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Safeguard the American Soldit
From Liquor, Says Dr.
Wilfred T. Grenfell.
Dr. Wilfred T. Grenfell of L
brador, writing in the Londc
Times not long ago, said, "I ara-1
Englishman. Recently I have be<
speaking a good deal in Amerie
and especially at one or two of tl
very large camps for soldiers, whe
I have met many of th 2 officers, ar
also at Washington, D. C. You a
aware of the response here to tl
soldiers' Y. M. C. A. work, indie
ting the very strong feeling
America of the need of helping 1
send a clean army to fight for big
ideals. Several times the convers:
tion in my presence has turned c
the subject of the remarkable, ii
deed, almost absolute freedom froi
drunkenness and the small amour
of immorality among the soldiei
here, and then comes always tl
turn to it which brings a Hush (
shame, I confess, to my checks, 1
an Englishman, when a clean Ame
can officer turns round and say
'Ah, but they will get all the alci
hoi they want and the danger thi
comes with it as soon as they g<
to England aud to France." Tb
question to-day is one of deeds nc
words; of facts, not opinion;
When is our beloved motherlan
going to believe the fact-that ru
ing out the temptation to drink b
closing down on the sale of liquoi
of an intoxicating nature as bevei
ages is of vital importance?
"For over thirty years I hav
.lived among seafaring men in fisl
ing vessels on both sides of the A
Untie, and in many winters in th
"bitter cold of the north-eastern coa>
of America, and as a medical mar
capable of observing facts, I kno\
the individual is far better able t
withstand hardship and is far-fitte
without any of it, aud also that prc
hibition of its sale has been of irx
meuse value.
"Can you not find space to ex
press the opinion of an Englishmai
who loves England as his life
and who is hurt every time he ha
to listen to the facts of wasted fooc
and degraded manhood and waste*
efficiency just because we won'
tackle the strangling liquor traffii
as we do the Hun-namely, b;
force?"
Training Little Children.
(By Mrs. Lenore R. Ranus.) ?
Everyone knows that a norma
-child has an active mind, but manj
parents do nothing to strengthen oi
train this vital part of their child';
life, leaving all mental developraeni
to the teachers in the schools. Those
parents are indeed fortunate wbc
have kindergartens in their town oi
city, for the kindergarten gives sys
tematic mental training to childrec
as early as the fourth year
The easiest way to teach a child
to think is through play. The moth
er can begin to sing Mother Goose
rhymes to the mere infant-in-ar ms.
As the child grows, he recognizes
the words and often the tune". La
ter, he will ask for his favorite
songs or rhymes, and then begin to
sing and recite himself. Cp to this
point the mother has accomplished
three things: Strengthened the
memory, cultivated an ear for music
and the ability to carry a simple
tune aiid enlarged the child's vo
cabulary.
Be sure to use only the best gram
mar when talking with a child. Ba
by talk is funny for the grown-ups
for a while, .but the difficulty the
child faces ia overcoming this is
tremendous.
As the child grows older, a 6tory
hour should become a part of each
day. This is really a lesson in lan
guage. The mother should begin
with the finger plays when the child
is eight or nine months old, such as
"This is the church and this is the
steeple," "Pat-a-cake," the count
ing lesson, ' The thumb is one; the
pointer two, the middle finger three,
ring finger four, little finger five,
and that is all you see." What the
child imitates he begins to under
stand. That is the great purpose of
the finger plays.
As the child grows, other stories
-can be added to the story hour. A
normal child from about two years
of age on, loves the stories of "The
three bears," "The three pigs,"
"Little half chick," "Little red
ben" and other simple tales.
In telling stories to children, es
pecially to very young children,
avoid the element of fear.
Children love best the stories
they have heard before. A good
rule is to let the child choose his
own story. Mother can introduce a
new story when she deems best. An
other good plan is to have the child
tell mother a story sometimes, as
this will aid self-expression and be
a lesson in language.
To teach counting, make use of
the play spirit again. In bouncing a
ball, repeat the old-time jingle
One, two, buckle my shoe." You
will be surprised at how quickly the
. little ones will begin to count.
Again, in building blocks, make a
game of counting by saying, "Give
mother one block," then give moth
.er one, two. three blocks, etc. It is
unwise to teach a child under three
numbers higher than ten. They are
well started if they are able to count
as high as this corrtotly.
To develop the power of concen
tration, without wnich no human
can be successful in life, lhere must
be a certaiu amount of directed pla\
each day. Children are given this
in kindergarten, and the mother can
also give it to them in the home.
When mother sews, the opportunity
to direct play is at once afforded,
by having the child sit close by and
sew a piece of loose-woven cloth,
such as canvas or scrim. A big blunt
pointed needle should be chosen for
the purpose and tied securely to a
heavy thread. When the child shows
evidence of fatigue, the work should
be laid aside for another day.
Large, colored, wooden, kinder
garten cubes and spheres, one inch
in size, with a hole through th? cen
ter to siring on shoelaces, are also
tine for a lesson in concentration.
This occupation shculd be permit
ted only when mother is close by to
watch and help. Kindergarten ma
terials can be secured either from
Milton Bradley Co., Springfield,
Mass., or from E. Steiger & Co., 49
Murray street, N. Y.
For a child of three or older, kin
dergarten sewing cards which are
perforated and to be worked in col
ored worsteds, are interesting and
instructive. An economical way to
procure such cards is for mother or
father to cut out squares or oblongs
out of cardboard, lightly trace an
apple, ball or some other object on
one of the pieces and then perforate
the outlines every half inch, making
the holes as large as the head of a
pin. These outlines can then be sew
ed by the child in bright colors,
working up and down in the holes.
Be sure the outlines of the objects
to be sewed are large, as small ob
jects are too trying for .young hands
and eyes.
The French Orphan.
Oh, mother! I've just learned about
my sister;
A little one, and cute as she can be
I know, although I havn't seen her
She lives in France, away across the
sea.
And now, I'm going to give her all my
pennies;
For, mama, she doesn't get enough to
eat;
And when it's cold, and I wear shoes
and stockings,
She just has rags to tie about her feet.
May I send some of mine? Say yes,
dear mother;
And one or two of everything I wear?
It makes me glad inside to think about
it;
Sisters, you often say, should always
share.
Perhaps, the lady said, she'll write a
letter,
In her own language; but it means th?
same
As our own does, when she translates
it;
And I shall know her really truly
name.
Let's go and get them now, and take
them over;
The ship may sail to-day across the
sea.
We mustn't let my sister dear go hun
gry;
For, think, what if instead of her,
'twas me! iff!
-Clara E. Whitcomb.
In practically all of the exact ex
periments with alcohol it has been
noted that the subjects thought they
could work better after taking it
than they did before. Alcohol de
ceives men as to their ability. It
gives a false feeling of courage .by
diminishing the perception of ban
ger and a false impression of ability
to do work by weakening power to
perceive the difficulties, to grasp the
details, to measure the efforts put
forth lo accomplish the task.
Union Signal.
Notice to Stock
Raisers.
My Jack will make the season at
Wm. Allen Mobley's farm, west-end
of Edi8to street, Johnston, S. C.
Service fee $15.00 insuring mare to
get with foal. Five dollars paya
ble when mare is bred, and the bal
ance when colt is foaled. Notes or
contracts for deferred payments
must be given. Not liable should
accidents occur.
B. T. Boatwright
Phone No. 12-7 W
GEO. F. MIMS
OPTOMETRIST
Eyes examined and g.asses fitted
only when necessary. Optical
work of all kinds.
EDGEFIELD, S. C.
The Requirements Boiled Down
for Busy Folks.
Returns must be filed on or before
April 1, 101S.
Tax due may be paid now or on of
before June l?>, 101S.
If you are single and your net in
come for 1917 was !?1,000 or more you
must file a return.
If you were married and living with
wife (or husband) and had a net in
come of $2,000 or more for 1017 you
must file a return.
Husband's and wife's income must
be considered jointly, plus income of
minor children.
Income of a minor or Incompetent,
derived from a separate estate, must
be reported by ids legal representa
tive.
Severe penalties are provided for
those who. neglect or evade the law.
For false or fraudulent return there
is a penalty not exceeding $2,000 fine
or year's Imprisonment, or both, plus
100 per cent, of tax.
For failure to make return on or
before April 1, 1018, fine is from $20
to $1,000, plus DO per cent, of tax due.
Returns must be filed with the Col
lector of Internal Revenue of district
in which you live.
An agent may file return for a per
son who is ill, absent from the country
or otherwise incapacitated.
Each return must be signed and
sworn or affirmed by person execut
ing it.
Single persons are allowed $1,000
exemption in computing normal tax.
A married person living with wife
(or husband) is allowed $2,000 exemp
tion, plus $200 for each dependent
child under IS.
_A headfc pt family, though single, Is
allowed $2,000 exemption if actually
supporting one or more relatives.
Return.^ must show the entire
amount" bf earnings! gains and profits
received during the year. :r"'
Officials and employees are not taxa
ble on the salaries or wages received
from a state, county, city or town in
the United States.
Interest on state and municipal
bonds issued within the TJ. S. is ex
empt from- federal income tax and
should be omitted.
Interest on United States govern
ment bonds is also exempt, except on
Individual holdings of Liberty Fotfrs in
excess of $5,000 par value.
Dividends are not subject to normal
tax, but must be reported and Includetl
in not income.
Gifts and legacies are not Income
and should not be included on the re
turn of the beneficiary.
Life Insurance received ns a bene
ficiary or as premiums paid back at
maturity or surrender of policy is not
income.
Payments received for real or per
sonal property sold is not Income, but
the profit realized thereon is income
for the year of sale.
Amounts received in payment of
notes or mortgages Is not Income, but
the Interest on such notes or mort
gages ls taxable Income.
From the entire gross income cer
tain allowances are made In arriving
at the net Income.
Necessary expenses actually paid In
the conduct of business, trade or pro
fession may be claimed.
A farmer can claim payments for
labor, seed, fertilizer, stock feed, re
pairs on buildings, except his dwelling;
repairs of fences and farra machinery,
m;*?rlals and small tools for Immedi
ate use.
The amount of rent paid for a farra
may also be claimed as a tenant farm
er's expense.
Payments ?or live stock are allowa
ble If bought for resale. But If bought
for breeding purposes cattle are an In
vestment, not an expense, and cannot
be allowed.
A storekeeper can claim amounts
paid for advertising, clerk hire, tele
phone, water, light and fuel, also dray
age and freight bills and cost of op
erating and repairing wagons and
trucks.
A physician can claim cost of his
professional supplies, rent, office help,
telephone, expense of team or automo
bile used In making professional calls
and expenses attending medical con
ventions.
A dentist can claim similar Items,
except team or auto expense, which
are not necessary in his profession.
Expenses that are personal or con
nected in any way with the support or
well being of a person or family are
not allowable.
The costs of machines, Instruments,
vehicles or Implements that are more
or less permanent in character are not
allowable as an expense. They are In
vestments.
Interest paid on a mortgage or other
personal Indebtedness ls allowable on
a personal return.
All taxes paid within the year can
be taken out on a federal return, ex
cept federal Income taxes, Inheritance
taxes and assessments for local Im
provements.
Losses sustained in business or
through fire, storm or shipwreck or by
theft, except when compensated by in
surance or otherwise.
Wear and tear of rented buildings or
machinery used In business may be
claimed.
You can also claim the amount paid
to the Red Cross and to other charita
ble, religious or educational organiza
tion to the extent of 15 per cent of
your net income.
ood and Feedstuff
ing Over"
Farmers of Georgia and South Carolina:
4
The most important question before America to-day
is the PRODUCTION OF FOOD AND FEED necessary
to carrying on the war, the feeding of our armies and
the feeding of the armies of the Allies,
We have proudly boasted that Imperial Georgia and
South Carolina might be cut off from all the rest of
the world and they could still supply their own needs.
But we have not been feeding ourselves-by half.
Now, the United States Government calls on us to
make good; to raise enough food for ourselves to as
sist in feeding the armies of our Allies and the wives
and children of our aliied troops who are holding the
trenches waiting for American re-inforcements, who
have been facing death for three years and sacrific
ing their all that they, as well as AMERICANS, MAY
CONTINUE TO ENJOY THE BLESSINGS OF LIBERTY
OF THOUGHT, WORD AND ACTION.
The Allies entered 1918 with a food supply smaller
than at any time since the war began. The crops of
Europe will be short this year than ever. It is up to
America, and it is up to the SOUTH.
The Food Administration may draw an iron ring
around the South another year. Do you want to face
starvation like Europe is faciug it, and go hungry
while your pockets jingle with gola; or do you want
to share gloriously in this war for Liberty?
History records no instance in which the South has
failed to do her share. For God's sake let history
repeat itself now. You farmers of the South, forget
yourself and put your heart and soul in winning this
war. No one has a greater opportunity than you.
Plant food, food, food!
?
Let your slogan be: "Food and feed
stuff, full and running over."
Augusta Cotton Exchange
Augusta, Georgia