Okay, I feel like a complete dork for asking this, but I'm over-analytical and second guessing myself, so here goes:

I know that during light, photosynthesis occurs, and carbon dioxide is used and oxygen is released; respiration also occurs in the dark, and oxygen is used by the plants and carbon dioxide is released.

Now, if leaves are placed in a dark chamber, I think that the amount of CO2 in the chamber would increase (following my logic above). Now, if instead the leaves were placed in a light chamber, I believe that the amount of CO2 would decrease. Is this correct??? I know that the rate of photosynthesis is generally higher during the day than the rate of respiration, so I didn't know if this would affect that at all??

Generally yes. That is why some books say that you should not have plants in your room. They produce Oxygen during the day but suck it up and flood you with CO2 at night.
HOWEVER, you must understand the methabolic rate of a plant. It is much slower than that of an animal. So, your plant will decrease the level of CO2 in the room if there is light only if the room is perfectly isolated and the plant is left there for quite a while
Regards,
Andrew