Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a inserção da ficção científica no ensino de Ciências, no qual buscamos identificar como a ficção científica incorpora elementos na estrutura conceitual dos educandos partindo do pressuposto de que teria um papel de desencadeadora e/ou organizadora da aprendizagem. O filme Jurassic Park foi estudado como constitutivo do conhecimento, transmutando o ficcional no real/racional, possibilitando a organização hierárquica dos conceitos, acrescendo novos elementos na estrutura conceitual dos educandos e atuando, também, na mediação do conhecimento - ora organizando, ora desencadeando.; In this paper, we discuss the development of the science fiction approach in Science education. We are concerned to identify conceptual elements incorporated by students when faced with the science fiction approach in their development of scientific concepts. We use the movie Jurassic Park in this approach and found that the movie can be effective in the mediation of the fictional to the real.

This thesis examines the influence of culture in the national policy formulation processes of Malaysia and Australia. Superficially, these two countries have common stated strategic policy priorities (economic development and social stability), similar Westminster-based architectures of government, and comparable civil services. However, under the influence of culture and history, the two countries‘ policy formulation processes have developed very differently.
In seeking explanations for the similarities and differences in government processes, the thesis demonstrates how cultural and historical experiences influence the policy formulation processes themselves, the associated policy outputs and outcomes, and ultimately the governments‘ ability to achieve their stated strategic policy priorities. It uses a case study of bilateral trade policy formulation to illuminate its findings in a real‘ national policy formulation context.
Some specific examples of cultural and historical experiences shaping the policy formulation processes in Malaysia include: a legacy of pre-colonial (kerajaan) polities which existed in the Malayo-Indonesian archipelago up until the nineteenth century; colonisation by the British; and an omnipresent ethnic ideology‘ resulting from continuing fear of social unrest (experienced dramatically during the racial riots of 1969). In Australia...

The main objective of this paper is to present the subtle passage of rational numbers to the
real numbers, using a construction via Dedekind cuts and other by Cauchy sequences .We
present a construction of rational numbers by equivalence classes, so that the reader has a
foundation that serves as a support for a good understanding of proposed constructions of
real numbers . We use the axiomatic method for buildings that are made on real numbers,
in order to show the existence of an orderly and complete field and characterize it. It
is also discussed, and a more synthesized form, the real numbers and its application to
elementary and high school students.; O objetivo central deste trabalho é apresentar a sutil passagem dos números racionais aos
números reais, utilizando uma construção via Cortes de Dedekind e outra por sequências
de Cauchy. Apresenta-se uma construção dos números racionais por classes de equivalência,
para que o leitor tenha um alicerce que sirva de apoio para um bom entendimento das
construções propostas dos números reais. Utiliza-se o método axiomático para as construções
que são feitas sobre números reais, com o intuito de mostrar a existência de um corpo
ordenado e completo e caracterizá-lo. Discute-se ainda...

This thesis identifies and ranks in order of importance the key factors influencing high net-worth German investors' decisions about US real estate private equity investments. Through research and in-depth interviews with key clients and investment advisors of Taurus Investment Holdings, LLC, each factor is examined based on available data and is ranked in a significance hierarchy according to client responses. Interview results indicate that "Higher Expected Returns in US Real Estate," "Trust in the Investment Advisor/Company," and "Diversification" are the three most influential factors for investor decisions about US real estate investment. Investors reported that exogenous factors such as German and US tax laws, US economic/political climate, and currency exchange rates are not as important. However, these exogenous factors are intimately linked to the more personal factors: both rational (Higher expected returns in US real estate, Diversification benefits) and emotional ones (Trust in the Investment Advisor). Furthermore, investors' decisions to invest in US real estate is crucially dependent on their trust in the investment advisor, regardless of high promised returns or diversification benefits. In a global recession where the sagging US economy and the weakening US dollar have eroded the returns for German investors with US real estate investments...

This note studies, and partially solves, 3 elementary questions about
continuous rational functions on real (and p-adic) algebraic varieties: Can one
restrict such a function to a subvariety? Can one extend such a function from a
subvariety? Which linear equations can be solved using such functions?; Comment: This paper, while correct, is superseded by 1301.5048:
Koll\'ar--Nowak: Continuous rational functions on real and $p$-adic varieties
II

A quantum theoretic representation of real and complex numbers is described
here as equivalence classes of Cauchy sequences of quantum states of finite
strings of qubits. There are 4 types of qubits each with associated single
qubit annihilation creation (a-c) operators that give the state and location of
each qubit type on a 2 dimensional integer lattice. The string states, defined
as finite products of creation operators acting on the qubit vacuum state
correspond to complex rational numbers with real and imaginary components.
These states span a Fock space. Arithmetic relations and operations are defined
for the string states. Cauchy sequences of these states are defined, and the
arithmetic relations and operations lifted to apply to these sequences. Based
on these, equivalence classes of these sequences are seen to have the requisite
properties of real and complex numbers. The representations have some
interesting aspects. Quantum equivalence classes are larger than their
corresponding classical classes, but no new classes are created. There exist
Cauchy sequences such that each state in the sequence is an entangled
superposition of the real and imaginary components, yet the sequence is a real
number. Also, except for coefficients of superposition states...

We consider real versions of Brauer's k(B) conjecture, Olsson's conjecture
and Eaton's conjecture. We prove the real version of Eaton's conjecture for
2-blocks of groups with cyclic defect group and for the principal 2-blocks of
groups with trivial real core. We also characterize G-classes, real and
rational G-classes of the defect group of a block B.

In this work we attempt to generalize our result in [6] [7] for real rings
(not just von Neumann regular real rings). In other words we attempt to
characterize and construct real closure * of commutative unitary rings that are
real. We also make some very interesting and significant discoveries regarding
maximal partial orderings of rings, Baer rings and essentail extension of
rings. The first Theorem itself gives us a noteworthy bijection between maximal
partial orderings of two rings by which one is a rational extension of the
other. We characterize conditions when a Baer reduced ring can be integrally
closed in its total quotient ring. We prove that Baer hulls of rings have
exactly one automorphism (the identity) and we even prove this for a general
case (Lemma 12). Proposition 14 allows us to study essential extensions of
rings and their relation with minimal prime spectrum of the lower ring. And
Theorem 15 gives us a construction of the real spectrum of a ring generated by
adjoining idempotents to a reduced commutative subring (for instance the
construction of Baer hull of reduced commutative rings).
From most of the above interesting theories we prove that there is a
bijection between the real closure * of real rings (upto isomorphisms) and
their maximal partial orderings. We then attempt to develop some topological
theories for the set of real closure * of real rings (upto isomorphism) that
will help us give a topological characterization in terms of the real and prime
spectra of these rings. The topological characterization will be revealed in a
later work. It is noteworthy to point out that we can allow ourself to consider
mostly the minimal prime spectrum of the real ring in order to develop our
topological theories.; Comment: 17pages. Part of PhD dissertation

We prove the existence of nowhere continuous bijections that satisfy the
Costas property, as well as (countably and uncountably) infinite Golomb rulers.
We define and prove the existence of real and rational Costas clouds, namely
nowhere continuous Costas injections whose graphs are everywhere dense in a
region of the real plane, based on nonlinear solutions of Cauchy's functional
equation. We also give 2 constructive examples of a nowhere continuous
function, that satisfies a constrained form of the Costas property (over
rational or algebraic displacements only, that is), based on the indicator
function of a dense subset of the reals.

General Relativity gives that finitely many point masses between an observer
and a light source create many images of the light source. Positions of these
images are solutions of $r(z)=\bar{z},$ where $r(z)$ is a rational function. We
study the number of solutions to $p(z) = \bar{z}$ and $r(z) = \bar{z},$ where
$p(z)$ and $r(z)$ are polynomials and rational functions, respectively. Upper
and lower bounds were previously obtained by Khavinson-\'{S}wi\c{a}tek,
Khavinson-Neumann, and Petters. Between these bounds, we show that any number
of simple zeros allowed by the Argument Principle occurs and nothing else
occurs, off of a proper real algebraic set. If $r(z) = \bar{z}$ describes an
$n$-point gravitational lens, we determine the possible numbers of generic
images.; Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures. To appear in International Mathematics Research
Notices (IMRN)

In this paper the properties of R\'edei rational functions are used to derive
rational approximations for square roots and both Newton and Pad\'e
approximations are given as particular cases. As a consequence, such
approximations can be derived directly by power matrices. Moreover, R\'edei
rational functions are introduced as convergents of particular periodic
continued fractions and are applied for approximating square roots in the field
of p-adic numbers and to study periodic representations. Using the results over
the real numbers, we show how to construct periodic continued fractions and
approximations of square roots which are simultaneously valid in the real and
in the p-adic field.

We consider the connection of functional decompositions of rational functions
over the real and complex numbers, and a question about curves on a Riemann
sphere which are invariant under a rational function.; Comment: 14 pages

This work is based on a description of quantum reference frames that seems
more basic than others in the literature. Here a frame is based on a set of
real and of complex numbers and a space time as a 4-tuple of the real numbers.
There are many isomorphic frames as there are many isomorphic sets of real
numbers. Each frame is suitable for construction of all physical theories as
mathematical structures over the real and complex numbers. The organization of
the frames into a field of frames is based on the representations of real and
complex numbers as Cauchy operators defined on complex rational states of
finite qubit strings. The structure of the field is based on noting that the
construction of real and complex numbers as Cauchy operators in a frame can be
iterated to create new frames coming from a frame. Gauge transformations on the
rational string states greatly expand the number of quantum frames as, for each
gauge U, there is one frame coming from the original frame. Forward and
backward iteration of the construction yields a two way infinite frame field
with satisfying properties. There is no background space time and there are no
real or complex numbers for the field as a whole. Instead these are relative
concepts associated with each frame in the field. Extension to include qukit
strings for different k bases...

This note replaces two earlier preprints (1101.3737 by Koll\'ar) and
(1211.6681 by Nowak). It studies, and partially solves, 3 elementary questions
about continuous rational functions on real (and p-adic) algebraic varieties:
Can one restrict such a function to a subvariety? Can one extend such a
function from a subvariety? Which linear equations can be solved using such
functions? v.2: Section 3 simplified and typos corrected.; Comment: supercedes arXiv:1101.3737

The rational, real and complex numbers with their standard operations,
including division, are partial algebras specified by the axiomatic concept of
a field. Since the class of fields cannot be defined by equations, the theory
of equational specifications of data types cannot use field theory in
applications to number systems based upon rational, real and complex numbers.
We study a new axiomatic concept for number systems with division that uses
only equations: a meadow is a commutative ring with a total inverse operator
satisfying two equations which imply that the inverse of zero is zero. All
fields and products of fields can be viewed as meadows. After reviewing
alternate axioms for inverse, we start the development of a theory of meadows.
We give a general representation theorem for meadows and find, as a corollary,
that the conditional equational theory of meadows coincides with the
conditional equational theory of zero totalized fields. We also prove
representation results for meadows of finite characteristic.

Let X=(x,y). A plane flow is a function F(X,t): R^2*R->R^2 such that
F(F(X,s),t)=F(X,s+t) for (almost) all real numbers x,y,s,t (the function F
might not be well-defined for certain x,y,t). In this paper we investigate
rational plane flows which are of the form F(X,t)=f(Xt)/t; here f is a pair of
rational functions in 2 real variables. These may be called projective flows,
and for a description of such flows only the knowledge of Cremona group in
dimension 1 is needed. Thus, the aim of this work is to completely describe
over R all rational solutions of the two dimensional translation equation
(1-z)f(X)=f(f(Xz)(1-z)/z). We show that, up to conjugation with a 1-homogenic
birational plane transformation (1-BIR), all solutions are as follows: a zero
flow, two singular flows, an identity flow, and one non-singular flow for each
non-negative integer N, called the level of the flow. The case N=0 stands
apart, while the case N=1 has special features as well. Conjugation of these
canonical solutions with 1-BIR produce a variety of flows with different
properties and invariants, depending on the level and on the conjugation
itself. We explore many more features of these flows; for example, there are 1,
4, and 2 essentially different symmetric flows in cases N=0...

We present a solution to the real multidimensional rational K-moment problem,
where K is defined by finitely many polynomial inequalities. More precisely,
let S be a finite set of real polynomials in X=(X_1,...,X_n) such that the
corresponding basic closed semialgebraic set K_S is nonempty. Let E=D^{-1}R[X]
be a localization of the real polynomial algebra, and T_S^E the preordering on
E generated by S. We show that every linear functional L on E that is
nonnegative on T_S^E is represented by a positive measure on a certain subset
of K_S, provided D contains an element that grows fast enough on K_S.; Comment: 20 pages