CANNABIS

INTRODUCTION

Cannabis
is derived from the cannabis plant (cannabis sativa). It grows wild in many of
the tropical and temperate areas of the world.

Cannabis
is a drug that comes from Indian hemp plants such as Cannabis sativa and
Cannabis indica.

EFFECT OF CANNABIS

Cannabis is a
depressant drug.

They slow down
the activity of the central nervous system and the messages going between the
brain and the body.

When large doses
of cannabis are taken it may also produce hallucinogenic effects.

Cannabis Appearance

Leaves from the
cannabis plant are bright green and have a distinctive shape with five or seven
leaflets. The flowering tops and upper leaves are covered in a sticky resin.

Cannabis Also Known As:

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ACTIVE INGREDIENT OF CANNABIS

The
main active ingredient in cannabis is called delta-9 tetrahydro-cannabinol,
commonly known as THC. This
is the part of the plant that gives the “high.”There
is a wide range of THC potency between cannabis products.

Cannabis Is Used In Three Main Forms:

1. Marijuana

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Marijuana
is the most common and least potent form of cannabis. Marijuana is the dried
leaves and flowers of the plant.

It is smoked in hand-rolled cigarettes (joints), or
in a pipe (a bong).

2. Hashish

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Hashish
(“hash”) is dried cannabis resin, usually in the form of a small block. The
concentration of THC in hashish is higher than in marijuana, producing stronger
effects.

It is usually added to tobacco and smoked, or baked
and eaten in foods such as hash cookies.

3. Hash Oil.

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Hash oil is a thick, oily liquid, golden brown to black in colour, which is extracted from cannabis. Hash oil is the strongest form of cannabis.

It is usually spread on the tip or paper of a cigarette and then smoked.

Short-Term Effects of Cannabis

Dryness of the eyes, mouth, and throat;

Feeling of well-being;

Talkativeness;

Drowsiness;

Loss of inhibitions;

Decreased nausea;

Increased appetite;

Loss of co-ordination;

Bloodshot eyes;

Anxiety and paranoia.

Long-Term Effects of Cannabis

Increased risk of respiratory diseases associated
with smoking, including cancer;

Decreased memory and learning abilities;

Decreased motivation in areas such as study, work or
concentration.

Medical Uses

Cannabis
has been used for medical purposes for many centuries. It has been reported
that cannabis may be useful to help conditions such as:

Wasting And Severe Weight Loss, In People With
HIV/AIDS, Cancer, Or Anorexia Nervosa, As It May Be Used As An Appetite
Stimulant.

Nausea And Vomiting, Particularly When Associated
With Chemotherapy.

Pain Relief, For Example In People With Cancer And
Arthritis.

Relief From Symptoms Of Some Neurological Disorders
That Involve Muscle Spasms, Including Multiple Sclerosis And Spinal Cord Injury.

Asthma.

Epilepsy

Glaucoma

Cannabis is consumed in many different ways:

Vaporizer, which heats any form of cannabis to
165–190 °C (329–374 °F), causing the active ingredients to evaporate into A
vapor without burning the plant material (the boiling point of THC is 157 °C
(315 °F) at 760 mmhg pressure).

Smoking, which typically involves burning and
inhaling vaporized cannabinoids (“smoke”) from small pipes, bongs
(portable versions of hookahs with A water chamber), paper-wrapped joints or
tobacco-leaf-wrapped blunts, etc.

Cannabis tea, which contains relatively small conc.
Of THC because THC is an oil (lipophilic) and is only slightly water-soluble
(with A solubility of 2.8 mg per liter).

Cannabis is added as an ingredient to one of A
variety of foods, including butter and baked goods. In india it is commonly
made into A beverage, bhang.

Substance prepare from cannabis:

Marijuana

Marijuana or marihuana (herbal cannabis), consists of the dried flowers and subtending leaves and stems of the female Cannabis plant. This is the most widely consumed form, containing 3% to 20% THC, with reports of up-to 33% THC.

Kief

Kief is a powder, rich in trichomes, which can be
sifted from the leaves and flowers of cannabis plants and either consumed in
powder form or compressed to produce cakes of hashish. The word “kif”
derives from colloquial Arabic كيف kēf/kīf, meaning pleasure.

Hashish

Hashish (also spelled hasheesh, hashisha, or simply
hash) is a conc. resin cake or ball produced from pressed kief, the detached
trichomes and fine material that falls off cannabis flowers and leaves. or from
scraping the resin from the surface of the plants and rolling it into balls. It
varies in color from black to golden brown depending upon purity and variety of
cultivar it was obtained from. It can be consumed orally or smoked, and is also
vaporised, or ‘vaped’. The term “rosin hash” refers to a high quality
solventless product obtained through heat and pressure.

Tincture of
cannabis

Cannabinoids can be extracted from cannabis plant
matter using high-proof spirits (often grain alcohol) to create a tincture,
often referred to as “green dragon”. Nabiximols is a branded product
name from a tincture manufacturing pharmaceutical company.

Hash oil

Hash oil is a resinous matrix of cannabinoids obtained
from the Cannabis plant by solvent extraction, formed into a hardened or
viscous mass. Hash oil can be the most potent of the main cannabis products
because of its high level of psychoactive compound per its volume, which can
vary depending on the plant’s mix of essential oils and psychoactive compounds.

Detection Of Cannabis In Body Fluids

THC and its major (inactive) metabolite, THC-COOH, can be measured in blood, urine, hair, oral fluid or sweat using chromatographic techniques as part of a drug use testing program or a forensic investigation of a traffic or other criminal offense.

Urine contains predominantly THC-COOH, while hair, oral fluid and sweat contain primarily THC. Blood may contain both substances, with the relative amounts dependent on the recency and extent of usage.

The concentrations obtained from such analyses can often be helpful in distinguishing active use from passive exposure, elapsed time since use, and extent or duration of use.

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