2.On
14th February, 2005, the Respondent No.1, Balkishan D. Sanghvi, filed suit No.
457 of 2005 in the Bombay High Court for administration of the Estate of his
deceased parents Dwarkadas Sanghvi and Vimlaben Sanghvi, who were also the
parents of the Respondents No.1, 2, 3 and 6. While the Respondents Nos. 2 1, 2
and 6 are the sons of the deceased, the Respondent No.3 is their daughter and
the Respondents Nos. 4 and 5 are her husband and son respectively.

3.During
the pendency of the suit, the Respondent No.1/Plaintiff filed Chamber Summons
No.1270 of 2005 for impleading the Appellants herein as parties to the suit and
to challenge the alienation of two properties, one to Prolific Consultancy
Services (Mumbai) Pvt. Ltd. and the other to the Appellants herein. By judgment
and order dated 13th February, 2006, the learned Single Judge of the Bombay
High Court allowed the Chamber Summons and permitted the plaint to be amended as
a result whereof the appellants herein stood impleaded as defendants Nos.7 to
12 in the suit on the ground that they were necessary parties to the suit,
despite their objection that the Respondent No.8 is a company in which the
Appellants were only 3 share-holders and that they were in no way related to
any of the parties to the suit.

4.The
amendment of the plaint, also had the effect of allowing the Respondent No.1 to
challenge the transactions concluded by Dwarkadas Sanghvi and Vimlaben Sanghvi
and the Appellants herein, before their death.

5.Questioning
the legality of the order, Ms. Meenakshi Arora, learned advocate, submitted
that in a suit for administration of the Estate of a deceased, transactions
concluded by the deceased during his lifetime cannot be called into question.
Consequently, those with whom such transactions had been entered into were not
necessary parties in such suit. Ms. Arora submitted that the High Court had
committed a fundamental error in holding that transactions entered into and
concluded by the deceased during their lifetime could be questioned after their
death in administration proceedings of their Estate, and thereby erroneously
impleaded 4 the appellants as parties to the administration suit.

6.In
support of her submissions, Ms. Arora firstly referred to the decision of this
Court in Sunil Gupta vs. Kiran Girhotra, [2007 (8) SCC 506], where an almost
identical question, as has been raised in this matter, had arisen in respect of
a probate proceeding. The question posed in the said matter was whether a
purchaser of a property belonging to the deceased testator should be impleaded
as a party in a probate proceeding. While answering the said question, this
Court held that since a probate can be granted only to an Executor appointed by
a Will, a transferee of a property during the pendency of such a proceeding is
not a necessary party.

7.As
an offshoot of her main argument, Ms. Arora submitted that, in any event, in a
probate proceeding the Court does not decide any question of title in respect
of the Estate of 5 the deceased and any order passed in the proceedings acts
as an order in rem. Ms. Arora submitted that even on such score, the appellants
were not necessary parties to the administration suit and their impleadment in
the suit by the High Court was wholly erroneous. In support of her said
argument, Ms. Arora referred to and relied upon the judgment of this Court in
the case of Chiranjilal Shrilal Goenka vs. Jasjit Singh & Ors. [1993 (2)
SCC 507], wherein Ms. Arora's submissions are fully reflected with approval.

Reference was also
made to the decision of this Court in (1) Ghulam Qadir vs. Special Tribunal and
Ors.,[2002 (1) SCC 33] and (2) Krishna Kumar Birla vs. Rajendra Singh Lodha and
Ors. [2008 (4) SCC 300], where the same views have been expressed.

8.Ms.
Arora's submissions were opposed by Mr. Hariharan and Mr. Subramonium Prasad,
learned advocates, who appeared for the respondent 6 No.1. It was submitted
that when the Estate of a deceased is involved, the Court in seisin of the
proceedings relating to the administration of the said Estate was entitled to
scrutinize transactions which had taken place in respect of any property
forming part of such Estate.

It was submitted
that, in fact, such a course of action was also pragmatic as it would eliminate
the prospect of multiplicity of proceedings.

9.Mr.
Subramonium Prasad submitted that the High Court had quite correctly allowed
the impleadment of the appellants in the suit filed by the respondent No.1
where all questions relating to and involving the Estate of Dwarkadas Sanghvi
and Vimlaben Sanghvi would be resolved with finality.

10.Having
considered the rival submissions of the parties, we are unable to accept Ms.
Arora's objections to the impleadment of the appellants 7 as necessary parties
in the administration suit filed by the respondent No. 1, particularly when
both Dwarkadas Sanghvi and Vimlaben Sanghvi had died intestate.

11.It
is well settled that in an administration suit, the Court, while considering
the grant of authority to an individual having an interest in the Estate of the
deceased to administer the Estate, has also to determine the extent of the
estate of the deceased at the time of his death to facilitate the distribution
of the estate to all the heirs of the deceased. It is equally well settled that
during such enquiry the Court is not called upon to determine the right and
title of the parties in the properties of the Estate, but to ascertain the
extent of the properties of the Estate. The decision in Chiranjilal Shrilal
Goenka's case (supra), applies to probate proceedings where it has been held
that the probate Court does not decide any question of title or even the 8
existence of the property itself. In administration suits in respect of a
person who dies intestate, the position is different. The Court while
appointing an Administrator in an administration suit to administer the Estate
of the decease, who dies intestate, may be required to examine transactions
involving the properties of the Estate in order to determine the assets of the
Estate as on the date of death of the owner thereof. Consequently, the
impleadment of persons who may be involved in some transaction or the other
concerning the Estate of the deceased, may become necessary for a decision in an
administration suit. The High Court has noted this fact while allowing the
prayer of the respondent No.1 for impleading the appellants as parties to the
administration suit.

12.The
decisions cited by Ms. Arora are in relation to Probate proceedings where either
probate is to be granted or Letters of 9 Administration are to be given to an
applicant having an interest in the Estate of the deceased. The circumstances
in an administration suit where a person dies intestate are, however,
different. The learned Single Judge of the High Court has correctly indicated
that in an administration suit, the dispute between the parties relating to the
title of the deceased in respect of his properties, can be gone into in an
administration suit and that there is no bar to a Court determining the
validity of transactions allegedly entered into by or on behalf of the
deceased, whose Estate is to be administered. In Appendix "D" to the
Code of Civil Procedure which deals with the forms of decrees in different suits,
Form 17 indicates the form in which preliminary decrees in Administration Suits
are to be passed.

Paragraph 3 of the
Form deals with suits filed by the next of kin of the deceased who dies
intestate, as in the instant case, and provides 10 for an inquiry to be made
and account taken of what or of what share, if any, the plaintiff is entitled
to as next-of-kin in the moveable properties of the Estate. However, if the
moveable properties of the deceased are found to be insufficient for carrying
out the objects of the suit, then by virtue of paragraph 10 of the Form the
Court may order an inquiry as to what immovable property the deceased was
seized of or entitled to at the time of his death and what encumbrances, if
any, affect the immovable property of the deceased or any part thereof.

The said inquiry, in
our view might also include the transactions with the appellants herein which
had purportedly been concluded by the owners of the properties themselves
during their life time, in order to ascertain whether the said properties
continued to form part of the Estate of the deceased at the time of their
death.

13.We,
therefore, have little hesitation in holding that the High Court had not
committed any error in allowing the amendments to the plaint which had the
effect of impleading the appellants as parties to the administration suit filed
by the respondent No.1 and permitting the respondent No.1 to question the
transactions entered into by the owners of the Estate with third parties. The
order of the High Court does not warrant any interference and the appeal must,
therefore, be dismissed.

14.We,
accordingly, dismiss the appeal and affirm the judgment and order of the High
Court allowing the amendments to the plaint for impleading the appellants as
parties to the administration suit filed by the respondent No.1 and for
scrutinizing the transactions which were alleged to have been concluded by the
parents of the respondent Nos. 1 to 4 during their lifetime.