An improvement is provided in the regeneration system of agueous regenerative processes for the removal of SO.sub.2 from SO.sub.2 -containing gas streams which have a scrubbing system containing (1) a scrubbing zone through which a recirculating stream of sodium, potassium or ammoniu

A coal liquefaction process is provided in which a hydrogen donor solvent is used in the liquefaction of the coal. The process is designed to maintain the hydrogen donor solvent in balance by hydrogenation of the spent hydrogen donor solvent and selected precursors of the hydrogen donor

A coal liquefaction process is provided in which a hydrogen donor solvent is used to at least partially liquefy the coal. The process is maintained in hydrogen donor solvent balance by treatment of selected products obtained in the course of the coal liquefaction process. The required

A coal liquefaction process is provided in which a hydrogen donor solvent is used in the liquefaction of the coal. The process is designed to maintain the hydrogen donor solvent in balance by hydrogenation of the spent hydrogen donor solvent and precursors of the hydrogen donor solvent

A coal liquefaction process is provided in which a hydrogen donor solvent is used to at least partially liquefy the coal. The process is maintained in hydrogen donor solvent balance by treatment of products obtained in the course of the coal liquefaction process. The required balance is

a method for recovering hydrocarbons from a petroliferous formation is disclosed. The method comprises injecting into a petroliferous formation an effective amount of an aqueous mixture which contains about 0.5 to about 25 weight percent of an alkali metal hydrocarbon sulfonate mixture

A method for determining the amount of residual oil remaining in an oil bearing formation after primary production which includes the sequential steps of:A. logging the formation to obtain logging data measurements of the relative quantities of residual oil and formation water present in

A fluid-filled amplifier cell for laser generation comprises an elongated housing wherein at least one end contains, within the cell, a window supported at the Brewster angle and wherein such end is plugged with a mirror.

A zone of increased heat and enhanced fluid mobility is established between an injection well and a production well vertically traversing a heavy oil (bitumen, tar) reservoir by (a) first horizontally hydraulically fracturing between the wells, and (b) then injecting hot water and/or

The present invention is an improvement in the known process of making a coking feedstock from non-caking or weakly caking coals for slot-type coke ovens wherein the coal is subjected to solvent extraction; and at least the non-distillable extract in the effluent slurry product, after re

A method for producing ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in a molar ratio (NH.sub.3 /H.sub.2 S) from about 2.8 to about 3.7 from an aqueous ammonium thiosulfate solution by a method consisting essentially of: (a) contacting the aqueous ammonium thiosulfate solution with hydrogen sulfide at a

A gasification process is disclosed using a synthetic CO.sub.2 acceptor consisting essentially of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide and calcium carbonate supported in a refractory carrier matrix, the carrier having the general formula Ca.sub.5

An improved method and apparatus for producing hardened carbonaceous agglomerates from a feedstock selected from the group consisting of finely divided coal solids, finely divided coal-derived solids and hydrocarbonaceous binders is disclosed.

An apparatus for compacting, degassing and carbonizing carbonaceous agglomerates, the apparatus comprising a rotary kiln having an agglomerate inlet means for introducing green agglomerates into the kiln near the inlet of the kiln and a heating medium inlet for introducing a heating

An improvement is provided in the regeneration system of aqueous regenerative processes for the removal of SO.sub.2 from SO.sub.2 -containing gas streams which have a scrubbing system containing (1) a scrubbing zone through which a recirculating stream of sodium or potassium thiosulf

In methods for combusting carbonaceous sulfur-containing fuels in a fluidized bed wherein the fluidized bed contains at least one calcium compound selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and calcium bicarbonate to absorb sulfur oxides

A method for converting calcium sulfoxy compounds selected from the group consisting of CaSO.sub.x and Ca(HSO.sub.x).sub.2 and their hydrates wherein x is 3 or 4 into calcium carbonate, the method consisting essentially of; converting the Ca(HSO.sub.x).sub.2 compounds into CaSO.sub.x

An improved process for making metallurgical coke is provided as follows. An effluent slurry consisting essentially of coal extract, solvent and undissolved coal is obtained from the liquefaction of coal by solvent extraction. Solvent is removed from the slurry by distillation to produce

A synthetic CO.sub.2 acceptor comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide and calcium carbonate supported in a refractory carrier matrix of the general formula 3CaO(SiO.sub.2).sub.x (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3).sub.1-x wherein x is from about 0 to about

An improved method for increasing alumina pore volumes said alumina being produced by the hydrolysis of aluminum alkoxides, the improvement comprising diluting the aluminum alkoxide, prior to entering the hydrolysis reactor, with an alkanol containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and inj

A gasoline boiling range hydrocarbon stream obtained by fractionation of overhead vapors from a delayed coker is treated for removal of organic silicon compounds prior to being processed in a desulfurizer and catalytic reformer. The stream is treated by a bed of material such as alumina,

A centrifugal oil-water separator comprising an inner spinning bowl having openings near the lower outer periphery for passage of water therefrom into an outer bowl which remains stationary. The oil-water mixture is passed to the upper center of the spinning bowl with separation of the o

A catalyst having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R is 0 or an alkyl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and wherein P is a polystyrene polymer backbone, where the 6-member ring is part of the polymer. The catalyst is useful for converting olefins to aldehydes in high yiel

A conveyor apparatus for moving a slurry line supported above the ground by a plurality of wheeled carts which are interconnected by one or more linkages, through a 180.degree. bend by having a disc journaled to a platform through the axis of the disc. Notches are formed in the periphery

Data useful for evaluating the effectiveness of or designing an enhanced recovery process said process involving mobilizing and moving hydrocarbons through a hydrocarbon bearing subterranean formation from an injection well to a production well by injecting a mobilizing fluid into the

A method for deriving seismic information through the simultaneous operation of a plurality of vibrational seismic energy source systems such that the information produced by each source system may be separated from the combined recorded information.

In an enhanced recovery process involving flooding of subterranean formations with aqueous mixtures of biopolymers, filterability of the biopolymer is synergistically enhanced by treatment with ESPERASE.RTM. enzyme at a pH range of 12.5 to 13.0. The range is narrow and exclusive sinc

An electronic guidance system for a push drill that is remotely guided by the operator. The system functions to maintain continual indication as to the attitude of the drilling apparatus, i.e., pitch, roll and distance to rock formations overlying or underlying the drilled stratum, with

A method for converting calcium sulfoxy compounds selected from the group consisting of CaSO.sub.x and Ca(HSO.sub.x).sub.2 where x is 3 or 4, into calcium carbonate by a method consisting essentially of: (a) converting the Ca(HSO.sub.x).sub.2 compounds into CaSO.sub.x compounds by reacti

A high pressure seal is formed between a stationary piston and a reciprocating cylinder. The seal includes a sleeve which has an inner diameter dimensioned to permit the cylinder to slide freely over the piston rod, the sleeve being in rigid contact at one end to the cylinder and the

A method for desulfurizing a gaseous mixture such as flue gas by sequentially contacting the gaseous mixture with an aqueous solution containing ammonium thiosulfate in a first zone; an aqueous solution containing ammonia and ammonium thiosulfate in a second zone; and an aqueous solu

In a process for hydrocracking heavy polynuclear carbonaceous feedstocks to produce lighter hydrocarbon fuels by contacting the heavy feedstocks with hydrogen in the presence of a molten metal halide catalyst in a hydrocracking zone, thereafter separating at least a major portion of the

A wireline retrievable, subsurface tubing safety valve that is opened and held open by the transmission of electric current from the surface. Interruption of the current supply results in automatic closure of the valve. The device includes a pressure equalizing valve which enables the

A means is provided for protecting off-shore platforms from damage to interior portions by inadvertantly dropped heavy objects such as drill collars. The invention comprises a crash barrier having a penetration resistant mat overlying a foamed thermoplastic or rubber shock absorbant.

A device for facilitating directional drilling of small diameter holes radially of a mine long hole comprising a segmented sleeve for movement through a guide channel in a main drill unit. A small bit is driven by a flexible shaft which passes through the segmented sleeve. The segmented

Apparatus and method for determining the tensile load on a mine roof bolt, which is indicative of the support provided by the bolt. The device comprises a hammer for striking a roof bolt to produce a sound pulse, a microphone for picking up the sound pulse, and a sound comparator having

This disclosure concerns an improved process for preparing a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricant composition, said composition consisting essentially of di-long-chain alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons. The improved process is directed to a two-step alkylation process, using linear

Trimethylhydroquinone (TMHQ) which is discolored in organic solution because of air oxidation can be made nearly colorless by addition of small amounts of alkali metal borohydride to the discolored solution. Products remaining in the TMHQ solution after discoloration removal can be e

A solvent extraction coal conversion process is provided wherein the effluent slurry product is subjected to vacuum distillation to yield distillate and extrudable still bottoms. The latter are removed from the vacuum still by means of an extrusion screw which is operatively associat

Early detection of cracks in non-permeable, structural members subject to stress is effected before the cracks traverse the member by:(a) forming a cavity in the structural member or adjacent thereto such that a crack forming in the structural member provides a passage for a fluid to flo

Polymer buildup in polymerization reactions during vinyl chloride polymerizations is greatly reduced by applying a water dispersion of alumina and oxalyl bis(benzylidenehydrazide) (OABH) to the reactor surfaces exposed to the polymerization medium prior to carrying out the polymeriza

In a process for the production of hydrogen-rich gas from a fuel gas containing carbon monoxide and other components, the fuel gas is contacted in a formate synthesis zone with an aqueous solution containing sodium or potassium carbonate and/or bicarbonate under conditions effective to

A method for maintaining suitable velocity or velocity range in a slurry pipeline system of the type with a water pipeline return and slurried material pipeline output with more than one slurry injection point. A single set of primary pipelines, one water and one slurry, is able to s

An input for a sump for uniformly distributing material along the length of the sump has a support mounted above and along the length of the sump with a flexible pipe extending over the sump and moveably attached to the support. One end is connected to a discharge outlet which is positio

Shale oil is recovered from a horizontal oil shale deposit having an exposed vertical surface by:(a) tunneling a horizontal sloping tunnel under a portion of the deposit, optionally using material removed from the tunnel to form a service terrace,(b) shaping and lining the floor of the t

The present invention relates to a seismic transducer for generating waves in an elastic medium and is particularly applicable to the generation of low frequency shear waves. The transducer is comprised of a mass member having more than one parallel hydraulic cylinder disposed therein, a

The integrity of corrosion prevention sheaths of corrosive-resistant metal employed to prevent member corrosion on off-shore platforms is monitored by incorporation of a pressure sensing line sealed into the zone between the sheath and the member. This apparatus allows monitoring members