I am looking for a table or resource of any kind that can break down properties for me for different devices such as Steam Turbines, Pumps, Nozzles, Diffusers, Throttle, Condenser, Heat Exchanger, etc.

Are you looking for properties of the 'devices'? Or of the substances that will be used in the devices? Enthalpy and entropy are properties of substances and not devices as far as I know. But, maybe I am mistaken.

What you want is to learn chemical process engineering in 1 simple step. I'm afraid that it's not all that simple...

(Almost) all of these devices have "ideal situation" equations... but those almost all again depend on the mode of operation (are you having a gas, liquid?... is it boiling?... is it turbulent?... any solids present (in suspension) perhaps?)

Power of a (liquid) pump: P = g*flow*dh
Power of a gas pump is different... and I'm not in the mood to explain. Anyway, it's not even called a pump... it's a compressor.
The efficiency of the pump (and of the engine powering it) is indeed something that you must ask a manufacturer.

It would really help a lot if you are a lot more specific, so we can focus on just one case and explain that. Now you are asking us to explain you all there is. And all I could do is refer to something massive as "Perry's Handbook". It is definitely "a table or resource", but in fact, it's well over 3000 pages of it... :tongue2: