A. Most people who spend a holiday travelling take a camera with them and photograph anything that interests them – sights of a city, views of mountains, lakes, waterfalls, men and women, children, ruins of ancient buildings, and even birds and animals. Later looking through their albums they will remember the happy time they have had, the islands, countries and cities they have seen.

B. Of course, different people dream of different things. Someone wishes a calm and quiet life; others imagine their life as a never-ending adventure. The majority dream of something concrete: a villa in some warm place, an account in a Swiss bank, a splendid car… It’s interesting to know what the dreams of people who already have all this are. Celebrities, as we know, never hide their unusual hobbies, and often shock us with their extravagant behaviour.

C. It is Junior Baseball Magazine’s mission to provide information that enhances the youth baseball experience for the entire family. The player improves his skills and is more successful. The family enjoys the activity more and shares this precious time in their life. Junior Baseball emphasizes good sportsmanship, safety, physical fitness and wholesome family values.

D. The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison like industrial, nuclear and chemical waste. The Mediterranean Sea is already nearly dead; the North Sea is following it. The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in the seas. Every ten minutes one species of animal, plant or insect dies out forever.

E. Lots of people all over the world enjoy collecting stamps. Stamps are like little pictures. Very often they show the flowers or the trees which grow in this or that country, or they can show different kinds of transport of the country. Stamps may also have portraits of famous people on them. Some stamps show art work from the history of the country.

F. “Friend” is the title of my favourite magazine. It consists of 70 pages, with lots of colourful and bright pictures and provides interesting and useful information for people who love animals. The magazine includes numerous articles devoted to various topics connected with domestic animals, ways to take care of them, pet food, animal health and many other topics crucial for any animal lover.

G. People are beginning to realize that environmental problems are not just somebody else’s. Many people join and support various international organizations and green parties. Human life is the most important, and polluted air, poisoned water, wastelands, noise, smoke, gas, exhaust all influence not only nature but people themselves. Everything should be done to improve ecological conditions on our planet.

On New Year’s Day, 1985, Michael Harrison phoned his father, Sir Ernest, to wish him a happy new year. Sir Ernest was chairman of Racal Electronics, the owner of Vodafone, A ___ .

At the time, mobile phones weighed almost a kilogram, cost several thousand pounds and provided only 20 minutes talktime. The networks themselves were small; Vodafone had just a dozen masts covering London. Nobody had any idea of the huge potential of wireless communication and the dramatic impact В ___ .

Hardly anyone believed there would come a day when mobile phones were so popular C ____. But in 1999 one mobile phone was sold in the UK every four seconds, and by 2004 there were more mobile phones in the UK than people. The boom was a result of increased competition which pushed prices lower and created innovations in the way that mobiles were sold.

When the government introduced more competition, companies started cutting prices to attract more customers. Cellnet, for example, changed its prices, D ____. It also introduced local call tariffs.

The way that handsets themselves were marketed was also changing and it was Finland’s Nokia who made E _____. In the late 1990s Nokia realized that the mobile phone was a fashion item: so it offered interchangeable covers which allowed you to customize and personalize your handset.

The mobile phone industry has spent the later part of the past decade reducing its monthly charge F _____, which has culminated in the fight between the iPhone and a succession of touch screen rivals.

Llandudno is truly a fine and handsome place, built on a generously proportioned bay and lined along its broad front with a huddle of prim but gracious nineteenth-century hotels that reminded me in the fading light of a lineup of Victorian nannies. Llandudno was purpose-built as a resort in the mid-1800s, and it cultivates a nice old-fashioned air. I don’t suppose that Lewis Carroll, who famously strolled this front with little Alice Liddell in the 1860s, would notice a great deal of change today.

To my consternation, the town was packed with weekending pensioners. Buses from all over were parked along the side streets, every hotel I called at was full, and in every dining room I could see crowds – veritable oceans – of nodding white heads spooning soup and conversing happily. Goodness knows what had brought them to the Welsh seaside at this bleak time of year.

Farther on along the front there stood a clutch of guesthouses, large and virtually indistinguishable, and a few of them had vacancy signs in their windows. I had eight or ten to choose from, which always puts me in a mild fret because I have an unerring instinct for choosing badly. My wife can survey a row of guesthouses and instantly identify the one run by a white-haired widow with a fondness for children, and sparkling bathroom facilities, whereas I can generally count on choosing the one run by a guy with a grasping manner, and the sort of cough that makes you wonder where he puts the phlegm. Such, I felt, would be the case tonight.

All the guesthouses had boards out front listing their many amenities – COLOUR TV, HOSPITALITY TRAYS, FULL CENTRAL HEATING, and the coyly euphemistic EN SUITE ALL ROOMS, meaning private bathrooms. One place offered satellite TV and a trouser press, and another boasted CURRENT FIRE CERTIFICATE – something I had never thought to look for in a B&B. All this heightened my sense of unease and doom. How could I possibly choose intelligently among such a variety of options?

I selected a place that looked reasonable enough from the outside – its board promised a color TV and coffee making facilities, about all I require these days for a Saturday night – but from the moment I set foot in the door I knew it was a bad choice. I was about to turn and flee when the owner emerged from a back room and stopped my retreat with an unenthusiastic “Yes?” A short conversation revealed that a single room with breakfast was for £19.50. It was entirely out of the question that I would stay the night in such a dismal place at such an exorbitant price, so I said, “That sounds fine,” and signed in. Well, it’s so hard to say no.

My room was everything I expected it to be – cold and cheerless with laminated furniture, grubbily matted carpet, and those mysterious ceiling stains that bring to mind a neglected corpse in the room above. There was a tray of coffee things but the cups were disgusting, and the spoon was stuck to the tray. The bathroom, faintly illuminated by a distant light activated by a length of string, had curling floor tiles and years of accumulated dirt packed into every corner. I peered at the yellowy tile around the bath and sink and realized what the landlord did with his phlegm. A bath was out of the question, so I threw some cold water on my face, dried it with a towel that had the texture of shredded wheat, and gladly took my leave.

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Llandudno is described as a

1. fashionable 19th century resort.

2. beautiful growing resort.

3. place where Lewis Carroll lived.

4. place famous for its comfortable hotels..

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The phrase “veritable oceans” in paragraph 2 refers to

1. hotel dining rooms.

2. hotel guests wearing white hats.

3. old people dining in cafes.

4. buses crowded with old Welsh people.

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When choosing a guesthouse the narrator was worried because he

1. wasn’t good at making the right choice.

2. could not find a place run by a kind old widow.

3. did not know what to look for.

4. missed his wife for help.

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The narrator thought that the choice of a guesthouse used to be easier because

IOnce I was travelling in Italy. It was a lovely day. I wandered along the street until I came upon some parasol-shaded tables which seemed to _____ very nice. I settled and opened my book.

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ComeIt was taking a long time for the waiter to arrive, but I was in no hurry. I was sure that the waiter __________________ soon.

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BadBut finally, becoming impatient, I turned to signal for service and saw the neon sign. That was the __________________ moment ... I discovered that I was sitting outside a store selling garden furniture.

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GreatThe Great Wall of China runs for 6,700 kilometers from east to west of China. It is one of the _____ wonders of the world.

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BuildThe Great Wall ___ in order to protect the country from different aggressors.

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BeginThe construction of the Wall ___ in the 6 century ВС and lasted until the 16th century AD.

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BecomeSince then, the Great Wall of China ___ a Symbol of wisdom and bravery of the Chinese people and a monument to Chinese nation for many hundreds of years.

PopulateGoing for a walk is the most popular leisure activity in Britain. Despite its high ___ density and widespread, the UK has many unspoilt rural and coastal areas.

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NatureTwelve National Parks are freely accessible to the public and were created to conserve the ___ beauty, wildlife and cultural heritage they contain.

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VisitMost of the land in National Parks is privately owned, but administered by an independent National Park Authority which works to balance the expectations of ___ with the need to conserve these open spaces for future generations.

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SeriousThe UK also works to improve the global environment and has taken global warming ___ ever since scientists discovered the hole in the ozone layer.

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ProtectIn 1997, the UK subscribed to the Kyoto Protocol binding developed countries to reduce emissions of the six main greenhouse gases. The Protocol declares environmental ___ .

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ScienceNowadays British ___ are taking part in one of the largest international projects that is undertaken to protect endangered species.

It wasn’t unusual for Amos to go to Deravenels on Saturday, even though the offices were closed over the weekend. He 32 ______ to go to tidy up his paperwork and do other small jobs he couldn’t attend to during the week.

But on this Saturday morning he had a specific purpose when he arrived at the grand old building on the Strand. The uniformed doorman 33 ______ Amos close his umbrella and take off his raincoat. Then he touched his cap and said, “Good morning, Mr. Finnister”.

Amos had come to the office to 34 ______ a few telephone calls. His first call was to the Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, where he quickly discovered the records office was not open on weekends. He then dialed Ravenscar and was put through to Edward Deravenel.

“Good morning, Amos,” Edward said. “I’m assuming you have some news for me.” Amos then relayed all the information he had gathered the night before.

“Well done, Amos!” Edward exclaimed. “Thank you for going into all this 35 ______ . I knew I could depend 36 ______ you. My wife will be happy as I am to know everything; it’s been such a mystery all these years. To 37 ______ the truth, I think that Grace Rose should also know what happened to her mother. It will finally put her mind at rest.”

“I agree, sir. I will telephone you on Monday”. Amos walked home, 38 ______ no attention to the heavy rain. He felt happy.

... In Great Britain most young people want to become independent from their parents as soon as possible. Could you tell me what you and your friends think about not relying on your parents? Are you ready to leave your family immediately after you finish school? Is it easy to rent a house or an apartment for students in Russia?As for the latest news, I have just returned from a trip to Scotland...

Write a letter to TedIn your letter:— answer his questions;— ask 3 questions about his trip to Scotland.

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Ответ

40

40.1. Some people think that life-long friendship exists only in books and films40.2. Some people think that extreme sports help to build character

Раздел 5. Говорение

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

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Genetically modified foods are foods derived from genetically modified organisms, such as genetically modified crops or genetically modified fish. GM crops are developed by changing a plant's genetic structure in order to help the plant resist against diseases caused by insects or viruses or to produce larger crops. Scientists first discovered that DNA can transfer between organisms in 1946. The first genetically modified plant was produced in 1983.

There are controversies around GM food. There is no scientific conclusion so far to prove its safety for human consumption. Producers of genetically modified food say that it has a number of advantages in terms of price, durability and nutritional value. They claim that there is no risk to human health. There are also some supporters that see GM crops as providing benefits to the environment through a reduction in the use of pesticides.

The European Union, Australia, China and other countries require GMO labeling. Such labeling is not required in the United States and in Russia, although possible side effects connected with the use of GM products have not been studied.

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42

Study the advertisement.

You are considering visiting the city and now you are calling to find out more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:

dates for departures

hotel facilities

if breakfast is included

number of city tours

discounts

You have 20 seconds to ask each questions.

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43

Imaging that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend.

You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. In your talk remember to speak about:

when you took the photo

what/who is in the photo

what is happening

why you took the photo

why you decided to show the picture to your friend

You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...” .

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44

Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:

give a brief description of the photos (action, location)

say what the pictures have in common

say in what way the pictures are different

say which of the concerts presented in the pictures you’d prefer

explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously.