Keating, an Arizona resident, was known for his role as head of California-based Lincoln Savings and Loan, whose 1989 collapse at the time ranked as the costliest thrift crash in U.S. history. It cost U.S. taxpayers $3.4 billion, according to the New York Times.

Keating came to represent everything wrong with the once-booming savings and loan industry, as the collapse of Lincoln had a domino effect that sent thrifts into bankruptcy across the U.S.

The collapse of Lincoln had links to several U.S. senators, who came to be known as "The Keating Five" after they were accused of lobbying federal banking regulators on behalf of Keating. He was a heavy contributor to their campaigns.

All but Cranston, who was censored by the committee and later chose not to run for re-election, were subsequently exonerated of any wrongdoing.

In the case of McCain, a former Republican presidential nominee and the only one of "The Keating Five" who is still in the Senate, the ethics committee found he used poor judgment.

Keating was convicted by a federal jury in 1993 of securities fraud and other charges in connection with the Lincoln Savings and Loan crash. But the judge in that case later overturned the conviction based on concerns the jury might have been tainted.

In 1999, he pleaded guilty to fraud charges and was sentenced to 50 months - the time he had already spent in federal prison.

Keating came to Arizona from his native Ohio, where he was known as a crusader against pornography.

After his release from prison, Keating separated from his longtime wife, Mary, and lived a relatively low-profile life in Phoenix, where he stayed for many years at a compound owned by a son-in-law, former Olympic swim medalist and eye surgeon Gary Hall Sr.

Keating is survived by his wife, son, four of his daughters and grandchildren.