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Wednesday, July 4, 2012

Scientists find new particle, probably the Higgs

Scientists at Europe's CERN research center have found a new subatomic particle that could be the Higgs boson, the basic building block of the universe.

"We have indeed
discovered a particle consistent with the Higgs boson," John Womersley,
head of a British public research body, told journalists and scientists
in London on Wednesday.

"These results mark
a significant breakthrough in our understanding of the fundamental laws
that govern the universe."

Joe Incandela, spokesman for one of the two teams hunting for the Higgs particle told an audience at CERN near Geneva: "This is a preliminary result, but we think it's very strong and very solid."

CERN's director general Rolph Heuer said: "As a layman, I would say I think we have it."
Addressing the scientists assembled in the CERN
auditorium, Heuer asked: "Would you agree?" They burst into applause.

Peter Higgs,
the 83-year-old British physicist who proposed the existence of the
Higgs boson in the 1960s, was at CERN to welcome the news. Clearly
overwhelmed, his eyes brimming, he told the symposium: "It is an
incredible thing that it has happened in my lifetime."

UNIVERSAL THEORY
The Higgs theory explains how particles clumped together to form stars, planets and life itself.
Without the Higgs particle, the particles that make up
the universe would have remained like a soup, the theory goes.
It is the last undiscovered piece of the Standard Model
that describes the fundamental make-up of the universe. The model is
for physicists what the theory of evolution is for biologists.
What scientists do not yet know from the latest
findings is whether the particle they have discovered is the Higgs boson
as described by the Standard Model. It could also be a variant of the
Higgs idea or an entirely new subatomic particle that could force a
rethink on the fundamental structure of matter.
The last two possibilities are, in scientific terms, the most exciting.
Packed audiences of particle physicists, journalists,
students and even politicians filled conference rooms in Geneva and
London to hear the announcement.
Despite the excitement, physicists cautioned that there was still much to learn.

"We still much we
don't know about particles - this is only the beginning of a new
journey. We have closed one chapter and opened another," Peter Knight of
Britain's Institute of Physics told Reuters.

Oliver Buchmueller,
a senior physicist on one of the research teams, told Reuters: "If I
were a betting man, I would bet that it is the Higgs.

"But we can't yet
say that definitely yet. It is very much a smoking duck that walks and
quacks like the Higgs. But we now have to open it up and look inside
before we can say that it is indeed the Higgs."

Higgs called it a
great achievement for the Large Hadron Collider, the 27-km (17-mile)
long particle accelerator built in a tunnel underneath the French-Swiss
border where experiments to search for the Higgs boson have taken place.

In a statement, he
added: "I never expected this to happen in my lifetime and shall be
asking my family to put some champagne in the fridge."

(Additional reporting by Robert Evans in Geneva; Editing by Janet Lawrence and Alastair Macdonald)