Read through carta again. Can you see that some endings are the same, but have different meanings?

For example, carte means

Charters

Of the charter

To or for the charter

To decide which meaning is appropriate, read the rest of the sentence.
For example, if part of a sentence is ‘she asked the king’ and the remaining word is carte, the meaning of carte that would make sense is ‘for the charter’.

All first declension nouns take the same endings as cartaexcept

anima

soul

filia

daughter

filiabus means ‘to or for the daughters’ and ‘by, with or from the daughters’

animabus means ‘to or for the souls’ and ‘by, with or from the souls’

A few first declension nouns are masculine. You are only likely to come across these three words: