These interviews, gathered from a number of different interview series, focus on southern politics and politicians after World War II.
Discussions with political leaders, journalists, political scientists, and civil rights leaders reveal the complex political, and personal,
machinations that animated southern politics in an era of vast change. Black southerners who marched against Jim Crow law and
became congress people tell their stories from the ground up; white politicians who resisted the civil rights movement tell theirs from
the top down. This collection asks and answers questions about the participation of women and African Americans in southern life and
politics, the rise of the Republican Party in the South, and the intersection of mundane political maneuvering and the struggle for the
region's future.

Lindy Boggs, January 31, 1974. Interview A-0082.
A Congresswoman from Louisiana Discusses the Evolution of Louisiana Politics since the 1930s:
Louisiana Congresswoman Lindy Boggs discusses changes in Louisiana politics dating back to the 1930s, when she participated in the People's League, and through the 1950s and 1960s, which saw the gradual elimination of the "race issue" in politics. Boggs offers her thoughts on the nature of the Louisiana congressional delegation, the role of the South in Congress, and the impact of the women's movement on Congress during the 1970s.Interviewee:Lindy BoggsInterviewer:Jack Bass, Walter DeVriesDuration: 00:42:27
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

21.

Andrew Young, January 31, 1974. Interview A-0080.
An African American Congressman from Georgia Remembers Changing Race Relations During the Civil Rights Movement:
Andrew Young, the first African American congressman from Georgia since Reconstruction, describes his involvement in the early civil rights movement. After dedicating much time and energy to voter registration drives as a minister in Georgia, Young later entered politics and was first elected to Congress in 1972. Young cites the Voting Rights Act of 1965 as the decisive turning point in race relations and argues that it was this access to political power that allowed African Americans to bring to fruition other advances they had made in education, business, and social standing.Interviewee:Andrew YoungInterviewer:Jack Bass, Walter DeVriesDuration: 00:42:21
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.

Leslie W. Dunbar, December 18, 1978. Interview G-0075.
Former Director of the Southern Regional Council Describes His Role in the Civil Rights Movement:
Former executive director of the Southern Regional Council (SRC) Leslie Dunbar discusses his involvement in the civil rights movement, focusing on changes that occurred in the early 1960s. Dunbar describes the SRC as an organization dedicated to changing people's attitudes about race. He emphasizes the SRC's attempts to work with the federal government—particularly the Kennedy administration—and other civil rights organizations, especially in the Voter Education Program.Interviewee:Leslie W. DunbarInterviewer:Jacquelyn Hall, Helen BreslerDuration: 03:34:07
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.

24.

Anne Barnes, January 30, 1989. Interview C-0049.
Overcoming the Barriers: One Woman's Fight against Racial and Gender Stereotypes in North Carolina's Political System:
From 1981 to 1996, Anne Barnes sat in the North Carolina House of Representatives for Orange County. While there, she focused on issues of social justice, especially poverty, education, prison reform, civil rights and women's rights. In this 1989 interview, she explains her motivations to become involved in the political arena and discusses some of the political campaigns she has been associated with, including her own.Interviewee:Anne BarnesInterviewer:Kathryn NasstromDuration: 01:28:33
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.

William Gordon, January 19, 1991. Interview A-0364.
An African American Journalist Describes His Views on Segregation and Race Relations in the South:
African American journalist William Gordon recalls growing up in the rural South in the 1920s and 1930s. He describes his relationship with civil rights advocates such as Ralph McGill and Herman Talmadge, and explains his perspective on changing race relations and the fall of Jim Crow segregation.Interviewee:William GordonInterviewer:John EgertonDuration: 01:24:03
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.

27.

Clark Foreman, November 16, 1974. Interview B-0003.
Civil Rights Advocate Discusses his Work with the Roosevelt Administration and Civil Rights Organizations:
Clark Foreman worked in the Atlanta Commission on Interracial Cooperation, the Roosevelt Administration, and the Southern Conference for Human Welfare from the 1920s through the 1940s. This interview traces his efforts to provide equal social services and political rights for African Americans through these organizations and explains how he developed these goals. He also discusses his travels in Europe, his work with Black Mountain College and organized labor, and his criticism of the Red Scare.Interviewee:Clark ForemanInterviewer:Jacquelyn Hall, William FingerDuration: 04:55:32
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 17 excerpts.

Moon Landrieu, January 10-11, 1974. Interview A-0089.
New Orleans Mayor Moon Landrieu Surveys the Changing Political Landscape:
New Orleans Mayor Moon Landrieu describes the changing political landscape of the Crescent City following World War II through his tenure as mayor in the 1970s. Stressing the importance of voter registration and the appointment of African American public officials, Landrieu emphasizes the role of political leadership in effecting real change in New Orleans race relations during the long years of the civil rights movement.Interviewee:Moon LandrieuInterviewer:Jack Bass, Walter DeVriesDuration: 01:23:13
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

31.

Isabella Cannon, Spring 1993. Interview G-0188.
First Woman Mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina, Commemorates the City's Bicentennial:
Isabella Cannon was the first woman mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina. Elected in 1977, at the age of 73, the "old lady who wore tennis shoes" was a staunch advocate for community growth and revitalization. During her tenure, she worked to push through the Long Range Comprehensive Plan, to reconcile tensions between the city and the police and fire departments, strengthen the relationship between the city and the state, and to revitalize the downtown area.Interviewee:Isabella CannonInterviewer:Jim ClarkDuration: 01:22:54
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.

Calvin Kytle, January 19, 1991. Interview A-0365.
Southern Husband and Wife Discuss the Issues and Leaders of Civil Rights in Georgia Following World War II:
Calvin and Elizabeth Kytle, both born and raised in the South, held liberal views on race issues and supported civil rights. Here, they describe their perceptions of race problems and their thoughts on the actions of various leaders and politicians, ranging from pro-segregationists to racial moderates to civil rights activists.Interviewee:Calvin KytleInterviewer:John EgertonDuration: 01:18:52
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

Virginia Foster Durr, October 16, 1975. Interview G-0023-3.
Virginia Foster Durr on the Southern Response to the New Deal:
This is the final interview in a series of three with Virginia Foster Durr. Since the previous session, Clifford Durr had died, making the interview feel very different from the two in which he had taken part. The interview begins with Durr's growing awareness of racial matters and her activism during their life among the New Dealers in Washington, D.C. Among the topics she touches on are the anti-communism of the 1950s, sexual discrimination on Capitol Hill, and the southern reaction to Roosevelt's New Deal policies.Interviewee:Virginia Foster DurrInterviewer:Sue ThrasherDuration: 11:40:12
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 41 excerpts.

37.

John Ivey, July 21, 1990. Interview A-0360.
Southern Sociologist Describes the Southern Regional Education Board:
John Ivey received his doctoral degree in sociology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1944. He and his wife, Melville Corbett Ivey, describe their interaction with such leading figures as Howard Odum, Rupert Vance, and Frank Porter Graham. After a brief sojourn working for the Tennessee Valley Authority, Ivey became the director of the Southern Regional Education Board, where he advocated for the desegregation of public schools in the South.Interviewee:John IveyInterviewer:John EgertonDuration: 01:30:56
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.

Daniel Duke, August 22, 1990. Interview A-0366.
Southern Jurist Describes Legal Struggle Against the Ku Klux Klan and Georgia Politics During the 1930s and 1940s:
Daniel Duke was born in Palmetto, Georgia, in 1915 and became a lawyer during the 1930s. As the solicitor general of Fulton County in the late 1930s and early 1940s, Duke presided over a case against the Ku Klux Klan and their use of flogging as a terror tactic against both African Americans and whites.Interviewee:Daniel DukeInterviewer:John EgertonDuration: 01:34:22
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.

Sidney S. McMath, September 8, 1990. Interview A-0352.
Arkansas Governor Describes His Liberal Political View of the 1940s and 1950s:
Sid McMath was the governor of Arkansas from 1949 to 1953. A staunch liberal Democrat, McMath advocated for the inclusion of African Americans in the Democratic Party and in higher education, challenged the patriarchal control of the power companies over the state, and improved infrastructure. Here, he describes his perception of the Dixiecrat revolt of 1948 and his belief that federal intervention was necessary to end Jim Crow segregation in the South.Interviewee:Sidney S. McMathInterviewer:John EgertonDuration: 00:44:47
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.

43.

Strom Thurmond, July 20, 1978. Interview A-0334.
How Strom Thurmond Learned Hard Work and Politics in South Carolina:
Strom Thurmond discusses his childhood and the people who inspired his long political career. As an attorney, judge, and governor, Thurmond advocated for states' rights and witnessed the desegregation of South Carolina. He recounts how he lived out his values in regard to the United States Constitution and race relations.Interviewee:Strom ThurmondInterviewer:James G. BanksDuration: 02:38:24
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 12 excerpts.

44.

Lloyd E. Griffin, August 20, 1982. Interview C-0135.
North Carolina Lawyer Describes His Views on the North Carolina Citizens Association and on the Leadership of B. Everett Jordan:
Lloyd Griffin was a lawyer who was born and raised in Belvedere, North Carolina. Following his service in World War I, Griffin returned to North Carolina and became involved in state politics. He describes his involvement in the North Carolina Citizens Association and his perception of North Carolina politics, focusing specifically on the leadership of B. Everett Jordan.Interviewee:Lloyd E. GriffinInterviewer:Ben BullaDuration: 01:06:25
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.

45.

Horace Kornegay, January 11, 1989. Interview C-0165.
North Carolina Democratic Congressman Describes State Politics in the 1960s:
Horace Kornegay was born and raised in North Carolina. He practiced law and became involved in local and state politics during the 1950s. In 1960, Kornegay was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives, where he worked closely with North Carolina Senator B. Everett Jordan to promote the interests of North Carolina textiles, tobacco, and furniture industries.Interviewee:Horace KornegayInterviewer:Ben BullaDuration: 01:40:56
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

46.

Nancy Palm, December 16, 1974. Interview A-0194.
Republican County Chairperson Describes the Evolution of the Republican Party in Texas:
Nancy Palm was the chairperson of the Republican Party in Harris County, Texas, during the 1960s and 1970s. She describes her own transition from liberal to conservative in the 1950s, the importance of political organization to the evolution of the Republican Party in Texas, her perception of women's liberation, and the role of such politicians as John G. Tower, John Connally, George Bush, and Richard Nixon in the rise of southern conservatism.Interviewee:Nancy PalmInterviewer:Jack Bass, Walter DeVriesDuration: 00:58:08
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

Zeno Ponder, March 22, 1974. Interview A-0326.
Rebuilding the Democratic Party in the North Carolina Mountains:
Zeno Ponder is one of the most respected and influential leaders of Madison County, North Carolina. This interview begins with his descriptions of his family's activities in the area and local political traditions. Ponder briefly describes his experiences at local schools, including Mars Hill College. Ponder became involved in local politics through a training program and his brother's campaign for sheriff.Interviewee:Zeno PonderInterviewer:William FingerDuration: 02:07:02
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 18 excerpts.

49.

Grace Jemison Rohrer, March 16, 1989. Interview C-0069.
An Interview with North Carolina's First Woman in a State Cabinet-Level Position:
The first woman to serve in a cabinet-level position in North Carolina, Grace Jemison Rohrer first became involved in politics in the 1960s, organizing the Republican Party in Forsyth County, North Carolina. Rohrer later joined forces with Democratic women in order to establish the North Carolina Women's Political Caucus (NCWPC) in 1971. In 1973, Governor James Holshouser appointed her to serve as the Secretary of Cultural Resources. Throughout the 1970s, Rohrer advocated for women to have a more active role in politics, and she actively supported the Equal Rights Amendment.Interviewee:Grace Jemison RohrerInterviewer:Kathryn NasstromDuration: 01:30:36
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.

Martha C. McKay, June 13, 1989. Interview C-0076.
Women's Rights Activist Describes Her Involvement in the Democratic Party and the North Carolina Women's Political Caucus During the 1960s and 1970s:
Martha McKay was actively involved in student politics at the University of North Carolina before her graduation with a degree in economics in 1941. Here, McKay describes her active involvement in Terry Sanford's gubernatorial campaign, the Democratic Party, and the women's rights movement during the 1960s and 1970s. She discusses her role as a founding member of the North Carolina Women's Political Caucus, the need for effective leadership and organization for women's rights, and the progress women have made in politics.Interviewee:Martha C. McKayInterviewer:Kathryn Nasstrom, Kathryn NasstromDuration: 01:54:07
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 8 excerpts.

53.

Martha C. McKay, March 29, 1974. Interview A-0324.
North Carolina Women's Rights Activist Describes the 1973 Defeat of the Equal Rights Amendment in the General Assembly:
Martha McKay, women's rights activist and Democratic Party member, describes the defeat of the Equal Rights Amendment in the North Carolina General Assembly in 1973. Focusing on the role of the North Carolina Women's Political Caucus (NCWPC) in lobbying for ratification of the amendment, McKay describes how the opposition successfully organized to defeat the amendment and how that defeat affected the NCWPC.Interviewee:Martha C. McKayInterviewer:Belinda RiggsbeeDuration: 00:47:05
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

54.

Harvey B. Gantt, January 6, 1986. Interview C-0008.
Seizing the Success of the Civil Rights Movement:
Architect and politician Harvey Gantt describes his ascent from a childhood in segregated Charleston, South Carolina, to becoming the first black mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina. As a southerner, he sees the accomplishments of the civil rights movement as dramatic; as a member of the black middle class, he leans toward negotiation rather than revolt.Interviewee:Harvey B. GanttInterviewer:Lynn HaesslyDuration: 01:14:43
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 13 excerpts.

Howard Kester, July 22, 1974. Interview B-0007-1.
Southern Social Justice Activist Describes Views on Race, Labor, and Religion:
Howard Kester was a pacifist and social reformer in the South from the early 1920s through the 1960s. In this interview, he focuses on his adherence to pacifism, Christianity, the Social Gospel, and Socialism. He describes his work to end injustices associated with race and labor, and assesses the work of prominent social justice leaders in the South during the 1920s and 1930s.Interviewee:Howard KesterInterviewer:Jacquelyn Hall, William FingerDuration: 02:58:02
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 10 excerpts.

Isabella Cannon, June 27, 1989. Interview C-0062.
First Female Mayor of Raleigh Remembers Her Community Activism and Her Accomplishments in Office:
Elected in 1977 at the age of 73, Isabella Cannon was the first female mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina. In this interview, Cannon describes her involvement in the United Church of Christ, her support of the civil rights movement, and her advocacy for community revitalization and development. In addition, she recalls her major accomplishments as mayor and the challenges she faced in implementing her long-range comprehensive plan for the city.Interviewee:Isabella CannonInterviewer:Kathryn NasstromDuration: 01:32:30
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

Henry Ell Frye, February 18 and 26, 1992. Interview C-0091.
North Carolina Lawyer and Supreme Court Justice Discusses Race Relations and His Career:
Henry Frye grew up in a segregated farming community in North Carolina during the 1930s and 1940s before becoming a lawyer. He went on to become the first African American elected to the North Carolina General Assembly and to serve on the state supreme court. In this interview, he describes race relations, his career as a lawyer, and his experiences in politics.Interviewee:Henry Ell FryeInterviewer:Amy E. BoeningDuration: 02:44:14
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 10 excerpts.

Alexander M. Rivera, February 1, 2002. Interview C-0298.
African American Photojournalist Describes His Coverage of the Civil Rights Movement (Part II):
African American photojournalist Alexander M. Rivera describes the civil rights movement and its aftermath. In particular, he describes some of his photographs, as well as the impact of the Brown decision (and the demise of legal segregation) on African American businesses and African American schools, including North Carolina Central College.Interviewee:Alexander M. RiveraInterviewer:Kieran TaylorDuration: 00:47:46
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 3 excerpts.

Wilbur Hobby, March 13, 1975. Interview E-0006.
Southern Tobacco Worker Describes His Involvement in the Labor Movement and Politics:
Wilbur Hobby describes growing up impoverished in Durham, North Carolina, during the Great Depression and his eventual involvement in the labor movement. Employed by the American Tobacco Company after World War II, he became an active member of the union and eventually became a leader in such organizations as the Voters for Better Government and the Committee on Political Education.Interviewee:Wilbur HobbyInterviewer:William FingerDuration: 01:28:53
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

71.

Ellen W. Gerber, February 18 and March 24, 1992. Interview C-0092.
Physical Educator Turned Lawyer Describes Women's Issues and Legal Service for the Poor in North Carolina:
Originally from Brooklyn, New York, Ellen Gerber received her doctorate in physical education and taught in northern colleges before attending the School of Law at the University of North Carolina during the mid-1970s. After her graduation, she accepted a job with Legal Aid. She describes her careers in physical education and law and discusses in detail her advocacy of women's issues.Interviewee:Ellen W. GerberInterviewer:Kristen L. GislasonDuration: 02:18:49
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.

Clay East, September 22, 1973. Interview E-0003.
Founding Member of the Southern Tenant Farmers Union Discusses Socialism and Organized Labor:
Clay East was a founding member of the Southern Tenant Farmers Union. In this interview, he describes life in Tyronza, Arkansas, during the 1920s and 1930s; his conversion to socialism; his observation of the problems of tenant farmers and sharecroppers; and his role in the formation of the union during the early 1930s.Interviewee:Clay EastInterviewer:Sue ThrasherDuration: 03:44:22
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 13 excerpts.

75.

Olive Stone, August 13, 1975. Interview G-0059-4.
Academic Woman Describes Personal and Professional Life and Her Work for Social Justice:
Sociologist Olive Stone describes her work as the dean of Huntingdon College from 1929 to 1934, her doctoral work at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from 1934 to 1936, and her work in radical politics and for social justice during the 1930s. In addition, Stone speaks at length about her life as a single woman, both professionally and socially.Interviewee:Olive StoneInterviewer:Sherna GluckDuration: 02:08:06
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.

Anne Queen, November 22, 1976. Interview G-0049-2.
Radicalism and the Changing Landscape of Student Politics:
Anne Queen, director of the YWCA-YMCA at University of North Carolina, discusses leftist student political groups at Chapel Hill during the 1950s and 1960s and the evolution of student activism into the 1970s. Additionally, she speaks more broadly about the role of radical politics in the South and offers her thoughts on the state of national politics at the time of the interview.Interviewee:Anne QueenInterviewer:Joseph A. HerzenbergDuration: 01:01:20
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

Sam Crawford, October 26, 1985. Interview K-0006.
Local Activist Describes the Formation and Activities of the Cane Creek Conservation Authority:
Sam Crawford describes the formation and activities of the Cane Creek Conservation Authority in their battle against the Orange Water and Sewer Authority's effort to build a reservoir on Cane Creek in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He focuses on the grassroots nature of the CCCA's actions and offers commentary about what he views as the exploitative nature of land development.Interviewee:Sam CrawfordInterviewer:Judith WheelerDuration: 02:05:20
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

82.

Richard H. Moore, August 2, 2002. Interview K-0598.
The Impact of Hurricane Floyd on North Carolina and the State's Response:
North Carolina State Treasurer and former Secretary of Crime Control and Public Safety Richard Moore describes the impact of Hurricane Floyd (1999) and the state government's response to the crisis. Moore describes the evolution of the Division of Emergency Management during his term and what he sees as its increasing effectiveness in responding to natural disasters.Interviewee:Richard H. MooreInterviewer:Leda HartmanDuration: 00:56:47
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.

Raymond Dawson, February 4, 1991. Interview L-0133.
Former Vice President of Academic Affairs Discusses Desegregation of North Carolina Colleges and Universities:
Former Vice President of Academic Affairs at the University of North Carolina, Raymond Dawson, discusses tensions surrounding federal desegregation orders in North Carolina during the 1970s. Because of North Carolina's comparatively large number of historically black colleges, the state became a testing ground for the federal government to explore ways to integrate public education while preserving historically black colleges.Interviewee:Raymond DawsonInterviewer:William LinkDuration: 00:46:25
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 2 excerpts.

88.

Terry Sanford, December 18, 1990. Interview L-0050.
Terry Sanford Discusses Civil Rights, Higher Education, and the Leadership of Anne Queen at the University of North Carolina:
Former governor of North Carolina Terry Sanford lauds the leadership of Anne Queen, director of the YMCA/YWCA at the University of North Carolina. In addition, Sanford discusses his advocacy of the civil rights movement and argues that UNC was a particularly powerful force for social change during the mid-twentieth century.Interviewee:Terry SanfordInterviewer:Cindy CheathamDuration: 00:30:41
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 3 excerpts.

89.

William C. Friday, November 19, 1990. Interview L-0144.
Former University of North Carolina President William Friday Discusses the Relationship Between State and University Politics:
Former president of the University of North Carolina System William Friday describes his relationship with and perception of his predecessors Frank Porter Graham and Gordon Gray. In addition, he describes various aspects of his own presidency, including his approach to desegregation and his relationships with a variety of individuals and organizations.Interviewee:William C. FridayInterviewer:William LinkDuration: 01:28:43
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

90.

William C. Friday, November 26, 1990. Interview L-0145.
University of North Carolina President William Friday Discusses the Speaker Ban Controversy of the 1960s:
President of the University of North Carolina System, William Friday, discusses the Speaker Ban controversy. The ban, enforced from 1963 to 1968, forbade any communist—or anyone who refused during a formal hearing to disavow allegiance to communism—to speak on campus. Throughout the interview, Friday focuses on issues of academic freedom, his efforts to have the law overturned, and the broader social unrest that characterized campus politics during that era.Interviewee:William C. FridayInterviewer:William LinkDuration: 01:21:57
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

91.

William C. Friday, December 3, 1990. Interview L-0147.
UNC President William Friday Discusses His Interactions with Various Presidential Administrations:
President of the University of North Carolina System William Friday discusses his interaction with American presidents from Herbert Hoover to George H. W. Bush. The bulk of the interview revolves around descriptions of Friday's work with Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon, and Jimmy Carter on issues of higher education.Interviewee:William C. FridayInterviewer:William LinkDuration: 02:05:06
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.

92.

David Breneman, May 10, 1991. Interview L-0122.
HEW Official Discusses Federal Criteria for Desegregation of Southern Universities and Colleges:
Economist David Breneman discusses his brief tenure with the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) in 1977. In this interview, Breneman describes his role in the establishment of federal criteria for school desegregation, focusing particularly on HEW's interactions with education officials in North Carolina.Interviewee:David BrenemanInterviewer:William LinkDuration: 00:53:58
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.

93.

Robert W. (Bob) Scott, April 4, 1990. Interview L-0193.
Former Governor of North Carolina Reflects on His Administration and the Consolidation of the University System:
Former Governor Robert W. Scott discusses the consolidation of the University system during his administration, focusing on the leadership of William Friday and Cameron West and the political maneuvering that characterized the process. In addition, he reflects on his accomplishments as governor, expressing pride in his ability to significantly reduce racial unrest during a tumultuous era.Interviewee:Robert W. (Bob) ScottInterviewer:William LinkDuration: 01:36:49
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

94.

Peter Holmes, April 18, 1991. Interview L-0168.
Former Director of the Office for Civil Rights Discusses Desegregation Policies for Higher Education During the 1970s:
Peter Holmes served as the Director of the Office for Civil Rights (OCR) from 1973 to 1975. In this interview, he discusses the challenges the OCR faced in developing and enforcing guidelines for the desegregation of higher education in southern states.Interviewee:Peter HolmesInterviewer:William LinkDuration: 01:08:23
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 5 excerpts.

95.

John Lewis, November 20, 1973. Interview A-0073.
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) Leader Describes His Role in the Civil Rights Movement:
John Lewis served as the chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) from 1963 to 1966. In this interview, Lewis outlines his role within the civil rights movement through his participation in the sit-in movement of 1960 in Nashville, the Freedom Rides through Alabama and Mississippi in 1961, the Mississippi Freedom Summer of 1964, the Selma voter registration drive in 1965, and the shift towards the politics of black power within SNCC by 1966. Throughout the interview, he situates the activities of SNCC within the civil rights movement more broadly, focusing on issues of leadership, religion, and politics.Interviewee:John LewisInterviewer:Jack Bass, Walter DeVriesDuration: 02:00:42
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 8 excerpts.

Martha W. Evans, June 26, 1974. Interview A-0318.
State Legislator Describes Charlotte, North Carolina, Politics in the 1960s and 1970s:
Martha W. Evans was already an active participant in Charlotte, North Carolina, politics when she was elected as a state legislator in 1962. In this interview, she describes local and state politics as they related to the great physical and economic growth Charlotte experienced from the late 1950s into the 1970s.Interviewee:Martha W. EvansInterviewer:Bill MoyeDuration: 01:06:05
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 6 excerpts.

Clarke Reed, April 2, 1974. Interview A-0113.
Mississippi State Republican Party Chairman Discusses the Growing Prominence of the South and the Republican Party in National Politics:
Clarke Reed became the state chairman of the Republican Party in Mississippi during the mid-1960s, thus overseeing the growing prominence of the Republican Party in the South and the burgeoning importance of the South in national politics into the mid-1970s. In this interview, he describes his own political philosophy in relationship to southern conservatism and his perception of various Republican political leaders.Interviewee:Clarke ReedInterviewer:Jack Bass, Walter DeVriesDuration: 01:35:36
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.

105.

L. M. Wright Jr., April 1, 1974. Interview A-0333-1.
A Newspaperman Discusses the Political Landscape in Charlotte, North Carolina, During the 1960s:
A writer and editor for the Charlotte Observer, L. M. Wright offers his insider's perspective on the changing political landscape of Charlotte, North Carolina, from the late 1950s into the early 1970s. Throughout the interview, Wright emphasizes the intersections of race, economics, and urban renewal in the consolidation of local politics.Interviewee:L. M. WrightInterviewer:Bill MoyeDuration: 01:26:07
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.

William I. Ward Jr., March 21, 1975. Interview B-0072.
Charter Commission Representative Discusses Attempt to Consolidate Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina:
William I. Ward Jr. served on the Charter Commission that created a proposal to consolidate Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, during the late 1960s and early 1970s. He describes the work of the Commission and opposition to consolidation in the northern part of the community.Interviewee:William I. WardInterviewer:Bill MoyeDuration: 00:51:07
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.

109.

Clifford Durr, December 29, 1974. Interview B-0017.
Lawyer and Activist Discusses Broadcast Regulation and the Red Scare:
Southern lawyer and activist Clifford Durr describes his work with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) during the 1940s. In particular, he focuses on federal efforts to regulate broadcast radio. He also discusses the impact of the burgeoning Red Scare on his work and his life. The House Committee on Un-American Activities subpoenaed him and his wife, Virginia Foster Durr, during the early 1950s.Interviewee:Clifford DurrInterviewer:Allen TullosDuration: 02:05:18
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.

Daniel H. Pollitt, November 27, 1990. Interview L-0064-1.
The Making of a Civil Liberties Lawyer: Family History and the Early Career of Daniel H. Pollitt:
This is the first interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt discusses his family history, his early legal career, his work in defending liberals against the House Un-American Activities Committee during the early McCarthy years, and his brief tenure as a law professor at the University of Arkansas.Interviewee:Daniel H. PollittInterviewer:Ann McCollDuration: 01:33:20
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.

Daniel H. Pollitt, February 15, 1991. Interview L-0064-4.
UNC Law Professor Discusses Race, Athletics, and Student Activism During the Late 1950s and 1960s:
This is the fourth interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt describes his role as the faculty advisor to the student NAACP in the recruitment of pioneering African American athletes at UNC. In addition, he discusses his involvement in student activism as a leader of the student YMCA-YWCA.Interviewee:Daniel H. PollittInterviewer:Ann McCollDuration: 00:55:32
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 3 excerpts.

116.

Daniel H. Pollitt, February 22, 1991. Interview L-0064-5.
Civil Liberties Lawyer Discusses the AAUP and Academic Freedom at UNC:
This is the fifth interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt describes his work the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) during the 1960s and 1970s, paying particular attention to his involvement in the cases of Michael Paull, a graduate student and teaching assistant in the English Department, and Moye Freymann, the founding director of the Carolina Population Center.Interviewee:Daniel H. PollittInterviewer:Ann McCollDuration: 00:57:19
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 2 excerpts.

Daniel H. Pollitt, April 5, 1991. Interview L-0064-7.
UNC Law Professor Discusses the Speaker Ban Controversy at University of North Carolina:
This is the seventh interview in a nine-part series of interviews with civil liberties lawyer Daniel H. Pollitt. In this interview, Pollitt describes the Speaker Ban controversy at the University of North Carolina during the mid-1960s, paying special attention to student, faculty, and administrative reactions to the ban.Interviewee:Daniel H. PollittInterviewer:Ann McCollDuration: 00:52:32
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 3 excerpts.

Billy E. Barnes, October 7, 2003. Interview O-0037.
Documentary Photographer Describes His Work with the North Carolina Fund:
Billy E. Barnes is a photographer who is known for his documentary work on racial and economic justice issues in the 1950s and 1960s. In this interview, Barnes discusses his work with the North Carolina Fund and the organization's efforts at breaking the cycle of poverty in North Carolina. He also offers descriptions of his photography of impoverished people in North Carolina.Interviewee:Billy E. BarnesInterviewer:Elizabeth GritterDuration: 02:32:00
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.

123.

James Folsom, December 28, 1974. Interview A-0319.
How a Southern Governor Opposed Racial Violence, Minority Rule, and Financial Waste in Alabama:
James Folsom served as the governor of Alabama for two terms in the 1940s, during which time he worked to change racial politics and improve the plight of black Americans. As governor, he opposed the poll tax, appealed for reapportionment of state funding, and avoided campaign slogans and gimmicks based on racist rhetoric. He describes how he developed liberal ideas on race and why he believed that race was no longer a viable political issue in the South.Interviewee:James FolsomInterviewer:Allen Tullos, Candace WaidDuration: 01:48:40
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 4 excerpts.

John Seigenthaler, December 24 and 26, 1974. Interview A-0330.
Southern Journalist Discusses His Path from Investigative Journalist to His Position in the Kennedy Administration:
Investigative reporter John Seigenthaler discusses his early career as a journalist at The Tennessean of Nashville during the 1950s, his work with Robert F. Kennedy during the 1960s, and his role as the editor of The Tennessean into the mid-1960s. Seigenthaler focuses on the unique nature of southern journalism and the homogenization of southern culture during the 1960s and 1970s.Interviewee:John SeigenthalerInterviewer:William Finger, Jim TramelDuration: 03:55:39
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 9 excerpts.

Ted Fillette, April 11, 2006. Interview U-0186.
Southern Lawyer Advocates for Tenants and Welfare Rights in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina:
This is the second interview in a two-part series with southern lawyer Ted Fillette of the Legal Aid Society of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. In this interview, Fillette focuses on his work as a legal advocate of tenant and welfare rights from the 1970s into the early twenty-first century. Throughout, he discusses the legal and political measures taken to ameliorate housing conditions for low-income tenants and to ensure that low-income people have access to social welfare services.Interviewee:Ted FilletteInterviewer:Sarah ThuesenDuration: 02:03:08
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 7 excerpts.

Pat Cusick, June 19, 1989. Interview L-0043.
Civil Rights Activism in Chapel Hill, North Carolina:
Pat Cusick recalls his participation in the civil rights movement in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Imprisoned for his role in these demonstrations, he describes the formative impact his incarceration had in stirring up his radicalism, emboldening his support of nonviolent strategies, and connecting with other like-minded activists. Cusick also discusses coming to terms with his homosexuality.Interviewee:Pat CusickInterviewer:Pamela DeanDuration: 02:34:47
Annotated Excerpts:Listen to and read all 19 excerpts.