Sleep plays a vital role in good health and well-being throughout
your life. Getting enough quality sleep at the right times can help protect
your mental health, physical health, quality of life, and safety. Why Is Sleep
Important?

Sleep helps your brain work properly. While you’re sleeping, your
brain is preparing for the next day. It’s forming new pathways to help you
learn and remember information.

Studies show that a good night’s sleep improves learning. Whether
you’re learning math, how to play the piano, how to perfect your golf swing, or
how to drive a car, sleep helps enhance your learning and problem-solving
skills. Sleep also helps you pay attention, make decisions, and be creative.

Physical Health is often related to quality sleep. It plays an
important role in your physical health. For example, sleep is involved in
healing and repair of your heart and blood vessels. Ongoing sleep deficiency is
linked to an increased risk of heart disease, kidney disease, high blood
pressure, diabetes, and stroke.

Besides that, sleep also helps maintain a healthy balance of the hormones that make you feel hungry (ghrelin) or full (leptin). When you don’t get enough sleep, your level of ghrelin goes up and your level of leptin goes down. This makes you feel hungrier when you’re well rested.

1. The text above mainly discusses….A. The benefit of maintaining our brain in order to work properlyB. Negatives impacts when we are lack of sleepC. The significance of having enough sleepD. Healthy balance of the hormone caused by enough sleep.E. Important factors in keeping the good health and well-being throughout our life

2.From the text, we know that…A. Sleep is the most important activity in our lifeB. Continuously sleep deficiency is linked to a number of health problemC. When we have an adequate sleep,our level of ghrelin goes up and our level of leptin goes downD. Sleep has a minor significance in keeping the health of our brainE. The importance of sleep towards our health is still questionable

3.After reading the passage, the writer most likely… A. Will reduce their amount of sleep each day B. Will consider about the positive effects of sleep C. Will maintain the sufficiency of their sleep each day D. Will take a maximum sleeping time in order to stay healthy E. Will take more attention to the issue discussed in the passage

Text 2 (Soal UNBK 2019)

I lost my father when I was only nine years
old. This was the biggest loss I have had. He was everything to me, his only
daughter. We were so close. I did not lose him to death though. I lost him in a
much harder way: I lost my father to drugs. He got addicted and started to
ignore my brother and me.

One cool Summer night, my brother, a couple of
our friends, and I were watching Scary Movie 3 in the living room. Around 9:30
pm, when I looked toward the kitchen, I saw orange and yellow flames reflecting
of the door’s window. It was a mess explosion caused by his careless actions
under the influence of the drugs.

After the fire was out, I saw my dad run
around to the backyard and jump into the pool. I knew then that he had gotten
burned. Fie ended up confined in the hospital. After he got better, they put
him in jail for a month under drug charges. I was so mad and hurt, and suffered
from severe depression. It destroyed my health and my social life.

One day, one of my teachers stopped me in the
hail to ask if I was okay. She asked if she could help me, if l would tell her
what was going on. So I did. She helped save me and lift me back up. After a
while, I started to feel and do better. She is now one of my greatest friends
and mentors, and we talk daily. I could never repay her for everything she has
done for me.

Through my experiences, I learned never to do
anything without thinking of how it will impact the people around me.

(Adapted from “A Life Lesson” by Anonymous. Teen ink)

4.The main idea of paragraph 2 is…. A. How the writer started her miseryB. How the writer got lost of his fatherC. How the writer’s biggest lost beganD. How the writer relieved from her problemE. How the writer started to dismiss her father from her life

5. From the paragraph 4, it is inferred that….A. The writer finally could resolved her problemB. The writer was deeply affected by the case of her fatherC. The writer was deeply hurt and depressedD. The writer’s teacher tried to interrogate her of what she had facedE. The writer’ s teacher offered her a help

6. It destroyed my health and my social life. (par. 3) The word it refers to….A. The writer’s father careless actB. The writer’s father was imprisonedC. The writer’s severe depressionD. The writers guilt of her father’s conditionE. The fact faced by the writer’s father

7. The writer’s father started to ignore her and her brother….his addiction to drugA. BecauseB. SinceC. Because ofD. DespiteE. Even though

Text 3 (Soal UTBK 2019)

Mount Kilauea in Hawaii continues to erupt with the lava flows like syrup. Meanwhile, Mount Merapi in Indonesia also begins to show eruptions that are not caused by water vapor pressure as it happens with Mount Kilauea. When these two events become headlines in media, a question arises, “Are magma and lava different?” The difference between magma and lava is about their location. When geologists refer to magma, they talk about molten rock which is still trapped underground. If this molten rock surfaces above the ground, it is referred to as lava. Magma has a varied chemical composition, which makes volcanoes containing magma have different properties.

Based on its
composition, magma is categorized
into two types, namely mafic magma and silicamagma. Mafic magma, like
in Hawaii, is formed when the crust that makes up the ocean floor melts. This
type of magma contains 47 to 63 percent silica, a mineral that forms glass and
quartz. Mafic magma has a fairly fluid feature, with viscosity – a measurement
of the resistance to flow, which is affected by pressure. Mafic is the hottest
type. The temperature of the mafic magma reaches 1,800 to 2,200°F, or 1,204°C.

In contrast to mafic magma, silica magma is formed
when continental crusts melt. Visually, for many people, silica magma looks
more interesting than mafic magma. Rhyolite, a type of magma with a very rich
silica content, can reach 1,500°F or 815°C. Because silica magma is cooler and
thicker than mafic magma, the gas content in it becomes difficult and longer to
release. This makes silica magma more dangerous. The more gas is formed in the
magma, the greater the explosion of the magma. When the gas content in the silica
magma is released, it will form bursting bubbles in the magma. This event is
similar to opening a packaged soda that has been previously shaken. The
resulting steam flow will trigger a huge explosion.

One of the mountains
formed from the silica magma is Mount Pinatubo in the island of Luzon, the
Philippines. In the case of the
Hawaiian Volcano, this mountain does not contain high silica magma. The explosive power of this mountain
is not strong. Instead, this mountain will gradually spout and discharge its
contents.

8. The phrase ‘Based on its composition’ in paragraph 2 can be replaced by…A. Whenever considering its typesB. With regard to its basic structuresC. Referring to its constituent elementsD. In terms of the originE. Regarding its nature

9. What is the main idea of the passage above?A. There is an obvious difference between magma and lava.B. Magma has different types in its chemical content.C. Some mountains are formed from silica magma.D. The volcano erupts by releasing lava flow abruptly.E. Mount Kilauea In Hawaii differs from Mount Merapi in Indonesia.

10. The author’s intention to write the sentence ‘One of the mountains formed from tile silica magma is Mount Pinatubo in the island of Luzon, the Philippines’ in paragraph 4 is to ….A. Provide an example of a mountain with high explosive powerB. Compare between volcanoes in the Philippines and in HawaiiC. Explain the composition of magma on Mount PinatuboD. Confirm that Mount Pinatubo is in the PhilippinesE. Describe a mountain formed from silica magma

11. The main reason for the writing the passage is ….A. A false understanding of the concept of lava formationB. Incomplete data regarding the dangers of magma and lavaC. Confusing information regarding the nature of magma and lavaD. Lack of understanding of the characteris-tics and types of magmaE. Misconception on the information about the danger of hot lava and magma

Text 4 (Soal Prediksi UTBK 2020)

There are two basic types of glaciers, those that ﬂow outward in all directions with little regard for any underlying terrain and those that are conﬁned by terrain to a particular path.

The ﬁrst category of glaciers includes those massive blankets that cover whole continents, appropriately called ice sheets. There must be over 50,000 square kilometers of terrestrial areas covered with ice for the glacier to qualify as an ice sheet. When portions of an ice sheet spread out over the ocean, they form ice shelves.

About 20,000 years ago the Cordilleran Ice Sheet covered nearly all the mountains in southern Alaska, western Canada, and the western United States. It was about 3 kilometers deep at its thickest point in northern Alberta. Now there are only two sheets left on Earth, those covering Greenland and Antarctica.

Any dome like body of ice that also ﬂows out in all directions but covers less than 50,000 square kilometers is called an ice cap. Although ice caps are rare nowadays, there are a number in northeastern Canada, on Baﬃn Island, and on the Queen Elizabeth Islands.

The second category of glaciers includes those of a variety of shapes and sizes generally called mountain or alpine glaciers. Mountain glaciers are typically identiﬁed by the landform that controls their ﬂow. One form of mountain glacier that resembles an ice cap in that it ﬂows outward in several directions is called an ice ﬁeld.

The difference between an ice ﬁeld and an ice cap is subtle. Essentially, the ﬂow of an ice ﬁeld is somewhat controlled by surrounding terrain and thus does not have the domelike shape of a cap. There are several ice ﬁelds in the Wrangell. St. Elias, and Chugach mountains of Alaska and northern British Columbia.

Less spectacular than large ice ﬁelds are the most common types of mountain glaciers: the cirque and valley glaciers. Cirque glaciers are found in depressions in the surface of the land and have a characteristic circular shape. The ice of valley glaciers, bound by terrain, ﬂows down valleys, curves around their corners, and falls over cliffs.

12. Paragraph preceding the text most probably discusses about… A. How glaciers are formed B. The brief definition of glaciers C. The types of glaciers D. The sites where glaciers are probably formed E. The characteristics of glaciers

13. According to the passage, ice ﬁelds resemble ice caps in which of the following ways? A. Their material B. Their shape C. Their texture D. Their location E. Their flow

14. It can be inferred that ice sheets are so named for which of the following reasons?A. They are conﬁned to mountain valleys.B. They cover large areas of land.C. They are thicker in some areas than in others.D. They have a characteristic circular shape.E. They cover large areas of ocean

15. To whom the text is probably addressed?A. Scientists in a certain instituteB. EnvironmentalistsC. People living around glaciers areasD. Students of science programE. The readers of a scientific journal