Gene Details

SLC17A5 and homologs in 6 species are found in 571 GeneSets:

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"Absence of fine and sharp appearance of brows, nose, lips, mouth, and chin, usually because of rounded and heavy features or thickened skin with or without thickening of subcutaneous and bony tissues." [pmid:19125436]

"deviation from the normal response to oral consumption or intravenous injection of specified amounts of glucose; measured by determining whole blood or plasma sugar level in a fasting state before and after taking glucose at specified intervals" [MESH:C18.452.394.952.500]

"A deformity of the sella turcica whereby the sella extends further anterior than normal such that the anterior clinoid process appears to overhang it, giving the appearance of the letter J on imaging of the skull." [HPO:curators]

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NEPDIST45 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NEPDIST45 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 30-45 min in the periphery under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, has been defined as an IQ score below 70." [HPO:probinson]

"anomaly in the seizure activity response to an agent that normally can induce uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain, producing a physical convulsion and/or minor change in physical behavior" [MGI:llw2]

"The upper eyelid margin is positioned 3 mm or more lower than usual and covers the superior portion of the iris (objective); or, the upper lid margin obscures at least part of the pupil (subjective)." [pmid:19125427]

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NEPVCOUNT60 measured in BXD RI Females & Males obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NEPVCOUNT60 measures Novel environment rears 45-60 min in the periphery under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Any constituent part of the living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [GOC:jl]

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NEPDIST45 measured in BXD RI Males obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NEPDIST45 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 30-45 min in the periphery under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Catalysis of the transfer of organic anions from one side of a membrane to the other. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai]

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for NEINDIST60 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The NEINDIST60 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 45-60 min in the center under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732]

"A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732]

"Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, PMID:10839820]

"This term applies to all changes in bone mineral density which (depending on severity) can be seen on x-rays as a change in density and or structure of the bone. Changes may affect all bones of the organism, just certain bones or only parts of bones and include decreased mineralisation as may be seen in osteoporosis or increased mineralisation and or ossification as in osteopetrosis, exostoses or any kind of atopic calicfications of different origin and distribution. The overall amount of mineralization of the bone-organ can be measured as the amount of matter per cubic centimeter of bones, usually measured by densitometry of the lumbar spine or hip. The measurements are usually reported as g/cm3 or as a Z-score (the number of standard deviations above or below the mean for the patient's age and sex). Note that measurement with this method does not reflect local changes in other bones, and as such might not be correct with regard the hole bone-organ." [HPO:probinson]

"Catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815340729, PMID:10839820]

"The term gait disturbance can refer to any disruption of the ability to walk. In general, this can refer to neurological diseases but also fractures or other sources of pain that is triggered upon walking. However, in the current context gait disturbance refers to difficulty walking on the basis of a neurological or muscular disease." [HPO:curators]

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for SVCOUNT30 measured in BXD RI Females & Males obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The SVCOUNT30 measures Open Field rears 15-30 min post saline under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators]

"Any constituent part of the plasma membrane, the membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [GOC:jl]

"The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732]

"Any constituent part of a membrane, a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:jl]

"Osteopenia refers to a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) below normal peak BMD but not low enough to be classified as osteoporosis. According to the WHO, osteopenia is characterized by a value of BMD more than 1 standard deviation below the young adult mean, but less than 2 standard deviations below this value." [HPO:probinson]

"A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in homozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, autosomal recessive disorders manifest in homozygotes (with two copies of the mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele)." [HPO:curators]

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NOVEL_ACOUNT_1 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NOVEL_ACOUNT_1 measures Open Field InovelTOTAL locomotion (activity beam breaks) in the center under the domain Morphine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Catalysis of the transfer of organic anions from one side of a membrane to the other. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai]

"Catalysis of the transfer of a sugar from one side of the membrane to the other. A sugar is any member of a class of sweet, water-soluble, crystallizable carbohydrates, which are the monosaccharides and smaller oligosaccharides." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]

Cerebellum Gene Expression Correlates for PCT_ENTRIES_OPEN measured in BXD RI Females obtained using SJUT Cerebellum mRNA M430 (Mar05) RMA. The PCT_ENTRIES_OPEN measures Percentage of entries into open arms of plus maze under the domain Porsolt. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"The directed movement of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [ISBN:0198506732]

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for SVCOUNT60 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The SVCOUNT60 measures Open Field Rears 45-60 min post saline under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators]

Using a computational approach binding sites for these transcription factors within the promoter regions of annotated genes in the mouse, rat, and human genomes were identified. Combining a robust search algorithm to identify discrete binding sites, a comparison of targets across species, and an analysis of binding site locations within promoter regions, allowed fro the identification of candidate genes that are strong CREB- or zif268 targets and are thus regulated by neural activity.

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for NEPVCOUNT45 measured in BXD RI Males obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The NEPVCOUNT45 measures Novel environment rears 30-45 min in the periphery under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Any constituent part of a membrane, a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:jl]

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NEPDIST45 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NEPDIST45 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 30-45 min in the periphery under the domain Morphine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Athetosis (from the Greek word for 'changeable' or 'unfixed') refers to an inability to sustain the muscles of the fingers, toes, tongue, or any other group of muscles in a fixed position. Instead, posture is interrupted by slow, purposeless involuntary movements." [HPO:curators]

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for NEINVCOUNT60 measured in BXD RI Females & Males obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The NEINVCOUNT60 measures Novel environment rears 45-60 min in the center under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of findings resulting from glomerular dysfunction with an increase in glomerular capillary wall permeability associated with pronounced proteinuria. Nephrotic syndrome refers to the constellation of clinical findings that result from severe renal loss of protein, with Proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia." [HPO:probinson]

"The directed movement of organic substances into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. An organic substance is a molecular entity that contains carbon." [CHEBI:50860, GOC:mah]

"Enables the directed movement of a specific substance or group of related substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:mtg_transport]

"The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732]

"any structural anomaly of the paired bands of optic nerve fibers running from the optic chiasma mostly to the lateral geniculate body, with a smaller number of fibers terminating in the superior colliculus and the pretectal region" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8]

"Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete]

"Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, PMID:10839820]

"Any constituent part of an organelle, an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes constituent parts of the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, but excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:jl]

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for NEINDIST60 measured in BXD RI Males obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The NEINDIST60 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 45-60 min in the center under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NEPDIST60 measured in BXD RI Males obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NEPDIST60 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 45-60 min in the periphery under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"A constituent part of an intracellular organelle, an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes constituent parts of the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton but excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:jl]

"Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- oder overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly)." [HPO:probinson]

"Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators]

"Catalysis of the transfer of a specific substance or related group of substances from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]

"any structural anomaly of the paired anteriolateral division of the embryonic prosencephalon plus the lamina terminalis from which the olfactory lobes, cerebral cortex, and subcortical nuclei are derived" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MESH:A08.186.211.730.885]

Genes that interact with the MeSH term 'Acetaminophen' (D000082). Incorporates data from 193 publications curated by the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). ODE Gene scores represent number of supporting publications per gene.

"any structural anomaly of the largest part of the brain, derived from the telencephalon, and is composed of a right and a left hemisphere each which contains an outer cerebral cortex and a subcortical basal ganglia; cerebral functions include sensorimotor, emotional, and intellectual activities" [MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.287]

"any structural anomaly of the brain, one of the two components of the central nervous system and the center of thought and emotion; controls coordination, bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.)" [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk, MGI:csmith]

"Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators]

"Hydrocephalus is an active distension of the ventricular system of the brain resulting from inadequate passage of CSF from its point of production within the cerebral ventricles to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation." [HPO:probinson, pmid:18211712, pmid:19410151]

"Located in a membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah]

"A constituent part of an intracellular organelle, an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes constituent parts of the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton but excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:jl]

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for SVCOUNT45 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The SVCOUNT45 measures Open Field Rears 30-45 min post saline under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Elemental activities, such as catalysis or binding, describing the actions of a gene product at the molecular level. A given gene product may exhibit one or more molecular functions." [GOC:go_curators]

alcohol response 4 (a.k.a. high-dose ethanol actions) is associated with neurotensin immunoreactivity and sleep time after alcohol administration mapped to 55 cM on mouse Chromosome 9 near D9Mit12 (P=0.0006). This locus is named Alcrsp4 (alcohol response 4). Potential candidate genes found in this region are Chrna3 and Gnai2. This interval was obtained by using an interval width of 25 Mbp around the peak marker (Build 37, MGI, http://informatics.jax.org).

"Elemental activities, such as catalysis or binding, describing the actions of a gene product at the molecular level. A given gene product may exhibit one or more molecular functions." [GOC:go_curators]

"Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators]

"Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators]

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for NEINDIST45 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The NEINDIST45 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 30-45 min in the center under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for SALINE_VCOUNT_2 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The SALINE_VCOUNT_2 measures Open Field TOTAL rears post saline under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"The directed movement of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [ISBN:0198506732]

"any structural anomaly of a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres; it consists of contralateral axon projections that provides communications between the right and left cerebral hemispheres" [ISBN:0-683-40008-8, MGI:csmith]

"The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for MDMA_ACT_MDA_1 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The MDMA_ACT_MDA_1 measures Locomotor response of 10 mg/kg MDMA injected on Day 2 under the domain MDMA. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NEPDIST45 measured in BXD RI Males obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NEPDIST45 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 30-45 min in the periphery under the domain Morphine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Seizures are an intermittent `abnormality of the central nervous system` (FMA:HP:0002011) due to a sudden, excessive, disorderly discharge of cerebral neurons and characterized clinically by some combination of disturbance of sensation, loss of consciousness, impairment of psychic function, or convulsive movements. The term epilepsy is used to describe chronic, recurrent seizures." [HPO:probinson]

"Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete]

"Any constituent part of an organelle, an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes constituent parts of the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, but excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:jl]

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NEPDIST45 measured in BXD RI Males obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NEPDIST45 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 30-45 min in the periphery under the domain Morphine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"The directed movement of organic substances into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. An organic substance is a molecular entity that contains carbon." [CHEBI:50860, GOC:mah]

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NOVEL_VCOUNT_1 measured in BXD RI Females & Males obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NOVEL_VCOUNT_1 measures Open Field Inovel TOTAL rears in the center under the domain Morphine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"The directed movement of carboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carboxylic acids are organic acids containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [GOC:ai]

Hippocampus Gene Expression Correlates for NEPDIST60 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Hippocampus Consortium M430v2 (Jun06) RMA. The NEPDIST60 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 45-60 min in the periphery under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NOVEL_ADIST_1 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NOVEL_ADIST_1 measures Open Field Inovel TOTAL locomotion ( cm in 1 hr) in the center under the domain Morphine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NEPVCOUNT45 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NEPVCOUNT45 measures Novel environment rears 30-45 min in the periphery under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Enables the directed movement of a specific substance or group of related substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:mtg_transport]

"Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete]

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NEPDIST60 measured in BXD RI Males obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NEPDIST60 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 45-60 min in the periphery under the domain Morphine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"any functional anomaly of the extensive, intricate network of electochemical structures in the body that is comprised of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia and parts of the receptor organs that receive and interpret stimuli and transmit impulses to effector organs to control body functions" [MGI:csmith]

"An abnormality of the skin adnexa (skin appendages), which are specialized skin structures located within the dermis and focally within the subcutaneous fatty tissue, comprising three histologically distinct structures: (1) the pilosebaceous unit (hair follicle and sebaceous glands); (2) the eccrine sweat glands; and (3) the apocrine glands." [HPO:probinson]

"`Hyperplasia` (MPATH:134) of the `gingiva` (FMA:59762, that is, a thickening of the soft tissue overlying the alveolar ridge. The degree of thickening ranges from involvement of the interdental papillae alone to gingival overgrowth covering the entire tooth crown." [pmid:19125428]

Striatum Gene Expression Correlates for NEPDIST60 measured in BXD RI Males obtained using GeneNetwork Striatum M430V2 (Apr05) RMA. The NEPDIST60 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 45-60 min in the periphery under the domain Morphine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete]

"Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators]

"Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators]

"The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together." [GOC:go_curators]

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for NOVEL_VCOUNT_1 measured in BXD RI Females & Males obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The NOVEL_VCOUNT_1 measures Open Field Inovel TOTAL rears in the center under the domain Morphine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators]

Chronic cocaine - Cocaine vs. Saline Chromatin immunoprecipitation before DNA microarray dimethyl-K9 / K27 histone H3 binding, increased 20 mg / kg / day for 7 days. 24 hr after the last dose, Nucleus accumbens was punch dissected from mice. Increased methylation of H3 at K9 or K27 (Lys9 or 27) is reguarded as predictive of gene repression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), where tissue is lightly fixed to crosslink DNA with histones and other DNA-binding proteins and then immunoprecipitated for a protein of interest (e.g., acetylated H3), can be used to assess the extent to which a given gene is associated with this marker of repression. To identify the probes at which histone acetylation or methylation is significantly altered after cocaine treatment, we derived a score (calculating the alteration for each probe from the mean; hereafter, alteration score) for each probe. See Supplementary methods for details (Document S1). The alteration scores that were more than 3.1 standard deviations (SD) from the mean were considered significant. As a reference, under normal assumptions, 3.1 SD corresponds to a p-value < 0.001. However, due to the short-tailed distribution of our histone modification data, p < 0.001 is probably (NIF Table ID 19 [21])

"any structural anomaly of the extensive, intricate network of electochemical structures in the body that is comprised of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia and parts of the receptor organs that receive and interpret stimuli and transmit impulses to effector organs to control body functions" [MGI:csmith]

"depression assayed by reduced escape attempts and/or immobility when placed in a stressful situation such as a forced swim test or a suspension test; or failure to seek pleasurable stimuli" [PMID:11875023]

Neocortex Gene Expression Correlates for NEPVCOUNT60 measured in BXD RI Females & Males obtained using GeneNetwork Neocortex ILM6v1.1 (Feb08) RankInv. The NEPVCOUNT60 measures Novel environment rears 45-60 min in the periphery under the domain Cocaine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.

"A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732]

"A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732]

"any structural anomaly of the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for conveying voluntary motor and external sensory information, including all nerves controlling the skeletal muscular system and external sensory receptors (including balance, smell, sight, taste, touch and hearing sensory inputs)" [MGI:csmith]

"any structural anomaly of the part of the brain developed from the most rostral of the three primary vesicles of the embryonic neural tube from which the diencephalon and telencephalon are derived" [NLX:birnlex_1509, PMID:9010203]

"Located in the plasma membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah]

"the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the extensive, intricate network of electochemical structures in the body that is comprised of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia and parts of the receptor organs that are manifested through development and lifespan" [MGI:csmith]

"Catalysis of the transfer of a specific substance or related group of substances from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]

"any structural anomaly of the second cranial nerve which is responsible for conveying visual information from the retina to the brain; it extends from the retina to the optic chiasma where part of its fibers become the optic tract and cross to the opposite side and pass to the geniculate bodies" [MGI:csmith]

"The directed movement of organic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai, GOC:krc]

"any structural anomaly of the fiber tracts that connect the dorsal region of the two cerebral hemispheres and span the longitudinal fissure, including the corpus callosum and hippocampal commissure" [PMID:16715082]

"The directed movement of organic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai, GOC:krc]

"Muscular hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle), often involving reduced muscle strength. Hypotonia is characterized by a diminished resistance to passive stretching." [HPO:curators]

"An anomaly of the lymphatic system, a network of lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph unidirectionally towards either the right lymphatic duct or the thoracic duct, which in turn drain into the right and left subclavian veins respectively." [HPO:probinson]

"Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed." [HPO:curators]

"Any constituent part of the living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [GOC:jl]

Hippocampus Gene Expression Correlates for NEPDIST60 measured in BXD RI Females obtained using GeneNetwork Hippocampus Consortium M430v2 (Jun06) RMA. The NEPDIST60 measures Novel environment locomotion (cm) 45-60 min in the periphery under the domain Morphine. The correlates were thresholded at a p-value of less than 0.001.