The study was based on five factors: homeownership rate, diversity rate, upward mobility rate, median home value and unemployment rate.

Aurora, Illinois topped the list, followed by Odessa, Texas; Midland, Texas; and West Valley City, Utah; with Abilene rounding out the top five.

While the study boasts Abilene’s high homeownership rate and low median home value, a poor diversity rate lowers its overall score.

A blurb about Abilene from the study reads as follows:

Abilene, Texas brings us back to the Lone Star State to round out the top half of this list. Located in Central Texas, Abilene has a homeownership rate of more than 60% and a median home value of $114,900 (the lowest home value in our top 10). Diversity suffers, however: Abilene has the worst diversity score among Texas cities in the top 10.