Botulinum Toxin Injections -- Cosmetic

Definition

Botulinum toxin is made from a type of bacteria. It is toxic to the nerves. Another name for it is bacterial neurotoxin. An injection puts this toxin into muscle. There, it blocks the chemical signal from the nerves to the muscles. This will decrease the muscle contraction (tightening).

There are several types and brands of this toxin. Examples include Botox, Dysport, and Reloxin, which are formulations of botulinum toxin type A. Myobloc is another brand, but it is a formulation of botulinum toxin type B. These products are used for cosmetic and medical reasons.

This injection process is often called
botox injection
, although any brand of the botulinum toxin may be used.

Reasons for Procedure

This is most commonly used as a treatment to smooth wrinkles on the face and neck. It is FDA-approved for the treatment of frown lines between the brows and the treatment of wrinkles at the outer corner of the eyes (crow's feet).

Possible Complications

Complications are rare. When they occur, they are temporary and mild. Side effects are related to the site of injection. For example, if injections take place near the eyes, there may be complications with eyelids or the brow line.

Temporary issues may include:

Redness

Bruising

Stinging around the injection sites

The following are less common reactions. They are generally mild and do not last long.

Excessive weakness of the muscle around the eyes—can cause drooping of the eyelids or obstruction of vision

Difficulty swallowing—can occur in patients receiving injections in their neck

FDA Public Health Advisory for Botulinum Toxin

There is a risk that the botulinum toxin could spread beyond the injection area. This can cause botulism symptoms, including difficulty breathing and death. These symptoms appear to be more common in children with
cerebral palsy
who receive the injection to treat spasticity. The warning is for Botox , Botox Cosmetic, Myobloc , and Dysport. For more information, please visit:
http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm175013.htm
.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.