Bābā Jān Ḥāfiẓ-i Turbatī

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Bābā Jān Ḥāfiẓ-i Turbatī (d. 944/1537), a prominent calligrapher of nastaʿlīq, who was also a poet and musician. He was the son of Ḥāfiẓ ʿAbd al-ʿAlī Turbatī and brother of the noted singer Ḥāfiẓ Qāsim; the Turbatī family was originally from Zāwah (Turbat-i Ḥaydariyya) in Khurāsān. During the reign of the Tīmūrid ruler of Herat, Sulṭān-Ḥusayn Bāyqarā (r. 873–911/1469–1506), his father Ḥāfiẓ ʿAbd al-ʿAlī, ¶ along with the family members, travelled to Herat and became attached to the Tīmūrid court (Budāq Qazwīnī, 4/2…