The GNAT (pronounced like the bug) is a flexible technique designed to
measure implicit social cognition. Conceptually similar to other implicit measures
like the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, JPSP, 1998),
the GNAT assesses automatic associations between concept (e.g., gender) and attribute
(e.g., evaluation) categories. The GNAT has two features that distinguish it from
other measures of implicit social cognition. First, the GNAT is designed to be use
signal detection statistics in its calculation of automatic associations (d-prime), but
can also be adapted to utilize response latency as its operational dependent
variable. Second, the GNAT is flexible in the establishing of contextual
characteristics for the evaluative situation. For example, the IAT requires an
attitude toward one category (insects) be assessed relative to a second category
(flowers). With the GNAT, experimenters can vary whether insects are evaluated in the context of a single
category (flowers), a superordinate category (animals), a generic category (objects), or
with no context at all.

Sample analysis programs and data for demonstration GNATs
Sample analysis program: SPSS datafile, Sample data.
[Thanks to Gerd Bohner and Frank Siebler found an error in the original analysis file for calculating bias scores. See this file for a demonstration of the problem and the fix. The new SPSS file above corrects the problem.]

Gawronski, B; Bodenhausen, GV. (2005). Accessibility effects on implicit social cognition: The role of knowledge activation and retrieval experiences. JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 89, 672-685.

Hausmann, LRA; Ryan, CS. (2004). Effects of external and internal motivation to control prejudice on implicit prejudice: The mediating role of efforts to control prejudiced responses. BASIC AND APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 26, 215-225.

Theory is constrained by the quality and versatility
of measurement tools. As such, the development of techniques for measurement
is critical to the successful development of theory. This paper presents
a technique  the Go/No-go Association Task (GNAT)  that joins
a family of existing techniques for measuring implicit social cognition
generally, with a focus on attitude (evaluation). To expand the measurement
potential supplied by its closest cousin, the Implicit Association Test
(IAT), the GNAT can be used to examine automatic social cognition toward
a single target category. That is, the GNAT obtains a measure of implicit
social cognition without requiring the direct involvement of complementary
or contrasting objects. Also, by implementing a response deadline in the
procedure, the GNAT trades off response latency for sensitivity as the
dependent variable measure. This paper provides a description of the technique
through a series of experiments (1-5) that reveal its primary features
using simple attitude objects. In Experiment 6, the GNAT is used to investigate
attitudes toward race (Black and White) and gender (Male and Female).
To explore the theoretical leverage offered by this tool, Experiment 6
puts to test a recurring question concerning automatic in-group favoritism
versus out-group derogation. Results demonstrate the dual presence of
both out-group derogation (e.g., negativity toward Black Americans) and
in-group favoritism (positivity toward White Americans), a finding that
emerges because the GNAT offers the potential for independent measures
of attitude toward the two groups. Through these experiments, the GNAT
is shown to be an effective tool for assessing automatic preferences as
well as resolving persistent questions that require independent measures
of individual attitude objects while maintaining the advantages of response
competition tasks.