Guic nɛmɛ, Lä̲tni̲ jɛ jï̲n puɔ̲nydu̲ ni̲ jï̲n kä̲ rɔaadu̲.
Look at this do it you yourself you by yourself.

PHONETICS

-uä̲-

This diphthong goes from a front position way to the back of the throat.

Continue drills.

SYNTAX

The intensive pronoun is formed from the noun "body" [puɔ̲ny] which is given the possessive adjective endings.
Its limited grammatical environment avoids confusion with the word [puɔ̲ny] -- body. It is only used as an intensifier
in apposition with a noun or pronoun. Its meaning is one of intensity and might be translated "I even I" or
"that very man" etc.

Ɣä̲n puɔ̲nydä̲ bä̲ wä̲. -- I myself will go.

Jɛn go̲o̲rɛ wu̲t ɛmɔ puɔ̲nydɛ. -- He wants that man himself.

Note: If a noun is modified by other words the intensive is always spoken last. e.g. [Göörä̲ wu̲t ɤ di̲i̲t ɛmɔ puɔ̲nydɛ. ] -- I want this
big man himself.

Intensive pronoun

puɔ̲nydä̲

pua̲nykɔn (in)

puɔ̲nydu̲

pua̲nykɔ (ex)

puɔ̲nydɛ

pua̲nyku̲n

pua̲nykiɛn

The reflexive pronoun [rɔ - ro̲] occurs in 2 grammatical situations. It occurs as direct object of the verb or as an
indirect object with the preposition [kä̲]. It may or may not be declined with the possessive adjective endings.
Declension can occur only with the singular form [rɔ] in E. Nuer. The declined form is optional. The declined form
tends to strengthen and clarify the meaning.

Cɛ rɔ nä̲k. -- He killed himself.

Cɛ rɔɔdɛ nä̲k. -- He killed himself. Direct Obj.

Cɛ jɛ la̲t kä̲ rɔ. -- He did it to himself.

Indirect Obj. Cikɛ jɛ la̲t kä̲ ro̲. -- They did it to themselves.

Note: When [rɔ] is declined the vowel is lengthened. [kä̲] is always hi tone.

When the action changes from a direct effect upon self to the self's effect on something else, [rɔ] changes to
[rɔa] and the plural remains [ro̲]. This form may or may not be declined without affecting the meaning.

Cɛ jɛ cam kä̲ rɔa. -- He ate it by himself. or

Cɛ jɛ cam kä̲ rɔaadɛ. -- He ate it alone.

Jɛn kä̲ rɔaadɛ cɛ jɛ cam kä̲ rɔa. -- He by himself he ate it by himself. or, he alone ate it alone.

Ci kɛn ɛ cam kɛn kä̲ ro̲. -- They ate it they by themselves.

Note: Redundancy in subjects and objects is not only permissible but constantly employed in Nuer.