Markets tumble after Greece sets referendum

View full sizePetros Giannakouris / AP PhotoA woman passes a screen showing a graph of falling stocks at the Athens Stock Exchange, in Athens, on today.

LONDON (AP) -- Markets plunged today on fears that Europe's plan to save the euro was already unraveling after the shock decision by Greece's leader to call a referendum on the country's latest rescue.

Should the Greek government lose the referendum vote - and opinion polls say it's going to have real trouble getting enough support - then the implications for Greece and Europe are massive. The vote could end up deciding whether Greece remains in the 17-nation euro currency union.

Markets, it seems, are taking the view that Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou won't be able to pull off a come-from-behind victory.

"Talk about your all-time bonehead moves," said Benjamin Reitzes, an analyst at BMO Capital Markets. "It would reintroduce the risk that Greece could face a disorderly default and potentially be forced to leave the euro."

Papandreou stunned investors, as well as his own citizens and his partners in the eurozone, by announcing late Monday that a plebiscite will be held in what he called "a supreme act of democracy and of patriotism for the people to make their own decision." A confidence vote in the Socialist government will also take place at the end of this week.

The announcement came as the shine from last week's European deal appeared to be wearing off.

On Monday, sentiment was already turning sour after U.S. brokerage firm MF Global filed for bankruptcy amid reports that it had bought too much bad European debt and fears over the public finances of Italy, the eurozone's third-largest economy. Italy's debts dwarf the euro1 trillion ($1.4 trillion) that Europe's bailout fund will have at its disposal if last week's commitments are delivered.

"The 6-8 percent falls over two days have now effectively given back all the gains from the post Brussels meeting rally," said Louise Cooper, markets analyst at BGC Partners.

The plan presented last week by eurozone leaders was intended to be Europe's comprehensive solution to a debt crisis that's already seen three countries, including Greece, bailed out.

The three-pronged strategy of boosting the bailout fund, getting private creditors to take a bigger hit on their Greek debt holdings and forcing the banks to raise more capital was largely viewed favorably by the markets, although details need to be ironed out.

In Europe, the FTSE 100 index of leading British shares fell 2.9 percent to 5,385 while Germany's DAX slid 4.9 percent to 5,841. The CAC-40 in France was 4 percent lower at 3,114.

Greek shares fared much worse, with the main exchange in Athens down 6 percent.

The euro was 1.1 percent lower at $1.3700 and the yield on Italy's ten-year yield ratcheted up 0.20 of a percentage point to 6.19 percent.

Wall Street was poised for a second day of big falls - Dow futures were down 1.3 percent at 11,738 while the broader Standard & Poor's 500 futures fell 2 percent to 1,225.

As well as the events in Europe, investors have a raft of economic news to digest this week, culminating in Friday's monthly U.S. jobs report.

The Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank also meet to decide on their monetary policies this week. The new ECB chief, Mario Draghi, will hold his first meeting and press conference Thursday. Investors will be looking for signs that the ECB is considering cutting interest rates and that it will continue its program of buying the bonds of troubled eurozone nations, especially Italy and Spain.