Reciprocal Roof Structures

In structural terms reciprocal roof structures are ‘three dimensional assemblies of mutually supporting beams’. But behind this definition lie some breathtakingly beautiful and complex structures at the heart of buildings both ancient and modern.

reciprocal roof structure

A reciprocal roof must be formed by a series of 3 or more interlocking beams. This forms a structure with an atrium in the center which may be used to provide light and natural ventilation to a building. The simple structure is geometrically intricate and very strong.

The size of the atrium, number of beams, thickness of beam are all variable and determine the pitch of the structure. All of the dimensional factors: pitch, diameter, depth of beams are mutually dependent. The interdependent nature of the Reciprocal Frame means that any load is immediately shared by all the beams in the array giving it great strength and stability.

A reciprocal roof can be build to withstand large loads, for example to install a green roof system. The needed diameter of the poles depends on the load of the insulation and other roof covering and if this is a concern in your climate the snow load.

The Reciprocal Frame form is an expression of a vast matrix of geometry that can be found embedded throughout our natural world. It is this that makes it so familiar, obvious and reassuring.
reciprocal roof structure

A reciprocal roof is assembled by first installing a temporary central support (charlie stick) that holds the first rafter at the correct height. The first rafter is fitted between the wall and the temporary central support and then further rafters are added, each resting on the last. The final rafter fits on top of the previous rafter and under the very first one.

The rafters are then tied with wire before the temporary support is removed. For added support of to establish sufficient spacing for further construction secondary rafters can be added between primary rafters.