What You Should Know Before Buying a CNC router?

What is CNC router?

A CNC router is a Computer Numerical Controlled routing equipment which is used for making high precise and complex 2D/3D shapes with routing tools on Wood, Foam, Stone, Metal, MDF, PVC, Plastic and other materials. CNC router is also called CNC carving machine, CNC engraving machine, CNC engraver.A CNC router is mainly composed of Control system, Spindles, servo motors or stepper motors, AC inverter frequency drives, linear guides, ball screws and a workspace table. CNC router sizes include 4' x 4', 4' x 8' and 5' x 10'.A CNC router machine needs at least 3 axis to complete the routing works, called X, Y and Z. The X-axis is horizontal, the Y axis vertical, and the Z-axis refers vertical to the other two axis. A computer “controller” reads G-code or machine language instructions and drives a tool. The CNC router spindle holds the tool and move along X, Y and Z axis, following the paths generated by the software. In a 3 axis CNC router, the tool is always vertical, and undercuts are not possible. In addition, some CNC router machines have an A, B and C axis representing a rotary axis around the main axis X, Y and Z, called 4th axis, these CNC router machines are mainly used for some cylinder carving and engraving works. A real 4 axis CNC router also have X, Y, Z axis which refer to the XYZA, XYZB, XYZC, 4 axis are linked, and the four axis can work at the same time. 5 axis CNC router has two additional axis which can move along. These additional axis allow for shorter project time due to their capability of carving five edges of the material simultaneously. The position of the router is determined by a computer telling the motors mounted on each axis how much to move in each direction. Using this method of positioning, any location within the machines work area (envelope) can be defined and the router can be moved within that space. As the machine is driven by a computer telling it where to move, the operator uses a software program to draw the shapes they want to cut and create the path that the machine will follow. So, what kind of CNC router should be chosen? which all depends on your work needs and budgets.