AZM AZPB70Q

AZPB70
Programmer Board Kit for AZT70/71
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DESCRIPTION
FEATURES
The AZPB70 programmer board kit is a PC based assembly that enables
prototyping and bench testing of the AZT70 and AZT71 Programmable
Capacitive Tuning ICs. It may also be used in production to simplify
tuning. The AZT70/71 is a digitally programmed capacitor specifically
designed to tune a crystal or SAW based oscillator to a desired center
frequency. The desired capacitance value for production trimming is set
by a serial data stream when placed into a programming mode. They are
designed to be a labor and cost saving devices within the oscillator
production process.
•
•
•
Using EEPROM technology, the capacitance can be re-tuned as needed
during the production process by repeating the programming steps
thereby increasing production yield.
APPLICATIONS
INCLUDED HARDWARE
•
Table 1 – AZPB70 included hardware
Item
Qty
Description
1
1
AZPB70 Programmer
Board
2
1
Programming Socket
Adapter Board (SON8)
3
1
6 Pin Ribbon Cable
4
1
10' USB Cable (A-B)
5
1
USB Drive (AZM Logo)
Programmer board kit for
AZT70 and AZT71 capacitive
tuning ICs
Reprogrammable through
nonvolatile EEPROM storage
Software to be used with
Windows XP SP2, Windows
Vista, & Windows 7 operating
systems
Comments
TSOT6 & MLP6 adapter
boards are optionally available
for AZT71
Connects programmer board
to socket adapter board
Connects programmer board
to PC
Contains driver program and
PC software
•
Fast production tuning of crystal
or SAW oscillators
Filters requiring capacitive tuning
PACKAGE OPTIONS
•
•
•
SON8 (1.5mm x 1.0mm)
TSOT6
o AZT71 only
MLP6 (2.0mm x 2.0mm)
o AZT71 only
Part Number (PN)
Package
Notes
AZPB70Q
AZPB70H
AZPB70M
SON8
TSOT6
MLP6
AZT71 only
AZT71 only
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May 2012, Rev 1.2
Arizona Microtek, Inc.
AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
HARDWARE OVERVIEW
The AZPB70 programmer board comes with all the hardware listed in Table 1. These hardware parts are necessary to
complete the setup shown in Figure 1 which is used to evaluate the AZT70 and AZT71 capacitive tuning ICs. For
production programming and measurement, the AZT70/71 should be soldered onto the oscillator PCB board where the 3
programming pins are accessible through the PCB substrate (Figure 2). Figure 3 and Figure 4 detail the top & bottom
views of the programmer board, respectively.
RESONATOR
OSCILLATOR
OUT
USB Cable
6 pin ribbon cable
Programmer PCB
Measurement
device
X1
Socket adapter board
Figure 1 – AZPB70 Hardware setup for evaluation
RESONATOR
OSCILLATOR
OUT
USB Cable
AZT70/71
DA X
1
CLK
PV
6 pin ribbon
cable
Programming pins accessed
through PCB substrate
Programmer PCB
Measurement
device
Figure 2 – AZPB70 hardware setup for production
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
Figure 3 - Programmer PCB Top View
Figure 4 - Programmer PCB Bottom View
The Programmer Board connects to the Programming Socket Adapter Board through a 6-pin ribbon cable. Table 2 details
the pin connections between the 2 boards with respect to the packages available for the AZT70/71. Figure 5, Figure 6, and
Figure 7 shows the Programming Socket Adapter Boards for the Q package, H package, and M package, respectively.
Table 2 – Programmer Board to Programming Socket Adapter Board Pin Interconnect
Programmer Board
Programming Socket Adapter Board
Signal
Name
Ribbon Cable Pin
AZT70/71 SON8
Package Pin
AZT71 MLP6
Package Pin
AZT71 TSOT6
Package Pin
X1
1
1
1
1
VSS
2
3
2
2
VDD
3
4
3
6
DA
4
5
4
5
CLK
5
6
5
4
PV
6
8
6
3
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
Figure 5 - Q-SON8 Programming Socket Adapter Board (Top & Bottom View)
Figure 6 - MLP6 Programming Socket Adapter Board (Top & Bottom View)
Figure 7 - TSOT6 Programming Socket Adapter Board (Top & Bottom View)
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
SOFTWARE OVERVIEW
The AZPB70 software operates under Windows XP SP2+, Windows Vista and Windows 7 operating systems. The
software package includes a USB driver and a PC based interface program.
DRIVER INSTALLATION
Install the USB software driver before plugging the programmer board into the USB port. *Note – User must have
administrator rights to computer. Plug the USB flash drive into an unused USB port on the computer. Run the program
entitled “/Software/CP210x_VCP_Win_XP_S2K3_Vista_7.exe” from the USB flash drive and follow the on-screen
instructions. After driver installation, plug the programmer board into a USB port on the computer.
PROGRAM INSTALLATION
Copy the file “/Software/AZT70_71Programmer.exe” from the USB flash drive into the desired directory on the computer
hard disk.
AZT70/71 MODE SELECTION
Jumper JPR1 on the programming board selects the AZT70 or AZT71 mode. It is located next to the 6-pin ribbon cable
connector (Figure 8). The programmer board enters the AZT71 mode without the jumper. The programmer board enters
the AZT70 mode when the jumper is installed.
Figure 8 – Programmer board jumper location
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
PROGRAM OPERATION
Make sure the USB cable is connected to the PC and the programmer board. Start the program by double clicking on the
“AZT70_71Programmer.exe” icon. The computer then shows the following window.
Figure 9 – Program window
The programmer window contains four sections: IC/Status, Read Operations, Cap Control and Write Operations.
IC/STATUS
The ‘IC’ field shows the chip type selected by jumper on the programming board, either the AZT70 or AZT71. The
‘STATUS’ field gives the results of the most recent programmer operation.
READ OPERATIONS
Pressing the ‘Read Capacitance’ button starts a read sequence of each EEPROM bit. The ‘Cap. Setting’ field shows the
equivalent capacitance based on the bit states. The ‘CTotal’ field adds the fixed capacitance to give the total capacitance
seen at the X1 pin.
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
CAP CONTROL (CLK)
The logic level of the CLK input controls the source of the capacitance set commands. If the CLK pin is high, the
capacitance value follows the register contents selected through the ‘Set Capacitance’ button. If the CLK pin is low, the
capacitance value follows the non-volatile EEPROM contents set through the ‘Program EEPROM’ button. The ‘Cap
Control (CLK)’ field shows the state of the CLK input, either ‘Register’ or ‘EEPROM.’
WRITE OPERATIONS
Pressing the ‘Set Capacitance’ button places the contents of the ‘Chi’, ’Cmid’, and ’Clo’ binary bit fields into the internal
AZT70/71 registers. The ‘Chi’ bit field has no effect for the AZT70 since only the AZT71 contains the Chi selectable
capacitor.
Pressing the ‘Program EEPROM’ button erases the part, and then programs the EEPROM with the contents of Chi
(AZT71 only), Cmid, and Clo.
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
PROGRAMMING THE AZT70/71
Programming the AZT70/71 is a simple procedure using the included software and programmer board. The
following sections describe the internal functions of the software and programmer board in detail.
CONTROL WORD
The capacitance in the AZT70/71 is controlled by an 11-bit shift register with the data input bit definitions shown in Table
3 and Table 4. The control word data is inputted serially on the rising edge of the CLK signal with bit0 first and bit10 last.
Table 3 - AZT70 Control Word Definition
bit10
bit9
Not Used
Not Used
bit8
MSB
11-bit Control Word
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
Cmid
Clo
---
LSB
MSB
---
---
bit2
bit1
---
LSB
bit0
Not Used
Table 4 - AZT71 Control Word Definition
bit10
bit9
bit8
Chi
MSB
bit7
11-bit Control Word
bit6
bit5
bit4
Cmid
LSB
MSB
---
bit3
bit2
bit1
---
LSB
Clo
LSB
MSB
---
---
bit0
Not Used
The control word mapping is binary weighted for each of Chi, Cmid and Clo where higher number bits are more significant.
Figure 10 shows the capacitance value mapping for the AZT70. The detailed Nominal Capacitance Binary Mapping for
both the AZT70 and AZT71 can be located on the AZM website.
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
Figure 10 - AZT70 Capacitance Value Mapping
AZT70/71 FUNCTIONAL MODES
The AZT70/71 is designed to be used in 2 functional modes, Programming and Operational.
In the Programming mode, the AZT70/71 is used by the manufacturer to set the capacitance value to control the desired
center frequency of the oscillator. The programming mode uses either the shift registers or EEPROM (detailed later) and
gives the manufacturer access to pins DA, CLK, and PV which allow the AZT70/71 to be programmed with the
(AZPB70) along with the included software (Figure 11).
In the Operational mode, the EEPROM internal to the AZT70/71 has already been programmed with the desired factory
settings. Pins DA, CLK, and PV are to be disconnected, thereby allowing the AZT70/71’s internal pull-downs to place the
pins at ground potential. In the operational mode, only 3 pins are necessary for hookup (Figure 12).
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
VDD
DA
DA
AZT70/71
Programming
CLK
Board
(AZPB70)
X1
CLK
PV
PV
VSS
OUT
RESONATOR
OSCILLATOR
Figure 11 – AZT70/71 in Programming Mode
VDD
NC
DA
AZT70/71
X1
NC
CLK
NC
PV
VSS
OUT
RESONATOR
OSCILLATOR
Figure 12 – AZT70/71 in Operational Mode
PROGRAMMING MODES
The AZT70/71 has two capacitance setting modes from which bits are set and the matching capacitors are selected. Note
that all the following described operations can be simply controlled through the included software and programmer
board detailed previously.
•
Reading directly from the shift register
o This is useful for testing the capacitance and subsequent oscillator frequency. This mode is active after
the last bit is shifted in and when the CLK pin is left logic high. For the shift register, capacitors are
selected when bits are active HIGH.
•
Reading from the value contained in the EEPROM
o Prevents customer adjustment and retains factory programming and is active when the CLK pin is at logic
low or not connected. For the EEPROM, capacitors are selected when bits are active LOW.
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
PROGRAMMING FROM THE SHIFT REGISTER
To initially determine the capacitance value for the desired center frequency of the oscillator one should set the
capacitance of the AZT70/71 directly from the active shift register bits. To accomplish this, the CLK pin is left high after
the last control word bit has been shifted in. Figure 13 shows the control word 11001100100 has been serially entered into
the register. Note that bit0 is the 1st bit to enter and bit10 is the last. In the AZT70, bit0, bit9 & bit10 do not affect the
capacitance value but still must be included in the serial bit stream. For the shift register, capacitors are selected when bits
are active HIGH.
bit 0
DA
bit 1
bit 2
bit 3
bit 4
bit 5
bit 6
bit 7
bit 8
bit 9
bit 10
Register data
active when
CLK is high
bit 0
loaded 1st
CLK
t
Figure 13 - Shift register programming
WRITING DATA TO THE EEPROM
Once the desired capacitance value has been determined, the digital control word can be written or re-written into the
EEPROM. By storing the control word in the EEPROM, the customer is prevented from making adjustments from the
factory set programming data. This is accomplished within the AZT70/71 with internal pull-downs on the DA, PV, and
CLK pins. The detailed sequence for writing data to the EEPROM within the AZT70/71 is described in Table 5. Note that
with EEPROM, capacitors are selected when bits are active LOW.
Table 5 – Data writing sequence for EEPROM
Step
1
Action
Determine the desired capacitor control word with the operational power supply voltage and
desired oscillator conditions
2
Set the VDD supply voltage to +5.0V
3
If EEPROM is not already erased, erase EEPROM (see ERASING THE EEPROM)
4
Read the current state of the EEPROM bits (see READING BACK FROM THE EEPROM)
5
Compare the desired control word to the stored EEPROM control word. Count the number of
differences so as to prevent double/redundant writing
6
One bit at a time, load the first desired control word bit (bit selection for EEPROM is active LOW)
7
Set the PV pin to +6V (≥5.6V, ≤6.1V) with the pulse and idle shown in timing diagram (Figure 15)
8
Progress through all necessary control word bits by repeating steps 5 & 6 until all bits are set to the
desired control word.
9
Verify the correct EEPROM contents by reading back the individual bits
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
For an example of writing bits into the EEPROM, suppose the desired capacitance is 3.43pF (AZT70). The control word
becomes ‘00000010100’ (Figure 14). Also suppose the EEPROM bits have been erased and therefore logic high (The
AZT70/71 is initially shipped in this condition). Since bit0 is the first bit to be loaded, the bit sequence becomes 0-0-1-01-0-0-0-0-0-0. However, as described before, selecting bits for the EEPROM are active LOW, which will invert the
logical values in the sequence to 1-1-0-1-0-1-1-1-1-1-1 (Figure 15). Note the differences between the EEPROM bits and
the converted control word. Since there are 2 differences, two write cycles are required as only 1 bit should be written at a
time. Figure 15 shows the timing for bit2 while Figure 16 shows the timing for bit4. Note that all the just described
operations are internally performed through the included software and programmer board detailed previously.
bit 0
bit 1
bit 2
bit 3
bit 4
bit 5
bit 6
bit 7
bit 8
bit 9
bit 10
Figure 14 – Desired control word
bit 0
bit 1
bit 0
bit 1
bit 2
bit 3
bit 4
bit 5
bit 6
bit 7
bit 8
bit 9
bit 10
bit 5
bit 6
bit 7
bit 8
bit 9
bit 10
DA
difference
bit 2
difference
bit 3
bit 4
EEPROM
Figure 15 – Converted control word and differences from known EEPROM states
bit 0
DA
bit 1
bit 2
bit 3
bit 4
bit 5
bit 6
bit 0
loaded 1st
bit 7
bit 8
bit 9
bit 10
bit 10
loaded last
CLK
10ms
min
≥5.6V,
≤6.1V
4µs
min
PV
t
Figure 16 – First programming cycle to program bit2 into the EEPROM
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bit 0
DA
AZPB70
bit 1
bit 2
bit 3
bit 4
bit 5
bit 6
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
bit 7
bit 8
bit 9
bit 0
loaded 1st
bit 10
bit 10
loaded last
CLK
10ms
min
≥5.6V,
≤6.1V
4µs
min
PV
t
Figure 17 – Second programming cycle to program bit4 into the EEPROM
READING BACK FROM THE EEPROM
During programming, the PV pin is used to program the necessary control bits into the EEPROM. However, it is also used
to read the bits currently programmed into the EEPROM. When the PV pin is not used during programming, the
AZT70/71 provides a weak pull-up and pull-down on the pin. This allows the EEPROM data to be shifted out to the PV
pin and read after the CLK sequence is complete and when the DA & CLK pins are high (Figure 18). Each EEPROM bit is
selected by setting the DA signal low (EEPROM selection is active low) during the CLK sequence. With an external
68kΩ resistor pull-up to VDD on the PV pin, a low EEPROM bit produces ≤ 0.4V level while a high EEPROM bit
produces a ≥ 0.6*VDD level. Note that all the just described operations are internally performed through the included
software and programmer board detailed previously.
bit 0
DA
bit 1
bit0
loaded 1st
bit 2
bit 3
bit 4
bit 5
bit 6
bit 7
bit 8
bit 9
bit5
selected
bit 10
bit10
loaded last
CLK
≥ 0.6*VDD
PV
With an external 68kΩ resistor pull-up to VDD
indeterminate
≤ 0.4V
Resulting voltage if
bit5 was high in
EEPROM
Resulting voltage if
bit5 was low in
EEPROM
t
Figure 18 – Timing diagram to read bits from EEPROM
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
ERASING THE EEPROM
The EEPROM can be erased by initiating a programming cycle with all DA bits set high, including bit9 and bit10. After
the programming cycle, all the EEPROM bits are set low (logical high) except for the check bit (bit0), which remains
high. Note that all the just described operations are internally performed through the included software and
programmer board detailed previously.
Table 6 – Erase sequence for EEPROM
Step
Action
1
Set the VDD supply voltage to +5.0V
2
Load the programming word bits all high.
3
Set the PV pin to +6V (≥5.6V, ≤6.1V) with the pulse and idle shown in timing diagram (Figure 19)
4
Verify the correct EEPROM contents by reading back the individual bits
bit 0
DA
bit 1
bit 2
bit 3
bit 4
bit 5
bit 6
bit 7
bit 8
bit 9
bit0
loaded 1st
bit 10
bit10
loaded last
CLK
EEPROM has
been erased
(no capacitors
selected)
10ms
min
≥5.6V,
≤6.1V
4µs
min
PV
t
Figure 19 – Programming Sequence for erasing the EEPROM
PROGRAMMING VOLTAGE LIMIT CIRCUIT
Some existing programming circuits use a current source connected to a 6.5 – 8.0 V supply. That circuit produces an
excessive voltage on the PV pin, which can damage the AZT70/71. A simple modification eliminates the issue and
maintains full programming compatibility with existing programming methods. A 5.6 V, ½ watt Zener, 1N5232B or
equivalent, placed between the PV pin and ground will limit the voltage while still allowing the programming circuit to
generate the current required for programming fuse link type parts.
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AZPB70
Programmer Board for AZT70/71
Arizona Microtek, Inc. reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without prior notice.
Arizona Microtek, Inc. makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for
any particular purpose, nor does Arizona Microtek, Inc. assume any liability arising out of the application or use of
any product or circuit and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special,
consequential or incidental damages. Arizona Microtek, Inc. does not convey any license rights nor the rights of
others. Arizona Microtek, Inc. products are not designed, intended or authorized for use as components in systems
intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Arizona Microtek, Inc.
product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Arizona
Microtek, Inc. products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold
Arizona Microtek, Inc. and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all
claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of
personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that
Arizona Microtek, Inc. was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part.
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