Despite increasing number of registered recyclers/dismantlers in the country and large volume of E-waste generated, only about 5% of it is processed through formal sector. The remaining is either donated or goes to Kabadiwallas.For example, although Hyderabad generates about 32 000 metric tonnes of E-waste annually[2] the formal sector recyclers whose combined capacity is only around 20,000 tonnes do not get adequate waste.

The biggest e-waste recycling market in India is Delhi and approximately 30% to 40% of the e-waste in India lands there.

Process:

E waste recycling process can be divided into two parts; separation and size reduction of metals (aluminium/copper/steel) & plastics andextraction of precious metals. Majority of Indian E waste companies do not have refinery/precious metal recovery facility, due to high capital cost (over INR 8 crores for refinery of 1 tonne per day) and lack of adequate waste availability.

Figure 2: E Waste Dismantling Process

The quality of e waste also plays a big role in deciding the nature of recycling facilities. For example PCB (Printed Circuit Board) around which the business of E waste recycling revolves can be divided into various grades depending on the gold content. As per Umicore, a precious metal refinery in Belgium, the PCBs can be divided into four grades (Table1)

Whilerefining is useful for high grade PCBs, for low/medium grade PCBS manual dismantling coupled with extraction of copper is a more viable option.

Current Players:

The total number of registered E-waste recyclers in India is 178[3]., whereas Hyderabad has 5[4]. Some of the large players are as under

[3]Source: List of Registered E-Waste Dismantlers/Recyclers in the country (as on 29-12-2016)[4]Source: Telangana State Pollution Control Board

Table 2: National E-Waste Recyclers – India

Name

Head Quarter

Activities

Capacity (MT/Yr.)

Date of Est.

Auctus E-recycling solutions P Ltd.

Noida

Dismantling, Metal-Nonmetal separations, Plastic recycling

21800

2011

E- Incarnation

Mumbai

Data security, Refurbishing, Metal- Nonmetal recovery and disposal

3000

2010

E-ParisaraaPvt. Ltd.

Bangalore

Data destruction, Dismantling, & Precious metal extraction

8820

September, 2005

Earth Sense

Hyderabad

Dismantling, Segregation & Disposal

> 4000

2000

Eco Centric Management P. Ltd

Mumbai

E-waste management, CSR initiatives -donations, refurbishment.

2500

January, 2011

Eco Recycling Ltd. (ECORECO)

Thane

E-waste recycling, EPR implementation

7200

1994, Formerly InfotrekSyscom

Greenspace Eco Management

Delhi

Dismantling, Refurbishing, Take back programs, etc.

60000

2007

Ramky ewaste recycling

Hyderabad

Collection, Dismantling, Metal- Nonmetal recovery and Disposal

10000

TES AMM India

Kancheepuram

E Waste Recycling, Takeback program

30000

2005

Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) for various options:

E waste recycling chain begins with a collection centre, which can be set up for Rs. 10 lakhs. However,standalone collection centres are not encouraged to register, unless they are being set up by a recycler/refurbished or an electronic product manufacturer. A collection centre combined with a dismantling unit can be set up for around Rs. 45 lakhs. In India, recycling is restricted to separation of Metal and Non-metal and granulation, as the technology for extraction of precious metal is not economical.

Figure 3: Capex required for Setting up aE waste processing unit

Regulatory requirements:

The industry is governed by e waste rules which specify the approvals and infrastructure requirements. The approvals need to be obtained from State pollution control body.

Table 3: APPROVALS

List of Approvals Required

Authorising Body

Remarks

CTO – Consent to Operate

Telangana State – Pollution Control Body

These are considered as pre-operations & establishment approvals.

CTE – Consent to Establish

One time authorisation

Such approvals also often have a validity period.

Certificate of registration & Proof of installed capacity

District Industries Centre.

This is a common certificate of registration under any industry and serves as pre-requisite for approvals mentioned above.

Profitability:

The profitability of e waste recycling company depends on its access to waste and cost of waste. Cost of waste accounts for around 75-85 per cent of total cost of operations. The revenue depends on the quality of waste collected by the company. For simple dismantling operations, the estimated cost of waste and recovery per tonne is as under:

Table 5: Unit Economics of Dismantling 1 Tonne assorted E-waste

Sl.No.

Material

% Composition (by weight)

Price INR/KG

Value (INR)

1

Mild Steel

0.23

15

3,450

2

Stainless Steel

0.08

15

1,200

3

Glass

0.27

5.00

1,350

4

Plastics

0.27

10.00

2,700

5

Copper wire

0.03

200

6,000

6

Aluminium

0.03

90

2,700

7

Other material including precious material

0.08

100

8,000

8

Hazardous Material

0.01

Overall value (INR)

25,400

Cost of waste (INR)

20,000

Gross Profit (INR)

5,400

Source: Paper on Sustainable Electronic Waste Management and Recycling Process by S. Chatterjee, Department of Information Technology, Published in American Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2012

Other than the raw material cost, which has been discussed above, rentis another significant cost,Assuming a dismantling capacity of 5 tonnes per day, the area requirement @ 300 square meter per tonne of waste is 1500 square meters and rent can be up to INR 3-5 lakhs per annum. Further, there are other fixed overheads such as labour and interest. As such,one needs to process at least 3-5 tonnes per day, just to recover the costs.

Opportunities for a new enterprise

The e waste sector has grown at a slow pace over the last five years, largely due to lack of awareness about e waste rules, absence of strict guidelines for disposal of e waste and challenges from the informal sector recyclers who are able to offer a better price for the waste. However, the regulations around e waste are expected to tighten and would bring unorganised sector into mainstream.

While opportunities for e waste recycling are only expected to increase in future, profitability would depend on the value addition done by the enterprise. Therefore, aspiring e waste companies would also need to build skill sets in e waste segregation and in identifying reusable waste. We believe that

Dismantling can be a profitable option if you are able to establish a network of waste collection centres and develop skill sets to identify reusable waste

Setting up a refurbishing centre, where salvaged computers/phones can be repaired using new or old components should also be attractive.

Recyclers would need a large network of collection centres or need to import waste to ensure capacity utilisation

How we can help you?

We can help you set up E waste recycling unit through a number of services including

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The fruits and spices processing industry in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana is poised for a significant growth. Bountiful availability of raw material along with positive policy environment that will build supply chain infrastructure is likely to create many new enterprises. This blog discusses the new opportunities, policy initiatives and funding availability for the industry.

What are the opportunities?

Enabling environment

Pic: 1 – Food Processing Industry: Government Policy

Creation of Infrastructure for Food Processing Industry

GOI as part of its Mega food park scheme has sanctioned four food processing parks in Telangana. The details are as under

Andhra Pradesh has SRINI Food Park in Chittoor, which is operational. Further, the state government has proposed to set up 8 mega food parks. Five of these parks will be located in the coastal districts of Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam and East Godavari. Three more parks are proposed in the Rayalaseema in Chittoor, Kurnool and Anantapur.

Funding for Food Processing Industry

A fund of Rs. 2000 crore has been created under NABARD to fund the term loan for food processing industry. The fund is available for food parks as well as units that are located in food parks. Key features of loan are as under:

The loan is available to food processing units located in designated food parks[1]

The list of activities that would be funded include fruits/vegetable/dairy/meat/aqua/herbs/nutraceutical/food flavours, colours, detailed list is available in the link here

Maximum 75% of the project cost would be funded through term loan. Project cost would include site development/machinery/consultancy charges/capitalised working capital/pre-operative interest etc. If the individual is purchasing land (not leasing), 10 % of the land cost would also be included

Term loan would be for a period of 7 years, The rate of interest would be linked to the prevailing interest

Collateral would be required

How can we help you:

If you are interested in setting up a food processing industry, there is no better time than now. We at FineTrain can assist you in starting a fruit/spices processing unit. Our services include

Market viability assessment

Detailed project report preparation

Technical support

Reach Us:

[1] Food parks and mega food parks promoted by Ministry of food processing, food parks/food processing industrial estates promoted by State governments, Food processing SEZ, Any other area that has related infrastructure and has been designated as food park, the MOFPI has provided a list of such entities