American National Election Study, 1990-1992: Full Panel Survey (ICPSR 6230)

This study is part of a time-series collection of national
surveys fielded continuously since 1952. The American National
Election Studies are designed to present data on Americans' social
backgrounds, enduring political predispositions, social and political
values, perceptions and evaluations of groups and candidates, opinions
on questions of public policy, and participation in political
life. This collection includes respondents who were first interviewed
following the November 1990 general election (see AMERICAN NATIONAL
ELECTION STUDY, 1990: POST-ELECTION SURVEY [ICPSR VERSION] [ICPSR
9548]), and then reinterviewed in two subsequent surveys: AMERICAN
NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY: 1990-1991 PANEL STUDY OF THE POLITICAL
CONSEQUENCES OF WAR/1991 PILOT STUDY [ICPSR VERSION] (ICPSR 9673) and
AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, 1992: PRE- AND POST-ELECTION SURVEY
[ENHANCED WITH 1990 AND 1991 DATA] (ICPSR 6067). The purpose of this
panel study is to trace the fortunes of the Bush presidency, from
post-Gulf War height to November election defeat, and to provide
insight into the origins of the Bill Clinton and Ross Perot
coalitions. It also allows the panel analyst to do a traditional
assessment of panel attrition which is not possible with any of the
collections mentioned above. In 1990, respondents answered questions
on topics such as presidential performance, the Persian Gulf War,
values and individualism, and foreign relations. Post-election vote
validation and election administration survey data are also
included. In 1991, respondents were reinterviewed several months after
hostilities in the Persian Gulf ended. The survey content consisted of
a repeat of a subset of questions from the 1990 Post-Election Survey,
and additional items especially relevant to the Gulf War. A number of
contextual variables also are provided, including summary variables
that combine the respondent's recall of his or her senator's and
representative's vote on the use of force with that congressperson's
actual vote. New pilot questions were also asked in areas such as
gender, ethnicity, medical care for the elderly, and social
altruism. In 1992, respondents were asked their positions on social
issues such as altruism, abortion, the death penalty, prayer in the
schools, the rights of homosexuals, sexual harassment, women's rights,
and feminist consciousness. Other substantive themes included racial
and ethnic stereotypes, opinions on school integration and affirmative
action, attitudes towards immigrants (particularly Hispanics and
Asians), opinions on immigration policy and bilingual education,
assessments of United States foreign policy goals, and United States
involvement in the Persian Gulf War. Part 2 provides information on
the total number of cases included in the 1990 Post-Election Survey
sample (1,980 respondents who were valid interviews and 805 selected
respondents who were not interviewed) in order to study survey
nonresponse. Variables include reasons for noninterview, the number of
calls, and characteristics of the noninterviewed household.

This study is part of a time-series collection of national
surveys fielded continuously since 1952. The American National
Election Studies are designed to present data on Americans' social
backgrounds, enduring political predispositions, social and political
values, perceptions and evaluations of groups and candidates, opinions
on questions of public policy, and participation in political
life. This collection includes respondents who were first interviewed
following the November 1990 general election (see AMERICAN NATIONAL
ELECTION STUDY, 1990: POST-ELECTION SURVEY [ICPSR VERSION] [ICPSR
9548]), and then reinterviewed in two subsequent surveys: AMERICAN
NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY: 1990-1991 PANEL STUDY OF THE POLITICAL
CONSEQUENCES OF WAR/1991 PILOT STUDY [ICPSR VERSION] (ICPSR 9673) and
AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, 1992: PRE- AND POST-ELECTION SURVEY
[ENHANCED WITH 1990 AND 1991 DATA] (ICPSR 6067). The purpose of this
panel study is to trace the fortunes of the Bush presidency, from
post-Gulf War height to November election defeat, and to provide
insight into the origins of the Bill Clinton and Ross Perot
coalitions. It also allows the panel analyst to do a traditional
assessment of panel attrition which is not possible with any of the
collections mentioned above. In 1990, respondents answered questions
on topics such as presidential performance, the Persian Gulf War,
values and individualism, and foreign relations. Post-election vote
validation and election administration survey data are also
included. In 1991, respondents were reinterviewed several months after
hostilities in the Persian Gulf ended. The survey content consisted of
a repeat of a subset of questions from the 1990 Post-Election Survey,
and additional items especially relevant to the Gulf War. A number of
contextual variables also are provided, including summary variables
that combine the respondent's recall of his or her senator's and
representative's vote on the use of force with that congressperson's
actual vote. New pilot questions were also asked in areas such as
gender, ethnicity, medical care for the elderly, and social
altruism. In 1992, respondents were asked their positions on social
issues such as altruism, abortion, the death penalty, prayer in the
schools, the rights of homosexuals, sexual harassment, women's rights,
and feminist consciousness. Other substantive themes included racial
and ethnic stereotypes, opinions on school integration and affirmative
action, attitudes towards immigrants (particularly Hispanics and
Asians), opinions on immigration policy and bilingual education,
assessments of United States foreign policy goals, and United States
involvement in the Persian Gulf War. Part 2 provides information on
the total number of cases included in the 1990 Post-Election Survey
sample (1,980 respondents who were valid interviews and 805 selected
respondents who were not interviewed) in order to study survey
nonresponse. Variables include reasons for noninterview, the number of
calls, and characteristics of the noninterviewed household.

Universe:
All United States citizens of voting age on or before
November 6, 1990, residing in housing units other than on military
reservations in the 48 coterminous states.

Data Type(s):
survey data

Data Collection Notes:

The study staff attempted to reinterview every
respondent among the 1,980 individuals who participated in the 1990
Post-Election Survey. A total of 1,383 of these respondents
participated in the 1990/1991 Panel Study. For the 1992 Pre- and
Post-Election Survey, the study staff again attempted to reinterview
every 1990 respondent whether or not they had given an interview in
1991. Thus, while there were 1,383 panel respondents in 1991 and 1,359
respondents in 1992, only 1,060 respondents were interviewed in all
three studies. If a respondent was not interviewed in 1991 or 1992,
his/her record was padded with missing data for variables from that
year.

Variables that first appeared in either ICPSR 9548, ICPSR
9673, or ICPSR 6067 are unchanged in Part 1 of this collection.

Part 2, Supplementary Data File, provides coversheet, sampling, and
field information on all sample cases from the 1990 Post-Election
survey, including noninterview and nonsample cases. The data file can
be merged with the main data file (Part 1) by using V900004, the 1990
Case Identification variable.

Methodology

Sample:
A national multistage area probability sample was employed
for the 1990 Post-Election Survey and the 1992 Pre- and Post-Election
Survey. For the 1991 Panel Study of the Political Consequences of the
Persian Gulf War, 615 respondents were not reinterviewed either due to
panel mortality (e.g., they had moved or died), or were effectively
nonsample for telephone reinterview because they were extremely hard
of hearing, could not be reached by telephone, or needed to be
interviewed in a language other than English.

Mode of Data Collection:
face-to-face interview,
telephone interview

Version(s)

Original ICPSR Release: 1994-03-10

Version History:

2005-12-15 On 2005-08-15 new files were added to one
or more datasets. These files included additional setup files as well
as one or more of the following: SAS program, SAS transport, SPSS portable,
and Stata system files. The metadata record was revised 2005-12-15 to
reflect these additions.

1999-10-07 The data for this study are now available in SAS
transport and SPSS export formats in addition to the ASCII data files.
Variables in the datasets have been renumbered to the following
format: 2-digit (or 2-character) year prefix + 4 digits + [optional]
1-character suffix. Dataset ID and version variables have also been
added. The SAS and SPSS data definition statements and codebook have
been revised accordingly. Finally, the errata from April 1994
(formerly Part 5) have been incorporated into the codebook, and the
SAS data definition statements parts (formerly Parts 2 and 4) have
been removed from the template and linked with their respective data
files.