Causes

Asthma symptoms are caused by an increased sensitivity of the airways to certain triggers. The triggers cause the lining of the airways to swell and produce extra fluid called mucus. At the same time, the muscles around the outside of the airway tighten in response to the irritation. All of these reactions narrow the airways and make it difficult to breathe. This response is often referred to as an asthma attack.

Possible triggers of an asthma attack in a person with asthma include:

It may be helpful to learn breathing techniques or doing breathing exercises. Improved fitness may also increase exercise tolerance and reduce attacks. Ask your doctor for advice.

Monitoring

Your asthma plan may need to be adjusted to adapt to changes in your life or health. Staying in contact with your doctor between visits can help you have better control of your asthma.

Online programs aimed at helping you manage your own symptoms can improve asthma control and lung function. Some examples of programs include
American Lung Association
or
Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America.

Prevention

There are no guidelines for preventing asthma because the cause is unknown. However, you can help prevent asthma attacks by avoiding things that trigger your attacks.
Triggers can vary from person to person but some general guidelines include:

Avoid strong chemicals or odors like perfume.

Avoid strenuous outdoor exercise during days with high air pollution, a high pollen count, or a high ozone level.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.

Breathing exercises and or retraining techniques in management of asthma. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality website. Available at:
http://www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/ehc/products/222/1251/CER71%5FBreathingExercises%5FFinalReport%5F20120905.pdf. Accessed August 5, 2015.