In recent years, qualified immigration has started to play a significant role for the German labour market, especially for securing skilled STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) employment. Efforts made to attract STEM immigrants from India are starting to show signs of...

This paper analyzes peer effects among university scientists. Specifically, it investigates whether the number of peers and their average quality affects the productivity of researchers in physics, chemistry, and mathematics. The usual endogeneity problems related to estimating peer effects are...

When academic researchers participate in commercialization using for-profit firms there is a potentially costly trade-off their time and effort are diverted away from academic knowledge creation. This is a form of brain drain on the not-for-profit research sector which may reduce knowledge...