Tensile Testing of Steel Cords

Materials

Test Types

Steel cord is formed by twisting multiple strands of steel wires together to form a cord structure. This is often used as a reinforcement material in conveyor belts and radial tires for passenger cars, buses, or heavy equipment vehicles. Compared to other traditional reinforcement materials like nylon, steel cords possess superior mechanical properties, such as higher tensile strength and modulus and better heat resistance. When used as a reinforcement material in radial tires, it offers high road stability, improved steering response, and longer tire service life. Since some of the key performance indicators of tires are dependent on the reinforcing steel cord, it is important for an engineer to understand the properties of the tire cord and how it functions in a tire.

There are many challenges to account for when testing stranded wire. As stranded wire is not a consistent diameter, generally a nominal diameter is used (as defined in the product standard). As well as the irregularity of the surface, when a specimen is pulled in tension each strand will rotate. Therefore, if a clip-on extensometer is being used, it must be able to rotate. It is also necessary to have a long gauge length, so Instron offers a 600mm G.L. extensometer with 15 degrees of twist available. When stranded wire breaks, the energy released at failure is substantial, and the specimen ‘splays’ out. This may cause damage to extensometers, machine or even operators.

5900 Universal Testing Systems are engineered for precision, built for durability, and offer the flexibility for changing requirements. They are designed with standard and optional features that increase testing efficiency and improve the testing experience for the operator. A wide range of models are available for testing capacities from < 100N up to 600kN.

Bluehill Universal Software is built from the ground-up for touch interaction and an intuitive user experience. Discover simpler and smarter testing with features such as pre-loaded test methods, QuickTest in seconds, enhanced data exporting: and Instron Connect – a new feature that provides a direct communication link to Service.
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