To investigate whether paramedic initiated analgesia differs according to factors such as the age, sex, ethnicity or type of pain of the adult patient and paramedic factors such as sex or role seniority.

Methods

Cross sectional design

Outcomes

We will use a multilevel design, using a regression model to investigate which factors are independently associated with pain assessment scoring, administration of analgesia and reduction in pain.

The findings will be used to inform recommendations to improve the rate and quality of acute pain relief provided by Paramedics to adult patients receiving emergency care from ambulance services and to reduce inappropriate and unintended variations in care.