As the above equation is intended for bodybuilders in a steady, maintainable state, special adjustments should be made for “bulking” off-season bodybuilders who, due to heavy food and liquid intake, often carry additional pounds of “lean body mass” in the form of fluid retention, labile proteins and contents in the digestive tract. In these cases, a bodybuilder may carry up to 4% additional body weight due to these factors – the predicted body weight must be multiplied by a maximum factor of 1.04 to account for this. Using our example trainee to illustrate his weight in a maximally “bulked” state, we get: