Public safety officials say it's a reasonable and responsible response to an expectation that IP telephony services enable customers to call 911 in an emergency or life-threatening situation.

As internetnews.com has reported, because of the nomadic nature of VoIP, Internet telephone services frequently route 911 calls to public safety administrative offices instead of directly sending the calls to Public Service Answering Points. Other VoIP providers offer no 911 services at all.

But some VoIP advocates worry the order could slow adoption, limit choices and stifle innovation.

It's too soon to say what the outcome will be, but with the clock about to
start (the deadline is 120 days from the order's printing in the Federal
Register), companies are working to comply and reconcile the extra costs
with their business plans.

For the handful of well-heeled VoIP companies, the choice is simple, if
unpleasant: pay the Baby Bells for access to routers and databases in order to deliver e911 abilities.

Vonage,
which recently added $200 million to its mountain of venture capital, has
already signed a
deal with Verizon , but it wasn't cheap.

The largest U.S. VoIP provider will pay millions of dollars for
infrastructure upgrades and Verizon tie-ins. It made similar arrangements
with SBC and BellSouth and is hopeful it
can do the same with Qwest . Other large providers, including
cable or telecom giants, can afford to make their own e911 upgrades.

"The start-up costs are the killer here, so many smaller companies will not
be able to afford the basic infrastructure capital expenditure or they'll
have to rework their service," Brooke Schulz, a Vonage spokeswoman, said.

VoIP providers with fewer resources are going another route. 8X8, Net2Phone,
New Global Telecom and Speakeasy all use e911 from network services
wholesaler Level 3 , which recently expanded its e911 reach.

SunRocket uses a similar service from Global Crossing. It also stopped
selling out-of-region phone numbers. Once touted as a way to give a customer
the appearance of having presence in another city, the numbers can confuse
e911 systems.

Brian Lustig, a SunRocket spokesman, said the move affected only a small
number of customers and the obligation to offer reliable e911 took
precedence. SunRocket expects to be fully e911 compliant within 10 days, well
ahead of the deadline.

Despite the options employed by these providers, some industry-watchers
worry that VoIP startups will be priced out.

"We're noticing a lot more panic in the lower end," said Joshua Stephens,
CEO of Switchvox, a maker of VoIP-compatible phone systems for small
businesses. "Unless someone comes out with a really clever way to solve this
for the little guy, those guys will evaporate."

Stephens said he could envision small VoIP providers banding together in a
consortium to negotiate better rates from e911 wholesalers. There could
also be some consolidation among small regional players.