Sign up to receive free email alerts when patent applications with chosen keywords are publishedSIGN UP

Abstract:

The present invention relates to an apparatus that senses the intensity
of sounds and the velocity of objects. Specifically, the present
invention relates to an apparatus that may prevent an audio signal from
reaching a user, make a warning noise, or otherwise alert the user when a
object is noisy and/or approaching the user at a threatening rate. More
specifically, the present invention takes data from the surrounding area
and compares it to one or more thresholds to determine an object's threat
level. The present invention relates to one or more speakers, and
includes, generally, one or more microphones to receive and measure the
intensity of surrounding noises and one or more range sensors to detect
distance, velocity, and acceleration.

Claims:

1. An apparatus for detecting environmental sound and object velocity
comprising: a main body portion with a first end and a second end; an
audio sensor disposed at a first end to detect noises in an environment;
a range sensor disposed at a second end to detect distance, velocity, and
acceleration of objects in an environment; a transducer capable of audio
transmission; a computing chip to perform calculations; and a headphone
input to connect to audio producing devices.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising an accelerometer that
measures the velocity and acceleration of a user.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the range sensor is an ultrasonic
range sensor.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the range sensor is an infrared range
sensor.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the transducer is a speaker in a
headphone.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the computing chip is a
microprocessor capable of performing digital signal processing.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the audio sensor is a microphone.

8. A system for detecting environmental sound and object velocity
comprising: a first apparatus comprising a first microphone, a first
range sensor, a first microprocessor, and a first speaker; a second
apparatus comprising a second microphone, a second range sensor, a second
microprocessor, and a second speaker; an insulated wire connecting the
first apparatus and second apparatus; and a headphone input to connect to
audio producing devices.

9. The system of claim 8 further comprising an accelerometer.

10. The system of claim 8 wherein the first apparatus is positioned in
one ear and the second apparatus is positioned in the other ear.

11. The system of claim 8 wherein the first range sensor and first
microphone gathers data from one direction and the second range sensor
and second microphone gathers data from another direction.

12. The system of claim 8 further comprising an audio producing device.

13. A method for detecting environmental sound and object velocity
comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus for detecting
environmental sound and object velocity; inserting the apparatus into an
audio producing device; attaching the apparatus to a user; measuring
audio around a user; and measuring objects' distances from a user.

15. The method of claim 13 further comprising the steps of: taking a
measurement of an object's distance; measuring the velocity of a user;
taking an additional measurement of the object's distance; determining
the object's velocity; and removing the user's velocity from the object's
velocity.

16. The method of claim 13 further comprising the steps of: providing a
threshold for sound levels; providing a threshold for velocity; comparing
measured sounds to the sound level threshold; comparing measured velocity
to the velocity threshold; and creating a stop signal when measured
values exceed the thresholds.

17. The method of claim 16 further comprising the steps of: providing a
switch to determine threshold levels; switching to low thresholds at
night; and switching to high thresholds during the day.

18. The method of claim 16 further comprising the steps of: providing a
stop signal when measured values exceed the thresholds; preventing audio
from the audio producing device from reaching the apparatus; providing a
go signal when measured values do not exceed the thresholds; and allowing
audio from the audio producing device to reach the apparatus.

19. The method of claim 16 further comprising the steps of: providing a
stop signal when measured values exceed the thresholds; pausing audio
from the audio producing device; sending an audible warning to the user;
providing a go signal when measured values do not exceed the thresholds;
disabling the audible warning; and playing audio from the audio producing
device.

20. The method of claim 16 further comprising the steps of: providing a
left ear stop signal when measured values from a user's left exceed the
thresholds; preventing audio from the audio producing device from
reaching the left ear of the user; providing a right ear stop signal when
measured values from a user's right exceed the thresholds; and preventing
audio from the audio producing device from reaching the right ear of the
user.

Description:

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus that senses the
intensity of sounds and the velocity of objects. Specifically, the
present invention relates to an apparatus that may prevent an audio
signal from reaching a user, make a warning noise, or otherwise alert the
user when a object is noisy and/or approaching the user at a threatening
rate. More specifically, the present invention takes data from the
surrounding area and compares it to one or more thresholds to determine
an object's threat level. The present invention relates to one or more
speakers, and includes, generally, one or more microphones to receive and
measure the intensity of surrounding noises and one or more range sensors
to detect distance, velocity, and acceleration.

BACKGROUND

[0002] It is, of course, generally known that some devices produce audio
waves for a user to hear, interpret, and understand. Audio waves may be a
tone, a person's voice, or music. In order to send audio waves from one
place to another they may be coded into electrical signals that can
travel through wires.

[0003] Commonly, microphones are used to convert sound pressure from audio
waves into voltages. Every sound is coded to a specific voltage magnitude
and frequency. These electrical signals may be passed through
electrically conductive wires made of copper, aluminum, or other
conductive material known to one having ordinary skill in the art.

[0004] It is generally known to one skilled in the art that electrical
signals may be alternating current (AC) signals or direct current (DC)
signals. Generally, sound signals are AC signals having both a magnitude
and a frequency. Loud sounds produce high voltage magnitudes and soft
sounds produce low voltage magnitudes. Similarly, high-pitched sounds
produce voltages with high frequencies and low-pitched sounds produce
voltages with low frequencies. Therefore, no information is lost when
converting an audible sound to a voltage signal.

[0005] Generally, transducers are used to convert electrical signals into
audio waves. Speakers are a common form of a transducer. Based on the
voltage magnitude and frequency, different sounds are produced. These
sounds can then be processed by the human auditory system.

[0006] Frequently, speakers can produce volumes that are too excessive.
Excessive volumes can cause repercussions directly by damaging ones
auditory system. Excessive volumes can also cause repercussions
indirectly by masking other sounds. This is generally known as noise
pollution. Headphones and headsets were created to allow an individual
control over his or her volume without disrupting the environment around
them.

[0007] Regularly, individuals use headphones to listen to audio devices or
use headsets to make telephone calls. Headphones and headsets involve,
generally, one or more speakers being inserted into or placed onto one's
ears. This allows for private enjoyment of music or conversations.

[0008] Often, when individuals use headphones or headsets, they plug or
block their ears from hearing anything besides the audio from within the
headphones or headsets. More often, people combine the use of speakers,
headphones, and headsets with their daily routines. In doing so, one of
an individual's five senses of perception is significantly hindered if
not removed completely.

[0009] It is generally known that an individual has five senses for
perception: hearing, sight, smell, taste, and touch. Each of these senses
work together in order to allow an individual to perceive the events
around them. By limiting or removing one sense, an individual's quality
of perception becomes substantially lower.

[0010] Commonly, many warning signs are loud audible signals. Sirens,
horns, bells, and whistles are all sounds that may be used to warn a
person of a hazard. Other hazards are themselves warnings such as
gunfire, explosions, and thunder. These warnings rely on an individual's
hearing to get their message known.

[0011] Often, certain locations are noisier than others. More often noise
changes by the hour. During the night, fewer things make noise and it is
easier to distinguish sounds. During the day, people go about their
lives, working, and making noise. This makes it harder to distinguish
sounds. Also, a certain sound level that would be interpreted as a threat
at night may be washed out by the noises and threats of the day.

[0012] Frequently, hazards produce little to no sound and rely on other
senses for awareness. Fast moving objects such as vehicles are one of
these hazards. For hazards without audible warnings, an individual must
use another sense of perception: sight. The sight sense, however, is
limited by an individual's range of vision. Without other warnings, an
individual is unaware of objects or hazards outside one's range of
vision.

[0013] Normally, an object that changes a distance in a short amount of
time has a high velocity. Commonly, high velocity objects are associated
with hazards or threats. An individual can detect changes in an object's
velocity visually. Upon observation of this data, an individual can
compare the object's velocity to what is considered a hazard or threat.
If an object is seen as a hazard or threat, the individual may then take
actions to avoid it.

[0014] Typically, infrared, ultrasonic, or another type of range sensor
known to one skilled in the art may be used to make similar measurements.
These sensors will produce data that can be interpreted much like an
individual's sense of vision. In order to process the data, a
microprocessor or another computing device known to one in the art is
required.

[0015] Usually, a microprocessor or another computing device known to one
in the art can perform calculations, much like the human brain. In most
advanced electronic equipment, a computing device is required to process
data and information. Microprocessors may perform most or all functions
relative to processing data and information. Microprocessors have
revolutionized technology allowing smaller devices to be manufactured.

[0016] Regularly, range sensors are used in a static position and can
return accurate values based on observations. Often, range sensors may be
used in moving objects. A sensor no longer observes accurate values when
the sensor is in motion. For example, by rotating a range sensor fast
enough, two different objects at two different distances can be observed
as the same object changing its distance. In certain situations, an
object can be observed to have a velocity larger than the speed of light,
which is impossible. The sensor's own motion must be eliminated from the
observation in order for an accurate value to be obtained. The movement
of the sensor may be observed in addition to the object the sensor is
observing.

[0017] Commonly, accelerometers are used to track an objects motion. An
accelerometer is able to measure proper accelerations, or accelerations
not produced by gravity. Examples of these are vibrations, shocks,
rotations, or other changes of weight per unit mass. An accelerometer may
be used to measure an objects movement. For example, movement of a
cellular device may be measured by an accelerometer and may be used to
wake the cellular device from its sleep mode.

[0018] Often, an individual may become distracted or preoccupied. This may
also cause one's level of perception to lower. It is generally known that
audio sounds such as music can distract an individual. When an individual
uses headphones or a headset to listen to audio sounds they become
distracted while additionally blocking all other sounds from entering
their auditory system.

[0019] Generally, when an audio signal is interrupted unexpectedly,
whether by removing that signal, replacing that signal with a warning
signal, or otherwise interrupting that signal, an individual's sense of
perception returns, if not heightens. An individual may notice this
unexpected circumstance and question the reasoning behind the event. This
may lead to an individual focusing on their sense of perception in order
to determine the cause of the interruption. Once the cause of the
interruption is determined or the threat that caused it has pass, the
audio signal should return uninterrupted.

[0020] Commonly, real world signal processing of sounds or objects returns
noisy signals. Noisy signals are defined as one signal that is made from
multiple signals occurring simultaneously. An example of this is
recording a sound sample from a busy intersection where multiple sounds
from multiple locations are being recorded as one signal. Specific
signals, such as a car horn, may become lost in the noise and require
filtering to be recovered. A further example of this is detecting
multiple objects with a range sensor. In order to focus on an individual
object, the "noise" must be removed.

[0021] Generally, analog and digital signal processing may be used to
distinguish or otherwise filter a single object from surrounding objects.
Digital signal processing (DSP) includes subfields like audio, sonar,
radar, ultrasonic, sensor array processing after these analog signals
have been converted to digital. An example includes recognizing the audio
signal of a car horn and removing it from all other signals. A further
example includes separating multiple moving objects from each other in
order to focus on an individual object.

[0022] A need, therefore, exists for an apparatus that allows one to
listen to their audio device.

[0023] Further, a need exists for an apparatus that may be worn and may
allow an individual to connect to an audio playing device such as a MP3
player, CD player, or other audio producing device.

[0024] Even further, a need exists for an apparatus that may be worn and
may allow an individual to connect to an audio producing device such as
speakers, headphones, or other audio producing device.

[0025] Also, a need exists for an apparatus that can otherwise perform the
operation of perception when an individual's senses are blocked, limited,
or otherwise hindered.

[0026] Therefore, a need exists for an apparatus that can interpret sound
signals when an individual's sense of sound is blocked, limited, or
otherwise hindered.

[0027] Specifically, a need exists for an apparatus that utilizes one or
more microphones in order to obtain signals from the environment around
an individual.

[0028] More specifically, a need exists for an apparatus that is capable
of distinguishing the amplitudes of signals.

[0029] Further, a need exists for an apparatus with multiple sensitivity
settings for use in day and night environments.

[0030] Moreover, a need exists for an apparatus that can interpret visual
signals when an individual's sense of sight is blocked, limited, or
otherwise hindered.

[0031] Specifically, a need exists for an apparatus that can detect motion
of objects outside an individual's range of vision.

[0032] More specifically, a need exists for an apparatus that utilizes one
or more range sensors in order to detect changes in the distance of
objects.

[0033] Particularly, a need exists for an apparatus that is capable of
digital signal processing in order to filter an individual signal from
multiple real world signals.

[0034] More particularly, a need exists for an apparatus that can
determine an object's velocity from those changes in distance.

[0035] In particular, a need exists for an apparatus that utilizes an
accelerometer in order to distinguish its own movement from that of
objects in the environment.

[0036] Further, a need exist for an apparatus that can perform logical
calculations from real world signals.

[0037] Even further, a need exists for an apparatus that can compare
calculated signals to pre-determined thresholds.

[0038] Specifically, a need exists for an apparatus that may obtain audio
and range signals from one or more sensors, calculate the amplitude of
these signals, calculate the distance of these signals, calculate the
velocity of these signals, calculate the acceleration of these signals,
compare calculated values to pre-determined thresholds, and warn a user
when these thresholds are breached.

[0039] More specifically, a need exists for an apparatus that may warn a
user by pausing or muting an audio signal, presenting a warning sound or
message, or otherwise alert a user to unforeseen threats.

[0040] Even more specifically, a need exists for an apparatus that may
return to normal functionality by un-pausing or un-muting an audio
signal, terminating a warning sound or message, or otherwise conclude an
alert when a threat has dissipated.

[0041] Finally, a need exists for an apparatus that may produce audio
sound from electrical audio signals, permit audio sound during normal
operation, detect audio levels in the environment, detect object motion
in the environment, distinguish a threat from observed data, terminate
audio sound upon detection of a threat, produce an audio warning, and
restart audio sound after threat has been accessed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0042] The present invention relates to an apparatus that senses the
intensity of sounds and the velocity of objects. Specifically, the
present invention relates to an apparatus that may prevent an audio
signal from reaching a user, make a warning noise, or otherwise alert the
user when a object is noisy and/or approaching the user at a threatening
rate. More specifically, the present invention takes data from the
surrounding area and compares it to one or more thresholds to determine
an object's threat level. The present invention relates to one or more
speakers, and includes, generally, one or more microphones to receive and
measure the intensity of surrounding noises and one or more range sensors
to detect distance, velocity, and acceleration.

[0043] To this end, in an embodiment of the present invention, an audio
awareness apparatus is provided. The audio awareness apparatus comprises
of a main body portion with a first end and a second end, at least one
audio sensor disposed at the first end, at least one range sensor
disposed at the second end, at least one transducer capable of audio
transmission, and at least one computing chip to perform calculations.

[0044] It is, therefore, an advantage of the present invention to provide
an apparatus that allows one to listen to their audio device.

[0045] Further, it is an advantage of the present invention to provide an
apparatus that may be worn and may allow an individual to connect to an
audio playing device such as a MP3 player, CD player, or other audio
producing device.

[0046] Even further, it is an advantage of the present invention to
provide an apparatus that may be worn and may allow an individual to
connect to an audio producing device such as speakers, headphones, or
other audio producing device.

[0047] Also, it is an advantage of the present invention to provide an
apparatus that can otherwise perform the operation of perception when an
individual's senses are blocked, limited, or otherwise hindered.

[0048] Therefore, it is an advantage of the present invention to provide
an apparatus that can interpret sound signals when an individual's sense
of sound is blocked, limited, or otherwise hindered.

[0049] Specifically, it is an advantage of the present invention to
provide an apparatus that utilizes one or more microphones in order to
obtain signals from the environment around an individual.

[0050] More specifically, it is an advantage of the present invention to
provide an apparatus that is capable of distinguishing the amplitudes of
signals.

[0051] Further, it is an advantage of the present invention to provide an
apparatus with multiple sensitivity settings for use in day and night
environments.

[0052] Moreover, it is an advantage of the present invention to provide an
apparatus that can interpret visual signals when an individual's sense of
sight is blocked, limited, or otherwise hindered.

[0053] Specifically, it is an advantage of the present invention to
provide an apparatus that can detect motion of objects outside an
individual's range of vision.

[0054] More specifically, it is an advantage of the present invention to
provide an apparatus that utilizes one or more range sensors in order to
detect changes in the distance of objects.

[0055] Particularly, it is an advantage of the present invention to
provide an apparatus that is capable of digital signal processing in
order to filter an individual signal from multiple real world signals.

[0056] More particularly, it is an advantage of the present invention to
provide an apparatus that can determine an object's velocity from those
changes in distance.

[0057] In particular, it is an advantage of the present invention to
provide an apparatus that utilizes an accelerometer in order to
distinguish its own movement from that of objects in the environment.

[0058] Further, it is an advantage of the present invention to provide an
apparatus that can perform logical calculations from real world signals.

[0059] Even further, it is an advantage of the present invention to
provide an apparatus that can compare calculated signals to
pre-determined thresholds.

[0060] Specifically, it is an advantage of the present invention to
provide an apparatus that may obtain audio and range signals from one or
more sensors, calculate the amplitude of these signals, calculate the
distance of these signals, calculate the velocity of these signals,
calculate the acceleration of these signals, compare calculated values to
pre-determined thresholds, and prevent an audio signal from reaching a
user when these thresholds are breached.

[0061] More specifically, it is an advantage of the present invention to
provide an apparatus that may prevent an audio signal from reaching a
user by pausing, muting, or otherwise terminating that signal.

[0062] Even more specifically, it is an advantage of the present invention
to provide an apparatus that is capable of resetting an audio signal by
un-pausing, un-muting, or otherwise permitting that signal.

[0063] Finally, it is an advantage of the present invention to provide an
apparatus that may produce audio sound from electrical audio signals,
permit audio sound during normal operation, detect audio levels in the
environment, detect object motion in the environment, distinguish a
threat from observed data, terminate audio sound upon detection of a
threat, and restart audio sound after threat has been accessed.

[0064] Additional features and advantages of the present invention are
described in, and will be apparent from, the detailed description of the
presently preferred embodiments and from the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] The drawing figures depict one or more implementations in accord
with the present embodiments, by way of example only, not by way of
limitations. In the figures, like reference numerals refer to the same or
similar elements.

[0066] FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an intermediate apparatus
with a range sensor and a microphone in an embodiment of the present
invention.

[0067] FIG. 2 illustrates perspective front view of a headphone apparatus
with range sensors and microphones on either side in an alternate
embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective back view of a headphone apparatus
with an additional range sensor and microphone on the back in an
alternate embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] FIG. 4 illustrates a side view of an earbud apparatus with a range
sensor and built in microphone in a preferred embodiment of the present
invention.

[0070] FIG. 5 illustrates a front view of an earbud apparatus with a range
sensor and built in microphone in a preferred embodiment of the present
invention.

[0071]FIG. 6 illustrates a flow chart of an embodiment of the internal
circuitry of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENTLY PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0072] The present invention relates to an apparatus that senses the
intensity of sounds and the velocity of objects. Specifically, the
present invention relates to an apparatus that may prevent an audio
signal from reaching a user, make a warning noise, or otherwise alert the
user when a object is noisy and/or approaching the user at a fast rate.
More specifically, the present invention takes data from the surrounding
area and compares it to one or more thresholds to determine an object's
threat level. The present invention relates to one or more speakers, and
includes, generally, one or more microphones to receive and measure the
intensity of surrounding noises and one or more distance sensors to
detect range, velocity, and acceleration.

[0073] Although the present invention is described in relation to allowing
and interrupting audio sound from an audio producing device, it should be
apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the components of the
present invention, as described in the embodiments presented herein, may
be useful for other purposes, such as in aiding the visually impaired.

[0074] Generally, an individual uses headphones, headsets, earbuds,
speakers, or other audio producing devices to listen to audio signals
from an audio device. An individual may plug a set of headphones,
headsets, earbuds, speakers, or other audio producing device directly
into an audio device via a 3.5 mm headphone jack. Any improvement to a
set of headphones, headsets, earbuds, speakers, or other audio producing
device must be either incorporated directly into the headphones,
headsets, earbuds, speakers, or other audio producing device, between the
headphones, headsets, earbuds, speakers, or other audio producing device
and the audio device, or into the audio device.

[0075] Now referring to the figures, wherein like numerals refer to like
parts, an embodiment of the present invention is provided in FIG. 1. An
apparatus 10 may comprise a casing 12, a belt clip 14, a range sensor 16,
a microphone 18, a computing chip 20, an accelerometer 22, a headphone
jack 26B, and a headphone input 24A. The casing 12 may contain circuitry
connecting the range sensor 16, microphone 18, computing chip 20,
accelerometer 22, an audio producing device 28, and an audio device 30.
The audio producing device 28 may be a set of headphones, a set of
earbuds, a headset, a set of speakers, or other audio producing device
known to one skilled in the art. The belt clip 14 may be used to attach
apparatus 10 to a user during use. The audio producing device 28 may
comprise a headphone input 26A. The audio producing device 28 may able to
be inserted into apparatus 10 by inserting headphone input 26A into
headphone jack 26B. Audio device 30 may comprise a headphone jack 24B.
Apparatus 10 may be inserted into audio device 30 by inserting headphone
input 24A into headphone jack 24B.

[0076] During normal operation, apparatus 10 may allow an audio signal to
travel from audio device 30, through apparatus 10, and into the audio
producing device 28. Range sensor 16 may be able to detect the distance
and/or velocity of objects around an individual. Microphone 18 may be
able to detect the sound level of objects around an individual.
Accelerometer 22 may be able to detect motion and/or velocity of
apparatus 10. Computing chip 20 may utilize data from range sensor 16,
microphone 18, and accelerometer 22 to determine an object's threat
level. Computing chip 20 may have a plurality of pre-programmed
thresholds that may determine an object's threat level. For example, a
sound level of 100 decibels may be a sound threshold for a threat.
Another example may be a velocity of 15 miles per hour. If an object's
threat level is larger than a programmed threshold, apparatus 10 may emit
a warning signal. The warning signal may be a sound, a message, an
interruption such as pausing or muting the audio device 30, or other
alert known to one skilled in the art. Apparatus 10 may comprise a
battery (not shown) or draw power from the audio device 30.

[0077] Microphone 18 may be able to detect sounds in an environment around
a user. Sounds are analog waves having both frequency and amplitude.
Microphone 18 may convert analog audio sounds to a voltage with relative
frequency and amplitude. As sound waves move through the microphone 18,
vibrations may create voltage between metal plates found in the
microphone 18. The volume level of a sound may be relative to the
amplitude of the sound wave. Therefore, circuitry such as an envelope
detector or another analog to digital conversion technique known to one
skilled in the art may be used to obtain the amplitude of a signal,
specifically. Once the amplitude of a signal is distinguished, the
information may be sent to the computing chip 20.

[0078] Range sensor 16 may be able to detect an object's distance in an
environment around a user. A pulse, beam, or alternative method known to
one skilled in the art may be used to determine an object's distance away
from a user. This information may be converted to a voltage level
relative to an object's distance. Multiple measurements may be taken
during a period of time. Taking multiple distance measurements over a
period of time may make it possible to determine an objects velocity or
acceleration. This information may be sent to the computing chip 20.

[0079] Accelerometer 22 may be able to detect a user's movement. Changes
in distance, height, and rotation of apparatus 10 may change relative to
a user. Accelerometer 22 may measure inclination, vibration, dynamic
distance and speed with or without the influence of gravity. This
information may be sent to computing chip 20.

[0080] Computing chip 20 may be able to combine data received from
microphone 18, range sensor 16, accelerometer 22, and any and all related
circuitry. Computing chip 20 may be able to perform calculations, digital
signal processing, voltage comparison, and other various computing
calculations known to one skilled in the art. Computing chip 20 may
specifically be able to determine an object's velocity relative to the
user from an object's change in distance. More specifically, computing
chip 20 may be able to remove a user's velocity measured by accelerometer
22, therefore determining an object's velocity relative to the ground.
Computing chip 20 may be programmed with sound level, velocity, and/or
acceleration thresholds to compare to data from microphone 18, range
sensor 16, and accelerometer 22. If any of the thresholds are breached,
computing chip 20 may send a warning to a user. The warning may be an
interruption of the audio signal from audio device 30 such as muting the
signal or pausing the signal, a message such as a sound or a programmed
voice, another method of alert known to one of ordinary skill in the art,
or any combination thereof The warning may be sent to audio producing
device 28 to alert a user.

[0081] Now referring to FIG. 2, a headphone apparatus is shown and
described in an alternate embodiment of the present invention. Headphone
apparatus 50 may comprise a headband 60, a left ear portion 58, a right
ear portion 68, and an insulated wire 70. Left ear portion 58 may be
connected to headband 60 at one end. Right ear portion 68 may be
connected to headband 60 at an opposite end. Left ear portion 58 and
right ear 68 may be cylindrical in shape, but may be of any shape known
to one skilled in the art. Headband 60 may be arcuate and may span the
length between left ear portion 58 and right ear portion 68. Left ear
portion 58 may comprise a left-ear speaker 52, a left-side range sensor
54, and a left-side microphone 56. Left-ear speaker 52 may be able to
convert voltage signals from insulated wire 70 to audible sound.
Left-side range sensor 54 may be used to measure the distance of objects
to the left of a user. Left-side microphone 56 may be used to detect
noises to the left of a user.

[0082] Still referring to FIG. 2, right ear portion 68 may comprise a
right-ear speaker 62, a right-side range sensor 64, and a right-side
microphone 66. Right-ear speaker 62 may be able to convert voltage
signals from insulated wire 70 to audible sound. Right-side range sensor
64 may be used to measure the distance of objects to the right of a user.
Right-side microphone 66 may be used to detect noise to the right of a
user.

[0083] Headphone apparatus 50 may be worn on a user's head, headband 60
may fit around the top of a user's head, and headphone apparatus 50 may
plug directly into an audio device such as an MP3 or CD player. Left-ear
speaker 52 and right-ear speaker 62 may be positioned on left ear and
right ear respectively in order for proper audio transmission.

[0084] Headphone apparatus 50 may comprise a computing chip (not shown) to
interpret data from left-side range sensor 54, left-side microphone 56,
right-side range sensor 64, and right-side range sensor 66. Headphone
apparatus 50 may also comprise an accelerometer (not shown). The
accelerometer (not shown) may be able to detect the movement of a user's
head and may send that information to the computing chip (not shown). The
computing chip (not shown) may be programmed with sound level, velocity,
and/or acceleration thresholds, as previously described in FIG. 1, to
compare to data from left-side range sensor 54, left-side microphone 56,
right-side range sensor 64, right-side range sensor 66, and accelerometer
(not shown). If any of the thresholds are breached, the computing chip
(not shown) may send a warning to a user. The warning sent from the
computing chip (not shown) may be an interruption of the audio signal
produced from left-ear speaker 52 and right-ear speaker 62, such as
muting the audio signal or pausing the audio signal, a message like a
sound or a programmed voice produced from left-ear speaker 52 and
right-ear speaker 62, another alerting method known to one of ordinary
skill in the art, or any combination thereof. After a time, or when a
threat has moved on, the warning or alert may be removed and normal
operation may continue.

[0085] As shown in FIG. 3, a headphone apparatus is shown and described in
an alternate embodiment of the present invention. Headphone apparatus 50
may further comprise a back-band 72, a back range sensor 74, and a back
microphone 76. Back-band 72 may be arcuate in shape and span the length
between left ear portion 58 and right ear portion 68. Headphone apparatus
50 may be worn on a user's head and back-band 72 may fit around the back
of a user's head. Back range sensor 74 may be disposed on the middle of
back-band 72 and may be used to measure the distance of objects behind a
user. Back microphone 76 may be disposed on the middle of back-band 72
and may be used to detect noise behind a user.

[0086] Incorporating a left-side range sensor 54 and a left-side
microphone 56, a right-side range sensor 64 and a right-side range sensor
66, and a back range sensor 74 and a back microphone 76 may allow
headphone apparatus 50 to detect all objects and sounds outside of a
user's range of vision. A computing chip (not shown) may be programmed
with sound level, velocity, and/or acceleration thresholds, as previously
described in FIG. 1, to compare to data from left-side range sensor 54,
left-side microphone 56, right-side range sensor 64, right-side range
sensor 66, back range sensor 74, back microphone 76, and accelerometer
(not shown). If any of the thresholds are breached, the computing chip
(not shown) may send a warning to a user. The warning sent from the
computing chip (not shown) may be an interruption of the audio signal
produced from left-ear speaker 52 and right-ear speaker 62 such as muting
the audio signal or pausing the audio signal, a message such as a sound
or a programmed voice produced from left-ear speaker 52 and right-ear
speaker 62, another method of alert known to one of ordinary skill in the
art, or any combination thereof

[0087] Referring now to FIG. 4 in a preferred embodiment of the present
invention, an earbud apparatus 90 is shown and described. Earbud
apparatus 90 may be a set of headphones, a headset, or other audio
producing device known to one skilled in the art. Earbud apparatus 90 may
comprise an earpiece 92 and a built-in microphone 94. Earbud apparatus 90
may be used as a headset placed in one ear as shown in FIG. 4, however
may connect to a second earpiece (not shown) and may be used as a set of
headphones. Built-in microphone 94 may be disposed around an insulated
wire 95 at a length away from earpiece 92. Insulated wire 95 may be able
to transport voltage signals from one end to another. Built-in microphone
94 may be used as a conversational tool for communication, however while
not in use in conversations, built-in microphone 94 may be used to detect
sounds in an environment around a user.

[0088] Earpiece 92 may comprise an ear-insert 96, a range sensor 98, a
computing chip 100, and an accelerometer 102. Earpiece 92 may be small
enough to fit inside a user's ear and large enough to enclose computing
chip 100, accelerometer 102, and any and all circuitry related to those
devices. Ear-insert 96 may be used to fit apparatus 90 inside of a user's
ear so that audio transmission of an audio signal is private and clear.
Accelerometer 102 may be disposed on top of computing chip 100 to save
space inside earpiece 92. There may be a distance between accelerometer
102 and computing chip 100 so that computing chip 100 and accelerometer
102 may not overheat. Earpiece 92 may comprise one of more ventilation
holes 104. Ventilation holes 104 may allow computing chip 100,
accelerometer 102, or other alternative circuitry to cool down to prevent
overheating. Range sensor 98 may extend outwardly away from earpiece 92
and may be able to detect objects in the vicinity of range sensor 98.
Range sensor 98 may be disposed at one end of earpiece 92 so that a
user's ear does not interfere with range sensor 98.

[0089] Computing chip 100 may be programmed with sound level, velocity,
and/or acceleration thresholds, as described in relation the previous
figures, to compare to data from range sensor 98, built-in microphone 94,
and accelerometer 102. If any of the thresholds are breached, computing
chip 100 may send a warning to a user. The warning sent from computing
chip 100 may be an interruption of the audio signal produced by a speaker
(not shown) disposed within ear-insert 96 such as muting the audio signal
or pausing the audio signal, producing a message such as a sound or a
programmed voice by the speaker (not shown), using another method of
alert known to one of ordinary skill in the art, or any combination
thereof.

[0090] As shown in FIG. 5, an alternate side view of the preferred
embodiment of the present invention is shown and described. Ear-insert 96
may comprise a speaker 106 that may convert voltage signals into audible
sound. Computing chip 100 may be centered within earpiece 92 so that
circuitry (resisters, capacitors, wires, etc) connecting computing chip
100 to accelerometer 102, built-in microphone 94, range sensor 98, and
speaker 106 may be minimized. Earbud apparatus 90 may further comprise a
sensitivity switch 108. Sensitivity switch 108 may be able to change the
programmed thresholds to a higher or lower setting depending on the
environment around a user. A high threshold may be set for daytime usage
with loud sounds and rapid objects occurring frequently. A low threshold
may be set for nighttime usage where loud sounds and rapid objects occur
less often, however may still be threatening.

[0091] Having accelerometer 102 and range sensor 98 incorporated on either
ear as shown in FIGS. 4-5 may allow a warning to be sent to a single ear
or to both ears. Sending a warning to a single ear may not only alert a
user of a threat, but may also aid in locating the threat directionally.
Sending an alert to the left ear may suggest a threat may be to the left
of a user, sending an alert to the right ear may suggest a threat may be
to the right of a user, and sending an alert to both ears may suggest a
threat may be behind a user.

[0092] Referring now to FIG. 6, in an embodiment of the present invention,
a flow-chart of the internal circuitry is shown and described. A power
circuit 110 may be used to provide power in the form of voltage and
current to the electrical components of the present invention. The
electrical components may include a plurality of microphone circuits
112A, 112B, 112C, a plurality of ultrasonic circuits 114A, 114B, 114C, a
plurality of microprocessors 116A, 116B, 116C, and a plurality of
accelerometers 118A, 118B, 118C. The microphone circuits 112A, 112B, 112C
may be able to detect sound waves, convert the sound waves to an
electrical voltage signal, amplify that signal, and produce the magnitude
of the sound wave. The magnitude of the sound wave may be sent from
microphone circuit 112A to microprocessor 116A, from microphone circuit
112B to microprocessor 116B, and from microphone circuit 112C to
microprocessor 116C. The ultrasonic circuits 114A, 114B, 114C may be able
to detect the distance of objects within range of the ultrasonic sensors
(not shown). The ultrasonic circuits 114A, 114B, 114C may instead be
another range sensor circuit known to one skilled in the art capable of
detecting the distance of objects. A voltage signal relative to an
objects distance may be sent from the ultrasonic circuits 114A, 114B,
114C to the microprocessors 116A, 116B, 116C respectively. Accelerometers
118A, 118B, 118C may be used to measure the movement of a user. A voltage
signal relative to a user's movement may be sent from the accelerometers
118A, 118B, 118C to the microprocessors 116A, 116B, 116C.

[0093] Microprocessor 116A may process the voltage signals sent from the
microphone circuit 112A, the ultrasonic circuit 114A, and the
accelerometer 118A. Microprocessor 116A may be programmed with
sensitivity thresholds for daytime and nighttime usage. Sound waves with
high volumes may breach the programmed threshold and trigger a
termination signal. Objects with high velocities, or large changes in
distance in a short amount of time, may independently breach the
programmed threshold and trigger the termination signal. The termination
signal may be a logical `1` but may be any other signal known to one
skilled in the art. The daytime threshold may be set so that louder
common noises that occur during the day do not breach the threshold,
while the nighttime threshold may be set so that lower suspicious noises
that occur during the night may breach the threshold. A daytime
termination signal 120A and a nighttime termination signal 122A may be
sent to a multiplexer 124.

[0094] Microprocessor 116B may process the voltage signals sent from the
microphone circuit 112B, the ultrasonic circuit 114B, and the
accelerometer 118B. Microprocessor 116B may be programmed with
sensitivity thresholds for daytime and nighttime usage. Sound waves with
high volumes may breach the programmed threshold and trigger a
termination signal. Objects with high velocities, or large changes in
distance in a short amount of time, may independently breach the
programmed threshold and trigger the termination signal. The termination
signal may be a logical `1` but may be any other signal known to one
skilled in the art. The daytime threshold may be set so that louder
common noises that occur during the day do not breach the threshold,
while the nighttime threshold may be set so that lower suspicious noises
that occur during the night may breach the threshold. A daytime
termination signal 120B and a nighttime termination signal 122B may be
sent to a multiplexer 124.

[0095] Microprocessor 116C may process the voltage signals sent from the
microphone circuit 112C, the ultrasonic circuit 114C, and the
accelerometer 118C. Microprocessor 116C may be programmed with
sensitivity thresholds for daytime and nighttime usage. Sound waves with
high volumes may breach the programmed threshold and trigger a
termination signal. Objects with high velocities, or large changes in
distance in a short amount of time, may independently breach the
programmed threshold and trigger the termination signal. The termination
signal may be a logical `1` but may be any other signal known to one
skilled in the art. The daytime threshold may be set so that louder
common noises that occur during the day do not breach the threshold,
while the nighttime threshold may be set so that lower suspicious noises
that occur during the night may breach the threshold. A daytime
termination signal 120C and a nighttime termination signal 122C may be
sent to a multiplexer 124.

[0096] A sensitivity switch 126 may physically select between daytime
termination signals 120A, 120B, 120C and nighttime termination signals
122A, 122B, 122C by used of a physical switch. The sensitivity switch 126
may also electronically select between daytime termination signals 120A,
120B, 120C and nighttime termination signal 122A, 122B, 122C by sending
voltage signals to the selector bits of multiplexer 124. Sensitivity
switch 126 may be a binary switch, selecting between a logical `1` and a
logical `0` relative to daytime setting and nighttime setting,
respectively. When sensitivity switch 126 is a logical `1`, daytime
termination signals 120A, 120B, 120C may be selected by the multiplexor
124 simultaneously. When sensitivity switch 126 is a logical `0`,
nighttime termination signals 122A, 122B, 122C may be selected
simultaneously. Multiplexer 124 may output a plurality of decisive
signals 123A, 123B, 123C, into a NOR gate 125. Decisive signals 123A,
123B, 123C may be a logical `1` if a threat was detected or a logical `0`
if a threat was not detected. NOR gate 125 may output an end signal 127
that may be a logical `0` if any of the NOR gate 125 inputs are a logical
`1.` Therefore, if a decisive signal 123A, 123B, or 123C is a logical `1`
(a threat was detected) then end signal 127 may be a logical `0`
(terminate audio signal). If a decisive signal 123A, 123B, or 123C is a
logical `0` (a threat was not detected) then end signal 127 may be a
logical `1` (allow audio signal). End signal 127 may be split and sent to
a left-ear relay 128 and a right-ear relay 130. During normal operation
(end signal 127 may be a logical `1`), left-ear relay 128 may allow an
audio signal to go to the left ear and right-ear relay 130 may allow an
audio signal to go to the right ear. When a threat has been established
(end signal 127 is a logical `0`), left-ear relay 128 may prevent the
audio signal from going to the left ear and right-ear relay 130 may
prevent the audio signal from going to the right ear, effectively muting
the audio signal.

[0097] Other logic may be utilized in order to mute, pause, or otherwise
terminate an audio signal from reaching one or both ears. For example, an
inverted decisive signal 123A may lead directly into left-ear relay 128.
Therefore, if a threat is detected to the user's left (decisive signal
123A may be a logical `1` and therefore an inverted decisive signal 123A
may be a logical `0`) left-ear relay 128 may prevent an audio signal from
going to the left ear. This may allow a user to directionally locate an
established threat to the left of a user. An inverted decisive signal
123C may lead directly into right-ear relay 130. Therefore, if a threat
is detected to the user's right (decisive signal 123C may be a logical
`1` and therefore an inverted decisive signal 123C may be a logical `0`)
right-ear relay 130 may prevent an audio signal from going to the right
ear. This may allow a user to directionally locate an established threat
to the right of a user. An inverted decisive signal 123B may lead
directly into both left-ear relay 128 and right-ear relay 130. Therefore,
if a threat is detected behind the user (decisive signal 123B may be a
logical `1` and therefore an inverted decisive signal 123B may be a
logical `0`) left-ear relay 128 and right-ear relay 130 may prevent an
audio signal from going to the left ear and right ear respectively. This
may allow a user to directionally locate an established threat behind of
a user. Any of this logic, any combination thereof, or alternative logic
known to one skilled in the art may be used interchangeably without
departing from the sprit and scope of the present invention.

[0098] A particular description in a particular embodiment, while
definitive, should not limit the present invention to that particular
embodiment. It should be noted that various changes and modifications to
the presently preferred embodiments described herein will be apparent to
those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications may be made
without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and
without diminishing its attendant advantages.