Exodus 7:8-12:32

Exodus 7:8-12:32New American Standard Bible (NASB)

Aaron’s Rod Becomes a Serpent

8 Now the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying,9 “When Pharaoh speaks to you, saying, ‘[a]Work a miracle,’ then you shall say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh, that it may become a serpent.’”10 So Moses and Aaron came to Pharaoh, and thus they did just as the Lord had commanded; and Aaron threw his staff down before Pharaoh and [b]his servants, and it became a serpent.11 Then Pharaoh also called for the wise men and the sorcerers, and they also, the [c]magicians of Egypt, did [d]the same with their secret arts.12 For each one threw down his staff and they turned into serpents. But Aaron’s staff swallowed up their staffs.13 Yet Pharaoh’s heart was [e]hardened, and he did not listen to them, as the Lord had said.

Water Is Turned to Blood

14 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is [f]stubborn; he refuses to let the people go.15 Go to Pharaoh in the morning [g]as he is going out to the water, and station yourself to meet him on the bank of the Nile; and you shall take in your hand the staff that was turned into a serpent.16 You shall say to him, ‘The Lord, the God of the Hebrews, sent me to you, saying, “Let My people go, that they may serve Me in the wilderness. But behold, you have not listened until now.”17 Thus says the Lord, “By this you shall know that I am the Lord: behold, I will strike [h]the water that is in the Nile with the staff that is in my hand, and it will be turned to blood.18 The fish that are in the Nile will die, and the Nile will [i]become foul, and the Egyptians will [j]find difficulty in drinking water from the Nile.”’”19 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt, over their rivers, over their [k]streams, and over their pools, and over all their reservoirs of water, that they may become blood; and there will be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, both in vessels of wood and in vessels of stone.’”

20 So Moses and Aaron did even as the Lord had commanded. And he lifted up [l]the staff and struck the water that was in the Nile, in the sight of Pharaoh and in the sight of his servants, and all the water that was in the Nile was turned to blood.21 The fish that were in the Nile died, and the Nile [m]became foul, so that the Egyptians could not drink water from the Nile. And the blood was through all the land of Egypt.22 But the [n]magicians of Egypt did [o]the same with their secret arts; and Pharaoh’s heart was [p]hardened, and he did not listen to them, as the Lord had said.23 Then Pharaoh turned and went into his house [q]with no concern even for this.24 So all the Egyptians dug around the Nile for water to drink, for they could not drink of the water of the Nile.25 Seven days [r]passed after the Lord had struck the Nile.

Frogs over the Land

8 [s]Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says the Lord, “Let My people go, that they may serve Me.2 But if you refuse to let them go, behold, I will smite your whole territory with frogs.3 The Nile will swarm with frogs, which will come up and go into your house and into your bedroom and on your bed, and into the houses of your servants and on your people, and into your ovens and into your kneading bowls.4 So the frogs will come up on you and your people and all your servants.”’”5 [t]Then the Lord said to Moses, “Say to Aaron, ‘Stretch out your hand with your staff over the rivers, over the [u]streams and over the pools, and make frogs come up on the land of Egypt.’”6 So Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt, and the [v]frogs came up and covered the land of Egypt.7 The [w]magicians did [x]the same with their secret arts, [y]making frogs come up on the land of Egypt.

8 Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron and said, “Entreat the Lord that He remove the frogs from me and from my people; and I will let the people go, that they may sacrifice to the Lord.”9 Moses said to Pharaoh, “[z]The honor is yours to tell me: when shall I entreat for you and your servants and your people, that the frogs be [aa]destroyed from you and your houses, that they may be left only in the Nile?”

10 Then he said, “Tomorrow.” So he said, “May it be according to your word, that you may know that there is no one like the Lord our God.11 The frogs will depart from you and your houses and your servants and your people; they will be left only in the Nile.”12 Then Moses and Aaron went out from Pharaoh, and Moses cried to the Lord concerning the frogs which He had [ab]inflicted upon Pharaoh.13 The Lord did according to the word of Moses, and the frogs died out of the houses, the courts, and the fields.14 So they piled them in heaps, and the land [ac]became foul.15 But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he [ad]hardened his heart and did not listen to them, as the Lord had said.

The Plague of Insects

16 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Say to Aaron, ‘Stretch out your staff and strike the dust of the earth, that it may become [ae]gnats through all the land of Egypt.’”17 They did so; and Aaron stretched out his hand with his staff, and struck the dust of the earth, and there were [af]gnats on man and beast. All the dust of the earth became [ag]gnats through all the land of Egypt.18 The [ah]magicians tried with their secret arts to bring forth [ai]gnats, but they could not; so there were [aj]gnats on man and beast.19 Then the [ak]magicians said to Pharaoh, “This is the finger of God.” But Pharaoh’s heart was [al]hardened, and he did not listen to them, as the Lord had said.

20 Now the Lord said to Moses, “Rise early in the morning and present yourself before Pharaoh, [am]as he comes out to the water, and say to him, ‘Thus says the Lord, “Let My people go, that they may serve Me.21 For if you do not let My people go, behold, I will send swarms of flies on you and on your servants and on your people and into your houses; and the houses of the Egyptians will be full of swarms of flies, and also the ground on which they dwell.22 But on that day I will set apart the land of Goshen, where My people are [an]living, so that no swarms of flies will be there, in order that you may know that [ao]I, the Lord, am in the midst of the land.23 I will [ap]put a division between My people and your people. Tomorrow this sign will occur.”’”24 Then the Lord did so. And there came [aq]great swarms of flies into the house of Pharaoh and the houses of his servants and the land was laid waste because of the swarms of flies in all the land of Egypt.

25 Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron and said, “Go, sacrifice to your God within the land.”26 But Moses said, “It is not right to do so, for we will sacrifice to the Lord our God [ar]what is an abomination to the Egyptians. If we sacrifice [as]what is an abomination to the Egyptians before their eyes, will they not then stone us?27 We must go a three days’ journey into the wilderness and sacrifice to the Lord our God as He [at]commands us.”28 Pharaoh said, “I will let you go, that you may sacrifice to the Lord your God in the wilderness; only you shall not go very far away. Make supplication for me.”29 Then Moses said, “Behold, I am going out from you, and I shall make supplication to the Lord that the swarms of flies may depart from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people tomorrow; only do not let Pharaoh deal deceitfully again in not letting the people go to sacrifice to the Lord.”

30 So Moses went out from Pharaoh and made supplication to the Lord.31 The Lord did [au]as Moses asked, and removed the swarms of flies from Pharaoh, from his servants and from his people; not one remained.32 But Pharaoh [av]hardened his heart this time also, and he did not let the people go.

Egyptian Cattle Die

9 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and speak to him, ‘Thus says the Lord, the God of the Hebrews, “Let My people go, that they may serve Me.2 For if you refuse to let them go and [aw]continue to hold them,3 behold, the hand of the Lord[ax]will come with a very severe pestilence on your livestock which are in the field, on the horses, on the donkeys, on the camels, on the herds, and on the flocks.4 But the Lord will make a distinction between the livestock of Israel and the livestock of Egypt, so that nothing will die of all that belongs to the sons of Israel.”’”5 The Lord set a definite time, saying, “Tomorrow the Lord will do this thing in the land.”6 So the Lord did this thing on the next day, and all the livestock of Egypt died; but of the livestock of the sons of Israel, not one died.7 Pharaoh sent, and behold, there was not even one of the livestock of Israel dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was [ay]hardened, and he did not let the people go.

The Plague of Boils

8 Then the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “Take for yourselves handfuls of soot from a kiln, and let Moses throw it toward the sky in the sight of Pharaoh.9 It will become fine dust over all the land of Egypt, and will become boils breaking out with sores on man and beast through all the land of Egypt.”10 So they took soot from a kiln, and stood before Pharaoh; and Moses threw it toward the sky, and it became boils breaking out with sores on man and beast.11 The [az]magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils, for the boils were on the magicians [ba]as well as on all the Egyptians.12 And the Lord[bb]hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not listen to them, just as the Lord had spoken to Moses.

13 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Rise up early in the morning and stand before Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says the Lord, the God of the Hebrews, “Let My people go, that they may serve Me.14 For this time I will send all My plagues [bc]on you and your servants and your people, so that you may know that there is no one like Me in all the earth.15 For if by now I had put forth My hand and struck you and your people with pestilence, you would then have been cut off from the earth.16 But, indeed, for this reason I have allowed you to [bd]remain, in order to show you My power and in order to proclaim My name through all the earth.17 Still you exalt yourself against My people [be]by not letting them go.

The Plague of Hail

18 Behold, about this time tomorrow, I will [bf]send a very heavy hail, such as has not been seen in Egypt from the day it was founded [bg]until now.19 Now therefore send, bring your livestock and whatever you have in the field to safety. Every man and beast that is found in the field and is not brought home, when the hail comes down on them, will die.”’”20 The one among the servants of Pharaoh who [bh]feared the word of the Lord made his servants and his livestock flee into the houses;21 but he who [bi]paid no regard to the word of the Lord[bj]left his servants and his livestock in the field.

22 Now the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward the sky, that [bk]hail may fall on all the land of Egypt, on man and on beast and on every plant of the field, throughout the land of Egypt.”23 Moses stretched out his staff toward the sky, and the Lord[bl]sent [bm]thunder and hail, and fire ran down to the earth. And the Lord rained hail on the land of Egypt.24 So there was hail, and fire [bn]flashing continually in the midst of the hail, very severe, such as had not been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation.25 The hail struck all that was in the field through all the land of Egypt, both man and beast; the hail also struck every plant of the field and shattered every tree of the field.26 Only in the land of Goshen, where the sons of Israel were, there was no hail.

27 Then Pharaoh [bo]sent for Moses and Aaron, and said to them, “I have sinned this time; the Lord is the righteous one, and I and my people are the wicked ones.28 Make supplication to the Lord, for there has been enough of God’s [bp]thunder and hail; and I will let you go, and you shall stay no longer.”29 Moses said to him, “As soon as I go out of the city, I will spread out my [bq]hands to the Lord; the [br]thunder will cease and there will be hail no longer, that you may know that the earth is the Lord’s.30 But as for you and your servants, I know that you do not yet [bs]fear [bt]the Lord God.”31 (Now the flax and the barley were [bu]ruined, for the barley was in the ear and the flax was in bud.32 But the wheat and the spelt were not [bv]ruined, for they ripen late.)33 So Moses went out of the city from Pharaoh, and spread out his [bw]hands to the Lord; and the [bx]thunder and the hail ceased, and rain [by]no longer poured on the earth.34 But when Pharaoh saw that the rain and the hail and the [bz]thunder had ceased, he sinned again and [ca]hardened his heart, he and his servants.35 Pharaoh’s heart was [cb]hardened, and he did not let the sons of Israel go, just as the Lord had spoken through Moses.

The Plague of Locusts

10 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have [cc]hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, that I may [cd]perform these signs of Mine [ce]among them,2 and that you may tell in the [cf]hearing of your son, and of your grandson, how I made a mockery of the Egyptians and how I [cg]performed My signs among them, that you may know that I am the Lord.”

3 Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said to him, “Thus says the Lord, the God of the Hebrews, ‘How long will you refuse to humble yourself before Me? Let My people go, that they may serve Me.4 For if you refuse to let My people go, behold, tomorrow I will bring locusts into your territory.5 They shall cover the surface of the land, so that no one will be able to see the land. They will also eat the rest of what has escaped—what is left to you from the hail—and they will eat every tree which sprouts for you out of the field.6 Then your houses shall be filled and the houses of all your servants and the houses of all the Egyptians, something which neither your fathers nor your grandfathers have seen, from the day that they [ch]came upon the earth until this day.’” And he turned and went out from Pharaoh.7 Pharaoh’s servants said to him, “How long will this man be a snare to us? Let the men go, that they may serve the Lord their God. Do you not [ci]realize that Egypt is destroyed?”8 So Moses and Aaron were brought back to Pharaoh, and he said to them, “Go, serve the Lord your God! [cj]Who are the ones that are going?”9 Moses said, “We shall go with our young and our old; with our sons and our daughters, with our flocks and our herds we shall go, for we [ck]must hold a feast to the Lord.”10 Then he said to them, “Thus may the Lord be with you, [cl]if ever I let you and your little ones go! Take heed, for evil is [cm]in your mind.11 Not so! Go now, the men among you, and serve the Lord, for [cn]that is what you desire.” So they were driven out from Pharaoh’s presence.

12 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up on the land of Egypt and eat every plant of the land, even all that the hail has left.”13 So Moses stretched out his staff over the land of Egypt, and the Lord directed an east wind on the land all that day and all that night; and when it was morning, the east wind [co]brought the locusts.14 The locusts came up over all the land of Egypt and settled in all the territory of Egypt; they were very [cp]numerous. There had never been so many[cq]locusts, nor would there be so many[cr]again.15 For they covered the surface of the whole land, so that the land was darkened; and they ate every plant of the land and all the fruit of the trees that the hail had left. Thus nothing green was left on tree or plant of the field through all the land of Egypt.16 Then Pharaoh hurriedly called for Moses and Aaron, and he said, “I have sinned against the Lord your God and against you.17 Now therefore, please forgive my sin only this once, and make supplication to the Lord your God, that He would only remove this death from me.”18 He went out from Pharaoh and made supplication to the Lord.19 So the Lord shifted the wind to a very strong west wind which took up the locusts and drove them into the [cs]Red Sea; not one locust was left in all the territory of Egypt.20 But the Lord[ct]hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the sons of Israel go.

Darkness over the Land

21 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward the sky, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even a darkness which may be felt.”22 So Moses stretched out his hand toward the sky, and there was thick darkness in all the land of Egypt for three days.23 They did not see one another, nor did anyone rise from his place for three days, but all the sons of Israel had light in their dwellings.24 Then Pharaoh called to Moses, and said, “Go, serve the Lord; only let your flocks and your herds be detained. Even your little ones may go with you.”25 But Moses said, “You must also [cu]let us have sacrifices and burnt offerings, that we may [cv]sacrifice them to the Lord our God.26 Therefore, our livestock too shall go with us; not a hoof shall be left behind, for we shall take some of them to serve the Lord our God. And until we arrive there, we ourselves do not know with what we shall serve the Lord.”27 But the Lord[cw]hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he was not willing to let them go.28 Then Pharaoh said to him, “Get away from me! [cx]Beware, do not see my face again, for in the day you see my face you shall die!”29 Moses said, “You are right; I shall never see your face again!”

The Last Plague

11 Now the Lord said to Moses, “One more plague I will bring on Pharaoh and on Egypt; after that he will let you go from here. When he lets you go, he will surely drive you out from here completely.2 Speak now in the [cy]hearing of the people that each man ask from his neighbor and each woman from her neighbor for articles of silver and articles of gold.”3 The Lord gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians. Furthermore, the man Moses himself was [cz]greatly esteemed in the land of Egypt, both in the sight of Pharaoh’s servants and in the sight of the people.

4 Moses said, “Thus says the Lord, ‘About midnight I am going out into the midst of Egypt,5 and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of the Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the slave girl who is behind the millstones; all the firstborn of the cattle as well.6 Moreover, there shall be a great cry in all the land of Egypt, such as there has not been before and such as shall never be again.7 But against any of the sons of Israel a dog will not even[da]bark, whether against man or beast, that you may [db]understand how the Lord makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel.’8 All these your servants will come down to me and bow themselves [dc]before me, saying, ‘Go out, you and all the people who [dd]follow you,’ and after that I will go out.” And he went out from Pharaoh in hot anger.

9 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Pharaoh will not listen to you, so that My wonders will be multiplied in the land of Egypt.”10 Moses and Aaron performed all these wonders before Pharaoh; yet the Lord[de]hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the sons of Israel go out of his land.

The Passover Lamb

12 Now the Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of [df]Egypt,2 “This month shall be the beginning of months for you; it is to be the first month of the year to you.3 Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying, ‘On the tenth of this month they are each one to take a [dg]lamb for themselves, according to their fathers’ households, a [dh]lamb for [di]each household.4 Now if the household is too small for a [dj]lamb, then he and his neighbor nearest to his house are to take one according to the [dk]number of persons in them; according to [dl]what each man should eat, you are to [dm]divide the lamb.5 Your [dn]lamb shall be an unblemished male a year old; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats.6 [do]You shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month, then the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel is to kill it [dp]at twilight.7 Moreover, they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel [dq]of the houses in which they eat it.8 They shall eat the flesh that same night, roasted with fire, and they shall eat it with unleavened bread [dr]and bitter herbs.9 Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather roasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with its entrails.10 And you shall not leave any of it over until morning, but whatever is left of it until morning, you shall burn with fire.11 Now you shall eat it in this manner: with your loins girded, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste—it is the Lord’s Passover.12 For I will go through the land of Egypt on that night, and will strike down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments—I am the Lord.13 The blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you [ds]live; and when I see the blood I will pass over you, and no plague will befall you [dt]to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.

Feast of Unleavened Bread

14 ‘Now this day will be a memorial to you, and you shall celebrate it as a feast to the Lord; throughout your generations you are to celebrate it as[du]a permanent ordinance.15 Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, but on the first day you shall [dv]remove leaven from your houses; for whoever eats anything leavened from the first day until the seventh day, that [dw]person shall be cut off from Israel.16 On the first day you shall have a holy assembly, and another holy assembly on the seventh day; no work at all shall be done on them, except what must be eaten [dx]by every person, that alone may be [dy]prepared by you.17 You shall also observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for on this very day I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt; therefore you shall observe this day throughout your generations as a [dz]permanent ordinance.18 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the twenty-first day of the month at evening.19 Seven days there shall be no leaven found in your houses; for whoever eats what is leavened, that [ea]person shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is an alien or a native of the land.20 You shall not eat anything leavened; in all your dwellings you shall eat unleavened bread.’”

21 Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel and said to them, “[eb]Go and take for yourselves [ec]lambs according to your families, and slay the Passover lamb.22 You shall take a bunch of hyssop and dip it in the blood which is in the basin, and [ed]apply some of the blood that is in the basin to the lintel and the two doorposts; and none of you shall go outside the door of his house until morning.

A Memorial of Redemption

23 For the Lord will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when He sees the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, the Lord will pass over the door and will not allow the destroyer to come in to your houses to smite you.24 And you shall observe this event as an ordinance for you and your children forever.25 When you enter the land which the Lord will give you, as He has [ee]promised, you shall observe this [ef]rite.26 And when your children say to you, ‘[eg]What does this rite mean to you?’27 you shall say, ‘It is a Passover sacrifice to the Lord[eh]who passed over the houses of the sons of Israel in Egypt when He smote the Egyptians, but [ei]spared our homes.’” And the people bowed low and worshiped.

28 Then the sons of Israel went and did so; just as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.

29 Now it came about at midnight that the Lord struck all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of cattle.30 Pharaoh arose in the night, he and all his servants and all the Egyptians, and there was a great cry in Egypt, for there was no home where there was not someone dead.31 Then he called for Moses and Aaron at night and said, “Rise up, get out from among my people, both you and the sons of Israel; and go, [ej]worship the Lord, as you have said.32 Take both your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and go, and bless me also.”

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