We are a country that rightly values freedom of speech. Accordingly there will be many people who make remarks on public platforms which are far beyond the bounds of acceptability in a pluralistic society while not being remarks that constitute criminal offenses.

As a result, the following story recurs periodically in the press:

Mr X who has a track record of divisive hate-filled speeches has spoken to an audience on the premises of Organisation Y. When challenged, Organisation Y responds that it knew nothing of Mr X’s record and reminds everyone that it does not have the resources to assess the histories of the many people who are invited to speak on its premises.

Such stories will continue to recur until some action is taken. What is required is a list of people regarded as unacceptable hate preachers that an organisation such as Y can use to check against the names of proposed speakers on its premises. Such a list would have other potential uses. For example:

The Charity Commission might wish to review whether persons on the list were fit and proper persons to be trustees of charities.

The Home Office might look particularly closely at foreigners on the list if they apply to be admitted to the UK.

No private sector organisation could maintain such a list. Including Mr X’s name on the list would immediately create exposure to a libel action. Defending such a libel action would involve playing with fire, given the exposure to heavy costs and the payment of damages. I believe that the Government however could give itself statutory exemption from libel claims, and it is therefore the right party to maintain such a list.

The broad operations of such a register are outlined below.

Adding a name to the list

The Government would add Mr X to the list (published on the internet), with full details of the hate speech that had led to his inclusion.

Consequences of inclusion

There would be no legal consequences from inclusion. Mr X would be free to speak at any venue where the owner of the premises would permit him. Provided the list had credibility, most respectable organisations in the UK could be expected to refuse Mr X permission to speak on their premises.

Crucially, if the Government is slapdash about listing people and cites evidence which most people do not regard as serious instances of hate speech, the list will fall into disrepute and organisations will start to ignore it. Accordingly the government would be incentivised to only list particularly egregious speakers where there is incontrovertible evidence of their utterances, and those utterances are universally deplored.

Getting yourself removed from the list

In principle, there are several reasons why Mr X might contend that he should not be included in the list.

(1) Inaccuracy

If Mr X did not make the comments cited against his name, he should write to the Government and explain this. If the Government did not rectify the list by removing Mr X, he could appeal to a tribunal which would decide the facts using the balance of probabilities test i.e. Is it more likely than not that Mr X made the remarks which the Government has cited against his name? The only role of the tribunal would be to decide whether Mr X had actually made the remarks. Assessing their unacceptability would be a matter for users of the list as explained below.

If the tribunal finds that Mr X did not make the alleged remarks, his name would be removed from the list. The tribunal would have no power to award costs, and appeals to the courts would only be possible on matters of law, not matters of fact.

(2) The comments were not hate speech

Mr X may consider that the comments were not hate speech and that the Government has put an unwarranted interpretation upon them. He would be permitted to write a rebuttal of a specified length which would sit on the register alongside the comments cited by the Government.

In this case Mr X would remain on the list. It would be up to list users to decide whether they concurred with the Government’s listing of Mr X in the light of his rebuttal. As indicated above, if the Government lists people “willy nilly” the register will fall into disrepute, so in that sense it has built in safeguards against the Government listing people without adequate grounds.

(3) Recantation

Mr X may accept that he made the cited remarks in the past, but state that they no longer represent his position. His recantation would be posted alongside his past comments, and the Government would move his name to a part of the list comprising names removed by virtue of recantation.

Having people publicly recant previous unacceptable comments should be regarded as a positive outcome all round. Having recanted, Mr X would no longer be classified as a hate preacher. His previous history would remain in the recantation section of the register, and he would be listed again if he resiled from his recantation.

Concluding comments

Hate preachers come from all religions. Furthermore people can “preach hatred” without claiming to speak on behalf of any religion. All such people would be eligible for inclusion on the register if their comments were of sufficient seriousness.

The register would not limit freedom of speech. Listed people would be free to speak wherever they could find a platform. However it would prevent organisations inadvertently giving a platform to undesirable people as a result of ignorance of their past utterances. The register would be relatively simple to manage, and the costs would be minor in comparison with the benefits.