Introduction As the world population continues to grow, technology continues to progress, and innovation starts to reach new heights, the need for globalization increases every day. Thanks to advances in modern communication, production is now a global process and aims to reach new consumers across the globe. All consumers tend to want the same things, be it a luxury good, or a staple in their everyday lives. As a rather ethnocentric country, the United States of America has a great influence upon the rest of the world. However, the entire North American population (United States and Canada) takes up only about 5% of the 7 billion people in the world. That means, international…...

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...Running Head: INTERNATIONAL MARKETING
International Expansion at Tesco
Introduction
Tesco plc is a well-known international grocery and general merchandising retailer. The company headquarter is situated in United Kingdom. Tesco is the fourth-largest retailer in the world on the basis of its revenues subsequent to Wal-Mart, Carrefour and Metro. The company operates with its stores in almost 14 countries throughout Asia, Europe and North America. It is a leader in the UK grocery market with 30% market share (Channer & Hope 2001).
The company employs approximately half a million staff worldwide, 250,000 of which are in the UK. It operates with 2,500 stores in the UK. Tesco sells more or less 40,000 food products all over the world and 65% of its sales are attained outside the UK. This evidence, the company high concern with its international operations that will be discussed in this report along with the evaluations of some other international operations related aspects to make some final recommendations.
Driving Forces behind Tesco’s Sales outside to UK
Retail environment of the world is changing significantly in almost all of its aspects and domains. Nowadays customers does not prefer to purchase different grocery items from different grocery stores as they feel comfortable to purchase it from some retail stores in which every grocery item is present at single place (Burt, Sparks & Teller 2010). Changing customer buying patterns and market trends are the......

...International Expansion
Elena Popova
Professor Steven Englehart
International Business Strategy
10/27/2013
Strayer University
1. Develop a revised international product life cycle plan
As the global economy continues to stumble, retailers are struggling to achieve growth domestically. While there are pockets of opportunity, many retail sectors in the United States are saturated and not expected to grow much, if at all. Growth may be heavily dependent on winning share from competitors, typically a taxing effort. Consequently, many retailers are looking beyond their borders for potential growth. Foreign markets offer attractive growth rates fueled by burgeoning middle classes, lower competitive intensity, and greater pricing flexibility. Additionally, a global presence may help retailers lessen their risk exposure to an economic downturn in any one market.
Every brand or product has its life cycle which spans from the time it is launched to the time it exits from the market. This cycle covers four stages, introduction, growth, maturity and decline. The life cycle of each and every brand or product is different, and different advertising strategies should be adopted at different stages to suit the marketing targets and market environment in order to achieve the best marketing results.
The first stage in a product’s life cycle is the introduction stageintroduction stageThe first stage of the product life cycle after a product is launched..
The introduction stage...

...24/2/2014
Picard International Expansion
CONTENTS PAGE 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 2. INTRODUCTION 2 2.1 Picard overview 4 2.2 Picard´s corporate strategy 5 2.3 SWOT analysis 6 3. PEST ANALYSIS 6 4. PORTER´S FIVE FORCES Analysis of entering the UK Market 7 5. CONCLUSION 11 6. BIBLIOGRAPHY 12 7. APPENDICES 13 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The aim of this report is to analyse Picard´s market performance as well as challenges in its operating market using the PEST analysis tool, in order to identify if the company has prospects of entering and succeeding in the UK based on Porter´s five forces model. Picard is a French frozen food retailer focusing exclusively on its own brand product lines. The company has grown to be France´s leading frozen food specialist capturing 20% market share with a network of over 800 stores, and it is also the largest specialised network of frozen food in Italy. Picard also offers a leading home delivery service from internet and telephone orders, including in other countries such as Spain, Luxemburg and Belgium. The retailer´s overall strategy is characterised as a premium proposition with a vision of convenience, quality and innovation, firmly positioning itself on the high end of the market. Picard currently aims to continue opening approximately 50 new stores per year given its successful and consistent performance, allowing the company to potentially expand further overseas. Using the PEST analysis tool it was identified that Picard´s major challenges in...

...Netflix’s International Expansion
Firstly, Netflix faces with a rising content cost which drives the company to get more subscribers. Streaming-video Company like Netflix has a big fixed cost purchasing the rights to content. Accordingly, Netflix should try to attract more customers to enjoy large economies of scale. However, building scale in new markets is a long and expensive process for Netflix. In addition, government requirement is another problem. Take France as an example, its government restricts Netflix to delay showing time three years after movies open nationally in theaters, which could reduce subscribers’ interest in the movies. Finally, Netflix has to face with multi-country competition in European countries. There are many Netflix-like companies which are more familiar with local customer preference. These companies could provide specific content to attract subscribers.
About similarities, both brick and mortar companies and internet companies face with fierce global competition, needs to increase economies of scale, and government requirements. As to difference, internet companies could enjoy a lower cost in stepping into a foreign market since it does not need to purchase new buildings or equipments. Additionally, internet companies should open business 24 hours a day and 365 days a year which means it always needs to maintain its websites. Finally, internet companies face less trade barriers than brick and mortar companies. People in most countries......

...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report examines the international expansion process of Bharti Airtel as a result of increasing competition in the Indian telecom industry during the last 2-3 years. The report provides a detailed account of the evolution of the Indian telecom industry analysis. It gauges the industry through YIP’s globalization drivers and measures industry attractiveness through Porter’s Five Forces model. It also provides information about the increasing saturation and declining Average Revenue per User (ARPU) and the strategies major operators such as Bharti Airtel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular Ltd, Reliance Telecom Ltd, etc. are following to safeguard their profitability.
The report discusses about the two fold strategy of tapping the rural market within India and netting talkers in emerging economies, followed by mobile operators in India to de-risk them.
Whether it is the rural Indian market or other emerging markets, operators would be busy acquiring subscribers. This, in turn, may result in erosion in profitability. There is no question of profitability. It is all about registering your presence and building psychological pressure.
On the other hand, the Indian market has yet to take-off when it comes to offering data-intensive mobile value-added services like m-commerce, healthcare services, governance, education, information and location-based services. But these areas are already contributing to revenues in many African and Middle Eastern countries.......

...International Expansion
Name of Student
Couse
Name of Tutor
Date of Submission
Table of Contents
Introduction 4
Abstract 4
Advantages 5
a) Single Large Market 5
b) Excellent Infrastructure 6
c) Technology 6
d) Skilled and Trained Manpower 6
e) Regional Political Stability 6
f) Business Friendly Environment 7
Disadvantages 7
a) Sovereign Debt Crisis 7
b) The Use of a Single Currency 7
c) Germany Dominance 8
d) Alternative Option 8
Advantages of Acquiring a Foreign Business 8
a) High Growth of GDP 8
b) Available Large Markets 9
c) Favorable Government Policies 9
Disadvantages of Acquiring a Foreign Business 9
i. Different Business Environment 9
ii. Ineffective Regulatory Environment 9
iii. Unbalanced Economies 10
Reasons to Invest In a Foreign Market 10
i. Economic conditions 10
ii. Expectations on Exchange Rate 10
iii. International Diversification 10
Reasons to Provide Credit in Foreign Markets 10
i. High Interest Rates 11
ii. Expectations on Interest Rates 11
iii. International Diversification 11
Conclusion 11
References 12
Introduction
The acquisition of business enterprise in a foreign country is part of global diversification. For instance, A US firm can seek to acquire another firm in Europe in which the business environment surrounding the foreign firm corresponds to the environment in the local US firm. The European market in the 28 different countries is diversified and......

...Chabros International Group: A World Of Wood
As many other companies Chabros International Group faced a financial crisis after the global economic crisis in 2009. The decision from Chami of investing $ 11 million in his Serbian sawmill was taking right before the beginning of the crisis and may have been crucial.
Why did Chabros operate internationally?
In order to understand Chami’s decision we have to take into account which reasons he argued for expanding his business outside of Lebanon. First of all, Lebanon was a very unstable country and when Chabros received by occasion the first orders from Lebanese customers in Dubai he did not think twice to expand into this country. In 1998 they opened their first branch outside of Lebanon, which led automatically to a share of risk in their operations. From this point on Chabros did not depend anymore on one single market. Another important reason for the expansion was that they could significantly increase their sales numbers.
Change in expansion motivations
Through this first very positive experience Chami was convinced about his internationalisation plans and his next country on the list was Saudi Arabia. The market entry was not as easy and successful as the one in Dubai. This was partially due to a different strategy with Italian partners as a joint venture which caused problems through cultural differences (Both Italian partners left the market between the first and second year). Shortly after this Chabros faced supply...

...assortment of raw products and innovative dishes sold in Picard.
Bargaining Power of Suppliers
The bargaining power of suppliers is low.
Picard´s strategy is a vertical integration supply chain as it is currently implemented. According to Scott (2011) this offers great bargaining power over suppliers, consistent quality and reduced risk of supply disruption. However, it can also reduce operational flexibility and limit access to the best suppliers.
The company currently uses over 200 suppliers of which approximately 70% are French to manufacture its own label range which represents 98% of products sold in stores. The geographical location and continuing service of current suppliers is therefore a significant advantage for Picard´s expansion in the UK. Suppliers are still expected to comply with strict quality standards and to meet increased demand as required, consequently meeting greater economies of scale and gaining greater margins, being able to offer more competitive prices to consumers.
Bargaining Power of Customers
The bargaining power of buyers is low to medium.
Customer power also acts to force prices down (Porter, 1980). If chips are too expensive in Picard, buyers will exercise their power and move to Iceland. However Picard´s premium range is unseen in any other retailers in the UK, so customers will not be able to find a frozen Japanese dinner party set of quality frozen food anywhere else for example. In customising its service with better......

...
TITLE: A case of international expansion of two markets and one product.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Over the years, the nature and dynamics of Guysuco Company’s engagement with the overseas markets have gone through a shift. Overseas expansion and competiveness are increasingly dependent on firm level capabilities rather on its national traditional products. The process of globalization at Guysuco has led to the development of competitive capabilities which has brought about intense partnership and interaction with global corporations. Additionally, the emergence of computer and internet has led to advanced information technology where the world of business has resulted in emergence of new types of businesses and new ways of organizing it.
This 21st century has encountered rapid changes in the global economy. Every business will encounter growing pains and unexpected curves when venturing into international markets. Doing business overseas do require a variety of vendors and partners. In recent years, Companies in Guyana such as Guysuco are forced to take a strategic decision when thinking of expanding internationally. These decisions are driven to ensure and achieve continual profit maximization and consumers satisfaction. International expansion of any business requires utilization of entry mode. The option to operate beyond domestic territory has become a necessity. This is indeed a natural path for growth and expansion.
...

...Globalization has certainly made the world a smaller and interconnected place. The reduction in trader barriers and technological advancements in communication and transportation have given firms the opportunity to expand internationally by accessing untapped markets and resources. However, companies routinely exaggerate the attractiveness of foreign markets, which leads to expensive mistakes. This essay shall discuss the opportunities and risk associated with distance in international expansion.
According to Ghemawat (2001), distance between two countries can manifest itself along four basic dimensions: cultural, administration, geographic and economic. Geographic distance, for instance, affects the costs of transportation and communications and is particularly importance to companies that deal with heavy or bulky products. Cultural distance, by contrast, affects consumer’s product preferences. It is a crucial consideration for any consumer goods or media company but it is much less important for a cement or steel business. Administrative distance involves historical and political associations shared by countries that greatly affect trade between them. Economic distance states that the wealth or income of consumers is the most important economic attribute, which creates distance between countries and has a marked effect on the levels of trade and types of partners a country trades with.
The opportunities and risk associated with distance are based on the four dimension...

...Spotify Analysis
Sarah de Ferrari, Danielle deFerrari
Bryce Simantel, & Christine Osazuwa
1
Spotify is a music streaming platform that was founded in 2006 in Sweden by Daniel Ek and
Martin Lorentzon with the goal of providing music to everyone. They worked with a Swedish developer
experienced with peer-to-peer framework with the intent of connecting the music listener directly to
the labels. Due to the nature of that relationship there is a need to negotiate with music labels for
launch on a country-to-country basis, starting with their initial launch in Sweden in 2008. They are
currently available in 57 countries with a limited launch currently underway in Canada and the
Phillipines. The basic service offered by Spotify is the ability for users to create custom playlists that can
be played through any internet connection. Spotify has two distinct product offerings, Spotify and
Spotify Premium. Spotify Premium members pay a monthly subscription fee but have access to their
playlists offline on multiple devices, thus having all the perks of owning the music while just paying $120
a year. Beyond that, Spotify is known for their social media interaction – users can interact with their
friends and share playlists, and users can also follow the playlists of their favorite artists. Songs can be
found by title, artist, or cd name, and various apps are available to enhance the service, such as radio
streaming.
Sean Parker, founder of Napster, invested $15M in......

...Exporting
Many automobile manufacturing firms begin their international expansion as exporters then later switch to another strategy for serving a foreign market. In August 1957, two Toyota Crown sample cars arrived at Los Angeles, becoming the first Japanese passenger cars ever exported to the United States (Isabel, 2008). Producing car in USA entails limited risk, expense, and knowledge of foreign markets and transactions, most firms prefer exporting as their primary foreign market entry strategy (Cavusil, Knight and Riesenberger, 2008, P.363). Japanese used exports as a large global business which deals in the export of used cars and vehicles from the Japanese domestic market to numerous markets around the world
On the other hand, transportation cost is likely to reduce the probability of exporting cars to a certain extent of subsequent exports (Naudé and Matthee, 2010). The transportation cost for vehicles is decided by the sizing and weighting of the vehicles (Ghelani, n.d.). Because automobiles weigh a lot, thus, they are shipped over a large distance, their transportation costs account very high. In addition, trade barriers have a direct impact on automobile exporting. Import tariffs are important for a country to protect its domestic automobile companies. USA created import barriers to against the growth of Japanese vehicle imports (Chung, Mitchell and Yeung, 2003). Thus, many carmakers started other expansion strategies around the world.
Joint venture
Joint......

...MiniCase 12.1
Question 1
Wal-Mart needed international expansion critically to remain a successful company. The main reason Wal-Mart needed to go global was because they could no longer achieve the growth needed in the US. This market was saturated. The United States represents only four percent of the world’s population, which meant Wal-Mart was missing out on ninety-six percent of the world’s potential customers. (Govindarajan, par. 7) Also, Wal-Mart needed to continue to make their US employees satisfied. With Wal-Mart’s aggressive stock purchasing programs, this meant that employee satisfaction was directly correlated to their stock prices. Walmart also realized that there were many emerging markets with lower levels of disposable income, which offered a large potential for discount retailers. (Govindarajan, par. 7) Therefore, Wal-Mart’s only option to achieve the growth needed was to enter the global environment.
Question 2
Wal-Mart achieved success in Canada and Latin America by using different types of entry in each market. They entered Canada by purchasing 122 Woolco stores in 1994. (Ball, 2010) Woolco was a failing retail chain in Canada. Wal-Mart was able to turn these stores profitable by implementing many practices and procedures that have been successful in the United States. Since the cultural differences between Canada and the United States are not extensive, Wal-Mart was able to achieve success. In Latin America, Wal-mart chose to enter the market......

...Starbucks
Developing International Expansion Plan
Starbucks
Starbucks Corporation is a publicly traded company that was established in Seattle in 1971 and is now one of the fastest developing coffee retailers in the world. The company now has over 8,000 company operated stores and 7,803 licensed stores in 49 countries. Starbucks has been in a steady state of development since CEO Howard Shultz in a franchise with a group of investors in 1987. Starbucks is the largest coffee bar chain in the U.S. In actual fact, they are the largest in the world, with some 2,600 stores globally. These stores all have like products that are similar in appearance. Starbucks seeks to provide the same experience to coffee drinkers in Seattle, New York, London, Kuwait City, and Taipei. Starbucks also offers services to companies to supply coffee and related items to their employees, owns a supermarket channel run by Kraft Foods, and sells its coffee and other items directly to customers through catalogs and its website. Ahead of these items, the company has an agreement with Pepsi-Cola to develop and produce bottled coffee drinks like the "Frappuccino" drinks and an agreement with Dreyer's Grand Ice Cream to produce different flavors of ice cream. Moreover, the company provides coffee service to customers like airlines and hotels. To put all this in perspective, in fiscal year 2009, Company operated retail stores accounted for about 84% of......

...MGMT415
Unit 1 Assignment
International Expansion
Many companies today want to expand their business to the international business, which can bring cost down and profits up. Taking a business internationally means knowing the rules and regulations of the countries you are entering. There can be many issues with going global which include cultural barriers, diversity issues, multicultural issues, political issues, and economical issues. It is very important to know how important expansion is to the company and what implications will come from going global.
Some of the issues that can arise in the host foreign country could face as a result of a global expansion are provisions for the occupant of good health, decent education, opportunities for promotion, decent house, employment, adequate income, and personal and national security. One benefit to the other nations is the rapidly expanding internet, which holds promise for developing nations. Its capabilities include communication and information delivery made easier and faster, and the nations gain from the revolution. However, the same benefits for developing nations are not the same in developed nations where transportation and communications are already established. These benefits serve all sectors of society such as education, government, science, health, and technology. These computers and networks are technologies that have to be absorbed and utilized in an internal and external way. The internal factors can......