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GENERIC(5) GENERIC(5)
<b>NAME</b>
generic - Postfix generic table format
<b>SYNOPSIS</b><b>postmap /etc/postfix/generic</b><b>postmap -q "</b><i>string</i><b>" /etc/postfix/generic</b><b>postmap -q - /etc/postfix/generic</b>&lt;<i>inputfile</i><b>DESCRIPTION</b>
The optional <a href="generic.5.html"><b>generic</b>(5)</a> table specifies an address mapping
that applies when mail is delivered. This is the opposite
of <a href="canonical.5.html"><b>canonical</b>(5)</a> mapping, which applies when mail is
received.
Typically, one would use the <a href="generic.5.html"><b>generic</b>(5)</a> table on a system
that does not have a valid Internet domain name and that
uses something like <i>localdomain.local</i> instead. The
<a href="generic.5.html"><b>generic</b>(5)</a> table is then used by the <a href="smtp.8.html"><b>smtp</b>(8)</a> client to
transform local mail addresses into valid Internet mail
addresses when mail has to be sent across the Internet.
See the EXAMPLE section at the end of this document.
The <a href="generic.5.html"><b>generic</b>(5)</a> mapping affects both message header
addresses (i.e. addresses that appear inside messages) and
message envelope addresses (for example, the addresses
that are used in SMTP protocol commands).
Normally, the <a href="generic.5.html"><b>generic</b>(5)</a> table is specified as a text file
that serves as input to the <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> command. The
result, an indexed file in <b>dbm</b> or <b>db</b> format, is used for
fast searching by the mail system. Execute the command
"<b>postmap /etc/postfix/generic</b>" to rebuild an indexed file
after changing the corresponding text file.
When the table is provided via other means such as NIS,
LDAP or SQL, the same lookups are done as for ordinary
indexed files.
Alternatively, the table can be provided as a regular-
expression map where patterns are given as regular expres-
sions, or lookups can be directed to TCP-based server. In
those case, the lookups are done in a slightly different
way as described below under "REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES"
or "TCP-BASED TABLES".
<b>CASE FOLDING</b>
The search string is folded to lowercase before database
lookup. As of Postfix 2.3, the search string is not case
folded with database types such as <a href="regexp_table.5.html">regexp</a>: or <a href="pcre_table.5.html">pcre</a>: whose
lookup fields can match both upper and lower case.
<b>TABLE FORMAT</b>
The input format for the <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> command is as follows:
<i>pattern result</i>
When <i>pattern</i> matches a mail address, replace it by
the corresponding <i>result</i>.
blank lines and comments
Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored,
as are lines whose first non-whitespace character
is a `#'.
multi-line text
A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A
line that starts with whitespace continues a logi-
cal line.
<b>TABLE SEARCH ORDER</b>
With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from
networked tables such as NIS, LDAP or SQL, patterns are
tried in the order as listed below:
<i>user</i>@<i>domain address</i>
Replace <i>user</i>@<i>domain</i> by <i>address</i>. This form has the
highest precedence.
<i>user address</i>
Replace <i>user</i>@<i>site</i> by <i>address</i> when <i>site</i> is equal to
$<b><a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a></b>, when <i>site</i> is listed in $<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a></b>,
or when it is listed in $<b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a></b> or
$<b><a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a></b>.
@<i>domain address</i>
Replace other addresses in <i>domain</i> by <i>address</i>. This
form has the lowest precedence.
<b>RESULT ADDRESS REWRITING</b>
The lookup result is subject to address rewriting:
<b>o</b> When the result has the form @<i>otherdomain</i>, the
result becomes the same <i>user</i> in <i>otherdomain</i>.
<b>o</b> When "<b><a href="postconf.5.html#append_at_myorigin">append_at_myorigin</a>=yes</b>", append "<b>@$<a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a></b>"
to addresses without "@domain".
<b>o</b> When "<b><a href="postconf.5.html#append_dot_mydomain">append_dot_mydomain</a>=yes</b>", append "<b>.$<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a></b>"
to addresses without ".domain".
<b>ADDRESS EXTENSION</b>
When a mail address localpart contains the optional recip-
ient delimiter (e.g., <i>user+foo</i>@<i>domain</i>), the lookup order
becomes: <i>user+foo</i>@<i>domain</i>, <i>user</i>@<i>domain</i>, <i>user+foo</i>, <i>user</i>, and
@<i>domain</i>.
The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#propagate_unmatched_extensions">propagate_unmatched_extensions</a></b> parameter controls
whether an unmatched address extension (<i>+foo</i>) is propa-
gated to the result of table lookup.
<b>REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES</b>
This section describes how the table lookups change when
the table is given in the form of regular expressions. For
a description of regular expression lookup table syntax,
see <a href="regexp_table.5.html"><b>regexp_table</b>(5)</a> or <a href="pcre_table.5.html"><b>pcre_table</b>(5)</a>.
Each pattern is a regular expression that is applied to
the entire address being looked up. Thus, <i>user@domain</i> mail
addresses are not broken up into their <i>user</i> and <i>@domain</i>
constituent parts, nor is <i>user+foo</i> broken up into <i>user</i> and
<i>foo</i>.
Patterns are applied in the order as specified in the ta-
ble, until a pattern is found that matches the search
string.
Results are the same as with indexed file lookups, with
the additional feature that parenthesized substrings from
the pattern can be interpolated as <b>$1</b>, <b>$2</b> and so on.
<b>TCP-BASED TABLES</b>
This section describes how the table lookups change when
lookups are directed to a TCP-based server. For a descrip-
tion of the TCP client/server lookup protocol, see <a href="tcp_table.5.html"><b>tcp_ta-</b></a><a href="tcp_table.5.html"><b>ble</b>(5)</a>. This feature is not available up to and including
Postfix version 2.4.
Each lookup operation uses the entire address once. Thus,
<i>user@domain</i> mail addresses are not broken up into their
<i>user</i> and <i>@domain</i> constituent parts, nor is <i>user+foo</i> broken
up into <i>user</i> and <i>foo</i>.
Results are the same as with indexed file lookups.
<b>EXAMPLE</b>
The following shows a generic mapping with an indexed
file. When mail is sent to a remote host via SMTP, this
replaces <i>his@localdomain.local</i> by his ISP mail address,
replaces <i>her@localdomain.local</i> by her ISP mail address,
and replaces other local addresses by his ISP account,
with an address extension of <i>+local</i> (this example assumes
that the ISP supports "+" style address extensions).
/etc/postfix/<a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>:
<a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_generic_maps">smtp_generic_maps</a> = hash:/etc/postfix/generic
/etc/postfix/generic:
his@localdomain.local hisaccount@hisisp.example
her@localdomain.local heraccount@herisp.example
@localdomain.local hisaccount+local@hisisp.example
Execute the command "<b>postmap /etc/postfix/generic</b>" when-
ever the table is changed. Instead of <b>hash</b>, some systems
use <b>dbm</b> database files. To find out what tables your sys-
tem supports use the command "<b>postconf -m</b>".
<b>BUGS</b>
The table format does not understand quoting conventions.
<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant.
The text below provides only a parameter summary. See
<a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for more details including examples.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_generic_maps">smtp_generic_maps</a></b>
Address mapping lookup table for envelope and
header sender and recipient addresses while deliv-
ering mail via SMTP.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#propagate_unmatched_extensions">propagate_unmatched_extensions</a></b>
A list of address rewriting or forwarding mecha-
nisms that propagate an address extension from the
original address to the result. Specify zero or
more of <b>canonical</b>, <b>virtual</b>, <b>alias</b>, <b>forward</b>,
<b>include</b>, or <b>generic</b>.
Other parameters of interest:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a></b>
The network interface addresses that this system
receives mail on. You need to stop and start Post-
fix when this parameter changes.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a></b>
Other interfaces that this machine receives mail on
by way of a proxy agent or network address transla-
tor.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a></b>
List of domains that this mail system considers
local.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a></b>
The domain that is appended to locally-posted mail.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#owner_request_special">owner_request_special</a></b>
Give special treatment to <b>owner-</b><i>xxx</i> and <i>xxx</i><b>-request</b>
addresses.
<b>SEE ALSO</b><a href="postmap.1.html">postmap(1)</a>, Postfix lookup table manager
<a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
<a href="smtp.8.html">smtp(8)</a>, Postfix SMTP client
<b>README FILES</b><a href="ADDRESS_REWRITING_README.html">ADDRESS_REWRITING_README</a>, address rewriting guide
<a href="DATABASE_README.html">DATABASE_README</a>, Postfix lookup table overview
<a href="STANDARD_CONFIGURATION_README.html">STANDARD_CONFIGURATION_README</a>, configuration examples
<b>LICENSE</b>
The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this
software.
<b>HISTORY</b>
A genericstable feature appears in the Sendmail MTA.
This feature is available in Postfix 2.2 and later.
<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
Wietse Venema
IBM T.J. Watson Research
P.O. Box 704
Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
GENERIC(5)
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