BACKGROUND: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate clinical periodontal findings as well as prevalence of selected potentially periodontal pathogenic bacteria in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with different immunosuppressive rheumatic medications. METHODS: 168 patients with RA undergoing different immunosuppressive medications were included and divided into subgroups according to their medication, which was taken in the past six months, in detail I) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and glucocorticoids combined, and II-VII) different disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs): II) Methotrexate (MTX), III) Leflunomide, IV) MTX and TNF-α antagonists combined, V) Interleukin-6 (IL-6) antagonist, VI) MTX and Rituximab combined, and VII) combination therapies of more than two of these DMARDs...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and clinical outcomes following nonsurgical treatment by either scaling and root planing, combination of Nd:YAG and Er:YAG lasers, or by Er:YAG laser treatment alone. The study involved 60 patients with generalized chronic periodontitis, randomly assigned into one of three treatment groups of 20 patients. The first group received scaling and root planing by hand instruments (SRP group), the second group received Er:YAG laser treatment alone (Er group), and the third group received combined treatment with Nd:YAG and Er:YAG lasers (NdErNd group)...

Capnocytophaga canimorsus infection was recently recognized as a zoonosis. We report the first case of fulminant septic shock in Italy caused by this pathogen. The patient, with a history of splenectomy, died at the main hospital in Brescia with a presumptive diagnosis of sepsis. PCR and sequencing on post mortem samples confirmed C. canimorsus as a causative organism. Our purpose is to alert medical professionals to the virulence of C. canimorsus in asplenic and immunocompromised patients.

INTRODUCTION: Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a Gram-negative bacterium present in normal dogs and cats mouths. It can be responsible for septic shocks after dog or cat bite, especially in asplenic patients. CASE REPORT: We report here a case of C. canimorsus infection rapidly presenting as a multiple organ dysfonction syndrome in an immunocompetent 54 years old patient, who lives near a dog, without any sign of bite. The evolution was a rapidly fatal fulminant septic shock...

Lung abscess following flexible bronchoscopy is a rare and sometimes fatal iatrogenic complication. Here, we report the first case of a lung abscess caused by multidrug-resistant Capnocytophaga sputigena following bronchoscopy. A 67-year-old man underwent bronchoscopy to evaluate a lung mass. Seven days after transbronchial lung biopsy, he presented with an abscess formation in a lung mass. Empirical antibiotic therapy, including with garenoxacin, ampicillin/sulbactam, clindamycin and cefepime, was ineffective...

We describe a rare case of prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by the canine bacterium Capnocytophaga canimorsus in a male aged 73 years. The diagnosis of infective endocarditis was unequivocal, as it blood cultures were positive for C. canimorsus and vegetations were detected on transesophageal echocardiography; the modified Duke criteria were fulfilled. PET-CT showed intense 18 F-FDG uptake of the prosthetic valve area. The patient was treated with antibiotics alone (no surgery), and is now on life-long suppressive antibiotic therapy...

The morbidity and mortality resulting from acute gastroenteritis and associated chronic sequelae represent a substantial burden on health care systems worldwide. Few studies have investigated changes in the gut microbiome following an episode of acute gastroenteritis. Using non-directed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, the faecal microbiota of 475 patients with acute gastroenteritis was examined. Patient age was correlated to the overall microbial composition, with a decrease in Faecalibacterium observed in older patients...

BACKGROUND: Aim of this study was to investigate the association of the time under immunosuppression and different immunosuppressive medication on periodontal parameters and selected periodontal pathogenic bacteria of immunosuppressed patients after solid organ transplantation (SOT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 169 Patients after SOT (lung, liver or kidney) were included and divided into subgroups according their time under (0-1, 1-3, 3-6, 6-10 and >10 years) and form of immunosuppression (Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine, Mycophenolate, Glucocorticoids, Sirolimus and monotherapy vs...

Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a Gram-negative bacilli that is part of the normal oral flora of dogs and some cats; it is well known to cause septicemia and endocarditis after their bite. This is the first reported case of infective endocarditis affecting both native mitral and aortic valves after a lion bite in a patient with heavy ethanol consumption, who ultimately died after valve replacements.

Background: The interactions between the gut microbiome and obesity have been extensively studied. Although the oral cavity is the gateway to the gut, and is extensively colonized with microbes, little is known about the oral microbiome in people with obesity. In the present study, we investigated the salivary microbiome in obese and normal weight healthy participants using metagenomic analysis. The subjects were categorized into two groups, obesity and normal weight, based on their BMIs...

OBJECTIVE: Chemotherapy is a type of systemic treatment that inhibits neoplastic cells (cancer cells), produces immunosuppression, and may lead to changes in the oral mucosa and, consequently, in the oral microbiota. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze, in the scientific literature, evidence of the impact of chemotherapy on the oral microbiota. STUDY DESIGN: The authors conducted a search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), LILACS, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library; to identify studies that discussed change in the oral microbiota of patients with during chemotherapy...

BACKGROUND: Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a bacterium of the normal oral flora of dogs and cats. Human infection is caused by animal bite but is rarely observed, mainly in immunocompromised patients. We present 2 cases of C. canimorsus infection that occurred in immunocompetent patients and caused multiorgan failure and in both cases severe neurologic involvement. CASE REPORT: In the first case, we present a 69-year-old immunocompetent woman with septic shock derived from skin and soft tissue infection after a dog's bite...

BACKGROUND: This study compared the composition of subgingival microbiota between obese and non-obese women with or without periodontal disease. METHODS: Full-mouth periodontal clinical assessments were carried out in 76 obese women (17 periodontally healthy and 59 with periodontal disease), and 34 non-obese women (12 periodontally healthy, 22 with periodontal disease). Subgingival biofilm samples were individually obtained from seven sites of each individual, and the prevalence and counts of 40 bacterial taxa were determined by the checkerboard method...

Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a commensal organism commonly found in the oral cavity of cats and dogs. Infections with this organism are rare and can affect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. The authors present a case of C canimorsus causing indolent prosthetic hip joint infection in a healthy 66-year-old woman following a history of being scratched by her pet dog. The patient had an atypical history of chronic, low-grade infection which is unusual, as this organism is more frequently associated with acute presentations and fulminant sepsis...

Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a Gram-negative bacterium present in the oral cavities of cats and dogs. It is known for its capability to cause life-threatening sepsis following a dog bite, especially in immunocompromised patients. We report the case of a 67-year-old man who suffered from septic shock and multiorgan failure presumably following contamination of a pre-existing minor skin lesion by canine saliva. The purpose of this report is to raise awareness of Capnocytophaga canimorsus among physicians when faced with a patient presenting with fulminant septic shock and Gram-negative bacteremia, who has been exposed to dogs...

Case: A 61-year-old man with an unremarkable medical history was admitted with fever 7 days after being bitten by his dog. On day 3, he showed altered mental status, and laboratory data showed progressive hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, hyperbilirubinemia, renal dysfunction, coagulopathy, and schistocytosis. Severe sepsis complicated with thrombotic microangiopathy caused by Capnocytophaga canimorsus was suspected. Outcome: Plasma exchange was applied to treat the thrombotic microangiopathy and resulted in platelet count increase and improved renal function, hyperbilirubinemia, and schistocytosis...

Sepsis caused by a Capnocytophaga canis infection has only been rarely reported. A 67-year-old female with a past medical history of splenectomy was admitted to our hospital with fever and general malaise. She had been bitten by a cat. She showed disseminated intravascular coagulation and multi-organ failure because of severe sepsis. On blood culture, characteristic gram-negative fusiform rods were detected; therefore, a Capnocytophaga species infection was suspected. A nucleotide sequence analysis revealed the species to be C...