Cloud computing has become the buzz word in the last few years. All the service industries from different fields are using cloud computing based data analytics to optimize their operations in order to improve the customer user experiences and the overall efficiency. It is mainly due to the use of high volume computing backed by significant development in advanced hardware capabilities. This paper describes the ‘what’, ‘why’ and ‘how’ based questions on cloud computing. To start with, a brief introduction of cloud computing has been discussed along with the history of computation usage in oil industry. Followed by that a brief introduction highlighting the significance of Artificial intelligence and machine learning in the current computing environment has been explained. As the industry moves towards more and more usage of digital oilfield techniques, the dominance of high end computing and data analytics in the oil and gas industry is also showcased. Once cloud computing is established as a standard, the paper further discusses different modes of cloud delivery service models- Infrastructure as a service (IaaS), Platform as a service (PaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS). The paper also identifies the challenges and concerns/issues that comes as a part of cloud computing methodology and then describes how these all challenges are being addresses. This paper elucidates the comprehensive view of the cloud computing landscape in oil and gas arena through a review of available noteworthy open source literature