DENVER – A urine test that catches high levels of two tobacco-related compounds might reveal which cigarette smokers are most likely to develop lung cancer, researchers reported April 19 at a meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research. The study is the first to use biomarkers in urine to delineate lung cancer risk between large groups of smokers.

Researchers collected blood and urine samples from more than 18,000 people in Shanghai in the 1980s and 63,000 in Singapore in the 1990...