There's actually a sub-field of mining called "electrowinning" which focuses on extraction of metals from solutions via electrolysis. They typically use CuSO4 instead of HCl. You may also want to look into copper plating with CuCl2, there may be a way to add brighteners (not sure what exactly) that would allow the copper to form as a solid mass on the electrodes rather than as loosely adhered powder. There's actually a great book by Lowenheim from the 1978 called "Electroplating" which is voluminous about the process in general.