In the first study, using a randomized experiment to measure the impact of
school vouchers on college enrollment, Matthew Chingos and Paul Peterson,
professor of government at Harvard University, examine the college-going
behavior through 2011 of students who participated in a voucher experiment as
elementary school students in the late 1990s. They find no overall impacts on
college enrollment but do find large, statistically significant positive impacts
on the college going of African-American students who participated in the
study.

Their estimates indicate that using a voucher to attend private
school increased the overall college enrollment rate among African Americans by
24 percent.