Your Baby's Hearing, Vision, and Other Senses: 12 Months

Your baby learns about the world through the sights, sounds, tastes, smells, and
textures in the environment.

How Well Can My Baby See?

Your baby's eyesight has been maturing
for many months. Now, your little one can see quite well near and far and even focus
on quickly moving objects. Your baby's motor skills are working together with eyesight
(hand–eye coordination), and it's
likely that he or she can spot a toy across the room, focus on it, move to it, pick
it up, and explore it in lots of ways.

Familiar and loving faces are still your baby's favorite things to look at, but
he or she also may enjoy looking at pictures in books,
especially familiar images. Your baby may love objects with parts or pieces that move,
and will spend lots of time staring at and manipulating these things, trying to figure
out how or why they work. Take your baby with you to see new and interesting places.
Point out the sights and label them by name.

Does My Baby Understand What I Say?

Your baby's been listening to you since before birth and is starting to know common
words, such as ball, cup, and bottle.

You'll also know you're being heard and understood
when you ask "Where's Daddy?" and your baby looks his way; or you say "Go find the
ball" and he or she crawls right to it. Your baby should already respond well to his
or her own name and look up (and at least pause) when you say "No!"

Labeling simple objects during the course of the day reinforces the message that
everything has its own name. Your baby is learning what familiar objects are called
and storing this information away until the time when he or she can form the words.

During this period, your baby will be making more and more recognizable sounds,
such as "ga," "ba," and "da." By now your baby is putting these sounds together to
make words like dada or baba. Soon your baby will make the link between the sounds
and specific objects.

By the end of the first year, your baby should:

be responding well to simple requests from you ("Wave bye-bye")

have at least one true word in his or her vocabulary and say mama and dada

be making some babbling attempts at real conversation

Taste and Smell

By this age, your baby is developing food
preferences. Keep offering foods with a variety of tastes and smells, and don't
give up if he or she doesn't take to it right away. It can take 10 tries or more before
a baby learns to like new food.

Explore the sense of smell with your baby. A trip outside can provide a wide variety
of scents, from the sweet scent of flowers to the distinctive smell of recently cut
grass.

Touch

Your baby is getting around more independently, learning to scoot, crawl, or walk.
This means your baby can go and touch the things he or she wants to touch. After making
sure there are no hot, sharp, or other dangerous
things that can hurt your baby and no small objects that can be put in the mouth,
let your baby explore the textures and surfaces of your home and yard.

Let your baby find out how that banana gets mushy on the highchair tray, and that
ice cubes feel hard and cold. Find some sandpaper and let your baby rub a hand gently
over its coarse surface, then move that hand to the smooth coolness of a stainless-steel
sink.

Of course, your loving touch is still the most important touch your baby knows,
so give your baby hugs and kisses each chance you get.

If You're Worried

You've probably addressed any concerns you've had about your baby's eyesight already.
But be sure to talk with your doctor if you notice any problems, including:

eyes that always wander in or out or don't move together

an inability to see or recognize distant objects or people

regular tearing, discharge, crusting, or redness of eyes

frequent squinting or sensitivity to light

droopy eyelids

too much eye rubbing or scratching

If you're worried about how your baby hears, tell your doctor right away, especially
if you feel your baby is not babbling, imitating sounds, or responding to you or noises
in the environment.