tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9928227426729643562015-01-18T06:37:29.523+09:00Traditional Korean MedicineCopyright ⓒ 2002 koreanmedicine.net
All rights reservedAll that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.comBlogger25125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-79387549331507749442011-07-18T15:24:00.002+09:002011-07-18T15:31:58.971+09:00Special Contribution - Noodle and Pasta<div align="left">Pasta originates from China. But no one calls it noodle anymore. Italians transformed noodle into their own.<br /><br />Likewise =&gt; Koreans adopted Medicine from China. But Koreans developed TCM into their own medicine. 1) Transferred focus from [外因] to [內因] 2) Made a complete adaptation of Chinese medicinal materials<br /><br />When Marco Polo first brought noodle to Italy from China, he would have never thought that it will gain such a popularity that this lean piece of wheat will spawn a whole new variety of dishes; pasta. Such examples are abound around the world; Americans took Japanes Sushi and turned it into California roll; Japanese turned Indian curry into 'Karae'. Everywhere around the world, people take what OTHERS like and transform it into something THEY want.<br /><br />In Korea, this transformation wasn't just limited to food. Thousands of years ago, Koreans learned a lot from TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine), which eventually gave birth to KM (Korean Medicine) Nowadays, KM proudly stands as a major pillar of medical service in Korea. And it differs a lot from TCM, just like pasta is different from noodle. Although they may have same origin and sometimes even share some of the raw ingredients, the nuances and outlook differ quite a lot.<br /><br />To be exact, there are 2 major differences. First, KM focuses on Inner Cause of disease while TCM focuses on Outer Cause of disease. In other words, Koreans consider lifestyle, personality, eating habits and etc to be the major pathogen. Of course, this doesn't mean that KM didn't acknowledge the presence of external pathogen. Rather, unlike TCM which considers external pathogen as the major cause, KM focused more on internal causes.<br /><br />Second, KM differs from TCM in its use of medicinal materials. Sometimes, this can be seen when KM and TCM differ in its usage of same material. Other times, KM uses something totally different or even replace TCM material with others that can be grown or found in Korean peninsula.<br /><br />So next time you go out to eat some pasta, always remember that it originates from noodle. It just tastes better. (To me at least)<br /><br />- by Kim Hee Jun(Oriental Medical Doctor) </div>All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-7583966862531264312011-07-18T15:00:00.000+09:002011-07-18T15:04:36.477+09:005. Situation and Future Direction of TKM<strong><span style="font-size:130%;">1) Making the Research Activate</span></strong><br /><br />These days, research on oriental medicine, as an alternative medicine, is being carried out globally.<br /><br />In the West, especially Britain, Germany, France, the United States is actively researching oriental medicine. First, in the case of Britain, it was officially recognized that acupuncture is effective for chronic nonspecific backache. We should note that recognizing formally Acupuncture treatment in the UK is based on the accumulated clinical studies.<br />Recently, with interest and discussion on Evidence-Based Medicine(EBM) animated, the interest in clinical research is becoming more concentrated in oriental medicine as well as in western medicine.<br />Oriental studies in Europe is very active and decent. Many oriental medicine books is written, translated, and published, let alone publication of Magazine, academic journal. Research and medical activities of the oriental medicine in Germany, France and Eastern Europe research is remarkable. In Germany, there are many college of medicine taking oriental medicine into required subjects. Also there are some hospitals with department of oriental medicine.<br /><br />In Asia, China, Japan, Vietnam, Taiwan in order strives to study Oriental medicine, but Korea not even in the rankings.<br />In case of China, setting a ambitious goal to dominate 21st century world health by TCM and accelerating development of TCM, TCM has been fostered.<br />On the other hand, in the case of Korea compared to foreign, research results are very disappointing.<br />Last five years, Looking at the present condition of the 11 colleges of Oriental medicine annual average Master's and Doctor's dissertations, annual 300 of the thesis was submitted. But, there's not much practical results and there were many cases ending in research to research, rather in conjunction with clinical research.<br />Also, in the last two years, application of new oriental medical technologies was 26cases, but one case did not even pass. Like this, there is a lack of investment and research in this area. Clinical Research and medical device development based on oriental medicine theory is insufficient, and the concept of research ethics lacks.<br />Therefore, lot of interest and support in TKM(Traditional Korea Medicine) research is needed. TKM studies should be aimed at contribution to human society and the nation's industrial development. The direction should correpond the contents of education, research, treatment with evidence-based research reproducibility obtained, modernizing and approaching scientifically oriental medicine theory.<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><strong>2) Taking the Lead in the Standardization of Traditional Medicine<br /></strong><br /></span>Standardization of TM(Traditional Medicine) means making an international standard about system or treatment of TM that can be equally applied to every country in the world. Lack of standard is the reason that TM is criticized by many people and the weak point of TM compared to Western medicine. Therefore, making a scientific and clear standard is a matter of great importance to increase reliability of TM. And why it is important for Korea to take the lead in the standardization of TM is that if we take the initiative of standardization in global TM market, it can be the jackpot for development of TKM(Traditional Korean Medicine) industry and securing national competitiveness.<br />Nowadays, the standardization of TM revolves around the competition of Korea, China, and Japan through WHO(World Health Organization) and ISO(International Organization for Standardization). WHO is leading the standardization of terminology and name of diseases of TM, and ISO takes the charge of standardization for global industry of TM.<br />In 2008, Korea succeeded in international standardization of meridian points on the body, winning the competition with China and Japan. Recently, however, China is taking the lead in the international standardization and Korea and Japan are barely following. Chinese government has invested a huge budget for TCM(Traditional Chinese Medicine)-driven standardization and trying to take the lead continuously. They organized a committee called TC249 in ISO and insisted to decide an official name of traditional medicine as TCM. Korea and Japan, in response, insisted to decide the official name as TM and suggested standards for quality and safety. Nowadays, discussions about the official name and the standardization are going along separately. In case of Japan, they stand out in the field of herbal medicine. Tsumura, Japanese herbal medicine company, is globally famous for standardization through thorough quality control and doing a role of an actual standard in medicinal herb research. They encoded herbal medicine whose effectiveness is proved by thesis. In January, Japan held a conference about standardization of Japanese herbal medicine, demonstrating that they are ready to take the lead in the international standardization of herbal medicine.<br />Korea is also striving for standardization of TM with KIOM(Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine) as the center. KIOM has been designated as WHO Cooperation Center and is pushing ahead with standardization of acupuncture, moxa, etc. They also have published a standardized onomasticon of stroke. Furthermore, Korean Medicine Technology Standardization Center, which will be the research space for EBM(Evidence-Based Medicine) based standardization, is being established and will be completed in 2012. Like these, Korea is making many efforts for TKM-driven standardization, but we are still in the preparation stage and have a long way to go.<br />What we need for taking the lead in the standardization of TM is 'emphasizing a characteristic of TKM' and 'efforts for standardization through research'. The representative characteristic of TKM is 'Four-constitutional Medicine(Sasang typology)'. TKM and TCM have similar roots, but after Lee Je-ma's Dong-Eui-Su-Sae-Bo-Won(東醫壽世保元), Four-constitutional Medicine which prescribes different medicines according to personal physical constitution has been developed as TKM's differentiated characteristic. Also, for international standardization, national standardization based on careful research has to be a priority. I mean, like an example of Tsumura, we have to prove effectiveness of Four-constitutional Medicine thorough research to insist on our KM as the international standard.<br /><br /><br /><strong><span style="font-size:130%;">3) Making the most of KCM's characteristics<br /><br /></span>(1) More personalized medicine</strong><br />KM(Korean Medicine) organizes more personalized medicine than TCM(Traditional Chinese Medicine) does, and Four-Constitution Medicine(四象醫學) of KM represents it well. this theory was first created and published by Lee Je-ma (李濟馬) in 1894 at Dongeuisoosebowon(東醫壽世保元).<br />KM divides person's constitution into four groups, which are greater yang person(太陽人)·greater yin person(太陰人)·lesser yang person(少陽人)·lesser yin person(少陰人).<br />In TCM, It's general to perscribe same medicine to same disease.<br />But Four-Constitution Medicine considers patient's personality, psychological status, nutrition, function of internal organs, medical action and perscribe different medicine to same disease because those factors can vary from constitution.<br />In other words, through categorizing patients by constitution, medicine that fits to personal condition can be prescribed. Recently, western medicine also tries to prescribe the most appropriate prescription though analyzing DNA sequence. Judging from this fact, if we improve and inform Four-Constitution Medicine which has personalized medicine trait, it would achieve international status as much as TCM does.<br /><strong></strong><br /><strong>(2) A therapeutic follwing confirming symptom(辨證施治)<br /></strong>A therapeutic following confirming symptom(辨證施治) has a proper characteristic in oriental medicine, which can be grasped but by pathological body reflection not by histological or molecular level etiology. It is also able to be selected a prescription by means of clinical trials which promote human body's natural resurgent.<br />The Pattern(證) means diagnostic conclusion of the pathological changes at a certain stage of a disease, including the location cause, and nature of the disease as well as the trend of development, not simply giving a respective meaning for a symptom. It grasp a physical reaction to the patholocial changes of disease's process and promotes the self-recovery capacity of human body by selecting and prescribing medicine against certain patterns. In TKM(Traditional Korean Medicine), it is often to call a disease as the name, adding the letter ‘證’ to a medicinal instead of a name of disease in certain case. The Eight Principle Pattern Identification(八綱辨證) is representative of therapeutic following confirming symptom, dealing with Yin(陰), Yang(陽), Exterior and Interior(表裏); the outer part of the body(the skin, body hair, flesh and superficial meridians) and the inner part of the body(the towels and viscera, qi, blood, and bone marrow), Cold and Heat(寒熱), Deficiency and Excess(虛實). Otherwise there are some pattern identification methods like Visceral Pattern Identification(臟腑辨證), Six-Meridian Pattern Identification(六經辨證), Defense, Qi, Nutrient and Blood PAttern Identification(衛氣營血辨證).<br />There are two concepts explaining the principle. One is Same treat ment for different diseases(異病同治), and the other is Different treatments for the same disease(同病異治). The former appies the same method of treatment to patients with different kinds of disease but have the same pattern. On the other hand, the latter applies different methods of treatment to the same kind of disease but have different patterns. In recent years, the disease highly diverses and the patients complain of complex disorders by the indefinite mechanism. Thus KM can strengthen the strength of Therapeutic following confirming symptom, systematize a disease by multi-levels and suggest distinct treatment principle.<br /><br /><strong>(3) Diversity</strong><br />Unlike TCM(Traditional Chinese Medicine), KM(Korean Medicine) still has diverse schools. a number of schools have been formed with KM being studied among people in non-official circles, and they started academic arguments that eventually led KM to a world-wide study. representatively, there are the school of Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑), the school of experiential prescription, the school of Introduction to Medicine(醫學入門;medical book), the school of life nurturing, the school of Four-Constitution Medicine(四象醫學), the school of acupuncture and moxibustion, the school of restoring yang(扶陽), etc. as each school has a independent point of view about diagnosing and prescribing medicine, there can be various, effectual remedies in wider range than that of TCM. also, doctors of KM established many academic societies in The Association Of Korean Oriental Medicine to maintain this diversity and to accept new paradigms and widen the range of KM, like the society of tuina(massage) therapy, the society of herbal acupuncture, the society of rehabilitative traditional korean medicine, the society of naturopathy, etc. if we maintain and improve this diversity, not settling for the present and not being satisfied, KM can be an world-famous, independent study substantially different from TCM.<br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><strong>4) International Standardization of TCM<br /></strong></span><br />China continues to dominate Standardization of TCM and other related countries, Korea and Japan are just keeping up.<br />WHO named TCM 'traditional medicine' from early on, and continually recommended that each countries should respect it as their traditional medicine and absorb it in national health care system by shedding new light on its medical values. WHO is also implementing policies which underline the traditional medicine's contribution to health promotion, and leading its standardization of medical terms and diseases.<br />If WHO focuses on policies of traditional medicine, ISO is in charge of institutional basis to globalize industrial values of traditional medicine. China has huge influence on ISO to accelerate the standardization business. China recognized the need of international standardization of TCM and investments strong budgets and manpower on it, so we should discuss how to deal with it from now on.<br />Nation's only government-funded research organization, traditional medicine Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), builds a cooperative system with Korean oriental doctors' association.<br />Now, KIOM is leading the standardization of TCM terms, information, diagnose, and medical equipments, along with ISO's standardization project. KIOM's information center practices study of standardization of TCM terms to establish standard health data contents. It collects terms from all sorts of TCM books, clinical charts, and papers, and then refines and disseminate them, connecting them with WHO IST and U.S. National Library of Medicine's UMLS. Also it focuses on ensuring interoperability of TCM and western medicine by connecting TCM terms with International terms. The convergence of TCM and the latest IT research through the Medical Ontology for Intelligent Medical Research is underway to implement the system. It is the basic research to conceptualize TCM terms in computer language.<br />In addition, the 2012 ISO/TC249 (traditional medicine International Organization for Standardization Technical Committee) 2nd meeting is to be held in South Korea, so South Korea will have a great opportunity to popularize our TCM's excellence and confirm the initiative of international stnadardization.All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-78369873251961748462011-07-18T14:12:00.003+09:002011-07-18T15:22:10.838+09:004. The difference of System between Korean medicine and Traditional Chinese medicine<div><br /><div><br /><div><br /><div><br /><div></div><br /><div></div><br /><div>Korean medicine and Traditional Chinese medicine have considerable differences and by making clear the differences between Korean medicine and Traditional Chinese medicine, we can suggest the characteristics and strengths of the oriental medicine. The difference of System between Korean medicine and Traditional Chinese medicine is the main cause to make this current circumferences of two medicines. So this subject is quite a significant topic but the system of medicine has various subjects, for example, the license system, academic system and etc. Among this matters, we suggest the field of license, research, academic affairs and administration.<br /><br /><strong>1) The License System<br /></strong>The main difference between Korean medicine(From now on, we call Korean medicine KM.) and Traditional Chinese medicine(From now on, we call Traditional Chinese medicine TCM.) is licensing system. Licensing system of KM is the medical system that has two kinds of doctors, KM doctor and Western doctor. In comparison, Licensing system of TCM is the special medical system that has 3 sorts of doctors, Western doctor, TCM doctor and integrative doctor of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.<br />After liberation in South Korea, there were some problems in relation to the medical situation. For example, the quality of medical treatment was so poor and the medical law of Japanese imperialism was still alive. So Intellectuals argued for the new laws of medical system. Since 1948, some lawmakers had attempted to make a new medical law at the Constituent Assembly but there were considerable disagreements between KM doctors and Western doctors. However, KM had to be continued and specified in the law considering historical, economic, social and academic parts and the future medical development. For example, KM had significant public support socially. So, in 1952, the national medical law stated that KM doctor has an equal treatment and right with Western doctor was passed and the KM doctor was institutionalized since then.<br />Now, in South Korea, there are 11 colleges of Oriental medicine(a two years' preparatory course and a four years' regular course) and 1 national graduate school of Korean medicine. In addition, about 700-800 KM doctors are produced every year by passing national medical examination only. In 2010, the total number of KM doctors is 16156 and in 2005, there are 146 KM hospitals that have more than 9000 bed and there are also 9765 KM clinics. KM plays a leading role in Public Health at present.<br /><br />The licensing system of TCM is lead by the government of China and especially, a special medical system such as integrative doctor of traditional Chinese and Western medicine was established by orders of Mao Zedong. In Qing Dynasty Period, there were considerable attempts to integrate Traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine and such attempts had lasted since foundation of China. In 1956, Mao said that we had to make our integrated and new medicine by combining knowledge of TCM and Western medicine. This mention gave the intellectual aims to integrate TCM and Western medicine. Since then, integrative doctors of traditional Chinese and Western medicine appeared by the course for TCM doctors to study Western medicine that had a two years' training program. After the Cultural Revolution, by stating the sentence, "We will develop modern medicine and TCM", this specific medical licence system that has 3 sorts of doctors appeared and all of the hospital have had both TCM and Western medical clinic.<br />The education of TCM is lead by the government of China as expected. There are 29 educational institutes of TCM or colleges of TCM established by the government of China. Also, there are Faculties of TCM in 11 colleges of medicine. The period of course in educational institute of TCM is 5 years. At present, there are 17 numbers of laboratories of integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine and about 40 hospitals of integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Also, there are 40 courses of doctor and 87 courses of master on integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine and by this support and various courses, there are more than 60 thousand integrative doctors of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in China. In 2005, 3009 hospitals of TCM and 716 clinics about TCM are existed.<br /><br /><strong>2) The Field of Research<br /></strong>The study of KM is lead by medical societies and the research of TCM is lead by the laboratories established by government of China.<br />Korean oriental medical society plays the most important role on study of KM. This society is an organization of KM comprised of a total of 43 departments. It works to support education, researches and conferences of KM and 43 departments perform further study of KM relevant to the field of study.<br />The Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine is a national hub research institution for KM established in 1994. This Institute works for scientification, standardization and globalization on KM. To explain concretely, It has undertaken a variety of KM-based researches, KM-based therapies, policy research, research on the history of KM and etc.<br /><br />The study of TCM is lead by many research institutes relevant to a variety of fields of TCM found by the China government. To support TCM, the government established the department of state control for TCM in 1986 and has founded about 170 laboratories for TCM. In this institutes, there are considerable study on TCM theory and clinical cases and by this studies, TCM has developed at a rapid pace. The China Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the largest and oldest research institute of TCM, was found in 1955 and it works for research, education, treatment of TCM. It is under direct control by the Medical Department of the government. Also, it has two hospitals for clinical research in Beijing such as XIYUAN hospital and GUANG'ANMEN hospital.<br /><br /><strong>3) Academic Affairs<br /></strong>comparison 1 : Curriculum of Fundamental Subjects; Oriental Medicine<br />Different of South Korea and China can found at Preventive medicine, Oriental philosophy, Oriental physiology, Oriental pathology, Oriental diagnostics and etc. Oriental preventive medicine at South Korea's college of oriental medicine take parts like quit smoking, prevent of paralysis, qiqong therapy, four phase health care and before and after child-birth care. Oriental philosophy teaches an ideology of eastern with various viewpoints , which is foundation of Oriental medicine. Oriental physiology, Oriental pathology and Oriental diagnostics are systematic applied of Physiology, Pathology and Diagnostics in Oriental medicine. In China, they are not an independent subjects, included in fundamental of TCM.<br />College of TCM(China) and College of Oriental medicine(South Korea) are have similar curriculum like Chinese literature, Introduction to Oriental medicine, Chinese language, History of Oriental medicine, Original text of Oriental medicine, Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Prescriptionology, Herbal Pharmacology and etc. This similarity can be understanded that learn for Yin-yang theory, Five-phase theory and etc.<br />Subjects that only learned in China are TCM of Senile disease, TCM of oncology, TCM of food and nutrition science. In Korea, senile disease and oncology are not integrated subject. Food and nutrition science is not studied in College of Oriental medicine but studied in College of Food and nutrition.<br /><br />comparison 2 : Curriculum of Fundamental Subjects; Western Medicine<br />Only Subject that South Korea's College of Oriental medicine studies and College of TCM has not studies are below.<br />Biochemistry and practice, Immunology, Forensicmedicine, Radiology, Psychology, Organic chemistry, Clinical Pathology and Medicinal Phytology.<br />College of TCM has same curriculum of subjects below.<br />Embryology, Anatomy, Microbiology, Physiology, Pathology, Histology, Pharmacology and Diagnostics.<br />But in China, seems to they don't give weight on that subjects.<br />Parasitology is only educated in China. Parasitology is study of parasite that closely related with human.<br /><br />comparison 3 : Curriculum of Clinical Subjects<br />South Korea and China's Common clinical subjects are only Oriental Internal Medicine, Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Oriental Gynecology.<br />The distinction of curriculum between South Korea and China are Four phase Medicine and Oriental Psychiatry. Oriental Psychiatry subject that thinking mentalillness connect with organs.<br /><br />comparison 4 : Total Training Session<br /></div><img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 89px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5630571720168520290" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-w74SvsaMo7w/TiPPJb8BOmI/AAAAAAAAACQ/RgeXjTugDpw/s320/%25ED%2591%259C1.bmp" /><br />South Korea's Universities are train 2000 hours more than China's College. Fundamental of Oriental Medicine is almost same but Western Medicine is absolutely short. Because China's educational system is quinquennial but South Korea's system is sexennial. Also China don't weigh on study of Western Medicine.<br /><br /><strong>4) Administration<br /><br /></strong>Medical care facilities in Korea account for 20% of all health care facilities and there are private TKM hospitals and TKM University hospitals. Based on the research at June, 2010, the number of clinics in Korea is 11,968 and that of Oriental hospital is about 800.<br /><img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 271px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5630572238895237266" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-v24B9Z3cF-I/TiPPnoWGyJI/AAAAAAAAACY/dU5aroc0P0o/s320/%25ED%2591%259C2.bmp" /><br />󰁋 Reference : Health and Human Services(2006) "Yearbook of Health and Welfare"<br />Chinese Ministry of Health(2006) "China Health Statistics Yearbook"<br /><br />The proportion of TCM medical facilities in China is about 1.3% of all health care facilities. There are 'the hospitals' that have inpatient beds and 'the clinics' that have no inpatient beds. 'TCM Hospital', 'Integrative Hospital' and 'National Hospital' are hospitals there are inpatient beds. Also, 'TCM Clinic', 'Integrative Clinic' and 'National Clinic' are clinics there are no inpatient beds. 'Integrative Hospital' and 'Integrative Clinic' are the places where cooperative care of Western and Chinese medicine is primarily performed. </div><br /><div></div><br /><div><br /><img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 140px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5630573028818823922" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-e2_2R_4Rf2k/TiPQVnCkKvI/AAAAAAAAACw/h1m2zBdwtvU/s320/%25ED%2591%259C3.bmp" />󰁋 Reference : Health and Human Services(2006) "Yearbook of Health and Welfare"<br />Chinese Ministry of Health(2006) "China Health Statistics Yearbook"<br /><br />In China, opposed to Korea, the cooperative care of Western and Chinese medicine is active taking up 33% in all health care. So, there are about 30 thousands in China but 70 in Korea who are licensed with both Western and Chinese Medicine doctor. Concerning the population of each country, the number of doctors who have both Western and Chinese/Korean Medicine licenses in China is 20 times more than in Korea.<br /><br /><img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 118px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5630572406484509154" border="0" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-EoTOZAYrGbc/TiPPxYqgIeI/AAAAAAAAACo/HUNYPcXXqVQ/s320/%25ED%2591%259C4.bmp" />󰁋 Reference : Health and Human Services(2006) "Yearbook of Health and Welfare"<br />Chinese Ministry of Health(2006) "China Health Statistics Yearbook"<br /><br />Compared to TKM Universitiy Hospitals in Korea, TCM Hospitals in China are larger and have more long-term inpatient treatments. In 2005, the number of inpatient beds in TCM Hospitals is 8.6% of all inpatient beds in increasing tendency but that of inpatient beds in TKM Hospitals is 2.4% in decreasing tendency.</div><br /><div></div><br /><div></div></div></div></div>All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-54177594925258905122011-07-18T14:11:00.001+09:002011-07-18T15:04:36.478+09:003. Characteristic of Korean Medicine - in Clinic ; Saam AcupunctureIn Ming Dynasty, Gao Wu(高武) primally mentioned method of supplementing and draining self meridian(自經補瀉法) that determine the site that apply acupuncture based on Five transport point(五兪穴), especially engendering, in Zhenjiujuying(鍼灸聚英). Also in Neijing(內經) and Nanjing(難經), applying acupuncture according to Five Phase's tonifying and dispersing theory was suggested. However, these could not suggest specific plan. Because of lack of further studies about principle people couldn't apply Five Phase Acupuncture in real clinic. Later, in Joseon dynasty, King Seonjo period, Saamdoin(舍岩道人) designed 'Saamdoinchimguyogyeol'(舍岩陰陽五行鍼刺法) that after combining engendering and restraining, take supplementation and draining point from self and other meridian(自他經) and he complete Korean Acupuncture. Saamdoin(舍岩道人) understood principle, reason and instructions of Neijing(內經) based on engendering and restraining of Five Phase, established it, proved it in clinic and devised Saam acupuncture(舍岩鍼), unique acupuncture of Korean. Therefore Saam acupuncture(舍岩鍼) is original acupuncture that inherited acupuncture method in Neijing(內經). Saam acupuncture method is based on Neijing(內經), Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑), Yixuerumen(醫學入門), Yixuezhengzhuan(醫學正傳), Chimgoogyeongheombang(鍼灸經驗方) and especially Saam acupuncture methods five transport part was affected by Heo joon(許浚), writer of Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑) and Supplementation and draining part was affected by Heo Im(許任), writer of Chimgoogyeongheombang(鍼灸經驗方). With these jobs Saamdoin establish Korean unique acupuncture based on traditional oriental medical theory. Now in China and Japan, there is Five Phase Acupuncture Method using five transport points(五兪穴), but it don't have objective standard in diagnosis and application so there is no standard that can apply commonly in clinic. Especially, Japanese learned some part of Saam acupuncture in the latter era of the Joseon Dynasty and they apply it in five phase acupuncture(五行鍼) and inform it to Western as if it was their original acupuncture. However, Saam acupuncture of Korea is unique acupuncture method that is equipped with methodical oriental medical theory.<br /> Now we are about to introduce contents of Saam acupuncture. The Saam acupuncture works by applying acupuncture to the twelve meridians and acupuncture points called five transport points(五兪穴), on it, thereby controlling the meridian vessel. The twelve meridians are a part of the human body meridian vessels. Existing in three yang meridians and three yin meridians located each in the arm and legs; they are the main channels that let bodily qi and blood flow. The six yang meridians are connected to the five and the six bowels and the yin meridians are linked to the five viscus and the pericardium. The five transport points(五兪穴) are specific acupuncture points located below the elbow and knee, belonging to the twelve meridians and consisting of five acupuncture points from each ot the twelve meridians. Each acupuncure point is assigned to wood, fire, earth, metal, water of the five phases and is so called five phase points. The five points located on five transport points(五兪穴) is called well point(井)·brook point(滎)·stream point(兪)·river point(經)·sea point(合), starting from the point further from the elbow, knee and gradually towards the elbow and knee. Due to the fact that each of the twelve meridians have five acupuncture points appointed as five transport points(五兪穴), there are sixty five transport points(五兪穴) in total, and the arms and legs each have six of the twelve meridians(The meridians are symmetrical in left and right). The sixty acupuncture points are used in Saam acupuncture to adjust imbalance of the body and because only these are used, the patients may sometimes be confused. The acupuncture point which undergoes medical procedure may not be positioned near the body part causing pain, and can be seen to the patient as being applied acupuncture on a strange region. However even though the acupuncture is applied to a totally different region to the ailment, the sickness can be healed. five transport points(五兪穴) metaphors the flow of qi inside the twelve meridians as the flow of water, and so the names of the five acupuncture points on each meridian each have a meaning. well point(井): water gushes up from a spring, where qi from a meridian vessel comes out. brook point(滎): water flows and makes puddles, describing the flow of little water. stream point(輸): water steadily flows deeper, makes ripples to spill the spring water. river point(經): water flows flourishingly and vessel qi deep multiple abscess, good if applied in the case of yin illness. sea point(合): river water flows in to the sea, vessel qi is immense. <br /> The principles in Saam acupuncture method follow supplementing and draining self meridian(自經補瀉)·supplementing and draining other meridian(他經補瀉) and supplementing mother on deficiency(虛卽補其母)·suppressing organ on deficiency(虛卽抑其官)·draining child on excess(實卽瀉其子)·supplementing organ on excess(實卽補其官). In order to understand the principles above, an understanding of mutual engendering and restraining of the five phases is needed along with knowledge of the categorization of the viscus, bowels, and five transport points(五兪穴) into the five phases. The five phases consist of wood, fire, earth, metal, water and wood engenders fire, fire engenders earth, earth engenders metal, metal engenders water, and water engenders wood. The term engender means the relationship in which each phase and its associated phenomena give rise to or promote another sequential phase, also the same as generating. In addition wood restrains earth, fire restrains metal, earth restrains water, metal restrains wood, and water restrains fire. The term restrain means the relationship in which each phase and its associated phenomena restrict, check or control another phase. The five viscus are the most important organs in the body and consisting of the liver, heart, spleen, lung, and the kidney, they can be categorized into wood, fire, earth, metal, water of the five phase theory in the specific order it is written above. Additionally the pericardium is added to make the twelve meridians and altogether they are the six meridian vessels of the twelve meridians. The pericardium becomes the fire phase along with the heart. The six bowels are the six important organs in the process of digestion and excretion. The components of the six bowels are the gall bladder, small intestines, stomach, large intestines, bladder, and the triple energizers. Each can be categorized into metal, water, wood, fire, and earth in the same order. Exceptionally the triple energizer is also categorized into the fire phase. The six bowels make up the six yang meridian vessels of the twelve meridians. Similarly the five transport points(五兪穴) or the five phase points well point(井)·brook point(滎)·stream point(兪)·river point(經)·sea point(合) can be categorized into wood, fire, earth, metal, water and follows the rules of the five phase theory. After we categorize the viscus and bowels into the five phases we can know about the mutual engendering and restraining relationships if the viscus and bowels, and the five transport points(五兪穴). Next we need an understanding of deficiency and excess, supplementation and draining. The Saam acupuncture views the abnormal state of the viscus and bowels as deficiency or excess and tries to return it to normal by the tonification of deficiency and purgation of excessiveness using acupuncture. Deficiency refers to the deficiency of deficiency of the healthy qi, weak constitution and weak reaction against pathogens. Term excess means excessiveness of the pathogenic qi, strong constitution and strong reaction against pathogens. Supplementation means to activate and restore a decreased function to normal, while draining means to expel pathogenic factors and thus to restore hyperactivity to normal, the same as reinforcement and reduction.<br /> Now let’s look specifically at the principles underlying Saam acupuncture. supplementing and draining self meridian(自經補瀉) means taking an acupuncture point in the relevant meridian of the viscus or bowel and adding or reducing qi, supplementing and draining other meridian(他經補瀉) means taking an acupuncture point from a meridian irrelevant to the viscus or bowel and adding or reducing qi, The Saam acupuncture directly tonifies or purges an deficient or excessive viscus or bowel but because it also tonifies or purges organs related to the organ, it is written as above. Treatment methods that adds or reduces qi like this are expressed by supplementing mother on deficiency(虛卽補其母)·suppressing organ on deficiency(虛卽抑其官)·draining child on excess(實卽瀉其子)·supplementing organ on excess(實卽補其官). This is an application of the mutual engendering and restraining principle of the five phase theory. The one being generated in the engendering relationship is the ‘child’ and the one that generates is the ‘mother’. If we were to explain this once again if an organ is deficient, by tonifying the mother we can make the engender relationship stronger and by this tonify the child. At the same time, we purge the organ that restrains the deficient organ and by this make tonification by engendering easier. When an organ is of excess, we do it the other way around. We purge the child of the excessive organ so as to make engendering of the mother, or excessive organ easier and at the same time tonify the organ that restrains the excessive one. As shone above, the Saam acupuncture tonifies and restrains not only the organ that is deficient or of excess but also the organs that have an engendering or restraining relationship. <br /> Now if we look at how exactly engendering or restraining is done, the two processes are done by acupuncturing on specific acupuncture points. We use the engender, restrain relationships of the organs based on the five phase theory and apply it to the five transport points(五兪穴) in the twelve meridians. If for example, the lungs were deficient we follow the next steps. The lung is categorized as a metal in the five phase theory and is currently deficient. Now under the supplementing and draining self meridian(自經補瀉) principle we tonify the earth five transport points(五兪穴) stream point(兪) and purge the fire five transport points(五兪穴) brook point(滎) of the lung meridian. Also under the supplementing and draining other meridian(他經補瀉) principle we tonify the earth five transport points(五兪穴) steam point(兪) of the earth meridian, the spleen meridian and purge the fire five transport points(五兪穴) brook point(滎) of the fire meridian, the heart meridian. There are several methods in tonification and purgation. If we turn an acupuncture needle inserted in a acupuncture point clockwise it becomes tonification and if it is turned counter-clockwise it becomes purgation. Also if we insert the acupuncture needle 45degrees towards the flow of the meridian vessel it is tonification and if it is 45 degrees against the flow of the meridian vessel it is purgation.All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-47551167458529386212011-07-18T13:50:00.006+09:002011-07-18T15:04:36.478+09:002. Characteristic of Korean Medicine - in Clinic ; Four Constitutional Medicine<div><br /><div><br /><div><br /><div><strong><span style="font-size:130%;">[ Historical Background ]</span></strong><br />Medical science requires systematic thinking as a tool to recognize, describe and understand the subject of medicine. The subject of medicine can be human beings with lives.<br />Traditional Oriental medicine understands human beings in terms of correspondence between nature and human standpoint which says 'Nature is macrocosm, and Human is microcosm' based on Yin-yang Theory and Five Phase Theory that is one of the tradition oriental thought generally applied to understanding natural phenomena. It regards the nature of human beings as a uniformity. It is focused on environmental epistemology rather than human beings.<br />However, Lee Je-ma takes anthropocentrically stand that considers human beings as someone who can handle the problem with the self-regulating ability to control himself in active stance, rather than in passive stance.<br />On this basis, Lee Je-ma introduced the concept of constitutional types and came to establish Four-constitution Medicine which can complement pre-existing medical science that belittled the constitutional characteristics of human individuals.<br /><br /><strong>[ About Lee Je-ma ]<br /></strong>Lee Je-ma who established Four-constitution Medicine was born in Ham-kyung-do Ham-hung in 1837. The time of Lee Je-ma desperately needed new order and social change. Those were periodes of intense change of government and society. Therefore, Neo-Confucianism which sustained traditional feudal society declined and Practical thought has been the mainstream. In this situation, Lee Je-ma, as a confucian and also as a governor, recognized the need for new leading thought that can stabilize the livelihoods of the public. By understanding the Four-Books(四書) in original context, Lee Je-ma established his own thought and on the basis of this thought Lee Je-ma developed a theory that differed sharply from Traditional Oriental medicine.<br /><br /></div><br /><div><br /><strong><span style="font-size:130%;">[ Characteristics of each person constitution ] </span></strong></div><br /><p><em>&lt; Greater Yang Person Constitution &gt;<br /></em>1. Appearance <a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NDJmkYp-vKI/TiO_MlRaXoI/AAAAAAAAABw/HPRwIHVjGDw/s1600/noname01.bmp"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 199px; FLOAT: right; HEIGHT: 256px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5630554182027730562" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NDJmkYp-vKI/TiO_MlRaXoI/AAAAAAAAABw/HPRwIHVjGDw/s320/noname01.bmp" /></a><br />Grater yang person is reckless and has a lot of heroism in general. As for body type head and neck develop, while waist is kind of weak, because 뱌 tend to ascend to upper body. Their facial form are rather large and sharp, and eyes look receptive and shiny.<br /><br />2. Personality<br />They are generally remarkable man. Also they process anything freely and straightforwardly. So he tends to act radically and thoughtlessly. Moreover they are sociable and very virile. Therefore they always want to proceed forward with tremendous drive together with surrounding people.<br /><br />3. Food<br />Good good : Cool, light food, vegetables, low fat foods, marine products<br />Bad food : Hot and spicy foods or fatty in nature foods, high-calorie foods, soft drinks, ice cream, noodles<br /><br />4. Notice<br />Refrain angry, stop high-caloris foods, do not playby ear going, and life is always industrious.<br /><br /><br /><greater><em>&lt; Greater Yin Person &gt;<br /></em><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-whpvui1tdJs/TiO_RmrmqxI/AAAAAAAAAB4/Lv8JioHYg4o/s1600/noname02.bmp"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 191px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 284px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5630554268305369874" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-whpvui1tdJs/TiO_RmrmqxI/AAAAAAAAAB4/Lv8JioHYg4o/s320/noname02.bmp" /></a>1.Appearance<br />Greater yin person have a good appetite and slow-moving. As for body type their waist are thick and neck are thin, but generally bulky and beefy compared with other constitution. Their facial form are round, big, and have well-defined features. Also they have rough skin. Among them some have a small frame exceptively.<br /><br />2.Personality<br />They are most sociable of other constitution, and they well adapt new situation. Also they stick at anything for a long time. And they are kind of mature and considerate. On the other hand, they are timid and lazy, so they tend to keep still. Also they only pay attention to private affairs rather than public affairs.<br /><br />3. Food<br />Good food : vegetables, white-fish, beef, milk, butter, cheese<br />Bad food : high calorie foods, trans fats, instant food, eggs, chicken<br /><br />4. Notice<br />Do not overeat, doing exercise, bath, sauna for sweating, doing action than thought, having less desire.<br /><br /><br /><lesser><em>&lt; Lesser Yin Person &gt;<br /></em>1. Appearance <a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zGTLzOqKlis/TiO_Vvp6eqI/AAAAAAAAACA/tpcH7UnBhqE/s1600/noname03.bmp"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 164px; FLOAT: right; HEIGHT: 320px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5630554339433675426" border="0" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zGTLzOqKlis/TiO_Vvp6eqI/AAAAAAAAACA/tpcH7UnBhqE/s320/noname03.bmp" /></a><br />Lesser yin person are polite, calm and well-mannered. As for body type they have big hip, narrow-chested. Also they are small and thin in general, though there are tall person sometimes exceptively. And they can't eat much because they lack of digestive functions. As for facial form their face are small and elaborate, so they look neat and clever.<br /><br />2. Personality<br />They always seek to cope with a task accurately sticking to principles and rules, so they are very meticulous. Also they tend to work at his desk in the office or home rather than the outside. Furthermore they have much of the woman and family-oriented.<br />On the other hand, they like convenience too much, so they lack the initiative on something. Also they often suffer from stress because they are an eagle eye. In addition they are kind of selfish and jealous.<br /><br />3.Food<br />Good food: warm food, warm vegetables, chicken, sheep<br />Bad food: cold food, instant foods, chinese cabbage, beef, milk<br /><br />4 Notice<br />Take the meals a standard capacity, fixed time. Don't sweat. Are always trying to live calmly.<br /><br /><br /><lesser><em>&lt; Lesser Yang Person &gt;<br /></em><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-AkFPG8K0gVU/TiO_Yr0M2yI/AAAAAAAAACI/RJZ0Zc8tIAE/s1600/noname04.bmp"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 118px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 320px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5630554389942688546" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-AkFPG8K0gVU/TiO_Yr0M2yI/AAAAAAAAACI/RJZ0Zc8tIAE/s320/noname04.bmp" /></a>1. Appearance:<br />Lesser yang person have well-developed chest, but their lower body are weak. Their walk look nimble because their lower half of the body are light. Sometimes they look imprudent because of their quickness.<br /><br />2. Personality<br />They are very active, eager and forthright, so they push forward anything quickly. Also They like to gain praise and help other people.<br />However they spread theirselves too thin. And they are very impetuous so, they lack of endurance to some degree.<br /><br />3. Food<br />Good food : fork, shrimp, barley, adzuki beans, oyster<br />Bad food : spicy and strong-tasting foods, ginseng, honey<br /><br />4. Notice<br />Try to eat cool and plain food. Always try to calm down.<br /><br /><br /></p><br /><p><span style="font-size:130%;"><strong>[ Simple Test about Constitutional Type ]</strong></span></p><br /><div><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-euddGyPekXA/TiO962UvBYI/AAAAAAAAABo/EA1Qq48bb3Y/s1600/SEMI.jpg"><img style="WIDTH: 320px; HEIGHT: 242px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5630552777855796610" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-euddGyPekXA/TiO962UvBYI/AAAAAAAAABo/EA1Qq48bb3Y/s320/SEMI.jpg" /></a><br /></div><br /><div><br /><strong><span style="font-size:130%;">[ The Meaning of Four-Constitution Medicine ]<br /></span></strong><br />The Meaning of Four-Constitution Medicine -<br />It is thought that there is yang constitution(陽體質) and yin constitution(陰體質) and they are inborn by Four-Constitution Medicine. The Four-Constitution Type is yang constitutions that are greater yang person and lesser yang person, and yin constitutions that are greater yin person and lesser yin person. Thus, it is different that cause of disease and disease pattern and medicine by Four-Constitution Type. The yang constitutions take sick by tendency of maldistribution of qi at upper energizer(上焦). The yin constitutions take sick by tendency of maldistribution of qi at lower energizer(下焦). Disease occurs when not only maldistribution of qi, but also maldistribution of temperament as joy-anger-anxiety.<br />The disease pattern and medical action in four-constitution medicine supplementation and draining by upbearing, downbearing, floating and sinking of qi in body. That means it is important in method of treatment, to complement upper energizer by upbearing qi and complement lower energizer by downbearing qi, and to control temperament as joy-anger-anxiety. The adverse effect of temperament can intensify maldistribution of qi. And the illness can get worse or chronic. At the yin and yang and deficiency and excess in eight principles, yin and yang means upper and lower position in human body and deficiency and excess means big and small relationship of viscera and bowels(臟腑). They are inborn. The exterior and interior and cold and heat means the front and the rear of human body and they are not inborn. Thus, there are four-constitution and the yin and yang and deficiency and excess are important in four-constitution medicine.<br />The meaning and feature of four-constitution medicine are not only point in characteristics as personal constitution but also connection with heath and mind, mental state. We have to know substance of human and purpose of life and composition of the world, to know human's health-and-disease, life-and-death, happy-and-unhappy. Everyone has merits and demerits in body and mind, thus has deficient and excess function. This deficient and excess function can make disease. Thus, to treat physical disease, first we have to look into principles of body and mind. This helps us study the origin of disease cased by maldistribution of qi and establish the principles of medicine. When we intermediate maldistribution of qi by look into principles of body and mind, we can get health.<br /><br />The Modern Meaning of Four-Constitution Medicine -<br />Now, we live in treatment method based on constitution period(體質論治), such as four-constitution-medicine, advancing treatment method based on disease pattern(病證論治). Thus it is focused on custom medicine, advancing preexistence medicine such as "Cold Damage", "Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine(東醫寶鑑)", traditional Chinese pharmacy. With progressing in studies of four-constitutional medicine, it is raising that treatment is focused on group of patient divided by four-constitutional type. This means that modern korean medicine concentrates on individuals charactered by four-constitutional type, considering patient constitution(體質) - yin and yang and deficiency and excess(陰陽虛實), disease pattern(病證) - exterior and interior and cold and heat(表裏寒熱), and environmental factor. This is why each four constitutional types have different physiology(生理) and pathology(病理). Thus we have to prescribe different medicine for same disease, by constitution.<br />The primary concept of drug treatment is direct - medicine by disease pattern and syndrome. This has limit point - there is only one group of mass patient, although reaction of medicine is different by individuals. The patients who look same syndrome have different cause of disease pattern by constitutional type. The Four-Constitution Medicine focus on effective treatment according to the individual characters. First, we can understand the drugs how to act on in level of treatment method of constitution. Next, we can know target of treatment - by knowing what disease we can get easy as constitutional type. Finally, we can improve effect of medicine in clinic by rectifying maldistribution among viscera and bowels(臟腑) and getting rid of key point of cause of disease. It means that four-constitution medicine can improve level of auto-immunity, and decrease the treatment period and side effect.<br />The ordinary medicine did not consider the individual characters. It caused drug abuse, slow of immunity, burden of viscera and bowels(臟腑), and disease caused by medicine(藥原性疾患). Thus, ordinary medicine needed to use more drugs and develop new drugs, due to decrease level of auto-immunity and deteriorate of health. It caused waste of cost for medicine. The treatment method based on disease pattern(病證論治) can only treat disease, but cause down of immunity and another disease. Four-constitution medicine can strengthen auto-immunity and decrease treatment period and solve fundamental cause of disease.<br /><br />The Examples of Diverty of Effect of Medicine by Constitution -<br />1. Aspirin and ginkgo leaf extract are medicine for High blood pressure, hypercholesterol, and heart disease for Greater yang person. But, they have side effect to Lesser yang person - heartburn, anemia, swelling - and Lesser yin person - rhinitis, Riel-syndrome, gastric ulcer, and asthma.<br />2. Acetaminophen can cause asthma, lung cancer, dyspnoea, Riel-syndrome to Greater yin person.<br />3. Acetaminophen has effect on antipyretic analgesic to lesser yin person, lesser yang person, and greater yang person.<br />4. Piroxicam has effect on rheumatic neuralgia to greater yin person, but it has side effect as swelling and heartburn to lesser yang person and lesser yin person.<br />5. Naproxen natrium has side effect as Koplik's spots and asthma to greater yin person, and gastric ulcer to lesser yin person. </div><br /><div><br /></div></div></div></div>All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-79674284971982802782011-07-18T12:56:00.004+09:002011-07-18T13:21:26.367+09:001. Characteristics of Korean Medicine - Point on History<span style="font-size:130%;"><strong></strong></span><br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><strong></strong></span><br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><strong>[Dongeuibogam]<br /></strong></span><span style="font-size:130%;"><br /><strong>1) The compilation background of Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑;a.k.a. Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine)</strong><br /></span><br />Dongeuibogam is a medical book which is written by Heo-Joon(許浚). This book is estimated to compile the East Asia medicine. This book has affected to the development of Traditional Korean Medicine and its academic value is high. In 2009 July 31 the unesco appointed this book to Memory of the World because of its the spirit of the times, originality, importance in world history. It is the 7th Memory of the World of Korea, the first Memory of the World of medical book.<br />The origin of Dongeuibogam is that Seon-Jo(宣祖; the king of Cho-sun) commanded to Heo-Jun to publish an overall medicine book in 1596. The mainstream of Korean medicine at that time is that developed the Korean medicine through the importing a medicine of Song(宋;one of the empire of China) until the Koryo Dynasty(高麗. But after that time Eui-bang-yoo-chui(醫方類聚;Classified Assemblage of Medical<br />Prescriptions) was published to use the medicinal stuffs in Hyang-yak-jip-seong-bang(鄕藥集成方;Compendium of Prescriptions from the Countryside) usefully. In the Chosun Dynasty(朝鮮) period according to demand of the practical medicine which combinate the clinical medicine with theory the medicine of Chosun was developed in focusing "Medical of Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty(金元醫學;those dynasties were Chinese dynasties)" Because the Medical of Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty was developed by starting to restudy the "Huangdi’s Internal Classic(黃帝內經)" a overall medicine book which combinate the "Huangdi’s Internal Classic(黃帝內經)" with Medical of Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty was demanded. And also the reestablishment of "Hyangyak(鄕藥;the korean wild herbs which is grown at countryside)" was demanded. Therefore, according to the needs of the times Heo-Jun started the compilation of Dongeuibogam through establishing editorial department with Jeong-jak, Yang-ye-su, Kim-eung-tak, Lee-myung-won, Jeong-ye-nam. But next year, after suspension in second Hidyoshi's Invaion to Korea, Seon-Jo commanded to Heo-Joon to complete the compilation for itself. After that time Heo-Joon was exiled because of the responsibility as a royal physicianto pass away of Seon-Jo(At that time the chosun Dynasty has custom that a royal physician has to be exiled after pass way of king). But Heo-Joon continued to write the book and finally completed in 1610 and named the book to Dongeuibogam. Thus in 1613, it was published to 25 volumes 25 chapters through using the printing type of Hun-ryeon-do-gam(訓鍊都監;The largest military camp of Chosun) in Nae-ui-won(內醫院;The royal medical center in palace).<br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><strong>2) The organization and content of Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑)</strong><br /><br /></span>Looking at the organization of Dongeuibogam, it is composed distinguishingly unlike the Chinese overall medicine book, the Huangdi’s Internal Classic(黃帝內經) and Eui-bang-yoo-chui(醫方類聚;Classified Assemblage of Medical Prescriptions), etc. Generally in classifying diseases , the traditional Korean medicine names diseases in many viewpoints. According to external cause, diseases are named as six excesses(六淫, in means a collective term for the six excessive or untimely climatic influences as external pathogenic factors: wind;風, cold;寒, summerheat;暑, dampness;濕, dryness;燥, and fire;火. also the same as six climatic pathogenic factors ). And diseases are named according to an aspect of specific disease. And according to the system of pattern identification/syndrome differentiation(辨證體系;diagnosis of the pattern/syndrome, through comprehensive analysis of symptoms and signs, which has implications for determining the cause, nature and location of the illness and the patient’s physical condition), diseases is classified to Yin and Yang(陰陽;Yin-Yang means the general descriptive terms for the two opposite, complementary and inter-related cosmic forces found in all matter in nature. The ceaseless motion of both yin and yang gives rise to all changes seen in the world.) or deficiency and excess.(虛實;one of the guiding principles for analyzing the condition of the body’s resistance to pathogenic factors, in which deficiency refers to deficiency of the healthy qi and excess refers to excessiveness of the pathogenic qi)And diseases are classified according to cause factors like dmapness pathogen(濕邪), and phlegm pathogen(痰), etc.<br />While Heo-Joon put the diverse classification in the traditional Korean medicine in the Dongeuibogam. But Dongeuibogam doesn't take the listing many section(門) simply. Roughly divides into three parts that are the chapter of internal organs(Naegyungpyun;內景篇), chaater of apperance(Oihyungpyun;外形篇), chapter of various diseases(Jabyungpyun;雜病篇). Meanwhile medical herbs and acupuncture and moxa which related to treatment are classified to chapter of medical herbs and chapter of acupuncture and moxa. This is a more sensible method than a classification of Chinese medical books, so this is a convenient system to study medical practice.<br />In detail, the Dongeuibogam consists of chapter of internal organs(內景篇) which related to internal medicine 4 volumes , chapter of appearance(外形篇) which related to surgery 4 volumes, chapter of various diseases which consists of an epidemic, an acute disease, gynecology, pediatrics 11 volumes, The chapter of herbal(medicinal) decoction(湯液篇;Tangaekpyun) which related to pharmacology and pharmacology 3 volumes, chapter of acupuncture and moxa 1 volume, chapter of index 2 volumes in total 25 volumes.<br /><br /><strong><span style="font-size:130%;">3) The Uniqueness and Individuality of Korean Medicine(韓醫學) that can be looked about Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑)<br /><br /></span></strong>“Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑;Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine)” doesn`t only have high value as a medical book about materia medica and fomula study of "Hyangyak(鄕藥;the korean wild herbs which is grown at countryside)", but also unites and reestablishes the contents of "Huangdi’s Internal Classic(黃帝內經)" and "Medical of Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty(金元醫學)".<br />In other words, Dongeuibogam is not only for clinical medicine, but also for basis theory of medicine which condenses "Huangdi’s Internal Classic(黃帝內經)" and "Medical of Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty(金元醫學)" and the medical study of "Hyangyak(鄕藥)".<br />As a evidence for that, the most of the Dongeuibogam`s chapter is quoted the theory of Medical of Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty(金元醫學) which was established by Zhu Zhenheng(朱震亨), Liu Wansu(劉完素), Li Gao(李杲), Zang Congzheng(張從正) a.k.a. the four great masters.<br />Especially, quotations of the "Huangdi’s Internal Classic(黃帝內經)" can be seen easily at the head of each chapter of Dongeuibogam.<br />And, it is a special feature that Dongeuibogam is described every herb`s name(鄕名;Hyangmyung) which is native plants of korean countryside.<br />So, Dongeuibogam is not just induction of TCM(Traditional Chinese Medicine), but can be an encyclopedia of Korean Medicine in independent unifying comtemporary every medical knowledge.<br />Moreover, the backgroud of its medical thought is also the other special character.<br />Since table of its contents(集例), we can see the Taoism is how much affect Heo Joon(許浚;the author of Dongeuibogam) to quoten several Taoism`s theory(for example: conduction exercise, cinnabar field therapy etc.). Heo Joon also took a serious view of moral training or practicing own mental attitude or meditation than drug or acupuncture therapy/treatment.<br />Preferentially, next explanation is studies about Dongeuibogam`s three chapters-about internal organs(Naegyungpyun;內景篇), apperance(Oihyungpyun;外形篇), various diseases(Jabyungpyun;雜病篇)<br />First, as the chapter about internal organs(Naegyungpyun;內景篇) which is composed of several parts(those parts are written about “Essence;精”, “Spirit;神”, “Qi;氣”, “Blood;血”, “five viscera and six bowels;五臟六腑” has lots of contents for caring or preservation of health(攝生;it means like a life nuturing-養生), Heo Joon said that the life nurturing is more important than drug treatment.(Perhaps, he thought generally that preventive medicine plays the central role in medicine.)<br />And for the theory of five circuitsand six qi(運氣學) is assigned to the chapter of various diseases(Jabyungpyun;雜病篇), Heo Joon looked at that from new angle-the theory of five circuitsand six qi(運氣學) could be diagnosis of one`s illness.<br /><br />But above all things, the most special feature of Dongeuibogam(in other words, it can be substituted for Korean Medicine) is just at its composition. Dongeuibogam`s composition is edited by mainly an internal injury. It distinguishes Korean Medecine from Traditional Chinese Medicine which is mainly an external injury.<br />Actually, as the chapter about internal organs(Naegyungpyun;內景篇) is the head(first) chapter of Dongeuibogam, Heo Joon emphasized the internal organs than the external organs(appearance).<br />Moreover, Dongeuibogam is different from Chinese medical books by comparing to compiled contents in Hyangyak and materia medica. The chapter of herbal(medicinal) decoction(湯液篇;Tangaekpyun) is for this contents-With regard to the materia medica and fomula(means like prescription or recipe)-Heo Joon adjusted the amount of herbal drugs to korean constitution and excluded unsuitable things by his own clinical experience and comtemporary korean medical books.(Because the most medical books` prescription is for Chinese constitution and climate.) And, he also wrote the popular name in korean alphabet(Hangul) for encouraging people to use Hyangyak(鄕藥;the korean wild herbs which is grown at countryside). In addition to, Dongeuibogam is contained the simple prescription for each symptoms after the disease pattern of each chapter`s part.<br />After all, since the publication of Dongeuibogam, korea decreased mutual exchange of medical information. This phenomenon is showed that Dongeuibogam became the new source of medicine in korea, also influenced to the several medical books after since then.-like a “Jejoongshinpyeon(濟衆新編;New Edition on Universal Relief)”, “Bangyakhappyeon(方藥合編;Compilation of Formulas and Medicinals)”, “Euijongsonik(醫宗損益;Gains and Losses of Medical Orthodoxy)”, etc.<br /><br /><br /><br /><strong><span style="font-size:130%;">[Development of Hyangyak and ≪Euibangyoochui≫]<br /></span></strong><br />In historical aspect, Hyangyak(鄕藥;the korean wild herbs which is grown at countryside) is one of the most prominent differences that distinguish TKM from TCM. Before Koryo Dynasty, the trend of medicine in Korea has been focused on mimicking that of China. However, due to an excessive preference for Chinese herbs, governmental establishments for medicine set out to emphasize the significance of using peculiar Korean medicine. In fact, it began to be widely known that certain herbs were much more effective than Chinese herbs for specific prescriptions. Herbs such as Chuanxiong rhizome(川芎), dodder(兎絲子) were exported to China, which is a proof for the efficacy of domestic herbs.<br /><br />Hyangyak's recognition starts in the late Koryo, when the superiority of Korean herbs began to be demonstrated. At the end of 11th century, medicine practitioners believed that any kinds of diseases could be cured with herbs from Korea. They strived to develop traditional medicine based on this historical background, and coined the term “Hyangyak.”<br /><br />Hyangyak refers to not only wild herbs from countryside, but all herbs grown in mountains, fields, seas, and rivers of Korea. Hyangyak's significance lies in the fact that it serves as the foundation of Korean traditional medicine. It indicates wild herbs indigenous to Korea, being distinct from Chinese herbs or Tang herbs. Based on the theories of Yin Yang and the Five Phases (陰陽五行論), it aids in the development of Korean medicine without imitating Chinese medicine unconditionally. It is a cornerstone for achieving independence in Korean medicine. Since 12th century, the term Hyangyak has been wildly used and the development of traditional medicine has progressed quickly. This is an important achievement as a dispersion of medical practice to the public, along with as a progress of expansion of herbal production and trade.<br /><br />Various medical books were compiled with the development of Hyangyak. In the beginning, most of them were written by the means of imitating and editing Chinese publications. However, medical books gradually transformed by adopting the method of selecting contents of the prescriptions appropriate for Korean society.<br /><br />Among numerous medical books on Hyangyak, Hyangyak-gugeubbang(鄕藥集成方) is considered as a representative. Published between 1236-1251 by unknown authors, Hyangyak-gugeubbang is the oldest book of medicine in Korea. It is written in three volumes and a supplement called 方中鄕藥目草部. It follows 太平聖惠方, Biyebackyobang(備豫百要方), Qian-Jin-Yao-Fang(千金要方), and Zhou-Hou-Fang(肘後方); but consists of prescriptions and first aid which does not require pattern identification/ syndrome differentiation and treatment (辨證論治). 方中鄕藥目草部 listed 170 kinds of native domestic herbal medicines, and described their properties according to pharmaceutical theories such as four qi and five flavors(四氣五味). Therefore it serves as an important refercence for studying medical herbs in Koryo Dynasty.<br /><br />After the establishment of Chosun Dynasty, medicine including Hyangyak makes huge advancement on the basis of government bureaucracy. During Chosun Dynasty, Hyangyak was systemically studied; its collection, cultivation, selection, measurement, and effectiveness were studied. In King Taejo period, 鄕藥濟生集成方 is published, and Hyangyak-gugeubbang is re-published during King Taejong period. Nevertheless, the overall development of medicine is accomplished during King Sejong period.<br /><br />King Sejong direct efforts to complete Hyangyak(countryside medicinal material) research which has been studied since Kyoro Dynasty. Sended Kim eul hae et al. to Ming dynasty to differentiate Hyangyak between Tang herbs and let doctors accompany them to purchase medicinal material whenever he dispatched ambassador. Hyangyak research in joseon dynasty is at an end as ≪Hyangyakjipseongbang≫ published, which caused the independence of domestic medicinal material, finished in 15th year of sejong.<br /><br />≪Hyangyakjipseongbang≫, consist of 85 volumes, have much more comprehensive medical system and larger volumes compared to kyoro dynasty's medicinal material texts. By absorbing theory and prescription of major medical texts from Sung, Jin, Yuan, Ming dynasties, ≪Hyangyakjipseongbang≫ extended the application of Hyangyak and straightened up as systematic medicine. Therefore, we call medicine system that integrated in ≪Hyangyakjipseongbang≫ as Hyangyak medicine.<br /><br />By Joseon dynasty, there were rising interests in plantation, circulation, management of Hyangyak rather than clinical research of it. In addition, sejong had imported medicinal material be cultivated on Jongyakjeon to localize and distinguish domestic medicinal material from chinese medicinal material in order not to prescribe wrong medicinal material.<br /><br />Though after publication of ≪Hyangyakjipseongbang≫, in korean medical world, Hyangyak was not considered as big issue anymore. It does not mean increasing weight of chinese medicinal material or decline of Hyangyak, but that Hyangyak research, which had been lasted since 11c, reached its peak so that supply and demand of home-grown herbs was almost at its completing stage.<br /><br />The fact that ≪Sejongsilrokjiriji≫ records much medicinal herbs as local product and ≪Hyangyakchaechuiwolryeong≫ was published and distributed exactly prove it. Also in medical books published afterward, instead of emphasizing Hyangyak, added medicinal herbs-contents as appendix to keep Hyangyak research alive.<br /><br />Establishing process of korean medicine's identity, which is represented by development of Hyangyak, took a new turn over as ≪Euibangyoochui≫ was issued. ≪Euibangyoochui≫ is the greatest oriental prescription book, completed in Sejong era and published in early years of king Sungjong. This masterpiece synthesized all the medicine from Ming dynasty chinese medicine to Joseon dynasty traditional medicine into 260 volumes.<br /><br />The significance of this book, however, is in not just publication of new medical encyclopedia, but the fact that it was cornerstone of independent advance of korean medicine. To assimilate oriental medicine which is basically exotic study, these kind of organizations should have been preceded. Intention of compiling ≪Euibangyoochui≫ after organization of Hyangyak by ≪Hyangyakjipseongbang≫ and the fact that king Sejong, who pushed Hyangyak project ahead had ≪Euibangyoochui≫ be written support this idea.<br /><br />After all, Korean medicine could accumulate masses of information resources by pressing and proofreading of ≪Euibangyoochui≫. And it became good opportunity to establish peculiar korean medicine theory and publish unique medical books.All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-38794256066767413312011-06-29T00:30:00.002+09:002011-06-29T00:35:24.420+09:00<strong>History and features of Korean Traditional Medicine</strong><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><the><br /><br />Korea opened its gates to the outer world in 1876. Since that, western civilization has been flooding into Korea and medicine was no exception. Hwalinseo and Hyeminseo, traditional medical institutions for citizen was closed. Instead, Jejongwon which was operated by western doctors was opened.<br /><br />Japan annexed Korea in 1910 and the Japanese colonial period had lasted until 1945. From 1913, Japan issued licenses, called Eui-sang which position was inferior to Western Doctors' , for TKM doctors. It limited the TKM doctors' sphere of activaty. In 1930s, the colonial Japanese government changed their health policy. However, this does not mean the encourangement of TKM. As the relationship with China aggravated, the provision of medical herb became unstable and it started to support Korean oriental medicine. From that time, TKM revivalism was running. Especially Jo Heon-yeong emphasized a well-balanced compromise between Korean and western medicine.<br /><br />After Japan defeated in World War Ⅱ, Korea was independent of Japan in 1948. From that time, the TKM system was sattled. In 1961, Korea government abolished the TKM system and oriental medical schools by the doctors' strong insistence. However the TKM system revived through revised medical law in 1963. Since then, Korea maintained the dualistic medical system, which meant oriental doctors and western doctors treating patients independently.<br />Meanwhile, DongyakEuiyak college, which had been built in 1946, had the department of TKM and Pharmaceutical Sciences in 1955. In 1964, the college got the equal educational system to medical colleges'.( a two years preparatory course and a four years regular course). The next year, DongyakEuiyak college was connected to Kyung-Hee university and it lasted as the department of oriental medicine and pharmacy of Kyung-Hee university. Since the end of 1970s, a number of the department of Oriental medicine was been built in many other university.<br /><br /><br /><br /><strong>Features of Korean Traditional Medicine</strong><br /><br />The basic theory of Korean medicine before the Four Constitution medicine was Taoism. Therefore, medical theorists at that time tried to explain medical theory by Yin-yang and Five Phase Theory. However, Je-ma, Lee, the author of Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine was mainly affected by Confucianism.<br /><br />The difference between Taoism and Confucianism generated the differences. In this background, genuine feature of Korean medicine compared to the Chinese medicine was generated. These characteristics of Korean medicine are human-oriented pathology, Structure based on number four and Curative means by balance between body and mind<br /><br /><strong>Human-oriented pathology<br /></strong>Taoism’s medicine considered a human as a part of nature. It explained the causes of sickness by Yin-yang and Five Phase Theory and correspondence between nature and human. For example, reasons of the sickness could be the food and other one-sided natural environment. However, four constitution medicine more values yin-yang theory and human itself. In the four constitution medical theory, not only food and the natural environments but also emotional change in human can be the major reason for the disease. <br /><br /><strong>Structure based on number four<br /></strong>The four constitution medicine analyzes the world by number four. Je-ma, Lee considered the major components of universe as nature, human, temperament, and life. Also, he regarded four human constitutional components as greater yang person, lesser yang person, greater yin person, and lesser yin person.<br /><br /><strong>Curative means by balance between body and mind<br /></strong>Korean medicine before the four constitutional medicine tried curing by herbal medicine and acupuncture practices. However four constitutional medicine started mental stabilization as the curative method. Je-ma, Lee thought that mind was not only a part of body but also the part of human that composed human with the same importance with body. Therefore, Four Constitutional medicine recognized the role of mind in the formation of constitution.<br /><br /><strong>Human-oriented pathology</strong>, Structure based on number four and Curative means by balance between body and mind are the major distinctiveness from the Chinese medicine. Other than these three characteristics of Korean medicine, unique view of herbal medicine by Je-ma, Lee and life nurturing in daily life can be other characteristics. Due to these uniqueness, the book Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine and its author are important in today’s Korean medicine.<br /><br /><br /><strong>4 constitution medicne - Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine</strong><br /><br />Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine(東醫壽世保元) is the book of Four-constitution Medicine (the branch of traditional Korean medicine initiated by Lee Je-ma, which stresses the theory of the four constitutions: physiology, pathology, diagnosis, and maintenance of health). It was written by Lee Je-ma, who was a medical scientist at the end of the Joseon Dynasty and divided people into four classifications based on their inherent traits. The name of book, ‘Dongeui(東醫)’ means medical practice or medicine of the Korea, 'soose(壽世)' implies longevity and 'bowon(保元)' signifies preservation of life.<br />The contents of the book is divided into seven sections : Seongmyeongron(性命論), Sadanron(四端論), Hwakchungron(擴充論), Jangburon(臟腑論), Uiwonron(醫源論), Gwangjeron(廣濟論), Sasanginbyeonjeungron(四象人辨證論). And it demonstrates respectively the formulary and treatment. The author divided human body into four types of constitution(a greater yang person, a lesser yang person, a greater yin person, and a lesser yin person) according to the temperament and personality. In treating a disease, he insists that the doctor place emphasis on the constitution rather than the symptoms of a disease.<br />'Seongmyeongron(性命論)' classified the foundation of nature(天機) as region(地方), humanity(人倫), society(世會). The foundation of nature(天機) regarded that ears hear the time of nature(天時) and humanity(人倫) smells something, with combining features.<br />‘Sadanron(四端論)’ divided human into four types and demonstrated that choices of the prescription and medicine change according to types.<br />'Hwakchungron(擴充論)' considered various matters that are relevant to the foundation of nature(天機) in Seongmyeongron in connection with sad and angry temperament of a greater yin-yang person and happy and glad temperament of a lesser yin-yang person in Sadanron.<br />'Jangburon(臟腑論)' explained the position and physiological function of viscera and bowels.<br />'Uiwonron(醫源論)' contained all time medical books of the China from Pyeonjak(扁鵲) and especially, Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine of the Korea.<br />'Gwangjeron(廣濟論)' account for difference of personality from childhood to old age and difference of temperament by job.<br />'Sasanginbyeonjeungron(四象人辨證論)' statistically explained results which distinguish many people into four constitution types.All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-57478884279550502082011-06-28T23:22:00.006+09:002011-06-29T00:35:30.112+09:00<div><br /><div><br /><p>Atopic dermatitis in Korean medicine</p><br /><p>Atopic dermatitis is one of the most well-known Environmental Diseases that is frequent in contemporary men who are familiar to Western life-style. Among the Environmental Disease that caused various problems, atopic dermatitis especially increased by almost twice in the 10 years period from1995 to 2005.</p><br /><div><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-qgXQUmL9t_o/Tgnn9MHc80I/AAAAAAAAABI/OF0TK2bWa_k/s1600/z.jpg"><img style="WIDTH: 320px; HEIGHT: 241px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5623280648159294274" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-qgXQUmL9t_o/Tgnn9MHc80I/AAAAAAAAABI/OF0TK2bWa_k/s320/z.jpg" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />In fact, atopic dermatitis' incidence rate in 2008 relative to that in 2002 seems to decrease. In light of the fact medical expenses of atopic dermatitis patient increases it can said that concern toward curing atopic dermatitis disease is expected to increase more. In conclusion atopic dermatitis' incidence of the contemporary men is mostly increased and interest in atopic dermatitis therapy is also increased.</div><br /><div><br />Environmental Disease like atopic dermatitis, Asthma Sharply Increased the patients of Environmental Disease increased by 57.7% but the medical expenses of the disease increased by 65.4%<br />Among the Environmental Disease, especially atopic dermatitis disease patients a bit decreased, the medical expenses of that increased by 17.8% and deductible increased by 11.9%.<br />by Park Hyun-Cheol [phyunchul@hanmail.net]</div><br /><div><br /><br /><br />If we refer to the graph below, we can know that the main patients who have atopic dermatitis are of young age, mostly kids and teenagers. However, in these days atopic dermatitis which is considered as children's preserve shows unusual tendency that atopic dermatitis diesease radically increases in adults. </div><br /><div><br /></div><br /><div>[Health] Painful 'Adult atopic dermatitis' Rapid Increase<br />[SBS TV 2006-11-22 12:21] </div><br /><div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-8yKSQ6Mdaiw/TgnpaByhUdI/AAAAAAAAABY/bwzBNbfzMO8/s1600/d.jpg"><img style="WIDTH: 320px; HEIGHT: 218px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5623282243114979794" border="0" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-8yKSQ6Mdaiw/TgnpaByhUdI/AAAAAAAAABY/bwzBNbfzMO8/s320/d.jpg" /></a><br /><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-MHs2nVHoB8A/TgnpMYdtS4I/AAAAAAAAABQ/SMtwpgqU3ZQ/s1600/d.jpg"></a><br />According to HIRA, the number of atopic dermatitis patients increased 25% in their 20s and 18% in their 40s for 3 years.<br />by Ahn Mi-Jeong<br /><atopic><br />The point of atopic dermatitis treatment in Korean medicine is the activation of lung function. Lung and skin are two respiratory organs in our body. If lung respiration, which accounts for 95% of total respiration, doesn't function perfectly, skin respiration, which accounts for the rest 5% and is controlled by lung respiration, cannot function perfectly too. The abnormal respiration of the skin blocks the pores of the skin, so waste products cannot go out of the body and are stacked under the skin, which occurs atopic dermatitis. Therefore, to treat atopic dermatitis, we have to help our skin breathe well through activation of lung function. </div><br /><div><br /><strong>Atopic dermatitis in Korean medicine's viewpoint</strong></div><br /><div><strong><br /></strong>Atopic dermatitis is called fetal heat(胎熱) in Korean medicine. Fetal heat was cured when child starts walking, so it was thought that it will heal when child steps the ground with his own feet. In Korean medicine, lung supervises skin and hair. In modern days atopic dermatitis seems that it occurs on child who has low level of immunity in lung, bronchial tubes, nose and skin. There are various causes in Atopic dermatitis. Bad condition of modern environment is one of the reasons. It lowers the immune system so the invasion of the atopic dermatitis will be done easier. Another reason of atopic dermatitis is based on Four-constitution medicine(四象醫學). Four-constitution medicine splits the people into four groups, as greater yang person(太陽人), lesser yang person(少陽人), greater yin person(太陰人), and lesser yin person(少陰人). Greater yin person has more possibility of having atopic dermatitis than greater yang persons. Other reasons are inner chronic weakness, leak of nutrition to skin, and wrong treatment of primary stage skin diseases.<br /></div><br /><div></div><br /><div><strong>Treatment</strong></div><br /><div><br />At the first step of treatment, we use herbal medicine that eliminates toxins from the body. Herbs such as Lonicera japonica, Coptis japonica, and Scutellaria baicalensis are used. At the second step of treatment, with the medicine used at the first step, we use herbal medicine according to personal physical constitution. For example, Ophiopogon japonicus and the root of a kudzu are prescribed for Tae-eum In(太陰人), and Siler divaricata and Rehmannia glutinosa for hueichingensis are prescribed for So-eum In(少陰人). These herbal medicines not only eliminate hot toxins in the body, but also reinforce immunity and protect respiratory organs. Sometimes, acupuncture treatment is also used. The last step of treatment is preventing recurrence and maintaining healthy skin through proper living habits. When waste products are released at once, it feels really itchy, but patients should not scratch himself. Take a light bath with lukewarm water often, and don't forget putting on lotion.<br /><case><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UAcBzXyEGjs/Tgnq8TbPK-I/AAAAAAAAABg/mqduQ97g36o/s1600/x.jpg"><img style="WIDTH: 320px; HEIGHT: 143px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5623283931476339682" border="0" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UAcBzXyEGjs/Tgnq8TbPK-I/AAAAAAAAABg/mqduQ97g36o/s320/x.jpg" /></a><br />↑ A patient(17) who had suffered from atopic dermatitis for a long time<br />He took herbal medicine for three months. You can see that the redness of the skin and the scabs around his neck almost disappeared.<br />: <a href="http://www.wwdoctor.com/">http://www.wwdoctor.com</a> </div><br /><div></div><br /><div><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></div><br /><div></div></div></div>All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-62258322922695927862011-06-28T23:16:00.001+09:002011-06-29T00:35:35.502+09:00<strong>Introduction by Director Park junhyeong</strong>
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<br /></strong>Four Constitutional Medicine is one of the main theories of Oriental Medicine, which suggests that one can live a long and healthy life only, sticking to the general rules of the very Constitution that he is involved in, and that doctors can cure the patient's disease easily by observing the rule after detecting which Constitution the patient is involved in. When we say Four Constitution, it means Greater Yang person, Lesser Yang person, Greater Yin person and Lesser Yin person. People have relatively stronger organs and weaker internal organs(Zhang Fu臟腑) according to the Constitution s/he involved in. If relatively weak organ gets weaker, or stronger one gets more power, it causes diseases. We call the weaker one Lesser, and stronger one Greater(It also means the size literally). Below are the explains of each of the Four Constitution(There might be slight differences of formation among each article, because four students wrote their own parts. However, there is no differences of contents, for they read the very same documents and articles). Befor getting start, please remind yourself that all the characteristics are determined "relatively", and that it is highly impossible for one to meet all the conditions because of our different lifestyle and environments.
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<br /><strong>1. Greater Yang person by Hyejin Seo </strong>
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<br />According to Lee Jema's book, "The Principal of Life Preservation in Oriental Medicine" (東醫壽世保元), Greater Yang person (太陽人) is the rarest trait of the four constitution types. The internal organs (臟腑) of greater yang person can be defined as “Large lungs, small liver."(肺大肝小)
<br />Typically, greater yang person has well-developed head and neck and slender waist. Thus, greater yang person is often compared to dragon. The overall exterior of person of this constitution type can be described as “spherical,” particularly with a round face. In some cases, women of this constitution type are sterile despite all other healthy physical conditions.
<br />In terms of character, this type of person is very progressive and active. He/she also has sociable character therefore he/she easily associates with other people. However, with “blazing temper”, Greater Yang person can easily become angry or pathetic. In addition, the most distinctive weakness of one might be self-indulgence(放縱之心).
<br />For a greater yang person, healthy urine indicates good health. Lumbar pain can indicate severe illness, and having a large amount of saliva or bubble in mouth can also mean serious illness. Symptoms of disease include frequent hiccuping, indigestion, and drowsiness.
<br />In order to take care of one's health, (養生), one of this trait is recommended to intake cold and plain food, but refrain from hot or boiling food. Examples of healthy foods for this type of people include buckwheat, grape, quince, apple, squid, octopus, and various kinds of vegetables. On the other hand, meat, pork, flour, peanut, carrot, ginseng, and deer antlers are few of the examples that one should refrain from.
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<br /><strong>2. Lesser Yang person by Park Junhyeong</strong>
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<br />Concept
<br />Spleen is Greater(stronger), and Kidney is Lesser(weaker). 20% of Korean are Lesser Yang person.
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<br />Appearance
<br />Since his/her Spleen is Greater and Kidney is Lesser, the chest is well developed(broad) and below pelvis is weak(slim). This can be explained by the location of the organs. Most of Lesser Yang person walks fast because they have light lower bodys. They have round heads, and sometimes these have front or rear bulges. Their faces are filled with clean and beautiful eyes, mouses of medium size, thin lips, and sharp chins.
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<br />Characteristic
<br />They are not logical, and dislike spending times on discussing something they think useless. Because they are impetuous, they do works without carefull thinking, finish them quickly, and give up easily, which causes rough results with many mistakes. They love to works for others, while making light of their familys' and even own matters. If they see something that seems to them unjustifiable, they do correct it even when it costs their time, money and life.
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<br />Disease
<br />Since Kidney which controls Essence and Qi is weak, woman can bear few children, while man suffers from insufficient Yang Qi, which causes fatigue and impotence. They easily get nephritis, cystitis and urethritis(This is because urinary organs are involved in Kidney System according to the Oriental Medicine). In addition, they suffer from lumbago because of the unbalance between well developed upper body and weak lower body.
<br />On the other hands, they rarely have upset stomachs even when they overeat, because of their stronger Spleen(In Oriental Medicine, Spleen represents the whole digestive system, and is related with digestion and excretion). However, this fact leads overeating into their lifestlye, which causes chronic digestive tract disease and obesity. Since they have Greater Spleen, their excretion is very smooth. Constipation is bad sign which implies the stronger organ gets too much weak, so that it cannot do its own work normally.
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<br />Food
<br />They love to intake something cool even when it is winter, for they are people with Yang. Hence they dislike hot and spice sauces with ginseng, garlic, mustard. They like pork, and watery fruits such as watermelon. Since spice foods, alcohol, and flied foods make their body warmer, Lesser Yang person who are warm enough originally should avoid these sort of foods. Ginseng, coffee, honey are not good for them too.
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<br /><strong>3. Greater Yin person by GoYaejin</strong>
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<br />Concept
<br />Liver is Greater(stronger), and Lung is Lesser(weaker). 30% of Korean are Greater Yin person.
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<br />Appearance
<br />Since their Liver is Greater and Lung is Lesser, their waist is so developed that they stand strongly, and the upper of back of their neck is weak. They are usually tall and unusually small. They are usually fat and have a bulky build, compared with the other three types. Their skin, muscle tissue is tight and they sweat well. If he/she sweat a lot, it is not a sign for bad health but a sign for fast metabolism. Most of Greater Yin person walks with faltering steps seeing foots because they have healthier lower body. Eyes, nose, ears, and mouth are big because of clean lines in their face. Their chins are long and stout.
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<br />Characteristic
<br />Their character are constant, composed and they end the work which they started or got. Even if they know work would not head smoothly, they start it recklessly. They plan variously in their heart and succeed after action. So there's a high probability that they will succeed.
<br />Greater Yin person looks gentle but doesn't believe anyone easily, so doesn't tell their thought to other. Sometimes they insisted on their opinions. When they insist continuously, they don't care other peoples thought.
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<br />Disease
<br />Since their Liver is Greater and Lung is Lesser, they can absorb and accumulate energy well, but burn up and excrete not well. They eat a huge mount of food, high calories food and exercise little, so they could gain weight easily. To develop respiratory and cardiovascular function they should exercise regularly which promotes the circulation of the blood and quit smoking, drinking. It is easy to get heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, arteriosclerosis, fatty liver, and asthma now that respiratory and cardiovascular function of Greater Yin person are weak. Greater Yin person has moist body. If he/she sweat or urinate lot, we regard him being in health.
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<br />Food
<br />They eat various food a lot because the digestive organs are stronger than other people. Sometimes they eat and drink immoderately, so their organs are damaged. In fact, it is good for them to take high protein food, vegetable, and sea food. But it's good for their health to avoid foods that are chicken, dog meat, greasy food or strong-tasting seasoning.
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<br /><strong>4. Lesser Yin person by SeHyun Kang </strong>
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<br /></strong>Lesser yin person is one who has strong kidney and weak spleen in the context of Four-Constitution Medicine. The person has a cold feature of one's body and has discreet and detailed character and weak ability of digestion.
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<br />In the feature of Lesser yin person, the main characteristic of the body form is the appearance that is strong lower body and weak shoulder and chest. The person has a face with neat but beautiful feature. Also, the person has a decent look and walks quietly and carefully. But most Lesser yin persons seem to be a little peaked and there are some persons who are lower weight. The feature of skin is bright color, tender and soft condition and little sweat.
<br />Second, we explain Lesser yin person by one's mind. Lesser yin person has a tendency to stay back and has a quiet, neat, and careful mind. That person has a ability that grasps whether some person has a real capability and kindness or not. Using this ability, (s)he intends to get along with some congenial friends. In addition, the person doesn't have many friends because (s)he is so hard to mix with unfamiliar people.
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<br />The personality of Lesser yin person is delicate, tidy, and careful mind so Lesser yin person is very careful in one's business and has a logical way of thinking. However, Lesser yin person has a passive and compulsive tendency and in some cases of relationship, the person shows cold-blooded aspect. Also, Lesser yin person is jealous of other's business work ability.
<br />Third, in the nature of a disease, the characteristic of Lesser yin person is weak digestive systems and a cold constitution. The person commonly suffers from cold hands and feet, low energy, low amount of menses and etc. It comes from a chronic and weak digestive systems so, it is the key of health that is recovering the digestive functions and keeping oneself warm. The serious illnesses of Lesser yin person are condition of excessive pleasure, continuous diarrhea and a case that is too cold under the navel and etc.
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<br />In the base of features of Lesser yin person, Lesser yin person should eat food that warms the body and develops the digestive systems. There are examples that make Lesser yin person healthy; glutinous rice, chicken, goat meat, honey, pollock, yellow corbina, anchovy, garlic, ginger, chili, pepper, onion, lemon, jujube and etc. Also, there are medicines that prevent and remedy Lesser yin person's diseases; ginseng, bai zhu, licorice and etc.
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<br />All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-60639147222708033482011-06-28T23:15:00.000+09:002011-06-29T00:35:05.711+09:00Embedding Therapy(埋線療法)<br /><br />Wonkyung Moon, Jeongtaek Hwang,<br />Dahye Jeong, Sunwoong Kim, and Heeyeon Shin<br /><br /><strong>Overview of Embedding Therapy</strong><br /><br />Embedding therapy is also referred to as medicinal thread inserting therapy. It is the practice of embedding certain threads with medicinal properties into one's skin for the purpose of elongating the duration of stimulation on the acupuncture points. It was originally practiced in ancient China by incising one's skin, embedding stitching fiber used in surgery into the skin, and then suturing the incised skin. However, with time, this practice has developed in a way that the procedure has become more simplified and sanitary.<br /><br />In modern Korea, oriental doctors use embedding therapy more customized to the circumstances of Korea. That is, embedding therapy is used mostly for the purpose of enhancing one's beauty rather than to provide duration for acupuncture treatment, surgical thread is used instead of the traditional sheep gut, and so on. There may be different arrangements of threads according to how the practitioner wants to bring out the effect, and even the methods of embedding the threads may differ from person to person, depending on the nature and location of the illness.<br /><br />Two kinds of instruments - metal instrument(i.e., acupuncture needles used to embed threads into the skin) and medicinal thread - are used during the practice. Detailed procedure is to be explained later. Embedding therapy is thought to be highly effective for chronic diseases, which also is to be explained later in the last part of this writing.<br /><br /><strong>History and Background of Embedding Therapy<br /><br /></strong>The Embedding therapy is a newly devised type of acupuncture therapy. It stimulates acupuncture points through the percutaneous injection of alien substances - mostly threads. The embedded substances constantly gives physical and chemical stimulation to the acupuncture points, as they soften, liquefy, and finally get absorbed into the body. It is recorded that a similar therapy had been used in Egypt and Assyria as early as 2000 B.C. There is an another record that, during the Song dynasty in China, people dressed a diseased area by putting wool into it.<br /><br />Hippocrates is also said to have used the salted intestines of sheep in the same measure for healing purposes. As the therapy has developed over centuries, it began to be performed with nylon threads, chitosan, and gold threads. Although utilizing these materials enhanced the effect, there was a problem that those remained in the body. Nowadays, the oriental doctors use the chromic threads instead, which get naturally dissolved in the body. The new material has enabled the doctors to practice the therapy more easily and safely. So far, a vast amount of the clinical experiences of this therapy has accumulated. Moreover, the range of application has greatly extended, so that the therapy is now actively practiced in a variety of departments including pediatrics, internal medicine, gynecology, and so on.<br /><br /><strong>Principles of Embedding Therapy<br /></strong><br />Embedding therapy is also known as the medicinal thread inserting therapy or acupoint embedding therapy which has developed from the concept of acupuncture and meridians. It is a new therapy in Oriental Medicine. Physiological and physical stimulation(it is also continuous and soft) is caused by needles, each of which contains a tiny thread. In this treatment, the thread which is inserted into human body stimulates the acupuncture points and removes the pathogen, controls the meridians, qi, and blood, and enhances immunity of five viscera and six bowels. It also affects the muscles and peripheral nerves. This effect activates the immunity of organs and bloodstream.<br /><br />The threads which is used in this therapy are harmless and induce the defense mechanism of the human body. The threads used in suture can be absorbed into body. The threads may be liquefied for 30 days in the bloodstream, and then become absorbed in the body. In this process, absorbing threads strengthens the muscles, so the neuralgia which is caused by slipped disk is slackened. And, it has long-lasting therapeutic action(which is the best part, since non-enduring therapeutic action is the shortcoming of acupuncture treatment). Moreover, the principle of treating abdominal obesity and othotherapy through this therapy is that the insertion of thread which is put into the fatty layer of the subcutaneous tissues strengthens the abdominal muscles and straightens the leaning abdomen.<br /><br /><strong>Indications of Embedding Therapy<br /><br />1. Pain</strong><br />It is effective for chronic pains, such as lumbago, pain in the shoulder, headache and painful stiff nape, pain in the neck, slipped disc, and muscular ache.<br /><br /><strong>2. Correction of Position<br /></strong>Bend in the spine means that there is an imbalance in the muscles and circulation of qi-blood. Thus, one has to help the circulation of qi-blood and to strengthen the week points in order to correct the balance. This method is effective for herniated cervical disc, lumbar cervical disc, and scoliosis. Also, it's an effective means for the indication of protruding neck bone, which is caused by bending of head and upper body by aging.<br /><br /><strong>3. Skin, Beauty treatment and Plastic<br /></strong>In Korea, oriental doctors use medicinal thread and acupuncture in order to bring about the effect of plastic surgery. They give continuous and repetitive stimulation by stimulating the inner skin and softened-tissue during the time of one month to six months. Traditional plastic(cosmetic) treatment is especially effective for eliminating wrinkles. It's usually used to treat wrinkles on the forehead and wrinkles around the mouth and the nose. It is also possible to use this therapy in order to correct the outline of one's face. In this case, one can use something called 'minute facial acupuncture'.<br /><br /><strong>4. Body type and Obesity</strong><br />Causes of obesity can be categorized into psychological cause, genetic cause, and environmental cause. Usually, obesity is caused by excess of calorie intake. It can cause myopachynsis, by which muscles expand and contract abnormally. It usually occurs in the forms of drooping hip and drooping flesh of forearm and side of the body. Embedding therapy can be used to correct these indications.All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-32513857507602031302011-06-28T23:09:00.001+09:002011-06-29T00:35:48.013+09:00Immunity<strong>Immunity</strong><br /><br />Preventive medicine can be called the counterpart for treatment medicine, when dividing medical science into three parts such as fundamental medicine, clinical medicine and preventive medicine. Mainly focusing on prevention of disease, preventive medicine belongs to hygienics in western medicine. It is a field of medical science with very wide ranges that covers from prevention, early treatment to rehabilitation. At prevention stage before incidence of disease, what contemporary medicine mostly emphasizes is the strengthening of human body immunocompetence.<br /><br />Immunity is the phenomenon that human body environment defenses against antigen from outside. In western medical respect, it is a process of immune system – WBC (macrophagocyte, lymphocyte), killer T cell, and so on – resists pathogenic organism.<br /><br />Concept of immunity has also existed in Korean medicine in name of healthy qi(正氣) that maintains the balance of yin, yang, qi, and blood against external stimulus. Healthy qi, which is core concept in Korean medicine pathogenic theory, protects our body from external pathogen(邪氣). Pathogen, a relative concept from healthy qi, is similar to agent that causes disease when it penetrates into body.<br /><br />Korean medicine considers the process of immunity as struggle between healthy qi in our body and external pathogen. Therefore if our healthy qi is strong enough, our body will be well-protected, but if not, it will become vulnerable. As a method of preventing disease, Korean medicine emphasizes life-nurturings, among which raising healthy qi to ward off pathogen is considered the most important one.<br /><br /><strong>Immune process by healthy qi and defense qi<br /></strong><br />Healthy qi is the energy that protects body from pathogen. It is similar to level of immunity. We can call the state when body loses healthy qi and becomes weak 'Huh', which means deficiency. There are various states of Huh; qi deficiency, blood deficiency, yin deficiency, yang deficiency and so on.<br /><br />If we loses healthy qi, we get easily infected. Defense qi circulating the body surface shows how healthy qi affects body. Defense qi is a sort of healthy qi that blocks external pathogen invasion into body. Defense qi is circulated through skin and flesh, and it protests against external pathogen. Defense qi flowing on skin prevents pathogen from getting into body and if pathogen comes into the body, defense qi sieges and blocks it. It is called 'struggle between the healthy qi and pathogenic qi', which is when pathogen is blocked by defense qi outside the body and fight with healthy qi inside body. This process can be compared with mononuclear phagocyte or macrophage process. It is like present immunity process.<br /><br />≪Huangdi's Internal Classic(黃帝內徑)≫ which is one of Traditional Chinese Medicine classic books explains that heat or crassi can be made during this process. If healthy qi is defeated by pathogen, tumor, stomachache or headache appear and illness occurs.<br /><br /><strong>Medicinal for strengthening the body </strong><br /><br />Generally speaking, traditional medicinal for strengthening one’s body system is called ‘tonifying and replenishing medicinal.’ The preventive meaning of this kind of medicinal is not restricted in the sense of protecting the body and filling up on healthy qi. Healthy qi indeed acts as a preventive system by holding up against external pathogen, but simultaneously fights off the external pathogen that already invaded the body. Thus tonifying medicinal can be prescribed before the occurrence of disease to help prevent it by replenishing the healthy qi, or after the outbreak to supplement the deficient state of the body and encourage the healthy qi to fight pathogens.<br /><br />Tonifying and replenishing medicinal can be seen as formulas that acts to tonify yin, tonify yang, tonify qi, or tonify blood. Each type of tonifying medicinal is applied to pathological deficiency of body’s yin, yang, qi, and blood. Qi deficiency is a general term for decreased visceral and overall body function, and is often seen on patients with leucopenia, bronchial asthma, myasthenia gravis, and some types of rashes. Blood deficiency is the state in which blood flow motility is weak, and is related to symptoms such as anemia and hives. Yin deficiency is an expression for the lack of fluid, and is often matched with dryness of skin, tidal fever, and chronic rheumatism. Yang deficiency mostly refers to the insufficiency of kidney yang, and is often seen on allergic rhinitis, and chronic nephritis patients.<br /><br />When one’s level of immunity is weak or hyperactive, one’s immune system is more or less malfunctioning. This not only leads the body to be easily effected to diseases, but also may trigger symptoms from self tissue damage. Many of these disease patterns correspond to deficiency symptoms from Trditional Korean medicine. So if tonifying medicinal is appropriately applied to immune system under-function, the medicinal will help treat the symptoms by immune regulatory effect.<br /><br /><strong>Yang-tonifying Medicinal(補陽藥)</strong><br /><br />In Oriental Medicine, the word ‘Immunity’ was first shown in an 18th century medical book in which the word means restraint from injuries caused by disease. Broadly speaking, if immunity is considered as a prevention and treatment of all the diseases, its concept originates from ≪Huangdi's Internal Classic(黃帝內徑)≫. In <plain>appears the phrase ‘不治已病 治未病’(Treat the disease before it occurs, not after.) It is based on the prevention-centered idea, and a disease is considered as a process of struggle between a Healthy Qi and pathogens(邪氣) in the body. It was perceived that the strength of a Healthy Qi(正氣) directly determines the occurrence, advancement and change of diseases.<br />Because Yang(陽) means protecting the body, the meaning of Yang-tonics accords with the concept of Immunology. The action of Yang qi is needed for the circulation of blood, fluid and humor(津液) and the formation and distribution of essence flavors(正味) of five grains(五穀). The evaporation of Yang Qi is needed for mental activity and function of intestinal organs. Thus, it is thought that Yang-tonifying medicinals have an effect on increasing the level of immunity in human organisms, and they have recently been applied to many diseases.<br /><br />Most of Yang-tonifying Medicinals are assigned to the kidey meridian, acting as Kidney-tonifying medicine. As an innate source, the Kidney(腎) is the base of the body's defensive power. That is, a resistance against the intrusion of exopathogens can be connected to immunology's act of defending infection. Also, the Kidney was recognized as a bone marrow producing organ, which is related to the hematogenous functions of bone-marrow and the production of immune cells.<br /><br />Interestingly, many herbal medicines tonifying the kidney are known to increase immune cells. This action reinforces the function of the pituitary gland-interrenal system and strengthens the immune function.<br /><br />Yang-tonifying Herbs includes Epimedii Herba, Cuscutae Semen, Cistanches Herba, Psoraleae Fructus, Cynomorii Herba, Cortex Cinnamomi, Morinda officinalis, etc.<br />Cervus Nippon and Psoralia Corylifolia have clinical effects on leukopenia treatment. Also, Cuscufa Chinensis, Psoralia Corylifolia and Epimedium Brevicornum activate the phagocytosis of macrophagocyte and the conversion of T cells to relieve symptoms.<br /><br /><strong>Qi-tonifying Medicianl(補氣藥)</strong><br /><br />Because the spleen is an acquired source and an origin of vitality, most Qi-tonifying Herbs effect the spleen-stomach meridian. In immunity, several studies showed the spleen to be a basis of acquired constitution(後天的 體質). In Oriental Medicine, severely non-nutritious patients are diagnosised with a spleen deficiency. Their number of immunity and antibody cells are decreased and the whole immune system often shows to be lowered. Also, a patient with a spleen deficiency(脾虛) can easily get infection in the intestine or skin tissue. From this point of view, we can see that the spleen has an important effect in sustaining the body's immune system. It appeared that most of the components of Qi-tonifying medicinals have adjusted immune function.<br /><br />Qi-tonifying medicines commonly contain polysaccharides a lot and it's considered that through their action, B cells and T cells can be activated, the secretion of cytokine can be increased, the capacity of macrophage can be enhanced and the productions of antibodies can be increased by them as to tonify the immunocompetence. Qi-tonifying medicines have boosting effects on lung and stomach as to strengthen our immune system. The most typical medicines contain Ginseng Radix, Pilose Asia-bell, Astragali Radix, Astractylodes Rhizoma alba and Dioscoreae Rhizoma. Especially, Water-extracted Ginseng Radix is regarded as having preventive effects on influenza and boosting our body's immune system as to enhance the effect of the vaccine against influenza.<br /><br /><strong>Treatment of the disorder of the immune system.</strong><br /><br /><strong>1. Flu(Influenza)<br /></strong>It's hard to prevent our body from flu as the virus type is infinite and their infection process could be variable. Therefore, it's necessary to boost and maintain our immunocompetence to prevent it. 'Flu' is considered as 'Cold' in the West, similar to the fact that it is considered as 'Cold Pathogen' in the East. We can assume that flu has been considered in relation to the temperature. Epidemiological research reports that In temperate climate regions, the breaking out of flu increases in autumn and get to the highest point in winter and decreases in the spring. In tropical regions, however, it breaks out mostly at rainy season in the low temperature.<br /><br />The most common virus causing cold is rhinovirus. As rhino means the nose, it is associated with runny nose which is a common symptom of cold. But this virus is very sensitive to the temperature as it can grow best when the body temperature is lower than 33 degrees celsius and the higher the temperature gets, the lower the growth of the virus. If the temperature is at 39 degrees, the growth rate is 400 times less than when it's at 33 degrees. As the result of experiments on animals, it seems that viruses causing influenza also spreads better at the lower temperature condition. In conclusion, Herbal medicines can enhance our immunocompetence for flu as they generally help the metabolism in our body as to have positive effects on the regulation of the body temperature.<br /><br />In TKM, the flu is considered as 'affection by cold' or 'invasion of wind' and it's regarded that we get cold because the defensive energy called 'Defense qi' cannot protect the interstices tightly so that pathogenic wind invade in weakened part. Therefore, we have to boost the defensive energy and tighten the interstices to prevent the invasion of pathogenic energy and prevent our body from cold. Prescriptions containing medicines that tonifies lung-qi is commonly used because lung qi produces defense qi. Medicines like Okbyeongpungsan(玉屏風散) which mainly contains milk vetch root(黃芪) are commonly used. Dropping the solution of milk vetch root on the nose is considered as a good method for preventing cold. Milk vetch root increases the concentration of SlgA and lgG in mucous membranes of the surface of the nose and neutralizes the phagocytic activities of phagocytic cells. By the fact that the values of the SlgA and lgG in the serum have increased, these herbal medicines are proven to have the boosting effects on the immunocompetence.<br /><br /><strong>2. Glomerular nephritis</strong><br /><br />Most cases of nephritis are caused by antigen substances in blood combining with specific antibody to form antigen-antibody compound. When this compound is excreted through glomerulus, it files up on basement membrane, activates alexin, and cause inflammatory response. Traditional Korean medicinals used in the early stages of nephritis are ‘heat-clearing and detoxicating medicinal’(淸熱解毒藥), and ‘wind-dispelling and dampness-draining medicinal’(擧風利濕藥), which restrain immune responses. By pattern identification in TKM, chronic nephritis can be traced back to malfunction of kidney-yin and kidney-yang. Based on this diagnosis, treatment should focus on tonifying kidney-yin and kidney yang to regulate immune system, and also control overactive immune response by ‘blood-activating and stasis-resolving medicinal’(活血化瘀藥) and are ‘heat-clearing and detoxicating medicinal’(淸熱解毒藥). Particularly, Tripterygium regelii Sprague, which is a medicinal material traditionally used to treat kidney related disorders, is known to have anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving, and fever-reducing effects, thus suppressing B-cell actions and inducing T-cell to repress immune responses.<br /><br /><strong>3. Hyperthyroidism</strong><br /><br />Hyperthyroidism is often linked with mental predispositions which are generally expressed in terms such as ‘liver qi depression’(肝氣鬱滯), or ‘yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity’(陰虛陽亢). This pattern identification correspond to the modern diagnosis hat stress may cause hyperthyroidism. LATS, which is found among the blood serum of hyperthyroid patients, is a kind of immunoglobulin and is affiliated with IgG type antibody. Hyperthyroidism is often linked with mental predispositions which are generally expressed in terms such as ‘liver qi depression’(肝氣鬱滯), or ‘yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity’(陰虛陽亢). This pattern identification correspond to the modern diagnosis hat stress may cause hyperthyroidism. LATS, which is found among the blood serum of hyperthyroid patients, is a kind of immunoglobulin and is affiliated with IgG type antibody. Patients that are sorted into ‘yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity pattern’ are also often found with increased IgG/blood serum figure.<br /><br />Clinically used medicinal are targeted to ‘enrich yin and tonify qi’(養陰益氣), ‘harmonize the stomach and liver’(和胃平肝), ‘dispel phlegm and resolve dampness’(祛痰化濕). Medicinal materials on such formula are Astragalus membranaceus, Codonopsis pilosula Nannfeldt, Angelica gigas Nakai, Paeonia lactiflora, and Leonurus sibiricus L. Especially in an experiment where hyperthyroidism-induced white mice were given the ‘enrich yin and tonify qi’ medicine ‘甲亢復方’(material: Astragalus membranaceus, Paeonia lactiflora, Leonurus sibiricus L, Coptis chinensis, Rehmannia glutinosa, Cyperus rotundus, tortoise shell), their increased blood serum cAMP content was reduced. Also, liver tissue oxygen level and water drinking amount were decreased, and abnormal changes in adrenal cortex functions were regulated. Also in studies with human subjects, patients with hyperthyroidism showed high level of cAMP in blood serum and low cGMP level. This shows that by regulating disorders in cAMP/cGMP system in hyperthyroid patients, immune malfunction can be prevented.All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-85296440641557444662010-07-06T23:38:00.007+09:002010-07-06T23:59:36.684+09:00ACNE IN KOREAN MEDICINE<div align="right">written by Jooyoung Yang, Hyungjeong Gu, Dayeon Lee, Serim Kim</div><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><strong><span style="font-size:130%;">Korean Medicine defines causes of acne as seven factors</span></strong><br /><br /><br /><br />1. Heated Lung Type: A red papulosa acne and a little pustular acne appear together. A little papule can be a pyopoiesis in short time. In this type, people have much heat on their upper body, so they often wants cold water and their mouth and nose are dry. Their tongue is deep red and evacuation is irregular.<br /><br />2. Weak Stomach Type: Thick acne appears and suddenly disappears. Acne usually appears around the mouth. Acne appearance is on-and-off, so possibility to be a pyopoiesis is low. In this type, people have a white face and they are sensitive to the cold. If they feel stressed, it takes long to overcome.<br /><br />3. Humid Heated Stomach Type: This type shows anoily skin, so a papulosa acne and pustular acne usually appear around the cheek. These acnes appear because of the weak digestion, so when people have constipation and indigestion, it may make acne worse.<br /><br />4. Extravasated Blood Type: Symptoms can be worse before and after the menstruation. Sometimes menstrual blood is dark and forms a mass. Menstrual cycle is irregular and hands and foots are swollen. People always feel heavy and acne mostly appears around the mouth and nose.<br /><br />5. Heated Poisonous Colon Type: People having this type of acne have constipation almost throughout the year. If constipation issevere, they have to depend on drugs to evacuate. Poisonous gases in the intestine increase toxicity and mess blood. It makes skin trouble.<br /><br />6. Penetrating Vessel Meridian and Conception Vessel Meridian Lost Type: This type usually is present in women. Inflammation clearly appears around the cheek and lasts long. Skin color is dark and pigmentation may occur. Legs and arms feel feeble and sometimes accompany irregular menstruation is accompanied.<br /><br />7. Allergy: Particular ingredients in the cosmetics, perfumes, sprays can cause acne.<br /><strong></strong><br /><br /><br /><br /><strong><span style="font-size:130%;">Acnes classified according to facial areas </span></strong><br /><strong><span style="font-size:130%;"><br /><br /></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:130%;"></span></strong><a name="#56a62c41"></a><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5490805738278237634" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 310px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_FWZUOpsDE9A/TDNCujjANcI/AAAAAAAAAAU/PA9g1-byGXk/s320/%E3%85%81.jpg" border="0" /><br />This picture is from Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine(東醫寶鑑, Dong-eui-bo-gam - medical bible in Korean medicine and also listed as World Heritage by the UNESCO). This picture has the names of facial areas written by the terms of Korean medicine. Also, the picture shows the relationship between the internal organs and the facial areas by writing the names of the internal organs on the facial spots.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Number 1 area in the picture below is forehead of our face. Forehead corresponds with heart. If the heat-poison reaches heart, acne would be shown. Heat made by heart, and lung is key reason of the acne. Accordingly, patients with much acne on forehead would be under much stress or sensitive to stress.<br /><br />Since nose is located on the middle of the face (number 3 section on the picture below), many internal organs are connected with nose. Especially, liver, lung, stomach have relationships with nose.<br /><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5490806171199148418" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 228px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_FWZUOpsDE9A/TDNDHwTZEYI/AAAAAAAAAAc/i6zT8JRFGKg/s320/%E3%84%B9%E3%85%8E.jpg" border="0" /><br />In the case of cheek, each side of cheek has each own relative internal organs. Acnes on the left cheek (number 2 section in the picture) are originated from problems in liver. Also, troubles in lung can be the reason of the acnes on the right cheek (number 4 section in the picture) left cheek. Due to the close relationship between liver and lung, acnes come out on the left and right cheeks at a time. Also, the cheek is the final spot of The Large Intestine Channel - meridian system that covers the large intestine related disease. Therefore, the acnes on the cheeks have relationship with the troubles in the large intestine.<br /><br />Acnes areas around month (number 5 section on the picture below) are originated from the leukorrhea around menstruation period, since the number 5 section is assigned to uterus and ovary. Sometimes, the acnes are originated from the troubles of stomach.<br /><br /><a name="#56a62c42"></a>Acnes on chin (number 6 section) come out because of the degeneration of intestine's function. Anemia and deficiency of calcium can be the reasons of the acnes on chin. Sometimes the acne on this area is from menstruation period disease which is covered by Korean Medicine as "feeling of cold - feeling cold in the certain organs such as hands and feet.<br /><br /><br /><br />Reference<br />- Complete Korean medicine treatment of acne by curing reason, Mi-green Doctors, Moogo,Seoul - Cure acne by Korean medicien - Haneulto Korean medical doctors, 2009 magic house, Seoul<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><strong>How do you treat acnes in Korean Medicine?</strong> </span><br /><br /><br />Acne treatment in Korean Medicine is not only about the skin itself. It focuses on the abnormal heat inside the body and the imbalance between its organs which are the fundamental causes of acnes. By prescribing Korean herbal medicines according to a person's physical constitution, Korean medicine treatment calms down the heat inside the body, especially in the stomach, and balances the incretion of the body. This eliminates toxins from the skin and induces acnes to be cured naturally. After that, acnes and their scars on the skin are cured by Korean medicine's own acupuncture therapy called MTS. When acupuncture stimulates collagen ingredients on the cutis that were arranged irregularly, they are induced to be rearranged. Then, we have to make small scratches on the skin by stimulating cutis. These scratches go through the process of the natural rebirth of the skin cells and become a clear skin without acnes and scars.<br />With this Korean medicine treatment, many people concerned about acnes are experiencing surprising effects. Unlike the western medicine only treating the skin itself, Korean medicine solves the fundamental causes, so the rate of recurrence is very low. However, during the time you are taking medicines for internal treatment, you can still have acnes due to the acne germs in the deep part of the skin that are not eliminated yet. Some people are disappointed with this, and stop taking Korean medicines. However, it takes about 2-3 months, on average, to thoroughly eliminate acne germs and treat internal body.<br />So, be patient and get constant treatment! Then, you will be free from those annoying acnes!!Kimserimhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00711056900852373643noreply@blogger.com18tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-39065618135484712222010-07-06T14:05:00.003+09:002010-07-06T23:58:58.338+09:00Difference between TKM and TCM - through 'Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine(東醫寶鑑)'<div align="left"> </div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right">written by Minyoung Park, Sanghwa Lee, Seonwoo Choi, Yoonna Kim</div><p><br /><br /><br />In 2009, the U.N. Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) added "Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine(東醫寶鑑)(aka Dongeuibogam)" to its Memory of the World Register at the ninth meeting of the International Advisory Committee in Barbados. According to UNESCO, "Eastern Medicine and Treasured Mirror(東醫寶鑑)" was chosen because it is considered an important source of information on East Asian medicine as well as on treatment techniques which highlights the evolution of medicine in the region. Some science books had been registered as UNESCO cultural heritage but it was first time that a medical book was designated as one of them.<br /><then,><br /> <a name="[문서의 처음]"></a><br /><strong>Then, what's 'Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine'?</strong></p><strong></strong><p><br />The books were edited by the Joseon-era court physician Heo Joon(許浚) in 1613 and are described as an encyclopedia of traditional East Asian medical practices. The compilation of the books began during Korea`s Joseon era after the seven-year struggle against Japanese invasion at the turn of the 16th century. Famine and disease soon followed, providing impetus for the compilation of the books. The king commanded him to publish the medical book that puts Eastern medicine together. It how TMEM was born into the world. Heo Joon included everything about Asian medicine in TMEM but also created new paradigm of traditional Korean medicine for himself. He absorbed and digested all the contents of traditional Korean medicine and reorganized them. This point provided turning point that traditional Korean medicine becomes distinct from traditional Chinese medicine. This is why TMEM is important in Korea.<br /><br /><how> <a name="[문서의 처음]"></a><br /><strong>How did TKM become different from TCM after TMEM?</strong> </p><p><br />About thousand years ago, traditional Korean medicine(TKM) was greatly influenced by the medicine which was developed in China. In the period of the Three States and Goryeo dynasty, many medical publications and medical knowledge were introduced from China. Inversely, the exportation of medical herbs and reexportation of disappeared chinese medical books show that how active the interaction of Korea and China was. The medicine of those two countries, which had a close relation, were gradually divided into different part and now they go independently.<br />The significant turning point of division was from ‘Treasured Mirror of Eastern medicine(東醫寶鑑)’. Joseon dynasty started to avoid China intentionally after Ming Dynasty fell and Qing established and this event made huge influence on Korean medicine. Because of the barrier of Korea and China, it was hard to pass down Ming Dynasty's most famous medical practitional, Zhang Jiebin's medical idea and Warm disease study(溫病學) of Qing dynasty properly. In addition, Korean medicine intensively interpreted and summarized ‘Treasured Mirror of Eastern medicine' instead of accepting Chinese medicine, finally developing as a independent medicine.<br />In these days, TCM is mainly based on 'Warm disease study(溫病學)' of Qing dynasty and TKM, on the other hand, is based on ‘TMEM' written by Heo Joon and 'Four constitutional medicine(四象醫學)' by Lee Je-Ma. (It developed from ‘TMEM''s constitutional concept. Nowadays oriental medicine doctors basically consider individual constitution) Therefore, there is a distinct difference in TCM and TKM’s prescription. For example, while TCM uses cold prescriptions like ‘cheongonpedokeum(淸瘟敗毒飮)’ to remove warm pathogen(溫邪), TKM uses restorative medicines to clear deficiency heat(虛熱).<br /><br />Then, let's check the distinctive features of DBG from TCM concretely.<br /><br /><br /><what's><br /> <strong>What's different between TKM and TCM?</strong> <a name="[문서의 처음]"></a><br /><br />Ⅰ) The way they observe people when curing<br />Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and traditional Korean medicine(TKM) have similarities, but there is a distinctive difference between the two in the method of observing the human body. In the case of TCM, the table of contents in the most of the TCM textbook consists of yin-yang, five phases, viscera and bowels, qi(the fundamental life-force or energy), blood, fluid and humor, meridian and collateral theory and the cause of a disease in order, while essence-spirit is classified separately. As above, the method of observing the human body in TCM takes the order from the outside to the inside. For example, 'Introduction to Medicine(醫學入門)', which is Li Chan's book in Ming, is based on the theory 'correspondence between nature and human'. After understanding five circuits and six qi which are controlling power of nature, it takes the order of going from outside to inside through meridian and collateral and viscera and bowels.<br />On the other hand, the table of contents in 'Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine(東醫寶鑑), consists of Naekyung-pyon(about internal side of the body), Woehyung-pyon(about external side of the body), Jopbyung-pyon(about various kinds of diseases except for diseases in Naekyung-pyon and Woehyung-pyon), Tangaek-pyon(about medical herbs in nature), and Chimgu-pyon(about acupuncture and moxibustion). In other words, 'TMEM' takes the method of observing the human body from the inside to the outside in order of 'essence, qi, spirit and blood', 'viscera and bowels', 'appearance'. Following TMEM, most of TKM textbooks used the method of observing the human body from the inside to the outside. This characteristic of TKM is going its own way which is different from TCM.<br /><br />Ⅱ) Boyak, which helps patient recover rather than removing pathogen<br />Another TKM characteristic found in Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine(東醫寶鑑) is ‘Bo-yak(補藥)’. Literally, bo-yak(補藥) means medicine that builds up one's health. In Korea, when one is weak and looks pale, Koreans usually tell him “Take Bo-yak(補藥).” Bo-yak is very common in Korea that most Koreans have taken it when they were weak. This popular medicine, 'Bo-yak' is one of the biggest characteristics of traditional Korean medicine. Medicine can be divided into bo-yak and curative medicine(治療藥). While curative medicine is for external and visible symptoms, bo-yak is applied to symptoms that medical equipments can't detect but patients feel or doctors catch through pulse diagnosis(脈診). Thus, bo-yak can be treated as preventive medicine and requires high technology.<br />The most important role of bo-yak is preventing pathogenic fall and rise of qi of organs. It was proved that bo-yak helps several indicators of health to return to normal rate such as rate of hemoglobin, total protein, maximum/minimum B.P.(Cho, Musang, 1989). Whether one's health indicator value is high or low, bo-yak can regulate it to become normal rate. One of the example is 'ginseng'. As a matter of course, this impressive effect can be guaranteed only when doctor has prescribed according to systematic diagnosis.<br />As described above, Treatise on Cold Damage Disease(傷寒論) and Warm disease study(溫病學), which are about exopathic disease and epidemic respectively, became dominant in China. As they paid attention to eliminating pathogen that has intruded patients' body, Chinese doctors became rather indifferent to reinforcing one's health while a person is healthy. However, in Korea, people continued to focus on reinforcing to confer immunity. Finally, Korean research on bo-yak is beyond all comparison and market of bo-yak is enormous in Korea.<br /><br />Ⅲ) Human-centric Medicine<br />One thing that proves ‘Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine(東醫寶鑑)’ has its own superiority and originality is it inspired TKM to become 'human-centric-medicine'. While Chinese medical books handled diseases one by one, Heo Joon’s ‘Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine’ treated each patient with holistic point of view, based on his unique thought about human. He thought that human beings can’t live without nature and everything of the world gives effect on human beings.<br />‘TMEM’ explains essence, qi, spirit. Putting Taoism’s essence, qi, spirit to Medicine’s essence, qi, spirit is one of the Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine's characteristics. Essence, qi, spirit are human’s most important factors in Taoism. Essence is a essential qi inside the kidney, and it’s the main factor of human being. Qi is basic source and qi exists in human body as an energy. Spirit is a mental action which appears on the foundation of essence and qi. Including Taoism’s essence, qi, spirit into the ‘TMEM’ shows that this book accepted Taoism life nurturing as a medicine.<br />Another evidence that explains ‘Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine’ as human-centric-medicine is 'constitution'. 'Constitution' means classifying each person according to both his external and internal characteristics and curing him by corresponding constitution. Heo Joon said that classifying people has several standard. He classified people by checking that he’s strong or not, fat or thin, black or white, tall or short, male or female, old or young, brave or not and what kind of work is he doing. Through this, doctors can provide customized medicine to each patients and are able to guarantee high cure rate.<br />Owing to these points(nature-familiar-idea and constitutional medicine), ‘TMEM’ was written 400 years ago but it is 'human-centric-book. It it so valuable in that this idea corresponds to modern medicine which focuses on customized medicine.<br />With all passion to keep on these characteristics of TKM, another achievement came out in 1984. It's 'Four Constitutional Medicine(四象醫學)‘.<br /><br /><br />Reference<br />-『Principle of Korean Medicine』 Kim, Wan-hee p.10 ~ 12<br />- Study on Table of Contents of 'Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine', Lee, In-soo, Yoon, Chang-yeol<br />- Study on the Tri-origin of Asian Medical History Based on the Contents of Dong-Eui-Bo-Gam, Byoung Soo Kim, Jung Soo Kang, Korean J. Oriental Physiology &amp; Pathology 22(4):746~753, 2008<br />- Korea Herald, 2009. 08. 01. By Song, Woong-ki<br />- Rewriting Korean Medical History(한국의학사 다시 쓰기). Oh!my News. Kang, Yeon-seok<br />- Correct comprehension of TKM. Keum, Kyoung-soo. World of Electricity. 2005, 54(7) </p>Kimserimhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00711056900852373643noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-14091699014440230462010-07-06T14:01:00.002+09:002010-07-15T12:35:42.224+09:00Four Constitutional Medicine 2<div align="right"><a name="[문서의 처음]"></a><br />written by Hyejin Seo, Sehyun Kang, Junhyeong Park, Yeongwoo Seo</div><br /><br />Q: Four-Constitution Medicine has explanations of the food that benefits each types of constitution. How can this constitutional food be used in everyday life?<br /><br />Professor : In several books on Oriental Medicine, some phrases mention that grain, vegetables, alcoholic drink which many people eat commonly can be used for treatment. In Four-Constitution Medicine, there are also some explanations about the ingredient of the constitutional food. However, I think the view that equates food with medicine is wrong.<br />In Four-Constitution Medicine, the nature of the constitutional food is the individual character of the materials of food itself, not the character of cooked dish. We should notice that it is not desirable to insist on the constitutional food material because this can cause an unbalance of nutrients. In addition, the attempt to eat only the constitutional food rashly can cause diseases. In general situations, eating only the constitutional food that benefit one's type of constitution can possibly result in some problems such as stress-related illnesses.<br />Therefore, we should eat food made out of various ingredients when we are in good health. In bad health conditions, however, the constitutional food can be used for advice to plan a meal focused on selecting the food and avoiding the ingredients that can be harmful to health.<br /><br /><br />Q: In Western Medicine, patient-specific medicine wins a great deal of popularity. Patient-specific medicine refers to a medical method that prescribes medicine and administer the correct dose based oneach patient's difference. Then what is the difference between patient-specific medicine and the constitutional method in Four-Constitution Medicine? And how much of a contribution has the development of Four-Constitution Medicine made towards medical and scientific fields?<br /><br />Professor : The Western Medicine has gradually changed from the medicine that perceives the body locally and anatomically to the medicine that observes the body as a whole. For example, a recent research on blood pressure is based on the perception that considers several factors such as heart, blood vessel, autonomic nerve, hormone as one mechanism. In addition, there have been some attempts to observe the human body by studying genes, which is based on a perspective that innate factors related to the potential occurrence of diseases exist in genes. But I think it is going to take long time for these attempts to bring successful results.<br />Four-Constitution Medicine categorizes the special characteristics of people into four constitutions. It doesnot classify people individually based on the difference in genes as opposed to Western Medicine. In other words, Four-Constitution Medicine does not consider the 6 billion people as 6 billion individuals. On the contrary, It analyzes people in various ways such as physiological way, clinical way, appearance, and character. Based on the analyzation, it classifies individuals into the four constitutions based on the characteristics in common.<br />Recently, mutual exchanges between Western Medicine and Four-Constitution Medicine have largely progressed, and these exchanges trigger the clinical proof of a considerable contents in Four-Constitution Medicine. For example, Four-Constitution Medicine suggests that obesity is mostly common among greater yang person. Actually, a large number of greater yang people suffer from this disease according to the clinical research.<br />In accordance with these research outcomes, gradually larger number of Western medical researchers offer to co-research with TKM researchers on Four-Constitution Medicine. Nevertheless, I believe that the researchers in Four-Constitution Medicine should make a new therapy and verify the constitution by finding systematic indicators classifying the constitution objectively. When the researchers find out the indicators that can classify person regardless of gender, age and any other factors and massive research data can support these indicators, Four-Constitution Medicine can exercise enormous effects on the development in Medicine and Science.<br /><br /><br />Q : How come we should study Four Constitutional Medicine(FCM)?<br /><br />Professor : First of all, it is highly important that students are willing to study Four Constitutional Medicine. Recently, some students are hostile to FCM, arguing that it is not included in Traditional Korean Medicine(TKM). However, It clearly is a part of TKM(Please refer to the interview part Ⅰ. Blind exclusivism impedes the development of TKM itself, just like some exclusive religions do. All the people studying TKM should study the basic of FCM, at least.<br />Second, FCM distinguishes TKM from Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM). While TCM only demonstrates symptom and treat without putting stresses on the patients' situation(which is, it only cares about the symptoms of patients) just as Western Medicine does, TKM observes patients first and consequently takes care of his/her symptoms, since it is a kind of Form Medicine(形象醫學) that figures out pathological evidences from one's appearance. FCM is one of the best ways to learn about people(patients),I think.<br />Third, it is exciting to study FCM. There are two parts of FCM, one is philosophy, and the other is methodology. Both are fun, though hard to learn. Students will get their eyes open by studying FCM theory. Speaking figuratively, it is much pleasurable and easy to calculate the area of circle with Integral Calculate than merely with elemental mathematical knowledge(cut circle into thinnest pieces which is triangles and sum up the area of the triangles).Kimserimhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00711056900852373643noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-73097447981336071852010-07-06T13:21:00.004+09:002010-07-14T15:26:15.352+09:00Preventive Medicine For Modern Times<div align="right">written by: Seonghee Joo, Seonghwan Cho, Jongwoo Kim, Nayeon Ha, YeoEun Park</div><div align="right">edited by: YeoEun Park</div><br /><br />Modern times breed modern diseases. While unprecedented growth of civilization set most of human race free from plague and famine, new health problems are coming into spotlight. More nutrition and less exercise led to deterioration of health, which can be loosely bound in a category of diseases called 'adult diseases.' Adult diseases, also called lifestyle diseases, include variety of diseases such as obesity, diabetes, arthritis, and cancer. As many of adult diseases are caused by one's diet, stress factor and overall lifestyle, every day prevention is necessary. In this article we will discuss how Traditional Korean medicine can help prevent adult diseases such as obesity, hypertesion, diabetes, and stroke.<br /><br /><br /><strong>1. Obesity</strong><br /><br />A person with obesity is generally overweight, but a person who has lots of muscles instead of fats can also be overweight, so we define 'obesity' as a condition of an accumulated excess body fat. Body Mass Index, a measurement which compares weight and height, defines people being overweight when BMI is over thirty for western people, and over twenty-five for Asians.<br />Obesity is known as a direct cause for adult diseases like diabetes, stroke, hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, heart disease and is also related to arthritis, gout, infertility and menstrual irregularity. It may even trigger more serious diseases such as colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, gallbladder cancer and breast cancer, and is one of the greatest risk factors to health that shortens our life span and lowers our life quality.<br /><br />(1) Dietary treatment for Obesity<br /><br />Adult diseases are not individual disease to each other. Rather they are closely connected that they cause and aggravate other adult diseases. Therefore dietary treatments for them have a lot in common. Basically we need to cut back a high-salt and a high-fat diet which is wrong diet of modern people. Also roasted and fried food which is rich in carbohydrate, three-white food (white rice, white wheat, white salt), and drinking alcohol should be moderated. Instead we should plan the Mediterranean diet, which mainly consists of fruits, fishes, and vegetables. Additionally intake of potassium is recommended that it boost discharge of sodium to bring down blood pressure.<br />Low calorie diet containing adequate amount of essential nutrient is recommended. Fruits and vegetables, for instance beans, adlay, tomatoes, cucumber, low-fat fish, buckwheat, weed, onion, carrot and cabbage are good for obesity cure.<br /><br />(2) Exercise cure for obesity<br /><br />Highly intensive aerobic exercise is effective for obesity but it should not be continued after the body feels fatigue. Though exercise that lasts less than an hour has appetite-suppressing effect, exercise more than an hour reversely boost appetite, so 40 minutes-exercise for 4 times a week is recommended.<br />One of the traditional exercise treatments is Qigong exercise, which is descended from ancient China exercise school(養生長壽術 十勢功法道家 華山派). It is called 龍遊功(Yongyoogong, which is also called 三環功-Samhwangong, as it puts hands together and turn around three times), because its movement is quite similar to dragon’s waving. It is effective for losing unwanted weight and keeping good body shapes. Other exercises such as 按腹行法(Walking while massaging stomach), 正坐深呼吸法(Sitting up straight and deeply breathing), 香陵六合氣功(hyangnengyukkigong) are becoming accepted as being helpful on treating obesity.<br /><br />(3) Medicinal Treatment for Obesity<br /><br />① Bangpungtongseongsan(防風通聖散)<br />- Cnidium officinale 4.0, Saposhnikovia divaricata 4.0, Angelica gigas 4.0, Paeonia lactiflora 4.0, Mentha piperascens (Malinv.) Holmes 4.0, Forsythia viridissima 4.0, Ephedra sinica 4.0, Erigeron canadensis 4.0, Rheum palmatum 4.0 gypsum 4.0, Platycodon grandiflorum A. De Candolle 4.0, Scutellaria baicalensis 4.0, Artractylodes japonica 3.0, Schizonepeta tenuifolia var. japonica 3.0, Zingiber officinale 3.0, talcum10.0, Gardenia jasminoides 3.0, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 2.0<br />- Used when colonic motility is too excessive, as this hyperactivity tends to cause constipation.<br />- Used when patients have lots of fat cells, suffer from obesity and hyperlipidemia which causes skin allergies, mucous allergies, skin diseases, hypertension, mental disorders, etc :<br />* Reduce the viscosity of blood<br />* Anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic action<br />* Proliferate the blood circulation<br />* Controls autonomic nervous system<br />* Treats inflammation of the urinary system<br /><br />- Mentha piperascens Holmes, Platycodon grandiflorum A. De Candolle, Scutellaria baicalensis have anti-inflammatory effects.<br />- Forsythia viridissima, Scutellaria baicalensis, Artractylodes japonica have anti-allergic effects.<br />- Forsythia viridissima, Saposhnikovia divaricata, Rheum palmatum, Schizonepeta tenuifolia var. japonica, talcum have antibacterial activities as to treat the inflammation of urinary system and skin.<br />- Rheum palmatum, Scutellaria baicalensis, Schizonepeta tenuifolia var. japonica, Gardenia jasminoides reduces the viscosity of blood as to relieve inflammatory diseases and hypertension.<br />- Cnidium officinale, Gardenia jasminoides tranquilize the nerves.<br />- Cnidium officinale, Angelica gigas, Paeonia lactiflora proliferate the blood circulation by improving the vasomotion ability<br />- Erigeron canadensis, Rheum palmatum cause quick discharge of the intestinal contents as to treat the viscosity of blood caused by intestinal stagnation of the contents.<br />- Ephedra sinica, Paeonia lactiflora, Zingiber officinale excrete impurities in interstitial cells by letting the patient sweat.<br />- This herbal medicine often used for person who has excessive subcutaneous fat around the belly button. It is effective for obese patients with constipation and hypertension as it eliminates unnecessary wastes through the secretion of sweat, urine and feces.<br /><br /><br />② Chegameuiin-tang(體減薏苡仁湯)<br />- Coix lacryma-jobi 8g, Rehmannia glutinosa 7g, Sinomenium acutum 4g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis ․ Astragalus membranaceus ․ Dioscorea batatas ․ Akebia quinata ․ Alisma canaliculatum ․ Magnolia obovata ․ Polyporus umbellatus ․ Juncus effusus ․ Raphanus sativus ․ Angelica gigas ․ Epimedium koreanum ․ Lycium chinense Miller ․ Cornus officinalis 2.5g each, Cnidium officinale ․ Carthamus tinctorius ․ Caesalpina sappan 1.5g each.<br />- This herbal medicine is effective for generally healthy, yet obese patients who have great appetite, sleep much and hate moving their body.<br />- It treats these patients by improving blood circulation, reducing the appetite, improving endurance, promoting fat decomposition and smooth discharge of urine and feces.<br /><br /><br />(4) Acupuncture and Moxibustion for Obesity<br />Meridians are pathway for qi and blood, the principle constituents of human activity. They are affiliated with organ in internal part of body, and distributed all over the external part. Traditional Korean medicine defines heath as the state in which qi, blood, and body fluids are appropriately circulating. Acupuncture and moxibustion can stimulate certain points on meridians, thus controlling overall energy and metabolism system, and cure diseases. Historical books on medicine show that 'life-nurturing moxibustion'(養生灸), by applying moxa on certain areas during healthy state, can prevent illness and invigorate human body.<br />It has been studied that stimulation by acupuncture or chuna may promote metabolism and regulate endocrine system. These functions lead to effects similar to lipolysis and thus help reduce body fat. Chuna or massage basically stimulate the body in the same way as acupuncture, and also has weight reducing effect. Traditionally used body area for weight reduction is the back. Stimulation of he back induce fat reducing effect on the whole body. The back is seen as the area where body's Yang qi is concentrated, and governor vessel, which is the meridian that controls the overall yang meridians, passes through the back. Modern studies show that brown fat cells are amassed on the back. Massage on the back stimulated heat production of the brown fat cells, and lets the excess energy to be consumed.<br /><br /><br /><strong>2. Diabetes</strong><br /><br />Diabetes is called ‘wasting-thirst’(So-gal) in Korean medicine. It is true that diabetes is often caused by stress, lack of exercise, high-calories, fats and proteins diet. Diabetes, however, can also be occurred by specific gene deficiency and also by pancreas operation, infection and medicine. People who have diabetes can easily have obesity, high blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia, and in treatment doctors must take those other factors into consideration.<br />When diabetes is not severe, there are no special symptoms, but usually when blood glucose is high, patients feel thirsty, drink lots of water, eat lots of meals but lose weight and feel lethargy, and urinate more.<br /><br />(1) Dietary treatment for Diabetes<br /><br />Being overweight easily leads to wasting-thirst, therefore fatty food, roasted or fried food, high-carbohydrate food which causes obesity should be avoided. Additionally, drinking alcohol and eating sweet fruits should also be kept off. Instead low-salt diet is strongly recommended. In this way, diabetes can be prevented without any medication treatments.<br /><br />(2) Exercise &amp; Mental cure for diabetes<br /><br />“Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases”(諸病源候論), Korean medicine classic emphasized importance of proper exercise, and says that we should walk 125~1000 steps before taking a meal. Another classic “Medical Secrets of an Official”(外臺秘要) suggests to concrete example of abstentious life style; exercises should not be too intensive, take a walk to digest after having a meal, prohibits late-night meal, and having small amount of meal at once but for several times.<br />Mental stress like anger, agony and depression forms heat inside the body that induces wasting-thirst. Accordingly, at the early period, wasting-thirst can be treated if one suppresses greed and worry. However, once this moderation is neglected, even the best medication and doctor can’t treat wasting-thirst.<br /><br />(3) Medicinal Treatment for Diabetes<br /><br />① Yukmiziwhangwhan-gagambang(六味地黃丸加減方)<br /><a name="#56a09b48"></a>- 生地黃(Rehmanniae Radix), 山藥(Dioscoreae Rhizoma), 石膏(Gypsum Fibrosum) 10g each, 牧丹皮(Moutan Cortex), 瓜蔞根(Trichosanthis Radix), 麥門冬(Liriopes Radix), 山茱萸(Corni Fructus) 6g each.<br />- Boil down the above herbs as a pack after meals, two times a day.<br />- Rehmannia Radix reduces the blood sugar to low level, nourishes the blood and strengthens the heart.<br />- Gypsum Fibrosum, Liriopes Radix relieves thirst, and treats eating disorder and bulimia.<br />- Moutan Cortex and Trichosanthis Radix soothes the skin inflammation caused by diabetes, reduces fever, and relieves thirst.<br />- Corni Fructus reduces polyuria, and Dioscoreae Rhizoma relieves thirst along with Gypsum Fibrosum, Liriopes Radix, and Trichosanthis Radix.<br /><br />② Gami-Jeonssibaekchulsan(加味錢氏白朮散)<br />- 葛根(Puerariae Radix) 2don, 人蔘(Ginseng Radix), 白朮(Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), 白茯苓(Poria), 藿香(Agastachis Herba), 甘草(Glycyrrhizae Radix) 1don each, 木香(Aucklandiae Radix), 柴胡(Bupleuri Radix), 枳殼(Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium), 五味子(Schizandrae Fructus) 5poon each.<br />- It treats decreased appetite from wasting-thirst and the frequent feeling of starvation from wasting-middle(消中).<br /><br />(4) Acupuncture and Moxibustion for Diabetes<br /><br />The foremost cause of diabetes might be spleen, but the root of the matter lies in kidney. Spleen can only function properly when it is heated from the yang qi of the kidney. Also it is important for the lung to be lubricated by the yin fluid of kidney to smoothly function. This is why in treatment of diabetes, traditional korean medicine first applies acupuncture on the BL23(腎兪穴) of the back and waist area. Because kidney malfunction is often caused by liver disorders, BL18(肝兪穴), where qi of the liver assembles, is also used for acupuncture and moxibustion. Then BL13(肺兪穴) BL20(脾兪穴) is treated to cure the liver and spleen. Finally acupuncture and moxibustion is applied to CV12(巨闕穴), where qi of the heart accumulates on the upper abdomen, and all five viscera is treated. This not only cures diabetes but also prevents the disease itself or further complications.<br />An important characteristic of oriental medicine is that it emphasizes to tonify and strengthen the body before directly treating the pathogen. Thus treatment of diabetes includes acupuncture points that boost the healthy qi of the body. LR14(期門穴) regulates spleen. The spleen is considered as a digestive organ, and it is said to provide other visceral organs with the qi through digestion. ST36(足三里) on both legs, LI11(曲池) on both arms, and CV21(中脘穴) of the stomach are treated to control the balance of qi and blood. Also the source qi is strengthened through treatment of CV6(氣海穴), which is located below the navel and is called 'sea of qi', and CV4(關元穴), where the origin qi is gathered.<br /><br /><strong>3. Hypertension</strong><br /><br />Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is the state when a person's systolic blood pressure is over 140 mmHgm, or diastolic blood pressure is over 90 mmHg for adults over eighteen. Systolic blood pressure is the pressure on blood vessels when the heart contracts and pushes blood out. Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure on blood vessles when the heart expands and takes blood in.<br />Hypertension can be divided into two types. One is secondary hypertension, which is hypertension when a direct causative disorder is known, and the other is essential hypertension whose cause is not found. Ninety-five percent of all high blood pressure patients are suffering from essential hypertension. The fundamental cause of essential hypertension is not specific, but it seems to be caused by increase of cardiac output, a amount of blood pushed by heart during one minute or an increase of tip vessel resistance. Dangerous factors related to high blood pressure include family history, drinking, smoking, aging, lack of exercise, obesity, salty diet, and stress.<br /><br />(1) Dietary treatment for Hypertension<br /><br />Hypertension and arteriosclerosis are often due to lack of blood circulation, which is caused by excessive intake of salt and fat. Hence, diet has to be focused on promoting blood circulation and reducing intake of salt. Lowering blood pressure treatment is probably ineffective unless diet is improved. Consequently, planning proper diet is the very start of all cures.<br /><br />(2) Exercise cure for hypertension<br /><br />Qigong exercise like tai chi chuan is highly recommended. It moves body slowly , and doesn’t put stress on joint but strengthen cardiovascular system. Besides its effect of enhancing muscles, relaxing joints and making blood circulation smoothly, it is said to let the practicer absorb energy from Nature, remove pathogen and strengthen danjeon. Also tai chi chuan reconciles body and qi, it improves arteries and capillaries at the same time.<br /><br />(3) Medicinal Treatment for Hypertension<br /><br />① Samhwangsasim-tang(三黃瀉心湯)<br />- Rheum palmatum(大黃) 7.5g, Scutellaria baicalensis(黃芩) 3.75g, Coptis chinensis(黃連) 7.5g<br />- Slice the medicine to make 1 dose and soak it in 1 cup of boiling water. Wring it after a long while, discard the solids, and then drink warm over 2 sessions.<br />- Rheum palmatum(大黃) reduces the viscosity of blood by purgative action(瀉下作用).<br />- Scutellaria baicalensis(黃芩) is effective for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.<br />- Coptis chinensis(黃連), Scutellaria baicalensis(黃芩) relieve the hyperemia of blood vessels.<br />- Coptis chinensis(黃連), Scutellaria baicalensis(黃芩) have central nervous system depressant effect.<br /><br />② Hwangryunhaedok-tang(黃蓮解毒湯)<br />- Coptis chinensis(黃連) 1.5g, Phellodendron amurense(黃柏) 1.5g, Scutellaria baicalensis(黃芩) 3g, Gardenia jasminoides(梔子) 2g<br />- Coptis chinensis(黃連), Scutellaria baicalensis(黃芩), Gardenia jasminoides(梔子) have a sedation effect.<br />- Coptis chinensis(黃連), Phellodendron amurense(黃柏), Scutellaria baicalensis(黃芩) relieve the congestion of blood, reduce the viscosity of blood and have antibacterial activities.<br />- As Hwangryunhaedok-tang(黃蓮解毒湯) can treat the hyperemia and inflammation of blood vessels and tranquilize the nerves, it can be used for the symptoms like the hyperemia, anxiety neurosis or inflammatory diseases.<br /><br />(4) Acupuncture and Moxibustion for Hypertension<br /><br />Acupuncture and moxibustion depend on natural healing power of human body to improve functions of circulation system, and can thus prevent hypertension.<br />Treatment principles on hypertenstion is to 'pacify the liver to subdue Yang' (平肝鎭陽), and usually add or omit allopathic treatment according to symptoms. Some studies show that acupuncture is effective on patients with essential hypertension. WFAS(World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Society) has issued experimental date that shows by applying ear acupuncture, participants' blood pressure can drop by minimum of 10mmHG to maximum 20 to 30mmHG.<br />Common use acupuncture points on hypertensions are: GB20(風池), LI11(曲池), ST36(足三里), LR3(太衝)<br /><br /><strong>4. Stroke</strong><br /><br />Stroke, or cerebrovascular accident, is a long lasting disorder which is caused by partial or overall injury of the brain. In Oriental Medicine, it is called 'wind stroke' or simply 'wind', but 'wind' contains diseases not classified as stroke in Western medicine. Therefore it is better to distinguish stroke and wind stroke.<br />Ischemic stroke occurs when a brain blood vessel is blocked or when a brain blood vessel is torn and the blood permeates through brain tissues. Because the brain is an essential organ that controls all human behavior, various symptoms happen depending on which part of brain is damaged. The most common symptoms are paralysed arm and leg on one side of the body, sensory disorder, not specific pronunciation, feeling dizziness and other discomforts.<br /><br />(1) Dietary treatment for stroke<br /><br />As all other adult diseases, stroke prevention also requires large amount of potassium-rich food based on a low-salt and a low-fat diet so that blood can flow smoothly. To reduce calories, meal portion should be cut down to 80% of before. Dietary fibers and water intake must be increased but high-cholesterol foods like mushrooms, seaweeds and beans must be avoided.<br /><br />(2) Medicinal Treatment for Stroke<br /><br />① Ohyaksungisan(烏藥順氣散)<br />- 麻黃(Ephedrae Herba)·陳皮(Citri Pericarpium)·烏藥(Linderae Radix) 6g each, 川芎(Chidii Rhizoma)·白芷(Angelicae Dahuricae Radix)·白殭蠶(Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus)·枳殼(Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium)·桔梗(Platycodi Radix) 4g each, 乾薑(Zingiberis Rhizoma Siccus) 2g, 甘草(Glycyrrhizae Radix) 1.2g, 生薑(Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) 3, 大棗(Zizyphi Fructus) 2<br />- Boil down the above herbs as a pack three times a day, 1 hour after meals.<br />- It controls qi to prevent and treat stroke. Also, it is good for people who are worried about having stroke due to physical disharmony and mental tension, since stroke seizures are prevented when qi communicates smoothly. For stroke and all of the signs of the disease, these herbs should be taken to communicate qi in advance, along with the following prescribed herbs. It is good to take this medicine when there is pain, a sense of illness somewhere in the body, or impediment in speech.<br /><br />②Sopung-tang(疎風湯)<br />- 羌活(Notopterygii Rhizoma)·防風(Saposhnikovia Radix)·當歸(Angelicae Gigantis Radix)·川芎(Cnidii Rhizoma)·赤茯苓(Poria)·陳皮(Citri Pericarpium)·半夏(Pinelliae Rhizoma)·烏藥(Linderae Radix)· 柏脂(Thujae Resina), 香附子(Cyperi Rhizoma) 3.2g each, 桂枝(Cinnamomi Ramulus)·細辛(Asari Herba Cum Radix)·甘草(Glycyrrhizae Radix) 1.2g each, 生薑(Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) 3 pieces.<br />- Boil down the above herbs as a pack three times a day, 1 hour after meals.<br />- It is prescribed when there are symptoms of a light stroke disease including the numbness at the end of four limbs.<br />- The name Sopung implies that the medicine dispels the wind from the body.<br /><br />(3) Acupuncture and Moxibustion for Stroke<br /><br />Cerebrovascular disorders, commonly called stroke, are often caused by hypertension. Traditional Korean medicine has long shown strongness on chronic stroke, half-body paralysis, dementia, and inappetance. It is also particularly effective for aftereffect of stroke. Traditional Korean medicine doctors diagnose 'phlegm-dampness' or 'phlegm-heat' as some of the pathogens of stroke. In those two cases, it is more important to unblock the meridian rather than using restorative herbal medicine. This is where acupuncture and moxibustion can step in as appropriate preventive treatment for stroke. Acupuncture and moxibustion have no side effects when used together with Western medicine treatment or herbal medicine. Also because acupuncture-moxibustion regulates autonomic nerve, it alleviates general symptoms and induce functional recovery. Thus acupuncture and moxibustion treatment are effectively used for prevention against stroke by regulating blood pressure or preventing relapse.Kimserimhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00711056900852373643noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-34414044153568514102010-07-06T12:10:00.003+09:002010-07-14T01:13:37.283+09:00COLD<a name="[문서의 처음]"></a><div align="right"><br />written by: Yejin Go, Heeyeon Shin, Dahye Jeong,<br />Wonkyung Moon, and Sunwoong Kim (in order of writing)<br />edited by: Wonkyung Moon </div><div align="left"><br />It is very easy to catch cold, but most people do not think of it as a big deal. However, it is difficult to define what a cold is, since it is very complicated. Even in some cases where people show symptoms that are often closely connected to cold, such as cough and runny nose, it often turns out that they do not have cold. Thus, we would like to find out how cold can be defined.<br />First, how is cold defined in Western Medicine? In WM, cold means inflammation in respiratory organs such as the nasal cavity, throat, bronchial tubes, or lung. It does not sound like a serious disease, buy its factors vary. However, its symptoms do not seem to vary as much as the factors, and they are cough, runny nose, hoarse throat, sore throat, fever, headache, and fatigue.<br />In Oriental Medicine, cold is a disease pattern(證) which includes secondary symptoms(症) that are presented when wind pathogen(風邪) or cold pathogen(寒邪) enters the exterior part(表部) of the body, and/or when the qi in the exterior part(表部) is weak. </div><div align="left"></div><div align="left"><br /><strong>CAUSES OF COLD</strong> </div><div align="left"><br />While viruses are the main cause of cold in Western Medicine, TKM(traditional Korean medicine) takes a different point of view. There are two ways cold can occur in the human body, and they are when pathogens enter the body, or when the body is weak. The former, when the cause is limited only to pathogenic qi(邪氣) such as wind or cold pathogens(風邪, 寒邪), is called external contraction of wind-cold syndrome(外感風寒證). The latter, when the body displays cold-like symptoms because the body, more specifically healthy qi(正氣), has become weak, is called external contraction caused by deficient body(體虛外感證).<br />To put it in a nutshell, causes of cold can be summarized as the following: 1) when outer pathogenic qi(邪氣), such as wind pathogen(風邪) or cold pathogen(寒邪) enter the body, and 2) when inner healthy qi(正氣) has become deficient. </div><div align="left"></div><div align="left"><br /><strong>SYMPTOMS OF COLD</strong> </div><div align="left"><br />The occurrence of the common cold can be divided into two major categories; one is external contraction of wind-cold syndrome(外感風寒證), and the other is external contraction caused by the deficiency of the human body(體虛外感證).<br />First, if the exterior part of the body is infected with the pathogenic wind and cold(風邪, 寒邪), characterized by their cool nature, the pathogenic qi(邪氣) enters and fetters the superficial part(表部), or the greater yang(太陽) part of the exterior(表部). It affects the Lung, which is in charge of breathing-qi, and the defensive qi(衛氣), which wards off external pathogens. Since the Lung governs the skin and hair and nose, the skin and hair then get tensed up and the sweat pores, or the interstices(腠理), are tightly closed; hence there is lack of sweating or anhydrosis(無汗). Moreover, the defense yang(衛陽) is not able to warm the flesh, hence there is an aversion to Cold or Wind(惡寒, 惡風).<br />The manifestations of external contraction of wind-cold syndrome(外感風寒證) include aversion to Cold or Wind(惡寒, 惡風), fever(發熱), headache and painful stiff nape(頭項强痛), body aches(身痛), nasal congestion, dyspnea and cough(咳逆上氣), tongue with thin whitish fur(舌苔薄白) and a floating and tense pulse(浮緊脈).<br />Aversion to cold and wind(惡寒, 惡風) occurs, since the pathogenic Wind and Cold(風邪, 寒邪), which intrude the exterior surface of the body(表部), inhibit the defense yang(衛陽) to reach the exterior and to warm the flesh. Fever(發熱) occurs as a result of the struggle between the healthy qi(正氣) and the pathogenic qi(邪氣) in the skin.<br />As mentioned above, external contraction of Wind-Cold syndrome(外感風寒證) is the greater yang disease pattern(太陽病). The corresponding channel, which is called the bladder meridian(足太陽膀胱經), arises at the inner canthus of the eye(目銳眥), runs up to the forehead and vertex(巓頂), down the neck and travels along the back of the body. Thus, when the greater yang channel(太陽經) qi contracts the pathogenic Cold and Wind(寒邪, 風邪), there is severe headache and painful stiff nape(頭項强痛). Body aches(身痛) commonly appear when the pathogenic Wind and Cold(風邪, 寒邪) violate the body in combination with the pathogenic Dampness(濕邪). Then, the Wind, Cold, and Dampness pathogens(風邪, 寒邪, 濕邪) become lodged in the channels and block the flow of the channel qi, hence there is pain in the joints.<br />The pathogenic qi(邪氣) entering the nose, which is an orifice through which the Lung breathes in the gathering-qi, leads to nasal congestion in the case of the cold pathogen(寒邪) and thin nasal discharge(鼻流淸涕) in the case of the wind pathogen(風邪). Dyspnea and cough(咳逆上氣) arises from the upward disturbance of the Lung qi, which occurs due to the invasion of the Wind-Cold pathogen(風寒邪) in the Lung. The lung qi fails to disperse and descend. Instead, it ascends, giving rise to cough and asthmatic breathing.<br />A floating pulse(浮脈) is a sign of the wind-cold pathogen(風寒邪) lodging in the exterior(表部) and loss of regulation between the nutrient qi(營氣) and defensive qi(衛氣). In order to resist the pathogenic qi(邪氣), the defensive qi(衛氣) collects in the exterior(表部), hence the pulse is floating. A thin white tongue fur(舌苔薄白) indicates the onset of an exterior syndrome(表證) and the presence of pathogenic factors on the surface of body. It denotes a syndrome of Cold(寒) or Cold-Dampness(寒濕).<br />On the other hand, the symptoms and pathogenesis of external contraction caused by the deficient body(體虛外感證) differ from those of external contraction of wind-cold syndrome(外感風寒證). Along with the symptoms of the latter, the former shows the signs of Qi deficiency(氣虛). Qi deficiency(氣虛) manifests as spontaneous sweating(汗出), distention and fullness in the chest, nasal congestion, deep and turbid voice, dry cough with phlegm, and a floating and forceless pulse.<br />The lack of the healthy Qi(正氣) leads to the lack of securing by the defense yang(衛陽), which manages the opening and closing of the sweat pores. Thus, the weak defensive Qi(正氣) that fails to appropriately control the opening and closing of the pores engenders spontaneous perspiration(汗出). Distention and fullness in the chest is a syndrome due to deficiency of Qi(氣虛), which results in the failure to expel the pathogenic Qi(邪氣). The pathogenic Qi(邪氣) transmuted to the interior causes the unwell feeling of stuffiness in the chest.<br />The patterns including nasal congestion, deep and turbid voice, and dry cough with phlegm are due to the dysfunction of the Lung in dispersing and descending(宣發肅降). A voice that is heavy and turbid, accompanied by nasal congestion, is developed by the pathogenic Qi(邪氣) entering through the nose and causing the Qi of the nose to become obstructed and not flow. The prolonged cough consumes the Lung qi. As a consequence, the deficiency of the Lung qi results in the impairment of the Lung in dominating qi and its function of descending.<br />A floating and forceless pulse is a manifestation of exterior deficiency syndrome. It indicates both deficiency of the healthy qi(正氣) and excessiveness of the pathogenic qi(邪氣). Specifically, a forceless pulse indicates deficiency of qi, blood, yin, yang and the viscera and bowels. </div><div align="left"></div><div align="left"><br /><strong>GENERAL METHODS OF TREATMENT</strong> </div><div align="left"><br />*The Method of Treatment of Six-Meridian Disease(六經病證) </div><div align="left"><br />In a word, the method of treatment(治則) of six-meridian disease, discussed in "Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases", is defeating the pathogenic qi and supporting the healthy qi. The fundamental is "developing the yang-qi" and "keeping the yin fluid", so we have to eliminating the pathogenic qi and to stabilizing the healthy qi.<br />The basis for method of treatment are eight methods(八法) - sweat[汗], vomiting[吐], purgation[下], harmonizing method[和], warming method[溫], clearing method[淸], wasting method[消], supplementation method[補]. In 'Damage by the Cold', the method of treatment - eight methods by eight principle pattern identification - for the cold is usually using those three methods : sweat[汗], vomiting[吐], purgation[下]. And the most important method is sweat.<br />- sweat : extract the pathogenic qi.<br />- vomiting : refuse the pathogenic qi, mainly in external contraction food accumulation.<br />- purgation : drain the pathogenic qi.<br />sweat method is mainly used in case of accumulation in exterior. In case of exterior pathogen, vomiting or purgation is also possible, but those are un-proper for sudden outer-pathogenic qi. Also purgation can cause side effect draining disorder from exterior to interior, and vomiting can draining blood and fluid, besides external contraction food accumulation, so it can cause deficiency of fluid. Therefore in case of exterior pathogen being excess, sweat method is apposite. </div><div align="left"></div><div align="left">*Fundamentals of Method of Treatment </div><div align="left"><br />We have to treat, while pathogenic qi is in exterior. While pathogenic qi is in exterior, it's easy to treat but delaying can make it chronic disease. The cause of disease affected by heat is wind and cold, so it start at exterior. First of all this cases need sweating method. Anyway, whatever location of disease, it's good to sweat.<br />We have to check whether the patient have exterior deficiency or exterior cold, treat disease affected by heat with sweat. That's why untreated heat with sweat has usually exterior deficiency or exterior cold. The disease pattern untreated with sweat is not need purgation.<br />1) External Contraction of Wind-cold Syndrome(外感風寒證)<br />The fundamental of method of treatment is not difficult. We have to think the route of invasion of pathogenic qi in the reverse order. Thus, the fundamental is that draw out pathogenic qi, and main method is sweat. The main symptoms, affected by wind and cold pathogen, are non-sweat and goose bump caused by clogging of interstices. That's why defense yang-controlling interstices-is forced out by pathogenic qi and can't accomplishment it's function well. So, we need to use medicine to help defense yang to force out external pathogen. It's natural to sweat in this process. That's why defense yang restores it's function and heats fleshy. Thus interstices restore it's function, and pores open and sweat naturally.<br />2) External Contraction Caused by Deficient Body(體虛外減證)<br />Pattern of fleshy deficiency with external contraction means deficiency of healthy qi of fleshy. Also, this case needs to sweat to force pathogenic qi out of body. But in this case, already body has spontaneous sweating. We have to know differences between sweat and spontaneous sweating. In case of deficiency of fleshy and getting external pathogen, there is discord with nutrient yin - which nutrients body all the corners - and defense yang. Thus, differently from pattern of wind and cold excess with external contraction, which non-sweat and defense yang forced out from pathogenic qi, defense yang can't be controlled by nutrient yin and role it's function, thus interstices open and sweat. This sweat is "spontaneous sweating" which means lose of healthy qi and diseased sweating. That's why nutrient-defense disharmony, so damages healthy qi, but sweat fills a role to eliminate pathogenic qi by nutrient-defense harmony. In this case, also, we need to eliminate stagnated pathogenic qi with perspiration by sweating. The fundamental of method of treatment is that help healthy qi and accord nutrient and defense thus accord nutrient yin with defense yang, and draw out pathogenic qi at the same time. </div><div align="left"></div><div align="left">*The Method of Treatment of Cold - Based on Six Meridian Disease by Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases </div><div align="left"><br />Oriental Medicine thinks that cold is caused by six excesses(六淫) which means un-normal weather condition - wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness, fire. From among these, wind and cold are regarded as most important factor. Thus cold is divided into cold-damage pattern and wind-damage pattern.<br />Greater yang(太陽) indicates bladder meridian(足太陽膀胱經) and small intestine meridian(手太陽小腸經). Bladder meridian(足太陽膀胱經) is assigned to bladder commencing from the inner canthus(BL-1), ascending to the forehead and joints its symmetrical channel at the vertex(GV-20), where a branch splits off running to the temple. The original channel enters into and communicates with the brain from the vertex, then re-emerges, bifurcating at the back of the neck and running downward along the medial side of the scapula, then parallel to the vertebral column to the lumbar region where it enters the body cavity through the para-vertebral muscles, communicating with the kidney and finally joining its pertaining organ, the urinary bladder. This meridian administers the exterior. Therefore, the disease named "greater yang" means the illness caused by external pathogen(外邪).<br />Greater yang disease is early stage of external contraction disease(外感病), which means healthy qi and pathogenic qi conflicting on the exterior point. The exterior(表) is the first bulwark defending pathogen and its function is controlled by ups and downs of defense qi(衛氣) and nutrient-defense harmony. Greater yang governs nutrient-defense, controls exterior of body, and defense body from pathogen. Several symptoms of cold are caused by those reasons that nutrient-defense disharmony, defense yang flourishing outwardly in opposing pathogen, and pathogen is so strong to greater yang meridian qi is overwhelmed.<br />Greater yang exterior pattern looks mild and unimportant. But, if missed the right time to treatment or got erroneous treatment, exterior pathogen could be left or get other symptoms. Therefore exterior pattern have to treated carefully at first time. </div><div align="left"></div><div align="left"><br /><strong>HERBAL TREATMENT</strong> </div><div align="left"><br />As mentioned above, there can be two reasons as to how cold can occur in the human body; One, where wind pathogen(風邪) or cold pathogen(寒邪) invades the outermost part of the body because pathogenic qi(邪氣) is excessive(external contraction of wind-cold syndrome, 外感風寒證), and two, where the body displays cold-like symptoms because internal healthy qi(正氣) has become deficient(external contraction caused by deficient body, 體虛外感證). Herbal treatment differs according to each circumstance, but even though there exist two different methods to treating cold, this writer would like to focus on the treatment of external contraction of wind-cold syndrome(外感風寒證), because it is considered a more general way of treating cold. The ground for taking external contraction of wind-cold syndrome(外感風寒證) more seriously than external contraction caused by deficient body(體虛外感證) is mentioned in 'The Causes of Cold' part.<br />First, wind-cold-dispersing medicinal(發散風寒藥), which is a kind of exterior-releasing medicinal(解表藥), is used in order to treat external contraction of wind-cold syndrome(外感風寒證). Exterior-releasing medicinal(解表藥) acts by dispersing the pathogenic qi(邪氣) impeded in the exterior part of the human body, and it enters the lung and bladder meridians. It treats symptoms such as aversion to cold(惡寒), fever(發熱), headache(頭痛), and generalized pain(身痛). It comprises of two categories: wind-cold-dispersing medicinal(發散風寒藥) and wind-heat-dispersing medicinal(發散風熱藥). Because external contraction of wind-cold syndrome(外感風寒證) is a syndrome caused by wind and cold pathogens, the former(wind-cold-dispersing medicinal, 發散風寒藥) is used to treat its symptoms. Wind-cold-dispersing medicinal(發散風寒藥) has pungent and warm properties, dispersing qi with its pungency and driving out cold pathogen with its warmness. Many kinds of materia medica such as Ephedrae Herba(麻黃), Cinnamomi Ramulus(桂枝), Osterici Radix(羌活), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix(白芷), Angelicae Tenuissimae Radix(藁本), and Saposhnikoviae Radix(防風) are used as wind-cold-dispersing medicinal(發散風寒藥), but among these, only Ephedrae Herba(麻黃), Cinnamomi Ramulus(桂枝), and Osterici Radix(羌活) will be introduced in this part. Effects of each on external contraction of wind-cold syndrome(外感風寒證) can be summarized as the following respectively: promoting sweating to release the exterior(發汗解表), releasing the flesh and promoting sweating, and relieving pain caused by stagnation of wind-cold-dampness.<br />Ephedrae Herba(麻黃) is the stem of Ephedra sinica Stapf(草麻黃), which is a perennial herb that belongs to Family Ephetraceae(麻黃科). It has pungent and warm properties, and it enters the lung and bladder meridians. Because the skin and hair pertain to the lung and exterior part of body to the bladder, Ephedrae Herba(麻黃) is effective in promoting sweating to release the exterior(發汗解表) and dissipating cold(散寒). Thus, it treats excessive pathogenic qi in the exterior and absence of sweating(無汗) caused by external contraction of wind-cold pathogen(外感風寒). It also diffuses lung to calm panting(宣肺平喘) and induces diuresis to alleviate edema(利水消腫), and it treats cold caused by wind-cold pathogen(風寒感冒), oppression in the chest(胸悶), wind edema(風水浮腫), and wheezing and dyspnea in the bronchi(氣管支哮喘).<br />Cinnamomi Ramulus(桂枝) is the young branch of Cinnamomum cassia Blume(肉桂), which is an evergreen arbor that belongs to Family Lauraceae(樟科). It has pungent, sweet, and warm properties, and it enters the heart, lung and bladder meridians. Its pungent taste disperses qi and its warm property disperses wind-cold pathogen in the exterior, thus having the effect of releasing the interstices(腠理). Its effects are promoting sweating to release the exterior(發汗解表), warming the meridian(溫經), and assisting yang(助陽). It also treats cold caused by wind-cold pathogen(風寒感冒), cold pain in the abdomen(脘腹冷痛), numb pain in the joints(關節痹痛), phlegm(痰飮), edema(水腫), and palpitations(心悸).<br />Osterici Radix(羌活) is the root of Ostericum koreanum Maximowicz(羌活), which is a perennial herb that belongs to Family Umbelliferae(繖形科). It has pungent and bitter taste and warm property, and it enters the bladder and kidney meridians. Because Osterici Radix(羌活) has ascending and dispersing effects, it disperses cold-dampness pathogen in the exterior part of the body and relieves pain in the joints. Thus, it is strongly effective in treating headache and generalized pain(頭身疼痛) caused by external contraction of wind-cold pathogen(外感風寒) and pain in the joints(關節疼痛) caused by wind-cold-dampness pathogen. Osterici Radix(羌活) is effective in dissipating cold(散寒), dispelling wind(祛風), eliminating dampness(除濕), and alleviating pain(止痛), and it can treat numb pain caused by wind-dampness pathogen(風濕痺痛) and aching pain in the shoulders and back(肩背痠痛). Major prescriptions that contain the above materia medica include Mahwangtang, Gyejitang, Gumiganghwaltang, and Socheongnyongtang.<br />Next, qi-tonifying medicinal(補氣藥) is used with above-mentioned exterior-releasing medicinal(解表藥) in order to treat external contraction caused by deficient body(體虛外感證). This is to help healthy qi(正氣) before driving out pathogenic qi(邪氣) in the exterior part when healthy qi(正氣) is deficient in the body. Qi-tonifying medicinal(補氣藥) is a kind of tonifying and replenishing medicinal(補益藥), and its original purpose is to treat symptoms related to deficient qi(氣虛), but harmonizing nutrient qi and defense qi(調和營衛) is considered as the main efficacy in this text. Herbs such as Ginseng Radix(人蔘), Astragali Radix(黃芪), and Glycyrrhizae Radix(甘草) are used as qi-tonifying medicinal(補氣藥). They usually have sweet and warm properties, and they enter the spleen and lung meridians, assisting the spleen and lung so healthy qi(正氣) can become stronger. The spleen creates acquired qi(後天之氣) by receiving water and food(水穀), and the lung plays an important role in creating qi by gathering breathing qi(天氣). Therefore, helping these two meridians result in replenishment of healthy qi(正氣) in the body, which in turn leads to expulsion of pathogenic qi(邪氣). Paedoksan and Samsoeum are examples of such prescriptions. </div><div align="left"></div><div align="left"><br /><strong>ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT</strong> </div><div align="left"><br />In Oriental Medicine, Cold is interpreted as external contraction of wind-cold syndrome in a broad sense. So, the treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion for cold is described according to the factors — wind-pathogen(風邪) or cold pathogen(寒邪) — in several medical books.<br />Thus, this chapter explains the treatments about wind(風) and cold(寒) section. The source of the following sentences is Dong-ui-bo-gam(東醫寶鑑) which is Traditional Korean medical book.<br />First, Cold Chapter(寒門) in the volume of various diseases(雜病篇) in Dong-ui-bo-gam is described cold that place under the external contraction of cold syndrome category in detail than Wind Chapter(風門) in the volume of various diseases(雜病篇) in Dong-ui-bo-gam. Especially, in the first stage which is caught a cold, if you got a headache and fever, you should cauterize the CV14(巨闕), CV13(上脘), CV12(中脘) with moxa. In addition, when you caught a cold, Dong-ui-bo-gam describes several prescription of acupuncture and moxibustion in each symptom which is accompanied with cold.<br />1. When you get an obstinate fever, you should apply acupuncture at LI11(曲池) for eliminate(瀉) and at Jeol-Gol(絶骨) for strengthen and at ST43(陷谷) or and at Pal-Gwan(between fingers;interdigital) for blood-letting.<br />2. When you get a headache which is because of cold, you should apply acupuncture at BL2(攢竹) or LI4(合谷).<br />3. When you don`t sweat, you should apply acupuncture at LI4(合谷) and KI7(復溜), SP5(商丘), GB12(脘骨), SI5(陽谷), GB43(俠谿), ST45(厲兌), PC8(勞宮), GB20(風池), LU10(魚際), LU8(經渠), ST44(內庭), and 12 honor acupuncture points(榮穴).<br />4. When you have a lot of sweat, and don`t stop it, you should apply acupuncture at ST44(內庭), LI4(合谷), KI7(復溜) for eliminate(瀉).<br />5. When you have chest pain, you should apply acupuncture at LR14(期門), PC7(大陵).<br />6. When your sides hurt, you should apply acupuncture at TE6(支溝), GB34(陽陵泉).<br />7. When your hands and feet are cold, you should apply acupuncture at SP2(大都穴).<br />8. When your fever lessens and then strengthens again, you should apply acupuncture at BL12(風門), LI4(合谷), LR2(行間).<br />But, there are just 9 taboos about applying acupunctures in cold.<br />First, No sweat and when you have a pink glow or get the hiccups.<br />Second, When you have a diarrhea, and have a abdominal dropsy.<br />Third, When you have blurry vision or your fever does not lessen.<br />Fourth, When the elderly and young have fever and have tympanites.<br />Fifth, When you can't sweat, have nausea, and discharge blood.<br />Sixth, When your root of the tongue becomes ulcerated and don`t stop fever.<br />Seventh, When you caught and have a nosebleed and don`t stop blood.<br />Eighth, When you have a fever in marrow.<br />Ninth, When you have a fever and bend the body and get cramps in your legs or hands.<br />Especially in the sinus cold, Nose Chapter(鼻部) in the volume of appearance(外形篇) in Dong-ui-bo-gam describes the treatment of runny nose.<br />1. When you have clear discharge, you should apply acupuncture at GV23(上星), and GV16(風府), GV20(百會), GB20(風池), BL12(風門), GV14(大椎)<br />2. When you can`y scent, you should apply acupuncture at LI20(大椎), GV23(上星), LI4(合谷), GV16(風府), SI2(前谷)<br />3. When you have dirty and yellow discharge, GV23(上星), BL4(曲差), LI4(合谷), LI20(迎香).<br />4. In all kinds of runny noses, you should apply acupuncture at GV22(顖會), GV21(前頂), LI20(迎香). </div>Kimserimhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00711056900852373643noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-3039216619946128422010-02-09T13:38:00.009+09:002010-02-10T18:44:05.852+09:00Ear Acupunctureby Deoki grade 5 writer<br />Han Sung Jun grade 4 writer<br />Moon, Wonkyung grade 3 writer<br />&amp; Jung Da Hye grade 2 writer<br /><br />A. What is Ear Acupuncture?<br /><br />a. The Concept of Ear Acupuncture<br />Ear acupuncture is very special acupuncture treatment that shows excellent effect on various kinds of pains and chronic diseases only by applying acupuncture on the 270 acu-points of the ear. This treatment is based on the system theory, one of the basic principle of Traditional Korean Medicine (in the following, TKM). Today, ear acupuncture is formally registered on WHO and also the efficacy is internationally recognized. This treatment is also well known as 'Auricular therapy', 'Ear acupuncture' or 'Ear needling' but the formal name established by WHO is 'Ear acupuncture', 'Ear acupuncture therapy' and 'Auriculo acupuncture'.<br />There are several methods of Auriculo acupuncture. You can apply an acupuncture of general size on the acu-points and maintain it for about 15 minutes. You can also attach a needle of very small size(0.1~0.2cm) fixed on stickers. Just attach the sticker on the specific area of the ear, maintain this acu-sticker for 2~3 days (it doesn't disturb your everyday life). Another method is to rub or pull with pressure the acu-points using hands, fingers, or massaging tools. The most well known and utilized method is acu-stickers. In the following, we will discuss only about this method.<br /><br />b. The History of Ear Acupuncture<br />The record of ear acupuncture is shown in the traditional chinese medicine classic text 'Huangdi's Internal Classic (黃帝內經)'. Also, there is 'the map of ear acu point' describing acu-points of the ear at Ming(明) dynasty. At Persia, they pierced a little hole and took earrings for beauty in old times. By this customs, they had some effect on the ophthalmic and urinary diseases. However the present ear acupuncture system is not very old. French doctor P. Nogier heard that the hipbone neuralgia patient showed much effect when burning the earlobe. After this discovery, he made a report with many researches and clinical tests and this therapy has been approved by the international acupuncture institute held in France in 1965. Thanks to the lively researches on ear acupuncture, the basic text of 'Ear acupuncture international standardization' was permitted in 1987. The fact that ear acupuncture is authorized by the formal medical science is worthy of notice. Recently, with the growing interest in traditional medicine internationally, the studies and clinical practices of auriculo acupuncture is increasing.<br /><br /><br />c. Merits and Demerits of Ear Acupuncture.<br />What is the reason that we use Ear acupuncture theory that has some differences with general acupuncture? Ear acupuncture therapy has other merits comparing with general acupuncture therapy. The most important point is the degree of pain. In clinical practices, the most frequently used size of needles range from 0.3cm to 4cm. Sometimes, the use of these needles can cause serious pain on specific acu-points. But our ear has less neural innervation than other organs. Therefore, it is not painful or uncomfortable to attach stickers with very tiny needles on the ear. We can get the desired effects by this very weak stimulus for long time even in our daily life.<br />Moreover Ear acupuncture has little side effect compared with general acupuncture when treating a hypertensive and a hypersensitive patient. It is because the size and location of the acu-points in Ear acupuncture is different from general acupuncture. Therefore, it can reduce the aversion to acupuncture and build up positive recognition : the Ear acupuncture can be a very effective way to treat the patients who have fear about acupuncture.<br />However, like any other medical methods, Ear acupuncture has some demerits. First, accurate connection between acu-points and other body organs is not established yet. Currently, Ear acupuncture asserts that ear regions and body regions are matched by the reason of 'the map of ear acu-point', describing the ear as a crouching fetus. But there are some controversies because this concept shows too much acupuncture points comparing with the size of the ear, so it is difficult to distinguish acu-points. Also, in the meridian theory that bases on 12 meridians and collaterals, it is already said that meridians and collaterals have acupuncture points on the ear. But the same acu-point has different effects in the meridian theory compared to Ear acupuncture theory. The generalization of the effects of acu-points is required.<br /><br />B. Mechanism of Ear Acupuncture.<br /><br />Holism ― a viewpoint where every part of the body is combined together to perform a unified function. It is considered to be more important than individual visceral function ― constitutes a huge part of TKM theory. According to holism, the human body cannot function properly or even survive if some parts of the body is left out. Thus, holism emphasizes the cooperation of organs. Moreover, holism holds a view that the function resulting from the cooperation of the whole body is concentrated in certain parts of the body. Apparently, this very point of view can be seen in the treatment called Ear acupuncture. The mechanism of ear acupuncture is as follows.<br />Ear acupuncture, also known as auricular acupuncture, has its basis on the concept that the ear reflects the whole body, an approach referred to as being holistic. It literally means that the ear contains the entire human body, and what you need is only to stimulate the ear in order to cure certain parts of the body. There are over 100 acupuncture points on the external ear which relate to practically all parts of the body. The lobe of the ear corresponds to the head, the cartilage to the spine, and the upper part of the pinna to the legs, arms, and wrists. The inside corresponds to the five viscera and six bowels. Therefere, the acupuncture points on the ear help to regulate one's internal organs and structures. (Refer to the picture below for more information on acupoint-organ correspondence.)<br /><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_ZQajo-mbOyY/S3Dn7PovIzI/AAAAAAAAAAM/d5QlR7W7wiI/s1600-h/ear.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5436099755231879986" style="WIDTH: 275px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 290px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_ZQajo-mbOyY/S3Dn7PovIzI/AAAAAAAAAAM/d5QlR7W7wiI/s400/ear.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br />The ear map above, first developed by Dr. Nogier, a French physician, is based upon the inverted fetus concept. Dr. Nogier designed this map, inspired by the fact that the shape of the ear resembles a fetus hanging upside down.<br /><br />C. Application of Ear Acupuncture<br />Every people has different ear shape although everyone has same ear figure. If you compare child's ear with patient's ear, you can find some different points. Some different points, such as earwax, swelling, abnormal color(congestion, white spot), vessel, wrinkle, pain, depression, or deformation, means some indispositions of the body.<br />Currently, it is proved through clinical practices that Ear acupuncture has effect on nervous system·endocrine system disorders and it also relieves pain. Nowadays, you can anesthetize patient by Ear acupuncture. Moreover, this therapy is used to quit smoking, stop drinking and diet.<br />Ear acupuncture decreases appetite and therefore helps lose weight. To obtain this effect, attach acu-stickers on Shinmun(신문), Galjum(갈점), Gijum(기점), stomach, head point. If you want to quit smoking, stimulate Gijum(기점) and Galjum(갈점). Theses points reduce the desire of smoking. Shinmun(신문) is used to relax your mind and alleviate withdrawal symptoms. Don't forget to attach stickers on points that correspond to bronchi and head. You can abstain from drinking by stimulating liver point and stomach point. Moreover, if you stimulate Galjum(갈점), Gijum(기점), Shinmun(신문), liver and stomach point, you can not only reduce the desire of drinking but also recover health of your liver and stomach injured by alcohol.<br /><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_ZQajo-mbOyY/S3Docp7GJ_I/AAAAAAAAAAU/qEbuTasdplQ/s1600-h/ear2.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5436100329223890930" style="WIDTH: 400px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 153px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_ZQajo-mbOyY/S3Docp7GJ_I/AAAAAAAAAAU/qEbuTasdplQ/s400/ear2.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br />D. Reference<br />http://www.acupuncturedoc.com/ear.htm<br />www.iama.edu/Articles/EarAcupuncture.htm<br />www.naver.comPark J.H.http://www.blogger.com/profile/12908996684017282482noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-86742225970357681512010-01-28T10:12:00.003+09:002010-01-30T20:43:38.625+09:00Traditional Korean Medical breast surgery<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_cVRkRrFTLHI/S2DkxL9JC4I/AAAAAAAAAAs/-xcz9SGg9YA/s1600-h/r.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5431592684282776450" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 164px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 200px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_cVRkRrFTLHI/S2DkxL9JC4I/AAAAAAAAAAs/-xcz9SGg9YA/s200/r.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div align="right"></div><br /><br /><div align="right">SEO JI MIN</div><br /><br /><div align="right">Grade 3</div><br /><br /><div align="right">Writer</div><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><br /><br /><br />"Breast Pricking Acupuncture" on the rise<br /><br />The body part which troubles women the most is breast - especially, small and drooping breasts. Breast enlargement surgery, a treatment during which artificial implants are put in one's chest, is the most frequently used method in order to solve this problem. Nevertheless, one has to endure severe pain until the implants completely settle in. Moreover, traces of surgery can be detected because those implants feel different from real breasts. Sometimes one's body recognizes the implants as impure substances, thus creating solid membranes around them, which in turn results in hardened chests or falling off of the implants.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Recently, Breast Pricking Acupuncture, a method which enables large breasts without having to put in artificial implants, is on the rise. Breast Pricking Acupuncture is an acupuncture method devised in order to make adequate-sized, elastic, and "undrooping" breasts using only acupuncture needles; It enables enlargement, lifting, and enhancing elasticity of breasts, thus providing a remedy for unbalanced breasts or breasts that are far apart from each other.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Because this method does not make use of methods used in Western medicine such as cohesive gel, saline solution pouches, or fat grafting, and uses only acupuncture, one can receive treatments without the fear of anesthesia or surgery.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />The mechanism of Breast Pricking Acupuncture is to use qi; Using acupuncture, the practitioner stimulates acupuncture points and meridians, enabling smooth flow of qi, thus resulting in more qi in the chest. More simply put, it is like piercing clogged-up acupuncture points - which has disturbed growth of the chest - and once again accelerating the progress of growth. This kind of enlargement is possible because women's breasts tend to "store" things(the letter "房” in "乳房(breast)" means to store and to retain volume). Moreover, “thread injection” is frequently used in lifting up drooping breasts; This method is conducted by inserting harmless medicinal threads in one's weakened muscles, inducing self-thriving substances in the body to cluster and to thicken and strengthen the muscles.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Normally, one comes in to receive Breast Pricking Acupuncture treatment every 10 days, for 3 months. Time needed for the treatment is 20 minutes in average, and the effects begin to show after 5 t0 10 weeks. Parts of treatment, time, frequency, and intervals all depend on one's constitution and body condition. Because Breast Pricking Acupuncture makes it a pre-requisite to correct distorted bones before treatment if there is anything wrong with the spine, ribs, or sternum, one can enjoy not only bigger and lifted breasts, but also overall balance of the body and health.All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-44474707491240887042010-01-28T10:09:00.004+09:002010-01-28T10:14:43.051+09:00Petit Cosmetic Acupuncture<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_cVRkRrFTLHI/S2DkSrQc69I/AAAAAAAAAAk/BsJOoWk2WlY/s1600-h/ë‰´ìŠ¤ë"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5431592160109325266" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 150px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 200px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_cVRkRrFTLHI/S2DkSrQc69I/AAAAAAAAAAk/BsJOoWk2WlY/s200/%EB%89%B4%EC%8A%A4%EB%A0%88%ED%84%B02.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><b><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: KO; mso-bidi-: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p>Ku Hyunjung</o:p></span></b></span></p><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><o:p>Assistant Writer</o:p></span></b></span></p><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="right"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><o:p>Grade 2</o:p></span></b></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 38pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" ><span style="font-family:Tahoma;">A.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>What is Petit Cosmetic Acupuncture?<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" ><span style="font-family:Tahoma;">Cosmetic Acupuncture is a therapy that relaxes acupuncture points around mimische muskeln in facial skin by acupuncture and stimulates acupuncture points in order to lift flaccid facial muscles, reduce the face size and make natural facial line. This therapy also </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 굴림; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'font-family:굴림;" >promote </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: '맑은 고딕'; mso-ascii-font-family: '맑은 고딕'font-family:'맑은 고딕';" >metabolism</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" > and make the nutrition providing smooth. Therefore, it promotes recovery of collagen and makes the patient have a fine complexion and favorable look. Petit Cosmetic Acupuncture part deals with cosmetic acupunctures except acupuncture for wrinkle and breast. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >Applications through petit cosmetic acupuncture are listed below:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdingsfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >Lift the nose bridge</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdingsfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >Lift sunken cheek flesh in order to look younger</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdingsfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >Adjust sunken or unbalanced muscle around the mouth</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdingsfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >Improve unwanted scars (hollowed scar, projected scar, acne scar, etc)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 38pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >B.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>Mechanism and concrete way of Petit Cosmetic Acupuncture</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >Mechanism</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >Cosmetic acupuncture is related with meridians. The Lung Meridian is associated with </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';" >Qi </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >deficiency which results in poor skin tone and texture with loose pores and Excess heat</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';" >,</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" > and </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';" >with </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >fluids that results in acne, poor skin tone and texture with loose pores. </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';" >T</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >he Spleen and the Stomach Meridian is related to </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';" >Q</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >i deficiency with symptoms of poor digestion, poor muscle tone around eyes, on cheeks, and under chin and jaw. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >Concrete Method</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" ><span style="font-family:Tahoma;">This </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 굴림; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'font-family:굴림;" >example</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" > deals with lifting the nose bridge. When doctors lift the nose bridge, </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >there are two possible methods:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >The two ways are listed below:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 38pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >a.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>drug</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" > injection</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >The</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" > doctor inserts herb medicine ingredients which </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';" >are</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" > harmless to human body by needle.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 38pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >b.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >thread injection</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >The </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >doctor inserts acupuncture which involves bio-thread which would melt in human body.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >The</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" > doctor lifts the nose bride by inserting the drug along the middle line of the nose bridge in a row. Then, the doctor inserts the herb medicine liquid around the tip of the nose, and the glabella by using bio-thread. If the doctor uses</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';" > the</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" > two ways </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';" >at </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >once, the effect would last longer.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 38pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >C.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span>Merit</span></b><b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';" >s</span></b><b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" > of Petit Cosmetic Acupuncture</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="WORD-BREAK: keep-all; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >The merits of cosmetic acupuncture are listed below: </span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >short recovery time - everyday life is possible immediately</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >This operation improves not only the face but</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';color:black;" > also</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" > the whole bodyl since it is a holistic procedure.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdingsfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >No anesthesia. Therefore, patients can consult </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';" >about </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >the size and shape of the operation region with </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';" >a </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';" >doctor during the operation.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><span style="font-family:Tahoma;">The method is simple since doctor uses acupuncture<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><span style="font-family:Tahoma;">The period of operation is relatively short </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-: 'Microsoft YaHei'font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >–</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" > within an hour</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >The traces of operation like swell, inflammation, and bruise do not remain after the operation.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >The effect is shown just after the operation.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" ><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 40pt; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; TEXT-INDENT: -20pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0ptfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >l<span style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </span></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >The effect </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-: minor-fareastfont-family:'맑은 고딕';color:black;" >lasts </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; mso-hansi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-: ZH-CNfont-family:'Microsoft YaHei';color:black;" >from three to five years considering individual differences.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-37600375849155576782010-01-28T10:05:00.004+09:002010-01-28T10:09:08.360+09:00Facial acupuncture<div align="justify"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_cVRkRrFTLHI/S2Di8P-dixI/AAAAAAAAAAc/dk6iSs5kJEA/s1600-h/DSC_1090.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5431590675317361426" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 106px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 200px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_cVRkRrFTLHI/S2Di8P-dixI/AAAAAAAAAAc/dk6iSs5kJEA/s200/DSC_1090.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right"></div><div align="right">Serim Kim<br />Writer<br />Grade 3<br /><br /></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br /></div><div align="justify">Nowadays, Korean Medicine is welcomed in aesthetics field, and Facial acupuncture is one of the main traditional treatments. </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br />Facial acupuncture releases congestion of meridian system through direct stimulation using acupuncture and makes circulation of qi, blood, and bodily fluids smooth. </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br />Consequently, it focuses on the treatment of skin problems such as improvement of facial wrinkles, skin tone, and skin elasticity. Also, it aims at adjusting facial skeletal structure imbalance. </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br />In case of treating fine wrinkles, SMAS(Superficial Muscular Aponeurotic System; refers to an area of musculature of the face) is the main target of treatment. And for deep wrinkles, facial muscular layer is the main target. </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br />Facial acupuncture contracts extended facial muscular layer and relaxes strained facial muscular layer. </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br />We can regard wrinkles as folded curves. Skin layer of folded part usually lacks or lost collagen and elastin. Facial acupuncture leads collagen formation spontaneously by special acupuncture stimulation so that furrowed part of skin becomes filled up. </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br />It is reported that facial acupuncture is effective when it is performed for 3 to 5 times in all, and once in 1 to 2 weeks. </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br />Facial acupuncture has many strong points. Above all, it stimulates skin with little scratch through frequent acupuncture treatments. Therefore, it does not leave a scar as compared to surgery. Also, both treatment time and recovering time are short, so people are easy to approach. Moreover, facial acupuncture has no side effects which are what people are afraid of.<br />There is another type of facial acupuncture that is fine herbal acupuncture. This is watching for bigger effects by not only giving physical stimulation but also injecting herbal medicine inducing skin regeneration into the skin. </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br />For proper facial acupuncture treatment, it is essential to understand facial muscles, and depth, angle, method of applying needles have to be accurate. </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br />Objective effectiveness has not proved enough, so much more researches have to be accompanied in order to prove objective effect and to be applied stably.</div>All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-26944202613405149502010-01-28T09:55:00.005+09:002010-01-28T10:04:46.549+09:00The Present Condition of Cosmetic Acupuncture<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_cVRkRrFTLHI/S2DhaHEm9JI/AAAAAAAAAAM/Tggo2TXtxf0/s1600-h/ê³µì—°ì"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5431588989300044946" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 150px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 200px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_cVRkRrFTLHI/S2DhaHEm9JI/AAAAAAAAAAM/Tggo2TXtxf0/s200/%EA%B3%B5%EC%97%B0%EC%A0%841.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div align="right"> </div><div align="right">Lee, Dayeon </div><br /><br /><div align="right">Assistant Writer</div><br /><br /><div align="right">Grade 2</div><br /><br /><div align="right"></div><br /><br /><div align="justify">TKM's "cosmetic acupuncture" is becoming increasingly popular these days. Before, plastic </div><div align="justify"></div><br /><br /><div align="justify">surgery was the normal means of face lifting or wrinkle alleviation. But nowadays, many people </div><br /><div align="justify"></div><br /><div align="justify">pay attention to TKM's cosmetic acupuncture for its effect of natural beauty. Why? While plastic </div><div align="justify"></div><br /><br /><div align="justify">surgery of western medicine performs an artificial treatment such as inserting silicon in the face </div><div align="justify"></div><br /><br /><div align="justify">or making incisions in the face despite big risks of side effects and a long period of recovery, TKM </div><br /><div align="justify"></div><br /><div align="justify">doesn't damage the face. Instead, it makes drooping muscles recover by using acupuncture to </div><div align="justify"></div><br /><br /><div align="justify">balance the face so that people can get well-balanced, natural beauty with minimum time, </div><br /><div align="justify"></div><br /><div align="justify">minimum cost and the small risk of side effects. About 120 TKM doctors are performing </div><br /><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify">cosmetic acupuncture treatment in their clinics and the kinds of cosmetic acupuncture being </div><br /><div align="justify"></div><br /><div align="justify">operated are face-lift acupuncture, darkrings-removing acupuncture, breast-extension </div><br /><div align="justify"></div><br /><div align="justify">acupuncture, acupuncture to reduce the size of a face, and so on. In the center of this trend, </div><div align="justify"></div><br /><br /><div align="justify">there is an institute called "Oriental Medicine Face Cosmetic Treatment Institute". This institute </div><br /><br /><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify">was established in 2007 by 80 TKM doctors and has about 400 members now. "Oriental </div><br /><div align="justify"></div><br /><div align="justify">Medicine Face Cosmetic Treatment Institute regularly makes a lecture and conference to </div><div align="justify"></div><br /><br /><div align="justify">exchange and spread information of TKM's cosmetic acupuncture. Recently, they are trying to </div><br /><div align="justify"></div><br /><div align="justify">expand their area to the world. The principal of Oriental Medicine Face Cosmetic Treatment </div><br /><div align="justify"></div><br /><div align="justify">Institute, Song jung hwa, visited LA, USA, to form an American branch of Oriental Medicine </div><br /><div align="justify"></div><br /><div align="justify">Face Cosmetic Treatment. I believe it is expectable that our TKM's cosmetic acupuncture will </div><br /><br /><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify">become a big trend of cosmetic treatment in the world.</div><br /><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div>(A case of Cosmetic Acupuncture Treatment)<br /><br /><div align="justify"></div><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_cVRkRrFTLHI/S2Dh4QS6cyI/AAAAAAAAAAU/rv-9UpZ6jEo/s1600-h/image001.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5431589507172037410" style="WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 270px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_cVRkRrFTLHI/S2Dh4QS6cyI/AAAAAAAAAAU/rv-9UpZ6jEo/s320/image001.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br />This is a case of woman in her 60s who got cosmetic acupuncture treatment on her face 5 times. A lot of the wrinkles around her lip disappeared. Her two-layered chin became thin, and the forehead looks younger too. Also, the whole face got elasticity, so the size of the face got smaller and the skin looks smoother.<br /><div align="justify"></div>All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-649608116427430212010-01-27T18:45:00.001+09:002010-01-27T18:45:54.600+09:00How to prevent H1N1?<p>&nbsp;</p><br /><div align="center"><br /><p class="style1">How to prevent influenza H1N1 by Korean Medicine?</p></div><br /><div align="right"><br /><p><img height="151" src="http://koreanmedicine.net/12news/images/Jim.jpg" width="141" /><br /></p><br /><p class="style3"><font face="Times New Roman,Georgia,Times">by Ji Myung Woo</font></p><br /><p class="style3"><font face="Times New Roman,Georgia,Times">(Grade 4, Staff Writer)</font></p><br /><p class="style3"><font face="Times New Roman,Georgia,Times">Young Kyun Moon </font></p><br /><p class="style3"><font face="Times New Roman,Georgia,Times">(Grade 3, Assistant Writer)</font></p><br /><p class="style3"><font face="Times New Roman,Georgia,Times">Ha Na Yeon, Jong Woo Kim</font></p><br /><p class="style3"><font face="Times New Roman,Georgia,Times">(Grade 2, Assistant Writer)</font></p><br /><p class="style2">&nbsp;</p></div><br /><p>How can we fight against influenza H1N1? More than 300,000 people worldwide have been confirmed as cases of pandemic influenza H1N1. While the number of confirmed cases increases continuously, the supply of Tamiflu, treatment for influenza H1N1, is not enough in many countries. Then, what can we do with limited supply of Tamiflu? The best way is to take measures to prevent influenza H1N1. World Health Organization(WHO) had set guidelines to prevent the spread of influenza H1N1. (You can refer to it in later part of this article.) Still better way is to use Korean medicinal methods to prevent and treat influenza H1N1.</p><br /><p><br /><p><u>How better is oriental medicine in treating/preventing H1N1?</u></p><br /><p>In international seminar about influenza H1N1 held recently in South Korea, the director of Chinese Medicinal Science reported that out of 10221 confirmed cases of influenza H1N1, 6098 patients were cured completely by using Chinese medicine and there was no case of death so far. Chinese government had set guidelines for treatment of influenza H1N1. Chinese doctors should use Chinese medicine for early phase of H1N1 and for serious cases, doctors should use Chinese medicine and Western medicine simultaneously. The average treatment period using Chinese medicine is about 3-5 days. The treatment efficacy is similar to that of Tamiflu while the cost of Chinese medicinal treatment is about 1/7 lower than using Tamiflu. Furthermore, there was no case of side effect. Dean of College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University asserted that "Illici Veri Fructus (八角), an ingredient of Tamiflu, have been used by KM doctors broadly."</p><br /><p><br /><p><u>How to prevent influenza H1N1 by Korean Medicine?</u></p><br /><p><br /><p>There are three Korean medicinal methods to prevent influenza H1N1. </p><br /><p>The first method is simple. Keep away from pathogen(避邪). This method is almost the same as the one that WHO recommends. Primary preventive method is to avoid pathogen(邪氣) as much as you can. </p><br /><p>The second method is life nurturing (養生). In Korean medicine, illness is process of struggle between the healthy qi and pathogenic qi (正邪相爭). Person with strong healthy qi can remain healthy even after exposure to pathogenic qi. In other words, person with weak healthy qi is vulnerable to illness. Life nurturing can be enhancing healthy qi or maintaining healthy qi. Life nurturing in this method is to maintain healthy qi to prevent an illness. The basic idea of this method is to avoid food and places that can damage healthy qi. 1. Eat clean and warm food. Avoid eating cold food. 2. Avoid cold places. 3. Wear appropriate clothes according to temperature.</p><br /><p>The third method is to reinforce the healthy qi (扶正). This is mainly done by taking Korean medicine. The president of Korean Medical Association of Professor of Lung Internal Medicine asserted that "Frequent water intake is very important to prevent influenza. Also, concoction including ginger (Zingiberis Rhizoma Crudus), date (Zizyphi Fructus), and field mint (Menthae Herba) is effective in preventing influenza. </p><br /><p>There are also many other ways to prevent influenza in Korean medicinal classic Dongeuibogam. </p><br /><p>-Powder realgar (石雄黃) and apply to nose. </p><br /><p>-Boil Styrax Big Pill (<span lang="EN-US">Sohaphyang-won</span>) and use the steam to prevent influenza.</p><br /><p>-Take Powder of Rhizoma Cyperi and Folium Perillae</p><br /><p>-Take Jeong-gi-san(正氣散)</p><br /><p>-Take Doso-eum(屠蘇飮)</p><br /><p>-Take Chilmuljeok-san (七物赤散)</p><br /><p>-Take Antiphilogistic Powder of Herba Schizonepetae and Radix Saposhnikoviae (荊防敗毒散) </p><br /><p><br /><p><u>WHO guidelines to prevent H1N1</u></p><br /><p><br /><p>The main route of transmission of the new influenza A(H1N1) virus seems to be similar to seasonal influenza, via droplets that are expelled by speaking, sneezing or coughing. You can prevent getting infected by avoiding close contact with people who show influenza-like symptoms (trying to maintain a distance of about 1 metre if possible) and taking the following measures:</p><br /><p><br /><p>-avoid touching your mouth and nose; </p><br /><p>-clean hands thoroughly with soap and water, or cleanse them with an alcohol-based hand rub on a regular basis (especially if touching the mouth and nose, or surfaces that are potentially contaminated); </p><br /><p>-avoid close contact with people who might be ill; </p><br /><p>-reduce the time spent in crowded settings if possible; </p><br /><p>-improve airflow in your living space by opening windows; </p><br /><p>-practise good health habits including adequate sleep, eating nutritious food, and -keeping physically active. </p></p></p></p></p></p></p>All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-61141505767808134432010-01-27T18:43:00.000+09:002010-01-27T18:44:59.504+09:00Lee Je Ma, the Lotus That Bloomed out of Pain<div align="center"><br /><p><span class="style1" lang="EN-US"><strong><font color="#006633" size="5">Lee Je Ma, the Lotus That Bloomed out of Pain</font></strong></span></p></div><br /><div align="right"><br /><p><strong><br /><font color="#006633" size="5"></font></strong></p><br /><p><font face="Times New Roman,Georgia,Times" size="3">by Hee Jun Kim</font></p><br /><p><font face="Times New Roman,Georgia,Times" size="3">(Graduated, Special Writer)</font></p></div><br /><p><br /></p><br /><table><br /><tbody><br /><tr><br /><td vAlign="center" bgColor="#999999"><br /><p><?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = V /><v:shapetype id=_x0000_t75 stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = O /><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape id=_x83968848 style="MARGIN-TOP: -37.4pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 240.67pt; WIDTH: 176.6pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 184.2pt; v-text-anchor: top; mso-position-vertical-relative: line; mso-position-vertical: absolute; mso-position-horizontal-relative: text; mso-position-horizontal: absolute" type="#_x0000_t75"><v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\사용자\LOCALS~1\Temp\Hnc\BinData\EMB000021ec5f23.jpg" o:title="EMB000021ec5f23"></v:imagedata><?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = W /><w:wrap type="square"></w:wrap></v:shape><u><span lang="EN-US"><img height="184" src="http://koreanmedicine.net/12news/images/jema.jpg" width="178" /></span></u><u>Lee Je Ma</u></p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">Lee Je Ma is who invented 'Four Constitutional Medicine', which is distinctive branch of Korean traditional medicine. He published the fruit of his research as ‘Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine(東醫壽世保元)’ in 1894. Four Constitutional Medicine is the theory that categorizes constitutions of people into four types (greater yang person(太陽人), lesser yang person (少陽人), greater yin person(太陰人), and lesser yin person(少陰人)) according to ‘four constitutional structure theory(四象構造論)’. It offers physiology, pathology, diagnosis, treatment, medicine for each constitution and proposes new direction to many practitioners. He wrote ‘Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine(東醫壽世保元)’ and 'Gyuk-chi-go(格致藁)'</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">A hero is never born amidst peace. Only during chaos can he truly shine. In KM, we have such a hero too. Facing a nemesis called 'disease', he himself had to endure a lot of pain. However, in the end, he was triumph. His name is Lee Je Ma and his greatest weapon of choice was 'Four Constitutional Medicine'.</span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">From the beginning, his life was an unusual one. His father, Lee Ban Oh, was a minor government official at that time. One day, Lee Ban Oh was on the way back home from work when he got drunk with his friends. He got too drunk to go back home alone and it was raining heavily outside, so he had to stay the night at the inn.</span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">However, he wasn't alone at that night. The innkeeper had an ugly daughter who couldn't get married; she slipped her daughter into the room where Lee was sleeping. That night, Lee Je Ma came to this earth.</span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">A year later, Lee Choong Won, who is Lee Je Ma's grandfather and the head of Lee family clan, was having a nap. He had a strange dream. In the dream, a stranger handed him a handsome horse, asking him to take good care of it. Lee Choong Won observed the horse and was surprised to find the horse fine indeed. Overjoyed, he rubbed the horse's back, admiring its excellence. That's just when he woke up. A servant came to wake him up telling that someone was at the door to see him. Still in a daze from sleep, Choong Won hurried to the door to see who it was. </span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">It was the innkeeper, her daughter, and a small baby. "This is your heritage. He is Mr. Ban Oh's son. Please take him in." Was what they said. Choong Won didn't know what was going on so he summoned Ban Oh to find out what this was about. When Ban Oh arrived, he admitted the deed. Surprisingly, Choong Won didn't get angry but even decided to take the baby in. Maybe he knew what this baby had in potential. Of course, this baby was Lee Je Ma.</span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">As Je Ma grew up, it was obvious that he was gifted. He learnt to read and write at the age of 7 and by the time he reached 10, he was already a master. Unfortunately, his childhood wasn't always bright. At the age of 13, his father Lee Ban Oh passed away. Even worse, his strongest supporter, Lee Choong Won also took his last breath that winter. Faced with two personal tragedies, Je Ma was too grief stricken. That's when he took on the road without any destination. The wander and drift took 8 years.</span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">At the age of 21, Je Ma finally succumbed to the pressure to get married. He took a 20 years old bride and got married. She was Mrs. Kim, who was gentle and gracious. From her, Je Ma finally found some peace of mind. However, this wasn't meant to last. After giving birth to a son, Lee Yong Hae, she passed away at the age of 22. Once again, Je Ma lost someone dear. It was stressful enough to make him sick. From that day on, Je Ma suffered from 'Tae Yang Yul Guyk Ban Wi' syndrome. In other words, he kept vomiting and his stride was unstable and skippy.</span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">Once again, Lee Je Ma took on the road to forget his misery. While on the journey, Lee Je Ma met countless people and saw lots of things. He also acquainted numerous scholars and doctors (who were most likely scholars themselves). From this broad experience and observation, Lee Je Ma built the foundation of Four Constitutional Medicine.</span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">However, this was not an easy gain. He had already paid his price. When his wife Mrs. Kim died, Je Ma did all he could to save her life. He used all of his medical knowledge (which was quite broad and deep) and gave her lots of medicine. Nevertheless, this wasn't enough to save her. This and the observation of numerous different people led him to believe that each person was born different. Hence not every medicine can work for everyone. Everyone had a specific weakness and medicine that fits him.</span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">This illumination got only firmer when he took his second wife at the age of 35. She (who was also Mrs. Kim) was an outgoing and energetic person. Possibly an opposite of First Mrs. Kim. Later, Je Ma kept developing his Four Constitutional Medicine and became famous as a doctor. He also took lots of disciples in who would be our (current KM students of Korea) mentors. </span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">Although everyone knows that no pain means no gain, we all seek an easy path to our problems. However, there can never be an 'easy' life. Pain and suffering are everywhere and we all must face it. Observing Lee Je Ma, maybe it's not the pain that matters. Maybe it's what we do in the aftermath that matters. </span></p></p></p></p></p></p></p></p></p></p></p></p>All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-23378964619833570222010-01-27T18:30:00.002+09:002010-01-27T18:43:06.454+09:00<div align="center"><br /><p><span class="style2" lang="EN-US"><strong><font size="4">What Made Korean Medicine Different from TKM?</font></strong></span></p></div><br /><div align="right"><br /><p><strong><font size="4"><img height="186" src="http://koreanmedicine.net/12news/images/yunna.jpg" width="140" /><br /></font></strong></p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">written by Kim, Yunna</span></p><br /><p><font face="Times New Roman,Georgia,Times" size="3">(Grade 3, Writer)</font></p></div><br /><p><span class="style2"><strong><font size="4">- PartⅠ; From ancient times</font></strong></span></p><br /><p class="style2">to Classified Assemblage of Medical Prescriptions(醫方類聚) -</p><br /><p><img height="228" src="http://koreanmedicine.net/12news/images/2.bmp" width="568" /> <?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = V /><v:shapetype id=_x0000_t75 path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f" filled="f" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = O /><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape id=_x83297400 style="WIDTH: 425.2pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 138.14pt; v-text-anchor: top; mso-position-vertical-relative: line; mso-position-vertical: absolute; mso-position-horizontal-relative: text; mso-position-horizontal: absolute" type="#_x0000_t75"><v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\사용자\LOCALS~1\Temp\Hnc\BinData\EMB00000ed03096.bmp" o:title="EMB00000ed03096"></v:imagedata><?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = W /><w:wrap type="topAndBottom"></w:wrap></v:shape><v:shapetype id=_x0000_t75 path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f" filled="f" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape id=_x102691080 style="MARGIN-TOP: -85.34pt; WIDTH: 425.2pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 184.39pt; v-text-anchor: top; mso-position-vertical-relative: line; mso-position-vertical: absolute; mso-position-horizontal-relative: text; mso-position-horizontal: absolute" type="#_x0000_t75"><v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\사용자\LOCALS~1\Temp\Hnc\BinData\EMB00000ed03095.bmp" o:title="EMB00000ed03095"></v:imagedata><w:wrap type="topAndBottom"></w:wrap></v:shape><br /><p><img height="270" src="http://koreanmedicine.net/12news/images/1.bmp" width="560" /> <br /><table borderColor="#000000" bgColor="#999999"><br /><tbody><br /><tr><br /><td vAlign="center"><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">Before you go... </span><span lang="EN-US">written by Shin, Seungwon</span></p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">It is not easy to describe the history of Chinese traditional medicine with only a few sentences. But we are sure about several points which pulled the level of the oriental medicine ahead. One of them was the book, Huangdi’s Internal Classic(黃帝內經, estimated to be firstly published before Han), which was technically not less to pull, but more to begin the medicine in China. The book includes the basic theories of oriental medicine and, more profoundly, the philosophy of the medicine. But more practically meaningful work was started with Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases(傷寒論, estimated to be published in the 3rd century). It was written on the basis of clinical experiences of the oriental doctor, Zhang Zhongjing(張仲景). Around the ages, Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica(神農本草經, estimated to be published in Han) was also published, which has been referred as the bible of herb study. After that, many books were shown in the area but did not have much impact on the history. </span></p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">When it came to the times of Chinese dynasty of Jin(金) and Yuan(元), the four great doctors, Liu Wansu(劉完素), Zhang Zihe(張子和), Li Gao(李?) and Zhu Zhenheng(朱震亨), tried to reconstruct the medical theories. They established different points of view about human body, which result in the respectively corresponding treatment principles. The fruits of their study still have much effect on the present researchers and clinicians in many fields. One example is the formula, </span><span lang="EN-US">Bojungikgi-tang</span><span lang="EN-US">(補中益氣湯), which treats the disease caused by insufficiency of middle qi. However, the study turned its focus on a new problem; the differences between western medicine and oriental medicine. Some tried to exclude the new one from oriental medicine in order to preserve their tradition, while others accepted western science to criticize old-fashioned medicine. Also, there were efforts to diffuse two different objects into one newly systematized medicine. </span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></p><br /><p><img height="291" src="http://koreanmedicine.net/12news/images/12news_1_EMB00000ed03097.jpg" width="243" /> <br /><p><v:shapetype id=_x0000_t75 path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f" filled="f" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape id=_x102564880 style="MARGIN-TOP: 6.2pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 232.92pt; WIDTH: 207.92pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 254.22pt; v-text-anchor: top; mso-position-vertical-relative: line; mso-position-vertical: absolute; mso-position-horizontal-relative: text; mso-position-horizontal: absolute" type="#_x0000_t75"><v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\사용자\LOCALS~1\Temp\Hnc\BinData\EMB00000ed03097.jpg" o:title="EMB00000ed03097"></v:imagedata><w:wrap type="square"></w:wrap></v:shape><span lang="EN-US">Do you know 'tonkatsu'? It is a deep-fried pork cutlet rolled in breadcrumbs. People say tonkatsu is the Japanese version of the Austrian dish, wiener schnitzel or pork cutlet. However, you will soon recognize they have nothing in common with each other at a glance. There are many examples like tonkatsu in Japanese food: Tempura from Portuguese cuisine, sukiyaki from western meat dish, omurice from French dish, omelette, etc. In fact, Japanese hadn't eaten four-footed animals until 1876 due to their belief in Buddhism so they officially started to eat beef and pork after the Meiji Restoration. For this reason, just following unfamiliar recipes, they at last created mutated 'Japanized food' which is one of the most popular food these days. That is what we call 'imitation is the mother of invention'. You can see a number of instances to support this proverb. 'Korean medicine(韓醫學)' is one of them. </span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">There are several records that prove medicine had existed on the Korean Peninsula since Gojosoen(2333B.C.~108 B.C.), the first Kingdom of Korea. Since the inflow of Chinese medicine around the 7th century, Chinese medicine, which was theoretically superior to Korean, has been dominant in Korea. </span></p><br /><p><br /><p><v:shapetype id=_x0000_t75 path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f" filled="f" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape id=_x102937064 style="MARGIN-TOP: 12.88pt; WIDTH: 187.02pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 276.87pt; v-text-anchor: top; mso-position-vertical-relative: line; mso-position-vertical: absolute; mso-position-horizontal-relative: text; mso-position-horizontal: absolute" type="#_x0000_t75"><v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\사용자\LOCALS~1\Temp\Hnc\BinData\EMB00000ed03098.jpg" o:title="EMB00000ed03098"></v:imagedata><w:wrap type="square"></w:wrap></v:shape><img height="366" src="http://koreanmedicine.net/12news/images/ga.jpg" width="245" /></p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">(Emergency Prescriptions from the Countryside(鄕藥救急方), the oldest medical book of Korea</span>)</p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">However,</span><span lang="EN-US">in the mid 11th century(Koryeo Dynasty), there was movement of medical independence from Chinese medicine. At that time, China was highly developed in medicine as well as science and culture, and Korea couldn't help adopting medical theories and clinical practice from China. As this tendency got severe, Korean unquestioningly accepted medical theories and Chinese drugs. Importing theories yielded good results in some extent but it hardly worked on practice. One main factor to cause the clinical difficulties is that imported Chinese herbs were so expensive. Therefore, exploitation of domestic herbs was irresistible. Moreover, people started to think 'Medicine from Korea can cure disease from Korea' Some herbs were turned out to have better efficacy than Chinese ones. Finally, in the late 11th century, the common notion got prevalent that Korean herbs were excellent and medical scientists began to call Korean herbs ‘Hyang-yak(鄕藥)’. Hyang-yak means 'herbs available in Korea', that is, herbs obtainable from mountains, fields, seas, rivers, and so on in Korea. It reflects the transitional stage of medical field, which is that people try to use medicine grown in their own country even though they apply foreign theories and formulas. This effort led to publication of ‘Emergency Prescriptions from the Countryside(鄕藥救急方)’, which was estimated to be published between 1232 and 1251. The books still remains the oldest medical book of Korea. Hyang-yak pulled the trigger of Korean medical independence from China and many books concerning Hyang-yak were published. </span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">King Sejong the Great(世宗大王, 1394-1450) of Joseon Dynasty(1392~1910), who invented Hangeul, the Korean alphabet, also set considerable achievement on the medical field. He commanded editing ‘Compendium of Prescriptions from the Countryside(鄕藥集成方)’ and ‘Classified Assemblage of Medical Prescriptions(醫方類聚)’ which played an important role on more complete independence of medicine. </span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">‘Compendium of Prescriptions from the Countryside(鄕藥集成方)’ is an encyclopedia of Hyang-yak. It consists of 85 volumes containing 10,706 formulas and relevant Hyang-yak's. King Sejong dispatched his scholars to China several times to distinguish differences of Hyang-yak from Chinese herbs. Academic exchange with China let KM evolve into more logical and systematic medicine. Thanks to this thorough process, Compendium of Prescriptions from the Countryside could tie up loose ends on Hyang-yak research. </span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">On the other hand, ‘Classified Assemblage of Medical Prescriptions(醫方類聚)’ is a database of Korean medicine. The purpose of Classified Assemblage of Medical Prescriptions was to close the gap between Korean medicine and Chinese medicine. Scholars collected whole medical books ever published in East Asia and edited them to establish not only extensive but also systematic database. This huge project began in 1445 but ended in 1477 with the result of 266 volumes. Investigating every medical book in East Asia, it enabled Korean doctors to assimilate advanced medical technology of China. </span></p><br /><p><v:shapetype id=_x0000_t75 path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f" filled="f" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape id=_x102821752 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 212.86pt; WIDTH: 212.34pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 201.78pt; v-text-anchor: top; mso-position-vertical-relative: line; mso-position-vertical: absolute; mso-position-horizontal-relative: text; mso-position-horizontal: absolute" type="#_x0000_t75"><v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\사용자\LOCALS~1\Temp\Hnc\BinData\EMB00000ed03099.bmp" o:title="EMB00000ed03099" croptop="15488f" cropright="7347f" cropleft="32629f" cropbottom="18169f"></v:imagedata><w:wrap type="square"></w:wrap></v:shape><img height="394" src="http://koreanmedicine.net/12news/images/euibang.JPG" width="501" /></p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">Classified Assemblage of Medical Prescriptions(醫方類聚)</span></p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">By the way, Some people might be curious how Classified Assemblage of Medical Prescriptions could lead to independence of technology by nothing but just gathering advanced medical knowledge. There are, however, many similar cases in history. Nowadays in China, one of the biggest issue is 'shanzhai(山寨)'. Shanzhai means imitation but has less negative nuance. Since shanzhai cell phone in the mid 2000, Chinese manufacturers have already produced shanzhai computer, TV, refrigerator but also shanzhai TV show, soap opera, TV star, etc. Yet, shanzhai is not humble imitation anymore. 150 million shanzhai cell phones are sold so far and one famous cell phone company asked them for OEM supply due to their good quality. This kind of example is not unusual. Another case is very close to us. Many famous Korean companies, such as Samsung and LG, have been developed by copying other countries. United States, the most developed country nowadays, has proceeded industrialization on the basis of a copyright law not applied to foreign cases. Such successful instances were all able to make their achievements after fostering technology through the stage of imitation. </span></p><br /><p><br /><p><span lang="EN-US">Korean medicine has gone through the same steps. ‘Compendium of Prescriptions from the Countryside(鄕藥集成方)’ could make KM's independence of herbs accomplished and ‘Classified Assemblage of Medical Prescriptions(醫方類聚)’ could make the independence of technology possible. In addition, ‘Synopsis of the Medical World(醫林撮要)’, which was published later, helped Korean medicine catch up the latest fashion of Chinese medicine. Korean medicine was no more unparallel to Chinese medicine and was ready to pioneer its own path. And now, IT'S SHOWTIME!!</span></p></p></p></p></p></p></p></p></p>All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-992822742672964356.post-65061825739078614742010-01-27T14:02:00.002+09:002010-01-27T18:42:52.937+09:00Four-constitutional Medicine as Korean traditional Medicine's special subjectFour-constitutional Medicine as Korean traditional Medicine's special subject<br />-Special time with professor Lee part 1.<br /><br /><br />We can say that one of the main character of Korean traditional Medicine is Four-constitutional<br /><br />Medicine. These days, many people are concerned about Four-constitutional Medicine but they<br /><br />don't know what Four-constitutional Medicine exactly. What makes Four-constitutional<br /><br />Medicine placed in special position of Korean traditional Medicine? what contents are there in<br /><br />Four-constitutional Medicine? what is the significance of existence of Four-constitutional<br /><br />Medicine in Korean traditional Medicine? There are so many questions about Four-<br /><br />constitutional Medicine. therefore, we had a special time with professor Lee who works for<br /><br />Kyunghee Oriental Hospital.<br /><br /><br /><em>Jun Hyoung : People say that Four-constitutional Medicine is different from existing Oriental </em><br /><em></em><br /><em>Medicine. I heard that in contrast with existing Oriental Medicine that is mainly based on </em><br /><em></em><br /><em>Taoism, Four-constitutional Medicine relies on Confucianism. What is prominent distinction </em><br /><em></em><br /><em>between these two Medicines?</em><br /><br /><br />Professor Lee : Existing Oriental Medicine is based on the Yin-Yang and Five phases theory that<br /><br />are basic concepts of Taoism. Taoism describes human as beings who have to adapt themselves<br /><br />to the nature, with the view that human-beings called Small Universe is parts of the nature,<br /><br />Large Universe. Since Universe itself is Qi and human-beings are connected with Universe by<br /><br />Qi, human-beings change themselves with their wholeness, following the order of change of<br /><br />Universe. However, the perspective of Taoism put so much focus on the harmonization between<br /><br />human-beings and nature that it could not reflect the autonomy of human-beings. Hence, it<br /><br />could not explain various diseases caused by discords of human own, and between human and<br /><br />society. That is, Taoism was no more able to elucidate diverse states that occur according to the<br /><br />civilization of human society. Under this urge of the age, Four-constitutional Medicine appeared<br /><br />as a concept overcoming Nature-focused theory. In Four-constitutional Medicine, we can figure<br /><br />out that foci were moved from nature to human-beings, and materialism to spiritualism. Four-<br /><br />constitutional Medicine puts human into center and concerns states they make. It was<br /><br />Confucianism that was adequate for the human-oriented theory. In Four-constitutional<br /><br />Medicine, Lee Je-Ma set the ethical doctrine of innate goodness as a background, and concerned<br /><br />on the states that occured under the situation that postnatal factors blocked good nature of<br /><br />human. In addition, in the Book of Changes, it says that the Great Absolute produces Yin and<br /><br />Yang, Yin and Yang make Four-shape, Four-shape bears the Eight Trigrams for divination. it<br /><br />consists of the structure of 'Great Absolute - Yin and Yang - Four-shape - the Eight Trigrams for<br /><br />divination' and explains material phenomena with the Eight Trigrams for divination made by<br /><br />Four-shape. Four-shape is just an intermediary and appears a little while at the process which<br /><br />Great Absolute changes into he Eight Trigrams for divination. However, four constitutions in<br /><br />Four-constitutional Medicine consist of the structure of 'Great Absolute - Yin and Yang - Four-<br /><br />shape' and there is no branch after Four-shape. Four-shape becomes a substantial concept as 'Sa<br /><br />Sim Sin Mul(事心身物)'. 'Sa Sim Sin Mul(事心身物)' is element of universe, controls birth and<br /><br />change of all things and makes harmony by itself. Four-constitutional Medicine explains human<br /><br />with the temper(性情) of Confucianism based on holism as 'Sa Sim Sin Mul(事心身物)' instead of<br /><br />yin-yang and five phases theory. To sum up, Four-constitutional Medicine, with the temper(性<br /><br />情) of Confucianism based on holism as 'Sa Sim Sin Mul(事心身物)' takes human-oriented<br /><br />epistemology that regards human as beings with the ability of self-control that actively deal with<br /><br />the nature.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><em>Se Hyun : were there specific urges of the age or backgrouds that drived Lee Je-Ma to design this new Medicine?</em><br /><br /><br />Professor Lee : When Lee Je-Ma lived, there were many changes in government and society in<br /><br />Joseon dynasty such as the confusion of administration, the change of the status system, popular<br /><br />uprisings, external aggressions and etc. So there were requirements to establish new order of<br /><br />society at that time. Accordingly, many scholars became criticizing the consuming controversy<br /><br />between 主氣論 and 主理論 which are main doctrines in Sung Confucianism and new theory like<br /><br />realism involving promotion of public welfare and contribution to the society which is progressive<br /><br />Confucianism appeared. The society underwent drastic changes from the inflow of foreign<br /><br />cultures and the birth of realism although there was a tendency called 衛正斥邪 where people<br /><br />sticked to their existing theory in way that only the existing thought, the doctrines of Chu-tzu(朱<br /><br />子學) is right but others like Catholicism are wrong. Those became the historical background of<br /><br />philosophy in Joseon dynasty to make principals in Sung Confucianism concretize and actualize<br /><br />by making them the practical logic. In detail, Lee(理) which is the main doctrine in Sung<br /><br />Confucianism is absolute good. Originally, Confucians had thought that Lee(理) is equal to Sung<br /><br />(性) saying '性卽理' but in 18-19 century, this thought was changed to the philosophy based on<br /><br />Sim(心). In other words, the main concept in the doctrines of Wang Yang-ming(陽明學) is that<br /><br />Sim(心) and Lee(理) are the same saying '心卽理'. This change of thought was a result from the<br /><br />current regarding Sim(心) as the most important thing in Sung Confucianism, not a result of<br /><br />transferring Sung Confucianism to Wang Yang-ming(陽明學). Namely, Because Lee(理)<br /><br />considered as Sung(性) was an ideal concept in traditionally established Sung Confucianism, it<br /><br />couldn't become a practical logic. Then, Appearance of Sim(心) made Sung Confucianism more<br /><br />practical and concrete than Sung(性) in '性卽理' and Lee Je-Ma made use of this concept to<br /><br />describe human body. in other words, he explained lung, spleen, liver, and kidney which are<br /><br />more concrete objects with the absolute good which is abstract concept. Though Sung<br /><br />Confucianism that is the main ideology in Joseon dynasty was degraded to the fight of the faction<br /><br />by the historical view in japan, it had a slow development but continued to be modified in the<br /><br />mainstream. what made this new theory appear at that times? First of all, If Joseon dynasty was<br /><br />an ideal society, people had a happy life, but their life were miserable. also the nation incessantly<br /><br />exposed to external aggressions. then most scholars were aware of serious problems in this<br /><br />situation. Second, by explaining medicine with the concept of the absolute good in the established<br /><br />metaphysical Confucianism the stronger practical will was expressed. This could represent much<br /><br />to the history of philosophy. That means Lee Je-Ma, the scholar of Confucianism, stuck to the<br /><br />specific and positive attitude through the practical means, medicine, in other to realize the aspect<br /><br />of practice in the abstract Confucianism.<br /><br /><br /><br /><em>Yeu En : Four-constitutional Medicine has distinctive classifying system called four constitutions. What is the difference between Naegyeong's Ou-tae-in and four constitutions, and what meaning and significance does this difference infer? Four-constitutional Medicine uses the original classifying system, four constitutions to categorize people and clinically treat them. Can all people be actually categorized into four constitutions? Isn't it possible that there are other constitutions than the four? For example, might not some be half and half between lesser yin person and lesser yang person, or greater yang person and greater yin person?<br /></em><br /><br /><br />Proffessor Lee : Yin Yang and Five phases theory, the rules of nature, is also applied to humans<br /><br />uniformly, but uniform application can mean overlooking individual's characteristics. This might<br /><br />work as a barrier in recognizing disease or treating. The endeavor to make up for the limits of<br /><br />pattern identification-treatment method can be seen in Naegyeong's Ou-tae-in theory or 陰陽二<br /><br />十五人論, Jang Jung-Gyeong's Yin Yang constitution theory and such. Four-constitutional<br /><br />Medicine can also be seen as a descendant of those previous attempts to complement the limits<br /><br />of pattern-treatment medicine. Yet while the previous attempts were based on the traditionally<br /><br />established theory of yin-yang and five phase, thus locking themselves in its limits, Four-<br /><br />constitutional Medicine defined a new paradigm based on a new way of thinking and<br /><br />philosophical background. It did something more than simply categorizing with constitutions<br /><br />concept, which was what previous theories did. Among those previous theories, Ou-tae-in<br /><br />classifies people with Five phases theory and uses only people's outward appearance as a tool for<br /><br />explaining configuration and form of five phase. In other words, it explains people's external<br /><br />appearances as compared to five phase, but there are no constructive visions other than that.<br /><br />That is why the categorization of Ou-tae-in isn't called 'medicine'. It just categorizes people, and<br /><br />doesn't contain medical information according to the constitutions such as physiology, pathology,<br /><br />preventive medicine, and life preservation medicine. In comparison, Four-constitutional<br /><br />Medicine categorizes people by the largeness and smallness of internal organs, specifically lung,<br /><br />spleen, liver, and kidney. Based on that category it explains a person's physiology, pathology,<br /><br />preventive medicine, and life preservation medicine.<br /><br />I can say with conviction that a person has one constitution among the four, and it does not<br /><br />change. In Four-constitutional Medicine, it has three principles about constitutions. First is that<br /><br />the four constitutions do not change. Second is that we should not blend treatment materials for<br /><br />the four constitutions. Thirdly, constitutions are based on the permanent factors. It is said "人稟<br /><br />臟理 有四不同"(People are born with the four principles of organs, and each principle is different<br /><br />from one another), and that "太少陰陽之臟局短長 陰陽之變化也, 天稟之已定, 固無可論"(The<br /><br />length and shortness of organs in Larger and Lesser yin and yang are variations of yinyang.<br /><br />those are indisputable because they are already innately given by nature)<br /><br />Also, Lee Je-ma asserted "太少陰陽之臟局短長 四不同中 有一大同 天理之變化也 聖人與衆人 一<br /><br />同也 太少陰陽之短長變化 一同之中 有四偏... 聖人之臟 四端也 衆人之臟 四端也"(The The length<br /><br />and shortness of organs in larger/lesser yin/yang persons can be differentiated into four, and the<br /><br />four are not the same but they have one important similarity which is the variations of the laws<br /><br />of nature. Saints and ordinary people have this in common. Based on this one sameness, the<br /><br />larger and lesser yin and yang's long and short changes have four tendencies,.. The saints' organs<br /><br />have four traces and ordinary people's organs also have four traces), saying that all people<br /><br />belong in one of the category of four constitutions. That people are born with declinations of<br /><br />organs such as larger lung-smaller liver and larger liver-smaller lung indicates the imperfection<br /><br />of humans. Thus it can be said that people are born with innate strengths and weaknesses, and it<br /><br />is the purpose of four constitutions medicine to know those strong and weak points in order to<br /><br />strive for perfection. This is also why we say that given constitution is permanent for one's life.<br /><br />Then, in actual lives when people change as they live, it is their symptoms that change, not the<br /><br />constitution. Consequently, when we categorize people we must do so by the unchanging factors<br /><br />and must treat diseases according to those.<br /><br />In this article, we just talked about special characters of Four-constitutional Medicine, historical<br /><br />demands for Four-constitutional Medicine and the classifying system called four constitutions.<br /><br />Does this article make you know a little more about Four-constitutional Medicine? there are<br /><br />more talks about Four-constitutional Medicine. To be continued.All that Korean medicinenoreply@blogger.com3