the types of waves in the
electromagnetic spectrum currently used for communication systems as– visible light– infra-red– microwaves– radio waves, which include:– TV– FM radio waves– AM radio waves

There are several types of electromagnetic waves
currently used in communication systems. These waves have a range of
properties, making each type suitable for specific communication systems.

The types of waves that are used for communication
systems are:

visible light, used in optical fibres

infra-red, used as a laser beam and in thermal
imaging

microwaves, for satellite communication and
radar

radio waves, including AM radio band, FM radio
band, and TV, which uses AM for the picture and FM for the sound.

communication technologies that use energies from the
electromagnetic spectrum for communication purposes

The following table identifies some communication
technologies that use energies from the electromagnetic spectrum for
communication purposes.

Communication

technology

Description

Part of the electromagnetic spectrum used

Optical fibres

Replacing copper
cables in coaxial cables and phone lines as they last longer and
carry 46 times more conversations than copper cables

Visible light

Remote control
communication

Remote controls for
a variety of electrical devices, such as TV, video, garage doors and
infra-red computer systems

Infra-red

Satellite
technologies

This technology
mostly makes use of frequencies in the super high frequency (SHF)
range and the extra high frequency (EHF) range.

Microwaves

Mobile phone
networks

These use a
combination of systems. Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is used to
communicate between individual mobile phones and each local mobile
exchange. Exchange networks communicate using land lines (coaxial or
optic fibre).

Microwaves

TV broadcasting

TV stations transmit
in the very high frequency (VHF) range and the ultra high frequency
(UHF) range.

Shortwave radio;
frequencies ranging from 1 Ghz – 150 Mhz.

Radio broadcasting

Radio is used for a
broad range of technologies including AM and FM broadcasting and
amateur radio.