Planetary combinations formed by non-luminaries, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, and Saturn in their own sign or in exaltation, occupying a cardinal house. Each of these nonluminaries forms the yoga singly, and each of them has a separate name and effect. Ruchaka yoga is formed by such a placement of Mars, Bhadra by Mercury, Hamsa by Jupiter, Malavya by Venus, and Sasa Yoga by Saturn.