Summary

Civilization in the West blends social and political history into a fascinating narrative that brings history to life. The authors tell a compelling story of Western Civilization that is enhanced by an image-based approach. Pictorial chapter openers draw students in by illustrating a dominant theme of the chapter and exploring the dramatic impression each image makes in reinforcing that theme. The presentation of geography guides students around the changing contours of the West through both standard maps and Geographic Tours of Europe. The greater number of maps and tours combine to make this text the strongest possible program for teaching historical geography (151 total maps, as compared to Chambers, the second highest, at 106). The addition of Discovering Western Civilization Online (new end-of-chapter website URLs) makes this the first Western Civilization book to date to include these resources.

Table of Contents

Maps and Geographical Tours

viii

Chronologies, Genealogies, and Figures

ix

Documents

ix

Supplements

x

Preface

xi

The Italian Renaissance

353

(35)

A Civic Procession

354

(2)

Renaissance Society

356

(8)

The Environment

356

(2)

Production and Consumption

358

(1)

The Experience of Life

359

(3)

The Quality of Life

362

(2)

Renaissance Art

364

(6)

An Architect, a Sculptor, and a Painter

364

(3)

Renaissance Style

367

(1)

Michelangelo

368

(2)

Renaissance Ideals

370

(5)

Humanists and the Liberal Arts

371

(2)

Machiavelli and Politics

373

(2)

The Politics of the Italian City-States

375

(11)

The Five Powers

376

(1)

Venice: A Seaborne Empire

377

(2)

Florence: Spinning Cloth into Gold

379

(2)

The End of Italian Hegemony, 1450--1527

381

(5)

Questions for Review

386

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

386

(1)

Discovering Western Civilization Online

387

(1)

The European Empires

388

(39)

Ptolemy's World

389

(2)

European Encounters

391

(16)

A Passage to India

391

(2)

Mundus Novus

393

(4)

The Spanish Conquests

397

(3)

The Legacy of the Encounters

400

(3)

Geographical Tour

Europe in 1500

403

(1)

Eastern Boundaries

404

(1)

Central Europe

405

(1)

The West

406

(1)

The Formation of States

407

(12)

Eastern Configurations

408

(2)

The Western Powers

410

(9)

The Dynastic Struggles

419

(5)

Power and Glory

419

(1)

The Italian Wars

420

(4)

Questions for Review

424

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

424

(2)

Discovering Western Civilization Online

426

(1)

The Reform of Religion

427

(38)

Sola Scriptura

428

(2)

The Intellectual Reformation

430

(5)

The Print Revolution

430

(1)

Christian Humanism

431

(1)

The Humanist Movement

432

(1)

The Wit of Erasmus

433

(2)

The Lutheran Reformation

435

(8)

The Spark of Reform

435

(2)

Martin Luther's Faith

437

(2)

Lutheranism

439

(3)

The Spread of Lutheranism

442

(1)

The Protestant Reformation

443

(10)

Geneva and Calvin

444

(2)

The English Reformation

446

(3)

The Reformation of the Radicals

449

(4)

The Catholic Reformation

453

(9)

The Spiritual Revival

453

(3)

Loyola's Pilgrimage

456

(2)

The Counter-Reformation

458

(2)

The Empire Strikes Back

460

(2)

Questions for Review

462

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

462

(2)

Discovering Western Civilization Online

464

(1)

Europe At War, 1555--1648

465

(35)

The Massacre of the Innocents

466

(2)

The Crisis of the Western States

468

(15)

The French Wars of Religion

468

(4)

One King, Two Faiths

472

(4)

The World of Philip II

476

(1)

The Burgundian Inheritance

477

(3)

The Revolt of the Netherlands

480

(3)

The Struggles in Eastern Europe

483

(6)

Kings and Diets in Poland

484

(1)

Muscovy's Time of Troubles

485

(1)

The Rise of Sweden

486

(3)

The Thirty Years' War, 1618--1648

489

(8)

Bohemia Revolts

490

(1)

The War Widens

491

(4)

The Long Quest for Peace

495

(2)

Questions for Review

497

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

497

(2)

Discovering Western Civilization Online

499

(1)

The Experiences of Life in Early Modern Europe, 1500--1650

500

(39)

Haymaking

501

(2)

Economic Life

503

(10)

Rural Life

503

(4)

Town Life

507

(3)

Economic Change

510

(3)

Social Life

513

(10)

Social Constructs

514

(1)

Social Structure

515

(3)

Social Change

518

(2)

Peasant Revolts

520

(3)

Private Life

523

(13)

The Family

523

(4)

Communities

527

(3)

Popular Beliefs

530

(6)

Questions for Review

536

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

536

(2)

Discovering Western Civilization Online

538

(1)

The Royal State in the Seventeenth Century

539

(38)

Fit for a King

540

(2)

The Rise of the Royal State

542

(8)

Divine Kings

542

(2)

The Court and the Courtiers

544

(2)

The Drive to Centralize Government

546

(2)

The Taxing Demands of War

548

(2)

The Crises of the Royal State

550

(13)

The Need to Resist

551

(2)

The Right to Resist

553

(3)

The English Civil War

556

(2)

The English Revolutions

558

(5)

The Zenith of the Royal State

563

(11)

The Nature of Absolute Monarchy

564

(2)

Absolutism in the East

566

(4)

The Origins of French Absolutism

570

(1)

Louis le Grand

571

(3)

Questions for Review

574

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

574

(2)

Discovering Western Civilization Online

576

(1)

Science and Commerce in Early Modern Europe

577

(38)

Rembrandt's Lessons

578

(2)

The New Science

580

(12)

Heavenly Revolutions

580

(4)

The Natural World

584

(6)

Science Enthroned

590

(2)

Empires of Goods

592

(12)

The Marketplace of the World

593

(2)

Consumption Choices

595

(3)

Dutch Masters

598

(2)

Mercantile Organization

600

(4)

The Wars of Commerce

604

(8)

The Mercantile Wars

605

(1)

The Wars of Louis XIV

606

(4)

The Colonial Wars

610

(2)

Questions for Review

612

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

612

(2)

Discovering Western Civilization Online

614

(1)

The Balance of Power in Eighteenth-Century Europe

615

(34)

Calling The Tune

616

(8)

Geographical Tour

Europe in 1714

618

(1)

Expansion in the West

619

(4)

Realignment in the East

623

(1)

The Rise of Russia

624

(8)

The Reforms of Peter the Great

625

(1)

Life in Rural Russia

626

(1)

The Enlightened Empress Catherine

627

(5)

The Two Germanies

632

(8)

The Rise of Prussia

633

(1)

Austria Survives

634

(3)

The Politics of Power

637

(3)

The Greatness of Great Britain

640

(6)

The British Constitution

640

(2)

Parties and Ministers

642

(1)

America Revolts

643

(3)

Questions for Review

646

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

647

(1)

Discovering Western Civilization Online

648

(1)

Culture and Society in Eighteenth-Century Europe

649

(36)

Happy Families

650

(2)

Eighteenth-Century Culture

652

(9)

The Enlightenment

652

(1)

The Spirit of the Enlightenment

653

(6)

The Impact of the Enlightenment

659

(2)

Eighteenth-Century Society

661

(21)

The Nobility

661

(2)

The Bourgeoisie

663

(8)

The Masses

671

(11)

Questions for Review

682

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

682

(2)

Discovering Western Civilization Online

684

(1)

The French Revolution and The Napoleonic Era, 1789--1815

685

(36)

Admiring the American Revolution

686

(2)

The Crisis of the Old Regime in France, 1715--1788

688

(6)

Louis XV's France

688

(1)

Louis XVI and the National Debt

689

(2)

The Three Estates

691

(3)

The First Stage of the French Revolution, 1789--1792

694

(9)

Taking Politics to the People

694

(2)

Convening the Estates-General

696

(2)

The Storming of the Bastille

698

(1)

The Revolution of the Peasantry

698

(2)

Women on the March

700

(1)

The Revolution Threatened

701

(2)

Experimenting with Democracy: The Revolution's Second Stage, 1792--1799