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Xinhua said the probe, dubbed “Xiaofei” (little flyer) on social
media, took “some incredible pictures” of the Earth and the moon. It is
the first trip around the moon and back since US and Russian flights of
the 1970s, 40 years ago.

Prior to re-entering the Earth’s atmosphere the unnamed probe had
been travelling at 11.2 kilometres per second (25,000 miles per hour), a
speed that can generate temperatures of more than 1,500C (2,700F), the
news agency reported.

To slow it down scientists let the craft “bounce” off Earth’s atmosphere before re-entering again and landing.

The probe’s mission was to travel to the moon, fly around it and head
back to Earth, said the the state science and technology agency,
Sastind. The module went 413,000km from Earth at its furthest point.

The mission was launched to test technology to be used in the
Chang’e-5, China’s fourth lunar probe, which aims to gather and return
samples from the surface in 2017.

The military-run space project has plans for a permanent orbiting station by 2020 and eventually to send a human to the moon.

China currently has a robotic rover, Yutu (Jade Rabbit), on the moon.
It landed on 14 December 2013 and completed parts of its mission before
grinding to a halt on 25 January 2014 due to equipment failure.

China plans to land on the moon by 2017

The Moon. UPI/Ismael Mohamad.

BEIJING, Nov. 1 (UPI) -- China has successfully completed it's first mission to the moon and back and plans to land on the moon by 2017.

An unmanned spacecraft flew around the moon and then returned by landing in the grasslands of Mongolia, according to state news agency Xinhua.
The unmanned craft traveled at roughly 25,000 miles per hour on its
return trip before it entered Earth's atmosphere and reached
temperatures of almost 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit.

China is now the third country to go to the moon and back, after Russia and the United States.

China's
State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National
Defense (SASTIND) claims their Chang'e-5 unmanned probe will land on the
moon in 2017 to collect samples from the surface.

China plans to
eventually land a man on the moon, something that hasn't been done in
about 42 years. The country plans to build its own space station by
2020.

On 24 October, China launched
Chang'E-5-T1. The unmanned spacecraft is set to fly around the Moon
then release a capsule that will return to Earth at the end of the month
in order to test this phase for a future mission to return samples.

Launch of the Chang'E-5-T1 mission on top a CZ-3C rocket from Xichang base in China on 24 October.Credit: CNSA

The Chinese lunar programme continues to progress in stages. After
sending 2 spacecraft around the Moon, on 14 December 2013, the Chinese
space agency, CNSA (China National Space Administration) landed its
Chang'E-3 lander in the Mare Imbrium on our natural satellite. The
spacecraft was carrying the Yutu rover that surveyed the lunar surface
until it was immobilised due to a malfunction in January 2014.

The
next exploration mission planned in the programme is Chang'E-4 which
must also complete an automatic landing, expected in 2015. Despite its
name, ChangíE-5-T1 is still part of the chronology of the Chinese
programme, this flight is in fact a partial technological test for the
Chang'E-5 mission (without the T1) which in 2017 should take samples
from the Moon's surface and bring them back to Earth. Chang'E-5-T1 aims
to test the capsule that will bring the samples back to our planet. A
CZ-3C rocket sent the spacecraft to the Moon, taking-off from the
Xichang Space Centre in the early hours of 24 October (local time).

Chang'E-5-T1 consists of a carrier spacecraft fitted with solar panels
and derived from the DFH-3 platform shared by several Chinese satellites
and which was also used for the Chang’E-1 and 2 missions. However, this
time, there was also a return capsule. Chang’E-5-T1 will not land on
the Moon or collect any samples. The spacecraft will go around our
natural satellite by 27/28 October then, when it is close to Earth, it
will release the capsule so that it re-enters our atmosphere and lands
underneath parachutes on the ground. This landing should take place on
31 October or 1 November.

The return capsule that will be tested during the
Chang'E-5-T1 mission. It is similar to the Shenzhou manned, three-seater
spacecraft, but smaller.Credit : CAST

Thus the CNSA is testing the re-entry phase in real conditions, i.e. at a
speed similar to that of a return from the Moon, which is faster than
from Earth's orbit.

The third stage of the rocket which launched
Chang'E-5-T1 is carrying a small European experiment called 4M.
Developed by the company Lux Space, this is a radio transmitter which
will emit a signal for radio amateurs. Given that the third stage is
also heading to the Moon, this is an opportunity for the radio amateur
community to follow a signal intended for them as the transmitter
travels to our natural satellite. The name 4M stands for Manfred
Memorial Moon Mission in honour of Manfred Fuchs, founder of the OHB
company (satellite manufacturer) who died early this year.
The 4M website: http://moon.luxspace.lu

Mission control based in Beijing during the launch of Chang'E-5-T1.Credit: CNSA

China sent a mission to the moon from the southwestern Xichang satellite launch centre this morningThe spacecraft will fly around the moon on an eight-day missionIt is intended to be a precursor to a mission to the lunar surface in 2017This will return samples back to Earth - only the third nation to do so after the US and RussiaChina also has plans to land people on the moon, possibly beyond 2020

China has launched an experimental spacecraft to fly around the moon and back to Earth.

The
eight-day mission is seen as a test-run for the country's first
unmanned return trip to the lunar surface, which will take place in
2017.

And
if China successfully manages to bring samples back from the moon, they
will be only the third nation to carry out such a mission after the US
and Russia.

Scroll down for video

China sent a mission to the moon from the southwestern Xichang satellite
launch centre this morning (shown). The spacecraft will fly around the
moon on an eight-day mission. It is intended to be a precursor to a
mission to the lunar surface in 2017

The spacecraft lifted off from the southwestern Xichang satellite launch centre early this morning.

It
separated from its carrier rocket and entered Earth orbit shortly
after, the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for
National Defense (Sastind) reported, according to the official Xinhua
News Agency.

'The
first stage of the first return journey test in China's moon probe
programme has been successful,' Sastind said after the launch, from the
Xichang space base in the southwestern province of Sichuan.

The module will be 257,000 miles (413,000 km) from Earth at its furthest point on the eight-day mission.

The
official Xinhua news agency said it would re-enter the atmosphere at
11.2 kilometres per second (25,000 mph) before slowing down - a process
that generates extremely high temperatures - and it will land in
northern China's Inner Mongolia region.

China's
lunar exploration program, named Chang'e after a mythical goddess, has
already launched a pair of orbiting lunar probes and last year landed a
craft on the moon with a rover onboard.

China
has also hinted at a possible crewed mission to the moon at a future
date if officials decide to combine the human spaceflight and lunar
exploration programs.

Xinhua said
the latest mission is to 'obtain experimental data and validate re-entry
technologies such as guidance, navigation and control, heat shield and
trajectory design' for the future moonlander christened Chang'e 5.

It
will return to Earth using a Soviet-designed method in which it will
first bounce off Earth's atmosphere in order to slow it down to allow it
to enter the atmosphere without burning up.

HOW IT WILL LAND ON EARTH

The module will be 257,000 miles (413,000 km) from Earth at its furthest point on the eight-day mission.

The
official Xinhua news agency said it would re-enter the atmosphere at
11.2 kilometres per second (25,000 mph) before slowing down - a process
that generates extremely high temperatures - and it will land in
northern China's Inner Mongolia region.

It
will return to Earth using a Soviet-designed method in which it will
first bounce off Earth's atmosphere in order to slow it down to allow it
to enter the atmosphere without burning up.

China's
military-backed space program is a source of massive national pride,
especially its series of successful manned missions that have placed up
to three astronauts at a time in an experimental orbiting space station
called Tiangong 1.

It
sent its first astronaut into space in 2003, becoming the third nation
after Russia and the US to achieve manned space travel independently.

China
has powered ahead in a series of methodically timed steps, independent
of the American programme, which is now in its sixth decade of putting
people into space and has long-term plans to go to an asteroid and Mars.

Alongside
the manned program, China is developing the Long March 5 heavy-lift
rocket needed to launch a more permanent space station to be called
Tiangong 2.

China's space programme has been picking up speed over the last decade.
They have already sent a handful of astronauts into Earth orbit
including Liu Yang, left, Jing Haipeng, right, and Liu Wang pictured
here in June 2012 on their way to the launch pad

Last year China successfully landed and operated a rover on the moon
called Jade Rabbit, shown. However, it ultimately succumbed to the
bitterly cold lunar nights. China's next mission to the lunar surface in
2017 will lift return samples to Earth