Stephen Hawking says he knows what happened before the dawn of time

File picture: Physicist Stephen Hawking exits the stage throughout an announcement of the Breakthrough Starshot initiative with investor Yuri Milner in New York April 12, 2016. (REUTERS/Lucas Jackson)

It is the largest query within the universe. What occurred earlier than the Large Bang? Now world-famous physicist Steven Hawking says he has a solution.

“The boundary situation of the universe … is that it has no boundary,” Hawking tells the Nationwide Geographic’s Star Discuss present this weekend.

In different phrases, there isn’t any time earlier than time started as time was at all times there.

It was simply completely different.

He tells physicist Neil deGrasse Tyson that amid the virtually infinitely small quantum foam of the singularity earlier than the Large Bang, time existed in a ‘bent’” state.

It was distorted alongside one other dimension — at all times getting fractionally nearer to, however by no means turning into, nothing.

So there by no means was a Large Bang that created one thing from nothing.

It’s simply seems that method from our level of perspective.

“All of the proof appears to point, that the universe has not existed without end, however that it had a starting, about 15 billion years in the past,” Hawking says in one in all his lectures.

“There will need to have been a starting. In any other case, the universe can be in a state of full dysfunction by now, and all the things can be on the identical temperature. In an infinite and eternal universe, each line of sight would finish on the floor of a star. This is able to imply that the evening sky would have been as vibrant because the floor of the Solar. The one method of avoiding this downside can be if, for some cause, the celebrities didn’t shine earlier than a sure time.”

However issues have been completely different on the Large Bang.

“The density would have been infinite,” Hawking says.“It might have been what is named, a singularity. At a singularity, all of the legal guidelines of physics would have damaged down. Which means that the state of the universe, after the Large Bang, won’t rely on something that will have occurred earlier than, as a result of the deterministic legal guidelines that govern the universe will break down within the Large Bang.”

This has lengthy posed a major problem for physics, he says.

“Since occasions earlier than the Large Bang don’t have any observational penalties, one could as properly minimize them out of the speculation, and say that point started on the Large Bang. Occasions earlier than the Large Bang, are merely not outlined, as a result of there’s no method one might measure what occurred at them.”

However there are methods to determine what got here earlier than, he says.

“Quantum concept introduces a brand new concept, that of imaginary time. Imaginary time could sound like science fiction, and it has been introduced into Physician Who. However however, it’s a real scientific idea. One can image it within the following method. One can consider strange, actual, time as a horizontal line. On the left, one has the previous, and on the correct, the long run. However there’s one other form of time within the vertical course. That is known as imaginary time, as a result of it’s not the form of time we usually expertise. However in a way, it’s simply as actual as what we name actual time.”

This has huge implications on the subject of the Large Bang.

“James Hartle of the College of California Santa Barbara, and I’ve proposed that house and imaginary time collectively, are certainly finite in extent, however with out boundary. They might be just like the floor of the Earth, however with two extra dimensions. The floor of the Earth is finite in extent, however it doesn’t have any boundaries or edges. I’ve been all over the world, and I didn’t fall off. “

There’s no uncooked physics that helps his concept. But.

However Hawking’s perception has confirmed proper earlier than.

What we do know is that on the subject of the Large Bang — and black holes — our understanding of physics breaks down.

The one certainty in regards to the infinitesimally small quantum constructing blocks of our universe is that they’re unsure. Merely observing them may cause them to alter. They are often in two locations — or two states — without delay.

They appear to be a bodily embodiment of chance and potential: components of actuality that haven’t fairly but determined what they’re going to do.

Whereas it dictates our lives, we nonetheless don’t know what time is. Or precisely the place it comes from.

We all know the way it works. We all know its results.

It’s like gravity.

It doesn’t solely appear to slot in the ‘large’ world of the physics we expertise, nor the ‘bizarre’ world of the subatomic.

However, just like the unusual conduct of quantum physics, maybe time has much more left to inform.

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