Tag reference, Part 1

This chapter contains an alphabetical listing
of all HTML tags supported in Navigator 3.0 and earlier. The tags are presented
in the following format: _IMG SRC="tags1a.gif" HEIGHT=419 WIDTH=512_

The following sections comprise an alphabetical
reference of all tags supported by Netscape Navigator 3.0 and earlier.

A (anchor or link)

The A tag lets you define anchors and links.

A as anchor

An anchor marks a section of an HTML document
and provides a way for links to connect that part of the document. The
A tag typically encloses text or images that represent an anchor, such
as a heading in a document or a logo. Navigator does not use any special
formatting to indicate that the text or image represent an anchor.

Anchors cannot be nested within other A tags.
You can enclose most character and paragraph formatting within the A tag.

Syntax

<A
NAME="AnchorName" required
for an anchor
>
...
</A>

Used within

ADDRESS, DD, DT, H1 through H6, LI, P, PRE

Example

This example defines the heading text "Welcome
to the Marine Mammal page" as an anchor in a document:

<A NAME="mammal_intro"><H2>Welcome
to the Marine Mammal page</H2></A>

If this anchor is in a file called intro.html,
you could define a jump to the anchor as follows:

<A HREF="intro.html#mammal_intro">Introduction
to marine mammals</A>

A as link

A link connects an HTML document to another document
(such as another HTML file or a graphic file) or part of a document (an
anchor in an HTML file). Navigator displays link text and ordinary text
differently, so users can easily distinguish hypertext jumps. By default,
Navigator displays links as blue underlined text or blue-bordered graphics
and visited links as magenta. The default color for links can be changed
in Navigator using the General Preferences command from the Options menu.
When the user clicks a link or image, the reference specified by the HREF
attribute is loaded into the window or frame specified by the TARGET attribute.

The destination of the link is usually another
document or a section of a document. The destination can also be a protocol
that specifies items such as an email message or an FTP site. To jump to
a specific section of a document, the HREF attribute should reference the
NAME attribute of an existing anchor.

NAME="AnchorName" specifies a name for
the anchor. A link to the anchor uses this value for its HREF attribute.

ONCLICK="clickJScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the image or link text. See the JavaScript
Guide for information on event handlers.

ONMOUSEOUT="outJScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user moves the mouse pointer out of the image or
link text. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.

ONMOUSEOVER="overJScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user moves the mouse pointer over the image or link
text. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.

TARGET="WindowName" is only used if
the anchor is also a link. It specifies the window that the link is loaded
into. Navigator 2.0.

Used within

ADDRESS, DD, DT, H1 through H6, LI, P, PRE

Example

This example uses both text and a graphic as a
link. When a user clicks either the word "Download" or the image,
Navigator loads the document specified by the URL in the HREF attribute
in the current browser window. It loads in the current browser window because
no TARGET attribute is present.

This page is enhanced for Netscape Navigator.
You can view this page using other browsers,
but it will appear best with Navigator.<P>
<A HREF="http://home.netscape.com/index.html">Download
</A>Netscape Navigator now!
<A HREF="http://home.netscape.com/index.html">
<IMG SRC="now_bu.gif" ALIGN="texttop"
ALT="Netscape Now">
</A>

_IMG SRC="tags1a1.gif" HEIGHT=147 WIDTH=377>

ADDRESS (format as address)

The ADDRESS tag displays address information in
a format determined by each browser (Netscape Navigator displays addresses
in italic). An address can include authorship information and is usually
placed at the top or bottom of a document.

APPLET (Java applet)

Navigator 2.0

The APPLET tag specifies a Java applet for the
Navigator to load. Applet resources (including their classes) are normally
loaded relative to the CODEBASE tag. Use the PARAM tag to specify parameters
required by the applet.

ALIGN specifies the alignment for the applet.
If you do not specify a value for ALIGN, Navigator uses "BOTTOM"
as the default.

LEFT aligns the applet with the left margin.

RIGHT aligns the applet with the right margin.

TOP aligns the top of the applet with the top of the tallest item in
the current line.

ABSMIDDLE aligns the middle of the applet with the middle of the text
in the current line. Navigator 3.0

ABSBOTTOM aligns the bottom of the applet with the bottom of the lowest
item in the current line. Navigator 3.0

TEXTTOP aligns the top of the applet with the top of the tallest text
in the current line. Navigator 3.0

MIDDLE aligns the middle of the applet with the baseline of the text
in the current line. Navigator 3.0

BASELINE aligns the bottom of the applet with the baseline of the text
in the current line. Navigator 3.0

BOTTOM is the same as BASELINE.

ALT="alternateText" specifies
text to display for browsers that do not support the APPLET tag. Navigator
3.0

ARCHIVE="archiveURL" specifies
a file to be downloaded to the user's disk, and then searched for the classFileName
specified in the CODE attribute. The archiveURL is sought relative to the
classFileDirectory. The suffix on the archiveURL must be .zip, but
the file must not be compressed. Classes not found in the archiveURL are
searched for through the standard mechanism. Navigator 3.0

CODE ="classFileName" specifies
the filename of the applet you want to load. The file name must end with
a .class extension.

CODEBASE="classFileDirectory"
changes the URL specified by the BASE tag. If the CODEBASE attribute is
defined, it specifies a location to find applet resources. The value can
be an absolute URL or a relative URL. An absolute URL is used as is without
modification and is not affected by the document's BASE tag. When the CODEBASE
attribute is relative, then it is relative to the document-URL defined
by the BASE tag. If no base tag is specified, then it is relative to the
directory where the HTML file is.

HEIGHT="pixHeight" specifies
the height (in pixels) that the applet needs.

HSPACE="pixHoriz" specifies the
horizontal space (in pixels) that the applet needs between itself and surrounding
text.

MAYSCRIPT permits the applet to access
JavaScript. Use this attribute to determine whether or not an applet can
access JavaScript on a page without your knowlege. Accessing JavaScript
when the MAYSCRIPT attribute is not specified results in an exception.
Navigator 3.0

NAME ="value" specifies the name
of the applet, so that different applets in the same window can refer to
(and communicate with) one another..

VSPACE="pixVert" specifies the
vertical space (in pixels) that the applet needs between itself and surrounding
text.

WIDTH="pixWidth" specifies the
width (in pixels) that the applet needs. The applet is scaled to fit the
specified height and width.

See also

BASE, PARAM

AREA (client-side image maps)

The AREA tag defines a client-side image map.
An image map is a graphic that has clickable regions that link to different
URLs. For example, you can have an image with a square and a circle where
a click in the square takes you to one page and a click in the circle takes
you to a different page.

Different areas of an image map can jump to
different Web pages. _IMG SRC="tags1a3.gif" HEIGHT=99 WIDTH=324>

Client-side image maps are defined by MAP and
AREA tags. When a user clicks the image, Navigator determines what URL
to load based, on the information in the AREA tag. The USEMAP attribute
of the IMG tag specifies an image as a client-side image map. The MAP tag
contains one or more AREA tags. Each AREA tag describes a different region
as a hyperlink in the image and specifies the URL to which it connects.

SHAPE specifies the shape of the map. Each
shape has its own form of the COORDS attribute:

circle URL x,y,x,y specifies a circle. Circles need two coordinates--the
first pair identifies the circle center and the second identifies any point
on the circle's edge.

rect URL x,y,x,y specifies a rectangle by its upper left (first pair)
and lower right corners.

poly URL x,y,x,y specifies a polygon of up to 100 sides. Each x,y pair
is the point where two sides of the polygon meet. The last x,y pair is
connected to the first to enclose the polygon.

default URL defines the URL to jump to when someone clicks in an area
not specified by any regions. If you use a point in the map file, then
the default is never used.

If no SHAPE is defined, RECT is used.

TARGET="WindowName" specifies
the frame or window that the linked URL is loaded into. When a user clicks
an area that has a TARGET attribute, the URL is loaded in the specified
window or frame instead of in that containing the area. Navigator2.0.

Used within

MAP

Example

In this example, an image map is used to help
users navigate a web site. The following illustration shows what the finished
image map looks like to a user: _IMG SRC="tags1a5.gif" HEIGHT=213 WIDTH=611>

Each button is a separate region of the image
map. The seven buttons correspond to regions defined by seven AREA tags.
The following code defines the map:

Because no SHAPE attribute is specified for any
AREA tag, the shape of each region defaults to a rectangle. The third AREA
tag uses the "_top" value for its TARGET attribute to specify
that its URL is loaded into the full Navigator window.

The image used for the toolbar is nav.gif, an
interlaced GIF. The IMG tag that loads nav.gif uses the USEMAP attribute
to specify that the image is a client-side image map. The value of the
USEMAP attribute, #mainmap, is also the value used for the NAME
attribute of the MAP tag. The value assigned to USEMAP is a standard URL,
so the "#" signals that it is in the current web page. The following
code associates the map with the image:

See also

B (boldface)

Syntax

Example

The following example displays "Netscape
Navigator" in bold.

My preferred browser is <B>Netscape
Navigator</B>.

_IMG SRC="tags1a6.gif" HEIGHT=89 WIDTH=378>

See also

STRONG

BASE (set base URL)

The BASE tag specifies the base URL for the document
(from which all relative links in the document are to be resolved) or the
base target for the document (identifying the default window in which a
followed link displays).

When building complex, multi-page documents, you
might want to specify a base URL for the main document (master HTML file).
To do this, establish a base URL, then give relative URL addresses for
all referenced documents.

If the document is moved, and the base URL is
specified using the BASE tag, all relative references to URLs are updated
relative to the new location of the base URL.

If you have a document that contains links, and
you move it to a different URL, but do not specify a base URL, then when
Netscape Navigator resolves any relative URLs within the document it will
resolve them with respect to the new location, thus probably invalidating
them.. If you do specify a base URL, the relative URLS are resolved with
respect to that base.

The BASE tag does not require a closing tag.

Syntax

<BASE
HREF="baseURL" required
TARGET="WindowName"
>

HREF="baseURL" specifies the
location of the document as an absolute or relative URL. The absolute URL
is used as is without modification. If a relative URL is specified, all
subsequent links are relative to this URL.

TARGET="WindowName" identifies
the default window or frame where any links activated from the current
document will display. Navigator 2.0.

Used within

HEAD

Example

The following example sets http://home.netscape.com
as the base URL for the document.

<HEAD>
<BASE HREF="http://home.netscape.com/">
</HEAD>
Information about Netscape and its products can be found at <A
HREF="comprod/index.html">Company & Products</A>.
</HEAD>

BASEFONT (set default font size)

The BASEFONT tag specifies a default font size.
If the user has set a default font size in Navigator (using the General
Preferences command from the Options menu), this tag overrides it. If the
base font size is not defined, the default is 3.

Syntax

<BASEFONT
SIZE="fontSize"
>
...
</BASEFONT>

SIZE="fontSize" specifies the font
size from 1 to 7 (the default is 3).Navigator 1.1

Example

The following example uses the BASEFONT tag to
set the default font size to 2, then enlarges and decreases the font size
using the FONT tag. All changes made to the font size are relative to the
base font size (2).

<I>Netscape Navigator</I> lets the user select a comfortable base font
size, <BASEFONT SIZE="2"> but this can be reset for all or part of a
page. <FONT SIZE="+3"> Doing so causes subsequent font size changes
</FONT> <FONT SIZE="-1"> to execute relative to the new base font
size.</FONT> <BASEFONT SIZE="3">

_IMG SRC="tags1a7.gif" HEIGHT=123 WIDTH=377>

See also

FONT

BIG (increase font size)

Navigator 2.0

The BIG tag increases the font size from its current
value by one.

Syntax

<BIG>...</BIG>

Example

The following example increases the font size
in three steps for "bigger, and bigger, and bigger."

When he told a lie, his nose grew <BIG>bigger,
and <BIG>bigger, and <BIG>bigger.</BIG></BIG></BIG>

_IMG SRC="tags1a8.gif" HEIGHT=97 WIDTH=377>

See also

BASEFONT, FONT

BLINK (make text blink)

The BLINK tag makes text blink on and off in Netscape
Navigator.

Syntax

<BLINK>...</BLINK>

Example

The following example displays "Blinking
text" as blinking text.

<BLINK> Blinking text </BLINK>
can be annoying, so use it sparingly.

BLOCKQUOTE (indent block of text)

The BLOCKQUOTE tag indents a block of text. Use
the BLOCKQUOTE tag for longer quotations, and the CITE tag for short quotations.

Syntax

<BLOCKQUOTE>...</BLOCKQUOTE>

Example

The following example displays the quotation in
a block format.

Marc Andreessen, vice president of technology and cofounder of Netscape,
said recently:
<BLOCKQUOTE>
"Moving Worlds is extremely exciting because it extends Netscape
Navigator into a whole new dimension. Moving Worlds enables developers
to build 3D applications and content that leverage all the technologies
supported by the Netscape software platform: Java, JavaScript, advanced
HTML, frames, and Plug-Ins. Netscape is committed to integrating 3D
technology into the Netscape software platform and to providing a
seamless blend of 2D and 3D elements to bring rich, lifelike activity to
the Internet."
</BLOCKQUOTE>

_IMG SRC="tags1a9.gif" HEIGHT=240 WIDTH=378>

BODY (main content of document)

The BODY tag specifies the main content of a document.
Each HTML document begins with a <HEAD>...</HEAD>, then concludes
with a <BODY>...</BODY>.) Within the body of your document
you can include the tags that define global characteristics of the document--the
layout and structure of the document and all links to text and graphics.

Syntax

All color attributes can be represented by either
a hexadecimal red-green-blue triplet or by a color name. See Appendix B,
"Color values."

ALINK="color" changes the color
of text that indicates a link in a document. This is the color the link
flashes to when the user clicks it. The user can set a default color using
the General Preferences command from the Netscape Navigator Options menu.

BACKGROUND="bgURL" specifies
an image that displays in the background of the document. The URL value
can be an absolute URL or a relative URL. The absolute URL is used as is
without modification. The image is tiled (that is, the image is repeated
in a grid) to fill the entire frame. Navigator 1.1

BGCOLOR="color" changes the color
of the background. The user can set a default color using the General Preferences
command from the Netscape Navigator Options menu. Navigator 1.1

LINK="color" changes the text
color indicating a link in a document. This is the normal color for the
link. The user can set a default color using the General Preferences command
from the Netscape Navigator Options menu.

TEXT="color" changes the color
of normal text (i.e. text not highlighted to indicate a link) in a document.
The value is a hexadecimal red-green-blue triplet. The user
can set a default color using the General Preferences command from the
Netscape Navigator Options menu.

ONBLUR="blurJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the window of the document loses focus.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.

ONFOCUS="focusJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the window of the document acquires focus.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.

ONLOAD="loadJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the document is loaded. See the JavaScript
Guide for information on event handlers.

ONUNLOAD="unloadJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the document is exited. See the JavaScript
Guide for information on event handlers.

VLINK="color" changes the text
color indicating a visited (followed) link in a document. The user can
set a default color using the General Preferences command from the Netscape
Navigator Options menu.

Example

The following example sets the background color
to light yellow, ordinary text to black, unvisited links to blue, visited
links to green, and active links to red.

See also

FONT, HEAD

BR (line break)

The BR tag breaks the line in the text flow of
your document. This lets you control where the next line of text appears,
which is especially useful when including graphics in a document. Unlike
the P tag, the BR tag does not add extra space.

The BR tag does not require a closing tag.

Syntax

<BR
CLEAR="ALL"|"LEFT"|"RIGHT"
>

CLEAR lets you flow text around an image
or figure. Navigator 1.1

ALL displays text at the next clear left and right margin.

LEFT displays text at the next clear left margin.

RIGHT displays text at the next clear right margin.

Example

The following example inserts line breaks in a
speech from Hamlet.

Hamlet's famous speech begins:<P>
To be, or not to be<BR>
That is the question<P>

This puts space after the introductory clause,
but keeps the quote together. The last line uses the P tag to put more
space before the next line.

_IMG SRC="tags1a10.gif" HEIGHT=142 WIDTH=378>

See also

P

CAPTION (display table caption)

Navigator 1.1

The CAPTION tag defines a caption for a table.
Place the CAPTION tag within the TABLE tag but not inside the TD or the
TR tags.

Syntax

<CAPTION ALIGN="BOTTOM"|"TOP">...</CAPTION>

ALIGN specifies the placement of the caption
within a table.

BOTTOM places the caption at the bottom of the table.

TOP places the caption at the top of the table. TOP is the default.

Used within

TABLE

Example

The following example creates a three-column,
four-row table, with the caption "Tables are as easy as one, two,
three" aligned at the top of the table.

CENTER (center a block of text)

Syntax

<CENTER>...</CENTER>

Example

The following example centers a heading.

<CENTER>
<H1>Netscape's Mascot Mozilla</H1>
</CENTER>

_IMG SRC="tags1a12.gif" HEIGHT=116 WIDTH=378>

CITE (citation)

The CITE tag marks a block of text as a citation.
The citation should be a small citation, such as a book title. Use the
BLOCKQUOTE tag for long quotations. Netscape Navigator displays citations
in italics.

Syntax

<CITE>...</CITE>

Example

The following example displays the citation in
italics.

Mozilla said to the crowd, <CITE>Visit
Netscape's website</CITE>.

_IMG SRC="tags1a13.gif" HEIGHT=90 WIDTH=378>

See also

BLOCKQUOTE

CODE (program code text)

The CODE tag displays text in the fixed-width
font, as determined in Options|General Preferences.

For large sections of code where formatting is
important use the PRE tag to preserve the space characters and line breaks
used in the program listing.

See also

KBD, PRE, SAMP

DD (definition description)

The DD tag marks a definition in a definition
list. The DD tag must be used within the scope of a DL tag and should be
used in conjunction with the DT tag (the term being defined). The DD tag
does not require a closing tag.

Syntax

<DD>

Used within

<DL>

Example

See the example for DL.

See also

DL, DT

DIR (directory lists)

Deprecated

The DIR tag creates a definition list where each
item in the list can be no longer than 20 characters. Some web browsers
display items in the list in columns across the screen. Navigator always
displays the items in a single column. To mark the individual items within
the list, use the LI tag. A single list item can contain additional paragraphs,
marked with the P tag.

See also

DL (definition list)

The DL tag encloses a definition list. A definition
contains terms and definitions. Netscape Navigator displays the terms left
aligned and the definitions indented on the next line.

Syntax

<DL COMPACT>...</DL>

COMPACT "compacts" the definition
list by placing the term defined by the DT tag on the same line as the
definition defined by the DD tag, provided the term is short enough.

Example

The following example defines three HTML terms.

All HTML files contain the following tags:<P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>HTML
<DD>This tag marks a text file as an HTML document.
<DT>HEAD
<DD>This tag defines the heading for the HTML document.
<DT>BODY
<DD>This tag defines the body for the HTML document.
<DT>DL
<DD>This tag defines a definition list in the HTML document.
<DT>DT
<DD>This tag defines a term in a definition list in the HTML document.
<DT>DT
<DD>This tag defines a definition in a definition list in the HTML
document.
</DL>

_IMG SRC="tags1a17.gif" HEIGHT=231 WIDTH=383>

See also

DD, DT

DT (definition term)

The DT tag specifies the term defined in a definition
list. The corresponding DD tag specifies the definition. The DT tag does
not require a closing tag.

Syntax

<DT>

Used within

<DL>

Example

See the example for DL.

See also

DL, DT

EM (emphasize text)

The EM tag marks text for emphasis.

Netscape Navigator displays emphasized text in
italics.

Syntax

<EM>...</EM>

Example

We ship your products overnight <EM>for
free</EM>!

_IMG SRC="tags1a18.gif" HEIGHT=88 WIDTH=378>

See also

I

EMBED (insert object)

Navigator 2.0.

The EMBED tag lets you display output from a plug-in
application in an HTML document. To display, the plug-in application must
be installed. When loaded, the applet runs automatically.

Any attributes other than those listed are passed
through to the plug-in.

ALIGN specifies the alignment for the applet.

LEFT aligns text flush left (the default).

RIGHT aligns text flush right.

TOP aligns text to the top.

BOTTOM aligns text to the bottom.

BORDER="pixBorder" specifies
the size, in pixels, of the border around the applet in pixels.

FRAMEBORDER="NO" specifies that
the frame has no border.

HEIGHT="pixHeight" specifies
the height in pixels needed by the applet.

HIDDEN="TRUE"|"FALSE"
specifies whether the plug-in is visible on the page. The value TRUE overrides
any HEIGHT and WIDTH to make a zero-sized plug-in. The default is FALSE.

HSPACE="value" specifies a margin
in pixels between the left and right edges of the applet and surrounding
text and images. Navigator 1.1

NAME="appletName" specifies the
name of the applet.

PALETTE="FOREGROUND"|"BACKGROUND"
is relevant only on the Windows platform. A value of FOREGROUND makes the
palette used by the plug-in be the foreground palette. Similarly, a value
of BACKGROUND makes the plug-in use the background palette, which is also
the default.

PLUGINSPAGE="instrURL" specifies
the URL that contains the instructions for installing the plug-in. This
URL used by the assisted installation process if the plug-in registered
for the MIME type of this EMBED tag is not found.

VSPACE="value" specifies a margin
in pixels between the top and bottom edges of the applet and surrounding
text and images.Navigator 1.1

TYPE="MIMEtype" specifies the
MIME type of the EMBED tag, which in turn determines which plug-in to load.
Use TYPE instead of SRC for plug-ins that require no data or plug-ins that
fetch all their data dynamically.

WIDTH="pixWidth" specifies the
width in pixels in which the object must fit. The object is scaled to fit
the specified height and width.

Example

The following example embeds two objects, MyMovie.mov
and Game.ids in the document.

See also

APPLET, PARAM

FONT (change color, face, size)

Navigator 1.1

The FONT tag lets you change the color, size,
and face (font family) of the font. You can specify the default font size
for a document using the BASEFONT tag. The FONT tag overrides any other
font settings. In other words, text within the scope of the FONT tag is
displayed in the color and size you specify, regardless of any other settings.

FACE="fontlist" specifies a comma-separated
list of fonts as your preferred font choices for the text in the scope
of the FONT tag. Navigator searches for the first font in the list; if
the font is present, Navigator uses it; otherwise the search continues.
If none of the fonts is found, Navigator 3.0

SIZE="fontSize" defines the size
of the font, in a range from 1 to 7, with a default size of 3. You can
also specify the size using a plus or minus sign in front of the number
to change the size with respect to the base font size.

Example

The following example displays "color"
in red and increases the font size of "size" to 2 sizes larger
than the base font.

See also

BASEFONT

FORM (create form)

The FORM tag creates an HTML form, which lets
users input text and make choices from elements such as checkboxes, radio
buttons, and selection lists. A user fills out the form, and then submits
the form by clicking a button.

You define and specify the features of a form
by using the following tags nested within the FORM tag:

INPUT

SELECT

TEXTAREA

A document can have multiple forms, but forms
cannot be nested--you cannot have a form within a form.

**add cross-ref to chapter 2 here**

Syntax

ACTION="ServerURL" specifies
the URL of the server where the form information is sent. This attribute
can specify a CGI or LiveWire application on the server; it can also be
a mailto: URL if the form is to be mailed to someone.

ENCTYPE="EncodingType" specifies
the MIME encoding of the data sent:

"application/x-www-form-urlencoded" (the default), is typically
used if METHOD attribute has the value "POST"

"multipart/form-data" is used when the form contains a file
upload element (INPUT TYPE="file").

METHOD specifies how information is sent
to the server specified by ACTION.

GET (the default) appends the input information to the URL which on
most receiving systems becomes the value of the environment variable QUERY_STRING.

POST sends the input information in a data body that is available on
stdin with the data length set in the environment variable CONTENT_LENGTH.

NAME="FormName" specifies the
name of the form. The name is not displayed on the form. Since there can
be multiple forms on the same page, the NAME attribute is used by JavaScript
to differentiate different forms.

ONRESET="resetJScode" specifies
JavaScript code that executes when a user resets the form, as with a RESET
button. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.

ONSUBMIT="submitJScode" specifies
JavaScript code that executes when a user submits the form, as with a SUBMIT
button. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.

TARGET="WindowName" specifies
the window that form responses are displayed in. When a user submits a
form with a TARGET attribute, server responses are displayed in the specified
window instead of the window that contains the form. Navigator 2.0.

Example

The following example creates a form called LoginForm
that contains text fields for user name and password, a submit button,
and a cancel button.

See also

SELECT, TEXTAREA

Tag reference list, Part 2

FRAME (create an independent window region)

The FRAME tag creates a frame, which is an individual,
independently scrolling region of a web page. The FRAMESET tag defines
a group of frames that display in one Netscape Navigator window. The FRAME
tag defines each individual frame in the Netscape Navigator window. Each
frame can be defined with unique features and characteristics using the
FRAME tag's attributes.

The content that each frame displays is determined
by a distinct URL. Links in a frame can cause a related frame to point
to a different URL, and frames can be targeted by other URLs within the
same window.

Tags2

FRAMESET (define a group of frames)

The FRAMESET tag defines a group of frames that
appear in a single Netscape Navigator window. You define and specify the
features of the group of frames by using the following tags nested within
the FRAMESET tag:

FRAME defines each individual frame. Each frame can be defined with
unique features and characteristics using the FRAME tag's attributes.

NOFRAMES provides alternative content for the FRAMESET tag and is for
browsers that cannot display frames.

The only place the FRAMESET tag is used is in
a frame definition document. A frame definition document is an HTML
document that contains the layout for each frame and frameset that make
up a Navigator window. An HTML document that contains a FRAMESET tag cannot
contain a BODY tag.

BORDER="pixWidth"specifies
the thickness of frame borders for all frames in a frameset. A setting
of BORDER="0" causes all frames in the frameset to have no border
between them. A setting of BORDER="3" causes a border of 3 pixels.
If no BORDER tag is present, the default is 5 pixels. The BORDER tag can
be used only on an outermost FRAMESET tag. Navigator 3.0

BORDERCOLOR="color" specifies
the color of a frame's borders. The value of color is a hexadecimal
red-green-blue triplet, or a color name. See Appendix B,
"Color values."Navigator 3.0

Because frame borders are shared, Navigator must
resolve any border color conflicts.

Any attribute appearing in the outermost FRAMESET has the lowest priority.

This attribute is, in turn, overridden by any attribute used in a nested
FRAMESET tag.

Finally, any BORDERCOLOR attribute in the current FRAME tag overrides
all previous FRAMESET tag uses.

If there is a conflict for two colors of equal
priority both set on the same edge, the behavior is undefined.

COLS="ColumnWidthList" specifies
a comma-separated list of values giving the width of each frame in the
frameset. If one of the values is missing, the corresponding frame is sized
to fit by the browser. The browser can approximate some values to make
the total height of the rows equal to the height of the window or the total
width of the columns equal to the width of the window. ColumnWidthList
can be:

Size of a frame in pixels.

Percentage size of each frame.

Relative size of each frame, using asterisk (*) to mean "as much
space as possible."

FRAMEBORDER determines how frame borders
are displayed.Navigator 3.0

YES causes an outline-3D border.

NO causes a plain border.

When FRAMEBORDER appears in the FRAMESET tag,
it sets a default FRAMEBORDER value for all frames in that frameset. When
FRAMEBORDER appears in a FRAME tag, it applies only to that particular
frame, overriding any FRAMEBORDER established by an outer FRAMESET tag.
A border shared between frames is plain only if all adjacent frames have
the FRAMEBORDER attribute set to NO. When neither a FRAME nor a FRAMESET
governing that FRAME has set FRAMEBORDER, the default setting is YES.

ONBLUR="blurJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the window containing the frameset loses
focus. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.Navigator
3.0

ONFOCUS="focusJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the window containing the frameset loses
focus. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.Navigator
3.0

ONLOAD="loadJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the frameset is loaded into the frame.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.

ONUNLOAD="unloadJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the frameset is unloaded (exited). See
the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.

ROWS="RowHeightList" specifies
a comma-separated list of values giving the height of each frame in the
frameset. If one of the values is missing, the corresponding frame is sized
to fit by the browser. The browser can approximate some values to make
the total height of the rows equal to the height of the window or the total
width of the columns equal to the width of the window. RowHeightList
can be:

Size of a frame in pixels.

Percentage size of each frame.

Relative size of each frame, using asterisk (*) to mean "as much
space as possible."

Examples

Example 1: frameset with two frames

The following example creates a set of two frames.
The frameset is kept in a separate document file, such as index.html,
that contains no other information. When users navigate to the file, index.html
is loaded, and the FRAMESET tag within index.html then loads the
individual URLS referenced in the FRAME tag.

The two frames appear as columns because COLS
is specified within the FRAMESET tag. The left frame uses 30% of the available
space, and the right frame uses the remaining 70% of the space. By default,
the frames in this example have scroll bars and are resizable, because
no values are specified for the SCROLLING and NORESIZE attributes.

The code in this example creates a set of frames
similar to the following: _IMG SRC="tags2a.gif" HEIGHT=213 WIDTH=614>

The frameset described in this example acts as
a table of contents. The table of contents entries in the left frame are
always available to the user. When users click a link in the left frame,
the right frame navigates to the chosen topic. Each link in the left frame
(the toc.html document file) uses "contentFrame" as the value
of its TARGET attribute, which forces the right frame to display the target
text.

Example 2: nested frames

The following example creates a frameset that
contains a nested frameset.

HEAD (define document header)

The HEAD tag defines the HTML document header.
The header contains information about the document, and can be used to
define JavaScript functions to be used in the document. None of the information
in the HEAD tag is displayed by the Web browser, except for text contained
by the TITLE tag. You should be careful not to put any of your document
content (other than JavaScript) in the HEAD tag.

Syntax

<HEAD>...</HEAD>

The tags that can occur in a header are <BASE>,
<ISINDEX>, <META>, <SCRIPT>, and <TITLE>.

SIZE="pixThick" indicates the
thickness of the line in pixels. The default is 2 pixels. Navigator
1.1

WIDTH="pixPct" defines the horizontal
width of the line. The default is the width of the page. The measurement
value can be a number of pixels or a percentage of the page width or frame
width. Navigator 1.1

The LOWSRC attribute specifies a low-resolution version of the final
image. This small file loads quickly when a user accesses the page. The
file is in JPEG format to make it as small as possible.

The HEIGHT and WIDTH tags specify the dimensions of the image. Navigator
uses these dimensions to reserve a place for the image on the page, but
continues loading any text and other page elements instead of waiting for
the image to load.

Example 2: text wrapping around an image

In this example, an image is aligned on the right
side of the Navigator window, and text flows around it to the left: _IMG SRC="tags2a6.gif" HEIGHT=146 WIDTH=505>

The following HTML code creates the image alignment
and text wrap shown in the previous illustration:

<IMG SRC="logo.jpg"
ALIGN="right" ALT="Welcome to Netscape"
HSPACE="10" VSPACE="5">
<BIG><B>W</B></BIG>e are committed to ensuring that our customers
receive answers to their questions and that they enjoy trouble-free use
of our products.<P>

In this example, the HSPACE attribute creates
a 10-pixel margin below the image, and the VSPACE attribute creates a 5-pixel
margin to the left.

See also

AREA, MAP

INPUT (create input elements in a form)

The INPUT tag lets you create input fields inside
a form. An input field lets the user enter information on an HTML form.
The TYPE attribute determines the specific sort of form element to be created:

FILE places an element on an HTML form letting the user supply a file
as input. When the form is submitted, the content of the specified file
is sent to the server along with the other form data. See "INPUT
TYPE="FILE"" on page 108. Navigator 2.0.

HIDDEN places a text element that is suppressed from form display on
an HTML form. A hidden element is used for passing information to the server
when a form is submitted. See "INPUT
TYPE="HIDDEN"" on page 109.

PASSWORD places a text input field on an HTML form that conceals its
value. When the user enters text into the field, a character such as *
or a black dot hides anything entered from view. See "INPUT
TYPE="PASSWORD"" on page 111.

RADIO places a radio button on an HTML form. A set of radio buttons
that all have the same NAME attribute lets the user choose one item from
the set. If one radio button in a set has the CHECKED attriubute, that
one is selected when the set is first laid out on the window. See "INPUT
TYPE="RADIO"" on page 112.

INPUT TYPE="BUTTON"

Syntax

NAME="buttonName" specifies the
name of the input element. This value is the name portion of the
name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The
name is not displayed on the form.

ONCLICK="JScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the button. See the JavaScript Guide
for information on event handlers.

VALUE="buttonText" specifies
the text to be displayed on the button.

Used within

FORM

Example

The following example is a JavaScript example
that creates a button named CalcButton. The text "Calculate"
is displayed on the face of the button. When the button is clicked, the
function CalcFunction() is called.

INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN"

Syntax

<INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN"
NAME="hiddenName" required
VALUE="hiddenValue"
>

NAME="hiddenName" specifies the
name of the input element. This value is the name portion of the
name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The
name is not displayed on the form. This tag provides a mechanism for delivering
a value to the server without the user having entered it, but note that
it is not very "hidden" because the user can discover it by using
the View|Document Source sequence.

VALUE="hiddenValue" specifies
the initial value of the input element.

Used within

FORM

Example

This example creates a form called LoginForm
that contains text fields for user name and password, a submit button with
the text "Log in" displayed on its face, and a cancel button.
A hidden element, DefaultPass, stores the initial value of the password
field.

INPUT TYPE="IMAGE"

Syntax

ALIGN specifies the alignment of the image
in relation to the surrounding text. If you do not specify a value for
ALIGN, Navigator uses "BOTTOM" as the default.Navigator
1.1

LEFT aligns an image with the left margin.

RIGHT aligns an image with the right margin.

TOP aligns the top of an image with the top of the tallest item in
the current line.

ABSMIDDLE aligns the middle of an image with the middle of the text
in the current line. Navigator 3.0

ABSBOTTOM aligns the bottom of an image with the bottom of the lowest
item in the current line. Navigator 3.0

TEXTTOP aligns the top of an image with the top of the tallest text
in the current line. Navigator 3.0

MIDDLE aligns the middle of the image with the baseline of the text
in the current line. Navigator 3.0

BASELINE aligns the bottom of an image with the baseline of the text
in the current line. Navigator 3.0

BOTTOM is the same as BASELINE.

NAME="name" specifies the name
of the input element. This value is the name portion of the name=value
pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The name is not displayed
on the form. When Navigator sends the offsets of the image to the server,
it sends them as name.x and name.y.

SRC="Location" specifies the
URL of the image to be displayed in the document.

Used within

FORM

Example

This example creates an image element. When the
user clicks the image, the form is submitted.

INPUT TYPE="RADIO"

Syntax

NAME="radioName" specifies the
name of the input element. This value is the name portion of the
name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The
name is not displayed on the form. All radio buttons that have the same
name constitute a radio group; only one radio button of a group can be
set at one time.

ONCLICK="clickJScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the radio button. See the JavaScript
Guide for information on event handlers.

textToDisplay specifies the label to display
next to the radio button.

VALUE="value" specifies the value
that is returned to the server when the radio button is selected and the
form is submitted. This defaults to ON.

INPUT TYPE="RESET"

Syntax

NAME="resetName" specifies the
name of the input element. This value is the name portion of the
name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The
name is not displayed on the form.

ONCLICK="JScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the button. See the JavaScript Guide
for information on event handlers.

VALUE="buttonText" specifies
the text to display on the face of the reset button. .

Used within

FORM

Example

This example displays a text element with the
default value "CA" and a reset button with the text "Clear
Form" displayed on its face. If the user types a state abbreviation
in the text element and then clicks the Clear Form button, the original
value of "CA" is restored.

ISINDEX (indicate presence of searchable index)

The ISINDEX tag indicates that the document has
a searchable index. An HTML index document can be read and queried using
a keyword search, if the server has access to a search engine. Generally,
documents with the ISINDEX tag include a user interface element (such as
a button) or a prompt to initiate the search. You can control the text
that appears as part of the search by using the PROMPT attribute.

The keywords are passed to the server by adding
a question mark to the end of the URL followed by a list of keywords separated
by a plus sign. For example:

http://www.acme.com/products/index.htm?inventory+ordering+shipping

Note that ISINDEX does not require a closing tag.

Syntax

<ISINDEX PROMPT="text"
>

PROMPT="text" specifies the text
that appears as the search prompt in the browser. Navigator 1.1

KBD (keyboard text)

The KBD tag indicates text that is a keyboard
key. Netscape Navigator displays the specified text in the current fixed-width
font as determined by the font setting (Options|General Preferences).

Syntax

<KBD>...</KBD>

Used within

P

Example

The <KBD>ENTER</KBD> key lets
you ...

_IMG SRC="tags2a16.gif" HEIGHT=88 WIDTH=378>

See also

CODE, PRE, TT

KEYGEN (generate key material)

The KEYGEN tag facilitates the generation of key
material and submission of the public key as part of an HTML form. This
mechanism is designed for use in web-based certificate management systems.
It displays a menu of key-size choices from which the user must choose
one. Then, when the submit button is pressed, a key pair of the selected
size is generated. The private key is encrypted and stored in the local
key database.

The public key and challenge string are DER encoded
as PublicKeyAndChallenge, and then digitally signed with the private key
to produce a SignedPublicKeyAndChallenge. The SignedPublicKeyAndChallenge
is base64 encoded, and the ASCII data is finally submitted to the server
as the value of a name-value pair, where the name is name as specified
by the NAME attribute of the KEYGEN tag.

Syntax

<KEYGEN
NAME="name" required
CHALLENGE="challenge"
>

NAME="name" specifies the name
for the name-value pair.

CHALLENGE="challenge" specifies
the challenge string to be packaged with the public key in the PublicKeyAndChallengefor
use in verification of the form submission. If no challenge string is provided,
then it is encoded as an IA5STRING of length zero.

Syntax

TYPE specifies the type of symbol or numbering
sequence to use before each item.

DISC specifies a solid bullet
CIRCLE specifies a hollow bullet
SQUARE specifies a square bullet
A specifies a sequence of uppercase letters
a specifies a sequence of lowercase letters
I specifies a sequence of uppercase Roman numerals
i specifies a sequence of lowercase Roman numerals
1 specifies a sequence of numbers.

VALUE="number" indicates the
starting number for an item in a numbered list. This attribute is valid
only in an ordered list. See "OL (ordered
list)" on page 131 for information on the types of numbering
available.

Used within

DIR, DL, OL, UL

Example

The following example defines three HTML terms.
Note the use of &#60; and &#62; as one way to represent the less-than
and greater-than characters.

The &#60;LI&#62; tag allows you to:<P>
<UL>
<LI>Identify items in a numbered list
<LI>Identify items in an unordered list
<LI>Identify items in a directory list
<LI>Identify items in a menu
</UL>

_IMG SRC="tags2a17.gif" HEIGHT=168 WIDTH=375>

MAP (define client-side image map)

An image map is a graphic that contains hyperlinks.
The image map can be divided into many regions, and each region of the
map can point to a different URL. When a user clicks a specific region
of the image map, Navigator loads a specific URL.

Client-side image maps are defined by the MAP
and AREA tags and loaded into the Navigator as hypergraphics. When a user
clicks the image, Navigator determines what URL to load based on the information
in the AREA tag. The USEMAP attribute of the IMG tag specifies an image
as a client-side image map.

Syntax

<MAP
NAME="mapName" required
>
...
</MAP>

NAME="mapName" specifies the
name of the map.

Example

In this example, an image map is used as a toolbar
to help users navigate in a web site. The following illustration shows
what the finished image map looks like to a user: _IMG SRC="tags2a18.gif" HEIGHT=80 WIDTH=612>

Each button on the toolbar is a separate region
of the image map. The seven buttons correspond to regions defined by seven
AREA tags. The following code defines the map:

Because no SHAPE attribute is specified for any
AREA tag, the shape of each region defaults to a rectangle. The third AREA
tag uses the "_top" value for its TARGET attribute to specify
that its URL is loaded into the full Navigator window.

The image used for the toolbar is nav.gif,
an interlaced GIF. The IMG tag that loads nav.gif uses the USEMAP
attribute to specify that the image is a client-side image map. The value
of the USEMAP attribute, mainmap, is also the value used for the
NAME attribute of the MAP tag. The following code associates the map with
the image:

See also

AREA, BASE, IMG

MENU (list of simple items)

Deprecated

The MENU tag defines a list of simple items, such
as you would use to create a menu. This tag works just like the UL tag.
The items should be short, no longer than one line. Each is begun by the
<LI> tag.

Syntax

<MENU
...
</MENU>

. Example

The following example creates a simple menu.

Netscape Navigator supports these platforms:

<MENU>
<LI> UNIX
<LI> Windows
<LI> Macintosh
</MENU>

_IMG SRC="tags2a19.gif" HEIGHT=128 WIDTH=378>

See also

UL, LI

Tag reference list Part 3

META (meta-document information)

The META tag specifies meta-document information
or creates an HTTP response header. The META tag provides a way to store
information about the document that is not available elsewhere in the document.
For example, the META tag can contain catalog, author, or index information
that various search engines can use.

The META tag creates a special HTTP response header
that the server sends to the client before transmitting the HTML document.
This form of the META syntax is frequently used to implement client pull.

When you create an HTTP header with META, do not
override a response header field that is normally returned by the server.
Use META to create a special response header field, such as a "refresh"
field that implements client pull.

Syntax

<META
CONTENT="value" required
HTTP-EQUIV="FieldName"
NAME="name"
>

CONTENT="FieldContent" specifies
the value of the HTTP response header field created by HTTP-EQUIV.Navigator
1.1

HTTP-EQUIV="FieldName" specifies
the name of the HTTP response header field.

NAME="name" specifies a name for the
meta-document information. Different programs that access meta-document
information expect different values for this attribute

Used within

HEAD

Examples

Example 1: indexing information

In this example, the META tag stores indexing
information that a search engine uses when it accesses the document. This
search engine expects the NAME attribute to have a value of "keywords"
when a document is indexed. Search utilities and some webcrawlers used
by web search servers will catalog this information. The index keywords
are stored as the value of the CONTENT attribute.

In this example, the META tag creates a special
HTTP header field that implements a client pull animation. The animation
shows three different views of a dog; these views, when loaded sequentially,
simulate the dog running. The CONTENT attribute specifies that each view
of the dog is displayed for three seconds.

When a user loads spot1.html, the file
is displayed for three seconds. Then the second file, spot2.html
is loaded. After three more seconds elapse, spot3.html is loaded
by the browser. The following code is contained in a file called spot1.html:

MULTICOL (multiple column formatting)

Syntax

COLS="number" specifies the number
of text columns for the text display. Netscape Navigator attempts to flow
elements evenly across the columns to make each column be about the same
height. Unless the WIDTH attribute is present, column width is adjusted
to fill the available view.

GUTTER="gwidth" specifies the
number of pixels to appear between columns. If it is not specified, Netscape
Navigator uses 10.

WIDTH="colwidth" specifies the
width of each column in the group, in pixels. All columns are the same
width. If WIDTH is not present, its value is determined by subtracting
from the display width the number of pixels that constitute the gutter
and then dividing by the number of columns

Example

The following example uses the MULTICOL tag to
display three columns of text.

<MULTICOL COLS="3" WIDTH="520" >
<P>
HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is a set of tags and attributes that
mark how text is organized and
displayed by web browsers.
</P><P>
HTML documents are files containing text and tags
written for the HyperText Transport Protocol
(HTTP)--the protocol used throughout the World Wide Web.
</P><P>
HTML tags define both the structure of a web page and
the way the marked text displays in a browser such as
Netscape Navigator. Tags mark the start and the end of
text. For example, you can use the H1 tag to mark text
as a first-level heading. When a web browser such as
Netscape Navigator displays that text, it appears in a
large font,
</P><P>
HTML documents may have different appearances on
different browsers. Even if all of your readers use
Netscape Navigator, they all might not see your
HTML page in the same way because they can configure
Netscape Navigator to use different fonts and to
override your color settings.
</P>
</MULTICOL>

_IMG SRC="tags3a.gif" HEIGHT=292 WIDTH=396>

NOBR (no break)

Navigator 1.1

The NOBR tag ensures that a line of text does
not wrap to the next line. This tag is useful for words or phrases that
must be kept together on one line. However, note that if the line of text
is long, it can extend beyond the margin of the browser window, so the
user must use scrollbars to view the text.

Syntax

<NOBR>...</NOBR>

Example

The following example uses the NOBR tag to display
a long line of text.

<NOBR>
Line breaks are not inserted into the text contained within a
&lt;NOBR&gt; block. This tag should be used with care, since it can
create <i>really</i> long lines of text.
</NOBR>

_IMG SRC="tags3a1.gif" HEIGHT=74 WIDTH=589>

NOEMBED (alternate text for plug-ins)

Use the NOEMBED tag if your document might be
displayed on a browser that cannot display content from plug-in programs,
and you want to provide alternative content. Browsers that can display
objects ignore all text in the NOEMBED tag.

Syntax

<NOEMBED>...</NOEMBED>

Example

The following example uses the NOEMBED tag to
provide alternate information for a browser that cannot embed objects.

NOFRAMES (alternate text for frames)

Use the NOFRAMES tag to provide alternative content
for browsers to display if they do not recognize frames. Browsers that
can display frames ignore all text in the NOFRAMES tags unless a file called
by a frame tag is missing or unreachable by the browser.

See also

FRAME, FRAMESET

NOSCRIPT (alternate text for JavaScript)

Navigator 3.0

The NOSCRIPT tag delimits the content for a browser
to display when JavaScript is not available, or when the user has turned
off support for JavaScript by means of the Network|Languages preferences
setting.

Syntax

<NOSCRIPT>...</NOSCRIPT>

Used within

<HEAD>

OL (ordered list)

The OL tag creates an ordered, or numbered, list.
The default numbering style is determined by the browser, but you can use
the tag's attributes to change the numbering sequence. Use LI to designate
the individual list items.

Syntax

<OL
START="value"
TYPE="value"
>
...
</OL>

START="value" indicates the starting
number for the list. The number must be a positive integer.Navigator
1.1

TYPE="value" defines the type
of numbering sequence used for each list item, depending on the type of
list the item is in. Navigator 1.1 The value can be:

1 Arabic numerals

A Capital letters

a Lowercase letters

I Roman numerals

i Lowercase Roman numerals

The following example uses the LI tag to define
three list elements in an ordered list. The numbers are roman numerals
and begin with the number three.

The following steps outline how to create HTML
files:

<OL START="3" TYPE="I">
<LI> Use a text editor or Netscape Navigator Gold to create your HTML
file.
<LI> Put the HTML files on a web server.
<LI> Test the files by accessing them with the server's URL.
</OL>

_IMG SRC="tags3a2.gif" HEIGHT=160 WIDTH=378>

See also

DIR, LI

OPTION (option in a SELECT list)

The OPTION tag specifies a single option within
the scope of a SELECT tag.

Syntax

<OPTION
VALUE="optionValue"
SELECTED
>
...
</OPTION>

VALUE="OptionValue" specifies
a value that is returned to the server when the option is selected and
the form is submitted. When no VALUE attribute is present, the value returned
is the same as the text following the <OPTION> tag.

SELECTED specifies that the option is selected
by default.

Used within

FORM

Example

The following example uses OPTION to specify the
selections in a SELECT list. The user can select only one item from this
list. The value returned to the server is "Standard", "2-day",
or "speedy".

See also

SELECT

P (paragraph)

The P tag specifies a paragraph. You must use
the P tag to separate content because in HTML carriage returns aren't significant.
The P tag puts space after the paragraph (unlike the BR tag). Most browsers
do not recognize the ending tag.

Syntax

<P
ALIGN="LEFT"|"CENTER"|"RIGHT"
>
...
</P>

ALIGN specifies the horizontal alignment
of the paragraph. Navigator 1.1 The value can be:

LEFT aligns the paragraph flush left (the default).

CENTER centers the paragraph.

RIGHT aligns the paragraph flush right.

Example

The following example uses the P tag to break
the text into two paragraphs.

<P > The &lt;P&gt; tag begins
a new paragraph.
<P> The &lt;/P&gt; tag can terminate a paragraph, but few
web browsers require it. As a result, few authors user it.

_IMG SRC="tags3a4.gif" HEIGHT=122 WIDTH=377>

PARAM (parameter for an applet)

The PARAM tag assigns a value for a parameter
required by an applet.

Syntax

<PARAM
NAME="value" required
VALUE="value" required
>

NAME="value" specifies the name
of the variable.

VALUE="value" specifies the value
for the variable.

Example

The following example uses the PARAM tag to assign
values to variables required by the applet.

See also

PLAINTEXT (display rest of document as-is)

The PLAINTEXT tag displays text in a plain text
style, with no additional styles (bold, italics, underlined). The PLAINTEXT
tag suppresses interpretation of all HTML tags within its scope.

Syntax

<PLAINTEXT>

Example

The following example uses the PLAINTEXT tag.

<PLAINTEXT>
The <B>PLAINTEXT</B> tag suppresses interpretation of HTML tags that
<I>follow</I> it to the end of the document.

See also

CODE, PRE, SAMP, XMP

PRE (preformatted text, fixed-width font, no join)

The PRE tag displays preformatted text in the
fixed-width font as determined by the font setting (Options|General Preferences).
Using this tag you can insert and reproduce formatted text, preserving
its original layout, but you have to use entities for the <> and
other symbols. The <PRE> tag suspends text joining and blank suppression.
This makes the <PRE> tag useful for duplicating blocks of text that
were created for some text-only form, such as electronic mail messages
and news postings.

The PRE tag does not suppress interpretation of
other HTML tags, unlike XMP and PLAINTEXT.

S (strikeout type)

SAMP (insert sample)

The SAMP tag delimits a sequence of literal characters,
such as example text. The text is rendered in the fixed-width font, as
determined in Options|General Preferences. It is equivalent to the XMP
tag.

Syntax

Example

See also

KBD, PLAINTEXT, PRE, TT, XMP

SCRIPT (client-side JavaScript code)

The SCRIPT tag specifies client-side JavaScript
code. Anything that you enter within the SCRIPT tag is treated as a script
element by the browser. For example, text within angle brackets is interpreted
by the browser as a script element, not as an HTML element.

Syntax

LANGUAGE="LanguageName" specifies
the program language. If the LANGUAGE attribute is not specified, the default
value is JavaScript.

You can specify JavaScript 1.1 for scripts
to be executed by the 1.1 version of JavaScript (compatible with Navigator
3.0), or JavaScript 1.0 for scripts to be executed by the 1.0 version.
Navigator 3.0

SRC="Location" specifies the
URL of the script, if you want to load a script from a separate file. The
suffix on a Location specifies the scripting language. The web server maps
the suffix to the MIME time, so a script that contains JavaScript code
should have a suffix that maps to "appliation/x-javascript" Navigator
3.0

Examples

Example 1: using the SCRIPT tag

The following example uses the SCRIPT tag to define
a JavaScript script. Because the SCRIPT tag is contained within the HEAD
tag, the script is loaded before anything else in the document is loaded.
The JavaScript code in this example defines a function which opens another
browser window.

If the SIZE attribute is omitted as shown here,
the list is displayed as a pull-down list, as shown in the Shipping Method
list in the previous figure. If SIZE is present, the list looks similar
to the Music Types list in the previous figure.

Example 2: multiple selection

The following example creates a list. The MULTIPLE
attribute lets the user select multiple items from this list.

See also

FORM

SERVER (run a LiveWire script)

The SERVER tag specifies server-side JavaScript
statements that are compiled by LiveWire. (Contrast this with the SCRIPT
tag, which specifies client-side JavaScript statements.) When a script
is specified within the SERVER tag, LiveWire runs it on the server. See
the LiveWire Developer's Guide for more information about JavaScript
in LiveWire.

Syntax

<SERVER>...</SERVER>

Example

The following example uses the SERVER tag to define
a LiveWire script. This LiveWire script connects to a database server:

See also

SCRIPT

SMALL (decrease font size)

Navigator 2.0

The SMALL tag displays text in a smaller font
size than the default font size. The text displays one size smaller (n-1).
You can specify the default font size using the BASEFONT tag. Unless defined
by the user, the default font size is 3.

Syntax

<SMALL>...</SMALL>

Example

The following example decreases the font size
two times for "smaller, and smaller."

<FONT SIZE="+1">
When Alice ate from the Caterpillar's mushroom, she grew
<SMALL>smaller and <SMALL>smaller.</SMALL></SMALL>
</FONT>

_IMG SRC="tags3a8.gif" HEIGHT=90 WIDTH=377>

See also

BIG, BASEFONT, FONT

SPACER (horizontal and vertical spacing)

Navigator 3.0

The SPACER tag provides better control over the
spacing of objects and whitespace in HTML pages. It governs the space between
words or between lines, or creates a spacing rectangle, similar to an invisible
image.

Syntax

ALIGN applies only when the spacer is of
type BLOCK, and specifies the alignment of the spacing rectangle in relation
to the surrounding text. If you do not specify a value for ALIGN, Navigator
uses "BOTTOM" as the default.

LEFT aligns a spacing rectangle with the left margin.

RIGHT aligns a spacing rectangle with the right margin.

TOP aligns the top of a spacing rectangle with the top of the tallest
item in the current line.

ABSMIDDLE aligns the middle of a spacing rectangle with the middle
of the text in the current line.

ABSBOTTOM aligns the bottom of a spacing rectangle with the bottom
of the lowest item in the current line.

TEXTTOP aligns the top of a spacing rectangle with the top of the tallest
text in the current line.

MIDDLE aligns the middle of a spacing rectangle with the baseline of
the text in the current line.

BASELINE aligns the bottom of a spacing rectangle with the baseline
of the text in the current line.

BOTTOM is the same as BASELINE.

HEIGHT="value" applies only when
the spacer is of type BLOCK, and specifies the height of the spacing rectangle
in pixels.

SIZE="pixelSize" depents on the
value of TYPE. When the spacer is of type BLOCK, pixelSize specifies
the absolute width or height in pixels of the spacing rectangle. When the
spacer is of type HORIZONTAL or VERTICAL pixelSize specifies the
absolute width or height in pixels of the added space.

TYPE specifies whether the spacing is that
between words, that between lines, or that of a rectangular space.

HORIZONTAL inserts horizontal space between words. The width of this
space is specified by the SIZE attribute.

VERTICAL inserts vertical space between lines. Implicit in this spacer
is a line break to end the current line, then Navigator adds the vertical
space before the beginning of the next line. The height of the space is
specified by the SIZE attribute.

BLOCK behaves almost exactly like an invisible image. The Navigator
ignores any SIZE attribute and instead uses the HEIGHT, WIDTH, and ALIGN
attributes to define a spacing rectangle.

WIDTH="value" applies only when
the spacer is of type BLOCK, and specifies the width of the spacing rectangle
in pixels.

STRIKE (strikeout type)

Navigator 3.0

The STRIKE tag displays text with a line (strike)
through it.

Syntax

<STRIKE>...</STRIKE>

Example

The following example displays "strikes"
with a line through the word.

Three <STRIKE>strikes</STRIKE>
and you're out.

_IMG SRC="tags3a9.gif" HEIGHT=100 WIDTH=431>

See also

S

STRONG (strong emphasis)

The STRONG tag defines text that displays with
"strong emphasis." Typically the text is displayed in boldface.

Syntax

<STRONG>...</STRONG>

Example

<STRONG>CAUTION!</STRONG> If you
aren't careful, you may hurt yourself.

_IMG SRC="tags3a10.gif" HEIGHT=83 WIDTH=380>

See also

B

SUB (display as subscript)

Navigator 2.0

The SUB tag displays text as a subscript. A subscript
appears slightly below the baseline (bottom edge) of preceding text and
in a smaller font.

Syntax

<SUB>...</SUB>

Example

The following displays a subscript.

The chemical notation for water is <CODE>H<SUB>2</SUB>0</CODE>.

_IMG SRC="tags3a11.gif" HEIGHT=91 WIDTH=378>

See also

SUP

SUP (display as superscript)

Navigator 2.0

The SUP tag displays text as a superscript. A
superscript appears slightly above preceeding text and in a smaller font.

Syntax

<SUP>...</SUP>

Example

The following example displays the 2 in e=mc2
as a superscript.

If Einstein was right, then <CODE>e=mc<SUP>2</SUP></CODE>.

_IMG SRC="tags3a12.gif" HEIGHT=93 WIDTH=378>

See also

SUB

TABLE (define a table)

Navigator 1.1

The TABLE tag defines a table. Rows are defined
by the <TR> tag and cells within the rows by the <TD> tag.

If you want to center a table, you can use the
DIV tag with ALIGN="CENTER" around the table.

BGCOLOR="color" changes the color
of the background for the table. This color can be overridden by a BGCOLOR
tag in the TH, TR, or TD tags. The value of color is a hexadecimal red-green-blue
triplet, or a color name. See Appendix B,
"Color values."Navigator 3.0

BORDER="value" draws a border
around the table. The value is the number of borders (lines) you want around
the table. Use a value of 0 to use the space reserved for borders to expand
the area of your table.

CELLPADDING="value" determines
the amount of space between the border of a cell and the contents of the
cell. The default is 1.

CELLSPACING="value" determines
the amount of space between individual cells in a table. The default is
2.

HEIGHT="height" specifies the
height in pixels that the table must fit. The table is scaled to fit the
specified height and width.

HSPACE="pixHoriz" specifies the
horizontal space in pixels within which the table must fit. The table is
scaled to fit the specified height and width

VSPACE="pixVert" specifies the
vertical space in pixels within which the table must fit. The table is
scaled to fit the specified height and width.

WIDTH="pixels"|"value%"
defines the width of the table. The default is the optimal width determined
by the contents of each cell. The measurement value can be a number of
pixels or the width as a percentage of the page size.

Example

The following example creates a three-column,
four-row table, with the caption "Tables are as easy as one, two,
three" aligned at the bottom of the table.

Syntax

ALIGN specifies the horizontal placement
of the table. The value can be

CENTER centers the table within the text's left and right margins.

LEFT aligns the table with the text's left margin (the default).

RIGHT aligns the table with the text's right margin.

BGCOLOR="value" changes the color
of the background of the table cell created by the TD tag. The color value
is a hexadecimal red-green-blue triplet, or a color name. See Appendix B,
"Color values."Navigator 3.0

COLSPAN="value" indicates the
number of columns the cell spans.

NOWRAP specifies that the lines within
a cell cannot be broken (i.e. are not word wrapped).

ROWSPAN="value" indicates the
number of rows the cell spans.

VALIGN specifies the vertical placement
of the text within a cell:

BASELINE aligns the text with the cell's baseline.

BOTTOM aligns the text with the cell's bottom.

MIDDLE centers the text within the cell (the default).

TOP aligns the text with the cell's top.

Used within

TABLE

Example

See the example for TABLE.

See also

CAPTION, TABLE, TH, TR.

TEXTAREA (text field on a form)

The TEXTAREA tag defines a multiline input field
on an HTML form. A textarea field lets the user enter words, phrases, or
numbers.

COLS="value" defines the width
(number of characters per line) the textarea can accommodate without scrolling.

NAME="textareaName" specifies
the name of the textarea element. This value is the name portion
of the name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted.
The name is not displayed on the form.

ONBLUR="blurJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the textarea element loses focus. See the
JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.

ONCHANGE="changeJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the textarea element loses focus and its
value has been modified. See the JavaScript for information on event handlers.

ONFOCUS="focusJScode specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the textarea element or tabs to it.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.

ONSELECT="selectJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when a user selects some of the text in the
textarea element. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.

ROWS="integer" defines the height
(number of rows) the textarea can accommodate without scrolling.

textToDisplay specifies the label to display
in the textarea.

WRAP specifies whether lines longer than
the textarea's column width wrap to the next line. Navigator 2.0.
The value can be:

OFF disables word wrap. Text the user types is displayed exactly as
typed. If the user explicitly inserts a line break, however, the break
is included as part of the textarea's value.

HARD causes word wrap, and the line breaks are included when the form
is submitted.

SOFT causes word wrap, but the line breaks are not included when the
form is submitted.

Used within

FORM

Example

The following example creates a textarea element
that is 6 rows long and 55 columns wide. The textarea field appears immediately
below the word "Description:". When the form loads, the textarea
element contains several lines of data, including one blank line.

<FORM>
<B>Description:</B>
<BR><TEXTAREA NAME="item_description" ROWS="6" COLS="55">
Our storage ottoman provides an attractive way to
store lots of CDs and videos--and it's versatile
enough to store other things as well.
It can hold up to 72 CDs under the lid and 20 videos
in the drawer below.
</TEXTAREA>
</FORM>

BGCOLOR="color" changes the color
of the background of the table heading. This color can be overridden by
a BGCOLOR tag in the TD tags within the scope of the TH tag. The color
value is a hexadecimal red-green-blue triplet, or a color name. See
Appendix B, "Color values."Navigator
3.0

COLSPAN="value" indicates the
number of columns the cell spans.

NOWRAP specifies that the lines within
a cell cannot be broken (in other words, are not word wrapped).

ROWSPAN indicates the number of rows the
cell spans.

VALIGN specifies the vertical placement
of the text within a cell:

BASELINE aligns the text with the cell's baseline.

BOTTOM aligns the text with the cell's bottom.

MIDDLE centers the text within the cell (the default).

TOP aligns the text with the cell's top.

Used within

TABLE

Example

See the example for TABLE.

See also

CAPTION, TABLE, TD, TR.

TITLE (document title)

The TITLE tag specifies the title of the document.
Generally this title appears in the title bar of the browser window. In
addition, the title can be used by automated web search tools to locate
an applicable document. If a title is not provided, by default the filename
or URL of the document is displayed in the title bar.

BGCOLOR="color" changes the color
of the background of the table row created by the TR tag. This color can
be overridden by a BGCOLOR tag in the TD tags within the scope of the TR
tag. The value of color is a hexadecimal red-green-blue triplet, or
a color name. See Appendix B, "Color
values."Navigator 3.0

VALIGN specifies the vertical placement
of the text within a cell:

BASELINE aligns the text with the cell's baseline.

BOTTOM aligns the text with the cell's bottom.

MIDDLE centers the text within the cell (the default).

TOP aligns the text with the cell's top.

Used within

TABLE

Example

See the example for TABLE.

See also

CAPTION, TABLE, TD, TH.

TT (type writer font)

The TT tag displays text in the fixed-width (typewriter)
font, as determined in Options|General Preferences.

Syntax

<TT>...</TT>

Example

To run the program, type <TT>xyz</TT>
at the command prompt, and then press <KYBD>ENTER</KYBD>.

_IMG SRC="tags3a18.gif" HEIGHT=89 WIDTH=377>

See also

CODE, PRE, KEYBD

U (underline)

Navigator 3.0

The U tag underlines the text it delimits, causing
all text within its scope to have a solid underline drawn along the common
baseline of the text.

Syntax

<U>...</U>

See also

S, STRIKE

UL (unordered list)

The UL tag defines an unordered list. These items,
each begun by the <LI> tag, can contain multiple paragraphs. Just
separate the paragraphs with the P paragraph tag.

Syntax

<UL TYPE="CIRCLE"|"DISC"|"SQUARE">

TYPE defines the type of bullet used for
each list item, depending on the type of list the item is in: Navigator
1.1

CIRCLE a hollow bullet.

DISC a solid round bullet (Netscape Navigator default).

SQUARE a square bullet.

Example

See the example for DL.

See also

DIR, DL, MENU, OL

WBR (word break)

Navigator 1.1

The WBR tag marks a spot where a line break can
take place. It is advisory, as contrasted with the BR and NOBR tags.

The WBR tag does not require a closing tag.

Syntax

<WBR>

Example

<NOBR>
Line breaks are not ordinarily inserted into the text contained within a
&lt;NOBR&gt; block, which can produce some awkwardly long lines.
<WBR>
If the text contains a &lt;WBR&gt; tag, however, it marks a location
where the insertion of a line break is permitted.
</NOBR>

_IMG SRC="tags3a19.gif" HEIGHT=100 WIDTH=589>

See also

BR, NOBR

XMP (sequence of literal characters)

The XMP tag defines a sequence of literal characters,
such as example text. The text is displayed in the fixed-width font, as
determined in Options|General Preferences. Netscape Navigator ignores all
HTML tags within the scope of the XMP tag.

Syntax

<XMP>...</XMP>

Example

<XMP>
The <XMP> tag is similar to the <PRE> tag except that HTML tags inside
an <XMP> block are displayed rather than interpreted.
</XMP>