Comprehensive Description

Biology

Adults occur usually in slow-moving rivers, estuaries and the upper reaches of backwaters. Prefers shady, marginal areas. Feed on mollusks, crustaceans and other invertebrates as well as vascular plants and detritus. Occasionally feed on fish scales and fins (Ref. 12693). The muscular tissue and viscera are extremely toxic. Common in the aquarium trade, but adults are known to be pugnacious and aggressive with its tankmates (Ref. 12693).