Human trafficking is a crime that the world is trying to stop since it violates the victim’s freedom of movement often done through coercion and exploitation. It is the trade of human beings for slavery, commercial working or for forced labor. It can occur within a country or transnationally.

According to article 3 of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, it defines human trafficking as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons using force or other forms of coercion such as abduction, deception, and use of threat for exploitation.

Exploitation includes prostitution or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery or similar practices to it or removal of organs. Human trafficking consists of three elements which are evident. They include:

Act: which describes the action that takes place i.e. Recruitment, transportation, transfer, etc.

Means: that explains how the actions take place. It may be by use of threat, coercion, force, fraud, abduction or by offering payments or benefits to a person who is in control of the victim.

Purpose: it is an element which explains why the vice occurs. It may include the exploitation of a person through prostitution, forced labor, slavery etc.

So, what are some of the types of human trafficking?

1. Child Trafficking

It involves trafficking children by recruitment, transporting and even harboring them for exploitation. Some of the commercial purposes of exploitation can include sexual exploitation which can be forcing the child into pornography or into prostitution, forced labor, removal of organs, early marriage trafficking and many more. Statistics show that 35% of trafficked persons in the year 2011 were below the age of 18 years and that Thailand and Brazil constitute the countries with the worst child sex trafficking records.

Many traffickers often take advantage of the extreme poverty that their parents are facing. Most of these parents have no choice but to end up selling their children to traffickers so that they can offset some of the bills they have and pay off debts that continue to accrue. For other parents, the motive of selling their children is that they can have enough money in their accounts to become rich. Many of the children sold always believe that they will gain a better life as per what the traffickers convinced them and their parents, however, many end up in illegal adoption agencies, sex trafficking contrary to what their parents believe they are doing abroad.

2. Sex Trafficking

It is claimed that sex trafficking affects 4.5 million users according to the International Labor Organization. Many of the traffickers find themselves coerced into the trade without their knowledge. In the US, any minor involved in a commercial sex act in the US while under the age of 18 qualifies as a trafficking victim. Sexual trafficking includes coercion which involves bullying the migrant into a sexual activity as a condition for allowing them to migrate abroad.

3. Forced Marriage

Is a situation where one or both participants are married without each other’s consent. Forced marriage is a form of human trafficking where a person is sent abroad, forced to marry their new wife or husband and repeatedly treated as a domestic servant by their new spouses.

4. Labor Trafficking

It is the movement of persons for using them to work in various homes as domestic servants in large fields. Men may get in minefields, construction places or factories as others are smuggled for the exploitation of their labor.

5. Organ Trade Trafficking

Trafficking of organs is another type of where the victim is compelled to giving up their organs which can be the kidney in exchange for money or goods but is later not paid. Many of the victims have their organs removed without their knowledge whenever the victim suffers another disease. Trafficking of organs is known as an organized crime and thus many of these criminals look for lucrative organs such as kidneys since many patients are eager to have their damaged kidneys replaced.

To combat the trade many different countries are working together in trying to stop the vice by strengthening ties with the necessary parties thus having most of the workers arrested.

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