Harry S. Stout, Upon the Altar of the Nation: A Moral History of the American Civil War (New York: Viking, 2006). References to Palmer on pp. 213, 254, 274-275, 415-416.

Mark A. Noll, The Civil War as a Theological Crisis (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 2006). References to Palmer on p. 117.

Peter S. Onuf, “Antebellum Southerners and the National Idea,” in The Old South’s Modern Worlds: Slavery, Region, and Nation in the Age of Progress, ed. by L. Diane Barnes, B. Schoen, and F. Towers (Oxford University Press, 2011). References to Palmer on pp. 33, 37.