Téma doktorské práce: Studium emisních vlastností prachových zrn
Školitel: Prof. RNDr. Zdeněk Němeček, DrSc., KFPP MFF UK
Anotace doktorské práce:
Small dust grains represent an initial material for building of all macroscopic objects
in space. The grains are immersed in the interplanetary or interstellar plasma and
thus they are charged. Since resulting electrostatic forces usually exceed the gravity
and other forces, knowledge of the grain charge is principal for all estimations.
The dust grains gain/lose an electric charge by many processes. Among them, a group
of different kinds of emissions can be distinguished. Mechanisms of these processes
are more or less known for planar surfaces but the influence of a severe curvature
of dust surface or grain size was never studied in a systematic way.
The ultra-high vacuum chamber equipped with an electrodynamic quadrupole allows us
to trap a single dust grain and expose it to the electron and/or ion beam. Since
the oscillation frequency of the dust grain is proportional to its specific charge,
we can determine all basic characteristic of charging processes.
The study will be devoted to the measurements of equilibrium potentials of dust
grains from different materials and to the interpretation of results in frame
of present models. A development of a new model of the interaction of electrons
with the grain material is expected.

Nemec, F., O. Santolik, M. Parrot, J. J. Berthelier, Seismo-electromagnetic Effects Observed in the Upper Ionosphere: A Statistical Study, Results of the DEMETER Project and of the Recent Advances in the Seismo-Electromagnetic Effects and the Ionospheric Physics, Toulouse, June 14-16, 2006.

Nemec, F., O. Santolik, M. Parrot, J. J. Berthelier, Power Line Harmonic Radiation: A Statistical Study using DEMETER Spacecraft, Results of the DEMETER Project and of the Recent Advances in the Seismo-Electromagnetic Effects and the Ionospheric Physics, Toulouse, June 14-16, 2006.

Téma doktorské práce: The influence of magnetosheath parameters on the cusp-magnetopause interface
Školitel: Prof. RNDr. Jana Šafránková, DrSc., MFF UK
Anotace doktorské práce:
Magnetopause reconnection is one of the most important source of the plasma of a solar origin in the Earth's magnetosphere. During intervals of a southward oriented interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), reconnection occurs at the low-latitude subsolar magnetopause, whereas it moves to the cusp vicinity for northward and other IMF orientations. Since IMF lines are draped around the magnetopause and blown tailward with the magnetosheath flow, a permanent reconnection takes place at the cusp-magnetosheath boundary. Reconnection produces accelerated plasma populations that excite different kinds of plasma waves. As a result, the region adjacent to the magnetopause is highly turbulent and occupied by the heated magnetosheath-like plasma with a low drift velocity. This region is called turbulent boundary layer, stagnation region or exterior cusp in different papers and it seems to be a proper source of the cusp precipitation. As we noted, a position of the reconnection site moves in accordance with an actual IMF orientation. A change of the plasma flow direction suggests the presence of the vortex-like structure in the exterior cusp.
Despite an importance of high-latitude reconnection for magnetospheric physics, there are only a few papers dealing with this phenomenon. Due to well chosen orbits, the INTERBALL-1 and MAGION-4 spacecraft crossed the high-latitude magnetopause near the cusp about 40-times during each year and thus they collected a unique set of observations under various upstream plasma and IMF conditions.

Téma doktorské práce: Response of the magnetosphere to solar wind input
Školitel: Prof. RNDr. Jana Šafránková, DrSc., MFF UK
Anotace doktorské práce:
Geomagnetic storms and sudden changes of magnetospheric properties due to significant changes in solar wind conditions affect a wide variety of systems on the Earth and in orbit. For example, large geomagnetic storms can interrupt radio communications; increase pipeline and power grid currents and change high altitude atmospheric drag affecting low-altitude satellite orbits. Interplanetary pressure events, like interplanetary (IP) shocks compressing the magnetosphere, lead to sudden impulses that can have a high enough rate of ground magnetic field change producing an adverse amount of current in technological system. In developing an understanding how to accurately forecast the state of the Earth's magnetosphere, solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) measurements serve as the primary input parameters. Therefore, by using multiple solar wind inputs in self-consistent MHD fashion, we can predict the solar wind/IMF properties more accurately and thus more sofisticated and precise magnetospheric models can be developed, at least for the cases when the uncertainties in solar wind/IMF properties are the limiting factor in the prediction chain. However, this topic involves many different phenomena - a propagation and gradual evolution of different solar eruptive phenomena from inside 1 AU into the magnetosphere, related dynamics of magnetospheric boundaries (bow shock and magnetopause), their modification in the foreshock and magnetosheath, the penetration of charged particles through both boundaries, their accumulation in the magnetospheric tail, acceleration processes which create the hot magnetospheric population from the cold solar wind plasma, the starting mechanisms of geomagnetic storms, etc.

Dvořák, P., Plasma Depositin of Diamond-like Coating with Silicon Oxide Content,
International Networking of Young Scientists New Organometallics, Inorganicmetallics, Materials and Catalysis
British Council, 2004.

Stránský, M., Investigation of necessary conditions
for creation and preservation of helical structures in plasma,
in Proceedings of 20th Symposium on Plasma Physics
and Technology, 2002.

Stránský, M., Investigation of Necessary Conditions
for Creation and Preservation of Helical Structures in Plasma,
in Proceedings of Second International School "Plasma diagnostics
and Technology", 2002.

Stránský, M., Magnetohydrodymamic Models of Helical
Structures and Stabilizing Effects in Plasma, in Proceedings of
Third International Workshop and School "Plasma Physics,
Diagnostics and Plasma Related Applications", 2003.

Stránský, M., Comparison of drift current and MHD
plasma models, Proceedings of 21st Symposium on
Plasma Physics and Technology, 2004.

Stránský, M., Investigation of Necessary Conditions
for Creation and Preservation of Helical Structures in Plasma,
Second International School "Plasma diagnostics and Technology",
Kudowa Zdrój, Poland, June 4-8, 2002.

Stránský, M., Magnetohydrodymamic Models of Helical
Structures and Stabilizing Effects in Plasma, Third International
Workshop and School "Plasma Physics, Diagnostics and Plasma
Related Applications", Kudowa Zdrój, Poland, June 23-27, 2003.

Téma doktorské práce: Studium volného proudu termického plazmatu vytvářeného v plazmatronech s vodní stabilizací s využitím molekulárních spekter
Školitel: Doc. RNDr. Milan Hrabovský, CSc., ÚFP AV ČR
Konzultant: RNDr. Viktor Sember, CSc., ÚFP AV ČR
Anotace doktorské práce:
Aim of this work is to analyze spectroscopic measurements on thermal plasma jet generated by the torch with hybrid gas-water stabilization. Stabilization of the arc by water vortex and gas flow brings new type of plasma torch, which has not been studied sufficiently before. This type of stabilization also offers possibility of adjustment of plasma jet parameters in a wide range from high enthalpy, low density plasmas typical for liquid stabilized torches to low enthalpy, high density plasmas generated in gas stabilized torches. Main attention is devoted to the spectra in the fringes of the jet where lower temperature allows existence of more molecules than in the centre. Spectral measurements in this part of the jet can help in understanding features like entrainment of the ambient air and departures from thermodynamic equilibrium. Detailed knowledge of the plasma characteristics is important in several plasma processing technologies like plasma spraying, plasma cutting and treatment of waste materials.

Mašláni, A., Thermodynamic and transport properties
of thermal plasma generated by the torch with water stabilized arc,
in Proceedings of the Third International Workshop
and School "Plasma Physics, Diagnostics
and Plasma Related Applications", 351-354, 2003.

Mašláni, A., Thermodynamic and transport properties
of thermal plasma generated by the torch with water stabilized arc,
Third International Workshop and School "Plasma Physics,
Diagnostics and Plasma Related Applications", Kudowa Zdrój, Poland,
June 23-28, 2003.

Scholtz, V., Computer Evaluation of Interferograms,
in Proceedings of the 8th International Student Conference
on Electrical Engineering "POSTER 2004", 2004.

Scholtz, V., Growth Inhibition of Moulds by Corona Discharge,
in Proceedings of the 22nd Summer School and Internation
Symposium on the Physics of Ionized Gases, 2004.

Scholtz, V., Corona Discharge Influence on Micro-organisms,
in Proceedings of the 10th International Conference
and School on Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion & Adjoint
INTAS Strategic Workshop, 2004.

Pekárek, S., J. Khun, Gas flow effects on ozone
production by hollow needle to plate electrical discharge,
in Proceedings of the XVth International Conference
on Gas Discharges and their Applications, Volume 1, 509-512, 2004.

Krčma, F., Z. Stará, The Investigation of Chemical Processes
Initiated by the Diaphragm Discharge in Liquids, in Proceedings of
22nd Summer School and International Symposium on the Physics of
Ionized Gases, ed. by Ljupčo Hadžievski, Bajina Bašta, 601-604, 2004.
(ISBN 86-7306-063-6)

Stará, Z., F. Krčma, A Study of the Processes in the Diaphragm
Discharge in Water Solutions, in WDS'04 Proceedings of Contributed Papers:
Part II - Physics of Plasmas and Ionized Media, ed. by J. Šafránková,
Prague, Matfyzpress, 254-258, 2004. (ISBN 80-86732-32-0)

Stará, Z., F. Krčma, M. Nejezchleb, Solutions of Organic Compounds in the
Interaction With the DC Diaphragm Discharge, Proceedings of 23rd Summer School and
International Symposium on the Physics of Ionized Gases, Kopaonik, 463-466, 2006. (ISBN 86-82441-18-7)

Vrajová, J., F. Krčma, Z. Strýhal, Influence of the Atmospheric Air Plasma
on the Surface Energy of Paper, Proceedings of 23rd Summer School and International
Symposium on the Physics of Ionized Gases, Kapaonik, 471-474, 2006.
(ISBN 86-82441-18-7)

Vrajová, J., F. Krčma, Z. Strýhal, Influence of the Atmospheric Air Plasma on
the Surface Energy of Paper, 23rd Summer School and International Symposium on the
Physics of Ionized Gases, Kopaonik, Serbia, August 28 - September 1, 2006.

Téma doktorské práce: Computational Meshes for Treatment of Material Interfaces in Fluid Dynamics and Plasma Physics
Školitel: Doc. Ing. Richard Liska, CSc., KFE FJFI ČVUT
Školitel - specialista: Doc. Ing. Jiří Limpouch, CSc., KFE FJFI ČVUT
Anotace doktorské práce:
In recent years, several numerical methods for fluid dynamics
and plasma physics have been developed, utilizing Lagrangian
(i.e. moving) meshes. One of the basic issues is to maintain
an overall good mesh quality during the whole computation,
in order to preserve accuracy and corectness. It is obvious,
that geometry and/or topology of the mesh must be continuously
adjusted to the physical problem under study to achieve
good results. The aim of this dissertation is to develop
and present robust methods for improving and maintaining
of mesh quality in such computations. Special emphasis
will be laid on plasma instabilities which appear near material
interfaces (such as Rayleigh-Taylor, Richtmyer-Meshkov
or Kelvin-Helmholtz). Up to now, a set of algorithms
for untangling of Lagrangian meshes has been developed,
which will be used in the framework of Arbitrary
Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) plasma simulations.

Téma doktorské práce: Adaptivní zjemňování Lagrangeovských výpočetních sítí ve fyzice laserového plazmatu
Školitel: Doc. Ing. Richard Liska, CSc.
Školitel specialista: Doc. Ing. Jiří Limpouch, CSc.
Anotace doktorské práce: The AMR technique enables us to rapidly improve the local solution by introducing the local meshes; the memory and CPU time required are much smaller than with the classical approach. Although this approach has been well investigated in Eulerian coordinates, only few pioneering works has been done in the Lagrangian framework. One of the difficulties of the hydrodynamic Lagrangian solver is to design such a techniques to keep the conservativeness of the scheme. The aim is to investigate possibilities of implementation of 2D AMR Lagrangian scheme, either staggered or cell centered, with conseravtivity. The technique will enable us to acquire the hydrodynamic solutions with locally high accuracy.

Téma doktorské práce: Survey of Methods for Thermonuclear Pellets Ignition after their Pre-compression and Heating by High Power Lasers
Školitel: Doc. Ing. Milan Kalal, CSc., KFE FJFI ČVUT
Školitelspecialista: Dr. Mikhail L. Shmatov, Ioffe PTI (Russia)
Anotace doktorské práce: Development of sustainable energy source which would be both ecological and economical is among the highest priorities of this century. One such option is represented by laser driven Inertial Fusion. First serious proposals expected simultaneous ignition in the whole volume of highly compressed and heated pellet (Volume Ignition) later on modified to the Central Ignition concept. However, a detrimental influence of instabilities led in both cases to very stringent requirements for symmetry and uniformity of the pellet and the power of the driver. A development of petawatt (PW) lasers gave birth to the concept of Fast Ignition (FI). In FI compression and ignition steps are separated and performed by different sets of laser drivers with more realistic conditions. In the classical FI the target is pre-compressed and pre-heated by powerful lasers and subsequently ignited by PW fs laser. In this latter stage the energy necessary for local ignition is carried by fast electrons generated during the interaction (problems with e.g. insufficient return current preventing fast electrons to penetrate deep enough into the pre-compressed fuel) other variants were proposed using the stream of high energy ions (or protons) generated by the PW laser interaction with thin foils. However, a need of PW lasers makes realization of this concept also difficult for practical use (in particular when taking into consideration the required repetition rate of 5-10 Hz). Therefore a new variant of FI called the Impact Ignition was recently proposed using acceleration of neutral blocks of matter (DT impactor) by ns lasers. In this scheme a super-velocity impactor collides with a pre-compressed fusion fuel to trigger thermo-nuclear ignition. The aim of this dissertation is to study this method in detail to evaluate its chances for success.

Kalal, M., M. Martinkova, Practical Experience With FFT Based Analysis of Complex Interferograms, New Perspectives of Plasma Science and Technology, International Workshop for Students and Young Researchers, Brno, Czech Republic, October 23-25, 2007.