In 2016, investors initiated 62 known ISDS cases pursuant to IIAs. This number is lower than the 74 initiated in the preceding year, but higher than the 10-year average of 49 cases per year (2006-2015). As of 1 January 2017, the total number of publicly known ISDS claims had reached 767. So far, 109 countries have been respondents to one or more known ISDS claims.