Tda 2.1 Describe the Expected Pattern of Development from Birth to 19 Years to Include, Physical, Communication and Intellectual, Social, Emotional and Behavioural Development

1.1 Describe the expected pattern of children and young peoples development from birth to 19 years to include:-

* Physical Development
* Communication and Intellectual development
* Social , emotional and behavioural development

A child’s development can be measured through physical and language milestones, intellectual, emotional and social development. Each child follows a similar pattern, but each child can vary in their development and reach milestones at different times in their development. This is called the Holistic Process.

In general, child development progresses:- * From head to toe, beginning at the top of the body and gradually moving downwards. * From inner to outer. Firstly gaining control of muscles close to the trunk/head and then moving outwards so the large muscles in the shoulders and upper arms/thighs are first and the extremities last. * From simple to complex, children progress from simple words to complex sentences. * From general to specific, emotional responses involve the whole body in young babies but may involve only the face in an older child.

Physical development includes movement skills, gross and fine motor skills, eye - hand co-ordination and general coordination. There is also a significant increase in muscular strength.

From birth to 3 months babies have very little control over their bodies and much of their time is spent sleeping, although this is a very fast growth period for physical development. Their first movements are reflex, for example, suckling, grasping a finger. Gradually baby will start to lift its head and gradual movements of the arms and legs become smoother. The grasp reflex is decreased as the hand-eye coordination develops.

From 3 - 9 months babies will begin to gain control of their neck muscles and their eyes will follow people and objects around the room. They may begin to sit up unaided and start to crawl/shuffle. The pincer grab will form and they may be happy to play alone for short periods of time.

Piaget described this stage from birth to approximately 2 years as a period of rapid cognitive growth. Initially equipped with a set of reflex movements and a set of perceptual systems, the infant quickly begins to build up direct knowledge of the world around it by relating physical actions to perceived results. www.simplypsychology.org/sensorimotor.html by Saul McLeod, published 2010, accessed 06/02/2013Stages of Cognitive Development Stage | Characterised by |

Sensori-motor (Birth-2 yrs) | Differentiates self from objects Recognises self as agent of action and begins to act intentionally: e.g. pulls a string to set mobile in motion or shakes a rattle to make a noise Achieves object permanence: realises that things continue to exist even when no longer present to the sense (pace Bishop Berkeley) | Pre-operational

(2-7 years) | Learns to use language and to represent objects by images and words Thinking is still egocentric: has difficulty taking the viewpoint of others Classifies objects by a single feature: e.g. groups together all the red blocks regardless of shape or all the square blocks regardless of colour | Concrete operational

(7-11 years) | Can think logically about objects and events Achieves conservation of number (age 6), mass (age 7), and weight (age 9) Classifies objects according to several features and can order them in series along a single dimension such as size. | Formal operational

(11 years and up) | Can think logically about abstract propositions and test hypotheses systemtically Becomes concerned with the hypothetical, the future, and ideological problems |

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...﻿TDA2.1 (1.1) Abbie Oldfield
Stages of DevelopmentBirthPhysicalDevelopment:
At birth, babies lie on their back with their head to one side, also known as the Supine position.
When they are on their front, they have their head to one side and tend to stick their bum out and tuck their knees in.
When a baby is held up by a hand, their head drops back and they partly bend their arms and legs.
Babies often have their hands tightly closed, clenched in a fist with their thumb tucked in under their fingers.
Sensory Development:
A baby will stare at bright shiny objects, and blink in response to the sound of a particular movement.
They recognise their carer’s voice, but can’t hear sounds that are too soft, and are startled by loud ones.
Babies also open their eyes and quieten when they are held upright.
They prefer to be held close, comforted, stroked or rocked and enjoy skin-to-skin contact.
Reflexes:
When anything is put into a baby’s mouth, they will automatically suck and attempt to swallow it.
When just one side of the cheek or mouth is touched they will immediately turn their heads in search for food.
If you place your finger or an object into the baby’s hand, it causes automatic grip, and pulling away will make the baby’s grasp even stronger.
When held upright, tilting forward, with their feet on a firm surface, babies will make...

...
Task Child and young person development (CYPD)
1. Know the main stages of child and young person development
1.1 Describe the expectedpattern of children’s developmentfrombirth to 19years, to include: a. Physicaldevelopment b. Communication and intellectualdevelopment, c. Social, emotional and behaviouraldevelopment.
PhysicaldevelopmentCommunication and intellectualdevelopmentSocial, emotional and behaviouraldevelopment
0 – 3 years
New born babies have little control over their bodies. Their movement depends on series of reflexes, as they get older they start to develop series of movements and actions called the ‘gross motor skills’ such as crawling, sitting, grabbing, pointing, running rolling, hopping, jumping, and so on.
In their second year, children should have better ability to control their movement.
In their third year, children would start to develop some ‘fine motor skills’ such as painting, colouring, and scribbling. They would enjoy looking at, and turning the pages of books. At this age they...

...evidence Attachments
TDA 2.1.1
ac[1.1a]
Describe the expectedpattern of children and young people's developmentfrombirth to 19years, to include:
- physicaldevelopment
When looking at the expectedpattern of children and young peoples developmentfrombirth to 19years, it is important to remember that each child will develop and grow at different rates. Reaching milestones at a more advanced pace or a slower pace than the broad average. This expectedpatternincludesphysical, communication and intellectual, and social , emotional and behavioral development.
Physicaldevelopment in children is an important area and is usually expected to happen automatically as they grow. The important areas are gross motor skills, which involve using larger muscles for walking, throwing, running, jumping. Also fine motor skills, which involve using smaller muscles for gripping, holding, getting dressed.
Babies -3 years develop at a fast pace, new borns have very little control over there body, their movement involve sucking for food...

...P1-Describephysical, intellectual, emotional and socialdevelopment for each of the life stages of an individual.
Contraception and Birth
Each month a woman will produce one egg from both of her ovaries, which will eventually then lie on eat side of her uterus. The egg will firstly need to travel down the fallopian tubes and then it will be released into the uterus. Male semen will then be needed for conception, this contain millions of sperm which only one will be needed to make the father genetic contribution to a baby. Sperm contains 23 chromosomes the same as an egg, sperm also swims as it has to move up the cervix, in the uterus and along the fallopian tubes. During sexual intercourse the man will ejaculate and the sperm and the egg will form a ball of cells called an embryo. After one to one and half days later the egg will begin to divide. Then after 3 weeks of fertilisation the embryo will grow to be up to 0.5cm long and will start to develop a brain, eyes, ears and limbs. At 8 weeks organs are formed, a heartbeat will become recognisable and so will facial features. The embryo will now be 3-4 cm long and is now called a foetus. At 20 weeks growth and development is still continuing and the foetus is now half the length and weight of a new born baby. At 40 weeks the foetus is ready to be born at around 50 cm long and weighing 3.5 kg. At 9...

...Understand children and young person development CYP 3.1
Social and EmotionalDevelopment.
Birth to 3 months
Babies at this age are very dependent on adults for reassurance and comfort. They will quieten when held and cuddled. Concentrate on adults face during feeding and will respond to mothers face and voice
6 to 9 months.
Shows affection to known carer, but shy with strangers. They enjoy the company of others and like to play games like peek-a-boo.
They start to show interest in other babies and become more interested in social interaction and interact differently with various family members. Very interested in all around them.
1 year to 18 months.
They can become anxious or distressed if separated from known adults. They are mostly cooperative and can be distracted from unwanted behaviour when necessary. They become more demanding and temper tantrums may start.
They can distinguish between self and others, but shows definite emotions and is aware of the emotions of others. They can sometime have little idea of sharing and strong sense of ‘mine.
2 Years.
At 2 they can be demanding of adult attention and get jealous of attention given to others. They can sometimes be reluctant to share playthings or adults attention. At this stage children have tantrums through frustration and will want to do things by themselves. They...

...Describe the expectedpattern of children and young people’s developmentfrombirth to 19years
Through a young person’s development, frombirth to 19 they are expected to follow a developmentpattern including physical, social, environmental, behavioural, intellectual and communicational. The expectedpattern is seen as the average time period it would take to accomplish these skills.
The expectedpattern starts at 0-3 years where a child is expected to develop the most. They have little control over their bodies at 0-1 years and are dependent on their natural instincts e.g. sucking, grasping but when the child has more control over their body they will start to crawl and eventually progress to walking. By the age of 3 as well as walking the child will have learnt to sound words, whilst speaking at a very basic level e.g. numbers, colours, mummy, daddy, in total they are expected to have retained at least 200 words. This means the child is capable of holding a basic conversation with other children and those around them; this is the start of their confidence building and socialising skills...

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CYP Core 3.1.1 - Understand the expectedpattern of development for children and young people frombirth - 19years.
1.1 Explain the sequence and the rate of each aspect of developmentfrombirth to 19years
The sequence of child development means the expecteddevelopment of a child frombirth to 19years. Child development refers to the biological and psychological and emotional changes that occur within this time. As the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy. Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development. Related terms include developmental psychology, referring to development throughout the lifespan, and paediatrics, the branch of medicine relating to the care of children. Developmental change may occur as a result of genetically-controlled processes known as maturation, or as a result of environmental factors and learning, but most commonly involves an interaction between the two. It may also occur as a result of human...

...Schools (QAN 501/0247/3)
Task 1. The expectedpattern of children and young people’s developmentfromBirth to 19years:
a. Physicaldevelopment
0 – 12 months
Sleeps for long periods/grows fast Develops Pincer grasp
Tries to lift head/kick legs and wave arms Begins to Sit and May crawl
Begins to hold objects and enjoys finger play Starts to pass object from one hand to the other
Becomes more alert Drops things deliberately
Learns to roll and establishes head control
1 – 3 years
Is now very mobile crawls, cruises, walks Taking part in Action songs
Starts going upstairs (Supervised) Starts using potty
Has mature pincer grasp, can scribble Can feed self
Can stack bricks to make tower 8-24mths Comes downstairs on front with help. Comes down upright from 2-3yrs
Can hold their cup without help. Learns to pedal, tries throwing a ball, kicks ball
Bends to pick up objects Fine motor skills improve
Can do simple Jigsaw puzzles Starts to climb
Can undress and tried to dress Enjoys construction activities
3 – 5 years
Usually clean and dry but may have occasional accidents Fine motor skills continue improve, e.g. learning to use scissors
Runs well and stops Continues to enjoy action songs
Competent at gross motor skills such as riding tricycle, jumping, climbing...