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The State, the Crisis of State Institutions, and Refugee Migration in the Horn of Africa: The Cases of Ethiopia, Sudan, and Somalia Paperback

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This book argues that refugee migration has not only resulted from the social (re) construction of the state as territorial sovereign entity but also from the (re) construction of the international states-system with all its injustices, inequalities, exploitation and uneven development within which Africa has seriously been marginalized. The refugee is an integral part of state and identity construction, the art of imagining and socially producing the state's territorial universal order. Thus, in order to understand the refugee crisis better it is imperative to understand the process of modern statecraft and the role it plays in the production of refugees and vice versa. In this process of modern statecraft, as the author argues, African countries have failed to (re) construct political communities based on unity and purpose. Instead they remain fragmented into different sub-national communities. Political leaders and elite have also not succeeded in creating new principles of political accountability, which correspond to their newly independent countries. In addition, postcolonial nationalist leaders have failed to create deeply rooted national identity over and above sub-national identities. The process of European-styled state building does not hold as a universal idea in Africa, and the institutions and structures of the existing postcolonial states have collapsed producing huge refugee flows. However, in order to understand contemporary politics in Africa, the prevailing crisis, and the resulting refugee migration more fully, this book argues that it would not be enough to focus only on the state per se since the post-colonial state is the result of complex factors and process, both precolonial, colonial and postcolonial-and involves the construction of political community, political accountability, national and sub-national identities, and the complex and never-ending process of statecraft.