Map of the Confederate States

Do you know the truth?

● What is the actual legal definition and source of the republican form of government? ● WHO instituted the Republican form of government? ● WHEN did it begin?

A republican form is not synonymous with a republic, nor is it a “constitutional republic.” The People’s Republic of China is a republic but it is not a republican form.

REPUBLIC – That form of government in which the administration of affairs is open to all the citizens. In another sense, it signifies the state, independent of its form of government. – - – Black’s Law Dictionary, Sixth Edition, P. 1302

NOTE: A republic refers to a form where the administration is open to CITIZENS. Or it can just refer to a state. Remember that.

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“The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion. . .” – - – United States Constitution, Article 4, Section 4.

If you thought the republican form began with the US Constitution, you’re wrong.

REPUBLICAN GOVERNMENT. . . The fourth section of the fourth article of the constitution, directs that “the United States shall guaranty to every state in the Union a republican form of government.” The form of government is to be guarantied, WHICH SUPPOSES A FORM ALREADY ESTABLISHED, and this is the republican form of government the United States have undertaken to protect. – - – Bouvier’s Law Dictionary, 6th edition, 1856

. . . The republican form existed BEFORE the USCON, thus it cannot be a “constitutional republic.” . . . Does it only apply to the States united?

CONSTITUTION, Art. 4, Sec. 4. The guarantee of a republican form of government to every “state” means to its people and not to its government: Texas v. White. 7 Wall. (U. S.) 700, 19 L. Ed. 227. – - – Bouvier’s Law Dictionary, 8th ed. (1914), P.635

The republican form is guaranteed to the PEOPLE (sovereigns) not to the state governments (oath bound subjects of the U.S. government). . . . RELATED DEFINITIONS- – -

GOVERNMENT (Republican Form of Government)- One in which the powers of sovereignty are vested in the people and are exercised by the people… directly… – - – Black’s Law Dictionary, Sixth Edition, P. 695

COMMONWEALTH – …It generally designates, when so employed, a republican form of government, – one in which the welfare and rights of the entire mass of people are the main consideration, rather than the privileges of a class or the will of the monarch… – - – Black’s Law Dictionary, Sixth Edition, P. 278

NOTE: No mention of administration by citizenry, nor subjects of a sovereign.

IN CONTRAST:

DEMOCRACY – That form of government in which the sovereign power resides in and is exercised by the whole body of free citizens directly or indirectly through a system of representation, as distinguished from monarchy, aristocracy, or oligarchy.” – - – Black’s Law Dictionary, Sixth Edition, P. 432

In a democratic form, the “whole body” indirectly exercises sovereignty via majority vote, thus participation in the administration, which refers back to the definition of “Republic.” But no subject citizen is sovereign, for he is bound to perform mandatory civic duties.

- – - THE TRUE SOURCE

“We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.” – - – Declaration of Independence, 1776

“The republican is the only form of government which is not eternally at open or secret war with the Rights of mankind.” – - – Thomas Jefferson https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Thoma…

“I firmly believe that the benevolent Creator designed the republican Form of Government for Man.” – - – Samuel Adams; Statement of (14 April 1785), quoted in The Writings of Samuel Adams (1904) edited by Harry A. Cushing http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Samuel…

DOMINION – Generally accepted definition of “dominion” is perfect control in right of ownership. The word implies both title and possession and appears to require a complete retention of control over disposition. -Sovereignty; as the dominion of the seas or over a territory. – - – Black’s Law Dictionary, Sixth Ed., p.486

We are the beneficiaries of our Creator’s endowment, that servant government was instituted to secure. And it can only govern those who consent. Therefore the government is NOT sovereign.

“… at the Revolution, the sovereignty devolved on the people, and they are truly the sovereigns of the country, but they are SOVEREIGNS WITHOUT SUBJECTS, and have none to govern but themselves. “… In Europe, the sovereignty is generally ascribed to the Prince; here, it rests with the people; there, the sovereign actually administers the government; here, never in a single instance; our Governors are the agents of the people, and, at most, stand in the same relation to their sovereign in which regents in Europe stand to their sovereigns.” – - – Justice John Jay in Chisholm v. Georgia (2 U.S. 419 (1793))

Justice Jay is plainly stating that we Americans are sovereigns without subjects. And he states that the government is not the sovereign but the agent for the sovereign people. . . which is not to be construed to mean the “whole body of citizens” who are subjects of that servant government. No “collective sovereignty” can have sovereigns without subjects, for a minority is overridden by the majority.

Why aren’t we taught about American sovereigns? It was once well known. . . .

His audience would have to know what an American sovereign is to get the joke.

Is he referring to American citizens? NO! Citizens are NOT sovereigns

CITIZEN – … Citizens are members of a political community who, in their associative capacity, have established or SUBMITTED themselves to the dominion of government for the promotion of the general welfare and the protection of their individual as well as collective rights. – - – Black’s Law Dictionary, Sixth Ed. p.244

“… the term ‘citizen,’ in the United States, is analogous to the term “SUBJECT” in the common law; the change of phrase has resulted from the change in government. … he who before was a “subject of the King” is now a citizen of the State.” – - – State v. Manuel, 20 N.C. 144 (1838)

SUBJECT – One that owes allegiance to a sovereign and is governed by his laws. …Men in free governments are subjects as well as citizens; as citizens they enjoy rights and franchises; as subjects they are bound to obey the laws. The term is little used, in this sense, in countries enjoying a republican form of government. – - – Black’s Law Dictionary, Sixth Edition, p. 1425

(Note: there is only one country with a “republican form” of government)

Article 4, Section 2 – State citizens The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States. – - – U.S. Constitution

. . . Citizens have privileges and immunities, as well as mandatory civic duties having submitted themselves to the dominion (sovereignty) of servant government.

Coincidentally, the authors of the constitution knew the difference. When referring to privileges and immunities, it used “citizen.” When referring to powers and rights, it used “people.”

Ninth and Tenth Amendments state:

- that the enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the PEOPLE; – that the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the PEOPLE.

Restating: Sovereign people have rights and powers Subject citizens have privileges and immunities …by their consent . . . CONSENT of the GOVERNED

“What I do say is that no man is good enough to govern another man without that other’s consent. I say this is the leading principle, the sheet-anchor of American republicanism. Our Declaration of Independence says: “We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.” – - – Abraham Lincoln, Speech at Peoria, Illinois (1854) http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Abraha…

As Lincoln reminds us, under the republican form, endowed by our Creator, promised by the USCON, instituted by the Declaration of Independence, NO MAN (nor American government) is good enough to govern you without your consent. Without your consent, all that government is authorized to do is secure endowed (sacred) rights (prosecute trespass; adjudicate disputes; defend against enemies, foreign or domestic).

American people who did not consent to be governed have all their Creator endowed rights, powers, privileges, and immunities, that government is oath bound to secure. . . .

Now we can answer the opening questions! . . . What is the actual legal definition and source of the republican form of government?

The republican form is one in which the sovereign people have endowments from their Creator, that government was instituted to secure. They exercise dominion (sovereignty) over themselves, their labor, the fruits of that labor, and the private property they absolutely own.