To examine a number of issues relating to ethnic diversity, ethnic intermixture and the development of the concept of 'Australian Ancestry' through a comprehensive analysis of the Census ancestry data. This monograph will look at the trend in ethnic diversity since 1986 when a similar question on ancestry was asked. The project will also look closely at issues such as persons stating multiple ancestries, the heterogeneity of birthplace groups, patterns in ethnic intermarriage, generational differences and the characteristics of those who stated 'Australian' ancestry as a sole or multiple response.