3 FAIR TRADE DEFINITIONFair Trade seeks to address the underlying causes of poverty through new forms of trading relationships rather than merely tackling the symptoms by checking compliance with standards within individual operators and supply chains (Fair Trade Labeling Organization - FLO )

4 Currently accepted definition of Fair TradeFair Trade is a trading partnership, based on dialogue, transparency and respect, that seeks greater equity in international trade.It contributes to sustainable development by offering better trading conditions to, and securing the rights of, marginalized producers and workers – especially in the South.Fair Trade Organizations, backed by consumers, are engaged actively in supporting producers, awareness raising and in campaigning for changes in the rules and practice of conventional international trade.”Fair Trade products are produced and traded in accordance with these principles – wherever possible verified by credible, independent assurance systems.

8 What sustains the value?UNLIKE GOLD , NOT A COMMODITYUNLIKE DIAMONDS NO CENTRALIZED MARKETING AND MARKET PRICE CONTROLVALUE BASED ON REGIONAL AND SEASONAL MARKETING AND BRANDING STRATEGIESSOCIAL CATEGORY IMPACTINVESTMENT ONLY FOR TOP EXCEPTIONAL PIECES

13 SPESSARTITE ASM Dangerous work conditionsTOURMALINE ASMDamage to the environment

14 PRINCIPLE OF CERTIFICATION FOR ETHICAL MININGBased on certification of country of originEstablishment of 3 simple criteriaDevelopment of value chainFormal and certified exportsSustainable poverty reduction and social responsibilities initiatives

18 ETHICAL GEMSTONE AND ORIGIN CERTIFICATEC OUNTRY OF ISSUANCECertifies hereby that the Gemstones consigned within the export document No have been inspected and are compliant with the Ethical Mining and Trading National commitments

21 ETHICAL TRADE AND CSR LINKAGES WITH PRODUCING COUNTRIESMODEL OF CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINDEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA OF A CASE MODEL OF ETHICAL TRADE AND MINING AND EXPORT CERTIFICATION . SMMRP / WORLD BANK PROJECTDEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA OF CASE MODELS OF CSR WITH PRIVATE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SECTOR IN PARTNERSHIP WITH NIGERIAN GOVERNMENTIMPLEMENTATION IN NIGERIA OF PROJECT LINKING ASM , POVERTY REDUCTION, CAPACITY BUILDING , TRANSPARENT AND FORMAL BUYING AND EXPORT PLATFORM . SMMRP/ WORLD BANK PROJECT