Most towns and cities see the way the land is used reflecting the needs for:

Housing

Business and industry

A range of services (schools, shops, hospitals etc)

These types of land use are grouped in certain areas creating distinct zones. Low income workers tend to live close to the industrial zones or transport links while high income workers tend to live in the suburbs. Many zones co-exist with other uses. All towns and cities grow and change over time. The oldest buildings are usually found in the centre of the town and may once have been residential areas that now have been converted to offices or shops.Descriptions: CBD: Industrial Areas: The zone of transition: Residential areas: Open spaces:

Read the two case studies on pages 114-120 (Land use in Dublin and Paris) and list key details below:

Land use in Dublin

Land use in Paris

Three models of urban land use:Name of modelProposerInformationPlanning issues and land use change Over time the city of Dublin has changed and so has the areas of land use. Most of the industry which was located close to the city centre or near the ports has closed and moved to newly developed suburban industrial estates such as Ballymount, Santry and Tallaght. The old industrial areas (such as the areas around the docklands) became derelict but have been redeveloped into new commercial and residential areas such as Temple Bar, Smithfield and the Docklands. Slum tenement housing in areas like Sherrif Street have been redeveloped and renewed. Smaller suburban villages like Dundrum and Lucan have grown into busy new towns with new services and residential areas. Areas like Ringsend along the quays have been rebuilt into apartment blocks and hotels. The former docklands is now known as the Irish Financial Services Centre (IFSC) which includes offices, apartments, gyms, shops and restaurants. The Jervis Centre on Henry street used to be an old hospital and greenbelt areas (parks, gardens and squares like Ranelagh) have been maintained because some greenbelts have been rezoned and redeveloped.

(read and compare land use change in Paris page 125: any similarities?)