As we know there are 26 alphabets in English from which 5 are vowels, rest are consonants. The concept is very simple. If entered character matches any of the small or capital letter 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u' ,'A', 'E', 'I', 'O', 'U' then it is vowel else consonant. In technical term if character matches any of the switch expression defined in the switch body in the form of cases the the control is transferred to that block otherwise to the default case.

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