Dependency thesis diversity thesis

In traditional programming, the flow of the business logic is determined by objects that are statically bound to one another. With inversion of control, the flow depends on the object graph that is built up during program execution. Such a dynamic flow is made possible by object interactions that are defined through abstractions. This run-time binding is achieved by mechanisms such as dependency injection or a service locator . In IoC, the code could also be linked statically during compilation, but finding the code to execute by reading its description from external configuration instead of with a direct reference in the code itself.

As ___ writes on the issue of Latin America, “Obviously, Latin American societies have been built as a consequence of the expansion of European and American capitalism. Although less obvious, there are also features of capitalism common to developed and dependent countries. However, by excluding from the explanatory model social struggles and particular relations (economic, social, and political), that give momentum to specific dominated societies, these kinds of interpretation oversimplify history and lead to error: they do not offer accurate characterizations of societal structures, nor do they grasp the dynamic aspect of history actualized by social struggles in dependent societies” (Cardoso & Faletto, 1979: xv). Cardoso & Faletto give an example of the issues of merely looking at economic dependency theory without also examining non-economic international factors to better understand economic development in countries when they compare different countries in Latin America. They say: “…the expansion of capitalism in Bolivia and Venezuela, in Mexico or Peru, in Brazil and Argentina, in spite of having been submitted to the same global dynamic of international capitalism, didm not have the same history or consequences. The differences are rooted not only in the diversity of natural resources, nor just in the different periods in which these economies have been incorporated into the international system (although these factors have played some role). Their explanation must also lie in the different moments at which sectors of local classes allied or clashed with foreign interests, organized different forms of state, sustained distinct ideologies, or tried to implement various policies or defined alternative strategies to cope with imperialist challenges in diverse moments in history” (xvii).