Less than two weeks after the Michael Brown decision set off riots in Ferguson, Missouri, a grand jury decided not to indict NYPD officer Daniel Pantaleo in the death of 43-year-old Eric Garner on Staten Island in July.

Two of the three women on the Supreme Court vigorously questioned a UPS lawyer Wednesday over the company's refusal to give lighter duty to a pregnant worker, a closely watched case with potentially broad impact for female workers and their...