3.
A Mathematical Metaphor Picture a dynamical system with multiple equilibria Earthquake propelled us outside the basin of attraction of the status quo A sensitive path between chaos and status quo leads to a better equilibrium Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 3 / 36

4.
A Mathematical Metaphor Picture a dynamical system with multiple equilibria Earthquake propelled us outside the basin of attraction of the status quo A sensitive path between chaos and status quo leads to a better equilibrium reconstruction must solve this mammoth optimal control problem Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 3 / 36

6.
Community ResilienceIn 2009, the National Academies held a panel on the Applications of SocialNetwork Analysis for Building Community Disaster Resilience.Dr. Fran Norris of Dartmouth Medical School outlined: Social Capital Community Competence Economic Development and Robust Communication Infrastructuresas key ingredients for Community Resilience. Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 5 / 36

8.
Community Resilience in Haiti A population on the edge of survival forced to exhaust the scarce resources of the environment without much regard to their renewal Urban concentrations exhausting the land and paralyzing local initiatives Port-au-Prince hosted nearly 73, 400 inhabitants per square mile (2007) 843 per square mile in Haiti (2009) GDP 733 dollars per year counting the metropolitan area: 50 percent of the population living on 1.37 percent of the land Persistent social inequalities that drain the chances of fulﬁllment of most of the population Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 7 / 36

14.
Perspectives on Reconstruction Cities are Complex Systems/Organisms There is an urgent need for a sophisticated understanding and implementation of urban and regional planning Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 11 / 36

15.
Perspectives on Reconstruction Cities are Complex Systems/Organisms There is an urgent need for a sophisticated understanding and implementation of urban and regional planning A resilient reconstruction must be animated by the same principles that guide preparedeness and mitigation of risk Equity Information Growth Sustainability Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 11 / 36

18.
Port-au-Prince, Complexity and Resilience Adaptation: a signiﬁcant proportion of the population moves out of the aﬀected areas Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 13 / 36

19.
Port-au-Prince, Complexity and Resilience Adaptation: a signiﬁcant proportion of the population moves out of the aﬀected areas Interaction: the network of this movement is not only based on geographical distance Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 13 / 36

23.
Lessons from American CitiesIn 1961, Jane Jacobs published The Death and Life of Great AmericanCities, one of the most inﬂuencial volumes on urban planning. A critiqueof modernist planning, Jacobs: argues against artiﬁcial separation of land use as residential, commercial, and industrial favors a mixed, redundant and local approach to land/resource allocationVibrant cities are made of interacting neighborhoods and communities thatare multifaceted, multipurpose, and whose functionalities are redundant. Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 15 / 36

24.
Complex SystemsIn The Architecture of Complexity (1962), Herbert Simon wrote that: Roughly, by a complex system I mean one made up of a large number of parts that interact in a nonsimple way. In such systems, the whole is more than the sum of the parts, [. . . ] , given the properties of the parts and the laws of their interaction, it is not a trivial matter to infer the properties of the whole.” The study of complex systems originated in non-equilibrium statistical physics Recently social scientists have become increasingly interested in complex systems Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 16 / 36

26.
Resilience Resilience is property of a material that absorbs energy when deformed elastically; and releases this energy when it regains its shape. In The Resilient City (2005), Vale and Campanella, suggest that major modern cities are resilient as they are routinely able to rebound from disaster. Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 18 / 36

27.
Three Noteworthy Axiom of Resilience Resilience Beneﬁts from the Inertia of Prior Investment Disasters Reveal the Resilience of Governments Resilience Entails More than Rebuilding Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 19 / 36

28.
Tangshan, China July 28th 1976, the city of Tangshan is hit by a magnitude 7.8 earthquake over 250 thousand people killed, in a city of about one million. Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 20 / 36

29.
Tangshan, China July 28th 1976, the city of Tangshan is hit by a magnitude 7.8 earthquake over 250 thousand people killed, in a city of about one million. The city was rebuilt within a decade, by Chinese oﬃcials. In 2008, Tangshan’s population was over seven million, with a GDP per capita of 6, 817 dollars. Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 20 / 36

46.
Closing Remark Cities, Complexity, and Resilience Urban/Regional Planning Reconstruction is an issue of colossal importance In the aftermath of the second world war, the major issue of debate in Berlin, Nagasaki and Hiroshima was not: Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 36 / 36

47.
Closing Remark Cities, Complexity, and Resilience Urban/Regional Planning Reconstruction is an issue of colossal importance In the aftermath of the second world war, the major issue of debate in Berlin, Nagasaki and Hiroshima was not:election Verella () Building Resilience September 30, 2010 36 / 36