RUTGERS (US)—E. coli, long associated with illness brought on by food poisoning, may hold the key to the future of renewable energy.

“If we can engineer biological organisms to produce biodiesel fuels, we’ll have a new way of storing and using energy,” says Desmond Lun, associate professor of computer science at Rutgers University–Camden.

Lun is researching how to alter the genetic makeup of E. coli to produce biodiesel fuel derived from fatty acids.

Creating renewable energy by making fuels, like making ethanol out of corn, has been a common practice in trying to achieve sustainability.

“It’s widely acknowledged that making fuel out of food sources is not very sustainable. It’s too expensive and it competes with our food sources,” Lun says.

One alternative is to modify the E. coli microorganism to make it overproduce fatty acids, which are used to make biodiesel.

“Fatty acid molecules aren’t that different from a lot of fuel molecules,” says Lun.

“Biodiesel is something that we can generate quite easily. E. coli has been used as a lab organism for more than 60 years and it’s well-studied. We know a lot about its genetics and how to manipulate it. We’ve got to make quite drastic changes to do it and it requires major intervention.”

Lun builds computational models of the E. coli organisms to determine what would happen if changes are made. Those changes could include removing enzymes to enhance fatty acid production.

“We call it synthetic biology,” he says. “It’s sort of the next stage of genetic engineering. Instead of making small changes to specific genes, we’re really modifying large sections of genome. We’re putting in entirely new traits rather than modifying existing traits.

“The unique aspect of my work is this emphasis on computational modeling as a way of guiding it. Even these simple bacteria are immensely complex. Computational modeling can offer a way to speed up the process and make it a faster, better process.”

Fatty acid production in the altered bacteria would be enhanced, paving the way for biofuel development.

Lun is collaborating with researchers from Harvard University on the project.