Hydraulic accumulating power plant with underground location of bottom pond and method of bottom pond tunnelling

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic accumulating power plant comprises a pond located on the earth surface, a water intake facility, a vertical shaft of a discharge water conduit, a communication shaft, aeration shafts, a vertical shaft of power discharge, a turbine room with aggregate blocks, a bottom pond with the main chambers and an inclined transport tunnel. The bottom pond additionally comprises short tunnels, connecting galleries, a switching chamber, discharge connecting water conduits and a distribution chamber. The main chambers of the bottom pond are made in the form of spirally arranged tunnels of round cross section in plan and are connected to each other by means of connecting galleries. Aggregate blocks of the plant unit by means of suction pipes and short tunnels are connected with the distribution chamber, which in its turn is connected with the main chambers of the bottom pond with the help of discharge connecting water conduits. The method for tunnelling of the bottom pond includes tunnelling of the main inclined transport tunnel from the surface to the underground structures with the help of a tunnelling mechanised complex and erection of the main chambers of the bottom pond. When the bottom pond main chambers are tunnelled, the switching chamber is arranged to redistribute rock discharge during tunnelling and to reduce length of rock discharge along a conveyor.

EFFECT: possibility to arrange high-discharge hydraulic accumulating power plants on plane territories, at large depths from 300 m to 2000 m, optimisation of works performance and maximum mechanisation of tunnelling of underground mines, by means of wide usage of efficient tunnelling mechanised complexes.

2 cl, 4 dwg

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering construction, in particular to the construction of the high-pressure pump storage power plants with underground location of the bottom of the pool.

High-pressure pumped from the underground pool is an environmentally friendly, highly manoeuvrable electric object capable of providing a comprehensive system of service: General primary, automatic secondary and tertiary regulation power, consumer-controlled load and synchronous compensator, prevention of emergency situations, the output of the power systems of accidents and other PSP differs from other energy sources your accommodation right in the centre of consumption, which allows with minimal loss of power to respond quickly to changing electrical loads. Moreover accommodation is pumped from the underground location of the lower basin on the plains, where topographic conditions impossible to build high-PSPP and where, as a rule, are major consumers of electricity.

Known hydroelectric power plant, including the upper pool, the station building and the bottom of the pool, made of several tunnels, which are arranged radially and are connected in the center by a vertical shaft, and their periphery the Naya part connected to the ring output (Patent SU # 1033628,
CL EV 9/00, published. 07.08.1983 year).

Disadvantages described PSPP are passing the lower basin drilling and blasting method, which increases the risks of collapse and the wood thrown, the significant cost of mounting such workings with regard to searches. In this arrangement, the hydraulic regime in the lower pool when emptying is not optimal because of the long ways of supplying water to the pumps. Additionally, when filling in this pool will be large fluctuations of the water, which increases the risks of collapse of the arch of the lower chambers of the pool.

The closest to the technical essence and the achieved result is a hydroelectric power plant with an underground location of the bottom of the pool that contains the pool, located on the earth's surface, water intake structure, a vertical shaft pressure conduit, communication mine, aeration shaft, a vertical shaft for power distribution, machine room with aggregate blocks, the bottom of the pool with the main chambers and inclined transport tunnel, as well as the method of penetration of the lower basin, including the sinking of the main inclined transport tunnel from the surface to underground structures using channelerotica mechanized complex and the construction of the main chambers of the lower basin (EN 2005128637, CL EV 9/00, published. 20.03.2007,).

The drawback described the PSPP is
in this construction the issuance of the breed is conducted either by pipeline or by using electrified rail transport over the entire length of the bottom of the pool, which substantially extends the length of the path of the issuance of waste rock. Also in this arrangement, provided that each unit is connected with its stand-alone section of a spiral, which necessitates the arrangement of the individual aeration mine for each Autonomous sections of the spiral. With this design substantially elongate draft tube units, and also there may be significant fluctuations in the waters of the lower pool, which increases the risks of collapse of the arch of the cameras.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to provide opportunities for the placement of the high-pressure PSPP on the plains, at great depths from 300 m to 2000 m, optimization of production work, and in the maximum of mechanised tunnelling underground workings through the wide use of productive channelerotica mechanized complexes (TBM).

This technical result is achieved by the fact that the pumped storage plant with underground location of the bottom of the pool that contains the pool, located on the earth's surface, water intake structure, a vertical shaft pressure conduit, communication Shah who,
aeration shaft, a vertical shaft for power distribution, machine room with aggregate blocks, the bottom of the pool with the main chambers and inclined transport tunnel, the bottom of the pool has an additional short tunnels, connecting galleries, a special camera switch, pressure connecting conduits, and control the camera, the main camera of the bottom of the pool is made in the form of a spiral tunnels located in terms of circular cross section, and the aggregate blocks of the station site through a suction pipe and short tunnels connected to a distribution chamber, which in turn is connected with the main chambers of the bottom of the pool using a pressure connecting conduits, and the main camera of the lower basin connected to each other by means of a connecting galleries and method of penetration of the lower basin, including the sinking of the main inclined transport tunnel from the surface to underground structures using channelerotica mechanized complex and the construction of the main chambers of the bottom of the pool, with the sinking of the main chambers of the lower basin construct a special camera switch to redistribute the issuance of the rock during drilling and reduce the length of the issuance of the breed through the pipeline.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows PL is n underground complex structures,
figure 2 - cross section of the bottom of the pool along b-B in figure 3 - transverse section of the PSP with the underground bottom of the pool along a-a; figure 4 is a section through the station site along a-A.

Part of the PSP with the underground bottom pool includes: upper pool 1 (reservoir), located on the earth's surface, water (water outlet) structure 2, penstock 3, station node with aggregate blocks 4, the distributing chamber 5, the pressure connecting conduits 6, the main camera of the lower basin 7, the main inclined transport tunnel 8, the communication shaft 9, a short tunnel 10, the connecting gallery 11, a special camera switch 12, aeration shaft 13, the vertical shaft of the power distribution 14.

The layout of the PSP provides for the implementation of the main chambers of the lower basin 7 in the form of a spiral tunnels located in terms of circular cross-section. Spirals are a continuation of the main inclined transport tunnel 8, which provides access to the depth of the main chambers of the lower basin. The inclined transport tunnel is performed using a TBM. Aggregate blocks of the station node 4 through the suction pipe and short tunnels 10 is connected to a distribution chamber 5, which serves for the distribution of fluids and reduce fluctuations in water levels in the main cameras n the life of the pool 7.
Distributing chamber 5 via the pressure connection of the conduits 6 are connected with the main chambers of the lower basin 7. The main camera of the lower basin 7 are connected to each other by means of a connecting galleries 11. The connecting gallery 11 and the special camera switch 12 allows to redistribute the issuance of the rock during drilling, thereby reducing the length of the issuance of the breed through the pipeline.

Station site aggregation units 4 located next to the main inclined transport tunnel 8. With this arrangement, the station site are provided with the minimum length of the transport rocks from the bottom to the point of origin of the breed, and the filling and emptying of the main chambers of the lower basin of water is provided for all units on the semicircle.

Described PSP works as follows.

In the hours upsurge of energy PSPP mode of power generation (turbine mode), and in the hours of surplus electricity in the grid mode consumer of electricity (pumping mode). In the turbine mode, water from the upper basin 1 through a water intake structure 2 is fed to the pressure conduit through which water is supplied to aggregate blocks of the station site 4. Using aggregate blocks the energy flow is converted into electricity and is thrown into the grid. After greatnow zone,
water flows through the suction pipe and short tunnels 10 in the distribution chamber 5, where extinguished major fluctuations. Through pressure connecting conduits 6 water enters the main chamber of the lower basin 7, where the used amount of water is accumulated. The main camera of the lower basin 7 are connected to each other by means of a connecting galleries 11. In pumping water from the main chambers of the lower basin 7 using aggregate blocks 4 is pumped into the upper pool 1, going way back. Thus, the main chamber of the lower basin 7 are emptied and again ready for a new cycle of generation.

The method of penetration of the lower basin hydroelectric pumped storage power plant according to the invention is carried out as follows. Perform the driving of the main inclined transport tunnel 8 from surface to underground structures using channelerotica mechanized complex. The tunnel are spiral in plan and in cross section it has the shape of a circle. The main inclined transport tunnel 8, made in the form of a spiral helps to make the approach to develop vertical shafts (penstock 3, communication of the shaft 9, aeration mine 13)that will accelerate the penetration of these mines. The slope of the tunnel, pick up the condition of technical features of the vehicles that provide removal of rocks and equipment is and the surface with depth (vehicles,
conveyors, rail transport). The diameter of the cross section of the transport tunnel can vary from 6 m to 19 m, and is selected depending on the conditions of transportation of heavy, oversized equipment, geological conditions and economic considerations. Transport tunnel can be as soft and rocky soil, and the lower pool and station site are in rocky soil.

After the construction of the road tunnel 8 immediately start drifting lower basin 7 one TBM, which is a continuation of the transport tunnel. If necessary, at the same time make the installation of the second TBM. The development of the lower basin's possible to have multiple TBM circular cross-section at the same time. The diameter of the TBM shall be chosen in the range from 6 m to 19 m, depending on the effective capacity of the lower basin, geological conditions and economic feasibility, namely:

- increasing the diameter TBM decreases the length of the bottom of the basin and, on the contrary, when reducing the diameter increases, the length of the bottom of the pool;

- increasing the diameter TBM increases the risk of cave-ins and wood thrown, which requires additional costs on the mount. With decreasing diameter, on the contrary, the risk of wood thrown and falling is reduced.

- must feasibility mapping to determine optimalisation TBM,
on the basis of the cost of securing and increasing the length of the bottom of the pool.

The parameters of cross-section (diameter) and the design of the lining of the main chambers of the lower basin and the transport tunnel in the rock mass is determined on the basis of the calculations. The calculation involves the determination of the stress-strain state (SSS) of the rock mass at the location of these underground workings. VAT calculation rocks perform the finite element method. In this method, for the given parameters generate adjacent the array is divided into individual elements (finite elements) in which with the help of modern computer programs determine the voltage and displacement.

The radius of the spirals of the lower pool is determined from the condition of the issuance of waste rock and capabilities TBM, i.e. a possible turning radius TBM and possible turning radius conveyor belt for reliable and trouble-free operation. Mounting openings defined by geological conditions and economic feasibility, i.e. when drilling the bottom of the pool in intact rocky soil requires a minimum lining in the form of anchors and spraying concrete on the grid, and in a weak fractured rocks requires a reinforced concrete lining of the chambers of the lower basin that leads to higher prices. After sinking the first spiral issuance of the designed rock produced through a special camera switch 12,
reducing the length of the path of the conveyor. The resulting tunneling generation are the main cells of the lower basin 7.

At the bottom of the pool is also building pressure connecting conduits 6 and the distribution chamber 5 and the connecting gallery 11. Distributing chamber 5 serves for the distribution of fluids and reduce fluctuations in water levels in the main chambers of the lower basin. The connecting gallery 11 serve to ensure free flow of water from one chamber to another, improving the hydraulic mode. This construction of the lower basin and the location of the station site allows you to ensure that the filling and emptying of water for all units on the semicircle.

Simultaneously with the driving of the main chambers of the lower basin 7 construct the station site with aggregate blocks of 4 next to the main inclined transport tunnel (with this arrangement, the station site provide minimum length transport rocks from the bottom to the outlet of the breed); draft tube aggregate blocks 4, which are connected by short tunnels 10 with the distribution chamber 5; a pressure connecting conduits 6 and the distribution chamber 5, which serves for the distribution of fluids and reduce fluctuations in water levels in the main chambers of the bottom of the pool.

Communication mines is 9,
required in the operational period for the delivery of personnel and small cargo, ventilation and aeration and gaskets communication is built simultaneously with the main structures of the underground complex.

The use of the invention in comparison with known constructions PSP and methods of their construction with minimal environmental damage provides:

- ability to reduce construction time due to the continuous maintenance of underground work using high-performance channelerotica mechanized complexes;

- ability to create the underground bottom of the pool in a weak and fractured rocky soil.

1. Pumped storage power plant with an underground location of the bottom of the pool that contains the pool, located on the earth's surface, water intake structure, a vertical shaft pressure conduit, communication mine, aeration shaft, a vertical shaft for power distribution, machine room with aggregate blocks, the bottom of the pool with the main chambers and inclined transport tunnel, characterized in that the lower pool has an additional short tunnels, connecting gallery, camera switch, pressure connecting conduits and distribution chamber, the main chamber the bottom of the pool is made as a spiral tunnels located in terms of circular cross section,
and aggregate blocks of the station site through a suction pipe and short tunnels connected to a distribution chamber, which in turn is connected with the main chambers of the bottom of the pool using a pressure connecting conduits, and the main camera of the lower basin are connected to each other by means of a connecting galleries.

2. The method of penetration of the lower basin, including the sinking of the main inclined transport tunnel from the surface to underground structures using channelerotica mechanized complex and the construction of the main chambers of the lower basin, characterized in that the excavation of the main chambers of the lower basin invented the camera switch to redistribute the issuance of the rock during drilling and reduce the length of the issuance of the breed through the pipeline.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic accumulating power station comprises a pool located on earth surface, a water intake facility, a vertical discharge water duct, a communication shaft, an aeration shaft, an inclined shaft of power delivery, a station unit with hydraulic units, a lower pool with main chambers and an inclined transport tunnel. The lower pool additionally contains short tunnels, connecting galleries, discharge connecting water ducts and a distributing chamber. Main chambers of the lower pool are made in the form of helically arranged tunnels in plan. The station unit with hydraulic units is placed in the centre of spirals of the lower pool. Hydraulic units of the station unit by means of suction pipes and short tunnels are connected with the distributing chamber, which by means of discharge connecting water ducts arranged radially relative to it, is connected with the main chambers of the lower pool. The lower pool is tunnelled by a combined method consisting in tunnelling of the main inclined transport tunnel from the surface to underground facilities with the help of a tunnelling mechanised complex and arrangement of main chambers of the lower pool. At the same time in parallel to the main inclined tunnel an additional transport tunnel is arranged, and then the lower pool is arranged, which is a continuation of transport tunnels. The lower pool is arranged in two stages: at the first stage a pilot mine is tunnelled with an open tunnelling mechanised complex, and at the second stage, using blast-hole drilling, it is finalised to design contour. Simultaneously with tunnelling of the main chambers of the lower pool they arrange a station unit with hydraulic units, which is located in the centre of spirals of the lower pool.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to solve a problem of placement of high-discharge hydraulic accumulating power plants in plain territories, by arrangement of a lower pool and a discharge station unit under earth at depths from 300 m to 2000 m, and to optimise works performance and to mechanise tunnelling of underground mines to the maximum, through joint usage of open production tunnelling mechanised complexes and up-to-date equipment complex for performance of blast-hole drilling.

SUBSTANCE: method for construction and support of mines under complicated mining and geological conditions includes formation of an unloading cavity in front of a bottomhole with irreducible advancing, introduction of two rows of pneumatic balloons with a shield into the unloading cavity, lifting of the shield to the level of the mine roof, creation of a thrust between the cavity roof and pneumatic balloons by means of compressed air supply into pneumatic balloons, extraction of rock under the shield by the pitch of permanent support frames installation, and installation of stands and the beam of the permanent support under the shield. At the same time an additional unloading cavity is developed in the mine sides, and installation of the permanent support beam is carried out between rows of pneumatic balloons from the cavity of the mine arranged in the sides. Afterwards the permanent support stands under the shield are fixed to the support beams, the thrust is removed from the pneumatic balloons of the first row by means of exhaust of compressed air, and pneumatic balloons are extracted into the fixed part of the mine. Rock under the shield is removed by the pitch of permanent support frames installation, the thrust is removed from the pneumatic balloons of the second row by means of exhaust of compressed air, and pneumatic balloons are extracted into the fixed part of the mine. Then the unloading cavity is constructed to the initial depth, and operations are repeated.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and safety of construction and support of developing entries under complicated mining and geological conditions.

SUBSTANCE: mobile small hydro-electric station of sleeve type with a transverse jet turbine includes a water-retaining shell fixed in the upper part due to back stays and guy lines of fitting to coastal anchor supports, and in the lower part by means of a unit of fixation to an apron fixed by bed anchors to the bottom of the watercourse. The water-retaining shell has cuts at the side of coastal abutments symmetrically relative to a flexible sleeve for provision of its protection against direct exposure of the flow as it overflows via a crest into a lower reach. A hydraulic unit is installed on a water-filled shell jointly with the flexible sleeve and has a flow rate controller and a servodrive, which provide for its most optimal operation.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to create a temporary hydroeconomic unit that solves local power supply, irrigation, water supply, fish farming, and also provides for confinement of forest fire spread, provides for the possibility of multiple usage of the proposed structure under emergency situations.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic accumulating power station comprises a pool located on earth surface, a water intake facility, a vertical discharge water duct, a communication shaft, an aeration shaft, an inclined shaft of power delivery, a station unit with hydraulic units, a lower pool with main chambers and an inclined transport tunnel. The lower pool additionally contains short tunnels, connecting galleries, discharge connecting water ducts and a distributing chamber. Main chambers of the lower pool are made in the form of helically arranged tunnels in plan. The station unit with hydraulic units is placed in the centre of spirals of the lower pool. Hydraulic units of the station unit by means of suction pipes and short tunnels are connected with the distributing chamber, which by means of discharge connecting water ducts arranged radially relative to it, is connected with the main chambers of the lower pool. The lower pool is tunnelled by a combined method consisting in tunnelling of the main inclined transport tunnel from the surface to underground facilities with the help of a tunnelling mechanised complex and arrangement of main chambers of the lower pool. At the same time in parallel to the main inclined tunnel an additional transport tunnel is arranged, and then the lower pool is arranged, which is a continuation of transport tunnels. The lower pool is arranged in two stages: at the first stage a pilot mine is tunnelled with an open tunnelling mechanised complex, and at the second stage, using blast-hole drilling, it is finalised to design contour. Simultaneously with tunnelling of the main chambers of the lower pool they arrange a station unit with hydraulic units, which is located in the centre of spirals of the lower pool.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to solve a problem of placement of high-discharge hydraulic accumulating power plants in plain territories, by arrangement of a lower pool and a discharge station unit under earth at depths from 300 m to 2000 m, and to optimise works performance and to mechanise tunnelling of underground mines to the maximum, through joint usage of open production tunnelling mechanised complexes and up-to-date equipment complex for performance of blast-hole drilling.

SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric plant includes a housing made in the form of a vertical cylindrical chamber and a cylinder installed inside it at some distance, which form a composite channel, a compressor station interconnected via an air pipeline to a receiving chamber, a hydrojet turbine with the main generator, which is installed at the outlet of the turbine pipeline located in upper part of the receiving chamber, working fluid storage and level sensors. The plant is equipped with Pelton-type turbines with generators, the first and the second elevated tanks, additional level sensors, one of which is located in the first elevated tank, and the second one is located in the second elevated tank, and an air tank interconnected via an additional air pipeline with a check valve to the first elevated tank. Elevated tanks are installed inside upper part of the cylinder. The first elevated tank has the shape of a funnel, which is connected in the middle to the turbine pipeline. The second elevated tank is put on the first elevated tank and equipped with pressure hoses located in the first tank so that their outlets are located above the funnel opening of the first elevated tank. Pelton-type turbines are installed opposite nozzles of the hydrojet turbine along the perimeter of the receiving chamber. The receiving channel connects the receiving chamber to the second elevated tank. The storage is located in upper part of the housing. On pressure hoses and at the inlet of the turbine pipeline there installed are valves, and on some shafts with turbines there installed are flywheels.

EFFECT: lower consumption of power required for water return to water storage reservoir.

SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric power plant includes a channel connected to a water reservoir initiating a dynamic flow and orthogonal turbines located inside the channel. The channel represents a pipe consisting of connecting links and provided with the turbines equally spaced throughout the pipe length. Turbines are made in the form of tubular modules with a drive shaft outlet and have the possibility of installing the modules between the connecting links of the pipe. In addition, annular elements of aerodynamic profile are fixed in modules.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of a hydroelectric power plant, lower structural complexity and metal consumption of the device, improved manufacturability, installation and operation and uniform distribution of loads between turbines.

SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric power plant includes water intake located outside bed of river, main capacity, pressure waterway and waterway of turbines. Along the whole bed of river there arranged is n regulating water reservoirs for water collection, each of which is equipped with a filling channel connected to the river bed and made in upper place as to level and dam with the height of up to upper level, which is made in lower place as to level. Discharge pipeline interconnected with river bed and equipped with a gate valve is installed at lower point of each regulating water reservoir. The main capacity is made in the form of the main water reservoir located below regulating water reservoirs in the section with high level difference and equipped with filling channel connected to the river bed, and dam with height of up to upper level, which are made in upper and lower places respectively as to water level. Pressure waterway is installed downstream as to level of the main water reservoir and made in the form of pressure pipelines with length of not less than 12-15 km depending on river water level difference in order to obtain the required head, which leave the main water reservoir. Pressure pipelines consist of winter pressure pipeline for minimum water flow rate and n summer pressure pipelines for maximum water flow rate. Pressure pipelines are connected to turbine waterway. Hydroelectric power plant also includes compensation water body located at the head level of turbine waterway, which is connected to waterway of turbines and equipped with pump group.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to hydroelectric power plants. Hydroelectric power plant includes runner 2 fully submerged into water and installed so that it can be rotated, housing with half-round groove, which encloses runner 2 on one side. The other side of runner 2 is located in water stream. Runner 2 is provided with horizontal rotation axis. Housing is arranged at the river bottom and hinged on the ends of arms the other ends of which are hinged to the piles mounted into the river bottom. External surface of the housing is concentric to the groove, equipped with radially located soil washing-out nozzles, as well as cutters. Hydroelectric power plant is provided with a drive to perform backward swinging movement of the housing relative to the arms.

EFFECT: simplifying the manufacturing technology and reducing the cost of hydroelectric power plant.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic power unit comprises a water intake, a discharge water conduit, a turbine and a drive of its generators. The hydraulic power unit water intake is made in the form of an artificial reservoir, which is built near a river. A water intake part of the discharge water conduit is connected to the artificial reservoir, and its upper edge is arranged at the level of or below the deepest natural point of the river bottom in a site of the artificial reservoir. The artificial reservoir is connected to the river by a canal or a water conduit, the bottom of which is made in the same manner at the level of or below the deepest natural point of the river bottom.

EFFECT: invention excludes impact of hydraulic power units and their construction at ecology of rivers and streams, where they are built.

SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric power station at water flow in cut-off basin with natural or artificial water head contains eddies in cylindrical basin and central neck of discharge outlet. With forced water flow along horizontal plane cylindrical basin 1 contains along the axis accelerator 2 with blasting chamber 3 on the one side and spreader 6 on the other side. Spread flow is directed between two side oval abutments 4 at turbine blade 5 with horizontal axis of rotation, which is installed at edge of spreader 6. Rotation of turbine 5 is transferred to gearbox 7 and generator 8. Gearbox 7 and generator 8 are located outside basin 1. Spreader 6 spreads flow into two sleeves and directs them to two lateral sides of basin 1. Then flow turns around oval abutments 4 and then directed to jet of accelerator 2.

EFFECT: device allows creation of completely independent power generation plant that does not require dam or derivational water heads and location in direct vicinity to rivers; it allows use of pressure derivation of natural water flow.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic power plant includes a water reservoir, for instance, a river, a water intake, by means of which it is communicated in its upper course with the upper end of a supplying tunnel discharge water conduit, the lower part of which is connected with a hydraulic unit, the outlet of which is communicated with a discharge water conduit, or with a discharge tunnel water conduit, the lower end of which - with the drainage zone, for instance, with the river in its lower course. The hydraulic unit comprises a hydraulic machine, for instance, a hydraulic turbine, installed in the water conduit and kinematically connected with an electric generator. The outlet of the electric generator is connected with an electric converter, to which an electric load is connected. The supplying tunnel discharge water conduit is a directionally drilled well, and the discharge water conduit is either a directionally drilled well, or a canal.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to expand the conditions of the hydraulic power plant application up to practically everywhere in mountain environment and to obtain all advantages of renewable energy sources during its operation.

SUBSTANCE: building design includes the lower part of the building in the form of wells with circular contour, arranged along the longitudinal axis of the building and connected to the massif of the upper part of the building. The second and subsequent wells of circular contour are made with incomplete contour and are connected with their ends to a previous well above and below the longitudinal axis of the building at the distance from the longitudinal axis. The method is carried out by means of making circular contour wells from the pit surface by the method of slurry wall, soil extraction from the well cavities and concreting structural elements in their cavity. The first well is made, then the second and subsequent wells with incomplete contour, connecting them with the ends of the first (previous) well. The soil is extracted from the cavity of the first and subsequent wells, and structures are concreted in the cavity of the first well and subsequent wells. After the lower part of the building is completed in the form of wells connected to each other and with concreting of structures in their cavity, the upper part of the building is concreted to make a single structure of the building.

EFFECT: improved stress-deformed condition of the building and reduced filtration in the building foundation by development of a solid anti-filtration curtain.

FIELD: hydraulic and hydropower engineering, particularly for building water-retaining structures to provide power supply to small settlements and farms.

SUBSTANCE: method involves assembling flexible apron assembly consisted of flexible floor apron and flexible downstream apron in watercourse; securing thereof to watercourse bottom by anchors. Water outlet assembly including hydroelectric generator arranged inside it is secured to floor apron and downstream apron by rigid ties. Connected to water outlet assembly by ties are water retaining shell and rope system secured to anchor poles located on watercourse bank.

EFFECT: reduced time of structure assembling and costs for electric power generation.

FIELD: hydraulic engineering, particularly for passing maximal flood water volumes when it is impossible to transmit thereof through hydroelectric generator.

SUBSTANCE: structure comprises water discharge orifice with gate, hydraulic generator unit with turbine chamber connected with deep -seated water line by suction tube leading to waterway chute located in upper part of hydraulic generator unit and provided with duplicate gate. Opening is formed in deep -seated water line located in area of abutment thereof to turbine chamber. Additional gate is installed in the opening. Water discharge orifice is connected with the opening and waterway chute. Curtain wall forming deep -seated water line is installed in water discharge orifice area. Additional gate is made as a valve with two-sided lining pivotally connected with turbine chamber roof part. Bulwark may be detachably installed in front part of the structure.

EFFECT: increased operational reliability due to prevention of discharged water entrance in waterway part of turbine chamber, possibility of structure connection to surface spillway structure, for instance to concrete dam.

SUBSTANCE: pumped-storage station comprises upper and lower accumulation pools connected with each other by means of pressure waterway, hydroelectric generators and supplementary equipment. Upper accumulation pool is arranged in completed breakage heading of upper horizon adjoining shaft or in waste dump formed on ground surface during deposit development. Lower accumulation pool is located in completed breakage heading of lower horizon adjoining the shaft. Each accumulation pool located in completed breakage heading is made as breakage headings communicated with each other through cross headings passing through barrier pillars in upper and lower parts thereof. The breakage headings are separated from active mines with water-tight partitions and connected with atmosphere through inclined cross-headings extending from the shaft. Hydroelectric generators are installed in headings made at shaft bottom in lower horizon. Pressure waterway is arranged in shaft.

SUBSTANCE: proposed hydroelectric power station is designed for power generation using energy of flow spring or river. Proposed hydroelectric power station includes diversion dam, diversion cone, head, conduit, action turbine, current generator with drive. Diversion cone is made only in horizontal plane, input of bottom spillway and input of diversion cone are arranged in one plane and heat room is installed over them on top of dam, whose wall pointed to side of water storage is arranged before dam, and its lower edge is deepened to value of freezing of water storage. Action turbine is made in form of disk with volute buckets. Each nozzle of head conduit is made in for, of cone connected with gate of head conduit trough intermediate link of conduit. Additional dc generator is used as braking system to stabilize speed of action turbine. Shaft of said generator is coupled with shaft of main generator, and current from three-phase circuit of main generator is supplied to field winding of additional generator through diode bridge. Moreover, rheostat is used in field winding control circuit of main generator controlled by centrifugal pusher, for instance, of Watt system whose shaft is also coupled with shaft of main generator.

EFFECT: increased power output and provision of constant frequency of current.

FIELD: hydraulic structures for electric power generation and shore protection against storm.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic system comprises load-bearing reinforced concrete structure shaped as support cellular boom and floating means made as landing-stage provided with generator and turbines installed on the landing-stage. Support cellular boom and floating means are connected with each other by means of guiding structure of composite material placed in metal case formed as ramp. Landing-stage is shaped as three-dimensional structure of composite material, namely as triangular or polyhedral prism, which defines closed space with opened cavities communicated with each other and used as pneumatic generators. The landing-stage is connected to guiding ramp by means of hinges spaced apart in vertical direction and creating rigidity triangle. The ramp is fastened to load-bearing structure by means of rigid tie. Generator turbines are communicated with opened landing-stage cavity through inlet and outlet air ducts. Boom cells are hollow and adapted to be filled with water ballast. The cells are supported and unsupported and connected with each other by means of reinforced concrete panel.

EFFECT: possibility of wave usage for electric power generation along with shore protection, possibility to use the system as artificial island, for instance for seaside recreation and entertainment.

SUBSTANCE: water-power plant comprises hydraulic turbine installed at turbine pipeline outlet and provided with generator, receiving chamber, shutoff fittings and compression station communicated with receiving chamber through air channel comprising check valve. Turbine pipeline is connected with storage facility. Air channel is located over hydraulic turbine. One level sensor is arranged in receiving chamber, another one is installed in storage facility. Plant body is made as vertical cylindrical shell and cylinder installed in the shell and spaced apart therefrom. Cylindrical shell and cylinder define composite channel, which connects receiving chamber with storage facility. Upper cylinder part is bent through 90° for liquid discharge into storage facility. Upper cylinder end has two orifices, namely air bleeding one and filling orifice for storage facility filling. Magnets are arranged along end perimeter and along perimeter of upper part of inner cylindrical chamber side. Upper storage facility part is located inside upper cylinder part. Lower storage facility part is funnel-shaped and is connected with turbine pipeline in center thereof. Upper part of turbine pipeline passes in vertical cylindrical body for shutoff fitting receiving. Receiving chamber body is made as funnel expanding downwards and having edges connected with lower cylinder part. Upper funnel part is oval and receives turbine pipeline outlet, hydraulic turbine and generator. Turbine blades have magnets. The shutoff fitting is cap installed inside vertical cylindrical shell having liquid circulation orifices in lower part thereof. The cap is connected to electric drive rod. The liquid is ferrofluid.