobu Wan, on the N side, and Takeshiki Ko, on the S side Imo Saki, about 3 miles E of Go Saki, is the N termination of a long, narrow, and sparsely-wooded peninsula, 90m high. From the W, it has the appearance of a reddish cliff. Osaki Wan (3419'N., 12915'E.) is entered between Imo Saki and Utsuno Saki, 2.25 miles to the E. Anchorage is afforded to small vessels with local knowledge on the W side of the bay off Osaki village, about 1.3 miles S of Utsuno Saki, in a depth of 25.6m. Strong winds from the N cause a considerable sea in this area. Small vessels can also anchor in Mikata Ura or Kurose Wan, but not without local knowledge. Vessels entering these anchorages should pass NE of Okino Shima (Myoban-jima).4.3 4.3 4.3

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Sector 4. Tsushima4.6 Mine Wan (3427'N., 12917'E.) is located about 1.5 miles NNE of Tsuna Shima and is entered between Kurumagono Hana and Shin Zaki. From the entrance, the inlet runs E for about 0.5 mile and then divides into two arms, one extending about 1.8 miles to the NE and the other about 0.8 mile SSE. Maru Shima, 40m high, on the S side of the inlet about 0.4 mile inside the entrance, is densely wooded, round-topped, and easily identified. Yo Se, located at the entrance to the NE arm, is conspicuous by its reddish brown color. Mine Wan affords good anchorage, in depths of 31 to 42m, sand and mud. Tono Saki (3431'N., 12919'E.), located 5 miles NNE of Mine Wan, has a prominent cliff on its W side and forms the S entrance point to Nita Wan. Meyano Dan, 0.5 mile S of Tono Saki, 207m high, is a prominent landmark. Nita Wan (3432'N., 12919'E.) is entered between Tono Saki and Ina Saki, which is about 2 miles SSE. Inside of the bay there are several inlets. The middle of the interior of the bay generally has soundings of over 30m, however, there are several dangers and the bay is completely exposed to the W. A number of villages are situated along the shore of the bay, which is indented by small coves and inlets. Shishimi Ko, located on the S shore of the bay, affords good anchorage for small vessels in moderate depths. A light is shown from Ina Saki. Between Ina Saki and So Zaki, about 5.8 miles to the N, the coast trends in a NNE direction. The coast in this vicinity is free from dangers close offshore. A light is shown from So Zaki. Sago Wan (3439'N., 12920'E.), located about 1 mile E of So Zaki, extends in a S direction for about 0.5 mile to the mouth of Sago Gawa, the largest river in Tsushima. The village of Minato is situated at the entrance to the river. Anchorage.Sago Wan affords good anchorage to vessels with local knowledge, in depths of 5 to 14m, except during strong N winds which cause a heavy sea. When anchoring, vessels should use caution to avoid the submarine cable indicated on the chart. A shrine at the mouth of the river is a good landmark for entering Sago Wan. Senbyomaki Yaka (3439'N., 12921'E.), a grassy hill, 290m high, is located close E of Sago Wan. A radio tower, marked by lights, stands about 265m SSW of Senbyomaki Yama. The tower is a conspicuous landmark during the day or night.4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6

Kurose Wan is sheltered from winds from any direction. Takeshiki Ko (3418'N., 12919'E.), the SE branch of Aso Wan, is entered through Jyogo Guchi (Rotono Kuchi), which is located 1 mile E of Imo Saki. There is a well-sheltered anchorage for ships up to 2,000 grt, in a depth of 30m, off the harbor. A submarine cable has been laid in the middle of the interior of the anchorage. The town of Takeshiki, where there is a naval station, stands on the W side of Takeshiki Ko. Ujigami Bana consists of conspicuous low cliffs covered with giant pine trees, and is located about 1 mile N of Takeshiki Ko. A hill, 72m high, about 0.4 mile NNE of the cape, is a good landmark. Yojaku Yama, about 0.4 mile E of Ujigami Bana, is also a good landmark for the approach to Takeshiki Ko. Anchorage.Small vessels can take anchorage, in a depth of about 30m, SW of Nezumi Shima, which is located almost 0.8 mile W of Ujigami Bana. Vessels can also anchor, in a depth of about 30m, S of Ujigami Bana; however, caution is necessary because of traffic bound for the E coast of Tsushima through the E arm of Takeshiki Ko. The N side of Aso Wan Nii Byochi, entered between Hitoe Saki, about 3.3 miles ESE of Karasu Saki (3422'N., 12914'E.), and Kaifuna Saki, about 1 mile farther E, extends about 2.3 miles N and then divides into two arms, each about 1 mile long. The inlet is mostly deep, and the best anchorage for small vessels with local knowledge is near the middle of the inlet, 0.5 mile NW of Uki Se, a gray rock, awash, marked by a lighted beacon, in depths of 29.3 to 31.1m. Several villages lie on the shores of the inlet.4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3

4.4 Uki Se (3421'N., 12918'E.), a low dark gray rock that covers during higher HW, lies in mid-channel about 1.3 miles NNE of Hitoe Saki. Vessels entering or leaving Nii Byochi can pass E or W of Uki Se; however, the channel W of this danger is recommended. Nobu Wan (3421'N., 12920'E.) is entered between Kaifuna Saki and a promontory about 0.4 mile to the S. The inlet is indented with many small coves and bays. Nobu Wan is only suitable as an anchorage for small vessels with local knowledge, because of the numerous islets and shoals. The anchorage areas are sheltered by the surrounding hills.4.4

Kamino ShimaWest Side

4.5 Tsuna Shima (3425'N., 12916'E.) consists of six thickly-wooded islands, connected to each other by a rocky reef, and lying about 0.3 mile offshore. Enoki Shima, the S island, lies about 4 miles NNE of Karasu Saki and is 48m high. Its S side has steep cliffs; from its S end, a reef with two islets extends about 0.2 mile SW. The middle and smallest of these islands is Nakano Shima, 51m high. Ko Shima, the N and largest island, is 64m high and is easily identified. Tsuna Wan, entered by a channel E of Tsuna Shima, with depths of 5 to 32.9m, is used mainly by small vessels with local knowledge. The inlet is used as a fishing base during the summer. The S entrance point is fringed by a reef extending about 135m NW, the fairway of Tsuna Wan is free of dangers. Anchorage.Tsuna Wan affords anchorage to small vessels, in 7 to 20m, mud and sand. Heavy seas run into the inlet during strong W winds.

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4.7 Sasuna Ko (3438'N., 12923'E.) is located about 2 miles E of Sago Wan and is entered between Toroku Zaki (Toroku Saki) and Tateba Zaki (Tachibu Saki). Sasuna, a small port, is situated at the head of Sasuna Ko. There is a landing quay, with a total length of 897m and alongside depths of 2.5 to 3m, along the whole of the inner end of the harbor. The S shore landing quay is for shipping timber and the N shore landing quay is for berthing fishing boats. Ships of 300 grt can berth at the quay in the central part. The length of the quay is 60m. On the S shore of the inner end of the harbor there are private company berthing dolphins, with a reported alongside depth of 7.5m. Ships of 500 grt can berth alongside the dolphins. There is a breakwater about 250m S of the harbor entrance lighted buoy. Sasuna Ko affords anchorage for small vessels, in depths of

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Sector 4. Tsushima14 to 18m, sand and mud, good shelter except from NW winds. Aspect.Tateba Zaki, the E arm of the harbor entrance, and Mitsuse Yama, a sharp peak which is about 0.3 mile to its E, are both conspicuous. Toroku Saki, the W arm of the harbor, has a cliff on its W side. Okawachi Wan is located about 2.5 miles NNE of Sasuna Ko and is entered between Saba Saki (Saman Saki) and Shirahama Saki. The villages of Oura and Kawachi are located at the head of the inlet. Korei San, a hill 193m high, and located about 1.3 miles ESE of Shirahama Saki, is prominent as a landmark for entering Okawachi Wan. The inlet affords good anchorage in moderate depths, good shelter and mud bottom. When anchoring, caution should be taken to avoid the submarine cable indicated on the chart. Except for the fairway leading to the inner end of the bay, there are facilities for fish and pearls along the shore. The tidal current at the entrance to Okawachi Wan is S with the rising tide and N with the falling tide. The spring rate is 1 knot.4.7 4.7 4.7

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merous rocks above and below-water in this vicinity, and it should be avoided. Otedo Ura, an inlet on the E side of Kunoshita Zaki, is approached from the E because of the previously-mentioned dangers; it indents the coast for about 0.6 mile. This inlet is badly restricted by reefs and detached rocks, and at its head are two coves, divided by a small peninsula. The village of Otedo is situated at the head of the W cove. Saichose Saki, about 0.5 mile ESE of Kunoshita Zaki, is a low, flat, wooded point and is the extremity of the peninsula on the E side of Otedo Ura. A reef extends about 0.4 mile N from the N side of Saichose Saki, and on the reef about 140m offshore are two treeless islets; the W, Tera Shima, 14m high, and the E, Moto Shima, 14.9m high. 4.10 Torazu Yama (3442'N., 12928'E.), thickly wooded and very conspicuous, is 18.9m high and lies close off the E side of the entrance of Toyo Ura, about 0.3 mile E of Saichose Saki; at LW it is connected with the peninsula by a chain of rocks. Okinoshine Shima, a bare round-topped islet, 11m high, and Jinoshine Shima, a similar islet, 14.9m high, lie on a reef extending N for nearly 0.8 mile from the E side of the entrance of Toyo Ura. A light is shown from Okinoshine Shima. A shoal, with depths of from 3.1 to 4.9m, lies about 0.2 mile N of Okinoshine Shima. Mi Se, a detached rocky patch with a depth of 4.9m, lies about 0.5 mile E of Okinoshine Shima. A reef, with depths of less than 10m, extends about 500m NE of Mi Se (3442'N., 12929'E.). A rock, with a depth of 5.8m, lies on this reef. These dangers should be given a wide berth by vessels approaching Toyo Ura from the E. Toyo Ura, an inlet less restricted than Otedo Ura, indents the coast for about 0.5 mile and is backed by low wooded hills. Ko Shima, 29m high, wooded and conspicuous, lies close off the W shore of Toyo Ura, about 0.3 mile SSW of Saichose Saki. A shrine, situated at the head of the inlet, is a good landmark. Toyo Ura affords anchorage to small vessels with local knowledge, in 9 to 14m, mud, good holding ground, but strong N winds cause a heavy sea. Vessels up to 500 tons can use the harbor.

Kamino ShimaNorth Side

4.8 Wani Ura (3442'N., 12926'E.) is located about 1.5 miles NNE of Okawaci Wan, and is entered between Oni Saki and the SW extremity of Uni Shima. The shores of Wani Ura are fringed with rocks and shoals that extend as far as 0.15 mile offshore. The charted depths in the entrance are from 20 to 49m. Within the bay the depths are from 10.1 to 38m. During the summer, a large number of fishnets are laid across Wani Ura. Korei San (3441'N., 12926'E.) rises close S of Wani Ura; it is the only good landmark at the N end of Tsushima and is very conspicuous from the N. Uni Shima, 50m high and wooded, is only inhabited during the fishing season. A number of metal pylons stand on the island. Kotaro Shima and Hadaka Shima, each 14m high, lie on a reef about 90m N and 230m NE, respectively, of the NE extremity of Uni Shima. The reef extends about 0.4 mile N from Hadaka Shima. Okinoebi Shima, 17.1m high, and Jinoebi Shima, 32m high, are two islets connected with each other by drying reefs that lie between the E end of Uni Shima and Kunoshita Zaki, the N extremity of Tsushima, nearly 0.5 mile E. The channels between Okinoebi Shima and the E extremity of Uni Shima, and between Jinoebi Shima and Kunoshita Zaki, are very narrow and tortuous, and the tidal currents run strongly through them; they should not be attempted. An overhead cable spans the channel between Uni Shima and the shore. A submarine cable leads from about the middle of the S side of Uni Shima to a position on the E side of the bay, N of the village of Waniura. The village of Waniura is situated at the head of a cove on the E side of Wani Ura, about 1 mile SSW of Kunoshita Zaki. The village is difficult to identify from the entrance of the bay. Vessels with local knowledge can obtain anchorage in Wani Ura. During NW winds, vessels should anchor off the S side of Uni Shima, careful to avoid the submarine cable in the vicinity. A vessel approaching from the NW should give a wide berth to Haennoba Se. A light is shown from Waniura Ko. 4.9 Kunoshita Zaki (3343'N., 12927'E.), the N extremity of Tsushima, attains an elevation of 39m. Igai Se, which dries 0.9m, lies 0.3 mile NNW of Kunoshita Zaki; there are nu-

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4.11 Mitsu Shima (3443'N., 12927'E.), lying about 1 mile NNW of the N extremity of Uni Shima, consists of three islets lying close together and joined by drying reefs. O Shima, the SW islet, is the largest at 13.1m high. Naka Shima, the middle islet, is 14m high; Taka Shima, the NE islet, is 17.1m high. Between Uni Shima and Mitsu Shima are numerous rocks, above and below-water. During heavy weather, the sea breaks over the whole of this area. During N or NE winds, there is a confused sea which makes the area dangerous, even to vessels with local knowledge. Large vessels must navigate around the outside of the islets, however, smaller ships of up to 100 grt can sail E-W through the narrow channel on the S side of Mitsu Shima. The tidal currents here may attain a rate of 3.25 knots. A light is shown from the S side of Mitsu Shima. Haenoha Se, a reef with several above-water rocks, lies with O Shima, the highest rock, 9.8m high, about 0.8 mile WSW of Mitsu Shima Light. The reef extends about 0.4 mile SW and 0.3 mile NE from O Shima. A shoal, with a depth of less than 1.8m, lies midway between Mitsu Shima and Shirodo Se, a4.11 4.11

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Sector 4. Tsushimaalongside depths of 7.4 to 10.1m. Nakayaki Landing Quay, on the N side, has a berthing length of 135m, with an alongside depth of 1.5 to 2.5m. On the E side, No. 2 Quay has a berthing length of 210m and an alongside depth of 5m. Kuta Quay, on the S side, has a berthing length of 180m and an alongside depth of 5.5m. Kuta 4M Landing Quay, on the E side of Kuta Ura, has a berthing length of 320m and alongside depths of 2.5 to 4.5m. Aspect.Marukuma Yama, a hill with a wooded summit, rises to a height of 276m about 1.8 miles WNW of Tora Saki. Two radio masts stand on the summit of Gongen Yama, 419m high, located about 1 mile NNW of Yara Zaki. Both masts show lights and are conspicuous by day and night. Six radio towers on the NE side of the harbor are also conspicuous. Four beacons are situated on the NE side of the harbor from about 0.2 to 0.3 mile NW of Yara Zaki. A light is shown from Yara Zaki. Anchorage.Vessels can obtain good anchorage, sheltered from all but E winds, in the middle of the harbor, in 11.5m, with the light on Yara Zaki bearing 082, and a distance of about 595m. A quarantine anchorage, in a circular area about 0.2 mile in diameter, with charted depths of 11.9 to 18.3m, lies with its center about 0.3 mile NNW of Tora Saki. Anchorage is prohibited in the vicinity of the submarine cables, and an area between the E side of the Nakayaki Landing Quay, at the inner end of the N part of the bay, and the coast opposite to its E side. Caution.When the winds blow from the S at a rate of more than 40 knots, it is very dangerous to enter or leave the harbor. When a typhoon passes along the E coast of Tsushima, strong winds and heavy swells enter the harbor and cause considerable damage to the port. At such times, vessels seek shelter in Aso Wan or Miura Wan.4.13 4.13 4.13 4.13 4.13 4.13

rock 1.2m high, on the NE end of Haenoha Se. The channels through this area have irregular depths of less than 5m, and should be used with caution even by small vessels with local knowledge. Kita Se is a group of above-water rocks lying about 0.3 mile NNE of Taka Shima. The rocks are from 1.2 to 2.1m high and difficult to identify from a distance. Karasaki Se (3444'N., 12928'E.), lying about 0.8 mile ENE of Mitsu Shima Light, is a group of several above-water rocks, the highest of which attains an elevation of 3.1m. Foul ground lies between Mitsa Shima and Karasaki Se. Caution.Vessels rounding Mitsu Shima Light should give a wide berth to both Kita Se and Karasaki Se.4.11 4.11 4.11

Shimono ShimaEast Side

4.12 Naiin Wan (3406'N., 12914'E.) is located about 1.5 miles NE of Ko Saki. The inlet runs in a N and S direction for a distance of about 1 mile. The village of Tsutsu Naiin (Tsutsunain) lies at the head of the inlet. Naiin Shima (Nainjima), close S of the E entrance point of Naiin Wan, to which it is connected by a drying reef, is a densely-wooded islet, 162m high. Naiin Wan affords anchorage to small vessels with local knowledge during N or NW winds, in 12 to 18m, sand, in the middle of the inlet. Anchoring during S or E winds is not advisable. Tatsuno Zaki (3408'N., 12917'E.) is 135m high and located about 2.8 miles NE of Naiin Shima. The point is densely wooded, black in appearance, and very conspicuous from the SW or NE. Kuwa Ura and Agami Ura, close SW and N of Tatsuno Zaki, afford anchorage to small vessels with local knowledge only during W winds. Kuwa Ura is the larger and better sheltered of the two bays.

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Izuhara (3412'N., 12918'E.)

World Port Index No. 62440 4.13 Izuhara is a port of entry and the largest port in Tsushima. It is situated about 7.5 miles NNE of Ko Saki. The port occupies an important position as the main entrance to Tsu-shima, an island which is at the international boundary. There are car ferries operating between this harbor and mainland Japan. It consists of a small natural harbor with anchorage and berthing facilities for small vessels. A detached breakwater was reported to be under construction about 0.2 mile SE of Yari Sake. The harbor extends 70m ENE from Yari Sake, then 550m SSE, then 560m SW to the shore. WindsWeather.North winds prevail throughout most of the year, but the harbor remains relatively calm because of the high hills surrounding it. Strong winds blow down from the hills during the winter season. Anchorage in the harbor is poor during strong E winds. DepthsLimitations.The charted depths in the entrance of Izuhara Ko are from 14.6 to 25.6m; in the anchorage area in the central part of the harbor the charted depths are from 11 to 14.6m. The quarantine anchorage has charted depths of 11.9 to 18.3m. Izuhara Quay, situated close W of Yara Saki Light, has4.13 4.13 4.13

4.14 Azu Ko (3413'N., 12918'E.) is a small harbor, the entrance of which lies between Tsurumo Saki, about 1 mile N of Yara Saki, and Magari Saki, about 0.4 mile farther N. The navigable width of the channel into the harbor between charted dangers is about 0.1 mile. The charted depths in its entrance are from 20 to 29m; there are depths of 12.8 to 18.3m in the middle part of the harbor. Good anchorage can be obtained in the middle of the harbor, in 12.8 to 18.3m, but it is only sheltered from winds blowing from the SW through N, to NE. Small vessels can obtain shelter, even when it is blowing from the SE, between Magari village and Namuro Shima, in 10.1 to 12.8m, sand. Okaji Zaki (Okaji Saki) (3413'N., 12920'E.), cliffy and steep-to on its E side, rises to Okaji Dake, 146m high. The village of Yabusame lies in a small cove, about 0.3 mile W of Okaji Zake. There are strong tidal currents in the vicinity of Okaji Zake and tide rips occur in strong NE winds. Kechi Wan is entered between Okaji Zake and Tsunakake Zaki, about 3.3 miles to the NNE. The shores of the bay are mostly cliffy and are slightly indented. The interior of the bay has depths of 8 to 45m. East or S winds cause a heavy sea in the bay, which is otherwise generally calm. Ofunakoshi Seto has its S entrance about 0.5 mile NNW of Tsunakake Zaki. The channel is 0.15 mile long, 15m wide, and4.14 4.14 4.14 4.14 4.14 4.14

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Sector 4. Tsushimareported to be dredged to 1.5m. A breakwater, with a lighted tower at its end, is situated on the W side of the S entrance to the channel. A detached breakwater lies 91m S of the above; a lighted tower stands at its E end.4.14

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S. Naga Saki (3425'N., 12924'E.) is the NE extremity of a peninsula. A rocky ledge, 4.6m high, extends about 230m NE from the point. Depths of 14.6m extend about 0.5 mile ENE from the rocky ledge. A light is shown from Naga Saki. Oroshika Wan is located about 6 miles N of Kuro Shima and is entered between Naga Saki and Zeni Shima, an islet 11.9m high, lying close off the promontory about 1 mile to the NW. Oroshika Wan has two arms, the fairways of both are deep. Yoko Ura, the SW arm, is open to the NE; Kushi Wan is the NW arm. The fairway leading into Oroshika Wan is narrowed to about 0.4 mile by shoals on either side. Nanahiro Se, on the N side of the entrance of Oroshika Wan, about 0.6 mile E of Zeni Shima, has a depth of 8.6m. Manaita Se, about 0.4 mile E of the same islet, has a depth of 1.3m. Between Manaita Se and Zeni Shima is a reef with depths of less than 1.8m. A rock, with a depth of 5.9m, lies about 500m SE of Zeni Shima. Fuka Se, on the S side of the entrance of Oroshika Wan, about 0.2 mile WNW of Naga Saki, has a depth of less than 1.8m. An islet, 5.2m high, lies close off the NW side of Yoko Ura, about 1 mile WSW of Naga Saki. Sazal Sho, awash, lies about 0.1 mile from the NW side, about 0.4 mile SW of the 5.2m islet. An islet, 37m high, lies close N of Tateishi Saki, on the SE side of Yoko Ura, about 1.3 miles SW of Naga Saki. Okino Shima, an islet 17.1m high, lies at the head of Yoko Ura. A vessel proceeding to the anchorage at the head of Yoko Ura should favor the SE side of the fairway. The W side of the entrance of Kushi Wan is fringed by a bank, with depths of 0.9 to 5.5m. A 10.1m patch lies about 0.2 mile NE of Senbon Saki, the SW entrance point of Kushi Wan. Small vessels berth at a pier at the head of this arm. Anchorage.Vessels up to 500 grt can anchor, in a depth of 20m, mud, in the inner part of Oroshika Wan. The head of the bay is narrow, but serves as a well-sheltered anchorage.4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17

4.15 Kamabuta Se (3414'N., 12920'E.) is a small rock which dries 1.8m, and is located about 0.2 mile NNE of Okaji Zaki. Aka Saki is a reddish, cliffy point lying about 0.5 mile NNW of Okaji Zaki. Shimo Neo-jima is a wooded, cliffy islet, reddish in color, and lies about 0.8 mile N of Aka Saki. Gono Shima consists of two small islets lying close together and is located about 0.5 mile N of Shimo Neo-jima. Takahama Ko is entered between a point about 0.4 mile N of Gono Shima, and Neso Saki, about 0.3 mile to the NNE. Small vessels entering the harbor can clear the dangers by keeping range lights shown from a wharf at the head of the bay and the rear light on a hill NW of the wharf in line bearing 305. A light is shown near the S entrance point to Takahama Ko. Anchorage.Okaji Ura affords anchorage to small vessels, except during E winds, in about 9.2m. Takahama Ko is sheltered from all winds, except E or SE, and affords anchorage to small vessels with local knowledge, in 3.7 to 16.5m. Ota Ura, located about 1 mile N of Takahama Ko, affords sheltered from all winds except those from the S, and offers anchorage to small vessels with local knowledge, in 6.4 to 10.5m. Vessels must use caution to avoid a submarine cable. There is shelter from N winds between Ota Saki and Tsunakake Zaki, about 0.1 mile offshore, in 8.2 to 18.3m.4.15 4.15 4.15 4.15 4.15

4.16 Miura Wan is located about 3 miles NE of Kechi Wan and is entered between Orise Hana (3418'N., 12924'E.) and Kuroshima Saki, a very conspicuous headland, 1.5 miles to the NE. Lights are shown from both entrance points. Miura Wan is divided into two arms, one extending to the W and then SW, and the other arm extends to the N. The SW arm leads into Kusubo Ura, which is about 1 mile W of Orise Hana. Ogata Ura extends to the SSE. The N arm leads into Kamoise Hakuchi, with depths from 18 to 33m in the fairway. Two oil tanks standing on a wharf at Kamoise Gyoko are prominent. Niyo Shima, an islet with steep cliffs on its SE side, lies in the middle of Kamoise Hakuchi. The village of Kamoise lies at the head of this arm. Anchorage.Miura Wan affords anchorage to large vessels in the entrance area, with shelter from all but E and SE winds. The anchorage is known to have good holding ground. Kusubo Ura affords anchorage to small vessels, in about 20m, in its central part. Ogata Ura has anchorage for small vessels, in depths of 12 to 16m, in its middle part. Kamoise Hakuchi affords anchorage, in about 20.1m, mud. The recommended position lies with the SW extremity of Niyo Shima bearing 299, and a conspicuous oil tank at Kamoise bearing 357.4.16 4.16 4.16 4.16

4.18 Saka Ura (3427'N., 12923'E.) is located about 2.5 miles NNW of Naga Saki and is entered between Chi Saki (Ti Saki) and Okaigo Hana, about 1 mile to the N. Kamabuta Se, about 0.5 mile NE of Chi Saki, is a black rock, 1.5m high, and marked by a light. Kai Se, about 0.2 mile N of Chi Saki, appears as two heads, of which the one to the N dries. This area is mostly foul ground. Vessels entering Saka Ura should keep a good lookout for Kamabuta Se and Kai Se, and keep on the N side of the entrance to the inlet. The town of Saka lies at the head of the inlet. Large numbers of fishing vessels use the town during autumn and winter. The town is protected by a breakwater from which a light is shown. Anchorage.Saka Ura is suitable only for small vessels with local knowledge, which anchor at the head of the bay off the breakwater. There are depths of 7 to 24m in Saka Ura, but there are several dangers which restrict the anchorage, and E winds cause a heavy sea.4.18 4.18

Kamino ShimaEast Side

4.17 From Kuro Shima to Naga Saki, about 5.5 miles to the N, the coast is indented and affronted by several islands. Kanon Yama (3424'N., 12923'E.) is a rocky rounded summit, 140m high, grass covered and conspicuous from the N and

4.19 From Okaigo Hana, the coast trends in a NNE direction for about 7.5 miles to the S entrance point of Kin Wan. Numerous islets lie close off the coast. Hills, about 152m high, slope down to the shoreline and are thickly wooded. A detached shoal, with a depth of 1.8m, lies about 0.8 mile NE of Okaigo Hana and 0.25 mile offshore. Pub. 159

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Sector 4. TsushimaAnchorage.Vessels of about 3,000 grt anchor NW of Aka Saki, in depths of 28 to 36m, except during E winds. Small vessels anchor in Hamakusu Ura and Shushi Ura, in depths of 11 to 31m, good holding ground and well-sheltered. Tsuwa Ura, a small bay, close N of the entrance to Shushi Wan, affords temporary anchorage to small vessels with local knowledge, except during E winds, in depths of 6.4 to 10.5m.4.21 4.21

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Shitaka Ura (3429'N., 12924'E.) is a small shallow cove lying about 1 mile NE of Okaigo Hana. The NE entrance point of the cove is fringed by rocks, awash, and vessels approaching from the N should be careful to give it a wide berth. A lighted buoy is moored close to the S of the NE entrance point of Shitaka Ura. Hadaka-jima (3430'N., 12925'E.), an islet 18.6m high, is located about 1.5 miles NE of Shitaka Ura. The islet is coneshaped and rocky. Kuro Shima, close NE, is a small rocky islet with a clump of trees on its summit. Oshika Wan is located about 1.3 miles NE of Kuro Shima and entered between Matsuno Saki and Koya Saki. The shores are high, steep, and generally wooded. The village of Oshika stands at the head of the bay. Matsu Shima, a wooded islet, lies about 90m SE of Koya Saki. Manaita Se, awash, lies in the middle of Oshika Wan. Vessels entering the bay should pass NE of Manaita Se. Anchorage.Oshika Wan affords anchorage to vessels with local knowledge, in depths of 5.5 to 12.8m, but the anchorage is restricted by the shoals lying in the middle of the bay. Vessels should pass NE of Manaita Se, awash, located about 0.2 mile SW of Koya Saki. 4.20 Kin Wan (3433'N., 12928'E.), located about 2.5 miles NE of Oshika Wan, is entered between Asagi Saki and Eboshi Saki, about 0.5 mile to the NE. The shores of the bay are mostly high, with dense dark woods, especially on its NE side. Fishing vessels anchor here during the autumn and winter. Kin, a village protected by breakwaters, stands at the head of the bay. Eboshi Saki is rocky and rises abruptly to Eboshi Yama, a densely-wooded hill. Eboshi Iwa, a black rock 5.5m high, lies on the reef that extends SSE from Eboshi Saki. A light is shown from the breakwater in Kin and also from Eboshi Saki. Anchorage.The bay affords anchorage to small vessels with local knowledge, except during E winds, in depths of 5.5 to 20.1m. Between Kin Wan and Shushi Wan, about 4 miles to the N, the coast is indented and fringed by a reef, which extends in places about 0.3 mile offshore. 4.21 Shushi Wan (3437'N., 12928'E.) is entered between Usu Saki and Saginokubi Saki, about 1.5 miles to the N. Hamakusu Ura and Shushi Ura are the N and S arms of Shushi Wan. The village of Shushi is situated at the head of Shushi Ura, and the village of Hamakusu at the head of Hamakusu Ura. Shushi Wan is about 0.5 mile wide at its entrance, but reefs which extend on either side of the entrance reduce the width of the navigable channel to about 600m abreast Aka Saki, a salient point on the S side of Shushi Wan. A lighted beacon stands on the N edge of the fringing reef, 183m N of Aka Saki.

4.22 Nishidomari Wan (3439'N., 12929'E.), located about 3 miles N of Shushi Wan, is entered between Tono Saki and Jodo Saki, on which stands a lighted tower, 1.5 miles SSW. The bay is free of dangers in the fairway and affords good and safe anchorage in its inner part. Tono Saki should not be approached within a distance of about 0.8 mile. Gongen Yama, about 1.3 miles WSW of Toni Sake, and Tomi Yama, about 0.2 mile NE of Gongen Yama, are both good landmarks for entering the inlet. Tomi Yama can be identified by a radio tower on its SW slope. Range lights are shown from a slope of a hill at the head of inlet.4.22

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Ikazuchi Zaki (Ikatsuti Saki) is a salient point on the N side of Nishidomari Wan, about 1.3 miles SW of Tono Saki. A light is shown from the point. Ko-jima lies on the same side of the inlet, about 410m ENE of Ikazuchi Zaki. A beacon stands near the outer end of the reef. Furusato Ura and Hitakatsu Ura are two coves lying on the N and W sides of the head of Nishidomari Wan. The town of Hitakatsu lies at the head of Hitakatsu Ura. Hitakatsu Ko is the trading center of Kami Shima and has ferry service to Japan and Korea. Anchorage.The best anchorage in Nishidomari Wan is about 0.3 mile WNW of Ikazuchi Zake, in depths of 16 to 18.3m, mud. The anchorage is well-sheltered from all winds.4.22 4.22 4.22

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4.23 Miuda Ura (3440'N., 12930'E.), about 1.3 miles N of Nishidomari Wan, is entered between Tono Saki and Ko Shima, about 0.5 mile N. This small open bay is unsuitable as an anchorage on account of the many reefs that fringe its shores. Izumi Wan lies about 1 mile NW of Miuda Ura and is entered between Shita Zaki and Atsu Zaki, nearly 1 mile to the NW. Shiko-jima, in the middle of the bay, is flat and wooded, and appears to be part of the mainland because of the high hills behind it. Numerous rocks fringe the shore of the bay and vessels should not use the channel E of Shiko-jima because of reefs. The harbor is protected by a breakwater a light is shown from the head of the breakwater. Anchorage.Small vessels may obtain anchorage off Izumi village, in depths of 10.1 to 15.5m, mud, and good shelter from all winds.4.23 4.23

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5. KyushuNorthwest Coast (including off-lying islands)

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Additional chart coverage may be found in NGA/DLIS Catalog of Maps, Charts, and Related Products (Unlimited Distribution).

SECTOR 5 CHART INFORMATION

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SECTOR 5KYUSHUNORTHWEST COAST (INCLUDING OFF-LYING ISLANDS)5.0

Plan.This sector describes the NW coast of Kyushu from Tomino Hana (Myoken Saki), on the S side of the W approach to Kanmon Kaikyo, then SW to Ushigakubi; then S to Nomo Saki and the off-lying islands of Okino Shima, Iki Shima, Goto Retto, and Danjo Gunto.

Saki. An isolated rounded hill, 51.5m high and thickly wooded, is located on the point. Kanesaki Ko, a small fishing harbor protected by breakwaters, is located about 0.8 mile S of the point. A light is shown from the head of the N breakwater. Two lighted buoys are moored 0.25 mile and 0.15 mile NNE, respectively, of the head of the breakwater. 5.3 Konominato Ura (3352'N., 13030'E.) is entered between Kaneno Misaki and Ku Saki, 3 miles to the SW. The bay is protected from the N by the island of Jino Shima and from the NW by O Shima. The holding ground in the bay is considered poor, and because of the dangers in its approach, it should be avoided except in an emergency. A submarine cable is laid from the coast, close E of the entrance to Turi Gawa, to O Sima. Jino Shima is located with its SE extremity about 1 mile NW of Kaneno Misaki. A very shoal spit of gravel extends SSE from the SE extremity of the island, almost to the mainland, and is usually marked by breakers. Submarine cables are laid at Jimo Shima, from Oshima and the mainland, as indicated on the chart. Foul ground off the NW side of the island is marked by navigational aids. Several fish havens lie within a radius of 2 miles from NNW to ESE of the N point of Jino Shima. O Shima (3354'N., 13026'E.), the summit of which attains an elevation of 217m, is located about 3 miles W of Jino Shima. The island is a good landmark for vessels approaching Kanmon Kaikyo from the W. When wind and tidal currents are in opposition, there are heavy seas off the NW extremity of the island. The entrances to the harbor are protected by detached breakwaters. A fishing village is situated in a cove on the E side of the island. A light is shown from the NW side of the island. Kurara Seto, the channel between O Shima and the mainland, is encumbered with shoals and should not be used except by vessels with local knowledge entering Konominato Ura. A number of underwater cables cross Kurara Seto. Buoys mark only a part of the foul ground in the channel. Caution.A dangerous wreck has been reported in position 3352'48"N, 13026'24"E.5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3

General Remarks5.1 The NW coast of Kyushu extends SW from Tomino Hana (Myoken Saki) for about 66 miles to Ushigakubi, on the E side of Hirado Seto, and then S for 51 miles to Nomo Saki. A number of islands and islets lie within 30 miles of its N part and within 85 miles of its S part. The coast line is mountainous and indented with many bays and inlets. The two major ports of Sasebo and Nagasaki are described in this sector.

Tomino Hana to Nishiura Saki

5.2 Tomino Hana (Myoken Saki) (3356'N., 13041'E.), on the S side of the approach to Kanmon Kaikyo, lies about 2 miles NE of Kario Hana. It is 25.3m high, and its upper part consists of a conspicuous brown cliff. Manako Sone, with a depth of 1.8m, lies about 0.5 mile NW of Tomino Hana. A lighted tower is situated on the NE side of the headland.

Myoken Saki Light

5.2

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5.2

Ashiya Ura is located at the mouth of the Onga Kawa, about 3 miles SW of Tomino Hana. The bay is protected on its N side by a chain of reefs that extends about 1 mile to the NW. Two small islets lie on the S side of the reefs. The town of Ashiya lies on the SW side of the Onga Kawa, near its mouth. Hatsu Saki (3353'N., 13034'E.) lies about 6.5 miles SW of Tomino Hana and consists of high cliffs of volcanic rock. Hatsushiro Se (Hatu Siro Se) is a detached rocky shoal with a depth of 1.2m, and lies 2.25 miles N of Hatsu Saki. A light is shown from the point. Kaneno Misaki is a prominent point lying 2 miles E of Hatsu

5.4 Tsuyasaki Hana (3348'N., 13027'E.) and Tate Saki, about 2 miles N, are the SW and NW extremities, respectively, of a small conspicuous peninsula, located about 5 miles SSW of Konominato Ura. A light is shown from Tsuyasaki Hana. The town of Tsuyasaki lies close NE from the point. Aino Shima, 76m high and flat, lies about 4.5 miles WSW of Tsuyasaki Hana. The island is wooded and its NW side consists of steep cliffs. There are two islets which are connected to it by a rock ledge at LW. It has been reported to be a good radar mark. A submarine cable is laid between the SE side of the island and the mainland. Hanguri Se, a rock, 22m high, lies close off the E extremity of the island. Temporary anchorage can be obtained by vessels with local knowledge in a bight on the S side of the island. Lights are shown from the NW and SE sides of Aino Shima.5.4

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have entered the harbor was 46,445 grt.

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Fish havens are situated within 1.75 miles NW and NE of the N side of Shika Shima, and within about 4 miles of Aino Shima. Numerous fish havens lie up to 2 miles offshore between Shika Shima and Tsuyasaki Hana, 9.5 miles NE. A small harbor, which is protected by breakwaters, is situated 5 miles ENE of the summit of Shika Shima. Kurinokami Sho (3348'N., 13016'E.), about 5.5 miles NW of the summit of Aino Shima, is a group of rocks, some of which dry from 0.5 to 1.7m. There is a lighted beacon in the middle of the reef. It has been reported that there are wrecks about 3 miles SE, 4.75 miles S, and 5 miles W of Kurinokami Sho Lighted Beacon.

WindsWeather5.6

The W part of Fukuoka Wan is protected from W winds, but N winds send in a heavy sea. When cold fronts pass during the winter, strong NW winds develop.

Fukuoka Wan5.5 Fukuoka Wan is entered between Nishiura Saki (3340'N., 13013'E.) and Myojin Hana, the NW extremity of Shikano Shima. The entrance is divided into three channels by a number of islands and dangers, but only the easternmost is recommended for ocean-going vessels. Aspect.Genkai-jima lies about 1.5 miles NE of Nishiura Saki. Lights are shown from its NE side and from a breakwater standing on its S coast. The coastline of the island is mostly cliffy. Hashira-jima, a pointed pillar-shaped rock, lies about 0.4 mile NW of Genkai-jima, with shoal water between the two. Ino Se, a detached shoal, with a depth of 9.8m, lies about 1 mile N of Hashira-jima. Kuro Se consists of three above-water rocks which lie in close proximity N of Genkai-jima. The depth of water within the bay is deep to the W of Noko-no-Shima and it is suitable as an anchorage for large vessels; however, the majority of the area within Hakata Ko to the E is shallower than 10m. Ko-tsukue Shima (3340'N., 13013'E.) and O-tsukue, close N, lie about 0.8 mile SW of Genkai-jima. The islets lie on the NW edge of a shoal, which is located in the NW entrance to Fukuoka Wan. A buoy marks the S end of the shoal. Shikano Shima lies about 3 miles ESE of Genkai-jima, on the E side of the main entrance to Fukuoka Wan. The SE extremity of the island is connected to a narrow sandy isthmus forming the N side of Hakata Ko. Shoal water extending out 1.25 miles from the NW coast of the island is marked by a buoy. There is a small harbor, protected by breakwaters, on the W side of Shika Shima. A light is shown from the head of each breakwater. A detached breakwater lies close S of the harbor entrance; a light is shown at each end.5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5

Local storm signals are shown at the meteorological observatory, about 0.8 mile S of the mouth of the Naka Gawa, also on the E side of the entrance of the boat basin. Weather signals, by flashing light, are displayed from the roof of the Port Authorities Building, at the root of Middle Wharf.5.6 5.6

Hakata (3336'N., 13024'E.)

World Port Index No. 62430 5.6 The Port of Hakata, a major specified port of entry, is located in the E part of Fukuoka Wan. It consists of a natural outer harbor and an artificial inner harbor, with berthing for large vessels. The harbor area occupies the greater part of Fukuoka Wan. The harbor is further divided into Harbor District No. 1 to Harbor District No. 4 and a fairway. The entrances to the harbor are on the N and S sides of NokonoShima. The entrance on the N side is the main one and has soundings of 14 to 20m. The depths are shallower closer in. In the center part of the harbor there are many depths of 7m. The largest ship to5.6

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The MHW interval in Hakata Ko is 9 hours 40 minutes. Spring tides rise 1.9m; neap tides rise 1.4m. The flood current sets SE in the entrance of Fukuoka Wan and in the vicinity of Nokono Shima; the ebb current sets nearly in the opposite direction. The tidal current turns 1 hour before HW and LW, and both currents attain a rate of about 1 knot. Within the harbor the tidal currents are weak and the rate does not exceed 0.5 knot.

HakataHigashihama Wharf

HakataHakata Pier HakataMiddle Wharf

DepthsLimitations5.6

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HakataHakozaki Wharf

Central Passage, the channel leading to the entrance at the breakwaters and continuing N to Hakozaki Wharf, has depths of 12 to 15m. The Middle Wharf projects NW from the shore on the W side of the mouth of Mikasa Kawa and functions as an international passenger terminal. Hakozaki Wharf lies on reclaimed land in the N part of the inner harbor and functions as an international trade hub. Higashihima Wharf lies close S of the S side of Hakozaki Wharf and is used for the transfer of LNG and construction materials. Suzaki Wharf projects NW from the shore on the W side of the mouth of Naka Kawa and is used mainly for grain distribution. Hakata Pier serves as a domestic services and ferry terminal. Two berths at Kashii Park Port, along with one berth at Hakozaki Wharf, serve as the main container terminals. The two berths at Kashii Park Port have a total length of 600m and Pub. 159

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of Nokono Shima; it is a useful mark for vessels entering Imazu Wan. A tower, 102m high, stands close NE of the bridge spanning Susaki and Hakata Wharves. Four white chimneys on the E side of Hakata Ko, on the N side of the mouth of the Tatara Gawa, are conspicuous. Ha Shima, about 1.8 miles ENE of the E extremity of Nokono Shima, forms a good landmark.

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5.6

PilotagePilots are not compulsory, but recommended and can be contacted on VHF channels 12 and 16 (call sign: Hakata-ho-an). Pilots are available from 0500 to 2400, and board 0.5 mile N of Nokonoshima Light; pilots are also available 24 hours for full container ships.5.6

RegulationsHakataSuzaki Wharf5.6

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A pier for the sole use of vessels discharging liquefied petroleum gas is situated on the S side of Saito Saki, situated about 1 mile E of Ha Shima. When such a vessel is moored or mooring alongside the pier, no other vessel may approach within a distance of 45.7m. In addition, a red flag will be displayed at the pier. Three lighted buoys, each exhibiting a red light, mark the restricted area. Any vessel without a funnel net to prevent fire or one with insufficient fire control should not enter the area.

AnchorageAnchorage, sheltered from N winds, can be obtained in Fukuoka Wan off the S side of Shikano Shima; protection from the W winds can be obtained in the lee of the peninsula that forms the W side of Fukuoka Wan. Anchorage, limited by draft, can be had practically anywhere in Hakata Ko, but a position SW of Saito Saki is recommended during strong N winds, and off the E side of Nokono Shima when W winds prevail. An area of prohibited anchorage, as delineated on the chart, lies in the SW section of the harbor. The quarantine anchorage is situated on the NE side of Nokono Shima. The anchorage is marked by a buoy.5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6

HakataAratsu Oil Center depths of 12.8 to 13m alongside. The Hakozaki berth is 270m long, with a 12m depth alongside. The Aratsu Oil Center has ten berths, each having a depth of at least 5.5m, and one berth with depths less than 5.5m. Island City terminal has two container vessel berths with alongside depths of 11 to 14m; a third berth extends the length of this wharf with an alongside depth of 15m. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of about 3.8m and marked by lights, connects Suzaki Wharf and Aratsu Oil Center, and spans the entrance to Hakata Fishing Harbor.5.6 5.6

Nishiura Saki to Hotoke Saki

5.7 The coast between Nishiura Saki and Hotoke Saki, about 8 miles SW, is backed by a number of conspicuous detached pointed hills, the summits of which are thickly wooded. Kaya San (3334'N., 13010'E.), the most conspicuous of these hills, is 379m high. From the N, this hill appears flattopped, but from the E or W, it appears pointed. Nishiura Saki (3340'N., 13013'E.) is a well-defined point rising to an elevation of 156m close within the headland. A light is shown from the point. Nagama Se dries 0.6m and lies about 4 miles NW of Nishiura Saki. Nogita-Todai Se (3339'N., 13007'E.) is a group of rocks located 4.5 miles W of Nishiura Saki. The highest rock reaches an elevation of 1.9m and forms a good radar target up to 5 miles. A light is shown from the N side of the rocks. A wreck5.7 5.7

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Abura Yama (3330'N., 13022'E.), a good landmark, rising about 7 miles SSE of the summit of Nokono Shima, is located in Fukuoka Wan, 1 mile S of Shikano Shima. Bishamon Yama, a conspicuous wooded hill with a sharp summit, rises in a position about 2 miles WSW of the summit

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Hakata Bridge

HakataKashii Park Port lies about 1.5 miles E of the light. A fish haven is also situated about 0.7 mile SSW of Nogita-Todi Se. Oto Saki, a precipitous headland consisting of black rocks in the form of square columns, is located about 6.5 miles SW of Nishiura Saki. Hotoke Saki (3334'N., 13005'E.) is the E entrance point of Karatsu Wan. The point is cliffy and located about 1 mile SW5.7 5.7

of Oto Saki, and is dominated by Tateishi Yama, a prominent brown hill, 208m high. A light is shown from No Se, about 0.8 mile S of Hotoke Saki, marking the edge of foul ground.

Karatsu Wan5.8 Karatsu Wan is entered between Hotoke Saki and

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Kawaraki Saki, located about 8 miles to the WSW of Hotoke Saki. The bay extends for about 6 miles N and S, and about 11 miles E and W. The shores of the bay are generally sandy beaches; rocky headlands jut out and the mountains to the S of the bay are extremely steep. The bay is capable of providing sheltered anchorage to ocean-going vessels. Kashiwa Shima and Hime Shima lie in the entrance of the bay, dividing it into three channels, the middle being better. The port of Karatsu, in the SW part of the bay, is a busy coal port.

* Can accommodate vessels up to 60,000 dwt. There are two embankments for loading coal, their depth alongside being 5.5m. Three mooring buoys also exist, two to take one vessel each of 1,000 to 2,000 grt, and one to take one vessel of 3,000 to 4,000 grt. A broad area of reclaimed land extends 0.5 mile NNW from Myoken to form Myoken Wharf, 600m long. There are three berths on the E side, with depths of 8 to 12m alongside. A gas terminal is available for vessels up to 60,000 dwt at the Bridgestone Dolphin Jetty; maximum draft is 11.7m. Aspect.Ukidake Yama is very conspicuous among the mountains at the head of Karatsu Wan; it rises 805m, about 3 miles ESE of Kushi Saki. Taka Shima, at the NE end of Karatsu Ko, is surmounted by a 170m conical hill; it is a good landmark for entering the harbor. There is a conspicuous white building at the quarantine station at Myoken (3328'N., 12957'E.) which is situated on the mainland SW of O Shima. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory. Pilot boards off Kashiwa Shima, if required. Anchorage.It is possible to avoid the N winds to some extent by the shelter afforded by Oka Saki in a position where the depths within Nishi Ko are about 7m. Depths within the anchorage on the W side of O Shima are from 7 to 10.1m. It has been reported that Higashi Ko is a better anchorage than Nishi Ko during NW winds, in a position between O Shima and Torijima, where the depths are from 7 to 9m. The quarantine anchorage is situated about 0.8 mile NNW of O Shima. Caution.Caution is necessary as a foul area and a fish haven are situated in the N corner of the anchorage.5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9

Karatsu (3329'N., 12958'E.)

World Port Index No. 62420 5.9 The port of Karatsu is approached between Oka Saki and Kushi Saki and stands in the extreme SW corner of Karatsu Wan. The harbor is divided into Nishi Ko (West Harbor) and Higashi Ko (East Harbor). The harbors are separated by O Shima, which has a lighthouse on its N side and is connected to the mainland at its SW end by an area of reclaimed land. The W sector is more active commercially. Depths range from 7 to 11.9m. Anchorage exists for over 100 vessels, including those of 30 to 5,000 grt capacity. WindsWeather.During the summer, SE winds predominate; during the winter, NW or SW are prevalent. Conditions are usually calm within the harbor throughout the year; however, since the harbor is open to the NE, large waves enter during strong N winds, which occur mostly during the winter months. TidesCurrents.The MHW interval is 9 hours 26 minutes; spring tides rise 2m and neap tides rise 1.5m. The tidal currents flow ENE during the flood and WSW during the ebb. The rate seldom exceeds 1 knot. DepthsLimitations.A depth of 7.6m is maintained in the approach channel to the main pier in Nishi Ko (West Harbor). There is a least depth of 5.8m in the approach channel to the main pier in Higashi Ko (East Harbor). The depths in Higashi Ko (East Harbor) are inclined to decrease because of the outflow of mud from the Matsuura Gawa. Extensive berthage for vessels up to 3,000 grt is available for handling general and bulk cargo, such as coal in Nishi Ko (West Harbor) and Higashi Ko (East Harbor). Liquefied gas is handled at the Bridgestone Dolphin Jetty by vessels up to 60,000 dwt.5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9

Kashiwa Shima to Hado Misaki

5.10 Kashiwa Shima (3332'N., 12958'E.) is located 1.25 miles N of Oka Saki. On the W side of the island, there is a cove formed by a narrow spit of sand and gravel, but the depths in it are shoal. The channel between the island and the mainland is about 0.3 mile wide, with depths of less than 7.3m, and is only available to small craft with local knowledge. A light is shown from the W end of the island. Nanatsugama lies about 2 miles WNW of Kashiwa Shima and is a natural monument. It consists of angular pillars of eroded basalt with seven caves below the pillars. Tomo Saki (3333'N., 12955'E.), a precipitous headland, from which a shoal extends about 0.2 mile N, is located 1.25 miles W of Nanatsugama. The town of Komoto lies on the W side of the point. Submarine cables are landed in the bays on either side of the point. Taka Shima is a rocky densely-wooded islet, 48m high, located about 0.8 mile NNW of Tomo Saki. The N side of the island forms a steep cliff, and a light is shown from its summit.5.10 5.10 5.10

Sector 5. KyushuNorthwest Coast

A small boat harbor, protected by a breakwater on which stands a light, lies on the SW extremity of the island. A tower 70m high stands 183m N of the breakwater light. A small harbor protected by two breakwaters lies close E of the small harbor on the S side of Taka Shima. Submarine cables are laid from Taka Shima and Tori Shima, S to the coast. A submarine cable is laid between Taka Shima and O Shima. Usu Shima (3334'N., 12954'E.), lying on detached shoals in the main approach to Yobuko Ko, is located 0.5 mile NW of Taka Shima. The islet is flat and marked by a conspicuous stone wall, 7.9m high. A light is shown from the islet. A fish haven is situated close N. Maru Sone, a detached 8.2m rocky patch, lies about 0.3 mile SE of Taka Shima. It is sometimes marked by tide rips.5.10 5.10 5.10 5.10

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5.11 Kabe Shima (3333'N., 12953'E.) lies on the NW side of Yobuko Ko and about 1 mile W of Taka Shima. The S and SW extremities of the island are fringed with shoal banks extending about 0.2 mile offshore. Benten Seto is a narrow channel between the S end of Kabe Shima and the mainland, and used only by local small craft. A light is shown from the N extremity of Kabe Shima. Yobuko Ko is located off the SE side of Kabe Shima and about 0.8 mile W of Tomo Saki. The inlet is open to the NE, but is protected by the islets off its entrance. Anchorage can be taken, in 20.1 to 23.8m, gravel. Two breakwaters protect the NE entrance to the inlet. The town of Yobuko lies in the SE corner of Yobuko Ko. Nagoya Ura (3332'N., 12953'E.) lies off the S coast of Kabe Shima, about 0.8 mile SW of Yobuko Ko. There is good anchorage, in 22m, gravel, with the lighthouse on Taka Shima in line with the NW islet of Futako Shima bearing 048.5. The town of Nagoya lies on the W side of the inlet. Nagoya Gyoko, protected by two breakwaters, lies close within the W entrance point of the inlet; a light stands on the N breakwater. These breakwaters were extended. Hado Misaki (3333'N., 12951'E.), lying about 1.8 miles W of Kabe Shima, is a rocky peninsula, and from the SW or W appears as a low islet. The peninsula should not be approached within 0.5 mile as it is fringed with reefs on all sides. A light is shown from the point and a lighted buoy marks the reef on the W side of Hado Misaki.5.11 5.11 5.11

with it by a ridge is O Yama, a wooded peak that rises abruptly from the cliffy NW extremity of the island. Both peaks are conspicuous and can be seen a good distance. A light is shown from the SSE corner of the island. Matsu Shima (3335'N., 12950'E.), 138m high, lies about 2 miles N of Hado Misaki. The SW end of the island is foul for about 0.2 mile offshore; on this foul ground are several abovewater rocks, the largest of which are Take Se and Komatsu Shima, which are 16.5m and 26m high, respectively. Open anchorage can be obtained off the E side of the island. Kakara Shima, which rises to a height of 123m, lies about 0.5 mile NE of Matsu Shima. The islands are separated by a channel 0.3 mile wide. Futame Se dries 2.7m and lies on the NE part of a small shoal, about 0.3 mile off the S extremity of the island. Kuro Se, a flat rock 7.3m high, lies close off the SE coast of the island. Lights are shown from the N and S ends of Kakara Shima. 5.13 Ogawa Shima (3336'N., 12954'E.) lies about 1.3 miles E of Kakara Shima; at its S end are two prominent hills. Me Se, close off the SW extremity of Ogawa Shima, is 7.3m high, and in its vicinity are a number of rocks that dry. Submarine cables run from the S coast of Ogawa Shima to Kakara Shima and to the coast of Kyushu. They also run from Madara Shima to Kyushu. Amashiri Se lies about 1 mile SSE of the SE extremity of Ogawa Shima and has a depth of 6.7m. From N to S between Amashiri Se and Ogawa Shima lie Hira Se, from which a light is shown; Yakata Se, a black rock, 7m high; and Ori Se, a rock that dries 0.9m. Iki Suido is the W entrance channel of Genkai Nada, and lies between the NW coast of Kyushu and Iki Shima. It is about 11 miles wide; in it there are a number of islets and shoals with deep navigable channels between them.

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Iki Shima5.14 Iki Shima (3347'N., 12943'E.) lies on the NW side of Iki Suido and is located about 10 miles NNE of Futagami Shima. It consists mostly of sand, rock, or lava, and its surface is mainly tableland. Takeno Tsuji, the summit of the island, is in the S part, and rises to a height of 212m. On Take is near the NE extremity of the island and is 156m high. The summit of Tsunokami Yama, 134m high, lies about 2.3 miles NNW of Takeno Tsuji. These three peaks are all good landmarks for approaching the island. On the SE side of Iki Shima, Iruka Saki, the S extremity of the island, is low, flat, barren, and easily identified. A light stands on the point. Kagamidake Hana, about 0.5 mile NE of Iruka Saki, is a steep, wooded point, with a pointed summit, 85m high, which is a prominent feature. Indoji Ura is a cove located about 3 miles NE of Iruka Saki, and affords anchorage, sheltered from the N winds, to small vessels with local knowledge. Kanajairo Iwa, 11.6m high and white with guano, lies about 1 mile ENE of Gongen Hana (3346'N., 12948'E.). On the NE side of Iki Shima, Ashibe Ura (3348'N., 12946'E.) is a shallow inlet with the village of Ashibe on its S side and the village of Seto on its N side. A light is shown from5.14 5.14 5.14 5.14 5.14

Off-lying Islands5.12 Futagami Shima (3336'N., 12933'E.) is located about 15 miles WNW of Hado Misaki. The islet is 98m high and lies on the W end of Iki Suido. It is saddle shaped and there are no dangers more than 0.2 mile from its coasts. A light is shown from the SW side of the islet. Ko Futagami Shima is 57m high and lies about 1.8 miles WNW of Futagami Shima. Karato Sho, a steep-to rock, 3.3m high, lies about 0.6 mile NE of Ko Futagami. Breakwaters protect the outer part of Yobuko Ko from the N. Madara Shima lies on the S side of the main fairway through Iki Suido, and is located about 4 miles WNW of Hado Misaki. The island rises to a round flat-topped hill on its E side, but on the W side there is a row of sharp peaks dominated by Banshono Tsuju, 238m high. Northwest of this peak and connected

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Sector 5. KyushuNorthwest Coast Outer Islands

5.17 Na Shima (3344'N., 12952'E.) is a group of islets lying on a rocky shoal, on which are numerous above-water and submerged rocks lying about 8 miles N of Kakara Shima, about 3.5 miles ESE of Gongen Hana on the E side of Iki Shima. The largest islet is Mae Shima, flat-topped and 17.7m high. A number of rocks and foul patches lie up to 2.5 miles off the E and S sides of Na Shima. A light is shown from the S islet. A small harbor, which is protected by two breakwaters, is situated on the NE side of Haru Shima. Eboshi-jima (3341'N., 12959'E.), lying 7 miles ESE of Na Shima, is 43m high and is steep-to on all sides. From the NW and N, it has a rugged appearance and from the E, it presents a pointed summit. A light is shown from the summit of the islet. Orono Shima (3352'N., 13002'E.), an island with two peaks, the S one of which is 109m high, lies 11 miles NNE of Eboshi-jima. Close off its N extremity are two above-water rocks, but the island can be approached to within 0.75 mile on all sides. Two fish havens are situated within 0.75 mile W of the W side of Orono Shima. There is a small settlement and a breakwater on the S end of the island. A light is shown from the S end of Orono Shima. Okino Shima (3414'N., 13006'E.), steep-sided and densely wooded, lies about 23 miles NNE of Orono Shima. Its summit is 244m high and lies almost in the center of the island. Shoal water with above-water rocks extend out 0.75 mile from the S side of the island. A light is shown from the summit of Okino Shima. A small settlement is situated on the S side of the island. Nada Saki is a rocky point located about 0.8 mile S of Hado Misaki. Close S of the point is a cove, of which both entrance points are foul. Kuro Se, a rock 3.4m high, is joined to the S entrance point of the cove by a shoal that dries.

the S entrance of the inlet. Ashibe Ura affords anchorage to small craft with local knowledge. 5.15 Uotsuri Sake (3351'N., 12946'E.) is located about 2 miles N of Ashibe Ura. A light is shown from the point. On the SW side of Iki Shima, Hozo Saki (3344'N., 12941'E.), the E entrance point of Gonoura Ko, lies about 2.5 miles NW of Iruka Saki. The point is wooded and makes a good landmark. Kanajiro Iwa, a black rock, 9.8m high, lies on the W side of the approach to Gonoura Ko, about 1.5 miles SW of Hozo Saki. Sora Sone and Mottaro Se, with depths of 5.8 and 7.6m, rock, lie about 0.5 and 0.75 mile NNE, respectively of Kanajiro Iwa. Hira Shima (3342'N., 12938'E.) lies on the W side of the approach to Gonoura Ko, and about 1.8 miles WSW of Kanajiro Iwa. Its summit is bare and its sides consist of steep black cliffs. Tsuri Sone, a detached rocky shoal with a depth of 2.1m, lies about 0.5 mile SE of Hira Shima. Haru Shima and Naga Shima, both of which are flat and thickly wooded, lie about 1.75 miles NE and 1.5 miles N, respectively, of Hira Shima. O Shima (3344'N., 12938'E.), close N of Naga Shima, is separated from Iki Shima by Oshima Seto, a narrow channel, encumbered by shoals, and only used by small craft with local knowledge. A light is shown from the E side of O Shima. Eboshi Saki lies about 0.8 mile ESE of the NE extremity of O Shima. Hie Sone, with a depth of 3.1m, lies within 0.3 mile S of Eboshi Saki.5.15 5.15 5.15 5.15 5.15 5.15

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5.17

5.17

5.17

5.16

5.16

5.16 Gonoura Ko (3344'N., 12941'E.), the principal port on Iki Shima, is entered between Eboshi Saki and Hozo Saki. The port is opened to the S, but affords anchorage sheltered from all other directions. A moderate-size vessel can anchor, in a depth of 22m, with the NW side of Hira Shima bearing 228, and the summit of O Shima bearing 265. Gono Se is black and 7m high, upon which stands a light. It is situated 1.25 miles W of Iruka Saki. The inner harbor is narrow and suitable only for small vessels. A vessel of 600 grt is the largest that can be accommodated alongside in the inner harbor. Submarine cables are landed in Gonoura Ko, W of Eboshi Saki. On the NW side of Iki Shima, Hansei Ura, located about 2.5 miles NE of O Shima, is exposed to the NW and cannot be recommended as an anchorage. The inlet has a number of shoals, with depths of less than 9.2m, and at times is exposed to heavy swells. Yunomoto Wan (3350'N., 12940'E.) lies about 2.5 miles N of Hansei Ura and is only suitable for small vessels with local knowledge. Tenaga Shima, the W entrance point of the inlet, shows a light. The inlet is exposed to heavy swells when NE gales sweep around the NW end of Iki Shima. Katsumoto Ko lies between the NW end of Iki Shima and several islets close offshore. The largest of the islets is Wakamiya Shima, which shows a light. The islets afford very little shelter to Katsumoto Ko, but on its S side is a cove, protected by breakwaters, which allows shelter to small vessels. The town of Katsumoto lies in this cove. In good weather, vessels anchor outside the breakwaters, in 5.8 to 18m, good holding ground.

5.17

5.16

5.16

5.18 Kushino Ura (3331'N., 12951'E.), a narrow inlet on the NE side of the peninsula that terminates in Kushi Saki, is located about 1 mile S of Nada Saki. The inlet is sheltered, except from the NW, but its head is shoal and only available to small vessels with local knowledge. Hokawazu Ura. a narrow inlet that is entered between Chika Saki and Kushi Saki, is located about 0.5 mile S of Kushino Ura. The inlet is free of dangers, but only used by small vessels with local knowledge. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 19m, spans the channel at its narrowest part. The town of Hokasu lies midway in the inlet on the W side. Chika Saki (3331'N., 12950'E.) is a low, flat, rocky cape, about 0.5 mile W of the mouth of Hokawazu Ura. The cape is green and very conspicuous from a distance. A submerged rock, with a depth of 4.1m, extends for about 0.4 mile NW from the end of the point. A light is shown from Chika Saki. Wakudo Se (3329'N., 12950'E.), 11.6m high, lies on the S end of a patch of foul ground, about 2 miles S of Chika Saki. The N end of the foul patch is marked by Hira Se, an abovewater rock. A light is shown from Wakudo Se. Kariya Wan is entered between Miya Saki and Takaiwa Hana, about 0.8 mile S of Wakudo Se. The inlet affords almost landlocked anchorage, in depths of 9.2 to 21.9m, soft mud. There is good anchorage for small vessels in most parts of the inlet. Several small towns lie within the bay. A light is shown5.18 5.18 5.18 5.18

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from Takaiwa Hana. O Saki (3329'N., 12949'E.) is a steep point surmounted by a grassy hill, 86.6m high, and located about 1.3 miles W of Wakudo Se. A reef extends from the point in a NW direction for a distance of about 0.4 mile. Osakino Se, a 4m rocky patch, forms the offshore extremity of the reef.5.18

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5.20

5.20

O Saki to TsuSakino Hana

5.19 Muku Shima (3329'N., 12947'E.) lies in the approach to Hibi Suido, and about 1.5 miles W of O Saki. The summit of the island is partly wooded and lies on its S end. The island is surrounded by foul ground and above-water rocks. Aka Se, a reddish brown islet, 11m high, lies about 0.8 mile SSE of Muku Shima. A detached rock, with a depth of 1.8m, lies 0.1 mile ENE of Aka Se. Ki Se, about 0.3m high, lies about 0.5 mile ENE of Aka Se and is usually marked by breakers. The rock is marked on its W side by a lighted buoy. A light is also shown from the summit of Muku Shima. Submarine cables are landed on the SE side of Muku Shima. Hibi Suido lies between the NE side of Taka Shima and the mainland, and is approached between Ao Saki and O Saki, about 2 miles to the NE. Several points on either side of the channel are fringed with reefs that dry out. Owing to the dangers between Muku Shima and the mainland, vessels using this channel should pass between Muku Shima and Taka Shima. Daziku Ura, on the E side of the N end of Hibi Suido, is entered S of Kondomari Hana, a point about 1 mile S of O Saki. Mo Se, a rocky spit on which lies a rock, awash, extends about 0.3 mile SW from Kondomari Hana. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 27m, crosses Hibi Suido; bridge lights are exhibited. Daziku Ura affords anchorage, sheltered from all except NW winds, in depths of 10.1 to 18.3m, mud. The depths in Hibi Suido are sufficient to accommodate deep-draft vessels, but passage should not be attempted without local knowledge.

mile E from its E end. Ao Shima (3325'N., 12941'E.), the W island in the approach to Imari Wan, is located about 0.5 mile S of Izu Shima. Its summit, 58m high, is at its S end. The island is rugged, thickly wooded, and foul on its W side for 0.15 mile offshore. The NE side of the island is foul offshore for almost 0.5 mile. TsuSakino Hana, the N extremity of the Hoshika peninsula, lies on the S side of TsuSaki Suido, and about 1 mile SW of the summit on Ao Shima. A light is shown from the point.

Imari Wan5.21 Imari Gaiwan (3323'N., 12944'E.) is the outer and larger part of Imari Wan. The safest channels to enter the bay are Ao Shima Suido and TsuSaki Suido. The bay is indented with a number of inlets and coves. Small towns and villages situated throughout the shores of Imari Gaiwan. The bay is deep and fairly free of dangers. Futa Shima, the W islet, is in two parts, connected by a bank of gravel and sand that dries. Both parts are thickly covered with trees and lie about 1.3 miles SE from the S end of Taka Shima. Tobi Shima (3324'N., 12947'E.) is the E and largest of the islets, and lies about 1 mile E of Futa Shima. It has two summits, the higher, with an elevation of 84m, stands on the SE side of the islet. Two submarine cables and a submarine water pipeline cross the fairway between Tobi Shima and the mainland S. Ko-Tobi Shima is the S islet of the group and lies close S of Tobi Shima. The channel between the two islets is shoal. Yama Shima (3324'N., 12947'E.) is the N islet and lies almost 0.5 mile NNW of Tobi Shima. Rocky shoals extend about 230m to the N and SE of the islet. Fuku Shima, a large island, separated from the mainland by a tortuous channel on its E side, lies about 1 mile E of Tobi Shima. The coves on the NE and SE sides of the island are obstructed by islets, reefs, and shoals, and are only used by small craft with local knowledge. Imari Ko is entered between Kanai Hana, on the mainland, and the W side of Fuku Shima, and lies in the S part of Imari Wan. A shoal bank extends, in places, about 0.3 mile from the W side of the harbor, and on the E side of the central part of the harbor there are a number of islets and rocks. The head of the harbor is shoal.5.21 5.21 5.21 5.21 5.21 5.21

5.19

5.19

5.19

5.19

5.20 Taka Shima (3326'N., 12945'E.) is the largest of the islands in the entrance of Imari Wan; Ao Saki, its N extremity, is located about 1.5 miles SW of the light on Muku Shima. The island is fringed by shoals and foul ground, and is indented with a number of bays and inlets. Kuro Shima lies about 1.5 miles WSW of Ao Saki. The island is flat-topped, its summit is 95m high, and wooded. The island is fringed with foul ground, close offshore, except from the N to E, which is clear of danger. Hitotsu Se, marking the E extremity of the island, is a rock that dries 2.7m. Kuroshima Seto, the channel between Kuro Shima and Taka Shima, is mostly foul and not recommended without local knowledge. Submarine cables are laid from Taka Shima to Kuro Shima. Special lighted buoys are located 0.75 mile E and 0.75 mile SE of the S extremity of the island. Uokono Shima (3325'N., 12943'E.), lying close off the SW corner of Taka Shima, is fringed by a shoal bank extending about 0.1 mile offshore. A light is shown from its summit. Izu Shima, 31m high and wooded, lies about 1 mile NW of Uokono Shima. The islet is fringed by a shoal bank and spit, with a depth of 3.1m over its extremity, and extends about 0.25.20 5.20 5.20

5.22 Imari (3317'N., 12953'E.) (World Port Index No. 62400) contains three offshore mooring buoy berths, with depths of 10.1 to 14m; the greatest capacity is at Buoy No. 3. DepthsLimitations.The controlling depth in the channel is 14m. Vessels with a draft of 12m and up to 60,000 dwt have moored in Imari Ko. Kubara North Quay, on the SE side of reclaimed land S of the basin, has depths of 7.1 to 10.1m alongside. A small basin lies between Kubara North Quay and Kubara South Quay. There are three berths, with depths of 5.5 to 10m alongside, at Kubara South Quay. The Kyushu LPG Terminal has a depth alongside of 14m; vessels of up to 70,000 dwt can be accommodated. An overhead power cable, with a vertical clearance of about 52m, spans the water W of the reclaimed area.5.22 5.22 5.22 5.22

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Sector 5. KyushuNorthwest Coast

(3321.5'N., 12934.8'E.), situated on the E side of the strait near its narrowest part. On the N part of Hirado Seto, Kuroko Shima (3322'N., 12934'E.), a dark wooded islet, 47m high, lies in the middle of the strait, close off the entrance to the port of Hirado. Manaita Se, with depths of 3.7 to 5.5m, extends about 0.1 mile NE from the islet. Hirado Ko is a small cove on the W side of the strait and entered between Kanae Saki and Zyotono Hana (Jotono Hana), about 320m to the N. A wharf, which extends about 90m NW from the shore, with depths of 2.1 to 3m alongside its outer face, is situated on the S shore of the cove. There is a small harbor protected by N and S breakwaters S of Kanae Saki. Reclamation was being carried out inshore of these breakwaters. Two small piers project from the N side of the cove. The town of Hirado is situated at the head of the harbor. Nanryu Saki (3321'N., 12934'E.) lies on the W side of the strait, about 1 mile SE of Hirado Ko. Two overhead cables, with a vertical clearance of 26m, cross the straits from the point. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 30m, spans the strait close S of the cable crossings. Asama, a sand bank with a depth of 2.1m, lies in mid-channel, about 0.8 mile SSW of Nanryu Saki. There is a deep channel on either side of Asama. A lighted buoy marks the N end of the bank. Caution.A rocky reef, with a least charted depth of 9m, lies near the middle of Hirado Seto, approximately 0.2 miles N of Nanryu Saki.5.24 5.24 5.24 5.24

Pilotage.Pilots are available in position 3325.4'N, 12942.7'E and at the quarantine position. Pilots can be contacted on VHF channel 16. Anchorage.Imari Wan affords good anchorage to a large number of vessels, in depths of 14.6 to 36.6m, as convenient. The bottom is mostly mud, and the tidal currents do not exceed 0.5 knot. The quarantine anchorage lies on the W side of Imari Ko. The harbor affords good anchorage, in depths of 9.2 to 18.3m, mud. Caution.A wreck lies about 0.5 mile S of Siraiwa Hana.5.22 5.22 5.22 5.22

TsuSakino Hana to Ushigakubi

5.23 Nagato Saki (3322'N., 12937'E.) is located 3 miles SW of TsuSakino Hana and forms the W entrance point to Kamada Ura. The point is steep-to and backed by high hills; its shores are fringed by shoal water, close offshore. Kamada Ura is entered between Nagato Saki and Magari Saki, the SE extremity of Yoko Shima, about 0.8 mile WNW. Shoal spits, with depths of less than 5.5m, extend about 0.2 mile SE from Magari Saki and ENE from Nagato Saki. Kamada Ura affords good anchorage, sheltered from all winds, in depths of 9.2 to 12.8m. A vessel entering must keep in mid-channel between Magari Saki and the shore SE of it to avoid the shoal spits extending offshore on either side of the entrance. This anchorage is suitable for vessels awaiting the tide in Hirado Seto, or arriving from N too late to complete the passage of that strait in daylight hours. Yoko Shima (3322'N., 12936'E.), a flat islet, 19m high, lies about 1 mile WSW of Nagato Saki. The channel between the islet and the mainland is very shoal. Ose Saki is a prominent hill located about 1 mile WSW of Yoko Shima. The bay on its E side is foul and unsuitable as an anchorage. Ushigakubi (3322'N., 12934'E.) is 42m high, wooded, and lies about 0.5 mile WSW of Ose Saki. The point is fringed by foul ground close to shore. A lighted buoy marks the W side of the foul ground. During the S tidal current, tide rips are usually formed close N of the point. Kamo Se, marked by a lighted buoy, dries 1.2m, and lies on a shoal spit that extends about 320m NE from Ushigakubi. Hiro Se (3323'N., 12934'E.), a rocky islet, 7.6m high, lies about 0.2 mile N of Ushigakubi. A training wall extends for about 160m from the SW point of the islet and is marked by a light. A light is also shown from the center of Hiro Se. Caution.A restricted area 0.7 mile WNW of Hiro Se Light extends about 3 miles NNW; its exact boundary may best be seen on the chart.5.23 5.23 5.23 5.23 5.23 5.23

Hirado Seto5.24 Hirado Seto lies between the island of Hirado Shima, on the W side, and the coast of Kyushu, on the E side. It is recommended that vessels without local knowledge navigate the straits during daylight hours. The N end of the straits is very narrow, only 0.1 mile wide near Hiro Se. The tidal currents in this area are very strong and reach up to 6 knots or more at times. Pilotage.A number of unlicensed pilots, who have a good knowledge of the tidal currents, are based at Hinoura5.24

5.25 Osaki Hana (3320'N., 12933'E.) lies on the W side of the strait, about 2 miles SSW of Nanryu Saki. The point rises to a hill, 53m high, the summit of which is densely-covered with trees and is very prominent. Aosa Saki lies on the mainland and is 0.5 mile directly E of Osaki Hana. The point rises to a plateau and is marked by a light. The village of Hokahira lies close S of the light. Kawachi Wan (3319'N., 12932'E.) lies on the W side of the strait and is entered between Osaki Hana and Magari Saki, about 0.5 mile SSW. The bay affords anchorage, in 12.3 to 27.4m. This anchorage is specially suited to vessels waiting for the tide in the N narrows or seeking temporary shelter. A breakwater, on which there is a light, is situated in the NW part of Kawachi Wan. On the S part of Hirado Seto, Hoki Ura and Kigatsu Ura, 1 mile to the S, are two bays on the W side. Kantori Hana, 118m high, separates the two bays. Two islets, No Shima and Kuro Shima, lie close S and E, respectively, from Kantori Hana. Small vessels with local knowledge can obtain anchorage, in depths of 7.8 to 10.1m, mud, near the head of Kigatsu Ura. Emukae Wan (3318'N., 12936'E.) lies on the mainland about 3 miles E of Hoki Wan. The bay affords anchorage to vessels with local knowledge, in depths of 10.1 to 18.3m, mud, good holding ground. The anchorage is sheltered from all winds except those from the W. Between Emukae Wan and Taka Shima, about 8 miles to the S, the E shore of Hirado Seto is fringed with a large number of islets, off and between which are numerous dangerous rocky patches. The whole area should be avoided while navigating the strait. Between Kigatsu Ura and Shijiki Saki, about 10 miles to the5.25 5.25 5.25 5.25 5.25 5.25 5.25

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SW, the W shore of Hirado Seto is fairly free of dangers. There are a number of small coves, but none are suitable as anchorages. 5.26 Otona Se (3313'N., 12931'E.), a rock, awash, lies about 3 miles SSE of Kigatsu Ura in the middle of Hirado Seto. A lighted buoy marks the N end of Otona Se. Kami Kareki Shima, an islet, lies about 0.5 mile S of Otona Se. Shimo Kareki Shima, a larger islet, lies 0.5 mile SSW of Kami Kareki Shima. Both islets are fringed by shoals and rocks. Passage between the two islets should be avoided. A light is shown from the S end of Shimo Kareki Shima. Kome Se (3311'N., 12929'E.) lies about 1.3 miles SW of the light on Shimo Kareki Shima and has a depth of less than 0.3m. Kome Se is marked by a lighted buoy moored close S. A 10.6m rocky shoal lies about 0.3 mile WSW of Kome Se; depths of as little as 7.5m extend 0.5 mile NE of Kome Se. Hoageno Se (3307'N., 12925'E.), a detached rock, which from a distance resembles a boat under sail, is 25.9m high and lies about 3.5 miles SE of Shijiki Zake. It is steep-to, except on its NW and SW sides, where a shoal bank extends out from the rock for about 0.1 mile. Kuro Shima lies about 2.3 miles SW of the S end of Taka Shima. Mezeno Hana is a prominent bluff that is connected with the W end of the island. I Shima lies 2 miles NNE of Mezeno Hana. A number of rocks and shoals lie between the two places. Konoko-jima lies about 0.5 mile E of I Shima, with shoal water between the two islets. A light is shown from the NW side of Kuro Shima. Ogami Shima, Taka Shima, Nakano Shima, and Kashiraga Shima are a chain of islets lying close offshore from the SW coast of Hirado Shima. At times, heavy rip tides are formed in the vicinity of the islets. A light is shown from Ogami Shima. Shijiki Wan (3312'N., 12923'E.) is entered between Meshika Saki and Aiba Saki, and lies 1 mile SE of Kashiraga Shima. The bay affords good shelter, except from winds between the WNW and NW; in winter the bay is unsuitable as an anchorage. Vessels with local knowledge can obtain fairly good anchorage, in a depth of 7.3m, sand, at the head of the bay. Shimo-Ajika-jima and Kami-Ajika-jima are two prominent, rocky islets lying off the approach to Shijiki Wan. A rock, 22.9m high, lies close off the W side of Shimo-Ajika-jima. There are no known dangers more than 0.1 mile off either islet.5.26 5.26 5.26 5.26 5.26 5.26

101

quently used in preference to Hirado Seto. Yobu Saki, on the E side of the channel, is comparatively steep-to, but the shoal water extending from Shiomi Saki, on the W side of the channel, reduces the navigable width of the channel to about 0.3 mile. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 29m, crosses the narrowest part of Ikitsuki Seto. Juga Zone, with a depth of 9.2m, rocks, lies 0.5 mile offshore, about 2 miles ENE of Yobu Saki. Zuda Sone, with a depth of 11.6, lies about 0.3 mile NE of Juga Zone. Hira Se (3322'N., 12930'E.), 1m high, is the outermost of a chain of rocks that extends about 0.3 mile NW from the coast to a position about 0.5 mile SW of Kaise Saki. A submarine water pipeline extends 0.8 mile W from the coast, about 7.5 miles SSW of Kaise Saki. Bishago Iwa, 9.8m high, lies in the SW part of this chain. Usuka Wan is entered between Nagasaki Hana and Kaise Sake, about 0.5 mile NE of Hira Se. A lighted buoy marks a dangerous rock 0.6 mile SE of Nagasaki Hana. Another lighted buoy is moored close SW of a 4.5m patch, 0.25 mile E of the above. Ebukuro Wan (Furue Wan), the S branch of the bay, is entered between a point about 0.5 mile ESE of Kaise Sake and Sakiyama Saki, about 0.3 mile farther ENE. Usuka Wan affords shelter to small vessels with local knowledge near its head. The bay has a number of shoals, rocks, and patches of foul ground that can best be seen on the charts. Ebukuro Wan affords good anchorage, in depths of 18.3 to 27.4m, good holding ground, and free of off-lying dangers.5.27 5.27 5.27

5.27 Hayafuku Se (3314'N., 12923'E.), a group of above-water and sunken rocks, the highest above-water rocks being 2.4m high, lies on a shoal about 1.8 miles ESE of ShimoAjika-jima. Tateba-jima, a comparatively steep-to islet, 67m high, lies about 4.5 miles NE of Kami-Ajika-jima. Betto Se, in the approach to Neshiko Wan, is a steep-to rock, with a depth of 8.5m, and lies about 1 mile NW of Tateba-jima. Neshiko Wan (3318'N., 12926'E.) lies about 1 mile ENE from Tateba-jima, and is exposed to the W, but with offshore winds it affords anchorage, in depths of 9.2 to 18.3m. Along the NW side of Hirado Shima lies Yobu Saki, located about 3.3 miles NE of Betto Se. The point is dominated by Yasuman Dake, a densely-wooded hill with a black appearance. Tatsuno Seto (Ikitsuki Seto) (3321'N., 12926'E.) is fre5.27 5.27 5.27 5.27

5.28 Tsuba Saki (3324'N., 12933'E.), the N point of Hirado Shima, lies about 1.5 miles NNE of Usuka Wan. The point is backed by Shira Take, a hill with two summits; the higher is 259m. Aspect.Ikitsuki Shima is a hilly island with Shiomi Saki, its SE extremity, about 0.3 mile NW of Yobu Saki, and between these two points is Tatsuno Seto. Ban Take, the summit of the island, lies near its center and is 288m high, steep-to, and prominent. Lights are shown from Shiomi Sake on the SE coast, Ichibi Ura Breakwater on the E coast, and from Otaka on the N end of the island. Nakaeno Shima (3322'N., 12928'E.) is a rocky islet, 35m high, lying about 1.8 miles NE of Yobu Saki. Hira Se, 5.8m high, lies 0.25 mile N of the islets NW point; midway between this rock and the point is Kui Se, a rock that dries 1.2m. Taku Shima lies with Sakiseno Hana, its E extremity, about 2 miles NNW of Tsuba Saki. The island is hilly, with a few scattered trees on its slopes. The NE and NW sides of the island are comparatively free of off-lying dangers, but from the E to SE, it is mostly foul. Yoko Shima lies about 0.8 mile off the SE side of the islet. A light is shown from the S end of Yoko Shima. O Shima (3329'N., 12933'E.) is mostly a cliffy island and lies about 1.5 miles to the N of Taku Shima. A submarine cable is laid from O Shima to the NE coast of Taku Shima. The highest hill, Hirano Tsuji, rises to a height of 216m, and is located near the NW coast of O Shima. O Shima is generally free of offshore dangers, except for a rock, Kai Se, lying about 0.5 mile off the NW coast, and Tako Se, with a depth of 4.9m, lying about 0.5 mile off Tsurunosagari Hana Light, on the SE side of the island. Lights are also shown from Umanokashira Saki, Nagasaki Hana, and Magari Saki. Gono Ura, on the NE side of the island, affords sheltered anchorage in moderate depths to vessels with local knowledge,5.28 5.28 5.28 5.28

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Sector 5. KyushuNorthwest Coast

Sasebo except during N winds. Azuchi Ura, on the SW side of the isand, also affords shelter to small vessels. entrance to Kujukushima Wan. Nakano-Kajikaki (3307'N., 12939'E.), with a depth of less than 1.8m, lies about 2.3 miles S of the entrance to Kujukushima Wan, and about 0.1 mile to the SW of it lies Okinokajikaki, with a depth of 4m. A buoy is moored off the W side of these dangers. Kogo Saki (3306'N., 12940'E.) is the W entrance point to Sasebo Wan, and lies about 0.8 mile SSE of Nakano-Kajikaki. A light is shown from the point and buoys mark the shoal area, close off the point. The harbor entrance control post and signal station stands on Kogo Saki. Shira Se is a group of above-water and sunken rocks lying about 2 miles WSW of Kogo Saki. A light is shown from the N rock of the group. Nakano Se (3305'N., 12939'E.), a detached rock with a depth of 2.1m, lies at the SE end of a rocky patch which lies 0.6 mile SE of Shira Se. A buoy marks the SE end of Nakano Se. Araidashino Se, with a depth of 12.8m, lies in the fairway entrance to Sasebo Wan, about 0.4 mile SSW of Kogo Saki. A buoy marks the W side of Araidashino Se.5.29 5.29 5.29 5.29 5.29

Amoura Wan to Sasebo Wan

5.29 Amoura Wan (Aiura Wan) (3310'N., 12938'E.) is entered between Tatseishi Saki, about 2.8 miles NE of Ushigakubi Saki, and O Saki, about 1.3 miles SSE. The approach to the harbor is marked by lighted buoys. The harbor stands on the E side of the head of the bay with six berths for vessels of 100 to 2,000 grt and with depths of 3.1 to 7.5m. There is sheltered anchorage, in a depth of 10.1m, in the middle of the bay. No pilots are available. A charted submarine water pipeline is laid W from Amoura Ko to Taka Shima. Kujukushima Wan lies about 1 mile SE of Amoura Wan. The narrow channels in the bay are marked by beacons, but only vessels with local knowledge should enter Kujukushima Wan. A submarine cable from Okinawa lands in the N part of Kujukushima Wan, 0.6 mile E of O Saki. Uki Se, 13.7m high, lies on a shoal marked by a beacon, and stands 1.25 miles W of the

5.29

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103

Tategami Piers Nos. 1 and 2

Sasebo (3310'N., 12943'E.)

World Port Index No. 62380 5.30 The port of Sasebo is a large, nearly landlocked, deep water harbor, entered between Kogo Saki and Yorifune Bana, about 0.5 mile to the ESE. The harbor affords anchoring and berthing facilities for vessels of almost any size.

TidesCurrents5.30

5.30

WindsWeather5.30

North winds prevail throughout the year however, S winds occur during the summer. High and low temperatures occur in August and January. Precipitation, which may restrict visibility, is reported year round, however, it has a higher rate of incidence during June and July, with over 350mm recorded in the latter month. Fog seldom occurs in Sasebo Wan, but light snow may fall during winter months.

The MHW interval at Sasebo Wan is 8 hours 21 minutes; spring tides rise 2.9m and neap tides rise 2m. The flood tidal current off Io Saki (3307'N., 12943'E.) sets toward the head of the harbor, and the ebb tidal current sets toward the entrance; the flow begins from 1 to 2 hours after HW or LW, and the rate does not exceed 0.5 knots. Off Kuchiki Saki, a SE current flows from 2 to 3 hours after LW, to 2 to 3 hours after HW, and a NW current flows from 2 to 3 hours after HW, to 2 to 3 hours after LW. The rate of the SE current seldom exceeds 0.5 knot, but the NW current sometimes attains a rate of more than 1 knot. SaseboBerthing Information Wharf 1 2-3 Tategami Pier 4-6 7-8 9 Length (each) 254m 182m 192m 182m 152m Min. depth 10.6m 10.6m 10.6m 10.6m 10.6m Max. draft 10.0m 10.0m 10.0m 10.0m 10.0m Pub. 159

5.30

5.30

Weather signals, by given by light, are shown continuously from the radio tower of the Maritime Safety Office on the E side of the head of the harbor. Vessels equipped with radiotelephones will guard voice radio circuit 2716 kHz continuously when winds of more than 30 knots are experienced.

Motofune Akazaki Maehata Pier Uragashira

Yokose Tanker Berth Iorizaki Hizukushi Ekiura

DepthsLimitations5.30

Vessels having a deep draft of up to 11.5m can be berthed alongside. Vessels with drafts up to 12.8m can be accommodated at the mooring buoys and dolphin berths. The length of a vessel is not a controlling factor at most moorings; however, the largest vessel accommodated had a length of 341m.

Aspect5.30

5.30

Kompira Yama, a 101m summit above Yorifune Bana, the S entrance point of Sasebo Wan, is conspicuous from a W approach. Shokan Dake, a mountain peak, 443m high, lies 1.75 miles N of the city. Kokuzo Yama, a conspicuous peak, 307m high, lies about 3 miles SSE of Kompira Yama. Benten Shima (3309'N., 12943'E.), a rocky islet, rises from a drying reef lying about 0.5 mile W of the entrance to Maehata Ura. Benten Shima is marked at its S end by a light.

Tenzin Tower

Pilotage5.30

Pilotage is compulsory for vessels over 300 grt. Vessels should notify the pilot station of their ETA at least 24 hours prior to arrival and of any subsequent change. The pilots board vessels 2 miles WNW of Kogo Saki Light. Pilots may also be dispatched from Akasaki helicopter pad. It has been reported pilots will only board during daylight hours, except during an emergency. Entry and departure for all vessels, except U.S. Navy vessels, is from sunrise to sunset, except during an emergency. During stormy weather, there are occasions when permission is granted through the Kogo Saki Signal Station to proceed into the harbor without a pilot.

Regulations5.30

Benten Shima5.30

5.30

Navigation aids mark the fairway from the entrance and the channel leading to the port. Most shoals and dangers are marked by beacons and lighted buoys. A tower, 170m high, stands at the summit of Tenzin

In addition to the regulations governing all Japanese ports, the following are excerpts from those applying particularly to Sasebo Wan: 1. Vessels must not exceed a speed of 10 knots in the vicinity of Sasebo Wan, within a line of bearing joining Bansho Wan, about 0.5 miles S of Kogo Saki, with Shira Se Light and Hichiro Bana, a rounded point lying 1.75 miles

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105

Sasebo Kawa, Kujirase and Hirase Wharves

Akazaki Quay NNW of Kogo Saki. 2. Vessels are to await instructions from the harbormaster outside Kogo Saki, clear of the fairway. Kogo Saki Signal Station acknowledges a vessels distinguishing signal in the Pub. 159

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tected anchorage, in 9.2 to 50m, mud and shells, good holding ground. The inner harbor affords safe anchorage for large vessels. There are depths of 51m at the harbor entrance, 22.9 to 54m in the passage, 10 to 37m in the anchorage, and 11m at the berthing spaces. Apart from anchorage areas controlled by the U.S. Navy, there is anchorage for four 10,000 grt commercial ships in Section No. 3, in a depth of 10.1m. A large number of vessels can be berthed at anchor, and at fixed or free swinging moorings. Ebisu Wan affords good anchorage, in 10m, mud and shells. Akuno Ura and Ushino Ura afford anchorage to small vessels. The anchorage is situated on the S side of Sasebo Wan, close E of Yorifune Saki. Inbound vessels, subject to quarantine, will remain in the anchorage and are forbidden to disembark passengers or crew or to load or discharge cargo. Vessels will shift to the general anchorage immediately after pratique is granted. Only vessels seeking quarantine shall use this anchorage. An anchorage for carrying explosives is situated about 0.8 mile SSE of Iori Saki, and a mooring buoy for their use is situated 1.1 miles E of the point. A prohibited anchorage and restricted area, where vessels with a draft of 6m or more may not navigate, lies within a radius of 250m of a dangerous wreck which lies 1.5 miles E of Yorifune Saki on the S side of the fairway. The wreck is marked on its E side by a buoy.5.30 5.30 5.30 5.30

International Code. 3. Vessels of 500 grt or more will use two anchors when anchoring in Area No. 1 of the harbor.

Signals5.30

5.30

The harbor control post and signal station are situated on Kogo Saki. Vessels entering Sasebo Wan must request permission by flashing light or flag hoist. The signal station will relay the instructions of the harbormaster as to anchoring, berthing, and movements of vessels in and out of port. Vessels should retain onboard the most recent edition of Japan Maritime Safety Laws and Regulations, obtainable through the Japanese Coast Guard. This publication should be kept as a reference for signal station communiques and their meanings, appropriate answering signals, and other local or specific regulations. The following traffic control signals are shown from the signal station on Kogo Saki, as follows: 1. A white flashing light every 2 seconds Inbound traffic permitted. Outbound traffic of less than 500 grt permitted. Outbound traffic of more than 500 grt must wait, clear of the fairway. 2. A red flashing light every 2 seconds Outbound traffic permitted. Inbound traffic of less than 500 grt permitted. Inbound traffic of more than 500 grt must wait, clear of the fairway. 3. A white flashing light, alternating with a red flashing light, every 3 seconds Inbound and outbound traffic of less than 500 grt permitted. Inbound and outbound traffic of over 500 grt must wait, clear of the fairway. 4. Three red flashing lights, alternating with three white flashing lights, every 6 seconds Only ships directed by the harbormaster may enter or leave the harbor. All other vessels must wait, clear of the fairway. Berthing signals, consisting of the Designation flag and alphabetical flags of the International Code of Signals are displayed at Kogo Saki Signal Station, as follows: E F G H Q Anchor W of Kuchiki Saki. Anchor in Ebisu Wan. Anchor near Taka Shima. Wait near Kogo Saki or anchor 3 miles off Kogo Saki to wait for a berthing signal or orders. Anchor in Quarantine Anchorage.

Directions5.30

It is recommended that large vessels pass to the S of Aradshino Se on entering Sasebo Wan and to the N of Aradshino Se on their exit.

CautionIt has been reported that when rounding Iorizaki Wharf and proceeding to anchorage, extreme caution needs to be taken because numerous ferry boats transit the area.5.30

Omura Wan and Approaches

5.31 Omura Wan, a landlocked gulf, lies SE of Sasebo Wan and can only be entered through that port. Hario Seto and Haiki Seto, SW and NE, respectively of Hario Shima, are the channels leading to Omura Wan, but the latter is only a small craft channel. Hario Seto is deep, but is tortuous and barely more than 0.1 mile wide; the tidal currents in it are strong and it should only be used by moderate size vessels with local knowledge. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 20.1m and a bridge, with a vertical clearance of 21.3m, cross Hario Seto near its S end. Omura Wan affords anchorage, in 12.8 to 20.1m, mud, over the greater part of its length and breadth.5.31 5.31 5.31

5.30

5.30

The ships reply is the Answering Pennant above the alphabetical flag for the berth.

Anchorage5.30

Kogo Saki to Kabuto Shima

5.32 Omodaka Ko (3304'N., 12940'E.) is entered between Bansho Hana and Matsuyama Saki, and lies about 1.5 miles S of Kogo Saki. The inlet affords anchorage to small vessels, in depths of 7.3 to 20.1m, mud and good holding ground,

5.30

Anchorages comprise 11 mooring buoys for commercial shipping and 109 buoys used by the U.S. Navy. The outer harbor is the principal anchorage. It affords pro-

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but local knowledge is essential. The town of Omodaka lies on the N side of the head of the inlet. Kuroguchi Ura, close S of Omodaka Ko, affords temporary anchorage to small vessels, in depths from 7.3 to 20.1m, mud, but the shelter afforded is inferior to that of Omodaka Ko. Yobukono Seto (Terashima Suido), a strait about 3.5 miles long and about 0.4 mile wide, is entered between Matsuyama Saki and Kiano Se on its N end. The S end of the strait is entered between Kabuto Shima and Nanatsugama Ko. A depth of 14.6m can be carried through Yobukono Seto. In its narrowest part the fairway is about 0.1 mile wide. A bridge with a vertical clearance of 32m crosses the strait. Otawa Wan lies about the middle of the E side of Yobukono Seto, 1 mile ESE of Kurose Wan. The bay affords good anchorage, in depths from 8.2 to 17.4m. Kurose Wan (3303'N., 12938'E.) lies on the W side of Yobukono Seto, about 1.5 miles SW of Kuroguchi Ura. The small coaling harbor of Magome Ko lies in the SW part of Kurose Wan. Two small piers in Magome Ko have depths of 6.1 and 7m alongside, respectively; they can accommodate vessels of about 2,000 grt. Buoys and beacons mark the fairway and dangers to the harbor.5.32 5.32 5.32 5.32

107

Aspect.The National Hostel, which is near the mountain summit in the W part of Sakito Shima, which also has a large white painted chimney, and three black painted tanks which are on the summit of the mountain, are all good landmarks. Pilotage.Pilotage is available and can be contacted on VHF channels 12 and 16 (call sign: Sakito-ho-an). Anchorage.Anchorage can be obtained in the outer harbor, in about 18.3m, SW of Mutashima and N of the fairway indicated by the Hukuura Range Lights. A better position, in about 25.6m, sand, lies close N of the fairway indicated by the Hakuura Range Lights and E of a line of bearings between Mitokono Hana and Tsuru Saki. Caution is needed in the latter position because of strong S ebb tidal currents. In the autumn, it would probably be advantageous to anchor farther E. Anchorage, sheltered from the strong NW winds in winter, can be obtained, in about 32.9m, E of Imo Shima and S of the above mentioned 88.1m chimney. Imo Shima is a group of rocky islets, the highest of which is 9.8m high, that lie on foul ground within a 0.5 mile S of the SW extremity of Kakinoura Shima.5.34 5.34 5.34 5.34

5.33 Tera Shima (3302'N., 12938'E.), on the W side of Yobukono Seto, lies close off the E side of O Shima, and a narrow channel between them is obstructed by reefs; it is spanned by two overhead cables, with a minimum vertical clearance of 10m. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 14m, spans the channel close S of the S cable. A lighted beacon is shown at the NE end of the reef. Kabuto Shima, a prominent round-topped rock, 14.6m high, lies about 0.8 mile S of the S end of Tera Shima. A shoal bank extends 0.1 mile E and 0.15 mile N of the rock. A light is shown from Kabuto Shima. O Shima (3302'N., 12937'E.) lies close W of Tera Shima and is separated by a narrow channel, used only by small craft with local knowledge. Sunken rocks fringe both the N and S coasts of the island and should be given a wide berth. The E coast is indented and on this side lies Tokuman Wan and Kurose Wan, on its S and N parts, respectively. On the W side of the island is Oshima Ura. Uri Dake, almost in the middle of the island, attains a height of 194m and is prominent. Kakinoura Shima lies close SW of O Shima and is connected by a causeway. The island is fringed by foul ground and indented with a number of small coves and inlets. The town of Sakito stands in the middle of the island.5.33 5.33 5.33

5.35 Sakito Shima (3300'N., 12933'E.), 76m high, with Mitoko Shima, 48m high, W of it, lies on a shoal that extends about 1.3 miles WNW from the SW end of Kakinoura Shima. Close to the SW end of Sakito Shima stand three radio towers and a light is shown from the W side of Mitoko Shima. Kata Shima, about 1.5 miles off the middle of the NW coast of O Shima, is 99m high, and has a steep cliff on its S side, about 0.1 mile from the foot of which is a rock, 2.1m high. Sunken rocks lie within 0.1 mile of the SE and NE sides of the islet. Kanise Shosho (3305'N., 12936'E.) are extensive reefs lying NE of Kata Shima. The reefs lie within 1.5 miles of the NW extremity of O Shima. Kanise Shosho is marked by buoys on its E and S sides.5.35 5.35

Coastal Features5.36 Nanatsugama Ura (3300'N., 12939'E.) lies about 0.3 mile E of the S entrance to Yobukono Seto. The inlet is entered between Egawano Hana and Nagushi Sake, the N extremity of a narrow island forming the W side of the inlet, about 0.5 mile to the S. Small vessels, with local knowledge, can obtain excellent sheltered anchorage, in depths of 5.5 to 14.6m, in the N part of Nanatsugama Ura. A submarine cable is landed on the E shore of the inlet near the entrance. Ko-jima, an islet 22.9m high, lies about 1 mile S of the entrance to Nanatsugama Ura. Ono Hana rises steeply to Taka-bo Yama, a prominent 232m conical hill, 0.75 mile SSW of Ko-jima. Futatsu-Ko-Shima and Bakuwae Shima, both 12.8m high, lie about 1.3 miles S of Ono Hana. Kurokama Saki (3257'N., 12938'E.) lies 0.75 mile S of Bakuwae Shima. The point forms the NE side of Matsushima Suido. Matsushima Suido lies between the island of Matsu Shima, on the W side and Fuku Shima, Yaki Shima, and the mainland, on the E side. The strait is narrow and tortuous and not recommended; however, vessels finding it necessary to pass through the straits should refer to the courses and ranges indicated on the chart. It has been reported the largest vessel to transit the straits was about 800 grt. Pub. 159

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5.34

5.34 Sakito Ko (3301'N., 12934'E.) is a local port on the W coast of Kakinoura Shima, about 7 miles SW of Sasebo Ko. Sakito Ko was developed as a coal shipping port, but the Sakito coal mine has since been closed down. Vessels of about 2,000 grt now call at the ports cement and salt factories. The inner harbor splits into three branch bays; these are called, from the W, Kaki-no-Ura, Fuku Ura, and Mizu-no-Ura. DepthsLimitations.Sakito Ko has five berths and three pontoons for coal cargo. The five berths have a total length of 728m, with depths alongside of 6 to 8.2m. The three pontoon berths have a total length of 73m for lighters and barges with drafts of up to 4.3m. Berth 2, Berth 3, and Berth 4 are equipped with conveyors.

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Hana. A light is shown from the rock. Mie Ura is entered between No Se and Kagura Shima, 1.5 miles to the SE. The bay has a number of shoals and reefs, therefore, it should not be entered without local knowledge. Shikimi Ko (Mie-Shikimi) (3247'N., 12946'E.), a small fishing harbor protected by a breakwater, lies about 1.5 miles ESE of Kagura Shima. A light is shown from the head of the breakwater. A submarine cable is landed 1 mile SE of Shikimi light. Fukuda Saki (Hukuda Saki), on the N side of the main approach to Nagasaki Ko, is located about 2.5 miles SSE of Shikimi Ko, and is a precipitous headland faced with a remarkable white cliff. Fukuda Ura (Hukuda Ura), about 1 mile E of Fukuda Saki, affords good temporary anchorage, in 9.2 to 20.1m, mud, with protection from N and E winds. A pier at the head of the bay has depths of 5.5m alongside its head.5.38 5.38 5.38

5.36

An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of about 38m, spans Matsushima Suido between the E extremity of Matsu Shima and the W shore of Fuku Shima.

5.37 Matsu Shima (3256'N., 12937'E.) is flat-topped, well-cultivated, and rises to Tomi Yama, 218m high, in the center of the island. Its S and W coasts are mostly gravel; its several points are fringed by reefs, and within 0.2 mile of its W and S sides are rocks with depths of less than 9.2m. Matsushimano Se, a 2.1m patch, lies close WNW of Matsu Shima. Matsushima Ko (3256.2'N., 12936.5'E.) is a coal-exporting harbor on the N shore of Matsu Shima. The harbor entrance is protected on its NW side by an angled breakwater extending 0.4 mile NE from the N extremity of Kushi Shima; a lighted tower stands at its head. A jetty for the import of coal to the power station is situated S of the angled breakwater. Vessels of up to 60,000 dwt, with a maximum draft of 14m, may berth. The unloading rate is 1,600 tons per hour. Pilotage.Pilotage and the use of tugs are compulsory for vessels over 10,000 dwt. The pilot boards in position 3258.0'N, 12934.1'E. For vessels of 60,000 dwt and over, three tugs are required; for smaller vessels, two tugs are required. A signal station is situated about 0.2 mile S of the root of the angled breakwater. There is a mooring buoy in the harbor, about 90m E of the pier head. Fuku Shima (3255'N., 12938'E.) lies on the E side of Matsushima Suido. Yaki Shima lies close off the N end of Fuku Shima; Kashira Shima lies 0.25 mile off the islands S extremity. A light is shown from Kashira Shima. The three islands are all fringed with foul ground and rocks. Ike Shima, about 2 miles S of Matsu Shima, is a flat-topped island with two high hills on its W side. The N hill is 123m high and forms the summit of the island. A saltwater lagoon lies on the NE side of the island. Four buoys are moored off the lagoon and lead to a small harbor, protected by breakwaters. Ohiki Shima (3252'N., 12934'E.), about 1.3 miles SW of Iki Shima, is 76.5m high, and thickly wooded. About 0.5 mile NE of the islet lies Aino Se, a detached reef with a depth of less than 1.8m over its N end. The channel between Iki Shima and Ohiki Shima is not recommended. O Se, on which are a number of above-water rocks and which is surrounded by sunken rocks, is a ledge that dries and lies within 1 mile NW of the W end of Ohiki Shima. A light is shown from O Se. Hako Shima, about 1.5 miles SE of Iki Shima, is 52m high, and on its SW side, and separated from it by shoal water, is Ozumo Iwa, a steep, pointed rock, 79m high.5.37 5.37 5.37 5.37 5.37 5.37

Approaches to Nagasaki Ko5.39 On the N side of the approach to Nagasaki Ko is Matsu Shima, a small islet, 25.9m high, which lies about 1.3 miles S of Fukuda Saki. Nakano Shima, 17.1m high, lies about 0.4 mile SE of Matsu Shima, and Shiroga Shima, lies 0.25 mile ESE of Nakano Shima, and is connected to the mainland by a stone embankment. Kajikake, a reef that dries 0.6m, lies almost 0.5 mile ESE of Shiroga Shima. A lighted buoy is moored about 90m S of Kajikake. Takaboko Shima, 82m high and prominent, lies about 0.4 mile E of Kajikake. Hando Se lies on a small shoal, midway between Takaboko Shima and KoSaki Hana, the N entrance point to Nagasaki Ko. A buoy is moored close S of Hando Se.5.39 5.39

5.39

Io Shima, Okino Shima, and Koyagi Kagenoo Shima lie, in that order from the W to E, on the S side of the main approach to Nagasaki Ko. A light is shown from the N end of Io Shima. Okino Shima and Io Shima are connected by two bridges. A light is shown from the SE end of Okino Shima. Onaka Seto separates Okino Shima from Koyagi Shima. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 35m, crosses the strait between the two islands. A light is shown from Naginata Saki, the N extremity of Koyagi Kagenoo Shima.

Nagasaki Ko (3243'N., 12951'E.)

World Port Index No. 62360 5.40 Nagasaki Ko, which is a principal port, is entered between KoSaki Hana and Megami Hana, about 730m to the ENE. The harbor is large and well-sheltered by mountains; it is comprised of the inner and outer harbors, with berthing and mooring facilities for vessels of almost any size.

5.38

5.38

5.38

5.38 Kozumo Iwa (3251'N., 12940'E.), a square rock, 50.5m high, lies about 1.5 miles ESE of Hako Shima. Konoura Ura, a small bay on the mainland, lies about 2.5 miles ENE of Hako Shima. A long narrow shoal, with depths from 7.3 to 9.2m, lies in the center of the bay. The village of Konoura stands at the head of the bay and is protected by a breakwater. Shiro Hana (3250'N., 12942'E.) is a somewhat salient point that lies 3 miles SSE of Konoura. Hashira Sone, a steepto detached rock, with a depth of 2.1m, lies about 0.8 mile SE of Shiro Hana. No Se, a rock 0.6m high, lies about 2.3 miles SE of Shiro

WindsWeather5.40

With the exception of winds from the S, the harbor is protected from all other winds. The weather does not generally interfere with cargo operations, except during the rainy season.

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5.40

The MHW interval of Nagasaki Ko is 7 hours 54 minutes; spring tides rise 2.7m and neap tides rise 2.1m. The height of the water level is affected to a marked degree by seiches, which sometimes cause a variation of as much as 0.9m. A variation of about 2.7m in 20 minutes has been recorded. These phenomena usually occur from late autumn to early spring, but seldom in summer. The most pronounced of these oscillations usually occur when there are two localized areas of low pressure in the vicinity. The periods vary from about 10 to 40 minutes. Prior notifications is not possible at present. The tidal currents in the entrance and within Nagasaki Ko set inward on the flood and outward on the ebb, turning at the times of HW and LW; the rate does not exceed 0.5 knot.

5.40

pilot should be made through agents. The pilot boat carries International signals. The International Code flag G flag, in daytime and Morse signals, at night, are used to call the pilot. When sea conditions are unfavorable, mainly during strong N or W winds, the pilot boards in the vicinity of Matsu Shima.

RegulationsVessels carrying ammunition are not allowed to enter the port. In addition, full precautions are required to prevent fires within the harbor due to the presence of a large number of petroleum tanks in the Second District and the Third District.5.40 5.40

Signals DepthsLimitations5.40

The largest wharf in the harbor is Dejima Wharf. It is 420m long and suitable for vessels of up to 30,000 tons and a draft of less than 9m. Motofuna Pier, with a lighted tower at its head, extends nearly 0.2 mile W from the shore at the N end of Dejima Wharf. There are berths on the W and S sides of this pier with depths of 6.1 to 6.6m alongside. Matsugae Wharf, situated on the E side of the area about 0.7 mile NE of Tomi Hana, is 270m long and has a depth of 12m alongside. It is used by passenger vessels. The oil terminal is capable of accommodating vessels of up to 50,000 dwt, with 11.9m alongside. A number of mooring buoy berths can moor large vessels with deep drafts. The maximum permissible size of a vessel entering the harbor is 366m long, 36.6m breadth, and a draft of 15m.5.40 5.40 5.40 5.40 5.40

5.40

The arrival of vessels is reported by telegraph to Nagasaki from the flagstaff close to the lighthouse on Shin Bana. A signal station is situated on the E side of the entrance of the inner harbor in a position about 320m SSW of Megami Hana. Vessels should retain onboard the most recent edition of Japan Maritime Safety Laws and Regulations, obtainable through the Japanese Coast Guard. This publication should be kept as a reference for signal station communiques and their meanings, appropriate answering signals, and other local or specific regulations.

Anchorage5.40

5.40

AspectAt times, the islands in the approach to Nagasaki Ko do not show up against the background of the mainland and the position of the harbor is not easily made out, but on near approach no difficulty should be experienced. Hachiro Take (3240'N., 12951'E.) is the highest peak on Nagasaki Hanto. Iwasimi Take, a thickly-wooded hill, rises 167m about 0.3 mile N of KoSaki Bana, the W entrance point of the inner harbor. The hill is conspicuous from a distance. The flagstaff of a signal station on the E side of the entrance to the inner harbor is marked by a light at night, and forms a good mark for vessels entering or leaving the harbor. A vessel reported that a chimney near the S end of Futago Shima (3239'N., 12945'E.) is a good landmark when approaching Nagasaki Ko from the SW.5.40 5.40 5.40 5.40 5.40

5.40

Large vessels can obtain safe, sheltered anchorage during strong SW winds in the Third District and the Fourth District of the outer harbor. Anchorage can be taken in almost any part of the inner harbor, as designated by the port authorities, in 6.4 to 27.4m, mud, good holding ground. Vessels of more than 500 grt are required to use two anchors. Vessels are prohibited to anchor in the fairways. The quarantine anchorage lies in District Three, on the SE side of the fairway, S of KoSaki Hana.

Directions5.40

5.40

Pilotage5.40

Vessels can approach Nagasaki Ko from the SW by keeping Io Shima Light bearing not less than 040 in order to clear dangers lying off the S side of Taka Shima. When W of Taka Shima, course should be shaped to round Shin Bana at a distance of about 1 mile to a position with Io Shima Light bearing 180 and a distance of 1 mile. Approaching from the NW, from a position about 3 miles SW of Ohiki Shima, a vessel should steer for Io Shima in line with Hachiro Take, bearing about 119.

5.40

Pilotage is not compulsory, but necessary, unless the master is well acquainted with the locality. The pilot embarks about 1 mile NE of Io Shima Ma Hana Light; the pilot boards large vessels about 1.5 miles NW from the same light. The pilot is available at any time, subject to adequate notice; VHF radio contact is not available. All communications with the

Kayaki Wan to Nomo Saki

5.41 On the NW side of Nagasaki Hanto is Kayaki Wan, a small cove, which lies 2 miles SSE of Koyagi Shima. The cove affords anchorage to small vessels, in depths of 12.3 to 18.3m. The village of Kayaki lies at the head of the cove. Yoko Shima, Kuro Shima, and No Shima are a group of is5.41

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rocks extending about 90m offshore. Yori Shima (3201'N., 12822'E.), about 0.8 mile NNE of Hanaguri Shima, has two sharp peaks on its E side. Several above-water rocks lie within 0.25 mile W and S of the SW extremity of the island. Kuroki Shima, 104m high, is located about 0.5 mile NNE of Yori Shima. The islet is cliffy on all sides and is fringed with rocks. Nabe Seto, the channel between Kuroki Shima and Yori Shima, is foul and dangerous.5.43 5.43

lets, surrounded by reefs and rocks, lying to the W of Kayaki Wan. Otono Se, a reef with depths of less than 1.8m, lies about 0.5 mile SW of No Shima. Taka Shima (3240'N., 12945'E.) lies about 2 miles W of Kuro Shima. Futago Shima, the S part of Taka Shima, is the site of a colliery, the high buildings of which are conspicuous from a distance. Two chimneys stand at the S end; from a quay on the E side, a pier with depths of 7 to 7.9m at its head, projects E. Two mooring buoys and a breakwater lie off the head of the pier. The pier is exposed to winds from between the E and S. A light is shown in position 3239'15"N, 12945'41"E. The flood tidal current sets N at a maximum rate of 3 knots in the area. A large number of submarine cables are landed on the NE and S coasts of Taka Shima. Nakano Shima lies about 1.5 miles S of Taka Shima, and is a grassy, uninhabited island, 45m high. The N and S end of the island is fringed by reefs extending out about 0.2 mile.5.41 5.41 5.41

5.44

5.42

5.42

5.42

5.42 Ha Shima (3237'N., 12944'E.), about 0.5 mile SW of Nakano Shima, can be identified by the tall structures of a colliery. The island is completely encircled by an artificial embankment, on the E side of which is a pier and two mooring buoys. There are depths of 4.9 to 10.1m at the pier. A light is shown from Ha Shima. Mitsu Se, 1.75 miles SW of Ha Shima, is a patch of foul ground and is the SW danger on the E side of the approach from the S to Nagasaki Ko. It consists of a group of above-water and sunken rocks. Nakano Sone, about 0.8 mile E of Mitsu Se, is a steep-to detached rock, with a depth of 6.7m. A light is shown from Mitsu Se. Namokita Ura, a narrow inlet, is only available to small craft with local knowledge, and lies on the SW end of Nagasaki Hanto. The E entrance point is surmounted by a dense growth of trees and is prominent. Lights are shown from the entrance points to the inlet. Nomo Saki (3234'N., 12945'E.) is the SW extremity of Nagasaki Hanto. It is rocky and fringed with reefs that dry, which in places, extend 0.25 mile offshore. Otategami is a rock lying on a reef about 0.2 mile S of Nomo Saki. A light is shown from the rock.

5.44

5.44 O Shima (3203'N., 12824'E.) lies about 0.3 mile NE of Kuroki Shima and is separated from it by Magome Seto. The coastline of the island is rocky and rises precipitously from the waters edge to plateaus, about 91m high. There are many detached rocks off the several headlands of the island, but none is at a greater distance than 0.35 mile offshore. Hatake Sone (3204'N., 12826'E.), with a least depth of 0.9m, is a steep-to pinnacle rock that lies about 1.3 miles NE of Nokogiri Saki, the NE extremity of O Shima. A 1.8m shoal lies about 0.3 mile SSW of this rock. Tide rips mark these dangers, except at SW. The channel between the rocks is deep, but not recommended because of the tidal currents. Tori Shima (3214'N., 12806'E.) consists of three abovewater rocks lying about 19 miles NW of O Shima. The largest and S of these rocks is 17.4m high and has the appearance of a pyramid when seen from the S, but from the N it appears as a sharp ridge.

Goto Retto5.45 The Goto Retto consists of six principal islands; from S to N they are Fukue Shima, Hisaka Shima, Naru Shima, Wakamatsu Shima, Nakadori Shima, and Uku Shima, together with a number of small islands, islets, and rocks. There are six navigable channels through the islands, but the tidal currents in them are very strong, attaining at times a rate of 6.5 knots.

Fukue Shima5.46 Fukue Shima, the largest in Goto Retto, is mountainous. Its coasts are considerably indented and the coastal hills are grassy, but the mountains in the interior are rugged; the valleys between are fertile. Ose Saki (3237'N., 12836'E.) is the SW extremity of the island. The point is steep-to, rocky, and marked by a light. Daiho Ura lies 3 miles ESE of Ose Saki and affords anchorage, sheltered from the N wind, in depths of 14.6 to 18.3m, sand and shells. A light is shown from the head of the breakwater extending NE from the shore at Daiho. Kurose Wan (3236'N., 12844'E.) lies close E of Daiho Ura and affords anchorage, sheltered from N and E winds, to vessels with local knowledge. Futago Se is a rocky islet near the center of the bay. Tsutara-jima, a second islet, lies about 1 mile S of Futago Se. A light is shown from the head of the breakwater at Kurose. Kasayama Saki, the S extremity of Fukue Shima, is located about 2.5 miles SE of Kurose. It is rocky and shelving, and from it cultivated land rises to an elevation of 68m. A light is shown from the point. Kuro Shima, 98m high, lies 1.75 miles off the SE shore,5.46 5.46 5.46 5.46 5.46

Danjo Gunto and Goto Retto

5.43 Dango Gunto is a group of islands lying in the SW approach to Nagasake Ko, between 72 and 80 miles WSW of Nomo Saki. It consists of two main islands and a number of islets and rocks, mainly of basal formation. The coasts of the islands are cliffy and landing places few. With the exception of the lighthouse keepers, the group is uninhabited, but during the fishing season, large numbers of fishing vessels frequent the vicinity. Me Shima (3159'N., 12821'E.), the SW and highest island, is covered with stunted trees. There is a sharp peak, 283m high, near its N end; the S slope is wooded while the E slope is bare and cliffy. A light stands on the summit. Same Se, above-water rocks, lie about 1.5 miles S of the light. Hanaguri Shima lies about 1.3 miles NNE of Me Shima, and separated by Hanaguri Seto, with a navigable width of only 0.1 mile. The islet is steep-sided and 141m high. It is fringed with5.43

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about 3 miles NE of Kasayama Saki. It is steep and rocky on its SW and N sides. O Shima (3234'N., 12854'E.), the largest, highest, and southernmost of the islands, lies about 3.5 miles SE of Kuro Shima. Its summit is located towards its E side and attains a height of 92m. A light is shown from its SE point. O-Itabe-jima consists of two islets about 1 mile N of O Shima. Both are fringed with reefs and the channel between them and O Shima is foul. Aka Shima (3236'N., 12855'E.), the NE island of the group, lies about 2 miles NNE of O Shima. It is 54m high and fringed with reefs. Hana Se, about 0.5 mile to the N, is a reef that dries in places. Tomie Wan (3238'N., 12848'E.) lies about 2.5 miles NW of Kuro Shima and is entered between Nagasaki Bana and Kasura Bana. The entrance is about 2 miles wide, but its navigable width is considerably reduced by shoals on its S side.5.46 5.46 5.46 5.46

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5.48

5.48

depths of less than 18.3m, sand and shells, just outside the entrance to Arakawa Wan, on a spit that extends NE from Ko Shima to the mainland; the holding ground is not good and the position is exposed to the NW. The best anchorage is 0.2 to 0.3 mile off the head of Tamanoura Wan, S of the entrance of Nakasu Ura, in about 20.1m, mud, though the position is somewhat exposed to SE winds which blow across the low land between the head of the bay and Daiho Ura. Vessels of moderate size can obtain sheltered anchorage, in 11 to 12.8m, mud, in Nakasu Ura, but local knowledge is essential. The harbor is protected by a breakwater which has a light shown from the head of the breakwater.

5.47 The port of Tomie (3237'N., 12846'E.) lies in the SW corner of the bay. A light is shown from the W end of a breakwater protecting the port. Large vessels can anchor in Tomie Wan, in depths of 16.5 to 18.3m, sand, about midway between Kasura Bana and O-jira Se, with the latter in line with a rocky cape at the head of the bay, bearing 270. Small vessels can anchor, in 11m, sand, with O-jira Se in line with Kasura Bana, bearing 090, at a distance of about 1 mile from the former. Submarine cables, including a power cable, are laid between Kuro Shima and the coast of Fukue Shima, to the W, and from O Shima and Aka Shima, an island 1.5 miles NE, to the coast of Fukue Shima NNW. Directions.Vessels approaching from the E should pass N of Kuro Shima, taking care to avoid Motsu Se and the reef extending N from Aka Shima. After reaching the position WSW of Karasu Sone, they should follow the directions for vessels approaching from the SW. Sakiyama Hana, on the NE side of Fukue Shima, is the extremity of a rounded promontory, on which there is a group of grassy hills. A light is shown from a small cove close W of the point; a buoy marks Sembai Se.5.47 5.47 5.47

5.48

5.48

5.48

5.48 Fukue Ko (3242'N., 12852'E.) lies about 3.5 miles NW of Sakiyama Hana. The port is protected by breakwaters; a light stands at the SE head of the N breakwater and another light near the N head of the S breakwater, which is detached. Another detached breakwater lies close E of the N end of the S breakwater. A light is also shown from the head of another breakwater, 0.35 mile S of the N breakwater head. The port is used mainly by small craft. Vessels with local knowledge can obtain anchorage off Fukue, in depths of 14.6 to 16.5m, but caution is necessary because of submarine cables in the vicinity. Fukuro Suido lies on the W side of Fukue Shima about 2 miles N of Ose Saki. The strait is obstructed by a reef and care must be taken not to mistake it for the entrance to Tamanoura Wan, which is 2.5 miles farther N. A light is shown from the NW entrance to Fukuro Suido. Tamanoura Wan (3241'N., 12838'E.) affords excellent shelter, but the depths in most parts are considerable. Anchorage, sheltered from the NE and E winds, can be obtained, in

5.49 Sagano Shima (3244'N., 12836'E.) appears as two islets from a W direction. Vessels with local knowledge can obtain anchorage, sheltered from W winds, in about 15.5m, in a bay on the E side of Sagano Shima. Caution is necessary because of submarine cables. Hime Shima lies about 1.5 miles NNE of Kashiwa Saki, the NW extremity of Fukue Shima. The NW side of the island consists of overhanging cliffs, but the rest of the island is wooded or cultivated. A light is shown from Kashiwa Saki. Nishi Sone, with a depth of 11m, rock, lies 3.5 miles NW of Hime Shima. Kami Sone, a reef with two heads, lies about 2 miles E of Nishi Sone, and Shin Sone, with a depth of 7.3m, lies 0.5 mile N of Kami Sone. Hamanokuri Wan (3245'N., 12842'E.) is entered about 2.5 miles SE of Kashiwa Saki. The bay affords safe anchorage, except from winds between the N and E, in a depth of 11m, good holding ground. The village of Hamanokuri lies on the NW side of the bay and is protected by two breakwaters. A light is shown from the head of the N breakwater. Mizuno Ura is entered about 1.8 miles ENE of the E entrance point of Hamanokuri Wan. Vessels of moderate size can anchor in Mizuno Ura, in depths of 14.6 to 18.3m, mud. A light is shown on the NE side of Mizuno Ura. Kishuku Ura (3246'N., 12846'E.) is entered about 1.8 miles NE of Mizuno Ura. The bay affords anchorage to small vessels with local knowledge. Leading lights, shown from columns with white rectangular topmarks, are situated within the entrance on the S shore of the inlet; the lights in line bear 196. A short breakwater is situated 0.2 mile N of the front leading light. A light is shown from the E end of the breakwater. Kamo Se, a group of rocky islets, lie about 0.8 mile W of Ikokushi Bana, the N extremity of Fukue Shima. The highest rock is about 37m high, and is the northernmost of the group. A light is shown from Ikokushi Bana. Tanoura Seto is located between Fukue Shima and Hisaka-jima, and is about 1 mile wide except at its S end; the fairway is 0.5 mile wide. The shores of the strait are free from off-lying dangers and can be approached to a distance of 0.25 mile. Toki Wan, on the SW side of the strait, is available to small craft with local knowledge. Kashino Ura is entered close SE of Toki Wan and affords anchorage to small vessels. Tatara Shima, 166m high, is located in the SE entrance to Tanoura Seto; a lighted tower stands on the N extremity of the island. A lighted buoy is moored 0.4 mile N of Tatara Shima Light.5.49 5.49 5.49 5.49 5.49 5.49 5.49 5.49 5.49

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Sector 5. KyushuNorthwest Coast

Directions.A vessel approaching the strait from the W should make Arifuku Shima, which is a good landmark, and on nearer approach, Aino Shima will be easily identified. Approaching from the SE, Hebo Shima is prominent, as is Takasaki Bana.

Hisaka-Jima5.50 Hisaka-jima (3248'N., 12852'E.) is a hilly island with rocky shores; its W side rises steeply to a summit of hills from 244 to 343m high. Hisaka Wan, an inlet that almost divides the island into two parts, is entered from the N side of the island. The entrance channel is tortuous and in places not more than 0.1 mile wide, but it gives access to a completely landlocked basin. The village of Hisaka, at the S end of the inlet, has a small pier, 107m long. Vessels with local knowledge can obtain good anchorage, in 14.6 to 18.3m, mud, in the main basin or, in 9.2 to 11m, in the inner basin of Hisaka Wan. Entry in bad weather is difficult.

5.53

5.50

Wakamatsu-Jima5.54 This rugged island lies between Takigawara Seto, on its W side and Wakamatsu Seto, on its E side. The island is nearly divided into two parts by an inlet on its NW side that terminates in three narrow creeks. Hino Shima (3255'N., 12858'E.) is located about 0.5 mile ENE of Arifuku Shima, on the W side of the entrance to Wakamatsu Seto. The island is high, well-wooded, and conspicuous. Close off its N extremity is a doubled headed rock, close offshore. Ko-jima, a pointed islet covered with pine trees, lies off the NE side of the island. A rock, with a depth of less than 1.8m, lies close off the SE extremity of Hino Shima. Miyano Seto, a narrow channel only available to small vessels with local knowledge, separates Hino Shima from Arifuku Shima. In the N approach to the channel, about 137m N of the NE extremity of Arifuku Shima, there is a double-headed rock, 0.6m high.5.54 5.54

5.50

Naru Seto5.51 This strait lies between Hisaka Shima and Naru Shima and its fairway is not less than 0.5 mile wide. The shores on each side consist of steep rocky headlands, fringed with sunken rocks extending a short distance offshore. Kurosaki Bana, the W extremity of Naru Shima, forms the N entrance point at the NW end of the strait. A light is shown from Kurosaki Bana. Okushi Wan, on the NE side of the strait, is well-sheltered, and can be used as an anchorage by vessels with local knowledge, in depths of 18.3 to 20.1m, sand. Suzuno Ura (3250'N., 12855'E.) lies on the E side of the strait, about 2 miles SE of Okushi Wan. The bay is mostly foul and a light is shown from a point W of the bay. Ura Ko lies on the E side of the strait, close S of Suzuno Ura. Anchorage is available, in about 18.3m, in the middle of Ura Ko, about 0.4 mile within the entrance. A floating pier at the village of Ura is about 39.6m long, with depths of 4 to 6.1m alongside.5.51 5.51 5.51

Naru Shima5.52 Ainoura Wan, a long narrow inlet which penetrates the N coast of Naru Shima for a distance of nearly 2.8 miles, is entered between Unoko Shima and No Se, about 0.5 mile to the E. Vessels with local knowledge can obtain anchorage in depths of 14.6 to 16.5m, sand, about 0.8 mile from the head of Ainoura Wan.5.52

Ryosei Shima (3255'N., 12858'E.), close S of Hino Shima, is partly wooded and has three summits. The middle summit is the highest; the N summit the sharpest. Anchorage.Vessels can obtain anchorages, outside the tidal currents, between Hino Shima and Ryosei Shima, with shelter from all winds, except those between the E and S. Small vessels can obtain anchorage, between Ryosei Shima and Tenjin Shima, close E, with sand bottom, and clear of the tidal current. Anchorage can be obtained, in 32.9 to 36.6m, sand, off the entrance of the three arms at the head of the unnamed inlet on the NW side of Wakamatsu-jima. Local knowledge is essential in all the above areas.5.54 5.54 5.54 5.54 5.54

Wakamatsu Seto5.55 This strait lies between Wakamatsu Shima and Nakadori Shima. Its S half is very narrow and obstructed by islets and reefs. The tidal current is very strong and no attempt should be made to use it without local knowledge. Kushi-jima (3257'N., 12859'E.), on the N side of the NW end of the strait, is thickly wooded and high; its coasts are rocky and its several points are fringed with above-water rocks; close off its SW extremity is a rocky islet, 30.5m high. A light is shown from the NW extremity of the island. Oura Uchi, midway in the strait on the E side, has several arms suitable for small vessels with local knowledge. Anchorage can be obtained, in a depth of about 27.4m, in the middle of Oura Uchi or, in a depth of about 22.9m, in Arakawa Ura, the NE of the coves in Oura Uchi, but local knowledge is essential. Wakamatsu Ura (3253'N., 12901'E.) lies on the W side of the strait, about 2 miles SW of Oura Uchi. Anchorage can be obtained in the middle of the inlet, in depths of 21 to 22.9m, sand. The village of Wakamatsu lies at the head of the inlet.5.55 5.55 5.55

Takigawara Seto5.53 This strait separates Wakamatsu-jima from Naru Shima. The fairway of the strait is deep and free of dangers. Arifuku Shima (3256'N., 12856'E.) lies on the NE side of the NW end of the strait. It is 234m high, wooded, and cultivated. There are no dangers more than 0.1 mile from its SW coast. A light is shown from the W extremity of the island. Takigawara Ura is entered between KanSaki Bana and Takasaki Bana, nearly 1 mile to the SE. Vessels with local knowledge can obtain anchorage near the head of the bay, clear of the strong tidal currents at the entrance. Takasaki Bana forms a good landmark for vessels entering the strait from the SE. Hebo Shima (3250'N., 12900'E.), a prominent islet, 73.5m high, lies in the SW approach to the strait, about 2.3 miles SSE of Takasaki Bana.5.53 5.53 5.53

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Sector 5. KyushuNorthwest Coast Nakadori Shima

5.56 Ore Shima, an islet 87m high near its N end, is located about 2.5 miles NE of Kushi-jima Light, on the W side of Nakadori Shima. Shugen-jima, about 1 mile N of Ore Shima, is 154m high, with foul ground on its N and E sides. Two beacons, situated 1.25 miles NE of Ore Shima, in line bearing 070.5, lead between lighted buoys marking shoal water extending NE from Ore Shima and S from Shugen-jima. Aokata Wan (3259'N., 12902'E.) affords anchorage to vessels with local knowledge, in depths of 16.5 to 18.3m, off the entrances of the inlets in its SE part. Special care is necessary as there are submarine cables in the central part of the bay. A light is shown from Hitutu Se, on the E side of Aokata Wan. Aokata Ko (3259'N., 12903'E.) (World Port Index No. 62340), situated at the head of Aokata Wan, is an oil terminal protected by two breakwaters. Lights are shown from the head of each breakwater, and from a sea berth on the E side of Ore Shima. The harbor limits for Aokata Ko are drawn SSE from the W end of Shugen-jima and ENE from the E end. There are depths of 26m alongside the sea berth. A submarine pipeline is laid from the vicinity of the sea berth E across Aokata Wan. There are five floating oil tanks on the S side of the longer breakwater. Nama Wan is entered NE of Yakatame Saki, a remarkable rock, 96m high, lying about 2.5 miles NE of Shugen-jima. The E entrance of the bay is fringed with rocks that dry, and foul ground extending 0.2 mile offshore in places. The village of Nama is situated on the W side of the head of the bay. A light is shown from Yakatome Saki. Nama Wan affords good sheltered anchorage, in depths of 14.6 to 20.1m. The best anchorage for large vessels, in 20.1m, lies about 500m offshore at the head of the bay, with the summit of O Shima bearing 342 and just open E of Yagatameo Hana, and a red cliff, on the W side of the bay close N of the village of Nama, bearing 252. Small vessels can anchor, in 14.6m, farther E, with Tsuboke Se (3305'N., 12904'E.) and the extremity of the land on the E side of the bay, in line bearing about 343.5.56 5.56 5.56 5.56 5.56

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ma. A light is shown from the SW side of the island. Naka Sone and Benkei Sone, with depths of 14.6m, rock, are sometimes marked by tide rips. The former lies about 2 miles NNE of Aino Shima, and the latter about 1 mile farther N. 5.58 Nanori Se (3259'N., 12914'E.), a rock 23.8m high, about 4 miles NNE of Aino Shima, has foul ground extending about 0.2 mile to the N and S. Hira Shima, rising to an elevation of 207m in its center, is located about 1 mile N of Nanori Se. The N and W sides of the hill slope gradually to the sea, but on the S side there is a precipitous ridge. On the NE side of the island there is a hill, 101m high, that rises vertically from the waters edge. Kamoda Wan indents the SW side of Hira Shima. Small vessels with local knowledge can obtain anchorage, sheltered from the N and E winds, but exposed to the S and W, near the head of the bay. A light is shown from the NW extremity of Hira Shima and from the head of Kamoda Wan. Eno Shima (3300'N., 12921'E.) lies about 5 miles E of Hira Shima. The coasts of this island are foul in places for about 2.3 miles offshore. Close off its N extremity are two islets named Takenoko Shima; the larger is 30.8m high. To the N, W, and S of the island lie numerous islets, rocks, and foul patches for a distance of up to 2.5 miles and can best be seen on the charts. A lighted structure stands close offshore on the S side of the island. O-date Shima, 83m high, on which are two round-topped hills, is located about 4 miles ENE of Eno Shima. Kodate Shima lies on a shoal about 1 mile SE of O-date Shima. A light is shown from O-date Shima. Fuku Se (3305'N., 12926'E.) is an above-water rock located about 3.5 miles N of O-date Shima. A light is shown from the rock.5.58 5.58 5.58 5.58 5.58

5.57 Sao Bana (3249'N., 12904'E.), the S extremity of Nakadori Shima, is located about 2.5 miles SE of Shiro Saki, the S extremity of Wakamatsu Shima. Mitsu Se, a group of rocks, lies about 0.5 mile W of Sao Bana. A light is shown from Sao Bana. Otona Se (3249'N., 12905'E.) is a steep rock, 0.9m high, and lies about 1.5 miles ENE of Sao Bana. A light is shown from the rock. Narao Ko is a fishing harbor situated about 1.5 miles N of Sao Bana. A floating pier within the harbor is reported to have a depth of 6.1m alongside. Lights are shown from the harbor entrance. Taino Ura (3256'N., 12907'E.), the largest of several inlets on the SE side of Nakadori Shima, is located about 8 miles NNE of Sao Bana. Kaneko Shima, lying in the entrance of the inlet, is almost connected to the E point of the inlet by a reef. Small vessels with local knowledge can obtain anchorage, in about 10.1m. A light is shown from Kaneko Shima and from the head of the inlet. Aino Shima, 108m high, lies 3.5 miles ESE of Kaneko Shi5.57 5.57 5.57 5.57

5.59 Rokuro Shima, Yamaanju Shima, Noanju Shima, and Kashira Shima lie off the NE extremity of Nakadori Shima. Arikawa Wan (3300'N., 12907'E.) is entered W of Nokubi Saki, which lies about 2.3 miles WSW of the W extremity of Kashira Shima, and in it are a number of rocky islets and dangerous shoals. On its S side, Sakuraga Take and Takanosu Yama are prominent. The town of Arikawa lies in about the middle of the S side of the bay. A light is shown from a point close N of the town. Three lighted buoys mark dangers on the W side of the bay. The town fronts an artificial harbor, with a floating pier, 59m long, and a depth of 4m alongside. The bay affords anchorage to large vessels with local knowledge, sheltered from all winds, except from the N and E. Caution is necessary because of the many fish nets lying in the bay. From the head of Arikawa Wan, the coast trends about 10.8 miles N to Tsuwa Saki, the N extremity of Nakadori Shima. A light is shown from Tsuwa Saki. Mae Shima, 81m high, lies 1 mile offshore, about 2 miles SE of Tsuwa Saki. Tan Se (3309'N., 12908'E.), a conical islet, lies about 0.5 mile NE of the N extremity of Mae Shima. Rocks extend about 0.1 mile out from the islet on the W side. No attempt should be made to pass between Mae Shima and Tan Se. NoSaki Shima is located N of Nakadori Shima and the strait between its S end and Tsuwa Saki is about 0.3 mile wide. Its summit, which is 350m high and thickly wooded, lies near the N end of the island. A red scar on the W side of the summit5.59 5.59 5.59 5.59 5.59

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Sector 5. KyushuNorthwest Coast

Kuro Shima lies close SE of the SW extremity of Ojika Shima, with a shoal between them. There are two breakwaters near the N end of the island. A light is shown from the N breakwater. Kokuro Shima (3311'N., 12904'E.) is situated about 0.5 mile ENE of Kuro Shima; the narrow channel between it and the S coast of Ojika Shima is shoal. Madara-jima lies close W of the W extremity of Ojika Shima. The summit, 126m high, lies on the E side of the island. A light is shown from the NW extremity of Madara-jima. Koji Shima, Yaburogi Shima, Uu Shima, and O Shima lie 0.75 mile to 2.5 miles S, respectively, of Madara-jima. The passages between the islets are mostly foul and not recommended.5.62 5.62 5.62 5.62

makes the island easy to identify. 5.60 Kebuta Se (3312'N., 12909'E.) lies about 0.3 mile E of the NE extremity of NoSaki Shima. The passage between them is foul and should not be attempted. Mu Shima is rounded and 74m high, and lies about 0.5 mile NNE of the N extremity of NoSaki Shima. The island forms the S side of Ojika Seto. No Shima, 62m high, lies close N of Ojika Shima (3312'N., 12909'E.). Ojika Seto (3314'N., 12906'E.) lies between No Shima and Mu Shima on its S side, and Tera Shima and Uku Shima on its N side is not less than 1 mile wide, but in its center is Ai Se, a black pointed rock, 4m high. A light is shown from the rock. Kuromo Se, in the E approach to Ojika Seto is a steep-to group of rocks, 13.1m high, lying about 2.8 miles ENE of the summit of Mu Shima. A light is shown from Kuromo Se.5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60

Uku Shima5.61 Uku Shima (3316'N., 12907'E.) is the N island in Goto Retto. The coasts of the island are indented, and several of the bays afford shelter to small vessels with local knowledge. Shirono Take, in the center of the island, rises to an elevation of 259m. Tera Shima is a rugged islet, 37m high, composed mostly of lava; its N end is a narrow peninsula, from which a light is shown. The islet lies close off the SW side of Uku Shima. Tsushimase Hana (3318'N., 12908'E.) is the low N extremity of Uku Shima, and from it a steep-to reef extends about 0.3 mile to the N. A light is shown from the point. Koshiki-jima is a group of three islets lying about 2.5 miles E of Tsushimase Hana. A light is shown from the middle islet of the group.5.61 5.61 5.61

5.62

5.62

5.62 Nagasaki Hana (3316'N., 12910'E.), about 2.5 miles SE of Tsushimase Hana, is the low E extremity of Uku Shima, and from it foul ground extends about 0.5 mile to the E. A light is shown from the point. Taira, a village, protected by a breakwater, lies at the head of a cove with a sandy beach, about 1 mile WSW of Nagasaki Hana. A light is shown from the head of the breakwater. Ojika Shima (3312'N., 12903'E.) lies about 3 miles NW of Tsuwa Saki. A barren hill, 58m high, lies on the N end of the island. At the NE end of the island are two conical hills, N and S of each other. No Shima, 62m high, lies close off the middle of the N coast of Ojika Shima.

5.63 Aka Shima (3312'N., 12859'E.), 103m high, lies about 1.5 miles SW of Madara-jima. Its summit rises steeply from its S side and rounded topped hills lie at the W end of the island. There are a number of above-water rocks close off its NW side. Hoge Shima, 62m high, lies 1.25 miles S of the SE extremity of Aka Shima. Its summit, located at its S end, rises precipitously from the sea, and its N end is a hill, the two being connected by a natural arch that is prominent from the W. O Shima, 105m high, is located 1.25 miles E of Hoge Shima and has a vertical cliff on its NW side with a clump of trees on its summit. It is prominent from the S and W. A lighted tower stands on the SW extremity of the reef extending 1 mile SW of O Shima. Kura Shima (3312'N., 12855'E.) lies 3 miles W of Aka Shima. The islet rises to an elevation of 120m. Hoage Se, about 0.5 mile NW of Kura Shima, consists of two pointed islets. Shakushi, which dries, lies 0.75 mile NNE of Hoage Se and is usually marked by breakers. Mira Shima (3310'N., 12854'E.), 139m high, lies about 1.8 miles SW of Kura Shima. The island consists of two summits, N and S of each other. Hira Shima lies 0.75 mile S of Mira Shima. Shiro Se (3311'N., 12848'E.), the W islet in the N part of Goto Retto, lies nearly 16 miles W of Tsuwa Sakii; it appears to be split into two parts from its summit to the HW mark. Several above-water rocks lie within 0.1 mile N of it; another above-water rock is close to its S side. Shakushi Iwa, with a depth of 2.7m, rock, lies about 0.4 mile N of Shiro Se. A light is shown from Shiro Se. Korai Sone, with a depth of 4m, rock, lies about 6 miles SW of Shiro Se; it is located near the S end of a rocky shoal, with depths of less than 18.3m.5.63 5.63 5.63 5.63 5.63 5.63 5.63

Pub. 159

115 6. Kii Suido and Osaka Wan

6.0

Additional chart coverage may be found in NGA/DLIS Catalog of Maps, Charts, and Related Products (Unlimited Distribution).

SECTOR 6 CHART INFORMATION

Pub. 159

117

SECTOR 6KII SUIDO AND OSAKA WAN6.0

Plan.This sector first describes Kii Suido, the E entrance of the Naikai and its adjacent coasts, including the important ports of Wakayama and Shimotsu. Osaka Wan is then described, including the important ports of Osaka and Kobe, followed by Akashi Kaikyo.

General Remarks6.1 The Naikai (Inland Sea) is bordered N and E by the islands of Honshu and S by the islands of Shikoku and Kyushu. It is connected to the Pacific Ocean by Kii Suido and Bungo Suido, which lie E and W, respectively, of Shikoku; it is connected to the Sea of Japan by Kanmon Kaikyo. The Naikai extends about 240 miles from E to W and about 10 to 30 miles from N to S. There are about 3,000 islands and islets in the Naikai, and they are more numerous on the N side. The Naikai is famous for its scenery and abundance of historical landmarks; the greater part of it has been designated a national park. The seas in the Naikai are generally calm; there is no particular difficulty in navigation in the fairways established under the Maritime Traffic Safety Law or along the recommended charted routes, even at night. However, there are many places where the channels are narrow, the tidal currents are strong, and there is heavy traffic of all types and sizes of vessels. Very large vessels and tugs with long tows may also be met, and there are places where fishing vessels congregate in certain seasons of the year. Vessels should navigate with caution to avoid collision. Certain charts of the Naikai indicate Japanese swept areas as being safe from mines for shipping on a risk acceptable basis. The boundary lines between the Naikai and other sea areas are, as follows: 1. A line between Hino Misaki Light (3352'42"N., 13503'50"E.) and Gamoda Misaki Light (3349'50"N., 13445'08"E.). 2. A line between Sado Misaki Light (3320'24"N., 13201'E.) and Jizo Misaki Light (3315'48"N., 13154'20"E.). 3. A line between Daiba Hana on Takenoko Shima (3356'50"N., 13052'27"E.) and Wakamatu Dokai Wan Entrance Breakwater Light (3356'17"N., 13051'11"E.). The Maritime Traffic Law has been established in the Naikai (Inland Sea) and other Japanese areas to increase the safety of traffic in congested areas by prescribing special regulations and by enforcing the use of certain traffic routes. Almost all the sea areas of the Naikai, except for the harbor areas, are subject to this law. See Pub. 120, Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) Pacific Ocean and Southeast Asia. The compulsory traffic routes are charted, and special regulations pertaining to each route are described in the appropriate sectors of this publication. Pilotage.There are currently four compulsory pilotage districts in Seto Naikai, as follows:6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.1

1. The Komatsushima area. 2. The Kobe Ko district. 3. The Naikai area, encompassing most of the inland sea, except Kii Suido, the approaches to Kanmon Kaikyo and Kanmon Ko, and Bungo Suido. 4. The Osaka Wan district, including Tomogasima Suido and Akashi Kaikyo. Pilotage is compulsory in Kobe Ko and Kanmon Ko; however, in Kanmon Ko this applies only to the harbor areas outside the fairways and the channels through Kanmon Kaikyo. Foreign vessels intending to proceed through Bisan Seto East Fairway, Bisan Seto North Fairway, Bisan Seto South Fairway, Uko East Fairway, Uko West Fairway, Mizushima Fairway, and Kuroshima Kaikyo Fairway, which are designated by Maritime Traffic Safety Headquarters of the district concerned to embark a pilot. Pilots are available 24 hours in the Naikai. Pilots board, as follows: 1. Vessels entering through Kii Suido are boarded in the vicinity of Wada Misaki Quarantine Anchorage (3438'N., 13511'E.). Wada Misaki Signal Station is reported no longer in use. The station had displayed anchoring and berthing signals. Pilots will board very large vessels, which are proceeding direct to various harbors in the Naikai from Tomagashima Suido, in the area bearing 203, distant 5 miles from Kobe Light (3439'N., 13510'E.). Pilots will disembark from very large vessels proceeding direct to Tomagashima Suido from various harbors in the Naikai, in the area bearing 213, distant 5.5 miles from Kobe Light. 2. Vessels entering through Bungo Suido are boarded about 3 miles SSE of Seki Saki Light (3316'N., 13154'E.); vessels 200m in length or over are boarded 4 miles SE of the light. With strong NW winds and seas in winter, vessels should proceed, if possible, to a sheltered area S of Tsuta Shima and wait for the pilot. 3. Vessels entering through Kanmon Kaikyo board about 0.5 mile E of Matsure Shima Light (3358'N., 13052'E.), or in the vicinity of He Saki Quarantine Anchorage (3357'N., 13102'E.). 4. Vessels from Kobe or Osaka board the pilot 1 mile SE of Kobe Light, for vessels under 200m in length, or 4 miles SSW of Kobe Light, for vessels over 200m in length. Requests for a pilot should be made by radio or radiotelephone 24 hours before ETA to the appropriate pilot headquarters or through the vessels agent. Confirmation of time of arrival should be made 6 hours before ETA; any change in ETA should be made at this time. When vessels equipped with radiotelephone come within range of Kobe Port Radio Station, Shimonoseki Port Radio Station, or Oita Port Radio Stations, they should immediately send a message confirming their ETA, and then keep a watch on VHF channel 16. Vessels nearing the pilot station should hoist International Pub. 159

Sector 6. Kii Suido and Osaka Wan

Hino Misaki/I Shima Voluntary Traffic Separation Scheme Code flag G by day, and flash the Morse letter G continuously at night. In poor visibility, vessels should sound the Morse letter G by sound signal continuously. For further information regarding pilotage in Tomogashima Suido, see paragraph 6.15. Regulations.Vessels of more than 150 grt carrying hazardous and noxious substances, in liquid form, as defined in MARPOL 73/78 Annex II, and calling at ports or terminals within Tokyo Wan Ise Wan, and the Naikai, must comply with regulations effective April 1, 2008. Further information can be found in Pub. 120, Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) Pacific Ocean and Southeast Asia.6.1 6.1

ma, in close proximity of the voluntary traffic separation scheme. A submarine power cable laid between Tachibana and Shira Saki, whose position is best seen on chart, may cause local magnetic compass anomalies.6.2

Kii SuidoEast Side

6.3 Hino Misaki, a steep cliffy headland, is marked by a light and ramark. Hino Yama, 202m high, is conspicuous nearly 0.5 mile NE of Hino Misaki. Okura Baye, 19.8m high, about 0.1 mile W of the cape, is the outermost of the many above-water rocks fringing the cape; a rock, with a depth of 1m, lies about 45m farther W. Kajitori Sho, which dries 0.6m, lies about 0.2 mile offshore, nearly 0.5 mile NNW of the cape. Hasedeno Hana (3354'N., 13504'E.), about 1.5 miles N of Hino Misaki, rises to a pointed hill, 101m high. Hii Wan is entered between Hasedeno Hano and Oura Saki, about 1.3 miles NNE. Naka, a group of rocks, lies in the central part of the bay; a light is shown from the highest rock. At the inner end of the bay are three coves, which provide anchorage for small vessels with local knowledge. Anchorage cannot be taken during strong W winds when seas enter the bay. Oura Saki is a low flat cliffy projection. Ichinoe Bae (3356'N., 13504'E.), 5.2m high and marked by a light, is the outermost above-water rock on a shoal spit extending about 0.4 mile NW of a point, about 0.4 mile NE of Oura Saki. Yura Ko (3357'N., 13506'E.) is entered between Ichinoe Bae and Shimoyama Hana, about 1.5 miles NNE. Hijiki Shima, 35m high, lies about 0.3 mile W of Shimoyama Hana, and6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3

Kii Suido6.2 Kii Suido, the E entrance to the Naikai, is entered between Hino Misaki (3353'N., 13504'E.) and Gamoda Misaki, about 16 miles WSW. A voluntary traffic separation scheme has been established in Kii Suido, in the vicinity of Hino Misaki and I Shima. See Pub. 120, Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) Pacific Ocean and Southeast Asia for further information. The principal channel into Osaka Wan through the NE part of Kii Suido is Yuro Seto in Tomogashima Suido. Naruto Kaikyo, in the NW part of Kii Suido, leads into Harima Nada, and is better avoided by large vessels and vessels without local knowledge; Naruto Kaikyo has very strong tidal currents, is narrow, and has many reefs. Caution.A wreck is reported in position 3352'52"N, 13451'51"E, approximately 3 miles NE of the N tip of I Shi6.2 6.2 6.2

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Sector 6. Kii Suido and Osaka Wan

119

Hino Misaki Light Kasane Yama, a rounded hill, 263m high, and surmounted by a radio tower, is conspicuous about 1 mile E of the same point. Ari Shima, 72m high, lies in the entrance to the inlet; the islet is bordered by rocks, and a 3.6m depth lies about 0.2 mile E of it. A fish haven is situated 0.5 mile W of Ari Shima in the approaches to Yura Ko. There are depths of 5 to 25m in the harbor, The mooring quay situated on the N side of the Jura Kawa estuary is limited to vessels of up to 700 dwt. There are depths of 3.5 to 8m at Sakurajima quay, however this berth is for the use of a cement company exclusively, except in an emergency. Anchorage.Anchorage can be taken, in 11m, mud, good holding ground, about 0.2 mile W of the head of the jetty, sheltered from all but SW winds.6.3 6.3

Miyasakino Hana Light about 0.2 mile N of the W islet. Kenashi To, two steep-to brown rocks, 21m high, lie about 0.5 mile ENE of Karumo-jima. Sogami Se, a rock awash, lies about 1.3 miles NW of Kenashi To. Anchorage.Good anchorage, sheltered from all but W winds, can be taken, in 11.9 to 14.9m, mud, SE of Kenashi To, in the outer part of Yuasahiro Ko. Temporary anchorage can be taken by small vessels of 500 grt off a bight on the SE side of Taka Shima, in depths of 11.9 to 14.9m, mud, good holding ground. Care must be taken to avoid the reefs about 0.2 mile SSE of Taka Shima, and the seas become heavy with strong S to NW winds.6.4 6.4

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.4 Shira Saki (3358'N., 13504'E.), rising to an elevation of 57m, is a whitish gray cliff. It is prominent and rises gradually to Kuro Yama, 254m high, about 1.5 miles E. Ashika Shima, 4.8m high, steep-to on its W side, and usually marked by breakers, lies about 0.4 mile W of Shira Saki. A light is shown from a round concrete tower standing on the rock. Okura Bae, a black rock, 7.5m high, lies about 0.2 mile N of Shira Saki, with other rocks between. Yuasa Wan is entered between Shira Saki and Miyasakino Hana, about 6 miles N. The latter point is steep and covered with pine trees; a light is shown from the point, and pine trees are conspicuous on a hill, 90m high, about 0.4 mile SE of the point. A measured distance of about 2,118m lies to the W of Miyasakino Hana and is indicated by the light structure and three beacons. Ogono Se, with a depth of 3.1m, and steep-to, lies about 0.4 mile S of Miyasakino Hana. There are several islets and numerous fish havens in Yuasa Wan. Yuasahiro Ko lies at the head of the bay. Oba Se, a rock with a depth of 0.3m, and Sono Se, a rock, with a depth of 7.3m, lie in the central part of the bay, about 1.5 miles NW and 0.8 mile NW, respectively, of the W extremity of Taka Shima (3401'N., 13507'E.). Karumo-jima, about 1 mile NNE of Taka Shima, has above-water rocks extending

Wakayama-Shimotsu Ko (3412'N., 13508'E.)

World Port Index No. 61542, 61543, and 61545 6.5 Wakayama-Shimotsu Ko occupies the N part of the E side of Kii Suido, and extends between Miyasakino Hana (3405'N., 13505'E.) and Takura Saki, about 11.5 miles N. The harbor is divided from the S to N into the harbor areas of Arida Ku, Shimotsu Ku, Kainan Ku, and Wakayama Ku. The three cities of Arida, Kainan and Wakayama and the town of Shimotsu lie on its shores. Arida Ku and Shimotsu Ku are petrochemical factory zones with large refineries in the area. An industrial area has been constructed in Kainan-Ku, in the SE part of Wakanoura Wan. Wakayama Ku is further divided into Minami Ku (South District) and Kita Ku (North District), located S and N, respectively, of the mouth of Kina Kawa.6.5

Pub. 159

120

Sector 6. Kii Suido and Osaka Wan

spans the entrance to Kainan Ku. A prohibited entry area exists to the N of the buoyed channel. A lighted buoy marks the seaward end of a submarine water pipeline in the N part of this area. A jetty at the head of the harbor has depths of 13m alongside, and can accommodate tankers up to 78,000 dwt. A pier, on the N side of the harbor, has a berth with depths of 11 to 12m alongside, with a length of 360m; it can accommodate vessels up to 20,000 dwt. Overhead power cables, with vertical clearances of 28m and 24m, respectively, span the basins at the E end and SE ends of the harbor. Another overhead power cable, with a vertical clearance of 40m, crosses the channel leading N in the E part of the harbor. Wakayama Ku (Minami Ku), the area enclosed by breakwaters close S of the mouth of Kino Kawa, has depths of 8.5 to 9.5m alongside the N side of the base of the S breakwater; it can accommodate vessels up to 15,000 dwt and has a berthing length of 370m. There are depths of 9.8 to 10.1m alongside the S side of the base of the S breakwater. Kita Ku harbor, two dolphin berths on the inner side of the W breakwater, have depths of 11.9m alongside and can accommodate vessels up to 20,000 dwt; the SE berth is for LPG vessels only. Berth B, on the NE side of the main harbor, can accommodate vessels up to 90,000 dwt in 9.5 to 14m; Berth C can accommodate 70,000 grt vessels in 14m of water.6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5

WindsWeather6.5

6.5

In winter, the swell enters all the harbor areas when strong monsoon winds are blowing. Shimotsu Ku is well-sheltered from S winds, but tankers berthed at Toa Fuel Jetty E-1, on the S side of the harbor, must beware of SE gusts blowing down from the mountains behind. Caution is advised in Minami Ku (South District) of Wakayama Ku, when strong SW to WNW winds and seas cause heavy seas to enter the harbor. When the center of a typhoon passes W of the harbor, S to SW winds are strong, and caution is also necessary with regard to W winds after passage of the typhoon. In a typhoon it is recommended locally that large vessels in Arida Ku, Shimotso Ku, and Kainan Ku should seek shelter in Wakanoura Wan, and large vessels in Wakayama Ku should seek shelter off Kishiwada (Hannon Ko) in Osaka Wan; small vessels should seek shelter inside each harbor area.

TidesCurrents6.5

6.5

The tidal rise at Wakayama is 1.8m at MHWS, and 1.4m at MHWN. The tidal currents flow N and S, but have virtually no effect on shipping. However, in the vicinity of the quarantine anchorage (3407'N., 13507'E.), at the time of HW and LW, respectively, at Shimotsu, the N current and the S current are at their strongest, with a velocity of about 0.8 knots.

DepthsLimitations AspectJino Shima (3407'N., 13506'E.) is bordered by rocks and shoals extending about 0.1 mile offshore. Fish havens exist off the S coast of the island. Nabe Iso, with a depth of 0.9m and marked SW by a lighted buoy, lies about 0.3 mile S of Jino Shima, with depths of less than 10.1m extending about 0.2 mile N. Kenashi Ishi, a rock, 11m high, lies near the coast, about 0.5 mile SSE of Jino Shima; a 4.3m depth lies about 0.1 mile W of the rock. The channel between Jino Shima and the mainland is marked by lighted buoys. A submarine water pipeline is reported to extend 100m WNW from the shore on the E side of the channel; its seaward end is marked by a lighted buoy. Toa Fuel Jetty O-1 is on the coast E of Jino Shima. The berth can be used by tankers up to 236,000 dwt, with a draft of 18.5m. There is a submersible oil boom at the berth. Lights are shown at the pierhead and approximately 0.2 mile N and S of it. The berth is equipped with dolphins, oil fencing, and mooring buoys. Osaki Sea Berth, close N of Tsubune Hana, has depths of 24 to 25m, and can accommodate tankers up to 130,000 dwt. A submarine pipeline extends from the berth to Tsubune Hana; a submarine power cable is laid between the dolphins at either end of the berth. Toa Fuel Jetty E-1, on the S side of Shimotsu Ku, has depths of 13.5m alongside, and can accommodate tankers up to 70,000 dwt. Kainan Ku, reached by a channel dredged to 12m, leads to the SE corner of Wakanoura Wan; the channel is marked by lighted buoys. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of about 47m,6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5

Miyasakino Hana (3405'N., 13505'E.) was previously described with Yuasa Wan in paragraph 6.4. Okino Shima, about 2.3 miles farther N, is 92m high, and marked by a light in its W part. Jino Shima, about 1 mile E of Okino Shima, rises to an elevation of 115m near its SW end and has a high cliff on its W side. Oil tanks, painted silver, are conspicuous on the mainland E and SE of Jino Shima. A large chimney, 161m high, painted red and white and emitting flames, is conspicuous about 0.8 mile SE of the N end of Jino Shima; a three-stack chimney, 135m high, with its upper part painted black and its lower part silver, is conspicuous about 0.3 mile farther S. Fuki Kosan Refinery, in which there are a number of chimneys and oil tanks, lies at the inner end of the harbor. A channel, marked by lighted and unlighted buoys, leads between Jino Shima and the mainland. Tsubune Hana, at the N entrance to Shimotsu Ku, is marked by a light. Several oil tanks, 25m high, and painted white, are conspicuous on the NE side of the headland. Saika Saki (3411'N., 13509'E.), the N entrance point of Wakanoura Wan, is a steep, cliffy headland, marked by a light. Close W, there are four islets, including O Shima, 34m high. Wakayama Castle, with its keep on the summit of a 40m hill, is conspicuous nearly 3 miles NE of Saika Saki, in the city of Wakayama. A power station chimney is conspicuous about 0.5 mile N of the head of Kita Ku North Breakwater; the three-stack composite chimney is 80m high and painted red and white.6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5

Wakanoura Wan provides anchorage, in 4.9 to 20m, soft mud, good holding ground, except during strong winds between the S and W, which send in a heavy sea. The quarantine anchorage lies NE of Jino Shima.

DirectionsSaika Saki Light Takura Saki (3416'N., 13504'E.) rises to an elevation of 41m and is marked by a light. Hachimaki Yama rises to an elevation of 131m, about 0.5 mile ENE of the headland.6.5

Fairways Shimotsu Fairway, which leads into Shimotsu Ku, is entered about 0.4 mile SSW of Tsubune Hana; the fairway is 0.1 mile wide and about 1.1 miles long, oriented on a heading of 123. Kita Ku Fairway, which leads into Wakayama Ku (Kita Ku), is about 0.2 mile wide and marked by lights and lighted buoys. Reclaimed land extends W on the seaward side of the former S breakwater and forms the S side of Kita Ku Fairway. Passage in depths of over 10.1m can be made S of Jino Shima, but the least navigable width is about 250m. Care is necessary to clear Nabe Iso and the depth of less than 10.1m extending N. Vessels entering Shimotsu Ku should steer for the entrance to Shimotsu Fairway on a course of 100 from a position about 1 mile N of Shimotsu Ko Light (3407'N., 13505'E.) on Okino Shima. After entering the fairway, alter course to 123, steering for the summit of Sotose Yama, 43m high, located about 0.3 mile WNW of the harbormasters office. Caution is necessary due to vessels at anchor in the quarantine anchorage, which lies about 0.5 mile W of the fairway entrance. Vessels proceeding to Wakayama Ku (Kita Ku) from the S should steer for Takura Saki Light; when W of Kita Ku Fairway, alter course as necessary for the passage. Vessels from the N should steer for the entrance to Kita Ku Fairway from a position about 1.5 miles SW of Takura Saki Light. Caution is necessary when entering and leaving the harbor, as there are a large number of fishing boats in the harbor.6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5

Caution6.5

Shimotsu Ku Kajitori Ne, a rock with a depth of 1.2m and marked by a buoy, lies about 0.2 mile SSE of Tsubune Hana (3408'N., 13508'E.), on the N side of the entrance to Shimotsu Ku.

Takura Saki Light

Kii SuidoWest Side

6.6 Gamoda Misaki (3350'N., 13445'E.), the E extremity of Shikoku, terminates in steep, dark brown cliffs, and is marked by a light. I Shima, about 3 miles ENE of Gamoda Misaki, rises to an elevation of 134m to the tops of the trees at its N end; Toni Yama, a hill, 129m high, lies in the S part of the Pub. 159

Pilotage6.5

Pilotage is not compulsory, but recommended for vessels under 30,000 dwt. For vessels greater than 30,000 dwt, it is compulsory for two pilots to be onboard.

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Sector 6. Kii Suido and Osaka Wan

The electric power station on the NE side of the reclaimed area has a conspicuous chimney, 202m high, painted red and white. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory but recommended. Pilots are available off the entrance to Tachibana Ura during daylight. Vessels usually anchor at Shimotsu, where the authorities board and grant free pratique. Anchorage.Good anchorage, except during NE winds, can be taken, in 10.5m, mud, good holding ground, about midway between Taka Shima, Naga Shima, and Kokatsu Shima. Directions.From the N, approach with Urume Shima bearing 223 until Funo Iso Light is in line with Takasaki Yama, bearing 270, when course is altered 242, steering for the summit of Kokatsu Shima. When Urume Shima is abeam, bearing 152, alter course to 262 and thereafter steer as required to enter the harbor. From the E, approach with Funo Iso Light bearing 270 and in line with Takasaki Yama. When Ao Shima is abeam bearing N, alter course to 242 and enter the harbor as previously directed. Caution.Magnetic anomalies are experienced near the submarine cable lying N of Tachibana Ko and Yura Ko.6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7

island, and is marked by a light on its summit. Two islets lie on the W side of I Shima. Between these islets and Gamoda Misaki there are many groups of rocks, some above-water. Navigation in this area should not be attempted without local knowledge. Sirika Bae, a rock, 4.3m high, lies about 0.7 mile SE of Gamoda Misaki, and is illuminated by an auxiliary light on the headland. Tsubakidomari Ura, a long inlet, lies N of the promontory terminating in Gamado Misaki. Maiko-jima, 85m high at its E end, lies in the entrance to the inlet, about 1 mile NW of Gamoda Misaki. The inlet affords good anchorage to small vessels with local knowledge, in depths of over 10.1m. The better entrance to the inlet lies W of Maiko-jima; there are reefs on either side of this entrance.6.6 6.6

Tachibana Ko (3352'N., 13440'E.)

World Port Index No. 61965 6.7 Tachibana Ko lies near the head of Tachibana Ura; it is sheltered by Gamoda Misaki and I shima from SE winds and seas during the typhoon season (August to October), and sheltered from the W to NW winds of winter by the surrounding hills. Being a natural well-sheltered harbor, it has developed into an industrial port, with an electric power station and other industries. WindsWeather.Throughout the year, the most common wind direction is NW to NE. Storms are most frequent when there are N winds, followed by S winds. When a typhoon is proceeding E along the S coast of Shikoku, caution is necessary as considerable E to SE swells enter the harbor. DepthsLimitations.The draft limitation in the channel is 10.2m. The pier, on the S side of the reclaimed area, has a depth of 10.7m alongside and can accommodate vessels up to 200m in length and up to 30,000 dwt. A dolphin jetty, on the NE side of the reclaimed area, has depths of 7.3m alongside, and can accommodate a 5,000 grt vessel. Aspect.Tachibana Ura has many islets and groups of rocks in its entrance. Funo Iso (3353'N., 13443'E.), on the N side of the entrance, consists of two rocks, 1.2m high; a light is shown from the N rock. Ao Shima, about 2 miles NNE of Funo Iso, is saddle-shaped; it is 55m high in its NE part and is marked by a light on a hill in its SW part. Nakatsu Shima and Maru Shima lie about 0.5 mile S and 1 mile SSW, respectively, of Ao Shima. Hadake Shima, a rock, 7.9m high, lies about 1.4 miles SSE of Funo Iso, on the S side of the entrance to Tachibana Ura; it should not be approached closely due to dangerous rocks extending about 0.5 mile from it. Tobi Shima, 30m high, about 0.5 mile S of Hadake Shima, is joined by reefs to Nono-jima, about 0.4 mile farther SSW. Takasaki Yama, 81m high, flat-topped, and covered with trees, lies about 1.3 miles W of Funo Iso; Urume Shima, 46m high to the tops of the trees, lies about 2 miles SW of Funo Iso. Taka Shima, 84m high, and Kokatsu Shima, 76m high in its N part, lie about 0.5 mile and 1.5 miles W, respectively, of Urume Shima. Okonai Yama, 138m high, lies at the head of the harbor, about 1.5 miles W of the N end of Kokatsu Shima.6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7

Tachibana Ura to Komatsushima Wan

6.8 Ao Shima (3355'N., 13443'E.), previously described in paragraph 6.7, lies close E of the entrance to Naka Gawa. Mitsu Ishi, a rock, 7m high, lies about 0.3 mile E of Ao Shima, near the outer end of islets and reefs fronting the river entrance. Tomioka Ko (3355'N., 13442'E.) lies at the mouth of Naka Gawa. A wharf on the S side of the river has depths of 3.5 to 5m alongside. Passage between the islets and the coast requires local knowledge. A large chimney, 95m high and painted white, is conspicuous from a distance on the S side of Tomioka Ko. Depths of less than 10.1m extend nearly 1 mile offshore between the mouth of Naka Gawa and Wadano Hana, about 6 miles NW. Pilotage.The pilot for Tomioka Ko boards at Komatsushima Ko (3402'N., 13437'E.). Wadano Hana (3400'N., 13438'E.), a low flat wooded projection, is fringed by shoal water extending up to 0.1 mile offshore. Near the N extremity of Wadano Hana, a light is shown. Another light is shown on the coast about 3 miles SE. The silo of an animal feed factory, about 0.8 mile S of Wadano Hana, is the most conspicuous object in the vicinity. Caution.Okame Iso, a group of rocks, which dries 0.9m, lies about 1.8 miles N of Wadano Hana; a light is shown from its central part. Okino Se, isolated rocks, with a least depth of 3.1m, lies about 1.8 miles ENE of Okame Iso; it is marked by breakers when there is any swell.6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8

Komatsushima Ko (3400'N., 13436'E.)

Sector 6. Kii Suido and Osaka Wan

sist of an area sheltered by breakwaters in the W part of the harbor, and Kanaiso Wharf and New Kanaiso Wharf in the S part of the harbor. Fairways, marked by buoys, lead between E and S breakwaters to the inner harbor, and to the wharves in the S part of the harbor. The tidal rise is 1.6m at MHWS. DepthsLimitations.Shinko channel is dredged to a depth of 9m. A berth, on the W side of the inner harbor, is 170m in length and can accommodate vessels of 15,000 grt, with a draft of 8.5m. Kanaiso New Wharf, 210m long, has a depth alongside of 11m and can accommodate vessels of up to 20,000 tons. Kanaiso Wharf and Kanaiso New Wharf can accommodate vessels of 15,000 and 20,000 grt, respectively, with drafts up to 8.5m. Kanaiso Wharf is 170m long; Kanaiso New Wharf is 200m long. Aspect.A white six-story building is conspicuous about 0.3 mile WSW of the S breakwater head. Nei Hana, with a red-colored cliff close N, lies about 1.7 miles WNW of Wadano Hana. Komatsushima Ko Light is shown from the summit of a hill, 92m high to the tops of the trees, about 0.3 mile W of Nei Hana. Shiba Yama rises to an elevation of 191m, about 0.7 mile NW of Nei Hana. Kigisu Iwa, a group of four rocks, lies on a shoal about 0.3 mile NNE of Nei Hana; shoal water extends about 0.1 mile E of the highest rock, which is 11.9m high. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory. Pilots are available and will normally board about 0.8 mile NW of Wadano Hana Light; in bad weather, they will board off the lighted buoys situated about 1.3 miles W of Wadano Hana. For free pratique, vessels usually anchor in Mutsure or Shimotsu to board the authorities. Pilots can be contacted on VHF channels 16 and 12. Anchorage.Good anchorage can be taken in Komatsushima Ko, in 7.3 to 11m, mud, good holding ground. Directions.After rounding Wadano Hana, vessels bound for the breakwater harbor should steer for the lighted buoys moored about 1.3 miles W of Wadano Hana, then steer for the fairway entrance, while vessels bound for Kanaiso Wharves should steer for the lighted buoys moored about 1 mile SW of Wadano Hana and proceed through the fairway. Caution.Inside the breakwaters it is considered safe except from NE winds and seas, but the anchorage is dangerous when there are heavy seas from SE. There is particular danger when the harbor is in the right hand semicircle of a typhoon. In such circumstances it is advisable to anchor SW of Wadano Hano, in 7 to 7.9m, good holding ground; caution is advised to avoid the seaweed cultivating grounds along the shore.6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9

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place. Lighted buoys are moored 0.3 mile NE and 0.2 mile NW, respectively, of the N end of Tsuda Outer Breakwater. There are extensive seaweed beds on the N side of the river mouth, and timber ponds S of the river mouth. DepthsLimitations.The entrance to the river has been dredged to 4 to 5.8m. There are wharves, with depths of 4.5 to 5.5m alongside, in the harbor. A submarine wave meter lies in the approach to Tokushima Ko in position 3402'N, 13439'E. Aspect.Tsudo Yama, a hill, 78m high, is conspicuous about 1.3 miles W of the river entrance. Bi San, 280m high, with two radio towers and a pagoda on its summit, is conspicuous about 3 miles WNW of the river entrance; the pagoda is illuminated at night. Yoshino Gawa (3404'N., 13438'E.), one of the four mouths of Yoshino Kawa, the largest river in Shikoku, enters the sea N of Tokushima Ko. The coast between Yoshina Gawa and Oiso Saki, about 7 miles NNE, is low, fringed by pine trees, and backed by the delta of Yoshina Kawa. Depths of less than 10.1m extend up to 1 mile off this coast.6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10

Naruto Kaikyo6.11 Naruto Kaikyo (3414'N., 13439'E.), connecting the NW part of Kii Suido to Harima Nada, is better avoided by large vessels and vessels without local knowledge. The strait is narrow, the tidal currents are very strong and their directions complicated, and there is heavy traffic. TidesCurrents.In Naruto Kaikyo, the N current flows from about 2.5 hours after LW (HW) until about 2.5 hours after HW (LW) at Fukura. The strongest currents appear in areas N of a line joining Tobi Shima and To Saki during a N current. During a S current, rates tend to increase after passing a line joining Mago Zaki and To Saki. Aspect.The narrowest part of the strait is about 0.8 mile wide between Mago Zaki, the NE extremity of Oge Shima, and Kado Saki (To Saki), the SW extremity of Awaji Shima. Naka Se, E of the center of this part of the strait, divides it into O Naruto, the W channel, and Ko Naruto, the E channel. O Naruto is about 0.3 mile wide, but due to the whirlpools and tide rips on either side, its navigable width is only about 0.1 mile. Ko Naruto is only navigable by small craft. Caution.A dangerous wreck lies approximately 0.4 mile WNW of Kado Saki Light. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 40m, spans the strait.6.11 6.11 6.11 6.11

Tokushima Ko6.10 Tokushima Ko (3403'N., 13437'E.) lies just N of Komatsushima Ko, and is located at the mouth of the Shinmachi Kawa. The river provides access to the town of Tokushima. Tsuda Outer Breakwater extends from the N side of the river entrance, which is also sheltered by a detached breakwater. A light is shown on each end of Tsuda Outer Breakwater and on the head of the N breakwater. Another light is shown from the wharf, 150m SW of the N breakwater head. Entry is prohibited into an area extending 1 mile N and NE of the N breakwater, where a large area of reclamation is taking

6.12 Oiso Saki (3411'N., 13439'E.), on the W side of the S entrance to Naruto Kaikyo, is marked by a light at the E point of a line of hills extending about 1 mile W. Bora Yama, 59m high and conical, lies close SW of the light structure. Thick pine trees extend about 1 mile W from Bora Yama. Okame Iso, a detached shoal, with rocks awash, lies about 0.4 mile E of Oiso Saki, and is marked by a beacon; an auxiliary light at Oiso Saki shows over Okame Iso. Caution.An obstruction, marked by a lighted buoy and a fish haven, lie 0.4 mile NNW and 0.5 mile N, respectively, of Oiso Saki. Muyano Seto, entered N of Oiso Saki, separates Oge Shima from Shikoku. Due to shoals in both entrances, and tidal currents which attain velocities up to 5 knots, passage can only be6.12 6.12

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Naka Se, about 0.2 mile WSW of Kado Saki, consists of rocks up to 1.8m high, and extends about 0.2 mile in a NNESSW direction; Hitotsu Bae, a rock awash, lies close S of Naka Se, with a 4.6m depth about 90m farther SW. Yoroi Zaki, a cliffy point, lies about 1.8 miles N of Kado Saki. Directions.All vessels, other than small craft, should use O Naruto. Vessels should proceed in mid-channel on a course of 352 and 172, after ascertaining from a distance of at least 1 mile where the main current is, and whether there are vessels bound in the opposite direction. Naka Se should first be recognized, and then navigation should not be difficult as the route is straight, and there is little danger of submerged rocks provided the tidal current is not strong and traffic is not heavy. When a vessel is proceeding against the current and another vessel is approaching from the opposite direction, the vessel proceeding against the current should wait until the other vessel is clear of the strait. Caution is also necessary due to excursion boats and ferries crossing the channel. According to experience gained during a 15 day period in winter by a vessel with a speed of 8 to 8.5 knots, passage could be made at any time with a following current. With an opposing tidal current, passage is possible at any time for 3 days at neaps, for 1 hour on either side of the turn of the tide for a 3day period at springs, and on other days for 1 to 3 hours after the time of the strongest tidal current. When a 2,700 grt vessel proceeded from N to S, 20 minutes before the turn of the tide at the end of the N current, the vessel reported that response to the helm decreased somewhat in the middle of the strait and the vessel was set a little towards Hadake Shima. When this vessel proceeded from S to N, about 10 minutes before the turn of the tide at the end of the S current, there were no whirlpools, or tide rips, and the water was calm, but being the time of the turn of the tide, there were many small vessels making passage and fishing vessels had gathered in the vicinity of Naka Se. Caution.The passage should be avoided by large vessels, vessels without local knowledge, and in the following circumstances: 1. Around the time of strongest tidal current. 2. At night or in poor visibility. 3. In bad weather. 4. When the tidal current is opposed to a strong wind from the opposite direction, especially when there is a strong S wind in summer. In such circumstances, Naka Se may be obscured and the channel difficult to distinguish. The S coast of Awaji Shima, from Shio Saki (3411'N., 13444'E.) to Oishi Saki, about 12 miles ENE, is bordered by flat-topped hills, 500 to 600m high; from a distance, this coast appears as a high level ridge. Yuzuruha Yama attains an elevation of 609m, about 5 miles NE of Shio Saki and 1 mile inland. Kashiwara Yama attains an elevation of 570m about 3 miles WNW of Oishi Saki. This coast is steep-to, with depths of less than 10.1m, less than 0.5 mile offshore. Nu Shima, 118m high and thickly wooded, lies about 1.5 miles offshore, about 4.5 miles ESE of Shio Saki; there are no dangers more than 0.25 mile offshore. A light is shown from the E side of the island. A harbor, protected by two breakwaters, lies on the NW coast of Nu Shima. A light is6.14 6.14 6.14 6.14 6.14 6.14

made by small vessels with local knowledge. Oge Shima, on the W side of Naruto Kaikyo, is mostly wooded; its E coast consists of a succession of sandy beaches broken by black, rocky headlands. The coast is protected by a line of detached breakwaters lying close to and parallel to the shoreline. Tomi Yama, 80m high, conical, with trees on its summit, lies at the S end of Oge Shima, about 1 mile WNW of Oiso Saki. Nodamaru, 203m high, about 1 mile NNW of Tomi Yama, and Shishimaino Take, 163m high, about 1 mile farther N, are conspicuous. Mago Zaki, thickly wooded and marked by a light, is the N extremity of Oge Shima. Hadaka Shima, a rocky, wooded islet, 23m high, lies about 0.2 mile SE of Mago Zaki, to which it is joined by a reef. A shoal, with a depth of 2.7m, lies about 160m E of Hadaka Shima. Tobi Shima, a rocky wooded islet, 36m high, lies about 0.5 mile SE of Mago Zaki; it is bordered by rocks and shoals extending about 140m offshore. Nakano Se, a detached rock, with a depth of 6.8m, lies about 0.7 mile SSW of Tobi Shima. Omoi Zaki, about 1.7 miles WNW of Mago Zaki, lies on the W side of the N approach to Naruto Kaikyo. Kanekakematsuno Mori, 168m high, with a wooded summit, is conspicuous about 0.4 mile SW of Omoi Zaki.6.12 6.12 6.12 6.12 6.12

6.13 Shio Saki (3411'N., 13444'E.), the SW extremity of Awaji Shima, is a grassy conical point with a range of hills extending E; it lies on the E side of the S approach to Naruto Kaikyo. Depths of less than 10.1m extend about 0.2 mile S and 0.4 mile W of the point. A light is shown from a white tower, 0.7 mile E of Shio Saki. Taka Zone and Chika Zone, with depths of 11.8m and 10.9m, respectively, lie nearly 0.7 mile WSW of Shio Saki; there is a heavy sea over them in bad weather. Akaiwa Hae, a rock, with a depth of 4.9m, lies about 1 mile NW of Shio Saki. Kourano Hana lies about 2.3 miles NW of Shio Saki; Mizutani Yama, with twin peaks, 142m and 123m high, lies close N of Kourano Hana. A light is shown from a pier head, 0.7 mile N of Kourano Hana. Tsurushima Hana (3414'N., 13442'E.), the N entrance point of Fukura Ura, lies about 1.5 miles N of Kourano Hana. Gyoja Yama, 97m high, lies close NE of the point, and drying rocks extend about 0.1 mile SW of the point. Anchorage.Fukura Ura provides good anchorage for large vessels, in about 12.8m, mud and sand, about 0.4 mile S of Kemuri Shima, which lies about 0.5 mile NE of Tsurushima Hana. The anchorage is exposed to W winds, but heavy seas are seldom experienced. Okikarimo Shima, about 0.5 mile W of Tsurushima Hana, is 38m high, with drying rocks extending about 0.1 mile SSE of it. Fish havens are situated 0.4 mile W and 183m SW of the N extremity of Okikarimo Shima.6.13 6.13 6.13 6.13 6.13

6.14 Kado Saki (To Saki) (3414'N., 13440'E.) is the extremity of a high, narrow, cliffy projection extending about 0.8 mile SW from the coast of Awaji Shima. A light is shown from a summit near the SW end of the headland, and close NE of the light structure is a red and white tower about 120m high. A pointed rock, 7m high, lies on a rocky bank extending about 135m WSW of the point. Pub. 159

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Oishi Saki Light lies at the E end of Okino Shima, to which it is connected by a causeway. Nakano Seto, between Tora Shima and Jino Shima, close E, is very narrow and obstructed by reefs. Jino Shima, 94m high and densely wooded, is marked at its E end by a light. Kadano Seto, between Jino Shima and the coast N of Takura Saki, has a navigable width of about 500m, in depths of over 20m. A fish haven lies near the midpoint of the narrowest part of the channel; several more lie in the SW approach. Pilotage.Pilotage in the voluntary traffic separation scheme is recommended. Pilots should board about 6.5 miles S of the W end of Okino Shima. It was reported that the pilot station has been moved to a position 2 miles due S of Oishino Hana, on which there is a light. The following information should be transmitted 24 hours in advance to Tomogashima Channel Pilot Service: 1. Northbound vessels.Vessels name, grt, deepest draft, ETA at Tomogashima Pilot Station, last port of call, destination, and vessels agent. Amendments to the ETA should be passed to Bay Pilot Kobe and a listening watch set on Kobe Port Radio VHF when within range. 2. Southbound vessels.Vessels name, grt, deepest draft, name of berth from which vessel will sail and estimated time of departure or ETA at Wada Misaki, and destination. Regulations.Vessels navigating Yura Seto should keep to the starboard side of the channel and not less than 145m distant from the meridian of 13459'E when between the parallels of 3415.7'N and 3417.7'N. This is part of a voluntary traffic separation scheme Northbound vessels transiting through Osaka Wan and vessels approaching Yura Seto from N should leave Sumoto-Oki Lighted Buoy (3421.1'N., 13500.7'E.) to port.6.15 6.15 6.15 6.15 6.15 6.15 6.15

Nu Shima Light shown on the head of each breakwater.

Tomogashima Suido6.15 Tomogashima Suido, the S entrance to Osaka Wan, lies between the SE extremity of Awaji Shima and the coast N of Takura Saki. It is divided into three channels, Yura Seto, Nakano Seto, and Kadano Seto by Okino Shima and Jino Shima. Tomoga Shima is the collective name for Okino Shima and Jino Shima. Yura Seto is the W and main channel. Aspect.Oishi Saki (3416'N., 13457'E.), the SE end of Awaji Shima, is a well-wooded, cliffy headland. A light is shown from its summit; the light structure and white building are conspicuous. The headland slopes gradually N to low land planted with rows of pine trees. Naruyama Shima, forming the W side of Yura Seto, lies close N of Oishi Saki, from which it is separated by the S entrance to Yura Ko. The island is long and narrow, and except for its N end, is a low sand and gravel spit with scattered trees. A light is shown from its S end, and there is a hotel on a small hill at its N end. Shoal water extends about 0.5 mile E of Naruyama Shima; a light is shown on this shoal area about 0.4 mile E of Naruyama Shima. Yuro Seto has a navigable width of about 1.5 miles, with depths of greater than 20m. Okino Shima, on the E side of Yuro Seto, is densely wooded and rises to an elevation of 119m near its W end; a light is shown from the W end of Okino Shima. Tora Shima, an islet,6.15 6.15 6.15

Osaka Wan6.16 Osaka Wan (3430'N., 13510'E.), at the E end of the Pub. 159

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Sector 6. Kii Suido and Osaka Wan

tions to the Kobe Port Captain as soon as possible, using the section numbers on the chartlet titled Mesh Chart of Osaka BayOsaka Wan for details. A continuous radio watch should be kept for information concerning the typhoon, and schedule and procedure for port re-entry. Since the Port Captain will not direct the sequence of vessels having taken refuge from designated anchorages, vessels should return to the same anchorages after the port re-entry vessels have returned to port. Regulations.Vessels should maintain continuous communication on VHF channels 13 and 16 with the Osaka Wan Vessel Traffic Service Center, when navigating the approaches to the traffic routes, adjacent sea areas, and the traffic scheme. More information, as provided by Osaka MARTIS, may be found at the following web site. Osaka MARTIS Home Page http://www6.kaiho.mlit.jp/osakawan6.16

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Oishino Hana Light Naikai, is free from off-lying dangers, but there are many sunken wrecks. Kansai International Airport (3426'N., 13514'E.), oriented NE-SW, is centered 3 miles off the SE shore of the bay; it is surrounded by a prohibited entry area about 0.3 mile wide. Low-flying aircraft approach sectors extend 1.5 miles NE and SW from the extremities of the airport. An approach tower stands 0.25 mile offshore at each end of the runway; a light is shown from each tower. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 25m, connects the E corner of the airport island to the mainland SE. Vessels transiting the area are advised to give the airport a wide berth. Awaji Shima, forming the W side of the bay, is mountainous with hills extending to the coast, which is steep-to and provides few anchorages. The E shore of the bay opens out to a plain with hills in the distance; the N half is an industrial zone, and the S half consists of sandy beaches backed by pine woods. Open anchorage can be taken in all parts of the E side of the bay. The inner end of the bay is an industrial area, and in addition to the important harbors of Osaka and Kobe, there is an almost continuous line of harbors; there is extremely heavy traffic of all types of vessels, large and small, foreign and domestic. In general, during typhoons, it is safer for large vessels to seek shelter outside the harbors to avoid being driven ashore, or danger of collision and grounding due to exceptional tides. Recommendations for taking refuge will be transmitted. Vessels taking refuge are requested to report their anchoring posi6.16 6.16 6.16 6.16

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The following ports lie within the Osaka Wan Traffic Advisory Service area: 1. Kakogawa 2. Kobe 3. Osaka 4. Sakai-Senboku Pre-Entry Reports.The following vessels intending to navigate Akashi Kaikyo must report to Osaka MARTIS by noon LT of the day before the date of entry into the traffic route: 1. Huge vesselsvessels of 200m length and more. 2. Vessels of 160m length and over, but less than 200m. 3. Vessels of 25,000 gross tons or more carrying liquified gas. 4. Vessels engaged in towing or pushing with a surface length of 160m or more. Pre-Entry Reports can be submitted by VHF, MF, telephone, or facsimile and should include the following information: 1. Vessel name, call sign, gross tons and loa. 2. Section of the traffic route vessel intends to navigate. a. ETA at the entrance of the traffic route. b. ETD from the traffic route. 3. Vessel contact information. 4. Port of destination. 5. Draft. 6. Dangerous goods on board. 7. Surface length of towing or pushing array. Vessels must forward any changes to the reported information at least 3 hours prior to entering the traffic route. Changes occurring within 3 hours of entry should be reported immediately. The following vessels, with the exception of those listed previously, intending to navigate Akashi Kaikyo are required to report to Osaka MARTIS 3 hours prior to entering the traffic route: 1. Vessels of 300 gross tons and over carrying quantities of powder as specified in the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Act on Maritime Traffic Safety. 2. Vessels of 1,000 gross tons and over carrying inflammable high pressure gas in bulk. 3. Vessels of 1,000 gross tons and over carrying inflammable liquid in bulk.

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4. Vessels of 300 gross tons and over carrying 200 tons or more of organic peroxide. Reports should include the following information: 1. Vessel name, call sign, grt, and loa. 2. Section of the traffic route the vessel intends to navigate. a. ETA at the entrance to the traffic scheme. b. ETD from the traffic scheme. 3. Vessels contact information. 4. Port of destination. 5. Type and quantity of dangerous goods if carried. Vessels of 50m and greater in length and vessels engaged in towing or pushing and having a surface length of 100m or more should report to Osaka MARTIS on VHF channel 16 or 13 when crossing any of the reporting lines listed in the table below. The report should include the following: 1. Vessel name and call sign. 2. Reporting line code and time of crossing, or 3. Vessel position. Vessels equipped with accurate AIS may omit sending position reports by VHF, however a continuous watch on VHF channels 13 and 16 is obligatory. Reporting Code AH Description A line joining Eigashima Ko West Breakwater Light to Harima Kita No. 10 Lighted Buoy. A line joining Harima Kita No. 10 Lighted Buoy to Murotsu Ko West Breakwater. A line bearing 090 for a distance of 9.3 km from Hira Iso Lighted Beacon to position 3437.3'N, 13510.1'E. A line bearing 180 for a distance of 20.9 km from Kobe Light. A line bearing 090 for a distance of 21 km from Sano Higashi Breakwater.

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side as far as possible without interfering with the safety of navigation. 6.17 Yura Ko (3417'N., 13457'E.), on the W side of Tomoga-shima Suido, is enclosed on its E side by Naruyama Shima, which was previously described in paragraph 6.15. It is a good anchorage for small vessels, and is calm except with strong N and SSE winds. There are N and S entrances to the harbor; the N entrance is about 90m wide, with depths of about 4m. There are depths of 6.4 to 9.2m in the main part of the harbor. Imakawa Kuchi, the S entrance to Yura Ko, lies close W of Taka Saki, which is the S extremity of Naruyama Shima; Taka Saki is marked by a light. It is only suitable for small craft. An overhead power cable, with a vertical clearance 14m, spans SW of Taka Saki. The E coast of Awaji Shima, from Yura Ko to U Zaki, about 17 miles NNE, has depths of over 20m from about 0.2 to 0.5 mile offshore. Sumoto Ko (3421'N., 13454'E.), about 3.5 miles NW of Yura Ko, consists of an outer harbor and an inner harbor, sheltered by breakwaters; it lies close SE of the mouth of Sumoto Kawa. The outer harbor has depths of less than 4.9m. The wharf in the NW part of the outer harbor has depths of 4 to 4.6m alongside. A detached breakwater, extending NW-SE, has been constructed close NE of the entrance to the outer harbor. Sen San, 448m high, is somewhat conspicuous about 3 miles WNW of Sumoto Ko. A chimney, 32m high, is conspicuous about 0.4 mile WSW of the outer harbor entrance. Tsuna Ko (3426'N., 13455'E.) consists of the area from Sioda, about 4 miles N of Sumoto Ko, to Sano, about 4 miles farther NE. It is reported that work is in progress to construct a large scale port in the area between Sioda and Sumoto Ko. Myoken Yama, 519m high, about 2 miles N of Sano, is somewhat conspicuous in the N part of Awaji Shima. U Zaki (3435'N., 13502'E.) has remarkable red cliffs in its vicinity, and is fronted by an area of reclaimed land.6.17 6.17 6.17 6.17 6.17 6.17 6.17

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Vessels carrying dangerous cargo as designated by the Maritime Traffic Safety Law shall, when navigating in Osaka Wan, provide a fire wire and auxiliary rope on the bow and stern which fulfill the following requirements: 1. The towing rope shall be a wire rope with an eye in the end, strong enough to tow the vessel concerned. A sufficient length of it to reach down to the water surface shall be coiled on the vessel. 2. The auxiliary rope shall be strong enough to lead out the above-mentioned wire rope to the water surface. It shall have an eye at the end, and it shall be lowered down over the

6.18 Fuke Ko (Huke Ko) (3419'N., 13508'E.) lies about 4 miles ENE of Kadano Seto, the E passage of Tomogashima Suido. The harbor consists of Tanagawa Hakuchi, consisting primarily of a reclaimed area, and Fuke Hakuchi, sheltered by breakwaters; a narrow man-made marina lies close W of Tanagawa Hakuchi. DepthsLimitations.A dolphin oil jetty, on the NE side of the reclaimed area, has depths of 8 to 8.5m alongside. An oil jetty, on the SE side of the reclaimed area, has depths of 8m alongside. A wharf, about 198m long, with depths of 7m alongside, lies close SE of the reclaimed area. Close E of the wharf, a spit, with depths of 1.2 to 4.3m, extends about 0.4 mile NNE from the shore, and is marked by a lighted buoy near its outer end. Fuke Hakuchi has general depths of about 4m. A rocky shoal, with a depth of 2.7m, lies nearly 0.5 mile N of the entrance to Fuke Hakuchi, and is marked W by a lighted buoy. Aspect.The chimney, 202m high and painted in red and white bands, of an electric power station, and tanks in the vi6.18 6.18 6.18 6.18 6.18 6.18

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Taka Saki Light

cinity, are conspicuous on the reclaimed land. The chimney, 152m high, and painted in red and white bands, of another electric power station, is conspicuous about 0.35 mile farther SSE. Naga Saki lies about 1 miles NE of Fuke Hakuchi; a white round tower lies about 0.4 mile E of the point. In strong winds caution is necessary, as there may be a large number of vessels seeking shelter in the waters NW of the harbor.6.18 6.18

Hannan Ko (3428'N., 13521'E.)

World Port Index No. 61935 6.19 Hannan Ko consists of the harbor areas fronting Izumi-Sano, Kaizuka, and Kishiwada (Kisiwada), and the Mokuzai lumber storage and timber ponds, respectively, from SW to NE. Industrial zones are being built in Kaizuka and Kishiwada, and construction of large wharves and breakwaters is underway off these cities. An area of prohibited entry, lighted around its perimeter by beacons, lies about 3 miles off Izumi-Sano. TidesCurrents.The tidal rise at Kishiwadi is 1.5m at springs, and 1.1m at neaps. DepthsLimitations.Izumi-Sano Fairway, entered about 1.5 miles N of the dredged harbor basin, leads to the basin at Izumi-Sano. It has depths of 11.6 to 13.4m, and is about 225m wide. A berth, on the NE side of the entrance to the basin, has a depth of 11.9m alongside, and can accommodate a vessel up to 170m in length. A dolphin jetty on the SW side of the entrance6.19 6.19 6.19

has a depth of 12.5m alongside. The dredged basin, off Tuda Kawa, has depths of 6.4m alongside the quay on its SW side. Kishiwada Fairway is entered about 1 mile N of the entrance to the anchorage area lying S of the timber pond; it is about 220m wide, with depths of 10.8 to 14m, and with depths of 10.1m in the approach. Mooring buoys in the anchorage area can accommodate vessels up to 20,000 dwt, in depths of 11 to 11.9m. A berth close SE of the timber storage area has depths of 10.1m alongside. Aspect.An observation tower stands about 4 miles W of the dredged basin at Izumi-Sano. The chimney of a refinery is conspicuous S of the above-mentioned basin. A radio tower, with an elevation of 86m, painted in red and white bands and marked by a red obstruction light, is conspicuous nearly 0.5 mile E of the mouth of Tuda Kawa; the tower of the Castle of Kishiwada, about 0.3 mile farther ENE, is also conspicuous. A group of silver-colored oil tanks is conspicuous on the N side of the mouth of Ota Kawa, near the N limit of the harbor. An incinerator chimney is conspicuous at the N end of the timber pond area. Farther S, the chimney, 42m high, close SE of the joint harbor office, on the N side of the mouth of Haruka Kawa, is also conspicuous. Lighted buoys mark the entrances to Izumi-Sano Fairway and Kishiwada Fairway. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory. Pilots, when requested from Kobe, will board in the vicinity of the quarantine anchorage (3428'N., 13520'E.). For further information, see paragraph 6.1 Pilots can be contacted on VHF channels 16 and 12. Caution.A wreck, with a depth of 14.7m, lies 1.25 miles W of the quarantine anchorage. A large detached area of reclaimed land is connected to the shore by two bridges on its SE side. A breakwater extends NW and N from the N point of this area. A light is shown at its head. Vessels should remain clear of the prohibited areas off Kaisuka and Kishiwada, where the off-lying detached breakwaters are under construction; the areas are marked by towers and lighted buoys, showing flashing orange lights. Care is necessary in entering the anchorage area at Kishiwada, as there is a tendency to set towards the reclaimed land on the E side during strong W winds.6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19 6.19

Sakai-Senboku Ku (3433'N., 13526'E.)

World Port Index No. 61547 6.20 Sakai-Senboku Ku is an important trading center, a cotton and wool center, and an industrial area for steel, oil, electricity, gas and petrochemical products. There is heavy traffic of large vessels. Sakai-Senboku Ku consists, from S to N, of Otsu Minami Hakuchi, Otsu Hakuchi, Hamadera Passage, Hamadera Hakuchi, Nishi Hakuchi, Minami Hakuchi, and Kita Hakuchi. Hamadera Passage, entered about 3.8 miles NW of the entrance to Otsu Kawa, leads to Hamadera Hakuchi, about 3.8 miles E.6.20

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Two conspicuous gas tanks, 108m high, stand close N of the NE corner of Kita Hakuti. Pilotage.Pilotage is compulsory for vessels over 10,000 grt and is available during daylight hours only. Pilots board, as follows: 1. Hamadera FairwayWithin a circle of radius 0.8 mile centered on a position 1 mile W of Hamadera Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 2. 2. Sakai South FairwayWithin a circle of radius 0.8 mile centered on a position 3.25 miles WSW of Osaka North Breakwater Light. 3. Kishiwada Fairway and Izumi-Sano FairwayOff the fairway. Regulations.Communications concerning harbor operations can be made by radio or radiotelephone with the harbormaster, situated at the S end of Minami Hakuchi. Signal stations for berthing and navigational information are situated on the N side of the inner end of Hamadera Passage, and near the inner end of Sakai South Passage. Vessels should retain onboard the most recent edition of Japan Maritime Safety Laws and Regulations, obtainable through the Japanese Coast Guard. This publication should be kept as a reference for signal station communications and their meanings, appropriate answering signals, and other local or specific regulations.6.20 6.20 6.20 6.20

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Sakai South Passage, entered about 4 miles WNW of the entrance to Yamato Kawa, leads ESE to Nishi Hakuchi and Minami Hakuchi. Sakai North Passage extends midway along Sakai South Passage and leads to Kita Hakuchi, about 2 miles E. DepthsLimitations.Hamadera Passage is about 300m wide, with a dredged depth of 15.8m; lesser depths than charted have been reported. Sakai South Passage is about 0.2 mile wide, with dredged depths of 14m to its intersection with Sakai North Passage, then has depths of 9.2 to 10.4m farther ESE. Sakai North Passage has depths of 12.6 to 14.6m. The passage has a dredged depth of 14m as far as Lighted Buoy No. 5 and Lighted Buoy No. 6; lesser depths than charted have been reported E of these lighted buoys. Quay No. 3 in Otsu Minami Hakuchi can accommodate 18,000 dwt vessels in a depth of 10.1m. Otsu Hakuchi has jetties with depths of 5 to 15.7m alongside. The Cosmo crude oil dolphin jetties, N of the inner end of Hamadera Passage, have depths of 20m alongside and can accommodate vessels of up to 260,000 dwt with a maximum draft of 14m. Hamadera Hakuchi comprises Area No. 4, the central part of Sakai-Senboku Ku, and is entered between short breakwaters. A light is shown on the head of each breakwater. The LNG Jetty, close SE of the inner end of Hamadera Passage, can accommodate vessels up to 64,600 dwt in depths of 14.9m. Farther S, a Crude Oil Jetty can accommodate vessels of 150,000 dwt in depths of 15.8 to 17.1m. Farther E, a fertilizer pier can accommodate vessels up to 66,000 dwt in depths of 14 to 18m. Nishi Hakuchi has an oil jetty, on its W side, which can accommodate 20,000 dwt vessels, in depths of 11 to 11.5m. Dangerous cargo jetties, with depths of 7 to 8m alongside, lie in the SE part of Nishi Hakuchi. A jetty on the W side of the entrance to Minami Hakuchi has depths of 10.6 to 11.2m alongside and can accommodate 20,000 dwt vessels. Ohama Quay, on the NE side of Minami Hakuchi, has depths of 10.1 to 10.5m alongside. The S side of Kita Hakuchi can accommodate 80,000 dwt vessels in a depth of 14m. Drydock No. 2, on the W side of Minami Hakuchi, is 380m long, 63m wide, with a depth of 12.5m, and can accommodate vessels up to 400,000 dwt. Aspect.Lighted buoys mark both sides of Hamadera Passage and Sakai South Passage. The Itsumi-Otsu Oshashi Bridge (3431'N., 13524'E.), in the S part of the harbor, is a yellow single arch bridge, 14.9m high, marked by green lights at its center and red lights on either side. Six black gas tanks, 47m high, are conspicuous on the S side of the inner end of Hamadera Passage. A chimney, 163m high, painted red and white, is conspicuous about 1 mile farther S; oil tanks, painted white, are conspicuous close SW. Three gas tanks, painted white, are conspicuous about 0.3 mile N of the inner end of Hamadera Passage. Six chimneys (3434'N., 13527'E.) of an electric generating station are conspicuous close W of the S end of Minami Hakuchi. The chimneys are in line E-W; the two W chimneys are 185m high and painted red and white.

Vessels over 10,000 grt using Hamadera Passage should report in advance to the harbormaster their ETA at a position 1.5 miles W of the signal station. Vessels over 3,000 grt using Sakai South Fairway should report in advance to the harbormaster their ETA at the entrance to that fairway. Anchorage.The quarantine anchorage (3437'N., 13523'E.) lies SW of the entrance to Sakai South Passage in a depth of 10.8m. Caution.A prohibited area exists SW of Senboku Otsu South Breakwater.6.20 6.20 6.20 6.20

Osaka Ko (3439'N., 13526'E.)

World Port Index No. 61550 6.21 Osaka Ko, one of the great harbors of Japan, lies in the NE part of Osaka Wan. The harbor extends N from the mouth of Otsu Kawa (Otu Kawa) (3430'N., 13523'E.), at the N harbor limit of Hannan Ko, to N of the mouth of Shin-Yodo Kawa (Sin-Yodo Kawa) (3441'N., 13524'E.), one of the lower reaches of Yodo Kawa. The harbor, from S to N, fronts the cities of Izumi-Otsu (Izumi-Otu), Takaishi (Takaisi), Sakai, and Osaka. The harbor is divided into Sakai-Senboku Ku and Osaka-Ku, from S to N, and will be described in that order. Osaka Ku is the N harbor area of Osaka Ko. Naiko (Inner Harbor), consisting of Section I to Section IV, is enclosed by the entrance to North Breakwater and South Breakwater (3438'N., 13524'E.). South Harbor (Section V) is the area S of South Breakwater. North Harbor (Section VI) is the area on the N side of the E part of North Breakwater. Gaiko (Outer Harbor) is Section VII. A coastal industrial zone, with wharves for local and industrial traffic, is under construction in North Harbor and South Harbor. Gas, chemical, mineral, and steel factories, the foundation of Osakas industry and economy,

Sector 6. Kii Suido and Osaka Wan

There are two container quays in Section I, each 350m long, with alongside depths of 15m; vessels of up to 60,000 dwt can be accommodated.

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WindsWeather.The wind is mostly W in the winter, and W and NE in summer. Throughout the year the most common wind is NE. In regard to wind velocity, the W winds are generally strong, and when there are sustained strong W winds in winter, these become large and make harbor operations difficult. Fog is generated, on rare occasions in winter, from about sunrise to about 0900, but as it disperses in 2 or 3 hours, it presents no particular obstacle to navigation. It disperses with winds of over 8 knots. TidesCurrents.The mean tidal rise at Osaka is 1.4m at springs, and 1.1m at neaps. In the NE part of Osaka Wan the current usually sets S and the ebb current becomes particularly strong, and caution is necessary when entering or leaving the harbor. The tidal currents inside the breakwaters are generally weak, but at springs and after heavy rains the ebb current from the rivers can be fairly strong and there may be difficulty in securing to or departing from the berths and mooring buoys in the lower reaches of Aji Kawa and Shirinashi Kawa. DepthsLimitations.Inner Harbor Passage, entered about 0.7 mile WSW of the N and S breakwater heads, is dredged to a depth of 14.3m. Aji Kawa Passage (Azikawa Passage), continuing from ENE to NW of the outer end of Center Wharf, has depths of 12 to 14m. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 45m, crosses Aji Kawa 0.7 mile from the river mouth.

Osaka KoNorth WharfQuay R

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Dolphin berths, close within the entrance to Inner Harbor, have depths of 10.1 to 11.9m. Center Wharf has depths of 11m and 10.1m alongside its N and S sides, respectively. Oil berths, about 0.5 mile W of Center Wharf, can accommodate vessels up to 30,000 dwt in depths of 11.9m. Lumber piers, about 0.4 mile S of Center Wharf, can accomPub. 159

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Osaka KoNorth Container Terminal Osaka KoCentral Container Terminal

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Osaka KoEast Container Terminal modate vessels up to 20,000 dwt in depths of 11.5 to 13m.

Container piers, farther SE in Section IV, have a depth of 11.9m alongside and can accommodate vessels up to 35,000 dwt. Tenpozan Quay, NNW of the maritime office, is dredged to a depth of 11m. There are numerous mooring buoys and dolphin berths in the harbor, with depths of 7.5 to 10.1m, that can accommodate vessels up to 10,000 grt. South Harbor Fairway, dredged to 11.9m, is entered about 0.8 mile WNW of the head of South Breakwater. Lighted buoys mark the S side of the channel. Quay L and Quay R, close within South Harbor, have depths alongside of 10 to 12m, respectively. Quay J, farther S, on the N side of Sakai North Passage, can accommodate vessels up to 30,000 dwt in depths of 11.9m. North Harbor can accommodate vessels up to 10,000 dwt, with a maximum length of 250m and a maximum draft of 11.6m. The largest drydock is 193m long, 25m wide, with a depth of 8.1m; it can accommodate vessels up to 24,000 dwt. A bridge, about 0.7 mile ENE of Center Wharf, has a vertical clearance of about 49m over a distance of 208m. The Osaka World Trade Center building, 260m high, situated on Center Wharf, is conspicuous. Aspect.Lighted buoys, moored about 0.7 mile WSW of the entrance to Inner Harbor, mark the entrance to Inner Harbor Passage. Osaka Ko Radar Station, 51m high and painted red and white, is conspicuous at the W end of Center Wharf. Gas tanks, painted white, with a chimney, 82m high, close NW, lie about 1 mile N of Center Wharf. A ferris wheel, 116m high, stands close E of Tenpozan Quay. The bridge, about 0.7 mile ESE of Center Wharf, is marked by green lights at its center and red lights on each side. A bridge spans North Harbor between North Port, on the W side, and Hokko Wharf, on the E side. The navigable channel is under the E part of the bridge and is indicated by bridge lights. There is a vertical clearance of 31m in the channel. A second

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bridge crosses the mouth of Shorenji Kawa. There is a vertical clearance of 28m under the N span and 31m under the S span. The Ferry Wharf, at the inner end of South Harbor, is lighted by floodlights. Pilotage.Pilotage is compulsory for vessels of 10,000 grt or more and is available until 2000. Pilots can be obtained from Hanshin Pilots in Osaka and Kobe. Requests for pilots should be made between 0900 and 1700 the day before arrival. Pilots board vessels within a circle with a radius of 0.5 mile centered on a position 1.75 miles WSW of Osaka North Breakwater Light. Osaka Ko Radar Station, at the W end of Center Wharf, broadcasts weather and maritime traffic bulletins at regular intervals. Upon request, a vessels position, movements of other vessels, and conditions inside the harbor, will be broadcast for vessels up to 1,000 grt within about 4 miles, and for vessels over 1,000 grt within about 8 miles. Regulations.The harbormaster may be contacted by radio and radiotelephone regarding harbor operations. The harbor office can be contacted 24 hours by radiotelephone on VHF channels 12, 16, 19, and 20 for tugs, water, line handling, pilotage, and quarantine assistance. Vessels over 500 grt, intending to enter or leave the harbor, should notify the harbormaster of the ETA at the W end of the fairway, or the time of departure by 1200 of the day preceding the arrival or departure. Any change in ETA should be reported to the harbormaster. Signal stations which display anchorage and berthing signals are situated as follows: 1. At the head of N breakwater. 2. At Aji Kawa, about 0.5 mile NE of Center Wharf. 3. At Kizu Kawa, about 1.8 miles SE of Center Wharf. 4. In South Harbor (3437.1'N., 13525.5'E.). 5. Osaka Nanko signal station stands at the NW point of South Wharf (3437.1'N., 13524.0'E.); Nanko No. 2 signal station stands 0.14 mile E of Osaka Nanko signal station. Vessels should retain onboard the most recent edition of Ja6.21 6.21 6.21 6.21 6.21 6.21 6.21

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pan Maritime Safety Laws and Regulations, obtainable through the Japanese Coast Guard. This publication should be kept as a reference for signal station communiques and their meanings, appropriate answering signals, and other local or specific regulations. The Port of Osaka Entrance and Departure Manual should also be retained; the most recent edition of this manual may be found at http://osakaharbor-info.com. Signals.Traffic through Naiko and Aji Kawa Fairways is controlled by the signal flashing letter C, indicating that large vessels are docking or leaving Tempozan Wharf, Ajikawaguchi Wharf, Sakurajima Wharf, or Umemachi Wharf, and all other vessels must clear the fairways. The following regulations are in effect in the entrance fairway to South Harbor: 1. Vessels must navigate in accordance with the signals shown from South Harbor Signal Station. (See accompanying table below.) 2. Vessels entering or leaving the fairway must remain clear of vessels in the fairway. 3. Vessels must not navigate abreast each other in the fairway. 4. Vessels meeting other vessels in the fairway must navigate on the right side of the fairway. 5. Vessels may not overtake other vessels in the fairway.6.21 6.21

6.22 On the N side of Osaka Wan are the important harbors of Kobe and Amagasaki. The coast E of Hachibuse Yama (Hatibuse Yama) (3438'N., 13506'E.) is backed by a range of mountains extending NE. Rokko San (3446'N., 13516'E.), about 12 miles NE of Hachibuse Yama, is the highest peak in this range, and attains an elevation of 932m, with a hotel and other buildings on its summit. Kabuto Yama, 309m high, is conspicuous about 3.25 miles E of Rokko San; it is isolated, thickly covered with pine trees, very dark in appearance, and shaped like a Japanese helmet. East and SE of Kabuto Yama, there is an extensive plain.

Osaka KoSouth Harbor Signal StationTraffic Signals Day A flashing white light every 2 seconds, or a black cone, point up. A flashing red light every 2 seconds, or a black square. Night A flashing white light every 2 seconds. Meaning Vessels may enter harbor. Vessels under 500 grt may leave harbor, but vessels over 500 grt must stop and wait. Vessels may leave harbor. Vessels under 500 grt may enter harbor, but vessels over 500 grt must stop and wait. Vessels over 5,000 grt entering the harbor must keep out of the path of vessels leaving the harbor and wait outside of the fairway. Vessels over 5,000 grt leaving the harbor must stop and wait. Vessels of less than 5,000 grt may enter and leave the harbor. Vessels other than those specified by the harbormaster may neither enter or leave the harbor.

A flashing red light every 2 seconds.

A flashing red light and a flashing white every 3 seconds, or two black cones, points together.

A flashing red light and a flashing white light every 3 seconds.

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Three flashing red lights and three flashing white lights every 6 seconds.

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conspicuous about 3 miles N of Nishinomiya Ko. Four spherical gas tanks are conspicuous about 0.3 mile NE of the mouth of Higashi Kawa, at Nishinomiya. Pilotage.Pilotage in Amagasaki Ko is compulsory for vessels over 10,000 grt. Pilots board within a circle of radius 0.3 mile centered on a position 0.5 mile SW of Amagasaki Lighted Buoy No. 2. For further information, see paragraph 6.1 Caution.When vessels over 5,000 grt enter Amagasaki Ko and berth alongside they normally request two or more tugs from Osaka or Kobe.6.23 6.23 6.23

Amagasaki Ko (3441'N., 13523'E.)

World Port Index No. 61555 6.23 Amagasaki Ko (Amagasaki Nishinomiya) (Ashiya Ko) lies in the NE part of Osaka Wan, between Osaka Ko and Kobe Ko. Amagasaki Ko, which includes Nishinomiya Ko and Ashiya Ko, is divided into three districts. Section No. 1 is an industrial harbor servicing the Hanshin belt of heavy industry. Section No. 2 lies on the W side of the harbor, adjacent to the E part of Kobe Ko, and is primarily a yacht harbor. Section No. 3 describes the area S of Nishinomaya Breakwater, although there are no harbor facilities. Amagasaki City is an industrial city which has developed in the deltas of Muko Kawa and Kanzaki Kawa, and on the reclaimed land along their frontage. The ground here is low and marshy and as a result, bottom cave-ins or sinkholes are not unusual. South Breakwater, which is detached, lies across the entrance to the harbor. The area extending 0.3 mile S from the breakwater has been reclaimed and works are in progress. Entry is prohibited extending NE of South Breakwater to the SW tip of Higashi Kaigan. The area is marked by lighted beacons. The harbor is entered between the W end of South Breakwater and the promontory of reclaimed land lying SW of West Breakwater. A light is shown on the head of West Breakwater. The two fairways which branch off from this area have general depths of 10m, but caution is necessary as the passages become narrow and the water is shallow on either side. WindsWeather.At Amagasaki, the most frequent winds are from the NNE, NE, and W, respectively. Winds are from the NW to NE more than 50 per cent of the time. Seasonally, W to NE winds are frequent in winter, N to NE winds in spring and autumn, and SW to W winds in summer. DepthsLimitations.Ohgimachi Pier (Kobe Steel), about 0.3 mile WSW of No. 3 Power Plant, has depths of 12m alongside, and can accommodate vessels up to 35,000 dwt, with a maximum length of 220m. Berth 1, Berth 2, and Berth 3, on the left bank of the mouth of Syoge Kawa, can accommodate vessels of 10,000 dwt, in a depth of 10.1m. The oil berth at the mouth of Nakasima Kawa, on the right bank, has depths of 10.5 to 11m alongside. The dolphin berth, close NW, has depths of 11.5 to 11.9m alongside. No. 1 Lock, leading to the inner part of the dikes, is 80m long and 12.5m wide, and has a depth of about 4.5m. No. 2 Lock, 62m long and 11.9m wide, has a depth of 4m. Section No. 2, which fronts the city of Nishinomaya, has general depths of 4 to 7.3m. Aspect.The chimney of No. 3 Power Plant (3441'N., 13523'E.) at Amagasaki is conspicuous; it is 152m high, of composite shape, and painted red and white. Six chimneys, each 66m high, are situated about 0.2 mile farther NNE. A gas tank, 97m high and painted black, and a chimney, 94m high, painted red and white, and with a mobile crane in the vicinity, are conspicuous about 1 mile N and 0.3 mile WNW, respectively, of No. 3 Power Plant Chimney. Lighted buoys mark the entrance channel to Amagasaki Ko; the channel is approximately 200m wide and is entered about 2 miles SW of South Breakwater. Kabuto Yama, previously described in paragraph 6.22, is6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23 6.23

Kobe Ko (3440'N., 13513'E.)

World Port Index No. 61560 6.24 Kobe Ko occupies the N part of Osaka Wan. The harbor is divided into Sections I to Section VI; further, there are Fairway I to Fairway III, and the Higashi-Kobe Fairway. Kobe Ko is a domestic and international trade center, and being enclosed N by mountains, is protected from the winter Northwest Monsoons. The harbor is well-protected and has numerous berthing facilities. There is sufficient depth in the anchorage, where the bottom is sand, mixed with clay, good holding ground. Port Island, in the central part of the harbor, has piers for the exclusive use of container vessels, and for use by scheduled shipping services. A restricted area has been established off the south central portion of Port Island; entry is prohibited. Kobe Airport is situated on Rokko Island S of Port Island.6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24

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length of 250m and a maximum draft of 12.7m, can be accommodated at the W berth. Vessels with a maximum length of 236m and a maximum draft of 10.7m can be accommodated at the E berth. Rokko Island, an artificial rectangular-shaped island, extends 2 miles E of Nadahama Channel into Section VI; numerous berths are situated on each side of the island. Two bridges span6.24

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ShinkoPier 2 Ferry ShinkoPier 3

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Fairway I runs from between Wada Breakwater and No. 1 Breakwater to the vicinity of Central Wharf. Fairway II runs between Breakwater No. 1 and Breakwater No. 2, then W of Port Island to Shinko Pier 2 and Shinko Pier 3. Fairway III runs along the NE side of Port Island. Higashi-Kobe Fairway runs between Industrial Area No. 3 and Industrial Area No. 4 Industrial; Higashi Fairway joins this passage to Ferry Wharf, farther N. Fairway III runs SE from Breakwater No. 6 and Breakwater No. 7. The channel, extending from the N entrance of Fairway III to the berths at Kobe Steelworks, is commonly called Nadahama Channel. Kobe Ko Light (3439'N., 13510'E.), about 1 mile W of Wada Misaki, and close E of Karuma Shima, is shown from a white cylindrical concrete tower, 29m high, and serves as a good head mark when approaching Kobe Ko from the S. Wada Misaki Signal Station, about 0.3 mile E of Kobe Ko Light, is 36m high, with a white building. Kobe Ko Range Lights are shown from white beacons near the SW side of Port Island. When in line they bear 095.5 and lead toward the SE entrance of Fairway II.6.24 6.24 6.24

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Kobe Ko Light Kobe Tower Eight cranes, each painted red, are conspicuous on the W side of Port Island. Port Tower, on Central Wharf, about 1 mile NW of Port Island, is a red drum-shaped structure, 103m high, and floodlit. The Portopia Hotel (3439.7'N., 13513.0'E.) is a prominent white building, 122m high, having the elliptical shape of a vessels funnel. A Ferris wheel, reported to be fully illuminated and conspicuous, is easily identified standing 0.3 mile SE of the hotel. A white chimney, 100m high, is prominent on the S side of Port Island; a short distance W are three large and two small oil tanks painted white. A light is shown at an elevation of 57m from a black tower on the Oriental Hotel, nearly 0.5 mile NE of the Port Tower. A telegraphic office radio tower, 96m high, painted red and white, is in the vicinity. The Trade Center Building, 118m high and marked by a red6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24

obstruction light, is conspicuous about 0.4 mile further E. Three chimneys, 120, 100, and 63m high and painted red and white, are conspicuous in Industrial District II. A chimney, 63m high, is conspicuous in the SW part of Industrial District III.6.24 6.24

Pilotage6.24

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Pilotage is compulsory in Section I, Section II, Section V, and Section VI in the areas enclosed by breakwaters and for vessels over 300 grt. Pilots are available normally only during daylight. For night entry, the pilot should be embarked before 2000 and have passed the breakwater by 2100. Container and ro-ro vessels for immediate loading may berth with special permission up to 2359. Pilotage is available 24 hours for vessels leaving the harbor. The vessels ETA and other information should be signaled 24 hours before arrival. Pilots board in the Quarantine Anchorage or its vicinity. Offices of the Hanshin Pilots and the Inland Sea Pilots are situated at Kobe. The harbormaster may be contacted by radio or radiotelePub. 159

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Sector 6. Kii Suido and Osaka Wan Regulations

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Tankers, when berthed in the harbor, must be given a berth of at least 30m to avoid accidents due to fire. Vessels of 15,000 grt or more and oil tankers of 1,000 grt or more wishing to transit Fairway No. III should notify the Port Captain of their ETA and anticipated ETD by 1200 the day before the passage through the fairway.

KobeNo. 7 Breakwater East Light KobePort Island

KobeRokko Island Ferry Terminal phone regarding harbor operations. Signals regarding berthing or anchoring are shown from the signal stations at Pier 5, Wadamisaki, Higashi-Kobe, and Kobe Signal Station. Vessels should retain onboard the most recent edition of Japan Maritime Safety Laws and Regulations, obtainable through the Japanese Coast Guard. This publication should be kept as a reference for signal station communication and their meanings, appropriate answering signals, and other local or specific regulations. Pub. 159

KobeRokko Island6.24

The following navigational regulations are in force in Fairway No. III in order to insure the safety of maritime traffic.

Sector 6. Kii Suido and Osaka Wan

1. Vessels may not let go their anchor in the channel, nor may they release vessels being towed. However, these regulations do not apply when attempting to avoid an accident, when not under command, or when engaged in assisting a vessel which has encountered a sudden danger, or when saving life. 2. Vessels entering or leaving the fairway must keep out of the way of vessels navigating in the fairway. 3. Vessels must not navigate abreast each other in the fairway. 4. Vessels should navigate, as far as practicable, in that portion of the fairway which lies on the right side of the center of the fairway. 5. Vessels may not overtake other vessels in the fairway unless there is room to pass safely. As a general rule, Fairway No. II and Fairway No. III are not to be used by vessels of less than 1,000 grt. Traffic control is in force in Higashi-Kobe Fairway for vessels over 500 grt in order to avoid danger of collision. Vessels must navigate in accordance with the signals shown from the signal station on the E side of the passage.6.24

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Traffic signals are shown from Kobe Signal Station situated at the root of Breakwater No. 6, from signal boards facing 035, 125, 195, and 320. The signals and their meanings are given in the accompanying table.

AnchorageThe quarantine anchorage is situated SW of Wada Misakiin depths of approximately 13.0 to 15.6m. Anchorages for vessels with dangerous cargo are designated in Section IV and Section VI. The bottom is mud, good holding ground.6.24

DirectionsKobe Ko can be approached using the Rokko Mountains (the highest peak, Rokko San) as a landmark. Kobe Light, about 1 mile W of Wada Misaki, is a good landmark for vessels approaching from the S. There are a considerable number of wrecks located outside the harbor. The harbor is used by a large number of ferries and scheduled passenger services. The scheduled passenger services operating from Naka Pier in Section II use Fairway No. I and Fairway No. II, and the ferries operating from Higashi-Kobe Ferry Wharf use the Higashi-Kobe Fairway. Kobe Ko Section No. 5 Range Lights, in line bearing 029.6, have been established at position 3439'N, 13513'E and position 3439'N, 13513'E. Kobe Ko Approach Lighted Buoys have been established in position 3435.4'N, 13511.2'E and 3435.6'N, 13514.3'E. Kobe Oki Lighted Buoy No. 1 (3435.2'N., 13511.4'E.) and Lighted Buoy No. 2 (3435.5'N., 13514.5'E.) have been established S of Kobe Ko to mark safe water. All vessels over 500 grt bound to and from an area between Kobe Ko E of Fairway No. II (3438.7'N., 13512.8'E.) and Osaka Ko N of Hamadera Fairway (3433.2'N., 13520.2'E.) should pass Kobe Oki Lighted Buoy No. 1 and Kobe Oki Lighted Buoy No. 2 on their port side. Westbound vessels should use caution while navigating the area due to the presence of working vessels and vessels at anchor in the area.6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24

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Vessels must navigate in accordance with the signals shown from the signal station on the E side of the passage. The signals and their meanings shown from Higashi-Kobe Signal Station are the same as those shown from the South Harbor Signal Station in Osaka Ko. The table titled Osaka KoSouth Harbor Signal StationTraffic Signals in paragraph 6.22 describes these signals and their meanings. Vessels over 500 grt must display the following signals from the forecastle upon getting underway until passing through the breakwater entrance in the indicated passage: Kobe KoVessels Signals for Getting Underway Fairway I II III Signal No. 1 under First substitute. No. 2 under First substitute. No. 3 under First substitute.

Caution6.24

The following items should be considered during a typhoon:

Kobe KoTraffic SignalsKobe Signal Station Signal Flashing letter I Flashing letter O Flashing letter F Alternating flashing letter X with letter I, O, or F Meaning Vessels are permitted to enter the harbor through Fairway No. III. Vessels of 500 grt or more intending to leave the harbor should stop and wait. Vessels are allowed to leave the harbor through Fairway No. III. Vessels of 500 grt or more intending to enter the harbor should stop and await permission. Vessels of 15,000 grt or more and oil tankers of 1,000 grt or more intending to enter or leave Kobe Ko via Fairway No. III should stop and wait for permission to enter or leave. Vessels of less than 15,000 grt may enter or leave via the passage. Signal will shortly change to flashing letter I, O, or F. Vessels navigating through Fairway No. III may proceed. Vessels of less than 500 grt may enter or leave Kobe Ko. Vessels of 500 grt or more should wait outside the fairway, clear of all traffic.

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Kobe KoTraffic SignalsKobe Signal Station Signal Flashing letter X Fixed letter X Meaning Vessels not in the passage should keep clear of fairway traffic. Signal will soon change to fixed letter X. Vessels other than those under the direction of the Port Captain should stay well clear of Fairway No. III. shore. The S side of the strait is comparatively steep-to. A traffic route, prescribed by the Maritime Safety Law, has been established in the strait. Within Akashi Kaikyo Traffic Route all vessels should navigate in that portion of the traffic route which lies on the starboard side of the central line of the route. Wrecks have been reported on the N and NE edges of the traffic route. TidesCurrents.The nature of the tides in Akashi Kaikyo is similar to that in Osaka Wan, but the diurnal inequalities are more marked, and in the second half of each month there is only one tide cycle per day. However, the diurnal inequalities in the tidal current are not very large, and even when there is only one tide cycle per day, there are two E currents and two W currents per day. The main tidal current flows along the middle of the strait over about 35 per cent of its width. On the N side of the main stream, the tidal current gradually decreases as one approaches the shore and there is little difference in the time of tide compared with that of the main current in the center, but on the S side of the main stream tide rips are generated in places. There is a relatively large current velocity in the vicinity of Matsuho Saki, and the time of the tide is some 20 to 50 minutes earlier than in the center of the main current; further, in the area 1.3 miles ESE of Matsuho Saki, the tidal current turns at almost the same time as in the middle of the main current and its rate is about 1.4 times as much. The maximum velocity at springs may reach 7 knots. Countercurrents are generated between Akashi and Karasaki Hana, in the vicinity of Hiro Iso, on the W side of Matsuho Saki, and on the N side of Iwaya. There is SW for 10 to 30 minutes. In the central part of Akashi Kaikyo, the currents run to the W from about 3 hours after LW to about 3 hours after HW at Akashi, and to the E from about 3 hours after HW to about 3 hours after LW; the W currents are strongest about the time of HW, and the E currents are strongest about that of LW. Aspect.Hira Iso (3437'N., 13504'E.), on the N side of the E entrance to Akashi Kaikyo, lies about 0.4 mile offshore and is a rocky bank, with a depth of 1.5m. It is marked by a light shown from a black and red tower. Hachibuse Yama, 246m high, is conspicuous about 2 miles ENE of Hira Iso; a white building, showing a white light, is on its summit. A fishing pier extends from the coast SE of Hachibuse Yama. A blue two-story hexagonal building is conspicuous on Karasaki Hana, about 1.5 miles WNW of Hira Iso. Yamado Iso, a rock, with a depth of 1m, lies about 0.5 mile farther WNW and about 0.1 mile offshore. A spherical gas tank, painted silver and standing on a black tower, is conspicuous about 1 mile NW of Akashi Ko. Semento Iso, rocks with depths of 1 to 1.9m, and marked on6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25

1. When a typhoon passes W of Kobe, the water level during high tide is considerably higher. 2. Strong SE winds blow when a typhoon passes W of Kobe due to the topography, which has mountains lying NW while the harbor is open SE. 3. When a typhoon is advancing E, particularly from Shiona Misaki NE to Kumana Nada, the velocity of the wind increases, even though Kobe Ko is in the left semicircle of the typhoon, because of the winds blowing down from the Rokko Mountains behind. The channel buoy lights and breakwater lights are difficult to see at night, as they are superimposed against the factory and city lights. A large number of container ships and cargo vessels anchor inside Section No. IV, and a large number of ferries anchor S of Industrial Area No. 4. Barges are in operation carrying rubble from the land reclamation at Port Island. According to past experience, the handling of large vessels becomes difficult and tugs lose their usefulness with winds of 29 miles per hour. Damage occurs to moored vessels when the winds exceed 48 miles per hour. For procedures for taking shelter, strict attention should be paid to the harbormasters instructions and the typhoon bulletins. Large vessels should anchor outside the breakwaters or heave-to there with the use of the main engines. Small vessels generally anchor in an area least affected by the typhoon, and medium size vessels, ferries, etc. should find a similar place between the breakwaters and the coast. Vessels of 2,000 to 3,000 grt should anchor rather than remain secured to piers or buoys; it is recommended that they seek shelter in Uchinoumi Ko (3428'N., 13418'E.) in Shodo Shima.6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24 6.24

Akashi Kaikyo6.25 Akashi Kaikyo (Akasi Kaikyo) (3437'N., 13501'E.), connecting Osaka Wan and Harima Nada, is about 2 miles wide. The strait is deep and free from dangers, but the tidal currents are strong and in some places set across the fairway. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 65m, spans Akashi Kaikyo at its narrowest part. Prohibited areas are established around the bridge towers. Caution is necessary as traffic is heavy and there are a large number of fishing vessels. Vessels exceeding a length of 200m should arrange for an escort boat when transiting the strait during fishing season, which runs from the end of February until early April. Current navigational notices and warnings should be consulted. The N side of the strait, in general, shoals gradually shoreward, with a few off-lying rocks. Westward of the W entrance there are depths of less than 10.1m extending up to 4 miles off-

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the W and E ends as well as the S side of this shoal, respectively, by lighted buoys, lie about 1 mile W of Akashi Ko. Shoal water, with depths of less than 4.9m, extends about 2.4 miles farther WSW; a rock, with a depth of 3.4m, lies midway along the S side of the shoal water. A prominent ferris wheel, about 134m high, stands on the NE tip of Awaji Shima, near the coastline of Iwaya Ko, in position 3435'N, 13501'E.6.25

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Matsuho Saki (Matuho Saki), on the S side of Akashi Kaikyo, is the N extremity of Awaji Shima, and is low, sandy, and thickly wooded. E Saki, a rounded point, marked by a light, lies about 0.5 mile WSW of Matsuho Saki; a shoal, with a depth of 4.6m, lies about 320m NE of the light structure. A conspicuous tower, 278m high, stands on a hillside, 0.5 mile SSW of E Saki Light. A hill, 305m high, with a steel tower on its summit, lies about 1 mile SSW of E Saki. Pilotage.Pilotage is compulsory for vessels of over 10,000 grt in Akashi Kaikyo and its approaches for about 3 miles SE and 5 miles W of the Akashi Kaikyo Traffic Route. The MSA Headquarters has requested that the following vessels embark a pilot: 1. Vessels without local knowledge 2. Vessels over 30,000 grt 3. Oil tankers and vessels loaded with liquefied gas of over 10,000 grt 4. Foreign vessels Regulations.Vessels should maintain continuous contact with Osaka Wan Vessel Traffic Service Center on VHF channel 16 when navigating in the traffic routes, approaches to the traffic routes, and the adjacent sea areas. Vessels loaded with dangerous cargoes as specified by the Maritime Traffic Safety Law (except for mammoth vessels) are not to enter the fairway should the visibility be less than 1 mile. Entry by mammoth vessels is limited in accordance with the directions of the fairway supervisor. Vessels of 10,000 grt or over are requested to report their ETA at Akashi Kaikyo to the Osaka Wan Traffic Advisory Ser6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25

vice (call sign Osaka Martis) on VHF channel 16, at least 24 hours in advance. A 3-hour advanced notice is required for vessels over 3,000 grt but less than 10,000 grt. The following vessels should notify the traffic advisory service by noon of the day before the vessel is scheduled to enter the traffic route: 1. Vessels of 160m or more in length 2. Towing and pushing vessels of 160m or more in length Vessels may be instructed by the captain of the port to evacuate the port in the event of abnormal weather or marine conditions such as typhoons or marine accidents. Directions.Vessels must navigate in accordance with the traffic methods established in Maritime Traffic Safety Law. See Pub. 120, Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) Pacific Ocean and Southeast Asia. Vessels over 5,000 grt should navigate in accordance with the following procedures: 1. Vessels intending to enter the traffic route should head for it in such a way as to pass Point A (3434.8'N., 13505.1'E.) on their port bow. Point A is located 2 miles from Akashi Kaikyo Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 3, on the extended center line of the fairway. 2. Vessels leaving the fairway and heading for Kobe Ko or Osaka Ko areas should alter course after passing Point A on their port bow in order to keep out of the path of vessels entering the traffic route. 3. Vessels intending to enter the traffic route from the Himeji Ko or Higashi-Harima Ko areas should head for it in such a way as to pass Point B (3436.3'N., 13456.9'E.). Point B is 2 miles from Akashi Kaikyo Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 1, on the line joining this buoy and Harima Nada Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 6. Caution.At night, the glare of lights at Akashi may make it difficult to distinguish the navigation lights of other vessels. A large number of westbound vessels from the Osaka Ko and Kobe Ko areas and Tomogashima Suido meet with eastbound vessels from the Harima Nada areas and Harima Nada North Fairway.6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25

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7. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Harima Nada and Bisan Seto

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7.0

Additional chart coverage may be found in NGA/DLIS Catalog of Maps, Charts, and Related Products (Unlimited Distribution).

SECTOR 7 CHART INFORMATION

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SECTOR 7THE NAIKAI (INLAND SEA)HARIMA NADA AND BISAN SETO7.0

Plan.This sector first describes Harima Nada, then Bisan Seto. The sector includes the important ports of Higashi-Harima Ko and Himeji Ko, on the N side of Harima Nada; Mizushima Ko, on the N side of Bisan Seto; and Sakaide Ko, on the S side of Bisan Seto.

Harima Nada7.1 Harima Nada (3430'N., 13435'E.) lies between Awaji Shima to the E and Shodo Shima to the W. The recommended route through the Naikai runs from the W entrance to Akashi Kaikyo, to the E entrance of Bisan Seto, a distance of about 40 miles. There are general depths of 20.1 to 40m in Harima Nada, except in the W entrance to Akashi Kaikyo, where there are shoals with depths of less than 10.1m. The S shore is steep-to, with a few scattered rocks, but on the N side there are a number of islands, rocks, and shoals. There is a least depth of 23m on the recommended route through Harima Nada, and depths of over 20m within 1 mile N and S of the center of the fairway. Caution.A dangerous wreck is situated about 0.9 mile SSE of Harima Nada Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 6; another wreck lies approximately 1.8 miles NE of Harima Nada Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 6. Several fish havens lie close to the recommended track between Harima Nada Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 4 and Harima Nada Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 6.7.1 7.1 7.1

E Saki Light which is 159m high. A light is shown from the point. There is a signal station at Okado Hana, and by day weather signals are shown from it. Funoko Shima, an islet, 106m high, lies about 0.5 mile ENE of Okado Hana, to which it is connected by a reef which dries. Goishi Yama, a sharp peak, 435m high, with many towering crags, is conspicuous about 2 miles N of Okado Hana. Anchorage can be obtained off the N side of Funoko Shima, in a depth of about 20m, but it is exposed NE. Mizunoka Iwa, a rock, 3.1m high, lies NE about 5.5 miles of Okado Hana, and 3 miles E of Shodo Shima. Close E, a rock, with a depth of 7.6m, is marked E by a lighted buoy. Nakase Iwa, a rock, with a least depth of 1.6m, lies about 1 mile NW of Mizunoko Iwa. Ofukube Shima, flat-topped and 57m high to the tops of the trees, lies about 2.5 miles W of Okado Hana; an islet, 20m high and conical, lies about 137m off the SE end of the island, to which it is connected by a drying reef. Jizo Saki (Zizo Saki), the S extremity of Shodo Shima, lies about 5 miles WSW of Okado Hana, and is faced with steep cliffs; a light is shown from the headland. A hill, with two rounded summits, is prominent N of the headland; the N summit is 302m high and the higher of the two. Umaga Hana, about 4 miles SSE of Jizo Saki, is a steep cliffy point, marked by a light. O-gushi Saki (Okusi Saki), about 2.5 miles farther NW, is well-wooded and 18.9m high; it rises to an elevation of 145m, about 0.3 mile S. Goken San, 370m high, with a conspicuous rocky summit, lies about 5.5 miles SW of Jizo Saki, and is the highest moun7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2

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The coast from E Saki (3436'N., 13500'E.), near the N end of Awaji Shima to Ei Saki, about 12 miles SW, is cliffy in places. The latter point is a cliffy headland, 41m high. Shikano Se (Sika-no-Se), on the N side of the fairway and centered about 10 miles WSW of E Saki, is a rocky bank, covered with sand and pebbles, with a least depth of 2.2m, and extending for about 3 miles in an ENE-WSW direction; it is marked midway on its S side by a lighted buoy. A shoal, with a depth of 7.6m, lies about 1 mile E of Shikano Se; shoals, with depths of less than 10.1m, extend about 1 mile N and 1.5 miles NE. A lighted buoy is moored about 0.2 mile E of the NE end of the shoal area. Murotsuno Se (Murotu-no-Se) lies on the S side of the fairway, parallel with, and 3 miles from Shikano Se; it is a sandy bank, with a least depth of 8.2m. E Saki Light, bearing 068 and in line with Hachibuse Yama, leads N and clear of Murotsuno Se. Many fish havens are situated between Murotsuno Se and Shikano Se, and also on Matsuo and Takakura Se.

7.2 Joryuji Yama (Zyoryuzi Yama) (3430'N., 13455'E.), a mountain, 515m high, lies about 7 miles SSW of E Saki, and appears as the highest mountain on the N end of Awaji Shima. Okado Hana (3426'N., 13420'E.), the SE extremity of Shodo Shima, is a cliffy headland; it rises to two hills, the S of7.2

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Sector 7. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Harima Nada and Bisan Seto

graph 6.11.

tain in the vicinity. Directions.Vessels should navigate W on a course of 248 and E on a course of 068 on the line of Harima Nada Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 1 to Harima Nada Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 6, and in the vicinity of Shikano Se, should not deviate more than 1 mile from the center of the fairway. The buoys are spaced at intervals of 5 to 5.5 miles. The tidal currents are weak on the recommended track, but vessels are set S during the flood current and N by the ebb current. Vessels eastbound between Okado Hana and Shikano Se should guard against being set off the track. At night, eastbound vessels should not enter the red sector of E Saki Light until clear of Shikano Se. There are many fishing vessels in the vicinity of Shikano Se and Awaji Shima; in particular, many fishing boats cross the fairway from March to June (0300 to 0400 and 0700 to 0900). In this vicinity it is frequently difficult to distinguish the lighted buoys until close to them. Caution.From October to May, seaweed cultivation facilities are situated on Shikano Se and within 1.5 miles of the W coast of Awaji Shima. Lighted buoys with flashing lights are placed around the seaweed cultivation grounds. Vessels carrying dangerous cargo are required to carry emergency towing wires forward and aft when navigating through Harima Nada. (See paragraph 6.16, Osaka Wan, for information on fire wires.)7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2

Harima NadaSouth Side

7.4 Hiketa Wan, about 10 miles W of Naruto Kaikyo, is open N and has sandy shores. Hiketa Ko (3414'N., 13425'E.), a small local harbor, lies in the W part of the bay. Hiketa Hana, the W entrance point of the bay, is marked by a light. A lighted buoy is moored 1.25 miles NE of Hikeda Hana. A submerged rock and a rock, awash, lie about 0.2 mile and 0.8 mile E, respectively, of the point. Matsu Shima, about 2 miles E of Hiketa Hana, is the outermost of several islets in the entrance of Hiketa Wan; it is about 410m long, 37m high, with pine trees on it. Mitsu Shima, a rocky islet, 37m high, with pine trees on it, lies about 0.4 mile WSW of Matsu Shima. Tsunen Shima, 1.9m high, lies about 320m farther WSW. Anchorage can be taken, in 9.2 to 16.5m, in Hiketa Wan; the holding ground is good where the bottom is mud. Care is needed to avoid fishing nets (June to January) and seaweed cultivation grounds (October to April), which are to be found in all parts of the bay. Kabukoshi Saki (3415'N., 13423'E.), about 2.5 miles NW of Hiketa Hana, is surmounted by an isolated hill with a pointed summit. Yoji Yama, an isolated hill with a pointed summit, rises to an elevation of 187m about 0.8 mile SE of Kabukoshi Saki. A reef extends about 90m NE of the point; a pointed rock is visible on the reef. Futago Shima, about 0.5 mile NE of Kabukoshi Saki, consists of two rocky islets, each 26m high, and covered with pine trees. There are two above-water rocks close SE of Futago Shima, and the channel inshore of the islets should not be used. Hitotsu Shima, a rocky islet, 21m high and covered with pine trees, lies about 1 mile NNW of Kabukoshi Saki; there are some high rocks on its N side. Sombommatsu Ko (3415'N., 13421'E.), a small harbor sheltered by breakwaters, lies about 1.8 miles WSW of Kabukoshi Saki, in the central part of Matsubara Ura. A chimney, 30m high, is conspicuous near the harbor. Fish and oyster cultivation grounds lie up to 1 mile offshore E and W of Sombommatsu Ko. Anchorage.Matsubara Ura affords good anchorage during offshore winds, with good holding ground.7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4

Harima NadaEast Side

7.3 The NW coast of Awaji Shima, from E Saki to Ei Saki, about 12 miles SW, is generally cliffy. From Ei Saki to Kariko Saki, about 10.5 miles farther SW, the coast is backed by flat-topped hills except in the vicinity of the mouth of Mihara Kawa, about 2 miles E of Kariko Saki; the coast is bordered by sandy beaches except for two rocky points. Maruyama Saki, about 3 miles SW of Kariko Saki, has a flat summit, 24m high and wooded; it is joined to the mainland by a low isthmus, and appears as an island from a distance. The latter point is backed by mountains, and is a good landmark in the approach to Naruto Kaikyo. Sen San (3421'N., 13449'E.), near the center of Awaji Shima, is 448m high and has a shape resembling Mount Fuji. Toshima Ko is located about 5 miles SW of E Saki and is protected by breakwaters. A light is shown on the head of the N breakwater. Yoko Se, with a depth of 1m, extends about 1 mile WSW of Toshima Ko. Anchorage, sheltered from SE winds, can be taken, in depths of 10.1 to 14.9m, sand, good holding ground, off Toshima Ko; caution is necessary regarding Yoko Se and the tidal currents. Farther SW, between Toshima Ko and Gunge Ko, about 6 miles SW, the bottom is steep-to outside the 10m curve, but large vessels can obtain anchorage, in about 14m, sand, fair holding ground. Myojin Misaki, about 1.5 miles SW of Ei Saki is a white cliffy point with a dense growth of trees in its upper part; it is joined to Awaji Shima by a narrow isthmus and appears as an islet. Anchorage, sheltered from E to S winds, can be taken off the mouth of Mihara Kawa (3420'N., 13444'E.), in depths of 12.8 to 14.6m, mud. Naruto Kaikyo (3414'N., 13439'E.) is described in para-

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7.5 Marukame-jima, 69m high, with Mejima, 45m high to the tops of the trees, close S, lies about 2.3 miles NW of Sombommatsu Ko. Mashino Wan (Umasino Wan) is entered between Marukame-jima and Ube Yama, about 2 miles W. The shores consist of sandy beaches separated by rocky headlands. A light is shown from a red tower at Wakimoto Ko on the W shore of the bay. Fish havens are situated in the bay. Ube Yama is an isolated flat-topped hill, 57m high, with a steep cliff on its E side. Dangerous rocks, with a rock 1.9m high near the outer end, extend about 0.5 mile NE of the W entrance point of the bay. Nako Shima, 32m high, lies about 0.3 mile N of Ube Yama. Kinu-jima, an islet, 32m high, lies about 0.3 mile offshore in the E part of the bay. Reefs and rocks lie between the islet, the shore S, and Mejima. Anchorage can be obtained, in about 9.2m, about 0.3 mile W of Kinu-jima, or in greater depths N of the islet, with a mud bottom.7.5

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Akashi Ko Breakwater Lights

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Tsuda Wan (Tuda Wan) (3418'N., 13415'E.) is entered between Nako Shima and Taka Shima, nearly 2 miles N. The latter islet is 43m high and round-topped; Okino Sowai, a rock awash and steep-to, lies about 0.3 mile ENE of Taka Shima. Baku Iwa, a pointed rock, 5.8m high, lies about 0.3 mile NW of Taka Shima. A submarine wave recorder, connected to the shore by a submarine cable, is situated in the middle part of Tsuda Wan. Tsuda Ko, a local harbor, lies at the head of the bay. A light is shown from a red tower. Ametaki Yama rises to an elevation of 254m, about 0.8 mile SW of Tsudo Ko. Anchorage.Good anchorage can be obtained by large vessels in Tsuda Wan, in a depth of 11.5m, with Nako Shima bearing 160 and Ametaki Yama bearing 230. Small vessels anchor nearer the head of the bay according to draft. Winds between the NNE and ESE send a heavy sea into the bay. There are seaweed cultivation grounds from October to April within 1.5 miles of the shore of the bay. Toraga Hana (3420'N., 13416'E.), about 0.8 mile NNW of Naka Shima, is a steep cliffy point; it rises to Toraga Mine, 307m high, about 1 mile SW. Umaga Hana lies about 1.3 miles NW of Toraga Hana. Oda Wan is entered between Umaga Hana and O-gushi Saki, about 2.3 miles WNW. The bay is free of dangers except for Ikanago Se, a rock with a depth of 10.1m, about 0.8 mile E of O-gushi Saki. Oda Wan affords safe anchorage in adequate depths, except during N winds. Several fish havens exist within 0.3 mile of the W shore of the bay.

fic of large vessels in and out of the above ports, but there is a very large amount of small vessel traffic navigating E and W in the Naikai. The route through the area is indicated by Harima Nada North Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 3 (3433'N., 13408'E.) through Harima Nada Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 10 (3438'N., 13449'E.). There is a depth of about 11m in the E part of Harima Nada North Fairway. Caution.Caution is necessary from October to May due to seaweed cultivation equipment, marked by lighted buoys, off the coast between Akashi Ko (3438'N., 13500'E.) and Ako Ko (3443'N., 13423'E.), except in the harbor entrance channels and in the vicinity of Ieshima Gunto and Shikano Se. There are also many net and line fishing vessels in the vicinity of Harima Nada North Fairway, particularly E of Kami Shima and N of Tanga Shima. It is also necessary to avoid the shoals in the W entrance to Akashi Kaikyo and the dangerous rocks, Kami-Shizumo and Shimo-Shizumo (3442'N., 13430'E.), N of Ieshima Gunto.7.6 7.6

Akashi Kaikyo to Himeji Ko

7.7 The N part of Harima Nada, from Akashi Kaikyo to Himeji Ko (3446'N., 13438'E.), is bordered by a succession of industrial areas. The coast is a low plain. The chimneys of the steel works and generator stations at Higashi-Harima Ko and Himeji Ko are conspicuous landmarks. The area in the vicinity of Kiba (3446'N., 13444'E.), close E of Himeji Ko, is the only place where the mountains approach the coast. A bank, with depths of less than 10.1m, extends to about 5 miles WSW of Akashi Ko. Kantama, with a least depth of 4.9m, lies near the W end of the bank. A lighted buoy is moored S of Kantama. Takakura Se, about 1.5 miles SW of7.7

Harima NadaNorth Side

7.6 In the N part of Harima Nada are the important ports of Higashi-Harima Ko, Himeji Ko, and Aioi Ko. There is traf-

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W side of the reclaimed land. To the W of this berth, a breakwater extends SSW from the shore. A light is shown from its head.

Kantame, has a least depth of 7.8m and is marked E by a lighted buoy. Matsuo and Shikano Se, farther SW, were previously described in paragraph 7.1. In the vicinity of Harima Nada North Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 10, where there are depths of 11.6 to 17m, a sand wave extending about 3 miles E-W and 2 miles N-S was reported.7.7

Aspect7.8

Higashi-Harima Ko (3442'N., 13450'E.)

World Port Index No. 61568 7.8 Higashi-Harima Ko, in the NE part of Harima Nada, lies about 6 miles WNW of Akashi Ko, and is a major port consisting of the former harbors of Futami Ko, Befu Ko, Taka-sago Ko, and Iho Ko. The cities of Kakogawa (3442'N., 13455'E.) (World Port Index No. 61573) and Takasago are developing into industrial areas, with berthing facilities for large vessels. The harbor, from SE to NW, consists of Futami Chiku (Hutami), Befu Chiku (Behu), Takasago Chiku, and Iho Chiku. A dredged passage leads into Befu Chiku. Kako Kawa discharges into the harbor, E of Takasago.7.8

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A factory, with a pale green roof, is conspicuous about 0.3 mile ENE of the base of E breakwater at Befu Chiku. Three cranes are conspicuous at the base of the same breakwater. Lights, in line bearing 022.3, lead to the inner end of the harbor. A group of chimneys of a steelworks are conspicuous on the W side of the harbor at Befu Chiku; the highest two are 174m high. Two cranes, each 35m high and painted light green, are situated near the base of W breakwater at Befu Chiku. Two chimneys, 125m and 105m high and painted red and white, are situated about 0.3 mile N of Takasago W breakwater. Two chimneys at Iho Chiku, on the right bank of Arai Kawa, are 123m and 112m high, and painted red and white. The chimney of a generating plant, close W, is 182m high and also painted red and white. An overhead power cable, with a vertical clearance of 58m, spans Arai Kawa close within its mouth.

WindsWeather Pilotage7.8

The most frequent winds are NE in spring and summer. South winds are most frequent in summer; W winds are most frequent in winter.

7.8

TidesCurrents7.8

7.8

The diurnal inequalities are large at Takasago, and a single tide per day is frequently observed. The mean tidal rise at springs is 1.2m. In the vicinity of the dredged passage, the flood tidal current flows NW with a velocity of about 1 knot, and the ebb tidal current flows SE with a velocity of about 1.8 knots.

7.8

Pilotage is not compulsory. Inland sea pilots are available at Wadi-Misaki (off Kobi), and the harbor pilot is available at the anchorage from sunrise to sunset. An inland sea pilot is compulsory for vessels over 10,000 grt; a harbor pilot is not compulsory. Vessels are prohibited from approaching within 50m of vessels loaded with LPG, which are berthed at the LPG jetties at Befu Chiku and Iho Chiku.

Himeji Ko (3446'N., 13441'E.)

World Port Index No. 61567 7.9 Himeji Ko (Himezi Ko) lies close W of Higashi-Harima Ko, in the N part of Harima Nada. The harbor is divided, from E to W, into Higashi Ku (Higasi Ku), Shikama Ku (Sikama Ku), Hirohata Ku, Aboshi Ku (Abosi Ku), and Nishu Ku. East Passage (Higashi Passage) entrance (3445'N., 13441'E.) leads into Higashi Ku; Hirohata Passage entrance (3444'N., 13437'E.) leads into Hirohata Ku. The city of Himeji is the central city for commerce and industry in the Harima Plain. In the coastal area of the harbor there are large factories, steelworks, and generating stations.7.9

DepthsLimitations7.8

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7.8

The passage leading into Befu Chiku is 400m wide and dredged to 17m. Dredged depths of 17m extend farther NNE into the harbor to the middle part of East Wharf, which lies on the W side of the harbor. A berth, in the middle part of East Quay, can accommodate vessels up to 160,000 dwt, in a depth of 17m. The LPG Jetty, on the inner side of West Breakwater at Befu Chiku, has depths of 14 to 17m alongside, and can accommodate vessels up to 70,000 dwt. Shoals, with depths of 4.8m and 3.6m, lie about 0.2 mile SSW and 410m SSE, respectively, of the head of East Breakwater at Befu Chiku. West Wharf, inside the breakwater on the left bank of the mouth of Kako Kawa, can accommodate vessels up to 35,000 dwt at Berth W5, at its S end. Berth W6, close SE of West Wharf, can accommodate vessels up to 55,000 dwt, in a depths of 12m. The reclaimed land on the right bank of Arai Kawa, close W of Takasago, has a berth on its E side with a depth of 7m alongside. A dolphin berth, with a depth of 8m alongside, lies on the

WindsWeather7.9

7.9

At Himeji Ko, the wind is mostly NE in the spring and autumn, S in the summer, and W in the winter. The directions of the harbormaster must be followed during the time of a typhoon. In Hirohato Ku, if there is a strong possibility that a typhoon will approach, and strong SE winds will blow, large vessels berthed at Central Wharf should leave the harbor.

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Sector 7. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Harima Nada and Bisan Seto TidesCurrentsThe diurnal inequalities of the tide are large at Hirohata, and a single tide per day is frequently observed. The mean tidal rise at springs is 1.2m and at HHW is 1.5m. Between the entrance to Hirohata Passage and the harbor entrance the flood tidal current generally sets W and the ebb current E, but they are both weak. In the anchorage at Hirohata Ku, there is no tidal current.7.9 7.9

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DepthsLimitationsHigashi Ku Passage is dredged to a depth of 14m. An LNG jetty, on the inner side of E breakwater, has dredged depths of 14m alongside and in its approach. An offshore pipeline berth, consisting of a lighted mooring buoy painted in red and white stripes, is moored in depths of 20.5m, about 3 miles SSW of Higashi Ku harbor entrance; it can accommodate vessels up to 250,000 dwt. A submarine pipeline runs N from this berth to the mouth of Ichi Kawa (Iti Kawa). In Section I, a dolphin berth, on the W side of the inner harbor, has depths of 12.2 to 12.5m alongside. A channel, dredged to 12m, leads into Shikama Ku. Berths 3 to 6 on Shikama Quay, located on the W side of Section I, have depths of 10.0 to10.4m alongside. Berths 7 through 9 have depths of 12m alongside. Senbakawa Quay, on the W face of Shikama Quay, has depths alongside of 5.4 to 7.8m. Hirohata Passage, leading into Hirohata Ku, has dredged depths of 17.1m and is entered between No. 1 Lighted Buoy and No. 2 Lighted Buoy, moored 2 miles SSW of the head of Hirohata East Breakwater. Raw Materials Wharf, W of the entrance to Section I, has depths of 17.1m alongside and can accommodate vessels up to 100,000 grt. Berth No. 3 of Hirohata Quay has a depth of 14.2m alongside. Depths of 13m lead farther N to Berth 9 and Berth 10 (Central Wharf), on the N side of Section I. There are depths of 9.7 to 13.6m alongside Central Wharf, which can accommodate vessels up to 76,000 dwt. Aboshi Breakwater lies on the W side of the E entrance channel and extends from the NE corner of reclaimed land. The channel has a least depth of 7.5m in it. A light is shown on the head of the breakwater. Sector I of Nishi Ku is for timber only. A wharf, available for vessels of 9.2m draft, lies N of East Breakwater. There are also mooring buoys for vessels of similar draft in the mouth of the river.7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9

the N end of the inner harbor; it is 127m high, painted red and white, and is a good mark when proceeding to the inner end of Section I. A group of oil tanks, all painted white, lies on the W side of the inner harbor. Shikama Ku.The three-stack composite chimney of a power station lies on the E side of the harbor interior; it is 150m high and painted red and white. Farther N, there are two towers, 99m high, painted red and white, and supporting overhead cables. Himeji Port Office, a white six-story building, is conspicuous at the N end of the interior of the harbor. Hirohata Ku.Two pairs of range lights, in line bearing 016 and 000 respectively, lead into the harbor. The channel is dredged to 17m and the lights may be difficult to distinguish in daytime. Two cranes, painted red, are situated on Raw Materials Wharf, W of the entrance to Section I. Aboshi Ku.A factory chimney, 92m high, painted red and white, lies about 0.8 mile NNW of the head of Aboshi Breakwater. A restricted area, marked by lighted buoys and into which entry is prohibited, extends S of the W end of the reclaimed land shown on the chart. A signal station stands in Section 1 of Aboshi Ku.7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9

Pilotage7.9

7.9

Pilotage is not compulsory. If required, the pilot boards in the anchorage area. Inland Sea pilotage is required for vessels over 10,000 grt; the pilot boards at Wadamisaki. There is a signal station on the W side of the harbor entrance of Hirohata Ku. Vessels should retain onboard the most recent edition of Japan Maritime Safety Laws and Regulations, obtainable through the Japanese Coast Guard. This publication should be kept as a reference for signal station communiques and their meanings, appropriate answering signals, and other local or specific regulations.

Anchorage7.9

Deep-draft vessels, waiting for the tide, may take temporary anchorage close SE of the entrances to the passages and the dredged channel.

Caution7.9

Aspect7.9

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The lighted mooring buoy of the offshore pipeline berth (3443'N., 13440'E.), previously described above, lies about 3 miles SSW of Higashi Ku harbor entrance. East Passage, Hirohata Passage, and the dredged channel into Shikama Ku are marked by lighted buoys. Higashi Ku.On the E side of the inner harbor, in the vicinity of the generating station, are two chimneys, 203m and 80m high. The three-stack composite chimney of an oil refinery lies at

With strong W winds of the winter monsoon, a vessel may be set markedly E when the ebb current is E in the vicinity of the breakwater entrance at Hirohata Ku. Caution is necessary when the bow of the vessel passes inside the breakwaters; the stern of the vessel may be set to the right, and a dangerous situation may arise as the bow of the vessel swings to the left.

Ieshima Gunto7.10 Ieshima Gunto (Iesima Syoto) (3440'N., 13435'E.), in the N part of Harima Nada, consists of four large islands and more than ten small islands and islets. There are many dangerous rocks in the area, and care is particularly necessary to avoid Kami-Shizumo and Shimo-Shizumo (3442'N., 13430'E.), N Pub. 159

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Kurakake Shima Light of the islands. Numerous fish havens are situated between and around the islands in this group. Harima Nada North Fairway passes N of Ieshima Gunto, but passes S of Kami Shima, the E islet. Large vessels navigating to and from Himeji Ko and Aioi Ko also go between Ieshima Gunto and Shodo Shima. Kami Shima (3441'N., 13443'E.), the E islet of the group, lies about 4 miles SSE of the entrance to Higashi Ku (Himeji Ko). It is a round-topped islet, 44m high, and marked by a light near its summit. The islet should not be approached too closely, as drying and submerged rocks lie up to about 410m N and S of the islet. A rock, with a depth of 11.9m, lies about 0.5 mile SSW of the islet. Kurakake Shima, about 3.5 miles W of Kami Shima, has two summits. The E summit is 64m high; a light is shown from the W summit. A rock, 4.9m high, lies close to the SE end of the islet, and a rock, 8.8m high, with a rock awash close W, lies close to the NW end of the islet. A dangerous wreck, the charted position of which is approximate, lies almost 0.5 mile S of Kurakake Shima. Futon Shima, nearly 1.5 miles WSW of Kurakake Shima, is 43m high; a rocky islet, 18.9m high, lies about 0.1 mile S of the SW end of the islet, to which it is connected by a drying bank. Oikari, a rock, 1m high, with a submerged rock close E, lies about 0.4 mile SSW of the above-mentioned 18.9m islet. A lighted buoy is moored close NW of Oikari.7.10 7.10 7.10 7.10 7.10 7.10

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7.11

its outer end, extends about 0.2 mile E of the N islet. Ie Shima, nearly 1 mile W of Tanka-jima, is the principal island of the group; the summit of the island, in its SE part, attains an elevation of 142m. A light is shown from the N end of the island. Ieshima Ko, which is protected by breakwaters that extend from both sides of the middle of the inlet and shows a light from each breakwater head, lies in a bay on the NE side of Ie Shima. Several dangerous wrecks lie in the NE approaches to Ieshima Ko. Anchorage, sheltered from all but NE winds, can be taken by small vessels outside the breakwaters, in depths of 18.3 to 22m. 7.12 Kami-Shizumo (3442'N., 13430'E.), a rock with a depth of 1.4m, lies about 1.3 miles NNW of the NW extremity of Ie Shima. Shimo-Shizumo, a rock with a depth of 4.6m, lies close WSW of Kami-Shizumo. A lighted buoy is moored NE of Kami-Shizumo, and another lighted buoy is moored SW of Shimo-Shizumo. Nishi Shima (Nisi Shima), about 1 mile WSW of Ie Shima, has many white cliffs on its coasts. Its summit, 276m high, lies in the SW part of the island; a pyramidal rock is conspicuous about 0.4 mile N of the summit. Boze Shima (Bose Shima), 104m high in its W part, is connected to the SE extremity of Nishi Shima by a drying bank. A light is shown from the shoals close off the E side of Boze Shima. There is a small harbor, protected by a breakwater, on the E side of the island. Yano Shima, 38m high, lies midway between the N end of Boze Shima and the SW end of Ie Shima. A drying rock lies close E of Yano Shima; a dangerous rock lies midway between Yano Shima and the S end of Ie Shima. A drying reef, with a 11.9m high rock and a submerged rock near its outer end, extends about 0.3 mile SW of Yano Shima. Kuro Shima, 80m high, and another islet lie about 0.8 mile and 1.3 miles, respectively, S of Yano Shima. A rock, with a depth of 6.9m, lies midway between Kuro Shima and the S part of Boze Shima. Taka Shima, 107m high, lies nearly 0.5 mile S of the SE ex-

7.12

7.12

7.11 Tanka-jima (Tanga Shima) (3440'N., 13435'E.), about 1 mile WSW of Futon Shima, is the E of the four large islands. The island has two summits; the W summit is 220m high and marked by a light on its S side. Many white scars mark the coast where stone has been quarried. Koikari, a rock, which dries 0.8m, lies about 0.2 mile E of Tanka-jima. Uwa Shima, two islets close together, lies about 0.3 mile N of the N extremity of Tanka-jima; the NW islet is 33m high. Ka Shima, about 0.5 mile SE of the S extremity of Tanka-jima, consists of three islets joined by a sandy beach; the SE islet is 56m high. A reef, with a pointed rock, 3.4m high, at7.11

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tremity of Nishi Shima, with foul water between. Taka Shima (3438'N., 13432'E.) 31m high, is a small islet of the same name as the island 1.5 miles W of it. Anchorage.Anchorage can be taken, in 16 to 20m, between the E coast of Nishi Shima and the NW coast of Boze Shima. Care must be taken to avoid Uchi-Shizumo, a rock, with a depth of 1.4m, about 0.5 mile W of the N extremity of Boze Shima. Care is also necessary due to fish cultivation facilities between Uchi-Shizumo and the E coast of Nishi Shima, and in the inner parts of the anchorage. Temporary anchorage can be taken, in 14.9 to 19.8m, in the bays on the N and S sides of Nishi Shima with local knowledge. A rock, with a depth of 7.2m, lies on the E side of the entrance to the S bay.7.12 7.12

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7.14

rocks and provides anchorage for vessels up to 500 grt, sheltered from winds other than from the SW. Murotsu Gyoko, protected by a breakwater, lies within 1.5 miles S of the entrance to Murotsu Wan. A light is shown on the head of the breakwater. A fish haven exists 0.2 mile S of the light.

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7.14

7.13 Inge-jima (Inge Shima) (3439'N., 13426'E.), about 1 mile W of Nishi Shima, has its 76m high summit near its SW end. A light is shown near the middle of the island. A chain of islets and rocks extends about 1.7 miles SSW of Inge-jima to Komatsu Shima, 32m high, with bushes on it.

Kanega Saki (3445'N., 13429'E.) separates Murotsu Wan from Aioi Ko, close W. Kimi Shima, 31m high to the tops of the trees, lies about 0.2 mile S of Kanega Saki. Okino-Karani Shima, about 1.3 miles SE of Kanega Saki, is thickly covered with pines, and 38m high to the tops of the trees. Depths of less than 4.9m extend about 0.1 mile S of the islet, and an islet close NE is joined to it by a reef. Jino-Karani Shima, about 0.5 mile NE of Okino-Karani Shima, is 40m high to the tops of the trees. Two rocks, one drying 0.8m and the other with a depth of 0.4m, lie about 0.2 mile NE and ENE, respectively, of Jino-Karani Shima.

Aioi Ko (3446'N., 13428'E.)

World Port Index No. 61570 7.15 Aioi Ko, protected by a detached breakwater, is entered between Kanega Saki and Kama Saki, about 1 mile W. Kazura Shima, marked by a light, lies about 0.5 mile WSW of Kimi Shima, in the middle of the entrance to Aioi Ko. It was reported that shoaling had occurred in an area 0.6 mile N of Kanega Saki; depths of 4m have been recorded. The entire W side of the harbor is occupied by a shipyard, with a number of drydocks and facilities for constructing vessels of up to 477,000 dwt. The city of Aioi lies at the head of the harbor. WindsWeather.Mountains border three sides of the harbor. The interior of the harbor is calm, even in the W to WNW storms of winter. TidesCurrents.The tidal rise is 1.5m at springs, and 1.3m at neaps. DepthsLimitations.The harbor has general depths of 6 to 7.9m. The private wharves of the shipbuilding yard occupying the entire W side of the harbor, and have depths of 6 to 7m alongside. The largest drydock on the W side of the harbor is 340m long, 56m wide, with a depth of 8m, and has a 150,000 dwt capacity. Kasamatu Iwa, a rock, 3m high, lies close off the E shore, about 0.8 mile NNW of Kanega Saki. Kabe Shima, a rock, 2.1m high, lies about 0.2 mile offshore, about 0.8 mile farther N; a depth of 4.5m lies about 150m S of Kabe Shima. Aspect.A three-story building on the summit of a hill on the E side of the harbor entrance is conspicuous from a distance. Lights, in line bearing 350.5, lead into the harbor; the lights are shown from hills behind the shipyard at the head of the harbor. A white radio tower stands on the summit of a 181m hill, about 0.3 mile W of the range lights. Pilotage.For information, see paragraph 6.1.7.15 7.15 7.15 7.15 7.15 7.15 7.15 7.15 7.15

Inge-jima Light7.13

7.13

Matsu Shima, 88m high to the tops of the trees, lies about 2.5 miles SSE of the SW extremity of Nishi Shima. Odono Se, a rock with a depth of 1.2m, lies about 0.4 mile ENE of Matsu Shima; Dekisono Se, a rock, with a depth of 1.2m, lies about 0.4 mile WSW of Matsu Shima. Mitsugashira Shima, 46m high, lies about 0.8 mile W of the SW end of Matsu Shima. A chain of islets, rocks, and dangers extends about 1 mile NNE of Mitsugashira Shima to Katsura Shima, 40m high. It is not advisable to pass between the islets.

Himeji Ko to Ako Ko7.14 Noboriiwa Yama (3446'N., 13433'E.), 145m high, sparsely covered with pine trees, and with a large rock on its summit, is conspicuous about 1.5 miles NW of the head of the W breakwater at Nishi Ku of Himeji Ko. Murotsu Wan, about 2.5 miles farther W, is free of dangerous7.14

7.16 Sakoshi Wan (3445'N., 13427'E.) lies close W of Pub. 159

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of the island. A light is shown from the W head of the breakwater. Kashiri Shima, 58m high, lies about 0.5 mile NNW of Otabu Shima. Anchorage can be taken by small vessels, in 6 to 7m, mud, S of Kakui Shima, between the above-mentioned islands. Care must be taken to avoid Komeishi, a group of rocks, one of which dries 2m, lying about 300m E of Kashira Shima. Care is needed to avoid several submarine cables and pipelines laid between these islands. There is also a bridge, with a vertical clearance of 23m, which connects Kashira Shima to Kakui Shima. Naga Shima, about 0.8 mile W of Otabu Shima, has many summits about 100m high, and is covered with pine trees; a low isthmus is in its center. It is almost joined to the mainland W by a channel, which is crossed by a bridge with a vertical clearance of 13m. Ohira Yama, 262m high, is conspicuous about 2.8 miles WNW of the E extremity of Naga Shima. Tamakazura Yama, about 1.8 miles farther WSW, is a sharp wooded peak, 267m high. The approach to the small local harbors of Katagami Ko and Hinase Ko lies between Otabu Shima and Naga Shima. The many narrow channels between the above-described islands and the mainland are available to small vessels with local knowledge.7.18 7.18 7.18 7.18

Aioi Ko and is open S. Sakoshi Ko, a local port, lies in the NW part of the bay and is sheltered E by Iki Shima, which is densely wooded and 60m high to the tops of the trees. A second harbor, protected by a breakwater, has a quay and jetty and lies 0.4 mile NE of Iki Shima. Fish havens lie within 0.3 mile SW of Kama Shima. Nabe Shima, 29m high and sparsely covered with pine trees, lies in the NE part of the bay. A light is shown from the head of a breakwater extending from the E side of the island. Anchorage.The bay has depths of 4.9 to 5.8m, mud, and anchorage can be taken as convenient. Sakoshi Ko has depths of 4 to 5m and is a safe roadstead for small vessels. Mi Saki (3444'N., 13425'E.), 68m high, lies about 3 miles WSW of Kazura Shima. A light is shown from, and a shrine is situated on, the summit of the headland. There are many hotels in the area; their lights are visible from a distance. A rock, 0.9m high and marked by a light, lies about 0.2 mile S of the headland. Toriage Shima, 17.1m high, and sparsely covered with pine trees, lies about 1.3 miles WSW of Mi Saki. It lies close off the mouth of Chigusa Kawa; extensive salt pans lie E of the river mouth.7.16 7.16 7.16

Ako Ko7.17 Ako Ko (3444'N., 13422'E.) lies in the mouth of Otsu Kawa, about 1.5 miles NNW of Toriage Shima. The harbor limit extends from Toriage Shima to Tuna Saki, at the W entrance to Otsu Kawa. A dredged channel and range lights lead into the harbor, which is being developed into an industrial harbor. DepthsLimitations.The entrance channel (3443'N., 13422'E.) is about 500m wide and dredged to 7.3 to 7.9m. The cement wharf, in the vicinity of the front range light, has depths of 4.5 to 8.2m alongside. A dolphin berth, close SE of the cement wharf, has a depth of 7.5m alongside. Aspect.Range lights, in line bearing 000, lead into the harbor through the dredged channel, which is marked by lighted buoys. A chimney, 100m high, lies on the E side of the mouth of Otsu Kawa, between the range lights; the range lights may be difficult to see. Two chimneys, each 78m high, are conspicuous about 0.3 mile farther N. A cliff on the S side of the 145m hill, about 1 mile W of Tuna Saki, is a good landmark for distinguishing the harbor from a distance. Caution.There are fixed fishing nets and seaweed cultivation grounds on both sides of the entrance channel from September to April.7.17 7.17 7.17 7.17 7.17 7.17

Ako Ko to Ushimado Ko7.18 Kakui Shima (3443'N., 13419'E.), about 2 miles SW of Ako Ko, has a conspicuous rounded summit, 219m high, and is marked by a light at its SE end. Several fish havens exist in the bight on the S side of the island. Tsura Shima, 37m high and treeless, lies about 1 mile S of the summit of Kakui Shima; a rock, 12.8m high, lies off its S end. Otabu Shima, 41m high, lies about 1 mile SW of Tsura Shima. There is a small harbor, protected by a detached breakwater, on the N side Pub. 159

7.19 Ki Shima (3440'N., 13413'E.), 24m high, is located about 0.5 mile SW of Naga Shima. Takatsubo Yama, about 1.5 miles farther WSW, is 143m high and surmounted by a pine woods conspicuous from a distance. Kinkai Wan is entered S of Takatsubo Yama; the major part of the bay is being reclaimed. Bangaishi Hana, the S entrance point of Kinkai Wan, is located about 1.3 miles S of Takatsubo Yama. Kami Ikada, a rock, 3.6m high and marked by a light, lies nearly 1 mile E of Bangaishi Hana; a rock, which dries 0.5m, lies about 0.1 mile NE of Kami Ikada. Nezu Shima, an islet, 35m high, is conspicuous about 0.3 mile WNW of Kami Ikada. Shimo Ikada, a rock, 3.1m high, lies about 0.6 mile SW of Kami Ikada; a rock, with a depth of 0.3m, lies close NW of Shimo Ikada. Mae Shima (3436'N., 13411'E.) lies with its E extremity about 1.3 miles S of Kami Ikada; the summit of the island, in its E part, is 137m high and thickly covered with pine trees. A light is shown on the N extremity of the W end of Mae Shima. Ao Shima, 31m high and treeless, lies about 0.4 mile SE of the E end of Mae Shima. Ki Shima, about 0.5 mile SW of Ao Shima, has two summits with pine trees; the W summit is 67m high. A light is shown from the SE extremity of the island. Two rocks, which dry 1.5 and 1.1m high, lie about midway between Mae Shima, Ao Shima and Ki Shima. Kuro Shima (3436'N., 13410'E.), 33m high, with pine trees near its summit, lies close SW of Mae Shima, in the S approach to Ushimado Ko. It is the E of three islets lying on a drying bank. The group lies on a mud bank, with depths of less than 4.9m, extending about 0.5 mile W of the W islet. A channel, about 0.3 mile wide lies between the W edge of the bank and Yomogi Saki, the SW entrance point of Ushimado Ko. A light is shown from Yomogi Saki.7.19 7.19 7.19 7.19 7.19

7.20 Ushimado Ko (Usimado Ko) (3437'N., 13410'E.), a small local port, is divided into an E area and a W area by Ush-

Sector 7. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Harima Nada and Bisan Seto

imado Seto, a narrow passage between the NW end of Mae Shima and the mainland. The passage is about 0.1 mile wide, and is not only restricted by rocks, with depths of less than 4.9m, extending from both sides, but there are tidal currents of over 2 knots. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of about 30m, crosses the narrows. A light is shown from the N extremity of the W end of Mae Shima; the E limit of the harbor extends N from this extremity. There is a least depth of 5.2m in the S approach to the anchorage, between mud banks, with depths of less than 2m and with a dense growth of seaweed, extending from the N and S sides of the W harbor area. The E approach to Ushimado Ko, N of Mae Shima, has depths of less than 4.9m. Anchorage, with local knowledge, can be taken, in 14.6 to 15.9m, with the W end of Mae Shima bearing 164, distant about 0.4 mile.7.20 7.20 7.20

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with local knowledge. Kabura Saki, at the W end of the N coast of Shodo Shima, is 22.2m high to the tops of the trees. A reef, with depths of less than 10.1m, extends about 685m N from a position about 0.2 mile E of the point; a rock, with a depth of 2.4m, lies in the N part of the reef. Chiburi Shima, 32m high and marked by a light at its NE end, lies about 0.5 mile W of Kabura Saki; rocks lie within 0.1 mile N of the NE extremity, and within 0.2 mile off the SW side of Chiburi Shima. Kazura Shima, 59m high, lies about 0.5 mile SW of Chiburi Shima. Caution.It is inadvisable to go between Chiburi Shima, Kazura Shima, and Shodo Shima.7.22 7.22

Shodo Shima7.21 Shodo Shima (Syodo Shima) (3430'N., 13416'E.), on the W side of Harima Nada, rises to an elevation of 817m at Hoshigajo Yama (Hosigazyo), in the E part of the island. A 777m peak is located about 1.5 miles W of Hoshigajo Yama; a wooded ridge extends from this peak to Jizo Saki (Zizo Saki), the S extremity of the island. Taima Zan (3429'N., 13414'E.), a steep cliffy plateau, 427m high, in the W part of the island, slopes S to Ikada Wan. Okado Hana, the SE extremity of Shodo Shima, and the offlying dangers off the E side of the island were previously described in paragraph 7.2. Fukuda Wan (3433'N., 13422'E.), at the NE end of Shodo Shima, is sheltered from all but E winds. The bay is entered between Kanega Saki (Kanaga Saki), 105m high and Ko-jima, about 1 mile S. The latter islet is 44m high, and joined to the mainland at its W end. O Iso, a rock, marked by a light, lies about 1 mile ESE of Kanega Saki. Hinde Iwa, which dries 0.6m, lies about 0.7 mile E of Ko-jima and is marked SE by a lighted buoy. Manaita Iwa, a rock, with a depth of 2m, lies about 0.4 mile NE of Hinde Iwa. The fishing port of Fukuda lies at the head of the bay. Anchorage.Anchorage can be taken by vessels with local knowledge in Fukuda Wan. The major part of the bay has depths of 14.6 to 29.2m. There are seaweed cultivation grounds within 410m of the shore on the N side of the bay from October to April, and fish cultivation grounds within 400m of the S shore from April to January.7.21 7.21 7.21

7.22 Obe Wan, an open bight on the N coast of Shodo Shima, lies between Myoken Saki (3433'N., 13416'E.), a steepto wooded point, 103m high, and a point about 2 miles E. Obe Ko, a local port, lies at the head of Obe Wan. O Shima, 29m high, lies about 0.8 mile ENE of Myoken Saki, and is the outermost of a group of rocks connected by shoals. A rock, with a depth of 1.7m, and marked close NE by a lighted buoy, lies about 0.5 mile E of O Shima, with above and below-water rocks in between. Ko Shima, 35m high, lies about 0.8 mile ESE of O Shima, and about 0.2 mile offshore. Anchorage.Temporary anchorage can be taken, in 5 to 7m, midway between O Shima and Ko Shima, by small vessels7.22 7.22

7.23 Sakate Ko (3427'N., 13419'E.) is located at the NE end of Sakate Wan, which is entered between Okado Hana, the SE end of Shodo Shima, and Shioya Hana (Sioya Hana), about 2.8 miles WNW. Ko Shima, 49m high and surmounted by a beacon, lies about 1 mile NW of Okado Hana, and is separated from the E shore by a shallow channel. The harbor is open SSE to WSW; with strong SE winds, heavy seas enter the harbor. A wharf, marked by a light at its outer end, lies in the N part of the inner end of the harbor; it is 115m long, with depths of 4 to 6.4m alongside its N side. A jetty, close NW of the wharf, has depths of 5.5 to 10.1m alongside. Anchorage can be taken in Sakate Ko, in 14.6 to 24m, except in strong SE winds. Uchinoumi Wan (Uti-no-Umi), entered W of Shioya Hana, is separated from Sakate Wan by a hilly peninsula. The bay provides good anchorage for all types of vessels during typhoons. Uchinoumi Ko lies at the inner end of the bay. Gongen Hana, the E entrance point of the bay, lies nearly 0.5 mile NW of Shioya Hana. Okino Hanage, a rock drying 0.6m, and marked NW by a lighted buoy, lies on a shoal about 0.3 mile SW of Gongen Hana. Jino Hanage, a rock awash, marked NW by a lighted buoy, and with shoal water extending about 230m N and S of it, lies about 0.3 mile NNW of Gongen Hana. Anchorage can be taken as convenient in Uchinoumi Wan, in a depth of 11.9m, mud, by all types of vessels. Ouchinoumi Ko (Utinomi Ko) (3428'N., 13419'E.) is a local port, sheltered from all winds, and known as a port of shelter for large and small vessels. Benten Shima, 8.9m high and wooded, lies at the inner end of the harbor; a wooded islet, 5.6m high, lies about 0.1 mile W of Benten Shima, to which it is connected by a drying reef. A wharf about 0.3 mile SE of Benten Shima is 71m long, and can accommodate a 1,000 grt vessel in a depth of about 4.9m.7.23 7.23 7.23 7.23 7.23 7.23 7.23 7.23 7.23 7.23

7.24

7.24 Ikeda Wan (3428'N., 13413'E.) lies on the SW side of Shodo Shima; it is entered between Jizo Saki, the S extremity of Shodo Shima, and Kuro Saki, the S extremity of Ka Shima, about 5 miles NW. Chojaga Hana, about 1.5 miles N of Jizo Saki, is the N entrance point of a small cove in the SE part of the bay. Benten Shima, an islet, 21m high and sparsely wooded, lies about 1.8 miles farther N. Ikeda Ko, a small port, is entered close N of Benten Shima. Yo Shima, 51m high, and wooded, lies in the NW part of Ikeda Wan, and is connected by islets and drying banks to the Pub. 159

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Sector 7. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Harima Nada and Bisan Seto

Traffic Routes prescribed by the Maritime Traffic Safety Law are in force in Bisan Seto, as follows: 1. Bisan Seto East Traffic RouteLocated in the E part of Bisan Seto. This traffic route is crossed by Uko East Traffic Route and Uko West Traffic Route 2. Bisan Seto North Traffic RouteFor westbound vessels in the W part of Bisan Seto 3. Bisan Seto South Traffic RouteFor eastbound vessels in the W part of Bisan Seto 4. Mizushima Traffic RouteNear the E end of Bisan Seto North Traffic Route Vessels 50m long and over are required to remain within the limits of the Traffic Routes, the limits of which are best seen on the chart, and which are delineated by lettered lines, also best seen on the chart, as follows: 1. Mizushima Traffic Route. a. Between Line A and Line B. b. Between Line B and the harbor limit. 2. Bisan Seto Traffic Routes. a. Between Line G and Line F. b. Between Line F and Line E. c. Between Line E and Line D. d. Between Line D and Line C.

coast N. Fujino Se, with a least depth of 6.1m, lies about 0.5 mile W of Chojaga Hana. Okino Mo, with a least depth of 3.7m, mud or sand and shell, and with a luxuriant growth of seaweed, extends about 0.8 mile E from a position about 0.3 mile S of Yo Shima. Sandwaves lie in the middle of the entrance to the bay. Tonosho Higashi Ko, on the E side of Ka Shima, has a pier 180m long, with depths of 3.1 to 6m alongside. A channel, about 90m wide, with depths of 5 to 6.5m, leads to the pier. The approach channel is marked on its W side by lighted buoys (port hand) and by lighted spar buoys (red and yellow). Anchorage.Ikeda Wan provides good sheltered anchorage except in S winds. Large vessels can anchor, in 11 to 13m, on a line between Kuro Saki and Chojaga Hana or, in 9.2 to 14m, NW of Chojaga Hana, remaining clear of Fujino Se. Small vessels can anchor, in 5.5 to 7m, mud, in the inner part of the bay, clear of Okino Mo. Tonosho Ko (3430'N., 13410'E.), a local port, on the W side of Shodo Shima, is available to small vessels with local knowledge through a narrow shoal channel between Ka Shima and Shodo Shima.7.24 7.24 7.24 7.24

7.25

7.25

Bisan Seto7.25 Bisan Seto extends from the SW part of Harima Nada to Bingo Nada, a distance of about 36 miles. The E entrance lies between Jizo Saki (3425'N., 13414'E.) and O-gushi Saki, about 3 miles SSW. The W entrance lies between Mu Shima and Mi Saki, nearly 2.5 miles SE.

Bisan Seto Reporting Lines.Vessels of 70m or more in length, not properly operating AIS, must report vessel name and time of crossing at the following position reporting lines to Bisan Seto Traffic Advisory Service Center as described in the following table:7.25

Bisan Seto Position Reporting Lines Name Bisan Seto South Traffic Route W Bisan Seto South Traffic Route S Mizushima North Mizushima West Mizushima East Bisan Seto East Traffic Route S Uko S Uko N Ishima Suido Takamatsu NE Takamatsu N Abbreviation SW Line SS Line MN Line MW Line ME Line ES Line US Line UN Line EN Line ET Line EY Line Position- A Line Drawn: 180 from Futaomote Shima Lighthouse to the shore of Awa Shima. Connecting the N end of Awa Shima Yagura Hana and the N end of Shamijima. 75 from Futo-Noji Shima triangulation point to the coast. From Futo-Noji Shima triangulation point to a point lying 180 at a distance of 2,000m. Connecting Nishi-no-Saki Traffic Control Station and the W end of Hitsuishi Shima. 90 from Ko-Sei Shima triangulation point to the coast and a line from Ko-Sei Shima triangulation point to a point drawn 238 and 2,860m distant. Connecting Megi Shima triangulation point and the top of Kushi-no-Yama. Connecting the N end of Kama Shima and Manaita Ishi lighted beacon. Connecting the NE end of Nao Shima Tsuno Saki and Te Shima Reita Saki. Connecting the S end of Ogi Shima and the N end of O Shima. Connecting the N end of Kabuto Shima and the N end of Taka Shima.

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Sector 7. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Harima Nada and Bisan Seto

Position- A Line Drawn: Connecting Shodo Shima Jizo Saki and Okushi Saki. graph 7.21. Taka Se, with a least depth of 14.9m, lies about 2 miles WSW of Jizo Saki, and is the least depth of Bisan Seto East Traffic Route. Ka Shima, separated from Shodo Shima by a barely-drying channel, lies about 4.5 miles NW of Jizo Saki. Ofuka Yama, 227m high, with few trees, is the summit of the island lying near its center. Yoko Se, with a least depth of 17.1m, lies about 1.3 miles SSE of Kuro Saki, the S extremity of Ka Shima. Te Shima, about 2 miles W of Ka Shima, rises to a plateau in its central part, from which rises Dan Yama, 340m high, the summit of the island. Uomi Yama, a sharp peak, 103m high, lies in the W part of the island. Ode Shima, an islet, 133m high, lies between Ka Shima and Te Shima. It lies close on the E side of Te Shima and is separated from it by a narrow channel. Two overhead cables, with a least vertical clearance of 42m, span the channel. Fish havens are situated at the N and S ends of this channel. Awara Shima, a conical rocky islet, 31m high, lies about 0.5 mile S of Ode Shima. A sand bank, with a least depth of 11.9m, lies close N of the traffic route, and extends from about 0.5 mile SSE of Kuro Saki to about 1 mile SE of Reita Saki, the S extremity of Te Shima. Nao Shima, about 2 miles WSW of Te Shima, rises to a 124m summit in its central part. Two chimneys, 236m and 98m high, of the refinery in the N part of the island, are conspicuous. Kashiwa Shima (Kasiwa Shima) lies close SE of Nao Shima; passage between the islands should be avoided due to a shoal, with a least depth of 3.8m, in the channel. Two large steel pylons, each painted red and white, for the overhead cables, with a vertical clearance of about 58m, running between Kojin Shima (Kozin Shima), on the W side of Nao Shima, to Inumodori Hana, about 1 mile farther W, are conspicuous.

DepthsLimitations.Bisan Seto East Traffic Route has a least depth of 14.9m at Taka Se, about 2 miles WSW of Jizo Saki; there are several places with depths of 18.3 to 18.9m, but otherwise the depths are over 20m. Bisan Seto North Traffic Route has depths of over 17.1m, except for a rock, with a depth of 9.2m, which lies about 0.2 mile ENE of Habushi Iwa (3420'N., 13343'E.); the bottom in several places is rock, with depths of 17.1 to 18.9m. Bisan Seto South Traffic Route has depths of 11.9 to 12.8m in its central part, and a least depth of 11.2m, about 0.3 mile SE of Takami Shima. There is a least depth of 14.9m in Mizushima Traffic Route, except for in the area W of Mitsugo Sashi (3422'N., 13349'E.), where there is a least depth of 13.4m. Sandwaves with depths of less than 10.1m have been reported in the most difficult part of Bisan Seto where the traffic routes intersect. Pilotage.Pilotage is compulsory in the above traffic routes for: 1. Vessels over 10,000 grt. 2. Foreign vessels carrying dangerous cargo as specified by the Maritime Traffic Safety Law. 3. All foreign vessels whose master is making their first voyage through the Naikai. See paragraph 6.1 for further information. Regulations.Vessels should maintain continuous contact with Bisan Seto Vessel Traffic Service Center on VHF channel 16 when navigating in the traffic routes, the approaches to the traffic routes and in the adjacent sea areas. Vessels shall not navigate at speeds exceeding 12 knots in certain areas indicated on the charts, except when a vessel is crossing the traffic route. Vessels may be instructed by the captain of the port to evacuate the port in the event of abnormal weather or marine conditions such as typhoons or marine accidents. There are certain areas indicated on the chart where vessels are prohibited from crossing the traffic route. See Pub. 120, Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) Pacific Ocean and Southeast Asia for regulations of the Maritime Traffic Safety Law.7.25 7.25 7.25 7.25 7.25 7.25 7.25 7.25 7.25 7.25

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7.27

7.27

7.27

Bisan Seto East Traffic Route

7.26 Bisan Seto East Traffic Route extends between Jizo Saki (3425'N., 13414'E.) and Ko-Sei Shima (3422'N., 13351'E.), N of Sakaide Ko. The traffic route is narrow and winding, with many fishing vessels, cross traffic of ferries, and heavy traffic. Vessels should not cross in the vicinity of the entrance and departure points of the traffic route. Vessels leaving the traffic route should not alter course in the vicinity of these points. Lighted buoys mark the traffic route. 7.27 AspectNorth side.Shodo Shima and Jizo Saki (3425'N., 13414'E.) have been previously described in para-

7.26

Ozuchi Shima (O-Zuti Shima) (3425'N., 13355'E.), a conical island, 171m high, is conspicuous about 4 miles WSW of Kashiwa Shima. Three chimneys, 196m, 172m, and 156m high, are also conspicuous at Hibi, about 2 miles N of Ozuchi Shima. Osono Se lies on a shoal area with depths of less than 20m, which extends from the W side of Kashiwa Shima to about 1.5 miles W of Ozuchi Shima. Osono Se lies between Uko East Traffic Route and Uko West Traffic Route. There are sand waves on Osono Se; lighted buoys mark the shoal. O-yo Shima (Koyo Shima), about 48m high, lies nearly 5 miles WSW of Ozuchi Shima. Kanadeno Asari, a rock, with a depth of 19.4m, lies about 1.3 miles E of the S end of O-yo Shima, near the center of the traffic route. A depth of 18.3m lies about 1.3 miles farther ENE, near the center of the traffic route. Between Ozuchi Shima and O-yo Shima there is an almost continual bank, with depths of less than 20m, and a least depth of 11.2m.7.27 7.27 7.27 7.27

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Sector 7. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Harima Nada and Bisan Seto

No Zaki (No Misaki), about 1.5 miles WSW of Kozuchi Shima, is a high headland, backed by several flat-topped hills, the N of which is 172m high and rather pointed. On the W side of the point there are the remains of conspicuous landslides in three places. Kosei Shima, about 3.5 miles WSW of No Zaki, is a pinecovered islet, 41m high. Regulations.Vessels navigating in Bisan Seto East Traffic Route should keep to the right side of the center of the route. Vessels navigating in Uko East Traffic Route must navigate in a N direction. Vessels navigating in Uko West Traffic Route must navigate in a S direction. Vessels navigating in Uko East Traffic Route and Uko West Traffic Route shall keep out of the way of a huge vessel (vessel of 200m or more in length), which is navigating in Bisan Seto East Traffic Route. Vessels, other than a huge vessel, shall keep out of the way of a huge vessel which intends to turn into Uko East Traffic Route from Bisan Seto East Traffic Route or which intends to turn into Bisan Seto Traffic Route from Uko West Traffic Route. A speed limit of 12 knots is in effect for vessels navigating in that part of Bisan Seto East Traffic Route located E of Usi-jima (3422'N., 13347'E.). See paragraph 7.25 for further vessel limitations in Bisan Seto East Traffic Route. Caution.Many small vessels keep close to the islands and headlands in the vicinity of Okado Hana, Jizo Saki and Ogi Shima. Ferries run between Uno and Takamatsu at a rate of about 1 every 10 minutes. At night, caution is necessary to avoid confusing the lights of other vessels and navigational aids. A large number of fishing vessels congregate between Jizo Saki and Ogi Shima, and may completely block the fairway; in addition, care is necessary as many of them do not show lights at night. There are boats operating with nets principally in the vicinity of Bisan Seto East Fairway Lighted Buoy 5 and Bisan Seto East Fairway Lighted Buoy 6. Between Ogi Shima and Ko-Zuchi Shima, there are many vessels operating using nets and making use of the tidal current; they congregate principally S of Osono Se. Some of the vessels are reported to show no lights or to show lights suddenly when approached by other vessels. Between Ko-Zuchi Shima and Kosei Shima there are many vessels operating using nets in the vicinity of Bisan Seto East Fairway Lighted Buoy No. 1. Suspension bridges cross the W part of Bisan Seto East Traffic Route and the E part of Bisan Seto South Traffic Route; both spans have a vertical clearance of 65m.7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29 7.29

7.28 AspectSouth side.Goken San (3421'N., 13409'E.), previously described in paragraph 7.2 with Harima Nada, has a conspicuous rocky summit, is the highest in the vicinity, and is conspicuous on the W side of Shido Wan. Ryuo San, 239m high, and Tomi Yama, 236m high, with a sharp peak, lie about 1.3 miles NNE and 1.5 miles N, respectively, of Goken San, near the N end of the peninsula. Taka Shima, 78m high to the tops of the trees, lies about 0.8 mile NE of the NE end of the peninsula; it is bordered by shoals. Yakuri Dashi, a bank with a least depth of 14.9m, lies about 1 mile NW of Taka Shima. Inagi Shima, about 2 miles WNW of Taka Shima, is 58m high to the tops of the trees, with a round summit on its E end; a light is shown from the SE end of the island. From the E or W, the island appears saddle-shaped. Okabuto Shima, about 0.5 mile farther NW, is round-topped and 77m high to the tops of the trees; an 11m high rock lies close N. Kanawa Iwa, about 0.15 mile NE of Okabuto Shima, consists of rocks drying 1.5m. A light is shown from the W drying rock. Kokabuto Shima, an islet, 42m high, lies about 0.2 mile S of Okabuto Shima. O Shima, about 1 mile SW of Okabuto Shima, has a low sandy isthmus in its central part. There are many shoals between Inagi Shima and O Shima. Yoko Se, with a least depth of 12.8m nearly 1 mile NW of Okabuto Shima, lies on the S side of the traffic route, with depths of less than 20m. There are sandwaves in the vicinity. Ya Shima, about 1 mile S of O Shima, is a roof-shaped peninsula, separated from the mainland S by a drying canal. The summit of the island is plateau-shaped, with a luxuriant growth of pine trees; a temple is on the 293m high summit and the lights of the restaurant close W of it are conspicuous from W to N. Aji Ko, a small shallow harbor protected by two breakwaters, one of which is detached, is situated in the NE corner of Ya Shima Wan. Another detached breakwater lies parallel to and 0.3 mile offshore SW of Aji Ko. A light is shown from its N head.7.28 7.28 7.28 7.28 7.28 7.28 7.28 7.28 7.28

7.29

7.29

7.29

7.29 Ogi Shima (3425'N., 13404'E.) lies about 2 miles WNW of O Shima, on the S side of Bisan Seto East Traffic Route. The island has two summits. The N summit is 213m high and flattopped, while the S summit is sharp pointed and lower. A light is shown from the N extremity of the island. A small harbor, protected by a detached breakwater, is situated on the SE side of the island. A bank, with depths of less than 20m, extends between Ogi Shima and Okabuto Shima. Doro Se, with a least depth of 4.6m, extends about 0.7 mile E of Ogi Shima. Naka Se, a sand bank, with a least depth of 0.6m, extends about 3 miles WSW from Ogi Shima, and is marked by a lighted buoy at its W end. A dangerous wreck lies close SE in position 3423'51"N, 13359'58"E. Ko-Zuchi Shima (Ko-Zuti Shima), about 7 miles WSW of Ogi Shima, lies on the S side of the fairway, and is conical, wooded, steep-to, and 112m high. A light is shown from the N end of the island. Atsusa Iwa, about 0.5 mile E of Kozuchi Shima, has a least depth of 3.4m. Osakino Hana lies close SE of Ko-Zuchi Shima. Kama Se, a long, narrow bank, with a least depth of 0.8m, lies between Osakino Hana and the S extremity of Megi Shima, about 5.5 miles ESE. Three lighted buoys, in the E half of the shoal, mark Takamatsu West Fairway. There are several sandwaves.

Bisan Seto (East Part)Honshu Coast

7.30 Ushimado Ko (3437'N., 13410'E.) was previously described in paragraph 7.20. Inushima Shoto (3434'N., 13406'E.), a group of islands, lies about 4 miles SW of Ushimado Ko. Inu Shima, the central and largest island, has many trees in its W half, and six conspicuous brick chimneys in its E half. A treeless islet, 25.9m high, lies close E of Inu Shima. Two islets, the highest 22.9m high to the treetops, lie off the SW end of7.30 7.30

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Sector 7. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Harima Nada and Bisan Seto

Inu Shima. Shira Ishi, at the E end of the group, is a group of white rocks, 2.1m high and marked by a light. A shoal, with depths of less than 4.9m and a least depth of 3.8m, extends about 0.4 mile E of Shira Ishi. Inno Shima, close NW of Inu Shima, is 39m high, with six conspicuous white chimneys. Nishino Sowai, a steep-to rock, with a depth of 2.8m, lies about 0.4 mile W of Inno Shima. Rocks, drying and awash, lie up to 0.1 mile off the N side of Inushima Shoto. Naga Su, a narrow sand bank with a least depth of 7.3m, extends about 2.8 miles WSW from the W end of Inushima Shoto.7.30 7.30

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I Shima; lighted buoys mark its E and W ends. Chiburi Shima (3432'N., 13410'E.), off the NW extremity of Shodo Shima, was previously described in paragraph 7.22 with that island. Desaki Uchi, entered W of De Saki, is obstructed by islets and shoals, and has irregular depths; it should not be entered without local knowledge. An area on the W side is being reclaimed and a quay is being constructed. 7.33 Kyonojoro Shima (3429'N., 13359'E.), about 1.5 miles SW of De Saki, is 84m high; both sides of the summit have been conspicuously cut away by quarrying and show a light brown color. A light is shown from the SE end of the island. A depth of 10.1m lies about 0.8 mile E of the island. Tsubune Shima, 76m high, lies about 0.5 mile SE of Kyonojoro Shima. Directions.The route from Ushimada Ko to Uno Ko, in addition to being the route for large vessels in and out of Uno Ko, is the route normally used by small vessels. In general, vessels proceed between I Shima and Ohura Shima, between Kyonojoro Shima and Tsubone Shima, between Nao Shima and Kazura Shima, and head for Shimotsui Seto. Ishima Suido (Isima Suido), a deep-water channel, lies between I Shima and Te Shima. Harima Nada North Lighted Buoy No. 2 (3431'N., 13402'E.) is moored at the N entrance, and Harima Nada North Lighted Buoy No. 1 (3428'N., 13402'E.) is moored at the S entrance. Uomi Yama, 103m high, with a sharp peak, is conspicuous near the W end of Te Shima. Rocks, with depths of less than 10.1m, and with a rock drying 1.2m, extend about 410m NW from Ko Saki, the NW extremity of Te Shima. An extensive shoal area, with depths of less than 10.1m, lies on SW side of Te Shima, and with its SW extremity about 1.5 miles S of the W extremity of the island; the part parallel with the coast of Te Shima, from which it is separated by a narrow channel, has depths of less than 4.9m and a least depth of 3.9m. Kurakake Hana, the S extremity of I Shima, is conical shaped, conspicuous from the NE, and has many cliffs in the area caused by quarrying; a light is shown from the point. Care is necessary to avoid Dango Se in the N approach to the channel. Two submarine power cables, marked by beacons on the shore, cross the fairway close to the N of Karakake Hana.

Okayama Suido7.31 Okayama Suido, about 2 miles WNW of Inushima Shoto, is entered between Kome Saki (3434'N., 13403'E.) and Kiriishi Hana, about 0.8 mile NE. Kome Saki is 63m high and marked by a light; Hachijo-Iwa Yama, 281m high, is about 1.3 miles W of the point and is the E summit of the mountains in the vicinity. Kiriishi Hana is 89m high, with a large cliff formed by stone quarrying. Caution.An overhead power cable, with a vertical clearance of 42m, spans Okayame Suido W of Kiriishi Hawa. A mud bank, with depths of less than 4.9m, extends nearly 0.8 mile from the W side of the entrance of Okayama Suido. Okayama Suido extends NW and W for about 5 miles to Okayamo Ko at its head, and has a navigable width of less than 0.2 mile in places. Yashii Kawa enters the N side of Okayama Suido, about 2 miles within the entrance, and Asahi Kawa enters Okayama Suido at Okayama Ko. Koshima Wan, close SW of Okayama Ko, has been formed into a fresh water lake by a dike. Okayama Suido Lighted Buoy No. 1 is moored about 0.8 mile ESE of Kome Saki, on the W side of the entrance channel. The channel is narrow, with depths of less than 4.9m on either side, and local knowledge is necessary. The N part of Okayama Suido, between Yashi Kawa and Asahi Kawa, is shoal and the channel lies on the S side, and is marked by buoys.7.31 7.31

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7.32 Okayama Ko (3436'N., 13359'E.) is a minor harbor. A wharf, on the E side of the mouth of Asahi Kawa, has depths of 3.5 to 4m alongside. A berth, 103m long, on the E side of the shipping pool, can accommodate a 3,000 grt vessel, in a depth of 5.5m. De Saki (3431'N., 13400'E.), about 4.5 miles SSW of Kome Saki, is the S extremity of a flat-topped peninsula; two radio towers and a beacon are on the point. An islet, 20m high, lies about 0.2 mile E of the point. Ohiru Shima, 27m high and marked by a light at the W end, lies about 0.5 mile E of De Saki; a pointed rock, 11.9m high, lies close N of Ohiru Shima. I Shima, about 0.3 mile S of Ohiru Shima, is marked by a light at its S end. Dango Yama, 157m high, lies in the middle of the island. Te Shima, nearly 1 mile E of I Shima, has a conspicuous peak, Abu Yama, 200m high at its N end; a cliff formed by quarrying lies on the E side of the peak. Dango Se, with depths of less than 10.1m and a least depth of 1.3m in its W part, lies N of Te Shima and extends about 4 miles ENE from a position about 1 mile E of the N extremity of7.32 7.32 7.32 7.32 7.32

Uno Ko (3429'N., 13357'E.)

World Port Index No. 61580 7.34 Uno Ko is a specified port lying on the W side of Katsurashima Suido. The city of Tamano, backing the harbor, is the center for traffic linking Honshu and Shikoku, and is an industrial city with waterfront industries such as shipbuilding. A railway ferry and scheduled shipping services run between Uno Ko and Takamatsu Ko; many eastbound and westbound vessels using Bisan Seto pass close to the harbor limits. A shipbuilding yard is situated on the SW side of the harbor. Hibi Ko, to be later described in paragraph 7.35, lies SW of Uno Ko, and is included within the harbor area of Uno Ko. WindsWeather.Several times between April and September there may be fog with a visibility of less than 0.15 mile; it can constitute an obstacle to shipping operations.7.34

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2. Quay No. 2 is about 45 m long with a depth alongside of 7m; vessels of up to 45,500 tons can be accommodated. 3. Quay No. 3 is 350m long with a depth alongside of 10.9m; vessels of up to 80,000 tons can be accommodated. 4. Quay No. 4 is 260m long with a depth alongside of 10m; vessels of up to 90,000 tons can be accommodated. 5. Quay No. 5 is 302m long with a depth alongside of 10m; vessels of up to 90,000 tons can be accommodated. Aspect.The large gray chimney of a refinery is conspicuous on top of a hill W of the harbor, and has an elevation of 156m. Two red and white chimneys, with elevations of 172 and 193m, are conspicuous about 0.2 mile S and E, respectively, of the gray chimneys. A red crane on Hibi Wharf is a good mark for approaching the wharf. The coast between Hibi Ko and Kusumi Bana (Kusumino Hana), about 5.5 miles WSW, is indented by a large bay which is obstructed by a number of shoal and drying mud banks. The small ports of Kotouro Ko and Ajino Ko lie at the head of the bay. Local knowledge is necessary for navigation within the bay. A number of fish havens exist up to 1.5 miles S of Kotouro Ko. Kusumi Bana is the N entrance point of the E entrance to Shimotsui Seto, which will be described in paragraph 7.49 with Mizushima Traffic Route. Tateba-jima (3427'N., 13351'E.), nearly 2 miles NE of Kusmi Bana, is conical, 54m high, thickly covered with pine, and conspicuous from the S. Jimba Shima, two rocks, 3.1m high, lie about 0.5 mile E of the N end of Tateba Shima. Naida Su, a drying mud bank, extends about 1 mile E from a point about 0.5 mile E of Tateba Shima. A mud bank, with depths of less than 4.9m and awash in its shallowest part at lowest LW, extends from about 1 mile S to SE of Tateba Shima; a lighted buoy marks its SW end. Two shoals, with depths of 3.1m, lie between the latter mud bank and the NE end of Kama Shima, about 1 mile WSW. Shido Wan (Sido Wan) is entered between O-gushi Saki (3422'N., 13413'E.) and Goken San Hanto, about 2 miles W. The head of the bay is divided into two shallow bays by a wellwooded peninsula, 100m high. Shido Ko and Mure Ko are two local ports on the S and W sides, respectively, of the W bay. A bank, with depths of 5.7 to 7m, mud, sand, and shell, lies in the middle of the entrance to Shido Wan. With the exception of the fairways to Shido Ko and Muro Ko, Shido Wan is occupied by seaweed (October to April), fish (May to January), and oyster cultivation grounds.7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35

TidesCurrents.In Katsurashima Suido, fronting Uno Ko, the tidal currents set S and N during the flood and ebb tide, respectively. The velocity of the current is about 2.5 knots at springs and 1.2 knots at neaps. DepthsLimitations.The piers in the N part of Uno Ko, which are marked by lighted ranges, are for the use of the ferries and hovercraft of the Japanese National Railway. Pier No. 3, about 0.3 mile farther SW, can accommodate a vessel up to 15,000 grt, in depths of about 9.5m. A floating drydock, in the SW part of the harbor, is 282m long with a depth of 17.1m; it can accommodate a vessel of 80,000 grt. There is also a drydock 209m long with a depth of 9.7m; it can accommodate a vessel of 27,700 grt. Reclamation is in progress in several areas. Aspect.Tera Shima (3428'N., 13359'E.), in a bay at the NW end of Nao Shima, is 84m high and marked by a light at its N end. Kyonojoro Shima, about 0.5 mile NNW, was previously described in paragraph 7.33. Three islets, bordered by reefs, lie on the N side of the fairway; the SE islet, 6.1m high and the SW islet, 28m high, lie about 0.4 mile N and 0.7 mile NW of Tera Shima. Torino Se, with a least depth of 11.5m, extends about 0.5 mile SW of the SE islet. Pier No. 3, about 0.7 mile W of the SW islet, has a conspicuous cliff close S and a gray chimney, 69m high, close N. Katsura Shima (Kazura Shima), W of the harbor, is 105m high and sparsely wooded; a light is shown from its SE end. Tobi Su, a drying rock, about 90m long N-S, lies about 0.2 mile W of the W end of Katsura Shima, and is marked by a light near its S end. Kojin Shima (Kozin Shima), about 0.5 mile S of Katsura Shima, is low, sparsely wooded, and 98m high in its W part. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of about 58m, and with red and white pylons at each end, extends between Kojin Shima and Inumodari Hana, about 0.8 mile W. The latter point is 69m high, a light is shown close off the point. Ushinoko Iwa, two rocks drying 0.2 and 0.7m, lie about 320m ENE from the SE extremity of Kojin Shima, and on the E side of the fairway; a light is shown from the NW end of Ushinoko Iwa. Manaiti Ishi, a drying rock, marked by a light, lies about 0.5 mile S of the SE extremity of Kojin Shima. Hokake Iwa, a rock, 1.7m high and marked by a beacon, lies about 0.3 mile farther SW. Signals.The harbormaster can be contacted by radiotelephone. Anchorage.Anchorage is prohibited in the area of the ferry piers. A submarine water pipe extends from the NW end of Nao Shima to the NW part of Uno Ko. Caution.An overhead cable, with a clearance of about 34m, extends across the fairway from the NE end of Kojin Shima to Nao Shima.7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34 7.34

Takamatsu Ko (3421'N., 13403'E.)

World Port Index No. 61940 7.36 Takamatsu Ko (Takamatu Ko), a specified harbor, fronts the city of Takamatsu (Takamatu). The harbor, the gateway to Shikoku, has the most frequent arrivals and departures of scheduled shipping services of all the harbors in the Naikai. In particular, there are vessels and car ferries running to Uno Ko on the Honshu side and scheduled passenger services to the Hanshin region, the Sanyo region, and the surrounding islands. There are also calls by scheduled passenger services running between the Hanshin (Osaka/Kobe) region and Kyushu. Shipping is frequently congested in the harbor entrance.

7.35 Hibi Ko (3427'N., 13356'E.) (World Port Index No. 61590), about 0.8 mile W of Uno Ko, is included within the harbor area of that harbor. DepthsLimitations.There are five quays in Hibi Ko available for floating shipyard and repair work as follows: 1. Quay No. 1 is 163m long with a depth alongside of 7m; vessels of up to 63,900 tons can be accommodated.7.35

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Takamatsu Ko Takamatsu Ko consists of an inner harbor, sheltered by a W, central, and E breakwater; two tanker piers, sheltered by a breakwater, N of the reclaimed land E of the E breakwater; a large wharf, E of the tanker pier; and a fishing harbor, about 1 mile W of the inner harbor. A detached breakwater lies NW of the tanker piers. Takamatsu Fairway, a statutory fairway, runs between the W and central breakwaters from the N, with a width of about 180 to 230m, and with depths of 7.9 to 10.1m.

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Central Wharf, on the S side of the inner harbor, can accommodate vessels of 3,000 dwt in depths of 6.5 to 7m on its N and W sides. Aspect.Nebutono Hana (3424'N., 13407'E.), the E entrance point of Yashima Wan (Yasima Wan), is 88m high to the treetops; a lighted buoy is moored off the point. Mae Se, a sand spit with depths of 4.3 to 6.3m, extends from the coast to about 0.5 mile NE of Nebutono Hana; there are normally tide rips at its outer end and the noise of the tidal current is very loud during the strongest period of the flood and when there is an E wind. Nagasaki Hana, the W entrance point of Yashima Wan, has a bare rock, 9.1m high, at its extremity. Yatake Shima, flat-topped and 22m high, lies about 1.5 miles N of Nagasaki Hana, off the NW side of O Shima. Noyama Dashi, with a depth of 7.6m, lies in the middle of the fairway W of O Shima, and about 0.5 mile NNW of Tatake Shima. A rock, with a depth of 7.7m, lies about 0.4 mile SW of Noyama Dashi, and a bank, with least depth of 8.4m, lies about 0.4 mile farther SSW. A pinnacle rock, with a depth of 4.9m, lies about 0.5 mile WSW of Tatake Shima. Rocky ledges, with a least depth of 2m, extend about 0.8 mile WSW from the SW end of O Shima. Megi Shima, about 2 miles W of O Shima, rises to an elevation of 217m in its SW part, and is marked by a light at its SW end. Masuno Mo, a sand spit with depths of 0.2 to 5.4m, and partially drying, extends SW from a position about 1.3 miles E of the N end of Mega Shima to the SW end of the same island. A fish haven is situated off the E coast of Megi Shima. Inagi Dashi, a bank with a least depth of 4m, and marked NE by a lighted buoy, lies about 0.8 mile SW of Nagasaki Hana; depths of less than 10.1m extend about 0.3 mile NE, and 0.8 mile SW of the bank. An isolated patch, with a depth of 7.9m, lies about 1 mile W of Nagasaki Hana. A chimney, 32m high, and a crane are conspicuous in the SE part of the large wharf. Floodlights of the Takamatsu Railway Station are conspicuous about 0.8 mile WSW of Central Wharf. Shiun Yama, 200m high, about 2 miles SSW of the head of the W breakwater, is a good mark when entering the harbor from the E. Naka Se and Kama Se, in the W entrance to the harbor, were previously described in paragraph 7.29 with Bisan Seto East Traffic Route. A lighted buoy is moored in the N entrance to Takamatsu Fairway. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory. Inland sea pilots are available at Wada-Misaki, Hesaki, or Sekisaki and harbor pilots are available at the anchorage from 1 hour before sunrise to 1 hour before sunset. The pilots can be contacted on VHF channels 16 and 12 (call sign: Takamatsu-ho-an). For further information, see paragraph 6.1. Regulations.Vessels intending to proceed inside Takamatsu Ko breakwaters should enter through the W entrance. Vessels should leave through the E entrance. However, vessels of over 1,000 grt may leave by the W entrance, provided they are equipped with lights which are able to make flashing signals. Pub. 159

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TidesCurrents.The mean tidal rise at Takamatsu is 2.3m at springs, and 1.8m at neaps. The tidal currents outside the breakwaters set nearly E and W, with a velocity of about 0.8 mile in Bisan Seto. DepthsLimitations.The W side of the large wharf has a berthing length of 370m, with depths of 9.5 to 10.1m alongside, and can accommodate vessels up to 10,000 dwt.

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the corner of the berth 0.2 mile ESE of Berth A. WindsWeather.The area is surrounded by mountains and islands, and the interior of the harbor is tranquil even in the winter monsoon winds; however, swells enter the harbor with strong N winds. The most common wind direction throughout the year is WSW, followed by SE. TidesCurrents.The mean tidal rise at Sakaide is 3.1m at springs, and 2.4m at neaps. The tidal currents within the harbor have become weak due to the reclamation work. DepthsLimitations.Mitsubishi Kasei Berth A, the NE berth on the SE side of Banno Su Hakuchi, has a berthing length of 275m, with a depth of 13m alongside, and can accommodate a vessel up to 40,000 grt. Berth B, close SW, has a berthing length of 200m, with a depth of 13m alongside, and can accommodate a vessel up to 30,000 dwt. There are least depths of 12.8m on the entrance range leading to the above-mentioned Berth A and Berth B. There are least depths of 12m in Banno Su Hakuchi, except near its head. Central PierBerth Information Wharf Central Pier No. 1 Central Pier No. 2 Central Pier No. 3 West Wharf East Canal Quay Zenno Quay Wharf A Wharf B Wharf C Wharf D7.37

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Vessels should keep to the starboard side of the fairway. Vessels leaving by the E entrance, except working boats and fishing boats of less than 10 grt, must not cross Takamatsu Fairway. When there is danger that vessels leaving by the W entrance may encounter other vessels in the vicinity of the N entrance to Takamatsu Fairway, such other vessels shall keep out of the path of vessels leaving by the W entrance. Signals.Communications regarding harbor operations can be made by radiotelephone with the harbormaster. Anchorage.Anchorage information is given in the accompanying table. Anchorage No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 Length 220m 250m 250m 200m Depth 11.0m 11.0m 10.5m 10.0m

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Directions.Takamatsu Ko is reached by the East Fairway, West Fairway, and Central Fairway. East Fairway, between Nebutono Hana and the islands NW, is the route normally used by small vessels and by scheduled shipping services from the Hanshin (Osaka/Kobe) area. West Fairway is the one normally used by the Uno to Takamatsu JNR ferries and other car ferries going to Takamatsu Ko from Uko West Fairway, and passing S of Megi Shima. Central Fairway from the N is between Megi Shima and O Shima, and is the route normally used by scheduled shipping services from the Tonosho Ko region, crossing Bisan Seto East Fairway to Takamatsu. Vessels coming from the E should pass W of Inaga Dashi and the dangers SW, keeping clear of Masuno Mo; to reach the N entrance to Takamatsu Fairway, approach with the center of Yatake Shima in range with the NW extremity of O Shima, bearing 043 astern. See paragraph 7.29 for special regulations for entering, crossing, and leaving that the Bisan Seto East Traffic Route.

Sakaide Ko (3420'N., 13351'E.)

World Port Index No. 62110 7.37 Sakaide Ko, a specified port, lies on the S side of the central part of Bisan Seto. The harbor fronts the city of Sakaide, an important manufacturing city, and an assembly and distribution point. The harbor consists of an inner harbor, sheltered N by reclaimed land extending to close S of the main route through Bisan Seto. Banno Su Hakuchi, a large basin, is entered from the N side of the reclaimed land, then extends SW. A shipyard lies on the W side of the inner harbor. The main harbor of Sakaide Ko is approached from a position between No Misaki (3423'N., 13354'E.) and a shoal, with a least depth of 7.8m, lying 0.75 mile E of Kosei Shima. An underwater intake pipeline extending 0.2 mile NW from the shore is situated at the SW extremity of Berth A. Its seaward end is marked by a lighted buoy. A light is shown from7.37 7.37

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Asia Joint Oil Company Berth No. 2, the NE berth on the NW side of Banno Su Hakuchi, can accommodate tankers of 75,000 dwt, a in depth of about 12.5m. Berth No. 5, nearly 0.5 mile farther SW, can accommodate vessels up to 75,000 dwt, in a depth of 12m. Asia Kyodo Sekiyu Berth No. 1, a dolphin berth, close W of the entrance to Banno Su Hakuchi and parallel to the seaward face of the reclaimed land, has a depth of 19.5m alongside and can accommodate vessels up to 100,000 dwt. A light is shown from the center of the berth and a light is shown and a fog signal sounded at each end. A drydock at Sakaide Ko is 450m long and 72m wide, with a depth of 9.2m, and can accommodate vessels up to 270,000 dwt. Central Pier is situated on the S side of the inner harbor, with the harbor office on its SE side. Aspect.Sei-jima (Seizima) (3421'N., 13351'E.), 112m high and well-wooded, lies at the NE end of the reclaimed area. Hijiri Iwa, 1.5m high, lies about 0.1 mile off the NW end of Sei-jima. Ko-Sei Shima, 41m high and covered by pine trees, lies about 0.8 mile N of Sei-jima. A light is shown from the N end of the island. Depths of less than 4.9m extend up to about

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135m off the N side of the island; a sand bank, with depths of less than 10.1m, extends about 0.8 mile E of the island. An oil refinery chimney, with an elevation of 158m, and numerous oil tanks are conspicuous on the N side of the reclaimed area. Lights, in line bearing 181.5, lead into Banno Su Hakuchi; the rear light is shown from a gray gas tank, 86m high. Lighted buoys are moored on each side of the entrance. Tsuno Yama, 187m high and conical, is conspicuous about 3 miles S of Sei-jima. Inno Yama, about 2 miles farther S, is 422m high and conspicuous from a distance. Shotsuji Yama, about 1 mile NW of Tsuno Yama, is 117m high and surmounted by a conspicuous building (tourist center) and two steel pylons. The large chimney of a salt company is conspicuous about 2 miles E of Sei-jima; it has an elevation of 120m and is painted red and white. Pilotage.Pilotage is compulsory for the Naikai area; those vessels entering or leaving the port are advised to retain a pilot on board. Pilots are available at the quarantine anchorage between 0700 and 1700 for vessels requiring pilot services. There is a liaison office of the Naikai Area Pilot Association at Sakaide. The pilots can be contacted on VHF channels 12 and 16 (call sign: Sakide-ho-an). Signals.A signal station, at the N end of Sei-jima, displays signals concerning vessels entering and leaving Banno Su Hakuchi, as well as signals concerning berthing facilities. Anchorage.The quarantine anchorage is centered about 1.8 miles E of Sei-jima. Permission to use this anchorage or any other in Sakaide Ko must be obtained from the Maritime Safety Agency at Takamatsu. Anchorage for vessels carrying dangerous cargo is designated by the harbor authorities in the harbor area SE of Sei-jima.7.37 7.37 7.37 7.37 7.37 7.37 7.37 7.37

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Bisan Seto North Traffic RouteAspect

7.39 Yo Shima (3423'N., 13349'E.), close to the intersection of Bisan Seto North Traffic Route and Mizushima Traffic Route, has a 72m high summit at its NW end; there are many red-colored cliffs resulting from quarrying operations. Mizushima Fairway-Yo Shima control station, a white building with a flagstaff, lies near the SW end of the island. O-yo Shima (Koyo Shima), 48m high, lies about 0.3 mile E of Yo Shima. Nabe Shima, close SE of Yo Shima, is a flat-topped islet, 22m high, marked by a light at its center. It is comparatively steep-to on its S side; there are drying and submerged rocks close off the E side of the island, the highest drying 2.6m. Due to the bridge piers of the Bisan Seto Bridge, Nabe Shima Light is obscured between the bearings 358 to 014. The observation platform on Washua Yama, 133m high, about 2.5 miles N of Yo Shima, is conspicuous. Ushingano Se (Usingano Se), a rock with a depth of 18.4m, lies on the S side of the fairway, about 0.4 mile S of Nabe Shima. Mitsugo Shima (Mitugo Shima), about 0.5 mile S of Nabe Shima, consists of three wooded rocky islets. The two N islets, from E or W, appear to be joined. The W islet of the two is 19m high, marked by a light, and has a wooded pointed rock close off its E side; the E islet is 14.9m high and somewhat smaller. The S island is 19m high to the treetops, with a low rock on its W side. The group is bordered by shoals extending up to 0.1 mile offshore. Mitsugo Sashi (Mitugo Sasi), steep-to on its N side and with a least depth of 4m, extends about 0.5 mile W of Mitsugo Shima. Mitsugo Shima and Mitsugo Sashi are marked by a number of lighted buoys. Inosakino Tsugai, a spit, with depths of less than 20m and about 0.1 to 0.3 mile wide, extends about 1.3 miles WNW from Mitsugo Sashi and has sandwaves in the vicinity. Its least depth of 10.1m lies in Mizushima Traffic Route, about 0.8 mile W of Mitsugo Shima Light, and is surrounded by depths of 11 to 14m. Within Bisan Seto North Traffic Route the depths are 17.1 to 20m. In addition, the tidal currents are strong and sand waves are liable to cause changes in depths in this area. 7.40 Hon Shima (3423'N., 13347'E.), nearly 1 mile W of Yo Shima, rises to Takamubo Yama, 200m high, in its N part, and to a 204m hill in its SW part. Kuro Hana lies at the S extremity of the island, and Kaburasaki Bana, a white, roundtopped rocky point, 39m high, is conspicuous at the SW end of the island. A lighted buoy is moored about 90m SE of Kuro Hana, and Kurohanano Iso (Kurobana-no-Iso), with a least depth of 18.6m, extends about 0.3 mile SSW of Kuro Hana. An overhead power cable, with a vertical clearance of 72m, crosses the North Traffic Route between the S end of Hon Shima and Ushi Shima. A light is shown on the head of a breakwater at Honshima Ko (3422.7'N., 13347.3'E.). Kasashima is a small harbor on the NE coast of Hon Shima, 0.8 mile N of Honshima Ko. It is protected by breakwaters, including a detached outer breakwater from which lights are shown at both ends. Ushi Shima, about 0.8 mile SE of Kuro Hana, has two summits. The NW summit is 95m high, with a steel pylon in the vicinity, and the SE summit is 111m high. A light is shown on the head of a breakwater, which extends N from the N extremiPub. 159

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Bisan Seto North Traffic Route and Bisan Seto South Traffic Route7.38 Bisan Seto North Traffic Route and Bisan Seto South Traffic Route, as established under Maritime Traffic Safety Law, lie between Ko Sei Shima, N of Sakaide Ko, and Mu Shima. Numerous islands of Shiwaku Shoto (Siwaku Syoto) border Bisan Seto North Fairway. Caution is necessary due to the many rocks and shoals, strong tidal currents, fishing boats, and heavy traffic. In the above traffic routes vessels must navigate in accordance with the regulations established by the Maritime Traffic Safety Law. Under these regulations, vessels must proceed W in Bisan Seto North Traffic Route and E in Bisan Seto South Traffic Route. Mizushima Traffic Route crosses or joins the above traffic routes in the E part, and many large vessels enter and leave Sakaide Ko and Mizushima Ko. Considerable caution is necessary and there are special regulations and signals. A bridge spans Bisan Seto from the S side of Honshu, near Kusomino Hana, to the N side of Shikoku, near Sakaide. There is a vertical clearance of 65m in both Bisan Seto North Traffic Route and Bisan Seto South Traffic Route.7.38 7.38 7.38

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ty of the island; from a distance, this light structure appears isolated and quite separated from the island. Okino Su, a sand spit with a least depth of 2.8m, extends about 2.5 miles WSW from a position about 0.2 mile SW of Ushi Shima. Farther W, depths of less than 10.1m extend to Takami Shima; on this bank lies Kojimadashi Se, two heads, with depths of 2.7 and 4.6m, and depths of less than 4.9m extending about 0.8 mile ENE of Takami Shima. Hiro Shima lies about 1.5 miles W of Hon Shima. Sono Su, between the two islands, has depths of less than 4.9m, and dries for about 1 mile in its central part. There are landslides on the S end and W coast of Hiro Shima caused by quarrying and timber cutting. Dondoro Yama, 312m high in the S part of Hiro Shima, has a precipice on its S side; a pointed peak, 207m high, farther W, is conspicuous from the SE to SW. Habushi Iwa (Habusi Iwa), a white rock, marked by a light, lies near the S limit of Bisan Seto North Traffic Route, S of Hiro Shima. A rock, with a depth of 9.2m, lies inside the traffic route, about 410m ENE of Habushi Iwa. Habushi Iwa Light, in line bearing 300 with the SW end of Hiro Shima, leads in depths of over 8.5m in the channel W of Okino Su.7.40 7.40 7.40 7.40

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7.41 Ko Shima (3420'N., 13339'E.), a wooded conical island, 154m high, lies about 2.5 miles WSW of Hiro Shima. Sanagi Shima, W of Ko Shima, is 249m high, with Kongo Hana, a steep cliffy point, about 18m high, at its S end. Kawara Su, a sandspit extending about 2.5 miles E of Sanagi Shima, has depths of less than 2m in many parts; it dries in places between Ko Shima and Hiro Shima. Depths of less than 10.1m extend about 1 mile off the SW end of Sanagi Shima. A wreck, with a depth of 10.1m, lies about 0.5 mile S of the S end of Sanagi Shima. Wrecks, with depths of 13.7m and 14.6m, lie nearly 2 miles SW and 1.8 miles WSW of the S end of Sanagi Shima. Takami Shima, about 1 mile SE of Ko Shima, borders the S side of Bisan Seto North Traffic Route. A light is shown on the NW extremity of the island. Ryuono Mori, 298m high, the summit of the island, lies in its SE part. A sandbank, with depths of less than 2m, lies between Takami Shima and Futaomote Shima. No. 3 Lighted Buoy is moored close SE of the shallowest part of this bank. A fish haven is situated 1.25 miles N of No. 3 Lighted Buoy. Futaomote Shima, about 2.5 miles WSW of Takami Shima, is an islet, 24m high, with two grassy summits. It lies between the W entrances of Bisan Seto North Traffic Route and Bisan Seto South Traffic Route. The islet is surrounded by drying and submerged rocks. A light is shown from drying rocks, about 0.3 mile NE of Futaomote Shima. 7.42 Mu Shima (3418'N., 13332'E.), about 4.5 miles WSW of Sanagi Shima, is 185m high, and marked by a light at its S end. It lies at the N end of the recommended route. A submarine cable runs from the NE point of Mu Shima to Manabe Shima, about 3.5 miles NE. Nezura Iwa, a rock, drying 1.7m and marked SE by a lighted buoy, lies about 0.8 mile W of the S end of Mu Shima. Habu Shima, 56m high to the tops of the trees, lies about 1 mile NNW of Mu Shima. Depths of less than 10.1m surround the island. Asa Se, with a least depth of 3.5m, lies about 0.2

Mu Shima Light mile NE of Habu Shima. Misaki Dashi, an isolated rock with a depth of 3.9m, lies about 1 mile NE of Habu Shima. O-Tobi Shima (O-Bi Shima), 152m high, lies about 1 mile NNW of Habu Shima; a depth of 10.1m lies about 0.2 mile off the SW side of the island. A sand bank, most of which dries, extends about 0.2 mile E of the island. Ko-Tibi Shima (Ko-Bi Shima), 80m high, lies about 0.5 mile ENE of O-Tobi Shima. The E part of the channel between the islands has depths of over 10.1m. Depths of less than 10.1m extend about 0.1 mile off the W side of Ko-Tibi Shima; a depth of 6.7m lies about 0.3 mile NNW of the island. Mi Saki lies about 2.5 miles SE of Mu Shima and is marked by a light at its W end. Heavily-wooded hills extend SE of the point, gradually rising to Shiunde San (Siunde San), the summit of the peninsula, about 2 miles ESE. The peak, 352m high, with an observation platform, is a bare mountain with a Mount Fuji shape, and appears as an island from the Kurushima Kaikyo area. Ogo Ishi, about 0.1 mile W of Mi Saki, consists of two rocks; the outer rock is 1.8m high, and the inner one is 4m high.

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Bisan Seto South Traffic RouteAspect

7.43 Awa Shima lies with its N extremity (3417'N., 13338'E.) nearly 1 mile S of Futaomote Shima. It has N, S, and E summits. Ashima Yama (Asima Yama), 181m high and conical, is the N summit. The S and highest summit is Shirono Yama (Zvo-no Yama), 222m high. In the traffic route between Awa Shima and Ushi Shima, about 5 miles ENE, there are, in general, dredged depths of 12.4m or more, except for a sand bank, with a least depth of 11.2m, about 410m SE of Takama Shima; Kojimadashi Se,7.43

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previously described in paragraph 7.40, and Okinu So border the N side of the traffic route, and an extensive bank, with depths of less than 10.1m, borders the S side of the traffic, between Tadotsu Ko and Marugame Ko. A sand bank, with a least depth of 1.2m, extends to 1.25 miles WSW of the SE end of Takami Shima. Okinonaka Se, a sand bank with two heads and with a least depth of 4.2m, lies about 1.5 miles E of the S end of Takami Shima; it is reported to move under the influence of the tidal current. Takamimae Se, with a depth of 8.2m, lies about 1 mile SE of Takami Shima.7.43 7.43 7.43

Tadotsu Ko (3417'N., 13345'E.)

7.46 Tadotsu Ko (Tadotu Ko), about 3 miles WSW of Marugame Ko, consists of an inner harbor which is protected by breakwaters; a light is shown at the head of each breakwater. Tadotsu Ko is bordered by large areas of reclaimed land E and W. It is an industrial harbor with a shipyard. DepthsLimitations.Jetties on the W side of the E reclaimed area have depths of 6 to 7m alongside. A wharf at the base of the inner harbor W breakwater has a berth, 105m long, with 6m alongside. A jetty on the W side of the W reclaimed area has depths of 7 to 10.1m alongside. Aspect.Ogi Yama, thickly wooded and 93m high, is conspicuous close inland of the inner harbor. Oil tanks are conspicuous on the W side of the W reclaimed area. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of about 59m, crosses the harbor 0.4 mile within the entrance. Directions.Ogi Yama, bearing 158, leads into the inner harbor.7.46 7.46 7.46 7.46

Bisan Seto North Traffic Route and Bisan Seto South Traffic RouteRegulations7.44 Vessels navigating in Bisan Seto North Traffic Route are to proceed in a W direction; vessels navigating in Bisan Seto South Traffic Route are to proceed in an E direction. Vessels leaving or entering a traffic route should not alter course in the vicinity of the entrance points. Vessels navigating in Mizushima Traffic Route should, as far as practicable, keep to the right of the center of the traffic route. Vessels, other than a huge vessel (vessels of 200m or more in length) and vessels engaged in fishing or other operations when navigating in Mizushima Traffic Route, shall keep out of the way of a vessel navigating in Bisan Seto North Traffic Route. Vessels, other than huge vessels, navigating in Bisan Seto North Traffic Route, shall keep out of the way of huge vessels navigating in Mizushima Traffic Route. At the intersection of a junction of a traffic route, all vessels should keep out of the way of a huge vessel navigating the traffic route. Fishing vessels navigating in Mizushima Traffic Route should keep out of the way of vessels proceeding W in Bisan Seto North Traffic Route. See paragraph 7.25 for further vessel limitations in Bisan Seto North Traffic Route and Bisan Seto South Traffic Route.7.44 7.44 7.44 7.44 7.44 7.44 7.44

Takuma Ko7.47 Takuma Ko (3415'N., 13340'E.), about 3 miles SW of Tadotsu Ko, is an open port, divided into two parts by a peninsula. Koya Hana, the NE extremity of the peninsula, is a white steep cliff, 65m high. The E part of the harbor is an industrial and timber harbor. With strong N winds, the handling of cargo in the roadstead is reported to be difficult. DepthsLimitations.Draft limitation in the channel is 11m at high tide. Takuma No. 1 Berth and Takuma No. 2 Berth have depths alongside of 5.5m and 7.5m, respectively. The length of Takuma No. 1 Berth is 90m; the length of Takuma No. 2 Berth is 130m. The wharves lie on the E face of the reclaimed land on the W side of Takuma Ura. There is also reclaimed land forming a basin on the E side of Takuma Ura. The anchorages for timber discharge can accommodate drafts of 8 to 11m; the three anchorages, designated A, B, and C, lie inside the harbor limit, W of Iwa Shima. Aspect.Range beacons are situated at the N end of a promontory on the S side of Takuma Ura. The beacons, in line bearing 166, lead through the fairway, marked by lighted buoys, in depths of at least 7.5m, to a position close NE of Takuma No. 1 Berth and Takuma No. 2 Berth. Shishi Shima (Sisi Shima), about 1 mile N of Koya Hana, is heavily wooded and 109m high. Shishinomosaki (Sisi-no-Mo Saki), with depths of less than 4.9m, extends about 1.8 miles ENE of Shishi Shima. Anchorage.The best anchorage around Awa Shima is on the S side of the island. Anchorage can be taken, in 5 to 10.1m; care should be taken to avoid Taishino Mo, a bank, with a least depth of 1.8m, in the entrance to the bay. Anchorage can be taken, in depths of 11 to 15m, as convenient, between this bay and the Shikoku coast. Anchorage can be taken by vessels with7.47 7.47 7.47 7.47 7.47

Marugame Ko (3418'N., 13347'E.)

World Port Index No. 62100 7.45 Marugame Ko lies about 4 miles SW of Sakaide Ko, S of Bisan Seto South Traffic Route. The harbor lies between Kami-ma Shima, a bowl-shaped islet, 36m high, and Shimo-ma Shima, an islet, 32m high, about 1.5 miles WSW. It is an industrial harbor, with a shipyard in its NW part.7.45

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DepthsLimitations.Dredged depths of 7.5m lead to the E side of the reclaimed area, where there are berths with depths of 7.5m alongside. The W side of the reclaimed land has dredged depths of 11m in the outer part, with a depth of 9m alongside berths on the W side of the reclaimed land. A drydock at the shipyard is 290m long and 57m wide, with a depth of 6.8m; it can accommodate vessels up to 80,000 grt. Aspect.A radar station, housing the Bisan Seto Traffic Advisory Service Center has been established (3418'N.,

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SE end. Washiu Zan, 133m high, lies about 0.8 mile WNW of Kusumi Bana; there is an observation platform, a hotel, and a tourist road on Washiu Zan. Exposed red-colored rocks, between the hill and the point, are good landmarks for Shimotsui Seto from the E. 7.50 Noji Shoto (Nozi Syoto) (3427'N., 13345'E.), close NW of Mizushima Traffic Route, consists of four islets, extending for about 1 mile in a NW direction from a position about 0.8 mile N of the N end of Mukuchi-jima. The islets, from SE to NW, respectively, are Kami-noji Shima, 33m high; Futo-noji Shima; Hoso-noji Shima; and Isaro-noji Shima. A rock, drying 0.9m, lies about 115m N of Isaro-noji Shima. The islets lie on the W side of the entrance to Mizushima Ko. Regulations.A speed limit of 12 knots is in effect for vessels navigating in Mizushima Traffic Route from the junction with Bisan Seto Traffic Route N to the harbor limit of Mizushima Ko. Pilotage.Pilotage is compulsory. Signals.Shapes or lights are shown from the signal station at the SW end of Yo Shima, and at Nishino Saki, on the N side of the W entrance to Shimotsui Seto. When signals cannot be made from the above signal stations, they will be shown from a vessel of the Maritime Safety Agency. Caution. Shoaling has been reported in the traffic route approaches; check the chart for depth changes.

a draft up to 9.2m, in depths of 10.1 to 11.8m, N of Koya Hana, within the harbor limit. Large vessels should approach the anchorage from the W, passing between the SW end of Awa Shima and the Shikoku coast SW.7.47

Mizushima Traffic Route

7.48 Mizushima Traffic Route (Mizusima Traffic Route), specified by the Maritime Safety Law, extends from Bisan Seto North Traffic Route and Bisan Seto South Traffic Route to Mizushima Ko. It is the route normally used by large tankers proceeding to and from Mizushima Ko. Caution is necessary, as many small vessels in Shimotsui Seto cross the traffic route; there are also strong tidal currents flowing E and W. Lighted buoys mark the traffic route.7.48 7.48

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7.49 Mitsugo Shima (3422'N., 13349'E.), Mitsugo Sashi, Yo Shima, and Nabe Shima have been previously described in paragraph 7.39. Kameyanna Hanana Asari (3423'N., 13348'E.), rocks, with depths of 3.6m and marked E by a lighted buoy, lie about 0.3 mile SE of the E extremity of Hon Shima. Wasa Shima, 32m high, and Ikuro Shima, 26m high and densely wooded, lie close NW and 0.75 mile N, respectively, of Yo Shima. A sandy shoal, with a least depth of 7.7m, and about 0.4 mile long N-S, lies about 0.4 mile W of Wasa Shima, close E of the traffic route. Hitsuishi-jima (Hituisi Shima), 78m high, lies about 0.3 mile N of Ikuro Shima. Besai Tsugai, a sand bank, with a least depth of 13.4m, lies W of Hitsuishi-jima. Bridges, with vertical clearances of 31m, connect Wasa Shima, Ikuro Shima, and Hitsuishi Shima. Fixed red and green lights mark the outer limits of the fairway under the bridge. Mukaekasa Shima, Naga Shima, and Mukuchi Shima, respectively, border the W side of Mizushima Traffic Route. A red-colored, pointed rock lies on the N side of Mukaekasa Shima. A rock, drying 3.1m, lies about 0.2 mile N of the E end of Naga Shima, and close W of the traffic route. Mukuchi Shima (Mukuti Shima) is 125m high in its S part and marked by a light at its NW end. Shimotsui Seto (Simotui Seto) intersects Mizushima Traffic Route from the E. The passage is deep and free of dangers, but the tidal currents exceed a velocity of 3 knots. Many small vessels use the passage, and vessels over 100 grt must show destination signals and give sound signals when entering, leaving, and crossing Mizushima Traffic Route. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 31m, spans Shimotsui Seto between the N end of Hitsuishi Shima and the mainland NNE. Bridge lights mark the center and outer limits of the fairway under the bridge. The W entrance of Shimotsui Seto lies between Mukuchi Shima and Nishino Saki, about 0.8 mile NE. The latter point is 55m high, with a conspicuous cliff. The E entrance to the passage lies between Kusumi Bana and Kama Shima (3425'N., 13350'E.), about 0.5 mile SE. Matsu Shima, 27m high, about 0.5 mile WNW of Kama Shima, lies on the S side of the passage. Kusumi Bana (Kusumi-no Hana) is marked by a light at its

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Mizushima Ko (3430'N., 13345'E.)

World Port Index No. 61595 7.51 Mizushima Ko (Mizusima Ko), a specified harbor, has been constructed on reclaimed land fronting the mouth of Takahashi Kawa. It is an industrial harbor developed in conjunction with the establishment of heavy industry zones. Tamashima Ko, included within the harbor area of Mizushima Ko, lies W of Takahashi Kawa and will be described later in paragraph 7.52.

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7.51

The climate is temperate and the sea in the harbor is generally calm; even during the winter monsoon, there is no problem in handling cargo in the harbor. It receives hardly any damage from typhoons and high tides. Fog sometimes occurs in spring, but it disperses in 2 to 3 hours and is no obstacle to navigation.

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The mean tidal rise at Mizushima is 3.3m at springs and 2.5m at neaps. The flood current flows NW, and the ebb current flows SE. The maximum tidal current within the harbor is about 1 to 1.5 knots.

DepthsLimitations7.51

The statutory fairway (Konai Passage), established by Maritime Traffic Safety Law, extends from Mizushima Traffic Route to the inner harbor; it is about 3 miles long, with depths

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of 14.7 to 23m. A shoal area, with depths of less than 10.1m, lies S of Katura Shima, on the E side of the fairway. There is a channel, with depths of over 10.1m and marked by buoys, E of the shoal area. The W side of the shoal area is steep-to, and care is necessary. Seto Wharf A, NE of Katsura Shima, has a berthing length of 285m, with a depth of 14m alongside, and can accommodate vessels up to 12.3m draft and 75,000 dwt. Nippon Oil and Energy No. 2 Oil Jetty, in the SW part of the inner harbor, has a depth of 17.2m alongside and can accommodate tankers up to 240,000 dwt, with a maximum draft of 16.5m. Tokyo Steel Wharf A, in the NE part of the inner harbor, has depths of 10 to 11m alongside, and can accommodate vessels up to 54,000 dwt, with a maximum draft of 11m. Nishi Nihon Grain Center, in the NW part of the inner harbor, has depths of 11.2m alongside, and can accommodate vessels up to 60,000 dwt, with a maximum draft of 11.5m. Mitsubishi Oil Jetty No. 6, on the W side of the inner harbor, has depths of 16.3m alongside, and can accommodate tankers up to 240,000 dwt, with a maximum draft of 16.5m. Kawasaki Steel Wharf, on the S side of the basin on the W side of the inner harbor, has depths of 17.1m alongside, and can accommodate vessels up to 200,000 dwt, with a maximum draft of 16m. Kawasaki Steel Wharf T, on the E side of the mouth of Takahashi Kawa, has depths of 10.9m alongside, and can accommodate vessels up to 30,000 dwt, with a maximum draft of 10.9m.7.51 7.51 7.51 7.51 7.51 7.51 7.51 7.51

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Communications regarding harbor operations may be made by radio or radiotelephone with the harbormaster. Navigation control signals for the harbor fairway are shown from the Mizushima Signal Station on Taka Shima. A liaison office of the Naikai Pilotage Area Pilots Association is situated at Mizushima.

Anchorage7.51

The quarantine anchorage lies W of Noji Shoto and has depths of 14.8 to 21m.

Tamashima Ko7.52 Tamashima Ko (3431'N., 13341'E.), W of Takahashi Kawa, is included within the harbor area of Mizushima Ko. The harbor area is shallow except for the dredged fairways, and reclamation work is underway. A power station is situated near the SW end of the reclaimed land. DepthsLimitations.A fairway, with depths of about 4.9m, extends N from a position about 1.5 miles N of ShimuMizu Shima to the power station. Another fairway, with depths of 5.5 to 6.5m, leads N from a position about 2 miles NW of Shimu-Mizu Shima to the heavy industry factory on the W side of the reclaimed land. Lighted buoys mark the fairways. The fairway into Tamashima Ko leads to Wharf No. 1, Wharf No. 2, and Wharf No. 3, which have depths from 4 to 5.6m alongside. Tamashima Harbor Island (3430'N., 13341'E.) is situated on reclaimed land E of the fairway. Wharf No. 6, with a depth of 10m alongside, lies at the NE section of this island. Aspect.Two chimneys, 233m and 173m high, and painted red and white, are conspicuous in the vicinity of the power station. The power station lies in the E part of the reclaimed land on the E side of the harbor. A fairway, marked on the E side by lighted buoys and on the W side by two lighted buoys, and with a least charted depth of 4.6m, leads to a basin on the S side of the power station. Hachiman Yama, 34m high, lies at the W entrance of the river on the W part of the inner harbor. Tamashima Light (3431'N., 13340'E.) lies close E of Hachiman Yama. Caution.The fairways are dredged and shoal abruptly on each side.7.52 7.52 7.52 7.52 7.52 7.52 7.52

Aspect7.51

Katsura Shima (Katura Shima) (3428'N., 13346'E.), 51m high, is conspicuous on the E side of the entrance to Mizushima Ko. Two gantry cranes, each 81m high and painted red and white, are conspicuous at a shipyard farther N. A signal station, painted white, stands on Taka Shima (Takasima), a hill, 59m high, farther N. A chimney, 166m high and painted red and white, is conspicuous on the E side of the inner harbor, about 3 miles NNW of Katsura Shima. Refineries with numerous chimneys are conspicuous on the E side of the main fairway. Noji Shoto was previously described in paragraph 7.50. Kami-Mizu Shima, 51m high, on which there are the ruins of a chimney, lies about 1.5 miles WNW of Isaro-noji Shima, the NW islet of Noji Shoto. Shimo-Mizu Shima (Simo-Mizu Shima), 58m high, lies about 0.8 mile W of Kami-Mizu Shima; its summit, covered with pine trees, appears black. Lighted buoys mark the channels and some of the basins.

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Islands and Channels Northwest of the West Part of Bisan Seto

7.53 Kurotsuchi Seto (3426'N., 13331'E.), Shiraishi Seto, Kitagi Seto, and other passages lie about 14 miles W of Shimotsui Seto; the W entrances of the passages lead into Kasaoka Wan and Bingo Nada. Small vessels westbound often take passage from Shimotsui Seto, passing S of Ajiro Shoto, to reach Shiraishi Seto; small vessels eastbound take the reverse route. In addition, some large vessels proceeding to or from Mizushima Ko pass between Noji Shoto and Mukuchi-jima, between Gantsuga Se and Tokudakino Ishi, then N of Te Shima, and then between Manabe Shima and Sanaga Shima. Mukuchi-jima (3425'N., 13346'E.) and Noji Shoto were described in paragraph 7.50 with the Mizushima Traffic Route.7.53

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Pilotage7.51

Pilotage is compulsory for vessels over 10,000 grt. The Harbor Pilot is available during daylight hours only, and boards vessels in the quarantine anchorage. The pilots can be contacted on VHF channels 12, and 14, and 16. For further information, see paragraph 6.1.

Signals

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is bordered by drying rocks; the S side of Kogochi Shima is shoal, but with depths of over 10.1m about 0.1 mile offshore. Okino-shira Ishi, a white rock, 7m high and marked by a light, lies about 0.3 mile SSW of Kogochi Shima. Kajikake, a rock, with less than 0.3m, lies about 0.2 mile SSW of Okinoshira Ishi. Caution.Kajikake is the most dangerous rock in this passage.7.55 7.55

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A sand bank, with depths of less than 10.1m, extends about 2 miles W of Mukuchi-jima; Mukuchi Se, the inner part, with depths of 1 to 4.9m, extends about 1 mile W of Mukuchi-jima. Gantsuga Se, with a least depth of 6.8m, lies close SW of the outer end of the sand bank. A lighted buoy is moored off the W end of the sand bank and N of Gantsuga Se. Ajiro Shoto (Aziro Syoto) (3427'N., 13342'E.), about 2.5 miles W of Noji Shoto, consists of four rocky islets. Chabin (Tyabin), the N islet, is 26m high with one pine tree. O-bishaku (O-Bisyaku), the SW islet, is 26m high with one pine tree. The middle and SE islets are bare. Okino Ishi, a rock with a depth of 4.5m, and Tokudakino Ishi, a rock, with a depth of 4.3m, lie about 0.8 mile ESE and 0.5 mile SE, respectively, of O-bishaku. A lighted buoy is moored between the two rocks. Shimo-mizu Shima, about 0.8 mile NNW of Ajiro Shoto, was previously described in paragraph 7.51 with Mizushima Ko. Shimono Ishi, rocks, with a depth of 4.5m, lie nearly 2 miles ESE of Shimo-mizu Shima. 7.54 Yori Shima (3428'N., 13336'E.), about 4.5 miles W of Shimo-mizu Shima, has two summits; the E and higher summit is 81m high, pine-covered, and conspicuous from a distance. Aosa Yama, 250m high, about 1 mile farther W, is also conspicuous from a distance. Kono Shima (3427'N., 13331'E.) is located about 3.5 miles WSW of Yori Shima. Its summit 302m high, surmounted by a TV tower, lies in the middle of the island and is a good landmark. Konashimasoto Ko, on the S side of Kono Shima, is a small harbor protected by breakwaters and a light is shown from the head of the W breakwater. There is a chemical factory on its shore. The chimney of the chemical factory, 53m high, is conspicuous. Several jetties and wharves, fronting the factory, have depths of 4.9 to 5.8m alongside. Anchorage.Large vessels anchor, in 10.1 to 28m, sand, mixed with clay, off the harbor. Strong SE and SW winds raise a sea. The flood tidal current flows W, and the ebb tidal current flows E, with a maximum velocity of about 1 knot.

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7.55 Taka Shima, about 1 mile S of Kono Shima, rises to an elevation of 77m in its NE part; a conspicuous shrine gateway stands on its summit. Sasude Shima, Moyaji Shima, and Inazumi Shima are islets which lie NE to SW, respectively, off the NW side of Taka Shima. Above-water rocks lie off the NW end of Sasude Shima. Overhead cables, with a vertical clearance of 25m, connect Mayaji Shima with Sasude Shima and Taka Shima. Kurotsuchi Seto (Kurotuti Seto), between Kono Shima and Taka Shima, is reduced to a navigable width of about 0.3 mile by Sasude Shima. The passage has depths of 12.8 to 32m, but there are depths of 7.6m in its E approach. Shiraishi Seto (Siraisi Seto), between Taka Shima and Shiraishi-jima (Siraisi Shima), is about 0.8 mile wide, with generally deep water, but the navigable width is reduced by islets and submerged rocks. Strong tidal currents run between Taka Shima and Kotaka Shima. Kotaka Shima, 41m high, lies about 0.2 mile SE of Taka Shima, and Kogochi Shima, 30m high, lies about 0.1 mile farther SE. Overhead cables, with a vertical clearance of about 22m, extend between the three islands. The E end of Kotaka Shima7.55 7.55 7.55

7.56 Hyakken Zowai, a rock marked by a light, lies about 0.3 mile SW of the SW end of Taka Shima; rocks extend to Tori Shima, 12m high, about 0.3 mile N. The NW coast of Shiraishi-jima has depths of more than 10.1m about 0.1 mile offshore. Tako Zowai, with a depth of less than 1.6m, lies in the SW approach to Shiraishi Seto, about 1 mile WSW of the NW end of Shiraishi-jima. Kanari-jima, 21m high, with a rock drying 0.2m close N, lies about 1.3 miles SW of the NW end of Shiraishi-jima. Rocks, with depths of 7.6m and 7.3m, lie between the above rock and islet. Kitagi Seto, between Shiraishi-jima and Kitagi Shima, close SE, has a least navigable width of about 0.2 mile and midchannel depths of 11.9 to 22m. Kitagishima Ko, protected by two breakwaters, lies at the head of the bight on the E side of Kitagi Shima. A light is shown on the head of the N breakwater. A fish haven is situated close to the N entrance point to this bight. Temporary anchorage, sheltered from W winds, can be obtained in the bight, in depths of about 8m, mud. A light is shown from the head of a breakwater which extends 0.15 mile N from a position midway along the NW shore of Kitagi Shima. A second light is shown from a breakwater head at Kanafuro Ko, in the NW part of Kitagi Shima. Tateishi Yama, 171m high, the summit of Shiraishi-jima, lies in the S part of the island. Tate Shima, a conical rock, 10.1m high, lies in the middle of the NE entrance to Kitagi Seto; several flat rocks extend about 0.1 mile NE of Tate Shima. Suzuki, with a depth of 6.4m, lies about 0.2 mile SW of Tate Shima. Kajiko Shima, 39m high, lies in the SW approach to Kitagi Seto, about 0.8 mile W of the W extremity of Kitagi Shima; a rock, drying 3.1m, lies about 0.2 mile N of Kajiko Shima. Inuno Kashiro, a rock, drying 0.3m, lies about 0.4 mile SE of Kajiko Shima. Yokobe Shima, 17.1m high, lies about 0.7 mile ESE of Kajiko Shima. Caution.An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of about 28m, crosses the narrows of Kitagi Seto.7.56 7.56 7.56 7.56 7.56 7.56 7.56 7.56 7.56

7.57 Kitagi Shima (3423'N., 13332'E.), is easily recognized by its red-colored rocks caused by quarrying, and rises to an elevation of 226m in its central part. The passage between Kitagi Shima and Manabe Shima has depths of 10.1 to 30m except for Oshimano Se, which has a depth of 8.9m and lies about 0.5 mile E of Shishi Saki A rock, with a depth of 3.7m, extends about 0.1 mile NW of Shishi Saki, the S entrance point of the bay on the E side of Kitagi Shima. O Shima 57m high, joined by a sandy isthmus to Ko Shima, 64m high, close S, lies in the E entrance, about 1 mile E of Shishi Saki. A reef, with a depth of 6.4m at its outer end, extends7.57 7.57 7.57

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about 0.2 mile NE of the NE end of O Shima. A reef, on which there is a rock, 3.5m high, extends about 0.1 mile SW of the SW end of Ko Shima. Modoka Shima, 29m high, lies about 0.2 mile E of Ko Shima. Manabe Shima, about 1 mile SE of Kitagi Shima, rises to Shiro Yama, 131m high, its summit, at its N end. There are two hills in its W part; the S hill is 126m high. The coasts of the island are mostly cliffy and comparatively steep-to. There is a small harbor, protected by a breakwater, at the head of a bight on the N coast of the island. A light is shown from the break7.57

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water head. Toi Shima, 39m high to the tops of the trees, lies in the middle of the W approach, about 0.8 mile W of the W end of Manabe Shima. Meota Iwa, a group of rocks, drying up to 1.5m, lies about 0.3 mile NE of Toi Shima, and is steep-to except on its S side. Foul ground, with a rock drying 3.8m at its outer end, extends about 0.1 mile ESE of Toi Shima. Ozowai, a rock with a depth of 5.9m, lies about 0.3 mile SSW of Toi Shima. A rock 3.1m high, lies close N of Toi Shima, to which it is joined by a reef.

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8.0

Additional chart coverage may be found in NGA/DLIS Catalog of Maps, Charts, and Related Products (Unlimited Distribution).

SECTOR 8 CHART INFORMATION

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SECTOR 8THE NAIKAI (INLAND SEA)EASTERN PART8.0

Plan.This sector first describes the passage through Bingo Nada and Hiuchi Nada, including Kurushima Kaikyo. The S part of Hiuchi Nada is then described. Fukuyama Ko and its approaches, in the N part of Bingo Nada, are then described. Finally, the passages and islands NW of Bingo Nada, including Mihara Seto, are described. The general sequence of each part is from E to W.

cinity of the fairway is 14.9m, about 5 miles WSW of the NW end of Takaikami-jima (3418'N., 13316'E.). The route branching off the main route between Mu Shima and Mi Saki, and extending W to Mihara Seto, in the NW part of Bingo Nada, has a depth of about 10.1m in the E entrance to Mihara Seto.8.2

General Remarks8.1 The recommended route through the Naikai, from between Mu Shima (3418'N., 13332'E.) and Mi Shima to Kurushima Traffic Route, about 28 miles WSW, is marked by lighted buoys. Bingo Nada and Hiuchi Nada lie in the N and S parts, respectively, of this portion, and are separated from each other by a chain of islets. Kurushima Traffic Route then connects Hiuchi Nada with Aki Nada. Special regulations as prescribed by the Maritime Traffic Safety Law are in force in Kurushima Kaikyo Traffic Route. See Pub. 120 Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) Pacific Ocean and Southeast Asia, and the graphic with the description of Kurushima Kaikyo Traffic Route in paragraph 8.11. Mihara Seto and other channels lie between the NW part of Bingo Nada and the NE part of Aki Nada. TidesCurrents.Within Bingo Nada and Hiuchi Nada, there is a confluence of the E and W tidal currents which follows the inflow of the tide from Kii Suido and Bungo Suido. Furthermore, within this area, the currents divide and set to the E and W. The positions of this confluence, and also those at which the currents divide, vary with the accompanying changes in times of HW and LW. With the exception of the passages between the islands and islets, the currents are weak from day to day. There is a marked difference in their directions and velocities. In the narrow channels of Mihara Seto, the tidal currents are strong, with some tide rips and eddies. The flood current flows E, and the ebb current W. In the lee of the islands there are countercurrents, generally weak with unsettled directions. In Mekari Seto, Aogi Seto, and Oge Seto, the maximum velocities are 4.4, 5.6, and 3.6 knots, respectively. The tidal current in Haguri Seto has a mean velocity of about 5 knots, and a maximum velocity of 7 knots. Slack water occurs 1 hour after HW and LW and lasts for about 1 hour. The tidal currents in Miyanokubo Seto are strong, attaining velocities of 9 knots at springs.

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Takaikami-jima Light 8.3 North side of route.Mu Shima, the islands NW of Mu Shima, and Nezura Iwa, W of the island, have been previously described in paragraph 7.42. Hassyomaki and an isolated group of rocks, with a depth of 14.7m, lie about 1.7 miles SW of Mu Shima. Uji Shima (3419'N., 13328'E.), nearly 3 miles W of Mu Shima, has a 188m high summit at its E end. Hyakkan-jima (3418'N., 13317'E.), off the E entrance to Mihara Seto, is a conical island, 71m high, marked by a light on its summit; the coast has generally steep cliffs. Toyo Shima, about 4 miles S of Hyakkan-jima, and on the N side of the recommended route, has 2 summits; the W and higher is 109m. Yuge Shima, about 2 miles NW of Toyo Shima, consists of two parts joined by a low isthmus. The N part is mountainous, with three peaks, and Mi Yama, 326m high, the N peak is the summit of the island. Kushi Yama, in the S part, is 199m high and conical.8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3

Sector 8. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Eastern Part

and near the central turning point. It slopes gradually N and S, but drops steeply on its E and W sides. The summit of the island, 258m high, is conspicuous from a distance. A light is shown from the N slope of the island, and pine trees mark the NE end of the island. A racon transmits from the lighted tower. Depths of less than 10.1m extend up to 0.5 mile E and W of the island. Submarine power cables link the islands Takaikami-jima Toyo, Yuge, and Uo-jima. Hiuchi Deitai, a mud bank with depths of less than 20m, extends from S of Takaikami-jima to the NE end of O Shima. There is a least depth of 15m near the recommended track. Kaji Shima (Kazi Shima), about 6.5 miles SW of Takaikamijima, is a round-topped island, 79m high, and covered with bamboo grass. A reef extends about 0.1 mile S of the island. Shisaka-jima is the collective name for four islets, about 1 mile E of Kaji Shima. Ieno Shima (Iye Shima), the middle island, is joined by reclaimed land to Mino Shima, close S. The chimney of a former refinery, 110m high on Ieno Shima, is conspicuous from a distance. Nezumi-jima, 49m high, lies close W of Ieno Shima. Myojin-jima, 88m high and covered with bamboo grass, lies about 0.3 mile N of Ieno Shima. Shoals, with depths of 8.7 and 10.8m, lie about 185m and 348m NW, respectively, of Nezumi Shima; a group of rocks, some drying, extends about 0.1 mile SE of the same island. Bandai Iso, a steep-to rock, with a depth of 0.3m, lies about 0.8 mile ESE of Mino Shima. About 0.2 mile farther ENE, there is a rock, with a depth of 1.3m, with another rock close E, with a depth of 4.7m. A lighted buoy is moored S of the above rocks. Okino Se, a steep-to rock, with a depth of 5.8m, lies 2.75 miles N of Higi Shima. A light is shown from a round concrete structure on Okino Se. A long narrow shoal, with depths of less than 20m and a least depth of 14.4m, extends about 1.3 miles SSW from a position about 3.5 miles WSW of Kaji Shima. Caution.Fishing nets are positioned between April and June (it is reported times can vary), as follows: 1. About 2.3 miles SW from Uji Shima. 2. About 2.5 miles SW from Hashiri Jimi. 3. In the area 2 miles E of Hyakkan-jima (length about 2 miles). 4. In the area 2.5 miles NE of Hyakkan-jima (length about 2.3 miles). 5. In the area 2 miles NE of Toyo Shima (length about 2.3 miles). The nets NE of Hyakkan-jima and SW of Uji Shima cross the fairway. The nets are indicated by buoys with flashing lights and small flags, but are reported to be difficult to see when a strong tidal current is running. Fishing vessels infrequently congregate in the vicinity of Takaikami Shima, spreading E and W over a large area, and when there is a wind they operate in pairs to tow their nets, and some may run across the fairway at considerable speed. The area W of Mi Saki and the area in the vicinity of Ibuki Shima and Marugami-jima may have large numbers of fishing boats operating in them.8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4

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8.3

Sa Shima, close SW of Yuge Shima, has hills alternately covered with small trees, and others with exposed granite. Its summit, 123m high, is near the middle of the island. Hakata-jima, about 2 miles SW of Sa Shima, has a conspicuous summit, Hoko San, 304m high, near its center. O Shima lies on the N side of the E entrance to Kurushima Kaikyo. Nembutsu Yama (Nenbutu Yama), its summit 382m high, lies in the N part of the island. Todai Yama, 234m high, with Takatori Yama, 253m high, with a wooded peak, lie in the NE part of the island. Tate Yama, 231m high, lies near the SW end of the island. Kiro Yama, 308m high, lies about 0.8 mile ENE of Tate Yama. All are conspicuous bare mountains. Kamagi Shima, 22m high and bordered by rocks, lies about 1 mile SE of Todai Hana, the NE extremity of O Shima; a rock, with a depth of 0.9m, lies about 320m NE of Kamagi Shima. Yoko Shima, 41m high, lies about 0.8 mile SW of Kamagi Shima. A rock, with a depth of 10.1m, lies about 0.3 mile SSW of Yoko Shima; Kamo Sho, a group of rocks, drying 2.4m, lies about 0.8 mile WSW of Yoko Shima.

8.4 South side of route.Ibuki-jima (3408'N., 13332'E.), about 8 miles SSW of Mi Saki, is 122m high; it is low and flat in its E part, while its W half is high. The village in its central part is conspicuous from a distance. A light is shown from a round concrete tower standing on Aka Saki, the S extremity of the island. A lighted buoy is situated 0.2 mile W of Aka Saki. A power cable, several telephone cables and a water pipeline, all on the seabed, are laid from the E side of Ibuki Shima E to the mainland shore. A fishing village is situated in the middle of Ibuki Shima, and a basin protected by Kitaura Breakwater lies on the N side of the island. A detached outer breakwater, marked by a light, located N of the harbor entrance. Marugami-jima, nearly 4 miles WNW of Ibuki-jima, is 83m high, and heavily wooded on its N side. It is uninhabited except during the fishing season. Ongo Iwa, drying 4m, lies about 0.3 mile ESE of Marugami-jima. Mata-jima, about 4 miles WSW of Ibuki-jima, has two summits; the S and higher summit is 56m high, and is a flat area of cultivated land. The N and S ends of Mata-jima are densely wooded. Komata Shima, 37m high to the tops of the trees, lies about 0.3 mile SE of Mata-jima, to which it is joined by a reef. Eno Shima, about 4.5 miles WNW of Marugami-jima, is 131m high; its N end is low, but the W side is steep and treeless. An islet, 17.1m high, lies close off its S end, and Yoshido Iso, a rock, with a depth of 1.3m, and steep-to, lies about 0.3 mile SE of the small islet. Uo-jima, about 1.5 miles W of Eno Shima, has three summits. The central peak, 170m high, is the summit of the island, rather flat and cultivated. The E peak is rounded while the W peak has a sharp summit. Hyotan Shima, an islet, 59m high, with conspicuous pine trees on its summit, lies about 410m S of Uo-jima; there is a least depth of 2.1m between the island and islet. There is a small harbor protected by breakwaters within the small bay on the N side of Uo-jima. Lights are shown from each breakwater head. Takaikami-jima (3411'N., 13316'E.), about 1.5 miles WNW of Uo-jima, lies on the S side of the recommended route8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4

Kurushima Kaikyo8.5 Kurushima Kaikyo (3407'N., 13300'E.) is an important strait joining Hiuchi Nada to Aki Nada. There are four

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channels through the strait, but they are all narrow and winding, with a poor forward view; the tidal currents are strong and complex. There is considerable traffic in Kurushima Kaikyo and its approaches. Passage through the strait should not be made at the time of the strongest tidal current or in poor visibility.

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DepthsLimitationsThe least depth in the central part of Kurushima Kaikyo is 18.4m at the N entrance to Naka Suido, with deep water elsewhere. There are many shoals and submerged rocks around Uma Shima and along the coast of Shikoku; there are frequent marine accidents due to groundings, etc.

WindsWeather8.5

8.5

The average wind velocity throughout the year is about 11.5 knots, but due to the topography of the straight there are frequent W and N winds in the vicinity of the W entrance, but rarely S winds in the vicinity of the E entrance. During the winter monsoon winds and when a depression is transiting the Sea of Japan, the W wind strengthens and has on occasion exceeded a maximum velocity of 58 knots. Fog on a monthly basis is concentrated from April to June, but is more frequent in Bingo Nada than in the vicinity of the W entrance. The generation of fog occurs in the later half of the night and is most frequent 4 to 6 hours before sunrise. The tendency is for the fog to disperse by about 1100. Its duration is relatively short in summer, but frequently 6 to 12 hours in spring.

RegulationsPre-Entry Reports.The following vessels must notify Kurushima MARTIS of a vessels ETA by noon local time of the day prior to the date of entering Kurushima Strait traffic scheme. Notification may be made by telephone, MF, VHF, or facsimile. 1. Huge vesselsvessels with a length of 200m and over. 2. Vessels of 160m and over. 3. Vessels of 25,000 grt and more carrying liquefied gas. 4. Vessels engaged in towing or pushing with a total surface length of 100m or more. Pre-Entry Reports should include the following information: 1. Vessel name, call sign, grt, and loa. 2. Draft. 3. Section of the traffic route the vessel intends to navigate. a. ETA at the entrance to the traffic scheme. b. ETD from the traffic scheme. 4. Vessels contact information. 5. Port of destination. 6. Type and quantity of dangerous goods if carried. 7. Length between the bow of the towing vessel and the stern of the towed vessel, or between the front of the pushed vessel and the stern of the pushing vessel. Changes to the information provided to Kurushima MARTIS should be reported 3 hours prior to entry of the traffic route. Changes occurring within 3 hours of traffic route entry should be reported immediately. The following vessels, except those listed previously, intending to navigate the Kurushima Strait traffic route are required to report to Kurushima MARTIS 3 hours prior to entering the traffic scheme. 1. Vessels of 300 gross tons and over carrying quantities of powder as specified in the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Act on Maritime Traffic Safety. 2. Vessels of 1,000 gross tons and over carrying inflammable high pressure gas in bulk. 3. Vessels of 1,000 gross tons and over carrying inflammable liquid in bulk. 4. Vessels of 300 gross tons and over carrying 200 tons or more of organic peroxide. Reports should include the following information: 1. Vessel name, call sign, grt, and loa. 2. Section of the traffic route the vessel intends to navigate. a. ETA at the entrance to the traffic scheme. b. ETD from the traffic scheme. 3. Vessels contact information.8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5

TidesCurrents8.5

8.5

The tidal currents in the narrow channels of Kurushima Kaikyo are very strong and extraordinarily complex, causing tide rips and whirlpools in places. In addition, there are areas of countercurrents in the lee of islands, etc., but generally the rate of the current is weak and the direction variable. The general condition of the various channels is, as follows: 1. On the center line of Naka Suido, the S current (N current) flows from about 1 hour 20 minutes after LW (HW) at Hashihama, until about 1 hour 20 minutes after HW (LW). The maximum velocity is attained close downstream of the narrowest part of the channel for both N and S currents, and the maximum velocity may exceed 10 knots. 2. In the central part of Nishi Suido the turn of the tidal current is about 20 minutes later than in the Naka Suido. The area of the strongest velocity of the S current is almost on the center line of the channel, and for the N current in the area of the line from the SW end of Uma Shima to the NE end of Ko Shima. The velocity is about the same as that of Naka Suido. In addition, when there is a N current, it sets down hard on Ko Shima except during its final period. 3. The turn of the tide in the central part of Higashi Suido is almost simultaneous with that in the central part of Naka Suido, but the maximum velocity is about 0.5 times the maximum velocity in Naka Suido. 4. In the channel between Ko Shima and Kuru Shima the turn of the tide is about 15 minutes earlier than in Naka Suido. When there is a NW current, it sets down strongly on Kuru Shima. The NW current is stronger than the SE current, and the maximum velocities are 0.75 and 0.5 times, respectively, of the maximum velocity in Naka Suido. Information about tidal currents in Kurushima Kaikyo can be found at http://www6.kaiho.mlit.go.jp/kurushima.

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Kurushima Kaikyo Traffic Route and No Passing Zone

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4. Port of destination. 5. Type and quantity of dangerous goods if carried. Steering and Sailing Rules.The following navigation rules apply to vessels transiting the Kurushima Kaikyo traffic route: 1. Prohibited Overtaking.Vessels should not overtake other vessels in the no-passing zone. This rule excludes vessels engaged in fishing, vessels engaged in construction work, vessels navigating a low speed to perform urgent service, and vessels unable to maintain a ground speed of 4 knots. The prohibited overtaking rule shall not apply to vessels which must depart from this rule to avoid immediate danger. 2. Minimum Speed.Vessels navigating against the tidal current must maintain a minimum speed of 4 knots over the speed of the tidal current. Vessels unable to maintain this minimum speed will be instructed to wait off the traffic route. 3. Mandatory Reports.Vessels intending to navigate the traffic route within an hour of a change of current direction must report the following to the Traffic Advisory Service Center (TASC) upon passing the reporting line: a. Vessel name. b. Means of communication with JCG. c. Vessel speed. d. ETA at the traffic route. 4. Alternate Channels.Vessels may be required to navigate channels other than Kurushima Kaikyo in accordance with the direction of the tidal current. Vessels will be advised by the Japan Coast Guard (JCG). Vessels of 50m and greater in length and vessels engaged in towing or pushing should report to Kurushima MARTIS on VHF channel 13 or 16 when crossing any of the reporting lines listed in the table titled Kurushima KaikyoReporting Lines. Vessels equipped with accurate AIS may omit sending position reports by VHF, however a continuous watch on VHF channels 13 and 16 is obligatory. Kurushima KaikyoReporting Lines Name of Reporting Abbreviation Description Lines Kurushima A line bearing 325 Kaikyo East EN from Kaji Shima to Entrance N the coast at O Shima Kurushima A line bearing 218 Kaikyo East ES from Kaji Shima to Entrance S the coast of Shikoku A line bearing 120 from Ohama Signal Imabari KI Station to position 3404'N, 13302'E then 189 to the coast A line drawn from Osumi Hana to O Hashihama KH Shima East Light then 199 to the coast

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Kurushima KaikyoReporting Lines Name of Reporting Abbreviation Description Lines A line bearing 250 from Osumi Hana to Namikata KS position 3408'N, 13254'E then 205 to the shore A line bearing160 from the coast at Kurushima position 3411'N, Kaikyo 13258'E to the signal KE North station on Tsu Shima Entrance E then 141 to the coast of O Shima A line bearing 075 Kurushima from Osaki-Shimo Kaikyo Shima to Ago-noKN North Hana Light then 075 Entrance W to Omi Shima A line bearing 000 Kurushima from the E end of Kaikyo West WN Itsuki Shima to the Entrance N coast at Osaki-Shimo Shima A line connecting the Kurushima E end of Itsuki Shima Kaikyo West WS and Kajitori Hana Entrance S Light

Vessel Traffic Service

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Kurushima Kaikyo Vessel Traffic Service (VTS). Vessels of 50m in length or more are required to maintain continuous contact with Kurushima MARTIS on VHF channels 16 and 13 when navigating in the traffic routes, the approaches to the traffic routes, and the adjacent sea areas. The following ports lie within the Kurushima Kaikyo Traffic Advisory Service area: 1. Imabari. 2. Kikuma. 3. Kikuma Oil Terminal. 4. Namikata.

SignalsThe tidal signals refer to the tidal current in Naka Suido, W of Nakato-jima. For additional information, see the Kurushima Kaikyo Traffic Route graphic in paragraph 8.11. The tidal stations are, as follows: 1. At the Nagaseno Hana Tidal Signal Station and the Osumi Hana Tidal Signal Station, the signals are shown continuously, day and night, by a white isophase light every 4 seconds. The signals consist of letters, numerals, and arrow symbols, as follows: a. The letter N or SThe direction of the current. b. A numeral from 0 to 9The velocity of the current. Pub. 159

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Sector 8. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Eastern Part

projection forming the N side of Obe Wan. There are seven oil berths, the main jetty having a depth of 20m and can accommodate vessels of up to 125,000 dwt. Tugs of up to 3500 horsepower are available for berthing/unberthing, which is undertaken in daylight hours only. Aspect.O Shima, at the E entrance, was previously described in paragraph 8.3. Nagaseno Hana (3406'N., 13302'E.), a cliffy headland, lies at the SE end of O Shima. There is a tidal signal station on the headland.8.6

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c. An arrow pointing vertically upAn increasing current. d. An arrow pointing downA decreasing current. e. The letter X is shown during the last period of the current from about 20 minutes before slack water to about 20 minutes after slack water. 2. At the Nakato-jima Tidal Signal Station, the signals are made, by day, with a white beam having a red disc at one end and a black rectangle at the other, pivoted at the head of a white post at an elevation of 37m; the night signals are made by a light shown from the station. The positions of the day signal, the characteristics of the light for the night signal, and their meaning are given in the accompanying table. 3. At the Ohama Tidal Signal Station and the Tsu Shima Tidal Signal Station, the following tidal current signals are shown day and night: a. Green flashing light every 10 secondsSouth current. b. Green group flashing light, three flashes every 20 secondsThe last period of the S current. c. Red flashing light every 10 secondsNorth current. d. Red group flashing light, three flashes every 10 secondsLast period of the N current. There is an indicator light, showing a fixed yellow and red light, at the Ohama Tidal Signal Station, the Nakato-jima Tidal Signal Station, and the Tsu Shima Tidal Signal Station. The Ohama Tidal Signal Station (3405'N., 13300'E.) lies near the N harbor limit of Imabari Ko. Chikami Yama (Tikami Yama) rises to an elevation of 244m, about 1 mile WSW of the signal station. Karako Yama, 105m high, an isolated hill resembling Mount Fuji, is conspicuous about 4.3 miles SSE of the signal station. The Ohama Tidal Signal Station also broadcasts continuously on 1,665 kHz, identification signal NT. Signals broadcast the period and direction of the tidal current in Naka Suido are, as follows: 1. SThe period of the S current. 2. LSLast period of the S current. 3. NThe period of the N current. 4. LNLast period of the N current. 5. RInformation not available. 8.6 Namikata Oil Terminal (3407.1'N., 13254.6'E.) lies 2 miles SW of Osumi Bana, on the N coast of the

Kozo Iso, drying rocks, with a small rock, 2m high, near its center, extend to about 410m SSW of Nagaseno Hana. Tide rips occur S of Kozo Iso.

Nagaseno Hana Light

8.6

Ryujin To (Ryuzin Shima), a small rock, marked by a light, lies W of Kozo Iso, and about 0.4 mile SW of Nagaseno Hana. A rock, drying 0.2m, and a depth of 3.2m, lie close S and 137m S, respectively, of Ryujin To.

Nakato-jima Tidal Signal StationTidal Signals Meaning The period of the S current Last period of S current The period of the N current. Last period of the N current Day signal Black rectangular shape upward, beam inclined at an angle of about 30 from the vertical Black rectangular shape upward, beam inclined at an angle of about 70 from the vertical Red disc upward, beam inclined at an angle of about 30 from the vertical Red disc upward, beam inclined at an angle of about 70 from the vertical Night signal Flashing green light every 3 seconds Group flashing green light, three flashes every 8 seconds Flashing red light every 3 seconds Group flashing red light, three flashes every 8 seconds

A rock, with a depth of 17.1m, lies about 2.8 miles ENE of Ryujin To, with depths of less than 20.1m extending about 0.3 mile NW and SE, respectively, from it. Okino Se and the bank SSW were previously described in paragraph 8.4. Hiki Shima (Higi Shima) (3403'N., 13306'E.), a flattopped island, 58m high, and marked by a light on its summit, lies about 4.3 miles SE of Ryujin To. There is a line of three islets on the W side of the island; Ko-hiki Shima (Ko-Higi Shima) lies close ENE of the island. Hiki Shima and Ko-hiki Shima are surrounded by shoals, and a depth of 3.4m lies nearly 0.2 mile SSE of Ko-higi Shima. Ajika Iwa (Asiko Iso), a rock drying 2.3m, lies about 1 mile ENE of Ko-higi Shima; it is marked by a beacon and a lighted buoy on its NE side. Aino Ishi, drying 0.5m, lies about 0.2 mile SW of Ajika Iwa. Shitano Ishi, a rock with a depth of 0.9m, lies about 0.3 mile farther WSW; a depth of 4.3m lies about 0.1 mile SE of Shitano Ishi. Rocks, with depths of 13.6 and 17.1m, lie about 0.5 mile SSE and 0.4 mile SW, respectively, of Ajika Iwo. Heichi Shima (Heiti Shima), about 2 miles S of Hiki Shima, has a flat summit, 96m high, with rows of pine trees on its slopes; there is a forest of pine trees on its summit. Ko-heichi Shima (Koheiti Shima), covered with bamboo grass, lies close E of Heichi Shima, from which it is separated by a narrow, shallow channel. Shiakabe Iwa, a pointed rock, 17.1m high, lies about 0.5 mile S of Heichi Shima. Teraga Iso, a sandbank, with depths of less than 10.1m and a least depth 4.7m, extends from a position about 1.3 miles NW of the NW extremity of Heichi Shima, in a WNW direction to about 0.5 mile off the coast of Shikoku. There are sandwaves on the sandbank. A rock, with a depth of 6.4m, lies about 0.2 mile off the mouth of Tomita Kawa, W of Terago Iso.

8.7 There are four conspicuous steel pylons for the overhead cables running from the SW part of O Shima to the Shikoku coast via Nakato-jima and Uma Shima. There is a vertical clearance of 66m over Nishi Suido and Nake Suido, and a vertical clearance of 41m over the channel between Nakato-jima and O Shima. There is an overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 75m, across Nishi Suido, between Uma Shima and Ko Shima to the NW. The steel pylons are 80m high. A bridge crosses Nishi Suido, between the coast of Shikoku and Uma Shima and between Uma Shima and Mushi-jima; there is a vertical clearance of about 65m in both channels. The bridge continues ENE from Mushi-jima to O Shima, with a vertical clearance of about 36m. Naka Suido Nakato-jima (Nakato Shima) (3407'N., 13300'E.), a round-topped island, 62m high, lies on the E side of Naka Suido. The tidal signal station is situated at its NW end. Mushi-jima (Musi Shima), 55m high near its SE end, lies about 0.3 mile NE of Nakato-jima. Ko-mushi Shima, 37m high, lies close off the NW end of Mushi-jima. Warabe Iso, an isolated rock, with a depth of 3.1m, lies about 82m W of Mushi-jima. An area to the W and N of Mushi-jima is delineated by nine lighted buoys. Entry into this area is restricted due to bridge construction. Taka Se, about 0.5 mile NNW of Nakano-jima, is a rock, with a least depth of 18.4m, and the least depth in the fairway. Uma Shima lies about 0.3 mile W of Nakato-jima, leaving a navigable width of about 0.2 mile. The island has two summits, the S is higher and surmounted by the previously-mentioned pylon. Uzuno Hana, Okora Saki, and Nagase Hana, the SW, W, and E extremities, respectively, of the island, are marked by lights. The N and E shores are bordered by dangerous rocks extending from 90 to 180m offshore. Mukuri, a rock, with a depth of 1.7m, lies about 250m N of Nagase Hana. Nagase Hana, bearing 188, in range with Ohama Tidal Signal Station, clears Mukuri.8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7

8.8 Nishi Suido.The SW and N ends of Uma Shima are bordered by dangerous submerged rocks. Rocks, with depths of 5.2 and 1.8m, lie about 230m W of the N end of the island. Depths of over 20m lie from 150 to 250m off the W coast of Uma Shima. Nishi Suido should be navigated against the current, which attains a rate of as much as 8 knots. An overhead power cable, with a vertical clearance of about 66m, spans Nishi Suido between the S end of Uma Shima and Shikoku to the WSW. The towers supporting the cable at each end are conspicuous and stand at elevations of 200m and 162m. They are marked by red obstruction lights. The Shikoku coast N of Imabari Ko should not be approached closely, due to the many rocks and shoals bordering the coast. Ama Se, a rock, drying 0.6m, lies about 0.1 mile offshore, about 0.5 mile W of the SW extremity of Uma Shima. A lighted beacon stands on Ama Se. Oiseno Se, a rock, with a depth of 4.4m, lies about 0.1 mile offshore, about 295m NNW of Ama Se.8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8

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The Kurushima Kaikyo Bridge

8.8

8.8

Shiro Ishi, a white rock marked by a light, lies about 0.3 mile SSE of Ama Se. Mukuri, a rock, with a depth of 4.7m, lies about 228m ESE of Shiro Ishi, and is the outermost of the shoals; it lies close to the traffic route. Hiro Se, a group of rocks, some of which dry, lies about 0.3 mile SSE of Shiri Ishi. Wakameji, consisting of reefs with a least depth of 2.1m, extends about 137m NNE of Hiro Se.

Okora Saki Light Ko Shima (O Shima), about 0.5 mile NW of Uma Shima, is 100m high, with much cultivated ground and some wooded areas. Biwano Kubi, a small wooded bluff, 43m high, and surmounted by a pylon, is connected to the SW end of Ko Shima by an isthmus. Futatsu Iwa, a rock drying 3.7m, and marked by a light, lies about 90m SW of Biwano Kubi. Oasari, a steep-to rock, with a depth of 8.6m, lies about 0.2 mile off the coast of Ko Shima, about 0.3 mile ESE of Biwano

8.8

8.8

Uzuno Hana Light

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Hinai Hana Range Lights Kubi. Nezumi Iso, a rock, with a depth of 8.4m, lies about 0.1 mile NW of Oasari. 8.9 Kono Se (3407'36"N., 13259'24"E.), with a depth of 19.2m, is steep-to on its E and W sides, and lies on the W side of the N end of Nishi Suido. In Higashi Suido (Higasi Suido), the pylons supporting the overhead cable are conspicuous. Gono Ishi, rocks with depths of less than 1.8m, lie about 137m E of Nakato-jima. Bujiro, an isolated rock, with a depth of 3.8m, lies in the middle of Higashi Suido, about 0.2 mile E of Mushi-jima (3407'N., 13301'E.). Lights, in line bearing 122, are situated on the N side of Hinai Hana, nearly 0.5 mile NE of Mushi-jima. Wakame Iso, a rock with a depth of 1.1m, lies about 230m SE of this headland. Kenashi Shima lies close N of the E part of Mushi Shima; a rock, with a depth of 2.7m, and steep-to on its N side, lies about 90m N of Kenaski Shima. Ozukuma Shima, 35m high, lies about 1.3 miles N of Mushijima; its W coast is bordered by dangerous rocks extending to about 250m offshore. A reef, with a rock drying 0.7m at its outer end, extends about 0.1 mile S of the island. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 29m, extends from the SE side of Ozukuma Shima, to Boze, a headland, about 0.3 mile SE. Bozo Iso, a rock with a depth of 9.5m, lies at the end of a reef extending about 0.1 mile WSW of Boze.8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9

8.10

8.10

ma. Shoal water extends up to 0.2 mile offshore, about 0.5 mile SE of Osumi Bana. Shiro Ishi, a white, pointed rock, 8.5m high, lies about 1 mile N of Kuru Shima. Dangerous submerged rocks extend about 1.5 miles WNW of Ko Shima. Tanishi Su, with a least depth of 6.6m, lies about 0.8 mile ESE of Osumi Bana (3408'N., 13257'E.). There are sand waves about 1 mile offshore between Ko Shima and Osumi Bana. Aspect.Tsu Shima (3409'N., 13300'E.), about 1.5 miles N of Uma Shima, lies on the E side of the W entrance to Kurushima Kaikyo. It has E and W peaks, which appear as one mountain when viewed from the W. Ichinose Yama, the W peak, 177m high and rather pointed, is a good mark for passing through the narrows of Kurushima Kaikyo. There is a tidal signal station near Ichinose Hana, the SW end of the island. Tsu Shima Tidal Signal Station consists of a round concrete structure. Signal lights are shown at an elevation of 48m, and a light indicating the position of the station is shown at an elevation of 54m.

8.10 Kuru Shima (3407'N., 13258'E.), about 0.3 mile SW of Ko Shima, is 40m high, covered with trees, and lies in the entrance to Hashihama. Depths of 2.5 to 6.5m extend to about 137m N of the island. Umano Se, rocks with a least depth of 2.9m, lie about 320m E of Kuru Shima. Hiro Se, a rock drying 1.3m and marked by a light, lies in the approach to Namikate Ko, about 0.8 mile WNW of Kuru Shi-

8.11 Osumi Bana (Osumi Hana) (3408'N., 13257'E.), about 2.5 miles WSW of Tsu Shima, lies on the S side of the W entrance to Kurushima Kaikyo. There is a tidal signal station about 0.1 mile S of the headland. Drying rocks, on which there is rock, 3.8m high, extend about 137m N of the headland. Ikado Iso, about 0.2 mile long N-S, lies about 0.4 mile WNW of Osumi Hana. It is marked by a light at its N end, and a rock, 7m high, lies at its S end. Ko-ikado, two white rocks, 4.6m high, and a drying rock, lie about 90m SSE and W, respectively, of the S rock. A shoal, with a least depth of 14.9m, lies about 0.3 mile ENE of Ikado Iso Light. Kajitori Hana (Kazitori Hana), marked by a light, lies about 3 miles WSW of Osumi Hana. Ogon Sho, an isolated rock, with a depth of 9.5m, and with tide rips in its vicinity, lies about 0.4 mile WNW of Kajitori Hana.8.11

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Kurushima Kaikyo Traffic RoutePosition Reporting Lines Oge Shima, about 2.5 miles N of Osumi Bana, attains an elevation of 208m in its N part; it is marked by light on its W side. Ko-oge Shima, about 0.5 mile W of Oge Shima, has a 133m summit in its SW end; white cliffs, caused by quarrying, are conspicuous on the S side of its summit. Yakushi Yama (Yakusi Yami) (3412'N., 13258'E.) is conspicuous in the SW end of Omi Shima. Pilotage.Pilotage is compulsory in Kurushima Kaikyo and its approaches for the following vessels: 1. Vessels of 10,000 grt or over. 2. Foreign vessels carrying dangerous cargo. 3. Foreign vessels whose master is making a first voyage8.11

8.11

8.11

through the Naikai. For further information, see paragraph 6.1. Regulations.The Kurushima Traffic Route (Kurusima Traffic Route) has been established under the Maritime Traffic Safety Law. Vessels must navigate in accordance with the traffic procedures established under this law: 1. Traffic in Naka Suido and Nishi Suido is one-way, depending on the direction of the tidal current. 2. When there is a S tidal current, vessels meeting in the E and W entrances should pass each other starboard to starboard. 3. When there is a N tidal current, eastbound vessels in

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Length overall of 230 to 285mMaximum draft of 11.0m. b. Gas-free tankers: Length overall of 200 to 250mMaximum draft of 12.8m. Length overall of 250 to 300mMaximum draft of 11.0m. Tankers should only navigate Naka Suido during daylight hours and when the favorable tidal current is less than 3 knots. The draft of tankers in passage between Kurushima Kaikyo Traffic Route and Mizushima Traffic Route should not be more than 11m. 7. In low visibility, entry into Kurushima Kaikyo Traffic Route is restricted as given in the accompanying table titled Kurushima Kaikyo Low Visibility Restrictions. Kurushima Kaikyo Low Visibility Restrictions Type of Vessel Ikado Iso Light Nishi Suido and vessels heading to pass between Ko Shima and Hashihama should pass starboard to starboard. 4. When in the passage at the time of the turn of the tide, there is danger of meeting conflicting traffic within a given channel around the time of the turn of the tide, because navigation in a particular channel continues without interruption. Higashi Suido and Kurushima Seto are the channels normally used by scheduled shipping services and small vessels. 5. The following vessels are required to have an escort vessel, with a fire fighting capability before navigating the straits: a. Vessels of 250m or more in length. b. Vessels of 200m or more in length which are carrying a dangerous cargo. c. Vessels of 25,000 grt or more which are carrying liquefied gas. 6. The following additional limitations and regulations apply to tankers using the strait: a. Laden tankers and tankers in ballast, but not gasfree: Length overall of 200 to 230mMaximum draft of 11.9m. Vessels of 200m or more in length. Vessels of 50,000 grt or more carrying dangerous cargo. Vessels of 25,000 grt or more carrying liquefied gas. Vessels towing or pushing very long tows. Vessels carrying dangerous cargo (excluding those listed above).8.11

Restriction Entry prohibited when the visibility in the traffic route is less than 1 mile.

Entry prohibited when the visibility in the traffic route is less than 1 mile. Entry prohibited when the visibility in the traffic route is less 0.5 mile.

The Kurushima Kaikyo Traffic Advisory Service (TAS) provides vessels with information, controls traffic routes, and ensures safe navigation. Huge vessels, vessels of 10,000 gross tons or more (except huge vessels), and vessels towing (or pushing) an object between 100m and 200m in total length, should report to Kurushima Martis, by VHF or telephone, on passing the Reporting Points listed in the accompanying table titled Kurushima KaikyoTAS Reporting Points.

Kurushima KaikyoTAS Reporting Points Name of Reporting Point Kurushima Kaikyo East Entrance N Kurushima Kaikyo East Entrance S Off Imabari Off Hashihama Off Namikata Kurushima Kaikyo North Entrance E Abbreviation EN ES KI KH KS KE Description A line bearing 325 from Kaji Shima to the coast (O Shima). A line bearing 218 from Kaji Shima to the coast (Shikoku). A line bearing 120 from Ohama Signal Station. A line connecting Ko Shima East Light and Osumi Hana and a line connecting Ko Shima East Light and Sashide Hana. A line bearing 250 from Osumi Hana. A line connecting Tsu Shima Signal Station and Yakushi Yama on Omi Shima and a line connecting the Signal Station and Naibana Front Range Light. Pub. 159

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Kurushima KaikyoTAS Reporting Points Name of Reporting Point Kurushima Kaikyo North Entrance W Kurushima Kaikyo West Entrance N Kurushima Kaikyo West Entrance S Abbreviation KN WN WS Description A line bearing 075 from Agono Hana Light on Oge Shima and a line bearing 255 from Agono Hana Light. A line bearing 000 from the E end of Itsuki Shima to the coast (Osaki Shimo Shima). A line connecting the E end of Itsuki Shima and Kajitori Hana Light. of the E breakwater has depths of 4.5m alongside and a length of 235m. A bent groin, from which a light is shown, extends from the shore; its head is situated close E of the S end of the detached breakwater. Kurashiki Wharf, on the W side of the commercial harbor, about 0.5 mile farther SE, N of the mouth of Soja Kawa (Sosya Kawa), has a depth of 9m alongside its N berth, which can accommodate vessels with a draft of up to 8.5m and 15,000 grt. Two berths at Tomita Quay, on the southernmost groin of the harbor, have charted depths alongside of 10.2 to 12.6m. Temposan Wharf, with a depth of 7.5m alongside, lies on the SE side of the inner harbor and can accommodate two vessels of 5,000 grt. Three piers and a ferry quay, with a depth of 6.1m alongside, lie on the SW side of the harbor. Aspect.A conspicuous building lies about 0.5 mile SE of the head of the E breakwater. The harbor office, a five-story building with radio masts, lies on the inner side of the inner harbor. A radio tower is situated about 0.5 mile SW of the harbor office. A power station chimney, 68m high, is conspicuous about 0.8 mile NW of the E breakwater. A hotel, 102m high, is reported conspicuous in position 3403.7'N, 13300.0E. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory. The harbormaster can be contacted by radiotelephone. For further information, see paragraph 6.1. Anchorage.Vessels carrying dangerous cargo will be assigned anchorages in Section II. Temporary anchorage is available in Section III; however, Umano Se, previously described in paragraph 8.10, lies in the E entrance, and a shoal, with a depth of 4.7m, and marked by a mooring buoy, lies about 0.2 mile S of Kuru Shima. Caution.Many ferries and sightseeing vessels use the inner harbor. In addition, caution is necessary entering or leaving the harbor as there may be fishing vessels which operate in the E entrance to Kurushima Kaikyo, particularly at Reporting Point WS.8.12 8.12 8.12 8.12 8.12 8.12 8.12 8.12

The following information should be included in the report: 1. Vessels name. 2. Time passing Reporting Point. 3. Abbreviation of Reporting Points. 4. If towing or pushing, length of vessel. 5. Destination of vessel (that do not need seaway information). Vessels may be instructed by the captain of the port to evacuate the port in the event of abnormal weather or marine conditions such as typhoons or marine accidents. Caution.Vessels should avoid crossing in the vicinity of the entrance and departure points of the traffic route. Vessels intending to enter the traffic route or to alter course after leaving it shall not alter course in the sea area near the entrance and departure points of the traffic route. At Reporting Point WS, a large number of fishing vessels congregate in every channel. At Reporting Point WS, line fishing vessels congregate in the fairways and may greatly impede the passage of large vessels. They do not enter the fairway when the current is strong, but some may remain while the current is still weak. The greatest obstruction to navigation is the concentration of fishing lights in use on the coasts of Uma Shima, Nakato-jima, and Ko Shima; the islands and headlands may not be visible due to these lights. A triple-linked suspension bridge spans Nishi Suida, Naka Suida, and Higashi Suida, with a vertical clearance of 65m for Nishi Suida, 65m for Naka Suida, and 46m for Higashi Suida.8.11 8.11 8.11 8.11 8.11 8.11 8.11

Imabari Ko (3404'N., 13301'E.)

World Port Index No. 62070 8.12 Imabari Ko is a specified harbor on the S side of Kurushima Kaikyo. It consists of Section I to Section III; Section III at Hashihama (3406'N., 13258'E.) is used as an anchorage for small local vessels and for the construction and repair of medium and small vessels. WindsWeather.The inner harbor is safe even in NE to E winds, which are the most severe, and raise a sea at the entrance. TidesCurrents.The tidal rise at Imabari is 3.4m at springs, and 2.6m at neaps. The flood current flows SE, and the ebb current flows NW, but are not strong enough to have any particular effect on navigation. DepthsLimitations.The controlling depth in the channel is 9m. In Section I, the inner harbor, the wharf S of the base8.12 8.12 8.12 8.12

Hiuchi NadaSouth Shore

8.13 The coast of Shikoku, from Mi Saki (3415'N., 13334'E.) to O-jima (3400'N., 13322'E.), about 18 miles SW, forms a large bay with generally level sandy shores and a few steep places. Anchorage can be taken in suitable depths, about 1 mile off the coast, except in the vicinity of Mi Saki, in a bottom of mud, or mud and sand. The tidal currents are weak and there are few uneven parts in the sea bed, but there are many fishing nets and seaweed cultivation grounds along the coast, some of which extend up to about 1 mile offshore.

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Imabari Ko Breakwater Lights

8.13

8.13

8.13

8.13

Otsuta Shima, 91m high, lies about 1 mile farther SE, with Kotsuta Shima, close SSE. Tenjinno Iso, steep-to, with a depth of 7.4m, lies about 1.5 miles W of Otsuta Shima. Tsukumo Saki, about 2.5 miles S of Kotsuta Shima, is surmounted by Tsukumo Yama, a conical hill, 153m high, and appears as an island from the N; the large landslide on the SW side of the hill is conspicuous. Kannonji Ko (3407'N., 13338'E.), about 1.5 miles farther S, lies at the mouths of Saita Kawa and Ichinotani Kawa. Numerous fish havens extending up to 1 mile offshore exist in this vicinity. A chimney, 37m high, is conspicuous on the N side of the mouth of Saita Kawa, from which a breakwater extends. Close S of this breakwater, N and S breakwaters enclose the harbor at the entrance of Ichinotani Kawa; a detached breakwater fronts the harbor entrance. A wharf, at the base of the N breakwater, has depths of 4m alongside its S side, with a length of 111m. The roadstead W of the pier has depths of 6m. Toyohama Ko, a small harbor, lies about 3 miles S of Kannonji Ko. A light is shown at the head of the W breakwater. Yoki Saki, a headland, 28m high, is conspicuous about 2.8 miles farther SW; it lies about 1 mile NNW of Yahachi Yama, 264m high. Okino Iso, a rock with two heads, each drying 0.8m, lies about 0.3 mile offshore, about 0.5 mile ENE of Yoki Saki.

Mishima-Kawanoe Ko (3400'N., 13333'E.)

World Port Index No. 62085 8.14 Mishima-Kawanoe Ko is a specified harbor on the SE side of Hiuchi Nada. It is developing into an industrial port with paper-making and cotton-spinning industries. The harbor consists of Kawanoe Chiku and the city of Kawanoe, in its NE part, and Mishima Chiku and the city of Iyo-Mishima, in its SW part. Kawanoe Shiku consists of a small harbor, (formerly Kawanoe Ko), sheltered by breakwaters; the fishing harbor close SW; and Nishi Ko Wharf 2 and Nishi Ko Wharf 1, respectively, farther SW. The W breakwater of the local harbor is being extended NNW. Kinsei Kawa discharges into the middle of Kawanoe Chiku.8.14

Sector 8. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Eastern Part

light is shown. Extensive piling work is being carried out along the shoreline between Matsunoki and Habu Saki, 1.5 miles ENE. WindsWeather.Throughout the year, the most frequent winds are WSW and W, followed by ENE. North and S winds are least in frequency and velocity. Typhoons are blocked by a mountain range, with elevations of over 1,000m, which lies S of the harbor; it is reported that typhoons rarely affect the harbor. In strong N winds, swells enter the harbor, but it has no effect on the inner harbor. TidesCurrents.The mean tidal rise at Niihama is 3.5m at springs and 2.7m at neaps. The flood current flows E outside the breakwater and generally S inside the breakwater; the ebb current is the reverse. The current has velocity of 0.75 knot outside the breakwater and is weak inside the breakwater. DepthsLimitations.North Wharf, about 0.3 mile NE of the E breakwater at Niihama Ku (Section I), has a depth of 14m alongside and can accommodate vessels up to 50,000 grt and a 12.8m draft. Berth K-6, about 0.5 mile ESE of the head of the E breakwater, can accommodate vessels up to 10,000 grt and a 9.2m draft. A berth on the W side of Section I, about 0.8 mile S of W breakwater, has a depth of 9.5m alongside. A least depth of 7.4m lead to the above berths. Aspect.Lighted buoys in Hiuchi Nada mark the approach to Niihama Ko from the NE. O-jima (3400'N., 13322'E.), 147m high and comparatively steep-to on its N side, forms the NE harbor limit of Takihama Ku. Habu Saki, about 1.5 miles farther W, is marked by a light, and is surmounted by Habu Yama, 101m high, about 0.3 mile SE. The land S of Habu Yama is low and it appears as an island from a distance. Kuro Shima, 49m high, lies about 1 mile ESE of Habu Saki. It was formerly an island, but has been extended W and S by reclamation and is now separated from the mainland SE only by a narrow channel. Its N and E sides are fringed with rocky ledges. Two lighted buoys are moored 0.3 mile NW of Kareneko Hana, the N extremity of Kuro Shima, and mark the entrance channel to the inner harbor at Takihama Ku. The large chimneys of the factories at Niihama Ku are good landmarks; at night the lights of the factories are visible from a distance. A chimney, 124m high, is conspicuous about 0.8 mile ESE of the head of the E breakwater; another chimney, 134m high, and painted red and white, is conspicuous about 0.8 mile S of the W breakwater. With offshore winds, the breakwater lights may be difficult to distinguish due to smoke, but in these circumstances, the summit of Miyo Shima, 74m high and heavily wooded, is a good mark close W of the W breakwater. Drying rocks extend about 0.2 mile W of Nishiha Shima (Saki) (3358'N., 13315'E.), in the NW part of Niihama Ku. Funagami Iwa (Hunagami Iwa), a rock drying 2.7m and marked by a light, lies about 0.5 mile W of Nishiha Shima. In Takihama Ku, Kajikake, a submerged rock, marked NW by a lighted buoy, lies about 0.2 mile off the W side of O-jima. Farther SE, Nagaeno Iso, with a least depth of 2.2m, lies between O-jima and Kuro-jima. The NE side of Kuro-jima is bordered by rocky ledges. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory but is recommended.8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15

Mishima Chiku consists of the small local harbor (formerly Mishima Ko), sheltered by breakwaters; Taio Dolphin Berth, close NE; and Muromatsu Wharf, farther NE. East Wharf lies in the S part of the harbor. A breakwater is situated at the NW end of East Wharf; a light is shown from the end of the breakwater at Sankawa, 1.5 miles WSW of East Wharf. A detached breakwater, from which a light is shown, is situated 0.5 mile seaward of Muromatsu Wharfs. WindsWeather.The most frequent wind is W, followed by NE. North and S winds are the least frequent. As the harbor opens into Hiuchi Nada, the berthing of vessels alongside the wharf is difficult when there is a strong N wind. TidesCurrents.The mean tidal rise at Mishima is 3.7m at springs and 2.9m at neaps. The flood current flows SE, and the ebb current flows NE to SW, but does not constitute an obstacle to navigation. DepthsLimitations.There is a dolphin berth, with a depth of 9m alongside, projecting N from East Wharf. Nishi Ko Wharf 1 (Kawaneo Chi-ku) has depths of 11.6 to 12m alongside the major part of its NE side. There is a least depth of 10.1m in the approach to the NE side of the wharf; however, close NE, a bank, with a least depth of 9.5m, fronts Nishi Ko Wharf 2. Goten Iso, a fishing reef with a least depth of 7.9m, lies about 0.3 mile NW of the NW extremity of Nishi Ko Wharf 2. Murumatsu Wharf has two berths on the outer part of its S side, with depths of 15m alongside. Taio Dolphin Berth has depths of 9.5m alongside. Okidai Wharf is 200m long, with a depth alongside of 3.5m. Aspect.Shiro Yama, 62m high, with a park, is conspicuous, S of the fishing harbor. The smoke from the factories at Kawanoe and Iyo-Mishima is very visible from a distance. A paper mill chimney, 186m high and painted red and white, is conspicuous on the S side of Murumatsu Wharf. Pilotage.Pilots are available from Sakaide with sufficient advance notice, when required. For further information, see paragraph 6.1. Anchorage.The quarantine anchorage is centered about 0.5 mile NW of Murumatsu Wharf; there are depths of 14 to 17.1m in the anchorage.8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14 8.14

Niihama Ko (3359'N., 13317'E.)

World Port Index No. 62080 8.15 Niihama Ko is a specified harbor located near the middle of the S shore of Hiuchi Nada. The harbor is divided into Niihama Ku and Takihama Ku. Takahama Ku (Takahama Ko), the E part, is a timber harbor; Niihama Ku, the W part, is divided into Sections I to IV. The city of Niihama is a major industrial city, from metal and chemical industries, and mining. Kokuryo Kawa flows into the sea about 1 mile E of the entrance to the inner harbor and considerable reclamation work has been carried out in the intervening area. A breakwater extends ENE from the E entrance point to Kokuryo Kawa. Matsunoki, a small harbor constructed on reclaimed land, lies at the E entrance to Kokuryo Kawa. A detached breakwater lies 91m N of the harbor entrance from the NW end of which a8.15 8.15

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There is a liaison office of the Naikai Pilotage Area Pilots Association at Niihama. Local harbor pilots are available with 48 hours advance notice. Pilots can be contacted on VHF channels 12 and 16 (call sign: Nihama-ho-an). The harbormaster can be contacted by radiotelephone regarding harbor operations. For further information, see paragraph 6.1. Anchorage.The quarantine anchorage is centered about 0.8 mile NNE of the head of the E breakwater. Vessels loaded with dangerous cargo are assigned anchorages in Section III. There is good anchorage, sheltered from S to W winds, in depths of 4.9 to 20m, mud, between O-jima and the coast of Takihama Ku. Caution.Caution is necessary to keep clear of submarine cables, a submerged water line, and oyster beds. There are seaweed cultivation grounds (September to April) around O-jima and NE of Kuro-jima.8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15 8.15

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from the N, has the appearance of a dark, pointed summit. Torii Ishi, a rock 4.4m high, lies about 410m E of the mouth of Sakurai Kawa, about 2 miles NNW of Osaki Hana. Karako Yama, Heichi Shima, and other features farther N were described in paragraph 8.5 and paragraph 8.6, respectively, with Kurushima Kaikyo.8.16 8.16

Islands and Dangers in the Approach to Fuku-yama Ko

8.17 Hashiri-jima (Hasiri Shima) (3420'N., 13326'E.), in the approach to Fukuyama Ko, lies about 1.3 miles NW of Uji Shima. Taka Yama, 180m high, its summit, lies in the SE part of the island. Kanayama Hana is the SE extremity of a small peninsula joined to the SE end of the island by a low isthmus. Kajiya Shima, 43m high to the tops of the trees, lies about 0.5 mile W of the N end of Hashiri-jima; a reef, with a rock drying 2.6m at its SE end, extends about 0.2 mile SE of Kajiya Shima. A fish haven is situated close to the SE point of the islet. Tako Zowai, a rock with a depth of 3.1m, lies about 0.1 mile N of Hashiri-jima. Okino Hachikazano Se, an isolated group of rocks, with a depth of 13.7m and marked E by a lighted buoy, lies about 2 miles WSW of Hashiri-jima. Hakama Shima, a flat-topped islet, 36m high, lies about 1 mile NE of the E end of Hashiri-jima. Towu, a rock, drying 2.1m, lies about 228m off the E coast of the islet. Kong Ishi, a rock 2.7m high and marked by a light, lies about 1 mile NNW of the N end of Hashiri-jima; a depth of 2.1m lies close NE of the rock. Shirodashi Iso, a rock nearly awash at lowest LW, lies about 1.5 miles ENE of Kono Ishi, near the entrance of the main fairway to Fukuyama Ko. A rock, with a depth of 9.2m and marked W by a lighted buoy, lies about 0.2 mile NW of Shirodashi Iso. Sensui Shima (3423'N., 13324'E.), about 2.5 miles NW of Hashiri-jima, rises to a 159m high summit, on which there is a radio tower with a parabolic antenna. Tutsuji Shima, an islet, 25m high, lies about 0.2 mile E of the SE extremity of Sensui Shima. Benten Shima, a rocky islet, 12.8m high, lies in the channel between Sensui Shima and Tomo Ko (3423'N., 13323'E.) (World Port Index No. 61610), close WSW. A three-story pagoda on its summit is illuminated at night and forms a good landmark. A floating breakwater extending NNW-SSE lies about 0.1 mile NNW of Benten Shima. A lighted beacon is situated about 0.1 mile SSE of Benten Shima. Submarine cables and a submarine water pipe extend WNW from Hashiri-jima to the vicinity of Sensui Shima and Tomo Ko. A lighted buoy lies about 1.5 miles S of Sensui Shima. Fish havens are situated and seaweed cultivation is carried out in the bay within 2 miles N of Sensui Shima.8.17 8.17 8.17 8.17 8.17 8.17 8.17 8.17 8.17 8.17

8.16 Toyo Ko (3356'N., 13309'E.).Saijo Ko, about 4 miles W of Niihama Ko, and Nyugawa Ko, about 3 miles farther W, are subject to harbor regulations, but the extended harbor area, which includes both harbors, is the principal port of Toyo Ko. Saijo Ko (Saizyo Ko), at the mouth of Honjin Kawa, can be recognized by a large number of chimneys and oil tanks of the factories and power stations on each side of the harbor. The harbor is sheltered by breakwaters. The channel into the harbor is about 68m wide, with depths of 3.1 to 4m. Lighted buoys mark the entrance to the channel, and lights, in line bearing 156, at the head of the harbor, lead into the inner harbor. Two overhead power cables, the lower with a vertical clearance of 37m, span the harbor about 2 miles N of the range lights. Several fish havens exist to the E of the range line. A lighted buoy is situated close to the range line 1.75 miles offshore, while a similar buoy is 1 mile farther E. A wharf, on the E side of the mouth of Honjin Kawa, has depths of 3.1 to 4.9m alongside. Nyugawa Ko is divided into two parts; the E part is called Chuo Chiku while the W part is called Nyugawa Chiku. There are factories, refineries, and a power station in Chuo Chiku, and a cotton factory in Nyugawa Ku. Nyugawa Chiku is sheltered NW by a breakwater. A channel, with depths of 4 to 4.9m and marked by lighted buoys, lies close SE of the breakwater and leads to the inner harbor. A wharf, at the base of the breakwater, has a depth of 4.5m alongside. Lighted buoys, about 1 mile ESE of the head of the breakwater at Nyugawa Chiku, mark the entrance to a channel, 4.9m deep, leading to the harbor at Chuo Chiku. The inner harbor has a dredged depth of 4.9m bordered by shoal ground. The power station, on the NW side of the inner harbor, has a conspicuous four-stack composite chimney, 183m high and painted red and white. The power station jetty has depths of 4.9m alongside; the oil jetty, close NE, has depths of 5.5m alongside. Osaki Hana (3359'N., 13304'E.), about 3 miles NW of Toyo Ko, is a sloping point, high in its N part and low in its S part. The coast N of Osaki Hana consists of sandy beaches backed by mountains. Kasamatsu Yama, about 1.5 miles W of Osaki Hana, is 328m high, appears flat-topped from the E, but8.16 8.16 8.16 8.16 8.16 8.16 8.16

Fukuyama Ko (3426'N., 13327'E.)

World Port Index No. 61605 8.18 Fukuyama Ko, a specified harbor, lies in the N part of Bingo Nada. The harbor is accessible to large vessels as a result of dredging, extensive reclamation, and the development Pub. 159

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edition of Japan Maritime Safety Laws and Regulations, obtainable through the Japanese Coast Guard. This publication should be kept as a reference for signal station communiques about other local or specific regulations. Pilotage is compulsory on Tomogashima Suido, Bisan Suido, and Kurushima Strait for vessels over 10,000 grt. A vessel with an loa greater than 200m, is required to navigate in Bisan Seto and Kurushima Strait only in daylight. The Osaka pilot for Tomogashima Suido Berthing boards in position 3410'N, 13500'E. Inland sea pilot boards at either Wada Misaki or Sekisaki. Harbor pilots are available at the port anchorage; VHF channels 12, 14, and 16 are used. For further information, see paragraph 6.1. Anchorage.The quarantine anchorage is centered about 1.8 miles E of Sensui Shima, about 1 mile SW of the main fairway entrance buoys. Caution.Vessels must use caution when anchoring due to the large amount of small vessel traffic between the lighted buoy S of Sensui Shima and Shiraishi Seto (3425'N., 13331'E.). The latter passage is described in paragraph 7.55. A large number of islands lie between the NW part of Bingo Nada and NE part of Aki Nada. There is a large number of channels formed between the islands. Mihara Seto, the main passage, is used by many low speed large vessels, small vessels, and lighters under tow. The tidal currents are weaker than those in Kurushima Kaikyo, but the distance traveled is longer and more winding. In the channels between the islands, interisland vessels run between Honshu and Shikoku, and large vessels enter and leave Onomichi-Itosaki Ko, Habu Ko, and Inokuchi Ko.8.18 8.18 8.18 8.18 8.18

of a steel tubes factory complex. The latter complex of factories and chimneys lies N and NW of the signal station. A dredged channel, entered about 2 miles E of Sensui Shima, leads to the harbor. An overhead power cable, with a vertical clearance of 55m, spans the harbor. Further W, it is spanned by a bridge with a vertical clearance of about 13m. The city of Fukuyama (Huku-yama) (3429'N., 13322'E.) is a commercial city but is becoming more of an industrial city. TidesCurrents.The mean tidal rise at Fukuyama is 3.6m at springs and 2.7m at neaps. The tidal currents in the harbor are weak and do not affect harbor operations. DepthsLimitations.The main fairway, with a depth of about 16m and a width of about 300m, extends from about 2 miles E of Sensui Shima to the Raw Materials Wharf. The branch fairway branches off the main fairway near the signal station and leads to the Export Berths; it is about 300m wide, with depths of 10.1 to 11.9m. Raw Materials Quay Berth A is 300m long, has a depth of 17.1m alongside, and can accommodate vessels up to 150,000 dwt; Berth B is 280m long, has a least depth of 16.5m alongside, and can accommodate vessels up to 100,000 dwt. Raw Materials Wharf Berth M, 250m long, and Berth L, 315m long, have depths of 17.1 to 18m and can accommodate vessels up to 200,000 dwt. Kasaoka Wharf has depths of 10.1 to 11.3m alongside and can accommodate vessels up to 35,000 dwt. Export Berth X and Export Berth Y have depths of 12.5 to 12.8m alongside. Export Berth 2 and Export Berth 3 have a depth of 13m alongside; these berths can accommodate vessels up to 35,000 dwt. Export Berth 1 has a depth of 11m and can accommodate vessels up to 20,000 dwt. The dangers in the approach to the harbor were previously described in paragraph 8.17. Aspect.The islands in the harbor approach were previously described in paragraph 8.17. Tsuganomaru Yama (3427'N., 13331'E.), in the middle of Kono Shima, is conspicuous from all directions; it is 302m high and has a TV tower on its summit. Mi Saki, the W extremity of Kono Shima, is conspicuous due to its barren appearance. Lighted buoys mark the fairways. Lights, in line bearing 000.5, lead to the Raw Materials Wharf, and lights, in line bearing 300, lead through the branch fairway to the vicinity of the Export Berths. The signal station, painted white, lies at the SE end of the steel tubes works. A group of chimneys is conspicuous in the steel tubes works. The highest chimney, 206m high and showing a flare, lies nearly 1 mile NNW of the signal station. Miyazaki Yama, 155m high to the tops of the trees, is conspicuous on the right bank of the mouth of Ashida Kawa (Asida Kawa). Takamaru Yama, 129m high, with few trees, lies on the left bank of the mouth of Ashida Kawa.8.18 8.18 8.18 8.18 8.18 8.18 8.18 8.18 8.18 8.18 8.18 8.18

Fukuyama Ko to Mihara Seto

8.19 Tsugara Shima (3422'N., 13323'E.), a wooded islet, 15.8m high, lies about 0.5 mile offshore, about 1.3 miles WSW of the S end of Sensui Shima. Aburo Sho, about 0.8 mile farther WSW, is a rock drying 0.6m and marked by a light. Abutono Seto (3422'N., 13321'E.) is entered about 1 mile farther W, between Abu Saki, marked by a light, and Ta Shima, close W. Abutono Seto has strong tidal currents and should only be used by small vessels with local knowledge. Ta Shima is divided into an E part and a W part by an isthmus. The summit of the island, 329m high, lies near the SW end of the island. Yoko Shima lies close WSW of Ta Shima, from which it is separated by a narrow canal passable by small craft and crossed by a drawbridge. Ategi Shima, an islet, 25m high, barren, and with steep cliffs, lies close off the SW end of Yoko Shima and is conspicuous from a distance. A tanker berth with a T-head pier extends S from the SW end of Yoko Shima; mooring buoys are on each side of the berth. There is a depth of about 10.1m in the berth, which can accommodate tankers up to 40,000 dwt. The berth is unsuitable during strong winds and heavy seas from the S. Vessels berth port side-to at SW with tug assistance. Night movements are not normally carried out. There are a number of oil tanks N of the pier, on the W side of Yoko Shima. Pilotage.See paragraph 6.1.8.19 8.19 8.19 8.19 8.19 8.19

Pilotage.A liaison office of the Naikai Pilotage Area Pilots Association is situated at Fukuyama. A signal station is situated at the SE end of the steel tube works. The harbormaster can be contacted by radiotelephone regarding harbor operations. Anchorage and berthing signals are shown from the signal station. Vessels should retain onboard the most recent8.18

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proximately 0.5 mile SW of Kannon Zaki. Ryuo San, covered with pine trees, with Ishiba Yama, a granite hill close W, lies about 0.3 mile N of Nagasowa Hana; each peak is 147m high and pointed. Sasa Shima, a grassy round islet, 14.9m high, lies about 0.2 mile W of Nagasowa Hana. Iwashi-jima, W of Mukai Shima, has several granite peaks; Nishiwa Take, 131m high and pointed, lies in the NW part of the island and is conspicuous from the W. Tono Yama, 117m high, lies in the SW part of the island.8.20 8.20 8.20

8.21 Kajino Hana (3420'N., 13312'E.), a steep cliffy headland, lies on the NE side of Inno Shima, at the S side of the E entrance to Mekari Seto. Aka Ne, a steep-to rock with a least depth of 9.8m, lies about 0.5 mile NW of Kajino Hana; it has been swept to a depth of 9.5m. Matsui Dashi, an isolated rock with a depth of 9.5m, lies about 0.5 mile farther NW; it has been swept to a depth of 8.5m. Ohama Saki, marked by a light, lies at the NE end of Inno Shima. Shiju Shima, an islet, 18m high, lies about 0.6 mile WNW of Ohama Saki; rocks, drying 1.5 and 1.1m, lie within 0.1 mile N of Shiju Shima. Shoals, with depths of less than 4.9m, lie between Shiju Shima and Hoso Shima to its WNW.8.21

Abutono Seto Light

Mekari Seto and Approaches

8.20 The E entrance of Mihara Seto is called Mekari Seto (3421'N., 13311'E.), between Mukai Shima and Inno Shima. The channel then extends W along the coast of Honshu, through Mihara Wan and Aogi Seto, and then between Omi Shima and Osaki-Kami Shima. It then joins the main traffic route at the W entrance to Kurushima Kaikyo, through Oge Seto, between Oge Shima and Ko-oge Shima. Hyakkan-jima (3418'N., 13317'E.), previously described in paragraph 8.3, is the best mark for entering Mihara Seto. The recommended route, N of Hyakkan-jima, has depths of about 10.1m. Bozino Su, close SW of the fairway, has depths of less than 10.1m and a least depth of 8.4m; it is about 1 mile wide and 1.5 miles long. Shoals, with depths of 8.9 to 9.5m, lie close N of the fairway. Kannon Zaki (3421'N., 13313'E.), the SE extremity of Mukai Shima, is a steep, cliffy point, surmounted by a 57m high, red-colored bare hill. Takami Yama, about 1 mile NNW of Kannon Zaki, is 289m high, with a TV antenna near its summit; another TV antenna is on a 246m hill, close NE. Kota-kami Yama, about 1 mile W of Takami Yama, is 194m high, with a sharp peak, conspicuous from a distance. Morinoseno Su, with depths of 1.8 to 4.9m, and marked NE by a lighted buoy, lies about 1 mile SE of Kannon Zaki. Shoal ground, with depths of 4.5 to 10.1m, extends from Morinoseno Su, WSW to Ategi Shima, and W to Tachibanano Su. Tachibanano Su, a shoal with a least depth of 5.6m, lies about 0.4 mile S of Kannon Zaki; shoal ground, with depths of less than 10.1m, and a least depth of 6.1m, extends between Tachibanano Su and Nagasowa Hana to its WNW. A lighted buoy is moored 0.2 mile SE of the shoal. A shoal depth of 5.6m lies ap8.20 8.20 8.20

Ohama Saki Light

8.21

8.21

A bridge, with a vertical clearance of about 50m, crosses the narrowest part of Mekari Seto, close S of Ohama Saki. The center and each side of the fairway under the bridge are marked by lights. Mekari Iwa is a group of rocks that fronts Mekari Hana, the SW extremity of Mukai Shima. The highest rock dries 1.3m and is marked SE by a lighted buoy. Farther NW, Iedashi Ishi, a group of rocks, with a least depth of 4m, extends up to 0.2 mile off the S coast of Iwashi-jima. Pub. 159

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8.21

8.21

8.21

8.21

Hoso Shima lies about 0.5 mile SW of Iwashi-jima. A jetty extends 120m SE from near the SW point of the island. Hosogashira, 50m high, lies at the NE end of the island, and is surmounted by a red and white pylon, 82m high. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 53m, extends between Hoso Shima and Iwashi-jima. Chodayu Sho, rocks with depths of less than 1.8m and marked by a light, lie about 0.3 mile WNW of the N end of Hoso Shima. A rock, with a depth of 3.7m, lies about 90m NNE of Chodayu Sho. Kakari Se (Ko Kari Se), a group of rocks, with a width of about 91m and a least depth of 8.9m, lies near the middle of the channel, about 600m N of the N end of Hoso Shima. It has been swept to a depth of 8.2m, and there are eddies in its vicinity. Kakari Se is indicated by the red sector of Chodayu Sho Light between the bearings of 219 and 239, and by a red light shown on Ohama Saki between the bearings of 125 and 130. A 10.8m patch lies about 0.3 mile WNW of the SW extremity of Iwashi Shima.

Mekari Seto to Aogi Seto

8.22 Hachiga Mine (3423'N., 13308'E.), 430m high and thickly covered with pine trees, lies on the E side of Mihara Wan, and is the highest peak in the vicinity. Inuboeno Hana, the W entrance point of Mihara Wan, rises about 0.3 mile inland to Inubo Yama, 309m high, conical, and surmounted by an observation platform. Hata Yama, 448m high, about 0.5 mile SW of Inubo Yama, has a dome near its summit, and is also conspicuous. A radio tower lies close NE of the summit. Hosono Su, a sandspit which dries 0.6m in places, is centered about 0.5 mile SW of Chodayu Sho; it is surrounded by foul ground. The red sector of Chodayu Sho Light indicates the foul area. An extensive fish trap lies close off the N side of Honoso Su; a dangerous wreck lies about 0.3 mile NW of the same bank. A lighted buoy is moored 183m SSW of the dangerous wreck. Sukune Shima, about 1 mile WSW of Chodayu Sho, is a conspicuous, rounded, dark islet, 30m high, and covered with pine trees. A shoal, with a depth of 4.6m, lies about 0.2 mile E of Sukuna Shima. Ko-Sagi Shima, about 0.5 mile W of Sukune Shima, has two summits; the NE summit is 72m high and the SW summit is 76m high. A light is shown from the NW end of the island. A reef, with rock drying 2.1m at its outer end, extends about 90m N from the NW end of the island. Ko-Sagi Shima is separated from the NW end of Sagi Shima by a narrow channel, which should not be attempted without local knowledge. An overhead power cable, with a vertical clearance of 34m, spans the narrow channel. A light is shown from the S end of a detached breakwater, situated on the W side of Aogi Seto, 0.5 mile W of Ko-Sagi Shima. A second breakwater is situated 183m farther N. Kankano Ishi, a rock with a depth of 12.8m, and Okino Ishi, a rock with a depth of 17.1m, lie about 0.8 mile NNW, and 0.25 mile NW, respectively, of the NW end of Ko-Sagi Shima. Sunamino Su, with a least depth of 15m, is centered about 0.8 mile SSW of Ko-Sagi Shima. Ko-Sagi Shima Light 8.23 Sagi Shima (3420'N., 13307'E.) lies close S of KoSagi Shima. Hoteiiwa Hana, near the middle of the W side of the island, is surmounted by a conspicuous monument. A harbor, protected by a detached breakwater, is situated in the NE part of the island. Toramaru Sho, which dries 1.2m and is marked by a light, lies about 0.1 mile NW of Hoteiiwa Hana. Yake Yama, the summit of the island, rises to an elevation of 278m, about 0.8 mile ESE of Hoteiiwa Hana. Inu Yama, about 0.4 mile farther N, is a sharp granite peak, 251m high. Tera Yama, a sharp conical peak, 155m high, is conspicuous in the NW part of the island. The N extremity of Kone Shima (3419'N., 13305'E.), marked by a light, lies about 1 mile WSW of Hoteiiwa Hana. Two parallel ranges of hills running N-S are on Kone Shima. Kannon Yama, 310m high, the summit of the island, lies in its SW part. Aogi Hana, rising to an elevation of 129m, lies about 0.6 mile N of Kone Shima. Uryu Shima, a red islet, 21m high, lies about 0.8 mile W of Aogi Hana. A gantry crane is conspicuous about 1 mile WSW of Uryu Shima. A two-story building is conspicuous on the E side of the shipyard. Kami-taka Se, a rock with a depth of 3.8m, and Shimo-taka Se, a rock with a depth of 12.2m, lie about 0.3 mile SE and SSE, respectively, of Uryu Shima. Depths of less than 4.9m extend about 0.5 mile SW of Uryu Shima.

8.22

8.23

8.22

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8.22

8.22

8.22

Aogi Seto to Oge Seto

8.24 Otani Iso (3418'N., 13305'E.), with depths of 3.1 to 4.9m, sand and shells, is a detached shoal lying parallel with and within 0.5 mile of the W coast of Kone Shima. Depths of less than 10.1m extend up to 0.8 mile W of the central part of the W coast of Kone Shima. Omi Shima, on the E side of Mihara Seto, is a large wooded

8.22

8.22

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Kone Shima Light Caution.An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 50m, spans the channel to the S of O-kuno Shima; another cable, with a vertical clearance of 41m, spans the channel to the N. The pylons supporting these cables are prominent. Noji Tai, a sand bank with depths of 1.4 to 4.9m and a width of about 0.1 mile, lies parallel to the coast and extends from a position about 1.8 miles ENE of O-kuno Shima to about 0.8 miles SW of Uryu Shima. A lighted buoy is moored at the SW end of Noji Tai; it is indicated by the red sector of O-kuno Shima Light. Mekarino Su, a sand bank with depths of less than 10.1m and about 0.5 mile long, lies with its least depth of 4.7m at its E end, about 0.8 mile NE of O-kuno Shima.8.25 8.25 8.25

Sagi Shima Light island; it appears dark, but there are granite outcrops on the lower slopes of the hills in its S part. It is divided into three mountainous parts by valleys running SSE from the SE corner of Mishima Uchi (3415'N., 13259'E.), and ENE from Miyano Ura, at the head of Mishima Uchi. Kusono To, 395m high, lies in the N part of the island. Washigato Yama, 437m high and the summit of the island, lies about 2.8 miles farther SSE. Yakushi Yama, 436m high, lies in the SW part of the island. 8.25 Miyanoura Ko (3415'N., 13259'E.) lies at the inner end of Mishima Uchi. Depths of 4 to 6m may be found through most of the bay area and there is a floating jetty having depths alongside of 3.1 to 3.4m at the SE inner end. Shiju Shima, a rocky islet, 11.9m high, lies about 0.1 mile offshore, off the N coast of Omi Shima. O-kuno Shima (3417'N., 13300'E.) lies N of Omi Shima, leaving a navigable width of 0.3 mile in the channel. A light is shown from the S end of the island; a beacon is shown from a drying rock at the SE end of the island. Lights are shown from several towers standing at the jetty heads of the port complex near Salzaki (3420'N., 3302'E.). The summit of the island is 108m high, and a large red and white pylon for overhead cables, near the summit, is very conspicuous. There are also conspicuous pylons on the N coast of Omi Shima, on the S coast of O-kuno Shima, and on the Honshu coast N of O-kuno Shima.8.25 8.25

8.26 Ko-kuno Shima, a round-topped islet, 84m high, lies about 0.4 mile W of O-kuno Shima. Shiraishi Sho, rocks drying 3.9m, lies between the islands. Matsu Shima, nearly 1 mile WSW of the S end of O-kuno Shima, has two summits, which appear as one from the SW. Tadanoumi Ko (3420'N., 13300'E.), a local port, lies about 1 mile N of O-kuno Shima. Kurami Saki, on which there is a shrine surmounted by a red light, lies close E of the E breakwater at Tadanoumi Ko. Ushikuso, a rock drying 2m and marked by a beacon, lies about 0.3 mile SE of Kurami Saki. Anchorage.Anchorage can be taken, in 13 to 16m, in the bay fronting Tadanoumi Ko.8.26 8.26

8.27 Osaki-kami-jima, on the W side of Mihara Seto, attains an elevation of 453m at Kanno Mine, its summit, located about 1 mile NW of Nakano Hana, the SE extremity of the island. Kanno Mine has conspicuous woods on its summit. Nakano Hana is a steep cliff, marked by a light. A steep granite Pub. 159

O-kuno Shima Light hill, 182m high, lies about 0.3 mile WNW of Nakano Hana. Oko Yama, a conical peak, 275m high, lies about 2.3 miles NNE of Kannon Mine. Mebaru Saki, marked by a light, lies at the NE end of Osakikami-jima. A conspicuous cliff caused by quarrying lies in the central part of the E coast of the island; iIt affords temporary anchorage to small vessels awaiting a favorable tidal current through the straits. Kodono Shima, 48m high, lies about 1 mile E of Mebaru Saki. A group of rocks, with a least depth of 4.6m and marked W by a lighted buoy, lies about 0.3 mile N of Kodono Shima, and a rock, 4.3m high, lies about 0.1 mile W of the islet. A rock, drying 0.6m, lies about 0.3 mile ENE of Kodono Shima, and a shoal, with a depth of 8.9m, lies about 0.3 mile farther NE. Ko-yoko Shima, 56m high, lies about 1.5 miles SSW of Kodono Shima and is joined at LW to O-yoko Shima, close S. The latter island has two summits, the W being 86m high. The N end of O-yoko Shima is a wooded peninsula which appears as a separate islet from a distance. A shoal, with a least depth8.27 8.27

8.28 Oge Shima (3411'N., 13256'E.) lies on the E side of Oge Seto. Oishino Mine, 211m high, the summit of the island, lies in its N part; the interior of the island is under intensive cultivation. A peninsula, forming the SW side of Oge Shima, has steep black cliffs on its W side and is marked by a light. Ko-oge Shima lies on the W side of Oge Seto, about 0.5 mile W of Oge Shima. Okinohera Mine, its summit, lies in the SW part of the island and is 133m high and conical. The island is composed of quartz and has been much quarried, especially on the S side of the summit, where a large white cliff, visible from a distance, has been formed. Deep-draft vessels entering Mihara Seto from the E should choose a suitable tide due to the depths of 8.9 to 10.1m about 1.8 miles NW of Hyakkan-jima. Vessels entering the W entrance via Kurushima Kaikyo have general depths of 18m to Onomichi-Itozaki Ko. Vessels in the vicinity of Ohama Saki should maintain nearly a mid-channel course, moving right when there is oncoming traffic. There are channels on either side of Karkare Se but vessels other than deep-draft vessels pass safely over the shoal. Between Kone Shima and O-kuni Shima, Gobori Hana, the NW end of Omi Shima, in line bearing 238 with Oko Yama, in the N part of Osaki-Kami-jima, leads midway between Noji Tai and Otani Iso.8.28 8.28 8.28 8.28 8.28

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The climate is extremely mild, with little precipitation. Good weather prevails and a typhoon passing has little effect. Except for Mihara Wan, the winds are mostly NE and S in spring and summer, and NNE and W in winter. In Mihara Wan, the winds are predominantly S to W.

TidesCurrents8.29

The tidal rise at Onomichi is 3.4m at springs and 2.7m at neaps. In Onomichi Seto, the maximum velocity is about 2.8 knots; the flood current flows E, and the ebb W. In Mihara Wan, the mean velocity of the current is about 0.5 to 1 knot.

DepthsLimitations8.29

8.29

8.29

8.29

Itosaki Wharf No. 2, fronting the railway station at Itosaki, in the NE part of Mihara Wan, has a depth of 10m alongside and a length of 185m; it can accommodate vessels up to 15,000 dwt. Itosaki Wharf No. 1 has a depth of 8.5m alongside and a length of 135m,; it can accommodate vessels up to 15,000 dwt. There is a private wharf, with a length of 205m, depths alongside of 4.5 to 7.5m, and a capacity of 10,000 dwt. A wharf at Onomichi, about 2.3 miles ENE of Kujiro Shima, has a depth of 6.5m alongside and a length of 404m; it can accommodate vessels up to 2,000 grt. A drydock at Onomichi is 350m long and 56m wide, with a depth of 7.4m; it can accommodate vessels up to 150,000 dwt.

Aspect8.29

Mebaru Saki Light

8.28

8.29

The two lights in the vicinity of Mebaru Saki, in line bearing 144, are good marks for passing between O-kuno Shima and Omi Shima. Mekari Saki Light is on the slopes, and the front light is low and difficult to see when there are conflicting lights.

8.29

Kujiro Shima, in the middle of the W entrance to Onomichi Seto, is 18.9m high, and wooded. Kokujira Shima, 11.9m high, lies close SE. A cement plant chimney, 65m high, is conspicuous close W of the railway station at Itosaki. A chimney, 63m high and showing a neon light, and with a large number of chimneys in the vicinity, lies on the SE side of the mouth of Nishi Kawa, the river emptying into the N part of Mihara Wan.

Pilotage Onomichi-Itosaki Ko (3423'N., 13310'E.)

World Port Index No. 61630 8.29 Onomichi-Itosaki Ko is a specified harbor in the N part of Mihara Seto. The harbor includes Mihara Wan and Onomichi Seto. The harbor is backed by mountains and is a good natural harbor enclosed by a large number of islands, including Mukai Shima. It is an industrial belt, with many factories and some shipyards; there is frequently marine traffic congestion. Large vessels enter and leave Onomichi Seto through the W entrance. The E entrance, N of Mukai Shima, is narrow and only used by small vessels with local knowledge. The area NW of Mukai Shima, and N of Takoma Hana (3423'N., 13315'E.), including Tosaki Seto, is part of Onomichi-Itosaki Ko.8.29 8.29

8.29

Pilotage is not compulsory at Itozaki. Inland sea pilots are available at Wada Misaki, Seisaki, and Hesaki and can be contacted on VHF channels 12 and 16 (call sign: Itozaki-ho-an). For further information, see paragraph 6.1. Pilotage is not compulsory at Onomichi. Harbor pilots are available at the anchorage off Kashima Island or off Kihara; VHF channels 16 and 12 are used.

Anchorage8.29

Mihara Wan provides sheltered anchorage for large and medium-sized vessels according to draft; the bottom is mud and sand in many places. To avoid the mud bank on the W side of Mi-hara Wan, keep the W side of Kone Shima, bearing more than 209 and open E of Aogi Hana. Vessels with dangerous Pub. 159

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Ushino Ura Light ko Shima, is 184m high, and consists of red-colored rocks; its W side is steep. Ka Shima (Ko Shima), about 0.5 mile W of Momo Shima, is 103m high, conical, and consists of broken red stones. Shira Ishi, a rocky islet, 6.1m high, lies about 0.6 mile S of Ka Shima. A reef extends about 0.4 mile SW of Ka Shima; Okinotaka Sowa, a rock with a depth of 4m, lies at its outer end; Taka Sowa, a rock drying 0.2m, lies in the central part of the reef. Niboneno Sho, midway between Ka Shima and Mukai Shima, is a group of rocks marked E by a lighted buoy; the W end of the group dries 2.4m while the E end dries 1.5m. Lights are shown from a breakwater on the E coast of Mukai Shima, 0.5 mile WNW of Niboneno Sho. Takoma, rocks with a least depth of 4.5m and marked S by a lighted buoy, lies nearly in the middle of the S entrance to Tosaki Seto. There are several channels between the islands separating Kurushima Kaikyo from Mihara Seto, but they are mostly narrow and intricate, and should not be attempted without local knowledge.8.30 8.30 8.30 8.30

Onomichi Light cargo are assigned anchorage in the vicinity of the harbor limit at the W entrance to Onomichi Seto.

Caution8.29

8.29

The passage between Kujira Shima and Kokujira Shima is narrow and should not be used by large vessels; both islets are bordered by shoals. Passage should not be made between Kokujira Shima and Iwashi-jima, as there are rocks with depths of about 1m. There is a shoal patch, with a least depth of 5.2m, mud, and swept to 4.4m, about 600m NE of Kujira Shima. Ushino Ura lies about 1.8 miles ENE of Kujira Shima and is marked by a light. A shoal patch, with a least depth of 4.7m, rough sand, and swept to 4.3m, lies about 0.3 mile W of Ushino Ura.

Approach to the East Entrance to Onomichi Seto (Mekari Seto to Tosaki Seto)8.30 Nagamoji Sowa, a rock awash, lies at the extremity of a reef extending about 410m SW from the NW extremity of Yoko Shima. Momo Shima (3422'N., 13316'E.), N of the W end of Yo8.30

Habu Ko (3417'N., 13311'E.)

World Port Index No. 61617 8.31 Habu Ko, a local port, lies in the S part of Inno Shima.

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The harbor comprises all of Nagasaki Seto and the W side of the N part of Yuge Seto. The main industry of the port is shipbuilding; the main portion of the Hitachi Shipyard is situated in the S part of Inno Shima. WindsWeather.The temperature is relatively high and there is little rainfall. The harbor, except for Mitsunosho Wan in its NE part, is calm throughout the year, as it is surrounded by islands. TidesCurrents.The flood current flows along the coast of Inno Shima, from Nagasaki Seto to the N entrance of Yugo Seto; the ebb current flows in the opposite direction. The maximum velocity of the tidal current at springs is 3.25 knots in Nagasaki Seto. DepthsLimitations.The largest drydock at the Hitachi Shipyard at Habu Ko is 282m long and 47m wide, with a depth of 11.3m; it can accommodate vessels up to 130,000 dwt. A berthing wall in the NW part of the harbor can berth vessels of 20,000 dwt; the berths have reported depths of 4 to 10.1m. Nagasaki Seto, occupying the W half of the harbor, has a least navigable width of about 90m. The N half is generally shallow, while the S half is generally over 10.1m deep, but with shoals in many places. Rocks and shoals extend up to 0.2 mile off the N coast of Yuge Shima. A rock, with a depth of 4.9m, lies about 0.2 mile N of Isega Hana, the W extremity of Yuge Shima. In the S entrance to Yuge Seto, a rock with a depth of 1.8m, lies about 0.1 mile offshore, about 0.2 mile W of the S end of Yuge Shima; in the narrows of this same strait, rocks and shoals extending from both sides restrict the navigable width to about 0.1 mile. Rocks, with depths of 4.9 to 5.8m, extend up to 410m N of Sa Shima. A rock, with a depth of less than 1m and marked N by a lighted buoy, lies between Isega Hana (3416'N., 13312'E.) and Itsuki Shima, about 0.5 mile W. There is a bridge, with a vertical clearance of about 24m, between Yuge Shima and Sa Shima, and an overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 40m, between the N end of Sa Shima and Ikina Shima. There is also an overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 30m, between the N end of Ikina Shima and Inno Shima. A lighted beacon stands in shoal water close to the SW point of Ikina Shima. A submarine pipeline is also laid across the strait 0.2 mile N of the submarine cables. A light is shown from the end of a breakwater extending from the shoreline of Iwagi Shima, 0.5 mile farther N. Aspect.Tengu Yama (3417'N., 13311'E.), a conical mountain, 208m high, with a TV tower on its summit, is conspicuous in the S part of Inno Shima. Mi Yama, 326m high, the N summit of Yuge Shima, is also conspicuous. A light (3417.4'N., 13310.5'E.) is shown from a white round concrete tower, 10m high, situated at the breakwater head on the NW side of the entrance to the principal harbor basin. A lighted buoy is moored about 0.2 mile off the N end of Yuge Shima. When entering from the S entrance of Yuge Seto, Kushi Yama, 199m high and rather conical, the S summit of Yuge Shima, is conspicuous. Pilotage.See paragraph 6.1. Anchorage.Mitsunosho Wan, in the NE part of Habu Ko, is open E, but is relatively calm except in E winds; it provides8.31 8.31 8.31 8.31 8.31 8.31 8.31 8.31 8.31 8.31 8.31 8.31 8.31 8.31

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anchorage, in 4.9 to 7m, in its outer part. 8.32 Setodo Ko (3419'N., 13306'E.), a local port entered from Mihara Seto, is enclosed by Kone Shima, Sagi Shima, and Ikuchi Shima. The main harbor installations lie on the E side of the channel between Ikuchi Shima and Kone Shima; a shipyard is situated at the NW end of Ikuchi Shima. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of about 22m, spans the channel between Kone Shima and Ikuchi Shima. TidesCurrents.The mean tidal rise at Setoda is 3.5m at springs and 2.7m at neaps. There are tidal currents of about 2.5 knots in the N entrance to the harbor, 2 knots in the E entrance, and 3.5 knots between Kone Shima and Ikuchi Shima. DepthsLimitations.The shipyard berthing wall has depths of 3.5 to 7m alongside. The largest drydock is 230m long and 36m wide, with a depth of 7m; it can accommodate vessels up to 37,000 dwt. A floating jetty, with a depth of 7m on its fairway side, lies on the E side of the channel between Kone Shima and Ikuchi Shima, and S of the bridge. The channel between Sagi Shima and Kone Shima is used by scheduled passenger vessels and was reported to be used by vessels of 1,000 grt making use of the tide. The channel between Sagi Shima and Ikuchi Shima is wide and deep, but there are many shoals E of the harbor limit; it is only used by small craft. The channel between Kone Shima and Ikuchi Shima has depths of 3 to 7m and a least width of about 90m. Pilotage.The shipyard dockmaster is to report to the pilot when the vessel is to enter the shipyard. For further information, see paragraph 6.18.32 8.32 8.32 8.32 8.32 8.32

Hakata Seto8.33 Hakata Seto leads from Mihara Seto to Bingo Nada, passing between Kone Shima and Omi Shima, then between Hakata Shima and Akahone-jima. Hyotan Shima (3417'N., 13303'E.), an islet, 48m high, lies near the middle of the N entrance to Hakata Seto. Shoals, with least depths of 3.6m, lie about 1 mile ENE and NE of Hyotan Shima. TidesCurrents.The tidal currents are strongest in the vicinity of the S entrance to Hakata Seto. Between Tsuba Shima and Kubito-Ko Saki, at the E end of Hakata Shima, the maximum velocity at springs reaches 5 knots. Farther N, the current weakens, with a minimum velocity of about 2 knots. In general, the SE (flood) current is somewhat stronger than the NW current. Kannon Yama, the summit of Ikuchi Shima, near the islands SW end, has twin peaks 475m and 478m high. Tatara Iso, a rock marked by a light, lies about 0.2 mile ENE of Tatara Misaki (Tatara Saki), at the E end of Omi Shima. Rocks, awash and drying, extend about 320m N of Tatari Saki, and Chitori Ishi, a rock with a depth of 11.5m, lies about 686m N of the same point. The tidal currents are strong in this vicinity, attaining a maximum velocity of 4.5 knots. Caution.A bridge, with a vertical clearance of about 40m, crosses Hakata Seto between Omi Shima and Ikuti Shima, in the vicinity of Tatara Iso. Gojno Taka, steep-to rocks, with a least depth of 5.9m, lie about 0.5 mile S of Gohammatsu Saki, at the S end of Ikuchi Shima.8.33 8.33 8.33 8.33 8.33 8.33

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Sector 8. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Eastern Part

on the flood and starboard side-to on the ebb. There is ample swinging room off the pier. One tug is sufficient for berthing and unberthing, but a powerful tug is necessary due to the current. Aspect.There are seaweed cultivation grounds (September to April) within about 300m offshore N and S of the T-head pier. Hanagui Seto, branching off Hakata Seto, between Omi Shima and Hakata-jima, is S-shaped, with a minimum navigable width of about 90m. The tidal currents are strong and there are dangerous rocks in its narrowest part. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 36m, crosses the narrowest part. An overhead power cable, with a vertical clearance of 35m, spans the channel close NE of the bridge. Hanaguri Seto is used by local ferries and small vessels, and should not be used without local knowledge and experience. A light is shown from a round concrete tower standing on a rocky islet situated on the N side of the narrows. Pilotage.See paragraph 6.1.8.35 8.35 8.35 8.35

8.33

Mukaiyama Misaki, 39m high, lies about 0.5 mile E of Gohammatsu Saki. Sato Sho, a rock with less than 1m, and Mekari Sho, a dangerous rock, lies about 0.3 and 0.8 mile ESE, respectively, of Mukaiyama Misaki; a rock, with a depth of 4.4m, lies about 0.1 mile S of Mekari Sho. A lighted beacon stands in shoal water 1 mile ENE of Mekari Sho. A second lighted beacon is situated 300m farther NE.

8.34

8.34

8.34 Sekizen Yama (3415'N., 13309'E.), the summit of Iwagi-jima, is 368m high, and has a ridge extending E-W; from the E or W, it appears as a sharp peak, but from the N or S, it appears to have a flat top. Hoko San, 304m high and pointed, is the summit of Hakatajima and is conspicuous in the middle of the W part of the island. Kanzai Dashi, a rock with a depth of 9.5m, lies about 0.3 mile NW of Tobyo Bana, the N extremity of Hakata-jima. Kubito Saki, 38m high, lies at the E end of Hakata-jima; Kubito-Ko Shima (Kubagashira Shima), 17.1m high and conical, lies close off the point. Wanwan Se, a rock with a depth of 5.2m and marked N by a lighted buoy, lies at the outer end of a group of detached rocks, with depths of 4.9 to 6.7m, extending about 0.6 mile N of Kubito-Ko Shima. Akahone-jima, SE of Iwagi Shima, has a 160m summit in its SE part. Depths of less than 4.9m extend up to 0.2 mile off the W side of Akahone-jima. Akahone-jima lies close SE of Iwagi Shima and is separated from it by a very narrow channel spanned by two overhead cables with a least vertical clearance of about 26m. A light is shown from a round, concrete tower standing 1 mile ENE of Mekari Sho. A beacon exhibiting a light stands about 5 miles WNW. Iwagi Ko (3414.5'N., 13309.0'E.), protected by a breakwater, lies on the S side of Iwagi Shima. A light is shown on the head of the breakwater; another light is shown on the E side of the harbor. A detached breakwater has been constructed to the W of the harbor entrance. Tsuba Shima divides the E entrance to Hakata Seto into N and S channels. The summit of the island, 88m high, lies near the S end of the island and is faced by a rocky cliff. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 42m, crosses the S channel between Kubito Saki and Tsuba Shima. Overhead cables, with vertical clearances of about 32m and 40m, cross the narrow N channel between Tsuba Shima and Akahone-jima.

8.34

8.34

Inokuchi Ko8.35 Inokuchi Ko (3416'N., 13303'E.), a local port, lies in the middle of the E side of Omi Shima. It is the site of an oil storage depot with a large number of oil tanks. TidesCurrents.The tidal current is fairly strong off the T-head pier, decreasing shoreward. The current flows parallel to the coast in the vicinity, but off the buoys, an offshore set may be experienced, especially marked with an ebb current. Seven tugs are available. DepthsLimitations.A T-head pier, with a berthing face of 71m, extends from the shore at Inokuchi Ko. It has depths of 9.5m alongside and can accommodate tankers up to 35,000 dwt. There are four mooring buoys N and S of the pier, which is floodlit. A smaller jetty lies about 0.3 mile farther NW. Vessels normally berth heading into the current, port side-to

8.35

8.35

8.35

8.36 Miyanokubo Seto, the passage between Hakata Shima and O Shima, is divided by U Shima (3411'N., 13305'E.), near its E end, into Funaore Seto and Kojin Seto. The latter passages have a least navigable width of about 90m and the tidal currents are very strong; they should be avoided by vessels without local knowledge and experience. The tidal currents at springs attain a maximum velocity of 9 knots. About 40 per cent of the small vessels, mostly under 500 grt, going through the Naikai use this passage, as it is shorter than going through Kurushima Kaikyo. The majority of the vessels generally use Funaore Seto, N of U Shima; care is necessary as there are many fishing vessels. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of about 23m, spans the W entrance to the narrows between O Shima and Michika Shima. Yanagino Seto (3418'N., 13254'E.) is the channel between the various islands on the NW side of Osaki-Kami-jima and the Honshu coast. There is deep water and a least navigable width of about 0.5 mile. The E entrance is divided into Takasaki Seto and Karashima Seto. TidesCurrents.The maximum velocity of the tidal current at springs is about 2 knots. The E current flows for about 1 hour and 40 minutes after LW in the area to about 1 hour and 40 minutes after HW. The W current flows for about 1 hour and 40 minutes after HW in the area to about 1 hour and 40 minutes after LW. Aba Shima (3419'N., 13258'E.), in the E entrance to Yanagino Seto, has two summits; the S summit is 100m high, and the N summit is 74m high and pointed. Depths of less than 10.1m extend up to 0.8 mile off the E side of the island. Mote Sho, with a least depth of 0.6m, lies about 0.5 mile SW of the NW end of Aba Shima. Dodono Sho, two rocks with depths of 3.5m and 3.9m, lie nearly midway between Mote Sho and the NW end of Aba Shima. Takehara Ko lies at the mouth of a river about 1 mile W of Aba Shima. Mitsu Ishi, a steep-to, isolated reef, lies about 0.5 mile SSE of the head of the breakwater at Takehara Ko. Anchorage.Large vessels can anchor, in 15 to 17m, about 500m SW of the head of the breakwater at Takehara Ko. Lumber vessels of 10,000 grt are reported to anchor about 1 mile SW of the breakwater head, in 22m, sand and shell, good hold8.36 8.36 8.36

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ing ground; it is a good anchorage, but it receives the countercurrent of the tidal current in Yanagino Seto, with a reported velocity up to 2 knots. 8.37 Ikari Shima (3418'N., 13253'E.), a rock, 8.1m high and marked by a light, lies about 2.5 miles SW of Takehara Ko. Shoal ground extends to the headland close N. Islands lie in the entrances to Mitsu Wan and Mitsukuchi Wan. Aka Saki, the E entrance of Mitsu Wan, is a very conspicuous, steep, red headland. Karafune Shima, 25m high, lies about 0.3 mile SE of Aka Saki; a drying bank extends about 0.2 mile NE of the islet. Aino Shima, 32m high, and O-shiba Shima, 122m high, each covered with peach trees, lie about 1.5 miles W and 2 miles WSW, respectively, of Aka Saki. Ko-shiba Shima, close SW of the S end of O-shiba Shima, is 32m high, with a red cliff in its SW part. Uma Shima, 68m high, lies about 0.5 mile farther WSW. Shimo-Ikari Iso, a rock, 2m high and marked by a light, lies about 0.3 mile SE of Uma Shima; a rock, with a depth of 8.9m, lies about 0.2 mile SW of ShimoIkari Iso. Yoko Shima (3414'N., 13246'E.), a wooded islet, 36m high, lies about 1 mile SW of Uma Shima. A rock, 2.5m high, lies about 0.3 mile NE of the N end of Yoko Shima. Sakumi Shima, 131m high, lies close off the NE end of Osaki-Kami-jima. Kara Shima lies about 0.8 mile farther NNE. Sakumini Mo, a mud bank with depths of 1.4 to 4.6m, lies about 0.2 mile N of Sakumi Shima. Sakumini Ishi, a steep-to rock with a depth of 4.6m, lies about 0.3 mile NW of Sagumini Mo. The S end of Matsu Shima, bearing 094, and in line with Jio San (3417'N., 13301'E.) in the NE part of Omi Shima, leads about 137m N of Sagumini Ishi.8.37 8.37 8.37

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and Ikino Shima. Tsukuga Shima (3415'N., 13300'E.), 47m high, is the W of the islands off the NW coast of Osaki-Kami Shima. A drying reef extends about 0.4 mile N of the island. A light is shown from the NW extremity of the reef. Kuru Shima, 68m high, lies about 2.3 miles SW of Tsukuga Shima, and appears to have two summits when viewed from the E or W. Caution.There are many rocks, shoals, submarine pipelines, and obstructions between the islands off the NW side of Osaki-Kami Shima; passage between the islands, or between the islands and Osaki-Kami, should not be attempted without local knowledge.8.38 8.38 8.38

8.38 Ikuno Shima (Ikino Shima), a wooded island, lies close NW of the N end of Osaki-Kami Shima. It has two conspicuous wooded summits; the NW summit is 154m high, and the other is 159m high. A lighted buoy is moored close off the N end of the island. Chirigi Shima, about 0.3 mile off the NW side of Ikuno Shima, has three hills joined by beaches of gravel; the central and highest hill is 37m high. A factory on the low ground in the N part of the island, and a large chimney on the summit of the island, are very conspicuous. A 3.1m patch lies about 0.3 mile W of the S hill. Usu Shima, about 1 mile W of Ikuno Shima, has a 69m high summit near its N end. Ko-Usu Shima, 51m high, lies close E of the N part of Usu Shima. Overhead power cables, with a vertical clearance of 44m, cross Yanagino Seto from the N extremity of Usu Shima. Overhead power cables, with a vertical clearance of 28m, cross the channel between Usu Shima and Naga Shima. Naga Shima, about 0.6 mile SW of Usu Shima, has some red cliffs. Tsuzuki Shima, rocks, 6.7m high, lies about 0.4 mile W of the NW end of Naga Shima; groups of rocks lie between Tsuzuki Shima and the NW coast of Naga Shima. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 25m, is built across the channel between Osaki Kami Shima and Naga Shima. Bridge lights are shown to show the channel. Overhead power cables, with a least vertical clearance of 28m, span the channel close N of the bridge. An overhead power cable, with a vertical clearance of 40m, spans the channel between Osaki Kami Shima8.38 8.38 8.38 8.38 8.38

8.39 Neko Seto (3412'N., 13240'E.) is the deep, narrow channel about 0.5 mile wide, with a depth of about 50m, between Shimo-kamagari-jima and the coast of Honshu. Its navigable width in its narrowest part is about 0.3 mile. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 36m, crosses the channel. TidesCurrents.The turn of the tide at the W entrance, N of Shimo-kamagari-jima, occurs about the same time as in the central channel of Kurushima Kaikyo. The E current flows for about 1 hour 30 minutes after LW until about 1 hour 30 minutes after HW. The W current flows for about 1 hour 30 minutes after HW until about 1 hour 30 minutes after LW. The velocity of the current is about 0.5 times that in the central channel of Kurushima Kaikyo. The current velocity S of Kashiwa Shima is about 1.25 times that at the W entrance and the turn of the tide occurs about 30 minutes earlier; the maximum velocity of the current at springs here is 5.5 knots. Aspect.Meneko Shima (3412'N., 13251'E.), 21m high, with small trees and marked by a light at its SW end, lies at the narrow part of Neko Seto. A rock, with a depth of 4.9m, lies about 0.2 mile E of Meneko Shima. Kashiwa Shima, 135m high and covered with dense dark woods, lies on the N side of the E entrance to Neko Seto, and is conspicuous against the background of grassy hills in the vicinity. Kasane Iwa Light, about 1 mile W of Meneko Shima, is shown from the W entrance point of Nigata Wan. Kami-Kamagari Shima and Shimo-Kamagari-jima, on the S side of the channel, have many orange groves; the mountains sweep down to their steep-to shores. A lighted buoy is moored close off the SW extremity of the island. Nigata Ku (Nigata Wan), on the N side of Neko Seto, is part of Kure Ko. At the head of the bay there are several hotels. Nigata Ku provides anchorage, in depths of over 14m, good holding ground, but it is reported that wind and sea penetrate the bay during strong S winds. There is a quay, with a reported depth of 5m alongside, in Nigata Ku which is used by a train ferry. 8.40 Akashi Seto (Akasi Seto) (3412'N., 13253'E.) is the channel between the S coast of Osaki-Kami Shima and Okamura-jima to the S. The fairway of the channel is deep; the narrowest part is about 0.4 mile wide. A beacon marks a rock, which dries 1.8m, about 0.5 mile NNW of the N extremity of Okamua-jima. A light is shown on the head of a breakwater on the N side of Akashi Seto near its narrowest part. Several submarine cables are laid across Akashi Seto.8.39 8.39 8.39 8.39 8.39 8.39 8.39 8.40 8.40

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TidesCurrents.The turn of the tidal current is about 1 hour earlier than in the central channel of Kurushima Kaikyo. The E current flows for about 30 minutes after the time of local LW to about 30 minutes after the time of local HW. The W current flows for about 30 minutes after the time of local HW to about 30 minutes after the time of local LW. The maximum velocity of the current at springs is 2.25 knots. Okamura-jima, close W of Ko-oge Shima, has two summits in line in its NW and central parts; Kono Mine, the central and highest, is 221m high. The narrow channel between Ko-oge Shima and Okamura Shima has a depth of about 20m in its narrow part, and is crossed by an overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of about 27.1m.

8.41 Mitarai Seto (3411'N., 13252'E.) is the channel between Okamura Shima and Osaki-shimo Shima. O Shima, 99m high and marked by a light at its N end, lies in the N entrance. Hera Shima, 78m high, and Ko Shima, 79m high, lie close W and SE, respectively, of O Shima. Okino Su, with a depth of 3.4m, rock bottom, and steep-to on its E side, lies in the S entrance. The Okamura-jima side of Mitarai Seto has depths of over 10.1m and is used by small ferries; it should not be attempted without local knowledge. Overhead cables, with vertical clearances of about 38m and 41m, cross Mitarai Seto. Bridges, each with a vertical clearance of 21m, span the passages E and W of O Shima. Mitarai Ko, a local harbor, occupies Mitarai Seto and the N coast of Osaka-shimo Shima. The main part of the harbor lies on the W side of the S part of Mitarai Seto. It is used by small vessels on passage through the Naikai as a port of shelter and for waiting for the tide. Anchorage.The tidal currents change direction continually in the vicinity of the S entrance to Mitarai Seto and it is not a good anchorage. A position about 500m W of Kannon Saki, the S extremity of Okamura-jima, is suitable as a temporary anchorage, in 20 to 30m, sand, good holding ground. Okamura Ko, at the head of the bay on the SE side of Okamura Shima, is protected by breakwaters, but is only suitable for small craft. A light is shown from the head of the E breakwater.8.41 8.41 8.41 8.41 8.41

O Shima Light The passage between Osaki-shimo Shima and Toyo Shima has a least navigable width of about 0.1 mile, with depths of over 20m. Nagaskai Garama, rocks with a depth of 10.7m, lie in the N entrance, about 90m W of the W end of Mikado Shima. A shoal, with a depth of 14.9m, lies about 0.3 mile farther SW. In the S entrance, Suzume Iso, a rocky islet, 6.7m high, lies about 0.2 mile W of the W extremity of Osaki-shimo Shima. Okino Ishi, a rock with a depth of 1.8m, lies about 0.2 mile SW of Suzume Iso. The tidal currents are strong, attaining a maximum velocity of 6 knots at springs. Caution.An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 22.9m, runs between Osaki-shimo Shima and Mikdao Shima.8.42 8.42 8.42

Osaki-Shimo Shima to Kami-Kamagari Shima

8.42 Osaki-shimo Shima (Osaki-simo Shima) (3410'N., 13250'E.) has a bare hill, with a double summit, at the E end of the island; its E slope descends to the town of Mitarai. Ippoji Yama, the flat summit of the island, attains an elevation of 449m, about 1 mile W of the E end of the island, and from it there is a gradual slope to steep cliffs at the W end of the island; the island is almost completely bordered by orange groves. Osaki-shimo Shima, E of Toyo Shima, is separated by a channel. The narrowest part of this channel is spanned by an overhead cable with a vertical clearance of 48m. In 1992, a bridge spanning the channel was under construction. Mikado Shima (Sankaku-jima), 110m high, lies about 0.3 mile off the NW coast of Osaki-shimo Shima. Maru Ishi, a rock with a depth of 0.5m, lies about 0.1 mile NE of the N end of Mikado Shima.

8.42

8.43 Toyo Shima (3410'N., 13247'E.) has N and S summits; the S summit is 309m high, pointed, and conspicuous. The island is covered with orange trees. The passage between Toyo Shima and Kamikamagari Shima should not be attempted without local knowledge due to the strong currents and the dangers in the S approach. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 50m, spans passage. Ni Shima, 15.8m high and marked by a light, lies close off the NE extremity of Kami-kamagari Shima, in the N approach. Aka Ishi, a rock with a depth of 0.9m, lies about 0.4 mile NW of Ni Shima. Sasa-jima, 21m high, lies about 0.4 mile SE of Ni Shima; other islets, rocks, and shoals lie between Sasa-jima and the coast SW. Okubi-jima, in the S approach, lies with its NE end about 0.2 mile S of the SW extremity of Toyo Shima. The island has three summits, the highest, 99m high, at its NE end. A 5.9m8.43 8.43 8.43

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patch and a 6.9m patch lie about 0.3 mile NE and 0.2 mile N, respectively, of the NW end of Okubi-jima; a 2.7m patch lies close S of the latter patch. Kamo Se, 15.8m high and marked by a light, lies about 0.3 mile SSW of the SW end of Okubi-jima; a rock, drying 2.1m, lies about 0.1 mile E of Kamo Se. Taishi Shima, 32m high and covered with pine trees, lies about 0.5 mile WNW of the NW end of Okubi-jima. Futamado Shima, about 14.9m high, lies on a drying reef, about 0.4 mile S of Taishi Shima; sunken rocks lie between Taishi Shima and the reef. Kami-kamagari Shima (Kami-kamakari Shima), close W of Toyo Shima, is nearly covered with orange groves. Shichi-kokumi Yama, 457m high, the summit of the island, lies near the center of the island. Kamagari Ko is a bay located in the middle of the N side of the island, with the town of Tado at its head. A light is shown from the W extremity of a breakwater extending W into the bay. Ko-matsu Shima lies about 0.4 mile off the middle of the N side of Kami-kamagari Shima. A 7.8m patch and a rock, with a depth of less than 1.8m, lies about 0.2 mile WNW, and 0.1 mile SE, respectively, of Ko-matsu Shima. O-matsu Shima lies about 0.2 mile ESE of Ko-matsu Shima; a rock, with a depth of less than 1.8m, lies about 0.1 mile S of O-matsu Shima. Anchorage.Temporary anchorage can be taken, in 10 to 20m, mud, off the side of Kami-kamagari Shima during NE winds. 8.44 Sannose Seto (3411'N., 13241'E.), the passage between Kami-kamagari Shima and Shimo-kamagari-jima, is only about 0.1 mile wide in its narrowest part. The passage8.43 8.43 8.43 8.43 8.43

197

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should not be attempted without local knowledge. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of about 33m, and a bridge, with a vertical clearance of about 22.9m, crosses the passage between Kami-kamagari Shima and Shimokamagari Shima. Several fish havens, consisting of sunken hulks or concrete blocks, lie both in the N and S entrances to Sannose Seto. TidesCurrents.The turn of the tidal current is about 1 hour 15 minutes earlier than in Kurushima Kaikyo. The maximum velocity at springs reaches 6 knots. Aspect.Ohira Yama (Taihei San) (Oitari Yama), 275m high, the summit of Shimo-kamagari-jima, lies nearly in its center. A shoal, with a least depth of 6.4m, extends about 0.3 mile SE from Shiro Saki, at the NE end of the island. Ko-jima (Ko Shima), 20m high, lies in the S entrance to Sennose Seto, about 0.3 mile S of Kushi Saki, the SW extremity of Kami-kamagari Shima. Rocks and shoals extend about 0.1 mile N and 0.15 mile S of Ko-jima; a rock, 5.5m high, lies about 0.2 mile SSW of the islet. Hikube Shima, a rock, 14.9m high, lies about 1 mile SSW of Ko-jima. Hira Iwa, a rock, 2.1m high, lies close W of Hikube Shima; a depth of 73m lies about 0.1 mile farther W. Okino Sone, with a depth of 9.2m, lies about 0.2 mile E of Hikube Shima. Kami-kuro Shima, 83m high, is located about 0.4 mile SW of Hibuke Shima; depths of less than 10.1m extend about 0.4 mile SW of the island. Shimo-kuro Shima, 102m high, is located about 0.4 mile W of Kami-kuro Shima. Otono Ishi, a rock with a depth of 4.5m, lies about 0.3 mile ESE of the SW extremity of Shimo-kuro Shima.

SECTOR 9 CHART INFORMATION

Plan.This sector describes, from E to W, the E and SE side of Aki Nada, from the vicinity of Kajitorino Hana on the mainland of Shikoku, SW to Matsuyama Ko, including the off-lying islands and dangers. The sector continues W to Obatake Seto, with a description of the islands and islets S of Hashira-jima Suido and then trends N along the coast to Hiroshima Ko, including Hiroshima Wan, Itsukushima Kaikyo, and Ono Seto. The sector concludes by going S to Hiro Wan, including the adjacent islands and straits.

General Remarks9.1 Aki Nada lies W of Hiuchi Nada, NE of Iyo Nada, and E of Hiroshima Wan. The main routes shown on the charts lead SW through Aki Nada, from Kurushima Kaikyo to Tsurushima Kaikyo, the widest of several channels between Aki Nada and Iyo Nada. Hiroshima Wan is the largest bay and lies W of Aki Nada and N of Iyo Nada. Hiroshima Ko and Kure Ko, at the head of the bay, are large important harbors. The port of Iwakuni Ko lies on the W side of Hiroshima Wan. TidesCurrents.In Aki Nada, in the area between the W entrance off Kurushima Kaikyo and the N entrance of Tsurishima Kaikyo, the tidal current has a tendency to set N during the flood tide and S during the ebb. At night or in thick weather, caution is necessary. Between the vicinity of the W entrance of Kurushima Kaikyo and the vicinity of the islands of Ai-jima and Ko-Ai-jima, the flood tidal current sets NE from about 2 hours after LW by the shore until about 2 hours after HW. The ebb current sets SW from about 2 hours after HW until about 2 hours after LW. The change is about 30 minutes in advance of that in the W channel of Kurushima Kaikyo. Except close to the shore, the maximum velocity at springs is about 2 knots. Although a cross-channel set is seldom experienced in Tsurishima Kaikyo, caution is necessary when the tidal current is at its maximum velocity of 3 to 3.5 knots. In Kudako Suido, the tidal currents attain their greatest velocities of 5 to 6.5 knots in the W and E channels, respectively, of Kudako-jima. It is sometimes difficult or impossible for some vessels to maintain their headings in this area. Tidal currents in Hiroshima Wan are weak, being about 0.5 knot, and the general set is in a N and S direction. In the narrow passages between the smaller islands, the velocity is about 1 to 2 knots. The direction and velocity vary considerably from day to day.9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1

points lie within 1 mile of the coast. Kajitorino Hana is marked by a light. A terminal for oil and LPG tankers is situated about 0.7 mile E of Kajitori Hana. A T-head jetty at the center of the terminal can accommodate oil tankers of up to 125,000 dwt, or LPG tankers of up to 67,000 dwt. Berth No. 1, Berth No. 2, and Berth No. 3, to the W of the T-head jetty, can accommodate tankers of between 3,000 and 6,500 dwt. Berth No. 4, Berth No. 5, and Berth No. 6, to the E, can accommodate tankers between 3,500 and 10,000 dwt. Lights are shown from the T-head jetty and from the outermost E and W dolphins. Berthing is carried out in daylight when the current is nearly slack. Two to four tugs are required, depending on the size of vessel. Obe Wan (3406'N., 13254'E.) indents the coast to the E, between the projection of which Kajitorino Hana is the extremity and Suwano Hana, a point about 3 miles to the S. The town of Obe stands on the NE shore of the bay. A shoal, with depths of 10.4 to 11.0m, lies to the middle of the bay. Anchorage.Obe Wan is open W, but affords good anchorage, in depths of 11 to 14.6m, mud, with Mi Saki, a point on the N side of the entrance to the bay, bearing 315 and Ke Shima, an islet 2.75 miles S of Kajitorino Hana, bearing 225. Itsuki-jima lies 5 miles to the W of Kajitorino Hana and is a good landmark for vessels transiting Aki Nada. Shira Ishi, two prominent rocks, lie about 2.5 miles SW of the summit on Itsuki-jima. Aji Iwa (3404'N., 13251'E.), with a depth of 2m, lies 1.5 miles WSW of Ke Shima. The rock is marked by a lighted buoy moored 0.1 mile off its NNE side. A shoal, with a least depth of 5.8m, lies 0.3 mile W of Aji Iwa, and is marked on its SW side by a lighted buoy.9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2

Kikuma Ko (3402'N., 13250'E.)

World Port Index No. 62060 9.3 Kikuma Ko is a harbor subjected to immigration and harbor regulations; it is located about 4.5 miles SW of Obe Wan. The inner harbor is protected by a breakwater. The town of Kikuma stands on the E side of the harbor. WindsWeather.Throughout the year the wind is generally from the NE and is very strong at times. Small vessels generally seek shelter in the inner part of the harbor during strong NE winds. DepthsLimitations. Kikuma Ko Tanker Port is situated about 1.3 miles NE of Kikuma Ko Breakwater. The port consists of a dolphin berth connected to the shore by a jetty and a sea berth made up of mooring buoys. Depths at the dolphin berth are from 15.5m alongside; depths at the sea berth are from 20 to 30m. The berths cannot be used during heavy weather. Vessels usually berth on the flood and lie heading SW. The port is capable of handling tankers up to 280m in length and 125,000 dwt. There is a pier in Kikuma Ko outer harbor, with depths of up9.3 9.3 9.3

Aki NadaEast PartShikoku Coast

9.2 Between Kajitorino Hana (3407'N., 13254'E.) and Kikuma Ko, about 6 miles to the SW, lies the NW coast of Shikoku, which forms the SE side of Aki Nada. The coast in this area consists of a number of small bays and coves backed by rolling hills and mountains. Most dangers between the two

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Sector 9. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Aki Nada, Tsurushima Kaikyo, and Hiroshima Wanmouth of the Kuma Gawa. 9.6 Horie Ko (3354'N., 13245'E.) lies on the SE side of Horie Wan and is protected by an off-lying breakwater showing a light on its SW end. A second breakwater, also showing a light, lies on the E side of the harbor. The depths in the main part of the harbor range from 4 to 7m. There is a floating jetty in the port, which can berth two vessels of the 1,000 grt class at the inner end. A light is shown from a white tower on the N breakwater head at Yanigihara, a small harbor 3 miles NNE of Horie Ko.9.6 9.6

to 4.5m alongside. A submarine pipeline is laid from the sea berth SSE to the shore. Reclamation is being carried out SE of the landfall of the pipeline. Aspect.There are three tall television towers on a hill ESE of the breakwater that serve as a good mark when entering the harbor. A light is shown from the breakwater. Numerous tanks and chimneys stand near the oil terminal. At night, the lights of the terminal may be seen for a considerable distance. Pilotage.Pilotage is not compulsory, but the Naikai Pilot Service will provide a pilot. The pilot is obtained at the port of Kure Ko. Anchorage.Anchorage may be found about 0.3 mile W of the oil sea berth, in depths of 15 to 30m. The holding ground is good, but the current offshore is very strong. The outer harbor of Kikuma Ko affords anchorage with good holding ground, but it is unsafe in the face of strong NE winds. During winter months, strong NW winds prevail.9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3

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9.4 Matsuga Saki (3402'N., 13250'E.) lies about 0.5 mile SW of the breakwater head at Kikuma Ko. The point is closely fringed by a reef and foul ground. Senbagazake Hana lies about 1.5 miles SW of Matsuga Saki and appears as a dark and precipitous point. The point is easily distinguished as it is in marked contrast with the other light gray points in the vicinity. Shiode Iso (3401'N., 13248'E.), 0.9m high and surrounded by rocks that dry, lies on the extremity of a shallow spit that extends about 0.5 mile N from the shore, and 0.75 mile W of Senbagazake Han. A light is shown from Shiode Iso. Hazumano Hana is a prominent salient point, about 1.5 miles SW of Shiode Iso. Strong tide rips form close off the point. A light is shown from Hazumano Hana. Ka Shima (3358'N., 13246'E.), a round-topped thicklywooded islet, lies 1.5 miles S of Hazumano Hana, and 0.25 mile W of the entrance to the port of Hojo Ko. Ko-Ka Shima, a small islet, Gyokurikandori Iwa, a group of rocks, and Chigiri Iwa, a rock, all lie within 0.5 mile WSW of Ka Shima. A light is shown from the head of the breakwater at the NE point of Ka Shima. An overhead cable joins the islet to the coast.

9.6

Takahama Seto (Shijushima Seto) (3353'N., 13242'E.) is the strait between Gogo Shima and the mainland coast of Shikoku. The N entrance to the strait lies between Ken Saki, the E extremity of Gogo Shima, and Shiraishi Bana, on the mainland. The S entrance lies between Kuro Saki, the SE extremity of Gogo Shima, and Shiju Shima, 1.5 miles S of Shiraishi Bana. TidesCurrents.The maximum rate attained is about 2.5 knots, but both the rate and direction of the current vary considerably from time to time due to the diurnal inequality and to wind currents. DepthsLimitations.Mid-channel depths are deep in Shijushima Seto, which has a least navigable width of about 0.3 mile at the S entrance between Kuro Saki and Shiju Shima. A 5.2m shoal lies 0.5 mile S of Kuro Saki and is marked on its W side by a lighted buoy.

Matsuyama Ko (3351'N., 13242'E.)

World Port Index No. 62030 9.7 The port of Matsuyama Ko (Mitsuhama Ko) lies on the E side of the S approach to Shijushima Seto (Takahama Seto) Seto. The small harbors of Nishi-Habu Hakuchi, Taka-hama Ko, and Matsuyama Kanko Hakuchi, which form part of the port, lie 2.5 miles S, 1.25 miles N, and 2 miles N, respectively, of the main harbor. The main harbor is divided into an inner harbor and an outer harbor. The port has anchorage and berthing facilities for large vessels. WindsWeather.The wind is mostly from the NW and strongest from February to April. The areas within the breakwaters are sheltered from wind and sea. The weather is generally clear, except during June and July, when dense fog may be encountered. DepthsLimitations.The controlling depth in the channel is 10.9m. The outer harbor has six main berths up to 400m long, with depths alongside of 7.4 to 13.1m. Generally, tanker vessels up to 50,000 dwt, 240m in length, and 12m draft can be handled alongside. Cargo vessels of 26,500 dwt, 170m in length, and 10.3m draft can be accommodated. The inner harbor has depths of 4m. Pilotage.Naikai Pilot Service provides pilots for the port through the pilot station at Kure. Pilotage is not compulsory but is advisable for vessels without local knowledge. An aircraft approach area as shown on the chart lies in the S entrance to Takahama Seto. Mariners approaching Matsuyama Ko through this area should exercise caution, maintaining a distance from the shore, depending on masthead height, at least9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7

9.5 Hojo Ko (3358'N., 13246'E.) is a local harbor located about 1.5 miles S of Hazumano Hana. There is a floating jetty at the inner end of the inner harbor, with a depth of 2.4 to 3.1m alongside. The town of Hojo lies E of the harbor. The harbor is protected by a N and S breakwater, and a light is shown from the head of the N breakwater. Horie Wan is the S part of the bight which lies between Hazumano Hana and Shiraishi Bana. The open bay is exposed to winds from the N and W. The mouth of the Kuma Kawa, which dries, flows into the S side of the bay. Anchorage.The bay affords good anchorage, except when the winds are from W to N, in 12.8m, with Tsumuri Zaki, the NE extremity of Gogo Shima, bearing 293, distant about 2 miles. Temporary anchorage, in depths of 11 to 16m, can be taken with Tsumuri Zake bearing 262, distant about 2 to 2.75 miles. Caution.Care is necessary to avoid the shallow water dangers when entering the bay and the submarine cables near the9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5

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Masthead height 15m 23m 31m 39m 47m 57m 66m

12.8m lies 0.75 mile N of its N extremity. Tano Shima, a small islet, lies close off the NE extremity of Nokutsuna-jima. A light is shown from Ushigakuchi Hana, the SE extremity of the island. Muzuki-jima (3358'N., 13240'E.) lies about 0.5 mile W of Nokutsuna-jima and forms the W side of Imoko Seto, the strait between the two islands. The village of Muzuki lies at the head of a bight on the S side of the island. Imoko Shima, a steep-to islet, lies midway between Muzuki-jima and Nokutsuna-jima, in Imoko Seto. Anchorage.Anchorage can be obtained off Tomari, opposite Takahama Ko, in a depth of 33m, about 0.3 mile offshore.9.8 9.8

Naka-Jima9.9 Naka-Jima (3358'N., 13237'E.), with its SE extremity lying close W of Muzuki-jima and are connected to each other by an overhead cable, with a clearance of 23.8m. The NW side of the island forms the E side of Kudako Suido, and the W side of the island forms the E side of Heyano Seto. The S coast lies N of the W entrance to Tsurushima Kaikyo. Tobino Hana, a promontory, is located about the middle of the NW side of Naka-jima. A light is shown from a red tower on the breakwater head of a small harbor 0.4 mile S of Tobino Hana. The island is mostly mountainous, with Osato Yama, its summit, rising in about the middle of the island. The coastline of Naka-jima is indented with coves and bays, most of which are shallow but are suitable as a refuge for small craft. Uta Zaki, the N extremity of the island, shows a light, as does Shirono Hana, the SW extremity. Aka Saki, the S extremity of the island, forms the W side of a bight, suitable as an anchorage, with a depths of 11 to 16.5m. Taka Shima is a small islet close off the S coast of Naka-jima; it forms the E end of the above-mentioned bight. The islet has two high points of nearly equal height and appears as two islets when observed from a distance. Tono Shima, a rocky islet, lies almost 0.5 mile SE of Taka Shima. Fuguri Iwa, a black detached rock, 2m high, lies 0.5 mile SSE of Aka Saki. The top of the rock is white and conspicuous. The rock is marked on its SE side by a lighted beacon. 9.10 Ai-jima (3404'N., 13243'E.) lies 4 miles NE of Uta Zaki, the N extremity of Naka-jima. Shallow depths surround the island within 0.1 mile of the shore, which is fringed by reefs. A light is shown from the SE side of the island. Temporary anchorage is afforded small vessels in the shallow bight which indents the S side of Ai-jima. Ko-Ai-jima, a reef fringed islet, is densely wooded and lies about 1.3 miles SE of Ai-jima. Except for the S side, shoal depths lie within 0.15 mile of the islets shore. O-tateba-jima (3402'N., 13235'E.), 108m high and covered with brush, lies about 6.5 miles SW of Ai-jima. The island should not be approached within 0.1 mile, as it is fringed by shoals. Ko-tateba-jima lies about 0.3 mile NE of O-tateba-jima; the channel between the two islands is shoal. Shira Ishi lies about 1.8 miles W of O-tateba-jima, and is comprised of three above-water rocks that lie on a reef. The W rock is 9m high and white. The reef runs N and S for about 0.3 mile; a light is shown from the N rock. Pub. 159

Anchorage.Anchorage can be obtained, in a depth of about 14.6m, sand, about 0.3 mile WNW of the head of the inner breakwater. In winter, when strong W winds blow, vessels find it best to anchor off Tomari. A quarantine anchorage is situated 1 mile W of the root of the outer breakwater. Caution.Unexploded ordnance lies approximately in position 3350.6'N, 13241.8'E; anchorage is prohibited in this vicinity.9.7 9.7

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Islands in the South and Southwest Part of Aki Nada

9.8 Gogo Shima (3354'N., 13241'E.) lies 0.8 mile W of Shiraishi Bana and forms the W side of Shijushima Seto. The NW side of the island forms the S side of Tsurushima Kaikyo, and the SW side of the island forms the E side of Ko Seto. The island is mostly hilly, with Ko Fuji, its conspicuous summit, located on the S side. The shores of Gogo Shima are very irregular, being indented and mostly fringed with reefs. Tsumuri Zaki, the NE extremity, shows a light. Washigasu Wan, located on the W side of the island, affords good anchorage, in 11.9m, about 0.2 mile WNW of Kamose Shima, a small islet in the bay. The bay is sheltered from winds from the N through E to SE. Yuraa Wan indents the E side of Gogo Shima and forms the W side of Shijushima Seto. The villages of Yura and Monda lie on the N side of the bay. Tsuru Shima lies about 1 mile W of Washigasu Wan and forms the W side of Ko Seto. Shoal depths of 5.5m and less surround and lie within 0.1 mile of the shore on its NW side. A light is shown from the NW side of the island; a racon is located at the light. Tsurushima Kaikyo (3356'N., 13239'E.) is the widest of a number of deep-water channels that connect Aki Nada and Iyo Nada. Its narrowest part has a least width of 1.5 miles and lies between Ho Zaki, the SE extremity of Muzuki-jima, and Kotohiki Han, the N end of Gogo Shima. The depths in Tsurushima Kaikyo are deep and there are no known dangers on or close to the main charted track. Nokutsuna-jima is located on the N side of the NE entrance to Tsurushima Kaikyo, about 2.5 miles N of Kotohiki Hana. The summit of the island is a bare hill of reddish-brown color. Shoal depths of 1.8 to 5.5m surround the island, and a depth of9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8

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Sector 9. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Aki Nada, Tsurushima Kaikyo, and Hiroshima Wan Yashiro-JimaNorth CoastEast Part9.13 Between Setono Hana, the N point of the E end of Yashiro-jima, and Obatake Seto, at the W end of the island, the N coast of Yashiro-jima forms the S side of Hiroshima Wan. Matsuga Hana (3357'N., 13226'E.) lies about 1.5 miles W of Setono Hana and is the reddish pointed extremity of the NE slope of Omi Yama. The point forms the W side of the entrance to a small bay. The village of Ihota stands at the head of the bay. The bay affords anchorage, in a depth of 11.9m, 0.1 mile abreast the village and is sheltered from S to W winds. Zushi Saki is the E entrance point to a small bay and is located about 1.8 miles W of the village of Ihota. A shrine atop a wooded hill stands on the point; the village of Wada lies about 0.5 mile S of the point. Mistu Shima, an islet fringed by shoal water, lies almost 1 mile NW of Zushi Saki.9.13 9.13

Kudako Suido9.11 Kudako Suido (3359'N., 13235'E.), the strait lying between Naka-jima and Nuwa-jima, forms a deep-water channel that connects Aki Nada with Iyo Nada. Judako Shima, an islet, lies in the middle of the strait and shows a light. Heyano Seto, the narrowest part of Kudako Suido, lies between Kudako Shima and Shirono Hana, the W extremity of Naka-jima. The depths in Kudako Suido are deep, with the exception of Hokko Ku Iwa, with a depth of 1m lying about 0.5 mile SSW of Kudako Shima. Yoko Se, with a depth of about 14.6m, lies about 0.2 mile N of Hokkoku Iwa. The charted track through the straits is free of dangers. Caution.The traffic through Kudako Suido is very heavy and particular care is needed at its N and S entrances, where traffic meets from a number of directions.9.11 9.11 9.11

Islands to the West and South of Kudako Suido

9.12 Nuwa-jima (3359'N., 13233'E.) lies about 1.3 miles W of Naka-jima; the E side of Nuwa-jima faces Kudako Suido and the W extremity of the island lies on the E side of Nuwashima Suido. The hills on Nuwa-jima are almost of equal height, thus making its summit hard to identify. A light is shown from Kazakiri Hana, the NE extremity of Nuwa-jima; a lighted buoy is moored in the N approach to Nuwashima Suido, marking foul ground, close off the NW extremity of Nuwa-jima. Tsuwaji Shima lies on the W side of Nuwashima Suido, with its NE extremity joined to the NW extremity of Nuwa-jima by an overhead cable, with a clearance of 40m. The village of Tsuwaji lies in a bight on the E side of the island; small vessels with local knowledge are afforded shelter in the bight. Abutatori Se, a small islet, lies close off the SE side of Tsuwaji Shima and is marked by a light. Moro Shima (3357'N., 13230'E.), a round top island, thickly covered with coarse grass, lies 0.5 mile S off Tsuwaji Shima. The island forms the SE side of Moroshima Suido. Nenashi Sho, a small island, lies about 0.5 mile SE of Moro Shima and is marked by a light. Futago Shima, consisting of two islets joined by a shoal, forms the N side of Futago Seto, which lies about 1 mile E of Nenashi Sho. The S side of Futago Seto is formed by Futagami-jima, about 1.3 miles S of Futago Shima. The islands of Yoko Shima, Naka Shima, and Koichi Shima lie in a NW-SE direction, about 2 miles SE of the E end of Futagami-jima. Koichi Shima, the S and highest island, shows a light from its SE end. Kamose Shima (3355'N., 13232'E.), a small islet, lies about 0.5 mile S of the S coast of Futagami-jima. Kamoseno Okino is a steep-to detached rock, with a depth of 9.2m, lying about 0.3 mile S of Kamose Shima. Nasake Shima forms the SW side of Moroshima Suido and is located about 0.3 mile W of Moro Shima. An overhead cable, with a vertical clearance of 39m, spans Kushigase Seto, from the S side of Nasake Shima to the NE extremity of Ya-shiro-jima.9.12 9.12 9.12 9.12 9.12 9.12

Matsuga Hana (3356'N., 13222'E.) lies about 1.8 miles WSW of Zushi Saki and should not be confused with the point of the same name previously discussed above. Nabe Shima, a steep thickly-wooded islet, lies about 0.2 mile NW of Matsuga Hana. The channel between the two is very narrow and should not be attempted without local knowledge. Numerous islets lie between Matsuga Hana and Fu Saki, about 2.5 miles to the W. The shore between the two points is indented with small bays and coves, on which a number of small villages stand. Anchorage.Anchorage is afforded, in depths of 11 to 15.8m, 0.75 mile SE of Fu Saki.9.13 9.13 9.13

Yashiro-JimaNorth CoastWest Part

9.14 Osaki Hana (3357'N., 13217'E.) lies about 2.8 miles NW of Fu Saki and is the extremity of a mountain range. A sharp thickly-wooded peak lies about 0.8 mile S of the point. A light is shown from Osaki Hana. Kuka Wan is entered between Osaki Hana and Heburi Hana, about 2.5 miles to the W. The town of Kuka lies on the W side of the common mouth of two rivers that flow into the SE corner of the bay. A boat basin, protected by breakwaters, lies on the E side of Kuka. A light is shown from the head of the W breakwater. Anchorage for small vessels can be found, in a depth of 10.1m, 0.25 mile N of Kuka, except with winds between the NW and NE. Heburi Shima (3358'N., 13214'E.), consisting of two small islets joined by a reef that dries, is located about 0.3 mile N of Heburi Hana. Passage between the S islet and Heburi Hana should not be attempted without local knowledge. Between Heburi Hana and Myojin Hana, 2.5 miles to the W, lie two small bays separated by Tanoshiri Hana. The E bay is shallow and is the smaller of the two. Migama Wan, the W bay, has depths of 12.8 to 33m. A detached shoal, with a depth of 9.6m, lies in the middle of the bay. The village of Migama, protected by breakwaters, lies at the head of the bay. Vessels with local knowledge can obtain anchorage, in depths of 10 to 13m, sand. From October to April, there are seaweed beds at the inner end of the bay.

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Sector 9. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Aki Nada, Tsurushima Kaikyo, and Hiroshima Wan Obatake Seto9.15 Obatake Seto (3357'N., 13211'E.) is the channel which leads between the NW coast of Yashiro-jima and the mainland coast of Honshu. Being the shortest route from Suo Nada and Iyo Nada to Hiroshima Wan, Obatake Seto is used heavily by large vessels. All vessels must navigate in accordance with the specified channels established under Maritime Traffic Safety Law. The narrowest part of Obatake Seto, with a width of about 0.4 mile, lies between Myojin Hana, the NW extremity of Yashiro-jima, and Setoyama Hana, on the mainland of Honshu. A bridge, with a vertical clearance of 24m, spans the strait between the two points. TidesCurrents.The tidal currents in the narrowest part of the strait attain a velocity of 7 knots at times. In the wider areas, the rate is between 2 to 3 knots. DepthsLimitations.Shoals and dangerous rocks on either side of the narrow part restrict the navigable width of the channel to about 0.2 mile, over depths of more than 10.1m. Regulations.Vessels navigating through Obatake Seto are requested to comply with the following cautionary items: 1. In order to prevent accidents, proceed through the strait as slow as practicable. 2. Vessels are not to overtake or steam alongside other vessels in the vicinity of the bridge. 3. As a great many fishing boats operate here, vessels should use precise caution to prevent accidents.

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Yashiro-JimaWest Coast9.16 Komatsu Ko (3356'N., 13211'E.) lies in a bight between Myojin Hana and Tsunaga Hana, about 1.5 miles to the SSW. The bight indents the N part of the W coast of Yashiro-jima to a distance of about 0.5 mile. At the head of the bight is a stone embankment enclosing salt pans, behind which lies the town of Komatsu. Depths in the bight are over 10.1m in most places, except for Okinomo, which lies in the middle of the entrance to the bight. A lighted buoy is moored on the NE side of Okinomo. Komatsu Ko is used as a refuge harbor and by vessels awaiting favorable tidal conditions to transit Obatake Seto. Kasasa-jima lies in the S approach to Obatake Seto, about 1 mile W of Komatsu Ko. The whole island is thickly covered with trees and appears dark in color. It is fringed with a shoal bank that extends about 0.2 mile from its N side and about 0.2 mile from its S side. Wakiga Hana (3355'N., 13210'E.), a prominent headland and an extremity of a mountain range, lies about 1.3 miles SSE of Kasasa-jima. A shoal, with a depth of 2.7m, lies about 0.2 mile WSW of the point. Himi Saki (3353'N., 13211'E.), a prominent salient point, lies about 1.8 miles S of Wakiga Hana. The point is bare, with a reddish color, and backed by rolling hills. Hiko Shima, a small rocky islet, lies almost 0.8 mile SSE of Himi Sake. From the W, the three high points of the islet are conspicuous. Tsunogi Saki lies 1.75 miles SSE of Himi Saki and forms the S entrance point to a bight. The bight consists of a sandy beach on which lie the villages of Tsunogi and Heta.

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Directions.The channel under the Oshima Ohashi Bridge is between Pier 3 and Pier 4, is marked on each side of the bridge by a fixed white light. Fixed green and red lights mark the N and S edges of the channel, respectively. A fog signal is sounded from Pier 4. The Maritime Safety Agency has designated routes for ships of 5 grt or more navigating through Obatake Seto, as indicated: 1. Line A is drawn from Morisige Sake (3356'52"N., 13212'08"E.), through Buoy No. 3 on a bearing of 341, to the opposite shore. 2. Line B is drawn by joining Myojin Hana (3357'07"N., 13211'26"E.) and O Iso Light (3357'03"N., 13210'47"E.), and the extremity of the right bank of the mouth of the Sikami Kawa, on the Honshu side of the strait. 3. Line C is drawn from Buoy No. 3 at Line A, through the middle of Pier 3 and Pier 4, to where it intersects with Line B. Line C is the middle of the channel on a bearing of 264.5. The following transit regulations are in effect: 1. Westbound vessels from Line A to Line B shall navigate N of Line C, between Pier 3 and Pier 4. The vessel may pass midway between these piers should there be no oncoming traffic. 2. Eastbound vessels from Line B to Line A shall navigate S of Line C, and N of Kaizenzi Syo Buoy and then between Pier 3 and Pier 4, where the rule is the same as for westbound vessels. 3. Vessels are in no way to navigate between Myojin Hana and O Iso Light.

Obatake SetoSouth ApproachWest Side

9.17 The W side of the S approach to Obatake Seto is formed by Murotsu Hanto, a 7 mile long mountainous peninsula of the Honshu mainland coast, about 2.5 miles W of Yashiro-jima. Yokozoe Hana (3351'N., 13210'E.) lies 2.25 miles WSW of Tsunogi Saki and forms the S point of a bight, protected from W and S winds. The village of Ainoura stands at the head of the bight. Kuro Saki, 1 mile NNW of Yokozoe Hana, forms the N point of the bight. A lighted buoy is moored about 0.8 mile NE of Kuro Saki. Naga Saki is a red, rocky point about 2.5 miles NNW of Yokozoe Hana. A black rock that dries lies about 90m E of the point. The village of Atsuki lies on the shore of the bight on the N side of Naga Saki. Karasu Shima (3355'N., 13208'E.) lies on a shoal 0.3 mile offshore, about 1.5 miles N of Naga Saki. A conspicuous white rock lies close off the NE extremity of the island. Aino Se, a detached rock with a depth of 1.8m, lies 0.15 mile SW of the S extremity of Karasu Shima. Kuoshima Hana, a projection of the coast marked by black rocks and trees, appears as an islet and lies at the S end of Yanai Ko, about 1.3 miles NNW of Karasu-jima. A prominent chimney stands at Oda, about 0.4 mile NNW of Kuroshima Hana.9.17 9.17 9.17 9.17

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Sector 9. The Naikai (Inland Sea)Aki Nada, Tsurushima Kaikyo, and Hiroshima Wanand rocks. Passage between the islets is not recommended without local knowledge. O Zone (3401'N., 13220'E.), a steep-to rock with a depth of 4m, lies about 2.8 miles W of the S extremity of Ha Shima. Ise-ko Shima, an islet, lies about 0.3 mile S of O Zone. A beacon stands on the S extremity of the islet. Fish havens are situated to the N and W of the island. Kuro Shima, lying about 1 mile S of Ise-ko Shima, is thickly wooded; when seen from the N it appears conical and is easily identified. Shingoro Shima, an islet, showing a beacon from its E end, lies 0.75 mile SE of Kuro Shima. 9.20 Kashira Shima (3358'N., 13221'E.) lies about 1 mile S of Shingoro Shima and has three dark wooded summits. Uka Shima, located clos