Introduction to o:XML

Object
oriented programming is facilitated by o:XML while being a markup language.
o:XML is an object oriented programming language and also a markup language.
With the o:XML you can create program codes easily with the objected oriented
features. The paradigms of object orientation are also present in this
programming language.

You can use an UML editor to generate the programming codes in o:XML or
use any XML editor to write your code for o:XML. The output of an o:XML
program could be an XML document itself. Using appropriate transformation
engines you can convert your o:XML programs to produce codes in Java or
C++. There is an interpreter called ObjectBox which can be used to interpret
your o:XML code and produce output directly without using a transformation
engine. This is the workflow for o:XML programming.

Let us look
at a simple program in o:XML which will give you an idea about programming
in o:XML.

In the above
program you can see that the structure of the program is the same as an
XML document. The root node for this program is the element <o:program>.
Classes of objects in o:XML are called Types. These Types are nodes in
o:XML. In the above example you can see a Type identified by MyProgram.
Since Types are classes you need to create an instance of
the class before you can work on it. To create an instance you can use
the element <o:set> as given in the above example. The line of code
<o:set instMP="MyProgram()"/> creates an instance
of Type MyProgram called instMP. Like you have methods within
classes you can have functions within Types. A function named DisplayText
is given in the above example which is used to display the text Hi,
this is my first program in oXML. The line of code in the program,
<o:eval select="$instMP.DisplayText()"/>, is used to call
the function DisplayText to display the text. Within the function DisplayText,
an <o:do> element is used to perform some action. In this example
we are just using the element <o:return> to return the text that
needs to the displayed.

We have already
said that the output of an o:XML program is in the form of an XML document,
you can use this output to produce any type of content for display using
a transformation engine. Let us see an example to produce an XML node
from o:XML. Suppose you want to create an XML node with some attribute
like,

The element
<o:element> is used in o:XML to create elements in the output of
the program. The element <o:attribute> is used to create the attributes
for the elements created. You may note that the attributes are created
in two different ways. You can use the select attribute of
the element <o:attribute> to assign a value to the attribute of
the output XML. It is also possible to enclose the value of the attribute
using the <o:attribute>s opening and closing tags.

All the programming
features of other languages along with object orientation paradigms are
possible in o:XML. Conditional looping or display of values are done using
the elements like <o:if>, <o:choose>, and <o:while>.
Consider the statements given below:

The <o:choose
element of the o:XML programming language is similar to the Select,
Case, End Select statement for conditional processing
of statements in other programming languages. In the example given above
the condition is checked using the <o:when> element. If the condition
is True the statement enclosed within that <o:when> element is executed
otherwise the next is statement is checked. The conditions are checked
until the first True condition is encountered. If none of the conditions
are True then the statement within the <o:otherwise> element is
executed. The <o:log> element is used to log messages during program
execution. The o:XML engine ObjectBox has features to log messages during
runtime.

Exception
handling is one of the important features of object oriented programming
that is necessary for efficient programming. This feature is supported
in o:XML by the elements, <o:throw> and <o:catch>. Upon checking
a condition or state the <o:throw> element is used to throw an exception
and that exception is caught by the <o:catch> element.

For applications
to perform efficiently concurrent executions using threads are done. Threads
are supported by o:XML using the element <o:thread>. The element
<o:set> is used to initiate a thread and to pass on execution to
other statements.

<o:set
thread="SomeFunction()"/>

The above
statement initiates a function called SomeFunction as a thread
and the execution goes to the next statement. There are many other programming
statements in o:XML as found in other Object Oriented Programming languages.
You can refer to the url http://www.o-xml.org/
for more details of the o:XML programming language. With its functionality
and ease of use we can expect that the o:XML as a markup language and
programming language would take XML programming to higher levels in the
future.

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