Decades of Innovation

To the average observer, it seems as if LASIK exploded onto the scene as an accepted and routine procedure. In many respects, it did. But if we look back at its development, we will see that it is more like an explosion that happened in slow motion.

1940s: Pioneering Refractive Surgery

One of the early pioneers in refractive surgery was Jose Barraquer, M.D. In his clinic in Bogota, Columbia, in the late 1940s, he worked on his idea to reshape the cornea. His work on the concept of cornea-based surgery to decrease a patient’s reliance on glasses led to the development of the microkeratome, a tool instrumental in the LASIK procedure. Moving from a manual dissection of the cornea to a mechanized technique, he first used a prototype microkeratome in 1958 to remove a disc of corneal tissue. Next, he coupled the use of the microkeratome with a cryolathe. The cryolathe was an instrument used to carve the corneal disc removed by the microkeratome. Once the disc was reshaped to compensate for the patient’s refractive error, it was reattached to the patient’s cornea. Interestingly, the cryolathe was based on the same technique used to generate contact lenses.

Because the use of the cryolathe had certain drawbacks, Barraquer and others in the 1980s introduced a non-freeze technique that gained popularity among ophthalmologists. It involved using a microkeratome to make two separate cuts on the cornea and removing the tissue from the second cut to effect a change in the corneal shape. Automated lamellar keratoplasty (ALK) was a big advancement in corneal-based surgery, but its accuracy was not good as many had hoped.

1980s: Introducing Lasers

At approximately the same time, Stephen Trokel, M.D., began to explore the possibility of using the newly-invented excimer laser to perform surgical removal of corneal tissue. This laser removal of tissue was shown to be effective in flattening the central cornea, first in animal models and then later in humans. The first patients treated were blind, and when their recovery showed no damage to the clarity and structure of the human cornea, the first sighted patients were treated in the mid 1980s. This procedure was named photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Because PRK removed tissue from the front part of the cornea after the creation of a well-controlled corneal abrasion, recovery was measured in weeks.

Late 1980s: Inventing Modern LASIK

In 1989, Lucio Buratto, M.D., of Italy introduced a procedure combining the microkeratome and the excimer laser. A corneal cap was created using the microkeratome, followed by tissue removal from the surface under the cap, or the exposed cornea under the cap, using the excimer laser, a technique called excimer laser intrastromal keratomileusis (ELISK). Further refinement led to a procedure where the corneal cap was not completely removed from the cornea, but rather left partially attached. This made for easier repositioning of the cap, and thus began the era of laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Today: Continuing to Evolve

While the technology has improved drastically over the last two decades, the basic concept of LASIK is still the same. The efficacy of LASIK has improved dramatically. The understanding of who makes for a good candidate has expanded. The accuracy of visual outcomes has increased. And the future of this simple, yet life-changing, procedure is even brighter now than it was for the ground-breaking innovators of the past 65 years.

Additional

*Individual results may vary. See Frequently Asked Questions for more information. Photography contains paid actors, not actual patients. Testimonials are from actual patients. Most recommended claim is based on a 2013 LasikPlus study of 500 respondents who received LASIK from various providers. Respondents treated at LasikPlus recommended their provider to their friends and family at a higher rate than patients of any other provider included in the study.

♥$250 per eye price applies to patients with qualifying insurance coverage receiving treatment for up to -1.00 diopter with up to -1.00 diopter of astigmatism, performed with the traditional excimer laser (Advantage Plan not available). Prices range between $247 and $2,299 per eye based on prescription, laser, Advantage Plan selected as well as patient's insurance coverage. Previous Laser Vision Correction of any kind are ineligible for $250 price offer. Not valid at LasikPlus locations in Ft.Lauderdale, FL, Oklahoma City, OK. Best price when compared with other national LASIK provider pricing advertised online as of 10/31/2014.

♦♦Savings is $600 ($300 per eye), or 15% off your custom treatment price, whichever results in the greatest savings. An active insurance card must be shown at the time of pre-op appointment to qualify. Only applies to LASIK or PRK. LASIK exams are free of charge. No coupons required. Discount cannot be combined with any other offers or discounts. Other medical exams are billable, may be covered by insurance and require a co-pay and deductible charges if applicable.

Managed Care members are those who are enrolled in a participating health or vision plan.

^ Limited time offer. Only available to members of participating health and vision plans, or members of LasikPlus partner companies, who schedule via their plan/ membership are entitled to this limited time offer. Savings is $400 per eye on a Custom Wavelight Treatment with Lifetime Advantage Plan. Discount may not be combined with any other discount.

**Medical exams will incur a charge that may be covered by insurance.

ƒSavings is 20% off standard price or 5% off promotional price of LASIK or PRK. Discount cannot be combined with any other offers or discounts. Public Service Personnel includes firefighters, police, EMT, paramedics, doctors, nurses, military personnel, and teachers. The person must provide valid proof of employment or service at the time of appointment in order to receive discount. Valid at participating locations only. Additional restrictions may apply. Ask your vision center for details.

**/‡Financing Options Guaranteed with Premier Pay in-house financing: Down payment amount varies from $0 to $1,000 per eye based on FICO score. The interest rate is based on program length and varies from 0% to 19.99% APR. A $25 set-up fee and $3 monthly processing fee may apply. No minimum purchase amount is required. Excludes Ft. Lauderdale, Northville/Shelby and Oklahoma City LasikPlus® locations.