Chapter

Observed lessons

When they have just completed a long journey and are not formed up
for battle.

When they have just eaten or are still setting up camp.

If they are moving in a disordered way.

When they have been working hard.

When they have not got territorial or geographic advantage.

When their timing is wrong.

When their flags and other indicators are moving chaotically.

When they have come a long way and are not rested.

When only half of them have crossed a river or other such obstacle.

When they are on treacherous terrain or narrow roads.

When their formations are changing often.

When leaders are separated from their soldiers.

When they are afraid.

Discussion

There are times when you need to be careful when you attack and there are
others when you can spot a weakness and determine that a rapid attack will be
successful. Many of the above situations indicate that unreadiness of your enemy
is a critical factor, as is them being in a state where they are unable to form
up to defend themselves.