What is SEO?
SEO stands for “search engine optimization.” It is the process of getting traffic from the “free,” “organic,” “editorial” or “natural” search results on search engines

Why is SEO important?
Search engine optimization is essential because:
The majority of search engines users are more likely to click on one of the top 5 suggestions in the results pages (SERPS), so to take advantage of this and gain visitors to your website or customers to your online store you need to in the top positions.
SEO is not only about search engines but good SEO practices improve the user experience and usability of a website.
Users trust search engines and having a presence in the top positions for the keywords the user is searching, increases the web site’s trust.
SEO is good for the social promotion of your website. People who find your web site by searching Google or Yahoo are more likely to promote it on Facebook, Twitter, Google+ or other social media channels.
SEO is important for the smooth running of a big website. Websites with more than one author can benefit from SEO in a direct and indirect way. Their direct benefit is an increase in search engine traffic and their indirect benefit is having a common framework (checklists) to use before publishing content on the site.
SEO can put you ahead of the competition. If two websites are selling the same thing, the search engine optimized a website is more likely to have more customers and make more sales.

What is Keyword Research?
Keyword research is a critical component of search engine optimization because when used correctly it provides a roadmap for both the design and execution of building websites and developing content. Keywords are usually broken up and grouped based on the number of words within the query phrases.