the first article is the actual reading — supplemental stuff follows that (from page 537 on)

about robert graham: Graham is also the author of many articles on the history of anarchist ideas and contemporary anarchist theory. He was an editor and contributor to the North American anarchist newsjournal, Open Road, for which he interviewed both Murray Bookchin and Noam Chomsky (the latter interview, “The Manufacture of Consent,” has been reprinted in Carlos Otero’s collection of Chomsky interviews, Language and Politics). Drawing on the work of the feminist political theorist, Carole Pateman, Graham has argued in favour of a conception of direct democracy based on the notion of self-assumed obligation, which emphasizes the right of minority dissent as opposed to simple majority rule. His view of anarchism is similar to anarchist communists, such as Peter Kropotkin, and communitarian anarchists, such as Colin Ward, advocating horizontal webs of ever-changing voluntary associations dealing with all aspects of social life.

Most recently, he has written a book on the origins of the anarchist movement from the debates and struggles within the International Workingmen’s Association (the so-called “First International”) during the 1860s and 1870s in Europe, entitled ‘We Do Not Fear Anarchy – We Invoke It’: The First International and the Origins of the Anarchist Movement,’ published by AK Press in July 2015. The quotation in the title is taken from Michael Bakunin, written around the time that he officially joined the International in 1868.