1.Apartheid: a social policy or racial segregation involving political and economic and legal discrimination against non-whites

2.Balkanization: Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities

3.Balkanized: A small geographic area that could not successfully be organized into one or more stable states because it was inhabited by many ethnicities with complex, long-standing antagonisms toward each other.

4.Blockbusting: Illegal practice of inducing homeowners to sell their properties by telling them that a certain people of a certain race, national origin or religion are moving into the area

5.Centrifugal force: a force that divides people and countries

6.Centripetal force: An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state

7.Enclave: an enclosed territory that is culturally distinct from the foreign territory that surrounds it

8.Ethnic cleansing: the mass expulsion and killing of one ethic or religious group in an area by another ethnic or religious group in that area

9.Ethnicity: Identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions.

10.Multiethnic state: A state that contains more than one ethnicity

11.Multinational state: State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities.

12.Nationalism: love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it

13.Nationality: the status of belonging to a particular nation by birth or naturalization

14.Nation-state: A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality

15.Part nation state: single nation spread across several states

16.Pluralism: A state in which people of all races and ethnicities are distinct but have equal social standing

17.Race: people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock

18.Racism: Belief that one racial group is superior to another

19.Self determination: the ability of a government to determine their own course of their own free will