Which of the following lists the men in the order in which they lived?

A) Aristotle, Ptolemy, Copernicus, Galileo, Newton

B) Ptolemy, Aristotle, Copernicus, Newton Galileo

C) Aristotle, Copernicus, Ptolemy, Galileo, Newton

D) Copernicus, Ptolemy, Aristotle, Galileo, Newton

A

HW 1 (11)

If you triple the distance between two objects, how will the gravitational force exerted by one on the other be changed?

A) It would be reduced to 1/4 as much.

B) It would be reduced to 1/2 as much.

C) It would be reduced to 1/9 as much.

D) It would be reduced to 1/16 as much.

C

HW 1 (12)

The discovery of the moons of Jupiter lent support to...

A) the geocentric system.

B) the heliocentric system.

C) Neither the geocentric nor the heliocentric system

B

HW 1 (13)

If you apply equal forces to a cement truck and a compact car...

A) the cement truck will accelerate more.

B) the compact car will accelerate more.

C) they will accelerate equally.

D) neither will accelerate

B

HW 1 (14)The basic gravitational theory of the orbiting of satellites was first developed by...

A) Albert Einstein early in the 1900sB) Werner Von Braun during WWIIC) Isaac Newton around 1700D) Albert Einstein during WWIIE) Germany during the 1930s

C

HW 1 (15)Which of the following waves travels at the speed of light in a vacuum?

A) UltravioletB) InfraredC) X-RayD) All of the AboveE) None of the Above

D

HW 1 (16)In appearance, an emission spectrum is...

A) a continuous spectrum disrupted by dark linesB) similar to a continuous spectrumC) a number of distinct linesD) Any of the above, depending on the temperature of the emitting object

C

HW 1 (17)In appearance, an absorption spectrum is...

A) a continuous spectrum disrupted by dark linesB) similar to a continuous spectrumC) a number of bright linesD) Any of the above, depending on the temperature of the emitting object

A

HW 1 (18)The Newtonian and Cassegrain are...

A) famous optical observatoriesB) famous radio telescopesC) types of spectraD) types of corrections of aberrations in lensesE) methods of focusing light in reflecting telescopes

E

HW 1 (19)The purpose of spectrometry is to...

A) measure the position in the sky of celestial objectsB) measure the intensity of light from celestial objectsC) separate light from celestial objects into its colorsD) keep refracting telescopes in focusE) keep reflecting telescopes in focus

C

HW 1 (20)The primary purpose of using a telescope with a large objective rather than a small one is...

B) improved refracting telescope, which allowed him to extend Galileo's observations of the skyC) made accurate measurements of planetary positions, which Kepler later used to find shapes of planetary orbits

C

ACT 3 (02)

Kepler's first law states:

A) The orbit of a planet about the Sun is a circle with the Sun at the center

B) The orbit of a planet about the Sun is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus

C) The orbit of a planet about the Sun is an ellipse with the Sun at the center

B

ACT 3 (03)

To which point in a planetary orbit does the word “perihelion” refer?

A) The point farthest from the Sun

B) The precise center of the orbit

C) The “other” focus (the one not occupied by the Sun)

D) The point closest to the Sun

D

ACT 4 (01)

There is a force of gravitation between...

A) two objects only when one of them is very massive

B) two objects only when both of them are very massive

C) two objects only when one of them is a planet

D) any two objects

E) Answers A, B and C only, for they are equivalent

D

ACT 4 (02)

In a traffic accident on the Moon, a car traveling at 65 mi/hr would have...

A) more inertia than the same car on Earth

B) less inertia than the same car on Earth

C) the same inertia it would have on Earth

D) no inertia, since there is no air on the Moon

C

ACT 4 (03)Newton's second law can be stated mathematically as...

A) F = m•a

B) E = m•c2

C) F = G•M•m/r2

D) a3/P2= constant

E) None of the above

A

ACT 5 (01)

Which of the following is true? The Moon does not fall to the Earth because...

A) The gravitational force b/w Earth & Moon gets weaker as you move away from Earth & is so weak at the Moon that gravity has insignificant influence

B) It is under the influence of Sun and other planets, and this tends to draw it away from Earth

C) Neither of the Above

C

ACT 5 (02)

Your weight (the force of the Earth's gravity on you) in a spacecraft orbiting just above the Earth's atmosphere would be...

A) zero

B) about half of what it is on Earth

C) slightly less than on Earth

D) the same as on Earth

C

ACT 5 (03)

The centripetal force that makes the Moon travel in a circle around the Earth (instead of continuing in a straight line) is...

A) inertia

B) the Earth's gravitational attraction for the Moon

C) friction with the Earth's atmosphere

D) calculus

B

ACT 6 (01)

If we know the frequency of a particular beam of light, we can calculate...

A) its intensity

B) its wavelength

C) its direction

D) its source

E) the distance to its source

B

ACT 6 (02)

One nanometer is equal to...

A) one hertz

B) one millimeter

C) one Angstrom

D) 1000 meters

E) 10−9 meter

E

ACT 6 (03)

One hertz is equal to one...

A) millimeter

B) meter

C) kilometer

D) cycle per second

E) wavelength

D

ACT 7 (01)

Niels Bohr developed...

A) a more powerful telescope.

B) the laws now known as Kirchoff's laws.

C) the Kelvin temperature scale.

D) the explanation for the Doppler effect.

E) a model of the atom

E

ACT 7 (02)

The bending of light as it passes through a small opening is called...

A) diffraction

B) refraction

C) reflection

D) atmospheric blurring

E) chromatic aberration

A

ACT 7 (03)

The Newtonian telescope was designed by...

A) Newton

B) Galileo

C) Hubble

D) Doppler

E) Cassegrain

A

ACT 8 (01)

The primary purpose of the eyepiece of a telescope is to...

A) intensify light that has entered the telescope.

B) act as a magnifier

C) separate light into its colors

D) gather light

E) focus light on the film

B

ACT 8 (02)

The primary purpose of the objective of a telescope is to...

A) intensify light that has entered the telescope.

B) act as a magnifier.

C) separate light into its colors.

D) gather light.

E) focus light on the film

D

EX 2 (01)The ring system of Saturn consists primarily of...

A) large rocky particlesB) ice or ice-covered particlesC) large solid ringsD) an unknown object or objects

B

EX 2 (02)The cloud patterns of Saturn....

A) appeared very much like those of JupiterB) are very difficult to see because of a heavy smog layer above themC) are much more varied than those of JupiterD) are absent since the atmosphere of Saturn is nearly transparent

B

EX 2 (03)Which of the planets has a rotational period most nearly equal to Earth's?

A) MercuryB) VenusC) MarsD) UranusE) Neptune

C

EX 2 (04)Ammonia ice crystals and methane probably exist in the clouds of Jupiter and Saturn.

A) different parts of the planet have different period of roationB) it rotates in a different direction than its moons revolve around itC) it rotates in a different direction than most of the planetsD) Both B and C

A) along regions of greatest thermal stress in arctic and antarctic regionsB) in the centers of tectonic platesC) along the boundaries of major tectonic platesD) along the zone of maximum tidal stress around the equator

C

EX 2 (17)The troposphere is....

A) The lowest level of the Earth's atmosphereB) a level about midway between the Earth's surface and the edge of the atmosphereC) the highest level of Earth's atmosphereD) the layer within the Earth where plate tectonics occurs most noticeablyE) at the core of the Earth

A

EX 2 (18)The object in space that causes a meteor in the atmosphere is called a "meteoroid".

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 2 (19)Titan's surface may contain lakes of liquid methane.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 2 (20)In general, a comet's tail points away from the Sun.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 2 (21)Mercury has a higher concentration of the heavy elements than does Earth.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 2 (22)The interior conditions of Jupiter and Saturn are such that Hydrogen acts much like a metal.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 2 (23)Differentiation is the....

A) melting of volatile elements within a planetB) separation, by geologists, of the portions of EarthC) sinking of denser materials toward the center of planetsD) Heat flow from within EarthE) separation of the Earth's rotation north pole from its magnetic north pole

A) sunlight being reflected by upper layers of the atmosphereB) charged particles impacting on the Earth's atmosphereC) sunlight being refracted by upper layers of the atmosphereD) gravitational attraction of light toward the Earth

B

EX 2 (28)Water ice makes the bulk of both Martian polar caps.

A) True

B) False

A

EX 2 (29)The Roche limit refers to the...

A) Maximum size that a satellite can have before it is considered a planetB) Maximum distance between planets in the Titius-Bode lawC) Minimum distance between a planet and a large satelliteD) Minimum thickness of a planetary ring

C

EX 2 (30)Continental Drift is caused by...

A) precession of equinoxesB) motion of plates within EarthC) atmospheric heating and coolingD) atmospheric layeringE) the fact that the Earth's magnetic poles are not the same as its rotation poles

B

EX 2 (31)The HST has found dust disks around other stars. This leads credence to...

A) catastrophe theoriesB) evolutionary theoriesC) Both A and BD) None of the Above

B

EX 2 (32)Mercury has a substantial atmosphere.

A) TrueB) False

B

EX 2 (33)The radar mapper that began orbiting Venus in 1990 was named...

A) GalileoB) MagellanC) VenusianD) Voyager

B

EX 2 (34)All the Jovian planets emit more energy than they absorb from the Sun.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 2 (35)The fact that Venus has little or no magnetic field is attributed to...

A) its slow rotationB) its cloud coverC) its proximity to the SunD) its greenhouse effect

A

EX 2 (36)The Galilean satellite that seems to be covered with cracks that have been filled with ice is...

A) CallistoB) EruopaC) IoD) Ganymede

B

EX 2 (37)All of the planets rotate in the counterclockwise direction as seen from far above the Earth's North Pole.

A) TrueB) False

B

EX 2 (38)Which effect is thought to be the most likely cause for the inclination of spin axis of the planets such as Uranus (and even Earth) to their orbital planes?

EX 2 (43)The primary constituent of Saturn's ring system seems to be water ice.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 2 (44)Io's volcanoes are due to tidal interactions with Jupiter.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 2 (45)Which of these planets is farthest from the Sun?

A) UranusB) EarthC) VenusD) MarsE) Mercury

A

EX 2 (46)Olympus Mons is...

A) About 1/2 as tall as Mount EverestB) Slightly smaller than Mount EverestC) Almost exactly same as Mount EverestD) Slightly larger than Mount EverestE) About 2X as tall as Mount Everest

E

EX 2 (47)As the Moon orbits the Earth,

A) Same side faces EarthB) Same side stays in darknessC) Lit side always faces EarthD) All of the Above

A

EX 2 (48)The poles of the Earth's magnetic field are located at the poles of the Earth's rotation axis.

A) TrueB) False

B

EX 2 (49)In addition to Europa, both Ganymede and Callisto seem to have a liquid layer under their crust.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 2 (50)The escape velocity of a planet or star depends on the gravitational force at its surface.

A) TrueB) False

A

HW 2 (01)The nucleus of a comet resembles...

A) a dirty snowballB) material at the center of the earthC) material in the SunD) the makeup of Ceres

A

HW 2 (02)The primary constituent of Mars' atmosphere is...

A) NitrogenB) OxygenC) Sulfuric AcidD) HydrogenE) Carbon Dioxide

E

HW 2 (03)What principle allows us to calculate the mass of the Sun?

A) Kepler's 2nd law as he stated itB) Kepler's 2nd law as revised by NewtonC) Kepler's 3rd law as he stated itD) Kepler's 3rd law as revised by Newton

D

HW 2 (04)Mars would be expected to have seasons,...

A) and they are observed in the changing size of the frozen areas at the polesB) and they are observed in changes in vegetation over the planetC) but no evidence of seasons is visible from EarthD) but the only evidence has come from the recent Mars landing

A

HW 2 (05)The Great Red Spot is...

A) the top of a gigantic mountainB) condensation from winds off the top of a mountainC) a hole in the cloud cover of the planetD) an area of pollution in the atmosphereE) an enormous storm system

E

HW 2 (06)An occultation is the...

A) passing of 1 astronomical object in front of another as seen by observerB) disappearance of ring system when seen edge-onC) collision of 2 astronomical objects to produce a ring systemD) effect of a moon that causes a gap in a planet's ring system

A

HW 2 (07)The temperatures of Jupiter and Saturn are ________ by the energy received from the Sun and the energy they radiate.

A) lower than can be explainedB) higher than can be explainedC) fully accounted for

B

HW 2 (08)Pluto's rotational period is 6.4 days. Charon's period of revolution around Pluto is...

A) less than 6.4 daysB) also 6.4 daysC) greater than 6.4 daysD) Unknown

B

HW 2 (09)The Cassini division is found....

A) in the epsilon ring of UranusB) between the Galilean satellites and the ring of JupiterC) between Mars and Jupiter, where the asteroid belt is foundD) between the A and B rings of Saturn

A) There must have been friction that caused Sun's rotation to decreaseB) Tides caused Sun's rotation to decreaseC) Collisions with meteorites slowed Sun's rotationD) Sun's magnetic field exerted forces on ions in solar system, causing opposite force on Sun to slow it

D

HW 2 (18)Venus might be called Earth's sister planet because it is similar to the Earth in...

A) sizeB) massC) rotational periodD) A and BE) A and C

D

HW 2 (19)Jupiter's magnetosphere...

A) can be observed in radio wavelengthsB) envelops most of Jupiter's satellitesC) is supplied with large amounts of particles from Io's volcanic eruptionsD) All of the Above

D

HW 2 (20)A volatile element is one that...

A) exists as a gas only at a high tempB) exists as a gas at a relatively low tempC) burns at a relatively high tempD) burns at a relatively low tempE) Both A and C

B

ACT 09 (01)

Differentiation is the...

A) melting of volatile elements within a planet

B) separation by geologists of portions of the Earth

C) sinking of denser material toward the center of planets (or other objects)

D) heat flow from within the Earth

E) separation of the Earth's rotational north pole from its magnetic north pole

C

ACT 09 (02)

Continental drift is caused by...

A) precession of the equinoxes.

B) motion of plates within the Earth.

C) atmospheric heating and cooling.

D) atmospheric layering.

E) the fact that the Earth's magnetic poles are not the same as its rotation poles

B

ACT 09 (03)

On the Earth, the majority of earthquakes occur...

A) along regions of greatest thermal stress in arctic and antarctic regions

B) in the centers of tectonic plates (e.g., North American continent)

C) along the boundaries of major tectonic plates

D) along the zone of maximum tidal stress around the equator

C

ACT 10 (01)

The poles of the Earth's magnetic field are located at the poles of the Earth's rotation axis.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 10 (02)

The core of the Earth is thought to consist primarily of iron and nickel.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 10 (03)

The thick, solid layer between the crust and the core of the Earth is called the...

A) differentiation layer

B) mantle

C) polar cap

D) equatorial layer

E) temperate layer

B

ACT 11 (01)

Which of these planets has rings?

A) Uranus

B) Earth

C) Venus

D) Mars

E) Mercury

A

ACT 11 (02)

Which of these planets is least massive?

A) Uranus

B) Earth

C) Venus

D) Mars

E) Mercury

E

ACT 11 (03)Which of these planets is farthest from the Sun?

A) Uranus

B) Earth

C) Venus

D) Mars

E) Mercury

A

ACT 12 (01)

Today we use radar to measure the distances to the planets.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 12 (02)

All of the planets rotate in a counterclockwise direction as seen from far above the Earth's North Pole.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 12 (03)

The escape velocity of a planet or star depends on the gravitational force at its surface.

Every atmospheric gas has an escape velocity greater than the escape velocity of the Moon.

A) TrueB) False

A

ACT 13 (03)

The HST has found dust disks around other stars. This lends credence to...

A) catastrophe theories.

B) evolutionary theories.

C) both catastrophe and evolutionary theories.

D) neither catastrophe nor evolutionary theories

B

ACT 14 (01)

Mercury often appears in a really dark sky.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 14 (02)

Craters on Mercury have steeper walls than on the Moon.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 14 (03)

Mercury has a substantial atmosphere.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 15 (01)

Venus rotates in the same direction as the Earth.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 15 (02)Mars has seasons.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 15 (03)

Venus has a strong magnetic field.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 16 (01)

Water ice makes the bulk of both Martian polar caps.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 16 (02)

There seems to be a lot of water in Mars' atmosphere.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 16 (03)

Mars and Venus both have mountains higher than any on Earth.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 17 (01)

The interior conditions of Jupiter and Saturn are such that hydrogen acts much like a metal.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 17 (02)

All the Jovian planets emit more energy than they absorb from the Sun.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 17 (03)

Ammonia ice crystals and methane probably exist in the clouds of Jupiter and Saturn.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 18 (01)

Uranus and Neptune appear blue or blue-green in Voyager photographs.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 3 (01)A parsec is the...

A) distance Earth moves in its orbit in 1 secB) angle through which Earth moves in orbit in 1 secC) angle through which Earth turns on its acis in 1 secD) distance light travels in 1 secondE) distance of star when its parallax angle is 1 arc-sec

E

ACT 18 (03)

Io's volcanoes are probably due to tidal interactions with Jupiter and the other Galilean satellites.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 19 (01)

It is proposed that helium in Saturn's atmosphere condenses to a liquid and falls downward. This would explain the low percentage of helium in Saturn's atmosphere and it's...

A) lower-than-expected temperatures

B) higher-than-expected temperatures

C) prominent ring system

D) surface does not show great color variations

E) the bands across its surface

B

ACT 19 (02)

The ring system of Saturn consists primarily of...

A) large rocky particles.

B) ice or ice-covered particles.

C) large solid rings.

D) an unknown object or objects

B

ACT 19 (03)

The largest moon of Saturn is...

A) Phobos

B) Callisto

C) Ganymede

D) Triton

E) Titan

E

ACT 20 (01)

Which effect is now thought to be the most likely cause for spin axis of planets to their orbital planes?

A) An out-of-balance force on spin axes of planets from their moons, some of which are very massive

B) A major collision with another planet-like body

C) A steady force on one hemisphere of the planet

from the highly directional solar wind

D) Tidal distortion caused by neighboring planets

B

ACT 20 (02)

What gives Uranus its blue-green coloration?

A) Impurities of phosphorus and sulfur in otherwise white ice crystals of water, methane, and ammonia

B) Emission by blue and green spectral lines of ethane and propane

C) Absorption of red light by methane gas

D) Absorption of blue and green light by ammonia gas

C

ACT 20 (03)

Neptune's high cirrus clouds consist of...

A) ammonia ice crystals

B) crystals of water ice

C) droplets of sulfuric acid

D) methane ice crystals

D

ACT 21 (01)

Pluto has one known moon.

A) TrueB) False

B

ACT 21 (02)

In general, a comet's tail points away from the Sun.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 3 (02)If a star is relatively bright and cool, it must be relatively...

A) nearbyB) distantC) largeD) small

C

EX 3 (03)Sunspots are...

A) cooler and brighter than surrounding regionsB) cooler and darker than surrounding regionsC) hotter and darker than surrounding regionsD) hotter and brighter than surrounding regionsE) Two of the above, depending on the type of sunspots

A) changes in temperatures of stars as they revolveB) changes in the size of the stars as they revolveC) changes in the absolute magnitudes of the stars as they revolveD) the Doppler EffectE) A, B, AND C

D

ACT 18 (02)

The primary constituent of Saturn's ring system seems to be water ice.

A) True

B) False

A

EX 3 (14)The solar wind is...

A) gas flowing across the surface of the SunB) material flowing from the Sun out into spaceC) motion of granules across the Sun's surfaceD) motion of sunspots across the Sun's surface

B

EX 3 (15)The stellar thermostat operates in which of the following type of star?

A) main sequence starB) neutron starC) white dwarfD) black holeE) More than one of the above

A

EX 3 (16)Most stars are...

A) White DwarfsB) Main Sequence StarsC) Red GiantsD) Supergiants

B

EX 3 (17)The ions of loop prominences follow the patterns of magnetic field lines around areas of solar activity.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 3 (18)In the center of the Crab Nebula, we have detected...

A) a protostarB) a neutron starC) a black holeD) a white dwarfE) None of the Above

A) the fusion of iron in the core of a massive starB) the infall of material into a black holeC) the transfer of material onto a white dwarf in a double star systemD) the collapse of a protostarE) the death of a massive star and the formation of a black hole

C

EX 3 (21)A Type 1a supernova...

A) produces the core of a red giant starB) completely destroys the white dwarfC) has never been seen without a telescopeD) None of the Above

B

EX 3 (22)When a very massive star collapses to form a black hole, the size of the black hole (as determined by the event horizon) is...

A) very large, perhaps as large as the solar systemB) about the size of the orbit of the EarthC) about the size of the SunD) about the size of the EarthE) much smaller than the Earth

E

ACT 21 (03)

The object in space that causes a meteor in the atmosphere is called a “meteorite.”

A) TrueB) False

B

EX 3 (23)The larger the star in a binary combination is always the hotter of the two stars.

A) TrueB) False

B

EX 3 (24)Spectral absorption lines of the Sun are produced in its photosphere.

A) Right after main sequence stageB) Right after red giant stageC) Right after it explodes as a supernovaD) Right after it gives off a planetary nebulaE) Never

E

EX 3 (44)A regular "wobble" in the path of a star is evidence that it...

A) is a pulsarB) is a dying starC) is a Cepheid variableD) is a red giantE) has a companion revolving around it

E

EX 3 (45)A typical white dwarf star...

A) has a mass about same as Sun and is about half Sun's diameterB) has a mass slightly less than Sun and is about the size of EarthC) has a mass about one-hundredth of Sun and is about size of EarthD) is too small to be observed from Earth

A) a star undergoes a helium flashB) the collapse of a star's nucleus causes a shock wave that blows off the surrounding envelope of the starC) an F or G type main sequence star evolves explosively to the supergiant stageD) hydrogen is exhausted from the core of a star

HW 3 (01)The OBAFGKM classification of a star is determined by the star's...

A) temperatureB) parallax angleC) luminosity classD) distance

A

HW 3 (02)If the rate of hydrogen fusion within the Sun were to increase, the core would...

A) collapse, and the Sun would grow coolB) collapse and the Sun would heat furtherC) expand and therefore slow the fusionD) expand and therefore increase in temperature

C

HW 3 (03)The final fate of every star is to become a...

A) Black HoleB) Dwarf StarC) PulsarD) One of the Above, depending on the star's massE) None of the Above

D

HW 3 (04)In a manner of speaking, astronomers believe that stars are born, live out a lifetime, and eventually die.

A) TrueB) False

A

HW 3 (05)If a star's absolute magnitude is numerically equal to its apparent magnitude, what do we know about the star?

A) It is 1 parsec from usB) It is 10 parsecs from usC) It is 1 light year from usD) The star is a main sequence star

B

HW 3 (06)Older star clusters contain...

A) more hydrogen than do younger star clustersB) about an equal amount of each elementC) more heavy elements than do younger star clustersD) more iron than any other element

C

HW 3 (07)The number of sunspots...

A) has been decreasing since they were first recorded by GalileoB) has been increasing since they were first recorded by GalileoC) changes with a cycle of about 11 yearsD) changes with a cycle of about 104 years

C

HW 3 (08)The surface temperature of the Sun is about...

A) 6,000 KB) 60,000 KC) 600,000 KD) 6 million K

A

HW 3 (09)A typical white dwarf star...

A) has a mass about like the Sun and is about half the Sun's diameterB) has a mass slightly less than the Sun and is about the size of EarthC) has a mass about one-hundredth of the Sun and is about the size of the EarthD) is too small to be observed from Earth

B

HW 3 (10)The most massive element that can be formed by fusion with a release of energy is...

A) HeliumB) CarbonC) OxygenD) IronE) Uranium

D

HW 3 (11)Massive stars are believed to reach the main sequence...

A) after forming an emission nebulaB) sooner than stars of less massC) after undergoing a period of slight instabilityD) before achieving a T-Tauri state

A) are very distant and thus very dimB) are distributed preferentially in the sky, with more coming from the direction of the Galactic centerC) of short duration result from mergersD) of long duration result from explosions of very massive starsE) Both C and D

EX 4 (05)Observations from Type II supernovae suggest that the expansion of the universe is accelerating.

A) TrueB) False

B

EX 4 (06)A closed universe is one that...

A) Will eventually stop expandingB) Will never stop expandingC) Either of the above, depending upon the density of the universe

A

ACT 26 (03)

Cepheid variables are important because there is a relationship between their...

A) period of pulsation & their distance from Sun

B) aver. abs. magnitude & their distance from Sun

C) aver. abs. magnitude & their proper motion

D) aver. abs. magnitude & their period of pulsation

E) Doppler shift & their distance from Sun

D

EX 4 (07)Quasars are thought to be...

A) Mysterious Objects that seem to have no connection with more familiar objectsB) Nearby objects that have unknown energy sourcesC) Very old active galaxiesD) Very active nuclei of galaxies at cosmological distances

A) Mass of stars in local group and those in Virgo clusterB) Velocities of stars in Andromeda galaxy and those in Milky WayC) Visible Mass and mass calculated from Kepler's 3rd Law

C

ACT 27 (03)

The “stellar thermostat” is an instrument used by astronomers to measure the temperature of a star's interior.

A) TrueB) False

B

EX 4 (09)The Andromeda galaxy is...

A) a spiral galaxyB) an irregular galaxyC) an elliptical galaxy

A

EX 4 (10)Cosmology is the study of...

A) The life cycle of starsB) The place of planets in the grand scheme of stellar lifeC) The temperature and luminosity of distant galaxiesD) The past and future of the universe

D

ACT 28 (03)

The stellar thermostat operates in which of the following type of star?

A) main sequence star

B) neutron star

C) white dwarf

D) black hole

E) More than one of the above

A

EX 4 (11)The relationship between metallicity and age can be determined from star clusters of different ages.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 4 (12)A drawing of a model of an open universe looks like a...

A) flat planeB) spherical ballC) flattened, elliptical ballD) saddle

D

ACT 29 (03)

A star leaves the main sequence when...

A) the “helium flash” occurs.

B) the core starts fusing helium by the triple alpha process.

C) its core of hydrogen is depleted.

D) photo-disintegration starts to take place

C

EX 4 (13)A redshift in the spectrum of a galaxy would indicate...

A) its high temperatureB) its approach toward the observerC) its recession from the observerD) that it is not moving relative to the observer

C

EX 4 (14)The density wave theory holds that as the waves move around the Galaxy, they...

A) push stars nearer one another, therefore making that region appear brightB) cause stars to collide, thus resulting in big bright stars that form the spiral armsC) cause the formation of new stars by compressing the interstellar material

C

ACT 30 (03)

All the naturally occurring elements heavier than iron are believed to be produced in supernova explosions.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 4 (15)An open universe is one that will...

A) expand forever, never stoppingB) stop its expansion and contract, but then a new big bang may occurC) stop its expansion and contract, but a new big bang will not occurD) remain in its steady state

A

EX 4 (16)We can calculate the mass of the part of the Galaxy that is closer to the center than the Sun by using...

A) Copernicus' rules for the revolution of objectsB) Kepler's 3rd law as he wrote itC) Kepler's 3rd law as Newton revised itD) All of the above

C

EX 4 (17)Stars in galactic or open clusters are all about the same mass.

A) TrueB) False

B

EX 4 (18)Stars and clusters in the Galactic halo have highly eccentric orbits.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 4 (19)Of the following people, who proposed a Sun-centered model of the solar system in the 16th century?

A) the universe looks about the same in all directionsB) the universe is about the same at all timesC) the universe looks about the same from all locationsD) the same physical laws work throughout the universe

C

EX 4 (23)Globular clusters are _______ in shape and spend most of their time ________ the Galactic disk.

EX 4 (40)The object that causes the lensing effect in the case of gravitational lensing...

A) has to have large amounts of interstellar clouds so refraction can occurB) has to have large amounts of interstellar clouds so reflection can occurC) has to be large in sizeD) has to have a great mass

D

EX 4 (41)Radio waves from a radio galaxy can come from an area...

A) many times larger than the galaxy itselfB) only the size of the galactic diskC) only the size of the galactic nucleus

A

EX 4 (42)The source of the energy that comes from the Galactic nucleus seems to be due to...

A) nuclear reactions in the great numbers of stars there

B) collisions between stars there

C) matter falling into a giant black hole there

D) heat still retained there from the original formation of the Galaxy

C

EX 4 (43)Interstellar clouds require a triggering mechanism to cause them to develop into protostars.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 4 (44)The existence of the background radiation...

A) is not explained by big bang theories, but does not contradict themB) is predicted by big bang theoriesC) cannot be made to agree with big bang theories

EX 4 (46)The local group of galaxies and the Virgo cluster are members of the same supercluster of galaxies.

A) TrueB) False

A

EX 4 (47)Universality means that...

A) the universe looks about the same in all directionsB) the universe is about the same at all timesC) the universe looks about the same from all locationsD) the same physical laws work throughout the universe

HW 4 (15)Reflection nebulae appear _____ because of the scattering of ____ light by the particles of the nebulae.

A) red, blueB) red, redC) blue, redD) blue, blue

D

HW 4 (16)Interstellar cirrus is...

A) faint, diffuse dust clouds found throughout interstellar spaceB) dense clouds of gas and dust in the interstellar mediumC) dense clouds of dust in the interstellar mediumD) Both B and C

A

HW 4 (17)BL Lac objects are...

A) extremely luminous stars that vary in intensityB) extremely luminous stars that are thought to be some type of supernovaC) extremely luminous active galaxies that vary greatly in intensityD) Both B and C

C

HW 4 (18)The source of the energy that comes from the Galactic nucleus seems to be due to...

A) nuclear reactions in the great numbers of stars thereB) collisions between stars thereC) matter falling into a giant black hole thereD) heat still retained there from the original formation of the Galaxy

C

HW 4 (19)Which of the following is a correct mathematical statement of Hubble's law? (v=recessional velocity, H=Hubble Constant, d=distance)

A) d=H*vB) v=H*dC) H=d*v

B

HW 4 (20)A cocoon nebula surrounds...

A) a giant molecular cloudB) our SunC) a protostarD) a black dwarf, blocking out its light

C

ACT 31 (01)

The Sun is near the edge of the Galactic corona.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 31 (02)

The period-luminosity relation for Cepheid variables helped determine the distance to the center of the Galaxy.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 31 (03)

21-cm radiation is observed by radio telescopes.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 32 (01)

Stars and clusters in the Galactic halo have highly eccentric orbits.

A) TrueB) False

A

ACT 32 (02)

Open clusters are found...

A) primarily within the Galactic disk.

B) primarily in the halo around the Galaxy.

C) about equally in the disk and in the halo

A

ACT 32 (03)

Our Galaxy is part of...

A) the Hercules cluster

B) the Virgo cluster

C) the Local Group

D) the Large Magellanic Cloud

C

ACT 33 (01)

The Magellanic Clouds are...

A) giant molecular clouds far from the solar system

B) clouds within the solar system

C) extremely high atmospheric clouds

D) supernovae

E) galaxies

E

ACT 33 (02)

From the Sun, the center of the Galaxy is located in the constellation...

A) Ursa Major

B) Gemini

C) Orion

D) Sagittarius

E) Taurus

D

ACT 33 (03)

A supermassive black hole is present at the center of our Galaxy. This is based on...

A) infrared observations of the inner area of the Galactic nucleus.

B) observations of the orbit of star S2.

C) observations of X-ray variability from Sgr A*.

D) Both A and C above.

E) All of the above

E

ACT 34 (01)

Very few hot young stars are seen in irregular galaxies.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 34 (02)

Radar can be used to determine distances between galaxies in the local group.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 34 (03)

A Sc galaxy is more elliptical than an E7 galaxy.

A) True

B) False

B

ACT 35 (01)

An upper limit to the age of the universe is implied by the reciprocal of the Hubble constant.

A) True

B) False

A

ACT 35 (02)

Ptolemy's model of the universe placed the Earth in the center of all things.

A) TrueB) False

A

ACT 35 (03)

In Copernicus's model of the universe, the stars were thought to reside on a sphere just outside the farthest planetary orbits.