Living-donor kidney transplantation has been considered as the best treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Kidney donation from living donors has been performed widely under their noble humanity and a belief that donation would not harm the donor. Although the overall evidences proposed that living kidney donor have medical outcomes similar to those in general population, several reports have demonstrated the potential risks for development of hypertension, proteinuria, and ESRD. Thus, all efforts should be concentrated on ensuring their safety and preserving the function of their remained kidney during anesthesia maintenance.

Inhaled anesthetics have been frequently used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. The metabolism of certain inhaled anesthetics can produce inorganic fluoride, which may be directly nephrotoxic through impairments of renal concentrating ability. The typical inhaled anesthetics commonly used nowadays are sevoflurane and desflurane. The defluorination of sevoflurane can results in increased serum inorganic fluoride ion concentrations, but any neprhotoxic effect of sevoflurane has not been proven yet in human. On the other hand, desflurane is extremely resistant to defluorination, and desflurane does not appear to be nephrotoxic.

The inhaled anesthetics which are currently used in general anesthesia have no clinical evidence of nephrotoxicity, but the possible risks cannot be excluded entirely, especially in the patients who one kidney is donated. The purpose of the current retrospective, single center study was to evaluate and compare postoperative renal function of living kidney donor after nephrectomy under sevoflurane or desflurane anesthesia, and make evidence-based recommendations of proper inhaled anesthetics for anesthesia of living kidney donor.

Postoperative renal function of living kidney donor after nephrectomy under sevoflurane or desflurane anesthesia [ Time Frame: Participants will be followed for postoperative period, approximate 1 week through chart review. ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

We collect laboratory data of the patients which were underwent at preoperative period and during postoperative periods. The laboratory data includes hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), platelet, prothrombin time (PT), albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) which was calculated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula with age, gender, race, and serum creatinine as variables.

donors who went through donor nephrectomy under general anesthesia with sevoflurane

Drug: Sevoflurane

maintenance of general anesthesia with sevoflurane

desflurane group

donors who went through donor nephrectomy under general anesthesia with desflurane

Drug: desflurane

maintenance of general anesthesia with desflurane

Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:

20 Years to 70 Years

Genders Eligible for Study:

Both

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

No

Sampling Method:

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

From January 2006 through December 2011, donors who went through nephrectomy for kidney donation

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

donors who went through nephrectomy for kidney donation under general anesthesia with sevoflurane or desflurane

Exclusion Criteria:

donors who went through nephrectomy for kidney donation under general anesthesia with other inhaled anesthetics except sevoflurane and desflurane

Contacts and Locations

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Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01549990