2015年MBA联考英语真题及答案解析

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

Directions：Read the following text。Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and markA,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10 points）

In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with -- or even looking at -- a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones, even without a 1 underground.

It's a sad reality -- our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings -- because there's 2 to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn't know it, 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 : "Please don't approach me."

What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens? One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as "creepy,". We fear we'll be 7 . We fear we'll be disruptive. Strangers are inherently 8 to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones. "Phones become our security blanket," Wortmann says. "They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 ."

But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn't 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a13. The duo had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14. "When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own," the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect a positive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, "not a single person reported having been snubbed."

18, these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.

Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)

Text1 A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People art actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people’s control. Which is it at stress marker. While they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge。

“Further contradicting conventional wisdom we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home” writes one of the researchers. Sarah Damaske In fact women say they feel better at work. She notes. “it is men not women. Who report being happier at home than at work” Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with children and without but more so for non parents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health。

What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when they’ re at home whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women it’ s not surprising that women are more stressed at home。

But it’s not just a gender thing. At work people pretty much know what they’re supposed to be doing: working making money doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola。 On the home front however people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it or if they’ re teenagers threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus they’ re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home。

So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite the co-workers are much harder to motivate。

21.According to Paragraph 1，most previous surveys found that home___________

[A]was an un realistic place for relaxation

[B]generated more stress than the workplace

[C]was an ideal plac efor stress measurement

[D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace

22.According to Damaske，who are likely to be the happiest at home?

[A]Working mothers

[B]Childless husbands

[C] Childless wives

[D]Working fathers

23 The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that___________

解析：细节题。精读题干，划出关键词大写人物D，问家里谁最幸福。根据题干回文定位到第二段后半部分“It is men…report being happier”，因此男性更幸福。接下来，“but more so for nonparents”。因此答案为没有孩子的丈夫。

23 答案A they are both bread winners and housewives

解析：细节题。题干提出“the blurring of working women’s roles”，根据题干定位到第三段后半部分“the blurring of roles”，指代前面两句话“For women who stay home……..And for women who work outside the home”。根据原文定位句信息，得出女性既要忙工作又要忙家务。

24.答案 C earnings 这是一道词义句意题，定位在第四段第二句，At work，people pretty much know what they’re supposed to be doing: working, making money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income.在工作中，人们清楚地知道他们该做什么，工作，赚钱，为了得到收入完成他们必须要做的工作。这与划线单词相对应，employee draws out life-sustaining moola 和draw an income相对应，所以moola是earnings同义。

25.答案 B division of labor at home is seldom-clear-cut 这是一道因果细节题，答案定位在第五段首句，On the home front, however, people have no such clarity.然而，对于家庭，人们并不是很清楚。no such clarity与seldom-clear-cut 相对应。

Text 2

For years studies have found that first-generation college students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students but then watching many of them fail means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen rather than close” achievement gap based on social class according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science。

But the article is actually quite optimistic as it outlines a potential solution to this problem suggesting that an approach(which involves a one-hour next-to-no-cost program)can close 63 percent of the achievement gap(measured by such factors as grades)between first-generation and other students。 The authors of the paper are from different universities and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students(who completed the project)at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree Most of the first-generation students(59.1percent) were recipients of Pell Grants，a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need，while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-year degree

Their thesis-that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-gene ration students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap。

Many first-generation students’ struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education，learn the rules of the game, and take advantage of college resources” they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages don’t talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students’ educational experience，many first-gene ration students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students’ like them can improve

26. Recruiting more first-generation students has

[A]reduced their dropout rates

[B]narrowed the achievement gap

[C] missed its original purpose

[D]depressed college students

27 The author of the research article are optimistic because

[A]the problem is solvable

[B]their approach is costless

[q the recruiting rate has increased

[D]their finding appeal to students

28 The study suggests that most first-gene ration students

[A]study at private universities

[B]are from single-parent families

[q are in need of financial support

[D]have failed their collage

29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students

[A]are actually indifferent to the achievement gap

[B]can have a potential influence on other students

[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects

[D]are inexperienced in handling their issues at college

30.We may infer from the last paragraph that――

[A]universities often r~ect the culture of the middle-class

[B]students are usually to blame for their lack of resources

[C]social class greatly helps en rich educational experiences

[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question

T2：

26. 答案 C missed its original purpose 细节题 定位在首段末句，This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students but then watching many of them fail means that higher education has“continued to reproduce and widen rather than close” achievement gap.文中说雇佣第一代大学生然后看着他们失败，这是一种自相矛盾的事，这意味着更进一步的教育不断扩大了而不是缩小了这种差距。C选项是此句话的概括，也就是招聘第一代大学没能达到其最初的目的。

27. 答案 A the problem is solvable 因果细节题 定位在二段首句， But the article is actually quite optimistic as it outlines a potential solution to this problem...文章相当乐观因为它给出了可能解决这一问题的办法，as后就是文章乐观的原因，it outlines a potential solution to this problem与A选项同意替换。

28. 答案C are in need of financial support 细节题 定位在三段第三句 Most of the first-generation students (59.1percent) were recipients of Pell Grant, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need... with financial need..与选项C同意替换

29. 答案D are inexperienced in handling their issues at college 细节题 定位在四段首句后半句 ....first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. 第一代大学生缺少的不是潜力，而是在处理大多数大学生面对的问题时的实际的常识。but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students与选项D同意替换

30. 答案 D colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question 段落推断题 定位在末段第三句 Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students’ educational experience....因为美国一些学院和大学很少承认社会阶级对学生教育经历的影响，所以。。。这就意味着学校应该为目前的问题负部分责任，与选项D相对应。

Text3

Even in traditional offices，“the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago，"said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn She started spinning off examples。“If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990，we would see much less frequent use of terms like Journey mission passion. There were goals，there were strategies，there were objectives，but we didn’t talk about energy；we didn’t talk about passion。”

Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented-and not by coincidence。“Let’s not forget sDorts-in male-dominated corporate America，it’s still a big deal. It’s not explicitly conscious；it’s the idea that I’m a coach，and you’re my team，and we’re in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies，but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win"。

These terms a re also intended to infuse work with meaning-and，as Khurana points out，increase allegiance to the firm。“You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations：Terms like vision，values，passion，and purpose，”said Khurana

This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance The “mommy wars” of the 1990s a re still going on today prompting arguments about why women still can't have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg's Lean In，whose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug，offline，life-hack，bandwidth，and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home But if your work is your “passion” you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it，even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed

But this seems to be the irony of office speak：Everyone makes fun of it，but manage rs love it，companies depend on it，and regular people willingly absorb it As Nunberg said，“You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it。” In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work-and how your work defines who you

31. According to NancyKoehn office language has become________

[A]more e motional

[B]more objective

[C]less energetic

[D]less energetic

[E]less strategic

32.“team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to________

[A]historical incidents

[B]gender difference

[C]sports culture

[D]athletic executives

33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to________

[A]revive historical terms

[B]promote company image

[C]foster corporate cooperation

[D]strengthen employee loyalty

34.It can be inferred that Lean In_________

[A]voices for working women

[B]appeals to passionate workaholics

[C]triggers debates among mommies

[D]praises motivated employees

35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?

[A]Managers admire it but avoid it

[B]Linguists believe it to be nonsense

[C]Companies find it to be fundamental

[D]Regular people mock it but accept it

T3

31 答案A more emotional

解析：细节题。根据题干关键词NancyKoehn及office language定位，找到第一段的Nancy Koehn引号里的那句话the lingua franca…gotten much more emotional and much more bright-brained.选项A中的more emotional即完全符合原文。

32 答案 C sports culture

解析：细节题。题干中出现team-oriented corporate vocabulary，根据该信息回到第二段定位，提到it’s the idea that ‘m a coach...team…but most…coaches…team.，都是与运动有关的信息，与选项进行匹配，恰当是运动文化。

Text4 Many people talked of the 288000new jobs the Labor Department reported for Jure along with the drop in the unemployment take to 6 J percent. at good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace。

However there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830000(44 percent)above its year ago level。 Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will behaving a very hard time making ends meet。

There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession but it is down by 640000(7.9 percent)from its year ago level。

We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35hours in the reference week. If the answer is “yes。”they are classified as working part-time. The survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice. They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week。

The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance。

However Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance。

36. Which part of the jobs picture was neglected?

A. The prospect of a thriving job market。

B. The increase of voluntary part-time jobs。

C. The possibility of full employment。

D. The acceleration of job creation。

37. Many people work part-time because they

A. prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs

B. feel that is enough to make ends meet

C. cannot get their hands on full-time jobs

D. haven' t seen the weakness of the market

38. Involuntary part-time employment in the US

A. is harder to acquire than one year ago

B. shows a general tendency of decline

C. satisfies the real need of the jobless

D. is lower than before the recession

39. It can be learned that with Obamacare 。

A. it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance

B. employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance

C. it is still challenging to get insurance for family members

D. full-time employment is still essential for insurance

40. The text mainly discusses 。

A. employment in the US

B. part-timer classification

C. insurance through Medicaid

D. Obamacare’s trouble

T4

36 B The increase of voluntary part-time jobs. 细节题定位到第二段第一句和第二句However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. 第二句there was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part time. 选项B是文章内容的同义替换。

37 C cannot get their hands on full-time jobs.细节题定位到第三段的第三句话they take part-time work because this is all they can get.可见C选项是文章内容的同义替换。

38. B: shows a general tendency of decline 细节题根据题干关键词involuntary part-time employment in the US定位到原文第四段，转折词但是总的方向是在下降。同意替换答案B，总的趋势是在下降。

39. B employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance 推断题根据题干关键词obamacare,定位到原文第6段第一句，自愿做兼职工作的问题与奥巴马的医疗政策有关，因为一个主要原因是允许人们在就业之外得到保险，同意替换答案就业不再是得到保险的一个前提。

Directions：Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Make your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

[A]You are not alone

[B]Experience helps you grow

[C]Pave your own unique path

[D]Most of your fears are unreal

[E]Think about the present moment

[F]Don’t fear responsibility for your life

[G]There are many things to be grateful for

Some Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough Times Unfortunately, life is not a bed of roses. We are going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover, we are grieving various kinds of loss: a friendship, romantic relationship or a house .Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they won’t last forever.

When our time of mourning is over, we press forward, stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness. I want to share these old truths I’ve learned along the way.

41._______________________________ Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately, people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said, “Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice.” I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.

42.________________________________ If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past, try to focus on the present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. You may feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you. Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past, but a mindset that can be designed into the present.

43.________________________________ Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.

44._______________________________ No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, you should always remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life, especially your dearest and nearest people. You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor, help and companionship. If you have no friends or relatives, try to participate in several online communities, full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.

45._______________________________ Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining ivity from external sources. This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin, think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.

答案：41. D 42. E 43. G 44. A 45. C

Part C Translation

Directions: Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)

Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to lose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.

This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.

The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was proportionately shorter.

47. Directions: Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school students. Write a notice to

1) briefly introduce the camp activities, and

2) call for volunteers.

Your should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.

Do not use your name or the name of your university.

Do not write your address.(10 points)

Notice

June 20 ,2014 To enrich extracurricular activities, our school intends to hold a summer camp for students from high school on July 6,2015. The event will include English learning and basketball games.

Thus, volunteers for this camp are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs, including reception, distribution of documents, etc. Candidates must have adequate patience with the adolescents. Besides, the volunteers ought to have outstanding skills at English. Students who have previous experience as volunteers are preferred.

Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before June 30,2014.

As is clearly reflected in the above pie chart, the proportion of money spent on various affairs demonstrates obvious differences during the Spring Festival in one city of China. According to the data given, the money spent on buying gifts for others takes a lion’s share, accounting for 40%. While transportation takes away 20% of the whole proportion.

What triggers this phenomenon? It is not difficult to put forward several factors responsible for this phenomenon. To start with, with the ever-growing eagerness to keep up with others, oceans of folks intended to offer thicker and thicker red envelope to kids as gift money, which leads to the high proportion of our expenditure. What’s more, due to the great urbanization, most Chinese residents move from their hometowns to work in big cities. In order to cover the long distance and enjoy the happy together with family members, a large amount of money is spent on transportation.

In view of the arguments above, we can conclude that the current phenomenon is of no surprise. And therefore, it can be predicted that buying gifts and transportation will still take up a large share in our expenditure during the Spring Festival.