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After years of conflict, schools reopen and hope returns to Fallujah

On 28 November, Ahmed, 6 (left) and Osama, 7, (right) walk past caravans that serve as a temporary classrooms in Fallujah, Anbar Governorate, Iraq. Many former residents and displaced families are returing to the city now that it is safe and schools are reopening.

By Sharon Behn Nogueira

UNICEF Iraq’s Chief of Communications recently visited schools in Fallujah. With a generous contribution from the Government of Japan, UNICEF is rehabilitating a number of schools in the city, including the five featured in this story.

FALLUJAH, Iraq, 27 December 2016 – The walls of Fallujah are scarred with bullet holes. Six months ago, 85,000 people fled the city as bombs fell on their houses in the fight to retake the city from the so-called Islamic State/ Da’esh. Many others had escaped earlier.

Today, young students are kicking through the debris of that battle to get to school. Many of the houses and schools are damaged. In one school, hit by several mortars, crushed blue chalk and glass carpet the entryway.

But people are coming back; small shops are opening, cement chunks are being cleared away, mortar holes filled, and in the schools fresh chalk has arrived.

Hamed, 13, sits in class at a school in Fallujah. He lost his leg in a mortar attack in August 2015. His father and cousin died in the attack. He just returned to Fallujah in September this year, and is now back at school.

It’s winter in Fallujah and there is no heat in the classrooms. In one school the children are wearing hats, gloves and coats as they sit at their wooden desks and follow the lessons on the blackboard.

It’s a modest start, but for children like Hamed, who lost his father and his own leg in a mortar attack in August 2015, it’s the beginning of a return to normality after years of conflict. As he talks about his wish to be an art teacher, an explosion goes off nearby – teams of de-miners are still clearing the city of the bombs left behind.

During a visit to five schools in the city, there were four controlled detonations, a reminder of the conflict that these girls and boys and their families ran away from.

But now they are coming back, returning from cities around Iraq and the Kurdistan region where they took refuge.

“Half of my friends and half of my neighbours have come back,” said Mohamed, 8, who wears a brown coat with the hood over his head.

The classrooms are packed with children, even though they are still waiting for textbooks, and there is nothing on the walls, no coloured pencils and few notebooks. Nearby, another school has been rebuilt with just US$4,000, allowing 500 children to return to class.

Three girls sit at a desk in a caravan that serves as a temporary classroom at Salsabil Primary School for Girls in Fallujah. In the height of the conflict, one of the city’s bigger secondary schools was hit with a large bomb, flattening part of it.

Teacher Sahera Abass says new families are arriving every week. She left the city in January 2014 when the so-called Islamic State/ Da’esh swept in, and returned a month ago.

“I came back because this is my school, this is my job, this is my home. I wanted to come,” she says.

“Students are nervous about their future,” Abass says. “They are scared of bombs, scared they might have to leave again, that the war will return.”

School offers them a respite, she adds. “The families have little, all the houses are damaged, they have no electricity, no water.”

One of the city’s bigger secondary schools had been hit with a large bomb, flattening part of it. Luckily it was empty at the time.

Today, it is full of teenage girls in uniforms, including Noor. She fled Fallujah with her family and lived in three different cities in the past two years before returning home.

“I want to complete my education because it’s my dream to be a doctor or a dentist and work in Baghdad,” she says. “Without schools there are no dreams for the future.”