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Effect of Stress on the Densification of a Low-Temperature Cofired Ceramic (LTCC) System under Constrained Sintering

Keywords: LTCC, Constrained sintering, stress

The effect of uniaxial stress on the mechanical response and densification behavior of a low-fire borosilicate glass (BSG)+alumina system during constrained sintering of a multilayer BSG+alumina/alumina laminate has been investigated. Compared with free sintering, the pressure-less constrained sintering of BSG+alumina exhibits poorer densification, and larger porous bulk viscosity at a given temperature. This is caused by the in-plane tensile stress and anisotropic development generated in the transverse directions of the laminate during constrained sintering. The applied uniaxial stress required in the thickness direction to densify BSG+alumina under constrained sintering varies in the range of 50-400 kPa at 700-800oC. The above results are in agreement with those calculated using the viscous analogy for the constitutive relationships of a porous sintering compact.