Brief History of Philippine Policing System

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Transcript of Brief History of Philippine Policing System

20001900Brief History of the Philippine Policing SystemGeneral Howard TaftThe Americans established the United States Philippine Commission headed by General Howard Taft as first governor-general. On January 9, 1901, the Metropolitan Police Force of Manila was organized pursuant to Act No. 70 of the Taft Commission. This has become the basis for the celebration of the anniversary of the Manila’s Finest every January 9th.RA 4864Otherwise known as the Police Professionalization Act of 1966, enacted on September 8, 1966; created the Police Commission (POLCOM) as a supervisory agency to oversee the training and professionalization of the local police forces under the office of the President; later POLCOM was renamed into National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM)Executive Order 389 Ordered that the Philippine Constabulary be one of the four services of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, enacted on December 23, 1940, Post-American period.Executive Order No. 1012 – transferred to the city and municipal government the operational supervision and direction over all INP units assigned within their locality; issued on March 22, 1985AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE UNDER A REORGANIZED DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSESRA 6975 - Otherwise known as the Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990, enacted on December 13, 1990; reorganized the DILG and established the Philippine National Police, Bureau of Fire Protection, Bureau of Jail Management and Penology and the Philippine Public Safety CollegeRA 8551 – otherwise known as the Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998, enacted on February 25, 1998; this law amended certain provisions of RA 6975.AN ACT EXTENDING FOR FIVE (5) YEARS THE REGLEMENTARY PERIOD FOR COMPLYING WITH THE MINIMUM EDUCATION QUALIFICATION FOR APPOINTMENT TO THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP) AND ADJUSTING THE PROMOTION SYSTEM THEREOF, AMENDING FOR THE PUROPOSE PERTINENT PROVISIONS OF THE REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6975 AND REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8551 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSESRA 9708 – law amending the provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 on the minimum education qualification for appointment to the PNP and adjusting promotion system; approved on 12 August 2009 The institution of police in the Philippines formally started during Spanish period. The establishment of the police was not entirely intended for crime prevention nor peacekeeping. Rather, it was created as an extension of the colonial military establishment.Guardrilleros/CuardilloThis was a body of rural police organized in each town and established by the Royal Decree of 18 January 1836; this decree provided that 5% of the able-bodied male inhabitants of each province were to be enlisted in the police organization for three yearsAncient RootsThe forerunner of the contemporary police system was the practice of barangay chieftain to select able-bodied young men to protect their barangay during the night. Among the duties of those selected were to protect the properties of the people in the barangay and protect their crops and livestock from wild animal.Spanish period1700Carabineros de Seguridad PublicaOrganized in 1712 for the purpose of the carrying the regulations of the department of state; this was armed and considered as the mounted police; years after, this kind of police organization discharged the duties of a port, harbor and river police1800Guardia CivilThis was created by Royal Decree issued by the Crown on 12 February 1852 to partially relieve the Spanish Peninsular troops of their work in policing towns; it consisted of a body of Filipino policemen organized originally in each of the provincial capitals of the Central provinces of Luzon under the Alcalde MayorAmerican period1901Act no. 175 – entitled “An Act Providing for the Organization and Government of an Insular Constabulary”, enacted on July 18, 1901Capt. Henry Allen – the first chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1901Act no. 193 – created the Manila Police Department, enacted on July 31, 1901Capt. George Curry – the first chief of police of the Manila Police Department in 1901Act no. 255 – the act that renamed the Insular Constabulary into Philippine Constabulary, enacted on October 3, 1901Marshall LawperiodPD 765Otherwise known as the Integration Act of 1975, enacted on August 8, 1975; established the Integrated National Police (INP) composed of the Philippine Constabulary (PC) as the nucleus and the integrated local police forces as components, under the Ministry of National Defense- transferred the NAPOLCOM from the office of the President to the Ministry of National DefensePost-Marshall LawRegimeExecutive Order No 1040 – transferred the administrative control and supervision of the INP from the Ministry of National Defense to the National Police Commission. Issued on July 10, 1985PROVIDING MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE ADMINISTRATIVE AND OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR MAINTAINING PEACE AND ORDER AT THE PROVINCIAL, CITY AND MUNICIPAL LEVELSTRANSFERRING THE NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION TO THE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENTAN ACT ESTABLISHING THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE UNDER A RE-ORGANIZED DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSESImportant Filipino personalities In the Evolution of the Philippine PolicingBrig. Gen Rafael Crame- The first Filipino Chief of thePhilippine Constabulary in 1917Col. Antonio Torres - The first Filipino Chief of Police of the Manila Police Department on March 2, 1936Col. Lamberto Javalera - The first Chief of Police of the Manila Police Department after the Philippine Independence from the United States of America on July 4, 1946P/DG Cesar Nazareno - The first Chief of the Philippine National Police (PNP)