Occurs in the chloroplast Photosynthesis RNA virusInfects the respiratory tract of humans as well as other animalsThe death of the infected cells and a person’s immune system response causes inflammation which leads to sore throat and mucus secretionsInfection causes mild to severe illness, including fever, cough, headache, and a general feeling of tirednessInfection lasts for 1 to 2 weeks and can cause a more severe illness Influenza Used to release energy (ATP) for cellular use

Energy is stored in the phosphate bonds ATP Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV )Usually attacks helper T cells. As the helper T cells die, the immune system gradually weakens,The patient becomes susceptible to other diseases. AIDS Not considered living thingsPathogens that can mutate to resist vaccinesEx. HIV, Influenza, Smallpox Viruses Cell Organization How a Virus Attacks Does not require Oxygenalso used to release energy, but not as efficient as aerobic respiration (less ATP)

Products include CO2 and lactic acid or alcohol

Two Types: Alcoholic Fermentation and Lactic Acid Fermentation Anaerobic Respirationaka Fermentation G1 SG2 MProphaseMetaphaseAnaphaseTelophase Cell Cycle Error in cell growth with causes uncontrolled cell growthHas environment and genetic variables Cancer Osmosis in Action Hypertonic condition: water moving out of the cell is greater than the rate of water moving into the cell. The net is that the cell loses water.

Hypotonic condition: water moving out of the cell is less than the rate of water moving into the cell. The net is that the cell gains water.

Isotonic condition: water moving out of the cell equals to the rate of water moving into the cell. The net is that the cell does not gain or lose water.