2010年10月22日 星期五

The Crimean War

The Crimean War (1853-1856)

﻿

The Siege of Sevastopool

﻿

Brief Introduction

The Charge of the Ligth Brigade

The Crimean War is a war fought between Russia and France, British Empire, Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1853 to 1856. The Crimean War﻿ takes place mostly at the Crimean Penisula, Bulkan Penisula, Black Sea and others happened in Turkey which is the territory of the Ottoman Empire at that time. Russia lost at the end of the war, and the Treaty of Paris(28 February-30 March 1856) was made after the war. The Crimean War is said to be the first "modern warfare". Many new technology were first use in the war, as well as the weapons. The tectic also has great changes during the Crimean War.

Map of the Crimean War (Russian)

Countries Involved

France (Le Second Empire Francais)

Great Britain (British Empire)

Ottoman Empire (Devlet-i Aliyye-yi Osmâniyye)

Kingdom of Sardinia (Regno di Sardegna)

Russian Empire (Россійская Имперія)

Valley of the Shadow of Death
by Roger Fenton

﻿﻿﻿﻿﻿

﻿

Units Involved

France: 400,000

Great Britain: 250,000

Kingdom of Sardinia: 10,000

Russia: 1,200,000

Bulgaria volunteer: 7,000

The Causes of the War

Religion

One of the main cause of the Crimean War is religion conflict between the Eastern Orthodox Church in Russia and the Roman Catholic Church in France, as well as the Protestants in England. At first, Russia proposed to the Ottoman Empire to set up protaction area for the Eastern Orthodox Church in Turkey. However, the proposel was rejected by the Ottoman Empire. France and England also opposed the demand of the Russian Empire. As the result, the Russian Empire launched the invasion of the Ottoman Empire and the war eventually became the Crimean War.

The Thin Red Line, 93rd Highlanders

Expansion and Power

Another main causes of the Crimean War is the desire of power and expantion. At the time before the war broke out, the Ottoman Empire was already falling apart. The Russian Empire think of this as a good chance of expanding its territory as well as gaining more power, especially area like Bulkan Pennisula and the Meditteranian Sea (for these area were important to militery usage). France and Great Britain, however, strongly opposed the expansion of the Russian Empire. The Bulkan Pennisula and the Meditteranian Sea were important passage way for France and Britain to their colonies in Asia. Therefore, in order to protect their power and goods, the British Empire and France declared war to the Russian Empire.

The Consequences of the War

Russia

After the Crimean War, the Russian Empire suffered terrible loses. The Russian Empire start to fall apart after the Crimean War and can no longer join the competition between countries in Europe. The Russian Czar also witness theurge of improvement in technology.

Britsih Empire and France

Russian soldiers in the Battle of Zouaves

Both suffered terrible loses, but both were able to preserve their power in the Meditteranian Sea and Asia. Also, the Britsh Empire and France have demonstratd the important of technology and the need of industrial revolution in order to gain power.

Kingdom of Sardinia

The Kingdom of Sardinia start to gain power after the war, and eventually rule over Italy and built a mighty kingdom.

Armstrong Canon,

Ei Xi Bunker, Tainan County,

Taiwan

Roger Fenton, a famous war

photographer during the

Crimean War

Important Influences of the War

Telegram was first used in the war

Explosive shells was fisrt used in the war

Steam-power metal-made battleship was first used in war

Railroad was first used in transporting supplies in war

Industrial Revolution and the improvement of weaponry

The improvement of field hospital

Media and reporter first appearence in war

First appearence of trench war

French Battleship Le Napoleon, One of
the first steam-power battleship during
the Crimean War

Calvary was officially retired from the first line fighting

Florence Nightingale

French soldiers advancing toward the
Russian line

Reflection

Which main topic does this artifact relate to? In what way? This artifact is about the Crimean War from 1853-1856.

Why did you choose this artifact, and how much time did you spend on creating the artifact? I choose the Crimean War is because I am interesting in researching about war, and the Crimean War is the first modern war with many new technology. I spend about 3-4 hours on this artifact.

What understanding have you gained from the creation process of this artifact? I have learned about the Crimean War. I also learned that one of the key ways to win a war is "New Technology"

Does this artifact reflect your best work and ideas? Why or why not? Yes, I spend two days on this artifact, so I think I have done my best in creating this.