Apple and the Vertical Integration Dance

What distinguishes today's "device economy" from yesterday's "PC economy" is the tight control brands have over their ecosystems.

Back in the day, long before Y2K, this question seemed settled. Apple(NASDAQ:AAPL) failed as the sole-source supplier for the Macintosh because it could not scale production to meet demand. Microsoft(NASDAQ:MSFT) won the market, despite being five years behind with its Windows software, because it gave its partners freedom.

That wasn't the Microsoft brand on your PC, and Microsoft didn't veto applications running on Windows. In fact, when Microsoft made its first tentative effort to control software markets, through its Internet Explorer browser, the US Justice Department swatted it down, tying it up with lawyers who kept Microsoft from doing much of anything interesting for years and years.

China made Steve Jobs' revenge possible. Chinese OEMs could produce plenty of iPods, iPhones, and iPads to meet demand, leaving Apple free not only to design as it wished, but to control what it designed.

Now Apple calls the tune and everyone -- even Microsoft -- must dance to it. Microsoft's creation of what Slashgear calls the Xbox Music Service is derided because it follows this trend. My name is on the box, so I control the market the box creates -- that's Apple talk.

The bigger story is what happens before the sale. Apple has created a race toward complete vertical integration. Apple controls the chips, it controls the assembly process, its stores do the selling, and that "giant sucking sound" you hear is profit going into its Cupertino, Calif., headquarters.

Intel(NASDAQ:INTC) has been hit hard by this trend. Device makers prefer the control they get from tweaking ARM Holdings(NASDAQ:ARMH) designs to being dependent on Intel chips.

Amazon.com(NASDAQ:AMZN) is taking this a step further with its reported move to acquire Texas Instruments'(NASDAQ:TXN) mobile chip division, as reported by The Next Web.