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Homework 1
1. To contrast PSR, I suggested that you could have the Brute Fact view of the
universe. This basically says that there can be such things as brute facts-things or
events in the universe that simply do not have a reason or explanation . So,
ess

Exam 1 Aid
3.
Inconceivability Objection
Consider the series of positive integers: 1, 2, 3, etc. Now suppose I ask you to
imagine the greatest conceivable integer. Rightly so, you should be a bit
dumbfounded, as it is quite obvious that the positive integ

Anselms Worries
Countless others, would presumably be worse if they existed. Whats
more,the world itself would surely be worse if these things existed in reality
rather than just existing in the mind alone. So greater cannot mean something
like makes the

Scientific Revolution Notes
he Scientific Revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries started out as a criticism
of the Aristotelian-scholastic view of the universe. The two areas in which old
ideas were rejected and new ones proposed were in astronomy and

Lecture 4 Notes
Part X Of Miracles
(1) Hume argues that no wise man, one whose belief is proportional to
the evidence for that belief, could ever believe reports of miracles. His
argument is as follows:
A wise man's beliefs are proportion to the evidence

Lecture 3 Notes
Part VI Overcoming his reluctance to make his findings public
Reasons for not publishing his work
(1) The condemnation of Galileo, whose work he agreed with, made
him believe that his own judgments might be mistaken
(2) Mediocre minds woul

Notes

Scientific Revolution Notes
he Scientific Revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries started out as a criticism
of the Aristotelian-scholastic view of the universe. The two areas in which old
ideas were rejected and new ones proposed were in astronomy and

Lecture 4 Notes
Part X Of Miracles
(1) Hume argues that no wise man, one whose belief is proportional to
the evidence for that belief, could ever believe reports of miracles. His
argument is as follows:
A wise man's beliefs are proportion to the evidence

Lecture 3 Notes
Part VI Overcoming his reluctance to make his findings public
Reasons for not publishing his work
(1) The condemnation of Galileo, whose work he agreed with, made
him believe that his own judgments might be mistaken
(2) Mediocre minds woul

Lecture 2 Notes
Part V The Mechanical Philosophy of Nature [Summary of his work La Monde
(The World), the publication of which he suppressed after the condemnation
of Galileo] Given the initial state of the universe and the laws of
nature, all the phenome

Lecture 1 Notes
Criticisms of Descartes' Proofs for the existence of God
Descartes uses a number of presuppositions which he does not subject to
the criterion of indubitability.
(1) Existence is a perfection (from Plato's idea that the forms of
the Good a

Quiz 4 Review Guide
Pascal's Wager
After looking at some of the arguments for the existence of God, you might find
yourself frustrated by the attempt to prove God's existence by reason. Perhaps you think
that knowledge of God is a matter of faith, not rea

Essays

Anselms Worries
Countless others, would presumably be worse if they existed. Whats
more,the world itself would surely be worse if these things existed in reality
rather than just existing in the mind alone. So greater cannot mean something
like makes the

Exams

Exam 1 Aid
3.
Inconceivability Objection
Consider the series of positive integers: 1, 2, 3, etc. Now suppose I ask you to
imagine the greatest conceivable integer. Rightly so, you should be a bit
dumbfounded, as it is quite obvious that the positive integ

Study Guide for Final Exam
Method:
(1) States the question to be considered
(2) Presents the arguments he plans to reject: Objections
(3) Introduces his view with supporting authorities: On the Contrary
(4) Gives the arguments in support of his view: I an

Study Guide for Exam 2 (Aristotle)
Aristotle (384-22 B.C.E.) Student of Plato: founded his own school, the Lyceum.
Aristotle did a great deal of biological research which influenced his general
philosophical development. Comparison of Plato and Aristotle:

Study Guide Exam 1 (Plato)
Reasons given to support the view that justice in the individual is
similar to justice in the state:
(1) If two things (states, individuals) are called by the same name it
must be because they share a resemblance to a third thin

Exam 2 Study Guide
(1) Chance is the name for our ignoranceof any regularities which
would suggests a cause.
(2) One event is regarded as more probable than another because ".the
mind is carried more frequently to that event and meets itoftener." (P.38)
T

Exam 1 Study Guide
Background to Hume:
(1) The Legacy of Descartes:
(a) The psychological starting point - Descartes' Cogito begins
with an analysis of the knower (rather than with the objects of
knowledge). This leads to the dualism of the thinking mind

Homework

Homework 1
1. To contrast PSR, I suggested that you could have the Brute Fact view of the
universe. This basically says that there can be such things as brute facts-things or
events in the universe that simply do not have a reason or explanation . So,
ess

Homework 3
1. Consider a table. Now abstract away all of its properties except existence.
That is, imagine that you could leave it existing without all of its other
properties: color, shape, size, function, and so on. But what is the difference
between ex

Homework 2
1. In class we discussed three possible theories that might explain how and why the
universe is here-or, as I put it in class, why there is something rather than
nothing: (i) the No God view, (ii) the God view, and (iii) the Magic view. The No

HW 3
1.
(1) Theoretical wisdom - complete and fundamental understanding of
nature-science through a grasp of the basic principles of nature
(intuition) and the correct reasoning from those principles (deduction).
2. Techne or skill (how to make or do thin

HW 2
1. The Domain of Ethics - Eudaimonia Well-being or successful living
(happiness).
2. The general characteristics of eudaimonia:
(1) The ultimate end of action - many things are sought for the sake of
well-being but well being is sought for its own sa

HW 1
1. The Timocractic Man is one in which Honor rules. (the Spirited Part is
not ruled by reason)
2. The Oligarchic Man is one in whom the desire for wealth rules,
dominating the spirited part and the other appetites
3. The Democratic Man is one in whic

Most Popular

Homework 1
1. To contrast PSR, I suggested that you could have the Brute Fact view of the
universe. This basically says that there can be such things as brute facts-things or
events in the universe that simply do not have a reason or explanation . So,
ess

Exam 1 Aid
3.
Inconceivability Objection
Consider the series of positive integers: 1, 2, 3, etc. Now suppose I ask you to
imagine the greatest conceivable integer. Rightly so, you should be a bit
dumbfounded, as it is quite obvious that the positive integ

Anselms Worries
Countless others, would presumably be worse if they existed. Whats
more,the world itself would surely be worse if these things existed in reality
rather than just existing in the mind alone. So greater cannot mean something
like makes the

Scientific Revolution Notes
he Scientific Revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries started out as a criticism
of the Aristotelian-scholastic view of the universe. The two areas in which old
ideas were rejected and new ones proposed were in astronomy and

Lecture 4 Notes
Part X Of Miracles
(1) Hume argues that no wise man, one whose belief is proportional to
the evidence for that belief, could ever believe reports of miracles. His
argument is as follows:
A wise man's beliefs are proportion to the evidence

Lecture 3 Notes
Part VI Overcoming his reluctance to make his findings public
Reasons for not publishing his work
(1) The condemnation of Galileo, whose work he agreed with, made
him believe that his own judgments might be mistaken
(2) Mediocre minds woul

Lecture 2 Notes
Part V The Mechanical Philosophy of Nature [Summary of his work La Monde
(The World), the publication of which he suppressed after the condemnation
of Galileo] Given the initial state of the universe and the laws of
nature, all the phenome

Lecture 1 Notes
Criticisms of Descartes' Proofs for the existence of God
Descartes uses a number of presuppositions which he does not subject to
the criterion of indubitability.
(1) Existence is a perfection (from Plato's idea that the forms of
the Good a

Quiz 4 Review Guide
Pascal's Wager
After looking at some of the arguments for the existence of God, you might find
yourself frustrated by the attempt to prove God's existence by reason. Perhaps you think
that knowledge of God is a matter of faith, not rea

Lecture 6 Notes
6. Even if Premise 3 of Aquinas' Second Way is True, So What?
If you haven't got a headache yet because of all this talk of infinity, you might be thinking
to yourself: "Look. Who cares whether premise three is true or not? I need not come

Lecture 5 Notes
(ii) Hilbert's Hotel
Another example is Hilbert's Hotel. Wie will discuss this example in class.
In class, however, I will try to show that while Hilbert's Hotel is indeed odd and
surprising, and perhaps a bit funky or weird, it does not f

Lecture 4 Notes
If we imagine that this line represents a series of infinite causes, then we can see that in
an infinite series of causes, there would be no first cause (for in just the same way, there
is no first negative integer in a negative integer nu

Lecture 3 Notes
Aquinas' Second and Third Way Formalized
Second Way Formalized-The Argument from Causation
(1) There are things that are caused.
(2) Nothing can be the cause of itself.
(3) There cannot be an infinite regress of causes.
(4) Thus, there had

Homework 3
1. Consider a table. Now abstract away all of its properties except existence.
That is, imagine that you could leave it existing without all of its other
properties: color, shape, size, function, and so on. But what is the difference
between ex

Homework 2
1. In class we discussed three possible theories that might explain how and why the
universe is here-or, as I put it in class, why there is something rather than
nothing: (i) the No God view, (ii) the God view, and (iii) the Magic view. The No

Study Guide for Final Exam
Method:
(1) States the question to be considered
(2) Presents the arguments he plans to reject: Objections
(3) Introduces his view with supporting authorities: On the Contrary
(4) Gives the arguments in support of his view: I an

Study Guide for Exam 2 (Aristotle)
Aristotle (384-22 B.C.E.) Student of Plato: founded his own school, the Lyceum.
Aristotle did a great deal of biological research which influenced his general
philosophical development. Comparison of Plato and Aristotle:

Study Guide Exam 1 (Plato)
Reasons given to support the view that justice in the individual is
similar to justice in the state:
(1) If two things (states, individuals) are called by the same name it
must be because they share a resemblance to a third thin

Lecture Notes 4
How to achieve a just society and to prevent tyranny:
(1) Education:
(1) Auxiliaries: Poetry, Drama, Music, Physical Training. (Chap IX)
Purpose is to promote good character in a good body.
Argument: People learn by imitation. People will

Lecture Notes 3
(1) Cephalus: Justice is telling the truth and paying back what is due.
Criticism by Socrates: Counter-example; returning a borrowed weapon to
someone who has become mad. (example of elenchos) (p. 7)
(2) Polemarchus: Justice is rendering e

Lecture Notes 2
III A Major Problem of Moral Philosophy
From the earliest times it has been clear that many times, if not
always, people who do what is right do not get the good things in life,
and what is, perhaps worse is that evil people are often very

Lecture Notes 1
I The Relationships between Natural Philosophy and Moral Philosophy:
Natural Philosophy is that branch of philosophy which is concerned
with the world of our experience, what it is, what is the fundamentally
real (Metaphysics) and how we c

HW 3
1.
(1) Theoretical wisdom - complete and fundamental understanding of
nature-science through a grasp of the basic principles of nature
(intuition) and the correct reasoning from those principles (deduction).
2. Techne or skill (how to make or do thin

HW 2
1. The Domain of Ethics - Eudaimonia Well-being or successful living
(happiness).
2. The general characteristics of eudaimonia:
(1) The ultimate end of action - many things are sought for the sake of
well-being but well being is sought for its own sa

HW 1
1. The Timocractic Man is one in which Honor rules. (the Spirited Part is
not ruled by reason)
2. The Oligarchic Man is one in whom the desire for wealth rules,
dominating the spirited part and the other appetites
3. The Democratic Man is one in whic

1.
2.
3.
4.
Homework 3
These three maxims are practical rules of thumb, not truths of
moral
philosophy. He adopts them so that he will be free of the demands
of an
active life so that he can follow the main rule:
-To Cultivate his reason advancing in the

Homework 2
1. Descartes' criticism of Logic, geometry, and algebra
(1) Logic is not a method of discovery but only explains what is already
known.
(2) Geometry requires the use of figures so that it utilizes the
imagination instead of the reason.
(3) Alge

1.
2.
3.
Homework 1
The Optics: in which the sine law of refraction is proved
Meteorology: in which the calculation and experimental
confirmation of the angle of the bow of the rainbow is presented.
The Geometry: in which Descartes presents a general proc

Exam 2 Study Guide
(1) Chance is the name for our ignoranceof any regularities which
would suggests a cause.
(2) One event is regarded as more probable than another because ".the
mind is carried more frequently to that event and meets itoftener." (P.38)
T

Exam 1 Study Guide
Background to Hume:
(1) The Legacy of Descartes:
(a) The psychological starting point - Descartes' Cogito begins
with an analysis of the knower (rather than with the objects of
knowledge). This leads to the dualism of the thinking mind

Notes

Scientific Revolution Notes
he Scientific Revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries started out as a criticism
of the Aristotelian-scholastic view of the universe. The two areas in which old
ideas were rejected and new ones proposed were in astronomy and

Lecture 4 Notes
Part X Of Miracles
(1) Hume argues that no wise man, one whose belief is proportional to
the evidence for that belief, could ever believe reports of miracles. His
argument is as follows:
A wise man's beliefs are proportion to the evidence

Lecture 3 Notes
Part VI Overcoming his reluctance to make his findings public
Reasons for not publishing his work
(1) The condemnation of Galileo, whose work he agreed with, made
him believe that his own judgments might be mistaken
(2) Mediocre minds woul

Lecture 2 Notes
Part V The Mechanical Philosophy of Nature [Summary of his work La Monde
(The World), the publication of which he suppressed after the condemnation
of Galileo] Given the initial state of the universe and the laws of
nature, all the phenome

Lecture 1 Notes
Criticisms of Descartes' Proofs for the existence of God
Descartes uses a number of presuppositions which he does not subject to
the criterion of indubitability.
(1) Existence is a perfection (from Plato's idea that the forms of
the Good a

Quiz 4 Review Guide
Pascal's Wager
After looking at some of the arguments for the existence of God, you might find
yourself frustrated by the attempt to prove God's existence by reason. Perhaps you think
that knowledge of God is a matter of faith, not rea

Lecture 6 Notes
6. Even if Premise 3 of Aquinas' Second Way is True, So What?
If you haven't got a headache yet because of all this talk of infinity, you might be thinking
to yourself: "Look. Who cares whether premise three is true or not? I need not come

Lecture 5 Notes
(ii) Hilbert's Hotel
Another example is Hilbert's Hotel. Wie will discuss this example in class.
In class, however, I will try to show that while Hilbert's Hotel is indeed odd and
surprising, and perhaps a bit funky or weird, it does not f

Lecture 4 Notes
If we imagine that this line represents a series of infinite causes, then we can see that in
an infinite series of causes, there would be no first cause (for in just the same way, there
is no first negative integer in a negative integer nu

Lecture 3 Notes
Aquinas' Second and Third Way Formalized
Second Way Formalized-The Argument from Causation
(1) There are things that are caused.
(2) Nothing can be the cause of itself.
(3) There cannot be an infinite regress of causes.
(4) Thus, there had

Lecture Notes 4
How to achieve a just society and to prevent tyranny:
(1) Education:
(1) Auxiliaries: Poetry, Drama, Music, Physical Training. (Chap IX)
Purpose is to promote good character in a good body.
Argument: People learn by imitation. People will

Lecture Notes 3
(1) Cephalus: Justice is telling the truth and paying back what is due.
Criticism by Socrates: Counter-example; returning a borrowed weapon to
someone who has become mad. (example of elenchos) (p. 7)
(2) Polemarchus: Justice is rendering e

Lecture Notes 2
III A Major Problem of Moral Philosophy
From the earliest times it has been clear that many times, if not
always, people who do what is right do not get the good things in life,
and what is, perhaps worse is that evil people are often very

Lecture Notes 1
I The Relationships between Natural Philosophy and Moral Philosophy:
Natural Philosophy is that branch of philosophy which is concerned
with the world of our experience, what it is, what is the fundamentally
real (Metaphysics) and how we c

Singer and Poverty Marginal Utility: at which by giving more one would cause oneself and one's dependents as much suffering as one would prevent in Bengal Argument Marginal Utility Global Village Are we causing harm? Economics and microfinance Desert

Integrity- if actions match up with commitments Argument: a list of sentences, the last of which is the Conclusion, the rest of which are the premises, where the conclusion is supposed to follow from the premises Philosophy is practical because it is

Essays

Anselms Worries
Countless others, would presumably be worse if they existed. Whats
more,the world itself would surely be worse if these things existed in reality
rather than just existing in the mind alone. So greater cannot mean something
like makes the

Exams

Exam 1 Aid
3.
Inconceivability Objection
Consider the series of positive integers: 1, 2, 3, etc. Now suppose I ask you to
imagine the greatest conceivable integer. Rightly so, you should be a bit
dumbfounded, as it is quite obvious that the positive integ

Study Guide for Final Exam
Method:
(1) States the question to be considered
(2) Presents the arguments he plans to reject: Objections
(3) Introduces his view with supporting authorities: On the Contrary
(4) Gives the arguments in support of his view: I an

Study Guide for Exam 2 (Aristotle)
Aristotle (384-22 B.C.E.) Student of Plato: founded his own school, the Lyceum.
Aristotle did a great deal of biological research which influenced his general
philosophical development. Comparison of Plato and Aristotle:

Study Guide Exam 1 (Plato)
Reasons given to support the view that justice in the individual is
similar to justice in the state:
(1) If two things (states, individuals) are called by the same name it
must be because they share a resemblance to a third thin

Exam 2 Study Guide
(1) Chance is the name for our ignoranceof any regularities which
would suggests a cause.
(2) One event is regarded as more probable than another because ".the
mind is carried more frequently to that event and meets itoftener." (P.38)
T

Exam 1 Study Guide
Background to Hume:
(1) The Legacy of Descartes:
(a) The psychological starting point - Descartes' Cogito begins
with an analysis of the knower (rather than with the objects of
knowledge). This leads to the dualism of the thinking mind

Philosophy Study Guide Test 3 Basics Argument: List of sentences, conclusion follows from the premises Valid Argument: Conclusion does follow from the premises. If the premises were true, the conclusion would also have to be true *Not all valid argum

There are extra notes that were comprised with a friend on the bottom.
The Ethics of Cloning and Other Bioengineering Will cloning harm people?- Gregory Pence o If there is nothing bad about having twins naturally, why should it be wrong to use clon

Homework

Homework 1
1. To contrast PSR, I suggested that you could have the Brute Fact view of the
universe. This basically says that there can be such things as brute facts-things or
events in the universe that simply do not have a reason or explanation . So,
ess

Homework 3
1. Consider a table. Now abstract away all of its properties except existence.
That is, imagine that you could leave it existing without all of its other
properties: color, shape, size, function, and so on. But what is the difference
between ex

Homework 2
1. In class we discussed three possible theories that might explain how and why the
universe is here-or, as I put it in class, why there is something rather than
nothing: (i) the No God view, (ii) the God view, and (iii) the Magic view. The No

HW 3
1.
(1) Theoretical wisdom - complete and fundamental understanding of
nature-science through a grasp of the basic principles of nature
(intuition) and the correct reasoning from those principles (deduction).
2. Techne or skill (how to make or do thin

HW 2
1. The Domain of Ethics - Eudaimonia Well-being or successful living
(happiness).
2. The general characteristics of eudaimonia:
(1) The ultimate end of action - many things are sought for the sake of
well-being but well being is sought for its own sa

HW 1
1. The Timocractic Man is one in which Honor rules. (the Spirited Part is
not ruled by reason)
2. The Oligarchic Man is one in whom the desire for wealth rules,
dominating the spirited part and the other appetites
3. The Democratic Man is one in whic

1.
2.
3.
4.
Homework 3
These three maxims are practical rules of thumb, not truths of
moral
philosophy. He adopts them so that he will be free of the demands
of an
active life so that he can follow the main rule:
-To Cultivate his reason advancing in the

Homework 2
1. Descartes' criticism of Logic, geometry, and algebra
(1) Logic is not a method of discovery but only explains what is already
known.
(2) Geometry requires the use of figures so that it utilizes the
imagination instead of the reason.
(3) Alge

1.
2.
3.
Homework 1
The Optics: in which the sine law of refraction is proved
Meteorology: in which the calculation and experimental
confirmation of the angle of the bow of the rainbow is presented.
The Geometry: in which Descartes presents a general proc