The USA Patriot Act: How does it affect libraries?

"They that can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety

deserve neither liberty nor safety." --Ben Franklin

The USA PATRIOT Act (the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act) is described simply as a bill "to deter and punish terrorist acts in the United States and around the world to enhance law enforcement investigatory tools and for other purposes" (H.R.3162). This bill passed through the major checks and balances of our government within three days, with very little resistance. The USA PATRIOT Act was introduced to the House of Representatives on October 24, 2001 and was passed on the same day by a vote of 357 (yeas) to 66 (nays). The Senate passed the bill with an almost unanimous vote of 98 (yeas) to 1 (nays) the very next day. On October 26, 2001, the USA PATRIOT Act became a law with the signature of President Bush.

Screenchot of USA PATRIOT Act (German Wikipedia)

President George W. Bush addresses an audience Wed...

English: U.S. Senator Russ Feingold spoke on the S...

While this act has been instated with the safety of our nation in mind, the American Library Association (ALA) has become very concerned with the power it affords the government.

The bill was passed through Congress at such a fast pace that there was not enough time for amendments and "some representatives complained on the floor that they had not even had time to read the bill" (ALA #4). The Government views this law as a means to stop terrorism, while activists working for civil liberties see many parts of this act as radical, trampling on American's constitutional rights. "The Act sacrifices our freedoms in the name of national security and upsets the democratic values that define our nation by consolidating vast new powers in the executive branch of government" (Chang, p.14). Our government was founded on a system of checks...

... United States. Although executions take place behind prison walls pro capital punishment groups gather outside of the prison with signs and cheers. In most states the law allows the family of the victims of ...

... of this kind demonstrates a respect for the individual.4 Incarceration and rehabilitation are also two effective ways of protecting the innocent against convicted murderers. It is sometimes argued that capital punishment is unjustified because those guilty of crimes cannot help acting ...

... of sexual assaults, arson, robbery, burglary escape, resisting arrest, kidnapping, or abuse of a child under sixteen years of age.'(AOL1) There are many different forms of capital punishment used today throughout the United States ...

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