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SUMMARY:Understanding the Determinants of Penal Policy: Crime\, Culture\,
and Comparative Political Economy - Nicola Lacey (LSE)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20190307T170000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20190307T180000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/df5deb9a-15ef-4bed-8ba6-be06152def71/
DESCRIPTION:This review sets out four main explanatory paradigms of penal
policy— focusing on\, in turn\, crime\, cultural dynamics\, economic str
uctures and interests\, and institutional differences in the organization
of different political economies as the key determinants of penal policy.
We argue that these paradigms are best seen as complementary rather than c
ompetitive and present a case for integrating them analytically in a compa
rative political economy framework situated within the longue durée of te
chnology regime change. To illustrate this\, we present case studies of on
e exceptional case—the United States—and of one substantive variable
—race. Race has long been thought to be of importance in most of these p
aradigms and pro- vides a pertinent example of how the different dynamics
intersect in practice. We conclude by summarizing the explanatory challeng
es and research questions that we regard as most urgent for the further de
velopment of the field and point to the approaches that will be needed if
scholars are to meet these challenges and answer these questions. \nSpeake
rs:\nNicola Lacey (LSE)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler Room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/df5deb9a-15ef-4bed-8ba6-be06152def71/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:Understanding the Determinants of Penal Policy: Crime\, C
ulture\, and Comparative Political Economy - Nicola Lacey (LSE)
TRIGGER:-PT1H
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Great Moderation Revisited: The Political Economy of Inflation
and Disinflation in the OECD - Dr Tim Vlandas (University of Oxford)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20190228T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20190228T140000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/d90863eb-bd83-44ee-94fa-d77ad0f80633/
DESCRIPTION:What explains the shift from the moderate to high inflation ra
tes of the Golden Age of post-war capitalism to the low inflation regime o
f monetarism in the 1970s and 1980s? Conventional views emphasise the rise
of monetarism as a new economic paradigm that convinced policy makers to
delegate monetary policy to conservative and independent central banks. In
contrast to these arguments that ignore politics on the ground\, we model
and examine the shifts in the inflationary preferences of the median vote
r and their translation into party politics and economic policies. As the
median voter accumulates nominal assets against a background of de facto a
nd de jure increasing job security and rising wages\, her preferences on m
acro-economic policies shift from concerns about employment-friendly to in
flation-averse policies. Social democratic parties\, who are pivotal playe
rs in this regard because of their ‘natural’ preference for high emplo
yment over low inflation\, are thus forced to adopt anti-inflation policie
s as well to remain electorally viable. We show that the employment situat
ion of the average worker improved in every respect during the 1960s and 1
970s\, that most of the population became inflation averse during the 1970
s and 1980s\, and that social democratic parties were forced to adopt more
economically orthodox party manifestos. We then analyse the shift to a lo
w inflation regime in a series of country case studies.\n\nSandwiches will
be provided.\nSpeakers:\nDr Tim Vlandas (University of Oxford)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler Room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/d90863eb-bd83-44ee-94fa-d77ad0f80633/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:The Great Moderation Revisited: The Political Economy of
Inflation and Disinflation in the OECD - Dr Tim Vlandas (University of Oxf
ord)
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Privileging one’s own? Voting patterns and politicized spending
in India - Francesca R. Jensenius (University of Oslo and Norwegian Instit
ute of International Affairs)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20190221T123000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20190221T133000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/ec23406c-0347-416e-abb5-9d6704f7d345/
DESCRIPTION:When and how do politicians manipulate the allocation of publi
c resources? We argue that politicians’ choices are influenced by the ty
pe of networks that bring them to power. Politicians from parties closely
linked to strong social networks (embedded parties) face pressures to allo
cate resources to members of that network even when this is electorally in
efficient. Politicians from parties without such ties (non-embedded partie
s) are less constrained. We provide evidence for this using an original po
lling station (precinct) level dataset\, linking voting patterns in the 20
09 Indian general election to the characteristics of some 234\,000 census
villages and to project allocations 2009–14 under India’s discretionar
y constituency development scheme (MPLADS). The mechanisms underpinning th
e observed patterns are explored through a natural experiment created by t
he implementation of new electoral boundaries in 2008. The findings contri
bute to our understanding of when and why we observe different forms of ma
nipulation of public resources by politicians.\n\nSandwiches will be provi
ded.\nSpeakers:\nFrancesca R. Jensenius (University of Oslo and Norwegian
Institute of International Affairs)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler Room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/ec23406c-0347-416e-abb5-9d6704f7d345/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:Privileging one’s own? Voting patterns and politicized
spending in India - Francesca R. Jensenius (University of Oslo and Norwegi
an Institute of International Affairs)
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Productivity takes Leave? Examining the Impact of Maternity Leave
Policies on Academic Careers - Vera Troeger (Warwick University)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20181115T123000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20181115T133000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/334ac78c-3aa3-4c8f-a5a1-74cbba656f4a/
DESCRIPTION:Motherhood and professional advancements often conflict. Studi
es of female academics highlight gender disparities in senior ranks. One e
xplanation for this inequality is unequal caregiving responsibilities born
e by women\, particularly early in their children’s lives. This project
asks whether differential maternity leave provisions across 160 UK higher
education institutions exacerbate differentials in the productivity\, care
er paths and job satisfaction of female academics. Research on maternity b
enefits usually is confined to case studies of a few universities or is di
scipline specific. Systematic empirical research on how changes in materni
ty leave policies affect career outcomes in the sector is lacking. This pr
oject seeks to fill this gap by providing reliable empirical results that
allow examining the degree to which more generous maternity leave benefits
affect female academics with children. Analyses consider variation in out
comes that potentially result both from changes in UK law and the wide var
iation in maternity leave benefits across the sector. We also analyse why
universities across the UK have implemented occupational maternity policie
s that vary largely with respect to their generosity.\nSpeakers:\nVera Tro
eger (Warwick University)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler Room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/334ac78c-3aa3-4c8f-a5a1-74cbba656f4a/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:Productivity takes Leave? Examining the Impact of Materni
ty Leave Policies on Academic Careers - Vera Troeger (Warwick University)
TRIGGER:-PT1H
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Modeling Complex Games: Government Formation as Logrolling - Scott
de Marchi (Duke University)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20181101T123000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20181101T140000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/06cc7e5f-4631-4804-b038-f08efa1279bb/
DESCRIPTION:Analytical models of government formation typically assume low
-dimensional real policy spaces. Behaviorally\, however\, politicians nego
tiate to form governments in high-dimensional discrete issue spaces. We mo
del these negotiations\, leveraging the fact that different politicians ty
pically attach different importance to the same issue\, allowing gains fro
m trade to be realized when they negotiate agreed positions on a large pac
kage of issues. The set of issues in this agreed package is endogenous\; p
oliticians need not agree on every issue before they go into government to
gether\, “tabling” issues on which they agree to disagree. We exercise
our model computationally\, calibrating it using 91 real-world government
formation settings\, and mapping out the relative probability of Condorce
t winning cabinets in different settings. This probability measures how ha
rd it is for negotiators to find Condorcet winning cabinets in a giant hig
h- dimensional state space. We test this claim empirically with a statisti
cal model of the duration of bargaining after an election. \nSpeakers:\nSc
ott de Marchi (Duke University)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler Room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/06cc7e5f-4631-4804-b038-f08efa1279bb/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:Modeling Complex Games: Government Formation as Logrollin
g - Scott de Marchi (Duke University)
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Why Women Mobilize: Dissecting and Dismantling India’s Political
Gender Gap - Soledad Prillaman (University of Oxford)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20181018T113000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20181018T130000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/cf278b86-569e-499d-ae20-0d831b8f2439/
DESCRIPTION:In India\, there persists a striking gender gap in political p
articipation and representation. This political gender gap persists despit
e decades of democracy and universal adult suffrage\, rapid economic devel
opment\, and large-scale policies aimed at women's political empowerment.
Women's political participation is important not only on normative grounds
of inclusion\, but because we know that when women do participate\, polit
ics changes. Why does this gender gap in political participation persist a
nd how do women become active political participants? I develop a theoreti
cal model of political behavior which sustains a gender-gap political equi
librium: an equilibrium where men show up\, speak up\, and are represented
in political institutions\, but where women remain less present in politi
cal spaces and decision-making. I draw on theories of social networks and
identity politics and argue that women's lack of political participation i
s the result of coordinated political behavior in the household. Women are
constrained by limited social networks\, stemming from the household divi
sion of labor\, gender norms\, and limited mobility\, and\, thus\, coordin
ate their political behavior with the household to maximize political gain
s. Household bargaining dynamics\, however\, dictate that men act as the p
olitical agent of the household and thus participate in politics. I sugges
t that this political system is not only marked by a gender gap in politic
al participation\, but also patronage political networks and under-provisi
on of public goods. I then argue that when women's social networks shift i
n such a way as to include more women\, often because of female-targeted s
ocial policies\, gender as an identity can become politically salient and
women's political participation increases. This holds even when resource a
llocations\, social norms\, and household dynamics would suggest otherwise
. I further document how women's political inclusion can yield improved lo
cal governance and greater provision of public goods.\n\nSpeakers:\nSoleda
d Prillaman (University of Oxford)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler Room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/cf278b86-569e-499d-ae20-0d831b8f2439/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:Why Women Mobilize: Dissecting and Dismantling India’s
Political Gender Gap - Soledad Prillaman (University of Oxford)
TRIGGER:-PT1H
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:America’s Peculiar Mix of Plutocracy and Populism - Jacob Hacker
(Yale)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180309T123000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180309T133000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/24e2f4aa-7c37-4e68-8b5b-238b5fde7e6d/
DESCRIPTION:\nSpeakers:\nJacob Hacker (Yale)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler Room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/24e2f4aa-7c37-4e68-8b5b-238b5fde7e6d/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:America’s Peculiar Mix of Plutocracy and Populism - Jac
ob Hacker (Yale)
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Long Shadow of Economic Geography: Political Inequality and Pu
blic Goods Provision in the Original 13 US States - Pablo Beramendi (Duke)
\, Jeff Jensen (NYU-Abu Dhabi)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180215T123000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180215T133000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/c7683ddd-ee26-4251-966a-cfe792fff510/
DESCRIPTION:A large and fruitful literature has focused on the impact of c
olonial legacies on long-term development. Yet the role of political trans
mission mechanisms in this process remains ambiguous. This paper analyzes
one such transmission mechanism\, namely malapportionment of the represent
ation in the legislatures of the original thirteen British North-American
colonies. Their joint independence created a unique juncture in which pos
tcolonial elites simultaneously chose the legislative and electoral instit
utions under which they would operate. We show that the initial choice of
apportionment in the state legislatures is largely a function of economic
geography\, that such a choice generated persistent differences in represe
ntation patterns within states (political inequality)\, and that the latte
r shaped long run public goods provision and development outcomes.\nSpeake
rs:\nPablo Beramendi (Duke)\, Jeff Jensen (NYU-Abu Dhabi)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler Room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/c7683ddd-ee26-4251-966a-cfe792fff510/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:The Long Shadow of Economic Geography: Political Inequali
ty and Public Goods Provision in the Original 13 US States - Pablo Beramen
di (Duke)\, Jeff Jensen (NYU-Abu Dhabi)
TRIGGER:-PT1H
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Politics of School Reform: Inequality\, Political Parties\, an
d Student Sorting - Charlotte Haberstroh (University of Oxford)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180201T123000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180201T133000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/0aba2fcb-6e4e-4c9e-ada1-c78952ba8513/
DESCRIPTION:Can a government improve access to good schools for the poor w
hen its middle-class supporters rely on educational advantage to maintain
their own position in society? Recent advances in the study of comparative
political economy of education have highlighted how inequalities created
at school structure redistributive politics of higher education and skill
formation systems. Yet\, we still know little about the politics of redist
ribution of compulsory schooling - where everyone attends school\, but the
quality of the teaching and learning differs widely between schools. This
book compares institutions which regulate school admissions - Student Sor
ting Institutions (SSIs) - and provides a political analysis of their refo
rm trajectories in Western Europe. We gain an important tool for comparing
school systems and a fresh perspective on partisan politics of education\
, where the divisions within parties matter as much as the rifts between t
hem. Concretely\, I propose that SSIs vary along two dimensions: can paren
ts choose a school\; and\, can schools select students according to their
performance? A comparative historical analysis of school reforms in Sweden
\, England\, and France (1980-2010) shows that partisan governments’ pol
icy preferences and reform behaviour follows the aim to improve educationa
l opportunities for their constituents. I emphasise how political parties
and their internal policy battles inform governments’ educational polici
es. The account provides insight into the politics of equality of educatio
nal opportunities in the present\, with significant implications for the s
tructure of the social cleavages and redistributive battles of the future.
\nSpeakers:\nCharlotte Haberstroh (University of Oxford)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler Room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/0aba2fcb-6e4e-4c9e-ada1-c78952ba8513/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:The Politics of School Reform: Inequality\, Political Par
ties\, and Student Sorting - Charlotte Haberstroh (University of Oxford)
TRIGGER:-PT1H
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Urban Advantage in Revolution - Mark Beissinger (Princeton)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171201T123000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171201T140000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/be538022-262f-4442-93d7-50b253dcadea/
DESCRIPTION:Revolutions are relatively rare moments of direct mass interve
ntion in politics. But as a new cross-national data set of revolutionary e
pisodes from 1900 to 2014 shows\, these unusual moments have been growing
both more frequent and more “successful” (in the sense of more likely
to displace incumbent regimes) over time\, though less consequential in th
eir lasting impact. These trends have been driven in large part by the inc
reasingly urban character of revolutionary challenges and the emergence of
a new repertoire of urban civic revolt that mobilizes large numbers of pa
rticipants in central urban spaces in a concentrated period of time. The t
alk explores the nature of this “urban advantage” in revolution and ho
w the politics of urban civic revolts differ in fundamental ways from revo
lutionary politics of the past.\nSpeakers:\nMark Beissinger (Princeton)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/be538022-262f-4442-93d7-50b253dcadea/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:The Urban Advantage in Revolution - Mark Beissinger (Prin
ceton)
TRIGGER:-PT1H
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Rewarding Merit or Luck? The Competency Signal in Comparative Pers
pective - Daniela Campello (Fundação Getúlio Vargas/EBAPE)\, Cesar Zucc
o Jr (Fundação Getúlio Vargas/EBAPE)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171123T123000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171123T133000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/32cfa862-3101-4148-842b-3f10d7046e08/
DESCRIPTION:This paper revisits models of economic voting to argue that w
hen alternative sources of information about incumbent competence (merit)
are not available\, it may be rational for citizens to cast an economic vo
te even if the economy is mostly determined by exogenous factors (luck).
This vote\, however\, is unlikely to promote democratic accountability. We
subsequently show that this is precisely what happens in most developing
countries\, where exogenous factors such as commodity prices and inflows
of capital driven by international liquidity are far more relevant to expl
ain economic outcomes than in the developed world. As a result\, by sancti
oning and selecting incumbents based on the economy citizens are more like
ly to reward merit in the OECD and luck elsewhere. Our findings suggest th
at the economic vote is a poor instrument of democratic accountability in
developing nations. \nSpeakers:\nDaniela Campello (Fundação Getúlio Var
gas/EBAPE)\, Cesar Zucco Jr (Fundação Getúlio Vargas/EBAPE)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/32cfa862-3101-4148-842b-3f10d7046e08/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:Rewarding Merit or Luck? The Competency Signal in Compara
tive Perspective - Daniela Campello (Fundação Getúlio Vargas/EBAPE)\, C
esar Zucco Jr (Fundação Getúlio Vargas/EBAPE)
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Democratic Drain: Emigration and Democratization in the Middle Eas
t - Justin Gest (George Mason University)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171109T123000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171109T133000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/6c4f2aa4-d538-4fa1-8bb2-c42cce950b08/
DESCRIPTION:Series: Comparative Political Economy Seminar Series\nSpeakers
:\nJustin Gest (George Mason University)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Clay room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/6c4f2aa4-d538-4fa1-8bb2-c42cce950b08/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:Democratic Drain: Emigration and Democratization in the M
iddle East - Justin Gest (George Mason University)
TRIGGER:-PT1H
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Let Them Eat Credit: Urban-Rural Biases and the Politics of Sover
eign Default - Cameron Ballard-Rosa (University of North Carolina\, Chapel
Hill)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171102T123000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171102T133000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/9dd4f04c-bb2d-4174-a6ec-1c136166a20f/
DESCRIPTION:Series: Comparative Political Economy Seminar Series\nSpeakers
:\nCameron Ballard-Rosa (University of North Carolina\, Chapel Hill)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/9dd4f04c-bb2d-4174-a6ec-1c136166a20f/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:Let Them Eat Credit: Urban-Rural Biases and the Politics
of Sovereign Default - Cameron Ballard-Rosa (University of North Carolina
\, Chapel Hill)
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The International Foundations of Interest Group Influence - Trista
n Beckman (Oxford)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170525T113000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170525T130000Z
UID:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/e831ea38-9a13-4c1b-afe3-0dfc993d7a85/
DESCRIPTION:\nSpeakers:\nTristan Beckman (Oxford)
LOCATION:Nuffield College (Butler Room)\, New Road OX1 1NF
URL:https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/e831ea38-9a13-4c1b-afe3-0dfc993d7a85/
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ACTION:display
DESCRIPTION:Talk:The International Foundations of Interest Group Influence
- Tristan Beckman (Oxford)
TRIGGER:-PT1H
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