Incidentally, shirt and skirt have the same etymology: that of a unisex garment. Skirt [re-]entered the English vocabulary through Old Norse with many other "sk-" words (skin/shin, shatter/scatter, ship/skipper, score, sky...). The English shirt is a palatalised cognate of skirt. So you can always get away with it by stating that trousers were not en-vogue during the new kingdom era. At least in Egypt.
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Alain Pannetier ΦApr 8 '14 at 8:50

8 Answers
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The item depicted in the picture is a shendyt. This is still, arguably¹, a type of skirt, and was usually made of linen or imported silk (for richer people). Using the term shendyt in your writing will probably imply having to explain what a shendyt is. It can be defined as a type of skirt — or a wrap around, belted, clothing garment covering the groin area and upper legs — worn by males during the Old Kingdom. Alternatively just use skirt, which with enough context should be understood.

Kilt might be another option, however you would still need to distinguish between the typical tartan kilt and the light ancient Egyptian linen version.

Loincloth doesn't really fit here since a loincloth is only meant to cover the genitals. Note that poorer people in Ancient Egypt might have worn loincloths, so the distinction is quite relevant.

@tchrist True. Although, sarong implies loosely wrapped cloth to my ear. But, I think that every society that had a similar garment gave it a different name. So, sarong is the Polynesian name for the garment, and if a Scotsman went to Polynesia in traditional garb they would likely call his kilt a sarong until they learned his word for it.
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David MApr 4 '14 at 12:41

The M-W page you link only defines a kilt as the particular kind of skirt worn by Scottish men or other skirts that closely resemble it. Every kilt is a skirt but not every skirt or even every man's skirt is a kilt.
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David RicherbyApr 5 '14 at 12:50

@David Richerby read the other links. And, my comment to tchrist. Every language has a word for a skirt like garment. We define things by the known variety first. It is not wrong to call a man's skirt a kilt. In fact, the terminology has been used for armor, lead aprons, and other skirt like applications.
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David MApr 5 '14 at 12:57

It seems to me that these people are using kilt for lack of a better word for “men’s skirt.” But most definitions I’ve seen of kilt emphasize the style of the garment rather than the fact that it’s a man’s garment. For example, Collins and Wikipedia both emphasize that a kilt is pleated and usually tartan. The fact that it’s menswear is not so much part of the definition, as many other kinds of skirts are also menswear, and kilts are worn by women too.
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Bradd SzonyeApr 8 '14 at 3:11

It depends on the style and content of the piece you're writing. If it's a book or article about Ancient Egypt then you'd use the exact word that msam dug out, shendyt. But you'd still have to use the word skirt to explain what it was, at least on first use. But if the piece isn't about Egypt and you are referring to the garment only once, it would be best to take the short-cut and say skirt.

The modern equivalent of the ancient Egyptian shendyt and a trendier term for a men's skirt is a wrap

In the context of clothing, a wrap can refer to a shawl or stole
wrapped about the upper body, or a simple skirt-type garment made by
wrapping a piece of material round the lower body. Many people of both
genders throughout the world wear wraps in everyday life, however, in
the West, they are largely worn by women.

In fact you could call the Egyptian male garment a wrap skirt and be at the same time coherent, accurate and concise. In other parts of the world, men's wrap skirts are called differently.

There are no "man's" skirts by definition. The skirts is a male garment throughout the history, actually since thousands of years and it became a women's clothing too after a women cut her long dress in half.
The Industrial Revolution made men wearing trousers because it was more practical for the hard work. During the Victorian era trousers became a men's garment and a kind of uniform.

If you look at the pictures in that article, a loincloth is much shorter and doesn't wrap around the thighs.
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Nate EldredgeApr 4 '14 at 14:23

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It is certainly not a loincloth. Look at any image depicting the Crucifixion. Jesus is wearing a loincloth. It is a much different garment more akin to modern underwear than a skirt or kilt.
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EmmetApr 4 '14 at 14:57

While a tunic may include a skirt, it is an incorrect word here. A tunic will always include some sort of coverage of the upper body. A skirt alone requires a different term.
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Jonathan Van MatreApr 4 '14 at 19:22