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Abstract

We report high-intensity nano-aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) with sub-100nm near-field spots using ridge apertures. Power transmission efficiency through different ridge apertures, including bowtie, C, H and I-shaped apertures on VCSELs were studied. Significantly higher transmission efficiencies were obtained from the ridge apertures than those from conventional square apertures. Mechanisms for high transmission through the ridge apertures are explained through simulation and waveguide theory. A new quadruple-ridge aperture is proposed and designed via simulation. With the high-intensity and small spot size, VCSELs using these ridge nano-apertures are very promising means to realize applications such as ultrahigh-density near-field optical data storage and ultrahigh-resolution near-field imaging etc.

Figures (12)

2 distribution inside the top DBR pairs and SiO2 layer. The real part of the refractive index of each layer is also shown. The distance in x-axis starts from around the oxidation layer and goes up to the SiO2 layer.

Near-field intensity distribution 20nm away; a) from the bowtie aperture; b) from the C-aperture; c) from the H-aperture; d) from the I-aperture. All the intensity patterns are normalized to incident intensity. The white lines are the outlines of these apertures.

(a), (b) Ex and Ez distribution in XZ plane cut along center of two metals tips of the bowtie-aperture; (c), (d) Ex and Ez distribution in XZ plane cut along center of a 130nm square aperture. The Au film thickness for both the bowtie aperture and the square aperture is 150nm. The white lines in the figures show the outline of the Au film. Light is incident from top of the figures. The magnitudes of all field components here are normalized to the incident light.