Next Horizons: ADCs Beyond Oncology

Abstract

Most ADCs developed thus far have been explored for oncology indications. Emerging ADC technologies present many opportunities to apply the modality beyond oncology. The key variables for oncology ADCs in terms of the targeted cell type, targeting strategy, and payload are often clearer while the corresponding elements for non-oncology indications are more complex. Challenges in designing such non-oncology ADCs include selecting the targeting cell type(s) from among potentially several contributing to the disease, a distinct surface marker expressed on the targeting cells, which often overlaps healthy cells, and a potent, non-cytotoxic payload drug. So far, only a few ADCs were designed for non-oncology indications, with none yet successfully progressing through clinical trials. Here, we summarize those that have been reported. In addition, we discuss some considerations to be taken into account for designing ADCs for non-oncology indications, including payload and antibody selection. With the evolution of ADC platform and technology, more ADCs for non-oncology indications are yet to be developed.