DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of season, climate, and diet on antioxidants in reindeer. We will use seasonal measurements of circulating antioxidant concentrations in reindeer from a sub-arctic foraging reindeer herd in Alaska and farms in Alaska and temperate New York that feeds a commercial pelleted ration. Serum and blood will be collected from mature, apparently healthy reindeer in Alaska and New York over two to three seasons to detect seasonal variation in serum vitamins A and E and blood selenium concentrations.