The early habitat use of age 0 year brook charr Salvelinus fontinalis in three north temperate lakes which differ in terms of shoreline physical habitat is described. In the two lakes, which contained abundant shoreline ...

The earliest event in bacterial cell division is the assembly of a tubulin-like protein, FtsZ, at mid-cell to form a ring. In rod-shaped bacteria, the Min system plays an important role in division site placement by ...

Predators play an important role in structuring assemblages through direct and cascading indirect effects. While there has been recent interest in how the strength and direction of trophic cascades vary spatially, seasonal ...

Seasonally dry tropical ecosystems occur in the Americas, Africa, India and Australia. They sustain large human populations, determine regional climate, are sites of biological and cultural conservation, and have significant ...

Climate change is predicted to increase both drought frequency and duration, and when coupled with substantial warming, will establish a new hydroclimatological model for many regions. Large-scale, warm droughts have ...

In diseases such as asthma, airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells play a synthetic role by secreting inflammatory mediators such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-6, or IL-8 and by expressing ...

In vitro shoot proliferation from stem disc of Allium chinense, a vegetatively propagated plant, was investigated in this experiment. In the present study, shoots were formed directly on stem discs on a medium containing ...

Development of the capacity to produce hydrogen economically from renewable energy resources is of critical importance to the future viability of that fuel. The inexpensive and widely available green alga Chlamydomonas ...

In China, changes in the timing of plant phenological phases are influenced greatly by monsoonal climate fluctuations, and also vary with species and region. Observations of phenological phases of trees were conducted in ...

Clove oil solution (10% clove oil, 90% ethanol) is an anaesthetic that is widely used to catch demersal fish on coral reefs. This study assessed the effects of clove oil solution on colonies of Pocillopora damicornis, a ...

Rising atmospheric concentrations of CO2 (Ca) can reduce stomatal conductance and transpiration rate in trees, but the magnitude of this effect varies considerably among experiments. The theory of optimal stomatal behaviour ...