The Urinary Tract Dilation (UTD) grading system for prenatal hydronephrosis (HN) was introduced to address potential shortcomings of the SFU classification. HN resolution is an important patient outcome and frequently discussed during family counselling. Herein we compare these two grading systems and their ability to predict time to HN resolution.

The authors have astutely identified the key issue prompting our analysis of testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) outcomes in Hispanics, namely, the significant demographic shifts occurring throughout the country. Although our own institution in Texas has historically cared for a large Hispanic population—both native born and recent immigrants—Hispanics are the fastest-growing demographic in the United States,1 and the proportion of Hispanic patients we care for, and indeed the rest of the country cares for, will continue to rise.

Hispanics account for a large and growing share of the population of the United States: they currently make up 1 in 5 of the people living in the U.S. and are projected to account for 1 in 4 residents by 20451. Recent studies have shown that although non-Hispanic white (NHW) men have the highest incidence of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), there has been a significant increase in the rate of TGCTs in Hispanic men in the last 25 years2,3. Over the next decade, incidence rates among Hispanic men are forecast to continue to increase and surpass the rates among NHW men by 20263.

Bladder malignancy in patients with congenital bladder anomalies who have undergone bladder augmentation is a rare but well recognized condition. These patients present with locally advanced or metastatic disease and have poor survival. We report a case of a patient with myelomeningocele who was incidentally found to have a high grade intestinal type adenocarcinoma of her bladder augment at the time of cystolithotomy. This case highlights the need to continue to follow patients with congenital bladder anomalies and questions if there are better screening methods available.