John Kerry and Iranian foreign minister in negotiating round before 30 June deadline as April framework pact left big questions unanswered
A month out from a nuclear deal deadline, top US and Iranian diplomats gathered in Geneva on Saturday in an effort to bridge differences over how quickly to ease economic sanctions on Tehran and how significantly the Iranians must open up military facilities to international inspections.
The talks between US secretary of state John Kerry and Iranian foreign minister Mohammad Javad Zarif were likely to extend into Sunday, a negotiating round that officials described as the most substantive since world powers and Iran clinched a framework pact in April.
Kerry and Zarif met for six hours on Saturday, trying to overcome obstacles to a final nuclear agreement. They were the first substantive talks since Iran struck an interim accord with the US, Britain, France, Germany, Russia and China on 2 April.
“Secretary Kerry and Foreign Minister Zarif, along with their teams, had a thorough and comprehensive discussion of all of the issues today,” a senior State Department official said, without elaborating.
One of the issues still to be resolved is the push by the world powers for international access to Iran’s military sites and its team of atomic experts. Tehran wants sanctions to be lifted immediately after a deal is reached.
A senior US official said earlier there had been substantial progress in negotiations in Vienna in recent weeks on drafting a political agreement and three technical annexes on curbing Tehran’s nuclear programme.
The US States has said it will not extend the talks beyond the 30 June deadline.
“We really do believe we can get it done by [June] 30th and we’re not contemplating an extension. We just aren’t,” said the official travelling with Kerry to Geneva, adding that Kerry’s schedule for June had been cleared to focus on the talks.
Asked before Saturday’s talks about completing the full accord by 30 June, Zarif said: “We will try.”
France has demanded more stringent restrictions on the Iranians and indicated discussions are likely to slip into July. Iran’s senior nuclear negotiator Abbas Araqchi also warned that the deadline might need to be extended.
Kerry was due to visit Paris on Monday after a quick trip to Madrid on Sunday.
A western diplomat said inspections of military sites by United Nations watchdog the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and access to Iran’s scientists were critical to checking whether Iran was pursuing a clandestine nuclear weapons programme.
“If the IAEA can’t have access to [the scientists] or the military sites then it’s a problem,” the diplomat said. “The IAEA needs sufficient access quickly to those sites to ensure things don’t just disappear.”
The State Department official took a similar view, saying without access “we’re not going to sign” a deal.
Iran denies any ambition to develop a nuclear weapon and says its programme is purely peaceful.
“The issue of interviews with nuclear scientists is generally off the table as well as the inspection of military sites,” Araqchi told reporters as he arrived for the talks with Kerry. “How additional protocol would be implemented is still a matter of disagreement that we are still talking about.”
Iran’s demand that sanctions be rescinded immediately after a deal is also holding up a settlement as the powers have said they can only be removed in staggered phases.
Tehran-based analyst Saeed Laylaz said he expected a deal to be finalised despite resistance from opponents in Iran and the US.
“Neither America nor Iran have a choice but to reach a deal,” he told Reuters. “Failure to reach a deal will fuel tension in the region.”
Mark Fitzpatrick, a former State Department official now at the International Institute for Strategic Studies, said an agreement was likely some time in July.
“The most difficult compromises have already been made,” he said. “But the Iranians could overplay their hand on the incorrect assumption that Obama needs a deal more than they do.”

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