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-P T
44
VOL. XIX. PICkENS, S. .,THURSDAY JANUAY 30,189.
T HE COMING CAMPAIGN
A CONTEAT PROPOSED WITHIN THI
DEHOOR&TIO PARTY.
An Address to the Denocrats of Soutl
Carolina, lesued by Order of the Execu
tive Commiuttee of'the Farners' AsOdcla
tion of Sputih Carolina,
To the Democracy of South Carolina:
For four years the Democratic party
In the State has been deeply agitated,
and efforts have been made at the prima
ries and conventions to secure retrench
ment and reform, and a recognition of
the needs and rights of the masses. The
first farmers' convention met in April,
i8. Another in j.ovember of the same
ear perfected a permanent organization
ander the name of the "Farmers' Asso
lation of South Carolina." This asso
lation, representing the reform elemet
a the party, has held two annual sessions
ince, and at each of these four conven
one, largely attended by representa.
ve farmers from nearly all the Coun
s, the demands of the people for
)ater economy in the government,
-ater efficiency in its officials and a
t ler recognition of the necessity or
Y iaper and more practical education,
h o been pressed upon the attention of
Pr legislators.
In each 'of the two last Democratic
tate Conventions the "farmhers' move
ont"' hat had a large following, and we
niy failed of controlling the convention
'888 by a small vote-less than
enry-fle-and that, too, in the face of
active opp.sitinu of nearly every
ned politician in this State. We claim
we have always had a majority of
people on our side, and have only
y reason of the superior political
ofJour oppononts and our lack of
ozation. In proof of this we point
, eville and Chester, the only Coun
-cept Charleston which had not al
appointed delegates to the State
)ntion before the campaign meet
two years ago at which Governor
rdson spoke. Both of thobe Coun
after hearing the Governor defend
licy and thatlof his faction repudiat
tn and it, and he received only two
from them.
he executive committee of the Farm
Association did not de,m it worth
tile to hold any convention ).sL No
ber, but we have watched closely
ry move of the enernies of eonomy
enetuies of. agricultural education,
enemies of true Jeffersonian Democ
--and we think the time has come
show the people what it is they need
ni how to- accomplish their desires.
e will draw up the indictment against
ose who have been and are still gov
ring our State, because It is at once the
:e and justification of the course we
end to pursue.
o REAL REPUBLICAN GOVERNMENT.
South Carolina has never had a real
ublican government. Since the
(f the 'hors proprietors' it has been
1644ar-Acy under the forms of de
cy, and whenever a champion of
ople has attempted. to show them
ir rights, and advocated those rights.
aristocratic oligarchy has bought him
I an office, or failing in that, turned
so the flood gates of misrepresentation
d slander in order to destroy his in
nee.
oe peculiar situation now existing in
State, requiring the united efforts of
ry true white man to preserve white
remacy and our very civilization even,
intensifled and tended to make per
ent the conditions which existed
the war. Fear of~ -i division
us and consequent return of negro
as kept the people quiet and they
submitted to many grievances im
d by the, ruling faction because they
S-4to risk such a division.
e'& armore' movement" has been
.red and retarded in its work by
,ndition of the public mind, but
e shown our fealty to race by
tting to the edict. of the party,
we intenid as heretofore to make our
ht ineide the party lines, feeling as
red that truth and justice must finally
\evail. The resfilts of the agitation
us far are altogether encouraging.
In h by Inch and step by step true
mocracy-the rule of the people-has
m its way. We have catried all the
tposts. Only two strongholds remain
be taken, ad with the issues fnirly
do up and put plainly to the people
-I e no fear of the result. The
us fJIcpreentatives has been ear
d tw ce and at laut held after a des
ate struggle.
The advocates of reform and economy
e no longer sneered at as "Three-for-a
uarter statesmen." They pass measures
f economy which four year?fago would
ave excited only derision, and with the
rmers' movement to strengthen their
ckbone have withstood the cajolery,
ireats and Impotent rage of the "ring
ossem." The Senate Is now the main
eliaince of the enemies of retrenchment
nd reform, who oppose giving the peo
le their rights. The Senate Is the
ronghold of "existing Institutions,"
od the main dependence of those who
e antagonistic to all progress. As we
ptured the House we can capture the
enate; but we must control the Dem
ratic State Convention before we c -n
ope to make economy popular in Co
mbia, or be assured of no more pocket
toes. The General Assembly is large
intluenced by th'i ideas and policy of
io State officers, and we must elecet
'iose before we can say the farmers'
o'vement has accomplished its missa,~
is,true that we have wrenched from
e aristocratic coterie who were edu
ted at dad sought to monopolize every.
ng~ for '.he South Cairolina College,
o right to control the laud scrip and
mia Hl'tch fu,gd anii a part of the privi
e tar ofi fetilizers for one year, and
have' (14,6, with which, to comn
etice building a separate agricultural
-ligge.wberet a sas of poor farmers
9:da pfAO.i 1.. 1 eductoo at small
xpenyr. But we. dare . not relax our
ort or- rely upo~ tbei loud professions
ounr oppoaenits.as to their willingness
w to build and equipthis agricultural
the Sauth Carilina College, gtve voic
to the sentiments and wishes which ar
prevalent at the University and Militar
Academy when he "hoped to see the in
fernal Clemson College sink out of sigh
next year." They all want to snk th
"infernal" agricultural college out' o
sight, and If Its friends do not rally onc
more to its support it will either be de
stroyed or starved, so that it cannot d<
the great work it is expected to accom
plish. All the cry about "existin in
stitutions" which must remain inviolatt
shows that the ring-tho South Cacollnu
University, Citadel, Agricultural
Bureau, Columbia Club, Greenfield
building ring intend in the future, as in
the past, to get all they can and keep all
they get. These pets of the aristocracy
and its nurseries are only hoping that the
people will again sink Into their accus
tomed apathy. The University was
given an increased appropriation; and
there is no thought of transferring it to
Fort Hill, although the land scrip fun'l
which is sent there was expressly donat
ed for the purpose of mechanical as well
as agricultural e ducation, and so with
the experimental- statione. The Hatch
fund is given to the Clemson College,
but the stations are left at Columbia and
Spartanburg, under the control of the
South Carolina College. Is it not plain
that these people intend to yieid
obedience to the law only when they are
made to do Itt The Farmers' Associa
tion demands that the lald scrip and
Hatch funds:and the fertilizer tax shall first
be consolidated and used for the build
and maintenance of a class industrial
school, with Experiment Stations
attached, for farmers and mechanics.
We hold that the experimental work,
the educational work and the inspection
and analysis of fertilizers can all be more
efficiently and economically carried on
under one bgard, mostly at one place,
and much of it by the same corps of men
who teach. We have never and do not
now want any increase of taxes to ac
complish these 6nds. But our opponents
having seized the opportunity afforded
by our agitation to double the income of
the South Carolina College and call it a
university, and in addition obtait,ed the
Hatch fund of $15,000, donated for Ex
periment Stations, cry out: "Take our
Clemson College i We will give you
$98,000 or $198,000 if you want it raised
by taxation, but don't touch existing in
stitutions." They have built with our
bricks, but say we must not take them,
but that we can build if we make others.
Was there ever such impudence?
THE DOINOs OF THE ItINO.
They seized first the land scrip fund.
Then they misappropriated the Hatch
fund. They increased the taxes $65,000
a year to equip and maintain the dif
ferent departments of the grand univer
siLy. They voted $60,000 in one lump
without even a division to rebuild, re
pair and equip the Citadel Academy, and
then saty to taxpaying farmers: Leave
our existing institutions alone. Let the
agricultural bureau with its board-who
are our chosen sons, every man of them
belonging to or aspiring to belong to our
aristocratic ring -let this bureau waste
$30,000 a year more-leave our Experi
ment Stations at Darlington, Columbia
and- Spartanburg alone. We expect to
control votes with them and they must
not be touched. Put your hands in your
pockets and pay for your Clemson College
if you will have it, and we will vote the
taxes.
An analysis of the vote in the House and
Senate which defeatcd the consolidation
of all our agricultural work shows that
the- board and Department of Agriculture
are sustained by the fertilizer manufac
turers, the phosphate miners and the
University and Citadel. If a farmer
voted for its continuance it is becauise he
felt that the South Carolina University
would lose something by its asolition.
The support of the fertilizer companies
is easy to undeetand. This bureau has
been their best friend. Year after year
we have been told by Commissioner
Butler that the gtaanos inspected were.
below the guarantees, but nobody has
been punished. In fact there is no ade
quate punishment for selli,pg fraudulent
guanos in this State., The bill prepared
by the committee of the Farmers' Asso
ciation for the reorganization of the
Board of Agriculture would have secured
our farmers against swindling fertilizar
dealers, but it was amended to death by
the lawyers in the Senate, who are attor
neys for the phosphate miners and fer
tilizer companies; and the men who were
elected on the board over the nominees
of the farmers' convention were chosen
not because they are more loyal to the
agricultural interests, or better fitted for
the position, but because they are friends
of the University and belong or are sub
servient to our aristocracy--"so called"
-and the phosphate miners arc too well
satisfied with the system of collecting
the State royalty to permit a change if
they can help it. How wonderfully per
fect orjdefective is this system Is shown
by the fact that during the ten years
under the same officials not a single in?
dictment has bee.1 Drought against any
one for attempting to swindle the State
out of its dues. No wonder Chaarleston
Is in love with the Agricultural Bureau
and cannot hear to see that "existing
institution" disturbed.
'rho recent proposal to sell the State's
interest in the phosphate beds Is fortu
nate, because thereby the attention of
taxpayers Is attracted to this mod, im-|
-portant matter. The Farmers' Ass.>cia
tion proposed In 1880 to increase the
royalty as a means of lowering taxes,
and we believe this can be safely done
to the extent of $100,000.
A legislative committee was appointe3d
to "investigate" and report on the sub
ject. This was only done to give time
waiting ten months until the market had
been manipulated, etc. This committee
paoceeded to show how well It had been
chosen "not to do it." There was no
honest effort made to get at the real
facts as to the profits of the business and
Its ability to stand an increase of roy
alty ;and after it had been "wined and
dined," and brought into a suitable
frame of moind that committee came to
Columbia and actually proposed to give
the six largest companies a monopoly for
a less annual rental than the State was
then receiving. Only one Senator, to
whom all honor is due, dissented from
this outrageous proposal, What was the
result? Of course the General Assembly
did not act favorably upon It, but all
thought of .m increuen of royalty was a.s
e abaad neJ, %-id this vas whatthe corpa
e ration attorneys, who were there in the
V Intetest of their clients and not of their
- Constituents, had been working for.
t "The goose that lays the golden egg"
3 was not killed-"existlog institutions"
f were not disturbed. Phosphate 4rock,
which had been manipulated down to
$8 40 per ton, advanced In two months
> after the Legislature adjourned to $6.00
and has since ruled between $5.50 and
$7 50 per ton. The golden eggs are still
being laid, but not in the State's nest
whether some of them have not gone
into pockets which they ought not, is an
open question. Now, we want to warn
the people that the charter ol the Cno
saw company--obtained by bribery, it is
said, of a Radical Legislature-expires
in 1891. This company, which has
grown fabulously rich, claims to have
a -perpetual contract, with exclusive
right to mine in Coosaw River, and
pay only one dollar per ton for the privi
lege. The next L-gislature must act on
this question, and the next Attorney
General may have to test these claims
in court. The whole question of phos
phate management or mismanagement
must be settled. Can the taxpayers
afford to allow any but true meu to go to
the Senate, or elect a corporation lawyer
as Attoruey Genurall Bhall the politi
cians choose him, or shall we, casting
about iamg the amony honorable, patri
otic law5ers of the State, make the selec
tion ourselves?
RAILROAD LEOISLATION.
The Legislature which has just ad
journed has other sine to answer for, or
rather the Senate must be held respon
Pihlo The people demanded that the
-Railroad Commissioners should have
something to do besides draw their sala
ries and spend them. We want protec
tion against the greed of the gigantic
corporations owned at the North, which
regard South Carolina as a lemon to be
squeezed, and care nothing for the wel
fare of our towns, our State or our peo
ple.
The railroad laws of 18-made the
commission a power to defend the
people against imposition. The same
legislature which enacted it having been
bamboozleed or debauched, at the very
next session left it only as a sinecure
with fat salaries and no power. We
have just seen the disgraceful farce re
peated. The law was vastly improved
tt the session of 1888, but after a year,
which has shown the weakness and un
fitness of the present incumbents, for
they have done very little, the Senate
peremptorily refused to make -any
c'janges. The Railroad Commissioners
now in office have been "tamed" so to
speak, by the railroads, and men who
have not been so long under their wing
might Lave done so,nething in the inter
est of the people, but that same Senate,
which has again and again thwarted the
people, which refuses to reduce salaries,
which_fought the Clemson College and
yielded '* Ta'stto-ne it n which
is the-stronghold of aristocracy with I a
old, extravagant, non-progressive, im
pinacticable ideas, which in a word is
dominated by Charleston's rich politi
cians-that Senate resolved to mantain
this "existing institution," too, statu
quo.
Of all the taxes we pay, the pensions
to Confederate veterans are submitted to
most willingly, and we regret that we
cannot increase the pittance they re
ceive. But the continuance of men in
office as political pensioners, after their
ability or willingness to serve the people
is gone-when the interests, and even
rights of the people are thereby sacri
ficed-this pandering to sentiment-this
favoritism-is a errime, nothing more
and nothing less. Rotation in office is a
cardinal Democratic principle, and the
neglect to practice it is the cause of
many Ills we suffer.
We cannot elaborate the other counts
in this indictment. We can only point
briefly to the mismanagement of the
penitentiary, which is a burden on the
taxpayers, even while engaged in no
public works which might benefit the
State. To the wrong committed against
the people of many Counties (strong
holds of Democracy) by the failure to
reapportion representation according to
population, whereby Cbarleton has five
votes in the House and ten votes in the
State Convention, which chooses our
State officers, to which it is not entitled.
To the zeal and extravagance of this
aristocratic oligarchy, whose sins we are
pointing out, in promising higher edu
cation for every class excep)t farmers,
while it neglects the free schoola, which
are the only chance for an education to
thousands of poor children whose fa
thers bore the brunt in tbe struggle for
our redemption'In 1870. To the con
tinued recurrence of horrible lynchuings
-which we can but attribute to bad laws
and their inefficient administration. To
the impotence.of justice to punish crim
inals who have money. To the failure to
call a constitutional convention that we
may have an organic law framed by
South Carolinians and suited to our
wants, thereby lessening the burden of
taxation and giving us better govern
ment.
DEMAND FOR A CHANGE.
Fellow Democrats, do not aill these
things cry out for a change? Is it not
opportune, when there is no national
election, for the common people who re
deemed the State from Radical rule to
take charge of it I Can we afford to
leave it longer in the hands of these who,
wedded to ante-helium patriotism andA
honor, are running it in the interest of a
few families and for the benefit of a sel
fish ring of politicians. As real Demo
crats and white men, those who here re
aew our pledge to make, the fight inside
the Democratic party and abide the re
sult, we call upon every true Carolinian,
of all classes and callings, to help usi
purify and relorm the Democratic party,
and give us a government of th'e people,
by the people, and for the people. If
we control the State Democratic Cjonven
tion, a Legislature In sympathy will
naturally follow ; falling to do this we risk
losing all we have gained, and have no
hope of any change for the better. The
logic of events and past experience show
that we must nominate candidates and
put them in the field early, so that the
masses wil.l understand what they must
do to bring about the change we aso de
sire. Such course' will cause an active
canvass, wide discussion of the issues
presented, and the people t1ms 1learn.n.
the tiuth c1u o.l.o whether they at
in favor of th, farmerkil movement c
not, by elect Ing or rejecting '.ourLnom
Uee.
We therefore issue this call for a coc
vention of those Democrats who symps
thize with our views and purposes, a
herein setfortb. to meet in Columbia, I
the House of Representatives, on Thura
day, the 27th day of March proximo, a
12 o'clock w., to nominate a ticket fo
every State office. from Governor down
to be put Ia the field for ratifloation o
rejection by the next Democratie Stat
Convention, and we pledge ourselves t4
abide the result, whether that Is for u
or against us.
Each County will send as many dele
gta.es s It sends to the 81fate Conven
tioD, and we sumigest that a mit-s meet
ling or convention be callcd in eact
County to elect delegates on slesday it
March. .
By order of the executive emumitte<
of the Farmers' Association of Soutl
Carolina, G. W. Simc,, Pres't,
and ex-officio Ch'm.
Our small coitenen.
Mr. Bryce, in hie 'American Coin.
monwealth," says an excellent word for
our hundreds of small colleges. Some
of our own people are !nclined to sneer
at these humble places of learning, and
recommend that they be abolished,
swallowed up by the greot universities,
etc.
Mr. Bryce says they get hold of a multi
tude of poor men who copid never go to
one of the great iniversities at a distance
from their home. They thus fill the
country with a learning, not of the
highest, to be aure, but still higher than
the public schools. They strike often
times the spark in the breast of the
country youth that kindleb in later times
to such a love of scientific pureus and
originril investigation that the youth be
comes one of the famous men of his day.
Our great men in all fields are nearly
always those who were boru ani grown
in the country, near to the heart of na
ture. It is these @Lrong, ambitious
youths that the country college reaches
particularly. Ex P1resident Andrew D.
White speaks in high commendation of
the small colleges, calling them feeders
of the universities. What though they
are not so sumptuously endowed, and
have not stately, high salaried profes
sors? In the true love of learning, in
the simple, unconscious dignity of genu
ine manhood, in the kindly sympathy
with his students and nearness to them
the country college professor is often
the superior of his brother in the uni
niversity. The strong pinioned human
sympathy that draws near to the weak,
the erring, the poor, the unhappy, and
bears them up and at length eends them
into the world as men in their turn is
better than the ability to write a whole
Greek play and put in the accents cor
rectly. We have in the United States
c ea y moo Y small ones.
thywave!
An Nnglne's Remarkable Record.
A Philadelphia inventor named
James Reagan claims to have run an
engine continuously for one week
over the Philadelphia Division of the
Reading Railroad without changing
the fire in the furnace, and that noth
ing of the kind was ever attemnted or
accomplished before. The invention$
it is believed, will revolutionize the
old time methods used in firing loco,
motives if the railroad companies
adopt it, and inventor Reagan's per
formances are the talk of every engi
neer on the road. By using a patent
shaking grate the unheard-of record
was made of running a locornotive
drawing heavy freight trains for 136
hours,- inc'uding long stops on the
road., which the engineers dread on
account of the way their fires clog, it
often requiring thirty-five or forty min
utes to renew them in order to pro
ceed. Mr. Reagan stuck to the engine
throughout the week of experiment,
scarcely sleeping. All the food ho got
was what the engineers gave him and a
few oysters secured during a short stop
in Philadelphia. "The mageitude of
the undertaking," says Mr. Reagan,
"was such that every one doubted the
ability to make one trip. The quality
of the coal was oven below the ordina
ry used by the road. The test was
made as severe as possible, and the
victory is more signal on that account.
Besides the fast gain in time there is
equally as much saved in fuel' After
the first fire wvas lit I did not burn a
piece of wood as big a match stick,
and it usually takes one-quarter of a
cord to start the furnace after the fire
begins to clog and a cleaning out be
comes neceaary."
T ho Muccesg e f tihe Atlince.
Attant,a Journal.
The farmers are deriving great
benefit from the Alliance. It has saved
them in Georgia alone $200,000 in a
single year on the purchase of fertili
zers. It has lowered the cost of almost
every article they use, food, clothing,
farm implements wagons buggies,
and even the few luxuries timat Geor
g ia farmers have been able to enjoy.
It has taught the farmers the use of
the most powerful weapon in the
struggles of peace or war-'co-opera
tion. Divided, they were the easy
pray of the monopolists and trusts; but
united in a phalanx 4,000,000 strong,
with one wing resting on the shores
'Sf'Maine, the other on the Pacific coast,
the farmers have become a power.
They are r,h,e people, and they uaust
rule. The membership is steadily in -
creasing, and its field of usefulness
steadily broadening, Our reports from
the South Carolima Alliance are par
ticnlarly encouraging. The order is
making rapid progress In that State,
and has, as the Georgia Alliance, a
settled policy of uplif'ting the people
and protecting them from the designs
of the monopolies and trusts: Tihe
Alliance has a good work before It. It
has accomplished much but It has
much more to accormplish. Fortu
nately for the people ,it has the cour
etge and the ability to wage war suc
cessfully and to fulfill Its mtssion,
-The great Stewart will case, In
New York, has been ended by a com
promise and all the heirs are happy.
WH1O BLED THEIR PATIENT8 TC
CURE THEM.
And the Modern Doctors Whoe Bleed Their
Patients' Pockets nod Soieetlanes Kill
Timen-trip's [Conalulacences.
There is an awful mystery about these
r doctors. They know so much that corn
Ir on people don't know. When I was
a child I ha l profound reverence for
them. Oin family doctor was a three
hundred-pounaer, and was gruff and
abort in his speech, and n,t very fond of
children. And yet he seemed to have
a great many hid out somewhere, and
was alwayagiving them away. When
ever a new child came into the family
or the neighborhood it was said that the
doctor brought it. I used to wonder
vvhere he kept them. I asked my moth
er once, and she said, "in 1Icaven may
be," and this increased my veneration.
Our big, fat doctor had a shop-we
didn't call it an office-and I used to
pee) in at the door sometimes and look
at his little bottles on the shelves. I
was sent there once for some licorice
root and some cinnamon bark. There
was a mysterious box standing up -in the
corner, a long narrow box about big
enough to hold an old-fashioned clock
a grandfather's clock-and the door was
open a little and I saw an awful th'ng
in there, a skeleton suspended from a
screw in the skull. There were dark
cavernous holes for the eyes, and a hole
for the nose, and there were jaws with
teeth in them and they looked tierce and
malicious. I had a little primer at
home, and it had pictures in it. One
was a picture of a skeleton with a scythe
in his hand and I had learned the
lines:
"Time cuts down all,
Both great and small."
and I thought I had discovered where
this old raseAl was kept hid. lie was
in that box. It was a long time before
I recovered from those childish super
stitions. Onc time I had a long spell of
fever, and that old doctor bled ine till
I fainted, and he wouldn't let me have
any water, and when I got delirious I
thought that he had that skeleton on his
back, and I was to be cut down with a
scythe blade. iIe bled me several
times-five little scars are on my arm
yet. Bleeding wa a big thing then.
lark Harding says his arms are just
tattooed with scars. I reckon they bled
more in Mark's day than in mine, for the
older a man is the more scars he has;
and Mark says he has got forty. I can
tell how olu a man is by his scars. Mark
says that "bleeding was a good thing
and ought not to have been abolished.
That these modern doctors are always
talking about blood poison, blood poi
the blood is poisoned,
why not take it ' Bleed a man un
til he can hardly wag, d let new blood
form that is not poisoned. blood
But we lived-blood or
water or no water-doctors or doc
tors. The Baptists lived and the .Pr
byteians lived, for they say that Bap
tists don't tie until their time comes,
and - predestination saves the Presby
terians; but it isa wonder that any leth
odists were ever raised in these phleboto
my days. We never had any medicine
except castor oil and calomel, and epsom
salts and jalap, and number six and
sheep saffron tea, and some jawbreaking
tooth pullers that were made just like
these crowbar books that you turn over
a log with at a sawmill. There were
some patent medicines, like paregoric
and Bateman's drops, and Godfroy's cor
dial and opedeldock that were kept in
the store, and they were good, too. But
the noble science has made p)rogress,
and I like it because it offers such a
slim chance for a fool. We've got a
bny studying medicine, and are hopeful
of him-of course we arc. IIis niothier
thinks lie will be a gt eat surgeon, for lie
is the seventh son, and when he was a
lad our peacock got his leg broke, and
I was about to kill him to p)ut the poor
thing out of misery, but RIlphi be.ggod
me to give the bird to him; and he made
some splints out of a big eano and fixed
him up) in a swing, and he got well; and
another time he sewed up a bad cut on
one of our mules; and Le just loved to
pick out splinters or get a cinder out, of
your eye, and so we consented to his
being a doctor, and lhe is attending lec
tures in Atlanta, and the other day I
called to sue hinm at t:.e college. It was
a kind of recess when I got~ there. I
was introduced to Dr. Kendrick, and ho
was mighty kInd arnd said they were
just about to pea form on a clintik, and
invited me in. I thought that it was
some kind of electric machine, but
when I got in the room there were 125
younmg doctors sitting all arouind on tiers
of seats ihat got higher and higher so
that all of them could look down on the
little circulat pit at thle bot ton- a Ii ttle
pit about ten fe et acr >ss anid looped
like it was built to fight chickens in.I
heard that the boys did tig'ht chickens
there, on the siy, sometia.es. The clinik
was a revolvitng table that had a cot on
it, and was p)laced mn the middle of the
pit. Dr. Kendrik w ~ent in first and I
followed along with a sick white man
and two sick dtarkies. All of a sudden
the young doctors comnmencedI cheering
and so I tooks a cheer ai.d sat down.I
didn't kno x whether they were cheering
the prmotebsor or tbe sick nien. I rose for
wardl anid took another cheer and they
cheered agurir. Tho professor then in
trod uced mec to the audience and I came
to a peorpenidietIlar attitude, and they
cheered again and again and I took my
cheer. After this lit? e episode wras
over the professor asked one of the
darkles what was the matter with him
and he said he didn't have breath enough
-lie was short of breath, lie couldn't
walk ten steps and his heart went like
a kittle drum. So the professor thutmp
ed on him and put his ear to his left
breast and began to ask the young doc
tor's que tions shout dise ases of the
heart, an.I they seemed to know right
smart. One said the heart had two
beats to the bar, and another said the
heart hod two oracles and two ventrilo
q uiste, and another said the reason the
darkey was short of breath was because
he diidn't have enough of it, and another
said the valves were out of order, and
another thought that the clavicles of the
sternum were contracted but a knowing..
young man said there was not enoug]
oxygen in hie blood. I ooticed tha
when a young man hesitated and go
things nixed, the professor was verj
kind and helped him along just liki
Dr. Waddell used to help us boys along
In Latin when we were in college.
"Quidam is a ironoun, is it not Air.
Jones?" "Yes, sir." "Well, quidem i
what? an adverb, is it not?" "Yes, Si
yes, sir. Quidam is an pronoun and
quidem is tin adverb." "C-:rrect, Mr.
.lonev." And Mr. Jones thought he had
done wonders until his report came oul
and he was put down 40 in Latin. "Well
what is the remedy for that," said the
professor. If his blood lacks oxygen how
can oxygen be supplied?" "Give him a
tonic, sir," said a young man with
a bad cold, an iron donios." Then the
book-keeper wrote a prescription.
Good gracious, thought I, has that
darkey got to eat a whole donic. A
(ionic is a lunip of iron as big as a wa
ter pail. But maybe he is not to eat
it-, but is to handle it. Maybe he Is to
dig in the mines. It (oe4 make a man
strong to dig up donies in the mines.
It is like swinging a pair of duubbells
to get strong. But our boy told me
afterwards that it was not a doitic but
a tonic. I wish that I knew as much
about the human frame as Dr. Kt i
drick knows, He put. a little glass
quill in the other darkey's mouth, and
when he took it out and looked at it,
be told the young doctor. all about his
disease and how it came and what
must be done for him; and then he
began on the white man and asked
him what was the matter, and the
man pulled up tI he leg ot his pante
and showed an awful case of big Leg,
and the Dr. said omething about an
elephant,, and told him that he had
come the wrong lay. and belonged to
Dr. Westmorelanid's clinik. Poor lel
low, thought I, you are gone up1). Dr.
Vesimorbland will cut that leg off in
ten minutes and smile. Ne:xt I was
invited into the dissecting room.
Yes, I was invited, and the big fat.,
black janitor who steals all the stilM
opened the door, but, I didn't go in.
I saw enough, and one whiff of the
odoriferous atimosphero satisfied me,
and I departed those coasts. The
young doctors laughed at mnc tum1ul
tuously. There were ten tables in
there, and a cadaver on every table,
and some of them were split in two,
and some dismembered, and there
were arms and legs hanging about on
the walls and from some all the
nerves had been taken out like a bun
dIle of st-iing, and from some all the
muscles had been taken ouz.. And
there were backbones, and haslets, and
spare ribs, just like you see at a hog
killing time. And all this is to teach
the doctors anatomy, and it is all right,
and if a man has any genius at all It
does IGok like lie ought to know how
to treat a disease, and what to do for
every wound that humanity is liable
to. Those 125 doctors seem to be in
earnest, and some of them will make
their mark. Our boy came home the
other day and had a darkey's ear
wrapped up in his pocket, and wanted
to tel his mother all about its anato
my. For a minute she didn't under
stan t it was, and asked him in
amazementi had got to chewing
amazementi iss_,
tobacco. He said, y no; '
not tobacco, this is a darkey's ear.
rose forward and then backward and
was more indignant than when I had
that mole In the sugar dish. Ralph
had to leave the room and hide out
the oar, and she wouldn't let him eat
dinner until he had washed his hands
with lye soap and cologne two or three
times. But still she is proud of that
boy, and tells how he used to speak a
speech, and say: "Frienide, Romans,
countrymen; lend mae your ears." "Lit
tle did I think," said she, "that he
would some day go about, cuttinag them
oflf fron dead negroes."
A Newv Era in A gricultIa,r.
T1here arc hints that a revolut/on is
about, to come in agriculture through
the discovery that t,he free nitrogen of
the at mosphere is absorbed and ''fixed''
by the soil itself uinder suitable cond'i
tions. Plants need phosphoric adid,
p)otasht and nitrogen. T1hme first two
are ini reach, bait the third has been
sup)po.Acd t.o be elusive. It has bee'n
the general teaching that the nit,rogen
of the atmaosphmere plays no part in
vt(getaitiont. Now M. Berthelot and
others aflirm that it does. They have
deonUtstratedI, they say, that the free
nitrogen of the atmiosphere is '"fixed"
and made available as a fertilizer "by
the ceo-operat,ion of mineral matt er and
of living organisms in thme soil.'' Thme
fact, exptkins, it, is salid, why it, is "(I)
that spade husbandry is much more
p)roduict.ive than p):owing; (2) t hat land
can be enriched by simpjly, plowing
iuder its OWn) priodt, andu (3) that
sunme followintg, w ithl fr'equena t ir
ring, actually enriches the soil.'' P'u.I
verization of thme soil increases, it.
seems, its capacit-y to~ abisorb) nitrogen.
T1he method of ceintrifuagal tillago now
being developed ini them West suppllies,
it, is claimed, an ideal modums operandi
for thme newv fert.ilization. It, pulverizes
the soil andit aetelt it ini the manipu
lat ion, and then confines a mass of air
in its midst for the slower process of
absorption and digestion b)y earth anid
planmts --Baltimore Sunm,
"Forathergill oin Indligestion," in
spcaking of the oyster being cuten hab
ituailly and by reference in thec 7a:i or
uncor bed state says: "'It is interesting
to kdowv that there i.s a sound physi
ological reason at the bottom of this
preference. 'I lie fawn-colored mass
which constitutes the dainty of the oys
ter is its liver, and this is little less than
a mass of glycogen associated1 with thme
glycogen, but whhheld from actual
contact with it during life, is its ag,
propriate digestive ferment-the hepa
tic diastace. The mere cruhiang be
tween the teeth brings these two bodies
together, and the glycigen is at once
digested, without other help, by its own
diastaco. The oyster in the uncooked
state, are merely warmed, is, in fact,
self-digestive. But the advantage of
this provision is wholly lost by cooking,
for the heat employed immediately de
stroys the associated ferment, and a
cooked oyster has to be digested like
any other food, by the eater's own di
gestive powers.- -Iall's Journal of
Health.
BLOWN INTO ETERHNIt
THE TERRIBLE FATE OF FIVB
RAILROAD LABORER9.
A Claarette u.releoily linneled Explode.
it ebarge, Klits Five Men and Woonda a
Dozen Others-Torrlile Efecse of the Ex
plomsoon.
CHARLOTTic, N. O., Jan., 28.-News
is received hero today pf a fGtsl ex
1)losion in Wilkes county, yesterday,
in which, live men were killed and a
dozen wounded. A squad Of railroad
hands were working on an extension
of the Cape Fear & Yadkin Valley
railroad, in the lower portion of that -
county. They were preparing to mako
a heavy blast., which was expected to
tear up a big rock in a twenty foot
cut. A tremendous hole had been
driven in the rook, and two kegs of
dynamite had been packed into it.
George !Ienlly a laborer, was pre
paring to adjust. the fuse, at the same
time smoking a cigarette from which a
spark accidentally dropped in and
fired off the powder. It was all done
in an instant and no one had time to
escape. The explosion roared like a
dozen cannons and not only burst up
the big rock but also tore. up fifteen
feet of the deep cut.
Five utfortunate workmen were
seitt whirling into the air, riding on
large pieces of the broken rock.
Among the flying earth, a dozen others
were knocked about and partially
buried unader the falling dirt.
Vheii tho smoke at'the blast cleared
away it wn found that live had been
killed, Ps follows: George Hendly,
Samnuel Culls, Thomas Emery, Joseph
Falls and Eugene Moore. Twelve
others were more or less wounded but
only three very seriously.
THEY MADE IT WARM FOR HIM.
Tho Tough Experience ot n Clol0unutl
C'r (-eoruila iude.
Atlanta Journal.
The Journal has already published
'he fact, that Western men are laying
clim to large tracts of land in Cam
den County, and had gone there to lo
cate their property.
Mr. Peck, one of the claimants, has
returned from his jaunt. He was
seen by a Brunswick Times reporter
last night, and tho old gentleman was
looking exceedingly wan and pale;
When questioned abon.t his trip to
Camden, Mr. Peck said:
"Oh, never let me- hear the name of
Camden again. I feel as if I had es
caped a most horrible death and if- I
live to board the train tonight and
ride safely out of Southern Georgia I
shah feel exceedingly thankful and
greatly relieved."
"Why, did you have a tough experi
ence in Camden?" questioned the re
porter.
"Tough doumn't express it. Wfby
man, if I had even intimated that I
had come to claim my land those peo
ple would have cut me up and fed me
to the hogs. Yon don't know how -
bitter they feel against anybody who
visits the county with even the shad
ow of a claim. They have been trou
bled so much they suspect strangers
tirst time they lay eyes on them."
thi, at did they do to you when you
or."
went 0 it was like this: Mr. Brown
"Wel ached Camden about noon
and I i ay. In the meantime I show
last Mon vn my claims to about
e(d Mr. Bro the County, and I told
58,900 acres in 'ma to pint out these
him I expected ha ' t em. We took'
lands and resurvey .- ~1 sub,tantial
dinner with a good okf'.,.3
farmer, and induced him to go. aloing
with us. Pretty soon he discovered
what we were up to and the old fel
low got too wvrathy to see. He imme
dliately left us and carr'ied the news to
several neighbhors, and in less time
than an hour Mr. Brown and I were
surrounded by,at least a half dozen
citizens, and one of .them" wanted to
knowv who I was and what I had come
for.
"I gave him my name andl told him
I had merely come to find some land,
which I owned in tihe county, anml
that I intended to sell my claim as
soon as a survey could lhe made. No
sooner did I finish making this expla
nation than the spokesman for the
crowd( cried out: 'Th at's a brother to
01(d Primnrose, who came here about
forty years ago to cheat us out of house
and home.' I insisted that they were
mistaken and that I intended them no
harm. At that juncture the crowd
drew oil to one side and held a whis
pered consultation. Pretty soon
they camne back and told me it wasn't
healthy for me in Camden and advised
me to take the nearest route out of the
County limits.
"And you took their advice?"
"WVell, I thought they meant .ever.y
word( of it, andI I made haste to
take the first boat for Brunswick. I
tell you, it won't (10 to fool with these
Camdien County p)eop)le. I wouldn't
go l-ack there for half the County."
"What became of Mr. Brown, the
surveyor?"
"lHe was in jeopardy whent I last
saw him. They thought he was in
league with mec to diefraud them, and I ---
wouldn't be at all suirpris~ed if he pays
the penalty with his neck.')~
Oni.uum.ovrn, Jan. 26.-Monday even
ing, .John Hlowie was killed in a~ rathle
peculiar mannmer in Ce i ius countiy,
near Harrisburg Oscar Galloway aind
White Pharr were quarreling and Howiem
w'is sttading near mby. Omaloway jerked
a p)istol. fromi his pocket(, Inltenid ig 1o
kill Pharr buta lhe enught hold1( of it. Thle
pistol, however, wvas ihschia rgedc( and the
ball struck Homwie. He died in a few
minutes. Bot h (Ialloway and Pharr
then too'k to their hl, and have not
been seen since. All are colored.
iFaltal l%otl.-r Explosionm.
SCRANTON, Pa,, Jan. 22 e-TIhe en- I
gines and boiler houses of the Mount
Jessup Coal Company, were blown to
pieces this morning b)y t he oxnlosion
of our of the boilers. Firememi Mun.
Ie.v, of Azrchibalud,was instantly kilIld,
and several German )aborers y 'll
injuired. The b)uildli4gs caught frerA
and were totally destroyed.ic