PEP 5705/8/20151 Chapter Two: Dr. Frankena So you won’t get knocked out in Philosophic verbiage....

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Presentation on theme: "PEP 5705/8/20151 Chapter Two: Dr. Frankena So you won’t get knocked out in Philosophic verbiage...."— Presentation transcript:

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PEP 5705/8/20151 Chapter Two: Dr. Frankena So you won’t get knocked out in Philosophic verbiage....

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PEP 5705/8/20152 What is Frankena’s focus in his discussion of chapter two?

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PEP 5705/8/20153 Normative Ethics Which is what?

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PEP 5705/8/20154 In our Mock Problems we have been practicing casuistry...

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PEP 5705/8/20155 “a moralist trying to provide ethical guidance by making a long list of specific situation, describing them and telling us what we should do in each case.”

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PEP 5705/8/20156 What is a teleological case? u teleological theory says that the basic or ultimate criterion or standard of what is morally right, wrong, obligatory is the non moral value that is brought into being? What does this mean?

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PEP 5705/8/20158 We do not make moral decisions upon moral values why? u circular arguments....what are they?

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PEP 5705/8/20159 What is a deontological argument? according to Frankena?

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PEP 5705/8/ Contend that it is possible for an action or rule of action to be the morally right or obligatory one even if it does not promote the greatest possible balance of good over evil for self, society, or universe.

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PEP 5705/8/ What is an act deontological theory? Different classes of deontic and teleological theories...

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PEP 5705/8/ The standard or right and wrong consists of one or more rules. Basic rules independent of amount of good derived.

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PEP 5705/8/ What is an ethical egoist? does not refer to the Freudian concept, necessarily but in the theoretical.

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PEP 5705/8/ Ethical Egoist... u one and only basic obligation is to promote the greatest possible balance of good over evil for self. He/she alone is the moral spectator, advisor and judge. u in making second/third person judgments, go by what is to one’s own advantage.

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PEP 5705/8/ Ethical egoists..hedonist u Epicurean way of life...good or welfare = happiness and happiness with pleasure. Pleasure may also be knowledge, poser, self realization, life of pleasure, knowledge, and other good things.

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PEP 5705/8/ Everyone must act or judge by the standard of his own advantage in terms of good and evil.

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PEP 5705/8/ What is psychological egoism? What does Frankena say about it?

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PEP 5705/8/ is not acceptable in any terms......

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PEP 5705/8/ What is wrong with an act - deontological theory?

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PEP 5705/8/ Errors.... u It is practically impossible to do in any consistent or reliable fashion. u How often do we have time to think through the problem? u We need rules to live by.

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PEP 5705/8/ Rule Deontology u An exception to a rule is no more than giving way to another rule, the only problem is rank ordering according to importance.

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PEP 5705/8/ Prima Facie/Actual Duty u Prima Facie Duty - a set of rules that have no exceptions, by conceiving of them as rules of prima facie. u Actual Duty: rules that occur in actual situations. u Problem: Can we set down all the rules.

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PEP 5705/8/ What is Divine Command? How is it a rule deontological theory? How is it an ethical egoist theory?

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PEP 5705/8/ Divine Command u The rules are made by the divine will of God. It is a rule deontological theory because the rules are set by God and man is not to undo the rules. u It can be an ethical egoist rule because man does so as God wills or “man will suffer the consequences”.

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PEP 5705/8/ What is Kant’s Categorical Imperative?

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PEP 5705/8/ Kant’s Categorical Imperative u Act only on that maxim which you can at the same time will to be universal law. u acting voluntarily u freely choose u judging from the moral point of will to universalize u action, right or wrong, if can be consistent in similar circumstances.