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From the bestselling authors of The Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine, the most comprehensive and practical guide available to the nutritional benefits and medicinal properties of virtually everything edible.

As countless studies have affirmed, diet plays a major role in both provoking and preventing a wide range of diseases. But just what is a healthy diet? What does the body need to stay strong and get well? In The Encyclopedia of Healing Foods, Michael T. Murray, N.D., and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D., two of the world¹s foremost authorities on nutrition and wellness, draw on an abundant harvest of research to present the best guide available to healthy eating.

Make healthy eating a lifetime habit. Let The Encyclopedia of Healing Foods teach you how to:

-design a safe diet -use foods to stimulate the body¹s natural ability to rejuvenate and heal -discover the role that fiber, enzymes, fatty acids, and other dietary components -have in helping us live healthfully -understand which food prescriptions will help you safely treat more than 70 specific ailments, including acne, Alzheimer's disease, immune system depression, insomnia, migraine headaches, PMS, and rheumatoid arthritis -prepare foods safely in order to prevent illness and maximize health benefits -select, store, and prepare all kinds of healthful foods

Providing the best natural remedies for everyday aches and pains, as well as potent protection against serious diseases, The Encyclopedia of Healing Foods is a required daily health reference.

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Editorial Reviews

About the Author

Author of 23 books, including the acclaimed besteller The Encyclopedia of Natural Foods (co-authored with Dr. Joseph Pizzorno), Dr. Michael T. Murray is regarded as the world authority on natural medicine. An educator, lecturer, researcher and health food industry consultant, Michael also serves as the Director of Product Development and Education at Natural Factors, a health product firm.

Dr. Joseph Pizzorno is cofounder of Bastyr University, the first accredited multidisciplinary university of natural medicine in the United States.

Lara Pizzorno, M.A., L.M.T., is a health writer and medical editor with more than twenty years of experience.

In order to answer the question "What is a healthy diet?," it is important to first take a look at what our body is designed for. Is the human body designed to eat plant foods, animal foods, or both? Respectively, are we herbivores, carnivores, or omnivores?

While the human gastrointestinal tract is capable of digesting both plant and animal foods, there are indications that we evolved to digest primarily plant foods. Specifically, our teeth are composed of twenty molars, which are perfect for crushing and grinding plant foods, along with eight front incisors, which are well suited for biting into fruits and vegetables. Only our front four canine teeth are designed for meat eating, and our jaws swing both vertically to tear and laterally to crush, while carnivores' jaws swing only vertically. Additional evidence that supports the human body's preference for plant foods is the long length of the human intestinal tract. Carnivores typically have a short bowel, while herbivores have a bowel length proportionally comparable to humans'.

To answer the question of what humans should eat, many researchers look to other primates, such as chimpanzees, monkeys, and gorillas. These nonhuman wild primates are omnivores. They are also often described as herbivores and opportunistic carnivores in that although they eat mainly fruits and vegetables, they may also eat small animals, lizards, and eggs if given the opportunity. For example, the gorilla and the orangutan eat only 1 percent and 2 percent of animal foods as a percentage of total calories, respectively. The remainder of their diet is derived from plant foods. Since humans are between the weight of the gorilla and orangutan, it has been suggested that humans are designed to eat around 1.5 percent of their diet in the form of animal foods. However, most Americans derive well over 50 percent of their calories from animal foods.

Since wild primates fill up on wild fruit and other highly nutritious plant foods, those weighing one tenth the amount of a typical human ingest nearly ten times the level of vitamin C and much higher amounts of many other vitamins and minerals (see Table 1.1). How is this possible? One reason is that the cultivated fruit in an American supermarket is far different from the wild fruit of the primate's diet, having a slightly higher protein content and a higher content of certain essential vitamins and minerals. Cultivated fruit tends to be higher in sugars and, while very tasty to humans, it is not nearly as nutritious. In fact, it raises blood sugar levels much more quickly than its wild counterparts do.

There are other differences in the wild primate diet that are also important to highlight, such as a higher ratio of alpha-linolenic acid -- the essential omega-3 fatty acid -- to linoleic acid -- the essential omega-6 fatty acid. A higher ratio of omega-3 fatty acid decreases the likelihood of the development of inflammatory and chronic diseases as well as their severity. Finally, the wild primate diet is very high in fiber, while the average American diet is not. A high-fiber diet protects against heart disease and many types of cancer.

Determining what diet humans are best suited for may not be as simple as looking at the diet of wild primates. Humans have some significant structural and physiological differences compared to apes. The key difference may be our larger, more metabolically active brains. In fact, it has been theorized that a shift in dietary intake to more animal foods may have produced the stimulus for human brain growth. The shift itself was probably the result of limited food availability, which forced early humans to hunt grazing mammals such as antelope and gazelle. Archaeological data support this association -- humans' brains started to grow and become more developed at about the same time evidence shows an increase of animal bones being butchered with stone tools at early villages.

While improved dietary quality alone cannot fully explain why human brains grew, it definitely appears to have played a critical role. With their bigger brains, early humans were able to engage in more complex social behavior, which led to improved foraging and hunting tactics, which, in turn, led to even higher quality food intake that fostered additional brain evolution.

Data from anthropologists looking at evidence from hunter-gatherer cultures is providing much insight as to what humans are designed to eat. However, it is important to point out that these cultures were not entirely free to determine their diets. Instead, their diets were molded as a result of what was available to them. For example, the diet of the Inuit Eskimos is far different from that of the Australian Aborigines. Therefore, it may not be appropriate to answer the question "What should humans eat?" simply by looking at these studies alone.

Nonetheless, regardless of whether a hunter-gatherer community relied on animal or plant foods, the rate of diseases of civilization such as heart disease and cancers was extremely low.

How is this possible? One reason is that the meat our ancestors consumed was much different from the meat we find in the supermarket today. Domesticated animals have always had higher fat levels than their wild counterparts, but the desire for tender meat has driven the fat content of domesticated animals to 25 to 30 percent or higher compared to a fat content of less than 4 percent for free-living animals or wild game. In addition, the type of fat is considerably different. Domestic beef contains primarily saturated fats and virtually undetectable amounts of omega-3 fatty acids. In contrast, the fat of wild animals contains over five times more polyunsaturated fat per gram and has desirable amounts of beneficial omega-3 fatty acids (approximately 4 percent).

What conclusions can we draw from the evidence of the wild primate and hunter-gatherer diets about how we should eat today? Overwhelmingly, it appears that humans are better suited to a diet composed primarily of plant foods. This position is supported also by a tremendous amount of evidence showing that deviating from a predominantly plant-based diet is a major factor in the development of heart disease, cancer, strokes, arthritis, and many other chronic degenerative diseases. It is now the recommendation of many health and medical organizations that the human diet should focus primarily on plant-based foods, comprising vegetables, fruits, grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds.

The evidence supporting diet's role in chronic degenerative diseases is substantial. There are two basic facts linking the diet-disease connection:

1. A diet rich in plant foods is protective against many diseases that are extremely common in Western society.

2. A diet providing a low intake of plant foods is a causative factor in the development of these diseases and provides conditions under which other causative factors became more active.

The Pioneering Work of Denis Burkitt and Hugh Trowell

Much of the link between diet and chronic disease originated from the work of two medical pioneers: Denis Burkitt, M.D., and Hugh Trowell, M.D., editors of Western Diseases: Their Emergence and Prevention, first published in 1981. Although now extremely well recognized, the work of Burkitt and Trowell is actually a continuation of the landmark work of Weston A. Price, a dentist and author of Nutrition and Physical Degeneration. In the early 1900s, Dr. Price traveled the world observing changes in teeth and palate (orthodontic) structure as various cultures discarded traditional dietary practices in favor of a more "civilized" diet. Price was able to follow individuals as well as cultures over periods of twenty to forty years, and he carefully documented the onset of degenerative diseases as their diets changed.

Based on the extensive studies examining the rate of diseases in various populations (epidemiological data), including the groundbreaking work of Dr. Price and their own observations of primitive cultures, Burkitt and Trowell formulated the following sequence of events:

First stage: In cultures consuming a traditional diet consisting of whole, unprocessed foods, the rate of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer is quite low.

Second stage: Commencing with eating a more "Western" diet, there is a sharp rise in the number of individuals with obesity and diabetes.

Third stage: As more and more people abandon their traditional diet, conditions that were once quite rare become extremely common.

Examples of these conditions include constipation, hemorrhoids, varicose veins, and appendicitis.

Fourth stage: Finally, with full Westernization of the diet, other chronic degenerative or potentially lethal diseases, including heart disease, cancer, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout, become extremely common.

Since the publication in Western Diseases of Burkitt and Trowell's pioneering research, a virtual landslide of data has continually verified the role of the Western diet as the key factor in virtually every chronic disease, but especially in obesity and diabetes. In 1984, the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council established the Committee on Diet and Health to undertake a comprehensive analysis on diet and major chronic diseases. Their findings, as well as those of the U.S. surgeon general, the National Cancer Institute, and other highly respected medical groups brought to the forefront the need for Americans to change their eating habits to reduce their risk for chronic disease. Table 1.2 lists diseases with convincing links to a diet low in plant foods. Many of these now-common diseases were extremely rare before the twentieth century.

Trends in U.S. Food Consumption

During the twentieth century, food consumption patterns changed dramatically. Total dietary fat intake increased from 32 percent of calories in 1909 to 43 percent by the end of the century; carbohydrate intake dropped from 57 ...
--This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

Most Helpful Customer Reviews

I liked the presentation of the book. It has a list of all different kinds of foods and then gives the benefits.

But, I am not giving this book 5 stars because there is some incorrect or misleading information. For example, the book says (page 8) that the per capita of eggs was 37 in 1909, but according to the Department of Agriculture the per capita was 292.8 ([...] That's a big difference!

He mentions phytic acid, but he doesn't say what foods have them or how to deactivate them. (Phytates pull calcium, zinc, and magnisium out of the body. They are found in grains and seeds, and they can be deactivated by sprouting or soaking in water with some yogurt.)

He writes that vitamin B6 helps detoxify estrogen out of the body, but he fails to say that only about 10% of vitamin B6 is absorbed from plant foods while about 100% of B6 is absorbed from animal foods (_AJCN_ 1988: 863-7). The ironic thing is that he says to avoid ALL animal foods (even organic) if one has an estrogen problem.

I am just starting this book its a requirement for the school that I am attending. In the book he talks about Weston Price, and how cultures that consumed traditional diets containing whole, unprocessed foods had low rates of chronic disease. Then he goes on to recommend low-fat dairy which is homogenized and pasteurized. What really bothers me is that he recommends soy bacon, soy sausage, and soy hot dogs. I don't know about you but don't those sound like highly processed foods? He also recommends canola oil. This guy is a joke!

"Healing Foods" takes a holistic approach to health, starting with the food we put in our bodies. I found "Healing Foods" helpful in pointing out what kinds of fruit are best bought organic. Organic watermelon for instance is better than conventional watermelon due to its high absorption of pesticides etc. I wouldn't say "Healing Foods" is a bible, but it's a good reference on healthy living. Because it's a reference book and not a guide book, it requires you to have something in mind. If you have say "hazelnuts" in mind and you want to know how best to store them and what they're nutritional value is, then the book is helpful. "Healing Foods" is not, however, a substitute for proper medical attention and especially acute medical care.

Lots of pertinent information, clearly presented. The egg discrepancy may be a typo, but as a former proofreader, I'd say it's unlikely a work of this size won't have one or two...Over all, I'm impressed with the accuracy. I particularly appreciate the appendices in the back. The disease-specific prescriptions are great, too.

Michael's book is an extraordinary reference for anyone wishing to know how foods affect the body, why they react the way they do, what to eat to address specific health issues, comprehensive information about fat and its importance in the diet and which foods to eat as well as what to stay clear from for optimal health. I would highly recommend it for consumers, health care practitioners, dieticians and especially doctors. The chapters are organized, well researched, documented with numerous supporting studies and the references are clearly ordered and easy to confirm.

The book is not only filled with very specific and helpful information on foods, vitamins and minerals, but the great number of tables with nutritent values, percentages, cabohydrates, vitamins, minerals and other details proved invaluable in my own research. This book is a must-have for anyone in the nutrition field and healthcare field. Physicians would benefit greatly as well, although if their clients embraced the information in this book, they'd soon be seeing far less of them.

I've read many nutrition books on my quest to find a better way of eating. This book gives a history, nutritional breakdown and the benefits of each and every fruit and vegetable! Once you read about how good each of these foods are for you, there is just no doubt that you MUST incorporate them in to your diet! (My husband didn't want to eat cabbage. So, I made a cabbage salad and when he said he didn't want it, I just opened the book and read how GOOD cabbage is for you. After hearing that, he said "give me a fork!") This book doesn't give you a lot of recipes, get another book for that. But this book is a MUST if you are on the fence about what to eat for your long term health.

I first ran into this book at Jamba Juice. I immediately knew I wanted it for someone close to me who is battling cancer.

This is a great resource to look up a product and learn more about it. It has almost every fruit, vegetable, vitamins...etc. available in stores. In fact, I haven't found one that isn't in the book yet.

It provides a bunch of tips for healthy eating. The book covers a brief overview, history, nutritional highlights, health benefits, how to select and store, tips for preparing, quick serving ideas, and safety on every single produce, vitamin...etc.