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Abstract

It is well known to provide 3-dimensional pictures as book illustrations and novelty greeting cards. In this type of illustration, there can be produced the type wherein the picture changes with the angle of viewing. To provide such pictures, a lenticular lens is bonded to a piece of paper on which a pattern of lines is printed. The pattern consists of sets of parallel lines and each parallel set of lines is offset from each other so that the lens shows only one set at a time. If the sets are different, then the viewer sees a different picture at different angles.

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English (United States)

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Computer Generation of 3D Pictures

It is well known to provide 3-dimensional pictures as book illustrations and
novelty greeting cards. In this type of illustration, there can be produced the type
wherein the picture changes with the angle of viewing. To provide such pictures,
a lenticular lens is bonded to a piece of paper on which a pattern of lines is
printed. The pattern consists of sets of parallel lines and each parallel set of
lines is offset from each other so that the lens shows only one set at a time. If
the sets are different, then the viewer sees a different picture at different angles.

It can readily be appreciated that the production of such type
of changeable 3D pictures requires expensive photographic processing.
In addition, the depth provided in these pictures is not inherently
obvious without the use of the lenticular lens.

There is, detailed hereinbelow, a method for generating 3D pictures by
computer. This type of generation is substantially less expensive than the known
photographic processing type of generation. In addition, the computer generated
type of 3D pictures, in accordance with this method provides substantially more
precise depth.

In Fig. 1A, there is shown the type of paper presently utilized in photographic
processes to provide pictures which change with the angle of viewing. Thus, as
shown in Fig. 1A, a lenticular lens 10 is bonded to a piece of paper 12 upon
which a pattern of lines 14 are printed. The elements of lens 10 and the line
pattern 12 have to be parallel. The spacing of each section 16 of lenticular lens
10 is suitably from about 0.007 to 0.025 inch. Fig. 1B shows the distribution of
parallel lines on paper 12. Figs. 1C, 1D and 1E illustrate a viewing of images
through a lenticular lens. Thus, let it be assumed that on sheet 12 as shown in
Fig. 1E, there are present and offset from each other the line set A as shown in
Fig. 1C, and the line set B as shown in Fig. 1D. When line set A is viewed from
the angle as shown in Fig. 1E, then the triangle is seen with the apex above the
base. However, in the view from point B, as shown in Fig. 1E, the triangle is
seen as inverted. Notations 18 on Figs. 1C and 1D indicate the spacing
corresponding to the portion of lenticular lens 10, which has been denoted by
numeral 16 in Fig. 1A. The notation 20 indicates the offset of the patterns of Figs.
1C and Fig. 1D which is equal to one-half of spacing 18. The distance 22 shown
in Fig. 1E is the focal depth of the lenticular lens. The lens, of course, is focused
on the plane of sheet 12.

In Fig. 2, there is shown a changeable picture generated by a computer in
accordance with a method disclosed herein where a circle of white shifts with
changes in viewing angle. The picture depicted in Fig. 2 was produced by a
plotter output device of a computer and has several different pictures.

In Figs. 3A-3F, there are shown how changeable 3D pictures can be set up to
simulate changes in viewpoint. Thus, for examp...