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Common name: Hens and Chicks Origin: Canary Islands Uses: Very decorative plants, especially when a few years old. White flowers appear on a stalk after several years that then dies back. Very easy to grow from cuttings. Likely was introduced by Freddie Reichel, after consulting with Kate Sessions of San Diego around 1934.

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Common name: Rose Origin: Bred in United States in 1956 Uses: A bright yellow flowering climbing rose. The leaves are glossy green. Introduced by Dr. Walter Lammerts, a geneticist. His breeding efforts created an entirely new class of roses—Grandiflora.

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Common name: Torch Lily, Red hot poker Origin: South Africa Uses: Dramatic flower spikes of red, orange or yellow with evergreen spiky leaves. They need full sun and little water once established. The flowers are attractive to hummingbirds. This plant appears in photos of the west side greenhouse garden in 1934–1946.

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Common name: Lily of the Nile Origin: South Africa Uses: Evergreen perennial that forms clumps of strap like leaves. Blooms in summer. Tolerates little water during the summer. Survived over 40 years on Alcatraz with only winter rains and summer fogs.

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Common name: Belladonna Lily, Naked Lady Origin: South Africa Uses: A bulb that is suited for dry summers and wet winters. Sends up leaves to catch winter moisture, the leaves die back for the summer, flowers appear ‘naked’ during the late summer. The Belladonna Lily was introduced into cultivation at the beginning of the eighteenth century.

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Common name: Rose Origin: Introduced prior to 1894 by an unknown person Uses: Single flowers start out light yellow changing to pink and then to crimson. When the China Roses were introduced to the West there was a great revolution in the world of roses. A China gene is thought to be responsible for repeatability of bloom and they have the unusual characteristic of darkening with age, opposite of other roses. 'Mutabilis' first came to the attention of botanists when it was given to Henri Correvon of Geneva by Prince Ghilberto Borromeo.

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Common name: Lady’s Eardrops Origin: Chile, Argentina Uses: Blooms from late spring to first frost, attractive to hummingbirds. Summer fog replicates their mountain homes and supplies water during dry summer months. Edible berries may form. Fuchsia gall mite causes distorted leaves. ‘Angel’s Earring’s is resistant to the mite and has been introduced in 2006 to replace F. magellanica that is susceptible to the mite.

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Common name: Bush daisy Origin: Africa Uses: Long blooming evergreen shrub that tolerates ocean winds and likes well drained soil. This plant was chosen to represent other thirstier daisies that had been on Alcatraz.

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Common name: Treasure Flower Origin: South Africa Uses: Clump forming plants that provide color along pathways. Tolerates coastal growing conditions. Flowers usually close on cloudy days but this hybrid remains open.

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Common name: Geranium Origin: South Africa Uses: Blooms throughout the year in mild areas. The leaves are very fragrant and can be used in jellies, iced drinks or in potpourri. While the common name is geranium, Pelargoniums are botanically different from geraniums. Pelargoniums have asymmetric flowers, from the Southern hemisphere, are frost tender and have woody stems. After overgrowth was removed, this plant returned along the back wall of Foundation 9.

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Common name: Pansy, Viola, Violet Origin: A cultivated plant from wild Violas of deciduous forests. Uses: A cheery annual for winter and spring in mild areas, used along edges of paths. The markings on the flower resemble faces. The flowers are edible and the seeds are liked by sparrows.

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Common name: Mullein Origin: Turkey Uses: A biennial that likes well drained soil. Blooming is from early summer into late summer. Mullein has become naturalized in North America and Europe. New introduction to Alcatraz because of the plant’s drought tolerance.

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Common name: Evergreen Candytuft Origin: Southern and Western Europe Uses: Does well in well drained soil, it blooms best in spring with fewer blooms in the summer and fall. Make excellent cut flowers. A new introduction to Alcatraz because of the plant’s drought tolerance and attractiveness all year.

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Common name: Geranium, Orange Ricard Origin: South Africa Uses: Plant in well drained soil where days are warm and nights are cool for year round flowering. Also does well as potted plants. Cuttings for these plants were taken from the parade ground.

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Common name: Hebe Origin: New Zealand Uses: Requires good drainage, tolerates coastal conditions, blooms in summer. Attract butterflies. Named after the Greek goddess of youth, Hebe. Genus contains 90 species, the largest plant genus in New Zealand.

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Common name: Western Sword Fern Origin: Alaska to California, Montana, Idaho, South Dakota Uses: An evergreen fern that is easy to grow. Once plants are established they require little water. Ferns on Alcatraz may have come to the Island as spores in the soil. The soil was brought on during the fortress era to hold the cannons in place. The soil was brought from Angel Island and the Presidio.

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