pTS is not that dissimilar from it's alkyl cousin, SPS, {1353}. Likely a soapy chemical due to the opposed methyl and sulfonic acid group; benzine will take up less room in the polymer c.f. SDS & may lower the oxidation potential of EDOT.

Tosylates have been explored as a EDOT counterion : PMID-22383043Characterization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):tosylate conductive polymer microelectrodes for transmitter detection. and PEDOT-TMA

For each solution the electrodeposition was carried out by applying 100 pA/channel for 600 s to form a layer of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):sodium p-toluenesulfonate (PEDOT:pTS) or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS).

Weird, would use voltage control here..

According to works by Green et al [45] and Hukins et al [46], equation (1) can be used to determine the aging time that

the fibers have undergone: t37=tTQ10T−37)/10 where t37 is the simulated aging time at 37 °C, tT is the
amount of real time that the samples have been kept at the elevated temperature, T, and Q10 is an aging factor that is
equal to 2, according to ASTM guidelines for polymer aging [47].

Show > 2MOhm impedance of the small-area electrodes. At the aging endpoint, PEDOT:pTS had about half the impedance of PEDOT:PSS.

4M PSS, 7M pTS, both plated down to ~ 130k initial, went up to 2M pSS, 840k pTS.

Poulin et al. demonstrated that microelectrodes made solely of CNT fibers22 show remarkable electrochemical activity, sensitivity, and resistance to biofouling compared to conventional carbon fibers when used for bioanalyte detection in vitro.23-25

A one-second, reversed-polarity pulse helped to clean the surface of the tetrode tip and lowered the impedances to 2MΩ to 3 MΩ before electroplating.

Electroplating pulses were one to five seconds long and were repeated until the tetrodes reached the desired impedances. After electroplating, the tetrodes were soaked in DI, air dried, and checked for shorts.

We describe an assembly method for a 16-channel electrode array consisting of carbon fibers (<5 µm diameter) individually insulated with Parylene-C and fire-sharpened. The diameter of the array is approximately 26 µm along the full extent of the implant.

The absence of any report of single neuron isolation in HVC with a fixed chronic electrode implant underscores the difficulty of recording small cells (8-15um soma) with an implant whose damage length scale is large relative to the target neurons. (!!)

Here, we report the development of an integrated composite electrode consisting of a carbon-fibre core, a poly(p-xylylene)-based thin-film coating that acts as a dielectric barrier and that is functionalized to control intrinsic biological processes, and a poly(thiophene)-based recording pad.

It has been estimated that insertion of a 50 um wire in the adult rat hippocampus CA1 area could damage 90% of the neurons that would otherwise be recordable by the electrode (Claverol-Tinture and Nadasdy 2004)

"Just two countries - Indonesia and Brazil - account for ten percent of the greenhouse gasses released into the atmosphere. "

"During the next twenty-four hours the effect of losing forests in Brazil and Indonesia will be the same as if eight million people boarded airplanes at Heathrow airport and flew en mass to New York. "