How a Septic Tank Works

To say that septic tanks aren’t exactly the most glamorous topic is something of an understatement. However, despite their lack of glamour, septic tanks are very important in maintaining the hygiene levels of a property and ensuring that there are no outbreaks of unpleasant and dangerous materials. But how exactly does a septic tank work? This article will look at the mechanics and functions of a septic tank to give you a better understanding of the job they do.

Mechanics and Functions of a Septic Tank

For a septic system to work correctly, it relies on the presence of bacteria. The bacteria helps the water flow through the system and percolate into the earth by breaking down waste, making the water cleaner. It follows several steps:

Waste flows to the septic tank.

The watery waste, or ‘effluent’, fills the tank, and the anaerobic bacteria break down any organic material present.

Any inorganic solids and all byproducts of bacterial digestion form a layer of sludge at the bottom of the tank.

Fats, grease and oils float to the top, forming a layer of scum. This process separates the different materials and allows the heavier solids to sink to the bottom.

A filter is used to prevent most solids from entering the pipe and potentially blocking it.

Effluent flows into the drainfield. The purpose of the drainfield is to allow bacteria to work their magic and the treated, clean water will seep into the ground.

Using holes in the drain pipe, effluent flows into surrounding gravel, which facilitates the flow of water into soil and oxygen to bacteria.

In the gravel and soil, aerobic bacteria break down what is left of the waste.

Clean water seeps into the groundwater and aquifer.

Septic Tank Maintenance

A properly maintained septic tank provides an invaluable function to properties of all times, ensuring your property stays as hygienic as possible at all times. The breaking down of waste and the feeding of clean water into your soil also yields many benefits for grass and vegetation.

It is important that you arrange for regular maintenance and servicing of your septic tank, as a broken one can lead to serious consequences. As well as being incredibly unpleasant, a wastewater leak is very hazardous to the health and safety of those in your house and possibly your neighbours.