PSY105 - Chapter 4 (PART 2)

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School

Ryerson University

Department

Psychology

Course

PSY 105

Professor

Helene Moore

Semester

Fall

Description

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
HELPING BEHAVIOUR
• Why do we need to help?
• Altruism: self-sacrificing behaviour carried out for the benefit of others
o Egoistic helping behaviour - when a person foes something nice for someone
else but there is a positive benefit at point of time or in future
• Bystander Effect (apathy): the more people present, the less likely any one person will
attempt to help
o when there are lot of people around, it is unlikely that someone will help
someone else
o when we are in a crowd, we tend to think other people will help and take the
initiative
o Diffusion of Responsibility - we are less likely to assist in a large group
because responsibility to help is shared
• Bystander Intervention
o they did a study of deception
o people think they are going in to do a questionnaire
o how they are going to react if the room their sitting in is attacked with smoke
o people who were alone, reacted suddenly
o people in the group, they were just sitting down and waiting for others to react
(they sat for 4 minutes)
THE BYSTANDER EFFECT: WHY DID NO ONE HELP?
• case of Kitty Genovese in 1964
• 38 witnesses to the stabbing and murder that occurred over a 30min time span
• these witnesses heard the attack but did nothing about it
• no one called the police • What kept them from calling the police? Because they all thought someone else is going
to call the police
• spawned research on the bystander effect
SOCIAL RELATIONS: REPRODUCTIONS
• Reproductive biology may be a reason for gender differences in selection of sexual
partners
• men can't get pregnant - they can invest a lot less when picking someone as they don't
have a risk of pregnancy
• Attraction is based on situational, physical and psychological factors
o Mere Exposure Effect: the tendency for liking to increase with the frequency of
exposure
 most likely to be interested in someone the more you see them
 people like familiarity and grow attraction to someone when they are
familiar with them
o similarity of internal qualities (attitudes, beliefs) is deemed attractive
o physical appearances
STERNBERG'S TRIAN