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Kara Bonneau logged onto the race’s official photo site this week and saw pictures of four other people who ran Monday’s race in copies of the bib she earned — and paid for. She posted those pictures on Instagram and asked for help in identifying the unofficial runners, known as bandits.

Now the Boston Athletic Association is investigating and the tight-knit running community is asking whether social media are giving new legs to a tradition that is almost as old as the race itself. With runners bragging about their bibs on Instagram, anyone with a computer can find a bib and print a copy, making banditry even easier at the same time that security threats make it more of a concern.

“The BAA does take these matters seriously,” executive director Tom Grilk said Friday while stressing that the bandits went through the same security checkpoints as the official runners.

“The adjudication committee will decide what action will be taken,” he said, “with full consideration to the impact of cheating on those who have worked so hard to qualify and those who give so much of themselves to raise money for our outstanding local charities.”

There is a long and even proud tradition of bandits in the Boston Marathon, with Roberta Gibb running unofficially in 1966 to shatter the ban keeping women from the race. But while adding a few hundred unofficial runners in the race’s infancy might have been a minor inconvenience, the growth of the event — and the security needs after last year’s bombings — have made banditry a bigger problem.

With the official field expanded to 36,000 this year to include the thousands stopped along the course when the bombs went off at the finish line and thousands more who wanted to run in support, BAA and public safety officials told bandits to stay away.

“Fluids, medical care, and traffic safety, are provided based on the number of official entrants,” organizers said on their website. “Any addition to this by way of unofficial participants, adversely affects our ability to ensure a safe race for everyone.”

But there’s another problem with bandits, and it’s the one that makes serious runners chafe like cotton shorts on a cold day: Because Boston requires most runners to meet a qualifying standard, showing up on race day is only part of the feat.

To those who qualified, bib bandits are a sort of modern-day Rosie Ruiz taking a shortcut to the finish line.

“There’s two parts of that marathon: There’s qualifying to get there, and then there’s running it. Anyone can go the 26.2 miles,” said Michael Sullivan, who found another man wearing his bib No. 10055 in the race photos. “Anybody who has strived to run it, or strived to get there, or is a runner who understands how difficult it really is.”

Those outed for running with false bibs say they didn’t mean any offense. After Boston TV station WCVB ran a story on Chelsa Crowley’s banditry — she ran with her Twitter handle on her shirt — her husband, FourSquare founder Dennis Crowley, posted an apology on the station’s web site.

“Yes, using a duplicate number to get Chelsa into the starting corral with me was wrong,” he wrote, explaining that they were separated near the finish line last year because of the explosions. “Our intent was never to ‘steal’ anything from anyone — our intent was to finish the Boston Marathon together as we tried to do last year.”

The BAA said it will spend the next two weeks looking at the results before declaring them official. Those who were found to run with duplicate bibs can be banned from future Boston Marathons and other BAA events.

Sullivan said he simply wants them to be exposed: “Their family and friends need to know they cheated,” he said.

It was one thing when runners would merely join the race to see what it would feel like to be part of the Patriots’ Day event. But using a fake bib and getting all the amenities available to the registered runners — including the finisher’s medal — is what “ticks me off,” Sullivan said.

“In my little community, we don’t even wear the race shirts they give us for just registering until after we finish,” he said. “It’s not a life and death thing. . It doesn’t take way from my awesome experience in Boston.

“People who are not runners, they don’t really have that sense of how hard it really is,” Sullivan said. “They say, ‘What’s the big deal?’ I’m on the side of the fence that says, ‘Just do the hard work to get there.’”

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