Short Term Memory Essay

2442 words - 10 pages

Short-term Memory
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Short Term Memory
Part 1: Early studies suggested that a cognitive task is correlated with working memory because (and only when) the processing portion of both tasks is similar. Review the evidence for and against this assumption
The working memory describes a comprehensive system that is tasked with holding and processing incoming and already warehoused information (Daneman, & Carpenter, 1980). The importance of the working memory in cognition, conception, edification, and memory update cannot be ignored (Daneman, & Carpenter, 1980). Additionally, the working memory is responsible for the manipulation of both visual and verbal information ...view middle of the document...

The working memory also has the inherent ability to form a relation between different types of information from the cognitive parts (Daneman, & Carpenter, 1980).
Opponents to this assertion, however, stipulate that developing a correlation between the working memory and cognitive parts is very challenging (Daneman, & Carpenter, 1980). For instance, in the case of an inefficient reader processes, the extra information stored and maintained by the working memory may be significantly reduced. Moreover, the customary measures of short-term memory have no correlation with an individual’s ability to read (Daneman, & Carpenter, 1980). Other scholars argue that the working memory acts as a mortal dispensation system rather than a viable storage barrier further dismissing any correlation with the cognitive parts. Given the limited capacity of the working memory, an individual may lose information through dislodgment or even degeneration. The ability to store information depends on the ability of the individual reader to store and maintain information with no particular correlation with the cognitive parts (Daneman, & Carpenter, 1980).
The multifaceted span that is used in measuring the working memory (WM) is used in predicting arithmetic and reading conceptions (Turner, & Engle, 1989). For example, a relatively good reader is purported to have an expanded capacity of the working memory. Correspondingly, when an individual is performing tasks that do not involve reading the WM is reduced considerably (Turner, & Engle, 1989). Turner, & Engle (1989) further assert that an individual working memory capacity is not task independent given its specific aptitude to mentally create functional relationships between various elements, or to establish a correlation from the specified information (Turner, & Engle, 1989). This is also evident by our inability to comprehend various numerical relations between inferences (Turner, & Engle, 1989). The limited capacity of the working memory further explains why instituting a feasible correlation with the cognitive parts is challenging (Turner, & Engle, 1989). Based on these discussions, it is apparent that the correlation existing between working storage capacity and an individual’s ability to articulately comprehend situations is a reality (Turner, & Engle, 1989). Being in a position to read and comprehend better is a not a direct implication or guarantee of possessing better storage possibilities (Turner, & Engle, 1989). Efficiency in reading is directly correlated to the working memory capacity a fact attributed to the individual proficiency in compression.
Part 2: Others suggested that working memory itself reflects a core capability necessary for higher-order cognitive tasks. Review two of these papers and try to shortly sketch a model on the decisive role of working memory capacity in higher-order cognitive tasks based on this literature
The working memory capacity (WMC) refers to a typical...

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