There are registry keys missing from HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WINEVT\Publishers\{GUID}\ChannelReferences\

Explanation

The error is self explanatory once you know what you are looking at:
The ‘Friendly-Provider-Name’ with GUID {GUID} is missing one or more of it’s channels under it's ‘ChannelReferences’ registry key (HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WINEVT\Publishers\{GUID}\ChannelReferences\).

The key can be found in HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WINEVT\Publishers\{GUID}

The Default Value for the key will be the Friendly-Provider-Name in the error message.

The ChannelReferences subkey has a value named Count that indicates how many subkeys should be present. They will be named 0, 1, 2, … etc.

Compare the contents of this key to a known good system running the same OS and build. There will be some subkeys missing under ChannelReferences as indicated.

To fix the problem, export the key from the known good system and import it on the machine experiencing the problem.
Be sure to reboot before attempting the update installation again.