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the carolina watchman t 0l viii third series salisbttby n c novembee 30 1876 ho 7 i \... u wkkki.v j t bbcnkb ed and prop t il1 ' t k bruner ass elate ed m uscription rates : -, rear payable in advance 200 ; simontw ia advertising bates : in , inch one punucatton tt w ud â€¢â– two publications 1 su mtrwt rates tor months or a year governor's message f tit honorable the general assembly of forth carolina : rf meeting of the general assembly in eutennial year of our national exis t an important event in the history nf the state vou have met for the purpose ., ting laws to promote our various in jfgsts ss â€¢â€¢' people you are here thechos 0 representatives of the people who in re turn for tin 1 confidence they have reposed in .',â€ž. look to you for wise and judicious leg ation paring 1 year now drawing rapidly to , 1,1-c we have been exempt from pesti 1,0 famine and from unusual sull'cr : every kind our people have enjoy jtlie blessings of civil and religious liberty . t r tht have prospered to a greater or less decree in every department of industry Â«â€¢Â» have abundant cause to be grateful to god !"'' his manifold mercies and blessings the earth has brought forth her fruits in isou and all who have been indus trious and economical have prospered hav j b ir generally received fair compensation for ! their labor _ _ j peace lias prevailed everywhere within m r holders vfe have nothing the re l'o re j s the in avens or in the earth itself of which m . imve a righl t e 111 plain for both have wii propitious to us it remains for u ptiltto l'o forward in the path of duty iritlioul any vain regrets for what i passed prepared to use and improve the present act our part in a cheerful ami hope ful ttiirit in the future which lies before us condition ok i'l i'.i.ic trkasrry tlie financial condition of the state claims tbcrareful attention and consideration of tin general assembly the following statement shows balance ic hinds ol public treasurer oct 1st 1875 and the amount of receipts and disburse ments of the pubiic treasurer for the used veir ending september :'.' th 1870 ; .., it â€¢ in hands of state treasurer oct 1st 1875 educational fund * 14.039.78 public fund 184,703.114 Â¥ 198,742.893 8Â«cttnts of education fund for s*en yeai ending sept 110 ls?i'i v 42,235 59 hvuipts nf public fund for liwnl t'-ar ending s pt 30th p<7g v>4,039.175 566.274.76j * 205,017.66 dmmrkcnicnt of education al fund for liscal vear end ing sept sotb 1876 $ 54,707.93 dtilmrkeiiient of public fund ertv ending s pt 30th 1876 528.055.22 $ 582,758.15 leaving in hands public treasurer oct 1st istli educational fund $ 1,572.41 public fund 180,087.07 state debt the bonded debt of thr state on the 1st oct 1876 was as follows : bond issued before the war called old bonds $ 8.872.900 iolcreiit unpaid on same 4,003,777.50 total principal and interest 1 1 2,376,677.40 bonus issued since the war underacts passed beforethe war $ 1.781.000 intere-t unpaid on same 807.180 Â£ 2,488,180 b<m issupd since the war un der ofdinance and sets pass ed since the war not spe cial tax $ 2.015,045 interest unpaid on same 921,127.95 $ 2,936,172.95 thin clan embraces the fol low issues : wilmington charlotte & rutherford railroad issued during the war under acts passed be fore the war and renewed by acts of 1865 and 1867 $ 405,00 registered certificates of board of education $ 383,045 chatham railroad trdinances convention 1.088,000 willianiston a tarboro railroad 150,000 penitentiary 44,000 * 2,015,045 bonds idsucd funding acts of 1866 68 as follows ponding act of 1866 $ 2,417,200 interest unpaid on same 1,157,793 $ 3,574,993 funding act of 1868 1,702,900 interest unpaid on same 819,252 $ 2,522,152 total tor funding $ 6,097,145 tui issued during the war cnder acta passed before the war for internal im ptovemenl purposes in cluding 215,000 lor chat h am railroad issued under ordinance of convention jan 30th isc-j $ 951,000 interest unpaid on same 592,985 total principal and interest $ 1,543,985 special tax bonds 11,407,000 interest unpaid on same 4,84)7,776 tula principal and interest 0,304,770 t tal debt including interest elusive of special tax 25,542,160.45 total debt with interest in cluding special tax bonds 41,816,930.45 ki'ndino act ok 1874-t5 thing has vet been done under the act passcd by the last general a-mm tr compromise the state debt the amount of in state bonds held by the few creditors j who signified their willingness to accept j the proposed compromise was so small that j it was not deemed ad visible to incur the expense of having new bonds prepared and j of levying a special tax upon all the taxa ble property ofthe state for the purpose of paying the interest on such a small amount it is very important that we should com promise commute and settle the state debt so that our financial condition may be the better known both at home and abroad and our public credit again established up on a sound basis treasury department i respectfully recommend to your careful consideration the interesting report of d a jenkins public treasurer it becomes my duty to say that treasurer jenkins has voluntarily retired from the ollice he has tilled with consumate skill and ability for more than eiyht years past he has managed the financial affairs of the state honestly and safely through all the difficulties and embarrassments by which lie has often been surrounded he has been an honest and faithful public officer and in retiring to private life he leaves a record of which he may well be proud tntc at'ditou's department the auditor's reports show the receipts and disbursements at the public treasury for the two liscal years ending september ;>â– > 1876 and i respectfully invite your at tention to the same the auditor's office is one ul llio most important offices in the state and i take pleasure in bearing testimony to the manner in which the du ties nl that office have been discharged manufactures while all material wealth conies from the soil and while the interest of the farmer sh mid therefore be first considered we should al the same time give attention and i extend our fostering care to the manulac i t tires and the mechanic arts north caro ! iin i pays annually to foreign countries and j to her sister states millions of dollars for manufactured articles which should be pro j . here at home we have the raw ma j terial or the means of producing the raw j material for nearly every fabric for which we pay thus largely to other communities and regions it may be assumed that we manufacture our own tobacco and supply a j large surplus thereof to other portions of j the world the proceeds of the sales of which j constitute the basis of no small part of the financial prosperity ofthe stale but while this i so and while i would commend the â€¢ tobacco manufactures for their skill energy ! and industry yet ! would at lhe same time urge that more and more capital and skilled , labor be employed in other branches of do me s tic manufactures we ought to manufacture and supply ; ourselves with a large proportion of our woolen clothes of all kinds especially of the coarser and more substantial kinds we ought to spin an.l weave at least one i half of our cotton crop which cannot be less than 200.000 bales per annum we i ought to manufacture our own iron from , the vast beds of ore which wc have in vur ious parts of the state some of which arc nol excelled for quality elsewhere iu the j earth we ought to t^et out and use more of our timber and send more of it than we do to the markets ofthe world we ought todi i rect very much none nf our attention and energies to the great work of building up a home market for our people and of thus 'â– living more within ourselves a policy of this kind would benefit every j interest and would especially redowu to : tiie advantage and prosperity of the farmers j by creating a demand here at home for their j products it would also save millions of dollars per j annum to the state which are now expend ed outside our borders and which consti tute a constant drain upon our wealth it would also diversify labor and give employment to all classes of our people without which we cannot hope to advance rapidly in intelligence and wealth i cannot gentlemen too strongly com mend this subject to your attention and consider ation immigration i beg to renew and urge the recommen dations heretofore made by my predecessors and myself on the subject of immigration xo state has a finer climate than xorth ! carolina and her soil is rich and so varied that nearly all the fruits and products of the earth common to our country can be cultivated and realized here by the hand of industry besides we have inexhaustible deposits of the most valuable minerals we have water power in the greatest abundance for turning machinery ; and we have vast forests of the best timber thus far barely touched by the hand of man in a word there is no region of the earth so far as climate and mineral resources are concerned which is more inviting than our state is to the immigrant i feel sure that your h-gis tion will be such as to hold out inducements to immigrants to settle among us to become as one of our people and thus labor with those of us who are already here and who ex peel to remain to develop our resources to build up onr industries of all kinds and to render our stale more and more prosper ous enlightened and wealthy university the last general assembly passed an act directing the public treasurer to issue to tho trustees of the university a certificate of indebtedness for one hundred and twenty five thousand dollars with interest at six per cent payable semi-annually on the 1st days of january and july in each year out of any moneys in the treasury nof other wise appropriated the interest to be used by said trustees ill support ofthe university under this act the public treasurer pays to the university 7,500 per annum for that purpose the university was opened for the recep tion of students on the 10th of september 1875 under its new organization and it is now in successful operation with hon kemp p hattle as president and an able corpse of professor penitentiary 1 respectfully invite your attention to the biennial report of the board of directors architect deputy warden stewart and physician for the two years ending ot.inher 31st 1870 the report of the board of directors show in a plain ami business like manner the practical operations of thepeui tcntiarv from which it will be seen that much valuable work has been done on and about that institution although a large number of the best convict laborers have been sent off to work on public works dur ing h b"i two ycf.wtht work on the peni tentiary lias progressed about as much as could reasonably be expected under all the circumstances there has been erected within the prison enclosure a strong cell building containing 04 cells for prisons the building is of brick with irou doors and frames and is now ready for occupa tion the brick used in its construction were made by convict labor and all the stone work was cut by convicts there h;ts also been erected one section ofthe cell block in the main building the larger portion of the bricks having been laid by convicts and the iron doors and frauies for the same were manufactured within the prison enclosure by convicts at less than one-half of the original contract price the foundation for another section of cells has been laid and the first and second stories built the iron doors and frames have been made and arc ready for this section also in compliance with an act of the general assembly the directors of the penitentiary furnished aa2 convicts to tiie commission ers of the western xorth carolina railroad and have built for them three sets of quar ters the value of tho labor of the convicts al ready on that road is probably 100,000 the state is bound to i'eed clothe and guard them the increase of the number of convicts ;],â– â– increase of the guard and overseers have created a deficiency of 21,678.97 i'm which ihe directors ask an immediate appropria tion to meet the present wants of the prison the directors of the penitentiary firmed out to the spartanburg and ashcville rail road company 200 convicts for the period ot 2 years that was done mainly because the appropriation for tbe penitentiary made by the last general assembly was insufficient tosupport all the convicts the company agreed to feed clothe guard and furnish medical attention to the prisoners l.-t to then and in addition pay to the prison di rectors tli sum of 31 20 per capita per year and have given a bond for the faith ful performance of the contract and all of the provisions of the contract have been faithfully observed and the quarterly pay ments promptly made there is a foundry und machine ship connected with the penitentiary which has been proved to be both accessary ami valuable the work in this shop both as to quality and quantity has been very satisfactory all the work is done by the convicts and a 1 thr iron work reqnired for the building i made here the blacksmith shop has been kept busy munufacturtng tools required in quarrying stone and for other purposes the labor is performed by convicts in the shoe shop they arc now manufac turing all the shoes worn by the convicts within the prison enclosure also for those employed on the different railroads in the state it is believed that a small amount of money invested iu machinery tor manu facturing shoes would yield a large return bat owing to the limited means on hand this important branch of business has not yet been very extensively carried on in accordance with the requirements of the general assembly the directors of the penitentiary furnished 50 convicts to the | insane asylum at raleigh w ho were employ ed in t lie manufacture of brick used in the erection ofa new kitchen for that institu tion the directors of the penitentiary al so furnished the directors of the western insane asylum at morganton oo convicts who were employed in making bricks aiul grading grounds for that institution the penitentiary hoard of directors furn ished tho xorth carolina & georgia rail road company 50 convicts this road will form a part of the western division of tlie western xorth carolina railroad leading from ashevilleto murphy in cherokee county and thence via the georgia road to marietta georgia this company is composed of citizens of georgia and xorth carolina and the state of georgia is working its convicts on the road to the north carolina line while our people in cherokee county agreed to take upon themselves the trouble and expense of transporting feeding and clothing guarding and furnishing medical attendance to the convicts for their labor the hoard of directors also farmed out to matthews & co lessees ofthe new han over work house 30 convicts for the balance of their term ; thev agreeing to feed clothe guard and give medical attention to the convicts for their labor 1 respectfully invite you gentlemen to visit the penitentiary any time at your leis ure and see for yourselves what has been iloiii and the management and progress of this important state work i deem it due to truth and justice to say that 1 have had no cause of complaint against any ofthe officers and managers of the peni tentiary during the last two years i be lieve they have been honest and faithful in the discharge of their duties and i cheerish none but the kindest feelings tor them all amendment of the crim.nal codli justice requires that each crime shall be punished according to its grade and not according to an arbitrary law that would punish a small crime as much as a great one and as there are grades and degrees of crime so there should be grades and de grees in the amount of punishment we are informed by the divine law which up holds and sustains the eternal principles of justice that every man shall be judged und rewarded according to his deeds there is a white man in the penitentiary sent there for a term of ten years for steal ing a bible while drunk there is a youth in the penitentiary for a term of three years for stealing one goose valued at ten cents there is another in the penitentiary for a term of three years for receiving a stolen chicken such punishments for such offen ces are unjust cruel monstrous and absurd under the law as it now stands according to the decision of the supreme court assault and battery even an assault with a deadly weapon with intent to commit murder is not a penitentiary crime insane asylum the interesting report of dr eugene grissom superintendent of the insane asy lum shows the condition of that institute for the last two official years to which i re spectfully invite your attention the report for 187(1 shows that the total number of admission since 1 the opening of tlic : asylum on the 22d day of february 1 y.*5<5 is one thousand one hundred and sev entv three the total number of discharges for the same lime is nine hundred and nine of whom three huudred ami two were cured ; one hundred ami fourteen improved one hundred and eighty unimproved and three hundred and thirteen died reaving hot under treatment two hundred and sixty four the last general assemblv passed an act authorizing the board of directors of the insane asylum to erect a new kitchen with sufficient store room connected therewith to accommodate provisions and supplies for the institution the act provided that so much ofthe appropriation made for the years 1875 and 1870 should be applied by the board of directors to the immediate con struction of a suitable kitchen connected with and for the benefit ofthe said asylum the sum for that purpose was not to exceed 50,000 ; the act also authorized the em ployment of such convict labor from the penitentiary as should l>c necessary for the erection of said kitchen from twenty-five to fifty convicts were employed and the building is now completed the last general assembly passed an act to provide another asylum for the insane of north carolina to be located within three miles of morganton north carolina and known as the western insane asylum the act appointed five commissioners to pur chase for the state a suitable tract of land for the purpose to superintend its construc tion and appropriated 50,000 for the year 1875 and 25,000 for the year 187g all of which has been paid out of the public treas i ury the act also provides that the com 1 missioncrs may employ such convicts in the penitentiary as can be spared by the authori ties ofthe same and can be made available ! a n port ofthe progress ofthe work on said j asylum will be made in a short time the last geueral assembly passed also i an act to provide for the colored insane of j north carolina and appropriated 10,000 per annum to the establishment at the 3fa ! rine hospital building at wilmington north carolina ofa branch asylum for the colored i insane and their support and treatment but nothing has been done under said act for their benefit i respectfully and earnest recommend the establishment of an asylum for the colored ! insane under the sanies rules regulations i and treatment as white patients the col ored race compose a large part ofour popu i lation and help to support our government j and they arc as liable to become insane as i the white race although they were kept in bondage and i 1 ignorance for more than two hundred years i before their emancipation yet they contrib ; uted largely to improve this country and i increase its wealth and prosperity they live among us and we hope thev will stay i and enjoy with us the benefits and blessings ! ofa free republican government of eqnal j laws and equal rights to all if the white race compose two-thirds of i our population and there are two asylums i ! for the support of the white insane surely i the colored race composing one-third of i the population ought in justice to have 1 ' one asylum for the support of the colored insane the subject should appeal strongly i to the humanity and charity u the general 1 j assembly aud i hope the appeal will n it b â– i j made in \ iin 1 deae am dl t mb am the blind i respectfully call your attention to the report ofthe principal of the north caro > [ una institution for the deaf ami dumb aud ' ! blind j the number of pupils enrolled during the ' last two years has been : deaf and dumb males 88 females 65 14s ] i biim males 51 ; females 42 93 ' 1 total 141 the average attendance for the past two ' years has been about 210 sometimes more and sometimes less the health of the pupils has been good ' and they all seem to be contented and bap py they are taken care of by kind and bu ! main teachers and matrons who seem to re gard their protection and welfare with as much interest and anv'nty as if they were their own children , the financial condition of the institution i as favorable as could reasonably be ex pected un the first day of november 1s74 there was a balance in the hands ofthe treasury of $ 0!l7 01 the appropriation for two years was 90,000 00 special appropriation 3,000 00 received from shoe shop 2,020 25 miscellaneous sources 758 15 from interest 80 00 total 101,353 41 there has been expended for all purposes 5.90141 heaving a balance in the hands of j the treasurer november 1st 187(5 of 15,361 41 out of this balance must come the sup port of the institution for the months of november and december 1876 as the ap propriations made by the general assembly run from the 1st of january of each year this noble charity of the state has done and is doing much good for those unfortun ate objects of our charity and pity who are deprived of the great blessings of lan guage or sii^hi and of hearing i heartily recommend them to your favor able and generous consideration and sup j port western north carolina bail road the last general assembly passed an act in relation to the western north caro lina railroad which act appointed the governor of the state of north arolina robert f arnitield and james i robinson commissioners to purchase the western north carolina railroad and all property appertaining thereto at a sale thereof made under a decree of the circuit court of the united states at greensboro in the western district of north carolina aud anv claims 1 against the western north carolina railroad which might be necessary to secure the state of north carolina a perfect and indefeasible title to the said north carolina railroad and all its property and franchises for a sum not exceeding 850,000 and to pay for it said commissioners were fully authorized ami iusuueted to issue bonds in the name ofthe western north carolina railroad company of the denomination of 1,000 each in the usual form of mortgage bonds bearing interest at the rate of seven per cent per annum payable semi-annually and due at fifteen years from date signed by the chairman and countersigned by the sec retary of said commission and sealed with the seal of the company the coupons as they become due on said bonds are made receivable in payment of any taxes or other dues to the state for the purpose of se curing the payment of the bonds and the interest as the same may become due the said commissioners were empowered to ex ecute and deliver mortgage deeds with power of sale as provided by the act hon vrid a jonkiu late public tr a mirer waa agreed on as a trustee the act provided for the appointment of three commissioners to manage said road and its aflairs during the pleasure of the general assembly and to build and com plete the same to its termini at paint rock and the georgia or tennessee line near ducktown according to the charter of said western north carolina railroad compar and the acts amendatory thereof the act required the commissioners appointed be fore entering upon their duties to execute a bond payable to the state of north carolina to be approved by the governor in a sum necessary to secure the state but in uo case less than double the amount of the net earn ings for the precedent year the western north carolina railroad property franchises including road-bed super-structure equipments and all its real and personal estate was sold at public sale at the court house in salisburv on the 22d day of june 1875 after the sale was duly continued by the circuit court and a ood and lawful title conveved to the state i appointed wallace w rollins of madison w s pearson of burke and william p canaday of new hanover and took a sep arate bond for soj.ooo with sufficient secu rity from each commissioner to protect the interest of the state the act provides that said commissioner shall have such convicts as are not necessary for completing the pen itentiary for laborers upon the unfinished portion ofthe western north carolina rail road as they may require and mav use such portion of the net earnings oy the road in its construction a.s thev mav deem proper by order of the circuit court ofthe uni ted states for the sale ofthe western north carolina railroad the purchaser was re quired to pay 16,000 in cash on the day of sale which was done as soon as a per fect and indefeasible title to said road could be secured to the state and as soon as the necessary arrangements eould be made for taking care of convicts thev were put to work on the road the directors of the penitentiary have furnished the coinmis sioncrns of the western n c road addition | al convicts at different times amounting to j 332 more might have been put to work on i that road but the law requires the peniten tiary to i'eea clothe and guard them and it i has been impracticable for the penitentiary i to support the lar^e and increasing number i of convicts out ofthe limited appropriation for that purpose made by the last general assembly no appropriation was made for an active and vigorous prosecution of this great state work which has been too long neglected j and which is destined to be of vast impor i tance to the people of north carolina soon | after he had purchased this road and com menced work upon it with the limited means ; at our command some of the liberal and j patriotic citizens of wilmington actuated i by a commendable spirit of state pride i which has ever characterized the leading i nun of that city voluntarily contributed i 10,000 which paid for iron enough to lay i about three miles of new track ofthe west j em north carolina railroad when this road is completed to the tennessee line near | ducktown through one of the most valuable mineral regions in the united states where j various kinds of ores are deposited in the . bosom of the earth in abundance and where i nothing but convenient railroad facilities , are necessary to unlock the strong vaults of the mountains and open their golden treas ures to the world and when this is done and when the east and west are united by ' iron tics by the strong and indissoluble ties of a common interest a common brotherhood i and a common country north carolina will then stand as a giant in the gateway of the nations enthroned in her prosperity wealth and power the other branch of the western north carolina railroad down the french broad river to paint rock on the tennessee line is also of great public importance and when ! completed it will enable us to extend our trade and intercourse from the seaboard to the mississippi valley and t!je great west colleoe for the colored people i the people ofthe state of all parties are gratified at the prospects which are opening before the university at chapel hill we trust the day w ill come when this institu tion will be at once the pride and ornament ofthe state and when it will confer greater advantages of all kinds upon the white young men of the state and upon society and upon the whole people by its reflex action than it has ever conferred hereto fore j but we cannot expect to prosper perma nently gentlemen if we violate the eternal principles of right and justice about ten years ago the congress ofthe united states donated to this state a certain quantity of public lands to be applied to the support of an agricultural college this donation , was made on the basis of population and included the colored people of this state as a part of our population as represented in congress : fhe scrip for these lands has been sold and the amount receive 1 namely one htin ! died and twenty-five thousand dollars has been applied exclusively to the support of , the university at chapel hill the people j ofthe state including the people of color are annually taxed to the amount of seven | thousand five hundred dollars by way of interest on the sum of one hundred and ; twenty-live thousand dollars referred to and ! this amount thus raised by taxation on all ; the people is applied exclusively to the ben efit of tiie white university at chapel hill is it right to do this while at the same time no provision is made for a college for the colored people is it in accordance with justice to devote all of this interest to one race ofour people and neglect tiie other race ? i am aware that suggestions of this kind are not agreeable to some ofour peo ple and that in making them i am subject ing myself to animadversion and e\en to reproach but i am here in the executive chair not to consult popularity at the ex pense of principle but to do what i believe to be right i therefore respectfully recommend that steps be taken by this general assembly to provide tor the establishment of a college for tl)e education of tiie colored vouth ofthe state education i respectfully invite your attention to the interesting report ofthe superintendent of public instruction education is of the greatest value and importance to the people and it should re ceive the cordial approbation and encour agement of all the following is the most reliable infor mation at present in relation to school statis tic in north carolina : male white children of school age 128,580 female white children of school a g e . 119,930 total of white children 248,510 male colored children nf school aire 77.5vj female colored children of school a ge 75.415 total number of colored children 153,998 total number of children of school w 401,508 white school districts 2 70'2 colored school districts l,37 - 2 total 4 public school houses for white chil _, . dren - 1,934 private school houses for white cbil dren 543 public school houses for colored ehil dren ! 371 private school houses for colored children 140 total 3990 academies for whit children 169 academies for colored children 5 colleges for white children 29 colleges for colored children j white male teachers in public schools 1,294 white female teachers in public schools 7 colored male teachers in public schools 529 colored female teachers in public schools 2s}jj total 2^894 it is the main purpose in any system cf education to teach the child how to think and to think accurately when we look into the causes which make and unmake individ uals and nations we may discern that intel lectual and moral culture are both essential to make a useful citizen ail those coun tries where every child is instructed control and govern other lands where only a partial system of education is put in practice the position which she will in future hold in the republic must greatly depend npon the correct instruction given to the people our children must be elevated in the scale of intelligence ere the perpetuity ofthe repub lic can be well assured and uothing should be permitted to swerve us from our efforts to popularize education the plan of giving a free education to every child of ordinary mind in the united states is a noble one and deserving of the highest commendation but in this state more especially there is great need that many of our teachers should be better taught therefore it is of prime importance that there should lie some few high schools or graded schools established where our teachers for both races can be instructed how to teach every child has a right to an education and that education should be such as will qualify tlic child for any position in life which it may be called to occupy every one knows that an intelligent work man is always worth more than one who is ignorant of even the rudiments of his voca tion it is the purpose and aim of a com mon school system to prepare pupils to dis charge the duties of life with credit to them selves and their state when this is ac complished it will promote the happiness and safety ofthe citizen and the nation a good system of common schools well carried out will prove itself the friend of man and the best of human agencies for the preserva tion of free government on earth graded schools allow me to call your attention to the importance of graded schools several of these schools have been established in this state and they are conferring signal benefits on the communities in which they exist the education which is received in these schools begins with the rudiments for the little children ami gradually ascends until the larger and older scholais are tborougly instructed in the higher branches of learn ing thus fitting them for the active busi ness of life without further instruction or preparing them for college where they may make still further and higher progress in learning and knowledge we should have many schools of this kind in the state foi both races and earnestly reeomnicnded that a law be passed by the general assembly authorizing cities and towns of more than fifteen hundred inhabitants to tax them selves by a majority vote to support graded schools iu which the opportunity for an education shall be free to all the whites tc themselves and the colored people to them sevlves according to the constitution and laws of tiiis state sel it eta by of state the secretary of state in his eport makes some suggestions and recommenda tions which i think worthy of your at 1 1 â– â– â– tion and consideration i believe that the records books and papers in the office ol secretary of state have been properly ar ranged in regard to order sysu'ni and con venience the secretary has with much labor arranged the records and papers ol his ofiice according to comities in an alpha betical order so that they can now be con veniently referred to i respectfully call your attention to the limited space allowed to the secretary of state for keeping and preserving the records ofhis ollice the legislature authorized the secretary to ell the surplus laws journals and docu ments which he has done letters are frequently received from for eign governments asking an exchange t official publications with our state which requests cannot be complied with a there is no law authorizing such exchange they frequently offer in exchange for our books valuable and interesting works but we cannot exchange without means and author ity i respectfully call your attention to the purchases of stationary made by the secre tary for the state for the year lx?'i and of carpets for the supreme court room i recommend that a thorough and searching investigation be made into his official deal ings and transactions involved in the pur chases referred to the secretary of state demands this investigation in the name of justice that the truth may be known in re gard to the manner in which he has dis charged his duty in this respect state linr.ary i recommend to yqur consideration the re port ofthomas r pqrnell late state libra rian repeating former recommendations for the erect jon of a suitable building for a stata library i recommend the erection of a suitable bnilding on capitol square for ;; supn me court room and a state library resignations and appointments anderson mitchell judge of the 10th judicial district resigned june 20 1875 d m parches was appointed his succes sor in office august 2 lt<7 stephen d pool superintendent of r\ili lic instruction resigned june 30 1s7g hon john pool was appointed his suc cour in orfice july 1 7<5 h.m thomas settle associate justice of the supreme court resigned july 31 1876 w t faircloth was appointed his succes sor in oilice november 18 1870 thomas r purnell state librarian re signed november 6 1876 james f taylor was appointed his succes sor in office november 18 1876 hon d a jenkins public treasurer re signed to take effect november 22 1876 1 have appointed dr john m worth public treasurer from and alter that date conci.vsiox in closing this nay last regular message i commend to yonr care and protection the interests ofthe people and the honor of the state ah our state institutions have been well conducted and i cheerfullv bear testi mony to the manner in which all the officers have discharged their duty let us gentlemen begin the second cen tury-of our existence as a free people with feelings of devout gratitude to god for the manifold mercies and blessings with which i.e has crowned us for the ia.-t"one hundred year and with an unfaltering purpose to do as much for our posterity as has been done for us by our ancestors during the century out of whose glorious light we are now pac ing may this light increase in splendor ami purity through all the coming years even the light of civil and religions libertv and may our state the land ofour life and tbe home of our affections be among the foremost in that career of prosperity and greatness which shall characterize thestatea of nur common union and thus participate equally with all of them in the beuerits and blessings which we trust the future has iu store for us curtis h brogden executive department raleigh nov 20 istli troops and ships concena prating at washington washington nov 19 when con gress comes together on monday the 4tb of december tlie senate and house of representatives will find themselves pretty much iu the condition of the french chambers ou the 2j of decern ber 1851 made memorable by louis na poleon's coup d'etat by which iu a night the republic was transformed into the empire that is to say cougieas will then be surrounded with troops the artillery companies which started from kansas on friday last and others from various points are intended to con centrate either in this cit or within call a portion of the troops in the south have been relieved from imaginary duty there and ordered up to washington indeed many have arrived already and fully half the whole army can be gathered in or around the capital at a few hours no tice similar preparations are making in the navy and on au extensive scale offi cers commanded to silence iu regard to these movements may say what they please bul the stubborn fact still remains and will soon be verified in a form to ei lence all denial or evasion people be gin to say what does all this meau ?" l^t the returning boards iu the three contested states count iu hayes und tho explanation will speak at the point of the bayonet or let the senate in another contin gency suggested openly by republican leaders as possible postpone lhe final counting in presence of the two houses and elect a president of that body to step into grant's shoes on saturday the 3d of march through a p?egoucerted resigna tion and another explanation of this menacing concentration of troops would be furnished everything is quiet nobody propo scs to break the peace and wtiilc there is a deep anxit ty as to the result of the presidential complication the moment it is fairly declared and the suspicion of fraud is removed the public mind will settle down to its accustomed calm and â€¢ accept tildeti or hayes aa may be de termined it is only conspirators who seek to retain power by unfair iguana wi to keep their grip ou the treasury whu raise a false cry of danger so as to pi0te*4 their designs by foice ji alarm u created lhe president it rc sponsible he and his reckless adriavr have disturbed tranquillity and foiced men to look i'i the immediate future with distrust and painful forebodings i^oasj biljiies are discussed which the american people have always rejected unless oue , ol the three slates now held in suspense should ebiaily dec tilden or all of them as decisively eifct hayes the sceue uuw witnessed ju tbe south wii be jfÂ»nj9ferre4 hcl gushing and taft aiui a cmwd of vol untecrs are engage in e xnloi*'n*r old statutes and watering the constitution to brace up grant with technical forma to meet any one f vaiious emergencies which may or may not come to pass the general idea is to give him the color nt maim lining the laws if extreme nieas ures should bo adopted wiih or without pro vocal iou au revolution are begun in that way the situ ition ia grave and must ba looked squarely in ihe face to avoid tbe penis thai a few weeks may biiiig forth the men who have held power for fifteen vvhx enjoyed the patronage attendant ijpon ve or six bundled of an â– inal receipt end expfmd.'tn t^ampu j.itcd the great opcrantm jq the tce.aaury aud practi-.-iily mq be governroeiki fo themselves and tin party which they control wdi nol give up unless by iba ' compulsion d public p,â€ž;ou

the carolina watchman t 0l viii third series salisbttby n c novembee 30 1876 ho 7 i \... u wkkki.v j t bbcnkb ed and prop t il1 ' t k bruner ass elate ed m uscription rates : -, rear payable in advance 200 ; simontw ia advertising bates : in , inch one punucatton tt w ud â€¢â– two publications 1 su mtrwt rates tor months or a year governor's message f tit honorable the general assembly of forth carolina : rf meeting of the general assembly in eutennial year of our national exis t an important event in the history nf the state vou have met for the purpose ., ting laws to promote our various in jfgsts ss â€¢â€¢' people you are here thechos 0 representatives of the people who in re turn for tin 1 confidence they have reposed in .',â€ž. look to you for wise and judicious leg ation paring 1 year now drawing rapidly to , 1,1-c we have been exempt from pesti 1,0 famine and from unusual sull'cr : every kind our people have enjoy jtlie blessings of civil and religious liberty . t r tht have prospered to a greater or less decree in every department of industry Â«â€¢Â» have abundant cause to be grateful to god !"'' his manifold mercies and blessings the earth has brought forth her fruits in isou and all who have been indus trious and economical have prospered hav j b ir generally received fair compensation for ! their labor _ _ j peace lias prevailed everywhere within m r holders vfe have nothing the re l'o re j s the in avens or in the earth itself of which m . imve a righl t e 111 plain for both have wii propitious to us it remains for u ptiltto l'o forward in the path of duty iritlioul any vain regrets for what i passed prepared to use and improve the present act our part in a cheerful ami hope ful ttiirit in the future which lies before us condition ok i'l i'.i.ic trkasrry tlie financial condition of the state claims tbcrareful attention and consideration of tin general assembly the following statement shows balance ic hinds ol public treasurer oct 1st 1875 and the amount of receipts and disburse ments of the pubiic treasurer for the used veir ending september :'.' th 1870 ; .., it â€¢ in hands of state treasurer oct 1st 1875 educational fund * 14.039.78 public fund 184,703.114 Â¥ 198,742.893 8Â«cttnts of education fund for s*en yeai ending sept 110 ls?i'i v 42,235 59 hvuipts nf public fund for liwnl t'-ar ending s pt 30th p<7g v>4,039.175 566.274.76j * 205,017.66 dmmrkcnicnt of education al fund for liscal vear end ing sept sotb 1876 $ 54,707.93 dtilmrkeiiient of public fund ertv ending s pt 30th 1876 528.055.22 $ 582,758.15 leaving in hands public treasurer oct 1st istli educational fund $ 1,572.41 public fund 180,087.07 state debt the bonded debt of thr state on the 1st oct 1876 was as follows : bond issued before the war called old bonds $ 8.872.900 iolcreiit unpaid on same 4,003,777.50 total principal and interest 1 1 2,376,677.40 bonus issued since the war underacts passed beforethe war $ 1.781.000 intere-t unpaid on same 807.180 Â£ 2,488,180 bâ– > 1876 and i respectfully invite your at tention to the same the auditor's office is one ul llio most important offices in the state and i take pleasure in bearing testimony to the manner in which the du ties nl that office have been discharged manufactures while all material wealth conies from the soil and while the interest of the farmer sh mid therefore be first considered we should al the same time give attention and i extend our fostering care to the manulac i t tires and the mechanic arts north caro ! iin i pays annually to foreign countries and j to her sister states millions of dollars for manufactured articles which should be pro j . here at home we have the raw ma j terial or the means of producing the raw j material for nearly every fabric for which we pay thus largely to other communities and regions it may be assumed that we manufacture our own tobacco and supply a j large surplus thereof to other portions of j the world the proceeds of the sales of which j constitute the basis of no small part of the financial prosperity ofthe stale but while this i so and while i would commend the â€¢ tobacco manufactures for their skill energy ! and industry yet ! would at lhe same time urge that more and more capital and skilled , labor be employed in other branches of do me s tic manufactures we ought to manufacture and supply ; ourselves with a large proportion of our woolen clothes of all kinds especially of the coarser and more substantial kinds we ought to spin an.l weave at least one i half of our cotton crop which cannot be less than 200.000 bales per annum we i ought to manufacture our own iron from , the vast beds of ore which wc have in vur ious parts of the state some of which arc nol excelled for quality elsewhere iu the j earth we ought to t^et out and use more of our timber and send more of it than we do to the markets ofthe world we ought todi i rect very much none nf our attention and energies to the great work of building up a home market for our people and of thus 'â– living more within ourselves a policy of this kind would benefit every j interest and would especially redowu to : tiie advantage and prosperity of the farmers j by creating a demand here at home for their j products it would also save millions of dollars per j annum to the state which are now expend ed outside our borders and which consti tute a constant drain upon our wealth it would also diversify labor and give employment to all classes of our people without which we cannot hope to advance rapidly in intelligence and wealth i cannot gentlemen too strongly com mend this subject to your attention and consider ation immigration i beg to renew and urge the recommen dations heretofore made by my predecessors and myself on the subject of immigration xo state has a finer climate than xorth ! carolina and her soil is rich and so varied that nearly all the fruits and products of the earth common to our country can be cultivated and realized here by the hand of industry besides we have inexhaustible deposits of the most valuable minerals we have water power in the greatest abundance for turning machinery ; and we have vast forests of the best timber thus far barely touched by the hand of man in a word there is no region of the earth so far as climate and mineral resources are concerned which is more inviting than our state is to the immigrant i feel sure that your h-gis tion will be such as to hold out inducements to immigrants to settle among us to become as one of our people and thus labor with those of us who are already here and who ex peel to remain to develop our resources to build up onr industries of all kinds and to render our stale more and more prosper ous enlightened and wealthy university the last general assembly passed an act directing the public treasurer to issue to tho trustees of the university a certificate of indebtedness for one hundred and twenty five thousand dollars with interest at six per cent payable semi-annually on the 1st days of january and july in each year out of any moneys in the treasury nof other wise appropriated the interest to be used by said trustees ill support ofthe university under this act the public treasurer pays to the university 7,500 per annum for that purpose the university was opened for the recep tion of students on the 10th of september 1875 under its new organization and it is now in successful operation with hon kemp p hattle as president and an able corpse of professor penitentiary 1 respectfully invite your attention to the biennial report of the board of directors architect deputy warden stewart and physician for the two years ending ot.inher 31st 1870 the report of the board of directors show in a plain ami business like manner the practical operations of thepeui tcntiarv from which it will be seen that much valuable work has been done on and about that institution although a large number of the best convict laborers have been sent off to work on public works dur ing h b"i two ycf.wtht work on the peni tentiary lias progressed about as much as could reasonably be expected under all the circumstances there has been erected within the prison enclosure a strong cell building containing 04 cells for prisons the building is of brick with irou doors and frames and is now ready for occupa tion the brick used in its construction were made by convict labor and all the stone work was cut by convicts there h;ts also been erected one section ofthe cell block in the main building the larger portion of the bricks having been laid by convicts and the iron doors and frauies for the same were manufactured within the prison enclosure by convicts at less than one-half of the original contract price the foundation for another section of cells has been laid and the first and second stories built the iron doors and frames have been made and arc ready for this section also in compliance with an act of the general assembly the directors of the penitentiary furnished aa2 convicts to tiie commission ers of the western xorth carolina railroad and have built for them three sets of quar ters the value of tho labor of the convicts al ready on that road is probably 100,000 the state is bound to i'eed clothe and guard them the increase of the number of convicts ;],â– â– increase of the guard and overseers have created a deficiency of 21,678.97 i'm which ihe directors ask an immediate appropria tion to meet the present wants of the prison the directors of the penitentiary firmed out to the spartanburg and ashcville rail road company 200 convicts for the period ot 2 years that was done mainly because the appropriation for tbe penitentiary made by the last general assembly was insufficient tosupport all the convicts the company agreed to feed clothe guard and furnish medical attention to the prisoners l.-t to then and in addition pay to the prison di rectors tli sum of 31 20 per capita per year and have given a bond for the faith ful performance of the contract and all of the provisions of the contract have been faithfully observed and the quarterly pay ments promptly made there is a foundry und machine ship connected with the penitentiary which has been proved to be both accessary ami valuable the work in this shop both as to quality and quantity has been very satisfactory all the work is done by the convicts and a 1 thr iron work reqnired for the building i made here the blacksmith shop has been kept busy munufacturtng tools required in quarrying stone and for other purposes the labor is performed by convicts in the shoe shop they arc now manufac turing all the shoes worn by the convicts within the prison enclosure also for those employed on the different railroads in the state it is believed that a small amount of money invested iu machinery tor manu facturing shoes would yield a large return bat owing to the limited means on hand this important branch of business has not yet been very extensively carried on in accordance with the requirements of the general assembly the directors of the penitentiary furnished 50 convicts to the | insane asylum at raleigh w ho were employ ed in t lie manufacture of brick used in the erection ofa new kitchen for that institu tion the directors of the penitentiary al so furnished the directors of the western insane asylum at morganton oo convicts who were employed in making bricks aiul grading grounds for that institution the penitentiary hoard of directors furn ished tho xorth carolina & georgia rail road company 50 convicts this road will form a part of the western division of tlie western xorth carolina railroad leading from ashevilleto murphy in cherokee county and thence via the georgia road to marietta georgia this company is composed of citizens of georgia and xorth carolina and the state of georgia is working its convicts on the road to the north carolina line while our people in cherokee county agreed to take upon themselves the trouble and expense of transporting feeding and clothing guarding and furnishing medical attendance to the convicts for their labor the hoard of directors also farmed out to matthews & co lessees ofthe new han over work house 30 convicts for the balance of their term ; thev agreeing to feed clothe guard and give medical attention to the convicts for their labor 1 respectfully invite you gentlemen to visit the penitentiary any time at your leis ure and see for yourselves what has been iloiii and the management and progress of this important state work i deem it due to truth and justice to say that 1 have had no cause of complaint against any ofthe officers and managers of the peni tentiary during the last two years i be lieve they have been honest and faithful in the discharge of their duties and i cheerish none but the kindest feelings tor them all amendment of the crim.nal codli justice requires that each crime shall be punished according to its grade and not according to an arbitrary law that would punish a small crime as much as a great one and as there are grades and degrees of crime so there should be grades and de grees in the amount of punishment we are informed by the divine law which up holds and sustains the eternal principles of justice that every man shall be judged und rewarded according to his deeds there is a white man in the penitentiary sent there for a term of ten years for steal ing a bible while drunk there is a youth in the penitentiary for a term of three years for stealing one goose valued at ten cents there is another in the penitentiary for a term of three years for receiving a stolen chicken such punishments for such offen ces are unjust cruel monstrous and absurd under the law as it now stands according to the decision of the supreme court assault and battery even an assault with a deadly weapon with intent to commit murder is not a penitentiary crime insane asylum the interesting report of dr eugene grissom superintendent of the insane asy lum shows the condition of that institute for the last two official years to which i re spectfully invite your attention the report for 187(1 shows that the total number of admission since 1 the opening of tlic : asylum on the 22d day of february 1 y.*5<5 is one thousand one hundred and sev entv three the total number of discharges for the same lime is nine hundred and nine of whom three huudred ami two were cured ; one hundred ami fourteen improved one hundred and eighty unimproved and three hundred and thirteen died reaving hot under treatment two hundred and sixty four the last general assemblv passed an act authorizing the board of directors of the insane asylum to erect a new kitchen with sufficient store room connected therewith to accommodate provisions and supplies for the institution the act provided that so much ofthe appropriation made for the years 1875 and 1870 should be applied by the board of directors to the immediate con struction of a suitable kitchen connected with and for the benefit ofthe said asylum the sum for that purpose was not to exceed 50,000 ; the act also authorized the em ployment of such convict labor from the penitentiary as should l>c necessary for the erection of said kitchen from twenty-five to fifty convicts were employed and the building is now completed the last general assembly passed an act to provide another asylum for the insane of north carolina to be located within three miles of morganton north carolina and known as the western insane asylum the act appointed five commissioners to pur chase for the state a suitable tract of land for the purpose to superintend its construc tion and appropriated 50,000 for the year 1875 and 25,000 for the year 187g all of which has been paid out of the public treas i ury the act also provides that the com 1 missioncrs may employ such convicts in the penitentiary as can be spared by the authori ties ofthe same and can be made available ! a n port ofthe progress ofthe work on said j asylum will be made in a short time the last geueral assembly passed also i an act to provide for the colored insane of j north carolina and appropriated 10,000 per annum to the establishment at the 3fa ! rine hospital building at wilmington north carolina ofa branch asylum for the colored i insane and their support and treatment but nothing has been done under said act for their benefit i respectfully and earnest recommend the establishment of an asylum for the colored ! insane under the sanies rules regulations i and treatment as white patients the col ored race compose a large part ofour popu i lation and help to support our government j and they arc as liable to become insane as i the white race although they were kept in bondage and i 1 ignorance for more than two hundred years i before their emancipation yet they contrib ; uted largely to improve this country and i increase its wealth and prosperity they live among us and we hope thev will stay i and enjoy with us the benefits and blessings ! ofa free republican government of eqnal j laws and equal rights to all if the white race compose two-thirds of i our population and there are two asylums i ! for the support of the white insane surely i the colored race composing one-third of i the population ought in justice to have 1 ' one asylum for the support of the colored insane the subject should appeal strongly i to the humanity and charity u the general 1 j assembly aud i hope the appeal will n it b â– i j made in \ iin 1 deae am dl t mb am the blind i respectfully call your attention to the report ofthe principal of the north caro > [ una institution for the deaf ami dumb aud ' ! blind j the number of pupils enrolled during the ' last two years has been : deaf and dumb males 88 females 65 14s ] i biim males 51 ; females 42 93 ' 1 total 141 the average attendance for the past two ' years has been about 210 sometimes more and sometimes less the health of the pupils has been good ' and they all seem to be contented and bap py they are taken care of by kind and bu ! main teachers and matrons who seem to re gard their protection and welfare with as much interest and anv'nty as if they were their own children , the financial condition of the institution i as favorable as could reasonably be ex pected un the first day of november 1s74 there was a balance in the hands ofthe treasury of $ 0!l7 01 the appropriation for two years was 90,000 00 special appropriation 3,000 00 received from shoe shop 2,020 25 miscellaneous sources 758 15 from interest 80 00 total 101,353 41 there has been expended for all purposes 5.90141 heaving a balance in the hands of j the treasurer november 1st 187(5 of 15,361 41 out of this balance must come the sup port of the institution for the months of november and december 1876 as the ap propriations made by the general assembly run from the 1st of january of each year this noble charity of the state has done and is doing much good for those unfortun ate objects of our charity and pity who are deprived of the great blessings of lan guage or sii^hi and of hearing i heartily recommend them to your favor able and generous consideration and sup j port western north carolina bail road the last general assembly passed an act in relation to the western north caro lina railroad which act appointed the governor of the state of north arolina robert f arnitield and james i robinson commissioners to purchase the western north carolina railroad and all property appertaining thereto at a sale thereof made under a decree of the circuit court of the united states at greensboro in the western district of north carolina aud anv claims 1 against the western north carolina railroad which might be necessary to secure the state of north carolina a perfect and indefeasible title to the said north carolina railroad and all its property and franchises for a sum not exceeding 850,000 and to pay for it said commissioners were fully authorized ami iusuueted to issue bonds in the name ofthe western north carolina railroad company of the denomination of 1,000 each in the usual form of mortgage bonds bearing interest at the rate of seven per cent per annum payable semi-annually and due at fifteen years from date signed by the chairman and countersigned by the sec retary of said commission and sealed with the seal of the company the coupons as they become due on said bonds are made receivable in payment of any taxes or other dues to the state for the purpose of se curing the payment of the bonds and the interest as the same may become due the said commissioners were empowered to ex ecute and deliver mortgage deeds with power of sale as provided by the act hon vrid a jonkiu late public tr a mirer waa agreed on as a trustee the act provided for the appointment of three commissioners to manage said road and its aflairs during the pleasure of the general assembly and to build and com plete the same to its termini at paint rock and the georgia or tennessee line near ducktown according to the charter of said western north carolina railroad compar and the acts amendatory thereof the act required the commissioners appointed be fore entering upon their duties to execute a bond payable to the state of north carolina to be approved by the governor in a sum necessary to secure the state but in uo case less than double the amount of the net earn ings for the precedent year the western north carolina railroad property franchises including road-bed super-structure equipments and all its real and personal estate was sold at public sale at the court house in salisburv on the 22d day of june 1875 after the sale was duly continued by the circuit court and a ood and lawful title conveved to the state i appointed wallace w rollins of madison w s pearson of burke and william p canaday of new hanover and took a sep arate bond for soj.ooo with sufficient secu rity from each commissioner to protect the interest of the state the act provides that said commissioner shall have such convicts as are not necessary for completing the pen itentiary for laborers upon the unfinished portion ofthe western north carolina rail road as they may require and mav use such portion of the net earnings oy the road in its construction a.s thev mav deem proper by order of the circuit court ofthe uni ted states for the sale ofthe western north carolina railroad the purchaser was re quired to pay 16,000 in cash on the day of sale which was done as soon as a per fect and indefeasible title to said road could be secured to the state and as soon as the necessary arrangements eould be made for taking care of convicts thev were put to work on the road the directors of the penitentiary have furnished the coinmis sioncrns of the western n c road addition | al convicts at different times amounting to j 332 more might have been put to work on i that road but the law requires the peniten tiary to i'eea clothe and guard them and it i has been impracticable for the penitentiary i to support the lar^e and increasing number i of convicts out ofthe limited appropriation for that purpose made by the last general assembly no appropriation was made for an active and vigorous prosecution of this great state work which has been too long neglected j and which is destined to be of vast impor i tance to the people of north carolina soon | after he had purchased this road and com menced work upon it with the limited means ; at our command some of the liberal and j patriotic citizens of wilmington actuated i by a commendable spirit of state pride i which has ever characterized the leading i nun of that city voluntarily contributed i 10,000 which paid for iron enough to lay i about three miles of new track ofthe west j em north carolina railroad when this road is completed to the tennessee line near | ducktown through one of the most valuable mineral regions in the united states where j various kinds of ores are deposited in the . bosom of the earth in abundance and where i nothing but convenient railroad facilities , are necessary to unlock the strong vaults of the mountains and open their golden treas ures to the world and when this is done and when the east and west are united by ' iron tics by the strong and indissoluble ties of a common interest a common brotherhood i and a common country north carolina will then stand as a giant in the gateway of the nations enthroned in her prosperity wealth and power the other branch of the western north carolina railroad down the french broad river to paint rock on the tennessee line is also of great public importance and when ! completed it will enable us to extend our trade and intercourse from the seaboard to the mississippi valley and t!je great west colleoe for the colored people i the people ofthe state of all parties are gratified at the prospects which are opening before the university at chapel hill we trust the day w ill come when this institu tion will be at once the pride and ornament ofthe state and when it will confer greater advantages of all kinds upon the white young men of the state and upon society and upon the whole people by its reflex action than it has ever conferred hereto fore j but we cannot expect to prosper perma nently gentlemen if we violate the eternal principles of right and justice about ten years ago the congress ofthe united states donated to this state a certain quantity of public lands to be applied to the support of an agricultural college this donation , was made on the basis of population and included the colored people of this state as a part of our population as represented in congress : fhe scrip for these lands has been sold and the amount receive 1 namely one htin ! died and twenty-five thousand dollars has been applied exclusively to the support of , the university at chapel hill the people j ofthe state including the people of color are annually taxed to the amount of seven | thousand five hundred dollars by way of interest on the sum of one hundred and ; twenty-live thousand dollars referred to and ! this amount thus raised by taxation on all ; the people is applied exclusively to the ben efit of tiie white university at chapel hill is it right to do this while at the same time no provision is made for a college for the colored people is it in accordance with justice to devote all of this interest to one race ofour people and neglect tiie other race ? i am aware that suggestions of this kind are not agreeable to some ofour peo ple and that in making them i am subject ing myself to animadversion and e\en to reproach but i am here in the executive chair not to consult popularity at the ex pense of principle but to do what i believe to be right i therefore respectfully recommend that steps be taken by this general assembly to provide tor the establishment of a college for tl)e education of tiie colored vouth ofthe state education i respectfully invite your attention to the interesting report ofthe superintendent of public instruction education is of the greatest value and importance to the people and it should re ceive the cordial approbation and encour agement of all the following is the most reliable infor mation at present in relation to school statis tic in north carolina : male white children of school age 128,580 female white children of school a g e . 119,930 total of white children 248,510 male colored children nf school aire 77.5vj female colored children of school a ge 75.415 total number of colored children 153,998 total number of children of school w 401,508 white school districts 2 70'2 colored school districts l,37 - 2 total 4 public school houses for white chil _, . dren - 1,934 private school houses for white cbil dren 543 public school houses for colored ehil dren ! 371 private school houses for colored children 140 total 3990 academies for whit children 169 academies for colored children 5 colleges for white children 29 colleges for colored children j white male teachers in public schools 1,294 white female teachers in public schools 7 colored male teachers in public schools 529 colored female teachers in public schools 2s}jj total 2^894 it is the main purpose in any system cf education to teach the child how to think and to think accurately when we look into the causes which make and unmake individ uals and nations we may discern that intel lectual and moral culture are both essential to make a useful citizen ail those coun tries where every child is instructed control and govern other lands where only a partial system of education is put in practice the position which she will in future hold in the republic must greatly depend npon the correct instruction given to the people our children must be elevated in the scale of intelligence ere the perpetuity ofthe repub lic can be well assured and uothing should be permitted to swerve us from our efforts to popularize education the plan of giving a free education to every child of ordinary mind in the united states is a noble one and deserving of the highest commendation but in this state more especially there is great need that many of our teachers should be better taught therefore it is of prime importance that there should lie some few high schools or graded schools established where our teachers for both races can be instructed how to teach every child has a right to an education and that education should be such as will qualify tlic child for any position in life which it may be called to occupy every one knows that an intelligent work man is always worth more than one who is ignorant of even the rudiments of his voca tion it is the purpose and aim of a com mon school system to prepare pupils to dis charge the duties of life with credit to them selves and their state when this is ac complished it will promote the happiness and safety ofthe citizen and the nation a good system of common schools well carried out will prove itself the friend of man and the best of human agencies for the preserva tion of free government on earth graded schools allow me to call your attention to the importance of graded schools several of these schools have been established in this state and they are conferring signal benefits on the communities in which they exist the education which is received in these schools begins with the rudiments for the little children ami gradually ascends until the larger and older scholais are tborougly instructed in the higher branches of learn ing thus fitting them for the active busi ness of life without further instruction or preparing them for college where they may make still further and higher progress in learning and knowledge we should have many schools of this kind in the state foi both races and earnestly reeomnicnded that a law be passed by the general assembly authorizing cities and towns of more than fifteen hundred inhabitants to tax them selves by a majority vote to support graded schools iu which the opportunity for an education shall be free to all the whites tc themselves and the colored people to them sevlves according to the constitution and laws of tiiis state sel it eta by of state the secretary of state in his eport makes some suggestions and recommenda tions which i think worthy of your at 1 1 â– â– â– tion and consideration i believe that the records books and papers in the office ol secretary of state have been properly ar ranged in regard to order sysu'ni and con venience the secretary has with much labor arranged the records and papers ol his ofiice according to comities in an alpha betical order so that they can now be con veniently referred to i respectfully call your attention to the limited space allowed to the secretary of state for keeping and preserving the records ofhis ollice the legislature authorized the secretary to ell the surplus laws journals and docu ments which he has done letters are frequently received from for eign governments asking an exchange t official publications with our state which requests cannot be complied with a there is no law authorizing such exchange they frequently offer in exchange for our books valuable and interesting works but we cannot exchange without means and author ity i respectfully call your attention to the purchases of stationary made by the secre tary for the state for the year lx?'i and of carpets for the supreme court room i recommend that a thorough and searching investigation be made into his official deal ings and transactions involved in the pur chases referred to the secretary of state demands this investigation in the name of justice that the truth may be known in re gard to the manner in which he has dis charged his duty in this respect state linr.ary i recommend to yqur consideration the re port ofthomas r pqrnell late state libra rian repeating former recommendations for the erect jon of a suitable building for a stata library i recommend the erection of a suitable bnilding on capitol square for ;; supn me court room and a state library resignations and appointments anderson mitchell judge of the 10th judicial district resigned june 20 1875 d m parches was appointed his succes sor in office august 2 lt<7 stephen d pool superintendent of r\ili lic instruction resigned june 30 1s7g hon john pool was appointed his suc cour in orfice july 1 7<5 h.m thomas settle associate justice of the supreme court resigned july 31 1876 w t faircloth was appointed his succes sor in oilice november 18 1870 thomas r purnell state librarian re signed november 6 1876 james f taylor was appointed his succes sor in office november 18 1876 hon d a jenkins public treasurer re signed to take effect november 22 1876 1 have appointed dr john m worth public treasurer from and alter that date conci.vsiox in closing this nay last regular message i commend to yonr care and protection the interests ofthe people and the honor of the state ah our state institutions have been well conducted and i cheerfullv bear testi mony to the manner in which all the officers have discharged their duty let us gentlemen begin the second cen tury-of our existence as a free people with feelings of devout gratitude to god for the manifold mercies and blessings with which i.e has crowned us for the ia.-t"one hundred year and with an unfaltering purpose to do as much for our posterity as has been done for us by our ancestors during the century out of whose glorious light we are now pac ing may this light increase in splendor ami purity through all the coming years even the light of civil and religions libertv and may our state the land ofour life and tbe home of our affections be among the foremost in that career of prosperity and greatness which shall characterize thestatea of nur common union and thus participate equally with all of them in the beuerits and blessings which we trust the future has iu store for us curtis h brogden executive department raleigh nov 20 istli troops and ships concena prating at washington washington nov 19 when con gress comes together on monday the 4tb of december tlie senate and house of representatives will find themselves pretty much iu the condition of the french chambers ou the 2j of decern ber 1851 made memorable by louis na poleon's coup d'etat by which iu a night the republic was transformed into the empire that is to say cougieas will then be surrounded with troops the artillery companies which started from kansas on friday last and others from various points are intended to con centrate either in this cit or within call a portion of the troops in the south have been relieved from imaginary duty there and ordered up to washington indeed many have arrived already and fully half the whole army can be gathered in or around the capital at a few hours no tice similar preparations are making in the navy and on au extensive scale offi cers commanded to silence iu regard to these movements may say what they please bul the stubborn fact still remains and will soon be verified in a form to ei lence all denial or evasion people be gin to say what does all this meau ?" l^t the returning boards iu the three contested states count iu hayes und tho explanation will speak at the point of the bayonet or let the senate in another contin gency suggested openly by republican leaders as possible postpone lhe final counting in presence of the two houses and elect a president of that body to step into grant's shoes on saturday the 3d of march through a p?egoucerted resigna tion and another explanation of this menacing concentration of troops would be furnished everything is quiet nobody propo scs to break the peace and wtiilc there is a deep anxit ty as to the result of the presidential complication the moment it is fairly declared and the suspicion of fraud is removed the public mind will settle down to its accustomed calm and â€¢ accept tildeti or hayes aa may be de termined it is only conspirators who seek to retain power by unfair iguana wi to keep their grip ou the treasury whu raise a false cry of danger so as to pi0te*4 their designs by foice ji alarm u created lhe president it rc sponsible he and his reckless adriavr have disturbed tranquillity and foiced men to look i'i the immediate future with distrust and painful forebodings i^oasj biljiies are discussed which the american people have always rejected unless oue , ol the three slates now held in suspense should ebiaily dec tilden or all of them as decisively eifct hayes the sceue uuw witnessed ju tbe south wii be jfÂ»nj9ferre4 hcl gushing and taft aiui a cmwd of vol untecrs are engage in e xnloi*'n*r old statutes and watering the constitution to brace up grant with technical forma to meet any one f vaiious emergencies which may or may not come to pass the general idea is to give him the color nt maim lining the laws if extreme nieas ures should bo adopted wiih or without pro vocal iou au revolution are begun in that way the situ ition ia grave and must ba looked squarely in ihe face to avoid tbe penis thai a few weeks may biiiig forth the men who have held power for fifteen vvhx enjoyed the patronage attendant ijpon ve or six bundled of an â– inal receipt end expfmd.'tn t^ampu j.itcd the great opcrantm jq the tce.aaury aud practi-.-iily mq be governroeiki fo themselves and tin party which they control wdi nol give up unless by iba ' compulsion d public p,â€ž;ou