Europe’s top anti-trust watchdog agency — the European Commission — accused McDonald’s last year of signing special deals with Luxembourg that allowed it to shift profits around to avoid paying taxes on the royalties it collects from franchise restaurants in Europe and Russia.

McDonald’s said it is cooperating with the French authorities. It said previously that it complies with all tax rules in Europe and paid more than $2.1 billion in corporate taxes to European countries between 2010 and 2014.

European officials are becoming more aggressive in pursuing corporate tax investigations and have already gone after a number of other big American companies, including Starbucks(SBUX), Fiat Chrysler (FCAM), Apple (AAPL, Tech30) and Amazon (AMZN, Tech30).

This is part of a larger global effort to crack down on tax avoidance.