Abstract

Introduction-This dissertation will explore the effect of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) on young people. It aims to examine the physiological, psychological and social effects of AIS, which will ultimately work towards determining the overall impact of the condition on young people.

Background-Scoliosis is the curvature of the spine, causing skeletal imbalance. AIS is the most common form of scoliosis effecting adolescents from the age of 10 until skeletal maturity. Spinal curvatures above 40 degrees qualify for surgical treatment. This treatment aims to straighten the curvature using fusion techniques and instrumentation in order to correct the physical deformity. This treatment subsequently aims to reduce the physiological implications associated with untreated AIS, however further psychosocial implications can arise as a result of surgery.

Method-This dissertation takes the form of a critical review.

Findings-Through searching the literature prominent physiological, psychological and social implications of AIS have been established. As a result of the spinal deformity individuals can develop a prominent rib hump, shoulder imbalance and trunk rotation. This physical deformity can cause back pain and in severe cases of untreated AIS, individuals can suffer from reduced pulmonary function and mobility. Additionally the visible disfigurement can impact on adolescents psychologically causing problems with physical appearance and self-esteem, subsequently affecting young people socially as a result of social isolation. Consent to treatment and lack of follow up are prominent issues regarding AIS which are examined in the dissertation. Additionally a further discussion point arose regarding the concept of chronic conditions.

Conclusion-The review has revealed the overall effect of AIS on young people and identified the need for more education on this subject. Nurses need to be educated regarding these effects to understand the true implications of AIS in order to apply the appropriate interventions to adolescents.