Some cultures in Human history had come to the conclusion that the pursuit of technology led them astray, and chose to isolate themselves to find themselves again. (VOY: "Innocence")

In the 24th century, a few Human cultures engaged in bloodsports, killing lower species for pleasure, though the practice was much reduced from the situation a number of centuries before. However, no Humans would consider hunting a sentient being. (DS9: "Captive Pursuit")

In many Human cultures, the thirtieth birthday was considered a sort of landmark: the end of youth and the beginning of the slow march into middle age. (DS9: "Distant Voices")

However, Starfleet officers were sometimes considered to fall short. Spock once accused his ship's doctor, Leonard McCoy, of applying Human standards to non-Human cultures. (TOS: "The Apple") And after Tom Paris tried to explain to his captain that he and Harry Kim had gotten in trouble as a result of wanting to broaden their understanding of alien cultures, Captain Janeway dismissed him, claiming they had just wanted to find a bar. (VOY: "Survival Instinct")

Indeed, despite this caution, seeking out new cultures was also a major goal of Starfleet in general. According to Neelix, the Starfleet ship USS Voyager was always interested in learning about other cultures. (VOY: "Thirty Days") Aboard Deep Space 9, good relations with other cultures were considered the highest priority. (DS9: "Captive Pursuit") Starfleet officer Keiko O'Brien tried to set up a school on Deep Space 9, even though she would have to deal with children of different cultures and philosophies. She believed she could manage with an innovative program, and convinced a Ferengi, Rom, to send his son, Nog, to the school by selling him on the advantages of learning about other cultures and how they did business, negotiated, and ran their economies. (DS9: "A Man Alone")

The EMH, a holographic doctor designed to serve on Starfleet ships, was programmed with the medical knowledge of three thousand cultures. (VOY: "Relativity"))

The Na'kuhl leader Vosk claimed his opponents in the Temporal War to be a tyrannical sect imposing their will on countless cultures throughout history for their own needs. Unlike them, he believed societies and cultures could be improved through careful manipulation of historical events. (ENT: "Storm Front, Part II")