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Abstract

The invention discloses a water level-close aircraft maneuvering flight visual scene simulation method, and belongs to the field of computer simulation. The method comprises the following steps of: step one, establishing a three-dimensional scene model; step two, configuring a three-dimensional model and manufacturing a three-dimensional special efficacy; and step three, implementing the simulation process. According to the water level-close aircraft maneuvering flight visual scene simulation method disclosed by the invention, the water level-close aircraft maneuvering flight is subjected to visualization visual scene simulation, the defect that the traditional real object simulation has nonrepeatability and high risk is solved, and the water level-close aircraft maneuvering flight visual scene simulation method has the characteristics of high efficiency, repeatability and low cost; and real ocean geographic information is added in the three-dimensional scene model creation, thus the simulation environment is more real; and the flight posture of air route of individual aircraft can be displayed and deduced, viewing angles can be switched among a plurality of flight air routes of a plurality of aircrafts, and all-dimensional and multi-angle simulation viewing angles can be provided.

Description

[0001] 本发明属于计算机仿真领域，具体涉及一种可视化视景仿真技术，特别涉及一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法。 [0001] The present invention belongs to the field of computer simulation, particularly relates to a visual scene simulation technology, particularly to maneuver scene simulation method of the aircraft near the surface.

背景技术 Background technique

[0002] 航路规划技术是近水面飞行器机动飞行的关键技术之一，航路规划系统可为近水面飞行器规划出精确的飞行路径。 [0002] Route planning is one of the key technologies of the near-surface aircraft maneuvers, route planning system may be near the surface of the aircraft planning the exact flight path.通过对航路规划系统的规划结果进行仿真，验证航路规划结果的有效性和正确性具有非常重要的意义。 Has very important significance to the planning results by route planning system simulation, verification route planning correctness and validity of the results.而传统的近水面飞行器机动飞行仿真方法是实物仿真，实物仿真可以从宏观上全局把握近水面飞行器的性能和运动情况，但是该方法实施成本高、工艺复杂，不能对近水面飞行器机动飞行的性能进行细致的分析，这体现出传统的实物仿真具有不可重复性和高风险性的缺点。 The traditional maneuver simulation near the surface of the aircraft is physical simulation, physical simulation can grasp the overall situation of performance and movement near the surface of the aircraft from the macro, but the method of high cost, complex process, not the performance of maneuvers near the surface of the aircraft detailed analysis, which reflects the traditional physical simulation has the disadvantage of non-repeatability and high-risk.随着计算机视景仿真技术的飞速发展，应用视景仿真技术实现近水面飞行器航路规划结果的机动飞行仿真，不仅满足了对近水面飞行器机动飞行的性能进行深入、细致的分析，又可以降低仿真的成本。 With the rapid development of maneuvering flight simulation computer visual simulation technology, the application of visual simulation technology to achieve near-surface aircraft route planning results, not only to meet the near-surface analysis of the performance of the aircraft maneuvering in-depth, detailed, and can reduce simulation the cost of.

[0003] 视景仿真是一种基于可计算信息的沉浸式交互环境，具体地说，就是采用以计算机技术为核心的现代高科技生成逼真的视、听、触觉一体化的特定范围的虚拟环境，用户借助必要的设备以自然的方式与虚拟环境中的对象进行交互作用、相互影响，从而产生“沉浸”于等同真实环境的感受和体验。 [0003] visual simulation is based on immersive interactive environment computable information, specifically, is the use of computer technology as the core of modern high-tech generate realistic visual, auditory, tactile specific range of integrated virtual environment the user with the necessary equipment in a natural way with the virtual objects in the environment interact and influence each other, resulting in a "immersed" in the real world equivalent of feelings and experiences.

[0004] 可视化视景仿真技术自诞生以来，就在航空航天、航海、军事、核工业中发挥着不可替代的作用，并通过不同的仿真软件进行了视景仿真应用。 [0004] Since the visual scene simulation technology since its birth, plays an irreplaceable role in the aerospace, marine, military, nuclear industry, and the visual simulation applications through different simulation software.申请号为200810137411. X的《飞行器视景仿真系统》专利是运用Vega视景仿真软件进行仿真，Vega基于进程工作，每个进程都要开销内存单元，将内存空间作为进程的资源，执行效率低。 Application No. 200810137411. X "craft, visual simulation system" patent is the use of Vega scene simulation software simulation, Vega process-based work, each process must overhead memory unit, the memory space as a resource process, low efficiency .

发明内容 SUMMARY

[0005] 针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提出一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法，针对近水面飞行器机动飞行进行视景仿真，使用Visual Studio 2003. NET软件和VegaPrime视景仿真软件相结合的方法进行近水面飞行器机动飞行仿真，使其具有高效率、可重复性和低成本的特点，并且本发明提供了一种通过仿真手段使用户更直观的了解近水面飞行器机动飞行情况的方法，从而为验证航路规划系统规划结果的正确性提供了保证。 [0005] For the prior art problems, the present invention provides maneuvering flight visual simulation method of the water near the aircraft, a visual simulation for aircraft maneuvers near the surface, using Visual Studio 2003. NET visual simulation software and VegaPrime the method combination of software to maneuver the aircraft flight simulation near the surface, it has a high efficiency, repeatability, and low cost, and the present invention provides a method by means of simulation allows the user more intuitive understanding of the situation near the surface of the aircraft maneuvers the method, thus providing assurance to verify the correctness of the results of the planning route planning system.

[0009] (I)通过设计图纸和真实物体测量数据获得实体外观与几何形状等数据，通过实地拍摄照片及对材质图片库中的图片进行处理得到纹理数据，数据采集工作完成后，对采集到的真实海浪和岛屿图像数据进行初步的处理，去掉不正确和冗余的数据；进行数据转换和裁剪，把纹理图片转换为Creator软件支持的RGBA图片格式；然后将图像数据进行分类、整理和存储； [0009] (I) obtained solid appearance and geometry and other data through the design drawings and real objects measurement data obtained texture data field photographs and on the material gallery of images for processing, after data collection is completed, the collected real waves and islands preliminary processing of image data, remove incorrect and redundant data; data conversion and cropping, the texture image is converted to Creator software support RGBA image format; and then the image data classification, sorting and storage ;

[0010] (2)利用Creator软件建立海浪和岛ill与模型.fit文件,首先,在Creator环境中建立海浪和岛屿多边形，海浪和岛屿多边形按树状层次结构进行定义，同一层次的节点内容，输出时按从左至右进行图形绘制渲染，采用单元分割法将场景模型分割成较小的单元，最终显示出海浪和岛屿的基本结构；然后选择步骤（I)中采集到的真实海浪和岛屿图像作为纹理，通过定义纹理、控制过滤、说明坐标方式、给出几何坐标和纹理坐标构建最终海洋场景模型.fit文件； [0010] (2) the establishment of the waves and the island ill with model .fit file use Creator software, first of all, to establish an environment in Creator waves and polygon islands, waves and islands polygon defined by hierarchical tree structure, the same level of node content, by drawing from left to right graphics rendering output, the division method using the scene model unit is divided into smaller units, finally showing the basic structure of the waves and islands; select step (I) is collected and island real waves image as a texture defined by a texture, filtration control, coordinate described embodiment, the geometric coordinates and texture coordinates are given final construct .fit ocean scene model file;

[0011] (3)采用步骤（I)和步骤（2)相同的方法，完成建立船只和飞行器的三维实体模型.fit文件； [0011] (3) The step (I) and step (2) in the same manner, to complete the establishment of vessels and aircraft .fit solid model file;

[0012] (4)对三维场景模型进行结构调整，优化三维场景模型的视景仿真输出次序，提高视景画面的质量，采用分割法使当前岛屿模型中的实体被选择渲染； [0012] (4) three-dimensional structural model of the scene to adjust and optimize the three-dimensional visual scene model simulation output order to improve the visual quality of the picture, so that the current division method using the island is selected entity model rendered;

[0013] (5)提取电子海图中存储的真实数据信息，将所获取的海洋地理信息要素数据构建成一个海洋地理信息数据库，视景仿真程序调用海洋地理信息数据库，将海洋地理信息加载到三维场景模型； [0013] (5) to extract real data information stored in electronic charts, will build a marine geographic information features of the acquired data into a marine geographic information database, visual simulation program calls the marine geographic information database that will be loaded into the marine geographic information three-dimensional scene model;

[0017] (2)设置实体的运动效果。 [0017] (2) provided motion effects entity.为了生成真实感更强的环境，在不降低视景仿真系统的实时性前提下，构建相关的特殊效果模型，本发明采用粒子系统和静态图像纹理映射的方法进行特殊效果模型的实现。 In order to generate more realistic environment in real time without reducing visual simulation system, building the model associated special effects, the present invention is a system and method for using particle still image texture mapping is performed to achieve special effects model.

[0021] a、首先将Creator建立的场景模型加载到Vega Prime仿真软件中，然后在应用界面Lynx中完成ACF中定义窗口、通道、观察者、运动模型、场景、场景中的对象、场景运动体、环境及环境特效、光源等初始化的设定，然后配置实时仿真所需的环境，编译保存ACF文件，最后预览环境效果； [0021] a, the first scene model established Creator Vega Prime loaded into the simulation software, and ACF-completed objects defined in the window channel, the viewer, motion model scene, the scene of the application interface Lynx, the scene moving body , the environment and environmental effects, lighting and other initialization settings, and then configure the required real-time simulation environment, compiler ACF save the file, preview the final environmental effects;

[0027] 在Visual Studio 2003. NET平台上，搭建航路规划系统和视景仿真系统之间标准接口，将航路规划系统计算的飞行器航路信息输入到视景仿真系统中，视景仿真系统按照航路规划系统计算的飞行器航路信息进行飞行器机动飞行仿真，飞行器机动飞行仿真过程中，如果有多条航路轨迹，视景仿真系统会提示是否进行切换，观看到不同近水面飞行器的不同航路轨迹的飞行；仿真飞行结束后，视景仿真系统会将仿真结果信息反馈给航路规划系统。 [0027] In the Visual Studio 2003. NET platform, to build a standard interface between route planning system and visual simulation systems, aircraft will enter route information to the route planning system in the calculation of visual simulation systems, visual simulation system in accordance with the route plan the system calculates the route information of the aircraft to maneuver flight simulation aircraft, aircraft maneuver simulation process where there are multiple route tracks, visual simulation system will be prompted to switch, close to the water to watch the flight of different aircraft trajectories of different routes; simulation after the flight, visual simulation system simulation results will feedback to the route planning system.

[0028] 本发明的优点在于： [0028] The advantage of the present invention:

[0029] I、本发明提出一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法，将近水面飞行器机动飞行进行可视化视景仿真，解决了传统的实物仿真具有的不可重复性和高风险性的缺点，具有高效率、可重复性和低成本的特点。 [0029] I, the present invention provides a method of visual simulation maneuvers near the surface of the aircraft, the aircraft maneuvers nearly water visualization visual simulation, to solve the disadvantages of non-repeatability and high risk with a conventional physical simulation, with high efficiency, reproducibility and low cost.

[0030] 2、本发明提出一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法，在创建三维场景模型中加入了真实的海洋地理信息，使得仿真环境更加逼真。 [0030] 2, the invention proposes maneuvers visual simulation method for aircraft near the water, adding a real marine geographic information to create a three-dimensional model of the scene, making more realistic simulation environment.

[0031] 3、本发明提出一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法，可以显示和推演单个飞行器的航路的飞行态势，也可以在多个飞行器的多条飞行航路之间进行视角切换，提供全方位，多角度的仿真视角。 [0031] 3, the present invention provides a near-surface Maneuver Flight visual simulation method, and may be displayed to derive a single route, the flight situation of the aircraft, angle switching can be performed among the plurality of plurality of aircraft flight paths, providing all-round, multi-angle perspective simulation.

[0035] 下面结合附图对本发明进行详细说明。 DRAWINGS The invention is described in detail [0035] below in conjunction.

[0036] 本发明提出一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法，如图I所示，包括以下几个步骤： [0036] The present invention provides maneuvering flight visual simulation method of an aircraft near the surface, as shown in I below, comprising the following steps:

[0038] 建立三维场景模型主要包括海洋场景建模和三维实体建模。 [0038] dimensional ocean scene scene model includes modeling and solid modeling.海洋场景模型包含海浪态势模型和岛屿模型，是构建近水面飞行器视景仿平台的关键步骤之一。 Ocean scene model consists of islands and ocean wave model momentum model, it is one of the key steps to build near the surface of the aircraft visual simulation platform.本发明中通过数据的分析准备、原始模型生成、地形优化、纹理映射和调试优化处理等过程来完成三维场景模型的建立过程，具体建模过程包括以下几个步骤： The present invention is prepared by analyzing the data, the original model generation, optimization terrain, texture mapping and the like commissioning optimization process to complete the process of establishing the three-dimensional model of the scene, specifically the modeling process includes the following steps:

[0039] (I)通过设计图纸和真实物体测量数据获得实体外观与几何形状等数据。 [0039] (I) obtained solid appearance and geometry data such as design drawings and by measurements of the real object.通过实地拍摄照片及对常用材质图片库中的图片进行处理得到纹理数据。 Texture and processing data obtained through the field to take pictures of the materials used in the picture gallery.数据采集工作完成后，对采集到的真实海浪和岛屿图像数据进行初步的处理(在处理海浪和岛屿图片需将像素大小设为2的N次幂，以利于纹理的显示)，去掉不正确和冗余的数据；进行数据转换和裁剪，把纹理图片转换为Creator软件支持的RGBA图片格式；然后将图像数据进行分类、整理和存储。 After data collection is complete, the collected real waves and islands preliminary processing of image data (pixel size is set to be the power of N 2 in the processing of sea and islands picture, in order to facilitate the texture of the show), and remove incorrect redundant data; data conversion and cropping, the texture image is converted to Creator software support RGBA image format; and then the image data classification, sorting and storage.

[0040] (2)利用Creator软件建立海浪和岛ill与模型.fit文件。 [0040] (2) the establishment of the waves and the island ill with model .fit file use Creator software.首先,在Creator环境中建立海浪和岛屿多边形，海浪和岛屿多边形按树状层次结构进行定义，同一层次的节点内容，输出时按从左至右进行图形绘制渲染，采用单元分割法将场景模型分割成较小的单元，最终显示出海浪和岛屿的基本结构；然后选择（I)中采集到的真实海浪和岛屿图像作为纹理，通过定义纹理、控制过滤、说明坐标方式、给出几何坐标和纹理坐标构建最终海洋场景模型.fit文件。 Firstly, in a Creator polygonal island and sea environment, sea and island polygons defined in the hierarchical tree structure, the same level of the node content, output by the graphics rendering drawn from left to right, using the method of dividing unit dividing the scene model into smaller units, finally showing the basic structure of the waves and islands; select (I) is collected to the real image as a texture waves and islands, by defining the texture, the control filters, the coordinates described embodiment, given geometry and texture coordinates Construction of the final scene coordinate ocean model .fit file.

[0042] (4)对三维场景模型进行结构调整，能够优化三维场景模型的视景仿真输出次序，提高视景画面的质量。 [0042] (4) on the three-dimensional scene model adjustment structure, it is possible to optimize the three-dimensional visual scene model simulation output order to improve the visual quality of the picture.采用分割法可以使当前岛屿模型中的实体才被选择渲染，极大的减少系统处理模型的复杂度，有效提升系统的运行速度。 Using the division method can model this island was only select the rendering entity, the complexity of the model greatly reduce the processing system, effectively enhance the speed of the system.

[0043] (5)提取电子海图中存储的真实数据信息，将所获取的海洋地理信息要素数据构建成一个海洋地理信息数据库。 [0043] (5) to extract the real data stored in the electronic chart, the construct Oceanographic data acquired information elements into a marine geographic information database.视景仿真程序调用海洋地理信息数据库，将海洋地理信息加载到三维场景模型，使得仿真环境更加真实。 Visual simulation program calls the marine geographic information database that will be loaded into a three-dimensional scene of marine geographic information model, making more realistic simulation environment.

[0050] 粒子的数目通过控制在一帧中产生的粒子的平均数和它的方差确定，第&帧中新产生粒子数目Iip(A)定义为： [0050] By controlling the average number of particles of particles generated in a frame and its variance is determined, the number of newly generated frames & particles Iip (A) is defined as:

[0054] 假定初始位置反映火焰粒子的分布及初始状态，火焰粒子的分布及初始状态取决于该点燃烧的状态。 [0054] Flame reflecting assumed that the initial position and initial state distribution of the particles, and the distribution of the particles depends on the initial state of the flame of the combustion state point.假设燃烧的点在某一平面上的某个圆内呈均匀分布。 The combustion point is assumed a uniform distribution of a circle on a plane.假设该圆中心为Center= {cx, cy, cz} (cx, cy, cz为火焰粒子燃烧圆的中心坐标),燃烧半径为r,并假设燃烧面与xz面平行。 Assuming that the circle center Center = {cx, cy, cz} (cx, cy, cz particle combustion flame center coordinates of the circle), the combustion of radius r, and assuming a plane parallel to the xz plane burning.其方程为（x' -cx)2+(z' -cz)2 = r2。 Which equation is (x '-cx) 2+ (z' -cz) 2 = r2.

[0055] 则有此平面生成的新粒子的位置为： [0055] There is a new position of this plane generating particles is:

[0063] 火焰粒子的亮度是一个从I到0变化的实数。 [0063] The flame luminosity particles is a real number from 0 to I change.0表示最暗，I表示最亮。 0 represents the darkest, I represent the brightest.粒子的初始売度为I即最売。 Bai of initial particles is most bai i.e. I.

[0066] 火焰粒子的初始速度为具有方向和大小的矢量。 [0066] The initial particle velocity is a vector with a flame direction and magnitude.火焰粒子依附在飞行器上，所以可认为火焰粒子的初始速度等于飞行器飞行的初始速度。 Flame particles cling to the aircraft, it is considered that the initial velocity of the particle is equal to the initial flame speed of the aircraft flying.

[0067] e、计算粒子的生命期 [0067] e, the lifetime of the particle is calculated

[0068] 火焰粒子的生命期表明了其在屏幕上停留时间的长短，用帧数表示。 [0068] lifetime flame particles indicate the length of its stay on the screen time, expressed in number of frames.由于飞行器在飞行时一直有尾焰，所以火焰粒子的生命期一直从飞行器飞行开始持续到飞行器飞行结束。 Since the aircraft in flight has been plume, so the life of the flame particles have been sustained from beginning to end aircraft flying aircraft flight.

[0070] 飞行器尾焰和爆炸火焰特效的绘制过程主要是火焰特效的制作。 [0070] The aircraft tail flame effect fire and explosion drawing process is mainly made of flame effects.基于粒子系统的火焰粒子运动实现过程如图2所示。 As shown in FIG. 2 particle motion of the particles of the flame system implementation.火焰特效的绘制设定帧值模拟火焰特效存活总时间，所以根据火焰的生命期设定帧数上限值。 Fire effect drawing frame set value simulated flame effect overall survival time, the set upper limit number of frames according to the life of the flame.如果当前帧数小于帧数上限值时，绘制当前帧数的存活火焰粒子，原有的火焰粒子进行运动变换，将存活较长的火焰粒子部分消亡，同时将下一帧火焰粒子赋予相应的属性。 If the current frame is less than the upper limit number of frames, rendering the current frame number of viable particles in the flame, the flame of the original motion converting particles, the particles will survive longer flame die portions, while the next frame corresponding to impart flame particles Attributes.继续判断当前帧数是否小于帧数上限值，如果当前帧数小于上限值重复上述内容；否则结束。 Continues to determine the frame number is smaller than the upper limit number of frames, if the current repetition number is less than the above upper limit value; otherwise ended.

[0077] 雨的属性包括：粒子形状和大小，粒子的颜色和透明度。 [0077] Rain properties include: particle shape and size, and transparency of color of the particles.粒子的形状设为球体，所以粒子的大小根据球体的半径唯一确定。 Spherical shape of the particles is defined, so that the particle size is uniquely determined according to the radius of the sphere.粒子的颜色与模糊物体的整体外观颜色是一致的。 Fuzzy color and overall appearance of the object color is the same particle.但是，某些粒子的颜色有一些差别，这主要和粒子的透明度息息相关。 However, the color of certain particles have some differences, mainly transparency and particles are closely related.所以透明度的处理是雨特效的关键。 Therefore, transparency is the key to deal with the effects of the rain.雨模型的实现包括以下内容： Rain achieve model include the following:

[0078] a、透明度的简化处理 [0078] The simplified process a, transparency

[0079] 假如在视线方向上有n个透明度为t的粒子，其中第n号粒子为距离图像背景最近的粒子，第I号粒子为距离图像背景最远的粒子。 [0079] If there are n t transparency particles, wherein the n-th particle from the particle to the nearest image background, No. I particles from the particle in the image background furthest gaze direction.如果所有粒子的亮度都相等，并且采用线性透明模型，则可以得到： If the particles are all of equal brightness, transparency and the linear model can be obtained:

[0080] In = Ib+I (1-t) [0080] In = Ib + I (1-t)

[0081] In-! = In+I (1-t) [0081] In-! = In + I (1-t)

[0082] … [0082] ...

[0083] I1 = I2+I(1-t) [0083] I1 = I2 + I (1-t)

[0084] 其中，Ib为背景亮度，I为每个粒子的平均亮度，In, In^1,…，I1为粒子n，n-1,…，I加上透明效果后的亮度。 [0084] wherein, Ib background brightness, I is the average luminance of each particle, In, In ^ 1, ..., I1 particle n, n-1, ..., I together with the brightness of transparency.由上述公式可得： It can be obtained from the above equation:

[0085] I1 = Ib • tn+I (l-tn) [0085] I1 = Ib • tn + I (l-tn)

[0086] 上式表明，若把同一视线上的n个透明度为t的粒子看做一个整体，那么该粒子群整体的透明度为tn。 [0086] The above equations show transparency when the n-th line of sight on the same particle of t seen as a whole, the overall transparency of the particle group is tn.

[0087] b、其它属性和实现 [0087] b, and other properties to achieve

[0088] 模拟雨效果的粒子系统其它属性和实现，完全根据步骤（2)中火焰模型方法处理。 Other properties and implementation [0088] The effect of simulated rain particle system, completely according to the process of step model flame method (2).

[0089] ④海浪特效绘制 [0089] ④ wave effect drawing

[0090] 海浪特效是采用多幅不同的静态图像循环映射的方法，依次循环映射到海面上实现。 [0090] The method of multiple wave effect is different static images using mapping cycle, sequentially cyclically mapped onto the sea achieved.设置纹理映射时，利用Alpha融合技术，将海浪的每幅纹理图像中的Alpha值设置为不同的数值，启动融合功能，从而实现每幅图像间的渐变过度，使海浪效果比较逼真。 When texture mapping is provided by Alpha fusion technology, the set value of each piece of Alpha waves in the texture image to a different value, start of fusion, thereby to achieve gradual change over between each image, the effect is that the sea realistic.

[0094] a、首先将Creator建立的场景模型加载到Vega Prime仿真软件中，然后在应用界面Lynx中完成ACF中定义窗口、通道、观察者、运动模型、场景、场景中的对象、场景运动体、环境及环境特效、光源等初始化的设定，然后配置实时仿真所需的环境，编译保存ACF文件，最后预览环境效果。 [0094] a, the first scene model established Creator Vega Prime loaded into the simulation software, and ACF-completed objects defined in the window channel, the viewer, motion model scene, the scene of the application interface Lynx, the scene moving body , the environment and environmental effects, lighting and other initialization settings, and then configure the required real-time simulation environment, compiler ACF save the file, preview the final environmental effects.

[0097] 本发明提出的近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法实现视景仿真场景内多角度的漫游，能够通过键盘、鼠标触发事件进行人机交互漫游功能，可进行视角切换和实体信息查询响应。 [0097] aircraft maneuvers near the surface visual simulation method proposed by the present invention roaming within the multi-angle scene simulation scenarios can trigger events via the keyboard, mouse, human-computer interaction roaming function, and can angle switching entity information query response .当用户进行多条航路视角切换时，漫游引擎立即调度场景数据库生成新的实时视点画面，并在仿真场景中显示。 When the user performs a plurality of route-angle switching, roaming scenario engine immediately schedule database to generate a new real-view picture, and displayed in the simulation scenario.[0098] 本发明提出的近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法具备实体属性查询功能，实体属性查询流程如附图3所示，首先通过鼠标选择查询实体即目标物体，如果选中实体，视景仿真系统收到查询消息，调用查询函数查询海洋地理信息数据库，系统查询到海洋地理信息数据库中实体属性信息，将其相应的属性数据值传到仿真系统，并显示到仿真界面。 [0098] Near the surface of the aircraft maneuver scene simulation method proposed by the present invention includes a functional entity attribute query entity attribute query process as shown in Figure 3, by first querying entity i.e. the mouse to select the target object, if the entity is selected, visual simulation the system receives the query message, the query function calls from marine geographic information database, the geographic information system database query to the ocean in the attribute information of the entity, its corresponding attribute data value passed to the simulation system, and displayed on the simulation screen.然后判断是否还需要查询其他的实体，如需要，则返回，重新查询相应的实体，如无，则结束。 Then also you need to check to determine whether other entities, if necessary, return, re-check the appropriate entities, if not, then the end.

[0100] 在Visual Studio 2003 . NET平台上，搭建航路规划系统和视景仿真系统之间标准接口，将航路规划系统计算的飞行器航路信息输入到视景仿真系统中，视景仿真系统按照航路规划系统计算的飞行器航路信息进行飞行器机动飞行仿真。 [0100] In the Visual Studio 2003. NET platform, to build a standard interface between route planning system and visual simulation systems, aircraft will enter route information to the route planning system in the calculation of visual simulation systems, visual simulation system in accordance with the route plan the system calculates the route information of the aircraft are maneuvering aircraft flight simulation.飞行器机动飞行仿真过程中，如果有多条航路轨迹，视景仿真系统会提示你是否进行切换，可以观看到不同近水面飞行器的不同航路轨迹的飞行；仿真飞行结束后，视景仿真系统会将仿真结果信息反馈给航路规划系统，为决策者制定最终的规划策略提供依据。 Maneuver Flight simulation process where there are multiple route tracks, visual simulation system will prompt you to switch, you can watch the flight of different aircraft near the surface of different routes tracks; after the end of the flight simulation, visual simulation system will the simulation results information back to the route planning system, planning the development of the final strategy to provide the basis for decision-makers.

Claims (7)

Translated from Chinese

1. 一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法，其特征在于：包括以下几个步骤： 步骤一：三维场景模型的建立： 建立三维场景模型包括海洋场景建模和三维实体建模，海洋场景模型包含海浪态势模型和岛屿模型，三维场景模型的建立过程具体包含以下几个步骤： (1)通过设计图纸和真实物体测量数据获得实体外观与几何形状等数据，通过实地拍摄照片及对材质图片库中的图片进行处理得到纹理数据，数据采集工作完成后，对采集到的真实海浪和岛屿图像数据进行初步的处理，去掉不正确和冗余的数据，进行数据转换和裁剪，把纹理图片转换为Creator软件支持的RGBA图片格式；然后将图像数据进行分类、整理和存储； (2)利用Creator软件建立海浪和岛ill与模型.fit文件,首先,在Creator环境中建立海浪和岛屿多边形，海浪和岛屿多边形按树状层次结构进行定义 A method of visual simulation maneuvers near the surface of the aircraft, characterized by: comprising the following steps: Step 1: Create three-dimensional scene model: scene model comprising a dimensional ocean scene modeling and three-dimensional solid modeling, ocean scene wave model contains model situation and island model, the process of establishing three-dimensional model of a specific scene includes the following steps: (1) obtain a solid appearance and geometry data such as design drawings and real objects through measurement data through the field to take pictures and picture material library pictures obtained by processing the texture data, the data after the work is completed, the collected real waves and islands preliminary processing of image data, remove incorrect and redundant data, data conversion and cropping, converting the texture image as Creator software support RGBA image format; and then the image data classification, sorting and storage; (2) the establishment of the waves and the island ill with model .fit file use Creator software, first of all, establish the waves and island polygons Creator environment, waves and island polygon defined by hierarchical tree structure同一层次的节点内容，输出时按从左至右进行图形绘制渲染，采用单元分割法将场景模型分割成较小的单元，最终显示出海浪和岛屿的基本结构；然后选择步骤（I)中采集到的真实海浪和岛屿图像作为纹理，通过定义纹理、控制过滤、说明坐标方式、给出几何坐标和纹理坐标构建最终海洋场景模型.fit文件； (3)采用步骤（I)和步骤（2)相同的方法，完成建立船只和飞行器的三维实体模型.fit文件； (4)对三维场景模型进行结构调整，优化三维场景模型的视景仿真输出次序，提高视景画面的质量，采用分割法使当前岛屿模型中的实体被选择渲染； (5)提取电子海图中存储的真实数据信息，将所获取的海洋地理信息要素数据构建成一个海洋地理信息数据库，视景仿真程序调用海洋地理信息数据库，将海洋地理信息加载到三维场景模型； (6)通过以上步骤得到三 The same level of the node content, output by the graphics rendering drawn from left to right, using the method of dividing the scene model unit is divided into smaller units, finally showing the basic structure of the waves and islands; select step (I) collected waves and to the real image as a texture islands, by defining the texture, the control filters, the coordinates described embodiment, the geometric coordinates and texture coordinates are given final construct .fit ocean scene model file; (3) the procedure and step (I) (2) in the same manner, to complete the establishment of vessels and aircraft .fit solid model file; (4) the three-dimensional structural model of the scene to adjust and optimize the three-dimensional visual scene model simulation output order to improve the visual quality of the picture, that the division method using the current model of the island entity is selected rendered; (5) to extract real data information stored in electronic charts, will build a marine geographic information features of the acquired data into a marine geographic information database, visual simulation program calls the marine geographic information database It will be loaded into the three-dimensional geographical information ocean scene model; (6) obtained by the above three steps维场景模型、三维实体模型和海洋地理信息数据库，最终得到三维视景数据库； 步骤二：三维模型配置和三维特效制作(1)使用LynX Prime图形界面设计软件进行三维场景模型配置,通过LynX Prime图形界面设计软件对三维场景模型进行初始化设置；设置模型初始化的关键是岛屿模型在海洋场景模型中的定位，通过电子海图中岛屿真实的经纬度设置岛屿模型在海洋场景模型中的定位; (2)设置实体的运动效果，构建相关的特效模型，采用粒子系统和静态图像纹理映射的方法进行特效模型的实现； 步骤三：仿真过程实现(I)仿真实现流程采用Visual Studio 2003. NET和Vega Prime仿真软件相结合的方法实现视景仿真过程，视景仿真实现过程是结合Creator与Vega Prime仿真软件,建立系统实时处理过程，将步骤一生成的场景模型.fit文件加载到仿真软件Vega Prime中,将场景模型.fit文件成 Dimensional scene model, three-dimensional solid model and marine geographic information database, the finally obtained three-dimensional visual database; Step two: three-dimensional model configuration and a three-dimensional special effects (1) using LynX Prime graphical design software for three-dimensional scene model configuration, by LynX Prime Graphics interface design software for three-dimensional scene model initialization settings; set the model initialization key is to locate the island model ocean scene model, a positioning islands model ocean scene model by electronic chart in real latitude and longitude islands; (2) set entities exercise effect, build-related effects model, the method and system of the particle still image is implemented texture mapping effects model; step three: the simulation process implemented (I) simulation process using Visual Studio 2003. NET simulation and Vega Prime the method combination of software implemented process visual simulation, visual simulation process is implemented in conjunction with Vega Prime Creator software simulation, the establishment of real-time processes, the loading step of generating a scene model file into the simulation software .fit Vega Prime, the .fit files into the scene model视景仿真实时应用的一部分，具体流程为： a、首先将Creator建立的场景模型加载到Vega Prime仿真软件中，然后在应用界面Lynx中完成ACF中定义窗口、通道、观察者、运动模型、场景、场景中的对象、场景运动体、环境及环境特效、光源初始化的设定，然后配置实时仿真所需的环境，编译保存ACF文件，最后预览环境效果； b、编写仿真程序,在Visual Studio 2003. NET中调用Vega Prime的API函数初始化系统和模块类，调用帧循环函数绘制场景循环，从而实现可视化实时仿真应用程序； (2)视景漫游和实体属性查询的实现实现视景仿真场景内多角度的漫游，通过键盘、鼠标触发事件进行人机交互漫游功能，进行视角切换和实体信息查询响应，当用户进行多条航路视角切换时，漫游引擎立即调度场景数据库生成新的实时视点画面，并在仿真场景中显示； 实体属性查询流 Visual simulation part of real-time applications, the specific process is: a, first scene can be loaded into the model established by Vega Prime Creator simulation software, and then complete the ACF is defined in the window channel, the viewer, motion model in the application interface Lynx, the scene , objects in the scene, the scene moving body, the environment and environmental effects, light source initialization settings, and then configure the required real-time simulation environment, compiler ACF save the file, preview the final environmental effects; b, write the simulation program in Visual Studio 2003 call of Vega Prime NET the API function initializes the system and module-based, call frame cycle plotted as a function of sequencing, enabling visual real-time simulation applications; (2) visual roaming and implementing entity attribute query to achieve the visual simulation scenario plurality roaming angle by keyboard, mouse events triggering human-computer interaction roaming, switching and angle of view entity information query response, when the user makes a number of routes angle switching, roaming database engine immediately dispatch scenarios generate new real-time view picture, and displayed in the simulation scenario; entity attribute query stream为：首先通过鼠标选择查询实体，如果选中实体，视景仿真系统收到查询消息，调用查询函数查询海洋地理信息数据库，系统查询到海洋地理信息数据库中实体属性信息，将其相应的属性数据值传到仿真系统，并显示到仿真界面，然后判断是否还需要查询其他的实体，如需要，则返回，重新查询相应的实体，如无，则结束； (3)视景仿真系统与航路规划系统的协调工作过程在Visual Studio 2003. NET平台上，搭建航路规划系统和视景仿真系统之间标准接口，将航路规划系统计算的飞行器航路信息输入到视景仿真系统中，视景仿真系统按照航路规划系统计算的飞行器航路信息进行飞行器机动飞行仿真，飞行器机动飞行仿真过程中，如果有多条航路轨迹，视景仿真系统会提示是否进行切换，观看到不同近水面飞行器的不同航路轨迹的飞行；仿真飞行结束后，视 : First by mouse selection query entity, if the entity is selected, visual simulation system receives a query message, call the query function queries marine geographic information database, geographic information system queries the database to the ocean entity attribute information corresponding to the value of attribute data spread simulation system, and displayed on the simulation screen, and then determines whether other entities need, further, if necessary, returns to re-query the corresponding entity, if not, then end; (3) scene simulation system and route planning system the coordination process on Visual Studio 2003. NET platform, to build a standard interface between route planning system and visual simulation systems, aircraft will enter route information to the route planning system in the calculation of visual simulation systems, visual simulation system in accordance with the route information route planning system to calculate the aircraft's maneuver flight simulation aircraft, aircraft maneuver simulation process where there are multiple route tracks, visual simulation system will be prompted to switch, close to the water to watch the flight of different aircraft trajectories of different routes; after the simulation flight, depending on the景仿真系统会将仿真结果信息反馈给航路规划系统。 Simulation System simulation result information will be fed back to the route planning system.

3.根据权利要求2所述的一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法，其特征在于：飞行器尾焰特效模型、爆炸火焰模型和气象中的雨特效模型均采用粒子系统进行实现；海浪特效模型采用多幅不同的静态图像循环映射的方法依次映射到海面上实现。 A near-surface according to claim 2 of the aircraft maneuver visual simulation method, comprising: an aircraft tail flame effects model, the effects of rain and explosion flame model meteorological model particle system are used to achieve; wave effects model uses multiple different cycles still image mapping method sequentially mapped to the sea achieved.

4.根据权利要求3所述的一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法，其特征在于：采用粒子系统实现飞行器尾焰特效模型和爆炸火焰模型的具体包括以下步骤： a、控制粒子数量粒子的数目通过控制在一帧中产生的粒子的平均数和它的方差确定，第fi帧中新产生粒子数目np (f D为： np (fi) = mp (fi) +rand () X vp 况) 其中Hip(A)和vp(fi)分别是&帧新产生粒子的数目的均值和方差；randO是在[-1，I]上均匀分布的随机函数； b、设置初始位置初始位置反映火焰粒子的分布及初始状态，火焰粒子的分布及初始状态取决于该点燃烧的状态，燃烧的点在某一平面上的某个圆内呈均匀分布，该圆中心为Center= {cx, cy, cz},其中ex, cy, cz为火焰粒子燃烧圆的中心坐标,燃烧半径为r,燃烧面与xz面平行，方程为（x' -cx)2+(z' -cz)2 = r2，则有此平面生成的新粒子的位置为： X，= CXy，= cy+rand() Xr zJ = A near-surface according to claim 3, wherein said aircraft maneuver visual simulation method, comprising: using particle system model of the aircraft tail flame and explosion effects particularly flame model comprises the steps of: a, control the number of particles of particles by controlling the average number of particles generated in a determined and its variance, of fi frames newly generated number of particles np (f D is: np (fi) = mp (fi) + rand () X vp conditions ) wherein Hip (a) and vp (fi) are newly generated frame number & particles of mean and variance; is the Rando random function on [-1, I] uniformly distributed; b, arranged to reflect the initial position of the initial position of the flame and the initial distribution state of the particles, and the initial distribution of the particles depends on the state of point flame combustion state, the combustion of a uniform distribution of a point on a plane of the circle, the circle center Center = {cx, cy, cz}, where ex, cy, cz center coordinates of a circle of flame burning particles, combustion parallel to the radius r, the combustion surface to the xz plane, equation (x '-cx) 2+ (z' -cz) 2 = r2, there is a new position of this plane generating particles is: X, = CXy, = cy + rand () Xr zJ =cz+rand() Xr x'，y'，z'为火焰新粒子的坐标； C、设置初始颜色和亮度火焰粒子的颜色采用RGBA模型，R、G、B分别表示颜色中的红、绿、蓝三个颜色分量，A表示粒子的透明度，用于表现当火焰粒子燃尽时，颜色渐渐隐去，最终形成与背景相融的效果，设基本色为colorO = {rO, gO, bO}，rO、gO、bO为红、绿、蓝三个颜色分量的初始值，初始颜色的变化范围Ac为Ac = {Ar，Ag，Ab}，Ar、Ag、Ab为红、绿、蓝三个颜色分量的变化范围，则粒子的初始颜色color(i)为：color (i) = colorO+rand () XAc 火焰粒子的亮度为一个从I到0变化的实数，0表示最暗，I表示最亮，粒子的初始亮度为I ; i为当前火焰粒子相对初始火焰粒子最亮粒子的距离； d、设置初始速度火焰粒子的初始速度为具有方向和大小的矢量，火焰粒子依附在飞行器上，火焰粒子的初始速度等于飞行器飞行的初始速度； e、计算 cz + rand () Xr x ', y', z 'coordinates flame new particles; C, set the color original color and brightness flame particles using RGBA model, R, G, B represent colors red, green, blue three color components, a represents the transparency of the particles for particle performance when the flame burn, the color gradually faded, and finally forms the background blending effects, color is provided substantially colorO = {rO, gO, bO}, rO, gO, bO red, green, and blue color components of the initial value, the initial color change in the range of Ac Ac = {Ar, Ag, Ab}, Ar, Ag, Ab red, green, and blue color range components, then the initial color color (i) particles is: luminance XAc flame particles color (i) = colorO + rand () is a from I to 0 changing a real number, 0 indicates the darkest, I represents the brightest , initial brightness particles is I; i flame particles relative to the initial flame particles brightest particles from this; D, set the initial velocity initial velocity flame particles having a vector direction and magnitude of the flame particles attached on an aircraft, the flame particles the initial velocity equal to the initial velocity of the aircraft flight; e, calculated子的生命期火焰粒子的生命期表明了其在屏幕上停留时间的长短，用帧数表示，飞行器在飞行时一直有尾焰，火焰粒子的生命期一直从飞行器飞行开始持续到飞行器飞行结束。 Lifetime lifetime flame particles showed that their child remains on the screen length of time, expressed in number of frames, aircraft in flight has been plume, particle lifetime flame has been continued from the beginning to the end of the aircraft flying aircraft flight.

5.根据权利要求3所述的一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法，其特征在于：所述的飞行器尾焰和爆炸火焰特效的实现方法为： 设定帧数模拟火焰特效存活总时间，根据火焰的生命期设定帧数上限值，如果当前帧数小于帧数上限值时，绘制当前帧数的存活火焰粒子，原有的火焰粒子进行运动变换，将存活较长的火焰粒子部分消亡，同时将下一帧火焰粒子赋予相应的属性，继续判断当前帧数是否小于帧数上限值，如果当前帧数小于上限值重复上述内容；否则结束； 运动变换方程： X，= x+vx X ty, = y+vy X tz = z+vzX t X, y, Z为火焰新粒子前一巾贞坐标,X'，y'，Z'为火焰新粒子变换后坐标,vx, vy, vz为火焰粒子速度，t为一帧时间。 A near the surface of the motor vehicle according to claim 3 fly visual simulation method, comprising: an aircraft tail flame effect fire and explosion of the implemented method: setting frames simulated flame effect total survival time the life of the flame set upper limit number of frames, if the current frame number is less than the upper limit value, the current number of frames drawn survival flame particles, the original particle motion converting the flame, the flame will survive longer particle portion die while the next frame corresponding property imparting flame particles, continue to determine whether the current frame is less than the upper limit of the frame, if the current repetition number is less than the above upper limit value; otherwise, ending; motion conversion equations: X, = x + vx X ty, = y + vy X tz = z + vzX t X, y, Z is before a towel Chen coordinate flame new particles, X ', y', Z 'of the flame new particles transformed coordinates, vx , vy, vz flame particle velocity, t is a time.

6.根据权利要求3所述的一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法，其特征在于：所述气象中的的雨特效模型的实现包括以下步骤： 雨的属性包括粒子形状和大小、粒子的颜色和透明度，粒子的形状为球体，粒子的大小根据球体的半径确定，粒子的颜色与模糊物体的整体外观颜色一致a、透明度的简化处理在视线方向上有n个透明度为t的粒子，其中第n号粒子为距离图像背景最近的粒子，第I号粒子为距离图像背景最远的粒子，如果所有粒子的亮度均相等，并且采用线性透明模型，则可以得到：In = Ib+I (1-t) In-I = In+I (1-t) I1 = I2+I (1-t) 其中，Ib为背景亮度，I为每个粒子的平均亮度，In, In-!,…，I1为粒子n，nl，…，I加上透明效果后的亮度，由上述公式可得： I1 = Ib • tn+I (1-t") 若把同一视线上的n个透明度为t的粒子看做一个整体，那么该粒子群整体的透明度为tn A near the surface of the motor vehicle according to claim 3 fly visual simulation method, wherein: the rain effect achieved meteorological model comprises the steps of: rain properties include particle size and shape, the particles the color and transparency, shape of the particles according to the radius of the sphere is determined as a sphere, the particle size, the overall appearance of the color of the color particles and Fuzzy object matches a, simplified transparency treatment with n transparency t particles in the visual line direction, wherein the n-th particle from the image of the background is the nearest particles, the particles are particles No. I furthest from the background image, if the brightness of all of the particles are equal, and the linear model is transparent, can be obtained: in = Ib + I ( 1-t) in-I = in + I (1-t) I1 = I2 + I (1-t) wherein, Ib background brightness, I is the average luminance of each particle, in, in - !, ..., I1 particle n, nl, ..., I together with the brightness of transparency, can be obtained from the above equation: I1 = Ib • tn + I (1-t ") if the number n of sight on the same transparency particle is t seen as a whole, then the overall transparency of the PSO is tn; b、其它属性和实现模拟雨效果的粒子系统其它属性和实现，与火焰模型实现方法均相同。 ; B achieved and other attributes, and other attributes analog rain effect particle systems, and methods are the same flame model implementation.

7.根据权利要求I所述的一种近水面飞行器机动飞行视景仿真方法，其特征在于：所述的海浪特效的实现方法为：海浪特效是由多幅静态不同的图像循环映射到海面上实现，设置纹理映射时，利用Alpha融合技术，将海浪的每幅纹理图像中的Alpha值设置为不同的Alpha值，启动融合功能，从而实现每幅图像间的渐变过度，使海浪效果逼真。 Maneuver scene simulation method of an aircraft near the surface of the according to claim I, characterized in that: said method implemented wave effects: effects of the waves is a static mapping multiple different images recycled to the sea achieved when texture mapping is provided by Alpha fusion technique, the value of each piece of the texture image Alpha waves is set to Alpha different values, start of fusion, thereby to achieve gradual change over between each image, so that the waves realistic effect.