Lactobacillus casei strains have traditionally been recognized as probiotics and frequently used as adjunct culture in fermented dairy products where lactic acid stress is a frequently encountered environmental condition. We have investigated the effect of lactic acid stress on the cell membrane of L. casei Zhang [wild type (WT)] and ...

UV radiation from the sun is a potent environmental risk factor in the pathogenesis of skin damage. Much of the skin damage caused by ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation from the sun is associated with oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of ellagic acid ...

The design of new amphoteric catalysts is of great interest for several industrial processes, especially those covering dehydration and dehydrogenation phenomena. Adsorption microcalorimetry was used to monitor the design of mixed oxides of zinc with Group 3 elements (aluminium, gallium, indium) with amphoteric character and enhanced specific surface area. Acid-base ...

Green tea is one of the most-consumed beverages due to its taste and antioxidative polyphenols. However the protective effects of green tea and its constituent, gallic acid (GA) against kainic acid (KA)-induced seizure have not been studied. We investigated the effect of fresh green tea leaf (GTL) and GA on ...

In this paper, studies were conducted in order to improve the calculation accuracy of acid-base constants measured by inverse gas chromatography. The conventional [Formula: see text] parameters of DCM (dichloromethane), TCM (trichloromethane), and EtAcet (ethyl acetate) were corrected as 185, 212, and 235Å(2)(mJ/m(2))(0.5) by analyzing the relationship between [Formula: see ...

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine foodborne pathogenic bacterium commonly found in seawater or seafood. This bacterium often encounters low salinity stress when the contaminated seafood is washed with fresh water during food processing. This study was conducted to investigate the response of exponential- and stationary-phase cells of V. parahaemolyticus ST550 ...

1,8-Naphthoylene(trifluoromethylbenzimidazole)-4,5-dicarboxylic acid imide (NTFBII) derivatives were synthesized. The OFET devices based on these new materials showed typical n-type OFET behavior and achieved an electron mobility as high as 0.10 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) with good bias stress stability.

The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera is a polyphagous pest in Asia, Africa, and the Mediterranean Europe. Salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) are the cell signaling molecules produced in response to insect attack in plants. The effect of these signaling molecules was investigated on the oxidative phosphorylation and oxidative ...

Aims: Resistance to acidic stress contributes to bacterial persistence in the host and is thought to promote their passage through the human gastric barrier. The aim of this study was to examine whether or not nucleosides have a role in the survival under acidic conditions in Escherichia coli. Methods and ...

Dietary restriction, or reduced food intake without malnutrition, increases life span, health span, and acute stress resistance in model organisms from yeast to nonhuman primates. Although dietary restriction is beneficial for human health, this treatment is not widely used in the clinic. Here, we show that short-term, ad libitum feeding ...

The Raman spectra of crystalline tribromoacetic acid (CBr(3)COOH), its deuterated analog (CBr(3)COOD) and a partially deuterated acid (CBr(3)COOD/H) have been measured using Raman spectroscopy. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been carried out in order to compare the measured spectra with the calculated ones and the bands have been assigned. ...

Cinnamic acid (C(9)H(8)O(2)), is a major constituent of the oriental Ayurvedic plant Cinnamomum cassia (Family: Lauraceae). This phenolic acid has been reported to possess various pharmacological properties of which its antioxidant activity is a prime one. Therefore it is rational to hypothesize that it may ameliorate myelosuppression and oxidative stress ...

The effect of wheat chromosome 5A on free amino acid accumulation induced by osmotic stress was compared in chromosome 5A substitution lines with different freezing tolerance. Treatment with 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG) resulted in greater total free amino acid content even after 3 days compared to the controls. The ratio ...

One of the key factors responsible for the development of type 2 diabetes is the loss of functional pancreatic β cells. This occurs due to a chronic exposure to a high fatty acid environment. ER stress is caused by an accumulation of irreversible misfold or unfold protein: these trigger the ...

We studied the ionization process of aromatic carboxylic acids, including ones with or without hydroxy groups in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), because many natural products, metabolites, and drags contain those structural units. In the actual experimental data, benzoic acid was ionized as only deprotonated molecule [M-H](-). In contrast, ...

Omega-3 fatty acids are important for several neuronal and cognitive functions. Altered omega-3 fatty acid status has been implicated in reduced resistance to stress and mood disorders. We therefore evaluated the effects of repeated restraint stress (6 h/day for 21 days) on adult rats fed omega-3 deficient, control or omega-3 ...

Acid content is one of the important quality attributes in determining the maturity index of agricultural product, particularly fruits. Despite the fact that much research on the measurement of acidity in fruits through non-destructive spectroscopy analysis at NIR wavelengths between 700 to 1,000 nm has been conducted, the same response ...

Sialic acids are substituted neuraminic acid derivatives which are typically found at the outermost end of glycan chains on the membrane in all cell types. The role of erythrocyte membrane sialic acids during aging has been established however the relationship between sialic acid and oxidative stress is not fully understood. ...

At high field (7 T) spectral editing of γ-aminobutyric acid with MEGA-point-resolved spectroscopy is inefficient due to the large chemical shift displacement error. In this article, a new pulse sequence is designed which has minimal chemical shift displacement error to perform an efficient spectral editing of the γ-aminobutyric acid 3.0 ...

α-Lipoic acid is an important micronutrient with several pharmacological as well as antioxidant properties. The present study was aimed to examine the human bioavailability, pharmacokinetics (PK) and tolerability of an innovative oral formulation (ALA600) containing racemic α-lipoic acid 600 mg. After a single 600-mg oral administration in healthy volunteers, blood ...

The use of colistin in the treatment of life-threatening Gram-negative infections is associated with a high rate of nephrotoxicity that is dose limiting. This study aimed to examine the nephroprotective effect of ascorbic acid against colistin-induced nephrotoxicity. Rats were treated intravenously twice daily with saline, colistin (cumulative dose of 36.5 ...

A series of 6-methyl-4-[1-(2-substituted-phenylamino-acetyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-2-oxo/thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid ethyl esters (1-16) were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their antimicrobial and anticancer potential. 6-Methyl-4-{1-[2-(4-nitro-phenylamino)-acetyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (15, pMIC(ec) = 2.50 μM/mL) was found to be almost equipotent to the standard drug, norfloxacin (pMIC(ec) = 2.61 μM/mL) against Escherichiacoli and emerged as most potent antimicrobial agent (pMIC(am) = 1.84 μM/mL). 4-{1-[2-(2-Chloro-4-nitro-phenylamino)-acetyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ...

The Alternaria mycotoxin tenuazonic acid was derivatized with succinic anhydride and conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and to horseradish peroxidase (HRP), respectively. The KLH conjugate was used to produce polyclonal antibodies in rabbits. A competitive direct enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for tenuazonic acid was established, which was moderately sensitive for ...

To separate and determine oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, a rapid and accurate HPLC using γ-CD as the mobile phase additive was developed. The effect of CD nature and concentration, and the acidity of the mobile phase on the chromatographic behavior of two bioactive triterpenes were systematically studied. Two bioactive ...

Betulinic acid is a natural product possessing abundant and favourable biological activity, including anti-cancer, anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory and anti-HIV properties, while causing minimal toxicity to unaffected cells. The full biological potency of betulinic acid cannot be fully unlocked, however, for a number of reasons, a primary one being its limited solubility ...

: To evaluate the influence of lactic acid on immune mediator release from vaginal epithelial cells. : The human vaginal epithelial cell line, VK2/E6E7, was cultured in the presence or absence of physiological concentrations of lactic acid, and in the presence or absence of the viral Toll-like receptor 3 agonist, ...

Vector control is facing a threat due to emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. Compounds that mediate the oviposition of mosquitoes: a possible sustainable tool for the control and monitoring of Culicidae. The present study to evaluate oviposition attractancy of dodecanoic, hexadecanoic and tetradecanoic acid (isolated from conspecific eggs) against ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding n-3 fatty acids (FA) and α-tocopherol (VE) to semen extender on freezing ability and FA composition of bull sperm. Semen was collected from 10 Iranian Holstein bulls and was pooled. In the first experiment, semen was divided into ...

Codling moth, Cydia pomonella, (L.), is a cosmopolitan pest of apple, potentially causing damage to circa 80% of the fruit. Currently used methods of combating this insect are inadequate or harmful to environment. The use of plant-derived semiochemicals for manipulation with fruit-infesting behavior is one of new avenues for controlling ...

To investigate the larvicidal and repellent efficacy of tetradecanoic acid against Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) L. and Culex quinquefasciatus (Cx. quinquefasciatus) Say (Diptera: Culicidae). Larvicidal efficacy of tetradecanoic acid was tested at various concentrations against the early third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. The repellent activity was ...

A novel fluorescence quenching method for the determination of tetracaine hydrochloride (TA·HCl) concentration with some aromatic amino acids as fluorescence probe has been developed. In pH 6.3 acidic medium, tryptophane (Trp), tyrosine (Tyr) or phenylalanine (Phe) can react with tetracaine hydrochloride to form an ion-association complex by electrostatic attraction, aromatic ...

Following previous work on the anti-giardial effect of blueberry polyphenols, a range of polyphenol-rich extracts from berries and other fruits was screened for their ability to kill Giardia duodenalis, an intestinal parasite of humans. Polyphenol-rich extracts were prepared from berries using solid-phase extraction and applied to trophozoites of Giardia duodenalis ...

The content of total polyphenols, flavonoids and coumarins in the aerial parts of pineapple weed (Chamomilla suaveolens (Pursh) Rydb.), growing wild in Estonia, was determined chromato-spectrophotometrically, and individual polyphenols were quantified using HPLC-DAD-MS/MS. The total content of polyphenols was rather similar in flowers (9.1-11.5%) and in whole aerial parts (8.4-10.9%) ...

Wetlands play a major role in the export of methylmercury (MeHg) to a watershed. The large contribution of wetlands to watersheds in northern Wisconsin, coupled with the acidic environment of this area, makes these habitats especially vulnerable to mercury (Hg) accumulation by biota. The purpose of this study was to ...

In this study, the composition of fatty oil from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae and its cardiotonic activity on the heart isolated from a toad were studied. Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions of fatty oil were prepared by the perfusion method. The fatty oil had a positive inotropic effect on isolated rat hearts at ...

Ursolic acid (1), a pentacyclic triterpene acid, is one of the major components of certain traditional medicinal plants and possesses a wide range of biological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and cytotoxic activities. Furthermore, 1, when present at 1.6-5 ng/mL concentrations in commercial herbal preparations used for patients with cardiac ...

A novel protein with antitumor activity, Hailongin, was purified from the aqueous extract of the whole body of Trachyrhamphus serratus, which is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, by bioassay-guided fractionation. Hailongin exhibited strong inhibition of proliferation of the tested human cell lines, such as A549, HeLa, LoVo and CCRF-CEM. ...

19-Norspongia-13(16),14-diene-3-one (1) was isolated for the first time from a natural source, along with a series of known spongiane diterpenoids (2-11) and sesquiterpene (12) from two unidentified species belonging to the genus Spongia. The effects of 1, 4, 5, 8-12 on biosynthesis of nucleic acids and embryonic development of the ...