Impingement syndrome of the shoulder joint
In impingement syndrome, the space between the bony acromion and the muscle cuff above the humeral head (the subacromial space) is reduced because of a congenital hook-shaped acromion.[More]

Tear of a muscle of the rotary cup (rotator cuff rupture)
The rotator cuff is responsible for the strength of the shoulder during overhead work. It consists of a total of four tendons. The main tendon is the supraspinatus tendon, which is most commonly affected by injury.[More]

Inflammation of the shoulder capsule, followed by shoulder stiffness
A nonbacterial inflammation of the shoulder capsule causes a progressive limitation of shoulder movements until the joint stiffens completely. Three stages are known: the freezing process, the frozen state, and the thawing process.[More]

Tendon calcification (tendinosis calcarea)
Calcification of the muscle cuff above the humeral head may, depending on the degree of activity, lead to major complaints of the shoulder involved.[More]

Cartilage replacement procedure for cartilage damage (chondroplasty)
Cartilage damage in young patients can lead to early abrasion of the joint and to the development of arthritis.[More]

Loose bodies in the knee joint
Loose bodies in the knee joint may be bone-cartilage fragments, pieces of bone resulting from abrasion, or bodies of a congenital nature.[More]

Injuries of the inner and outer meniscus (meniscopathies)
The inner and outer menisci are subjected to pressure and load redistribution between the thighbone and the head of the shinbone on a daily basis.[More]

Correction of a congenitally dislocated knee cap (femoropatellar dysplasia)
A congenital condition known as patella lateralisata can cause kneecaps to have the tendency to not move correctly in the trochlear groove.[More]

Tendonitis of the elbow joint (epicondylopathy)
The causes of both forms of the disease are an excessive or inappropriate load as a result of professional or athletic activity.[More]

Adhesions in the exterior subtalar joint line (meniscoid syndrome)
As a result of accidental injury to the exterior ligament system of the subtalar joint, an adhesion of the exterior joint line may occur.[More]

Ischemia of the subchondral bone (osteochondritis dissecans)
Ischemia (insufficient blood flow) to the subtalar joint may lead to damage at the interface of the cartilage and the subchondral bone (osteochondritis dissecans). As the illness progresses, a fragment of cartilage and bone may separate itself from the joint coalition and slide into the joint as a loose body.[More]