6 Claims. (Cl. 260458) FORMULA I Y Y R-D (IL -R2) PIG-R5- C OM in which R is a hydrocarbon radical of at least 6 carbon atoms and for most purposes is 6-18 carbon atoms and may be aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic; D is selected from the class consisting of CH and CONHRz; R2 is unsubstituted or hydroxy substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 2-4 carbon atoms, such as CzH4, CsHs, CsHsOH; Y is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, R7 and RsCOOM; R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 1-4 carbon atoms, such as CH2, Cal-I4, CsHs, C4Hs or an hydroxy substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 2-4 carbon atoms, such as CHzCHOI-ICHz, or an aliphatic ether group of 3-4 carbon atoms containing a single ether oxygen linkage therein and otherwise being hydrocarbon or hydroxy substituted hydrocarbon; R is selected from the class consisting of CH and monovalent radicals otherwise defined as R2 such as CzHs, Cal-I7, CHzOH, C2II4OH, etc.; a is an integer in the range of 1-5; M is an alkali metal and preferably sodium or potassium.

Said polyamino acid metal salts may be produced in a number of different ways well known to the art. For example, RCOOH may be reacted with a polyamine NH2R2(NHRZ)$NH2 in the mole proportion of 1 to l and water of reaction is removed in the well known manner to provide:

RCONHR2(NHR2)NH2 For example, a hydrocarbon chloride RCHzCl is reacted with a polyamine NH2R2NH2 in the mole proportion of 1 to l andthe hydrochloride of reaction is removed with caustic soda to produce:

For example a hydrocarbon chloride RCHzCl may be reacted with H(NHR2)NH2 in the mole proportion of l to 1 and the hydrochloride of reaction is removed with caustic soda to provide:

RCHz (NI-1R2 2NH2 Compounds of the last formula may be produced by reacting RNH with ethylene oxide and ammonia.

Many polyamines are readily available in large commercial quantities. These amines are preferably employed in the production of my starting materials of this invention and have the following formulas and hereinafter known as reactants A, B, C, and D respectively:

These particular polyamines are generally produced by reacting ethylene oxide with ammonia. Polyamines containing additional ethyl amino groups can be obtained in the same manner. By employing propylene oxide instead of ethylene oxide homologues of the polyamines above set forth may be obtained, which contain propyl groups instead of the ethyl groups therein.

For example, glycerol polyamines may be prepared by reacting 1 mole of epichlorhydrin is reacted with 2 moles of aqueous ammonia in the well known manner to produce NHzCI-IzCI-IOHCI-IzNHzI-ICI which is treated with caustic soda to remove the HCl to provide reactant E.

NHzCHzCHOHCI-IzNHz which may be reacted with RCH2C1 in equirnolecular proportions to provide compounds:

which may be employed in the production of starting materials.

Said NHzCHzCHOHCHzNHz may be reacted with NHZCHZCHOHCHZCI in the mole proportion of 1 to 1 and subsequently treated with caustic soda to remove the HCl to provide reactant F.

Said NHzCHzCHOHCHzNHz may be reacted epichlorhydrin in the mole ratio of 2 to l and subsequently treated with caustic soda to obtain reactant G.

NHQCHzCHOHCI-IzNHCHzCHOHCHz NHCHzCHOHCHzNHz For example, butyl polyamines may be obtained by reacting butyl diamine NH'zCrI-IaNHz with butyl dichloride in the mole proportion of 2-1 and in the presence. of caustic soda to obtain reactant H.

NHzCtHsNHCrI-IeNI-ICeHsNHz For example 1 mole of said polyamines examples of which are reactants A-H may be respectively reacted with 1 mole respectively of lauryl bromide C11H23.-CH 2--Br, capric bromide, C9l-li9CI-I2-Br, nonyl benzyl chloride C9H19CsH4CHzCl and subsequently treated with caustic soda to remove the HCl or HBr formed in the course of reaction to produce compounds in which a hydrogen of only one-of the terminal NH groups is replaced by C11H23-CH2-, C9H19-C Hz, CsH19CsH4--CH2-- with such methods being known to the art.

until 1 mole of water of reaction has been formed and removed to provide compounds in which C11H2sCO-, CH19-CO-, and CsH19CsH4CO- respectively are substituted for a single hydrogen of only one of the terminal NHz groups, such methods being well known to the art.

The starting materials of this invention may be produced by reacting a polyamine which is at least a diamine with R-CHshalogen and subsequently treated with caustic soda, or a polyamine which is at least a triamine with RCOOH to provide Y R-D-(dI-Rr) n NHB which may be reacted with monohalocarboxylic acid together with caustic soda or potassium hydroxide. The monohalocarboxylic acid generally used may be monochloracetic, monochlorlactic, monochlorpropionic, etc. so that R is CH2, C2H4, CsHa, C4Hs, CHzCHOI-l, etc. In general the reaction is carriedout by employing 1 mole of said compound and 1 or more moles of monohalocar- .boxylic acid and 2 moles of caustic soda or potassium hydroxide for each mole of monohalocarboxylic acid used. If the number of moles of monohalocarboxylic acid employed is less the number of hydrogens on the amine groups, apart from the H of the CONH group if said group is present, then 1 or more of them if desired may be reacted with CHaCl, C2H5Cl, CsH'zCl, ethylene chlorhydrin etc. then with caustic to provide radicals such as CaHs, Cal-I7, C2H4OH etc. for one or more of such hydrogens.

The following are given merely by way of illustrating in general methods well known to the art for producing examples of starting materials which may be employed in the practice of this invention.

Examples A-H 1 mole of C11H2sCH2NHC2H4NH2 is reacted with 1 mole of monochloracetic acid together with 2 moles of caustic soda to provide product A:

1 mole of product A is reacted with 1 mole of monochlorlactic acid together with 2 moles of caustic soda to provide a mixture of product B and product B-l of the following formulas:

H nHzs- H2 OZHAN/ CHr-O O 0 N8.

H CHnCHOEL-COONa and OHSCHOH-OO ONa OuHts-CHz-NHCzHt-N CHz- C O O Na 1 mole of mixture of products B and B-1' is reacted with 1 mole of monochlorpropionic acid together with 2 moles of caustic soda to provide products C and 0-1 which are the same as products B and B-1 respectively except that C2H4COONa is substituted for the hydrogens thereof attached directly to the nitrogens.

' 1 mole of product A is reacted with 2 moles respectively of methyl chloride and subsequently treated with caustic soda to remove the HCl of reaction to provide product D:

1 mole of product A is reacted with 2 moles of ethylene chlorhydrin and 2 moles of caustic soda to provide product E:

CHE-CO 0N5 Using the same type of reactants as those employed for the production of product A except that are respectively substituted for the radical C11H23CH2 to provide products G and H which are the same as product F, except that said two radicals are respectively substituted for the C11H23-CH2 of product F.

Examples I-CC 1 mole of C11H23CHzNHC2H4(NHC2H4)sNHz is reacted with 1 mole of monochloracetic acid together with 2 moles of caustic soda to replace a hydrogen of the NHz with CH2COONa to provide product I.

1 mole of product I is reacted with 1-5 moles respectively of monochloracetic acid and 2-10 moles of caustic soda respectively to replace 1-5 of the hydrogen atoms attached directly to the nitrogen atoms thereof with 1-5 of -CHzCOONa to provide products J-N.

1 mole of product I is reacted with 1-5 moles respectively of ethylene chlorhydrin and caustic soda to replace 1-5 of the atoms attached directly to the nitrogen atoms thereof with 1-5 of -C2H4OH to provide products 0-8.

1 mole of product I is reacted with 1-4 moles respectively of ethylene chlorhydrin and caustic soda to replace 1-4 of the hydrogens attached directly to the nitrogen atoms with -CzH4OI-l to provide products T-W.

1 mole of product K is reacted with 1-3 moles respectively of ethylene chlorhydrin and caustic soda to replace l-3 of the hydrogen atoms attached directly to the nitrogen atoms with -C2H4OH to provide products X-Z.

1 mole of product L is reacted with l-2 moles respectively of ethylene chlorhydrin and caustic soda to replace 1-2 of the hydrogen atoms attached directly to the nitrogen atoms with C2H4OH to provide products AA and BB.

1 mole of product M is reacted with 1 mole of ethylene chlorhydrin and caustic soda to replace the single hydrogen connected directly to a nitrogen atom with -C2H4OH to provide product CC.

Examples DD-Il 1 mole of C11H23-CONH-C2H4NHC2H4NH2 is reacted with 1 mole of monochloracetic acid together with 2 moles of caustic soda to provide product DD:

1 mole of product DD is reacted with l-2 moles respectively of monochloracetic acid and 2-4 moles of caustic soda respectively to provide respective products EE and FF having the following respective formulas:

zHiOH CHB-COON hydrin and then treated with 6 moles of caustic soda, and whereby two CHzCOONa groups and twov C2 Hi0I-l OH OH groups replace the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen groups other than that in the CONHCzI-Is groups The CiiHis- ONHCzH4NC2Hi product is W.

,H4OH CHPCOOM. The specific nionocarboxylic acids, as well as the spe- 1 mole of product HH is reacted with 2 moles of cifie monohalomonoearboxylic acids employed in certain monochloracetic acid and 2 moles of monochlorlactic am k may be la by 9 as may be i acid respectively together with 4 moles of caustic soda varother the sPeclfic i k 9 Prelude respectively to provide products HH and II of the fola great number of qther Starting matnalst which dlfier lowing respective formulas: from those set forth in the examples heretofore setforth.

Prior to T1118 invention, it was known that cationic sur- CHQCHPCOOM face active agents and anionic surface active agents when CiiHiii-C0NH-C2H4NC2H4N together in aqueous solution resulted in the production CHPCOOM or formation of water insoluble compounds, and that adding an anionic surface active agent to an aqueous solu- CQHOCHPCOONE tion of another anionic surface active agent resulted in and a mere physical combination of said agents and that no CH*CHiCHOHCOONa reaction would occur between them. c,,in8-ooNH oiH4NoHiN Said polyamino acid metal salts normally behave CHPCOONa anionically in aqueous solutions having a pH above 7, and consequently it was expected that said polyamino CZHO CHzCHOH-OOON acid metal salts when in aqueous solution together with Examples J] KK agionicnsurfaize aggnttil tthat thiy would bet combinig p ysica y on y an a no c emicareacion wou 32:3 ::igf fgz gfi ggg? fifg :2; occur therebetween. In the course of my experimentafeactant E 8 1 1(1 using iaustic soda, is reacted with l and i hillve discovered ihlat Saidt acid metal 3 moles respectively of monochlorpropionic acid together sa ts cou d be reacted with certain anionic surface act ve with 2 and 6 moles of caustic soda respectively to pro agents at 3 PH above to produce-wat-elpsoluble reacnon r 30 products. Not only did I make said discovery, but I forproducts H and IXK respectlvely' thei discovered that water solutions of such reaction produts had viscosities greater than corresponding aque- CQHXPCQHPCHFNHQECHOHCHZN ous solutions of polyamino acid metal salts and also CQHPCOONa exhibited better foaming characteristics than did said 40 polyamino acid metal salts in very low dilutions under and extreme water hardness conditions. Said reaction prod- O2H4-COON$ ucts are non-toxic and non-irritating to the human skin. CQILFCSHPCHPNCHBOHOHCHN They have been found eminently useful as general utility Y detergents, such as for car washing, dish washing, clothes ZHi-fCOOLQ Gilli-C washing, et-c. Said polyamino acid metal salts" as Well Examples L as compounds of Formula II, hereinafter described and 1 mole of cnnzasoNncziiiiNi-iczni Quin is re- Physical mixtures Said Y F acid metal (NHCHzCHOCHzhNI-Iz, produced by reacting 1 mole salts and compounds of H t 9 of H w 1 mole f reactant G is ponents-of shampoos sometimes caused sl ght irritation reacted with 1 mole of monochloracetic acid together Slmgmg 0f the y when $11611 S P were used with 2 moles of potassium hydroxide to provide prodand water solutions thereof accidentally reached the eyes. not LL: I have further discovered that the reaction products of /H C5H11-C6H4-CONHCHICHOHCH2(NI'ICH2CHOHCH2)IN CHa-COOK 60 this invention caused practically no irritation or stinging Examples MM VV of the eyes when so employed.

1 mole of C11H23CONHC2H4 NHC2HQ3NH2 is According to this invention, one or a combination of acted with 1 mole of monochloracetic acid together with two or W of said Polyammo meta.l salts of the 2 moles of caustic soda, whereby a hydrogen of the NI-Iz 9 l qi i Formula I F feasted 'f' a group is replaced by CHzCOON'a which is product. MM. p f a two or more anion-1c Surface acnve aggms 1 mole of product MM is reacted with 14 moles f h followmg gn structural Formula II to P respectively of nionochloracetic acid together with 2-8 vlde novel i lb u haimg l w g moles of caustic soda to provide products NN, 0O, l e m m and hallmg hlgh wetting PP, and QQ which are compounds the same as MM, d 'hg urface m propemes. and capable except that l4 of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogens i f m volilmmous and w d M ss. 501m other than that of the CONHCZHQ group are replaced 99 which afiluemls Sohmons are substannany P93 by cH2CO0Na irritating to the skin and eyes of normal human beings.

1 mole of product MM is reacted with 1--4 moles respectively of ethylene chiorhydrin and then treated with FORMULA H caustic soda, whereby 1-4 of the hydrogens thereof con R3'Z(C2H4O)SO3 -M 6 nected to such nitrogens other than that in the CONHCzH4 group is replaced by C2H4O'H to provide products RR, SS, TT, and UU.

1 mole of product MM is reacted with a mixture of 2 moles of' monochloracetic acid and 2 moles of chloravsnase FORMULA m H m-zo rnmrsoi b wherein R3 is a hydrocarbon radical, generally aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic, and having at least 6 carbon atoms and for most purposes 6-20 carbon atoms; Z is either oxygen orsulphur; and x is an integer and being at least 1 and generally 1-5, and preferably 3; M, R, D, R2, Rs Y, and a have heretofore been defined in Formula I; and b is zero to 5 and no greater than a; c is zero to 1; the sum of b and c is at least 1.

According to this invention, I react a compound of Formula I with a compound'of Formula II to provide the novel and highly useful compounds of Formula III In general, this-reaction is carried out in a solution containing Compounds I and II and to which a quantity of an acidic agent such a a strong mineral acid, as for example hydrochloric, sulphuric or'its equivalent, has been added to lower the pH of the solution to a value of approximately 7 to approximately 9 and while maintaining the mass at a temperature between approximately 100-200 F. In this reaction under the'aforesaid conditions, the compounds of Formula IH are produced, said compounds having high water solubility in spite of the fact that the number of carbon atoms in R3 is 6 or more. Such compounds of Formula III have an unexpected extremely high water-solubility, while the corresponding salts of cationic compounds are water-insoluble. The resultant aqueous solution can be used directly as a surface active agent, wetting agent or detergent for the purposes indicated for the polyamino acid metal salts. While the quantities of the compound of Formula I and com- 3 solve about I mole of a compound of Formula I in a r quantity of water measuring about 1.5 times the weight of compound of Formula I used and then the pH thereof is adjusted to approximately 12-13 (measured electrically) by the addition of aqueous caustic soda if required so that when a compound of Formula II is added thereto, the pH of the solution of I and II will be at least and generally 10.5-11. The temperature of said solution is raised to 100-200 F. and preferably in factory practice to approximately 140 F. Then about 1-5 moles of a compound of Formula II is dissolved in a quantity of water measuring by weight 1.5 times the quantity of compound of Formula II in .a separate container and this solution is added to said first solution and the mass is maintained in said temperature range while beng constantly stirred, and an acidic agent is added thereto to reduce the pH thereof to a value be: low 10 and in the range of approximately 7 to 9, and preferably of approximately 8.2 to approximately 8.7. At the end of the acidic agent addition, the stirring is continued and the temperature of the mass maintained for about 10-20 minutes after which the solution is allowed to cool and is a finished product. i

The following are specific examples merely given by way of illustrating theinvention and are not to be taken 8 by way of limitation, all parts being given by weight unless otherwise specified.

Example I An aqueous solution of 310 parts of product A in 460 parts of water is heated to approximately F. and its pH (measured electrically) is adjusted by the addition of aqueous caustic soda to 12-13. While being constantly stirred and maintained at that temperature, there is added a solution of 400 parts of sodium salt of lauryldiethoxyether sulfate:

in 600 parts of water. Then while stirring and the temperature is maintained, there is added thereto. between about 30-40 parts of hydrochloric acid solution (32%), whereby the pH of the mass is lowered to a value in the range of 8.2 to 8.7. Stirring is continued and the temperature maintained for about 10 minutes more. The resultant product is a solution of the novel reaction product, having the following formula:

' H C1 Hz3-CH3-NH CEH4NCHZCO CNS Employ the same procedure and components as set forth in Example 1, except that only 200 parts of sodium salt of lauryldicthoxyether sulfate:

in 300 parts of water are used. In this instance the resultant product is a solution of the novel reaction product whose structural formula is shown in Example 1 together with unreacted product A used, in the approximate proportion of 2 parts of the former to 1 of the latter.

Also if desired, using the same procedure and components of Example 1, except that 2 moles of compound of Formula I, such as 620 parts of product A in 800 parts of'water and l-3 moles of compound ofFormula H, such as 400-1200 parts of sodium salt of lauryldiethoxyether sulphate in 600-1800 parts of water to provide novel reaction product of Example A with excess of either product A or the sulfate salt.

Employ the same procedure as that set forth in Example 1, but employ the components indicated in the following examples; the quantity of hydrochloric acid solution (32%) is variable to lower the pH to values indicated in Example 1 to obtain the novel reaction products of the following examples.

Follow-mg the same procedure as that set forth in Example 6 Example 1 and employing 1 mol of any of said other 850 parts of product N in 1300 parts of Waten 600 starting materials of Formula I respectively, and 1 mol parts of stearoylpentethoxy thioether sulfate sodium salt: of any of the other SPeclfiC COmPOHPdS of Formula in parts of waten a great number of other novel reaction products whose formulas are that of Formula III may be produced; and FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT in addition, the specific reactants employed may differ C17II3iS(C2H4O)5 SO3 CH2-COONE from those employed herein, with-in the definitions there- '41() parts of product GG in 620 parts of water. 350 to approximately For examp E and K may be solved together and this solution may, by the addition f i g izig g g i s gfg f g gg g' fi of caustic soda when required, have its pH adjusted to B 6 2 2 P at least 10, and then at 100400" F. is ready for the of Water addition of the acidic agent to lower its pH to approxi- FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT mately 7 to approximately 9. If desired, the required OiHtOE H amount of acidic agent may be added either before or C11H23 CONH C2H4NO2H4 N/ after the solution of pH of at least 10 is brought to a temperature in the range of IUD-200 F.

Since certain changes in carrying out the aforesaid processes and certain modifications in the compositions CHHQWCHWNQHNCZHNCZENCZHN of, to provide a great number of other compounds of Formula III.

H CHPCOON It is to be understood that instead of first adjusting CHz-COON'A the pH of the compound of Formula I to 12-13 before i I CHPCOONQ V 60 the addition of the compound of Formula II, any other i 1 method may be employed to obtain the condition wherei CLPCOON by the pH of the solution of I and II is at least 10 and CH2OOONa preferably 10.5-1'1 before the addition of the acidic Example 7 agent to lower the pH of the mass to approximately 7 which embody the invention may be made without departing from its scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to. cover all the generic andspecific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of [R3-Z(C2H40)r-SO3 c in which R is selected from the class consisting of aliphatic and aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon radicals of 6-18 carbon atoms; D is selected from the class consisting of CH2 and CONHRz; R2 is selected from the class consisting of (a) aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals of 2-4 carbon atoms, (b) hydroxy substituted hydrocarbon radicals of 2-4 carbon atoms; Y is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, (d) R7 and (e) RCOOM; R5 is selected from the class consisting of (f) hydrocarbon groups of 1-4 carbon atoms, (g) hydroxy substituted hydrocarbon groups of 2-4 carbon atoms, (11) ether groups, each of said groups being of 3-4 carbon atoms, having a single ether oxygen linkage therein and otherwise being hydrocarbon, (i) ether groups, each of said groups being of 3-4 carbon atoms, having a single ether linkage therein and otherwise being hydroxy substituted hydrocarbon; R1 is selected from the group consisting of CH: and monovalent radicals otherwise defined in R2; a is 1-5; b is zero to 5 and no greater than a; c is zero to l; the sum of b and c is at least 1; R3 is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and aliphaticaromatic hydrocarbon radicals of 6-20 carbon atoms; Z is selected from the group consisting of sulphur and oxygen; x is 1-5; and M is an alkali metal.

2. A compound defined in claim 1, and with R, D, R2, R3, R4 and R5 being hydrocarbon as therein defined, each Y being hydrogen and Z being sulfur.

3. A compound defined in claim 1, and with D being CONHRz and R, R2, R3, R4 and R5 being hydrocarbon as therein defined, each Y being hydrogen and Z being sulfur.

4. A compound defined in claim 1, and with R, D, M, R3, R4 and R5 being hydrocarbon as therein defined, each Y being hydrogen and Z being oxygen.

5. A compound defined in claim 1 and with D being CONHRa and R, R2, R3, R4 and R5 being hydrocarbon as therein defined and each Y being hydrogen and Z being oxygen.

6. A compound defined in claim 1, and with R, D, R2, R3, R4 and R5 being hydrocarbon as being therein defined and each Y being RsCOOM as therein defined and Z being oxygen.