Abcam’s Kininogen (KNG) Human in vitro competitive ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kit is designed for the quantitative measurement of Kininogen in plasma and serum samples.

A Kininogen specific antibody has been precoated onto 96-well plates and blocked. Standards or test samples are added to the wells and subsequently biotinylated Kininogen is added and then followed by washing with wash buffer. Streptavidin-Peroxidase Complex is added and unbound conjugates are washed away with wash buffer. TMB is then used to visualize Streptavidin-Peroxidase enzymatic reaction. TMB is catalyzed by Streptavidin-Peroxidase to produce a blue color product that changes into yellow after adding acidic stop solution. The density of yellow coloration is inversely proportional to the amount of Kininogen captured in plate.

Function(1) Kininogens are inhibitors of thiol proteases; (2) HMW-kininogen plays an important role in blood coagulation by helping to position optimally prekallikrein and factor XI next to factor XII; (3) HMW-kininogen inhibits the thrombin- and plasmin-induced aggregation of thrombocytes; (4) the active peptide bradykinin that is released from HMW-kininogen shows a variety of physiological effects: (4A) influence in smooth muscle contraction, (4B) induction of hypotension, (4C) natriuresis and diuresis, (4D) decrease in blood glucose level, (4E) it is a mediator of inflammation and causes (4E1) increase in vascular permeability, (4E2) stimulation of nociceptors (4E3) release of other mediators of inflammation (e.g. prostaglandins), (4F) it has a cardioprotective effect (directly via bradykinin action, indirectly via endothelium-derived relaxing factor action); (5) LMW-kininogen inhibits the aggregation of thrombocytes; (6) LMW-kininogen is in contrast to HMW-kininogen not involved in blood clotting.

Tissue specificitySecreted in plasma. T-kinin is detected in malignant ovarian, colon and breast carcinomas, but not in benign tumors.

Involvement in diseaseDefects in KNG1 are the cause of high molecular weight kininogen deficiency (HMWK deficiency) [MIM:228960]. HMWK deficiency is an autosomal recessive coagulation defect. Patients with HWMK deficiency do not have a hemorrhagic tendency, but they exhibit abnormal surface-mediated activation of fibrinolysis.

Sequence similaritiesContains 3 cystatin domains.

Post-translationalmodificationsBradykinin is released from kininogen by plasma kallikrein.Hydroxylation of Pro-383 occurs prior to the release of bradykinin.Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracelllular medium.N- and O-glycosylated. O-glycosylated with core 1 or possibly core 8 glycans.

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Kate is currently away from the office but I will try to help as best I can with your enquiry. Firstly I am sorry for the delay in getting back to you. If the lot number of the kit your customer has been using is...