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Thursday, 1 December 2011

Athan And Iqamah (1)

Athan AND IQAMAH

By
Ustadz Kholid Syamhudi

In Islam, prayer is worship badaniyah important and has been designated timeframe. Allah says, it means: When you have completed the prayer (mu), remember Allah standing, sitting and reclining. Then when you have to feel safe, then be steadfast in prayer (as usual). (An Nisa ': 103). Indeed obligations specified time over those who believe ... [An Nisa ': 104].

To find time for prayer, God has mensyariatkan incoming call to prayer as a sign of prayer times, the following procedures for prayer and Islamic law with regard to the call to prayer. The semuai this, it is important to be known by the Muslims.

DEFINITIONS OF ATHANK AND IQAMAH
The word comes from the Arabic Adhan meaningful notice, as the word of Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala:

So if you do not do (of war) then know that Allah and His Messenger will fight you. And if you repent (from taking usury), then you staple your treasure; you do not persecute and not (also) persecuted. [Al-Baqarah: 279].

And (this is) a proclamation from Allah and His Messenger to mankind on the day of the great pilgrimage that Allah and His Messenger innocent of the idolaters. Then if you (the polytheists) repent, repent it is better for you: and if ye turn away, know ye that ye can not frustrate Allah. And preached to unbelievers (that they will receive) a painful punishment. [At-Tawbah: 3].

As according to Shari'a, call to prayer is to worship God with prayer time with a notice of entry of certain dhikr. This is what dirajihkan Ibn 'Uthaymeen, as his statement: "This is more precise than just (just) the understanding that prayer is a notice of entry of prayer times, prayer because prayer is involved. Therefore, if diysariatkan ibrad in Dhuhr prayer (prayer Dhuhr slow until slightly cool), then the call to prayer is prescribed mengakhirkan ". [1]

The iqamah, according to rules derived from the Arabic word whose meaning aqama, making it a straight or straightened. Meanwhile, according to the term Shari'a, iqamah is, worship of God to uphold the prayer with a specific dhikr. [2]

Athan DIFFERENCES AND IQAMAH
Understanding of prayer and iqamah above, it is known the difference between prayer and iqamah is:

1. Athan to notify the entry time to prepare for prayers fulfilled, and iqamah to enter and start the prayer.
2. Lafadz (dhikr) being floated, and each (between prayer and iqamah) are also different, as will be described in the following discussion.

Athan AND NATURE AND LAFADZ IQAMAH
Lafadz prayer that exist and are used at the time of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam and famous in the schools of the scholars there are three kinds:

When the Prophet ordered the use of bells to call people gathered for prayer, then in my sleep, I dreamed there was someone who surround me with carrying a bell in his hand, then I said to him: "O servant of God. Do you sell that bell? "So he replied:" Want you do with it? "So I menjawb:" Calling people prayed with him ". Then the person is declared: "Will you, I show a better than that?" I replied: "Yes, like". So he says: "Say:

When the dawn, I met the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam and the dream is telling. Then he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said: "Really, it is a dream come true, God willing. Then go to Bilal and teach what you see, then let Bilal's call to prayer with him, because he was louder voice than you. "Then I met Bilal and taught him, and she brought with her prayer. Then Umar bin Khattab heard about it in his house, then he came out dragging her shawl and declares: "By the One who sent you to the right, O Messenger of Allah, indeed I will see what he saw in a dream". Then the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said: "Thank God". [3]

2. Lafadz azan number of 17 sentences, which is 2 Takbir, 2 syahadatain repeated twice = 8 lines, 2 Hayya 'ala as prayer, 2 Hayya alal falah, 2 Takbir and a sentence of monotheism. This is the prayer according to Imam Malik, and essentially is the hadeeth of Abu Mahdzurah:

3. 19 sentence wording, which is 4 Takbir, 2 syahadatain with tarji '(repeated twice = 8 sentences), 2 Hayya' ala as prayer, 2 Hayya alal falah, 2 Takbir and a sentence of monotheism. This is used as a guideline in the Shafi'i madhhab. The proof is the hadeeth of Abu Mahdzurah:

Ibn Abd al-Bar said: "Ahmad, Ishaq, Dawud and Ibn Jarir opinion, this includes err is permissible, because the first four Takbir or made two times, or with tarji 'in the creed or not, iqamah made two-two or one on one everything except قد قامت الصلاة. everything is allowed. [7]

In this issue, Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih Al Uthaymeen give his statement as the Legal Affairs Committee: Everything in the hadith of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam from lafadz call to prayer, then it is allowed, even should, sometimes using this and sometimes that one, if not cause unrest and slander. There is a rule which states, acts of worship that is taught in a different hand, should be carried out on all the sides. This has several faidah (benefit):
a). Keeping the Sunnah in a variety of sides.
b). Easing the mukallaf.
c). The presence of the liver (make khusyu `) and not get bored.
d). Preserve and maintain the Shari'a. [8]

Then there is another narration which explains that the call to prayer carried out two by two, and iqamah one on one, as in the hadith of Ibn Umar disebtukan:

All lafadz azan above may be used, and better when used in full, unless the fear of fitnah in the community, as has been presented above Shaykh Ibn Uthaymeen.

CONTENT LAFADZ Athan
Lafazd prayer and iqamah includes content Aqeedah of a Muslim, so the Imam Al-Qadhi Iyadh argues: "Know that prayer is a sentence that contains the aqeedah of faith that includes the types. The first, set the Essence and the Essence of God ought to be had from the perfection and purification of the opposite of perfection. And it contained the words "Allahu Akbar". Lafadz this, though very brief, but it explains what we have mentioned above. Then (the second), affirmed the unity of God and the rejection of any ally that is impossible for Him. This is the basis and pillar of faith, and monotheist, there is precedence over all other religious duties. Then confirms the determination of the truth of prophecy and persakisan treatise (apostolic) for our Prophet, Muhammad sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam. And this is a great rule after keesaaan creed about God. Then invite the religious obligations. Invited to pray and make the determination of prophecy, because the obligation is known through the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, rather than through reason. Then invite hello to victory, that is eternal in the eternal enjoyment. Here there is a cue for the hereafter matters in terms of resurrection and revenge which is the final issue of Islamic Aqeedah. Then it repeated the prayer iqamat to notify the start. It contains an affirmation of faith and repetition explanation when starting a religious faith with heart and orally, and that those who pray continually in righteous deeds and clarity of the science of faith, prayer and feel the majesty and grandeur of Essence that is worshiped as well as a great reward ". [13]

Imam Al-Qurtubi also stated: "Adhan, although the wording is very concise, but contains a lot of problems aqeedah; because prayer begins with the determination that contain takbeer existence and perfection of God. This was followed by the establishment of monotheism and polytheism deny. Then the determination of the minutes of Muhammad sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, and call to obey the Special Representative particularly after the shahada (testimony) of the treatise (apostolic), because praying is not known except from the way the apostle. Then an invitation to the victory, which is eternity and contains cues about the Day of Judgement, and then repeated for emphasis. So that from didapatkanlah notification of incoming call to prayer prayer times, and appeared syiar congregational invitation of Islam ".