We investigate the numbers of complex zeros of Littlewood polynomials
$p(z)$ (polynomials with coefficients $\{-1, 1\}$) inside or
on the unit circle $|z|=1$, denoted by $N(p)$ and $U(p)$, respectively.
Two types of Littlewood polynomials are considered: Littlewood
polynomials with one sign change in the sequence of coefficients
and Littlewood polynomials with one negative coefficient. We
obtain explicit formulas for $N(p)$, $U(p)$ for polynomials $p(z)$
of these types. We show that, if $n+1$ is a prime number, then
for each integer $k$, $0 \leq k \leq n-1$, there exists a Littlewood
polynomial $p(z)$ of degree $n$ with $N(p)=k$ and $U(p)=0$. Furthermore,
we describe some cases when the ratios $N(p)/n$ and $U(p)/n$
have limits as $n \to \infty$ and find the corresponding limit
values.

We present a general construction of Salem numbers via rational
functions whose zeros and poles mostly lie on the unit circle and
satisfy an interlacing condition. This extends and unifies earlier
work. We then consider the ``obvious'' limit points of the set of Salem
numbers produced by our theorems and show that these are all Pisot
numbers, in support of a conjecture of Boyd. We then show that all
Pisot numbers arise in this way. Combining this with a theorem of
Boyd, we produce all Salem numbers via an interlacing construction.

This paper answers a question of Broomhead, Montaldi and Sidorov about the existence of gaskets of a particular type related to the SierpiÅski sieve. These gaskets are given by iterated function systems that do not satisfy the open set condition. We use the methods of Ngai and Wang to compute the dimension of these gaskets.

Let $q$ be an algebraic integer of degree $d \geq 2$.
Consider the rank of the multiplicative subgroup of $\BbC^*$ generated
by the conjugates of $q$.
We say $q$ is of {\em full rank} if either the rank is $d-1$ and $q$
has norm $\pm 1$, or the rank is $d$.
In this paper we study some properties of $\BbZ[q]$ where $q$ is an
algebraic integer of full rank.
The special cases of when $q$ is a Pisot number and when $q$ is a Pisot-cyclotomic number
are also studied.
There are four main results.
\begin{compactenum}[\rm(1)]
\item If $q$ is an algebraic integer of full rank and $n$ is a fixed positive
integer,
then there are only finitely many $m$ such that
$\disc\left(\BbZ[q^m]\right)=\disc\left(\BbZ[q^n]\right)$.
\item If $q$ and $r$ are algebraic integers of degree $d$ of full rank
and $\BbZ[q^n] = \BbZ[r^n]$ for
infinitely many $n$, then either $q = \omega r'$ or $q={\rm Norm}(r)^{2/d}\omega/r'$,
where
$r'$ is some conjugate of $r$ and $\omega$ is some root of unity.
\item Let $r$ be an algebraic integer of degree at most $3$.
Then there are at most $40$ Pisot numbers $q$ such that
$\BbZ[q] = \BbZ[r]$.
\item There are only finitely many Pisot-cyclotomic numbers of any fixed
order.
\end{compactenum}

An explicit formula is derived for the logarithmic Mahler measure
$m(P)$ of $P(x,y) = p(x)y - q(x)$, where $p(x)$ and $q(x)$ are
cyclotomic. This is used to find many examples of such polynomials
for which $m(P)$ is rationally related to the Dedekind zeta value
$\zeta_F (2)$ for certain quadratic and quartic fields.