Effective Listening: Watching the speaker to pick up physical gestures and facial expressions, thinking about what you want to say before responding, asking questions, repeating and providing feedback.

Filtering : A phenomenon that occurs when a large portion of the message is lost in vertical/horizontal communication.

Noise: Anything that interferes with the transmission and understanding of the message (e.g., distance).

Paralingual: means the pitch and tone of your voice. This also helps to convey a message.

Memos, emails are examples of non-formal communication.

Reports, Metrics are example of formal communication.

Approximately 70-90% of project manager's time is spend communicating.

PM's spend ~50% of their time in meetings.

Three basic elements of interpersonal communication:

The sender (or encoder) of the message.
The signal or the message.
The receiver (or decoder) of the message.

Number of communication channel will be calculated using formula n*(n-1)/2 where n is the number of people involved in the communication. So if there are ten stakeholders in a project, there are 10*9/2 = 45 channels of communication

These questions are randomly taken from TechFaq360 PMP success kit

Question - 29

You have successfully completed a project.You have now been assigned a project which is midway into its execution.You have had to take this project due to non availability of the current project manager due to health.This is a complex project involving multiple contractors and teams at various geographical locations.You decide to look up the requirements of the types of reports and frequency of sending them.Where would you find this information?1.Project Management Plan2.Scope Management Plan3.Communication Management Plan4.Stakeholder Analysis

Correct Answer is : 3 Explanation :The correct answer is Communication Management Plan.This Plan provides information such as frequency of communication , type of communication , who is responsible for communication.Hence this is the correct answer.

Question - 30

You are in charge of a project that deals with laying out a lavish 18 hole golf course.The project work is in progress.You also have a number of contractors working on the project.Being an experienced manager you know that communication is key to success of the project.You have identified 10 stakeholders with whom you need to communicate.Due to some internal and external organizational changes at the client end three new stakeholders have been added with whom you need to communicate with.You also had to reduce one of the contractors with whom you were communicating.How many communication channels do you have now?1.232.353.454.66

Correct Answers are : 1 Explanation :

Originally you had 10 stakeholders to communciate with - so number of communication channels were 10 * (10-1) /2 = 45.However the question states that 3 new stakeholders got added while 1 stakeholder got reduced.So total number of stakeholders = 10 + 3 -1 = 12 So the total number of communication channels are (12 * ( 12-1 )) /2 = 66 So the correct answer is option D