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The CITIUS Laboratory was setup in 2014 at the University of Nova Gorica (Slovenia), as the result of the CITIUS project, funded by the Italy-Slovenia Cross-Border Cooperation Programme 2007-2013.

The laboratory hosts an ultrafast light source capable of generating femtosecond pulses spanning the spectrum from the infrared (through the use of an optical parametric amplifier) to the x-ray spectral region (through high-harmonic generation in gas). Such pulses are used in a pump-probe configuration for time-resolved photoemission studies.

Research focuses on ultrafast response of electrons in topological insulators, superconductors, and metal/organic interfaces, with potential use, e.g., in spintronics and energy harvesting, and on the development of novel schemes for generating short-wavelength light with exotic properties, such as optical vortices, i.e., light carrying orbital angular momentum.

Research highlights

CITIUS generates intense, very short pulses from the infrared (IR) to the extreme ultraviolet (XUV). XUV pulses (14-80 eV) are produced using high-harmonic generation in gas. The systems includes an XUV monochromator that can either preserve the time structure of radiation or provide high wavelength resolution. The set-up allows combining IR, visible and ultraviolet laser pulses with XUV radiation in pump-probe experiments. C. Grazioli et al., dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4864298

We designed a double-configuration grating monochromator for the spectral selection of extreme-ultraviolet pulses produced by the CITIUS source. The system can work in two configurations: the offplane geometry which preserves the time structure of the pulse or the classical gemoetry which provides high wavelength resolution. L. Poletto et al., doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.005879

We use element-resolved IR-pump/extreme ultraviolet-probe experiments to disentangle the ultrafast interplay of the magnetic sublattices in the case of the FeRh alloy, which shows a delayed response for the different components. S. Güntheret al., doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.90.180407

The laboratory is equipped with an ultrafast Ti:Sa laser system, a high-harmonic generation beamline, an optical parametric amplifier, and two experimental chambers (one with a classical hemispherical analyzer and another one with an angle-resolved time-of-flight spectrometer) for time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. One of the chambers is also equipped with an x-ray source for static, high-resolution x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The ultrafast light source can be connected to an external experimental chamber provided by the user.

Being part of the University of Nova Gorica, the laboratory hosts undergraduate and graduate students (internal or external) working on their diploma, master or PhD theses.

The laboratory team performs two types of experiments:
- short-term measurements carried out as support for other laboratories or external users
- experiments related to long-term projects lead by the internal team.