Brics reach deal on development bank

The Brics grouping of emerging powers have reached a deal to establish a development bank that would rival Western-backed institutions.

"It's done," Finance Minister Pravin Gordhan said after meeting with his counterparts from Brazil, Russia, India and China. "We made very good progress, the leaders will announce the details," he added, just hours before a summit in the South African port city of Durban.

The bank is likely to focus on infrastructure financing, a direct challenge to seven decades of dominance by the World Bank.

It is the first time since the inaugural Brics summit four years ago that the group matches rhetorical demands for a more equitable global order with concrete steps.

Together the Brics account for 25% of global gross domestic product (GDP) and 40% of the world's population. But members say institutions like the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the United Nations Security Council are not changing fast enough reflect their new-found clout. In the face of competing policy demands, Brics negotiators had been under pressure to come up with an agreement that proves the grouping is relevant. And to reach a deal that would send a strong message to the United States and Europe that the current balance of power is untenible.

But an Indian diplomat involved in the talks told Agence France-Presse many of the details are likely to be left for another day, allowing leaders to announce a deal, however tentative.

The bank is not likely to be up and running for years. Brazil's central bank chief also told AFP there was also good progress made on a deal to establish currency swap lines, which is likely to be worth in the region of $100-billion. "We are working on it," said Alexandre Tombini. The fund would be used to draw on in times of liquidity or other crises and to encourage trade. Securing both deals is a thumb in the eye to those who argue the Brics is little more than a talking shop for disgruntled nations.
It is also a boon for Brics leaders many who have tethered their reputations to a deal.

Meanwhile host President Jacob Zuma has lauded the summit as a means of addressing his country's chronic economic problems including high unemployment. "Brics provides an opportunity for South Africa to promote its competitiveness," Zuma said in a speech on the eve of the summit.
"It is an opportunity to move further in our drive to promote economic growth and confront the challenge of poverty, inequality and unemployment that afflicts our country."

But the Brics nay-sayers are unlikely to be dissuaded. "Ironically it may be the cleavages within the Bric grouping that more accurately hint at the future of the global order: tensions between China and Brazil on trade, India on security, and Russia on status highlight the difficulty Beijing will have in staking its claim to global leadership," said Daniel Twining of the German Marshall Fund.

Leaders will try to counter that view when the summit begins at 17:30 GMT, when more details of the Brics development bank are likely to be known.

Diplomats say it could start with $10-billion seed money from each country, but the exact role of the bank is up for debate. Indian officials have pressed for a Brics-led South-South development bank, recycling budget surpluses into investment in developing countries. Many developing nations inside and outside Brics will hope that is a way of tapping China's vast financial resources.

Meanwhile China would no doubt like the bank to invest in trade-multiplying projects. The currency swaps would open the door for Brics countries to tap some of China's massive $3.31-trillion foreign reserves, the world's largest. Brazil also signed a bilateral accord with China to promote trade in their national currencies.

Brics leaders will also establish business and think-tank councils and launch an investigation into how trade can be more balanced, with other Brics countries exporting more to China.

With Syria's two-year long civil war escalating through the suspected use of chemical weapons, Brics leaders will also have to weigh a call from President Bashar al-Assad to intervene. In a message to the summit leaders Assad asked "for intervention by the Brics to stop the violence in his country and encourage the opening of a dialogue, which he wishes to start," said his senior adviser Bouthaina Shaaban after he delivered the message to South African President Jacob Zuma.
(Mail&Guardian)