Arch Linux is a rolling release distribution of GNU/Linux focusing on minimalism, simplicity, and elegance. Arch is often used by advanced users in light of its relatively difficult installation process. Arch is a distribution favored by the /g/ community for Desktop Customization.

Why Use Arch GNU/Linux?

The very complete Arch User Repository; every package you want is highly likely to be either in the official repositories or in the AUR.

Disadvantages to Using Arch GNU/Linux

In addition to the advantages of using Arch GNU/Linux, there are also a number of costs, including:

Offering bleeding-edge software can cause stability issues

When Arch GNU/Linux breaks, it is often difficult or time-consuming to repair'

A minimalist installation process can often confuse new users

Smaller community than other distributions, for example, Ubuntu

Installation

Arch installation is a fully command-line process. If you can't into command-line, you won't into Arch. See lesser distros such as Manjaro or Archbang for an automated install.

The Arch GNU/Linux website supplies ISO files that the user may burn to a disk, or use on a USB flash drive to install. In the past, Arch has offered a graphical interface throughout the installation, however, no longer does. For beginners, it is recommended to use the Arch Install Scripts, which help to provide an easier installation process. For average or advanced-level users, a Wiki page is offered on the Arch Wiki that describes the install process from scratch.

Package Management

pacman is the package manager for Arch. This uses the repos specified in /etc/pacman.conf.

Yaourt is one of many pacman wrappers that manages packages from the Arch User Repository. Beware, this software is not maintained by the distro maintainers.

AUR packages are, simply put, just install scripts which fetch the source code, compile and package, for installing with Pacman. Yaourt automates, but must be installed manually through this process.

First, make sure you have the base-devel group installed, plus the package yajl.

sudo pacman -S --needed base-devel yajl

Afterwards, get the PKGBUILD (the install script) for yaourt's dependency, package-query and run makepkg which more or less "executes" the script.

# Let's not bloat the current directory.
mkdir tmp
cd tmp
# This will download the PKGBUILD file.
curl -O https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/pa/package-query/PKGBUILD
# This will build the package according to the PKGBUILD. The -i option makes it get installed with Pacman.
makepkg -i
cd ..
rm -r /tmp