In chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), hearing loss is a marking and almost ubiquitous feature. It is estimated that the degree to which hearing is compromised is directly proportional to the damage caused to the structures of the middle ear. We believe that hearing thresholds may be influenced by factors such as the size and location of the tympanic perforation, presence of ossicular chain erosion or disarticulation as well as presence of cholesteatoma and its growth patterns. Objective: To compare air conduction thresholds, bone conduction thresholds and air-bone gaps between children and teenagers with chronic otitis media with (CCOM) and without cholesteatoma (NCCOM). Compare air-bone gap values between cholesteatoma’s growth patterns. Check the relation between number of perforated quadrants and size of air-bone gaps. Compare air-bone gap between tympanic perforations in posterior quadrants against those in anterior quadrants. Methods: Transversal study with 202 children and teenagers (287 ears), aged between 6 and 18, with chronic suppurative otitis media with or without cholesteatoma, submitted to digital videotoscopy and pure tone audiometry. Results and Conclusions: Air and bone conduction thresholds as well as air-bone gaps in children and teenagers with CCOM are significantly larger in all frequencies. There were no significative differences in air-bone gaps between epitympanic and posterior mesotympanic cholesteatomas. In NCCOM, gap value is positively correlated to number of quadrants with tympanic perforation. There was no significative difference between the airbone gaps in tympanic perforations affecting the posterior and anterior quadrants.

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