Basics of Explosion Protection

Gases, vapours and mists escape during production, processing, transportation and storage of flammable materials in the chemical and petrochemical industries, as well as in the production of mineral oil and natural gas, in mining and in many other sectors. During many processes, particularly in the food industry, also flammable dusts are created. These flammable gases, vapours, mists and dusts form an explosive atmosphere with the oxygen of the air. In the case that this atmosphere is ignited, explosions take place which can result in severe harm to human life and property. To avoid the danger of explosions, protective regulations in form of laws, specifications and standards have been developed in most countries which should ensure a high level of safety.

Due to the growing international economic link, extensive progress has been made in harmonizing the regulations for the explosion protection. The conditions for a complete harmonization have been created in the European Union by the EC-Directives 94/9 and 99/92. However, world-wide there is still much to be done in this area.

The purpose of this brochure is to provide both, experts and interested laymen, with an overview in the field of explosion protection in conjunction with electrical apparatus and installations. It does not replace the study of the relevant statutory regulations and applicable standards.