17th Parallel: Vietnam in War (French: Le 17e parallèle: La guerre du peuple) is a 1968 French documentary film directed by Joris Ivens.[1][2] The film sets out to show the effects of the American bombing campaign on the Vietnamese people, who were mainly peasant farmers.

1.
Joris Ivens
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Georg Henri Anton Joris Ivens was a Dutch documentary filmmaker. Born Georg Henri Anton Ivens into a family, Ivens went to work in one of his fathers photo supply shops. Originally his work focused on technique, especially in Rain, a 10-minute short filmed over 2 years, in 1929, Ivens went to the Soviet Union and was invited to direct a film on a topic of his own choosing which was the new industrial city of Magnitogorsk. Before commencing work, he returned to the Netherlands to make Industrial Symphony for Philips Electric which is considered to be a film of great technical beauty. He returned to the Soviet Union to make the film about Magnitogorsk and this was the first film on which Ivens and Eisler worked together. It was a film about this new industrial city where masses of forced laborers. With Henri Storck, Ivens made Misère au Borinage, a documentary on life in a mining region. From 1936 to 1945, Ivens was based in the United States, Film Service, in the year 1940, he made a documentary film on rural electrification called Power and the Land. It focused on a family, the Parkinsons, who ran a business providing milk for their community, the film showed the problem in the lack of electricity and the way the problem was fixed. Jean Renoir did the French narration for the film and Hemingway did the English version only after Orson Welless sounded too theatrical. Spanish Earth was shown at the White House on July 8,1937 after Ivens, Hemingway, Martha Gellhorn, had had dinner with President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt, the Roosevelts loved the film but said that it needed more propaganda. This 1937 documentary was considered his masterpiece, in 1938 he traveled to China. The 400 Million depicted the history of modern China and the Chinese resistance during the Second Sino-Japanese War, robert Capa did camerawork, Sidney Lumet worked on the film as a reader, Hanns Eisler wrote the musical score, and Fredric March provided the narration. It, too, had been financed by the people as those of Spanish Earth. Its chief fundraiser was Luise Rainer, recipient of the best actress Oscar two years in a row, and the group called themselves this time, History Today. The Guomindang government censored the film, fearing that it would give too much credit to left-wing forces, Ivens was also suspected of being a friend of Mao Zedong and especially Zhou Enlai. In early 1943, Frank Capra hired Ivens to supervise the production of Know Your Enemy, War Department film series Why We Fight. The films commentary was written largely by Carl Foreman, Capra fired Ivens from the project because he felt that his approach was too sympathetic toward the Japanese

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French language
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French is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages, French has evolved from Gallo-Romance, the spoken Latin in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues doïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to Frances past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, a French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French. French is a language in 29 countries, most of which are members of la francophonie. As of 2015, 40% of the population is in Europe, 35% in sub-Saharan Africa, 15% in North Africa and the Middle East, 8% in the Americas. French is the fourth-most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union, 1/5 of Europeans who do not have French as a mother tongue speak French as a second language. As a result of French and Belgian colonialism from the 17th and 18th century onward, French was introduced to new territories in the Americas, Africa, most second-language speakers reside in Francophone Africa, in particular Gabon, Algeria, Mauritius, Senegal and Ivory Coast. In 2015, French was estimated to have 77 to 110 million native speakers, approximately 274 million people are able to speak the language. The Organisation internationale de la Francophonie estimates 700 million by 2050, in 2011, Bloomberg Businessweek ranked French the third most useful language for business, after English and Standard Mandarin Chinese. Under the Constitution of France, French has been the language of the Republic since 1992. France mandates the use of French in official government publications, public education except in specific cases, French is one of the four official languages of Switzerland and is spoken in the western part of Switzerland called Romandie, of which Geneva is the largest city. French is the language of about 23% of the Swiss population. French is also a language of Luxembourg, Monaco, and Aosta Valley, while French dialects remain spoken by minorities on the Channel Islands. A plurality of the worlds French-speaking population lives in Africa and this number does not include the people living in non-Francophone African countries who have learned French as a foreign language. Due to the rise of French in Africa, the total French-speaking population worldwide is expected to reach 700 million people in 2050, French is the fastest growing language on the continent. French is mostly a language in Africa, but it has become a first language in some urban areas, such as the region of Abidjan, Ivory Coast and in Libreville. There is not a single African French, but multiple forms that diverged through contact with various indigenous African languages, sub-Saharan Africa is the region where the French language is most likely to expand, because of the expansion of education and rapid population growth

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IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database

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De brug
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De brug is a 1928 Dutch documentary short film directed by Joris Ivens. This silent film explores the then-newly constructed Rotterdam vertical-lift railroad bridge, its structure, mechanisms, complex actions, three views of the film camera appear as if in a technical drawing. It then proceeds to examine the bridge from all angles, the bridge is shown in ultrawide format, then wide, then in close-up, from a train riders viewpoint. The view shifts to outside the train looking down at the water far below. A worker ascends, inspects, observes the surrounding environs, from a vantage point between two train cars coupled together, the countryside flits by as the train makes its way to the bridge. Sailing and steam ships then make their way through, while the train waits. The bridge descends, the rise, and the train continues on its way. Ivens was involved in the Amsterdam film-league, while he managed his fathers photographic business, in the 1920s, the modern, technology-oriented city of Rotterdam had become quite popular. The construction of its new lifting bridge was covered extensively in the press, Ivens called the bridge a laboratory of movements, tones, shapes, contrasts, rhythms, and the relations between all of these. He climbed the bridge over a period of months and filmed it day after day on lunch breaks, according to van Ulzen, Ivens almost entirely abstract film achieved immediate world fame. De Brug was described in the British journal CLOSEUP as a visual symphony. Documentary, a history of the non-fiction film, imagine a Metropolis, Rotterdams Creative Class 1970-2000. De brug at the Internet Movie Database De brug is available for download at the Internet Archive

5.
Rain (1929 film)
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Rain is a 1929 Dutch short documentary film directed by Mannus Franken and Joris Ivens. It premiered on December 14,1929, in the Amsterdam Filmliga’s theater, Joris Ivens lived from 1898 to 1989 and in that time created thirteen noteworthy documentaries, whose interrelation and evolution loosely model the trajectory of documentary film as a whole. Over his career, he made art films, commercial films, political documentaries and his final film, A Tale of the Wind, was an autobiographical piece contemplating the divide between realism and fantasy. Additionally, Ivens was one of the voices of Dutch Film, establishing traditions in the form of content. First among these is the heritage of the Dutch. Ivenss attention to composition is not only of his three-generation family history of photography. Regen was one of the voices of avant-garde documentary. While striving for what amounts to peak formalism, Regen differs from other city films in that its focus is shifted from city life to the rainstorm itself. Though Ivens mostly produced Regen by his own means, his involvement with the Amsterdam Filmliga was key to his studies of good practice and interest in formal experiments. In 1927, Henrik Scholte proposed the foundation of the Filmliga in the interest of showing highly avant-garde films, the Filmliga’s manifesto, written by Scholte himself, suggested first and foremost that a filmmaker is an artist above all things. Ivens hosted the library of the Film League in his attic and was able to film theory and, at his editing bench. One such manufacturer was Emanuel Goldberg, inventor of the Kinamo camera, Ivens worked on the assembly line for the camera and acknowledged Goldberg’s influence on his entire career. Without knowing it, filming flexibly and without stopping, I had achieved a continuity. That day I realized that the camera was an eye and I said to myself, If it is a gaze, it ought to be a living one. ”Ivens completed many of his manufacturing apprenticeships in Berlin, involving not only with the photography industry. By the time Ivens arrived in Berlin, it was 1921, the 1918 revolution of workers and soldiers had failed and the Weimar Republic was already perceived as a sham. Though the Weimar lifestyle did not suit Ivens for very long, features of expressionism and its parent and predecessor, at this time, the avant-garde movement was just being taken up by filmmakers, who were making new discoveries daily about the artistic potential of filmmaking. These filmmakers no longer wanted to produce vapid pieces created simply to entertain the masses, instead, they sought expression through a film’s rhythm and movement—the characteristics which, according to these artists, made film a unique medium. Rain closely adheres to this prioritization of a film’s formalistic qualities, the short film focuses primarily on composition and rhythm, visually following the patterns of raindrops and people as they try to negotiate with each other in their movements through the city

6.
Our Russian Front
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Our Russian Front is a 1942 American documentary film directed by Joris Ivens and Lewis Milestone, and narrated by Walter Huston to promote support for the Soviet Unions war effort. Joris Ivens anticipated that editing might take a week, but stated that Hollywood fiddled with it for two months and unrecognizably altered the original version, Walter Huston narrates a World War II documentary intended to bolster United States support for the USSRs war efforts. Created using front line footage taken by Russian battlefield cameramen, and archive footage of Averell Harriman, Joseph Stalin, and Semyon Timoshenko, the film was edited in the US. Upon release, the film screened for more than 20 hours a day, the New York Times reports that the greatest battle in history was assembled by Lewis Milestone and Joris Ivens into a tersely contemporary document. They granted that as a record of the Russian peoples struggle, it is a heartening account and our Russian Front at the Internet Movie Database

7.
A Tale of the Wind
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A Tale of the Wind is a 1988 French film directed by Joris Ivens and Marceline Loridan. It is also known as A Wind Story and it stars Ivens as he travels in China and tries to capture winds on film, while he reflects on his life and career. The film blends real and fictional elements, it ranges from documentary footage to fantastical dream sequences, next to a fast-spinning windmill, a young boy enters a large toy aeroplane and says he will fly to China. An old man, Joris Ivens, sits on a chair in the Gobi Desert, on the sand dunes around him a group of men are raising poles with microphones. An old Chinese man practices martial arts with several men in front of a traditional Chinese building. Ivens, who is 90 years old, has been asthmatic since childhood, the literary character Sun Wukong, in a Peking opera appearance, watches from a tree. The man answers that the secret of breathing lies in the rhythm of the autumn wind, Sun Wukong then throws a banana peel before the man, who slips and falls. Ivens visits the Golden Thousand Armed Guanyin at the Dazu Rock Carvings, intercut are Chinese landscapes seen from the air and footage of stormy weather. The Leshan Giant Buddha is seen, in the Gobi Desert, the team of technicians set up a camp. Ivens uses an inhaler and is examined by a doctor. A member of the group says that the wind will not appear for several days, the following day, Ivens falls from his chair in the desert and is brought to a hospital. Sun Wukong visits him in the hospital bed, in an extended dream sequence, the spaceship from the film A Trip to the Moon brings Ivens to the Moon. There he encounters the goddess Change who tells him there is no wind on the Moon, in a stylised village where a wedding is taking place, a communist representative holds a speech about how fortunate the villagers are. Sun Wukong turns up and pulls the plug to the representatives microphone, Ivens is briefly seen in Sun Wukongs make-up. Ivens enters a cavern, where men greet him and say that he is expected, at the end of the cavern there is a mask from which a strong wind blows from the mouth. Ivens says that he wants to meet the man who made the mask, the man explains the masks mythological symbology and gives it to Ivens, who in return gives the man a print of his 1930 film Breakers. Ivens is carried to the top of a mountain to record the sound of wind, footage is seen from the Japanese invasion of China, which Ivens filmed in 1938. Footage from the air is seen of the Great Wall of China, trying to film the Terracotta Army, Ivens and Marceline Loridan only obtain permission to film for ten minutes, which would not be enough