Much is made of Albert Einstein’s disputes with the Quantum physicists over theoretical differences of opinion between Relativity and Quantum Theory. However what is probably less widely accepted is that it was actually Einstein himself who was the FOUNDING FATHER of Quantum Physics.

It was Einstein who first suggested that energy was not continuous and came in ‘quanta’ and indeed Albert Einstein obtained his Nobel Prize not for his work on Relativity but for his work on the Photoelectric Effect, an effect which is at the very heart of Quantum Physics.

But do such ‘quanta’ really exist? More specifically for this brief article, does Light itself come in quanta, the quanta of Light being more commonly known as a Photon?

Everyone seems to take for granted these days the scientific certitude of the fact that light is actually made of photons but consider the following: Visible light forms only a comparatively small fragment of the entire electromagnetic spectrum. On the same spectrum are ultraviolet light, X-rays, gamma rays, infrared, microwaves and radio waves. Both gamma rays and radio waves, for example, are therefore made of exactly the same stuff as visible light is.

But are radio waves really comprised of photons as well?

Some radio waves have wavelengths measured in kilometres. If the wavelengths are measurably this long then how extensive are these ‘photons’ the radio waves are made from? Are they also kilometres in length?

Also when you turn your radio on first thing in the morning you may be interested to know that the aerial attached to the radio is actually a ‘photon capturing device’, photons which are in turn carrying the signal transmitted from the local radio station.

And how do these photons induce a current in the length of a conducting aerial which is amplified and sent to the speaker to produce the sound you can then hear? The length of the aerial usually has to bear some relation to the wavelength being captured, typically it has to be one quarter of a wavelength in length. And then there has to be an oscillating charge along the length of the aerial so as to induce an alternating current within it. But if radio waves are made of photons then how do the photons produce this effect within the radio aerial unless of course they are very large spatially?

I think you’ll agree the whole thing is nonsense.

Radio waves cannot possibly be made of photons at all. Radio waves are created by a rapidly oscillating charge within a conductor, the frequency of this oscillation being identical to the frequency of the radio waves produced, and a rapidly oscillating charge within a conductor does not emit photons.

But if radio waves are not made of photons then neither is visible light either.

Adding to the above it would be interesting if I commented on the “Wave/Particle Duality” theme that appears to be central to modern Quantum Theory.

I therefore move on from the photon to the electron.

It is said that the electron (like the photon) has the properties of both a particle and a wave. But consider the following: if the electron is a wave then how can it remain stationary as a ‘static charge’ within a solid conductor or semi-conductor? If it were a wave then it would tend to shoot away and out of sight at a significant speed. All waves move at speed whether they are sound waves, waves on the surface of water or indeed light itself. No, because it is a particle it can become trapped within the electronic structure of the material it is present in.

It is claimed that electrons behave ‘like’ waves because they produce a diffraction pattern on passing through a diffraction grating. But so what? There could be a whole number of different explanations as to why this happens. It could be due to electronic interference and deflection for example.

Indeed De Broglie himself actually stated that the ‘wave’ of the electron was ‘fictitious’. And even quantum physicists today are of the opinion that the ‘wave’ of the electron is purely a probability distribution of the likelihood of finding an electron at a given point in space. So we even have quantum physicists themselves admitting that the electron isn’t really a ‘wave’ after all.

Photon's can have different energy levels. The photon is the basic unit of light. The energy per photon can be found using the planck-einstein equation E=hf where E is the energy, h is Plancks Constant and f is frequency. Plancks Constant= photons..so you'd have to solve for h. Because photons are emitted and absorbed by charged particles, they act as transporters of energy- in this instance, Electromagnetic radiation, which can be defined as a wave or particles. As a wave it's variables are the speed of light(it's velocity), frequency and wavelength. Electromagnetic radiation happens when charged packets of energy accelerate/oscillate. When the wave packet of a charged particle does not move and is it is positioned in a certain way it will oscillate, this being the change between photon states of a charged particle. As just particles they are known as photons.
Radio waves are longer than infrared light and are a type of electromagnetic radiation too. You can see short wave radio waves. Naturally occuring radio waves come in the form of lightening, the sun and pulsars, galaxies, etc, which obviously shoot off protons. Man made radio waves, such as for communication have low frequency while microwaves which are also radio waves work at extremely high frequencies. Different frequencies experience different combinations of certain factors in the Earth's atmosphere making radio waves useful for diffferent tasks.

Nikola Tesla of Serbia, (who some conspiracists claim may have been an angelic being from venus and was in favor of selected/little breeding) worked extensively with radio waves and invented the tesla coils also mentioned in a lecture that ruder boskovic, a croation jesuit scientiest that lived 200 years before einstein wrote extensively about space time continuum and the theory of realitivity.

Adding to the above it would be interesting if I commented on the “Wave/Particle Duality” theme that appears to be central to modern Quantum Theory.

I therefore move on from the photon to the electron.

It is said that the electron (like the photon) has the properties of both a particle and a wave. But consider the following: if the electron is a wave then how can it remain stationary as a ‘static charge’ within a solid conductor or semi-conductor? If it were a wave then it would tend to shoot away and out of sight at a significant speed. All waves move at speed whether they are sound waves, waves on the surface of water or indeed light itself. No, because it is a particle it can become trapped within the electronic structure of the material it is present in.

It is claimed that electrons behave ‘like’ waves because they produce a diffraction pattern on passing through a diffraction grating. But so what? There could be a whole number of different explanations as to why this happens. It could be due to electronic interference and deflection for example.

Indeed De Broglie himself actually stated that the ‘wave’ of the electron was ‘fictitious’. And even quantum physicists today are of the opinion that the ‘wave’ of the electron is purely a probability distribution of the likelihood of finding an electron at a given point in space. So we even have quantum physicists themselves admitting that the electron isn’t really a ‘wave’ after all.

So what happened exactly to this Wave/Particle Duality?

Is it all just pure sensationalism and nothing else?

The electrons in a static charge are not stationary.

__________________If you are not part of the solution, you are part of the precipitate.