NHS BOURNEMOUTH AND POOLE AND NHS DORSET

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1 NHS BOURNEMOUTH AND POOLE AND NHS DORSET COMMISSIONING STATEMENT ON THE USE OF BETA-INTERFERON IN RELAPSING-REMITTING MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS OR SECONDARY PROGRESSIVE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, WHERE RELAPSES ARE THE DOMINANT CLINICAL FEATURE. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) Clinical Guideline no. 8 in November 2003 stated that every healthcare commissioning authority should ensure that all people with MS have ready access to a specialist neurological service which would include provision of specific pharmacological treatments, especially diseasemodifying drugs, and enacting the risk-sharing scheme for interferon beta and glatiramer acetate. BACKGROUND INFORMATION The Cluster PCTs will commission beta interferons in accordance with HSC 2002/004 and the relevant product s marketing authorisation. Consideration should be given to the cost of each product and the different methods of administration for each patient when making product selection. 1. MARKETING AUTHORISATION AND MODE OF ACTION 1.1 The BNF (Sept 2012) states: Interferon beta is licensed for use in patients with relapsing, remitting multiple sclerosis (characterised by at least two attacks of neurological dysfunction over the previous 2 or 3 years, followed by complete or incomplete recovery) who are able to walk unaided. Not all patients respond and deterioration in the bouts has been observed in some. It is also licensed for use in patients with a single demyelinating event with an active inflammatory process, if it is severe enough to require treatment with an intravenous corticosteroid, and they are at high risk of developing multiple sclerosis. Interferon beta-1b is also licensed for use in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis but its role in this condition has not been confirmed. 1.2 Interferon beta-1a is licensed as Avonex and Rebif and interferon beta-1b is licensed as Betaferon or Extavia. 2. NICE APPRAISALS TA 32: Beta interferon and glatiramer acetate for the treatment of multiple sclerosis 2.1 On the balance of their clinical and cost effectiveness neither beta interferon nor glatiramer acetate is recommended for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the NHS in England and Wales. HSC 2002/004: Cost effective provision of disease modifying therapies for people with multiple sclerosis

2 2.2 The Department of Health, National Assembly for Wales, Scottish Executive and Northern Ireland Department of Health, Social services and Public safety reached agreement with manufacturers on a risk-sharing scheme for the supply of disease modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis on the NHS. The scheme involves detailed monitoring of a cohort of patients to confirm the cost-effectiveness of these treatments. All patients with relapsing-remitting MS, and those with secondary progressive MS in which relapses are the dominant clinical feature, who meet the criteria developed by the Association of British Neurologists are eligible for treatment under the scheme. NICE CG 8 (Nov 2003) Multiple sclerosis 2.3 Every healthcare commissioning authority should ensure that all people with MS have ready access to a specialist neurological service which includes the provision of specific pharmacological treatments, especially disease-modifying drugs, and enacting the risk-sharing scheme for interferon beta and glatiramer acetate. 2.4 The risk sharing scheme has been controversial and its outcomes are unclear but it remains in place. In a letter from the Department of Health last year organisations were reminded of the scheme and the legal obligation of the NHS to comply with it. In particular it was stated that it would not be expected for patients who are being prescribed scheme drugs to be taken off those unless there was a clinical reason for their prescription to be changed. 3. POLICY 3.1 The Cluster PCTs will commission beta interferons in accordance with HSC 2002/004 and the relevant product s marketing authorisation. Consideration should be given to the cost of each product and the different methods of administration for each patient when making product selection. 3.2 The following commencement and cessation criteria must be used. It is expected that the cluster PCT will be notified when a patient is commenced on therapy. In addition audit data for each patient to demonstrate that the patient continues to benefit from the beta interferon should be provided on request. Treatment should be reviewed after 12 months or earlier if appropriate. Beta interferon for relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) Commencement Criteria All of the following criteria must be met. The patient: 1. Has had at least 2 clinically significant relapses in previous 2 years 2. Is able to walk 10m or more*. 3. Is not pregnant or attempting conception 4. Is aged over 18 years

3 5. Has no contra-indications * for patients who can walk between 10 and 99 m (aided or unaided, EDSS 6.0 to 6.5), treatment with DMTs is permitted but recommended less strongly than for patients able to walk more than 100m unaided (EDSS 5.5 or less) Cessation Criteria One or more of the following criteria are met: 1. No reduction in frequency or severity of relapses compared with pre-treatment phase following a minimum 6 month period of beta interferon treatment, unless the frequency and/or severity of relapses necessitates an earlier change of therapy (e.g. Natalizumab) 2. Intolerable adverse effects of the drug 3. The patient is pregnant, breast feeding or attempting conception 4. Development of inability to walk, persistent for more than 6 months, unless unable to walk for reasons other than MS. 5. Confirmed secondary progressive disease with an observable increase in disability over a 6 month period (see beta interferon secondary progressive criteria for definitions) It is important that the frequency and severity of relapses both in pre and post treatment phases are accurately and consistently recorded so as to ensure meaningful audit. Beta interferon for secondary progressive disease (SPMS) Commencement criteria All of the following criteria must be met. The patient: 1. Has had at least two disabling relapses in two years 2. Is able to walk 10m or more 3. Has had minimal increase in disability due to gradual progression over the past 2 years 4. Has had disease progression by less than 2 EDSS point over last year (other than relapse-related), where the data have been recorded 5. Is not pregnant or attempting conception 6. Is aged over 18 years 7. Has no contra-indications Cessation criteria One or more of the following criteria are met: 1. No reduction in frequency or severity of relapses compared with pre-treatment phase following a minimum 6 month period of beta interferon treatment

4 2. Intolerable adverse effects of the drug 3. The patient is pregnant, breast feeding or attempting conception 4. Development of inability to walk, persistent for more than 6 months, unless unable to walk for reasons other than MS. It is important that the frequency and severity of relapses both in pre and post treatment phases are accurately and consistently recorded so as to ensure meaningful audit. 3.3 A relapse is defined as the onset of new symptoms or the worsening of preexisting symptoms attributable to demyelinating disease lasting for more than 24 hours and preceded by improving or stable neurological status for at least 30 days from the onset of the previous relapse in the absence of infection, fever or significant metabolic disturbance. 3.4 A clinically significant relapse contributing to the eligibility for Disease Modifying Therapies are: 1. Any motor relapse 2. Any brainstem relapse 3. A sensory relapse if it leads to functional impairment 4. Relapse leading to sphincter dysfunction 5. Optic neuritis 6. Intrusive pain and lasting more than 48 hours. 3.5 A disabling relapse is defined as any relapse which fulfils one or more of the following criteria: 1. Affects the patient s ability to work or 2. Affects the patient s activities of daily living as assessed by an appropriate method or 3. Affects motor or sensory function sufficiently to impair the capacity or reserve to care for themselves or others as assessed by an appropriate method or 4. Needs treatment/hospital admission 3.6 Annual costs (BNF Sept 2012), excluding VAT: Interferon beta-1a

5 Avonex 8,502 (im injection, pre-filled syringe, weekly dosing). Rebif 10,572 dose, sc injection, pre-filled syringe, three times a week dose) Rebif 8,123 if 44mcg not tolerated, sc injection, pre-filled syringe, three times a week dose) Interferon beta-1b Betaferon 7,280 (sc injection, requires reconstitution, every other day dosing) Extavia 7,280 (sc injection, requires reconstitution, every other day dosing) 3.7 Within HSC 2002/004 the costs per patient per year of the drugs being supplied to the NHS for the purposes of the scheme are: Avonex ( 8,502) Betaferon ( 7,259) Rebif ( 7,513 lower dose and 8,942 higher dose) N.B. Extavia was not available when the scheme was launched. References 1. NICE TA NICE CG HSC 2002/004 rculars/dh_ Department of Health Dec Approved by Bournemouth, Dorset and Poole Health Technologies Forum (committee) Date Approved: 15 th January 2013 Version V1 Produced by (Title); Commissioning/Forum Support Pharmacist Review Date: On publication of policy by National Commissioning Board..

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