Escherichia coli is a facultative anaerobic Gamma-proteobacterium, which belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae. While being an important constituent of the normal gut microbiota, specialized E. coli clones have acquired genetic elements that allow them to compete with the endogenous commensals, colonise normally sterile niches and cause disease. E. coli pathotypes can cause intestinal and extra intestinal infections (e.g. UTI, sepsis) and associate with mammalian cells while being extra- or intra-cellular. In recent years, E. coli infections have become a serious clinical problem, due to the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance.
Thus, infections with intestinal E. coli (e.g. E. coli O104) or extraintestinal pathogenic strains (e.g. E. coli ST131) are becoming difficult to treat and are often lethal. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop alternative control measures, including the identification of new drug targets and development of vaccines that offer lasting protection.

This volume focuses on several types of E. coli infections (intestinal and extraintestinal), virulence factors, and E. coli pandemics. It addresses the problem of antibiotic resistance, and a dedicated chapter discusses the need to develop alternative control measures. Given its depth and breadth of coverage, the book will benefit all those interested in the biology, genetics, physiology and pathogenesis of E. coli, and in related vaccine development.

Pathology, USMLEComments Off on Fundamentals of Pathology Pathoma PDF 2017

Dec072018

Fundamentals of Pathology Pathoma PDF 2017 or just Pathoma is the most popular pathology review book among medical students in the United States and all around the world. According to the author of Pathoma, Husain A.Sattar, MD, this book is basically intended to serve as a review for medical students studying in their preclinical years and preparing for competitive board licensing exams such as the USMLE. This book has been organized keeping in view the major textbooks of pathology and pathophysiology courses and so it is completely well-versed to the syllabus prescribed by medical schools throughout the United States.

From the Back Cover

A FULLY ILLUSTRATED DIAGNOSTIC AID FOR

DERMATOLOGISTS AND PATHOLOGISTS AT ALL LEVELS

Differential diagnosis is at its most accurate and efficient when clinical presentation and histopathological features are considered in correlation with one another. With this being so, the expert team behind this atlas has integrated both perspectives to create an innovative and essential resource for all those involved with the diagnosis of tumors, cysts, and nevi. Hundreds of full-color images clearly illustrate common patterns and variants of tumorous lesions of the skin and are helpfully contextualized by concise, straightforward descriptions of key features and diagnostic clues.

Whether in training or in practice, dermatologists and pathologists of all levels will find this an insightful and practically applicable addition to their bookshelf. Its far-reaching and easy-to-navigate coverage of relevant diseases of the skin provides trainees with an excellent grounding in the area, while practicing specialists may benefit from its use as a tool for the differential diagnoses of borderline cases. As with the authors’ previous work on inflammatory dermatoses, Atlas of Dermatopathology: Practical Differential Diagnosis by Clinicopathologic Pattern, this important text:

Atlas of Dermatopathology: Tumors, Nevi, and Cysts offers a uniquely balanced, clear, and comprehensive guide to what can be a difficult process, and will be of tremendous assistance to students, dermatologists, dermatopathologists, and pathologists everywhere.

This essential guide offers trainees and practicing dermatologists alike a reliable and easy-to-navigate reference tool for the accurate and expedient diagnosis of skin diseases. With its balanced consideration of both clinical and histopathological features, the book supports the straightforward, pattern-based identification of a wide range of disorders, and breaks diagnostic criteria down into accessible, bite-sized pointers. 250 high-quality images complement the text to wonderful effect, and offer invaluable points of comparison for anyone working in the field of dermatology today.

PathologyComments Off on Frontiers in Parasitology, Volume 1: Molecular and Cellular Biology of Pathogenic Trypanosomatids

Nov282018

Every year millions of people living in tropical areas across the globe, are affected by trypanosomatids – the parasites causing Chagas disease, African trypanosomiasis, and leishmaniasis. According to WHO, these diseases are termed as neglected tropical diseases against which there are no effective vaccines and the few available treatments have many side effects, besides posing the risk of emerging drug resistant parasite strains. All these factors represent a significant challenge which imposes a considerable economic burden to public health systems. Many research initiatives have emerged in recent years with the aim to undercover parasitic molecular and cellular biology, parasite-host interactions, mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, molecular mechanisms of drug resistance, all essential for the development of novel anti-parasite treatments and eradication strategies. This volume highlights discoveries in the field of trypanosomatid molecular and cellular biology. Topics covered include cell organization during development, genome organization and maintenance, control of gene expression, nuclear and kinetoplast DNA replication, mechanisms of DNA damage repair, virulence factors and immune evasion, new methods for molecular diagnosis, new therapeutic tools and recombinant vaccine biology. This monograph will be of interest to undergraduates (premedical and biologists), graduates (masters and Ph.D. students), the parasitology research community and researchers working in related fields.

Dermatopathology A-Z is a comprehensive book designed to help a novice in the field quickly learn diagnostic criteria and memorize the images, while more experienced dermatopathologists or surgical pathologists can quickly refresh their visual memory by reviewing images of two cases of a particular disease. Alphabetically organized, this image-heavy text provides a succinct pathological description on nearly 600 different diseases. With an emphasis on visual learning, diseases are illustrated with images from two different cases and includes low, medium, and high power images to mirror how dermatopathologists develop diagnosis and build the disease histomorphology.

This book is a concise textbook of iatrogenic pathology. Chapters cover iatrogenesis relevant to a broad range of medical subspecialties (cardiology, gastroenterology, gynecology, neurology, endocrinology and much more). The book presents an introduction to iatrogenesis which is followed by chapter-wise descriptions of iatrogenic lesions (lesions due to adverse drug reactions, lesions occurring during diagnosis and consequences of various therapeutic interventions) of the organs and systems of the body. This textbook is a handy resource on iatrogenic pathology for medical students and working professionals (clinical and nursing staff) involved in a range of medical subspecialties.

An up-to-date examination of the evolution of microbial pathogenesis.
• Provides comprehensive coverage with a dual focus on pathogenesis and methods used to study evolution.
• Emphasizes broad themes of evolution and examines the process of studying evolution.
• Provides examples of how problems that are common to various pathogens have been solved by evolution.
• Serves as a valuable reference for laboratory directors, postdoctoral fellows, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students.

Oncology, PathologyComments Off on Pathology of Female Cancers: Precursor and Early-Stage Breast, Ovarian and Uterine Carcinomas

Nov152018

This book focuses on precursor lesions, borderline lesions, and early carcinomas of female-specific organs from the standpoint of pathology. In 2012, WHO Classification of Tumours of the Breast was revised and subsequently, in 2014, the WHO Classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive Organs was revised. In these latest versions, several new concepts are addressed that were not described in the previous editions, and many of them are related to the awareness of the specific pathogenesis of tumors in female patients. Although some of these issues are still controversial, several paradigm shifts should be understood by medical scientists. Thus researchers, diagnostic pathologists, and clinicians must share current information about what is taking place in the field and what the next issue to resolve is.This volume greatly broadens the reader’s understanding of the new concepts and paradigm shifts, as it includes information on how to diagnose and make differential diagnoses on a practical basis and also provides a thorough explanation of the molecular–clinicopathologic basis of the new concepts. The book thus benefits gynecologists, breast surgeons, gynecologic–medical oncologists, and cytotechnologists.

This full-color handbook clearly and succinctly explains the how and why behind disease processes and treatments and the most appropriate nursing care throughout the course of each disease. Information is presented in bulleted format, with over 100 full-color illustrations that show disease development and progression and numerous lists, tables, and flowcharts that highlight key facts. Recurring graphic icons include Focus In (illustrations showing detailed mechanisms behind disease development), Disease Block (flowcharts showing points where treatments halt disease progression), Life-Threatening Disorder, and Alert (possible complications, significant changes in clinical appearance, variations in incidence and pathophysiology, and age-related considerations).

This quick-reference pocket guide succinctly explains the pathophysiology of hundreds of diseases and disorders. Richly illustrated with color art showing disease development and progression, the book gives LPNs/LVNs a clear understanding of the why behind each disease and treatment and the most appropriate nursing care. Disorders are covered in a consistent format—pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, complications, and treatments. Recurring icons include Red Flag (dangers and complications), Life Stages (age-related variations), Genetic Connection (areas where genes play a major role in disease development), and Teaching Focus (key patient teaching topics).