Pipeline

This book is written for engineers who work on pipelines, risers and piping. It summarizes the
author’s 18 years research and engineering experience at universities, classification societies
and design offices. It is intended to develop this book as a textbook for graduate students,
design guidelines for engineers and references for researchers. It is hoped that this book may
also be used for design of offshore structures as it mainly addresses applied mechanics and
desigdengineering. ...

This book given a good introduction to historical design methods used for constructing offshore pipelines, while the industry still was new.
Modern pipeline designers need to look elsewhere for information on up to data e.g. limit state design.

This document describes a study done for the U.S. Army Combined Arms Support Command (CASCOM) to assess future needs for temporary petroleum pipeline structure. At the time this work was begun, the Army was weighing further development of a new pipeline capability, the Rapidly Installed Fuel Transfer System (RIFTS),

Pipeline computation, in which a task is decomposed into several stages that are solved sequentially, is a common computational strategy in natural language processing. The key problem of this model is that it results in error accumulation and suffers from its inability to correct mistakes in previous stages. We develop a framework for decisions made via in pipeline models, which addresses these difﬁculties, and presents and evaluates it in the context of bottom up dependency parsing for English. We show improvements in the accuracy of the inferred trees relative to existing models. ...

This paper presents pipeline iteration, an approach that uses output from later stages of a pipeline to constrain earlier stages of the same pipeline. We demonstrate signiﬁcant improvements in a state-of-the-art PCFG parsing pipeline using base-phrase constraints, derived either from later stages of the parsing pipeline or from a ﬁnitestate shallow parser. The best performance is achieved by reranking the union of unconstrained parses and relatively heavilyconstrained parses.

Pipelined Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems have grown increasingly complex as architectural modules were added to support language functionalities such as referring expressions, lexical choice, and revision. This has given rise to discussions about the relative placement of these new modules in the overall architecture. Recent work on another aspect of multi-paragraph text, discourse markers, indicates it is time to consider where a discourse marker insertion algorithm ﬁts in.

This report presents a summary and assessment of design margins used in domestic and
international pipeline codes throughout the world. Potential changes to the design factors
contained in the U.S. pipeline regulations and codes have been recommended as a result of this
review. The recommendations allow an increase in the design pressure in many pipelines.

Every day countless kilometres of steel pipelines are installed
worldwide for the most varied civil and industrial uses.
They form real networks comparable to a system of road networks,
which, although not so obvious, are definitely much more intricate and
carry fluids that have become essential for us.
To comply with technical specifications and fulfil the necessary safety
requisites, special materials and welding processes which have
evolved with the sector have been developed in recent years.

PIPELINE PIGGING TECHNOLOGY- P1: Why pig a pipeline? This paper introduces a number of reasons for doing
so, together with a discussion of the advantages and alternatives. In general
terms, however, pigging is not an operation to be undertaken lightly. There
are often technical problems to be resolved and the operation requires careful
control and co-ordination.

API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed. API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations under local, state, or federal laws.

PIPELINE PIGGING TECHNOLOGY- P2: Why pig a pipeline? This paper introduces a number of reasons for doing
so, together with a discussion of the advantages and alternatives. In general
terms, however, pigging is not an operation to be undertaken lightly. There
are often technical problems to be resolved and the operation requires careful
control and co-ordination.

PIPELINE PIGGING TECHNOLOGY- P3: Why pig a pipeline? This paper introduces a number of reasons for doing
so, together with a discussion of the advantages and alternatives. In general
terms, however, pigging is not an operation to be undertaken lightly. There
are often technical problems to be resolved and the operation requires careful
control and co-ordination.

PIPELINE PIGGING TECHNOLOGY- P9: Why pig a pipeline? This paper introduces a number of reasons for doing
so, together with a discussion of the advantages and alternatives. In general
terms, however, pigging is not an operation to be undertaken lightly. There
are often technical problems to be resolved and the operation requires careful
control and co-ordination.

PIPELINE PIGGING TECHNOLOGY- P5: Why pig a pipeline? This paper introduces a number of reasons for doing
so, together with a discussion of the advantages and alternatives. In general
terms, however, pigging is not an operation to be undertaken lightly. There
are often technical problems to be resolved and the operation requires careful
control and co-ordination.

PIPELINE PIGGING TECHNOLOGY- P11: Why pig a pipeline? This paper introduces a number of reasons for doing
so, together with a discussion of the advantages and alternatives. In general
terms, however, pigging is not an operation to be undertaken lightly. There
are often technical problems to be resolved and the operation requires careful
control and co-ordination.

PIPELINE PIGGING TECHNOLOGY- P4: Why pig a pipeline? This paper introduces a number of reasons for doing
so, together with a discussion of the advantages and alternatives. In general
terms, however, pigging is not an operation to be undertaken lightly. There
are often technical problems to be resolved and the operation requires careful
control and co-ordination.