Moreover, it was demonstrated that lactating rats exhibited a high degree of CRF and AVP colocalization in parvocellular PVN neurons, hypothalamic projections, and median eminence terminals compared to virgins [53].

It is produced by two kinds of oxytocinergic neurons: The magnocellular neurons sending their projections to the neurohypophysis releasing OT into blood circulation, and the parvocellular neurons sending their projections mainly to the campus, ventral tegmental area, frontal cortex, brainstem, pons, medulla, and spinal cord [16].

However, AVP and oxytocin also can be produced in another group of neurons in the PVN and supraoptic nuclei (i.e., in the parvocellular neurons) and released into the hypothalamic--hypophyseal portal vessels to reach the anterior pituitary.

The magnocellular pathway, which is primarily responsible for processing information about location and motion, and the parvocellular pathway, which is primarily responsible for processing information about detail and color (7).

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