We report a case of erosion of the ureter by a prosthetic vascular graft subsequent to an ileofemoral bypass. The diagnosis, etiology, and management from both vascular and urologic points of view are discussed, and the available literature is reviewed. Therapeutic principles include early intervention, ureteric reconstruction or ureteronephrectomy depending on circumstances, removal of prosthesis and delayed vascular reconstruction if feasible to avoid contamination, or revascularization with extraanatomic bypass if urgent.