Thiruvannamalai District

Thiruvannamalai District (Tamil : திருவண்ணாமலை மாவட்டம்) (also known as Tiruvannamalai) is one of the 32 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu, in South India. It was formed in the year 1989 from non-existing North Arcot District as Tiruvannamalai Sambuvarayar and Vellore Ambedkar. Tiruvannamalai town is the district headquarters.

Arni is famous for silk sarees. As of 2011, the district had a population of 2,464,875 with a sex-ratio of 994 females for every 1,000 males.

Thiruvannamalai District History

Thiruvannamalai is one of the most venerated places in Tamil Nadu. In ancient times, the term “Annamalai” meant an inaccessible mountain. The word “Thiru” was prefixed to signify its greatness, and coupled with the two terms, it was called Thiruvannamalai. Thiru means ‘holy‘ or ‘sacred‘ and is traditionally used in front of names in all parts of Tamil Nadu like

The temple town of Tiruvannamalai is one of the most ancient heritage sites of India and is a centre of the Saiva religion. The Arunachala hill and its environs have been held in great regard by the Tamils for centuries. The temple is grand in conception and architecture and is rich in tradition, history and festivals. The main Deepam festival attracts devotees from far and wide throughout South India. It has historic places besides Tiruvannamalai, Arni, Vandavasi, Devikapuram connected to East India and French companies. In the late Chola period the district was ruled by the Cholan of Sambuvarayar having Padavedu near Arni as HQ. We can now find the fort and note along with a Shiva temple namely Kailasanathar in Arni town.

After independence Tiruvannamalai was under North Arcot District. The civil district of North Arcot was divided into Vellore District and Thiruvannamalai District in October 1989. Thiru. P.Kolappan IAS was the first Collector of Thiruvannamalai District. On the whole Tiruvannamalai is traditionally rich in Historic and spiritual values but lacks in industrial growth.

Thiruvannamalai District Demographics

According to 2011 census, Tiruvannamalai District had a population of 2,464,875 with a sex-ratio of 994 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 2,72,569 were under the age of six, constituting 1,41,205 males and 1,31,364 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 22.94% and 3.69% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the district was 66.%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The district had a total of 588,836 households. There were a total of 12,38,177 workers, comprising 2,65,183 cultivators, 3,51,310 main agricultural labourers, 37,020 in house hold industries, 3,16,559 other workers, 2,68,105 marginal workers, 27,458 marginal cultivators, 173,753 marginal agricultural labourers, 9,700 marginal workers in household industries and 57,194 other marginal workers.

The average annual rainfall of the study area is 987 mm, out of which 80 percent is received during monsoon. The soils of the study area have an Ustic moisture regime and Hyperthermic temperature regime.Tiruvannamalai District comes under the Eastern Ghats (TN uplands) and Deccan plateau, hot semiarid region with red loamy soil with cropping period of 90 to 150 days. Excepting hills, the district falls in the North Eastern agro climatic zone of Tamil Nadu. The average annual rainfall of the study area is 987.4 mm, out of which 80 percent is received during monsoon.

Municipalities

Arani

Tiruvannamalai

Tiruvethipuram

Vandavasi

Rivers of Thiruvannamalai District

Cheyyar River

Thenpennai River

Kamandala River

Naganathi River

Thiruvannamalai District Economy

In the District, Arani and Thiruvannamalai regions are highest revenue generations regions respectievely.

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Tiruvannamalai one of the country’s 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). It is one of the six districts in Tamil Nadu currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).

Thiruvannamalai District Agriculture

Tiruvannamalai District is known for its two major businesses, agriculture and silk saree weaving.Rice cultivation and processing is one of the biggest businesses in this district. 1,12,013 hectares of paddy cultivation is irrigated by 1965 lakes and 18 reservoirs and small dams. It has 18 regulated markets through which the farmers sell their agri products directly to the government. Through these regulated markets, 2,71,411 metric tonnes of paddy harvested in 2007. There are lot of rice mills to process paddy found throughout the district. The modern rice mill near Cheyyar is the biggest government owned mill and Arani has around 278 rice mills. Kalambur is also has around 20 Rice mills and known for variety of rice called Kalambur Ponni rice.

Thiruvannamalai District Silk weaving

The district has a large populace of weavers from Sengunthar caste, who specialize in making Silk sarees. Hand looms are often engaged for weaving, although recently some have turned to mechanized methods of using Power looms.Arni is the most important revenue earning town in the district. Though the town is not popular off the state, a bulk of India’s Silk apparels is produced by the people of Arni.

Thiruvannamalai District Industrialization

The district started to industrialize following the establishment of the industrial complex near Cheyyar by the State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu (SIPCOT). This is evidenced by the recent announcements of a 250-acre (1.0 sq.km) hi-tech Special Economic Zone for automative components, a 300-acre (1.2 km2) electronics hardware park and the commitment from the Taiwanese Shoe Company to set up its unit. In November 2009 the Tamil Nadu cabinet approved the Mahindara & Mahindra’s Rs 1800 core automobile project in 450 acres. This unit will produce tractors, SUVs and commercial vehicles and auto parts. Aluminum die cast unit by Ashley Alteams, a joint venture by Ashok Leyland and Finland-based Alteams Oy started its production in January 2010. This High pressure die cast will manufacture automobile and telecommunication components with initial capacity of 7000 ton per year. One of the largest sugar mills in the country – Cheyyar co-operative sugars – is situated near Cheyyar.

Thiruvannamalai District Factories

Since Tiruvannamalai District has its capital at Tiruvannamalai City, there are many factories around Tiruvannamalai. Scent factories are large in number due to the high production of flowers around Tiruvannamalai. They are listed as follows:

Hindusthan house hold factories

Sarala birla factory of aroma oil

Parthiban cottages aroma oil factory

The Tamil Nadu government is planning for a SIPCOT at naidumangalam and kilpennathur both near Thiruvannamalai.

Thiruvannamalai District Tourism

Thirupanamur Jain Temple

Thirupanamur Jain Temple was built in 15th century by the local Jains. The temple has a large Mandap having stone idol of Shri Pushpadanta. The temple has a magnificent shikhara and kalash. The sanctum of the temple is composed of two stages, one has 4 idols in Padmasan posture and other stage has 4 idols in Kayotsarga posture. The temple has idols of other Tirthankars, Bahubali, yaksha Dharanendra and Brahma and yakshi Padmavati and Jwalamalini.

Sri Seshadri Swamigal Ashram

Mahan Sri Seshadri Swamigal lived in the late 20th century. Sri Seshadri Swamigal Ashram is one of the holy places in Tiruvannamalai. People from all over the world visit this Ashram, which is situated near the Sri Ramana Ashra the people who visit here.

Sri Ramana Ashram

Mahan Sri Ramana Maharshi lived in Tiruvannamalai. Sri Ramana Ashram is one the holy places in this town. People from all over the world visit his Ashram. He attained mukhti in the year 1950.

Yogi Ram Surathkumar Ashram

Yogi Ram Surathkumar Ashram, also known as Visiri Samiyar Ashram, is one of the beautiful place in our Town. It is situated near the Ramana Ashram. Devotees from all over the world visit Yogi Ram Surathkumar Ashram. He attained mukthi in the year of 2000.

Sathanur Dam

Sathanur dam is one of the major dam constructed across Pennaiyar River among Chennakesava Hills. This Dam was constructed during the year 1958. It has beautiful parks and a mini zoo. The garden is dotted with colorful statues. There is a swimming pool too.

Jawadhu Hills

Jawadhu Hills is situated 75 km from Tiruvannamalai. The cliffs and precipices of hills allure and excite tourists. Places of interest in the Jawadhu hills are Beema Falls, Komutteri Lake, Kavalur Observatory, Amirthi Forest, and the Glass House.

Padaved

Padaved (Padai Veedu), Amman temple and Erikuppam, Sanneeswaran temple near Arani are significant holy places in the district. These places can be visited through Arani.

Arahanthgiri Jain Math

Arahanthgiri Jain Math is a Jain Math that was established at this ancient Jain site on 8 February 1998, at Thirumalai, Near Arani. The complex includes 3 Jain caves, 4 Jain temples and a 16 meter high sculpture of Neminatha thought to date from the 12th century that is the tallest Jain image in Tamil Nadu.