Medical Marijuana Proponents Breathe Easier Under New Guidelines

Angel Raich says she has lived in guilt and fear for the past few years.

Diagnosed with a brain tumor, chronic pain and scoliosis, Raich, 43, says she uses marijuana to help her survive. But having lost multiple court cases, including one in the Supreme Court, the Californian has lived in constant fear that she and others in her position will be arrested by the feds.

"I was actually shocked ... absolutely amazed that it happened," an ecstatic Raich told ABC News today. "It's one of the things I wanted to see in my lifetime, that I didn't know I'd see before I die."

California is one of 14 states where it's permissible to use marijuana for medicinal purposes. But even though it's permitted for sale there, it still violates federal law, which bans any use of marijuana. And in the previous administration, authorities targeted medical marijuana sellers under federal laws even if they complied with state laws.

Under the Bush administration, the Drug Enforcement Administration had conducted enforcement operations against a range of dispensaries in California.

In 2005, Raich, who now lives in Orinda, Calif., and two of her suppliers sued then-Attorney General John Ashcroft and took their case to the Supreme Court. But the justices declared that medical marijuana users and their suppliers could be prosecuted for breaking federal drug laws even if they lived in a state such as California.

At the outset of the new administration, Holder discussed a possible policy shift in regards to enforcement against medical marijuana distributors in California, saying that enforcement may only take place against medical marijuana dispensaries that violate both federal and state laws.

The agency today said it will not focus its resources on individuals who are compliant with state laws.

"It will not be a priority to use federal resources to prosecute patients with serious illnesses or their caregivers who are complying with state laws on medical marijuana, but we will not tolerate drug traffickers who hide behind claims of compliance with state law to mask activities that are clearly illegal," Holder said in a statement. "This balanced policy formalizes a sensible approach that the Department has been following since January: effectively focus our resources on serious drug traffickers while taking into account state and local laws."

The new policy is in line with what candidate Barack Obama promised in his campaign. As a presidential candidate, Obama said he would end federal raids on people who used marijuana for medical purposes.

"The Justice Department going after sick individuals using this as a palliative instead of going after serious criminals makes no sense," Obama said in July 2007.

The new formal guidelines reflect that language. "As a general matter, pursuit of these priorities should not focus federal resources in your States on individuals whose actions are in clear and unambiguous compliance with existing state laws providing for the medical use of marijuana," states the memo from the Justice Department to U.S. attorneys.