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New research is giving scientists a greater understanding of how a brain becomes susceptible to depression and anxiety on a molecular level and why some people are resistant to antidepressants.

"Unfortunately, more than half of all depressed patients fail to respond to their first drug treatment," senior study author Rene Hen, of Columbia University, said in a news release. "The reasons for this treatment resistance remain enigmatic. Elucidating the exact nature of both the factors predisposing to depression and the mechanisms underlying treatment resistance remains an important and unmet need." The findings are published in the Jan. 14 issue of the journal Neuron.