Chapter 28 Abdominal and Genitourinary Injuries

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The abdomen is the major body cavity, extending from the ____ to the ____.

diaphragm

pelvis

Four organs commonly found in the RUQ:

Liver

Gallbladder

Duodenum of the intestines

Small portion of the pancreas

Two organs found in the LUQ:

Stomach

Spleen

Two organs found in the LLQ:

The descending colon

The left half of the transverse colon

Two organs found in the RLQ:

Large and small intestines - the ascending colon and the right half of the transverse colon

The appendix

When ruptured or lacerated, the contents of the hollow organs spill into the ____ cavity causing and inflammation called ____.

peritoneal

peritonitis

The small intestine is composed of the (three things):

duodenum

jejunum

ileum

Large intestine consists of the (three things):

cecum

colon

rectum

Intestinal blood supply comes from the ____.

mesentery

Connects the small intestine to the posterior of the abdominal wall

mesentery

Cullen sign

periumbilical bruising

Liver and spleen injuries refer pain to the ____; called ____ sign.

shoulder

Kehr

Tearing pain from the abdomen posteriorly may be:

dissected aneurysm.

Pain following the angle from the lateral hip to the midline of the groin can be the result of damage to the (two things):

kidneys

ureters

Often a jarring motion (rebound tenderness or ____ sign) will alert the patient to the peritonitis.

Blumberg

Conscious or unintentional stiffening of the muscles of the surface of the abdomen to avoid further pain.

Guarding

Injuries caused by handheld or hand-powered objects, such as knives and other edged weapons

Low-velocity

Injuries caused by smaller caliber handguns and shotguns

Medium-velocity

Injuries caused by larger weapons, such as high-powered rifles and higher-powered handguns

High-velocity

Bruises around the umbilicus, called the ____ sign, are predictive of significant internal abdominal bleeding.

Cullen

A common finding during assessment of patients with an injured liver is the ____ sign (left shoulder pain caused by blood in the peritoneal cavity).

Kehr

black tarry stools

melena

Use the term ____ if you cannot hear the bowel sounds.

hypoactive

Use the term ____ if you hear a lot of gurgling and the sounds of gas moving about frequently.

hyperactive

The most common sign of significant abdominal injury is:

tachycardia

When used alone, diagonal shoulder safety belts can cause all of the following EXCEPT:
A. a bruised chest.
B. decapitation.C. a ruptured appendix.
D. a lacerated liver.

C. a ruptured appendix.

(this multiple choice question has been scrambled)

Because of supine hypotensive syndrome, a pregnant patient should be placed in what position when a backboard is not necessary?
A. on her right sideB. on her left side
C. on her back with her head up
D. on her back with her feet up