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If a byte holds one character and it has 8 bits, and a bit can either be true or false, then there are 2 ^ 8 possible characters for a byte. (that is 256).

So in fact a byte has the possibility to hold A-Z, 0-9, latin characters, the Chinese alphabet, Wingdings-like symbols, and more. 'Text' certainly does not mean only A-Z.

"Image - Vector map, Bitmap"

In real life (outside of Microsoft), there is no 'image' data type. Image is just the way bytes are interpreted to be displayed. When you store an image in the database, you just store the bytes of it; a list of bytes. Same for any file or any data you put into the record. And it is no different if you store a vector or a bitmap because it is just the bytes of that data.