to monitor people -- to keep the public under surveillance (动词转名词词组同义替换)

# 方法2 换语序

Solar energy is becoming more and more popular as a source of household energy

-- Solar power as a source of domestic household energy is becoming more desirable

# 方法3 换词性

globalised world – globalization (形容词—名词)

# 方法4 换语法

1) 主被动转换

…to monitor people -- the people being monitored…

security cameras is increasingly being used to monitor what people are saying and doing

-- security cameras are recording the movements of ordinary citizens

2) 其它语法形式转变

people are living longer -- people have become used to the idea that they will probably live longer (时态转变)

an increasing number of people are suffering from health problems as a result of eating too much fast food

-- The growth of the fast food industry has, without doubt, impacted on the eating habits and the health (因果关系转变)

# 方法5 同意转换或意义拓展

work for the same organization -- remain in the same organization (同义转换)

over the past thirty years -- in recent years (同义转换)

Nowadays -- In recent years -- In the 21st century (同义转换)

In some countries -- of many societies around the world (同义转换)

have more opportunity to study abroad -- have many more options regarding how and where to find that knowledge. (同义转换)

practical degree courses -- science, engineering or media (意义具体化拓展)

philosophy and history -- arts subjects文科 (意义概括化拓展)

以下是红、蓝两本OG中的范文，看一看结合具体题目如何综合运用以上方法吧。

Some people work for the same organization all their working life. Others think that it is better to work for different organizations.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. (practice test 1-blue version)

For most people, when they get their first job they have little idea whether or not they will remain in the same organization throughout their working life. If they decide to change, they need to consider how this will impact on their career overall.

One of the consequences of improved medical care is that people are living longer and life expectancy is increasing.

Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages? (practice test 2-blue version)

Over the past 50 years, people have become used to the idea that they will probably live longer than their grandparents did. However, a longer life is only desirable if you can look after yourself and be independent, otherwise there can be disadvantages for everyone.

Car ownership has increased so rapidly over the past thirty years that many cities in the world are now “one big traffic jam”.

How true do you think this statement is?

What measures can governments take to discourage people from using their cars? (practice test 3-blue version)

Most people would agree that car ownership has increased in recent years and is causing a range of problems, particularly in built-up areas. I think there are a number of ways that governments can aim to deal with this.

In some countries an increasing number of people are suffering from health problems as a result of eating too much fast food. It is therefore necessary for governments to impose a higher tax on this kind of food.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? (practice test 4-blue version)

The growth of the fast food industry has, without doubt, impacted on the eating habits and the health of many societies around the world. Diabetes, high cholesterol, heart and respiratory problems are all on the rise due to fatty and sugar-rich food. However, the question is whether higher tax would improve this situation or not.

Nowadays technology is increasingly being used to monitor what people are saying and doing (for example, through cellphone tracking and security cameras). In many cases, the people being monitored are unaware that this is happening.

Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages? (practice test 5-blue version)

In recent years, advances in technology have allowed governments, the police and privately owned companies to keep the public under constant surveillance. In many major cities and towns, security cameras are recording the movements of ordinary citizens. Whenever a cellphone is used, the call is logged, so the service provider knows exactly when and where the user made the call. Invisible satellites orbit the earth, watching us whether we like it or not. Is this, however, a development we should welcome?

In the past, when students did a university degree, they tended to study in their own country. Nowadays, they have more opportunity to study abroad.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of this development? (practice test 6-blue version)

The pursuit of knowledge is a concept that is valued by most cultures. In the 21st century, we now have many more options regarding how and where to find that knowledge.

Solar energy is becoming more and more popular as a source of household energy in many countries around the world.

Why is this?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of solar energy? (practice test 2- red version)

Solar power as a source of domestic household energy is becoming more desirable because many individuals and governments are concerned that burning fossil fuels adds carbon to the atmosphere and thus accelerates global warming and climate change.

Rising university fees and scarce employment prospects for graduates have led some people to say that universities should not teach arts subjects, like philosophy and history, and only offer practical degree courses that maximize chances of employment.

To what extent do you agree or disagree? (practice test 3- red version)

Students spend a great deal of time and money on tertiary study; therefore, vocational subjects would be a better investment in terms of immediate job opportunities. However, not everyone has an aptitude for science, engineering or media, and there is a need for graduates with expertise gained from arts courses.

Most people accept that we now live in a globalised world but not everyone agrees that this is beneficial.

To what extent is globalization a positive or negative development? (practice test 4- red version)

Globalization is here to stay, driven by advances in information technology and resulting in scientific, technological and economic progress and increased international trade and investment.