Tahqiq, Takhrij, Sharh

Muhadith Zubair Ali Zai

Translated Abu Ubaydah

Translated, Checked & Additional Notes

Abu Hibban & Abu Khuzaimah Ansaari

The Issue of the Prophet’s (Alayhim Was-Sallatu Was-Sallaam) Inheritance

[44] And with the same chain of narration that when the Messenger of Allah (Sallalahu Alayhi Was-Sallam) died, the wives of the Prophet (Sallalahu Alayhi Was-Sallam) wanted to send Uthman Ibn Afan to Abu Bakr as-Sidiq to ask him about their inheritance from the Messenger of Allah (Sallalahu Alayhi Was-Sallam) A’isha said to them, “Didn’t the Messenger of Allah (Sallalahu Alayhi Was-Sallam) say, ‘No one inherits from us. What we leave is sadaqa.’ “

Transmitted by Bukhari (no.6730) and Muslim (51/1758) from the hadith of Malik.

[UNDERSTANDING FROM THE HADITH]

1) This hadith, “We (Prophets and Messengers [Alayhim Was-Sallatu Was-Sallaam]) do not have any inheritors, whatever we leave behind that is sadaqa” is mutawatir. See Qutfal azhar (no.100) luqtul ali (no.26) and nadhmul mutanathar (no.272)

2) It is not necessary that the knowledge of one authentic hadith will definitely and surely be known by every single scholar rather it is more likely (and possible) that despite the knowledge of some scholars at a particular time they do not remember the hadith or proof, and remember it when a necessity comes along or someone reminds them of it.

3) It is narrated from A’isha (Radi Allahu Anha) that Abu Bakr (Radi Allahu Anhu) said at the time when he was on his death bed that, “According to my knowledge I have only this wealth (that is) 1. A milking she camel 2. A sword polishing servant. When I die then take these (2 things) and give them to Umar (Radi Allahu Anhu). When these two things were given to Umar (Radi Allahu Anhu) then he said, “May Allah have mercy on Abu Bakr (Radi Allahu Anhu), he has put those people after him into difficulty.” (Tabaqat Ibn Sa’d (3/192) and its chain is Sahih) It is known from this that the rulers should be very careful in the baytul mal and government affairs so that after death he is saved from impeachment. Every person will be given their review of deeds on the day of judgement which will have details of all the small and big deeds listed.

4) It is said in an authentic narration which is according to the names of men (biographies of narrators) of the Shia that Abu Abdullah (Ja’far Ibn Muhamad Sadiq) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (Sallalahu Alayhi Was-Sallam) said, “And without a shadow of a doubt the inheritors of the Prophets (Alayhimus Salam) are the scholars, without a shadow of a doubt the inheritance of the Prophets (Alayhimus Salam) is not dirham or dinar however they leave behind the inheritance of knowledge, whoever takes it then they have taken a big part.” (al-Usul Minal Kafi of Kayni (vol.1 pg.34) chapter of reward of the teacher and student hadith (no.1), and its chain is authentic according to the Shia)