三、你来试一试下面是2002年6月份的四级考试的简答题部分，请你先做一下，然后再对照标准的评分标准看看自己能得多少分。 Part IV Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words).

As researchers learn more about how children’s intelligence develops, they are increasingly surprised by the power of parents. The power of the school has been replaced by the home. To begin with, all the factors which are part of intelligence – the child’s understanding of language, learning patterns, curiosity – are established well before the child enters school at the age of six. Study after study has shown that even after school begins, children’s achievements have been far more influenced by parents than by teachers. This is particularly true about learning that is language-related. The school rather than the home is given credit for variations in achievement in subjects such as science.

In view of their power, it’s sad to see so many parents not making the most of their child’s intelligence. Until recently parents had been warned by educators who asked them not to educate their children. Many teachers now realize that children cannot be educated only at school and parents are being asked to contribute both before and after the child enters school.

Parents have been particularly afraid to teach reading at home. Of course, children shouldn’t be pushed to read by their parents, but educators have discovered that reading is best taught individually – and the easiest place to do this is at home. Many four- and five-year-olds who have been shown a few letters and taught their sounds will compose single words of their own with them even before they have been taught to read.

Questions:

S1. What have researchers found out about the influence of parents and the school on children’s intelligence?

S2. What do researchers conclude about children’s learning patterns?

S3. In which area may school play a more important role?

S4. Why did many parents fail to make the most of their children’s intelligence?

S5. The author suggests in the last paragraph that parents should be encouraged to ________________________________.

下面是当年的评分标准，括号中是本文作者的说明。

S1: What have researchers found out about the influence of parents and the school on children’s intelligence?

Parents have greater influence than the school.

Parents’ influence is greater than the school’s.

2分

1. The influence of parents is greater than that of school. （说明：下划线的词是关键，少了则扣分。）

2. The power of parents has influenced children more.

3. Parents influence children more than teachers.

4. The power of the school is replaced by parents. （与照搬没有太大的区别，但换了一下时态和“home”。与1.5分档的第2题相比，是不是赚了？）

5. The influence of parents is more important ^. （^表示后面可加上相应的内容，如此题中可加上“than teachers”）

6. The parents are more important than the school.

1.5分

1. ^Far more influenced by parents than by teachers. （语法错误，无主语，无系动词）

2. The power of the school has been replaced by home. （原句照搬）

3. Researchers think that the influence of parents better than school’s. （在better前少了动词“is”；在school’s前还应有“that of”）

4. Parents put more influence than the school on children’s intelligence.

5. Parents influenced ^more than school. （influence少了宾语）

6. Children’s intelligence is ^ influenced by parents than by teachers.

0.5分

They are increasingly surprised by the power of parents. （算是答对了部分内容，给1分；原句照搬，扣0.5）

0分

1. The children’s intelligence develops have been replaced by the home. （主语不对，谓语也用错了。）

2. The school has been replaced by their parents. （关键是主语错了，整个是没理解）

3. Parents are far more influenced than the school.

4. They are increasingly surprised by the power of two place.

5. Researchers have found out the power of them.

6. It is both important for children’s intelligence.

7. The power of the school doesn’t replace by the parents.

8. The power of the home has replaced by the school.

9. They felt surprised by the power of parents than schools.

S2. What do researchers conclude about children’s learning patterns?

They are established well before the age of 6.

2分

1. They are established well before the child enters / they enter school.

2. Children’s learning patterns are established before they enter school.

3. Children’s learning patterns are developed at the early age.

1.5分

1. They are established before entering school at the age of six.

2. Children have learned pattern before 6 years old.

3. establish well before they enter school at six.

4. It was established well before entering school.

5. They’re part of intelligence which are established before entering school.

6. They are formed at 6 before school and at home.

7. They should be taught before school and at home.

8. Parents are important to forming young children’s learning patterns.

9. it is established before school

1分

0.5分

0分

1. Both the teacher and parents are responsible for them.

2. part of learning patterns is established before children enter school.（当时很多少都用了类似的回答，其实是没看懂原句）

3. Children’s learning from parents before six is important.

4. They should be educated before school and at home.

5. They are more influenced by parents than be teachers before schooling.

6. All the factors are established well before they enter school.

7. Children’s intelligence is established well before they enter school.（答非所问）

8. they are part of children’s intelligence.

9. They are far more influenced by parents before entering school.

10. They are concerned with intelligence.

11. children learn from their parents.

S3. In which area may school play a more important role?

Science. （这是最简练的回答）

Science subjects. （这是最正确的回答）

2分

1. In subjects/courses such as science/teaching science.

2. (The) School plays a more important role in science courses. （啰嗦些，但也算答到点子上了）。

3. Education in science.

4. It’s given credit for variations in achievement in science subjects. （基本照抄了原句，但根据问题把主语换了一下。这是很保险的聪明做法！）

5. It is thought to be good at science subjects.

6. In science.

1.5分

1. In achievement in subjects such as science. （in achievement多余）

2. Children learn language at home, science at school （未切中要害）

3. To teach the subjects such as science. （与提问不相配）

4. in other fields except language such as science （含多余信息）

5. variations in achievement in subjects such as science

6. school may play ^important role in science （在^处少了“a more”，太亏了）

7. teaching subjects which is not language related such as science

8. It is given credit in subjects such as science.

1分

1. promote children’s learning in science and other skills

2. In achievement and in subjects as science

0.5分（无）

0分

1. teaching courses which couldn’t be taught be parents

2. subjects such as science and reading （矛盾）

3. There is in achievement in subjects such as science. （这个句型错误表明根本就没看懂文章，也不理解问题）

4. The science and technology knowledge.

5. In giving credit for variation in achievement in subjects like science.

6. In achievement in subjects.

7. giving students credits for variations in science

8. Credit for variations in achievement in subjects such as science

9. Offering variations in achievement in subjects such as science

S4. Why did many parents fail to make the most of their children’s intelligence?

They were told by educators not to educate their children.

2分（要点出they were warned by educators和they didn’t educate their children 两信息）

1999年1月考题Would–be language teachers everywhere have one thing in common: they all want some recognition of their professional status and skills, and a job. The former requirement is obviously important on a personal level, but it is vital if you are to have any chance of finding work.

Ten years ago, the situation was very different. In virtually every developing country, and in many developed countries as well, being a native English speaker was enough to get you employed as an English teacher.

Now employers will only look at teachers who have the knowledge, the skills and attitudes to teach English effectively. The result of this has been to raise non-native English teachers to the same status as their native counter-parts（相对应的人）--- something they have always deserved but seldom enjoyed. Non-natives are happy--- linguistic discrimination（语言上的歧视）is a thing of the past.

An ongoing research project, funded by the University of Cambridge, asked a sample of teachers, educators and employers in more than 40 countries whether they regarded the native /non-native speakers distinction as being at all important. “No” was the answer. As long as candidates can teach and had the required level of English, it didn’t matter who they were and where they came from. Thus, a new form of discrimination--- this time justified because it singled out the unqualified--- liberated the linguistically oppressed（受压迫的）. But the Cambridge did more than just that: it confirmed that the needs of native and non-native teachers were extremely similar.

1. The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on ________.

2.What did non-native English teachers deserve but seldom enjoy?

3. What kind of people can now find a job as an English teacher?

4. What is the result of the “new form of discrimination”(Line 5, Para.4)?

1999年6月Directions: In this part, there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. (15 minutes)

For many women choosing whether to work or not to work outside their home is a luxury: they must work to survive. Others face a hard decision.

Perhaps the easiest choice has to do with economics. One husband said, "Marge and I decided after careful consideration that for her to go back to work at this moment was an extravagance(奢侈) we couldn"t afford." With two preschool children, it soon became clear in their figuring that with babysitters(临时照看小孩 的),transportation, and increased taxes, rather than having more money, they might actually end up with less.

Economic factors are usually the first to be considered, but they are not the most important. The most important aspects of the decision have to do with the emotional needs of each member of the family. It is in this area that husbands and wives find themselves having to face many confusing and conflicting feelings.

There are many women who find that homemaking is boring or who feel imprisoned(被囚人) if they have to stay home with a young child or several children. On the other hand, there are women who think that homemaking gives them the deepest satisfaction.

From my own experience, I would like to suggest that sometimes the decision to go back to work is made in too much haste. There are few decisions that I now regret more. I wasn"t mature enough to see how much I could have gained at home. I regret my impatience to get on with my career. I wish I had allowed myself the luxury of watching the world through my little girl"s eves.

Questions: (注意：答题尽量简短，超过10个词要扣分。每条横线限写一个英语单词，标点符号不占格。)

S1. Which word in the first two paragraphs best explains why many women have to work?

S2. Why did Marge and her husband think it an extravagance for Marge to go back to work?

S3. What are the two major considerations in deciding whether women should go out to work?

S4. Some women would rather do housework and take care of their children than pursue a career because they feel______ .

S5. If given a second chance, the writer would probably choose to ______ .

1997年1月In Britain, the old Road Traffic Act restricted speeds to 2 m. p. h. (miles per hour) in towns and 4 m. p. h. in the country. Later parliament increased the speed limit to 14 m. p. h. But by 1903 the development of the car industry had made it necessary to raise the limit to 20 m. p. h. By 1930, however, the law was so widely ignored that speeding restrictions were done away with altogether. For five years motorists were free to drive at whatever speeds they liked. Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30 m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas, along with the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings.

Speeding is now the most common motoring offence in Britain. Offences for speeding fall into three classes: exceeding the limit on restricted road, exceeding on any road the limit for the vehicle you are driving, and exceeding the 70 m. p. h. limit on any road. A restricted mad is one where the street lamps are 200 yards apart, or more.

The main controversy (争论) surrounding speeding laws is the extent of their safety value. The Ministry of Transport maintains that speed limits reduce accidents. It claims that when the 30 m. p. h. limit was introduced in 1935 there was a fall of 15 percent in fatal accidents. Likewise, when the 40 m. p. h. speed limit was imposed on a number of roads in London in the late fifties, there was a 28 percent reduction in serious accidents. There were also fewer casualties (伤亡)in the year after the 70 m. p. h. motorway limit was imposed in 1966.

In America, however, it is thought that the reduced accident figures are due rather to the increase in traffic density. This is why it has even been suggested that the present speed limits should be done away with completely, or that a guide should be given to inexperienced drivers and the speed limits made advisory, as is done in parts of the USA.

Questions:

1. During which period could British motorists drive without speed limits?

2. What measures were adopted in 1935 in addition to the speeding restrictions?

3. Speeding is a motoring offense a driver commits when he __________.

4. What is the opinion of British authorities concerning speeding laws?

5. What reason do Americans give for the reduction in traffic accidents?1999年1月考题文章导读一个英语教师的标准是什么？是不是只要是a native English speaker就可以了呢？A native English speaker是否就比a non-native English speaker强呢？该篇短文对比了对英语教师过去和现在的职业要求和资格评价的情况，介绍了现在对本族语英语教师和非本族语英语教师一视同仁的变化。 第一题 The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on ________.题解：本题的重要线索是题干中的“used to”。文章的第二段提到“十年前，……只要是a native English speaker，你就足以成为一名英语教师了”。换句话说，就是过去选择英语教师的标准就是看你是不是a native English speaker。所以本题的正确答案可以是：…whether they were English speakers。

要点：（1）注意答案是作“on”宾语，后面又有“是否……”，答案应该用由whether引导的名词性从句；

（2）题干中的“used to”告诉我们答案中也要用过去时态；如果信手写成whether they are English speakers是要扣0.5分的；

（3）题干中的“English teachers”是一个复数，答案中也要用复数。如果信手写成whether he was English speakers是要扣0.5分的；

请参考其它的评分标准：

l 可得2.0分的回答：

1) their nationality

2) whether they were native speakers or not

3) the language the teachers had as mother tongue

4) the job applicants’ nationality

5) where they came from and their mother tongue

l 可得1.5分的回答：

1) whether is a native speaker or not

从句中缺主语，语法错误扣0.5分。

2) their citizenship, whether the job applicants were English speakers or not.

超词，共11个词，扣0.5分。 l 可得1分的回答

1) being a native speaker was enough to get you employed

照抄原文，扣0.5分。与所补充句子语法不搭配，扣0.5分。

2) they were native speakers or not and whether professional status

“whether…or not”句式表达错误，扣0.5分。部分内容与问题无关，扣0.5分。

l 可得0.5分的回答：

1) nation. A English man is enough to be a English teacher.

回答不全面，仅包含部分正确内容，扣0.5分。语法错误（应为，时态错误应为过去时）扣0.5分。

2) Speaking. You should being a native speaker.

回答不全面，包含部分正确内容，得1 分。语言错误，扣0.5分。

l 可得0分的回答：

1) their professional status and skills

2) a personal level

3) a native English speaker

4) the knowledge, the skills and the attitudes.

没有回答出正确内容，不得分。

第二题 What did non-native English teachers deserve but seldom enjoy?题解：本题有较明确的线索，在第三段中有“something they have always deserved but seldom enjoyed”，本题的答案显然是这个“something”，那么它究竟指的是什么呢？答案很简单，在something的前面有一个破折号，去找一找前面的名词短语就是了，所以答案是：the same status as their native counterparts。

要点：问题是以what进行的提问而且问的是事物，所以要以名词的形式作答。由于本题较简单，扣分也比较狠。

l 可得2.0分的回答：.

1) The status that/which the native counterparts have.

2) The same status as the native English teachers

3) Having the same status as those native speakers.

l 可得1.5分的回答：

1) Same status as their native counterparts. 语法错误，应为The same status，扣0.5分。

第五题 The phrase “the linguistically oppressed”(Line 6, Para. 4) refers to those who were_________.题解： 本题的短文中的位置与第四题在同一句话中，但答题的线索却不相同。它的线索其实是基于对全文的理解。本文主要是就英语教师的问题，将过去和现在人们对native English speakers和non-native English speakers的英语教师的态度和评判的标准加以对比。在第二段（问题的第一题）指出在过去，只要是native English speaker，你就能是英语教师了，这暗示人们对native English speaker的盲目倾向；第三段指出了人们现在评判英语教师的标准（第二题），最后一句说，“Non-natives are happy--- linguistic discrimination（语言上的歧视）is a thing of the past”，言外之意是过去Non-natives 在过去是受歧视的。那么“受歧视的”与“受压迫的”明显指的是同一种人，所以本题的答案很简单，就是non-native English speakers 的英语教师，可以用英语表达为：non-native teachers of English。

但本题中有一个陷阱，就是前面的it singled out the unqualified。在过去受压迫的non-native teachers of English中肯定也有合格的和不合格的，所以显然不是所有的non-native teachers of English都被解放了，那些不合格的还是被剔除了。所以如果只答出non-native teachers of English的话，只是理解对了一半，最终本题的正确答案应该是在non-native teachers of English前加上qualified一词。

第一题 Which word in the first two paragraphs best explains why many women have to work?题解： 本题为主旨类题，要求考生总结出妇女工作的原因。在这两段中都提到了survive，可以知道妇女出去工作主要是为了生存。所以本题的答案应该是名词survive。当然，也可以理解为她们是为了挣钱来生存，所以economy或economics也可以算作正确答案。

要点： 注意问题中的which word，因此本题的答案应为一个单词，而不要答成“They must work to survive”一类的话。

第二题 Why did Marge and her husband think it an extravagance for Marge to go back to work?题解： 此题属于细节类问题。文章第二段：玛基和她丈夫认为她重新外出工作对全家来说是一种奢望。他们有两个学龄前的孩子。如果把雇人照看孩子的费用、交通费用和增加的税款加在一起， 那么算下来将不但赚不到钱，收入实际上还可能减少。

或 Because they couldn’t afford the extra payments of double-worker family.

或 Because going back to work might cost more money.

第三题 What are the two major considerations in deciding whether women should go out to work?题解： 题干中的consideration是寻找答案的关键词。从文章中可以在第三段找到consider一词，这一句明确地说“Economic factors are usually the first to be considered”，所以这里的economic factors肯定是答案的一个方面。但问题是“the two major considerations”，所以还有另一方面。根据这句话的下一句话，“The most important aspects of the decision have to do with the emotional needs of each member of the family”可以挑出来，即“the emotional needs”。

第四题 Some women would rather do housework and take care of their children than pursue a career because they feel______ .题解： 本题较为简单，从第四段的对比论述可以知道答案在其最后一句话，即homemaking gives them the deepest satisfaction。

要点： 本题只答出从句部分即为正确答案，不要画蛇添足。

答案： satisfied with homemaking

或 that homemaking gives them the deepest satisfaction

或that homemaking and being with children give them deepest satisfaction

第五题 If given a second chance, the writer would probably choose to ______ .题解： 此题属于推断类题。在第五段里，作者通过自身的体验总结说，不要轻易放弃家庭生活，她对自己迫不及待地出去工作表示后悔，并表示但愿能享受一下与自己的孩子在一起看世界的快乐。由此可断定， 若有机会她宁愿与女儿即家人呆在一起， 所以答案为stay home with her little girl 或 stay home and enjoy family life.

第一题 During which period could British motorists drive without speed limits?题解 这一题要求综合第一段的第3、4、5三句来解答。第三句说到1930“speeding restrictions were done away with altogether”，接下来又说，“For five years motorists were free to drive at whatever speeds they liked”，因此可知，无速度限制的时间是从1930年起（包括1930年），延续了5年，即是1930、1931、1932、1933、1934这五年。最后一句“Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30 m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas”，说明到了1935年，speed limit又实行了。

要点： 提问是“during which period”，答案中只要给出一个时间的表达式就可以了，没有必要以整句作答，以免言多有失。有一位考生这样回答：During 1930 and 1935 could British motorists drive without speed limits. 姑且字数多了一个不说，这个倒装也有点问题。松一点的评委给1.5分，严一点的给1分，你说亏不亏？

答案： From 1930 to 1935.

或between 1930 and 1935

或1930、1931、1932、1933、1934。

第二题 What measures were adopted in 1935 in addition to the speeding restrictions?题解 题干中的1935是寻找答案的明确线索，明显应在第一段的最后一句话“Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas, along with the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings”。题干中的speed restrictions对应于这句话中的a 30 m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas，剩下的自然就是the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings。

要点 本题只要回答出what measures即可，没有必要再加上谓语部分。

答案 Driving tests and pedestrian crossings.

或 The introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings.

第三题 Speeding is a motoring offense a driver commits when he __________.题解 从题干中的“motoring offense”出现在第二段的第一句话。这句话也就是第二段的主题句。它总领了后面对三种speeding的描述，在这三种情况中，speeding都是exceeding the … (speed) limit。

第五题 What reason do Americans give for the reduction in traffic accidents?题解 在四级考试中，也有很多送分的题。本题中的“Americans”告诉我们它的答案肯定在最后一段。其实，只要大体上读懂第四段的第一句话，看出其中的“due（rather）to”是表示原因的即能做出正确答案，即“the increase in traffic density”。

要点 注意与问题所问的方式一致， 否则要扣分。1999年1月考题文章导读一个英语教师的标准是什么？是不是只要是a native English speaker就可以了呢？A native English speaker是否就比a non-native English speaker强呢？该篇短文对比了对英语教师过去和现在的职业要求和资格评价的情况，介绍了现在对本族语英语教师和非本族语英语教师一视同仁的变化。 第一题 The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on ________.题解：本题的重要线索是题干中的“used to”。文章的第二段提到“十年前，……只要是a native English speaker，你就足以成为一名英语教师了”。换句话说，就是过去选择英语教师的标准就是看你是不是a native English speaker。所以本题的正确答案可以是：…whether they were English speakers。

要点：（1）注意答案是作“on”宾语，后面又有“是否……”，答案应该用由whether引导的名词性从句；

（2）题干中的“used to”告诉我们答案中也要用过去时态；如果信手写成whether they are English speakers是要扣0.5分的；

（3）题干中的“English teachers”是一个复数，答案中也要用复数。如果信手写成whether he was English speakers是要扣0.5分的；

请参考其它的评分标准：

l 可得2.0分的回答：

1) their nationality

2) whether they were native speakers or not

3) the language the teachers had as mother tongue

4) the job applicants’ nationality

5) where they came from and their mother tongue

l 可得1.5分的回答：

1) whether is a native speaker or not

从句中缺主语，语法错误扣0.5分。

2) their citizenship, whether the job applicants were English speakers or not.

超词，共11个词，扣0.5分。 l 可得1分的回答

1) being a native speaker was enough to get you employed

照抄原文，扣0.5分。与所补充句子语法不搭配，扣0.5分。

2) they were native speakers or not and whether professional status

“whether…or not”句式表达错误，扣0.5分。部分内容与问题无关，扣0.5分。

l 可得0.5分的回答：

1) nation. A English man is enough to be a English teacher.

回答不全面，仅包含部分正确内容，扣0.5分。语法错误（应为，时态错误应为过去时）扣0.5分。

2) Speaking. You should being a native speaker.

回答不全面，包含部分正确内容，得1 分。语言错误，扣0.5分。

l 可得0分的回答：

1) their professional status and skills

2) a personal level

3) a native English speaker

4) the knowledge, the skills and the attitudes.

没有回答出正确内容，不得分。

第二题 What did non-native English teachers deserve but seldom enjoy?题解：本题有较明确的线索，在第三段中有“something they have always deserved but seldom enjoyed”，本题的答案显然是这个“something”，那么它究竟指的是什么呢？答案很简单，在something的前面有一个破折号，去找一找前面的名词短语就是了，所以答案是：the same status as their native counterparts。

要点：问题是以what进行的提问而且问的是事物，所以要以名词的形式作答。由于本题较简单，扣分也比较狠。

l 可得2.0分的回答：.

1) The status that/which the native counterparts have.

2) The same status as the native English teachers

3) Having the same status as those native speakers.

l 可得1.5分的回答：

1) Same status as their native counterparts. 语法错误，应为The same status，扣0.5分。

第五题 The phrase “the linguistically oppressed”(Line 6, Para. 4) refers to those who were_________.题解： 本题的短文中的位置与第四题在同一句话中，但答题的线索却不相同。它的线索其实是基于对全文的理解。本文主要是就英语教师的问题，将过去和现在人们对native English speakers和non-native English speakers的英语教师的态度和评判的标准加以对比。在第二段（问题的第一题）指出在过去，只要是native English speaker，你就能是英语教师了，这暗示人们对native English speaker的盲目倾向；第三段指出了人们现在评判英语教师的标准（第二题），最后一句说，“Non-natives are happy--- linguistic discrimination（语言上的歧视）is a thing of the past”，言外之意是过去Non-natives 在过去是受歧视的。那么“受歧视的”与“受压迫的”明显指的是同一种人，所以本题的答案很简单，就是non-native English speakers 的英语教师，可以用英语表达为：non-native teachers of English。

但本题中有一个陷阱，就是前面的it singled out the unqualified。在过去受压迫的non-native teachers of English中肯定也有合格的和不合格的，所以显然不是所有的non-native teachers of English都被解放了，那些不合格的还是被剔除了。所以如果只答出non-native teachers of English的话，只是理解对了一半，最终本题的正确答案应该是在non-native teachers of English前加上qualified一词。

第一题 Which word in the first two paragraphs best explains why many women have to work?题解： 本题为主旨类题，要求考生总结出妇女工作的原因。在这两段中都提到了survive，可以知道妇女出去工作主要是为了生存。所以本题的答案应该是名词survive。当然，也可以理解为她们是为了挣钱来生存，所以economy或economics也可以算作正确答案。

要点： 注意问题中的which word，因此本题的答案应为一个单词，而不要答成“They must work to survive”一类的话。

第二题 Why did Marge and her husband think it an extravagance for Marge to go back to work?题解： 此题属于细节类问题。文章第二段：玛基和她丈夫认为她重新外出工作对全家来说是一种奢望。他们有两个学龄前的孩子。如果把雇人照看孩子的费用、交通费用和增加的税款加在一起， 那么算下来将不但赚不到钱，收入实际上还可能减少。

或 Because they couldn’t afford the extra payments of double-worker family.

或 Because going back to work might cost more money.

第三题 What are the two major considerations in deciding whether women should go out to work?题解： 题干中的consideration是寻找答案的关键词。从文章中可以在第三段找到consider一词，这一句明确地说“Economic factors are usually the first to be considered”，所以这里的economic factors肯定是答案的一个方面。但问题是“the two major considerations”，所以还有另一方面。根据这句话的下一句话，“The most important aspects of the decision have to do with the emotional needs of each member of the family”可以挑出来，即“the emotional needs”。

第四题 Some women would rather do housework and take care of their children than pursue a career because they feel______ .题解： 本题较为简单，从第四段的对比论述可以知道答案在其最后一句话，即homemaking gives them the deepest satisfaction。

要点： 本题只答出从句部分即为正确答案，不要画蛇添足。

答案： satisfied with homemaking

或 that homemaking gives them the deepest satisfaction

或that homemaking and being with children give them deepest satisfaction

第五题 If given a second chance, the writer would probably choose to ______ .题解： 此题属于推断类题。在第五段里，作者通过自身的体验总结说，不要轻易放弃家庭生活，她对自己迫不及待地出去工作表示后悔，并表示但愿能享受一下与自己的孩子在一起看世界的快乐。由此可断定， 若有机会她宁愿与女儿即家人呆在一起， 所以答案为stay home with her little girl 或 stay home and enjoy family life.

第一题 During which period could British motorists drive without speed limits?题解 这一题要求综合第一段的第3、4、5三句来解答。第三句说到1930“speeding restrictions were done away with altogether”，接下来又说，“For five years motorists were free to drive at whatever speeds they liked”，因此可知，无速度限制的时间是从1930年起（包括1930年），延续了5年，即是1930、1931、1932、1933、1934这五年。最后一句“Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30 m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas”，说明到了1935年，speed limit又实行了。

要点： 提问是“during which period”，答案中只要给出一个时间的表达式就可以了，没有必要以整句作答，以免言多有失。有一位考生这样回答：During 1930 and 1935 could British motorists drive without speed limits. 姑且字数多了一个不说，这个倒装也有点问题。松一点的评委给1.5分，严一点的给1分，你说亏不亏？

答案： From 1930 to 1935.

或between 1930 and 1935

或1930、1931、1932、1933、1934。

第二题 What measures were adopted in 1935 in addition to the speeding restrictions?题解 题干中的1935是寻找答案的明确线索，明显应在第一段的最后一句话“Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas, along with the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings”。题干中的speed restrictions对应于这句话中的a 30 m. p. h. speed limit in built-up areas，剩下的自然就是the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings。

要点 本题只要回答出what measures即可，没有必要再加上谓语部分。

答案 Driving tests and pedestrian crossings.

或 The introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossings.

第三题 Speeding is a motoring offense a driver commits when he __________.题解 从题干中的“motoring offense”出现在第二段的第一句话。这句话也就是第二段的主题句。它总领了后面对三种speeding的描述，在这三种情况中，speeding都是exceeding the … (speed) limit。

第五题 What reason do Americans give for the reduction in traffic accidents?题解 在四级考试中，也有很多送分的题。本题中的“Americans”告诉我们它的答案肯定在最后一段。其实，只要大体上读懂第四段的第一句话，看出其中的“due（rather）to”是表示原因的即能做出正确答案，即“the increase in traffic density”。