In 1945, in World War II, U.S. troops invaded the Philippine island of Luzon and went on to liberate Manila.

In 1969, the British-French supersonic Concorde jetliner made its first test flight at Bristol, England.

In 1972, the luxury liner Queen Elizabeth was gutted by fire while docked in Hong Kong.

In 1986, the Internal Revenue Service, for the first time, announced it would withhold income tax refunds coming to 750,000 government loan defaulters, most of them former students.

In 1991, two New York City teenagers were sentenced for the 1989 rape and beating of a jogger in Central Park.

In 1993, seven people were found shot to death at a fast-food chicken restaurant in Palatine, Ill., northwest of Chicago.

In 1995, House Speaker Newt Gingrich asked for the resignation of House historian Christina Jeffrey after it was revealed she'd once criticized a school program on the Holocaust for not including the "Nazi point of view" or that of the Ku Klux Klan.

In 1996, a federal appeals panel ruled that a sexual harassment suit filed against President Bill Clinton by an ex-state worker of Arkansas could proceed.

Also in 1996, rebels in the Russian republic of Chechnya overran the town of Kizlyar and took 2,000 hostages at a hospital and in nearby homes.

In 1999, French NATO forces killed a suspected war criminal in Bosnia while trying to arrest him. Dragan Gagovic had been charged in the rape and torture of Muslim women during a Serb offensive in eastern Bosnia in 1992-93.

In 2001, Linda Chavez, President-elect George Bush's nominee for secretary of labor, withdrew from consideration after it was revealed that she'd sheltered an illegal alien from Guatemala.

In 2004, the Labor Department said only 1,000 non-farm jobs were added in December, a sharp decline from 43,000 in November and 100,000 in October.

Also in 2004, a new Kenyan survey said about 1 million adults were infected with the HIV virus in the country, one-third of previous estimates.

In 2005, the manager of the Iraqi National Accord party was assassinated near his home in Baghdad weeks before the general elections. The killing was described as part of a series of assassinations in Iraq that has killed hundreds of political, security and military officials.

A thought for the day: Seneca said, "If one does not know to which port one is sailing, no wind is favorable."