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Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese have two verbs meaning have in English. Catalan haver and Spanish haber are used as the auxiliary verb in perfect tenses to mean have/had (followed by the past participle), while tenir and tener are used to show possession (to have, to own, to possess). Haver and haber are also used to express there is/are (hi ha / hay) and there was/were (hi havia / había). In Portuguese, the verb haver can be used in the perfect tenses, but ter is used much more often. Haver can be used to express there is/are (há) and there was/were (habia), but ter is preferred (tem and tinha), especially in Brazil. Go to conjugations of tenir / tener / ter.

English

French

Italian

Catalan

Spanish

Portuguese

Infinitive: to have

avoir

avere

haver

haber

haver

Present: have, has

ai

ho

he / haig

he

hei

as

hai

has

has

hás

a

ha

ha

ha

há

avons

abbiamo

hem

hemos

hemos

avez

avete

heu

habéis

heis

ont

hanno

han

han

hão

Imperfect: had/used to have

avais

avevo

havia

había

havia

avais

avevi

havies

habías

havias

avait

aveva

havia

había

havia

avions

avevamo

havíem

habíamos

havíamos

aviez

avevate

havíeu

habíais

havíeis

avaient

avevano

havien

habían

haviam

Preterite: had

eus

ebbi

haguí

hube

houve

(rare in French or Italian speech)

eus

avesti

hagueres

hubiste

houveste

(alternative Catalan below)

eut

ebbe

hagué

hubo

houve

eûmes

avemmo

haguérem

hubimos

houvemos

eûtes

aveste

haguéreu

hubisteis

houvestes

eurent

ebbero

hagueren

hubieron

houveram

Future: will have

aurai

avrò

hauré

habré

haverei

auras

avrai

hauràs

habrás

haverás

aura

avrà

haurà

habrá

haverá

aurons

avremo

haurem

habremos

haveremos

aurez

avrete

haureu

habréis

havereis

auront

avranno

hauran

habrán

haverão

Conditional: would have

aurais

avrei

hauria

habría

haveria

aurais

avresti

hauries

habrías

haverias

aurait

avrebbe

hauria

habría

haveria

aurions

avremmo

hauríem

habríamos

haveríamos

auriez

avreste

hauríeu

habríais

haveríeis

auraient

avrebbero

haurien

habrían

haveriam

Present Subjunctive: have, has

aie

abbia

hagi

haya

haja

aies

abbia

hagis

hayas

hajas

ait

abbia

hagi

haya

haja

ayons

abbiamo

hàgim

hayamos

hajamos

ayez

abbiate

hàgiu

hayáis

hajais

aient

abbiano

hagin

hayan

hajam

Imperfect Subjunctive: had

eusse

avessi

hagués

hubiera

houvesse

(rare in French speech)

eusses

avessi

haguessis

hubieras

houvesses

(alternative Spanish below)

eût

avesse

hagués

hubiera

houvesse

eussions

avessimo

haguéssim

hubiéramos

houvéssemos

eussiez

aveste

haguéssiu

hubierais

houvésseis

eussent

avessero

haguessin

hubieran

houvessem

Affirmative Imperative: have

Singular familiar you

aie

abbi

he

há

Singular formal you

ayez

abbia

haya

haja

Let's...

ayons

abbiamo

hayamos

hajamos

Plural familiar you

ayez

abbiate

habed

havei

Plural formal you

ayez

abbiano

hayan

hajam

Negative Imperative: don't have

Singular familiar you

n'aie pas

non avere

no hayas

não hajas

Singular formal you

n'ayez pas

non abbia

no haya

não haja

Let's not...

n'ayons pas

non abbiamo

no hayamos

não hajamos

Plural familiar you

n'ayez pas

non abbiate

no hayáis

não hajais

Plural formal you

n'ayez pas

non abbiano

no hayan

não hajam

Gerund: having
Present Participle: having

en ayant
ayant

avendo
avente

havent

habiendo

havendo

Past Participle: had

eu

avuto

hagut

habido

havido

Auxiliary verb in perfect tenses

avoir

avere

haver

haber

ter

The periphrastic past in Catalan is an alternative to the preterite. It is formed by using anar as an auxiliary verb followed by the infinitive.

vaig haver

vas haver

va haver

vam haver

vau haver

van haver

There is an alternative form of the imperfect subjunctive in Spanish, which is more similar to Portuguese. Simply replace -ra- with -se- for all conjugations:

hubiera / hubiese

hubieras / hubieses

hubiera / hubiese

hubiéramos / hubiésemos

hubierais / hubieseis

hubieran / hubiesen

The future subjunctive is only used in formal or literary Spanish, but it is easy to conjugate since it is nearly identical to the imperfect subjunctive forms. The future subjunctive in Portuguese is very common and the same endings are used for the personal infinitive (see below).

Spanish

Portuguese

hubiere

houver

hubieres

houveres

hubiere

houver

hubiéremos

houvermos

hubiereis

houverdes

hubieren

houverem

The personal infinitivein Portuguese uses the infinitive as the stem + the endings of the future subjunctive.

haver

haveres

haver

havermos

haverdes

haverem

There is an alternative form of the past perfect in Portugueuse which only uses one word rather than an auxiliary verb + past participle. These conjugations are quite similar to the imperfect subjunctive conjugations using -ra- in Spanish. However, this simple form is only used in formal or literary Portuguese. (Note that the imperfect subjunctive in Spanish using -ra- can also be used in formal or literary language as an alternative to the compound past perfect.)

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