English expressions for essay writing

Here is a small section of the mark scheme the examiners from a major examining board use when they award a grade A: shows sustained awareness of the audience arguments are convincingly developed and supported by relevant detail ideas are selected and prioritised to construct. Writing your essay for coursework or exam. Plan planning: in the mark scheme, you are awarded extra marks if your writing shows clear evidence that it has been consciously shaped ; this means creating writing that is well-structured. A plan is the best way to make sure your writing scores highly in this area. Think hard about the requirements of the form of your writing: what voice must you adopt; what layout is needed; what genre conventions must you adhere. Is it an essay, an article, a speech, a letter. Decide on a suitable style : what kind of language and layout will appeal to, engage and convince your reader?

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Show clearly you have considered the needs of what you are creating - its form be sure you know the conventions required for various forms of writing you need to understand how to write in a variety of forms : formal and informal letters, magazine. Make sure you understand the particular conventions of whichever form you must use for example, if you write a speech use a conversational tone without speech marks if you write a letter, set it out correctly and neatly. Whichever form you use, you must capture and hold on to your reader's attention - but be subtle and consider exactly what would appeal to that kind of reader with that kind of mind-set. The examiner absolutely expects to see a 'consciously shaped essay, letter, speech or article. Plan well and give what you write a progressively effective structure one that is interesting and clear. Build each paragraph around one topic that is introduced by an initial 'topic sentence aim to link each paragraph smoothly together by finishing with a sentence that subtly 'hooks into the opening topic sentence of the following paragraph. Show you know how to be persuasive writing that is coherent and fluent and which flows naturally, smoothly and with a sense of unity (i.e. Singleness of purpose) is writing that seeks to help your reader trust and believe in you and your cause; it shows a sensitive understanding of their current beliefs ; it seeks to forge common ground ; it is consciously shaped and is a form. A ll of this review will show that you are using a sophisticated and subtle persuasive style. It is such points as these that will allow the examiner to give you the high grade you want. Which points and style would change your mind?

In an exam, what you write will - with naturally - be purely made up: you are being tested on your writing skills, not on your ability to speak the truth and nothing but the truth. So the evidence you choose to support your case will need to be made up to suit the question. There is no problem with this, but you must make sure it is realistic and reasonable. Also, unless in the unlikely event that the exam question specifies differently, write as the sixteen-year-old school student that you are, never as some imaginary adult. Remember that sincerity and conviction are very convincing traits in a person pretending you are someone else will make it very difficult to sound sincere and authentic. Show you have thought long and hard about why you are writing - your purpose read your question with care until you are absolutely absorbed into the scenario it requires : try to become the person that holds this viewpoint. Only then will you be at your most convincing. But be realistic: your purpose is to change minds and sometimes a compromise is the most sensible next step in the process. Minds rarely change quickly and easily: take this into account when working out your objectives - maybe a meeting to discuss the issue is a sensible objective to hold?

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So find ways of convincing your fuller readers that you are a sound individual with your feet firmly on the ground. Sound sincere and authentic - even earnest and passionate if it is appropriate to the cause. Let your audience know that you are worth listening to, that you know what you are talking about and that you have a good reason for holding the beliefs that you. The most important persuasive technique is to sound authentic and passionate (as if you really mean what you say!) and this requires a confident tone : sound like you are sincere and believable. Try things like rhetorical devices and emotive language. Back up claims with solid evidence. For more on these see below.

And show that you share your reader's concerns - even if your view is different. To change a person's mind, you need to recognise that they feel they hold a reasonable view already. You must use reason in return and show how much more reasonable your own position. Shouting is never a good idea if you're trying to persuade someone - harsh persuasive methods are rather like shouting. People rarely change their minds easily (do you?) so, whilst you obviously cannot agree with what the other side currently believe or do, you must work out the best way to show them that your way is a better way to think or act. No one will listen to an arrogant, impolite big-head. Would you listen to someone you couldn't trust?

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In all you write, never ignore your audience (i.e. Your reader always show you have thought closely about their needs Just imagine how difficult it would be to persuade a stranger! Always 'get to know' your reader by working out what brought them to think the way they. Showing a close awareness of your audience is a key aspect of the mark scheme for this particular question in the exam. Use an appropriate level of formality by creating an effective register to suit your audience and purpose.

'What's in it for me? people put their own interests first. What can you offer your readers to help them change their mind? Especially as you open and close your writing aim for maximum interest! Don't be shy administrator - be different! It gains attention and it gains marks! Persuasion works best when you know your audience well so consider your reader, think about what their current views are and what has brought them to think that way - think about addressing them as a 'friend using the pronoun 'you'.

What you need to know. The art of argument and persuasion is a very ancient art indeed. In fact, the ancient Greeks called the art of using language persuasively, rhetoric (hence, phrases you might have heard such as 'rhetorical language' and 'rhetorical devices' - these both refer to ways of using language that seem especially persuasive or powerful ). Two of the most famous teachers of the ancient art of rhetoric were Plato's student, Aristotle and the roman, cicero. Classical rhetoric if the two ancient teachers Aristotle and Cicero were helping you write to persuade, they would be trying to convince you (using rhetorical language, no doubt.) that the ideal form of argument was through the use of one thing and one thing alone. Reason (which they called logos however, these ancient scholars both realised that, humans being human after all, we were prone to being persuaded by two other techniques: an appeal to character (which they called ethos ) and an appeal to emotion (which they called pathos.

Logos the appeal to reason most people believe themselves to be reasonable and to have a logical mind, so appealing to a person's sense of reason is generally thought to be the single most effective means of convincing them to change their way of thinking. 'If you do this, then that will happen. Ethos the appeal to character we all share certain common ideas about what is right, just or fair. By demonstrating your own, or appealing your opponent's, sense of what is right and fair, you can create quite a powerful persuasive device. 'both of us, i'm sure, would agree that trampling roughshod over a child's rights must be very wrong. Pathos the appeal to emotion it is said that when emotion comes in through the door, reason leaves via the window, thus when trying to persuade, using emotional pleas need great care. That said, persuasion does very often succeed by the careful and considered use of an emotional plea - especially one that shows just how passionate you feel for your point of view (E.g. 'can we genuinely call ourselves human beings when we allow this kind of thing to continue unabated.?). How to gaiigh grade.

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Its purpose is to create a essay powerful and emotional illustration of why your view is the right view to hold. Although a necdotes are based on real events, for your coursework and exam, you can make up the story, so long as it is realistic and reasonable. Click here for more on this. What is expected of you? For coursework or exam, you will be asked: to write in a particular form (i.e. Format : a newspaper or magazine article, a formal or informal letter or the text of a speech ) estate to write for a particular kind of audience. To gain a high grade, you will need to: use an effective and persuasive structure built up through several clear topic paragraphs use what are called discourse markers (i.e. 'argument sign-posts' such as, for a start., on the other hand., therefore., to continue., as you can see., however., but., to conclude. These help your ideas flow and help your reader follow your argument show you are aware of the form you are writing in and its genre conventions show a clear awareness of your intended audience by writing in a suitable style use effective persuasive techniques.

Perhaps you can say that you are the head of the year 11 committee, or have been a girl guide / boy scout essay leader, and. Top tip number two one way to bring your reader to start agreeing with you, right from the outset, is to "forge common ground". This means finding a way to show that both you and your opponent have a similar goal. This reduces the differences between the two of you to something much more manageable and achievable. There's much more on this later. Top tip number three a highly effective persuasive device, almost foolproof, is to tell an emotional anecdote. An anecdote is a brief and fascinating story from life, often from personal experience.

When writing to argue, you're expected to take account of opposing views and find ways to counter and overcome these, mostly through the use of well-reasoned points. This is because when you are asked to argue, you need to show you have recognises that other equally valid views exist on the subject. This difference means that when you write to persuade, you can afford to be: top tip number one your reader or listener needs to feel "warm" towards you - to be brought to feel that you are worth listening to - worthy of their time. This means that you need to find a way to present yourself as both reasonable and authoritative on your topic. In your opening paragraph explain this.

In fact, you'll be creating two very similar styles of writing. This is because they are both writing that has a similar purpose, that of seeking to influence. But, you've guessed. There are key differences that the examiner looks for and knowing about these will help push up your marks and help you towards a higher grade! When you set out to persuade someone, you want them to accept your opinion on essay an issue: you want to change that person's mind to your way of thinking. To do this, you will - just as with 'writing to argue' - be presenting a form of written argument ; but when you are trying to persuade, your argument is expected to be more passionate, even more one-sided than the far more balanced presentation. This is because persuasion is based on a personal conviction that your way of thinking is the right way.

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Information about alphabets and other writing systems. Constructed and adapted scripts for natural and constructed languages. Information about languages, and language-related articles. Learn the basics of about many languages. How to learn languages, phrases, numbers, colours and time, family words, terms of endearment, idioms, proverbs, tongue twisters. Countries, language lessons, udhr, tower of Babel, songs, other multilingual pages, find language tutors. Englishbiz - persuade 2017 Steve campsall writing that persuades, persuasion and argument - what's the difference? Okay, so you've been asked to write to persuade. But what's the difference between persuading and arguing?

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