INTROAjanta and Ellora are the pride of Maharashtra. The rock-cut caves of both these sites are world famous and illustrate the degree of skill and artistry that Indian craftsmen had achieved several hundred years ago. Ajanta dates from 100 B.C. while Ellora is younger by some 600 years. The village of Ajanta is in the Sahyadri hills, about 99 kms. From Aurangabad; a few miles away in a mammoth horseshoe-formed rock, are 30 caves overlooking a gorge, `each forming a room in the hill and some with inner rooms. Al these have been carved out of solid rock with little more than a hammer and chisel and the faith and inspiration of Buddhism. Here, for the Buddhist monks, the artisans excavated Chaityas (chapels) for prayer and Viharas (monasteries) where they lived and taught. Many of the caves have the most exquisite detailed carvings on the walls, pillars and entrances as well as magnificent wall paintings. CONCLUSION

In their range of time and treatments they provide a panorama of life in ancient India and are a source of all kinds of information... hair styles, ornaments, textiles, musical instruments, details of architecture, customs etc. It was from this collection of classical Indian art that a particular style was formed that traveled with Buddhism to many parts of the world. Similar paintings can be seen in Sigiriya in Sri Lanka, Bamiyan in Afghanistan, temples and shrines in Tibet, Nepal, China and Japan. Royal patronage made Ajanta possible. Professional artists carried out much of the work and each contributed his own individual skill and devotion to this monumental work. Visitors often ask how the artist who painted the detailed frescoes and chiseled out the intricate carvings, managed to work in the dark interiors of the caves. It has been noticed that the caves are illuminated by natural light for part of the day and it is presumed that metal mirrors or sheets of white cloth were used to reflect sunlight into the inner recesses.

PG1The Ajanta Caves (Ajiṇṭhā leni; Marathi: अजिंठा लेणी) in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra. The caves are located in the Indian state of Maharashtra, near Jalgaon, just outside the village of Ajinṭhā (20°31′56″N 75°44′44″E). Caves are only about 59 kilometers from Jalgaon Railway station (on Delhi - Mumbai, Rail line of the Central railways, India); and 104 kilometers from Aurangabad (from Ellora Caves 100 Kilometers). They are cut into the volcanic lava of the Deccan in the forest ravines of the Sahyadri Hills and are set in beautiful sylvan surroundings. These magnificent caves containing carvings that depict the life of Buddha, and their carvings and sculptures are considered to be the beginning of classical Indian art. PG2

, India are 30 rock-cut cave monuments which date from the 2nd century BCE to the 600 CE. The caves include paintings and sculptures considered to be masterpieces of Buddhist religious art (which depict the Jataka tales) as well as frescos which are reminiscent of the Sigiriya paintings in Sri Lanka. The caves were built in two phases starting around 2nd century BCE, with the second group of caves built around 600 CE. It is a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India. The caves vary from 35ft to 110ft in height. The caves of Ajanta consist of Viharas or Monasteries and Chaitya Grihas or monument halls cut into the mountains in two phases. The monasteries are of various sizes the tallest being of 52ft. The monasteries were used by the Buddhist monks for meditating and studying Buddhist teachings. They are mostly square shaped and projects didactic, devotional, and ornamental paintings from Jataka Tales and life of Gautam Buddha, contemporary people, kings, slaves, flowers, plants, fruits, birds and beasts. There are also the figures of yakshas, kinneras (half human and half bird) gandharvas (divine musicians), apsaras (heavenly dancers) seen in several wall paintings and sculptures and also art and architecture of the 3rd AD Gupta...

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...Ajanta Caves in Maharashtra, India are a Buddhist monastery complex of twenty-nine rock-cut cave monuments containing paintings and sculpture considered to be masterpieces of both "Buddhist religious art"[1] and "universal pictorial art"[2] The caves are located just outside the village of Ajinṭhā in Aurangabad District in the Indian state of Maharashtra (N. lat. 20 deg. 30' by E. long. 75 deg. 40'). Since 1983, the Ajanta Caves have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Excavation of the caves began in the third-second century B.C.E., during the period when Dakshinapath was ruled by Satavahana dynasty, and activity at the complex continued until the fifth to sixth century C.E., when the region was ruled by Vakatakas. Both the Satavahanas and Vakatakas were followers of Brahmanism, but also patronized the Buddhist shrines. The walls, ceilings and columns of the caves were covered with complex compositions of the Jataka stories (the stories of the Buddha's former existences as Boddhisattva), and ornate floral and animal decorations. The exuberance and richness of the painting suggests that the artists were accustomed to painting secular as well as religious works. The paintings have a natural fluidity, depth and volume not found in later, more stylized Indian art.
Jataka tales from the Ajanta caves
Ajanta Caves - view from ticket officeAjanta Caves in Maharashtra,...

...Being the Man
Looking back at my life it seems that I have changed drastically over multiple periods of time. Many people would say many different things about me and the way I was when they knew me. I always thought myself as a decent person; I would hold doors for woman, or clean up random trash that was laying around.
According to my mother I was always a very humble child and would put others before me all of the time with no questions asked. But as I grew older I wandered away from that, and became very prideful. I would always say that it was just me having self confidence, but that was just my way of hiding my pride from myself and others.
When I was in high school the boys soccer team was very underappreciated. We always had a solid squad, and always did well during the regular season and the post season. We made many enemies with other teams from our school and even some from other school in my city. The soccer team at my high school was very close, we stuck together all the time, no matter what class you were in there was at least two other soccer players and your job was to gang up and run the class.
During my junior year once again we had a good soccer team, and with me being an upper classman and a captain on the team I was a person that everyone looked up too. The captains of each sports team were always cool with each other, and we stayed out of each other’s ways for the most part. The only time that we really associated with...

...Hylarie M. Leon Guzmán
ENGL 224-001
Dr. Annie Montero
March 6th 2014
Pride
Through the age’s mankind has determined what is right and wrong in an emotional point of view as well as the psychological. This term is known as pride. Pride has become an essential problem to basically anyone animals and humans alike. In biblical terms pride appears many times like in; Genesis 11:1-9, The Tower of Babel, in this story describes how mankind wanted to defy God and become greater than him. In this act God decided to destroy the Tower of Babel to teach mankind that pride was a sin. Since pride can be divided in many terms begin to describe it is the steps to understand it.
According to Dictionary.com, pride is a high or inordinate opinion of one's own dignity, importance, merit, or superiority, whether as cherished in the mind or as displayed in bearing, conduct. Nevertheless or however we can also mention that pride is also considered one of the mayor problems that have attacked society for ages needless to say they weren’t all positive. To define this term has been a hassle for ages since people who try to define it put their own version of the word pride since the word itself says to be proud. So “pride” can be viewed in a positive and negative way. In psychological terms, Pride is "a pleasant, sometimes...

...cave No.17. It seems that the local
Vakatakas had relations, thought marriage, with the great Gupta kings of the north.
NUMBER OF CAVES:
The total numbers of caves are 30. Most of them were finished, A few were half finished, A pathway, scooped out from stone, runs as a crescent by the caves for
pedestrians. From this, one can have a glorious view of the ravine below.
SITING
For many years, expert scholars and other learned men form all over the world, have visited theAjanta caves. Millions of pilgrims and tourists have been there.
Every one wonders why the caves were scooped out on this particular horseshoe rock, in the middle of the Deccan Plateau.
The great scholar, late Prof. D.D. Kosambi, suggested that all the caves in the caves in the Western Ghats, from shudhaghar, through Karla, Bhaja, Nasik, Pitalkhora,
to Ajanta are located on the crests of an ancient trade route from the Arabian sea in to the Deccan. This may be one good reason, which can explain the carving in the
Ajanta rocks, nearby were the Mandis or trade centers, of Deogiri and Jalgaon.
The second reason was clearly the texture of the granite rock. This was in layers, which could be easily cut with instruments available to the craftsman in those days.
The third reason is that the Buddhist monks always preferred to live in secluded spots. They went to collect alms from the village and small towns and trade centers,
but came back for quiet...

...﻿AJANTA CAVES
INTRODUCTION
Ajanta Caves (Ajiṇṭhā leni; Marathi) in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra, India are about 30 rock-cut Buddhist cave monuments which date from the 2nd century BCE to about 480 or 650 CE.[1] The caves include paintings and sculptures described by the government Archaeological Survey of India as "the finest surviving examples of Indian art, particularly painting",[2]which are masterpieces of Buddhist religious art, with figures of the Buddha and depictions of the Jataka tales.[3] The caves were built in two phases starting around the 2nd century BCE, with the second group of caves built around 400–650 CE according to older accounts, or all in a brief period between 460 to 480 according to the recent proposals of Walter M. Spink.[4] The site is a protected monument in the care of the Archaeological Survey of India,[5] and since 1983, the Ajanta Caves have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The caves are located in the Indian state of Maharashtra, Jalgaon, just outside the village of Ajinṭhā 20°31′56″N 75°44′44″E), about 59 kilometres (36 miles) from Jalgaon railway station on the Delhi – Mumbai line of the Central Railway zone, and 104 kilometres (64 miles) from the city of Aurangabad. They are 100 kilometres (62 miles) from the Ellora Caves, which contain Hindu and Jain temples as well as Buddhist caves, the last dating from a period similar to...

...﻿THE 29TH STATE: A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF THE TELANGANA STATEHOOD ISSUE
Telangana, India’s 29th state is to be carved out from the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. The city of Hyderabad would serve as the common capital of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh for ten years. On 30 July 2013 the ruling Congress party bowed down to the decades-old political pressure and announced its intention to shape Telangana out of Andhra Pradesh. The timeline for the creation of the new state involves an intricate process, which has been allotted 122 days; approximately four months. The split must to be approved by the Indian Parliament before the state is officially formed. With a population of over 3.5 crore, the new state comprising mostly the Telugu speaking areas of the princely Nizam state will have 17 Lok Sabha seats and 119 assembly seats. After creation, Telangana will consist of 10 districts: Hyderabad, Adilabad, Khammam, Karimnagar, Mahbubnagar, Medak, Nalgonda, Nizamabad, Rangareddy, and Warangal; primarily Hyderabad and its surrounding districts.
Since the Hyderabad state was amalgamated with Andhra to form Andhra Pradesh in 1956, there have been several agitations in Telangana aimed at quashing the merger and nullifying the decision of unification. On 9 December 2009, the Government of India announced the process of forming the separate state of Telangana. However, this process was halted just two weeks later, after aggressive protests shook Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions in...

...Beed (Maharashtra): India's national bird, the peacock, is under severe threat from nature's vagaries at one of the largest peacock national parks in the country at Naigaon here.
The threat is not from its natural predators or humans, but from the extreme heat wave conditions in the Marathwada region, around 400 km east of Mumbai, that virtually suffocate and even kill the magnificent bird.
| |
According to local conservationists, nearly 13 adult peafowl have reportedly perished this summer mainly because of starvation and water shortages in the Naigaon Peacock Sanctuary (NPS).
"A few years, or maybe a decade, ago, there were an estimated 10,000 peafowl flourishing here with sufficient food and water. However, in recent years, their numbers have sharply dwindled," Mayur Mitra Mandal (MMM) president Shahid Syed told IANS.
MMM is engaged in providing voluntary services by taking drums of water to the park to help quench the thirst of peafowls, but it is restrained by lack of resources, Syed said.
However, a former Range Forest Officer S.A. Bade dismissed the claims made by Syed and said that in May, just one peacock was found dead.
"Yes, there were a large number of peafowl here a few years ago, but the figure of 10,000 may be a bit exaggerated. Today, there are nearly 3,500 peafowl in the sanctuary," said Bade, who spent three years at NPS.
Though admitting the dwindling numbers, Bade said this could be more due to migration to other...

...Politics of Maharashtra
After India's independence, most of Maharashtra's political history was dominated by the Indian National Congress party. Maharashtra became a bastion of the Congress party producing stalwarts such as Yashwantrao Chavan, Vasantdada Patil, Shankarrao Chavan, Vasantrao Naik, Vilasrao Deshmukh and Sharad Pawar.
The party enjoyed near unchallenged dominance of the political landscape until 1995 when the Shiv Sena and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) secured an overwhelming majority in the state to form a coalition. After a split in the Congress party, former chief minister Sharad Pawar formed the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP), but formed a coalition with the Congress to keep out the BJP-SS combine. Prithviraj Chavan of Congress party is the current Chief Minister of Maharashtra.
Maharashtra, 1960-1971
Establishment of the State : In 1956 the Bombay State ceded Kannada-speaking territory to Mysore, but gained Marathwada (Aurangabad Division) from Hyderabad State and Vidarbha (Amravati and Nagpur Divisions) from Madhya Pradesh & Berar. In 1960, Bombay State was split into the States of Gujarat and Maharashtra.
Administration : From 1962 to 1979 Maharashtra was administrated by an Indian National Congress (INC) led government
Annals : 1960 : Bombay State split into Gujarat and Maharashtra; Bombay capital of Maharashtra, Marathi...

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