Objective: To assess fecundity of infertile women after surgical correction of uterine septum.
Design: Prospective controlled trial.
Setting: Three academic infertility clinics.
Patient(s): Forty-four women affected by septate uterus and otherwise unexplained infertility represented the
study group (group A), and 132 women with unexplained infertility were enrolled as control subjects (group B).
Intervention(s): Hysteroscopic metroplasty was performed in group A, and group B was managed expectantly. All
women were followed-up for 1 year without any other intervention.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Fecundity rate was calculated as the number of pregnancies per 100 person-months
Result(s): Pregnancy rate (38.6% vs. 20.4%) and live birth rate (34.1% and 18.9%) were significantly higher in
group A than in group B. The survival analysis showed that the probability of a pregnancy in the twelve-months
follow up was significantly higher in patients who had undergone metroplasty than in women with unexplained
infertility. The corresponding fecundity (10-week pregnancy) rates were 4.27 and 1.92 person-months in women
who had undergone metroplasty and in women with unexplained infertility, respectively.
Conclusion(s): Hysteroscopic resection of the septum improves fecundity of women with septate uterus and otherwise
unexplained infertility. Patients with septate uterus and no other cause of sterility have a significantly higher
probability of conceiving after removal of the septum than patients affected by idiopathic sterility. (Fertil Steril*
2009;91:2628–31. *2009 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.)

Objective: To assess fecundity of infertile women after surgical correction of uterine septum.
Design: Prospective controlled trial.
Setting: Three academic infertility clinics.
Patient(s): Forty-four women affected by septate uterus and otherwise unexplained infertility represented the
study group (group A), and 132 women with unexplained infertility were enrolled as control subjects (group B).
Intervention(s): Hysteroscopic metroplasty was performed in group A, and group B was managed expectantly. All
women were followed-up for 1 year without any other intervention.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Fecundity rate was calculated as the number of pregnancies per 100 person-months
Result(s): Pregnancy rate (38.6% vs. 20.4%) and live birth rate (34.1% and 18.9%) were significantly higher in
group A than in group B. The survival analysis showed that the probability of a pregnancy in the twelve-months
follow up was significantly higher in patients who had undergone metroplasty than in women with unexplained
infertility. The corresponding fecundity (10-week pregnancy) rates were 4.27 and 1.92 person-months in women
who had undergone metroplasty and in women with unexplained infertility, respectively.
Conclusion(s): Hysteroscopic resection of the septum improves fecundity of women with septate uterus and otherwise
unexplained infertility. Patients with septate uterus and no other cause of sterility have a significantly higher
probability of conceiving after removal of the septum than patients affected by idiopathic sterility. (Fertil Steril*
2009;91:2628–31. *2009 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.)