In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address on a Civil War battlefield in Pennsylvania.

In 1919, the U.S. Senate rejected the Treaty of Versailles drawn up by the Paris peace conference at the end of World War I.

In 1874, the Women's Christian Temperance Union was founded in Cleveland, Ohio.

In 1939, President Franklin D. Roosevelt laid the cornerstone for his presidential library at Hyde Park, N.Y.

In 1954, the first automatic toll collection machine went into service -- at the Union Toll Plaza on New Jersey's Garden State Parkway.

In 1985, a Houston jury ruled Texaco must pay $10.5 billion, the largest damage award in United States history, to Pennzoil Company for Texaco's 1984 acquisition of Getty Oil Co.

In 1986, at the beginning of what became the Iran-Contra scandal, President Reagan said the United States would send no more arms to Iran.

In 1990, NATO and the Warsaw Pact nations signed a massive conventional arms treaty in Paris to end the 40-year Cold War.

In 1991, a cargo train derailment in central Mexico killed 70 people and injured 40 more when the boxcars crushed automobiles on a highway below the tracks.

Also in 1991, Eduard Shevardnadze was reappointed Soviet foreign minister after resigning in December 1990 with a warning of an impending coup.

In 1992, Dorothy Walker Bush, 91, mother of President George H.W. Bush and grandmother of President George W. Bush, died following a stroke at her home in Greenwich, Conn., hours after a last visit with her son.

In 1994, Mozambique President Joaquim Chissano and his party claimed victory in the country's first multiparty presidential and parliamentary elections.

In 1996, a United Express plane collided with a light plane in Quincy, Ill. All aboard both planes died.

In 1997, Bobbi McCaughey gave birth to septuplets in Des Moines, Iowa, the first time seven babies had been born and survived.

In 2001, the U.S. government offered a $25 million award for information leading to the location or capture of Osama Bin Laden, the suspected mastermind behind the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks on America.

A thought for the day: Milan Kundera said, "The only reason people want to be masters of the future is to change the past."