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THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM.
Three MUls for the Public
Schools.
THK 1'OJbJj TAX ONK DOLLAR,
THIuiiin ami Hyalin Opposed Kach
Other?Mi'' Roportof tlio Conilttlt*
tee on Ktlucatlon Goes TIu-oiikIi.
THK SCHOO!.. DISTRICTS.
Senator Tlllman said ho wanted to
start on the matter of districts, because
many members were Willing to vote u
good levy, if they knew how it wad to
9 distributed, and on his motion the
dobate was adjourned. Ho offered a
substitute us follows.
Seotlon 6. The Gouural Assorably
shall provide for a liboral system of
free pubiio schools for children betwoon
the agos of 0 and 21 yeurc. not mentally
disabled, and for the division of the
counties into sultablo sobool districts,
as compact in form as practicable, hav
ing regard to natural boundaries us
large oreeks, etc, and not to exceed
forty-nine uor bo less thau nine square
miles in area: Provided, that in cities
of ten thousand inhabitants and over
this limit ah all not apply : Provided,
further, thut if any school district laid
out under this section shall embruce
cities or towns already organized into
special school districts in which graded
sobool buildings have boou eroetod by
the issuance of bonds, or by special
taxation or by donation, all tho terrl
tory inoluded in said school district
shall bear its iust proportion of any
tax that may be levied to liquidate
Hiieh bonds or support the public schools
' therein : Provided, further, that noth
ing in this article contained shall bo
construed us a repeal of the laws under
which the soveral school districts of
the State aro organized.
Congressman Wilson said this amend
ment would nevor do. In his county
tho pooplo were satisfied with tho pres
ent arrangement of the districts. Chil
dren would be confused and sout to new
sehools. Tho Legislature ought to bo
allowed to manage this question. What
will suit one county will not suit anoth
er. This Mudde.i change will involve
a charge and an oxpondituro that Is
not wanted. Wo want to bo let alono
and let us manage our utfuirs in our
own way. Those words, "as practica
ble," cannot save us. The provision is
mandatory, und it will tuko a vory
groat excuse to save us. it would cost
-nrls county not less than $10,000 to carry
out this provision. What he advocated
was to protect the country districts.
Senator Till man said it looked as if
Mr. Wilson could not look beyond
Spartauburg in considering a pubiio
oaostion.
Mr. Wilson: "My friend ib alono
and, although a surveyor, does not
know the pubiio wants."
Senator Till man : " What WO want
Is to ke.op the people from frittering
away our sehool fund. Wo must start
out with reasonable school districts and
not leave cbildroo in 'no man's land.1
Wo have to bogln right and tho only
way Is to have tho schools us near tho
centre of the township as possible.
Why should you not have them square?
Leave It to the Legislature and it will
do nothing. You want to leave It to
tho Legislature whenever you got in a
hole. We aro com pol led hore now to
lay tho foundations. Unless we do this
wo will not bavo tho hearty support
that this urticlo should receive when
adoptod. Senator Tlllman was dooply
in earnost in advocacy of his district
provision."
Mr. Clayton wanted to know what
about the graded schools.
.Mr. Till man: "If your schools aro
nou-noi as you' want then God knows
you have enough poor mon In Florence
to take them by the collar and get men
in office who will run your schools as
you want taom."
' Mr. Cooper : " What aro you going
to do with a district that has no white
child in it and sparsely settled with
negroes ?"
Senator Tlllman : " Givo It to tho
negroes if thoy are there, und if they
aro not there, to the alligators."
(Laughter.)
Mr. Parrott, of Darlington, thought
he people could take care themselves.
d his district,, which was poor, thoro
vero threo schools.
Mr. Parlor, of Colleton, was opposed
? tho amendment. If we woro forcod
0 lay off districts as providod for we
I ild not Und a single white in some
(riots. Tho Legislature has aetod
-}' ely and this can bo loft to that
1 y. As soon as wo aro wo will
V ite a sehool district and put a
*^Vte and colored school in it.
ihr. Johnson, of Spartanburg, fa
vored small districts, as tho children
would not have to go so far to attend
school. He thought It better to amend
by Baying " In as compaet a form as
possible.'
Mr. Otts, of Union, said tho plan was
for the future. What was wanted was
tho location of sehools in tho future.
No one expeets sehools to bo moved
right now.
Mr. Howell, of Colleton, thought tho
present statute law now in force ample
and sufficient. In his county the ma
jority of tho sehool districts aro town
ships. Under the present law smaller
striots can bo orguntzod whon thoy
e wanted.
Senator Tlllman : " If you want to
exempted why not say so. Wo
want this for the wbolo State."
Mr. Howell : "The statute books
Ivo every county all the rights we
ave under the statutes and all coun
ties can get sehool districts whon they
want it."
Senator Tlllman : " Wo want to
start over anew. Wo want to brush
asldo all tho farce and nonsense we
imi, from the Republicans. We want
new order of things. You simply
make your people go ahead and do
something."
Mr. Howell: " Thoy are doing all
they can. They aro not asloep and aro
ponding all they can. Our people
re aroused to the noods of education
nd aro building school houses and
pporting schools."
Mr. Johnfetone, of Newberry: *'Our
hool dtstrloto have boon recently ro
rvoyod and tho average Is at least
four miles square. Threo miles would
adit his people better."
'he convention had agrood to take a
? on Sonator Tlllman's proposition
twonty-flve minutes of 1 o'clock,
en that hour arrived Mr. Barton,
.wfeenvlllo, wanted to make a speech,
but President Evans announced that
the hour for voting had arrived and
that the convention had fired the hour
and ho could only carry out its man
dates. This made Mr. Barton a little
voxod and he said that tome members
could speak when they wanted and
others wore out off. President Kvans
was only enforcing the rule. The con
vention gave Mr. Barton two minutes
time, and he then taid that in his
? ??'
districts there were eight sohools in
an area of forty-nine square miles and
there would not be as many under the
proposed amendment,
j Senator Tillman explained that the
suggestion of Mr. Johnstone having
been accepted made the matter per
fectly easy, and the people of Greon
I ville could have aa many schools as
they wanted, and he was glad they
had them.,
The yeas and nays had been called
for. Mr. Cooper suggested that it was
not altogether right to amend amend
ments without lotting the convention
consider them and after the vote had
I been called for, as was done at the sug
gestion of Mr. Johnetone.
i President Evans said that had objec
tion boon made at tho time he cer
tainly would not havo ontortained any
amendment, but bo thought it was
done by unanimous consent to save
time.
Mr. Parier, of Colloton, wanted to
say a few words. Permission was
asked, but it was refused by a vote of
35 to 58. So the vote was finally called,
and resulted in tho carrying of the
5th section as amended by Senator
Tillman by a vote of 7? to 52.
Yeas?Austin, Barker, Bowman,
Bradhuiu, Breazeale, Bryan, Bulst,
Cantey, Clayton, Connor, Cunningham,
Dent, Dorbam, Douglass, Dudley, J.
0. Evans, W. D. Evans, Field, Frasor,
Uago, Garry, J. P. Glenn, Graham,
Gray, Gunter, Harrison, D. S. Hender
son, Henry, T. E. Johnson, George
Johnstone, Wllio Jones, E. J. Kennedy,
Klugh, Lowman, McCulla, McCaslan,
McCown, McDormotte, McGowan, Mo
Kagen, MoMahan, McMakln, Mc
Wnite, Mltcholl, W. J. Montgomery,
Moore. Mower, Nash, Nathans, Nichol
son, Oliver, Otts, Patterson, Patton,
Prince, I. It. Rood, Rosborough, Hus
sell, Scarborough, Shulo>*, Sloan,
Smalln, A. J. Smith, W. C. Smith,
Smoak, Stokes, Stribllng, Talbert. B.
R. Tillman, Timmorman, Vou Kolnltz,
Waters, Wells, Wharton, A. H.
White, Woodward.
Nays?Alexander, Andorson, Ashe,
Atkinson, Barton, Bates, Bowen, J. S.
Brlce, W. T. Brice, Burn, Carver,
Cooper, DoHay, Dennis, Doylo, EUrd,
Estrldge, Farrow, Fitch, Floyd, Gar
ris, Gllland, J. L. Glenn, Hamel, Har
rison, Hay, Haynsworth, Hemphill,
Howoll, Hutson, Jorvey, I. B. Jones,
Loe, Matthews, Murray, Parier, Par
rott, Ragsdalo, J. H. Read, Redfearn,
Rogers, Rowland, Snoppard, R. F.
?mlth, Sullivan, Taylor, G. D. rill
tnan, Watson, S. E. White, Stanyarne
Wilson, W. B. Wilson.
A FLEA FOR FItlMAKY EDUCATION.
Senator Watson took tho floor and
? poke very earnestly as follows :
Mr. President and Gentlomon of the
convention: Sevoral things havo
lapponed in the last few days that
lave made me feel liko we wero 50
;<-Urs behind whoro we are. My friend
tald something about an Ideal system.
Jndor this two-mill tax wo got $1.50
A) ruu the common schools, and that
ncludes the poll tax. Add another
nill and we will get $2. And that is
in ideal system at the end of the nine
,eenth century. An Ideal system to
?mi the schools of this country.
Mr. President, pardon me, but I
mve stayed awake several nights
.binklug about this matter, and the
ears runulut? down my face. And
vhy shouldn't they, sir? I had gone
luck to the lights around Richmond,
remembered when 12 o'clock at night,
kfter a terrible battle, I havo gone
?.round carrying a cup of water to a
lying soldier and reueived a message
i> his wife as ho commended her and
lia children to the care of his friends
it home in tho State, and I have lived
,osoe those children working In the
iolds with negroes as ignorant as thoir
'athers wero a thousand years ago,
with no friends, no protectors. What
lid these men light for? Liberty!
What induced tbom to tight but
liberty. And in all the history of this
?tate, sir, those men who have never
Feared to bare their breasts to the
meiny have had no recognition in all
thoso 200 years. They have been
allowed to go their way in darkness
uul you propose that they continue to
In it, and then you pass a suffrage, bill
and say they must learn or they can
not veto. And yet we talk about an
Idoal system with $2. Dr. Tornwell
said that thorc tcan come no sweuter
satisfaction than that whichicomes from
the consciousness of being a father to
tiie fatherless.
Who Is to take caro of tho poor peo
ple unless you do it ? Thoy can barely
earn a bare subslstance. The labor
ing man gets $10 a month. He can
baroly food and clothe his family, and
yet you say you will not help him.
Can it bo, gontlomen ? Can it be that
there Is a single man in this conven
tion who will rofuse to give tho pit
tance of $.'l to educato tho masses of
our people *, the children and the
grandchildren of tho soldiers of this
country.
Can you dony thorn this small
amount? Gentlomon, I camo to this
convention for the singlo purpose to
plead for thoso people. I havo no
higher ambition than to help to bo a
fatbor to tho fatherloss and I would
want uo prouder epltah than that
here lies the protector and tho friend
of primary sohools. It was natural
that our fathers should care nothing
for tho poor people. Tho slave owner
was rich and proud and the poor man
was only poor buckra; they cared
nothing about his labor; they did
what was natural to do, adhorlng to
tho prejudices of their fathers to the
divine right of kings thoy must havo
higher instruction?a college. Whilst
they educated a few grand men like
Harper and O'Neal ami scores of others,
and yet they wero comparatively few,
the groat body of tho people grew up
in ignorance. Slavory naturally made
a wide gap?a great gulf between the
higher and lower orders of that
society. Lord Macauley said "That is
the happiest socloty In whloh the
supremo power resides In the wholo
body of a well Informed people." This
is an ideal and perhaps an unattain
able condition, but he only Is a states
man who tries to approach this Ideal.
Political philosophers all agroo that
it is tho duty of tho State to foster
primary education. No other power
can do it. Such was the opinion of
Stuart and Adam Smith ana Say and
many others. It has boon truthfully
said that power without intelligence
was a blind monster. The father of
our country said " Promote then, aa
an objoot of primary Importance, in
structions for tho gonoral diffusion of
knowledge." Thomas Jefferson said
" It is far safer to have the whole poo
Iilo respectably Intelligent than a few
n a high state of science and the
many in ignorance." Governor North
rop said "Tho State has duties as well
as rights, and one of these is the
seourlng of a good common school edu
cation to the ohlldren of all ofassos.
It is the duty and right of the State tc
defend Itself by humanizing and con
verging education against what would
otherwise become a degraded and dan
Serous class in socloty. Better thai
nets and forte for security and pros
pority is universal education, whloh ii
?! the safeguard of our institutions
Universal suffrage without univorsa
eduoation means universal anarchy.'
i [ Governor Winthrop in his York town
, I address expressed these views : "Free
i' governments must stand or fall with
common schoolB. These alone can
supply the Arm foundation." Dr. J.
L. M. Gurry said: "Behind tbo bal
lots should stand intelligence." Suoh
writers on the English Constitution as
Montesquieu and Blackstone, in writ
ing on suffrage concur tbat those
should be excluded from voting whoso
eduoation is sucb that thoy eannot bo
prosumed to bavo a will of their own
or what is equivalent, an indepondont
and intelligent will." Dr. Eliot of
Harvard says : "We decelvo ourselves
dangerously when we think that edu
cation whether primary or university
can guarantee Republican institutions.
Eduoation can do no suoh thing. The
Republican people should Indeed bo
educated and intelligent, but it by no
mean follows that and educated aud
intelligent people will bo Republican.
Let us cling fast to the genuine Amer
ican method in the matter of educa
tion. The ossontial features of that
system aro local taxes for universal
olomontary education voted by tbo
citizens themselves; local elective
boards to spond tbo money raised by
taxation and to control tho schools
and for tho higher grades of in
struction permunont endowments ad
ministered by incorporated bodies of
trusteess.
He then read a' number of oxtructs
from Dr. Thornwoll bearing on tho
samo subject.
He then said wo pay loss for primary
education than any State in these
United States. I just mcntiouod in tho
beginning tbat Edgoileld has $1.40 to
educato a man a year. Our pooplo are
an agricultural people; only a few of 1
us live in cities. Contrast tho charac- :
ter of the oducational conditions with
those of tho North. Threo years ago l
Maine raised 39 bushels oi corn to tho
acre ; South Carolina, with hor fertile I
soil makes soven or eight bushols. It 1
makes this ditforonco : South Carolina J
has modo more corn on an aero than *
any State in tho Union. It moans that ?
Maine has an intelligent and solf-roli- <
ant active citizenship?overy man tak- J
ing charge of his opportunities. It is '
painfully otherwise today ove this 1
country. It is painful to rido along 1
our roads and notice tho depression of 1
the value of lunds in this country. I ?
know farms in our county whore tho 1
real roturn from cotton is 25 por cent. '
less than it was 10 years ago. It is $
because the lands aro in tho hands of '
densely ignorant poople who are ruin- *
ing tho soil and there can bo no pros- 1
perity in our country until wo have a '
wide-awake citizenship among our I
farmers. At ono time intelligence
directed labor in this country. The
laborer was a machine. Theso densely v
ign?rant men are oultivating and mak- '
Ing our lands poorer day by day. I V
want to impress It upon you that tho
hopo of higher education is tho prl- t
mary school. Contrast tho Southern 5
system for ono minute if you please, rJ
with the Northern system. Over 100 5
years ago it was in England that tho ^
governor of Virginia was asked what I
ho was doing for primary schools ; ho c
repliod that they had none and no C
newspapers and noped they wouldn't d
have any for 200 years. Tho governor <J
of Connecticut says: "We aro do- $
voting one-fourth of tho whole income I
from the province for tho maintenance d
of tho primary schools." And then 1
you aro not willing to give tbat $3 per s
capita to educuto the people. Their s
high school svstem is hotter than our '
Colleges. Thoy got together and do- u
ter mi no how much it will take to run t
tho public schools and then thoy vote e
It. Talk about not giving 3 mills. Sup- r
F?080 a man has $500 worth of property, v
t only increases his taxes 50 cents. ;
A man with a family of live children 1
pays 50 cents and $1 poll tax and gets ?
schooling for a yoar. Say that it is a <
tax on factorios and railroads. Tho ;
rich ought to holp educate tho poor. C
He pays no more than the poor man, <
for ho has more to protect. Wo have s
got no skilled lahorers. Wo have to go c
to tho North for our hoes, our plows t
and shoes and hats and everything. 1
Then wo go to Kentucky or somewhere
eldo for our whiskey, and we are bound 1
to be poor as long as wo havo no 1
skilled laborers. Emigrants are not .
going to como boro when you toll them i
that you havo no common schools to t
give them. Would a man como hero i
trom a country whore ho can bond <
children to a free school and put them i
in the Hold with negroes. i
No sensible man would ovor come to <
a State that cannot otfur something in 1
tho way of education ; to a country
where a largo part of tho whole popu- 1
lation cannot road and write.
Anothor danger that I would im- I
press upon you, and especially upon tho
country peoplo, and that is tho danger
of the intelligent and wide-awake far- i
mors leaving their plantations and go
ing to tho towns to educate their chil
dren.
Thoy aro doing it today?abandon
ing thoir farms to tho nogroea and
justoxlng out an oxistenco that thoy
may give thoir children an education.
Wo must put theso schools in reach of
tho country pooplo. Wo must not lot
all theso intelligent pooplo go to tho
cities.
Mr. Purrott?Don't you think tho
country mombors aro in favor ol this
threo-mlll tax ?
Mr. Watson?I bopo they aro.
Mr. Patterson?From my personal
observation tho members from tho
towns and cities aro heartily in favor
of it, and if tho country people will
only support it wo will put it through.
Mr. Watson?I havo only ono moro
word to say. The govornor Bald : " Put
out no lights." I want to say, " Kindle
lights on every hilltop and in overy
valley In South Carolina that every
body may soo thom."
TOLLMAN ON EDUCATION.
Senator Tlllman discussed tho
gonoral subjoot of education In support
of tho committee's roport:
Mr. President and gontlomon: I
shall make no apologies for tho short
comings in tho speech I shall mako to
night by rooson of being sick. i would
not havo como hero tonight, nor this
morning, but for tho deep intorost I
feel In this question. There is noth
ing that ooncerns this convention
moro. Tho suffrage article, dealing
with our civilization and tho preserva
tion of white supremacy, was not of so
great interest to tho peoplo. What
are some of the reasons that tho State
should educate its children ? This 1b
no new idea in government; it has ]
been in existence only 90 or 100 years.
I think Prussia was the iirst State
that began it, and she began it after
the empire had boen overthrown by
Napoleon, and seeing that intelligence
was the basis of liberty, good govern
ment and everything olso, she wont to
i work after the battle of Kunersdorf,
after Frederick the Great had boen
overthrown, to prepare for the war of
> 1870, when she had France at her feet
? and she put Franoe there, by the
1 Superior Intelligence of her soldiers.
? Wnat are the reasons why a State
i should educate its ohlldren ? It has
? been the basis of good government
i juet In proportion to the intelligence and
. thrlftiness which a oitizen exercises.
1 When you got that you will get good
' government and a progressive coun
try. I am sorry I tread on the toes
of some of my friends in the general
assembly. I intended no personal
allusion. I think I can claim this
much ; that I be'leve as much in the
capacity of the people for self-govern
ment as any other man. It is not my
intention in the slightest to say that
tho people are not capablo of taking
care of themselves. I think I can
claim to bo the apostle of that doctrine
of late years. In the language of John
Stuart Mill, a great statesman in Eng
land, " Those who need it most, feel It
tho less." I moan education.- "Those
whoineed it most, feel it less." States
men should i'Ibo and grasp a duty and
send these ignorant boys to school,
aud say to them : " You will never
amount to any thing as you aro. I
will give you a hand and holp you to
put you on tho lirst round of the lad
der. We have come horo to take a
now departuro. Are you going to
move forward, upward, onward v"
Going baek to that idea which I ad
vanced a momentugo that " those who
need most, fool It less," anothor philoso
pher?a poet?has said : " Whore
ignorance Is bliss 'tis folly to be wise."
You know that is tho rule almost In
variably among ignorant people who
cannot read nor write. And who is It
that will kick about this? Thore aro
throe cIusros?the land-owing, wealthy
men, the poor tonaut and tho middle
class?whom you will not hurt much
eithorway and who aro perhaps more
solicitous about educating their child
ren than the othors. Why should tho
rich man holp to educalo that poor
uhlld ? BecaUbO his property is being
protected by this government. Thon
bhat child will bo a good citizen and
mfHclontly educated to uphold tho
right. Tho wealth of tho country will
increase in proportion to tho intelli
gence thoroof. No one can deny it. I
Leave us alono iu our besotted ignor- I
nice ; leave us alono In our benigbtod
loath ; loavo us alono; lot us plod i
ilon;; with our lgnoramusos. Now >
jomo down to tho practical side of It.
tfow, gontlomen, you know how people i
jan raise a row in those schools. Every 1
ollow wants to be boss, wants to run i
t, wants to havo a linger in tho pio. I
'. boliove in an increase in the poll \
ax. There havo boon supplementary i
?eports, minority reports and sub- ]
nlnorlty reports. I may havo been a ]
ool, gont'oinon, I may havo been a i
ool. I wanted to lovy a poll tax of 1
>.'!. I havo been all around through t
-ho country and I bamboozled tho boys
otnohow, because all of thorn voted (
or me, or nearly all of thorn, and I (
van!cd to oiler the $il poll tax and 1 <
lollovo I can justify It before tho
icoplo today. How about tho negroes? 1
{ou would say to thorn: "If you c
fant your brats educated, quit spend- t
ng your money for tobacco aud i
whiskey." \
After somo further remarks, Sona- i
or Tillman said : Thon glvo us tho t
',1 poll tax and the three mill tax. ;
'hero had been much talk about tho
100,000 spent for higher education, i
Vas not Clemson burnt? Didn't wo g
luild the women's college?$03,000 to j
tie and $;if>,000 to the other, In clean e
ash? Seventeen tbousadd five hun
rod dollars wont to tho Citadel; $24,- t
00 to tho South Carolina college, and g
2?,000 to Winthrop. Clemson has i
ow the fertilizer tax and tho fund (
onatod by tho Federal government, t
fou can't add up more than $117,000 to \
avoyour life, as a tax which goes to
upport these four collegos. Wo aro i
ow a little In dobt and are going to \
sk you to pay us out. We have gotten
lehlnd. Wo could not calculato tho r
-\act cost and you aro not going to i
ofuso.us, if you are demagogues and t
?hlinsioal, you gentlemen of tho
;onoral assembly. Tho Citadel has l
loon In existence for 50 years. The
iouth Carolina collogo has boon in
xistonce nearly a century. Tho I
;roatest namos in tho history of South
'arol'nu are those of men who wore
iducatud there ; and to bo just, I must
ay tho city of Charleston pays nearly j
mo-eighth of the tax of the Citadel. I
im down on military dudes, though I
lavo ono at Clomson.
Suppose you took the $20,000 away
roin tho South Carolina collogo, how
ong would that run your common ,
chools ? About flvo or six days?not <
nore. Aro you going to do this? I i
lo not think so. This is a school whore ,
t high classical education can bo hud.
Jlomson collogo is teaching tho boys ]
ndustrlal and scioutiiic subjects and
nutbods. Itoek Hi 11 Is making teach
ers of our young women, and touching
ihoru how,to bocomo self-supporting. (
Now, gentlemen, suppose you tako
;ho proooods from these collegos ? It
would not run your schools throo
nonths and then whero aro your going
;o get your toachors ?
Gentlomon, I havo nothing more to
my, except that 1 ask tbib convention
to take these remarks for what thoy
iro worth. Aro you going to grasp
tho opportunity to mako a perfect sys
tem ? Wo will novor have It again.
If you cannot rise up above tho fear of
being loft at homo by your constituents
because you voto this tax, you ought
to stay at home. Wo havo now boon
brought face to face with this question.
If thoy get after you tell tliom you did
It for tho good of South Carolina.
EVANS TAOKLBS TILLMAN.
Governor Evans requestod Mr. Ira
B. Jones to take the chair, and mado
a speech against tho three mill tax or
any detinito amount being tlxed in the
constitution.
Gov. Evans said it was with reluc
tance that be had to tako the lloor but
ho felt that ho ought to say something
as a dologato from Alkon on this ques
tion.
Whon ho was first olectod to tho
Loglslaturo ho was olectod on his prin
ciple. I showed tho poople tho larce
of their public school system. There
is no differonce between us on the ques
tion, tho only thing Is which is the
most oxpodlont plan?whether to havo
a constitutional tax or leave it to tho
Legislature.
Whon ho camo to tho Loglslaturo tho
first thing ho did was to oiler an
amondmont to tako out tho tax. Sinco
it has beon in thore the schools havo
been degraded. It was put there to
satisfy a Republican administration
thon In Washington that wo wero go
ing to do something for tho negro. No
taxation should be put In the Constitu
tion, it should be In tho hands of the
fieople so thoy oan ropoal or Increase
t. Who knows how many dollars it
will raise throo yoars Irom now ?
11 a ,n't rice held.; been made hunting
grounds and our city by the sea de
vastod and almost doBtroyod by cyolonoB
and earthquakes ? Yet with thin tax
In tho constitution wo would be forced
to collect it and the Legislature could
not remit it. His opposition to tho
two mill tax in the constitution was
not opposition to the public sohools.
The friends who advocate putting in
throe mills are cot tho friends of freo
sohools.
Senator Tillman : " Suppose next
year cotton sold at four oents wouldn't
the Legislature oomo hero and abollBh
the school tax and don't you know
it?"
Gov. Evans : " I know no suoh thing.
I had a olaui* \inserted in the statutes
that when a teparato school dlstriot
was formed, t \oso people could vote
(a tax on themselves and say to what
schools it should go. Sluoo that bill
passed the term went from 2 4-10 to I
months. Every school oommlssionor
Is having applicants to form new
school districts."
Mr. Russell said in Anderson they
have special districts and only ono
had voted a special tax and that sinco
has been repealed.
Mr. Bowman said fifteen districts in
Orange burg had special taxos aim only
one wont baok on it.
Gov. Evans said tho pooplo never
would object to tux ing themselves for
schools. He had been told tbat bis law
was unconstitutional yet it bad novor
been attacked and a similar provision
was in the Georgia constitution, which
has never been knocked out.
He didn't oppose free schools. Dur
ing the last campaign be expressed his
views and showed how wo want to
get the taxes in the hands of the peo
ple. Supposo the national government
should some time take charge of things
in this State. Wouldn't you wunt to
ropoulit ?
Senator Tillman ; "Couldn't thoy
levy It with tho Legislature just as
well ??
Gov. Evans : "Thoy couldn't take
charge of the peoplo in the district and
keop them from coming together and
taxing themselves.
He didn't believe that tho people of
South Carolina wanted a three mills
tax or a $.'1 poll tax. Ho knew the
people of Alken didn't and if he hadn't
explained to tbem during the last cam
paign tbat neither Senator Tillman
nor anybody else would Impose it
without their cunsont ho did'nt be
lieve thoy could havo carried tho coun
ty.
Senator Tillman said that wo dared
not put tho school fund exclusively to
the white children undor tho four
teenth amendment.
Gov. Evans said that was tho vory
reason ho wantod It out. Tho peoplo
wanted to control their own tuxes.
Uo was opposed to anybody lovying
i tax on peoplo oxcopt whon they per
mitted it. It was bettor to put it in
ibelr own hands bo thoy could repeal
it In a year or six months if they
ivanted. That was better than locking
;ho door and throwing away the key.
Elis pooplo oleetod him on the princi
ple that this two mill tax should be
tbollshed and that they bo given the
?ight to apply thoir taxes to any sehool
ihoy wished.
Mr. Patterson asked whether as a
sandidate for Governor,; he believed ho
jould havo been olected on a platform
>f abolishing tbo two-mill tax.
Govornor Evans confidently said that
to believed ho could. He had advo
jated it everywhere. It was a fact
.hat corporations and factories would
nake false returns and ho knew that
vhon any enterprise thought of coin
ng to tho State the first thing they
tskod about was whether there was
iny constitutional tax.
Senator Tillman said that tho cotn
nitteo had tried to find some way to
jet in Governor Evan's idea about
)eoplo voting their monoy to certain
ichools, but they couldn't do it.
Govornor Evans said if the eommit
eo couldn't that was no reason why it
houId try to Btop tho Legislature from
inding it. Who aro you ? ho continu
al ; who constituted you masters of
be people ? You aro but their sor
rants, and must trust them.
Senator Tillman interrupted ant1 said
f the peoplo ? couldn't trust us wo
vouldnot havo been hore.
Govornor Evans concluded his argu
nent by holding that tho Legislature
;ould bo trusted and thoy should bo in
his matter.
Ho was frequently interrupted and
tis time was extended.
"INAL DEBATE ON SUFFRAGE.
NO DIVISION Ol?' MANAGKRS.
-ie 11 at or Till mau Muk?s a Strong:
Klt'ort to Have Political l'nnies
lteprosented oil Klectiou Boards?
The Convention Voted Again-a
Him.
The contitutional convention was
engaged all tho morning in a lively
lobato on tho dispensary law. tho con
tention being over Mr. Patten's prop
osition to provent tho issuing of in
ductions of a crime. Tho dispensary
law permits a judge upon allidavits, to
put a man under u perpetual injunc
tion not to sell liquor. The mattor
was most exhaustively arguod through
out, all "heavy weights " of the con
vention taking a hand. Mr. George
D. Tillman scathingly rocouutod tho
deeds dono undor this provision of tho
dispensary law. Senator Tillman de
fended tho disponsary law in his most
pronounced style. Tho advooatos of
Mr. Patton's measure argued for tb.
preservation of the established princi
ple of the right of trial by the jury for
crime. The measure was linal ly killed
by a vote of 37 to 5)5.
At the night session tho suffrage ar
ticle was called up for a third reading,
and tho most roraarkable session since
the convention met then ensued.
After several inslgnitlcat amendments
had heon made, Senator Tillman
oll'cred this amendment of section 1 :
"Each of tho two political parties
casting tho highest number of votes at
tho preceding election shall havo re
presentation on tho board of managois
of election at each polling precinct and
on tho board of county canvassers in
oacb county."
Ab soon us ho put in this amudment
ho called tho previous question on the
wholo article. This was tho measure
that had boon strickon out boforo after
a big light.
Senator Tillman made a speech
which was the most earnest ouo ho
has yet made in the convention, to all
appearances, In tho favor of the bi
partisan board. His opponents said it
was a rouiarkablo speech and it creat
ed a profound sonsution, but it didn't
accomplish its purposo for ull that.
Ho said :
Mr. President: J do not desire to
mako a spooch. I moroly moan to
mako a Btatoment. Tho convention
will romombor tbat tho article as re
ported by tho commlttoo had this iden
tical provision In a ditTeront placo.
Tho othor ovening on tho motion, I be
lieve, of tho gentleman from Marlboro
and with only ono speech from tho
coramlttoe tho soctlon was strickon
out. Tho committee mot yesterday
afternoon and aftor tho careful con
sideration only with South Carolina,
but in connection with tho mattor from
a national standpoint, decided that
this convention cannot afford to put
itself on rocord ; the artlclo having
been brought In hero with this provis
ion in it that it will not help it thoro
and tho comraittoo are unanimous In
this that it should bo an integral part
of tho constitution. But it is not only
in deference to public opinion but for
our own solf-respeot and protection
that we arise to put it back there,
Suoh a provision is in almost overy
constitution of tho Unitad Statut
North of Mason and Dlxon's line
Every man who has boon reading th<
Northern press must realize that w<
are being watched from ono end o
this omntry to tne other. We are al
ready twitted with proposing to por
potuato trickoy and fraud and to strlki
i . down full Americun voters by our
1 median (nations aud machinery. Wo
i have only avowed our purpose to do
? certain things, but wo cannot openly
uvow tho purpose
We ask you not to stultify this body,
not to put it on record that, wo pro
pose to perpotuato the couuitions that
have existed in the past and wo think
you ought to give us some considera
tion. You invito attack from Con
gress, from tho Supremo Court of tho
United Statesand from ail the enemios
ol South Carolina aud all the enemies
of the South end nil tho friends of tho ?
negroos. Hut here 1? another con
sideration. Wo havo boou laboring so
long under tho incubus of negro domi
nation that in our efforts hero to rectify
our constitution and throw safeguards
around our sutTrago aud eleutious, wo
havo boon oblivious to tho fact that
wo aro making a constitution that is
unalterable and wo would leave it to
tho bauds of any party in South
Carolina that might in the future got
possession of tho machinery to cheat
white men, our equals and our follow
oitizons. I believe it is almost inevi
table, seeing that men aro born dif
fe rent, that thoy look at things through I
different speotaelos that we will havo
divisions among tho whites in this
State as there Is everywhere else
where there are free mon and that in
future wo will havo it, whito man
against white man, and the question
is aro we going to put it in the power
of ono sot of whlto mon to soo that
f their votes aro put In tho proper boxes
and aro counted. We aro hero to-diy
with :IU,000 odd on ono sido and 50,0UU
on tho other aud nothing but tho
patriotism of ono sido has kopt it from
appoaling to those corrupt votes and
overthrowing us. God forbid that wo
should so far divido as to bring on ,
this vote as a balance of power, but if
we should divido, wo should not put
it in tho powor of tho party in ollico j
to say " we havo all tho commissioners <
and managers ; you may put your votos
in but we will count thorn." Don't j
lot us who aro not in power forgot that (
tho wheels of political fortuno are j
always turning; that politics aro tho |
most uncertain ground that a man can j
walk on, see the changes in tho North. ,
Only throe years ago tho Democratic t
party swopt tho country with an ovor- t
whelming majority and now it is t
covered with defeat and disgrace t
Wo Reformers should put this clause t
horo for our own protection, for tho t
day may come whon our own voto may t
be jeopardized if wo do not provide for i
a representation on tho board of super- t
visors and manugors.
Mr. W. D. Bvans said ho wirhed to
tako tho same position that he took c
upon a previous occasion and ho did It c
to bo consistent. He is free from hypo- n
orisy. It looks to him like this com- 1
mitteo should bo consistent also. Why c
don't they say that the Governor shall r
appoint three discreet persons V Why t
don't they say tho managers should be h
divided botwoon the two political r
parties in tho last election ? t,
Mr. Tillman said there was but ono rJ
political party then. s
Mr. lOvans continued : " What's the \
use of dodging this question? The i
whito people aro going to carry tho \
eleotion and what's tho uso of throw- e
ing barriers in the way ? Why not
leave it to the Legislature? He had t
no fear about them doing right. He c
hoped the convention would not go t
back on their action because of news- i
paper criticism. Is it possible that 1
any man tninks anybody is the spokes- t
man of this body ? Ho hoped the |
amendment would bo stricken out. i
Mr. Floyd said bo had intended not i
to say a word, but when ho saw the i
great leader of tho Reform movement t
with all his prestige behind him, when t
I see him undertaking here at the |
scarce of tho press of tho Morth intro
ducing anything that refers to politi- i
eal parties 1 must stand on my feet to t
protest against it. It is unheard of i
that any constitution should recognize
any political party, but wo are here to l
givo thorn all jusiice and right and ]
when we havo done that wo have ao- (
complishod all we came hero to do, If ]
the voto of the people to-day was takon |
75 per cent, of them would be opposed ]
to that suffrage plan. Ho hoped that J
members would rise above criticism of |
press or party and recognize on Kjpub- ,
[loan principles and do justice to all. ?
That is what wo aro hero for and no |
more. 1
Mr. 15rail bam said be believed tho
commlttee)was right. Wo can afford to
give representation to tho other party.
Shall wo allow thotu to register and ,
refuso to givo the ropresention on tho
board of managers? Ho believed wo
could gi\ o them representation and
fair elections. Ho believed that the
white peoplo would divido, but they
.vould d< ma ml fair oloctlons. Ho
>'i.-,bi J they wore so divided now that
it would require a close count to deter
mine who had boon elected to every
ollij-o in t. o State. Ho wanted to see
every registered voter como forward
and cast his ballot without fear or
trouble
Mr. Buldt said hn was surprised to
8Co tho mutter injected again. To
mention political party is unwise and
unheard of in any constitution.
Mr. Hay Us worth baid wo are about
to take a step that will seeuro white
supremacy for years. We aro about
to turn down a voto that bung like a
incubus about us. When that is the
ease, why is it we can't pass this meas
ure? Don't lotus neglect to do what
is right in tho oyos of the civilized
world. Lot us not build around our
selves a veritable Chinese wall of prej
udice. Wo can't afford to do it. Wo
aro obliged to consider other people's
opinion. If wo don't do this we will
meet the condemnation of tho civil
i/.ud world.
Mr. Moore asked whether there was
such a provision in the Mississippi
constitution? Several members at tho
samo tlmo answered that there was
not.
Mr. Haynsworth hold that we can't
afford not to count votes cast in tho
ballot box.
Mr. liulst contondod it was provided
that no ballot should bo counted in
socrot.
Mr. Haynsworth nskod why thon
was it that anyono could object to this
amendment ?
Mr. McCalla said that Mr. Hayns
worth intimates that if thoro aro three
Democratic managers thoy will cheat,
steal and rob from tho othor party.
Ho and his peoplo aro not steeped in
fraud, ho said. Every election ho has
been a manager of bus been conducted
fairly and squarely. Those who cry
out most for fair oloe-tionp aro those
who gonorally aro stooped doopost In
fraud. Wo aro not horo to admit to
tho world that wo can't havo fair oloc -
tlons unloss both par Hob havo ropro
' ?? eolation.
Mr. Garris assorted that tho com
' mittoo had nothing but tho highest
1 purposos In offeting this amondtnont.
Thoy don't proposo to bo hypocritical.
' He hold that having a Hopuolican who
? could certify to tho fairness of oloc
tions it would go a groat way in assist
> ing our Democratic Congressmen in
> tho contests now being mado against
f thorn.
Mr. McGowan thought thoro was
? more fear about this thing than was
a nooossary. In the first placo, this
State- is going to bo oarrled by tho
white people, and in the second place
tbo Governor appoints the commiBsiou
I ors. Just as certain that this const i
i tution goes into tho court, tho faet that
' this proposition had been voted down
I twieo would act like a doublo-barrolled
shot-gun. It would bo suicidal. It
would do us ton times moro good than
burin to put it In.
Mr. Sbeppard said ho had been loyal
to tho Democratic party over since ho
could appreciate tho differences bo
twoeu uurtios. Me had always voted
the Democratic ticket, and as* a Demo
erat, be thought it the duty of the con
veution to puss the amenament. As u
citizen of tho State it was our duty, bo
said, to our constiuunts to auopt this
measure. Wo can not alTord to adopt
principles that do not receive the ap
proval of tho couutry at large. The
eyes of the whole country aro upon
this convention, und if we do not lay
down principles so broad, and gener
ous as to meet tho approval of the na
tional public, wo will fall far short of
our duty. We want to put in a pro
vision that in tho future our elections
shall meet tho moral approval of the
pooplo throughout the country. All
the people in this country will justify
us in upholding our supremacy if wo
do it in accordance with luw. We
must recognize that the United Statos
Courts will onforco tho principles of
the constitution. Wo can not fly in
tho face of Congress.
Mr. Llowoll hold that tho ellect of
this proposition would ho to revive tho
Republican party. It looks like child's
play to satisfy this party by saying
you shall have representation. If that
party or any other party has a ticket
t-hey have tho right to have witnesses
there to see that there is u proper
jount. We are not willing to trust the
Democratic party. If the white peo
ple do divido, and wo mean to bo
umcst, there is a way to settle our
llffloultles.
Senator Tillman said he could make
illowauco for heat and passion and
marges of hypocrisy that havo been
thrown in the teeth of tho committee
or some peoplo can only sco ono thing
md thoy see tho bugaboo of a ono no
,rro manager. What is the condition
>f Charleston V There is a desperate
itrugglu to control tho municipal gov
ernments. Four years ago there was
o much distrust, so much feeling, thut
hey couldn't get fair play, 1 had to
ake the factions by the throat and say
0 them there must bo fair elections.
(Vhat do wo see to-day 'i They oven
ofusod to go into tho Democratic pri
uavy."
Mr. Rogers sympathized with tho
ommittcc and undor ordinary eir
uinstances would like to sco tho pro
ision grafted permanently in our law.
hit wo must remember the peculiar
ondilions in South Carolina. If it is
ot meant to give negroes reprcscnta
lon what in heaven's name it it? You
,re making a bed by this vory thing to
nuke white people devido. You must
bink Northern people uro fools if thoy
ou"t see through this sham. Wo were
out here to disfranchise the negro if
lossible, yet tho gentlemen are urgu
ng that ho ought to bo entitled to re*
assentation in tho management of
lections.
Mr. Wm. Henderson closed against
he committee amendment. Wo have
oino here he said for white suproma
y, yet at tho same time wo dodge the
ssuo. Wo- hate to talk theso things,
tut wo might as well talk out. (Laugh
er.) 1 hate to sec our old leader now
Jruid of a mouse. Ho bus led the
leoplo right but he's getting mighty
aino now. (Laughter.) I mean no
ulleotion on linn, but he made a mis*
ake in trying to get this in. 1 have
he greatest confluence in him but he
las made a mistake this time.
The aye and nay vote was then taken
md resulted in the rejection of the
imcndmcnt by a vote of 71 to ?l us
ollows :
Yous?Anderson, Barke'*, Bates. Bel
inger, Berry, Brad ham, T. W. Bricc,
Bryan, Cantoy, Dudley, Farrow, Fraser,
Jage, Garris, J. L. Glenn, Harris,
laynsworth, I). S. Henderson, Henry,
lutson, George .lohnstono, J. W. Ken*
lcdy, ivlugh, Lee, McGowan, Miller,
Mitchell, Mower, Oliver, Otts, 1'at
lOrson, Button, Poako, Prince, Rags
lale, J. 11. Read, I. R. Reed, Rowland,
Sbeppard, Sloan, R. F. Smith, Strib
ing, Sullivan, B. R. Tillman, G. 1).
rnimun, Tlmmerman, VonKolnltz,
Wells, A. H. White, S. E. White,
vVigg.
Nays?Gov. Jno. Gary Evans, Presl*
icnt; Alexander, Ashe, AtkinPOU,
Austin, Barry, Barton, Bobo, Bow on,
Bowman, Breazoale, Buist, Burn, C >n
nor, Cunningham, Dollay, Dennis,
Durham, lO?rd, Estrldge, W. D. Evans,
Field, Fitch, Floyd, Gamble, Gary,
Qoodlng, Graham, Gray Gunter,
Hamid, Harrison, Hay, Hemphlil, Wm.
Henderson, Housor, Howell, T. E.
Johnson, 1. B .Jones, Wille .Jones. Kei tt.
E. J. Kennedy, Low man, McCalta,
McCaslau, MeCown, McDorniotte, Mc
Kagen, MoMahan, MeMakin, Me
White, Matthews, Moore, Murray,
l'arrott, I'erritte, Hogers, Boso
borough, Russell, Shulcr, Singlotaryj
?ligh, Smalls, W. ' . Smith, Sinouk,
Stack house, Stokes. Talbert, Taylor,
Waters, Watson, Wharlon, Winklor,
Woodward.
?Tho annual report of the Thorn
well Orphanage, Clinton, S. C, shows
that the institution is now twenty
years old and has grown to largo di
mensions in that time. Starting with
a r ' ' ing and no endow im nt,
Itnvru .mw a large tract of land, many
substantial buildings, a large techni
cal school und n seminury building
with chapel attached, a library and a
handsome now infirmary. There aro
in the orphanage 130 orphans, of whom
71 aro from South Carolina, IS from
Georgia and IIS from other States, in
cluding Michigan, Texas, Arkansas
and Missouri. There are live male
instructors and teachers including the
president, svitb six matrons and eight
lady toaohors and instructors in prac
tical work. Tho endowment fund now
amounts to $10,000, while the receipts
for the support fund for the year end
ing October 1, 1S??, wore $11,722.(ill,
somewhat less than tho receipts for
1804. The actual expenses amount to
$1,000 a month, yet tlie salaries of six
teen ollicers only foot up (2,100.50 for
the year.
-?? ? ? ^T****??
?Mr. Goorgo B. Croiuor, of New
berry, has been elected prouident of
New berry College, to succeed tho lato
Goorgo W. Holland. Mr. Cromor is
about :>??> years of ago, and an alumnus
of Nowborry Collogo, graduating in
1877. In 1SS1 ho wl * admitted to tho
bar and becaino a la' partner of Col.
George .lohnstono, and has continued
in that practice ovor sinco. His ability
is widely recognized and much Is ex
pocted of his administration. Nuw
borry Collogo is under tho uusplccs of
tho Lutherun churjh, ami its career
has boen full of usefulness. Ho has
accepted und will enter upon tho dis
charge of duty in his now position tho
first of January.
In 1700 there woro 0,000,000 pounds
of cotton oxported from the United
States. The first exportation took
place from tho port of Savannah, Ca.,
whloh consisted of ten bales.
SPEAKER ORISP ON SILVER.
HE DECLARES l*X>K BOTH MET
ALS.
Ho Waul- Aiti.-i to i < . JHP** "H
naiicc as Iii independence?A studio
Standard Mcutis LOW l*rUres ami
il.ii.l Tillies.
10x-Speukor Crisp has made a eeoh
before a joint sessiou of the Sotlato
und House of the Georgia Legislature.
He bus been invited to address the
Legislature on the political issues of
the day but confined himself almost
exclusively to the silver question,
coming out emphatically for the froe
coinage of both gold ami silver at the
present ratio, and arguing that the
United States with her seventy mil
lion of people Was sufficiently powerful
to establish bimetallism the world
over.
His speech was received with the
greatest enthusiasm. Mr. Crisp began
by stating that of course it was under
stood he spoke as a Democrat. The
Democratic party was horn with tho
government. It stands for certain
principles, local self-government,
economy in public affairs, equal rights
to all and special privileges to none,
for a low tariff, "and in my judg
ment," he said, "it has always stood
for bimetallism, and upon that subject
I intend to epotlk. Anything short of
tho equality of the two metals at the
mint is not bimetallism.
Mr. Crisp then went into the history
jf the coinage laws. In IS73, be said,
when silver was demonetized, the bull
ion yalue of the silver dollat was three
?out-, more than the bullion value of a
fold dollar. The law of "Til was passed
without the full knowledge of the poo
do or their representatives. Ho
luoted from Thurman, Allison, of
owa, Garliold, Blalne, Heck and
ithers to show that the full character
if the bill was not known, that it was
lot known at the time, that the bill d?j'
nonetized silver. lie followed
vitb an announcement that from *g
ay to this the majority of tho 1).
ratio party hau been working
iiibiliate Bllwir. The singU
tandard wurr (n Ec o (TtjticmfHrwiK
Ho analyzed every vote on the silviV?th
[Uestion taken in Congress since 1 HT.'l
nil showed that a majority of Demo
rats bad voted every time for the free
oinage of silver, except in ISP.'! when
be proposition to repeal the Sherman
aw was up and at that time it was bo
ausu they expected to have an oppor
Unity to vote subsequently for such a
leasure. And even then there wore
nit two Democratic majority. Tho
inglo gold standard has mot with tho
pproval of tho majority of Democrats
f this country, be assorted. There
as no advantage in having silver as a
loney, ho said, unless it stood upon its
wn foot.
Ho stated lie did not intend to say
hat a man who favored the single
old standard was not a Democrat, but
edid mean to say that the vast major
ity of the Democratic party had always
een in favor of the bimetallic stand
id.
Mr. Crisp exhibited a small piece of
liver bullion which he explained
ould not be used as money in any way.
t could not bo used with which to
lurchaso commodities, but if there was
, law allowing it to be taken to a mint
,nd coined then everybody would want
t. Ho agreed that t he value of a sil
or dollar should h? a dollar. The
?ay to establish the commercial value
f silver was to restore it by loglsla
lon to a money .-tandard. to rohablli
ate it. Coin it at the. ratio of 1(1 to I :
hat would re-establish its commercial
aluo. (Groat appluuso.)
lie Illustrated by showing that whon
he Senate passed a free coinage bill
overal yoars ago. tho bullion value ol
ilver rose cents an ounce in ten
lays in the London market.
.Ofl need n >t bo ' bon-ive of
my llood ol silver, he announeed.
Chore was no country in tho world
bat would ship its silver here to e.\
ihango it for gold. Wo bad gained
fold under the operation of tho Bland
Vllison law and under tho Sherman
aw. He boliovod that the United
States was sufficiently powerful to
istablish a ratio between gold and
diver. Gold ho held was too valuable
le claimed gold had appreciated and
irgucd his claim b.v comparing Its
mrchasing power in commodities now
i ml before tho domo.h dz ition of silver.
'* Our people phoulii bo tho pioneer*
n rastorinfj u in ?ioy metal which has
D30H Used for till tillio, but recent y
stricken down. The stump upon a sil
ver dollar docs not malt i t inoro valua
de in another country, i ut lb*.' rijj 'i
if the silvor to be so slumped Increases
its bullion value." In p-uking of toe
value of cotton, he said, hal though
tho cotton crop a] pc< i ;>; I per
Mini, in tho decade hefon til ? war. the
price increase d I ? i i r e int. Though
the crop Incroasod up I > i*<'<?'>. t.u* pviico
also increased, but ufli r IS1H the price
at cotton depreciated bo Aiuo ol tao
appreciating value <>t ?.? >. I.
tie road from tli ? Nnv? ui'nr report
of tho Treasury to i ioi I nut. i n rovm
$75,000,000 loss inoiie.v In circulation
now than one year U'jfo. All things
being equal tho price of commodities
is regulaated by tho .'. nountof money
in the, world, lie argued against pa
por money because h gislativu bodies
might bo tempted at limes to I nil ate
the currency.
In speaking of the llnal result of'the
light for free silver he said that he re
membered when forty Democrats hai
stood up in Congress and voted against
tariff reform. Uy their aid the He
publicans had stricken out the enacting
clause of the Morrison bill. But the
Democratic party had h ion persistent
in tho light and had llnally won. , Thoy
liad not gotten all they wanted, but
the tariff laws now were infinitely su
perior to the law.-, of a few years ago.
Under the present linuncial system tue
wages of labor had gone, down. The
Republican cxporlinont of asinglogold
standard had not worked to the bcnclit
of the people of business. Lotus re
turn to the bimetallism of tho Demo
cratic fathers, look around you and
you will Und in our poverty a monu
ment of the single gold standard.
In speaking of the next Democratic
national convention he said Georgia
should doll no her position cn this fi
nancial question. Onoof thoquostlons
to be docidod was tho rotlromont of
tho $500.000,000 of paper money. If
the single gold standard is to be per
petuuted that money mtisl bo r< tired.
In the Democratic, convention ho be
lieved that the views of those people
I who elect a I'resident should dictate
. tho platform.
Ho vigorously opposed tho bond
K>lioy of the administration. E-Ie bo?
loved the Treasury should have paid
OUtsilvor when the gold run was made
upon it. That would have stopped the
I raid. England dictated the gold policy.
Tho United States had the power to
chango it now?to establish bimetallism
throughout tho world. If the United
States would go forward in financial
loglsiation as it had gone forward in
Its fight for liberty one hundred yoars
ago,-it would render to mankind at
larg", a greater blessing than was
1 rendered when wo taught them that a
people could govorn themselves.