New Exchequer Dam design, in 1963, was in the transition period in which dumped rockfill was being recognized as having undesirable settlement characteristics, and compaction of rockfill in small lifts was beginning to be required, so as to minimize settlements. Additionally, this design transition period witnessed substantial improvements being made in concrete face slab design. Furthermore, the rockfill zone design immediately under the face slab was in initial transition from massive dry masonry to coarse crushed rock. These three basic details, having not been perfected sufficiently in 1963, resulted in large settlements, joint and face slab damage, and high leakage.