General wellness of children (Kannada) Care Plan

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<div><font face="arial" size="2">A child's growth and development can be divided into four periods:</font></div><div><ul><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Infancy</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Preschool years</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Middle childhood years</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Adolescence</font></span></li></ul></div><div><br></div><div><img src="https://i.imgur.com/1k7j3Gi.png" width="472"></div><div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Between ages 2 - 10 years, a child will continue to grow at a steady pace. A final growth spurt begins at the start of puberty, sometime between ages 9 and 15.</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">The child's nutrient needs correspond with these changes in growth rates. An infant needs more calories in relation to size than a preschooler or school-age child needs. Nutrient needs increase again as a child gets close to adolescence.</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">A healthy child will follow an individual growth curve, even though the nutrient intake may be different for each child. Parents and caregivers should provide a diet with a wide variety of foods that is suited to the child's age.</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Healthy eating habits should begin during infancy. This can help prevent diseases such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity.</font></div></div><div><br></div><div><img src="https://i.imgur.com/0T3almg.png" width="467"></div><div><br></div><div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><b>INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT AND DIET</b></font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Poor nutrition can cause problems with a child's intellectual development. A child with a poor diet may be tired and unable to learn at school. Also, poor nutrition can make the child more likely to get sick and miss school. Breakfast is very important. Children may feel tired and unmotivated if they do not eat a good breakfast.</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><br></font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Childhood is a time of rapid growth and change. Your child will have more pediatric well-child visits when they are younger and developing the fastest.</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Each visit includes a complete physical examination. At this exam, the health care provider will check the infant or child's growth and development in order to find or prevent problems.</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">The health care provider will record your child's height, weight, and other important information. Hearing, vision, and other screening tests will be part of some visits.</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Even if your child is healthy, well-child visits are important because it is good time to focus on your child's wellness. This means talking about what is being done well and how it can be improved. Preventive care is important to keep children healthy.</font></div></div><div><br></div><font size="3">&nbsp;</font>...more

<font face="arial" size="2">As a parent, you can help shape your child's attitudes and behaviors toward physical activity, and knowing these guidelines is a great place to start. Throughout their lives, encourage young people to be physically active for one hour or more each day, with activities ranging from informal, active play to organized sports. Here are some ways you can do this:</font><div><br></div><div><img src="https://i.imgur.com/P2ipbVl.png" width="273"></div><div><br></div><div><div><ul><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Set a positive example by leading an active lifestyle yourself.</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Make physical activity part of your family's daily routine by taking family walks or playing active games together.</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Give your children equipment that encourages physical activity.</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Take young people to places where they can be active, such as public parks, community baseball fields or basketball courts.</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Be positive about the physical activities in which your child participates and encourage them to be interested in new activities.</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Make physical activity fun. Fun activities can be anything your child enjoys, either structured or non-structured. Activities can range from team sports or individual sports to recreational activities such as walking, running, skating, bicycling, swimming, playground activities or free-time play.</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Instead of watching television after dinner, encourage your child to find fun activities to do on their own or with friends and family, such as walking, playing chase or riding bikes.</font></span></li></ul></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Be safe! Always provide protective equipment such as helmets, wrist pads or knee pads and ensure that activity is age-appropriate.</font></div></div><div><br></div><font size="3">&nbsp;</font>...more

Schedule for consultations/Diagnostic tests:

Well-child visits are key times for communication. Expect to be given information about normal development, nutrition, sleep, safety, diseases that are "going around," and other important topics such as what to expect as your child grows up.

Make the most of these visits by writing down important questions and concerns to bring with you.

Special attention is paid to whether the child is meeting normal developmental milestones. The height, weight, and head circumference are recorded on a growth chart, which the health care provider keeps with the child's medical record. This can be a great start for a discussion about your child's health.

Ask your doctor about the body mass index (BMI) curve, which is the most important tool for identifying and preventing obesity.

Your provider will also talk about other wellness topics such as family relationship issues, school, and access to community services.

There are several schedules for routine well-child visits.

PREVENTIVE HEALTH CARE SCHEDULE

2 years

2 1/2 years

3 years

4 years

5 years

6 years

8 years

10 years

Each year after that until age 21

In addition to these visits, call and visit a health care provider any time your baby or child seems ill or whenever you are worried about your baby's health or development.

Children and adolescents should do 60 minutes (1 hour) or more of physical activity each day.

This may sound like a lot, but don't worry! Your child may already be meeting the requirement. And, you'll soon discover all the easy and enjoyable ways to help your child meet the recommendations. Encourage your child to participate in activities that are age-appropriate, enjoyable and offer variety! Just make sure your child or adolescent is doing three types of physical activity:

1. Aerobic Activity

Aerobic activity should make up most of your child's 60 or more minutes of physical activity each day. This can include either moderate-intensity aerobic activity, such as brisk walking, or vigorous-intensity activity, such as running. Be sure to include vigorous-intensity aerobic activity on at least 3 days per week.

2. Muscle Strengthening

Include muscle strengthening activities, such as gymnastics or push-ups, at least 3 days per week as part of your child's 60 or more minutes.

3. Bone Strengthening

Include bone strengthening activities, such as jumping rope or running, at least 3 days per week as part of your child's 60 or more minutes.

How do I know if my child's aerobic activity is moderate- or vigorous-intensity?

As a rule of thumb, on a scale of 0 to 10, where sitting is a 0 and the highest level of activity is a 10, moderate-intensity activity is a 5 or 6. When your son does moderate-intensity activity, his heart will beat faster than normal and he will breathe harder than normal. Vigorous-intensity activity is a level 7 or 8. When your son does vigorous-intensity activity, his heart will beat much faster than normal and he will breathe much harder than normal.

Another way to judge intensity is to think about the activity your child is doing and compare it to the average child. What amount of intensity would the average child use? For example, when your daughter walks to school with friends each morning, she's probably doing moderate-intensity aerobic activity. But while she is at school, when she runs, or chases others by playing tag during recess, she's probably doing vigorous-intensity activity.

What do you mean by "age-appropriate" activities?

Some physical activity is better-suited for children than adolescents. For example, children do not usually need formal muscle-strengthening programs, such as lifting weights. Younger children usually strengthen their muscles when they do gymnastics, play on a jungle gym or climb trees. As children grow older and become adolescents, they may start structured weight programs. For example, they may do these types of programs along with their football or basketball team practice.

<div><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/7mv0G4yiy9c" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="400px" width="100%"></iframe></div><div><br></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Balance the calories your child eats and drinks with the calories used through physical activity and normal growth.Overweight and obese children and teens should reduce the rate of weight gain while allowing normal growth and development. Don't put your child on a weight-reduction diet without talking to your health care provider.</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><br></font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><b>Balancing calories: Help Kids Develop Healthy Eating Habits </b>Offer your kids nutritious meals and snacks with an appropriate number of calories. You can help them develop healthy eating habits by making favorite dishes healthier and by reducing calorie-rich temptations.</font></div><div><b style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2"><br></font></b></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><b style="background-color: initial;">Help your kids understand the benefits of being physically active.</b><span style="background-color: initial;"> Teach them that physical activity has great health benefits like:</span></font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Strengthening bone</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Decreasing blood pressure</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Reducing stress and anxiety</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Increasing self-esteem</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Helping with weight management</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><br></font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><b>Help kids stay active.</b>Children and teens should participate in at least 60 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity most days of the week, and every day if possible. You can set a great example! Start adding physical activity to your own daily routine and encourage your child to join you. Some examples of moderate-intensity physical activity include:</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Brisk walking</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Playing tag</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Jumping rope</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Playing soccer</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Swimming</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Dancing</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><br></font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><b>Reduce sedentary time.</b> Although quiet time for reading and homework is fine, limit "screen time" (TV, video games, Internet) to no more than two hours a day. The American Academy of Pediatrics doesn't recommend TV for kids age 2&nbsp;<span style="background-color: initial;">or younger.12 Encourage your children to find fun activities to do with family members or on their own that simply involve more activity.</span></font></div><div><b><font face="arial" size="2">Children are more likely to keep to a healthy lifestyle if it's made fun for them. Here are some ideas for how to help them prepare, and even cook, their own meals and choose activities they enjoy.</font></b></div><div><font face="arial" size="2"><br></font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">As a general rule, children should aim to include in their daily diet:</font></div><div><ul><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">at least five portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables (5 A DAY)</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">meals based on starchy foods, such as potatoes, bread, pasta and rice (choose wholegrain varieties when possible)</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">some milk and dairy products (choose low-fat options where you can)</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">some foods that are good sources of protein, such as meat, fish, eggs and beans and lentils</font></span></li></ul><div><font face="arial" size="2"><br></font></div></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Educate your children about food</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Whether your child is in reception or year 6, it's always a good time to teach them how to take care of their bodies by fighting fat.</font></div><div><ul><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Take your child grocery shopping with you and help them prepare a meal by themselves.</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Get your children used to cooking healthy food by letting them help with this simple recipe for smiley salmon fishcakes.&nbsp;</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Explain to your child how to get the balance of their diet right using the eatwell plate. It shows how much you should eat from each food group.</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Show your child how to read food labels, for example to check the sugar and fat in snacks. Even small children can understand the traffic light coding on some food packs.</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Eating advice on Change4Life includes shopping tips, cooking ideas, how to cut back on salt and fat, and sugar swaps.</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Young children (aged 5-6), can make their own cookbook, choosing their favourite healthy recipes, getting tips on being a top chef and even making a shopping list.</font></span></li></ul><div><font face="arial" size="2"><br></font></div></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Make physical activity fun</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Physical activity is an important part of achieving a healthy weight. It's recommended that children have at least 60 minutes of physical activity a day.</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">If your child isn't used to being active, encourage them to start with what they can do and build up to 60 minutes a day. They're more likely to stick to their new activity levels if you let them choose the type of activity they're comfortable with.</font></div><div><ul><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Children under 5 might like this LazyTown game to get them active.</font></span></li><li><font face="arial" size="2"><span style="background-color: initial;">Older children might prefer to use their smartphone. There are lots of great fitness apps. Map My Walk is a free app that counts your steps when going for a walk (or jog) and counts&nbsp;</span><span style="background-color: initial;">the calories used too. Or, they could use a pedometer or step counter to keep track of how many steps they're taking.</span></font></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Look for little ways throughout the day to get your child moving, such as playing hide-and-seek and tag (for younger children), and walking or scootering to school.</font></span></li><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Be sensitive to your child's needs. If they feel uncomfortable participating in sports, help them find an activity that they will enjoy without feeling embarrassed, such as dancing, skipping or cycling. Some will prefer to take part in a team activity, rather than solo pursuits.</font></span></li></ul></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">How the school can help</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">The school your child attends should provide opportunities for physical activity and healthy food at lunchtime.</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Some schools will help to ensure that your child does not bring unhealthy foods to school, by working with parents to set guidelines on healthy packed lunches.</font></div><div><font face="arial" size="2">Schools also often offer a range of after-school activity clubs in football, netball, dancing, martial arts, gymnastics and so on, and these are a great way for your child to boost their activity levels.</font></div><div><ul><li><span style="background-color: initial;"><font face="arial" size="2">Check with your school exactly how much time your child spends on physical activity each day so you have an idea of the shortfall, if any, that they need to make up on school days.<br></font></span></li></ul></div><div><br></div><font size="3">&nbsp;</font>...more

Age-appropriate diet for children

An age-appropriate diet is one that provides adequate nutrition, is appropriate for a child's state of development, and can help prevent childhood obesity.

Parents should offer children a wide variety of age-appropriate foods to their children. These include:

Cereals from other grains such as oats, wheat, and barley

Vegetable purees

Finely chopped meat (good source of iron)

Throughout childhood and adolescence, it is important that the diet include a variety of foods for proper development.

After the age of 2, it is recommended that the diet be moderately low in fat, as diets high in fat may contribute to heart disease, obesity, and other health problems later in life.

In areas where water is not fluoridated, fluoride supplementation is recommended. A diet that contains a variety of foods from each of the food groups (breads and grains, meats, fruits and vegetables, and dairy) will help prevent nutrient deficiencies.

The nutrients that are most likely to be deficient in a child's diet are calcium, iron, vitamin C, vitamin A, folic acid, and vitamin B6.

Children who consume little or no dairy products are at particular risk for calcium deficiency that can interfere with bone growth and development. Foods that are good sources of calcium include low-fat or nonfat milk, yogurt, and cheeses.