This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was a chief problem of the lower decks of an ocean liner?(a) Lack of proper ventilation. (b) Leaks. (c) Improper lighting. (d) Not enough beds.

2. What was the primary cause of surgical deaths after the Civil War?(a) Heart attack. (b) Lack of anesthesia. (c) Ineptitude. (d) Infection.

3. What was one effective way to fight disease carried by ships into New York Harbor?(a) Officials quarantined the entire ship. (b) Medicine was given immediately. (c) Doctors were sent on board before the people disembarked. (d) They sent the ship back to its point of origin.

4. According to Bettmann in "Food and Drink," in what condition were the cows when they arrived at the slaughterhouse?(a) Fattened up by feed. (b) Starved and sickly. (c) Tainted with disease. (d) Fattened up by steroids.

5. According to Bettmann in "Education," what was the pitiful education for blacks due to?(a) Racism. (b) Lack of materials. (c) Lack of qualified teachers. (d) Lack of desire.

6. How did people know when a ship in the late 19th century was infected with disease?(a) The captain ran ashore with the news. (b) The ship flew a yellow flag. (c) The ship radioed ahead. (d) The ship came into the harbor but did not anchor.

7. What was one common agonizing disease that continued to break out in the South after the Civil War?(a) Cholera. (b) Yellow Fever. (c) Influenza. (d) Leprosy

8. In the late 1800s, who especially suffered from such a monotonous diet?(a) Women. (b) Children. (c) Pregnant women. (d) Working men.

9. In the late 1800s, how did city politics affect the criminal justice system?(a) Even the judges were corrupt and could be bought. (b) Many crimes went unprosecuted. (c) City politicians were extra tough on crime. (d) The judges often did not cooperate with the politicians.

10. How were the boilers a danger to the ferries according to Bettmann in "Travel"?(a) They often started fires on board the ferries. (b) They overheated. (c) They broke down constantly. (d) The aged boilers would simply blow up.

11. Which part of the population got to enjoy the luxuries of ocean liners in the late 19th century?(a) The rich. (b) Politicians. (c) Foreign dignitaries. (d) Immigrants.

12. According to Bettmann in "Crime," who was treated the worst in the prison system?(a) Italians. (b) Murderers. (c) Blacks. (d) Jews.

13. How were the prostitution laws enforced in New York City in the late 19th century?(a) Only loosely. (b) They were only enforced in certain areas of the city. (c) Regularly and vigorously. (d) They were ignored entirely.

14. Why were foods manipulated with foreign ingredients in the late 19th century?(a) Because people were trying to make their money go further. (b) For profit. (c) To better the taste. (d) Because real ingredients were scarce.

15. What were doctors on the frontier in the late 1800s thought to have been?(a) Quality physicians. (b) Better than nothing. (c) Needed and appreciated. (d) Worthless quacks.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was the General Slocum?

2. In the late 1800s, how were train passengers treated when traveling?

3. In the late 1800s, how did the poor immigrants cross the ocean?

4. How did the gun laws after the Civil War compound the problem?

5. According to Bettmann in "Education," children from different villages in the same classroom invariably led to what?