There is debate regarding the value of vaccinating adults with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13). This analysis was conducted to investigate the risk of PCV-13 serotype community acquired pneumonia (CAP) ...

BACKGROUND: Patients who start renal replacement therapy (RRT) for End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) without having had timely access to specialist renal services have poor outcomes. At one NHS Trust in England, a community-wide ...

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: This study was designed to determine whether providing an oral swab test in the community for blood borne virus testing leads to an increase in subsequent attendance for sexually transmitted infection ...

INTRODUCTION: Unintentional ingestion of a toothpick is not an uncommon event. Often the ingested toothpicks spontaneously pass through the gut without sequelae. However, serious complications can happen when these sharp ...

BACKGROUND: A minority of European countries have participated in international comparisons with high level data on lung cancer. However, the nature and extent of data collection across the continent is simply unknown, and ...

INTRODUCTION: An internal hernia is a protrusion of bowel through a normal or abnormal orifice in the peritoneum or mesentery. Although they are considered as a rare cause of intestinal obstruction, paraduodenal hernias ...

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalised patients and is associated with high mortality rates. However, the epidemiology of AKI in urology patients may differ due to a higher proportion of post-renal ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Current creatine-based criteria for defining acute kidney injury (AKI) are validated in general hospitalised patients but their application to cirrhotics (who are younger and have reduced muscle mass) ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common, harmful and of global concern. There is a need to understand the pathway of the management of AKI in order to identify potential areas where care can be improved, for ...

We present a case of high anion gap metabolic acidosis with an unusual aetiology in a 75-year-old lady with hypoglycaemia, encephalopathy and relatively preserved renal function. Full toxicology and biochemical analysis ...

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a disorder resulting in hypercalcaemia due to autonomous over secretion of parathyroid hormone. Mediastinal parathyroid adenoma is a rare disorder which can present with a widened ...

A 57-year-old man presented with features suggestive of a non-functioning pituitary tumour. He underwent trans-sphenoidal resection of the tumour which was found to be a chordoma and not a pituitary adenoma. This case ...

OBJECTIVES: To assess if smoking status at the time of commencing an anti-TNF-alpha agent for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) reduces the likelihood of achieving at least a moderate response on the European League Against ...