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Weekly Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1841), 1843-08-23

Weekly Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1841), 1843-08-23 page 1

ATE JOURNAL, VOLUME XXXIII. COLUMBUS, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 23, 1843. NUMBER 52. WEEKLY OHIO s PUBLWI1BU EVERY WEDNESDAY, BV '1IARI,K Ut OTT. Office corner of Hieli and Town Mrceli, Uulllei' Building. TERMS. Tunis Dollaks Tr assus, which may be .lnrhMr-ed by tho payment of Two Dollnrt nd I ihy Cents in ad. vanro. at lliu otlico. , , Tho Journal it ali piilili.licd daily during llio Miiion of IV Lep.lalum and llirico a week llio remainder of llio year, tor $!; and Ihrco lime. week, yearly, for g t. THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 17, 1843. Hllrklag w the Ten. Tho Statesman ii not very remarkable fnrticking to a text Discursiveness i ono of it pecuharquol-itics. In iu last it put forth an articlo hooded 'Gold," and run off immediately into a crimination of certain nrnceedinirs of the Convontion of Pennsylvania call ed for the purpose of amending the Constitution of that Stato; and especially, 01 mo vote 01 mr. win, now one of tho Whig candidate for Representative in this county. And what was it that Mr. Cwjm did, to desorvo condemnation before tho august tribunal of the Statesman ? You must indeed, Mr. Chom, have acted very naughtily, to bring down upon you tho denunciations of that choBto and mild critic i the man of triplo refined conscience, whose sublimated sensibilities compelled him to absquatulate in terrific dudgeon from a public assembly at the Citv Hall last wock.because a lecturer on a military subject had the temerity incidentally to express a doubt whether there is in existence a newspaper cu-itor, who, at the close of each day's lubor, can lay his hand upon his heart, and with truth ejaculate, " thank God, throughout this day I hove put forth nothing but truth" lint what was it Mr. CauM had done so reprehen sible in tho eyes of the Statesman, that ho is to be shunned as ono effected with leprosy ? Most damn' ing! monstrous! he voted, says tho Statesman, "that hank officers wore impartial Representatives of the pcoplo!" What, let us ask, wore tho facts of tho enso thus uiihercd boforo tlio public with such tounding notes of alarm by tho Statesman ? They are these. The pcoplo of Pennsylvania, oy uieir i-o. rislaturo. in 1SI7. nnsscd a law for the election of f'nnvnminn fur ainctidinir their Constitution, and as is usual in such cases, throw open tho doors of qualification to their utmost oxtcnt The great funda- mental tho organic law, affecting tho right, liberty and property of overy body, was abuut to bo changed, and tho DCunlo woro left at entire liberty to uiako such selections for that purposo as in their judgment was best calculated to bring into the Convention tho greatest amount of InlcnU and experience, with no other restrictions than that the delegates should have resided ono year in the county for which Uicy were chosen. Judges, Lawyers, officers of all descriptions, members of Congress, Preachers, fcditora 01 newspapers all were eligible. In tho oxcrciao of tins right tho pooplo proceeded to the election a Convention was elected tho body was organized and was proceeding harmonioualy to cxccnlo tho trust confided to it, when tho spirit of faction, long held in check, became impatient of control ; and forthwith a resolution was submitted, " that no membor of that Convention, who holds any bank stock shall bo deemed an impartial voter," &.C This resolution, intended to disfranchise a portion of tho members whom the people had chosen j and whose placos, if rejected, could not bo supplied, was negntivod j and it is fur voting against its adoption that Mr. CauH is assailed in the Statesman. And what if Uiat resolution had been sustained ? Would it not have been followed by otlicra in the aame spirit ? Was it to bo supposed that the matter would tlicro end ? It could not reasonably havo been no expected. All members who woro officers, and the tenure of whoso places might be affected by tho doings of tho Convontion all members of Turnpiko, Ilail Koad and Navigation companies all mombors of church or other corporations, Lawyers and Printers of newspapers, would havo next been incapacitated, and tho great object of llio pcoplo been thus frustrated. Is it indeed tho opinion of the Statesman that no holder of Dank stock can bo "an impartial voter" in a public body, and, consequently, unfit for any pub lic place? If that is indeed tho cose, how came it to doss that a Iiocufoco Legislature elected Bank Director for a Bank Commissioner ? And again, if it is so reprehensible to own stock in a Bank to possess money thorcin ready to bo loaned, is it not till more so to be a borrower, and thus bo accessory in drawing out and putting in circulation that which in Iocofoco parlance is denominated "worthless promises?" In that view of Iho cao, how stands tho Statesman? Has not its Editor had more to do in drawing out thoso "worthless promises," and putting them into circulation, than falls lo the hare of nincty-nino out of every hundred of the Whigs of the State ? We cannot say how it is now, but wo havo been credibly informed that but a short time ago, he was knocking, with all duo abasement, t llio door of " bank parlours," begging for stay of oxcciition ! ! ! We cannot but think tho Statesman peculiarly un fortunate and unhappy in thus bringing the auhject of Representative trust in connection with personal intorosU into discussion. If wo are rightly informed. its Editor in 1KI7 was a member of tlto Senato of Ohio, and during Ii is Icrm of eorvico tho orrica of Stato Printer was created ; anil, that after the pas-sago of dial art, (if not before) the said Editor took it into his head that he was llio only right and prop or man for the said nrricic I canvassed for, and finally obtained it: notwithstanding Ins oath lo sup port Iho Constitution, ouo articlo of which declares thai no Senator or Kopn'suntalivo shall, during tho term fur which he shall have been elected, bo ap pointed to any civil ernes, under tho State, which hall have been created, or iho emoluments of which hall have been increased during such term." But it may bo contended that this is not an m a. We, however, think that will not now avail. Tho act creating it declares it to bo an " nrnci and who so competent to juilgo whether it is an olfiro or not, as the Representative of tho sovereign people who enacted it? All reliance upon such a pitiful technical quibble is thus cut off. I lo canvassed fur, and accepted an officii which the Constitution do dared hun ineligible for and now turns round and denounces Mr. Cat', for voting that tho men whom the people of Pennsylvania cluae as Representative! to their Convention, were comiotent lo perform the high trust thus confided to them that the right of American citizens to represent and be represented, could not bo forfeited by reason of llio possession or non-possession, of any specie! of property: and this attack, oh shame I is made in the much abused name of DntocRAcr I Can the gentleman in tins matter put his hand upon his heart, and declare his consciousness of moral rectitude ? Or will ho, in order to conceal a countenance suffused with an inward conviction of error, again attempt to escape, by a ham show of indignant feelings? Taw Lata KlrclUw Ham-war. Tho last Cincinnati Gazette says Our neighbors have done badly. They have allowed themselves to bo beaten when, with any thing like union of action, they might havo swept the Slate. But complaint! areuselem: the Whigs are beaten in Kontucky, so far as Congress is concorncd. Th! following is tho result! Wnioa, John White, Garrett Davis, Willis Green, W. P. Thomaason, and Grider 5. Dknocrats. J. W. Tibbatta, Judge French, L. Boyd, Stone and Caldwell O. Illinois. Tin news from this State is that the Iicos hava carried fiv of the six mcinbtrs of Con gress. laniAHA. The Whigs havo lost Uie Governor and Lieut. Governor, by what vote is not known. Three of the ten member! of Congress are Whigs certain 1 and the complexion of Un Legislature is doubtful. Trs-nut.-Tin Nashville Whig says: Th! returns from tho late election, in an unuOicial form, are complete. The result, in brief, is a Whig Governor by a majority of upwards of 4000, and a Whig Legislature by a majority of 8 on joint ballot, three in tho Senato, and five in the House of Roprcne.nU- tivcs. For members of Congress, tho following is tho re sult wino. loco roco. A. Johnson in 1st Dis. J. W. Ulackwel! in 3d. A. Cullom in 4lh. G. W. Jones in 5th. A. V. Urown in O'th. C. Johnson, in Uth. W. T. Senior in 2d Dia. D. W. Dickinson in 7th. J. H. Peyton in 8th. J. B. Ashe in lOlh. M. Brown in Dili. Although tho Whig candidate in tho Third Dis trict, Mr. T. J. Campbell, was defeated, tho Whig majority for Governor in tho District is 070. Tho Nashville Whig In announcing the result, has the following remarks Were it possible for language to express the feel ings with which we hail this great and signal result, we have no disposition to indulge a mere spirit of triumph, oithor to gratify our political friends or to wound tho feelings of our political opponents. If we know ourselves, it is the success of our cause, and not the disappointment of tho opposite party, that affords us joy on this glorious occasion. Wo look to tho ascendancy uf Whig principles and the tried popularity of tho acknowledged champion and impersonation ot those principles, in lenncascc, aa the true sourco of the pleusure with which wo first heard tho noto ol victory on tnoniginot mursday week, and now realize its full fruition in the election of a Whig Govornor and Whig Legislature. Wo had a nirht to look tor success in J ennossco. Twice before, in tho contests that immediately pro-ceded the present, had the Stato proclaimed her at tachment to Whig principles. And yet in tlio oo-ginning of tho ennvoss just closed, thore was much reason to apprehend that the opposite party, always vigilant, and in this contest, inspirited by a scries of triumphs in other States, might, by superior exertion and tho hope of success, effect a temKirary revolution in the politics of the State. Nothing that could be done, in tho direction and management of the campaign, by tho leaders of tho party, wus left undone, and it all failed to accomplish tho desired purposo, it was not tho fault of rank or file. Every man was at his post, and a lurgely increased Demo-cralic vole attests the tact anil diligence with which tho wholo strength of the party was brought out. They were defeiitcd by tho superiority of numbers alone. Tho Whigs, to bo sure, manifested a corresponding activity, for which they aro entitled, and doubtless receive, the plaudits of their political brethren throughout tho Union; they fought a good fight, and met tho oposition, in the field of argument, at every point. Union, concert and organization marked, in a more eminent degreo than we had ever boforo witnessed iu Iho Whig ranks, the progress of the canvass. Our friends throughout Iho Slate, to their lasting honor be it said, seemed to feel and nn. preciato tho importance of success at this peculiar risis, and a fixed determination u secure that gieat object, whs cvcryA-hcro manifest. Hut all theso would havo nvnilcd us nothing, hail not truth anil principle, and tho freo and unlmuirht sentiments of an holiest umjority, from first to last, been nrrnyed on our side. Tho Pcoplo were with us. More than 00,000 of the freemen of Tennessee had, on a pro. vious occasion, mado known their prelercnco lor Whig men and Whig measures, and although foiled by treachery in high places, and, for the time, left by their brethren in other Stales to fight against fearful odds, they havo again asserted tho samo sentiments. So that note even tho candid of their opponents aro willing to conccdo that Tennessee Is a Wing suite North t'arolinn selection. Tho Raleigh Ilcgistor of tho 11th, furnishes the following returns, from which it will be seen that the Whigs havo elected four members of Congress, and llio Locofocos Hurt, while two Districts, tlio Third and Eighth, remain in doubt. In tho first District James Graham, tho old mom- ber, and Thumos I Gingham, are tho candidates both sterling Whigs but it is not known which of them has succeeded. In tho Second District, Daniel M. Barringcr, (W.) is elected over Craigo, the (L. F.) candidate majority :)77. Third District In doubt Fourth District Edmund Debcrry ( W.) is oloclnd over Mendenhall, also Whig. In tho Fifth District, Romulus Saunders (L. F.) has been elected by 121 majority. James McKay, (U F.) has been elected in tho Sixth District, over his Whig opponent, Leach. The voto in tho Seventh Districlstood for Daniel (I. F.) 20."4 ; for Nash (W.) l5-majority 1.71. Iho returns from the Ninth District, Uiough im perfect, render it quite certain that Rayner, ( W.) has been elected by at least 800 majority. Wk. Purs the Umit Every man in the community well knows that one of tlio arguments in relation lo tho tariff which the Locofocos rely iion as Iho strongest, is that tlio "con sumer piys the duty," and consequently that a duly is just m much additional tax. Upon this principle they claim that tho price of any articlo is increased just llio amount of tho duty. I lenco the cry of "rub bing the poor for tlio beuctit of tlio rich." Now let us apply this argument Tlio lato tirifT law provides thai on all maiiufactiiros of cotton, or of which cotton shall ba a component part, not otliorwise specified, a duty of thirty per cent ad valorem shall be levied, provided that all manufactures of cotton, or of which cotton ahill be a component part, dyed, colored, printed, or stained, in wholo or in part, not exceeding in valuo thirty cents per square yard, shall bo valued at thirty cents per sq'iaro yard, ex cepting velvets, Lc. Cheap calico, therefore, not rrrrrifiu in value thirty cents per square yard, must, under Ibis provision, ho valued at thirty conts por square yard i and llio duty upon it at thirty per cent would, of course, bo niitr anil. Now every sensiblo man knows that ho can buy a good articlo of calico for One hillinf per yarn lMurl Iba ilut) Ifolucl Mrrrhani'a profit, my,, Dr-Uurl Whirinte MffThnnt' pfufii, tay 1 Imvinf for lh M.uitifriiirf prni prryanl. In the duty added to tho prion of tlio article ? If o, take off the duly, and a minufacturer cm mako a giMHl article uf calico for one rrni por yard. How utterly futile does tint fact render tho argument tlint the Voiimimer pay tho duty ?w or lint tho price of an Article m enhanced ju.it the amount of duty ? Novr hiff render, take Una fuct, and tho (.rat tocofoco you hear hrewlinff that tho "consumer ptya tho duty" poke it undor hit mo, and our word for it, he'll "auiMuatulate. Tit lag Ik lars The Locofneitf talk uf tho Tariff aa a tux upon tho poor nun. Now tt ii well known that tlto largo proportion uf revonuo ii mixed from tho more ox-pentivo (foods, audi a lliieclotli, cambric, uiunlins gauio and laco, kid glove., diamond breant pin, coin (tut, &, Tlioie are tho article, and who buy thorn? Who but the rich ruboli, or dtndy ? Why mieh a fellow aa Woodnido, our lato Charge d'Af- fairna to Denmark will buy mure inch stuff in a month than all tho Pour men in the country would buy in a lifetime-1 and that's tho kind of fellow that tlio Wliijf want should pny the cxones uf the Gov ernment. Mr. Htnto I'riiUor ami that right? Drlnwnrc Willi l-'nriorT. On a lato excursion to the Delaware Springs, we woro much gratified to witness a specimen uf the enterprise of our countrymen, and the march of the manufacturing spirit in Ohio, Messrs, Wrlls 6V Co, of Delaware, are putting in operation a silk fir lory, calculated to manufacture from tho cocoons, almost overy description of silk ami satin goods. The machinery, as we wrro informed, is constructed on a new and improved plan, under Uio superintendence of Mr. John J. Wilson, who, it worns, is a practical and accomplished silk manufacturer from Micclvsfield, England. The machinery at present consists of a twiiter and throwing mill, runningseventy-four spindle, on which to prepare Uie warp end filling, or organziiw and tram as it is called by silk weavers ; also, a winding and doubling engine, running fifty-six spindles and swifta; two looms; a warping mill ; several reels ; whcola, flic, etc., all kept in operation at ono time by horso power. Mr. Wilson and his family ore now making some thirty pounds of sowing silk of all colors, which, in our judgment, is hard to beat by tho imported article.As soon aa the now crop of cocoons comes in, they are prepared to manufacture dress silks, handkerchiefs, vestings, satins, velvets, die. Thoso who havo cocoons to sell will do well to take thorn to Delaware, whore they will be paid from 3 to $1 per bushol, or manufacture on tho share. The proprietors of this establishment aro deserving the pntronago and support of tho community for tlioir enterprizo in establishing this now brunch of manufacture ; and it should be the pndo of every American son and daughter to wear a silk dress, vest, or garment, manufactured in our own Stato from the mulberry trocs of our own soil. M. Ttilrlcnnlh Dinlrlct. Tho Locofocoos havo nominated Dr. S. A. Barker, a most radical hard money and anti-tariff man. The Ohio Whig Standard, remarking upon this nomina tion and other proceedings of tho Convention, says : Peoplo of Morgan, the Rubicon is passed. A band of hard money demagogues have resolved that you shnll declare ogainst a TARIFF and AGAINST ALL BANKS!!! Tho candidates stand committed unconditionally tho Resolve was deliberately form ed and forced through tho Convontion, to oppose tho establishment ot Hanks, except under the provisions of tho present Blinking Law! This, every man knows, is nothing more or less than a declara tion against all Banks, as some of thoso voted for it in the last Legislature, acknowledged that no Banks would bo established under it Not a single application has been made for a charter under it; not a Dank tins gone into operation, notwithstanding the great boasts that were madoef numerous applications to tho Inst Legislature. Dr. Barker standB lorth as tho champion ot tho hard money frction in this I) strict. Tlio tariff, too, under tho operations of which all kinds of goods have been reduced in price to tho consumer, and specie has como into tho country by Milliontt, vuu arc called upon to aid i puttinir tluwn, by vpling for 8. A. Barker! Th Homo Market it is building up you are called upon to pull down, tlint foreigners may tlnod our country witli tho product nf pauper labor, while their ports nro closed auinit American produce! The Euro pean against tlio American standard, in prices and wages, chooHo ye now. From iho Hiciiticn villa Herald, Error Corrected Wo norceivc, in the Ohio tiiatottmnn, nn nrticlo copied from the Chillicothe Advcrtii.r,(an anti-bunk or hard-monoy paper,) headed Men, Parties, and Hank Kelorin in Uliio" in wtncli the said Advent' scr professes to give "from tho Journals of tho Legis lature, tho volcti ot men and parties i it that boily. 'on iho ni'Mt important ouchIiouh of bank reform du "ring the last two years, with such comments as may "bo necessary to a correct understanding of tho of- "tect ot cacli vote. Unilor tins tormiiluble caption, tho Advertiser proceeds with its statements and a- inong others, makes tlio following: Having thus (nays tho Advertiser,) in von eomo of tho morit important vote which occurred during toe session commenced on tho otii ot Ucccni-her, .Ml, we now proceed to tho loading votes during the succeeding and last H-?iun, which commenced on tho 5th December, lHI'i. The first of thoio votes wits given on tho follow-2 stato of facts : Tho Farmers' and Mechanics' Uank of Stcuhenville had, it seems, borrowed, or had on denosite, tho surplus revenue hcluuirinir to the county of Jefferson, which it refused to pay over; and as a bill was pending to rcciiarter llio bank. amendment was moved, that the bank n Hon Id, before it took tho benefit of the act, pay over tho money to the County Commissioners; and thereupon the Whigs and bankers took their stand against Uie amendment, mid in favor of irtvinir the hank a renowal of its charter, whilst it still rufused to piy over the money bolongmg to tho people. I his appears from the fol lowing entry in tlio bennc Journal ot tlio loth ot December, 4'2, at page (12: HMr. Mitchell ollered tho following amendment by wny of ryder, to tins bill, to come iu as an additional section: i Sec. It That tho Farmers1 and Mechanics' Bank i of Steubenville shall pay over to the Fund Commis sioners of Jetforson County, tho amount of tho sur plus re veil uo belonging to said county, before they avail themselves of the benefits arising from this act k i ho question occunng on agreeing to this amend ment. lr. Mitchol demanded tho yeas and nnya which being ordered, were yeas 11. nays 11, as follows, to wit: eas Messrs. Aten, Hutley, trankhn, Harris, ll'ir.oltine, Johnson, Jones, Koch, lihrn, Loudon, Miller, Mitchell, McConnell, McCutchen, Kite In -y, Uobbins, Walton, Walcottand Mpeakor 11). All Democrats.! Nats Messrs. Birnetc. Clarko, Denny, Ford, Henderson, Jarkson, Lithnn, Nowton, Nash, Ridg-way, Stanton, Updegralf, Van Vorhes, and Wado - 11. All Whigs except Lamam. 1 Now wo aik the reader to noto the comment which tho editor makes, for tho purposo of imparting, as ho says, a correct understandinif of tho e liect of each voto The Fannors and Mechanics' 11 ink of ttteubouvillo,had, it suoms,(say iho Advertiser) bur- rowed, or had on prpoiit, tho surplus re venue bo- longing to tho county of Jefferson, which it refused to pav over, tVc" Now tho fact is that tho Farmer's and Mechanics' Hank of Steuhenvillo had neither borrowed" nor on deposit" a dollar of tho surplus revenue. Home yrar previously to tlio expiration if tho charter of said bank, the I'und Commisnioncrs if Jefferson county invested IN STOCK in tho cap ital of tho bank, the surplus revonuo belonging to Uie county. It wis this fund, thus invented in stock that Mr. Mitchell's amendment had reference to. It is true, tho amendment is so clumsily and hlindly constructed, M to givo some countenance to tho im-prrssi m set forth by tho Advertiser but had the editor paid attention to the course of this milter in tlto House o it epreseuts lives, and tlio anio explanation mado by our repcsentative, iudgo Dike, and which caused its rejection in that body, ho would havo been undeceived. Tho House, being satisfied of tlio fraudulent nature, as regarded olhor stockholders, of tho amendment, relWdevon to submit it to the bank. Although tho Directors nf tho Bank then believed, and still believe, that tho stock will finally be paid hack to tho stockholders, at par, (fort? per cent, having already been divided,) 110 Inmost man cannerceivoany icmiiii why ono pirtner in tho ltwti- tuiiou, should receive his amount, in foil, in money. whil-U the remaining partners uiuxt await it winding up, wtui all tuo unccrtmniien mereto attaciicd. All tho outcry, therefore, of tho Advertiser, becauso as it sy, the bank 'refused to pay over the money holoninng to the itoople," fills to iho ground. Wo do nut know tint wo should havo noticed the publi cation, had it been confined to obscure a inner as iho Advertiser but its having been copied into tho columns ol a louruil ol such wide circulation tho Ohio Ktitesmin, seemed to render somo notico of it necessary. Hhould this meot tho oyo of the Kditorof tho Statesman, ho will, we presume, tnke pleasure in correi tiiiLr iho emir which he has, inad vertently ot course, neeu uio means 01 circulating, and to tho minry ol an institmion winch numburs among its slockholdent many ol his political frionds, Hun itor Mitchell confessed to tho Senate, last winter, tint ho wtsamomher of tho Hard of Com missioners which imdo tho investment but, as i hi so il was n t his own, ho apologised for hinnelf, upon tho ground tint it wis not then disreputable for a Dem ocrat to dotl with II inks, and duty prompted lo the invostment, as the il and most profitablo to tlio counly !0. 6. JuHrnuL 1pua. -H is a remark Fib lo fact, that tho farmers in Mfyeight counties in Indiana, can transport their Crnductiont from their own doors by water, in Hat oats to market Sixteen aro bounded or intersected by the Wnbv-h ten by tho north branch of White river, twenty by tho south and its forks fourteen by the Ohio and its tributaries five by bake Michi iran and Sl Josrmh's, and others by other branches and creeks, from all parts of too State, farmers and mechanics ran preparn their freight, and in tho winter season float oil to Now Orleans or other mar kola, and return in season fur another year's labor. - fndiiinti Muni. Tho Globe says "If intimations aro to bo believ ed, the Post-Ollice at ll'Mton may be restored to Mr. Nathaniel Greene." The Washington correspon dent of the Aurora hiro replies, "that Uicro is not one word ot truth in these intimations. Tho following paragraph, which we cut from the New Orleans Bulletin, gives an extended view of the spread of manufacturing establishments over the "Great West:" Domralie manufacture. Tho fliiorfrestion that tho upper parts of the Mis sissippi Valley will in a few years be the chief seat of American Manufactures, is undoubtedly well founded. Already labor and capital to a large a-mount are deployed in manufactures of various sorts in the West In Western rennsylvania, the upper part of "Western Viroinia, and in tho Eastern part of Ohio, manufactures of cotton, wool, silk, paper, wooden and stoneware, &c. &c, abound. Within a circuit of twenty miles from Mt Pleasant, Ohio, there are probably two hundred manufacturing establishments of different sorts, and constantly increasing. At Cuyahoga Falls, 11 little village near Akron, Ohio are somo eight or ten immense paper mills, as well as other manufactures known to the country are carried on. Cotton yarns and cotton and woollen fabrics of different descriptions are made; there are 1 nan 11 factories of machine cards, oil mills, paper mills, and several of the largest and most admirably arranged flouring mills, we venture to say in the world. Steubenville, in Ohio, has for several years, been famous for the manufacture of jeans and other woollen and worsted goods. Zancsvilie is also a manufacturing town, and Dayton, in the Western port of the Stato, carries on a great variety of manufactures. At Cincinnati also and at Covington and Louisville, Ky. manufactures form a large and increasing business, and in some towns in Indiana, also nre considerable manufacturing establishments. The manufacturing interest in the West, as well as at the North, received a great impetus from tho passage of the present tariff law and from the general revivul of business which fullowed that measure. Steam and water powor are both used in tho West Many parts of tho Ohio Valley abound with "water privileges," as they aro termed, the streams which empty into the Ohio generally being broken by the rapids and cascades. Tho canals, also, in Pennsylvania and Ohio, furnish an immense water power, not near all of which is yet occupied. Other parts of the Valley abound in coal and all parts in wood, of no uso but for combustion, so that steam power is cheap. The manufacturing and mechanical pursuits of tho magnificent Valley, as well as its agriculture, must therefore rapidly increase in extent, variety and importance, unless checked hy untoward legislation or some other causes.But it is not to tho Ohio valley that the manufactures of the West are to be confined. Already, indeed, on the upper Mississippi there are lurire flour ing mills, and we expect not many years to clupso till tho Yankee transplants thither his cotton and woollen factories and the various contrivances for turning out "notions" which are so numerous in that busy country called Yankee land. On the hitrh rol ling prairies of Uie north west, sheep are raised to very great advantage, and provisions being so abundant and cheap it will bo presently found better to bring tho factories to tho wool and food, than to tako iho wool and tho food to tho factories. On Hock river and on tho upper part of the Des Moines, and perhaps at the Des Moines rapids of the Mississippi, there will probably be large manufacturing towns. Indeed, it may not bo anticipating too much to expect large flouring mills and woollen manufactories even al the Fa Is of Su Anthony. Wool tid lh Tnrlll. Tho free trade men havo affected great concern for tho wool-growing farmers of our country, ever since the passage of the present tariff act by a Whig Congress; and they have told the farmers in question that their interests had been sacrificed in and by that tariff, for tho exclusive bonelit of tho manufacturers. Though tho fallacy of this statement on the part of the free trade men has been otlen pointed out by showing that Uio tariff does 111 fact provide the American wool -grower with an efficient protection of y cents per pound, and 30 per cent ad valorem, on imported wool of the qualities that compete with our nomo grown wool, making the whole protection on such wool more than 40 per cent, in all : and though it is well known that our wool-growers arc doing well under this ttirilf-yct the following facts arc so directly in point, they will be read with satisfaction, as placing the case in an authentic form. 1 ho lion. W. Slade, of Vermont, has rocently ap plied to the office of Register of tho Treasury for Iho returns of wool imported during tho first half of the present fiscal year, which commenced one month after tho Tariff went into operation. The answer is published 111 Uio Middle bury 1'cople's Tress. It is as follows : Wool cosinijr 7 ru. or undvr (111.8 I. do. over 7 ru ll.'i.ltiJ Which bvillir ttoiltilt.nl for lliu fiilirii year. Will ilnml a Ail- Wool coning 7 cts. nr under...! Do. do, uvvr 7 n.... l.Tfli.T'W . 4oi,un Tolnl -iM-l.tM Nnw mint. rt it litis with llitr itniMirt.il nm nf llif war l'ikIiii pitr miter ;), wliirh were tu lullow: Wool ruling H Ml or undvr lOW.WB D. do. over U ct 1 7dlli4 Tumi From which dwlurl , iUll.MrO Diminution of wool ini)Hirtrd ihtt yent l,nt,l-i Hero is tho plain and satisfactory reason why American wool has advanced to about a fair price, so as to remunerate the skilful wool-grower. This business is fast becoming a very important branch :t rural industry, and woll deserven the protection it receives from a judicious Whig Tariff. Wo have no doubt but tho amount nf wool grown in the United States this year is 25 por cent larger Uian the whoioclipot iriu. l'roltwiiai II 11 lira. The Now York American has a pithy article from a correspondent on Uiis subject, from w hich we take tho following facts. Referring Iu tho advocates of tree trade, he says: One of (heir favorite dogmas is, that tho duty is a tax to its full extent upon consumption as a commentary since tho imposition of 20 and .'10 per cent, duties in August, IHll,and September, r42, upon I .mens, miks, and Worsteds, tho prices ot those goods havo not advanced one mill. Woollen Cassi-mercs have fallen nearly one-half since the increased duty in 1812. So or Iron, tho price has declined materially. Another of Uie cardinal points uf tho free trade thoory is, " if you havo a tariff which limits imports, other iiations ran buy noUung from you." The recent paper presented to the British Parliament upon tho trade Hut ween Kngland and the United States, is an apt commentary 11 Mm this humbiiir. It is stated in that paper that the exports to the United States in lrM"4 were xrijv&WJ or f l..,uyr., m. 1 he imports from Uio United States wcro, of cot ton, 41 l.U 10,7711 lbs., which at It rents, would bo M,II,M7 74 ; of tobacco, uV,til8,OI2 Ibs tho tin t if on which, if entered fr consumption, would be X2.7i:,;t41 II, or 5-10,1". I,7M 45; mora than Iho entire exports to tho United States, and at least 10,-000,000 more than Uie immji on the trhoc imports into tho United Suites in tho samo year. llrilUh Pnrlr. As this term has ben frequently bandied by tho locos, and applied to tho whins, it may bo well to ex- amino who uro bent enttted to Uio epithet. It will bo taken for era 11 toil, that a llntish party in this coun try must be ono (hat favors tht vitrrrsts of (imif tinimn. wo win then run uie parallel: hugland is (Ustatixfitd and oimwI to tho American Tariff tho locofc aro alsori.MiJi.tirfand otiimsritothe same tnr- itV and the wings are the n.rormVi nf this tariff, which the Hritish aro opmwed to. II ko then are the Hhitihh Pastt? Tho British Commercial Agents and Merchants in this country cry out for a repeal of iho American Tarilf. The loco lenders also call out for a repeal of this tarill. Senator Tappnn(lant summer) proclaimed tlint in less than 18 months, their (his) party would repeal this tariff law. Ono 0f the fourth ward Kegnicy said that thore ought nut to bo yard of cloth manufactured in this country. Who then aro tho British Party? PKOTKCTION. The Ohio Statesman estimates Uie suiplus amount ot wheat mis en in inai mato uie present year, atlei suppling their own wmits, at firrnty million trf' bushels ! Krrhanfff Miter, The Ohio Statesman is prohnhly right: but who will there bo to buy that wheat, if the manufacturers do not flourish and prosper? It will not bo very easy In force our foreign market for Ohio Flour, up from ;i(l,(KH) to 4,000,000 barrels, Wheeling 7Wi. Misst'sirri KcoTtnMT. Tho Vickidmrgh Whig, of tho 22d ult saytj u In the auditor's report wc find that tho Stato has paid out for the lands bought in or taxes for advertising, ii,Hl7 W;for making deeds, l;U.. total, f,l7 IR. The taxes on this properly, probably amounted to some eight or ten thousand dollars, which should have been paid intothn treasury, instead of which, sho has paid out $iyi4 IK. Lrttcr from Mr. Clay, We thank our neiirhbors of the ?IgricuUurit for having called forth tho following valuable letter. It expresses, in a condensed form, the views of public policy in regard to tho great interests of tho country to the maintenance and d illusion of which so many of tho illustrious orator's greatest speeches have been devoted. It breathes also tno spirit 01 enlightened benevolence, and comprehensive patriotism which distinguish his private and public character. Ntuhvitlt lianner. AsiiLAwn, August, 1H4J. To the Publishers of the Tenn. State Jigriadturist Gentlemen: I duly received your letter re questing my present views as to the station that Uie Mechanical portion of our population should occupy in the United States, and also as to the subject of 1 Home industry and Manufactures. Although 1 nave often had occasion publicly to express my opinions on these matters, I tako pleasuro in communicating them to you. It Iiuh always appeared to me, Gentlemen, that Uie task of administering our common government would not be very difficult, if honesty, liberality, and reasonable information were carried into the public councils. It was instituted to promoto the general prosperity, by a faithful exercise of Uio powerB grunted by tho Constitution. AH parts of the Union, and all tho great interests of the country should, therefore, receive Uie parental care and attention of I the uovcrnmenL INo one section, and no one interest should desire or expect to engross its exclusive regard. The n main pillars of Society aro Agriculture, Com merce, including Navigation, and Manufactures, in cluding the Mechanic Arts. Owing to the peculiar position of the United States, Agriculture requires but little protection, and that confined to few branches of it It is otherwise with the other two interests. They rcnuiro somo protection against Uie selfish legislation and tho rivalry of Foreign powers, which, to make it beneficial and effectual, should possess two dualities, moderation and stability, intimately connected with each other. Without moderation, othor interests would feel Uiat Uiey had been un justly dealt by, dissatisfaction would ensue, and that stability in legislation, so desirable in an ousiness and pursuits, would not be served. Protection to Manufactures and Commerce is in fact, whatever it may be in form, encouragement to Agriculture. A ho cultivator of the sou is conscious of the great advantage of having along sido of him the Blacksmith, the Wheelwriiht, the Saddler and Uurness maker, the Shoo maker, the Lao mot maker, and Masons and Carpenters. His comforts and theirs are both increased by such proximity, and they are enabled to augment their respective productions. lint ot what avail would it be to multiply uicm, ithout Commerce foreign and domestic, whose of- co is to distribute tho surplus produce ot Agricul-uro and of the fabrics of Uie Mechanic and Manu facturer ? I am so far a friend to freo trade as to think Uiat, within the limits of Uie Union, it should be entirely unfettered, and perfectly equal between all interests and all parts of our country. But to that free trade, which would throw wide open our ports to Foreign productions, without duties, theirs remaining closed to us or our admission allowed only lijmn tho con-1 union ot high duties and severe restriction; which would compel a resort to direct taxation, instead of the Custom-house, to supply tho wants of the Federal Treasury ; and which would leave our domestic industry unprotected, and exposed in an unequal contest with tho rival productions of Foreign pow-ars, I am utterly and irreconcilably opposed. I had hoK?iJ, and supposed, that all would havo cheerfully rallied around a Tarilf which, seeking to supply Uio Treasury with an adequate revenue, for an honest and economical administration of the Government, hoiilil, at tho same time, incidentally, by proper dis- rinnniition, extend reasonable protection to such ranches of our domestic industry as needed it That is all which is now asked or insisted upon. But even that moderate and equitable basis, for Uie final settlement of this great and vexed question, encounters strong and decided opposition. The Mechanic Arts, irom the commencement ot tho opeiation ot our present Constitution, has constantly enjoyed somo degree of protection from Government in the form of duties imposed on fab rics of foreign Mechanics ; and I think it ought to bo continued. With respect to the station which that portion of 1 our population engaged in Mechanical pursuits ought to occupy in the United States, 1 think that all Citizens, native and naturalized, without any regard to their respective vocations, should enjoy iuch con sideration in society, as is duo their virtue and intelligence, their industry, sobriety and general de portment With cordial acknowledgment, Gentlemen, for tho sentiments of esteem and confidence which you have dono me the honor to express towards me, 1 am your friend and obedient servant, II. CLAY. Mossrs, CAMF.no & Fall. Vr Pfnnirtrnnla! When rogues fall out, honest men aro made Uio wmer. 1 ho Democracy of this slate is nnw undergoing a nice analytical process. Disscnlion brings strange Unrigs to light Tho Whigs who have hith erto only been able to express their certainty of the gross corruption perpetrated in this Stato under Uie misused title ul democracy, now find all their state ments corroborated in tho "secret history which Uieso family quarrels develop. The conjoined for ces ol rortensin and 1 vlerism, arc busy in showing up the character ot their quondam allies; and Uieso asl are not slow in retort Both parties havo so ma- ny weak points in their armour, that Uie spectator, in- iL'ntuu at the wrongs they did in the days ol their ciiiruo, sees them all well expiated by tho wounds they now inflict on each oUier. Will the people learn experience by tins? We are sure they will! They havo listened to the voice it demagogues till they wore betrayed. 1 heir mis fortunes will teach Uicm caution. A case in point is afforded in some pleasant re criminations now being exchanged between two lute leaden of the pure, honest, and patriotic democ racy ot rennsylvania. Overbold, a Canal Commis sioner of (iovenior Porter's was accused, by Mr. Speaker Wright of a direct attempt to purchase Uie voto and influence ol a member ol tno Legislature. This same upright and incorruptible Democratic Ca nal Commissioner, has lately published a statement n which no charges Mr. rtpenkcr Wright witn hav ing presented to the Hoard of Canal Commissioners a demand for six hundred dollars, upon a claim which had lain dormant some tenor twelve years, and upon winch justly not one cent was duo him. Jhis, and other lavurs Uiat ho desired from Uie Board, he en forced by a promise, that if they were yielded hun he would, in his capacilynfSpcakorofthollouso, grant to tho Canal Commissioners any Committee they might desiro. It they should ret uso to accede to his requirements, he would an ho delicately and democrat ically ex pre wed it, give them o votirtjr AW.' He has al.10 demanded of the Board, that to savo themselves from this premature induction intothe tortures of the wicked, they mutt appoint certain friends of Ins to otlico un tho Northern Branch Canal. The Board thought proper to brave the tornienls of this amateur Infr mo. I hey refused to accedo to the otters ot Mr. WriL'ht, and ho thereupon, as appears Irom Mr, Overflow's statement, visited them with his direst diKpleasuro, seceded from the Porter party, and ac cused the Canal Commispioners, with very huntrt in dignation, ol every sort ol corruption. Such aro tho rulers that Democracy has inflicted upon this poor, abused, Commonwealth, Whether all they any lo each other be true or no, onongh is shown lo prove what manner of men lliey aro. 'Ai. liazsttt. Tn Bi'rnAarClrr.sTion. The Commissioners appointed by Mamo and Massachusetts tooxauune tho claims uf settlers on the St. John and run out Uieir lots, have taken a recess. The weather has been very unfavorable during the time that they havo been employed, and wo understand that they require much longer time for its complcxtion than waa al first supposed, as the settlors are more numerous and tho claims more ill die ult to be aujustcd than seems to have been anticipated. Coses, too, arise which the Commissioners cannot dispose of without additional authority. They will renew Uieir labors the first of Heine 11 1 ber. It is reported that tho Boundery Commissioners have disagreed about the meaning of tho language of tho treaty, and that ono of tho surveying parties has suspended ojn'mtious in consequence. Bangor Urmoeral. Minim. Hiding in company the other day, wiui several micu'mmi gfmn?nirn iruoi rnruiowvoAm- 1 ties in this tlourishing State, wo wcro distinctly in-! formed by them, that Uio cmn wns never so good throimhout the whole State as this season they believed Uie yield would average, at least, firmly bushels to the acre for tho entire crop; they spoke of the agricultural prospects as bcimf peculiarly promising in the counties of Lenawee, ashtenaw and Jackson, There was much town last fall. Itoehester 1. Pott. From the Delroil Daily Advertiser. lrlr. I'lur' OpiMUtu. Tho authority of Mr. Clay on any question of pub lic policy, is justly entitled to grout weight with the whole people without distinction of party. This is due to his long experience and great abilities, and to tho patriotic spirit which has ever guided and animated his public conduct It is natural, therefore, that political journals should rcfor with deference to his opinions, whenever they seem to bear in their favor. Thus, the Freo Press quotes Uie following, from Mr. Clay's speech in the Senate, in 1842, just Del ore his retirement Irom that bodyt H I am nut advocatim? the revival of a hiirh nro- tedive tariff; I am for abiding by the principles of the Compromise act ; I am for giving to the country a revenue, which may provide lor the economical wants of tho Government, and at the same time give on ihcipknt al protection to our home industry." Tho object of this quotation by tho Free Press, is to show that Mr. Clay does not agree with Northern Whigs in their advocacy of a protective tariff. 44 1 am for abiding by Uie principles of the Compromise act," he says.. No doubt; but then Uie question arises what docs he regard as the true H principles" of that act. Fortunately, he has himself, 111 Uie same speech, givon his own construction of Uiem in tho following terms : "But it is necessary now to consider what tho principles of the Compromise act roally are. I. The first principle is, Uiat there should be a fixed rate of ad valorem duty, and discriminations oeiow it. II. That the excess of duty beyond twenty per cent, should, by a gradual process, commencing on the 31st of December. be reduced, so that by the .30th June, 1842, it should be brought down to twenty per cent III. That afler Uiat day, such duties shoxdd he laid for the purpose of raising such revenue as might uo iiucL-nsury iuf an trcuiiomicai aommiairauon 01 tho government ; consequently excluding all resort to internal taxation, or to the proceeds of the public lands. For, contemporaneously with the pendency of the Compromise act, a bill was pending for the distribution of those proceeds. IV. That, after the iiOth June, 1843, all duties should be paid in ready money, to the exclusion of all credits, V. That after the samo day, a list of articles specified and enumerated in the act, should be admitted free of duty, fur tho benefit of Uio manufacturing interest These are tho principles, and all the principles of tho Compromise act An impression has been taken up, most erroneously, that tho rate of duty was never to exceed twenty per cent There is no such limitation in Uio act I admit that, at the time of the pnssniro of the act a hope was enter tained that a rate of duly exceeding twenty per cent would supply an adequate revenue to an economical administration of the government Then we were threatened with that overflow of revenue with which the treasury was subsequently inundated; and tho difficulty was to find articles which should be liberated from duty and thrown into the freo class. Hence, wine, silks, and other luxuries wore rendered tree. But tho act, and no part of the act, when fairly interpreted, limits Congress to tho iron rule of adhering forever, and under all circumstances, to a fixed and unalterable rate of twenty per cent duty." It is evident from the above, that Mr. Clay understands the principles of U10 Compromise act,1 very differently from Mr. Calhoun and the Free Press. These principles, according to his construction, do not limit the rate of duty to twenty por cent nor do they contemplate the same rate of duties on all dutiable articles, as contended fur by the free-trade politicians. Tho amount of revenue, is indeed not to exceed an adequate supply for en economical administration of Uie government But tho present tariff does not pass Uiat limit, nor do wo know of any Whigs who den ire thnt it should pass it Ample protection may bo secured within Uiat amount Mr. Clay says too, that he is not M advocating (he revival of a high protective tariff," referring, doubtless, to tho 44 bill of abominations " of 188, as Uie nullifiers call it, for which Mr. Van Huron and Col. Benton voted. In Uiis too, all Northern Whig cordially agree with him. They want no high protective tariff but a moderate ono, which will reasonably but etliciently protect American industry. The Free Press on the oilier hand, is nnnosed tnnnv nm. tec lion at all, but goes for Britiuh free trade. And so is Mr. Calhoun, but not Mr. Clay nor Uie Northern Whigs. The enlightened editor of the Free Press surra that tho direct and necessary consequence of the rrotecuvo 1 arilt, is to rtrfiirr the revenue of Uie Gov ernment, "thus cutting off or drying up the very source of all means to mako harbor improvements. Mr. Van Buren's Administration not onlv atonnrd all harbor improvements, but actually sold Uie implements, utensils, &c. with which Uiey had been mado. This was under the "Comprommo Act1 so much lauded by tho Clinton Locofoco Convention, which nominated Mr. McClelland for Congress, and was long before tho odious "Protective Tariff" waa passed. ' Why did not Uiat administration, under a system so fruitful of revenue, proceed with tho harbor improvements? And where will the editor of Uie Freo Press find revenue enough to make these improvements when tho country shall bo blessed with his favorite system of free trado and direct taxation? If a Protective Tan IT tends to dry up Uie sources of revenue, how did it happen that a surplus of many millions was distributed among the Slate in iKiti? The friendship of Uie Free Press, its candidate and its party, for such im proven tents, is seen in tho Van Burcn policy to which, for aught Uiat appears to Uie contrary, will be cordially supported by MUio party's" quasi candidate for the Presidency, Gen. Cass. Ditioit JJv, The assertion so often made Uiat Uio m ami factored 01 iew r.ngiami nave oecn ouiu u of Uio shipping interest and of the of the nation, is equally false. tho Tmy Whig for Uie following st of New Kngland have been built up at the expense no marine strength We are indebted to my Whig for Uie following statistics: MIn Irill was passed the Protective TarifTagainst which the free trado nullifiers of South Carolina made so great an outcry. At tho Ume of its passage New Kngland owned l87,f00 tone of shipping. In lKfilsho owned !H2MBU tons being an increase of 50 per cont in 111 years, during all of which a protective tariff was in full operation. During the same period the shipping of Uie whole Union increased with wonderful rapidity. In lH'Aiit amounted to only l,5H;Mri ions, while in 183 it amounted to 2,-1 100,000 tons." AMfaicA Provisions. We observe a statement in Uio New York Journal of Commerce that a quantity of American provisions has rocently been shipped from that port to Liverpool, and tho remark is made that all tho commodities now sent, except the flour, are new article ot export to great Britain, sent forward in eonsequenco of Uio recent modifica tion of tho British Tariff We noticed sometime ago Uiat a quantity of provisions, put up with care expressly for Iho Knglish market, had been shipped hy a house in this city with a favorable result ; and at Uie samo time wo published an extract of a letter slating that Uio superior quality nf the provisions and the excellent manner in which Uioy wore packed had done much to overcome the strong prejudice existing against them. This prejudice boingonce removed there is no doubt Uiat a largo and profitablo trade will be carried un 'FIlQ ststfimniit in tiiA Jnuriisl uf Comnnrco is is I'nllowr Unit, jimtr. 1 RAIIK WITH fi.f (1LAN !.( int) nf Mir IMFSC. ill I P. now loiuling fr I.iwrpool, hi nn biwnl lh! follow ing .rticlcs, which compose her cargo so fir, vit : K) Ibis, flour, li.VI bhls. Inr.l, .KKI firkins bullnr, (sTO casks and bnxM of choosp, 50 Inns spermaceti oil, ii invoices, about M toil! moasura of clocks. Mori siin i:ti s-s! Tho State Printer kicks Tyler an l Tylnriain hartl in return fur favors bestow, cel. Hoar how tho uneratcl'til fillnw belabors Ins allies in tlio 'democratic causo, in tlio last Statesman. "Tlio unparalled exertions of Capl Tyler and his minions to spread corruption llirouuli the country hy the power of ollico and bribes of tiovernmenl patron-aio, has no parallel in the annals of this, or perhaps any other nation. All shame, all dispone is thrown oil, and every man whose character is not far above suspicion is approached with th! pmtl'eren bribe." Complimentary, truly, to llenshaw, I'ortcr, McF.I-vain and hundreds of your old political cronies, Mr. Statesman. Point to tho members of your party who have refused the "prollorcd bribe" VV'e have heard of an isolated case, and we honor the man for ciliib-iliiig so much self-respect. I'lre. Jrr. Floi' rnoM Nw Wim.T. There was shipper! at Scnitaville on Uie 3d hist. .'Hi barrels of flour Ouin new wheat, manufactured from tho millof II. Smith, of that villntr". Tina is the first wa have heard be inff shipped for New York this season. fccarslrr Jai'v .UcrrliKr. , From the Notional Intelligencer. British Olfleera mm Americana Credit. Fow of our readers, we dare my, but woro son;. bly impressed with the anecdote, related in the ex tract from Gen. Jambs Hamilton's anti-rcpudiution Speech which we published 1 few days ago, of hid conversation with a tiritish oracer who had unfortunately for him, invested the savings of his life in American Southern State Stock The mention of the rmino of this officer (Sir John Morillyon Wilson) has induced a friend of ours to furnish us with a copy of a letter received from him on the same subject aome two years ago by a distinguished officer of our own Army, which has appeared to us of sufficient interest (nothing furbidding it) to publish, as exhibiting tho actual oporatiuna of the State delinquincies upon those individuals who were induced by their confidence in American honor to invest their all in tho stato securities; and as showing also the feeling of tho army aa well as of Kngland towards the United States at tho moment when there waa somo reason tonpprehond a rupture between the two countries. Tho writer of the subjoined Letter, it may bo promised, waa captured, severely wounded, at Chippewa, 011 the 5th of July, 1H 15, and with his friend Ma jor General Sir Phineas Kia.ll, also badly wounded anu captured at tne name or Niagara some twenty days later, lay, together with our Alaj. Gon. Scott, (he too being badly wounded,) for somo time, at lirst near iiunuo, ana anerwaras on the road between Diitlalo and Albany, until they were able to travel. From association and community of suflerimr. a friendship was contracted between theee officers and Gen. Scott, who assisted their return to England on parole, and facilitated Uieir journey in the United States previous to their departure; of which, and other civilities received at Uiat time, such a sense has m,iivirKiiaiiiiu uj Mllioc umicrB, mm UOUI Oir 1 III II easand Sir John have ever since been unbounded in their attentions to all Americans falling within their reach. This explanation will serve to introduce to our readers the following letter from Sir J. Al. Wilson, to Gen. Ucott. HorAi, Hospital, Ciielsfa, October 9, 1841. My Dear General Scott: Upwards oftwenty-seven years havo now passed away aincc I was opposed to you at Chippttca and waa afterwards your prisoner and ftllow luffertr, near Buffalo. Vet, during that time i have never ceased to feel a grateful recollection of your kindness tome, and a high admiration of those chivalrous feelings which animated you in battle. And it is the recollection of these stirring and bv-gono times, and Uie elevated opinion entertained of you by Sir Phineas Riallaudmyaelf, which now induces me to write to you. Tho favorable impression I had received on nass- ing through tho dillcrent Stales of Uie Union in both in respect of their moral tone, of their industry and resources, and of the .Sfcron Wood, which scorned every where spurring Uiem into action and AonornWs existence, induced me in a ertituloui and evil hour tu invest nearly all Uie money I possessed, vis 7,-5K), in Now Orleans canal and banking shares and Mississippi and Indiana Stato stocks: and now. hIas. nono of Uiese three concerns pay Uieir dividends! i nave a wue anu six cuuurcn, and twoot your musket balls are still lodged in my body; and under this pressure from withoutjaa well as within)you will not be suriirisud if 1 sometimes feel a little mrwiB l,nt llio interests of my family. Will you then, dear General Scott, pardon my writing to you; and inform mo whether or not, in your opinion, tho Legislatures uf Uie above States aro iraning in Uiose high feelings of honor and honesty for which I gavo them credit; or whether Uieir present ombarassmenUi has arisen out nf unexcte(l uiiiicuiiics, anu mat they had not sufficient timo In meet their engagements? If you be kind enough to give me your opinion on this subject I know liiat it will be an honal one; and I shall therefore appreciate it. I often hear of you from your countrymen who visit England, and I hear of your health and ofyour advancement in the estimation of the Union with great satisfaction. The gloom and distrust which the failure of the United States llank (and the Slates to which I havo referred) have produced in England is vr.at orcat; yet still I wish Uiat Uie same friendly feelinga wero entertained by the citizens of Uie United Suites for Englishmen, which Englishmen, I am happy to say, overy where entertain for Uicm. But the borderers on both sides, I fear, are a restless sot, and nothing save the wisdom and best exertions of such calm and dispassionate men as yourself, and those who aro competent to subduo and control ill! vices of Uie turbulent, will be able to preserve to those two great countries the blessings of peace, We read with great regret in this country, the accounts of the doings on both sides of your Northern frontier. There is not an Englishman of character and common sense who would not deprecate a war with America; but you must look after your peoplo on the border as woll as we. I think you will find us at all times disposed to act fairlr bv vnu: but John Bull is a touchy fellow when you rouse him, anu uiougn wining to late more irom lis cousin in America than from any body else, yet there aro limits to his furbesrance. Could you but multiply yourself into a du.cn Presidents of as many Slates, I am auro all this ill feeling would soon subside. As fur my single self, the marked kindness extended both to General Kiall and me by your countrymon has converted us more or less into Americana, and induced a confidence in their public securities, honor, and good faith which I am now afraid will prove Uie ruin of, my dear General, yours, most faiihfully, J. MoRILLrOM WlLSOM. Kkrlllti U llllBwIa. A portion of the people of the State of Illinois seem determined to disUnguish themselves. Hear what H saui ol their conduct by Uie SL Louis Era of Uio W."ith uii. The mectinir at Independence. Coles county. Il linois, has been followed by a meeting ofciUtens of Coles and Cumberland counties, at Hay's null, st wuicn it waa resolved to "recommend to all persons who may feel interested in Uie welfare of the debtor portion uf our citizens, that Uiey adopt the resolutions Uiat were signed by the people of Independence, and tho asms pledge bo ascribed to, viz: "That we will use all fair and honorable moans to prevent Uie sale of property without an appraisement according to the laws of the State in which wo live, and if Uiese means should fail, we pledge ourselves with our lives and sacred honors, to prevent it bv Uie force of arms and all other means in our power." 1 ins resolution had tne names or sixty fight pat. rids attached lo it, and Thus. Sconce acted aa Chairman, and i. D. Johnson u Secretary. It is added, that "Uiat part of the preamble (adopted at the rirst meeting) impesching the decision of Un Supreme Court, was voted out by a msioritv of the ainnora." The whole of Uie proceedings indicate a settled design, nn the part of Uie citizens to intimidate Uia law officers in the execution of their duty, and to overturn the regular Government if necessary to ef- lect that purpose." Here is open rebellion.' And if such things as these, and proceedings like those at Uie recent mob in Cincinnati, are allowed to go unrebuked by our laws, what is our government worth? Punishment prompt and severe should be annlied tn leach such persons that liborly does not tolerate liccnloua noss. Tin advocates of Uie free trade system must b much flattered by the position which the English, writers suggest their doctrine would nlace iho 1 ti'd Slate!. It certainly cannot but be pleaainr to mo iarmer oi iree America to now tint the doc trino of free trade will place them in a state of most Wirifll tatsntturt. Hear Uie London Times: "More general considerations tend to show that the trado between the two countries most beneficial to both, must he what is called a Colonial trado; Ihn new settled country importing the manufactures of tho old, in exchange for its raw produce. In all economical relations the United Stales anil stand tn England in Uio relation of Culony to mother countrj ." Again "ll.ith England and tho United States are suffering because the (economical) aloniat relstion haa been broken; because the surplus capital of England doca not lind its way to America along with tho stragglers ofils surplus population; and because the raw produce of America, through the influence of ro airictive duties, and for want uf that capital, cannot lind its way to England." This plausible reasoning of the great light of llrilish trade should at once convince Uie "true blue Democracy" the nature of that system recommended by their leaders; a subjection ot our government to a stato of vassalage, and the depreciation of the price of labor to a standard Uiat will eninre a stato it hopeioas boiularre to the trreat bodv of those who labor, and all this Uiat we may have Uia advantagea t a free trado i. e. s low nnco for Hritish commo,!- Hies, but no means to purchase with. .Vusoun i(t-puUiatH,Two Grako Divi.in-t. The Providence Jour-nal discovers in th! Lnrofoco parly two general divisions those who Could get an oflice from the President, and those who could not none having ever gone so far u to refute an oflice.

ATE JOURNAL, VOLUME XXXIII. COLUMBUS, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 23, 1843. NUMBER 52. WEEKLY OHIO s PUBLWI1BU EVERY WEDNESDAY, BV '1IARI,K Ut OTT. Office corner of Hieli and Town Mrceli, Uulllei' Building. TERMS. Tunis Dollaks Tr assus, which may be .lnrhMr-ed by tho payment of Two Dollnrt nd I ihy Cents in ad. vanro. at lliu otlico. , , Tho Journal it ali piilili.licd daily during llio Miiion of IV Lep.lalum and llirico a week llio remainder of llio year, tor $!; and Ihrco lime. week, yearly, for g t. THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 17, 1843. Hllrklag w the Ten. Tho Statesman ii not very remarkable fnrticking to a text Discursiveness i ono of it pecuharquol-itics. In iu last it put forth an articlo hooded 'Gold," and run off immediately into a crimination of certain nrnceedinirs of the Convontion of Pennsylvania call ed for the purpose of amending the Constitution of that Stato; and especially, 01 mo vote 01 mr. win, now one of tho Whig candidate for Representative in this county. And what was it that Mr. Cwjm did, to desorvo condemnation before tho august tribunal of the Statesman ? You must indeed, Mr. Chom, have acted very naughtily, to bring down upon you tho denunciations of that choBto and mild critic i the man of triplo refined conscience, whose sublimated sensibilities compelled him to absquatulate in terrific dudgeon from a public assembly at the Citv Hall last wock.because a lecturer on a military subject had the temerity incidentally to express a doubt whether there is in existence a newspaper cu-itor, who, at the close of each day's lubor, can lay his hand upon his heart, and with truth ejaculate, " thank God, throughout this day I hove put forth nothing but truth" lint what was it Mr. CauM had done so reprehen sible in tho eyes of the Statesman, that ho is to be shunned as ono effected with leprosy ? Most damn' ing! monstrous! he voted, says tho Statesman, "that hank officers wore impartial Representatives of the pcoplo!" What, let us ask, wore tho facts of tho enso thus uiihercd boforo tlio public with such tounding notes of alarm by tho Statesman ? They are these. The pcoplo of Pennsylvania, oy uieir i-o. rislaturo. in 1SI7. nnsscd a law for the election of f'nnvnminn fur ainctidinir their Constitution, and as is usual in such cases, throw open tho doors of qualification to their utmost oxtcnt The great funda- mental tho organic law, affecting tho right, liberty and property of overy body, was abuut to bo changed, and tho DCunlo woro left at entire liberty to uiako such selections for that purposo as in their judgment was best calculated to bring into the Convention tho greatest amount of InlcnU and experience, with no other restrictions than that the delegates should have resided ono year in the county for which Uicy were chosen. Judges, Lawyers, officers of all descriptions, members of Congress, Preachers, fcditora 01 newspapers all were eligible. In tho oxcrciao of tins right tho pooplo proceeded to the election a Convention was elected tho body was organized and was proceeding harmonioualy to cxccnlo tho trust confided to it, when tho spirit of faction, long held in check, became impatient of control ; and forthwith a resolution was submitted, " that no membor of that Convention, who holds any bank stock shall bo deemed an impartial voter," &.C This resolution, intended to disfranchise a portion of tho members whom the people had chosen j and whose placos, if rejected, could not bo supplied, was negntivod j and it is fur voting against its adoption that Mr. CauH is assailed in the Statesman. And what if Uiat resolution had been sustained ? Would it not have been followed by otlicra in the aame spirit ? Was it to bo supposed that the matter would tlicro end ? It could not reasonably havo been no expected. All members who woro officers, and the tenure of whoso places might be affected by tho doings of tho Convontion all members of Turnpiko, Ilail Koad and Navigation companies all mombors of church or other corporations, Lawyers and Printers of newspapers, would havo next been incapacitated, and tho great object of llio pcoplo been thus frustrated. Is it indeed tho opinion of the Statesman that no holder of Dank stock can bo "an impartial voter" in a public body, and, consequently, unfit for any pub lic place? If that is indeed tho cose, how came it to doss that a Iiocufoco Legislature elected Bank Director for a Bank Commissioner ? And again, if it is so reprehensible to own stock in a Bank to possess money thorcin ready to bo loaned, is it not till more so to be a borrower, and thus bo accessory in drawing out and putting in circulation that which in Iocofoco parlance is denominated "worthless promises?" In that view of Iho cao, how stands tho Statesman? Has not its Editor had more to do in drawing out thoso "worthless promises," and putting them into circulation, than falls lo the hare of nincty-nino out of every hundred of the Whigs of the State ? We cannot say how it is now, but wo havo been credibly informed that but a short time ago, he was knocking, with all duo abasement, t llio door of " bank parlours," begging for stay of oxcciition ! ! ! We cannot but think tho Statesman peculiarly un fortunate and unhappy in thus bringing the auhject of Representative trust in connection with personal intorosU into discussion. If wo are rightly informed. its Editor in 1KI7 was a member of tlto Senato of Ohio, and during Ii is Icrm of eorvico tho orrica of Stato Printer was created ; anil, that after the pas-sago of dial art, (if not before) the said Editor took it into his head that he was llio only right and prop or man for the said nrricic I canvassed for, and finally obtained it: notwithstanding Ins oath lo sup port Iho Constitution, ouo articlo of which declares thai no Senator or Kopn'suntalivo shall, during tho term fur which he shall have been elected, bo ap pointed to any civil ernes, under tho State, which hall have been created, or iho emoluments of which hall have been increased during such term." But it may bo contended that this is not an m a. We, however, think that will not now avail. Tho act creating it declares it to bo an " nrnci and who so competent to juilgo whether it is an olfiro or not, as the Representative of tho sovereign people who enacted it? All reliance upon such a pitiful technical quibble is thus cut off. I lo canvassed fur, and accepted an officii which the Constitution do dared hun ineligible for and now turns round and denounces Mr. Cat', for voting that tho men whom the people of Pennsylvania cluae as Representative! to their Convention, were comiotent lo perform the high trust thus confided to them that the right of American citizens to represent and be represented, could not bo forfeited by reason of llio possession or non-possession, of any specie! of property: and this attack, oh shame I is made in the much abused name of DntocRAcr I Can the gentleman in tins matter put his hand upon his heart, and declare his consciousness of moral rectitude ? Or will ho, in order to conceal a countenance suffused with an inward conviction of error, again attempt to escape, by a ham show of indignant feelings? Taw Lata KlrclUw Ham-war. Tho last Cincinnati Gazette says Our neighbors have done badly. They have allowed themselves to bo beaten when, with any thing like union of action, they might havo swept the Slate. But complaint! areuselem: the Whigs are beaten in Kontucky, so far as Congress is concorncd. Th! following is tho result! Wnioa, John White, Garrett Davis, Willis Green, W. P. Thomaason, and Grider 5. Dknocrats. J. W. Tibbatta, Judge French, L. Boyd, Stone and Caldwell O. Illinois. Tin news from this State is that the Iicos hava carried fiv of the six mcinbtrs of Con gress. laniAHA. The Whigs havo lost Uie Governor and Lieut. Governor, by what vote is not known. Three of the ten member! of Congress are Whigs certain 1 and the complexion of Un Legislature is doubtful. Trs-nut.-Tin Nashville Whig says: Th! returns from tho late election, in an unuOicial form, are complete. The result, in brief, is a Whig Governor by a majority of upwards of 4000, and a Whig Legislature by a majority of 8 on joint ballot, three in tho Senato, and five in the House of Roprcne.nU- tivcs. For members of Congress, tho following is tho re sult wino. loco roco. A. Johnson in 1st Dis. J. W. Ulackwel! in 3d. A. Cullom in 4lh. G. W. Jones in 5th. A. V. Urown in O'th. C. Johnson, in Uth. W. T. Senior in 2d Dia. D. W. Dickinson in 7th. J. H. Peyton in 8th. J. B. Ashe in lOlh. M. Brown in Dili. Although tho Whig candidate in tho Third Dis trict, Mr. T. J. Campbell, was defeated, tho Whig majority for Governor in tho District is 070. Tho Nashville Whig In announcing the result, has the following remarks Were it possible for language to express the feel ings with which we hail this great and signal result, we have no disposition to indulge a mere spirit of triumph, oithor to gratify our political friends or to wound tho feelings of our political opponents. If we know ourselves, it is the success of our cause, and not the disappointment of tho opposite party, that affords us joy on this glorious occasion. Wo look to tho ascendancy uf Whig principles and the tried popularity of tho acknowledged champion and impersonation ot those principles, in lenncascc, aa the true sourco of the pleusure with which wo first heard tho noto ol victory on tnoniginot mursday week, and now realize its full fruition in the election of a Whig Govornor and Whig Legislature. Wo had a nirht to look tor success in J ennossco. Twice before, in tho contests that immediately pro-ceded the present, had the Stato proclaimed her at tachment to Whig principles. And yet in tlio oo-ginning of tho ennvoss just closed, thore was much reason to apprehend that the opposite party, always vigilant, and in this contest, inspirited by a scries of triumphs in other States, might, by superior exertion and tho hope of success, effect a temKirary revolution in the politics of the State. Nothing that could be done, in tho direction and management of the campaign, by tho leaders of tho party, wus left undone, and it all failed to accomplish tho desired purposo, it was not tho fault of rank or file. Every man was at his post, and a lurgely increased Demo-cralic vole attests the tact anil diligence with which tho wholo strength of the party was brought out. They were defeiitcd by tho superiority of numbers alone. Tho Whigs, to bo sure, manifested a corresponding activity, for which they aro entitled, and doubtless receive, the plaudits of their political brethren throughout tho Union; they fought a good fight, and met tho oposition, in the field of argument, at every point. Union, concert and organization marked, in a more eminent degreo than we had ever boforo witnessed iu Iho Whig ranks, the progress of the canvass. Our friends throughout Iho Slate, to their lasting honor be it said, seemed to feel and nn. preciato tho importance of success at this peculiar risis, and a fixed determination u secure that gieat object, whs cvcryA-hcro manifest. Hut all theso would havo nvnilcd us nothing, hail not truth anil principle, and tho freo and unlmuirht sentiments of an holiest umjority, from first to last, been nrrnyed on our side. Tho Pcoplo were with us. More than 00,000 of the freemen of Tennessee had, on a pro. vious occasion, mado known their prelercnco lor Whig men and Whig measures, and although foiled by treachery in high places, and, for the time, left by their brethren in other Stales to fight against fearful odds, they havo again asserted tho samo sentiments. So that note even tho candid of their opponents aro willing to conccdo that Tennessee Is a Wing suite North t'arolinn selection. Tho Raleigh Ilcgistor of tho 11th, furnishes the following returns, from which it will be seen that the Whigs havo elected four members of Congress, and llio Locofocos Hurt, while two Districts, tlio Third and Eighth, remain in doubt. In tho first District James Graham, tho old mom- ber, and Thumos I Gingham, are tho candidates both sterling Whigs but it is not known which of them has succeeded. In tho Second District, Daniel M. Barringcr, (W.) is elected over Craigo, the (L. F.) candidate majority :)77. Third District In doubt Fourth District Edmund Debcrry ( W.) is oloclnd over Mendenhall, also Whig. In tho Fifth District, Romulus Saunders (L. F.) has been elected by 121 majority. James McKay, (U F.) has been elected in tho Sixth District, over his Whig opponent, Leach. The voto in tho Seventh Districlstood for Daniel (I. F.) 20."4 ; for Nash (W.) l5-majority 1.71. Iho returns from the Ninth District, Uiough im perfect, render it quite certain that Rayner, ( W.) has been elected by at least 800 majority. Wk. Purs the Umit Every man in the community well knows that one of tlio arguments in relation lo tho tariff which the Locofocos rely iion as Iho strongest, is that tlio "con sumer piys the duty," and consequently that a duly is just m much additional tax. Upon this principle they claim that tho price of any articlo is increased just llio amount of tho duty. I lenco the cry of "rub bing the poor for tlio beuctit of tlio rich." Now let us apply this argument Tlio lato tirifT law provides thai on all maiiufactiiros of cotton, or of which cotton shall ba a component part, not otliorwise specified, a duty of thirty per cent ad valorem shall be levied, provided that all manufactures of cotton, or of which cotton ahill be a component part, dyed, colored, printed, or stained, in wholo or in part, not exceeding in valuo thirty cents per square yard, shall bo valued at thirty cents per sq'iaro yard, ex cepting velvets, Lc. Cheap calico, therefore, not rrrrrifiu in value thirty cents per square yard, must, under Ibis provision, ho valued at thirty conts por square yard i and llio duty upon it at thirty per cent would, of course, bo niitr anil. Now every sensiblo man knows that ho can buy a good articlo of calico for One hillinf per yarn lMurl Iba ilut) Ifolucl Mrrrhani'a profit, my,, Dr-Uurl Whirinte MffThnnt' pfufii, tay 1 Imvinf for lh M.uitifriiirf prni prryanl. In the duty added to tho prion of tlio article ? If o, take off the duly, and a minufacturer cm mako a giMHl article uf calico for one rrni por yard. How utterly futile does tint fact render tho argument tlint the Voiimimer pay tho duty ?w or lint tho price of an Article m enhanced ju.it the amount of duty ? Novr hiff render, take Una fuct, and tho (.rat tocofoco you hear hrewlinff that tho "consumer ptya tho duty" poke it undor hit mo, and our word for it, he'll "auiMuatulate. Tit lag Ik lars The Locofneitf talk uf tho Tariff aa a tux upon tho poor nun. Now tt ii well known that tlto largo proportion uf revonuo ii mixed from tho more ox-pentivo (foods, audi a lliieclotli, cambric, uiunlins gauio and laco, kid glove., diamond breant pin, coin (tut, &, Tlioie are tho article, and who buy thorn? Who but the rich ruboli, or dtndy ? Why mieh a fellow aa Woodnido, our lato Charge d'Af- fairna to Denmark will buy mure inch stuff in a month than all tho Pour men in the country would buy in a lifetime-1 and that's tho kind of fellow that tlio Wliijf want should pny the cxones uf the Gov ernment. Mr. Htnto I'riiUor ami that right? Drlnwnrc Willi l-'nriorT. On a lato excursion to the Delaware Springs, we woro much gratified to witness a specimen uf the enterprise of our countrymen, and the march of the manufacturing spirit in Ohio, Messrs, Wrlls 6V Co, of Delaware, are putting in operation a silk fir lory, calculated to manufacture from tho cocoons, almost overy description of silk ami satin goods. The machinery, as we wrro informed, is constructed on a new and improved plan, under Uio superintendence of Mr. John J. Wilson, who, it worns, is a practical and accomplished silk manufacturer from Micclvsfield, England. The machinery at present consists of a twiiter and throwing mill, runningseventy-four spindle, on which to prepare Uie warp end filling, or organziiw and tram as it is called by silk weavers ; also, a winding and doubling engine, running fifty-six spindles and swifta; two looms; a warping mill ; several reels ; whcola, flic, etc., all kept in operation at ono time by horso power. Mr. Wilson and his family ore now making some thirty pounds of sowing silk of all colors, which, in our judgment, is hard to beat by tho imported article.As soon aa the now crop of cocoons comes in, they are prepared to manufacture dress silks, handkerchiefs, vestings, satins, velvets, die. Thoso who havo cocoons to sell will do well to take thorn to Delaware, whore they will be paid from 3 to $1 per bushol, or manufacture on tho share. The proprietors of this establishment aro deserving the pntronago and support of tho community for tlioir enterprizo in establishing this now brunch of manufacture ; and it should be the pndo of every American son and daughter to wear a silk dress, vest, or garment, manufactured in our own Stato from the mulberry trocs of our own soil. M. Ttilrlcnnlh Dinlrlct. Tho Locofocoos havo nominated Dr. S. A. Barker, a most radical hard money and anti-tariff man. The Ohio Whig Standard, remarking upon this nomina tion and other proceedings of tho Convention, says : Peoplo of Morgan, the Rubicon is passed. A band of hard money demagogues have resolved that you shnll declare ogainst a TARIFF and AGAINST ALL BANKS!!! Tho candidates stand committed unconditionally tho Resolve was deliberately form ed and forced through tho Convontion, to oppose tho establishment ot Hanks, except under the provisions of tho present Blinking Law! This, every man knows, is nothing more or less than a declara tion against all Banks, as some of thoso voted for it in the last Legislature, acknowledged that no Banks would bo established under it Not a single application has been made for a charter under it; not a Dank tins gone into operation, notwithstanding the great boasts that were madoef numerous applications to tho Inst Legislature. Dr. Barker standB lorth as tho champion ot tho hard money frction in this I) strict. Tlio tariff, too, under tho operations of which all kinds of goods have been reduced in price to tho consumer, and specie has como into tho country by Milliontt, vuu arc called upon to aid i puttinir tluwn, by vpling for 8. A. Barker! Th Homo Market it is building up you are called upon to pull down, tlint foreigners may tlnod our country witli tho product nf pauper labor, while their ports nro closed auinit American produce! The Euro pean against tlio American standard, in prices and wages, chooHo ye now. From iho Hiciiticn villa Herald, Error Corrected Wo norceivc, in the Ohio tiiatottmnn, nn nrticlo copied from the Chillicothe Advcrtii.r,(an anti-bunk or hard-monoy paper,) headed Men, Parties, and Hank Kelorin in Uliio" in wtncli the said Advent' scr professes to give "from tho Journals of tho Legis lature, tho volcti ot men and parties i it that boily. 'on iho ni'Mt important ouchIiouh of bank reform du "ring the last two years, with such comments as may "bo necessary to a correct understanding of tho of- "tect ot cacli vote. Unilor tins tormiiluble caption, tho Advertiser proceeds with its statements and a- inong others, makes tlio following: Having thus (nays tho Advertiser,) in von eomo of tho morit important vote which occurred during toe session commenced on tho otii ot Ucccni-her, .Ml, we now proceed to tho loading votes during the succeeding and last H-?iun, which commenced on tho 5th December, lHI'i. The first of thoio votes wits given on tho follow-2 stato of facts : Tho Farmers' and Mechanics' Uank of Stcuhenville had, it seems, borrowed, or had on denosite, tho surplus revenue hcluuirinir to the county of Jefferson, which it refused to pay over; and as a bill was pending to rcciiarter llio bank. amendment was moved, that the bank n Hon Id, before it took tho benefit of the act, pay over tho money to the County Commissioners; and thereupon the Whigs and bankers took their stand against Uie amendment, mid in favor of irtvinir the hank a renowal of its charter, whilst it still rufused to piy over the money bolongmg to tho people. I his appears from the fol lowing entry in tlio bennc Journal ot tlio loth ot December, 4'2, at page (12: HMr. Mitchell ollered tho following amendment by wny of ryder, to tins bill, to come iu as an additional section: i Sec. It That tho Farmers1 and Mechanics' Bank i of Steubenville shall pay over to the Fund Commis sioners of Jetforson County, tho amount of tho sur plus re veil uo belonging to said county, before they avail themselves of the benefits arising from this act k i ho question occunng on agreeing to this amend ment. lr. Mitchol demanded tho yeas and nnya which being ordered, were yeas 11. nays 11, as follows, to wit: eas Messrs. Aten, Hutley, trankhn, Harris, ll'ir.oltine, Johnson, Jones, Koch, lihrn, Loudon, Miller, Mitchell, McConnell, McCutchen, Kite In -y, Uobbins, Walton, Walcottand Mpeakor 11). All Democrats.! Nats Messrs. Birnetc. Clarko, Denny, Ford, Henderson, Jarkson, Lithnn, Nowton, Nash, Ridg-way, Stanton, Updegralf, Van Vorhes, and Wado - 11. All Whigs except Lamam. 1 Now wo aik the reader to noto the comment which tho editor makes, for tho purposo of imparting, as ho says, a correct understandinif of tho e liect of each voto The Fannors and Mechanics' 11 ink of ttteubouvillo,had, it suoms,(say iho Advertiser) bur- rowed, or had on prpoiit, tho surplus re venue bo- longing to tho county of Jefferson, which it refused to pav over, tVc" Now tho fact is that tho Farmer's and Mechanics' Hank of Steuhenvillo had neither borrowed" nor on deposit" a dollar of tho surplus revenue. Home yrar previously to tlio expiration if tho charter of said bank, the I'und Commisnioncrs if Jefferson county invested IN STOCK in tho cap ital of tho bank, the surplus revonuo belonging to Uie county. It wis this fund, thus invented in stock that Mr. Mitchell's amendment had reference to. It is true, tho amendment is so clumsily and hlindly constructed, M to givo some countenance to tho im-prrssi m set forth by tho Advertiser but had the editor paid attention to the course of this milter in tlto House o it epreseuts lives, and tlio anio explanation mado by our repcsentative, iudgo Dike, and which caused its rejection in that body, ho would havo been undeceived. Tho House, being satisfied of tlio fraudulent nature, as regarded olhor stockholders, of tho amendment, relWdevon to submit it to the bank. Although tho Directors nf tho Bank then believed, and still believe, that tho stock will finally be paid hack to tho stockholders, at par, (fort? per cent, having already been divided,) 110 Inmost man cannerceivoany icmiiii why ono pirtner in tho ltwti- tuiiou, should receive his amount, in foil, in money. whil-U the remaining partners uiuxt await it winding up, wtui all tuo unccrtmniien mereto attaciicd. All tho outcry, therefore, of tho Advertiser, becauso as it sy, the bank 'refused to pay over the money holoninng to the itoople," fills to iho ground. Wo do nut know tint wo should havo noticed the publi cation, had it been confined to obscure a inner as iho Advertiser but its having been copied into tho columns ol a louruil ol such wide circulation tho Ohio Ktitesmin, seemed to render somo notico of it necessary. Hhould this meot tho oyo of the Kditorof tho Statesman, ho will, we presume, tnke pleasure in correi tiiiLr iho emir which he has, inad vertently ot course, neeu uio means 01 circulating, and to tho minry ol an institmion winch numburs among its slockholdent many ol his political frionds, Hun itor Mitchell confessed to tho Senate, last winter, tint ho wtsamomher of tho Hard of Com missioners which imdo tho investment but, as i hi so il was n t his own, ho apologised for hinnelf, upon tho ground tint it wis not then disreputable for a Dem ocrat to dotl with II inks, and duty prompted lo the invostment, as the il and most profitablo to tlio counly !0. 6. JuHrnuL 1pua. -H is a remark Fib lo fact, that tho farmers in Mfyeight counties in Indiana, can transport their Crnductiont from their own doors by water, in Hat oats to market Sixteen aro bounded or intersected by the Wnbv-h ten by tho north branch of White river, twenty by tho south and its forks fourteen by the Ohio and its tributaries five by bake Michi iran and Sl Josrmh's, and others by other branches and creeks, from all parts of too State, farmers and mechanics ran preparn their freight, and in tho winter season float oil to Now Orleans or other mar kola, and return in season fur another year's labor. - fndiiinti Muni. Tho Globe says "If intimations aro to bo believ ed, the Post-Ollice at ll'Mton may be restored to Mr. Nathaniel Greene." The Washington correspon dent of the Aurora hiro replies, "that Uicro is not one word ot truth in these intimations. Tho following paragraph, which we cut from the New Orleans Bulletin, gives an extended view of the spread of manufacturing establishments over the "Great West:" Domralie manufacture. Tho fliiorfrestion that tho upper parts of the Mis sissippi Valley will in a few years be the chief seat of American Manufactures, is undoubtedly well founded. Already labor and capital to a large a-mount are deployed in manufactures of various sorts in the West In Western rennsylvania, the upper part of "Western Viroinia, and in tho Eastern part of Ohio, manufactures of cotton, wool, silk, paper, wooden and stoneware, &c. &c, abound. Within a circuit of twenty miles from Mt Pleasant, Ohio, there are probably two hundred manufacturing establishments of different sorts, and constantly increasing. At Cuyahoga Falls, 11 little village near Akron, Ohio are somo eight or ten immense paper mills, as well as other manufactures known to the country are carried on. Cotton yarns and cotton and woollen fabrics of different descriptions are made; there are 1 nan 11 factories of machine cards, oil mills, paper mills, and several of the largest and most admirably arranged flouring mills, we venture to say in the world. Steubenville, in Ohio, has for several years, been famous for the manufacture of jeans and other woollen and worsted goods. Zancsvilie is also a manufacturing town, and Dayton, in the Western port of the Stato, carries on a great variety of manufactures. At Cincinnati also and at Covington and Louisville, Ky. manufactures form a large and increasing business, and in some towns in Indiana, also nre considerable manufacturing establishments. The manufacturing interest in the West, as well as at the North, received a great impetus from tho passage of the present tariff law and from the general revivul of business which fullowed that measure. Steam and water powor are both used in tho West Many parts of tho Ohio Valley abound with "water privileges," as they aro termed, the streams which empty into the Ohio generally being broken by the rapids and cascades. Tho canals, also, in Pennsylvania and Ohio, furnish an immense water power, not near all of which is yet occupied. Other parts of the Valley abound in coal and all parts in wood, of no uso but for combustion, so that steam power is cheap. The manufacturing and mechanical pursuits of tho magnificent Valley, as well as its agriculture, must therefore rapidly increase in extent, variety and importance, unless checked hy untoward legislation or some other causes.But it is not to tho Ohio valley that the manufactures of the West are to be confined. Already, indeed, on the upper Mississippi there are lurire flour ing mills, and we expect not many years to clupso till tho Yankee transplants thither his cotton and woollen factories and the various contrivances for turning out "notions" which are so numerous in that busy country called Yankee land. On the hitrh rol ling prairies of Uie north west, sheep are raised to very great advantage, and provisions being so abundant and cheap it will bo presently found better to bring tho factories to tho wool and food, than to tako iho wool and tho food to tho factories. On Hock river and on tho upper part of the Des Moines, and perhaps at the Des Moines rapids of the Mississippi, there will probably be large manufacturing towns. Indeed, it may not bo anticipating too much to expect large flouring mills and woollen manufactories even al the Fa Is of Su Anthony. Wool tid lh Tnrlll. Tho free trade men havo affected great concern for tho wool-growing farmers of our country, ever since the passage of the present tariff act by a Whig Congress; and they have told the farmers in question that their interests had been sacrificed in and by that tariff, for tho exclusive bonelit of tho manufacturers. Though tho fallacy of this statement on the part of the free trade men has been otlen pointed out by showing that Uio tariff does 111 fact provide the American wool -grower with an efficient protection of y cents per pound, and 30 per cent ad valorem, on imported wool of the qualities that compete with our nomo grown wool, making the whole protection on such wool more than 40 per cent, in all : and though it is well known that our wool-growers arc doing well under this ttirilf-yct the following facts arc so directly in point, they will be read with satisfaction, as placing the case in an authentic form. 1 ho lion. W. Slade, of Vermont, has rocently ap plied to the office of Register of tho Treasury for Iho returns of wool imported during tho first half of the present fiscal year, which commenced one month after tho Tariff went into operation. The answer is published 111 Uio Middle bury 1'cople's Tress. It is as follows : Wool cosinijr 7 ru. or undvr (111.8 I. do. over 7 ru ll.'i.ltiJ Which bvillir ttoiltilt.nl for lliu fiilirii year. Will ilnml a Ail- Wool coning 7 cts. nr under...! Do. do, uvvr 7 n.... l.Tfli.T'W . 4oi,un Tolnl -iM-l.tM Nnw mint. rt it litis with llitr itniMirt.il nm nf llif war l'ikIiii pitr miter ;), wliirh were tu lullow: Wool ruling H Ml or undvr lOW.WB D. do. over U ct 1 7dlli4 Tumi From which dwlurl , iUll.MrO Diminution of wool ini)Hirtrd ihtt yent l,nt,l-i Hero is tho plain and satisfactory reason why American wool has advanced to about a fair price, so as to remunerate the skilful wool-grower. This business is fast becoming a very important branch :t rural industry, and woll deserven the protection it receives from a judicious Whig Tariff. Wo have no doubt but tho amount nf wool grown in the United States this year is 25 por cent larger Uian the whoioclipot iriu. l'roltwiiai II 11 lira. The Now York American has a pithy article from a correspondent on Uiis subject, from w hich we take tho following facts. Referring Iu tho advocates of tree trade, he says: One of (heir favorite dogmas is, that tho duty is a tax to its full extent upon consumption as a commentary since tho imposition of 20 and .'10 per cent, duties in August, IHll,and September, r42, upon I .mens, miks, and Worsteds, tho prices ot those goods havo not advanced one mill. Woollen Cassi-mercs have fallen nearly one-half since the increased duty in 1812. So or Iron, tho price has declined materially. Another of Uie cardinal points uf tho free trade thoory is, " if you havo a tariff which limits imports, other iiations ran buy noUung from you." The recent paper presented to the British Parliament upon tho trade Hut ween Kngland and the United States, is an apt commentary 11 Mm this humbiiir. It is stated in that paper that the exports to the United States in lrM"4 were xrijv&WJ or f l..,uyr., m. 1 he imports from Uio United States wcro, of cot ton, 41 l.U 10,7711 lbs., which at It rents, would bo M,II,M7 74 ; of tobacco, uV,til8,OI2 Ibs tho tin t if on which, if entered fr consumption, would be X2.7i:,;t41 II, or 5-10,1". I,7M 45; mora than Iho entire exports to tho United States, and at least 10,-000,000 more than Uie immji on the trhoc imports into tho United Suites in tho samo year. llrilUh Pnrlr. As this term has ben frequently bandied by tho locos, and applied to tho whins, it may bo well to ex- amino who uro bent enttted to Uio epithet. It will bo taken for era 11 toil, that a llntish party in this coun try must be ono (hat favors tht vitrrrsts of (imif tinimn. wo win then run uie parallel: hugland is (Ustatixfitd and oimwI to tho American Tariff tho locofc aro alsori.MiJi.tirfand otiimsritothe same tnr- itV and the wings are the n.rormVi nf this tariff, which the Hritish aro opmwed to. II ko then are the Hhitihh Pastt? Tho British Commercial Agents and Merchants in this country cry out for a repeal of iho American Tarilf. The loco lenders also call out for a repeal of this tarill. Senator Tappnn(lant summer) proclaimed tlint in less than 18 months, their (his) party would repeal this tariff law. Ono 0f the fourth ward Kegnicy said that thore ought nut to bo yard of cloth manufactured in this country. Who then aro tho British Party? PKOTKCTION. The Ohio Statesman estimates Uie suiplus amount ot wheat mis en in inai mato uie present year, atlei suppling their own wmits, at firrnty million trf' bushels ! Krrhanfff Miter, The Ohio Statesman is prohnhly right: but who will there bo to buy that wheat, if the manufacturers do not flourish and prosper? It will not bo very easy In force our foreign market for Ohio Flour, up from ;i(l,(KH) to 4,000,000 barrels, Wheeling 7Wi. Misst'sirri KcoTtnMT. Tho Vickidmrgh Whig, of tho 22d ult saytj u In the auditor's report wc find that tho Stato has paid out for the lands bought in or taxes for advertising, ii,Hl7 W;for making deeds, l;U.. total, f,l7 IR. The taxes on this properly, probably amounted to some eight or ten thousand dollars, which should have been paid intothn treasury, instead of which, sho has paid out $iyi4 IK. Lrttcr from Mr. Clay, We thank our neiirhbors of the ?IgricuUurit for having called forth tho following valuable letter. It expresses, in a condensed form, the views of public policy in regard to tho great interests of tho country to the maintenance and d illusion of which so many of tho illustrious orator's greatest speeches have been devoted. It breathes also tno spirit 01 enlightened benevolence, and comprehensive patriotism which distinguish his private and public character. Ntuhvitlt lianner. AsiiLAwn, August, 1H4J. To the Publishers of the Tenn. State Jigriadturist Gentlemen: I duly received your letter re questing my present views as to the station that Uie Mechanical portion of our population should occupy in the United States, and also as to the subject of 1 Home industry and Manufactures. Although 1 nave often had occasion publicly to express my opinions on these matters, I tako pleasuro in communicating them to you. It Iiuh always appeared to me, Gentlemen, that Uie task of administering our common government would not be very difficult, if honesty, liberality, and reasonable information were carried into the public councils. It was instituted to promoto the general prosperity, by a faithful exercise of Uio powerB grunted by tho Constitution. AH parts of the Union, and all tho great interests of the country should, therefore, receive Uie parental care and attention of I the uovcrnmenL INo one section, and no one interest should desire or expect to engross its exclusive regard. The n main pillars of Society aro Agriculture, Com merce, including Navigation, and Manufactures, in cluding the Mechanic Arts. Owing to the peculiar position of the United States, Agriculture requires but little protection, and that confined to few branches of it It is otherwise with the other two interests. They rcnuiro somo protection against Uie selfish legislation and tho rivalry of Foreign powers, which, to make it beneficial and effectual, should possess two dualities, moderation and stability, intimately connected with each other. Without moderation, othor interests would feel Uiat Uiey had been un justly dealt by, dissatisfaction would ensue, and that stability in legislation, so desirable in an ousiness and pursuits, would not be served. Protection to Manufactures and Commerce is in fact, whatever it may be in form, encouragement to Agriculture. A ho cultivator of the sou is conscious of the great advantage of having along sido of him the Blacksmith, the Wheelwriiht, the Saddler and Uurness maker, the Shoo maker, the Lao mot maker, and Masons and Carpenters. His comforts and theirs are both increased by such proximity, and they are enabled to augment their respective productions. lint ot what avail would it be to multiply uicm, ithout Commerce foreign and domestic, whose of- co is to distribute tho surplus produce ot Agricul-uro and of the fabrics of Uie Mechanic and Manu facturer ? I am so far a friend to freo trade as to think Uiat, within the limits of Uie Union, it should be entirely unfettered, and perfectly equal between all interests and all parts of our country. But to that free trade, which would throw wide open our ports to Foreign productions, without duties, theirs remaining closed to us or our admission allowed only lijmn tho con-1 union ot high duties and severe restriction; which would compel a resort to direct taxation, instead of the Custom-house, to supply tho wants of the Federal Treasury ; and which would leave our domestic industry unprotected, and exposed in an unequal contest with tho rival productions of Foreign pow-ars, I am utterly and irreconcilably opposed. I had hoK?iJ, and supposed, that all would havo cheerfully rallied around a Tarilf which, seeking to supply Uio Treasury with an adequate revenue, for an honest and economical administration of the Government, hoiilil, at tho same time, incidentally, by proper dis- rinnniition, extend reasonable protection to such ranches of our domestic industry as needed it That is all which is now asked or insisted upon. But even that moderate and equitable basis, for Uie final settlement of this great and vexed question, encounters strong and decided opposition. The Mechanic Arts, irom the commencement ot tho opeiation ot our present Constitution, has constantly enjoyed somo degree of protection from Government in the form of duties imposed on fab rics of foreign Mechanics ; and I think it ought to bo continued. With respect to the station which that portion of 1 our population engaged in Mechanical pursuits ought to occupy in the United States, 1 think that all Citizens, native and naturalized, without any regard to their respective vocations, should enjoy iuch con sideration in society, as is duo their virtue and intelligence, their industry, sobriety and general de portment With cordial acknowledgment, Gentlemen, for tho sentiments of esteem and confidence which you have dono me the honor to express towards me, 1 am your friend and obedient servant, II. CLAY. Mossrs, CAMF.no & Fall. Vr Pfnnirtrnnla! When rogues fall out, honest men aro made Uio wmer. 1 ho Democracy of this slate is nnw undergoing a nice analytical process. Disscnlion brings strange Unrigs to light Tho Whigs who have hith erto only been able to express their certainty of the gross corruption perpetrated in this Stato under Uie misused title ul democracy, now find all their state ments corroborated in tho "secret history which Uieso family quarrels develop. The conjoined for ces ol rortensin and 1 vlerism, arc busy in showing up the character ot their quondam allies; and Uieso asl are not slow in retort Both parties havo so ma- ny weak points in their armour, that Uie spectator, in- iL'ntuu at the wrongs they did in the days ol their ciiiruo, sees them all well expiated by tho wounds they now inflict on each oUier. Will the people learn experience by tins? We are sure they will! They havo listened to the voice it demagogues till they wore betrayed. 1 heir mis fortunes will teach Uicm caution. A case in point is afforded in some pleasant re criminations now being exchanged between two lute leaden of the pure, honest, and patriotic democ racy ot rennsylvania. Overbold, a Canal Commis sioner of (iovenior Porter's was accused, by Mr. Speaker Wright of a direct attempt to purchase Uie voto and influence ol a member ol tno Legislature. This same upright and incorruptible Democratic Ca nal Commissioner, has lately published a statement n which no charges Mr. rtpenkcr Wright witn hav ing presented to the Hoard of Canal Commissioners a demand for six hundred dollars, upon a claim which had lain dormant some tenor twelve years, and upon winch justly not one cent was duo him. Jhis, and other lavurs Uiat ho desired from Uie Board, he en forced by a promise, that if they were yielded hun he would, in his capacilynfSpcakorofthollouso, grant to tho Canal Commissioners any Committee they might desiro. It they should ret uso to accede to his requirements, he would an ho delicately and democrat ically ex pre wed it, give them o votirtjr AW.' He has al.10 demanded of the Board, that to savo themselves from this premature induction intothe tortures of the wicked, they mutt appoint certain friends of Ins to otlico un tho Northern Branch Canal. The Board thought proper to brave the tornienls of this amateur Infr mo. I hey refused to accedo to the otters ot Mr. WriL'ht, and ho thereupon, as appears Irom Mr, Overflow's statement, visited them with his direst diKpleasuro, seceded from the Porter party, and ac cused the Canal Commispioners, with very huntrt in dignation, ol every sort ol corruption. Such aro tho rulers that Democracy has inflicted upon this poor, abused, Commonwealth, Whether all they any lo each other be true or no, onongh is shown lo prove what manner of men lliey aro. 'Ai. liazsttt. Tn Bi'rnAarClrr.sTion. The Commissioners appointed by Mamo and Massachusetts tooxauune tho claims uf settlers on the St. John and run out Uieir lots, have taken a recess. The weather has been very unfavorable during the time that they havo been employed, and wo understand that they require much longer time for its complcxtion than waa al first supposed, as the settlors are more numerous and tho claims more ill die ult to be aujustcd than seems to have been anticipated. Coses, too, arise which the Commissioners cannot dispose of without additional authority. They will renew Uieir labors the first of Heine 11 1 ber. It is reported that tho Boundery Commissioners have disagreed about the meaning of tho language of tho treaty, and that ono of tho surveying parties has suspended ojn'mtious in consequence. Bangor Urmoeral. Minim. Hiding in company the other day, wiui several micu'mmi gfmn?nirn iruoi rnruiowvoAm- 1 ties in this tlourishing State, wo wcro distinctly in-! formed by them, that Uio cmn wns never so good throimhout the whole State as this season they believed Uie yield would average, at least, firmly bushels to the acre for tho entire crop; they spoke of the agricultural prospects as bcimf peculiarly promising in the counties of Lenawee, ashtenaw and Jackson, There was much town last fall. Itoehester 1. Pott. From the Delroil Daily Advertiser. lrlr. I'lur' OpiMUtu. Tho authority of Mr. Clay on any question of pub lic policy, is justly entitled to grout weight with the whole people without distinction of party. This is due to his long experience and great abilities, and to tho patriotic spirit which has ever guided and animated his public conduct It is natural, therefore, that political journals should rcfor with deference to his opinions, whenever they seem to bear in their favor. Thus, the Freo Press quotes Uie following, from Mr. Clay's speech in the Senate, in 1842, just Del ore his retirement Irom that bodyt H I am nut advocatim? the revival of a hiirh nro- tedive tariff; I am for abiding by the principles of the Compromise act ; I am for giving to the country a revenue, which may provide lor the economical wants of tho Government, and at the same time give on ihcipknt al protection to our home industry." Tho object of this quotation by tho Free Press, is to show that Mr. Clay does not agree with Northern Whigs in their advocacy of a protective tariff. 44 1 am for abiding by Uie principles of the Compromise act," he says.. No doubt; but then Uie question arises what docs he regard as the true H principles" of that act. Fortunately, he has himself, 111 Uie same speech, givon his own construction of Uiem in tho following terms : "But it is necessary now to consider what tho principles of the Compromise act roally are. I. The first principle is, Uiat there should be a fixed rate of ad valorem duty, and discriminations oeiow it. II. That the excess of duty beyond twenty per cent, should, by a gradual process, commencing on the 31st of December. be reduced, so that by the .30th June, 1842, it should be brought down to twenty per cent III. That afler Uiat day, such duties shoxdd he laid for the purpose of raising such revenue as might uo iiucL-nsury iuf an trcuiiomicai aommiairauon 01 tho government ; consequently excluding all resort to internal taxation, or to the proceeds of the public lands. For, contemporaneously with the pendency of the Compromise act, a bill was pending for the distribution of those proceeds. IV. That, after the iiOth June, 1843, all duties should be paid in ready money, to the exclusion of all credits, V. That after the samo day, a list of articles specified and enumerated in the act, should be admitted free of duty, fur tho benefit of Uio manufacturing interest These are tho principles, and all the principles of tho Compromise act An impression has been taken up, most erroneously, that tho rate of duty was never to exceed twenty per cent There is no such limitation in Uio act I admit that, at the time of the pnssniro of the act a hope was enter tained that a rate of duly exceeding twenty per cent would supply an adequate revenue to an economical administration of the government Then we were threatened with that overflow of revenue with which the treasury was subsequently inundated; and tho difficulty was to find articles which should be liberated from duty and thrown into the freo class. Hence, wine, silks, and other luxuries wore rendered tree. But tho act, and no part of the act, when fairly interpreted, limits Congress to tho iron rule of adhering forever, and under all circumstances, to a fixed and unalterable rate of twenty per cent duty." It is evident from the above, that Mr. Clay understands the principles of U10 Compromise act,1 very differently from Mr. Calhoun and the Free Press. These principles, according to his construction, do not limit the rate of duty to twenty por cent nor do they contemplate the same rate of duties on all dutiable articles, as contended fur by the free-trade politicians. Tho amount of revenue, is indeed not to exceed an adequate supply for en economical administration of Uie government But tho present tariff does not pass Uiat limit, nor do wo know of any Whigs who den ire thnt it should pass it Ample protection may bo secured within Uiat amount Mr. Clay says too, that he is not M advocating (he revival of a high protective tariff," referring, doubtless, to tho 44 bill of abominations " of 188, as Uie nullifiers call it, for which Mr. Van Huron and Col. Benton voted. In Uiis too, all Northern Whig cordially agree with him. They want no high protective tariff but a moderate ono, which will reasonably but etliciently protect American industry. The Free Press on the oilier hand, is nnnosed tnnnv nm. tec lion at all, but goes for Britiuh free trade. And so is Mr. Calhoun, but not Mr. Clay nor Uie Northern Whigs. The enlightened editor of the Free Press surra that tho direct and necessary consequence of the rrotecuvo 1 arilt, is to rtrfiirr the revenue of Uie Gov ernment, "thus cutting off or drying up the very source of all means to mako harbor improvements. Mr. Van Buren's Administration not onlv atonnrd all harbor improvements, but actually sold Uie implements, utensils, &c. with which Uiey had been mado. This was under the "Comprommo Act1 so much lauded by tho Clinton Locofoco Convention, which nominated Mr. McClelland for Congress, and was long before tho odious "Protective Tariff" waa passed. ' Why did not Uiat administration, under a system so fruitful of revenue, proceed with tho harbor improvements? And where will the editor of Uie Freo Press find revenue enough to make these improvements when tho country shall bo blessed with his favorite system of free trado and direct taxation? If a Protective Tan IT tends to dry up Uie sources of revenue, how did it happen that a surplus of many millions was distributed among the Slate in iKiti? The friendship of Uie Free Press, its candidate and its party, for such im proven tents, is seen in tho Van Burcn policy to which, for aught Uiat appears to Uie contrary, will be cordially supported by MUio party's" quasi candidate for the Presidency, Gen. Cass. Ditioit JJv, The assertion so often made Uiat Uio m ami factored 01 iew r.ngiami nave oecn ouiu u of Uio shipping interest and of the of the nation, is equally false. tho Tmy Whig for Uie following st of New Kngland have been built up at the expense no marine strength We are indebted to my Whig for Uie following statistics: MIn Irill was passed the Protective TarifTagainst which the free trado nullifiers of South Carolina made so great an outcry. At tho Ume of its passage New Kngland owned l87,f00 tone of shipping. In lKfilsho owned !H2MBU tons being an increase of 50 per cont in 111 years, during all of which a protective tariff was in full operation. During the same period the shipping of Uie whole Union increased with wonderful rapidity. In lH'Aiit amounted to only l,5H;Mri ions, while in 183 it amounted to 2,-1 100,000 tons." AMfaicA Provisions. We observe a statement in Uio New York Journal of Commerce that a quantity of American provisions has rocently been shipped from that port to Liverpool, and tho remark is made that all tho commodities now sent, except the flour, are new article ot export to great Britain, sent forward in eonsequenco of Uio recent modifica tion of tho British Tariff We noticed sometime ago Uiat a quantity of provisions, put up with care expressly for Iho Knglish market, had been shipped hy a house in this city with a favorable result ; and at Uie samo time wo published an extract of a letter slating that Uio superior quality nf the provisions and the excellent manner in which Uioy wore packed had done much to overcome the strong prejudice existing against them. This prejudice boingonce removed there is no doubt Uiat a largo and profitablo trade will be carried un 'FIlQ ststfimniit in tiiA Jnuriisl uf Comnnrco is is I'nllowr Unit, jimtr. 1 RAIIK WITH fi.f (1LAN !.( int) nf Mir IMFSC. ill I P. now loiuling fr I.iwrpool, hi nn biwnl lh! follow ing .rticlcs, which compose her cargo so fir, vit : K) Ibis, flour, li.VI bhls. Inr.l, .KKI firkins bullnr, (sTO casks and bnxM of choosp, 50 Inns spermaceti oil, ii invoices, about M toil! moasura of clocks. Mori siin i:ti s-s! Tho State Printer kicks Tyler an l Tylnriain hartl in return fur favors bestow, cel. Hoar how tho uneratcl'til fillnw belabors Ins allies in tlio 'democratic causo, in tlio last Statesman. "Tlio unparalled exertions of Capl Tyler and his minions to spread corruption llirouuli the country hy the power of ollico and bribes of tiovernmenl patron-aio, has no parallel in the annals of this, or perhaps any other nation. All shame, all dispone is thrown oil, and every man whose character is not far above suspicion is approached with th! pmtl'eren bribe." Complimentary, truly, to llenshaw, I'ortcr, McF.I-vain and hundreds of your old political cronies, Mr. Statesman. Point to tho members of your party who have refused the "prollorcd bribe" VV'e have heard of an isolated case, and we honor the man for ciliib-iliiig so much self-respect. I'lre. Jrr. Floi' rnoM Nw Wim.T. There was shipper! at Scnitaville on Uie 3d hist. .'Hi barrels of flour Ouin new wheat, manufactured from tho millof II. Smith, of that villntr". Tina is the first wa have heard be inff shipped for New York this season. fccarslrr Jai'v .UcrrliKr. , From the Notional Intelligencer. British Olfleera mm Americana Credit. Fow of our readers, we dare my, but woro son;. bly impressed with the anecdote, related in the ex tract from Gen. Jambs Hamilton's anti-rcpudiution Speech which we published 1 few days ago, of hid conversation with a tiritish oracer who had unfortunately for him, invested the savings of his life in American Southern State Stock The mention of the rmino of this officer (Sir John Morillyon Wilson) has induced a friend of ours to furnish us with a copy of a letter received from him on the same subject aome two years ago by a distinguished officer of our own Army, which has appeared to us of sufficient interest (nothing furbidding it) to publish, as exhibiting tho actual oporatiuna of the State delinquincies upon those individuals who were induced by their confidence in American honor to invest their all in tho stato securities; and as showing also the feeling of tho army aa well as of Kngland towards the United States at tho moment when there waa somo reason tonpprehond a rupture between the two countries. Tho writer of the subjoined Letter, it may bo promised, waa captured, severely wounded, at Chippewa, 011 the 5th of July, 1H 15, and with his friend Ma jor General Sir Phineas Kia.ll, also badly wounded anu captured at tne name or Niagara some twenty days later, lay, together with our Alaj. Gon. Scott, (he too being badly wounded,) for somo time, at lirst near iiunuo, ana anerwaras on the road between Diitlalo and Albany, until they were able to travel. From association and community of suflerimr. a friendship was contracted between theee officers and Gen. Scott, who assisted their return to England on parole, and facilitated Uieir journey in the United States previous to their departure; of which, and other civilities received at Uiat time, such a sense has m,iivirKiiaiiiiu uj Mllioc umicrB, mm UOUI Oir 1 III II easand Sir John have ever since been unbounded in their attentions to all Americans falling within their reach. This explanation will serve to introduce to our readers the following letter from Sir J. Al. Wilson, to Gen. Ucott. HorAi, Hospital, Ciielsfa, October 9, 1841. My Dear General Scott: Upwards oftwenty-seven years havo now passed away aincc I was opposed to you at Chippttca and waa afterwards your prisoner and ftllow luffertr, near Buffalo. Vet, during that time i have never ceased to feel a grateful recollection of your kindness tome, and a high admiration of those chivalrous feelings which animated you in battle. And it is the recollection of these stirring and bv-gono times, and Uie elevated opinion entertained of you by Sir Phineas Riallaudmyaelf, which now induces me to write to you. Tho favorable impression I had received on nass- ing through tho dillcrent Stales of Uie Union in both in respect of their moral tone, of their industry and resources, and of the .Sfcron Wood, which scorned every where spurring Uiem into action and AonornWs existence, induced me in a ertituloui and evil hour tu invest nearly all Uie money I possessed, vis 7,-5K), in Now Orleans canal and banking shares and Mississippi and Indiana Stato stocks: and now. hIas. nono of Uiese three concerns pay Uieir dividends! i nave a wue anu six cuuurcn, and twoot your musket balls are still lodged in my body; and under this pressure from withoutjaa well as within)you will not be suriirisud if 1 sometimes feel a little mrwiB l,nt llio interests of my family. Will you then, dear General Scott, pardon my writing to you; and inform mo whether or not, in your opinion, tho Legislatures uf Uie above States aro iraning in Uiose high feelings of honor and honesty for which I gavo them credit; or whether Uieir present ombarassmenUi has arisen out nf unexcte(l uiiiicuiiics, anu mat they had not sufficient timo In meet their engagements? If you be kind enough to give me your opinion on this subject I know liiat it will be an honal one; and I shall therefore appreciate it. I often hear of you from your countrymen who visit England, and I hear of your health and ofyour advancement in the estimation of the Union with great satisfaction. The gloom and distrust which the failure of the United States llank (and the Slates to which I havo referred) have produced in England is vr.at orcat; yet still I wish Uiat Uie same friendly feelinga wero entertained by the citizens of Uie United Suites for Englishmen, which Englishmen, I am happy to say, overy where entertain for Uicm. But the borderers on both sides, I fear, are a restless sot, and nothing save the wisdom and best exertions of such calm and dispassionate men as yourself, and those who aro competent to subduo and control ill! vices of Uie turbulent, will be able to preserve to those two great countries the blessings of peace, We read with great regret in this country, the accounts of the doings on both sides of your Northern frontier. There is not an Englishman of character and common sense who would not deprecate a war with America; but you must look after your peoplo on the border as woll as we. I think you will find us at all times disposed to act fairlr bv vnu: but John Bull is a touchy fellow when you rouse him, anu uiougn wining to late more irom lis cousin in America than from any body else, yet there aro limits to his furbesrance. Could you but multiply yourself into a du.cn Presidents of as many Slates, I am auro all this ill feeling would soon subside. As fur my single self, the marked kindness extended both to General Kiall and me by your countrymon has converted us more or less into Americana, and induced a confidence in their public securities, honor, and good faith which I am now afraid will prove Uie ruin of, my dear General, yours, most faiihfully, J. MoRILLrOM WlLSOM. Kkrlllti U llllBwIa. A portion of the people of the State of Illinois seem determined to disUnguish themselves. Hear what H saui ol their conduct by Uie SL Louis Era of Uio W."ith uii. The mectinir at Independence. Coles county. Il linois, has been followed by a meeting ofciUtens of Coles and Cumberland counties, at Hay's null, st wuicn it waa resolved to "recommend to all persons who may feel interested in Uie welfare of the debtor portion uf our citizens, that Uiey adopt the resolutions Uiat were signed by the people of Independence, and tho asms pledge bo ascribed to, viz: "That we will use all fair and honorable moans to prevent Uie sale of property without an appraisement according to the laws of the State in which wo live, and if Uiese means should fail, we pledge ourselves with our lives and sacred honors, to prevent it bv Uie force of arms and all other means in our power." 1 ins resolution had tne names or sixty fight pat. rids attached lo it, and Thus. Sconce acted aa Chairman, and i. D. Johnson u Secretary. It is added, that "Uiat part of the preamble (adopted at the rirst meeting) impesching the decision of Un Supreme Court, was voted out by a msioritv of the ainnora." The whole of Uie proceedings indicate a settled design, nn the part of Uie citizens to intimidate Uia law officers in the execution of their duty, and to overturn the regular Government if necessary to ef- lect that purpose." Here is open rebellion.' And if such things as these, and proceedings like those at Uie recent mob in Cincinnati, are allowed to go unrebuked by our laws, what is our government worth? Punishment prompt and severe should be annlied tn leach such persons that liborly does not tolerate liccnloua noss. Tin advocates of Uie free trade system must b much flattered by the position which the English, writers suggest their doctrine would nlace iho 1 ti'd Slate!. It certainly cannot but be pleaainr to mo iarmer oi iree America to now tint the doc trino of free trade will place them in a state of most Wirifll tatsntturt. Hear Uie London Times: "More general considerations tend to show that the trado between the two countries most beneficial to both, must he what is called a Colonial trado; Ihn new settled country importing the manufactures of tho old, in exchange for its raw produce. In all economical relations the United Stales anil stand tn England in Uio relation of Culony to mother countrj ." Again "ll.ith England and tho United States are suffering because the (economical) aloniat relstion haa been broken; because the surplus capital of England doca not lind its way to America along with tho stragglers ofils surplus population; and because the raw produce of America, through the influence of ro airictive duties, and for want uf that capital, cannot lind its way to England." This plausible reasoning of the great light of llrilish trade should at once convince Uie "true blue Democracy" the nature of that system recommended by their leaders; a subjection ot our government to a stato of vassalage, and the depreciation of the price of labor to a standard Uiat will eninre a stato it hopeioas boiularre to the trreat bodv of those who labor, and all this Uiat we may have Uia advantagea t a free trado i. e. s low nnco for Hritish commo,!- Hies, but no means to purchase with. .Vusoun i(t-puUiatH,Two Grako Divi.in-t. The Providence Jour-nal discovers in th! Lnrofoco parly two general divisions those who Could get an oflice from the President, and those who could not none having ever gone so far u to refute an oflice.