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What "have bedeviled psychiatric research"

If the subject is "failure", it should be "failures."

Context:

The diagnostic classification scheme (e.g., DSM-IV) upon which both research and clinical practice rely is derived from expert consensus based on clusters of symptoms and signs and disease course. As a result, failure to delineate well-defined disease entities and to reliably assign individuals, to affected versus nonaffected status have bedeviled psychiatric research.