Anatomy. any of the smallest branches of an artery, terminating in capillaries. noun (anatomy) any of the small subdivisions of an artery that form thin-walled vessels ending in capillaries n. “small artery,” by 1808, from Modern Latin arteriola, diminutive of arteria (see artery). arteriole ar·te·ri·ole (är-tǐr’ē-ōl’) n. A minute artery, especially a terminal artery continuous […]

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