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Led by its host, the Oscars wove racial themes throughout Sunday's telecast

(CNN)Everyone knew that Oscars host Chris Rock, after six weeks of silence on the issue, was going to address the #OscarsSoWhite controversy during his monologue Sunday night.

But viewers may not have been prepared for Rock's double-barreled assault on racism in Hollywood. He explored it head-on, not just in his opening speech but in comments and recorded segments throughout the show.

"Everyone wants to know: Is Hollywood racist? Is it burning-cross racist? No. It's a different kind of racist," Rock said Sunday.

"You're damn right Hollywood's racist, but not the racist that you've grown accustomed to. Hollywood is sorority racist. It's like, 'We like you, Rhonda, but you're not a Kappa.' That's how Hollywood is.

"But things are changing," he added, building up to a joke. "We got a black 'Rocky' this year. Some people call it 'Creed.' I call it 'Black Rocky.'

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Host Chris Rock speaks at the Oscars on Sunday at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles.

Rock had been widely expected to speak up on the well-documented lack of ethnic and gender diversity in Hollywood after no minorities were nominated in any of the four acting categories for the second consecutive year. The exclusion caused an uproar and led some prominent black celebrities, including actress Jada Pinkett Smith and filmmaker Spike Lee, to skip the show.

Rock said that he himself was urged by some to step down as host in protest.

"I thought about quitting. I thought about it real hard. But they're not going to cancel the Oscars because I quit. And the last thing I need is to lose another job to Kevin Hart."

Rock's monologue alternated between jokes and more serious statements echoing those of black leaders who have called for the movie industry to be more inclusive in hiring and casting minorities.

"It's not about boycotting. We want opportunities," Rock said. "We want black actors to get the same opportunities as white actors -- that's it. Not just once."

Some of Rock's more pointed jokes drew gasps or stunned silence from the mostly white audience inside Hollywood's Dolby Theatre.

"This is the 88th Academy Awards. So this whole 'no black nominees' thing has happened at least 71 other times." Rock said black Americans didn't made a fuss about it back then because they had more important things to worry about.

"We were too busy being raped and lynched to care about who won best cinematographer," he said. "When your grandmother's swinging from a tree, it's really hard to care about best documentary foreign short."

Rock pushed things even further when he joked that the Oscars telecast would be a little different this year.

"In the In Memoriam package, it's just going to be black people who were shot by the cops on the way to the movies," he said, a reference to the recent police shootings in Ferguson, Missouri, and elsewhere that galvanized the #BlackLivesMatter movement.

Photos:Oscars 2016: Red carpet

Photos:Oscars 2016: Red carpet

Actress Jennifer Lawrence arrives for the Academy Awards on Sunday, February 28.

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Charlize Theron

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Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet

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Alicia Vikander

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Olivia Wilde

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Pharrell Williams and Helen Lasichanh

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Reese Witherspoon

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Lady Gaga

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The Weeknd

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Alejandro Gonzalez Inarritu and Maria Eladia Hagerman

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Michael Keaton

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Kevin Hart and Eniko Parrish

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Cate Blanchett

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Emily Blunt

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Kate Capshaw and Steven Spielberg

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Rachel McAdams

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Kerry Washington

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Henry Cavill

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Aaron Rodgers and Olivia Munn

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Lily Cole

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Saoirse Ronan

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Sylvester Stallone and Jennifer Flavin

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Jennifer Garner

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Chrissy Teigen and John Legend

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Heidi Klum

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Matt Damon and Luciana Barroso

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Brie Larson

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Charlotte Rampling

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Eddie Redmayne

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Rooney Mara

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Margot Robbie

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Naomi Watts and Liev Schreiber

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Patricia Arquette

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Sam Smith

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Sophie Turner

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Jacob Tremblay

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Sofia Vergara

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Priyanka Chopra

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Mindy Kaling

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Sandy Powell

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Jordyn Blum and Dave Grohl

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Daisy Ridley

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Reaction online to Rock's comments -- and the racially tinged tenor of the show -- was mostly positive.

"Rock's opening monologue was not only funnier than most in recent memory; it was stinging enough to ricochet through the rest of the evening, as the inevitable cavalcade of white presenters and winners took the mike," wrote Michael Schulman in The New Yorker.

"This year will be remembered, rightly, for its thorny racial politics and for the way that Rock, probably as well as anyone could, held the industry to account on its biggest night."

"Some were in awe, some didn't know if they should laugh and others just sat there with the 'I just sucked a sour lemon' look on their faces. And this is why Rock was chosen. The academy knew he would be the one person to address the lack of diversity head on," she wrote.

"In the end, Rock's monologue and other jokes through the night may not have been perfect, but no one's jokes ever are. But what Rock and his team of writers did is what they do best. They made people feel uncomfortable. They made people think."

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From its opening moments, when Rock walked onstage to the thumping beat of Public Enemy's classic rap anthem "Fight the Power," it was clear the ceremony's producers had given the host free rein to explore racial themes throughout the show.

One recorded bit inserted black actors into clips from some of the year's nominated movies. Whoopi Goldberg appeared as a janitor behind Jennifer Lawrence in a scene from "Joy" -- based on the true story of the woman who invented the Miracle Mop -- to complain, "Of course, a black girl would have to invent the cure to cancer before they even give her a TV movie."

Leslie Jones of "Saturday Night Live" filled in for the angry bear in "The Revenant," pummeling Leonardo DiCaprio while yelling, "There are no black actresses in this movie!" And Rock himself spoofed "The Martian" in a scene that had white NASA officials arguing whether it was worth it to spend 2,500 "white dollars" to rescue his stranded black astronaut from Mars.

Another taped segment showed Rock visiting a movie theater in Los Angeles' Compton neighborhood to interview moviegoers who had never heard of such Oscar-nominated movies as "Trumbo" and "Bridge of Spies," suggesting a cultural disconnect between the Oscars and much of black America.

But one cameo seemed to leave some audience members confused. Early in the show, Rock introduced a surprise guest: "Clueless" actress and Fox News commentator Stacey Dash, who walked onstage to say, "Happy Black History Month." Dash had made headlines, and raised eyebrows, last month when she said Black History Month should be abolished because it promotes racial segregation.

The #OscarsSoWhite protests arose after nominations were announced in January and critically acclaimed black Oscar hopefuls such as "Beasts of No Nation's" Idris Elba, "Concussion" star Will Smith, "Creed" star Michael B. Jordan and the cast of N.W.A biopic "Straight Outta Compton" all were ignored.

Although Rock had remained quiet on the #OscarsSoWhite furor in the weeks leading up to the show, Oscars producer Reginald Hudlin said last month that the host was rewriting his opening monologue to call out the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, which votes on the Oscars.

The academy clearly aimed for diversity in its choice of presenters and performers, about one-third of whom were people of color.

Rock closed the night by saying "black lives matter," as "Fight the Power" again pumped from the speakers. In the end, it made for an unusually single-minded, topical approach to what is usually a thematically sprawling awards show.

"In case you didn't get it from the monologue, the Oscars race issue was brought up in no less than three filmed segments, each of which was amusing on its own, but maybe together tended toward overkill, stretched across a telecast that ran long," wrote Daniel Fienberg in The Hollywood Reporter.

"Rock did well within the single-minded approach he and the producers chose to take. Even if the conversation was sometimes myopic, there was an attempt to make the Oscars about something more important than just honoring rich people."

Photos:Black Academy Award winners

Photos:Black Academy Award winners

Hattie McDaniel was the first African-American to win an Academy Award, snagging a best supporting actress Oscar in 1940 for her role as Mammy in "Gone With The Wind."

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In 1964, Sidney Poitier won best actor for "Lilies of the Field."

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Louis Gossett Jr. poses in 1983 with his best supporting actor award for his role in "An Officer and a Gentleman."

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Denzel Washington accepts his best supporting actor Oscar for the film "Glory" in 1990.

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Her role in "Ghost" won Whoopi Goldberg a best supporting actress trophy in 1991.

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Cuba Gooding Jr. throws his Oscar into the air after being named best supporting actor for his role in "Jerry Maguire" in 1997.

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Denzel Washington became the first African-American to win two Oscars in the acting categories when he won best actor in 2002 for "Training Day."

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2002 also saw Halle Berry win the best actress Oscar for "Monster's Ball."

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Jamie Foxx won best actor for "Ray" in 2005.

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Morgan Freeman picked up the Oscar for best supporting actor for his role in "Million Dollar Baby" in 2005.

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"The Last King of Scotland" star Forest Whitaker won best actor in 2007.

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Jennifer Hudson won the best supporting actress Oscar for "Dreamgirls" in 2007.

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In 2009, Mo'Nique was named best supporting actress for her role in "Precious: Based on the Novel 'Push' by Sapphire."

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Lupita Nyong'o won the best supporting actress Oscar in 2014 for her role in "12 Years a Slave."

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In 2017, director Ezra Edelman and producer Caroline Waterlow won best documentary feature award for "O.J. Made In America."

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Other 2017 African-American Oscar winners included Mahershala Ali, who won best supporting actor for "Moonlight."

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Viola Davis was also victorious in 2017, winning the award for best supporting actress in "Fences."

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The African-American screenwriting team Tarell Alvin McCraney and Barry Jenkins won best adapted screenplay for "Moonlight" in 2017.