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whois

Internet domain name and network number directory service

whois [-aAbfgiIklmPQrRS][-c TLD | -h host][-p port][--] name …

looks up records in the databases maintained by Network Information Centers (NICs).

starts by querying the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) whois server, and follows referrals to
whois servers that have more specific details about the query name. The IANA whois server knows about IP address and AS
numbers as well as domain names.

Point-of-contact handles for ARIN, nic.at, NORID, and RIPE, and domain names under ac.uk.
and other anomilies where referrals do not work, uses to the appropriate server.

-h host

name or an IP address

-c TLD

equivalent of using -h with an argument of TLD.whois-servers.net. helpful
for locating country-class TLD whois servers.

-R

recursive, i.e. follow referrals to other whois servers. default if no server is explicitly specified.

-Q

quick lookup; no attempt to follow referrals.
Default if a server is explicitly specified using one of the other options or in an environment variable.

-a

ARIN American Registry for Internet Numbers . not by APNIC, AfriNIC, LACNIC, nor by RIPE.
jooarin.net

-A

APNIC Asia/Pacific Network Information Center . East Asia,
Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific islands. use whois -A help

-b

bad, the Network Abuse Clearinghouse . contains addresses to which network abuse should be reported,
indexed by domain name.

-f

AfriNIC African Network Information Centre , and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. usie whois -f help

ENVIRONMENT

EXAMPLES

To obtain contact information about an administrator located in the Russian TLD domain "RU", use -c
example,
whois -c RU CONTACT-ID # technical | administrative |
(specific to the TLD "RU", but other TLDs can be queried by using a similar syntax.)
query a whois server using a non-standard port, where ``query-data'' is the
query to be sent to ``whois.example.com'' on port ``rwhois'' (written numerically as 4321).
whois -h whois.example.com -p rwhois query-data
Some whois servers support complex queries with dash-letter options. You can use the -- option to separate whois command
options from whois server query options. A query containing spaces must be quoted as one argument to the whois command.
The following example asks the RIPE whois server to return a brief description of its ``domain'' object type:
whois -r -- '-t domain'

SEE ALSO

Ken Harrenstien and Vic White, NICNAME/WHOIS, 1 March 1982, RFC 812.

-c f --config=f

instead of /etc/jwhois.conf

-h host
--host=host

overrides any hosts in the configuration file and queries host directly.

-p port --port=port

default 43, 63, 4321[rwhois])

-f --force-lookup

forces a query to be made to a host not from cache.

-v --verbose

outputs debugging information. Increase the verbosity by giving several verbose commands such as -vv.

-n --no-redirect

disable features that redirect queries from one server to another.

-s --no-whoisservers

disable the built-in support for whois-servers.net.

-a --raw

send query verbatim to receiving hosts instead of rewriting them
according to the configuration.

-i --display-redirections

display every step in a redirection (default is to display only the last answer).

-d --disable-cache

completely disable both reading and writing to cache.

-r --rwhois

force the query to use the rwhois protocoll instead of HTTP or whois.

--rwhois-display=DISPLAY

receiving rwhois servers to display the results in the DISPLAY display instead of the default dump display.

RIPE EXTENSIONS

To use the options specified in RIPE Document 157, change the format of the query . If you were to search for all
entries in the RIPE database which lists the admin-c, tech-c or zone-c
as CO19-RIPE, use the command syntax: