Astrophysics > Solar and Stellar Astrophysics

Title:Solar-type dynamo behaviour in fully convective stars without a tachocline

Abstract: In solar-type stars (with radiative cores and convective envelopes), the
magnetic field powers star spots, flares and other solar phenomena, as well as
chromospheric and coronal emission at ultraviolet to X-ray wavelengths. The
dynamo responsible for generating the field depends on the shearing of internal
magnetic fields by differential rotation. The shearing has long been thought to
take place in a boundary layer known as the tachocline between the radiative
core and the convective envelope. Fully convective stars do not have a
tachocline and their dynamo mechanism is expected to be very different,
although its exact form and physical dependencies are not known. Here we report
observations of four fully convective stars whose X-ray emission correlates
with their rotation periods in the same way as in Sun-like stars. As the X-ray
activity - rotation relationship is a well-established proxy for the behaviour
of the magnetic dynamo, these results imply that fully convective stars also
operate a solar-type dynamo. The lack of a tachocline in fully convective stars
therefore suggests that this is not a critical ingredient in the solar dynamo
and supports models in which the dynamo originates throughout the convection
zone.