Hyundai Heavy Industries issued KRW 1.2trn in total - KRW 500bn in February and KRW 700bn in July, and Samsung issued KRW 700bn in February and KRW 500bn in September.

Daewoo issued KRW 500bn in July and is preparing for additional bonds issue totalling KRW 500bn this month.

STX issued bonds in April, July and September, in total of KRW 450bn and Hanjin issued in January, June and August totalling KRW 377bn.

Due to massively decreased new order and proportion of installment under heavy-tail payment, along with plummeting newbuilding prices, even major shipbuilders came to face liquidity troubles and raise large amount of funds.