Body Systems

We will learn about our different body systems.

A group of organs, working together to do some major work for our body, forms a system. The work is carried on in a very systematic manner from one organ to another. A body system keeps functioning whether we are awake or asleep.

Our body has several systems. Different systems help our body to perform different functions to live

These systems are:

(i) The Skeletal System

(ii) The Muscular System

(iii) The Respiratory System

(iv) The Digestive System

(v) The Circulatory System

(vi) The Excretory System

(vii) The Nervous System

(viii) The Reproductive System

Skeletal System:

The skeletal system is a framework of 206 bones. An adult
human body has 206 bones.

They are joined together and form a framework called skeleton.

It gives form, shape, size
and support to our body. The bones help the body in movements. It also protects
the soft organs inside our body. Our body cannot stand upright without a
skeleton. The skull protects delicate organs like the brain and eyes. The ribs
protect the lungs and heart.

In the skeleton, there are many joints. A joint is a place
where two or more bones meet. The joints help us to move our body parts.

Actually, our bones are joined together in such a way that most of them are
able to move over each other. So, we are able to blend, run, move, etc.

Note: The largest bone in our body is the hip bone. In fact, it is
made of six bones joined firmly together.

Muscular System:

Our body has more than 600 muscles. The ends of most of the
muscles are joined to the bones. Along with the bones, muscles help the body to
move, work and do other activities. Actually, our muscles pull our bones and
make them move. Muscles also give shape to our body. So, they are responsible
for all our body movements.

Respiratory System:

We all breathe to live. The organs involved in our breathing system are the nose, windpipe, and the lungs.

We breathe in air through the nose. While breathing air enters through our nose and reaches the lungs through the windpipe.

The
lungs take in oxygen from air and send it to blood. Oxygen reaches to
the whole body through the blood. This oxygen burns the food we eat, to
give us energy.

The air breathed out contains more carbon dioxide
and other impurities. The fine hair in the nose blocks the dust
particles contained in the air. We must breathe through the nose and not
through the mouth. Breathing purifies our blood and helps us to obtain
energy.

The organs involved in this system are the mouth, food pipe, stomach and the small and large intestines.

When
we are hungry we eat. The food we eat is digested by a group of organs
that forms the digestive system. The conversion of food we eat is the
process of digestion that changes food into a simple form.

The process of digestion begins with the chewing of the food with our
teeth in the mouth. Saliva mixes with the food in the mouth. Saliva is a
juice present in our mouth. This makes the food soft and easy to
swallow.

Digestion starts in our mouth. From the mouth the food
enters the food pipe and then goes into the stomach. The food stays in
the stomach for a few hours and the food mixes with digestive juices.
These juices are produced in the glands of the walls of the stomach.
Here it changes into a thick liquid. A part of digestion takes place
here.

The food is completely broken down into a simple form in the
small intestine. The digested food is absorbed by the blood. The
undigested food passes into the large intestine and it comes out of the
body through the anus as waste.

The
heart pumps blood and the blood goes to all the parts of the body
through small and large tubes called blood vessels. Blood circulation is
very important for our life. Digested food and oxygen also reach the
different organs of the body through these vessels. The blood supplies
oxygen and nourishment. It is our circulatory system which carries back
all the waste material from the different parts of the body.

We
eat so many things every day. They form waste materials. The organs
involved in this system are skin, lungs, kidneys and the large
intestine. These organs help in removing the body wastes regularly
because these waste materials are useless for our body. They must come
out of our body otherwise they will cause us diseases. Our excretory
system does this important work.

As
we know, different parts of our body perform different work for us.
This system involves nerves, spinal cord and the brain. The brain
controls and guides all the actions of all parts of the body.

The
nervous system is connected to every part of the body. Messages are
carried from and to every part of the body through the nerves. The brain
and nerves form our nervous system. Our actions and reactions are all
controlled by this system.

Reproductive System:

This
system produces babies through different reproductive systems which men
and women have. This system is responsible for existence of life on our
Earth.