Numismatics is the name given to the study and collecting of coins and medals, and is derived from NOMISMA, the Greek word for coin.

FIRST COIN

It was in Asia that coinage began. In the late seventh century B.C the Lydian kingdom in western Turkey was the provider of the first coin. From this beginning coinage spread into Europe and Africa and the Indian Subcon- tinent. The western tradition established by the Lydian and deve- loped by the Greeks, Phoenicians and Romans remained strong in western Asia until adapted by the Arabs for the Islamic coinage at the end of the seventh century A.D. In south and central Asia the western idea was shaped into a new Indian tradition which, later absorbing many Islamic features, flourished until the opening years of the present century. It was in western Turkey in the late seventh century B.C that coinage was invented. The exact origins of the earliest coins are uncertain, but examples of the first issue have been discovered in coastal cities, notably Ephesus. The coastal areas of what is now western Turkey had been colonized by Greek settler in earlier centuries, and it may have been these Greeks, or possibly the Lydian’s who ruled over most of the region at the time, who invented coinage.

The precise date of the first appearance of coins in India is not known, but archaeological evidence suggests that coins were already being made and used in northern India by the mid-fourth century BC. The oldest coins so far discovered in India were made of weighed pieces of silver, stamped on only one side with between one and five punches. Such coins are now known as ‘punch-marked’ coins. The earliest of these seem to be oval and stamped by four round punches with symbolic designs. The force of the punches curved the metal so that these coins are dish-shaped. Smaller examples have also been reported with one or two punches only.

Some scholars claimed (by the help of Vedas references) that coins had originated in India at least a century before Lydia and China thought of them.

(1) ANCIENT COINS

NORTHERN INDIA

CHANDARGUPT MAURYA

TheMaurya Empire

Maurya Empire was a geographically extensive and powerful empire in ancient India, ruled by the Mauryan dynasty from 321 to 185 BC. Originating from the kingdom of Magadha in the Indo-Gangetic plains (modern Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh and Bengal) in the eastern side of the Indian subcontinent, the empire had its capital city at Pataliputra (modern Patna). The Empire was founded in 322 BC by Chandragupta Maurya, who had overthrown the Nanda Dynasty and rapidly expanded his power westwards across central and western India taking advantage of the disruptions of local powers in the wake of the withdrawal westward by Alexander the Great and Persian armies. By 320 BC the empire had fully occupied Northwestern India, defeating and conquering the satraps left by Alexander.

(1) GANDHARA

Ancient: Northern India-Gandhara /Coin-1

Ruler : Gandhara Janapada, Puskarasin-Txila Shatamana (Bent bars).

Period: 6Th. Century B.C

Rarity: SCARCE

* * * * * * * * * *

(2) MAGHDA STATE

Ancient: Northern India-Maghda State /Coin-1

Ruler : MAGHDA-STATE

Period : 624-413 B.C Metal : Copper (Cost coin)

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Gandhara /Coin-2

RULER : MAGHDA STATE,

Period : 624-413 B.C

Metal : Silver, Punched Mark, UNIFACE COIN

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Gandhara /Coin-3

Ruler : MAGHDA-STATE

Period : 624-413 B.C, Metal: Copper, Punched Mark

* * * * * * * * * *

(3) MASHAKA COINS

Ancient: Northern India-Mashaka /Coin-1-5

Ruler : Unknown Period : Circa400 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark, UNIFACE

Mashaka, one sixteenth of a pana.

* * * * * * * * * *

(4) MOURYAN DYNASTY

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin-1-2

Metal : Copper, Punched Mark, UNIFAC

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin-3-4

Ruler : JANPADA Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark, UNIFACE

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin -5-6

Ruler : unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark, UNIFACE

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin/7-8

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark, UNIFACE

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya Coin/9-10

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark, UNIFACE

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-/Coin /11-12

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark, UNIFAC

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin/13-14

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark, UNIFACE

* * * * * * * * * **

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin/15-16

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark, UNIFACE

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin/17-18

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark, UNIFACE

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin/19-20

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark, UNIFACE

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin- 21

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin-22

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin-23

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin/24-26

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Mourya /Coin, Back side of 24-26

Ruler : Unknown Period : 324-187 B.C

Metal : Silver Punched Mark

* * * * * * * * * *

The Sunga Empire

SUNGA EMPIRE

Sunga Empire was a Magadha dynasty that controlled North-central and Eastern India and some parts of the northwest (now Pakistan) from around 185 to 73 BCE. It was established after the fall of the Indian Maurya Empire. The capital of the Sungas was Pataliputra.

(5) SUNGA DYNASTY

Ancient: Northern India-Sunga /Coin-1-2

Ruler : Unknown Period : 185-73 B.C

Metal : Copper, Punched Mark

* * * * * * * * * *

(6) AVANTI-UJJAIN

Ancient: Northern India-Avanti /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown (Avanti-Ujjain region)

Period : Post Mouryan (155-120 B.C)

Metal : Copper,

* * * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Ujjain /Coin-2

Ruler : Unknown (Avanti-Ujjain region)

Period : Post Mouryan (155-120 B.C)

Metal : Copper, Punched Mark, UNIFACE

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Ujjain /Coin-3

Ruler : Unknown (Avanti-Ujjain region)

Period : Post Mouryan (155-120 B.C)

Metal : Copper,

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Kathiawad /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown (Kathiawad region)

Period : Post Mouryan (155-120 B.C)

Metal : Copper,

* * * * * * * * * *

The Kingdom of Kuninda

Kingdom of Kuninda was an ancient central Himalayan kingdom from around the 2nd century BCE to the 3rd century (or about 1st century B.C – 4th century A.D) was located in the modern state of Uttarakhand and southern areas of Himachal in northern India.

The Kuninda Janapada is mentioned at the same time Yaudheyas.

(7) KUNINDA

(2nd century BCE-4th century CE)

Ancient: Northern India-Kuninda /Coin-1

Ruler : Amoghabhuti (c. 200 BC) Tribal republic

Period : (Post Mouryan-Pre-Gupta) Metal: Copper,

* * * * * * * * * *

(8) SEBAK

Ancient: Northern India-Sebak /Coin-1

Ruler : (Pre-Satavahana, counter by Sebak)

Period : Post Mouryan (155-120 B.C)

Metal : Lead, counter Mark, UNIFACE

* * * * * * * * * *

(9) KAUSHAMBI

Ancient: Northern India-Kaushambi /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown, (Monarchical State)

Period : Post Mouryan (c.200 B.C) Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Indo-Greeks

The Hellenistic expansion brought the Ancient Greeks in South Asia also known as Indo-Greeks. They have established the Indo-Greek Kingdom, covering various parts of the northwest and northern Indian subcontinent during the last two centuries BC, and was ruled by more than 30 Hellenistic kings,

The Indo-Greeks ultimately disappeared as a political entity around 10 AD following the invasions of the Indo-Scythians.

(10) INDO-GREEKS

Ancient:Northern India-Indo-Greece /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown

Period: 180 BC-10 AD

Metal : Silve

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Indo-Greece /Coin-2

Ruler: Maharaja Apedihatasa Philaeflmesa

Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Indo-Parthian

The Gondopharid dynasty, and other so-called Indo-Parthian rulers, were a group of ancient kings who ruled in present-day Afghanistan, Pakistan and Northern India, during or slightly before the 1st century AD to 224 AD

These kings have traditionally been referred to as Indo-Parthians, as their coinage was often inspired by the Arsacid dynasty, but they probably belonged to a wider groups of Iranian tribes who lived east of Parthia proper.

(11) INDO-PARTHIAN (PAHLAVAS) KINGDOM

Ancient: Northern India-Indo-Parthian /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown (Arsacid dynasty)

Period : Before 1st A.D – 224 A.D Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Indo-Sassanid

The Sassanid Empire was the last pre-Islamic Persian Empire, ruled by the Sassanian Dynasty from 224 to 651. The Sassanid Empire, which succeeded the Parthian Empire, They had ruled Afghanistan, Iran and above area but they were up to present Pakistan. The Sassanid dynasty ended in 651 A.D by the hand of Arabs.

(12) INDO-SASSANID

Ancient: Northern India-Indo-Sassanid /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 200-400 A.D Metal : Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Indo-Sassanid /Coin-2

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 200-400 A.D Metal : Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Indo-Sassanid /Coin-3

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 200-400 A.D Metal : Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

TheKushan Empire

Kushan Empire originally formed in the 1st century CE in the territories of ancient Bactria on either side of the middle course of the Oxus River or Amu Darya in what is now northern Afghanistan, and southern Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.

During the 1st and early 2nd centuries CE the Kushans expanded rapidly across the northern part of the Indian subcontinent at least as far as Saketa and Sarnath near Varanasi (Benares) where inscriptions have been found dated to the first few years of era of the most famous Kushan ruler, Kanishka which apparently began about 127 CE.

KUSHA W.SATRAPS Empire * * * KUSHAN COINS

The Western SatrapsorWestern Kushan Empire

Kushan Empire (35-405 A.D) was Saka rulers of the western and central part of India. They were successors to the Indo-Scythians, and were contemporaneous with the Kushans who ruled the northern part of the Indian; they took control of the area of Ujjain in the early 1st century BCE. It is thought that the Western Satraps may have been viceroys of the Kushans, but later became independent. The last king Rudrasimha III ruled from 388-395 CE

(13) KUSHAN

(100 B.C- 320 A.D)

Ancient: Northern India-Kushan /Coin-1

Ruler : Kanishka

Period : 130-158 A.D Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Kushan /Coin-2

Ruler : Huvishak

Period : 175-195 A.D Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Kushan /Coin-3

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 80-225 Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Kushan /Coin-4

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 100 B.C-320 A.D Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Kushan /Coin-5

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 100 B.C-320 A D Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Kushan /Coin-6

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 100 B.C-320 A.D Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Kushan /Coin-7

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 100 B.C-320 A.D Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

The Satraps

Were over- thrown by the Guptas they issued coins first as Kushana coin.

(14) KASHTARAP

(100 B.C-295 A.D)

Ancient: Northern India-Kashtarap /Coin-1

Ruler : Rudrasimha-I

Period : 199-222 A.D Metal : Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Kashtarap /Coin-2

Ruler : Rudrasimha-III

Period : 388-395 A.D Metal : Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

Nahapana

Nahapana (r.119-124 CE) was an Important ruler of the Western Kshatrapas, descendant of the Indo-Scythians, in northwestern India. The Kshatrapa dynasty became very powerful with the accession of Nahapana to the throne. Nahapana occupied vast portion of the Satavahana empire in western and central India, although he was ultimately defeated by the powerful Satavahana king Gautamiputra Satakarni in 125 CE.

(15) NAHAPANA

Ancient: Northern India-Nahapana /Coin-1

Ruler : Nahapana

Period : 119-124 A.D Metal : Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

Naga Kingdom

NagaKingdom refers to the territory of a tribe called Nagas who were a group of people spread throughout India during 2nd century – 4th century.

(16) NAGAS, (Padmavati)

Ancient: Northern India-Naga /Coin-1-2

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 2nd–4th Century A.D (Pre- Gupta)

Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Naga /Coin-3

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 2nd–4th Century A.D (Pre- Gupta)

Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Naga /Coin-4

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 2nd–4th Century A.D (Pre- Gupta)

Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

(17) ERAN

Ancient: Northern India-Eran /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown

Period : (About 240- 550 A.D)

Metal : Copper (Thin plan Chet)

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Eran /Coin-2

Ruler : Unknown

Period : (About 240- 550 A.D) Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

TheGupta Empire

Gupta Empire

Gupta Empire which existed approximately from 320 to 550 CE Founded by Maharaja Sri-Gupta, The capital of the Guptas was Pataliputra, present day Patna, in the north Indian state of Bihar.

This period is called the Golden Age of India and was marked by extensive achievements in science, technology, engineering, art, dialectic, literature, logic, mathematics, astronomy, religion and philosophy.

Iron Pillar is built during the Gupta period

(18) GUPTAS

(240- 550 A.D)

Ancient: Northern India-Gupta /Coin-1

Ruler : Chandra Gupta-ii

Period : 380-413 A.D Metal : Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Gupta /Coin-2

Ruler : UNKNOWN

Period : 320-526 A.DMetal : Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

Northern Kalachuris

NorthernKalachuris ruled in central India with its base at the ancient city of Tripuri (Tewar) it originated in the 8th century, expanded significantly in the 11th century and declined in the 12th-13th centuries.

(19) KALACHORI

Ancient: Northern India-Kalachuri /Coin-1

Ruler: Kishanrajan, Period: Post Gupta (1130-1185)

Metal : Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

Vallabhi

Vallabhi(modern Vala) is an ancient city located in Saurashtra peninsula in Gujarat, in western India, near Bhavnagar, it was the capital of the ancient Maitraka dynasty.

(20) MAITRAKAS OF VALABHI

Ancient: Northern India-Vallabhi /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown

Period : Post Gupta (400 A.D & above) Metal : Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

The Huna

Hunahad established themselves in Afghanistan and the modern North-West Frontier Province of present day Pakistan by the first half of the fifth century, and the Gupta emperor Skandagupta had repelled a Hūna invasion in 455 before the Hephthalite clan came along. They made their capital at the city of Sakala, modern Sialkot in Pakistan; Tormana was a powerful king in the Huns.

White Huns: They were originally from China, and in the 6th century they issued coins as Kushana.

(21) HUNAS

Ancient: Northern India-Hun /Coin-1

Ruler : Tormana

Period : 570-855 A.D Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

The Pratihara Empire

Pratihara Empire also known as Parihars, formed an Indian dynasty that ruled much of Northern India from the 6th to the 11th centuries

At its peak of prosperity and power (c. 836–910), it rivaled the Gupta Empire in the extent of its territory.

(22) PARTIHARAS

Ancient: Northern India-Partihara /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown (Sassanain type, burst of king)

Period : 780-900 A.D Metal : Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

Gadhiya Coin

Gadhiya type coins issued from so many places and so many dynasties as Chavdas of Gujrat, Chalukyas of Gujrat, Vaghelas of Gujrat, Malwa Silaharas, etc. On some coins we found “Om” and “Omkara” in Hindi, a typical type of king’s burst is common.

(23) GADHIYA COINS

Ancient: Northern India-Gadhiya coins/Coin-1

Ruler : Omkara Mandhata (Malwa, Madhya Pradesh)

Period : circa 10TH Century A.D Metal : Silver

Rarity : SCARCE ( “Sree Om” Type)

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Gadhiya coins /Coin-2-3

Gadhiya-Derivative Coinage of Chalukyas of Gujarat,

Ruler : Unknown (GUJRAT)

Period : Anonymous (1030 AD – 1120 AD) Metal: Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Gadhiya coins /Coin-4-5

Gadhiya-Derivative Coinage of Chalukyas of Gujarat,

Ruler : Unknown (region Gujrat)

Period:Anonymous (1120 AD – 1210 AD)

Metal: Silver

* * * * * * * * * * *.

The Shahi

Shahi dynasties was one of the Middle kingdoms of India which ruled portions of the Kabul Valley (in eastern Afghanistan) and the old province of Gandhara , northern Pakistan from the decline of the Kushan Empire in third century to the early ninth century.

(24) HINDU SHAHI, SAMANTHDEV

Ancient: Northern India-Hindu Shahi /Coin-1

Ruler : Samantadeva

Period : c.890-895 Metal: Silver

* * * * * * * * * *

The Rajput

Rajput were a Hindu clan, who rose to power across a region stretching from the gangaetic plains to the Afghan mountains, and refer to the various dynasties of the many kingdoms in the region in the wake of the collapse of the Sassanid Empire and Gupta Empire and marks the transition of Buddhist ruling dynasties to Hindu ruling dynasties.

(25) CHAUHAN

Ancient: Northern India-Ranthambhor /Coin-1

Ruler : Jaitra Simha (circa 1275).

Period : Rajput Age 700-1200A.D Metal: Billon

* * * * * * * * * *

Kashmir

Kashmir has a very old history and so many dynasties rolled on Kashmir. Gonanda-I was the first king of Kashmir, who was a relative of Jarasasamdha of Magadh.

The Mauryan, Chandragupta Maurya to Ashoka the Great had rolled on it. Than Bactrian Kushan Empire as Hushka, Jushka and Kanishka (127-147 CE) also rolled on Kashmir. After Gonandiya Dynasty, the ruler of Toramana and Mihirakula (510-542 CE) of Hun dynasty were rolled on Kashmir. Karkota dynast (625-1003 CE) and Utpala dynasty than Kutumbi circa 900 CE were rolled on Kashmir

In Divira Dynasty Didda (Rani) daughter of Simharaja of Lohara was a power full Rani who rolled from 980-1003 CE. The Lohara family was founded by a Nara of Darvabhisara.

And after the Medieval period to model period so many Sultan and Rajas had rolled on Kashmir till 1947 AD

(26) KASHMIR

(625-1339 CE)

Ancient: Northern India-Kashmir Rajas /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown Period : 700 – 1300 A.D Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Kashmir Rajas /Coin-2

Ruler : Sanukaravarma

Period : Circa 981 A.D Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Kashmir Rajas /Coin-3

Ruler : Didda Rani

Period : Circa 992 A.D Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Northern India-Kashmir Rajas /Coin-1

Ruler : Ajay Dev

Period : (700 – 1300 A.D) Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Gond

Gond Dynasty was ruling in the 15th and 16th century with its capital Amarakantak. This dynasty is known in history for the chivalry of Rani Durgavati (circa 1564 AD) she was in the Mughal period. Her father-in-law Sangram Shah had issued some square coins. There was another Gond dynasty at Devagarh, The rulers name found in history as Kokashah and Jatha.

(27) GOND

Ancient: Northern India-Gond /Coin-1

Ruler : Sangram Singh (Gondwana Ruler)

Period: 1st–4th Century A.D (Jabalpur area)

Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

ANCIENT COIN

Ancient : Coin

Ruler: Unknown, Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

(2) ANCIENT COINS

SOUTHERN INDIA

The Lead: was used for coins, first in India, in the Andhra region, later it became prime metal of Deccan for a long time and from there it went to Gujrat and Malwa and then to Punjab. The Indo-Bactrian and Saka Kashatrapa rulers. Who issued some coins in this metal, lead.

(1) ANANDA

Ancient: Southern India-Ananda /Coin-1

Ruler : MULANANDA (Karwar Region, Konkan area)

Period : circa2nd century B.C Metal : Lead

* * * * * * * * * *

The Satavahana:Empire started out as feudatories to the Mauryan Empire but declared independence soon after the death of Ashoka (232 BC).

(2) PRE-SATAVAHANA

Ancient: Southern India-Pre-Satavahana /Coin-1

Ruler : Early King, Unknown

Period : 200 B.C-100 B.C Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Pre-Satavahana /Coin-2

Ruler : Early King, Unknown

Period : 150 B.C-100 B.C Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Pre-Satavahana /Coin-3

Ruler : Early King, Unknown

Period : 150 B.C-100 B.C Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Pre-Satavahana /Coin-4

Ruler : Early King, Unknown

Period : circa 100 B.C Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Pre-Satavahana /Coin-5

Ruler : Early King, Unknown

Period : circa 100 B.C Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Pre-Satavahana /Coin-6

Ruler : Early King, Unknown

Period : circa 100 B.C Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

TheSatavahana

SATAVAHANA EMPIRE

Satavahana dominated the political scene of the Deccan after decline of the Maurya. They came as most powerful rulers of Deccan and defeated the other kingdoms such as Mitra and Bhadra, Sebaka Rulers as it can be seen from the coins of these rulers over struck by the Satavahanas. The coins of Satavahanas are mostly found in Andhra, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujrat and some part of Tamilnadu. These coins are richest in Deccan numismatics both in variety and quantity. They issued coins Silver, Copper, Potin, Lead.

Generally the Satavahana coins have Brahmi legends giving names of kings in Prakrit and in most of cases they have Ujjain symbol, and some coins showing burst of king and some an elephant with the trunk upraised or hanging down

TheSatavahana: Empire also known as Andhras about 450 years, until around 220 CE.

(3) SATAVAHANAS

Ancient: Southern India-Satavahana /Coin-1

Ruler : Early King, Unknown

Period : 100 B.C – 249 A.D Metal : Lead

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Satavahana /Coin-2

Ruler : Early King, Unknown

Period : 100 B.C – 249 A.D Metal : Lead

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Satavahana /Coin-3

Ruler : Sri Yajna Satkarni (Maharashtra region)

Period : Circa 180 A.D Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Satavahana /Coin-4

Ruler : Satavahana (Junar Lion, Maharashtra region)

Period : 100 B.C – 249 A.D Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Satavahana, Kaulki Putra /Coin-5

Ruler : Kaulki Putra s/o Satkarni (Maharashtra region)

Period : Circa 200 A.D Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Satavahana /Coin-6-7

Ruler : Unknown, (Paithan)

Period : 100 B.C – 249 A.D Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Satavahana /Coin-8-9

Ruler : Unknown, (Paithan)

Period : 100 B.C – 249 A.D Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Satavahana /Coin-10-11

Ruler : Unknown, (Paithan)

Period : 100 B.C – 249 A.D Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Satavahana /Coin-12

Ruler : Gutamiputra Satakarni (Maharashtra region)

Period : c 106-130 Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Satavahana /Coin-13

Ruler : Gutamiputra Satakarni (Maharashtra region)

Period : c 106-130 Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

(4) SHIV MUG

Ancient: Southern India-Shivmug /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown

Period : Circa100 B.C Metal : Copper, UNIFACE

* * * * * * * * * *

AJANTA CAVE

AJANTA CAVES Location: 99-km From Aurangabad, Maharashtra Significance: World Heritage Site Total Caves: 30 Dates Back to: 2nd Century BC To 6th Century AD All caves shows the full life of Buddha Ajanta Caves built during the period of Vakataka

The Vakataka

Vakatak Dynasty

Vakataka was an Indian dynasty which ruled parts of today’s Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh from the third century to fifth century. They are the most important follow-up dynasty of the Satavahanas, contemporaneous with the Guptas. The dynasty was founded by Vindhyasakti

(5) VAKATAKA

Ancient: Southern India-Vakataka /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 300 – 500 A.D Metal : Lead

* * * * * * * * * *

The Vishnukundina Empire

Vishnukundina Empire ruled over the Deccan, Orissa and parts of South India during the 5th and 6th centuries carving land out from the Vakataka Empire. The Vishnukundin reign came to an end with the conquest of the eastern Deccan by the Chalukya.

(6) VISHNUKUNDIN

Ancient: Southern India-Vishnukundin /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 5 th-6 the. Century Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southern India-Vishnukundin /Coin-2

Ruler : Unknown

Period : 5 th-6 the. Century Metal : White metal

* * * * * * * * * *

Western Chalukya

Chalukyas Dynasty

In the late 10th century, the Western Chalukyas, also known as the Kalyani Chalukyas or ‘Later’ Chalukyas rose to power by overthrowing the Rashtrakutas under whom they had been serving as feudatories.

(7) CHALUKYAS

Ancient: Southern India-Chalukyan /Coin-1

Ruler : Anand Dev

Period : 543-1156 Metal : Billon

* * * * * * * * * *

The Pandyan Empire

Pandya territories

PandyanEmpire was an ancient Tamil dynasty. The Pandyas, Chola, Chera and Pallava Dynasties are the four Tamil Dynasties which ruled South India until the 15th century CE.

The Later Pandyas (1150-1350) entered their golden age under Maravman Sundara Pandyan and Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan (c. 1251),The last King of Pandya was Vira Pandyan IV (1309-1345 AD)

(8) PANDYAS

Ancient: Southern India-Pandya /Coin-1

Ruler : Unknown

Period : (600 – 1300 A.D) Metal : Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

The Cholas

Cholas Dynasty

Cholas ruled over parts of southern India. The earliest datable references to the dynasty are in inscriptions from the 3rd century BC left by Asoka, and the dynasty continued to reign over varying territory until the 12th century AD.

(9) CHOLAS

Ancient: Southrn India-Chola / Coin-1

Ruler: Raja Raja Chola

Period: 900-1300 Metal: Copper.

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southrn India-Chola / Coin-2

Ruler: Unknown

Period: 900-1300 Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southrn India-Chola / Coin-3

Ruler: Unknown

Period: 900-1300 Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southrn India-Chola / Coin-4

Ruler: Unknown

Period: 900-1300 Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southrn India-Chola / Coin-5

Ruler: Unknown

Period: 900-1300 Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

The Vijayanagara Empire

Vijaynagar Empire

Vijayanagara Empire was a South Indian empire based in the Deccan Plateau. Established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I, it lasted until 1646 although its power declined after a major military defeat in 1565 by the Deccan sultanates. The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara.

(10) VIJAYANAGARA EMPIRE

(1336-1646 CE)

Ancient: Southrn India-Vijaynagar / Coin-1

Ruler: Bukkaray-1

Period: 1354-1377 Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southrn India-Vijaynagar / Coin-2

Ruler: Unknown

Period: 1136-1646 Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southrn India-Vijaynagar / Coin-3

Ruler: Unknown

Period: 1136-1646 Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * *

The Seuna, Sevunaor

Yadava dynasty(850 – 1334)

The Yadavas initially ruled as feudatories of the Rashtrakutas and then of the Western Chalukyas. Around the middle of the 12th century, they declared independence and established rule that reached its peak under Singhana II 1200-1247 C.E. The last successor of this dynasty, Singhana III, challenged the supremacy of Khilji of Delhi, The kingdom of Devgiri. was annexed by the Khilji empire in 1317 AD

(11) YADVAS (DEVGRI)

Ancient: Southrn India-Yadvas / Coin-1-2

Ruler: Unknown

Period: 1150-1317 Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * *

Ancient: Southrn India-Yadvas / Coin-3-4

Ruler: Unknown

Period: 1150-1317 Metal: Copper

* * * * * * * * * *

The Sivaganga (Lords) 1743-1801

Firstthey were under the Nayaks and afterward became independent and ruled on some parts of far south India.