► An ontology describing the constructs and their inter-relationships for business models has recently been built and evaluated: the Business Model Ontology (BMO). This ontology has…
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▼ An ontology describing the constructs and their inter-relationships for business models has recently been built and evaluated: the Business Model Ontology (BMO). This ontology has been used to conceptually power a popular practitioner visual design tool: the Business Model Canvas (BMC).
However, implicitly these works assume that designers of business models all have a singular normative goal: the creation of businesses that are financially profitable. These works perpetuate beliefs and businesses that do not create outcomes aligned with current natural and social science knowledge about long term individual human, societal and ecological flourishing, i.e. outcomes are not strongly sustainable. This limits the applicability and utility of these works.
This exploratory research starts to overcome these limitations: creating knowledge of what is required of businesses for strongly sustainable outcomes to emerge and helping business model designers efficiently create high quality (reliable, consistent, effective) strongly sustainable business models.
Based on criticism and review, this research project extends the BMO artefact to enable the description all the constructs and their inter-relationships related to a strongly sustainable business model. This results in the Strongly Sustainable Business Model Ontology (SSBMO). To help evaluate the SSBMO a practitioner visual design tool is also developed: the Strongly Sustainable Business Model Canvas (SSBMC).
Ontological engineering (from Artificial Intelligence), Design Science and Systems Thinking methodological approaches were combined in a novel manner to create the Systemic Design Science approach used to build and evaluate the SSBMO. Comparative analysis, interviews and case study techniques were used to evaluate the utility of the designed artefacts.
Formal 3rd party evaluation with 7 experts and 2 case study companies resulted in validation of the overall approaches used and the utility of the SSBMO. A number of opportunities for improvement, as well as areas for future work, are identified.
This thesis includes a number of supplementary graphics included in separate (electronic) files. See “List of Supplementary Materials” for details.
Advisors/Committee Members: Johnston, David (advisor).

► The word “Monkian” is frequently used in jazz discourse to describe the music of pianist Thelonious Monk. This study consolidates literature on Monk’s music to…
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▼ The word “Monkian” is frequently used in jazz discourse to describe the music of pianist Thelonious Monk. This study consolidates literature on Monk’s music to define the Monkian aesthetic as an integration of the following musical elements: unorthodox jazz harmony, rhythmic displacement, principles of economy, an emphasis on thematic repetition, and technical experimentation. These elements appear in his compositions, which jazz musicians find difficult to perform. The Monkian aesthetic may be apparent in music by other jazz performers who integrate these elements during improvisation.
An analysis of selected improvisations by Charlie Rouse and Steve Lacy, two saxophonists who performed Monk’s music extensively, demonstrates this aesthetic. Analyses are conducted on two solos by Rouse in the post-bop style—“Evidence” (1960) and “Rhythm-A-Ning” (1964)—and three recordings by Lacy in the free jazz style: two versions of “Evidence” (1961 and 1985) and “Pannonica” (1963). The Monkian aesthetic is prominent in their music, and is demonstrated through narrative description with the aid of formulaic, schematic, and reduction analysis techniques. Group interaction is shown to play a significant role in their interpretations.
I argue that Monk, Rouse, and Lacy were avant-garde jazz musicians. They represent a change in the notion of “avant-garde” in jazz according to the musical analyses and a critical evaluation of their social environment. Monk’s performances, recordings, and public image were avant-garde for the 1940s and 1950s. Rouse followed Monk’s musical conception closely, and by extension, is considered an avant-gardist in jazz. Lacy’s music and his community of musicians helped define the 1960s avant-garde movement in jazz. Both saxophonists contributed to Monk’s legacy in these conceptions of avant-gardism.
Advisors/Committee Members: Van Der Bliek, Robert Thomas (advisor).

▼ Humanistic approaches to psychotherapy recognize therapeutic presence as necessary to sharpening one’s attunement to ongoing dynamics of intra and interpersonal processes, promoting empathy, and developing a strong working alliance. Despite its purported value, however, little empirical research has explored the nature of presence in the psychotherapeutic encounter. Following a task analytic methodology, the current study used both rational and empirical strategies to investigate how highly present therapists manifest presence behaviourally. Results from the present study show that therapist presence is linked to a constellation of verbal and non-verbal markers that reflect four modes of expression, which were named ‘here’, ‘now’, ‘open’, and ‘communion’. The final model included prominent behaviours such as poised body posture, unwavering eye gaze, responsive nodding and facial expressiveness, and vitality in face, body, and vocal tone. Implications for the development of an observational measure are discussed, along with limitations and suggestions for future research.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pos, Alberta (advisor).

Colosimo, K. A. (2014). What Does Therapist Presence Look Like in the Therapeutic Encounter? A Rational-Empirical Study of the Verbal and Non-Verbal Behavioural Markers of Presence. (Masters Thesis). York University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27553

Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):

Colosimo, Kenneth Andrew. “What Does Therapist Presence Look Like in the Therapeutic Encounter? A Rational-Empirical Study of the Verbal and Non-Verbal Behavioural Markers of Presence.” 2014. Masters Thesis, York University. Accessed March 19, 2018.
http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27553.

MLA Handbook (7th Edition):

Colosimo, Kenneth Andrew. “What Does Therapist Presence Look Like in the Therapeutic Encounter? A Rational-Empirical Study of the Verbal and Non-Verbal Behavioural Markers of Presence.” 2014. Web. 19 Mar 2018.

Vancouver:

Colosimo KA. What Does Therapist Presence Look Like in the Therapeutic Encounter? A Rational-Empirical Study of the Verbal and Non-Verbal Behavioural Markers of Presence. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. York University; 2014. [cited 2018 Mar 19].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27553.

Council of Science Editors:

Colosimo KA. What Does Therapist Presence Look Like in the Therapeutic Encounter? A Rational-Empirical Study of the Verbal and Non-Verbal Behavioural Markers of Presence. [Masters Thesis]. York University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27553

▼ Poly (ethylene glycol)-grafted membrane-mimetic surfaces bearing negatively charged phospholipid headgroups have gained significant attention due to their promising contributions in numerous biomedical applications. The conformational properties of PEG chains have been mainly studied at the air/water interface, which does not elucidate much about its behavior at the physiological pH ~ 7.4. In this contribution, binary mixtures of a phosphoethanolamine-Succinyl bearing C16 aliphatic chains, DPPE-Succinyl, and a PEG-phospholipid conjugate bearing a PEG chain of 2000 Da, DPPE-PEG2000, have been used as ideal models of bio-nonfouling membrane-mimetic surfaces. The effect of PBS with pH ~7.4 as well as each of its individual constituents including Na2HPO4, KCl, KH2PO4, and NaCl on the biophysical properties of model membrane was examined. Our findings suggest that saline and each of its individual constituents play a pivotal role in the phase and conformational behavior of PEG-grafted membrane models. Insulin as a model protein was then selected to further investigate the effect of phase and conformation behavior of PEG-grafted membrane models on protein/membrane interactions. The insulin/membrane interactions were quantified in terms of monolayer area expansion, ΔA, penetration area, Ap, as well as protein binding degree, χp. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first insight into mechanistic aspects of protein interactions with model negatively charged PEG-grafted membranes. This knowledge, may aid in understanding the in-vivo performance of advanced targeted therapeutic carriers.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tsoukanova, Valeria (advisor).

► This thesis explores the nature of digital gaming platforms once they have been expatriated from the consumer marketplace and have been relegated to obsolescence. In…
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▼ This thesis explores the nature of digital gaming platforms once they have been expatriated from the consumer marketplace and have been relegated to obsolescence. In this state, abandonware becomes a site for creative interventions by active audiences, who exploit, hack and modify these consoles in order to accommodate a range of creative practices.
As part of the digital toolkit for fan production, the Sega Dreamcast has become a focal point for fan based video game remix practices, whereby fan creators appropriate imagery and iconography from popular media to create new works derivative of these franchises. These fan practices subvert the proprietary protocols of digital platforms, re-contextualizing them as devices for creative intervention by practitioners, who distribute their works and the knowledge necessary to produce them, through online communities.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lessard, Bruno (advisor), (advisor).

► This thesis considers the implications of relational theory for doctrinal debates in Canadian and American constitutional equality law, with a focus on grounds of discrimination…
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▼ This thesis considers the implications of relational theory for doctrinal debates in Canadian and American constitutional equality law, with a focus on grounds of discrimination and suspect classification. Chapter 1 sets out the fundamentals of feminist relational theory, emphasizing relational approaches to difference, equality, and rights. Chapter 2 considers the methodological implications of applying relational theory to doctrinal problems. Chapter 3 sets out the basic structure and evolution of the suspect classification inquiry in American equal protection law. Chapter 4 does the same in respect of the Canadian doctrinal approach to grounds of unconstitutional discrimination. Finally Chapter 5 ties together Canadian and American scholarly debates over the proper shape of inquiries into groups/grounds or class(ification), and suggests a framework by which the relational theory set out in Chapter 1 might help to reframe and resolve aspects of these problems as they emerge in both jurisdictions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bhabha, Faisal (advisor).

► An invasion of personal space occurs when levels of contact with others exceed desired levels of contact and can lead to feelings of crowding, anxiety…
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▼ An invasion of personal space occurs when levels of contact with others exceed desired levels of contact and can lead to feelings of crowding, anxiety and stress. The current study investigated whether the use of portable music players (e.g., MP3 players) under conditions of personal space invasion has an effect on level of anxiety, stress after-effects, perceived control, and cognitive processing style. The results indicate that using MP3 players does not affect one’s level of anxiety, stress after-effects, and perceived control. However, those who listened to music tended to engage in global cognitive processing. There was also an interaction effect between gender, MP3 player use, and personal space invasion on perceived control. Compared to males, females who listened to music felt that their lives were governed by chance when their personal space was invaded, whereas the opposite was true when their personal space was not invaded.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mar, Raymond A. (advisor).

► In 1966, Red Mitchell began tuning his bass in fifths to meet the demands of film composers who required a low C. Having played in…
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▼ In 1966, Red Mitchell began tuning his bass in fifths to meet the demands of film composers who required a low C. Having played in fourths for approximately twenty years, Mitchell required only nine days to adapt to fifths tuning. This thesis examines the changes that fifths tuning had on his walking bass lines through the transcription, analysis and comparison of three blues from each of Mitchell's tuning periods. The analysis will probe changes in pitch, range, intervals and motives. Other chapters include a biography of Mitchell's career and one that discusses why he chose fifths. Included in this section are brief summaries of other bassists who have adopted fifths tuning. The chapter on bass line grammar discusses those elements that were affected when Mitchell changed tunings. The concluding chapter discusses the findings showing that tuning in fifths did have an effect on Red Mitchell's walking bass lines.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chambers, Mark (advisor).

► Operation Untitled is a screenplay exploring the self-empowerment of the individual against the socio-political and religious forces that inform the hierarchy of a Catholic high…
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▼ Operation Untitled is a screenplay exploring the self-empowerment of the individual against the socio-political and religious forces that inform the hierarchy of a Catholic high school. The protagonist, Peter Charles who becomes known by the moniker “the Prophet,” is a hard-working student from a lower class background who’s infatuated by his school and society’s promise that hard work = success. When he learns that he loses a life-changing scholarship simply because the recipient, “the Golden Boy” Richard Harding, has influence, his faith in this system is shattered. His subsequent journey of rebellion creates a school-wide revolution and with the power it brings him, the Prophet has a fateful decision: to replace Richard as “the Golden Boy” or to break the cycle of this broken system forever.
Advisors/Committee Members: Buchbinder, Amnon (advisor).

▼ Rationale: Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a collaborative therapy that focuses on strengthening a person’s internal motivation to change (Miller & Rollnick, 2002, 2012). Research suggests that MI may be helpful for treating binge eating; however, findings are limited and little is known about how MI for binge eating compares to active therapy controls. As such, the present study aimed to build on the current literature by comparing the efficacy of MI as a prelude to self-help treatment for binge eating to psychoeducation as a prelude to self-help treatment for binge eating. Method: Participants with full or subthreshold DSM-IV Binge Eating Disorder (BED) or nonpurging Bulimia Nervosa (BN-NP) were randomly assigned to receive either 60 minutes of MI followed by an unguided cognitive behavioural self-help manual (n = 24) or 60 minutes of psychoeducation followed by an unguided cognitive behavioural self-help manual (n = 21). Questionnaires were completed immediately before and after the treatment session, as well as at 1 month and 4 months post-session. Changes in readiness to change, confidence in ability to control binge eating, binge eating frequency and severity, eating disorder behaviours and attitudes, self-esteem, and depression were examined. Results: Findings revealed that MI significantly increased readiness to change and confidence in ability to control binge eating, whereas psychoeducation did not. Participants in the MI condition reported a significantly stronger therapeutic alliance than did participants in the psychoeducation condition. No group differences were found when changes in eating disorder and associated symptoms were examined; both groups showed significant overall improvements in eating disorder symptoms, binge eating frequency and severity, and self-esteem. Conclusions: MI offers benefits for increasing motivation, self-efficacy, and therapeutic alliance in treating individuals with clinically significant binge eating problems. However, it is not a uniquely effective treatment approach for reducing binge eating and other eating disorder symptoms.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mills, Jennifer S. (advisor).

▼ Friesen et al. (2011) reported behavioural and electrophysiological differences in how monolinguals and bilinguals resolved lexical competition in a picture selection task (PST). Participants selected a named picture from two alternatives that were related semantically, phonologically, or unrelated. Both groups were slower on related pairs, but the additional RT cost on semantically-related pairs was smaller for bilinguals than for monolinguals. Importantly, monolinguals exhibited attenuated N400s for semantically-related pairs while bilinguals did not. The current study pursued these results with a homogeneous group of English-French bilinguals performing the task in both languages. Measures of executive control, language proficiency, and language production abilities were acquired to investigate their influence in resolving interlingual and intralingual competition. In both languages, semantic pairs generated longer RTs than phonological and unrelated pairs and as in the earlier study, there was no modulation of the N400. There was no evidence for a relation between the PST and the flanker task. However, a relation was found between vocabulary knowledge and the PST in the weaker language.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bialystok, Ellen B (advisor).

► This dissertation focuses on two issues in retirement planning. The first issue, annuitization problem, provides insight on how interest rates may affect annuitization decisions for…
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▼ This dissertation focuses on two issues in retirement planning. The
first issue, annuitization problem, provides insight on how interest
rates may affect annuitization decisions for retirees under an
all-or-nothing framework. The second issue, ruin probability,
studies the probability for a retired individual who might run out
of money, under a fixed consumption strategy before the end of
his/her life under stochastic hazard rates. These two financial
problems have been very important in personal finance for both
retirees and financial advisors throughout the world, especially in
the developed countries as the baby boom generation nears
retirement. They are the direct results of both longevity risk and
demise of Defined Benefit (DB) pension plans.
The existing literature of the annuitization problem, such as
Richard (1975), concludes that it is always optimal to annuitize
with no bequest motives under a constant interest rate. To see the
effect of stochastic interest rates on the annuitization decisions
under a constrained consumption strategy without bequest motives, we
present two life cycle models. They investigate the optimal
annuitization strategy for a retired individual whose objective is
to maximize his/her lifetime utility under a variety of
institutional restrictions, in an all-or-nothing framework. The
individual is required to annuitize all his/her wealth in a lump sum
at some time at retirement. The first life cycle model we have
presented assumes full consumption after annuity purchasing. A free
boundary exists in this case upon the assumption of constant spread
between the expected return of the risky asset and the riskless
interest rate. The second life cycle model applies the optimal
consumption strategy after annuitization, and numerical analysis
shows that it is always optimal to annuitize no matter what the
current interest rate is. This conclusion is based on the assumption
of constant risk premium, no loads and no bequest motives.
Historical data show that mortality rates for human beings behave
stochastically. Motivated by this, we study the ruin probability for
a retired individual who withdraws $1 per annum with various
initial wealth for log-normal mortality with constant drift and
volatility, which is a special form of the most widely accepted
Lee-Carter model. This problem is converted to a Partial
Differential Equation (PDE) and solved numerically by the
Alternative Direction Implicit (ADI) method. For any given initial
wealth, ruin probability can be obtained for various initial hazard
rates. The correlation between the wealth process and the mortality
process slightly affects the ruin probability at time zero.
Advisors/Committee Members: Huang, Huaxiong (advisor), Milevsky, Moshe (advisor).

► Riffle-pool sequences play a crucial role in the fluid-sediment interactions that control bed scour, sediment transfer and deposition in rivers. Areas in rivers that experience…
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▼ Riffle-pool sequences play a crucial role in the fluid-sediment interactions that control bed scour, sediment transfer and deposition in rivers. Areas in rivers that experience changes in depth or width cause areas of differing flow acceleration and deceleration. Differing flow regimes strongly impact the turbulence structure and associated sediment transport processes. Past research has focused largely on the maintenance of riffle-pool sequences, specifically in the context of stage dependant velocity reversal hypotheses. However, little research has been completed on the three dimensional flow structures of these sequences and how this affects the depth of scour in pools and deposition height in riffles. Critical knowledge is lacking with respect to how these properties change or differ in straight versus meandering channels. Turbulence structure and sediment transport processes experience higher complexity in meandering reaches than straight reaches. Secondary circulations around meander bends create an asymmetrical profile that influences lateral sediment transport, thus leading to the occurrence of deep scour in pools.
The primary objective of this study was to assess the turbulence structure and scour in riffle-pool sequences in both straight and meandering channel sections of the Rouge River, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The purpose was to assess the controlling factors that influence riffle height and depth of scour in pools and also how these factors differ in straight versus meandering reaches. The spatial and temporal variability of the turbulence structure and sediment transport will also be observed by comparing the responses to varying flow stages.
This study was comprised of a field-based project using an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV). Sediment sorting and transport patterns were observed by using a combination of painted tracer particles, permanent bedload traps and handheld bedload samplers.
Results indicated that turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and momentum exchange was typically observed 5 – 10 cm above the bed. Time series data indicated that the degree of curvature likely influenced secondary circulation and hence sediment transport and channel form. It was evident that riffle height and depth of scour in pools was strongly linked to channel morphology as well as micro scale bed variably.
Advisors/Committee Members: Robert, Andre (advisor).

► Theories have suggested that infants’ ability to form expectations and exhibiting anticipatory eye movements, highlight our memory’s function of providing a foundation upon which expectations…
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▼ Theories have suggested that infants’ ability to form expectations and exhibiting anticipatory eye movements, highlight our memory’s function of providing a foundation upon which expectations for future events are formed. This study aimed to assess this hypothesis by investigating the relation between long-term memory and expectation formation in 3-month-old infants. Infants underwent the Visual Expectation Paradigm and after a delay of 24 hours, infants were tested with either a change in the stimuli or the same stimuli. Infants’ level of anticipatory eye movements were measured on both test days. This study also aimed to study the relation between working memory and long-term memory by investigating if temporal decay (a limitation of working memory), would affect infants’ long-term memory. To this end, this study assessed the effect of two different interstimulus intervals (ISIs) on infants’ long-term memory performance. Finally, changes in pupil diameter during encoding and retrieval were also measured.
Advisors/Committee Members: Adler, Scott A. (advisor).

► This dissertation charts the genealogy of a particularly British Indian form of colonial government called indirect rule. Indirect rule, which came to be deployed across…
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▼ This dissertation charts the genealogy of a particularly British Indian form of colonial government called indirect rule. Indirect rule, which came to be deployed across several Muslim dominated states of Africa and Asia in the late Victorian period, was by that time a century old British colonial strategy. First employed by agents of the East India Company in the middle of the eighteenth century, this form of imperialism subsumed many of the states which comprised the Indian political landscape in the post-Mughal period. These so-called princely states were not conquered outright by the British, but rather came under their control though a range of technologies, from the deployment of powerful agents and coercive treaties, to the establishment of a discursive framework which conceived of these states as ‘oriental’ and hence requiring of a special form of government. Indirect rule, however, was never the most common form of administration in the British Empire. Even in India, direct rule, where precolonial social and political structures were replaced by new modes of government, was much more common. This work, therefore, explores why in the last quarter of the nineteenth century the architects of British rule in Malaya, Egypt, the Persian Gulf, Zanzibar, and Northern Nigeria all elected to impose variants of this unusual form of government invented in eighteenth-century India. It does so by examining the ideas, assumptions, and strategies of the officials who were chiefly responsible for the form of these colonial regimes through a variety of archival and other documentary evidence. In so doing this work seeks to demonstrate that British Indian ideas and technologies had a definitive impact on the development of the British Empire across Africa and Asia.
Advisors/Committee Members: Peers, Douglas (advisor).

► “The relation between an employer and an isolated employee or worker is typically a relation between a bearer of power and one who is not…
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▼ “The relation between an employer and an isolated employee or worker is typically a relation between a bearer of power and one who is not a bearer of power. In its inception it is an act of submission, in its operation it is a condition of subordination, however much the submission and the subordination may be concealed by the indispensable figment of the legal mind known as the 'contract of employment'.” Otto Kahn-Freund , Labour and the Law (London: Stevens, 1977)
This study examines the legal evolution of the common law of employment contracts in Ontario between the 1890s and the 1970s. It focuses on the changing relationship between notions of property and contract in employment, as visible through the judicial discourse of reported common law cases.
I argue that between the 1890s and the end of the 1970s Ontario saw the emergence and consolidation of two different conceptual paradigms for regulating work at common law. The common law of employment contracts was framed and reframed over different eras of the 20th century through what the courts understood of the nature of the exchange between the parties, the property interests involved and the legal tools necessary to manage that exchange. Contrary to the traditional narrative in the field, the courts of Ontario first conceptualized employment as an exchange as of the turn of the 20th century. This first paradigm emerged in tandem with the province’s second industrial revolution, and sought to regulate the discretionary nature of white collar professional work. The second paradigm was entrenched in the 1960s and 1970s. It is over these years that workers in Standard Employment Relationships (SER) first began to bring employment-related claims to the common law courts, a few decades after it emerged as the paradigmatic form of work around which Ontario’s labour market and employment laws were fashioned over the mid-century. The basic premises of the SER, of long-term employment, job security and internal career advancement, fundamentally changed the psychosical and economic terms of employment. But faced with workers’ claims for recognition of these new terms in law, the courts instead chose to entrench a limited legal framework which denied job security as an enforceable contract term.
Advisors/Committee Members: Arthurs, Harry W. (advisor).

Mumme, C. I. (2014). "That Indispensable Figment of the Legal Mind": The Contract of Employment at Common Law in Ontario, 1890-1979. (Doctoral Dissertation). York University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27578

Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):

Mumme, Claire Isabel. “"That Indispensable Figment of the Legal Mind": The Contract of Employment at Common Law in Ontario, 1890-1979.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, York University. Accessed March 19, 2018.
http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27578.

MLA Handbook (7th Edition):

Mumme, Claire Isabel. “"That Indispensable Figment of the Legal Mind": The Contract of Employment at Common Law in Ontario, 1890-1979.” 2014. Web. 19 Mar 2018.

Vancouver:

Mumme CI. "That Indispensable Figment of the Legal Mind": The Contract of Employment at Common Law in Ontario, 1890-1979. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. York University; 2014. [cited 2018 Mar 19].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27578.

Council of Science Editors:

Mumme CI. "That Indispensable Figment of the Legal Mind": The Contract of Employment at Common Law in Ontario, 1890-1979. [Doctoral Dissertation]. York University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27578

► This thesis enters into an analysis of adult/child relations by looking closely at affective social and historical representations of childhood. It asks, how to characterize…
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▼ This thesis enters into an analysis of adult/child relations by looking closely at affective social and historical representations of childhood. It asks, how to characterize the self-other relation when the subject is a child. This work is composed of thematic close readings of three primary texts: Piera Aulagnier (2001) introduces the child as being, Jacqueline Rose (1992) presents the enigmatic child, and Carolyn Steedman (1994) traces the spectacle of the child. This thesis grapples with the being of the child, beginning by exploring infancy as a state of dependency that marks growth. I examine the child’s vulnerability that precedes speech and discuss how imperceptible traces of that state intersect with the child’s introduction to symbolization and the words adults use to represent childhood. I turn to examine forms of childhood shaped through fantastical, cultural and historical narratives, questioning the place of the child and adult within those representations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Britzman, Deborah P. (advisor).

▼ Our current understanding of tribunal resource allocation decision-making is via judicial review of tribunal decisions and/or the capacity, independence and appointment process of tribunal members. This analysis of tribunals provides incomplete information.
This qualitative five year case study, however, asked the three following questions:
Research Question1:
Do procedures statistically affect the resource allocation decisions of the Board? If so, what elements of the procedures create this statistical effect?
The author analyzed the quantitative research results relative to the A4R theory’s four procedural conditions of transparency and concluded that the A4R theory it was not ‘fine grain’ enough to identify the complexity of the tribunal resource allocation decision making. Quantitative analysis revealed that Board decisions were influenced by elements of the Board’s procedure. In particular, the author’s statistical analysis found that the Board’s procedures statistically did affect resource allocation decisions by disadvantaging self- represented parties and, for a certain year, parties not participating in the tribunal’s hearing orally/in person.
Research Question #2:
What substantive arguments affect the resource allocation decisions of the Board?
This study confirmed that submissions by the parties – the patient and OHIP - affected resource allocation decisions. However, within these substantive arguments the research found that patients and administrative requirements played a key role in determining out of country coverage of non emergency inpatient health services (OCCNEIHS). The research also identified that more patients requesting OCCNEIHS argued for treatment to be considered acceptable than argued that treatment domestically would be delayed. The research also identified that there was an absence of arguments regarding the economic implications of OCCNEIHS.
Research Question #3
What Should Be the Revised Resource Allocation Decision Making Mechanism?
It is recommended that any non-neutral procedures be further examined and potentially eliminated. It was also recognized that significant expert consensus on multiple factors was required in order to make resource allocation decisions. As a result of this research, it is recommended that resource allocation decisions should be based on a multi factorial algorithm comprised of ongoing expert consensus, available publicly and utilized by OHIP for the determination of resource allocation. The Board’s jurisdiction should be revised.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gilmour, Joan M. (advisor).

Ferreira, L. C. S. (2014). What it is-What it Should Be: An Empirical Analysis of the Effect of Procedures and Substantive Arguments on Adjudicative Tribunal Resource Allocation Decisions. (Doctoral Dissertation). York University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27581

Ferreira LCS. What it is-What it Should Be: An Empirical Analysis of the Effect of Procedures and Substantive Arguments on Adjudicative Tribunal Resource Allocation Decisions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. York University; 2014. [cited 2018 Mar 19].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27581.

Council of Science Editors:

Ferreira LCS. What it is-What it Should Be: An Empirical Analysis of the Effect of Procedures and Substantive Arguments on Adjudicative Tribunal Resource Allocation Decisions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. York University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27581

20.
Germann, Julian.
Pivotal Crisis: State Power and Social Forces in the Making of Neoliberal Capitalism.

► The thesis uses original archival research to outline a novel account of social and world order change in the 1970s—from the collapse of Bretton Woods…
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▼ The thesis uses original archival research to outline a novel account of social and world order change in the 1970s—from the collapse of Bretton Woods to the Reagan Revolution—that shifts the focus of explanation from the strategic vision and unilateral capacity of the US to determine outcomes to the pragmatic attempts of West German political and economic elites to cope with the crisis of post-war capitalism and to harness American power to this end. The main argument is that the parochial way in which German state managers sought to preserve the domestic compact between capital and labour prevented a more progressive and solidaristic resolution of the crisis and created the conditions for the neoliberal counterattack. Anxious to defend its export model against protectionism and inflation, German policy makers mobilized their country’s financial power to counter the interventionist and expansionary remedies of the European Left and to commit the United States in particular to monetary and fiscal discipline. While initially successful, this strategy proved self-defeating as it pushed the US into the Volcker interest rate shock that radically disinflated the world economy and ultimately undermined the basis for the German welfare state and its corporatist balance as well. The dissertation enriches and broadens our understanding of the origins of neoliberal globalization by focusing on an economically dominant state/society complex that is normally held to be inimical to the neoliberal onslaught. The crucial, but largely unintentional, German contribution challenges some of the critical accounts that see neoliberalism as an American imposition (Gowan 1999), a financial coup (Duménil and Lévy 2004), or an ideological conversion (Blyth 2002). My dissertation offers an alternative interpretation of the rise of neoliberalism as driven by a complex process of disembedding in which state power, class interests, and ideas are refracted through the prism of an interdependent world economy, and where the strategic and creative choices that some actors make to deal with the problems they confront reshape the range of options available to others.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lacher, Hannes P. (advisor).

Germann, J. (2014). Pivotal Crisis: State Power and Social Forces in the Making of Neoliberal Capitalism. (Doctoral Dissertation). York University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27583

Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):

Germann, Julian. “Pivotal Crisis: State Power and Social Forces in the Making of Neoliberal Capitalism.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, York University. Accessed March 19, 2018.
http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27583.

MLA Handbook (7th Edition):

Germann, Julian. “Pivotal Crisis: State Power and Social Forces in the Making of Neoliberal Capitalism.” 2014. Web. 19 Mar 2018.

Vancouver:

Germann J. Pivotal Crisis: State Power and Social Forces in the Making of Neoliberal Capitalism. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. York University; 2014. [cited 2018 Mar 19].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27583.

Council of Science Editors:

Germann J. Pivotal Crisis: State Power and Social Forces in the Making of Neoliberal Capitalism. [Doctoral Dissertation]. York University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27583

21.
Cote-Boucher, Karine.
The Micro-Politics of Border Control: Internal Struggles at Canadian Customs.

► This dissertation explores the remaking of Canadian customs from the point of view of border officers tasked with processing trucks and commodities. Historically employed for…
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▼ This dissertation explores the remaking of Canadian customs from the point of view of border officers tasked with processing trucks and commodities. Historically employed for tax collection, border authorities have gradually been incorporated into security provision and trade facilitation. This has entailed the pluralization of public and private actors who have a stake in border regulation as well as the design of a series of organizational reforms, new customs programs, border technologies and intelligence-led policing strategies. As a result, there has been a disembedding of borderwork and a displacement of decision-making away from ports of entry. Frontline security professionals negotiate these changes in ways that have consequences for our understanding of border priorities. In response to the consequences of this new division of labour, including their loss of clout in the security field, customs officers attempt to maintain their hold on border responsibilities by relying on their discretionary powers. Meanwhile, they emphasize the potentially dangerous aspects of their work over the more administrative by deploying an enforcement narrative––one that has recently found its concrete application in their union's successful campaign to obtain arming for its members. While an analysis of the "pistolization" of borderwork indicates the progressive adoption of a policing sensibility by border officers, an examination of their restructured professional socialization reveals the emergence of distinct generational approaches to borderwork. Hiring and training play a central part in shaping "old ways" and "new ways" of doing borderwork. Anchored in divergent temporalities of border control, these internal categorizations of skills and attitudes point to the new registers of distinction mobilized by officers as they negotiate a transitioning security field.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sheptycki, James (advisor).

► Mobile spatio-temporal applications play a key role in many mission critical fields, including Business Intelligence, Traffic Management and Disaster Management. They are characterized by high…
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▼ Mobile spatio-temporal applications play a key role in many mission critical fields, including Business Intelligence, Traffic Management and Disaster Management. They are characterized by high data volume, velocity and large and variable number of mobile users. The design and implementation of these applications should not only consider this variablility, but also support other quality requirements such as performance and cost. In this thesis we propose an architecture for mobile spatio-temporal applications, which enables multiple angles of adaptivity. We also introduce a two-level adaptation mechanism that ensures system performance while facilitating scalability and context-aware adaptivity. We validate the architecture and adaptation mechanisms by implementing a road quality assessment mobile application as a use case and by performing a series of experiments on cloud environment. We show that our proposed architecture can adapt at runtime and maintain service level objectives while offering cost-efficiency and robustness.
Advisors/Committee Members: Litoiu, Marin (advisor).

► The present study investigated individual differences in the relation between ostracism and self-regulation. Previous research shows that being excluded leads to reduced performance on tasks…
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▼ The present study investigated individual differences in the relation between ostracism and self-regulation. Previous research shows that being excluded leads to reduced performance on tasks that require self-regulation. Self-regulation deficits have been linked to many mental health issues, including depression. According to the diathesis-stress theory, depression results from pre-existing vulnerabilities combined with stressful events. Two vulnerabilities to depression are the personality variables sociotropy and autonomy, characterized by high levels of interpersonal dependence and autonomy/achievement, respectively. In this study it was predicted that those high in sociotropy would show greater self-regulation deficits after experiencing ostracism, while those high in autonomy would experience a buffering effect. Participants played a game called Cyberball that includes or excludes the player. They then completed a measure of self-regulation. Results show that sociotropy moderated the relation between ostracism and cookies eaten. This suggests that individuals overly invested in interpersonal relationships react differently to ostracism.
Advisors/Committee Members: McCann, Doug (advisor).

► “Blind” tells the story of a man who quits his job and buys an RV to drive his daughter, who is losing her sight, across…
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▼ “Blind” tells the story of a man who quits his job and buys an RV to drive his daughter, who is losing her sight, across Canada to see the Rocky Mountains before she goes blind.
The film is framed with the narrative device of a voice-over from a “filmmaker” who is contemplating a film he wants to make, about a girl who goes blind. The film comes into being as the filmmaker imagines it, with many details left out, to be decided later, before actually making the film.
The purpose of this thesis support paper is to examine and lay bare my creative process over the course of making the short film, BLIND; to make explicit, for myself, a process that has always been instinctual. In addition to a brief overview of some theorectical frameworks, this will involve an examination of the sources and references that I drew upon in creating the film, and more importantly, an analysis of the deeply personal, challenging insights I have been exposed to in the course of my study.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kazimi, Ali (advisor).

► This dissertation examines the new veiling trend as it is embodied by Jordanian Muslim women. It approaches veiling in terms of being an experience of…
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▼ This dissertation examines the new veiling trend as it is embodied by Jordanian Muslim women. It approaches veiling in terms of being an experience of femininity and desire and unpacks its complex bodily implications. I place the emphasis on one of the trend’s increasingly popular manifestations in particular; namely, the fashionable veiling. By accentuating their bodies and actively engaging the male gaze, fashionably veiled women negotiate the Quranic and cultural limits of the practice and turn it into a fashion-based and desire affirming body project. In addition to engaging the embodiment of the practice, the dissertation explores its shifting conceptualization and the discourses that shape the different forms of Muslim femininity in the country. Alongside Muslim veiling, the dissertation examines Muslim non-veiling as another important constituent of the project of Muslim femininity in Jordan. By exploring Muslim veiling and non-veiling simultaneously, the research draws attention to the interconnectedness of these body projects and underscores the stakes and contingent privileges that accompany a woman’s decision to embody one but not the other.
To explore these aspects, I used the theoretical frameworks of Smith, Foucault, Butler, and Mahmood among others and conducted one-to-one semi-structured in-depth interviews with fifteen veiled and non-veiled Jordanian Muslim women. Starting from the participants’ narratives, I argue that the forms of veiling that are gaining hold in Jordan challenge the Quranic conceptualization of the practice as well as the hegemonic expressions of desire in Islam, but only to a limited extent. While transgressive, these forms reinforce the structures that stand behind the practice and do not disrupt the sexual politics embedded in it.
Advisors/Committee Members: Moghissi, Haideh (advisor).

► The people of South Indian Lake Manitoba are slowly leaving behind a long period of social crisis brought on by the damming of their namesake…
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▼ The people of South Indian Lake Manitoba are slowly leaving behind a long period of social crisis brought on by the damming of their namesake lake in the 1970’s. The environmental devastation still exists, but the community returns to their original village site once a year for a gathering called Kewekapawetan, meaning “going back” or “looking back” in the Cree language. My film documents my interactions with family members at this gathering in 2008, and uses archival and found footage spanning fifty years, to show how this yearly event represents a positive cultural change for the community. As the filmmaker, I am not only documenting these subtly monumental events; I am also tracing my own disconnected personal history to this place. Central to the story is my father’s unwillingness to return to his family home that he left a long time ago, and my own desire to forge new bonds with this “home” where I have never resided. For the community, revisiting the place where our grandparents lived brings hope for the future after a long period of despair. In parallel, my film documents my personal hope that I will be one day be able to unite my family.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hoffman, Philip J (advisor).

► This thesis seeks to understand and recover contemporary social, political and aesthetic value from the often dismissed or marginalized history of Yugoslavian modernism. The significance…
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▼ This thesis seeks to understand and recover contemporary social, political and aesthetic value from the often dismissed or marginalized history of Yugoslavian modernism. The significance and complexity of the Yugoslavian experiment with modernism has often passed unrecognized. It has been dismissed as derivative and marginal or else eclipsed and tainted by the collapse of the Yugoslavian state in the early 1990s. To understand Yugoslavian modernism’s particularity we must recognize that socialist Yugoslavia existed as an in-between political power that negotiated the extremes of the Cold War by building a version of socialism independent from the Soviet model. Its art and culture were equally idiosyncratic. Although Yugoslavian cultural and political elites accepted modernism as a national cultural expression, the way that modernism developed did not strictly follow Western models. As a mixture of various aesthetic, philosophical, and political notions, Yugoslavian modernism can only be described by a political term associated with the international movement that Yugoslavia participated in at the time: Non-Aligned.
I make a parallel between Yugoslavia’s political ambitions to build a country outside of the two Blocs and its rising modernist culture meant to reflect ideas of Non-Alignment, self-managing socialism, and nation-building. Yugoslavian Non-Aligned modernism also had strong anti-imperialist characteristics influenced by the country’s colonial and semi-colonial status vis-à-vis Western Europe. Modernist influences were therefore refracted and changed as they penetrated the Yugoslavian cultural milieu. Artistic and intellectual groups, exhibitions, and political ideas discussed in this thesis show a tendency to oscillate between revolutionary socialist ideas, and more conservative aesthetic and political attitudes. But it is precisely this curious mixture of aesthetic utopianism and aesthetic and political pragmatism that make Yugoslavian modernism interesting and valuable to reconsider now.
Instead of reading Yugoslavian modernism as derivate of predominantly Western forms, we should read it as a form of alternative modernism that developed its complexities not only because of the Western colonial and imperial cultural project, of which Yugoslavia was a part of, but in spite of it. Non-Aligned modernism is therefore both a critique and a continuation of the modernist project and as such deepens our understanding of modernism and its struggle to actualize its progressive ideals.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hill, Richard (advisor).

► Nitrogen oxides are ubiquitous throughout the lower atmosphere and significantly affect the chemistry of the atmosphere, air quality, and climate. A data-set obtained using differential…
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▼ Nitrogen oxides are ubiquitous throughout the lower atmosphere and significantly affect the chemistry of the atmosphere, air quality, and climate. A data-set obtained using differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) was analyzed in order to quantify the NO3, HONO and NO2 concentrations at Saturna Island, and concentrations of N2O5 were calculated. Nocturnal measurements of NO3, NO2 and HONO were also performed using active-DOAS at York University.
A method for calculating the lifetimes of NO3 without assuming a steady-state approximation was determined and non steady-state lifetimes of NO3 were calculated for both studies. The direct (via NO3) and indirect (via N2O5) rate loss constants of NO3 from the combined nocturnal reservoir (NO3+N2O5) were determined as a function of time of night. Measurements of HONO over the polluted open ocean were performed for the first time. Rapidly established steady-states of HONO were observed, persisting throughout the night until sunrise. During the steady-state period (d[HONO]/dt≈0), HONO was independent of the air mass source and NO2, leading to a zero-order HONO formation with respect to NO2, contrary to expectations. Potential reservoirs of HONO were explored and a conceptual model for HONO formation over aqueous surfaces was hypothesized. Subsequently, nocturnal measurements of HONO in the urban area were made at York University for a total of 242 nights. This urban data-set showed two types of HONO behavior. Firstly, a steady-state behavior was clearly observed for a subset of the data-set, similar to that observed in the aqueous environment at Saturna. Secondly, HONO concentrations were observed to highly correlate with NO2 for another subset of the data-set (d([HONO]/[NO2])/dt≈0), showing evidence of first-order behavior as expected for the accepted heterogeneous NO2 hydrolysis mechanism of HONO formation (2NO2 + H2O → HONO + HNO3). Steady-states of HONO were observed during atmospherically unstable nights, while HONO was strongly correlated with NO2 during stable nights. It was discovered that the main parameters distinguishing these two types of behavior were atmospheric stability and NO2 concentration.
Advisors/Committee Members: McLaren, Robert (advisor).

► This project addresses the anomaly evident in the use of religious terms for secular projects. If secularism was a system that intended to free the…
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▼ This project addresses the anomaly evident in the use of religious terms for secular projects. If secularism was a system that intended to free the state from religion and the subject from religious superstition, then why would religious terminology be used in twentieth-century intellectual and cultural secular projects? For example, why would noted Marxist philosopher Walter Benjamin draw on the messianic figure in his “Theses on the Philosophy of History”? Moreover, what could be meant by the identification of the most abject inmate in Auschwitz, a Nazi death camp predominantly populated by European Jews, as the Muselmann? This project argues that the return of the religious terms, messiah and the Muselmann in twentieth-century secular texts is symptomatic of what psychoanalysts define as a trauma.
Freud identifies trauma as evident only in its symptom of compulsive repetition, which motivates a working-through of what was missed. Lacan identifies trauma as the subject’s encounter with the real, where the real is inexplicable and missed, and what returns of the trauma is a remainder of the encounter: Lacan calls this remainder the objet a. The messiah and the Muselmann in secular texts are objets a and therefore, stand as a return of a trauma. Since these two religious terms seem to have no relation to each other apart from being of the religious within secularism, which is a system that has excluded religious presence in the operations of the state, then the objets a would suggest that the trauma is located within secularism itself. What is this trauma and where does it come from?
Taking into account the limitations of psychoanalytic hermeneutics, which stresses that the original trauma is forever lost to us, this project traces a connection between contemporary secular messianism and the largest group of earliest-extant texts citing the messiah, St. Paul’s letters. On establishing the connection between Pauline messianism and the twentieth-century terms, messiah and Muselmann, I provide an analysis of four ‘case studies’ of the trauma of secularism expressed in twentieth-century philosophical texts and contemporary cultural works.
Advisors/Committee Members: Balfour, Ian G. (advisor).

Principe, C. V. (2014). Messiah, Muselmann and the Return of Paul's Real: Evidence for a Trauma of Secularism. (Doctoral Dissertation). York University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10315/27598

► The central claim of my dissertation is that the work of Theodor Adorno offers a valuable framework for reevaluating the philosophical heritage of classical social…
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▼ The central claim of my dissertation is that the work of Theodor Adorno offers a valuable framework for reevaluating the philosophical heritage of classical social theory. In his ongoing engagement with the philosophy of German Idealism, and with Hegel in particular, Adorno’s philosophical, sociological, and cultural critical writings involve a critical rethinking of the relationship between subject and object, and between individual and society. I make two primary arguments to substantiate my claim. The first is that Adorno’s work must be understood within the context of the philosophy of Kant and Hegel. In particular, I show that Hegel’s critique of Kantian philosophy structures Adorno’s own understanding of the work of philosophy and of critical social theory. In the first part of the dissertation, I review the substance of Kantian epistemology, and of Hegel’s critique (Chapter 2); I then demonstrate that the Adorno’s critical philosophical procedure is grounded in his reading of Kant and Hegel (Chapter 3). My second primary argument is that Adorno’s attempt to articulate a critique of classical social theory is hampered by his own philosophical commitments. Through a juxtaposition of Marx’s critique of Hegel’s practical philosophy with Adorno’s own critique of Hegel (Chapter 4), I show that Adorno’s commitment to the negativity of the dialectic entails a conception of social theory that has not sufficiently addressed the implications of its materialist transformation. Adorno’s work relies upon a reduction of Hegel that remains problematic and unacknowledged. Next, I use a reading of Durkheim’s own philosophical commitments, through the lens of German Idealism, to show that Adorno’s immanent critique of Durkheim reproduces the aporiae that it seeks to rescue (Chapter 5). In the conclusion to the thesis (Chapter 6), I employ a discussion of the common themes and problems of Adorno’s critical-philosophical interpretation of classical social theory to suggest a reconsideration and renewal of its Hegelian heritage.
Advisors/Committee Members: Singer, Brian C J (advisor).