UN report warns of widening climate gap

Protesters display placards during a rally near the U.S. Embassy in Manila, Philippines to call on industrialized countries to act on the growing problem of climate change Wednesday, Nov. 14, 2012. The protesters called on transnational corporations, led by the United States and the European Union, to adhere to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) which was ratified by 195 countries, to help reduce excessive greenhouse gas emissions that allegedly cause climate change. (AP Photo/Bullit Marquez)

FILE - In this Tuesday, Aug. 21, 2007 file photo, the sun sets behind an oil refinery on Rosedale Highway, in Bakersfield, Calif. On Wednesday, Nov. 14, 2012, California's largest greenhouse gas emitters will for the first time begin buying permits in a landmark "cap-and-trade" system meant to control emissions of heat-trapping gases and spur investment in clean technologies. The program is a key part of California's 2006 climate-change law, AB32, a suite of regulations that dictate standards for cleaner-burning fuels, more efficient automobiles and increased use of renewable energy. (AP Photo/The Bakersfield Californian, Casey Christie) MANDATORY CREDIT, NO MAGS, NO SALES, TV OUT, ONLINE OUT

The report by the U.N. Environment Program, released just days ahead of a major climate conference, said the concentration of heat-trapping greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is up about 20 percent since 2000.

Scientists say those emissions are contributing to climate change and that failure to contain them could have dangerous consequences, including rising sea levels inundating coastal cities, dramatic shifts in rainfall disrupting agriculture and drinking water, the spread of diseases and the extinction of species.

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Emissions levels, driven by the burning of fossil fuels, need to come down by 14 percent by 2020 for the world to reach a pathway that could keep the global temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius, compared with pre-industrial levels, UNEP said. That's the stated goal of U.N. climate negotiations, which resume next week in Doha, Qatar.

But it won't happen if countries don't come ahead with more ambitious plans to cut emissions than what's currently on the table.

The U.N. agency said if no swift action is taken, emissions are likely to hit 58 gigatons in 2020 -- 14 gigatons too much to have a chance of limiting warming to 2 degrees. The projected gap is now bigger than it was last year and in 2010.

UNEP Executive Director Achim Steiner said that bridging the gap remains doable and that there are many "inspiring" actions at the national level on renewable energy, energy efficiency, protecting forests, and vehicle emissions standards.

"Yet the sobering fact remains that a transition to a low-carbon, inclusive Green Economy is happening far too slowly and the opportunity for meeting the 44 Gt target is narrowing annually," Steiner said.

The report confirmed scientific observations that the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is growing, not shrinking. On Tuesday the World Meteorological Organization reported that the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere reached a record high last year.

Climate activists said the reports underscored the urgency in advancing clean technologies, such as wind and solar power.

"The only way we are going achieve the necessary cuts in emissions is to move away from fossil fuels and towards a world of renewable energy," said Kaisa Kosonen, climate policy adviser at Greenpeace.

The Kyoto Protocol, the only international agreement to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases from industrial countries, expires this year. Talks in Doha will focus on extending it for another term while negotiators work on a more comprehensive climate pact that would also include developing countries, whose share of global emissions is growing.