Commercial law

Commercial law, also known as business law, is the body of law that applies to the rights, relations, and conduct of persons and businesses engaged in commerce, merchandising, trade, and sales. It is often considered to be a branch of civil law and deals with issues of both private law and public law.

Commercial law includes within its compass such titles as principal and agent; carriage by land and sea; merchant shipping; guarantee; marine, fire, life, and accident insurance; bills of exchange and partnership. It can also be understood to regulate corporatecontracts, hiring practices, and the manufacture and sales of consumergoods. Many countries have adopted civil codes that contain comprehensive statements of their commercial law.

In the United States, commercial law is the province of both the United States Congress, under its power to regulate interstate commerce, and the states, under their police power. Efforts have been made to create a unified body of commercial law in the United States; the most successful of these attempts has resulted in the general adoption of the Uniform Commercial Code, which has been adopted in all 50 states (with some modification by state legislatures), the District of Columbia, and the U.S. territories.

Credit (finance)

Credit (from Latincredit, "(he/she/it) believes") is the trust which allows one party to provide money or resources to another party where that second party does not reimburse the first party immediately (thereby generating a debt), but instead arranges either to repay or return those resources (or other materials of equal value) at a later date. The resources provided may be financial (e.g. granting a loan), or they may consist of goods or services (e.g. consumer credit). Credit encompasses any form of deferred payment. Credit is extended by a creditor, also known as a lender, to a debtor, also known as a borrower.

Credit does not necessarily require money. The credit concept can be applied in barter economies as well, based on the direct exchange of goods and services. However, in modern societies, credit is usually denominated by a unit of account. Unlike money, credit itself cannot act as a unit of account.

Movements of financial capital are normally dependent on either credit or equity transfers. Credit is in turn dependent on the reputation or creditworthiness of the entity which takes responsibility for the funds. Credit is also traded in financial markets. The purest form is the credit default swap market, which is essentially a traded market in credit insurance. A credit default swap represents the price at which two parties exchange this risk–the protection seller takes the risk of default of the credit in return for a payment, commonly denoted in basis points (one basis point is 1/100 of a percent) of the notional amount to be referenced, while the protection buyer pays this premium and in the case of default of the underlying (a loan, bond or other receivable), delivers this receivable to the protection seller and receives from the seller the par amount (that is, is made whole).

A general distinction can be made between (a) civil lawjurisdictions (including Catholic canon law and socialist law), in which the legislature or other central body codifies and consolidates their laws, and (b) common law systems, where judge-made precedent is accepted as binding law. Historically, religious laws played a significant role even in settling of secular matters, which is still the case in some religious communities, particularly Jewish, and some countries, particularly Islamic. Islamic Sharia law is the world's most widely used religious law.

Canons of the Apostles

The Apostolic Canons or Ecclesiastical Canons of the Same Holy Apostles is a collection of ancient ecclesiastical decrees (eighty-five in the Eastern, fifty in the Western Church) concerning the government and discipline of the Early Christian Church, incorporated with the Apostolic Constitutions which are part of the Ante-Nicene Fathers
In the fourth century the First Council of Nicaea (325) calls canons the disciplinary measures of the Church: the term canon, κανὠν, means in Greek, a rule. There is a very early distinction between the rules enacted by the Church and the legislative measures taken by the State called leges, Latin for laws.

Commercial law

Commercial law, also known as business law, is the body of law that applies to the rights, relations, and conduct of persons and businesses engaged in commerce, merchandising, trade, and sales. It is often considered to be a branch of civil law and deals with issues of both private law and public law.

Commercial law includes within its compass such titles as principal and agent; carriage by land and sea; merchant shipping; guarantee; marine, fire, life, and accident insurance; bills of exchange and partnership. It can also be understood to regulate corporatecontracts, hiring practices, and the manufacture and sales of consumergoods. Many countries have adopted civil codes that contain comprehensive statements of their commercial law.

In the United States, commercial law is the province of both the United States Congress, under its power to regulate interstate commerce, and the states, under their police power. Efforts have been made to create a unified body of commercial law in the United States; the most successful of these attempts has resulted in the general adoption of the Uniform Commercial Code, which has been adopted in all 50 states (with some modification by state legislatures), the District of Columbia, and the U.S. territories.

Latest News for: credit law

DoesNorth Carolina have any law that prohibits businesses charging you a fee to use a credit card for your purchase? ... Most of what retailers can or can’t do involving credit and debit cards is governed by their contracts with the card companies, not by state or federal laws, according to Shearman ... forms of payment other than credit or debit cards....

Credit/Deduction Errors – With the changing tax laws, it can be difficult to stay current on the credits and deductions for which you qualify ... Your return will still be considered on time – but as a fraud prevention measure, exemptions, credits, and refunds can't be considered until the ITIN is renewed ... Failing to pay your taxes or a penalty you owe could negatively impact your credit score ... What are Exemptions, Deductions and Credits?....

A typical refi borrower is of very high credit quality. They are mostly prime borrowers with high incomes, ample free cashflow, and an undergraduate or advanced degree in law, medicine, or business. Not surprisingly, refi student loan securitizations have exhibited strong credit...KBRA is a full service credit rating agency registered with the U.S....

6.30 p.m ... (credit. CBS) ... (credit ... ___ ... (credit. CBS) ... Hujrah Wahhaj, Jany Leveille, Subhannah Wahha (credit ... Lucas Morten (left) and Siraj Wahhaj (right) (credit ... State prosecutors say children who were found at a ramshackle New Mexico compound were trained to use firearms and learned other tactical techniques as they prepared to get rid of teachers, law enforcement and other institutions that were considered corrupt. (credit ... (credit ... (credit....

Click on this links for more information ...Chang’s and more ... 4.) Tax credits for students (or parents). Thanks to the new gas tax law, S.C. residents attending school in state can receive up to $1,500 in tax credits when they file for taxes next year. The credit goes to whomever is paying the tuition ... Previously, the credit was limited to $850 for students at a four-year university and up to $350 per year for students at two-year schools ... ....

ATHENS – With tax inspectors finding widespread tax evasion on Greek islands, particularly Mykonos, tourists are being told to pay with debit or credit cards and demand a receipt and not to pay if they don’t get one, allowed under the law... All hotels, restaurants and shops are obliged to accept debit/credit cards....

Change the state's TaylorLaw, she says, to let public employees strike without penalty. We creditNixon for helping push Cuomo in the right direction on marijuana legalization, but what is she smoking?. The state Taylor Law, passed a half-century ......

Two bills -- one intended to make it easier for college students to transfer credits within Illinois and another giving priority to returning students for MAP grants -- were signed into law Monday by Gov. Bruce Rauner during a visit to Harper College in Palatine ... ....

The government called more than two dozen witnesses in its bid to prove Manafort had allegedly violated tax and banking laws. His defense team will have a chance to call witnesses next. (Imagecredit. JacquelynMartin/AP) .......

Crime separations same for Americans, immigrants. There is much said about President Trump separating children from their families when they violate and break immigration laws by crossing the border into the country illegally ... Ernest Cooney. Little Egg Harbor Township ... Democratic Sen ... All Atlantic Cape credits transfer to four-year institutions for a career in teaching, law, criminal justice, business, finance, cybersecurity, drones ... ....