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More recently, The Terminator, Short Circuit, 2001 Space Odyssey, The Matrix, Metropolis, Westworld

Take set of knowledge we give them and apply to new data Help humans discover patterns and find unknown

Provide body of knowledge for ground-truth curated representative used to compare further knowledge

Teaching Don’t learn like a typical human Only what they need to know

Consider a reverse card sorting exercise 30 participants How important is it that they all get it right every time? Consider your industry

Government safety compliance Accidents related to this tire? Financial compliance Accounts with connections to this organization? Ecommerce chat bot Women’s pants with pockets?

When carefully (or not so carefully) piled books succumb to gravity Grew up with bookalanches occurring regularly Stepfather is an oncologist – would bring home piles of articles, papers, books and more. He reads everything he can get his hands on. He never stops trying to understand and fight cancer.

Late stage of disease at diagnosis and lack of treatment

Analyzes a patient’s medical information against a vast array of data and expertise to provide evidence-based treatment options.

“Analysis of birdsong (for neuroscience or the many other fields that study this behavior) typically focuses on "syllables" or "notes", recurring elements in the song… Each individual has a unique song that bears some similarity to the song of the bird that tutored it, but is not a direct copy. To analyze song, experimenters label syllables by hand. Typically the experimenter records one bird at a time while carrying out a behavioral experiment. However, each songbird produces thousands of songs a day, more than can be labeled. In order to deal with this mountain of data, some labs have developed automated analyses.”

David Nicholson trained a classifier on syllables of one bird’s song to automate labeling of those syllables (same bird). This was not to train a classifier to distinguish the song of one bird from another.

Specialists spend more time on more complex patients

IBM’s Avicenna software highlighted possible embolisms on this CT scan in green, finding mostly the same problems as a human radiologist who marked up the image in red.

IBM Research Australia is working to help stop this ‘silent thief of sight’ by teaching Watson to detect it. After learning from 88,000 retina images, Watson can understand what a healthy eye looks like, and identify abnormalities that indicate of the onset of eye diseases like glaucoma. In the future, this early detection technology could help keep glaucoma out of sight for millions.

The EU is more inclined to create hard laws that are enforceable. The EU General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR, which will come into force in May 2018, is an excellent example. This framework creates certain transparency rights and safeguards against automated decision-making. Article 22, for example, grants individuals the right to contest a completely automated decision if it has legal or other significant effects on them. Other articles require data collectors such as advertisers to provide people with access to the collectors’ data on them, and to inform people about the general functionality of the automated system when decisions are made using that data.

The Job: To read to large rooms of factory workers slaving away at remedial tasks for hours on end. Lectors were sometimes even hired with pooled money from the factory workers themselves for their entertainment.

Who Did It: Well spoken gentlemen.

Why It Went Away: A whole smorgasbord of reasons from the radio, to the Walk-Man, iPhones, iPods, podcasts...

By Coy Jandreau - user uploaded image

AI and ML Demystified /

AI is when Machines –
Exhibit intelligence – Perceive their environment – Take actions/make decision to maximize chance of success at a goal NAO’s New Job as “Connie” the concierge at Hilton Hotels https://developer.softbankrobotics.com/us-en/showcase/nao-ibm-create-new-hilton-concierge

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 In the extreme… Google Search for “movies with AI” Copyrights as labeled.

“Most people working in AI
have a healthy skepticism for the idea of the singularity. We know how hard it is to get even a little intelligence into a machine, let alone enough to achieve recursive self- improvement.” – Toby Walsh http://www.wired.co.uk/article/elon-musk- artificial-intelligence-scaremongering

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 Cognitive computers are • Made with algorithms • Knowledgeable ONLY about what taught • Control ONLY what we give them control of • Aware of nuances and can continue to learn more

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 Cognitive computers (algorithms) can… • Do very boring work for you • Often make better, more consistent decisions than humans • Be efficient, won’t get tired Q&A: Should artificial intelligence be legally required to explain itself? By Matthew Hutson, May. 31, 2017. Interview with Sandra Wachter, data ethics researcher at Univ. of Oxford and Alan Turing Institute. http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/05/qa-should-artificial-intelligence-be-legally-required-explain-itself

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 What if we could reduce the burden? • Bring taxonomies and ontologies to life • Broaden access to evidence based medicine • More informed treatment decisions

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 Consider for each example • What intelligence does the system need? • What is the AI perceiving in their environment? • What actions are taken to maximize chance of success at goal?

“We often have no way
of knowing when and why people are biased.” - Sandra Wachter Q&A: Should artificial intelligence be legally required to explain itself? By Matthew Hutson, May. 31, 2017. Interview with Sandra Wachter, data ethics researcher at Univ. of Oxford and Alan Turing Institute. http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/05/qa-should-artificial-intelligence-be-legally-required-explain-itself

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) • Framework for transparency rights and safeguards against automated decision-making • Right to contest a completely automated decision if it has legal or other significant effects on them Q&A: Should artificial intelligence be legally required to explain itself? By Matthew Hutson, May. 31, 2017. Interview with Sandra Wachter, data ethics researcher at Univ. of Oxford and Alan Turing Institute. http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/05/qa-should-artificial-intelligence-be-legally-required-explain-itself

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 How do we evolve the practice of UX to deal with the new issues these technologies bring and the new information that is created?

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 Take Responsibility • Create a code of conduct – What do you value? – What lines won’t your AI cross? • Make your AI transparent – How was it made and what does it do? – How do you reduce bias? • Keep humans in control

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 The Job Question • Make new economies and opportunities – potentially: –Create jobs –Entire new fields • Some jobs will be lost –What can we do to mitigate this? Jobs that no longer exist The Lector http://www.ranker.com/list/jobs-that-no-longer-exist/coy-jandreau

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 Definition: Artificial Intelligence • Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence exhibited by machines. • In computer science, an ideal "intelligent" machine is a flexible rational agent that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of success at some goal.[1] Colloquially, the term "artificial intelligence" is applied when a machine mimics "cognitive" functions that humans associate with other human minds, such as "learning" and "problem solving".[2] • Capabilities currently classified as AI include successfully understanding human speech,[4] competing at a high level in strategic game systems (such as Chess and Go[5]), self-driving cars, and interpreting complex data. Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Intelligent_agents-1

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 Definition: The Singularity • If research into Strong AI produced sufficiently intelligent software, it might be able to reprogram and improve itself. The improved software would be even better at improving itself, leading to recursive self-improvement.[245] The new intelligence could thus increase exponentially and dramatically surpass humans. Science fiction writer Vernor Vinge named this scenario "singularity".[246] Technological singularity is when accelerating progress in technologies will cause a runaway effect wherein artificial intelligence will exceed human intellectual capacity and control, thus radically changing or even ending civilization. Because the capabilities of such an intelligence may be impossible to comprehend, the technological singularity is an occurrence beyond which events are unpredictable or even unfathomable.[246] • Ray Kurzweil has used Moore's law (which describes the relentless exponential improvement in digital technology) to calculate that desktop computers will have the same processing power as human brains by the year 2029, and predicts that the singularity will occur in 2045.[246] Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Intelligent_agents-1

AI and ML Demystified /
@carologic / MWUX2017 Definition: Machine Learning • Ability for system to take basic knowledge (does not mean simple or non-complex) and apply that knowledge to new data • Raises ability to discover new information. Find unknowns in data. • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning More Definitions: • Algorithm: a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem- solving operations, especially by a computer. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm • Natural Language Processing (NLP): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language_processing