If you see any error in this, please feel free to leave a comment below.

If you want to play it safe, you should probably go with an Arduino or a Raspberry Pi.
If you are more audacious, it will depend on your need.
I like the CubieBoard a lot, even if its GPIO pins are 2mm (really painful…) instead of the usual 2.54mm (1/10 inch).
The A10 OlinuXino seems to be very promising.

Great list! There’s a lot of boards on there which I had not heard of yet. One you may have missed is the BeagleBone. I’d say it’s fairly popular but not quite as large of a community as Arduino or RaspberryPi.

hardkernel’s Exynos devices get as low as $69, which is within the price range you have there, and will have much higher performance than anything listed so far.

wandboard’s i.MX6 boards are at similar price points. They have fewer CPU cores but they do have gigabit ethernet and the potential to attach a SATA connector, which have offer much higher performance than USB peripherals.

Nice table. Some others to consider: Netduino and the .NET Gadgeteer stuff is kind of neat because you develop with Visual Studio and you get full source debugging with breakpoints, single-step, examine/modify, etc. Arduino is debugged by print statements which work ok. BeagleBoard and BeagleBone are worth mentioning as are Pinguino and Rascal Micro. And at the low end is the TI MSP430 LaunchPad for $4.30USD! I suppose by the time you fill out the list another couple boards have been developed … it never ends … and that’s a good thing! Coop, AA1WW

Thanks for your informative comparison table.
Perhaps you might want to add dimensions of the boards to it, which would be (to my knowledge) 85,60×53,98x17mm for the Raspberry Pi, and 10x6x2cm for the Cubieboard.

As Pavel said above, the USB ports on the RPi are host-by-default and _can’t_ be switched into client mode without losing the networking (and that is connected to the USB hub). Really your table need a seperate “USB client” and “USB host” column

The ODroid seems to pack enough punch and have enough memory (2GB) to be a viable platform for a number of demanding projects. At that price, I’m willing to try. I researched a lot recently for a project I am working on that does not need interfacing with external hardware, so it is going to be the U2 for me.
hope this helps!