“But participatory design research, properly done, continually brings the analysis back to the domain and shares it with the participants, who cointerpret it, co-analyze it, and co-design responses to it.”

“Involvement. Participatory design studies are not a “listening tour” in which researchers hear the concerns of users, then go away and design a solution; they are participatory top to bottom and must include verifiable, regular avenues for group interaction and definite routines for ensuring that users’ concerns are methodically addressed in the resulting design.”