..These results indicate that dyslexia may result from distinct cognitive impairments. As a consequence, prevention and remediation programmes should be specifically targeted for the individual child's deficit pattern...

The determiner congruency effect in language production investigated with functional MRI

..The latter regions are known to be involved in the processing of incongruence and conflict in general. The data thus reveal the involvement of the left BA 44 in the selection of determiners for language production...

Specialisation in Broca's region for semantic, phonological, and syntactic fluency?

..The left BA 45 is involved in the strategic generation of morphological cues that facilitate gender processing. Model implications for aphasic patients with lesions including or excluding parts of Broca's speech region are discussed...

Effective connectivity of the left BA 44, BA 45, and inferior temporal gyrus during lexical and phonological decisions identified with DCM

..Using cytoarchitectonic probability maps, the activation was localized at Brodmann's area 44. The data suggest that Brodmann's area 44 in Broca's area is a shared neural correlate for gender processing in production and comprehension...

..In general, the results stress the importance of considering subtypes of dyslexia differentially in order to obtain better insights in the neurocognitive mechanisms of impaired and successful reading. ..

Different roles of cytoarchitectonic BA 44 and BA 45 in phonological and semantic verbal fluency as revealed by dynamic causal modelling

..To conclude, DCM provided additional insights into the roles of BA 44 and BA 45 during verbal fluency revealing the involvement of BA 45 in lexical retrieval and the relevance of BA 44 for phonological processing during word generation...

..Apart from extending previous knowledge from studies with adults to childhood, the study sheds further light on a potential neural mechanism for deficient grapheme-to-phoneme conversion in dyslexic children...

Dissociated neural processing for decisions in managers and non-managers

..In line with earlier findings in the literature, these data hint at a global change in hemispheric asymmetry during cognitive processing in dyslexic readers, which, in turn, might affect reading proficiency...

..In right-handers, the according left-hemisphere connection was significant, but connectivities were rather symmetrical. These findings reveal significant and unique right-hemisphere contributions to word production...

..These deficits may further interact and thus form a multi-causal basis for the patients' problems in every-day life which need to be considered when planning individually targeted intervention in PPA...

Why the leash constrains the dog: the impact of semantic associations on sentence production

..Consequently, the paradigm is applicable for further studies, e.g. for bringing forward the understanding of spontaneous language production or for comparing the neurofunctional basis of errors in healthy and aphasic speakers...

..The proposed model of physiological integration during speech production may now serve as a reference for investigations into the neurobiology of pathological states such as dysarthria and apraxia of speech...

..These findings provide a novel perspective to future sociological and economic research as well as to the analysis of social relations by focusing on abstract value systems as triggers of specific brain responses...

..Tractography data revealing differential structural connectivity signatures for these two brain areas provide additional evidence for a segregation of two areas in the left inferior frontal cortex...