..Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most heritable neuropsychiatric disorders, and a polymorphism within the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene has been frequently implicated in its pathogenesis...

Catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT) val158met polymorphism and adolescent cortical development in patients with childhood-onset schizophrenia, their non-psychotic siblings, and healthy controls

..Recent studies show dynamic changes in brain asymmetry during childhood and adolescence. We hypothesized that COS patients would show a lack of normal development of asymmetry and decreased overall asymmetry...

Dynamic mapping of hippocampal development in childhood onset schizophrenia

..Childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS), defined as onset of psychotic symptoms by age 12 years, is a rare and severe form of the disorder that seems to be clinically and neurobiologically continuous with the adult disorder...

..Growth rates were correlated with functional prognosis and were visualized as detailed 3D maps. Finally, these findings also confirm that the progressive GM deficits seen in schizophrenia are not the result of WM overgrowth...

Longitudinally mapping the influence of sex and androgen signaling on the dynamics of human cortical maturation in adolescence

..The authors sought to determine prospectively whether psychostimulant treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was associated with differences in the development of the cerebral cortex during adolescence...

..14%, odds ratio=16.6, P=0.01). This report adds to the growing body of literature implicating rare CNVs as risk factors for schizophrenia and shows that some risk CNVs are more common among extreme early-onset cases...

..This is particularly important, as subtle abnormalities in timing and expression of gene pathways underlying brain development may well link these disorders and be the ultimate target of treatments...

Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood

..The concordance between results from different analytical methods of linkage and the replication of data between two independent studies suggest that these loci truly harbor ADHD susceptibility genes...

A Novel Microduplication in the Neurodevelopmental Gene SRGAP3 That Segregates with Psychotic Illness in the Family of a COS Proband

..91, p = 0.03); the patient with the highest serum prolactin experienced galactorrhea. Further studies evaluating the prolactin-elevating properties of antipsychotics are warranted in this population...

..Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. ..

Child psychiatry branch of the National Institute of Mental Health longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging study of human brain development

..Two cases of childhood-onset schizophrenia associated with clozapine-induced akathisia responsive to beta-blocker treatment are described. Akathisia should be considered in all cases of apparent nonresponse to atypical antipsychotics...

Developmental trajectories of brain volume abnormalities in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

..Various anatomic brain abnormalities have been reported for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with varying methods, small samples, cross-sectional designs, and without accounting for stimulant drug exposure...

The genetics of childhood-onset schizophrenia: when madness strikes the prepubescent

..In this study, the rates of schizophrenia spectrum disorders among parents of patients with childhood-onset and adult-onset schizophrenia and parents of community comparison subjects were compared...