Lower House
A LOWER HOUSE is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature , the
other chamber being the upper house . Inside the Australian
House of Representatives Despite its official position "below" the upper house, in many
legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power.
A legislature composed of only one house is described as unicameral
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Upper House
An UPPER HOUSE, sometimes called a senate , is one of two chambers of
a bicameral legislature (or one of three chambers of a tricameral
legislature ), the other chamber being the lower house . The house
formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often
has more restricted power than the lower house. Examples of upper
houses in countries include the United Kingdom's
House of LordsHouse of Lords ,
India's
Rajya Sabha , Russia's
Federation Council , Ireland's
SeanadSeanad ,
Malaysia's
Dewan Negara , Germany's Bundesrat and the United States
SenateSenate[...More...]

Ethnic Groups
An ETHNIC GROUP, or an ETHNICITY, is a category of people who
identify with each other based on similarities such as common ancestry
, language , society , culture or nation . Ethnicity is usually an
inherited status based on the society in which one lives. Membership
of an ethnic group tends to be defined by a shared cultural heritage ,
ancestry , origin myth , history , homeland , language or dialect ,
symbolic systems such as religion , mythology and ritual , cuisine ,
dressing style, art , and physical appearance . Ethnic groups, derived from the same historical founder population ,
often continue to speak related languages and share a similar gene
pool . By way of language shift , acculturation , adoption and
religious conversion , it is sometimes possible for individuals or
groups to leave one ethnic group and become part of another (except
for ethnic groups emphasizing racial purity as a key membership
criterion)
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Constitutional Monarchy
A CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY is a form of monarchy in which the
sovereign exercises their authorities in accordance with a written or
unwritten constitution .
Constitutional monarchyConstitutional monarchy differs from
absolute monarchy (in which a monarch holds absolute power), in that
constitutional monarchs are bound to exercise their powers and
authorities within the limits prescribed within an established legal
framework. Constitutional monarchies range from countries such as
MoroccoMorocco , where the constitution grants substantial discretionary
powers to the sovereign, to countries such as
SwedenSweden or
DenmarkDenmark where
the monarch retains very few formal authorities. A constitutional monarchy may refer to a system in which the monarch
acts as a non-party political head of state under the constitution ,
whether written or unwritten
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Unitary State
A UNITARY STATE is a state governed as a single power in which the
central government is ultimately supreme and any administrative
divisions (sub-national units) exercise only the powers that the
central government chooses to delegate. The majority of states in the
world have a unitary system of government. Of the 193 UN member states
, 165 are governed as unitary states. In a unitary state, sub-national units are created and abolished (an
example being the 22 mainland regions of
FranceFrance being merged into 13),
and their powers may be broadened and narrowed, by the central
government. Although political power may be delegated through
devolution to local governments by statute , the central government
remains supreme; it may abrogate the acts of devolved governments or
curtail their powers
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Ulster Scots Dialects
ULSTER SCOTS or ULSTER-SCOTS (Ulstèr-Scotch), also known as
ULLANS, is the
Scots languageScots language as spoken in parts of
UlsterUlster in Ireland
. It is generally considered a dialect or group of dialects of
Scots, although groups such as the Ulster-Scots Language Society and
Ulster-Scots Academy consider it a language in its own right, and the
Ulster-Scots Agency and former Department of Culture, Arts and
Leisure have used the terminology ULSTER-SCOTS LANGUAGE. Some definitions of
UlsterUlster Scots may also include Standard English
spoken with an
UlsterUlster Scots accent. This is a situation like that of
Lowland Scots and Scottish
Standard English with words pronounced
using the
UlsterUlster Scots phonemes closest to those of Standard English
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Parliamentary System
A PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM is a system of democratic governance of a
state where the executive branch derives its democratic legitimacy
from its ability to command the confidence of the legislative branch,
typically a parliament , and is also held accountable to that
parliament. In a parliamentary system, the head of state is usually a
different person from the head of government . This is in contrast to
a presidential system , where the head of state often is also the head
of government and, most importantly, the executive branch does not
derive its democratic legitimacy from the legislature
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Demonym
A DEMONYM (/ˈdɛmənɪm/ ; δῆμος dẽmos "people, tribe",
ὄόνομα ónoma "name") is a word that identifies residents or
natives of a particular place, which is derived from the name of that
particular place. It is a neologism (i.e., a recently minted term); previously GENTILIC
was recorded in English dictionaries, e.g., the
OxfordOxford English
Dictionary and Chambers Twentieth Century Dictionary. Examples of demonyms include a Swahili for a person of the Swahili
coast , the colloquial Kiwi for a person from
New ZealandNew Zealand , and a
Cochabambino for a person from the city of
CochabambaCochabamba . Demonyms do not always clearly distinguish place of origin or
ethnicity from place of residence or citizenship, and many demonyms
overlap with the ethnonym for the ethnically dominant group of a
region
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