XANTEN –
Town of Rhenish Prussia, in the district of Düsseldorf. Like most Rhenish towns, Xanten had a Jewish community in early medieval times. Two massacres of Jews occurred during the First Crusade (June 1 and 27, 1096). On the latter...

XERES (JEREZ) DE LA FRONTERA –
City in the Spanish province of Cadiz. It had a Jewish community with a separate Juderia as early as the time of the Moors. When Alfonso X., the Wise, conquered the city in Oct., 1264, he assigned houses and lands to the Jews....

XERXES –
Son of Darius, King of Persia (485-465 B.C.). His name, which is Khshayarsha in Persian, Ikhshiyarshu (with variants) in Babylonian, and Ξέρξης in Greek, frequently occurs, in the Old Testament. It is often written with ו...

XIMENES DE CISNEROS –
Spanish priest, statesman, regent, and grand inquisitor; born 1436; died 1517. He studied in Rome, and upon his return to Spain was appointed confessor to Queen Isabella of Castile. In 1507 the pope invested him with the dignity...

XIMENES, SIR MORRIS (MOSES) –
Born at London about 1762; died there after 1830. He was a member of the London Exchange, where he made a large fortune. In 1802 he was elected a warden of the Bevis Marks Synagogue, but declined to accept; and on being fined he...

XYSTUS –
A building in Jerusalem, erected, as is shown by the name, in the Hellenistic period, probably under the Herodians. The term properly denotes a covered colonnade in the gymnasia, although the Romans employed the word "xystus" to...