I've just finished editing a manuscript for a client
writing a thriller. His goal was to write a book that was a little deeper and
more complex than the average thriller, while keeping the same page-turning
qualities, and he certainly succeeded. I'm not at liberty to talk about this
author or the plot of his novel quite yet, but I hope that you will hear of him
soon!

In the meantime, editing this manuscript has made me
think of the elements necessary in a successful thriller, and about how many of
them apply to any genre. In my opinion, a good thriller:

1. ...Is thrilling. A literary novel is called such
because of the way it is written. Romances and Science Fiction novels are
categorized as they are because of their subject matter. But a book is labeled
a thriller because of what it does to the reader: it thrills us.

2. ...Has high stakes. Vonnegut says that the
protagonist needs to want something, even if it's only a glass of water, and
that he/she must want it badly. This is true of the protagonist in any genre.
However, in a thriller, the stakes are higher than mere personal thirst:
usually, the protagonist wants (needs) to save the world. These high stakes
(will the protagonist be successful? Will the world be saved?) make us readers
keep reading.

3. ...Shows and tells but mostly shows.
"Telling"--that is, exposition--is a necessary component of any
novel. Sometimes we need description, or a bit of background information, to
ground the reader in the world. But successful thrillers "show" much
more than they tell--that is, they use scenes to reveal the action, character,
and plot, and to keep moving the story forward. The narrator cannot tell us the
protagonist is brave: we need to see her or him acting bravely for ourselves.

4. ...Has short chapters that end in cliffhangers.
Chapters in thrillers are not thirty pages long; they're five to ten pages
long, more or less. The chapter length seems to be in keeping with the
fast-paced, roller coaster action ride that is our reading of the novel. As an
editor, I make a note to myself each time I set down the manuscript to take a
break, pour myself more coffee, etc., and then I go back and try to see if
there is a pattern. Did I set down the manuscript because I was tired, or
because the story wasn't moving forward? The writer whose novel I just edited
was adept at ending every chapter on a suspenseful note, so that the reader
thinks, "Just one more chapter before bed..." (This is the goal of
any writer, right? To make our readers sleepy and grouchy in the morning due to
their reading past their bedtimes!)

5. ...Doesn't neglect character development. I think
one of the main differences between a literary novel and a thriller is that in
the former, the plot comes organically out of the character, whereas in the latter,
the plot is often thrust upon him or her. (Oh,
you don't want to save the world? You just want to keep drinking or parenting
or sleeping or working or whatever it is you're doing? Sorry, you need to drop
all that and go make the world safe for democracy once more...) That said,
strong, believable characters make books in any genre--including thrillers--more
gripping. When we can feel what it's like to be this human being, leaving his
or her comfort zone to battle the villains, the book becomes deeper, the world
becomes more real, and we care more about what happens to our protagonist.

My list is not meant to be exhaustive. If you have
anything to add, please do so below. How do you think the writers (of thrillers) successfully THRILL us?