Scarlet fever

Scarlatina

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Scarlet fever is caused by an infection with bacteria called A streptococcus. This is the same bacteria that cause strep throat.

Scarlet fever is a disease caused by an infection with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal bacteria that occurs in a small percentage of people with strep throat. The illness typically begins with a fever and sore throat. It may be accompanied by chills, vomiting, abdominal pain and malaise. The streptococcal bacteria produces a toxin that causes a rash that appears one to two days after the onset of illness. The rash initially appears on the neck and chest, then spreads over the body. While the rash is still red, the patient may develop Pastia's lines, bright red coloration of the creases under the arm and in the groin.

The lungs are located in the chest cavity and are responsible for respiration. The alveoli are small sir sacs where oxygen is exchanged in the lungs.

Causes

Scarlet fever was once a very serious childhood disease, but now it is easy to treat. The streptococcal bacteria that cause it produce a toxin that leads to the red rash the illness is named for.

The main risk factor for getting scarlet fever is infection with the bacteria that cause strep throat. An outbreak of strep throat or scarlet fever in the community, neighborhood, or school may increase the risk of infection.

Symptoms

The time between infection and symptoms is short, most often 1 to 2 days. The illness will likely begin with a fever and sore throat.

The rash first appears on the neck and chest, then spreads over the body. People say it feels like sandpaper. The texture of the rash is more important than the appearance to confirm the diagnosis. The rash can last for more than a week. As the rash fades, the skin around the fingertips, toes, and groin area may peel.