Ice-walled lake plains (IWLPs) form along glacial margins in areas of stagnating ice. In Illinois, IWLPs tend to have low relief (<7m) and were formed during the last deglaciation of the Lake Michigan lobe (20,800 to 16,000 ...

Microbiologists have long believed that highly alkaline conditions are poorly supportive of microbial life, in part because an environment lacking in hydrogen ions (H+) is likely to interfere with the proton motive force, ...