It appears from your survey that part of what you’re supposed to do is to find the views of individual Catholics in addition to the teaching of the Catholic Church, so I’ve answered briefly what my opinions (as a Catholic) are. Most of the research questions (what writings, bible verses, etc) I mostly left to google.

**1. What is the Catholic Churches official view on abortion? **
'tis murder. Murder is bad.

2. Are there any exceptions to these views approved by the Church?
No. Murder is always bad.

3. Where do these views come from, what are the teachings these views are based upon?
They come, primarily, from the fact that murder is bad. The fact that it is murder and that murder is bad is a result of reason that is confirmed by Church teaching.

4. Where do these views appear in the Bible or other writings recognised by the Catholic Church if at all?
I think I’ll leave that to google.

5. Are there any recognised ethical frameworks that you know of that the Church recognises such as the Natural Law Theory by St. Thomas Aquinas?
Other than natural law, I am not aware of any such thing by name. You may want to google Catholic Bioethics for a summary of how such things are applied to this and related questions though.

6. Do you think abortion is a Human rights issue or a Women’s rights issue, or both?
Human rights, because humans have a right not to be murdered. Although you may be interested to know that in many places, people do sex selective abortion to try to avoid daughters.

7. Do you think abortion being made illegal would be a good or bad thing, and why do you feel this way?
Good, because murder is bad and ought to be illegal.

8. How do you/ the Catholic Church regard those who are pro-choice?
They’re wrong. Other than that, I have no broad opinion that I would apply to them as a group.

9. How does the Catholic Church view woman, who have had an abortion in the past, what are the consequences if any?
As a sinner, just like everyone else - which is to say, deserving of compassion and correction. I believe there is a canonical penalty, but I’ll leave that to google as well.

10. How is a Priest etc. taught to counsel women who have either had an abortion or are considering having an abortion?
Not a priest, don’t know.

11. Do you think that the lack of feminist power in the Catholic Church is a reason for why they hold the views that they do?
No. I think the fact that murder is bad is the reason that we hold the views that we do.

12. Have the official views on abortion of the Church changed over time, if so, how and when?
No. We’ve always been pretty clear that murder is bad. I believe there was some uncertainty among some people centuries ago about what was going on, but once the question was figured out it has remained so.

13. Are the current views on abortion consistent among followers of the Catholic Church, if not what other views are held?
Not entirely, there are Catholics who disagree with the Church. The Church thinks they’re wrong. I’m sure they can tell you what they think though.

14. What are the basis of these diverging views, if any?
Lack of understanding of what the Church is, together with some other things that probably vary person to person.

15. Is there any other valuable information regarding abortion from a Catholic standpoint that you think I should consider?
You may want to look up Catholic bioethics.

Are there any recognised ethical frameworks that you know of that the Church recognises such as the Natural Law Theory by St. Thomas Aquinas? The Church certainly holds up the philosophical and theological work of Aquinas as a standard. See also the work of John Paul II in “Theology of the Body” and his social encyclicals, preeminently “Evangelium Vitae”.

Do you think abortion is a Human rights issue or a Women’s rights issue, or both? Both, insofar as women are human and more than half of children murdered in abortions are female. But I do not believe that a woman has any right to kill her child in any circumstance.

Do you think abortion being made illegal would be a good or bad thing, and why do you feel this way? Ultimately, that is the only morally acceptable decision. It is a matter of basic justice to all human persons.

How do you/ the Catholic Church regard those who are pro-choice? It is an objectively sinful position to hold; every individual pro-choice person has different moral culpability due to their individual circumstances.

How does the Catholic Church view woman, who have had an abortion in the past, what are the consequences if any? Every sin can be forgiven, and once a sin is forgiven any sinner can be restored to communion with the Church, but the mental and emotional damage caused by abortion will take a lifetime to heal.

How is a Priest etc. taught to counsel women who have either had an abortion or are considering having an abortion? Two different animals. Women considering abortion are told that they have options and abortion is not one of them, and then directed to pregnancy care centers or crisis pregnancy centers or homes, depending on what services are available in the area. Women who have had abortions are counseled to repent and go to confession, and then directed to post-abortive counseling services such as Rachel’s Vineyard.

Do you think that the lack of feminist power in the Catholic Church is a reason for why they hold the views that they do? First of all, I reject the premise that “feminist power” is something that should be sought by anyone, and also the implication that the Church is misogynist. Secondly, not at all. It is a matter of basic human justice.

Have the official views on abortion of the Church changed over time, if so, how and when? No, they haven’t. Even though the scientific understanding that life begins at conception was not always there, it was always understood that killing the developing child inside the mother’s womb was among the most horrifying of sins that a person could commit.

Are the current views on abortion consistent among followers of the Catholic Church, if not what other views are held? There will always be those who choose to accept the world’s views over the Church’s. I suppose there are those who self-identify as Catholic who ascribe to any and every possible outlook on the issue.

What are the basis of these diverging views, if any?You would have to ask those people yourself; certainly they have no basis in any Church teaching.

Is there any other valuable information regarding abortion from a Catholic standpoint that you think I should consider? The Church is the world’s largest provider of adoption services, crisis pregnancy and homeless services, orphanages, and hospital care. So anyone who tries to pull the canard that the Church doesn’t care about children after they’re born is either seriously ignorant or a flat-out liar.

11. Do you think that the lack of feminist power in the Catholic Church is a reason for why they hold the views that they do?
No. I think the fact that murder is bad is the reason that we hold the views that we do.

Iron Donkey’s whole post was very good, but I wanted to highlight my agreement with this answer.

As far as I can tell, pro-abortion people aren’t all that concerned with women, despite what they say. Not only do they not care about the women that never get to be born, but they are against increased standards of care at abortion clinics and against a woman making an informed decision by seeing an ultrasound. If that’s feminism, I don’t want any, thanks.

I belong to Dr Gianna’s Assistants for Life (DGAL), and we have learned that the term “pro-choice” actually includes a choice to carry. However, that being said, the pro-aborts are not beating a cybertrail to our pro-life networks for women who choose to carry.

Hence the reason for the right to free speech in front of the clinics. One of our members hands out a pamphlet called “It’s Your Choice” which gives the particulars of what she carries within her.

The OP’s question dealt with the church’s teachings on abortion, but if we are going to discuss that, we also need to know that modern abortion legislation is also tied to the occult and is considered human sacrifice by them. Hence the absolute necessity of the church’s presence in these situations.