Five things you need to know this week about global education

China's frozen-hair boy one year on, school aid for refugees and a deadly attack on a Syrian school are among the topics in our latest news roundup.

1. School's warm welcome for frozen-hair boy

Eight-year-old Wang Fuman became known as "the frozen-hair boy" when his determination to get to school to take an exam went viral. The Chinese boy became a global sensation one year ago this week after his teacher took a picture of him arriving in class in rural Yunnan province with his hair turned into icicles, his eyebrows and eyelashes frozen, his cheeks bright red and his hands swollen.

Wang, who comes from a poor family, had walked three miles in sub-zero temperatures wearing thin clothes.

But his life has changed since then, reports the People's Daily in China. His family have moved out of a shared mud hut into a new home just a few minutes from his school.

Donations and investment in the primary school also means the classrooms have better heating and a dormitory has been built for students who live far away. One thing hasn't changed though - Wang is still top of his class.

It provides cash assistance to vulnerable refugee families with children who attend school regularly.

Christos Stylianides, the UN Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Management, visited Turkey this week and said: “The EU, in cooperation with Turkey, is bringing a real change in the lives of the most vulnerable refugees. I am very proud of what we have achieved together."

There are nearly four million refugees in Turkey - the largest refugee population in the world.

Schools are meant to be safe spaces where children can learn and be free from fear. But Theirworld’s report Safe Schools: The Hidden Crisis has revealed the growing threats to the safety of children and teachers from conflicts, natural disasters and other forms of violence.

4. Child soldiers on rise in conflict zones

Human trafficking is becoming more "horrific" in conflict zones, where armed groups keep women as sex slaves and use child soldiers to spread fear, the United Nations said this week.

"Child soldiers, forced labour, sexual slavery - human trafficking has taken on horrific dimensions as armed groups and terrorists use it to spread fear and gain victims to offer as incentives to recruit new fighters," said UNODC Executive Director Yury Fedotov.

Almost all child soldiers are deprived of education and a chance to fulfil their potential.

Theirworld’s report Safe Schools: The Hidden Crisis revealed that last year children were abducted to be used as human shields or recruited as soldiers and suicide bombers in countries such as Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic and Yemen. In South Sudan, as many 19,000 children have been forced into conflict as part of armed militias since 2013.

5. Palestinian students face another uncertain year

UNRWA runs more than 700 schools for Palestinian children

— Photo credit: UNRWA

This time last year, the United Nations agency that provides education for 726,000 Palestinian children revealed that it faced a massive financial crisis after the United States slashed its funding.

At one point it looked as if UNRWA's 711 schools in Gaza, the West Bank, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria might not reopen after the summer break. But they did - thanks to other donors stepping up with money.

Palestinian students are worried that 2019 might not be any easier. Matthias Schmale, the agency’s Director of Operations in Gaza, said uncertainty over their future has become a constant worry.

14-year-old Hada told UN News that when school began “everybody was very anxious”, and that when they “knocked on the door of the social counsellor asking for support, they were reminded that she was no longer there” because of cutbacks.