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Feb. l2, 196‘3
L. c. HANSEN
3,077,185
WRITING IMPLEMENT
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Feb. 12, 1963
3,077,185
L` C. HANSEN
WRITING IMPLEMENT
Filed Sept. l1, 1956
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Feb. 12, 1963
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3,077,185
WRITING IMPLEMENT
Filed Sept. 1l, 1956
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INVENTOR.
Feb. l2, 1963
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3,077,185
WRITING IMPLEMENT
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3,077,135
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Patented Feb. l2, i963
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3,077,185
‘WRH‘WG EMPLEMENT
Lewis C. Hansen, Fort Madison, Iowa., assigner to W. A.
Shealfer Peu Company, Fort Madison, Iowa, a corpora
tion of Delaware
Filed Sept. 11, 1956, Ser. No. 6il9,l16
1li Claims. (Cl. 12®--42.€l3}
This invention relates to writing implements and more
particularly to writing implements of the fountain pen
type.
In the construction of the usual type fountain pen em
ploying a liquid writing fluid it has usually been neces
sary to provide such implements with a cap if the imple
2
filling tube `disposed forwardly of the reservoir and eX
tensible through an open forward end of the barrel as
sembly. More particularly, a caples-s fountain pen is pro
vided in which a writing element is shiftable relative to
and through the open forward end of a barrel assembly
wherein the open end is normally lsealed by a yieldab-le
element and a filling tube is coaXially mounted with the
writing element and shiftable between positions for
wardly and rearwardly of the writing element. The writ
ing element and ii-lling tube are spaced apart to define
a capillary space therebetween extending longitudinally
`from the capillary reservoir to the writing tip. Means is
also 'provided for `forcefully filling the capillary reservoir
with writing fluid by the successive actuation of a tele
ments are to be carried in the pocket or handbag of the
user. The caps have been considered necessary in order
scoping pneumatic assembly. As indicated above, this
to prevent accidental spilling of the writing iluid wit-h
attendant soiling of the clothes of the person carrying the
implement. Furthermore, fountain pens are generally
prior art. For example, this invention is readily adapt
invention is readily applicable to a number of different
types of constructions that have been suggested in the
able to a device having an extensible `filling tube such as
constructed so that the caps are provided with pocket 20 is disclosed in Lynn P. Martin application Serial No.
clips so that when the implement is carried it will be in
256,897, ?led November 17, 1951, now Patent No. 2,769,
the “point up” position. Under certain circumstances
427, and more particularly to an implement having a
this has not been wholly satisfactory since after long
periods in the “point up” position, the writing iluid may
pneumatically collapsible sac of the character disclosed
in Martin United States Patent No. 2,610,612, dated
ydry or drain away from the writing tip so that the imple
September 15, 1952. However, the invention has particu
ment will not immediately write when applied to the
lar applicability in those Writin-g implements that are`
writing surface. Furthermore, the caps that have been
provided with a so-called capillary mass type reservoir
used iu the past offer the further disadvantage that they
and >such an implement is Idisclosed in the copending ap
may become separated from the implement and lost,
plication of Craig R. Sheafier, Serial No. 319,031, tiled
‘vf/hereafter it is practically impossible for the implement 30 November 6, 1952, now Patent No. 2,784,699. As is
to Ibe carried »by the user lwithout soiling the clothes.
known, capillary reservoirs are freely vented to the at
It has been proposed in connection with the so-called
mosphere at their rearward ends and it is not necessary
ball point pen writinfI implements to provide a device
to provide expansion chambers because of the fact that
in which the point of the implement can be reuacted
writing iluid is not expelled therefrom due to barometric
into the main body portion thereof whereby the imple 35 or temperature changes. Thus the capillary type reser
ment may readily be carried by the user without con
voirs are essentially free from leakage under ordinary
cern over the soiling of clothes. However, such struc
tures have not been feasible in connection with fountain
.pens employing liquid writing fluid since the liquid fluid
in most types of constructions tends to leak from the 40
conditions of use and are therefore particularly suitable
for use in connection with the provision of a capless type
fountain pen of the character contemplated by this in
vention.
Y
,
point upon changes in temperature or barometric
conditions.
Accordingly, it is an obiect of this invention to pro
For a more complete understanding of this invention
reference will now ‘be made to the accompanying draw
vide a fountain pen in which it is not necessary to ern
PIG. l is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of
the forward end of a fountain pen incorporatingr the novel
features of the invention with the various parts illus
trate‘d in their closed or normal positions;
FIG. 1A is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of
the rearward portion of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
ploy the usual type of cap for concealing the writing
point when the implement is not in use.
A further obiect of this invention is the provision of
a fountain pen which may be carried by the user in a
“point down” position in order that the writing point will
always be ready »for immediate transfer of fluid upon
use.
A still further object of this invention is the provision
of a capless fountain pen which may be readily carried
in the pocket or in a handbag without danger of pre
maturely discharging Writing fluid from the implement.
A still further object of this invention is the provision
of a novel construction which may be readily adaptable
to many types of implements that have been previously
ings wherein:
- FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional View of the embodi
ment of FIG. 1 taken on the line 2_2 of FIG. l;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the latching element
forming a part of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional View of the embodi
ment of FIGS. l and 1A taken on the line 4_4 of
FlG. 1A;
FIG, 5 is a transverse sectional View of the embodi
ment of rFlG. 1 taken on the line S-~-~5 thereof;
JFlG. 6 is a transverse sectional view of the embodi
A still further object of this invention is the provision 60
ment
of FIG. l taken on the line á--d thereof;
of improved means for feeding writing fluid in a foun
FlG‘. 7 illustrates in enlarged longitudinal section the
tain pen from a reservoir to a forwardly disposed writ
forward portion of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the
ing tip.
sold commercially.
An additional object of this invention is the provision
of improved means for forcefully filling the capillary
reservoir of a fountain pen.
Further and additional objects will appear from the
writing element partially shifted to the writing position;
FIG. 8 illustrates the embodiment of FIG. 1 in cn
larged longitudinal section with the writing element in
an overextended position;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial longitudinal sectional
view of the embodiment of FIG. l with the writing ele
In one form of this invention an improved fountain 70 ment in the writing position;
pen is provided having a capillary reservoir disposed
PEG. 10 is an enlarged partial longitudinal sectional
within a barrel assembly with a writing element and a
view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 illustrating the oper
following description, the accompanying drawings and
the appended claims.
3,077,185
ating mechanism for extending and retracting the writing
manner compressing coil spring 3S. In axially shifting
tip;
the sleeve Z6, a cylindrical element 6d having a tapered
forward end do engages the inner surface of resilient seal
52 spreading the furcated portion 65 thereof to permit
passage of the writing element therethrough. The cy
‘.FEG. 11 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of
the forward portion of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with
the filling tube extended;
Fifa llA is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view
of the rearward portion of the -embodiment of FIG. 1
with the writing tube in the extended position; and
FlG. 12 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of
the rearward portion of the embodiment of FIG. l with
the force filling mechanism actuated.
Referring now to the drawings and more particularly
to FIGS. l and 1A, a fountain pen 20 is illustrated hav
ing a main barrel portion 22 with a capillary reservoir
unit 2d disposed therein. A sleeve 26 is slidably
mounted on theV main barrel portion 22 to selectivelyl
expose or conceal a writing element 28 which extends
lindrical element 64 is normally urged forwardly slidably
on writing element ‘23 by a coil spring 74 which is corn
pressed between a collar ’lll formed on cylindrical ele
ment 6d and a stop ‘7o. The forward position of cy
lindrical element 64 relative to writing element 28 is es
tablished by the tapered ring 65 fixed on the forward end
of writing element
The collar 76 formed on cyl
inder 6d will abut against a shoulder '72 formed in the
gripping section 5d to limit forward movement of the
cylindrical element with writing element 23 relative to
sleeve 26. Spring stop 76 is secured in collar 46 which
is in turn carried by plug d@ forming a part of the main
Ibody portion 22.
The second step in the actuation of the writing ele
forwardly from and is integral with the reservoir unit
24. At the forward end of writing element 255 a writing
tip Si) having the conventional longitudinal slit therein 20 ment to a writing position is illustrated in FIG. 8. Fur
ther relative axial movement of the main body portion
is employed. A filling tube 32 is coaxially mounted
22 and the sleeve 26 further compresses spring SS and
within the writing element 23 and adapted for longi
causes the writing element E@ to protrude beyond the open
tudinal movement for purposes and in a manner to be
forward end of gripping section 54 through seal 52 which
explained in greater detail hereinafter. The outer diam
eter of filling tube 32 and the inner diameter of writing 25 has been spread as described above. Coil spring 7d is
compressed by this further motion and the sleeve Z6 is
element 28 are so selected that a space 3d exists between
moved to a point t here resilient detents ‘7d formed in
the two elements which is of capillary dimensions and
latching sleeve 3d pass into an annular recess dll formed
continuous over the lentire length of the filling tube and
in an annular insert 82 which forms a part of and moves
writing element. Thus, a capillary writing fluid path is
provided between the rearward end of the writing ele 30 with sleeve 2o. FEhe latching element Se is formed of
ment 2S and the writing tip 39. .
ri`he fluid reservoir is defined by the barrel portion 22,
a rearwardly disposed annular plug 36 having apertures
53 therein and a forwardly disposed plug ¿stl which is
threaded into the forward end of the body Z2. The space CO Cn
thus defined is filled with a capillary mass 42. Any one
of many well known capillary masses may be employed.
`For example, the space may be filled with woven gauze,
a helically wound film having spaces between adjacent
spring steel or similar material and is clearly shown in
perspective in FlG. 3. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the
cylindrical latching element 8d has a plurality of lon
gitudinal slits formed therein to denne detents ’7d and
additional portions are formed outwardly to provide re
silient faces 86 which will maintain the latching element
Sd in desired positions within the sleeve 2o by selective
engagement with the insert d2 or the forward edge 49
of collar lid.
ln axially shifting the sleeve 2d rearward during the
layers, or a plurality of small spheres having capillary 40
ñrst step described above motion of the latching element
dimensions therebetween, as is described in the Craig R..
tiri- is initially frictionally prevented by the interference
Sheaffer patent set out above.
of ring 93 and resilient faces iid of latching element 3d
The writing element 28 has a rearwardly disposed
until the rear edge 85 of the cylindrical latching element
flange de which is secured in the plug di) by a collar d6
3d abuts the forward edge ¿i7 of the large portion of the
in threaded engagement therewith. As clearly illus
collar do, imparting a forward motion to the latching
trated in FIG. 6, the plug ¿itl slidably supports the inner
filling tube 3?; and at the point where the filling tube
element d4.
passes through the plug ¿itl the filling tube is formed
Further forward motion of sleeve 26 and the cylindri
with a plurality of recesses or splines 418 which will in
sure the passage of writing fluid from the reservoir 24
to the writing tip 3l).
The sleeve 26 encloses the writing tip 39 when the foun
cal latching element 84 causes the resilient faces Sd of
the latching element 54 to be depressed inwardly by the
ring §3, exerting pressure upon the small diameter sec
tion 45 of the collar 46.
tain pen is not in use, as illustrated in FIG. l. The for
As shown in FIG. 8, rearward movement of sleeve 26
ward open end 5i) of the sleeve 2.6 is normally closed by
effects engagement of detents 78 in recess Sil. Upon'
a flexible seal 52. The seal S2 has a plurality of radial 55 manual release of sleeve 26, coil spring S8 urges sleeve
slits extending outwardly from the center thereof where
26 forwardly, causing detents 78 to engage the rearward
by the seal may be deformed to pass the writing element
edge of recess Si). Thus, further forward movement of
28 and filling tube 32 therethrough. The sleeve 26 is
sleeve 26 carries latching element 8d» forward to a point,
formed of two parts, a gripping section S4 which is
where the forward edge 90 thereof abuts stop ‘76, which,
threaded into a barrel section 56. The juncture of the 60 as already described, is fixed in plug di?, and the rearward
gripping section 54 and barrel section 56 is ornamented
edges 87 of the resilient faces S6 of latching element S4
by a metallic ring 5S. The barrel section 56 is slidably
move to a position forward of the small diameter 45 of
mounted on the main barrel portion 22 and a shell 60 is
the collar ¿i6 and also move inwardly contacting the small
mounted on the main barrel portion 22, sa’d shell being
diameter cylindrical portion 7‘7 of the stop ’76. Thus,
formed of metal or other suitable material. The main bar
the
sleeve is restrained against further forward movement
65
rel portion 22 has a reduced outer diameter at its forward
under the influence of the spring 88, and the writing tip
end whereby an annular recess 62. is defined which re
3b remains exposed for use. The writing element is illus
ceives the rearward portion of the barrel section 56 of
trated in the writing position in FlG. 9 with the detents
sleeve 26. Thus, the sleeve 26 may be axially shifted
'ïä in engagement with the rearward edge of recess Sii
on the main barrel portion 22 to expose the writing tip 70 and the forward edge 9i) of latching element 84 abutting
3d in a manner which will be described hereinafter.
the stop '76.` The springs 74 and d8 are thus maintained',
Referring now to FIG. 7, the first step in the actuation
under compression while the writing element 28 is in the
of the mechanism is illustrated. When the writer wishes
writing position. As shown in PEG. 10, when conditioned,AV
to expose the writing tip 36 for use he presses the main
for writing, or when in the oxerextended position, the:
barrel portion 22 and sleeve 2o together in a familiar
rearward edges 87 of the resilient faces 36 of the latchf
5
i»
ing element 34 contact the forward edge 49 of the small
diameter portion ¿i5 of the collar 46.
and plug 94. Sac 124 is ot a generally cylindrical shape
secured in a telescoping tube N8. Tube 10S has a deco
rative cap llt) secured to the rearward end thereof by
machine screw §32 whereby the tube ll'iâ and cap il@
may be manually rotated and actuated together.
As illustrated best in FIG. 4, the plug lltltl is provided
with a plurality of vent holes lil-l'. The central aperture
in plug loll is generally square and the pin 152 has .a cor
responding cross section. The plug lllêìl is fixed in the
mechanisms. The use of the capillary space between
the ‘two elements for fluid feeding may also clearly be
employed in other fountain pen structures.
sealed at its rearward end in plug lll@ and at its forward
When it is desired to retract the writing tip to the sealed
end in plug 9d». Tous, as the tube 108 moves rearwardly
position, the sleeve is once again manually actuated to
and the sac l2@ is partially collapsed, air is drawn into
produce the overextension of the writing element illus 5 the space 126 created thereby and this air is drawn up
trated in FlG. 8 and the overextension of the latching ele
wardly through the filling tube 32 through a transverse
ment iid illustrated in FIG. l0. A slidable sleeve 92 is
aperture 12S formed in the filling tube and through a
disposed within insert à?, mounted on sleeve 26 and mov
plurality of vent apertures 38 formed in the rearward plug
able between predetermined limits. rille limits are de
36. Thus, tluid is drawn upwardly through tube 32 and
termined by the rearward liange 91 of insert 82 and a ring 10 into the capillary mass 42 where it remains in capillary
93 which is forced within the forward end of insert 82.
suspension. The tluid will move forwardly in the capil»
Overextension of writing element 28 forces detents 73 in
lary mass 42 upon successive depressions of cap 110
wardly as they slide forwardly onto sleeve 92 and thus
whereby the capillary mass may be completely charged
sleeve 92 rides rearwardly with the detents 78 of latching
with fluid by a plurality of actu'at-ions of the cap;
element dd- to a point where the sleeve 92 abuts rearward 15
The pen is then reconditioned for writing by reversing
flange 9d. As the forward edge 9b' of sleeve 84 remains
'the steps described above. The cap litt is forced in
wardly toward the main body portion 22 and threaded
in abutment with stop 7-5, further forward movement of
sleeve Zo produces relative rearward movement of the
Iinto engagement with pin lill. Rotation of cap llo draws
latching sleeve Éd» whereby detents 78 slide onto flange 91. _ filling tube 32 rearwardly to the position illustrated in
rl`hus, release of the sleeve will return the parts to the 20 FiG. 9 and the pen is in condition for writing. Then,
positions illustrated in FlG. 1. Subsequent manual
Ias already described, the Writing element may be shifted
actuation of the sleeve 25 and barrel portion will again
between the concealed and the writing position by selec
position the writing element for use in the manner already
it-ive operation of the barrel and sleeve mechanism.
described.
A pocket clip 23€? :of a conventional type is provided
To facilitate filling the capillary reservoir 24, the lilling
and is secured in the metal shell 6d in a conventional
tube 32 is extensible relative to the writing element 23.
manner.
The extension of filling tube 32 is accomplished by the
Various changes and modifications of the basic struc
mechanism disposed in the main barrel portion 22 rear
ture described herein will immediately appear ‘to one
wardly of the reservoir 24. A shaped plug 94 is inserted
'skilled in this art. For example, the advantages of the
in the rearward end of filling tube 32 and a coil spring 96 30 unique forced filling device described above may be
normally urges the plug 94 and consequently the filling
employed with conventional fountain pens and with
tube 32 forwardly relative to the main body portion 22,
fountain pens which do not employ an extensible filling
reservoir 2d- and writing clement 2S fixed thereto. The
tube. However, it will appear that the full advantages
coil spring 9e is compressed between a collar g8 formed
of this forced hlling ltechnique are obtained in a loun
on plug 9d and an apertured annular ring 1Gb secured
tain pen using a capillary reservoir and an extensible
against a shoulder lë'f. formed in the main body portion
filling tube.
22. An operating pin 102 is slidably mounted in a cen~
Also the concept of ytwo concentric cylinders, one of
tral aperture in ring fritti and is secured to plug 9d. Pin
which comprises a writing element to provide improved
lil?.
an enlarged threaded portion lll-’i which is in
-tluid feeding and `the other, a iilling tube, may be em
engagement with a correspondingly threaded insert lilo 40 ployed with other forms or“ reservoir types and filling
The various means described above are clearly ex
emplary and only one particular embodiment of the in
vention.
Other nib means, reservoir means, mechanical
means for extending »and retractîng the writing point,
mechanical means for extending and retracting -the filling
main barrel portion 22 and thus the pin lill, plug 94, and
tube, pressure means for filling the reservoir, and the like
filling tube
are restrained »against rotation relative to 50 may be provided without departing from the rspirit and
the main body. Rotation of cap il@ thus produces rela
scope of this invention. For example, while the gener-al
tive axial movement of the cap and the pin im because
discussion above refers to a rearwardly vented reservoir,
of the threaded engagement of the parts, and this axial
it will be apparent that this language is properly con
movement produces a forward extension of the filling tube
strued to include any longitudinal reservoir means vented
3?. under the influence of spring 96.
at a point opposite the writing tip whereby writing iiuid
FIGS. ll and 11A illustrate the preferred embodiment
may be discharged to the tip, irrespective of the possible
of this invention with the -ñlling tube 32 in the extended
'tortuous shape of ‘the reservo-ir or `any connecting tubes
position. in the fully extended position, as can Ibe seen
yor passages.
in HG. 11A, the enlarged threaded portion litri of pin
Without further elaboration, the foregoing will so
itt?, engages plug ldd, limiting «forward motion ot' the 60 fully explain the character of my invention that others
filling tube 32 under the influence of spring 96. Further
may, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt the
rotary motion of cap 1lb will provide rearward movement
same for use under varying conditions of service, while
of the cap and tube lille whereby the tube is freed from
retaim'ng certain features which may properly be said
threaded engagement with pin M2. When so freed, the
to constitute the essential items of novelty involved,
cap and tube are immediately urged rearwardly by com 65 which items are intended to be defined and secured to
pressed coil spring llo to a position where further rear
me by the following claims.
ward movement is prevented by engagement of a lianged
l claim:
portion llë of tube ltìS .against a shoulder l2@ formed
1. A fountain pen comprising »a barrel assembly hav
in the main barrel portion ZZ.
ing an open forward end, a cartridge unit disposed within
A. circular sealing ring 122 is disposed in a recess in 70 said barrel assembly, said cartridge unit including a iluid
the main barrel portion 22 and engages tube 19E to pro
reservoir having means therein defining communicating
vide a pneumatic seal. Thus, as the tube 10S moves
capillary spaces and rearwardly disposed vent means, a
forwardly extending filling tube of noncapillary dimen
rearwardly to the position shown in FIG. l2 the expansion
of the chamber defined thereby causes partial collapse of
sions in iluid communication with ysaid reservoir, said
a resilient iiexible sac 124 which surrounds spring 96
vent means providing communication between said res
ace-aise
7
closely fitting but spaced apart along the entire length
ervoir and said fil-ling tube, =a tubular writing element hav
ing `a writing tip coaxial with and surrounding said filling
tube, said filling «tube and writing element being substan
tially yaxially aligned with said open forward end and
spaced apart yalong the entire length thereof to define a
thereof to define a generally cylindrical longitudinal
capillary path therebetween from said reservoir to said
writing tip, said filling tube and said writing element being
axially shiftable relative to one another, and means for
producing limited relative axial movement between said
generally cylindrical longitudinal capillary path therebe
filling tube and said writing element, said capillary path
tween from said reservoir to said writing tip, and means
comprising a fluid feed path between said reservoir and
mounted in said barrel for partially evacuating said res~
said writing tip irrespective of the relative positions of
ervoir, said means defining a chamber rearwardly dis
posed in said barrel assembly and in communication with 10 said writing element and said filling tube.
5. A fountain pen cartridge unit for receiving, storing
said vent means, said chamber having means defining
and feeding writing fluid comprising a fluid reservoir, a
a passage to 'the atmosphere, a flexible member dividing
forwardly extending generally cylindrical ñlling tube in
said chamber into a first space in communication with
fluid communication with said reservoir for receiving
said vent means and filling tube and a second space in
writing fluid and filling said reservoir, a generally cylin
communication with said passage, telescoping pneumatic
drical writing element fixed to the forward end of said
ycylinder means for closing said passage, partially evacuat
reservoir and extending forwardly therefrom having a
iug said second space, spring means normally urging said
writing tip coaxial with and surrounding said filling tube,
telescoping cylinder cans to the extended position, and
said filling tube and writing element being substantially
manual control means to selectively lock said telescop»
ing cylinder means in the collapsed position.
2. A fountain pen comprising »a barrel assembly, a
cartridge unit disposed Within said barrel assembly, said
cartridge unit including fa fluid reservoir having means
therein defining communicating capillary spaces and rear
20
axially aligned and closely fitting but spaced apart along
the entire length thereof to deñne a generally cylindrical
longitudinal capillary path therebetween from said res
ervoir to said writing tip, said »filling tube and said
writing element being axially shiftable relative to one an
wardly disposed vent means, a forwardly extending gen‘ 25 other, and means for producing limited relative axial
movement between said filling tube
said writing
erally cylindrical filling tube of noncapillary dimensions
element, said capillary path comprising a fluid feed path
i-n communication with lthe rearward portion of said
between said reservoir and said writing tip irrespective of
reservoir, land »a generally cylindrical writing element hav
the relative positions of said writing element and said
ing a forward writing tip coaxial with and surrounding
said ñlling tube to define la generally cylindrical capillary 30 filling tube.
6. A fountain pen comprising a barrel assembly having
fluid path therebetween for feeding fluid from the for
ward end of :said reservoir to said writing tip, and means
mounted in said barrel for partially evacuating said res
rvoir, said means defining a chamber rearwardly dis
posed iu said barrel A'assembly and in communication with
said vent means, said chamber having means defining a
passage to the atmosphere, a flexible member dividing said
chamber into a first space in communication with said
Vent means and a second space »in communication with
said passage, telescoping pneumatic cylinder means for
closing said passage and partially evacuating said second
space, spring means normally urging said telescoping cyl
inder means to the extended position, and manual con
trol means to selectively lock `said telescoping cylinder
means in the collapsed position.
3. A fountain pen comprising a barrel assembly, a
fluid reservoir within said barrel assembly having means
therein defining communicating capillary spaces and rear~
wardly disposed vent means, a »forwardly extending gen
erally cylindrical filling tube of noncapillary dimensions
in communication with the rearward portion of said reser
voir and axially movable in said barrel assembly, a gen
an open forward end and a cartridge unit disposed within
said barrel assembly, said cartridge unit including a
fluid reservoir, a forwardly extending generally cylin
drical fi ling tube in fluid communication with said re
servoir and having external dimensions substantially less
than the outside diameter of said barrel assembly, and
a generally cylindrical writing element having a thin
wall with inside dimensions slightly greater than said
filling tube and having a writing tip coaxial with and
surrounding said filling tube, said filling tube and writing
element being substantially axially aligned within said
open forward end and spaced apart along the entire
length thereof to define a generally cylindrical longitu
dinal capillary path therebetween from said reservoir to
said Writing tip, said filling tube defining an internal
filling passageway between said reservoir and the forward
end of said filling tube and being axially shiftable rela
tive to said writing element between a forward filling
position in which the forward end of said ñlling tube is
forwardly of said writing tip and a rearward position
in which said forward end is within said writing element,
erally cylindrical writinfr element having a forward writing
said writing element and said filling tube being shiftable
passage, telescoping pneumatic cylinder means for closing
said passage, partially evacuating said second space and
eating capillary spaces and rearwardly disposed veut
means, a forwardly extending filling tube of noncapillary
together relative to and through said open forward end
tip in fluid communication with said reservoir, and means
mounted in said barrel for partially evacuating said reser 55 between and extended position beyond said barrel as
sembly and a concealed position within said barrel as
voir, said means defining a chamber rearwardly disposed
sembly.
in said barrel assembly and in communication with said
7. A fountain pen comprising a barrel assembly having
vent means, said chamber having means defining a passage
an open forward end and a cartridge unit disposed within
to the atmosphere, a flexible member dividing said cham
ber into a ñrst space in communication with said vent 60 said barrel assembly, said cartridge unit including a
fluid reservoir having means therein defining communi
means and a second space in communication with said
dimensions in fluid communication with said
spring means normally urging said telescoping cylinder
means to the extended position, and manual control means 65 and having external dimensions substantially
the outside diameter of said barrel assembly,
to selectively lock said telescoping cylinder means to said
means providing communication between said
filling tube in the collapsed position.
reservoir
less than
said vent
reservoir
4. A fountain pen cartridge unit for receiving, storing
and feeding Writing fluid comprising a fluid reservoir, a
and said filling tube, and a generally cylindrical writing
writing fluid and filling said reservoir, a generally cylin
drical writing element having a writing tip coaxial with
and surrounding said filling tube, said filling tube and
tube and writing element being substantially axially
aligned with said open forward end and spaced apart
element having a thin wall with inside dimensions slightly
forwardly extending generally cylindrical filling tube in 70 greater than said filling tube and having a writing tip
coaxial with and surrounding said filling tube, said filling
fluid communication with said reservoir for receiving
along the entire length thereof to define a generally
writing element being substantially axially aligned and 75 cylindrical longitudinal capillary path therebetween from
3,077,185
said reservoir to said writing tip, said filling tube defining
an internal filling passageway between said reservoir and
the forward end of said filling tube and being axially
shiftable relative to said barrel assembly and writing ele
ment between a forward filling position in which the for
ward end of said filling tube is forwardly of said writing
tip and a rearward position, said writing element and said
having means defining a passage to the atmosphere, a
-fiexible member dividing said chamber into a first space
in communication with said vent means and a second
space in communication with said passage, and telescop
ing pneumatic cylinder means for closing said passage,
partially evacuating said second space.
l0. A fountain pen comprising a -harrel section, a
filling tube being shiftable together relative to and
cartridge unit disposed within said barrel section, said
through said open forward end between an extended
position beyond said barrel assembly and a concealed
cartridge unit including a fluid reservoir having means
therein defining communicating capillary spaces and rear
wardly disposed vent means, a forwardly extending filling.
tube of noncapillary dimensions having external dimen
sions substantially less than the outside diameter of said
position within said barrel assembly.
8. A fountain pen comprising a barrel assembly having
an open forward end, a cartridge unit disposed within said
barrel assembly, said cartridge unit including a fiuid reser
voir having means therein defining communicating capil
lary spaces and rearwardly disposed vent means, a for
wardly extending filling tube of noncapillary dimensions
`barrel assembly in fiuid communi-cation with said reser
voir through said vent means, said vent means provid
ing communication between said reservoir and said fill~
ing tube, and a generally cylindrical writing element hav
ing a thin wall with inside dimensions slightly ‘greater
ternal dimensions substantially less than the outside di
than said filling tube and having a writing tip coaxial
ameter of said barrel assembly, said vent means provid 20 with and surrounding said filling tube, said tube and writ
ing communication between said reservoir and said filling
ing element being spaced apart along the entire length
tube, a generally cylindrical writing element having a thin
thereof to define a generally cylindrical longitudinal
wall with inside dimensions slightly greater than said
capillary path therebetween from said reservoir to said
filling tube and having a writing tip coaxial with and
writing tip, body sleeve means mounted on said barrel
surrounding said filling tube, said filling tube and writing 25 portion to comprise a barrel assembly having an open
element being substantially axially aligned with said open
forward end, said writing element and 'filling tube being
forward end and spaced apart along the entire length
axially shiftable together relative to and through said
thereof to define a generally cylindrical longitudinal
open forward end between an extended position beyond
capillary path therebetween from said reservoir to said
said lbarrel assembly and a concealed position within
writing tip, and means mounted in said barrel for par 30 said barrel assembly, said filling tube being longitudinally
tially evacuating said reservoir, said means defining a
shiftable relative to said writing tip between a forward
chamber rearwardly disposed in said barrel assembly
filling postion and a rearward position within said writ
in 4fluid communication with said reservoir and having ex
and in communication with said vent means, said cham
ing element, and means mounted in said barrel for partial
ber having means defining a passage to the atmosphere, a
ly evacuating said reservoir, said means defining a charn
flexible member dividing said chamber into a first space 35 Aber rearwardly disposed in said barrel assembly and in
in communication with said vent means and a second
communication with said vent means, said chamber hav
space in communication with said passage, and means
ing means defining a passage to the atmosphere, a flexi
for partially evacuating said second space.
ble member dividing said chamber into a first space in
9. A fountain pen comprising a barrel assembly having
communication with said vent means and a second space
an open forward end, a cartridge unit disposed within 40 in communication with said passage, telescoping pneu
said barrel assembly, said cartridge unit including a fiuid
matic cylinder means for closing said passage and partial
reservoir having means therein defining communicating
capillary spaces and rearwardly disposed vent means, a
forwardly extending Ifilling tube of noncapillary dimen
ly evacuating said second space, spring means normally
urging said telescoping cylinder means to the extended
position, and manual control means to selectively lock
sions in fluid communication with said reservoir and hav 45 said telescoping cylinder means in the collapsed position.
ing external dimensions substantially less than the out
side diameter of said barrel assembly, said vent means
providing communication between said reservoir and fill
ing tube, a generally cylindrical writing element having
a thin wall with inside dimensions slightly greater than 50
said filling tube and having a writing tip coaxial with
and surrounding said filling tube, said filling turbe and
writing element being substantially axially aligned with
said open forward end and spaced apart along the entire
length thereof to define a generally cylindrical longitu 55
dinal capillary path therebetween from said reservoir to
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UNITED STATES PATENTS
2,362,948
2,610,612
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2,724,366
2,769,427
in communication with said vent means, said chamber 60
1944
1952
2,784,699
1953
1953
1955
v1956
Sheaffer _____________ _- Mar. l2, 1957
21,631
Great Britain ______________ __ of 1908
822,691
«France ______________ _.- Sept. 27, 1937
said writing up, and means mounted in said barrel for
partially evacuating said reservoir, said means defining a
chamber rearwardly disposed in said barrel assembly and
Teague et al .......... __ Nov. 14,
Martin ______________ _.- Sept. 16,
Gottlieb ______________ __ .lune 2,
`Burchett ............. _.. Aug. 18,
Miessner ____________ _.. Nov. 22,
Martín ______________ -_ Nov. 6,
FOREIGN PATENTS