The phytochemical investigation of two plants from genus Euphorbia, Euphorbia fischeriana Steud and Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata led to the isolation of 28 compounds. Among them, 1-3, 12-13, 20-21, 23-25, and 28 were obtained from E. fischeriana. 14-19, and 22 were acquired from E. ebracteolata. 4-11, and 26-27 were found in both of species, and 20 and 28 are isolated from E. fischeriana for the first time. In addition, acetophenone derivatives (7-9) and diterpenes (10-25) are the basis of E. fischeriana and E. ebracteolata. The abietane, atisane, and kaurane types of diterpenes and acetophenone derivatives could be regarded as good taxonomic markers for two medicinal plants, while lupane type triterpenoids tigliane type diterpenoids and rosane diterpenes demonstrated differences of the two species. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.