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Definitions of Sexual Health “ The integration of the physical, emotional, intellectual and social aspects of sexual being, in ways that are enriching and that enhance personality communication and love” (World Health Organisation 1975) “The capacity to enjoy and express sexuality without exploitation, oppression, physical or emotional harm” (FPA 2006)

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The Headlines… ‘ Many girls’ abused by boyfriends- BBC News 1 st September 2010 ‘Teenager commits suicide after ‘sexting’ a nude photo to her boyfriend made her life a misery’ Daily Mail 2009 ‘Generation Sexting – what teenage girls really get up to on the internet should chill every parent’ Daily Mail 2009 One in four pupils ‘swap porn images of themselves’ Daily Mail 2010

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Consensual sex? ●A third of teenage girls suffer sexual abuse in a relationship and a quarter suffer violence at the hands of their boyfriends. ●Nearly 90% of 1,400 girls aged 13 to 17 had been in intimate relationships. Source: NSPCC and University of Bristol 2010 ●One in six said they had been pressured into sexual intercourse and one in 16 said they had been raped. ●One in three said their boyfriends had tried to pressurise them into unwanted sexual activity by using physical force or emotional bullying.

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Teenage Pregnancy Where young people experience multiple risk factors their likelihood of teenage pregnancy increases significantly. A young woman demonstrating five or more risk factors has a 31% probability of becoming a mother under 20, compared with a 1% probability for someone experiencing none of the risk factors. NHS Medway (2007)

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Champions & Strategic leadership SRE in schools and out of school settings Young people friendly Contraceptive services Strong messages to young people and partner agencies Workforce training on SRE Strong youth service things to do, places to go Targeted SRE work with young people at risk Strong use of local data Building aspirations and self esteem Supporting parents To discuss sex & relationships

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The aim of Sexual Health Promotion “To improve the positive sexual health of the general population and to reduce inequalities in sexual health”. Specific aims include reducing: ●rates of new and undiagnosed HIV infection ●rates of Sexually Transmitted Infections ●unintended pregnancies ●psychosexual problems and to facilitate more satisfying, fulfilling and pleasurable relationships Effective Sexual Health Promotion - A Toolkit for Primary Care Trusts and others working in the field of promoting good Sexual Health and HIV Prevention DH 2003

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12 years 364 days (and under) 13 years 14 years 15 years 16 years and over Any sexual activity is an offence – unable to consent to sexual activity – Refer on Mutually agreed sexual activity can be consensual but remains an offence… Sexual activity is legal in consenting relationship (N.B. still consider risks, coercion & vulnerability up to 18 years as ?offence) Risks to be assessed and young people vulnerable to abuse / exploitation to be referred on as appropriate

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Sex & Relationships Education ‘SRE has more impact on reducing sexual risky behaviour if it is taught through small group work with a focus on skills and attitudes (rather than knowledge) (Trivedi et al, 2007)’

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FCASE – What is FCASE?  Two year DfE grant funded project  1 st April 2013 – 31 st March 2015  Hampshire, Birmingham, Middleborough  Contribute to the development of safeguarding services that support and protect children at risk of harm  The aim of Families and Communities Against Sexual Exploitation (FCASE) is to embed more effective practice on safeguarding children and young people, including those in foster care, from sexual exploitation, through harnessing the protective factors within a child’s family and/or foster home; and the wider community.

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FCASE – What is FCASE? Objectives  Embed FCASE methodology alongside a Safer You Plan, ensuring early identification of children vulnerable to CSE.  Engage 210 children/young people (70 in Hampshire) and their parent/carers to recognise CSE and reduce risk.  Provide awareness training to 1800 professionals (600 in Hampshire) working with children across three areas to recognise CSE risk indicators.  Provide support/information to communities to understand CSE and strategies to keep children safer through 36 events (12 in Hampshire).  Provide independent evaluation and resources to inform and disseminate national practice, by the end of year 2 (Toolkit).

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Case Study- The Smith family - Mother, father 2 daughters (Mary 23 and Lucy 16) and son aged Daughter identified trough our missing service and offered FCASE as low risks of CSE were identified - Mother and father allocated a worker - Lucy was allocated a different worker

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What has changed for the Smith Family? The family has said that this programme has enabled them to: - Understand and identify risks - Learn and Discuss CSE - Maintain consistent boundaries - What to do if a child goes missing again Since our intervention: - Lucy has not gone missing again - Lucy has enrolled at college and has regular attendance - Lucy has a clearer understanding of potential risks

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Serious Case reviews recommendations have led to the development of multi agency Child Exploitation Strategies being devised by many Local Authorities. A specialist Child Protection Manager (Sexual Exploitation) has in many cases been appointed as the single point of contact on CSE matters. Their job is to manage the Strategy and assist the co-ordination of the multi-agency responses to individual cases Learning Lessons

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The learning about the complexity of the sexual exploitation of children and young people identified that effective multi- agency working has a key role to early identification of concerns and to taking action to keep the children and young people safe. Learning Lessons:

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Missing children arrangements have been strengthened. The Safeguarding Children Procedures have been updated. New information sharing tools and risk assessment tools have been developed to enable agencies to share information about concerns regarding sexual exploitation. Learning Lessons:

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A training strategy has been implemented to take forward the training and development of staff in CSE across all relevant agencies. CSE Champions have been identified to provide advice and support to staff on the identification of signs and symptoms of CSE and undertaking risk assessments Learning Lessons:

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Aims: Child-centred prevention, identification, support and prosecution. Strategies will have three core aims: Prevention, Identification and Support. Good practice areas also aim to improve action against perpetrators, through disruption and prosecution. Learning Lessons:

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It is critical there are multi agency meetings where intelligence is shared, strategies devised to identify : those at risk, possible perpetrators and links within counties and across boundaries. Where clear interventions are agreed and agencies co-ordinate a response to: Prevent the behaviour where possible. To disrupt the behaviours. To support the victim and protect. To prosecute and prevent others being harmed. Learning Lessons:

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Exercise: Within your groups please consider the case study presented. Using the plan format you have decide what are the key risk factors for this child. What needs to happen and who needs to do what ? What responses could agencies give and how well placed is your agency to respond currently? What does your agency need to do to ensure it has an effective CSE strategy in place? How will you take your learning from today back into your work places? Learning Lessons: