By: Corrado Sinigaglia

Description : Regular physical activity has a positive impact on cognition and brain function. Here we investigated if a single bout of
exercise can improve motor memory and motor skill learning. We also explored if the timing of the exercise bout in relation
to the timing of practice has any impact on the acquisition and retention of a motor skill. Forty-eight young subjects were
randomly allocated into three groups, which practiced a visuomotor accuracy-tracking task e...

By: André Frédéric

Description : Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is an essential growth factor that regulates the processes necessary for cell proliferation,
differentiation, and survival. The Igf1 gene encodes mature IGF-I and a carboxy-terminal extension called the E-peptide. In
rodents, alternative splicing and post-translational processing produce two E-peptides (EA and EB). EB has been studied
extensively and has been reported to promote cell proliferation and migration independe...

By: Michael Platten

Description : Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells with a promising potential in cancer immunotherapy. Cbl proteins
are E3 ubiquitin ligases and have been implicated in regulating the functional activity of various immune cells. As an
example, c-Cbl negatively affects DC activation. We here describe that another member of the Cbl-protein family (i.e. Cbl-b)
is highly expressed in murine bone-marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs). Differentiation of cblb2/2 bone...

By: Jr-kai Sky Yu

Description : Like many metazoans, the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii begins its post-embryonic life with a set of
morphologically distinct planktonic larval stages, followed by a benthic post-larval stage during which the maturing
organism differs from the larvae both ecologically and physiologically. Understanding of the molecular basis underlying
morphogenesis in crustaceans is limited to the observation that methyl farnesoate, the non-epoxidated form of t...

By: Dustin Rubenstein

Description : Feeding stations are commonly used to sustain conservation programs of scavengers but their impact on behaviour is still
debated. They increase the temporal and spatial predictability of food resources while scavengers have supposedly evolved
to search for unpredictable resources. In the Grands Causses (France), a reintroduced population of Griffon vultures Gyps
fulvus can find carcasses at three types of sites : 1. ‘‘light feeding stations’’, where farmers...

By: Ofer Ovadia

Description : Aphids feed on plant phloem sap, rich in sugars but poor in essential amino acids. However, sugars cause osmotic
regulation problems for aphids, which they overcome by hydrolysing the sugars in their gut and polymerising the hydrolysis
products into oligosaccharides, excreted with honeydew. Aphids harbour primary bacterial endosymbionts, which supply
them with essential amino acids necessary for survival. They also harbour secondary (facultative) endosymbio...

By: Wei Ning Chen

Description : The C. reinhardtii chloroplast is a suitable expression system for the production of the E7GGG protein, in a
soluble, immunogenic form. The production in contained and sterile conditions highlights the potential of microalgae as
alternative platforms for the production of vaccines for human uses

By: Sean Walker

Description : Most of the shell material in snails is composed of calcium carbonate but the organic shell matrix determines the properties
of calcium carbonate crystals. It has been shown that the deposition of calcium carbonate is affected by the ingestion of
organic compounds. We hypothesize that organic compounds not synthesized by the snails are important for shell strength
and must be obtained from the diet. We tested this idea indirectly by evaluating whether the a...

By: Yi-hsiang Hsu

Description : Obesity in children has become an epidemic in the U.S. and is particularly prominent in minority populations such as
Mexican-Americans. In addition to physical activity and diet, genetics also plays a role in obesity etiology. A few studies in
adults and adolescents suggest a link between obesity and paraoxonase 1 (PON1), a multifunctional enzyme that can
metabolize organophosphate pesticides and also has antioxidant properties. We determined PON1192 genoty...

By: Zhanjiang Liu

Description : Phytophthora capsici is a soilborne plant pathogen capable of infecting a wide range of plants, including many solanaceous
crops. However, genetic resistance and fungicides often fail to manage P. capsici due to limited knowledge on the molecular
biology and basis of P. capsici pathogenicity. To begin to rectify this situation, Illumina RNA-Seq was used to perform
massively parallel sequencing of three cDNA samples derived from P. capsici mycelia (MY), zoos...

By: James Fung

Description : Under the recommended prophylaxis, breastfeeding is not a risk factor for mother-to-child
transmission of HBV. Therefore, clinicians should encourage HBV-infected mothers to breastfeed their infants.

By: Marie-joelle Virolle

Description : This study provides new information on the extracellular proteome of R. flavefaciens and its
regulation in response to different growth substrates. Furthermore it suggests that the cotton cellulose non-degrading
strain (007S) has altered regulation of multiple proteins that may be required for breakdown of cotton cellulose. One of
these, the type IV pilus was previously shown to play a role in adhesion to cellulose in R. albus, and a related pilin protein
w...

By: Esteban Andres Fridman

Description : During 0.1–0.2% of operations with general anesthesia, patients become aware during surgery. Unfortunately,
pharmacologically paralyzed patients cannot seek attention by moving. Their attempted movements may however induce
detectable EEG changes over the motor cortex. Here, methods from the area of movement-based brain-computer
interfacing are proposed as a novel direction in anesthesia monitoring. Optimal settings for development of such a
paradigm are stu...

By: Nanyin Zhang

Description : Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) has been widely used to investigate temporally correlated
fluctuations between distributed brain areas, as well as to characterize local synchronization of low frequency (,0.1 Hz)
spontaneous fMRI signal. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) was proposed as a voxel-wise measure of the synchronization of
the timecourses of neighboring voxels and has been used in many studies of brain disorders. However, th...

By: Jianming Tang

Description : There was long-term, continuous, immunologic recovery up to 7 years after ART initiation in an urban
Ugandan cohort. Virologically suppressed women had better sustained immune recovery than men. Men take longer
to immune reconstitute and have a lower probability of reaching a CD4 cell count >400 cells/μL. The biologic
mechanisms of these gender differences need further exploration.

By: David Caramelli

Description : The importance of wild barley from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the origin and domestication of cultivated barley has long been
underestimated. Population-based phylogenetic analyses were performed to study the origin and genetic diversity of
Chinese domesticated barley, and address the possibility that the Tibetan region in China was an independent center of
barley domestication. Wild barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum) populations from Southwest Asia, Ce...

By: Jaymie Meliker

Description : Total daily intakes of diethyl phthalate (DEP), di(n-butyl) phthalate (DnBP), di(isobutyl) phthalate (DiBP), butyl benzyl
phthalate (BBzP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were calculated from phthalate metabolite levels measured in the
urine of 431 Danish children between 3 and 6 years of age. For each child the intake attributable to exposures in the indoor
environment via dust ingestion, inhalation and dermal absorption were estimated from the phtha...