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Page 01 of 36

W.W. PORREST Page '1 of 30

DRAFT

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS IN PROCESS PLANT TECHNOLOGY

"CAN THE EQUIPMENT MATCH THE PROCESS CHALLENGE?*"

W.W. Forrest, BSc, C Eng, MI Mech E.

Pullman Kellogg Ltd

Stadium Way

Wembley

Middlesex

SYNOPSIS

There ~ii be a demand worldwide for both conventional and advanced design equipment to meet the future requirements of the ch~ical processing industries. ~e type of devel0pme~'~ will be influenced largely by the costs of raw materials, desire to conse~e natural resources and need to protect the envlro~ent.

~e impact ~e~ese facto~ have on different marketing areas of the world,

Page 02 of 36

WoW. FORREST

Page 2 of 30

I. INTRODUCTION

The chemist's dream is usually limited by the physical characteristics of the equipment and the economics of the process. On both these points there will be significant changes in the future. The whole chemical process industry is changing and will continue to change as many developing countries build up their own chemical industries and consequently change the current marketing patterns. The cost impact of oil based feedstocks will also continue to play a major role in the development of low energy processes and related'h~gh efficiency machinery.

,~complex picture very quickly emerges, in the 011 and gas based drocarbon processing industry, where there are equipment markets in

developing countries, which may or may not have~/~iij based feedstocks and may or may not be concerned about energy conservation as well as equipment markets in developed countries, some of which have~oll based feedstocks but all are concerned with conservation.

Page 03 of 36

W.W. FORREST Page '3 of 30

2. NI"IY DEVELOP?

There are many diverse reasons why there will be process and equipment developments in the future but each country has its own objectivesa~d it is necessary to understand that there is no simple universal answer when trylng to predict what the future is likely to hold.

It should also not be assumed that there will be development, universally.

In the United Kingdom (UK), Western Europe (WE) and North America (NA) the main reasons for development are seen to be:

High cost of.lmported hyd=ocarbon feedstocks.

Conservation of dwindling, high value natural resources.

Social pressures on the environment in terms of liquid and gaseous pollution, noise and safety at work.

In the rest of the world the following may be reasons for change:

Crippling cost of importing oil based feedstocks for countries with no oll based natural resources.

2. High value of hydrocarbon product will make recovery of flared gas econc~nlcally attractive.

Page 04 of 36

W.W. FORREST Page 4 of 30

3. Developing oil rich countries will demand an improved share In~ the profits from upgrading the crude oil to the finished product.

objectives for process developments and subsequent{,,eq~uipme~nt~ <~ievelopment,~" are different in different area~ of the wo~ld,

In the UK/WE there will be a strong emphasis on lower energy and higher e...