1525 (place)

Responding to an invitation from the governor of the Punjab to overthrow the sultan of Delhi, Afghan warlord Babur launches an invasion of India that will ultimately lead to his establishing the Mughal Empire

China's Ming Dynasty further tightens its ban on maritime travel, ordering all seagoing vessels with more than one mast to be destroyed.

Indian astronomy prodigy Ganesa, at the tender age of 17, composes a seminal book of lunar tables that will be studied by Indian astronomers for centuries.

The splintering of Martin Luther's Protestant reform movement accelerates as Luther splits with the humanists, writing The Bondage of the Will in response to the attacks of Erasmus, and continues his opposition to the ongoing Peasant Revolt by writing "Against the Murderous and Thieving Hordes of Peasants" (Luther always sided with the princes who protected him). Luther also acts upon his earlier denunciation of religious celibacy by marrying Katherine von Bora, a former nun.

Cuauhtemoc, last emperor of the Aztec Empire. Having succeeded to the throne following the death of his brother Montezuma II in 1520, his reign as a puppet ruler finally came to an end when he was hung by Cortez as a "traitor".

English nobleman Richard de la Pole, last of the Pole family of English nobles and last remaining Yorkist claimant to the English throne. He, his family, and the Yorkist house are extinguished with his death while fighting for the French in the Battle of Pavia.