Challenges Facing Egypt’s National Security in Sinai

In Sinai, the Egyptian state is facing difficulty to enforce its sovereignty and legitimacy over the whole population and land, especially in the North Sinai Governorate. Therefore, the military operation is likely to expand to pursue Jihadist groups and activities of Salafist groups. The Jihadist groups are no longer secluded organizations in the desert; instead, have become part of the Bedouin life fabric. The presence of all kinds of Islamist groups in the Bedouin life is an evidence that there are deep social and cultural shifts related to their presence and incorporation into the Bedouin life many years ago.