Effects of Nano-zinc on Biochemical Parameters in Cadmium-Exposed Rats. Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic environmental and occupational pollutant with reported toxic effects on the kidneys, liver, lungs, bones, and the immunity system. Based on its physicochemical similarity to cadmium, zinc (Zn) shows protective effects against cadmium toxicity and cadmium accumulation in the body. Nano-zinc and nano-zinc oxide (ZnO), recently used in foods and pharmaceutical products, can release a great amount of Zn(2+) in their environment. This research was carried out to investigate the more potent properties of the metal zinc among sub-acute cadmium intoxicated rats. Seventy-five male Wistar ra...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - April 17, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Hejazy M, Koohi MK Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Do Dietary Habits Influence Trace Elements Release from Fixed Orthodontic Appliances?The objective was to investigate the effect of dietary habits on the release of Cr and Ni ions from orthodontic appliances by hair mineral analysis. Patients (N = 47) underwent electronic questionnaire survey to investigate the effect of dietary habits on Cr and Ni levels in hair. The research was carried out on hair sampled at the beginning and in the 4th, 8th, and 12th months of the treatment. The content of Cr and Ni in the collected samples was determined by ICP-OES. The study showed that consumption of acidic dietary products may have the effect on increasing the release of Cr and Ni ions from orthodontic ap...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - April 11, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Wołowiec P, Chojnacka K, Loster BW, Mikulewicz M Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Iodinated TG in Thyroid Follicles Regulate TSH/TSHR Signaling for NIS Expression. Abstract
Our previous research has suggested that high degree of iodinated thyroglobulin (TG) may inhibit the expression and function of sodium iodide symporter (NIS), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In present study, we discuss a newly constructed follicle model in vitro, which was used to simulate the follicular structure of the thyroid and explore the regulatory roles of iodinated TG in the follicular lumen on NIS expression. The results showed that both NIS expression and PKA activity were increased in lowly iodinated TG group, while decreased NIS expression with increased PKC activity was found ...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - April 10, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Huang H, Shi Y, Liang B, Cai H, Cai Q Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Boric Acid Inhibition of Trichophyton rubrum Growth and Conidia Formation. Abstract
Trichophyton rubrum is a common human dermatophyte that is the causative agent of 80-93% of fungal infections of the skin and nails. While dermatophyte infections in healthy people are easily treatable with over-the-counter medications, such infections pose a higher risk for patients with compromised immune function and impaired regenerative potential. The efficacy of boric acid (BA) for the treatment of vaginal yeast infections prompted an investigation of the effect of BA on growth and morphology of T. rubrum. This is of particular interest since BA facilitates wound healing, raising the possibility tha...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - April 8, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Schmidt M Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Effects of Zinc and N-Acetylcysteine in Damage Caused by Lead Exposure in Young Rats.This study investigated the toxicity of rats exposed to lead acetate (AcPb) during the second phase of brain development (8-12 days postnatal) in hematological and cerebral parameters. Moreover, the preventive effect of zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was investigated. Pups were injected subcutaneously with saline (0.9% NaCl solution), ZnCl2 (27 mg/kg/day), NAC (5 mg/kg/day) or ZnCl2 plus NAC for 5 days (3rd-7th postnatal days), and with saline (0.9% NaCl solution) or AcPb (7 mg/kg/day) in the five subsequent days (8th-12th postnatal days). Animals were sacrificed 21 days afte...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - April 7, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Pedroso TF, Oliveira CS, Fonseca MM, Oliveira VA, Pereira ME Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Tracing Tellurium and Its Nanostructures in Biology. Abstract
Tellurium (Te) is a semimetal rare element in nature. Together with oxygen, sulfur (S), and selenium (Se), Te is considered a member of chalcogen group. Over recent decades, Te applications continued to emerge in different fields including metallurgy, glass industry, electronics, and applied chemical industries. Along these lines, Te has recently attracted research attention in various fields. Though Te exists in biologic organisms such as microbes, yeast, and human body, its importance and role and some of its potential implications have long been ignored. Some promising applications of Te using its inor...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - April 4, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Zare B, Nami M, Shahverdi AR Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Ameliorated Effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate Against Toxicity Induced by Vanadium in the Kidneys of Wistar Rats. Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the protective effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a flavonoid abundant in green tea, against ammonium metavanadate (AMV)-induced oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. Four groups of animals have been used, a control group and three test groups. In the first test group, AMV was intra-peritoneally (i.p) injected daily (5 mg/kg body weight for five consecutive days). The second test group of animals was also injected daily with EGCG (5 mg/kg body weight) during the same period. However, the third test group was i.p. injected with both AMV and EGCG (5&n...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 29, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Soussi A, Abdennabi R, Ghorbel F, Murat JC, El Feki AF Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Protective Effect of Selenium on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Mice. Abstract
Aflatoxins have been considered as one of the major risk factors of male infertility, and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most highly toxic and prevalent member of the aflatoxins family. Selenium (Se), an essential nutritional trace mineral for normal testicular development and male fertility, has received extensive intensive on protective effects of male reproductive system due to its potential antioxidant and activating testosterone synthesis. To investigate the protective effect of Se on AFB1-induced testicular toxicity, the mice were orally administered with AFB1 (0.75 mg/kg) and Se (0.2 mg/kg or...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 27, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Cao Z, Shao B, Xu F, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhu Y Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Serum Hepcidin and Soluble Transferrin Receptor in the Assessment of Iron Metabolism in Children on a Vegetarian Diet. Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of vegetarian diet on iron metabolism parameters paying special attention to serum hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) concentrations in 43 prepubertal children (age range 4.5-9.0 years) on vegetarian and in 46 children on omnivorous diets. There were no significant differences according to age, weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) between vegetarian and omnivorous children. Vegetarians had similar intake of iron and vitamin B12 and a significantly higher intake of vitamin C (p Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 24, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Ambroszkiewicz J, Klemarczyk W, Mazur J, Gajewska J, Rowicka G, Strucińska M, Chełchowska M Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

The Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Particulate and Soluble Cobalt in Human Urothelial Cells. Abstract
Cobalt use is increasing particularly due to its use as one of the primary metals in cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) metal-on-metal prosthetics. CoCrMo is a high-strength, wear-resistant alloy with reduced risk for prosthetic loosening and device fracture. More than 500,000 people receive hip implants each year in the USA which puts them at potential risk for exposure to metal ions and particles released by the prosthetic implants. Data show cobalt ions released from prosthetics reach the bloodstream and accumulate in the bladder. As patients with failed hip implants show increased urinary and blood c...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 21, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Speer RM, The T, Xie H, Liou L, Adam RM, Wise JP Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Dietary Intake of Minerals, Vitamins, and Trace Elements Among Geriatric Population in India. Abstract
The geriatric population is at a high risk of developing deficiencies of essential micronutrients such as minerals, vitamins, and trace elements and their related deficiency signs and symptoms. Scarce data is available on the dietary intake of essential micronutrients among geriatric subjects in India. Hence, to fill the gap in the existing knowledge, a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted during 2015-2016 in District Nainital, Uttarakhand State, India. A total of 255 geriatric subjects were enrolled from 30 clusters (villages) identified by using population proportionate to size sampling m...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 20, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Gupta A, Khenduja P, Pandey RM, Sati HC, Sofi NY, Kapil U Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Role of Selenium from Different Sources in Prevention of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Syndrome in Broiler Chickens. Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) syndrome in broilers is associated with hypoxia, which prevails at high altitude. Oxidative stress is the pathogenic mechanism underlying PAH. Because selenium is key element in the structure of antioxidant enzymes, we evaluated pulmonary hypertensive responses in broiler chickens fed with diets supplemented with organic or nano-selenium. One hundred forty-four broilers (starting at 5 days old) were fed with (i) control group: birds received a standard diet; (ii) nano-selenium group: birds were fed with basal diet supplemented with nano-selenium at 0.3 mg/kg...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 20, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Zamani Moghaddam AK, Mehraei Hamzekolaei MH, Khajali F, Hassanpour H Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Serum Level of Zinc and Copper in Sudanese Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the serum level of zinc and copper in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). A case-control study was conducted at Saad Abualila infertility center (Khartoum, Sudan). The cases were women who had a PCOS based on Rotterdam criteria. The controls were infertile women with no evidence of PCOS. The socio-demographic characteristics and medical history data were gathered using questionnaires. Zinc and copper levels were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. While there was no difference in zinc and copper levels between the two groups (50 women in each arm), me...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 18, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Sharif ME, Adam I, Ahmed MA, Rayis DA, Hamdan HZ Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Macro- and Microelement Status in Animal and Human Hypertension: the Role of the ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism. Abstract
Genetic factors that predispose to hypertension may contribute to element disturbances observed in hypertensive patients. We tested the hypothesis that the deletion allele of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is associated with element imbalances in hypertension. The concentrations of elements in genetically predisposed to hypertension rats (SHRs) and their controls (WKY rats) were also examined. ICP-MS was used for elemental analysis of human hair and animal fur. Genotyping was performed by PCR. We also measured micronuclei frequency and distribution of peripheral blood leukocytes in cell cycl...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 16, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Pavlyushchik O, Afonin V, Fatykhava S, Shabunya P, Sarokina V, Khapaliuk A Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

A Rat Experimental Study of the Relationship Between Fluoride Exposure and Sensitive Biomarkers.This study was aimed to establish the relationship between fluoride exposure and sensitive biomarkers. Ninety-six rats were randomly divided into six groups, with each group exposed to 0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 mg NaF/(kg.bw), respectively. Correlation analysis of the exposure levels, the tissue distributions and the effects was done, and the possible mathematical relationship between the exposure and sensitive biomarkers is discussed. Our findings revealed that the level of serum fluoride can serve as one of the sensitive indicators to reflect the ex-exposure levels (in the present article, ex-exposure means the fluoride...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 12, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Zhou Z, Wang H, Zheng B, Han Z, Chen Y, Ma Y Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Relationships Between Element Contents in Polish Children's and Adolescents' Hair.The objective of the study is to determine the contents of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) in girls' and boys' hair in five age groups (within 1-19-year range) corresponding to successive human ontogenesis phases as well as to evaluate the relationships between these elements. Quantitative analysis has been carried out using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Experimental results were analyzed using classic and principal component (PCA) statistical analyses. In particular, differences between contents of particularly Ca, Mg, and Zn in girls' and boys' hair wer...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 10, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Długaszek M, Skrzeczanowski W Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Trace Element Levels in Scalp Hair of School Children in Shigatse, Tibet, an Endemic Area for Kaschin-Beck Disease (KBD).This study aimed to assess some essential trace elements (Se, Mo, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Co, and Sr) in children using scalp hair as a biomarker, and 157 samples from school children aged 8-14 years old were collected from both KBD and non-KBD areas in Shigatse, Tibet. Se and Mo were measured by inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the other elements were determined by inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Compared with the non-KBD areas, Se, Mo, Mn, Fe, Zn, Co, and Sr levels of children in KBD areas were found to be significantly different (P Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 10, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Guo Y, Li H, Yang L, Li Y, Wei B, Wang W, Gong H, Guo M, Nima C, Zhao S, Wang J Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

The Concentration of Vanadium in Pathologically Altered Human Kidneys.ska E
Abstract
Vanadium has a unique and beneficial effect on both humans and animal organisms; however, excessive amount of the above-mentioned metal can cause many alterations in tissues and organs, including the kidneys. The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of vanadium (V) in the kidneys removed from patients due to lesions of various etiologies, including the rejection of the transplanted kidneys. Additionally, we determined the influence of selected biological and environmental factors on the V concentration. The study material consisted of the kidneys with tumor lesions (n = 27) ...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 9, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Wilk A, Wiszniewska B, Szypulska-Koziarska D, Kaczmarek P, Romanowski M, Różański J, Słojewski M, Ciechanowski K, Marchelek-Myśliwiec M, Kalisińska E Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Evidence of Zinc in Affording Protection Against X-Ray-Induced Brain Injury in Rats. Abstract
In the present world, X-rays have been regarded as one of the most efficient tools in medicine, industry and research. On the contrary, extensive human exposure to these rays is responsible for causing detrimental effects on physiological system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of zinc (Zn), if any, in mitigating the adverse effects induced by fractionated X-irradiation on rat brain. Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 170-200 g were divided into four different groups viz.: (a) normal control, (b) X-irradiated (21Gy), (c) zinc treated (227 mg/L in drinking water) and (d)...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 6, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Sharma P, Singla N, Dhawan DK Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Involvement of Zn Depletion in Cd-Induced Toxicity on Prenatal Bone Formation in Rat.This study explored the potential toxicity of Cd on the Zn bone depletion in prenatal bone formation. Female rats received either tap water, Cd, Zn, or Cd + Zn in their drinking water during gestation, and some markers of bone formation were studied in their fetuses removed at the 20th day of pregnancy (GD20). Cd exposure induced maternal hypozincemia and Zn depletion in the femur of the fetuses. A striking inhibition of bone formation in fetuses, expressed by decreases in femur length, width, and area, by the shortening of diaphysis, and by a decrease in length and area of distal and proximal proliferative zones, was obse...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 6, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Boughammoura S, Chemek M, Mimouna SB, Banni M, Messaoudi I Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Analysis of the Interactions Between Thioredoxin and 20 Selenoproteins in Chicken. Abstract
Thioredoxin (Trx) is a small molecular protein with complicated functions in a number of processes, including inflammation, apoptosis, embryogenesis, cardiovascular disease, and redox regulation. Some selenoproteins, such as glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), iodothyronine deiodinase (Dio), and thioredoxin reductase (TR), are involved in redox regulation. However, whether there are interactions between Trx and selenoproteins is still not known. In the present paper, we used a Modeller, Hex 8.0.0, and the KFC2 Server to predict the interactions between Trx and selenoproteins. We used the Modeller to predict the...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 2, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Liu Q, Yang J, Cai J, Luan Y, Sattar H, Liu M, Xu S, Zhang Z Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

Hair Zinc and Severity of Symptoms Are Increased in Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder: a Hair Multi-Element Profile Study.In this study, we have compared multi-element hair profiles between healthy and ADHD Thai children. In addition, the correlations between bioelements and ADHD symptoms according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, diagnostic criteria were identified. A case-control study was conducted in 111 Thai children (45 newly diagnosed ADHD and 66 matched healthy), aged 3-7 years, living in Bangkok and suburban areas. Levels of 39 bioelements in hair were measured by ICP-MS. Among the analyzed bioelements, Cu/Zn and P/Zn ratios in ADHD children were significantly lower than those in healthy chi...Source: Biological Trace Element Research - March 1, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Tippairote T, Temviriyanukul P, Benjapong W, Trachootham D Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research