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Scandinavian languages are a distinct group that is part of the Germanic languages Indo-European family. The group includes Norwegian, Swedish, Danish, fereysky and Icelandic languages. Occurred from the Scandinavian languages dialects Germanic tribes inhabiting the southern part of Scandinavia and all the adjacent islands in the early years of our era. According to some assumptions in the eastern Baltic coast there were ancient Scandinavian colony. 5-6 centuries ad, Danish (or Scandinavian South) tribes by seizing territory, settled first in Jutland, and then in Schleswig. Start the Viking Age (8 century) has begun widespread dissemination of Scandinavian dialects and languages outside Scandinavia, but in some areas they kept not for long. During the period of C8 in Orkney, Shetland, and Hebrides Fereyskih Islands in Scotland and Ireland as well as the Isle of Man appeared Norwegian dialects.

In the 9 century Danish and some Norwegian dialects used in the northern and eastern parts of England. Swedish dialect, and got them to talk dissemination in the Novgorod region and the territory of Kievan Rus' as the language spoken by the prince's retinue. By the end of September the century Norwegian dialects have been used in Iceland, and about 900 a year part of the Norwegian dialects and Danish dialect spread to the territory of Normandy. In Greenland, Iceland and Norwegian dialects spread by the end of September of the century. In addition gradually spread Scandinavian dialects and them talking in northern Scandinavia. During the conquest of the Swedes in Finland, Estonia and later in the 13-14 centuries, amplified the effect of Scandinavian colonies in the eastern Baltic region, resulting in this territory dominated by the Scandinavian dialect groups, in particular the Swedish language.