Pyloric Stenosis

Definition

Pyloric stenosis is narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. Narrowing prevents food from passing freely between the 2 structures. Pyloric stenosis affects your baby's ability to get adequate nutrition and hydration. The sooner your baby is treated, the better the outcomes.

Ethnicity—more common in Caucasian than in Hispanic, Asian, or African-American babies

Symptoms

Pyloric stenosis is rarely present at birth. Symptoms generally appear when babies are 3-12 weeks old. The most common symptom is forceful, projectile vomiting. This is because of the build up of formula or milk in the stomach that cannot pass into the small intestine.

Pyloric stenosis may also cause:

Your baby to act hungry most of the time

Weight loss

Signs of
dehydration, such as less urination, dry mouth, and crying without tears

Treatment

If your baby is diagnosed with pyloric stenosis, they will be referred to a pediatric surgeon for treatment.
Pyloric stenosis is treated with pyloroplasty (also called a pyloromyotomy), a procedure to relieve blockage.

Prior to surgery, fluids and electrolytes will be given by IV to correct any dehydration or electrolyte imbalances that are common in babies with pyloric stenosis. After the procedure, IV fluids are given until your baby can take all of their normal feedings by mouth.

Prevention

There are no current guidelines to prevent pyloric stenosis because the cause is unknown. Talk to your doctor about proper prenatal care before or during pregnancy.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.