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Zara clothing stores has developed a system that can order new fashions and deliver them to the store in only three weeks. It uses ____ to pass information to the next person in the line of development.

In matrix departmentalization, as in other forms of departmentalization, most employees report to a single boss.

Organizational authority is traditionally characterized by ____.

A military expert describes how the military forces were organized for Operation Desert Storm as pooled interdependence. This means that each branch of the military that took part in the operation ____.

____ involves assigning direct authority and responsibility to a subordinate to complete tasks for which the manager is normally responsible.

Decentralization...

A(n) ____ organization is one that is characterized by broadly defined jobs and responsibilities; loosely defined, frequently changing roles; and decentralized authority and horizontal communication based on task knowledge.

A park, recreation, and open space (PROS) cooperative is a recognized association of park, recreation, open space, and related entities united voluntarily. PROS cooperatives conserve the diversity of valued resources and recreation opportunities for the benefit these afford individuals, communities, the economy, and the environment. A PROS cooperative is an example of a ____ organization.

A(n) ____ function is an activity that contributes directly to creating or selling the company's products.

Like most large U.S. hospitals, University Health Care System spends an enormous amount on patient supplies, The hospital has more than 15,000 individual products that are purchased on a routine basis. Its purchasing manager instituted a hospital-wide purchasing policy that gave a specific code to each individual item. In other words, the purchasing manager engaged in ____.

Specialized jobs are generally inefficient.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of functional departmentalization?

Refer to Yahoo!. After restructuring, Yahoo's four new departments were consumer services, marketing services, business and enterprise services, and premium services. What type of organizational structure did Yahoo adopt during its restructuring?

One of the key assumptions underlying the chain of command is ____, which means that workers should report to just one supervisor.

____ departmentalization is notorious for confusion and conflict between project managers in different areas of the organization.

Empowerment can lead to changes in organizational processes because meaning, competence, impact, and self-determination produce empowered employees who take active rather than passive roles in their work.