Ask the Experts

Garden City Hospital is here to help. Now you can browse, search and view answers to frequently asked health questions. Have a personal health question you need answered? We can do that too! Simply submit your question and we will get it to the appropriate GCH health expert for an answer.

Ask the Experts is for general information purposes only. It should never be thought of as medical advice or treatment, nor should it be used in place of a thorough medical screening or an exam by a licensed medical professional. Medical advice should be sought from an emergency room, urgent care center, or licensed medical professional. If you need help finding a physician, use our online physician directory to locate a Garden City Hospital Health Expert that’s right for you.

Check the Sunday issue or your local O&E for more answers from the GCH Health Experts.

Note: Questions are selected both randomly and based on relevance or frequency. Not all submitted questions will be answered. Answers will be posted on GCH.org and not supplied directly to the submitter. To maintain personal privacy, we do not require any personal information be given to submit questions.

Q

When I was young “The Easter Bunny” always left me a basket filled with jellybeans and various chocolate treats. It was a time for sugar overload in our house. We never had a problem with, or heard about, childhood obesity and diabetes. These are concerns I don’t want to worry about with my children. On one hand, I want them to experience childhood joys as I did, but I also want to keep them healthy. Do you have any suggestions or guidelines to help us stay balanced?

A

You bring up a great point about the rise in obesity and diabetes, but I would point out this is not exclusively a childhood problem. These two health concerns are affecting every age a... read more

You bring up a great point about the rise in obesity and diabetes, but I would point out this is not exclusively a childhood problem. These two health concerns are affecting every age and are especially prevalent in our area. There are a number of factors contributing to the rapid gain in overall weight and declining health of society. A diet laden with sweets is one, and lack of activity and consumption of processed and fast foods rank high on the list as well. But in the spirit of Easter, let’s focus on the sugar. As you fill this year’s baskets, consider adding activities, puzzles or games that will engage your child’s mind or get them playing outside. Work in some nutritious treats as well. Carrots and colored boiled eggs are great snacks from the Easter Bunny!

Here are some nutritional facts for some classic Easter favorites:

1 Cadbury Creme Egg-150 Calories

5 Peeps-160 Calories

1/4 Cup of Jelly Beans-150 Calories

1 3/4 oz. Medium Hollow Chocolate Bunny-260 Calories

1 Reese’s Peanut Butter Egg-180 Calories

2 Deviled Eggs-130 Calories

Let’s assume you eat two Cadbury Crème Eggs and a half a cup of jelly beans in a day. You will have eaten approximately 600 calories solely on the desire to satisfy your sweet tooth. This is not by any stretch of the imagination out of the ordinary, and something most parents will do while “inspecting” their child’s basket. I suggest getting out and enjoying some fresh spring air as a family – consider cycling or a brisk walk to burn off those calories and as you said “stay balanced”.

Q

We recently moved to a new home in a more rural area. There is plenty of room for my kids and dog to play and run around outdoors, but I am concerned about poison ivy and other plants that may be harmful. What should I look out for?

A

While poison ivy, oak, and sumac grow primarily in wooded or marshy areas throughout Michigan, it’s not uncommon to find them in the suburbs or cities. These plants are not actually poi... read more

While poison ivy, oak, and sumac grow primarily in wooded or marshy areas throughout Michigan, it’s not uncommon to find them in the suburbs or cities. These plants are not actually poisonous, but contain a long-lasting oil called urushiol that causes an itchy, blistering rash after it makes contact with skin.

A rash from poison ivy, oak, or sumac looks like patches or streaks of red, raised blisters, which won’t spread unless the urushiol is still making contact on the skin. To avoid contact, keep your skin covered by wearing a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, gloves, and closed shoes if you’re in an area where these plants may be lurking. You can also use a lotion containing bentoquatam, which acts as a barrier between urushiol and your skin.

Urushiol begins to stick to your skin within minutes of contact. If you know you have had contact with poison ivy, oak, or sumac, immediately wash the area with lukewarm water and soap. If water is unavailable, rubbing alcohol or alcohol wipes can remove urushiol. Keep the affected area cool, dry, and clean.

If someone in your household has poison ivy, oak, or sumac, you can’t “catch” it from them, even if you have contact with the blisters. Only direct contact with urushiol causes the rash. Conversely, pets can carry urushiol on their fur and transmit the oil to humans. Make sure to give pets that have come into contact with urushiol a bath. Wear gloves to minimize exposure.

Contact your doctor if the rash develops close to your eyes or is widespread over your body. If needed, oral medications can be prescribed to help with swelling and itching. Go to the ER if you experience nausea, fever, shortness of breath, extreme soreness at the rash site, or swollen lymph nodes.

Never burn poison ivy, oak, or sumac. The smoke can be extremely dangerous, often resulting in hospitalization, and can irritate the eyes, nose, and respiratory tract. Instead, dress appropriately and dig out the plants, getting as much of the root as possible. Put the plants in a plastic trash bag and dispose of them. Be careful, urushiol remains active even on dead plants.

Q

My children are active and in good health, but don’t participate in organized sports. Should I be taking them for a yearly “back-to-school” physical even if they are not playing a sport?

A

All children, whether actively participating in a sports program or not, should be seen by their doctor at the start of each new school year. Often the only visit most children have with thei... read more

All children, whether actively participating in a sports program or not, should be seen by their doctor at the start of each new school year. Often the only visit most children have with their doctor every year, an annual back-to-school physical exam provides a long-term history of the child’s progress and development over time. This helps your pediatrician or family physician detect emerging problems, and log important medical details of past illnesses or injuries.

In addition to a regular physical, children involved in athletics require an in depth, pre-participation physical exam. This exam, although more limited than a regular physical, helps determine whether it’s safe for a child to participate in a particular sport. During a pre-participation exam, the doctor can identify health problems that might interfere with participation in a sport, and will educate patients on preventing overuse and overtraining injuries.

As a nation, our children are in the midst of an epidemic health crisis. Childhood obesity and diabetes are at all-time highs, while financing for school athletics and physical education continue to be cut. As doctors, we are paying more attention to obesity-related issues, and in addition to monitoring heart and blood pressure, pediatricians/family practice physicians use these annual visits to discuss diet and exercise options. We talk with the child and parents about safe approaches to transitioning from little or no exercise to a sound, achievable exercise program. Establishing a strong patient/doctor relationship early in a child’s life creates a “go to” resource for important health information.

Whatever the child’s interest — sports, academics, the arts — we want to be sure their interest is a healthy one, and it’s balanced with the other aspects of the child’s life. A healthy childhood and adolescence calls for balancing home life, school, social activities, sports, and extracurricular pursuits. This is not easy, especially when the child is passing through the years of growth, learning, and emotional and physical development. This is all the more reason to set aside one day during each of those years for your child to see their doctor.

Q

As a first time parent of a seven month old boy, I have read numerous books and articles about babies requiring at least 12 to 14 hours of sleep a day. I’m concerned because my little guy fights going to sleep. Between two naps and his sleep at night, he’s only getting around 11 hours of sleep each day. What can I do?

A

First, it’s important to know you are not alone. Sleep, or lack of it, is probably the most-discussed aspect of child care. Secondly, everyone requires different amounts of sleep. Below... read more

First, it’s important to know you are not alone. Sleep, or lack of it, is probably the most-discussed aspect of child care. Secondly, everyone requires different amounts of sleep. Below are the recommended hours of sleep (including naps) for children up to 12 years of age:

0 to 2 months needs 10.5 to 18 hours of sleep

2 to 12 months needs 14 to 15 hours of sleep

1 to 3 years needs 12 to 14 hours of sleep

3 to 5 years needs 11 to 13 hours of sleep

5 to 12 years needs 10 to 11 hours of sleep

Children need to develop a routine for good sleeping habits. Make sure you’re putting him down for naps and bed at the same time every night. Try keeping the sleeping environment the same. If noise is an issue, try using a white noise device. Avoid over stimulation prior to bedtime. Television and loud music can make it difficult for children to get ready to sleep.

Finally, pay attention to your child and put them to sleep when they are tired. When a baby gets over tired, it may become harder for them to fall asleep. This can result in him waking up sooner, creating a vicious cycle of restlessness.

Q

My 7 and 9 year old are living proof that no two children are alike. They are both great kids, but I worry my 7 year old is becoming an insomniac. Can children have sleep disorders?

A

The simple answer is yes! Children are every bit as susceptible to sleep problems as adults, with almost 70% of children under the age of 10 experiencing some type of sleep issue. Children ca... read more

The simple answer is yes! Children are every bit as susceptible to sleep problems as adults, with almost 70% of children under the age of 10 experiencing some type of sleep issue. Children can suffer everything from insomnia, restless leg syndrome, and sleepwalking to sleep talking, night terrors and even, sleep apnea. I would suggest you speak to your family doctor or pediatrician if your child is suffering from any of these concerns. Also consider seeking a sleep medicine physician, as we specialize in nothing but treating sleep issues. The most important thing is to identify the problem and take steps to correct it, so your child can get the sleep they need.

Q

Do immunizations cause autism?

A

Numerous studies have found no link between vaccines and autism. Likewise, a groundbreaking report from the Institute of Medicine found that thimerosal, an organic mercury compound used as a ... read more

Numerous studies have found no link between vaccines and autism. Likewise, a groundbreaking report from the Institute of Medicine found that thimerosal, an organic mercury compound used as a preservative in vaccines since the 1930s, does not cause autism. Still, some parents have opted not to have their children immunized, putting them at great risk of contracting deadly diseases.

The Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine, especially, has come under fire despite many scientific reports indicating that there’s no clear evidence linking the vaccine to autism. In fact, in 2004 a long-disputed 1998 study that suggested a possible link between autism and the MMR vaccine was retracted and rejected by all major health organizations, including the American Academy of Pediatrics, the National Institutes of Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the World Health Organization.

Q

My husband and I both work, and always try to pack lunches that are good for our children, but sometimes there’s just not enough time. I feel they prefer us to give them money to buy lunch, which causes me to worry they’re only eating junk food. How can I do a better job of ensuring they will eat well?

A

Buying lunch at school may be the first time kids get to call the shots about which foods they’ll eat. Luckily, school lunches have improved over the years, both in taste and nutrition,... read more

Buying lunch at school may be the first time kids get to call the shots about which foods they’ll eat. Luckily, school lunches have improved over the years, both in taste and nutrition, with many serving healthier dishes such as grilled chicken sandwiches and salads. However, the typical school cafeteria still offers a mix of less nutritious options often available a la carte or in the vending machine. Use school lunches as a chance to steer your children toward good choices. Explain how a nutritious lunch will give them energy to finish the rest of the school day and enjoy afterschool activities.

There really is no substitute for fresh meals made at home. Try preparing some items in advance when you have more time. Instead of sandwiches everyday, homemade stew, soup and chili can be frozen in single serving containers and provide a warm hearty meal that anchors a lunch. I place the emphasis on homemade because pre-packaged lunches are loaded with fat and sodium, and you can often make your own for less money. Use microwavable, paraben-free containers, and move those items from the freezer to the refrigerator the night before. Most school cafeterias have microwave ovens for warming and reheating.

I cannot stress enough how important good nutrition is for a developing child. Try to get in the routine of “creating” good lunches. Involve your children and explain why you’re giving them certain combinations of foods. Also, let them make decisions between several choices. These are great teachable moments for the whole family.

Remember, children are always learning and not just about math or science. They are learning about life and developing lifestyle behaviors that will follow them the rest of their lives. Now is the time to help them develop proper eating habits and fully appreciate the benefits of a balanced and healthy diet. The specific nutritional choices you and your youngster make are crucial.

Q

What are some of the common hidden dangers of the holiday season and what can I do to keep my children and family safe?

A

Filled with family gatherings, special traditions and delicious treats, the holidays are a wonderful time of the year, especially for kids. Unfortunately, for emergency room physicians it&rsq... read more

Filled with family gatherings, special traditions and delicious treats, the holidays are a wonderful time of the year, especially for kids. Unfortunately, for emergency room physicians it’s also one of the busiest. Below are a few important tips to help protect your little ones from some common holiday dangers.

CHRISTMAS TREES - Look for a “Fire Resistant” label when selecting an artificial tree, and pick the freshest possible tree when choosing a real one. Properly set and frequently fill the stand with water on real trees. A dry tree is a fire hazard.

LIGHTS - Check all tree lights before hanging them on your tree, even if you’ve just purchased them. Make sure all the bulbs work and there are no frayed wires, broken sockets or loose connections. Before using lights outdoors, check labels to be sure they have been certified for outdoor use. Plug all outdoor electrics into ground fault interrupters. Turn off all lights when going to bed or leaving the house.

DECORATIONS - In homes with small children, take special care to avoid decorations which are sharp or breakable. Keep trimmings with small removable parts out of the reach of children to prevent pieces from being swallowed or inhaled. Avoid trimmings that resemble candy or food that may tempt a young child to eat them.

FIREPLACES - Remove all wrapping papers, bags, ribbons and bows from tree and fireplace areas after gifts are opened. These items are flammable and pose suffocation and choking hazards to small children. Before lighting a fire, remove anything flammable from the fireplace area and make sure the flue is open.

TOYS - Before buying a toy or allowing your child to play with a toy received as a gift, read the instructions carefully. Select toys to suit the age, abilities, skills and interest level of the intended child. Toys too advanced may pose safety or choking hazards for younger children. Be aware of “Button Batteries” and magnets found in toys, greeting cards and holiday novelties. If swallowed, they can create serious stomach problems and even death.

VISITS - The homes you visit may not be childproofed. Keep an eye out for danger spots like unlocked cabinets, unattended purses, accessible cleaning or laundry products, stairways, or hot radiators. Remember to clean up right after a party; you don’t want a curious toddler coming in contact with alcohol or tobacco.

FOOD SAFETY & POISONING - Be sure to keep hot liquids and food away from the edges of counters and tables, where they can easily be knocked over. Wash your hands frequently, and make sure your children do the same. Mistletoe, holly, poinsettias, and other holiday plants are poisonous, and should be kept out of the reach of young children and pets.

BE PREPARED - Keep a list with all of the important phone numbers you need in case of an emergency. Include your pediatrician and the National Poison Help Line: 1.800.222.1222.

Q

Is caffeine safe for children?

A

Soft drinks are the American beverage of choice for adults and most children as well. Research indicates most kids consume more caffeine than recommended, but moderate amounts have not been p... read more

Soft drinks are the American beverage of choice for adults and most children as well. Research indicates most kids consume more caffeine than recommended, but moderate amounts have not been proven to produce any long-term health problems. Because of the concern about the immediate effects of caffeine, which are more pronounced in children, the American Academy of Pediatrics and physicians strongly discourage caffeine consumption for all children. And, since continued use of caffeine produces a tolerance to its effects, children who consume daily doses may find themselves needing more as they grow older to stave off withdrawal.