The assumption throughout this text is that you are an adult and in charge of your personal sexual choices. Throughout your life, it is your responsibility to make decisions that are right for you that you can feel good about and that do not harm anyone else

Personal Choice and Responsibility

o you are an adult and in charge of your personal sexual choices.

Authoritative information

The content of this text is based on the most up-to-date, scientific, and accurate research available

Acceptance of your own sexuality

This text highlights the importance of developing your personal sexual philosophy, so that you are in charge of the sexual situations in your life instead of the other way around

Acceptance of Your Own Sexuality

The importance of developing your personal sexual philosophy, so that you are in charge of the sexual situations in your life instead of the other way around.

Real-life relevancy

Every effort has been made to ensure that this text is relevant and meaningful.

Physical and Emotional Health and Wellness

This text is designed to focus on specific as well as general sexual health issues and to decrease your discomfort in seeking care and treatment for sexual problems, if necessary

Physical and Emotional Health and Wellness

Focusses on specific as well as general sexual health issues and to decrease your discomfort in seeking care and treatment for sexual problems, if necessary.

Critical analysis of research and information about sexuality

This text will give you the ability to evaluate, intelligently and critically, the vast amount of sexual information you are receiving- both from the median and your social interactions with others

Awareness and respect for sexual diversity

The information in this text will assist you in understanding the world around you and how and where you fit into it; this mosaic of diversity plays a major role in making human sexuality such a rich and fascinating study

Awareness and Respect for Sexual Diversity:

o assists you in understanding the world around you and how and where you fit into it; this mosaic of diversity plays a major role in making human sexuality such a rich and fascinating study.

Asexual

Without sexual feelings or associations

Asexual

devoid of sexuality. an asexual is someone who doesn't experience sexual attraction

Consent/Consensual sex

sexual activity happens when each partner willingly chooses to participate

Denoting or relating to a world view that promotes heterosexuality as the normal or preferred sexual orientation

heteronormative

o a belief or assumption that all people are heterosexual, or that heterosexuality is the default or “normal” state of human being

heteronormative

belief that people fall into distinct complementary genders (man and woman) with natural roles in life

Intersectionality

the interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender as they apply to a given individual or group

intersectionality

o the interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender as they apple to a given individual or group, regarded as creating overlapping and interdependent systems of discrimination or disadvantage

intersectionality

the interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender as they apply to a given interdependent system of disadvantage

Othering

making other people seem like the out group and declaring yourself as in-group

othering

o used as a verb refers to viewing or treating a person or group of people as intrinsically different from an alien to oneself

othering

view or treat a person or group of people as intrinsically different from and alien to oneself

Privilege

a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people

privilege

a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people
Queer: an umbrella term sometimes used

Queer

liking the opposite gender of, gay

Queer

historically a term considered more derogatory; currently being reclaimed by some to describe their sexual orientation in a broader way

queer

sometimes used by LGBTQA people to refer to the entire LGBT community. An alternative that some people use to “queer” the idea of the labels and categories such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, etc

queer

strange or odd; now used as a term to explain nonheterosexuals

Sex positive

all sex and sexual things are positive as long as it’s consensual

sex positive

pertaining to being comfortable with one's own sexuality and with sexuality in general

sex positive

idea that all sex, as long as healthy and consensual, is positive

“sex positivity” as presented in the articles for Assignment 1

Not giving shame to genitals and embracing sexual behavior

underlying point shown through the presentation of Rubin’s concept of the “charmed wheel”?

Rubin argues that sexuality is sorted into “good” or “bad” based on a set of hierarchies that are continuously redrawn based on current discourses of sex from influences such as religion, popular psychology, the media, politics, families, cultural influences, etc.

Experts from which disciplines study sexuality?

Sexologist

What is the definition of a sexologist?

experts on sex, specialize in scientific human sex

three fields of professional practice in sexology?

Research, sexual education, and clinical practice

Specifically be able to determine what “types of surveys” would be preferred to gain the most honest responses

Self-administered written questionnaire, face-to-face interviews, interviews conducted over the telephone, and internet surveys

Why is correlational research a popular methodology in sexuality studies?

Intern surveys offer far-reaching and powerful opportunities for all psychological research

Why is correlational research a popular methodology in sexuality studies?

-researchers typically cannot control people’s sexual behaviors as would be necessary for an experiment. What people report about their sexual behavior or other relevant variables that we can ethically discover about them can be studied by examining how the variables relate to each other in a predictive way.

what are typical findings related to penis size

Penis size have been found to be an average of 5-6.5 inches; Penis size plays no role in sensation for female’s vagina

Are there correlations to factors such as race, height

The size of the penis comes from race and height

And who is more concerned about penis size – men or women?

Research says that penis size is significantly less important to women than men

What is the role of the epididymis

When sperm cells are formed, they migrate in an immature state to the epididymis- a crescent shape structure on each testicle where sperm cells are stored until matured.

What is the role of the prostate gland

a gland in males surrounding the urethra that produces the largest proportion of seminal fluid

What is the role of the vas deferens

A tube extending from the testicle into the male’s body for the transport of mature sperm cells during ejaculation

What happens to sperm that is not ejaculated

It stays in the seminal vesicles and eventually gets broken down and recycles back into the body

what happens to sperm that is not ejaculated?

reabsorbed by the man's body

What are the three most important issues related to testicular cancer?

1) most young men are unaware of their risk

2) they do not know that they should be examining their own testicles once each month for lumps

3) they have no idea how to perform a TSE.

3 most important issues related to testicular cancer?

1) most men are unawre of their risk 2) They do not know that they should be examining their own testicles once a month for lumps, irregularities, swelling, and other changes that may be an early sign of cancer. 3) they have no idea how to perform a self exam

At what age should men start doing testicular self-examinations

TSE should begin at the age of 14

How do you do a TSE?

Check for swelling, examine each testicle with both hands, place index and middle fingers under testicle with the thumb placed on top, roll the testicle, find the epididymis, and feel if there is a lump

typically considered within a dichotomous view along a continuum of masculine to feminine

gender

masculinity-femininity dimension of our basic nature as humans

Gender expression

how we communicate our gender identity to others

Gender expression

how we communicate our sex/gender to others

Gender roles

culturally defined “standards” of how gender should be expressed, including expectations related to behaviors, attitudes, emotions traits, mannerisms, appearances, etc

At what point of pregnancy can they be distinguished?

The twelfth week of pregnancy is when genitals can be distinguished

Intersex

a person who is born with “sex chromosomes” external genitalia or an internal reproductive system that is not considered “standard” for with male or female

intersex

doesn't fit standard male/female binary

intersex

born with sexual anatomy that is neither completely male nor female, but a combination of both

Accord Alliance

a website offering comprehensive and integrated approaches to care that enhance the health and well-being of people and families affected by disorders of sex development”

what is the current recommendations for surgery of babies with disorders of sex development (DSD

Leave their genitals intact and have them decide their gender

The Overlapping Curve Model of Gender Differences

A graphic representation of how two groups who differ on a particular attribute often share the characteristic who differ on a particular attribute often share the characteristic to varying degrees and are not mutually exclusive

The Overlapping Curve Model of Gender Differences

o Can be applied to virtually all true gender differences in behavior. Most women and men have some overlap in aggression.

Androgynous

a person who embodies both masculine and feminine traits and behaviors

factors that contribute to our understanding of sexual orientation and what determines sexual orientation?

capability of attraction to others regardless of their gender identity or biological sex. Can be open to someone who is male, female, transgender, intersex, agendered/gender queer. Someone who can fall in love with their overall characteristic.

pansexual

not attracted to a gender

pansexual

capability of attraction to others regardless of their gender identity or biological sex

Ally

heterosexual person who appreciated and embraces people who identify across the spectrum of sexual orientation. Someone who tends to take an inclusive approach in regard to sexual orientations

ally

heterosexual person who appreciates and embraces people who identify across the spectrum of sexual orientation

Kinsey’s approach to studying and understanding sexual orientation

Kinsey emphasize behaviors more than fantasies and emotion and did not consider the time element

Kinsey’s approach to studying and understanding sexual orientation

1-6 of being heterosexual to homosexual. Can be inbetween

Authoritative info

o the content of this text is based on the most up-to-date, scientific, and accurate research available

Critical Analysis of Research and Info about Sexuality

the ability to evaluate, intelligently and critically, the vast amount of sexual info you are receiving-both from the media and from your social interactions with others.

transgender

gender identify other than their biological sex

What was the basic underlying point shown through the presentation of Rubin’s concept of the “charmed wheel”? [

Sexuality is sorted into good or bad based on a set of hierarchies that are continuously redrawn based on current discourses of sex from influences such as religion, popular psychology, the media, politics, families, cultural influences, etc.

• Experts from which disciplines study sexuality? What is the definition?

o Sexologists: specialized in scientific study of human sexuality

What was Kinsey’s contribution to human sexuality courses at the college level? Who was allowed to take his course?

Only people who were married or engaged in a heterosexual relationship
o Found people were not strictly homosexual or heterosexual aka why she created the continuum

• Be familiar with the information presented in your text related to sexuality education and abstinence and sexuality education and parenting.

o Abstinence education created a higher risk of pregnancy and STIs

• According to information in lecture “Early sex researchers and studies,” what was the focus of early sexuality research and what was the most common profession of early sexuality researchers?

o Focused on bizarre, dangerous, unhealthy aspects of sex. People who were sick.
o Primarily physicians

what were some of the erroneous “historical perspectives” related to human sexual anatomy?

Was seen as a shameful subject for study or discussion.
o Men & women have the same sexual body, men genitals have been pushed outside the body
o The male body was the norm, the female body was a variation

what are typical findings related to penis size. Are there correlations to factors such as race, height, etc.? How do researchers conduct studies related to penis size? And who is more concerned about penis size – men or women?

o Men are more concerned than women about penis size
o Asked men on vacation in Cancum to volunetter to have their penises measured by heatlh professionals in exchange for a tshirt and free condoms
o Self reports
o Those factors do not impact penis size

epididymis

the sperm cells mature and wait to be ejaculated

epididymis

a crescent-shaped structure on each testicle where sperm cells are stored as they mature

vas deferens

mature sperm cells travel to the man's internal reproductive system, where they are mixed with semen and ejaculated through the penis and out the urethral opening

vas deferens

a tube extending from the testicle into the male's body for the transport of sperm cells during ejaculation

prostate gland

adds most of the remaining liquid, called prostatic fluid

prostate gland

a gland in males surrounding the urethra that produces the largest proportion of seminal fluid

how old should men start doing testicular exams and how often?

14. once a month

clit

an erectile sexual structure consisting of the clitoral glans and two shafts that is primarily responsible for orgasms.

karezza sex. main focus.

o Gentle affectionate form of intercourses. Orgasm is not the goal. Emotional connection and affection are emphasized

o lack of or damage to one of the pair of X chromosomes.
♣ Short stature
♣ Slow or no sexual development
♣ Puffy hands and feet
♣ Kidney malformations
♣ Hearing problems
♣ Soft upturned finger nails

androgyny. • What are the main criticisms of Sandra Bem’s work related to androgyny? Was Bem’s work proven across cultures?

o People aren’t just one gender, could be a little of both
o Both feminine and masculine
o No, may not apply to diverse cultures

sexual orientation

what sex you are attracted to

sexual orientation

term specifying the sex of those to whom a person is primarily romantically, emotionally, and sexually attracted

Be familiar with Klein’s approach to studying and understanding sexual orientation. How is it both similar and different from Kinsey’s approach? What factors does Klein’s approach consider?

o Through surveys face to face. Emphasized behavior. Found people were not strictly homosexual or heterosexual aka why she created the continuum
o Kline focused on attraction, behaviors, fantasy, emotional preference, social preference, self-identification, and lifestyle. Past, current and ideal factors
♣ Came up with the grid

What are some of the myths and misconceptions and what has research revealed related to overall relationship satisfaction, quality and interaction patterns?

o Most gay and lesbians are unable to form close romantic relationships, are slutty
o Gay and lesbian relationships are more likely to be unhappy
o One partner chooses the husband role
o Most are isolated from society and do not have meaningful social support networks

good things found from research about gay couples

-more upbeat in the face of conflict

-take things less personally

-show lower levels of physiological arousal during conflict

privelage

special advantage or immunity granted or available to only a particular group of people

Rubin's Charmed Wheel

sexuality is sorted into good or bad based on a set of hierarchies that are continuously redrawn based on current influences such as religion, popular psychology, media, politics, etc.

careers in sexuality

research

sexual education

clinical practice

sexologist

person who studies human sexuality from a scientific perspective

Who was allowed to take Kinsey's college course?

people who are married or engaged in a heterosexual relationship

Written questionnaire survey

provides the greatest anonymity and privacy and may produce honest responses

Face to face survey

develop a friendly, trusting rapport which leads to follow up questions and more honest answers

telephone survey

falls in between written and face to face. allows anonymity and flexibility, but people could find them annoying so don't answer the questions fully

internet surveys

pose a lot of problems

correlational research

how 2 variables are related to each other.

not the same as causation

focus of karezza sex

not to reach climax and just have the emotional connection rather than conventional sex

heterosexual

a person who is attracted romantically and sexually primarily to persons of the opposite sex

homosexual

a person who is attracted romantically and sexually primarily to persons of one's own sex

bisexual

a person who is attracted romantically and sexually to members of both sexes

demisexual

low interest in sex and low levels of sexual attraction

Shortest Phase of 4 phase sexual response model

orgasm

Klein's 7 dimensions

Attraction

Behavior

Fantasy

Emotional Preference

Social Preference

Self Identification

Lifestyle

Klein's time dimensions

Past

Present

Ideal

Based on information discussed in lecture, what has research shown about how the majority of heterosexual couples show consent to engage in sexual intercourse?

body language and facial expressions

What are 4 important components related to “Talking About Sex?” [lecture]

1. Positive self-image

2. Self-disclosure

3. Trust

4. Nonverbal communication

Related to the sexual comfort zone, what is the difference between erotophobia and erotophilia? What childhood and background factors are connected to erotophilic attitudes? [text and talked about briefly in class – referred to in notes for you to look up in text]

-Erotophics have a small sexual comfort zone, respond neg. to sexual topics, tend to avoid sexual info and activities.-Erotophilics more comfortable w/sexual issues, seek out sexual info, enjoy sexualbehavior & respond with positive emotions to sexual cues.-Sex pos. life style in their parents

Based on research related to sexual fantasies and gender, what did current research studies reveal related to gender and thinking about sex? For example, were men or women more likely to think about sex? Were both likely to think about sex, just in different ways? Etc. [Lecture]

Both think about sex equally

What are common obstacles to studying sexual fantasy? [lecture]

No one wants to admit they have fantasies so they often aren’t honest.

What are the commonly reported gender differences in masturbation? What is the most common difference? [text and lecture]

Men are more likely to masturbate more on average than women. Men have reported to masturbating at least once a week or more and women have reported only masturbating once a month or less

· Based on information in your text about positions for “coitus,” what position is considered the best position to increase the woman’s chance for orgasm?

Women on top. Face to face

How are “typical” and “atypical” types of sexual expression determined? What role do social value judgments and science play in determining these behaviors? [lecture]

-Typical: a behavior that fits the cultural norm of a community

-Atypical: a behavior that includes one of the following: it's harmful, illegal, infers with a relationship or involves another person without consent

- Cultural and environmental

What is infantilism? Do all people who practice infantilism wish to change their behavior? [definition in text (ch. 14) and individual example shown in video clip during class]

Being treated as an infant.

-No.

According to the link in your lecture notes about predictions from the two New Zealand researchers, what problems do they feel sex robots could provide for the future?

-They envision a future where robotic prostitutes are the solution to the sex industry's most glaring problems, such as human trafficking, human degradation and the spread of sexually transmitted infections. Men won't feel that they actually cheated on their spouse.

What are the primary questions/determinants for clinical diagnosis of a paraphilia? [text and lecture]

1.feels personal distress about the fantasies, urges, or behaviors & continues over time (at least 6 months) 2.a sexual desire that involves another person's psycho. distress, injury, or death or a desire for sexual behaviors involving unwilling persons or unable to give legal consent

In the section “Men and Women and Paraphilic Disorders,” what are some general findings related to gender and prevalence of paraphilias? [text]

- Whenever the sex of a person with a paraphilia has been mentioned, it is virtually always a male

- The reason for this is because nearly all those who engage in paraphilia are, men

Based on information in your text what is a fetishistic disorder?

- A sexual preference for a nonhuman object or a body part that most members of a culture do not consider sexual (non victimizing)

- A fetish may become a psychological or social problem

Based on the guidelines from the DSM-5, how long does a sexual problem need to last prior to a formal clinical diagnosis? [text and lecture]

Diagnosis requires that the problem last for at least six months and causes significant psychological or emotional distress

Related to “the ‘problem’ of subjectivity,” as discussed in lecture, what did a nationally representative study of U.S. women find related to their reports of sexual problems and reports that the problem was a source of distress?

A nationally representative study of US women found that although 40% of women reported experiencing low sexual desire, decreased sexual arousal and/or problems reaching orgasm, only 12& indicated these issues were a source of personal distress to them.

What is the first thing most sex therapists would do at the beginning of treatment for a sexual dysfunction? For what purpose? [text & lecture]

Clinical treatment of most sexual problems begins with a medical history and workup to rule out physiological causes

Understand the difference between what classifies something as just a sexual problem versus a clinically diagnosed sexual problem. [text & lecture]

- Sexual Problem: 1. may occur periodically to anyone and may or may not interfere with overall sexual functioning (ie: insufficient foreplay, lack of sexual desire, anxiety over sexual situations)

2. DSM-5 is the official diagnosis manual. Diagnosis requires that the problem last for at least six months and causes significant psychological or emotional distress

What were the findings of the Pfizer Global Study of Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors and what was the implication of those findings as discussed in lecture?

- doctors aren't asking patients if they have sexual difficulties enough - The highest percentage was 25% of people said their doctor had asked, in THA - Patients were not concerned with their own discomfort but concerned for the doctors discomfort

The chapter introduction states that love and sexual intimacy are closely linked. Describe the findings from the 1990 national survey that supported this.

65% wouldn’t have sex with someone unless they are in love with the person and they also engage in a wider range of sexual activates if they love their partner.

As discussed in your text and lecture, what characteristics define a polyamorous relationship?

Having more than one long term partner

What does recent research indicate about the link between “the matching hypothesis” and sexual orientation? Does it apply more or less for gay and lesbian couples? [text]

the theory that people tend to seek romantic and sexual partners who possess a level of physical attractiveness similar to their own

Explain the concept of “reciprocity of attraction.” How does it impact people with poor self-esteem? [text and some mentioned in lecture and notes]

- reciprocates the feelings - with approximately the same degree of intensity - people who doubt themselves also doubt that a partner they love could ever love them back equally. they feel unworthy of their partner's love, even when the partner really does reciprocate the love and tried to let the other know

Related to the “Triangular Theory of Love,” understand the different types of love (i.e. romantic love versus consummate love; the three elements of love according to Sternberg) [text and lecture]

Sternberg's theory that three fundamental components of love - intimacy, passion and commitment

- Infatuation:

love based on passion but lacking intimacy and commitment, usually very sexually charged but shallow and devoid of much meaning

-Romantic love

love based on intimacy and passion but lacking commitment

- Fatuous love:

love based on passion and commitment but lacking intimacy, a foolish or pointless love

Companionate love

love based on true intimacy and commitment but lacking passion, the partners are companions more than lovers

What are some findings related to partners who believe in “love at first sight?” Do they fall in love with people more or less similar to themselves? [text and lecture]

77% of college students believe the statement: opposites attract - Research does not support this; however, it does show that people in relationships tend to overestimate their similarities - Partners who believe in "love at first sight" become romantically involved more quickly and have partners with less similar personalities than those who don't believe in it

Be familiar with how to distinguish each of the “four horseman of the apocalypse” as studied by John Gottman.

What was the primary factor his research revealed related to how effective the use of repair mechanisms will be within the relationship?

couples with these 4 aspects were more likely to divorce within the first 5.6 years of their marriage Some level of negativity is important for relationships to grow, however, Gottman's consistent findings show that relationships most likely to remain stable include a ratio of at least 5 positive interactions to every one negative

What was the basic premise of Esther Perel’s TedTalk, specifically related to the role of desire in sustaining a relationship? What does she say about the need for security vs. the need for adventure? [video link in notes] (coming up on Tuesday, 10/25)

- For the first time in human history; couples aren't having sex just to have kids, there's room for sustained desire, for couples to cultivate long-term sexual relationships

What are the three main types of female prostitution? Review the level of danger, drug use and pay related to each

Streetwalkers: Paid least, highest danger, highest drug use

Brothel Workers: Mid pay, safest, screened

Call Girls: Mid violence, Best payDefinition

Who hires prostitutes – average customer? Based on race? Marital status? Level of education?

White middle aged married men, some college, working full-timeDefinition

What is the most commonly purchased service from a prostitute?Term

oral sex '''''

Who becomes a prostitute? What were some common background characteristics for
female sex workers?Term

What are the potential benefits of using a receptive/female condom? How does it
compare to the male condom related to prevention of STIs?Term

Allows women to have more control of contraception and preventing STIs

May be inserted up to 8 hours before intercourse

Can provide slightly greater protection than male condomsDefinition

ParaGard IUD

contains copper that repels sperm

Mirena IUD

contains small amount of progesterone-likke hormone that is slowly
released into the uterus and contributes to pregnancy prevention by thickening the cervical mucus, reducing passage of sperm cells from the vagina

Which type of pills
requires strict adherence to taking it at the same time each day?

Mini Pill

Emergency Contraception

75% effective, shouldn't be used in place of contraception. Can be used up to five days after intercourse

One in three women have had an abortion by the age of...

45

50% of abortions are obtained by women under the age of..

25 years old

60% of abortions are obtained by women who..

have one or more children already

How many pregnancies are unintended in the US?

51%

Country with highest abortion rates...

China

What does the term medical abortion refer to?

A combination of medications ends the pregnancy and causes your uterus lining to
shed
Definition

What are common men’s reactions to abortion?

Sadness, lack of counseling, anger, regret. etc

Know what conditions may put a woman more at risk for developing a serious psychological reaction after having an abortion.

Young, Lack of support, persuaded/pressured or difficult time making the
decision, strong religious or moral background, medical or genetic reasons,
history of psychiatric problems

What percentage of women of childbearing
age in the United States identifies themselves as voluntarily childless?