Pavlof Volcano continues to exhibit signs of unrest. Seismic activity remains slightly above background, and a persistent steam plume has been evident in web camera views of the volcano throughout the week. Weakly elevated surface temperatures were also observed in satellite views earlier in the week. AVO has recently determined that the summit crater is larger and more centrally located than before, as a result of the March 2016 explosion. The new crater geometry may allow satellite sensors to more easily detect emissions of hot gases from the vent. Ongoing observations of moderately elevated surface temperatures over the past few months likely reflect this change in the crater, and do not indicate new eruptive activity or rising magma.

Vapor emissions, with or without minor amounts of volcanic ash, are common and may occur from the summit vent at any time as they have this week. Periods of more vigorous ash emission and lava fountaining also are possible and could occur with only subtle changes in the level of seismic activity. Pavlof is one of the most frequently active volcanoes in Alaska, and pauses in eruptive activity followed by renewed unrest and ash emission are common.

Pavlof Volcano is a snow- and ice-covered stratovolcano located on the southwestern end of the Alaska Peninsula about 953 km (592 mi) southwest of Anchorage. The volcano is about 7 km (4.4 mi) in diameter and has active vents on the north and east sides close to the summit. With over 40 historic eruptions, it is one of the most consistently active volcanoes in the Aleutian arc. Eruptive activity is generally characterized by sporadic Strombolian lava fountaining continuing for a several-month period. Ash plumes as high as 49,000 ft ASL have been generated by past eruptions of Pavlof, and during the March 2016 eruption, ash plumes as high as 40,000 feet above sea level were generated and the ash was tracked in satellite data as distant as eastern Canada. The nearest community, Cold Bay, is located 60 km (37 miles) to the southwest of Pavlof.

Low-level unrest continues at Mt. Cleveland. The volcano was obscured by clouds throughout most of the week; however, weakly elevated surface temperatures were observed in a clear satellite view on November 5, and minor steaming at the summit was observed in clear web camera views on November 6 and 9. No significant activity was detected in seismic or infrasound (pressure sensor) data this week.

Cleveland volcano forms the western portion of Chuginadak Island, a remote and uninhabited island in the east central Aleutians. The volcano is located about 75 km (45 mi) west of the community of Nikolski, and 1500 km (940 mi) southwest of Anchorage. The most recent significant period of eruption began in February, 2001 and produced 3 explosive events that generated ash clouds as high as 39,000 ft above sea level. The 2001 eruption also produced a lava flow and hot avalanche that reached the sea. Since then, Cleveland has been intermittently active producing small lava flows, often followed by explosions that generate small ash clouds generally below 20,000 ft above sea level. These explosions also launch debris onto the slopes of the cone producing hot pyroclastic avalanches and lahars that sometimes reach the coastline.

The Alaska Volcano Observatory is a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys.