Second life with the "Zircon"

Currently in service only four types of cruisers: two in Russia (st. 1164 "Moscow", st. 1144 "Admiral nakhimov", "Peter the great"), one in the United States ("Ticonderoga") and peru ("AlmIrante grau"). However, burying this class of ships is premature. Since the cruisers of project 1144 must undergo deep modernization with a significant increase in their combat capabilities, the comparison took into account both current and future samples.

And the second was estimated in two variants: with the equipment accepted on arms of a rocket complex "Calibre-nk" and "Onyx", as well as advanced hypersonic asm "Zircon". Previous analysis ("Zircon" upgrade") indicates that to the greatest degree corresponds to the conditions likely combat use of Russian heavy nuclear missile cruiser "Admiral nakhimov" in the variant equipped with its hypersonic asm "Zircon", and in both types of conflicts. In terms of local opposition, the second place is it the same, but with the already accepted into service complexes "Caliber-nk" and "Onyx". In a large-scale war modernized "Nakhimov" with these rockets pushed the american cruiser "Ticonderoga". It should be noted that in both cases there is a significant gap the last "Upgrade" of "Admiral nakhimov" from the other "Classmates", which indicates a sustainable advantage over competitors. American cruiser, occupying the second place in terms of large-scale wars and a third in local conflicts, in fact, comparable in terms of combat effectiveness with our modernized "Nakhimov" with "Caliber-nk" and "Onyx".

Note that the displacement of "American" is more than two times less than that of our cruisers. But "Nakhimov" only is being upgraded and entering the fleet will be only for the near future. A "Ticonderoga" in the us navy over two decades. Undoubtedly, our cruiser will be much more powerful, but the volume of its tactical missions will be greater than those that can be imposed on a competitor of the United States. And if modernized "Admiral nakhimov" promising hypersonic asm "Zircon" becomes the leader, the second rating group should be the american "Ticonderoga" and the "Admiral nakhimov", but the variant with "Caliber-nk" and "Onyx". Heavy nuclear missile cruiser "Peter the great", not the last upgrade, its figures are close to peruvian uro cruiser "AlmIrante grau" ("The old man and the sea"), few surpassing it in conditions of large-scale war.

Therefore, they can be attributed to the third group rating. Closes rating "Moscow", occupying the sixth place in relation to local conflict and sharing with the "Peruvian" fifth-and sixth in another combat situation. If we exclude from consideration modernized "Admiral nakhimov", which has yet to enter into operation, the american "Ticonderoga" will be the first, leaving behind both of our cruisers. But all these ships in terms of construction belong to the same generation. On this basis, it should recognize the superiority of the american conception of the cruisers uro.

"AlmIrante grau", the age of those surveyed, laid before the second world war. However, the subsequent modernization made it completely relevant of our time. Let him not in the lead, but to be in the third group of the world rankings – a good result for the veteran. Comparing the soviet and american concepts, we emphasize that our cruisers were designed as attack ships designed to address a very narrow range of tasks.

Namely, to counter enemy surface forces of the enemy in the first place carrier battle groups. While the americans created primarily escort ships, able to solve wide range of problems, including shock. Our cruisers were regarded mostly as the ships core, protected by others. Accordingly, anti-ship component of the combat power was much enhanced by the weakening of other possibilities. Against avanessians shows that effectively combat aircraft carrier forces of the probable enemy can only modernized "Admiral nakhimov" with the option of a hypersonic asm "Zircon".

Our other cruisers (even the same "Nakhimov", but with the cd "Onyx") can solve this problem only position tracking. The effectiveness of such a strike admittedly quite decent and remodernizing ships of project 1164 and 1144. That is the purpose for which these cruisers were created, their striking power to decide allows. The main problem is to reach the position of the volley, in the encounter battle carrier such won't allow it.

This was the reason that his main task deal with carrier forces, our cruisers decide with low efficiency. As for the "Ticonderoga", the probability of being the beginning of the war in the position of tracking our only aircraft carrier had virtually zero as the opportunity to advance to the position of the volley at full operational capability "Kuznetsov". Therefore, when a good shock potential chance to implement it against our takra in "American" almost no. But this task was not originally apply for it to be important. In union with matematikov struggle with the connection surface forces, including aircraft carriers not koog, kpug, deso (airborne troops) and koh (convoys of cargo ships), our heavy nuclear cruisers out of the competition. This is especially evident when considering the mathematical expectation of the number of destroyed ship groups.

So, the upgraded "Nakhimov" on this indicator exceeds "Ticonderoga" more than two and a half times. A ship of the same project to modernize almost in half. Performance indicators solve this problem, the "Ticonderoga" and "Moscow" are about the same that with time and a half of ammunition superiority in "American" due to the greater stability of our p-1000 compared to the "Tomahawks" of the anti-air defense and electronic warfare potential enemy. Opportunity age "AlmIrante grau" quite well look at the background of much younger competitors, due to significantly weaker equipping hitting air defenses and electronic warfare than opponents cruisers Russia and the United States. In terms of anti-submarine warfare, the undisputed leader – universal "Ticonderoga".

Our cruisers lagging behind by 30-40 percent. They have a powerful hydroacoustic complexes, which can successfully combat submarines. However, the means of their destruction our cruisers inferior to those available to the "Ticonderoga". The purpose of beregovoi air defense of our heavy nuclear cruisers out of the competition. For this indicator, the project 1144 in the upgraded version is superior to "American" at 70 percent, and in the current state – half.

This is not surprising, because the arsenal of the air defense of the project 1144 is much more impressive. This meets the soviet concept in accordance with which the cruiser is required to effectively solve the tasks of collective defense orders, and his means of self-defense must be able to reflect the impact of group svn. Similar means "Ticonderoga" very modest and can effectively resist impacts only a single svn. American cruiser is aimed at solving problems of air defense mainly in the interests of collective defence. Accordingly, the lower its ability to repel enemy aircraft. As for the task of destroying ground targets, it should be noted here: both of our cruisers that have not undergone upgrades and have no possibility to use tfr "Caliber-nk", two to four times inferior to american "Ticonderoga".

After the upgrade we can surpass the "American" half to two times due to proportionally more numerous ammunition tfr "Caliber-nk". A lot of indicators as to the challenges of air defense and destruction of ground objects has the "Peruvian almIrante grau". His defenses do not go to any comparison with the other considered cruisers. But his aerial opponent it will likely be much less dangerous than the latest anti-ship missiles, against which will operate the air defense systems of american and Russian cruisers. As regards the possibilities for the destruction of ground objects, the concept of "Grau" provides for its use against fortifications in the coastal strip, where the power of 152-mm guns is quite sufficient. In general we can say that our cruisers both projects, being highly specialized ships designed to destroy enemy surface forces, is not currently fully meet the requirements and need of deep modernization with giving them the ability to effectively address the broader range of tasks.

American cruiser type "Ticonderoga" to the present time can be considered the most balanced spectrum of combat capabilities of a ship of this class. Peruvian cruiser, despite his age, maintains a balance between capacity and assigned tasks. Leave the class?in conclusion, we note that currently no country in the world, including USA, does not build ships in this class. It belongs to the past. The vacant place is occupied by the destroyers.

Their latest designs for a displacement on par with the cruisers, even of recent construction. However, it may be that to say goodbye to the cruisers before. Their renaissance certainly will contribute to the modernization of our project 1144. The equipment of these ships a solid arsenal of missiles – up to 300 units, brings them to the opportunities for medium-sized aircraft carriers. But the cost is significantly lower.

Further development of this concept may be a ship of greater tonnage than our heavy nuclear cruisers, approaching this indicator to the battleships of world war ii. Its ammunition can reach 500-700 missiles for various purposes. A ship like this will solve quite a wide range of operational tasks.

Used materials of the topwar.ru

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I must admit that 11 years ago when there was talk about using TAVKR "Varyag" in the interests of the PLA Navy , with all my shipbuilding education and experience in the industry, it seemed to me that the completion of the bargain of Blacksea as a full carrier absolutely impossible, in the best case − study design, testing of advanced technical solutions, testing carrier-based aircraft and training pilots (in the form of stationary, towed or self-propelled training ship).

February 24, 1962 in the Northern fleet have not yet officially included in its composition of experimental diesel submarine K-142 project 629Б was the launch of ballistic missile R-21 from a submerged position.