VirtualGlobetrotting: Russian Federation Maps & Satellite Images1VirtualGlobetrotting Live View0http://virtualglobetrotting.com/countries/RU/export-0.kmlBBOX=[bboxWest],[bboxSouth],[bboxEast],[bboxNorth]onStopmikeb9991 (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: mikeb9991. Read more...
Tsar Bomba is the Western name for the RDS-220 hydrogen bomb (codenamed "Иван" (Ivan) by its developers) — the largest, most powerful nuclear weapon ever detonated. Developed by the Soviet Union, the bomb was originally designed to have a yield of about 100 megatons of TNT; however that was reduced by half in order to limit the amount of nuclear fallout that would result.

]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x314179.21894100,66.26850100jbottero (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: jbottero. Read more...
Tsar Bomba is the Western name for the RDS-220, which was the largest, most powerful nuclear weapon ever detonated. Developed by the Soviet Union, the bomb had a yield of about 50 megatons of TNT and it was codenamed Ivan by its developers.

The bomb was tested on October 30, 1961, in Novaya Zemlya, an archipelago in the Arctic Sea. The device was scaled down from its original design of 100 megatons to reduce the resulting nuclear fallout.

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The bomb was tested on October 30, 1961, in Novaya Zemlya, an archipelago in the Arctic Sea. The device was scaled down from its original design of 100 megatons to reduce the resulting nuclear fallout.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31454.49974100,73.85005000kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
16,404 feet long.

Longest runway in the world yet it only has one gate and handles fewer passngers in a year than most international airports handle in a day (or a few hours for that matter).

While the airport doesn't look particularly militarized it looks like there is a huge amo dump and base further to the west.

1/24/2013: NOTE: The title was true when the map was posted originally. Wikipedia now says " This runway is the third longest public use runway in the world with a length of 5 km (16,405 ft). It is also the widest, with a total width of about 105 m (344 ft)."

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Longest runway in the world yet it only has one gate and handles fewer passngers in a year than most international airports handle in a day (or a few hours for that matter).

While the airport doesn't look particularly militarized it looks like there is a huge amo dump and base further to the west.

1/24/2013: NOTE: The title was true when the map was posted originally. Wikipedia now says " This runway is the third longest public use runway in the world with a length of 5 km (16,405 ft). It is also the widest, with a total width of about 105 m (344 ft)."]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31448.80401600,54.40294600kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The primary Pacific Fleet operating bases are Pavlovskoye [Pavlovsk] near Vladivostok and Rybachiy near Petropavlovsk. Petropavlovsk is home to much of Russia's Pacific nuclear submarine fleet.

Rybachiy is an inspectable submarine facility under the START-1 agreement. The United States and the Soviet Union signed the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) on 31 July 1991. When START entered into force on 05 December 1994, the signatories began to implement the Treaty's complex set of intrusive inspection and verification measures. As part of START's verification provisions, each signatory was required to declare all facilities related to ICBMs, submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs), and heavy bombers. The former Soviet Union (FSU) has declared over five dozen START-inspectable sites in all categories, including five SLBM facilities and six submarine facilities.

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Rybachiy is an inspectable submarine facility under the START-1 agreement. The United States and the Soviet Union signed the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) on 31 July 1991. When START entered into force on 05 December 1994, the signatories began to implement the Treaty's complex set of intrusive inspection and verification measures. As part of START's verification provisions, each signatory was required to declare all facilities related to ICBMs, submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs), and heavy bombers. The former Soviet Union (FSU) has declared over five dozen START-inspectable sites in all categories, including five SLBM facilities and six submarine facilities.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x314158.49791600,52.91519100Hinkkanen (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Hinkkanen. Read more...
The Tunguska event was an aerial explosion that occurred at 60°55′ N 101°57′ E, near the Podkamennaya (Stony) Tunguska River in what is now Evenkia, Siberia, at 7:17 AM on June 30, 1908. Note that there is not any kind of crater.

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By: kjfitz. Read more...
The Kola Superdeep Borehole is the result of a scientific drilling project of the former USSR. The project attempted to drill as deep as possible into the Earth's crust. Drilling began on 24 May 1970 on the Kola Peninsula, using the Uralmash-4E, and later the Uralmash-15000 series drilling rig. A number of boreholes were drilled by branching from a central hole. The deepest, SG-3, reached 12,262 metres (40,230 ft) in 1989, and remains the deepest hole ever drilled.

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By: neotrix. Read more...
The existence of the ‘Putin Palace’ was discussed last year by Washington Post. According to a Russian whistleblower, Sergey Kolesnikov, the palace was predominantly paid for with money donated by Russian businessmen for the use of Prime Minister Vladimir Putin.
The estate is still under-construction and costs more than $1 billion, include an amphitheater and three helipads ...

The property was formally owned and sold by a man named Nikolai Shamalov who happens to be a b.f.f. of Prime Minister Putin. It was acquired by Russian billionaire businessman Alexander Ponomarenko.

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The estate is still under-construction and costs more than $1 billion, include an amphitheater and three helipads ...

The property was formally owned and sold by a man named Nikolai Shamalov who happens to be a b.f.f. of Prime Minister Putin. It was acquired by Russian billionaire businessman Alexander Ponomarenko.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31438.20557800,44.41925300kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
Ground effect airploane. Huge! It has three giant missile launchers built on top.

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By: DonMartini. Read more...
While neither news nor technology, click on the above link to look at some incredible photos of the Berezniki Sinkhole. This sinkhole first opened up in 1986 as a result of flooding in a Russian potash mine. Several papers have been written on the causes of the sinkhole. The size of the collapse is approximately 80m long, 40m wide and 200m deep!

The sinkhole is expanding and is expected to swallow up the only rail line that leads to and from the potash mine. This area produces about 10% of the worlds potash which is used in fertilizer. World wide demand will most likely be shifted to a Canadian Producer whose stock is soaring with the news of this sinkhole.

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The sinkhole is expanding and is expected to swallow up the only rail line that leads to and from the potash mine. This area produces about 10% of the worlds potash which is used in fertilizer. World wide demand will most likely be shifted to a Canadian Producer whose stock is soaring with the news of this sinkhole.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31456.77150700,59.38808600kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
Novaya Zemlya was the site of extensive Soviet atmospheric and underground testing, including the largest thermonuclear device ever tested, a 58 megaton air-dropped bomb detonated October 23, 1961. Of the 42 underground explosions at Novaya Zemlya, 25 were accompanied by release of radioactive inert gases. There were three underwater explosions, each less than 20 kiloton, but most of the radionuclides remained in the water and sediments. A total of 17 reactors were dumped in the Barents Sea, to the west of Novaya Zemlya, including seven containing spent nuclear fuel.

Sub-critical hydrodynamic experiments with separate elements of nuclear ordnance are currently conducted at the Novaya Zemlya testing range. At least four or six such studies are conducted on Novaya Zemlya. These tests allow evaluation of criteria under which it is possible to store, transport and use nuclear ordnance safely.

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Sub-critical hydrodynamic experiments with separate elements of nuclear ordnance are currently conducted at the Novaya Zemlya testing range. At least four or six such studies are conducted on Novaya Zemlya. These tests allow evaluation of criteria under which it is possible to store, transport and use nuclear ordnance safely.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31454.75053800,73.38631500neotrix (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: neotrix. Read more...
The new Fisht Olympic Stadium was built in the new Sochi Olympic Park. It is within walking distance of the Olympic Village and the capacity of the stadium will be 40,000.

The stadium will also play host to games for the 2018 FIFA World Cup

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The stadium will also play host to games for the 2018 FIFA World Cup]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31439.95570900,43.40193000neotrix (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: neotrix. Read more...
Since 1991 Novo-Ogaryovo was reserved as a governmental residence, mostly unused until it was renovated by Vladimir Putin in 2000. A six-meter-high wall surrounds the presidential residence. During Putin's term in office, luxury dachas started to appear in the vicinity.

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By: Hinkkanen. Read more...
The Admiral Flota Sovetskogo Soyuza Kuznetsov (originally named Tbilisi) is an aircraft carrier serving as the flagship of the Russian Navy. She was constructed at Nikolayev South Shipyard in Nikolayev, was launched in 1985, and she became fully operational in 1995. An official ceremony of construction starting was on September 1, 1982, in fact she was laid down in 1983. The vessel was first named Riga, but in November 1982 the name was changed to Leonid Brezhnev, in August 1987 to Tbilisi, and finally on October 4, 1990 to Admiral Flota Sovetskogo Soyuza Kuznetsov, in short referred to as Admiral Kuznetsov. In the summer of 1989 the ship was 71%completed. In November 1989 she undertook first trials of aircraft operations. In December 1991 she sailed from the Black Sea to the Northern Fleet. Only from 1993 she started to be equipped with planes.

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By: LancelotLink. Read more...
The Yamantau Mountain complex is located close to one of Russia's remaining nuclear weapons labs, Chelyabinsk-70. Two entire cities have been constructed over the site, known as Beloretsk 15 & 16 which are closed to the public, each with 30,000 workers. No foreigner has ever set foot near the site. Thumbnail is of the entrance to the mountain complex.

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By: mstoess. Read more...
A settlement at the Matochkin Strait inhabits the military staff and the miners of the Machotkin Shar testing area on Novaya Zemlya. In the mountains around several entries of underground test sites can be seen in GM.

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This one is OK-TVA a static test version that was never flown.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31437.59680300,55.72871800kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...

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By: kjfitz. Read more...
Lake Cheko in Siberia has been noted as the probable crater of the 1908 Siberian Tunguska event.

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By: jbottero. Read more...
UVB-76 is the callsign of a shortwave radio station that usually broadcasts on the frequency 4625 kHz (AM full carrier). It's known among radio listeners by the nickname The Buzzer. It features a short, monotonous buzz tone, repeating at a rate of approximately 25 tones per minute, for 24 hours per day. The station has been observed since around 1982. On rare occasions, the buzzer signal is interrupted and a voice transmission in Russian takes place. Only three to four such events have been noted.

Western observers nicknamed the plane Concordski (sometimes Konkordski), sounding like a Russian surname yet still very close to the Concorde, to which the Tu-144 was visually similar. A prototype first flew on 31 December 1968 near Moscow, two months before Concorde. The Tu-144 first broke the sound barrier on 5 June 1969, and on 15 July 1969 it became the first commercial transport to exceed Mach 2, and the fastest commercial airliner ever.

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Western observers nicknamed the plane Concordski (sometimes Konkordski), sounding like a Russian surname yet still very close to the Concorde, to which the Tu-144 was visually similar. A prototype first flew on 31 December 1968 near Moscow, two months before Concorde. The Tu-144 first broke the sound barrier on 5 June 1969, and on 15 July 1969 it became the first commercial transport to exceed Mach 2, and the fastest commercial airliner ever.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31449.09826000,55.85443800Rene73 (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Rene73. Read more...

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By: andrewmorrell. Read more...
Not sure what is burning, but it is truly enormous - look at the scale on the map!

The Mil Mi12, known in the Soviet Union as V-12, is a 120-seat heavy transport helicopter powered by four Soloviev D-25VF turboshaft engines. The Mil Mi-12 (NATO reporting name 'Homer') project started in 1965. The prototype flew first in 1968. This giant helicopter had fixed wings and was lifted by two Mi-6 rotors mounted at the ends of outrigger wings. Both rotors were driven by two 6500shp Soloviev D-25VF turbine engines each, mounted side-by-side at the tips of the wings. The four 6500shp Soloviev D-25VF turbines giving the Mil Mi-12 helicopter a maximum speed of 260km/h, with a 35400kg load or 120 passengers and 500km range. Three prototypes were built, with the first written of in a non-fatal heavy crash landing. The Mil Mi-12 never entered production.

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The Mil Mi12, known in the Soviet Union as V-12, is a 120-seat heavy transport helicopter powered by four Soloviev D-25VF turboshaft engines. The Mil Mi-12 (NATO reporting name 'Homer') project started in 1965. The prototype flew first in 1968. This giant helicopter had fixed wings and was lifted by two Mi-6 rotors mounted at the ends of outrigger wings. Both rotors were driven by two 6500shp Soloviev D-25VF turbine engines each, mounted side-by-side at the tips of the wings. The four 6500shp Soloviev D-25VF turbines giving the Mil Mi-12 helicopter a maximum speed of 260km/h, with a 35400kg load or 120 passengers and 500km range. Three prototypes were built, with the first written of in a non-fatal heavy crash landing. The Mil Mi-12 never entered production.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31437.93176800,55.66725700kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...Bettr image
Arzamas-16, currently Sarov, was established on April 13, 1946 as a home to the Design Bureau No. 11 (KB-11), currently the Russian Federal Nuclear Center – the All-Russian Scientific and Research Institute of Experimental Physics (VNIIEF, also known as Arzamas-16), Russia first nuclear weapons design center. It is the unnamed "Installation" of Nobel Peace Laureate Andre Sakharov's biography, responsible for the design of the first Soviet atomic and hydrogen bombs. It was inititally given several provisional names, such as Base 112, Site 550 or simply the "Site".

The KB-11 Design Bureau (now the world-renowned RFYaTs-VNIIEF) was organized in the Gorky (now Nizhni Novgorod) Region. KB-11, headed by its first director Pavel Zernov and Yuly Khariton who was its chief designer and scientific supervisor for many years, made a decisive contribution to the elimination of US nuclear armament monopoly. This center developed and manufactured the first Soviet atomic bomb RDS-1 detonated in 1949 and the first Soviet thermonuclear charge RDS-6S (academician Sakharov’s brainchild) successfully tested in 1953.

Arzamas-16 is often referred to as the Russian Los Alamos. Some of its residents even refer to its alboratory as Los Arzamas in recognition of its close similarity to Los Alamos. In December, 1993, the Los Alamos County Council agreed to invite Sarov to be a Sister City.

At present, Arzamas-16 is a home to two nuclear weapons facilities: the VNIIEF design institute and the Avangard serial warhead assembly/disassembly facility. The population of Arzamas-16 is approximately 83,000. Of them 20,000 work at the institute and 10,000 at the Avangard plant.

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Arzamas-16, currently Sarov, was established on April 13, 1946 as a home to the Design Bureau No. 11 (KB-11), currently the Russian Federal Nuclear Center – the All-Russian Scientific and Research Institute of Experimental Physics (VNIIEF, also known as Arzamas-16), Russia first nuclear weapons design center. It is the unnamed "Installation" of Nobel Peace Laureate Andre Sakharov's biography, responsible for the design of the first Soviet atomic and hydrogen bombs. It was inititally given several provisional names, such as Base 112, Site 550 or simply the "Site".

The KB-11 Design Bureau (now the world-renowned RFYaTs-VNIIEF) was organized in the Gorky (now Nizhni Novgorod) Region. KB-11, headed by its first director Pavel Zernov and Yuly Khariton who was its chief designer and scientific supervisor for many years, made a decisive contribution to the elimination of US nuclear armament monopoly. This center developed and manufactured the first Soviet atomic bomb RDS-1 detonated in 1949 and the first Soviet thermonuclear charge RDS-6S (academician Sakharov’s brainchild) successfully tested in 1953.

Arzamas-16 is often referred to as the Russian Los Alamos. Some of its residents even refer to its alboratory as Los Arzamas in recognition of its close similarity to Los Alamos. In December, 1993, the Los Alamos County Council agreed to invite Sarov to be a Sister City.

At present, Arzamas-16 is a home to two nuclear weapons facilities: the VNIIEF design institute and the Avangard serial warhead assembly/disassembly facility. The population of Arzamas-16 is approximately 83,000. Of them 20,000 work at the institute and 10,000 at the Avangard plant.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31443.30965000,54.89783500kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The Kiev class carriers (also know as Project 1143 or as the Krechyet (Gyrfalcon) class) were the first class of fixed-wing aircraft carriers built in Russia.

A total of four Kiev class carriers were built and commissioned, serving in the Soviet and then Russian Navy. The first three having served out their lifetimes were decommissioned and have been either scrapped or sold as recreational pieces to China. The fourth ship, Admiral Gorshkov, was modernized and sold to the Indian Navy in 2004.

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A total of four Kiev class carriers were built and commissioned, serving in the Soviet and then Russian Navy. The first three having served out their lifetimes were decommissioned and have been either scrapped or sold as recreational pieces to China. The fourth ship, Admiral Gorshkov, was modernized and sold to the Indian Navy in 2004.

Picture in the same location.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31439.80888200,64.58081200gamma (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: gamma. Read more...

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By: Hinkkanen. Read more...
The base is also known as Yagelnaya Naval Base, Murmansk-130 and Yagelnyy village. Gadzhiyevo began serving nuclear submarines in 1963, after seven years as a diesel submarine base.

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By: kjfitz. Read more...
The 667BDR Kal'mar (Squid) Delta-III class Submarine was a large Ballistic Missile Submarine. Like the earlier Delta class submarines the Delta III is a double hulled design with a thin low magnetic steel outer hull wrapped around a thicker inner pressure hull. Development began in 1972 at the Rubin central design bureau for marine engineering. The submarine was the first that could launch any number of missiles in a single salvo, also the first submarine capable of carrying ballistic missiles with multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles . The submarine carried 16 of the R-29R missiles each carrying 3 to 7 MIRVs, with a range of 6,500 to 8,000 km, depending on the number of re-entry vehicles.

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By: Mike1989. Read more...
Mezhgorye is a closed town in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, located in the southern Urals near Mount Yamantau, about 200 kilometers (120 mi) southeast of Ufa, the capital of the republic, on the banks of the Maly Inser River (a tributary of the Kama River). Population: 17,353 (2010 Census preliminary results); 19,082 (2002 Census).

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31457.82997100,54.05606300sharky (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: sharky. Read more...
It's not a volcano or a meteor strike. It's an intrusion of rare minerals originally over 5,000 miles deep in the earth that tunneled up through the mantle over a billion years ago. Erosion caused the formation you see today.

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By: kjfitz. Read more...
The Soviet Union’s Project 949 (Granit) and Project 949A (Antey) submarines are known in the West by their NATO reporting names: the Oscar-I and Oscar-II classes respectively.

Oscars are the largest attack subs by now, being slightly larger than Ohio-class submarines of the United States Navy, displacing less when surfaced but more when submerged, as they are shorter in length but broader in beam.

Carries 24 Granit SS-N-19 missiles in two banks of 12 tubes mounted outside the pressure hull. Six large doors, hinged on the outside, cover the tubes in pairs on either side of the sail (British: fin).

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Oscars are the largest attack subs by now, being slightly larger than Ohio-class submarines of the United States Navy, displacing less when surfaced but more when submerged, as they are shorter in length but broader in beam.

Carries 24 Granit SS-N-19 missiles in two banks of 12 tubes mounted outside the pressure hull. Six large doors, hinged on the outside, cover the tubes in pairs on either side of the sail (British: fin).]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x314158.44166900,52.89682800kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The Typhoon class submarines are a type of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines deployed by the Soviet Navy in the 1980s. With a maximum displacement of 48,000 tonnes, Typhoons are the largest class of submarine ever built.

There is another being built or scrapped under the partially covered drydock to the south.

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There is another being built or scrapped under the partially covered drydock to the south.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31439.81527900,64.58170700Angie (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Angie. Read more...
Russian biggest radio telesccope RATAN600 with a diameter of 570m

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By: sicqnus. Read more...
2 Russian submarines Kilo-class (TYPE 877EKM / diesel-electric powered) side by side with a an old Delta-class (Delphin) SSBN at NERPA Ship-Repair Plant (Snezhnogorsk - Murmansk-60). The ships are probably in wait to be scrapped. Only three decommissioned nuclear submarines can be dismanteled each year in this shipyard.

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By: Rene73. Read more...
A demilitarized, commercial version of the Tu-160, dubbed Tu-160SK, was displayed at Asian Aerospace in Singapore in 1994 with a model of a small space vehicle named Burlak attached underneath the fuselage. In 1995 Tupolev announced a partnership with the German firm OHB-System to produce the aircraft as a carrier for the launch vehicle; the German government subsequently withdrew funding in 1998.

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16 SS-N-23 (4 MIRV - 100 kT) + 4 TLT de 533 mm (18 missiles / torpedoes)]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31433.20512500,69.06011400jbottero (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: jbottero. Read more...
This is one of the oldest prisons in Russia and one of the first prison for life in the Orenburg region. Originally it was a jail (Ostrog) for a lifetime of hard labor. The first mention of this relates to 1745. After the suppression of the Pugachev's Rebellion in 1773, the prison was built for the deportation of robbers. The prison got its unofficial name from a fountain with a sculpture depicting a black dolphin, which is set before the main entrance. The sculpture was made by the prisoners themselves.

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By: mstoess. Read more...
The Broutona Bay is the formed by the caldera of the Uramatan volcano, connected with the sea through a narrow gap in the northern caldera rim.

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By: kjfitz. Read more...
High Frequency Direction Finding System for strategic intelligence collection and emitter location. HF-DF, (popularly known as huff-duff) intercepts and locates voice and message traffic transmitted on short-wave channels. HF-DF systems operate at frequencies where the signals are reflected from the earth's ionosphere [skywave signals].

Similar to "Classic Bullseye" system in the US.

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Similar to "Classic Bullseye" system in the US.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31437.61256300,55.93313500Dania (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Dania. Read more...
The Sochi Freestyle Skiing Center and Snowboard Park is a skiing venue located west of the Rosa Khutor plateau in Krasnaya Polyana, Russia. For the 2014 Winter Olympics in neighboring Sochi, it will host the freestyle skiing and snowboarding events.

Seating 8000 at both the freestyle skiing and snowboarding areas, it is scheduled for completion in 2011. Then it will host test events in both 2012 and 2013.

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Seating 8000 at both the freestyle skiing and snowboarding areas, it is scheduled for completion in 2011. Then it will host test events in both 2012 and 2013.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31440.31613300,43.66166300sicqnus (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: sicqnus. Read more...
Shot taken over Gadzhievo Naval Base. North Fleet SSN used as escort for the SSBN type Delta. Since 1992, the Russian navy have three new Akula-II type submarines (skin/paint is made of a sort of rubber) and three improved Akula I.

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By: kjfitz. Read more...
Chelyabinsk-65 (in the past Chelyabinsk-40), currently Ozersk, was established in 1948 to produce plutonium for nuclear weapons. The construction of the Combine 817, currently the Production Association Mayak, began in 1947. The first production reactor (Reactor A) went into operation in June 1948 and the first batch of plutonium was produced at the radiochemical plant (Plant B) on February 26, 1948. This plutonium was fabricated into nuclear device components at the plutonium finishing plant (Plant V). The Chelyabinsk-65 nuclear complex continued to expand during the next four decades and is currently one of the largest and most diverse nuclear facilities in Russia.

The industrial area bordering the southeastern shore of the lake Kyzyltash, where the plutonium production complex is located, is approximately 90 km2.

The production of plutonium in Chelyabinsk-65 took place in five uranium-graphite reactors (A, IR-AI, AV-1, AV-2, and AV-3) commissioned between 1948 and 1955. The uranium-graphite reactors were shut down between 1987 and 1990.

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The industrial area bordering the southeastern shore of the lake Kyzyltash, where the plutonium production complex is located, is approximately 90 km2.

The production of plutonium in Chelyabinsk-65 took place in five uranium-graphite reactors (A, IR-AI, AV-1, AV-2, and AV-3) commissioned between 1948 and 1955. The uranium-graphite reactors were shut down between 1987 and 1990.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31460.84820700,55.71357400kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
Gorky Park stretches three kilometres along the Moskva River (Moscow River). Gorky Park is Moscow's amusement park and draws in large numbers of visitors, both foreign and local. One of the main attractions is the slow moving Ferris wheel which provides excellent views out over the park and its surrounding area. During the winter months the lakes and paths are flooded to form a vast outdoor ice-skating rink.

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31437.60214600,55.73040200giove (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: giove. Read more...
from Wikipedia
"After three months of slow advance, the Germans finally reached the river banks, capturing 90% of the ruined city and splitting the remaining Soviet forces into two narrow pockets. Ice floes on the Volga now prevented boats and tugs from supplying the Soviet defenders. Nevertheless, the fighting, especially on the slopes of Mamayev Kurgan and inside the factory area in the northern part of the city, continued as fiercely as ever. The battles for the Red October Steel Factory, the Dzerzhinsky tractor factory and the Barrikady gun factory became world-famous."

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"After three months of slow advance, the Germans finally reached the river banks, capturing 90% of the ruined city and splitting the remaining Soviet forces into two narrow pockets. Ice floes on the Volga now prevented boats and tugs from supplying the Soviet defenders. Nevertheless, the fighting, especially on the slopes of Mamayev Kurgan and inside the factory area in the northern part of the city, continued as fiercely as ever. The battles for the Red October Steel Factory, the Dzerzhinsky tractor factory and the Barrikady gun factory became world-famous."]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31444.61221700,48.80008000kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The red building in the upper right is Lenin's Tomb.

]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31445.75582500,48.79646300kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The Victor class is the general NATO classification for a type of nuclear-powered submarine that was originally put into service by the Soviet Union around 1967. In the USSR, they were produced under Project 671. Victor-class subs featured a teardrop shape, which allowed them to travel at high speed. These vessels were primarily designed to protect Soviet surface fleets and to attack American ballistic missile subs, should the need ever arise.

The Soviet Union discovered through its spy network that Americans could easily track Victor II-class subs (one of the sub-classifications listed below) and subsequently halted production of that type to design the Victor III class.

Victor III entered service in 1979; 25 or 26 were produced under Project 671RTM. Quieter, these had 2 tubes for launching SS-N-21 or SS-N-15 missiles and Type 53 torpedoes, plus another 4 tubes for launching SS-N-16 missiles and Type 65 torpedoes. 24 tube-launched weapons or 36 mines could be on-board.

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The Soviet Union discovered through its spy network that Americans could easily track Victor II-class subs (one of the sub-classifications listed below) and subsequently halted production of that type to design the Victor III class.

Victor III entered service in 1979; 25 or 26 were produced under Project 671RTM. Quieter, these had 2 tubes for launching SS-N-21 or SS-N-15 missiles and Type 53 torpedoes, plus another 4 tubes for launching SS-N-16 missiles and Type 65 torpedoes. 24 tube-launched weapons or 36 mines could be on-board.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x314158.43724600,52.89927300kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
From [agentura.ru]: SVR is a forces composition of RF securityprovision and it’s assigned to protect the personality, society and state security from the external danger with use of methods and means specified by present federal law.

assistance provision in realization of measures fulfilled by the state in behalf of Russian Federation security provision.

A necessity of intelligence activity carrying out is determined within the framework of their full powers by both the President of Russian Federation and the Federal Meetingon the strength of impossibility or inexpediency of Russian Federation security provision by other means.

]]>agentura.ru]: SVR is a forces composition of RF securityprovision and it’s assigned to protect the personality, society and state security from the external danger with use of methods and means specified by present federal law.

assistance provision in realization of measures fulfilled by the state in behalf of Russian Federation security provision.

A necessity of intelligence activity carrying out is determined within the framework of their full powers by both the President of Russian Federation and the Federal Meetingon the strength of impossibility or inexpediency of Russian Federation security provision by other means.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31437.51695900,55.58400900kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The multifunctional Don radar had a shape of a truncated pyramid with equal length and width (100 meters), and height of 45 meters. Phased arrays with diameter of 16 meters each were mounted on four sides of the pyramid. Along with the digital processing of incoming signals and information, this radar features an antimissile missile control channel and a wide range of probing signals, making its operation possible in various modes. The resolution characteristics of the radar are excellent, and it can see space objects a few centimeters in size.

Building of the radar began in 1978, and it reached full operational capability around 1989. The modified Don 2NP large multifunction phased-array radar at Pushkino is an integral part of the A-135 Moscow ABM system. The radar, which has 360-degree coverage, provides support for GAZELLE and GORGON interceptor systems.

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Building of the radar began in 1978, and it reached full operational capability around 1989. The modified Don 2NP large multifunction phased-array radar at Pushkino is an integral part of the A-135 Moscow ABM system. The radar, which has 360-degree coverage, provides support for GAZELLE and GORGON interceptor systems.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31437.76500000,56.17500000kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The Oscar-class nuclear-powered cruise missile attack submarine, which displaces more than 18,000 tons when under water, is one of Russia's largest and most capable submarines. As with earlier cruise-missile submarine, the Oscar was designed primarily to attack American aircraft carrier battle groups.

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x314158.48577500,52.91732300santo (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: santo. Read more...
Home to the Kremlin, seat of governement in Russia.

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31437.61540700,55.75063700susuman (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: susuman. Read more...
Bilibino is Russia’s only nuclear power heating plant. It also is the only NPP in the world beyond the arctic circle. The plant is quite small and safer than most soviet-era nuclear facilities in Russia, as stated by the US-State of Alaska commission who were invited to a safety examination of the site in 1993. The plant is indeed situated in the Chukotka peninsula, at the north-eastern end of Siberia, just across the Bering Straits from Alaska. The plant's goal is as much to generate heat for the local mining town as to produce electricity : this part of Oriental Siberia is said the coldest inhabited place on Earth.

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31446.18913100,51.47487500kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The anti-ballistic missile system around Moscow includes 100 underground interceptors designed to carry one nuclear warhead each. The system, known as A-135, consists of two layers of interceptors: an outer ring of four launch complexes armed with 32 Gorgon interceptors, each carrying a 1-megaton warhead; and an inner ring of four launch complexes armed with 68 Gazelle interceptors, each carrying a 10-kiloton warhead. There were rumors in 1998 that the nuclear warheads had been replaced with conventional warheads, but this seems unlikely given the technical difficulties and costs involved in developing an effective non-nuclear ABM system. In addition to the ABM interceptors, a considerable number of mobile SA-10 Grumble surface-to-air missiles may also have nuclear capability against some types of ballistic missiles.

]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31430.32836000,59.80360800Hinkkanen (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Hinkkanen. Read more...
Engels Air Base near Saratov, Russian Federation, is the only Russian air base deploying Tupolev Tu-160s. Tupolev Tu-95s are also based here.

Two ships of this type have been built: Marshal Nedelin and Marshal Krylov

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Two ships of this type have been built: Marshal Nedelin and Marshal Krylov]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x314158.42891900,52.95130500Hinkkanen (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Hinkkanen. Read more...

]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31433.23765500,69.25883200kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The spectators can see only the ground part of the building made of concrete and glass, 36 metres from the arena to the dome in height. There are five platforms stored 18m underground that swap in and out during a show: equestrian, illusionist, ice, water and luminous.

It takes only 5-7 minutes to substitute one arena for another. Equipment installed under the ground makes these quick changes possible. One arena is pulled down, moved aside and another is moved to the aperture and lifted up by a "gigantic hand'.

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It takes only 5-7 minutes to substitute one arena for another. Equipment installed under the ground makes these quick changes possible. One arena is pulled down, moved aside and another is moved to the aperture and lifted up by a "gigantic hand'.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31437.54004700,55.69456800WacoKidd110 (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: WacoKidd110. Read more...
Crazy bridge, it’s barely wide enough for one car, and it’s iced over for much of the year—oh, and did we mention that there are no railings to catch your fall?

Where: Crossing over the Vitim River, a tributary of the Lena River, in eastern Siberia.

]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31420.40796300,54.77138500kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
Lots of other smaller dishes to the SE and a long line of MIGs on display. Probably a military air force / space command center.

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31437.95154100,55.86817800Hinkkanen (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Hinkkanen. Read more...
These are believed to be largest hovercrafts in the world. The prototype of the class was built in 1985 and series production started in 1988.

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31419.91288600,54.63534300susuman (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: susuman. Read more...
While it is said that a prison existed there since the 17th century, this actual building was erected in 1876. It has hosted many political prisoners, both during tsarist and communist eras. You can read about its atmosphere during the stalinist terro in Solzhenitzin and Shalamov.

]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x314135.02527200,48.57498200Hinkkanen (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Hinkkanen. Read more...
Andreyeva Guba, also known as Installation 928-III, is the largest storage facility in the Northern Fleet for radioactive waste, particularly spent nuclear fuel. It is part of the Zapadnaya Litsa Naval Base.

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31432.35744000,69.45193600kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The Kirov class (Soviet designation Project 1144 Orlan, meaning Sea eagle) nuclear powered missile cruisers, named after Sergey Kirov, are some of the largest and most powerful surface warships of the Russian Navy, though they were originally built for the Soviet Navy. They are among the biggest warships in the world, second only to aircraft carriers, and are similar in size to a World War I battleship. Although some call the Kirov a battlecruiser or battleship because of this, the Kirov lacks the characteristic heavy armour. It is more appropriate to consider the Kirov a super-sized guided missile cruiser, similar to the analogy Alaska-class cruiser which had a displacement of a battlecruiser but otherwise was more similar to heavy cruisers. The appearance of the Kirov class was a significant factor in the U.S. Navy recommissioning the Iowa class.

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31438.15267400,55.57183700kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
Krasnoyarsk-26, currently Zheleznogorsk, was established in 1950 to produce plutonium for weapons. The facility’s original name was the Combine 815. At present it is known as the Mining and Chemical Combine.

The Krasnoyarsk-26 industrial production area (a fenced off area on the surface) is about 17 km2. The sanitary-protection area is 131 km2. The plutonium production complex comprises the reactor plant, the radiochemical plant, the reactor coolant preparation plant, the partially completed RT-2 radiochemical plant, and the engineering plant. A distinctive feature of the plutonium production complex in Krasnoyarsk-26 is that the reactor plant, radiochemical plant, laboratories, and storage facilities are located 200-250 m underground, in a multi-level system of underground tunnels inside a mountain, which include water supply and ventilation systems are located in the mountain. To the north-west of the underground complex are underground reprocessing waste injection wells (the Northern test site).

The Krasnoyarsk-26 reactor plant consisted of three graphite reactors (AD, ADE-1, and ADE-2). Two graphite-moderated, light-water-cooled reactors, similar to the U.S. plutonium production reactors at Hanford, WA, were installed more than 200 meters into a mountainside. Both reactors were cooled by water directly from the Yenisey River. The first went into operation on 25 August 1958, and the second in 1961, producing plutonium-239 for nuclear weapons. In 1964, a third reactor went into operation with a closed-loop cooling system, not directly discharging into the river. The AD and ADE-1 reactors, which started in 1958 and 1961, were shut down in 1992. The third reactor generates heat and electricity for the local populations and cannot be shutdown before a replacement source of power becomes available.

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The Krasnoyarsk-26 industrial production area (a fenced off area on the surface) is about 17 km2. The sanitary-protection area is 131 km2. The plutonium production complex comprises the reactor plant, the radiochemical plant, the reactor coolant preparation plant, the partially completed RT-2 radiochemical plant, and the engineering plant. A distinctive feature of the plutonium production complex in Krasnoyarsk-26 is that the reactor plant, radiochemical plant, laboratories, and storage facilities are located 200-250 m underground, in a multi-level system of underground tunnels inside a mountain, which include water supply and ventilation systems are located in the mountain. To the north-west of the underground complex are underground reprocessing waste injection wells (the Northern test site).

The Krasnoyarsk-26 reactor plant consisted of three graphite reactors (AD, ADE-1, and ADE-2). Two graphite-moderated, light-water-cooled reactors, similar to the U.S. plutonium production reactors at Hanford, WA, were installed more than 200 meters into a mountainside. Both reactors were cooled by water directly from the Yenisey River. The first went into operation on 25 August 1958, and the second in 1961, producing plutonium-239 for nuclear weapons. In 1964, a third reactor went into operation with a closed-loop cooling system, not directly discharging into the river. The AD and ADE-1 reactors, which started in 1958 and 1961, were shut down in 1992. The third reactor generates heat and electricity for the local populations and cannot be shutdown before a replacement source of power becomes available.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31493.63784800,56.35678700Rene73 (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Rene73. Read more...
TM-3-12 (305mm) & TM-1 Railroad gun (180mm) at Fort Krasnaya Gorka

]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31437.61907600,55.75324400kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The closed city of Sverdlovsk-45, currently Lesnoy, was established in 1947 as a home to the Plant 418 – an electromagnetic separation (calutron) facility to produce HEU. An industrial-scale separation facility, SU-20, was completed at the Plant 418 simultaneously with the Soviet first gaseous diffusion plant D-1 in Sverdlovsk-44. Initially, the SU-20 facility was used to increase the level of enrichment of uranium received from the D-1 plant from 70 to 90 percent uranium-235. Improvements in the gaseous diffusion technology have subsequently eliminated the need in electromagnetic separation of uranium isotopes and the SU-20 facility was redirected to enrich non-uranium isotopes.

In the late 1950s, a portion of the Plant 418 was adopted to house a nuclear warhead assembly/disassembly facility – the Combine "Electrochimpribor." The Combine was established to duplicate the Electro-Mechanical Plant "Avangard" in Arzamas-16 in assembling physics packages and nuclear warheads. Eventually, it has become Russia’s largest warhead assembly complex.

Sverdlovsk-45 is located near Nizhnyaya Tura, approximately 160 km north of Yekaterinburg. Its population is 58,000. Approximately 10,000 work at the warhead production complex.

The warhead assembly/disassembly plant is located north-west of the residential area. The production complex is supported by two large national warhead stockpile storage sites, the nearest of which is located approximately 10 km west of the main production area.

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In the late 1950s, a portion of the Plant 418 was adopted to house a nuclear warhead assembly/disassembly facility – the Combine "Electrochimpribor." The Combine was established to duplicate the Electro-Mechanical Plant "Avangard" in Arzamas-16 in assembling physics packages and nuclear warheads. Eventually, it has become Russia’s largest warhead assembly complex.

Sverdlovsk-45 is located near Nizhnyaya Tura, approximately 160 km north of Yekaterinburg. Its population is 58,000. Approximately 10,000 work at the warhead production complex.

The warhead assembly/disassembly plant is located north-west of the residential area. The production complex is supported by two large national warhead stockpile storage sites, the nearest of which is located approximately 10 km west of the main production area.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31459.79429200,58.65346000kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
(historical imagery in Google Earth)

On 12 August 2000, the Russian Oscar II class submarine Kursk sank in the Barents Sea. The generally accepted theory is that a leak of hydrogen peroxide in the forward torpedo room led to the detonation of a torpedo warhead, which in turn triggered the explosion of up to seven other warheads about two minutes later. This second explosion was equivalent to about 2-3 tonnes of TNT and was large enough to register on seismographs across Northern Europe. However, alternative theories have been proposed.

Despite a rescue attempt by British and Norwegian teams, all 118 sailors and officers aboard Kursk died. A Dutch team later recovered the wreckage and all of the bodies, which were buried in Russia.

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On 12 August 2000, the Russian Oscar II class submarine Kursk sank in the Barents Sea. The generally accepted theory is that a leak of hydrogen peroxide in the forward torpedo room led to the detonation of a torpedo warhead, which in turn triggered the explosion of up to seven other warheads about two minutes later. This second explosion was equivalent to about 2-3 tonnes of TNT and was large enough to register on seismographs across Northern Europe. However, alternative theories have been proposed.

Despite a rescue attempt by British and Norwegian teams, all 118 sailors and officers aboard Kursk died. A Dutch team later recovered the wreckage and all of the bodies, which were buried in Russia.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31433.31567200,69.21630500kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
Russian Kanal Moskva, ship waterway linking Moscow to the Volga River at Ivankovo, north of Moscow. Built between 1932 and 1937, the canal replaced the canalized Moskva River, which can take only small craft, as the main water access to Moscow. The water journey to the important industrial centre of Nizhny Novgorod (formerly Gorky) was shortened by 75 miles (120 km). Length 128km.

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31437.45204900,55.81841100Hinkkanen (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Hinkkanen. Read more...
Gremikha Naval Base, also known as Yokanga, operates as a base and a refueling facility. However, as of April 1997, active submarines are not stationed at the base.

]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x314158.50651500,52.91776200kkeps (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kkeps. Read more...
Mount Elbrus (Karachay-Balkar: Минги-Тау (Mingi Taw), Russian: Эльбрус, Georgian: იალბუზი) is an inactive volcano located in the western Caucasus mountain range, in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia, Russia, near the border of Georgia. Mt. Elbrus's highest peak is the highest mountain in the Caucasus, in Russia. While there are differing authorities on how the Caucasus are distributed between Europe and Asia, many sources agree that Elbrus is also the highest mountain in all of Europe. Mt. Elbrus (west summit) stands at 5,642 meters (18,510 ft); the east summit is slightly lower at 5,621 meters (18,442 ft).

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31442.43916700,43.35500000Hinkkanen (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Hinkkanen. Read more...
Kostamus (Kostomuksha in Karelian) iron ore mine in Russian Karelia. Town of Kostamus is situated south of the mine.

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31430.68035100,64.68031800kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The closed city of Krasnoyarsk-45, currently Zelenogorsk, was established in the late 1950s – early 1960s to produce enriched uranium for the Soviet nuclear weapons program.

The construction of a gaseous diffusion plant probably began in the early 1960s and the plant started to produce enriched uranium in 1964. (In 1964, the U.S. intelligence community predicted that the plant would reach its design capacity in 1967.) In parallel, the construction of a large fossil fuel and hydro-electric plant (GRES-2) began to provide the enrichment complex and the town with heat and electricity.

In the 1960s, the Soviet Union began to replace the gaseous diffusion machines with centrifuges. The last gaseous diffusion cascade in Krasnoyarsk-45 was shut down in 1990.

Currently, the Electrochemical Plant in Krasnoyarsk-45 accounts for 29 percent of Russia's enrichment capacity. In addition to uranium, the complex also separates isotopes of tungsten, molybdenum, krypton, xenon, germanium, iron, sulfur, oxygen, and carbon. Since 1997, the facility has been involved in down-blending HEU from dismantled weapons under the U.S.-Russian HEU agreement.

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The construction of a gaseous diffusion plant probably began in the early 1960s and the plant started to produce enriched uranium in 1964. (In 1964, the U.S. intelligence community predicted that the plant would reach its design capacity in 1967.) In parallel, the construction of a large fossil fuel and hydro-electric plant (GRES-2) began to provide the enrichment complex and the town with heat and electricity.

In the 1960s, the Soviet Union began to replace the gaseous diffusion machines with centrifuges. The last gaseous diffusion cascade in Krasnoyarsk-45 was shut down in 1990.

Currently, the Electrochemical Plant in Krasnoyarsk-45 accounts for 29 percent of Russia's enrichment capacity. In addition to uranium, the complex also separates isotopes of tungsten, molybdenum, krypton, xenon, germanium, iron, sulfur, oxygen, and carbon. Since 1997, the facility has been involved in down-blending HEU from dismantled weapons under the U.S.-Russian HEU agreement.]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31494.48276500,56.12603600kjfitz (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: kjfitz. Read more...
The Typhoon class submarines are a type of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines deployed by the Soviet Navy in the 1980s. With a maximum displacement of 48,000 tonnes, Typhoons are the largest class of submarine ever built.

]]>]]>1root://styleMaps#default+nicon=0x304+hicon=0x31439.77017600,64.56895500Hinkkanen (VirtualGlobetrotting)
By: Hinkkanen. Read more...
Mayak nuclear fuel reprocessing plant at Ozersk which in 1957 was the site of Soviet Union's worst nuclear accident until Chernobyl. Ozersk was then known only as Chelyabinsk-40, and later Chelyabinsk-65.