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Cathedral around the corner from the Pantheon?

Can someone help me to recall the name of the cathedral around the corner from the Pantheon? It's the one with the that faces the square with the obelisk and elephant in the little plaza in front of it. Santa Maria something?????

Please correct me if I am wrong, but on the outside front to the right of the entrance (as you enter) are a number of plaques attached to the building. These are dated markers which identify high flood waters thru the centuries.

A cathedral is the principal church of a city or region, the seat of the bishop who presides over the area. The pope is the bishop of Rome and uses St. John in Lateran as his church for that purpose, but it too is called a basilica, though it serves as a cathedral, for some reason.

A cathedral can also be a basilica, as can a parish church, abbey church, conventual church, shrine church etc.
Basilica nowadays is a honorary title bestowed upon some notable churches by the Pope. Several new basilicas are created every year.
Basilica-cathedrals in Italy include St Mark's Venice, S Maria del Fiore Florence, Parma and Padua.
First basilica in the US was St Adalbert's Parish Church in Buffalo (1907) and the latest St Anthony's Cathedral in Beaumont, Texas (2006).

I'm curious...What types of things make a church "notable" and, therefore, worthy of the title "basilica"? Do you mean architecturally, historically, or something else? Or is it all based on a pope's whim?