Abstract: the measurement process analysis of energy indices of the water electric
generator of heat shows that there are such design of this generator and its
such operation modeswhen quantity
of heat energy generated by water exceeds the expenses of electrical energy for
this process significantly.

INTRODUCTION

In engineering practice connected with ventilation system servicing, a
phenomenon of excessive thermal energy in circulating air has been found.
Similar phenomenon has been registered in water circulation systems with the
devices for its active cavitations. In the Russian market, three firms (Yusmar,
Termovikhr and Noteka) sell cavitation water heating equipment with energy
efficiency index of 150%. Soon, an air heating device with the same efficiency
will be produced.

We have already shown that energy of physical vacuum taken by
valence electrons of the molecules after their mechanical destruction and
emitted by these electrons within the repeated fusion of the molecules is the
most probable source of additional energy generated by the ventilation systems
and the cavitation ones [1 - 5]. It is explained by the fact that half as much
energy is spent for mechanical destruction of the molecules than for thermal
destruction of these molecules. Valence electrons of the molecules being
destroyed mechanically absorb energy from physical vacuum in order to restore
their energy indices and emit it during the repeated fusion of these molecules.

As half as much energy is spent for mechanical destruction of the
molecules than for thermal one, energy effectiveness index of such processes
cannot exceed two. But if this hypothesis is correct, there is a possibility to
increase energy effectiveness index of this process considerably when the
molecules are destroyed electrodynamically. In this case, there is a
possibility to find resonance modes of electrodynamic destruction of the
molecules and to reduce energy consumption for this process considerably.
Further fusion of the molecules being destroyed electrodynamically will release
required quantity of energy, which will exceed considerably the energy being
spent.

The results of generation of additional energy during electrodynamic
destruction of water molecules have already been published
[4,6]. As in this process special
pulses of current and voltage were generated and the point magnetoelectric
voltmeter and ammeter were used for measurement of their mean values, it became
necessary to determine if a truncation error, which led to overestimation or
underestimation of a design index of efficiency, took place during the
instrument measurements. In this connection, ACK-2022 electron oscillograph was
used in addition when measurements were carried out. As there was no computer
processing system, the oscillogram parameters of voltage and current being
obtained were processed manually. The mean values of voltage and current were
calculated according to the formulas:

Duty factor was determined according to the formula:Z = / S,where is pulse form
factor,S is
off-duty factor:S = / ,whereis pulse
follow period,is
pulse length. For pulses of the exponential form and triangular one being used
in the experiments, the curve form factor in the calculations is= 0.5.

EXPERIMENTAL PART

The main task of the experiment
was to check the hypothesis: “Electrodynamic effect on the molecules gives the
possibility to form resonant modes when energy consumption for the destruction
of their bonds is reduced considerably”. In order to solve this task, special
experiments were carried out connected with electrodynamic destruction of
chemical bonds of water molecules with electric pulses of various frequencies.
The diagram of the installation used for experimental investigations is shown
in Fig. 1; the photo of the experimental generator of heat is shown in Fig. 2.

The results of the experiments are given in
Figs3-6 and in Tables 1-4.

The oscillogram of voltage pulses is given in Fig.3; the oscillogram of current pulses
influencing the generator of heat in one of the experiments carried out with
pulse frequency of nearly 100 Hz is given in Fig. 4. As it is clear from the oscillograms,
the pulses of both voltage and current have an exponential form being close to
the triangular one with a sharp edge and a shallow declination. The design duty
factor for these pulses is Z »
0.039. Mean amplitude of voltage pulses is equal to power supply voltage of the
pulse generator: 250 V. Thus, a mean component of voltage pulses being brought
to the generator of heat is equal to = 0.039 х 250 =
9.75 V. In this experiment, voltmeter readings were 10.0 V.

A
current pulse oscillogram in this experiment is shown in Fig. 4. Current was
measured as voltage drop at a measuring resistor with resistance of0.1 ohm included into the supply circuit of
generator of heat. As it is clear, mean amplitude of current pulses is 1.3 /
0.1 = 13 А, and mean component value is equal to: = 0.039 х 13 =0.51 А. During measurements, the ammeter showed current of0.50 A.

On the basis of the oscillographic measurement data,
mean value of electric power has proved to be Р = 9.8х0.51 = 5.0 W.
The experiment lasted for 300 seconds. Thus, electric energy of =5.0 х 300 = 1500 J = 1.5 kJ entered the generator of
heat. During this period, it heated 0.55 kg of solution by 12 degrees. Energy
value of this heat was equal to =4.19х0.55х12=27.65 kJ. Efficiency index of
energy process wasК=Е2 / Е1 = 27.65 / 1.5 = 18.43, or 1843% (s. Table 2).It corresponds (with accuracy of up to 5% being characteristic of
oscillographic check) to energy efficiency index being determined with the help
of the voltmeter and the ammeter (s. Table 1).

Table 1

Experimental indices of the water electric generator
of heatwith electric pulse frequency
of nearly 100 Hz with the measurements of mean values of voltages and current
with the help of the voltmeter and the ammeter

Indices

Mean

1.
Mass of the solution, which has passed through the generator ,kg.

0.55

2.
Temperature of solution at the input of the generator, degrees

26.00

3.
Temperature of the solution at the output of the generator , degrees

38.00

4.
Temperature difference of the solution, degrees

12.00

5.
Durability of the experiment, s

300.00

6.
Reading of voltmeter , V

10.50

7.
Reading of ammeter , A

0.50

8.
Electric power consumption,

1.57

9
– power spent for heating of the solution

27.65

10 – reactor efficiency index

17.61

Table 2

Experimental indices of the water electric generator
of heat with electric pulse frequency
of nearly 100 Hz with the measurements of mean values of voltages and current
with the help of the electronic oscillograph

Indices

Mean

1.
Mass of the solution, which has passed through the generator ,kg.

0.55

2.
Temperature of solution at the input of the generator, degrees

26.00

3.
Temperature of the solution at the output of the generator , degrees

38.00

4.
Temperature difference of the solution , degrees

12.00

5.
Durability of the experiment, s

300.00

6.
Mean value of voltage , V

9.75

7.
Mean value of current , A

0.51

8.
Power consumption

1.50

9.
Power spent for heating of the solution,

27.65

10. Generatorefficiency index K= E3/ E2

18.43

In Fig. 5, the oscillogram of voltage pulses is given. In Fig. 6, the
oscillogram of current pulses being registered during another experiment with
pulse frequency of nearly 300 Hz is given. According to these oscillograms, the
duty factor calculation has given the result of Z = 0.11. With mean values of
amplitudes of pulses of voltage and current being equal to 250 V and 10.6 A,
respectively, the mean components of voltage and current arriving into the
generator of heat have been:= 0,11 х 250 =
27.5 V;= 0.11 х 10.6 =
1.17 A. According to the readings of the voltmeter and the ammeter, mean values
of voltage and current were 25.0 V and 1.25 A in this experiment. In this
connection, mean value of electric power supplied to the generator of heat was
27.5 х 1.17 = 32.18 W according to the data of the oscillographic
measurements and 25 х 1.25 = 31.25 W according to the data of the pointer
indicators. Divergence in this methods of mean power determination did not exceed
5% as well.

The energy efficiency calculation results of the generators of the heat
for both methods of measurement with pulse frequency of nearly 300 Hz are given
in Table 3 and 4. They are close in their values as well.

Fig. 5. Oscillogram of supply voltage pulses at» 300 Hz

Fig. 6. Oscillogram
of current pulses via the generator of heat at » 300 Hz

Table 3

Experimental indices of the water electric generator
of heatwith electric pulse frequency
of nearly 300 Hz with the measurements of mean values of voltages and current
with the help of the voltmeter and the ammeter

Indices

Mean

1.
Mass of the solution, which has passed through the generator ,kg.

0.41

2.
Temperature of solution at the input of the generator, degrees

26.00

3.
Temperature of the solution at the output of the generator , degrees

76.00

4.
Temperature difference of the solution , degrees

50.00

5.
Durability of the experiment, s

300.00

6.
Reading of voltmeter , V

25.00

7.
Reading of ammeter , A

1.25

8.
Electric power consumption, , kJ

9.38

9.
Power spent for heating of the solution, kJ

85.90

10. Generatorefficiency index

9.16

Table 4

Experimental indices of the water electric
generator of heatwith electric pulse
frequency of nearly 300 Hz with the measurements of mean values of voltages and
current with the help of the electronic oscillograph

Indices

Mean

1.
Mass of the solution, which has passed through the generator ,kg.

0.41

2.
Temperature of solution at the input of the generator, degrees

26.00

3.
Temperature of the solution at the output of the generator , degrees

76.00

4.
Temperature difference of the solution , degrees

50.00

5.
Durability of the experiment, s

300.00

6.
Mean value of voltage , V

27.5

7.
Mean value of current , A

1.17

8.
Power consumption

9.65

9.
Power spent for heating of the solution

85.89

10. Generatorefficiency index

8.90

Table 5

PROTOCOL
OF CONTROL TEST

Indices

1

2

3

Mean

1.
Mass of the solution, which has passed through the generator ,kg.

0.384

0.372

0.378

0.378

2.
Temperature of solution at the input of the generator, degrees

27

27

27

27

3.
Temperature of the solution at the output of the generator , degrees

85

86

86

85.3

4.
Temperature difference of the solution , degrees

58

59

59

58.7

5.
Durability of the experiment, s

300

300

300

300

6.
Mean value of voltage , V

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.5

7.
Mean value of current , A

2.60

2.60

2.60

2.60

8.
Power consumption

4.29

4.29

4.29

4.29

9.
Power spent for heating of the solution

93.32

91.96

93.44

92.91

10. Generatorefficiency index

21.75

21.44

21.78

21.66

Thus, it is possible to consider
that an experimental check of energy efficiency of the water electric generator
of heat with the help of two methods gives practically the same results and
confirms the above-mentioned hypothesis concerning the possibility of
additional energy production in the processes being considered [6, 7]. It can
be noted that as during measurements the pointer instruments of high class of
accuracy of 0.2 have been used (relative conventional gauging error does not
exceed 0.2%) and oscillographic measurement accuracy is much lower (usually
nearly 5%), the results given in Tables 1 and 3 can be considered more
accurate.

Commercial efficiency of the water electric generator of heat will
depend on pulse generator economies. As efficiency of powerful pulse generators
can be near unit, energy efficiency should not differ greatly from the data
being obtained during laboratory investigations for the industrial-scale plants
with the use of the generators of heat being considered.

CONCLUSION

The analysis of energy balance of
the molecules with covalent bonds shows the possibility of formation of
additional thermal energy with the energy efficiency index, which exceeds unity
greatly, and the experiments confirm this hypothesis earnestly.

Simplicity and hundred per cent
reproducibility of the experiments being described open a prospect for quick
commercialization of the water electric generator of heat.