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Summer 2016-17 | horticulture.com.au/grower-focus/cherry
Complex landscapes
Plus information
about host
distribution
in case
study areas
Location
Seasonality
Fruit density
Egg carrying capacity
Developmental success
Oviposition likelihood
Patch hostility
Number of eggs laid (per day)
Development time
Daily adult mortality
Dispersal
Used for scenario-
based modelling
Used for sensitivity
analysis and model
parameterisation
Commodity parameters
Fly parameters
Mapping fruit fly host distribution
Key
Citrus
Stonefruit
Grapes
Urban
Pasture
12 QUEENSLAND FRUIT FLY
We need to know things such as:
Where do flies come from in spring?
How likely is it that I will be affected
if my neighbour has flies?
When and where do I tackle them?
The biophysical research component
within the Adaptive Area Wide
Management (AAWM) Qfly project aims to
address these questions and to investigate
their importance for successful area-wide
management. Katharina Merkel of the
Queensland University of Technology and
Florian Schwarzmueller of CSIRO
are looking at important ecological
parameters such as movement triggers,
distances covered and overwintering
strategies and their importance for Qfly
population dynamics.
Models are being developed to take
into account existing knowledge about
the Qfly and its life cycle, the parameters
of fly movement, as well as the spatial
distribution of hosts in the landscape.
BY PENNY MEASHAM
C
herries are one of the first
crops to be harvested in a
region, meaning they are
often off the tree before
Queensland fruit
fly numbers build up. Phew! But that
does not mean you can forget about
the flies – fruit fly management needs to
consider fly movement and behaviour for
the entire year, pre-harvest and post-
harvest.
Any fruit left on trees after harvest
creates a risk as it can still attract flies,
or allow maggots to develop, which can
increase the Qfly population going into
winter. Hygiene is a critical tool in fruit fly
management; it is important to get fruit
off the trees. In susceptible perennial
crops, a small number of fruit left on
trees has the potential to significantly
increase fly populations.
Other late-season and post-harvest
treatments will help reduce fly numbers
on your own orchard in the current season,
but remember that flies can move. The
local fly population might still build up over
the remaining warmer months if there are
nearby places or orchards to breed or
overwinter. Are there other fruit orchards
nearby? Or backyard fruit trees? If fly
populations can build up in other areas
then they can re-enter your orchard the
next spring.
Dispersal and movement of flies over
large distances is rare; smaller-scale
movement across adjoining properties
is more likely. This is where area-wide
management has an advantage – all
habitats being managed within an area.
Knowing the drivers for fruit fly movement,
the population dynamics on a local
scale and the appropriate management
strategies to get the ‘biggest bang for your
buck’ will help inform this approach.
Following Qfly movement:
WHERE ARE THEY?