Tenosynovitis

(Synovitis)

Definition

Tendons are the cords that connect bones to muscles in the body. They are covered by a sleeve-like tissue. Tenosynovitis is an inflammation of this tissue. It occurs most often in the hand, wrist, or foot.

Symptoms

Tenosynovitis is common in the tendons of the thumb. This is called de Quervain’s tenosynovitis. It causes pain and stiffness in the thumb side of the wrist.

The wrists, hands, and feet are also commonly affected. Tenosynovitis that affects tendons of the fingers can also make the finger stick in a bent position.

Diagnosis

You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. It will include an assessment of the joint.

A blood test may also be done. It will be done to look for signs of bacterial infection or other conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. You may be referred to a hand specialist.

Treatment

Talk with your doctor about the best treatment plan for you. The goal of treatment is to reduce swelling and pain and to allow the tendon to move freely. Treatment options include the following:

Supportive Care

The tendon will need time to heal. Supportive care may include the following: . A brace or splint may be used to help you rest the joint. Rest may be combined with basic stretching and strengthening exercises.

Activities may need to be restricted. Normal activities will be gradually reintroduced.

Ice therapy may help decrease pain and swelling. If ice is not helpful, heat therapy may be advised.

A brace or splint may be used to help rest the joint.

Physical Therapy

A physical therapist will assess the tendon. An exercise program will be created to reduce discomfort and promote recovery. The therapist may also suggest modifications to your workplace to reduce stress to the area.

Medications

Several medications are used to treat tenosynovitis. These include:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to help reduce inflammation and pain

Topical pain medications, such as creams and patches, that are applied to the skin

Corticosteroid injections to reduce swelling

Antibiotics to treat infection

Surgery

Surgery may be used for severe tenosynovitis. The surgery will release the tendon and allow it to move freely.

Prevention

To prevent tenosynovitis, avoid overuse of your tendons. Take the following steps if you have a job or hobby that involves repetitive motions of the hand, wrist, or foot:

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.

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