Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) belongs to a group of diseases whose specific cause is not well known, which keeps clinicians and researchers worried: the often rapid progression of IPF is very distressing. Also the underlying causes are mostly unknown, pathophysiologic explanations and findings are still unsatisfying. With only a 5-year survival rate of 20–40 %, only quick decisions such as initiating a lung transplantation, might help prolong a patient’s life.

A kidney cyst can arise in any part of the nephron and collecting ducts, and can be found incidentally on imaging tests, or can be part of a renal or systemic disease. Renal cystic diseases consist of a large spectrum of diseases that differ in regards to pathophysiology, prognosis and treatment and that can be usefully divided into hereditary, acquired and developmental conditions. Hereditary renal cystic diseases often lead to kidney failure and are commonly associated with extrarenal manifestations, whereas non-genetic cystic disorders are usually limited to the kidney and rarely result in kidney functional deterioration.

Nephrolithiasis is a clinical condition characterized by the presence of stones in the kidney. Calcium oxalate stones are the most common stones. Clinical presentation is with acute flank pain. Non-contrast CT is the investigation of choice in nephrolithiasis and can diagnose all types of stones. Management depends on the location and size of the stone. Smaller stones have a greater chance to pass spontaneously, while stones larger than 5 mm need surgical management with percutaneous nephrolithotomy, extracorporeal lithotripsy, or open surgery.

During pregnancy, it is possible for the tissue surrounding the embryo to degenerate. Such degeneration typically manifests itself in hydatidiform moles and choriocarcinoma. These tumors are difficult to diagnose and are associated with an increased level of beta hCG. Treatment involves the complete removal of the tumorous growth. The characteristics of the tumors are described in more detail below.

Eccyesis or tubal pregnancy refers to the implantation of the blastocyst outside the uterine cavity. Thereby, affected patients suffer from acute abdominal pain. Eccyesis or tubal pregnancy can be quickly diagnosed by means of an ultrasound and laboratory analysis. In severe cases, in the case of rupture and hemorrhage, the fastest possible action is required. Surgery should be considered as a therapeutical approach.

Abnormalities of Female reproductive organs has been matter of concern in females of reproductive age. These abnormalities can be congenital, or acquired. Environmental or genetic anamolies can result in congenital abnormalities in female organs of infants. Acquired abnormalities implies infections, physical damage brought during delivery or surgery or hormonal imblances as their etiology. Amenorrhea and infertility are the important representing symptoms of these abnormalities. Diagnosis and identification of abnormalities such as adenomyosis, uterine fibroids, etc. along with their exact location establishes the accurate treatment procedures.

The skeletal system has important functions as protection and support during movements, for the mineral balance, blood production and the storage of triglycerides. In this process, bones (latin: os, greek: ost-, oste- or osteo-) give us stability and shape. Now, how many bones do humans have? This is easily answered numerically, 206. However, for exams it is more important for physicians to understand the structure and composition of bones than the amount.

The gall bladder (Latin: vesica fellea or vesica basilaris) is the storage organ for the bile and has a storage capacity of 40 – 50 ml. On its way from the liver to the duodenum, the bile runs through a duct system which is referred to as the bile ducts. The function of the gall bladder and the bile ducts is an elementary prerequisite for the complex process of digestion and can be impaired by typical diseases which a physician should know and understand. In order to understand the process of digestion, the spleen and the pancreas are also important.

Scrotal masses are embarrassing and seemingly exigent trouble for males. Benign scrotal lesions present as testicular masses that transilluminate as against solid testicular tumors which do not transilluminate. This article expounds about benign, relevant, common scrotal masses such as congenital and acquired hydrocele and spermatocele.

Testicular torsion is the most common cause of acute testicular and scrotal emergency pain. Patients usually have unilateral testicular torsion and the most common etiology is a high abnormal attachment of the tunica vaginalis. Abnormal attachment of the tunica vaginalis results in spermatic cord increased mobility and predisposes to spermatic cord twisting and subsequent testicular torsion. Testicular infarction and necrosis can ensue if the testis is not detwisted in the first 8 hours and is usually complete by 24 hours of torsion onset. Bilateral testicular fixation to the tunica vaginalis is recommended.

The term urogenital system compromises the genital and urinary organs. Besides having different tasks, they have a common embryological origin and are often discussed in relation to each other in a clinical perspective. The following article focuses on the diverting urinary organs, therefore the part from the ureters to the urinary bladder up to the urethra is regarded. The physiology also attracts attention concerning the micturition process apart from the anatomic aspect.

Pediatric Hirschsprung Disease occurs when there is an absence of the ganglionic layer in the myenteric layer of the anus and the submucosa of the colon. This leads to the failure of relaxation of the colon, delayed passage of meconium, abdominal distension and constipation. Laboratory investigations are helpful if the patient develops enterocolitis where leukocytosis might be evident. Barium enema studies and histologic examination of biopsies confirm the diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease, and surgical resection of the aganglionic part of the colon is the current treatment of choice.

Alcoholic hepatitis is a progressive disease characterized by inflammation and damage of liver caused by long term excessive intake of ethanol. Non-Alcoholic fatty liver disease is the also progressive disease of liver characterized by accumulation of fat in liver without the abuse of alcohol. Both the disease show similar pathological changes resulting in fibrosis or scarring of liver. The extensive fibrosis of liver due to continued abuse of alcohol is called alcoholic cirrhosis. These diseases remain asymptomatic at early stages and common symptoms are slight discomfort at right side of upper abdomen with fatigue and unexplained weight loss. Lifestyle modification and alcohol abstinence is essential for management along with required therapeutic and surgical interventions.

Intracranial hemorrhage is a medical emergency that occurs in adults, but can also occur in children and neonates. As the name suggests, intracranial hemorrhage is bleeding and the accumulation of blood within the skull at an abnormal location leading to the formation of a hematoma. A hematoma is the collection of blood outside of blood vessel. Intracranial bleeding can lead to stroke, neurological deficit, brain matter herniation, and even death.

Radiological investigations like x-ray and CT scan are required for the confirmation of clinical findings. The field of radiology in the 21st century has become very advanced and through various radiological investigations, even the smallest calcifications and vascular pathologies can be diagnosed. The chest radiograph (CXR) is the most common radiological investigation.

Liver tumors are some of the more common neoplasms and are classified as either primary or secondary. Management varies depending on several factors such as type, size, and the spread of the cancer. Continue to read this article to learn key facts about the tumors of the liver including incidence, pathology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.

Hemorrhagic stroke is the second most common form of acute strokes. Patients can develop a hemorrhagic stroke due to many risk factors which include hypertension, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, neoplastic diseases and cerebral aneurysms. Hemorrhagic strokes can be classified into subarachnoid or intracerebral hemorrhage depending on the site of the hematoma formation. The semiology is usually similar to ischemic stroke; therefore, adequate brain imaging is very important for proper diagnosis and management.

Cardiac and vascular pathologies can be rapidly diagnosed with radiographic techniques. X-ray, CT and MRI are common methods used for diagnosis. X-rays provide a 2D image that is used in angiography and to detect other cardiac pathologies. CT scans use X-rays to generate a 3D image and are used to diagnose acute vascular events. MRI uses electromagnetic and radio waves to generate high-resolution 3D images and to determine the after effects of vascular damage.

Patients with interstitial lung disease usually present with progressive exertional dyspnea, cough and hypoxemia. Computed tomography imaging of the lungs can reveal fibrosis or granulomatous disease. Symptomatic treatment with oxygen supplementation might be needed but specific treatment should also be tried because some conditions are known to respond to medical therapy. Lung transplantation should be available as an option for patients who do not respond to medical therapy.

Epiglottitis, as the name suggests, is the inflammation of the epiglottis. Symptoms are rapid in onset and are severe. The infection can cause airway obstruction leading to difficulty in breathing, stridor and bluish discoloration of the skin ultimately leading to death.

The intestine is part of the GI tract responsible for food digestion and absorption. The large surface area of the intestinal wall formed by villi, plicae and valvulae is responsible for the absorption of water, minerals, vitamins and all nutritional components. The small intestine is more vulnerable to obstruction for many reasons including the length, diameter and location. Intestinal obstruction can be actual mechanical obstruction or compression and can be functional paralysis of the hollow muscular organ. The most common cause of obstruction is external adhesions following abdominal surgical interventions and obstruction complicating hernias. Bowel obstruction is sometimes partial chronic obstruction due to adhesions, irradiation and Crohn's disease causing strictures or intestinal wall neoplasm or polyp.

Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreatic tissue with cellular destruction and elevation of serum pancreatic enzymes. The mortality of acute pancreatitis is high specially with necrotizing and infective pancreatitis due to multisystem organ failure. It is the most common cause of gastrointestinal hospitalization in the United States.

Brain herniation is a potentially fatal condition that may present as a rise in intracranial pressure. The following text describes the various clinical signs to recognize this condition and the possible measures one can take to treat it.

Pleural effusions are a common encounter at the emergency department, outpatient and inpatient wards in hospitals. Up to one-half of the hospitalized patients with bacterial pneumonia are expected to develop or have pleural effusion during their admission. Moreover, up to two-thirds of intensive care unit patients are found to have a pleural effusion for one reason or another.

Atelectasis is a condition that is characterized by the collapse of the alveoli and eventually lobar lung collapse and complete obstruction. The causes, pathophysiology, and consequences of atelectasis where the air passages and alveoli are completely obstructed are different from partial airway obstruction. Partial airway obstruction is characterized by hyperinflation and air trapping.

Sometimes, in surgical wards and at the emergency department, the radiologist might see a chest x-ray with a complete white-out of a hemithorax. The number of causes that can cause a complete white-out of a hemithorax on a chest plain radiography is limited. To better understand such causes, we chose to classify them according to the position of the trachea.

Mediastinal masses can be benign cysts, neurogenic tumors, germ cell neoplasms, thymomas or lymphomas. The mediastinum is demarcated by the pleural cavities laterally. Superior to the mediastinum, you find the thoracic inlet. The mediastinum is usually divided into three main compartments: anterior, middle and posterior. This anatomical classification of the mediastinum is useful for the radiologist as the differential diagnoses of a mediastinal mass is dependent on the anatomical location of the mass—among other factors.

Pulmonary edema is a consequence of a disease process rather than a primary pathology. Pulmonary edema can be classified into cardiogenic and noncardiogenic based on the cause of the edema. In non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, the main pathology is a direct or indirect insult to the pulmonary capillary membrane which results in an increased permeability of the endothelial cell layer.

The chest X-ray is a cheap, feasible, screening tool for cardiac and respiratory diseases in neonates, children, and adults. The heart shadow on the chest X-ray “cardiac silhouette” occupies half of the anteroposterior chest X-ray film in normal individuals. Therefore, the examination and evaluation of the cardiac silhouette on the conventional X-ray has received interest from radiologists and pediatricians. The main aim of examining the cardiac silhouette is to determine the heart’s size, the identification of the different contours of the heart, and the categorization of the pulmonary vascularity.

Several benign or malignant lesions can affect the adrenal glands. These abnormalities include benign adenomas, other benign tumors, malignant tumors, hemorrhage, metastasis and adrenal gland hyperplasia. The finding of an adrenal gland lesion might be incidental in many cases, i.e., an incidental adrenal adenoma on an abdominal computed tomography scan ordered for an unrelated issue. The diagnosis of a mass as an ‘adrenal incidentaloma’ has become increasingly problematic leading to a shift in terminology by radiologists. Thus, modern day adrenal masses are only classified as benign, malignant or indeterminate depending on various features. Most adrenal lesions are benign adenomas. However, malignancy must be ruled out via various imaging modalities such as CT scan, PET scan and MRI.

Trauma is the fourth leading cause of death and morbidity in the United States. Blunt abdominal trauma is more common than penetrating injuries. The most commonly injured intra-abdominal organ is the spleen, followed by the liver and the genitourinary tract. After careful clinical examination and primary survey, imaging should be used to exclude life-threatening injuries such as rupture of a major blood vessel.

The intrahepatic biliary system can be injured in blunt abdominal trauma, in an inflammatory process, such as biliary sclerosing cholangitis, or can be involved in some benign and malignant neoplasms. The radiographic evaluation of the intrahepatic biliary system mainly consists of computed tomography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance cholangiography with hepatobiliary contrast and hepatobiliary scintigraphy. The main goal of each imaging modality in each disease process is different. In this article, we will discuss three main biliary pathologies: traumatic biliary leaks, intrahepatic biliary adenoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

The diagnosis and identification of the etiology of lower abdominal or pelvic pain in a pregnant woman can be challenging. Routine blood workup for acute abdomen in pregnant women is challenging due to physiologic alterations induced by normal pregnancy. Additionally, the anatomic location of the different pelvic organs can be altered by the growing uterus. Thus, it has become clear that sophisticated imaging modalities in pregnancy are needed for the diagnosis of acute abdomen, and such imaging modalities should prove to be harmless to the mother and the growing fetus.

The most common cause of death in the pediatric population is unintentional injury. Approximately 20,000 children each year become disabled because of trauma, and 15 million children per year visit the emergency department because of unintentional injuries. The incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in children is around 1068 cases per 10,000.

Traumatic injuries to the spine or the spinal cord might cause severe neurological deficits or even death. The mechanisms of injury that can cause spinal or spinal cord trauma usually cause injuries to multiple other organ systems and are associated with polytrauma. The most commonly injured part of the spine is the cervical spine. Half of the cases involve fractures within the cervical spine; the remainder of the cases are distributed between thoracic, lumbar and sacral spinal injuries.

Abdominal calcifications are generated by a wide range of normal and pathological factors. The prominent symptom of abdominal calcification is the pain experienced by the patient. Abdominal calcifications are categorized into four groups according to their morphology, i.e. concretions, conduit calcification, cystic calcification, and solid mass calcification. The anatomical location of the calcification aids in establishment of a reasonable differential and definite diagnosis. This categorization and location of calcification should be accompanied by radiology to facilitate effective management.

The spleen is the largest ductless gland and largest single lymphatic organ in the human body. The main functions of the spleen are immunologic surveillance, red blood cell breakdown and splenic contraction for blood volume augmentation during hemorrhagic shock. The most common splenic abnormalities are congenital anomalies of the spleen, traumatic injuries, inflammation, vascular disease related changes, hematologic disease-related changes, benign splenic lesions and malignant splenic lesions.

Ovarian tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in gynecological malignancies. Additionally, they are the fourth leading cause of death related to cancer. Ovarian tumors can be epithelial, germ cell, sex cord stromal or metastatic. Germ cell tumors are the most common type of ovarian tumors in children. Young adults with ovarian tumors can have an epithelial, germ cell or a stromal tumor with equal probability. Middle-aged women and the elderly who develop ovarian tumors usually have an epithelial ovarian cancer.

Ultrasound is a term that means all acoustic energy that has a frequency above the human hearing; therefore, ultrasound frequencies are above 20 kilohertz. The typical frequency range for medical ultrasounds range from 2 to 18 megahertz.

Abdominal CT scan is an excellent way to visualize the contents of abdomen. Use of specific X-ray machine for capture images of inside of abdomen is the feature of abdominal CT scan. It provides detailed images of abdominal organs such as liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, colon and rectum. These images reveal more detail information than typical X-rays. Cross sectional images of abdominal contents can be obtained through CT scan. With the introduction of contrast during abdominal CT scan, many relevant structures of abdomen can be highlighted and observed for definite diagnosis of abdominal pathology.

Bones constitute the supportive skeleton of the body. They are composed of an organic component of type-1 collagen with calcium, phosphate and hydroxyl ions deposited in hydroxyapatite. Bones are covered with a thin layer of periosteum which provides blood supply to help the healing of bone fractures. Bone fractures are the result of damage to the integrity of normal bones due to direct force or pathological processes.

Breast cancer screening is essential in lowering breast-cancer related mortality and the prevalence of invasive and advanced breast cancer in high risk women. High risk women should receive a screening that is based on at least three imaging modalities, i.e., mammography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography, for the primary prevention of breast cancer. The use of these three modalities allows for the early detection of breast cancer or precancerous lesions.

The main presentation of the different types of arthritis is pain. Pain characteristics, timing, and aggravating or relieving factors can help in the differentiation between degenerative and inflammatory joint disease; however, in this discussion, we will focus on the radiographic differences between the two and the outstanding features of specific types of arthritis.

Computed tomography scans deploy x-rays to obtain a cross-sectional image of the body. Current CT scanners have very advanced imaging capabilities such as the introduction of multidetector CT, which provides excellent heart images compared to conventional CT scanners. A 16-cm-wide 320-row multidetector CT scanner makes it possible for physicians to take a full image of the heart every single beat! The clinical usability of such a temporal resolution is questionable, but we believe it can make whole body CT scans very convenient in the primary survey of trauma patients.

Fluoroscopy is an imaging technique that employs X-rays to visualize real-time images or videos of the body. The examined organ is made radio-opaque by using some form of dye. In the past, fluoroscopy studies were performed in patients suspected to have structural esophageal or upper gastrointestinal lesions and such structural abnormalities were visualized after a barium swallow. Nowadays, fluoroscopy is reserved for the diagnostic workup of esophageal motility disorders including achalasia and esophageal sphincter diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Fractures are a common acute presentation to the emergency departments worldwide. Fractures can be associated with severe long-term morbidity, increased mortality, a huge burden on the healthcare system, and may be intentional or accidental. Abuse, conflicts between people, falls, and motor vehicle accidents are the most common causes of fractures. The number of fractured bones tends to be higher in motor vehicle accidents and falls compared to fractures caused by the other causes.

While “positron emission computed tomography” scanning is becoming more commonly seen in the clinical practice of molecular imaging, other forms of nuclear imaging also exist that should be discussed. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, ultrasound, and X-rays are the main diagnostic imaging modalities for structural abnormalities. Nuclear imaging is more concerned with the functional and molecular aspect of the problem. For instance, nuclear imaging can answer questions related to myocardial perfusion and ischemia, differentiate between malignant and benign thyroid nodules or confirm the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis.

Intraabdominal air can be seen on conventional abdominal x-rays, computed tomography scans of the abdomen or ultrasonography imaging. Intraabdominal air can be physiologic or pathologic. The most common cause of normal intraabdominal air is air within the gastrointestinal tract, i.e. the stomach bubble. Pathologic air can be further divided into the extraluminal, intraluminal, intraparenchymal or intramural air. Extraluminal pathologic air can be a pneumoperitoneum or free gas within the retroperitoneum. The most common cause of intramural air is pneumatosis intestinalis.

Spinal disc herniation is a common cause for pain syndromes in the cervical and lumbar spine. It is the most common trigger for radiculopathies which lead to pain and disturbances of sensation of the dermatomes but can also be accompanied by pareses and loss of reflexes. Both for your examinations as well as in everyday clinical life, knowledge of radicular syndromes as well as their diagnosis and treatment are highly meaningful.

Your Educators of course Radiology

Hetal Verma, MD

Hetal Verma has extensive experience practicing in the field of radiology. She is currently a Clinical Instructor at Harvard Medical School. Hetal has been in practice for over 10 years and has been teaching medical students and residents throughout that time. She has also been invited as a speaker at multiple teaching conferences for other physicians, technologists and the community. Hetal has a passion for teaching and is enthusiastic about teaching others about radiology.

Super specific and clare. Loved it!
She explains every detail on the images

MRI

By Tiia S. on 13. February 2019 for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Not very informative. She seems to be nervous and runs very quickly through the slides.

Excellent lecture

By Mathew C. on 22. January 2019 for Abdominal Radiography

Concise and well presented. Delivered all the necessary information without wasting any time

Brief and concise

By Efren C. on 01. January 2019 for Heart and Mediastinal Anatomy in Radiology (Part 1)

The presentation was well organized and the different visual representations helped me in understanding what Dr. Hetal meant.

Good speech

By ?smet Ç. on 23. December 2018 for Normal Chest Radiography

She is speak very good. I like this lecture very much.

Great!

By Elzard S. on 04. October 2018 for Ultrasound Imaging and Terminology

Dr. Verma is very clear in her explanations. I wish there were more videos on Ultrasound. I would like to learn about parasternal long, parasternal short, subxiphoid imaging of the heart. Thank you!

Perfect lecture

By Selcen B. on 23. September 2018 for Lobar Atelectasis

Dear Hetal Verma, Thanks for presenting good lecture I like it very much

Headliner

By Neuer Z. on 19. September 2018 for Bony Anatomy in Radiology

I recomiendes these vídeos because de review is wonderfull the radiologic anatomy is easy whit this method

Very clear and contain very interesting informations

By Louis S. on 17. September 2018 for Gallbladder Abnormalities

All of your lectures about radiology are very clear and contain very interesting informations !!! You're one of the best lectors of Lecturio in my humble opinion. Thanks !!

Beneficial

By Neuer d. on 06. August 2018 for Basics of Radiology and Computed Tomography (CT)

Good for beginners... Explanation from scratch.. Easy language... Explanation with imagery examples is a highlight

good

By Matias O. on 23. July 2018 for Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema

its clear, its quick for do the explanation, and i recommend it

Great lectures but a bit rushed

By LAILA K. on 14. June 2018 for Interstitial Disease (Part 2)

Really great lecture, but the speed is bit hard to keep up with. Found myself pausing a lot, however the quality was excellent

Excellent course

By Okechukwu V. on 25. May 2018 for Heterotopic and Molar Pregnancy

Radiology is no longer just shadows for me. The concepts are well explained in proper clinical contexts.

Congratulations !!

By Louis S. on 23. May 2018 for Hepatic Cirrhosis

Very good lecture !! Doctor Verma teaches with pedagogy and repeats the informations to be we able to better memorize ! Thanks

i like to say thank you so much

By Ajaysingh r. on 15. April 2018 for Introduction to Imaging

because these lectures are amazing for helping student who are unable to understand topic

Basic introductory approach!

By Abdul-Karim S. on 21. March 2018 for Introduction to Imaging

Very good but Dr. Verma speaks too fast and does not really go in details. More imaging examples would be nice!

Radiology

By Mikko V. on 20. March 2018 for Introduction to Imaging

Slides are well constructed and easy to follow. Hetal explains subjects as well as minor details really well and in a way that they are easy to understand. Some radiological pictures could be explained in more detail.

Nice overview of radiology

By Sinae J. on 06. March 2018 for Musculoskeletal Radiology

Her lectures are to-the-point and very well organized.

Very good!

By Rhayan R. on 12. February 2018 for Basics of Radiology and Computed Tomography (CT)

Very clear and objective explanation. I wouldn't mind if there were a few more details. :)

wonderful presentations with lot of informations that will every doctors

Love your lectures Dr Verma

By Dr Jerry G. on 04. February 2018 for Introduction to Imaging

Dr Verma
You are amazing!
You made very easy to understand Radiology
Love you

Thanks!

By Juan Giuseppe C. on 28. January 2018 for Introduction to Imaging

I like it because it has a comprehensive approach regarding different images used in diagnosis. Fundamental knowledge is strengthened by illustrative lectures and abnormal images to compare and then you could fix your whole understanding through clinical cases. I believe it is a course based on problem-solving and that is cool when learning.
Regards from Peru.

Great lectures.

By Carmen V. on 16. January 2018 for Abdominal Radiology

Fan tastic lectures.
Now I can understand several topics about imaging.

well explained summary of important points

By Sophie W. on 07. January 2018 for Radiology

Easily understandable with some basic pathology and anatomy related to the radiological findings.
Very helpful that some of the cases had circled the pathological finding.

great video

By Moayed A. on 29. December 2017 for Nuclear Medicine: HIDA and VQ Scan

I love it
this video has helped me to understand some concepts

radiology made simple

By Elona P. on 29. December 2017 for Bladder Carcinoma

i never thought radiology would be so simple! i loved every lesson!

Best lead into the subject..

By Prabhu G. on 01. December 2017 for Abdominal Radiology

Being one scared to go through the subject of radiology.. Your lectures made me familiar with basics made them easy and handy making me love to finish my preparation complete with radiology .. Thank you so much!!

Very good product.

By Klement Sylvester E. on 21. November 2017 for Thoracic Radiology

I learn more from what I see than what i read. I will recommend this to my colleagues.

excellent clarity in the lecture and understandable

By Neuer N. on 14. November 2017 for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Excellent lectures. If you could add on some lectures on radiography for head and neck region and CBCT for head especially maxilla and mandible, that would have been great.

Definitely 5 stats!

By Dr Jerry G. on 09. October 2017 for Thoracic Radiology

1. Dr Verma is very knowledgeable, professional and desses very well.
2. Her presentations are very ilustrative, concise, substantial and in clear American English.
3. Very easy to understand, you don’t get bored and want to learn more.
4. Every lecture has quizzes that help you to reinforce your knowledge and will help you
remember all the lecture for a long time.
5. I learned so much in so little time!
Thank you so much Lecturio and Dr Verma!

Good overall

By Amina R. on 06. October 2017 for Chest Abnormalities in Pediatric Radiology

Good overview, hits on most important images. More detail about physiology behind why images present as such would have been good.

Get to the point!!!

By James A. on 30. September 2017 for Thoracic Radiology

Radiology has never been so easy to understand!!!! thank you very much

A great lecturer!

By Nguyen Thanh T. on 23. September 2017 for Thoracic Radiology

I love to watch her lectures. She is so great. Her voice, her syle are so professional. I recommend this course to all Med students!

Dont leave interaction!!!!

By Vivian D. on 19. September 2017 for Pediatric Radiology

This course well explained, but it was less interactive when compared to the others given by herself. That is why I cannot assign a 5 star.

Overal good but a little bit of more detail would be more helpfull!!

By bnorn l. on 14. September 2017 for Basics of Radiology and Computed Tomography (CT)

Overal good resource. But i think it could be a little bit more detailed to be really usefull for medical school.

loose time

By Ovidiu - Alina S. on 10. September 2017 for Chest Abnormalities in Pediatric Radiology

she reads everything from the slides ....her courses are really boring

Very well explained ! Easy to understand. Visuals makes it easy to revise.

Informative lecture

By Catherine M. on 28. August 2017 for Thoracic Radiology

Wow, this is so informative! I never expected to learn the relevance and all the info presented in an engaging and comprehensive manner. I only wish that the interface for taking notes could be made a bit more accessible though to learners. Other than that, I enjoyed the lecture very much.

radiography

By VENKATESH C. on 23. August 2017 for Introduction to Imaging

I like it so much .but she tells little but slower Thn it's good

short and straight to the point

By WEI CHENG O. on 22. August 2017 for Breast Abnormalities in Radiology

The steps for diagnosis and reason behind it are well explained, thank you.
I will definitely recommend my other friends to have a look.

Magnificent lecturer . Very clear

By Mohammed s. on 19. August 2017 for Introduction to Imaging

Very good
Invasive radilogy section could be added,biopsy ,abscess drainage,vascular,
More than one question for each quiz section would be better

Very Well Done

By Raymond H. on 18. August 2017 for Thoracic Radiology

Well presented, systematic, clear and concise. I would recommend it to others

Spinal imaging

By Mariet G. on 02. August 2017 for Non-Traumatic Abnormalities of the Spine

All the needed information in a nutshell. To assess for spinal pathology "the Winking owl sign" can also be added. It is usually a sign of bone metastasis.

To the point!

By Vivian D. on 02. August 2017 for Introduction to Imaging

Radiology can be challenging and overwhelming for a medical student. First and second year, radiology is mostly overlooked. However, it is very necessary for the third year on a daily basis. Dr. Verma delivered an easy to understand and concise introduction to the course.

Easy to understand!!!!!!!

By James A. on 29. July 2017 for Introduction to Imaging

Imaging for Med student can be a real challenge but here the concepts are very clear, easy to understand very helpful for your exam as well the real life

Introduction to Imaging

By Steve P. on 21. July 2017 for Introduction to Imaging

Thank you for such pleasant over view enjoyed it much so easy to follow

T1&T2 Weighted imaging needs work

By George L. on 12. July 2017 for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Explanation of the T1 & T2 Terminology and how it works is lacking.
Could have used way more slides to visualize this: MRI in Practice by C. Westbrook et al show how this can be done in Chapter 1.
Important concepts which need to be properly explained, in this video it looks like it has been half heartedly done.

AMAZING ABDOMINAL RADILOGY

By festus s. on 10. July 2017 for Abdominal Radiology

Well presented and very rich abdominal Anatomy. such lectures are very educative. cost effective as there is really no need to jump on the plane.
keep this spirit going.
FESTUS FROM ZAMBIA.

It's a great review of things!

By Anthony M. on 09. July 2017 for Thoracic Radiology

The thing that would make it GREAT (versus just very good) would be using effects on the PowerPoint or video to outline things on the imaging.
It's done a FEW times, but mainly just has a circle around an area or mouse hovering which works okay, but there's multiple times where even if there's a circle around it, I literally have no idea what I'm supposed to be recognizing. I can't make it out at all, even if replaying and pausing and staring.
It would greatly accelerate things, in my opinion (and doable bc it's done a few times...either outlining or highlighting)

THORAXIC RADIOLOGY IMPROVED MY PRACTICE.

By festus s. on 09. July 2017 for Thoracic Radiology

very awsome presentationwith alot of anatomy and explanation.
need to sit in a classroom.
very awsomepresentarionof Thoraxic Radiology.

Excellent intro course in thoracic rad

By Dave L. on 08. July 2017 for Thoracic Radiology

Especially as an intro course this was excellent. Dr Verma has a great tonality to her voice and it makes it very easy to listen to her
The video has some areas of concern where we can't actually see what she is pointing out about but after 30++ years of surgery I understood what she was suggesting. Rookie students will have some difficulty but this is not intended to replace medical school so excellent work
Dr Dave

Excellent

By Young Tsatsu T. on 07. July 2017 for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

I'm midway through the Rad course and I am just loving it. Easy to grasp and really helpful. Wow

best explanation

By Abdul Haque A. on 06. July 2017 for Ultrasound Imaging and Terminology

Best explanation, with all basic principles. Way of presentation is very nice.

Good intro

By Ben A. on 03. July 2017 for Thoracic Radiology

Thanks I wish their were more lectures like radiology -- for the interest

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