Blood Levels of Apelin-12 in Patients with Essential Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes and Without It Before and After Combined Therapy

K.O. Yushko

Abstract

The study included 40 patients with essential hypertension, of whom 19 patients had concomitant type 2 diabetes, before and after 12 weeks of treatment with olmesartan and lercanidipine on the background of atorvastatin therapy. Patients with type 2 diabetes were treated with metformin additionally. The control group consisted of 10 apparently healthy people. The examination included: physical methods, determination of blood lipid levels, fasting glucose, insulin with insulin resistance index calculation, studying structural and functional cardiac parameters. Apelin-12 levels were tested using enzyme immunoassay. We found that in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes blood levels of apelin-12 are lower than those in the group of apparently healthy individuals. Among hypertensive patients without type 2 diabetes blood levels of apelin-12 depend on diastolic blood pressure, lipid metabolism parameters, left atrium size, aortic diameter. In patients with type 2 diabetes, blood level of apelin-12 correlates with diastolic blood pressure, duration of hypertension, atherogenic factor and left atrium size. In patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes there were significantly higher levels of apelin-12 after therapy compared with its basal levels. These data confirm the participation of endogenous peptide apelin-12 in blood pressure regulation processes, atherogenesis and pathological cardiac remodeling in hypertensive patients both with type 2 diabetes, and without it.