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'1IWEEKLY EDITION. WINNSBORQ, S. C., SEPTEMBER 23, 1879. YOL 11.-NO. 101.
NIGHT ON THE FARM.
'Tie dewfall on the lonely farm,
The hlooks are gathered in the fold,
The dusky air is soft as balm,
The daisies hide their hearts of gold.
Slow, drowsy, swinging bolls are hoard
In pastures dewy, dark and dim,
And in the door-yard trees a bird
Thrills sleepily his evening hymn.
The dlark blue deeps are full of stars
One lone lamp on the hillside glooms,
A mile away, is rod as Mars ;
The night is sweet with faint perfumes.
.kt bedtime in the quiet house,
Up through the w[de. old rooms I go,
Without a lamp; and not a mouse
Is stirring. Loudly, to and fro
The old clock tioks, and easterly
The ancient windows open high ;
Here the sun's kiss will waken me,
With bird songs wolling up the sky.
Nellie's Leap - Year Proposal
"Really, Catharme, I do not wonder at
Mary's surprise at your behavior. You
forget that you are Frank's widow. You
are too forward."
I hesitated a moment, really anxious to
keep my temper ; for I was Frank's wid':w,
and the speaker was his mother.
"Forward I" cried Mary. "Indeed, you
would have been shocked, last night,
mother. There was Mr. Vance urging her
to sing, and she hanging back, as if she
were a young, bashful girl ; and acting as
if Herbert Halstead was lier old friend,
when it was only as a married woman
"Yes," interrupted Julia, "I think,
mother, if you can't make Kate realize that
she is a married woman, with a daughter
nearly six years of age, you had better-"
"Send me away,' I broke in, unable
longer to control myself, "It's not the first
time that hint has been thrown out; and, if
it were not for little Nellie, poor child, I
would go away.to earn my living at once.
You drive me desperate. I declare I will
marry again, and get rid of all this-"
and then I burst into tears.
"Marry again I How will you do it ?
Oh, yes I A good joke I" cried Julia, with
a shrug at my tears. "Don't you see, Mary,
it's leap year I" and she laughed, dorisively.
"Who'll you ask ?"-sneered Mary. "h1er
bert Halstead ? Julia, -you'd better look
out 1"
"You may sneer," I cried, checking my
tears: I was now thoroughly angry. "But
I tell you, if no one would ask me to marry
him, I believe I should ask Mr. Halstead,
and-he'd have me I"
I had fairly taken up their own weapons
of personalities, which I scorned. The
moment after, ashamed of myself, I ran to
my room, to put on my bonnet and get out
of the house. I looked in the glass, as I
put the crape bonnet, with its widow's cap
and heavy veil, on my head. I saw a face
to which black was certainly becoming,
though it was not a remarkably pretty face.
It looked not more than twenty-ive, some
said not more than twenty : but I was,
really, a little over twenty-four. Married
at eighteen to Frank Stevens, I had been a
petted wife for four years, and now a
widow for two. The thought of the happi
ness of the four, and the loneliness of the
two, as I looked at the face surrounded by
crape, made the tears come again ; but I
brushed them away, resolutely, and went
out, knowing that a brisk walk would do
me more good than anything else. I wen
out without my darling, my insepa-abld
companion, my little baby girl, Nellie.
This alone showed how troubled I was.
Truth to tell, I was too angry to trust my
self with the little one, who might have
asked to have our conversation explained,
for she had been in time room at the time.
I could only hope that, at five years old, a
child did not understand me.
Seen after I left, my mother-in-law and
. her daughters went out for a drive. They
invited Nellie to go ; but she, feeling, per
haps, that they had not treated mammna
wecll, refused. Soon the front door bell
rang, and, lhke all children, Nellie must
needs run to see who was there. She man
aged to open the door herself, and there
stood her prime favorite among the gentle
men that visited the house, Mr. Halstead,
or, as she had called him, since her baby
hmaod, Uncle Herbert. lie had been her
father's chum and dearest friend, and loved
the child for Frank's sake.
"Ladies home, Nell I"
"I'm home," she said, "and I dess main
ma '11 be in soon."
"Very well. Lot's go in thme parlor, and
have a chat."
Nellie sat in hisi lap, discussing thme mer
its of cocoanut cakes and sugar almonds a
little while ; but suddenly, dropping her
candies in her lap, she asked, "What's leap
-leap-I fordot. Do you know what's
it 9"
"Leap?9 Leap frog ? Leap year ? Is that
the word 1"
"Yes. What is.it?"
"Why, its a year when you ladies can
ask the gentlemen to marr'y you. But you
see, Nellie, you're tooyoung-or, wouldn't
you ask me ?"
"Oh, no Ii Wouldh 't ask you. IMam
ma's going to ask g$dft.
The young man niearly dropped l child,
and then folded Ier olode to:him, lee(pr
ihaps) he should fogt~~ ~am.', hat
do you mean,dvlug lofed,&"Nowv
thinkc, Nellie .Il dm' cbLe prbert
anything'ake up."
"Oh, no I Really, trdt~r bless me, sure's
*alive-Isn't that whiat you say when you'se
tr'ue i Wel" '-theolittle tot gave a long
sigh, and:paused, Herbert hot daring to In
terrupt her, lest she should see his aniety,
aud, ininiature woman that she was,
shonild refuse to satisfy hin.
"Well l" she repeauted, "you see, they
doene scold my mamma so they does. T
day gilmrj ed'mk0 ynssmancry, and
td.mrro1 ' 1g"(she would call yes'
tcmd-uto-muortw,' le scolded, her
ad,c~ueiJ0 } o4odJ ,ladd then
tUY hUIO Was Td4~ a ford
nnde 1a breat4 ha bdieigsomn
yot9 4 al1~ is lear
.Weab ~ 4UuV~IL .~~idJ1
kittens. Then he tried to coax Nellie back
to the subject.
"Oh, I fordet I" she said. "Only they
made lmnna cry." Si
"What did they say, darling? I'll give tL
you a big doll--" hi
"With real hair ?" ti
"Yes, yes I Real hair and eyes, and--- rc
oh, anything. But did they say 1 wanted III
to marry-" Cr
"They said mamma wasn't a girl, and ar
she was old ; and mamma said-oh, there's st
mamma. Mamma, didn't you ask Uncle iI
Herbert to marry you? He wants to A
know." to
I had come in, looking for the child, and s:
that was the speech I heard. I felt ready 'r
to sink with mortification.
"Kate, darling ; can't I hope you'll let w
me ask I You must know that I hoped,
when these" (touching my veil and black
dress), "were put aside, that I could ask
you to let me care for you. And from what
I hear, I think Frank, even, would wish
me to care for you, and at once. Come, at
darling," as I hid my face in my hands.
"You've asked me to marry you; and I
must name the day ; and I say now, at tl1
once. Let's give them a good thorough JiU
surprise. I can guess how they've treated SL
you. Come, now, get ready this fairy, ht
this blessed little darling that has brought
me my happiness, and we'll go to your
own minister." a
I tried to refuse, but I was so weary of a
living with my mother-in-law, that at last
we three shpped out of the house ; and dear "
Dr. 8-, who had baptized me, married
me to Frank, and knew Herbert well, mar- it
ried us. Y
We drove back, and reached the front
door, as the family wore returning. Julia,
who would appropriate Herbert, stepped
forward.
"Good evening. Mr. Halstead. So youI
met Kate on the steps ? Strange I" with a
glance at me, as if I had planned to meet
him.
"Not at all, Miss Julin," said Herbert.
"My wife and I just called in to receive
your congratulations, and to leave little
midget here for a few days."
No tableau I have ever seen was half so
comical as the one those three made. 1 ti
really felt for Julia ; for I knew she cared ih
for Herbert. She gained her self-posses
sion quickly, however, and congratulated
me, whispering, as the kissed me, "So you
asked him ?" in
My husband heard, and answered.
"No, Miss Julia, she did not ask me. m
Through other means, thank God, I
learned the one I loved was unhappy ; and,
as I had hoped, for more than a year past,
to soon ask her to be my wife, I persuaded
her to marry me at once. Leap year priv
ileges are still open for those who choose to
use thom."
We are quite an old.married couple now;
for three years have passed, but Herbert
and I still often laugh over Nellie's leap- fe
year proposal. at
The liottest Place on Earth.
_ lnC
I have been to Ceylon, Calcutta, up the
Nile to Cairo, and to the Sandwiches and m
Brazil. At Ceylon, one summer, the tar- er
red ropes hung like %t strings, and the
ship sizzed like hot iron as she went through g
the water. It's singular what a difference ! I
therc is in. the offoct of heat in different e(
climates. We were off Calcutta in Mid- ru
* ugnmer, and the planks of the Gidfly were
warped like barrel staves, and she took wa
te li4e asponge. Wo throw overboard a
valuable cargo of cotton and Sheflleld hard- it)
ware, and towed her into port where we
had her sheathed with Indian copper. We
weiit, back to Liverpool and then sailed for
Rio. Just across the line we struck a calm
'Vd laid by for eight of the hottest days I iu
ever experienced. The heat was terrifIe.
'rhe'rpjes,kot so soft we could not fasten
them, and they ran downVi to this decks and
laid around like snakes." The copper grad
ually melted from the sides and it raised a
cloud of steam around the ship as it drop
ped into the sea. The ship spruiig a leak,
and meni worked at the pumps bare naked,
andl you could alnost see the flesh disap
pear from their bones. Finally we got ay
light 'Norther' and went into Rio with a lot t
of skeletons. -I have been where it is hot 51
mnesemates, or gentlemen-awful ht-but
the alfiredest hottest weather I ever hauled W
to in was St. Louis. I took a conttact
there last Summner to pick up -sun-struck .Y
p)eople off the streets. I went bankrupt in
three (lays. . Why, they laid around thicker ~
than dleadi (lgs in Chicago durir.g the pois
oning seasoii. I have seen flagstones bend dc
dtouble, and whole blocks of pavement f
twisted out of shape. Trhe fire-lugs were 1m
red hot, andl thme water in 'em boiling. The
siui wasn't more than a rod away, and look
ed as red as a f'urnace mouth. TIhe air was mn
all in a shinmmer, and the heat caine down
with such force that you could not raise ho
your hand. It was just as bad at night.
Not a breath of air, and tihe heat crowded bo
into the buildings and was packed into the
streets. You couldn't get a breath. One
night I went dowvn on the levee and found
a gang of niggors with snow shovels throw
lng the heat into the river in great chunks. w
I dropped off and swam across, andi camne m
to Chicago. I have voyaged to a good er
many places-never downm below with Old W
Nick-but I don't believe thme place can be 1i
a hotter place than St. Louis. .hi
An Inter-Ocean Oanal Invention. - at
pl
The Moline, Ill., Diapatoh prints an at
.accouut of a new invention b)yAdolphi Tool- sa:
nor of that place, having for its object, ths fik
transportation of ships across thme COentral cc
Aniericani Isthmus. It contenmplates the ni
coristruction of what may be termed a dry flu
'catial, in' fdrm of a letter V, but having a fo
narrow, flat bass, Vhlehr with the sides, Is fr
constructed of masonry and lined with steel fti
with ,laer of rubber between, This ca- 'w
nal le owidth sufficient to receive the larg- dl
eat less, ,a'e at eachi end of the rotite di
a16pt6444 ly into the sea. in'this canal or sI!
b,hanelCis wesdt he ella a movable dry.- tbm
docky contructMd of steel, built In sections er
conmrming. p shape of the channiel, and tm
qu tp 0 th a~ and sides uppna muii- yv
titutte of a similpr In pitlneipal tm
'tos the %)kafWfi~)o.O tliese rollers the tm
#lan dlafor i8,000.0 The6 movable pm
doeleidto bO su*kundef? tho water ; .the el
yesse , ,e tgpeppd td it w
~ra y 0 hre
r. enge at I
Not Much of a Talker.
r
Here is one of Anha Dickinson's stories : t:
)ceding over the Michigan Central one of lb
e beings who nust express himself or die, j
ving watched me fume over my window y
1 I had at last conquered the catch and t
ceived a mouthful of fresh air, abandoned D
s seat on the opposite side of the car, o
ossed and planted himself in front of me p
Ld the partly opened sash. Presently he -f,
rred, shrugged his shoulders, turned up g
a coat collar, and remarked, "It's chilly." c
9 the announcement was apparently made t
creation generally, I felt no call to re- e
ond. Dissatisfied at the silence lie faced hi
>und and inquired : s
"Would you like to have me shut the i
indow ?" t
''No," said I. "I wouldn't." t
For a space silence. a
"Did you want that window open ?" 6
"I did," responded I, "and I do." a
"Tain't so warm over here as it is by the 1<
>ve."I r
A. pause. I:
"I said 'twasn't so warm here as over to c
e stove whero I was a-setting. You'd e
at better let me shove that down, ",-per- y
asively, and stretching out a brawny a
nd. F
"No." c
"But I tell you the cold comes in lively," n1
rveying the crack, half filled by the mag. y
inc stuffed into it, leaving open a mere v
ruse-hole. "I'm not as comfortable as I ii
is over by the stove." c
"Why don't you go back then ?" I char- t:
ibly suggested. "It wasn't necessary for a
mn to come here, to begin with." h
Another charge. A fresh charge. a
''I say, ain't you cold?"
"No.
"You haven't got anything the matter i
th your lungs? ' *
"No."
"Throat all right ?" d
"Yes." a
A cessation of hostilities. Truce soon a
oken.
"I say, hadn't you better let me put t
wn that window ?" d
"No." . I
A breathing space, a vigorous hitch to 5
e coat-collar, a longer look toward the li
ry dragon of iron and coal. h1
'"And you ain't afraid?" t
"No!" m
"ll-h-hm---you call yourself strong- r
inded, now don't you?" c
"I would be sorry to call myself weak- e
inded." .
"Speak. Don't you?"
"Yes."a
"Make lectures ?" d
"Yes." a
"Get paid pretty well ?" t
"Yes." 1
"Ever talk any ?" V
'Yes," h
"You don't say ? D'ye mind telling a v
low whether you speak more'n one word t
a time?" 0' I
"That depends upon circumstances," ju- i
ially pronounced. "At present I prefer r
t to talk at all." V
At which he stared, pondered, looked at v
3, at the air-hole, rubbed his side-whisk- tl
3, pondered again for enlightment-got it. tl
"Meaing me ? Oh, you needn't apolo- a
ae. I can take a hint as well as another u
low. I never put in where I ain't want- b
, not If I know it. No. . . . Where in
ight you hang out your shingle ?- c,
"I said where might your home be ?" ti
"Philadelphia." 0
"Philadelphia. You don't see much of c
I reckon ?" q
"No." h
"Old folks living ?" k
Silence.
"I said I hoped your pa was lively yet,"
minuatingly.
"No."b
"You don't mean to say lie's dead?" t
A nod-In despair. I
"Sho I Well I It's natural. Peoplea
> die. Ma to home ?"
"Yes."u
"Ever travel round wvith you ?" a
"No."
"N'ever? And she ain't afraidi to have ~
u travel round alone ? No?i I reckon I
en, you're a chip of the old block. GJot n,
op to her, has she ?"
I am too busy about the much discussed d
andow to mak. reply.
"f asked whether your ma was like
)ms llas she got go to her ?"
I am not yet done with the window and t
y dumbness. .
"Well, we'll let the old lady drop. You a
n't like my talking about her, I reckon-.V
m the color of your face. Got a temper d
ven't you ?"
"Yes."
"I thought so. Got it from your pa org
"Got It from being compelled to see and
or such people as you." I defined,.
More rumiination, side-whisker again rub- t
d, situation faced boldly silence.
Work for Nimble Finger.
In many old country houses there "are s
de seats to bedroom windows. These i
iy be utilized by being covered with n
shions either of crash, bege or serge,
Lleh may be worked over with flour doe
or some Greek designs. Generally there i
,ngs from those cushions in front a i,
,lance,which can be converted into a shoe
.g, a box plait of the material being placed |
regular intervals on the valance, each h
alt large enough to hold a pair of shoes,
d each displaying eitherthe Greek honey- t|
ckle, a monogram, or a conventional a
iwer. It is certainly a pretty and useful b
ntrrvance. Paper flowers are made so t
turally that they are adapted now to the a
wer boxes,wnich in many drawing rooms
rm the bane of huge pier glasses, reaching
am the ceiling, and so expensive to keep
rnished with real blossedms throughout the
inter. Music rolls are now inade the or
nary shape, vIz., 18 inches long, 17 inches
ep, with a pocket 9 inches deep just to p
p the music in ; but the novelty is -that
e material bsed ia crash, serge or flannel, it
abroidered in outline with neutral tints, ii
0 desIgn classical figures .of men :and
pment.ycal of music, or St. Cecilia at fI
o organ; c~ardboardI rings covered with v
e same materialer In for*m like a.table
pkin ring, only largr, vIa,, 10 iigthes In 'y
roumfeorence andt2 ines in depth; the
ord"Music"i ld0nls letter. aind
e owner'd '3VQbOan1 te edges of the 'm
mg fiished o wi C
Ulaseh fguesat present RlIh$
vor with, i-t a d~w) n h i
re in velvet worked with arrasene, and the
suit is most effective. A word as to
immings for summer dresses, which nim
le fingers might wrork with great advantage
ist now. White sateen, (luck and heavy
rashing materials are to be worn; and
iese look best with embroidery worked in
loravian cotton, either all white, or black,
r red, or blue. Many of these are in
reparation. The patterns chosen are those
rmerly used for satin stitch embroidery,
reatly enlarg'd, and then worlred with the
otton in ordinary crewel stit .. This is
te style of work that was in fhioi about
ighty years ago, and on clear iuslin also
i very effective. Some are i light blue
iteen with a robing of this jclear white
iuslin worked in thick cotton up the cen
3r of the skirt, tho fulness behig gathered
it on each side, and formingi a drapery
t the side. This same omlitoidery has
een used on the creton waistcqat pockets
ud cuffs of a long basqued ja et, and it
toks uncommonly handsome. 1So does a
ed scroll on a white duck dres4,madewith
aniers and a princess train. Colored wool
uibroidery on clear white mu 1in is most
ffective, and many dresses will be trimmed
rith strips of this lined and+ piped with
ilk. A maize silk was drape4with maize
muslin, the trimmings a scrolhof poppies,
orn and leaves worked on strips of the
iaize muslin, lined with silki and piped
rith red and maize, a tuft of poppies and
,heat ears nestling in the lace cravat and
i the soft silk and muslin trimmed straw
ottage bonnet. For neckties and band
'immings, a good effect is p oduced by
3wing a fancy lace cordon flowerets,
alf an inch deep, on to musli ; it makes
n admirable border or insert i, and ap
ears to be worked in satin stit .
By the by, if you are in w 't of a new
lea for window curtains, tr working a
order of flowers in colored ewel wcols
n white, or better still, on ' u muslin;
raw the pattern on thick paper, color it,
nd lay it beneath the muslin ; work it
ightly and quickly, do not drag it, and
ou will be rewarded for your pains. For
te same purpose there are designs roughly
arned in colored wool, such as caladium
aves, bulrushes and leaves, birds, etc.
[any people bestow particular pains on the
wer portion of muslin curtains, which
ave a dado like border. For this purpose
te wool embroidery is specially to he com
iended. Some old styles have also been
wvived, such as an applique of plain or
olored muslin on net in large bold patterns
Eiged with a thick cord,which is sewn over
r overcast, and not buttonholed; the net
>Undation is visible between the pattern,
ad the heart of the flowers is produced by
arning in check patterns on the net. This
)rt of work is pretty witi the design in
rick muslin on a thin muslin foundation.
arels are so general in drawing rooms
here engravings and water colors accumu
te, that it is the fashion to cover old ones
'ith velvet, adding ornamental silk tassels
the top and to the lowest of the set of
oles which support the ledge. The cover
ag is not diffieult to manage. The velvet
.quires tacking9first, and then sewing,
here the stitches will be most invisible,
'ith fine but strong black thread. Where
te holes are, cut the circle in four, saturate
e Inside of the velvet with strong gum,
ad press the pieces well down with the
ooden pin. Squares of guipure d'art can
3 converted into white mats for the dress
ig table or elsewhere by laying them on to
rdboard covered with silk, and edging
em with cord or a ruching, fastening bows
the ribbon at the corners; another would
wver the pincushion, and small ones on
ailted satin would make a pretty bag for
anging on the bed to hold watch, hand
erchief, etc.
Engraving Going.
We remain as yet some little in doubt as
the methods employed by old artists to
nrfect these miracles of taste. We hiav.
wowver, the absolute certainty that these
ient masters were familiar with the dia
iondl, and their best work was made by
aimg this, the hardest of all substances, as
tool. A splintered fragment of the dia
oend served as a scrap)ing tool, anid they
'ore wecll acquainted with the drill. Pre
storic man worked at the very commence
ent of his existence. A Phoncean gem
-a lion attacking a bull-shows how the
rll was used. A number of circular do
resslons are found I the gems, which
ark tile extremities of thie, figures. This
as done not only for thme sake of effect,but
show the artist tihe hamit of his work as
depth. After the holes were sunk, the
~tist united the various portions .pf his
ork by scratching. Now the use of the
lamond point or splinter fixed in a style or
on socket, allowed a certain flexlbibility
handling, which our modearn processes of
mm-engraving do not permit. .To-day the
ork is done by means of a minute retain
ig disk of copperi wvhich is wetted with oil
rld diamiond dust. On the least app)lica
on of the substanico to be cut to tihe disk,
is time disk awhaich bites into the stone.
'le difference In manipulation is, then,that
i-day it is the stoneo which goes to the tool,
and not, as in olden times, time tool to the
one. It Is more convenient, then, in
979, to bring the cart to the horse, it can
mw be readily understood why, in modern
'ork, tinie and labor being spared (the art
ynception not entering for the presest Into
le subject)- why this work of to-day Is
iferior to the art which Is past. -~ 1Is
utely a miechmanical process now, for a ro
ating disk will no more draw lines which
hve- feeling than will photographing pro
moos paint pictures. It has been stated
zat we are not acquainted with the meth
is employed, by time glyptie artists. This
icomes quite evident from this fact, that
leir best work seems to have been both out
id polished at one and the same time.
o-day we have no tools, no substance,
hieh will accomplish this double feat.
Teach Your Bloys.
Teach them that "Honesty is the best
clicy. -
Teach them that to wear patched olothes
no disgrace, but to wear a "black eye,"
Teach. themi that -a true lady may be
mnd- in calico 'quite as frequently as -in
Teach then that one good, hQlieat tradle,
en tifasttie is worth a dosed beggarly
Teaol ha that, as .they ect te be
hOft 0mq. ay, thy canneitOo)00o 'iearni
a tc the weak asid helplO
T~~ th.nl that a'commonn ~hoeduca
-91Itha Wh ene, isthn
Artotypes--Iow They are Made.
The age of Invention in which we live
requires that those who wish to be inform- a
ed upon the various processes by which v
pictures are indeimtely reproduced should v
be ever on the alert, so quickly do new i
methods supersede old ones. A history of d
the photographic art from the days of Dag- t,
uorre to the present would probably Interest r
few people outside of the profession, as a
those who are not in it are satisfied with i1
results and care little for the processes by i
which the artist turns out a dozen or so of v
likenesses after he has for a few minutes
subjected the sitter to posing in front of a tl
camera. This description has to do with tl
a picture-the artotype-lu all respects J
equal, and in many respects superior to a e
photograph, with the printing of which, tl
after the preparation of tbe plate, the sun, a
which is so neeessaiy in other methods, has s,
nothing to do. 'The negative of the photo- g
graph is prepared with all the lights, as it
they appear in the model, reversed. A s1
dark drapery appoars transparent, and the g
face and light drapery opaque. From this n
negative ordinary photographs are printed, ti
but in the artotype process the print is s,
taken upon a film of gelatine on thick g
French plate glass, when by the action of
the sun the gelatine is decomposed in thos I
parts of the picture which appear light in It
the negative and disappears upon being S<
dipped in cold water. of course between it
the light and dark are the half tones blend- It
ing into the light upon the one hand and It
the dark upon the other, so that the most la
delicate tints in the model are fully pro- p
served. After being immersed in water Si
and thoroughly dried, the plate is ready to tl
use. A press similar to that used in litho- 81
graphing, but much smaller, is used for 'I
printing the artotype. The glass plate is b
placed in position, and an ink roller, sup- 1
I plied with the finest lithographiag ink, is at
passed over it. Now comies the most in
teresting fact in the entire process, and that g
upon which it depends for its success. rl
The ink will adhere only to the glass 1
which rept-esents the darker shades of the n
model, and leaves no traces upon the gela- cl
tine, which is as hard as glass itself and is ti
to reproduce the lights of the model. It fol- tl
lows that in every part of the picture where hh
the gelatine has been removed ever so h
slightly, the ink adheres, resulting in an ex- n
act copy of the subject. After the ink- Si
roller follows the tinting roller, which c
soltens the tone, a sheet of paper is laid (I
upon the plate, pressure applied, and an 81
impression made which is in all respects the ih
most faithful copy of the model which it is fl
possiblo to imagine, The plate is imme- t<
diately sponged off and dried off, and tI
then the ink is applied and another a
impression made as before. One plate will 8i
last for p:inting from 800 to 1,000 inipres- in
sions. After the hmpresion leaves the %
plate nothing should be done with it. It d
resimbles a crayon, and has all the sketchi- if
ness and etching; but to satisfy the popu- ti
lar. demand for glossiness, it is made to re- b
semble a photograph by means of varnish. I
b
Jonah'e Tomb. g
ph
Mr. Ilornuzd Rassam has returned to 81
England, having completed his second As
syrian expedition. He brings with hih a
rich collection of objects which have been
acquired during the year. The results of
last journey are of a more varied character o
than those of any expedition which has
taken place since the early expedition con
du'cted by Sir A. II. Layard. Commencing i
on the mounds of Nineveh, Mr. Rassam Ih
succeeded in exploring a site which was re
h
gaided as forbidden ground. This was the
mound of - Nebby Yumns, the supposed
tomb of the Prophet Jonah. In this mound c
lhe discovered remains of palaces erected by v
Lsdlarhadden and Sennacherib. ills labors
on the mounds of Nineveh have resulted in p
the discovery of a large number of Insrp
tions, many of extreme interest. Pssig
southward, he visited Ninrod, where lhe
continued his labors in the Teample of
Venus I This building, which lhe discov
cred In his former expedition, was now thor- h
oughly examined, and found to be a large
openi temple, containing shrines of severala
deities. There wvere also found a number
of seats arranged In parallel rows, formingt
a centre aisle from the chIef altar. The c
plan now recovered seems to favor the Idea a
of its having been a foram where relIgious
and other councils wvere held. Th'le explor
ations in Syria have dIscovered many monu
menits. Mr. Rassamn extended his opera- a
tions into fields untouched since the time ofs
Sir A. HI. Layard's exp)eitionm, and lie was
able to carry out a series of exlorations on C
the moumnds of ancient Babylon. Here his
discoveries have been most brilliant. In a
mound hitherto untouched lhe discovered a
palace of Nebuchadmezzar's, with rich en-r
namolled columns, beams of italian wood,
and every indication of having been a most
splendid edifice. Ils excavations In the
mound of tIhe Birs Nimroud, the site of the
supposed Tower of Babel, has proved that t
the destruction of this great edifIce was duo a
not to lightning or hostile attack, but to aa
volcanic eruption, which had torn and shat
tered the edifice.h
KaQir.C
The name Kafir was unknown to thme P
people now called by It; it was probai- ~
ably giveni to them by the Arabs, and
means, I believe, infidel. A mong thenm- ft
selves they have no commnon name to ti
designate the race to which they belong M
unless ic be Amaucu, or "the people." I)
Tihe Kafirs ar'e supposed to be descend
ants of certain superior races of negroes,
evIdently wIth some mixture of Arab *
blood In their veins. They seem at no p
very distant period, to- have advanced u;
from the interior of Africa, driving be- ~
fore them, or else exterminating, the
native races, and especially the Hlotten- n
tots and Bushmen. Finally, they set- o
the4! on the southe.stern part of thme C
continent. .FProm the Hottent4ts they
borrowed the peoullar sound in their '
language oalled the "click." Proof of
this Is afforded by the fact that this e
onnd Is more comtnon and more pro- Ie
riouanoed in the speech of the fa ontier tn
fa(s, wvbo have come,more to dntact
withlthe Hotteagtets, thasi it Is it he
titterence of the Zuluis and leQusnas,'
Thbe.Amako$ar4 supposed ato pave b~
orosspd th,Wa riyor and e6aquetd bteC
I*ttn* ut go0 he b i
A Minor's Luck.
My bulldog, although an excellent watch
id a good hunter, was anything but a
ater-dog. When I forded a stream he
rould fun around half a mile to avoid go
ig into the water. Many a time I had to
rag him behind me when I did not want
D part company with him -i for.'ing a
iver. As he was invaluable to me loth as
watch at night and as a means of procur
ig me pork, I was in the habit of giving
im a sousing every morning when water
ras available to preserve his health.
One morning I took him by the nape of
lie neck and dragged him to the edge of
lic stream to give him his morning bath.
nt as I reached the edge of the creek my
yes eyes fell on something that gleamed in
Iie water. I released the dog in an instant,
ud he fled with a howl of relief. The
3mething I had seen gleaming was a nug
et of gold as large as my two fists. It was
a the exact form form of a bunch of grapes,
tom, fruit and everything complete. I for
ot all about the (log and his bath. A mo
tent later I was wading up to the knees In
ie little creek looking for more. An hour's
earch resulted in my finding another nug
et, a small one.
I at once decided to ascend the creek, for
was convinced that the ore had come from
a source. I followed it up until it became
> narrow and so shallow that I could scan
s entire bed while walking along either of
s banks. Although it ran through a gorge,
had banks on both sides which rose gent
to the sides of the gorge, leaving a wide
ath. In places the gorge widened on one
de or both, but generally on one side ;
tat is to say, one side of the gorge as
imed the form of a section of a circle.
'he stream did not widen with it, but the
ank did, and in such places it was covered
'ith rich verdure and occasional patches of
rub.
I pitched my tent on one of these spaces,
thered some scrub and built a fire. The
its were very numerous here-the rocks
'ore fairly swarming with them ; and the
ioment I had pitched my tent they were
limbing over and over it. like sanamen on
te rigging of a man-of-war. Nothing but
te fact that they had plenty of food to live
non kept these vermin from attacking
umian beings. Having eaten a hearty
meal, I placed my (log on watch and de
mended to the creek. On entering it I dis
overed a vein of gold running in an oblique
irection across the stream. I tried to pick
>ie of it out, but at every stroke of the
nplement the water splashed up in my
ice. Some other plan must be resorted
>. After surveying tho ground I came to
io conclusion that I could with consider
be labor change the direction of the
ream by cutting a semi-circular chan
cl through the plateau on which my tent
,as pitched. 1 had no sooner made this
etermination than I set to work. The
ibor was hard, but it was sweetened with
to knowledge that there was a strong pro
ability of its being well rewarded. When
had succeeded in diverting the course of
to stream I made an examinati(on of its
ed. Instead of one I found three veis of
old crossing it. I took out about six
ounds' weight of the precious ore before
mndoWnt.
Mexico's Gauy lirigands.
Spanning the river Antigua, at the mouth
f which Cortez built his Vera Cruz, and
ink his ships before beginning his march
ito the Interior,stands the famous National
ridge, better known perhaps, by its old
ame of the King's Bridge, the neighbor
ood of which has doubtless been the scene
f more robberies than any other single spot
i all this robber-haunted land. For the
Duntry that Montezuma ruled and Cortez
)nquered is the paradise of robbers. Every
ariety of the craft thrives here from the
etty thief who steals one's handkerchief,
the dar~iing highwayman who miakes a
,voop) upon a coinvoy of dlollars and thinks
tWe of a fierce fight with its escort. In
very city in the land(, when darkness
irouds the streets, the robber and ssoasin
sues fronm his lair with knife, sword and
saso. The broad glaro of day even Is not
ways a protection. The press frequently
Irects the attention of the authorities to
ie boldness and frequency of the robberies
)mmnitted at high noon. There is scarcely
road in Mexico two miles from a city that
not infested with bandits, andl the travel
is generally obliged to go wecll armed.
onest men who have anything to loose
e alwvays careful how they walk the
reets at night. lIn the City of Mexico
ame years since a band of midnight robbers
tIled Eusebadoes, from sebo, tallow, kept
to whole city in a frenzy of fear, and plied
ieir nefarious calling for long months be
>re tairdy justice overtook them. They de
ved their~ name from the habit of stripping
ark naked and anointing themselves with
i, making their seizure and retention al
ost an impossibility. Down in the pur
mus of the city, in the thIeves' resort, 1 am
>Id the banker sits at the monte table with
long Catalan knife, pointed as a needle
id keen as a razor, and warns the eager
owd that if any cavallero pretends to mis
~ke the b)ank for lise stake lhe will pin his
and to the board. CrImes' which in any
her country would form the subject of
>miment for weeks here pass comparative
unnoticed, and as often go wholly un
unished. Innumerable are the stories of
ibberles which one hears, some of them of
trilling Interest and romantIc character.
It Is niot so long ago as to have passed
'om memory that a consIderable town in
e interior became the scene of a robbery
hlichi has, In all essential characterIstics,
sen repeated in other parts of the country.
.s the inhatbitants of the place were about
teir morning work a large band of horse
ten rode into the plaza. Trhe party pro.
mnted the usual appearance of Incensed
atriots whose rIghts had been trampled
pon by the temporary government, against
'blob they were about to issue a pronun
amenito. So the to)wnsfolks simply
rugged their shoulders and said It was
sne of theIr affair. in less than a quarter
lan hour, however, the aspect -of things
rianged A line of pickets. -was U own
bout the tow'n, preventing Ingu'oss or ted
hile the dismouptd parties began aystee'
atically to plu dythe place. Nothing
icaped them ;4S to houses aand' stOr
mnes all- alIke Idthe bandits,a and the I
go continued'so loz)g as anything of vii
,niuined. .Theng~ ' ollecting theiI~ ot,
fey:tnounfted anmd rdie o$! pI the iglW
eder in whi*heyhad cons e d4
5e'andneJj1eo tIo~th y en
miahis a h5TO~*A
ert'Of & p9
ru Ia
4*in the
FOOD FOR THOUGHT.
It is better to suffer on the side of
right than to reign on the side of the
wrong. Sutcess which is the result
of wrong doing, brings a curse with it.
lie that waits for repentance waits
for that which can not be had as long
as it is waited for. (t is absurd for a
man to wait. for that which he himself
has to do.
Do not allow thyself to' be carried
away by anger. Angry words and
scornful looks are sins. Reply to thine
enemy with gentleness. Opposition to
peace is a sin.
The way to acquire lasting esteem is
mot by the fewness of a writer's laults,
but the greatness of his beauties, and
our noblest works are generally most
replete with both.
The ordinary employment of artifice
is the mark of a pretty mind; and it al
most always happens that he who uses
it to cover himself inone place ut;covers.
himself in another.
Preserve your consciedlco always soft
and sensitive. If but one sin force it
self into that tender part of thosoul and
dwell there, the road is paved for a
thousand iniquities.
Capricious, wanton, bold and brutal
lust is meanly selfish; when resisted
cruel; and, like the blastof pestilential
winds, taints the sweet bloom or na
ture's fairest forms.
lie that is found reasonable in one
thing is concluded to be so in all; and
to think or say otherwise is thought so
unjust an affront and so senseless a
censure that nobody ventures to do it.
There are some trim hs in regard to
which we are not warranted to ask the
why. They shine in their own light;
and we feel that we need na light; and
we ask no light wherewith to see them.
The pain which conscience gives ri
mnan who has already done wrong is
soon g ;t over. Conscience is a coward,
and those faults it has not strength
enough to prevent, it seldom has jus
tice 0eo.1u to accuse.
Un'seltish and noble acts are the most
raclient epochs in the biography of
souls. When wrought in earliest youth
they lie in the memory of age like the
coral islands green and suany amnidst
the melancholy waste of ocean.
it is easy in the world to live after
the world's opinion ; it is easy in solil
t.ude to live after your own; but the
great man is he, who, in the mnidst of
the crowd, keeps within perfect sweet.
ness the independence of solitude.
As the reputation of books in raised,
not by their freedom from deect, but
Lte greatness of their beauties so should
that of men be prized, not from their
exemption from fault, but the size of
t,hose virtues they arc possessed of.
Contenttesnt prodluces, in some meas
urt, ill those effects which the alehem
Ist usually ascribes to wlat he calls the'
philosopher's stone, and it it does not
bring riches, It dloes the satne thing by
banlahing the desire for them.
One who is injured ought not to re
turn the lujury, as the multitude think;
for (-in no account can It be right to do
injustice. Therefore. It is not right to
return an injury, or to do evil to any
man, however we may have suffered
from him.
Where men are the most sure and ar
rogant they are commonly the most
mistaken, and have there given reins
to passions, without that proper delib
eration and suspense, wni?h, catn alone
secure them from the grosaest absurdi
ties.
' Pluck, not luck, put a man ahead in
this world, and leaves a lot of persons
at the foot of the ladder quarrelling over
their p4'digrees, trying to sponge a pass
out, of arme symp~athietio friend, or steal
up under tile shadow of some self-.made
mani.,
No enjoymnen t, however , inconsidera
ble, is confined to the, present mgoment.
A matn is thle hap)pier for life ird m aav
lng miade once all agreeabi6.tour, or
lived for any length or time with pleas
lant, peole. or enjoyed any considerable
interval of innocent pleasure.
Not alone to know, but to act accor
(ing to thly knowledge, is thy destina..
tion, proclaims the voice of my Inruost
souil. Not for indolent contemnplationi
anoe stu(y of thyself, nor for brooding
over einotions of pity-no, for action
wals given thice; thuy actions, and thj
aetilns alone, determine thy worth.
It is easy to pick holes ini other peo
ple's work, but it is tar more profitable
to (10 better work yourself. 1s. phiere a
fool in tile world wvho cannot criticise I
Those who can t, oeselves do good ser
vice are bui; as onle'to a thousand com
>ared to those whlo can.,sp faults in the
Iaber of othelrs..
Klnil words cost nothing; t ey are
easier ',o use thll ally other. They
won't blister tile tongne nor aggrevate
tile children or servants, 2eople who
talk loud and threaten, u ge wveapons of
weakness.' Kin..lnoss, flavoretd witih
love, is tile tru;e principie for the home
circle Or, indeed, elsewhere.
10 has been argued that the election
of intemperate men to high, jtidicial or
executive statianis fo Vrbouitet& In the
Soriptures as in the followving verse I
"It [s not-it is not fowkingsVo drinik
wineO, nor p)rinces .Strong adritik, elest
they forget the law rgp prevert the
can o of the poor audd..n. .~
They who remember Io benefits be-'
stowVed by 'parents at'd too grte~'ul to
remlember theIr inuits. They-:*re, hap.
py whol can) rettiry to fther ant I lPotti
or the care thiey rem)eivo -froin thekn' in
infan0cy still laap.ler they are $io cai
return t hur semtafand cairessesis,aul,
feel for thlem tihe satie, idve, they hai .
received. Old agej guzn,og.demonmes
secOil dhildhQod ; wiiy asoi44ajog dida
p)ietV biconme parenial H e.~
itadments w wi 'keop~ u a6himii 4
nothing else Wil do Is teet4 P
wi,1 rave yuV4n
ai JeW alOmellit le Z ti
o ewre *emd ,;
faadoi then on th I''
Iinge~ do we