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Red is teWed~ing Cs-lor of th~e
Celestiab.
CHILDR% AR~E BET41=11M t:
of Queer Customkxi St.il
Observed in the
Far East.
Every man in China is expected and
expects to get married at a rather
early age, and it is not unusual for the!
young men in school to go home for a
week or ten days for this purpose and
then come back and resume their
work.
Frequently the boy is betrothed
while yet a mere baby and most of
them are married before they even see
their brides. In some cases, of course,
this leads to discontent and unhappi
ness, but the parents have seen and
made the choice, or if the parents are
dead, then the oldest member of the
family living has matters of this na
ture in charge.
On two occasions that have come
within my knowledge here the Chinese
have made prooositions of betrothals
of the foreigners. Of course they were
refused and in spite of any explana
tion made by the foreigners to the
effect that these matters were in the
handsof the individual concerned after
they became of age, the Chinese could
not fully understand it and felt hurt,
thinking that this was merely some
subterfuge to avoid granting their re-1
quest.
Here, as everywhere else, the mid
dIe man is the one through which all
arrangements are made and in this
way it is not unusual that the propo
sition is made by the girl's parents.
In fact nothing is thought of such
proceeding and it probably comes as
often that way as being made by the
boy's parents. On the occasion of the
completion of all the arrangements a
feast is given by the -young man and
all of his friends are invited in to re
joice with him.
The young man and his father and
friends are allowed to wear semi-oi
cial robes at this time and at the time
of the marriage.
This feast may sometimes be many
months or years before the actual mar
riage or it may in other cases be only
a very few months; this depends upon
the age at which the betrothal is
made.
Custom here is something that can
not be disrega e and it is a custom
for the ma send six things, usually
' ewelry of gold or silver, ac
crding to the wealth of the family.
Sometimes less expensive things may
be sent, but the number must be ob
served.
Following this comes the exchange
of their pohsz or eight characters,
telling of the year, month, day and
hour in which each was born; these
things each has its own signiticance
for they determine whether or not the
match will be a happy one or a fruit
ful one. Luckily combinations are al
ways sought after and the greatest
blessings are sure to follow when they
-are obtained. Some days before the
wedding little gifts, including a piece
of the wedding cake (about 9 inches
lbng, 5 inches wide and 1 inch thick,
made with rice ilour, with nuts and
fruits in it, very gummy) in a red
pasteb~oard box specially made for the
purpose, a small pewter can filled with
tea and a red paper bag containig
some watermellon seed, pine seed, two
*or three English walnuts and a num
her of other similar nuts that are Chi
nete. When this is brought in you
are expected to pay the bringer of it
about 10 per cent. of its value as his
tip, and be it said here that a larger
part of the pay of most of the servants
in large families comes from the tips
given by guests, and the reputation of
that Chinese that does not do it is at
the mercy of the servants. Foreigners
are not held strictly to this rule as
most of them have thrown this off in
the very beginning of their intercourse
*with the Chinese.
Soon after the present comes you
-may expect an invitation, also on red
*paper and in a red envelope, addressed
t) you as "great old father," which is
the most honorable title they can give
you. Now presents are in order and
they pour in thick and fast up until
the very last day before the wedding,
after that time it is not considered
good taste to send them- The pres
ents range about as they would in
America, but in some cases the money
is given, and you must give at least
one dollar, and it should be wrapped
in red paper. Money is not given as a
rule to the more wealthy couples, but
it does come in very conveniently in
cases of the less well-to-do in Chinese
soeiety circles. The bride's father
often makes very extensive prepara
tions for the wardrobe of his daughter
*and even at times furnished much of
Ithe lighter household furniture: this
usually comes to the groom's house a
day or two before the marriage. The
-bride's dress is provided by the groom
and she sends him his hat and shoes
for this special occasion.
At last the day has arrived and all
is stir and bustle in the groom's home
for all day long and most of the night
there will be feasting and revelry
there. At noon or before the guests
begin to come anid they continue until
late in the evening. From about 12
o'clock until 3 in the afternoon little
-groups of guests are served about in
the different little reception rooms to
dinner of 20 or 25 courses, so, of
course, trains of servants are all of the
time pouring back and forth through
the house.
At 5.30 p. in., the bride is to arrive
so the chair is sent out from the
-groom's home in time to go to her
home and return by the appointed
hour. The chair is a large red one
decorated Iwith mirrors, tinsel and
gilded wood and is closed tight so as to1
prevent Ethe curious eyes along the
street from gazing into it, and it is ac
companied by a lot of loafers and beg
gars who have donned a red conical cap
for the occasion and who bear boards
with Chinese characters on them,
- umbrellas covered with red, large
brass gongs, etc. A lot of small boys
also arrayed in red in honor of the oc
casion are the music makers and with
their shrill flutes, brass gongs antd
other crude instrument could succeed
in raising a mob in any country vil
lage, much less a large city. All of
this heterogenous mass follows and
thus lengthens out the procession to
quite a long one at times.
Amid the booming of firecrackers
the chair arrives and then a search is
made for the groom, while the bride,
heavily veiled and shut up in the
chair, where candles have been burn
ing since her start, is almost suflocat
lug When things have quieted down
iing to give way to expectancy: all at
mee a coarse cry is heard near the
)ack of the house and out rushes a ser
ant yelilng at the top of hiS voice to
righten away the evil spirits from the
itcheOn ;o that the' ric_ ceSSel miay "_
*'. hi t.naie the groom is been
ou.id1 au lead in and paceed before a q
ale Oil wh'ih two or more immentset
red candies are burn ing. And now the
Lwo men, one furnished v each fam
lIv. who are to onliciate take their po- e
;itions and the bride is at last released t
from her chair and brought forward, 0
ittended by two or more women, who b
ire servants. The grooms is accompa- -h
3ied by his father or elder brother, 0
jut also has an attendant, who lends
him -ny assistance needed in his re- g
peated prostrations. a
The bride is usually clad in a very s
richly embroidered silk dress and %
wears a large and elaborate headdress t
which is covered by a red embroidered 1
%eil which covers her down to her n
waist. Nor is this removed during the c
whole ceremony, but she is led about
by the two servants. The groom is d
dressed in a long outer coat with a
large embroidered square in front and
in the back in winter it is lined with
fur and has a beautiful collar and cuffs 0
of some rare fur: the shoes are harge
and heavy, made of black silk: the hat
is also large and has a long plume v
banging behind, being ciught in the
centre of t.hetopof the hat by a gaudy
ball of some kind, metal orstone. The n
oticiators are draped over the regular
clothes with black and red cioth and
their black caps are ornamented with h
brass foil bangles.
The ceremony takes place in the
large outer reception hall and the mob
of hangers-on in their filthy rags press
close upon the bride and groom in their b
shameless curiosity; at times they
have to be driven back by force.
General pandemonium r e i g n s
throughout the whole ceremony every- v
body laughing, talking, jesting. while L
the regular monotones o' the conduc- b
tor of the ceremony and tIhe dull clank ,
of the gong together with the shrill s
noise of the flute lend a weird aspect t
to the whole scene and you begin to
wonder that such a sacred' thing can
be turned into such mockery. But
back to our waiting couple. The C
groom stands on the right side first
and upon a red mat spread before ha?
he makes four prostrations anct then
they change places -ad the groom
makes four nvre prostrations on c
the left, worshipping heaven and ,
eartb. This much finished, the t
!:oom now has placed in his hands
two pieces of cloth. red or yeUow and
green, which is also held by the bride.
Small sacks of the same colors are
placed on the floor leading to a smaller t
inner room, whither the groom. walk- r
ing backward, now leads his oride. c
In this chamber they are seated at t
tables facing each other while the r
oriest-like officiators take up seperate t
dishes, one at a time, and bless them. a
Nothing is taken by anyone. This pro
cess is called worshipping the food.
As soon as it is over the groom again a
leads the bride over the sacks, which t
are taken up and replaced as they ad- t
vance into the "new room" or bride'sr
chamber, which has been elaborately t
decorated and here -they both are r
seated on the bed for a few moments. g
The bride has not uncovered up to thisa
time. but now the room is cdared and
she is allowed a little fresh air, while a.
the groom goes out to receive con- g
gratulations- C
The person wishing to extend con- t
gratulations advances and he and the
groom both prostrate themselves. This a
being repeated by the groom many t
times during the course of an hour V
Laust be very tiresome, but it is cus-.
tom and must be observed. n
After a while the ancesters have to 1
be worshipped by making prostrations a
before the tablets of each- a
When this is all over and the feast- y
ing has-lasted well into the night and c
the men are somewhat .'owdy, thenr
comes the trying time for the bride, 1i
for the young men gather and tease 1;
er, using all kinds of rude and inde- s
cent expressions. This is one barbar-v
ism that surprises a foreigner con-.
stantly, and yet it is so hard to uproot.
This disgraceful feature is the cli
max of the carousal and when it is
over the guests scatter, each one car
rying with him a little bcx containinga
nuts and candy.
On the next day the bride and groom
must visit the home of the bride and 1
then they settle down to a rather com
mon place life, if rich having nothing a
to do, nothing to make effort neces
sary-if poor, on the other hand life
has its dutiks and burdens, and woe
betide the poor thing if she has bound
feet, as is the case almost invariably ~
with the wealthier ones.
This is simply the-general outline C
for any marriage, but each has its own
variations and irregularities. For in- ~
stance, if the groom has no home of.
his own he may borrow the bride's. ~
The joy of the home is lull to over
lowing if the first child is a boy, but ~
if a girl she is not given such a hearty a
welcome. -
n
Mrs. H. L. Johnison's Wil. a
The will of the late Mrs Harriet ~
Lane Johnston, the niece of President ~
Buchanan, was filed for probate in
Washington Thursday. The following
bequests are mad.: Three hundred
thousand dollars to the corporation of
the Protestant Episcopal Cathedral ~
foundation of the District of Colum
bia, in memory of the sons of the a
testatrix, to be known as the "Lane ~
Johnston fund." It is directed that
not more than $150,000 shall be used r
for the erection cf a builbing as a
school for boys, the remainder to go y
for its mintenance. Sixty thousand :
dollars are left to the Johns Hopkins
University, for the endowment of .
three scholarships to be awarded to
poor youth. One hundred thousand
dollars are left in trust as the "James
Buchanan monument fund" for the
erection of a suitable monument to s
the memory of President Buchanan
at his birthplace.
Nobie WVork or' Firemen.
At a rire Friday morning at 1 :30 11
o'clock On King street, four women fI
were rescued by the Charleston tire- g
men. They were dragged from their a
beds and carried down a narrow stair
way, through smoke and rlame. Onec n
young lady. Miss Mary Daly, was
painfully. but not seriously burned.
It was a narrow escape for the ladies
and but for the heroism displayed by
the firemen they would have perished
in their rooms. A t I o'clock Friday
morning a three-story brick builtiing
at the corner of King and Tradds t
streets, was discovered to be on tire.
While the iiremen wvere busy stretch-r
ing hose, some one cried out that
adies were in the third story. Fore
man Morris, of the chemical enginev
:ompany. and several tiremen, rushed
into the building, fought their way
through dense columns of smoke to
the rooms occupied by the ladies and
broughlt them out safely while the!
00SVICT 2scAE9
ar i6 Captured by On4 Sk 'His
... B:
Own Race.
Douglass Williamson, a negro con
et who bears a bad reputation.
uletly walked away Friday and gave %
*e penitentiary guards a bad quarter'1
an hour. The convict eff-.cted his tt
;cape with much ease, and but l'or b
ae fact that he happened to meet one SL
f his own race who happened not to n
e in sympathy with escaped convicts.
e would now in all probability bet
n the high road to liberty. 1
I ti
The fashion in which Williamson
ot away is more than passing strange
ud yeT simplicity itself. le. witL1
>me other negroes. was doing somet
ork in the toilet room of the capi
D1. Joe James, the guard in charge,
appened to turn his head for a mo
ient and the negro slipped down the
orridor and out on Senate street. Ile L
2ade no effort to run but strolled L
own the street just as if lie was on a
usiness bent for the State.
As it is a common thing to see con
icts on the streets of the capital. no
ne paid any attention to him and he
rcnt east along Senate street without w
eing molested by any one until he r
as out of sight.
3ISSED IN FIVE MINUTES. ft
The guard missed him about live L
iinutes after he escaped and hurried- s;
y telephoned to the penitentiary for ft
ogs. They were not forthcoming c(
owever, as they had been sent to ir
xington and there are no other f(
ounds here at preseut. In fact, every
ttle while the governor receives re- C
uests for hounds which he cannot w
onor. Sheriff Coleman has two 11
ounds but they were not available w
riday. I:
So the dogs had to be dispedsed tl
ith. Somebody saw the convict down a1
y the Southern railroad, but deeming L
im a "trusty" he was not disturbed. tl
omebody else, according to report, s
aw the fellow near Brown's store in w
he eastern suburbs. f(
It was about 8 'clock Friday morn- ti
ag when the convict decided to take a
rench lea'e. Scores of citizens were et
n thir way to business and many of h
hem must have noticed the supposed ei
'trusty" wandering leisurely along. e,
Villiamson is a tall, graceful negro, s(
lack as a sole, with anything but a o:
riminal face, and perhaps some of the C
ances his way were more sympa- b
hetic than otherwise.
In any event no one said him nay it
.nd for the nonce he was as free as a o:
ird. [
It was evidentiy Williamson's plan S
o travel until he met some friendly g;
egro who would give him a change of d
lothes and enable him to escape. B-Out V
he fates were against him and more 1
emarkable than his escape is the fact ti
hat he managed to get five miles d
way from town without being so
uch as questioned. After be left L
enate street be must have circled fi
round the city and struck out down h
he South Carolina railroad. Having d,
raveled five miles down the road he F.
an into perhaps the worst negro in ci
he State to further his purposes. e<
his was an old negro named Alex 1i
~oodwin, something over 60O years of
ge, who at one time belonged to Gen.
Vade Hampton, and who it seems
ad rendered valuable service toi the
tate as a penitentiary guard when C
c1. Lipscomb was superintendent of b
he penitentiary.
In some way Goodwin had heard h
hout Williamson's escape and with -c
rue "nigger luck" the convict flgura- If
iely walked into his arms.
That is, the old negro was standingT f;
ear the railroad when he saw Wil- '
.amson hurrying along. He quickly a
rmed himself and his two boys, one S
bout 15 years old and the other yet h
ounger, and went in pursuit of the 0
nvict who was scurrying down the 9
iroad with all the speed that he had '
ft in his tired body. Goodwin final- ~
y overtook him and called to him to
top. The convict replied that he S
bould not and that Goodwin had bet-r
er not worry with him.
CO.IMANDED) TO SURRENDER.
Goodwin told him that unless he h
-ave himself up he would shoot him o
nd he and his two boys raised their .
uns threatening. Williamson was t
nlined to show tight but seeing that T~
t had no chance against the three ir
uns that were pented at him he tin- oi
ly consented to return to town. se
So, in ignt.miny the convict was F
>rought back and landed in the peni- n
entiary yard by one of his own race s
rhom he had counted on to help him
o escape.
Goodwin will get $50 for his clever
apture, besides some very high comn
liments from Capt. Gritlith and the
ther penitentiary attaches.a
While Williamson is anything but
be type of negro that would be picked
ut of a crowd as a partic ularly evil
haracter, he bears a bad character
d it will be a long time before he
rl have the smallest opportunity to7
iake another esoape. ie is serving
15 year sentence for burning the
ar of former Comptreller General b.
forton- or___________0
Saved a Prisoners Lire. 1!
A soecial to the State from Ibarn- .
tell lait week says Herbert Sa~ndeis '~
nas shot Saturday, July 4th, by Sea- ~
orn Moore, and it is said the wound c
fatal. it is said there was a dance at
t Mr. Lewis Creech's, near Kline's, a
ad during the dance these 3oungt
ien had some unpleasantness, which
sulted as above. Full particulars (0,
innot be gotten at this writing.0
oore is in jail, hav-ing surrendered li
imself to Sheriff Creech. Monday p(
ight 10 masked men went to the P9
Lil, where they demanded 3Moore, and
eing told by the sheriffs daughter
Ldat he was at church with her father,
ie sheriff', they then demanded the.
eys of the jail, which she told them d
le wvould get for them from the next
ycm, and on returning from the room S
e came armed and drawing a loaded
capon she presented it and dlelied
em, thereby running them away. di
a a short time the sheriX returned .
-om church and at once g't up a c
uard for the jail consisting of the
ayor and many of the best citizens.
othing further took place- during theT
ight and the town is quiet.
Sare Rtobters at Wor-k.
A speial from Spartanburg to the In
tate says The safe oif Zir-conia, N. ce
, located in the store where the pOust- I
lie is conducted, wvas blown open fr:
ednesday night and $400 and checks co
ken therefrom. Trhr-ee young men,ti
;rangers, boarded a freight at Mel- l a:
>e Thursday morning. Chief of ad
olice lDean of this city was tele- ra
raph to arrest them. lie and otlicers
sited the Spartanburg junction
vice this afternoon. Found two st;
-aveling men on evening passenger OC
-om Asheville. These men clearly 14
ad were proved that they were not fa
argars allowed to depart. No arrests jis
10d Poi9on lResults froni injtries
William Lykes. the State contable
ho was run over on July - by Oliver
rry and A. Reed. colored, while at
wpting to stop a wagon loaded with
er and whiskey, in Charleston is
id to be dangerously ill at his home
!ar Columbia. It is understood that
ood poisoning has developed from
ie wounds he received by being
ampled on by the horse, driven by
ced and Perry, and that his condi
on is most serious. IHe is being at
nded by Dr. Clayton of Columbia.
Friday morning Dispensary Auditor
Searson called at the office of Magis
ate Rouse and asked that the war
Lmt. which had been sworn out
ainst Reed and Perry, by Constable
ykes, charging them with hindering
dispensary officer in the discharge
his duty be amended by charging
iem with assauting the oflicer, hold
g that in driving over the constable
icy committed an assault and battery
ith intent to kill. Magistrate Rouse
Lid that he would amend the war
Lnt and would ask the sheriff to use
eat care in holding the prisoners,
ir it is not known how the illness of
ykes will terminate. Col Searson
Lid that from the advices received
om Columbia Lykes was in a serious
ndtion. If he should die from the
juries. Perry and Reed will be held
ir murder.
Constable Lykes was on duty at the
lyde wharr, July 4, watching for
agons Lauling contraband liquors.
c san Reed and Perry driving a
agon contaning beer and whiskey.
e called out to them to halt, but
icy refused to obey the command
ad whipped up the horse. Constable
ykes advanced into the middle of
ie street and signalled the drivers to
:op, but they continued to apply the
hip to the animal, and he reached
>r the bridle. As he seized the reins,
ie drivers pit the lash to the animal,
ad the dispensary officer was trampl
I to the ground. le then brought
is pistol into play, and the men leap
I from the wagon and made their
icape. The contraband goods were
ized and taken to the headquarters
E the constables on Society street.
onstable Lykes was painfully injured
y the horse's hoofs.
Reed and Perry were arrested, tried
i the recorder's court on the charge
I careless driving and convicted.
.eed was sentenced to pay a tine of
100 or serve thirty days on the chain
ing,. while Perry was sentenced $30
ne or thirty days on the chain gang.
,arrant were also issued for Reed and
eiry by Constable Lykes charging
iei with hindering an. ollicer in the
ischarge of his duty.
Several days ago, the condition of
ykes became so serious that lie was
)rced to leave Charleston and go to
is home near Columbia. le has been
asperately ill since leaving there, and
'riday night information reached the
ty that blood poisning had develop
J. A close watch will be kept over
cd and Perry.
Supplies Have Been Shipped.
A special from the State says Adjt.
en. John D. Frost Friday received a
~legram from Quartermaster General
umphrey at Washington. notifying
im of the shipment of the tents and
imp supplhes which he had ordered
>r the camps of the three regiments.
'ie consignment which was shipped
-om .Jeifersonville. Ind.. left on
'hursday evening via the P. C. C.
nd St. L., the L. and N. and the
authern railway. This should arrive
ere inside of four days from the time
shipment. Another consignment
ft Philadelphia at the same time and
due here on the 14th inst. via the
ensylvania railroad and the A. C.
railroad. The third shipment was
mt from St. Asaph, Va., at the
Lie time and should arrive there
2s week. Gen. Frost says that the
ar department has acted more quick
'in response to the requisitions than
e has ever known them to do. it is
aly due to Gen. Frost and Gov. Hey
ard to say that it was their activity
iat such dispatch has been effected.
he department commanders will be
amediately notified of the shipment
the sup plies and tents and the time
t for the several encampmets. Gen.
rst wishes t~o tirst ascertain deti
tely the time of the arrival of the
pplies before issuing his orders.
Corn Crop Less.
Preliminary returns to the chief of
e bereau of statistics of the Washing
in department of agriculture show the
:reage of corn planted to be about
,800,o00 acres, a decrease of about
200000O acres. or 4.d per cent. from
e area planted last year, as revised
December. The average condition
the growing crop on July 1 was'
'.4. as compared with 87.5. on July
102. The average condition cn
ily 1 of spring and wint er wheat corr
ned was 80O as compared with 8d.9J
July 1, 1902, and 91.1 on July 1,
101. The amount of wheat remain
g in the hands of farmers on .July 1
estimated at about 42,500,000
ishels, equivalent to about 9.3 per
nt. (if the crop of last- year. The
reage of tobacco is about 7.000
res, or 0.7 per cent. greater than
at of last year, and the condition is
.1. Thue acreage of potatoes, in
uding sweet potatoes, is about 49,
'0 acres, or 1.1; per cent. less than ofI
st year. The average condition ofI
tatoes on .July 1 was88.1, as comn
trd with 92. on Jluly 1, 1902.
F-or Six Thousand Guests.
The largest hotel ever erected for
exposition will be within the
rld's ["air ground at St Louis. A
ntract has bee-n signed for the con-'
ructon of this mammoth building!
e rates in which will be controlled
the Exposition. Rooms will be
vided into four classes according to
re. not less than 500 rooms of each
iss. The rates will be, on the
iropen plan, for each person 81.
.50 '2.00, 8$4.00 and 85.00 per day.
e latter price will command very
rge rooms with haths. Meals will
served to such of the guests as
sire them at the following prices:
eakfast and noon luncheon, 50
nts each: evening dinner. 75 cents.
i hotel management will collect
m each guest 50 cents per day to
ver the admission to the exposi
>n grounds. The hotel will be made
rger than now contemplated' if the
vance bookings of guests shall wvar
Tedates tor the holding of the
ite farmers institute at Clemfon
illege are from Augusta 10th to the
th. Every political, progressive
rmer of the State who feels that it
his duty to attend these meetings,
oul makem it a point to attend.
Mighi ave Altered Restilt of War i
England Had Delivered it.
Washington correspondent in tb
New York Sun says the foundering o
the British monitor Scorpion of
George's shoals last week while belui
towered rrom Bermuda to St. John
N. B., where she was to be broken u]
as old metal, marks, perhaps, the pass
ing of the last relic of the navy of thi
Confederate government.
The Scorpion and her sister moni
tor, the Wivern, were constructed b,
Laird Bros., of Liverpool under tb
supervision of Capt. James D. Bulloci
of the Confederate navy, an uncle o
President Roosevelt. Owing to thi
protest of Mr. Adams, then ministei
to England, acting under orders fron
Secretary Seward, the British govern
ment seized the two vessels and re
fused to allow them to be turned ove
to the Confederacy. It has alway
been asserted by southern naval offi
cers that the failure of the Confeder
ate government to secure these twi
monitors, which were then the mos
formidable war vcssels alloat, went fa
to change the result of the War Be
tween the States.
These are today living in Washing
ton two or three ex-Confederate nava
officers who were among those sent to
England to bring the Scorpion and tb
Wivern to this country, and one o
them furnished the following accoun
of the Scorpion:
Soon after the battle between th.
Monitor and the Merrimac in Hlamp
ton Roads in 1862 the Confederat
government ordered from Laird Bros.
two monitors and sent Capt. Bulloc1
to England to superintend their con
struction. The contract price wL
-93,750, or about $468.750 apiece
One was to be completed in March
1863, and the other in May of th
same year. They were known whil
undergoing construction as El Tous
san and El Mounassir.
There was some delay in the work
and it was not until May 27, 1863
that the Confederate officers who wer
to man the new boats ran the block
ade at Charleston, and started fo
England. Those in the party wer
Matthew F. Maury, John R. Hamil
ton, Capt. Littlepage, Dan Trigg, B
H. Marmaduke and Capt. Jame
North. Capt. Bullock was to com
mand one of the monitors and Capt
North the other.
The party. were beached at Eleutb
era island 'for two days. Then
wrecking vessel came to their relie
and towed their ship to Nassau. The
arrived in England in August.
The agents of the United State
government in England found out th
intentions of the Confederates in re
gard to the island monitors and re
ported the matter to Secretary Se
ward. Tne latter filed a protes
through Minister Adams, and Eng
land held up the two vessels.
The Confederate otlicers then it
voked the aid of Bravay Bros., Frenc
bankers, who announced that the;
would purchase the monitors fror
Laird Bros., and that they were th
agents of the Khedive of Egypt in th
transaction. Their real plan was t
turn them over to the Confederate!
The British government sent a secre
messenger to the Khedive, who denie
all knowledge of the matter.
Upon t.his Secretary Seward notifie
the British and the French goverr
ments that if the Lairds were allowe
to deliver the two boats to Bulloc
and North the United States woul
consider it an act of war. on the par
of Great Britain, and, if Bravay Bros
bought them and delivered them, a
act of war on the part of France. I
December, 1864, England confiscate
the two boats, and reimbursed thel
cost to the Confederate government
The English papers said at the tim
that the superiority of the Scorpio:
and the Wivern to the other vessels c
the Briti'sh navy was a disgrace t
England. The two monitors had th
deflective armor of the Monitor an'
the Merrimac and were fitted with re
volving turrets. If they could hav
been secured by the Confederacy tb
blockades might have been raised an
the effect upon the result of tbe -wa
might have been very great.
In view of the fact that the Sco,
pion hai been used of late years as
target for British war vessels in th
West Indies, an old Confederate sailcj
wrote to the association of Contedei
ate veterans a few weeks ago, suggest
ing that she be bought by the associa
tion and preserved as a relic. His let
ter reached New Orleans in the las
week of' May, two days after the con
vention had closed its annual sessioi
and too fate, therefore, to receive at
tention. it was published in the Nes
Orleans papers and a movement wa
statarted to carry out the plan.
Molasses and Salt femilrwie.
What is said to be an infallibi
remedy for sprains and bruises attend
ed with painful inflammation is a poul
tice of hot molasses and salt. Stir thi
molasses so stiff with salt that thi
poultice can be held In place by
muslin bandage and wrap the affecte<
parts well, so as to retain the heat al
long as possible. This is good to:
beasts as well as human beings.
Very Nice Indeed..
Mrs. Gadd-Wouldn't It be grand I
science should discover the moon to bi
inhabited and hit on some way to tall
with our lunar neighbors?
Mrs. Gabb-Indeed It would. The:
would be near enough to talk to, ye
not near enough to be running In at al
hours of the day, you know..
The One Thing Free.
"He took some fine views with hIh
camera."
"Yes. There was nothing else h4
could take without having it charged
up extra in the hotel bill."-Chicag.
Post.
The Main Point.
ThereseIt must have been a ter
rible shock for you when you heard of
the death of your aunt, was it not?
Helene-Oh no; I had still my new
black silk dress.-Lustige Blatter.
Just Begun.
Pleasant Old Gentleman-Have yot
Ived here all your life, my little man?
Arthur (aged six)-Not yet
Killed by a Negro.
Arthur Shadden, a prominent
young planter living about four miles
south of Osceola, Ark. was shot and
killed by a negro tenant on his farm
at an early hour this morning. There
was trouble between them in regard
to an account which Shadden was try*
ing to collect from the negro. The
negro made his escape, but the sheritl
tud a posse are in pursuit. A lynching
is roanhe if the negro is caught.
Alga Grtndfathei' of More Than
Thiee Hundred.
The statements hereunto appended
are not of fancy bred, nor are they
creatures of a disease imagination. 4
On the other hand, they are facts,
bard and true, and every planter and 3
inhabitant of Beech Island, S. C., just
across the Savannah river from Augus
ta, will vouch for the accuracy and
truth of the story says the Augusta
Herald.
The hero, if hero he be, is known
far and wide in the locality where he
dwells, and a great many citizens of 1
this city know him both personally
and by reputation.
The writer takes pleasure In respect
fully rderring the matter to those two
gentlemen, the President of the Unit
ed States and the president of Yale
University- they having been credited
with the loss of some sleep on account
of the dying out of the human race. 0
The facts, briefly, are-these:
An individual of Afro-American ex
traction, who works on the plantation
of Mr. Hammond, in Beech Island,
and who is now nearing 90 years of
age, has during his life become the
father of 45 legitimate children, the
great majority of whom are alive and
a great number of whom have followed
in the footsteps of their illustrious
father and 'have immensely large
families.
It ought to be explained right here
that the progenitive person about
whom this story is .written has been
married some half dozen times, more
or less; and that the 46 about but
equally divided among the wives.
A Beech Island citizen of an inves
tigating turn of mind has recently
made an attempt ascertaian the ex
act number of grandchildren and great
grandchildren of the eminent race
multiplier, and after nunning down
more than 300 ceased his labors, hav
ing satisfied himself that the Beech
Island negro bad laid all other persons
in the shade who dwell in the lands
where polygamy is forbidden.
The name of the hero and friend of
civilization is Alexander Lark, and his
children range in age from 70 years to
six month-in fact,- his two youngest I
children are twins and have not yet
learned to toddle. In the family are
several other pairs of twins. The in
fants six months old have nephews and
nices who.are 45 and 50 years of age. i
NEW YORK FIRE.
It Is Estimated Over a Hair Million
Dollar Loss.
The new pier of the Scandinavian
- American line, at the foot of Seven
- teeenth street, Hoboken, N. Y.,
was destroyed by fire Friday and for
the second time in three years the
line is temporarily without a pier. It
is believed the loss will amount to al
Smost $500,000. 'Ihe dock alone cost
S$200,000 to build.
eThe fire started in the storeroom of
the pier, and when discovered the fire
-had a firm foothold. There was no
Sship of the line In port. The steam
ship Island should bave docked Fri
day but did not arrive. On the pier
jwas a large part of the cargo destined
for Europe, which was to be shipped
on the Island, and this was destroyed,
Scausing a loss of over $300.000. Com-1
:parativeiy few men were at work on
tthe pier at the time.
When the first fire engines arrived
. fully 300 feet of the pier was blazing
Sfrom the water's edge to the top. Tugs
Sof all sorts and sizes threw water into 2
rthe fire, but this seemed to have little
effect. The city fireman were badly
hampered in reaching the place.
BThe flames spread as rapidly as when
2the North German Lloyd and Scandi
fnavian piers burned three years ago.
> There were three explosions, appar
Bently caused by barrels of some in
Iflammable material. After each the
- flames spread very rapidly.
eThe heat was intense and many fire
Smen dropped into the river for relief.
IThe slight wind carried the flames
r toward the Tietjen and Lang dry
docks, containing a score of vessels.
Those which could be gotten out were
towed away. A near-by bathhouse
3was crowded with women, girls and
Schildren, who fled without waiting to
rdress. Two children were slightly
-hurt in the crush.
-Within three-quarters of an hour
-after the fire stated it was under con
-trol. None of the workmen on the
Spier were injured.
P'JT TING IRONS ON MR. DAVIS.
SGen. Miles Had no Orders but only
Permission to do it. I
The following from the Baltimore
San says Capt Jerome B. Titlow, of
the 3d Pennsylvania artillery, who
was orlicer of the day at Fort Monroer
when Gen Miles ha'd Jefferson Davis i
thrown down on the ground with
violence and held there while irons
Iwere riveted on his ankle, writes the
following interesting letter to the
Army and Navy Journal:
St Paul, Minn, June 29, 3903.
To the Editor of the Army and 2
Navy Journal: In a recent issue oft t
your paper I noted a communication s
retlecting upon the strictures of Gen s
Nelson A. Miles, United States army, i,
has put upon soldiers or the United t:
States in the Philippines in regard to i
"barbarous and inhuman treatment," *
and I also note your editorial comment
upon the communication, and in so
far as your correspondent has drawn a
a paralleled between these acts and the n
act of Gen Miles in placing irons upon rI
Jetlerson Davis in Fortress Monroe inc
May, 3865, I beg to correct the opinion
which you have formed in the pre
mises. Gen Miles never had official
orders to put irons upon Jeffersond
Davis. I was officer of the day upon t
the date in question, when irons were
put upon Mr. Davis. Gen Miles called
me into headquarters and told me
that he had "authority" to place Mr.
Davis in irons, and in contirmationi of
his orders Gen Miles exhibited to mea
a personal letter from the secretary ofa
War, Stanton, which evidently was in
reply to a communication from Gen- r
Miles, in which the Secretary in effect h~
said: "If you consider the safeguard- ~
ing of the prisoner requires it you may a
place him in irons, at your discre- a
tion." a
There was nothing mandatory from e
the Secretary of War, all was left to t
the discretion of the commanding ti
ofcer; nor was the communication
offcial, and I am sure tnat a review
of the files of the adjutant general's is
oflice will reveal no official communi- v,
ction malkingr it mnratory upon Gen -i
R01AHUIC CAREI
peculator aid Husband of Ducheu
Eu Up as a Marine.
L. Dwyer, Former Chicago RilItoa.
aire, Anxious to Secure His **
lease from the Navy in Order
to Begin Llfe. Over Again.
Edward L. Dwyer, once a millionaire
iine owner, promoter and bold specu
Ltor in wheat, who startled even Chi
ago by his during, and who later mar
ied a duchess worth millions of dol
irs, sailed into the Brooklyn navy
ard the other day a maiine on the
nited States transport Calgoa.
Oressed in his natty sailor suit, his
wee bronzed by the Philippine sun,
is muscles hardened by work, Dwyer
>oked little like a dashing speculator
nd husband of a duchess.
Dwyer has been in the service of the
raited States since July 31, 1900, when
enniless, disinherited by his - aged
rife, tired of wandering, he went to
[arrisburg ared enlisted in the ma-rine
orps. The term of enlistment is three
ears, but Dwyer has influences at
rork in the navy department, and
here is little doubt that his early dis
harge will be secured.
Dwyer first attracted attention In
58e, then a member of the Chicago
oard of trade, by purchasing 1,000,000
ushels of wheat for future delivery
rithout depositing margins. While in
'ew York in 1894, representing west
rn mining interests, be met the
Inchess de Castelluccia, whose hus
and had died only a short while be
:re. leaving her a fortune estimated
t $7.000.000. She was more than 40
ears older than Dwyer, but he won
er, end the two were married at Rock
idge, Fla.. January 29, 1895.
The d uchess died soon after the wed
ing, leaving the bulk of her fortune
D her two children. Dwyer received
10,000.
Dwyer then started on the road to
nancial ruin through speculation,
nd in May, 1899, he found himself pen
iless. He filed a petition in bankrupt
v in New York, -with liabilities of
252,055 and no visible assets. But
)wyer within a year had organized a
ompany with a -capital of $1,500,000
o develop silver mines in Zacatecas.
[exico. Apparently this scheme was
ot successful, and a yea-r later he was
gain penniless. It was then that he
nisted and was assigned to service
a the Philippines.
While Dwyer was in the Philinpines
e looked about him for favorable in
stments and he thinks enterprise
bere will open the way to fortune. It
said 'that the bronzed marine willgo
,ack to the islands immediately upon
eceiving his discharge.
!EMAINS OF MONSTER. BIRD.
'aluable Discovery Made in-Southern
Part of Argentine Republie
Larger Than the Dodo.
Brief information of the discovery
i Patagonia, or rather, of the south
rn part of the Argentine Republic,
f part of the remains of an extinct
ird that, in size, outrivals any of the
arms known to scien'ce, either living
r extinct, has just reached the chief
rnithologist. of the Smithsonian ii
titution, who regards the discovery
s onec of the first importance. The
etails thus far received are to the
ifeet that a scientific party explor
ag along the eastern foothills of the
.ndes range unearthed from the
trata of the tertiary age the skull of
rhat they at first took to be a- gigan
ic bird of prey, but on subsequent
zamination they unearthed other
arts that caused them to change
heir first view and reach the conclu
ion th'at the bird must have been a
rater fowl. The size of this extinct
ird, waich the discoverers named the
phorirachis," is, according to the
epoa ts. something amazing, it having
eenl at least a fourth larger than the
dodo" of Madagascar, a bird now ex
int, but which until the finding of
his Patagonian monster held first
lace for size in the list of birds liv
ig and extinct. The government or
ithologists are anxiously awaiting
irther details of this interesting dis
avery.
Amerloan Cotton Output.
The census bureau report issuelt
-day on the cotton ginned in the
-nited States shows the crop of 1900'
>have been 10,486,148 commercial.
ales (bales as marketed) equivalent
>10,123,027 bales of the 500 pound.
andard or to 5,061,513,294 pounds.
his is an increase of 840,174 comn
tercial bales, or more than eight
er cent. in excess of the 1899 crop..
exas grew 34 per cent. of the en
re crop of 1900 and one-fourth of
ae world's crop of that year. Its
rop increased 33 per cent. over 1899,
ie 1900 crop being 3,536,500 commer
al bales and the 1899 crop 2,658,555.
ast of the Mississippi productiom
ecreased.
Students sorry They Signed.
Columbia university students -are
ebelling agai-nst the resolutions in
agard to hazing they were made to
gn by the faculty last spring, says
ae New York World. During the
reek, the various classes have met and
ecided to place stringent rules over
2e freshman body because of the cur
tilment of the upper classmien's priv
e ges.
President Seth Low, in an effort to
>restnll a repetition of Last season's
ecurrences, has addr sed a note to
ach of the undergraduate body io
-hich he calls attention to the spirit
aution they signed and asks
mnued cooperation.
improvement of the Rhin.
Germany is spending $3,000,000 oD'
he improvement of the Rhine river be
w Strasburg.
The United States has not aban
ned its endeavors to get Gaynor and:
ceen, the two fugitiv-es from justice,
ross the line for trial before its
urt. A cablegram received from
lebec, says the petition has been
-esented to the privy council in Eng
ad for leave to appeal to that body
>m the decision rendered by Judge
.rn there last fall, which gave the
ro men their liberty in the dominion.
le argument on the appeal will be
ard in the latter part of July and
r. Tascherau, counsel for Green and
ynor, -will sail Saturday for Lon
n. A big fight will be made against
ssible extradition. Mr. McMaster
Montreal is now in England rep
enting the interests of the United
ates. Green and Gaynor are want
in the United States in connection
th alleged stealing of millions in
e federal improvements in Savannah
rbor. Capt. Carter is now in a
ilitary prison for his connection
th the case.
Almost unanimous opinion of the
imni of Charleston college is against
eadmaission of girls and the faculty,
:luding .President Randolph, are
posed. There is little hope, there
ce, for coeducation.
PUNGENT PARAOUAPN$
Unconscious.-"But he doesn't rea3.
te that he boasts." "Oh, no? I'v
erd him boasting that he doesn't
>ost."-Puck.
"There doesn't seem to be so many
>ieycles as formerly." "No; it's rid
ng, instead of riders, that is falling E
of now."-Indianapolis News.
Dloctor-"Above all things. you
nust dismiss every source Of trouble
Mnd anxiety." Patient-'But, doctor,
hat's impossible. I've just got a new
otomobile."-Town Topics. n
The man who praises what he in- L
ends to purohase and- enumerates C
he faults of what he means to sell r
s honest enough to feel lonesome in I
his dizzy old world.-Chicago DailY Y
iews.
-"'Yes," said the superstitious maN
'I believe it's lucky to pick up a pin, b
on't you?" "Not if you pick it up by 1
itting down upon it," promptly re
>lied the schoolmaster.-Philadelphia a
tecord.
The Purchasing Limit.-Mr. Stein
en (our latest millionaire, after his
hird fruitless stalk)-"Now, look
ere, you rascal! If you can't have
he brutes tamer, I'm hanged if I
Lon't sack you!"-Punch.
The Two Champions.-It Is sad t
hat the roar of a lion'oan be heard C
arther than the sound made by any
ther living creature. Next to that i
:omes the note of a woman who has b
ound a mouse in her bureeu.-Boston b
Lranscript.
The Animus.-Mrs. Gossippe-"How A
oes it come Mrs. Swagger invited e
ou to her party? I thought you were I
nemies." Mrs. Snappem-"We areZ b
ut she thought I had nothing fit to 1,
vear, and wanted to make me feei a
ad."-Columbus State Journal. V
h
WHAT IT COSTS TO MARRY. i
Only a five Dollar B111 In Neeessary
to, Defray the Expenses In
Most Places,
Marriage Is one of the cheapest of
uxuries if one reckons only the outlay
-equired for the payment of the preach
r or magistrate who performs the
:eremony and the cost of the license in
iuch states as require licenses. Anj y
inister, priest or preacher of the
ospel in the United States may sol. t
mnize marriages, and in many states
udges for one or more classes o) a
:ourts may officiate. In all save half a
dozen states, too, justices of the e
>eace have 'the privilege of officiating g
Lt the highly important function, says
he Chicago Chronicie. b
In some parts of the United States y
he person performing a marriage cer- t
mony must have personal knowledge 1
f the identity, names and residence *2 b
he parties, and inasmuch as such laws r
re enforced in some of the western
tates where young people frequently I
rive long distances to be married, the
tipulation has on occasion caused
ore or less inconvenience. In most
f the states two witnesses are re
uired to be present at the solemniza
ion of a marriage, a'though in some
rtates a single witness is sufacient. I
here is still in force in Pennsylvania e
tn old law which prescribes that 12 C
itnesses shall be prc sent, but this~ex- ~
ttion is seldom'if ever enforced. Per- ~
taps the strangest stipulation of all C
s that which appears in the laws of C
ennessee, and isto the effect that the ~
ralidity of a marriage shall be in no.
ise affected by de omission of the ~
>aptismal name of either party in the E
iense and the use of a nickname in- ~
tcad, provided the parties can beiden- ~
ified. Any person coliversant with s
he conditions prevailing in the inour- V
in districts of Tennessee will apple. t
iate the wisdom of this unique pro e
'iso. - P
Common supposition is to the effect ~
hat the fee for performing the mar
ige ceremony is dependent entirely ~
ipon the generosity of the bridegroom, ~
ad it will, doubtless, therefore, sur
rise many persons to learn that in r
everal states the law has a hand in b
he matter. In the Old Dominion, for
atance, there is a statute which pro- t
'ides that the person solemnizing at
narriage is entitled to a fee of one P
Lollar, and that "any person exacting I
Sgreater fee shall forfeit to the party f
ggrieved $50." In West Virginia it is f
tipulated that the. fee be "at least C
ne dollar," and the Idaho law says
hat "the fee shall be five dollars. or
ny other or greater sum voluntarily t<
ven by the parties to such marriage." g
a 16 states of the union a wedded t
ouple may obtain a more or less elab- b
rate certificate of their marriag- t
Some of Them Have,.
"This article," she said, looking up
rom the paper, "says that physicians
iost invariably have no business
bility."
"So?" he replied, absent-mindedly. t
"That's what it says," she asserted.
They are too easy-going in a busi
es way, and really don't know how
a get a proper return for their serv
aez. There is no class, it says, that
aso much imposed upon. Do youd
hink it's true ?"
"Well," he replied, thoughtfully,
some of them may lack business r
bility, but others have enough to r
ake the average good. Do you re- s
aember that you asked Dr. Pills to t]
ine with us last month?"
"Yes. What of it?" d
"He's charged it up in his bill as a tl
rofessional call."-Chicago Post. t
Blast-Furnace Gas-Notor's.
In western Europe, and particular-t
in Germany, the employment of
otors utilizing gases from blast fur
aces is increasing. It is said that
be use of these gases, which is not
common in' England or the United
tates, effects a considerable saving
the cost of founding. The motors
aus driven are employed principally
>r actuating air compressors and 'd
ectric generators.-Science.
[ies to put Jefferson Davis in irons, d(
ad, further, I shall say that it was G:
at an act necessary to insure the safe a
~tention of the prisoner within the co
istody of the United States.
Jerome B3. Titlow. p
Captain Company K. 3d Pennsly- lai
inia heavy artillery, oflicer of the fra
ty at Fortress Monroe upon the day ca
iat Mr. Davis was ironed, and under te
hose command the work wa~s done.rp
Murdered andi Robbed. M
Mrs. Benjamin Lowry, a well-known dc
ad highly respected old lady, living PC
one near Good Hope C. H., in Madi- of
n,,onty Va. was murdered at some re
cent date not definitely known, and St
r house robbed. The body of the eg
d lady was found lying on the floor wi
her roon almost in a nude condition th
id blood was spattered over the floor ha
id all about the room. The coron- m:
s investigation developed the fact wi
iat her skill had been fractured in
vo places and her body otherwise
utilated. It is estimated that about all
i00 or $700 in cash was taken. It th
believed by those making the in- in
stigation that the murder occured o
t rThursday nigrht.