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What is the meaning of Surplus value? Concept, Definition of Surplus value

Definition of Surplus Value

1. Concept of surplus value

Surplus or surplus value is the value that work unpaid to the employee
creates above the value of its work force, and that the capitalist
appropriates for free. It is the specific form
that acquires the plusproducto under the capitalist mode of production
and forms the basis of capitalist accumulation.
This concept and definition was developed by Karl Marx from the
criticism to the preceding classical economists that had already
enunciated it albeit in incomplete as Adam Smith and David Ricardo.
It is worth remembering that Marx says specifically, in articles he
published, the concept "surplus" takes it's Ricardo, who develops to a
certain extent the value theory, giving it that name. Ricardo takes as a starting point the concept of value discussed by Adam Smith. The
latter is the first known economist, so define it, posed by the concept
of "value" which is the basis of the added value or surplus-value and
Ricardo criticized Smith is the first to develop it in a systematic way.
But Marx introduces for the first time
the distinction between labour force and labour, which lets you
effectively explain the added value and complete theory of the value,
previous economists had not achieved.
The surplus-value is a concept that is inextricably linked to the
theory of the value and is central to the description what it does under
capitalism exploitation. These concepts are defined and used mainly in the capital and in Books II and III of the Grundrisse.
According to the theory of the value, each merchandise contains a value
corresponding to the time socially necessary work required for their
produccion.2 in the case of a cabinet that includes the hours of labour
required to produce it and working hours that were required to produce
each of the goods involved in the process of production (nails, wood,
tools, etc). The distinction mentioned above
between workforce and work allows reveal that working hours are in fact
hours of employment of the workforce and salary value to produce the
workforce, not the "value of work" done by the trabajador.3 being a
commodity strength work, its value can also be measured as necessary for
replacementi.e., necessary so that worker - its
future replacements - exist - and can reproduce itself - as well as for
each new day to return to work.

2. Definition of surplus value

The added value is a word that is used in our language to indicate the
growth has experienced in its value a thing and at the same external
causes. The House of my parents suffered a
capital gain since the Palermo district became a very profitable also
commercial and gastronomic pole and then this came up the valuation of
the properties in the area.
Then, the succession of events, one thing outside events, either make
them suffer from an increase in its value and therefore the intention of
the people for wanting to possess them. The newly offered property example is one of the best graphic concept which are often called also as surplus-value.
She is noteworthy, that the origin of this word dates back to two
centuries ago, in the 19th century and more precisely has been the
philosopher German, creator of Marxism, Karl Marx, who has coined and
diffused. According to the
ideology held by Marx surplus value consisted of the accumulation of
money perpetrated by the capitalist class thanks to the effort
appropriately the worker. Because the worker
receives a certain salary as payment for the activity that develops, but
of course, there is an additional value, above, that the employee works
is not paid and that ends it perceiving is the owner of the means of
production, the capitalist, in terms of Marxist ideology.
Marx considered that each product corresponds to a value that will be
in close association with a time of work necessary to be able to be
produced. Meanwhile, the labour force is
understood by Marx as a product whose price will be linked to the
worker's need to live with dignity.
Now, if an employee only working five hours a day get to meet own needs
and those of your environment, but your employer does work ten hours,
then, there will be five hours that make up the goodwill of the
employer, who exactly owns them is, uses them for his own benefit and
thus continues to increase its capital. To put it more clearly, the appreciation is smooth and simply a holding in the eyes of Marxism.
Two synonyms more we use instead of this concept which is worth
mentioning does not use so frequent in the language are the increase and
valuation.

3. Definition of surplus value

The dictionary of the Real Academia Española (RAE) presents the added
value as the increase in the value of an object or thing for reasons
extrinsic to them. The concept, also known by the name of surplus-value, was developed by the German Karl Marx (1818-1883).
Marx believed that the added value consists of the value generated by
the worker who perceives a salary for his work above the money that
represents your work effort. This value, which could be defined as work not paid to the worker, is in the hands of the capitalist. The added value, therefore, the basis of capitalist accumulation.
To understand the notion of surplus value, should understand that each
merchandise corresponds to a price that relates to time socially
necessary work for their production. The
labour force is also considered by Marxism as a commodity whose value
is linked to what is necessary so that the worker can survive and
reproduce. For example:
If the worker needs to work four hours a day to satisfy basic needs and
their family, and their working day is nine hours a day, the capitalist
will be taking over the capital gains generated in five hours. This value is a new and additional (a surplus), since it was not part of any other component of the production process. This appropriation of the surplus value is the exploitation of capitalism. For
Marx, the capitalist can increase the level of exploitation by means of
the absolute surplus value maximization (starting from extending the
workday) or of surplus value relative to (cut the value of the labour
force).

Article Title:

What is the meaning of Surplus value? Concept, Definition of Surplus value