candidiasis-a fungal (yeast) infection, often in the mouth, called thrush, or in the diaper area.

caput-a severe swelling of the soft tissues of the baby's scalp that develops as the baby travels through the birth canal.

cephalohematoma-an area of bleeding underneath one of the cranial bones that appears as raised lump on the baby's head.

circumcision-a surgical procedure to remove the skin covering the end of the penis.

cleft lip-an abnormality in which the lip does not completely form. The degree of the cleft lip can vary greatly, from mild (notching of the lip) to severe (large opening from the lip up through the nose).

cleft palate-occurs when the roof of the mouth does not completely close, leaving an opening that can extend into the nasal cavity. The cleft may involve either side of the palate. It can extend from the front of the mouth (hard palate) to the throat (soft palate). The cleft may also include the lip.

clubfoot-also known as talipes equinovarus, clubfoot is a foot deformity that is detected at birth. It affects the bones, muscles, tendons, and blood vessels and can affect one or both feet. The foot is usually short and broad in appearance and the heel points downward while the front half of the foot, or forefoot, turns inward. The heel cord (Achilles tendon) is tight. The heel can appear narrow and the muscles in the calf are smaller compared to a normal lower leg.

developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)-a condition of the hip joint that is congenital (present at birth). The hip joint is created as a ball-and-socket joint. In DDH, the hip socket may be shallow, letting the "ball" of the long leg bone, also known as the femoral head, slip in and out of the socket. The "ball" may move partially or completely out of the hip socket.