Related Articles

NAIROBI— Kenya's national elections for parliament and president are scheduled for March 4. The country's leaders are hoping to avoid a repeat of the violence that followed the 2007 vote when more than 1,100 people were killed.

It’s campaign season in the Kibera slum in Nairobi. Walls are plastered with posters as politicians try to pull votes from this sprawling constituency.

The area is a stronghold of Prime Minister Raila Odinga, who was a member of parliament for the region.

Kibera resident Helen Abuya says she hopes if Odinga is elected he will improve the lives of people here.

“For Kibera, we are very poor people, we don’t have water…. We want change.”

Abuya adds she would want to live in a house made of durable materials, not of “mabati,” a local type of corrugated wood.

Kibera is one of the poorest areas of Kenya, with most people living on less than $1 a day. Development has been scarce, and more than anything, residents say they want better opportunities to work.

Daniel Aduma has lived in Kibera for the past 25 years. He says he’s disappointed with the previous government and that it’s time to give someone else a chance.

“We have had previous ones. So let’s try [leaders from] another tribe, like from the western region, let’s see if they can help.”

Tribal tensions

The population of Kibera is primarily from the Luo community - the same as Odinga. His main rival, Uhuru Kenyatta, is a Kikuyu. Disputes between Luos and Kikuyu landlords here have led to conflicts in the past.

Violence erupted in Kibera following the disputed presidential election in 2007. Police had to surround the neighborhood with barricades for several months to keep fighting from spreading to other parts of the city.

It is more peaceful now, but also more divided, with tribal communities keeping with their own and not mingling much. And tensions remain very high.

Professor Joshua Kivuva from the University of Nairobi says tribalism and politics go hand in hand in Kibera.

“In fact, this is a time that class is a dominant thing in Kenyan politics, but in the slum areas it is not going to be that because ethnicity is a more overriding factor. And especially knowing the distribution of slums and the presidential candidates, that the two dominant communities that live in slums are also the two dominant communities that are contesting the presidency.”

The vote is expected to be extremely close. Opinion polls show the main candidates virtually tied.

While Kibera has its favorite, residents are simply hoping more than anything for peace.

Manned deep space missions are still a long way off, but space agencies are already testing procedures, equipment and human stamina for operations in extreme environment conditions. Small groups of astronauts take turns in spending days in an underwater lab, off Florida’s southern coast, simulating future missions to some remote world. VOA’s George Putic reports.

Video

Manned deep space missions are still a long way off, but space agencies are already testing procedures, equipment and human stamina for operations in extreme environment conditions. Small groups of astronauts take turns in spending days in an underwater lab, off Florida’s southern coast, simulating future missions to some remote world. VOA’s George Putic reports.

Video

Fifty years ago, lawmakers approved, and U.S. President Lyndon Johnson signed, the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The measure outlawed racial discrimination in voting, giving millions of blacks in many parts of the southern United States federal enforcement of the right to vote. Correspondent Chris Simkins introduces us to some civil rights leaders who were on the front lines in the struggle for voting rights.

Video

Billions of dollars of so-called ‘dirty money’ from the proceeds of crime - especially from Russia - are being laundered through the London property market, according to anti-corruption activists. As Henry Ridgwell reports from the British capital, the government has pledged to crack down on the practice.

Video

Ottawa, Illinois, is the hometown of W.D. Boyce, who founded the Boy Scouts of America in 1910. In Ottawa, where Scouting remains an important part of the legacy of the community, the end of the organization's ban on openly gay adult leaders was seen as inevitable. VOA's Kane Farabaugh reports.

Video

Artificial limbs, including the most complex of them – the human hand – are getting more life-like and useful due to constant advances in tiny hydraulic, pneumatic and electric motors called actuators. But now, as VOA’s George Putic reports, scientists in Germany say the future of the prosthetic hand may lie not in motors but in wires that can ‘remember’ their shape.

Video

A British pro-democracy group has accused Russia of abusing the global law enforcement agency Interpol by requesting the arrest and extradition of political opponents. A new report by the group notes such requests can mean the accused are unable to travel and are often unable to open bank accounts. VOA's Henry Ridgwell reports.

Video

Talks on a major new trade agreement among 12 Pacific Rim nations are said to be nearing completion in Hawaii. Some trade experts say the "positive atmosphere" at the discussions could mean a deal is within reach, but there is still hard bargaining to be done over many issues and products, including U.S. drugs and Japanese rice. VOA's Jim Randle reports.

Video

Earth is in the midst of its sixth mass extinction. The last such event was caused by an asteroid 66 million years ago. It killed off the dinosaurs and practically everything else. So scientists are in a race against time to classify the estimated 11 million species alive today. So far only 2 million are described by science, and researchers are worried many will disappear before they even have a name. VOA’s Rosanne Skirble reports.

Video

Scientists have long been trying to develop an effective protection and cure for malaria - one of the deadliest diseases that affects people in tropical areas, especially children. As the World Health Organization announces plans to begin clinical trials of a promising new vaccine, scientists in South Africa report that they too are at an important threshold. George Putic reports, they are testing a compound that could be a single-dose cure for malaria.

Video

The latest issue of 'New York' magazine features 35 women who say they were drugged and raped by film and television celebrity Bill Cosby. The women are aged from 44 to 80 and come from different walks of life and races. The magazine interviewed each of them separately, but Zlatica Hoke reports their stories are similar.

Video

The United States is promising not to give up its fight against what Secretary of State John Kerry calls the “scourge” of modern slavery. Officials released the country’s annual human trafficking report Monday – a report that’s being met with some criticism. VOA’s National Security correspondent Jeff Seldin has more from the State Department.

Video

Abandoned more than 50 years ago, the underground streetcar station in Washington D.C.’s historic DuPont Circle district is about to be reborn. The plan calls for turning the spacious underground platforms - once meant to be a transportation hub, - into a unique space for art exhibitions, presentations, concerts and even a film set. Roman Mamonov has more from beneath the streets of the U.S. capital. Joy Wagner narrates his report.

Video

Greece has replaced Italy as the main gateway for migrants into Europe, with more than 100,000 arrivals in the first six months of 2015. Many want to move further into Europe and escape Greece’s economic crisis, but they face widespread dangers on the journey overland through the Balkans. VOA's Henry Ridgwell reports.

Video

After the closure of a major rubbish dump a week ago, the streets of Beirut are filling up with trash. Having failed to draw up a plan B, politicians are struggling to deal with the problem. John Owens has more for VOA from Beirut.

Video

A U.N. climate conference in December aims to produce an ambitious agreement to fight heat-trapping greenhouse gases. But many local governments are not waiting, and have drafted their own climate action plans. That’s the case with Paris — which is getting special attention, since it’s hosting the climate summit. Lisa Bryant takes a look for VOA at the transformation of the French capital into an eco-city.