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RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) is made from domestic waste which includes biodegradable material as well as plastics, and has a lower calorific value than SRF (Solid Recovered Fuel).
RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) is used in combined heat and power facilities, many of them in Europe where they produce electricity and hot water for communal heating systems in the local area.
Compared to landfilling, the lower carbon emissions resulting from RDF manufacture outweigh the emissions associated with transporting the reclaimed fuel.
The increasing importance of Waste to Energy/RDF
Waste to energy conversion is an increasingly recognised approach to resolving two issues:
waste management and
sustainable energy.
Waste represents an increasingly important fuel source. Using waste as fuel can have important environmental benefits. It can not only provide a safe and cost-effective way of waste disposal but can also help reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
https://the-mkgroup.com/portfolio/rdf-manufacture/

Renewable energy plants are expanding and developing at a significant rate in North America and throughout the world. In the United States, the Clean Air Act for reformulated gasoline (RFG) mandates a 2wt.% oxygen requirement, driving the demand for more production. Ethanol is the most viable additive because it is a clean-burning fuel produced from renewable, domestic biomass sources. However, the production of these fuels can result in unacceptable levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM) and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), all regulated by environmental agencies.

With the growth of population and rapid development of the city, more and more municipal waste are produced and seriously influence our live and environment. Municipal waste also know as MSW, domestic waste and household refuse. Municipal waste should be shredded before burying or burning to save more storage space or to lower the transport cost for collecting.
Harden has offered hundreds of excellent municipal waste shredding solutions for both individual or association project. Harden shreds any waste for a cleaner city and environment, please feel free to contact us for your customized shredding solution.
Municipal Waste Disposal Methods
Burying of municipal solid waste
Incineration of municipal solid waste
Pyrolysis and gasification of municipal solid waste
Sorting and recycling of municipal solid waste
Cooperative disposal of cement kiln
Municipal Waste Shredding Technology
Pre-shredding procedure
Sorting and RDF disposal system

Anaerobic digestion is a series of processes in which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen, used for industrial or domestic purposes to manage waste and/or to release energy. It is widely used as part of the process to treat wastewater, like Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors. As part of an integrated waste management system, anaerobic digestion reduces the emission of landfill gas into the atmosphere. Anaerobic digestion is widely used as a renewable energy source because the process produces a methane and carbon dioxide rich biogas suitable for energy production, helping to replace fossil fuels. The nutrient-rich digestate which is also produced can be used as fertilizer. The digestion process begins with bacterial hydrolysis of the input materials in order to break down insoluble organic polymers such as carbohydrates and make them available for other bacteria. Acidogenic bacteria then convert the sugars and amino acids into carbon dioxide, hydrogen, ammonia, and organic acids. Acetogenic bacteria then convert these resulting organic acids into acetic acid, along with additional ammonia, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide. Finally, methanogens convert these products to methane and carbon dioxide.

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