Definition

Orthostatic hypotension is a condition of abnormal blood pressure regulation upon standing. The blood pressure quickly decreases, more than 20/10 mm Hg, when rising from a lying down or sitting position to a standing position.

Diagnosis

Orthostatic hypotension is diagnosed when symptoms are present and there is a measured reduction in blood pressure while standing, which is relieved by lying down.

Treatment

Treatment for orthostatic hypotension depends on the cause.

Treatments include:

Adjusting Dosage or Type of Medication

When orthostatic hypotension is due to hypovolemia related to medications, adjusting or stopping medication may be needed to reverse the condition.

Treating Dehydration

Orthostatic hypotension resulting from dehydration is treated with fluids and electrolyte replacement.

Dietary Changes

Changing the way your eat may help. Do not eat three large meals. Instead, eat smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day. This will help to avoid low blood pressure after eating. Consider talking to a registered dietitian for advice.

Minimizing Bedrest

If bedrest is the cause of orthostatic hypotension, symptoms may be improved by increasing time spent sitting up in bed.

Medications

A number of medications may be given to boost blood pressure. Over-the-counter medications include caffeine and ibuprofen.

Other Interventions

In some cases, individuals may be encouraged to increase their intake of salt. Fitted elastic stockings that go up to the waist may be worn. Individuals may need to be taught to rise from lying down, to sit up, and to stand in a slow and gradual manner. Similarly, they should be discouraged from standing still for too long a time.

Prevention

There is no way to prevent orthostatic hypotension if it is a result of other diseases or conditions. However, if your orthostatic hypotension relates to medications, dehydration, or bedrest, you should talk with your healthcare provider about treatment options.

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