By Siobhán O'GradySiobhán O'Grady is a staff writer at Foreign Policy. A two-time grant recipient from the International Women's Media Foundation, she has reported from South Sudan, Eastern Congo, and Sénégal, and has lived in Morocco and Cameroon.

Last year, when Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir visited Johannesburg for a regional summit, the International Criminal Court expected South Africa’s government to arrest him. After all, Bashir was indicted by the ICC in 2009 on charges he was responsible for genocide and other war crimes in Darfur, and as a member of the ICC treaty, it was up to South African officials to detain him.

But South Africa refused, saying it had promised immunity to all visiting heads of state. The move signaled the continent’s growing distrust of the international court, as leaders in many African nations feel the court unfairly targets Africans. Now, more than a year after the rebuff, South Africa has moved to leave the treaty that founded it.

A document presented to the United Nations on Oct. 19 says that “the Republic of South Africa has found that its obligations with respect to the peaceful resolution of conflicts at times are incompatible with the interpretation given by the International Criminal Court.” It is signed by South African Minister of International Relations and Cooperation Maite Nkoana Mashabana.

The South African Embassy in Washington did not immediately respond to a request for comment, but Justice Minister Michael Masutha confirmed to reporters in the capital of Pretoria that the country was pursuing plans to withdraw itself from the court.

The decision to withdraw immediately follows Burundi’s decision to do the same. Last week, Burundi, where civil unrest has forced hundreds of thousands to flee as refugees, became the first country in the world to withdraw from the treaty that founded the court in 1998. Its parliament voted overwhelmingly in favor of leaving and Burundian President Pierre Nkurunziza has since signed a decree to legalize the withdrawal, though the United Nations has reportedly not yet received confirmation of the departure. It takes one year from the date of receipt for the withdrawal to be official.

At the time, Burundian Ambassador to Washington Ernest Ndabashinze told FP that authorities were “very happy” to be leaving, and promised that other countries would follow.

Many believe that Kenya will be next, in large part because much of the disenchantment among African leaders comes from the ICC’s probe into President Uhuru Kenyatta’s role in post-election violence in 2007. The case has since collapsed, but the incident smeared Kenyatta’s reputation and prompted discussion among African leaders to consider leaving the court.

Burundi has its own reasons for wanting to leave: Earlier this year, ICC prosecutors began investigating the government’s alleged role in extrajudicial killings there.