2018-02-18T08:23:39Zhttps://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=70962015-01-0110.22059Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88942251-8894201584Metabolic profile of pregnant, non-pregnant and male twohumped camels (Camelus bactrianus) of Iran‌ArashOmidiZhilaSajediMohammadMontazer TorbatiMohsenMostafaiBACKGROUND: The knowledge in blood constituents isimportant for assessing the physiological status and the health ofanimals. Only a limited number of two-humped camels (Camelusbactrianus) were reared in Ardabil province, northwest of Iran.OBJECTIVES:The present study was carried out to find out whetherthe sex and pregnancy affect thyroid hormones, lipid andlipoprotein profile, and selected biochemical factors in healthyIranian Bactrian camels. METHODS:The evaluated herd containedtwenty clinical healthy Bactrian camels, aged between four andthirteen years. Six of them were non-pregnant, five in the late periodof pregnancy, and nine were male camels. Blood samples (10 mL)were collected from the jugular vein of camels in spring 2013 duringtwo consecutive days. All samples were centrifuged at 3000× rpmfor 15 min and sera were refrigerated at -21°C until analysis.Thyroid function tests were carried out by measuring serum levelsof thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free and total thyroxin(fT4), (T4), and free and total triiodothyronine (fT3), (T3) bycommercially available radio immunoassay kits. The biochemicalparameters were measured using a standard autoanalyser(Hitachi717, Boehringer. Mannheim, Germany). RESULTS: Thelevels of fT4, HDL-Cholesterol, ALP, and glucose in the sera ofpregnant camels were significantly lower than the male and nonpregnantcamels. The serum levels of other parameters were notsignificantly different among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Thepresent study revealed that heavy pregnancy has a profound effecton certain serum biochemical parameters in Bactrian camels.Camelus bactrianuspregnancycamel20150101235242https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_52481_f925bec81a8ea8b02db90f9862975d86.pdf2015-01-0110.22059Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88942251-8894201584The photoperiod and heat stress effects on histometrical structure of rat prostate glandNaeemErfani MajdSajadSehab NeghhSeid RezaFatemi TabatabaeiBACKGROUND: There is not enough information about theeffects of heat stress and photoperiod on different lobes structure.OBJECTIVES: The present study aims at determining thehistological changes and the rate of changes in each lobes of ratprostate, affected by photoperiod changes and heat stress.METHODS:To this end, 15 adult male wistar rats were divided tothree groups: 1. the control group in which the rats were kept in12L: 12D and 25°C temperature condition, 2. the heat stressgroup in which the rats were kept in 12L: 12D and 42+1 °Ctemperature condition for 4 to 5 hours per day, and 3. thephotoperiod group in which the rats were kept in 16L: 8D and25°C temperature condition. After 30 days, samples were takenfrom different lobes and sections with 5 to 6μ thickness weremade and stained by H&E and PAS. RESULTS: The microscopicresults showed that histomorphometrical structure andhistochemical reactions of the different lobs of normal prostateof the rats are different. The proportion of parenchyma to stromadecreased by heat stress; however, it increased by photoperiod.The maximum changes were seen in ventral lobe. The epithelialthickness, lumen diameter, and number of secretory units alsoincreased by photoperiod (16L:8D), but it decreased by heatstress. The number of secretory cells were increased by heatstress because the cell size decreased; however, they decreasedby long photoperiod regime. The number of folded secretoryunits increased by photoperiod, while heat stress has an adverseeffect (pheat stresshistometricalphotoperiodrat prostate20150101243248https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_52482_89cb0e3b7ec06131ebadaf2e3590babd.pdf2015-01-0110.22059Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88942251-8894201584The efficacy of a poultry commercial anticoccidial vaccine in experimental challenge with Eimeria field isolatesFatemehArabkhazaeliSedighehNabianMehrdadModirsaneiSeyed AhmadMadaniBACKGROUND: The control of coccidiosis in poultry industryis dominated by prophylactic chemotherapy; however,drug resistance is a serious problem. Alternative control methodssuch as vaccination have been accepted as a practical method forcontrolling coccidiosis in chickens. Considering the immunologicalvariation of Eimeria strains, the efficacy of live coccidiosisvaccines may be compromised. OBJECTIVES:To evaluatethe efficacy of a commercial anticoccidial vaccine in poultry,vaccination was followed by experimental challenge with 3Eimeria field isolates. METHODS: The efficacy of Livacox® Qanticoccidial vaccine was evaluated on male broiler chicks,reared in battery cages. Different factors including weight gain,FCR, OPG (oocysts per gram of feces) and intestinal lesionscores were assessed. RESULTS: Vaccinated challenged groups(VC) gained less weight than the un-vaccinated un-challenged(UVUC) birds (p£0.05). Fourteen days post-challenge, theweight gain of VC groups challenged with isolate 2 differedsignificantly from its un-vaccinated challenged (UVC)counterpart; however, there were no significant differences inweight gain of groups challenged by isolates 1 and 3 with theirrespective UVC groups. Lesion score and FCR weresignificantly improved in VC groups comparing with theirassociated UVC groups (p£0.05). Lesion score and FCR weresignificantly improved in VC groups comparing with their UVCcounterparts (p|£|0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The present studysuggests that the use of live anticoccidial vaccine has thepotential for improving live weight gains and FCR; nonetheless,immunity to local Eimeria species should be evaluatedseparately and in trial designs it should be more approximate tothe actual field condition.anticoccidial vaccinecoccidiosisefficacypoultry Eimeria20150101249253https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_52483_2755973e02a7adca552372ea40aa0b39.pdf2015-01-0110.22059Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88942251-8894201584The evaluation of udder health status in Holstein dairy farms located in Qom provinceTayebehMahmoodi AfsahMehdiVojganiFaramarzGharagozlouVahidAkbarinejadBACKGROUND:Mastitis is the most economically importantdisease in dairy industry worldwide. Bulk tank milk (BTM)analysis has been suggested for monitoring the udder healthstatus at herd level. OBJECTIVES: A cross-sectional study wasconducted to evaluate udder health status in 15 Holstein dairyfarms located in Qom province. METHODS: Bulk tank somaticcell count (BTMSCC) was analyzed using opto-fluoroelectroniccounter. Standard plate count, preliminary incubationcount, laboratory pasteurized count, and the number ofenvironmental streptococci, S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae, S.uberis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, coagulase negative streptococci,S. aureus and C. bovis were determined using specific culturemedia. Moreover, clinical and subclinical mastitis were diagnosedusing physical examination and California mastitis test,respectively. RESULTS: Most herds had moderate to highBTMSCC and high bacterial counts. The prevalence of clinicaland subclinical mastitis was 1.3% and 24.7%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicated inefficient stallmanagement, udder hygiene, and milking practices in the herdsinvestigated.bulk tank milkdairy cowmastitis20150101255260https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_52484_89762f1c9754af5fe149e6852b1c636d.pdf2015-01-0110.22059Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88942251-8894201584Occurrence of parasitic protozoa in wild waterfowl in southern coastal Caspian sea lagoonsBaharShemshadiShahrokhRanjbar-BahadoriSinaFaghihzadeh-GorgiBACKGROUND: Protozoa are common in poultry and otherbirds and can cause mild to severe disease. OBJECTIVES: Thisstudy was concerned with the prevalence of parasitic protozoa inwild waterfowl in Caspian sea lagoons in the North of Iran.METHODS:Atotal of 293 waterfowl belonging to various generaincluding Tadorna tadorna (common shelduck),Aythya fuligula(Tufted duck), Aythya ferina (Common puchard), Spatulaclypeata (Shoveler), Anser anser (greylag goose), CygnusCygnus (Whooper Swan), Anas strepera (Gadwall), AnasPenelope (Eurasian Widgeon), Anas crecca (common teal), andAnas platyrhynchos (mallard) were sampled and tested forintestinal, tracheal, and blood protozoa between winter 2010 andspring 2011. RESULTS: The results showed that 184 birds of 293(62.8%) harbored protozoan parasites. The highest prevalence ofprotozoan contamination belonged to Giardia spp (24.2%) andthe lowest belonged to Haemoproteus spp. (6.1%). Thricomunasgallinea, Plasmodium spp., and Cryptosporidium spp. werefound in 7.2%, 8.2%, and 17% of waterfowl, respectively.Moreover, statistical analyses showed that the highest rate ofgiardiosis was in female Aythya fuligula (43.75%). However,tricomuniasis belonged to Anas crecca (30.5%). On the otherhand, female Cygnus cygnus had the highest rate ofcryptosporidiosis (44.7%), and more infection to Haemoproteusand Plasmodium spp. were observed in Anas platyrhynchos,concurrently. CONCLUSIONS: Migration of various species ofwaterfowl toward the northern parts of Iran has an importantimpact on parasitic diseases in birds and human in these regions.Caspian Seaparasitic protozoawaterfowl20150101261267https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_52485_39186201cf5013b5850a25daf231c486.pdf2015-01-0110.22059Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88942251-8894201584The effect of rumen protected methionine (RPMet) on milk composition of lactating Cashmere Rayeni goatMohamad NaserNazemMasoodSamiNasrinAskariBACKGROUND: Methionine has been suggested as the firstlimitingamino acid for milk production in ruminants. It is importanthow to increase milk protein yield and milk fat in dairy ruminants.OBJECTIVES: This study was set to investigate the effect of rumenprotected methionine (RPMet) on milk composition of lactatingCashmere Rayeni goats. METHODS: 40 healthy singletonCashmere Rayeni goats about 3 to 4 years of age, at the first day oflactation, were randomly divided into 2 equal control andexperimental groups. The experimental group was supplementedwith 5 gr/day RPMet for 60 days. Milk samples of 2 groups weretaken on 30th and 60th days of the study. Milk protein, milk fat, milklactose, and milk Solids-not-Fat (SNF) were determined usingautomatic analyzer. The results were statistically evaluated withSPSS. RESULTS: The supplementation with RPMet did not effectall of the above mentioned parameters during the 60 days of theexperiment (p>0.05), except for the milk fat percentage of theexperimental group which showed significant increase after 60days (pmilk compositionsRayeni Cashmere
goatRP Met20150101269274https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_52486_5105a52467ef6681cbee72225a32265e.pdf2015-01-0110.22059Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88942251-8894201584Ticks fauna of sheep and goats in some suburbs of Mazandaran province, Iranالههابراهیم زادهFatemePazhoomsedigheNabianParvizShayanAminBakhshaniBACKGROUND:Ticks are obligatory blood sucking arthropodsthat can transmit important pathogens. OBJECTIVES: Thedistribution and diversity of ticks fauna were last studied in the northof Iran in 2007. Mazandaran province has a humid climate, whichis favourable to animal husbandry such as sheep breeding. Due tohumid climate, the likelihood of exposure to tick infestation isincreasing. The aim of this study was to determine the ticks founa ofsheep and goats that grazed on the outskirts of mazandaran in 2012.METHODS: During the first 7 months of 2012, a total of 1190 tickspecimens were collected from the whole body of sheep and goatsfrom 23 different points of Mazandaran province. Adult male tickswere identified under a stereomicroscope, according to theidentification keys. RESULTS: The identified tick specimensbelonged to six Genus and 11 species, including Rhipicephalusturanicus (47%), Rhipicephalus bursa (24.6%), Haemaphysalispunctata (17.16%), Rhipicephalus sanguineus (4%), Haemaphysalisconcina (3%), Haemaphysalis parva (1%), Hyalommamarginatum (1%), Hyalomma anatolicum (0.6%), Dermacentormarginatus (0.6%), Ixodes ricinus (0.5%), and Boophilus(Rhipicephalus) annulatus (0.3%). Rh. turanicus was the mostabundant tick. CONCLUSIONS: Due to climate change, regularmonitoring of distribution patterns of ticks is an important concernto control the ticks and tick-borne diseases.ixodidaesheepticks fauna20150101275279https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_52487_e7809dcf651f6be6e58f6138ebebd227.pdf2015-01-0110.22059Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88942251-8894201584Ahistological study of the corneosclera layer (Fibrous tunic) of ostrich (Struthio camelus)Foroogh SadatMansooriHamidRoshaniBACKGROUND: The Ostrich is an interesting subject concerninganimal evolution and morphology studies. It has been speculatedthat ostrich eyes would have distinct tissue structures and this hasnot been previously studied in detail. OBJECTIVES: The aim of thepresent study was to investigate the histology of the outer layer ofthe ostrich. METHODS: Ten mature ostriches were chosen from anostrich breeding center in Jupar, Kerman, Iran. All of them were ina good shape and healthy condition. After slaughter, their headswere kept in 10 % formalin solution for 7 days and then the eyes wereremoved. Routine histological techniques were done and 6-μmthicksections were cut. Sections were stained with standardhematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome and PAS.The sections were studied under a light microscope. RESULTS:Thecornea of ostrich had both dermal and sclera components and thetwo distinct parts were separated by a distinct zone; in addition, thesclera was divided into an episclera zone and a sclera proper zone.CONCLUSIONS: The outer layer of the episclera composed ofconnective fibers loosely attached to the sclera proper. The innerlayer of the sclera consisted of dense connective tissues with twocartilaginous parts continuing over the oraserrata that composeddense connective fibers and ossicles.corneaHistologyOstrichsclera20150101281285https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_52488_04c0e43bc07ae7fb1834ed24c0a1d2ea.pdf2015-01-0110.22059Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88942251-8894201584Prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors for ovine tick infestation in two districts of Semnan areaEmadChangiziBACKGROUND: Ticks are the most important vectors whichtransmit several arthropod-borne diseases such as theileriosis,babesiosis, and anaplasmosis. OBJECTIVES: An epidemiologicalstudy was conducted in Semnan area to determine thecurrent situation of tick infestation in sheep and assess theefficacy of usage of CIS-cypermethrin against tick infestationunder field condition. METHODES: Sampling was done monthlyon 5% of a sheep herd in a population of 1000 sheep for one year.Ticks were collected, counted, and diagnosed. RESULTS: Ticksspecies affecting sheep were Hyalomma marginatummarginatumin winter quarters and in summer pasture; Dermacentormarginatus and D. raskemensis were the prominent ticks. In themiddle of autumn and during the winter, no ticks were detectedfrom the animals. The preferred sites of tick attachment toinfested animals were perineal region and ears in winter quarters;however, in the summer pastures, the ticks were found only underthe neck area and on the sternum. There was a significantdifference between the numbers of male ticks on ewe and lamb;however, these phenomena were not recorded for female ticks.In this regard, CIS-cypermethrin deeping treatment reduced therate of infestion (almost 100%) after one day of treatment.Nonetheless, in the next sampling after 4 weeks, the rate ofinfestation increased again and reached 50%. CONCLUSIONS:Inorder to control the tick infestation, it is recommended thatspraying be done monthly on the infected areas.Dermacentor marginatusD.
raskemensisHyalomma marginatum
marginatumtick20150101287292https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_52489_d6dba05ed8dce9b88967a0d0ee118ca4.pdf2015-01-0110.22059Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88942251-8894201584Pneumonic pasteurellosis in a goatFaez FirdausAbdullahAbdulnasirTijjaniLawanAdamuEricTeik ChungYusufAbbaKontoMohammedAbdulSahareeAbdulHaronM.A.SadiqA.M.L.MohdA3-year-old goat weighing 40 kg was presented to the LargeAnimal Unit, University Veterinary Hospital, Universiti PutraMalaysia with complains of in appetence, lateral recumbency,and weakness. Physical examination findings were pyrexia,tachycardia, tachypnea, and pale mucous membrane. Harsh andcrackles lung sound was noticed upon auscultation. The case wastentatively diagnosed as pneumonic pasteurellosis, and the goatwas treated with broad spectrum antibiotic, non-steroidal antiinflammatorydrug (NSAID), and fluid therapy. The prognosisof this case was guarded and the goat died on day afterhospitalization and post mortem examination was carried out.Samples were taken from the lungs, heart, and pericardial fluidfor bacterial isolation and identification. The post mortemfindings were consolidations of the left and right craniolaterallung lobes, frothy exudates along the trachea, bronchi and the cutsurface of the lungs and presence of straw-colored pericardialfluid. The bacterial culture yielded Pasteurella multocidagrowth from all the samples. Based on the clinical signs, postmortem findings, and bacteriology result, this case was finallydiagnosed as pneumonic pasteurellosis.GoatPasteurella multocidapneumonic Pasteurellosis20150101293296https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_52490_6b60fd8ce0f22117820bee7a319de4fb.pdf