How can we design QR codes that people who are blind can see?

We are proud of the amazing progress over the past decade in making accessible digital versions of paper documents available for people with disabilities. When our organization distributes a physical document (such as an evaluation form or a certificate at one of our courses), we follow the best practice of including a prominent message telling people how they can get an accessible electronic equivalent. Many other organizations are doing the same. But if someone can’t see that message, how can they know the accessible alternative exists, let alone know what the document is in the first place?

Solution: Let’s cut corners!

We wanted to invent a simple, inexpensive standard that allows people to identify a physical document without using their eyes, as well as link to its accessible digital equivalent—all without the expensive and time-consuming process of adding braille.

The result of our design research is called the “Berman Corner.” Here’s how it works:

A printed document (a business card, a handout, a magazine) gets a tiny 45-degree cut of paper trimmed from one of its four corners. The cut is not large enough to get in the way of the printed message, but is large enough that a person who can’t see can notice that one of the corners is intentionally chopped. This tactile clue signals that within 3.5 inches of that corner there is a code that can be scanned, such as a QR code, that the person can activate with any barcode scanning app on their smartphone (e.g. Google Goggles). If they don’t find it on one side of the paper, they try the other side. The code identifies the document, contains all the document information, and/or takes them to the accessible equivalent online (perhaps a PDF or a Web page).

The cut corner is a very affordable approach. Scissors can be used for a single document, while commercial printers can very inexpensively shave a corner on a print job upon request. (We’d like to think that printers would even embrace providing such an accommodation at no charge.)

Meanwhile, QR codes cost nothing to create: there are many free online tools available. We’ve also invented a collaborative Google Sheet for generating free QR codes of various sizes. Contact me at bermancorner@davidberman.com so we can share that with you.

What if the person has no Web access? There is a new kind of scan code invented here in Canada by Cecitech that embeds the content of a document directly into the code itself! We’re already collaborating with Cecitech on its adoption.
This was all the result of design research, led by Khadija Safri, that included studying other attempts by public and private sector organizations to put indicators on documents, much like and electronic hotel room keys, and testing various prototypes with people who are blind. Regarding the size of the cut, we tested a range of shapes, sizes and positions. Thank you Kim Kilpatrick for your help during the process!

Result: Early excitement

At the recent International Summit on Accessibility 2014, I distributed a couple hundred cut cards to the audience, without explanation, and also handed out business cards in the corridors; the cards featured the Berman Corner as well as braille that explained the approach. We had visually impaired reps from several levels of government follow up with us, enthusiastically reporting that not only did they “get it,” they wanted to look into making it a standard within their organizations.

As usual, when we design for the extremes, everyone benefits: sighted users can also find benefit in having a QR code link to an electronic equivalent on every document, and so we anticipate that giving up real estate for that part of the solution should be welcomed by all.