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2 EXPLANATION: Subject pronouns are used as the subject of a sentence. In general, they tell who is being described or who is doing the action. English has seven subject pronouns (the six above plus it). Spanish has twelve! (It is not expressed in Spanish.) In the sentences above, the subject pronouns are used with the verb ser (to be) to tell who people are. Subject Pronouns Practice 1. Which subject pronoun would you use if you were speaking to these people: tú, usted, or ustedes? 1. la maestra de español 2. tu amigo 3. dos amigos 4. el señor López 5. los padres de tu amigo 2. Which subject pronoun would you use if you were speaking about these people: él, ella, nosotros, nosotras, ellos, or ellas? 1. Andrés 2. el señor y la señora Valdés 3. tú y yo [Jorge] 4. Elena 5. Roberto, Luis y Álvaro 3. Write the subject pronoun that replaces the name in parentheses. 1. es de España. (Lucía) 2. somos de Miami. (Carlos y yo) 3. es de Ecuador. (Marcos) 4. son de Los Ángeles. (Enrique, Pedro y Juan) 5. son de San Salvador. (Laura y María) 2

3 yo soy= nosotros/nosotras somos= tú eres= vosotros/vosotras sois= él/ella/usted es= ellos/ellas/ustedes son= EXPLANATION: The verb ser means to be. The sentences in the first section use ser to tell who people are. The sentences in the second section use ser to say where they are from. 3

4 Practice on your own! 1. Complete the conversation between José and Andrea using the correct form of ser. José: Hola! Yo José. Andrea: Hola, José! Yo soy Andrea. Él Miguel. José: Hola! De dónde ustedes? Andrea: Nosotros de Cuba. De dónde tú? José: Yo de Guatemala. 2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of ser. 1. Yo de Miami. 2. Usted de Ecuador. 3. Los estudiantes de Argentina. 4. Nosotras de Honduras. 5. Tú de Panamá. 3. Write two sentences stating who you are and where you are from. (using ser!) Write two sentences stating who your friend is and where they are from. (using ser!) 4

5 An infinitive is the basic form of a verb. In English, most infinitives include the word to. Compare the following infinitive in Spanish and English: Spanish English leer to read Infinitives have many uses. To talk about what people like to do, you simply use the infinitive after the verb gustar. gusta leer. (I like to read.) gusta leer. (We like to read.) gusta leer. (You like to read.) gusta leer. (You like to read.) gusta leer. (He/She/You likes to read.) gusta leer. (They/You like to read.) EXPLANATION: If you wonder why there are no subject pronouns (yo, tú, él, ella, usted, etc.) in the above sentences, it is because gustar literally means to be pleasing. When you say Me gusta leer, you are really saying, To read is pleasing to me. To get the sentence correct in Spanish, you need to first rephrase the English sentence. Here s how it works: 1. Match each English phrase with the corresponding Spanish phrase. 1. I like... Les gusta They like... Nos gusta He likes... Me gusta We like... Te gusta You like... Te gusta... 5

6 I like to read. To me it is pleasing to read. You like to read. To you it is pleasing to read. He likes to read. To him it is pleasing to read. We like to read. To us it is pleasing to read. You like to read. To you it is pleasing to read. They like to read. To them it is pleasing to read. 2. You can also use gustar with objects. Translate these sentences for practice! I like Spanish class. You like pizza and cheese. My dad and I like candy. 3. Write what these people like and don t like to do. Write the correct form of gustar to complete each sentence. Remember to add pronouns in your answers. 1. A Julio dibujar después de las clases. 2. A usted no correr antes de las clases. 3. A ti mirar la televisión los domingos. 4. A Corina y a Luis hablar por teléfono. 5. A nosotros no trabajar los sábados. 6

7 4. Who likes what? Choose the correct English sentence. 1. Le gusta comer. 4. Nos gusta leer. a. I like to eat. a. We like to read. b. We like to eat. b. They like to read. c. He likes to eat. c. You like to read. 2. Me gusta montar en bicicleta. a. He likes to ride a bicycle. b. I like to ride a bicycle. c. She likes to ride a bicycle. 3. Te gusta jugar al fútbol. a. We like to play soccer. b. He likes to play soccer. c. You like to play soccer. 5. Les gusta estudiar. a. We like to study. b. He likes to study. c. They like to study. 6. Le gusta beber agua. a. He likes to drink water. b. They like to drink water. c. I like to drink water. 5. Choose one of the phrases to complete the sentences in Spanish. Les gusta Me gusta Le gusta Nos gusta Te gusta 1. She likes to watch television. mirar la television. 2. We like to run. correr. 3. You like to rest. descansar. 4. I like to do homework. hacer la tarea. 5. They like to play soccer. jugar al fútbol. 6. He likes to drink water. beber agua. 7

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