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Transitional Cell Cancer Types, Treatment, And Diagnosis

is a form of cancer occurring in the urinary system and is the most common type of bladder and kidney cancer. It has been found to be the most common type of bladder cancer and urethra. which is the most common type of kidney cancer and transitional cell cancer happens to be the second most common.

The types of transitional cell cancer depend on the region affected like the bladder, kidney, urethra, etc. It has been classified by the World Health Organization in to four grades, namely papilloma, G1, G2 or G3. This grading was originally introduced in 1973 and was modified in 2004. Today WHO has specified three grades for classification of this form of cancer which are :

Papillary neoplasm of low malignant potential

Low grade papillary carcinoma.

High grade papillary carcinoma.

Treatmentoftransitional cell cancer has proven to be very difficult and even when detected in early, localized stages. In early stages treatment involves surgical removal of the tumor but in many cases it has been found that the cancer reoccurs even after surgery. Some patients are administered chemotherapeutic drugs into the bladder either as a onetime dosage immediately after surgery or in a controlled number of doses after a fixed duration post surgery. These drugs further hinder or inhibit in the patient. Localized or early stage transitional cell cancer can also be treated with infusions of BCG, a live attenuated for of bacteria, into the bladder that triggers a host of immune responses. The BCG is administered in the form of induction course or booster course depending of the previous treatment regimen. There some side effects associated with treatment involving BCG and in some cases it has been found to either cause tuberculosis or reduction in bladder volume due to scarring.

Patients with signs and symptoms of transitional cell cancer are referred to urologist or physicians trained and experienced in treating this form of cancer. Diagnosis of transitional cell cancer involves examination of inner tissue lining of the affected organ extracted through biopsy or through cyctoscopy which involves inspection of bladder using a camera mounted on a flexible tube. This method causes the least pain and results in a clearer picture of the infection and level of spread.

Summary: Transitional cell cancer is the one of the most common forms of bladder and kidney cancer. If detected in early stages when the cancer cells are localized, it can be treated by removal of tumor followed by chemotherapeutic drug administration to ensure that the cancer cells do not regenerate after the surgery.

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