The Wells & Drew Printing Dictionary – H

H

H&J:

hyphenation and justification. The arrangement of text evenly in a column (justification), usually requiring the breaking of words at their appropriate syllable breaks (hyphenation). For this feature, desktop publishing programs include large dictionaries which instruct where hyphens can be correctly placed.

hairline:

A .25-point rule.

half-scale black:

black separation made to have dots only in the shadows and mid-tones, as compared to full-scale black and skeleton black.

halftone image:

ink-printable image produced using a contact screen, or a digital scanner, to

produce a continuous tone of artwork. A screening process converts the image to dots of various size.

halo effect:

faint shadow sometimes surrounding halftone dots printed. Also called halation. The halo itself is also called a fringe.

hard dots:

halftone dots with no halos or soft edges, as compared to soft dots.

hard mechanical:

mechanical consisting of paper and/or acetate and made using paste-up techniques, as compared to electronic mechanical.

hanging indent:

the first line of a paragraph specified to start to the left of the other lines in the paragraph.

hard copy:

a printed paper copy of output in readable form. It is also a transparency film or photograph of an image displayed on the monitor.

hard disk:

a mass storage device for digital data. One or more magnetic platters in a single casing, it can store data more precisely and access it more quickly than other forms of magnetic storage.

head-to-tail:

imposition with heads (tops) of pages facing tails (bottoms) of other pages. Heat-set Web press equipped with an oven to dry ink, thus able to print coated paper.

header:

text that appears at the top of every page of a document when it is printed.

hickeys:

an imperfection or spot in the printed piece caused by extraneous material, such as dirt and paper particles.

hierarchial:

a form of document or file structure, also known as a tree structure, where all elements except the root have parents, and all elements may or may not have children.

high key:

an image that mainly consists of highlights and mid-tones.

high-fidelity Color:

color reproduced using six, eight or twelve separations, as compared to four-color process.

high-key photo:

photo whose most important details appear in the highlights.

high resolution:

basically, any image that is displayed in better quality by increasing the number of dots, or pixels, per inch than normal. Usually refers to better quality computer displays, but can describe printer quality as well. Called hi-res, for short.

highlights:

area of an original image or reproduction with the smallest printing dots and/or the least density. On a printed sheet, the area with minimum ink coverage.

hinged cover:

perfect bound cover scored 1/8 inch (3mm) from the spine so it folds at the hinge instead of, along the edge of the spine.

holdout:

term refers to the ability of a sheet to resist penetration by liquid substances such as ink.

horizontal scale:

the alteration or horizontal dimension in characters without changing height.

hot spot:

printing defect caused when a piece of dirt or an air bubble caused incomplete draw-down during contact plate making, leaving an area of weak ink coverage or visible dot gain.House Sheet Paper kept in stock by a printer and suitable for a variety of printing jobs. Also called floor sheet.

HLS:

abbreviation for hue, lightness, saturation, one of the color-control options often found in software, for design and page assembly. Also called HVS.

HSB:

hue saturation brightness. To artists, it is an abbreviation for all of a color’s characteristics: hue (the pigment); the saturation (the amount of pigment); and brightness (the amount of white included). With the HSB model, all colors can be defined by expressing their levels of hue, saturation and brightness in percentages.

HSL image:

a red, green, blue (RGB) image displayed on a video monitor in three channels (hue, saturation, brightness), although only one channel is displayed at a time.

HTTP:

hyper text transfer protocol. The TCPIP-based communications protocol developed for use on the WWW, HTTP defines how clients and servers communicate over the Web.

hue:

attribute of a color that describes its dominant wavelength (such as red, yellow, green, blue) and distinguishes it from other colors. The wavelength of a color in its purest state without the addition of white or black. In color space, hue is arrayed around the center axis.

hue error:

the difference between the printed color and the ideal color which it is supposed to represent. For example, cyan ink used in four-color process work should ideally reflect all the green and blue frequencies of light that fall on it, while it should absorb all of the red frequencies. In reality, the ink will not achieve this state of perfection.

humidity:

moisture condition of the air. Relative humidity is the percent of moisture relative to the actual amount which air, at any given temperature, can retain without precipitation.

hydration:

in paper making, the process of beating the pulp which increases its ability to hold water. This causes the resulting sheet to obtain the desired moisture content. In general, it increases strength and decrease opacity.

hyphenation:

two classes of hyphenation are used in preparing documentation: editorial and typesetting. Editorial hyphenation considers hyphenation for compound words and prefixes; judgments are made on context and standard use of the language at a given time. Typesetting hyphenation considers the breaking of words by syllable at the end of lines to create an elegant text design.