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About Pediatric Ophthalmology

This information is intended for general information only and should not be considered as medical advice on the part of Health-Tourism.com. Any decision on medical treatments, after-care or recovery should be done solely upon proper consultation and advice of a qualified physician.

What is pediatric ophthalmology?

This is a sub-specialty of medicine that deals with diseases of the eye, vision care and visual development in infants, children, and adolescents.

Why see a pediatric ophthalmologist?

In addition to the medical expertise needed to treat eye disease and disorders in children, pediatric ophthalmologists have further training in examining children. They also have the most knowledge of possible conditions that affect children.

They focus on the visual system’s development and a range of diseases that affect visual development in children. Pediatric ophthalmologists can perform complex surgical procedures of the eye. In other cases, they manage eye problems in children using medications and glasses.

Training

Pediatric ophthalmologists are medical doctors who have completed 4 years of medical school, 1 year of internship, a 3-year residency program and at least 1-year fellowship in pediatric ophthalmology.

Conditions treated

Infections: Such as conjunctivitis

Strabismus: This is a misalignment of the eyes which is commonly known as crossed eyes because of the inward turning gaze. It is often associated with amblyopia. Strabismus also applies to other misalignments such as downward, upward or outward turning eye.

Amblyopia: This is when the vision in one eye is considerably better than the other eye. Amblyopia is also called a lazy eye.

Refractive errors: These include nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia) and astigmatism.

Genetic disorders

Retinopathy of prematurity

Blocked tear ducts

nystagmus

Ptosis

Pediatric cataracts

Visual inattention

Abnormal vision development

Pediatric glaucoma

Congenital malformations

Orbital tumors

Accommodative insufficiency

Preferred head postures also referred to as torticollis

Asthenopia and convergence insufficiency

Evaluation of visual issues in education such as attention deficit disorder and dyslexia

Examinations done by pediatric ophthalmologists

Vision assessment: Different methods are used by pediatric ophthalmologists to test a child’s eyesight. The age is what determines which test will be used to assess vision.

Motility examination: This test is required for effective planning of medical and surgical management of strabismus. It uses quantitative measurements of ocular misalignment.

Determination of refractive error: This test is done after dilation to determine an objective measurement. It determines if there is a need for glasses and if so how strong they need to be.

Biomicroscopy and dilated fundus examinations: This investigates the presence of eye diseases related to systemic diseases such as neurologic pathology, diabetes, genetic abnormalities, glaucoma, and cataracts.

Examination under anesthesia (EUA): This is used to diagnose and treat children who are unable to get adequate examination or treatment in the doctor’s office.

Treatments provided by pediatric ophthalmologists include:

Medical treatments: these include medicines such as antibiotics, antiviral and steroids.

Prescriptions for glasses

Prescription for contact lenses.

Amblyopia therapy

Occlusion therapy: This involves using techniques which encourage the brain to pay attention to the weaker eye. It also corrects significant refractive errors.

Patching

Topical therapy

Systemic therapy

Surgical Procedures: These include excision of chalazia, probe, as well as irrigation for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction also referred to as blocked tear duct, eye muscle surgery for strabismus and pediatric cataract extraction including the use of intraocular lenses.nts.