REVISION HISTORY: Transcribed by Gordon Chancellor, typed and compared with the microfilm by Kees Rookmaaker, edited by John van Wyhe 7.2007, corrected against the manuscript by van Wyhe 9.2008. RN4

NOTE: These pages relate to Expedition no. 6 of Barlow 1933. The document is written in pencil except where noted. The paper appears to have been either taken from a notebook or cut to a small size by Darwin in order to serve as convenient field notes. Darwin's time in Chiloé is described in the Beagle diarypp. 280-6.

Editorial symbols used in the transcription:
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Reproduced with permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library and William Huxley Darwin.

After the stony grey Lava we meet, with slate & coloured, conch: fracture base. with acicular crystals of feldspar & others;
Bivouaced
we then meet true greenstone
the former resembles some of the dykes & metamorphic beds in Chili — These occur at about 1/4th of distance: The country is then covered up by yellow clay — soft sandstone & much gravel — all marine deposit. — Country very undulating. — trees

very lofty matted by canes —
before road people lost their lives — great undertaking
generally, but not always, logs of wood: — dexterity of horses —
joined broman & her son:
rather interesting scene —
patches of dead trees, bad wind. — only two houses & small cleared spots
many cheucacas & Barking birds — Vaginulus

some 100 ft high, very straight & large boles — 20
Much gravel & sand thick beds, some hundred feet thick. — I see the interior highest land, perhaps 1000 ft — is a perfect plain. — The A lower one along which the road is much less high perhaps = 500 ft plain of my drawing at Castro. — all composed of sand & gravel in horizontal lines or

current cleavage: like Alluvium of Severn —
we loose the clay therefore probably the Volcanic rocks near Castro much blocks of Mica Slate —
It is clear the highest plain must have been deposited beneath water: general Alluvium conclusion:
Whole Chiloe may be considered as coated with Tertiary gravel
some plains near Castro beds of white sand, like sea beaches cemented: could not

have been formed by Alluvial action, which inclined strata, sometimes tempted one to suppose. — Near Castro thick bed of shells 25 ft above high water mark: Mem near S Carlos: — were joined by fresh parties on foot & horseback, [shallowness] although bringing food: respect people yet would only eat our; sitting watching us — till we were almost obliged to feed them: which our weakness or goodnature did to form or fire extra the

another governor — sort of man on the road — who was perfectly astounded to know what we were going for "Come now tell me, where you are really going for?" — We followed coast to Yuched, & struck off into interior; intricate roads a very pretty variegated country, cleared out of the magnificent forest. — Met many men — all so extremely friendly — drove of cows — from Rodeo, more men on horseback, than

cattle; caught by dogs by ears & then with Lazo —
An Indian, about 50 years ago opened the road in 8 days rewarded by great grant of land — Indians sometimes traverse the Island steering by sun; sleeping in a given position so as to know their direction in the morning continuance of cloudy weather cannot move — a single Indian found the shipwreck on outer coast, who were

beginning to fail in provisions, & could by no means pass the wood — Enormous exertion men
Indians here crossed from Cucao to Castro in straight line. —
Coast quite impracticable, or else we had intended to have walked up it —
Mica slate near Castro, similar to South — dip very irregular perhaps East — Also some in Cascade Lakes —
Bed of comminuted shells in every part from 30-60 feet above high water mark — Arrived at borders of a fine lake

12 miles long — the East end has three or four houses, called Villinco = Determined to embark — in one of the curious periaguas — A cow was to be our companion — They pull her to the edge of canoes with two oars tumbled her into boat — Governor extremely anxious for us to see every thing by Land — pulled with [fe ]
counted the few nails of the Periaguas (properly speaking they have none) & with outstretched

neck watched the motion of our companion the cow was horror-struck, that the stream would carry us out of sea !!! Chileno! —
Regularity of winds in Cucao, very surprising = The Indian, although to be paid, required almost to be pressed = They exerted themselves like animals, the steers man on our second Governor, shouting to them like sheep =
Reached Cucao, before 10 o'clock & soon found an uninhabited house & made a fire & were comfortable: The most ugly

set of men who ever were in a boat together. —
not far from the sea = Can hear the roar at Castro.

25th — [January 1835]

Capella — a Barn — about 30 or 40 Indians: no trade:
houses scattered over much ground. — Poor & ill — treated by Patria: apathy. when said not to work: but in morning "they take all our profits."
Come from Huafo — same dialect all over Islands — diff from Auracan yet Mari = [word obscured]
Borliche or Walliche language [Bybenicas] have forgot these

believe to have come from the South — do not believe in Razene & Chaves coming from North — know name of first tribe — missionaries tempted Indian from Chonos by presents to come & live in Ceylon, & from Huafo: think that others perhaps migrated from fear: — Agrees with account of Lomas Harbor men: — Have not their Caciques: — How completely separated from the world is Cucao, The sea a complete

barrier — injured by law suits, & most arbitrary treatment: Painfully Humble & civil — Ave Maria; when they heard was round & in the air = A good deal of Mica slate as before with quartz plates, passing into finest sorts, & then into [Ampolite] ! dip exceedingly difficult to be known: yet found one good strat dip E by N. 10º or 12º —

Chepones
Fruit of Bromelia — & chichi of Lowes Harbor —
Road to top of P Huantamo quite impassable dreadful:
horses, being led, could only just crawl through: & none but Chilotan horses — yet better than road from Cucao! — Good land =
Donax of Quintero. — Splendid weather. after last six weeks dirt — Coast quite impass: across mountain have cut their way in 7 days. — Open traits up aloft —

Again embarked, on board Periagua — pull much better, than any one would suppose: 3 miles an hour against a light breeze = Indians pretty well dressed = Beastly dirty bivouac = very easy to ingratiate = White sugar =
Don Pedro & Commandante most kind to us — [being] very haughty to the Indians I command thee to stop:
very rude: = Fires all over the country — Reached