Microspheres and microcapsules have very broad applications in various fields, especially in those of biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals, as targeting drug-delivery carriers, separation media for protein, peptide, DNA, and so forth. It is a big challenge to design and prepare microspheres and microcapsules of different sizes and structures from various materials and develop new techniques. This book focuses on new microspheres and microcapsules specifically designed and prepared for application in the fields of biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals involving bioreaction, bioseparation, bioformulation, biodetection, and other new bioapplications. It provides a deep knowledge about the principles of design, preparation methods, and application results of new microspheres and microcapsules for each bioapplication area. The book also presents problems that need to be studied further and comments on the future prospects of microspheres and microcapsules.