Part 1 Carbohydrates. Energy Release When bonds are broken, __________ is released for use by the cell energy Sucrose: A disaccharide GlucoseFructose.

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Presentation on theme: "Part 1 Carbohydrates. Energy Release When bonds are broken, __________ is released for use by the cell energy Sucrose: A disaccharide GlucoseFructose."— Presentation transcript:

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Part 1 Carbohydrates

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Energy Release When bonds are broken, __________ is released for use by the cell energy Sucrose: A disaccharide GlucoseFructose Monosaccharides ATP

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Energy Storage Glucose: A MonosaccharideFructose: A Monosaccharide When bonds are made, energy (E) is stored Sucrose: A dissaccharide

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How is energy released? When bonds are made by dehydration synthesis, energy is stored within the bonds of the compound. Sucrose: A disaccharide GlucoseFructose Monosaccharides ATP OH HO

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How is energy released? When bonds are broken by hydrolysis, __________ is released from the bonds energy Sucrose: A disaccharide GlucoseFructose Monosaccharides ATP

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What are some examples of common energy storing compounds? 1.ATP (Most important usable energy for the cell.) 2.NADPH 3.FADH2 4.NADH

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How is ATP made? ATP is made from the precursor AMP (Adenosine Mono-phosphate) If a phophate and energy is added to AMP, ADP is created. Furthermore, if another phosphate is added to ADP, ATP is created.

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Mechanical analogy for the light reactions 1.Photon excites an electron in Photosystem II 2.ATP is produced during this stage (ETC) 3.The electron moves on to Photosystem I 4.An electron is excited by another photon 5.NADPH is produced

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ATP Synthetase An enzyme embedded in the Thylakoid membrane thylakoid membrane Creates ATP from the electron’s energy in the ETC

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Protein Complex Enzyme

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Summary of the Light Reaction

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ADP PiPi ATP e-4e- NADP+ NADPH

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Dark Reaction: An Overview The General Formula for Photosynthesis is: 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + (Light )  C 6 H 12 O 6 +6O 2 Which of these reactants has not been accounted for so far?

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ATP & NADPH energy are used to convert CO 2 into glucose NADPH ATP CO 2 Sugar! This is done in a three-phase cycle…