A good example of one of the many active hydrothermal chimneys (commonly known as “black smokers”) that occurs at the NW caldera site. During the NZAPLUME cruises, the detection of smoke emanating from chimneys such as this enabled us to locate numerous hydrothermal vent fields along the Kermadec Arc. Image courtesy of New Zealand American Submarine Ring of Fire 2007 Exploration, NOAA Vents Program, the Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences and NOAA-OE.