Exercise affects the menstrual cycle by elevating the metabolism. Metabolism is responsible for essentially sustaining chemical reactions in the body like menstruation. When a woman exercises regularly, she increases her muscle endurance and flexibility. This, in turn, causes reactions elsewhere, too. The heart, digestive-tract and muscles in the uterine wall become stronger. The added strength also stimulates estrogen production. A woman needs estrogen to ovulate, and build the lining of her uterus. This process ultimately prepares her body for pregnancy.

On the other hand, too much exercise can adversely affect the menstrual cycle causing dramatic irregularity. Female athletes often experience irregular menstrual cycles due to loss of body fat. The body may also interpret very heavy exercise as an abnormality, which may stop a menstrual cycle entirely.

Though menstruation can cause some unpleasant symptoms like cramps and bloating that make you feel like not doing much of anything, exercise can actually be beneficial and helpful at this time of the month. In fact, exercise can help get rid of cramps, headaches and bloating caused by menstruation. Physical activity releases endorphins into the body, which can improve your mood and get rid of feelings of depression or anxiety.