Example Question #50 : Political History

The breakdown of imperial structures in Europe, after the fall of Rome, caused the rise of __________________.

Possible Answers:

tribalism

democratic republics

feudalism

capitalism

Communism

Correct answer:

feudalism

Explanation:

After the fall of Rome, European political structures changed from an imperial model, in which a sovereign had both legal and real authority over military and economic policies, to a feudal system, in which aristocrats pledged their allegiance to a king, and were expected to provide men-at-arms and taxes.

Communism is a political ideology within the Marxist school of thought, which did not begin until the 19th century.

There were few, if any, democratic Republics during this period.

Capitalism did not begin until the end of the feudal period.

Tribalism can be found all over the world, even to this day, but the breakdown of Rome did not cause Europe to become tribal.

A system where promotions are made based on ability rather than familial status

The name given to Genghis Kahn’s style of intimidation and warfare

None of the other answer choices is correct.

A religious sect of ancient Confucianism

The name given to the Japanese concept of chivalry and honor

Correct answer:

A system where promotions are made based on ability rather than familial status

Explanation:

Meritocracy is the name given to a system in which promotions are made and jobs awarded based on the ability of an individual rather than the status of his or her family. Genghis Khan famously introduced this concept to his Mongolian forces, greatly improving the efficiency of his forces and the loyalty of his men.

Example Question #51 : Political And Governmental Structures

Ghana was the most powerful region of __________ during much of the Middle Ages.

Possible Answers:

South Africa

West Africa

North Africa

the Middle East

Southern Europe

Correct answer:

West Africa

Explanation:

Ghana was the most powerful region of West Africa during much of the Middle Ages. Most notably, the powerful Ashanti Empire was formed in Ghana in the thirteenth century. Other powerful empires in the region include the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire.

Example Question #52 : Political And Governmental Structures

The Chinese eunuch Zheng He was famous for his role as ______________.

Possible Answers:

admiral of the Chinese fleet during the exploration period of Ming China

general of the rebellious Chinese army when the Ming forces defeated the Yuan Dynasty

overseer of the construction of the Great Wall of China, designed to prevent Mongol invasion

leader of the failed peasant rebellion that occurred in the early years of the Ming Dynasty

leader of the failed peasant rebellion that occurred in the early years of the Yuan Dynasty

Correct answer:

admiral of the Chinese fleet during the exploration period of Ming China

Explanation:

Zheng He was a eunuch and an admiral of the Chinese fleet during the early Ming Dynasty. Between 1405-1433 Zheng He conducted a series of expeditionary voyages in South Asia and East Africa. He is responsible for spreading the influence of Chinese culture and for demonstrating the growing power of the Chinese State. He was a favorite of the Yongle Emperor, but following the latter’s death his voyages were discontinued. The “treasure voyages” of Zheng He present an interesting alternative historical development — one where China, instead of Europe, was the first to arrive and colonize North America.

During the Heian period, power in Japan was concentrated in the hands of the __________.

Possible Answers:

Nakatomi clan

Fujiwara clan

Hirohito clan

Tokugawa clan

Meiji clan

Correct answer:

Fujiwara clan

Explanation:

During the Heian period of Japanese history much of the power was concentrated in the hands of the wealthy Fujiwara clan. The Fujiwara clan was able to marry into imperial house of Japan and control national politics to suit their interests.

Example Question #54 : Political And Governmental Structures

Which of these statements best describes pre-Tokugawa politics in Medieval Japan?

Possible Answers:

A republic in which many people contributed to politics and elected representatives

None of these

Political power was heavily decentralized; the country was ruled by local warlords

Political power was heavily centralized; the country was ruled by an authoritarian emperor

A military run police-state in which civil liberties and personal freedoms were suppressed

Correct answer:

Political power was heavily decentralized; the country was ruled by local warlords

Explanation:

The Tokugawa Period (also called the Edo Period) of Japanese history lasted from 1603 until 1868 (and the Meiji Restoration). Prior to the rule of the Tokugawa Shogunate political power in Japan was heavily decentralized and the country was ruled and administered by various warlords and wealthy landowners. The Tokugawa Shogunate united the country and brought to an end the fractious rule of feudalism.

Example Question #55 : Political And Governmental Structures

The Capetian Dynasty ruled for several centuries in which of these modern-day European countries?

Possible Answers:

France

Spain

England

Italy

Norway

Correct answer:

France

Explanation:

The Capetian Dynasty ruled over the modern-day kingdom of France from the tenth century, beginning with Hugh Capet, until the fourteenth century. The Capetian Dynasty was instrumental in the formation of the modern French state.

Example Question #56 : Political And Governmental Structures

Which of these Chinese dynasties succeeded the Mongol-ruled Yuan Dynasty?

Possible Answers:

Shang

Ming

Qing

Zhou

Han

Correct answer:

Ming

Explanation:

The Yuan Dynasty was founded by the Mongol warlord Kublai Khan in 1271. It served as an imperial dynasty of China throughout Mongol occupation. The Yuan Dynasty began to decline in the mid-fourteenth century and, after a series of famines and rebellions, was overthrown and replaced by the Ming Dynasty in 1368.

Example Question #57 : Political And Governmental Structures

__________ were the necessary foundations for the growth of powerful monarchies in Western Europe during the early modern period?

Possible Answers:

Taxes and standing armies

Farming and industry

Propaganda and trade

Militias and the support of the papacy

Parliaments and the aristocracy

Correct answer:

Taxes and standing armies

Explanation:

Western European history from the eleventh century onwards witnessed the gradual development of the nation-state. The idea of the nation-state first emerged with the Concordat of Worms and was later solidified by the Peace of Westphalia. In medieval Europe the rise and power of nation-states was generally due to the emergence of powerful monarchies that could effectively coordinate the resources of the entire country they reigned over. Standing armies and a system of taxation were necessary to ensure the power of the monarchy and to minimize the influence of the nobility (who would otherwise be empowered by the responsibility to provide for the defense and finances of the realm).

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