FAQ's

Vacuoles in MDCK cells (ATCC® CCL-34 ™) are often a sign of stress. Some causes of stress include:

Too little L-glutamine in the medium.

Inappropriate addition of anti-fungal agents to the medium.

Improper CO2 environment for the sodium bicarbonate concentration in the medium.

Nutrient depletion of the medium.

Build-up of toxic metabolites in the medium.

It is also important to note that Mycoplasma contamination can also cause changes in morphology, including vacuoles. Continuously cultured cell lines should be routinely tested for mycoplasma and other microbial contamination.