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In 1908, the entire county had a population of 185,004. In 1911, there were 42,455 families. In 1931, the county had 44,724 families and population of 181,640. In 1953, after the first national population census, the county had 50,746 families and population of 182,801. In 1964, the second national population census, the county had 58,055 families and population of 248,391. From 1961 to 1970, it is the second peak of population growth, after the third national population census, the county had 75,560 families and population of 387,789, when the birth rate was 18.24%, mortality rate was 6.69% and growth rate was 11.7%.

The administrative division of Chibi starts from the Song dynasty. From the Song dynasty to the Yuan dynasty, it named as township. In the Ming dynasty, it divided as a capital system. From the Qing dynasty to 1932, it changed to a township and group system. After 1949, the government of Chibi set up a district office as the county agency, managing several townships and communes. In 1975, it dismantled the district into a township and restored in 1984.

Chibi has jurisdiction over ten towns, a township, three subdistricts, an agriculture zone, three state-owned agriculture, forestry, tea, 152 village committees and 1,682 village groups.[5][6][7]