Chemical Potential

In thermodynamics, chemical potential, also known as partial molar free energy, is a form of potential energy that can be absorbed or released during a chemical reaction. It may also change during a phase transition. The chemical potential of a species in the mixture can be defined as the slope of the free energy of the system with respect to a change in the number of moles of just that species. Thus, it is the partial derivative of the free energy with respect to the amount of the species, all other species' concentrations in the mixture remaining constant, and at constant temperature. When pressure is constant, chemical potential is the partial molar Gibbs free energy. At chemical equilibrium or in phase equilibrium the total sum of chemical potentials is zero, as the free energy is at a minimum.

In semiconductor physics, the chemical potential of a system of electrons is known as the Fermi level.

Chemical Potential - In Particle Physics ... In recent years, thermal physics has applied the definition of chemical potential to systems in particle physics and its associated processes ... QCD matter, at every point in space there is a chemical potential for photons, a chemical potential for electrons, a chemical potential for baryon number, electric charge, and so forth ... Therefore the chemical potential of photons is always and everywhere zero ...

Gibbs–Duhem Equation ... equation describes the relationship between changes in chemical potential for components in a thermodynamical system where is the number of moles of component, the infinitesimal increase in chemical ... temperature are variable, only of components have independent values for chemical potential and Gibbs' phase rule follows ...

Spinodal Decomposition - Diffusion Equation ... the flux of two species ( JA and JB ) to the gradient of the chemical potential difference As pointed out by Cahn, this equation can be considered as a phenomenological definition of the mobility M, which must by ... It consists of the ratio of the flux to the local gradient in chemical potential ... This leads to a change in its chemical potential, and for fluids Substitution yields By taking the divergence, we obtain the new diffusion equation Alternatively, since the flux equation ...

Equilibrium Chemistry - Equilibrium Constant ... Chemical potential is the partial molar freeenergy ... The potential, μi, of the ith species in a chemical reaction is the partial derivative of the free energy with respect to the number of moles of that species, Ni A general chemical ... The value of δGr for these reactions is a function of the chemical potentials of all the species The chemical potential, μi, of the ith species can be ...

Famous quotes containing the words potential and/or chemical:

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