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Federal prosecutors said Wednesday that police raided properties in the Berlin area on “initial suspicion of activity for an intelligence agency.” They did not elaborate or specify what intelligence agency was involved, but said they had not made an arrest.

“We have investigations in two cases of suspected espionage, a very serious suspicion,” government spokesman Steffen Seibert told reporters in Berlin. He declined to provide further details, citing the ongoing investigations.

The daily Sueddeutsche Zeitung reported, without naming sources, that the man being investigated worked at Germany’s Defence Ministry and is suspected of spying for the United States. Die Welt newspaper reported, also without naming sources, the man was a soldier in the German army who had aroused the suspicion of Germany’s military counter-intelligence agency because of his close contacts to alleged U.S. spies.

Defence Ministry spokesman Lt. Col. Uwe Roth declined to confirm the reports, but said the case fell “into the ministry’s area of responsibility” and that Defence Minister Ursula von der Leyen had been informed.

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State Department officials travelling with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry in Beijing had no immediate comment.

Last week, a 31-year-old German intelligence employee was arrested on suspicion of spying for foreign powers since 2012. German media have reported that he spied for the United States and came to authorities’ attention when he recently offered his services to Russian officials in Germany by email.

The case has frayed relations between Berlin and Washington, which were already strained by reports last year that the National Security Agency had targeted Chancellor Angela Merkel’s cellphone and conducted mass surveillance of Internet traffic in Germany. Those allegations have resulted in a criminal investigation and the creation of a parliamentary panel tasked with probing the NSA’s activities in Germany.

The U.S. ambassador to Berlin was summoned to the Foreign Ministry on Friday after news of the first case broke.

Ambassador John B. Emerson was at the ministry again Wednesday for a meeting with a senior official, Foreign Ministry spokesman Martin Schaefer said. U.S. Embassy spokesman Peter Claussen said the meeting had been arranged on Tuesday at the embassy’s request.

German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier said he was at a loss to understand why the U.S. would feel the need to spy on his country.

“We speak to each other all the time, and nobody keeps their views secret,” he said in an interview published Wednesday by the Saarbruecker Zeitung. “The attempt to use conspiratorial methods to find out about Germany’s position isn’t just unseemly, it’s unnecessary.”

Lora Anne Viola, an assistant professor in American foreign policy at Berlin’s John F. Kennedy Institute, said the spy cases appeared to herald a new low in U.S.-German relations.

“I think it’s going to be difficult to repair this with words alone,” she said.

“Without partners, without Germany, it’s very difficult for the U.S. to act on the foreign stage,” Viola said. She cited the case of Ukraine, where Germany has played a key role reaching out to Russia while also rallying European countries around the idea of sanctions.

Erich Schmidt-Eenboom, an expert on Germany’s intelligence agencies, said the reaction in Berlin would likely have been muted at any other time. “Without the NSA scandal there wouldn’t be such a fuss. They would have resolved this the way they’ve done since the 1950s, which is switch off the German spy and send his American handler home.

“But the NSA scandal is forcing the German government’s hand,” he said. “It’s been trying for months to play down the scandal so this new case has blindsided them.”

Schmidt-Eenboom said co-operation between the American and German intelligence agencies — particularly the CIA and its German counterpart the BND — was traditionally good.

“BND staff have always talked freely with their American counterparts, but to place a mole in a friendly agency, that’s a new dimension. The German intelligence community is up in arms.”

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