Mistakes can happen, but my DOHC usually used 4.5 quarts, and since it would lose oil on a regular basis, I just would ignore it and just beware next time to put in a little less.
But, most times I used the Purolator L20195 filter which is a bit longer than most filters.

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Some of the owners manuals say you can be above the F mark by IIRC an 1/8 in or so on the dipstick, but maybe someone else can confirm that. But if you get overfull to the point that the crank is whipping into extra oil it's really not a good thing.

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If you have an excessively high oil consumption rate(such as a qt/100-200mi), then no it won't hurt an already destroyed engine. It will be burning off so quickly, that it won't stay that full for a long enough time to damage anything.

If you are overfilled to the point that it is above the "U", in "FULL", and you are NOT excessively burning oil, then you will want to drain a little bit of it off or switch the to Purolator 20195/WIX 51516XL filter.

..."What does a Saturn owner do, at the gas station?"

"He checks the gas, and fills the oil....."

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Drained 2qts out of one once to get it down to the full mark. Smoked like a diesel at city speeds, didn't notice it at highway. Bought the car cheap & at night, didn't check the dipstick until I got home...what a surprise to see it over the 2nd "L" in full.

It still smoked at bit with the proper level of new oil but not nearly as bad as when I bought it. Burned quite a bit too but I've had worse.

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