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The number of inbound visitors to Africa has been growing fast during this century, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Traditionally, the countries with the highest number of arrivals have been Morocco, South Africa, Egypt, and Tunisia, but the latter two have suffered the effects of domestic political unrest. New destinations are emerging, such as Angola, Mozambique, Rwanda, Burundi, Ethiopia, and Cape Verde. The figures for outbound travel from Africa remain small, compared with other parts of the world, although they are expected to rise due to economic growth. African countries are still lagging in terms of travel and tourism competitiveness. The liberalization of the aviation sector has improved accessibility, but land transportation is increasingly affected by congestion. The development of tourism is also hindered by safety, ...