Launched as Grampian Range for Furness, Withy & Co Ltd, Liverpool. Completed in April 1914 as Orange River for British Empire Steam Navigation Co Ltd (Houlder Bros & Co), West Hartlepool. 1934 sold to Greece and renamed Garoufalia.

Notes on event

At 08.19 hours on 11 Dec 1939 the neutral Garoufalia was hit by one torpedo from U-38, while proceeding inside the Norwegian territorial waters. The torpedo struck in the engine room and killed the crew on watch below. She was sunk with a second torpedo 30 minutes after the first. The survivors, among them two Norwegian pilots, were picked up by the Norwegian steam merchant Tellus. They had observed the U-boat before the attack and this proved to both British and Norwegian authorities that German U-boats operated inside Norwegian territorial waters. This was a huge propaganda blunder for the Germans and they did not send other U-boats on such patrols. U-38 operated as far east as Murmansk and Liebe disregarded all respect of neutral shipping or warning before attack. But most torpedoes failed or missed.

Location of attack on Garoufalia.

ship sunk.

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