LIFE-LONG FLEXIBILITY

Learning is a special case of behavioral flexibility that is the foundation of many adaptive behaviors, including vocal communication in song birds and humans. Cognitive processes including perception, motivation, attention and behavioral response are mediate by brain mechanisms ranging in scope from molecular to anatomical. We use behavioral and neurobiological approaches to evaluate individual differences in brain structure and function.

Songbirds learn their vocalizations during sensitive periods early in development.

Immunohistochemistry permits comparison of the expression of immediate early genes and neuropeptides that regulate neural function and, ultimately, behavior.