CORNELL _
UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY
GIFT OF
Chemistry Dept.
Cornell UniversHy Library
arV19026
1001 tests of foods beverages and toile
3 1924 031 247 798
olin.anx
DATE DUE
TV"i984
GAVkORD
l>IIIMT«DIHU.«.A.
The original of tliis book is in
tine Cornell University Library.
There are no known copyright restrictions in
the United States on the use of the text.
http://www.archive.org/details/cu31 924031 247798
"1001" Tests of Foods,
Beverages and Toilet Accessories
HARRIS S EVVINO
Dr. Wiley at Work
Tried in the balance and found }
REVISED EDITION
1001 Tests
of Foods, Beverages and Toilet
Accessories, Good and Otherwise
Why They Are So
By
Harvey W. Wiley, M.D.
Director, Bureau of Foods, Sanitation and Health,
Good Housekeeping Magazine
Arraneed by
Anne Lewis Pierce, M.S.
Formerlv Editor, Bureau of Chemistry,
U. 8. Dept. of Agriculture
Hearst's International Library Co.
New York : : 1916
OopyrigHt, 19iy 1913, by
Good Housekeepins Maeazine
Coprrieht, 1914, 1916, by
Hearst's International Library Co., Inc.
All rights reserved^ including the trans-
lation into foreign tanguageSf including
the Scandinavian.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The chemical and microscopical work lying
back of the first edition of this report was done
under Doctor Wiley's direction, in the Institute
of Industrial Eesearch, 19th and B Streets,
North West, Washington, D. C, of which Dr.
A. S. Cushman is Director. The detail of the
work was supervised by Mr. H. C. Puller, whose
assistance in reviewing the data is also acknowl-
edged.
The additional reports, listed in the Appendix,
represent for the most part products examined
in the Lederle Laboratories, New York City, in
accordance with Doctor Wiley's instructions, the
data so obtained being submitted for his inter-
pretation and the rating of the products. Dr.
J. A. Deghuee of the Lederle Laboratories has
supervised the chemical examinations.
Contents
PAGE
The Pure Food Battle — ^Looking Backward and
Forward, By H. W. Wiley ....... ix
Key to Method of Rating Products .... xxviii
Classified Lists of Tested Foods, Beverages and Cos-
metics, with Comments —
I Baking Powders, Yeasts, Etc. . . . ;. 1
II Beverages „ ;.. . 5
Chocolates and Cocoas 5
Coffee and Tea 10
Soft Drinks, Tonics and Medicated Bev-
erages 19
III Biscuits, Cakes, Etc 27
IV Candies 33
Y Canned Goods: (See also Fish and Meats) 41
Fruits (See also Dried Fruits) ... 45
Milk Products, Infant's Foods, Etc. . . 48
Soups, Extracts, Bouillon Cubes, Etc. . 61
Vegetables '. . . 66
yi Cereals and Cereal Products .... 72
Breakfast Foods 72
Flours, Meals and Brans 79
Bice 88
Spaghetti and Macaroni 91
VII Condiments 95
VIII Desserts 107
IX Extracts 113
X Fish (Canned, Dried, Etc.) . . . ... 122
CONTENTS
FAOB
XI Fruits (Dried) 126
XII Household Remedies and Disinfectants . 130
XIII Lard, Butters, and their Substitutes . . 145
XIV Meats (Canned, Dried, Etc.) , . . .149
XV Olive Oils, Etc 153
XVI Preserves, Pickles, Etc 157
XVII "Sugars and Saccharine Products . . . 163
XVIII Toilet' Articles
Cold Creams 173
Hair Tonics, Shampoos, Etc. .... 186
Miscellaneous Preparations .... 193
Per^mes ' ." . 198
iPowders 202
Soaps 209
Tooth Powders, Pastes, Etc 216
APPENDIX
I Baking Powders, Yeasts, Etc 225
II Beverages
Chocolates 226
Coffee and Tea 228
Soft Drinks, Tonics and Medicated Bev-
erages 231
III Biscuits, Cakes, Etc 233
IV Candies 235
V Canned Goods
Fruits 239
Milk Products, Infants' Foods, Etc. . 240
Soups, Extracts, Bouillon Cubes, Etc. . 242
Vegetables 243
CONTENTS
PAGE
VI Cereals and Cereal Products
Breakfast Foods 246
Flours, Meals and Brans 249
Spaghetti and Macaroni .... 253
VII Condiments 254
VIII Desserts 257
IX Extracts 262
X Fish (Canned, Dried, Etc.) . . . .264
XII Household Eemedies and Disinfectants . 267
XIII Lard, Cheeses, • Butter, and Their Substi-
tutes . •. 274
XIV Meats (Canned, Dried, Etc.) . , . .277
XV Olive -Oils, Etc. ^ 280
XVI Preserves, Pickles, Etc 281
XVII Sugars and SaccharineJProducts . . • 284
XVIII Toilet Articles
Cold Creams 286
Hair Tonics, Shampoos, Etc. . . . 291
Miscellaneous Preparations .... 294
Perfumes 297
Powders 299
Soaps 304
Tooth Powders, Pastes, Etc 307
Index 311
THE PURE FOOD BATTLE
LOOKING BACKWARD AND FORWARD
FOR a third of a century the fight for pure
food has been waged and the end is not yet.
No great question is ever settled until it is settled
right. The game is not over until one or the
other of the contestants is checkmated. Draws
do not count. During this third of a century it
has been my fortune to be in the thick of the fight,
at first as a private, then through the various
grades of leadership to colonel or even general of
the brigade, and now again in the ranks. This
battle has not, however, been a fight of a personal
character as some late historians assert. It was
and is a struggle for human rights as much as the
Revolution or the Civil War. A battle for the
privilege of going free of robbery and with a
guaranty of health. It has been, and is a fight
for the individual right against the vested interest,
of the man against the dollar. My first partici-
pation in the fray was a study of adulteration of
table syrups for the Indiana Board of Health in
1880 and my last (but I hope not final), is this
ix
X THE PURE FOOD BATTLE
book on tested foods, beverages, and cosmetics.
During those thirty-four years I do not believe
that any one caring to know has ever had to ask
which side I am on. From the very first look
into the awful conditions which so generally pre-
vailed, up to the present time, with a survey of
the intolerable evils that still exist, though happily
to a less extent, I have stood always for food
that is food.
The evils of adulteration are not many in kind
but they ramify into hundreds of channels. At
first there was no ethical standard of excellence
among manufacturers of food. If one man put
out a high grade product another could call a low
grade or adulterated article by the same name.
A representative of a great food distributing con-
cern who appeared before the Committee on In-
terstate and Foreign Commerce to protest against
the passage of the pending food bill, declared that
the food industry of the country rested on fraud
and deception. ' ' Make us leave preservatives and
coloring matters out of our food," he declared,
"and call our products by the right name and you
will bankrupt every food industry in the country."
And he was sincere about it too. Dr. Victor C.
Vaughan of the University of Michigan, now Presi-
dent of the American Medical Association, came
THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xi
to Washington and testified to the harmless-
ness of benzoate of soda in food and he was by
no means the only, although the most renowned,
professor who, in the interest of like ingredients,
journeyed to Washington for the same purpose.
Makers of so-called patent medicines sent a pow-
erful lobby to Washington to see to it that the
food and drug bill should never become a law. It
was commonly asserted that patent medicine in-
terests influenced the public press to such an ex-
tent that the bill would never pass as long
as it contained the sections relating to drug
products. The powerful rectifiers of liquors in
this country were a unit in opposing every step
in the passage of a law that would interfere with
making alleged old, mellow, intoxicating bever-
ages bearing the name of the genuine product,
out of alcohol and artificial flavors and colors.
Grocers and druggists sent delegations to protest
against the enactment of any measure that would
prevent the sale of adulterated and debased ar-
ticles or require full weight and measure. Every
man who used alum, coal tar dyes, salicylic acid,
burning sulphur fumes, benzoic acid, copper sul-
phate, saltpeter, saccharin, borax, or other non-
food ingredients in his products joined the solid
phalanx that struggled to prevent the passage of
xii THE PURE FOOD BATTLE
a law which would interfere with these despic-
able means of making money. Manufacturers
and dealers who would gladly have continued to
make pure and properly branded goods were
forced by unfair competition to practice the arts
of adulteration and misbranding.
As the public was led into the knowledge of
these abuses and the pressure began to be felt
looking to their correction, the enemies of pure
food began to cry * * muckraking, " " exaggeration, ' '
"publicity bureaus," "yellow journalism," etc.,
seeking to raise a cloud of dust which would hide
the real issue. A campaign of personal denun-
ciation and disparagement was inaugurated of a
magnitude that can only be appreciated by those
whose activities and principles were directed to-
ward the cleaning of the Augean stables of trade.
By the accident of my oflScial position, I had the
good fortune to be the target of a veritable fusil-
lade of poisoned arrows from every trade journal,
newspaper and magazine which the adulterating
interests could control. There was hardly a week
that some interested organization or mercenary
interest did not demand my removal from the pub-
lic service. Detectives were placed on my track
and every possible means employed to prejudice
my scientific standing and official integrity.
THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xiii
Fortunately the more bitter and venomous tlie
attacks the more rapidly the cause grew and
waxed strong. The Federated Women's Clubs,
the Patrons of Husbandry, the labor organizations
and the medical profession all joined enthusias-
tically the army fighting for pure food. Finally
the first part of the long battle came to a close.
The pure food army gained a complete victory.
On the 30th day of June, 1906, the President of the
United States signed the Act which forbade in-
terstate and foreign commerce in adulterated or
misbranded foods and drugs. Although the first
battle was won the war was not over. The de-
feated squadrons of the unethical and mercenary
interests were driven from the field but they were
not destroyed. What was their next move? To
pervert the purposes of the Act and to control its
execution. Under the provisions of the law the
Bureau of Chemistry of which I was Chief, was
charged with the analysis of all samples for the
purpose of determining whether they were adul-
terated or misbranded. The Bureau of Chemistry
was pledged to one very simple but most impor-
tant principle, namely: "When in doubt protect
the consumer." The interests pledged to adul-
teration and misbranding were not slow to learn
that they had nothing to hope from a Goverimient
xlv THE PURE FOOD BATTLE
Bureau animated by such an unheard of rule.
They immediately set about devising ways and
means to put the Bureau of Chemistry out of busi-
ness. They secured the appointment of another
body, the Board of Food and Drug Inspection,
charged, in direct contempt of the law, to decide
the question of what was or was not an adul-
teration or misbranding. The decisions of this il-
legal board were by executive order made binding
on the Bureau of Chemistry.
The appointment of this Board was hailed with
shouts of approval by every interest and every
individual who had opposed the enactment of the
law. They were not mistaken. In the most di-
rect and contemptuous manner this Board pro-
ceeded to do the kind of work which it was ap-
pointed to accomplish. But there were certain
difficulties ia the way. The Bureau of Chemistry
anticipating the probability of the passage of a
food law had carried on extensive experiments on
young men for a period of several years and had
demonstrated that certain bodies used to preserve
and color foods were injurious to health. These
experiments had shown that boric acid and borax,
salicylic acid and salicylates, sulphurous acid and
sulphites, benzoic acid and benzoates and sulphate
of copper were bodies seriously affecting health
THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xv
and therefore forbidden under the law to be placed
in food. These conclusions so inimical to the in-
terests of those who added them to foods and so
beneficial to the eaters of foods must be set aside.
How was this to be done ? There was no legal way
to accomplish it. The courts could not be de-
pended upon, in fact they were so unmindful of
the vested interests that they were in most cases
actually supporting the findings of the Bureau of
Chemistry. Therefore, resort was again had to
executive action. Without due regard to the pro-
visions of the law questions relating to the ef-
fect of certain of these preservatives on health
were referred to a Commission of Scientific Ex-
perts, established by executive order. Pending
the action of this Commission the adulterators
were permitted to poison the people of the country
ad libitum and the Bureau of Chemistry was di-
rected to bring no action against those who used
these poisonous products.
What followed? A hallelujah chorus from all
the cohorts of adulteration. It was a complete
triumph for the hosts of Satan in so far as offi-
cialdom was concerned. But not so with an out-
raged Public Opinion. The press and the people
and also many food manufacturers rallied in over-
whelming numbers to the support of the Bureau
xvi THE PURE FOOD BATTLE
of Chemistry, hindered and halted, Earely if
ever has there been seen in any country such an
overwhehning condemnation of oflScial acts.
Practically, however, the Janus doors of adul-
teration were wide open to such manufacturers as
chose to use them. To the credit of the American
business man it can be said that comparatively
few availed themselves of this official indulgence
to poison .and defraud.
How deadly these concessions to adulteration
have proved to the states that have attempted a
better execution of the law than that instituted
by the National Government, is vividly shown by
an article in the Monthly Bulletin of the Indiana
State Board of Health for December, 1913. The
title of the article is "Benzoate of Soda and Sul-
phites," and the quotation is as follows:
"After hearing little from these old friends for more
than a year, we are forced to admit that the lessons of
the past have not been sufficiently thorough to protect
our markets, for recent samples of cider have shown the
presence of benzoate of soda, and several samples of
grape juice have been foxmd to be bleached and pre-
served with sulphurous acid. Occasional samples of so-
called Maraschino cherries, tomato catsup and sweet
pickles collected from towns supplied from Cincinnati
and Chicago have also shown these preservatives.
THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xvii
"Two things are evident. "We can never relax our
vigilance in the protection of the food fsupply in the be-
lief that we have reached a pure food millenium, and
further, it is unwise to rely too firmly in the belief
that manufacturers shipping goods into the State are
careful to advise themselves as to our laws before they
take their orders or make shipments."
In about a year the Eemsen Board brought in
its first verdict over-ruling the Bureau of Chem-
istry on the benzoate matter, and by official pro-
mulgation the food manufacturers of this country
were promised complete immunity in the use of
benzoic acid and benzoate in any food and in any
quantity they might choose. There is a wide-
spread impression that the quantity permitted is
limited to one-tenth of one per cent. This is not
so. A food manufacturer may put a shovelful of
benzoate into any quantity of food he pleases and
he is promised perfect immunity in so doing. No
more outrageous and intolerable disregard of pub-
lic rights and morals was ever perpetrated by the
most vicious despotism described in the world's
history. After a few years more the Eemsen
Board rendered another decision supporting the
action of the Bureau of Chemistry in declaring
saccharin an unfit ingredient of human food, but
meanwhile during all these years the public was
xvlii THE PURE FOOD BATTLE
exposed to its free and unlimited use. Agaia a
short time ago the Eemsen Board rendered a ver-
dict supporting the contention originally made by
the Bureau of Chemistry, that sulphate of copper
is a poisonous body, and as such should not be
added to food. Thus again the people of this
country "were exposed to the dangers of eating
copper salts for five years, simply because adul-
terators demanded a review, hoping for a reversal
of the decision of the Bureau.
The other questions referred to the Eemsen
Board, namely, the effect of sulphurous acids and
sulphites and of alum on health, up to March of
1914, remain unanswered by the Eemsen Board,
or if answered the verdict is sealed in impene-
trable gloom in the Department of Agriculture.
Now for nearly seven years our people have been
exposed to serious injury by the presence of these
poisons in foods, under the high, though illegal,
interpretation of a law enacted to protect the
American people but turned by executive procla^
mation to the protection of adulterators !
This country has for so many years existed in
an atmosphere of the sacred rights of the dollar
that these concessions to Mammon have been
looked upon as the chief function of law and its
interpretation. This sentiment has been stiU more
THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xix
definitely crystallized by the decisions of the Su-
preme Court, which on the two occasions in which
the purpose of the law to protect the consumer
has been under advisement has ruled adversely to
his interests. The first of these decisions was in
the famous Johnson Cancer Case, in which the
Court ruled that the law against false statements
did not apply to the cure-all claims of the fake
remedy; and the second case, viz., that of the
United States vs. Bleached Flour, that poisons
may be added to food unless the proof of possible
injury to health is convincing.
During these long and unsavory years I tried
to the best of my ability to discharge faithfully the
difficult duties committed to me, in harmony with
the obligations of my solemn oath of office and in
the interest of the American people. In spite of
official disfavor which made my environment par-
ticularly hard and in spite of the bitter denuncia-
tion of a few journals (a mere fraction of the en-
tire press of the country) inspired by a question-
able zeal, I held on, hoping that some change might
come and that the spirit of service to the people
might again enter into the heart of our high rulers.
And what then? Colleagues preferred serious
charges against me without the shadow of a foun-
dation, my superior officers lent a ready ear, I
XX THE PURE FOOD BATTLE
was tried in a Star Chamber without my knowl-
edge and on ex parte evidence, convicted and sen-
tenced to be dismissed from the position that I
had held for nearly thirty years. This outrageous
proceeding attracted the attention of Congress.
A searching investigation of the charges against
me was made and I was unanimously exonerated.
Nevertheless, the men who had falsely and mali-
ciously accused me and manufactured the evidence
on which I was convicted were continued in office
and in favor. As a protest against this condition
of affairs I resigned as Chief of the Bureau of
Chemistry on March 15, 1912.
Within two weeks of that time on April 1, 1912,
I began my work for Good MouseTieeping with a
guarantee of academic freedom of expression and
an advisory supervision of the advertisements of
foods, remedies and cosmetics admitted to its col-
umns. No one who has not experienced what I
went through can conceive of the feeling of relief
which I then enjoyed. Coming out of a field in
which all the foremen had been my enemies I
entered a garden of activity in which all the head
men were my friends. In this favorable environ-
ment I have had tmrestricted opportunity to carry
on my battle for pure food, finding no enemy to
stab me in the back. In connection with this work
THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xxi
I have had the good fortune with the laboratory
facilities given me by Good Housekeeping to ex-
amine chemically more than a thousand samples
of common foods, beverages, cosmetics and con-
fections. I have also been permitted to criticise
the labels and advertisements by means of which
these products are offered to the consumer. In
the great battle for the right a determined and
methodical assault has been.made upon false and
misleading representation to the public. The fake
remedy, the inert appliance, the exaggerated vir-
tue, all are intended to mislead and deceive. Per-
fect candor and truth should characterize all
claims made for all merchandise. The public gaze
is already turned on these faults. The press is
already taking notice. The Associated Advertis-
ing Clubs of the country have undertaken a sys-
tematic campaign against these extravagant and
often harmful misrepresentations. Pure Adver-
tising is fit handmaiden for Pure Food.
These are the objects I have had in view in the
work done under the auspices of Good Housekeep-
ing. The way in. which these principles have been
used as measuring rods to guide me in the de-
cisions reached call for a word of explanation that
the scope and results of the work may not be mis-
iaterpreted and the maximum amount of practical
xxii THE PURE FOOD BATTLE
good may be done. While tliese investigations
were undertaken primarily to protect the adver-
tising columns of Good Housekeeping, their deeper
purpose was to render a constructive service to
the cause of pure food and its honest labeling,
merchandising, and advertising. This service
could only be made broadly effective by placing
on record the results of our findings on the thou-
sand or more samples of foods, drug products and
cosmetics that have passed througli the laboratory
during the past two years together with the rea-
sons of those decisions. This is for the mutual
advantage of the progressive manufacturer and
the woman buyer who in many cases is groping
blindly in a maze of doubts and fears as to what
is and what is not an adulterated or misbranded
package.
No one can realize more clearly the limitations
and imperfections of such a piece of work than
those who have struggled with the detail of it.
It is urged that such partial lists, of necessity open
to differences of opinion as to their grading, work
injustices, are incomplete and therefore should not
be printed. This does not seem to be an adequate
reason for lacking the courage to take the next
step and submit the work on its merits as far as
it has been carried. No change, no reform, no
THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xxiii
big piece of work lias ever been carried tbrough.
"witbout minor and incidental hardsbips, and wbile
tbe impossibility of perfection in such an under-
taking is manifest, tbe doing of it seems none
tbe less serviceable and worth wbile, from the
broadest point of view.
Among the difficulties that beset the task are
these: As the chemist and microscopist can not
take the place of the factory inspector, some de-
fects are not disclosed by analysis though pro-
nounced bad conditions might be reflected in the
product. The products of the same company vary
from time to time, or from season to season — the
output is not uniform, any more than is the out-
put of the home kitchen, and therefore determina-
tions on one or two samples may be misleading.
This is especially true of goods handled by jobbers,
bought here and there, and labeled with a common
brand or distributor's name. Again an excellent
product may be extravagantly labeled and mis-
leadingly praised, while a mediocre one may be ir-
reproachable in this regard, and the rating must
be balanced to give the sanest and most practical
help to the buyer. These and many other inter-
acting causes make "whitelisting" a thankless
undertaking. This book is not a white list nor a
black list. There are doubtless many products'
xxiv THE PURE FOOD BATTLE
not mentioned which are as good as those we have
examined ; and no effort was made to find products
to condemn. On the other hand, we sought in the
open market those foods having a general sale and
presumably of the best quality, that the advice
might be positive rather than negative in its char-
acter.
It is something to be able to say definitely that
the representative samples of the products listed,
on which we shared the consumer's luck, are free
from injurious or debasing ingredients, are at
least of standard quality, and in many cases are
superior to the requirements maintained by fed-
eral and state regulations, that the package offers
honest weight or measure, and that the labeling
is not misleading in any essential particular.
And that is what we do say of the "starred" prod-
ucts reported. Occasionally a meaningless flight
of fancy on the label or in the circular matter of a
very fine quality product has been but lightly
scored — ^the most practical service seeming to de-
mand this. Some may think that too much stress
has been laid upon exaggerated claims. But the
importance of insisting on truthful descriptions
of foods, drugs, and cosmetics, their uses and
value, as well as their composition, can not be
overestimated, whether the statements appear on
THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xxv
the label, in circulars, or in the advertisement.
Otherwise the consumer is hopelessly at the mercy
of the imagination of the label or advertisement
writer, all relative sense of value is lost, and in-
telligent buying is impossible. To permit it in
any marked degree, because the product is other-
wise a good one, halts the whole reform movement,
as it makes competition unfair, the honest man's
sanely described product being overshadowed by
the vocabulary of his business rival. Far reach-
ing and radical changes have been made in the
descriptive material of many well known products,
since the folly of claiming that everything is the
"best" the "most nutritious," the "only thing"
of the kind worth buying, becomes rather striking
when all of these superlatives are gathered to-
gether within a few pages of each other in our
magazines and newspapers. A shrieking chorus
of contradictory superlatives gets no one any-
where, either buyer or seller.
It will be noted that products ranging from 85
to 100 per cent, are starred. Manifestly there
must exist among these minor differences of
quality, the use of more or less expensive packages
and wrapping, etc. A product rated at 85 is not
so near perfection as one rated at 95. An olive
oil, for example, may be pure, meet all the required
xxvi THE PURE FOOD BATTLE
tests and standards, but be less characteristic in
odor and flavor, less distinctive in character than
another. The preference may be largely a matter
of taste and it did not seem practicable to en-
deavor to distinguish any more closely between
grades of excellence than this. The problem is
further complicated by the question of relative
cost. One product may be wholesome, nutritious
or pleasing, and a good bargain at 50 cents, though
not so delicious, nor of quite such high grade
as something of the same kind sold at a dollar.
Plainly this is a question in itself and one that
could be given only secondary consideration in
grading a large number of miscellaneous products.
The housewife must adapt the findings to her own
taste and pocketbook to some extent.
The same questions arise repeatedly in corre-
spondence, concerning certain classes of foods, the
special adulterations to be avoided, the points to
be noted in reading the labels, the standards that a
first class product should attain, and so on. The
introduction to each classified list of products is
intended to cover as briefly and simply as possible
some of these salient points, to aid the judgment
of the housekeeper in general buying and to as-
sist in an intelligent interpretation of the ratings.
One of the many bright lights in the rather thick
THE PURE FOOD BATTLE xxvii
cloud of difficulties that hung about this pioneer
effort was the readiness of most of the leading
manufacturers and advertising men to modify
claims, labels, and advertisements when inconsist-
encies and inaccuracies were brought to their at-
tention. The time is undoubtedly coming when it
will be a confession of inferiority to overrate or
distort the merits and special uses of any com-
modity — ^just as any boaster is self-branded a
light-weight rather than a man of parts. To
hasten the coming of this day, to uphold the hands
of the manufacturers, who in a transition period,
at some sacrifice and under unfair conditions of
competition, are willing to make this advance and
speak the plain truth about an honest product,
depending on merit rather than on language to sell
their goods; and to serve the housekeepers, who
are the buyers of the nation's food and on whose
judgment and wise selection the health of thou-
sands of workers and children largely depend —
we offer this report of progress, believing that in
spite of its necessary limitations, it will be useful
to buyer and seller alike. The object is neither
to praise nor to condemn, but to serve. To fur-
nish a stepping stone in the quagmire of doubts
that the food agitation has created, to lay a foun-
dation for further work, to provide the housewife
xxviii THE PURE FOOD BATTLE
with both specific and general information on
mooted points, and above all to give a further im-
petus to the movement toward higher standards
in the manufacture, merchandising, and advertis-
ing of foods, so essential to the well being of all —
is the purpose of this book.
H. W. WlIiBT.
Washington, D. C, December, 1915.
KEY TO METHOD OF EATING PKODUCTS
Starred prodMcta (•^) are those rated at 85 to 100, represent-
ing high quality and full weight and measure with accurate
labeling and no specifically misleading claims.
(N) indicates a noncommittal rating between 76 and 84, given
to products subject to such criticisms, in my judgment, as incor-
rect labeling, short weight, relatively inferior quality, or defi-
nitely misleading claims.
Disapproved products (D), rated at 75 and less, are only in a
few instances actually harmful (though some do contain chemical
preservatives, alum, artificial colors, etc., deemed injurious to
health), but are so classed because they are, in my opinion, of
low quality, or are misbranded, or carry grossly exaggerated
claims as to efficiency or nutritive value.
A period of over three years (April 1912 — August 1915) is
covered by the examination of these samples. The character of
some of the products may have changed since they were studied,
labels and circulars may have been revised, and wherever such
changes have been brought to our attention we have met the im-
provement with a reconsideration and re-rating of the product on
its merits. Quite a number of samples have been retested from
time to time. Ratings will be advanced as further improve-
ments are noted.
"1001" Tests of Foods,
Beverages and Toilet Accessories
Note: Changes and corrections in ratings have been made
from time to time based on re-examinations, and on corrections
and improvements made in labeling and circular material (and
for such improvements we are always eager to give credit). It
has also seemed advisable, as the work gathered prestige and
authority, to extend the star rating to some products of good
value and quality, which had originally been de-rated solely on
account of over enthusiasm and obvious exaggerations. While
we still deprecate such labeling and shall continue in a construc-
tive fashion to point out such statements and exclude them from
the magazine, the best service to the consumer demands that a
passing rating be accorded if the quality of the product is satis-
factory, attention being called to flaws of this general nature in
label or circulars. Specifically misleading statements however
are not tolerated even to this extent.
44
1001" TESTS
Classified Lists of Tested Foods, Beverages
and Cosmetics with Comments.
BAKING POWDEES, YEASTS, ETC.
THERE are three kinds of baking powders, the
cream of tartar type; the phosphate pow-
ders; and the alum powders. From the stand-
point of economy, what the housekeeper wants is
the powder with the highest carbon dioxide con-
tent and the minimum of starch or filler necessary
to preserve its strength. High grade powders
contain from 12 to 14 per cent, of carbon dioxide.
Below 10 per cent, is poor quality. All leave a
mineral residue in the bread and for this and other
reasons I believe them to be relatively less health-
ful than the products nM,de with yeast. For con-
venience, for quick use, etc., the baking powders
are unequaled, and the hot bread, cakes, pancakes,
so made fill a permissible role in the menu, if not
"over-worked."
1
1001 TESTS
The alum powders are tlie least desirable, there
being grave question as to their wholesomeness.
Between the other two types there is not much to
choose. Two teaspoonfuls of a tartrate powder
leave in a loaf made from a quart of flour,
about 165 grains of EocheUe salts, 45 grains
more than a Seidlitz powder. The phosphate
type leaves in the loaf a still larger amount
of phosphate of limfe and phosphate of soda, the
latter being slightly purgative. The alum pow-
ders leave a deposit of hydrate of aluminum and
sulphate of soda, or if phosphate is used, which is
now generally the case, phosphate of alumiuum is
also present. There is some difference of opinion
as to the degree of solubility of aluminum salts
and their exact physiological effect. (See p. 4.)
The use of egg albumin in baking powders while
harmless in itself haS' led to serious abuses. Dem-
onstrations to show effectivieiiess givg^^isleading
results when one powder contains the egg albumin
and the other does not. A federal court has en-
joined the use of egg albumin in tests of this kind
as deceptive. A comparison of two powders both
containing this substance enables one to distin-
guish between old and new powders in a general
iway. Formerly, many powders contained a slight
trace of either lead (in cream of tarta.r powders)
BAKING POWDERS. YEASTS, ET C. 3
or arsenic (in phosphate powders), but these bod-
ies are now practically eliminated from well-
made products.
TESTED BAKING POWDERS, YEASTS, ETC.
(Starred products .{ir) are rated at 85 to 100; {If) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
Calumet Baking Powder Company, Chicago, 111.
(N) Calumet Baking Powder. ( Contains alum and egg
albumen declared on label. Doubtful if "com-
plete neutralization" of alum is always effected
as claimed.)
Cleveland Baking Powder Company, New York City.
•k Cleveland's Superior Baking Powder. {Cream of
tartar type.)
Corby Brothers, Washuigton, D. C.
* Yeast.
Davis, R. B., Company, Hoboken, N. J.
♦ (N) Davis 0. K. Baking Powder. {An alum baking
powder, correctly labeled.)
Fleischmann, Company, The, Washington, D. C.
* Yeast. {Good yeast but starch present, presence
of "tapioca flour" being declared in very small
type.)
Gumbert, S., and Company, Brooklyn, N. Y.
(N) Up-Rise Baking Powder. {Alum baking powder
1001 TESTS
containing egg albumen, and correctly la-
beled.)
Jaques Manufacturing Company, Chicago, 111.
(N) K. C. Baking Powder. {An alum baking pow-
der, accurately labeled.)
Price Baking Powder Company, Chicago, HI.
* Dr. Price's Cream Baking Powder. (Cream of
tartar type.)
Royal Baking Powder Company, New York City.
ic Koyal Baking Powder. {Cream of tartar type,
excellent product but claim "absolutely pure,"
objectionable.)
Rumford Chemical Works, Providence, E. I-
ic Rumford Baking Powder. {Phosphate type.)
Slade, D. and L., Company, Boston, Mass.
■k Congress Baking Powder. {Cream of tartar type.)
"k Absolutely Pure Grape Cream of Tartar. {Equal
to PharmMCopodal standard as claimed, but
phrase "absolutely pure" objectionable.)
•k Baking Soda — Absolutely Pure Saleratus. (Sam^.)
(NoxE: The Referee Board of Consulting Scientific Experts has
advised the Department of Agriculture that the residue from alum
baking powders is not harmful in ordinary amoimts and there-
fore that aliun may be used in pickles and other food products.
The federal courts have held in a similar ruling relating to benzo-
ate of soda that the evidence of harmlessness is not conclusive.
If food products containing alum are conspicuously labeled the
public will probably take the same attitude respecting alum that
it holds concerning benzoate of soda. I have not experimented
with alum myself and therefore have rated the alum powders
as (N) Kon-committal.)
n
BEVERAGES
CHOCOLATES AND COCOAS
THESE are some of tlie questions repeatedly
asked in regard to cocoas and chocolates —
■with their answers.
1. What is the difference between cocoa and
chocolate — ^which is better to use? Cocoa is
merely chocolate from which about half of the fat
has been removed. It has therefore less heat
value but is a better balanced food and is for that
reason preferred for invalids and children, the
chocolate being "too rich. ' ' The cocoas have from
20 to 27 per cent, of fat, and the chocolates, 45 to
50 per cent., 45 per cent, being required by the
standard.
2. Is there a poisonous drug called theobromin
in chocolate? There is a trace of ca£fein and
about 1.8 per cent, of theobromin in cocoa. This
is an alkaloid related to caffein but is generally
conceded to be relatively free from any marked
action on the nerve centers. Further than this
cocoa and chocolate being made with milk and hav-
5
6 1001 TESTS
ing more food value the stimulating effect of this
ingredient is much, decreased. We do not hear
much of the "cocoa hahit" or of folks who "can't
get through the day without it. ' '
3. Is an alkali-treated cocoa harmful? Why is
it done? Only about 25 per cent, of cocoa is solu-
ble in water, and the so-called "Dutch process" or
treating with an alkali, is practiced because it com-
bines with the fat and makes an emulsion, thus ap-
parently increasing the solubility while really it
does not do so at aU. The process is not regarded
with general favor, as it increases the mineral con-
stituents, adding about 3 per cent, of alkalies to the
cocoa, but one cannot say that it is actually in-
jurious. The practice is questionable, and the
consumer should be given the benefit of the doubt,
therefore, the presence of these alkalies should al-
ways be plainly declared, that invalids and those of
delicate digestion may avoid such brands. Ex-
travagant claims in regard to the special merits of
the treatment, resulting solubility, digestibility,
etc., are misleading.
4. What is plain or bitter chocolate? This
product should be composed of the roasted,
crushed cocoa nibs only. These nibs contain
over 50 per cent, of fat. The bitter chocolates
of commerce contain from 45 to 49 per cent, of fat
BEVERAGES 7
only, showing the removal of a small part of the
fat or the addition of some drying substance, such
as sugar or starch.
5. What are the adulterants of cocoas? Starch
and cocoa shells are sometimes added; iron oxide
is occasionally added to cheap products to color
them; added sugar is also considered an adulterant
from the standpoiat that it is a cheaper product
mixed with the more expensive one for which you
are pajdng. Sweetened chocolate should be so
labeled. There is practically no adulteration of
brands of any reputation.
TESTED BEVERAGES
(Starred proditets (ie) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and S4; disa/pproved products
(D), rated at 7S and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
TESTED CHOCOLATES AND COCOAS
Baker, Walter, and Company, Dorchester, Mass.
if Breakfast Cocoa. {Claim "absolutely pure" un-
tenable, as always.)
Bensdorp, Amsterdam, Holland. (Bartlett, Stephen L.,
Company.)
(N) Royal Dutch Cocoa. {A good Dutch process
cocoa but presence of added mineral ingredients
makes statement, "Is acknowledged by the lead-
ing authorities to be an absolutely pure cocoa,"
especially objectionable.)
8 1001 TESTS
Blockers, Amsterdam, and New York.
* Blocker's Daalders Cacao. {Dutch process Zy^
per cent, alkali added, properly labeled; good
qtiality.)
Huyler's, New York.
ir Cocoa, Huyler's. (Mineral ingredients slightly
high; not added alkali, however.)
■k Premium Chocolate.
Lowney, Walter M. Company, Boston, Mass.
•k Breakfast Cocoa. (Good quality. Extravagant
claims. " Unlike any other"; "Of special bene-
fit to those of delicate digestion.")
Maillard, Henry, 35th and Fifth Avenue, New York,
N.Y.
•k Maillard 's Breakfast Cocoa. (Extravagant claims
as to solubUity, "absolute purity." No cocoa
is "thoroughly soluble.")
k Maillard 's Premium Chocolate.
Peter Cailler Kohler Swiss Chocolates Company, Ful-
ton, N. Y.
k Breakfast Cocoa. ("Absolutely pure" claim ex-
travagant.)
Phillips, Charles H. Chemical Company, New York.
(N) Phillips Digestible Cocoa. (No right to the claim
of special digestibility; phosphates added, about
20% of sugar and vanilla — declared on label.)
^ BEVERAGES 9
Stollwerck Brothers, Inc., New York.
"k Gold Brand Premium Chocolate.
Van Houten and Sons, Holland.
(N) Van Houten 'a Famous Cocoa, Unexcelled.
{Greatly exaggerated claims as to improvement
of the product iy the Dutch treatment vntK
alkali.)
Whitman, Stephen F., and Son, Philadelphia, Pa.
■*■ Instantaneous Sweet Chocolate. {A good choco-
late, tut about half sugar, 26% fat.)
COFFEE AND TEA
All that the chemist can do to protect the buyer
of coffee and tea is to assure him that the product
is not faced or artificially colored, does not consist
of dried stems instead of leaves in the case of tea,
or is not coated "with injurious substances and
mixed with adulterants such as chicory in the case
of coffee ; to make sure that the amount of extract
yielded is what it should be; that odor and flavor
are good and that the tea and coffee are free from
dirt. In the case of teas the samples were com-
pared with a set of standard Treasury samples for
grading purposes. These points have been deter-
mined for the samples reported but when it comes
to fine gradations in quality, this is a matter for
the expert and the individual as personal tastes
vary widely and the practice of blending many
different kinds of teas and coffees and selling them
under fancy names, makes it impossible to estab-
lish any more definite standards. This is espe-
cially true in the case of teas. Wide variations in
price exist among some of the starred samples and
corresponding variations in quality naturally are
found, but the teas approved are all standard and
10
BEVERAGES 11
good quality for the price asked. A frank state-
ment on the label as to the kind of coffee entering
into the blend of package goods bearing pro-
prietary fancy names would clarify the whole sit-
uation and enable the buyer to judge both of price
and relative quality and to know what coffees
produce the preferred flavor. Why should we buy
a "pig in a poke"? Why not know what blend
of coffees we purchase ? Such package goods, giv-
ing the buyer no inkling as to the nature and qual-
ity of the contents, do not always lead to fraud
but it makes it perilously easy if a manufacturer is
looking for such an opportunity. Let the house-
keeper stand for intelligent, simple labels that
mean something.
The coffee and tea drinker knows that he is taking
caffein, a nei^e stimulant, and more or less habit-
forming drug when he takes these beverages, and
the tannic acid present may affect the digestion
more or less, varying with the individual suscepti-
bility. There is no doubt but what the excessive
use of tea and coffee injuriously affects a large
percentage of the persons using them and in many
cases of idiosyncrasy even small quantities are
harmful.
The only other point of special interest is the
"cereal coffees" or so-called coffee substitutes.
12 1001 TESTS
These are not substitutes for coffee in that they
do not produce the same effect, do not have the
same flavor, and cannot fill their place. They are
harmless, their chief sin lying in the extraordinary
claims made as to their nutritive value. As a
matter of fact they contain in general about one-
twentieth the nutrition of skimmed milk and their
only virtue lies in providing a warm, harmless
beverage and restricting the use of the caffein-
bearing drinks. A true "decaffeinated" coffee
would practically serve this purpose at the same
time providing a better flavored product.
So-called instantaneous coffees, under whatever
branding are made from an aqueous extract of
coffee, evaporated to dryness, at a low tempera-
ture, usually by aid of a vacuum, preserving as far
as possible the aromatic constituents of the ex-
tract. There is no method of drying, however,
which can preserve all of the volatile flavors and
qualities of coffee. The instantaneous coffees
must, therefore, of necessity lack some of the de-
liciousness of the freshly made beverage. The
claims which are made for them in regard to in-
creased wholesomeness, lower content of caffein or
tannic acid, are not borne out by the analytical
data. These coffees are most convenient for
campers and on all occasions when the quick
^ BEVERAGES 13
preparation of the beverage is desirable. This
appears to me to be their sole useful role.
TESTED COFFEES, AND COFFEE
SUBSTITUTES
(Starred products (■*) are rated at 85 to 100; (W) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
{D), rated at 75 and less; see introduction and page xxviii for
details ag to method of rating.)
Arbuckle Brothers, New York.
(N) Ariosa Coffee. {Good quality for price; state-
ments on label mildly extravagant; coated with
sugar and egg.)
* Yuban, The Arbuckle Guest Coffee. (A good
hlend.)
Aroma Coffee Company, Duluth, Minnesota.
(N) Caldwell's Electric Cut, not ground coffee.
(Claims on label extravagant as to removal of
tannin, quality, etc.)
Baker Importing Company, 109 Hudson Street, New
York, N. Y.
ir Bakerized Steel Cut Coffee. {Claims for special
process slightly exaggerated; evenly ground and
clean, hut no marked effect on composition de-
termined.)
Blanke, C. R, Tea and Coffee Company, St, Louis,
Missouri.
14 1001 TESTS
ir Coffee. {Extravagant quality cUdms.)
(D) Fairy Cup Instant Coffee. (Claims as to the re-
moval of caffein and tannin not substantiated.)
Blendo Food Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
(D) Blendo. (Absurd claims as to nutritive vahie
and "superior to coffee" flavor; a mixture of
roasted peas, rye and barley.)
Borden's Condensed Milk Company, New York, N. Y.
(N) Borden's Condensed Coffee. (A very small
amount of coffee with sugar and condensed
milk sold for 31 cents for 15% ounces.
Slightly short weight on samples tested.)
Chase and Sanborn, Boston, Mass.
* Seal Brand Coffee.
Clark, Coggins and Johnson Company, Boston, Mass.
(N) Puri-tan-ated Brand Coffee. ("Nourishing"
claims extra/vagant, claims for effect of special
process in removing tannin, etc., unwarranted.)
Climax Coffee Company, Chicago, Illinois.
if Mrs. Borer's Brand Own Blend Coffee. (Extrems
claims as to keeping qualities.)
Crosse and Blackwell, London and New York.
(N) Pure Essence of Coffee. (Extractives rather low,
hardly a true "essence.")
Dwinell- Wright Company, Boston, Mass. — Chicago, HI.
•k White House Brand Coffee.
Fischer, B., and Company, New York.
•k Hotel Astor Coffee.
BEVERAGES 15
Githens, Rexsamer and Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
* The "400" Blend Roasted Coffee.
G. Washington Coffee Sales Company, New York, N. Y.
(N) G. Washington Prepared Coffee. {A good in-
stantaneous coffee; claims as to harmlessness,
etc., much exaggerated as most of the caffein
remains. "Drink all the coffee you want" dan-
gerous and misleading advice.)
Harris, W. B., Company, New York City.
ir Royal Stag Coffee.
Kellogg Food Company, Battle Creek, Mich.
(N) Kellogg's Cereal Beverage, Minute Brew.
(Boasted, pulverised grain, no more "health-
ful" than other cereal coffees.)
Kneipp Malt Food Company, Mantowoc, Wisconsin.
(N) Kneipp Malt, (A Coffee Substitute). (Claimed to
he a roasted malt; so burned that malting can
not he confirmed. Flavored with an extract from
the leaves and pericarp of the coffee plant.)
Levering Coffee Company, The, Baltimore, Md.
■)*r Tourist Coffee.
Lockyer and Company, Chicago, 111.
* Extra Fancy B. Coffee.
* Extra Fancy C. Coffee.
Merck and Company, New York, (Distributors).
* Dekofa. (J. true decaffeinated coffee, containing
16 1001 TESTS
only 0.15 per cent, of caffein, which is as near
complete removal as can he attained.)
Panama Banana Fruit Company, New York.
(N) Banan-Nutro. (A prodtict made from, ground
roasted bananas. Exaggerated daims as to nu-
tritive value. Not a "king of substitutes for
coffee" in so far as flavor is concerned.)
Porto Rico Trading Company, Inc., 127 Franklin
Street, New York, N. Y.
"k Queen Isabella Porto Rico Coffee.
Postiun Cereal Company.
(N) Instant Postum. (Boasted cereals with an excess
of mineral ingredients, source unknown: hanri'
less, but claims much exaggerated.)
(N) Postum Cereal. (Same.)
Potter and Wrightington, Boston, Mass.
(D) Old Grist Mill. A substitute for coffee. (Con-
tains wheat, peas, and dandelion, and some cof-
fee, objectionable in a "coffee substitute,
claims as to aiding digestion, preserving com,
plexion, etc., misleading.)
>f
Quinby, W. S.,>Company, Boston, Mass.
k La Touraine, The perfect coffee. ("Perfection"
exagg^atedl)
Sprague, Warner and Company, Chicago, HI,
(N) Kichlieu Brand Hans Evers Process Vacuum
Treated Coffee. (Ckw'ms as to removal of
BEVERAGES 17
harmful products hy vacuum process not sui-
stantiated; caffein stiU present.)
TESTED TEAS
Asiatic Products Company, San Francisco, California.
* Dalmoy Blend Tea.
ic London Blend Brand Tea.
* Sa-Sa-Ma Brand Tea.
Berndt and Company, Baltimore, Md.
(D) Juno Mate Paraguayan Tea (Ilex Paraguayensis) .
(Contains as much caffein as coffee amd stUl
most extravagant claims are made as to health-
fulness, food value, freedom from had after ef-
fects, etc. Product unobjectionable "but no
ground found for such cUmns.)
Blanke, C. F., Tea and Coffee Company, St. Louis,
Missouri.
* Magic Cup Soluble Tea.
Dwinell-Wright Company, Boston, Mass. — Chicago, 111.
-k White House Brand Orange Pekoe Tea.
Fischer, B., and Company.
•k Hotel Astor Tea.
Gillet, Martin and Company, Baltimore, Md.
(N) House of Lords, Ceylon Tea. (A heavy, Uquor-
ing tea; not well clea/ned.)
•k Standard HE-NO Tea. (A good grade of green
tea.)
18 1001 TESTS
Harris, W. B., and Company, New York, N. Y.
* Royal Stag Tea. {Good for price; 36 cents a
pound, not highest quality.)
Lipton, London and New York.
if Lipton 's Tea — Extra Choice Blend of Ceylon and
India Tea — ^Black.
ic Lipton 's Extra Choicest Blend of Ceylon and In-
dia Tea — ^Black, blend A.
"k Lipton 's Ceylon and India Tea — ^Black, blend B.
Quinby, W. S., Company, Boston, and Chicago, 111.
"k Golden Dome Orange Pekoe Ceylon Tea. {A sixty
cent tea, good flavor hut not exceptional; sold
in hulk to retailers and "branded hags furnished
for sales to consumer.)
Salada Tea Company, New York, N. Y.
"k Salada Tea.
•k Salada Ceylon and India Tea.
Tetley, Joseph, and Company, London, Bng.
k Tetley 's Tea, Black, India and Ceylon.
Victoria Tea Company, Chicago, 111.
* "My Own" blend Tea— Blend No. 1.
* "My Own" blend Tea— Blend No. 2.
SOFT DBINKS, TONICS, AND MEDICATED
BEVERAGES
"While the miscellaneous bottled soft drinks on
the market with the exception of those bearing
habit-forming drugs, such as Coca Cola (caffein),
cannot be said to be absolutely injurious, they rep-
resent to my mind second grade products of a mis-
cellaneous composition which does not recommend
them for consumption by the young or for a place
in a list of high grade products. Many of the
most highly prized remedies are of vegetable origin
and almost every root, herb, or extract, found in
these so-called soft drinks is described as a drug
in the pharmacopoeia, the official standard of
drugs. If these bodies have the remedial values
assigned to them they should not be given pro-
miscuously to healthy people. Why give your
chUd an extract of barks and roots colored with
caramel, many of them having medicinal proper-
ties, or a ginger ale, owing its pungency chiefly to
capsictmi, or a sarsaparilla, which has never seen
sarsaparilla, but is made from wintergreen, and
sassafras, and colored with caramel, when you
can always obtain good grape juice, true ginger
10
20 1001 TESTS
ales, and pure fruit juices obtained direct from the
lime, the berry, the orange or lemon?
The question of the presence of alcohol in grape
juices has recently been raised. There is rarely
more than a trace of alcohol present, and this only
takes place when the grapes have been held over
after crushing during the warm season. Under
such conditions a slight fermentation might take
place producing minute amounts of alcohol.
This point seems negligible and certainly could not
be used to furnish a foundation for the addition of
sugar to grape juices, since this practice makes it
possible to use inferior and half-ripened grapes
and supply artificial sweetness by adding sugar,
giving a product which does not compare with that
prepared from properly ripened grapes alone.
None of the soft drinks given in the disapproved
class is especially injurious except as intimated
above, nor do they contain preservatives, sac-
charin, or dangerous coloring materials as is
sometimes the case. It is merely that they fail in
quality and are for that reason disapproved as
not belonging in a list of high grade products, or
are of secret composition and as such unworthy of
patronage. Some of the manufacturers have un-
doubtedly made efforts to improve their product
and moderate their claims especially of late years.
BEVERAGES 21
Upon the whole the "habit of drinMng," even of a
preparation of roots and herbs, is not one to be
generally commended. At least every parent hav-
ing at heart the welfare of his child is entitled to
know what that child drinks when he patronizes
the soda fountain or the bottled beverages.
TESTED SOFT DRINKS, TONICS ^D MEDI-
CATED BEVERAGES '^
Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association, St. Louis, Mo.
•k Malt Nutrine. (General claims as to tonic and
flesh forming results permissible. Statement
that it is nonrintoxicating is modified hy the
declaration of the presence of 1.9 per cent, of
alcohol. Is non-intoxicating when taken in
medicinal doses, as recommended on laiel.)
Armour Company, Chicago, Illinois.
•k Grape Juice.
American Fruit Products Company, Rochester, N. Y.
ic Duffy's Apple 'Juice.
Brooke, C. M., and Sons, New York and Melbourne.
(D) Lemos, Brooke's. {Apparently a mixture of lime
and lemon pulp and juice, sweetened, colored
with Napthol Yellow S (a permitted coal tar
dye) and preserved with 0.10 per cent, of
henzoate of soda, declared on the laiel. "Use
Lemas instead of lemons for all purposes."
1001 TESTS
It is not a wholesome equivalent for pure lemon
juice hy any means.)
Cliquot Club Company, Millis, Mass.
XN) Celebrated Cliquot Club Extra Dry Ginger Ale.
{Ginger resins and ginger oil could not he de-
tected. Owes pungency mainly to capsicum;
labeled as follows: . . . "flavored with the
finest Jamaica) ginger with dashes of pure fruit
flavor and capsicum.")
Coca Cola Company, Atlanta, Georgia.
(D) Coca Cola, Bottled. {A beverage sold as a soft
drink containing a habit forming alkaloid, caf-
fein, not declared in am/y way and which may
prove injurious to health; contains also a little
phosphoric acid, about 9 per cent, of sugar, and
is colored with caramel.)
Coleman and Company, Ltd., Norwich, Eng.
(D) Wineaniis. (A sweet red wine containing malt
extract and extract of beef. The latter has
practically no food value; contains 18 per cent.
of alcohol, and the claims that it is "a nerve
food without an equal" and "a powerful restor-
ative and vitaliser" and "a liquid food" are
not permissible, as it is merely a mild stimu-
lant and tonic, has practically no nutri-
tive value and is not a "nerve food" at
an.)
BEVERAGES 23
Evans' Sons, Lescher and Webb, Ltd., London and
LiYerpool.
ir The Montserrat Lime-Fruit Juice.
Golden Gate Fruit Company, San Gabriel and New
York, N. Y.
(D) Orange Ade. (Citric acid substituted in whole
or in part for orange juice, artificially colored
with a coal tar dye and preserved with sodium
hemoate. Notice of judgment 2864.)
Hawaiian Pineapple Products Company, Honolulu.
•k Dole's Pure Hawaiian Pineapple Juice.
Hires, Charles E., Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
(N) Hire's Household Extract. (Is true to label be-
ing made from a mixture of many different
barks and roots, such as juniper, pipsisewa,
spikenard, etc. Not deemed of a composition
suitable for children's use. May have medicinal
effect.)
HofF, Johann, agent, Eisner Mendelson Company, New
York, N. Y.
,(D) Johann HoiS's Extract. (A malt extract con-
taining nearly 5 per cent, of alcohol, mare than
many beers, with 92 per cent, of volatile mat-
ter, mostly water, and only 8 per cent, of nu-
tritive solids. Claims that it is "recognized by
the medical faculty as an ideal food," and that
it is an "active remedy for coughs, colds, sore
throat, bronchitis, etc.," are not warranted in
any way.)
1001 TESTS
Hygeia DistiUed Water Company, New York, N. Y.
"k Hywaeo Ginger Ale.
•k Lemon Soda.
(D) Hywaeo Sarsaparilla. (Sweetened water, fla-
vored with sassafras and wintergreen. Not
true to label as it contains no sarsaparilla. An
accepted commercial misbranding. All sarsa-
parillas are of this type.)
Moxie Company, Boston and New York.
(D) Moxie. {Contains a little oil of sassafras and
wintergreen, caramel, sugar and a trace of ex-
tractives from Peruvian bark. Former extrav-
agant tonic claims have been modified but are
still far too strong. Harmless but of practically
no tonic value.)
O. T. Limited, London, Blackfriars, S. E., Sydney and
Melbourne, Australia.
(D) 0. T. A delicious Drink,— A Tonic. A Diges-
tive. (Extravagant tonic and digestive claims
for a product containing capsicum, caramel and
flavoring oUs.)
Pepper, Dr., Company, Waco, Texas,
(D) Dr. Pepper (King of Beverages). (Makes spe-
cial merit of being free from caffein, and co-
cain. Contains benzaldehyde and caramel col-
oring, vnth raspberry flavor and a trace of citric
and phosphoric acid.)
BEVERAGES g6
Pierce, S. S., Company, Boston, Mass.
• Tally-Ho Ginger Ale.
(D) Tally-Ho Sarsaparilla. (See Eygeia Dist^led
Water Company, N. Y., Eywaco Sarsaparilla
for comments.)
Puritan Fruit Products Company, Fredonia, N. T,
■*■ Red Wing Grape Juice. (Two per cent, or less
of sugar added declared on label; should he
called a "sweetened grape juice"; addition of
dubious necessity or desirability.)
Rose, L., and Company, Ltd., London.
•k Rose's Pure West IJndian Lime Juice unsweetened.
Ross, W. A., and Sons, Ltd., Belfast, Ireland.
•k Ross's Royal Ginger Ale.
Schuyler, A. C, 333 West 36th Street, New York.
•k Delatour Ginger Ale.
Sheboygan Mineral Water Company, Sheboygan, Wis.
ik Aromatic Ginger Ale. (_Not "chief of them
all.")
Standard Bottling and Extract Company, Boston, Mass.
•*r Standard Ginger Ale.
Welch Grape Juice Company, Westfield, N. Y.
k Grape Juice.
Wyeth, John, and Brother, Philadelphia, Pa.
(N) Liquid Malt Extract. {Alcohol slightly too high
(2.53 per cent.), as much as a light beer. Con-
26 1001 TESTS
tains, however, 14 per cent, of solids and the
claims are only slightly exaggerated. Its spe-
cial adaptability for nursing mothers and con-
sumptives is over stated.)
m
BISOXHTS, CAKES, ETC.
THEEE is but little criticism to be made con-
cerning the package "crackers," cakes, bis-
cuits, etc. Usually no great nutritive claims are
made. In some cases extravagant claims are made
for bran, and whole wheat products. These are of
value in preventing constipation, and are of maxi-
mum nutritive value, when true to name. Too
often, however, the products are bolted and the
analysis does not justify the claim that the whole
wheat, including the bran, was used. This is the
case with the Educator products, which not only
show by their nitrogen and ash content that they
are not made of true whole wheat, but rather ex-
travagant claims are made for their efficiency.
The simple patent flour biscuit of the Loose- Wiles
Company is a peif ectly good biscuit, but when they
claim that it "contains all the nutriment of the
grain" and "is different from aU other soda crack-
ers," etc., the labeling is plainly misleading.
One other product is open to special criticism,
namely, the rusks and biscuits of the Jireh Dia-
27
1001 TESTS
betic Food Company, which claim to "cnre consti-
pation," "provide an anti-acid diet," and to be
"especially suitable for diabetics," when they con-
tain about 47 per cent, of starch, or more, the
"special treatment" being of dubious value.
Such claims in combination with the misleading
word "diatetic" garbled from the two words
"dietetic" and "diabetic" cannot be considered
fr^ank, honest, and instructive labeling, and would
of necessity mislead the average layman.
The maia objection to this class of products, if
such it be, is that the consumer pays a high price
for the sanitary package. Any one who remem-
bers the pound of soda biscuits bought in bulk
knows that he is getting much less, due allowance
being made for breakage, when he buys the dozen
or so prettily packed cakes or crackers in a neat
box. The public seems to demand such goods,
however, and except on the score of economy, a
factor in the problem which we are considering in
this instance only in extreme cases, the output is
commendable.
TESTED BISCUITS, CAKES, ETC.
{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (JT) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
{D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.);
BISCUITS, CAKES, ETC.
Edwards, Elinor E., East Orange, N. J.
(N) Edwards' Bran Cookies. {Analysis indicates a
hran flour rather than pure hran. Claims for
efficiency as a nutritive laxative largely justi-
fiable.)
Holland Rusk Company, Holland, Michigan.
(N) Holland Rusk. {Label misleading as to origin.
Not the original "Holland Busk"; made in
Holland, Mich. Not the "mast practical and
economical food known.")
Ivins', J. S., Sons, PhiladelpMa, Pa.
"k Ivins' Bonnie Wafers.
* Ivins' Lunch-on-Thin.
Jireh Diabetic Food Company, New York, N. T.
(D) Jireh Diatetic Rusks. {A good rusk, high in ni-
trogen and mineral ingredients, hut not "a cure
for constipation" and not especially adapted
for ddabetics as claimed.)
(D) Jireh Diatetie Biscuits. {Most extravagant, in-
defensible, medicinal claims; contains about 65
per cent, of starch and statement is made that
it is "a food remedy for diabetes, indigestion,
insomnia, rheumatism, bright 's disease, and all
forms of nervous and gastric derangement.")
Johnson Educator Food Co., Boston, Mass.
(N) Educator Gluten Cookies. {Just within standard
limits for a gluten flour (35.5 per cent, protein).
Following claims not entirely warranted : ' ' Vn-
30 1001 TESTS
equaled for those who are restricted to a gluten
ddet" . . . "It contams a mmimum of starch
and a high proteid content.")
■k Educator Graham Crackers. Unsweetened.
(N) Educator Oatmeal Crackers. {Nitrogen and min-
eral ingreddents ioth lower than in average
hulled oats. Contain 13 per cent, of sugar
which should be declared on label:)
(N) Educator Toasterettes. {Weight understated;
formerly 11 to 14 ounces was claimed; now only
9 ounces are claimed. Hardly a satisfactory
way from the consumer's point of view of cor-
recting short weight. Nitrogen and mineral
ingredients both too low for a true "entire
wheat" cracker.)
'(N) Educator "Wafers. {Weight claim lowered to 8
ounces so that they now run over weight,
though were formerly short. Analysis does not
indicate a true whole wheat product. Nitro-
gen content is fairly good but the mineral in-
gredients are low, indicating that bran has been
removed. These products are good but claims
are unwarranted and the price per pound is
high.)
Loose-Wiles Biscuit Company, 666 Causeway Street,
Boston, Mass.
•k Pakatin-Biscuit.
•k Sunshine Assorted Biscuits.
BISCUITS, CAKES, ETC.
* Sunshine Citrus Biscuits.
"k Sunshine Clover Leaves — ^A Sugar wafer confec-
tion.
if Sunshine Dessert IWafers.
(N) Sunshine Graham Crackers. {Contadn about 20
per cent, of sugar, not declared; should he
called "Sweetened Graham Crackers.")
"k Sunshine Philopena Sugar Almond.
ir Sunshine Petite Beurre Biscuits.
if Sunshine Tan San Sugar Wafers.
ic Sunshine Veroniques.
if Takoma Biscuit. (A good white flour biscmt of
the us^ml composition in all essentials. Former
excessive claims as to nutriment have been with-
drawn and labeling much improved. Not "en-
tirely different from all other soda crackers";
difference is in form rather than in composi-
tion.)
if Vienna Sugar Fingers. {Why Viennaf)
National Biscmt Company, New York, N. Y.
if Adora. «
if Arrowroot Biscuit.
if Baronet Biscuit.
if Cheese Sandwich.
if Chocolate Tokens.
if Chocolate Wafers.
* Epic Wafers.
* Festino Almonds.
* Fig Newtons.
1001 TESTS
•k Frotana — The Fruit Biscuit.
(N) Graham Crackers. {Contain about 17 per cent, of
sugar, not declared; should he called "Stveet-
ened Graham Crackers.")
•k Lemon Snaps.
-k Nabisco.
* Old Time Sugar Cookies.
* Eoyal Lunch.
k Saltine Biscuit.
k Social Tea Biscuit.
* Sponge Lady Fingers.
k Uneeda Biscuit.
k Vanilla Wafers.
* Water Thin Biscuit.
* Zu-Zu Ginger Snaps.
Remmers, B., and Sons, Philadelphia, Pa.
k Gluten Bread, Diabetiker loaves. {Leavened with
hydrogen peroxide but none found in the fin-
ished loaf; carbohydrates reduced to from 10 to
15 per cent.)
(Note: The addition of large amounts of sugar to graham
crackers (eaten largely by children), without any warning on the
label, seems to me prejudicial to health. It not only tends to
produce a sugar habit but unbalances the ration, overemphasizing
the carbohydrates and minimizing the protein and mineral ele-
ments which are supposed to constitute the superiority of this
special product. We at first starred these biscuits, calling atten-
tion to their real composition, and hoping that a change would
be made in label or composition, but such has not been the case.)
rv:
CANDIES
THE principal adulterants to be feared in con-
fections have been sulphites, used especially
in bleaching molasses, saccharin used to replace
sugar, metallic substances and shellac containing
arsenic, used in coating and giving a gloss,
especially to the cheap, penny candies sold to chil-
dren, artificial, poisonous colors, and the substitu-
tion of the cheap glucose made from starch, for
the true sugar (sucrose) of which candies are sup-
posed to be made. Glucose may be used almost
entirely to supplant sugar, in the case of low grade
candies, in which case it is a cheapener (whatever
may be thought of its wholesomeness and rela-
tive digestibility, especially for children), as the
price is much less than that of sugar. Moreover,
the child will eat more of confections made of glu-
cose, as they are less sweet and this again I con-
sider undesirable. The glucose may be used hon-
estly in small amounts to give certain physical
characteristics, especially in such candies as
nougatines, caramels, etc. Not exceeding 15 to
25 per cent, according to the kind of candy, has
33
1001 TESTS
been disregarded, it being considered that it was
employed in sucb cases without fraudulent intent.
In my opinion, however, glucose when present in a
candy should be declared on the label and I hope
to see the day when it will be replaced by invert
sugar, both in the interests of dietetics and hon-
esty. Sugar is more apt to crystallize and to melt
than is glucose, which is more than one-half dextrin
(a non-sugar) and it is for this physical effect that
the candy-makers desire to use it. If manufac-
turers would plainly label all mixed products with
the percentage of glucose present the popular
prejudice against glucose based on its extensive
and continued use under no name, or one that
gives no index to its nature, or a misleading name,
would soon disappear.
Personally, I believe that candies should be
given very sparingly to children, because of the
tendency to decrease and debase the natural ap-
petite, creating a longing for only sweet foods,
which increase the danger of digestive disturb-
ances. For hard working men and women, can-
dies when properly used, offer a valuable addition
to the diet. Cake, milk chocolates, plain tajBfy and
mints, the hard candies like stick candy, if made
from pure sugar, and fruit flavors, and free from
artificial coloring, are probably as healthy and
CANDIES
nutritious as any sweets that can be uspd, espe-
cially for the little folks. We are writing for the
present as well as for the future. We realize that
candies will continue to be used in large quantities
for children in spite of the sound dietetic objec-
tions to this practice. Our present purpose, there-
fore, is to emphasize the importance of the use
of pure constituents, pure sugar and honey, in-
vert sugar, natural coloring matters of vegetable
origin, caramel (burnt sugar), natural flavors de-
rived chiefly from fruits, clean milk, and pure
chocolate all manufactured in the most sanitary
manner. Too long keeping should also be avoided,
dust prbof containers employed and the products
handled in the- most cleanly and hygienic manner
possible.
TESTED CANDIES
(Starred products (•) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a
noncommittiil rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
{D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
Aromint Company, Cincinnati, Ohio.
-k Aromints.
Belle Mead Sweets, Trenton, N. J.
* Belle Mead Sweets Chocolate Coated Caramels.
* Old Fashioned Chocolate Coated Vanilla Whipped
Creams.
1001 TESTS
Bishop and Company, Los Angeles, California.
(N) Calarab Candy Figs. (50 per cent, sugar and
nearly 17 per cent, glucose.)
Borden's Condensed Milk Company, New York, N. Y.
•k Milk Chocolate.
Foss, H. D., and Company, Boston, Mass.
(N) Caramels. (33 per cent, of glucose.)
•k Chocolate Peppermints.
* Pony Sticks.
(N) Quality Liquid Cream Cherries. (Cherries col-
ored with erythrosine, a 'permitted coal tar
dye.)
Heide, Henry, New York, N. Y.
* Pine MarshmaUows. (20 per cent, glv^cose.)
Heller-Barnham Company, Hopewell, N. J.
(N) Hopewell Dainties. (20 per cent, glucose in
cream fillings; 12 os. sold for 1 lb. (80 cents) ;
good quality otherwise.)
Hershey Chocolate Company, Hershey, Pa.
* Hershey 's Sweet Milk Chocolate.
Huyler's, New York City.
* Bonbons.
ir Caramels. (24 per cent, glucose.),
•k Chocolates.
•k Nugatines.
k Vanilla Sweet Chocolate.
CANDIES 37
Johnston, Milwaukee, Wis.
(N) Superfine Caramels. (51 per cent, glucose.)
(N) Swiss Style Milk Chocolate Creams. (20 per
cent, glucose.)
Loose-Wiles Company, Boston, Mass.
(N) Nobility Chocolates. (19 per cent, of glucose in
cream filling, price $1.00 a ptund.)
Lowney, Walter M., Company, Boston, Mass.
if Chocolate Gems.
* Chocolate Ice Cream Drops. {Why ice cream?
The cream filling contained 12.5 per cent, of
glucose.)
•k Crest Caramels, Chocolate Covered. (19 per
cent, of glucose; good quality hut glucose con-
tent slightly high.)
-k Crest Nugatines — Chocolate Covered. (18 per
cent, glucose.)
Maillard's, New York.
ir Bon Bons.
■k Caramels. (Glucose 23 per cent.)
■k Chocolate Creams.
k Nugatines.
Manufacturing Company of America, Philadelphia, Pa.
• U-AU-No After Dinner Mint.
Mayer, Alfred, Philadelphia, Pa.
k Marmay Crimped Chocolates, Nuts and Fruits.
1001 TESTS
National Candy Company.
* Skylark Chocolates, Seventeen Varieties. (11 per
cent, of glucose.)
* Skylark Milk Chocolate Creams. (16 per cent.
of glucose.)
New England Confectionery Company, Boston, Mass.
(N) Pony Sticks Assorted. Necco Sweets. (30 per
cent, of glucose; permitted coal tar dyes.)
Nunnally, Atlanta, Ga.
•k Caracas Chocolate Creams. (10 per cent, glu-
cose; a 40 cent candy, good quality for price.)
(N) Chocolate Covered Cordial Cherries. {Cherries
colored with ponceau, a permitted coal tar
dye.)
Park and Tilford, New York, N. T.
-k Bon Bons.
* Caramels. (22 per cent, of glucose.)
if Chocolates.
"k Nugatines.
Peter Cailler Kohler Swiss Chocolates Company, Ful-
ton, N. T.
ic Almond Milk Chocolate. (Disparages competi-
tor's products in an unwarranted way.)
•k Original Sweet Milk. Chocolate.
k Nestle 's Hazel Nut Sweet Milk Chocolate.
* Nestle 's Almond Sweet Milk Chocolate.
Powell's, New York, N. Y.
k Kewpie Kandies. {Pure sugar candies, only vege-
table colors used.)
CANDIES
Rueckheim Brothers and Eckstein, Chicago, Illinois.
(N) Angelus MarshmaUows. {Contain 36 per cent.
glucose hut more of this ingredient is sadd to le
required for marshmailows them for most other
types of candies.)
•k Chocolate Marshmallows, Angelus. (19 per cent,
of glucose and 54 per cent, of sucrose. Hardly
"A message of purity," though they are very
good Tnarshmallows.)
if Nut Cracker Jack, The Famous Confection. (17
per cent, of glucose.)
Schrafft's, New York.
•k Bonhons.
(N) Caramels. (Glucose 28 per cent.)
ir Chocolate Creams.
Suchard, Neuchatel, Switzerland, London, Eng.
if Chocolate (Chocolat sans sucre). {An unmixed
chocolate of high grade containing 53 per cent,
of cocoa fat.)
United Berne Zurich Chocolat Manufacturing Com-
panies, Switzerland.
T*r Chocolat Lindt. {A typical sweet chocolate,
should he so labeled; contains 31 per cent, of
fat and 47 per cent, of sugar.)
Wadsworth Chocolate Co., Newark, N, J.
* Wadsworth 's Sweets, Mints.
40 1001 TESTS
Whitman, Stephen F., and Son, Inc., 411-421 Race
Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
* Chocolate Elite Cream. {Glucose 12 per cent.)
* Chocolate Covered Liquid Cherries.
•k Super Extra Chocolate Covered Caramels. {Glu-
cose 20 per cent.)
Wilbur, H. O., and Sons, Philadelphia, Pa.
* Wilbur's VaniUa Chocolate Buds. {Extravagant
praise of flavor and general excellence.)
V
CANNED GOODS 1
THEEE are many popular fallacies and mmors
afloat regarding this class of food materials.
The name itself is unfortunate. Canned goods,
strictly speaking, include foods which are steril-
ized by heat only and kept in air tight containers,
whether they be tin cans or glass jars. For this
reason, only fruits, milks, vegetables, and soups
with their related products are treated in this
section.
Many confuse canned goods with preserves,
which represent quite a different class of products
such as jams, jellies, fruit syrups and catsups, aE
of which are combined with sugar and other condi-
ments or are otherwise compounded. The time
was when peas were colored with copper, green
corn was sweetened with saccharin, and preserv-
atives of various kinds, salicylic, benzoic, sulphur-
ous acids, and borax were used to aid the keeping
process. These evil practices have disappeared in
the case of true canned goods. Benzoate, borax
and saccharin and copper sulphate are tabooed.
1 For canned and dried fisli, and meats, see pages 122 and 150.
41
1001 TESTS
The main points to be considered are tlie quality
of the raw materials, the sanitary conditions of
manufacture, full weight and measure, and the
possible presence of tin, dissolved from the con-
tainer. On the first two points, chemical analysis
cannot throw much light. We can only base our
opinion upon inspection, taste, and general knowl-
edge of the standing of the firm concerned.
Net weight will soon be stated on all cans under
the law, and in this connection a slack fill must also
be considered, as obviously a can of tomatoes that
weighs two pounds, but is largely water, is not so
good as one that is a little under weight, but con-
tains more solids. Variations in weight will
occur in the output from the same factory, and
therefore the examination of a few samples may
be misleading. We are reporting, therefore, the
data obtained on the goods examined, for what
they are worth, and as a general guide to the
quality of the output of the several manufacturers
named. Three hundred milligrams of tin per
kilo (5 grains in 2.2 lbs.) are tolerated by official
regulation. We have not starred any product
which contained 200 milligrams or over, and in
most cases only very small amoimts are present.
Certain vegetables, such as asparagus, act upon
the container to a greater extent than others and
CANNED GOODS
will always be higher in tin. For some vegetables,
lacquered cans are used. Beets, especially, are
put up in this way; whereas in other cases (beans
and asparagus), the lacquer seems to affect the
flavor of the product and cannot so well be used.
The National Canner's Association has a
central laboratory, whose work is conducted by
chemists and bacteriologists formerly connected
with the Bureau of Chemistry, and every effort
is making to solve these problems in the canning
industry as rapidly as possible, with a view es-
pecially to the elimination of tin salts. Plainly,
it is with minor evils that we have to do in the can-
ning trade.
While I cannot agree with those who hold that
canned goods are better than fresh, the addition of
wholesome canned fruits and vegetables to the
dietary in Winter, and for the use of those who are
of necessity cut off from a fresh supply, is a
blessing of incalculable value and only attended
by a minimum of danger. In my opinion, it would
be a great step forward if the package should
carry not only the net weight, but also the date
of manufacture, so that goods could not be held
too long on the grocer's shelves. This is es-
pecially true in the case of condensed milk, and
such vegetables as asparagus, fish products, ber-
1001 TESTS
ries, etc., some of which are especially: apt to attack
the inner surface of the container.
Another difficulty in passing upon the output of
canned goods is that many of them are put up in
plain cans and handled by jobbers under their
own names, so that one cannot be sure that the
supply of any particular distributor will be uni-
form. The terms used to express different
grades of canned goods mean but little to the can-
ners and less to the consumer. The simplifica-
tion of the label in this regard, the abandonment
of such meaningless terms as "Superfine,"
"Extra QuaHty," "Early June, Extra Sifted,"
etc., and the presence of the date, the name of the
manufacturer and the true net-weight on each can,
would be a boon to the housekeeper and enable
her to buy more intelligently and permit of a
more accurate estimate of the various grades and
brands in relation to their price.
Notwithstanding these criticisms, which are
largely matters of labeling and distribution, the
canned goods supply can be given as large a
measure of approval as could be accorded to any
single class of food products. Increasing confi-
dence of the people in the quality of these steri-
lized products since the great body of manufac-
turers have become affiliated in a National As-
CANNED GOODS 45
sociation pledged to purity, wholesomeness, and
honesty of its products is strengthening the com-
mercial side of the canning industry and pro-
moting the efforts of food officials and hygienists
who are striving for the highest ideals in food
production.
FRUITS (SEE ALSO DRIED FRUITS)
(Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page zxriii for
details as to method of rating.)
TESTED FRUITS
Boyle, John, Compajay, Baltimore, Md.
(N) Strawberries, Victory Brand. {A plain can (not
lacquered), artificial color claimed, but none de-
tected. The proportion of liquid solids was too
high, though the whole can was over weight.)
Csdifornia Fruit Canner's Association, San Francisco,
Cal. (Packed for Park and TUford, New York
City.)
■k Apricots, Del Monte Brand Extra Quality.
* Cherries, Royal Anne, Del Monte Brand, Extra
Quality.
* Hawaiian Pineapple, Gold Leaf Extra, Sliced.
-k Logan Berries, Del Monte Brand Extra Quality.
* Peaches, Lemon Cling, Del Monte Brand, Extra
Quality.
46 1001 TESTS
"k Peaches, Yellow Free, Del Monte Brand Extra
Quality.
"k Pears, Bartlett, Del Monte Brand Extra Quality.
k Plums, Egg, Del Monte Brand Extra Quality.
"k Plums, Green Gage, Del Monte Brand Extra Qual-
ity.
Cobb Preserving Company, Fairport, N. Y.
"k White Cherries, Navy Brand. (Amount of liquid
slightly high in proportion to the fruit — 50 per
cent, of each. The can was over weight.)
Davies, K. M., and Company, Williamson, N. Y.
"k Red Raspberries, Williamson Brand. (Liquid
rather high in proportion to fruit (63 per cent,
of juice), total weight very good.)
Griffith-Durney Company, San Francisco, Calif.
if Apricots, California, Troubadour Brand.
k Bartlett Pears, California, Troubadour Brand.
k Cherries, Royal Anne, Troubadour Brand.
k Plums, Egg, California, Troubadour Brand.
•k Plums, Green Gage, Troubadour Brand.
Hawaiian Pineapple Company, Honolulu.
k Hawaiian Sliced Pineapple, Paradise Island
Brand.
Hunt Brothers, Haywood, Cal.
k Apricots.
k Bartlett Pears.
k Cherries, RoyaL
k Peaches.
^ CANNED G OODS 47
Lanning and Son, William, Bridgeton, N. J.
* Blackberries in Syrup, Silver Lake Brand.
* Pears, Silver Lake Brand.
Leggett, Francis H., and Company, New York, N. T.
* Premier Strained Cranberry Sauce.
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111.
* Bartlett Pears.
if Extra Lemon Cling Peaches.
if Sliced Hawaiian Pineapple.
MILK PRODUCTS, INFANT'S FOODS, ETC.
It often happens that infants are deprived of
their natural diet. i.e., the milk of a healthy mother.
There are also sometimes derangements of nutri-
tion in which case the child does not assimilate
normal food. To meet these conditions manufac-
turers and physicians have endeavored to supply
nutritious substitutes for the child's natural diet.
It is hardly necessary to say that none of these
efforts have met with complete success. There
is no so-called commercial "infant's food," that
can be recommended for general use. The anx-
ious mother vainly turns from one vaunted prepa-
ration to another to avoid diarrhea, or check the
loss of weight of a wasting child. Most of the
makers of infant foods recognize the fact that pure
milk, scientifically modified, is the best substitute
for mother's milk. The milk of the Holstein cow
is said to be particularly adapted to infant feed-
ing, by reason of its relatively lower content of
fat, and the smaller size of the fat globules, re-
sembling human milk more nearly in these par-
ticulars. Goat's milk, unfortunately not utilized
in this country, is probably better adapted to the
48
CANNED GOODS 49
infant's use than cow's milk, and the animal itself
is less prone to tuberculosis.
The wise physician, guided by the principles of
scientific dietetics, wiU endeavor by slight modifica-
tions of pure, clean, fresh milk, from healthy ani-
mals (usually effected by varying degrees of dilu-
tion, and the addition of milk sugar and lime water
and sometimes barley water), to determine the
diet best suited to the particular case. A large
percentage of the commercial infants' foods are
offered, not as complete foods, but as milk modi-
fiers. One of the virtues urged in their behalf is
the substitution of sugar and dextrin (made by
the action of enzymes on starch obtained from
cereal products) for the natural milk sugar or
lactose. It is difficult to believe that nature has
made a mistake in placing lactose instead of su-
crose, maltose or dextrin, in the milk of the mam-
mals. That infants often thrive on these substi-
tute sugars is an evidence of the ability even of
the babe to tolerate a strange envirojiment rather
than a proof of the waywardness of nature. It
is more logical to believe that lactose, the natural
milk sugar of little sweetness, is not only the nor-
mal, but also the best carbohydrate for the baby.
The infant's foods of commerce may be divided
into the following general classes :
50 1001 TESTS
1. Milk products (including condensed milk,
sweetened or unsweetened, the latter being known
as "evaporated" milk and dried milks).
2. Malted cereals.
3. Mixtures of malted cereals, with milk, im-
properly called "malted mUks."
4. Mixtures of sugar, malt, dextrose, dextrin,
eggs, etc.
The condensed milks are not offered exclusively
for infant's foods, but for gieneral nutrition, and
as a food for grown people, for use in coffee, for
convenience in traveling, camping, etc., and for
general use when fresh milk is not available or is
under suspicion, they afford a most valuable sub-
stitute. Nearly all labels and advertisements,
however, commend them for infant feeding.
Sweetened condensed milk, consisting as it does,
largely of sugar (often over 40 per cent.) should
never be used for infant feeding. This amount of
sugar imbalances the ration, increasing enor-
mously the proportion of carbohydrates and thus
tends to derange digestion and promote the undue
formation of fat, mistakenly hailed by the mother
as an indication of healthy nutrition. Growth,
firmness of flesh, color and animation are much
surer signs of successful feeding than is the
CANNED GOODS 61
"creased plumpness," so lauded by venders of in-
fant foods.
When traveling, or if a pure whole milk cannot
be secured, or in. bot climates where refrigerating
facilities are limited, the unsweetened condensed
milk, sometimes called "evaporated milk" may-
afford the second best choice. By reason of the
high temperatures required to sterilize and con-
dense the product, such milk undergoes marked
changes of character, which many medical authori-
ties consider affect its nutritive properties for in-
fants, the mineral ingredients especially being less
easily assimilated. Though this evidence is ques-
tioned by some, it is well to be on the safe side, and
while many infants thrive on a diet of condensed
milk others so fed have suffered from rickets and
other diseases of deranged assimilation.
Condensed milks are properly made from the
pure, clean, fresh milk of healthy cows. Prac-
tically much of it is made of milk from very un-
sanitary cows, and handled in unsanitary dairies.
There is no reason to believe that the milk in many
of the dairies is better than some of that sold in its
natural state. The evaporated product, however,
has the distinct advantage over ordinary market
milk, in so far as diseased germs and dirt are con-
62 1001 TESTS
cerned, that it is strained and sterilized in the con-
densaries ; the sweetened product is not sterile.
According to the official standards, condensed
milk contains not less than 28 per cent, of solids
and of these 7.7 per cent, is fat. Subsequent un-
warranted modification of the standard required
that the sum of total solids and fat should be 34.3
per cent., of which 7.8 should be fat. Many of the
condensed milks on the market fell even below
this. But although these standards represented
minimum requirements for total solids and fat,
there has been a long continued attempt on the
part of many manufacturers to have them lowered
still further. Success has crowned their efforts
and the last Decision (No. 158) issued April 2,
1915, calls for only 25.5 per cent, of total solids !
The claim has been persistently made that it was
impracticable to condense milks to the degree
first required, namely, 28 per cent, of solids, by
reason of the fact that the organic salts present in
milk, mostly compounds with citric acid, would
crystallize out and form a sandy, gritty deposit
objectionable to the consumer. Also the argument
is made that when condensed milks are made from
whole milk containing 4 per cent, of fat (although
this is about the general average) the required to-
tal solids should be lower, since it is claimed to be
CANNED GOODS 63
difiScult to keep the "excessive quantity" of fat
from separating and forming a kind of thick
cream. In my opinion both of these contentions
are without foundation, and this view is borne out
by the sample of the imported evaporated milk
which we have examined, which contains about
one-third more total solids and fat than is required
by the minimum standards of this country. If a
manufacturer in Switzerland can produce a very
satisfactory product containing over 33 per cent,
of solids and 9% per cent, of fat, an American
manufacturer should not grumble because he is re-
quired to have 28 per cent, of solids and about 7.7
per cent, of fat. Moreover, the physical appear-
ance of the imported sample was most excellent,
being soft, creamy, devoid of grit, and showing no
evidences of the separation of fat. It is more
probable that the separation referred to is due to
long keeping, and not to an excessive condensation.
Evaporated milks should be distributed in such a
manner that they will not remain too long upon
the shelves of the dealers.
Skimmed milk cannot be advised for infants,
and evaporated milks, especially milks recom-
mended for infant feeding, should be held strictly
up to the standard for total solids and fat. Dried
64 1001 TESTS
milk or milk powder differs from condensed milk in
being almost free from moisture. It lias all the
faults and virtues of condensed milk and may serve
a most useful purpose when the fresh product can-
not he obtained.
When cereals, wheat, rye, barley, etc., are finely
ground and made into a paste by the admixture of
water at a high temperature, they are readily acted
on by malt which renders the starch soluble, chang-
ing it into sugars (maltose and dextrose), and into
dextrin. The infant utilizes starch only with diffi-
culty and this process makes it more easily di-
gestible. No normal infant at its mother's breast,
however, requires food of this kind. Nature is
the safest guide, and if such preparations have any
value, it is only in abnormal conditions. The use
of simply modified milk, as previously described,
up to the sixth month, and the gradual introduction
of cereal gruels, fruit juices, etc., after that time
is in general a procedure to be preferred to the use
of so-called "infants' foods."
Malted milks represent a large class of mis-
branded products, consisting really of a certain
amount of milk mixed with malted cereals, the lat-
ter usually forming the principal part of the
product. They are nutritious and convenient
materials for grown persons, and some invalids,
CANNED GOODS 65
but are too high in carbohydrates (starches, and
sugars) foreign to an infant's natural food to be
especially adapted to this purpose. Often the per-
centage of fat is so low as to indicate that even the
small amount of milk present was skimmed milk.
Special comment on the samples of these classes
of infant's foods examined will be found in connec-
tion with the respective products.
TESTED MILK PEODUCTS, INFANT'S FOODS,
ETC.
{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (,2f) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
{D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
American Druggist's Syndicate.
(N) A. D. S. Malted Milk. {A good malted milk but
extravagant claims as to quality and being "The
best of all foods for infants and invalids" are
unwarranted.)
Aurora Condensed Milk Company, Rotterdam, Holland.
•k Sweetened Condensed milk. (Most excellent
product, about % higher in milk solids and fat
than the American output.)
Berna Milk Company, Thoune, Switzerland.
•k Condensed Swiss Milk, sweetened with sugar.
{About Ya higher in milk solids and fat than
the American samples. Claim "Absolutely
66 1001 TESTS
Pure" and directions for infant feeding, ob-
jectiondble, hut product is not especially rec-
ommended for this purpose.)
Bernese Alps Milk Company, Switzerland.
"k Evaporated unsweetened Swiss milk. (A most
excellent product, fully y^ higher in solids and
fat than our best American products. Claim
"Can be used as an excellent cream" objection-
able, as it has only half the butter fat of a true
cream.)
Borden's Condensed Milk Company, New York, N. Y.
(N) Condensed Milk, The Gail Borden Eagle Brand.
{A most excellent sweetened milk for general
use; not starred solely because of extravagant
cla/ims for its special suitability for infants'
feeding, for which use it is deemed most ob-
jectionable, as it contains over 40 per cent, of
sucrose, an element not found at all in the in-
fants' normal food.)
■k Evaporated Milk, Borden's Peerless (pound cans).
(N) Evaporated Milk, Borden's Peerless (six ounce
can). {The large cans were of excellent com-
position, but two samples of the small cans,
same brand, were low both in solids and fat.
May ha/ve been accidental.)
"k Evaporated Milk, Unsweetened, St. Charles Brand.
•k Malted Milk, Borden's. (A whole milk mixed
with mxilted cereals; an excellent and nutritious
CANNED GOODS 57
food for adults hut not suitable for infant feed-
ing in general as claimed, and not approved
for this purpose. Much less objectionable than
the sweetened condensed milk for this pur-
pose.)
Denmark Condensed Milk Company, Denmark, Wis.
(N) Danish Prize Evaporated Milk. {Not sufficiently
condensed. Exaggerated claims made for qual-
ity. It is not the "leading brand of the
world.")
Helvetia Milk Condensing Company, Highland, 111.
* Our Pet Brand Unsweetened, Sterilized, Evapo-
rated Milk.
Hires Condensed Milk Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
(N) Hires Condensed Milk. {Milk sufficiently con-
densed, hut either a product low in fat was used
or it was partly skim/med; should he labeled
"Sweetened," contains about 45 per cent, of
sugar.)
Horlick's Malted Milk Company, Eacine, Wis.
* Horlick's Malted Milk. {See Borden's.)
Imperial Granum Company, New Haven, Connecticut.
(D) Imperial Granum — The Great Prepared Food.
{Practically a partially roasted flour. Exag-
gerated claims as to its value as a food for in-
fants and invalids. Especially does it contain
too much starch for an infant's food.)
58 1001 TESTS
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, Illinois.
* Condensed Milk, Sweetened. (Contains about 44
per cent, of sucrose. No reference found to in-
fant feeding.)
■k Evaporated Milk, Sterilized, Unsweetened. {A
good whole milk, condensation complies with
present standard. Six samples averaged 7.7 per
cent, of fat (7.8 required) and about 26 of sol-
ids.)
Mead, Johnson and Company, Jersey City, N. J.
(N) Mead's Dextri-Maltose — ^Malt Sugar. (Essen-
tially a mixture of dextrin and maltose, pre-
pared by enzymio action, not considered a de-
sirable substitute for lactose in modifying milk
for infant feeding in normal conditions.)
Mellin's Food Company, Boston, Mass.
(N) MeUin's Food. (A dried malt extract from wheat
and barley, mostly maltose with some dextrin.
Superior to some infant's foods, in that it does
not contam starch, but it is not a "true substiy
tute for mother's milk," even when combined
with milk as recommended.)
Merrell Soule Company, Syracuse, N. Y.
(D) Klim. (This is really a dried skimmed milk for
cooking purposes, contains only 0.21 per cent,
of fat, while a similar whole milk preparation
would contain 30 per cent. This is milk spelled
backwards in more ways than one; claim "For
CANNED GOODS 59
all cooking where milk is needed" not war-
ranted.)
Mohawk Condensed Milk Company, New York, N. Y.
(N) Sweet Clover Brand, Sweetened Condensed Milk,
{A good product containing standard amounts
of fat and solids but is nearly half sucrose
and still claims to he the "most perfect sub-
stitute for mother's milk," which contains
none.)
Nestl6, Henri, 99 Chambers Street, New York, N. Y.
(N) Nestle 's Food. (Contains some starch tut has a
good content of fat, protein, and soluble carbo-
hydrates. Not a "perfect nutriment for in-
fants" as claimed.)
Pacific Coast Condensed Milk Company, Seattle, Wash.
■k Carnation Brand Sterilized Evaporated Milk.
(Made of whole milk and sufficiently condensed
under present standards, with a good fat content.
Extravagant claims as to quality.)
Patch, The E. L,, Company, Boston, Mass.
* Patch's Powdered Sugar of Milk. (A pure lactose
or milk sugar for modifying the milk for feed-
ing of infants.)
Smith, Kline and French, Philadelphia, Pa.
(N) Eskay's Albnmenized Food. (Contains too much
starch to be used for am infant's food. Claim
that it is " albumenized," and is the "most nu-
60 1001 TESTS
tritious, most paiatable food upon the market,"
not warranted as protein is low.)
Thompson's Malted Food Co., "Waukesha, Wis.
(N) Thompson's Food Peptonized. (Compares well
with other prepared hdby foods but is not a
"true substitute for mother's miW nor are the
elements present "in almost like proportions."
Much less fat and much more carbohydrates than
in milk.)
(N) Thompson's Hemo. (Special claims not war-
ranted by composition. A good malted milk
product but no more protein found than in a
straight malted milk despite claims as to "beef
peptones." Amounts of iron and hemo-globin
indicated also extremely small. There are no
"blood building" and "nerve restoring" foods
as such.)
(N) Thompson's Malted Milk. (Lower in protein than
other good malted milks though "double malt-
ing" is claimed. Not superior to other brands
and not to be chosen for infant feeding under
normal conditions.)
Van Camp Packing Compzmy, The, Indianapolis, Ind.
if Evaporated Milk, Sterilized, uncolored, unsweet-
ened. (Not "a perfect food for infants" as
claimed.)
SOUPS, EXTRACTS, BOUILLON CUBES, ETC.
No soups are high in nutritive value as they con-
tain so large a percentage of water, but they have a
dietetic value notwithstanding. The soups ap-
proved by chemical analysis, odor, flavor and con-
dition of the can gave evidence of having been
prepared in a sanitary way from good materials,
but the highest rating was not accorded these
products because it is impossible to determine defi-
nitely from such inspection the quality of the raw
materials used.
The meat extracts and bouillon cubes have been
included in connection with the soups, for con-
venience, though, of course, they are not, strictly
speaking, canned goods. It cannot be too often
repeated that neither a meat extract nor a beef
cube represents concentrated nourishment. On
the contrary, the bouillon cubes especially contain
large amounts of salt and the nitrogenous princi-
ples present are stimulative rather than nutritious.
Por flavoring a cup of hot water, to take the place
of a clear consomme, or to be used in the kitchen
for flavoring purposes, they are useful and con-
61
62 1001 TESTS
venient. They should never be depended upon for
a child's luncheon or for nourishment for an in-
valid.
TESTED SOUPS, EXTRACTS, BOUILLON
CUBES, ETC.
Armour and Company, Chicago, Illinois.
* Extract of Beef.
(N) Bouillon Cubes. (Salt high — 67 per cent., claims
mildly objectionable, not a "satisfying substi-
tute for a heavy lunch," etc.)
Beardsley's Sons, J. W., New York, N. Y.
(N) Vegex, A vegetable extract. (A yeast extract of
good odor and flavor containing 35 per cent, of
nitrogenous material, not all of which however
is protein. Value is stimulative rather than
nutritive, as in all such products.
Bumham, E. L., Company, New York, N. Y.
* Clam Bouillon. {Not "highly" concentrated as
claimed.)
Campbell, Joseph, Company, Camden, N. J.
■Ar Condensed Soup, Asparagus.
•k Condensed Soup, Beef.
:*r Condensed Soup, Bouillon.
•k Condensed Soup, Celery.
•k Condensed Soup, Chicken.
CANNED GOODS
"k Condensed Soup, Chicken Gumbo.
ic Condensed Soup, Clam Chowder.
"k Condensed Soup, Consomme.
"k Condensed Soup, Julienne.
•k Condensed Soup, MuUigatawny.
* Campbell's Mock Turtle Soup.
k Condensed Soup, Mutton Broth.
k Campbell's Ox Tail Soup,
k Condensed Soup, Pea.
k Condensed Soup, Printanier,
k Condensed Soup, Tomato Okra.
k Condensed Soup, Tomato.
k Condensed Soup, Vegetable.
k Condensed Soup, Vermicelli.
Cudahy Packing Company, South Omaha, Nebr.
(N) Extract of Beef. {Not "the best" though it has
a good nitrogen content — coagidahle nitrogen
not in extract at all — finished product does not
"represent about 45 lbs. of lean meat to 1 pound
of solid extract/' in nutritive value.)
Franco-American Food Company, Jersey City, N. Yr
* Clear Oxtail Soup.
k Puree of Tomato.
k Clear Vegetable Soup.
Hoyt, W. M., Company, Chicago, Illinois.
k Yours Truly Condensed Tomato Soup.
Knorr, C. H., Germany.
(N) Barley, Knorr Soup. {Solid soup tablets; con-
64 1001 TESTS
venient and wholesome, serving a useful pur-
pose for campers, etc., hut lacking in flavor and
appetising odor; houUlon cubes about like Steero
— no false nutrition cla4m^, statement applies
to whole output.)
"k Bouillon Consomme.
(N) Cabbage.
(N) Egg Quodlibet.
(N) Green Pea.
(N) YeUow Pea.
(N) Mock Turtle.
■ (N) Mushroom.
(N) Mutton Broth.
(N) Onion.
(N) Oxtail.
(N) Petite Marmite.
(N) Potato.
(N) Regina.
(N) Tapioca Julienne.
(N) Tomato.
Libby, McNeill and Libby.
* Concentrated Oxtail Soup.
"k Concentrated Tomato Soup.
"k Concentrated Vegetable Soup.
Liebig's Extract of Meat Company, London.
* Liebig's Extract of Meat. {An excellent product
criticised solely because of advertisements
advocating its addition to milk for children;
CANNED GOODS 65
claims as to increasing the assimilation of
milk, etc., deemed mast misleading and iindesir-
dble.)
(N) Liebig Company's 0X0 Bouillon Cubes. (Cor-
neille David and Company, Distributors, New
York, N. Y.) {Claims "strengthening" "a
meal in a mdnute," etc., misleading, although
composition is good for this class of products.)
National Pure Food Company, 149 Broadway, New
York, N. Y.
(N) Puro Soup — Beef. {Powdered — same comment
as on Knorr's.)
(N) Puro Soup — Chicken.
(N) Puro Soup — Green Turtle.
(N) Puro Soup — ^Lentil.
(N) Puro Soup — ^Vegetable.
Richardson and Robbins, Dover, Delaware.
* Chicken Soup.
Royal Specialty Cranpany.
* Anker's Bouillon Capsules.
Schieffelin and Company, New York, N. Y.
* Steero Bouillon Cubes. (Very good composition —
nutrition claims withdrawn, salt content rela-
tively moderate and presence declared on
label.')
66 1001 TESTS
TESTED CANNED VEGETABLES
Austin-Nichols and Company, New Tork, N. Y.
ir Asparagus, Sun Beam Pure Food, California.
"k Beans, Lima Scottish Chief Green, Extra.
■*■ Beans, Refugee Broadway Brand. {Slightly slack
fill, 11.5 oz. solids found, 13 required.)
•k Corn, Republic Sugar.
* Corn, Scottish Chief Sweet.
"k Peas, Scottish Chief Sifted Early June.
k Peas, Republic Sifted Early June.
Boyle, John, Company, Baltimore, Md.
k Spinach, Victory Brand Early Garden,
k Spinach, Glenmore Early Pall.
k String Beans, Victory Brand.
k Tomatoes, Glenmore Brand.
Brakeley, Joseph, Inc., Freehold, N. J.
k Beans, Lima, Sinclare Brand.
California Fruit Canners' Association, San Francisco,
Cal.
k Asparagus Tips, Del Monte Green.
:*: Asparagus, Del Monte Brand Extra Quality Co-
lossal Green.
Cresca Company, New York, N. Y. (Packed in France.)
k Artichokes, Cresca, "Whole French Natural.
k Artichoke Bottoms, Cresca Extra. (Tendency to
short weight.)
k Mushrooms, Cresca Stuffed.
k Mushrooms, Powdered.
CANNED GOODS 6T
DeGroff, Lewis, and Son, New York, N. Y.
•A: Peas, Health Brand Sifted Early June.
"k Com, Health Brand Food Products, Sweet.
"k Spinach, Good Honest Brand.
(N) Stringless Beans, Good Honest Brand. (Slack
fill — 11 OS. solids, 13 oz. called for.)
Dunbar, G. W., Sons Company, New Orleans, La.
•k Okra and Tomatoes, Fresh.
Frederick City Packing Company, Frederick City, Md.
•k Succotash, Pride of the Valley.
Green Bay Canning Company, Green Bay, Wis.
* Beets, Lazarre Brand Blood Red, Table. (For-
merly disapproved because of high tin content
due to, use of plain can. Betest showed lac-
quered can and low tin content. Product much
improved.)
Greenhut-Siegel Cooper Company, New York, N. Y.
* Corn, Milford Brand Extra Standard Tender
Creamy Sweet.
Haserot Canneries Company, The, Cleveland, Ohio.
* Kornlet.
Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.
* Pork and Beans, Oven Baked. (Not enough pork
to warrant name.)
k Beans, Baked with Pork and Tomato Sauce.
* Beans, Baked in Tomato Sauce without Pork.
* Kidney Beans, Baked.
68 1001 TESTS
Illinois Canning Company, The, Hoopeston, HI.
•k Kidney Beans, Joan of Arc.
Koenig and Schuster, New York, N. Y.
* Lima Beans, Queen Tiny.
Leggett, Francis H., and Company, New York, N. Y.
* Beans, Nabob Lima.
"k Corn, Premier Brand.
■k Peas, Premier Eun of the Garden. {Betest showed
a satisfactory fill.)
(N) Spinach. Nabob. (Slack fill — about twice the
amount of water necessary. Tin rather high.) ,
Liss, George and Company, New York, N. Y.
* Peas, The Highwood Extra Sifted Early June.
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago^ HI.
•k Asparagus, Special Extra.
k Asparagus, California.
* Pork and Beans. (Tendency to short weight; too
little pork to justify name.)
k Pork and Beans, with Tomato Sauce. ^{Too little
pork to justify name.)
k Sauer Kraut, Hanover Brand.
Mcllhenny Company, Avery Island, La.
* Tabasco Brand Whole Okra.
Middendorf and Rohrs, New York, N. Y.
* Lima Beans, Fairfield Brand.
k Lima Beans, Dellf ord Brand Tiny.
k Lima Beans, Nectar Brand Green.
k Beets, Fairfield Brand.
CANNED GOODS 69^
Numsen, William and Sons, Inc., Baltimore, Md., and
Benesso, 111.
(D) Pumpkin, Clipper Brand. {Tin too high, over
1000 mg.)
North Maine Packing Company, Corinna, Maine.
ir Lentils, Royal Brand Finest Quality, Imported,
in Tomato Sauce.
Olney, Burt, Canning Company, Oneida, N. T.
ir Beans, Refugee. (Product improved. Betest
showed very low tin content hut relative amount
of liquid is still rather high.)
•k Beets, Garden.
* Corn, Sweet, Baby Kernel.
* Peas, Burt Olney 's Sifted Early June.
-k Spinach, Gasden.
Phillips Packing Company, Cambridge, Md,
* Peas, Golden Rule Brand, Early June.
Seaman Brothers, New York, N. Y.
* Corn, White Rose Brand.
* Peas, White Rose Brand Sweet Wrinkled.
if Peas, Savoy Brand.
-k Spinach, White Rose Brand Fancy Cleansed.
(Tendency to short weight tut a good fill.)
(N) String Beans, Checker Brand. (Slack fiU— 11
oz. of solids found, 13 oz. called for.)
* Succotash, Warfield Brand.
70 1001 TESTS
Sills, John S., and Sons, New York, N. Y.
]Ar Corn, Epicure Sugar.
•k Peas, Epicure Early Sifted. (Formerly short
weight and too much water; retest showed full
weight with liquids still slightly in excess.)
•k Tomatoes, Liberty Brand.
Twitchell-Champlin Co., Portland, Maine, and Boston,
(D) Hatchet Brand Lima Beans. {Sub-label, "Packed
from dried California lima beans," but picture
of green pods on label is misleading, and it is
not permissible to correct a wrong label by a
sub-label. Should be called "Hatchet Brand,
Soaked Dried Lima Beans." Wholesome, but
inferior to green product and it is a question-
able procedure economically, to can dried
beans.)
Van Camp Packing Company, The, Indianapolis, In-
diana.
"k Hominy, Van Camp's Hulled Corn.
•k Pork and Beans, prepared with tomato sauee.
{Too little pork.)
■A" Pork and Beans, Plain. {Too little pork.)
Webster, Fred L., Adams, New York.
k Spinach, Webster's Brand Cultivated.
White, John F., Mt. Morris, N. Y.
•k Sweet Corn, Sweet Violet Brand, Choicest.
Williams, R. C, and Company, New York, N. Y.
:*r Com, Boyal Scarlet, Evergreen.
CANNED GOODS 71
* Peas, Royal Scarlet, Early Sweet.
"k Spinach, Robin Hood Brand.
(D) String Beans, Economy Brand Refugee. {Nearly
^2 water. Very slack fill.)
VI
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS
BEEAKFAST FOODS
MANY are the letters received in regard to the
cereal breakfast foods, especially for chil-
dren's use. One mother writes me: "Two small
youngsters are anxiously awaiting your opinion in
regard to their favorite shredded wheat, grape
nuts, and post toasties." With few exceptions, a
general statement will serve to give the facts in
regard to all of the leading brands of cereal
products and breakfast foods sold in packages.
They are nutritious, cleanly products, contain-
ing the greater part of the nutriment of the
grain and in some cases all of it. They are put
up in a sanitary package and are convenient,
and afford variety. You do not get anywhere
near as much nutrition for the same amount
of money as when you buy the simple grains, such
as whole wheat, cornmeal, oatmeal, etc., in bulk.
If you realize this, however, and are willing to pay
for the convenience and variety, there is no reason
why they should not be used. The xjommeal and
72
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 73
oatmeal are somewhat heavy and heating, so that
unless a person is doing heavy, physical work, it
might be well to use a less concentrated food. The
whole wheat and the old fashioned oatmeal and
cornmeal can never be surpassed or equaled as
wholesome economic foods, giving the greatest
amount of nutriment for the smallest amount of
money. It must be remembered that the amount
of nutrition present is not the only point involved
in wholesomeness and the coarser form of the
natural grains and the presence of bran have a
beneficial effect upon the bowels as well as furnish-
ing additional mineral ingredients.
The processing of foods by "predigesting" and
grinding, in my opinion, renders them relatively
less wholesome though not less nutritious, inas-
much as performing the work of the teeth and the
digestive organs for them decreases their activity
and in time affects their functioning if it is car-
ried too far. Nevertheless, the moderate use of
the package cereals is an undoubted boon under
our present conditions of life and they may fill a
valuable and convenient place in the dietary, if not
used exclusively.
The most serious ch'arge to be brought against
package cereals is the exaggerated claims made
for their nutritive value. One becomes confused
74 1001 TESTS
among so many products, each one of wMcli is "the
richest in nourishment," "the most easily di-
gested, even by chronic invalids," "immediately
converted into muscle and brain activity," etc., etc.
Oatmeal is the heaviest of cereals and still so excel-
lent a brand as Hornby's Steam Cooked Oatmeal
claims to be "Good for invalids and those with
weak stomachs," merely because it is thoroughly
cooked.
' * The road to WeUville" is to be traveled by eat-
ing Grape Nuts, a meaningless name applied to a
mixture of cooked barley and wheat. The an-
alysis of this product shows it to contain a very
fair amount of protein, about 11 per cent., with an
equal amount of sugar, and no more mineral in-
gredients than any wheat and barley mixture
should have. There are no "brain foods" as
such. It is a great pity for these products
to be burdened with such senseless exaggerations
as to leave the consumer in the dark as to the rela-
tive merits of different grains and the special con-
ditions under which they should be used.
TESTED BREAKFAST FOODS
{Starred products {-k) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a
nonoommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
{D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 75
Cream of Wheat Company, Minneapolis, Minn.
•k Cream of Wheat. {Germ and iran of the wheat
removed, a good product, hut only the "mid-
dlings," name somewhat misleading.)
Farewell and Rhines, Watertown, N. Y.
(N) Barley Crystals. (Name meaningless. The whole
grains are represented to be irritating and un-
desirable, giving a false impression.)
(N) Cresco Grits. (Claims to be "virtually free from
bran or germ," "the fermenting elements of
grain," misleading, as the whole grain is a
better "waste repairing food.")
Five Kernels Food Company, The, Detroit, Michigan.
(N) The Five Pood Kernels. {A mixture of different
graAns. Contains less nutriment than a good
oatmeal, less mineral than a whole wheat.
Over burdened with such claims as this, "A
more strengthening food than meat and po-
tatoes," etc.)
H. O. Company, The, Buffalo, N. Y.
•k Hornby's Steam Cooked Oatmeal.
(N) Force. {Good product; bad claims; not espe-
cially "good for indigestion"; amount of "bar-
ley malt" used would not add any notable di-
gestive properties; "No other cereal is as nu-
tritious," misleading.)
76 1001 TESTS
Hygienic Food Company, Battle Creek, Michigan.
* Mapl-Flake Brand Whole Wheat Toasted.
{Probably made from a soft wheat as indicated
by comparatively low nitrogen and high ash.
A good product but rather over-burdened with
claims.)
Jireh Diabetic Food Company, New York, N. Y.
(D) Jireh Diatetic Wheat Nuts. {Contains 50 per
cent, of starch; claims to be a correct diet for
diabetes, gout, rheumatism, etc., starch too high,
and statement "proper proportion of carbohy-
drates" is evasive; amounts should be stated
for protection of patient. Value of the change
made in the starch is problematic.)
Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company, Battle Creek,
Michigan.
■A: Kellogg 's Toasted Com Flakes.
•k Toasted Wheat Biscuit. {Claims as to special
process and retaining all of the vital elements
of the whole wheat are somewhat overdrawn.
Probably extra bran added.)
National Oats Company, St. Louis, Mo.
* National Oats. {Slightly exaggerated claims as
to special nutritive value.)
Postum Cereal Company, Battle Creek, Mich.
* Post -Toasties.
(N) Grape Nuts. {Claims as to nutritive value ex-
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 77
aggerated; not a hrain or nerve food in any
special sense, name misleading.)
Quaker Oats Company, Chicago, 111.
* Quaker Puffed Wheat.
(N) Quaker Toasted Corn Flakes. '{Good but not the
whole grain. Claims "We retain all the val-
uable health and strength giving elements," hut
is largely starchy part of corn; minerals and
proteins low.)
-k Quaker Puffed Rice. {Slightly exaggerated state-
ments as to ease of digestion and ossimMation.
Recommended for dyspeptics, delicate children,
etc.)
if Quaker Rolled "White Oats. {Excellent product
for which exaggerated claims are made. Is not
"The best oat meal made." Others are as
good. Is not "better in quality and flavor than
any cereal food made.")
•k Fancy Grits, Granulated Hominy.
Ralston Purina Company, St. Louis, Mo.
* Ralston Wheat Food.
Seaboard Rice Milling Company, Galveston, Texas.
* Cereal, Comet Brand.
Seaman Brothers, New York, N. Y.
* White Rose Brand Hominy.
Shredded Wheat Company, Niagara Falls, N. Y.
-k Shredded Wheat. {Truly the whole wheat'.)
78 1001 TESTS
Tyler, Byron, Kansas City, Missouri.
(N) Raw Food. (A mixture of ground wheat, ground
nuts, whole raisins and oU, the latter some-
what rancid. A product not adapted to gen-
eral merchandising, and most extravagant
claim^s made as to the effects and desirdbUity
of raw food.)
Uncle Sam Breakfast Food Company, Omaha, Ne-
braska.
(N) Uncle Sam Health Food. {A mixture of flaked
wheat and ground flaxseed, flavored with salt
and a trace of celery seed. A nutritious mix-
ture, 19 per cent, fat, and 20 per cent, protein,
having laxative value, hut we doubt the advisa-
bility of eating flaxseed in this quantity {about
half) every day, as advised. Former extrava-
gant claims have been much moderated.)
United Cereal Mills Ltd., Quincy, 111.
•k Washington Crisps.
Wheatena Company, The, Rahway, N. J.
ic Wheatena.
FLOURS, MEALS, AND BRANS
The main points to be considered in regard to a
flour are that it should not be bleached by poison-
ous chemicals to produce an unnatural whiteness
(and in attaining this ideal the housekeeper can
help much by increasing the demand for the
creamy loaf, instead of the one that is unnaturally
white) , the presence of the proper amount of nitro-
gen and mineral ingredients, fair weight and
agreement with the label. More expensive flours
such as buckwheat and rye are sometimes adulter-
ated with others costing less. It is only the patent
or the white flours, of course, which are bleached.
In regard to the graham or whole wheat flours,
there is much confusion and much difficulty in get-
ting the true article. The trade, almost without
exception, understands an "entire wheat" flour
to be a flour between the patent and the graham,
that is to say, some of the bran has been removed
and it is more fimely ground than the graham but
coarser than the white. It is an intermediate
product. Plainly this is an established trade mis-
nomer, as the flour of the "entire wheat" should be
just that, the entire wheat unbolted — and should
19
80 1001 TESTS
be the same as a true graham flour. Graham flour
is not only brovm in color, consisting of the whole
wheat, including the bran with its additional pro-
tein and mineral ingredients, but it is an unbolted,
coarsely ground product, which has a health value,
in its effect upon the intestines apart from the
question of nutrition. Here we have a funda-
mental diffictdty involving long established trade
conditions. The flour is separated into many dif-
ferent portions in the mill and the tendency is to
reassemble the different products of the mill and
combine them, giving many different grades of so-
called graham flour, instead of coarsely grinding
the unbolted whole grain as should be done. Of
course, one may artificially make up a graham flour
that win closely approach the composition of the
true article, but it is easy to see how many varia-
tions will occur under these conditions, and too
often excessive amounts of bran and low grade
flour are combined to pass as graham or "whole
wheat." The graham flours which have been
starred in the following list are of high ash (min-
eral) and nitrogen content and comply with the
standard for a true graham.
The two other classes of products calling for
comment are the so-called self -rising flours and the
gluten flours. The self-rising mixtures contain
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 81
more baking powder than is found necessary in
home practice, which, in my opinion, is objection-
able, and yon pay, of course, for the convenience
of having some one add the baking powder and
mix your flours. I cannot look with much favor
upon any mixed foods. The claims made for
them are usually overstated and you pay a pre-
mium for the slight convenience afforded. They
cannot be said to be objectionable, however, ex-
cept on this score and because of the increased
amount of baking powder present. Knowing
these facts the housekeeper must make her choice.
The so-called gluten flours, from which all or a
large part of the starch is supposed to have been
removed to fit them especially for diabetics and
others who cannot readily digest starch, have been
much abused in labeling and the buyer has been led
to believe that the product was virtually free from
starch, when such is not the case. Labels should
be carefully read and the amount of starch present
should be declared on them to protect diabetics and
those whose starch supply must be carefully con-
trolled.
TESTED FLOURS, MEALS, AND BRANS
(Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
1001 TESTS
Christian Company, The, New York City.
(D) Vieno Bran. {"Nature's remedy for constipa-
tion, stomach and intestinal trouble" mislead-
ing. In abnormal conditions of stomach and
intestines it might be irritating. Good for con-
stipation, but better to take bran as found tn
the whole grain, rather than to use it for medur
cation in large quantities.)
'(N) Vieno-Self-Baising Bran Meal. {Not sufficient
nitrogen and mineral ingredients for a first-
class bran meal; not enough leavening to be
called self-raising.)
Davis Milling Company, St. Joseph, Mo.
■k Aunt Jemima's Brand Pancake Flour, Self Ris-
ing. {Bather extravagamt claims and more bak-
ing powder than is necessary.)
Duluth Superior Milling Cohipany, Superior, Wis-
consin.
•k Duluth Imperial Patent Flour.
Ekenberg Company, Cortland, N. Y.
■k Teco Brand Self-Rising Mixture of Buckwheat,
"Wheat and Com Flour with Malted Buttermilk.
{More baking powder present than is desirable.
Claims as to economy on account of small
amount of malted buttermilk present are not
well founded.)
if Teco Brand Self-Rising Pancake Flour, a mix-
ture of Malted Buttermilk (powdered) with
wheat and com flour. {More baking powder
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 83
present than desirable. Amount of huttermUk
relatively small.)
•k Teeo Brand Buttermilk Boston Brown Bread
Flour. (Amount of taking, powder present
rather large. Value a/nd economy of added
huttermUk are overrated.)
Farwell and Rhines, Watertown, N. T.
* Pure "Wheat Product — Cresco Flour.
■k Pure Wheat Product — Gluten Flour.
Forest Home Farm, Purcellville, Va.
* Forest Home Corn Meal.
Franklin Mills Company, Batavia, N. Y.
* Franklin Mills Flour. A fine flour, of the entire
wheat -with a part of the bran removed. {Not
a true graham — a typical commercial "entire
wheat" truthfully labeled.)
Greenhut-Siegel Cooper Company, New York, N. Y.
* Fountain Brand Whole Wheat Flour. {A little
of coarser bran removed as indicated by a
rather low ash content; nitrogen goodr—a high
grade wheat.)
•k Fountain Brand Patent Flour.
Hecker Cereal Company, New York City.
* Hecker 's Pure White Wheat Graham Flour. {Ash
content {mineral ingredients, due to hran)
good, but nitrogen rather low.)
1001 TESTS
Hecker- Jones- Jewell, Milling Company.
'k Superlative Self-Raising Flour Compound.
{SUghtly short weight; amount of baking pow-
der moderate for a self-raising flour. A good
wheat flour unmixed with other grains.)
Igleheart Brothers, Evansville, Indiana.
"k Swans Down Prepared Cake Flour. {A white
flour low in nitrogen and gluten and so better
adapted to cake making tha/rv bread making.
Yields a less nutritious but more delicate
product. Revision of label has much improved
claims previously made.)
•k Swans Down Cracked Wheat.
Jireh Diabetic Food Company, New York, N. Y'.
(D) Jireh Flour.
(D) Jireh Diabetic Patent Barley. (Claim special
value for diabetics; 60 per cent, and 67 per
cent, of starch respectively present; mislead-
ing and might be dangerous.)
Johnson Educator Food Company, Boston, Mass.
(N) Educator Packed Whole Wheat Flour. (Nitro-
gen and ash figures are too low for a true whole
wheat. Either a little bran removed or the
wheat was not so "high grade" as claimed.)
•k Educator Packed Cold Ground New Process Rye
Meal. (A good product but slightly short
weight.)
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 85
Knox-Crutchfield, Richmond, Va.
* Pamunkey Mills Old Virginia Cornmeal.
Northern Light Milling Company, Owatomna, Min-
nesota.
"k Northern Light Brand Compound Self -rising Buck-
wheat Flour and Wheat Flour. (Large amount
of phosphate baking powder. Product said to
he "-The hest ever used or money refunded.")
Northwestern Consolidated Milling Company, Min-
neapolis, Minn.
"k Ceresota Flour. (A good patent flour, but claims
that it makes more bread to the barrel and is
more nutritious than other patent flours, are un-
warranted.)
Pillsbury Flour Mills Company, Minneapolis, Minn.
• Pillsbury 's Flour Best XXXX.
Purina Mills, St. Louis, Mo.
if Purina "Whole Wheat Flour. (A commercial, so-
called "entire wheat" from which the bran has
been partially removed, as stated on label.
Not a true graham. A medium flour between
the patent and the true "whole wheat.")
Roman Meal Company, Tacoma, U. S. A.
(D) Roman Meal. {Product consists largely of bran,
some ground wheat, and probably rye and a
small quantity of flaxseed; Claims — to "cure
constipation" and "is the most nourishing food
sold" as well; to contain "Flaxose, a secret
86 1001 TESTS
preparation hy which pure ground flax is
partly digested and deprived entirely of its
disagreeable odor and taste," etc. Claims ex-
travagant, though product is nutritious and
would tend to prevent constipation.)
Russell-Miller Company, Minneapolis, Minn.
"k Occident Flour. (A first-class patent flour hut
does not make "a better bread than that from
any other flour" as claimed.)
Potter and Wrightington, Boston, Mass.
,(D) Old Grist Mill Brand Flour, for health bread.
(Exaggerated claims: Not a remedy for dys-
pepsia; apoplexy, Bright 's disease, etc., not
due to white bread; contains but little more
nourishment tha/n, the best patent. Lacking in
the bran necessary to substantiate clarnis that
it is a remedy for constipation. Considerable
insect infection of sample examined.)
Sands, Taylor and Wood Company, Minnesota.
(N) King Arthur Flour. {Sample examined was a
first-class patent flour. Misleadingly branded,
as this company are Boston jobbers and prod-
uct appears to be manufactured by them In
Minnesota.)
Shane Brothers and Wilson Company.
■k Golden Touch King Midas Flour. (Meaningless
claim "The highest price flour in America and
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 8*7
worth ail it costs." Has no a&v'wntage over,
other standard patents.)
Southwestern Milling Company, The.
iK Aristos (flour).
Washburn-Crosby Company, Minneapolis, Minn.
' • Gold Medal Flour.
RICE
The great point of interest in regard to rice is
■whether or not it is coated with talc or glucose
which under the law is a practice that must he de-
clared on the label, as the coating may conceal in-
feriority, and the housekeeper should be warned
to wash such a rice thoroughly.
Bice may be white, having lost the outer brown-
ish skin, and yet be uncontaminated with glucose
and talc, and truthfully labeled as "uncoated," but
should not be called "unpolished," as it is not the
whole rice, the outer brown coat containing ad-
ditional protein and mineral having been removed
in the mechanical polishing process. It is claimed
that beriberi, a very dangerous disease, is pro-
duced when white rice forms practically the whole
of the diet, as it does in the Far East. While there
is no reason to fear this where rice forms only a
part of the diet and the necessary minerals and
proteins are obtained from other sources, it shows
that important food elements are lost in peeling
the rice and that this practice tends further to
"demineralize" the food supply.
88
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 89
TESTED BICES
Fischer, B., and Company, New York, N. Y.
* Hotel Astor Rice — ^Invalid's Food. Uncoated.
{Not a whole rice iut a good uncoated product,
correctly labeled, mineral ingreddents 0.37 per
cent.)
Carque, Otto, Los Angeles, Cal.
ir Carque 's Natural Whole Rice. (A true hrown
whole rice, 1.25 per cent, of mineral ingred-
ients.)
Kimball and Marxsen Rice Products Company, Chi-
cago, 111.
(N) White Swan Milk Rice, Granulated. (Some milk
present but claims "In food value ranks higher
than any other cereal." "A perfect food for
children and for the sick and convalescent, for
which it has no equal;" "accepted when all
other foods are rejected," etc., not warranted.)
Leggett, Francis H., and Company, New York, N. Y.
* Natural Brown Rice. {A true whole rice, 1.03 per,
cent, of mineral ingredients.)
McFadden-Wiess-Kyle Rice Milling Company, Beau-
mont, Texas.
(D) Apex Brand, Unpolished. {An "uncoated" rice
hut claims made as to food value and great
amount of nitrogen not warramted. Not an
90 1001 TESTS
"unpeeled" rice; it is polished, containing only
0.4 per cent, of mineral ingredients.)
Seaboard Rice Milling Company, Galveston, Texas.
"k Natural Brown Comet Brand Eiee. {A true un-
polished rice containing a few grains, not of
the best quality. Extravagant claims formerly
m.ade with misleading statements as to rice be-
ing "the most nutritious and easily digested of
all cereals," etc., have been corrected.)
•k Rice, Comet Brand Unkoted. {A polished rice,
not coated. Excessive claims formerly made as
to its being richest in elements of food value,
"nothing added, nothing taken away," "most
nutritious and easily digested of all cereals,
etc.," have been withdrawn. Having been pol-
ished the outer coating had been taken away, as
shown by the content of mdneral ingredients,
which was only 0.43 per cent., whereas the
brown rice of the same brand contained 1.22
per cent, of ash. Two typical products now
intelligently labeled.)
SPAGHETTI AND MACARONI
The wheat products made from the partially
bolted- and finely ground flour of hard glutinous
wheat, and molded into various shapes, whether
tubular, flat or cylindrical, are known as macaroni
and spaghetti accordingly as they are of the larger
or smaller variety. These products are excellent
from the viewpoint of nutrition, palatability and
economy. In some cases the ash (mineral ingredi-
ents) and nitrogen content indicate that a very
large portion of the wheat grain has been utilized.
For health purposes it would be advisable, if tech-
nically possible, to make macaroni out of the whole
wheat When combined with tomato and cheese
the dish is not only more palatable, but the amount
of nourishment is increased and we have a better
balanced ration. While the macaroni contains
considerable protein, it is largely a starchy food
and the cheese rounds out the ration adding more
protein and fat, while the tomato gives flavor and
vegetable acids. There is a rumor going about
that one should never combine acids with starchy
food. This is based on the fact that the digestion
of starch begins in the mouth by the action of the
galiva but is checked by the presence of the acid.
91
92 1001 TESTS
While this is theoretically true, the extent to which
starch digestion is suspended in the stomach is
well known. The work of the saliva begins again
in the small intestine activated by the pancreatic
secretion.
In some cases, eggs are incorporated with the
wheat flour, which further increases the nutritive
value of this food. The lecithin of the egg is
especially important. Efforts to sell lecithin
products in artificial preparations and as tonics
are of dubious efficacy and the public will do much
better to depend upon eggs, whole wheat and nuts
for their lecithin. Unfortunately some manufac-
turers simulate the presence of egg by artificial
color. This practice is wholly disreputable, and
the misleading use of the word "egg" in the brand
or name of the product cannot be ethically coun-
terbalanced by the statement that there is no egg
present. The claim that egg is used is substanti-
ated by determining the notable increase in the
lecithin components of the product. The con-
sumption of macaronis might well be increased
with advantage to the consumer from the point of
view of both nutrition and economy.
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 93
TESTED SPAGHETTI AND MACARONI
(Starred products (■*•) are rated at 85 to 100; {V) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
{D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
Cleveland Macaroni Company, Cleveland, Ohio.
(D) Golden Egg Alphabets, contain no egg. {Mis-
hranded, not permissiile to misname a product
and maZce subsequent correction.)
(N) Golden Egg Brand Macaroni. Contain no egg.
{Brand name slightly misleading. Composi-
tion good — extravagant claims as to supe-
riority.)
Foulds Milling Company, Cincinnati and Chicago.
■k Fould's Macaroni.
* Fould's Spaghetti.
Freihofer's Vienna Baking Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
•k Freihofer's Egg Macaroni, (^Egg present in small
amownt.) "
HeinZj H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.
•k Spaghetti — ^L'ltalienne. {Canned, with tomato
sauce, ready for eating; contains 82 per cent, of
moisture.)
Jireh Diabetic Food Company, New York, N. Y.
•k Macaroni. (A good mMoroni lut has 58% of
starch, noi for diabetics, no special claim made
94 1001 TESTS
in this regard, though the name of the com-
pany might he misleading.)
Maull Brothers, St. Louis, Mo.
* Faust Brand Spaghetti.
Mueller, C. F. Company, Jersey City, N. J.
-k Spaghetti,
Van Camp Packing Company, Indianapolis, Indiana.
ir Spaghetti — Italian Style. {A canned spaghetti,
contains 76 per cent, of moisture.)
Woodcock Macaroni Company, Rochester, N. Y.
(N) Woodcock Macaroni. {Excessive claims as to spe-
cial food value etc.; is a good product.)
vn
CONDIMENTS
THE spices are examined to determine whetlier
ttey come up to the established standards,
are true to name, free from starch, hulls or other
neutral adulterants which detract from the flavor,
and are full weight. Considerable trouble is ex-
perienced on the latter score, especially on small
packages, due in some cases it is said to the dry-
ing out of the mixture, and it is held that this
should be allowed for. The loss of weight, how-
ever, should not always fall 'upon the consumer,
even small weight packages should average the
weight declared on the container, some packages
running above and some below the required
amounts. Of the compounded condiments, tomato
catsup is probably of the most general interest and
has been the product most adulterated. The use
of benzoate of soda in these catsups has been
fiercely contested, but has been abandoned by prac-
tically all well known manufacturers, with the
exception of the Curtice Brothers. It has been
proved that if clean, fresh, raw material is used
95
96 1001 TESTS
and handled quickly in a sanitary way witli com-
plete sterilization there is no danger of spoilage
and no need of an injurious chemical preservative.
The chemically preserved products are also of
lower quality because they can be made to keep
with less concentration and when you buy a benzo-
ated catsup you usually buy more water. The
benzoated samples examined contained from 14 to
21 per cent, of solids while some of the leading
brands depending on sterilization and concentra-
tion only ran as high as 33 to 38 per cent. Watch
the label and see if benzoate of soda is declared.
The prepared salad dressings vary greatly in
character. None of them compares in quality with
a home-made mayonnaise. They are often thick-
ened with starch or gum and artificially colored
with turmeric or a coal tar dye to make up for the
egg that is not there. Frequently no oil or egg
at aU is to be found. All the samples admitted to
the star list contained egg and 35 to 53 per cent,
of oil, were not artificially colored, and did not
depend upon gum and starch for their thickening.
A salad dressing containing neither oil nor egg is
not considered worthy of the name. If cottonseed
or any other oils than olive oil are used they
should be declared on the labeL
The vinegars reported were tested carefully, to
CONDIMENTS 97
determine whether or not they were true to name
and had the amount of acetic acid required by the
standard. While the fermented vinegars made
from cider, apples, wine or grapes are of the
choicest quality, having a finer flavor, the malt,
sugar and glucose products or the distilled vine-
gars made from grains, if they are properly
labeled and honestly sold, have legitimate uses.
The housekeeper has a right to vinegar of a certain
estabKshed strength. She can add water herself
if the product is too acid. There is no reason why
she should pay the manufacturer for water. A
diluted acetic acid is not vinegar any more than
diluted alcohol is wine. The original material
from which the vinegar is fermented is what gives
it its distinctive flavor and delicacy. There is no
reason why the cheaper vinegars, such as spirit,
distilled or grain vinegar, should not be used for
pickling and in mixtures, if they are properly
labeled and sold for a lower price. The artificial
coloring of colorless vinegars, such as the spirit
and glucose products, to give them the appearance
of the cider and wine vinegars, is of course fraud-
ulent. The housekeeper can do much to protect
herself by carefully reading the labels and by not
buying a product that is evasively branded or
which declares artificial color.
98 1001 TESTS
TESTED CONDIMENTS
(Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (JV) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxriii. lor
details as to method of rating.)
Austin-Nichols and Company, New York, N. Y.
ir Sunbeam Pure Food Tomato Catsup. {No hen-
zoate, no artificial coloring and contains 30 per
cent, of solids.)
Beech-Nut Packing C(»npany, Canajoharie, N. Y.
* Oscar's Sauce.
•k Tomato Catsup. (25 per cent, of solids.)
Bell, Wm. G., Company, Boston, Mass.
"k Poultry Seasoning.
Colbum, The A., Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
"k Allspice.
* Celery Salt.
k Cinnamon.
k Cloves. (Above minimum standard.)
k Curry Powder.
k Ginger.
* Leaf Peppermint Cooking Herbs.
k Leaf Savory.
k Leaf Sweet Basil.
* Leaf Thyme.
k Mace.
k Madras Turmeric.
k Mustard.
CONDIMENTS 99
'k Nutmeg. {Above minimum standard.)
ir Paprika.
■*■ Pepper, Black, Natuna Brand. {Was about 4 per
cent, above minimum standard.)
'k Pepper, Red.
k Pepper, "White. (Was about 4 per cent, above
minimum standard.)
•k Onion Salt.
-k Pastry Spice.
* Sage, Rubbed.
k Spiced Poultry Seasoning.
k Sweet Marjoram.
(A good line of spices complying vdth the
standards. Some are slightly above the mini-
mum standard but the following extravagant
claims can not be approved: "The standard
goods of America, guaranteed of the finest qual-
ity, absolutely pure, and far superior to the
standard required by law." This criticism
applies only to large packages; small cartons are
conservatively labeled.)
Colman, J. and J., London.
k Mustard.
Cresca Company.
k Vinegar, Pinard Brand, Packed in France, Pure
Grape Salad, Estragon Flavor.
100 1001 TESTS
Crosse and Blackwell, London.
* Currie Powder, Genuine India — ^Pure Currie Pow-
der.
* Malt Vinegar, Pure.
* Malt Vinegar Flavored with Tarragon.
Curtice Brothers Company, Rochester, N. T.
(D) Tomato Ketchup. (Preserved with sodium hen-
soate and thin as compared with first class cat-
sups; only 19 per cent, solids.)
Diamond Crystal Salt Company, St. Clair, Michigan.
* Shaker Table Salt with 1 per cent, carbonate of
magnesia.
Durkee and Company, E. R., New York, N. Y.
"k Salad Dressing and Meat Sauce. {Good quality
for a commercial salad dressing containing egg
and oil {about 34 per cent.) hut some cottonseed
oil is present and should he declared.)
Fischer, B., and Company, New York.
* Allspice, Strictly Pure.
* Pepper, White.
* Sage, Strictly Pure.
Frear, Fred, New York, N. Y.
(N) My Wife's Salad Dressing. {Colored with a per-
' mitted coal tar dye; 7 per cent, of oil {cotton-
seed) and some egg found; harmless, hut not a
first class salad dressing for the "select" trade.)
Gaidry, Lowell R., New Orleans.
•k Tabasco Pepper Sauce. {A good product now ac-
ceptably labeled.)
CONDIMENTS 101
Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.
* Chili Sauce.
"k Tomato Ketchup. (33 per cent, total solids.)
k Cider Vinegar, Pure Fermented.
if Malt Vinegar, Pure Fermented.
Holbrook and Company, London, Manchester and Bir-
mingham.
(N) "Worcestershire Sauce. (Good quality hut makes
extravagant claims as to superiority and use-
]fviness.)
Howard^ J. F., Haverhill, Mass.
•k Salad Dressing. (Good quality, containing 50 per
cent, of oil, egg, and no artificial coloring; not
unmixed olive oil; any other oil {usually cotton-
seed) when present should be named on the la-
bel.)
Koenig and Schuster, New York, N. T.
-k Tomato Catsup, Princess Brand. (34.5 per cent,
of total solids.)
Lea and Perrins, Worcester, England.
k "Worcestershire Sauce.
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111.
* Chili Sauce, Pure.
k Tomato Catsup, Pure. (38.6 per cent, of solids.)
Mcllhenny, E., New Iberia, Louisiana.
(D) Tabasco Pepper Sauce. (Good quality, but ab-
surd claims as to its being a preventative for
103 1001 TESTS
dyspepsia, relieving headache, neuralgia and
rheumatism, hygienic and economic claims, etc.)
McMechen Preserving Company, Wheeling, W. Va.
(D) Prepared Mustard. {Colored with turmeric, very
low in total solids (12 per cent.). Proportions
of mixture given on label could not he present.)
Marzahl, W., 171 Spring Street, New York, N. Y.
•Ar Cider Vinegar, Pure.
Mohawk Valley Cider Compeiny, 73-75 Huron Street,
Brooklyn, N. Y.
if Vinegar, Pure Cider.
(N) Vinegar, Pure White. {See Wayne County
White Vinegar.)'
Morehouse Mills, Chicago and Los Angeles.
"k Horseradishj-Mustard, Cream Brand, Prepared.
{Contains turmeric and hut little horseradish.)
(D) Mustard, Mrs. Morehouse's Cream Brand, Pre-
pared. {Contains turmeric and gum.)
{H) Salad Dressing, Mrs. Morehouse's Cream Brand.
{No oU or egg found; contains turmeric, gum
and flavoring.)
National Onion Salt Company.
•k Onion Salt.
New England Maple Syrup Company, Boston, Mass.
(D) Mustard, Golden Tree. {Price low, the turmeric
and starch present low^r the quality, though
they are declared on label; not a standard
"prepared mustard.")
CONDIMENTS 103
Olney, Burt, Canning Company, Oneida, N. T.
* Ketchup. (21 per cent, of total solids.)
Palisade Manufacturing Company, West Hoboken,
N. T.
* Toumade's Kitchen Bouquet. {A mixture of
vegetable and meat extracts with flavoring prin-
ciples; no preservatives; probably colored with
caramel (burnt sugar) ; harmless and conven-
ient, but not "indispensable" as formerly
claimed.)
Pritchard, E., 331 Spring Street, New York, N. Y., and
Bridgeton, N. J.
(D) Tomato Catsup, Pride of the Farm. {Contained
0.17 per cent, of benzoate of soda; only one-
tenth of one per cent, declared on the label.
Had 21 per cent, of total solids.)
Rabb, Charles> Inc., 237-239 W. 60th St., New York,
N. Y.
(D) Tomato Catsup, Blue Ribbon. {Contained over
two-tenths per cent, of benzoate amd very low
in solid material, in common with most low
grade products; 14.5 per cent, of solids.)
Ritter Conserve Company, P. J., Philadelphia, Pa.
•k Tomato Catsup, Pure, Whole. {No preservatime
or artificial color. Eetest showed improvement
in total solids (25 per cent.) and satisfactory
bacterial count.)
104 1001 TESTS
* Tomato Catsup with Tabasco, Whole, Pure. (25
per cent, of total solids.)
Slade, D. and L., Company, Boston, Mass.
"k Cayenne, Absolutely Pure.
■Ar Cinnamon, Absolutely Pure.
* Cloves, Absolutely Pure.
•k Celery Salt, Absolutely Pure.
* Curry Powder, East India.
* Ginger, Absolutely Pure.
* Mace, Absolutely Pure. (Some question as to
the species of mace used; possibility of admix-
ture of Bombay or other wild mace. Evidence
not conclusive; retest gave satisfactory re-
sults.)
•k Nutmeg, Absolutely Pure.
* Paprika, Absolutely Pure.
* Pepper, Absolutiely Pure.
* Pepper, Absolutely Pure, White.
* Pimento, Absolutely Pure.
* Sage, Absolutely Pure.
* Savory, Absolutely Pure.
* Spice, Absolutely Pure Pickling, Whole Mixed
Spice.
* Thyme, Absolutely Pure. {"Absolutely pure"
claim objectionable as always; tendency to
CONDIMENTS 105
slight short weight on some small packages.
Quality very good.)
Snider, T. A., Preserves Company, Cincinnati, Ohio.
if Chili Sauce.
* Tomato Catsup. (23 per cent, of solids.)
Sprague, Warner, and Co., Chicago, 111.
(N) Tomato Catsup, Richelieu Brand. {Only of
medium concentration (21 per cent, of solids)
and more bacteria, yeasts and spores than is per-
missible.)
Stickney and Poor Spice Company, Boston, Mass.
* Cloves, Absolutely Pure. (Claim objectionable.)
•k Mustard, Extra Fine.
Tildesley and Company, Chicago, Ills.
(N) Yacht Club Salad Dressing. (A swmLI amount of
oil and some egg; colored only with turmeric;
good but hardly of star quality.)
* Yacht Club Tomato Catsup.
Waw-Waw Sauce Co., London and New York.
(N) Waw-Waw. The finest Indian Sauce. (A good
product, consisting of an acetic extract of vege-
tables and spices but claims that "its principal
aim is to aid and stimulate the digestive or-
gans," etc., are not permissible.)
Wayne County Produce Company, Greenpoint, L. I.,
N. Y.
•k Cider Vinegar.
(N) Spirit Vinegar, Pure White. (A good gram
lOe 1001 TESTS
vinegar, true to type and properly labeled.
This type is not a true aromatic vinegar at all
and is inferior in quality and flavor to the wine
and cider products.)
Worcester Salt Company, New York City, N. Y.
■k Ivory Shaker Salt.
vm
DESSERTS
READT-TO-USE desserts like most time-
saving foods give you only fair quality at
a relatively large price. It is not claimed that
they are injurious but it is not considered that they
are either high grade food products or econom-
ical. The Jello, Nesnah and Tryphosa desserts
are probably the best of their kind, but consist
mostly of sugar (about 85-90 per cent.), with a
little gelatin, flavoring, and coloring matter, for
which extravagant excellencies and great original-
ity are claimed. As sugar is only five cents a
pound, you can see that they are not an economical
buy for the housewife unless her time is extremely
valuable. Twenty cents a pound for sugar adds
an item to the high cost of living! Gelatin des-
serts, freshly made, uncolored and flavored with
fresh fruit juices must of necessity be superior
in quality.
The straight gelatins themselves present a
fundamental difficulty in that the line is too often
not carefully drawn between glue quality and ed-
lor
108 1001 TESTS
ible gelatin quality. Both are made from hides,
bones, and horn pith, and it is the condition
of the raw material and the treatment and tem-
perature that differentiate the two. A high
class glue and a low class gelatin are practically
the same product. Only sanitary inspection
could determine this point absolutely and it is
for this reason that the highest rating has not
been given to gelatins. The tests made, how-
ever, insure you that the fiwished products are
harmless and of good quality. Another diffi-
culty is the fact that many gelatin dealers buy
up their gelatin from different sources and
their output may vary in excellence. These are
some of the fundamental difficulties in attempting
to classify gelatins as to purity. We can only ad-
vise in general that those examined gave no odor
on standing, had the proper degree of solubility
and contained only minute traces, if any, of sul-
phur dioxide. No dangers are to be feared from
eating these products but constant inspection alone
can insure that sanitary raw material is used
and the proper care taken during the process of
manufacture.
DESSERTS 109
TESTED DESSERTS
{Starred products (■*) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a
noncommittal rating betTfeen 76 and 84; disapproved products
{D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
Baker, Franklin, Company, PhiladelpMa, Pa.
■jir Baker's Premium Shred Cocoanut. {Label states
"Prepared with sugar," contains about 24 per
cent.)
Chalmers, James, Sons, Williamsville, N. T,
•k Transparent Shredded Gelatin.
Ceylon Spice Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
(D) Instantaneous Tapioca. {Absurd claims as to be-
ing a "food for babies," "preventing prickly
heat," etc. Product is good, though "instan-
taneous" claims are also overdrawn.)
Colbum, The A., Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
•A New Process Hasty Tapioca. {A good product
with such meaningless extravagant claims os
"The standard goods of America," "Abso-
lutely Pure," "Superior to the standard re-
quired by law.")
Cox, J. and G,, Georgia Mills, Edinborough, Scotland.
•k Gelatin.
Crystal Gelatin Company, Boston, Mass.
* Boston Crystal Gelatin.
Diamond Gelatin Company, Chicago, 111.
(N) Diamond Delieo, The Double Dessert — Straw-
110 1001 TESTS
berry and Orange; Mint-Lemon; Coffee and
Cherry. (Colored with cudbear and other
vegetable dyes, harmless but poor quality and
the Uttle flavor present is completely lost on ex-
posure to (m.)
Genesee Pure Food Company, Le Eoy, N. Y.
(N) Jello Lemon. {About 85 per cent, sugar; and ar-
tificially colored with a harmless vegetable dye.
Not injurious but not "America's most famous
dessert." Fruit flavors used mostly. Good
of its Jdnd but not of star quality.)
Hansen's Laboratory, Charles, Little Falls, N. Y.
"k Junket tablets.
(N) Nesnah Desserts — Chocolate, Lemon, Imitation
Easpberry. (86 per cent, to 96 per cent,
sugar, gelatin and trace of permitted coal tar
dye in two cases; not injurious but not high
quality; exaggerated claims.)
Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.
* Gold Medal Mince Meat.
•k Heinz Plum Pudding.
Hipolite Company, The, St. Louis, Mo.
(N) Hipolite Snow-Mellow. (Essentially a mixture
of corn starch and egg albumen. In no sense a
substitute for eggs. Harmless, but not of good
quality. Clam,, "makes delicious icings, fill-
ings, and meringues without eggs," misleading.)
DESSERTS 111
Knox, Charles B., Company, 'Johnstown, N. Y.; Mon-
treal, Canada.
•k Knox's Gelatin.
Lipton's, New York, London.
(D) Lipton's Gelatin Jelly Tablets. (Flavors, except
in the case of the vanilla and the Madeira
rather flat. Amaranth and Naphthol Yellow 8,
permitted coal tar dyes used in all samples.)
Merrell-Soule Company, Syracuse, N. Y.
•k None Such Mince Meat.
Minute Tapioca Company, Orange, Mass.
•k Minute Gelatin. (Excessive claims as to solubil-
ity, absolute purity, etc., not warranted.)
■k Minute Tapioca.
Naltional Starch Company, Com Products Refining
Company, New York, N. Y.
(N) Kingsford's Oswego Cornstarch. (Specifically
misleading claim as to superiority to arrowroot;
a good corn starch — nothing more.)
Ovite Manufacturing Company, Orange, N. J.
(N) Ovite. (A mixture of corn starch and egg albu-
men with salt and colored with annato. Harm-
less but not "A nutritious product which dis-
places the whole egg in cooking," as claimed.)
(N) White Ovite. (White egg albumen and corn
starch. One dollar a pound. Price excessive
and not a legitimate substitute for the white of
.)
112 1001 TESTS
Pljmiouth Rock Gelatin Company, Boston, Mass.
"k Plymouth Eock Plain, Granulated Gelatin.
(D) Plymouth Eock Phosphated Granulated Gelatin,
A Compound. {Phosphoric acid ohjectionahle;
does not increase nutrition as claimed, and is
not a satisfactory substitute for lemon.)
Rich, E. C, New York, N. T.
(N)Tryphosa — ^Lemon — ^Artificially colored. (Nearly
90 per cent, sugar amd a permitted coal tar
dye — not injurious tut not a high grade prod-
uct.)
Whitman, Stephen F., and Son, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa.
(N) Whitman's Marshmallow Whip. (51 per cent,
glucose, 26 per cent, sugar, balance water, gum
and vanillin. Not a substitute for "whipped
cream" in quality or nutritive value, but is
correctly named, as it is of a typical marsh-
mMlow composition.)
IX
EXTRACTS
WITH few exceptions the flavoring extracts
are guilty of exaggerated claims. Some
products are described as "uneqnaled in
strength," others are said to be "extra strong,"
or to be "above the standard." It must be re-
membered that the percentages of oils required
by the standards represent only the smallest
amount considered legal! A product may "ex-
ceed the standard," therefore, and stiU be only a
good average product. Hence the claims quoted
while technically true are rather misleading.
Practically aU of the vanilla extracts are said
to be made from "the finest Mexican vaniUa
bean," just as huge amounts of coffees are la-
beled "Java and Mocha," regardless of the fact
that the output of both is comparatively small.
We have, therefore, partially disregarded these
general and commonly exaggerated claims, though
by no means approving them, in giving the star
113
114 1001 TESTS
marking to extracts of standard quality, for the
guidance of the buyer.
Flavoring extracts have long been notable sin-
ners in regard to short volume. Often the bottles
are made of thick glass and no particular content
is claimed but the bottle which should hold two
ounces, judging from size and price, holds much
less. Under the new net weight law demanding
that weights and measures be declared on all pack-
ages we might have corrected this evil had not the
vicious provision, that a "reasonable variation"
should be permitted, or small packages exempted,
been inserted in the law. A deduction has in all
cases been made where the output of any manufac-
turer showed a general tendency toward short
weight.
The question most often asked in regard to ex-
tracts is. What are vanillin and coumarin? When
they appear on the label what does this mean?
Are such extracts harmful? The true vanilla ex-
tract made from the vanUla bean is much more del-
icate in flavor and more expensive than that made
from the artificial vanillin obtained from oil of
cloves. Coumarin is a substance obtained from
the Tonka bean and is also a cheaper product of
inferior flavoring quality used in imitations.
EXTRACTS 116
Neither can be said to be harmful, but such a
product should be plainly labeled "imitation" or
"artificial vanillin." It is not enough to label it
"vanilla extract" and then give a list of ingredi-
ents which conveys no meaning to the average
buyer. The true vanilla extract is derived only
from the vanilla bean. "We have excluded from
the approved list all imitation extracts, though
many are now honestly labeled, as required by the
law. We consider all of the extracts made from
artificial ethers in the laboratory, and nearly al-
ways colored with coal tar or vegetable dyes to
conceal inferiority, as unworthy of a place in an
approved list of high grade products. They are
used in such small quantities th^t their harmful-
ness cannot be discussed, but they are not natural
foods and in our estimation could not be classed
among high grade products. The best makers are
endeavoring to provide pure fruit extracts, even in
the case of strawberry, raspberry and other flavors
most difficult to make. Better do without an ex-
tract than use an imitation poorly flavored and
artificially colored.
The new paste extracts are made of gum and
glycerin with appropriate flavors. They are not
injurious, but the extravagant claims made as to
116 1001 TESTS
superiority to alcoholic extracts caimot be main-
tained. They may be more economic for some
purposes and tbeir use is largely a matter of taste.
Their inferior diffusibility is another objection
and the vanilla and lemon extracts do not yield
themselves to this treatment as well as other fla-
vors, like ginger.
TESTED EXTRACTS
(Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (W) indicatea a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and paga ixyiii for
details as to method of rating.)
Baker Extract Company, Portland, Maine, and Spring-
field, Mass.
"k Almond, Pure Extract.
k Lemon, Pure Extract.
•k Onion, Pure Extract.
* Orange, Pure Extract.
■k Pineapple, Pure Extract.
(N) Pistachio, Imitation Flavor. {A harmless imita-
tion extract properly labeled, compounded of
vanilla extract, almond extract, glycerin, alco-
hol and a permitted coal tar dye. Not injuri-
ous hut not star quality.)
k Raspberry, Pure Extract.
k Strawberry, Pure Extract.
* Vanilla, Pure Extract. (Claim "unequaled in
strength" an exaggeration.)
EXTRACTS 117
Burnett, Joseph, and Company, Boston, Mass.
* Almond.
ik Cherry, Superior Extract.
"k Lemon, Superior Extract.
"k Orange.
■Ar Pineapple.
(N) Pistachio, Imitation Flavor. {A mixture of al-
mond, cinnamon and other oils.) ,
"k Raspberry.
•k Strawberry.
•k Vanilla.
•k Wintergreen, Essence of. (Medicinal claim, which
was criticised as objectiondble, has been with-
drawn.)
Christy, Arthur N., and Company, Newark, N. Y.
(D) Lemon Flavor. (A paste flavor consisting of
gum and glycerin with too small an amount of
oU of lemon to ie determined. States on label
that terpeneless oil of lemon is used with
the true oil. The farmer is not of first qual-
ity. Claims to ie "The standard of excel-
lence," and is harmless but of poor quality
and not comparable with the standard alco-
holie extraets.)
118 1001 TESTS
Colburn, The A., Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
"k Almond.
•k Almond, May Flower Extract, Pure.
"k Lemon, May Flower Extract, Pure.
* Orange May Flower Extract, Pure.
k Orange.
if Rose.
* Rose, May Flower Brand, Extract of Pure.
* Vanilla.
{The May FlouKr Brand represent standard
goods, no more, and no extravagant claims
are made on the label. The other products
are also of good stcmdard quality, hut
there is no foundation for the claim that they
are "the standard goods of America," and
"far superior to the standard required hy
law.")
Crescent Manufacturing Company, Seattle, Wash.
(D) Crescent Mapleine. {A harmless substitute
product; consists essentially of burnt sugar
(caramel) and vanillin. Misleading name, cor-
rected by sublabel — "Contains no maple sugar,
syrup nor sap hut produces a taste similar to
maple."
McCormick and Company, Baltimore, Md.
k Almond, Bee Brand Highest Quality, Absolutely
Pure Extract. {Extreme quality claims and
sUght short measure.)
EXTRACTS 119
"k Ginger, Bee Brand Highest Quality, Absolutely
Pyre Essence.
* Lemon, Bee Brand Highest Quality, True.
(D) Orange, Bee Brand Highest Quality Extract,
True — Colored. {Below standard and arti-
ficially colored.)
(N) Peach, Bee Brand Concentrated Flavoring, Imi-
tation. {Does not "taste like fresh fruit" —
poor quality.)
(N) Pineapple, Bee Brand Concentrated Flavoring,
Imitation. {Same.)
(N) Eose, Bee Brand Concentrated Flavoring — Col-
ored. {Harmless vegetable dye {cudbear)
used.)
•k Vanilla, Bee Brand Highest Quality, True Extract.
{Quality claims exaggerated but products
starred were standard.)
McMonagle and Rogers, Middletown, N. Y.
•k Almond, Premium Fruit Flavors.
* Celery, Premium Fruit Flavors.
•k Cinnamon, Premium Fruit Flavors.
* Cloves, Premium Fruit Flavors. {Above standard
minimum strength but slightly short measure.)
k Lemon, Premium Fruit Flavors.
(N) Nutmeg, Premium Fruit Flavors. {Short meas-
ure and below standard strength.)
k Onion, Premium Fruit Flavors.
k Orange, Premium Fruit Flavors.
* Peppermint, Premium Fruit Flavors.
120 1001 TESTS
* Rose, Premium Fruit Flavors.
"k Vanilla, Premium Fruit Flavors.
*. Wintergreen, Premium Fruit Flavors.
Pitkin, J. M., and Company, Newark, N. T.
(N) Almond Flavor.
(N) Ginger Flavor.
{Harmless and suitable for some purposes, hut
not superior to alcoholic extracts as claimed.)
(N) Lemon Flavor. (OH of lemon fortified with
citral.)
(D) Vanilla Substitute. (Contains vanillin, couma-
rin and caramel coloring, and it is claimed
that it is superior to the pure standard arti-
cle.)
Price Flavoring Extract Company, Chicago, Illinois,
•k Dr. Price 's Delicious Flavoring Extract, Vanilla.
Sauer, C. F., Company, Eichmond, Va.
■k Almond.
(N) Banana, Imitation Flavor.
k Orange.
(N) Peach, Imitation Flavor.
(N) Pineapple, Imitation Flavor.
(N) Strawberry, Imitation Flavor.
(Imitation flavors artificially colored. Made
from blended ethers. Correctly labeled.)
"k VanUla, Pure concentrated extract. ("Absolute
purity" claim objectionable; attack on substi-
tutes as being "injurious" not warranted.)
EXTRACTS 121
Slade, D. and L., Company, Boston, Mass.
'k Almond, Absolutely Pure Extract. {"Absolutely
pure" objectionable as always.)
"k Lemon, Absolutely Pure Extra Strong Extract.
(Not "extra strong," just standard.)
"k Peppermint, Absolutely Pure Family Bemedies.
k Bose, Absolutely Pure Extract.
Stickney and Poor Spice Company, Boston, Mass.
• VaniUa, Best TJ. S. P.
FISH— (CANNED, DEIED, ETC.)
THE utmost care should be exercised in regard
to the use of all canned fish, because when
these products do decompose they have a tendency
more than almost any other products, to develop
poisonous bodies in the process of protein degrada-
tion. The housewife should always examine the
can carefully by its appearance, smell, and taste
upon opening. Grreat care, however, is exercised
in putting up fish products and the salmon espe-
cially may be mentioned as retaining, to a marked
degree, the quality of the fresh product.
All canned fish should be consumed immediately
upon opening and not be kept over for the next
day. Properly smoked and dried fish offer a most
nutritious and economical diet and are much more
widely used abroad than here. Their use could
very profitably be extended, especially in view of
the high price of meat.
TESTED FISH (CANNED, DRIED, ETC.)
'{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {7f) indicates a
noneommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
132
FISH, (CANNED, DRIED, ETC.) 123
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
Als Hangesund Preserving Company, Hangesimd.
* Fancy Imported Norway Sardines in Mustard
Sauce — Salome Brand. {Not a triie sardine
ipUchard) ; labeling 'permitted iy official regu-
lations.)
Beale and Gamett Company, Eastport, Maine.
* Finnan Haddie. {Put up in the United States; a
true Finnan Haddie should he from Scotland.)
Beardsley, J. W., Sons, New York, N. Y.
(N) Shredded Codfish. {No borax found; short
weight and extravagant statement as to com-
parative nutritive value — 1 lb. not equal to 4
lbs. of fresh fish, as stated.)
Bumham and Morrill Company, Portland, Maine.
* Pish Flakes.
California Fish Company, Los Angeles, California.
(N) California Sardines. {True pilchard or sardine
not found on California coast, labeling per-
mitted by Government, but sublabel "Genu-
ine sardines" objectionable.)
Cresca Company, Distributors, 355 Greenwich Street,
New York.
•k Caviar Superieure.
Crosse and Blackwell, London.
(N) Anchovy Paste. {Colored with an unidentified
reddish dye. Labeled "Artificially colored.")
IM 1001 TESTS
Davis, Frank E., Company, Gloucester, Mass.
* Deviled Crab Meat.
^ Lump Crab Meat.
(D) Crab Shells. {Not perfectly cleaned.)
•k Fish Flake, Codfish and Haddock Corned.
"k Kippered Herring.
"k Fresh Mackerel.
(D) Selected Gulf Fresh Shrimp. (Quality poor; two
samples out of four tad.)
Emery and Compsmy, Boston, Mass.
(N) Deviled Sardines. (Sublabeled "Atlantic Ocean
Sardine Herrings," really are herrings; not a
"most economical and nutritious article of
food," as claimed.)
Gorman and Company, Inc., Seattle, Wash.
(D) Ked Heart Brand Alaska Salmon. {Slack fill
and short weight; a low grade article.)
Gorton Pew Fisheries Company.
•k Gorton's Boneless Codfish. (19 per cent, of s(dt.)
Liss, George, and Company, New York City.
•k Salmon, Highwood Brand, Columbia River.
Lord Brothers Company, Portland, Maine.
* Extra Quality Pure Codfish Strictly Boneless.
McMenamin and Company, Hampton, Va.
* Crab Meat.
FISH, (CANNED, DRIED, ETC.) 125
Peabody, Henry W., San Francisco, California and
New Tork.
Tk" Havalan Brand Japanese Crab Meat.
Sea Beach Packing Works, Aberdeen, Wash.
* Pioneer Minced Sea Clams.
Southern California Fish Company, Los Angeles, Cal.
* Blue Sea Tuna.
Van-Thomas Company, Los Angeles, Cal.
•k Avalon Brand Tuna. (Packed in cottonseed and
olive oil and so labeled.)
Watson, Angus, and Company, Neweastle-on-Tyne,
England.
(N) Skipper Sardines in Tomato.
(N) Skipper Sardines in Virgin Olive Oil.
{Not true sardines (pilchards) — Norway
bristling s and should be so labeled. Govern-
ment permits designation "Norway sardines,"
but in this case labeling is not even true to
this ruling.)
•k Bouillon Herringlets.
Williams, R. C, and Company, New Tork.
•k Salmon, Koyal Scarlet, Columbia River.
XI
FRUITS— DEIED ^
THE points in regard to dried fruits are : Are
they unsulpliured? Are they free from ex-
cessive moisture (wMdi sulplinring makes pos-
sible)? Are they free from insect infection?
Have full weight and measure been given? For
the starred products we can answer "yes," in re-
gard to all of these points. Fruitsaretransported
more cheaply in this dried compact form and the
consumer pays for less water than in fresh or
canned goods. Their keeping qualities are also
excellent and they form a very acceptable part of
the diet both from an economical and nutritive
point of view, especially during the seasons when
fresh fruits are unavailable or very high in price.
Stewed dried fruits are excellent natural laxatives
as well as nutritious and a handful of raisins, dates
or figs is much better, in my opinion, for the grow-
ing child than candy.
1 For canned fruits see page 45.
136
FRUITS— DRIED 127
TESTED FRUITS, DRIED
'{Starred products (■*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page zxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
American Dehydrating Company, Waukesha, Wiscon-
sin.
(N) Dehydro-Fresh Cranberries. {By no means equal
to fresh fruit nor superior to the dried and
evaporated goods, as claimed.)
American Vineyard Company, Fresno, Cal. — ^Boston —
San Francisco.
■k Ideal "Not-a-Seed" Raisins.
Austin-Nichols and Company, New York, N. T.
(D) Peaches, Fancy Evaporated California. (0.15
per cent, of sulphur found in this product. La-
iel read "sulphur ileached" ; considered in-
jurious to health though permitted hy federal
regulation pending investigation.)
California Fruit Canners' Association, Fresno, Cali-
fornia.
•k Del Monte Brand California Seedless Raisins.
Carque Pure Food Company, Los Angeles, Cal.
* Apricots, Carque 's California Likefresh Fruits.
■k Bananas, Carque 's California Likefresh Fruits.
•k Cherries, Carque 's California Likefresh Fruits.
k Figs, California Selected Black Mission.
* Olives, Selected Sun Dried California Ripe, Dry.
128 1001 TESTS
"k Peaches, Carque's California Likefresh Pruits.
"k Pears, Carque 's California Likefresh Fruits.
{Claims somewhat overdrawn; excellent unsul-
phured products.)
Cresca Company, New York, N. Y.
"k Cresca Figs.
* Stuffed Figs and Stuffed Dates.
"k Cresca Choicest Cluster Raisins.
(Figs and dates are "Prepared with corn
syrup," i. e., glucose; declared on label,
amount very small hut unnecessary and un-
desirable.)
DeGroff, Lewis, and Son, New York, N. Y.
* Smyrna Figs, Health Brand.
Fresno Home Packing Company, FresnOj California.
k Fancy Cluster Eaisins, Blue Eibbon Brand.
Greenhut Siege! Cooper Company, New Yorir, N. Y.
* Raisins, Sultanas, Golden SVest Brand, Extra
Quality, Natural, Seedless.
Higgins, William A., and Company, New York, N. Y.
(N) Chariot Apples. (.Minute trace of sulphur; short
weight due probably to drying out.)
(D) Seedless Raisins, Berry Brand. {Short weight,
0.018 per cent, sulphur dioxide.)
Hills Brothers Company, New York, N. Y.
* Dromedary Brand Cleaned Currants.
k Dromedary Golden Dates.
FRUITS— DRIED 1^9
"k Dromedary Brand Washed Figs. ("Conserved
in com syrup," i. e., glucose — declared on label
— very small amount present hut is undesirable
and unnecessary.)
Koenig and Schuster, New York.
■k Fancy Malaga Raisins, Princess Brand.
Seaman Brothers, New York, N. Y.
"k "White Rose California Seeded Muscatel Raisins.
Stewart, R. N., Co., Middlehoro, Mass.
k Cranberry Powder. {Net weight should be stated
on package.)
Williamette Valley Prune Association, Salem, Oreg.
k Loganberries, Pheasant Brand. {Short weight on
two samples examined, but moisture content was
so low that amount of nutrition obtained was
relatively high. Special nutritive claim vir-
tually true, is unusually high in protein for a
fruit, like the raspberry from which it is de-
veloped.)
Williams, R. C, and Company, New York, N. Y.
k Royal Scarlet Seeded Raisins.
xn
HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES AND DISIN-
FECTANTS *
THE miscellaneous samples reported under
tMs heading pretend in no way to cover the
field, but were examined mainly in response to
inquiries and as information was needed. Vas-
elines (petrolatum) are standard products, but
the "remedial" claims made for tbem have been
exaggerated. The disinfectants all err in mak-
ing extravagant claims, extending their usefulness
into the medicinal field and so becoming dangerous
in the hands of the layman. The non-poisonous
claim is particularly misleading and the fanciful
names under which these products are presented
are objectionable in that they conceal the true
nature of the disinfectant which might easily be
declared. A standardized, carefully prepared dis-
infectant of proper strength is a boon to the house-
keeper and it is a great pity that these products
cannot be sold in a more intelligent and ethical way
as they are undoubtedly useful, and their quality
*Data do not represent complete analyses; only important and
characteristic ingredients are mentioned.
130
HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 131
in many cases is excellent. Some of the materials
reported fall within the patent medicine class and
exhibit all the evils and misleading statements
typical of such products.
TESTED HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES AND DIS-
INFECTANTS
(Starred prodMOts (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (JT) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
American Druggists Sjmdicate, Long Island City, N. Y.
(N) A. D. S. Foot Tablets. {An astringent antisep-
tic wash containing tannin, salicylic acid, alum,
ioric acid, etc. Claims that it is a "valuable
remedy," "effective in the treatment of tun-
ions," etc., are extravagant.)
Bauer and Black, Chicago, 111.
(N) Blue Jay Corn Plasters. (Contain saHcyUc acid,
which is practically always the active in-
gredient of corn salves. Is often helpful hut
the claim "In 48 hours corn comes out root and
ail," is exaggerated.)
Bauer and Company, Berlia, A. Wulfing and Company,
N. T. American Agents.
(D) Formamint Tablets. (A formaldehyde prepara-
tion with extravagant claims as to its thera-
peutiJc and germicidal properties. Efficacy of
1S2 1001 TESTS
the tablets is believed to be muck overrated, in
add4,tion to which they might be irritating in
some conditions.)
Bliss, Alonzo O., Company, Washington, D. C.
(D) Native Herbs. {A mixture of aloes, the com-
mon cathartic, and cassia, with probably smMl
amounts of podophyllum, ginger, dandelion, and
other stomachics. Not true to name, and ac-
companied by characteristic patent medicine
claims, which are obviously impossible of ful-
fillment. Would not "cure rheumutism, ca-
tarrh, nervous disorders, diabetes and all syph-
ilitic diseases" as churned.)
Carter Lytle Drug Company, Baltimore, Md.
(N) Komol. (Collodion with salicylic acid in alcohol
and ether. "It will dissolve the most obstinate
cases." "The best paint for corns," etc.
Claims excessive.)
Chesebrough Manufacturing Company, New Tork,
N. Y.
(N) Capsicum Vaseline. {Petrolatum containing ca/p-
sicum. A good product but only palliative, not
"a remedy" for rheumatism, gout, neuralgia,
etc., as stated. Not "superior to mustard or
any other plaster" under ail conditions.)
•k Carbolated Vaseline. (A petrolatum containing
phenol. Statements that it is "A valuable an-
tiseptic dressing for wounds, etc.," is true.)
HOUSEHO LD REMEDIES 133
"k Mentholated Vaseline. {A mentholated petro-
latum, whicli may be advantageously used for
"nervous headaches, sore throat, neuralgia,
neuritis, rheumatism, etc.," as a palliative.
No remedial or curative properties claimed in
this case.)
'k Vaseline. {Former claims "an irwaluahle rem-
edy for hums, rheumatism, hemorrhoids" with-
drawn from label; product is palliative but
hardly remedial in such cases.)
"k White Vaseline. {Pure petrolatum; former claim
that it is an "invaluable family remedy
for rheumatism,, catarrh, hay fever, etc.," is
obviously an exaggeration, as "remedy" im-
plies constructive healing while this substance
is only palliative. Claims withdrawn from
label.)
Clark's Corporation, New York, N. Y.
(D) Sel Amaigrissant. {Merely crystallized washing
soda, perfumed. Claims mude as to its merits
as a flesh reducer when used in the bath, are
manifestly absurd, and the price is high.)
Crittenton, Charles N., Company, New, York, N. Y.
(D) Tooth Ache Drops, Pike's Universal Vegetable.
{Consists chiefly of chloroform and alcohol
with a little oil of cloves and other antiseptic
oils; not a "vegetable" product; chloroform
dangerous and habit forming, and tends to de-
fer necessary dental attention.)
134 1001 TESTS
Dodge, Walter Luther, and Company, Chicago, HI.
(N) Tiz. {Tablets contadmng tanmn, salieylio acid,
alum,, a/nd orris root. An astringent antiseptic
foot hath, harmless hut could do hut little for
bunions, ingrowing nails, etc., as claimed.)
Downs, Jean, 334 Fifth Avenue, New Tork City.
(D) Get Slim. (Consists essentially of sugar and
tartaric acid, colored pink. Claims for its effi-
ciency as a flesh reducer grossly exaggerated
and an unlimited use of such a product might
he harmful.)
E. C. D. Chemical Company, 1777 Broadway, New York
City, N. Y.
(D) Fluid En-Ser-Ol. {An alleged catarrh and deaf-
ness cure, consists essentially of camphor, glyc-
erine, water and traces of antiseptics. Worth
about 2 cents and sells for $1; claims absurd.)
Every Woman Company, Chicago, 111.
(D) Every Woman's Flesh Reducer. (A mixrture of
epsom salts, alum,, washing soda and cam,phor,
5 tablespoonfuls to be used m a hot hath as a
flesh reducer; claims absurd. Sells for 89
cents, costs not m,ore than 10, at a liberal es-
timate.)
Evans Sons, Lescher and Webb, Ltd., Liverpool, Lon-
don and New York.
(N) Antiseptic Throat Pastilles. (Consists essen-
tially of gum acacia, licorice, terpin-hydrate,
and ammonium salt; claim's slightly exagger-
HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 135
ated. It would restore the voice and make
breathing easy when there was some sUght diffi-
culty only.)
Giant Chemical Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
(N) A-Corn Salve. {Contadns fat, salicylic acid,
methyl salicylate. Claims moderate, except
that it could hardly remove bunions.)
Grape Capsule Company, 108 Fulton Street, New York,
N. Y.
(N) Cod Liver Oil Capsules. (A good cod liver oil
m capsule form, but is short weight and high
priced considering the amount of oU obtained,
due allowance being made for the expense of
the capsule form; clmms are conservative.)
(N) Olive Oil Grapes. {Olive oil in capsule form, ex-
cessive claims as to its value as a "tissue builder
and flesh creator," as "an appetiser," etc.)
-k Ricinol Grape. (Castor oil.) {A good castor oil
in capsule form. Slightly short weight but
2^/4 grams for ten cents is not excessive.)
Grove, E. W. (Paris Medicine Co., St. Louis, Mo.).
(D) Laxative Bromo-Quinine. {Contains aloin, as a
laxative, bromid and phenacetim (2 grains per
tablet), belladonna and quinine. A mast un-
desirable product., for miscellaneous uncon-
trolled ingestion.)
Hydrox-Chemical Company, New York, Chicago, San
Francisco.
(N) Hydrox Hydrogen Peroxide. (Contains acet-
136 1001 TESTS
anilid as a preservative. Extravagant claims
as to efficacy as a mouth wash.)
Jad Salts Company, New York, N. Y.
(D) Jad Brand Salts. (A shot-gun prescription
which "cures" too many diseases at once. Con-
sists principally of sodium phosphate, sodium
and potassium bicwrhonates and citric and tar-
taric acids, and a very smMl amount of hexa-
methylene tetramine, antiseptic diuretic, as
stated on the label. Odor of formaldehyde
showed partial decomposition of last named in-
gredient. Miscellaneous drugging of this Mnd
is useless and often attended hy an element of
danger. 75 cents is an exorbitant price for four
ounces of this material.)
Kimball, Lucile, 1327 So. Michigan Boulevard, Chicago,
111.
,(D) Obesity Remedy. {Consists of 1. A powder
made up of soap, epsom salts and washing soda,
for external application. 2. Brown tablets
consisting essentially of aloin a laxative, bella-
donna and nux vomica. 3. Pinh tablets to
furnish a tonic arpd stomachic, consisting es-
sentially of capsicum, menthol, and bitter prin-
ciples resembling those from quassia and gen-
tian; harmless in general, but utterly unable to
fulfill the excessive claims made for it as a flesh
reducer.)
HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 137
Kinox Company, Rutlaad, Vermont.
(N) Kinox. {Essentially the product hnown as Chin-
osol, a derivative of quinoUn. A good antisep-
tic sold under a fancy name with extravagant
claims for its application.)
Landshut, Karl, Chicago, 111.
(D) Louisenbad Reduction Salt. (Essentially epsom
salts, worth about 2 cents a pound and sold for
one dollar. That it would prove a "remedy
for obesity without the use of drugs, diet, exer-
cises," by using it in the bath water, is ob-
viously absurd, neither would it "tone the
whole body.")
Lambert Pharmacal Company, St. Lotiis, Mo.
•k Listerine.
Lehn and Fink, New York City.
•k Lysol. (A solution of cresylic acid with a germi-
cidal value about twice that of carbolic; nams
objectionable, as not being descriptive of the
product, which, however, is an excellent one.
Very similar to the "Liquor cresoUs composi-,
tus" of the Pharmacopoeia.)
Luden, W. H., Reading, Pa.
* Menthol Cough Drops, \A simple menthol cough
drop, for which no extravagant medicinal claims
are made. Efficacy of all cough drops is of
course very lirndted.)
1S8 1001 TESTS
Martindale, Thomas, and Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
(D) Royal Olvules. (A first-class olive oU in capsule
form. Disapproved because of the fact that
only two or three ounces are given for $1 and
the claims as to its being a specific for constipa-
tion and a preventative for appendicitis, are
manifestly misleading. A useful and unobjec-
tionable product if properly priced and pre-
sented.)
Medical Formula Company, Chicago, lU.
(D) Calocide Compound. {A foot bath consisting of
alum, salt and gallic acid. Might be very draw-
ing and drying to the feet, undesirably so un-
der some conditions.)
Mentholatum Company, Buffalo, New York.
(D) Mentholatum. {A useful mixture of camphor,
menthol, vaseline and boric acid, but the state-
ment that it wUl give even "quick relief" for
hay fever, pneumonia, croup, neuralgia, rheu-
matism, etc., must be considered decidedly mis-
leading.)
Merck and Company, New York, N. Y.
* Creolin-Pearson. {An efficient disinfectant; for-
mer dangerous claim of "non-poisonous," and
excessive claims as to strength withdravm; ap-
plications and efficiency claims still somewhat
too broad.)
Moller, Peter, London (SchiefFelin and Company, U. S.
Agents, New York).
•k Hydroxyl-Pree Cod Liver Oil. (A very pure, high
HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 139
qualify cod liver oU. The claim, made that it
is hydroxyl-free appears to ie questionable and
claims as to its being a "perfect food," "a uni-
versal remedy," etc., are deprecated as mean-
ingless exaggeration.)
Moras, Dr. E. R., Highland Paxk, Illinois.
(D) Detoxyl. {A tablet consisting essentially of ep-
som salts with citric and tartaric acids in com-
bination with soda. Said to cure practically all
known diseases from pneumonia to whooping
cough, including typhoid fever and delirium tre-
mens, when used in connection with the die-
tetic and hygienic system outlined in the litera-
ture. The claims are obviously impossible of
fulfillment. See article in "Good Housekeep-
ing, April, 1914.)
(D) Eye Cream. {A mixture of cocoa butter and lan-
olin, or some similar fat. No medication what-
ever could be found,, not even boric acid. A
small salve box of this is sold for $2. It is
claimed that all eye troubles can be cured by
massaging the eyelids with it. Pretensions ob-
viously misleading and impossible of fulfill-
ment.)
Musterole Company, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio.
(D) Musterole. {A good mustard and menthol prep-
aration, probably non-blistering as claimed,
but the statements that it would prevent pneu-
monia, and that there is "nothing like it" for
140 1001 TESTS
rheumatism, ' pleurisy, tonsilitis, etc., are mis-
leading.)
New Skin Company, 98 Grand Avenue, Brooklyn, N. T.
"k New Skin. (Essentially a flexible collodion with
amyl acetate; has also antiseptic properties hut
"genn-killing" powers are somewhat problem-
atic.)
Nikola Chemical Company, 449 W. 52nd St., New York,
N.T.
(D) Nikola Bathing Compound and Weight Reducer.
(Essentially washing soda with a little salt.
The claim that it is "Recommended by leading
physicians here and abroad as a weight reducer
and a preventative of gout, rheumatism, kidney
trouble, and all forms of skin diseases" is pal-
pably mdsleading.)
Oakland Chemical Company, New York, N. Y.
"k Dioxogen. (A most excellent household antisep-
tic amd germicide. Claims in regard to de-
struction of diphtheria and other disease germs,
leaving the mouth sterile, affording elective re-
lief in hay fever, etc., too strong, but are in
process of revision.)
Olmsted, Allen S., New York, N. Y.
(N) Allen's Foot Ease. {Essentially talc and boric
acid. No curative value for "ingrowing naiis
and bunions.")
Pond's Extract Company, New York, N. Y.
(N) Pond's Extract. (Distilled extract of witch
hazel; slightly exaggerated claims, though it is
HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 141
not described as a remedy, tut only for use in
earache, ioils, toothache, neuralgia, sore eyes,
etc; claim that "nothing else is so healing to
the skin" is exaggerated.)
Potter Drug and Chemical Company, Boston, Mass.
(D) Cuticura Ointment. {A vaseline and wax prep-
aration, perfumed, depending essentially on the
small amount of phenol present for its anti-
septic value. Claims for its efficacy in treating
humors, ulcers, eczema, etc., greatly over-
stated.)
Pure Gluten Food Company, 90 West Broadway, New
York, N. Y.
(N) Hoyt's "Sweetina." {A preparation of sac-
charin for the use of diabetics. Legitimate
product if plainly named.)
Rueckheim Brothers and Eckstein, Chicago, 111.
^(N) Angelus Cough Drops. (A horehound cough
drop, flavored with sassafras and containing
no drugs. 25 per cent, of glucose and 64 per
cent, of sucrose. Statement that it is highly
recommended for sore throat, is a slight exag-
geration.)
Sam Katz Company, 1325 South Michigan Avenue,
Chicago, 111.
(D) Sam Katz Oxygen Treatment for Catarrh.
{This treatment consists of four parts: (1)
A so-called oxygen germicide, consisting of
sodium perborate flavored with cinnamon. (2)
Plumose fiber, which is absorbent cotton
142 1001 TESTS
heavily impregnated with aromatic suistances,
methyl salicylate, menthol, etc., and (3) tiuo
sets of tablets one of which generates oxygen
on treatment with acid. Product might have
some disinfecting power but is entirely unable
to fulfill the claims made for it as a catarrh cure
and the claims based on the liberation of oxy-
gen in the stomxich and intestines are unscien-
tific and unwarranted.)
Sargol Company, Bingtamton, N. Y.
,(D) Sargol. {The report of State Chemist Street
of Connecticut for 1914 includes the following
statement concerning Sargol:
"The active ingredients identified in the pills
were potassium, sodium, and calcium hypophos-
phites, a magnesium salt, strychnin, and a vege-
table drug or drugs yielding emodin. These
were associated in the mass with soap and a fat
or vegetable oil. In other words these are sim-
ply tonic pills with laxative qualities, and con-
tain nothing, barring of course the starch and
sugar of the coatings, which will offer nutriment
to the 'thin and emaciated.' "
The claims made are obviously absurd, the
towic value of hypophosphites has been dis-
credited by the most competent authorities, and
the strychnin and laxative principles seem to
be the only important ingredients. They can
hardly make "puny, peevish people plump and
HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 143
popular," or assure that "any man or woman
can now be plump amd well developed.")
Spencer Kellogg and Sons, Buffalo, N. Y.
"k Tasteless Castor Oil. {Practically tasteless and
claims for its efficiency only slightly exagger-
ated.)
Stearns, Frederick and Co., Detroit, Mich,
(D) Headache Cure. (Shac.) {A typical headache
remedy containing in each wafer one-half grain
of casein and 4 grains of acetanilid, the latter
being a dangerous and heart depressant drug
which has no remedial value hut merely reduces
the susceptibility to pain.)
Sterizol Sales Company, Boston, Mass.
(D) Sterizol, The Perfect Antiseptic. (An antiseptic
mixture of sodium chlorid and borax, with a
small amount of menthol and thymol. Sold for
$1 a package and recommended for practically
every known HI. Claims for its efficiency and
superiority are entirely unwarranted. Charge
is excessive.)
Sulpho-Napthol Company, Boston, Mass.
(N) Sulpho-Napthol. {A very good coal tar prepara-
tion having from 2.3 to 3.8 times the efficiency
144 1001 TESTS
of carbolic acid, hut the extravagant medicinal
and curative claims might prove misleading to
the la/yman.)
West Disinfecting Company, New York, N. T.
"k C. N. Disinfectant. {A very excellent phenol,
cresol, coal tar disinfectant in concentrated soap
solution; germicidal value nearly six times that
of phenol iut the claims, while much moderated
are stUl slightly broad.)
Woolheal Chemical Company, 149-151 Church street,
New York, N. Y.
^(D) [Wool Heal. {A partially purified wool grease, in-
ferior to the U. 8. P. lanolin. Extravagant
claims made that it will afford immediate re-
lief in the most distressing forms of pimples,
and all flesh and skin blemishes.)
LAED, BUTTERS, AND THEIE SUB.
STITUTES
IT is quite impossible to certify without sanitary
inspection to the materials from which lard and
butter have been made, but careful chemical tests
were made of these products to determine whether
or not they complied with the standards as to the
amount of moisture and the quality and quantity of
the fat present, and were free from artificial color
or preservatives. Over and over we are asked,
"Is oleomargarine wholesome?" and "What is
Criscof" Oleomargarine may digest somewhat
more slowly than butter but this does not prove
that it is less nutritious. There is no reason why
it should not be an acceptable food if honestly sold
at a lower price than the more delicious, but no
more wholesome, butter. This is assuming that
the oleomargarine is made in a cleanly way from
pure neutral lard, beef fat, or vegetable oils, with
or without the admixture of cream or butter.
Crisco, the much advertised cooking fat, is mad6
from cotton seed oil by a special process which
solidifies it. There are no scientific data as to its
145
146 1001 TESTS
relative digestibility, but as far as we know it is a
perfectly wholesome and efficient substitute for
cooking butter and lard. Claims made as to its
taking the place of butter in cake making and the
superiority of foods that are cooked in it, open up
a debatable field to put it mildly. Cooks will
doubtless disagree on these points. It is said
to be richer than butter because it contains less
water and therefore, has relatively more fat in a
given bulk. To this extent it is more economical.
The question of flavoring and consistency, how-
ever, would enter into cake making and it is ques-
tionable whether it takes the place of butter for
such uses ; as a frying medium, it undoubtedly has
certain physical properties which are advantage-
ous. Moreover butter has a special value in pro-
moting growth not possessed by any other fats.
The peanut butters so extensively used now,
especially for children, are included in this section.
These products offer in concentrated form a ration
very high in two of the principal food elements.
All of the products approved contained 45 per cent,
or more of fat, about 29 per cent, of protein, and
approximately 22 per cent, of carbohydrates.
These are plainly rich, highly nutritious foods to
be eaten in small quantities, rather than perfectly
balanced foods for a general diet.
LARD, BUTTERS, SUBSTITUTES 147
TESTED LARD, BUTTERS AND THEIR SUB-
STITUTES
{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (JV) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and leas; see Introduction and page zxriil for
details as to method of rating.)
Ammon and Pearson, Jersey City, N. J.
•k Oleomargarine, Baby Brand. (A properly la-
beled and acceptable oleomargarine, uncolored.
Has no right to appellation "Creamery But-
terine," which is sometimes used and is mis-
leading.)
Armour and Company, Chicago, 111.
* Armour's "Simon Pure" Leaf Lard.
Beechnut Packing Company, Canajoharie, N. Y.
* Beechnut Brand Peanut Butter.
Bosman and Lohman Company, Norfolk, Va.
* Nut-Let Peanut Butter.
Carque Pure Food Company, Los Angeles, California.
-k Carque 's Nut Cream Butter. (Ground nuts with
cocoanut; somewhat extravagant nutritive
claims.)
Forest Home Farm, PurceUville, Md.
■A Lard.
Fairbank, N. K., Company, Chicago and New York.
-k Cottolene. {Cotton seed oil and beef stearin, un-
colored.)
148 1001 TESTS
Fox River Butter Company.
"k Pure Butter. {"Absolutely Pure" claim objec-
tionable, as always. An excellent product,
however, with very low moisture content, show-
ing careful preparation.)
Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.
"k Peanut Butter.
Hills Brothers Company, New York, N. Y.
"k Datenut Butter.
Jones Dairy Farm, Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin.
k Pure Lard.
Morehouse Mills, Chicago, and Los Angeles.
* Mrs. Morehouse's Peanut Butter.
Morris and Company, Chicago, 111.
k Marigold Oleomargarine.
Proctor and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio.
k Crisco. {Cottonseed oil solidified by a special
process.)
Swift and Company, Chicago.
(N) Silver-Leaf Brand Lard. (Of good quality but
does not comply with requirements for a "leaf"
lard, use of the words "Silver-Leaf Brand" con-
sidered misleading.)
k Swift's Premium Oleomargarine.
k Swift's Jersey Brand Oleomargarine.
siv:
MEATS— (CANNED, DEIED, ETC.)
IN many of the dried meats potassium nitrate
(saltpetre) is present in small amounts. It is
not needed to preserve these products but is used
solely to give .the reddish color of fresh meat to
the smoked or dried meat. Its use has never been
forbidden by official ruling, and only very small
amounts are found, but the purpose for which it is
used is clearly misleading, and since nitrate of
potassiimi is rarely employed at present, even for
therapeutic purposes, because it is inferior to the
harmless vegetable potassium salts, and next to the
cyanid and chlorate of potassium salts is consid-
ered the most poisonous of this class of bodies, it
seems to me obvious that its use in a food product
is undesirable. The lowest passing mark has been
given to the recently examined products contain-
ing not more than 0.1 per cent, of potassium ni-
trate, if otherwise of high grade.
TESTED MEATS AND MEAT PKODUGTS,
(CANNED, DRIED, ETC.)
{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (N) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved product*
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
149
150 1001 TESTS
Armour and Company, Chica^, 111.
(N) Sliced Dried Beef. (Short weight and a trace of
saltpetre present.)
Beech-Nut Packing Company, Ganajoharie, N. T.
•k Beech-Nut Brand Sliced Beef.
ir Beech-Nut Brand Sliced Bacon.
Cresca Company, New York, N. T.
•Ar Pat6 de Poies Gras Aux Truffes du Perigord Stras-
bourg (Alsace) Germany.
Derby, H. C, Company, New York, N. T.
ir Derby Brand Lambs Tongues.
Ferris, F. A. and Company.
* Our Trade Mark Ham.
"k Boneless Bacon.
Forest Home Farm, Pureellville, Yirginia.
■k Scrapple (unlabeled).
k Sausage.
k Virginia Ham.
Frank, L., and Son, Milwaukee^ Wisconsin. (Bought of
C. Jevne and Company, 32 South Wabash
Avewue, Chicago, III.)
k Lax Ham.
k Liver Sausage.
k Summer Sausage.
Grand View Farm Produce Company, Lancaster. Pa.
■*■ Pork Sausage.
Gordon and Dilworth, New York City.
k Calves Foot and Head Jelly.
MEATS (CANNED, DRIED, ETC.) 161
Hormel, G. A. and Company, Austin, Mimi.
* Dairy Brand Bacon. .
"k Dairy Brand Ham.
Houston Packing Company, Houston, Texas.
(N) Cooked Whole Ox Tongue — ^Red Cross Brand.
(Small amount of saltpetre present.)
(N) Cooked Compressed Corned Beef — ^Red Cross
Brand. (Small ammmt of saltpetre present.)
Jones Dairy Farm, Fort Atkinson, Wis.
if Bacon.
* Ham.
•k Little Sausage.
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, HI.
(N) Wafer Sliced Dried Beef. (SmMl amount of salt-
petre present.)
(N) Potted Meat, Beef Ham Flavor. (A compound
honestly labeled but not of high quality.)
•k Boneless Chicken.
* Deviled Ham.
(N) Veal Loaf with Pork and Beef Product. (A mis-
cellaneous mixture not of high quality.)
Pond, E. K. Packing Company, Chicago, 111.
(N) Derby Brand Boneless Chicken. (Coarse,
stringy, not high quality, probably old fowls.)
Richardson and Robbins, Dover, Delaware.
■k Boned Chicken.
k Potted Ham.
162 1001 TESTS
Swift and Company, U. S. A.
(N) Premium Ham.
(N) Premium Bacon Sliced.
(Small amount of saltpetre present, good qual-
ity otherwise.)
-k Premium Bacon (Slab).
Underwood, W. M., Company, Boston, Mass.
* Original Deviled Ham.
XV
OLIVE OILS, ETC.
THE olive oils examined uphold the opinion
that under the la-wtthis product as imported
is no longer adulterated to any extent. Nearly all
the samples complied with the standards. Occa-
sionally, some dealer mixes cottonsfeed oil with
olive oil after it is received in this country, as the
difference in price makes the adulteration a most
profitable one. The cotton seed oil, however, is, as
far as we know, just as nutritious and wholesopie
as the olive oil, but merely has less flavor, is less
delicious and should be properly sold imder its own
name and at a lower price.
Careful organoleptic tests were made of six of
the olive oils examined, which all complied with the
standards as far as chemical analysis could deter-
mine, to see whether any difference in quality could
be detected by an unprejudiced jury. The three im-
ported oils included in the test, namely, Artaud,
Barton and Guestier, and the Lucca oil of S. Eae
and Company, were plainly of deep color, and rich,
characteristic flavor and odor. The Pompeian Oil
153
154 1001 TESTS
•was paler in color and blander, the flavor and odor
not being so marked ; while the Heinz oil was unan-
imously considered to have the mildest flavor and
odor, and the palest color ; one juror, however, pre-
ferred it on this account. This seems to establish
the point that personal taste enters too largely into
these fine distinctions of quality to afford any basis
for discrimination and all of the oils starred are at
least pure olive oils complying with the standards.
AU edible oils are easily digested and furnish
heat and energy with small effort on the part of the
body. They spare the carbohydrates and so indi-
rectly may be fattening; besides their nutritive
value and easy digestibility, they serve as a mild,
natural laxative.
TESTED OLIVE OILS, ETC.
'{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a
nonoommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
{D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page zzriii for
details as to method of rating.)
Acker, Merrall and Condit Company, New York City.
* Olive Oil.
Artaud, J. B., and A. Freres, Marseilles, Prance.
* Pure Olive Oil.
Barton and Gueatier, Bordeaux, France.
* Olive Oil.
OLIVE OILS, ETC. 165
Calvet and Company, Water Street, New York, N. T.
* Huile d 'Olive.
Campbell Company, Boston, Mass.
(D) Campbell's Kooking Oil. {Chiefly a cottonseed
oil with some olive oil and possibly a little com
oU. Extravagant claims as to "being a blend of
fruit and vegetable oils, producing a product
more healthy than lard or butter. Claims not
to compete with cottonseed oil when it is
largely cottonseed.)
Castle, The W. A., Company, Springfield, Mass.
* Cream Olive Oil.
Chiris, Antoine, Grasse, France.
* Huile d 'Olive, Surfine, U. S. P.
Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgli, Pa.
•k Pure Olive Oil, Imported. (A lland light oU,
authentic but not as rich in color and flavor
as the other starred products.)
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111.
* Olive Oil, Pure, Imported.
Maspero, C, Inc., (Packers) — ^Lucca, Italy.
(N) Lucca Olive Oil, Extra Fine. {Short measure
and slightly below standard requirements in
some particulars, though no adulterants could
be identified.)
Mentoni Company, The, New York, N. Y.
(N) Italian Olive Oil, Rudelco Brand. (Good qual-
ity, but short weight.)
166 1001 TESTS
Pompeian Company, Washington, D. C.
"k Olive Oil, Pompeian Brand.
Rae, S., and Company, Leghorn.
■k Lucca Oil, Finest Sublime.
Southern Cotton Oil Company, 24 Broad Street, New
York, N. Y.
■k Wesson Snowdrift Oil. {A good cottonseed oil
properly labeled.)
XVI
PEESERVES, PICKLES, ETC.
PRESERVES, jams, and jellies are mucli more
liable to be compounded and adulterated than
are the canned goods which depend simply upon
sterilization for their preservation and are not
mixtures. The housekeeper should read the label
on all preserves very carefully. Artificial coloring
and chemical preservatives, glucose, instead of
sugar, the use of more sugar than fruit, giving a
characterless product, and the mixing of fruit
residues with apple are all faults to be looked out
for with this class of products. Fruits that have
already done service in making jelly may be used
again in preserves and some times phosphoric acid
and citric acid are added to make up for the lacking
flavor of the fresh fruit. Careful label reading
will go far to protect the housewife on these points.
While, of course, entirely wholesome products
may be made by using apples or apple juice for the
foundation and merely flavoring it "vdth other
fruits, these are not of high quality and if they con-
sist principally of apple juice they should be
157
158 1001 TESTS
labeled apple jelly or jam, flavored with, raspberry,
or strawberry. They have no right to the title
"raspberry jam" when they consist principally of
apple, a much cheaper fruit. Whenever the word
"compound" appears npon the label it is a signal
of distress. These compounds uniformly contain
cheaper ingredients than the straight product
which they are intended to replace. In other
words, the term is usually a synonym for adultera-
tion. Compound preserves, as a rule, consist
largely of glucose and derive what little fruit fla-
vor they have from apple and the residues of other
fruits. Compounding is simply cheapening a
product with a view to deception and the preserve
and jam should represent the pure type of its re-
spective kind, if quality is to be attained.
Alum, a substance of very dubious healthful-
ness, sometimes used to give crispness, and cop-
per sulphate to give a vivid green color, are to be
avoided in pickles. AU of the products certified
in this list contain a due amount of the fresh fruit
from which the product is named, give fair weight
and are free from glucose, preservatives, and
added color. Beading the label carefully is al-
most a sure protection on these points.
PRESERVES, PICKLES, ETC. 159
TESTED PRESERVES, PICKLES, ETC.
{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and lesa; see Introduction and page xsviii for
details as to method of rating.)
Acker, Merrall and Condit Company, New York City.
"k Currant Jelly, Black.
"k Currant Jelly, Red.
American Fruit Product Company, Rochester, N. Y.
(N) Clarendon Brand Blackberry and Apple Pure
Jam. (No distinctive flavor, probably should
be labeled "Apple and Blackberry." No glu-
cose present; a cheap, harmless product but not
of "star" quality.)
Austin-Nichols and Company, New York, N. Y.
•k Red Raspberry Preserves.
* Preserved Damsons.
Beech-Nut Packing Company, Canajoharie, N. Y.
* Currant Jelly.
•k Grape, Concord, Jam.
* Grape Fruit Marmalade.
* Quince Jelly.
* Strawberry Jam.
iCresca Company, New York City.
(N) Pistachios. (13 per cent, of glucose was present
in the syrup in which these nuts were paclced^!
should have been declared on the label.)
k Rose Leaves. (A jam.)
160 1001 TESTS
Crosse and Blackwell, London, England.
if Apricot, Fresh Fruit Jam.
•k Chow Chow.
* Gooseberry, Fresh Fruit Jam.
•k Marmalade, Pure Orange.
•k Mixed Pickle.
ir Strawberry, Fresh Fruit Jam.
Cruikshanks Brothers Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.
(N) Apple and Currant Jelly. (No distinctive flavor.
Correctly labeled as it is proiaoly an apple
jelly, slightly flavored with currant. No glu-
cose. A cheap, harmless product, hut not of
"star" quality.)
Curtice Brothers Company, Rochester, N. T.
(D) Blackberries, Preserved. {Preserved with sodium
henzoate.)
(D) Pineapple Marmalade,, with 10 per cent. Apple
Juice.
(D) Quince, Fresh Fruit Jam with 10 per cent. Apple
Juice.
(D) Strawberry, Fresh Fruit Jam with 10 per cent.
Apple Juice.
(D) Raspberry, Fresh Fruit Jam with 10 per cent.
Apple Juice.
(Last four products contain approximately ten
,per cent, of "corn syrup" {glucose), ten per
cent, of apple juice and one-tenth of one per
cent, of henzoate of soda, all declared on the
label.)
PRESERVES, PICKLES, ETC. 161
Ehman Olive Company, Oroville, Cal.
"k California Ehman Ripe Olives.
Gordon and Dilworth, New York, N. T.
"k Orange Marmalade, Pure Fruit Jam.
•A" Pineapple, Pure Fruit Jam.
"k Raspberry, Pure Fruit Jam.
{"Absolutely pure" claim objectionable as al-
ways.)
Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.
* Currant Jelly.
* Euchred Pickle, sweet.
tUt Strawberry Preserves.
Humbert and Andrews, Brooklyn, N. T.
* Raspberry Jam, Acme Brand.
ir Strawberry Jam, Acme Pure.
Jefferson Pickle Company, Richmond, Va.
(N) Sweet Gherkins, F. F. V. Crystallized Pickles.
{PicMes somewhat tough and shriveled.)
Kidd, Mrs. E. G., Richmond, Va.
•k Pia Money Pickles — Gherkins.
Leggett, Francis H., and Company, New York, N. Y.
•k Raspberry Preserves.
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, HI.
•k Queen Olives.
* Red Raspberry Preserves.
* Pure Strawberry Preserves.
* Sweet Midgets.
162 1001 TESTS
Morehouse Mills, Chicago and Los Angeles.
Mrs. Morehouse 's Pure Fruit Jellies.
(N) Crabapple.
(N) Currant and Apple.
(N) Grape and Apple.
(N) Raspberry and Apple.
{Considered misbranded as there is 30 per cent,
of apple juice present and only 20 per cent, of
the fruit from which the product takes its name,
according to declaration on the label. Should
be labeled "apple jelly flavored with grape, cur-
rant, etc. Flavor due to the special fruit
named very slight.)
Olney Canning Company, Burt, Oneida, N. Y.
* Strawberries, Burt Olney 's.
Pratt-Low Preserving Company, Santa Clara, Cal.
"k Green Gage Plums.
Robertson Preserve Company, James, The, SV^est Som-
erville, Boston, Mass.
■k Golden Shred Pure Orange Marmalade.
xvn
SUGAES AND SACCHAEINE PRODUCTS
THE principal sugar of commerce is known as
sucrose. It is produced almost exclusively
from the sugar beet and tlie sugar cane. The
quantity made from the sugar beet, considering
the world's production, is considerably greater
than that made from sugar cane. Chemically, the
sugar from the sugar beet and that from the sugar
cane are identical, but this is only true when both
are pure. Raw sugars from the cane and from
the beet differ most markedly. Raw cane sugars
are aromatic, good tasting, good smelliag and de-
licious. Raw beet sugars are soapy, bad smelling,
bad tasting, and unedible. These differences are
caused by the natural differences in the ingredi-
ents of the cane and the beet. The sugar beet con-
tains large quantities of potash. When heated
the potash unites with the fatty and oUy matters
present in the beet and produces soaps of a bad
smelling and tasting character. The potash salts
themselves are bitter. The juice of the sugar cane
contains very little mineral matter and no un-
163
164 1001 TESTS
savory products are formed when they are sub-
jected to heat. The natural aromatic substances
of the cane give rise to pleasant odors about a
cane factory, while just the opposite obtains at a
beet factory. It is sometimes possible to distin-
guish a refined beet sugar from cane sugar by
its odor, especially if it is kept in a closed con-
tainer.
The pure granulated sugars made from the
sugar beet and sugar cane are equally useful for
domestic purposes. Some manufacturers and
housewives prefer cane sugar for the making of
cake, preserves, jams, jellies, etc., and also cane
sugar is preferred by many confectioners. For
ordinary sweetening purposes, however, for coffee,
tea, etc., there is no difference between a pure
high grade cane sugar and a pure high grade beet
sugar. In the United States the sugars which are
consumed are chiefly cane; in a consumption of
four million tons only about seven hundred thou-
sand tons are derived from the beet.
Invert sugar, which comprises ahnost the whole
of honey, and a considerable portion of molasses
and syrups, is a mixture of two sugars obtained
from cane or beet sugar by a process which is
known as inversion. Invert sugar is sweeter than
sucrose itself and is more difficult to crystallize.
SUGARS, SYRUPS, ETC.
hence, it is an ideal constituent of honeys, symps
and molasses.
The white sugars of commerce are practically all
of a very high grade, heing 99.5 per cent, pure and
over. The remainder consists of ash and mois-
ture. Low grade sugars have almost disappeared
from the American market. We still have a few
brown sugars which represent the second and third
grades of the refinery. These brown sugars con-
tain considerable quantities of moisture and ash,
and also a little invert sugar. They are preferred
for some purposes, in cooking and candy-making,
to the pure white sugars.
Pure white sugars come in three forms, namely,
cut or loaf sugars, granulated sugar and powdered
sugar. These are all practically of equal grade.
There are certain forms of lump sugar that are
very carefully crystallized and broken, such, for
instance, as crystal domino, that sell for a much
higher price than the ordinary granulated sugars.
These high price sugars, however, do not have any
greater sweetening power than those ordinarily
found upon the market.
A great many people do not understand the dif-
ference between molasses and syrups. There is a
distinct commercial difference recognized. Mo-
lasses is a by-product of sugar-making, in other
166 ' 1001 TESTS
■words, after the sugar lias crystallized the residual
liquid portions are separated and constitute the
molasses. Molasses is found in three different
grades, namely, firsts, seconds, and thirds or black-
strap ; meaning the product from the first, second
and third crystallizations respectively. The mo-
lasses is separated by a machine known as a cen-
trifugal, but in the early days of sugar-making the
molasses was separated by gravity, leaving a
brown sugar of rich and aromatic character and
producing a molasses of the finest quality. This
old fashioned New Orleans molasses is no longer
obtainable in the markets.
Syrups are the product of the direct condensa-
tion of the expressed juices of the sugar-producing
plants without the separation of any sugar. The
only treatment which syrups should receive is that
of cleansing during the process of evaporation.
Thus the sap of the maple when evaporated to a
proper consistency produces maple syrup. The
same is true of the sap of the sugar cane and of
sorghum. These three kinds of syrup are prac-
tically the only natural syrups on the market. In
addition to these, a large class of so-called syrups
is made by mixing. The base of the mixture is
usually glucose, incorrectly called "com syrup."
Olucose can be made of potatoes, as well as of In-
SUGARS, SYRUPS, ETC. 16T
dian corn and if it is to be called a synip at all it
should be called either com starch syrup or potato
starch syrup, as the case may he. According to
the standards fixed by the Secretary of Agricul-
ture, according to law, the term "syrup" unquali-
fied signifies only the concentrated sap or juice of
a sugar-producing plant. The mixing of syrups
is more or less misleading in character ; as an ex-
ample, the following may be cited. Glucose in its
natural state is never sold nor used as a table
syrup. The so-called refiners' syrup, which is
the last liquid product of the refinery, has such a
salty taste, and such a peculiar flavor, acquired
during the process of manufacture, as to be prac-
tically inedible. A large business is done in this
country by mixing glucose with refiner's syrup or
sugar syrup and selling them as a table syrup
imder various fancy names, such as Karo, Velva,
etc.
There are many mixtures of maple syrup with
other syrups, especially sugar syrup. In some
States the percentages of the mixtures are
required to be named upon the label. This should
be the case everywhere. The quantity of maple
syrup employed is usually extremely minute,
scarcely sufficient to give the definite maple flavor,
yet such syrups are sold under such a guise as to
168 1001 TESTS
indicate to the consumer that they are largely the
product of maple. The pure food law has proved
to he a great protection to the huyers of maple and
other syrups, but it is not as complete a protection
as could he hoped. The consumer who goes into a
grocery store to-day and asks for syrup is not very
apt to get an article which properly bears that
name. He is more likely to secure a mixture of
different kinds of syrups than to secure a pure
cane, maple or sorghimi product.
The use of sulphur fumes in clarifying saccha-
rine juices and of solutions of salts of tin in
whitening sugar in the centrifugal machines, in-
troduces into the residual molasses these two ob-
jectionable products. Any notable quantity of
these products, especially of sulphur dioxide would
lead to the placing of the article in the noncom-
mittal or disapproved classes. With misgivings,
I have starred samples of molasses containing not
over 0.007 per cent, of sulphur dioxide, according
them the lowest rating for a ' ' star ' ' product, to this
extent overlookiag this minute amount of sulphur
dioxide, because of the otherwise exceptionally
good qualities of the product and the condition of
the trade and official rulings on this point.
Honey Is composed almost exclusively of invert
sugar, Trhich is gathered by bees from flowers and
SUGARS, SYRUPS, ETC. 169
stored in the comb. The temptation to adulterate,
especially the strained honeys, is great, inasmuch
as the addition of glucose, of a syrup made from
invert sugar, or of pure cane sugar syrup can be
profitably practiced. These forms of adultera-
tion, however, are easily detected by the chemist
and the practice is much less prevalent than was
formerly the case.
TESTED SUGARS AND SACCHARINE
PRODUCTS
{Starred products (-k) are rated at 85 to 100; (2V) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
{D], rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
Adirondacks Maple Company, Lowviile, Lewis County,
N. T.
ir Pride of the Ad-i-ron-dacks Maple Syrup.
(On retesting product showed marked improve-
ment, complying with all requirements except
that it contained 2 per cent, too much water.)
American Sugar Refining Company.
•k Crystal Domino Sugar.
•k Crystal Domino Confectioner's Sugar.
■k Crystal Domiao Granulated Extra Pine Sugar.
if Crystal Domino Powdered Sugar.
* Crystal Domino Cane Sugar Syrup. {Largely in-
170 1001 TESTS
vert sugar with probably a little refiner's
syrup.)
Corn Products Refining Company, New York, N. T.
(D) Karo, Dark Colored. (Largely glucose, with ap-
proximately 10 to 15 per cent, of refiner's
syrup, the last product of the sugar refinery.
Not a true edible syrup, as it consists largely
of dextrin, which is not a sugar at all, and
the standards and usage require that an edible
syrup should be a sugar or saccharine product.
Not a "corn syrup" but a "corn starch syrup,"
or commercial glucose flavored with refiner's
syrup.)
(D) Karo, Light Colored. (Consists largely of glu-
cose and approximately 10 per cent, of sugar
syrup and flavoring material, vanilla. The
comment made above applies to this product
also.)
Duff, P., and Sons, Pittsburgh, Pa.
* New Orleans Molasses. (Minute quantities of
sulphur dioxide and tin present.)
Heam and Jones, New Orleans, La.
■*r "Woman's Club Brand, Pure Molasses. (Minute
quantities of sulphur dioxide and tin present.)
Humbert and Andrews, Brooklyn, N. T.
•k Acme Brand Pure Strained Honey.
Leggett, Francis H., and Company, New York, N. Y.
"k Premier Brand Strained Honey.
SUGARS, SYRUPS, ETC. 171
Leslie-Dunham and Company, Jersey City, N. J.
(N) Leslie's Maple Syrup. {A border line product,
mineral ingredients are too low for a first-class
maple syrup; either a very poor run or a mix-
ture.)
Love, J. S., Hattiesburg, Miss.
"k Pure Cane Molasses. {Beally a high grade cane
syrup, incorrectly called molasses.)
New England Maple Syrup Company, Boston, Mass.
"k Golden Tree Pure Honey.
(N) Vermont Maple Sap Syrup. {A border line
product. Claims "choicest quality, absolutely
pure," which it is not. May have been the last
run of the sap, or the product of a poor sea-
son.)
Park and Tilford, New York, N. Y.
•k Amber Bt • (-^ pure sugar solution. Term
"ai..^:. ' slightly misleading, as there is a rec-
ognized variety of sorghum syrup bearing that
name.)
Penick and Ford, New Orleans, La.
•k Velva Brand Breakfast Syrup. (Green label.
Contained a minute amount of sulphur dioxid.)
(D) "Velva Syrup. (Bed label. Cane syrup, and 40
per cent, of glucose. Contains more sucrose
than Kara but the same type of product. A
sub-label declares the presence of "corn syrup."
Misleading because "Velva Brand" breakfast
172 1001 TESTS
syrup is a true syrup while this is a cheap mix-
ture sold under the same brand name.)
Stromeyer, J., and Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
•k Stromeyer Brand "Penn Mar" of Fancy Table
Syrup. (A good sugar syrup with a little high
grade refiner's syrup added; generally extrav-
agant claims made for its fame and delicious-
ness.)
Towle Maple Products Company, St. Johnsbury, Vt.
(N) Log Cabin Syrup. {Analysis indicates about 20
per cent, of maple. The Towle process appears
to "mellow and preserve the delicate maple
flavor" chiefly by diluting the maple. Such a
claim is misleading though statement is made on
label "Made of pure cane sugar and maple
sugar.")
Vagt, R., Brooklyn, N. Y.
* Emerson Brand Pure Honey.
Vermont Maple Sugar Maker's Market, Eandolph, Ver-
mont.
(N) Vermont Maple Syrup. {A border line product,
deficient in the mineral substances, which are
characteristic of a true, high-grade maple
syrup.)
Welch Brothers Maple Company, Burlington, Vt.
* Vermont Maple Syrup. {SUghtly deficient in the
mineral substances characteristic of a high-grade
maple syrup, but complies with ail other re-
quirements and is properly concentrated.)
xvni
TOILET ARTICLES
COLD CREAMS
MANY are the inquiries received concerning
the relative merits of cold creams, the beau-
tifying claims made for them, the best types to be
used, which ones will grow hair on the face and
which wiU not, presence of harmful ingredients,
etc.
There are three principal types of cold creams ;
first, the grease creams, which have a base of
petroleum or vaseline, with a little wax and sper-
maceti, which is the commonest type ; second, the
greaseless or "vanishing" creams which consist
chiefly of glye^iand soap ; and third, the casein
preparations, such as the Pompeian cream. If
the massaging with cold creams causes hair to
grow on the face it is due to the stimulation of the
circulation rather than to the grease. This theory
has led nearly all makers of face creams loudly to
denounce their competitors' products, as "Hair-
growing creams," while declaring that their own
will "not promote the growth of down on the
173
174 1001 TESTS
face." It is safe to say that one is no more harm-
ful than another in this particular. It cannot be
said that any one type is any better than another
in general. The selection of a cold cream depends
entirely upon the needs of the individual skin, the
climate (dry high altitudes, wind and dust, calling
especially for such massage), amount of outdoor
exercise and exposure, etc. For some skins
glycerin is agreeable and soothing and for others it
is not. This is something which must be deter-
mined by experiment. The chief objections to
these products are the altogether ridiculous claims
made for them. It is well enough to cleanse the
pores of the skin thoroughly by massage with a
cold cream, thus offsetting the drying or roughen-
ing effects of wind and weather, stimulating the
circulation and rendering the flesh more firm.
Further than this they have no efficacy; they will
not "rejuvenate the countenance" nor perform
any miracles of healing, nor will ffi^y "overcome
pimples or eruptions," which are nearly always
due to the general health and condition of the
blood. Where such claims were very misleading,
the product has been disapproved, which does not
mean that it is harmful in itself. Many of these
creams contain some boric acid as an antiseptic,
perfume, water, soap, etc. The peroxide creams.
TOILET ARTICLES 175
so-called, are usually inisbranded, owing to the fact
that the peroxide, even if it has been added in good
faith, as is sometimes the case, is present in such
unstable form that it quickly decomposes and loses
its efficiency. None is found in the finished prod-
uct, and therefore, no bleaching effect will be pro-
duced by the majority of the creams as found on
the market.
It has been established in the courts in connec-
tion with a case brought against Sartoin, a so-
called "skin food," that this claim is not permis-
sible and that you cannot feed the skin by external
applications. The skin must be fed by assimilation
from within. In the Notice of Judgment published
in regard to this product, the statement was made
that "there is no such thing as a 'skin food' sep-
arate and apart from a food that nourishes all
parts of the body"; "said article and preparation
could not possibly be a food under any circum-
stances." This particular product, incidentally,
consisted of epsom salts, colored pink and was of-
fered as a skin food, whereas many of the bath
mixtures offered as reduction cures, have the same
constituent. Strange that the same preparation
should reduce the weight under one label and
* ' feed the tissues ' ' under another. This is a good
example of the foolish conflicting claims made for
176 1001 TESTS
these simple preparations. "Madame Tale's"
skin food was 76 per cent, vaseline, mixed with,
fixed oil and zinc oxide, perfumed and colored pink.
The courts declared that the statement: "It is
soothing in its effect on the skin, healing as a
magic halm and fattening in its qualities" was
false and misleading in that "the said drug is sim-
ply an ordinary ointment." It is strange in the
face of these facts that the makers of cold creams
will continue to make such obviously false claims
for their harmless, simple products.
The following is the pharmacopoeial formula for
a cold cream, which any one can have put up at a
drug store; or a petrolatum product may he
bought in bulk as used by the theatrical profession,
much more cheaply than when bought in small
fancy packages.
Ointment of Base Water
Spermaceti 125 grains.
White Wax 120 "
Expressed Oil of Almond 560 "
Sodium Borate 5 "
Stronger Rose Water 190 ' '
To make about (2 lbs. 3 oz.) . 1000 grams.
The only really dangerous products among the
cold creams are the so-called freckle creams, which
TOILET ARTICLES 177
contain artunoniated mercury, a poisonous ingredi-
ent which causes the skin to peel and takes the
freckle with it. Zinc oxide is also pronounced in-
jurious by the Public Health Bureau.
TESTED TOILET PREPARATIONS *
{Starred products (♦) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved prodiicts
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xzviii for
details as to method of rating.)
COLD CREAMS
American Druggists' Syndicate, Long Island City, N. Y,
(D) A. D. S. Antiseptic Shaving Cream. {Consists of
a semi-liquid soap containing a small amount
of benzaldehyde and glycerin. Extravagant
claims decrying soap, when it is merely a soap
preparation. Antiseptic value slight.)
(D) Peredixo Cream. {Soap, water and starch; no
peroxide found. Claims to he "The original
Peroxide Cream," and to contain "peredixo,"
a great healing agent, unwarranted.)
Armour and Company, Chicago, 111.
(N) Creme Luxor. {The usual type of "vanishing"
cream containing glycerin and soap. A good
product still handicapped with extravagant
* These are in no sense complete statements of analyses ; only
the most essential and characteristic ingredients are mentioned.
178 1001 TESTS
clams such as "rejuvenates," "'healing,"
though former labels implying "skin nourish-
ment" have been withdrawn.
(N) Luxor Cold Cream. {A white petrolatum and
wax product, of good quality, perfumed; mis-
leading statements to the effect that it is "un-
equaled," "soothes all irritations of the shin,"
"rejuvenates," etc., still remain, though the
"skin food" claims, etc., have been withdrawn.)
B. H. Company, The, Boston, Mass.
"k Priscilla Parsons Cold Cream. {Consists of white
petrolatum, wax, and boric acid perfumed,
"for general use.")
if Priscilla Parsons Liquid Cream. {Borax, stearic
acid and glycerin, perfumed; "A skin cleanser
for tourists"; no m/isleading claims. Good
products and dignified labeling.)
Colgate and Company, New York, N. T.
•k Cold Cream. (Fat, petrolatum, wax, soap, and
perfume. Claim that it is "unequaled" is not
warranted.)
Crane, James C, 108 Pulton Street, New York, N. Y.
"k Creme Elcaya. {A good glycerin and soap prod-
uct, perfumed. Statement that it "wUl not pro-
mote growth of hair like the usual cold creams"
is objectionable; "renders skin soft, white and
beautiful" is also mildly extravagant.)
TOILET ARTICLES 179
Daggett and Ramsdell, New York, N. Y.
* Perfect Cold Cream. {Fat, wax, petrolatum, soap
and perfume. Typical of a good grease cream.
Superlative statements that it is "unequaled
for massage" — "The iest of all applications,"
etc., unwarranted.)
De Meridor Company, The, New York and Paris.
(D) Creme de Meridor. {The soap and glycerin
type, perfumed, containing 73 per cent, of
water, no fat or wax. Impossiile cladms as to
stimulating and nourishing the shin, and over-
coming sallowness, freckles, eruptions, etc.; un-
warranted inference that greasy creams deaden
and injure the skin.)
Espey, J. E., Chicago, 111.
•k Fragrant Cream, Espey 's. (A very pleasing glyc-
erin and Irish moss compound horated. Ex-
treme quality claims and use of superlatives
are deprecated. Said to ie the "only perfect
substitute for glycerin," when it contains glyc-
erin.)
Fay, C, Paris.
(N) Creme Imperatriee. (A saponifidble fat, colored
pink and perfumed, containing some zinc ozide
and bismuth subcarbonate. Absurd claims as
to preventing and concealing wrinkles and
freckles. No special advantage over cold cream
for general use, as claimed.)
180 1001 TESTS
Franco-American Hygienic Company, Chicago, 111.
(N) Hygienic Creme Bogiene. (A good glycerin
preparation containing boric acid, soap and
water. Meaningless claims that it wUl "impart
a transparent effect not achievable by any other
treatment.")
Gannon, E. M., Woodside, N. J., or W. M. Willett, San
Francisco, Cal.
(D) Wakelees Camelline. (A suspension of bismuth
suhcarbonate, and calcium carbonate in rose
water, colored pink. Extravagant claims that
it will "remove eruptions, sallowness, restore
the color of youth, preserve the teeth from de-
cay," — "a new discovery," etc.)
Gille, E., 1 Hamilton Grange, New York.
(D) Almond Skin Food. {Saponifiable fat with al-
mond perfume. Had become rancid; name not
warranted, in any respect. Improbable that
true almond is used and there is no such thing
as "a skin food.")
■k Disappearing Cream. (The usual soap and glyc-
erin compound with boric add and perfume.)
(N) Lemon Cleansing Cream,
(N) Strawberry Beauty Cream.
(Fair quality; saponifiable fat, perfumed
with lemon in one case and colored with co-
chineal in the other.)
TOILET ARTICLES 181
Graham, Mrs. Gervaise, 1475 Michigan Avenue, Chicago,
HI.
(D) Kosmeo, (Saponifiable fat and perfume. Of
only ordinary quality; cladms that "It has no
equal," "keeps the skin fine grained," not per-
missible.)
Hinds, A. S., Portland, Me.
(N) Honey and Almond Cream. (A good glycerin
and soap preparation, containing borax and al-
cohol; amounts of honey and almond are neg-
ligible in the finished product. Could not be
found by the chemist though certified to be
added in small amounts. Considered mis-
hranded for this reason.)
Hubert, Professor, Toledo, Ohio.
(D) Hubert's Malvina. {One of the dangerous
freckle creams, contains ammoniated mercury
(a poisonous salt), mineral oil and fat; is of-
fered for saltrheum, ring worm, etc., as well as
for freckles and falling hair.)
Imperatrix Company, New York, N. Y.
* Imperatrix Skin-Cream. {Perfumed lanolin {fat
from sheep's wool) especially absorbent.
Claims as to efficiency for beautifying the skin,
treatment for pimples, black heads, etc., mildly
objectionable.)
Johnson, B. J., Soap Company, Milwaukee, Wis.
(D) Palmolive Cream. {Petrolatum, wax, saponi-
182 1001 TESTS
fiaible fat, boric acid and perfume. Most ex-
treme claims are made as to its nutritious prop-
erties, "an actual body food acting Uke magic,
healing in a night." Name also mdsleading as
it contains little if any palm and olive oils. The
claims, however, are impossible regardless of its
composition.)
Keder, Charles C, Atlantic City, N. J.
(D) Superior Cold Cream. (A petrolatum, wax, and
saponifiable fat product, perfumed with rose
geranium. The claims that it is "The cream
that is different," "is superior to all others for
massage purposes," "feeds the tissues and pre-
vents wrinkles," "is the only thorough cleanser
on the market," are not warranted in any par-
ticular.)
Lyon Manufacturing Company, Brooklyn, N. T.
(D) Hagan's Magnolia Balm. {A glycerin, zinc oxide
and water lotion. Claims to be a "secret aid
to beauty, restore the bloom of youth to faded
cheeks, resist the ravages of time, eradicate
freckles, eruptions, etc."; could do none of
these things, obviously.
Marietta Stanley Company, Grand Rapids, Mich.
(N) "Sempra Giovine" (Always Young). {A solid
cake mode of a mixture of palm and other oils
for massage purposes. Formerly very ex-
travagant daims were made for this product,
TOILET ARTICLES 183
which have been notably moderated. The name
itself is somewhat objectionable, as no massage
medium is a "fountain of eternal youth.")
Plexo Preparations Inc., New York and Paris.
"k Plexo Cleansing Cream. (Unsaponifiable oil with
wax, perfumed. General claims only mildly ex-
aggerated.)
(N) Plexo Greaseless Cream. '{Stearic acid, soap,
glycerin, borax, and perfums, not entirely
greaseless, therefore not a "perfect vanishing
cream." Could not give "healthy, natural
color and glow," as claimed.)
Pompeian Manufacturing Company, 28 Prospect Street,
Cleveland, OMo.
-k Massage Cream. {Moist casein with benzaldehyde,
benzoic acid, and a harmless pink dye. Mod-
erate claims made based chiefly on the value of
the massage. A stiff greaseless product.)
Pond's Extract Company, Clinton, Conn.
* Vanishing Cream. {A typical well compounded,
glycerin and soap preparatidn, perfumed.)
Pray, Dr. J. Parker, 12 B. 23rd street. New York, N. Y.
(D) Van-Ola. (Zinc oxide, mineral oil, wax, fatty
oU. CloAms to be the "Finest compound
known," to "cure pimples," etc.; composition
does not warrant claims.)
•k Dr. Pray's Gloria-Lily Lotion. (A preparation
of glycerin, boric acid, Irish moss and ar&matie
184. 1001 TESTS
ialsam. Slightly extravagant claims as to cur-
ing sunburn, rough dry shin, etc.)
Pura Manufacturing Company, Lancaster, Pa.
(D) Almond Dulee Hymettus Honey Cream. {Free
fat and stearic acid, held as an emulsion with
soap, water and probably gum; borax and in-
vert sugar present, perfumed with hemalde-
hyde and other oils. Nothing in composition to
warrant the claim that it is a very quick amd
efficient remedy for burns, scalds and shin
eruptions. Its antiseptic action is slight and
honey and almond present in very small
amounts if at all.)
Rose Petal Wrinkle Cream Company, Kidgefield Park,
N.J.
(D) Eose Petal Wrinkle Cream. {Two ounces of a
soft grease perfumed with rose geranium and
sold for one dollar. Would have no special
value in "preventing wrinkles," or in "keep-
ing the complexion fresh and youthful as com-
pared with any cold cream.")
Royal Manufacturing Company, Toledo, Ohio.
(D) Rex Wrinkle Pencil. {Consists of petrolatum,
wax and saponifiable fat like lard or stearin.
No special efficacy for "sallow complexion,"
"large pores," etc.)
Simon, J., Faubourg St. Martin, 59, Paris.
:*r Creme Simon. {Zinc oxide, glycerin, and per-
TOILET ARTICLES 185
fume. Mildly objectionable claims, such as
"unrinaled for care of skin," etc.)
Stillman's Freckle Cream Co., Aurora, Ills.
(D) Stillman's Freckle Cream. (Another of the ob-
jectionable freckle creams containing ammoni-
ated mercury.)
To-Kalon Manufacturing Company, Inc., New York,
London and Paris.
^(D) Creme Tokalon. (This cream consists of water,
glycerin, boric acid and considerable free fatty
acids, probably a mixture of stearic and pal-
mitic with a little gummy substance, possibly
Irish mx)ss. No soap is present and no oils or
fats. A good glycerin preparation with im-
possible claims, such as "Possesses astonishing
properties for quickly restoring the appearance
of youth," "Meets all the requirements of both
health and beauty," "After one application
over night will produce most astonishing re-
sults," etc.)
HAIR TONICS, SHAMPOOS, ETC.
Few hair tonics are injurious, biit fewer still can
fulfill the claims that are made for them. A hair
tonic is usually an alcoholic solution of some of the
hodies (such as resoreia, cantharides, and pilo-
carpin), heKeved to have some stimulative effect
on the scalp. They owe their efficiency in no small
degree to the massage with which they are applied.
In hair health, as in hody health, the treatment
must be fitted to the conditions and therein lies the
weakness of all such generalized treatments. The
health of the hair depends to a great extent upon
the health of the body, nervous condition, circula-
tion of the blood, etc., and where this is the case,
obviously external treatment is only palliative. It
cannot cure. One person's hair may be too dry
and another too oily. Is it common sense to apply
the same treatment to both? In one case a little
carbolated vaseline massaged into the scalp might
be of more benefit than a drying alcoholic tonic.
The stimulative principles, when they are expen-
sive, are usually present in very small amounts.
We are not going into the hair tonic business, but
suggest the following formula put up with water
186
TOILET ARTICLES 187
instead of alcoliol, as one having general stimula-
tive principles: Pilocarpin nitrate, 1 gram; re-
sorcin, 25 grams ; water, 500 grams.
As for the various shampoo powders which de-
pend upon washing soda and borax to dry out the
hair and give the fluffy effect promised, they must
certainly be injurious if their use is long contin-
ued. They are expensive and the claims made
for them are not true. Nearly all of the tonics
claiming to "restore the color of the hair" with-
out dyeing it depend upon the interaction of lead
acetate and sulphur to brown the hair. Lead
acetate is a poisonous salt and while the actual
injury done will vary with the individual suscep-
tibility, the extent to which the tonic is used, etc.,
it cannot be considered a legitimate ingredient of
a product to be rubbed into the scalp.
Black hair dyes frequently contain nitrate of
silver, which while less poisonous than lead, is stUl
dangerous when used by the inexperienced. Seri-
ous consequences frequently follow the constant
use of such products, the damage varying with the
individual susceptibility. No hair dyes can be
recommended. As one eminent dermatologist has
said, "The only sensible thing to do with gray hair
is to admire it." Dyeing is unesthetic, as well as
unhygienic. The hair soon becomes dead and
188 1001 TESTS
dingy in color and repeated applications of the dye
must be made, so that the results are undesirable
from the standpoint of beauty, as well as from
that of cleanliness and health.
TESTED HAIR TONICS, SHAMPOOS, ETC.*
(Starred prodticts (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
Alexander and Mendes, New York, N. T.
•k Brilliantine (Carnation). {Merely an unsapom-
fiable oil, perfumed vnth cloves. Harmless hut
no lasting efficacy.)
American Druggists Syndicate, Long Island City, N. Y.
"k A. D. S. Liquid Shampoo. {A liquid soap contain-
ing about 60 per cent, of water.)
Empress Manufacturing Company, New York City.
(D) Empress Improved Instantaneous Hair Color
Restorer. (A solution of paratoluylene diamine
with sodium sulphite and sodium hydroxide.
Ammonium persulphate is also present. One
of the least objectionable anilin dyes but could
not be guaranteed to be noninjurious in all
cases. Statement that it is "absolutely harm-
less" and "perfectly hygienic" could not be
guaranteed for this or any other hair dye. Is
not a "color restorer" but a dye.)
* These are in no sense complete statements of analyses ; only
the most essential and cha,racteriBtio ingredients are mentioned.
TOILET ARTICLES 189
Grille, E., 1 Hamilton Grange, New York, N. Y,
(N) Dandruff Salve. {Fat perfumed with oil of
cloves. No special claims made; of no more
value than any good vaseline.)
(D) Shampoo (Spun Gold).
(D) Tonic (Spun Gold).
{A deliberate deception, as the shampoo is es-
pecially stated to be not a bleach, which is
true, but the accompanying "tonic" is nothing
more nor less than the regular bleach, peroxide,
containing acetanilid.)
Giroux Manufacturing Company, Buffalo, N. Y.
if Parisian Sage Hair Tonic. {No harmful ingre-
dients present. Contains glycerin, capsicum
and very little sage, name hardly justified.
Small amounts of resorcin and cantharides in-
dicated. The claims made in the advertising
material are moderate, as they should be.)
Hall, R. P., and Company, Nashua, N. H.
(N) Hall's Hair Renewer. {No lead and true to
label. Moderate claims made, "For the treat-
ment of falling hair," etc., but "Restores hair
in the majority of cases," too strong for any
hair tonic.) -
Hiscox Chemical Works, Patchogue, N..Y.
(D) Parker's Hair Balsam. {A solution of lead
acetate with suspended sulphur. The lead salt
is poisonous.)
190 1001 TESTS
Johnson, B. J., Soap Company, Milwaukee, "Wis.
(N) Palm-Olive Shampoo. (No constituent found
whdch justified the name. Soap and glycerin
present with alcohol as declared.)
Lavox Company, The, Chicago, 111.
(D) Lavox Shampoo powder. (Soap and horax.
Claims that it does not make the hair dry and
"brittle and should he used once a week and
does not destroy the oil of the scalp, otviously
mdsleading.)
Peterson, H. S., and Company, Chicago, HI.
(D) Canthrox. (Borax, soap and haJcing soda. A
mixture that would dry out the natural oils and
proiably he injurious if continually used.
Price out of all proportion to cost. Composi-
tion seems to vary from time to time.)
Philo Hay Specialties Company, Newark, N. J.
(D) Hay's Hair Health. (Another solution of sul-
phur and lead acetate, the latter deemed dan-
gerous.)
Pinaud, Ed., 18 Place Vendome, Paris.
"k Eau de Quinine. (An alcoholic extract of qui-
nine, delicately perfumed. Amount of quinine
present is very small and its tonic properties
are prohlematic. Claims, however, are mod-
erate, as they should he.)
Seele-Thompson Company, New York.
(D) Mme. Seele's French Hair Bluing. (Harmless,
TOILET ARTICLES 191
hut claims to ie not a dye or stain while it is
in reality methyl violet, a coal tar dye.)
Tokalon, Inc., New York.
(D) Lavona (de Composee). {A liquid in a three
ounce iottle, consisting essentially of alcohol
25 per cent., salicylic acid, glycerin, some
saponin-like substance {protdbly present as
quillaja — soap hark tree — extract) , a suggestion
of oU of hay, and water. No alkaloids, caf-
fein nor tannin present. Claims that it is "an
unrivaled hair tonic" and "contains the most
efficacious drug known for stimulating the ac-
tivity of the hair growing follicles as well as the
pigment-forming cells," unwarranted.)
Vibert, F.j Lyons, France.
(D) Petrole Hahn for the Hair. {Ahout %2 of the
volume of the liquid is mineral oil, mostly
kerosene; contains no metals nor resorcin; essen-
tially alcohol, water, mineral oil, with per-
fuming and pungent oils and some resinous
drug. The alcohol is antiseptic and the min-
eral oil has some value, hut the claims that
"without any exaggeration the action of Petrole
Hahn may he described as marvelous," "It is
indispensable to all who value and wish to retain
abundant hair," "to retain its natural color,
etc.," are untenable.)
192 1001 TESTS
Warden Company, Chicago, 111.
(D) Ward's Dandru-Cide Shampoo. (Ten cents'
worth of crystallized washing soda sold for one
dollar. Altogether too haa-sh and drying an
alkali for use as a shampoo and the price is
exorbitant. Clams to he "a magical prepara-
tion," "unsurpassed for treatment of an itch-
ing scalp," "The world famous dandruff de-
stroyer," etc.)
Waldeyer and Betts, 170 Fifth Avenue, New York,
N. Y.
(N) Swedish Hair Powder. (Merely talc, starch, and
powdered orris, used to remove the oil of the
hair by brushing. Harmless but hardly "A
shampoo substitute.")
Wildroot Chemical Company, Buffalo, N. Y.
(D) Dandruff Kemedy, Wildroot. (^Contains arsenic,
and some phenolic body, probably resorcin; per-
fumed and colored. The trace of alkaloidal
material present was too small for identifica-
tion. Contains 40 per cent, of alcohol, as de-
clared, and less than y^^ of one per cent, of non-
volatile matter. Claims that it is an herb com^
pound and a positive remedy for eczema and
dandruff obviously untenable.)
MISCELLANEOUS PREPAEATIONS
These miscellaneous toilet preparations present
but little opportunity for comment, except that the
depilatories and perspiration preventatives are of
dubious efficacy, and of very doubtful healthful-
ness. Perspiration should not be checked and the
products used to bring this about are usually irri-
tating and contract the pores so that a double harm
may be done.
Many inquiries are received in regard to the
depilatories. They nearly all depend upon sodium
or barium sulphide, which removes the hair super-
ficially, with more or less danger, varying with the
frequency of its use, the amount applied, and the
sensitiveness of the individual skin. As long as
the root of the hair is not destroyed, the hair will
return and the claims made for these products are
out of all proportion to their efficiency. Nearly
always fancifully named toilet preparations con-
tain simple, well known ingredients for which ex-
travagant claims are made and an exorbitant
price is charged. They are usually harmless, ex-
cept in so far as one's time and money are wasted
and only disappointment ensues.
193
194 1001 TESTS
TESTED MISCELLANEOUS PEEPAEATIONS •
{Starred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {N) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
Annotir and Company, Chicago, 111.
(N) Luxor Bath. Powder, (Fifty cents is an exorbi-
tant price for a package of crystallized, ^per-
fumed, washing soda. Is not "exhilarating and
invigorating," as formerly claimed.)
B. H. Company, Boston, Mass.
(D) PrisciUa Parsons Perspiration Preventative. (J.
water solution of zinc chloride. Might he irri-
tating, which fact is virtually admitted on the
label. The artificial checking of perspiration
by possibly irritating substances cannot be con-
sidered hygienic.)
B. and P. Company, Cleveland, Ohio.
(N) Wrinkle Eradieator. (Merely sheets of perfor-
ated court plaster; mechanically may have some
value in stretching the skin, but the claims as
to medication are not substantiated.)
De Miracle Chemical Co., New York City.
(D) De Miracle Depilatory. (An aqueous solution
•These are in no sense complete statements of analyses; only
the most essential and characteristic ingredients are mentioned.
TOILET ARTICLES 196
of sodium sulphide, containing dissolved sul-
phur with a trace of sodium sulphite and per-
fumed with hay rum. Very extravagant claims
are made for this simple preparation, which
merely removes the hair superficially.)
Dry Pits Lotion Company, St. Louis, Mo.
(D) Dry Pits Lotion. {Two and one-half ounces of
aluminum chloride in water. Price on label
$1. An extravagant preparation of doubtful
efficacy and healthfulness. Checking of per-
spiration by these astringents cannot be con-
sidered harmless.)
Floridine Manufacturing Company, 42 FranMin Street,
New York.
(N) Lustr-ite Nail Enamel. (J. harmless infusorial
earth for polishing the finger nails; exaggerated
claims.)
Forquignon Manufacturing Company, New York,
N. Y.
(N) F. B. Poronga Nail Bleach. {Tartaric acid and
boric acid, colored with a green coal tar dye.
Therefore the claim "purely vegetable" is not
warranted. Is slightly antiseptic and non-
injurious.
(N) F, B. Polpasta Nail Enamel. {Petrolatum with
pumice stone, boric acid and soluble dye. Anti-
septic and preservative virtues claimed are very
slight.)
196 1001 TESTS
Miihlens and Kropff, New York, N. Y.
• ik Eau de Cologne Sea Salt.
Mum Manufacturing Company, 1106 Chestnut street,
Philadelphia, Pa.
(N) Mum (Deodorant). (A harmless deodorant con-
sisting of fat with benzoic acid and zinc oxide.
No special claims made. Efficacious in some
cases.)
Murray, Joseph T., Rochester, N. Y.
(D) Beaux Yeux. {A glycerol of pepsin, colored
with cochineal and flavored with oil of rose.
The pepsin present is in an active state and
was found to digest egg albumen. Would
brighten the eyes only when natural pepsin was
lacking, and dull eyes were due to indigestion!
A most overrated product as it could not "in-
tensify the natural color of the eyes and make
them very brilliant.")
Odorono Company, Cincinnati, Ohio.
(N) Odor-0-No. {Essentially an aluminum product,
with a little free hydrochloric acid, artificially
colored; 1% fluid ounces sold for fifty cents.
The formula has been changed from time to
time. While not actively dangerous, individu^il
toleration varies widely in such cases and con-
tinued use of such a preparation may clog the
pores and irritate the skin.)
TOILET ARTICLES 197
Pray, Dr. J. Parker, 12 E. 23rd. street, New York, N. Y.
"k Diamond Nail Enamel. (Infusorial earth, eosin
{coloring). Claim "a hrUliamcy equal to dia-
monds," is obviously a flight of fancy.)
(D) Ongoline. {Tartaric acid and orange flower
water; claims to be a new compound having
special efficacy and warns against oxalic a^id,
which is more efficacious and while poisonous is
not injurious for external use.)
(D) Rosaline. {Essentially fat, wax and eosin {col-
oring). The claims that it is "A skin ieauti-
fier, containing high medicinal virtues," that
it "preserves the skin," and is "superior to
amy rouge," are entirely unwarranted.)
Stenzie Manufacturing Company, San Francisco, Cal.
(D) Stenzie. {A plastic ndxture of colophony, with
some balsam and a small quantity of pink dye.
The price $1.50 is exorbitant. The hair is re-
moved superfmilly, merely by applying the
preparation in a plastic condition and stripping
it off after it has hardened, which would ap-
pear to be a rather crude and painful process
of removing hair.)
PERFUMES
Chemical analysis gives but little information
concerning perfumes. Only an expert can satis-
factorily differentiate between tbese as to quality.
The tests made were merely to determine in a gen-
eral way the delicacy of the perfume. Some syn-
thetic blends are so carefully made that only a
well trained olfactory nerve could distinguish
them from the true flower essence. In other cases,
as with the violet, for example, the true perfume
and the artificial ionone used to simulate it, are
quite easily distinguished. Very occasionally the
point is raised that refined methyl or wood alcohol,
known as colmnbian spirits, is used in perfumes
instead of ethyl alcohol. While the refined spirits
are not so objectionable as the crude wood alcohol,
which could hardly be used because of its odor, still
the action of even the refined product on the optic
nerve is such as to render its use in perfumes inad-
missible, as they might be employed for bathing
the head and eyes, and would be objectionable if
not dangerous. Sometimes a point on excessive
price, in comparison with quality could be checked,-
but for the most part the selection of a perfume is
198
TOILET ARTICLES 199
merely a matter of personal preference and rela^
tive expensiveness, and no special protection can
be afforded tlie consumer by an examination.
TESTED PERFUMES
{SttMrred products (*) are rated at 85 to 100; (TH) indicates a
nonomnmittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
ID), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
American Druggists' Syndicate, New York, N. Y.
(N) Violet Toilet Water. {Colored green. Appair-
ently artificial odor not especially delicate.)
Bourjoias, A., and Company, Paris.
(N) Bouquet Manon Lescaut. {Onlr/ a strong cologne,
for which a high price ($1.60) is asked.)
Colgate and Company, New York, N. Y.
* Eclat (Perfume).
* Imperial Lilac. (A good toilet imter.)
Crown Perfumery Company, London.
(N) Crown Lavender Salts. {Objection to the daim
that these salts "purify the air in sick rooms,"
etc. They do not purify the air at all, hut
merely mask unpleasant odors ly an agreeable
one, quality good.)
Dralle, Hamburg.
* Illusion Violette, Violet, Veilchen.
Gelle FrSres, Paris.
if Seduction.
800 1001 TESTS
Hanson and Jenks Company, New York, N. Y.
'k Sweet Peas (perfumery).
* Violet Toilet Water— Brut.
* Wood Violet Toilet Water.
Hudnut, Richard, New York, N, Y.
•k Violet Sec Toilet Water. (Appears to be artificial
violet.)
Jennings Company, Grand Eapids, Mich.
•k Dorothy Vernon Perfume.
Lanman and Kemp, New York.
* Florida Water.
Lazell, New York.
-k Lazell's Field Violets.
k Lazell's Japanese Honeysuckle Perfume. (Syn-
thetic perfume.)
Pinaud, Ed., Paris.
* Lilas de France — Bxtrait Vegetal.
Rieger, The California Perfumer, San Francisco.
k Flower Drops — ^Violet. (An expensive product
$1.50, but having the perfume of natural vio-
lets. Claims somewhat excessive. "The most
exquisite odor in the world, one drop diffuses
the odor of thousands of blossoms.")
Roger and Gallet, Paris.
k Eau de Toilette — ^Pois de Senteur. (Sweet Pea.)
k Extrait de Violette de France.
(Vantine, A. A., and Company, New York, N. Y.
k Lotus San (Perfume.)
TOILET ARTICLES 201
"k East India Sandal "Wood Sachet. '
* Sandalwood (Perfume.)
ir Wisteria Blossom Perfume.
if Wisteria Blossom Sachet.
"k Wisteria Blossom Toilet Water.
Vogue Perfumery Company, 234 5th Avenue, New York.
* Vogue Extrait Vegetal LHasette Pleur. (A glyc-
erin alcoholic solution, perfumed with lilac.
Mildly extravagant claims as to quality.)
Wrisley, Allen B., Company, Chicago, 111.
* San Toy (Perfume.) {Another case of somewhat
exaggerated claims as to quality as: "Unri-
valed by imported perfumes.")
POWDERS
None of the powders are specifically injurious
except in so far as their continuous use without
proper massaging and cleansing fills the pores of
the skin, and so is undesirable. They consist in
most cases of talc, with sometimes a little starch,
calcium carbonate, or zinc oxide ; boric acid is fre-
quently added as an antiseptic and should be in-
cluded in the name of the product if present. The
zinc oxide is used largely for mechanical reasons
and is usually unobjectionable. A mixed powder
should be called a toilet or face powder, not a
straight talcum. The buyer has a right to know
what he is getting. The rice powders usually con-
tain very large amounts of talc, chalk, starch, etc.
These materials though harmless are mostly
cheaper than the rice powder and such mixtures
are misbranded and must be considered fraud-
ulent if the materials other than rice powder are
not plainly declared on the label.
Apart from these considerations, the main crit-
icism of the toilet powders, is the extravagant
claims made for them. They cannot be considered
"complexion beautifiers" nor to have any real
value as "healing agents." For one well-known
talcum powder, it was formerly claimed that it
TOILET ARTICLES 203
gave immediate relief for cMckenpox, measles and
scarlatina, and prevented decay of the teeth.
Silch extravagant claims for the temporary sooth-
ing, cooling effect, that dusting the skin with any
borated powder might produce, are obviously
\mwarranted. Some are finer in texture, more
carefully purified, and more delicately perftimed
than others, but most of them may be safely used
in moderation, and the choice is largely a matter
of iadividual taste. About 5 per cent, of boric
acid is necessary to produce any real antiseptic
effect.
TESTED TOILET POWDERS
{Starred products (•) are rated at 85 to 100; (3?) indicates a
noncommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved products
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
Allen Pharmacal Company, New York, N. T.
* Royal Violet Borated Talcum Powder.
American Druggists' Syndicate, Long Island City, N. T.
* A. D. S. Majestic Lilac Talc.
Armour and Company, Chicago, 111.
•k Extra Fine Complexion Powder. {A good zinc
oxide, calcium carbonate, and talc powder, per-
fumed and tinted pink. Hardly "extra fine"
especially for the price (50 cents).
B. H. Company, The, Boston, Mass.
* Priscilla Parsons Face Powder. (Contains talo,
zinc oxide, pink dye and very strong musk odor.)
204. 1001 TESTS
Caswell, Massey Company, Ltd., New York, N. Y.
(N) Casma Talcum. {Extravagantly praised as a
"perfect, magnificent article." The usual lor-
ated talcum powder, borax not declared.)
Colgate and Company, New York, N. Y.
"k Violet Talc Powder. (A good perfumed powder
about 78 per cent, talc strongly borated (12 per
cent). Though decidedly antiseptic the claims
made are slightly extreme.)
Crane, James C, 108 Fulton Street, N. Y.
"k Elcaya Kiee Powder, Avec Talc de Venise Purif e.
{About one-third talc which however costs as
much as the rice powder. Also has the m,erit of
declaring the talc though the statement should
be in English and in larger type.)
Freeman Perfume Company, Cincinnati, Ohio.
(N) Freeman's Medicated Face Powder. {Talc and
zinc oxide, good quality, but claims as to medi-
cation and effects as a complexion beautifier un-
warranted.)
Gille E., 1 Hamilton Grange, New York, N. Y.
* Cream White Face Powder.
k Flesh Face Powder.
-k White Face Powder.
{Usvual zinc oxide, talc and calcium carbonate
combination, tinted; no special claims made.)
TOILET ARTICLES 205
Gomi, T. D., Geisha Importing Company, 3 East 17th
St., New York City.
(N) Oriental Wistaria Talcum Powder. {Should be
labeled "borated," a good powder.)
Heyer, George W., Houston, Texas.
* Heyer's Prickly Heat Powder. {Consists largely
of zinc oxide with starch and small quantities
of camphor and phenol. Claims moderate.
"For heat and itching of skin,")
Hudnut, Richard, New York, N. Y.
(N) Violet See Talcum. {Should be labeled "bo-
rated," a good powder.)
Kirk, James S., Co., Chicago, 111.
(N) Jap-Rose Toilet Talcum Powder. {Composed of
talc and zinc oxide; a borated toilet or com-
plexion powder. Is not a straight talcum,
strictly speaking, when so compounded.)
Lehn and Fink, New York, N. Y.
* Riveris Talcum Powder. {Talcum; excellent qual-
ity with fine perfume. Not "a necessity for
baby's health" as claimed.)
Levy, Ben., Company, Boston, Mass.
(N) LaBlache Face Powder. {A fine powder, {talc
206 1001 TESTS
and zinc oxide) which claims to produce "a
clear, healthy complexion." This is obviously
impossible. It merely conceals blemishes, the
same as any other powder.)
Marinello Company, Chicago, 111.
•k Marinello Powder. {A slight trace of heavy metal,
tin or antimony, probably present as an im-
purity in the zinc oxide.)
Mennen, Gerhard; Chemical Company, Newark, N. J.
•k Borated Talcum Toilet Powder.
•k Violet Talcum Toilet Powder Borated.
(Good powders containing over 90 per tent, of
talc but less than 2 per cent, of boric acid
"Borated properties" are therefore practically
negligible and the claims though they have been
moderated are stUl rather too strong.)
Napoleon Pharmacal Company, New York, N. T.
k Napoleon Lilac Aseptic Toilet Powder — ^Borated.
Plexo Preparations, Inc., New York and Paris.
(D) Plexo Evening White. {A semi-liquid mixture of
zinc oxide, calcium carbonate and alcohol. Has
artificial violet perfume. Claims to conceal all
imperfections and stUl to be invisible. "Will
not rub off"; claims not tolerable.)
Pozzoni, J. A., Pharmacal Company, Chicago, IHLaois.
(N) Pozzoni 's Gold Puff Box. {Extravagant claims
for a complexion powder and rouge, both con-
taining a pink dye and the powder carrying bis-
muth subcarbonate and zino oxide. Not in-
jurious but over praised.)
TOILET ARTICLES 207
Pray, Dr. J. Parker, New York, N. Y.
(D) Dr. Pray's Hy-Gen-ia Pace Powder. {TcHc, zinc
oxide and starch with some magnesium carbon-
ate. Claims that it is healing, does not clog
glands or pores of the sTdn, a preservative and
medicinal powder, are deem,ed unwarramted.)
Pura Manufacturing Company, Lancaster, Pa.
(D) Hymettus Eose-Violet Talcum Powder. {Con-
tains sine oxide, "boric acid and talc, with a deli-
cate perfume. Many talcum powders are bo-
rated and the claims that it is "softer, finer amd
more refreshing than other talcum prepara-
tions," and that it "heals" are not warranted.
Is not a straight talcum; should he labeled "a
iorated toilet or complexion powder.")
StafFord-Miller Company, St. Louis, Mo.
(D) Carmen Complexion Powder. {Usual combina-
tion of talc, sine oxide and starch, perfumed
and colored. Claims that it is the "best for
the skin," "never dusts off," "never shows pow-
der," "superior to other complexion powders,"
etc., are unwarranted.)
Tetlow, Henry, Philadelphia, Pa.
(D) Tetlow's Superb Gossamer, Harmless for the Com-
plexion. {Another combination of talc, zinc ox-
ide, starch and perfume. Good in itself, but
claims that it "really nourishes, benefits and
softens the shin," does not obstruct the pores, and
is superior to all others, absurdly overdrawn.)
208 1001 TESTS
Vantine, A. A., and Co., New York, N. T.
"k Geisha Face Powder. {Talc, zinc oxide and starch,
perfumed and colored.)
:k Kutch Sandalwood Talcum Powder. (Talc, pow-
dered orris, and sandalwood oU.)
'k Wistaria Blossom Talc. {Perfumed talcum pow-
der with a little starchy material.)
Vogue Perfumery Company, New York, N. Y.
i(D) Vogue Poudre de Riz. {Claimed to he a rice pow-
der but is 84 per cent. talc. Is, therefore,
plainly mishranded. No objection to adding
some talc, for mechanical reasons, if declared.)
•k Vogue Liquid Complexion Powder. (Merely zinc
oxide and a little calcium carbonate suspended
in perfumed water.)
Williams, J. B., Company, Glastonbury, Conn.
k Carnation Talcum Powder.
k Violet Talcum Powder.
(Good powders containing about 90 per cent.
of talc but only 4 per cent, of boric acid. Claims
only to be "gently a/ntiseptic." Other claims
mildly extravagant. Not the "choicest talc"
though good. "Believes sunburn," etc., only
in, a temporary and palliative way.)
Wrisley, Allen B., Company, Chicago, lU.
(D) San Toy Talcum. (The usual combination of
talc, starch, calcium carbonate, and perfume; no
boric acid nor zinc oxide found and still it is
claimed that the powder is "highly antiseptic
and healing"; "absolutely perfect.")
SOAPS
The main points in regard to the soaps are to be
sure that there is no free alkali or only a trace, and
not too much water, that is, that you are getting a
fair amount of soap for your money, and not pay-
ing for water. The high priced soaps contain no
more soap, are no more cleansing and are no purer
than many of the five cent products ; in fact, some-
times the contrary is the case. If a woman wishes
to pay 25 cents to one dollar for a perfumed,
colored cake of soap, daintily wrapped, for the
pleasure of using it, well and good, but she should
know that she is not getting "a bargain."
Glycerin soaps, for example, while of good quality
and useful fot some skins, are not economical, as
they "waste" more quickly than other types.
The medicated soaps with almost no exceptions
must be criticised on account of their extravagant
claims. Any soap has some little antiseptic prop-
erties, but the amount of antiseptics added to
soaps and the conditions under which they are
used make it impossible that they should ful-
fill any extravagant claims as to healing skin
diseases or producing anything approaching
210 1001 TESTS
complete antisepsis. They present another ex-
ample of permissible products over-burdened
■with impossible claims. Other soaps we are
obliged to criticize on the ground of misbrand-
ing, since their composition does not warrant
the name given them, which would imply the
presence of certain ingredients or oils not found in
any material quantities. None of the soaps are
really harmfid except in so far as the extravagant
claims made for them might be misleading and
cause one to neglect more important precautions
and depend upon them for services they could not
perform.
TESTED SOAPS
{Starred products {-k) are rated at 85 to 100; {If) indicates a
tumeommittal rating between 76 and 84; disapproved produeta
(D), rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxriii for
details as to method of rating.)
American Druggists' Syndicate, Long Island City, N. T.
(D) A. D. S. Kurakutie Soap. (Misleading name in
apparent imitation of "cuticura." No pJienols
or other antiseptics detected. Claim "invalvr
able for skin purification," misleading.)
(D) A. D. S. Improved Foot Soap. {Contains bran,
torax, eucalyptus, hut no free iodine, nor free
olive oU, nor combined iodide in any form {as
claimed) could be detected. Fairly good com-
position, but claims that it would gradually re-
move corns, bunions and callouses unwarranted.)
TOILET ARTICLES 211
Armour and Company, Chicago, 111.
(N) Savon de Toilette Luxor. {A good grade t>f soap
delicately perfumed. Wrapped in sUk and sold
for one doUar. A good soap over-priced and
over-praised.)
Cereal Soap Company, 8 Beach Street, New York.
(D) Zap. (Soap, sodium carbonate, commeal and
oatmeal found. Statement that "no soap or
soda is required" is misleading when "both are
present. Claim that it is "made from pure
vegetable cereals" is not warranted since other
substances are found. Unjustifiable criticism of
other soaps and claims that it is "the greatest
skin soap in the world," and is "absolutely
pure" deemed unwarranted by its composition,
either as determined or claimed.)
Colgate and Company, New York, N. Y.
-k Cashmere Bouquet Toilet Soap.
* Heliotrope (Soap.)
Crittenton, Charles N., Company, New York, N. Y.
* Glenn's Sulphur Soap.
Fairbank, N. K., Company, Chicago, and New York.
■k Fairy Soap. (A good floating soap containing
a very moderate amount of mmsture for this
type. No caustic alkali found but a Uttle more
carbonated alkali than the Government specifi-
cations permit. A good soap extravagantly
212 1001 TESTS
praised. "Unquestiondbly the purest, best and
most satisfactory soap on the market," "the
cleanest of all soaps for household use," unwar-
rantedj others just as good.)
Hinds, A. S., Portland, Maine.
(D) Hind's Honey and Almond Cream Soap. (Name
not warranted hy composition; no honey or al-
mond detected. Statement that it "improves
the complexion" cannot he guaranteed.)
Hudnut, Richard, New York, N. Y.
-k Violet See. (Soap.)
Jergens, Andrew, Company, Cincinnati and New York.
"k Jergen's Violet Glycerine Soap. {Claims "We
have caught the real fragrance of the violets";
perfume appears to he largely artificial.)
(N) Woodbury's Facial Soap. {A good grade of
soap with a greater antiseptic value than ordi-
nary soaps. The claims that it is recommended
"for eczema and acne," and has "stimulating
tonic properties" are not warranted, hy compo-
sition as far as can he determined.)
Johnson, B. J., Soap Company, Milwaukee, Wis.
(N) Palm Olive Soap. (Impossihle to determine the
exact nature of oils and fats used hut palm and
olive were not present in sufficient amounts to
warrant the name. No criticism of soap itself.)
TOILET ARTICLES 213
Johnson and Johnson, New Brunswick, N. J.
"k Synol Soap. {A liquid soap containing phenol and
glycerin. No free alkali; 51 per cent, of mois-
ture. Really a strong solution of cariolic; the
surgical claims for antisepsis and germ destroy-
ing powers are slightly extravagant.)
Kirk, James S., and Company, Chicago, 111.
"k Jap Rose Soap. (Statement that you "use only
half as much as you would of any other soap"
unwarranted. Contained 12 per cent water.)
Klein's, Budapest, Hungary.
* Glycerin Soap.
Lever Brothers Company, Boston, Mass.
(D) Lifebuoy Health Soap. (18 per cent, of water,
no free alkali and a slight trace of sodium car-
bonate; contains cresols or sinular coal tar prod-
ucts. A good soap but claims "brings beauty
to the skin," "prevents infection," "for saving
life and preserving health" not warranted.)
Lilly, Eli, and Company, Indianapolis, Ind.
* Lilly's Liquid Soap— unscented.
Morgan's, Enoch, Sons Co., New York, N. Y.
(N) Hand Sapolio. (71 per cent, sand and little ex-
cess alkalinity. Claims to equal a mild turkish
bath; not of "perfect purity." Has a place for
removing stains, etc., but some claims excessive.)
214 1001 TESTS
Miilhens and KropfF, 298 Broadway, New York Gity.
'k White Eose Glycerin Soap.
Packer Manufacturing Company, New York.
-k Packer's Tar Soap.
Pears, A. F., Ltd., 71-75 New Oxford Street, London,
W. C.
■A- Pears' Soap.
Potter Drug and Chemical Company, Boston, Mass.
(D) Cuticura Soap. (A good grade of soap contain-
ing a small quantity of prussian blue and prob-
ally a little phenol. Prussian blue has been
recommended for shin diseases. Excessive
daims made for Cuticura as to the prevention
and treatment of sTcin eruptions, are not war-
ranted by its composition.)
Proctor and Gamble, Cincinnati, Ohio.
k Ivory Soap. {As pure as it is cheap.)'
Remmers, Cincinnati, Ohio.
(N) Remmers' Peroxide Soap. {No peroxide could be
determined by the usmoZ tests, therefore the
name is unwwrra/nted a/nd the product mis-
branded. A good soap otherwise; claims mod-
erate.)
Resinol Soap Company, Baltimore, Md.
(D) Eesinol Soap. {Contains a small amount of
cresol or some similar substance. Impossible
claims made to the effect that it "prevents
acne," "nourishes the underlying tissues of the
TOILET ARTICLES 215
shin," "prevents falling out of the hair," etc.,
whereas antiseptic properties are very limited.)
Roger and Gallet, Eue d'HauteviUe, Paris.
* Savon Violette de Panne.
(N) Savon Vera-Violetta. {A good grade of soap,
scented with violet. Sold for 85 cents. No su-
periority to the 25 cent cake could he discov-
ered. Perfume may ie superior iut finished
product does not show it. Price excessive.)
Roessler and Hasslacher , Chemical Company, New
York, N. Y.
(N) Peroxide Zinc Soap. (A good peroxide zinc soap
really liberating some oxygen. Claims made,
however, for the amount liberated, the effects
produced and the danger from using "ordinary"
soaps are not warranted.)
Wrisley, Allen B., Company, Chicago, 111.
(N) Olivilo Soap. (A good soap but claims unten-
able: "Makes beauty," "lasts nearly twice as
long as other ten cent toilet sm^" "keeps the
skm in its natwral healthy edition.")
Jmmic
TOOTH POWDERS, PASTES, ETC.
There are few if any tootli powders whidi are
really injilrious, but their antiseptic power is lim-
ited by the conditions under which they are used
and the excessive claims made for these simple
preparations as to their efficacy in, destroying
germs, sterilizing the mouthy preventing the forma-
tion of tartar, and curing, or even preventing, pyor-
rhea, are out of aU proportion to the facts. Some
modern investigators object to the common alka-
line tooth paste and urge a mild acidity such as is
imparted by eating fruits. The base of the com-
mon tooth paste is carbonate of lime, and this
is of such mild alkalinity as to threaten no harm.
The great claims made for the liberation of oxygen
in the mouth ani the effect so produced must be
looked at a^d^e ; even though the statements may
be true to a^prtain extent theoretically, the effect
produced in the mouth is problematic. The claims
that the breath is purified are obviously false.
The breath may be perfumed or sweetened, but bad
breath coming from decaying teeth or lung
trouble or indigestion is not purified by the use of
any tooth paste, powder or wash, whatever it may
216
TOILET ARTICLES 217
contain. Some of tlie preparations are accom-
panied by circulars giving laboratory reports and
imposing pictures of microscopic slides, "before
and after using," showing tbe germicidal effect of
the products in question. A laboratory experi-
ment of this Hnd by no means parallels tbe con-
ditions existing in tbe moutb and tbe conclusions
drawn from sucb experiments are unwarranted.
Tbe ingredients of tbe several tootb powders and
pastes indicated in tbe list do not pretend to be
complete analyses, as often tbe ingredients are
present in too small an amoimt to be distinguisbed
by analysis. Only tbe general character of tbe
product is indicated.
The real function of a tooth paste or tooth pow-
der is to assist tbe brush and water in thoroughly
cleansing the tootb by friction. Tbe antisepsis
afforded is really secondary and there is room for
a wide reform in regard to tooth pa^s and tooth
powders, as to the claims made in^K respect, a
point brought out at the recent meeWg of the Na-
tionaj Dentists' Association, by Dr. L. F. Kebler,
Chief of the Division of Drugs, DejArtment of
Agriculture, who said :
"After learning of the beneficial inhibiting effects of
the antiseptics on the activities of bacteria, it was nat-
218 1001 TESTS
urally believed that there was the means by which the
bacterial flora of the buccal cavity could be controlled
or stayed, if not absolutely destroyed. Experiments,
however, soon showed that it was impossible to sterilize
the oral cavity or even to appreciably diminish the num-
ber of bacteria without using the drugs in such strength
as to make them intolerable, if not absolutely dangerous,
either because of their disagreeable odor, and taste, or
because of their effects upon the mucous membrane and
their toxicity. ... It is a well recognized principle in
bacteriology that the greater the dilution of a germicide,
the longer the time of action necessary to destroy the
bacteria, and vice versa. From the necessary dilution
already considered, it is quite evident that none of these
germicidal agents can avail much in sterilizing the
mouth, and that antiseptics are of correspondingly little
actual value."
It is these extravagant and misleading claim^
which made i^impossible to give the highest ap-
proval to n^V of the good tooth powders listed.
When a veiy excellent tooth powder containing
more antiseptics than usual is said to "kiU all
germs," "prevent contagion and all disease," and
"cleanse as nothing else will do," we are obliged
to disprove it, excellent as its composition may be,
as we could not put our guarantee back of such
misleading claims.
>>
TOILET ARTICLES 219
TESTED TOOTH POWDERS, PASTES, ETC.
{Starred prod/uots (*) are rated at 85 to 100; {'N) indicates a
nonoommittai rating between 76 and 84; disapproved ^products
{D)i rated at 75 and less; see Introduction and page xxviii for
details as to method of rating.)
AUen Pharmacal Company, New York.
if Royal Tooth Powder. {Consists essentially of
soap, calcium carbonate, and methyl salicylate.
Claims as to preserving and hardening the gums
mildly extravagant.)
American Druggists* Syndicate, Long Island City, N. T.
(N) A. D. S. Peroxide Tooth. Powder. {Chalk, soap,
sows form of solid peroxide, and flavoring
agents. Claims to "heal and harden the gums,
"remove all external' discolorations," to be "a
scientific combination of cleansing and anti-
septic agents," "to leave the mouth in an omti-
septic condition." Claims unwarranted.)
(D) A. D. S. Peredixo Tooth Paste. A Peroxide Tooth
Paste. {Use of word "Peredixo" to suggest
peroxide. No peroxide whatevex^iound; merely
soap, chalk, glycerin, and flmoring agents.
Claims to be a peroxide tooth paste, which will
leave the mouth in a thoroughly aseptic and
wholesome condition. Name and claims mis-
leading.)
Armour and Company, Chicago, 111.
•k Luxor Tooth Paste. {Calcium carbonate and
soap with menthol. A good antacid tooth
1001 TESTS
paste, hut the claims that it "sweetens the
breath," "hardens the gums," and is "anti-
septic" are somewhat overdrawn.)
Colgate and Company, New York, N. Y.
•k Ribbon Dental Cream. {Menthol, soap, calcium
carbonate, benzoic acid, wintergreen, probably
glycerin. "Purifying the breath," a mislead-
ing claim, is to be withdrawn.
Dentacura Company, Newark, N. J.
(N) Dentacura. {A good preparation containing
soap, calcium carbonate, methyl salicylate,
' menthol, eucalyptol, boric acid, etc. No thymol
could be detected in the finished product though
it is said to be added. Former impossible claims
such as "kills all germs," "prevents contagion,"
etc., withdrawn.)
Hall and Ruckel, New York, N. Y.
(N) Sozodont Tooth. Paste. {Soap, calcium, carbon-
ate, eosin {coloring), oil of cinnamon, and
menthol. A good tooth paste but the claims
thofflt is the "embodiment of ideas of famous
chemists," "hardens the gums," etc., are not
warranted by its simple composition.)
(N) Van BusMrk's Sozodont Antiseptic Tooth Paste.
{Essentially soap, calcium carbonate, menthol,
methyl salicylate and salicylic acid. Claims
that it "hardens the gums," "tones and ster-
ilizes the mouth," extravagant; other state-
ments moderate.)
TOILET ARTICLES 221
t
Kolynos Company, New Haven, Conn.
(N) Kolynos. (4 good prepjg,rationcontaming chalk,
alcohol, soap, glycerine ^d small amounts of
other antiseptics suck as benzoic acid, and es-
sential oils. Overburdened with extravagant
claims such as "disease preventer," "destroy^
germs of diphtheria and pneumonia in less than
one minute," etc., "sterilizes the mouth to de-
gree heretofore believed impossible," etc.)
Lavoris Chemical Company, Minneapolis, Minn.
(D) Lavoris. {A rr},pi^^:^ash contaming zinc chlo-
ride, memio%tiil of cassia and alcohol, as its
principal ingredients. Formaldehyde claimed,
none found; statements made as to its germici-
dal and healing properties greatly exagger-
ated.)
Lehn and Fink, New York, N. Y.
1)r Pebeco Tooth Paste. {Differs from most tooth
pastes in containing potassium chlorate, harm-
less in qtiantities in which it is present but of
problematic efficiency. Other important ingre-
dients are: calcium carbonate, soap, methyl sa-
licylate, and menthol. Former extravagant
claims as to efficiency %n relief of disease, anti-
septic value, etc., have been moderated or with-
drawn.)
Lyon, L W., and Sons, 520 West 27th Street, New York.
(N) Perfect Tooth Powder. {Essentially soap, cal-
222 1001 TESTS
cium carbonate, and methyl salicylate. Does
not really "purify the breath" as claimed.)
McKesson and Robbins, New York, N. T.
(N) Calox, The Oxygen Tooth Powder. (Contains
peroxide, menthol, methyl salicylate and cal-
cium carbonate. Does liberate some active oxy-
gen in the mouth but the efficacy of this ingre-
dient is greatly over estimated.)
Pyro Chemical Company, 1212 Saratoga Street, Balti-
more, Md.
(D) Pyrodento. (An alkaline liquid, containmg 5 per
cent, of alcohol, as declared, with sodium bicar-
bonate, egg albumen, boric acid, glycerin, and
small amount of formaldehyde, and the oils of
cinnamon, spearmint and peppermint. No po-
tassium permanganate could be detected, though
it is claimed in the formula, and if added, is
present im too small amounts to be detected or
to be of any practical value. Claims that "It
destroys bacteria, thus acting as a prophylactic
to all diseases of the oral cavity," "hardens
the gums," and is "especially recommended for
pyorrhea," not warranted.)
(D) Pyrodento Creme Paste. {Consists essentially of
calcium and magnesium carbonates, fixed oil,
boric acid, glycerin, egg albumen, a trace of
formaldehyde, sodium carbonate, oils of spear-
mint, peppermint, and cinnamon. No soap,
gelatin or starch present. No potassium per-
TOILET ARTICLES 223
manganate detected. Could not sterilize "at
the mouth," and its usefulness in the treatment
of pyorrhea, stomatitis, chronic ulcerations, etc.,
problematic.)
Sanitol Chemical Laboratory Company, St. Louis, Mo.
* Sanitol Tooth Paste. (Contains calcium carbon-
ate, soap, methyl salicylate, and menthol.
Claims "the most effective cream known to the
dentist," "of lasting benefit to teeth and gums,"
~~ obviously exaggerated.)
Sheffield Dentrifice Company, New York City, N. Y.
(N) Dental Cream. (Essentially sassafras, menthol,
soap, calcium carbonate, eosin (coloring) and
oil of cinnamon. Over weighted with such
claims as the following: "Coats the teeth with
an alkaline film that protects them for hours";
"neutralizes all acids of the mouth," "best in
the world," etc.)
United Drug Company, Boston, Mass.
(N) Rexall Tooth Powder. (Essentially soap, cal-
cium carbonate, methyl salicylate and thymoh
Claims to remove usual cause of decayed teeth
and fetid breath. This covld not possibly be
true, as decaying teeth and bad breath in mawy
cases have deep systemic causes which a tooth
powder could not reach. Statement true only in
a most general way in so far as it keeps the
teeth clea/n.)
XIX
APPENDIX
CLASSIFIED PRODUCTS EXAMINED
DUEINa 1914^1915
I. BAKING POWDEES, YEASTS, ETC.
General Chemical Co., New York City.
it Eyzon Baking Powder. (A very efficient, phos-
phate powder (15 per cent, of carbon dioxid).
Contains monosodium phosphate, instead of add
calcium phosphate. An efficient powder, leafl>
ing only a residue of sodium phosphate, which
does not, however, restore to the bread the type
of phosphate removed in making white flowr.)
Southern Manufacturing Co., Richmond, Va.
* Princine Baking Powder. {A good powder of the
phosphate type. Well labeled but claims of
superiority and purity in descriptive literature
exaggerated.)
225
n. BEVERAGES
CHOCOLATES
Blocker, J. and C, Amsterdam, Holland (46 Hudson
Street, New York City).
■k Grand Brand Cocoa. (A typical Dutch cocoa con-
taming about 3.5 of mineral ingredients added
to assist in holding the cocoa in suspension, and
frankly declared on label. Contained less fat
them the Daalder's Brand (p. 8), sold for a
lower price. Quality however is good.)
Croft and Allen Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
(N) Croft's Breakfast Cocoa. (Fat rather low {about
20 per cent.) and ash high indicating either an
alkali treated product or one that is not care-
fully cleamed. Claim "fatty part of cocoa re-
moved" is inaccurate and meaningless. Half
of the fat is always removed in making cocoa
— to remove too much makes an inferior quality
and all of it is never removed.)
(D) Swiss Milk Cocoa. (Almost no milk or else it is
skimmed milk, as fat and Beichert Meissl num-
ber are very low. Also mineral ingredients are
high indicating an alkali treated cocoa or an
impure article — probably the former as "Swiss
Process" is claimed.)
226
BEVERAGES 227
Merrell-Soule Co., Syracuse, New York.
(D) Milcoco. (Ahout 64 per cent, sugars with dried
shim milk and a very small amount of cocoa.
Almost no fat found and therefore not entitled
to the name of "milk" or "cocoa" without any
explanatory labeUng.)
(Pickman, P. G., and Bros., New Tork City.
(D) Liquid chocolate. {Milk soured — Claim "Keeps
indefinitely in any climate," obviously not cor-
rect. Better to mix one's own condensed milh
and chocolate.)
COFFEE AND TEA
Blanke, C. F,, Tea and Coffee Co., St. Louis, Mo.
if Faust Cofifee. (Extravagant quality claims.)
Bout Co., Toledo, Ohio.
•k Old Master Coffee.
•k Eoyal Garden Tea.
■k San Marto Coffee.
Cel-Co Manufacturing Co., Campfield, Kansas.
(N) Cel-Co Coffee Substitute. {The usual mixture
of grains, treated with molasses and roasted and
ground. Harmless hut in no sense a true sub-
stitute for coffee.)
Figprune Cereal Co., San Jose, Calif.
(N) Figprune. {A cereal beverage containing dried
roasted figs and probably prunes mixed with
ground roasted grams. A grain rather than a
fruit mixture as name would signify. Claims
too strong.)
Hammer, C, 352 West 117th Street, New York City.
(N) Hammer's Concentrated Coffee. {Concentration
and economy cla/ims not warra/nted — only about
8 per cent, of total solids. Such products al-
ways lack the fine flavor and odor of real cof-
fee.)
223
BEVERAGES
KafFee Hag Corporation, 225 Fifth Avenue, New York
City.
"k Kaffee Hag. {Coffee ieans from wMch 95 per
cent, of the caffein has been extracted without
affecting flavor materiaily. Claims "All of the
delights — none of the regrets" "A perfect cof-
fee," hardly accurate as caff em however injuri-
ous, is one of the characteristic ingredients
of coffee.)
Kellogg, W. K., Battle Creek, Mich.
(N) Drinket. {A harmless beverage, essentially a mix-
ture of roasted cereals. Contains apparently
considerable iran and some sugar. Compari-
sons with coffee not warranted.)
Lipton's, London, New York, Chicago.
•k Lipton's Gossip Blend Caffee-Klatsch Coffee.
* Lipton's YeUow Label Blend Coffee.
{Superlative claims as the "choicest and most
carefully selected" coffees objectionable.)
Mexican Products Co., New York City.
(D) Mexican Coffee Tablets. {A ground coffee com-
pressed into a square cake. Quality is good but
claims that the beverage will be "practically
free from caffetanndc acid" and that the "m^st
delicate persons" "even after prolonged and
constant use" will suffer no HI effects, are mis-
leading as 1.4 per cent, of caffein was found.)
1001 TESTS
Monroe Go., Quincy, 111.
* Monco. {A cereal leverage containing chicory
which is declared on label. All nutritive claims
and objectionable over-emphasized comparisons
have been withdrawn.)
Peek Bros, and Winch, New York City.
if Ceylon, Indian Blend Tea.
Ridgeway House, King William Street, London, Eng.
•k Ridgeway 's Tea. Her Majesty's Blend.
Schorn and Btower, 548 "West 46th St., New York City.
if Coffee. {Good product but quality claims are ex-
treme and not susceptible of proof — "Highest
grade of private plantation coffee produced.")
Tebbetts and Garland Store, Chicago, 111.
if Vilosa Coffee. {A very good Java and Mocha
mixture. Claim "World's Most Satisfying
Coffee" objectionable as any simUar mixture
would be just as good.)
SOFT DRINKS, TONICS, AND MEDICATED
BEVERAGES
Bear Lithia Spring Co., New York City.
^ Ginger Ale, Blisco Aromatic. (Ginger oils and
resins found; also capsicum which should he
declared.)
Doane, Nathaniel, Harwichport, Mass.
(N) Doane's Cranberry Juice. {Flavor not distinc-
tive, about 30 per cent, of sugar added. Should
be labeled "Sweetened Cranberry juice."
Claim "Brings that rosy bloom of youth" of
course meaningless unless externally applied.)
Grape Ola Co., New York City.
if Grape Ola. (A true concentrated grape juice —
some sugar added and declared, but is all in-
verted by acids of the grape.)
Hoff, Johann, Berlin-Hamburg, Germany (Bisner-Men-
delson Co., Agents).
(D) Hoff's Chocolate with Malt Extract and Iron.
(Almost one-half sugar, not mentioned.
Amount of malt extract very small as indicated
by nitrogen content. Amount of iron fair
(0.12) . Claims made as to its use in the various
diseases of childhood and its application in ad-
ministering iron, are untenable.)
231
1001 TESTS
Honolulu Fruit Products Co., San Francisco, Cal.
if Clark's Pineapple Juice. {A good straight pine-
apple jvAce, hut slightly short weight and claim-
ing "medicinal" qualities that are decidedly
problematic, though this is a most wholesome
product.)
McMurdo, A. E., Charlottesville, Va.
•k MonticeUo Grape Juice.
Oregon Fruit Juice Co., Salem, Ore.
* Loganberry juice, Pheasant Brand.
Pabst Brewing Co., Milwaukee, Wis.
(N)Pab8t Extract, The "Best" Tonic. (Alcoholic
content equal to that of a beer — about 4 per
cent, and total solids lower than in other first
class malt extracts. Clmms too broad especially
m view of composition.)
Randall Grape Juice Co., Ripley, N. T.
(N) Grape Juice. {The grape solids are rather low
and the cane sugar rather high. Data indicate
either inferior grapes or watered product. Not
unwholesome but not of highest quality as com-
pared with other brands.)
Smith, J. Hungerford, Grape Juice Co., Rochester, N. Y.
•k Royal Purple Grape Juice.
Tropical Fruit Juice Co., Chicago, 111.
(N) Grape Smash Syrup. (Not a true gra/pe juice;
a syrup flavored with a product made from
grapes and colored with a vegetable dye. Arti-
ficially acidulated.)
m. BISCUITS, CAKES, ETC.
Bennett, F. H., Biscuit Co., New York City.
(N) Wheatsworth Whole Wheat Biscuit. {A true
whole wheat iiscuit containing however 17 per
cent, of sugar which should be declared on the
label, as these products are largely used by small
children and invalids a/nd the sugar makes them
much less desirable in my opinion for such use.)
Hoenshell and Emery, Lincoln, Neb.
•k Eoyal Black Fruit Cake. {Excellent quality but
short weight, about 3 ounces on a 2 lb. package.
Sample a year old and shortage due largely to
loss of moisture — marked "net weight when
packed" but this is not satisfactory.)
Johnson Educator Food Co., Boston, Mass.
•k Educator Water Crackers. {" Entire wheat" only
in the commercial sense. Good protein content
and about one per cent, of ash, showing that
nearly half of the bra/n was removed. Contains
over twice as much of the mineral ingredients
as white flour however, and only "entire wheat
flavor" is claimed.)
Loose-Wiles Biscuit Co., New York City.
* Sunshine Golden Flakes.
233
234 1001 TESTS
Mjinsfield Laboratories, Inc., Mansfield, Mass.
* Agar Agar Crackers. {A whole wheat cracker con-
taining some agar agar as claimed.)
National Biscuit Co., New York City.
* Anola.
* Cheese Tid Bit.
* Snaparoons. (Not a "macaroon" as the name
might siiggest.)
(N) Zwieback. {A thoroughly idked, crisp iiscuit —
special value for children, invalids, etc., lies in
double haMng, not in composition. Contains 18
per cent, of reducing sugars which should ie
mentioned on label. Statements that these bis-
cuit are the "best food" for invalids — "has no
equal" — helps to "digest milk" are extrava-
gant.)
>>
IV. CANDIES
American Candy Co., Milwaukee, Wis.
(N) Milady of Quality Chocolates. (32 per cent, of
glucose in cream filUngs too much for "quality
candies selling at a dollar a pound.)
Baker, Walter, and Co.,
"k Sweet chocolate. {About 60 per cent, cane sugar
hut chocolate present is of fme quality as shown
by fat content.)
Brewster Cocoa Mfg. Co., Jersey City, N. J.
* Almond Milk Chocolate (sweet). (Amount of
milk is small — added mineral ingredients to ex-
tent of 1 per cent, declared on label probably
used to give smoothness that should result from
the addition of more milh. No standard for
these products and as this is honestly labeled
and is "A pleasing and wholesome confection"
the star rating is given though it is not equal
to some other milk chocolates in quality.)
"k Milk Chocolate. (Same comments as for the al-
mond milk chocolate — labeling not so good in
this case — no mention of sugar or of mineral
ingredients on small package.)
•k Peanut Milk Chocolate. (Same comment as on the
almond milk chocolate, probably butter and a
very small amount of milk used.)
235
236 1001 TESTS
Bunte Brothers, Chicago, 111.
(N) Candy. (Pleasantly flavored hard candies but
consisting of nearly one-third glucose and col-
ored with permitted coal tar dyes.)
(N) Happy Heme Candies. (Hard colored candies
with soft centers. Harmless hut contain an un-
necessarily large proportion of glucose, i. e., 35
to 40 per cent.)
Gallanis Brothers, Chicago, 111.
•k Temptation Chocolates.
Johnstons, Milwaukee, Wis.
if Triad Chocolates.
Kibbe Brothers Co., Springfield, Mass.
* Kibbe Candy. "New Kings." {Sugar, molasses
and peanut butter as claimed; a very minute
amount of sulphur dioxid present due to the
molasses (20 parts per million, 350 permitted
by regulation).)
Lowney, Walter M., Co., Boston, Mass.
•k Chocolates, Date Pilling.
■A: Chocolate Marshmallows. {About 20 per cent, glu-
cose — permissible in this type of candy. Price
high — one dollar a pound for a product one-
fifth glucose.)
(N) Chocolate caramels. {About 40 per cent, glucose
found. More than our standard permits espe-
cially at one dollar a pound, though some glu-
cose is permissible in caramels for its physical
properties.)
CANDIES 237
* Crest Chocolates, Lemon.
(N) Crest Chocolates, Maple. (Nearly 20 per cent, of
glucose found in the cream which exceeds the
amount permitted by our standard, especially
for a dollar a pound candy.)
"k Crest Chocolates, Strawberry. (Good quality,
only 10 per cent, of glucose i'n creams, statement
made in advertising that the fillings of Crest
Chocolates are made of pure rich cream and but-
ter is misleading as only a very minute amount
of butter fat was found and glucose is not men-
tioned.)
* Crest Chocolates, Vanilla.
•k Delecto Chocolates.
Maillard, H., New York City.
•k Chocolate After Dinner Mints. (Excellent quality
containing only about 14 per cent, of glucose in
the cream, and proving lack of necessity for any
more glucose in this type of candy. Price
rather high, considering this addition; 50 cents
a pound.)
Monte Candy Shop, Menomonie, Wis.
* Monte Fudge Chocolates. (Excellent quality;
only about 5 per cent, of glucose and high in fat
(12 per cent.), showing use of cream or butter.)
National Wafer Co., Boston, Mass.
•k Wintergreen Nawaco Wafers.
Package Confectionery Co., Boston, Mass.
k Surprise Wafers — ^Assorted. (A cheap harmless
238 1001 TESTS
wafer containing about 88 per cent, of sugar and
less than 5 per cent, of glucose.)
,(N) Surprise Wafers — Chocolate. (A good wafer al-
most pure sugar {about 93 per cent.) but not
enough, chocolate to warrant name, none could
be found; really flavored with wintergreen.)
Park and Tilford, New York City.
(N) Juvenile Candies. {Good candies in an attrac-
tive, sanitary package but no special claim to
"puHty and excellence." Coal tar dyes not es-
pecially desirable "for the kiddies" even if a
permitted dye is used, and content of glucose
was high for this type of camdy, about 22 per
cent.).
Societe Alsacienne D'Alimentation, Strasbourg, Ger-
many.
* Peppermint Loriot.
Stern and Saalberg, 416 45th Street, New York City.
(N) Chocolate Tootsie Eolls. {About 40 per cent,
glucose and 48 per cent, of sugar. Not enough
chocolate to give a characteristic flavor or to
warrant name.)
Westmoreland Candy Co., Richmond, Va.
•k Peconut Crisp. {Extremely small amount of sul-
phur dioxid found, 67 parts per million, due to
molasses used and 13 per cent, of glucose. A
good cheap candy.)
V. CANNED GOODS
FRUITS
Cape Cod Specialty Co., North Truro, Mass.
(N) Cape Ood Peaches — Halves. {Not of first class
quality but wholesome. Soft, and not of good
appearance.)
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111.
■Ar Apricots.
* Boyal Anne Cherries {Excellent quality, large
cherries and net weight correct but amount of
Uquid in relation to solids is too large — what we
call "slack weight.")
if Egg Plums.
Rheinstorm Brothers, Cincinnati, O.
(N) Rosebud Cherries. {Label honestly declares prod-
uct to be artificially flavored and colored with
a permdtted coal tar dye. While not fraudulent,
the product has little or no flavor except sweet-
ness, though it is practically an imitation Ma-
raschino cherry, and is not of "star" quality.)
Sprague- Warner Co., Chicago, 111.
■k Richelieu Sliced Lemon Cling Peaches. {Can not
determine whether this is a true "Lemon CUng"
or not; doubtful as few are now canned^ A
good product, however.)
239
MILK PRODUCTS, INFANTS' FOODS, ETC.
Bernese Alps Milk Co., Enuneiithal, Switzerland.
if Swiss Milk — ^Bear Brand, Sweetened Condensed.
(41 per cent, of sugar but containing more fat
and milk solids than our domestic milks (9 per
cent, fat, 33.3 milk solids). Directions for in-
fant feeding not approved {schedule given — no
extreme claims).)
Brook's Barley Co., Boston, Mass.
* Brook's Baby Barley. {Protein content good hut
decidedly low in mineral ingredients; not the
whole grain. A good product fo^r infants and
invalids.)
Deutsche Milchwerke, Germany; Stendorf Food Com-
pany, New York City ; Agent Louis Hoos, Chi-
cago.
(D) Biedert's Ramogen. {Claims to he "a sterile milk
conserve brought to the highest standard of
perfection." Apparently a sweetened butter.
An unbalanced ration for infant feeding; fat
and sugar too high. Claims extravagant:
"Has gained the leadership over all other in-
fants' foods solely on its merits.")
Glaxo Co., 88 Gracechurch Street, London, E. C, Eng-
land.
240
CANNED GOODS 241
•k Glaxo. {A good, dried, whole milk containing a
proper amount of fat. Most of the dried milks
examined have teen skimmed milk only. An
excellent food for baiies when fresh milk can
not be obtained. Fancy name and secrecy as to
composition objectionable.)
Lapp and Co., Fribourg, Switzerland.
(N) Swiss Condensed Milk. (A good product as far
as fat content and milk solids are concerned, but
can was not sanitary and contents were not in
perfect condition. Special recommendations
for infant feeding objectionable since product
contains 40 per cent, of sugar.)
Taroena Food Co., Honolulu, Hawaii.
(D) Taroena. "A nature made food for infants, in-
valids, and dyspeptics." (Probably a true taro
starch product, good in itself but claims made
as to its digestive powers, and wonderful value
as a special food for infants, etc., are untenable.
Is not a "nerve amd brain food" nor does it con-
tain "a greater amount of nutrition than any
other food."X
SOUPS, EXTRACTS, BOUILLON CUBES, ETC.
Beale, W. C, Fish Co., Eastport, Me.
(N) Bisque of Lobster. (Product not well adapted to
merchandizing in this form. Not unwholesome
hut of dubious quality and safety.)
if Clam Bouillon.
if Clams in Bouillon.
T*r Clam Chowder. (In glass; relative amount of po-
tato rather large.)
Beardsley's Sons, J. W., New York City.
(N) Vegex Bouillon Cubes. (A yeast product, about
the same value as meat cubes. Less protein than
the Vegex paste and over half salt. Not nutri-
tious hut useful for flavoring and stimulative
value. Properly labeled hut booklet still carries
misleading statements as to uses and value es-
pecially as compared with meat prodMCts. In
process of revision.)
Bumham and Morrill, Portland, Me.
* Clam Cbowder.
* Clam Juice.
Campbell, Joseph, Co., Camden, N. J.
•k Vermicelli Tomato Soup.
Heinz, H. J., Co., Pittsburg, Pa.
•k Cream of Celery Soup. (While starch feos been
added as a thickener, the amount of fat found
(nearly 7 per cent.) indicates addition of but-
ter or cream, giving right to name. Flavor ex-
cellent.)
"k Cream of Green Peas Soup.
242
VEGETABLES
Bumham and Morrill, Portland, Me.
(N) Pork and beans. {Too little pork and too much
moisture for baked beans — "Original New Eng-
land Style" would imply baking.)
•k Cranberry sauce.
(N) Paris Succotash. {Made with green corn and
dried lima beans. So labeled hut paying for
the canning of dried beans is hardly economic
nor is the quality equal to the canned fresh
product.
(D) Lima Beans. {Only a very small type statement
is made that these are "cooked dried lima beans"
and a picture of green beans in the pod is on
label. Department calls for the label "Soaked
dried lima beans" as the dried beans themselves
are a distinct product.)
ic Paris Sugar Com. {A good product but neither
so sweet nor so tender as claims would lead one
to expect.)
Cape Cod Products Co., North Truro, Mass.
* Cape Cod Small Beets.
Cape Cod Specialty Co., North Truro, Mass.
* Cape Cod Tomatoes.
243
244 1001 TESTS
Cresca Co., New York City.
"k La Kochambeau Cresca Peas. {High priced and
sUghtly short weight tut relative amount of
liquid was very low. Excellent quaUty.)
Dry Milk Co., New York City.
(N) Cremora. {About 5 per cent, of the fat had been
removed — figures do not even indicate a whole
milk and name would lead one to believe it to be
cream. Can not approve although statement is
made on the label that the product contains "all
or part of the cream according to grade desired."
Should be all cream to warrant name.)
(N) Diet Milk. {Again a portion of the fat has been
removed leaving a product not correctly pro-
portioned for infant feeding — less than half of
the fat of whole milk found. Reflections on
cow's milk not warranted. Why pay 50 cents
a pound for a skimmed milk product and then
"add cream" as suggested? Not perfectly ster-
ilized.)
(N) Kindolac. {This is a partially skimmed milk, as
is declared on the label. The protein and the
fats are not present in correct proportion and
such a product could not be approved for in-
fant feeding.)
Enunart Packing Co., CMcago, 111.
■ic Bminart's Hominy (Tin). {A pearled hominy
from which germ and bran have been largely
rtmoved. Protein content rather low. A good
CANNED GOODS 245
product of its' kind, but not economic to
buy hominy in this form when it can be pur-
chased in dry form and cooked in the home
kitchen.)
if Emmart's Hominy (Glass Jar). (Same comment
— even more expensive in glass than in tin.)
Heinz, H. J., Company, Pittsburg, Pa.
if Kidney Beans.
ir Pork and Beans — ^without tomato sauce. Oven
baked, Boston style.
Keen, Robinson, and Co., London, Eng.
in Robinson's Patent Barley. (Sugar partly con-
verted into maltose; excellent in the sick room
and for infants in case of bowel trouble, but
its recommendation for the nutrition of infants
in general and under normal conditions is de-
cidedly questionable.)
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111.
* Mexican Style Chili Con Came with Beans.
Marshall Canning Co., Marshalltown, la.
* Milk Hominy, Dairy Maid Brand. (Miik diluted
about one-half by water in processing.)
Snider, T. A., Preserve Co., Cincinnati, 0.
if Pork and beans with tomato sauce.
Sprague Warner and Co., Chicago, 111.
ic Peas, Richelieu Brand. {Slightly slack fill but ex-
cellent quality.)
VI. CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS
BREAKFAST FOODS
Cei-ag Co., Bed Bank, N. J.
"k Cerag Cereal. {Declared composition, 25 per
cent, agar and bran, with 75 per cent, of whole
wheat and barley malt partly dextrinized, is
substantially confirmed. Amount of aga!r is
rather small, and only a small part of the starch
is dextrinized, "Permanent relief from chronic
constipation" could not be guaranteed in all
cases. This would depend on the cause, but
product is an excellent one for combating or
preventing this condition.)
Dad's Breakfast Food Co., Watertown, N. T.
(N) Dad's Breakfast Food. {About 20 per cent,
wheat bran and 80 per cent. corn. A good
mixture but extravagant claims and mysterious
references to a "product of wheat of great
medicinal value" are hardly warranted.
Neither is corn as good a "body builder" as
whole wheat.)
Great Valley Mills, Paoli, Pa.
•k Cracked Oats. {Slightly short weight but ap-
246
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS StT
proved on extra quality; high in protein,
hulled.)
■*■ Cracked Wheat. , (Not so high in either protein
or ash as a prst class hard winter wheat, hut a
good standard product.)
Malted Cereals Co., Burlington, Vt.
-k Malt Breakfast Food. A Compound of Wheat and
Malt. {A good cracked wheat product with a
small amount of malt, aiout 10 per cent. Not
a malted cereal but a compound as suildbel in-
dicates. Should he named after the most im-
portant ingredient. High in protein and a good
product hut technically mishra/nded.)
Purity Oats Co., Davenport, la.
* Purity Rolled Oats. {Analysis shows an average
sample of hulled oats. No hetter than other
standard brands.)
Quaker Oats Co., Chicago, 111.
* Quaker Com Puffs. (-4. degerminated decorti-
cated corn product. Not as wholesome as whole
corn meal and high priced even when special
process is considered — at the rate of aiout $16
a bushel for com worth 80 cents. Now full
weight — a technical improvement only as less
weight is claimed than formerly at the same
price.)
Scott, A. and R., Colinton, Midlothian, Scotland.
(D) Scott's Porage Oats. (An oatmeal containing
848 1001 TESTS
only a minimum amount of protein and ash
and claiming that it is "mare delicious and
more nourishing than any kmd of oatmeal or
rolled oats," etc.)
FLOURS, MEALS, AND BRANS
Ballard and Ballard Co., Louisville, Ky.
* Obelisk Sanitary Edible Bran.
•k Obelisk Whole Wheat Graham Flour.
Economy Food Products Co., Cambridge, Mass.
•k Priseilla Prepared Doughnut Flour. {Doubt the
"economy" of such mwiwres hut general com-
position was good.)
Franklin Mills Co., Rockport, N. T.
* Franklin Pancake Flour. {One of the best self
rising products. A good straight wheat flour,
not a mixture, with a reasonable amount of good
cream of tartar, soda and salt added. Claims
slightly extreme — is not a true "whole wheat,"
but is a commercial "entire wheat" with only
part of the bram removed.)
Great Valley Mills, Paoli, Pa.
* Com Meal, White.
* Com Meal, Yellow.
{Whole grains, not degerminated. Over 4
per cent, of fat.)
(N) Graham Flour. {Not a true graham as 10 per
cent, of the bran and middlings have been re-
moved as stated in the circular. A true graham
contains practically all the bram, and about 1.8
of mineral ingredients. This flour has only 1
249
250 1001 TESTS
per cent. A good product intermediate between
a patent and a graham but inaccurately la-
beled.)
•k Eice, Brown, (1.18 of mineral ingredients, show-
ing that the rice is the whole grain, unpolished.)
•k Rye Flour. {A true rye meal, rather thwn a flour.)
•k Whole Wheat Flour. {A true whole wheat or gra-
ham; 1.5 per cent, of mmeral ingredients and
12 per cent, of protein.)
Hecker Cereal Co., New York City.
•k Hacker's Superlative Self Raising Flour. {A
straight wheat flour with a moderate amount of
phosphate baking powder and a little salt added.
A good product of its kind with unwarranted
economy clmms. About one cent a pound pre-
mium paid for the convenience of having the
ingredients mixed ready to use.)
Hills, Wm. S., Co., Boston, Mass.
(N) White Puff Flour. (A typical cake and pastry
flour, containing less protei/n, and less gluten
than a regular bread flour and therefore gi/oimg
less nutrition but a more delicate and tender
product. Contams a small amount of nitrites
which would indicate either very light bleach-
ing or contamination by absorption during stor-
age.)
H. O. Company, Buffalo, N. Y.
k Buckwheat Pancake Flour. (One of the typical
self-rising mixtures, mostly corn meal and buck-
CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS 261
wheat with a small amount of wheat and con-
tains decidedly more baking powder than home
recipes call for — presumably added in excess
to enswre good results under any and all condi-
tions. Note that buckwheat and corn should be
cheaper than straight wheat, but such is not the
case — honestly labeled in the main and con-
venient but not economical.)
Kellogg Food Co., Battle Creek, Mich.
* Sterilized Wheat Bran.
Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Co., Battle Creek, Mich.
* Toasted Bran Flakes. {An excellent bran product
but the addition of about 5 per cent, of sugar
without declaration on the label is objection-
able.)
Koiner Mills, Richmond, Va.
* Virginia Com Meal. (A true whole corn meal, not
degermvnated and of excellent quality.)
Listman Mill Co., La Crosse, Wis.
* Marvel Flour. {A very good patent flour show-
ing however traces of nitrites, and therefore
is not "absolutely pure." Extravagant claims
absurd — no better than any first class patent.)
Pieser Livingston Co., Chicago, 111.
•k Uncle Jerry Pancake Flour. (As usual in self ris-
ing mixtures the amount of baking powder
added is more than would be necessary in home
mixing. This product has the special virtue
that the percentages of different flours present
262 1001 TESTS
are accurately declared on the label. Slightly
short weight and not economic, but convenient
and makes a good pancake.)
Pillsbury Flour Mills Ca, Minneapolis, Minn,
"k Pillsbury 's Health Bran. (Claims somewhat ex-
treme, but a good bran product for combating
constipation.)
Washburn-Crosby Company, Minneapolis, Minn.
"k Wheat-a-Laxa. (One of the very best whole
wheats examdned — has 14 per cent, of protein
and 1.88 of ash, conforming to theoretical data
for a fine quality hard wheat, ground whole.)
SPAGHETTI AND MACARONI
Skinner Manufacturing Co., Omaha, Neb.
* Alphabetos. (See Macaroni.)
"k Egg Noodles. {These are true egg noodles, un-
colored.)
"k Macaroni. (A very good product containing about
13 per cent, of protein and 0.7 per cent, of min-
eral ingredients. Not "the best" as claimed
and not the whole wheat, but nearly half of the
bran is retained.)
•k Spaghetti. (See Macaroni.)
Uncle Sam's Macaroni Co., Tecumseh, Mich.
•k Spaghetti.
253
VII. CONDIMENTS
Anderson, J. H., and Co., Philadelphia, Pa.
•k Anderco Onion Sauce. {Color deepened iy burnt
sugar (caramel), harmless but may give a de-
ceptive idea as to strength.)
•k "Worcestershire Sauce, Anderco Brand. (Some
question as wheth&r the name and style of label
might mislead as to origin and identity of prod-
uct, but is of the Worcestershire type, and
technically is correctly labeled.)
Crosse and Blackwell, London, Eng.
(N) Anchovy Sauce. (Colored apparently with iron
oxid; claims extreme.)
•k Bengal Club Chutney.
(D) Genuine China Soy. (Nitrogen too low and
sugars too high for a true soy bean product; had
the appearance of molasses.)
(N) Mushroom Sauce. (No distinctive flavor; harm-
less but of dubious quality and authenticity.
Should contain enough mushroom to give it char-
acter.)
(N) Walnut Catsup. (No distinctive flavor — medmcre
quality.)
254
CONDIMENTS 265
Heinz, H. J., Co., Pittsburg, Pa.
•k India Eelish. (Objection to name as product is
not from India and is not especially typical of
Indian products except that it contains a smaU
amownt of curry.)
•k Prepared Mustard.
Leggett, Francis H., and Co., New York City.
•k Premier Salad Dressing. {A good product con-
taining egg and over 50 per cent, of oil, which
however is entirely or partly cottonseed oil and
should he declared as such on the label.)
Lester, Francis E., Co., Mesilla Park, N. M.
(N) Mexican Ground Chili. {Extravagant digestional
claims and unwarranted reflections on the inju/ri-
ousness of other spices. Contained only about
half the non-volatile ether extract, found in
these products usually. Either naturally in-
ferior, or only a part of the chillies was
ground.)
Morton Salt Co., Chicago, 111.
* Morton's Free Running Salt. (A salt to which a
"drier" has been added- in the form of 1 per
cent, of calcium phosphate {declared on the la-
bel), to prevent "caking.")
National Onion Salt Co., Chicago, 111.
* Nosco Celery Seasoning. {Impregnating the salt
(48 per cent, of product) with the celery oil
S56 1001 TESTS
adds materially to the cost of the product hut
even considering this over $2 a pov/nd for a salt
seems high.)
Nosco Garlic Seasoning. (A rather expensive con-
venience at 15 cents for 1.8 ounces when salt is
15 cents for 16 ounces and this is merely 87
per cent, salt impregnated with garlic.)
Vni. DESSERTS
Allredie Pure Food Co,, Boston, Mass.
(N) Allredie Brand Plum Pudding. {Merely a mix-
ture of ground cereals, whole raisins and spices
— not a prepared plum pudding.)
Burrell Products Co., Newark, N. J.
(N) Eeady Mixt Custard Pudding. {Product appears
to be about three-fourths starch, sugar, and a lit-
tle glucose. Only a minute amount of fat pres-
ent but analysis would indicate that some egg
albumen and dried milk preparations were used
to substa/ntiate at least techrmally the right to
the name "custard." Harmless and conven-
ient, but not either of high quality nor economic
considering the food value as compared with the
home made mixture.)
(N) Ready Mixt Icing and Filling. {About 90 per
cent, of sugar and 4 per cent, of glucose and a
very small amount of egg. A good product of
its kind but not cheap even at 10 cents for 6
ounces. Convenient and harmless but not eco-
nomic nor a "food of the highest quality" as
claimed.)
Beale, W. C, Fish Co., Eastport, Me.
* English Plum Pudding.
257
258 1001 TESTS
Cream Whip Co., Cleveland, Ohio.
(N) Cream Whip. {Essentially a viscogen product
{calcium sucrate or lactate) the use of which
enables a thin cream (14%) to masquerade as a
superior product, a heavy cream containing
about 30 per cent, of fat being desirable for
whipping ordinarily. Not harmful, and might
be used by the housewife in emergencies, hut not
to be recommended for general use as it lends
itself too readily to fraudulent purposes to be
approved.)
Curtis, Emma E., Melrose, Mass.
(N) Snowflake Marshmallow Creme. {Glucose, gum,
and sugar, essentially. Not a "creme" in any
true sense of the word but is of characteristic
marshmallow composition. Not an "acceptable
H_ substitute for cream," even when thinned with
milk as suggested, either as to nutritive value
or deliciousness. Harmless but not of star qual-
ity.)
Fruit Puddine Co., Baltimore, Md.
(D) Puddine — ^Almond. {No flavor distinguishable —
no weight declared. Cost double the price of
plain cornstarch.)
(N) Puddine, Chocolate flavored. {Hardly "choco-
late" — rather cocoa and very little of that.)
(D) Puddine, Cream Vanilla Flavored. {Notice of
Judgment 3329 condemned this product on the
DESSERTS 259
ground that artificial flavor was used while term
"fruit flavored" indicated genuine flavors.)
(D) Puddine — ^Lemon Flavored. {A minute amount
of coal tar dye, proiably one of the permitted
colors (Naphthol Yellow S). Flavor could not
he identified; not probable that it is a true fruit
flavor.)
(D) Puddine — Orange. (A small amount of coal tar
dye, probably q, permitted color {Naphthol Yel-
low 8.). Flavor not at all distinctive; not prob-
able that it is a true "fruit" flavor, though
harmless.)
(D) Puddine — ^Rex Vanilla. (These products are all
harmless hut consist of cornstarch with a little
rather indifferent flavoring material. Price
high at 9 cents for 6 ounces considering quality.
Why not buy cornstarch straight at 10 c^nts for
16 ounces and add your own good flavoring^.)
Hamilton, S. C, Ann Arbor, Mich.
(N) Creme Fouette. {The usual preparation of su-
crate of lime, to assist in the whipping of thin
cream or rich milk, thus enabling it to masquer-
ade as a richer product. Not injurious but lends
itself to fraud and might do injury by making
it possible to keep whipped cream for too long
periods without proper refrigeration.)
Hoenshel and Emery, Lincoln, Nebraska.
* Old English Plum Pudding. {Name slightly ob-
260 1001 TESTS
jectiondble, and no net weight declared on the
packoffe as is now required. Good quality.)
Hills Bros. Co., New York City.
* Dromedary Cocoanut. {About one-third sv^ar —
hoth glycerin and sugwr declared on label.)
Knox, Chas. B., Co., Montreal, Canada, and Johnstown,
New York.
:fr Acidulated Gelatine. (Citric acid is offered in a
separate package — not mixed with the gelatine
which is of good quality except for the small
amount of sulphur dioxid present, found in
nearly all gelatines. We are not in favor of
substituting citric acid for fresh lemon juice.
Citric acid is less wholesome and the housekeeper
should use fresh lemon juice.)
"k Plain Sparkling Gelatine.
"Lady Betty," Brookline, Mass.
* Lady Betty Mince Meat.
Parmelee Manufacturing Co., Buffalo, N. Y.
(N) Eg-Save. {Accurately labeled as contaivmg
starch, casein, egg albumen, carbonate of soda
arid a vegetable dye — but can "sa/ve eggs" only
at the sacrifice of nutrition and quality and
could not be considered a "star" product in any
sense. Obviously colored to conceal inferiority
and simulate egg yolk which is not present.)
•Raffeto, G. B., New York City.
* French Marrons. {About 8 per cent, of glucose
in syrup, presence declared on label.)
DESSERTS 261
Smith, B: D., Newark, N. J.
(N) Shure-Whip. {Essentially sucrate of lime.
Harmless but easily adapted to the perpetration
of fraud if used in hotels, etc., for thickening
thin milk or poor cream for sale. Might be per-
missible for occasional use by the housewife in
an emergency only.)
Three Miller's Co., Boston, Mass.
(N) Three Millers Marshmallow. {About 65 per cent,
glucose, with 22 per cent, of sugar and a little
egg albumen. A legitimate " marshmallow"
mixture but when offered to take the place of
whipped cream, and as a "nutritious" food
product, can not be approved. Was also short
weight. Price high considering composition.)
White Stokes Co., Inc., Chicago, 111.
(N) Mallo Icing and Topping. {Sugar, glucose
{about 58 per cent.), a little egg albumen, starch
and vanilla. Harmless, but statement that it
"effects a great saving in eggs and cream while
producing more satisfactory results" is not cor-
rect. "Food values are not sacrificed" is an-
other misleading statement.)
IX. EXTRACTS
American Products Co., Cincinnati, 0.
Zanol Flavoring Extracts.
(N) Cloves.
(N) Peppermint.
(N) Lemon.
(N) Celery.
(N) Nutmeg.
(N) Almond.
{Typical solid extracts consisting of a glyc-
erin, gum, and sugar iase impregnated by the
flavoring materials. Such flavors as lemon and
vanilla do not lend themselves so well to this
form; authenticity of almond a/nd lemon fUwors
was doubtful — probably reenforced. Slur upon
alcohoUc extracts entirely unwarranted and
misleading to buyer. Products are harmless.)
Carey Co., Newark, N. J.
•k Vanilla Bouquet. (A standard vanilla extract.
Practically impossible to verify claim that it is
made from the Mexican vanilla bean.)
Heller, B., and Co., Chicago, 111.
(N) Vanheller. (Merely am, imitation vanilla extract
and should be so labeled instead of carrying a
fancy name suggestive of vanilla. The sublabel
262
DESSERTS
honestly declares the product to he a "synthetic
flavoring combining' vanillin and coumarin with
caramel color." Harmless and sold for about
one-third the price of true vanUla.)
Sauer, C. F., and Co., Eichmond, Va.
•k Lemon Extract, F. F. V. Brand, {About twice
the minimum strength called for by the stand-
ard, but slightly short weight.)
•k Orange Extract, F. F. V. Brand. {Same com-
ment.)
k Vanilla, F. F. V. Brand. {An authentic vanilla
extract but the presence of even a harmless col-
oring like caramel gives a false idea of strength
by deepening color and should be declared on the
label, whether added as such or produced during
the process of manufacture.)
■k Saner 's Pure Concentrated Extract Vanilla.
•k Easpberry Flavor. {Same comment as on the
strawberry.)
k Strawberry Extract, F. F. V. Brand. {Full
weight and greatly improved as compared with
previous synthetic ftaA)ors. Practically made
from the natural fruits though probably reen-
forced.)
Sherer-Gillett Co., Chicago, 111.
* High Grade Extract Almond.
* High Grade Lemon Extract.
* High Grade Extract of Orange.
* High Grade Extract Vanilla.
X. FISH (CANNED, DEIED, ETC.)
Beale, W. C, Fish Co., Eastport, Me.
* Boned Cod Steaks.
• Fleecy Codfish.
•k Boned Herring.
•k Ltmch Herring.
•k Finnan Haddie. {Not the true imported Scotch
product — strictly speaking should he labeled
"Finnwn, Haddie" type or style.)
(N) Jellied Lohster. (Bather finely shredded lobster
in liquid — gelatine present but did not solidify
after being on ice several days. Not unwhole-
some hut lacking in quality and was not "jel-
lied.")
Beziers, Rene, Douarnenez, Brittany, France.
if Yacht Club Sardines, Plain. {Weight satisfactory
— best product of the three; manipulation may
affect flavor somewhat.)
•k Yacht Club Sardines — ^without bones. {Not a very
distinctive flavor and fish rather large. Slightly
short weight. "Delicate flavor" claimed.)
•k Yacht Club Sardines — ^without bones or skin.
{Net weight should he given.)
Borgen, C, Packing Co., Stavanger, Norway.
(D) Carnival Sardines. {Tin corroded and twice the
264
FISH (CANNED, DRIED, ETC.) 265
amount of ddssolved tin found that is permitted
by regulation. Not true sardines — but labeling
"Norwegian sardines" is permitted by ruUng.)
(N) Sardines in. pure olive oil. {Not properly labeled
— these are not true sardines (pilchards) and
even the lax regulation requires labeling "Nor-
way Sardines." These are really sprats or her-
ring. Good products but misleading labeling.)
Biirnham and Morrill Co., Portland, Me.
if Clams. (Slack fill — drained weight of dam meat
not as much as it should have been but quality
was good and as the standard net weight con-
tents of these packages was under discussion at
the time product could not be condemned on one
or two samples.)
•k Machias Bay Lobster.
Cape Cod Products Co., North Truro, Mass,
* Cape Cod Butter Fish.
Corby Commission Co., New York City.
if Clover Leaf Salmon. (Manufacturer's or packer's
name should be given. Commission products of
this kind may vary in quality and origin from
time to time.)
Crosse and Blackwell, London, Eng.
* Kippered Herring.
* Yarmouth Bloaters— Mild Cured.
Jones' Sons, Alfred, Bangor, Maine.
ir Finnan Haddie.
266 1001 TESTS
Los Angeles Canning Co., Long Beach, Calif.
"k Tuna, Panama Brand.
Tokstad, R., Stavanger, Norway.
•k Normanna Kippered Herring.
k Normanna Young Mackerel.
ir Normanna Brand, Norwegian Sardines. {Not the
true sarMne or "pilchard" but this labeling is
officially 'permitted. Should be labeled "sprat"
or "herring" as the, case may be.)
(N) Normanna Sardines in Tomato Sauce. {Tin con-
tent too high, just within legal limits (300 parts
per million). No true sardines are found in
Norway but this form of labeling is permitted
by Federal regulation.)
Xn. HOUSEHOLD EEMEDIES AND
DISINFECTANTS
Bolton Chemical Corp., New York City.
(N) Listogen Antiseptic. {A good antiseptic mixture
of V. 8. P. peroxid of hydrogen, with certain
essential oils — remedial claims however greatly
exaggerated and acetanilid, is present, not per-
mitted in Pharmacopoeial peroxid. To claim
"Successful treatment of asthma," etc., by in-
halation of any antiseptic, however good, bor-
ders on the patent medicine field.)
Bunte Brothers, Chicago, 111.
•k Cough Drops. {A strongly mentholated candy —
slight flavor of hoarhound. No extravagant
claims — merely to "give relief and comfort,"
and "stop a tickle." Remember that a "relief"
does not rem/)ve the cause. The only danger in
these products *s the false sense of security that
they may give.)
Certone Co., New York City.
(D) Certone Tablets. {Said to be the "greatest dis-
covery in the world to make flesh, give strength,
and build up your system to lasting good con-
dition." Quite a large amount of iron and lime
found with small amounts of salt, sodium sul-
267
268 1001 TESTS
phate, carhonates and silioa, phosphates and
sugars. Claims are perfectly absurd, though
iron has tonic value in some conditions and lime
and phosphoric add enter into the huilddng of
certain tissues. Milk, eggs, whole cereals, nuts,
and the like would be much more apt to "make
flesh," and the ingredients represent no "new
discovery." A typical patent medicine propa-
ganda.)
Cheseborough Manufacturing Co., New York City.
(N) Camphorated Vaseline. (A good product contain-
ing camphor but statement on label that it is
"an efficient remedy for rheumatism, gout, neu-
ralgia, catarrh, etc., can not be tolerated.)
"k Oxide of Zinc Ointment, Benzoinated. {True to
percentage composition as declared but
amount of benzoin is hardly sufficient to warrant
its presence on the label. While claims are
slightly broad it is true that such an oint-
ment is recognized as generally useful in the
treatment of wounds, sores, etc.)
"k Vaseline Analgia. (A medicated vaseline as de-
scribed on label. Claims somewhat elaborate
— of course is only palliative and for temporary
relief in cases of rheumatism, etc.)
Cinnakol Chemical, Sales Co., Bayonne, N. J.
(N) Cinnakol Disinfectant. {A good product but
claims as to efficiency and absolute harmless-
ness can not be guaranteed. While not ac-
HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 269
tually carbolic it is a mixture of phenoUc com-
pounds closely allied to cariolic. Was not
found to ie 7 times as efficient as carbolic as
claimed.)
Daggett and Ramsdell, New York City.
(N) Headache Cologne. (Merely a mentholated co-
logne — short measure. Could give only very
superficial relief due to coolness produced by
menthol and evaporation of alcohol. Claims not
extreme but slightly misleading even so.)
De Pree Chemical Co., Chicago, 111.
* San Tox.Boro-Thymol. (A good antiseptic prep-
aration refreshingly free from false and extrava-
gant claims. Only criticism is that amount of
alcohol was, according to our determination,
overstated on the label by 2 per cent.)
* San Tox Carbolized Witch Hazel Salve. {A good
antiseptic salve definitely and conservatively la-
beled, with the exception that "witch hazel" is
not an important ingredient and can not he
identified in the presence of the camphor and
carbolic. Unfortunate that it has so prominent
a place in the name of the product.)
Foley and Co., Chicago, 111.
(D) Citrolax. (A laxative consisting essentially of
baking soda, magnesium citrate and a little
phenolphthalevn; "a nascent double salt of citro-
tartrate of sodium and potassium," claimed.
Becommended for headache, indigestion, had
no 1001 TESTS
blood, biliousness, etc. The promiscuous and
contivAied use of cathartics is most threatening
and objectionable— not necessarily even a relief
for troubles mentioned — this depends on the
cause.)
Gauss, C. E., Marshall, Mich.
(D) Gauss Catarrh Elixir and Catarrh Balm. {The
elixir is an alcoholic solution of cathartics
and vegetable drugs of little or no therapeutic
value offered as a "blood purifier." The balm
is a vaseline ointment containing such well
known antiseptics as menthol, thymol, eucalyp-
tol, etc. Claims made as a catarrh cure abso-
lutely unwarranted.)
General Purification Co., Madison, Wis.
(D) B. K. Grermicide. {Contains hypochlorites as
claimed, but tests show an efficiency varying
from 10 to 4 (10 claimed), and almost no ef-
ficiency in the presence of organic matter which
would unfit it for outhouses, etc., for which it
is especially recommended. Is unstable rather
than "fixed and stable" as claimed. Medicinal
claims also objectionable.)
International Laboratories, Binghamton, New York.
(D) Parmint. (The only inffredients identified in this
mixture were alcohol, chloroform, and small
amounts of sugars, menthol, and some oil re-
sembling eucalyptol. This product is advertised
with patent medicine claims as "a standard rem-
HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES 271
edy for catarrh" "in England and France!"
Deafness, asthma, and hronchitis are "all treated
hy purifying and enriching the Mood hy this
remedy." Chloroform and alcohol, would be
largely if not entirely responsible for any tem-
porary effects produced.)
Kent, Chester, and Co., Boston, Mass.
(D) Vinol. {Called "a real cod liver oil preparation
far superior to the old fashioned cod liver oil,"
but depends chiefly upon "medicinal extractives
of cod livers," 18 per cent, of alcohol and a
small amount of iron for its effects. Is not ef-
ficacious as a "strengthening tonic" as the ex-
cluded oil is the most important part of such
preparations. Feeding experiments showed cod
liver oil to have a marked superiority as a source
of nutriment over Vinol and similar prepara-
tions. Note that it contains twice as much al-
cohol as a good wine. Claims made for this
preparation might lead to its disastrous use by
invalids, etc., depending upon it for nutrition.)
(N) Saxo Salve. (An antiseptic soothing salve con-
taining free sulphur, phenol and zinc oxid.
These are recognized palliatives but the claim
that this preparation is "a scientific remedy
for skin diseases" can not be approved. Ec-
zema must be treated according to its form, stage
of development, etc.)
272 1001 TESTS
Oil Products Co., Inc., New York City.
(D) Usoline Oil. (One of the many mineral oils sold
under a fancy name for use in constipation.
This one however did not comply with the sul-
phuric acid test and so is not deemed suitable
for internal use; moreover in connection with
unsatisfactory composition extra/oagant claims
are made as to superior quality "The only per-
fect product of this Une," "Oils of the commer-
cial quality are not suitable for internal use,"
etc.)
Piatt, Henry B., New York City.
(N) Piatt's Chlorides. {Revised label improved
claims, but product has but little value as a
germicide and practically none in the presence
of organic matter. Hence recommended uses
for garbage cans, in epidemics, typhoid, etc., can
not be approved. Inert material, including 84
per cent, of water declared on label.)
Prophjrtol Products Co., Richmond, Va.
(N) Prophytol Antiseptic Solution. (Essentially a
formaldehyde preparation with essential oils,
37 per cent, of alcohol an important item. La-
bel and claims much improved but still too
strong for unqualified approval. Irritating ef-
fect of formaldehyde not removed but only
masked by essential oils. Thymol, boric acid,
and potassium chlorate also said to be present
in very small amounts.)
HOUSEHOLD REMEDIES
Sasso, P., and Figli, Oneglia, ItaJy.
(D) Sasso 's Medicinal Olive Oil. {A good olive oil
with much exaggerated medicinal claims. A
very small amount of iodin added apparently to
compete with cod liver oU. Diseases "pecul-
iarly cured" by this oil and for which it is
"highly recommended" include diabetes, ec-
zema, paralysis, heart disease, epilepsy, etc.)
(N) Sasso 's Emulsion. {An emulsion of about one,
fourth olive oil with glycerin and very small
amounts of glycerophosphates of Ume, of du-
bious tonic value. Not harmful but can not
approve its prescription for teething infants,
scrofula, pulmonary troubles, etc. Think
straight olive oil 100 per cent, and no free
glycerin would be more helpful. Also decidedly
short weight.)
Standard Oil Co., Bayonne, N. J.
•k Nujol. {A very good quality of liquid j>etrola-
tum purified to fit it for use as an internal luifri-
cant; useful in treatment of constipation as
stated. Not absorbed by the body at all — effect
purely mechanical. Slightly short weight and
price is high. Approved on purity, usefulness,
and moderate cUdms.)
XIII. LAED, CHEESES, BUTTEE, AND
THEIE SUBSTITUTES
Berlin Mills Co., Portland, Me.
•k Kream Krisp. {Eydrogemzed cottonseed oil. A
good cooking fat, hut does not take the place of
iutter from a nutritive point of view. Economy
claims rather exaggerated.)
Crosse and Blackwell, London, England.
"k Grated Parmesan Cheese. {True to type hemg
made of skim milk as stated, containing only 19
per cent, of fat as compared with 34 per cent,
in full cream cheese. Is an Italian cheese and
if made in England should he so labeled or
marked "Parmesan Type.")
Downey, Jas. T., and Co., Chicago, 111.
(N) Oleomargarine — ^Downey's Delight. {A good oleo
— ohjections are solely to its short weight, claim
of "rich and delicious," amd the fact that color-
ing matter is sold with it. The latter practice is
illegal in some states and enables hotel keepers,
etc., to sell oleo as hutter. The color itself is
harmless, and the product a wholesome one.)
(N) Oleomargarine — Sweet Marie. {A little richer in
butter fat than the "Downey 's Delight. ' ' Same
criticisms ohtam.)
274
LARD, CHEESE, BUTTER 275
Kraft, J. L., and Bros. Co., New York City.
•k Elkhorn Cream Cheese. (Slightly short weight.)
(N) Elkhorn Tasty Cheese. {Slightly short weight
and high priced. Not especially rich and not
economical, as claimed — selUng at about 50 cents
a pound.)
(N) Elkhorn Pimento Cheese. {A fair product hut
over half water and sold at the rate of 50 cents
a pound. Less fat and more water than other
approved products.)
Monroe Cheese Co., Monroe, N. Y.
* Liederkranz Cheese.
Moxley, Wm. J., Chicago, 111.
(N) Moxley 's Gold Seal Oleomargarine. {A good oleo
containing considerable butter. Sale of color
with the package is deemed an evasion of the law
and would make possible its sale as butter in
lunch rooms, etc.)
(N) Moxley 's Special Oleomargarine. {A good oleo
which is a cheap, nutritious butter substitute
when honestly sold. Not "an ideal table deli-
cacy" at all and sale of color with the product
is deemed an evasion of the law which would
permit the sale of oleo as butter in hotels, etc.)
Saute Products Corporation, Chicago, 111.
* Sawtay. (A cooking fat made essentially from
cocoanut oil, which is much esteemed as an edible
fat. The claims made however that it produces
more palatable and more digestible products
276 1001 TESTS
than butter, lard and cottonseed oil, are not sus-
ceptible of convincmff proof and should be dis-
counted.)
Tokstad, R., Stavanger, Norway.
(N) Normanna Zig Zag Cheese. (A wholesome, tasty
cheese well put up in 4 individual portions in a
tin. Not in my opinion proper to call this
product even "Camembert style" — a Norwegian
product only remotely resembling true French
Camembert.)
XIV. MEATS (CANNED, DEIED, ETC.)
Armour and Co., Chicago, IlL
'k Star Slab Bacon.
"k Star Sliced Bacon.
* Star Ham.
Beech-Nut Packing Co., Canajohaile, N. Y.
■k Beech-Nut Ham. (Short weight largely accounied
for by low moisture content — dried out after
wrapping. No net weight statement now re-
quired on hams.)
Chinese American Food Co., New York City.
k Mushroom Chop Suey. {Only a small amount of
chicken with beef, mushrooms, etc. No special
objection to product which does not however
seem well adapted to canning.)
Deerfoot Farm, Southhorough, Mass.
k Deerfoot Farm Sausage.
Frank, L., and Sons, Milwaukee, Wis.
k Braunschweiger Style Liver Sausage. {Name
slightly objectionable — no way of determining
how closely it complies with foreign product.
If "made as only Frank knows how" they can
not be made according to foreign recipes. Fresh
meats of this type marketed at long distances
coil for most careful handling to preclude dan-
277
278 1001 TESTS
gerous decomposition. Products are acceptable
as to flavor and composition.)
if Braunschweiger Style Meat Wurst. {Same com-
ment.)
* Frankforts. {Small sausages of cured meats; are
relatively much safer.)
(N) French Meat Cheese. {Same comment, this prod-
uct not even marked "type" or "style.")
(N) Kaiser Jagd Wurst. {Same comment as on other
samples — put up in large case and slightly de-
composed where cut.)
* Quality Frankforts.
* Tongue Luncheon. {Calls for careful handling.)
(N) Vienna Braided Sausage. {Same comment — not
even marked "style" or "type.")
Holly, C. B., and Co., HoUiston, Mass.
* Boiled Chicken. {Very good quality, though
price is rather high — 85 cents for about 1 pound
and 7 ounces. No net weight stated on package
as now required.)
Hormel, Geo. A., and Co., Austin, Minn.
* Pork Sausage, Dairy Brand.
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Chicago, 111.
* Libby's Sliced Bacon. {Not so thoroughly cured
as when not packed in glass jars — shotdd he
handled with care after opening.)
■*■ Cooked Ox Tongues.
Morris and Company, Chicago, 111.
if Supreme Bacon.
MEATS S79
^ "k Supreme Ham.
Squire, John P., and Co., Boston, Mass.
* Sliced Bacon, Arlington Brand.
S. and S. Co., Chicago, 111.
* Sulzberger's Majestic Sliced Bacon. {Sliced iacon
in glass container is an uneconomic and unnec-
essary umy of handling a salt meat; cost about
65 cents per cound.)
Swift and Co., Chicago, 111.
•k Premium Bacon. (Slab.)
Vogt, F. G., and Sons, Inc., Philadelphia.
(N) Scrapple Liberty Brand. {No standard for this
product but it contained more water and much
less meat than other products of this kind.
Potassium nitrate and tin also present in minute
amounts. Not adapted to tinning.)
XV. OLIVE OILS, ETC.
Callahan, George, and Co., New York City.
(N) Callahan's Special Olive Oil. (Extrcwagant
medicinal claims which cannot he tolerated, aU
thoiigh the quality of oU is good.)
Calve-Delft, Delft, Holland.
(N) Delft Peanut Oil. {An authentic peanut oil. Is
not "matchless for mayonnaise and other salad
dressings" — being of a Hand, characterless
flavor. Could compete with cottonseed oil hut
not with olive oil. Price should he lower —
nearer that of cottonseed.)
Italian Importing Co., New York City.
(N) Holy Father Olive OU. {A good standard oU.
Not starred solely hecause of misleading use of
Pope's name and figure on lahel.)
Migliore, J., Behnonte, Italy.
•k Florentine Lily Olive Oil. (Superior to other
brand examined in acidity content. Quality
claims justified to this extent.)
* Virgin Olive Oil. {A true olive oil but acidity a
Utile high on sample examined. Very slightly
short weight.)
Windermere Ranch, LaMirada, California.
• MeNaUy's Olive Oil.
280
XVI. PEESERVES, PICKLES, ETC.
California Fruit Canners' Assn., San Francisco, Cal.
* Olives, Del Monte Brand. (Good but hardly "Ex-
tra Quality." Loose use of such . terms on
canned goods is regrettable but general.)
Cape Cod Products Co., North Truro, Mass.
•k Beach Plum Jelly.
"k Piccalilli.
Crosse and Blackwell, London, Eug.
•k Pickled White Onions.
ic Sweet Pickle.
Cudahy, John, Fig Products Co., Chicago, 111.
•k Fig Marmalade.
"k Orange Marmalade.
* Pineapple Marmalade.
Grape Fruit Products Co., Inc., "Watertown, N. Y.
* Grape Fruit Ola Marmalade.
Heinz, H. J., Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.
k Apple Butter. (Slightly short weight.) y
k Grape Fruit Marmalade.
•k Spanish Queen Olives. (Net weight was correct
including liquid, but should preferably refer to
weight of oUves only; about 3 ounces of brine
and 4 ounces of olives found.)
281
1001 TESTS
Kidd, Mrs. £. G., Inc., Eichmond, Ya.
if Pin Money Mixed Pickles.
"Lady Betty," Brookline, Mass.
•k Lady Betty Golden Conserve. {Moisture content
rather high for a "conserve" hut over weight
and excellent quaUty m general.)
"k Lady Betty's Grapefruit and Orange Marmalade.
•k Lady Betty Mustard Pickle. {Colored with tur-
meric, a harmless vegetable dye, and apparenthf
some added starch present. Would not be per-
mitted in a mustard without declaration hut in a
mixed product of this hind may he deemed
barely permissible. Forty-five cents for 20
ounces is rather high.)
•k Lady Betty Pepper Eelish. (Net weight not given
and price rather high — ^10 cents for 22 ounces —
three-fourths water.)
k Lady Betty's Pineapple-Orange Marmalade,
k Lady Betty Piccalilli.
Ridgewood Orchard, Winchester, Va.
* Mint Jelly. {A good apple jelly flavored with
mint amd so labeled.)
Sulzberger and Sons Co., Chicago, lU.
k Pride Pure Apple Butter.
k Pride Pure Crabapple Jelly.
'(N) Colonial Brand Pure Fruit Jam. (35 per cent,
raspberry and 65 per cent, apple and sugar.
Beally an apple jam flavored with raspberry.
PRESERVES, PICKLES, ETC.
A cheap wholesome product honestly labeled hut
not of star quality — short weight.)
(N) Colonial Brand Pure Fruit Jam. (33 per cent.
" strawberry and 65 per cent, apple and sugar.
Short weight, and amount of strawberry small
— barely flavors the jam. A cheap, wholesome
product honestly labeled, but not of high qual-
ity.)
xvn. suaAES and saccharine
PRODUCTS
Alexander Molasses Co., Chicago, 111.
* Dove Brand Molasses. {A minute amount of
sulphur dioxid {not mare thwn 70 parts per
mdllion) is tolerated because of Government
ruling permitting 350 parts! Only 46 parts per
million found in this product which is a good
standard article in other respects. Hardly "su-
preme quality" nor "absolutely pure" with even
this amount of 80 ^ present.)
Charles and Co. (Distributors), New York City.
(N) Vermont Maple Syrup. ( Water content too high.
Invert sugars also too high, indicating fermenta-
tion or carelessness in manufacture. Other data
indicate a true maple sugar with no cane sugar
added.)
Heather — The Highlands, WiLmington, Vt.
•k Vermont Maple Syrup. {Very informal label
bearing no net weight; product, however, is best
of its kind examined, showing that a fine syrup
does conform to the Government requirements
and averages.)
Oelrich & Berry Co., Chicago, 111.
(N) Old Manse Brand Syrup. {Made from cane sugar
and Canadiam Maple as labeled but only about
284
SACCHARINE PRODUCTS 285
20 per cent, or less of maple was found and pic-
ture of maple camp is rather misleading.
Really should be labeled "flavored with maple."
"Absolutely pure" claim especially objection-
able on a product of this kind.)
Penick and Ford, Ltd., New Orleans, La.
(N) Brer Babbitt Molasses. (Amount of sugar pres-
ent rather low, and water rather high; amount
of sulphur well within our permitted limits.
Not adulterated but not of high quality.)
(D) Orla Molasses. (Eea/vUy sulphured — 459 parts
per million and only 350 are permitted. About
a second molasses as far as sugar content is
concerned.)
Root, A. L, Co., Medina, 0.
•k Honey.
XVin. TOILET AETICLES
COLD CREAMS
De Pree Chemical Company, Chicago, 111.
* San Tox Cold Cream. {A typical cleansing! or
massage cream, contadning wax, soap, petrola-
tum, and boracic acid. No extreme cla/ims
made.)
(N) San Tox Peroxidized Cream. {A good cream of
the "vanishing" or glycerin type but does not
contain enough peroxid to warramt the name.
Ingredients named on the label must be present
in detectable amounts or no characteristic result
cam, be expected. No peroxid could be found in
the finished product.)
ik San Tox Shaving Cream. (A good product about
40 per cent, soap; glycerine and boracic acid
present. No free alkaU found.)
Ingram, F. F., Co., Detroit, Mich.
(D) Ingram's Milkweed Brand Cream. (Is not "per-
fectly harmless," and is not a "powerful skin
food" — on the contrary is a grease product con-
taming ammoniated mercury, a poisonous salt,
with sine oxid and bismuth.)
La Valliere Ca, The, New Orleans, La.
if Creme La Valliere. (Peroxide Vanishing Cream.)
{Cream is true to type; stearic acid is found and
286
TOILET ARTICLES 287
so is not literally " greaseless." Peroxide is
present and quality is excellent.)
Lillian Russell's Own Toilet Preparations, 2160 Broad-
way, New York.
(N) Lillian Bussell's Cleansing Cream. (A delicately
perfumed, fine cold cream for cleansing pur-
poses but no basis found for claims that it will
"whiten any skin," or has it any special "heal-
ing qualities.")
(D) Lillian Russell's Skin Nutrient. {Appears to be
the usual cold cream perfumed and tinted.
There are no "skin foods" — the skin cannot be
nourished from without, as absorption is too
sUght. Such daims as these have been con-
demned in the courts. {See N. J. 16 a/nd 82
Sartoin and Madame Yale's skin foods.))
(D) Lillian Russell's Smooth-Out. {Apparently an
unmedicated cold cream — which, however, sep-
arates on standing — may be made mth special
oils, such as cocoanut or palm, or olive — but
none of the usual astringents or antiseptics could
be identified. Sealing damns not warranted,
whatever the composition might be.)
Magda Co., Chicago, 111.
(N) Magda Toilet Cream. {A very good cold cream
of the usual mineral oil or vaseline type.
Borated. Could be approved but for claim
"Especially adapted for feeding wasted tissues"
288 1001 TESTS
and the inference that the ordinary creams of
the shops are apt to be injurious.)
Mounier, Ernest, Boston, Mass.
•k Mounier 's Creme au Benzoin. {A good benzoin
glycerin lotion. The claim "A superior quince
seed lotion" is not substantiated; if quinceseed
is used at all it is in such form (extract) and
such small quantity that it cannot be detected.
Sub-label should be corrected.)
National Toilet Co., Paris, Tenn.
(D) Nadinola Skin Purifier. [A typical freckle re-
mover containing bismuth a/nd mercury. Not a
"skin purifier," and could not "clear the skin of
blemishes." Mercury might be dangerous, as it
is a poisonous metal.)
Peninsular Chemical Co., Detroit, Mich.
(N) Penslar Buttermilk Cerate. {Lactic acid present,
indicating presence of some buttermilk. Hardly
a true cerate as no white wax was found.
Product could have been approved but for claims
that it "affords nourishment to the underlying
tissues." The skin cannot he fed in any such
way.)
JiD) Penslar Lilac Face Cream. (A very greasy
cleansing cream with zinc oxid for which the
following misleading claims are made: "An
admirable skin food," "capable of being ab-
sorbed by the skin and so penetrating to its
deeper structures.")
TOILET ARTICLES 289
(N) Penslar Vanishmg Face Cream. {Consists of
stearic acid and soap essentially. Is not en-
tirely free from greasy or oily characteristics as
claimed. Harmless, hut claims extravagant.)
Pompeian Manufacturing Co., Cleveland, 0.
* Pompeian Night Cream. {A very good cold cream,
of the petrolatum type, containing also horic
acid, and soap. Delicately perfumed and pleas-
ant to use but very expensive — like all smM
packages — 29 cents for about 2 ounces means
$2.32 per pound. No cold cream replenishes the
oils of the skin except in a very superficial ma/n-
ner, as the skin is only slightly absorbent.
Racarma, Detroit, Mich.
(N) Cream (L 'Esprit de lilas Creme fugitif). {A
typical vanishing cream, glycerin base. Could
not approve extreme quality and superlati/oe
claims.)
Steams, Detroit, Mich.
* Cold Cream, Suprema Violet. {A good cream,
petrolatum type, for cleansing purposes.
Softer and more greasy than the massage
cream.)
•k Massage Cream, Suprema. {An effective massage
cream, somewhat stiff er than the plain cleansing
cream; glycerine type.)
Stein, M., Cosmetic Co., New York City.
* Alpine Cold Cream— Stein's Theatrical Make-up.
{A good cold cream of the vaseline type for mas-
290 1001 TESTS
soffe and clecmsing purposes. Contains horic
acid. Reasonable in price — 75 cents for almost
a pound — srmll packages of fancy creams are
vastly more expensive.)
Williams, J. B., Co., Glastonbury, Coim.
iK Cold Cream.
HAIR TONICS, SHAMPOOS, ETC.
Bay Roma Co., 396 Broadway, New York City.
(D) Bay EomEL (Contains about 2 per cent, of lead
acetate and free sulphur. The reaction between
this poisonous salt and the sulphur is what
colors the hair. Statement "Will cause gray
hair to resume a natural color" is therefore mis-
leading.)
Cooper Pharmacal Co., Chicago, 111.
(N) Beta Quinol Scalp Treatment. (Quinine, resor-
cm, beta naphthol and alcohol were found.
These are stimulative principles and the product
has some merit, but claims "for nourishing the
roots of the hair" not permissible. Claims made
on label are moderate — newspaper advertising
objectionable.)
De Pree Cheimcal Co., Chicago, III.
if San Tox Eau de Quinine Hair Tonic. (Amount of
quinine and other soUds smMl — valus of all hair
tonics is limited but claims made for this product
are conservative.)
Foso Co., The, Cincinnati, O.
(D) Foso Foam. (Antiseptics and alcohol (less than
declared) found, but not enough of stimulating
ingredients to warrant claims.)
291
292 1001 TESTS
(D) Foso Tonic. {Decidedly less alcohol found than
declared on label; suspicious tests for wood alco-
hol obtained; less than half of one per cent, of
solids of any hind. Could not possibly have the
tonic properties claimed.)
Jennings Co., Perfumers, Grand Rapids, Mich.
■k Dorothy Vernon Perfume Quick Shampoo.
{Merely a liquid soap perfumed; 63 per cent,
water.)
Lee, George H., Co., Omaha, Neb.
(N) Liquid Shampoo. {Too much carbonated alkali,
especially when other soap products are accused
of "robbing the hair of its natural oil" — Apart
from this is unobjectionable and correctly de-
scribed.)
McCuUough, George B., Co., Chicago, 111.
(N) Eoyal Olive Shampoo Powder. {TirtvMlly a
Castile soap powder — could have no special ef-
ficacy in removing oils from the hair. Descrip-
tion and references to special chemical processes
misleading. Merely a convenient powdered soap
mth an olive oil base. Price high.)
Stearns, Perfumer, Detroit, Mich.
"k Violet Liquid Shampoo. ($1.00 for six fluid ounces
is rather high but one-fifth of the mdterial is al-
cohol, which adds to the cost; 28 per cent, is a
well balanced soap, containing practically no
free alkali even carbonated, and perfume is deli-
cate. No criticism except as to price. No ex-
treme claims are made.)
TOILET ARTICLES
United Drug Co., Boston, Mass.
(N) Rexall Hair Tonic — 93. {An alcoholic tonic con-
taining some resarcin, beta-naphthol, and glyc-
erin — may contain a minute amount of pilo-
carpin but the tests were negative. About 2.34
per cent, of total solids. Product has some
merit but claims as to "nourishing properties,"
revitalising the roots and replenishing the food
supply, are too strong, for unqualified ap-
proval.)
iVioma Co., 970 Eockefeller Building, Cleveland, 0.
(D) Vioma. {A dry shampoo. The base is a nitrog-
enous substance resembling casein and a small
amount of quinine was found. Would "remove
grease and dust" as claimed, as would any such
powder brushed into the hair and'^ out again.
But "Miraculous results," removing dandruff,
giving "new life" to the hair, etc., are absurd
claims that cannot be approved even in a
measure. Continuous use of a dry shampoo,
and no washing might clog the pores and be un-
desirable.)
Watkins, R. L., Co., Cleveland, 0.
(N) Mulsified Cocoanut Oil. {Name misleading — is
merely a Uquid cocoanut oil soap; is not emulsi-
fied oil as coined word "mulsified" would lead
one to think. Harmless and convenient, but ex-
pensive relatively as are all Uquid soaps.)
MISCELLANEOUS PREPAEATIONS
Floridine Manufacturing Co., New York City.
(D) Lustrite Cuticle Ice. (Apparently a mentholated
petrolatum product sold at an extranjaga/nt price
as "an infcHlible cure for lacerated, inflamed or
dry cuticle" — "highly antiseptic," "more effec-
tive than cold cream," etc.)
(D) Lustrite Cuticle Softener (Antiseptic). {Essen-
tially a little borax, colored with a coal tar dye
— absurd claims made as to its being "superior
to soap," "compounded on a scientific for-
myia," etc. Nineteen cents for two ounces of
borax is rather high.)
■k Lustrite Hand Velvet. (A good glycerin, gum
preparation with alcohol. Hardly "marvel-
ous," but good of its kind.)
(N) Lustrite Salve Enamel. (A combined saive and
enamel, i. e., silicious matter, fats, and sine.
Antiseptic value slight; 17 cents for about one-
tenth of an ounce seems exorbitant for a ma-
terial of no special adaptability or merit.)
Lillian Russell's Own Toilet Preparations, 2160 Broad-
way, New York City.
(N) Lillian Russell's Lip Stick. {A harmless grease
product impregnated with a carmine dye. True
that the grease would not be drying but the color
294
TOILET ARTICLES 295
given is hardly that of Nature, and the softness
of the lips would ie "restored" just as well by
plain vaseline or cold cream, while this product
sells for 50 cents for about two-tenths of an
ounce.)
(D) Lilliaa Russell's Rejuvenating Powder. ($1.50
charged for about one ounce of a protein bearing
powder of some kind {difficult to identify, ma/y
he of casein or egg origin) ; baric acid found, also
aluminum, mas/hesivm, etc. Price exorbitant
and claims impossible for a mixture of this com-
position or indeed of any composition. Could
not have a "constructive effect" in "reviving
old tissues.")
Magique Co., Syracuse, N. Y.
(D) Magique. (A typical aluminum, chlorid solution
to he used as perspiration check. Might be irri-
tating and injurious.)
Oriental Manicure Specialty Co., New York City.
(N) Lotus Nail Enamel. (SiUca and soap essentially.
Unobjectionable in itself but no foundation of
extreme claims made.)
(D) Sutol Rouge. (Not harmful except in so far as
the continual use of such materials may have a
coarsening effect. Does not "give a color true
to Nature.")
Piverj L. T., Paris, France.
• Azurea Sachets. (A very distinctive spicy odor-
powder probably largely almond meal.)
296 1001 TESTS
Stearns, Perfumer, Detroit, Mich. .
•k Supreme Nail Cleanser. {Price high, 50 cents for
5 ounces. Attractively put up and perfumed.
Convenient, being a stiff paste of soap, glycerin,
gum, and alcohol No special efficacy in keep-
ing "the cuticle healthy," except as cleanliness
and massage necessary in its application might
have this effect. Free from acids and bleaching
materials.)
White Cross Toilet Powder Co., New York City.
(D) White Cross Antiseptic Foot Powder. {A
slightly antiseptic talcum, boric and salicylic
acid found. Claims that it is "universally con'
ceded to be the best remedy for soft corns and
callouses," and that it "removes all offensive
odors" entirely unwarranted.)
PERFUMES
Daggett and Ramsdell, New York City.
* Violette Rico Toilet Water. (Bather high priced,
70 cents for 3.5 ounces.)
Jennings Co., Perfumers, Grand Rapids, Mich.
if Dorothy Vernon Toilet Water.
Peninsular Chemical Co., Detroit, Mich.
•k Sylvodora Bau de Toilette — ^Red Rose. {Perfume
not very distinctive hut a toilet water is not ex-
pected to he heavUy perfumed. Price (75
cents) rather high for quality.)
if Sylvodora Lilac Vegetal. {The price of one dollar
for 5 ounces of toilet water of good quality
seems excessive.)
* Sylvodora Lilaflor Perfume. {A heavy perfume
attractively put up — should, however, be almost
solely essential /)il at this price ($1.25 for 1.6
fluid drams), tut is an alcoholic extract.)
* Sylvodora Violaflor Toilet Water. {Righ priced
for quality, 75 cents for a little over three
ounces.)
Piver, L. T., Paris, France.
* Extract Azurea. {A very high priced perfume,
$1.35 for about 1 fluid ounce. Pleasant but not
297
298 1001 TESTS
a characteristic, strong essence as would he ex-
pected of a product of this price.)
Racarma, Detroit, Mich.
(N) Toilet water, L 'Esprit de Lilas. {No objection
to product hut superlative and exclusive claims
as to quality and French origin, though "made
in America," are too extravagant to warrant ap-
proval.)
Williams, J. B., Co., Glastonbury, Conn.
* English Lilac Toilet Water.
POWDERS
Babcock, A. P., Co., New York City.
* Corylopsis Talcum Powder. (Nearly all taic, not
borated — very good quality hut slightly short
weight.)
Bendick Company, 60 York Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.
(N) No-Talc Toilet Powder. (Principally starch and
sine stearate, with a little zinc oxid. Claims
very extravagant and denunciation of "talcum"
powders not warranted.)
Colgate and Co., New York City.
"k Baby Talc. (Over three-fourths talc and contain-
ing about 8 per cent, of horic acid.)
•k Cashmere Bouquet Talc. (Contains a large
amount of boric acid, about 11 per cent., and
would therefore have a true antiseptic effect.
Good quaUty and moderate claims.)
(N) Dactylis Talc. (A good toilet powder hut con-
tains only about one-fourth talc and is therefore
improperly labeled. Claims rather extreme —
"purifying," "made from form,ula of a famous
physician," etc.)
(N) Eclat Talc Powder. (A good powder containing
nearly 10 per cent, of horic acid which should be
declared on the label.)
299
SOO 1001 TESTS
De Pree Chemical Co., Chicago, lU.
•k San Tox Baby Talcum.
Daggett and Ramsdell, New York City.
■k Debutante Powder. {A very fine powder about
one-third talcum, not iorated.)
Gordon-Thome Co., Utica, New York.
(N) Baby Bunting Toilet Powder. (An interesting
and distinctive powder containing no talcum
and making a great point of this, as though tal-
cum were injurious, whereas it forms the hulk of
all of the powders on the market. This product
is very heavily borated (26 per cent., over twice
that found in any other and might be irritat-
ing), and is about half zinc stearate. Could be
approved if it were not for the misleading state-
ments made as to talcum.)
Ingram, F. F., Company, Detroit, Mich.
(N) Ingram's Velveola — The Milkweed Cream Face
Powder. {A fine white powder largely talcum
and calcium carbonate. Name of course is
meaningless.)
Lillian Russell's Own Toilet Preparations, 2160 Broad-
way, New York City.
(D) Lillian Russell's Purity Face Powder. {A good
powder, half talc, sold 1.4 ounces for one dollar!
Does not "improve the roughest skin," in any
real sense. A harmless product of usual
quality sold at an exorbitant price.)
TOILET ARTICLES 301
National Toilet Co., Paris, Tenn.
* Nadine Pace Powder. {A good compound powder
containing talc, calcium carbonate, starch, zinc
oxid and soap. Claims moderate. Price rather
high.)
National White Cross League, Chicago, 111.
(N) Violet Talcum Powder. (Only about half talc and
amount of baric acid small, considering claim
"strongly antiseptic")
•k White Complexion Powder. (A fine powder con-
taining about 30 per cent, of talc and some rice
starch; "absolutely pure" claim objectionable as
always.)
Peninsular Chemical Co., Detroit, Mich.
(N) Penslar Lilac Talcum Powder. {Contains about
60 per cent, of talcum — not enough to warrant
name — should be called a toilet or face powder
simply. Boric acid present but not declared,
A fine powder but not "unequaled," as
claimed.)
(D) Poudre de Riz. (About 63 per cent, talc and only
24 per cent, rice powder. Word "Composee"
in small type does not correct misleading name.
Should be calleda "Talc and Bice Powder.")
(N) Velveton Complexion Beautifier. — Flesh and
"White. (A liquid powder, calcium carbonate,
and zinc oxid suspended in alcohol and water.
Contains a trace of arsenic. Probably harmless
but expensive (50 cents for 4 ounces) ; name and
302 1001 TESTS
claims are misleading, could not "cover ail traces
of sallowness and unsightly blemishes," as
stated.)
(N) Violatale Toilet Powder Sylvodora. {About 40
per cent, of talc found in this product, balance
largely calcium carbonate and silica. Powder is
fine and unobjectionable except that it should be
labeled as a face or toilet powder — not a talc
powder.)
Piver, L. T., Paris, France.
(D) Poudre de Biz Azurea. {Only 40 per cent, rice
powder, the bala/nce mainly talcum — is therefore
misbranded. Permissible if sold merely as a
toUet or face powder.)
Stearns, Perfumer, Detroit, Mich.
"k Suprema Face Powder. {Eoughly calculated
product is about 45 per cent, rice starch and 45
per cent, talc, with a notable percentage of zinc
oxid, less than 10 per cent. Very fme and deli-
cately perfumed.)
Talcum Puff Co., New York City.
■k Air Float Talcum Powder. {"Borated" only in
a technical sense, as less than one per cent, was
found and this would ha/oe no antiseptic effect.
A very fme powder, 95 per cent, talc, containing,
however, the usual impurities found in com-
mercial talcs; superlative claims as to unusual
purity and superiority not warranted, though it
is very good.)
TOILET ARTICLES
* Air-Float Corylopsis Talcum Powder.
* Air-Float Wistaria Talcum Powder.
Vantine, A. A., New York City.
* Kutch Sandalwood Talcum Powder.
Williams, J. B,, Co., Glastonbury, Conn.
(N) La Tosca Eose Talc Powder. {About 70 per cent,
of talc found and 4 per cent, of ioric aciS.
Should he labeled "borated." A good powder.)
SOAPS
Bobrick Chemical Co., Los Angeles, Calif.
(N) Sop-o-zon. (A very good liquid soap, delicately
perfumed, and giving a soft, pleasant lather.
Undoubtedly made from vegetable oils as
claimed, though not from the "best and purest,"
as stated. Highest rating withheld because of
claim "carbolated" and "antiseptic"; no car-
bolic found. Could "improve the complexion,"
only as any harmless cleansing agent would do
so.)
Chesebrough Mfg. Co., 17 State Street, New York City.
(N) Vaseline Soap. {A good soap but carbonated
alkali found is a little higher than in the best
soaps and the special claims made are not sub-
stantiated. Is not "perfectly neutral" nor is it
the "cheapest and best soap made.")
Daggett and Ramsdell, New York City.
* Perfect Cold Cream Soap. {Only claim to name is
presence of small amount of unsaponifmble oil or
petrolatum, and free fatty acid, lather abundant
and creamy and soft even in cold water. Not of
markedly superior quality but good. Price 20
cents.)
Foso Co., The, Cincinnati, 0.
(N) Foso Soap. (A residue resembling tar, the only
ingredient found to substantiate claim "very ef-
ficacious medicinally"; alkali a little higher than
304
TOILET ARTICLES 305
it should be in a soap making such special
claims far "healing" properties.)
Hyde Cleaner and Moth Exterminator Co., Des Moines,
la.
(D) H. and H. Cleaner. (May be a good cleaning soap
but is entirely too high in carbonated alkali for
a toilet or path soap. Is over half water and so
is not economical.)
Orona Manufacturing Co., Boston, Mass.
(N) Orona Lily Cream Soap. (Nearly half water, and
one-thi/rd silica. A convenient preparation for
travelers, and workers as stated, but is not a
true soap and the name is somewhat mislead-
ing. Only a small amount of carbonated alkali
found — contains no free caustic alkali.)
(N) Orona Soap and Cleaner. (About 42 per cent,
silica and 42 per cent, water — hence economy
claim is hardly sustained. Practically no free
alkali and no acids. A good and convenient
preparation but claims are very extravagant,
i. e., "Marvelous household cleanser and univer-
sal toilet soap."
Packer Manufacturing Co., New York City.
"k Packer's Liquid Tar Soap. (Very little tar can be
held in solution, but enough is present to give
character to the product. Liquid soaps are
never economical but are convenient. This
product has some antiseptic value, due largely to
alcohol present — some glycerin also found.)
306 1001 TESTS
Peninsular Chemical Co., Detroit, Mich.
(N) Savon Sylvodora Violaflor Soap. {Extravagant
claims for a good soap mth a very faint delicate
perfume. No free catistic alkali hut carbonated
alkali not so low as in many cheaper soaps.)
Pixoap Works, 59 Park Street, London.
(N) Pixoap Scentless Tar Soap. ^Claims made that
"all the natural properties of pure tar" atre re-
tained in a "highly concentrated form," when
there is less than 1 per cent, of tar found. Im-
possible for a liquid tar soap to fulfill this de-
scription. Harmless but high priced and over
praised.)
Steam's, Detroit, Mich.
* Violet Soap, Suprema. (A very pleasing soap,
well made, but high in price when compared
with cheaper unscented soaps of apparently just
as good quality.)
Williams, J. B., Co., Glastonbury, Conn.
•k Carnation Soap. (Perfume not distinctive.)
•k For-Get-Me-Not Soap. {Name meaningless — odor
not distinctive.)
ir Jersey Cream Toilet Soap, {Name objectionable
as meaningless and misleading. A good soap
with less carbonated alkali than the violet soap.)
•k Lilac Toilet Soap.
"k Matinee Violet Toilet Soap. {No free alkaU, but
considerable carbonated alkali reported. Good
for the price.)
TOOTH POWDERS, PASTES, ETC.
De Pree Chemical Company, Chicago, 111.
* San Tox Tooth Paste.
Graves, Dr. E. L., Chicago, 111.
(D) Unequaled Tooth Powder. {A good powder con-
taining calcium carbonate, borate, myrrh, methyl
salicylate, etc., but sold with such utterly mis-
leadvng claims as "Removes all germs of dis-
ease," "Heals soft and bleeding gums," which
no tooth powder could do.)
National White Cross League.
ir Sanative Tooth Paste. (A smooth paste free from
grit and containing menthol and saiicylic acid.
Claims mildly extravagant — but is antiseptic
though not germicidal.)
New England Laboratory Co., Lynn, Mass.
(N) Burrill's Tooth Paste. (A good tooth paste con-
taining some antiseptic substances but the claims
to "destroy germs," "prevent sore and receding
gums," could not be approved.)
(N) Buxrill's Tooth Powder. {Calcium carbonate and
soap, with oU of wintergreen and other essential
oils. A good product but claims too extrava-
gant: Same as tooth paste, also "Antiseptic
properties can not be over estimated" "forms a
307
808 1001 TESTS
mouth mash more efficient than listerine or per-
oxide of hydrogen.")
Peninsular Chemical Co., Detroit, Mich.
"k Tooth. Paste Penslar. (Contains calcium carhon-
ate, menthol, salicylic acid, etc. Claims a little
broad hut in the main conservative. "A pro-
nounced antiseptic action tending to limit the
growth of bacteria in the mouth.")
"k Penslar Perla Denta Tooth Powder. {A good
preparation of calcium carbonate, soap, orris
root, salicylic acid, and wintergreen. Claims, as
on most tooth powders are somewhat exagger-
ated but not dangerously or specifically false.
Would do little to remove tartar but might help
to prevent its formation.)
Pond's Extract Co., New York City.
(N) Tooth Paste. (Presence of saccharin objection-
able amd claims of "unique" process hardly wa/r-
ranted. A good tooth paste of soap, calcium
carbonate, glycerin, alcohol, and antiseptics such
as menthol, cinnamon, etc., but not at all
"unique.")
Prophytol Products Co., Richmond, Va.
(D) Prophytol Antiseptic Dental Liquid. (Depends
mainly on menthol, salicylic acid, 37 per cent,
of alcohol, and formaldehyde for its germicidal
effect. A good product but of no special value
for pyorrhoea, nor will it "purify the breath."
Recent labels and claims have been much im-
TOILET ARTICLES 309
proved hut not sufficiently to warrant approval.)
(D) Pro-phy-tol Tooth Paste. {A good tooth paste
containing menthol, formaldehyde, salicylic acid,
soap, etc. Has some antiseptic and antiadd
value but claims as a germicide and as a preven-
tative of contagious diseases are unwarranted.)
(D) Pro-phy-tol Tooth Powder. - (A good powder con-
sisting mainly of soap, calcium carbonate, and
salicylic acid. Germicidal claims, especially in
the case of disease germs, unwarranted though
the product has some antiseptic value.)
White, S. S., Dental Mfg. Co., New York City.
"k Oraline Paste. {A good tooth paste containing
soap, calcium carbonate, menthol and other es-
sential oils. Claims very conservative with the
exception of the statement that "absolute clean-
liness means absolute freedom from decay."
There may be systemic causes for decay of the
teeth that cleanliness could not prevent.)
INDEX
INDEX
A. D. S. Foot Tablets, 131
Improved Foot Soap, 210
Kurakutic Soap, 210
Majestic Lilac Talc, 203
Malted Milk, 55
Peredixo Tooth Paste, 219
Peroxide Tooth Powder, 219
Shaving Cream, 177-178
Acker, Merrall & Gondii Co.,
155, 159
A-Corn Salve, 135
Adulterants in candies, 33
Adirondacks Maple Co., 169
canned goods, 41
condiments, 95
cocoas, 7
cold creams, 177
dried meats, 149
flours, 79
honey, 169
macaroni, 92
olive oil, 153
preserves, 157
salad dressings, 96
shampoo powders, 187
syrups, 167
vinegars, 97
Albumen in baking powders, 2
Alcohol in grape juice, 20
Alexander Molasses Co., 284
Alexander & Mendea, 188
Alkali-treated cocoa, 6
Allen Pharmacal Co., 203, 219
Allen's Foot Ease, 140
AUredie Pure Food Co., 257
Almond Dulce Hymettus
Cream, 186
Almond Extract, 116, 117, 118,
120, 121, 262, 263
Almond Skin Food, 180
Almonds, Festino, 31
Als Hangeaund Preserving Co.,
123
Alphabetos, Skinner Mfg. Co.'s,
253
Alum in baking powders, 2 ,
American Candy Co., 235
American Dehydrating Co., 127
Druggists' Syndicate, 55, 131,
177, 188, 199, 203, 210,
219
Fruit Products Co., 21, 159
American Products Co., 262
American Sugar Eeflning Co.,
169
Vineyard Co., 127
Ammon & Pearson, 147
Anchovy Paste, Crosse & Black-
well's, 123
Anchovy Sauce, Crosse & Black-
well's, 254
Anola, 234
313
314
INDEX
Anderson, J. E. & Co., 254
Angelas Cough Drops, 141
Anheuser-BuBcli Brewing Ass'n,
21
Anker's Bouillon Capsules, 65
Antiseptic Throat Pastilles, 134
Apple Butter, Heinz, 281
Pride Pure, 282
Apple Jam, 159, 160
Juiee, Duffy's, 21
Apples, evaporated, 128
Apricots, Del Monte Brand, 45
evaporated, 127
Hunt Brothers', 46
Apricots, Libby, McNeill &
Libby's, 239
Troubadour Brand, 46
Arbuckle Bros., 13
Armour & Co., 21, 62, 147, 150,
177, 194, 203, 211, 219,
277
Aroma Coffee Co., 13
Aromint Co., 35
Artaud, J. B. & A. Frfires, 154
Artichokes, canned, 66
Asiatic Products Co., 17
Asparagus, canned, 66, 68
Aunt Jemima's Brand Pancake
Flour, 82
Aurora Condensed Milk Co.,
55
Austin-Nichols & Co., 66, 98,
127, 159
B. H. Company, The, 178, 194,
203
Baboock, A. P. Co., 299
Bacon, Armour's Star Slab, 277
Beechnut Brand, 150
Dairy Brand, 151
Ferris's Boneless, 150
Jones Dairy Farm, 151
Libby's, 278
Morris & Co.'s, Supreme, 278
Swift's Premium, 152
Squire's, 279
Sulzberger's, 279
Swift & Co.'b, Premium, 279
Baked Beans, canned, 67, 68,
70, 243
Baker Extract Co., 116
Baker, Franklin Co., 109
Baker Importing Co., 13
Baker, Walter &, Co., 7, 235
Baking Powder — Calumet, 3
Cleveland Superior, 3 ~
Congress, 4
Davis O. K, 3
Dr. Price's Cream, 4
K. C, 4
Princine, 225
Byzon, 225
Boyal, 4 A-
Bumford, 4
Uprise, 3
The three types, 1
Soda, Slade's, 4
Ballard & Ballard Co., 249
Banana Flavor, 117, 120
Bananas, evaporated, 127
Barley, Brook's Baby, 240
Crystals, 75
Bobinson's Patent, 245
Flour, Jireh Diatetic, 84
INDEX
315
Bartlett, Stephen L. Co., 7
Barton & Guestier, 164
Bauer & Black, 131
Bay Roma Co., 291
Beach Plum Jelly, 281
Beale & Garnett Co., 123
Beale, W. C. Fish Co., 242, 257,
264
Beans, canned, 66, 67, 68, 69,
70, 243, 245
Bear Lithia Spring Co., 231
Beardsley's Sons, J. W., 62,
123, 242
Beaux Yeux, 196
Beechnut Packing Co., 98, 147,
150, 159, 277
Beef, Corned, Bed Cross Brand,
151
Dried, Armour's Sliced, 150
Beechnut Brand, 150
Libby, McNeill & Libby'a,
151
Beef, Extract of, 62, 63
Beet Sugar, 163
Beets, canned, 67, 68, 69, 243
Bell, Wm. G. Co., 98
Belle Mead Sweets, 35
Bendick Co., 299
Bennett, P. H., Biscuit Co., 233
Bensdorp (Amsterdam, Hol-
land), 7
Benzoate of Soda in condi-
ments, 96
Berlin Mills Co., 274
Bema Milk Co., 55
Berndt & Co., 17
Bernese Alps Milk Co., 56, 240
Beta Quinol Scalp Treatment,
291
B€ziers, Ren€, Douarnenez, 264
Biedert's Ramogen, 240
Biscuit, Adora, 31
Arrowroot, 31
Baronet, 31
Protana, 32
Jireh Siatetic, 29
Pakatin, 30
Saltine, 32
Social Tea, 32
Sunshine Assorted, 30
Sunshine Citrus, 31
Sunshine Petite Beurre, 31
Takoma, 31
Uneeda, 32
Water Thin, 32
Wentworth's Whole Wheat,
233
Bishop & Co., 36
Bitter Chocolates, 6
Blackberries, preserved, 160
Silver Lake Brand, 47
Blanke, C. P., Tea and Coffee
Co., 13, 17, 228
Blendo Food Co., 14
Bliss, Alonzo 0. Co., 132
Blookers (Amsterdam, Hol-
land), 8, 226
Blue Jay Corn Plasters, 131
Bobrick Chemical Co., 304
Bolton Chemical Corp., 267
Bonbons, Huyler's, 36
Maillard's, 37
Park & Tilford'a, 38
Schrafft's, 39
316
INDEX
Borden's Condensed Milk Co.,
14; 36, 56
Bergen, C. Packing Co., 264
Bosnian & Lohman Co., 147
Bouillon, Clam, 62, 242
Cubes, Anker's, 65
Armour's, 62
Liebig's, 0X0, 65
Steero, 65
Bouillon Cubes, Vegex, 242
Bour Co., 228
Bourjoias, A. & Co., 199
Boyle, John Co., 45, 66
Brakeley, Joseph, Inc., 66
Bran, Flakes, 251
Obeliah Sanitary, 249
Pillsbury Health, 252
Sterilized, 251
Bread, Gluten, 32
Brewster, Cocoa Mfg. Co., 235
Brilliantine, Carnation, 188
Brooke, C. M. & Sons, 21
Brooke's Lemos, 21
Brook's Barley Co., 240
Buckwheat Flour, Teco Brand,
82
Bunte Brothers, 236, 267
Burnett, Joseph & Co., 117
Burnham, E. L. Co., 62
Burnham & Morrill Co., 123,
242, 243, 265
Burrell Products Co., 257
Butter Fish, Cape Cod, 265
Butter, Fox River, 148
B. & P. Company, 194
Cake, Koyal Black Fruit, 233
California Fish Co., 123
Fruit Canners' Association,
45, 66, 127, 281
Callahan, Geo. & Co., 280
Calocide Compound, 138
Calox, the Oxygen Tooth Pow-
der, 222
Calumet Baking Powder Co., 3
Calve-Delft, 280
Calves' Foot Jelly, 150
Calvet & Co., 155
Campbell Co., 155
Campbell, Joseph Co., 62, 242
Campbell's Kooking Oil, 155
Candies, adulterants in, 33
Candies, Bunte Brothers', 236
Kibbe Brothers Co., 236
Park & Tilford's Juvenile,
238
Candy Figs, 36
Cane Sugar, 163
Canned Goods, adulterants in,
41
labeling, 44
weights, 42
Canthrox, 190
Cape Cod Products Co., 243,
265, 281
Cape Cod Specialty Co., 239,
243
Capsicum Vaseline, 132
Caramels, Belle Mead, 35
H. D. Fobs & Co.'s, 36
Johnston's, 37
Lowney's, 37
Maillard's, 37
Park & Tilford's, 38
INDEX
S17
Caramels, Schrafft's, 39
Whitman's, 40
Carbolaied Vaseline, 132
Carey Co., 262
Carque, Otto, 89
Carque Pure Food Co., 127, 147
Carter Lytle Drug Co., 132
Castle, The W. A. Co., 155
Castor Oil, Tasteless, 143
Caswell, Massey Co., Ltd., 204
Catsup, 98
Blue Ribbon, 103
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 101
Pride of the Farm, 103
Princess Brand, 101
Bichelieu Brand, 105
Bitter Conserve Co.'s, 103
Snider's, 105
Walnut, 254
Caviar, Creaca Co.'s, 123
Cel-Co., Mfg. Co., 228
Celery Flavor, 119
Celery Salt, Colburn's, 98
Celery Seasoning, Nosco, 255
Cerag Cereal, 246
Cerag Co., 246
Cereal Soap Co., 211
Certone Co., 267
Certone Tablets, 267
Ceylon Spice Co., 109
Chalmers, James, Sons, 109
Charles & Co., 284
Chase & Sanborn, 14
Cheese, Parmesan, Grated, 274
Elkhorn Brands, 275
Liederkranz, 275
Normanna Zig Zag, 276
Cheese Sandvrich, 31
Cheese Tid Bit, 234
Cherries, Cobb's Navy Brand,
46
Del Monte Brand, 45
Evaporated, 127
Foss' Liquid Cream, 36
Chocolate covered, 38, 40
Hunt Brothers, 46
Bose-bud, 239
Eoyal Anne, 239
Troubadour Brand, 46
Cherry Extract, 117
Chesebrough Mfg. Co., 132, 268,
304
Chicken, Holly's Boiled, 278
Boneless, Derby Brand, 151
Boneless, Libby, McNeill &
Libby's, 151
Bichardson & Bobbins', 151
Chili Con Carne, 245
Chili, Mexican, Ground, 255
Chili Sauce, Heinz, 101
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 101
Snider's, 105
Chinese American Food Co., 277
Chiris, Antoine, 155
Chocolate and cocoa, difference,
5; theo-bromin in, 5;
plain or bitter, 6
Chocolate, Almond Milk, 235
Baker's Sweet, 235
Borden's Milk, 36
Brewster's Milk, 235
Chocolat Lindt, 39
Caramels, Lowney's, 236
Creams, Belle Mead, 35
318
INDEX
Chocolate, Caracas, 38
Johnston's, 37
Maillard's, 37
Schrafit'B, 39
Skylark, 38
Hershey's Milk, 36
EofT's, with Malt Extract and
Iron, 231
Huyler's Premium, 8
Maillard's Premium, 8
Maillard's After Dinner
Mint, 237
Marshmallows, Lowney's,
236
Nestl§'s Almond Sweet Milk,
38
Nestl^'s Hazel Nut Sweet
Milk, 38
Original Sweet Milk, 38
Peanut Milk, 235
Peppermints, E. D. Foss &
Co.'b, 36
Pickman's Liquid, 227
Stollwerck's Gold Brand
Premium, 9
Suchard's, 39
Surprise Wafers, 238
Tootsie Roll, 238
Wadsworth's, 39
Whitman's Instantaneous, 9
Chocolates, Almond Milk, 38
Crest, 237
Date Filling, 236 -> -
Delecto, 237
Huyler's, 36
Looae-Wiles' Nobility, 37
Lowney's, 37, 236
Chocolates, Marmay Crimped,
37
My Lady of Quality, 235
Monte Fudge, 237
Park & Tilford's, 38
Skylark, 38
Temptation, 236
Triad, 236
Whitman's, 40
Wilbur's, 40
Chop Suey, 277
Chow Chow, 160
Christian Company, 82
Christy, Arthur N. & Co., 117
Chutney Sauce, 254
Cinnakol Chemical Sales Co.,
268
Cinnakol Disinfectant, 268
Cinnamon Flavor, 119
Citrolax, 269
Clam Bouillon, 62, 242
Clam Chowder, 242
Clams, Burnham & Morrill's,
265
llams, Pioneer Minced, 125
Clark, Coggius & Johnson Co.,
14
Clark's Corporation, 133
Clark's Pineapple Juice, 232
Cleveland Baking Powder Co.,
3
Cleveland Macaroni Co., 93
Climax Coffee Co., 14
Cliquot Club Co., 22
Cloves Flavor, 119, 262
C. N. Disinfectant, 144
Cobb Preserving Co., 46
INDEX
Coca Cola Co., 22
Cocoa, adulterants, 7
and chocolate, difference, 5
alkali-treated, 6
Baker's Breakfast, 7
Blocker's Daalders, 8
Croft's Breakfast, 226
Dutch process, 6
Grand Brand, 226
Huyler's, 8
Lowney's Breakfast, 8
Maillard's Breakfast, 8
Phillips Digestible, 8
Eoyal Dutch, 7
Swiss Chocolate Co.'s, 8
Swiss Milk, 226
Van Eouten's Famous, 9
Cocoanut, Baker's Premium
Shred, 109
Dromedary, 260
Cod Liver Oil Capsules, 135
Codfish, Beale's 264
Beardsley's Shredded, 123
Gorton's Boneless, 124
Lord Brothers' Boneless, 124
Coffee, Ariosa, 13
Bakerized Steel Cut, 13
Blendo, 14
Borden's Condensed, 14
Caldwell's Electric Cut, 13
Dekofa, 15
Fairy Cup Instant, 14
Faust, 228
Hammer's Concentrated, 228
Hotel Astor, 14
instantaneous, 12
Kaffee Hag, 229
Coffee, La Touraine, 16
Lipton's Gossip Blend Caflee-
Klatsch, 229
Lipton's Yellow Label Blend,
229
Loekyer's Extrs^ Fancy B., 15
Lockyer's Extra Fancy C, 15
Mexican Tablets, 229
Mrs. Borer's Brand Own
Blend, 14
Old Master, 228
Pure Essence of, 14
Furi-tan-ated, 14
Queen Isabella Porto Bico, 16
Bichlieu Brand Hans Evers
Process Vacuum Treated,
16
Boyal Stag, 15
San Marto, 228
Schorn & Brower's, 230
Seal Brand, 14
substitutes for, 11
The "400" Blend, 15
Tourist, 15
Vilosa, 230
Washington Prepared, 15
White House Brand, 14
Yuban; the Arbuekle Guest
Coffee, 13
Coffee Substitute, Banan-Nutro,
16
Cel-Co, 228
Drinket, 229
Instant Postum, 16
Kellogg's Cereal Beverage, 15
Kneipp Malt, 15
Mouco, 230
320
INDEX
Coffee Substitute, Old Grist
Mill, 16
Postum Cereal, 16
Colburn, The A. Co., 98, 109,
118
Cold Cream, Almond Dulce
Hymettus Honey, 184
Alpine, 289
Colgate & Co.'s, 178
Creme de Meridor, 179
Crgme Elcaya, 177
Cr§me Imperatriee, 179
Crgme LaValliere, 286
CrSme Luxor, 177
Crgme Simon, 184
Crgme Tokalon, 185
Daggett & Ramsdell's, 179
Espey's Fragrant, 179
Gille's, 180
Honey and Almond, 181
Hubert's Malvina, 181
Hygienic Crgme Eogiene, 180
Imperatrix Skin Cream, 181
Ingram's Milkweed, 286
Keeler's Superior, 182
Kosmeo, 181
Luxor, 178
Magda, 287
merits of, 173
Mounier's Crgme au Benzoin,
288
Palmolive Cream, 181
Penslar, 288
Plexo, 183
Pompeian Night, 289
Pond's Vanishing, 183
Priscilla Parson's, 178
Cold Cream, Bacarma, 289
San Tox, 286
simple formula for, 176
Stern's, 289
Suprema, 289
Williams', 290
Coleman & Co., 22
Colgate & Co., 178, 199, 204,
211, 220, 299
Colman, J. & J., 99
Condensed Milk, 51
Aurora, 55
Bear Brand, 240
Cremora, 244
Diet Milk, 244
Gail Borden Eagle Brand,
56
Carnation Brand, 59
Hires, 57
Kindolac, 244
Lapp * Co.'s, Swiss, 241
Libby, McNeill cS; Libby's,
58
Sweet Clover Brand, 59
Swiss, 55
Soups, Campbell's, 62, 242
Franco-American, 63
Knorr's, 63
Libby, McNeill & Libby's,
64
Furo Brands, 65
Vegex, 242
Yours Truly, 63
Condiments, adulterants in, 95
benzoate of soda in, 96
Cookies, Chocolate Tokens, 31
Educator Gluten, 29
INDEX
821
Cookies, Edwards's Bran, 29
Lemon Snaps, 32
Kabisco, 32
Old Time Sugar, 32
Sunshine Philopena Almond,
31
Vienna Sugar Fingers, 31
Ztt-Zu Ginger Snaps, 32
Cooper Fharmacal Co., 291
Corby Brothers, 3
Corby Commission Co., 265
Corn, canned, 66, 67, 68, 69,
'70, 243
Corn Flakes, 76
Corn Products Refining Co.,
Ill, 170
Corned Beef, Bed Cross Brand,
151
Cornmeal, Great Valley Hills,
249
Pamunkey Mills, 84'
Virginia, 251
Cornstarch, Kingsford's Os-
wego, 111
Cottolene, 148
Cottonseed Oil, 153, 155, 157
Cough Drops, Bunte Brothers',
267
Coumarin, definition of, 114
Cox, J. & G., 109
Crab Meat, 124
Eavalan Brand, 125
McMenamin & Co.'s, 124
Crackers, Agar Agar, 234
Educator Graham, 30
Educator Oatmeal, 30
Educator Water, 230
Crackers, Graham, 32
Sunshine Graham, 31
Cranberries, D e h y d r o-Fresh,
127
Cranberry Juice, Doane's,
231
Cranberry Powder, 129
Cranberry Sauce, Burnham &
Morrill's, 243
Premier Brand, 47
Crane, James C, 178, 204
Cream of Tartar, Slade's, 4
Cream of Wheat Co., 75
Cream Whip, 258
Cream Whip Co., 258
CrSme au Benzoin, 288
de Meridor, 179
Elcaya, 178
Imperatrice, 179
Fouette, 259
LaValliere, 287
Lujor, 177
Simon, 184
Tokalon, 185
Cremora, 244
Creolin-Pearson, 138
Cresca Company, 66, 99, 123,
128, 150, 159, 244
Crescent Mapeline, 118
Crescent Mfg. Co., 118
Cresco Grits, 75
Crisco, 148
definition, 145
Crittenton, Charles N. Co., 133,
211
Croft & Allen, 226
Croft's. Breakfast Cocoa, 226
INDEX
Crosse & Blackwell, 14, 100,
123, 160, 254, 265, 274,
281
Crown Lavender Salts, 199
Crown Perfumery Co., 199
Cruikshanks Brothers Co., 160
Crystal Gelatin Co., 109
Cudahy, John, Fig Products
Co., 281
Cudahy Packing Co., 63
Currant Jelly, 159, 160, 161
Currants, Dromedary Brand,
128
Currie Powder, 98, 100
Curtice Brothers Co., 100, 160
Curtis, Emma E., 258
Cuticura Ointment, 141
C. K. Disinfectant, 144
Dad's Breakfast Food Co., 246
Daggett & Ramsdell, 179, 269,
297, 300, 304
Datenut Butter, 148
Dandruff Bemedy, Wildroot,
192
Salve, Gille's, 189
Dates, Cresca, stuffed, 128
Dates, Dromedary Brand, 128
Davies, K. M. & Co., 46
Davis, Frank E. Co., 124
Davis Milling Co., 82
Davis, R. B. Co., 3
De Groff, Lewis & Son, 67, 128
De Pree Chemical Co., 269, 286,
291, 300, 307
Deerfoot Farm, 277
Del Monte brand canned fruits,
45, 46
De Meridor Co., 179
De Miracle Chemical Co., 194
Depilatory, 194
Denmark Condensed Milk Co.,
57
Dentacura Co., 220
Derby, H. C. Co., 150
Detoxyl, 139
Deutsche Milchwerke, 240
Deviled Crab Meat, 124
Diamond Crystal Salt Co., 100
Diamond Delico, 109
Diamond Gelatin Co., 109
Diamond Kail Enamel, 197
Diet Milk, 244
Dioxogen, 140
Doane, Nathaniel, 231
Dodge, Walter Luther & Co.,
134
Dole's Pure Hawaiian Pine-
apple Juice, 23
Downey, Jas. T. & Co., 274
Downs, Jean, 134
Dr. Pray'a Gloria-Lily Lotion,
183
Dralle, (Hamburg), 199
Dried Beef, Armour & Co.'s,
150
Beechnut Brand, 150
Libby, McNeill & Libby'B,
151
Drinket, 229
Dry Milk Co., 244
Dry Pits Lotion, 195
Dry Pits Lotion Co., 195
INDEX
Duff, P. & Sons, 170
Duffy's Apple Juice, 21
Duluth Superior Milling Co,,
82
Dunbar, G. W. Sons Co., 67
Durkee &, Co., 100
Dwinell-Wright Co., 14, 17
E. C. D. Chemical Co., 134
£au de Cologne Sea Salt, 196
Economy Food Products Co., 249
Educator Toasterettes, 30
Educator Water Crackers, 233
Edwards, Elinor E., 29
Eg-Save, 260
Egg Noodles, Skinner Mfg.
Co.'s, 253
Egg Plums, 239
Ehman Olive Co., 161
Eisner Mendelson Co., 23
Ekenberg Company, 82
Elkhorn Cheese, 275
Emery & Co., 124
Empress Mfg. Co., 188
Emmart Packing Co., 244
En-ser-ol, 134
Eskay's Albumenized Food, 59
Espey, J. E., 179
Evans' Sons, Lescher & Webb,
Ltd., 23, 134
Evaporated Milk, Borden's
Peerless, 66
Danish Prize, 57
Carnation Brand, 59
Our Pet Brand, 57
Swiss, 56
Van Camp's, 60
Every Woman Co., 134
Every Woman's Flesh Reducer,
134
Eye Cream, Moras's, 139
Extract of Beef, Armour's, 62
Cudahy's, 63
of Meat, Liebig's, 64
Extracts, Baker's, 116
Bee Brand, 119
Burnetts, 117
Colburn's May Flower, 118
Premiimi Brand, 119
Slade's, 121
Zanol, 262
exaggerated claims, 113
P. B. Foronga Nail Bleach, 195
P. B. Polpasta Nail Enamel,
195
Fairbank, N. K. Co., 148, 211
Farwell & Rhines, 75, 83
Fay, C, 179
Ferris, P. A. & Co., 150
Fig Newtons, 31
Pigprune, 228
Pigprune Cereal Co., 228
Figs, Carque's California, 127
Cresca, 128
Dromedary Brand, 129
Health Brand, 128
Finnan Haddie, 123, 264, 265
Fischer, B. & Co., 14, 17, 89,
100
Pish Flake, Davis's, 124
Burnham & Morrill Co.'s, 123
Five Kernels Food Co., 75
Flavors, Pitkin's, 120
324.
INDEX
Flavors, Premium Fruit, 119
Fleischmann Co., The, 3
Floridine Mfg. Co., 195, 294
Flour, Aristos, 87
Aunt Jemima's Pancake, 82
Ceresota Brand, 85
Duluth Imperial, 82
Educator Brands, 84
Fountain Brand, S3
Franklin Mills, 83
Franklin Pancake, 249
Gold Medal, 87
Golden Touch King Midas,
86
Hecker's Graham, 83
Hecker's Self Raising, 250
Jireh, 84
King Arthur, 86
Marvel, 251
Northern Light Brand, 85
Obelisk Graham, 249
Occident, 86
Old Grist Mill Brand, 86
Pillsbury's, 85
Priscilla Prepared Dough-
nut, 249
Purena Whole Wheat, 85
Rye, 250
Superlative Self-Raising, 84
Swans Down Prepared, 84
White PuflF, 250
Whole Wheat, 250
Flours, adulterants in, 79
gluten, 80
self-rising, 80
Fluid En-Ser-01, 134
Foley & Co., 269
Foot Powder, White Cross, 296
Foot Tablets, 131
Force, 75
Forest Home Farm, 83, 147,
150
Formamint Tablets, 131
Forquignon Mfg. Co., 195
Foso Co., 291, 304
Fobs, H. D. & Co., 36
Foulds Milling Co., 93
Fox River Butter Co., 148
Franco-American Food Co., 63
Franco-American Hygienic Co.,
180
Frank, L. & Son, 150, 277
Frankforts, Frank's, 278
Franklin Mills Co., 83, 249
Fear, Fred, 100
Frederick City Packing Co., 67
Freeman Perfume Co., 204
Freihofer's Vienna Baking Co.,
93
French Marrons, 260
Fresno Home Packing Co., 128
Frotana Biscuit, 32
Fruit Flavors, Premium Brand,
119
Fruit Puddine Co., 258
Gaidry, Lowell R., 100
Gallinis Brothers, 236
Gannon, £. M., 180
Garlic Seasoning, Nasco, 256
Gauss, C. E., 270
Gauss Catarrh Elixir and
Balm, 270
Geisha Importing Co., 205
ITVDEX
Gelatin, 107-108
Boston Crystal, 109
Chalmers' Transparent, 109
Cox's, 109
Knox's, 111, 260
Lipton's Jelly Tablets, 111
Minute, 111
Plymouth Eoek, 112
Gelle Frferes, 199
General Chemical Co., 225
General Purification Co., 270
Genesee Pure Food Co., 110
G«orge Washington Coffee Sales
Co., 15
Germicide, 270
"Get Slim," 134
Gherkins, 161
Giant Chemical Co., 135
Gille, E., 180, 189, 204
Gillet, Martin & Co., 17
Ginger Ale, Aromatic, 25
Ginger Ale, Blisco Aromatic,
231
Celebrated Cliquot Club
Extra Dry, 22
Delatour, 25
Hywaco, 24
Boss's Eoyal, 25
Standard, 25
Tally-Ho, 25
essence, 119, 120
Giroux Mfg. Co., 189
Githens, Kexsamer & Co., 16
Glaxo, 241
Glaxo Co., 240
Glucose in Candies, 33
Glenn's Sulphur Soap, 211
Gluten Bread, Bemmers' Dia-
betiker loaves, 32
Gluten flours, 80, 81
Golden Gate Fruit Co., 23
Gomi, T. D., 206
Gordon & Dilworth, 150, 161
Gordon-Thome Co., 300
Gorman & Co., Inc., 124
Gorton Pew Fisheries Co., 124
Gorton's Boneless Codfish, 124
Graham Flour, 249
Graham, Mrs. Gervaise, 181
Grand View Farm Produce Co.,
150
Grape Capsule Co., 135
Grape Fruit Products Co., 281
Grape Juice, alcohol in, 20
Armour's, 21
Monticello, 232
Bandall's, 232
Bed Wing, 25
Eoyal Purple, 232
Welch's, 25
Grape Ola, 231
Grape Ola Co., 231
Grape Nuts, 76
Grape Smash Syrup, 232
Graves, Dr. E. L., 307
Great Valley Mills, 246, 249
Green Bay Canning Co., 67
Greenhut-Siegel Cooper Co., 67,
83, 128
Griffith-Durney Co., 46
Grove, E. W., 135
Gumbert, 8. & Co., 3
Hagan's Magnolia Balm, 182
326
INDEX
Hair Tonic, Canthrox, 190
Empress Improved Instan-
taneous Hair Color Be*
storer, 188
Foso, 292
Gill€'s Spun Gold, 189
Hall's Hair Eenewer, 189
Hay's Hair Health, 190
Lavona, 191
Mme. Seele's French. Hair
Bluing, 190
Parisian Sage, 189
Parker's Haiti Balsam, 189
Petrole Hahn for {he Hair,
191
Pinaud's Eau de Quinine,
190
Bexall, 293
San Tox, 291
simple formula, 187
Hall, K. P. & Co., 189
Hall & Euekel, 220
Ham, Armour's Star, 277
Beeclmut, 277
Dairy Brand, 151
Ferris's Our Trade Mark, 150
Forest Home Farm, 150
Frank & Son's Lax, 150
Jones Dairy Farm, 151
Morris & Co.'s Supreme, 279
Swift's Premium, 152
Deviled, Libby, McNeill &
Libby's, 151
Underwood's, 152
Potted, Bichardson & Bob-
bins, 151
Hamilton, S. C, 259
Hammer, C, 228
Hansen's, Charles, Laboratory,
110
Hanson & Jenks Co.,. 200
Harris, W. B. Co., 15, 18
Haserot Canneries Co., 67
Hawaiian Pineapple Products
Co., 23
Pineapple Co., 46
Hay's Hair Health, 190
Headache Cologne, 269
Heams & Jones, 170
Heather — ^the Highlands, 284
Hecker Cereal Co., 83, 250
H e c k e r-Jones- Jewell Milling
Co., 84
Heide, Henry, 36
Heinz, H. J. Co., 67, 93, 101,
110, 148, 155, 161, 242,
245, 255, 281
Heller, B. & Co., 262
Heller-Barnham Co., 36
Helvetia Milk Condensing Co.,
57
Hemo, Thompson's, 60
Herring, Beale's, 264
Herring, Kippered, Crosse &
Blackwell'a, 265
Davis', 124
Kormanna, 266
Hershey Chocolate Co., 36
Heyer, George W., 205
Higgins, Wm. H. & Co., 128
Hills Brothers Co., 128, 148,
260
Hills, Wm. S., 250
Hinds, A. S., 181, 212
INDEX
Hinds' Honey and Almond
Cream Soap, 212
Eipolite Company, The, 110
Snow-Mallow, 110
Hires, Charles E. Co., 23
Household Extract, 23
Condensed Milk Co., 67
Hiscox Chemical Works, 189
H. 0. Company, 75, 250
Hoenshell & Emery, 233, 259
Hoflf, Johann, 23, 231
Hofl's Chocolate with Malt Ex-
tract and Iron, 231
Hblbrook & Co., 101
Holland Rusk Co., 29
Holly. C. B. & Co., 27&
Hominy, canned, 70
Bairy Maid Brand, 245
Emmart's, 244
Granulated, 77
Hominy, White Eose Brand, 77
Honey, Acme Brand, 170
adulterants in, 169
Emerson Brand, 172
Golden Tree, 171
Premier Brand, 170
Roots, 285
Honolulu Fruit Products Co.,
232
Hopewell Dainties, 36
Horlick's Malted Milk Co., 57
Hormel, G. A. & Co., 151, 278
Hornby's Oatmeal, 75
Houston Packing Co., 151
Howard, J. F., 101
Hoyt, W. M. Co., 63
Hoyfs "Sweetina," 141
Hubert, Prof., 181
Hudnut, Richard, 200, 205, 212
Hulled Corn, Van Camp's, 70
Humbert & Andrews, 161, 170
Hunt Brothers, 46
Huyler's, 8, 36
Hyde Cleaner and Moth Exter-
minator Co., 305
Hygeia Distilled Water Co.., 24
Hygienic Food Co., 76
Hydrox-Chemical Co., 135
Hydrox Hydrogen Peroxide, 135
Hydroxyl-Free Cod LiTer Oil,
138
Icing and Filling, Ready Mixt,
257
Icing and Topping, Mallo, 261
Igleheart Brothers, 84
Illinois Canning Co., 68
Imperatrix Co., 181
Imperial Granum Co., 57
India Relish, Heinz's, 255
Infant's Food, 48-51
Eskay's Albumenized Food,
59
Imperial Granum, 57
Glaxo, 241
Mead's Dextri-Maltose, 58
Mellin's Food, 59
Nestle's Food, 59
Patch's Powdered Sugar of
Milk, 59
Ramogen, 240
Taroena, 241
Ingram, F. F. Co., 286, 300
International Laboratories, 270
INDEX
Invert Sugar, 164
Italian Importing Co., 280
Ivins', J. S., Sons, 29
Jad Brand Salts, 136
Jad Salts Co., 136
Jams, 159, 160, 161, 282
Jaques Mfg. Co., 4
Jefferson Pickle Co., 161
Jellies, 159, 160, 161, 162
Jelly, Beach Plum, 281
Crabapple, 282
Mint, 282
Jello Lemon, 110
Jennings Company, 200, 292,
297
Jergens, Andrew Co., 212
Jireh Diabetic Food Co., 29, 76,
84, 93
Johann Hoff's Malt Extract, 23
Johnson, B. J. Soap Co., 181,
190, 212
Johnson Educator Food Co., 29,
84, 233
Johnson & Johnson, 213
Johnston, (Milwaukee), 37,
236
Jones', Alfred, Sons, 265
Jones Dairy Farm, 148, 157
Junket tablets, 110
Kaffee Hag, 229
Kaffee Hag Corporation, 229
Kaiser Jagd Wurst, 278
Karo, 170
Ketchup, Curtice Brothers', 100
Olney Canning Co.'s, 103
Keeler, Charles C, 182
Kellogg Food Co., 15, 251
Toasted Corn Flake Co., 76,
251
Kellogg, W. K., 229
Keen, Bobinson & Co., 245
Kent, Chester & Co., 271
Kewpie Kandies, 38
Kibbee Brothers Co., 235
Kidd, Mrs. E. G., 161, 282
Kidney Beans, canned, 68
Kimball, Lucile, 136
Kimball & Marxsen Bice Prod-
ucts Co., 89
Kindolac, 244
Kinox, 137
Kinox Company, 137
Kippered Herring, Davis's, 124
Kirk, James S. Co., 206, 213
Klein's (Budapest), 213
Klim, 58
Kneipp Malt Food Co., 15
Knorr, C. H., 63
Knox, Charles B. Co., Ill, 260
Knox-Crutchfield, 85
Koenig & Schuster, 68, 101, 129
Kohler, Peter Cailler, Swiss
Chocolates Co., 8
Koiner Mills, 251
Kolynos Co., 221
Kornol, 132
Kosmeo, 181
Kraft, J. L. & Bros. Co., 275
Kream Krisp, 274
"Lady Betty," 260, 282
Lambert Pharmacal Co., 137
INDEX
329
Lamb's Tongues, Derby Brand,
150
Landehut, Karl, 137
Lanman & Kemp, 200
Lanning, Wm. & Son, 47
Lapp & Co., 241
Lard, Armour's "Simon Pure,''
147
Forest Home Farm, 147
Jones Dairy Farm, 148
Silver-Leaf Brand, 148
LaValliere Co., 286
LaTona (Hair Tonic), 191
Lavoris Chemical Co., 221
Lavox Co., The, 190
Laxative Bromo-Quinine,
135
Lazell, 200
Lea & Perrins, 101
Lee, George H. Co., 292
Leggett, Francis H. & Co., 47,
68, 89, 161, 170, 255
Lehn & Fink, 137, 205, 221
Lemon Extract, 116, 117, 118,
119, 120, 121, 262, 263
Lemos, Brooke's, 21
Lemon Soda, 24
Snaps, 32
Lentils, canned, 69
Leslie-Durham & Co., 171
Lester, Francis E. Co., 255
Lever Brothers Co., 213
Levering Coflfee Co., 15
Levy, Ben. Co., 205
Libby, McNeill & Libby, 47, 58,
64, 68, 101, 151, 155, 161,
239, 245, 278
Liebig's Extract of Meat Co.,
64
Lillian Russell's Lip Stick, 294
Lillian Russell's Own Toilet
Preparations, 287, 294,
300
Lillian Russell's Rejuvenating
Powder, 295
Lilly, Eli & Co., 213
Lima Beans, canned, 66, 68, 70
Lime-Fruit Juice, Montserrat,
23
Lime Juice, Rose's Pure West
Indian, 25
Lipton, 18, 111, 229
Liss, George & Co., 68, 124
Listerine, 137
Listman Mill Co., 251
Listogen Antiseptic, 267
Lobster, Beale's, 264
Machias Bay, 265
Loganberries, Del Monte
Brand, 45
Pheasant Brand, 129
Loganberry Juice, Pheasant
Brand, 232
Lockyer & Co., 15
Loose-Wiles Biscuit Co., 30, 37,
233
Lord Brothers Co., 124
Los Angeles Canning Co., 266
Lotus Nail Enamel, 295
Louisenbad Reduction Salt, 137
Love, J. S., 171
Lowney, Walter M. Co., 8, 37,
236
Luden, W. H., 137
330
INDEX
Lostrite Cuticle Eemedies, 294
Lustr-ite Kail Enamel, 195
Luxor Bath Powder, 194
Tooth Paste, 219
Lyon, I. W. & Sons, 221
Lyon Mfg. Co., 182
Lysol, 137
HcCormick &, Co., 118
McCuUough, Geo. B. Co., 292
H c F a d d e n-Wiess-Kyle Rice
Hilling Co., 89
Mcllhenny Co., 68
McIIhenny, E., 101
HcKesson & Bobbins, 222
McMechen Preserving Co., 102
HcMenamin & Co., 124
McMonagle & Bogers, 119
HcMurdo, A. E., 232
Kacaroni, food qualities, 91
Freihofer's Egg, 93
Fould's, 93
Golden Egg Brand, 93
Jireh's, 93
Skinner Mfg. Co.'s, 253
Woodcock's, 94
Mackerel, Davis's, 124
Normanna Brand, 266
Madame Yale's Skin Food, 176
Magda Co., 287
Magique Co., 295
Maillard, Henry, 8
Maillards, 37, 237
Mallo Icing and Topping, 261
Malt Extract, Johann Eoff's,
23
Wyeth'B Liquid, 25
Malt Nutrine, 21
Malted Breakfast Food, 247
Malted Cereals Co., 247
Malted Milk, A. D. S., 55
Borden's, 57
Horlick's, 58
Thompson's, 60
Mansfield Laboratories, Inc.,
234
Manufacturing Co. of America,
37
Maple Syrup, Leslie's, 171
Log Cabin,. 172
mixtures, 167
Old Manse Brand, 284
Pride of the Ad-i-ron-
dacks, 169
Vermont, 172, 284
Vermont Maple Sap, 171
Mapleine, Crescent, 118
Mapl-Flake, 76
Marietta Stanley Co., 182
Marinello Company, 206
Marmalade, 160, 161, 162, 281,
282
Marshall Canning Co., 60, 245
Marshmallow CrSme, Snow-
flake, 258
Three Miller's, 261
Whip, Whitman's 112
Marshmallows, Angelus, 39
Heide's, 36
Martindale, Thomas & Co., 138
Marzahl, W., 102
Maspero, C, Inc., 155
Maul Brothers, 94
Mayer, Alfred, 37
INDEX
331
Mead, Johnson & Co., 68
Meat, Potted, Libby, McNeill
& Libby'B, 151
Meat Wurst, Frank's, 278
Meats, dried, adulterants in,
149
Medical Formula Co., 138
Mellin's Food Co., 59
Mennen, Gerhard Chemical Co.,
206
Menthol Cough Brops, 137
Mentholated Vaseline, 133
Mentholatum, 138
Mentholatum Company, 138
Mentoni Co., The, 155
Merck & Co., 15, 138
Merrell Soule Co., 58, 111, 227
Mexican Products Co., 229
Mexican Coflfee Tablets, 229
Middendorf & Eohrs, 68
Migliore, J., 280
Milcoco, 227
Milk, Condensed, Aurora, 55
Bear Brand, 240
Dry Milk Co's, 244
Gail Borden Eagle Brand,
56
Carnation Brand, 59
Hires, 57
Lapp & Co.'s Swiss, 241
Libby, McNeill & Libby's,
58
Sweet Clover Brand, 59
Swiss, 55
Evaporated, Borden's Peer-
less, 56
Danish Prize, 57
Milk, Evaporated, Our Pet
Brand, 57
St. Charles Brand, 66
Swiss, 56
Van Camp's, 60
Malted, A. D. S., 56
Borden's, 56
Horlick's, 58
Thompson's, 60
ofQcial standard, 62
substitute, Klim, 59
Sugar of, Patch's, 59
Mince Meat, Gold Medal, 110
Lady Betty, 260
None Such, 111
Mint Jelly, 282
Mints, U-AU-No, 37
Wadsworth's, 39
Minute Tapioca Co., Ill
Mohawk Condensed Milk Co.,
59
Valley Cider Co., 102
Molasses, 170, 171, 284, 285
and syrups, 165
MBller, Peter, 138
Monroe Cheese Co., 275
Monroe Co., 230
Monte Candy Shop, 237
Monte Fudge Chocolates, 237
Montserrat Lime-Fruit Juice,
23
Moras, Dr. E. E., 139
Morehouse Mills, 102, 148, 162
Morgan's, Enoch, Sons Co., 213
Morris & Co., 148, 278
Morton Salt Co., 255
Mounier, Ernest, 288
INDEX
Moxley, Wm. J., 275
Moxie Co., 24
Mueller, C. F. Co., 94
Muhlens & Kropff, 195, 214
Mum (Deodorant), 196
Mum Mfg. Co., 196
Murray, Joseph T., 196
Mushroom Sauce, 254
Hushrooms, canned, 66
Mustard, 98, 102, 105, 255
Musterole, 139
Company, Inc., 139
Nabisco, 32
Nadinola Skin Purifier, 288
Nail Cleanser, Supreme, 296
Napoleon Fharmacal Co., 206
National Biscuit Co., 31, 234
Candy Co., 38
Canners' Association, 43
Oats Co., 76
Onion Salt Co., 102, 255
Pure Food Co., 65
Starch Co., Ill
Toilet Co., 288, 301
Wafer Co., 237
White Cross League, 301,
307
Native Herbs, 132
Nesnah Desserts, 110
Nestle, Henri, 59
New England Confectionery
Co., 38
Laboratory Co., 307
Maple Syrup Co., 102, 171
New Skin, 140
Company, 140
Nikola Bathing Compound and
Weight Reducer, 140
Chemical Co., 140
North Maine Packing Co., 69
Northern Light Milling Co., 85
North western Consolidated,
Milling Co., 85
Nosco Celery Seasoning, 255
Garlic Seasoning, 256
Nugatines, Huyler's, 36
Lowney's, 37
Park & Tilford's, 38
Nujol, 273
Numsen, Wm. & Sons, 69
Nunnally (Atlanta, Ga.), 38
Nut Cracker Jack, 39
Nut Cream Butter, Carque's,
147
Nutmeg Flavor, 119
O. T. Limited, 24
Oakland Chemical Co., 140
Oatmeal, Hornby's, 75
Oats, Cracked, 246
Purity, 247
Quaker, 77
Scott's Porage, 247
Obelisk Graham Flour, 249
Sanitary Bran, 249
Obesity Remedy, 136
Odor-0-No, 196
Odorono Co., 196
Oelrich & Berry Co., 284
Oil Products Co., Inc., 272
Okra, canned, 67, 68
Oleomargarine, 145
Baby Brand, 147
INDEX
OleomaTgarine, Downey's De-
light, 274
Marigold, 148
Moxley'8 Gold Seal, 275
Moxley's Special, 275
Sweet Marie, 274
Swiffs Jersey Brand, 148
Swift's Premium Brand, 148
Olive Oil, Adulterants in, 154,
153
Grapes, 135
Olive Oils, 154, 155, 156, 280
Olives, California Ehman, 161
Carque's California, 127
Del Monte Brand, 281
Queen, 161
Spanish Queen, 281
Olney, Burt, Packing Co., 69,
103, 162
Olmsted, Allen S., 140
Ongoline, 197
Onion Extract, 116, 119
Salt, 99, 102
Sauce, Anderco, 254
Onions, Pickled, 281
Orangeade, 23
Extract, 116, 118, 119, 262,
263
Oregon Fruit Co., 232
Orona Mfg. Co., 305
Oriental Manicure Specialty
Co., 295
Oscar's Sauce, 98
Ovite, 111
Ovite Mfg. Co., Ill
Ox Tongue, Libby's, 278
Pabst Brewing Co., 232
Pabst Extract, 232
Pacific Coast Condensed Milk
Co., 59
Package Confectionery Co., 237
Packer Mfg. Co., 214, 305
Pakatin-Biscuit, 30
Palisade Manufacturing Co.,
103
Pamunkey Mills Old Virginia
Cornmeal, 85
Panama Banana Fruit Co., 16
Pancake Flour, Aunt Jemima's
Brand, 82
Franklin, 249
H. O. Buckwheat, 250
Uncle Jerry, 251
Teco Brand, 82
Paris Medicine Co., 135
Park & Tilford, 38, 171, 238
Parker's Hair Balsam, 189
Parmelee Mfg. Co., 260
Parmint, 270
Patch, The E. L. Co., 59
Pates de Foies Gras, 150
Peabody, Henry W., 125
Peach Flavor, 117, 119
Peaches, Del Monte Brand, 45
Cape Cod, 239
Evaporated, 127, 128
Hunt Brothers, 45
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 47
Richelieu, 239
Peanut Butters, 146
Beechnut Brand, 147
Heinz's, 148
Mrs. Morehouse's, -148
Nut-Let, 147
334
INDEX
Peanut Oil, Delft, 280
Pears, A. F., Ltd., 214
Del Monte Brand, 46
Evaporated, 128
Hunt Brothers, 46
Libby, McNeill & Libby's,
47
Silver Lake Brand, 47
Troubadour Brand, 46
Peas, canned, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70,
244, 245
Peck Bros. & Winch, 230
Peeonut Crisp, 238
Penick & Ford, 171, 285
Peninsular Chemical Co., 288,
297, 301, SOB, 308
Penslar Face Creams, 288
Pepper, 99, 100, 104
Pepper, Dr. Co., 24
Pepper Sauce, Tabasco, 100,
101
Peppermint Essence, 119, 121
Peppermint Lariot, 238
Peptonized Food, Thompson's,
60
Peredixo Cream, 177
Perfumes, 199, 200, 201, 297
Peter Cailler Kohler Swiss
Chocolates Co., 8, 38
Peterson, H. S. & Co., 190
Phillips, Charles H., Chemical
Co., 8
Phillips Packing Co., 69
Philo Hay Specialties Co., 190
Piccalilli, 281, 282
Pickles, 160, 161, 281, 282
Pickman, P. G. & Bros., 227
Pierce, S. S. Co., 25
Pike's Universal Toothache
Drops, 133
Pillsbury Flour Mills Co., 85,
252
Pin Money Pickles, 282
Pinaud, Ed., 190, 200
Pineapple, Del Monte Brand,
45
extract, 116, 117, 119
Hawaiian Sliced, Paradise
Island Brand, 46
Juice, 23
Libby, McNeill & Libby's, 47
Pineapple Juice, Clark's, 232
Dole's Pure Hawaiian, 23
Pineapple Marmalade, 160
Pistachio Flavor, 116, 117
Pistachios, 159
Pitkin, J. M. & Co., 120
Piver, L. T., 295, 297, 302
Pixoap Works, 306
Flezo Preparations, Inc., 183,
206
Plum Pudding, Alredie Brand,
257
Beale's English, 257
Heinz, 110
Old English, 259
Plimis, canned, 162
Del Monte Brand, 46
Egg, 239
Troubadour Brand, 46
Piatt, Henry B., 272
Piatt's Chlorides, 272
Plymouth Rock Gelatin Co.,
112
INDEX
Pompeian Company, 156
Mfg. Co., 183, 289
Massage Cream, 183
Pond, E. K. Packing Co., 151
Pond's Extract, 140
Pond's Extract Co., 140, 183,
308
Pork and Beans, canned, 67, 68,
70, 243, 245
Porto Kico Trading Co., Inc.,
16
Post Toasties, 76
Postum Cereal Co., 16, 76
Potter Drug & Chemical Co.,
141, 214
Potter & Wrightington, 16, 86
Poultry Seasoning, 98, 99
Powell's (New York), 38
Fozzoni, J. A. Pharmacal Co.,
206
Pozzoni's Gold Puff Box, 206
Pratt-Low Preserving Co.,
162
Pray, Dr. J. Parker, 183, 197,
207
Premium Fruit Flavors, 119
Preserves, 159, 160, 161, 162
adulterants in, 167
Pricte Baking Powder Co., 4
Price Flavoring Extract Co.,
12Q
Priscilla Parsons Perspiration
Preventative, 194
Pritohard, E., 103
Proctor & Gamble Co., 149, 214
Prophytol Antiseptic Solution,
272
Prophytol Products Co., 272,
308
Puddine, 258
Pudding, Plum, 110, 257, 259
Pudding, Ready Mixt, 257
Pumpkin, canned, 69
Pura Mfg. Co., 184, 207 -
Pure Gluten Food Co., 141
Pure Wheat Products, 83
Purina Mills, 85
Puritan Fruit Products Co., 25
Purity Oats Co., 247
Pyro Chemical Co., 222
l^odentor, 222
Quaker Oats Co., 77, 247
Puffed Rice, 77
Puffed Wheat, 77
Corn Puffs, 247
Quimby, W. S. Co., 16, 18
Quince Jam, 160
Rabb, Charles, 103
Kacarma, 289, 298
Rae, S. & Co., 156
Eaffeto, G. B., 260
Raisins, Berry Brand, 128
Blue Ribbon Brand, 128
Cresca, 128
Del Monte Brand, 127
Golden West Brand, 128
Ideal "Not-a-Seed," 127
Princess Brand, 129
Royal Scarlet, 129
White Rose California, 129
Ralston Purina Co., 77
Eamogen, 240
336
INDEX
Bandall Grape Juice Co., 232
Baspberries, Williamson Brand,
46
Baspberry Extract, 116, 117
Baw Food, Tyler's, 78
Beady Mixt Custard Pudding,
257
Icing and Filling, 257
Bemmers, 214
Bemmers, B. & Sons, 32
Besinol Soap Co, 215
Bex Wrinkle Pencil, 184
Eexall Tooth Powder, 223
Bheinstorm Brothers, 239
Bice, Apex Brand, 89
Carque's Natural Whole, 89
Comet Brand, 90
Great Valley Brown, 250
Hotel Astor, 89
Leggett's Natural Brown, 89
White Swan Granulated, 89
Bich, E. C, 112
Bichardson & Bobbins, 65, 151
Bicinol Grape, 135
Bidgeway House, 230
Bidgewood Orchard, 282
Eieger, the California Perfum-
er, 200
Bitter Conserve Co., 103
Bobertson Preserve Co., The
James, 162
Boessler & Hasslacher Chemi-
cal Co., 215
Eoger & Gallet, 200, 215
Boman Meal, 85
Meal Co., 85
Boot, A. I. Co.,' 285
Boaaline, 197
Eose Flavor, 118, 119, 120, 121
L. & Co., 25
Petal Wrinkle Cream Co.,
184
Boss, W. A. & Sons, Ltd., 25
Boyal Baking Powder, 4
Black Fruit Cake, 233
Limch, 32
Mfg. Co., 184
Olvules, 138
Specialty Co., 65
Tooth Powder, 219
Eueckheim Bros. & Eckstein,
39, 141
Eumford Chemical Works, 4
Busks, Holland, 29
Jireh Diatetic, 29
Bussell-Miller Co., 86
Bye Flour, 250
S. & S. Co., 279, 282
Sachets, Azurea, 295
Salad Dressings, adulterants
in, 96
Durkee's, 100
Howard's, 101
Mrs. Morehouse's Cream
Brand, 102
My Wife's, 100
Premier, 255
Yacht Club, 105
Salada Tea Co., 18
Saleratus, Slade's, 4'
Salmon, Clover Leaf, 265
Highwood Brand, 124
Bed Heart Brand, 124
INDEX
83T
Salmon, Koyal Scarlet, 125
Salt, Ivory Shaker, 105
Morton's Free Running, 255
Shaker Table, 100
Saltine Biscuits, 32
Sam Katz Company, 141
Oxygen Treatment for Ca-
tarrh, 141
San Tox Boro-Thymol, 269
Carbolized Witch Hazel
Salve, 269
Sands, Taylor & Wood Co., 86
Sandwich, cheese, 31
Sanitol Chemical Laboratory
Co., 223
Sardines, California, 123
Carnival, 264
Emery & Co.'s deviled, 124
Kormanna, 266
Salome Brand, 123
Skipper, 125
Yacht Club, 264
Sargol, 142
Sargol Company, 142
Sarsaparilla, Hywaco, 24
Tally-Ho, 25
Sartoin, 175
Sasso, P. & Figli, 273
Sasso's Emulsion, 273
Sasso's Medicinal Olive Oil, 273
Sauce, Anchovy, 254
China Soy, 254
Chutney, 254
Mushroom, 254
Walnut Catsup, 254
Worcestershire, 101, 254
Sauer, C. F. Co., 120, 262
Sauer Kraut, canned, 68
Sausage, Deerfoot Farm, 277
Forest Home Farm, 150
Frank & Sons, 150, 277
Grand View Farm Produce
Co.'s, 150
Hormel's, 278
Jones Dairy Farm, 151
Saute Products Corp., 275
Sawtay, 275
Saxo Salve, 271
Sehieffelin & Co., 65, 138
Schorn & Brower, 230
Schrafft's (New York), 39
Schuyler, A. C, 25
Scott, A. & R., 247
Scrapple, Forest Home Farm,
150
Liberty Brand, 279
Sea Beach Packing Works, 125
Seaboard Rice Milling Co., 77,
90
Seaman Brothers, 69, 77, 129
Seele-Thompson Co., 190
Sel Amaigrissant, 133
"Sempre Giovine," 182
Shac (Headache Cure), 143
Shampoo, A. D. 8. Liquid, 188
Canthrox, 190
Dorothy Vernon, 292
FoBO Foam, 291
Gille's Spun Gold, 189
Johnson's Palm-Olive, 190
Lavox, 190
Lee's Liquid, 290
Mulsified Cocoanut Oil, 293
Royal Olive Powder, 292
338
INDEX
Shampoo, Stern's Liquid, 292
Swedish Hair Powder, 192
Ward's Dandru-Cide, 192
Vioma, 293
Powders, adulterants in, 187
Shane Brothers & Wilson Co.,
86
Shaving Cream, San Tox, 286
Sheboygan Mineral Water Co.,
25
Sheffield Dentifrice Co., 223
Sherer-Gillett Co., 263
Shredded Wheat Co., 77
Shrimp, Davis's, 124
Shure-Whip, 261
Sills, John S. &, Sons, 70
Simon, J., 184
Skin Food, 180, 181
Skinner Mfg. Co., 253
Slade, D. L. & Co., 4, 104, 121
Smith, B. D., 261
Smith, J. Hungerford, Grape
Juice Co., 232
Smith, Kline & French, 59
Snaparoons, 234
Snider, T. A., Preserves -Co.,
105, 245
Soap, A. D. S. Improved Foot,
210
A. D. S. Kurakutic, 210
Carnation, 306
Cashmere Bouquet, 211
Colgate's Heliotrope, 211
Cuticura, 214
Fairy, 211
Forget-me-not, 306
Foso, 291
Soap, Glenn's Sulphur, 211
H. and H, Cleaner, 305
Hand Sapolio, 213
Hind's Honey and Almond
Cream, 212
Hudnut's Violet Sec, 213
Ivory, 214
Jap-Bose, 213
Jergen's Violet Glycerine,
212
Jersey Cream, 306
Johnson's Palm Olive, 212
Klein's Glycerin, 213
Lifebuoy Health, 213
Lilac Toilet, 306
Lilly's Liquid, 213
Olivilo, 215
Orona Lily Cream, 306
Packer's Liquid Tar, 305
Packer's Tar, 214
Pears, 214
Perfect Cold Cream, 304
Peroxide Zinc, 215
Pixoap Tar, 306
Remmer's Peroxide, 214
Kesinol, 215
Savon de Toilette Luxor, 211
Savon Sylvodora, 306
Savon Violette, 215
Sop-o-zon, 304
Suprema Violet, 306
Synol, 213
Vaseline, 304
White Rose Glycerin, 214
Williams', 306
Woodbury's Facial, 212
Zap, 211
INDEX
Soaps, cleansing power, 209
Soci€t€ Alsacienne D' Alimenta-
tion, 238
Soft drinks, impurities of, 19
Soups, Condensed, Eichardson
& Eobbin's, 65
Campbell's, 62, 242
Franco-American, 63
Heinz's, 242
Knorr's, 63
Libby, McNeill & Libby'a,
64
Puro Brands, 65
W. C. Beale Fish Co.'s, 242
Yours Truly, 63
Southern California Fish Co.,
125
Cotton Oil Co., 156
Mfg. Co., 225
Southwestern Milling Co., 87
Sozodont Tooth Paste, 220
Spaghetti, Faust Brand, 94
Fould's, 93
food qualities, 91
Heinz canned, 93
Mueller's, 94
Skinner Mfg. Co.'s, 253
• Uncle Sam, 253
Van Camp's canned, 94
Spencer Kellogg & Sons, 143
Spices, 98
Colburn's, 98, 99
Fischer & Co.'s, 100
Slade's, 104
Stickney & Poor's, 105
Spinach, canned, 66, 67, 68, 69,
70, 71
Sponge Lady Fingers, 32
Sprague, Warner &. Co., 16,
105, 239, 245
Squire, John P. & Co., 279
Stafford-Miller Co., 207
Standard Bottling & Extract
Co., 25
Standard Oil Co., 273
Stearns, Frederick & Co., 143
Steero Bouillon Cubes, 65
Stein, M., Cosmetic Co., 289
Stenzie, 197
Stenzie Mfg. Co., 197
Sterizol (Antiseptic), 143
Sterizol Sales Co., 143
Stern & Saalberg, 238
Sterns, Detroit, 289, 292, 296,
302, 306
Stewart, E. N. Co., 129
Stickney & Poor Spice Co., 105,
121
Stillman's Freckle Cream Co.,
185
StoUwerck Brothers, Inc., 9
Strawberries, Boyle's Victory
Brand, 45
Strawberry Extract, 116, 117,
120, 263
String Beans, canned, 66, 67,
69, 70
Strom^er, J, & Co., 172
Succotash, canned, 67, 69, 243
Suchard (Switzerland), 39
Sugar, cane and beet, 163
Crystal Domino, 169
invert, 164
Sugar of Milk, Patch's, 59
34-0
INDEX
Sulpho-Napthol, 143
Sulpho-Napthol Co., 143
SuBshine Biscuit, Wafers, etc.,
30, 31
Golden Flakes, 233
Supreme Nail Cleanser, 296
Sutol Eouge, 295
Swans Down Cracked Wheat,
84
Swedish Hair Powder, 191
"Sweetina," Hoyt's, 141
Swift & Co., 148, 152, 279
Syrup, Crystal Domino, 169
Park & Tilford's Amber, 171
Penn Mar Brand, 172
Velva Brand, 171
Syrups, adulterants in, 167
and molasses, 165
Tabasco Pepper Sauce, Gai-
dry's, 100
Mcllhenny's, 101
Takoma Biscuit, 31
Talcum Puff Co., 302
Tapioca, Instantaneous, 109
Minute, 111
New Process Hasty, 109
Taroena, 241
Taroena Food Co., 241
Tea, Ceylon Indian Blend, 230
Dalmoy Blend, 17
Golden Dome Orange Pekoe,
18
Hotel Astor, 17
House of Lords Ceylon, 17
Jimo Mate Paraguayan, 17
Lipton's, 18
Tea, London Blend Brand, 17
Magic Cup Soluble, 17
"My Own" Blend, 18
Kidgeway's, 230
Royal Garden, 228
Royal Stag, 18
Salada, 18
Sa-Sa-Ma Brand, 17
Standard HE-NO, 17
Tetley's, 18
White House Brand Orange
Pekoe, 17
Tebbetts & Garland Store,
230
Teco Brand Buckwheat and
other Flours, 83
Tetley, Joseph & Co., 18
Tetlow, Henry, 207
Theobromin in chocolate, 5
Three Millers Co., 261
Thompson's Hemo, 60
Food Peptonized, 60
Thompson's Malted Food Co.,
60
Malted Milk, 60
Tildesley & Co., 105
Tiz, 134
Toasterettes, Educator, 30
Toilet Powder, A. D. S., Ma-
jestic Lilac Talc, 203
Air Float, 302
Armour's, 203
Baby Talc, 299
Baby Bunting, 300
Carmen Complexion, 207
Cashmere Bouquet, 299
Casma Talcvun, 204
INDEX
341
Toilet Powder, Colgate's Violet
Talcum, 204
Corylopais, 299
Dactylis, 299
Debutante, 300
Dr. Fray's Hy-Gen-ia, 207
Eclat, 299
Elcaya Rice Powder, 204
Freeman's Medicated, 204
Geisha, 208
Gille's, 204
Heyer's Prickly Heat Pow-
der, 205
Hudnut's Violet Sec, 205
Hymettus Eose-Violet, 207
Ingram's Velveola, 300
Jap-Eose Talcum, 205
Kutch Sandalwood, 208,
303
La Blanche, 205
La Tosca Kose, 303
Lillian Russell's Purity,
300
Marinello, 206
Mennen's, 206
Nadine, 301
Napoleon Lilac Aseptic,
206
No-Talc, 299
Oriental Wistaria Talcum,
205
Penslar, 301
Plexo Evening White, 206
Poudre de Riz, 301
Poudre de Riz, Azurea, 302
Pozzoni's Gold Puff Box,
206
Toilet Powder, Prisoilla Par-
sons Face Powder, 203
Riveris Talcum, 205
Royal Violet, 203
San Toy Talcum, 208
San Tox, 300
Suprema, 302
Tetlow's Superb Gossamer,
207
Velveton Complexion Beau-
tifier, 301
Violatalc, 302
Violet, 301
Vogue Liquid Complexion,
208
Vogue Poudre de Riz, 208
White Complexion, 301
Williams Violet Talcum,
208
Wistaria Blossom Talc, 208
Toilet Water, 199, 200, 201,
297
To-Kalon Mfg. Co., Inc., 185,
191
Tokstad, R., 266, 276
Tomatoes, canned, 66, 67, 70,
243
Tongue, Red Cross Brand, 151
Tonic, "0. T.," 24
Tooth Paste, A. D. S. Peredixo,
219
Burrill's, 307
Colgate's Ribbon Dental
Cream, 220
Kolynos, 221
"Lavoris, 221
Luxor, 219
SiZ
INDEX
Tooth Paste, Oraline, 309
Pebeoo, 221
Fenslar^ :308
Pond's, 308
Prophytol Antiseptic, 308
Pyrodento, 223
San Xox, 307
Sanative, 307
Sanitol, 223
Scheffield'B, 223
Sozodont, 220
Powder, ' A. D. S. Peroxide,
219
Burrill's, 307
Calox, 222
Dentacnra, 220
Grave's Unequalled, 307
Lyon's Perfect, 221
misleading claims for, 216-
218
Penslar, 308
Prophytol, 309
Bexall, 223
Boyal, 219
Toothache Drops, Pike's Uni-
versal, 133
Tournade's Kitchen Bouquet,
103
Towle Maple Products Co., 172
Tropical Fruit Juice Co., 232
Troubadour Brand Canned
Fruits, 46
Tryphosa, 112
Tuna, Avalon Brand, 125
Blue Sea, 125
Tuna, Panama, Brand, 266
Twitchell-Champlin Co., 70
Tyler, Byron, 78
Uncle Sam Breakfast Food Co.,
78
Unele Sam Macaroni Co., 253
Health Food, 78
Underwood, W. M. Co., 152
Uneeda Biscuits, 32
United Berne Zurich Chocolat
Mfg. Co., 39
United Cereal Mills, Ltd., 78
Drug Co., 223, 293
Usoline Oil, 272
Vagt, R., 172
Van Buskirk's Sozodont Tooth
Paste, 220
Van Houten & Sons (Holland),
9
Van Camp Packing Co., 60, 70,
94
Vanheller, 262
Van-Ola, 183
Van-Thomas Co., 125
Vanilla Extract, 116, 117, 119,
120, 121, 26^, 263^
Vanillin, definitiouTof, 114
Vantine, A. Av & Co., 200, 208,
303
Vaseline, 132, 133, 268
Veal Loaf, Libby, McNeill &
Libby's, 151
Vegetable extract, Vegex, 62
Vegex Bouillon Cubes, 242
Vermont Maple Sugar Makers'
Market, 172
Vibert, F.. 191
Victoria Tea Co., 18
INDEX
343
Vienna Sugar Fingers, 31
Vieno Bran, 82
Vieno-Self-Eaising Bran Meal,
82
Vinegar, Crosse & Blackwell's,
100
Heinz's, 101
Marzahl's, 102
Mohawk Valley Cider Co.'s,
102
Pinard Brand, 99
Wayne County Produce Co.'s,
105
Vinegars, adulterants in, 97
Vinol, 271
Viona Co., 293
Vogt, F. G. & Sons, 279
Vogue Perfumery Co., 201, 208
Wadsworth Chocolate Co., 39
Wafers, Chocolate, 31
Educator, 30
Epic, 31
Ivins' Bonnie, 29
Ivins' Lunch-on-Thin, 29
Sunshine Dessert, 31
Sunshine Tan San, 31
Surprise, 237
Wintergreen Nawaco, 237
Vanilla, 32
Wakelee's Camelline, 180
Waldeyer & Betts, 192
Warden Company, 192
Ward's Dandru-Cide Shampoo,
191
Washburn-Crosby Co., 87, 252
Washington Crisps, 78
Watkins, R. L. Co., 293
Watson, Angus & Co., 125
Wayne County Produce Co.,
105
Waw-Waw Sauce Co., 105
Webster, Fred L., 70
Weight, net, of canned goods,
42
Welch Brothers Maple Co., 172
Grape Juice Co., 25
Wesson Snowdrift Oil, 156
West Disinfecting Co., 144
Wheat Bran, Sterilized, 251
Wheat, cracked, 84, 247
Wheat Pood, Ealston, 77
Wheat, Shredded, 77
Wheat-a-Laxa, 252
Wheatena Company, 78
White Cross Toilet Powder Co.,
296
White, John F., 70
White, S. S. Dental Mfg. Co.,
309
White Stokes Co., Inc., 261
Whitman, Stephen F. & Son,
Inc., 9, 40, 112
Wilbur, H. O. & Sons, 40
Wildroot Chemical Co., 192
Willamette Valley Prune
Ass'n, 129
Williams, J. B. Co., 208, 290,
298, 303, 306
Williams, K. C. & Co., 70, 126,
129
Wincarnis, 22
Windermere Ranch, 280
Wintergreen essence, 117, 120
INDEX
Woodbury's Facial Soap, 212
Woodcock Macaroni Co., 94
Wool Heal, 144
Woolheal Chemical Co., 144
Worcester Salt Co., 105
Worcestershire Sauce, Anderco,
254
Worcestershire Sauce, Eol-
brook's, 101
Lea & Perrins', 101
Wrinkle Eradicator, 194
Wrisley, Allen B. Co., 201, 208,
215
Wulfing, A. & Co., 131
Wyeth, John & Bro., 25
Yarmouth Bloaters, 265
Yeast, Corby Brothers', 3
Fleischmann's, 3
Zanol Flavoring Extracts, 262
Zinc Ointment, 268
Zu-Zu Ginger Snaps, 32
Zwieback, 234