Card Range To Study

36 Cards in this Set

The persostnece of learning overtime through storage and retreival of information.

Flashbulb memory

a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event

encoding

the processing of info into the memory system-- for example, by extracting meaning

storage

the retention of encoded info over time

retrieval

the process of getting info out of memory storage

sensory memory

the immediate, initial recording of sensory info in the mempry system

short-term memory

activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the 7 digits of a phone # while dialing, before the info is stored. WORKING MEMORY is a similar concept that focuses more on the processing of briefly stored info.

long-term memory

the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system.

automative processing

unconscious encoding of incidental info, such as space, time, and frequency of well-learned info, such as word meanings

effortful processing

encoding that requires attention and conscious effort

rehersal

the conscious repetition of info, wither to maintain it in consciousness or the encode it for storage

spacing effect

the tendency for distributed study or practice to yeild better long term retnetion that is acheived through massed study or practice

a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second

echoic memory

a momentary sensory memory of ausitory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds

long-term potentiation (LTP)

an increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. Believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory.

amnesia

the loss of memory

implicit memory

retention independent of conscious recollection, also called the procedural memory.

explicit memory

memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare." aka declaravive memory

hippocampus

a neural center located in the limbic system that helps process explicit memories for storage.

recall

a measure of memory in which the person must retrieve info learned earlier, as on a fill-in-the-blank test.

recognition

a measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned, as on a multiple choice test.

relearning

a memory measure that assesses the amount of timed saved when learning the material for a second time.

priming

the activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory.

deja vu

the eerie sense that "Ive experienced this before." Cues from the current situation may subconsciously trigger retreival of an earlier experience.

mood-congruent memory

the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood.

proactive interference

the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new info.

retractive learning

the disruptive affect of new learning on the recall of old info.

misinformation effect

incorporating misleading info inot one's memory of an event.

source amnesia

attributing to the wrong source an event that we have experienced, heard about, read about or imagined. (aka source misattribution) This along with teh misinformation effect, is at the heart of many false memories.