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The asteroid, dubbed 2012 DA 14, passed around 27,000 kilometres above the Earth at the time of closest approach, about 6.25am on Saturday (AEDT), NASA said.

The US space agency had said in a statement on its website that this was ‘‘the closest-ever predicted approach to Earth for an object this large.’’

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The asteroid isn’t nearly as large as the 10-kilometre wide object that took out the dinosaurs, but astronomers said it was large enough that, had it struck the Earth’s surface, it could wipe out a large urban area.

However, the asteroid’s path kept it well away from Earth and from the ring of communications satellites in Earth’s orbit, and NASA said the object’s orbit would keep it further from the planet in the foreseeable future.

Close ... the passage of asteroid 2012 DA14 through the Earth-moon system. Photo: NASA

NASA said the flyby provided a ‘‘unique opportunity for researchers to study a near-Earth object up close.’’

Among other projects, the Goldstone Solar System Radar, located in California’s Mojave Desert, was taking radar images of the asteroid Friday and over the coming days to determine its exact size and shape.

Students of the Astronomical Association of Sabadell prepare to watch Asteroid 2012 DA14 pass Earth, in Sabadell, Spain. Photo: Reuters

Astronomers have detected some 9,500 celestial bodies of various sizes that pass near Earth, but they estimate that’s only one tenth of what’s out there.

Even 2012 DA 14 was almost missed last year because of how quickly it passed through the observable sky, according to Jaime Nomen, one of the astronomers who spotted it from the La Sagra observatory in southern Spain.

Earlier Friday, an unrelated meteor exploded with a blinding flash above central Russia, setting off a shockwave that shattered windows and hurt almost 1,000 people in an event unprecedented in modern times.

The meteor was estimated to be several metres long and to weigh several dozen tonnes.