More often than not I am writing functions that are stripping the only constructor of a new type, such as in the following function to return the first argument that is not Nothing:
process (Pick xs) ...

I've defined a newtype called Poly. Poly is a list representation of a polynomial (a list of Num's), and I'm trying to define a function "chop" that takes off excess 0's from the end of a Poly.
Chop ...

Haskell can derive the instance for MonadState s in T1 below but not in T2 which is however a very similar type. In which way should I modify the code for T2 so that the instance for MonadState s can ...

Almost all of examples I've seen of the State Monad have been wrapped inside a newtype.
{-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-}
import Control.Monad.State
import Control.Applicative
data Bazzar ...

Suppose there is a type A that is instance of class C.
If I understand correctly, to override instance implementation it is a common practice to introduce a wrapper newtype A' = A' A, and then wrap ...

The Haskell programming language has a concept of newtypes: If I write newtype Foo = Foo (Bar), then a new type Foo is created that is isomorphic to Bar, i.e. there are bijective conversions between ...

As far as I understand value classes in Scala are just there to wrap primitive types like Int or Boolean into another type without introducing additional memory usage. So they are basically used as a ...

Newtypes are often used to change the behavior of certain types when used in certain class contexts. For example, one would use the Data.Monoid.All wrapper to change the behavior of Bool when used as ...

I would like to define several versions of a thing but with different types to enhance type safety in my program. For example I have several types of bivariate values which I want to be instances of ...