Question by Sὶℜὶሁᔑ Rℓgℓɳℓrαtℓd: Based on what anthropology evidence do Jews prove they are the descendants of the ancient Hebrews?
Is their any scientific Anthropological evidence proving that modern Jews descend from the ancient Hebrews described in the Old Testament? Besides anything passed down orally or anything which is in written words.
Paper, Why are you mad I am just asking a simple question that passed threw my head. What is the evidence your just claiming. Show me some anthropological evidence.
Paper, your Torah your Tanak show me the evidence. Why can’t you show me scientific evidence. See it only proves your not the people and that your beleiving somthing which has been passed around but no one is forsure.
Now it doesn’t matter. Why everytime some one is question somthing which many who are claiming to be a people can not prove they want to say it doesn’t matter. Whatever
Soda, All your doing is tracing one line from Judah which I can find easy evidence proving that link you sent me is nothing but somthing PHD jews wrote up with thier minds made up besides showing the evidence in the bone structures.

Best answer:

Answer by Paperback Writer Kosher NinjaJPAHow about the fact that Jewish men with the surname ‘Cohen’ have been proven to be directly descended from the brother of Moses – Aaron?

That good enough for ya?

Oh, and by the way: the fact that you actually think the OT is somehow linked to Judaism, really reveals that you don’t understand the Jewish religion at all. You might like to think about that BEFORE you try and challenge us.

———————————–

SIRIUS – maybe I am a tad fed up with your REPEATED insults against Jews? Day after day after day I have read them.

The big pity is, you actually answer really WELL on many posts that ask about Judaism.

As for ‘proof’, I would suggest that the fact that what I offered here was great – google it if you don’t believe me!

I can cite the Tanakh from now until the Jewish maschiach arrives – but what’s the point? It wouldn’t convince you. Google the studies being done in DNA and Cohen men.

The fascinating story of how DNA studies confirm an ancient biblical tradition.

Dr. Karl Skorecki, a Cohen of Eastern European parents, was attending synagogue one morning. The Cohen called up for the Torah reading that morning was a Jew of Sephardic background, whose parents were born in North Africa. Dr. Skorecki looked at the Sephardi Cohen’s physical features and considered his own physical features. They were significantly different in stature, skin coloration and hair and eye color. Yet both had a tradition of being Cohanim, direct descendants of one man — Aaron, the brother of Moses.

Cohanim (plural of Cohen) are the priestly family of the Jewish people, members of the Tribe of Levi. The books of Exodus and Leviticus describe the responsibilities of the Cohanim, which include the Temple service and blessing of the people. The Torah (the first five books of the Bible) describes the anointing of Aaron, the brother of Moses, as the first High Priest (Cohen Gadol).

Jewish tradition, based on the Torah, is that all Cohanim are direct descendants of Aaron, the brother of Moses. The Cohen line is patrilineal — passed from father to son without interruption for 3,300 years, or more than 100 generations.

Dr. Skorecki considered, “According to tradition, this Sephardi Cohen and I have a common ancestor. Could this line have been maintained since Sinai, and throughout the long exile of the Jewish people?” As a scientist, he wondered, could such a claim be tested?

Being a nephrologist and a top-level researcher at the University of Toronto and the Rambam-Technion Medical Center in Haifa, he was involved in the breakthroughs in molecular genetics which are revolutionizing medicine and the study of the life-sciences. He was also aware of the newly developing application of DNA analysis to the study of history and population diversity.

Dr. Skorecki considered a hypothesis: if the Cohanim are descendants of one man, they should have a common set of genetic markers — a common haplotype — that of their common ancestor. In our case, Aaron HaCohen.

HOW IT WORKS

A genetic marker is a variation in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA, known as a mutation. Mutations which occur within genes — a part of the DNA which codes for a protein — usually cause a malfunction or disease and is lost due to selection in succeeding generations. However, mutations found in so-called “non-coding regions” of the DNA tend to persist.

Since the Y chromosome consists almost entirely of non-coding DNA (except for the genes determining maleness), it would tend to accumulate mutations. Since it is passed from father to son without recombination, the genetic information on a Y chromosome of a man living today is basically the same as that of his ancient male ancestors, except for the rare mutations that occur along the hereditary line.

A combination of these neutral mutations, known as a haplotype, can serve as a genetic signature of a man’s male ancestry. Maternal genealogies are also being studied by means of the m-DNA (mitrocondrial DNA), which is inherited only from the mother.

THE SEARCH BEGINS

Dr. Skorecki made contact with Professor Michael Hammer, of the University of Arizona, a leading researcher in molecular genetics and a pioneer in Y chromosome research. Professor Hammer uses DNA analysis to study the history of populations, their origins and migrations. His previous research included work on the origins of the Native American Indians and the development of the Japanese people.

A study was undertaken to test the hypothesis. If there were a common ancestor, the Cohanim should have common genetic markers at a higher frequency than the general Jewish population.

In the first study, as reported in the prestigious British science journal, Nature (January 2, 1997), 188 Jewish males were asked to contribute some cheek cells from which their DNA was extracted for study. Participants from Israel, England and North America were asked to identify whether they were a Cohen, Levi or Israelite, and to identify their family background.

The results of the analysis of the Y chromosome markers of the Cohanim and non-Cohanim were indeed significant. A particular marker, (YAP-) was detected in 98.5 percent of the Cohanim, and in a significantly lower percentage of non-Cohanim.

FURTHER CONFIRMATION

In a second study, Dr. Skorecki and associates gathered more DNA samples and expanded their selection of Y chromosome markers. Solidifying their hypothesis of the Cohens’ common ancestor, they found that a particular array of six chromosomal markers was found in 97 of the 106 Cohens tested. This collection of markers has come to be known as the Cohen Modal Hapoltype (CMH) — the standard genetic signature of the Jewish priestly family. The chances of these findings happening at random is greater than one in 10,000.

The finding of a common set of genetic markers in both Ashkenazi and Sephardi Cohanim worldwide clearly indicates an origin pre-dating the separate development of the two communities around 1000 CE. Date calculation based on the variation of the mutations among Cohanim today yields a time frame of 106 generations from the ancestral founder of the line, some 3,300 years — the approximate time of the Exodus from Egypt, the lifetime of Aaron HaCohen.

Professor Hammer was recently in Israel for the Jewish Genome Conference. He confirmed that his findings are consistent — over 80 percent of self-identified Cohanim have a common set of markers.

The finding that less than one-third of the non-Cohen Jews who were tested possess these markers is not surprising to the geneticists. Jewishness is not defined genetically. Other Y-chromosomes can enter the Jewish gene pool through conversion or through a non-Jewish father. Jewish status is determined by the mother. Tribe membership follows the father’s line.

AMAZING STATISTICS

Calculations based on the high rate of genetic similarity of today’s Cohanim resulted in the highest “paternity-certainty” rate ever recorded in population genetics studies — a scientific testimony to family faithfulness.

Stated Dr. David Goldstein of Oxford University:

“For more than 90 percent of the Cohens to share the same genetic markers after such a period of time is a testament to the devotion of the wives of the Cohens over the years. Even a low rate of infidelity would have dramatically lowered the percentage.”

[Science News, October 3, 1998]

Wider genetic studies of diverse present day Jewish communities show a remarkable genetic cohesiveness. Jews from Iran, Iraq, Yemen, North Africa and European Ashkenazim all cluster together with other Semitic groups, with their origin in the Middle East. A common geographical original can be seen for all mainstream Jewish groups studied.

This genetic research has clearly refuted the libel that the Ashkenazi Jews are not related to the ancient Hebrews, but are descendants of the Kuzar tribe — a pre-10th century Turko-Asian empire which reportedly converted en masse to Judaism. Researchers compared the DNA signature of the Ashkenazi Jews against those of Turkish-derived people, and found no correspondence.

OTHER SURPRISING FINDINGS

In their second published paper in Nature (July 9, 1998) the researchers included an unexpected finding. Those Jews in the study who identified themselves as Levites did not show a common set of markers as did the Cohanim. The Levites clustered in three groupings, one of them the CMH. According to tradition, the Levites should also show a genetic signature from a common paternal patrilineal ancestor. The researchers are now focusing effort on the study of Levites’ genetic make up to learn more about their history in the Diaspora.

Using the CMH as a DNA signature of the ancient Hebrews, researchers are pursuing a hunt for Jewish genes around the world.

This could have ramifications in the search for the Biblical Ten Lost Tribes.

Using the genetic markers of the Cohanim as a yardstick, these genetic archaeologists are using DNA research to discover historical links to the Jewish people.

The researchers’ policy is that the research is not a test of individuals, but an examination of the extended family. Having the CMH is not a proof of one’s being a Cohen, for the mother’s side is also significant in determining one’s Cohen status. At present, there are no ramifications in Jewish law due to this discovery. No one is certified nor disqualified because of their Y chromosome markers.

The research has shown a clear genetic relationship amongst Cohanim and their direct lineage from a common ancestor. The resea

Question by : How can I learn about natural sciences (physics, astronomy, astrophysics) if they are not related to my major?
I love science but the only sciences I somewhat understand are biological and social science but I know almost nothing when it comes to the natural sciences (except biological) I would love to learn about physics and astronomy. I want to mention that in high school I only took the most basic physics and astronomy classes (only one time) I am in my first year of college for (majoring in nursing so physics and astronomy are not pre-reqs) and I’m taking psychology, nutrition (biology) and chemistry.

I try reading articles about astrophysics and it’s obvious I need to know about it before I can understand it

I know it’s helpful, if not necessary, to have some mathematical knowledge and being familiar with the scientific method.

Where should I start? Is there a book someone can recommend?

Best answer:

Answer by eriYou can take a class in those subjects even if they aren’t related to your major. That’s what electives are for. Or you can get an intro astronomy book out of the library.

Question by Mikey: What level of Math,Science,and English do they do at Cass Tech Highschool?
What level of Math,Science,and English do they do at Cass Tech Highschool?
I would like to know what kind of academics they do. Like what do they do for 10th grade Algebra,Geometry, Pre calculus, or Calculus. For science do they do Physics, Earth science, or chemistry. The same for English.

Question by Artisticat: If a NECROMANCER were real, or even asking about them in books and games, what GOOD could they bring?
I’ve only read of the destruction they can bring, and I am unsure if there is any good that could come from necromancy.
Xenon and Romantic… That’s not exactly answering the question. You fail. Thanks though.

Best answer:

Answer by XenonVortex BlackOp Death EaterUsually they’re portrayed as evil sorcerers who do all kinds of creepy dark magic like raising dead corpses and that sort of stuff. By definition, a necromancer is usually involved in dark magic, so I’m not sure how there could be a “good” necromancer.

EDIT:

Oh really? Well, then excuse me, I’ll try again if that wasn’t good enough. All I’m saying is that it’s described as the “blackest of black arts”, so nothing good would really come out of it. Unless, they summon spirits to give messages to people. And to be fair to Romantic and I, your question is kind of confusing. Not all necromancers are destructive, some of them make a profession out of communicating with summoned spirits and that sort of thing.

Question by : What is a person’s reaction when they regain consciousness from drowning? ?
Just out of curiosity, when somebody regains consciousness from drowning, what is their reaction? Are they disoriented? Dehydrated? What if they drown in salty water? How does it get out of their system?
Thank you, and please state your resources.

Best answer:

Answer by James JPeople can react different after recovering from drowning, quite a lot of people go into Shock.

Question by Kit: If they brought toonami back would it be on cartoon network or adult swim?
I love Toonami but bringing it back on adult swim would make me mad. They changed the schedule last week replacing Full Metal Alchemist with dragonball (which i could just watch on nicktoons). If they bring it back then great, but i would be sad if they changed the schedule. So are they planning to bring it back on cartoonnetwork or adult swim if toonami even does come back?
And i mean full metal alchemist brotherhood haha…

Best answer:

Answer by Jeremy Loftonmore than likely it will be on adult swim and they will definitely bring full metal alchemist And the original dbz.

Question by LvL60_Warlock: How can one say supernatural activities like levitation,ghosts dont exist just because they disobey physics?
Science is what we made to describe the universe. The universe existed and is existing. Physics is a framework , a mathematical model , of describing how the universe works and has worked. If the universe , as existed , suddenly changes , all our science and laws of physics get crushed. So , how can one say > see question.

Question by Maria: Can I have Brazilian Wax if I’ve almost lost consciousness while they plucked my eyebrows once?
I’ve never gone to pluck my eyebrows to a salon any more. I do it at home and very rarely. I don’t know why I’ve almost lost my consciousness then, it was very painfull. The woman who was plucking my eyebrows told me I’ve had very course hair. Everybody tells me Brazilian wax feels so great and I would really like to try it but I have doubts.. Tell me your oppinion please!
Thank you and have a great day!

Best answer:

Answer by JennUmmm you probably shouldnt since its in and even more sensitive area than your face, maybe you could do an at home one and if you can endure that then you can try going to a pro. Good Luck!

Question by sear_squid: If a student goes to a community college, will they need to take science and math courses?
I am terrible at science. If I take physics and pre calc next year (senior year) will I have to take them at the community college (where I plan to go)? Thanks.

Best answer:

Answer by Mrs. LTYou should talk to that particular council @ college, because you will have to take a test with math, english where it will place you were you need to be. depending on your major you may have to, but depending on your school they may pass it as prerequisite.

Question by Door: FMA: How do they keep using equivalent exchange?
I just started watching Fullmetal Alchemist and I’ve noticed that every time a character uses alchemy, they aren’t using the laws of equivalent exchange. Even the Alfonse brothers don’t use it and they blame others for abusing it. How are they fixing things that are broken without using anything to give? How are they making false gold and then reverting it back? Its just really confusing me that they keep pushing equivalent exchange and then it seems like they’re doing the same thing. Why do they need the philosophers stone if they’re doing alchemy without one?

Best answer:

Answer by ß5☆★I always wondered that myself. its supposed to give something to get something in exchange but he keeps getting swords out of nowhere.