The 29-year-old was penalised for a foul and proceeded to wave his arms and shout insults at the referee's assistant Marcelo van Gasse, with whom he refused to shake hands at the final whistle.

It was not initially recorded in referee Sandro Ricci's report but was followed up by FIFA after video footage of Messi's insult emerged. Both the officials and the AFA were subsequently asked for their observations.

Messi has been fined 10,000 Swiss francs (£8,100) and will also miss World Cup qualifiers against Uruguay, Venezuela and Peru before returning for the final match against Ecuador.

"This decision reflects the consistent case law that the FIFA Disciplinary Committee has applied in previous and similar cases," a FIFA statement reads.

Four South American teams are guaranteed a place at the finals and a fifth can also progress by winning an intercontinental play-off tie against a team from Oceania.

Argentina currently sit third in the regional table but are only two points ahead of Chile, who are the first team out of the qualifying spots in sixth.

Messi is one of five players suspended for the visit to Bolivia after Nicolas Otamendi, Javier Mascherano, Lucas Biglia and Gonzalo Higuain picked up yellow cards against Chile.

More encouraging for Argentina, however, is the fact that Bolivia have lost 10 of their 13 qualifiers so far despite their well-documented altitude advantage at Estadio Hernando Siles, which is one of the highest stadiums in the world at 3,637 metres above sea level.