Термостойкие провода и кабели

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High speed steel

Company “Atomtehnology” LTD produces heat-resistant steel, bar, plate P18, P6M5, P9. Heat-resistant steel with high hardness, called high speed steel, fast-cutting or quick-cutting – a group of high-alloy tool steels, which due to composition and special production mode of heat treatment on the secondary hardness have a very high hardness and red hardness up to 550 – 600 ° C. They combine heat resistance (600-700 ˚ C) with high hardness (HRC 63-70) and increased resistance of plastic deformation. As a result high-speed steels was possible to increase cutting speed up to 2-4 times (and the newer steels with intermetallic hardening even at 5-6 times) and increase the resistance of tools in 10-40 times or more compared with the obtained for tool steels of not heat-resistant steel. These advantages are manifested in cutting: with increased rate, while heating the cutting edge, or at a lower speed but with high pressure. To understand the properties and characteristics of their use, it is important that the reduction of hardness HRC 2-4 compared with the maximum obtained may accompanied by deterioration in viscosity, strength and durability. Therefore, high-speed steel should be used condition of high hardness and without work with large dynamic loads.

Heat resistance of fast-cutting created with special alloying and quenching with a very high temperature: 1200-1300 ˚ C. The main alloying elements are tungsten or tungsten with molybdenum. Numerous ofhigh-speed steels it is advisable to distinguish between the main condition: moderate, high, high heat resistance. They began to moderate and high heat resistance have a relatively high carbon content (≥ 0,6-0,7%) and the identic hardening, a secondary hardness creates by release of carbides during tempering.

Fast cutting steels of moderate heat resistance keeps hardness HRC 60 after heating (4 hour) to 615-620 ˚ C. They are suitable for cutting steels and cast iron with a hardness of HB 250-280, so the most construction materials, and used most widely (78-80% of the total production of high speed steels). Typical representatives of this group of steel are R18 and are more efficient alloy: tungsten (steel P12) and tungsten-molybdenum (steel R6M5).

Steel with increased heat resistance are high in carbon, or their alloyed with cobalt addition. They retain the hardness of HRC 60 after heating 630-650 ˚ C. The resistance of tools when used properly of these steels in 1.5-4 times higher than that of a moderate heat resistance of steels.

Steel of high heat resistance retains hardness HRC 60 after heating 700-730 ˚ C. The nature of their work-hardening is fundamentally different – due to separation of intermetallic compounds. These are at the correct destination, such as cutting many hard materials, provide increased stability in the 10-15 times.

Chemical composition of high speed steels (GOST 19265-73)

Steel grade

C

Cr

W

V

Co

Mo

не более

Р18

0,70-0,80

3,8-4,4

17,5-4,4

1,0-1,4

–

0,3

Р12

0,80-0,90

3,1-3,6

12,0-13,0

1,5-1,9

–

0,3

Р9

0,85-0,95

3,8-4,4

8,5-10,0

2,0-2,6

–

0,3

Р6М3

0,85-0,95

3,0-3,6

5,5-6,5

2,0-2,5

–

3,0-3,6

Р18Ф5

0,85-0,95

3,8-4,4

17,5-19,0

1,8-2,4

–

0,5

Р9Ф5

1,40-1,50

3,8-4,4

9,0-10,5

4,3-5,1

–

0,4

Р14Ф4

1,20-1,30

4,0-4,6

13,0-14,5

3,4-4,1

–

0,4

Р9К5

0,90-1,00

3,8-4,4

9,0-10,5

2,0-2,6

5,0-6,0

0,3

Р9К10

0,90-1,00

3,8-4,4

9,0-10,5

2,0-2,6

9,5-10,5

0,3

Р10К5Ф5

1,45-1,55

4,0-4,6

10,0-11,5

4,3-5,1

5,0-6,0

0,3

Р18К5Ф2

0,85-0,95

3,8-4,4

17,5-19,0

1,8-2,4

5,0-6,0

0,5

Notes: 1. The content of Mn, Si and Ni is not more than 0,4%; S and R less than 0.03% (for steels R9F5, R14F4 R10K5F5 allowed up to 0.035% R). Molybdenum content is allowed up to 1% in steel R18 and 0.6% in R9 steel (grade R18M and R9M). With increasing content of Mo in steels R18M and R9M more than 0.3%, the content of W can be reduced (1% Mo replaces 2% W).

Range of high speed steels: Bars hot rolled and blank forging – round and square, a strip; round bars of high surface finish and high dimensional accuracy; cold-rolled strip.

The main properties of high-speed steels

Steel grade

γ

в г/см³

Ас1

Аr1

Temperatureв °С

НВ

Weight % carbide phase

forging

annealing

Р18

8,7

820

760

1200-900

840

207-255

28

Р9

8,3

810

760

1200-900

850

207-255

17

Р12

8,5

810

760

1200-900

840

207-255

23

Р18Ф2

8,7

820

760

1200-900

840

207-269

27

Р9Ф5

8,11

–

–

1180-900

850

207-269

20

Р14Ф4

8,42

–

–

1180-900

850

207-269

22

Р9К5

8,3

–

–

1150-900

850

207-269

17

Р9К10

8,3

–

–

1180-900

850

207-269

16

Р10К5Ф5

8,13

–

–

1180-900

850

207-269

22

Р18К5Ф2

8,2

–

–

1200-900

850

285

25

Р6М5

8,5

–

–

1150-900

840

207-235

20

Р18К8Ф2М

8,7

820

–

1180-900

860

262-270

–

Application of high-speed steels

Steel grade

Features and conditions working of the instrument

Purpose

R18

Tool with high wear resistance, keeps cutting properties when heated during operation up to 600 ° C

Cutters, drills, cutters, reamers, core drills, taps

R9

It works by heating with edge up to 600 ° C, does not require much grinding and sharpening. It is possible application of hot plastic deformation and induction hardening

Cutters, drills, cutters, saws, tools for working wood, hacksaws

R12

It works by heating rezhuyuschey edge up to 600 ° C, a significant amount of grinding is possible. You can use the hot plastic deformation

Cutter tool, drills, cutters, reamers, broaches, screw-thread die

R6М5

It works by heating up to 580-600 ° C, with high feed at high mechanical and impact loads. It is possible application method of hot plastic deformation

Cutters, worm cutters, drills, broaches, machine taps

R18F2

Instrument with increased performance compared with steels R9 and R18 performance and durability in the processing of materials of medium hardness, stainless and heat resisting alloys

–

R9F5

Tool with high wear resistance, working on finishing operations with a few feeds in the processing of steels of high hardness, high-temperature alloys, plastics, fibers, hard rubber. Bad polished

Broaches, reamers

R14F4

Tool with higher wear resistance of materials for processing of extra-strong and high-temperature alloys, and plastics with solids. Bad polished

Cutters, milling, hobbing cutter, segments for saws

R9K5

R9К10

Tool with high performance as compared to steel R18, red hardness and hot hardness to handle high-temperature, titanium alloys and other hard materials. Steel is prone to decarburization

Cutters, milling, hobbing cutters, knives, inserts, special drills

R10К5F5

R18К5F2

Tool with high performance, red hardness and wear resistance for processing of hard-to-make materials, heat resistant and titanium alloys. Steels are poorly polished and prone to decarburization

Cutters, hobbing cutter, cutter knives, drill

R18F2К8M

Tool with higher wear resistance and durability for the treatment of titanium and superalloys, stainless and high-strength steels

Cutters, drills, reamers, taps, gear-cutting tools

They are used for production of metal cutting tools, designed for high speed cutting mode. Alloying of high-speed steels with tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and cobalt provides hardness and heat resistance of steel.

Marking of high speed steels:

The number after the letter “R” indicates the average tungsten content (percentage of total weight, in the letter B is ignored). Then, after the letters M, F and K indicate the percentage of molybdenum, vanadium and cobalt.