Based on the generate mechanism of rolling bearing fault signal and its modulation model in the process of spreading, an improved method that combining Hilbert transformation and Stochastic Resonance (SR) is proposed for rolling bearing fault features extraction. Subsequently, the method is used to extract fault signal features from three kinds of typical faults, the surface damage of the inner ring, outer ring stripping injury and roller electrical erosion. First, low frequency envelope components are acquired from rolling bearing vibration signals through Hilbert transformation. Then, depending on the advantage of SR that SR is immune to noise and sensitive to periodic signal, cyclical faults signal of the low frequency envelope is highlighted by using the variable step size solution that can overcome adiabatic condition limitation of SR system. The experimental results show that the algorithm can extract the fault feature and identify the fault type effectively.