Mashhad University of Medical SciencesAvicenna Journal of Phytomedicine2228-79302228-79493420130901The effects of Artemisia aucheri extract on hepatotoxicity induced by thioacetamide in male rats293301ENAzamRezaeiDepartment of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, I. R. IranShahnazShekarForoushDepartment of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, I. R. Iranshekarforoush@iaua.ac.irSaeedChangizi AshtiyaniDepartment of Physiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, I. R. Iranashtiyani@sums.ac.irHydarAqababaDepartment of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, I. R. IranAliZareiDepartment of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, I. R. IranMaryamAziziDepartment of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, I. R. IranHasanYarmahmodiDepartment of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, I. R. Iran10.22038/ajp.2013.766Objective: Liver is an important organ that is exposed to many oxidant and carcinogenic agents, thus antioxidant compounds are beneficial for liver health. Artemisia contains flavonoid compounds and anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to possessing terpene and sesquiterpene compounds, this plant has antioxidant properties. This study was done to investigate the effects of Artemisia plant extract on thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: For induction of hepatotoxicity, 50 mg/kg thioacetamide was injected intraperitoneally (i.p).After extraction and purification, the hydroalcoholicextract was injected i.p. at 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg doses for 21 days together with thioacetamide at 50 mg/kg dose in the last 3 days. After blood sampling and separation of serum, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin, and total protein concentrations were measured. Results: Significant decreases in aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities and significant increases in the concentration of albumin and total protein in groups treated with the extract compared with thioacetamide-treated group were observed (pArtemisia,Hepato-protective,Phenolic compounds,Rat,Thioacetamidehttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_766.htmlhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_766_7ab1dd93b910478ff0ee8843a7faa0a4.pdfMashhad University of Medical SciencesAvicenna Journal of Phytomedicine2228-79302228-79493420130901Analgesic, neuropharmacological, anti-diarrheal, and cytotoxic activities of the extract of Solanum sisymbriifolium (Lam.) leaves302312ENApurba SarkerApuDepartment of Pharmacy, East West University, Plot No-A/2, Main Road, Jahurul Islam City, Aftabnagar, Dhaka-1212, Bangladeshapurba2sarker@yahoo.comShakhawat HossanBhuyanDepartment of Pharmacy, East West University, Plot No-A/2, Main Road, Jahurul Islam City, Aftabnagar, Dhaka-1212, BangladeshMaimaMatinDepartment of Pharmacy, East West University, Plot No-A/2, Main Road, Jahurul Islam City, Aftabnagar, Dhaka-1212, BangladeshMd. FaruqHossainDepartment of Pharmacy, East West University, Plot No-A/2, Main Road, Jahurul Islam City, Aftabnagar, Dhaka-1212, BangladeshFarjanaKhatunDepartment of Pharmacy, East West University, Plot No-A/2, Main Road, Jahurul Islam City, Aftabnagar, Dhaka-1212, BangladeshAbuTaiab Md. JamaluddinDepartment of Pharmacy, East West University, Plot No-A/2, Main Road, Jahurul Islam City, Aftabnagar, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh10.22038/ajp.2013.384Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the possible analgesic, neuropharmacological, anti-diarrheal, and cytotoxic activities of the ethanol extract of leaves of Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam. (Family: Solanaceae). Materials and Methods: The analgesic activity was measured by acetic acid-induced writhing inhibition test. The neuropharmacological activities were evaluated using hole cross, hole board, and elevated plus-maze test and the anti-diarrheal activity was assessed using castor oil-induced diarrhea inhibition method. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay was carried out for assessing the cytotoxicity of the ethanol extract of the leaves. Except cytotoxic activity, all the tests were conducted on mice. Results: The extract at oral doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight showed highly significant (pAnalgesic,Anti-diarrheal,Anxiolytic,Cytotoxic,Sedative Activity. Solanum sisymbriifoliumhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_384.htmlhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_384_2052194a2c648aeedb519fbacb21f2f6.pdfMashhad University of Medical SciencesAvicenna Journal of Phytomedicine2228-79302228-79493420130901Characterization of phytoconstituents and evaluation of total phenolic content, anthelmintic, and antimicrobial activities of Solanum violaceum Ortega. (Family:Solanaceae)313320ENGolam SarwarRajuDepartment of Pharmacy,
Noakhali Science and Technology University,
Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814
Bangladeshgsraju.nstu08@yahoo.comMd. Mizanur RahmanMoghalDepartment of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladeshpharmamizan@ymail.comSyed Masudur RahmanDewanDepartment of Pharmacy,
Noakhali Science and Technology University,
Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814
Bangladeshpharma.masud@hotmail.comMohammad NurulAminDepartment of Pharmacy,
Noakhali Science and Technology University,
Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814
Bangladeshamin.pharma07@gmail.comMd. MustahsanBillahDepartment of Pharmacy,
Noakhali Science and Technology University,
Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814
Bangladeshmustahsan04pharmacy@yahoo.com10.22038/ajp.2013.1056Objective: The present study was conducted to detect possible chemicals (phytoconstituents), prove ethno-medicinal value of the plant, and investigate antimicrobial, anthelmintic, and total phenolic content of crude methanolic extract of the Solanum violaceum plant. Materials and Methods: Phytochemical screening was carried out using different chemical group test methods. In anthelmintic activity test (using Pheretima posthuma model), five concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 80 mg/ml in distilled water) of extracts and albendazole as standard were used which involved the vermifuge and vermicidal activity on the worms. For the evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial activity, disc diffusion method, and to determine the total phenolic content, Folin-Ceocalteu method (gallic acid as standard) were used. Results: The phytoconstituent analysis revealed presence of alkaloids, carbohydrate, glycoside, flavonoid, saponin, gum, diterpenes, phenol, protein, and tannin. The crude extract exhibited significant anthelmintic property comparing with the standard. The methanolic extract revealed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity at the concentration of 400 µg/disc. The results were compared with that of the standard ciprofloxacin. The extract exhibited moderate amount of total phenolic compound (54.67±1.18 mg/gm of gallic acid equivalent). Conclusion: Since S. violaceum have shown antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anthelmintic activities, more studies such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and other pharmacological activities should be carried out to justify its traditional use, as the plant is available and used broadly in the rural areas for folkloric remedies. Broad-spectrum,Phytoconstituents,Solanum violaceum,Total phenolic content,Vermicidal activityhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1056.htmlhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1056_5caefa7fdc03df611d15b2bfb755280e.pdfMashhad University of Medical SciencesAvicenna Journal of Phytomedicine2228-79302228-79493420130901Effects of combinations of curcumin, linalool, rutin, safranal, and thymoquinone on glucose/serum deprivation-induced cell death321328ENBagherAlinejad1- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. IranAhmadGhorbani3- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iranghorbania@mums.ac.irHamid RezaSadeghnia4- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran10.22038/ajp.2013.418Objective: Several phytochemical agents have been known to exhibit a neuroprotective effect. Among them, curcumin, linalool, rutin, safranal, and thymoquinonewere widely investigated and neuroprotective activity of each of them was shown by several studies. This work was planned to investigate whether different combinations of them could induce better neuroprotective effect against glucose/serum deprivation (GSD)-induced cytotoxicity. Materials and Methods: PC12 cells were cultivated for 8 h in GSD condition in both the absence and presence of curcumin, linalool, rutin, safranal, thymoquinone, or combinations of them. At the end of the experiment, the cell viability was determined using MTT assay. Results: The cells cultured in GSD condition showed a significant decrease in viability (28±1%) as compared with those cultured in standard condition (100±2%). In the presence of curcumin (10 µg/ml), linalool (16 µg/ml), rutin (200 µg/ml), safranal (50 µg/ml), and thymoquinone (1 µg/ml), the cell viability increased to 69±3.4% (pCurcumin,Linalool,PC12,Rutin,Safranal,Thymoquinonehttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_418.htmlhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_418_38451fc8b25111595fefc97bc54563fe.pdfMashhad University of Medical SciencesAvicenna Journal of Phytomedicine2228-79302228-79493420130901The effects of gallic acid on pain and memory following transient global ischemia/reperfusion in Wistar rats329340ENYaghoobFarboodPhysiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, I. R. IranAlirezaSarkakiPhysiology Research Center, Medicinal Plants Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, I. R. Iransarkaki_a@yahoo.comSheidaHashemiPhysiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, I. R. IranMohammad TaghiMansouriPhysiology Research Center and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, I. R. IranMahinDianatPhysiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, I. R. Iran10.22038/ajp.2013.671Objective: It is generally agreed that most of the phenomena observed during brain ischemia and reperfusion can be explained by the damage to membrane structure. Oxidative stress is resulted in an imbalance between high consumption of oxygen and low levels of endogenous antioxidants. It is known that gallic acid (GA) is a strong antioxidant. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of GA on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain injury in rats. Materials and Methods: Wistar adult male rats weighing 200–250 g were divided into six groups as sham operated (Sh), ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) received normal saline (I+Veh), I/R groups treated with gallic acid (I+GA, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg, orally, respectively), or with 100 mg /kg phenytoin (I+Phen). The global cerebral I/R injury was induced by occluding bilateral common carotid arteries (BCCA) for 20 min, followed by 5 days reperfusion in adult male rats. Results: It was found that administration of 100 mg/kg GA for 5 days before and 5 days after I/R induction reversed gait performance, sensorimotor disorders (pCerebral ischemia/reperfusion,Gallic acid,Memory,Pain,Ratshttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_671.htmlhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_671_9fa09bd7da70ad9e6ac97b6f76d9a515.pdfMashhad University of Medical SciencesAvicenna Journal of Phytomedicine2228-79302228-79493420130901Maternal feeding with walnuts (Juglans regia) improves learning and memory in their adult pups341346ENMajidAsadi-ShekaariNeuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, I. R. IranMajidasadi@kmu.ac.irAbuzarKarimiDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Branch of Arsanjan, Arsanjan, I. R. Iranabouzar_karimi@yahoo.comMohammadShabaniNeuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, I. R. Iranshabanimoh@yahoo.comVahidSheibaniNeuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, I. R. Iranvsheibani2@yahoo.comKhadijeEsmaeilpourNeuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, I. R. Iranbahar_es63@yahoo.com10.22038/ajp.2013.575Objective: Walnut (Juglans Regia) is a domestic fruit of Iran. Walnut kernel (WK) has many beneficial constituents such as unsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and vitamin E. Scientific studies have shown that fatty acids and vitamin E can modulate learning and memory processes. The aim of the present work was to study effects of walnut consumption by mothers during pregnancy and lactation on learning and memory in adult rat offsprings. Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into three groups: control (fed with ordinary food, 20 g daily), gestation (fed with WK, 6% of food intake during pregnancy), and gestation and lactation (fed with WK, 6% of food intake during gestation and lactation). Morris water maze test was performed for their adult offsprings. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in learning and memory of rat offsprings between experimental and control groups. Conclusion: These data may indicate that feeding mothers with WK results in improvement in learning and memory of their offsprings.Learning,Memory,Morris Water Maze,Rat,walnuthttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_575.htmlhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_575_d6ee588ad37a7e3eac2c6893a876c68a.pdfMashhad University of Medical SciencesAvicenna Journal of Phytomedicine2228-79302228-79493420130901Sesame effects on testicular damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats347355ENFereshtehKhaneshiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. IranOzraNasrolahiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Irannasrolahio@yahoo.comShahriarAziziDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University, Mashhad, I. R. IranVahidNejatiDepartment of Comparative Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iranv_nejati@yahoo.com10.22038/ajp.2013.768Objective(s): Reproductive dysfunction is a consequence of diabetes. Diabetes is associated with changes in testicular tissue. Sesame oil contains large amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids and lignin with antioxidant activity, vitamin E, and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA). The present study investigated the effects of sesame on testis histology and male reproductive parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty mature male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, i.e., control (C), diabetic-control (DC), and sesame-treated diabetic rats (SD). Diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg; i.p). The animals were treated by a single intraperitoneal sesame extract injection (100 mg/kg b.w.) once daily for 6 weeks. Results: The biochemical analysis revealed that the diabetes resulted in significant (pDiabetes,Sesame,Spermatogenesis,Testishttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_768.htmlhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_768_1d5893f1cebe77f0d548d04cf153810c.pdfMashhad University of Medical SciencesAvicenna Journal of Phytomedicine2228-79302228-79493420130901Hydroalcoholic extract of Crocus sativus effects on bronchial inflammatory cells in ovalbumin sensitized rats356363ENMaryamMahmoudabadyApplied Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iranmahmoudabadym@mums.ac.irAliNeamatiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, I. R. Irananeamati@mshdiau.ac.irSomayyehVosooghiDepartment of Biology, Payame Noor University, Boshruyeh, South Khorasan, I. R. Irans_vosooghi23@yahoo.comHeydarAghababaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, I. R. Iranheydar-aghababa@iaua.ac.ir10.22038/ajp.2013.767Objective: Inflammation is one of the major components of asthma. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of C. sativus extract on total and differential white blood cells (WBC) count in lung lavage fluid (LLF) of ovalbumin-sensitized rats. Materials and Methods: Forty rats were divided into five groups (n = 8 for each group) as control (C), sensitized with injection and inhalation of ovalbumin (OA) alone (S), and three groups of sensitized and treated with different doses of C. sativus extract (S+50EX, S+100EX, and S+200EX groups). Total and differential WBC counts of LLF were evaluated in control, sensitized, and treated sensitized groups. Results: Total WBC count, neutrophil, and eosinophil percentage in LLF were increased in sensitized animals compared with the control group (pAsthma,Crocus sativus,Inﬂammation,Ovalbumin,Rat,Sensitization,WBChttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_767.htmlhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_767_80cf53b23268c235c18e245dc86dbe9e.pdfMashhad University of Medical SciencesAvicenna Journal of Phytomedicine2228-79302228-79493420130901The effect of natural adjuvants (G2, G2F) on lung inflammation of sensitized guinea pigs364370ENAliNeamatiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, I. R. Irananeamati@mshdiau.ac.irMohammad HosseinBoskabadyApplied Physiology Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iranboskabadymh@mums.ac.irSalehMohaghegh HazratiSchool of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Researches on Industrial Biotechnology, Tehran, I. R. IranMohammad RezaKhakzadIslamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, and Zakaria Reserch Center, Mashhad, I. R. IranShakeeb HassanMoosaviFaculty of Medicine, NHLI, Imperial College, London, UK10.22038/ajp.2013.812Objective: The effects of natural adjuvants were examined on total and differential WBC counts in lung lavage of sensitized guinea pigs. Materials and Methods: In three sensitized groups of guinea pigs including: untreated sensitized animals (S), sensitized animals treated with adjuvant G2 (S+G2) and G2F (S+G2F) as well as non-sensitized group (C) (n=6 for each group), total and differential WBC counts of lung lavage were examined. Sensitization of animals was achieved by injection and inhalation of ovalbumin (OA). Results: The results showed increased total WBC, eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophil counts, and decreased lymphocytes in lung lavage of sensitized animals compared with the control group (pConclusion: These results indicate important preventive effects of two natural adjuvants, especially G2, on lung inflammation of sensitized guinea pigs. Asthma,Natural adjuvant,Sensitized animals,WBChttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_812.htmlhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_812_71fd7aa3c09f0aa3c5fe8af25100372b.pdfMashhad University of Medical SciencesAvicenna Journal of Phytomedicine2228-79302228-79493420130901Effect of Phaleria macrocarpa on sexual function of rats371377ENSaadatParhizkarMedicinal Plants Research Centre, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences (YUMS), Yasuj, Iranparhizkarsa@gmail.comChe Zairieha BintiChe ZainudinBiomedical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, MalaysiaMohammadAziz DollahBiomedical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysiamohdaziz@medic.edu.my10.22038/ajp.2013.871Objectives: The purpose of current study was to determine the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa (P. macrocarpa)fruits aqueous extract on reproductive performance of adult male rats by assessing the serum testosterone level and evaluating their libido behavior. Methods and Materials: Eighteen male adult Spraque Dawley rats were divided into three groups and designated as treatment (240 mg/kg P. macrocarpaaqueous extract), negative control (distilled water), and positive control (4 mg/kg testosterone) which were supplemented through intragastric gavage for seven weeks. On the seventh week of supplementation, each of the male rats was introduced to five female rats at five different days to allow mating and observed the libido behavior. The mounting latency and mounting frequency were recorded for each mating. Results: P. macrocarpa aqueous extract significantly increased (pAndropause,Llibido,Phaleria macrocarpa,Testosteronehttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_871.htmlhttp://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_871_10883c4ab632d3b7a9a726645311095d.pdf