Kamehameha II lived from 1797-1824 and ruled from 1819-1824
His birth name was Liholiho and full name was Kalaninui kua Liholiho i ke kapu ʻIolani. It was lengthened to Kalani Kaleiʻaimoku o Kaiwikapu o Laʻamea i Kauikawekiu Ahilapalapa Kealiʻi Kauinamoku o Kahekili Kalaninui i Mamao ʻIolani i Ka Liholiho when he took the throne.

Kamehameha III

Kamehameha III lived from 1814-1854 and ruled from 1825-1854

His full Hawaiian name was Keaweaweʻula Kiwalaʻo Kauikeaouli Kaleiopapa and then lengthened to Keaweaweʻula Kiwalaʻo Kauikeaouli Kaleiopapa Kalani Waiakua Kalanikau Iokikilo Kiwalaʻo i ke kapu Kamehameha when he ascended the throne.

Kamehameha V lived from 1830-1872 and ruled from 1863-1872
born as Lot Kapuāiwa his full Hawaiian name prior to his succession was Lota Liholiho Kapuāiwa Kalanimakua Kalanikupuapaikalaninui Aliʻiolani Kalani-a-Kekūanaōʻa

Missionary Williams Richards who hailed from Boston arrived in the islands in 1823. He was an even tempered educated man who became an adviser to Kamehameha III in 1838 and was trusted by the chiefs. A diplomat he has been considered the person who highly influenced the first Hawaiian constitution in 1840 and drafted many laws for Kamehameha III. He believed it was of the best interest, of Hawaiians to adopt Western-style government, something that is still controversial among native Hawaiians, for the changes that he and other missionaries brought to the islands.