Dispersion Pattern

Manner in which individuals in a population are spaced within their area

Clumped (Dispersion)

Uniform (Dispersion)

Individuals are evenly distributed- results from interactions among individuals of a population

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Random (Dispersion)

Unpredictable dispersion- rare due to environment and social interaction- used for testings other dispersion

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Exponential Growth Model

A mathematical description of idealized, unregulated, population growth

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Intrinsic rate of increase

An organism inherent capacity to reproduce

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Population Limiting Factors

Environment factors that restrict population growth

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Logistics Growth Model

A mathematical description of idealized population growth that is restricted by limiting factors

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Carrying capacity

In a population, the # of individuals an environment can sustain

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Density - dependent Factors

A population limiting factor whose effects depend on population density- affect more individuals as # goes up- laboratory population, natural population

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Density - independent Factor

A population limiting factor whose occurrence/effects are not affected by population density - abiotic factors- affects same number no matter the population size

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Life Tables

A listing of survivals and deaths in a population in a particular time period and predictions of how long, on average, an individual of a given age will live

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Life History

A series of events from birth thru reproduction to death

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Opportunistic Life History

Usually small-bodied species that reproduce young and with many. Exponential population. Unpredictable environment w/ density independent.

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Equilibrial Life History

Large-bodied species mature later and produce few offspring but give care. Stable population size w/ near carrying capacity by density - density factors

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How is the growth of humans affected?

Agricultural sciences replacing hunter/gatherer society results in more birth and less death. Technology allow us to continue to grow and raise the carrying capacity. Future: Level off smoothly w/ capacity, sharp decline, or increase and mass death

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Age Structure

Proportion of individuals in different age groups

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Geographic shift

A change in the population's geographic range relative to a change in some environmental factor