"Data caps create challenges for consumers and run the risk of undermining innovation in the digital economy if they are imposed bluntly and not designed to truly manage network congestion," Wyden said in a statement.

Among other things, the proposal demands a standardized method for measuring data and also questions data caps altogether. That's because it grants the Federal Communications Commission with regulatory power over data-cap pricing.

"The commission shall evaluate a data cap proposed by an internet service provider to determine whether the data cap functions to reasonably limit network congestion in a manner that does not unnecessarily discourage use of the internet," according to the proposal.

That means internet companies might have to explain why the caps are imposed at low-traffic times, such as in the middle of the night.

The proposal was immediately applauded by the digital rights group Public Knowledge.

"Data caps create an artificial scarcity in the broadband market that limits consumer choice and hinders the creation of new competitive content online," Christopher Lewis, the group's vice president, said in a statement.

For the moment, the proposal is going nowhere as lawmakers are expected to adjourn for the year in the coming days.