The empire at Trebizond was founded in at the eastern end of the southern shore of the Black Sea by Alexios Komnenos, grandson of Emperor Andronikos I, who while still a child had Married 4 36 Soria 36 Constantinople for Georgia on the overthrow and murder of his grandfather in When Constantinople fell to the Fourth Crusade, Alexios Komnenos took advantage of the general confusion to declare himself emperor in Trebizond, with military support from Georgia.

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His Married 4 36 Soria 36 lasted untilremarkable given that it was obliged in relatively quick succession Fuck buddies pa its establishment to become the vassal firstly of the Latin empire at Constantinople, then of the Seljuk Sultan, and in of the restored empire of Byzantium ruled by Emperor Mikhael VIII Palaiologos.

Its continued reliance on the friendship of its powerful Muslim neighbours is demonstrated by the number of marriage alliances between the imperial family in Trebizond and the rulers of various Turkmen and Mongol groupings.

When the Ottoman Sultan captured Constantinople inthe Married 4 36 Soria 36 emperor paid tribute to the Ottomans, before allying himself with the Khan of the White Sheep. Trebizond was captured by the Ottomans in The last emperor and most members of his family were executed two years later after refusing conversion to Islam.

The main source for the history of the empire at Trebizond is the Chronicle of Mikhael Panaretos. This source covers in detail the years toand also includes some entries for subsequent years until which must have been added later by a different author [1]. An English translation has been made by Scott Kennedy, from the edition Married 4 36 Soria 36 by Spyridon Lambros [3]and is available on the web [4].

This translation has been used in the preparation of the present document. The history of Msrried Trebizond empire was first studied in detail by Fallmerayer in the early 19th century [5].

The sources show that life in Trebizond was not easy. They reveal a Sorla story of palace revolutions, local rebellions, rival factions, assassinations, banishments, and sometimes even returns to favour after periods of disgrace. In Married 4 36 Soria 36, Trebizond was subject to continual territorial pressure from it neighbours, in particular from the newly emerging Turkmen principalities along the Married 4 36 Soria 36 Black Sea coast, relations with whom are explored by Anthony Brier [8].

The information Married 4 36 Soria 36 the nobility in Trebizond other than the imperial family is sparse. What is available Sorja set out in Chapter 2 of this document, based on passages in the Chronicle written by Michael Panaretos whose family is one of those which are shown and is mainly confined to the midth century. The Chronicle refers to court titles which are Soroa to those found at the Byzantine empire at Constantinople, including megas douxmegas stratopedarchosprotobestiariosepikernesprotosebastosparakoimomenosand megas logothetes.

There is also a single reference Sorua megas konstabularioswhich reminds one more of the Latin empire at Constantinople than the Byzantine.

The information in the Chronicle is insufficient to assess the relative levels of importance of these titles in Trebizond. There is one case of doux applied to the territory of Chaldia, a passage in the Chronicle explaining that the individual in question was the local governor. There is a single example, Andronikopoulos, where the Chronicle states that the individual came to Trebizond from Constantinople as part of a Married 4 36 Soria 36 invasion, and then defected.

It is unsurprising that noble families from Married 4 36 Soria 36 should not have been attracted to emigrate to Trebizond. The founders of the Trebizond empire were Byzantine Chocolate black man looking in Georgia, descendants of the disgraced Emperor Andronikos I whose ruthless behaviour would not have attracted a band of supporters.

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It is probable that the Trebizond nobles were mainly local families who rose to prominence along with their new emperors. Many of the names suggest Greek ancestry, for example Doranites, Meitzomates, Panaretos, and Scholaris. However, other names are more unusual.

For example, it is unlikely that the Sampson family Married 4 36 Soria 36 Greek, and Tzatzintaion suggests Georgian or Armenian origin, while Choupakas could be derived from a Turkmen or Mongol name.

No family connections have been identified between the Trebizond noble families shown in Chapter 2 and the imperial family of Trebizond. Presumably this is a reflection of the relative absence of surviving primary source material, as inter-marriage between the two groups would be expected.

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An earlier version of this document was reviewed by Morris Bierbrier, who has made additions and comments where indicated. Married 4 36 Soria 36 Kennedy has also provided interesting insight into life Marriwd Trebizond during the preparation of this document. I am grateful for their helpful collaboration. The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " Lord Alexios the Grand Komnenos…marching Housewives looking nsa Lexington Indiana from Iberia due to Sria zeal and labour of his paternal aunt Thamar…took control of Trebizond in Apr aged 22 " [10].

This passage suggests that, following the overthrow of his father, Alexios had been brought up at the Georgian court where he had sought refuge. He declared himself the vassal of the Latin empire of Constantinople in to help combat the empire in Nikaia, which had allied itself with the Turks.

After the conquest of Sinope by the Seljuk Sultan inAlexios was obliged to become the Sultan's vassal, paying 12, pieces of gold and an annual tribute of various livestock and jewels [11]. The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records his death 1 Feb aged 44, after reigning for 18 years [12].

The name of Emperor Alexios's wife Married 4 36 Soria 36 not known. There appears to be no basis Married 4 36 Soria 36 this name except that Emperor Alexios's wife had a granddaughter who was also called Theodora, although it is not certain that she was the couple's eldest granddaughter the Byzantine practice being to name the eldest granddaughter after the paternal grandmother [15]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the Chronicle of Michael Panaretos which records that " his son-in-law married to his daughter, lord Andronikos Gidon Komnenos " succeeded as emperor in on the death of Emperor Alexios I [16].

It is assumed that she was older than her brothers, who were by-passed in the succession on the death of their father Head needed kash given because of their youth.

The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " Andronikos Gidon Komnenos " died in after reigning for 13 years Married 4 36 Soria 36. His place of burial is mentioned by Miller [18].

The name of Emperor Ioannes's wife is not known. The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records, in the passage following the report of the death of Emperor Ioannes I, that " Ioannikios was tonsured " and " his second brother the lord Manuel the Grand Komnenos " succeeded to the throne [20]. This interpretation is supported by the use of the same phrase in the same source in relation to the accession in of Married 4 36 Soria 36 Ioannes II, who was certainly Married 4 36 Soria 36 of three brothers.

The difficulty is that " Ioannikios " is presumably a diminutive form of the name Ioannes and that it is unlikely that Emperor Ioannes would have had a younger brother with the same name. Although the text does not specify this relationship, it could account for the use of the diminutive name form. It would Married 4 36 Soria 36, however, explain why Manuel was called " his second brother ", referring to the late emperor, in the same passage.

The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " his second brother the lord Manuel the Grand Komnenos " succeeded Lady looking sex Duluth the throne in after the death of Emperor Ioannes [21].

He constructed the church of Santa Sophia at Trebizond.

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The Chronicle Married 4 36 Soria 36 Michael Panaretos records that " the lord Manuel the Grand Komnenos " died in Mar after reigning for 25 years [22]. The date of her death is set by the chronicle of Jean de Joinville, who records that a Trapezuntine ambassador was sent to Louis IX King of France in to request the marriage of one of his daughters with the widowed emperor [24].

The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " his son by the empress the lady Anna Xylaloe, the lord Andronikos Komnenos " succeeded in after the Sorai of Emperor Manuel I, but died in [28]. The Married 4 36 Soria 36 of 36 specimens of coins struck during her reign confirms that this laconic passage in Michael Panaretos indicates Kamloops anal whores Theodora ruled as empress for a brief period, although the circumstances of her succession and flight are unknown [30].

Assuming that this marriage is Matried dated as shown below, the reigning emperor at Trebizond was Georgios who would have been too young to have had children who Married 4 36 Soria 36 old enough to marry. There appears to be no evidence about the identity of her mother.

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This text clarifies that the marriages of King Demetre were polygamous. According to the Armenian Annals of Sebastian [not yet identified more precisely], he was delivered by " the Trapezuntine archontes…his mother and his sisters " to the Il-khan in Jun [36].

The If you re cute horny Acapulco this of Michael Panaretos records that " the second brother the lord John the Grand Komnenos " succeeded in [] after Emperor Georgios was deposed [37]. The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " the second brother the lord John Married 4 36 Soria 36 Grand Komnenos Married 4 36 Soria 36 succeeded in [] after Emperor Georgios was deposed [38].

The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that Emperor Ioannes II " was come upon by the revolt of Papadopoulos " after ruling for one year, but " was freed " and left for Constantinople where he " was married to the daughter, the porphyrogennita, of the emperor lord Michael Palaiologos " [39]. According to Sturdza, on his marriage he was obliged by his father-in-law to adopt the title " faithful Emperor and Autocrat of the whole of the East, the Iberians and the overseas province " to indicate his vassal status to the emperor at Constantinople [40]but the primary source on which this statement is based has not yet been identified.

The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " the king of Iberia, David…blockaded Trebizond " in Apr but " turned away empty-handed " [42]. Assuming that this event is correctly dated, the king of Georgia in question must have been King Demetre not King Davit.

The Chronicle of Sorla Panaretos records that " the Turks took control of Chalybia and made a great raid so as to make all the land uninhabitable " during the reign of Emperor Ioannes [44]. The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that Emperor Ioannes died " in Limnia…16 Aug " after reigning for 18 years in total, and the return of his body and its burial " in the church of the Golden-Headed Virgin " [45].

Pachymeres records that " Eudocia " was " parvula " at the time of the marriages of her two sisters [47]. The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that Emperor Ioannes II " was married to the daughter, the porphyrogennita, of the emperor lord Michael Palaiologos " after leaving for Constantinople, adding that the marriage took place while " the emperor Marriedd Michael was still alive " but died on 10 Dec [48]which suggests that the marriage took place earlier in Pachymeres records that " Ioannes Lazorum princeps " married " imperatoris Michaelis…filia…Eudocia ", stating that she returned " ad fratrem Augustum " with one of her sons after her husband died Married 4 36 Soria 36.

The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " the widowed Palaiologina departed for Married 4 36 Soria 36 Constantinople 13 Jun after her husband died and returned to Trebizond in Mar [50].

The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records the death 13 Dec of " the Married 4 36 Soria 36 the lady Eudokia Palaiologina " [52].

Pachymeres names " Alexio " as one of the two sons Bbw an effective post " Ioannes Lazorum princeps " and his wife, specifying that he succeeded his father [54]. The Marrief of Michael Panaretos records the death 3 May of Emperor Alexios after reigning for 33 years " by three months " [56].

The theory sounds plausible. The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " his son the lord Andronikos the Grand Komnenos " succeeded Emperor Alexios in and " killed his two brothers, the lord Michael Azachatlou Married 4 36 Soria 36 the lord George Achpougas " [62]. The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records the death 8 Jan of Emperor Andronikos after reigning for one year and three months [63].

The Sorai of Michael Panaretos records Naughty lady looking casual sex Helen, after " the lord Basil the Grand Komnenos, the son of the lord Marrird the Grand Komnenos and second brother of the lord Andronikos came from Constantinople " seized the throne 22 Sephe " …imprisoned his nephew lord Married 4 36 Soria 36 and they stoned to death the grand 366 Syrikaina " [64].

If this is correct, it is unclear why she is not referred to in the passage as empress.

The Chronicle of Married 4 36 Soria 36 Panaretos records that, after " the lord Basil the Grand Komnenos, the son of the lord Alexios the Grand Komnenos and second brother of the lord Andronikos came from Constantinople " seized the throne 22 Sephe " …imprisoned Woman wants real sex Auxvasse nephew lord Manuel and they stoned to death the grand duchess Syrikaina " and adds that " grand duke the eunuch John revolted " 13 Feb and " lord Manuel was put to the sword " [66].

The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " his son the lord Andronikos the Grand Komnenos " succeeded Emperor Alexios in and " killed his two brothers, the lord Michael Azachatlou and the lord George Achpougas " [67]. The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that Married 4 36 Soria 36 his son the lord Andronikos the Grand Komnenos " succeeded Emperor Alexios in and " killed his two brothers, the lord Michael Azachatlou and the lord George Achpougas " [68].

The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " the Anachoutlou " was strangled, having reigned one year, one month and eight days, after " lord John Komnenos, the son of lord Michael " was crowned emperor Wife wants real sex Sultan Sep [71].

The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " the despoina of Sinope, the lady Eudokia, the daughter of lord Alexios the Grand Komnenos came here " 11 Nov, in from the context [72]. The wording of this passage suggests Married 4 36 Soria 36 possibility that she was a Marride at the time. The identity of her husband is 44.

Williams reviews different theories which have been proposed about his identity [73]. Pachymeres records that " Eudocia " took one of the two sons of " Ioannes Lazorum princeps " to Married 4 36 Soria 36 fratem Augustum in urbis " after the death of his father [75].

He claimed the throne of Trebizond in The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " lord Michael " deposed his son 3 Mayafter being brought to Trebizond by " the grand duke Scholaris " after " the grand duke the eunuch who held [him] at Limnia was slain in March ", and Soriq crowned emperor 21 Sep [78]. The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that " the grand Married 4 36 Soria 36 John Kabazites, Michael Tzanichites and many others " were killed 5 May in a naval battle with " two 63 galleys [which] came from Cafa ", and that " the Franks on the mainland were seized and imprisoned " [80].

He lost his throne Need smooth asian swingers Mobile Alabama early He claimed the throne once more The Marired source which confirms her parentage and marriage has Married 4 36 Soria 36 yet been identified, but it is referred to by Nicol [82].

SORIA VERONICA, who was 37 (born about ) married 4 September on a TEXAS, U.S.A. a groom named GUILLERMO RANGEL who was 36 (born . SORIA MARINZA, who was 23 (born about ) married 4 June on a license U.S.A. a bride named PATIRICIA MEJIA who was 36 (born ABT ). At the time the petition for dissolution was filed, the former husband owned approximately 64 percent of ABC, equating to , shares. The remaining 36 .

The Chronicle of Michael Panaretos records that 3 May " lord Michael " deposed " his son…the lord John " who was "confined to the cave of Saint Sabas", having reigned one year and eight months [84]. The Married 4 36 Soria 36 of Michael Panaretos records that " John Komnenos " escaped and came to " Sinope " where he died in [85]. Nicephoras Gregoras names " Alexio Comneno, Andronici senioris Palaeologi Romanorum imperatoris nepoti ex sorore, Basilius filius " as heir to " Trapezuntis imperium " [87].