Children in foster care have the highest rates of chronic conditions of any child population.1 While the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being remains the gold standard for data on special health care needs (SCHNs) of children in foster care, the data do not permit comparisons between children in foster care and other types of care.2 We address this gap by describing current rates of SHCNs and specific mental health and developmental conditions for children across a range of caregiving circumstances.