Hubble Space Telescope

The Hubble Space Telescope is a space space telescope in the orbit of Earth and around the Earth, known as the astronomer and Dr. Edwin Hubble of the University of Chicago, USA. It was at the Kennedy Space Center on April 24, 1990. Successfully launched by the Space Shuttle Discovery. The Hubble Space Telescope and the Compton γ-ray Observatory, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope are all part of the NASA Large Orbital Observatory program. The Hubble Space Telescope is jointly managed by NASA and ESA.

The Hubble Space Telescope is positioned above the Earth's atmosphere, so the image is not disturbed by atmospheric turbulence, the background is excellent, there is no background light caused by atmospheric scattering, and the ultraviolet light absorbed by the ozone layer can be observed. It is in astronomical history. One of the most important instruments. The type belongs to an optical telescope. It successfully compensated for the lack of ground observations and helped astronomers solve many basic problems in astronomy, making humans more aware of astrophysics. In addition, Hubble's ultra-deep space field of view is the deepest and most sensitive space optical image currently available to astronomers.

From 1990 to April 2015, the Hubble telescope ran nearly 137,000 laps in Earth orbit, totaling 5.4 billion kilometers, performing more than 1.2 million observation missions and observing more than 38,000 celestial bodies. On average, Hubble produces 829G observations every month, which has accumulated more than 100T. On March 4, 2016, the human universe observation distance record was again refreshed by the Hubble telescope, successfully capturing the gleam of the GN-z11 galaxies that were 13.4 billion light-years from Earth. The galaxy, called GN-z11, is an exceptionally bright "baby galaxy" in the direction of the constellation Ursa. In other words, what people are observing now is what it looked like 400 million years after the Big Bang. The radiance of these galaxies came from the early days of the universe that had just formed after the Big Bang.

Early in the mission, the Hubble telescope proved that massive black holes are ubiquitous in the universe—mostly in the center of the galaxy. At the same time, astronomers, with its help, observed accurate data on the expansion of the universe, and calculated that the age of the universe was 13.8 billion years (the error did not exceed 3%). In this process, the "dark energy", a mysterious concept that frequently appears in the scientific world, is gradually becoming known. And after the "Big Bang", another very critical "surge" phase also plays a decisive role in the structure of our universe. As the main force of celestial observations, NASA hopes that the Hubble telescope will be maintained until 2018, and its successor, the James Webb Space Telescope, will be launched soon.