FIELD APPLICATION - SOIL INJECTION (PRE-FORMED BEDS)

General Information

PRODUCT INSTRUCTIONS

Mycorrhizae: There are occasions when Sectagon-K54 is known to temporarily reduce mycorrhizae in agricultural soils. For those crops that are mycorrhizae dependent and planted Into Sectagon-K54 treated soils, it is necessary to practice a good fertilizer program until the mycorrhizae repopulate the treated area.

PRODUCT INFORMATION

Sectagon-K54 is a water soluble liquid. When applied to soil, the liquid is converted into a volatile fumigant (Methylisocyanate, MITC). After a sufficient interval of time, the fumigant degrades/dissipates leaving the soil ready for planting.

When to Use Maximum and Minimum Rates

The application rate of Sectagon-K54 is dependent on the soil type to be treated and the position in the soil of the pest to be suppressed or controlled. For maximum control or suppression, an understanding of the pest, its location and its respiring state will ensure maximum performance of Sectagon-K54. Generally, a light sandy soil requires a lower application rate than a heavier mineral soil. In addition, if the pest is in the upper portion of the soil profile (annual weeds), a lower application rate is generally required than if the pest is deeper in the soil profile and deeper penetration is desired (perennial weed seeds and nematodes). When a range of application rates is given in the label, consult your local agricultural extension service for more specific information.

Nematodes and Nutsedge: Nematode suppression is achieved when Sectagon-K54 converts to Methyl Isothiocyanate (MITC) and makes contact with active forms of the nematodes, preferably juveniles. Endo-parasites in plant residue may not be suppressed. Plant residues from previously infected crops should be completely decomposed prior to Sectagon-K54 application to ensure maximum exposure. Eggs are more difficult to suppress than juveniles, but are susceptible. Pre-irrigation has been demonstrated to stimulate egg hatch of some species and may enhance overall Sectagon-K54 performance. Nutsedge may be suppressed with Sectagon-K54 if actively growing and a high use rate is used (63.9 gal of product/acre). More often, rhizomes, roots and shoots will be controlled but the tuber will remain viable and at a later time regrow. Treatments made immediately prior to a crop planting (after the necessary waiting period) will give a weed-free period for crop establishment.

USE PRECAUTIONS

- Keep people and pets out of treated areas.

- Sectagon-K54 uses described on the label are intended for pre-plant soil preparation only. All plant foliage and any established plants growing on the treatment sites will be either severely damaged or destroyed. Keep the product off of any desirable turf or plants.

- Do not apply within 3 ft. of the drip line of desirable plants, shrubs, or trees.

- Do not use in confined areas without adequate ventilation or when fumes may enter nearby dwellings.

- Keep container tightly closed when not in use.

- NOTE: Sectagon-K54 will suppress and/or control only those pests in the fumigation zone at the time of treatment. Re-infestation may occur subsequent to the fumigants degradation/dissipation from the soil.

TREATMENT GUIDELINES

For optimum results, certain procedures should be observed at designated times in the treatment program. Described below are important guidelines for each of the four stages of the treatment process. Consult your Sales Representative for the appropriate treatment program for your particular needs.

- Pre-Application

- Field Preparation Prior to Application

- Application

- Pre-Planting After Application of Sectagon-K54

PRE-APPLICATION

Sectagon-K54 is applied post-harvest and 14 to 21 days before a new crop is planted (see “Testing of Treated Soil Before Planting” section). In some areas, fall application is preferred, as the product will dissipate over the winter that allows planting to begin as soon as favorable springtime conditions arrive.

Application Rate

Apply 30 to 63.9 gallons of product per treated acre depending on crop, target pest and soil properties (or see crop-specific considerations in the Additional Information section of the label). Some of the soil properties to consider when determining the application rate include soil texture, percent organic matter and depth of soil to be treated.

Target Pest and Depth of Treatment

When application rates for this product are given in ranges, use the higher rate if pests (insects, nematodes, etc.) are present in high numbers or if the area to be treated has a history of pest problems. Consult with your state’s nematologist, entomologist and plant pathologist to determine if crop rotation is more feasible or desirable than fumigation. NOTE: This product will only suppress or control pests that are in the fumigated zone at time of treatment. For control of weeds and fungi, which cause seed or seedling diseases, treatment of only the top 2 to 4 inches of soil may be required (see application specific requirements in the Good Agricultural Practices section of the label). Treatment depths greater than 4 inches maybe required for control of nematodes and fungi which occur throughout the rhizosphere. The required application rate should be increased proportionately with the depth of the treatment required. Always choose the appropriate application method to evenly distribute this product throughout the soil to the required treatment depth.

Soil Characteristics

Soil properties to consider when determining the application rate of this product include the depth of soil to be treated, soil texture, and percent organic matter. Due to the absorbing effect of humus, soils with high levels of organic matter under the surface require higher rates. For example, muck soil may require twice the rate that would be used in mineral soils. Application rates will also vary with soil texture. For example, heavy clay soils require a higher rate than light sandy soils.

Phytotoxicity

Sectagon-K54 is phytotoxic. Protect valuable, non-target plants by stopping soil applications of this product at least three feet short of the drip line of the trees, shrubs and other desirable plants. For sprinkler application, crop injury and lack of effectiveness can result from nonuniform distribution of the treated water.

APPLICATION OF SECTAGON-K54

Apply according to the methods and rates outlined below under the section “USES, RATES AND APPLICATION METHODS.”

Use of Diluted Sectagon-K54

Do not store the diluted product. Do not allow the diluted solution to stand overnight. Use the diluted solution promptly after mixing with water. Flush all equipment with water after each day’s use. All rinsate should be properly applied to the field.

Application in Tank Mix with Liquid Fertilizer

Sectagon-K54 may be injected in a mixture with liquid fertilizers; however, a dual injection system is preferred. Since the composition of liquid fertilizers vary considerably, the physical compatibility of each Sectagon-K54/fertilizer tank mix should be checked by using the following procedure:

Mix a small quantity of Sectagon-K54 and liquid fertilizer in the same ratio as they will be applied to the field (e.g., if 30 gallons of Sectagon-K54 and 30 gallons of liquid fertilizer are to be applied per treated acre, then the mixture should be mixed in a 30:30 or 1:1 ratio). Mix in a glass container. Mixing should be done outdoors and out of direct sunlight. Agitate the liquids to attain a complete uniform mixture. IF A UNIFORM MIX CANNOT BE MADE, THE MIXTURE SHOULD NOT BE USED! If the mixture remains uniform for 30 minutes without agitation, the combination may be used. Should the mixture separate after 30 minutes but is readily remixed with agitation, the mixture can be used if adequate agitation is maintained in the tank.

DO NOT PLACE CAPS ON MIX JAR AS INCOMPATIBLE MIXES MAY EVOLVE HYDROGEN SULFIDE GAS. USE PROMPTLY AFTER MIXING WITH WATER OR FERTILIZER. DO NOT ALLOW THE SOLUTION TO STAND. FLUSH ALL EQUIPMENT WITH WATER AFTER EACH DAY’S USE. DISASSEMBLE VALVES AND CLEAN CAREFULLY. ALL RINSATE SHOULD BE PROPERLY APPLIED TO THE FIELD.

PRE-PLANTING AFTER APPLICATION OF SECTAGON-K54

Effects of Rain

If rain occurs within 24 hours after a Sectagon-K54 application, lack of control at and near the soil surface may occur.

Recontamination

Precautions must be taken to prevent recontamination of treated fields with plant pathogenic fungi, plant parasitic nematodes or weed seed. Use clean seeds or plants. Before farm equipment is driven into the treated area, it should be rinsed free of untreated soil and weed seeds from other fields.

Days to Cultivating or Planting after Application

Because Sectagon-K54 is harmful to germinating seeds and living plants, an appropriate interval must be observed between treatments and planting. On well-drained soils which have a light to medium texture and which are not excessively wet or cold (when soil is colder than 40°F or contains more moisture than 80% available water capacity) following the application, planting can begin 14 to 21 days after treatment. If soils are heavy or especially high in organic matter or if the soil remains wet and/or cold (below 60°F) following the application, a minimum interval of 30 days should be observed. The interval before planting should be extended until the soil is sufficiently dry to allow for cultivation.

Cultivation of Soil before Planting

IMPORTANT: Heavier soils including soils high in clay or organic matter should be allowed to aerate and dry thoroughly after treatment with Sectagon-K54. During cold and/or wet (when soil is colder than 40°F or contains more moisture than 80% available water capacity) weather, frequent shallow cultivation can aid dissipation of Sectagon-K54 from the treated soil. On heavy, wet soils, light surface cultivation to break up crusting and promote drying should be done 5 to 7 days after treatment if planting is to occur within 14 to 21 days after treatment. This cultivation may be repeated as necessary.

NOTE OF CAUTION: To avoid contaminating treated soils, care should be taken to assure that untreated soils are not mixed with treated soils.

Testing of Treated Soils before Planting

Fields are fumigated to control soil-borne fungi, nematodes, insects and weeds. The length of time required for fumigants to escape from the soil before plants can safely be planted varies greatly. Typically 14 to 21 days are needed under typical conditions; however, circumstances which do not favor evaporation of the fumigant can greatly lengthen the waiting period as much as up to 30 days. The release period is short with (1) low rates of fumigants, (2) light soil, (3) high soil temperatures, (4) low soil moisture, (5) shallow application depth, and (6) repeated cultivations after fumigation. Seeded crops are less susceptible to residual soil fumigant injury than transplanted crops. In general, fumigants escape slowly from cold, wet, heavy soils. If in doubt, perform either the lettuce seed test or the tomato transplant test as described elsewhere in the label. If germination occurs in 1 to 3 days or if tomato plant shows signs of wilting or root burn in 2 days, the product is still available and an extended wait period must be observed.

PACIFIC NORTHWEST STATES OF IDAHO, NEVADA, OREGON AND WASHINGTON

NOTE: When applied in the spring, allow a minimum of 14 to 21 days before planting providing no fumes are detectable. When the soil temperature is below 60°F allow a minimum of 21 days before planting. Check for fumes and aerate as needed. Use a seedling indicator plant with a hot cap to check for activity or fumes (or follow instructions in preceding paragraph). DO NOT plant if fumes are detectable or injury to plant has occurred. Re-aerate the soil and check again.

The information below describes two simple tests to assay for harmful residual soil fumigants before planting.

Lettuce Seed Test

1. With a trowel, dig into the treated soil to or just below the depth of application. Remove 2 to 4 small (1 to 2 oz) soil samples, mix lightly, and immediately place a portion in an airtight jar so that fumes will not escape. Use mason, wheat germ or similar jars with gas-tight lids.

2. Sprinkle lettuce seeds on the moistened surface of the soil and recap immediately. Prepare a similar jar with untreated soil (untreated check) for comparison.

3. Keep the jars at 65 to 85°F; do not place in direct sunlight. Direct sunlight may kill the seed by overheating. Lettuce seed will not germinate in the dark.

4. Inspect the jars for germination in 1 to 3 days.

5. The soil is safe for planting if seeds in the treated jar germinate the same as seeds in the untreated jar.

IMPORTANT: Be sure (1) to sample the field properly in several areas, particularly low, wet areas; (2) that the lids are airtight and have no grit under the seal; and (3) that the jars are placed in indirect sunlight.

Tomato Transplant Test

Transplant 5 to 10 succulent, fast-growing tomato seedlings into fumigated beds approximately 4 to 6 inches deep. Do the same in a non-fumigated area. If there is variation in the field, plant into the heaviest, wettest soil. Inspect the seedlings in 2 days for wilting or “root burn”. If plants in the fumigated zone look the same as those in the non-fumigated zone, it is safe to plant.

Which Test is Best?

Both the lettuce seed and tomato transplant tests can serve the purpose. The response of tomato seedlings varies somewhat depending on how succulent they are, the relative humidity, soil moisture and temperature. Relative differences between plants in fumigated and non-fumigated areas are key to detecting low level residues. High concentrations should produce clear-cut symptoms. Lettuce seed tested in jars are not subjected to the variations in the field that can affect the response of tomato transplants. However, the process of collecting a soil sample allows some fumigant to escape prior to sealing the jar. In addition, excess soil moisture can inhibit normal lettuce seed germination reducing the sensitivity of the test.

USES, RATES AND APPLICATION METHODS FIELD APPLICATION WHERE ENTIRE AREA IS BEING TREATED

This product is not to be used in the following counties of Texas: Atascoca, Cameron, Duval, Hidalgo, Maverick, Starr, Willacy, Zapata.

Shank Applications

Apply Sectagon-K54 at the rate of 30 to 63.9 gallons of product per treated acre (or see cropspecific considerations in the Additional Information section of the label). Follow immediately with a roller to smooth and compact the soil surface. Light watering or tarping after rolling helps prevent fumigant escape. It may be necessary to stagger the injector placement on two or more tool bars to prevent soil build up during application.

When setting up your soil injection equipment with either spray blades, injection knives or coulters make sure they are evenly and closely placed to create an even application width and depth. To accomplish this, it may require multiple tool bars with the injection tools staggered. This will help prevent build up of trash and aid in the soil sealing. For example, apply Sectagon-K54 through injectors placed 4 inches below the soil surface and 5 inches apart.

Apply Sectagon-K54 at the rate of 30 to 62 gallons of product per treated acre (or see cropspecific considerations in the Additional Information section of the label). Follow immediately with a roller to smooth and compact the soil surface. Light watering or tarping after rolling helps prevent fumigant escape. It may be necessary to stagger the injector placement on two or more tool bars to prevent soil build up during application.

When setting up your soil injection equipment with either spray blades, injection knives or coulters make sure they are evenly and closely placed to create an even application width and depth. To accomplish this, it may require multiple tool bars with the injection tools staggered. This will help prevent build up of trash and aid in the soil sealing. For example, apply Sectagon-K54 through injectors placed 4 inches below the soil surface and 5 inches apart.

Rotary Tiller Applications

Apply Sectagon-K54 as a broadcast application immediately in front of soil covering equipment such as bed shapers, rotary tillers, discs, etc. to a minimum depth of 6 inches using a single pass to incorporate. Use 30 to 63.9 gallons of Sectagon-K54 per treated acre (or see crop-specific considerations in the Additional Information section of the label) followed immediately by a roller/packer to smooth and compact the soil surface.

Spray Sectagon-K54 immediately in front of the tiller or mulcher, set to the depth to where control is desired (minimum of 6 inches). Use 30 to 62 gallons per treated acre (or see cropspecific considerations in the Additional Information section of the label). Follow immediately with a roller, power roller or bed shaper to seal soil surface. Light watering or a tarp after rolling may be used to help prevent fumigant escape.

Center Pivot and Lateral Move Applications

Use only those systems which give large water droplets to prevent excessive loss. Use 30 to 63.9 gallons of Sectagon-K54 per treated acre (or see crop-specific considerations in the Additional Information section of the label). Meter continuously throughout the injection period all of the Sectagon-K54 required to come in contact with the targeted pest in the treated zone. The desired depth of treatment obtained may be contingent upon soil moisture and type. Soil conditions must facilitate even moisture penetration without runoff. Flush lines following injection of Sectagon-K54. For proper application rate and placement, consult your local Sectagon-K54 Sales Representative or County Extension Expert.

Solid Set Sprinkler Applications

Use only those systems which give large water droplets to prevent excessive loss. Use 30 to 62 gallons of Sectagon-K54 per treated acre (or see crop-specific considerations in the Additional Information section of the label). Meter continuously throughout the injection period all of the Sectagon-K54 required to come in contact with the targeted pest in the treated zone. The desired depth of treatment obtained may be contingent upon soil moisture and type. Soil conditions must facilitate even moisture penetration without runoff. Flush lines following injection of Sectagon-K54. For proper application rate and placement, consult your local Sectagon-K54 Sales Representative or County Extension Expert.

Drip Applications

Sectagon-K54 must be applied through a drip irrigation system designed to wet the soil thoroughly in the area being treated. Meter 30 to 63.9 gallons Sectagon-K54 per treated acre (or see crop-specific considerations in the Additional Information section of the label) into the drip system during the entire irrigation period. Flush irrigation system with adequate water after completion of application.

Important: WEED ELIMINATION WILL NOT BE SATISFACTORY IF TOO MUCH WATER IS APPLIED. AN ADEQUATE CONCENTRATION OF SECTAGON-K54 MUST BE PRESENT AT THE TIME OF WEED SEED GERMINATION IN ORDER TO BE EFFECTIVE.

NOTE: If Sectagon-K54 is applied to established plant beds under plastic tarps to terminate growth of a previous crop and to fumigate the bed in preparation of planting a subsequent crop, the terminated crop must not be used for any food or feed purposes after Sectagon-K54 has been applied.

Flood Basin, Furrow and Border Application

IMPORTANT: Prior to starting the application, always inspect ditches and border areas to ensure containment of the irrigation waters. Damage to bordering crops will occur if leaks develop. Apply only into field head ditch. DO NOT APPL Y INTO ANY LATERAL DITCHES. Meter Sectagon-K54 at a steady rate into water during irrigation. Depending on the kind of pest and the treatment depth, use 30-62 gallons per treated acre in 3 to 18 inches of water per acre. Meter Sectagon-K54 into the irrigation water at the head of the field at a point with enough turbulence to assure adequate mixing of the product in the water.

Application Over Cover Crops: Sectagon-K54 can be applied through center pivot or solid set sprinkler systems on cover crops that are living and less than approximately eight inches tall such as alfalfa, clover, green beans, and grasses such as rye, oats, wheat, and sudan. When applied over cover crops, no soil cultivation is required before the application. The terminated crop must not be used for any food or feed purpose after Sectago-K54 has been applied.

Prevention of Treatment Runoff: To prevent runoff of the treatment during a sprinkler application (including center pivot, lateral move, end tow, side (wheel) roll, solid set or hand move), do not apply Sectagon-K54 at a rate greater than the absorption capacity of the field. Should runoff occur, isolate it from growing crops and water sources. Once collected, reapply to the treated field.

Limitations, Restrictions, and Exceptions

FIELD APPLICATION TO BEDS OR ROWS

SOIL INJECTION (Pre-formed Beds): SECTAGON-K54 may be injected into preformed plant beds following the directions in the \"Soil Injection\" section. If a wider treated band is desired, space 2 or more shanks at intervals of 5 inches to cover the desired treating width. Use thin injection shanks and inject SECTAGON-K54 4 inches deep into well-prepared soil. Follow immediately with a bedshaper, roller press wheel or similar device, or cover with an adequate amount of soil to seal the fumigant into the soil. Light watering or a tarp after rolling may be used to help prevent fumigant escape. Apply at the rate of 30 to 63.9 gallons of product per treated acre (see \"Method of Determining Fluid Ounces per 100 Feet of Linear Row” section). Place shanks 5 inches apart to cover the desired treating width.

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