This issue of Perspectives focused on aspects of health and hearing. We summarized the known relationships between nutrition and hearing. Then, we described audiometric findings in cardiovascular risk and disease. We then described emerging electrophysiological techniques used to measure age-related neural changes. Finally, we discussed the complex relationship between hearing and cognition.

This issue of Perspectives on School-Based Issues explores complex persistent speech sound disorders. A persistent speech sound disorder is present when a speech impairment extends beyond 8-9 years of age. Some children with persistent speech sound disorders may attain age-appropriate speech production skills through therapy but have lingering academic difficulties. This issue explains how language, literacy and cognitive challenges persist beyond remediation of the sounds with implications for continuing treatment and caseload management. This issue also provides information on the features of persistent speech sound disorders and how to assess these children in order to identify the full range and limits of their speech sound system. Research is provided about speech perception in children with persistent speech sound disorders and the clinical ramifications and recommendations for children who have perceptual deficits. It also includes a case study of a 22-year-old man, known as BJ, with normal range Nonverbal and severe PSD, specifically Childhood Apraxia of Speech. Longitudinal data on BJ from 3.3 years to 22 years is presented, alongside BJ’s insights into PSD written using email or his electronic communication device. These two sources of information add to the limited body of information about the course of PSD and the experience of PSD.

This issue of Perspectives provides affiliates with the latest updates on potential subtypes of muscle tension dysphonia; the risks associated with steroid use in singers; key terminology for the clinician working with the transgender population; the goals of the Voice and Standing Committee of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health; and the importance of cultural competence in serving the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community. This is an introductory issue of a two-part series focusing specifically on voice and communication services for gender variant individuals.

During early development, gesture use by children can provide insight into what a child thinks and understands about the world during a time in which speech alone may not. This issue of Perspectives addressed gesture’s role in language learning and thinking, providing practical information for speech-language pathologists regarding both language impaired and typically developing populations.

Telepractice has the ability to remotely connect service-providers with clients and highly-qualified supervisors with students. As interest in telepractice increases, new resources are being developed to support its use. This issue of Perspectives on Telepractice addressed a variety of clinical topics of interest to speech-language pathologists, audiologists, clinical training programs, and students. The featured authors described a framework for providing quality e-supervision to students, provided information on a telepractice partnership between a university clinic and a preschool program, and highlighted the resources supplied by the Telehealth Resource Centers.

This issue of Perspectives is focused on ethical and cultural aspects in gerontology. The issue will offer a discussion of ethical and cultural issues impacting the aging population. Articles address the core bioethical tenets that support the work of geriatric clinicians, the role of the speech-language pathologist in end-of-life care, project-based therapy approaches that focus on promotion of advocacy, findings from a longitudinal posthumous study of letter-writing in an older adult, and the use of spaced retrieval in adults with dementia.

This issue of Perspectives focused on use of the Clinical Swallow Evaluation (CSE). Three expert authors debated if the CSE still has a role in dysphagia assessment. Another author provided practice suggestions to address the variability noted within performing a CSE. An article regarding changes in the healthcare environment with suggestions about improving productivity while achieving patient outcomes was also included.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on issues related to behavior management during treatment sessions. The authors have identified this as an area of need for speech language pathologists. Both authors discuss changing how speech language pathologists view the function of behavior during therapy. They also discuss management of treatment environments, reinforcement schedules, fostering collaboration among members of treatment teams, decreasing negative behaviors, and increasing student outcomes while managing the language underpinnings necessary for therapeutic interventions.

This issue of Perspectives addressed a variety of topics in the area of sport-related concussion. Topics covered include a definition of concussion, as well as, risk factors, signs and symptoms, and recovery; the assessment and management of cognitive-communicative deficits following concussion; and, the assessment and management of vestibular and balance issues following concussion.

Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) frequently require support from speech-language pathologists to develop skills in the areas of language and social skills. This issue of Perspectives addressed evidence-based practice to guide decision-making in the areas of assessment, intervention, and supporting families with children with ASD.

This issue of Perspectives focused on basic understanding of genetics and the process that is involved in the creation of specific genes and proteins that are part of the hearing process, the impact of the Affordable Care Act, and principles of solution-focused therapy and how audiologists might better help patients solve their problems related to hearing loss.

This issue of Perspectives covered: (a) background on the United States’ Arab population, linguistic features of Arabic, and implications for language interaction in the perception and production patterns of Levantine Arabic speakers, (b) phonological and syntactic structures of Persian and cross-linguistic interactions for second language speakers, and (c) information about the Turkish language and considerations for clinicians working with Turkish clients.

Children with language disorders frequently require support from speech- language pathologists to develop skills in the area of grammar. This issue of Perspectives addressed evidence-based practice for assessing and providing intervention strategies to support children’s syntactic and morphological skills.

This issue of Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) focuses primarily on AAC and early communication. The selection of papers provides the readers with information on the early differences in pre-intentional communication patterns, the importance of speech-language pathologists in the development of intentional and symbolic forms of communication, strategies for using simple AAC technologies to support communication, and the importance of the development of literacy skills along with the effective use of AAC.

This issue addresses how speech-language pathologists can integrate the Common Core State Standards into their therapy. It also defines executive functioning challenges, explains how they are often a part of autism spectrum disorder and other neurological conditions, how they interfere with academic and social success, and contains suggestions for evaluating and managing executive functioning deficits in the school setting.

This issue of Perspectives first presents the results of a large-scale, jointly developed survey examining the types of evaluation tools used to measure oral reading fluency, as well as accommodations children who stutter may receive during oral reading fluency testing. The next article presents an investigation concerning the relationship of bullying to self-esteem and anxiety in children and teenagers who stutter. The final article discusses how successful coping strategies benefit overall quality of life in adults who stutter.

This issue of Perspectives included a discussion of the use of personal narratives in person-centered audiologic rehabilitation. Also included is a story of an author’s personal journey living with hearing loss, focused on personal reactions to diagnosis and management recommendations. The third article explored the relationship between hearing aid self-efficacy and hearing aid management.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on aspects of care and management for practitioners who provide services to children who are deaf or hard of hearing. The lead article by Bess and Hornsby explores the effects of fatigue in children with hearing loss. Three articles variously address the unique needs of children with mild, minimal and/or unilateral hearing loss. The final article provides insight into the importance of monitoring speech-language performance and progress as well as hearing aid use.

This issue included articles about the genesis of early intervention services for feeding and swallowing disorders, an update regarding services for dysphagia in the schools, nutritional considerations to prevent malnutrition in the patient with dysphagia, information supporting the use of standardized terminology in the area of swallowing disorders, and an article concerning the goals of hospice care and the role of the social worker within the team.

This issue of Perspectives addresses a variety of topics in the area of primary progressive aphasia (PPA). Topics covered include primary progressive aphasia subtypes, right temporal variant of PPA, neuroimaging in PPA, neuropsychological assessment in PPA, and lexical treatments for PPA.

This issue of Perspectives provides affiliates with the latest updates on the use of an integrated implicit-explicit learning approach to voice therapy; the use of twang technique in voice therapy; the treatment of intubation-related dysphonia following preterm birth; and the establishment of an extended voice team network in the community. This issue is the second of a two-part series focusing specifically on effective therapy and monitoring practices across a wide range of voice disorders.

This issue includes papers addressing techniques for speech therapy in children with cleft-palate related speech issues. The papers describe application of motor learning theory to treatment of compensatory misarticulation, a case study in the use of CPAP therapy for hypernasality, and use of music therapy for articulation treatment in children with cleft palate

This issue of Perspectives focused on the International Cluttering Association (ICA) represented by twelve different countries, fluency courses at the ELTE University in Budapest, Hungary, a variety of treatment approaches for cluttering therapy, cluttering treatment and assessment in Poland, international volunteerism and sustainability, and the collaboration between ASHA and PAHO/WHO.

Telepractice has the potential to connect individuals with communication disorders to specialists who can address their unique needs. This issue of Perspectives on Telepractice focused on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and ways that telepractice can be used to provide assessment, intervention, and consultative services to AAC users and their families. The featured authors explored a variety of topics, including the assessment of communication skills in minimally-verbal individuals with autism spectrum disorders, perspectives on the use of telepractice to support families of individuals in the use of a new speech generating device, and a comparison of on-site and telepractice language intervention with an AAC user.

This issue included articles reporting on the relationship between the respiratory system and deglutition, two articles summarizing current research regarding long-standing beliefs that a tracheostomy tube has a direct negative impact on swallowing function, current surgical techniques for addressing aspiration, and esophageal phase dysphagia and a final article outlining treatment considerations for patients with cerebral palsy.

This issue of Perspectives includes research on medical aspects of practice for adults from CLD backgrounds. The following will be covered: (a) ethnogeriatrics and its application to Speech-Language Pathology, (b) access to services for patients with aphasia, and (c) differences in tube feeding decision making.

This issue of Perspectives considers three aspects of care and management for practitioners who provide services to children who are deaf or hard of hearing. Melody Harrison reviews the 2013 American Academy of Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery Clinical Practice Guideline for tympanostomy tube insertion in children with otitis media with effusion. Two articles focus on red flags that affect childrens’ access to auditory input. Eight red flags to watch for in children who have cochlear implants (CI) is the topic of Douglas Sladen’s paper. In the final article, Andrea Bell and K. Todd Houston discuss the barriers to the development of listening and spoken language in children who are deaf or hard of hearing.

This issue of Perspectives is focused on cultural aspects in gerontology. The issue will offer a discussion of cultural issues impacting the aging population. Articles address successful aging as a cultural variable, the speech-language pathologist’s role in assessing cultural variations with patients receiving palliative care, and cultural and linguistic challenges faced by Asian elderly clients in accessing SLP services and integrating the knowledge into practice.

This issue of Perspectives considers three aspects of care and management for practitioners who provide services to children who are deaf or hard of hearing. Melody Harrison reviews the 2013 American Academy of Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery Clinical Practice Guideline for tympanostomy tube insertion in children with otitis media with effusion. Two articles focus on red flags that affect childrens’ access to auditory input. Eight red flags to watch for in children who have cochlear implants (CI) is the topic of Douglas Sladen’s paper. In the final article, Andrea Bell and K. Todd Houston discuss the barriers to the development of listening and spoken language in children who are deaf or hard of hearing.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on issues related to supervision of speech-language pathology assistants (SLPAs) and student clinicians. The article on supervising SLPAs discusses the creation a shared vision between the supervising speech-language pathologist (SLP) and SLPA, effective utilization of SLPAs, responsibilities of the supervising SLP to advocate for the SLPA, defining roles and expectations, and working effectively with SLPAs. The article on supervising student clinicians discusses desirable qualities in supervisors, the benefits to schools of training student clinicians, the responsibilities of the school-based and university supervisors.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on nontraditional therapy approaches for aphasia.
Specific topics include utilizing aphasia group therapy using trained volunteers,
describing an individual treatment approach that demonstrates generalization, and
facilitating life participation in individuals with aphasia.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on a discussion of current topics in aural rehabilitation with a focus on person-centered care and how it can be implemented in audiologic rehabilitation. First is a discussion of the use of personal narratives and ways to incorporate personal narratives into an audiologic practice focusing on the development of skills such as reflective listening, paraphrasing, using open- and closed-ended questions, and silence. The second article discusses shared decision-making and its importance in audiologic rehabilitation as well as the changes required to implement it effectively. Third is a discussion of self-efficacy in patient-centered audiologic rehabilitation for adults with hearing loss, including an overview of self-efficacy theory and its application to audiologic rehabilitation. The article discusses techniques that clinicians can use to promote self-efficacy as well.
This issue of Perspectives focuses on a discussion of current topics in aural rehabilitation with a focus on person-centered care and how it can be implemented in audiologic rehabilitation. First is a discussion of the use of personal narratives and ways to incorporate personal narratives into an audiologic practice focusing on the development of skills such as reflective listening, paraphrasing, using open- and closed-ended questions, and silence. The second article discusses shared decision-making and its importance in audiologic rehabilitation as well as the changes required to implement it effectively. Third is a discussion of self-efficacy in patient-centered audiologic rehabilitation for adults with hearing loss, including an overview of self-efficacy theory and its application to audiologic rehabilitation. The article discusses techniques that clinicians can use to promote self-efficacy as well.

This issue of Perspectives addresses strategies to help SLPs identify and treat children with written language disorders. Topics include early development of writing skills in children with language disorders, the complexities involved in accurately identifying children with dyslexia, the important role of handwriting in academic performance for children with language disorders, and strategies to improve expository writing in children with dyslexia.

This issue of Perspectives includes an invited paper by the 2013 Zemlin Memorial lecturer on the history of models of speech perception and production, and how the methodology of modeling has contributed to our knowledge of how sound is generated by the speaker and then perceived by the listener.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on a study of adults with aphasia in South Africa, Communication Cottages for individuals with aphasia in Finland, speech and language services for individuals with a neurogenic communication disorder in South Korea, and clinical and research issues for professionals working with individuals diagnosed with aphasia in India.

In this issue of Perspectives, authors describe a research project in which undergraduate students engaged in research data collection and analysis, report survey data focused on undergraduate health care students’ knowledge of characteristics of autism spectrum disorder, and describe graduate student experiences with academic service learning with at-risk populations.

This issue of Perspectives focuses primarily on AAC assessments from a variety of perspectives, ranging from assessment for apps to assessing language development in people who use AAC. The selection of papers provides the readers with information on analysis of AAC assessment in school-age children, application of assessment strategies to evaluation of language development of individuals using AAC, the role of an occupational therapist in the AAC assessment process, and the assessment of AAC within long-term acute care medical facilities.

In this issue of Perspectives, Mary Casper leads clinicians through the maze of billing, documentation, and health care reimbursement models for dysphagia services in long-term care. Nancy Swigert directs attention to changes in health care models by presenting the practical need for clinicians to recognize the transition of reimbursement for skilled services moving to reimbursement based upon optimal patient outcomes. Paula Leslie, Nancy Rourke, and Tamara Sacks provide historical and philosophical underpinnings that underscore the role of ethics in medical intervention. And James Coyle touches on ethical considerations in dysphagia and prolonged tracheal intubation.

This issue of Perspectives addresses the communication characteristics and needs of students demonstrating several low-incidence disorders that SLPs may encounter. An article on cleft palate speech describes diagnostic procedures, types of resonance, setting appropriate therapy goals, and strategies for reaching those goals. An article on stuttering uses the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health as an outline to understand the various aspects of the disorder that are in the SLP’s scope of practice and explains comprehensive assessment and treatments with consideration to overall functioning. An article on cochlear implants explains how new advancements in hearing technology enable profoundly deaf children to master skills during typical developmental windows, allowing profoundly deaf students with cochlear implants to be educated in general education classrooms. An article on CHARGE syndrome describes the syndrome and explores common behavior issues along with strategies for managing those behaviors.

This issue of Perspectives discusses how multiple memory systems—including declarative, working memory, and nondeclarative—support language processing and communication. In addition, nondeclarative memory has been shown to support motor skill learning. This issue also addresses the neurobiology of memory systems as it relates to language and motor skill learning.

This issue of Perspectives includes the latest updates on the treatment of severe muscle tension dysphonia; behavioral management of paradoxical vocal fold motion; the use of semi-occluded vocal tract exercises in voice therapy; a comparison of commercially available devices for ambulatory monitoring of voice; the establishment of healthy chest register in young singers; the use of singing as a therapeutic modality within the context of voice therapy; and the protocol for an intensive voice therapy program instituted in Brazil. This issue is part of a two-part series focusing specifically on effective treatment and monitoring practices across a wide range of voice disorders.

This issue of Perspectives considers novel and emerging issues concerning assessment of balance control and vestibular function. We first provide an overview of the contributions of the vestibular system and other systems utilized in balance control and dynamic gait. We then describe a novel training approach that integrates students in audiology and physical therapy in a transdisciplinary assessment program. Finally, we present an overview of vestibular assessment in the post-cochlear implanted patient, with emphasis on the emerging issues particular to a patient with bilateral cochlear implantation.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The issue offers a comprehensive overview for speech-language pathologists working with adults with MCI. Articles address coaching care partners who support loved ones with MCI, the early diagnosis and management of MCI stage of the frontotemporal dementias, intervention framework for MCI, and coding issues related to services for MCI.

Telepractice allows different communication professionals to remotely connect with clients who need their services. This issue of Perspectives focuses on audiology issues and how professionals can use telecommunication technology to address them. Audiologists, speech-language pathologists, and other professionals will find valuable information regarding the use of telepractice to serve individuals’ hearing needs. The featured authors provided a variety of information, including a model teleaudiology program, guidelines for providing telepractice services to clients with hearing loss, the description of a tele-Auditory Brainstem Response (tele-ABR) program being piloted in India, and the details of a telepractice program for patients with tinnitus in the United States.

This issue of Perspectives first presents a clinical scenario of a preschool child who stutters and compares treatment approaches from two clinical perspectives (Palin Parent-Child Interaction Therapy and the Lidcombe Program). The next article discusses how stuttering is presented in online videos and why clinicians should be selective when using YouTube media portraying stuttering for clinical purposes. The final article discusses a successful post-graduate program to advance clinical skills in fluency.

Children with language disorders and/or social pragmatic disorders frequently have concomitant difficulties with executive control. This issue of Perspectives addresses some of the key academic and social challenges that children with executive function disorders face and provides a number of intervention strategies to support executive function development.

This issue of Perspectives focuses primarily on telepractice. The selection of papers provides you with information on the following topics: (1) barriers, including licensure, tele-ethics, basic definitions/equipment, and privacy security; (2) clinical aspects related to tele-AAC, including required and supplementary technology/equipment, resources and personnel needed, training and quality assurance, the range of synchronous and asynchronous tele-AAC services available, the infrastructure needed for each site, and client candidacy; (3) case studies and protocols involving typing for social and academic success; and (4) case studies for telepractice in AAC.

This issue of Perspectives has a theme of new developments in swallowing rehabilitation. Gary McCullough reviews the use of the Mendelsohn maneuver for improving upper esophageal function. John Rosenbek describes the conceptualization of tactile-thermal stimulation and its evolution in clinical practice. Sebastian Doeltgen explores the topic of noninvasive brain stimulation in swallowing rehabilitation. Chantal Lau presents modalities to facilitate oral feeding in healthy preterm infants. And Maggie-Lee Huckabee and Phoebe Macrae encourage clinicians to consider the rehabilitation of neurogenic dysphagia from differing treatment viewpoints.

This issue of Perspectives includes research on narratives in preschool and school-age children from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. The following topics are covered: (a) administration of narrative assessment and intervention strategies in a Response to Intervention (RTI) model as a way to provide explicit language instruction and monitor language growth, and (b) how bilingualism influences preschool grammaticality in children who are enrolled versus not enrolled in daycare.

This issue of Perspectives provides affiliates with the latest updates on implementing strategies to enable clinicians to actively engage in ongoing research, establishing the roles and responsibilities of interprofessional research team members, the importance of using patient-centered outcomes in voice research, the advantages and limitations of using national survey databases in research, and how basic science airflow studies can inform the treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. This issue focuses on promoting the use of research to inform clinical practice in voice, with a special emphasis on methods of fostering and implementing scientific studies in clinical settings.

This issue of Perspectives honored the contributions of Mark Ylvisaker to the field of cognitive-communicative rehabilitation for individuals with traumatic brain injury. The four articles highlighted his influence on interprofessional learning for speech-language pathology students and professionals, and his groundbreaking role in promoting a paradigm shift in rehabilitation techniques for traumatic brain injury.

This course focuses on issues related to collaborative and cooperative service delivery models. It includes such models as push-in, scaffolding, and team teaching as well as methods to select appropriate service models for students on Individualized Education Programs (IEP) and off (RTI).

Children and adults with autism present with significant challenges related to social communication. This issue of Perspectives addressed some of the key areas of challenge individuals with autism face in communicating with others, and presented a number of intervention strategies to support social communication for this population.

This issue of Perspectives is focused on special populations in geriatric speech-language pathology and audiology practice. Articles address traumatic brain injury and aging, aging in adults with intellectual disabilities, accommodating dual sensory impairment loss in everyday practice, neurologically based communication impairments and aging, and ethical considerations in when working with the geriatric population. Articles focus on psychosocial issues, assessment issues, and treatment issues associated with these special geriatric populations.

This issue of Perspectives addressed how scaffolded learning benefits novice clinicians, examined Anderson’s Continuum Model of Supervision, assessed graduate students’ self-perception of their readiness for the work place, described the application of adult experiential learning theory to the clinical supervision of graduate clinicians, and discussed the benefits of an interdisciplinary clinical approach to the supervisory process.

Telepractice enables a range of services to be offered at a distance through telecommunication and distance technology. There are numerous professional issues one must consider when engaging in this mode of service delivery. This issue of Perspectives on Telepractice incorporated a compilation of essential and useful information a practitioner might need to address some of the challenges encountered in the delivery of telepractice.

This issue of Perspectives provides affiliates with the latest updates on specific case studies illustrating how voice therapy telepractice can be utilized; suggested mobile applications to be used in conjunction with voice therapy; the latest research on the efficacy of telehealth in the treatment of voice; and the use of a competency checklist to assess graduate student skills in the area of voice disorders. This issue focuses on advancing trends in the clinical preparation of graduate students, as well as the increasing use of web-based and mobile health devices in patient care.

This issue of Perspectives focused on the changing health care environment and preparations for the future of health care. We first described ASHA’s Health Care Economics Committee, the Patient Protection & Accountable Care Act, Centers for Medical Services, and Physician Quality Reporting System. We then provided a professional organization’s view on how to best position the profession relative these changes.

This issue of Perspectives addressed issues related to dizziness and falling. There are three articles in this issue. One article by Angela Smith and Amy Porter specifically addressed issues related to assessing fall risk and make suggestions for intervention. The primary concern raised in this article is the need to reduce falls in the elderly and address how audiologists and physical therapists can work collaboratively to do this.

This issue of Perspectives provided information on how clinicians can improve accent modification treatment, and how brain research applies to accent modification. The following topics were covered: (a) pronunciation training needs for Chinese and Korean interpreters, (b) motor skill learning when considering accent modification, (c) accent modification for healthcare workers in the United States, and (d) differential approaches for consonants and vowels in accent modification services.

This issue of Perspectives covers several topics. The first article presents a nuts and bolts guide to assist SLPs in securing funding for materials, equipment, and technology to best serve students within the school setting. The second article presents a unique service delivery model for children with complex communication needs who benefit from augmentative and alternative communication (AAC).

This issue of Perspectives focuses on a discussion of current topics in aural rehabilitation. Presented first is a discussion of how to use a family-centered care approach in adult hearing rehabilitation with reference to “third-party disability.” This article discusses the role of family-centered care in hearing rehabilitation and strategies for increased inclusion of family members in the rehabilitation process.

In our work with young children who are deaf or hard of hearing, a special knowledge base and skill set is necessary in order to ensure best outcomes. Tests and procedures that we use in this work, from assessment of hearing thresholds to validation of amplified outcomes require an approach that addresses age specific needs and normative data.

This issue of Perspectives discusses assessment and intervention of spelling difficulties in school-aged children. Recently developed tools for assessment and progress monitoring are presented. Additionally, strategies for supporting spelling growth are discussed

This issue of Perspectives provides a review of normal and abnormal cough function, information regarding treatment of dysphagia in the long-term care setting, treatment considerations for patients with dysphagia in receiving palliative care, and an update concerning oral and sensory processing in relation to dysphagia.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on speech/language service to adolescent students with consideration to Common Core State Standards (CCSS). The articles describe the way that the adoption of CCSS provides opportunities to change the way speech/language services are provided, to capitalize on the skills of the SLP in literary instruction, to increase collaboration between SLPs and content area teachers, and information regarding how SLPs can serve as leaders in literacy instruction. These articles also describe the ideal IEP process, compare/contrast specific strategy instruction with content area instruction, and explain how digital text can be used with instruction and intervention.

This issue of Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders focuses on motor speech disorders. The articles will review neurologic substrates for motor speech disorders with use of clinical observations of speech and non-speech characteristics that can aid the clinician in understanding the underlying neural deficit.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on the relationship between stuttering frequency and perceived severity ratings, the application of commitment therapy to stuttering treatment, teacher knowledge about stuttering and bullying and teasing, and the use of situation mapping for treating stuttering.

This issue includes papers addressing issues in cleft and craniofacial care. The papers address the controversy over use of oral motor exercises in children with VPI, instrumental assessment of velopharyngeal function, and a review of feeding and swallowing issues in children with cleft palate and other cleft related syndromes and disorders.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on cultural and linguistic diversity, English Language Learners, Autism Spectrum Disorders and undergraduate clinical activities and research. Authors describe a three-fold approach for assessing CLD course content, changes in self-efficacy and knowledge following practicum with ELLs, student knowledge and clinical training in ASD, and undergraduate involvement in clinical and research processes.

This issue of Perspectives is focused on issues regarding end of life considerations for older adults. Articles address improving communication for individual’s with intellectual and development disabilities to express end of life wishes, providing dysphagia services to palliative care patients in skilled nursing facilities, enhancing quality of life for individuals approaching death, and information for professionals who work in palliative care.

This issue of Perspectives focused on historical and current topics in aural rehabilitation. Included was a retrospective discussion of changes in the field over 40 years in the areas of hearing aid selection, hearing aid fitting, hearing aid options and distribution, and adult group aural rehabilitation.

This issue focuses on best practice during an assessment of internationally adopted children, the implementation of new born hearing screenings in developing countries, collaboration with Nicaraguan preschools, and the need for educational guidelines for the prevention of noise induced hearing loss in young adults worldwide.

This issue of Perspectives highlights challenges in assessing children when there are developmental concerns in addition to hearing loss. Specialty assessment tools, including an interdisciplinary team approach, are discussed. Information is provided regarding the impact of using assessment tools for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) when children are deaf or hard-of-hearing.

This Perspectives issue explores interrater agreement among a group of supervisors, identifies conflict issues and management techniques specific to the supervisory relationship, discusses methods for preparing millennial students to identify and manage cross-generational conflicts during supervisory interactions, and reviews a survey study that used iPads for the distance supervision of graduate clinicians.

This issue addresses early intervention and the role of parents in the EI process. In addition to discussing roles and responsibilities of team members, articles considers various parent coaching models to address early language delay in children from varied cultural backgrounds as well as varied disorders (e.g. late talkers, children with autism).

This issue of Perspectives provides information on how clinicians’ perspectives on racial
privilege may affect practice, as well as the status of Asian American and Pacific
Islander (AAPI) students in gifted and special education programs. The following will be
covered: a) the concept of White privilege and its relation to treatment, b) education of
Speech-Language Pathology students on racial privilege, and c) AAPI students’
overrepresentation in gifted education and underrepresentation in special education, and
how White privilege disadvantages students of color in the United States.

This issue of Perspectives introduces current practices of assessment and instruction in the application of assistive technology for cognition (ATC) in people with acquired brain injury (ABI). Professionals reportedly find it difficult to incorporate ATC into their practice because of a lack of proficiency with devices and applications and instructional methods to ensure carryover of ATC.

This issue of Perspectives provides affiliates with the latest updates on the phases involved in wound healing that lead to vocal fold scar formation, an exercise physiology perspective on vocal fold wound healing, factors that contribute to optimal postsurgical outcomes in voice patients, and quality of life and adherence issues related to the prescription of voice rest after surgery.

This special issue of Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) focuses primarily on the role that speech-language pathologists who work in hospital settings play in meeting the needs of patients with complex communication needs and patients with limited English proficiency.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on the relevance of Professional Learning Communities to school-based speech pathologists. PLC is a professional development process through which educators work collaboratively and use data to focus on students’ learning in order to enhance professional effectiveness on behalf of students. PLCs and communities of practice are compared and contrasted.

This issue of Perspectives is focused on issues regarding cultural considerations for older adults. Articles address the evolving definition of cultural and cultural competence; older adult’s use of technology; culture, race, and socioeconomic status as factors for end of life decision-making in older African Americans; and the unique cultural cohort of rural older Americans. Articles focus on challenges faced by different cultural cohorts and the professionals serving these groups. Articles offer suggestions for practicing with increased cultural competence and cultural fluency.

The authors in this SIG 17 Perspectives focus on: the International Cluttering Association (ICA) and the history, research, assessment and treatment of cluttering from multiple authors around the globe; the service delivery and practices of foreign-educated speech-language pathologists in Trinidad and Tobago; the request for updated research of accent modification and its policy; and volunteerism in an English immersion program for Spanish speakers.

Speech-language pathologists are increasingly called upon to screen, identify, and
evaluate mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Speech-language pathologists should have a
working knowledge of the diagnostic criteria of MCI, risk factors for developing MCI and
dementia, and preventative measures; an understanding of therapy techniques; and an
understanding of normal versus pathological cognitive changes as the population ages.
This issue of Perspectives aims to provide clinicians with information regarding normal
aging and MCI.

This issue of Perspectives includes three articles on the topics of the use of standardized patients in training graduate students in fluency disorders, the use of cognitive behavioral therapy in treatment, and the use of emotion words in adolescents who stutter.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on current issues of gene therapy, bone-anchored hearing aids, open fit technology, and auditory training. First, we review gene therapies for restoration of hearing function using corrective DNA. Next, we provide an overview of the current implantable bone-anchored devices for conductive, mixed-conductive, and single-sided sensorineural hearing loss. Additionally, we provide a discussion of localization accuracy and the potential for use of open-fit hearing aids in children. Two case studies are included to illustrate benefits of open-fit technology on localization accuracy. Finally, we review evidence from animal and clinical models of plasticity and the central nervous system’s processing of speech.

This issue of Perspectives highlights the final articles from the presenters of the online conference that was held in June, 2012 on Partner Instruction in AAC. Laura Ball and Joanne Lasker discuss issues of teaching partners to support communication as it relates to clients with acquired impairments.

This theme for this issue is technology for telepractice. We begin with a review of the earliest work in telepractice and a call for readers to innovate new technologies and work to reduce barriers to implementing telepractice in communication sciences and disorders.

Authors in this issue of Perspectives discuss the implementation of a program to integrate iPads to assist in practice in clinical supervision; explore the supervisor and supervisee perceptions in an adult experiential learning model; discuss a clinical training approach that addresses cognitive-communicative disorders in a group setting; and report the results of a student clinician survey and data collection from supervisor observations.

This issue of SIG 14’s Perspectives provides information on the concept of language
confusion, as well as assessment and intervention information on bilingual people who
stutter and use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices. Authors
discuss (a) evidence to debunk the myth of language confusion in bilingual children with
communication disorders, (b) assessment and intervention of young bilingual children
who stutter, and (c) the production accuracy of Spanish speech synthesis voices on AAC
devices.

This issue focuses on adolescent language. Authors consider the role of speech-language pathologists in the identification and intervention of language disorders in adolescents and discuss intervention suggestions to address difficulties in oral language, comprehension and production of expository text, and word learning.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on documentation in the public school. The first article focuses on some of the differences in data collection systems with current evolving technology, including Google forms and spreadsheets. Strengths and drawbacks are discussed. The second article cites various laws regarding data collection. The author also described various ways to use technology and applications to capture, record, and report data. She also explored criterion for app selection and management.

This issue of Perspectives provides affiliates with the latest updates on the diagnosis and treatment of the professional singer; industry-related issues surrounding contemporary commercial music artists; special considerations for working with pediatric vocalists; and the laryngologist’s role in treating the professional voice user. Experts knowledgeable in the assessment and treatment of the performing artist describe the multidisciplinary nature involved in the treatment of “vocal athletes” across the lifespan.

This issue addresses relevant issues in the area of autism. Following a review of practical and ethical considerations of early identification of autism in young children, authors subsequently examine the impact of cultural differences, and specifically Asian American culture, to working with families and children with autism. The issue concludes with recent research examining the processing of prosody in children with autism and specific language impairment.

This issue of Perspectives addresses treatment in home health settings, treatment strategies for COPD in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease, evidence-based practice and practice-based evidence applications in medical settings, ethical considerations and the ASHA Code of Ethics, and a discussion about functionality of treatment.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on current topics in aural rehabilitation. First, authors discuss what to consider when mapping young children who have simultaneous/ sequential bilateral cochlear implants. The second article describes five clinical, administrative, and practical lessons important in building a cochlear implant practice.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on partner instruction in AAC. Authors discuss selecting appropriate skills to teach communication partners; demonstrate a technique that augments collaboration between AAC interventionists; provide a process for a culturally responsive assessment and intervention; offer a concept of AAC stakeholders as trainers; summarize the design and outcomes of two peer-mediated studies for preschool children with severe autism; and discuss the importance of building a pre-symbolic foundation for the learner with sensory and multiple disabilities.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on the abnormal swallowing physiology associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome, Huntington’s disease, Rett syndrome, and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The authors describe treatment and management strategies, and the benefits and misconceptions regarding the clinical swallowing exam. We round out the issue with a review of the essential elements of the cranial nerve exam.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on clinicians’ use of technology when addressing the health and communication needs of culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) populations. The authors discuss (a) the application of a variety of technologies to practice with CLD populations, (b) telepractice between an SLP and a Vietnamese-speaking mother and child, and (c) African American mothers’ perceptions of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) use with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on important topics from the poster sessions at the 2012 Schools conference. It includes service delivery options for the adolescent population and the challenges and benefits of literature circles for students with communication deficits.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Traditionally, determination of treatment effectiveness has been based on clinicians’ evaluation of patients’ progress. However, several developments have spurred SLPs to incorporate patients’ perspectives into the appraisal of deficits, planning of treatment, and evaluation of progress.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on current issues concerning music perception and music training on listeners with normal hearing and those with hearing loss. First, we review the role of pitch memory in music perception. Authors present a thorough discussion of general memory, pitch memory, pitch discrimination, and factors affecting pitch memory.

In this issue of Perspectives, authors describe how current hearing conservation programs and outreach initiatives have been implemented across different populations, including the general public, patients who enjoy loud music and noisy hobbies, employees working in loud environments, and service members in the United States Air Force.

This issue of Perspectives focuses on traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the pediatric population. We discuss the misconceptions and challenges of providing appropriate care after a student experiences a TBI, as well as how to navigate the complex medical reports and federal guidelines.

In this issue of Perspectives, experts provide the latest updates on vocal tremor and its management; epidemiologic advances in spasmodic dysphonia (SD); and behavioral and surgical approaches to unilateral vocal fold paralysis and paresis.