the values are based on lvl 70. and they are usefull for endgame content. (vs lvl 73 mobs and bosses).
it gives an optimal balance between add-damage and all other stats.
read this thread to get the full math behind these values.

However can you explain exactly the difference between the two scales, they seem almost identical to me?

FYI, i a fire PVE mage who raids regularly.

In Fire-DAM, stats that do not directly affect your damage are not given any points (i.e. Stamina, MP5). Stats that affect your damage are given points only based on the damage aspect of such a stat -- int is given a lower value due to this.