Pedra Furada Site in Brazil indicate humans were in South America 48-60 kya.

And there are more…………….

When we take a look at these sites and the dates they have yielded we find that it appears humans have been in the Americas since 250-200 kya. But this is far from being the generally accepted timeframe for when humans migrated into the Americas! That timeline says we migrated across the Bering Landbridge around 15 kya! However, the more archaeologists discover, the more it appears that “someone” was in the Americas before 15 kya and that “mystery population” is affectionately known as “POPULATION Y.” Additionally, the more we learn about Paleoindians the more apparent it becomes that they did NOT look like modern Native Americans and, in fact, were quite different. At the tip of South America we have a people known as the Fuegians who ironically have many features sen in Homo erectus and we find the same features in a people known as the Pericues who lived at the tip of Baja California. But, according to mainstream thinking H. erectus was long extinct before these timeframes. I suggest that hypothesis is WRONG and note that some researchers believe H. erectus could have existed up until 20-30 kya!! Continue Reading

In a recent post to his webpage Linguist Robert Lindsay makes two important observations (among others). In the final paragraph he notes how the Mozabite people in Algeria are Caucasoid but they are “some of the weirdest-looking Caucasoids I have ever seen. They don’t really look like any other race of humans..” He notes some look like people from India. He also notes that in papers about the genesis of the Caucasian race North Africa, the Middle East, and India are mentioned (frequently) as hubs for the development of this race 30-40 kya. He further notes that the Mozabite people are mentioned over and over when remains of ancient genetic groups are discussed along with the Uighur “for some odd reason.” I think this is because some researchers consider the Mozabites and Uighur to be some of the most ancient people on the planet.

This is subject matter for a future post I think but for now I want to focus on something else Lindsay said in this post. He notes, “There are also links between Orcadians (Scottish Islanders) and Siberians.” This is true and has been acknowledged by some researchers. Then Lindsay goes on to say this:

“Skulls from Europe from 21,000 YBP (years before present) look more like Amerindians than anything else. The closest match-up between those ancient European skulls is the Makah Amerindian tribe from Europe.”

Now the Makah are actually a Native American tribe currently dwelling in Washington State in the Pacific Northwest of the US. They are a federally recognized tribe. These people have hunted whales and seals for generations. So I’m not sure what Lindsay means by saying the Makah “tribe from Europe” because most anthropologist believe these people came via the Beringia Landbridge into North America and never were in Europe. However, skulls of SOME Europe from around 21 kya DO in fact resemble Amerindian skulls!

In 2007 there was a find and DNA analysis that undercut recent theories about Paleoamericans (the first people in the New World) having originally come from SE Asia or even Europe. That find was the “Cave Maiden.” These remains were of a teenage girl found in a Mexican cave who lived about 12 kya. The cave is the Outland Cave in the Yucatan. Her bones are believed to be one of the oldest and most complete skeletons ever found in the Americas. DNA analysis showed her ancestry was from a now vanished land between Siberia and Alaska. Continue Reading

A story in the media caught my eye today about the Huaorani people who live in the rainforest of eastern Ecuador. There are about 4000 people in this tribe of modern-day hunter-gatherers who live off the land and use blowpipes to kill monkeys which they then skin and roast over open fires for their own consumption. That’s interesting enough but what particularly caught my attention was a photo of these people feet! The article (see link below) says, “Their lifestyle has led to their feet evolving–most have flat feet, which help them to climb the trees” in search of their prey, the local monkeys. Ahhh…..NOT EXACTLY!

Apes have flat feet meaning they do not have the characteristic arch in the foot we find in most (but not all) modern humans (Homo sapiens). The Huarorani people also appear to have a divergent big toe much like that of apes and chimps! These traits, following mainstream evolutionary theory. are NOT traits of evolution BUT of DEVOLUTION!

When we think of evolution we tend to think of it as a progression forward but we need to also consider devolution, a progression BACKWARD! Such devolution could be the reason we find later H. erectus has a larger browridge than earlier H. erectus. It should be the other way around, that is, later H. erectus should have a smaller browridge than earlier H. erectus in accordance with evolution being a consistent progression forward. But that’s not the case! I believe that this phenomena is either one resulting from devolution or retrobreeding between later H. erectus and some more archaic hominid species which, essentially, would be devolution as well. In the case of the Huaronai people clearly their feet indicate a DEVOLUTION!

These people are magnificent hunters. They climb the trees going after the monkeys who live in them and use poison darts to kill them. But there is something else “mysterious” about these people and that is SOME of them have 6 toes and/or 6 fingers!! Another trait of devolution perhaps?

Not only do these people eat roasted monkey but they also kill peccary (Javelina) pigs and toucans as well as gather and eat a variety of plants and herbs gathered in the forest by their women folk. The Huaorani live near the river known as Rio Napo which flows into the Amazon. They are a forest people highly in touch with their environment and nature. Their primary weapons are poison blow darts and spears. The Huaorani people are also known as Waorani or the Quechua. Their language bears no resemblance to any other not even the Quechua language widely spoken in Ecuador.

Because there are only 4000 people in this tribe inbreeding is inevitable and may explain the 6 fingers and 6 toes but not the flat feet and divergent big toes. Gender roles are specific in this tribe with men being the hunters and warriors and the women expected to have and raise children, gathering plant foods, and a host of other homemaking responsibilities.

Basically, these people have devolved to tree-dwellers! I must ask if the ancestors of these people ever came down from the trees in accordance with standard evolutionary theory. If they did not then they did not evolve as the rest of humankind. If they did then clearly these people devolved at some point and may even still be devolving! Whatever the case they are an interesting people yet modernization is now threatening their lifestyle and existence as the search for oil is in full force in the region.

It is my hope that the Huaorani do not become yet another victim of modern human society! Meanwhile, anyone for some monkey brain pudding? Yum Yum……….

Back in December of 2010 author and Cryptozoologist Austin Whittall posted on his blog concerning genes from H. erectus being in modern humans. Whittall is one of the very few Cryptozoologists that I even pay attention to as I think most are charlatans, frankly. Whittall is fairly certain Homo erectus was in the Americas and that it may be a reasonable, plausible, and logical explanation for many “Patagonian cryptids” such as the Tiremen and Patagonian Giants that have been reported in the Patagonia region of Argentina. He also believes Homo erectus is the hairy men, ape men, reported for a long time in the deep forests near Taitao, Chile.

Whittal notes the research of Daniel Garrigan and his colleagues at the University of Arizona in Tucson. They studied a very specific region of the X chromosome called RRM2P4. They found that it has great variability among humans from different parts of the world. Modern humans have two sets of sex chromosomes known as X and Y. Men have XY while females have XX chromosomes. Garrigan and his team sampled 570 people including Africans, Europeans, Melanesians, Chinese, Japanese, and Central Asians and their findings were rather surprising to everyone! They determined that RRM2P4 in the X chromosome is clearly NOT AFRICAN!!

The team also concluded that there are many different forms of RRM2P4 and they all relate back to some unknown shared common ancestor dating back about 2 mya. This, ironically, is held to be about the time Homo erectus began to migrate out of Africa and into Asia! And the team also discovered that the oldest form of RRM2P4 is found NOT IN AFRICA but in ASIA! And it is STILL found in Asia today!!!

Some researchers believe Homo erectus may have been still alive 30 kya in Asia. This could have made it very possible for interbreeding to occur between Homo erectus and modern humans and, thus, pass on some of their (Erectus) genes to us! Continue Reading

The above are various reconstructions of Neanderthals (men, women, children). Notice they look very human. Notice they don’t look like apes as some artists portray them with excessive amounts of body hair and very large browridges. Any one of the reconstructions above if alive today could pass in modern society unnoticed and, in fact, I know people who look very much like some of the above reconstructions! Keeping this in mind let me get to my point……………..

Back in 2010 it was announced following the successful Neanderthal genome sequence that modern humans outside of Africa carry up to 4% Neanderthal in their genes today. Then in 2014 two studies announced that 20% of the Neanderthal genome lives on in modern humans! Now researchers want to find out just how much sex Neanderthals and Homo sapiens (modern humans) had and they plan on doing it from digging up dirt in caves where Neanderthals were known to once dwell since Neanderthal DNA is hard to come by. Others are wanting to test greater numbers of modern humans to see how much Neanderthal DNA they might have in them and hopefully that test population will be a significant number (as in a few thousand rather than in a few hundred). The basic assumption would be the more Neanderthal DNA some people have in them then that means the more sex Neanderthals and modern humans had together (interbreeding).

Here’s my thinking (as some of you already know). I don’t believe Neanderthals ever went extinct because I think they interbred with modern humans (Homo sapiens) to varying degrees in varying places. Instead of going extinct Neanderthals were absorbed into the modern human genome! They were replaced by H. sapiens/Neanderthal hybrids, in other words.

It would not surprise me in the least if some of the test subjects turned out to show more Neanderthal DNA than 4%! Much more in fact!! In fact I’d expect this to be so judging for the strong Neanderthal features I see in some modern humans today walking among us. I personally believe DNA testing a large number of modern people (especially those with obvious Neanderthal morphology) is the key to understanding just how much modern humans and Neanderthals interbred. And, frankly, I expect it was a lot! This mating produced hybrids and that is what we ALL are today, in my opinion. We didn’t evolve from anything! We are the products of interbreeding between different “breeds” of ancient human ancestors. WE are ALL HYBRIDS! Evolution has not been one of macro-evolution but of MICRO-evolution.

Latino singer Marco Antonio Salis, I see many Neanderthal features in him and he’s one of my favorite Latino singers btw.

Now a word about reconstructions……

Many artistic reconstructions of ancient human ancestors are constructed so they resemble offspring of apes (apelike) and that’s to support the THEORY that modern humans evolved from a shared common ancestor with apes long, long ago which may or may NOT be so. The reconstructions I’ve present in the above mosaic portrays Neanderthals as more human-like and less ape-like and, frankly, I think these reconstructions are likely more accurate than the ape-like ones presented by some artists. The same can be said of Homo erectus, Homo heidelbergenesis, Cro-magnon (archaic modern humans) and any other ancient human ancestor. We can slant our reconstructions to make them look more ape-like OR we can make them look more human-like and I think with most of our ancient human ancestors from H. erectus on they looked far more human-like than many want to admit! That is, unless, there was some back-breeding (retrobreeding) going on and there was. For example, I believe the reason we find later H. erectus more archaic than earlier H. erectus is due to retrobreeding. Like I said, we are all hybrids…mixtures of all of our ancient human ancestors or, to put it another way, mixtures of all the various human “breeds” that once roamed this planet Earth!

When we speak simply of evolution there are two basic types. The first is macro-evolution which is what most people are acquainted with. That is, the theory that man evolved from lower species to higher species such as in the case of H. erectus evolving into early modern man (Cro-magnon). But there is another evolutionary theory that speaks of micro-evolution.

Micro-evolution is a horizontal model of human evolution rather than a vertical one such as macro-evolution. An example of microevolution is dog breeding. We breed different breeds or species of dogs to get the qualities we want. Under this theory the same principle applies to human evolution.

Microevolution holds that there were different species (breeds) of ancient humans such as H. erectus, H. habilis, H. ergaster, etc. The idea is that modern humans, Homo sapiens, did not evolve from anything. Rather, the various species of humans interbred and the result was hybrid modern humans, US!

Microevolution explains much about human evolution and under this theory there are no “missing links” while macro-evolution has many such “missing links” (transitional species). There are no missing links (transitional forms) because we didn’t evolve from anything but, rather, we interbred with different species (breeds) of humans.

This is why we can look at modern humans, Homo sapiens, and see various traits from other species of humans such as Neanderthals and Homo erectus! Some of our ancient ancestors interbred more with one human species than others. For example, we see very distinct Neanderthal traits in some modern humans while in others we see no Neanderthal traits at all. The same with Homo erectus. In some modern humans we see clear erectine traits such as remnants of a sagittal crest atop the head and even perhaps a somewhat more pronounced browridge! We might also see in some humans with more prognathism in the face (meaning their lower face protrudes outward) such as we find in Homo habilis, “Handyman.”

This also explains some atavism we encounter in people including newborns such as a modern human child born with excessive body hair, prognathism, a tail, etc. All of these oddities, microevolution holds, are not the result of vertical evolution (macro-evolution) but are the result of various ancient human species (breeds) interbreeding with one another. Continue Reading

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