to the EU average. Table 1. R&D spending as percentage of GDP in the Netherlands ... Table 1. R&D spending as percentage of GDP in the Netherlands by sector of performance Gross domestic spending 2.211a on R&D Business3 Government 0.37b Higher ... on R&D as a percentage of GDP is below the EU average. This result confirms

partly due to decreases in major R&D spending countries as France and the Netherlands ... new knowledge is created in or near R&D laboratories. The R&D intensity is above 2% of GDP in only 3 countries: Finland, Sweden and Switzerland. The average R&D ... 2.1.1 Business R&D expenditures (% of GDP) Business R&D expenditure as % of GDP Indicator Normalised scores Normalised scores Indicator MKRSCYBGGRLV PLROLT SKTRMTHREE IT HUES PT NL CZNOUK IE SI LU EUBE FR IS DEAT DKCHSE FI Statistical outliers

’s number of TTIs is more than four times higher than its R&D spendings relative ... to their PRO expenditures on R&D 38 (see Figures 23 and 24), which may be considered ... where the presence of TTIs more or less corresponds to their level of R&D

and the Czech Republic are the countries where public support for Research and Development ... States where most enterprises investing in Research and Development received public ... for Research and Development activities with companies in industry appearing to be more fortunate here

Figure 3 - Total R&D-expenditure 1997 in percent of GDP in different countries Sweden Korea Finland Japan Switzerland USA Germany France Netherlands Denmark United Kingdom Percent Business sector Universities Public authorities Private non-profit ... and simultaneously very high R&D-spending in Sweden, primarily by Swedish industry ... and interests. Here, it is necessary to consider the particular profile of the Swedish R&D-system, dominated on the one hand by around ten large R&D-intensive multinational

Table 3 shows correlation results between R&D expenditures (GERD) as a % of GDP ... between the year for per capita GDP and the year for the R&D intensity. The largest lag is 13 ... in 1996 are most likely due to the fact that for less countriesR&D data

is too weak partly due to decreases in major R&D spending countries as France ... of non–R&D innovation expenditures has increased most in Croatia, Netherlands ... Growth performance The Innovation Union has renewed the 3% R&D target towards