based upon my independent review of the evidence and my nearly 25 years of experience as a career prosecutor of sex-related and other crimes in Arizona. This memorandum does not necessarily reflect the views of the Chairman, any committee member, or any other senator. No senator reviewed or approved this memorandum before its release, and I was not pressured in any way to write this memorandum or to write any words in this memorandum with which I do not fully agree. The words written in this memorandum are mine, and I fully stand by all of them. While I am a registered Republican, I am not a political or partisan person.

2. A Senate confirmation hearing is not a trial, especially not a prosecution. The Chairman made the following statement on September 25, 2018, after he hired me:

As I have said, I’m committed to providing a forum to both Dr. Ford and Judge Kavanaugh on Thursday that is safe, comfortable and dignified. The majority members have followed the bipartisan recommendation to hire as staff counsel for the committee an experienced career sex-crimes prosecutor to question the witnesses at Thursday’s hearing. The goal is to de-politicize the process and get to the truth, instead of grandstanding and giving senators an opportunity to launch their presidential campaigns. I’m very appreciative that Rachel Mitchell has stepped forward to serve in this important and serious role. Ms. Mitchell has been recognized in the legal community for her experience and objectivity. I’ve worked to give Dr. Ford an opportunity to share serious allegations with committee members in any format she’d like after learning of the allegations. I promised Dr. Ford that I would do everything in my power to avoid a repeat of the ‘circus’ atmosphere in the hearing room that we saw the week of September 4. I’ve taken this additional step to have questions asked by expert staff counsel to establish the most fair and respectful treatment of the witnesses possible.

That is how I approached my job. There is no clear standard of proof for allegations made during the Senate’s confirmation process. But the world in which I work is the legal world, not the political world. Thus, I can only provide my assessment of Dr. Ford’s allegations in that legal context.

1In the legal context, here is my bottom line: A “he said, she said” case is incredibly difficultto prove. But this case is even weaker than that. Dr. Ford identified other witnesses to theevent, and those witnesses either refuted her allegations or failed to corroborate them. Forthe reasons discussed below, I do not think that a reasonable prosecutor would bring thiscase based on the evidence before the Committee. Nor do I believe that this evidence issufficient to satisfy the preponderance-of-the-evidence standard.

Dr. Ford has not offered a consistent account of when the alleged assault happened. • In a July 6 text to the Washington Post, she said it happened in the “mid 1980s.” • In her July 30 letter to Senator Feinstein, she said it happened in the “early 80s.” • Her August 7 statement to the polygrapher said that it happened one “high school summer in early 80’s,” but she crossed out the word “early” for reasons she did not explain. • A September 16 Washington Post article reported that Dr. Ford said it happened in the “summer of 1982.” • Similarly, the September 16 article reported that notes from an individual therapy session in 2013 show her describing the assault as occurring in her “late teens.” But she told the Post and the Committee that she was 15 when the assault allegedly occurred. She has not turned over her therapy records for the Committee to review. • While it is common for victims to be uncertain about dates, Dr. Ford failed to explain how she was suddenly able to narrow the timeframe to a particular season and particular year.

Dr. Ford has struggled to identify Judge Kavanaugh as the assailant by name. • No name was given in her 2012 marriage therapy notes. • No name was given in her 2013 individual therapy notes. • Dr. Ford’s husband claims to recall that she identified Judge Kavanaugh by name in 2012. At that point, Judge Kavanaugh’s name was widely reported in the press as a potential Supreme Court nominee if Governor Romney won the presidential election. • In any event, it took Dr. Ford over thirty years to name her assailant. Delayed disclosure of abuse is common so this is not dispositive.

When speaking with her husband, Dr. Ford changed her description of the incident to becomeless specific. • Dr. Ford testified that she told her husband about a “sexual assault” before they were married. • But she told the Washington Post that she informed her husband that she was the victim of “physical abuse” at the beginning of their marriage. • She testified that, both times, she was referring to the same incident.

Dr. Ford has no memory of key details of the night in question—details that could helpcorroborate her account. • She does not remember who invited her to the party or how she heard about it. • She does not remember how she got to the party.

2 • She does not remember in what house the assault allegedly took place or where that house was located with any specificity. • Perhaps most importantly, she does not remember how she got from the party back to her house. o Her inability to remember this detail raises significant questions. o She told the Washington Post that the party took place near the Columbia Country Club. The Club is more than 7 miles from her childhood home as the crow flies, and she testified that it was a roughly 20-minute drive from her childhood home. o She also agreed for the first time in her testimony that she was driven somewhere that night, either to the party or from the party or both. o Dr. Ford was able to describe hiding in the bathroom, locking the door, and subsequently exiting the house. She also described wanting to make sure that she did not look like she had been attacked. o But she has no memory of who drove her or when. Nor has anyone come forward to identify him or herself as the driver. o Given that this all took place before cell phones, arranging a ride home would not have been easy. Indeed, she stated that she ran out of the house after coming downstairs and did not state that she made a phone call from the house before she did, or that she called anyone else thereafter. • She does, however, remember small, distinct details from the party unrelated to the assault. For example, she testified that she had exactly one beer at the party and was taking no medication at the time of the alleged assault.

Dr. Ford’s account of the alleged assault has not been corroborated by anyone she identified ashaving attended—including her lifelong friend. • Dr. Ford has named three people other than Judge Kavanaugh who attended the party— Mark Judge, Patrick “PJ” Smyth, and her lifelong friend Leland Keyser (née Ingham). Dr. Ford testified to the Committee that another boy attended the party, but that she could not remember his name. No others have come forward. • All three named eyewitnesses have submitted statements to the Committee denying any memory of the party whatsoever. Most relevantly, in her first statement to the Committee, Ms. Keyser stated through counsel that, “[s]imply put, Ms. Keyser does not know Mr. Kavanaugh and she has no recollection of ever being at a party or gathering where he was present, with, or without, Dr. Ford.” In a subsequent statement to the Committee through counsel, Ms. Keyser said that “the simple and unchangeable truth is that she is unable to corroborate [Dr. Ford’s allegations] because she has no recollection of the incident in question.” o Moreover, Dr. Ford testified that her friend Leland, apparently the only other girl at the party, did not follow up with Dr. Ford after the party to ask why she had suddenly disappeared.

Dr. Ford has not offered a consistent account of the alleged assault. • According to her letter to Senator Feinstein, Dr. Ford heard Judge Kavanaugh and Mark Judge talking to other partygoers downstairs while she was hiding in the bathroom after the alleged assault. But according to her testimony, she could not hear them talking to anyone.

3 o In her letter, she stated, “I locked the door behind me. Both loudly stumbled down the stairwell, at which point other persons at the house were talking with them.” o She testified that Judge Kavanaugh or Mark Judge turned up the music in the bedroom so that the people downstairs could not hear her scream. She testified that, after the incident, she ran into the bathroom, locked the door, and heard them going downstairs. But she maintained that she could not hear their conversation with others when they got downstairs. Instead, she testified that she “assum[ed]” a conversation took place. • Her account of who was at the party has been inconsistent. o According to the Washington Post’s account of her therapy notes, there were four boys in the bedroom in which she was assaulted. o She told the Washington Post that the notes were erroneous because there were four boys at the party, but only two in the bedroom. o In her letter to Senator Feinstein, she said “me and 4 others” were present at the party. o In her testimony, she said there were four boys in addition to Leland Keyser and herself. She could not remember the name of the fourth boy, and no one has come forward. o Dr. Ford listed Patrick “PJ” Smyth as a “bystander” in her statement to the polygrapher and in her July 6 text to the Washington Post, although she testified that it was inaccurate to call him a bystander. She did not list Leland Keyser even though they are good friends. Leland Keyser’s presence should have been more memorable than PJ Smyth’s.

Dr. Ford has struggled to recall important recent events relating to her allegations, and hertestimony regarding recent events raises further questions about her memory. • Dr. Ford struggled to remember her interactions with the Washington Post. o Dr. Ford could not remember if she showed a full or partial set of therapy notes to the Washington Post reporter.  She does not remember whether she showed the Post reporter the therapist’s notes or her own summary of those notes. The Washington Post article said that “portions” of her “therapist’s notes” were “provided by Ford and reviewed by” the Post. But in her testimony, Dr. Ford could not recall whether she summarized the notes for the reporter or showed her the actual records. o She does not remember if she actually had a copy of the notes when she texted the Washington Post WhatsApp account on July 6.  Dr. Ford said in her first WhatsApp message to the Post that she “ha[d] therapy notes talking about” the incident when she contacted the Post’s tipline. She testified that she had reviewed her therapy notes before contacting the Post to determine whether the mentioned anything about the alleged incident, but could not remember if she had a copy of those notes, as she said in her WhatsApp message, or merely reviewed them in her therapist’s office. • Dr. Ford refused to provide any of her therapy notes to the Committee.

4 • Dr. Ford’s explanation of why she disclosed her allegations the way she did raises questions. o She claimed originally that she wished for her story to remain confidential, but the person operating the tipline at the Washington Post was the first person other than her therapist or husband to whom she disclosed the identity of her alleged attacker. She testified that she had a “sense of urgency to relay the information to the Senate and the president.” She did not contact the Senate, however, because she claims she “did not know how to do that.” She does not explain why she knew how to contact her Congresswoman but not her Senator. • Dr. Ford could not remember if she was being audio- or video-recorded when she took the polygraph. And she could not remember whether the polygraph occurred the same day as her grandmother’s funeral or the day after her grandmother’s funeral. o It would also have been inappropriate to administer a polygraph to someone who was grieving.

Dr. Ford’s description of the psychological impact of the event raises questions. • She maintains that she suffers from anxiety, claustrophobia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). o The date of the hearing was delayed because the Committee was informed that her symptoms prevent her from flying. But she agreed during her testimony that she flies “fairly frequently for [her] hobbies and … work.” She flies to the mid- Atlantic at least once a year to visit her family. She has flown to Hawaii, French Polynesia, and Costa Rica. She also flew to Washington, D.C. for the hearing. o Note too that her attorneys refused a private hearing or interview. Dr. Ford testified that she was not “clear” on whether investigators were willing to travel to California to interview her. It therefore is not clear that her attorneys ever communicated Chairman Grassley’s offer to send investigators to meet her in California or wherever she wanted to meet to conduct the interview. • She alleges that she struggled academically in college, but she has never made any similar claim about her last two years of high school. • It is significant that she used the word “contributed” when she described the psychological impact of the incident to the Washington Post. Use of the word “contributed” rather than “caused” suggests that other life events may have contributed to her symptoms. And when questioned on that point, said that she could think of “nothing as striking as” the alleged assault.

The activities of congressional Democrats and Dr. Ford’s attorneys likely affected Dr. Ford’saccount. • See the included timeline for details.

5 Timeline Date Event Description/Notes Citation Ford called Eshoo’s office and requested a Hearing testimony; Casey Tolan, Congresswoman Anna meeting. A staffer spoke with Ford in Eshoo First To Hear Blasey Ford’s Story: ‘I Told Her I advance of the meeting. Believed Her,’ Mercury News (Sep. 18, 2018), https:// www.mercurynews.com/2018/09/18/christine-blasey-ford- Ford speaks with Rep. In her letter to Senator Feinstein, Ford first-meeting-anna-eshoo-brett-kavanaugh/; Read the Eshoo’s staff. wrote, “On July 6 I notified my local Letter Christine Blasey Ford Sent Accusing Brett July 6 government representative to ask them Kavanaugh of Sexual Misconduct, CNN (Sep. 17, 2018), how to proceed . . . .” https://www.cnn.com/2018/09/16/politics/blasey-ford- kavanaugh-letter-feinstein/index.html. Ford texts the Identifies “Brett Kavanaugh with Mark Hearing Testimony; Produced documents Washington Post Judge” as her attacker and says that “PJ” tipline using was a “bystander.” She says she WhatsApp. “shouldn’t be quiet” about her allegations. Ford speaks with Hearing testimony July 9 Eshoo’s staff on the phone. Ford contacts the “Been advised to contact senators or Produced documents July 10 Washington Post again. NYT. Haven’t heard back from WaPo.”At some point Ford speaks with Brown was the reporter who ultimately Hearing testimonybetween July Emma Brown, a responded to the WhatsApp entries. 10 and Washington PostSeptember 16 reporter. Ford meets with Hearing testimony July 18 Eshoo’s staff. Ford and Eshoo met for “more than an Hearing testimony; Casey Tolan, Congresswoman Anna hour and half” in a “conference room.” Eshoo First To Hear Blasey Ford’s Story: ‘I Told Her I Ford speaks with July 20 Eshoo suggested that she write a letter Believed Her,’ Mercury News (Sep. 18, 2018), Eshoo. detailing her claims to Senator Feinstein. https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/09/18/christine- blasey-ford-first-meeting-anna-eshoo-brett-kavanaugh/. “Eshoo said she hasn’t met with the Hearing testimony; Casey Tolan, Congresswoman Anna The letter, dated July professor since that July afternoon, Eshoo First To Hear Blasey Ford’s Story: ‘I Told Her I 30, is delivered to July 30 although her staff has been in contact with Believed Her,’ Mercury News (Sep. 18, 2018), https:// Senator Feinstein’s her since she came forward.” www.mercurynews.com/2018/09/18/christine-blasey-ford- D.C. office. first-meeting-anna-eshoo-brett-kavanaugh/. The letter promises not to share Ford’s Hearing testimony Senator Feinstein letter without her explicit consent. Ford July 31 writes a return letter to did not provide this letter to the Ford. Committee.Between July Hearing testimony Ford speaks by phone30 and August with Senator Feinstein. 7 Ford speaks with Hearing testimonyBetween July Senator Feinstein’s30 and August staff, who recommends 7 that she engage Debra Katz. Ford engages Debra Hearing testimonyBetween July Katz to represent her30 and August with regard to her 7 allegations. Ford took a polygraph test administered Hearing Testimony; Emma Brown, California Professor, by a former FBI agent. Katz provided the Writer of Confidential Brett Kavanaugh Letter, Speaks Out results to the Washington Post. They About Her Allegation of Sexual Assault, Washington Post Ford takes a polygraph showed that she “was being truthful when (Sep. 16, 2018), https://www. August 7 test after she engages she said a statement summarizing her washingtonpost.com/investigations/california-professor- Katz. allegations was accurate.” writer-of-confidential-brett-kavanaugh-letter-speaks-out- about-her-allegation-of-sexual- assault/2018/09/16/46982194-b846-11e8-94eb- 3bd52dfe917b story.html. Hearing Testimony; Michael Macagnone & Jimmy Senator Feinstein meets Hoover, Kavanaugh Meets Top Senate Dem Opposing His August 20 one-on-one with Confirmation, Law360 (Aug. 20, 2018), Kavanaugh. https://www.law360.com/articles/1075169/kavanaugh- meets-top-senate-dem-opposing-his-confirmation. Senator Feinstein’s Senator Feinstein’s staff asked Judge Committee records staff participates in the Kavanaugh numerous questions about August 28 first Background confidential background information. Investigation (BI) call. Senator Feinstein promises that “she Hearing testimony Senator Feinstein August 31 would not share [Dr. Ford’s July 30] letter writes Dr. Ford a letter without [Dr. Ford’s] explicit consent.” SJC holds a public Committee recordsSeptember 4- hearing on 7 Kavanaugh’s nomination. SJC gives Senators an Senator Feinstein does not attend closed Committee records opportunity to question session.September 6 Kavanaugh about sensitive issues at a closed session. The Intercept reports The article reported that a letter in the Ryan Grim, Dianne Feinstein Withholding Brett that SJC Democrats possession of Senator Feinstein Kavanaugh Document From Fellow Judiciary Committee have requested to view “purportedly describe[d] an incident that Democrats, Intercept (Sep. 12, 2018), https://theintercept.September 12 a “Kavanaugh-related was relayed to someone affiliated with com/2018/09/12/brett-kavanaugh-confirmation-dianne- document” in the Stanford University, who authored the feinstein/. possession of Senator letter and sent it to Rep. Anna Eshoo, a Feinstein. Democrat who represents the area.” Ford’s attorney Debra Lissandra Villa and Paul McLeod, Senate Democrats Have Katz is seen leaving Referred a Secret Letter about Brett Kavanaugh to theSeptember 12 Capitol Hill shortly FBI, BuzzFeed News (Sep. 13, 2018), after the Intercept story https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/lissandravilla/senat was published. e-democrats-have-sent-a-secret-letter-about-brett. Burgess Everett & Edward-Isaac Dovere, Feinstein Asks Feds To Investigate Kavanaugh Claims in Letter, Politico Senator Feinstein refersSeptember 13 (Sep. 30, 2018), https://www.politico.com/story/ the letter to the FBI. 2018/09/13/feinstein-kavanaugh-investigation-letter- 822902. The article described the incident in detail. Ronan Farrow & Jane Mayer, A Sexual-Misconduct Allegation Against the Supreme Court Nominee Brett The New Yorker reports Kavanaugh Stirs Tension Among Democrats in Congress, on an interview withSeptember 14 New Yorker (Sep. 14, 2018), https://www.newyorker.com/ Ford but does not news/news-desk/a-sexual-misconduct-allegation-against- identify her by name. the-supreme-court-nominee-brett-kavanaugh-stirs-tension- among-democrats-in-congress. The article described the incident in detail. Emma Brown, California Professor, Writer of Confidential The Washington Post Brett Kavanaugh Letter, Speaks Out About Her AllegationSeptember 16 reports on an interview of Sexual Assault, Washington Post (Sep. 16, 2018), with Ford. https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/california- professor-writer-of-confidential-brett-kavanaugh-letter- speaks-out-about-her-allegation-of-sexual- assault/2018/09/16/46982194-b846-11e8-94eb- 3bd52dfe917b story.html. SJC has a follow-up BI Senator Feinstein’s staff did not show up. Committee records call with Kavanaugh onSeptember 17 the Ford letter. Senator Feinstein does not participate. SJC speaks with Senator Feinstein’s staff declared that they Committee recordsSeptember 25 Kavanaugh about the were present “under protest” and did not allegations against him. participate. SJC speaks with Judge Senator Feinstein’s staff declared that they Committee recordsSeptember 26 Kavanaugh about the were present “under protest” and did not allegations against him. participate.