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(A) Delta Ct dynamics of TV RNAs from infected cells with MAL (blue line) or without MAL (red line) treatment (100 μg/ml/well), as measured by quantitative RT- PCR (qRT-PCR). Delta Ct values are shown on the Y-axis, while the time points are indicated on the X-axis. (B) Fold ratios of TV RNAs from infected cells with MAL treatment compared to infected cells without MAL treatment. The Applied Biosystems® Eukaryotic 18S rRNA (4319413E) was used as an endogenous control to calculate the fold change by 2^DDCt. Each experiment was repeated four times.