Dysfunctional behaviors can be the most debilitating consequence of TBI, dramatically impacting family, social, and vocational relationships. Estimates of behavioral challenges among children with TBI range from 35% to 70%. Estimates among adults range from 25% to 61%.

In this TBI Research Brief, the CBIRT presents Part I of a two-part series on evidence-based guidelines for managing these challenges. Part I focuses on three key elements: common challenging behaviors post-injury; causes of challenging behaviors; and a process for evaluating behaviors. Part II will focus on specific management strategies.