According to the EPA, 13 of the companies' ships violated air pollution regulations. The companies could be fined up to $27,500 per incident and could be ordered to install pollution control equipment or take other action.

Eric Elvejord, spokesman for Holland America, said the company will review its emissions records. Tom Dow, a spokesman for Princess Cruises, said his company takes the matter seriously and will also review its records.

The citations are the latest in a crackdown on cruise ship pollution in Alaska. Last year, a federal judge in Anchorage fined Royal Caribbean $6.5 million for dumping waste oil and other pollutants.