I'm very sure all those obvious bases are covered. One note is that this is specifically for an FMS instance running CentOS. Not sure if that makes a difference. The outbound port issue does seem to be worth checking. Will come back after checking on that.
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user883210May 23 '12 at 4:05

According to my host, port 22 is open for outbound connections. What is strange, however, is that I can open an SSH connection through my terminal (local machine), but php (host) reports the same error 111 through either phpseclib's NET_SSH2 or directly through the fsockopen command used by phpseclib.
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user883210May 23 '12 at 6:59