Population Of India

Transcripts - Population Of India

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PRESENTATION ON POPULATION OF INDIA PREPARED BY ANUJ JAIN

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WELCOME

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The Demographics of India are overall remarkably diverse. India's population of approximately 1.13 billion people (estimate for March 10, 2008) comprises approximately one-sixth of the world's population. India has more than two thousand ethnic groups, Further complexity is lent by the great variation that occurs across this population on social parameters such as income and education. Only the continent of Africa exceeds the linguistic, genetic and cultural diversity of the nation of India. INTRODUCTION

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Although India occupies only 2.4% of the world's land area, it supports over 15% of the world's population. Only China has a larger population. Almost 40% of Indians are younger than 15 years of age. About 70% of the people live in more than 550,000 villages, and the remainder in more than 200 towns and cities. Over thousands of years of its history, India has been invaded from the Iranian plateau, Central Asia, Arabia, Afghanistan, and the West; Indian people and culture have absorbed and changed these influences to produce a remarkable racial and cultural synthesis. Religion, caste, and language are major determinants of social and political organization in India today. The government has recognized 18 languages as official; Hindi is the most widely spoken. Although 83% of the people are Hindu, India also is the home of more than 120 million Muslims--one of the world's largest Muslim populations. The population also includes Christians, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, and Parsis. INTRODUCTION

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India stands 2 nd in world population next to China, this Means, for Every 6 th Man Born in World one is Indian. Quantitatively India has 16.67% share in world Population the Below Chart shows the Population share among various Countries INTRODUCTION

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The above figures are very alarming given the size of the country And its population. It is to be noted that India has grown 5times it‘s size in one Century (1901 – 2001), Every year no. of birth in India Are equal to the population of Australia or Sri Lanka. Below table Summaries the Population of India in every Decade Supported by Map on Next Slide. INTRODUCTION 286,119,689 742,490,639 1,028,737,436 2001* 217,611,012 628,691,676 846,302,688 1991 159,462,547 523,866,550 683,329,097 1981 109,113,977 439,045,675 548,159,652 1971 78,936,603 360,298,168 439,234,771 1961 62,443,709 298,644,381 361,088,090 1951 44,153,297 274,507,283 318,660,580 1941 33,455,989 245,521,249 278,977,238 1931 28,086,170 223,235,043 251,321,213 1921 25,941,633 226,151,757 252,093,390 1911 25,851,873 212,544,454 238,396,327 1901 Urban Rural Total Year

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INTRODUCTION

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One of the important indices of population concentration is the density of population. It is defined as the number of persons per square kilometer. The population density of India in 2001 was 324 persons per square kilometre, which means that now 57 more people live in a square kilometer area in the country than the number that lived a decade ago. The population density of India from 1901 to 2001 is shown in Statement 14. At the beginning of the twentieth century i.e. in 1901 the density of India was as low as 77 and this steadily increased from one decade to another to reach 324 in 2001. The persons living in per sq. km. has increased by 21.3 per cent in 2001 as compared to 1991. High increase in the density of population is a matter of great concern as it puts immense pressure on our natural resources. Also it may adversely affect the quality of life. Due to difference in climatic conditions, availability of resources etc., the states and Union territories of our country largely varied in terms of density. It is, therefore, essential to analyse the variations across the States and Union territories. POPULATION DENSITY

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80.5% of the Indians are Hindus, with 13.4% of the population Muslim, making India home to the third-largest Muslim population in the world after Indonesia and Pakistan. India also contains the majority of the world's Zoroastrians, Sikhs, Jains and Bahá'í. Other religious groups include Christians (2.3%), Buddhists (0.8%), Jains (0.4%), and Jews. Religious majorities vary greatly by state. Jammu and Kashmir is the sole majority Muslim state; Nagaland is majority Christian; Punjab is mostly Sikh; Manipur is of Sanamahism. RELIGIOUS DEMOGRAPHY

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40% of the Hindus speak Hindi while the rest speak Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Gujarati,Kannada and other languages. Almost 70% of the Muslims speak Urdu while the rest speak Kashmiri, Bengali, Malayalam, Tamil, Gujarati and other languages. About one-third of the Christians speak Malayalam, one-sixth speak Tamil while the rest speak a variety of languages. The Constitution has recognized Hindi, in the Devanagiri script, as India's official language. However English continues to be the working language. For many educated Indians, English is virtually their first language, and for a great number of Indians who are multi-lingual, it will probably be the second. RELIGIOUS - LINGUIST DEMOGRAPHY

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India now has the dubious distinction of being known as the country that likes to ensure that girls are never born. We are facing a national emergency, an `epidemic' that will have far-reaching social consequences, says KALPANA SHARMA. the 1980s, it was a suspicion. In the 1990s, it was a near certainty. In 2001, it became indisputable fact. India may be known for many things but it now has the distinction of being known as the nation that likes to ensure that girls are never born. The 2001 census figures of the 0-6 years sex ratio are a stark illustration of this reality. We are facing a national emergency, an epidemic that will have far-reaching social consequences. The adult sex ratio in India has been declining for several decades. That itself was reason for concern. But the sharp decline in the child sex ratio in the last decade from 945 to 927 is a devastating indictment of our society. Sex-detection and sex-selective abortions are today spreading like an infectious disease, from the rich to the poor, from the upper castes to the Scheduled Castes (SC) and even to the Scheduled Tribes (ST). No one wants girls anymore. Eliminate them now instead of dealing with the problems of raising a girl, goes the thinking behind the deadly actions. SEX RATIO

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India is primarily an agrarian society, where majority of population Lives on Agriculture and linked occupations in rural areas. Normally An urban area is one in which 75% of population lives by non agricultural Occupations. Currently according to the recent Census 2001 around 27.8% Of the population lives in Urban areas while the major chunk is still in Rural areas. Comparing the present status with the developed we find that We have to improve a lot in bettering this Ratio. RURAL – URBAN DEMOGRAPHY

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The most recent census of India was performed in 2001 for enumeration as of March 1 of that year. It was the 14th census in an unbroken series, and the 6th after independence in 1947 (with the exception that census could not be held for Assam in the 1981 and Jammu & Kashmir in 1991). Eight censuses were performed under the British Raj, the first one was carried out throughout the 1860s and completed in 1872(The first incomplete census). After this, there has been one census every decade starting in 1881(First complete census). The total population calculated for 1 March 2001 was 1,027,015,247, making the 2001 census the first to count more than a billion Indians. The population had risen by 21.34% compared to the 1991 total. The female population had increased by 0.3 percentage points to 48.4% POPULATION CENCUS