Abstract:

Galectin 1(Gal-1), a β-galactoside binding mammalian lectin of 14KDa, implicate in many signalling pathways, immune responses associated with cancer progression and immune disorders. Inhibition of human Gal-1 has been regarded as one of the potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cancer, as it plays a major role in tumour development and metastasis by modulating various biological functions viz. apoptosis, angiogenesis, migration, cell immune escape. Gal-1 is considered as a biomarker in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment condition. The overexpression of Gal-1 is well established and seen in many types of cancer progressions like osteosarcoma, breast, lung, prostate and melanoma etc. Gal-1 greatly accelerates the binding kinetics of HIV-1 to susceptible cells, leading to faster viral entry and a more robust viral replication by specific binding of CD4 cells. Hence, the Gal-1 is considered as promising molecular target for the development of new therapeutic drugs for Cancer and HIV. Present review laid emphasis on structural insights and functional role of Gal-1 in the disease, current Gal-1 inhibitors and future prospects in design of specific Gal-1 inhibitors.

Affiliation:Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, G. Pulla Reddy College of pharmacy, Hyderabad, 500028, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037

Keywords:Galectin 1, cancer, HIV, Gal-1 inhibitors

Abstract:Galectin 1(Gal-1), a β-galactoside binding mammalian lectin of 14KDa, implicate in many signalling pathways, immune responses associated with cancer progression and immune disorders. Inhibition of human Gal-1 has been regarded as one of the potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cancer, as it plays a major role in tumour development and metastasis by modulating various biological functions viz. apoptosis, angiogenesis, migration, cell immune escape. Gal-1 is considered as a biomarker in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment condition. The overexpression of Gal-1 is well established and seen in many types of cancer progressions like osteosarcoma, breast, lung, prostate and melanoma etc. Gal-1 greatly accelerates the binding kinetics of HIV-1 to susceptible cells, leading to faster viral entry and a more robust viral replication by specific binding of CD4 cells. Hence, the Gal-1 is considered as promising molecular target for the development of new therapeutic drugs for Cancer and HIV. Present review laid emphasis on structural insights and functional role of Gal-1 in the disease, current Gal-1 inhibitors and future prospects in design of specific Gal-1 inhibitors.