א
The "aleph" is the first letter of the Hebrew alephbet. This consonant is silent.

ב
The "beyt" is pronounced two different ways. If the letter appears with a "dagesh" in the middle of the letter (בּ), it is pronounced "b" as in ball. If the letter appears without the "dagesh" (ב), it is pronounced "v" as in visit. When the "beyt" is prefixed to a word it means "in" or "with."

Vowels

אָ
The qamats. This vowel, which is placed under the consonant, is pronounced "a" as in father. (Note: The aleph here is not part of the vowel, it is simply used here to show the placement of the vowel only)