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Platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) improves survival in surgically resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (pts). However, cisplatin and vinorelbine (PV), the most studied regimen, is often associated with increased rates of grade 3-4 toxicities. We aimed to study the efficacy and safety of adjuvant CT in NSCLC pts in a real-world scenario.

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Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of NSCLC pts treated with surgery with curative intent between 2009 and 2018 in an academic cancer center. After surgery, pts were accessed to receive adjuvant CT, based on physicians’ discretion. Electronic records were reviewed and data were collected for pts and tumor characteristics, treatments, outcomes (overall survival [OS] and disease-free survival [DFS]), and toxicities. OS and DFS were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and curves were compared by log-rank. Prognostic factors were evaluated using Cox regression.

Our study supports both the OS and DFS benefits of NSCLC adjuvant CT in the real world scenario. However, PV was associated with alarming rates of treatment-related toxicities and deaths, suggesting that new adjuvant avenues are warranted.

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