Wednesday, July 31, 2013

Extreme apertures in the lavender fields

I took a trip to Snowshill Lavender Farm the other weekend
to get some shots of the lavender fields in full bloom, and I was looking to
get something a bit different from the usual purple rows you see so often.

Set deep in the Gloucestershire Cotswolds, overlooking the village of Broadway and the Vale of Evesham, that
fecund area famous for its fruit and vegetable production. The lavender farm has been a commercial concern since 2000, when the plant was sewn in fields
previously used for wheat and barley production.

Thanks to the free draining limestone soils set 1,000 feet
above sea level, the lavender has taken to this area with gusto, and the farm
now has over 35 different varieties, 70 miles of rows and 250,000 lavender
plants in total. All the oil is steam distilled on the farm and used to make
more kinds of lavender based products than you could shake a fragrantly infused stick
at.

It’s also become a popular tourist stop in the Cotswolds,
and during peak times coaches regularly disgorge their chirruping cargo to
gambol among the perfumed plots, before heading on to Broadway for a cream
tea.

This was one of the reasons I was looking to get away from
the usual shots of the fields; there would be lots of people in the way, but
also, I have been to the farm quite a few times, as it’s only a 30 minute drive
away, so I already have those ‘classic’views in the bag.

I had decided that day to use the extreme ends of the
aperture for a change, as generally when taking landscape photos, the aperture
tends to stay around the middle mark to keep a good amount of sharpness in the
image, but also keep the quality of the image as high as possible. When
visiting the either end of the scale, around f/4 or f/32 the image quality
drops off, but it does allow you to get some creative results, so I was happy
to sacrifice a bit of that quality for the sake of my art, dahling.

Using a 70-200 lens at the longest zoom length and a shutter speed of 1/2500 sec, an aperture of f/4 and the ISO set to 400 gave me an extremely shallow depth of field with very little in focus apart from the closest flowers.

So to begin with I decided to get low down amongst the
lavender, so I set up shop on the soil between the rows, and using a very low
aperture took some images peering down between the plants, letting the long
stalks overlap in front of the lens.

The other thing to take into account on this day was the
wind, the breeze was getting up to all sorts of mischief, so despite having a
very wide aperture, so a lot of light was entering the lens, it still wasn’t
enough to freeze the flowers as they buffeted about, especially as I was
positioned so close to them, so any movement would be magnified.

With that in mind, I upped the ISO to 400, so giving me some
decently fast shutter speeds. Plus I was handholding a 70–200 lens with no
image stabilisation on, in some very awkward positions, so I needed all the
help I could get. In fact my lowly position among the voluminous blooms of
lavender did have the unintentional effect of surprising at least two groups of
chattering Japanese tourists into a startled silence as they capered past.

1/2500, f/4 & ISO 400. I tried to include different colours in the soft background to add another element to the picture. Here the camera is pointing slightly upwards so the blue of the sky is making an appearance.

1/2000, f/4 & ISO 400. This shot is looking down to a patch of lavender behind the foreground flowers so we have a nice purple background to complement the green.

1/1250, f/4 & ISO 400. And in this one there is something orange in the background. I have no idea what it was, but I like how it complements the purple.

You see quite a few of these fellas stuck to the lavender, with their interesting shells.

From one extreme to the other, this time I wanted to get
some movement in the images, so I stepped up the aperture to its smallest
value, namely f/32 and brought the ISO down to 50, or as it should correctly
be called on the Canon ‘L’ as it’s not a true ISO value. It’s not a setting I would I would normally use, as it
limits the dynamic range, specifically on the highlights, but for these kinds
of shots it’s just what I needed to help extend that shutter time in the sunny
conditions.

Still using the 70-200 lens, but this time at its shortest length, I had a shutter speed of 1/6 sec, an aperture of f/32 and the ISO set 50 or L. The long shutter speed enabled me to add extra movement by nudging the camera.

To help with the sense of movement, as I pressed the shutter
I very slightly panned the camera along with the direction the grass was blowing, in this case
to the right, to give it that extra bit of motion. Actually panned may be too strong
a word, it conjures up a sparkling image of me lithely pivoting at the waist,
sweeping the camera gracefully across the ground before me, and that would be
incorrect.

In reality it was no more then 1-2 cm of movement, anything
more and the picture would have been a blurred nothingness, plus I don’t
believe I have ever been either lithe or graceful in my entire life.

0.3 sec, f/32, ISO 50. Still using the short end of the zoom I focused further away from me to get more of the grasses in the shot. I did originally envisage a soft billowy look to the shot, but when processing, I quite liked the higher contrast 'spikey' finish.

1/4 sec, f/4, ISO 50. This is a clump of tall grass with the lavender field behind. I moved the camera slightly so the background would have some motion as well as the grass.

I then looked for more traditional landscape images, but
still using my 70-200 lens, I took them with a very shallow depth of field, to
see if I could get any interesting results.

Here is the classic view of lavender fields, but by using the 200mm zoom to focus closely on a section of the field and having an aperture of f/4 (with a shutter speed of 1/500 and ISO at 100) it does give it a different look. Here you can see the focus point was around a third into the frame, so the immediate foreground loses focus notably.

1/500, f/4 ISO 100. Here is a view from one field to another, with the focus squarely on the pole and tree. Thanks to the large aperture, the foreground field is rendered completely out of focus, but the field behind stays fairly true, as it's far enough away from the camera, yet close enough to the focal point to stay within range.

1/500, f/4 ISO 100. Here we have another traditional view, but again 'cropped' with the zoom, plus I wanted to include something else in the picture apart from the lavender so used these clumps of grasses. It may have been better to focus on the foreground clump rather than the one behind, but I preferred the shape of it.

1/500, f/4 ISO 100. Similar shot but with the addition of some extra colour. You can see one of the effects of using a very large aperture by looking at the edges of the frame. This is called optical vignetting, where there is a gradual darkening of the image towards the corners. Most lenses exhibit this, but it can

be more pronounced in zoom lenses due to the light gathering properties they exhibit, and it's always worse

at large apertures. I actually like the effect and it was one of the reasons I chose to use such a shallow

depth of field. The effects have been exaggerated (but not introduced) by contrast adjustments in

processing as well.

So far I had been exclusively shooting Lavandin or Cottage
Garden Lavender, which if you didn’t know, are the most widely grown group of
lavenders in the world, thanks to their high oil bearing properties, and are
mainly used for bulk fragrance applications such as soaps and room fragrances.

But to finish off the day I was going to spend some time
with the English Lavender, probably the best known of all the lavenders, and with
their high quality essential oils, and of course their Englishness, they are to
be found in toiletries and perfumery the world over.

1/500, f/4, ISO 100. You can immediately see the difference between the two types of plants, the English variety is much denser, with a richer purple hue.

Photographing this rich purple/violet in itself can cause
problems, depending on your camera and the way its internal filter works.
Plants contain more colours than we can see, they are of course for the benefit
of the birds and insects, who frolic around in a world of luminescence far
beyond our senses.

But just because we can’t see it, doesn’t mean our cameras
can’t, so digital cameras have an internal
filter that reduces certain light frequencies, including infrared, to make the
camera "see" colors the way we do. But they are not accurate for all
situations, so it’s not unusual to take a picture of a nice stand of purple
lavender only to see the resulting photo awash with a startling blue, or at
least a significant blue tinge.

This blue tinge is quite normal when photographing something from the purple/violet end of the spectrum, and has traditionally been an issue with cameras even from the days of film.

This is because the filter has blocked too much of the red
from the red/blue mix that makes up purple, leaving the blue behind. The same thing
can happen in reverse if photographing a blue flower, and the filter lets too
much infrared through. The resulting flower will be purple, because more of the
red has been recorded by the sensor so overpowering the blue.

It’s just one of those things, there is nothing that can be
done about it at the time, but it can easily be corrected in post processing.

1/500, f/4, ISO 100. This close up of the English lavender meant crouching down even lower to the ground than before, as this type doesn't grow as high as the cottage garden variety. You can really see the difference in the shape of the flowers compared to the previous lavender.

1/500, f/4, ISO 100. This bunch were taken with a backdrop of white lavender behind them to give a bit of contrast.

So quite a different sort of day photography wise, no tripod, no leveling of horizons, no filters, no cable release, just mooching around and snapping away. It's quite nice to do this every so often, to have a bit of freedom to be spontaneous. Not that landscape photography can't be spontaneous, but there is a sense of working, and often times waiting, for the light, the weather, the time of day etc to be just right. It's refreshing to get out there and, in a manner of speaking, just point and shoot.

If you have a hankering for anything lavender scented or are interested in what they do at the farm, you can find their website here Cotswold Lavender.