In this paper, the design of the single cuboids cavity model of cavity is on the basis of national defense works and human defense works design specifications, with which to get the distribution of blast load on the wall of typical cavity and the destroy model. In experiment, we added the mass of explosive until the construction is destroyed. Data of pressure-time curve of blast load and acceleration-time curve of the structure wall vibration are used to analyze the distribution of blast load and the destruction form of structure, and to be the basis of further research on other kinds of underground cavity.