Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening blood chemical (electrolyte) imbalance that develops in a person with diabetes when the cells do not get the sugar (glucose) they need for energy. As a result, the body breaks down fat instead of glucose and produces and releases substances called ketones into the bloodstream.

People with type 1 diabetes and some people with type 2 diabetes are at risk for DKA if they do not take enough insulin, have a severe infection or other illness, or become severely dehydrated.

Symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis include:

Flushed, hot, dry skin.

A strong, fruity breath odor.

Restlessness, drowsiness, or difficulty waking up. Young children may lack interest in their normal activities.

Treatment involves giving insulin and fluids through a vein and closely monitoring and replacing electrolytes.

By

Healthwise Staff

Primary Medical Reviewer

E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine

Specialist Medical Reviewer

David C.W. Lau, MD, PhD, FRCPC - Endocrinology

Last Revised

May 21, 2012

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