Manuscripts submitted to the Research & Reviews in Bioscience should be Review articles, Research articles, Full Papers, etc...

1.Review: Review introduces the reader to a particular area of an author’s research through a concise overview of a selected topic. The content should balance scope with depth, it should be a focused review of 9-10 journal pages.

2.Full Paper: Full Paper must feature novel previously unpublished material or represent full ac-counts of findings published earlier in preliminary form. Full Paper may include final original results obtained experimentally, descriptions of new experimental methods.

3. REDUNDANT OR DUPLICATE PUBLICATION

The Editorial Board of Research & Reviews in Bioscience takes under consideration for publication original articles with the understanding that neither the manuscript nor any part of its essential substance, tables or figures have been published previously in print form or electronically and are not under consideration by any other publication or electronic medium.

Each submitted article should include the statement by the first author that the work has not been published previously or submitted elsewhere for review and a copyright transfer.

If a case of plagiarism occurs in Research & Reviews in Bioscience, a determination of misconduct will lead the Research & Reviews in Bioscience to exclude the article from the submission process or, if the article was already published, to exclude from the publication, and the authors will be accountable for the plagiarism.

4.SUBMISSION DECLARATION

Each submitted article should include the statement by the first author that the work has not been published previously or submitted elsewhere for review and a copyright transfer.

5. DISCLAIMER

Every effort is made by the Editorial Board of Research & Reviews in Bioscience to see that no inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or statement appear in Research & Reviews in Bioscience. However, they wish to make it clear that the data and opinions appearing in the articles and advertisements herein are the responsibility of the contributor, sponsor or advertiser concerned. Accordingly, Editorial Board accept no liability whatsoever for the consequences of any such inaccurate of misleading data, opinion or statement. Every effort is made to ensure that drug doses and other quantities are presented accurately. Nevertheless, readers are advised that methods and techniques involving drug usage and other treatments described in Research & Reviews in Bioscience, should only be followed in conjunction with the drug or treatment manufacturer's own published literature in the readers own country.

6. PUBLICATION ETHICS

Financial or personal relationships that inappropriately influence his or her actions. These relationships vary from those with negligible potential to those with great potential to influence judgment, and not all relationships represent true conflict of interest. The potential for conflict of interest can exist whether or not an individual believes that the relationship affects his or her scientific judgment. Financial relationships are the most easily identifiable conflicts of interest and the most likely to undermine the credibility of the journal, the authors, and of science itself.

7. PERMISSIONS TO REPRODUCE PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED MATERIAL

Authors should include with their submission, copies of written permission to reproduce material published elsewhere (such as illustrations) from the copyright holder. Authors are responsible for paying any fees to reproduce material.

8. CONFLICT OF INTEREST

Public trust in the peer review process and the credibility of published articles depend in part on how well conflict of interest is handled during writing, peer review, and editorial decision making.

Research & Reviews in Bioscience is a peer-review Journal, so all papers are evaluated by this system. If the paper follows the scope of the Journal, it will be sent to two or three independent reviewers, selected by the editors.

Timing

The review process will ordinarily require two weeks.

Peer review policy

All submitted manuscripts are read by the editorial staff. To save time for authors and peer-reviewers, only those papers that seem most likely to meet our editorial criteria are sent for formal review. Those papers judged by the editors to be of insufficient general interest or otherwise inappropriate are rejected promptly without external.

Manuscripts judged to be of potential interest to our readership are sent for formal review, typically to two or three reviewers. The editors then make a decision based on the reviewers’ advice, from among several possibilities:

Accept, with minor corrections;

Invite the authors to revise their manuscript to address specific concerns before a final decision is reached;

Reject, but indicate to the authors that further work might justify a resubmission;

All the listed authors have to agree on all contents and they are responsible for all informations included in the text.

The corresponding author is responsible for all communications between the Journal and all coauthors, before and after publication.

The corresponding author has to make a statement confirming that the content of the manuscript represents the views of the coauthors, that neither the corresponding author nor the coauthors have submitted duplicate or overlapping manuscripts elsewhere, and that the items indicated as personal communications in the text are supported by the referenced person.

Any changes to the author list after submission, such as a change in the order of the authors, or the deletion or addition of authors, need to be approved by every author.

The authors warrant that the manuscript is original and contains no matter which is defamatory or is otherwise unlawful or which invades individual privacy or infringes any proprietary right or any statutory copyright.

10. SUBMISSION OF CONTRIBUTIONS

Corresponding author or designee must be

able to provide manuscript as complete word-processor and PDF files including text, tables, graphics for online submission. Any help regarding online submission will provide at [email protected]

An author has to provide following items during submission:

A.Manuscript: The author should submit complete manuscript including text, tables, graphics in both wordprocessor and PDF files.

When authors cite unpublished information of other researchers who are not co-authors, copies of letters or email message of permission should be attached. A manuscript containing copyrighted information must be accompanied by copyright holder permission to reproduce it, no need when information is from Trade Science Inc journal.

B.Cover Letter: A cover letter must be uploaded with every manuscript in PDF format at the same as manuscript uploaded. The cover letter should contain,

b.The title of the manuscript and a brief paragraph explaining significance of the work.

c.Type of manuscript.

d.Statement and particular submitted manuscript must be original and unpublished (including in conference proceeding in electronic conferences or on web sites) and must not be under simultaneous consideration by another journal.

e.The names, institutional affiliations, and postal and email addresses of 5 or more qualified reviewers. When authors cite unpublished information of other researchers who are not co-authors, copies of letters or email message of permission should be attached. A manuscript containing copyrighted information must be accompanied by copyright holder permission to reproduce it, no need when information is from TSI journal.

C.Supplementary Information: Supplementary Information files are uploaded at the same time as the manuscript. Instructions of preparation of Supplementary Information are discussed in PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPT AND SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION.

11. COPYRIGHT TRANSFER AGREEMENT

A properly completed and signed Copyright Transfer Agreement must be provided for each submitted manuscript. The CTA form with the assigned manuscript number will be provided to corresponding author by Editorial Office.

i.Title : The title should be accurately, clearly and grammatically correct and concisely reflect emphasis and content of the manuscript. The wording of the title is important for correct awareness alerting and for information retrieval. Words should be chosen carefully to provide information on the content and to function as indenting terms. Abbreviations should be avoided.

ii.Authors and Addresses: Authors. names include all those who have made substantial contributions to the works even in the manuscript was actually written by only one person use first name, middle name and surnames. At least one author must be designated with on asterisk (*) as the author to whom correspondences should be addressed. The names and addresses of the institution(s) where the work was performed should be listed in the following paragraph.If this is different from the present address, this should be noted in footnote.

iii.Corresponding Author’s E-mail Address: The email address of the corresponding author should be placed on a separate line below the institution addresses.

iv.Abbreviations: Define abbreviations that are not standard in this field in a footnote to be placed on the first page of the article. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the abstract must be defined at their first mention there, as well as in the footnote. Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the article.

v.Abstract: Abstract is used directly for abstraction in various abstraction services. This should state concisely the scope of the work and the principal findings no more than 200 words.

vi.Keywords: 5-6 keywords should be provided directly below the abstract.

vii.Introduction: The introduction should be placed the work in the appropriate context and clearly state the purpose and objectives of the research. An extensive review of prior work is not appropriate and documentation of the relevant background literature should be selective rather than exhaustive particularly if reviews can be cited.

viii.Materials & Methods: Provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described.

ix.Units: Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). If other quantities are mentioned, give their equivalent in SI.

x.Theory/calculation: A Theory section should extend, not repeat, the background to the article already deal with in the Introduction and lay the foundation for further work. In contrast, a Calculation section represents a practical development from a theoretical basis.

xi.Appendices: If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate numbering: Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and so on.

xii.Math formulae: Present simple formulae in the line of normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).

xiii.Tables: The use of tables is encouraged to present data in a space-efficient manner. Tables must be inserted in the manuscript word-processor file near their first mention in the text. They should be created with the word processor’s table formatting feature. Each data entry should be placed within its own table cell; tabs and line returns should not be used within cells. Arrangements that leave many columns only partially filled should be avoided.

Footnotes within tables should be given lowercase italic letter designations and should be cited in the table with lowercase italic superscripted letters. The sequence of letters should proceed by row, and form left to right within any rows having more than one footnote. If a reference is cited both in the text and in a table, the letteral footnote in the table should cite the text reference’s number. Above each table should be typed in bold face characters, a sequential Arabic table number and short descriptive title. A table that contains one or more graphics is considered a single graphic for journal production. The table number title and any footnotes should not be included in the graphic but should be typed in the manuscript text file.

xiv.Graphics: All graphics (illustrations) must be prepared in digital format and inserted into the manuscript word processor file near their first mention in the text. Graphics intended to appear in black and white or grayscale should not be submitted in colour. When areas in a graphic created with a graphics program need to be shaded or filled in parallel lines or crosshatching, rather than gray shading, should be used whenever possible to allow the graphic to be processed as line art rather than as grayscale art. The editors encourage the use of colour in manuscript graphics when it is important for clarity of presentation.

The quality of the graphics published in the journal depends on the quality of the graphic images provided by authors. Digital graphics should have minimum resolution. Black and white line art 1200dpi Grayscale art 600dpiColour art 300dpi For uniformity of appearance, all the graphics of the same type should share a common graphic style and font. Drawings are made with standard drawing programme-most preferable advanced version of ChemDraw. Drawings made with CorelDraw 13. For scanned halftone figures a resolution of 300 dpi is sufficient. Scanned figures compressed with JPEG usually give no problems.

xv.Results & Discussion: The presentation of experimental detail in the Results & Discussion section should be kept to minimum. Reiteration of information that is made obvious in tables, figures, or reaction schemes should be avoided.

xvi.Conclusions: If an optional conclusion section is used, its content should not substantially duplicate the abstract.

xvii.Acknowledgement: This section may be used to acknowledge helpful discussion with colleagues, technical assistance, gifts of starting material or reference samples.

xiii. References and Footnotes: Authors should be judicious in citing the literature; unnecessarily long list of references should be avoided. Any articles, communications, letters, patents, theses, and conference abstracts in which portions of the reported work have been previously disclosed must be cited long footnotes should be avoided; additional data and peripheral discussion should be placed in the Supplementary Information rather than in footnotes. All the references and footnotes must be placed together in a list at the end of the manuscript text. They should be numbered with Arabic numerals in the order of the first citation in the text, and the corresponding numbers inserted at the appropriate locations in the text as superscripted numerals with square brackets. It is crucial that authors verify their accuracy. Authors should consult a recent issue of the journal or ask editorial help.

Website In parentheses, show the date, the site was last accessedthe date you checked to make sure the site was still onlineand the URL, seprated by a semicolon. Do not use ending punctuation.

xix Supplementary Information

Material that is not needed for reading the papers but which should be available to document experiments or calculations for future researchers should be put into ‘Supplementary Information’.

14. PROOFS

Proofs will be sent electronically. Only typographic corrections and other minor changes may be made in a galley proof. Any substantive changes will require editorial approval and may delay publication.