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The phrase itself - "Site Assessment" - can seem intimidating. However, a thorough site assessment is really a simple exercise that answers a few basic questions specific to your application:

How many cameras will you need?Identify the areas that you want to watch with your security cameras. Generally, you want to document all activity that occurs at your facility, and provide positive identification of those coming and going. In many cases, homes and small businesses can cover the majority of these important details (the criminal act itself, direction of travel, objects touched for fingerprint retrieval, accomplices, and witnesses and so on) with as few as four cameras strategically positioned around the facility. While to achieve good identification of people or vehicles, you must first identify the choke points in your business, and likely avenues of approach. And Cameras dedicate to watching these choke points and provide a clear mug shot of the bad guy that you can quickly hand off to the authorities.

What are the requirements of each camera?First, the security cameras are designed to perform in both indoor and outdoor environments, and provide both weather and vandal resistance. Second, the further these cameras will be away from the choke, the more telephoto capability will be required. Third, You will likely require a camera equipped with near-invisible infrared lighting (IR) to make clear identifications without alerting the suspect that he is being watched. And Areas with intense back-light conditions will require cameras that compensate for this to capture clear images, called wide dynamic range cameras. Lastly, you have needed aesthetic requirements to make the cameras stand out, and provide a visible deterrent to would be criminals.

What are the potential future needs of your system?Before moving on to your recording decisions, we highly recommend you to consider the potential future needs of your system. Even if you think you don′t need additional cameras, we recommend that you consider a DVR that has spare channels to allow for expansion.

Where will your recording device be placed?The DVR should be placed in a location where the DVR can not only be secured, but where it can be easily connected to both power and the internet. Once you′ve determined this location, you will then be able to factor in approximate video cable lengths required to connect your cameras to the DVR.

How much cabling will you need? You must consider two points1.Getting power to your cameras .For most applications, installing a camera power supply nearby your DVR is highly recommended. Keep in mind, the greater the distance between the camera and power supply, the thicker the power cable will need to be due to the natural voltage drop over transmission. However, for most runs of under 100 feet, our standard cable gauge will work just fine.2. Getting the video signal from cameras to DVR .In order to ensure a clean video signal, you should always use a high quality cable that resists interference from high voltage power lines in your house, appliances, high powered radios, etc.Once you have answered these basic questions, the selection of your system components should be simple. If you require help in designing your system, providing the answers to these questions will virtually insure that your sales consultant delivers the right security system for your needs.

2. Choose the Right Recording Device

First, ask yourself the question, "What are my key needs?" To select the best video recorder for your needs, you must consider the following requirements:Lifestyle - Do you spend much time at your property? Do you travel? Answers to these questions will determine whether or not you need a DVR with a large hard drive. This gives you plenty of recording time so that you can view events that happened weeks earlier.Remote monitoring - All of our DVRs come ready to connect to the internet. All you need is a high speed DSL or Cable connection at your property.Notification - We highly recommend that a DVR for busy lifestyles be equipped with email or SMS notification. DVRs offering these features can be programmed to alert you when suspicious activity occurs. Some DVRs will even send you still shots or video clips of recent activities.Record times - When it comes to recording capacity, the critical question you need ask yourself is, "If a crime does occur, what is the longest amount of time that passes until I′m notified?" If you′re absolutely certain that you be notified within just a few days - even if you′re out of town - then almost any sized hard drive will work.Hard Drives: We highly recommend that you purchase a pre-installed hard drive vs. installing one yourself.Networking your DVR: Every DVR includes a simple, step-by-step guide to networking your device so that you can view video from anywhere in the world via the internet.The benefits of H.264 compression technologyIncreased storage capacity - H.264 will give 42% longer recording time than the popular MPEG-4 compression methodEnhanced image quality - H.264 delivers cleaner, crisper images at high frame ratesFaster video transmission - H.264 produces smaller file sizes, resulting in faster transmission of your data when remote monitoring your cameras across the world-wide-web.

3. Select the Perfect Cameras

Primary Features

There are several primary features of each camera that you will need to consider:Resolution: Image resolution measures the level of detail an image holds, and can play a pivotal role in the successful identification of a suspect or details of a criminal activity. So, don′t skimp; invest in a camera that produces higher resolution, especially for your cameras positioned to capture specific details.Lux: A camera′s lux is a measure of the light required to capture a viewable image. The lower the lux, the better the camera can see in low light conditions.Infrared (IR) cameras, for example, can see in complete darkness, so they are measured at 0 lux when in IR mode. Crime most often happens in low light situations, so we encourage you to select cameras with the lowest lux possible.Focal length/FOV: The focal length of a camera lens determines how wide or narrow the camera field of view will be. Lower focal lengths or wider fields of view are normally used to cover broad areas so that activities can be documented. Higher focal lengths are used to obtain greater detail of people or vehicles passing through choke points such as doors or gates.Additionally, higher focal lengths are useful when the area to be viewed is far away. To calculate the exact focal length you need for a specific camera location, use our online tool.Fixed vs. vari-focal lenses: Fixed lenses cannot zoom in or out, and offer a perfect focus for a pre-determined focal length. Vari-focal lenses can be adjusted to customize your field of view during installation.Audio: Adding a high quality microphone to your system can add another dynamic to your surveillance capabilities. A well placed microphone can record culprits giving away details about themselves, where they live, names, and more.Some cameras feature audio capabilities, or you can purchase an independent microphone separately and integrate with your system.

Form factors

There are several different form factors to select from in most camera categories, each offering unique advantages based upon the application.For instance, box cameras are often mounted to provide a visible deterrent for criminals, while dome cameras are often used for applications requiring the camera to blend into the environment.Box cameras (also called fixed cameras or security style cameras)Our security style cameras afford you the ultimate in flexibility. They will accept well over 2000 different lens sizes and work with all industry standard mounting brackets. Enclosures are available to make them discrete, vandalproof or weatherproof.Because security style cameras have that classic look, they are typically used as a crime deterrent, clearly announcing to people that they are under surveillance.Dome camerasDome style cameras are designed for subtlety, and are perfect for any application requiring inconspicuous security, such as upscale restaurants, office spaces, or homes. Dome cameras now offer virtually every feature available in a single housing - so they are extremely easy to install.Bullet camerasLike domes, bullet cameras are available with a variety of options and come in a single housing ready for quick installation. Bullet style cameras can be very discrete, available as small as ?" in diameter.Bullet style cameras are an excellent choice when the mounting location requires a small camera or the camera to be articulated at unusual angles.Bullet cameras are also available in larger sizes, allowing for more powerful zoom lenses and long range infrared illumination.

Capabilities

IndoorIndoor cameras are typically smaller and less conspicuous. They are designed to be lightweight so that even ceiling tiles can support them, and are usually not weather or vandal-proof.Indoor cameras are typically less expensive than their outdoor counterparts, but are still designed for years of reliable service.

OutdoorOutdoor cameras are also referred to as weatherproof or vandal-proof cameras, as the heavy duty materials and construction required for resistance to the elements typically makes it resistant to vandalism as well.Screws and adjustments on all of our weatherproof cameras are tamper-resistant, and the housings are able to withstand severe blows from the most determined criminals.

Wide Dynamic Range (WDR)Wide dynamic range enables the cameras to deliver video with near perfect exposure in the harshest of lighting conditions. To accomplish this, they use advanced digital processing to capture two images at different exposures, and then combine them into a single image.WDR cameras are ideal for challenging lighting situations, such as doorways or windows, looking into car headlights, or any application looking into a direct light source. They are also ideal in opposite conditions, looking from a well lit area into a darker area.

Infrared (IR)Infrared lighting is invisible to the human eye but very visible to many surveillance cameras, allowing you to watch suspects who feel protected by the darkness. IR illumination can provide your camera the benefits of traditional lighting, while conserving electricity & light pollution.IR cameras are not designed to illuminate vast areas. They are designed to be focused on key areas and should be pointed at critical points of entry such as doors, gates, and other likely avenues of approach. When selecting an IR camera, be sure to get one with more range than you need. If your subject area is 60′ away, get an IR camera that will see up to 75′.

Day/Night (D/N)The D/N feature improves low light sensitivity, delivering a sharper image in low light conditions, and enabling the cameras to see in the dark with the help of external IR illuminators. D/N cameras work like color cameras, and upon sensing lower light levels instantly switch to a more light sensitive black and white mode.

Wide AngleWide angle cameras offer a much higher field of view than standard cameras, allowing you to use a single camera to cover areas that would otherwise require more than one. Wide angle cameras are commonly used in entryways, small rooms, courtyards, and inside vehicles.The cameras shown here are some of our best selling cameras for the applications provided. Other cameras available include:

Pan-Tilt-ZoomPTZ cameras can automatically tour areas you specify, and can actually track the movements of suspicious people or vehicles when optional video analytic devices are used. Learn more about the benefits of PTZ cameras.

Internet Protocol (IP) or DigitalIP cameras offer higher image quality than analog cameras. They provide up to 25% more resolution than analog cameras with similar imagers. The fundamental difference between an IP based and an analog camera is that an IP camera is truly digital from end to end.The camera takes on the role of a DVR for compression, video motion detection, and image adjustments, and transmits a fully digital stream back to your recorder across your IP network. IP recording software may offer some additional features, but the camera does most of the work.

Conversely, cameras used in traditional analog systems use coaxial video cable to transmit their images directly to a digital video recorder, and typically require a dedicated cable for every camera. While the video is recorded digitally, there are multiple conversions from analog to digital signals before storing, often resulting in lower image quality than IP.Larger IP projects will often deliver a reduction in overall installation cost, as the cameras can operate over existing network infrastructures which eliminates costly labor of pulling thousands of feet of cabling.

4. Invest in a Security Monitor

CRT vs. LCD: For the most part, the entire security industry has shifted completely to LCDs... thankfully!Security grade LCD monitors are easier to view for long periods, don′t have the screen burn-in from looking at static objects, last twice as long, save space, cost less to ship and are now more affordable to you!"Security Grade" - Why our LCDs vs. off-the-shelf models? Security grade LCDs are quite different than off-the-shelf models. Most importantly, most off-the-shelf LCDs don′t feature BNC inputs, and are incompatible with security DVRs.Security grade monitors offer several inputs including BNC, VGA, composite video, audio and HDMI, making them compatible with virtually any DVR on the market.Additionally, most of our LCDs feature built-in speakers, allowing you to take advantage of the 2nd dimension of surveillance - audio.Small form factors: Supercircuits offers smaller LCD displays, which make for fantastic monitors to place on desks, living rooms and even night stands.Of course, these smaller monitors typically don′t replace your regular monitor, but they are ideal to use around the house to see who is at the front door or to make sure customers are being served immediately.To use a secondary monitor, all that is needed is an extra video cable to connect to your DVR.Test Monitors: During installation, these small LCDs make it easy to position and focus your cameras. As an added bonus, after the install you can use it as a secondary monitor on your night stand or desk.

5. Don′t Forget About Cabling!

CablingQuality: Cheap video cable is the primary source of poor video signals. Paying a small premium for security grade, high gauge cable will save you many frustrations, time and money in the long run. So don′t skimp.Supercircuits offers high-quality power and video cable, backed by industry leading warranties to protect your investment.Pre-terminated: For your convenience, Supercircuits offers pre-terminated power and video cables, so they are virtually plug & play - no special tools needed.Length: Cable typically comes in 25′, 50′, and 100′ segments. Most cable runs for cameras are well below 100 feet, but if you need longer cables - no problem. We′ll be happy to provide pre-terminated cables to the exact length you need. We also offer bulk rolls of cable so that you can cut them to length on site.Power suppliesQuality: All Supercircuits turn-key systems come with a regulated power supply for each camera. These power supplies deliver just the right amount of power to the camera, which can add several years of life to your product.Options: Many of our professional customers prefer to upgrade to multi-camera power supplies. These only require a single power outlet, simplify the use of a UPS power backup, and provide for a clean, neat installation.

2. Mount camerasThis takes just a few minutes with our MB-14 universal mounting brackets. The MB-14 is easy to install on drop ceiling t-rails, drywall or paneling.

3. Install lensSimply screw on the lens. Many of our video security systems come complete with a 2 to 12mm zoom lens, which makes it easy to get the exact camera view you want.

4. Connect camera cablesOur systems come with an all-in-one video and power cable. With drop ceilings found in most modern commercial buildings, running this single cable is very easy.

5. Connect processor or DVRConnect the other end of the cable to your processor or DVR. Connect the power supplies to the video cables.

6. Make final adjustmentsConnect the cable from the processor or DVR to the monitor and connect the power cables. Power up the system and make final lens and camera angle adjustments.

Description

Safety comes first. No matter how careful you are, some accidents cannot avoid. Therefore install a camera to monitor what is happening. This camera adopts latest technology; it can satisfy your demands. Everything will be recorded by this camera very clearly. If you playback, you can find some clues definitely. It can provide you high resolution images and videos. Made of high quality material, it can be used for a long time. You can install and operate it without any difficulties for its simple design. You can set your worries aside and place an order. This camera will never let you down.

Extra Info

Although the way security cameras are used hasn′t changed that much over the years there have been significant advances in the technology used in cameras. Today′s cameras are, cheaper, smaller, and better than ever and the recording equipment is far more sophisticated and rich in features.

We want to make the sometimes confusing search for CCTV monitoring and recording systems easier for you. This guide is written to help you select the best and most economical type of video surveillance equipment for your application. It will also help you learn more about cameras, lenses, Digital Video Recorders (DVR), cabling, power supplies, and related accessories.

Wired VS Wireless

Wired security cameras are the optimal choice, as they provide the best video quality, zero interference, and are cost effective. They can be installed hundreds of feet away from the security DVR system.

With wired security cameras you do not have to power the camera locally. Siamese cable provides video and power in the same cable, so you can connect your cameras to the DVR and power them remotely. We have a comprehensive inventory of wired security cameras. We also offer Siamese cable pre-cut to commonly used lengths and on a spool. For runs longer than 700 Ft., we recommend using CAT5e cable and Balun connectors. Using this method, the video signal can be transmitted up to about 1,300 Ft.

Wireless cameras are relatively expensive and are not as reliable as wired systems. Most wireless systems are Line of Sight (LOS). Remember that wireless security cameras require power to operate. So even though by going with a wireless solution you can eliminate the need for coaxial cable for video transmission, you still have to wire the camera to a power source.

Cameras & Lenses

There are many security cameras available on the market today, it would be impossible to cover them all in this short guide so we will focus on popular and widely used camera types instead. Security cameras produce images using CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) or CCD (Charge Couple Device) chips. The size of the chip is normally 1/4", 1/3" or 1/2". As a rule of thumb, the larger the chip size, the higher the quality of the image produced and the higher the price. However, with advances in technology, higher density 1/4" and 1/3" CCD chips can now produce as high an image quality as many older 1/3" or 1/2" chips. The most popular size is 1/3" and you don′t see many cameras with 1/2" anymore.

Some of the more popular security camera types are dome cameras which are aesthetically more pleasing. They blend into your surroundings especially with drop down ceilings and are great for use in stores, lobbies and other public places. Infrared cameras have become very popular in recent years for their ability to film in total darkness by the use of IR illuminators.

Traditional CCTV security cameras are larger and are often referred to as "full body" cameras or "box cameras". They are usually sold without a lens, which gives you the advantage of being able to choose the right lens for the application.

Pan/Tilt/Zoom (PTZ) cameras are still relatively expensive and are typically designed for select applications such as in law enforcement and casinos. As the name implies, PTZ cameras can pan, tilt and provide optical zoom and are best deployed when an operator is available to actively monitor and manipulate the PTZ camera.

Spy cameras are small and often disguised making them the cameras of choice for covert applications.

Lens Field of View Comparison

The shooting angle and distance of the camera depend on: the CCD sensitive target size of the gut and the grade of the lens. The former is formulated by the components and parts makers according to the related international standard, so usually it is impossible to change. Therefore, the shooting angle and distance of the camera only lie on the grade of the lens, which is expressed with millimeters. The common grades are 3.6mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 12mm, 16mm, 25mm etc.. The larger the number shows the greater shooting distance is, but narrower the shooting scope is. The smaller the number shows the wider shooting scope is, but the closer shooting distance is. So there is no such camera to shoot both a wide scope and long distance.

The larger the number shows the greater shooting distance is, but narrower the shooting scope is. The smaller the number shows the wider shooting scope is, but the closer shooting distance is.

Outside - Parking Lot

License plate is 150′ from camera

Inside - Office Setting

Warning sign is 25′ from camera

Higher Resolution and HD Video

Megapixel IP cameras can capture High Definition Video (HD Video) and provide greater detail improving identification. A 2 megapixel camera is an excellent choice for an application such as capturing license plates and can cover a 24 foot wide point of entry or exit.

Electronic Pan/Tilt/Zoom (ePTZ)

Zoom has always been available with analog cameras, but is often slow and relies on live video information. With megapixel cameras, you can zoom, pan and tilt with your previously recorded video surveillance data that has been stored on a Network Video Recorder (NVR).

Wide Coverage

One of the factors that has contributed to the explosive popularity of megapixel IP cameras is their ability to provide wider coverage and more detail. A 2-megapixel IP camera can cover an area 6 times greater than an analog camera. With a 2-megapixel camera potentially taking the place of 6 Analog cameras, the installation costs can be significantly reduced (see the diagram below).

Camera Specifications

This section will help you understand basic camera specifications and their effect on the performance of the camera.

Analog camera resolution or picture quality is measured by the number of horizontal lines the chip in the camera provides. It is called "TV lines of resolution" or TVL. The higher the TVL, the better the quality of the image.

Standard image quality is 380TVL to 420TVL.

High image quality is 480TVL.

Very high image quality is 540TVL to 700TVL.

Color VS Black & White Security Cameras

Color cameras are the preferred choice for most applications, however, black and white cameras are slightly cheaper, more sensitive to light and can see better in lower light conditions.

IR security cameras turn to black and white during low light conditions and return to color in good light conditions. IR cameras have gained popularity due to this flexibility.

Indoor VS Outdoor Cameras

If you are installing a camera outside and it is not going to be mounted in a weatherproof camera housing, it must be a weather resistant camera. All of our outdoor cameras are fully weather resistant.

Lux & Light Sensitivity

The light sensitivity of a camera is measured in Lux.

If a candle is one foot away from an object, it throws one foot candle of light illumination onto the object. This is about 10 "Lux," and is an informal definition of Lux. The luminescent value of Lux tries to relate the energy per unit area falling on a surface to what the human eye perceives.

Direct sunlight

100,000 - 130,000 Lux

Full daylight, indirect sunlight

10,000 - 20,000 Lux

Overcast day

1,000 Lux

Indoor office

200 - 400 Lux

Very dark day

100 Lux

Twilight

10 Lux

Deep twilight

1 Lux

Full moon

0.1 Lux

Quarter moon

0.01 Lux

Moonless clear night sky

0.001 Lux

Auto Iris VS Manual Iris

Auto iris lenses are a good choice for locations where light is constantly changing, such as an outside parking lot and building entrances. The iris for these lenses automatically opens and closes according to the changing light conditions. Manual iris lenses are a good candidate for areas with consistent light, such as shopping centers, schools, libraries, and offices. Manual iris lenses are good for these types of locations because the iris setting of the lens only needs to be set once during the installation. Manual iris lenses are less expensive than their auto-iris counterpart.

Recording Equipment

With regard to surveillance and digital video recording, there are 3 main categories of recording equipment: PC-based DVRs and Standalone DVRs and NVRs.

PC-based DVRs

PC-based DVRs are built around a PC running on the Windows operating system. In addition to the usual components that are used to build a PC, a video capture card with 4, 8, 12, 16 or 32 camera inputs is required. The capture card receives analog video from the cameras and converts it to a digital signal. It then compresses that digital signal and stores it on the hard disk drive for archiving and playback. The DVR software also provides live view, remote access, camera control and other administrative functions. PC-based DVRs are easier to use, more feature-rich, and usually cost more than standalone DVR′s. You can add more cameras to a PC-based DVR at a later time by adding additional video capture cards or extension cards (as available per manufacturer).

Some people are under the misconception that any personal computer with a DVR capture card will do the job. Many crashes, system lock-ups and instabilities that consumers (end users) are faced with can be blamed on poorly designed computers that do not have the processing power for handling multi camera video processing.

Standalone DVRs

Standalone DVRS run on Linux operating systems that are designed to run a single application. Standalone DVRs are not as feature-rich as their PC-based counterpart, but are a good choice for those less comfortable with PCs, or for applications where the environment would inhibit the use of a PC. They are more cost-effective for some applications. The Standalone DVR software provides live view, remote access, camera control and other administrative functions; however some of the entry level standalone DVRs may not offer remote access.

Motion Detection

Motion detection is built into the DVR software and is not a camera function. DVR software analyzes the video frames coming from the camera frame by frame and when it detects change in the frame or movement it will start recording. The sensitivity of motion detection can be adjusted to increase sensitivity or to eliminate false triggers. The more sophisticated DVRs allow the user to define areas where motion can be ignored, such as ignoring the movement of a ceiling fan. Other advanced features are available such as object left behind and missing object detection.

Cable Types

Most security camera video signals are transmitted using coaxial cable like RG59 and RG6. The most popular cable is Siamese Cable, which is a combination of RG59 for video and a pair of 22-gauge wires in one jacket for power. This design makes it so that you only need to run one cable for each camera. This type of cable is good for runs under 750′ and comes on spools of 500′ or 1000′. Using RG6, you can achieve runs longer than 750′. However, most CCTV professionals use CAT5e and Balun connectors for cable runs over 750′. Pre-cut Plug-n-play Siamese Cable is available from 25′ up to 150′ and is a good choice for a casual install.

Security Monitors

Depending on the type of DVR, video from cameras can be displayed on a regular TV monitor or PC monitor. Most PC-based DVRs and recent Standalone DVRs provide both options.

Power Supplies

Each camera requires a power source. There are two types of power supplies: 12V DC and 24V AC. Most cameras operate on 12V DC. Individual power supplies are a good choice for 1-2 camera projects. If you have 3 or more cameras, a multi-port power supply is advisable. You can connect 4, 8 or 16 cameras to a multi-port power supply.

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