Scientific Method

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Transcript of Scientific Method

Scientific Method ReviewHypothesis: What is it?Time to PracticeVariable Practice WorksheetsTestable QuestionHow do you write a testable question?Control & ConstantsThe Control: There is only ONE control.

When doing experiments, it is important to have a comparison (Control). The control is what normally happens (before the experiment)IV is the experiment (what changes).Scientific MethodSM Unit Goal:Students will be able to apply SM to perform an experiment.Scenario #2

DEPENDENT VARIABLESThe part of the experiment that is measuredas a result of the change. This is Data Collection!

*Ask the question: "What am I measuring?"INDEPENDENT VARIABLESThe part of the experiment that “I” change.

*Ask the question: "What am I changing?"VARIABLES

What is the independent variable?

Scenario #3

What is the dependent variable?

Scenario #2

What is the independent variable?

Scenario #2

What is the dependent variable?

What is the independent variable?

Scenario #1

Liz tested how high 5 different brands of new tennis balls would bounce when dropped from a height of 2 meters. She dropped the ball so that they hit the same floor tile each time.

Scenario #3

DEPENDENT VARIABLESThe part of the experiment that is measured as a result of the change.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLESThe part of the experiment that “I” change.

VARIABLES

Michael put 100 red seeds, 100 brown seeds, and 100 yellow seeds in his bird feeder. He wanted to know which color of seed the birds liked the most. He counted the seeds of each color that remained after 2 days.

Identifying Variables

Scenario #1

Michael put 100 red seeds, 100 brown seeds, and 100 yellow seeds in his bird feeder. He wanted to know which color of seed the birds liked the most. He counted the seeds of each color that remained after 2 daysLindsey timed how fast apple slices turned brown after being dipped in different preservatives, such as lemon juice, fruit freshener, and lime soda.Lindsey timed how fast apple slices turned brown after being dipped in differentpreservatives, such as lemon juice,fruit freshener, and lime soda.Liz tested how high 5 different brands of new tennis balls would bounce when dropped from a height of 2 meters. She dropped the ball so that they hit the same floor tile each time.What is the dependent variable?Liz tested how high 5 different brands of new tennis balls would bounce when dropped from a height of 2 meters. She dropped the ball so that they hit the same floor tile each time. Scenario #3What are the Constants in the experiment?How does the IV affect the DV?Examples: How does the amount of rain fall affect the change in temperature in Kansas City?

What is the affect of the temperature on plant growth?

Testable QuestionPracticeWriting a hypothesis statement:

If the IV (state how it changes?), then the DV will (make a prediction - Increase or Decrease)HypothesisA hypothesis is a possible explanation of your observations including a description of your experiment and a prediction of the outcome.The Constants: There are several in an experiment!

When doing experiments, it is important to know the constants. Constants are the things that stay the same during the experiment.

Hypothesis statement is an: If , then , will Let's Review!Hypothesis!Time to PracticeTo Write a Conclusion use: RASR = Restate your HypothesisA = Accept or Refute your HypothesisS = Support with data (using numbers)Like this:How does the (IV) affect the (DV)?What is the effect of the (IV) on the (DV)?Graph ResultsGraph: (must include)Title of graph: The Effect of (IV) on the (DV)Label x-axes (IV) & y -axis (DV) and with unitsAppropriate scaleUses correct type of graph Data Collection:Title: The effect of (IV) on the (DV) Label the IV & DV groups Units of Measurement used Bar Graph: A comparisonLine Graph: Change over timeExample: The hypothesis, if the type of stain remover is Shout, then the amount of stain removed will increase is accepted. The data supports this hypothesis by showing that 100% of the stain was removed with Shout and only 50% was removed with Stain-out stain remover. Time to Practice!Data TableData is information, facts or measurements that describe something.Data Table: A table used to organize data to make it easy to read.Practice Time: Data Table & Graphing!Writing Procedures: Experiment DesignUse the following guidelines when writingprocedures to your experiment:Be sure to break your procedure into short, easy-to-follow stepsStart each step with a verb, or action wordWrite your procedure so it is clear enough for someone else to use as instructions for repeating your experiment.Writing Procedures: Experiment DesignPractice Time!Task: Write up the Procedure on teaching a young child how to Brush their Teeth. (4 minutes)What is the Control in the experiment?Michael put 100 red seeds, 100 brown seeds, and 100 yellow seeds in his bird feeder. He wanted to know which color of seed the birds liked the most. He counted the seeds of each color that remained after 2 days.

Scenario #1What are some Constants for this experiment?

What is the Control for this experiment?Lindsey timed how fast apple slices turned brown after being dipped in different preservatives, such as lemon juice, fruit freshener, and lime soda.What is the Control in this experiment?