Scientific classification

Class: Aves

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Fringillidae

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Forms three well-defined subfamilies#R, including Euphoniinae, previously placed in Thraupidae. Also includes Drepanidini, sometimes treated as a separate family (as in HBW), but here considered merely a tribe of Carduelinae. Extensive phylogenetic data available, and comparatively few species remain wholly unscreened; nonetheless, study of internal relationships has been confounded by recurring plumage patterns and use of similar feeding niches by taxa that prove to be far from closely related.

Subfamily: Carduelinae

Tribe: Drepanidini

Genus:Oreomystis Stejneger, 1903

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Relationship with Paroreomyza still unclear, as some molecular and osteological datasets report them to be sisters, but other work involving multiple genetic loci has suggested that they represent independent sequential basal offshoots within the honeycreeper radiation#R. The single species was previously combined with all Paroreomyza species and Manucerthia mana as a single species, under the name Loxops maculatus or Paroreomyza maculata; however, DNA#R and anatomical research#R have demonstrated that the striking similarities between O. bairdi and Manucerthia mana represent “one of the most remarkable and noteworthy examples of convergence ever demonstrated”#R.