大学英语四级新题型考试模拟试题二

Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic:? AidEducation in China. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given in Chinese below:
1. 每年，高校许多大学生受到鼓舞去贫困地区支教。
2. 支教活动的意义。
3. 我的看法。

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions.
For questions 1-7, mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Will We Run Out of Water?

Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.
Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral sea (咸海) in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate (provide water for ) farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding (使搁浅) ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.
Similar large--scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.
“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H.Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one--third of the world’s projected (预测的) 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages. WHERE WATER GOES
Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two--thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers (冰山) and ice caps （冰盖）. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation (rain or snow).
Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live. In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior(苏必利尔湖). And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic (水的) environment.”CLOSE? TO? HOME
Water woes(灾难) may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers (地下蓄水层)，layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.) Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish(补充) it. In northwest Texas, for example, overpumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.
Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium (隐孢子虫)，a microbe (微生物) that causes fever, diarrhea (腹泻) and? vomiting.THE? SOURCE
Where so contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw (未经处理的) sewage(污水) into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne (饮水传染的) diseases.
In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products.Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (多氯化联二苯)，or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)
But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners (稀释剂) down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.
Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen--rich fertilizer that helps plants grow but that can wreak havoc (大破坏) on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.WHAT’S? THE? SOLUTION?
Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water--related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small--scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea.

“More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”

1. That the huge water projects have diverted the rivers causes the Aral Sea to shrink.
A、N
B、Y
C、NG
2. The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects does more good than harm.
A、N
B、Y
C、NG
3. The chief causes of water shortage are population growth and water pollution.
A、N
B、Y
C、NG
4. The problems Americans face concerning water are ground water shrinkage and tap water pollution.
A、N
B、Y
C、NG
5. According to the passage all water pollutants come from household waste.
A、N
B、Y
C、NG
6. The people living in the United States will not be faced with water shortages.
A、N
B、Y
C、NG
7. Water expert Gleick has come up with the best solution to water—related problems.
A、N
B、Y
C、NG
8.According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as
of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages. .
9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in
.
10. In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid
.

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.
11.A、The man hates to lend his tools to other people.
B、The man hasn’t finished working on the bookshelf.
C、The tools have already been returned to the woman.
D、The tools the man borrowed from the woman are missing.
12.A、Save time by using a computer.
B、Buy her own computer.
C、Borrow Martha’s computer.
D、Stay home and complete her paper.
13.A、He has been to Seattle many times.
B、He has chaired a lot of conferences.
C、He holds a high position in his company.
D、He lived in Seattle for many years.
14.A、Teacher and student.
B、Doctor and patient.
C、Manager and office worker.
D、Travel agent and customer.
15.A、She knows the guy who will give the lecture.
B、She thinks the lecture might be informative.
C、She wants to add something to her lecture.
D、She’ll finish her report this weekend.
16.A、An art museum.
B、A beautiful park.
C、A college campus.
D、An architectural exhibition.
17.A、The houses for sale are of poor quality.
B、The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy.
C、The housing developers provide free trips for potential buyers.
D、The man is unwilling to take a look at the houses for sale.
18.A、Talking about sports.
B、Writing up local news.
C、Reading newspapers.
D、Putting up advertisements.
19.A、The benefits of strong business competition.
B、A proposal to lower the cost of production.
C、Complaints about the expense of modernization.
D、Suggestions concerning new business strategies.
20.A、It cost much more than its worth.
B、It should be brought up-to-date.
C、It calls for immediate repairs.
D、It can still be used for a long time.
21.A、The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.
B、A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.
C、The entire staff should be retrained.
D、Better-educated employees should be promoted.
22.A、Their competitors have long been advertising on TV.
B、TV commercials are less expensive.
C、Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.
D、TV commercials attract more investments.
23.A、Searching for reference material.
B、Watching a film of the 1930s’.
C、Writing a course book.
D、Looking for a job in a movie studio.
24.A、It’s too broad to cope with.
B、It’s a bit outdated.
C、It’s controversial.
D、It’s of little practical value.
25.A、At the end of the online catalogue.
B、At the Reference Desk.
C、In The New York Times.
D、In the Reader’s Guide to Periodical Literature.

Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,
you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken
only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the
four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
26.
A、Synthetic fuel.
B、Solar energy.
C、Alcohol.
D、Electricity.
27.
A、Air traffic conditions.
B、Traffic jams on highways.
C、Road conditions.
D、New traffic rules.
28.
A、Go through a health check.
B、Take little luggage with them.
C、Arrive early for boarding.
D、Undergo security checks.

Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
29.
A、Beauty.
B、Loyalty.
C、Luck.
D、Durability.
30.
A、He wanted to follow the tradition of his country.
B、He believed that it symbolized an everlasting marriage.
C、It was through that a blood vessel in that finger led directly to the heart.
D、It was supposed that the diamond on that finger would bring good luck.
31.
A、The two people can learn about each other’s likes and dislikes.
B、The two people can have time to decide if they are a good match.
C、The two people can have time to shop for their new home.
D、The two people can earn enough money for their wedding.

Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
32.
A、Because there are no signs to direct them.
B、Because no tour guides are available.
C、Because all the buildings in the city look alike.
D、Because the university is everywhere in the city.
33.
A、They set their own exams.
B、They select their own students.
C、They award their own degrees.
D、They organize their own laboratory work.
34.
A、Most of them have a long history.
B、Many of them are specialized libraries.
C、They house more books than any other university library.
D、They each have a copy of every book published in Britain.
35.
A、Very few of them are engaged in research.
B、They were not awarded degree until 1948.
C、They have outnumbered male students.
D、They were not treated equally until 1881.

Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 t0 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks ,you can either use the exact words you hove just heard or write down the main points in your own words . Finally, when the passage is read for the third time ,you should check what you have written.

In the past few years, hundreds of magazine and newspaper stories have been written about Bill Gates and his company, the reason the Microsoft Company is exactly (36)
. It has made Bill Gates one of the richest men in the world. William Gates the third was born in 1955, in a western city of Seattle, Washington. He became(37)
in computers when he was 13 years old. When most young boys at his age were playing baseball or football, young Bill Gates was learning to write computer(38)
. These programs tell computers how to(39)
useful tasks.

Bill Gates(40)
Harvard University after high school. At Harvard, he began developing the computer language called(41)
. He began to think that the computer would someday become a(42)
tool that could be used in every office and home. Bill Gates returned to Seattle where he(43)
the Microsoft Company in 1975. It employed only three workers. Microsoft developed computer software for established American companies, like General Electric and Citibank. Soon,(44)
.In 1981, IBM began selling a personal computer that used Microsoft that used Microsoft products as part of its operating system. So do many other computer companies.

(45)
Windows makes it much easier to use a computer. Company officials say Microsoft has sold about 40,000,000 copies of the Windows program around the world. Microsoft does thousands of millions of dollars in business each year. It now has more than 16,000 workers in more than 48 countries.
(46)
.

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section ,there is a passage with ten blanks .You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of ch0ices given in a word bank following the passage .Read the passage through carefully before making your choices .Each choice in bank is identified by a letter .Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center .You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

If our society ever needed a reading renaissance（复兴）, it’s now. The National Endowment for the Arts released “Reading at Risk” last year, a study showing that adult reading (47)
have dropped 10 percentage points in the past decade, with the steepest drop among those 18 to 24. “Only one half of young people read a book of any kind in 2002. We set the bar almost on the ground. If you read one short story in a teen—ager magazine, that would have(48)
,” laments a director of research and analysis. He(49)
the loss of readers to the booming world of technology, which attracts would—be leisure readers to E—mail, IM chats, and video games and leaves them with no time to cope with a novel.

“These new forms of media undoubtedly have some benefits,” says Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad Is Good for You.Video games (50)
problem—solving skills; TV shows promote mental gymnastics by(51)
viewers to follow complex story lines. But books offer experience that can’t be gained from these other sources, from (52)
vocabulary to stretching the imagination. “If they’re not reading at all,” says Johnson, “that’s a huge problem.”

In fact, fewer kids are reading for pleasure. According to data (53)
last week from the National Center for Educational Statistic’s long—term trend assessment, the number of 17—year—olds who reported never or hardly ever reading for fun (54)
from 9 percent in 1984 to 19 percent in 2004. At the same time, the (55)
of 17—year—olds who read daily dropped from 31 to 22.

This slow but steady retreat from books has not yet taken a toll on reading ability. Scores for the nation’s youth have (56)
constant over the past two decades (with an encouraging upswing among 9—year—olds). But given the strong apparent correlation between pleasure reading and reading skills, this means poorly for the future.

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section .Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C),D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

Passage One
Question 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.

“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.

There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.

Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.

There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.

57. Which of the following statements best expresses the author’s view?
A、 The words people use can influence their behavior.
B、 Unpleasant words in sports are often used by foreign athletes.
C、Aggressive behavior in sports can have serious consequences.
D、Unfair judgments by referees will lead to violence on the sports field.
58. Harsh words are spoken during games because the players_______.
A、are too eager to win
B、treat their rivals as enemies
C、are usually short-tempered and easily offended
D、cannot afford to be polite in fierce competitions
59. What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves?
A、He angrily hit the referee with a ball.
B、He refused to continue the game.
C、He claimed that referee was unfair.
D、He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt.
60. According to the passage, players in a game may______.
A、kick the ball across the court with force
B、lie down on the ground as an act of protest
C、deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their way
D、keep on screaming and shouting throughout the game
61. The author hopes to have the current situation un sports improved by ________.
A、 regulating the relationship between players and referees
B、 calling on players to use clean language in the court
C、 raising the referee’s sense of responsibility
D、 changing the attitude of players on the sports field

Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based in the following passage.

In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent—controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.

Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low—paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.

Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.

Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.

62. What does President Bush think of tapping oil in ANWR?
A、 It will increase America’s energy consumption.
B、It will exhaust the nation’s oil reserves.
C、It will help reduce the nation’s oil imports.
D、It will help secure the future of ANWR.
63. We learn from the second paragraph that the American oil industry _________.
A、shows little interest tapping oil in ANWR
B、expect to stop oil imports from Saudi Arabia
C、tend to exaggerate America’s reliance on foreign oil
D、believes that drilling for ANWR will produce high yields
64. Those against oil drilling ANWR argue that ________.
A、 it will drain the oil reserves in the Alaskan region
B、 it can do little to solve U.S. energy problem
C、 it can cause serious damage to the environment
D、 it will not have much commercial value
65. What do the environmentalists mean by saying “Not so fast” (Line1, Psra.3)?
A、 Don’t be too optimistic.
B、Don’t expect fast returns.
C、The oil drilling should be delayed.
D、Oil exploitation takes a long time.
66. It can be learned from the passage that oil exploitation beneath ANWR’s frozen earth
________.
A、involves a lot of technological problems
B、remains a controversial issue
C、is expected to get under way soon
D、will enable the U.S. to be oil independent

Part V Cloze(15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage .For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages __67__ using foreign faculty(教师总称） __ 68 __ teaching positions have to be __69 __ , of course. It can be said that the foreign __70 __that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also __71 __ problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates __72 __ in the laboratory as a means of protection; __73 __ , what he needs is to be fitted__74 __ a highly organized university system quite different from __75 __ at home. He is faced in his daily work __76 __ differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students __77 __ a common ground in each other’s cultures, some __78 __ of what is already in the minds of American students is__79 __ for the foreign professor.

While helping him to __80 __ himself to his new environment, the university must also __81 __certain adjustments in order to __ 82 __full advantage of what the newcomer can __83 __. It isn’t always known how to make __84 __use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a__ 85__ where further study is called__86__ . The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.