Emissions more and more. The UN is discussing the salvation of the Earth

At the conference on climate protection in Katowice politicians and experts discuss how to reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere.

At the UN conference for climate protection, which is December 3, started in Katowice, discuss the Paris climate agreement, negotiated for many years.

Three years have passed since then, 190 countries of the UN was celebrated in Paris the signing of the agreement on climate protection, but now the mood has changed. The concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere newly updated record.

The world Bank on the eve of the conference has allocated $ 200 billion to fight climate change, “send an important signal” to the world to follow suit. Корреспондент.net tells details.

Greenhouse gases became more

The world meteorological organization before the UN conference on climate change has published an annual report, which States that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of our planet has once again reached a record, reaching of 405.5 ppm by volume in 2017. So it was only about five million years ago.

The previous record was reached in 2016, then the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere was at 403,3 parts per million.

How has planet Earth and what to expect

Greenhouse gases are emitted into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels and some other industrial processes, e.g. production of hydrofluorocarbons, which, while not harmful to the ozone layer.

Scientists believe that greenhouse gas emissions have caused the global average temperature increases and climate change in the last hundred years.

The organization estimates since 1750 CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased by 146 percent and prerequisites for reversal yet.

The second important long-lived greenhouse gas methane also reached record concentrations in 1859 parts per billion by volume, or 257 percent from pre-industrial levels.

At the same time, the report says, has slowed the rate of decline of concentration trichlorfluormethane, a powerful greenhouse and ozone-depleting gas, banned by the Montreal Protocol. Environmentalists suspected violations of Asia.

“The window of opportunity to solve the problem of climate change is rapidly closing” – the Secretary General of WMO, petteri Taalas.

In addition, in another report, the organization said that 2018 is likely to occupy the fourth place in the ranking of the most anomalously warm years in the history of meteorological observations, with the first three lines occupy the previous three years.

Temperature anomalies in 2018

World Bank doubles aid

The world Bank will double its investment in the fight against climate change. From 2021 to 2025 will podaydet for this purpose 200 billion dollars. Funds should primarily help poor countries cope with the effects of climate change.

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“We need to fight against its causes, but at the same time to adapt to the consequences, which often affect the poorest Nations in the largest extent”, – said the representative of the world Bank Kristalina Georgieva.

The press release States that the world Bank “sends an important signal to the international community to do likewise”. WB calls on government authorities to “build a safer, more climate resilient future.”

The Paris agreement at the UN conference

In 2015, 197 countries signed the Paris climate agreement, the goal of which is to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty.

If the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere will rise by about two degrees Celsius, as scientists say, this can lead to dangerous and unpredictable climate change, unprecedented floods, droughts and forest fires. And this, in turn, will cause a new global wave of migration. The agreement provides for:

holding the global average temperature increase well below 2 °C and limiting the temperature rise value of 1.5 °C;

limiting greenhouse gases to a level where they will be completely absorbed by plants and oceans, to the end of this century;

developed countries should financially assist other States in the fight against climate change

Now, three years later, representatives of the signatories to the agreement then in Paris, meet again, this time in Polish Katowice. However, the euphoria after the landmark meeting has already passed.

A year after the signing of the agreement on climate protection, the President of the United States was Donald trump, and he soon announced its withdrawal from the agreement.

In the summer of 2017 trump even organized a special press conference in the garden of the White house and said to her that he, as President of the United States, “there are commitments in front of the American people.”

In addition, countries such as Russia, Iraq and Iran finally failed to approve an international agreement for climate protection. And in Australia and Brazil came to power, adhering to nationalist views right-wing populists, who are also not interested in global climate protection.

World Council on climate protection, which includes about 900 scientists, a few months ago presented the report of the c a disappointing conclusion: the problem of global climate change can no longer be postponed; we must act now – otherwise irreparable damage to the planet’s ecosystems can be made in the 2030-th year, i.e. after 12 years.

Details in the material is 12 years old. Catastrophic melting of the poles.

And Ukraine is heating the planet

In a study published in the journal Nature Communications, Ukraine was among the countries that actively warm the planet and help to stop climate change.

According to the study, the Ukrainian approach to the environment helps to ensure that the average temperature on the planet will increase by more than 5.1 per cent of the degree.

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In Europe, as noted, more or less environmentally friendly policy is only Switzerland, the activity of which the temperature will increase by 1.6 degrees.

How did you manage to tighten the ozone hole

The Earth’s ozone layer is fully restored on the planet by 2060, estimated by the world meteorological organization in November.

Recall that without the ozone layer Earth defenseless against ultraviolet solar radiation. And the ozone hole over Antarctica is one of the serious threats to the global ecosystem.

In 1985 was designed by the Montreal Protocol, which set the time within Katerynoslav that Deplete the ozone layer shall be phased out and eliminated from use. It entered into force on 1 January 1989.

So, chlorine – and bromine-containing peony replaced by other substances, such as fluorinated freons, which do not react with ozone.

However, given that the atmosphere has already accumulated a huge amount of ozone-depleting substances that can exist for decades, this process has stretched on for many years.

Experts note that the elimination of the use of ozone-depleting substances is also helping in the fight against climate change, since many chemical substances controlled by the Treaty also recognized the sources of global warming.

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Birr ozone over Antarctica in 2001 / NASA

UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan says that “perhaps the only very successful international agreement can be considered as the Montreal Protocol”. 196 member States of the UN ratified the initial version of the document.

As stated in the world meteorological organization last month, thanks to the Montreal Protocol the ozone layer is recovering.

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