For Some Turkish Language Elements and Their Phonetic Adaptation in Macedonian Language

Sonja Novotni, Mihajlo Marković

Abstract

This paper presents a linguistic analysis of selected Turcizm which are frequent in the Macedonian language and in other Balkan languages, through the preview of phonetic adaptation to Macedonian language. Turkish had a great influence in the vocabulary of the Balkan languages, as well as the Macedonian language. Turcizm in the Macedonian language is represented by more than three thousand lexical loanwords (some of them already feel as archaisms or were not used). In that fund of words we call “Turcizm” is contained many words from Arabic and Persian origin. Turkish in these cases occurred as an intermediary in the transfer of these languages. Certain Turcizm found in our texts out from the early 16th century. They had entered the written language along with other lexical elements of our national language. The number of Turcizm in Macedonian language peaked in the 19th c., when in cities increases the frequency of Turkish language element mainly through trade and crafts. Turkish languagefor the Macedonian intelligence was language that enabled contact within the Ottoman Empire,and for the international communication. The establishment of the Macedonian literary language marked another stage in limiting the use of Turcizm. Of course, in addition to our language are used as row Turcizm completely adapted to the dictionary in the basic fund and fall into the neutral vocabulary. The purpose of the paper is to show the strong influence that has the Turkish language from centuries of synchronic plan in the Balkans, but also to give a comparative phonetic adaptation of preserved Turkish language loanwords in the Macedonian language. During the research will mostly not use methods excerption, systematization and elaboration, making the issue will approach the theoretical aspect, but also will capture the practical use of Turcizm in Macedonian language and their articulation. The spoken language will be the subject of work, precisely because of its importance to penetrating and survival of Turcizm as part of the Macedonian literary language. The largest number of Turcizm in the Macedonian language is entered through spoken language, ie direct communication between members of the population who speaking the Macedonian language and those who used in Turkish language.