substance abuse

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Transcript of substance abuse

Too smart to start definition of drugs, drug addiction, and drug abusetypes of drugs (soft/hard)psychological/biological effects of drugsdiseases related to drugssocio-cultural problemscauses of drug abuse Definitions Drugs: a chemical substance which may have medicinal, intoxicating,performance- enhancing or other effects on the mind or body Drug addiction: strong physiological and psychological dependence on a drug Drug abuse: disorder that is characterized by a destructive pattern of using a substance that leads to significant problems or distress Types of drugs Soft drugs believed to be non addictive and with fewer dangers associated with their use Hard drugs psychoactive drugs that are addictive andperceived as damaging Hallucinogens Psychological / biological effects sensory perceptions become brilliant and intensecolors seem more intense, emotional effects are more profound>> magnified feelingsdistance and estrangement, depression, anxiety, paranoia, violent behaviors, confusion, suspicion, loss of control, flashbacks, psychosis, lethargic and disoriented Diseases suggests cause of acute toxic psychosis, panic attacks, schizophrenia Stimulants Psychological / biological effects feelings of tremendous joyincreased wakefulnessincreased body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure, dilated pupils, nausea, blurred vision, muscle spasms, and confusion Diseases heart attackstroke Opiates Psychological / biological effects tranquil and euphoric effectinduce tolerancedrug becomes the main focus of lifeslow breathing, heart rate and brain activity Diseases dirty needles can result in diseases such as Hepatitis, AIDS and tetanusrespiratory arrest Socio-cultural problems cannabis used in shamanic rituals to induce tranceillegal in most developed countries increasing cost of satisfying tolerance / dependence can lead to money problems a self neglect domestic violence Causes as a result of relationshipshousehold dysfunctionpeer pressurefailure of individual to adapt to society, or society's failure to make a place for the individual Smoking components of cigaretteeffects of the components of cigaretteDiseaseswhy people start smokingwhy smoking is difficult to stop 1) Tar stimulates goblet cells to release more mucuscontains carcinogenscauses mutationsdevelops cancer 2) carbon monoxide diffuses into RBC's where it combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which reduces the oxygen carrying capacity in RBC's 3) Nicotine stimulates adrenal glands to release mucusincreases heart rate and blood pressurereduces blood supply to extremitiesincreases the stickiness of platelets which causes blood clotting Diseases Lung diseases 1) Chronic bronchitis goblet cells and mucous glands are stimulated to secrete more mucustar destroys many cilia and weakens the sweeping action of the remainingmucus accumulates and causes the person to cough which leads to inflammation of the bronchi 2) Emphysema a condition where the alveoli is unable to stretch and recoil while breathing due too smaller quantities of elastin I the wallselastin has been digested by elastase 3) Lung Cancer carcinogens in tar react with the DNA in epithelial cells to produce mutations that lead to the development of malignant tumor Why people start smoking ? Most people start smoking after the age of 18.Peer pressure plays an important part.the environment the individual raise inOthers start smoking as an act of defiance against their parents or people of authority.individuals having low self-esteemthey smoke to appear older and more grown up,people under pressure think that smoking helps the get rid of this pressure. Why smoking is difficult to stop? the nicotine present in cigarettes creates a chemical dependency, and the body develops a need for certain level of nicotine at all times.the first few weeks after quitting are usually the most difficult it takes at least 8-12 weeks before a person start to feel comfortable with their new lifestyle change of being ex-smoker. substance abuse is a Brain Disease• Characterized by:– Compulsive Behavior– Continued abuse of drugs despite negative consequences– Persistent changes in the brain’s structure and function Definition: The Burden of Substance Abuse • Substance abuse costs our nation more than $484 billion per year. Illicit drug use alone accounts for about $161 billion.

• Approximately half of those suffering from a chronic alcohol or drug disorders also suffer from a chronic psychiatric disorder. Outline 1. definition2. The Burden3. Types of substance abuse;SmokingAlcoholDrugs 4. role play5. Conclusion Alcohol Definition of alcoholism, and alcoholic personsymptomsrisk factorsDISEASES AND EFFECTS ALCOHOLtreatment of alcoholism Definitions Alcoholism/alcohol addiction is the destructive pattern of the consumption of alcohol liquor and compulsive behavior resulting from alcohol dependency.

3.Medication Questions Thank you In conclusion - substance abuse is a wide spread problem- education & awareness should be focused on risky population- Addiction is Like Other Diseases;It is preventableIt is treatableIt changes biologyIf untreated, it can last a lifetime Drugs Role Play References WHO WEBSITE, www.who.comCDC website, www.cdc.comwww.drugsno.com/identify-drug-abuse/www.samhsa.govwww.psychologytoday.com/basics/addiction Alcoholism is chronic, but treatable !! Symptoms potential symptoms include spending an inordinate amount of time getting, using, or recovering from the use of alcohol, compromised functioning, and/or continuing to use alcohol despite an awareness of the detrimental effects it is having on one's life Risk factors 1.depression 2.anxiety 3.mood problem in the individual, as well as having parents with alcoholism problems 4.Low self-esteem and feeling out of place