As salt is squeezed out of freezing sea water a slushy mixture known as brine is formed (a salty liquid mixture)

calving

When icebergs break away from ice shelves

carbon

A natural chemical element found in all living, or once living things

carbon-13

A natural form of carbon found more in sea ice algae than in open ocean algae

carbon cycle

Just as the "water cycle" describes the transfer of water molecules between rivers, oceans, land and the atmosphere, the "carbon cycle" refers to the flow of carbon through different parts of the Earth system – including the air and the bodies of plants and animals

carbon dioxide

When a carbon atom joins with two oxygen atoms, a lot of carbon dioxide comes from burning things containing carbon