..It is concluded that estrogen has an important role in stimulating trophoblast VEG/PF expression and consequently villous placental angiogenesis to promote fetal growth and development in early primate pregnancy...

Suppression of extravillous trophoblast invasion of uterine spiral arteries by estrogen during early baboon pregnancy

E D AlbrechtDepartment of Obstetrics, Center for Studies in Reproduction, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USAPlacenta 27:483-90. 2006

..We propose that the estrogen-dependent differential regulation of these angioregulatory factors underpins the unique pattern of neovascularization established within the villous placenta during primate pregnancy...

Effect of estrogen on angiogenesis in co-cultures of human endometrial cells and microvascular endothelial cells

..The presence of the estrogen receptor provides a mechanism for mediating the action of estrogen in modulating ACTH-dependent and cortical zone-specific development and function of the primate fetal adrenal gland...

Estrogen promotes germ cell and seminiferous tubule development in the baboon fetal testis

Eugene D AlbrechtDepartment of Obstetrics, Center for Studies in Reproduction, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USABiol Reprod 81:406-14. 2009

..We conclude that endogenous estrogen promotes fetal testis development and that the changes in the germ cell population in the estrogen-deprived baboon fetus may impair spermatogenesis and fertility in adulthood...

Estrogen elicits cortical zone-specific effects on development of the primate fetal adrenal gland

..This review will describe the developmental processes required for placental vascularization and fetal follicular maturation and recent studies which show that estrogen has an important role in regulating these events...

Steroid hormone regulation of angiogenesis in the primate endometrium

Eugene D AlbrechtDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, The Center for Studies in Reproduction, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USAFront Biosci 8:d416-29. 2003

..Finally, further study is needed of cell-specific responsivity and function in the human endometrium with respect to steroid hormone regulation of angiogenesis...

..This suggests that elevated levels of endogenous estrogen are not required to maintain low impedance blood flow within the uteroplacental vascular bed during the second half of nonhuman primate pregnancy...

Effect of estrogen on vascular endothelial growth/permeability factor expression by glandular epithelial and stromal cells in the baboon endometrium

..01) and VEG/PF protein expression to normal. In summary, estrogen has a significant role in regulating and maintaining VEG/PF expression by glandular epithelial and stromal cells of the endometrium during the menstrual cycle...

..Because placental estrogen production and secretion into the baboon fetus increases markedly during advancing pregnancy, we propose that estrogen plays an integral role in programming fetal ovarian development in the primate...

Up-regulation of alpha-inhibin expression in the fetal ovary of estrogen-suppressed baboons is associated with impaired fetal ovarian folliculogenesis

..6 +/- 4.6 nm at 0 h to 101.1 +/- 6.4 nm at 6 h, whereas vehicle or progesterone had no effect. We suggest that estrogen has a major role in regulating VEG/PF synthesis and early events in angiogenesis in the primate endometrium...

Victoria A RobbDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Studies in Reproduction, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USABiol Reprod 71:1694-8. 2004

..We propose that estrogen regulates VEG/PF expression within the placenta in a cell-specific manner, providing a paracrine system to promote vascularization of the villous placenta during the first half of primate pregnancy...

..Therefore, we propose that development of oocyte microvilli requires expression of alpha-actinin and that expression of alpha-actinin and localization of ezrin-phosphate and SLC9A3R1 to the oocyte membrane are regulated by estrogen...

Estrogen stimulates the human endometrium to express a factor(s) that promotes vascular smooth muscle cell migration as an early step in microvessel remodeling

..Along with documenting a prominent role for 17beta-estradiol in maturation of the GABAergic system, these findings increase our understanding of neuronal differentiation and maturation in the fetal primate brain...

Development of a coculture system and use of confocal laser fluorescent microscopy to study human microvascular endothelial cell and mural cell interaction