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1 Side by side with working animals for 90 years Annual Review

2 90th Anniversary Kate was at her happiest treating some long and difficult case, proving the bystanders wrong when they said the animal must die... Until her death in Marrakech in 1944, she worked alone, loved and respected by the people and known to them as the Toubiba [the lady doctor]. Nina Hosali describing her mother, SPANA s co-founder Kate Hosali

3 Introduction from the chief executive Contents 3 Introduction from the chief executive 4 5 For the working animals of the world 6 7 Veterinary care 8 9 Training Educating children Outreach & emergency Investing in the future Summarised financial statements 18 Thank you 19 Governance 2013 is an important year for SPANA. It s 90 years ago this year since the charity was founded by Kate Hosali and her daughter Nina. To escape the misery of an English winter, in 1921 Kate and Nina visited north Africa, as many of us still do. They were captivated by the people, the landscape and a very different way of life but they were also horrified by the suffering of the countless animals the people depended upon. Not suffering brought about by cruelty, but by poverty and ignorance. They knew something practical had to be done but realised that if they didn t act, no-one would. And so SPANA was born. Of course things have changed since then. SPANA has grown enormously, working in new countries and benefitting from the incredible developments in veterinary medicine but Kate and Nina s founding principles, and in particular their compassion, continue to drive all our work. Not only do we provide much needed veterinary care, we also teach and train young children and their teachers, qualified vets as well as students, animal owners and farriers. And that too is a legacy of Kate and Nina. Thanks to their extraordinary courage and resilience, SPANA s work in north Africa continued throughout the Second World War. And so it s no surprise that SPANA remains committed to helping animals even in some of the most difficult and dangerous regions of the world. From the Horn of Africa to Zimbabwe, from Mali to Mongolia, we are there when we re needed and we plan to do even more in the year ahead. We achieve all this thanks to the dedication and fearlessness of our staff, especially those working in difficult and sometimes dangerous conditions. I owe thanks also to the SPANA board of trustees, particularly our outgoing chairman Dr Roger Curtis, whose stewardship has helped SPANA through the challenges of the last few years. I also take this opportunity to welcome his successor, Sir Roger Gale MP. Finally, Kate and Nina knew they could do nothing without their supporters and that is a lesson we will never forget. On behalf of everyone at SPANA, right across the world, I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to every individual and organisation that has supported SPANA in the past year. There is so much more to do and so much more we have planned for the years ahead but we can achieve none of this without our supporters. Thank you all. Jeremy Hulme Chief Executive Front cover: Donkey at Chemaia centre, Morocco. Photo Telegraph Media Group / Dylan Thomas Opposite: Kate Hosali, SPANA s co-founder This page: SPANA chief executive Jeremy Hulme Annual Review

4 For the working animals of the world For many of those who travel to the less developed parts of the world, it can come as something of a shock to discover quite how reliant so many societies still are on animals. Countless communities worldwide depend on horses, mules, donkeys, camels and oxen to take the place of trucks, tractors and taxis. These hardworking and often overlooked animals underpin the livelihoods of many of the world s poorest people, and continue to play a pivotal role in economies right across the developing world. Photo Tryfon Topalidis In Morocco, mules carry goods to the villages of the rural south, ensuring farmers can generate an income from their crop. In Mauritania s capital, Nouakchott, 50,000 donkeys deliver fresh water daily to the city s one million people, providing the only source of drinking water for most of its population. In Mongolia, horses enable pastoralists to squeeze a meagre living from the land, covering vast distances in the freezing winters. In east Africa, livestock and camels can be all that stands between life and death for the nomadic communities during the long and frequent droughts. Animals are the very backbone of these societies. They are essential for food, for water, for livelihoods for life. But their lives can be short and often involve great suffering. Working day after day in extremes of temperature, often with ill-fitting harnessing, inadequate food and no access to veterinary care, many working animals endure constant pain. But it doesn t need to be this way. SPANA is the charity for the working animals of the world, dedicated to relieving the suffering of all species of working animal. Each year we treat hundreds of thousands of animals. We vaccinate against disease, tend to injuries, relieve pain and help owners to understand how they can better care for their animal. Meanwhile, our education teams are building a more compassionate future, one child at a time. We do all this with no government funding, relying entirely on those individuals and organisations who understand that the welfare of poor communities depends on animals, and the welfare of those animals depends on SPANA. 4 Annual Review 2013

5 According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, there are at least 100 million working donkeys, horses and mules worldwide. The total number of working animals, including camels, oxen and other species, is believed to be much higher still. Pack mules in the High Atlas mountains of Morocco. Photo Katie-Jane Cockerill Annual Review

6 Veterinary care SPANA s first veterinary clinics date back to the mid 1920s, when Kate and Nina Hosali returned to north Africa to begin their lifelong work to alleviate the terrible suffering of working animals. In more recent years SPANA s ambitious growth has seen us expand across Africa and the Middle East, delivering more treatments and educating more owners than ever before. Photo Telegraph Media Group / Dylan Thomas SPANA s resources are finite, yet the need is overwhelming. For that reason our veterinary strategy for the coming years will focus on developing the skills and capacity of local veterinary professionals and partner organisations, helping more animals in need through the provision of training, funding and advice rather than an increase in direct treatments treatment statistics: During 2012, SPANA vets delivered 362,565 treatments in total, including: 17,191 treatments for digestive problems, including colic 11,297 treatments for respiratory problems 8,429 treatments for eye and ear complaints 3,696 treatments for infections, including tetanus and blood parasites 3,098 treatments for sores caused by bits 1,599 treatments for wounds caused by bites 16,034 tooth rasping treatments 4,117 vaccinations During 2012 the number of treatments by species included: 182,446 donkeys 82,118 horses 10,402 camels 43,580 mules 2012 veterinary highlights The SPANA Ethiopia team led a study that identified new strains of the deadly disease African Horse Sickness, the acute form of which is fatal in around 95 per Photo Tryfon Topalidis cent of all cases. As a result of the study, the Ethiopian government has introduced a new vaccination programme; preliminary results suggest this will have a dramatic impact on the welfare of the country s working horse population. Many villages in the High Atlas mountains of Morocco are inaccessible to vehicles and rely instead on mules. SPANA sends a mobile clinic to the village of Imlil once a month where, alongside veterinary treatments, the team also monitors the health of each animal. Owners who care for their animal s welfare are awarded prizes (and a bag of barley to feed their animal). The UK veterinary team is developing new procedures to accurately measure the impact of SPANA s work globally. During 2012 a baseline farriery assessment was carried out on Ethiopian working cart horses, which will enable a better evaluation of farriery training courses in the future. Veterinary staff were joined by animal welfare campaigner Ann Widdecombe during the summer when they launched a media campaign to help tourists identify poorly treated animals used in the tourism industry. The campaign also provided tourists with more information on how to lobby tour operators and national tourist boards to improve welfare standards. 6 Annual Review 2013

7 Case file: In Ethiopia, a country with over 2.5 million working horses, SPANA runs a busy veterinary clinic in the town of Debre Zeit and has two mobile clinics that travel to surrounding towns. Jengo the cart horse was brought to one of our mobile clinics by his worried owner Shibeshi. SPANA vet Dr Hanna found two painful wounds caused by a poorly-fitting homemade harness. In an impoverished country like Ethiopia, many owners of working animals simply cannot afford to buy new equipment and are forced to improvise. Dr Hanna cleaned Jengo s wounds and applied topical zinc oxide ointment. She then gave Jengo a course of antibiotics and an anti-tetanus injection, exchanged the rusty old bit for a comfortable SPANA alternative, and discussed with Shibeshi how to avoid similar injuries in the future by padding and modifying harnessing. Photo Anna Fawcus After a period of rest, Jengo was able to work free from suffering, once again providing an income for Shibeshi s family. Around 80 per cent of the world s equine population are found in the developing world, including 97 per cent of all mules, 96 per cent of donkeys and 60 per cent of horses. (Pritchard et al, 2005; Wilson, 2002) Dr Younesse at SPANA s Chemaia centre. Photo Telegraph Media Group / Dylan Thomas Annual Review

8 Training SPANA s veterinary programme provides treatments for hundreds of thousands of sick and injured donkeys, horses, mules and camels. But with an estimated one hundred million working equines worldwide, many in countries beyond SPANA s reach, free treatment alone can never be enough. In recent years, SPANA has focused more on supporting the building of effective veterinary infrastructures in developing countries, improving clinical skills and working in partnership to increase the availability of veterinary and animal health workers. It s an approach that works. Through training, SPANA is helping to build a network of veterinary professionals that makes maximum use of limited resources and represents a sustainable investment that will benefit working animals for years to come. New Zealand vet Sara Sutherland volunteered at SPANA s clinics in Morocco as part of our Veterinary Graduate Programme: When people are used to seeing animals being mistreated, they stop noticing. But through its veterinary and education programmes, SPANA is working to change that. From my time in Morocco, I learned that cases of animal mistreatment don t normally arise from cruelty but from owners not being aware of how to recognise and prevent disease or injury. That s where SPANA provides an invaluable service not just treating injury and disease but also teaching owners simple things they can do to prevent these problems in the first place veterinary training highlights A new partnership with Dakar University, Senegal will ensure all fourth year students will now train at the SPANA centre in Nouakchott, Mauritania. The partnership will improve equine healthcare across the region, since the university educates students from 15 west African countries. In Morocco, all student vets must spend time training at one of SPANA s centres. UK and other veterinary graduates also take part in our Veterinary Graduate Programme, working unpaid with SPANA in Morocco to gain valuable clinical experience while also sharing their skills with our local teams. In Ethiopia, all fourth year students at the University of Addis Ababa attended at least one SPANA mobile clinic visit during The SPANA Ethiopia team has also recruited a new staff member to lead on the provision of clinical skills training for undergraduate students. Sara Sutherland BVSc MSc Photo Tryfon Topalidis 8 Annual Review 2013

9 SPANA also delivers training courses for working animal owners, designed to improve knowledge and change behaviours. A new member of staff has recently been appointed to oversee and further strengthen this work highlights included: Delivery of a series of courses for cart horse owners across Ethiopia Training for pack mule guides working in Morocco s High Atlas mountains Ongoing work with calèche horse owners in Marrakech. Owners cannot legally operate in the city without their animals passing SPANA welfare inspections. One billion of the world s poor rely on animals as a means of income generation, subsistence, transportation and social cohesion. (LID 1999; Pica-Ciamarra et al, 2010) Veterinary clinic visit in Zimbabwe. Annual Review

10 Educating children From the very earliest days of SPANA, education has been central to our work to relieve the suffering of working animals. Of course, we must equip owners with the essential knowledge to care for their animals properly, but if we re to develop empathy, compassion and respect for animals, our work must begin at a much younger age. SPANA now runs education programmes for schoolchildren in every one of its permanent countries. During 2012 we extended our classroom-based projects, while continuing to reach out beyond the classroom with our mobile exhibition units. Measuring our success In 2012 the education department began a major project to evaluate the success of its programmes. Led by Dr Stephen Albone, the research will help in the design of more effective animal education courses in the future. Over the past year, the Ethiopian education programme came under closest scrutiny. Around 600 children between the ages of eight and 11 participated in the SPANA course during the academic year. Dr Albone measured the impact of the course with questionnaires at the beginning and end of the school year. Preliminary analysis has revealed a statistically significant improvement in children s attitude and empathy towards animals over the course of the year when compared to a control group. Full technical and evaluation reports of the study are currently being prepared, and similar research is also underway in Morocco children s education highlights In Kenya, SPANA is working with the African Network for Animal Welfare to deliver animal welfare courses in 12 schools around Nairobi. Once the pilot project has been completed and evaluated we hope to extend the programme first across Kenya and then into other African countries. SPANA operated mobile exhibition units in Syria and Tunisia, taking our work into rural communities. The units feature interactive displays promoting animal welfare messages, and are popular with children and teachers alike. Despite the uprisings in both countries, the units remained on the road. A third unit, to be based in Morocco, is currently being developed. SPANA continues to find effective ways to get its animal welfare message to as many children as possible, and teacher training is an increasingly important element of our programme. During 2012, SPANA trained teachers from Ethiopia, Tunisia, Morocco and Mali. Closer to home, the education team launched a new programme to promote SPANA and its work to UK schoolchildren. Lesson packs covering national curriculum learning objectives have been produced for geography and PSHE classes. Each pack, which can be downloaded from the SPANA website, includes a detailed lesson plan, worksheets, photo packs, videos and PowerPoint presentations. Photo Telegraph Media Group / Dylan Thomas 10 Annual Review 2013

11 Case file: When 12-year-old Abdelhak spotted a sick donkey foal abandoned at his local souk in Morocco, he knew exactly what to do: Abdelhak had recently visited the nearby SPANA centre as part of our education programme. He carefully put the foal, which he named Mensi (meaning forgotten ), into his cart and pulled him two kilometres to the SPANA centre. There vets were able to diagnose a severe digestive problem and operated immediately. Mensi recovered and now lives with Abdelhak. Abdelhak said: I knew there were people that take care of working animals from visiting SPANA with my old school. Thank you for helping Mensi and me. I hope that once my donkey is grown, he will be a great help to support my family and one day my brothers will be able to go back to school. Just one working animal can be responsible for putting food on the table for an extended family of up to 30 people. (Sprayson, 2006) Abdelhak with Mensi, outside SPANA s Chemaia centre. Annual Review

12 Outreach & emergency Across the world, drought, disaster and conflict disproportionately impact the very poorest people living in the most marginalised communities. And so it s hardly surprising that working animals are often the forgotten victims of war, civil unrest and climatic shocks. SPANA s emergency programme gets help to animals wherever and whenever we re needed. We do this because of our commitment to animal welfare and also because the best way to help impoverished communities is often by caring for their animals. Across so much of the world, animals are vital for transport, water and an income. If these are lost, families who already lead a precarious existence can quickly find themselves struggling for survival. Alongside our emergency activities, SPANA also operates an outreach programme, which partners with NGOs and community organisations across the world to get help as and when it s needed. By providing small grants to trusted organisations, we believe we can have the most impact, delivering both short-term help and long-term solutions. Botswana In Maun, Botswana, donkeys roaming on roads after dark are a major cause of road traffic accidents, resulting in terrible injuries to both animals and motorists. In a partnership with the Maun Animal Welfare Society (MAWS), SPANA funded a project to attach reflective ear tags to 500 donkeys from four villages in the region in the hope of reducing road traffic injuries and fatalities. A survey of traffic accidents involving donkeys with and without ear tags will evaluate the impact of the scheme. If the pilot project is successful MAWS hopes to sell tags to donkey owners at a small cost and run the scheme as a community enterprise. MAWS is delighted to have received funding from SPANA for this pilot project. In this region the donkey to human ratio is 1:2 but we have never had the necessary equipment or funding to undertake large animal welfare work. Thank you SPANA. Ally Lamb, Chair, Maun Animal Welfare Society Photo MAWS 12 Annual Review 2013

13 Burkina Faso Launched in 2012, this new partnership with the Association for the Promotion of Local Initiatives for Development (APPILD) aimed to improve animal welfare in the Loumbila region by training a network of community-based animal health workers. One animal health worker from each of 30 villages was selected for training by a senior animal technician from the government, with a focus on husbandry, health and correct harnessing for working animals. Once trained, the new workers delivered a series of animal education workshops in their villages, while veterinary products were supplied to treat 6,200 animals across the region. Zambia SPANA is working with a local co-operative in Zambia to improve the health of working animals through veterinary treatment and owner education programmes during this one year programme. The co-operative is leading on an ambitious project to vaccinate working oxen against a range of infectious diseases. Veterinary services have also been provided to 15,000 oxen and 900 donkeys via a mobile clinic, which visits five rural camps. Owner education is also an important component of the project. Fifteen community livestock workers have been trained so far, and all farmers in the target area will be invited to monthly village meetings to discuss livestock issues. The co-operative intends to promote sustainable behaviour and attitude changes through these educational interventions. An estimated 50 per cent of the world s population depends on animals as its main source of power. (Wilson, 2003) Refugees and their animals at the Mbera refugee camp, Mauritania. Annual Review

14 Investing in the future SPANA has always worked hard to spend as much of our resources as possible on charitable activities, and so in recent years we ve ensured around 80p in the pound has been spent directly on our work overseas. That s a figure that compares favourably with many similar charities. SPANA supporters are both generous and extraordinarily loyal. Yet with an estimated one hundred million working equines alone, we recognise the urgent need to grow, to operate in new countries and to help those sick and injured animals that are beyond our reach. The only way we can achieve this is by recruiting new donors. Photo ibrodiefoto I ve supported SPANA since 1982 and I m delighted to see how the work has expanded. SPANA now has centres across so many countries, helping more animals than ever and, of course, the poor people who depend on them. My husband and I visited the Marrakech centre in 1990 and were deeply moved. We are 100 per cent confident that SPANA spends donations wisely, and we really appreciate how approachable and compassionate not to mention brave the staff are. SPANA has been a very important part of our lives and we will continue to persuade others to join us in supporting this exceptional organisation. Since we have traditionally spent less than some organisations on promotion, awareness of our work is comparatively low. So we are currently engaged in a major programme to reach new people, using mailings, advertisements and online communications. In the past 12 months, we have recruited thousands of new donors, whose generous donations will fund our ambitious plans to grow our charitable work. The additional investment in growing our supporter base has been funded entirely from our financial reserves, which means funding for our overseas programmes has not been affected. The project is already approaching its conclusion, and the amount spent on marketing activities will drop once again in 2014 until then the percentage spent on fundraising and communications will be a little higher than usual in our accounts. The benefits of our growing supporter base are already apparent. Thanks to the generous support of these new donors, and our many loyal existing donors, we expect to be able to announce programmes in new countries soon. Diana Lord, SPANA supporter Photo Anna Fawcus Working equines, particularly donkeys, play a significant role in empowering women in many developing nations. (Fernando & Starkey, 2004) 14 Annual Review 2013

15 One of the reasons I ve always believed in SPANA is because it s so much more than an animal charity. Animal welfare is at the heart of everything it does, but there s also the understanding that working animals are a lifeline for many people in this world. Animals help the poorest families to feed and educate their children. SPANA s veterinary teams are second to none, working in hostile conditions to get help to poor people and their desperately sick or injured donkeys, horses or camels. Peter Muffett, SPANA supporter and donkey costume London Marathon runner (pictured below) In the developing world, donkeys are the most important source of agricultural energy and transport for resource-poor communities in both the urban and rural areas. (Biffa & Woldemeskel, 2006; Swann, 2006) Peter Muffett in a SPANA donkey costume at the London Marathon. Annual Review

16 Summarised financial statements Report by the trustees on the summarised financial statements Income and expenditure The summarised financial statements are extracted from the full statutory trustees annual report and financial statements of The Society for the Protection of Animals Abroad which were approved by the trustees and signed on their behalf on 13 March The full financial statements, on which the auditors Crowe Clark Whitehill LLP gave an unqualified audit report on 20 March 2013 will be submitted to the Charity Commission and to the Registrar of Companies on 17 May % 39% 4% 2% 1% Incoming resources 4,434,441 Donations 54% Legacies 39% Investment income 4% Trusts 2% Trading income 1% The auditors have confirmed to the trustees that, in their opinion, the summarised financial statements are consistent with the full financial statements for the year ended 31 December These summarised financial statements may not contain sufficient information to gain a complete understanding of the financial affairs of the charity. The full statutory trustees report, financial statements and auditor s report may be obtained from the registered office. Signed on behalf of the trustees. Sir Roger Gale MP, Chairman, 15 April % 1% 26% 19% 13% Expenditure 6,082,893 Treatment of animals 41% Ongoing cost of generating funds 26% Education 19% Strategic cost of generating funds taken from reserves 13% Governance 1% 16 Annual Review 2013

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