There is no wonder that the cost of the construction industry to touch the sky when the entire field is hitting the roof with an increase in price. However, the design teams and building contractors are always looking out for cutting down the amount in every aspect of construction. They adopt many new technologies that can help them reduce the cost. One such effort is the emergence of Building Information Modeling (BIM).

BIM and conflict resolution: CAD vs. BIM

BIM consulting has proven useful tool and offers many advantages in the construction industry, including the cost reduction. To understand BIM better, you can link that to the CAD tool. BIM provides stronger design atmosphere, and it is entirely integrated across all the design aspects and saves money in designing and construction stages of the project.

CAD is fundamentally an automated version of the old 2D flat drawings. Separate drawings are generated and are programmed to make the 3D model. However, the changes will always remain the 2D models. When the changes are incorporated in 3D, possibilities for more error happen. But BIM minimizes the error, and hence the cost is reduced.

Advantages offered by BIM in reducing cost

Complete integration: Every design discipline operates on the identical electronic model and not individually. This will lead to the creation of changes in the single control. Therefore, it saves avoids the design conflict, prevents utilization twice and let the entire design team access the changes and the outcomes.

Reduction in design modification: Most of the design work consumes more time in the redesign phase to match the customer need. BIM has dramatically reduced this time as there is no need to change individually and modification in one part will reflect on the other automatically.

Reduction in the Construction Changes and Modification: When the issues are identified during the design stage itself, it becomes easy to change and this construction work needs not to require any modification. This will save enormous

Enhance the Productivity: Due to the complete integration involved in the BIM process, the productivity improves within the engineering and the architectural. The work is well-defined and structured. Every change is reflected across the team, and this will help the team to work more efficiently thus increasing the productivity.

Improve Communication: when all the design experts work on the same model, they can exchange their views. This leads to a healthy communication and learns more in a constructive way to produce the best outcome.

Data Input Time Reduces: The BIM model will store the entire relevant information about the building’s design and allows access to the information and also let that to be utilized in different places and documents.

Detailed Project Information: Apart from storing the design information BIM also stores details of the cost and schedule. This will pave the way to improve the information flow and thus decreases the errors. In turn, this will help to keep the correction cost minimum.

All these points will stand to support BIM in reducing the cost. When the complexity and size of the project increases, BIM will offer more chances for savings by eliminating the error to the more considerable extent possible.

Professional activities of health workers are characterised by an increased risk. On the one hand, health care workers at risk of their own health and life, on the other – there is a risk of adverse outcome of medical care for the patient (defective medical assistance). In the process of patient care doctor takes on both moral and legal responsibility for the quality and impact of her actions. The most negative outcomes of treatment are likely to end with a complaint or a lawsuit if there’s an evidence or assumption of medical errors, illegal acts or negligence on the doctor’s side.

The relations between health professionals and patients have a certain degree of duality and contradictions. On the one hand, health care workers must protect the interests of patients, but on the other – they need to be protected from the patient, especially in cases of defect rendering, complaint or legal action. This contradiction in all civilised countries are the inevitable companions of modern medicine, new technologies and growth of legal consciousness of the patient.

In connection with the formation of civil relations between producer and consumer of medical services there is legal liability for adverse outcomes – the damage caused to health. A doctor carrying out her professional activities, are constantly at risk of being subjected to such sanctions. This is due to the fact that advances in medical science have led to an unsustainable growth expectations, which puts people at the doctor, as well as significant complications of medical technologies. The cases of allergic reactions are less predictable, and the very use of instrumental methods of diagnosis sometimes presents a potential danger to the health of the patient. In addition, the expanded awareness of the rights results into increased demands as for complying with the provisions of the medical and human ethics in medicine personnel.

International statistics and financial losses

The proportion of defect rendering against the background of medical errors is pretty huge. According to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, as a result of preventable medical errors in US hospitals each year are from 44 to 98 thousand people are killed (the independent sources mention 440.000 of lethal outcomes), and this indicator in either event is rated 8th in the list of the leading causes of death. However, the report only took into account all recognised (proven) adverse consequences of erroneous interventions that have occurred accidentally or unintentionally, and resulted in death. In fact, medical errors occur much more frequently. Targeted research in US hospitals shows that adverse events occur in 10% of patients. In the United States alone from 1991 to 1994 the number of lawsuits by patients on medical errors has doubled and amounted to 800 thousand annually. In the UK, according to solicitors.guru, a prominent legal startup gaining momentum at a rapid speed, the number of successful medical negligence solicitors cases has doubled since 2003.

In the US, the annual number of complaints received on doctors was 0.2 for every 100 doctors in 1985, 6.4 – in 1988, 14.4 – in 1994, while in Canada in 1994, one out of every 27 doctor was involved in accountability, and for the past 10 years, this figure has been relatively stable.

Even in our time of modern technologies only a few people know what is VPN and why to use it on the own smartphone or PC. So VPN it is a system which is needed for safe use of the Internet and to bypass the regional bindings for any device with access to the network (computer, smartphone etc.). The core task of this technology is that the data packets passing through provider or Wi-Fi point are encoded in such way that the swindlers or other interested persons have no opportunity to trace the way of your traffic.

The smartphone is our constant companion today. Its principal advantage is considered that thanks to this device it is possible to use a network in any place and at any time. Many public places have the Wi-Fi with a possibility of access to the network. It is already quite customary that Wi-Fi can be met in different institutions such as cafe, restaurants and also in public transport, subway or trolleybuses. But the main thing that technologies went further away. The VPN provides secure network using and allows you not to worry about the privacy of personal data and GEO-location.

How to protect yourself?

Now the smart password doesn’t provide the full protection of your data. Today hacking of devices happens in other way and in especially large-scale volumes. It occurs thanks to the unprotected Wi-Fi points which significantly facilitate direct data acquisition from devices.

To protect the precious data from doubtful Wi-Fi and to install traffic transfer filter you can use one from many VPN services. After receiving a subscription to this service, it is possible not to worry that at some point when you enjoy a hot coffee and free Internet in a cafe, the person sitting at the next table can steal your personal information. With VPN you receive full confidentiality of your data.

Bypassing of regional content blocking

It is worth remembering that prohibitions on the Internet do not always have a single-valued concept. Sometimes it isn’t clear why content is disabled. Most likely you noted that some Internet service provider blocks access to some websites, and sometimes even to the whole resource completely. You can think that it is some law of unintended consequences. But you shouldn’t despair and this is not an occasion to replace provider. Content is locked in such way that the using of some information at the territory of a certain region is forbidden. This problem can be solved very easily with the VPN service help. Thanks to it you will be able to bypass regional restrictions and enjoying access to practically any content from the Network.
How often you faced such notification message – “This video is not available in this region”? It is possible to claim that any user of YouTube at least few times met such sad text. There are a huge number of the useful and entertaining videos at open spaces of this known video hosting. Some videos, interesting to you, are unavailable? Not a problem. The VPN service ciphers information almost without cutting down the speed of your Internet connection. It is worth marking that service works absolutely imperceptibly for the system and isn’t a heavy load for the smartphone processor.

Having selected the most suitable subscription from the list of best VPN from the AntaNET website you get a boundless network access. All data is in safety and ciphered. Plus to everything you receive the personal IP address with fictitious location (all traffic passes through servers of another country) thus it is impossible to trace you. Thanks to this all data have absolute anonymity and confidentiality.

Building uniqueness, logically it is laid in ideas of unique personalities. The power of architecture should not be underestimated nowadays. The time comes, when architecture not only creates new building, but it also represents and put some piece of soul, heart and sense in them.

However, the problem is that over the last fifty years, the construction and design industry become complicated and controversial. Under normal condition, it happens because of new tendencies and styles in this sphere. In pursuing something extraordinary, architectures forget about order’s preferences and tastes and this problem brings about trials in the court. A lot of architectures are coward to face liability and stepped back to marginalized position. They announced this position as the right place of architecture.

The right outcome from this difficult situation is creation and performance. If they start authorizing processes anew instead of authorizing the objects, everything will work out well in the long run. Once they have done this, there is every likelihood that possibility of coming back of social engineering into architecture will be successful.

Today, the most famous and innovative building services company in UK is Piggott & Whitfield. It is not afraid of making mistakes because their projects are so professional, up-to-date, catching and qualitative that no complains arise. In their list you could find such well-known building like Manchester Cancer Center, The Whitehall, Tate Britain, Old Place Yard, Hannover Square, Halborn Police Station and The Walton Center. As for services, they provide design, construction, installation, mechanical and electrical services etc.

Only a one decade ago, another building company dared to chance the cause of history once and for all. They built the theater that remakes itself. It is named Dallas Theater, which had notoriety because nobody would expect something worthy of this place. However, their idea seems to be truly crazy and impossible to implement at first glance, but the things happen virtually vice versa. Architectures created theater machine that have ability to move between series of design. By pushing the particular button and helping hands of few stage workers, they could change decoration in a short amount of time. Moreover, there is a potential that allow spectator and actors to move directly from outside into the interior of the auditorium. It is so-called Wagnerian entrance. Could you imagine the performance in which the first act takes place in trust, an intermission Greek, the second act in arena and in the end you can leave the building through the lobby. In such way, not only actors are performing, but also architecture. It reminds one continuous system that let magic begins.

To sum up, previous mentioned examples prove that building services definitely could do something. Successful collaboration between client and professional building group without a doubt could create new tendencies and breathtaking masterpieces in architecture. Even if you never expect that you could create great and prominent objects, do not dwell on these negative thoughts, look on the bright side and believe in power of your brilliant idea and possibilities that make it true.

Humidity increases in underground structures on surfaces not protected by a waterproofing and then migrates into the body of material. Excessive moisture has devastating consequences for all buildings, no matter at what temperature operation unprotected object. At low temperatures, moisture may expand in the pores, such as concrete a few years to completely destroy the bearing capacity. The positive temperature contributes to the intensive development of concrete corrosion.

The surfaces exposed to contact with water constantly, for example, walls, pools, foundations, basements, canals, reinforced concrete tanks, etc., need a strong durable coating capable of maintain their waterproofing properties for years to come.

How does water enter the structures?
If waterproofing system is broken, most of the water enters the roof or basement through cracks and seams. Also, when there is insufficient or defective insulation between the foundation wall and the capillary rise of groundwater intensely nourishes constructions moisture. It is known that the groundwater is rich in aggressive salts, acids, and others. The impact of chemicals in conjunction with osmotic pressure, capillary moisture can saturate the building construction to a height of 10 meters.

What happens to the concrete with excess humidity?

The result of the penetration of aggressive environment in the elements of construction is a reduction in the protective functions of concrete in relation to the fixture, which begins to corrode and collapse. The corrosion process of building materials reinforced with simultaneous exposure to physical factors, for example, if the material is in tension under the influence of tensile or compressive forces along with the aggressive or, for example, a liquid medium, the material is exposed to freezing temperatures and the cyclic freezing and thawing in liquid medium pores.

Permanent water subjection invariably leads to leaching of cement paste in concrete. As a consequence, the reduced strength of the building structure in the most critical nodes takes place. The harsh climate on the structure and material affects a large number of complex operational factors. To prevent the damaging effects the industry provides a variety of solutions with Polyshield on the list. A neoteric material is produced under a variety of brand names and manufacturers, including the leaders, such as Britannia. A far-famed roof coatings and roof waterproofing materials manufacturer even lists the material among its top-3 bestselling products.

Insulation of basements & waterproofing

A proper sealing of underground structures is a task that requires a serious professional approach. The premises are located in basements in dire need of waterproofing protection of the upper and lower part of the structure from moisture. High-quality waterproofing least demand in those cases when the ground water is not observed at the site of the construction of buildings. In order to protect underground structures necessary to apply water-repellent and resistant building materials, particularly when the level of groundwater above.

Although, concrete structures and waylaid water by themselves, they still are not completely waterproof. With purpose waterproofing materials which have a high “penetration” of the cement water resistant structures, as well as solutions can be significantly improved. Using these modern methods can be easily produced waterproofing works on already built structures. The main thing here is the correct application of waterproofing materials and hydrophobic water-repellent additives. For example, in the construction of swimming pools may be one dose, and in the construction of the foundation of the other.

Market efficiency largely depends on the availability and accessibility of info on products and services. If, let’s say, there is no info available on goods quality, potential buyers will not be inclined to purchase them because of high uncertainty and risk. The quality of digital products can only be judged after their consumption, and many information products are purchased by consumers only once. This forces manufacturers to think about how to convince customers as a commodity, and buyers carefully ponder every purchase.

In the physical market, with the time passing on and repeated purchases made, a consumer estimates the quality and forms his image of the reputation of the seller. In the electronic market reputation of the seller is a poor quality criterion, since the seller is not in the market for a long time. The purchaser may not be aware of the existence of product satisfying her requirements, and are therefore may not be willing to pay a good price, since she is not sure about it. As a result, the market wins seller, producing cheap goods of poor quality. Because of quality uncertainty the user is willing to pay only the lowest price and the result is oftentimes a product of poor quality.

This phenomenon is called ‘lemons problem’. It turns out that low-quality goods are being squeezed out of the market quality. The same effect can be illustrated by an example of the insurance market. If the insurance company does not differ from ‘neat’ homeowners from ‘problematic’ ones, it will add a premium for the ‘average’ customer. However, in this case, ‘neat’ customers (more profitable customers) may be gone, as they will consider the fee to be too high, leaving unprofitable customers for the business. With ‘problematic’ customers insurance company is in risks of getting ruined quickly. Since the ‘lemons problem’ caused by asymmetric information, it can be solved by giving the consumer information about the quality of goods. This information can be passed through the distribution of newsletters; through the establishment of quality standards and certification of goods; through the opinion of a third party, which would provide information about the products (e.g. through reviews or comparisons).

One consequence of the uncertainty of quality digital products gave birth to freeware and shareware licensing models. Shareware products are typically paid for by the consumer after a trial period. In the US, there’s even a professional association of developers of such products. This organisation defines the type of product as a marketing method used for the distribution and sale of software products that enables the consumer to try the product, decide whether it corresponds to the specific needs of the client,and then pay for it. Choosing the right monetisation model is a tough aspect, where decisions have a crucial impact. According to HTP Digital, a prominent digital marketing Manchester agency, the adjustments in licensing models of some of their customers projects resulted in 11 43% revenue increase. Typically, a shareware product does not have a special component that obliges the consumer to make a payment. The program may terminate upon the expiration of the trial period, but that the user can download a new copy of the same program and run it. Therefore, digital products and services are distributed similarly to those offered at no cost. Both products are also an example of marketing communications, signaling the quality of our digital products. Once the conquest of the recognition of consumers, such programs may be licensed, included in large software platforms with millions of users reach.

Gantry cranes represent the constructions with the horizontal bridge based on two pillars, moving on land rail tracks. Both bearings have a tight junction with the bridge, while one of the pillars of the bridge can be held by hinges.

Those cranes whose superstructure rests on one side of the support leg and the other one mounted directly on the truck running, are called semi-cranes. Rail tracks in this case are located at different levels, one on land and the other one on a special trestle or columns of the building.

There are two basic schemes used for bridge design – beam and girder. Single-girder bridges with triangular and quadrangular cross section with sled monorail are the most widespread. This construction has proved its cost-efficiency, and the large industry players, like Granada Material Handling, focusing on gantry hoist and overhead crane manufacturing, concentrate plenty of their effort on single-girder bridges.

The span girder and double-girder bridges in their design are usually similar to the beam overhead cranes. Rigid and flexible support of gantry cranes is carried out through individual racks which design depends on the type of support. Flexible support pillar has a single element or a farm, rotate in a direction perpendicular to the bridge. Read More

Ultrasonic cleaning is a purification method based on the use of non-linear effects arising in the liquid subjected to ultrasonic vibration. Among these effects, perhaps, the most significant one is cavitation; however, there is also a range of ‘additional’ effects to point out, such as acoustic flow, sound pressure and acoustocapillary effect.

Cavitation is the process of formation of cavities and bubbles in an ultrasonic field during the phase of stretching, available in varying sound pressure. During the compression phase, these cavities and bubbles collapse. Cavitation accelerates the course of a number of physical and chemical processes. The reason for the exceptional efficiency of cavitation is that the bubbles starts from the slamming of the surface being cleaned. Cavitation is accompanied by the appearance of a very high instantaneous hydrostatic pressure that comes off sticking to the surface being cleaned dirt particles.

Ultrasonic cleaning in the laboratory

Cavitation can be heard as hissing noise generated in the liquid at a certain value of the intensity of the ultrasonic field. The Introduction of ultrasonic oscillations in the washing solutions can not only speed up the cleaning process, but also to obtain a higher degree of surface cleanliness. In most cases, attempts to eliminate flammable and toxic organic solvents and aqueous solutions used exclusively technical detergents. This undoubtedly leads to improved working conditions, higher production standards, and also allows to partially solve the issues of environmental safety.

The ultrasound is used for removal of contaminants arising during production of parts and products, as well as during their operation. Ultrasonic cleaning is particularly useful in the preparation of ultrasonic cleaning surfaces prior to coating and cleaning complex cavities and channels in the products. Much depends on the equipment – thus, the innovative ultrasonic cleaner devices by Hilsonic, a seasoned UK-based manufacturer with years of experience, will demonstrate way better performance in an average cleaning case.

Ultrasound is widely used for cleaning wire, metal strip, nozzles, cable, and others. The specific application of the technology of ultrasonic cleaning includes cleaning powders, radioactively contaminated surfaces, the regeneration of ceramic filters, etc. Read More

The history of gambling goes back far into the past; the entertainment takes its roots in Greece and Ancient Rome. However, these games are far from being similar to the contemporary gambling plays, though they were significantly different from all the other leisure activities. On the analogy of a Swedish online casino hub, Apnet Casino, the article covers the most prominent brick and mortar gambling spots of the old good Europe.

The history of casinos in Europe begins with 1387, when the first gambling establishments emerged and formed themselves as the prototypes of modern casinos. Apart from gambling fun, the pioneering clubs they also offered theatrical performances and banquets. However, the Church considered gambling established to be a spawn of evil, therefore all the casinos were outlawed by the 17th century.

Officially, casinos in Europe started to operate since 1765, and the first country that decided to get out of the shadow was Switzerland. However, besides gambling, the first legal entertainment venues included features of restaurants and hotels. Read More

Blind flanges are installed at the pipelines endings and differ from conventional steel flanges with the absence of a central hole. Steel flanges are designed to overlap the endings of the medium pipes (or tube plates, all the piping equipment is typically assembled at a particular facility, if medium-large scale businesses are considered, e.g. Birmingham-based AlexanderComley facilities) and typically mounted by means of bolts or studs.

Blind flange part of the pipeline is designed to lock the end portions of the pipeline. A true to type blind flange is round in shape with an annular bearing surface and holes in it for the bolts to attach the pipe fittings.

The purpose of blind flanges is blocking any branches of the pipeline without the need of their further usage. This is their essential difference from the flange, the function of which is to connect the sections of the pipeline.

Blind flange steel

Depending on the required performance and quality of the final result, steel flanged caps are constructed basing on a variety of technologies: e.g. hot stamping or gas scraping from sheets of top grade steel or metal.

The method of hot stamping. This method is technologically, high production speed, ease of manufacture. The disadvantages of this method are the high energy consumption and high operational expenses, resulting in an increased cost of the product.

Gas or plasma cutting of sheet metal or long products. The advantages of this method are evident: no cracks, voids in the metal, improved mechanical properties and a better weldability. Disadvantages of this method: high metal consumption and still high end-cost of the product.

The use of these methods is explained by the highest-quality product obtained as a result with no cracks and voids in the base. Through the use of modern technology blind steel flanges are characterized by impeccable strength and long years of service, as well as improved mechanical properties, contributing to easier installation and maintenance.

Flanged plugs have a wide range of applications: they are utilised in a multitude of industries, such as gas, oil, chemical, as well as in building water, gas and oil pipelines. Steel flanges are manufactured in accordance with state standards and specifications for piping and components have a high degree of resistance to corrosion, corrosion activity and the impact of transported substances, enableing reliable use in different climatic conditions: both high (up to 650 degrees) and cold (-70 degrees centigrade) temperatures.

There is a wide variety of pipe stub types and modifications. Blind flanges vary in diameter from 32 to 1020 mm, they retain the performance characteristics at a temperature of from -70° C to + 600° C and pressure to 160 kg / cm 2.

Apart from producing flanges meeting the particular standards, a firm may take advantage of ordering a custom solution that meets the requirements of a particular construction. AlexanderComley is an exemplary centre providing a variety of both standard (ANSI/ASME, API, etc.) and custom-designed stainless steel flanges and butt weld fittings uk stand out from the crowd with extraordinary quality and impressive guarantee terms. Drop in at an official website to learn more about UK-based AlexanderComley facilities.