Structure/Function/Location: 46

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testis

Structure: consist of highly coiled tubes called seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells, scattered in connective tissue between the tubules

Function: male reproductive organ, or gonad, in which sperm and reproductive hormones are produced

Location: located in a sac of skin known as the scrotum, where they descend to after formation in the abdomen

epidydimis

Structure: highly coiled duct that is 6-m long

Function: sperm are stored here and also gain motility in here; during ejaculation

Location: sits atop the testes in the scrotum

Vas (ductus) deferens

Structure: straight tube that leads from the epidydims into the seminal vesicle

function: joins a duct from the seminal vesicle to form the short ejaculatory duct; sperm use this tube to travel from the epidydimis to the urethra

Location: each vas deferens extends around and behind the urinary bladder; one from each epidydimis

Seminal vesicles

Structure: 2 glands

Function: contributes 70% to volume of sperm; produce a yellowish liquid high in fructose, mucus, a coagulating enzyme, prostaglandins, and absorbic acid; fructose provides energy for the movement of the flagella

Location: behind bladder; at the base of the bladder and connected to the prostate

Ejaculatory ducts

Structure: short tube; vas deferens joins a duct from the seminal vesicle to form this short tube

Function: opens into the urethra

Location: between the vas deferens and urethra

Prostate Gland

Structure: single gland; walnut-sized; has series of ducts leading right into urethra

Function: secretes an acid-neutralizing component of semen; secretes a milky secretion that helps neutralize the acidity of the sperm environment; contributes 25% to semen

Location: under the urinary bladder

Bulbourethral glands

Structure: small glands (pair) with a duct that releases into the urethra

Function: secretes mucus that neutralizes any acidic urine remaining in the urethra and neutralizes the acidity of the vaginal tract; mucus provides a coating and lubricates the top of the penis for intercourse

Location: along the urethra below the prostate; near base of penis

Urethra

Structure: single tube that is part of the urinary system in females, and part of both the reproductive and urinary system in males

Function: in general, it transports urine; in male, it also transports semen

Location: located in the corpus spongiosum of the penis and has an opening in the female reproductive system leading to the outside

Penis

Structure: copulatory organ made mostly of erectile tissue with three cylinders of spongy erectile tissue; main shaft is covered by thick skiin; the head (glans) is much thinner and is more sensitive; the human glans is covered by a fold of skin called the prepuce

Function: the erectile tissue fills with blood allowing sealing off of the veins and an erection that enables the penis to enter the vagina and place the sperm in the female's body

Location: outside the body

Corpus Spongiosum

Structure: a cylinder of erectile tissue within the penis (the center cylinder)

Function: provides the passageway through which the urethra runs through

Location: in the penis; middle column

Ovary

Structure: not orderly like testes: follicles are haphazardly arranged in connective tissue; no productive covering

outside: cells called germinal epithelium

contains hundreds of immature follicles; not confluent with the rest of the system; not joined, just in close proximity

Structure: infundibulum, ampulla, and the isthmus; a tube passing from the ovary to the vagina in invertebrates or to the uterus in vertebrates; ciliated mucus membrane with a muscular wall; dimensions vary along length, with the inside diameter near the uterus being narrow

Function: transport egg into uterus; transport sperm to egg

Location: extends from the uterus toward each ovary

Uterus

Structure: thick, muscular organ that can expand during pregnancy to accommodate a 4-kg fetus; its wall consists of the endometrium, myometrium, and the perimetrium; neck of the uterus is the cervix; single-pear shaped organ with three parts: fundus, body, cervix

Function: house embryo; contributes to formation of the placenta and houses developing fetus until ready for birth

Location: located in the female pelvis between urinary bladder anteriorly and the rectum posteriorly

Vagina

Structure: muscular but elastic chamber

Function: site for insertion of the penis and deposition of sperm during copulation; serves as birth canal through which baby is born

Location: extends from the cervix of the uterus to the external genitalia (vulva)

Pudendum or vulva

Structure: contain the labia majora, which enclose and protect the rest of the vulva, the labia minora; two hole openings, the vaginal and urethral; labia minora, clitoris, hymen

Function: collective term for the external genitalia

Location:located on the external part of body

First Polar Body

structure: 1n/2n nucleus

Function: remove a set of homologs from the developing egg Get rid of a set of chromosomes

Location: ovary

Second Polar Bodies

Structure: 1n/1n (small cell)

Function: because of eccentric location of nucleus, it reduces the set of sister chromatids from the secondary oocyte, leaving a completely haploid egg

Corpus Luteum

Structure:

the healing of the ruptured follicle

(Graffian) to form the corpus luteum (the yellow body), Which are the follicle cells that remained in the ovary after the oocyte and some of its follicle cells are released