Here's what you need to know...

The rate of shoulder injuries rises with excessive reps, excessive machine use, and often bodybuilding-style programming.

Lower back injuries increase when flexing or extending the lower back under heavy loads. Keep the spine neutral.

Knee injuries are high when the knees don't track properly throughout the lifts. Keep the knees from collapsing inward if you want them to be healthy.

Upper back and neck injuries occur with poor posture. Fix a hunched over back to prevent cervical spine injuries.

Below I excerpted #3 - the knees. But if you want to read about any (and you should!) check out the original post on T-Nation here.

#3 Knee Injury

Most assume the knee is highly injurious. There is some truth to this joint being more vulnerable than others due to its anatomical properties and orientation relative to the ankle and hip complexes.

But there's more to the story.

First, the structure of the knee joint is very immobile by nature, as it is a hinge joint with only two true degrees of freedom, meaning it only moves into flexion and extension.

Less relative motion from the knee in combination with poor gross movement through joints that are supposed to be highly mobile – like the many synergistic joints of the ankle complex in addition to the ball and socket type hip joint – put undue stress over non-contractile tissues like ligaments and cartilage.

This kink in the kinetic chain is most notable for lifters in quad-dominant movements like squat and lunge variations.

While global instability of the knee joint may be a chicken-or-the-egg argument with the co-morbid factors like stiff and immobile joints above and below the level of the knee, many chronic natured injuries also become symptomatic over the front side of the knee at the patella.

Increased tone and tightness through the quads can increase compressional and shear forces through the kneecap, causing increased rates of patella-femoral friction and irritation.

Functionally shortened and stiff quads in combination with poor patellar movement is exacerbated with poor squat mechanics such as anteriorly drifting knees and valgus drop, and also in lunge-type movements when the knee joint is forced into terminal flexion.

If this sounds like a pretty big problem that most lifters need to address, it is. Pay attention, this simple cue below can clean up your movement and give those pissed-off knees just enough of a break to recover for good.

Prevent It

Pay attention to knee tracking. There are loads of different lower body movements that involve both the squat and lunge variations.

Though each movement is unique and has many important factors to execute crisp, clean reps, starting off with an appreciation for where your knee should be positioned relative to your foot can clean up even the most pitiful form pretty quickly.

When reaching the bottom position for both the squat and lunge, the patella should be tracking over the lateral aspect of the foot.

Some coaches teach these movements with the knee directly over the midline of the foot, but I have seen this cue fall apart in terms of mechanics of motion many times.

By targeting the midline of your kneecap to track directly over your pinkie toe, the glutes and hamstrings are able to be targeted with just enough torque and spiral tension loading that the unwanted valgus collapse and anterior knee translation is minimized almost automatically.