Only in two cases, Venetan has its
own forms: the indirect obj. of 3rd pers. sing/plur (ghe) and the
reflexive of 1st plural (se) which is the same of the reflexive
of 3rd pers. sing /plur. :

It.

gli

parlate

ci

guardiamo

si

guardano

Cat.

li

parleu

ens

mirem

es

miren (elles)

Ven.

ghe

parlè

se

vardémo

Le

se

varda

Sp.

le

habláis

nos

miramos

se

miran

F.

Vous

lui

parlez

Nous

nous

regardons

Elles

se

regardent

Port.

lhe

falais

nos

miramos

se

miram

Rum.

îi

vorbîti

ne

privim

se

privesc

All these languages show similar
structures, respect to subordinate clauses:

It.

so

che

hai

mangiato

Cat.

sé

que

has

menjat

Ven.

so

che

te

ghè

magnà

Sp.

sé

que

has

comido

F.

je

sais

que

tu

as

mangé

Port.

sei

que

tens/has

comido

Rum.

stiu

cå

ai

mînîncat

However, Venetan is more regular
and never omitts che but needs this particle even in the other subordinate
clauses (come che / quando che / chi che…)

Italian speakers often think this
is an error because they base themselves upon the Italian grammar. From
a linguistic point of view, the particle che (called complementizer)
is always present in the deep structure of every language, and some idioms
"suppress" it when speaking:

It.

so

dove

hai

mangiato

Cat.

sé

on

has

menjat

Ven.

so

‘ndo

che

te

ghè

magnà

Sp.

sé

donde

has

comido

F.

je

sais

ou

tu

as

mangé

Port.

sei

onde

tens/has

comido

Rum.

stiu

unde

ai

mînîncat

Respect to auxiliaries, Italian
and French use verb to be with reflexives and agree the past participle
with the subject (masc./ fem./ sing./ plur). On the contrary, Catalan,
Spanish and Venentan, retain the auxiliary to have:

It.

si

è

svegliata

Cat.

s’

ha

despertat (ella)

Ven.

la

se

gà

svejà

Sp.

se

ha

despertado

F.

elle

s’

est

reveillée

Port.

se

tem

despertado

Rum.

s’

a

trezit

No doubts, however, that some sentences
can vary very much according to the language:

It.

Il

negozio

è

chiuso

Cat.

La

botiga

està

tancada

Ven.

La

botéga

la

xè

sarà

Sp.

La

tienda

està

cerrada

F.

Le

magasin

est

fermé

Port.

A

loja

esta

fechada

Rum.

magazinul

este

închis

And with regard to some sintactic
constructions near every language follows its own rules:

It.

Non

ridere!

(no + inf.)

Cat.

No

riguis!

(no + Subj.)

Ven.

No

stà

rìdar(e)!

(no + aux. + inf.)

Sp.

¡No

rias!

(no + Subj.)

F.

Ne

rie

pas!

(ne + imp. + pas
)

Port.

Não

rias!

(no + Subj.)

Rum.

Nu

rîde!

(nu + inf.)

Continuous actions are expressed as follow:

It.

state

scrivendo

molte / tante

lettere!

Cat.

esteu

escrivint

moltes

cartes!

Ven.

sì

drio

scrìvar(e)

tante / un saco de

létare!

Sp.

¡estáis

escribiendo

muchas

cartas!

F.

Vous

ètes

en train de

écrire

beaucoup de

lettres!

Port.

estais

a

escrever

muitas

cartas!

Rum.

stati

scriînd

multe

scrisori!

Final
Notes

N.B.: The Venetan words we have
used appear in the most geografically widespread variant. So we
used profesór whereas dialects of central Venetan have the
form
profesóre. On the other hand the plural is profesuri
as you hear in the central provinces of Pàdova, Vicenza, Rovigo
and in eastern Veronese (the ending
–i produces the narrowing of
ó,
é and sometimes unaccented
o which become
u, i).

In the same way, in central Venetan
the plural of fiór (=flor) is fiuri but in Venice,
western Verona and southern Treviso people say fióri and
in Belluno and northern Treviso people say even fiór (like
in the singular).

The choice of the variants has not been
based upon the language of big towns because, due to reasons of prestige,
they use Italian forms or words of Venice and they do not represent the
dialect of their own territories.

Here you have some examples of the
different variants: the plural form tuxi [tuzi] becomes tóxi
in Venice, western Verona, southern Treviso, and tós in Belluno
and in a part of Treviso territory.

So, te sculti becomes te
scólti in Venice, in western Verona and southern Treviso, and
te
scólta in Belluno and northern Treviso.