Abstract : The aim of this work was to study the potentialities of cold plasma treatments for preventive and curative fungicidal applications on Pinus Pinaster. Treatments were realized by exposing samples to afterglows, generated in Dielectric Barrier Discharge DBD reactors. For preventive application, the aim is to define if DBD afterglow treatment could be used to avoid leachability of fungicidal products used in wood industry. A fungicidal molecule containing a reactive group and a quaternary ammonium was synthesized. It can be fixed on wood by a covalent bond and its leaching can that way be avoided. It was shown that an afterglow treatment could improve the kinetics of grafting reaction in comparison with treatment by heating. An afterglow assisted fixation of this molecule on wood can consequently protect it durably against blue-stain fungi attacks. For Curative application, direct effect of afterglows on fungi spores was studied. It was shown that afterglow exposure of Aureabasidium pullulans, Ceratocystis Sp., Penicillium Sp. And Gliocladium Sp. spores could lead to a quasi-total inhibition of their growth, even for less than 10 minutes treatment duration. Consequently, this PhD work has shown that DBD afterglow treatments could provide solutions in wood industry, for fungicidal preventive and curative applications.