Short essay on the relation between Science and Society

Notably, the difference between those who favor one approach or another is based on value judgments. It is a philosophical difference of opinion relating to the appropriate role of scientists in society for which there is no clear scientific answer. However, the different approaches do have potentially significant implications for how effectively science can contribute to the broader society and how others in society will view science. There are opportunities and risks associated with each approach.

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Impact of Science on Society short essay | Science | Theory

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Of Interest : Impact of Science on Society Essay - Free

Popper’s critique of both historicism and holism is balanced, on thepositive side, by his affirmation of the ideals of individualism andmarket economics and his strong defence of the open society—theview, again, that a society is equivalent to the sum of its members,that the actions of the members of society serve to fashion and toshape it, and that the social consequences of intentional actions arevery often, and very largely, unintentional. This part of his socialphilosophy was influenced by the economist Friedrich Hayek, who workedwith him at the London School of Economics and who was a life-longfriend. Popper advocated what he (rather unfortunately) terms‘piecemeal social engineering’ as the central mechanismfor social planning—for in utilising this mechanism intentionalactions are directed to the achievement of one specific goal at atime, which makes it possible to monitor the situation to determinewhether adverse unintended effects of intentional actions occur, inorder to correct and readjust when this proves necessary. This, ofcourse, parallels precisely the critical testing of theories inscientific investigation. This approach to social planning (which isexplicitly based upon the premise that we do not, because we cannot,know what the future will be like) encourages attempts to put rightwhat is problematic in society—generally-acknowledged socialills—rather than attempts to impose some preconceived idea ofthe ‘good’ upon society as a whole. For this reason, in agenuinely open society piecemeal social engineering goes hand-in-handfor Popper with negative utilitarianism (the attempt tominimise the amount of misery, rather than, as with positiveutilitarianism, the attempt to maximise the amount of happiness). Thestate, he holds, should concern itself with the task of progressivelyformulating and implementing policies designed to deal with the socialproblems which actually confront it, with the goal of eliminatinghuman misery and suffering to the highest possible degree. Thepositive task of increasing social and personal happiness, bycontrast, can and should be left to individual citizens (whomay, of course, act collectively to this end), who, unlike the state,have at least a chance of achieving this goal, but who in a freesociety are rarely in a position to systematically subvert the rightsof others in the pursuit of idealised objectives. Thus in the finalanalysis for Popper the activity of problem-solving is as definitiveof our humanity at the level of social and political organisation asit is at the level of science, and it is this key insight whichunifies and integrates the broad spectrum of his thought.

Science, Technology, and Society Essay - 733 Words

Karl Popper is generally regarded as one of the greatest philosophersof science of the 20th century. He was also a social and politicalphilosopher of considerable stature, a self-professedcritical-rationalist, a dedicated opponent of all forms of scepticism,conventionalism, and relativism in science and in human affairsgenerally and a committed advocate and staunch defender of the‘Open Society’. One of the many remarkable features ofPopper’s thought is the scope of his intellectual influence: hewas lauded by Bertrand Russell, taught Imre Lakatos, Paul Feyerabendand the future billionaire investor and philanthropist George Soros atthe London School of Economics, numbered David Miller, Joseph Agassi,Alan Musgrave and Jeremy Shearmur amongst his research assistantsthere and had reciprocally beneficial friendships with the economistFriedrich Hayek and the art historian Ernst Gombrich. Additionally,Peter Medawar, John Eccles and Hermann Bondi are amongst thedistinguished scientists who have acknowledged their intellectualindebtedness to his work, the latter declaring that “There is nomore to science than its method, and there is no more to its methodthan Popper has said.”

Social Science History: Society and Science History TimeLine

Other scientists argue that membership in society confers a right or even a responsibility to engage more actively in civic discussions. Scientists possess specialized knowledge relating to societally relevant topics and best understand how to integrate that knowledge into decision making, this argument goes. Direct participation increases the likelihood that society will make choices that help manage risks and realize opportunities.

Science and technology and society essay

Graetz earned a B.A. in physics from Occidental College in 1998 and an M.S. and Ph.D. in materials science from the California Institute of Technology (CIT) in 2000 and 2003, respectively. He was a postdoctoral fellow at CIT in 2003 and at Brookhaven Lab, from 2004 to 2006. He joined the staff of Brookhaven as an assistant materials scientist in 2006 and was promoted to associate materials scientist in 2007. Graetz is a U.S. expert in hydrogen storage for the International Energy Agency and was the recipient of 2006 Ewald Wicke Award for his work in physical chemistry of metal hydrides. He has co-authored 24 peer-reviewed publications and holds four patent applications.

/ Essay on science society and environment

Pretty much everything we do in our daily lives consists of science underlying it. From using a simple calculator, to closing of the door as well as using bigger washing machines, the entire world is made of science and its numerous innovations have only made it easier for us to spend our lives more comfortably than ever. Without science and its inventions, the society will surely reach the stone ages and we will no longer be able to live a sophisticated life. Imagine your life without electricity, fuel, vehicles and plastic, pretty incomplete right? So here are a few uses of science in our everyday life.