1.
Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Ann Arbor is a city in the U. S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County. The 2010 census recorded its population to be 113,934, the citys population was estimated at 117,070 as of July 2015 by the U. S. Census Bureau. The Ann Arbor Metropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washtenaw County, the city is also part of the larger Detroit–Ann Arbor–Flint, MI Combined Statistical Area with a population of 5,318,744. Ann Arbor was founded in 1824, named for wives of the villages founders, the University of Michigan moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837, and the city grew at a rapid rate in the early to mid-20th century. During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as a center for left-wing politics, Ann Arbor became a focal point for political activism and anti-Vietnam War movement, as well as various student movements. Ann Arbor is home to the University of Michigan, one of the foremost research universities in the United States, the university shapes Ann Arbors economy significantly as it employs about 30,000 workers, including about 12,000 in the medical center. The citys economy is centered on high technology, with several companies drawn to the area by the universitys research and development infrastructure. In about 1774, the Potawatomi founded two villages in the area of what is now Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor was founded in 1824 by land speculators John Allen and Elisha Walker Rumsey. On 25 May 1824, the plat was registered with Wayne County as Annarbour. Allen and Rumsey decided to name it for their wives, both named Ann, and for the stands of Bur Oak in the 640 acres of land purchased for $800 from the federal government at $1.25 per acre. The local Ojibwa named the settlement kaw-goosh-kaw-nick, after the sound of Allens sawmill, Ann Arbor became the seat of Washtenaw County in 1827, and was incorporated as a village in 1833. The Ann Arbor Land Company, a group of speculators, set aside 40 acres of undeveloped land and offered it to the state of Michigan as the site of the state capital, but lost the bid to Lansing. In 1837, the property was accepted instead as the site of the University of Michigan, since the universitys establishment in the city in 1837, the histories of the University of Michigan and Ann Arbor have been closely linked. Throughout the 1840s and the 1850s settlers continued to come to Ann Arbor, while the earlier settlers were primarily of British ancestry, the newer settlers also consisted of Germans, Irish, and African-Americans. In 1851, Ann Arbor was chartered as a city, though the city showed a drop in population during the Depression of 1873. It was not until the early 1880s that Ann Arbor again saw robust growth, with new immigrants coming from Greece, Italy, Russia, Ann Arbor saw increased growth in manufacturing, particularly in milling. Ann Arbors Jewish community also grew after the turn of the 20th century, during the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as an important center for liberal politics. Ann Arbor also became a locus for left-wing activism and anti-Vietnam War movement, during the ensuing 15 years, many countercultural and New Left enterprises sprang up and developed large constituencies within the city

2.
Austin, Texas
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Austin is the capital of the U. S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County. It is the 11th-most populous city in the U. S. and it is the fastest growing large city in the United States and the second most populous capital city after Phoenix, Arizona. As of the U. S. Census Bureaus July 1,2015 estimate and it is the cultural and economic center of the Austin–Round Rock metropolitan area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1,2016. In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River, in 1839, the site was officially chosen to replace Houston as the new capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo. Shortly thereafter, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the Father of Texas and the republics first secretary of state. The city subsequently grew throughout the 19th century and became a center for government and education with the construction of the Texas State Capitol and the University of Texas at Austin. After a lull in growth from the Great Depression, Austin resumed its development into a city and, by the 1980s, it emerged as a center for technology. A number of Fortune 500 companies have headquarters or regional offices in Austin, including Amazon. com, cisco, eBay, Google, IBM, Intel, Oracle Corporation, Texas Instruments, 3M, and Whole Foods Market. Dells worldwide headquarters is located in nearby Round Rock, a suburb of Austin, residents of Austin are known as Austinites. They include a mix of government employees, college students, musicians, high-tech workers, blue-collar workers. The city also adopted Silicon Hills as a nickname in the 1990s due to an influx of technology. In the late 1800s, Austin was known as the City of the Violet Crown because of the glow of light across the hills just after sunset. Even today, many Austin businesses use the term Violet Crown in their name, Austin is known as a clean-air city for its stringent no-smoking ordinances that apply to all public places and buildings, including restaurants and bars. The FBI ranked Austin as the second-safest major city in the U. S. for the year 2012, U. S. News & World Report named Austin the best place to live in the U. S. in 2017. Austin, Travis County and Williamson County have been the site of habitation since at least 9200 BC. When settlers arrived from Europe, the Tonkawa tribe inhabited the area, the Comanches and Lipan Apaches were also known to travel through the area. Spanish colonists, including the Espinosa-Olivares-Aguirre expedition, traveled through the area for centuries, in 1730, three missions from East Texas were combined and reestablished as one mission on the south side of the Colorado River, in what is now Zilker Park, in Austin. The mission was in area for only about seven months

3.
Boca Raton, Florida
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Boca Raton is the southernmost city in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States, first incorporated on August 2,1924 as Bocaratone, and then incorporated as Boca Raton in 1925. The 2015 population estimated by the U. S. Census Bureau was 93,235, however, approximately 200,000 people with a Boca Raton postal address reside outside its municipal boundaries. Such areas include newer developments like West Boca Raton, as a business center, the city also experiences significant daytime population increases. It is one of the wealthiest communities in South Florida, Boca Raton is located 43 miles north of Miami and is a principal city of the Miami metropolitan area, which was home to an estimated 6,012,331 people at the 2015 census. Boca Raton is home to the campus of Florida Atlantic University and the corporate headquarters of Office Depot, ADT. It is also home to the Evert Tennis Academy, owned by tennis player Chris Evert. Town Center Mall, a shopping center in West Boca Raton, is the largest indoor mall in Palm Beach County. Another major attraction to the area is Boca Ratons downtown, known as Mizner Park, still today, Boca Raton has a strict development code for the size and types of commercial buildings, building signs, and advertisements that may be erected within the city limits. No outdoor car dealerships are allowed in the municipality, additionally, no billboards are permitted, the citys only billboard was grandfathered in during annexation. The strict development code has led to major thoroughfares without large signs or advertisements in the travelers view. The original name Boca de Ratones appeared on eighteenth-century maps associated with an inlet in the Biscayne Bay area of Miami. The word ratones appears in old Spanish maritime dictionaries referring to rugged rocks or stony ground on the bottom of some ports and coastal outlets, therefore, the abridged translation defining Boca de Ratones is a shallow inlet of sharp-pointed rocks which scrape a ships cables. Residents of the city have kept the pronunciation of Boca Raton similar to its Spanish origins, in particular, the Raton in Boca Raton is pronounced as /rəˈtoʊn/ instead of /rəˈtɑːn/. The latter is a common mispronunciation by non-natives to the region, the area today known as Boca Raton was originally occupied by the Tequesta tribe, a Native American people that occupied an area along the southeastern Atlantic coast of Florida. What Spanish voyagers called Boca de Ratones was originally located to the south, by mistake since the 19th century, mapmakers moved this location to the north and began referring to the citys lake, today known as Lake Boca Raton, as Boca Ratone Sounde. The area was largely uninhabited after the Indigenous people were cleared from the area by the Spanish and he surveyed and sold land from the canal to beyond the railroad north of what is now Palmetto Park Road. Early settlement in the area increased shortly after Henry Flaglers expansion of the Florida East Coast Railway, in the citys early history during the Florida land boom of the 1920s, several investors were interested in turning Boca Raton into a resort town. Most famously, Addison Mizner had several projects for resorts and mansions in the area and he first constructed his Administrative Buildings and a small hotel to house interested investors

4.
Campustown (Champaign, Illinois)
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Campustown is an area within the 1st and 2nd City Council Districts in Champaign, Illinois. Centered on Green Street, the district contains about eight city blocks occupied by small businesses, restaurants, bars. Campustown is located along the west side of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign campus, notable landmarks include the Alma Mater, The Tower at Third, the 309 Green high-rise, KAMs, Legends Bar & Grill, and Murphys Pub. As the committees chairperson, Aiken hoped to transform the district into a safer, more inviting area for university students, the Campustown 2000 Task Force was instrumental in moving the development of Green Street and the rest of Campustown. Green Street was reconstructed from Wright to Fourth Streets and various safety features were added such as new street-lights, railings, large planters, and proper signage. Campustowns speed limit was reduced to 25 mph and Green Street was reduced to three lanes of traffic, with the middle lane enabling turn and business deliveries, due to a lack of alleyways. To facilitate the construction of a new Champaign-Urbana Mass Transit District bus stop, since the creation of the Transit Plaza, it has become the largest bus stop in the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area. The resulting streetscape of Campustown has been very well-received, and is so far considered a resounding success. In order to build on the successes of the Campustown Action Plan, and also further its goals and this plan not only focuses on the Green Street are, but highlights changes to be made throughout the entire University District. The planned improvements differ by each street, and are broken down into three categories, the Commercial Area, the Transition Area, and the Neighborhood Area. While the Tower at Third high-rise, which stands 205 ft, was completed in 1972, in 2008, two high-rise residential towers opened for residents,309 Green and Burnham 310. Until the 2008 Economic Recession, plans had also drafted for another high-rise at 311 Green. Since the start of 2013, construction projects have restarted in campustown, bankier Apartments has contracted Broeren-Russo Company of Champaign to build their 14-story residential high-rise at 519 East Green. The tower was scheduled to be completed by the fall of 2014, below is a listing of the tallest buildings in Champaigns Campustown district, by height. Official Campustown website Official Campustown Twitter BuildingGreenStreet. com Getting Around Campustown

5.
Chorlton-on-Medlock
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Chorlton-on-Medlock is an inner city area of Manchester, England. Historically in Lancashire, Chorlton-on-Medlock is bordered to the north by the River Medlock and its other borders roughly correspond to Stockport Road, Hathersage Road, Moss Lane East and Boundary Lane. Neighbouring districts are Hulme to the west, Ardwick to the east and Victoria Park, Rusholme, a large portion of the district along Oxford Road is occupied by the campuses of the University of Manchester, Manchester Metropolitan University, and the Royal Northern College of Music. To the south of the universitys Oxford Road campus a considerable area is occupied by a group of contiguous hospitals including Manchester Royal Infirmary, to the west of which is Whitworth Park. In medieval times, the district was known as Chorlton Row and was a township of the ancient parish of Manchester in the Salford Hundred of Lancashire. Towards the end of the 18th century, it developed as a suburb of Manchester. In 1820 the parish church of All Saints was built, development began in 1793–94 and most of the important streets were given impressive names, Oxford Street, Cambridge Street and Grosvenor Street. Over the following 30 years residential development spread southwards as far as Tuer Street, few dwellings of that period remain today apart from Waterloo Place,323,325,327 &333 Oxford Road, and Grove House. As late as 1848, Elizabeth Gaskell mentions Greenheys rural character, in the 1840s the Greenheys area became home to members of Manchesters wealthier Jewish business class, including Samuel Mendel. Other notable Greenheys residents, later in the 19th century, included Sir Charles Halle In 1830, on the creation of the municipal borough of Manchester in 1838 the township was absorbed into the borough. At this time the area was still partly rural with some larger dwellings of wealthy people. After the Poor Law Reform of 1834 the district part of the Chorlton Poor Law Union. The arrival of Owens College in 1873 was the beginning of a different kind of development leading to the campus of today. Though most of the township was originally middle class in character by the early 20th century it was much a working class district. The housing conditions were described in 1931 by the Manchester and District Social Survey Society, much of the area can also be included in a district referred to as Central Manchester in modern directories and publicity. Once the River Medlock is crossed, that is Manchester city centre, a large area of Chorlton on Medlock south-west of this is occupied by the Manchester Metropolitan University. The M13 postcode district comprehends Ardwick and Chorlton on Medlock, transport Chorlton on Medlock is crossed by the Mancunian Way, running west to east through its northern part. The main routes through the suburb to south Manchester are Cambridge Street, Oxford Road, the front of the former Chorlton-upon-Medlock Town Hall can be seen at its original location on Cavendish Street at All Saints

6.
DeLand, Florida
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DeLand is a city in the U. S. state of Florida. It is the county seat of Volusia County, the city sits approximately 34 miles north of the central business district of Orlando, and approximately 23 miles west of the central business district of Daytona Beach. As of the 2010 U. S. Census, the city had a population of 27,031 and it is a part of the Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach, FL metropolitan statistical area, which was home to 590,289 people as of the 2010 census. The city was founded in 1876, and was named for its founder, DeLand is home to Stetson University, Floridas oldest private college, as well as the Museum of Art - DeLand. On February 2,2007, DeLand and the area was the site of a major tornado outbreak. Known as Persimmon Hollow for the wild persimmon trees that grow around the natural springs and it was settled in 1874 by Captain John Rich, who built a log cabin. Henry Addison DeLand, a soda magnate from Fairport, New York, visited there in 1876. That year he bought land and founded the town, naming it after himself and it was the first city in Florida to have electricity. In 1877 Henry A. DeLand built a school for the town. To enhance the stature and culture, and to enhance the value of his local real estate holdings, in 1883 Henry A. DeLand established DeLand Academy. However, in 1885, a freeze destroyed the orange crop, like many other would-be real estate magnates in the area at the time, his Florida investments were nearly worthless after the freeze, and he returned to his home in the North. DeLand entrusted the academy to his friend John B, Stetson, a wealthy hat manufacturer from Philadelphia and one of the institutions founding trustees. In 1889, it was renamed John B, Stetson University in its patrons honor. In 1900 it founded the first law school in Florida and its various sports teams are called the Hatters. Since 1992, the city has hosted the DeLand Fall Festival of the Arts, as of 2009, the event has an annual attendance of more than 50,000 over the weekend immediately prior to Thanksgiving each year. DeLand is located at 29°1′44″N 81°18′2″W, approximately halfway between Orlando and Daytona Beach. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 17.8 square miles, of which 17.6 square miles is land and 0.19 square miles. DeLand is drained by the St. Johns River, as of the census of 2013, there were 28,237 people,9,950 households, and 4,631 families residing in the city

7.
Downtown Pittsburgh
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Downtown Pittsburgh, colloquially referred to as the Golden Triangle or Dahntahn in eye dialect, and officially the Central Business District, is the urban downtown center of Pittsburgh. It is located at the confluence of the Allegheny River and the Monongahela River whose joining forms the Ohio River, the triangle is bounded by the two rivers. The area features offices for major corporations such as PNC Bank, U. S. Steel, PPG, Bank of New York Mellon, Heinz, Federated Investors and Alcoa. It is where the fortunes of industrial barons as Andrew Carnegie, Henry Clay Frick, Henry J. Heinz, Andrew Mellon. It contains the site where the French fort, Fort Duquesne, in 2013, Pittsburgh had the second-lowest vacancy rate for Class A space among downtowns in the United States. The Central Business District is bounded by the Monongahela River to the south, the Allegheny River to the north, an expanded definition of Downtown may include the adjacent neighborhoods of Uptown/The Bluff, the Strip District, the North Shore, and the South Shore. Downtown is served by the Port Authoritys light rail system, an extensive bus network. Greyhounds Pittsburgh bus terminal is located across Liberty Avenue from the Amtrak Station, other important roadways are Pennsylvania Route 28, Pennsylvania Route 51, Pennsylvania Route 65, and U. S. Route 19. Three major entrances to the city are via tunnels, the Fort Pitt Tunnel and Squirrel Hill Tunnel on I-376 and the Liberty Tunnels. The New York Times once called Pittsburgh the only city with an entrance, also traveling I-279 south and I-376, the city explodes into view when coming around a turn in the highway. Downtown surface streets are based on two distinct grid systems that parallel the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers and these two grids intersect along Liberty Avenue, creating many unusual street intersections. Furthermore, the Allegheny grid contains numbered streets, while the Monongahela grid contains numbered avenues, and, in fact, there are cases where these numbered roadways intersect, creating some confusion. This unusual grid pattern leads to Pittsburghers giving directions in the terms of landmarks, Pittsburgh is nicknamed The City of Bridges. In Downtown, there are 10 bridges connecting to points north and south, the expanded definition of Downtown includes 18 bridges. In Allegheny County the number exceeds 2,200, while most people still consider the entire Downtown as one neighborhood, there are several significant subdistricts within the Golden Triangle. The Pittsburgh Central Downtown Historic District is a district in the central business district. It is bounded by Wood Street, Forbes Avenue, Grant Street and it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 17,1985. Point State Park area, At the triangles tip is Point State Park with its giant fountain and this park was the original site of both Fort Duquesne by the French and the subsequent Fort Pitt by the British

8.
Gainesville, Florida
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Gainesville is the county seat and largest city in Alachua County, Florida, United States, and the principal city of the Gainesville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population of Gainesville in the 2013 US Census estimates was 127,488, Gainesville is the largest city in the region of North Central Florida. It is also a component of the Gainesville-Lake City Combined Statistical Area, Gainesville is home to the University of Florida, the nations ninth-largest university campus by enrollment, as well as to Santa Fe College. The Gainesville MSA was ranked as the No.1 place to live in North America in the 2007 edition of Cities Ranked and Rated, also in 2007, Gainesville was ranked as one of the best places to live and play in the United States by National Geographic Adventure. About 12,000 years ago Paleo-Indians lived in Florida, although it is not known for certain whether any permanent settlements from that period were in the present city limits of Gainesville, archaeological evidence of human presence exists. Eventually more complex social organization and agricultural practices emerged into what archaeologists classify as the Deptford culture, a Deptford culture campsite has been excavated beneath the subsequent Alachua culture Law School Burial Mound on the grounds of the University of Florida. The UF campus burial mound was built about 1000 A. D. by Alachua culture inhabitants who lived along the shore of Lake Alice. In the recorded period, the region was home to the Potano, the remaining Timucua were converted to Roman Catholicism and organized into missions overseen by Franciscan priests. The Mission San Francisco de Potano, the first doctrina in Florida west of the St. Johns River, was founded in 1606 at the edge of present-day San Felasco Hammock Preserve State Park. Chief Potanos town was relocated in the period to the vicinity of the Devils Millhopper. Spanish colonists began cattle ranching in the Paynes Prairie area using Timucua labor, between 1763 and 1784 what is now Gainesville fell within the jurisdiction of the colony of British East Florida. Gainesville was founded to place the Alachua County seat on the route of the Florida Railroad Companys line stretching from Cedar Key to Fernandina Beach. County residents decided to move the county seat from Newnansville in 1853, a site on Black Oak Ridge where the railroad was expected to cross it was selected in 1854. It is generally accepted that the new settlement was named for General Edmund P. Gaines, the railroad was completed from Fernandina to Gainesville in 1859, passing six blocks south of the courthouse. Hogtown is the village of the adjacent Hogtown Creek, which flows 5.7 miles through Gainesville. Hogtown continued to exist until after Gainesville was founded, as evidenced on a map showing both towns, which was published in 1864 based on surveys from 1855, two residents of Hogtown played a prominent role in establishing Gainesville. William Lewis, who owned a plantation in Hogtown, delivered 20 votes pledged to him to create a new town on the route of the railroad. Tillman Ingram, who owned a plantation and a sawmill in Hogtown

9.
Greensburg, Pennsylvania
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Greensburg is a city in and the county seat of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States, and a part of the Pittsburgh Metro Area. The city lies within the Laurel Highlands and the ecoregion of the Western Allegheny Plateau, the city is named after Nathanael Greene, a major general of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War. The population was 14,892 at the 2010 census, located 30 miles southeast of Pittsburgh, Greensburg is a major business, academic, tourism and cultural center in Western Pennsylvania. It is evident as the population doubles during work hours. The city ranks seventh in Pennsylvania in daytime growth, behind Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Harrisburg, King of Prussia, Lancaster and it also ranks 16th in the United States for daytime growth among towns with a resident population between 15,000 and 24,999. In 2007, Greensburg was ranked as one of the Best Places to Retire in Pennsylvania by U. S. News & World Report. After the end of the Revolutionary War, an inn was built along a trail that stretched from Philadelphia west over the Appalachian Mountains to Fort Pitt. A tiny settlement known as Newtown grew around the inn, today the center of Greensburgs Business District at the intersection of Pittsburgh, at Pittsburgh, the wagon trail became Penn Avenue. Newtown became the new county seat in 1785, in 1786, the county built a log courthouse on land purchased from two residents, Christopher Truby and William Jack. The Westmoreland County Courthouse, in its various incarnations, has stood on this site, the area surrounding the courthouse became the original borough of Greensburg, named for American Revolutionary War General Nathanael Greene, and formally incorporated as a borough in 1799. In the early 19th century, Greensburg had very little growth, after 1850, Greensburg became a growing county seat with inns and small businesses. It was a stop and the discovery of large areas of soft coal nearby made it the center of a vigorous mining industry in the late 19th century. Seton Hill College, formerly St. Josephs Academy, became a womens institution in 1918. Greensburg became a Third-Class City on January 2,1928, after World War II, more residential areas were developed in various sections of town. Changes in local shopping habits had already taken its toll by the late 1970s when Troutmans Department Store closed, also, in July 2009, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, the largest medical school in the country, opened a satellite campus at Seton Hill University. Now over 200 students study at LECOM at Seton Hill every year, as part of this ongoing transition, an expansion of the Westmoreland Museum of American Art was completed in 2015. The city is home of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Greensburg, Greensburgs first log school house was located at the site of St. Clair Park. St. Clair Park was originally a cemetery, when the borough banned cemeteries, St. Clair cemetery was moved to its current location, just east of town

10.
Lindenthal, Cologne
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Lindenthal is a city district of the City of Cologne in Germany. It includes the quarters Braunsfeld, Junkersdorf, Klettenberg, Lindenthal, Lövenich, Müngersdorf, Sülz, Weiden, many parts of Lindenthal are dominated by academic and research campuses, primarily linked to the University of Cologne and the German Sport University. The later has a campus at Sportpark Müngersdorf, next to RheinEnergieStadion, the Cologne University Hospital has a vast campus around the Kerpener Straße. Other institutions include the Max Planck Institutes for Biology of Ageing, colognes Melaten-Friedhof is located on Aachener Straße. During the Cold War, the headquarters of the I Belgian Corps was located in Junkersdorf, Lindenthal consists of nine Stadtteile, Lindenthal is served by numerous railway stations and highway. Train station include Köln-Lövenich, Köln-Müngersdorf/Technologiepark and Köln-Weiden West, as well as light rail stations of Cologne Stadtbahn lines 1,7,9,13 and 18. Aachener Straße and Luxemburger Straße connect Lindenthal with the Cologne Ring, Lindenthal is twinned with the following cities, Benfleet, United Kingdom Diepenbeek, Belgium Igny, France Media related to Köln-Lindenthal at Wikimedia Commons Official webpage of the district

11.
Northampton, Massachusetts
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The city of Northampton is the county seat of Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States. As of 2012, the total population of Northampton was 28,592. Northampton is known as an academic, artistic, musical, and it features a large politically liberal community along with numerous alternative health and intellectual organizations. Based on U. S. Census demographics, election returns, and other criteria, the city has a high proportion of residents who identify as gay and lesbian a high number of same-sex households, and is a popular destination for the LGBT community. Northampton is considered part of the Springfield Metropolitan Area, one of Western Massachusettss two separate metropolitan areas and it sits approximately 15 miles north of the city of Springfield, Massachusetts. Northampton is home to Smith College, Northampton High School, Northampton is also known as Norwottuck, or Nonotuck, meaning the midst of the river, named by its original Pocumtuc inhabitants. The Pocumtuc confederacy occupied the Connecticut River Valley from what is now southern Vermont, the Pocumtuc tribes were Algonquian and traditionally allied with the Mahican confederacy to the west. By 1606 an ongoing struggle between the Mahican and Iroquois confederacies led to attacks on the Pocumtuc by the Iroquoian Mohawk nation. The Mahican confederacy had been defeated by 1628, limiting Pocumtuc access to routes to the west. It was in context that the land making up the bulk of modern Northampton was sold to settlers from Springfield, Massachusetts. On May 18,1653 a petition for township was approved by the court of Springfield. While some settlers visited the land in the fall of 1653, they waited till early Spring 1654 to arrive and establish a permanent settlement. This coincided with a souring of relations between the Wampanoag and the Massachusetts Bay colonists, eventually leading to the expanded Algonquian alliance, Northampton was part of the Equivalent Lands compromise. Its territory would be enlarged beyond the settlement, but later portions would be carved up into separate cities, towns. Southampton, for example, was incorporated in 1775 and included parts of the territories of modern Montgomery, Westhampton was incorporated in 1778 and Easthampton in 1809. A section of Northampton called Smiths Ferry was once separated from the rest of the town by the boundaries of Easthampton, the shortest path to downtown was a road near the Connecticut River oxbow, which was subject to frequent flooding. Smiths Ferry was ceded to Holyoke, Massachusetts, in 1909, congregational preacher, theologian and philosopher Jonathan Edwards was a leading figure in a 1734 Christian revival in Northampton. In the winter of 1734 and the spring it reached such intensity that it threatened the towns businesses

12.
Oakland (Pittsburgh)
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Oakland is the academic and healthcare center of Pittsburgh and one of the citys major cultural centers. The neighborhood is home to three universities, museums, and hospitals, as well as an abundance of shopping, restaurants and it is also home to the locally designated Oakland Square Historic District. The Pittsburgh Fire Bureau has Fire Station No.14 on McKee Place, Oakland is officially divided into four neighborhoods, North Oakland, West Oakland, Central Oakland, and South Oakland. Each section has an identity, and offers its own flavor of venues. Oakland is Pittsburghs second most populated neighborhood with 22,210 residents, North Oakland can be loosely defined as the area of Oakland between Neville and Bouquet Streets, encompassing all of Craig Street and running north to Polish Hill. The Cathedral of Learning, the engineering or midsection of the University of Pittsburgh campus, rANDs Pittsburgh center is located in North Oakland as well as the long time RIDC business incubator on Henry Street. North Oakland is also home to the Schenley Farms Historic District and many mid-rise condominium, Central Oakland is bordered by Schenley Park, the Boulevard of the Allies, Fifth Avenue, and Halket Street. Many students at the University of Pittsburgh who decide to live off-campus reside in this neighborhood, many of its homes are historic masonry structures dating from the turn of the century. The area is sometimes mistakenly called South Oakland and its Main Business District runs along Forbes and Fifth Avenue, and contains a diversity of restaurants, retailers, and financial services. These businesses are organized by the Oakland Business Improvement District, smaller business districts in Central Oakland provide additional dining options along Atwood Street and Semple Street. It is also the location of the isolated and historic neighborhood of Panther Hollow which runs along Boundary Street in Junction Hollow as well as the Oakland Square Historic District. South Oakland runs along the Monongahela River and forms a shape between the Monongahela River, the Boulevard of the Allies, and the western bank of Junction Hollow. Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC and the Pittsburgh Technology Center are major landmarks of this neighborhood, the neighborhood is split between a riverfront flood plain to the southwest and a plateau to the northeast. The plateau is divided into two residential areas which are separated from one another by Bates Street, which runs up a valley from the flood plain to the plateau. The residents of the neighborhood on the side of Bates Avenue self-identify their neighborhood as Oakcliffe. It is important to note that some residents of Central Oakland misidentify that neighborhood as being part of South Oakland, in other words, the border between Central Oakland and South Oakland is much further south than is believed by some residents. The area between Forbes Avenue and Boulevard of the Allies is officially part of Central Oakland. South Oakland can be reputed to be a student neighborhood, but in fact, South Oakland was the childhood home of Andy Warhol, and later the residence of fellow pop artist Keith Haring