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Hydraulic fracturing (fracking), a multi-billion dollar U.S. industry, is the process of drilling and injecting pressurized fluid into the ground to crack deep rock formations and extract trapped natural gas. The high costs associated with the fracking due to the lack of proper modeling has prompted scientists to develop methods of approximating th...

Drilling oil wells is an expensive proposition. Rig rental can cost as much as $500,000 per day. The drill bits must be kept cool or the bits quickly become dull, causing the bit to drill slowly. When rock is heated the surface of the rock becomes more plastic, which slows drilling. The bit can be cooled with fluids which also helps to bring the br...