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Feb. 26, 1963
J. E. BUSH
3,078,540
HYDRAULIC PRESS '
Filed Jan. 16, 1961
l0 Sheets-Shéet 1
Feb. 2s, 1963
J. E. BUSH
_
3,078,540
HYDRAULïc PRESS
Filed Jan. 1e, 1961
lo sheets-sheet 2
lNvEN-roR
BY
Q
Feb. 26, 1963
J. E. BUSH
3,078,540
HYDRAULIC PRESS
Filed Jan. 16, 1961
1_0 Sheets-Sheet 3
Feb. 26, 1963
J. E. BUSH
HYDRAULIC PRESS
Filed Jan. 16, 1961
~
3,078,540
I
10 Sheets-Sheet 4
Feb.`26, 1963
J. E. BUSH
3,078,540
HYDRAULIC PRESS
Filed Jan. le, 1961
1o 'sheets-sheet 5
OR
Feb. 26, 1963
_
Filed Jan. 1e, 1961
~
J. E. BUSH
3,078,540
HYDRAULIC PRESS
1o sheets-sheet e
NVENTOR
Feb. 26, 1963
J. E. BUSH
HYDRAULIC PRESS
Filed Jan. 16, 1961
/fl
3,078,540
'
10 Sheets-Sheet 7
Feb. 26, 1963
J. |-:. BUSH
3,078,540
HYDRAULIC PRESS
Filed Jan. 16, 1961
'
10 Sheets-Sheet 8
INVENTOR
cfa/í» 5 ¿má
Feb. 26, 1963
‘
Filed Jan. 16, 1961
J. E. BUSH
HYDRAULIC PRESS
'
3,078,540
10 Sheets-Sheet 9
INVENTOR
Feb. ze, 1963
J. E. BUSH
3,078,540
HYDRAULIC PRESS
v
Filed Jan. 16, 1961
10 Sheets-Sheet 10
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Patented Feb. 26, i963
2
amasar
HYDRAULÈC PRESS
.lohn E. Bush, Reading, Pa., assigner to Birdsboro Cor
poration, Birdsboro, Pa., a corporation of Pennsyl
Vania
Filed Jan. 16, 1961, Ser. No. 83,095
6 Claims. (El. 25-91.)
>The present invention relates to hydraulic presses of
the character which are suitable for molding particles into
molded objects, particularly intended for brick-making
presses, briquetting presses, powder metallurgy molding
presses and tableting presses.
The present application is a continuation-impart of my
copending application Serial No. 854,639, ñled November
23, 1959 for Hydraulic Press, now abandoned.
A purpose of the invention is to greatly simplify the
construction of a hydraulic press of the character under
discussion and particulany reduce the complexity of the
FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic end elevation of the de
vice of the invention partially broken away to show the
interior of one of the auxiliary cylinders.
-FIGURE 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 3 is a plan section on the line 3_3 of FIG
URE 1.
FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary section on the line ‘tr-4
of FIGURE 3.
FIGURES 5, 6 and 7 are central vertical sectional di
agrams showing the operation of the press of the inven
tion in molding a brick.
>FlGURE 8 is a diagram showing a hydraulic system
of the device of the invention.
FIGURE 9 is a view similar to FIGURE 3 showing a
modified form of the invention.
FIGURE 10 is a fragmentary section on the line lll
1li of FlGURE 9.
FIGURES 11 to 17 illustrate a further embodiment of
the invention.
hydraulic operating mechanism.
FIGURE 11 is a front elevation of the modiñed press
further purpose in a press of the character described
partly in vertical section.
is to interconnect the top head and lower platen together
FIGURE l2 is an end elevation of the press of FIG
so that they move as a unit, to provide auxiliary hydraulic
URE l1 partly in vertical section.
means to manipulate the top head and lower platen from
FIGURES 13 to 16 inclusive are diagrammatic ceu
a press base containing a mold box, to provide a bottom 25 tral vertical sections showing the operation of the press
punch for the mold box interconnected with the bottom
of FlGURES 11 and 12.
platen and to provide a crosshead and top punch which
FIGURE 17 is a hydraulic diagram showing also a di~
is moved by a hydraulic cylinder and ram on the top
agrammatic section of the press of FlGURES 11 and 12.
head.
FIGURES 17 to 20 illustrate a modified form of the
A further purpose at the time of molding is to apply
evice of the invention in which the columns of the en
pressure from the main cylinder on the to-p head to ad
tablature are within and guided on the outer frame.
vance the upper punch in the mold box and concurrently
FÍGURE 17 is a fragmentary front elevation of the
to apply pressure on the auxiliary cylinders to advance
modified press partly broken away to show the guiding
the bottom punch in opposition to the top punch.
of the columns.
A further purpose is to strip the mold by raising the
FIGURE 18 is a fragmentary end elevation of the press
top head and lower platen in unison until the bo-ttom
of FIGURE 17.
punch is iiush with the top of the mold bo-x, thus ex
FIGURE 19 is a section on the line lil-19 of FlG
tracting the previously molded object from the mold box,
URE 17.
and then to push the previously molded object ofi laterally
FIGURE 20 is a section on the line 2li-Ztl of FlG
and bring a bottomless hopper into position on the lower 40 URE i7.
punch, and then lower the top head and bottom platen
in the prior art, in making brick molding presses and
and the bottom punch to form a mold cavity and dis
the like, it has been usual to employ rather complicated
charge the contents of the hopper into the mold cavity.
and expensive hydraulic mechanism, which adds greatly
A further purpose is to interconnect the top head and
to the cost of the equipment.
the lower platen by columns which are surrounded by 45
ln accordance with the present invention, it is possible
and guided on the outer frame, the column cross-section
to perform the required functions of a brick molding
desirably being deep in the direction transverse to the
press by using only two sets of hydraulic cylinders,
direction toward the opposite column and narrow in the
namely, a main double-acting cylinder and an auxiliary
direction toward the opposite column.
single-acting set of cylinders.
A further purpose is to provide a gate at one side of 50
In accordance with the invention, the press base provides
the mold cavity and a gate lock which can be inserted
guides for columns and the columns are interconnected
to close the gate, so that the mold box can be withdrawn
at the top and bottom to a top head and a lower platen
laterally when the gate lock is withdrawn vertically.
which operate as a unit. The lower platen carries a bot
A further purpose is to provide improved structure at
tom punch which enters the bottom of the mold box.
the sides of the molded object by moving the entablature 55
The top head c rries the main cylinder, and the main
(the combination of thetop head and lower platen)
axially while pressure is building up between the upper
and lower punches under the action of the main cylinder
and desirably also the pre-pressure cylinders.
cylinder ram carries the upper moving platen which is
interconnected with the upper punch. The combination
of the top head and lower platen is raised and lowered
by interconnection with a combination of single-acting
A further purpose is to control the position of the en 60 auxiliary cylinders and rams.
tablature by stops in opposite directions; also to control
One great advantage of the press of the invention is
the position of the upper moving platen with respect t0
that .auxiliary equipment including mold feeding andv
bracket handling equipment can readily be mounted en
the entablature by stops.
Further purposes appear in the specification and in the
the mold box in the press of the invention, since the mold
65 box is stationary. The molded bracket is always dis
claims.
`In the drawings I have chosen to illustrate a few onlyÍ
charged at the same height and this cooperates very errec
t-ively with conveyors to remove the bracket. The pressV
of the numerous embodiments in which the invention may
appear, selecting the forms shown from the standpoints
of the invention readily adapts itself to different depths
of ?ill of the mold activity.
of convenience in illustration, satisfactory operation and
A great advantage of the preferred embodiment of the
clear demonstration of the principles involved.
70
Describing in illustration ‘out not in limitation and re
device -of the invention is that it is possible to obtain
ferring to the drawings:
the effect of active pressure applied to the upper and
8,078,640
3
4
.
lower punches even though there is only one main ram.
This is accomplished by moving the entablature axially
so that both punches are moving axially together through
space while they are moving toward one another.
Accurate control of both limiting positions of the
entablature and of the downward position of the upper
moving platen is accomplished by means of stops.
In one desirable embodiment in the device of the
Passing through tubular guides 33 on the mold table
20 are columns 24.
These..columns are of a suitably
smooth outer surface and of adequate cross section for
suñicient strength. At the upper end of each column, a
shoulder 63 ñts against abutment 64 and the column ex
tends through the head and is secured at the upper end by
a nut 66 which retains the head 22 against the shoulder 63;
A main hydraulic cylinder 67 having a dome 63 at the up
invention, the columns which interconnect the top head
per end and a port 70 at the upper end and a port 71
and the lower platen to form the moving entablature are 10 at the lower end is formed in the center of the top head.
surrounded and guided on the outer frame, so that they
The cylinder is open a-t the lower end. A main hydraulic
very firmly resist distortion and are capable of withstand
ram 72 having piston rings 73 is in the cylinder and has a
ing eccentric loading. This capability is further increased
piston rod 74 extending from the top head 22. A fol
by making the dimension of the columns in the direction
lower 75 is suitably threaded at 76 to the top head 22
of the other column less than one-third of the dimension
and retains packing '77 about the piston rod 74.
transverse to the direction of the other column.
At the end remote from the piston the piston rod
FIGURES l and 2 of the drawings illustrate the main
74 is attached to the top moving platen 21. The top
components of the invention which consist of a stationary
moving platen 21 is guided by the columns 24 which ex
mold table 20, a top moving platen 21, a top head 22, a
tend through the openings 80 in the crosshead portion 81.
lower platen 23, and columns 24 interconnecting the top 20 An upper punch or die 82 is suitably secured to »the cross~
head and lower platen. The mold table 20 has a base 25
head portion 81 and extends into the mold cavity 61,
extending horizontally and having sides 26 and ends 27.
when platen 81 is in down position.
Tapped holes 2S, here shown as two, extend suitably
At the lower end of the columns 24 shoulders 83
through each side of the base and receive piston rods 30
abut against the lower platen 23 at 84 and the columns
extending vertically upward from the base. The base 25
24 extend through openings 85 in the lower platen. Nuts
is suitably secured to a foundation (not shown) in any
86 threaded on the columns 24 at the lower end securely
suitable manner as by imbedding, bolting or the like.
hold the lower platen against the shoulders 83 of the
Mold beam sections consisting of side beams 31 and
columns 24. A lower punch 87 conforming to the mold
and end beam 32 extend vertically upward from the
cavity is suitably attached to the lower platen and ex
base and are suitably of rectangular cross section.
30 tends through passage 62 into mold cavity 61.
These mold beam sections are integral with the base
In the hydraulic system as shown in FIGURE 8, a
and form part of the casting. The mold beam’s frame is
high pressure low volume constant delivery pump 87’ has
a rectangle which has at its corners tubular guides 33
a suction line 88 which leads from reservoir 90 con
having machined inner surfaces 34 suitable for receiving
columns 24 as will be later explained. The tubular guides
33 are of desirably greater depth than the mold beams
taining suitable hydraulic oil 91. Conduit 92 leads from
the discharge of pump 87’ to a pressure relief valve 93
having discharge pipe 94 leading to reservoir 90. Flow
as shown in FIGURES 1 and 2, and are suitably cast
pipe 95 leads from valve 93 to a three-way valve 96l
integral with the beam sections and base. The tubular
A low pressure high capacity constant delivery pump 97
guides at one end of the press have vertical key grooves
takes oil through suction plpe 98 and discharges through
at 36 and 37 on their exterior surfaces which receive 40 pipe 100 through pressure relief valve 101. A relief line‘
tongues 38 and 40 on gate 41 which forms the end
102 leads from valve 101 to reservoir 90. The discharge
beam section opposite end beam 32.
In the modified form of the device shown in FIGURES
9 and l0, the tubular guides have vertical key grooves at
36’ and 37’ on their exterior surfaces which receive
tongues 3S’ and 40’ on gate 39 which forms the side
beam section opposite side beam 31'.
pipe 100 leads to three-way valve 96 and three-way valve
103. A ñow line 104 connects three-way valve 96 to
a four-way valve 105. Flow line 106 connects to the
port 'l0 at the upper end of the main hydraulic cylin
der 67 and the tlow line 107 connects four-way valve
105 to the port 71 at the lower end of the main hydraulic
cylinder 67. A discharge line 108 leads from valve 10S
to reservoir 90. Flow line 110 connects four-way valve
The mold beam sections have recesses at 42 along the
inside of the mold beams and have recesses 43 and 44
in the end beams which form a cavity for the mold 45.
103 to port 70' of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 67’.
Side removable liners 46 and end removable liners 50 Flow line 106’ leads from ñow line 106 to check valve
47 and 48 are suitably attached to the inner sides of the
1062. Flow line 112 passes through throttle valve 113
eam sections by tlat head screws 50 passing through the
to port 70’ in auxiliary cylinder 67'. Discharge line 114
liners and tapped in the mold beams. The inner sides
connects valve 103 to reservoir 90.
of the side removable liners 46 have a dovetail recess 51
Feed hopper 115, as shown in FIGURES 6 and 7, has
extending along the inner side of the liners and lying
a bottomless container 116 mounted on the end of rod
in a vertical plane. All the liners have a tapering side 51’
117 which is connected to double acting cylinder and
which converges toward the mold beam section walls from
ram 115’.
'
a thick end at 52 to a thin end at 53. Wedges 54 bear
In
the
operation
of
the
device
of
FIGURES
1
to
l0,
dovetails 55 which lit into dovetail recesses 51 and
engage the mold 45. Wedges 54 slidably ñt between 60 the _mold is lirst inserted in the mold table at the be
the liners and the mold. The mold suitably consisting of
sides 56 and ends 57 has extending about the outside of
the sides and ends a tongue 56' which engages groove 57
ginmng of the brick pressing operation. The gate 41 is
out of the mold table and held suspended above the mold
table 20‘by crosshead 81 which is secured to a hook
on the wedges 54. Set screws 5S pass through threaded
screwed in tapped hole 41’ by a suitable wire, rope, sling
holes 60 which line up longitudinally with each of the
wedges and bear against the thick end of the wedges 54.
Wedges 54 bearing dovetails 55 slidably engage the dove~
or the like (not shown).
The mold 45 is inserted.
. A mold‘cavity 61 extends through the center of the
tails 1n the liners 46 and 47.
mold 45. A suitable recess 62 extends through the mold
table in continuation of the mold cavity to provide an un
grooves 57 receive the tongues 56' of the mold box 45
The wedges 54 having
which is positioned in the mold table.
ì
Gate 41 is then lowered into position in recess 42
70
at the end of the mold table remote from the fixed end'
In the modilied Áform of the device shown in FIGURES
9 and 10, rectangular liners 46' and 47’ are secured by
beam by means of the sling and hook which connects
screws 50 alongside beam 31’ and end beam 32’. The
the gate to the upper movable plates. Tongues 38 on
mold box 45 has tongues 56’ which engage grooves 57’
the gate engage grooves 36 and 37 on the tubular guides
in liners 46’ and 47'.
75 33. The gate is allowed to seat on the mold. table at
obstructed opening through the mold table.
act/aseo
o
5
surface 42’. The sling and hook are disengaged from
the gate and crosshead after the gate is in place.
The top moving platen 2l is then lowered and mold
45 is positioned to coincide with upper punch 82 by
longitudinally shifting the wedges 5ft which are free to
slide between the mold sides §55 and 57 and the mold
beam section liners de, 47 and dit.
Set screws 53 are
through valve 165 to line lo? which leads to port 71.
This forces main hydraulic ram 72 upward in the cylin
der 67 along with crosshead 3l.
It will be noted that fluid from the opposite side of
hydraulic ram 72 flows out through port 7i), through line
lilo, through valve 155, to discharge line 193 into reser
Voir @il when the entablature is moving relatively down
ward on the hydraulic ram.
adjusted to mo-ve and hold the wedges in position. It
At the position of FÍGURE 7 and after the retraction
will be seen that the mold 45 will be held from hori
zontal movement by the wedges and mold beam sections 10 of the feed hop er from the hydraulic press, fluid from
low pressure high capacity constant delivery pump 97 is
while the mold will be held from vertical movement by
delivered to the upper port Fitl through flow line lil@ of
the tongue and groove interlock between the mold 45
valve §95, flow line lilo, valve lil‘S, and flow line lilo;
and the wedges 54 along the sides 57 of the mold. The
The hydraulic ram 72 moves rapidly downward with up
wedges will be interlocked with liners 5l which are se
cured to the mold beam sections by the dovetail lit at 15 per punch 82 contacting the brick-forming material .1.22.
¿t a preset position subsequent to the initial contact with
55. In this position the mold is securely held for press
ing of the bri-ck.
in the modilied form of the device shown in FIGURES
the brick-forming material 122 by the upper punch £2-,
is ready to form the bricks through its cycle of opera
through port 7l, line 167, through four-way valveylilS
valve Sio shuts off the llow from liow line tu@ and passes
the flow from feed line 95 from the high pressure low
9 and l0, the mold 45 is inserted from the side of the
mold table Zt» while the gate 39 is being held in a raised 20 capacity pump S7’ to feed line 10d through valve 165 to
line lido connecting with port 7d in the top of the main
position. The tongue 56' along one side and one end
hydraulic cylinder. The ram is forced downward under
of the mold ¿t5 engages groove 57’ in the liners 46’ and
high pressure and forces upper punch S2 into the mold
47’. Wedges 54 are inserted in the remaining side and
cavity 6l to form the pressed brick lill. The hydraulic
end and adjustment of the mold made with adjusting
25 tluid below the double acting main hydraulic ram 72 is
screws 58.
allowed to escape in the downward movement of the ram
After the mold d5 is in position and locked, the press
and discharge line i655.
tion. ln FÍGURE 6 the press head and the lower platen
During the time the main ram 72 is being forced
are shown in the fully raised position. it will be evident
that the press head 22 and the lower platen 23 will move 30 downward by the hydraulic fluid under high pressure,
iiuid from line lud is passed through line lilo', through
as a single unit due to the tie rod arrangement between
check valve w62, through line M2, through throttle valve
the columns 2d having shoulders 63 which receive the
M3, through line lill into port 76’ of the auxiliary cylin
top head and lower platen which are held in position by
ders 67’. rl`his will cause the top head and lower platen
upper nuts 65 and lower nuts 8d. The top head and
lower platen will be held in the uppermost position by 35 to slowly rise and thereby move the lower punch d'7,
forming the bottom of the mold, slowly upward in the
the hydraulic fluid lll which enters auxiliary cylinder
mold cavity, while the top moving platen 2i descends,
67’ through port ’ïil’ and acts against piston 72’ which
carrying the upper punch 82 into the mold cavity. This
will
give the effect of opposing moving punches and will
3h which are mounted in tapped holes 23 and extend ver
apply live pressure at the top and bottom of
tically upward from the base 2S. The hydraulic iluid 40 etïectively
the brick-forming material 1.22. When the brick has
9i has been pumped from reservoir hit through high
been pressed to its desired size as shown in FlGURE 5,
capacity pump 97 through line Mill, through valve w3
the high pressure iluid is cut ofi by valve 96 to ñow line
and through line liti into port 7d’.
lil@ and fluid from low pressure high capacity pump 97 is
Main hydraulic ram ‘72 is in its uppermost position
passed through valve ¿lo to valve E65. Valve lilä is so
in the main hydraulic cylinder 67. Piston rod 74, con
manipulated as to pass fluid through line lil? which
is in »fixed position at the end of stationary piston rods
nected to ram 72, holds crosshead S1 and mounting
punch Si?. in an upward retracted position.
In this po
sition the lower punch 37 has passed through the mold
tab-le recess 62; and into the mold cavity 6l. The top
lid of the lower punch is flush with the top M9 of the
mold.
A feed hopper IllS filled with a loose aggregate of
Ibrick-forming material lZZ is translated across the smooth
surface composed or“ upper surface il@ of lower punch
87 and upper surface 119 of the mold 45 as shown in
enters port ’7l at the lower end of the main hydraulic
cylinder o7. Line lilo from the cylinder 67 is connected
by valve "itlS to discharge line 168 and the duid above
ram 72 is allowed to pass to reservoir 90. The fluid will
not pass through line lilo’ to line H2 and into auxiliary
cylinder o7’ since the iiuid in auxiliary cylinder o7" is
under a higher pressure than the iiuid being discharged
through line iM. The fluid under pressure in cylinder
67’ is prevented from iiowing through line M2 and line
lilo’ into lilo by check valve lil-62.
Also during the time of the retraction of main ram ’72
into upper platen 22, valve lilß is passing fluid from low
pressure high capacity constant delivery pump 97' through
line lili; to line il@ which leads to port 7h' in auxiliary
FIGURE 6. The end l2@ of the feed hopper cornes in
contact `«vith a brick mi previously made and pushes
the brick from the mold table 2d. When the bottom
less container ille of the feed hopper 115 is in position
over the mold cavity, the upper and lower platens de 60 cylinder o7'. This acts to move the upper and lower
scend. Valve lids is manipulated to close line lull from
platens upward, since piston '72’ is stationary onv piston
the pump y? and open flow line ilu from the port ‘7h’
rod 3o connected to stationary base 25. Lower platen
to the discharge pipe ild- and allow fluid 91 trapped in
Z3 carryingy lower punch d'1' moves upward and ejects the
auxiliary cylinder 67’ to escape and permit the top head
finished brick lll upward. The brick is held on top
and lower platen to descend on pistons 72'. When the 65 of the lower punch lid flush with the top of the mold
lower platen 23 descends it carries with it lower punch
table il@ at the fully raised position of the top head
87 which forms the bottom of the mold cavity. This
and lower platen. The feed hopper is about to be moved
allows the brick-forming material 122 to descend into
in on a side table L23 to push the ñnished brick off the
the mold cavity 6l as sho-wn in FIGURE 7. The feed
press and to carry to the mold the new batch of brick
hopper lîlâ is then retracted by double-acting hydraulic 70 l’orming material i152. The cycle is now ready to repeat
cylinder and ram M5’. lt will be understood that the
itself.
r
top moving platen 2l is in its retracted position with
ln ETL/.EURES ll to 17 inclusive l illustrate a desirable
respect to press head 22. This is accomplished by in
form of the press of the invention, omitting however
the features of the construction of the mold box and
troducing fluid 91 from low pressure high capacity de
omitting in many cases the feeding hopper or shuttle box,
livery pump 97 through line iti-ti, through valve 96 and
3,078,546
7
8
.
_
which have already been illustrated in detail in respect to
iary hydraulic cylinder 67’. This has raised the lower
the form of FIGURES 1 to 8, and 9 and 10.
In FIGURES 1l to 17, the mold table 2G is supported
on a foundation 139. As in the form previously men
punches 87 until the molded brick 121 is level with the
tioned, an entablature consisting of a top head 22 and a
ferential area of prepressure rams 131, causing the top
moving platen 21 and the upper punch 82 to move up
wardly more rapidly than the lower punch 87 rises.
The upper punch thus reaches its upper position before
lower platen 23 is connected together by columns 24
which are supported and guided for vertical motion on
the mold table 20.
Single acting auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 67 ’ mounted
on the top head 22 of the entablature act on rods S0 which
are mounted on the mold table. The top moving platen
21 is guided on the columns 24 and operated by main ram
72 as already described, and the top moving platen car
ries the upper punches 82 while the lower platen 23 car
ries the lower punches 87 which enter the mold
cavities 61.
In this form of the invention, double-acting prepres
top of the table 20. As the brick nears the top of the
mold cavity, hydraulic liquid has been directed to the dif
the lower punch reaches its topmost position.
The upper position of the lower punch which makes
it flush with the top of the mold table 2t] is determined
when the collar«like column stops 194 engage the bottom
of the mold table as shown in FIGURE 13. The charging
box not shown in this form but operating as shown in
FIGURES 1 to 8 pushes the molded bricks 121 out of
the press and brings new charges to positions above the
mold cavities.
With the top head and lower platen in upper position
las shown in FIGURE 13, and the top moving platen
top head, while the rams are connected to the top 20 also in raised position and the prepressure rams 131 fully
retracted, the next step in the operation as shown in FIG'
moving platen and act parallel to the main ram.
URE 14 is achieved by opening holdup valve 181. Hy
By reference to the hydraulic system of FIGURE 17
sure rams 131 in prepressure cylinders 132 act on the
top moving platen, the cylinders being mounted on the
draulic liquid from auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 67' is
drained through line 190 and holdup valve 181 and by
passing the pumps goes through line 180 and two-way
valve 192 in open position, allowing the entablature with
the top head and lower platen to move down. By the
time the filling hopper is over the mold cavities, the lower
punches 87 have dropped to a preset filling position at
of suction. This valve is closed by means of an inter 30 which adjustable stops 195 in the top head, which suit~
it is there noted that an electric motor 133 drives a sole
noid controlled pump 134 which provides alternate out
going pressure lines 140 and 141 to a pretill valve 142
which includes the following features:
The preñll valve as shown on the drawing in the con
ventional valve illustration consists of a main large orifice
valve and seat which permits large volume ñow by means
nally contained pilot-pressure-operated three-way valve
which permits oil to be admitted into the large area of
ably screw up and down therein for adjustment, encounter
stop bumpers 196 on the mold table. The adjustment of
the valve. Also contained in the three-way pretill valve
the stops 195 is desirably accomplished by remote control,
suitably through electric motors, not shown.
Pump 134 applies pressure through line 140 and applies
suction to line 141 and this pressure is diverted through
is a port which opens and permits flow to the preñll tank.
pretill valve 142 to the full pressure area side of pre
a cylinder in which a ram opens the main oritice. The
same three-way valve will admit oil to the differential area
in the operating cylinder within the pretill valve to open
The preñll valve shown is entirely conventional in the
pressure cylinders 132. However holdup valve 168 is
open, permitting hydraulic liquid to escape from the dif
art.
From the preñll valve there is a line 16D passing to 40 ferential pressure side of prepressure cylinders 132, so
the main ram cylinder 67, a line 161 connected to both
that in effect the top moving platen 21 descends by grav
ity. The motion downward of the top moving platen has
pump lines 140 and 141, and connected to the full area
side of the prepressure cylinders 132 and also connected
been retarded with respect to the motion downward ofthe
to a check valve 162 closing in the direction away from
top head and lower platen because of delay in releasing
cylinders 132 and connected at the opposite side to sump
pressure from the differential area of the prepressure cyl
163. The preñll valve also has a line 164 to sump 163.
Prepressure cylinders 132 on the ditîerential pressure
side are connected by line 167 to one side of holdup valve
inders 132.
As top moving platen 21 moves downward it encounters
a limit switch 197 which causes holdup valve 168 to close,
168, the opposite side of which is connected to line 166.
and pressure which has already been supplied through
Line 166 is also connected to line 180, one side of which
line 140 to the full area side of prepressure rams 131 now
is connected to holdup valve 181 which connects by line 50 begins to force the prepressure rams against the charge,
190 to auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 67’ and the other side
to the limit of the pressure of the prepressure rams, elim
of holdup valve 181 connects ythrough check valve 191 to
inating air before the application of the main pressure.
The rapid advance of the upper moving platen between
sump 163.
Holdup valves 168 and 181 are suitably identical and
the position of FIGURE 14 and the position of FIGURE
15 is accomplished and controlled as hydraulic liquid is
are conventional valves which have the following features
pumped from the differential area of the prepressure
as shown by the conventional valve illustration on the
drawing. They consist of an integral pilot operated three
way valve and an integral pilot operated two-way valve
which together permit holding pressure on the inlet line
.cylinder 132, the upper moving platen moving down by
gravity.
In the meantime the main cylinder 67 is prefìlling
at a preset pressure and also free ñow through the valve 60 through preñll valve 142.
The relationship at the time of applying main cylinder
from the inlet to the outlet side.
Line 180 at the opposite end connects to two-way valve
pressure is shown in FIGURE 15.
192, the opposite side of which connects through line 193
A pressure switch 198 is then actuated, which shifts
pretill valve 142 connecting ports 4 and 1 to the main
to sump 163.
cylinder, and full pressure is applied.
The two-way valve 192 is suitably a conventional valve
in the art which has the following eharacterLtics as shown
During both the prepressing and final pressing stroke,
by the conventional valve illustration on the drawing.
two-way valves 192 and 202 are maintained normally
This valve is of spool type construction with the spool
closed andrhold up valve 181 is open permitting ñow of
lluid through line 180 into auxiliary hydraulic cylinders
being operated by pilot pressure exerted on a small double
70 67', applying pressure through line 190 to auxiliary hy
acting cylinder.
draulic cylinders 67' which slowly raises the entire en
ln operation of the form of FIGURES 11 to 17, start»
ing with the structure in the position of FIGURE 13, the
entablature including the top head and lower platen is
tablature and the top moving platen mounted on it by
means of the auxiliary cylinders moving slowly upward.
raised. This has been accomplished by opening holdup
This causes a wiping action under pressure between the
valve 181 and admitting hydraulic liquid into the auxil 75 mix in the mold and the sides of the mold cavity and the
3,078,540
9
10
eñect is as i-f live pressure were being applied to both the
top and the bottom of the material in the mold. The two
punches advance toward one another compacting the
really surrounded by the outer frame end members thus
assuring an extremely strong construction.
ln this form brackets 212 extend through Windows 213
molded material, and this greatly improves the quality of
in the outside frame end members 202 and connect with
auxiliary cylinder rams 30' which operate in auxiliary
hydraulic cylinders 6,7' mounted on brackets 21e on the
outside frame.
In the device of FIGURES 17 to 20 stops 194' secured
to the columns perform the functions of stops 194 and
The two punches advance toward one another until as
`shown in FlGURE 16, top moving platen 21 encounters 10 stops 1% or secured to the columns performs the func
the surface of the side of the molded product and is valu
able not only in brick molding but in molding powder
metallurgy metal compacts, salt blocks, abrasive articles
and the like.
stops 198 which suitably surround columns 24.
The stops 195 determine the thickness of the brick or
tions. of stops 198.
The outward motion of the entablature is adjustably
other molded object. When stops 195 are encountered
controlled by screw stops 195’ mounted on the entabla
movement effectively stops and pressure continues to
ture and engaging abutments 196' mounted on the outer
build up.
15 frame.
At the ultimate pressure, pressure switch ltltl operates
ln operation the form of FIGURES 17 to 20 is sim
preiill valve 142 and the pressure switch reverses pump
ilar to that already described except for the fact that the
134 so that it pumps out through line 166 and sucks in
columns are surrounded by and guided by the outer
through line 140, the pumping ñow passing through hold
frame, through the length between the top and the sta
up valve 1.63 into the differential area of prepressure 20 tionary mold, and also for a distance below the station
rams 131. The pump arrangement of the character de
ary mold as best seen in FÍGURES 17 and 19 and the
scribed by which reversal between pressure and suction
stops are somewhat differently constructed as shown.
on two lines lis accomplished is a conventional device well
The stops 19S' may be suitably intergeared as desired
known in the art as shown by the conventional illustration
so that the screws can be adjusted in unison.
on the drawing. 'Ihis returns the top moving platen at 25
It will be evident that one of the great advantages of
full speed to raised position as shown in FIGURE 13,
the invention is that it is not necessary to place any type
feeding the brick or other molded object from any down
of hydraulic mechanism beneath the mold table. This
ward acting pressure.
has been a frequent source of difîiculty in prior art de
The small pump 164’ keeps pumping into auxiliary
vices.
hydraulic cylinders> 67’ and oil from pumps 134 is di 30
ltA will also be evident that whereas the press of the
verted into line l'tl'll> through line 166 by the opening of
invention has only one main ram, it will give the same
ltwo-way valve 202 until stop 194 engages the bottom of
pressing action as a press which has both upper and
the mold table, at which point pressure switch 201 dis
lower full tonnage main rams.
connects motor 16S on small' pump 164'.
In view of my invention and disclosure, variations and
The use »of a separate motor and separate pump for 35 modiñcations to meet individual whim or particular need
the auxiliary cylinders is very desirable as i't starts mov
will doubtless become evident to others skilled in the art,
ing the entire entablature upward while molding is tak
to obtain all or part of the benefits of my invention with
ing place to improve the grain structure at the side of
out copying the structure shown, and I, therefore, claim
fthe molded object.
all such insofar as they fall within the reasonable spirit
The form of FIGURES 17 to 20 provides an overhead 40 and scope of my claims.
structure Ztìiì surrounded by standards 201 which are
Having thus described my invention what I claim as
secured to outer frame members ZtlZ which extend ver
new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
tically and are mounted by bolts 203 from the stationary
mold table 2t) supported on the foundation as previously
described, as by columns 204.
The outside frame members 202 at the ends are cross
connected at the top by front and back frame members
26S as best seen in FIGURES 17 and 19.
l. In a hydraulic press for molding brick and the like,
including a base, a mold box having an open bottom end
and an open top supported on the base, columns, a top
head mounted on the upper end of the columns, a lower
platen mounted on the lower end of the columns, the
top head and lower platen moving together as an entabla
rille general components -of the press are as previously
ture, bottom punch on the lower platen extending into the '
described. The entablature yin this case comprises a top 50 mold box, a main cylinder on the top head, a main ram
head 22’ and a lower platen 23’ which are connected to
in the main cylinder, and atop punch ultimately connected
gether by vertical columns 24', one at each end which are
to the main ram and adapted to enter the mold box in
keyed and bolted at the top and bottom in suitable man
combination with guides on the base for the columns,
ner. Each of the columns 2li’ is desirably of rectangular
means including auxiliary cylinders, pistons and piston
rods interconnecting the top head with the base and
adapted to move the entablature vertically, in combination
dimension in the direction toward the opposite column
with a cross-head connected to the main ram and guided
which is less than one third the dimension transverse
'thereto thus providing for great resistance to deforma
to move vertically, pre-pressure cylinders mounted on the
tion from load which is applied with the center rela
top head and having pistons and rods connected to the
tively forward of or relatively rearward of the center of 60 cross-head, means for energizing the pre-pressure cylinders
in opposite directions and means for applying pressure to
the mold activity.
The vertical outside frame elements 262' at the ends
the auxiliary cylinders to raise the entablature and cause
have a vertical groove recess 2&6 best seen in FIGURES
wiping action between the work and the side of the mold
while the main cylinders and the pre-pressure cylinders
17, 19 and 2O which receives and guides the columns 24'
there being guiding shoes 237 at the corners between the
are applying pressure to the top and bottom punches to
outside frame and members Ztl@ and the columns 2d'.
move the top and bottom punches toward one another.
At the positions opposite the top moving platen 21’ the
2. A hydraulic press for molding brick and the like,
form as best seen in FIGURES 19 and 20, having a
including a base, a mold box having an open bottom end
columns 24 are chamfered at ZtlS and engaged by anti
frictio-n metal guides 21@ secured on guiding sho-es 211
and an open top supported on the base, columns, a top
which are suitably fastened to the top moving platen.' 70 head mounted at the upper end of the columns, a lower
The first component for guiding of the top moving platen
platen mounted on the lower end of the columns, the top
head, the columns and the lower platen moving together
urges the columns 2st toward engagement with the guid
ing elements on lthe outer frame end members 2h12 thus
as an entablature, a bottom punch on the bottom platen
further pressing the column elements 24'.
extending into the bottom of the mold box and forming
lt will thus be evident that the column elements are 75 the bottom of the mold cavity, a main cylinder on the
3,078,540
12
11
top head and movable with the entablature, a main ram
in the main cylinder, a top punch mounted ultimately on
the main ram and entering the mold box, the main cylin
der and ram applying pressure to the top punch and to
the bottom punch so as to mold the work, in combina
tion with means for guiding the columns on the base, and
means including auxiliary cylinders, pistons and piston
head, a main ram in the main cylinder, a top punch
ultimately mounted on the main ram and adapted to
enter the mold box, in combination with means for guid
ing the columns on the base, means including auxiliary
Vpistons and piston rods interconnecting the top head with
the base and moving the entablature vertically, a cross
head connected to the main ram and guided to move
vertically, and pre-pressure cylinders mounted on the top
head and having pistons and rods connected to the cross
same direction at the same time that the top punch and 10 head and double-acting means for energizing the pre~pressure cylinders, said auxiliary cylinders lowering the entab
the bottom punch are moving toward one another and
lature to open the mold cavity while the top punch is
applying molding pressure to the work.
raised for lilling the mold, said pre-pressure cylinders
3. A hydraulic press having a base, a mold box hav
lowering the top punch and applying pressure between the
ing an open bottom end and open top supported on the
base, columns at opposite ends of the press, a top head 15 top and bottom punches to begin molding the work, said
main cylinder applying pressure to the top and bottom
mounted at upper ends of the columns, a lower platen
punches to complete the molding of the work and said
mounted at the lower ends of the columns, the top head
auxiliary cylinders moving the top and bottom punches
and the lower platen moving together as an entablature,
upwardly in the mold while the top and bottom punches
means for moving the entablature, a bottom punch on
rods interconnecting the entablature with the base and
moving the top punch and the bottom punch both in the
the lower platen, a main cylinder on the top head, a 20 are moving toward one another.
6. A press of claim 5, in combination with means
main ram in the main cylinder and a top punch ultimate~
acting between the lower platen and the base for restrict
1y connected to the main ram and adapted to enter the
ing the upper movement of the entablature to place the
mold box, in combination with an outside frame includ
top of the bottom punch on a level with the top of the
ing vertical members on both ends of the press, there
being a vertical groove at each end of the press in the 25 mold box.
outside frame, guides for the columns in the vertical
References Cited in the file of this patent
grooves of the outside frame, said columns having a
dimension parallel to the direction defined by a line con
UNITED STATES PATENTS
necting the columns at opposite ends of the press which
1,003,987
Cotton et al ___________ __ Sept. 26, 1911
is less than one-third the transverse dimension, and a cross 30
head connected to the main ram and guiding the top
punch.
4. A hydraulic press of claim 3, having windows
through the outside frame at the ends, and brackets on
the columns extending through the windows and means 35
for moving the entablature including cylinders and rams
mounted outside the frame and interconnected with the
brackets.
5. A hydraulic press for molding brick and the like in
cluding a base, a mold box having an open bottom end 40
and an open top supported on the base, columns, a top
head mounted on the upper ends of the columns, a lower
platen mounted on the lower ends of the columns, the
top head, lower platen and the columns moving together
as an entablature, a bottom punch on the lower platen
extending into the mold box, a main cylinder on the top
1,765,626
1,860,075
1,958,199
2,309,944
2,320,759
2,398,227
2,569,226
2,775,016
2,831,230
2,877,531
2,962,790
Stacy _______________ __ June 24,
Byerlein _____________ __ May 24,
Morin _______________ _.. May 8,
Flowers ______________ __. Feb. 2,
1930
1932
1934
1943
` Stacy ________________ ..._ June 1, 1943
Hubbert ______________ __ Apr. 9,
Carter ______________ __ Sept. 25,
Dubois et al. _________ __ Dec. 25,
Neth et al. __________ __ Apr. 22,
Heine _______________ -_ Mar. 17,
Daniel _______________ __ Dec. 6,
1946
1951
1956
1958
1959
1960
FOREIGN PATENTS
16,808
101,065
Great Britain _________ __ Oct. 22, 1890
Australia ____________ -_ Mar. 27, 1937