Ned O’Gorman, 84, Dies; Poet Founded Innovative Harlem School

Ned O’Gorman, an award-winning poet who gained his widest attention for starting a storefront school in Harlem — a “liberation camp,” he called it — to bring literature, Latin and love to disadvantaged children, died on Friday at his home in Manhattan. He was 84.

Mr. O’Gorman said he was inspired to open his school, in 1966, by reading radical education theorists like Paul Goodman. But the reality was simpler. “I was merely a fool poet,” he said, “with nothing but poetry in his bag, hoping the energy and joy that brought poems from chaos would carry me to the children.”

The school, the Children’s Storefront, has flourished in three adjoining townhouses on East 129th Street, becoming a fully accredited, tuition-free school with a $4 million budget and a student body of about 170 children, from prekindergarten through eighth grade.

Mr. O’Gorman’s story began as a struggle for identity in a wealthy but troubled family that had ties to French royalty.

Edward Charles O’Gorman was born in Manhattan on Sept. 26, 1929, to Annette de Bouthillier-Chavigny and Samuel Franklin Engs O’Gorman. He grew up in Southport, Conn., and Bradford, Vt. By his account, the family lived on inherited money in a high-society whirl, at least until the pile of money had been slowly frittered away. Many years later, he wrote that he had felt neglected by everyone but his nanny and had lived in a world of imaginary friends.

He also grew up hiding his homosexuality, he wrote in a 2006 memoir, “The Other Side of Loneliness.” He said he had been “wounded into poetry.”

He graduated from St. Michael’s College in Vermont and earned a master’s degree from Columbia, where the poet Mark Van Doren, one of his teachers, praised his poems. He had begun to develop a distinctive, passionate literary voice ripe with exuberant metaphor and concerned with social justice.

In all, Mr. O’Gorman published a half-dozen books of poetry, the second of which, “The Night of the Hammer,” won a Lamont Poetry Prize from the Academy of American Poets in 1958. The poems told of the tumult of a young writer not out for parental approval. In one he wrote, “Bring it down, the whole confusion/with no jot withheld, no delusion.”

He said that after a trip to Europe, where he stayed in an Austrian monastery, he decided to be a priest but was twice rejected — by the rector at St. Joseph’s Seminary in Dunwoodie, N.Y., who told him he regarded poets as unstable, and by a Benedictine monastery after a psychological test. Mr. O’Gorman believed that the abbot suspected that he was gay.

In his early years Mr. O’Gorman, a tall man with a longshoreman’s build, lived in Greenwich Village, where he was active in Dorothy Day’s Catholic Worker Movement. (In later years he lived in relative luxury near Lincoln Center and the ballet and opera that his mother had taught him to love.) In 1965, the State Department employed him to teach American studies in Chile, Argentina and Brazil.

By the mid-1960s, Mr. O’Gorman was literary editor of the Roman Catholic magazine Jubilee. He corresponded with intellectual luminaries like Susan Sontag and Thomas Merton and later collected their thoughts in the book “Prophetic Voices: Ideas and Words on Revolution” 1969). He was awarded two Guggenheim fellowships.

All the while he was searching for a way to combine his political, religious and poetic urges. He found it in Harlem, where he was working as a volunteer for a Catholic antipoverty program. As he told The Daily News of New York in 2006, a priest had challenged him: “There’s a storefront on Madison Avenue and 129th Street, and if you want to do something with it, you can have it.”

Mr. O’Gorman collected donations, using his social connections, and two months later started a children’s library in the store, naming it after Addie Mae Collins, one of four black children killed in the 1963 bombing of a church in Birmingham, Ala.

To Mr. O’Gorman, each child — or “angelic spirit,” in his phrase — demanded special treatment. One boy couldn’t speak a word at age 3, but he had perfect pitch, so teachers used music to teach him the rudiments of speech.

Children responded by calling Mr. O’Gorman “Neddie Boy.” He hugged every child at the beginning of the day. If one failed to appear, he sent a car for him. When a reporter for The News asked what was so special about him, a girl named Willow replied, “Love.”

“Ned was often the only person in their lives who believed in them,” said Elsie Vanderbilt Aidinoff, who taught at the school and was chairwoman of its board.

In 1981, the preschool became an elementary school, starting with four kindergartners. Mr. O’Gorman helped graduates get into elite public high schools like the Bronx High School of Science and private ones like Dalton, but he was equally devoted to students with special needs. There were no admission standards.

By the late 1990s, the school had acquired larger quarters on East 129th Street and was boasting college graduates; the first earned a degree from Haverford College in Pennsylvania in 1994. There were disappointments, though they were rare. One of the few students Mr. O’Gorman ever asked to leave the school was shot by police officers while trying to rob a store. In the 13-year-old’s pocket were 35 vials of crack.

In 1998, the Storefront’s trustees, seeking to stiffen the curriculum and build an endowment, saw the freewheeling Mr. O’Gorman as not suitable for the task. They grew frustrated with his reluctance to find a successor, even as he said one was needed, and finally compelled him to retire. He attributed the ouster to his “poetic inability to contain myself.”

Mr. O’Gorman did not escape criticism from other quarters. After he urged in an article in The New York Times in 1975 that the government be more assertive in taking children away from abusive parents, readers wrote letters accusing him of elitism and of disrespecting Harlem families.

The child psychiatrist and author Robert Coles, who was otherwise an admirer, wrote in a review of Mr. O’Gorman’s 1978 book, “The Children Are Dying,” that Mr. O’Gorman made it easy for people to dismiss him for “peddling his noblesse oblige, his clever generalizations and his self-dramatizing stories.”

The same year Mr. O’Gorman retired from the Storefront, he started a new preschool, the Ricardo O’Gorman Garden and Center for Resources in the Humanities, on West 129th Street. The name was in memory of a son he had raised from diapers and adopted. Ricardo had died of AIDS two years earlier at 26. The school, informally known as the Garden, continues to thrive.

Correction:

An obituary on Saturday about Ned O’Gorman, a poet who started a storefront school in Harlem, misstated the number of black children killed in the bombing of a church in Birmingham, Ala., in 1963. It was four, not three. (Mr. O’Gorman named a children’s library after one of the victims, Addie Mae Collins.)

A version of this article appears in print on , on Page D6 of the New York edition with the headline: Ned O’Gorman, 84, a Poet Who Founded an Innovative School in Harlem, Is Dead. Order Reprints | Today’s Paper | Subscribe