Kerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-95102008-284318420110901The Frequency of Mental Disorders among Kerman Residents above 15 Years of Age291300ENNParvareshAssistant Professor of Phsychitry, Neurosciences Research Center & Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences,
Kerman, IranHZiyaodiniAssociate Professor of Phsychiatry, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranNNakhaeiAssociate Professor of Community Medicine, Physiology Research center & Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical
Sciences, Kerman, IranANahidPsychiatristHSafaviGeneral PractitionerBSajadiGeneral PractitionerBackground & Aims: In developed countries mental disorders are recognized by screening questionnaires
and clinical interviews. Since there is a limited number of epidemiological studies about mental disorders in
Iranian population, the present study was performed to find the prevalence and type of mental disorders
among Kerman residents older than 15 years old.
Method: At the first step, GHQ – 28 was completed door – side for 1527 residents selected through
stratified cluster sampling. The cut off point of 6 was considered as disorder presence. At the second step,
490 ones who had obtained the cut off point participated in DSM – IV clinical interview.
Results: In whole, 32.1% (34.5% female and 27.1% male) were diagnosed as psychiatrically ill. The
frequency of mental disorders was 35.1% among those over 65 years, 35.3% among 45 – 64 years subjects,
100% in divorced, 45.8% in widows, 40.2% in illiterates, 36.9% in students, 34.7% in housewives and
34.8% in low socioeconomic class. Major depressive and panic disorders were the most frequent disorders
#./ ---,*
+ *
>>
(6.8% and 4.3% respectively). The frequency of generalized anxiety disorder was 2.8%, schizophrenia was
0.9% and Bipolar disorder was 0.3%.
Conclusion: The frequencies of major depressive and generalized anxiety disorder were higher than other
studies in Iran and similar to some studies from other countries. Different cultures and screening
questionnaires maybe some reasons for these incompatibilities. The results of this study my help mental
health providers to improve their programs.
Keywords: Epidemiology,mental disorders,adult,Adult childrenhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16550.htmlhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16550_862639058de9c1d214800b705de62587.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-95102008-284318420110901Screening for Congenital Hypothyroidism in East Azerbaijan province, IRAN301309ENA.HZenalzadehAssistant Professor of Community Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranAKoshaAssistant Professor of Infectious diseases, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranMTalebiGeneral Practitioner, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranMAkhtariStudent of statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranBackground & Aims: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most common preventable causes of
mental retardation throughout the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CH
among newborns of East Azerbaijan province in 2009-2010.
Methods: This descriptive analytic study was performed by using census cross- sectional method on 62459
neonates in East Azerbaijan province from 21st March 2009 to 20th March 2010. Blood samples were taken
within the 3rd -5th days of life by lancet sticking of neonatal heel and transferred to filter papers for measuring
TSH level. In the case of TSH 5mu/l, additional confirmation tests were done and confirmed cases based
on serum confirmation test (TSH>10 mu/l or T4Congenital hypothyroidism,Prevalence,mass screening,Newborn,East Azarbaijanhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16551.htmlhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16551_5f7d16629b29493fcc4437463a519735.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-95102008-284318420110901The Effect of Nanosilver Paint on Reducing Fungal Contamination in Hospitals309317ENMAzizifarMaster of Environmental Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IranKNadafiAssociate Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tehran University of medical Sciences, Tehran, IranHJabariAssistant Professor of Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of medical SciencesA.ROskohiInstructor, Department of Public Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IranYTabraeiInstructor, Department of Public Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IranBackground & Aims: Nanosilver-based paint is a new technology with antimicrobial and antifungal
characteristics. These characteristics were investigated in this study with regard to fungal contamination in
hospitals.
Method: Regarding hospitalization of transplant patients and their sensitivity to hospital infections, two
similar rooms were selected in nephrology ward. One of them was painted with Nanosilver paint and the
other one with ordinary paint. Sampling was done via Swap Sterile and Open Plate. A total of 350 samples
was obtained and colony-forming units in Open Plate and Surface Culture methods in case and control
rooms were compared.
Results: Mean colony- forming units in case and control groups showed significant difference in both open
plate and surface culture methods (PAntifungal agents,Hospital,Nanoprticleshttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16552.htmlhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16552_1ccbda54b26ef83d2ff80e675ba2d38e.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-95102008-284318420110901The Frequency of - thalasemia Major Complications in Patients Referred to Kerman Center for Special Diseases during 6 Months318329ENA.AVahidiAssociate Professor of Pediatrics, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranSParvareshAssistant Professor of Pediatrics, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranM.HTorabinejadAssistant Professor of Pediatrics, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranAAhmadiProfessor of Pediatrics, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranRMohamadiResident of Pediatrics, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranBackground & Aims: Major ( -thalassemia is a chronic and costly disease for health care system. Although regular transfusion reduces the disease complications, it is associated with complications of hemosiderosis. This study was performed to determine ( – thalassemia complications in patients referred to Kerman center for special diseases regardless of their age. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on major (-thalassemia patients referred to Samen-al Hojaj institute in Kerman city during winter 2008 to spring 2009. Those with less than 8 blood transfusion sessions in year were excluded. The results of Physical examination, history, demographic information and laboratory tests were recorded for each patient. Results: In whole, 340 patients were participated of whom, 54.4% were females, 51.76% were below 15 years old, 37.64% were between 16-24 years old and 10.58% were older than 25 years old. The prevalence of hypothyroidism was 3.5%. There was no case of hypothyroidism in the age group )15 years old. The prevalence of hypoparathyroidism was 8.5%. The most common complication was gonad disorder with the highest prevalence (80.6%) in patients over 25 years old. There was no case of renal or adrenal diseases. The incidence of heart disorders was 9.1% and 2.3% had hepatic disorder that all were older than 15 years old. The prevalence rates of HBV, HCV, HIV were 2.5%, 33% and 0% respectively. Conclusion: Regarding the direct correlation between age and prevalence of complications, performing routine evaluations especially for those older than 15 years is recommended. Since endocrinopathies and liver and heart diseases are common in adult patients with major ( – thalassemia, early diagnosis and regular physical examinations are necessary for prevention of complicationsBeta-thalassemia,Endocrine system diseases,Heart Diseases,Liver diseases,Ferritins,Hemosiderosishttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16553.htmlhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16553_595f0a65807b1df593314c05f003110e.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-95102008-284318420110901The Correlation between Clinical Signs and Genotypes of Giardia duodenalis Isolated from Patients with Giardiasis in Kerman City330339ENSEtemadiM.Sc. Student of Parasitology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranNZiyaaliAssistant Professor of Parasitology, Afzalipour School of Medicine,& Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences,
Kerman, IranZBabaeiAssistant Professor of Parasitology, Afzalipour School of Medicine,& Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences,
Kerman, IranMFasihiAssociate Professor of Parasitology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranAZiyaaliStudent of Medicine, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranZSalariStaff Member, Dadbin Health Care Center, Kerman, IranHKamyabiStaff Member, Department of Parasitology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranBackground & Aims: Giardiasis is one of the human parasitic diseases caused by a flagellate protozoan
named Giardia duodenalis (G.lamblia). Giardia is one of the most common organisms causing diarrhea in
human and also a common gastrointestinal parasite in vertebrates.
Methods: A total of 352 stool samples were collected from patients infected with giardiasis referred to
health centers in Kerman city. Samples were examined by formalin- ether concentration procedure. First,
DNA extraction was performed on 30 stool samples containing adequate Giardia cysts and then PCR-RFLP
was done on glultamate dehydrogenase (gdh) marker. Clinical signs of patients were recorded in a
questionnaire and their relationships with molecular results were analyzed.
Results: The highest rate of infection was in the age group of 0-12 years with significant difference with
other age groups (PGiardia,signs and symptoms,Genotype,Glutamate dehydrogenase,Kermanhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16554.htmlhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16554_551ee68d8897cb9443680b696d7d31a6.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-95102008-284318420110901Comparison of Metacognitive Beliefs in Depressed, Obsessive - Compulsive and Healthy Groups339348ENA.RFarnamAssociate Professor, Psychiatric Dep., School of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranHGHolizadehMaster of Clinical Psychology, Dep. of Psychology, Tabriz University, Tabriz, IranJPirzadehMaster of General Psychology, Dep. of Psychology, Tarbiat Moaalem University, Tehran, IranEHekmatiMaster of General Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranARasolvandBachelor of Clinical Psychology, Tabriz University, Tabriz, IranBackground & Aims: Metacognition is considered as an important factor in the genesis and continuation of
various psychological disorders, particularly obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression. The aim of this
study was comparison of Metacognitive beliefs in Major depression disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive
disorder (OCD) and healthy groups.
Methods: A total of 50 depressive patients and 49 OCD patients were selected by available sampling from
the patients referred to psychiatric clinic of Bozorgmehr and consulting centers of Tabriz. The control group
consisted of 51 matched individuals selected from students and staff of Tabriz University of Medical
Sciences. All patients were asked to complete Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Maudsley obsessivecompulsive
Inventory (MOCI) and Metacognitive Questionnaire (MCQ-30).
Results: Both OCD and MDD groups showed significant difference with healthy group in metacognition
total score and all subscales (PCognition,depression,Obsessive-Compulsive Disorderhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16555.htmlhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16555_2d6f6853b099e56ea3b68d3d949d3b1f.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-95102008-284318420110901The Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Echium Amoenum and Citrus Aurantiflia on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate before and after phynelephrine Injection in Rat349357ENEMasuod-HamidiMaster of Science in Chemistry, Physiology Research Center & School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranMKHaksariProfessor of Physiology, Physiology Research Center & Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranKHHojabriVeterinary DoctorBackground & Aims: Echium amoenum and Citrus aurantifolia are used in traditional medicine for the
treatment of cardiac arrhythmia and regulation of blood pressure. In this study the effects of coadministration
of these herbs on heart rate and blood pressure of rats before and after phynelephrine injection
were investigated.
Methods: Ten groups of rats respectively received 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg Echium Amoenum, 250
mg/kg Citrus Aurantiflia and combination of 250 mg/kg Citrus Aurantiflia with 100, 200, 400 and 600
mg/kg Echium Amoenum for 6 days. Control group received water. Blood pressure and heart rate before
and after phynelephrine injection were measured and compared among groups.
Results: Echium amotnum at 400 and 600 mg/kg dozes significantly increased blood pressure of rats in
comparison to the control group (PBlood pressure,Heart Rate,Echium,Citrus aurantifoliahttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16556.htmlhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16556_59226728a40b6645a4692f53656f5f2c.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-95102008-284318420110901The Efficacy of Therapeutic Community on Life Skills Improvement and Reduction of Relapse in Male Addicts358368ENMYarmohamadiAssistant Professor of Psychology, Buali sina University, Hamedan, IranBackground & Aims:Therapeutic community(TC) is an approach that its primaryaim is to help people with problems of substance abuse. The aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of TC in the improvement of life skills and reduction of relapse in male addicts. Method: This research was a quasi-experimental study by using pre-post tests and Follow-up.Research population constitutes all male substance abusers referred to the TC centers of Hamedan, Isfahan and Yazd. samples were selected by stratified sampling in TC centers of mentioned cities and included 442 substance abusers. They were examined during 2 years in three stages of pretest (admission time), posttest (3-6 months after the treatment) and Follow-up (1-year after the treatment) using life skills questionnaire and morphine test. Results:Therapeutic community significantly increased life skills (problem solving, emotion management, communication skill, assertive skill, self awareness and self care skill) of substance abusers after 3 to 6 months of treatment (P < 0.05) and was effective in reduction of relapse after 1 year" Conclusion:This study provides evidence that TC program is effective in internalizing life skills and can reduce the rate of relapseTherapeutic community,Substance abusehttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16557.htmlhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16557_602b07023648c3f5356e1658b7e2c361.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences1023-95102008-284318420110901Work Schedule-related Health Problems in Petrochemical Industries Workers369381ENA.RCHobinehAssociate Professor, Research Center for Health Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranASoltanzadehPh.D. Student of Occupational Health, School of Health, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, IranS.H.RTabatabaeiAssistant Professor, Epidemiology Department, School of Health and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranMJahangiriPh.D. Student of Occupational Health, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranBackground & Aims: Shift work is programmed in various schedules, each has its own advantages and
disadvantages. The main purposes of this study were: a) to determine common shift schedules used in
petrochemical industries, b) to compare shift work health-related problems among employees working in
different shift schedules and c) to recommend appropriate shift schedule.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at 14 petrochemical companies. Study population
consisted of 987 shift workers. Data on demographic features, shift schedule and adverse effects of shift
work were collected via anonymous questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, version
11.5.
Results: Among 987 studied shift employees, 27% worked in 3M-3E-3N-3Res, 61% in 4M-4E-4N-4Res
and 12% in 12-hour schedules. Health problems such as gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal
disorders among 4M-4E-4N-4Res schedule shift workers were significantly less prevalent than other
schedules (PShift work schedules,Health problems,Petrochemical Industries,Iranhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16558.htmlhttp://jkmu.kmu.ac.ir/article_16558_a8c5ffcc30f97dec17cf012155ddf958.pdf