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Closer view of the volcaniclastic sediments that comprise Black Point Volcano in California. The clasts of granite show that the volcano erupted through regions of granite bedrock or at least beds of alluviam. The horizonta nature and strong layering of these deposits indicate dispersal of tephra by water before deopos...

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Wide view of volcaniclasics from one of the underwater eruptions that formed Black Point volcano about 13,000 years ago. The horizontal nature of the beds, rather than dipping away from a central vent, indicate dispersal of the tephra by water before deposition. The strong layering and relatively well sorted nature of...

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Black Point Volcano lies on the northern shore of Mono Lake. In the middle of the lake are the two islands: the dark Negit Island composed of a dark dacite, and the light Paoha Island composed of recently uplifted lake sediments and some volcanics. The Mono Domes, including Panum Crater, are on the far right. Ancient s...

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This is a fissure developed on the top of Black Point Volcano on the shores of Mono Lake, California. The walls of the fissure reveal near horizontally bedded layers of basaltic tephra. The gentle layering observed and all around Black Point Volcano support the notion that the tephra layers were deposited underwater. R...

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This is a northeast view over Lake El Estero from near the intersection of Fremont St and Camino el Estero in the city of Monterey, California.The dark granitic blocks with the polished tops are part of a large sculpture that parallels the shore of the lagoon in this area. The lagoon itself is a former small estuary th...

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The Monterey formation is a a suite of sediments that includes diatomaceous mudstone, chert, and phospatic members. It is Miocene in age, ranging from 7 to 14 million years old. This view shows a diatomaceous mudstone. Beds and laminations are visible at all scales.

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The Pinnacles National Monument is located in the Gabilan Range between the Salinas and San Benito Valleys in central California. The rock visible here is volcanic breccia that was eroded from siliceous volcanoes that erupted about 22-23 million years ago. Similar siliceous volcanic rocks occur at Neenach California, a...

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The Pinnacles National Monument is located in the Gabilan Range between the Salinas and San Benito Valleys in central California. The rock visible here is volcanic breccia that was eroded from siliceous volcanoes that erupted about 22-23 million years ago. Similar siliceous volcanic rocks occur at Neenach California, a...