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Ohio Jewish chronicle. (Columbus, Ohio), 1922-08-04

Ohio Jewish Chronicle. (Columbus, Ohio), 1922-08-04, page 01

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Central Ohio's Onlif
Jetoish Neiispaper Reaching Every Home
Devoted to American
and
Jewish Ideals
A WEEKLY newspaper; FOR THE JEWISH HOME
Vohinie 11 —Nuinhcr ii
c'oiAJMi'.LJS, oifU), ,\i:(;rs'r [, mj.;j
Per Year $3.00; Per Copy loc.
EPIDEMICS PLAYING HAVOC IN UKRAINE JEWISH DISTRICTS
Mortality Appalling Says Dr. W.
J. Haigh in Report to
Ukrainian Federation
MANY ORPHANS REPORTED AMONG THE STARVING
.'y:^v}sj?'r.:'**
I.ON'DON, (J. T. A.)—The .steady increase in the reported number of cases of typhus an<l relapsing fever in thc Ukraine famine area is described by Dr. W. J. Haigli, member of thc Kpidemic Commission of the League of ' Nations, in a report to tbc I'edcration of Ukrainian Jews in London. In the Ukraine famine area, where over five :ind a half million are suffering the ex¬ tremes of famine and dying at fhe rate of ten thousand per day, and where food has only been provided (By May 1) for 300,000 daily rations, epidemics continue to play havoc. Dr. Haigh de¬ clares.
Famine Growing Worse ^ In the spring of this yfar, there were 32,115 cases of typhus, 38,398 of re¬ lapsing fever, 12,09!) of' typhoid and 2,499 of dysentery in thc provinces of Odessa, Micholajev, Ekaterinoslav and Zapcrozhe, where Jews art mostly con¬ centrated. This report is born out by a" Geneva cable of July 16, to the New York Tim'cs. The despatch follows: The famine in Ukraine is daily growing worse,'according to Pean dc Lubcrsac, the French economist, r^presc'nting the International Relief Committee, who has just returned from Russia.
Thousands of persons daily are, dy¬ ing abput the railway 'station's 'in such centres'as jKiev," Kharkov and Odessa, hc say^s.i I Ref h^e'es'wander from vil¬ lages' 'to \ ^hese centres, and arriving there, jfitidfng themselves without food, die around; the siatioiis. Their bodies are taken "oflf an'd dumped into fields, which are made into cemeteries.
Cannibalism Prevalent
M. de LubeVsactrQpqrts that many or¬ phans, lost or aSjfjhlloncd chililren are '" amorig^; 0'ej starving!'" The ;ip"t>d situa¬ tion is^worse in Kliarkov,j,^jhc; capital of V, fAi^flrtr^jiara^Oj-Nwltere- tha^qspifel»'''hayc- ¦^ff.'.'P beeri"'c{osed''owing,,to tlie lack of..food and medicine. He says he witnessed many cases of horror, some of canni¬ balism, in the region between Poltava and Kharkov. This region, once so rich, is now uncultivated, and' the peasants have been reduced even to eat¬ ing the thatched roofs of their houses. In certain villages, the mortality rep¬ resents 85 per cent of the pre-war popu¬ lation. In Odessa, according to M. de Lubcrsac, bodies lie in the strdets several days before they are interred, owing to the crippled sanitary service.
RUSSIAN JEWS WILL
RESIST "CHEDER"
CLOSING ORDER
BERLIN (J. T. A)—A Soviet order calling for the closing of thc chcdorim, the talmudical schools nnd cicmentiiry He¬ brew schools appears in the "Wckcr" of Minsk. Tho pro¬ posed arrest of those that dis¬ regard the order is announced, the municipal bureau of educa¬ tion and ' tho police being charged with ,the carrying out of this provision.
The brtliodok elements ore organizing to resist the closing of their schools,' a number of -'rabbis in'the province of Minsk having apf;nly declared' that thoy ,w,ill defy these instruc¬ tions. ' Rabbi Borischansky of Homel, is quoted as saying, "I shall never permit Jewish So¬ viet' schools in this town."
Thc rabbis' defiance has al¬ ready catased the arrest of' a few of them. In Konotop, prov¬ ince of Tchernigov, Jewish chil¬ dren were kept in the schools, the "Weker" says, eighteien hours a day. They were taught, it is alle£;ed, that -aside from the study bf the Torah, a Jew has no other interests. Jewish sections, accordingly warned the leaders of the Yeshivas, and later gave notice that those who would continue to support these institutions would have - to face trial.
WAR HAS HELPED THE HOLY LAND, SAYS A REPORT
Inhabitants More Prosperous ana Country Itself Reflects Im¬ provement
WAGES FOR LABOR HAVE j GREATLY INCREASEl}
SPLENDID WORK i OF AMERICANS IS \ VIVIDLY DESCRIBED
Wonderful Achievements In . Odessa are Ascribed to the A. R. A. and thc J. D. C.
Polish Government Protects the Refugee Relief Efforts of J. D.C.
Protection to Joint Distribution Committee's Workers Is Ex¬ tended Everywhere
MOVES TO PACIFY
TRANS-JORDANIA ARABS
¦ JERUSALEM' (J. T. A.)—Fearful lest the anti-British disturbances in ^lesopotamia may spread to Trans-Jor- dania. Sir Herbert Samuel, the High Commissioner for Palestine, has left for Kerak to visit tbe Emir Abdullah, who is ruling over that territory, with the help of the British. The High Com¬ missioner is accompanied by'Sir Wynd¬ ham Deedes, Civil Secretary. It is held to be likely tbat the Trans-Jordania ruler will ask the Palestine High Com¬ missioner to reinforce the British gar¬ rison on the eastern side of the Jordan.
REFUGEE DEPOT OPENED IN THE CITY OF SARNI
PALESTINE ARABS
DIFFER ON MANDATE
J'ERUSALEM (J. T. A.)—Announce¬ ment has been mare that the Zionist Executive in Palestine is in receipt of a message from the Moslem Association of Haifa, congratulating the Zionists on the ratification of the Paltstine Man¬ date, whicli the message declares opens a new era for the happiness of all sec¬ tions of the population. The Moslem Association of Haifa was organized following the disagreement with the Christian section of the Moslem-Chris¬ tian Society of that place.
Intransigeant Arab agitators are visit¬ ing villages in an effort to influence the fellahim to sign petitions against the British Mandate,
That the Palestine Arabs arc far from unanimous in their opinions in the de¬ sired polftical Status is" best shown by the anxiety of some of the villagers to sell land to Jews, often at prohibitive prices, but always in direct disregard of the ex¬ hortations of Arab leaders not to trans¬ fer land fo Jews.
The Arab members of the Advisc-y Council established by the High Com¬ missioner, refused at the monthly meet¬ ing on Friday to vote in favor pf the loan to be launched by the Palestme Government, some of the Arab members alleging that as the Council is not to pontrol the expenditure of the loan, thcy saw no rea?pn for sanctioning it.
(Special to Ohjo Jewish Cijronicle)
ment is takinpf effective meajiures to j protect thc relief efforts on behalf of Jewish refugees by the Joint Distribu¬ tion Committee, according to a report just received by tbat body. • These measures are being taken as the result of a visit by Dr. Bernard Kahn, director of refugee, relief-of the Joint' Distribution- Committee, and Mr. Schweitzer, a member of thc Joint Dis¬ tribution Committee's European Council to Vladislov Grapski, head of the Po¬ lish government's department dealing, with repatriates. M. Graspi assured the Joint Distribution Committee's repre¬ sentatives that protection would be ex¬ tended to its refugee work in every part of the country. "In Iceeping with this pledge, orders have been issued to offi¬ cials everywhere to adopt a friendly at¬ titude and t6 set up no obstacles against , the work of the Joint Distribution Com- mittee,
Bu.dget Increased
The large' number of re-immigrants arriving in the districts of Warsaw and Brisk has compelled 'the Joint Dis¬ tribution Committee's refugee . depart¬ ment to increase its budget. Tn Rovno thc increase amounts to two million marks; Brisk, , one million; Lemberg, one million; Warsaw, five hundred thousand marks.
The number • of re-immigrants, the report says, has been constantly in¬ creasing since the beginning of warm weather. But at the same time it is becoming apparent that the number of homeless refugees is diminishing. But until thc pledge of protection was given by M. Grapski, the refugee department operated under great difficulty, amount¬ ing eyen to persecution.
Refugees Sent Back
In Rovno, for' instance, the Starosta issued an order to send back all the refugees to the places wbere they se¬ cured their passports. In Lemberg the municipal government organized raids and arrested a large number of refu¬ gees.
A refugee depot has been opened at Sarni by the Joint Distribution Com¬ mittee, which appropriated 1,000,000 marks for a food station at that point.
r
(Special lo Omo Ji.wish CiiKONrci.Ejl JliRUSALlllM.—No one who knew the Holy Land in thc days of thc Turk¬ ish regime can fail to note tbe great changes that have taken place through out tbc country since the close of the war.
Thc Turki.sli army stripped Palestine of its animals to such a degree, that when thc American Red Cross arrived in June, 1918, there were many villages, without a single plowing animal,' and neither sheep nor goats were seen ox\ the hillsides. Today it is not uncommon- for an automobile to come to a stand¬ still on tbc principal streets of Jeru¬ salem to Mow a flock of hundreds of sheep and goats to pass by, and out in the coufttry the gray hillsides are cov¬ ered with thousands of these animals. Italy gets a large amount of her glove material from the kids of Palestine,
Whereas 'much still remains to be done, a great improvement already has been made in the character of the woyk animals. The army left behind it, tens of .thousands' of horses, mules and don¬ keys, but even, better than this,- the natives seem to have learned valuable lessons in the care and feeding of stock, so the horses of thc public carriages in Jerusalem are far sleeker and finer than ever they were before thc war.
Produce Prices Higher ,
Farm produce of all kinds brings ^a much better price than formerly, hence the villagers are prosperous and indulge in luxuries undreamed of in -pre-war days. The markets of Jerusalem never before were supplied with such a wealth and variety of delectable articles, and venders of lemonade and ice crea^tt do a thriving business. In the dry gooM', (Continued on page 7) '**
GREAT IMPROVEMENT
AMONG THE CHILDREN
(S|K'oi,-il to r)liio Jewish Chionicle.) NTL'IW ^'OKK.—The miraculous re- Miilb ucliic\e(l in Odessa by American rdicf Workers and mctliods, who in the short interval of one month trans- fornied it from a city of death to a city of renewed life and hope are vividly portrayed by Frank J. Price of tlic American Relief Administration, wliich hc has sent from Russia to the publicity department of the American Jeivish Relief Committee.
Thirty-six.days ago (early in May) I stepped from a train in thc city of (Odessa with a group of American Re¬ lief Administration and Joint Distribu¬ tion Committee workers who had come here for the purpose of feeding the hungry children of Odessa.
The picture that greeted us will never hc forgotten. Once one of Russia's most beautiful cities, world famous for thc perfection of its streets and public hnildings and known as the River of Kastern Europe', Odessa was cloaked in gioom as though some evil gcni had cnrcsscd her people with a withering claw.
No Exaggerations Made The horror of it all has not been c.Naggeratcd. The unligbted streets lit¬ erally were cluttered with dead, and starvation was striking down its vic¬ tims fa.s'ter than the authorities could remove tbeir bodies. Thc cemeteries wore shambles—their soul living accu- paiits the ghoul dogs of which so much ,has been written heretofore.
I have seen the removal of bodies from a ehildrcn'.s hospital where thc deaths for twenty-four hours had heen Jhirty-eight. There was no effort at careful handling, for other institutions Xt^jntinued on page 7)
JEWISH SAFETY MENACED BY PILSUDSKY'S
RESIGNATION
WARSAW (J. C. B.)—The an¬ nouncement Inst week of the resignation of President Pil- sudaky following the failure to agree with Premier Korfanty about the composition of thc new cabinet, is seriously men¬ acing the safety of the Jews in Poland, tho , Jewish , press agrees.
It Is recalled in this connec¬ tion that President Pilsudsky has repeatedly shown a desire to deal fairly with the Jewish representatives, having on one occasion dropped Sosnovsky's name from the list of a pro¬ posed cabinet, when the Jew¬ ish Sejm deputies objected to his inclusion. M. Korfanty's new cabinet includes, besides Sosnovsky, to whom the Jew¬ ish' deputies objected, M. Skir- munt, who, as Foreign Minis¬ ter, represented Poland at Genoa.
Having regard to the Jewish friendship for Pilsudsky and their opposition to Korfanty, it is not surprising that Kor- fanty'g friends assert the Jews, are responsible for the crisis leading up to the resignation of the Chief of State.
COMMISSION DRAFTS NEW CONSTITUTION FOR RUMANIAN JEWS
The .Feivish Religion Is Placed on
Equality with All Other
Religions
PROMINENT JEWS ON
THE COMMISSION
Advocates Removal Of Secrecy In the L 0. B. Be Order
Nothing in Ritual that Requires
to be Unknown to the World
at Large
IS ¦*¦'**.*'¦»»**<»«
The Influence of Jewish Women
By Dr. H. G. Enelow, Rabbi Temple Emanu-El, New York
PROMINENT BEN B'RITH
FAVORS NEW POLICY
In many circles'the opinion prevails that among the Jews woman has held a second-rate place, and that Judaism has taught or encouraged her tq be treated as an inferior being. ¦ One often hears people refer, by way of proof, to the benediction in the old liturgy, in which man thanks God for not having made him a woman, and the parallel blessing of woman thanking thc Lord (as if in a spirit of resignation) for having made her acco.rding to His will. These benedictions are considered convincing proof of the low plane of woman in the judgment of Judaism.'
Different Story
The fact is, however, that they tell an entirely different stpry. Woman.was exempted from many obliga'iions of the ritual law. As the old-time Israelite was eager 'to fulfill ritual laws, regard¬ ing it as a particular merit, he thanked God' for not being denied tbe opportu¬ nity. This had nothing to do, however, with the position or thc importance of woman. That it was very high is .shown by the contents of the Bible, the utter¬ ances of the rabbis, and by tbe con¬ spicuous part which woman began to play in the history of the Jew from the very earliest times and which she never ceased to play.
Even in the casual study of the Bible several facts arrest our attention. First, we find woman as an inllucncc every¬ where, in both private and public life— as Miriam, Deborah, Esther; as Sarah and Ruth, Hannah and Huldah. Then, the naturalness and independence with which women appear on the scene; they are not mere shadows of the men, but personalities with souls and wills of their own. And, thirdly, thc large va¬ riety of types represented by fhe women of the Bibile. Nor can one overlook thc unsurpassed tribute to woman in the closing chapter of Proverbs.
PLANS FOR HAIFA
AND JAFFA HARBORS
JERUSALEM (J. T. A.)—In an¬ ticipation of the loan which the Pales¬ tine Government is about to float for public utilities, the Administration has invited the engineer Palmer to draft and submit plans for the erection of harbors at Haifa and Jaffa.
The preliminary work at the Haifa port, whiph is a natural harbor, was begun several months ago with the con- I struction of a jetty.
women's societies, with 'their poly- chromous programs, time is not found for a genuine study of the story of the Jewess!
But the more wc study the past, the more we realize how much the Jewish woman might do at present, and how much she ought to do.
It is true we live -in a period of transition. It is also true, that the state of -woman, in recent years, has under¬ gone many changes. Nevertheless, there are certain qualities inherent to woman and insep.-irable from hcr nature—cer¬ tain things she can do better than any¬ body else—and there are certain needs which persist no matter how Inany. changes have occurred. Just because this is a period of transition, woman, artd especially the Jewess, has a great opportunity.
Importance of Home
There are those who think the home is doomed, and who prophecy for the future - a civilization without homes. But this remains lo lie seen. Hitherto, thc home has been both the foundation and the chief felicity of thc world, What civilization we have had thus far, has been bound up with the home.
As for the Jew, everybody knows what thc home has meant in his life. It has blessed ,him. It has cheered him. It has preserved him. It has been his spiritual fortress. Indeed, Professor Wilke, the German scholar, ifi his work on the Woman in the Old Testament, assert? that the Jewish religion created the family.
The home still is the chief hope of the Jew—the mainspring of his spiritual life and beauty, .\\\ el.se is secondary. We may count on the religious school, speak of the synagogue as the spiritual center. But as constant spiritual forces, can they compare to the home? At best, they are only adjuncts to the home. And ui the spiritual life of the home, woman can, and does, play the chief
In Subsequent Ages
Itj subsequent ages, the Jewish woman ^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^
conmued to play an equaly important J ^,^^ .^^^^^ atmosphere
part m the life and thought of the Jew¬ ish people. "The man who has no
The Independent Order of B'nai B'rith was a secret organization for over three-cluarters of a century, which means that not only the initiation cere¬ monies into, the, Order, kwere.-a secret. ¦pFocWUre • •m(t''-*afso'''tfi9r'liHa!f^if^^ from 'the opening of the Lodge to its closing were .secret, and that whatever transpired within the closed doors was not to' be divulged to the uninitiated. There was an oath-bound inhibition to .speak of anything that is seen or heard whilp the Lodge was in session.
Resolutions Offered
At every quinquennial convention of the Constitutional Grand I odge for al¬ most fifty ,years, resolutions Were of¬ fered to remove secrecy. ' '
The writer was one of the members who for more than forty years persist- tntly and consistently argued and voted at every convention to abandon secrecy, and mainly for the reason because there was nothing contained in the Ritual that required or deserved to be unknown .to- the 'world at large, but rather the very opposite, and also because there tran¬ spired nothing at the Lodge meetings that .should be shrouded.in secrecy and that would arouse suspicion among the unaffilL-ited.
Ethical Lessolns j
The exemplification of the ritual was ever as it is today, ethical lesSons. Everything that took place at a meet¬ ing was and is for thc betterment, morally, int'ellcctUc-illy and financially of our fellowmen; not restricted to our membership, but 'embracing Jew and Gentile, and excluding neither sect, race nor nationality. No side degree or ex¬ traneous verbiage or non-essential sym- boli.sm was ever made a part of the. initiatory wprk, and the initiated, though impressed with the inspiring and im- prcs.sive lecture, is led to ask, "Why must this be kept secret? Why a mys¬ tery?" What is really mysterious is that ¦ there should have been secrecy about anything that occurred in .making a person a member of the brotherhood:
Difference of Opinion ,
There exists at present a differ¬ ence of ppinion as to admitting can¬ didates to membership in open session. It is maintained that the removal of secrecy was accomplished at the eleventh General Convention of the Order held in Cleveland, Ohio, in May, 1920, and (Continued on page 7)
BUCHAREST (J. C. B., by Mail.)~ Thc Comini.sion appointed by Mr. Banu, Rumanian Minister for Religious Af¬ fairs, to prepare a bill for submission to the Rumanian Parliament on the subject of thc organization of the Jewish communities in Rumania, has now completed its draft. The meet¬ ings of the Commission were held un¬ der the chairmanship of the General Secretary for religious affairs. "
Article I'of the Bill provides that tile religious and cultural aims of thc Jewish populations .shall hc looked after by the Jewish communal organizations. .Article 2 states that there shall be only one Jewish communal organization in each locality, of which thc Jewish citizens in that locality may become members. Exceptions are made only in the cases of the Sephardic Jews and . the orthodox Jews in Siebcnbuergen, who ate prcmittcd to have their own organizations.
On ,An Equal Footing
Article 3 places the Jewish religion tni an equal footing with all other religions which are under the protection of tho State, especially in respect to representa¬ tion on public bodies. It also provides for the establishment of a central coun¬ cil of Jewish communities to be situated in Bucharest'. Article fi fixes 'the method of election to the Jewish communal or- ganiz.-itions. The elections will be secret, equal and direct, and the franchise is given to those who have passed their twcniy-'first birthdai',
Msmbers of Commission
The members of tlie Commission in¬ clude Rabbis Ulmaii, Fischer and Glas- ncr and Dr. Eisner, all of Siebcnbuergen, Rabbis., Zircnsohn, Reicher and Landau pf Bessarabia, Deputy Dr. Straucher, Dr. Wasscrman and Senator Dr. vdn Wgisselberger ojc ^ukowina, Qeputy 'Dr. i3Vttelpir^St(!Ttt,-42tierpiJ'ty''S^n"i^^^ Deputy Bercovici, Chief- Rabbi Dr. Nemirower and Messrs. J. Magdor, N. Schaig and J. Finkelstein of Old Ru¬ mania. ' ,
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wife," said Rabbi Hanilayi, of the tal¬ mudic teachers, "is deprived of joy, of blessing, and of goodness." Other ral)
of fhe home, create its spiritual ideals,
In Darkest Days
Even in the darkest days of talmudic times, when the evil condition of sur
bis maintained that he is deprived, also, rounding society caused some rabbis to
of protection and of the opportunity of oppose the higher education of women,
unhampered study; "woman is like a they were unanimous concerning the
wall around a man," and Rabbi bar Ula vital parts of feminine training. Three
added that such a nian is deprived of groups of duties, the rabbis taught,
peace. What
a pity that in pur various
every woman must study) hallah niddah, (Continued on page 7.)
ARABS GRATFFUL TO
ENGLISH PUBLIC
LONDON (J. C. B.)—The general British public has shown sympathy and interest in the Arab cause, according to the concluding sentence of a message ad¬ dressed by the Arab Delegation which is returning to Palestine tomorrow. "We annreciate the friendshin whi'"h, we are confident, will be continued until our rights are finally vindicated," the mes¬ sage reads.
PROMINENT JEW OF
INDIANAPOLIS DIES
INDIANAPOLIS. —The entire Jew¬ ish community of thi? city is mourning the death of Henry Abrams, well-known lawyer and member of the state legisla¬ ture, which occurred on Friday, July 28, at the Robert W. Long Hospital after an illness of ievcn months. Mr. Abrams, although but thirty years of age, had acheived a high reputation as a public- spirited'citizen and a loyal son of Is¬ rael. He numbered among his friends some oT the leading public men of In¬ diana, who loved him because of his goodness of heart, his unblemished in¬ tegrity, and his whole-souled Ameri¬ canism.
Thc funer.ll which took place on Sun¬ day was attended not only by a large portion of thc Jewish community but also by members of the state legislature, prominent judges, and leading members of the bar of this city.
Mr. Abrams was born February 22, 1802, in Pittsburgh, Pa. Hc came to Indianapolis about nine years ago, and was graduated from the Indiana Law . School. During the war he was chair¬ man of the board of instruction of the selective service board, and also a mem¬ ber of the legal advisory board.
Supporter of Child Lal^or Bill
His first election to the legislature was in 1918, and he was again elected in 1920. He was an ardent supporter of the child labor bill at the last ses¬ sion of the legislature. One bill, which he introduced and for which he obtained enactment, compels children to care for their dependent parents, lie was active in support of legislation affecting the city of Indianapolis. He introduced a bill under which the Indianapolis school city was authorized to take over and finance school lunches. ' Mr. Abrams is survived by his mother, who lived with him tit 731 Union Street; two brothers, Michael Abrams, of this city, and Leon Abrams, of Pittsburgh, and a sister, Mrs. Rose Kamlot, of Pitts¬ burgh.
President of B'nai B'rith
Mr. Abrams was president of the local , organization of the Independent Order B'nai B'rith. He was a member of Monument Lodge, F. and A. M., the Marion Club, a member of the In¬ dianapolis lodge of Elks, the India¬ napolis Club, and the Indianapolis Aid 'Association. He was also a member ,of the United Hebrew congregation, and of the Jndiapajjolis, Indiana, and Amer¬ ican Bar Associations.
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^0
'¦¦i
..- 't
'i
*^i
•'"?
¦ >: ¦¦
¦ '¦ --/ •"1
¦:;-i
-rt"
-¦''V'v
i^
'^«*««»«tei®Kassi«i«i«^
®hf O^hta 3^#t0lj OIJ|rnmri^
'viT », *
i|??^&3^>i^^>>¦$:«?»% ^.''
Central Ohio's Onlif
Jetoish Neiispaper Reaching Every Home
Devoted to American
and
Jewish Ideals
A WEEKLY newspaper; FOR THE JEWISH HOME
Vohinie 11 —Nuinhcr ii
c'oiAJMi'.LJS, oifU), ,\i:(;rs'r [, mj.;j
Per Year $3.00; Per Copy loc.
EPIDEMICS PLAYING HAVOC IN UKRAINE JEWISH DISTRICTS
Mortality Appalling Says Dr. W.
J. Haigh in Report to
Ukrainian Federation
MANY ORPHANS REPORTED AMONG THE STARVING
.'y:^v}sj?'r.:'**
I.ON'DON, (J. T. A.)—The .steady increase in the reported number of cases of typhus and situa¬ tion is^worse in Kliarkov,j,^jhc; capital of V, fAi^flrtr^jiara^Oj-Nwltere- tha^qspifel»'''hayc- ¦^ff.'.'P beeri"'c{osed''owing,,to tlie lack of..food and medicine. He says he witnessed many cases of horror, some of canni¬ balism, in the region between Poltava and Kharkov. This region, once so rich, is now uncultivated, and' the peasants have been reduced even to eat¬ ing the thatched roofs of their houses. In certain villages, the mortality rep¬ resents 85 per cent of the pre-war popu¬ lation. In Odessa, according to M. de Lubcrsac, bodies lie in the strdets several days before they are interred, owing to the crippled sanitary service.
RUSSIAN JEWS WILL
RESIST "CHEDER"
CLOSING ORDER
BERLIN (J. T. A)—A Soviet order calling for the closing of thc chcdorim, the talmudical schools nnd cicmentiiry He¬ brew schools appears in the "Wckcr" of Minsk. Tho pro¬ posed arrest of those that dis¬ regard the order is announced, the municipal bureau of educa¬ tion and ' tho police being charged with ,the carrying out of this provision.
The brtliodok elements ore organizing to resist the closing of their schools,' a number of -'rabbis in'the province of Minsk having apf;nly declared' that thoy ,w,ill defy these instruc¬ tions. ' Rabbi Borischansky of Homel, is quoted as saying, "I shall never permit Jewish So¬ viet' schools in this town."
Thc rabbis' defiance has al¬ ready catased the arrest of' a few of them. In Konotop, prov¬ ince of Tchernigov, Jewish chil¬ dren were kept in the schools, the "Weker" says, eighteien hours a day. They were taught, it is alle£;ed, that -aside from the study bf the Torah, a Jew has no other interests. Jewish sections, accordingly warned the leaders of the Yeshivas, and later gave notice that those who would continue to support these institutions would have - to face trial.
WAR HAS HELPED THE HOLY LAND, SAYS A REPORT
Inhabitants More Prosperous ana Country Itself Reflects Im¬ provement
WAGES FOR LABOR HAVE j GREATLY INCREASEl}
SPLENDID WORK i OF AMERICANS IS \ VIVIDLY DESCRIBED
Wonderful Achievements In . Odessa are Ascribed to the A. R. A. and thc J. D. C.
Polish Government Protects the Refugee Relief Efforts of J. D.C.
Protection to Joint Distribution Committee's Workers Is Ex¬ tended Everywhere
MOVES TO PACIFY
TRANS-JORDANIA ARABS
¦ JERUSALEM' (J. T. A.)—Fearful lest the anti-British disturbances in ^lesopotamia may spread to Trans-Jor- dania. Sir Herbert Samuel, the High Commissioner for Palestine, has left for Kerak to visit tbe Emir Abdullah, who is ruling over that territory, with the help of the British. The High Com¬ missioner is accompanied by'Sir Wynd¬ ham Deedes, Civil Secretary. It is held to be likely tbat the Trans-Jordania ruler will ask the Palestine High Com¬ missioner to reinforce the British gar¬ rison on the eastern side of the Jordan.
REFUGEE DEPOT OPENED IN THE CITY OF SARNI
PALESTINE ARABS
DIFFER ON MANDATE
J'ERUSALEM (J. T. A.)—Announce¬ ment has been mare that the Zionist Executive in Palestine is in receipt of a message from the Moslem Association of Haifa, congratulating the Zionists on the ratification of the Paltstine Man¬ date, whicli the message declares opens a new era for the happiness of all sec¬ tions of the population. The Moslem Association of Haifa was organized following the disagreement with the Christian section of the Moslem-Chris¬ tian Society of that place.
Intransigeant Arab agitators are visit¬ ing villages in an effort to influence the fellahim to sign petitions against the British Mandate,
That the Palestine Arabs arc far from unanimous in their opinions in the de¬ sired polftical Status is" best shown by the anxiety of some of the villagers to sell land to Jews, often at prohibitive prices, but always in direct disregard of the ex¬ hortations of Arab leaders not to trans¬ fer land fo Jews.
The Arab members of the Advisc-y Council established by the High Com¬ missioner, refused at the monthly meet¬ ing on Friday to vote in favor pf the loan to be launched by the Palestme Government, some of the Arab members alleging that as the Council is not to pontrol the expenditure of the loan, thcy saw no rea?pn for sanctioning it.
(Special to Ohjo Jewish Cijronicle)
ment is takinpf effective meajiures to j protect thc relief efforts on behalf of Jewish refugees by the Joint Distribu¬ tion Committee, according to a report just received by tbat body. • These measures are being taken as the result of a visit by Dr. Bernard Kahn, director of refugee, relief-of the Joint' Distribution- Committee, and Mr. Schweitzer, a member of thc Joint Dis¬ tribution Committee's European Council to Vladislov Grapski, head of the Po¬ lish government's department dealing, with repatriates. M. Graspi assured the Joint Distribution Committee's repre¬ sentatives that protection would be ex¬ tended to its refugee work in every part of the country. "In Iceeping with this pledge, orders have been issued to offi¬ cials everywhere to adopt a friendly at¬ titude and t6 set up no obstacles against , the work of the Joint Distribution Com- mittee,
Bu.dget Increased
The large' number of re-immigrants arriving in the districts of Warsaw and Brisk has compelled 'the Joint Dis¬ tribution Committee's refugee . depart¬ ment to increase its budget. Tn Rovno thc increase amounts to two million marks; Brisk, , one million; Lemberg, one million; Warsaw, five hundred thousand marks.
The number • of re-immigrants, the report says, has been constantly in¬ creasing since the beginning of warm weather. But at the same time it is becoming apparent that the number of homeless refugees is diminishing. But until thc pledge of protection was given by M. Grapski, the refugee department operated under great difficulty, amount¬ ing eyen to persecution.
Refugees Sent Back
In Rovno, for' instance, the Starosta issued an order to send back all the refugees to the places wbere they se¬ cured their passports. In Lemberg the municipal government organized raids and arrested a large number of refu¬ gees.
A refugee depot has been opened at Sarni by the Joint Distribution Com¬ mittee, which appropriated 1,000,000 marks for a food station at that point.
r
(Special lo Omo Ji.wish CiiKONrci.Ejl JliRUSALlllM.—No one who knew the Holy Land in thc days of thc Turk¬ ish regime can fail to note tbe great changes that have taken place through out tbc country since the close of the war.
Thc Turki.sli army stripped Palestine of its animals to such a degree, that when thc American Red Cross arrived in June, 1918, there were many villages, without a single plowing animal,' and neither sheep nor goats were seen ox\ the hillsides. Today it is not uncommon- for an automobile to come to a stand¬ still on tbc principal streets of Jeru¬ salem to Mow a flock of hundreds of sheep and goats to pass by, and out in the coufttry the gray hillsides are cov¬ ered with thousands of these animals. Italy gets a large amount of her glove material from the kids of Palestine,
Whereas 'much still remains to be done, a great improvement already has been made in the character of the woyk animals. The army left behind it, tens of .thousands' of horses, mules and don¬ keys, but even, better than this,- the natives seem to have learned valuable lessons in the care and feeding of stock, so the horses of thc public carriages in Jerusalem are far sleeker and finer than ever they were before thc war.
Produce Prices Higher ,
Farm produce of all kinds brings ^a much better price than formerly, hence the villagers are prosperous and indulge in luxuries undreamed of in -pre-war days. The markets of Jerusalem never before were supplied with such a wealth and variety of delectable articles, and venders of lemonade and ice crea^tt do a thriving business. In the dry gooM', (Continued on page 7) '**
GREAT IMPROVEMENT
AMONG THE CHILDREN
(S|K'oi,-il to r)liio Jewish Chionicle.) NTL'IW ^'OKK.—The miraculous re- Miilb ucliic\e(l in Odessa by American rdicf Workers and mctliods, who in the short interval of one month trans- fornied it from a city of death to a city of renewed life and hope are vividly portrayed by Frank J. Price of tlic American Relief Administration, wliich hc has sent from Russia to the publicity department of the American Jeivish Relief Committee.
Thirty-six.days ago (early in May) I stepped from a train in thc city of (Odessa with a group of American Re¬ lief Administration and Joint Distribu¬ tion Committee workers who had come here for the purpose of feeding the hungry children of Odessa.
The picture that greeted us will never hc forgotten. Once one of Russia's most beautiful cities, world famous for thc perfection of its streets and public hnildings and known as the River of Kastern Europe', Odessa was cloaked in gioom as though some evil gcni had cnrcsscd her people with a withering claw.
No Exaggerations Made The horror of it all has not been c.Naggeratcd. The unligbted streets lit¬ erally were cluttered with dead, and starvation was striking down its vic¬ tims fa.s'ter than the authorities could remove tbeir bodies. Thc cemeteries wore shambles—their soul living accu- paiits the ghoul dogs of which so much ,has been written heretofore.
I have seen the removal of bodies from a ehildrcn'.s hospital where thc deaths for twenty-four hours had heen Jhirty-eight. There was no effort at careful handling, for other institutions Xt^jntinued on page 7)
JEWISH SAFETY MENACED BY PILSUDSKY'S
RESIGNATION
WARSAW (J. C. B.)—The an¬ nouncement Inst week of the resignation of President Pil- sudaky following the failure to agree with Premier Korfanty about the composition of thc new cabinet, is seriously men¬ acing the safety of the Jews in Poland, tho , Jewish , press agrees.
It Is recalled in this connec¬ tion that President Pilsudsky has repeatedly shown a desire to deal fairly with the Jewish representatives, having on one occasion dropped Sosnovsky's name from the list of a pro¬ posed cabinet, when the Jew¬ ish Sejm deputies objected to his inclusion. M. Korfanty's new cabinet includes, besides Sosnovsky, to whom the Jew¬ ish' deputies objected, M. Skir- munt, who, as Foreign Minis¬ ter, represented Poland at Genoa.
Having regard to the Jewish friendship for Pilsudsky and their opposition to Korfanty, it is not surprising that Kor- fanty'g friends assert the Jews, are responsible for the crisis leading up to the resignation of the Chief of State.
COMMISSION DRAFTS NEW CONSTITUTION FOR RUMANIAN JEWS
The .Feivish Religion Is Placed on
Equality with All Other
Religions
PROMINENT JEWS ON
THE COMMISSION
Advocates Removal Of Secrecy In the L 0. B. Be Order
Nothing in Ritual that Requires
to be Unknown to the World
at Large
IS ¦*¦'**.*'¦»»**»--'*'.'-'i!j,';*Jl!?5»»'X