Updated Methodology

OpenCorporates, supported by the World Bank Institute via its
Open and Collaborative Private Sector initiative, developed
and implemented a methodology in order to develop an Open
Company Data Index. As part of the process, and with the help
of the open data community, OpenCorporates visited over 100
registers between March and June of 2012, to score the access
to the data and the ability to reuse that data. Since then,
the information has been updated as part of a policy of
updating the data in a timely manner should the information
change, or should errors be discovered.

As part of a significant expansion of the Open Company Data Index,
we have extended it to every country in the world, and have
taken this opportunity to review the methodology, and have made
some revisions to it. The revised methodology is before and when the revised
scores have been collated, the site will be updated and the previous
scores and this page will be archived. Information on the old
methodology can be found here

The Challenge

One of the challenges in producing this report is that good
information about company registries in different countries or
jurisdictions is in short supply.

Despite the importance of company registries, as they are
usually intended to be the canonical reference source for the
legal information about companies, they are often hard to
find. There is no comprehensive directory of company registries,
making them difficult to track down, either through central
government sites, or through search engines.

Once registries have been found, they are often difficult to
use. It is often unclear if a registry covers all companies in a
jurisdiction. The quality or accuracy of the information
contained in these registries is often in doubt, and frequently
the register’s legal status is not mentioned. All too often most
or all of the data is difficult to view.

Scoring

Company registers should be public, as they are the public
record of artificial entities given legal personality by the
state for the benefit of society. In a free and open society,
this important information should be free to use and reuse for
all, without charge and without restrictive license
conditions.

This material should be in the public domain, with no license
restrictions at all. For this survey, scoring has been done
based on whether the license complies with the generally
accepted Open Knowledge
Definition.

Additionally, the underlying data should be available to all
without fee, and without restrictions, as machine-readable
data. If the data is not available freely, it can only be
accessed by those with the resources to pay, thus undermining
scrutiny, innovation, and a free and open market. Scores were
assessed on the following basis: (with a total of a possible
100 points):

Is basic information is online and available to search without charge or registration? This is the base minimum threshold for an open company register. In short, if a company register cannot be searched for without charge, restriction or registration (which implies restriction) then the register is essentially closed to the public.

In cases where there are central registers that aggregate local regional registers (as in the case of Spain or Brazil), scoring is based on this central register, rather than the regional registers.

Additional factor: Reduce by 10 points if the register has known quality problems (e.g. many duplicate records), is not frequently updated, or doesn’t give the status of the company (i.e. whether it is still in business) order doesn't provide unique identifiers. Reason to be recorded.

2. OPENLY LICENSED: UP TO 30 POINTS

Is there an explicit open licence (e.g. CC-0, UK Open Government Licence)?

0 points for a licence that explicitly prevents reuse or otherwise fails to conform to the Open Knowledge definition, including catch-all closed licences (e.g. All Rights Reserved).

Additional data to be captured: URL of terms and conditions and/or to the licence (e.g. UK Open Government Licence).

3. FREE MACHINE-READABLE DATA: 20 POINTS

Is the basic information freely available as data, either as a free data dump or via a free API?

20 points if the data is freely available

0 points if there are any restrictions to having the data freely available

Clarification: An API may require registration, but must add no additional restrictions to the use of the data, nor to charge for access to the data. Download dumps should not require registration or additional restrictions.

Additional data to be captured: URL of download page or API.

4. DATA DEPTH: DIRECTORS: 10 POINTS

Does the publicly available information include a list of company directors for each company?

10 points if it includes a list of company directors for each company as freely available data

0 points if it does not include a list of company directors for each company

Clarification: The register should list all directors for a company, or at least all executive directors. Where a company register clearly only makes a single director available it should not be considered to meet the threshold

5. DATA DEPTH: ANNUAL ACCOUNTS: 10 POINTS

Does the publicly available information include annual accounts for each company?

10 points if it includes annual accounts for each company available as freely available data

5 points if it includes annual accounts for each company freely available, but not available as data (e.g. only on a web page, or PDF/image documents)

0 points if it does not include annual accounts for each company

6. DATA DEPTH: SHAREHOLDINGS: 10 POINTS

Does the publicly available information include significant shareholdings for each company?

10 points if it includes significant shareholdings for each company available as freely available data

5 points if it includes significant shareholdings for each company freely available, but not available as data (e.g. only on a web page, or PDF/image documents)

0 points if it does not include significant shareholdings for each company

Clarification: To qualify a register must include detailed shareholding, including the number or percentage of shares held, and must be contemporaneous (i.e. updated as the shareholding changes, not once per year).

Other information captured

To ensure that the data is fully transparent, the following fields are captured for each register:

Country name if it includes significant shareholdings for each company

Jurisdiction if different from above (e.g. Delaware)

Name of company register (e.g. Delaware)

URL for company register, or government page (e.g on Ministry of Commerce website) referencing the register, if register is not online

Date assessment made

Errors and corrections

OpenCorporates has a policy of correcting errors as soon as they are brought to our attention. If you believe that any of the scores on this index are incorrect or out-of-date, please contact us at info@opencorporates.com