yellow cake

기아사태도 북한이 협상을 통해 핵을 버리게 하지는 않을 것 같다.

Even mass hunger may not drive North Korea into bargaining away its nuclear capability.*not drive ~ into ~*mass hunger=femine 대량 기아 사태

3

bargain away

Even mass hunger may not drive North Korea into bargaining away its nuclear capability.*to give away something valuable or important in exchange for something less valuable or important

4

심지어 북한 언론 조차도 인정한다는 것은, 상황이 정말 안 좋은 것이다.

When even the North Korean press admits it, things must be pretty bad. *상황을 things라 표현했다는 점.

5

flourish [flɜ:rɪʃ] 1

upbeat [ʌpbi:t] 1

The traditional "Joint new year editorial" carried in all the country's newspapers flourished the usual upbeat slogan.[VERB] If something flourishes, it is successful, active, or common, and developing quickly and strongly. [ADJ] [INFORMAL] If people or their opinions are upbeat, they are cheerful and hopeful about a situation. 기존부터 계속 있어 온 "신년 공동 사설"

6

true to

"Gloryfy this year 2012 as a year of proud victory, a year when an era of prosperity is unfolding, true to the instructions of the great General Kim Jung-il.*~의 본질에 걸맞게, ~가 사실임을 입증하듯.

7

allude to [əlu:d]2

plight [plaɪt] 1

It did allude to the plight in which the great general left his people when he died last month: "The food problem is a burning issue in building a thriving country."[VERB] [FORMAL] If you allude to something, you mention it in an indirect way. [NOUN] If you refer to someone's plight, you mean that they are in a difficult or distressing situation that is full of problems.

8

preside [prɪzaɪd] 2 over

perish [perɪʃ] 1

After his father, Kim Il Sung, died in 1994, Kim Jong Il presided over a famine in which perhaps 1m of his people perished.*to lead or be in charge of a meeting, ceremony, etc. [VERB] [WRITTEN] If people or animals perish, they die as a result of very harsh conditions or as the result of an accident.

9

stall [stɔ:l]

But to win their help, North Korea will have to talk about its nuclear programme, which means resuming the "six-party talks", which have now been stalled for over three years.*win their help:도움을 얻어내기 위해서[VERB] If a process stalls, or if someone or something stalls it, the process stops but may continue at a later time. 회담이 중단될 때 많이 쓰이는 표현!

10

draw down the blinds

On Kim Jong Il's death, many North Korea-watchers expeceted that the country would in effect draw down the blinds to mourn the great man.*On (~ing): ~하자마자*watcher: 관련 전문가들*외부와의 연락을 차단하다.

11

intent onconsolidate [kənsɒlɪdeɪt] 2bestow [bɪstoʊ] 2fawn [fɔ:n]

The young Un, meanwhile, would be intent on consolidating the positions bestowed on him by the fawning press.*If you are intent on doing something, you are eager and determined to do it.= bent on.[VERB] If you consolidate something that you have, for example power or success, you strengthen it so that it becomes more effective or secure. [VERB] [FORMAL] To bestow something on someone means to give or present it to them. [VERB] [disapproval] If you say that someone fawns over a powerful or rich person, you disapprove of them because they flatter that person and like to be with him or her. 싸바싸바

Since the young Kim has a reputation as a muscle-flexing warmonger, allegedly behind North Korean outrages against South Korean targets in 2010, it was even feared that he might mark his accession with fresh military provocations, or a new nuclear test.*힘 자랑 *outrage: 극악무도한 행위 *fresh 새로 하는[NOUN] [disapproval] If you describe a politician or leader as a warmonger, you disapprove of them because you think they are encouraging people to start or join a war. [ADJ] [FORMAL] An alleged fact has been stated but has not been proved to be true. ~라고들 하는[NOUN] [FORMAL] Accession is the act of taking up a position as the ruler of a country.

13

그는 그녀와 결혼 했을 때 대학을 졸업한지 얼마 안 됐다.

He was fresh from college when he married her.

14

sound out

In the lst few months of Kim Jong Il's life, North Korea had begun sounding out the other parties to the talks.[VERB] [tr, adverb] to question (someone) in order to discover (opinions, facts, etc) *to tha talks:대화에 참여하는cf) He sounded out the others on the talks.그는 다른 이들에게 그 대화에 대해 의견을 물어보았다.

15

tentative [tentətɪv] 1

Hillary Clinton, America's secretary of state, invited another North Korean official to New york, and dialogue, tentatively, began again.[ADJ] Tentative agreements, plans, or arrangements are not definite or certain, but have been made as a first step.

16

coincide with [koʊɪnsaɪd] 1 3concession [kənseʃən] 2

There is a lengthy list of occasions when American aid offers have coincided with North Korean diplomatic concessions.*a lengthy list of occasions: 많은 사례뜰.[VERB] If one event coincides with another, they happen at the same time. [NOUN] [oft N to/from n] If you make a concession to someone, you agree to let them do or have something, especially in order to end an argument or conflict.

17

이러한 경우에, 식량제공은 북한이 우라늄 농축 프로그램을 중단하는 것에 기여한 것처럼 보인다.

In this case, the offer of food seems to have helped produce a North Korean willingness to freeze its uranuim-enrichment programme.*help produce ** willingness to ~: ~에 대한 의지를 낳게 했다 =>~에 기여했다.

18

suspend [səspend] 2legacy [legəsi] 1

That deal is suspended now but Euan Graham points out that the pursuit of American aid can be portrayed as part of Kim Jong Il's legacy.[VERB] If you suspend something, you delay it or stop it from happening for a while or until a decision is made about it. [NOUN] [with supp, usu N of n, n N] A legacy of an event or period of history is something which is a direct result of it and which continues to exist after it is over. (과거의)유산

19

pressing need/concern hard cashperk [pɜ:rk]1

As Mr Graham points out, Kim Jong Un also has another pressing need from the outside world: (need) for hard cash to pay for the perks and luxuries that keep the North Korean elite sweet.*급박한 필요[NOUN] Hard cash is money in the form of notes and coins as opposed to a cheque or a credit card. 눈에 보이는 돈; 손에 잡히는 돈[NOUN] Perks are special benefits that are given to people who have a particular job or belong to a particular group.

20

grease/oil the wheels [gri:s] patronage [pætrənɪdʒ, peɪt-] 1

But they have always managed to grease the wheels of the patronage networks and corruption that have kept them in power.*help something to happen easily and without problems, especially in business or politics [NOUN] Patronage is the support and money given by someone to a person or a group such as a charity.

21

돈을 더 들게 만드는 건 두가지 기념일이 있어서 였습니다.

Further fuelling the demand for cash are two big anniversaries.

22

그리고 4월은 김일성이 태어난 지 100주년 기념이 있는 달인데, 북한의 번영을 보여주는 신호탄으로 여겨져 왔습니다.

And April marks the centenary of the birth of Kim Il Sung, an event long foreshadowed as signalling North Korea’s achievement of prosperity. *mark의 사용/ april주어

23

foreshadow [fɔ:rʃædoʊ] 2

And April marks the centenary of the birth of Kim Il Sung, an event long foreshadowed as signalling North Korea’s achievement of prosperity. [VERB] If something foreshadows an event or situation, it suggests that it will happen.

24

그러나 북한은 구걸하면서 오지는 않을 것입니다.

North Korea, however, is not going to come begging.

25

rally [ræli] allegiance [əli:dʒəns]2

A mass rally in Pyongyang this week to swear allegiance to Mr Kim junior on behalf of the 1.2 m members of the army, made the pledge to "wipe out the enemies to the last one if they intrude into the inviolable sky, land and seas of the country even 0.001mm.[NOUN] A rally is a large public meeting that is held in order to show support for something such as a political party. [NOUN] Your allegiance is your support for and loyalty to a particular group, person, or belief.

26

rail [reɪl]editorial [edɪtɔ:riəl] 1 3

The new year editorial railed against the "group of traitors" in South Lorea.[VERB] [WRITTEN] If you rail against something, you criticize it loudly and angrily. [NOUN] An editorial is an article in a newspaper which gives the opinion of the editor or owner on a topic or item of news.

That suggests that the government thinks engagement with the South, and by extension the West, can wait until after the South Korean presidential election in December.

28

그건 나중에 해도 돼

That can wait.

29

candid [kændɪd] 1

In Beiging this week South Korea's president Lee Myung-bak exchanged "candid views" with Chinese leaders on this "crucial moment" on the Korean peninsula.

30

exasperate [ɪgzɑ:spəreɪt, -zæs-] 2ineptitude [ɪneptɪtu:d] 2

Chaina may be exasperated with its Korean ally's economic ineptitude, but seems more afraid of the collapse of the regime and Korean reunification.[VERB] If someone or something exasperates you, they annoy you and make you feel frustrated or upset. [NOUN] [disapproval] If you refer to someone's ineptitude, you are criticizing them because they do something with a complete lack of skill. =clumsiness

31

play hard to getdeterrent [dɪtɜ:rənt]2

China may not give enough food, but its political support allows North Korea to play hard to get, and, even if it does agree to resume talks, it will cling to its primitive nuclear deterrent. however hungry its people might become.*pretend not to be interested in somebody/something in order to increase somebody's interest in or desire for you [NOUN] A deterrent is a weapon or set of weapons designed to prevent enemies from attacking by making them afraid to do so.

32

1. 아무리 경제제재 조치를 가해도 북한은 궁지에 몰리지 않을 것이다.

Any number of economic sanctions won’t drive the North into a corner.

33

2. 대통령의 4년 임기 이후 그 나라는 더더욱 가난에 허덕이게 되었다.

The four year term left the country under even worse poverty.

34

3. 장원규 한국 외무장관과 힐러리 미국 국무장관이 오늘 회담을 가졌다.

Foreign Minister Jiang and his American counterpart Hillary Clinton had a meeting today.