Fluphenazine DiHCl is the dihydrochloride salt preparation of Fluphenazine. It has been used to deliver Fluphenazine to biological systems in studies probing the effects and metabolic fates of this commonly used dopamine antagonist.

Electrocatalytic determination of NADH using a hybrid surface-modified electrode with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and a novel electrogenerated redox mediator is described. The redox mediator precursor - fluphenazine (Flu) was adsorbed on MWCNT-modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode which was then subjected to electrochemical activation in 0.1 M H2SO4 using cyclic voltammetry (CV) over a range of potentials -0.2 to 1.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl (6 scans at 100 mV s(-1)). Cyclic voltammograms of Flu indicated the formation of a stable electroactive material presenting one reversible redox couple at the formal potential of -0.115 vs. Ag/AgCl in a phosphate buffer (pH7.0) as a supporting electrolyte. The peaks increased linearly with increasing scan rate indicating electroactive molecules anchored to the electrode surface. The GC/MWCNT/Flu electrode efficiently catalyzed the oxidation of NADH with a decrease in the overpotential of about 600 mV and 150 mV compared to the bare GC and GC/MWCNT electrode, respectively.

BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic medications are a central component of effective treatment for schizophrenia, but nonadherence is a significant problem for the majority of patients. Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic medications are a recommended treatment option for nonadherent patients, but evidence regarding their potential advantages has been mixed. Observational data on newer, second-generation LAI antipsychotic medications have been limited given their more recent regulatory approval and availability.

3.Forced Degradation Behaviour of Fluphenazine Hydrochloride by LC and Characterization of its Oxidative Degradation Product by LC-MS/MS.

A novel, stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method is delivered for the determination of fluphenazine hydrochloride (FPZ) and its degradation products. The forced degradation testing of FPZ was carried out for hydrolytic, oxidative, photolytic, and thermal degradation. The degradation appeared using a reversed-phase C18 column at ambient temperature with a mobile phase comprised of methanol : acetonitrile : (10 mM) ammonium acetate (70:15:15, v/v/v) pH 6.0, adjusted with acetic acid, having a flow rate of 1 ml min(-1) and a detection wavelength at 259 nm. Primarily, the maximum degradation products were formed under oxidative stress conditions. The product was distinguished through LC-MS/MS fragmentation studies. Based on the results, a more complete degradation pathway for the drug could be proposed. The modernized method was found to be precise, accurate, specific, and selective. The method was found to be suitable for the quality control of fluphenazine hydrochloride in the tablet as well as in stability-indicating studies.

4.Comparison of treatment effectiveness and medical costs for different long-acting injectable antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia in Taiwan: A nationwide population-based cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the comparative effectiveness and medical costs of five long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics, flupentixol, fluphenazine, haloperidol, risperidone, and clopentixol/zuclopentixol, in patients with schizophrenia.