For several decades, Professor Victor H. Vroom and his colleagues at Yale University have been doing research on leadership styles. This research has been driven by two objectives. The first objective was to explore the differences in leadership styles used in different countries and organizations around the world. Where did these differences come from and how are they changing with globalization? The second objective was is to build a normative or prescriptive situational model of the leadership process which can serve as a guide to leaders in adapting their leadership styles to the challenges they face.
To date, Professor Vroom's research has involved a quarter of a million leaders from around the world. It has also produced a computer-based normative model of leadership called Expert System, designed to aid managers in matching their styles to other specific challenges they face.
In this Webinar, you will learn the following:
•The changes in leadership necessary in a knowledge economy
•The situational factors that you need to consider in choosing an effective style to lead in your organization
About the Speaker:
Dr. Victor H. Vroom holds the BearingPoint Chair of Management at Yale University's School of Management. He is the author of nine books and over eighty articles dealing with motivation, leadership, and decision making. Several of his books are regarded as landmarks in their field and have resulted in awards from the Academy of Management, the American Psychological Association, the McKinsey Foundation, and the Ford Foundation. Professor Vroom has also served as a consultant to many government agencies and to over 100 major corporations in the United States and abroad.
Relevant : Webinars :
- Linking Scenario and Decision Making by Dr. Alexandar Va De Putte of IE Business School
http://blog.mile.org/linking-scenario-and-decision-making/
- Scenario Planning and Decision Making by Dr. Paul Shoemaker of Wharton Business School
http://blog.mile.org/scenario-planning-and-decision-making/
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In psychology, decision-making is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several alternative possibilities. Every decision-making process produces a final choice, which may or may not prompt action.
You can read more articles on our site at https://www.pen2print.org/
You can contact us for collaboration [email protected]

The judiciary (also known as the judicial system' or court system) is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in the name of the state. About the book: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/067169152X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=067169152X&linkCode=as2&tag=tra0c7-20&linkId=2e31bc2809d3630eb9184130fd5a29c2
The judiciary also provides a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the judiciary generally does not make law (that is, in a plenary fashion, which is the responsibility of the legislature) or enforce law (which is the responsibility of the executive), but rather interprets law and applies it to the facts of each case. This branch of the state is often tasked with ensuring equal justice under law. It usually consists of a court of final appeal (called the "Supreme court" or "Constitutional court"), together with lower courts.
In many jurisdictions the judicial branch has the power to change laws through the process of judicial review. Courts with judicial review power may annul the laws and rules of the state when it finds them incompatible with a higher norm, such as primary legislation, the provisions of the constitution or international law. Judges constitute a critical force for interpretation and implementation of a constitution, thus de facto in common law countries creating the body of constitutional law.
In the US during recent decades the judiciary became active in economic issues related with economic rights established by constitution because "economics may provide insight into questions that bear on the proper legal interpretation".[3] Since many countries with transitional political and economic systems continue treating their constitutions as abstract legal documents disengaged from the economic policy of the state, practice of judicial review of economic acts of executive and legislative branches have begun to grow.
In the 1980s, the Supreme Court of India for almost a decade had been encouraging public interest litigation on behalf of the poor and oppressed by using a very broad interpretation of several articles of the Indian Constitution.
Budget of the judiciary in many transitional and developing countries is almost completely controlled by the executive. The latter undermines the separation of powers, as it creates a critical financial dependence of the judiciary. The proper national wealth distribution including the government spending on the judiciary is subject of the constitutional economics. It is important to distinguish between the two methods of corruption of the judiciary: the state (through budget planning and various privileges), and the private.
The term "judiciary" is also used to refer collectively to the personnel, such as judges, magistrates and other adjudicators, who form the core of a judiciary (sometimes referred to as a "bench"), as well as the staffs who keep the system running smoothly.
In common law jurisdictions, courts interpret law, including constitutions, statutes, and regulations. They also make law (but in a limited sense, limited to the facts of particular cases) based upon prior case law in areas where the legislature has not made law. For instance, the tort of negligence is not derived from statute law in most common law jurisdictions. The term common law refers to this kind of law.
In civil law jurisdictions, courts interpret the law, but are prohibited from creating law, and thus do not issue rulings more general than the actual case to be judged. Jurisprudence plays a similar role to case law.
In the United States court system, the Supreme Court is the final authority on the interpretation of the federal Constitution and all statutes and regulations created pursuant to it, as well as the constitutionality of the various state laws; in the US federal court system, federal cases are tried in trial courts, known as the US district courts, followed by appellate courts and then the Supreme Court. State courts, which try 98% of litigation, may have different names and organization; trial courts may be called "courts of common plea", appellate courts "superior courts" or "commonwealth courts". The judicial system, whether state or federal, begins with a court of first instance, is appealed to an appellate court, and then ends at the court of last resort.
In France, the final authority on the interpretation of the law is the Council of State for administrative cases, and the Court of Cassation for civil and criminal cases.
In the People's Republic of China, the final authority on the interpretation of the law is the National People's Congress.
Other countries such as Argentina have mixed systems that include lower courts, appeals courts, a cassation court (for criminal law) and a Supreme Court. In this system the Supreme Court is always the final authority, but criminal cases have four stages, one more than civil law does.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judiciary

In this video Dr Vivek Bindra talks about Cost Benefit Analysis and how it helps in taking decision in life and business, be it big or small.
Dr Vivek Bindra also talks about various monitory and non monitory costs and benefits that you should keep in mind while taking a decision.
To Attend a 4 hour Power Packed “Extreme Motivation & Peak Performance” Seminar of BOUNCE BACK SERIES, Call at +919310144443 or Visit https://bouncebackseries.com/
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The hard choices -- what we most fear doing, asking, saying -- are very often exactly what we need to do. How can we overcome self-paralysis and take action? Tim Ferriss encourages us to fully envision and write down our fears in detail, in a simple but powerful exercise he calls "fear-setting." Learn more about how this practice can help you thrive in high-stress environments and separate what you can control from what you cannot.
The TED Talks channel features the best talks and performances from the TED Conference, where the world's leading thinkers and doers give the talk of their lives in 18 minutes (or less). Look for talks on Technology, Entertainment and Design -- plus science, business, global issues, the arts and more.
Follow TED on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/TEDTalks
Like TED on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TED
Subscribe to our channel: https://www.youtube.com/TED

Enterprises have unprecedented access to data. Yet, many companies are struggling to leverage this data to drive better decision-making. Legacy business intelligence and analytics platforms were not architected to handle today's volume and variety of data. Many organizations also lack the specialized skills to turn raw data into useful information. Learn how you can leverage Infor BI and Amazon Redshift to makes sense of big data and gain new insights in a faster, more intuitive, and enjoyable system. To learn more, please visit http://www.infor.com/articles/cloud-initiatives

People make a career choice in many different ways. This video runs through a few paths to help get you thinking about your own career path.
Useful resources and articles:
Career Planning FREE eBook, 11 Easy Steps to Create your Career Plan and Set Career Goals: http://bit.ly/1h8j3PV
Career Planning for PhDs FREE eBook: http://bit.ly/14VF3oT
Making Decisions about Your Career: http://bit.ly/1jydko9
SWOT Analysis Helps Career Decisions: http://bit.ly/1fb2fqi
http://www.jobs.ac.uk
The best career and job hunting advice from the experts in Academic Recruitment.
Watch, Learn, Share

Plot is a new type of free tool that helps you make better decisions about your financial future. We all have lists of things we want, plans for our future and scenarios that need to be played out, but no easy way to visualise them. Plot allows you to visualise your financial future, easily.
App download - https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/plot-explore-your-future/id819292092?ls=1&mt=8
Website - http://www.tryplot.com
Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/getplot
Twitter - http://www.twitter.com/plotapp
Plot has launched on the iPad first. We are in Beta and building every day, learning in every way and looking to hear from you. You can communicate with us on our Forum.
Forum - http://www.tryplot.com/forum
Find out more about the people behind Plot, our plans for the future and other announcements via our blog (down at the moment).
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Music Composed by: Andrej Wilczek
Music Performed by: Soulministeriet - https://www.facebook.com/Soulministeriet
------------
Articles & Honours & Mentions :
FWA Mobile of the Day : http://www.thefwa.com/mobile/plot
M3 at IDG Sweden : http://m3.idg.se/2.1022/1.549997/plot---ekonomisk-planering-med-en-klackspark

Pakistan Career TV is an initiative of eduvision to inspire students and youth in education and helping them make an informed decision about their future. Our audience is students, young professionals, parents and teachers from all over Pakistan.
Eduvision is Pakistan's Pioneer and largest organization in the field of Career Counseling and Educational Guidance. With a combined experience of guiding more than 150,000 students of its team members, eduvision has become a trend setter in the field of Career Planning.
Videos and scripts are prepared under the guidance of Mr. Yousuf Almas, who is the CEO and founder of Eduvision. Mr. Yousuf Almas is Author of 7 books on Career Planning and more than 100 articles. He has provided career counselling to more than 100,000 local and international students. Career Planning found its place on media and also on Government level due to his endeavors. Mr. Almas is member and fellow of many reputable international HRD and career counselling organizations.
URL: http://www.eduvision.edu.pk/
FB: https://www.facebook.com/Eduvision.edu.pk/
YT: https://www.youtube.com/eduvisionpakistan

Management skills overlap with leadership skills, as both involve problem-solving, decision-making, planning, delegation, communication, and time management. Good managers are often good leaders. And yet the two roles are distinct. In general, management is about organization.
You can read more articles on our site at https://www.pen2print.org/
You can contact us for collaboration [email protected]

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Ego is a false sense of self which separates oneself from others. Ego gives rise to perceptions, references and identifications. In this video Neeta Singhal explains what are preceptions and how deal with them.
This Video is a part of the complete video at link below
Complete Video:
How to make the right decisions- Deep Secrets of Ajna Chakra (with English Subtitle)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29hNV17PICw
To see other parts of the Video, click on links below
1) Dissolve hatred and definitions to open third eye
https://youtu.be/4lC5sY9_BRA
2) How attachment prevents you from taking right decisions
https://youtu.be/zhkbMjeKnRk
3) How MayaIllusions leads to Ignorance
https://youtu.be/mme8p5QI5N8
5) How to make decisions
https://youtu.be/dbdgEN_xr7w
6) Reason for obsessive thoughts
https://youtu.be/T3dOcYREROA
7) what is the right decision
https://youtu.be/g60_uSPg7YM
8) What stops you from taking the right decision
https://youtu.be/ne_ILXB9yXU
9) With unconditional trust you open your third eye
https://youtu.be/Grivt4pqgYc
Find out more videos at https://www.youtube.com/user/rudracentre/videos
For Blogs and articles: http://www.neetasinghal.com
Official Facebook Page of Neeta Singhal
https://www.facebook.com/NeetaSinghalOfficial/
Official Twitter Profile of Neeta Singhal
https://twitter.com/Singhal_Neeta
Official Linkedin Profile of Neeta Singhal
https://www.linkedin.com/in/neeta-singhal/
To avail counseling and Rudraksha Ratna Science Therapy recommendations for chakra balancing, visit our Centre nearest to you.
http://www.neetasinghal.com/holisticnetwork.html
Rudra Centre: http://www.rudraksha-ratna.com
Chakra Yog: http://www.chakrayog.com

Negotiating Leverage:
How To Get It! How To Use It! How To Keep It!
PART 11B OF 16
"Negotiations and Organizational Decision Making"
DISTINGUISHED PANELISTS (1980 BIOGRAPHIES)
Donn Coffee – Chairman, The Organization Development Technology Group, Port Washington, New York
Since 1956, Mr. Coffee has served as a consultant on organization development, including managing by objectives, strategic planning, negotiating skills, problem analysis and decision-making, motivation, and, team building. He serves over 200 clients in both the public and private sectors.
He has authored numerous articles on organization development, mental health in industry,employee discipline, motivation, cost reduction, planning, and the consultative process.

- Do you get the level of insight you need from your MI?
- Does your organisation get enough value from the data it has access to?
- Does data in your organisation make a difference? Or drive action?
- Are decisions in your business led by data or by personality?
- Could the Operation use data better?
This 13 month programme is to help all attendees identify what good data they require for their operations, be it hard numbers from a system, verbatim from a customer or econometric indicators from the web, and to learn how to best use this information, triangulating real insight and adding significant value to all aspects of our day to day operations.You will:
- Understand the importance of identifying the relationships between all goals and measures and the organisational strategy
- Understand how innovative collection of data benefits from technology and lateral thinking
- Learn the rules of obtaining buy in to your insight and provide real value to all within your operation
We invite you to participate in a series of events to learn, understand and discuss data production and to access your use of this intelligence to deliver real insight into your operational practices and the experience you deliver to your customers. We will be hosting 3 workshops across the year in the UK in March, June and then October before closing the loop in November 2015.
This is a unique opportunity for you to develop your understanding, obtainment and use of your data, and make a difference to your organisations insight and be a part of the development of data targeting, access and utilisation of best practice. There will also be opportunities for you to be part of future planning forum events (conference and seminars) and newsletters either by presenting or table facilitating and writing articles or blogs.

I will be talking about the various different functions of the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) of the brain. They include planning for future actions, having control over ones impulses and emotions, and processing semantic language information. Read about the PFC: https://amzn.to/2RYI8F3 -And- https://amzn.to/2DJZhPT | Article Version of video: https://therevisionist.org/reviews/role-of-prefrontal-cortex-in-cognitive-function/
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In mammalian brain anatomy, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the cerebral cortex which covers the front part of the frontal lobe.
Many authors have indicated an integral link between a person's will to live, personality, and the functions of the prefrontal cortex. This brain region has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behavior, personality expression, decision making, and moderating social behavior. The basic activity of this brain region is considered to be orchestration of thoughts and actions in accordance with internal goals.
The most typical psychological term for functions carried out by the prefrontal cortex area is executive function. Executive function relates to abilities to differentiate among conflicting thoughts, determine good and bad, better and best, same and different, future consequences of current activities, working toward a defined goal, prediction of outcomes, expectation based on actions, and social "control" (the ability to suppress urges that, if not suppressed, could lead to socially unacceptable outcomes).
The frontal cortex supports concrete rule learning. More anterior regions along the rostro-caudal axis of frontal cortex support rule learning at higher levels of abstraction.
A 2014 meta-analysis by Professor Nicole P.Yuan from the University of Arizona found that larger prefrontal cortex volume and greater PFC cortical thickness were associated with better executive performance: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763414000268
A widely accepted theory regarding the function of the brain's prefrontal cortex is that it serves as a store of short-term memory.
It is also widely believed that the size and number of connections in the prefrontal cortex relates directly to sentience, as the prefrontal cortex in humans occupies a far larger percentage of the brain than in any other animal.
... Activations in this region occur during semantic, relative to nonsemantic, tasks for the generation of words to semantic cues or the classification of words or pictures into semantic categories. This activation appears in the right prefrontal cortex of people known to be atypically right-hemisphere dominant for language. In this region, activations are associated with meaningful encoding that leads to superior explicit memory for stimuli and deactivations with implicit semantic memory (repetition priming) for words and pictures. New findings are reported showing that patients with global amnesia show deactivations in the same region associated with repetition priming, that activation in this region reflects selection of a response from among numerous relative to few alternatives, and that activations in a portion of this region are associated specifically with semantic relative to phonological processing. It is hypothesized that activations in left inferior prefrontal cortex reflect a domain-specific semantic working memory capacity that is invoked more for semantic than nonsemantic analyses regardless of stimulus modality, more for initial than for repeated semantic analysis of a word or picture, more when a response must be selected from among many than few legitimate alternatives, and that yields superior later explicit memory for experiences: http://www.pnas.org/content/95/3/906.full

Everything you know about time-management is wrong. In this challenging and counter-intuitive video, Self-Discipline Strategist and New York Times bestselling author of Rory Vaden, shows you why you can't solve today's time-management challenges with yesterday's time-management strategies. More importantly he explains why procrastinating on purpose is the key to being able to Multiply your time.
Self-Discipline Strategist Rory Vaden’s book Take the Stairs is a #1 Wall St Journal and #2 New York Times bestseller. Rory is also Co-Founder of Southwestern Consulting™, an 8-figure global consulting practice. His new book Procrastinate On Purpose: 5 Permissions to Multiply Your Time came out in January of 2015 and was an instant National Bestseller. Free insights at http://www.roryvadenblog.com .
This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at http://ted.com/tedx

Pakistan Career TV is an initiative of eduvision to inspire students and youth in education and helping them make an informed decision about their future. Our audience is students, young professionals, parents and teachers from all over Pakistan.
Eduvision is Pakistan's Pioneer and largest organization in the field of Career Counseling and Educational Guidance. With a combined experience of guiding more than 150,000 students of its team members, eduvision has become a trend setter in the field of Career Planning.
Videos and scripts are prepared under the guidance of Mr. Yousuf Almas, who is the CEO and founder of Eduvision. Mr. Yousuf Almas is Author of 7 books on Career Planning and more than 100 articles. He has provided career counselling to more than 100,000 local and international students. Career Planning found its place on media and also on Government level due to his endeavors. Mr. Almas is member and fellow of many reputable international HRD and career counselling organizations.
URL: http://www.eduvision.edu.pk/
FB: https://www.facebook.com/Eduvision.edu.pk/
YT: https://www.youtube.com/eduvisionpakistan

Pakistan Career TV is an initiative of eduvision to inspire students and youth in education and helping them make an informed decision about their future. Our audience is students, young professionals, parents and teachers from all over Pakistan.
Eduvision is Pakistan's Pioneer and largest organization in the field of Career Counseling and Educational Guidance. With a combined experience of guiding more than 150,000 students of its team members, eduvision has become a trend setter in the field of Career Planning.
Videos and scripts are prepared under the guidance of Mr. Yousuf Almas, who is the CEO and founder of Eduvision. Mr. Yousuf Almas is Author of 7 books on Career Planning and more than 100 articles. He has provided career counselling to more than 100,000 local and international students. Career Planning found its place on media and also on Government level due to his endeavors. Mr. Almas is member and fellow of many reputable international HRD and career counselling organizations.
URL: http://www.eduvision.edu.pk/
FB: https://www.facebook.com/Eduvision.edu.pk/
YT: https://www.youtube.com/eduvisionpakistan

https://tspreport.regalassets.com?campaign_id=7787 Corporate America really started to take notice of pensions in the wake of the dot-com crash, in 2000. Interest rates and stock prices both plummeted, which meant that the value of pension liabilities rose while the value of the assets held to meet them fell. A number of major firms in weak industries, notably steel and airlines, went bankrupt in large measure because of their inability to meet their obligations under defined-benefit pension plans.
The result was an acceleration of America’s shift away from defined-benefit (DB) pensions toward defined-contribution (DC) retirement plans, which transfer the investment risk from the company to the employee. Once an add-on to traditional retirement planning, DC plans—epitomized by the ubiquitous 401(k)—have now become the main vehicles for private retirement saving.
But although the move to defined-contribution plans arguably reduces the liabilities of business, it has, if anything, increased the likelihood of a major crisis down the line as the baby boomers retire. To begin with, putting relatively complex investment decisions in the hands of individuals with little or no financial expertise is problematic. Research demonstrates that decision making is pervaded with behavioral biases. (To some extent, biases can be compensated for by appropriately framing choices. For example, making enrollment in a 401(k) plan the default option—employees must opt out rather than opt in—has materially increased the rate of enrollment in the plans.)
More dangerous yet is the shift in focus away from retirement income to return on investment that has come with the introduction of saver-managed DC plans: Investment decisions are now focused on the value of the funds, the returns on investment they deliver, and how volatile those returns are. Yet the primary concern of the saver remains what it always has been: Will I have sufficient income in retirement to live comfortably? Clearly, the risk and return variables that now drive investment decisions are not being measured in units that correspond to savers’ retirement goals and their likelihood of meeting them. Thus, it cannot be said that savers’ funds are being well managed.
In the following pages I will explore the consequences of measuring and regulating pension fund performance like a conventional investment portfolio, explain how retirement plan sponsors (that is, employers) and investment managers can engage with savers to present them with meaningful choices, and discuss the implications for pension investments and regulation.
These recommendations apply most immediately to the United States and the United Kingdom, which have made the most dramatic shift among developed nations toward putting retirement risks and responsibilities in the hands of individuals. But the trend toward defined-contribution plans is ubiquitous in Asia, Europe, and Latin America. Thus the principles of providing for retirement income apply everywhere.
retirement planning articles,
retirement planning tools,
retirement planning companies,
retirement planning spreadsheet,
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retirement information clearinghouse

Although the term "evidence-based practice" has become ubiquitous across disability disciplines, there is no common agreement about what it means. In this presentation, a definition of evidence-based practice will be offered. A rationale for this definition and a discussion of some of the main tenants of evidence-based practice will be presented. Evidence-based practice as a decision-making model features the relationships between the critical sources of influence and the chief responsibilities of evidence-based practitioners.
Dr. Slocum earned his doctorate in Special Education at the Univeristy of Washington in 1991 and has been a faculty member at Utah State University in the Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation since that time. He coordinates the doctoral training program at USU and has received several personnel preparation grants to train doctoral students. Dr. Slocum was recognized as the 2011 Teacher of the Year by USU's College of Education. He also received the 2011 Fred S. Keller Behavioral Education Award from Division 25 of the American Psychological Association. He has been involved in reading instruction and reading research for more than 25 years and serves as the president of the Association for Direct Instruction board of directors. His research interests also include school-wide implementation of research-based reading instruction and evidence-based practice. In the past few years, Dr. Slocum has published seven articles or book chapters and presented 13 papers or workshops on topics related to evidence-based practice.

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Economic planning
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Economic planning is a mechanism for the allocation of resources between and within organizations which is held in contrast to the market mechanism. As an allocation mechanism for socialism, economic planning substitutes factor markets for a direct allocation of resources within a single or interconnected group of socially-owned organizations.There are various forms of economic planning. The level of centralization in the decision-making depends on the specific type of planning mechanism employed. As such, one can distinguish between centralized planning and decentralized planning. An economy primarily based on central planning is referred to as a planned economy. In a centrally planned economy the allocation of resources is determined by a comprehensive plan of production which specifies output requirements. Planning may also take the form of directive planning or indicative planning.
A distinction can be made between physical planning (as in pure socialism) and financial planning (as practiced by governments and private firms in capitalism). Physical planning involves economic planning and coordination conducted in terms of disaggregated physical units, whereas financial planning involves plans formulated in terms of financial units.

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Planned economy
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
A planned economy is a type of economic system where investment and the allocation of capital goods take place according to economy-wide economic and production plans. A planned economy may use centralized, decentralized or participatory forms of economic planning. A command economy or administrative command economy is any of the nominally-planned economies of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Block - these terms highlight the central role of hierarchical administration in guiding the allocation of resources in these economic systems as opposed to planned coordination.Planned economies are usually associated with Soviet-type central planning, which involves centralized state planning and administrative decision-making. In command economies, important allocation-decisions are made by government authorities and are imposed by law. Planned economies contrast with unplanned economies, specifically market economies, where autonomous firms operating in markets make decisions about production, distribution, pricing and investment. Market economies that use indicative planning are sometimes referred to as “planned market economies”.
The traditional conception of socialism involves the integration of socially-owned economic enterprises via some form of planning with direct calculation substituting factor markets. As such, the concept of a planned economy is often associated with socialism and with socialist planning. More recent approaches to socialist planning and allocation have come from some economists and computer scientists proposing planning mechanisms based on advances in computer science and information technology.

Mr. Vivek Bindra, International motivational speaker, Leadership consultant & CEO Coach explains How to handle tough situations in this video. Watch for ( Massive Action Plan + New Options = Success ) He explains how to tackle tough conditions, tough circumstances, how to handle and make tough decisions, tough life decisions, tough professional decisions, personal and social life decisions.
To Attend a 4 hour Power Packed “Extreme Motivation & Peak Performance” Seminar of BOUNCE BACK SERIES, Call at +919310144443 or Visit https://bouncebackseries.com/
Watch the Leadership funnel Program Testimonial Video, here at https://youtu.be/xNUysc5b0uI
Follow our Official Facebook Page at https://facebook.com/DailyMotivationByVivekBindra/ and get updates of recent happenings, events, seminars, blog articles and daily motivation.
He also tells his viewers to how to remain tough during difficult times, create a tough conditioning, personality, outlook, attitude and approach in life. He explains how To Take A Tough Decision In Tough Situation Decision Making Skills, How To Take A Tough Decision In Tough Situation Decision Making, Effective Decision Making, All About Making Decisions, How To Make Decisions, Decision Making Tools, Decision Making Skills And Techniques Guide, How To Take A Tough Decision In Tough Situation Decision Making, The One Thing You Can Do To Ensure Good Decision-Making, Questions You Should Ask Yourself When Faced With A Tough situation, Tricks To Help You Make Any Difficult Decision, Great Leaders Are Great Decision-Makers. Watch his decision making and tough situation handling videos in Hindi and English, for students, youth, working professionals, working women. Mr. Bindra is a leading motivational speaker, leadership trainer, motivational guru and coach in different cities, like Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Pune, Kanpur,Indore,Jaipur,Vadodara,Surat,Nagpur,Lucknow,Patna,Bhopal,Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Coimbatore, Dehradun, Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Gurgaon, Guwahati, Indore, Jamshedpur, Kanpur, Kochi, Kozhikode, Lucknow, Nagpur, Noida, Raipur, Rajkot, Ranchi, Surat, Vadodara, Varanasi, Visakhapatnam. He is also the best positive attitude trainer in India, NCR, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal. He is widely known for his positive attitude & thinking sessions in Asia, South East Asia, Malaysia, Kualalumpur, Singapore, Thailand, Bangkok, Vietnam, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Maldives, Bhutan, Nepal, Thimpoo, Kathmandu, Sri Lanka, Colombo, Candy and middle east. This video explains how how mentally weak, mentally challenged, mentally frail, mentally exhausted, mentally disturbed, mentally ill people can transform themselves into mentally strong, mentally positive, mentally assertive, mentally convincing people. Acquire mental strength, mental motivation, mental inspiration, mental strength affirmation, learn mental strength exercises in hindi and English. Learn mental strength training, avoid mental stress training, mental stability training. Learn strong mind motivation, strong mind power brain, strong mind meditation, strong mind test, strong mind in hindi and English, strong mind set. Watch this opportunity motivational video, how to convert adversity into opportunity, how to turn adverse negative situation into positive situations, how to convert weakness into strengths, turn negativity into positivity. Talk to Mr. Vivek Bindra for his success coaching sessions, trainings, seminars, lectures, discourses, debates, interviews etc. Mr. Bindra will help you develop a hunger for success in life. Mr. Bindra will train you on how to be successful in life, how to be successful in career, how to be successful in business, how to get success in life, how to get success in exams, how to get success in interview, how to get success in competitive exam, how to get success in business etc. Learn to become a successful person, learn how to get success, learn what to do to become successful, Script your own successful stories under the guidance of Mr. Vivek Bindra and becomes successful. Success story of great personalities by Mr. Bindra which will encourage you to bounce back and achieve success. Learn about the Success story of an Indian entrepreneur and “If you have a successful business idea but don’t know How to bounce back, then you can’t run a successful business. He delivers the best success speech and helps people to bounce back each time they fail and meet success. Learn success tips by Mr. Vivek Bindra in this video. His success mantra does not lie in problems and boundaries conditions but lies in – the secrets and key to success.

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Participatory economics
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Participatory economics, often abbreviated parecon, is an economic system based on participatory decision making as the primary economic mechanism for allocation in society. In the system the say in decision-making is proportional to the impact on a person or group of people. Participatory economics is a form of decentralized economic planning and socialism involving the common ownership of the means of production. It is a proposed alternative to contemporary capitalism and centralized planning. This economic model is primarily associated with political theorist Michael Albert and economist Robin Hahnel, who describe participatory economics as an anarchist economic vision.The underlying values that parecon seeks to implement are equity, solidarity, diversity, workers' self-management and efficiency (defined as accomplishing goals without wasting valued assets). The institutions of parecon include workers' and consumers' councils utilizing self-managerial methods for making decisions, balanced job complexes, remuneration based on individual effort, and participatory planning.

Executive director of Stanford’s design program at the d.School, Bill Burnett uses design thinking, a career’s worth of starting companies and coaching students, and a childhood spent drawing cars and airplanes under his Grandmother’s sewing machine to inform his work on how to design your life. In five eyebrow-raising findings, Burnett offers simple but life-changing advice on designing the life you want, whether you are contemplating college or retirement.
After years of drawing cars and airplanes under his Grandmother’s sewing machine, Bill Burnett went to college where he discovered that there were people in the world who did this kind of thing every day (without the sewing machine), and they were called designers. Thirty years, five companies, and a couple thousand students later, Burnett is still drawing and building things, teaching others how to do the same, and quietly enjoying the fact that no one has discovered that he is having too much fun. As Executive Director of the Design Program at Stanford, he runs undergraduate and graduate programs in design, both interdepartmental programs between the mechanical engineering and art departments. Burnett worked on design of the award-winning Apple PowerBooks and the original Hasbro Star Wars action figures. He holds a number of mechanical and design patents.
This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx

Broadcast for the week beginning November 30, 2014.
God loves us and desires to meet the needs of our lives. He promises to answer our prayers, but not always according to our timing or method. Dr. Stanley reminds us that waiting on the Lord is a vital principle for every Christian. God, above all others, knows when the timing is right for His perfect plan to go into action. After all, He knows our lives from beginning to end, so He knows exactly where we are at this moment.
For more on this topic, read the article at http://bit.ly/30lps14.

Running a business is inherently risky; thus adjusting the optimal balance between risk and returns is imperative for business management. The primary objective of this webinar is to demonstrate the value of integrated risk management and business continuity management on achieving corporate strategic goals and objectives.
Main points covered:
• The identification of the opportunities for improvement of current risk and business continuity management programs;
• The assessment of the adequacy of risk management and business continuity initiatives;
• Explanations of the concept of Integrated Risk and Business Continuity Management;
• A description of the range of risks that threaten enterprise continuity;
• The incorporation of risk management needs into all business decision making and planning.
Presenter:
Geary W. Sikich is a seasoned risk management professional who advises private and public sector executives in developing risk buffering strategies to protect their asset base. He is also a recognized expert in the field of business continuity and crisis management planning. He is a well-known author of four books and over 410 articles, papers and presentations on crisis management and business continuity issues. His latest book, “Protecting Your Business in a Pandemic: Plans, Tools, for Maintaining Business Continuity," 2010, is available at Amazon.com. He has over 28 years of experience in competitive intelligence, crisis management consulting, business continuity planning, human resource development, infrastructure protection, risk management, business “War Gaming” and many other special projects.
Organizer: Endrita Muhaxheri
Date: January 23, 2018
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Find out more about the ISO 31000 Risk Management standard:
Trainings: https://pecb.com/iso-31000-training-courses
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article/fundamentals-of-managing-risks
Whitepaper: https://pecb.com/whitepaper/iso-31000-risk-management--principles-and-guidelines
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Google +: https://plus.google.com/+PECBGroup
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION

Marketing planning involves deciding on marketing strategies that will help the company achieve its overall strategic objectives. In this lesson, we’re going to show you what a marketing plan looks like.
Executive Summary: This purpose of this section is to provide a brief summary of the main goals, objectives and recommendations for management review and decision making.
Situational Analysis: This section describes the target market and the company’s position in it, including information about the market, performance, competition, and distribution, it includes:
• A market description that defines the market and it’s major segments, customer needs and the overall marketing environment.
• A product review
• A review of competition
• A review of channels and distribution
SWOT Analysis: This section is designed to assess the major strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the company and its products.
Marketing Objective & Issues: This section states the main marketing objectives that the company would like to attain in the coming period, and discusses the key issues that might affect these objectives.
Marketing Strategy: Outlines the broad logic by which the business plans to achieve it marketing objectives, and the specific target markets, positioning, and budgets. It also outlines specific strategies for each element in the company’s marketing mix.
Actions and Tactics: this area of the marketing plan outlines how marketing strategies will be turned in to specific actions, tactics and programs, answering the following questions: What will be done? When will it be done? Who is responsible? And How much will it cost?
Budgets: This section details a formal marketing budget for all activities outlined in the previous sections. It forms the basis for marketing’s operations, including materials, production, scheduling, personnel and other activities.
KPIs and Controls: The final section outlines the key indicators that will be used to monitor progress and allow management to review the implementation and success of the overall marketing plan.
Read more about the key elements to consider when preparing a marketing plan: https://www.potential.com/articles/5-key-elements-marketing-plan/
Empower Yourself with more Practical Business Education to Reach your Potential by visiting our site: https://www.potential.com/

This video brings to you 12 Most Affordable Ways to Reduce the Cost of Building a New House on a Budget. Some of the most Affordable Ways to Reduce the Cost of Building a New House on a Budget include:
1. Find a Good Architect
Allow me to draw the following analogy before I start; Most of us when we are sick, we visit the best doctor, or when we have a court case, we hire the best lawyer. But when it comes to building our dream house on the contrary we go for the cheap. A good architect will give you;
• A Good Design – A good design builds a good house.
• Efficient floor plan- Optimal room sizes without space wastage
• Sustainable Design – Low running costs during occupancy
• Good Finishes - Finishes carry the biggest cost of the house
2. Keep the Design Simple
Most times in design, Less is always More. Keep the design simple but not simplistic. Too much zig and zag means more costs. Take off what you do not need and leave the essentials without compromising. A simple design entails:
• Floor Plan – Square/Rectangular plans are cheaper to build than circular plans
• Open plan living – Means less walling, more daylighting and sociable living environment.
• Space Utilization – Use some spaces for multiple functions such as; Dining Cum Study
• Roof Design- Complex roof design means more roofing materials leading to more costs.
3. Hire The Right Builder/Contractor
This is the BIGGEST and most IMPORTANT decision for anyone planning to build their dream house. Hire a builder/contractor that will listen to you. This means he will build a house you want and not what he thinks you want. A good builder will guarantee you:
• Minor Variations- A home build on Budget
• No time overruns- A home build within the contract period
• Good Workmanship- A home build without shortcuts
• Experienced – Good connections with subcontractors
4. Bid out Your Cost
Have quotations / bids from potential builders and compare their quotes. Remember cheaper is not necessarily the best. A good quote will tell you something about your potential builder;
• A low Quote- Could mean Poor workmanship resulting future expensive repairs and maintenance
• Optimal Quote- Could mean a builders discount and good connections with suppliers
• A High Quote- Could mean too many subcontractors involved or building materials are subpar
6. Shop for Fixtures and Fittings Yourself
The choice of house fittings is as subjective as the house owner. Therefore it makes economic sense for you to buy most of them yourself. Keep an eye for annual sale or discount at your local hardware. These may include:
• Floor and Wall Tiles- Colours and Designs
• Toilets , Wash Hand Basins, Kitchen Sinks
• Inbuilt Ovens and Cooker
• Kitchen and Dhobi/Laundry sinks
• Flat Pack Kitchen Cabinets and Wardrobes
7. Smart material choices
The choice of materials from the outset is key to managing costs of your building materials. The choices vary from:
• Buying your materials yourself- Use Coupons, discounts or annual sale
• Salvaging used materials- Recycled materials and Second hand fixtures
• Choose a Forgiving Aesthetic- Low cost and Low maintenance
7. Small is Smarter.
Keep it small. Just how much space for you need for your new house. For good Green credentials, building small is always better.
• Scale Down- Get rid of stuff/space you do not need.
• Climate- Design for the regional climate. Do you need a Basement/Garage in the tropics?
• Space Utilization – Use some spaces for multiple functions such as; Dining Cum Study
8. Choose Your Friends
Avoid peer pressure when building your house. Most people would be tempted to build what a friend has built, or Insist on the Architect designing for them a house like their friends. Since design is subjective, go with your gut feeling and pick what fits tour taste and preference as opposed to copy and paste. Unless your friends are contributing to your mortgage payment or construction loan, don’t fall to peer-pressure just because you want to feel like you fit-in.
9. Buy Stock Plans
If you can’t afford an architect, architect designed stock plans like sheltermode.com offer an alternative affordable option. Most stock plans go for a fraction of the cost of professional fees and can be amended on site to suite the client’s needs with marginal costs. Don’t fall prey to plan books and articles in your local store or street vendor. Most of these books are outdated and lack any serious professional input in design and specific.
Make sure to Like, Favorite and Share this video and Subscribe if you haven't do so already.
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Rather than making a prediction on where the Dow might close on December 31st, I’d like to review the macro themes that we believe will most profoundly impact the global economic picture. We expect these factors and emerging trends to dominate headlines and drive investment perspectives as the year unfolds.
Read full article here: http://bit.ly/2Ax9Z66
Send me your questions directly at
http://www.wesmoss.com (contact box in top right corner)
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Disclosure: This information is provided to you as a resource for informational purposes only. It is being presented without consideration of the investment objectives, risk tolerance or financial circumstances of any specific investor and might not be suitable for all investors. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Investing involves risk including the possible loss of principal. This information is not intended to, and should not, form a primary basis for any investment decision that you may make. Always consult your own legal, tax or investment advisor before making any investment/tax/estate/financial planning considerations or decisions.

Participants in this webinar discuss critical points in decision-making for planning electrification strategies. Important parameters discussed include the use of geographic information systems (GIS) for renewable energy resource assessments, load density, cost of grid expansion, cost of distributed generation technologies and the willingness to pay in rural communities. Decision makers in attendance learned when to opt for grid expansion and when to choose off-grid solutions, namely solar home systems and hybrid mini-grids.

http://www.wellthblog.com/Share-the-Plans-We-Will-Share-What-We-Know ... work plans are often given to manager-leaders to implement with their staff. Unfortunately, staff feel left out and disheartened when such actions occur. It's better to involve staff from the outset. Five reasons why are shared in the video.
We are qualified by ...
Ongoing development of tools and techniques to design, develop, deliver and evaluate iconic work-client experiences using inspired standards associated with managing-leading that gains culture clarity, improves collaborative relationships, increases capacity for greatness, and enhances consistent communication.
Ongoing development of workplace principles and practices to engage manager-leaders and their staff in the organization of work via groups/teams. The platform frames a thinking-feeling approach to creative ethical decision-making used to improve individual performance while maximizing organizational productivity. Includes theory and practice related books, articles, social media support, presentations-workshops, and seminars, mentoring and speaking.
Ongoing development and application of an organization culture framework and technique framed through learn-action research theory and practice. The technique TRIPIS includes establishment of a benchmark for organization readiness, then provision of consultant practices to develop and implement a strategic map/tactical plan to improve the culture, followed by administration of a shift evaluation assessment. Understanding culture provides precursor insights for strategic, structural, relational, communication and resource decision-making.
Ongoing design, development, and validation of a learn-action framework (LEARN * DECIDE * ACT) that serves as the preliminary steps for the development of a virtual reality (leadership/management) program supporting individual, group and organizational work-related learning and development using home-study, in-class, video conference, and on-line delivery approaches.
Ongoing development and evaluation of competency mapping and competence verification system supported through field-based research with entrepreneurs, managers and emergent leaders. Opening a global management-leadership excellence network!
Successful creation and presentation of customized experience-based workshops focused on group and team learning within organizations. Used outdoor knowledge and skills in hiking and whitewater rafting to develop and implement unique experience-based learning adventures for a variety of clients.
Successful development of workbooks for implementation of training, development and education programs through publicly advertised courses and in-house contracts with organizations on topics such as leadership and management, strategic thinking-tactical execution, learning organization, group/team learning, organizational perspectives, manager as educator, and strategy and tactics for well-living and well-being practices. Continue to receive participant accolades for the content and presentation skills associated with these workshops.
Successful presentation of conference papers on various topics specific to managing and leading, navigating organizational culture, creating the well-living workplace, and work-related educating and learning. Maintain excellent personal research skills and competent in managing research associates. Also, maintain excellent interpersonal communication skills whether speaking and/or listening and writing books, book chapters, articles, and blogs.
Extensive managing, leading, mentoring, facilitating, and consulting experience utilizing shared learning approaches on a variety of topics useful to individuals, groups, teams, organizations, and communities in Canada and internationally.
Accomplished practitioner in the use of visual language as a tool to describe and explain the managing and leading of workplace learning systems and the resultant knowledge generation.
Visit http://www.wellthblog.com/Share-the-Plans-We-Will-Share-What-We-Know to view videos and articles helpful in managing leading organization culture.

Direct Sales Training and articles at www.LifelineCoaches.com
In order to build a million or multi-million dollar business/organization, you need to have extraordinary meetings. Begin with the end in mind--plan your downline training events well in advance. Listen to my four key elements in planning an ideal meeting.
LEAVE your feedback on my Facebook wall at www.facebook.com/SteveWiltshireLifeline

Pakistan Career TV is an initiative of eduvision to inspire students and youth in education and helping them make an informed decision about their future. Our audience is students, young professionals, parents and teachers from all over Pakistan.
Eduvision is Pakistan's Pioneer and largest organization in the field of Career Counseling and Educational Guidance. With a combined experience of guiding more than 150,000 students of its team members, eduvision has become a trend setter in the field of Career Planning.
Videos and scripts are prepared under the guidance of Mr. Yousuf Almas, who is the CEO and founder of Eduvision. Mr. Yousuf Almas is Author of 7 books on Career Planning and more than 100 articles. He has provided career counselling to more than 100,000 local and international students. Career Planning found its place on media and also on Government level due to his endeavors. Mr. Almas is member and fellow of many reputable international HRD and career counselling organizations.
URL: http://www.eduvision.edu.pk/
FB: https://www.facebook.com/Eduvision.edu.pk/
YT: https://www.youtube.com/eduvisionpakistan

David Booher is Senior Policy Advisor at the Center for Collaborative Policy, California State University, Sacramento. He provides strategic consulting to the Center on research, education, and policy issues. He is a planner and policy consultant in many of the content areas for collaborative policy and has authored and co-authored numerous scholarly articles and book chapters on governance, public participation, collaborative policy, and consensus building, including the lead chapter in Deliberative Policy Analysis: Understanding Governance in the Network Society published by Cambridge University Press. His recent publications include "Collaborative Governance" in the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy and "Civic Engagement as Collaborative Complex Adaptive Networks" in the new book Civic Engagement in Network Society.
Judith Innes is Professor of City and Regional Planning at the University of California, Berkeley. She holds a Ph.D. from MIT's Department of Urban Studies and Planning and an undergraduate degree in English from Harvard University. Her dissertation and first book looked at theory and practice of social indicators use in public policy. She has done research on the processes of planning and decision making across a wide range of substantive topics, including land use and environmental policy, water management, growth management, transportation, human rights, environmental justice and social policy. Her recent interests have focused on collaborative policy making and action at the state and regional levels. She maintains a continuing interest in how to improve the use of information in planning and public policy. She has taught planning theory for many years, developing ideas through her research on communicative planning. She believes that the next agenda for planning thought and planning practice must be about how to address contemporary challenges to the traditional institutions and practices of decision making and how to develop new concepts of governance to deal with collaboration and with the many voices and competing versions of reality that confront planners today. Her most recent book, Planning with Complexity: An Introduction to Collaborative Rationality for Public Policy (Routledge/Taylor and Francis, Oxford), with David E. Booher, outlines a new theory and approach to planning.
3/7/11

Planning is the process of thinking about the activities required to achieve a desired goal. It involves the creation and maintenance of a plan, such as psychological aspects that require conceptual skills. ... Planning is preparing a sequence of action steps to achieve some specific goal
You can read more articles on our site at https://www.pen2print.org/
You can contact us for collaboration [email protected]

Dave Littell speaks regularly to financial advisors on pensions, retirement planning, and working with older clients. Professor Littell has also co-authored several books associated with American College courses: Planning for Retirement Needs, Financial Decision Making at Retirement, and The Practitioner's Guide to Advanced Pension Topics. He has published numerous articles for such periodicals as the Journal of Financial Service Professionals, FOCUS, Compensation and Benefits Management, and Benefits Quarterly. In 1997, Professor Littell won an Article Award from the Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards. He also has served on several CFP® item writing committee groups for the CFP Board of Examiners.

Annie Duke has leveraged her expertise in the science of smart decision making to excel at pursuits as varied as championship poker to public speaking. Annie recently released her latest book “Thinking in Bets: Making Smarter Decisions When You Don’t Have All the Facts.” In this book, Annie reveals to readers the lessons she regularly shares with her corporate audiences, which have been cultivated by combining her academic studies in cognitive psychology with real-life decision making experiences at the poker table.
For two decades, Annie was one of the top poker players in the world. In 2004, she bested a field of 234 players to win her first World Series of Poker (WSOP) bracelet. The same year, she triumphed in the $2 million winner-take-all, invitation-only WSOP Tournament of Champions. In 2010, she won the prestigious NBC National Heads-Up Poker Championship. Prior to becoming a professional poker player, Annie was awarded a National Science Foundation Fellowship to study Cognitive Psychology at the University of Pennsylvania.
Moderated by Jordan Thibodeau.
Get the book: https://goo.gl/dtTdaH

Title: Panel and Town Hall: Big Thoughts and Big Questions about Ethics in Artificial Intelligence
Time: 12:00 PM ET
Duration: 1 hour, 11 minutes
SUMMARY
There has been a torrent of news, announcements, and discussions in the last year about the ethics of artificial intelligence (AI) and the impact AI can and may have on society. Thinkers and groups from all corners have entered the discussion: from multiple statements by the White House about artificial intelligence and the future of work and the economy; to new academic and research centers for ethics in artificial intelligence at Oxford and the Allen Institute; to large corporations forming the Partnership for AI. We sit down with four panelists to discuss what's hot, what they see on the horizon, and to answer your questions. Interested students should also consider submitting their thoughts to the ACM SIGAI Student Essay Contest on the Responsible Use of AI Technologies where they can win cash and chats with leading AI researchers. More details are available at https://sigai.acm.org/aimatters/blog/tag/contest/.
PANELISTS
Joanna J. Bryson
Associate Professor at University of Bath
Joanna is a transdisciplinary researcher on the structure and dynamics of human- and animal-like intelligence. Her research covers topics ranging from artificial intelligence, through autonomy and robot ethics, and on to human cooperation. She will be running Society with AI (http://aisb2017.cs.bath.ac.uk/) (AISB 2017, CFPs due in January and February). She is also currently an affiliate of Princeton's Center for Information Technology Policy.
Francesca Rossi
Research Scientist at the IBM T.J. Watson Research Centre, Professor at the University of Padova; AAAI & EurAI Fellow
Her research interests focus on artificial intelligence, specifically including constraint reasoning, preferences, multi-agent systems, computational social choice, and collective decision making. She is also interested in ethical issues in the development and behaviour of AI systems, in particular the decision support systems for group decision making. She has published over 170 scientific articles in journals, conference proceedings, and as book chapters. She has edited 17 volumes, between conference proceedings, collections of contributions, special issues of journals, as well as the Handbook of Constraint Programming. She has more than 100 co-authors and has co-authored a book.
Stuart Russell
Professor at UC Berkeley and Adjunct Professor at UC San Francisco; ACM Fellow, AAAI Fellow, and AAAS Fellow
His research covers a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence including machine learning, probabilistic reasoning, knowledge representation, planning, real-time decision making, multitarget tracking, computer vision, computational physiology, global seismic monitoring, and philosophical foundations. His books include The Use of Knowledge in Analogy and Induction, Do the Right Thing: Studies in Limited Rationality (with Eric Wefald), and Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (with Peter Norvig).
Michael Wooldridge
Professor at University of Oxford and Research Fellow at Hertford College; ACM Fellow, AAAI Fellow, EURAI Fellow
Michael’s main research interests are in the use of formal techniques of one kind or another for reasoning about multiagent systems. He is particularly interested in the computational aspects of rational action in systems composed of multiple self-interested computational systems. His current research is at the intersection of logic, computational complexity, and game theory. He has published more than 300 articles in the theory and practice of autonomous agents and multiagent systems.
MODERATORS
Nicholas Mattei
Research Staff Member in the IBM TJ Watson Research Laboratory; ACM SIGAI Ethics Officer
His research is in artificial intelligence (AI) and its applications; largely motivated by problems that require a blend of techniques to develop systems and algorithms that support decision making for autonomous agents and/or humans. Most of his projects leverage theory, data, and experiment to create novel algorithms, mechanisms, and systems that enable and support individual and group decision making. He is the founder and maintainer of www.PrefLib.org: A Library for Preferences.
Rosemary Paradis
Principal Research Engineer for Leidos Health and Life Sciences; ACM SIGAI Secretary/Treaurer
Her current work as a data scientist for Big Data analytics includes building models in computational linguistics and natural language processing, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. Dr. Paradis has a number of patents and publications in the area of recognition algorithms, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. Previous work at Lockheed Martin included the design and development of machine learning algorithms and managing the Core Recognition and Identification technology development for the USPS, the Royal Mail, and the Sweden Post Office.

In this episode, I challenge a distinction that is made in classroom instruction and within Army doctrine. I refer to the distinction between familiar problems on the one hand and unfamiliar problems on the other. This distinction matters to those who employ insofar as they believe--incorrectly, I argue--that troop-leading procedures (TLP) and the military decision making process (MDMP) are well-suited to explore familiar problems whereas the Army Design Methodology (ADM) is only really necessary for unfamiliar problems. Of course, this assessment of ADM is a fundamental failure to see how this planning method is really a way (a bundle of practices, really) to structure a commander's understanding, visualization, and description, which a commander better be doing regardless of the type of operation he or she is given. The practices that compose ADM (asking four big questions; cultivating collaboration, dialogue, and argument; systems thinking; perspective-taking; and creating working and presentation diagrams) are powerful in all operations. Moreover, it is a sign of hubris to believe one has the ability to know when one is about to embark on a familiar problem or an unfamiliar problem. It is a better, more humble leadership style to appreciate that all significant military problems (including variations of the attack, defense, and movement to contact as well as stability operations and support to civilian authorities) are to some degree unfamiliar. Each operation contains its own bundle or confluence of factors and dynamics that are appearing in the world for the first time. We, as military leaders in charge of troopers and resources, can never afford to turn off our brains. It follows that a thorough understanding of factors, dynamics, and context matters.....and ADM helps us take a cut at this understanding. In this episode, I point to the example of Colonel Perkins during the Thunder Run(s) in Baghdad, 2003. Here is a tactical-level leader not simply thinking in terms of military tasks. He deliberately thought through (understanding, visualization, and description) how his tactical actions would contribute to strategic ends. He exemplified mission command by exercising initiative at his level. It is precisely this sort of approach to leadership and planning that the ADM cultivates.
In the episode above, I paraphrase General Martin Dempsey, CJCS, on the link between military power and intended outcomes. The exact quotation is: "The application of force rarely produced, in fact, maybe never produces the outcomes we seek." (quoted in the Washington Post, "Within Military, Deep Doubts about a Strike on Syria," Ernesto Londono, Thursday, August 29, 2013; the articles quotes Dempsey from an interview he conducted with ABC News).

Watch this Epic Video on Goal setting by Mr.Vivek Bindra (International Motivational Speaker, Leadership Consultant & CEO Coach. Learn to create short term and long term goals in life. Learn how to master the craft of smart Goal setting in life. How to set goals in life, importance of goal in life and achieve them. Understand why Goal setting is so critical in life. And find the importance of goal setting; learn how Goals in life can lend a direction to your life. Find out why successful people always have well defined goals in life.
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When you set your personal goal for yourself, it is important that they motivate you: this means making sure that they are important to you and you can answer – what is my goal? Set smart personal goal. Set Goals in Writing, Make an Action Plan, Stick With It. A Person without goals is like a rudderless boat in uncharted seas. The most important benefit of setting goals isn’t achieving your goal; it’s what you do and the person you become in order to achieve your goal that’s the real benefit. Personal goal setting should be smart goal setting as it provides focus. It shapes our dreams. Goals are great because they cause us to stretch and therefore goal setting in life is the first step towards our life’s goal. Mr. Vivek Bindras high voltage and best life changing speeches and motivational seminars let you know - what is your goal, what is your goal in life, importance of writing down goals, how to set goals, how to set goals successfully and accomplish them. After attending Mr. Bindra’s sessions you know - what is the importance of goal setting for students, goal setting for kids, goal setting for employees, goal setting for college students, goal setting for high school students, goal setting for middle school students, importance of goal setting for students and how to set goals and achieve them? Apart from the above question you will find also importance of goal setting in different fields such as.. goal setting in education, goal setting in sports etc. Mr. Vivek Bindra’s goal setting inspirational & motivational workshops, seminars, keynote addresses helped millions of his followers discover their true potential and worth. His goal setting inspirational video, goal setting for success videos & sessions helps individuals across the world. Mr. Bindra’s goal setting inspirational video for students helps many students find their life’s goal. Mr. Vivek Bindra is the most sought after goal setting activities seminars in cities like, Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Pune, Kanpur, Indore, Jaipur, Vadodara, Surat, Nagpur, Lucknow, Patna, Bhopal, Nashik, Aurangabad,Gandhinagar,Madurai, Agra, Ajmer, Amritsar, Asansol, Aurangabad, Bhavnagar,Bhiwandi, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Bikaner, Bokaro Steel City, Chandigarh, Coimbatore, Cuttack, Dehradun, Dhanbad, Durg-Bhilai Nagar, Durgapur, Faridabad, Firozabad, Ghaziabad, Gulbarga, Guntur, Gurgaon, Guwahati, Gwalior, Hubli,Dharwad, Indore, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Jalandhar, Jamshedpur, Jhansi, Kanpur, Kochi, Kolhapur, Kota, Kozhikode, Lucknow, Ludhiana, Madurai, Mangalore, Moradabad, Mysore, Nagpur, Noida, Patna, Pondicherry, Raipur, Rajkot, Ranchi, Rourkela, Salem, Sangli, Siliguri, Solapur, , Surat, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur, Tiruchirappalli, Tiruppur, Tirupati, Ujjain, Vadodara, Varanasi, Vasai-Virar City, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Warangal. He is also the best motivational speaker on goal setting in India, NCR, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha (Orissa), Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal. He is also the best motivational speaker on demand in India, Delhi NCR, Asia, South East Asia, Malaysia, Kualalumpur, Singapore, Thailand, Bangkok, Vietnam, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Qatar, Maldives, Bhutan, Nepal, Thimpoo, Kathmandu, Burma, Rangoon and middle east.

Business Plan Review
What is our goal?
Our goal is to assess how well your business plan tells a credible story based the following:
1. What are the primary messages?
2. Do the financials make sense?
3. Is the sales & marketing strategy justified?
4. Is the operations plan in line with objectives?
5. Are there sufficient components to drive the business forward?
6. Are your investments justified?
7. Does it sufficiently address issues that came up in previous plans?
How do we do it?
We conduct a one-hour phone discussion to get an overview of the business, the plan owner and the decision making process, where and to whom the business plan will be presented and any concerns that exist from previous years. This call is designed to set the stage for your objectives.
We will review all aspects of your business plan document/presentation and prepare a detailed report on the above criteria.
We conduct a one-hour follow-up call to discuss the report and recommendations.
What is our deliverable?
• An initial report on the seven criteria.
• Recommended modifications to improve your plan, fill the gaps & make it more credible.
• Follow-up business plans review after modifications have been made.
Why is this assessment important?
Telling a cohesive story is difficult, especially if it is not your strong suit. Our Business Plan Review gives leaders and mangers an opportunity to get a full court sounding board prior to presenting their plan for approval. They can make adjustments before their presentation and go into it prepared to answer questions.
Who should consider this assessment?
Business Leaders, Directors & Managers who are preparing to present their business plan for approval.
Interested? Contact ManagingAmericans.com Business Services
[email protected]
716-626-3098
Visit us: www.ManagingAmericans.com
ManagingAmericans.com provides Exclusive Management, Leadership & Cross-Functional Training in the form of articles, templates, podcasts & webinars developed by Experienced Business Professionals & 20+ Expert Consultants sharing knowledge, success tips and solutions to common job issues. In addition to offering business assessments, and management consulting services, the site's purpose is to mentor and develop professionals to be better leaders, managers, team players and individual contributors. Ultimately, helping people & businesses succeed via practical and actionable advice in a "do-it-yourself" environment.

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Decentralization
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Decentralization is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those regarding planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group. Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics, money and technology.

Uploading contracts to an online database should not take too long, and with the right solution, there should be a way to quickly drag and drop them into folders. Of course, the contract management team may want to give some thought as to how those folders are categorized. In some industries, it may make sense to classify them by agreement type, whereas in others they may need to be grouped by timeframe or date. It is obviously important to do what makes sense for your company and to ensure everyone understands the classification system that is instituted. With this sort of well-oiled system in place, it is a lot easier to keep a handle on things.

Divide and Conquer.
This is another area that is very industry-dependent, but it is highly unlikely that any company can afford to have an entire contract team devoted to managing one portfolio. More than likely, it is more realistic to divvy up the team and the contracts so that there is a leader for each relevant sphere. The entire team will obviously have to coordinate and communicate, but resources must be allocated in the most efficient manner possible. In turn, this will allow for several individuals to keep an eye on a smaller batch of contracts, thereby facilitating those periodic reviews.
Outsource the Tedium to Technology.