A publicity still of Judy Garland from MGM film The Harvey Girls (1946). (Source: Wikimedia Commons)

The incomparable Judy Garland was born Frances Ethel Gumm on June 10, 1922 in Grand Rapids, Minnesota. Her parents, Ethel and Frank Gumm, were former vaudeville actors, so it’s no surprise that Judy’s stage career got started when she was very young. In 1926 the Gumms relocated to California where she and her two older sisters, Susie and Jimmie, took lessons in acting and dancing and Ethel served as manager and agent for her daughters. When Judy was just 6, the girls began performing vaudeville acts under the name “The Gumm Sisters.” Judy stood out as Baby Gumm and audiences were very impressed with this small child’s phenomenal voice. Though her acting career was extraordinary, Judy Garland will always be remembered for her gifted singing abilities.

According to Gerald Frank’s biography Judy, the Gumm Sisters became the Garland Sisters in 1934 when George Jessel, the master of ceremonies at a performance in Chicago, suggested that their name was better suited to a comedy act. The inspiration behind the Garland name came from Jessel’s friend Robert Garland who, at the time, was the theater critic for New York’s World Telegram. The name had a nice to ring to it and, as we now know, it stuck. Eventually, “Baby” shed her adolescent nickname as well and took on the decidedly more mature “Judy.”

The following year, Judy’s life began to change in some very big ways. She first became a solo act and then signed a big studio contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer at age 13. The contract was offered without a screen test, which was unheard of at the time. It was a lucrative contract, starting at $100 a week and increasing to $1000 a week by Judy’s 20th birthday. Because she was a minor, MGM was also responsible for Judy’s education until she turned 18.

Several weeks after signing her MGM contract, Judy suffered her first great loss when her father passed away from spinal meningitis. Despite this family tragedy, Judy’s film career began to blossom. Some of her earliest roles were opposite Mickey Rooney. Audiences loved the pair and they went on to star in several films together, including Love Finds Andy Hardy, Babes in Arms and Strike Up the Band. In a 1992 documentary miniseries, MGM: When the Lion Roars, Mickey described his relationship with his beloved costar:

“Judy and I were so close we could’ve come from the same womb. We weren’t like brothers or sisters but there was no love affair there; there was more than a love affair. It’s very, very difficult to explain the depths of our love for each other. It was so special. It was a forever love. Judy, as we speak, has not passed away. She’s always with me in every heartbeat of my body.”

At fifteen years old, Judy Garland was given the iconic role that would make her a household name – Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz. She had been at MGM for two and a half years and made six movies before playing Dorothy in 1939. Shirley Temple was originally considered for the role; at that time Shirley was a more established actress, and would have provided box office insurance for the big budget film. However, it was ultimately Judy’s angelic voice that won over studio executives. Her performance earned her an honorary Academy Juvenile Award at the 1940 Academy Awards ceremony. To this day, Judy is most remembered for her role in The Wizard of Oz.

On September 25, 1940, Judy’s new contract with MGM was filed in Superior Court, raising her to $2,000 per week. Though she was considered one of MGM’s biggest stars and was paid accordingly, the difficulties of the film industry took their toll on Judy. At a young age, the MGM studio system put her through an array of cosmetic “improvements,” capping her teeth, restructuring her nose, corseting her waist and pressuring her to be thin. She went through several failed marriages and often turned to drugs in order to keep her weight down and her energy level up. Despite these challenges, Judy was able to successfully rebuild her career more than once. After being dropped from her contract at MGM in 1950, she once again found her place in front of an audience when she starred in her own Broadway show. She eventually returned to the big screen and was honored with two more Academy Award nominations, one for A Star is Born (1954) and another for her supporting role in Judgment at Nuremberg (1962).

On June 22, 1969, at the young age of 47, Judy Garland passed away from an accidental overdose. She left behind three children from previous marriages. Her two daughters, Liza Minnelli and Lorna Luft, are both successful singers and actresses in their own right. Though it has been over 40 years since she passed, Judy Garland is still regarded as one of the greatest performers of all time.

In honor of Judy’s birthday, I was inspired to make a recipe that she might have enjoyed during her lifetime. I found one in my copy of What Actor’s Eat When They Eat! by Rex Lease and Kenneth Harlan. This cookbook was published in 1939, the same year The Wizard of Oz premiered, which means Judy would have only been 16 or 17 at the time. The recipe is for a lovely vegetable salad topped with homemade French dressing, perfect for a light summer meal or side. Here is Judy’s page in the cookbook, which includes a short bio. According to the introduction, her early ambition in life was to be an attorney. I can’t help but wonder if Judy’s life would have been easier had she taken this route, without the constant pressures of the studio system. Selfishly, I feel lucky that she didn’t become an attorney— what beautiful performances we would have missed out on!

Of this recipe, Judy says:

“I like nice, crispy vegetable salad. But I didn’t always like it. Then one day my mother discovered just the right combination, just the right dressing and now it is my favorite type of food. It is so easy to make that, if mother doesn’t happen to be around, I go out in the kitchen and whip it up by myself. Oh, I almost forget something important. That is to mix the salad and the dressing together with your hands. It makes a big difference because when you use a wooden fork and spoon for mixing you just can’t feel where the dressing misses touching some of the salad, and that is very important. When your hands are nice and clean, it doesn’t make any difference anyway. Here it is. Now be sure to try it, especially if you think you don’t care for vegetable salads. This one is different, honest!”

I enjoyed the salad, which has lots of crisp fresh vegetables and several layers of flavor. I’ve written out a more specific recipe below (Judy’s is somewhat vague with regards to ingredient amounts). I tweaked a few things here and there for flavor; my changes are clearly noted in the recipe, so you can stick to the original if you prefer. I’m not a huge fan of peppery watercress, but it is quite healthy. If you like peppery greens, feel free to add more to the mix.

Directions

Combine salad ingredients in a bowl.

Whisk together dressing ingredients, or shake them in a clean bottle. Let rest for 5 minutes.

Whisk or shake again, let rest for 5 minutes.

Whisk or shake again, then pour over the salad. This makes a lot of dressing—you may wish to start by adding half to the salad, then add more to taste after tossing, to avoid “drowning” the salad in dressing.

Use clean hands to toss the salad ingredients with the dressing, making sure all ingredients are evenly coated with dressing. Serve.

Tips/Techniques

You will also need: large salad bowl, whisk and small bowl or clean dressing bottle

Research Sources

Frank, Gerold (1999). Judy. Da Capo Press, U.S.

Harmetz, Aljean (1998). The Making of The Wizard of Oz. Hyperion, U.S.

Meet the Author

Tori Avey is a food writer, recipe developer, and the creator of ToriAvey.com. She explores the story behind the food – why we eat what we eat, how the foods of different cultures have evolved, and how yesterday’s food can inspire us in the kitchen today. Tori’s food writing and photography have appeared on the websites of CNN, Bon Appetit, Zabar’s, Williams-Sonoma, Yahoo Shine, LA Weekly and The Huffington Post. Follow Tori on Facebook: Tori Avey, Twitter: @toriavey, or Google+.

I have heard this version as well -- That musicians finishing at 3-4am went to all night diners as menus were changing and wanted something hearty and dinner like such as Fried Chicken and Something light and sweet - i.e. waffles and syrup and such the marriage was made --- Now me -- I like chicken and waffles with sausage gravy!

This is a fantastic bake - thank you Beca! We have done roughly 10 bakes from recipes from this show and this was the best. We followed everything almost exactly to recipe and it tastes great. A few notes- don't boil the syrup too long - we did so the first time through, then found that it sets really quickly in the pan and will even set before being ab

One of the greatest salads of all time. I prefer the classic buttery croutons on top rather than a croissant on the bottom. But THEE most decadent version was served to me years ago at the Claremont Hotel in Oakland, CA. The waiter grated fresh, black truffles generously over the top just before bringing it to the table. Oh, the aroma wafting from that plate

It is the same thing as Jello. In England it comes in a thick jelly bar that you melt in hot water. In the US it is powder but its the same thing. Just use 1/3 the water because you need it to be really firm.

The quantities are too small in this recipe. I doubled the sponge recipe and got only 16 jaffa cakes using one tablespoon of batter for each one. You can use a muffin tin. Just put one tablespoon of the batter in a buttered muffin tin. Each Jaffa cake is tiny to the American eye but that is what they are supposed to be like. Also Americans can use regular Or