Martin, Pierre Émile (1824–1915)

French engineer who developed the open-hearth
process of steel manufacture. The Siemens-Martin
process pre-heats the air-blast by a heat-regeneration method and the
excess carbon is removed by adding a calculated amount of iron ore. By applying
this process to an open-hearth furnace charged with a mixture of pig
iron and wrought iron, Martin was
able to obtain the desired carbon content simply by dilution.