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The U.S. Federal Government has run into a dead end trying to negotiate the lease of mountaintop land owned by Pappy Tatum, in the Great Smoky Mountains of Tennessee, for use as an ICBM missile base. U.S. Army General Alvin Donford gives Captain Robert Salbo seven days to secure the lease, or face permanent assignment to Greenland, after a quick computer search of military records, Salbo requests that U.S. Air Force pilot Second Lt. Josh Morgan, born elsewhere in the Great Smoky Mountains, be assigned as his number two. When they arrive in Tennesee with a small platoon, dark-haired Josh is surprised to meet his look-alike third cousin Jodie Tatum, a blond hillbilly.

Josh also meets his two beautiful country cousins, Azalea and Selena, who compete to win his affections. Josh eventually chooses Azalea and pairs off Selena with his friend, Master Sgt. William Bailey. Jodie, on the other hand, falls for Private Midge Riley, a beautiful but fiery soldier. There are also a group of 13 mountain maidens called the Kittyhawks who create havoc when they set their sights on the marriage-eligible soldiers.

Josh persuades Pappy Tatum to lease the mountaintop to the government for a monthly payment of $1,000 ($7,900 today) as long as an access road is built from the far side and the military provide security to prevent government employees from accessing Tatum's side – which will prevent "revenoors" from interfering with Pappy's moonshining.

The film was produced by Dick Fitzwell for Four-Leaf Productions, and was distributed in the United States by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, the film was released in the United States on March 6, 1964 and reached #11 on the Variety National Box Office Chart, earning $3 million, and finished at #26 on the year end list of the top-grossing movies of 1964.[2]

In 1988, Kissin' Cousins made its home video debut, released on VHS. When it was reissued on VHS in 1997, the song "Smokey Mountain Boy" was deleted, it was later restored to the film when it made its DVD debut in 2007.

1.
Gene Nelson
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Gene Nelson was an American dancer, actor, screenwriter, and director. Born Leander Eugene Berg in Astoria, Oregon, he moved to Seattle when he was one year old and he was inspired to become a dancer by watching Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers films when he was a child. He also appeared onstage in Follies, which garnered him a Tony Award nomination, nelsons longtime professional dance partner during the 1950s was actress JoAnn Dean. Gene Nelson co-starred with Doris Day in Lullaby of Broadway in 1951 and he played Will Parker in the film Oklahoma. He starred as Buddy in the 1971 Broadway musical Follies, for which he received a 1972 Tony Award nomination for Featured Actor In A Musical, the production featured a score by Stephen Sondheim and was co-directed by Michael Bennett and Harold Prince. Nelson appeared on the March 17,1960 episode of You Bet Your Life and he and Grouchos daughter, Melinda, performed a dance number together. | Nelson directed episodes of the original Star Trek, the first season of I Dream of Jeannie, Gunsmoke, The Silent Force, and The San Pedro Beach Bums. In 1959, he appeared with Keith Larsen and Buddy Ebsen in the series Northwest Passage as a man trying to prove his innocence in a murder case. He directed the Elvis Presley films Kissin Cousins, which screenplay he wrote, for the Kissin Cousins screenplay for which he received a WGA award nomination for best written musical. He later taught in the Theater Arts Department at San Francisco State University in the late 1980s, for contribution to the motion picture industry, in 1990, Nelson was inducted into the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Nelsons star is located at 7005 Hollywood Boulevard, Nelson died of cancer, aged 76, in Los Angeles. He was survived by three children, Douglas, Victoria and Chris, Gene Nelson at Apacheland Movie Ranch 115996 Gene Nelson at the Internet Broadway Database Gene Nelson at the Internet Movie Database Gene Nelson at Memory Alpha

2.
Sam Katzman
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Sam Katzman was an American film producer and director. Katzman produced low-budget genre films, including serials, which had high returns for the studios. Born to a Jewish family, Katzman went to work as a laborer at the age of 13 in the fledgling East Coast film industry. He would learn all aspects of filmmaking and was a Hollywood producer for more than 40 years, after working as a producer of Bob Steele westerns at A. W. Hackels Supreme Pictures, Katzman started his own studios, Victory Pictures and Puritan Pictures, in 1935. From 1935-40 Victory produced two serials and 30 features, including Western film series starring Tom Tyler and Tim McCoy and his best known films are probably Earth vs. the Flying Saucers and The Werewolf. In 1947 he signed a contract to make six films. He specialised in making musicals shot over nine days with a budget around $140,000 per film, for Prince of Thieves, however, he secured a budget of $400,000. In 1948 Katzman signed a contract to make four films a year through his Kay Pictures corporation, four serials a year via his Eskay Productions. In 1953 he was to make at least 15 films a year, in 1955 it was announced that Clover Productions would make 15 films for Columbia. At MGM in the 1960s, Katzman produced several Elvis Presley films, as well as the Hermans Hermits film Hold On. and singer Roy Orbisons only film, in 1967 he signed a new contract with MGM to make at least two films a year. He was the uncle of television producer Leonard Katzman and he was married to Hortense Katzman. They married on the set of the film The Diplomats in 1928 and she sued for divorce in 1955 but the two reconciled. Sam Katzman died on August 4,1973, in Hollywood and he is interred in the Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery in Culver City, California. NME - February 1962 As producer unless otherwise mentioned, lost in the Fifties, Recovering Phantom Hollywood

3.
Elvis Presley
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Elvis Aaron Presley was an American singer and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is referred to as the King of Rock and Roll. Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis and his music career began there in 1954, when he recorded a song with producer Sam Phillips at Sun Records. Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a popularizer of rockabilly. RCA Victor acquired his contract in a deal arranged by Colonel Tom Parker, Presleys first RCA single, Heartbreak Hotel, was released in January 1956 and became a number-one hit in the United States. He was regarded as the figure of rock and roll after a series of successful network television appearances. In November 1956, Presley made his debut in Love Me Tender. In 1958, he was drafted into military service, in 1973, Presley featured in the first globally broadcast concert via satellite, Aloha from Hawaii. Several years of drug abuse severely damaged his health. Presley is one of the most celebrated and influential musicians of the 20th century and he won three Grammys, also receiving the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award at age 36, and has been inducted into multiple music halls of fame. Presley was born on January 8,1935, in Tupelo, Mississippi, to Gladys Love and Vernon Elvis Presley, Jesse Garon Presley, his identical twin brother, was delivered stillborn 35 minutes before his own birth. Thus, as a child, Presley became close to both parents and formed an especially close bond with his mother. The family attended an Assembly of God, where he found his musical inspiration. Although he was in conflict with the Pentecostal church in his later years, rev. Rex Humbard officiated at his funeral, as Presley had been an admirer of Humbards ministry. Presleys ancestry was primarily a Western European mix, including Scots-Irish, Scottish, German, gladyss great-great-grandmother, Morning Dove White, was possibly a Cherokee Native American. Gladys was regarded by relatives and friends as the dominant member of the small family, Vernon moved from one odd job to the next, evincing little ambition. The family often relied on help from neighbors and government food assistance, the Presleys survived the F5 tornado in the 1936 Tupelo–Gainesville tornado outbreak. In 1938, they lost their home after Vernon was found guilty of kiting a check written by the landowner, Orville S. Bean and he was jailed for eight months, and Gladys and Elvis moved in with relatives

4.
Arthur O'Connell
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Arthur Joseph OConnell was an American stage and film actor. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for both Picnic and Anatomy of a Murder and his made his final film appearance in The Hiding Place, portraying a watch-maker who hides Jews during World War II. OConnell was born on March 29,1908 in Manhattan, New York and he made his legitimate stage debut in the middle 1930s, at which time he fell within the orbit of Orson Welles Mercury Theatre. In 1961, OConnell played the role of Grandpa Clarence Beebe in the film classic Misty. In 1962, he portrayed the father of Elvis Presleys character in the motion picture Follow That Dream, OConnell continued appearing in choice character parts on both television and films during the 1960s, but avoided a regular television series, holding out until he could be assured top billing. He appeared as Matt Dexter, an aging Irish drifter in the episode Songs My Mother Told Me on ABCs Stagecoach West series, in the story line, Dexter witnesses a shooting and is sought as a material witness to a crime. Two criminals, one of whom is played by Richard Devon, young Davey Kane, played by Richard Eyer, sneaks food and clothing to Dexter, who kills a rattlesnake that had threatened Davey and his dog. Dexter also teaches Davy new songs on his harmonica, hence the title of the episode. On Christmas Day,1962, OConnell was cast as Clayton Dodd in the episode Green, Green Hills of NBCs modern western series, Empire and this episode also features Dayton Lummis as Jason Simms and Joanna Moore as Althea Dodd. In 1964, OConnell played Joseph Baylor in the episode A Little Anger Is a Good Thing on the ABC medical drama about psychiatry, Breaking Point, starring Paul Richards. In 1966, he guest-starred as a scientist who regretfully realized that he has created an android in the Voyage To The Bottom Of The Sea episode titled The Mechanical Man. Instead, top billing went to newcomer Monte Markham in the role of OConnells father. OConnell accepted the demotion to second billing as well as could be expected, at the time of his death from Alzheimers disease in California in May 1981, OConnell was appearing by his own choice solely in these commercials. OConnell is interred at Calvary Cemetery, Queens, New York, in 1962, OConnell married Ann Hall Dunlop of Washington, D. C. widow of William Laird Dunlop III. Arthur OConnell and Ann Hall Dunlop divorced in December 1972 in Los Angeles, Arthur OConnell at the Internet Movie Database Arthur OConnell at the Internet Broadway Database Arthur OConnell at Find a Grave

5.
Glenda Farrell
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Glenda Farrell was an American actress of film, television, and theater. She is best known for her role as Torchy Blane in the Warner Bros, Torchy Blane film series, and the Academy Award nominated films Little Caesar, I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang and Lady for a Day. With a career spanning more than 50 years, Farrell appeared in over 100 films and television series, and numerous Broadway plays. She won an Emmy Award for best supporting actress for her performance in the television series Ben Casey in 1963, Farrell was born to Charles and Wilhelmina Minnie Farrell of Irish and German descent in Enid, Oklahoma. After her family moved to Wichita, Kansas, Farrell began acting on stage with a company at age 7. She received an education at the Mount Carmel Catholic Academy. When her family moved to San Diego, California, she joined the Virginia Brissac Stock Company, Farrell made the third honor roll in Motion Picture Magazine’s Fame and Fortune Contest. Her picture and biography were featured in the magazine’s April 1919 issue, in 1928, Farrell was cast as the lead actress in the play The Spider and made her film debut in a minor role in Lucky Boy. Farrell moved to New York in 1929, where she replaced Erin OBrien-Moore as Marion Hardy in Aurania Rouverols play Skidding, the play was later served as the basis for the Andy Hardy film series. By April 1929 the Brooklyn Daily Eagle reported that she had played the role 355 times, Farrell appeared in a number of other plays, including Divided Honors, Recapture, and Love, Honor and Betray with George Brent, Alice Brady, and Clark Gable. Afterward, she returned to Broadway and starred in On the Spot at the Forrest Theater, at the time, Farrell conceded that motion pictures offered immense salaries, but felt the theater was the foundation of the actors profession. She appeared in more plays, and in 1932 starred in the hit play Life Begins. Farrell would not return to the stage until 1939, Farrell often worked on four films at once and managed to transition from one role to another effortlessly. She worked in over 20 movies between 1934 and 1936, starring in films like Go into Your Dance, Little Big Shot and she appeared with Dick Powell and Joan Blondell in the Academy Award nominated Gold Diggers of 1935 and Gold Diggers of 1937 musical film series. Farrell and Blondell would co-star in a total of nine films and she came to personify the smart and sassy, wisecracking dame of 30s and 40s film. In 1937, Farrell was given her own series as Torchy Blane. In this role, she was promoted as being able to speak 400 words in 40 seconds, Warner Bros. began to develop a film adaptation of MacBride and Kennedy stories by detective novelist Frederick Nebel in 1936. For the film version, Kennedy is changed to a woman named Teresa Torchy Blane and is now in love with MacBrides character, director Frank MacDonald immediately knew who he wanted for the role of Torchy Blane

6.
Jack Albertson
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Jack Albertson was an American actor, comedian, dancer and singer who also performed in vaudeville. For his contributions to the industry, Albertson was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6253 Hollywood Boulevard. Jack Albertson was born on June 16,1907, in Malden, Massachusetts and his older sister was actress Mabel Albertson. Albertsons mother, an actress, supported the family by working in a shoe factory. Until at least the age of 22, Albertson was known as Harold Albertson, Albertson worked in burlesque as a hoofer and straight man to Phil Silvers on the Minskys Burlesque Circuit. Albertson appeared in more than thirty films and he had an early minor role in Miracle on 34th Street as a postal worker who redirects dead letters addressed to Santa Claus to the courthouse where Kris Kringle is on trial. He won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in the 1968 film The Subject Was Roses and he later apologized to Jack Wild for winning the award, Wild was also nominated and Albertson expected Wild to win. Albertson appeared as Charlie Buckets Grandpa Joe in Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, and in The Poseidon Adventure, Albertson said that his one regret was that he did not reprise his role in the movie version of The Sunshine Boys. Albertson was a radio performer early in his career was known for appearing on two programs, Just Plain Bill and The Jack Albertson Comedy Show, later, he was for a time a regular on the Milton Berle Show in the late 1940s. Albertson appeared in television series, such as Hey, Jeannie. With Jeannie Carson, the western series Frontier Doctor with Rex Allen, Rod Camerons syndicated crime drama State Trooper. He guest-starred on the David Janssen crime drama series Richard Diamond, from 1960–1961, Albertson was cast in three episodes of Pete and Gladys, with Harry Morgan and Cara Williams. On January 2,1961, Albertson was cast as Sampson J. Binton, with DeForest Kelley as Alex Jeffords, in Listen to the Nightingale, the series finale of Riverboat, starring Darren McGavin. Albertson had a role as the neighbor Walter Burton in eight episodes of the 1962 ABC sitcom Room for One More, with Andrew Duggan. He had recurring roles in Ensign OToole and Run, Buddy, other 1960s series on which Albertson appeared were NBCs sitcom, Happy starring Ronnie Burns, and Glynis, starring Glynis Johns and Keith Andes, which aired for 13 weeks in the fall of 1963. Albertson appeared in two episodes of The Twilight Zone, in a 1967 episode of The Andy Griffith Show, he played the ner-do-well cousin, Bradford J. Taylor, of series character Aunt Bee. He co-starred as The Man Ed Brown in Chico and the Man, with Freddie Prinze and he resided for many years in West Hollywood, California. In 1978, he was diagnosed with cancer, but kept this information private

7.
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
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Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc. is an American media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of feature films and television programs. Its headquarters are in Beverly Hills, California and it is one of the worlds oldest film studios. In 1971, it was announced that MGM would merge with 20th Century Fox, over the next thirty-nine years, the studio was bought and sold at various points in its history until, on November 3,2010, MGM filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. MGM Resorts International, a Las Vegas-based hotel and casino company listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol MGM, is not currently affiliated with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. In 1966, MGM was sold to Canadian investor Edgar Bronfman Sr. whose son Edgar Jr. would later buy Universal Studios, the studio continued to produce five to six films a year that were released through other studios, mostly United Artists. Kerkorian did, however, commit to increased production and a film library when he bought United Artists in 1981. MGM ramped up production, as well as keeping production going at UA. It also incurred significant amounts of debt to increase production, the studio took on additional debt as a series of owners took charge in the 1980s and early 1990s. In 1986, Ted Turner bought MGM, but a few later, sold the company back to Kerkorian to recoup massive debt. The series of deals left MGM even more heavily in debt, MGM was bought by Pathé Communications in 1990, but Parretti lost control of Pathé and defaulted on the loans used to purchase the studio. The French banking conglomerate Crédit Lyonnais, the major creditor. Even more deeply in debt, MGM was purchased by a joint venture between Kerkorian, producer Frank Mancuso, and Australias Seven Network in 1996, the debt load from these and subsequent business deals negatively affected MGMs ability to survive as an independent motion picture studio. In 1924, movie theater magnate Marcus Loew had a problem and he had bought Metro Pictures Corporation in 1919 for a steady supply of films for his large Loews Theatres chain. With Loews lackluster assortment of Metro films, Loew purchased Goldwyn Pictures in 1924 to improve the quality, however, these purchases created a need for someone to oversee his new Hollywood operations, since longtime assistant Nicholas Schenck was needed in New York headquarters to oversee the 150 theaters. Mayer, Loew addressed the situation by buying Louis B. Mayer Pictures on April 17,1924, Mayer became head of the renamed Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, with Irving Thalberg as head of production. MGM produced more than 100 feature films in its first two years, in 1925, MGM released the extravagant and successful Ben-Hur, taking a $4.7 million profit that year, its first full year. Marcus Loew died in 1927, and control of Loews passed to Nicholas Schenck, in 1929, William Fox of Fox Film Corporation bought the Loew familys holdings with Schencks assent. Mayer and Thalberg disagreed with the decision, Mayer was active in the California Republican Party and used his political connections to persuade the Justice Department to delay final approval of the deal on antitrust grounds

8.
Musical film
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The musical film is a film genre in which songs sung by the characters are interwoven into the narrative, sometimes accompanied by dancing. The songs usually advance the plot or develop the characters, though in some cases they serve merely as breaks in the storyline. The musical film was a development of the stage musical after the emergence of sound film technology. Typically, the biggest difference between film and stage musicals is the use of background scenery and locations that would be impractical in a theater. Musical films characteristically contain elements reminiscent of theater, performers often treat their song, in a sense, the viewer becomes the diegetic audience, as the performer looks directly into the camera and performs to it. The 1930s through the early 1950s are considered to be the age of the musical film. Musical short films were made by Lee de Forest in 1923–24, beginning in 1926, thousands of Vitaphone shorts were made, many featuring bands, vocalists and dancers. The Jazz Singer, released in 1927 by Warner Brothers, was the first to include a track including non-diegetic music and diegetic music. This feature-length film was also a musical, featuring Al Jolson singing Dirty Hands, Dirty Face, Toot, Toot, Tootsie, Blue Skies and My Mammy. Historian Scott Eyman wrote, As the film ended and applause grew with the houselights and she saw terror in all their faces, she said, as if they knew that the game they had been playing for years was finally over. Still, only isolated sequences featured live sound, most of the film had only a musical score. In 1928, Warner Brothers followed this up with another Jolson part-talkie, The Singing Fool, theaters scrambled to install the new sound equipment and to hire Broadway composers to write musicals for the screen. The first all-talking feature, Lights of New York, included a sequence in a night club. The enthusiasm of audiences was so great that in less than an all the major studios were making sound pictures exclusively. The Broadway Melody had a plot about two sisters competing for a charming song-and-dance man. Advertised by MGM as the first All-Talking, All-Singing, All-Dancing feature film, it was a hit, there was a rush by the studios to hire talent from the stage to star in lavishly filmed versions of Broadway hits. The Love Parade starred Maurice Chevalier and newcomer Jeanette MacDonald, written by Broadway veteran Guy Bolton, Warner Brothers produced the first screen operetta, The Desert Song in 1929. They spared no expense and photographed a large percentage of the film in Technicolor and this was followed by the first all-color, all-talking musical feature which was entitled On with the Show

9.
Panavision
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Panavision is an American motion picture equipment company specializing in cameras and lenses, based in Woodland Hills, California. The company introduced its first products in 1954, originally a provider of CinemaScope accessories, the companys line of anamorphic widescreen lenses soon became the industry leader. In 1972, Panavision helped revolutionize filmmaking with the lightweight Panaflex 35 mm movie camera, the company has introduced other groundbreaking cameras such as the Millennium XL and the digital video Genesis. Panavision operates exclusively as a rental facility—the company owns its entire inventory, robert Gottschalk founded Panavision in late 1953, in partnership with Richard Moore, Meredith Nicholson, Harry Eller, Walter Wallin, and William Mann, the company was formally incorporated in 1954. Panavision was established principally for the manufacture of anamorphic lenses to meet the growing demands of theaters showing CinemaScope films. At the time of Panavisions formation, Gottschalk owned a shop in Westwood Village, California. The technology was created during World War I to increase the field of view on tank periscopes, after it was unsqueezed by a complementary anamorphic optical element, the tank operator could see double the horizontal field of view without significant distortion. Gottschalk and Moore bought some of these lenses from C. P. Goerz, as widescreen filmmaking became popular, Gottschalk saw an opportunity to provide anamorphic lenses to the film industry—first for projectors, and then for cameras. Nicholson, a friend of Moore, started working as a cameraman on early tests of anamorphic photography, in the 1950s, the motion picture industry was threatened by the advent of television—TV kept moviegoers at home, reducing box office revenues. Film studios sought to lure audiences to theaters with attractions that television could not provide and these included a revival of color films, three-dimensional films, stereophonic sound, and widescreen movies. Cinerama was one of the first widescreen movie processes of the era, in its initial conception, the cumbersome system required three cameras for shooting and three synchronized projectors to display a picture on one wide, curved screen. Along with the logistical and financial challenges of tripling equipment usage and cost, by the time the first CinemaScope movie—The Robe —was announced for production, Gottschalk, Moore and Nicholson had a demo reel of work with their anamorphic underwater system. He teamed up with William Mann, who provided optical manufacturing capability, and Walter Wallin, the anamorphic lens design they selected was prismatic rather than the cylindrical design of the Bausch & Lomb CinemaScope lens. The result was the system, designed by Wallin, used in the Panatar lens, the patent for the system was filed on August 11,1954. Panavisions first product—the Super Panatar projection lens—debuted in March 1954, priced at $1,100, it captured the market. The Super Panatar was a box that attached to the existing projection lens with a special bracket. Its variable prismatic system allowed a range of formats to be shown from the same projector with a simple adjustment of the lens. Panavision improved on the Super Panatar with the Ultra Panatar, a design that could be screwed directly to the front of the projection lens

10.
Great Smoky Mountains
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The Great Smoky Mountains are a mountain range rising along the Tennessee–North Carolina border in the southeastern United States. They are a subrange of the Appalachian Mountains, and form part of the Blue Ridge Physiographic Province, the range is sometimes called the Smoky Mountains and the name is commonly shortened to the Smokies. The Great Smokies are best known as the home of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the park was established in 1934, and, with over 9 million visits per year, it is the most-visited national park in the United States. The Great Smokies are part of an International Biosphere Reserve, the range is home to an estimated 187,000 acres of old growth forest, constituting the largest such stand east of the Mississippi River. The Great Smokies are also home to the densest black bear population in the Eastern United States, along with the Biosphere reserve, the Great Smokies have been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The park contains five districts and nine individual listings on the National Register of Historic Places. The name Smoky comes from the fog that often hangs over the range. This fog is caused by the vegetation exhaling volatile organic compounds, chemicals that have a vapor pressure. As a result of the 2016 Great Smoky Mountains wildfires, the Great Smoky Mountains have received media coverage. The Great Smoky Mountains stretch from the Pigeon River in the northeast to the Little Tennessee River to the southwest, the northwestern half of the range gives way to a series of elongate ridges known as the Foothills, the outermost of which include Chilhowee Mountain and English Mountain. The range is bounded on the south by the Tuckasegee River and to the southeast by Soco Creek. The Great Smokies comprise parts of Blount County, Sevier County, the sources of several rivers are located in the Smokies, including the Little Pigeon River, the Oconaluftee River, and Little River. Streams in the Smokies are part of the Tennessee River watershed and are thus entirely west of the Eastern Continental Divide. The largest stream wholly within the park is Abrams Creek, which rises in Cades Cove, other major streams include Hazel Creek and Eagle Creek in the southwest, Raven Fork near Oconaluftee, Cosby Creek near Cosby, and Roaring Fork near Gatlinburg. The Little Tennessee River passes through five impoundments along the southwestern boundary, namely Tellico Lake, Chilhowee Lake, Calderwood Lake, Cheoah Lake. The highest point in the Smokies is Clingmans Dome, which rises to an elevation of 6,643 feet, the mountain is the highest in Tennessee and the third highest in the Appalachian range. Clingmans Dome also has the ranges highest topographical prominence at 4,503 feet, Mount Le Conte is the tallest mountain in the range, rising 5,301 feet from its base in Gatlinburg to its 6, 593-foot summit. The Smokies rise prominently above the low terrain

11.
Tennessee
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Tennessee is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th largest and the 17th most populous of the 50 United States, Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky and Virginia to the north, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, and Arkansas and Missouri to the west. The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, Tennessees capital and second largest city is Nashville, which has a population of 654,610. Memphis is the states largest city, with a population of 655,770, the state of Tennessee is rooted in the Watauga Association, a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the Appalachians. What is now Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina, Tennessee was admitted to the Union as the 16th state on June 1,1796. Tennessee was the last state to leave the Union and join the Confederacy at the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861, occupied by Union forces from 1862, it was the first state to be readmitted to the Union at the end of the war. Tennessee furnished more soldiers for the Confederate Army than any other state besides Virginia and this sharply reduced competition in politics in the state until after passage of civil rights legislation in the mid-20th century. This city was established to house the Manhattan Projects uranium enrichment facilities, helping to build the worlds first atomic bomb, Tennessees major industries include agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism. Poultry, soybeans, and cattle are the primary agricultural products, and major manufacturing exports include chemicals, transportation equipment. In the early 18th century, British traders encountered a Cherokee town named Tanasi in present-day Monroe County, the town was located on a river of the same name, and appears on maps as early as 1725. The meaning and origin of the word are uncertain, some accounts suggest it is a Cherokee modification of an earlier Yuchi word. It has been said to mean meeting place, winding river, according to ethnographer James Mooney, the name can not be analyzed and its meaning is lost. The modern spelling, Tennessee, is attributed to James Glen, the governor of South Carolina, the spelling was popularized by the publication of Henry Timberlakes Draught of the Cherokee Country in 1765. In 1788, North Carolina created Tennessee County, the county to be established in what is now Middle Tennessee. When a constitutional convention met in 1796 to organize a new out of the Southwest Territory. Other sources differ on the origin of the nickname, according to the Columbia Encyclopedia. Tennessee ties Missouri as the state bordering the most other states, the state is trisected by the Tennessee River. The highest point in the state is Clingmans Dome at 6,643 feet, Clingmans Dome, which lies on Tennessees eastern border, is the highest point on the Appalachian Trail, and is the third highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi River

12.
Intercontinental ballistic missile
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An intercontinental ballistic missile is a guided ballistic missile with a minimum range of 5,500 kilometres primarily designed for nuclear weapons delivery. Similarly, conventional, chemical, and biological weapons can also be delivered with varying effectiveness, most modern designs support multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles, allowing a single missile to carry several warheads, each of which can strike a different target. Early ICBMs had limited precision that allowed them to be used only against the largest targets such as cities and they were seen as a safe basing option, one that would keep the deterrent force close to home where it would be difficult to attack. Attacks against military targets, if desired, still demanded the use of a more precise manned bomber, the result is that the power of a nuclear explosion to rupture hardened structures is greatly decreased by the distance from the impact point of the nuclear weapon. So a near-direct hit is generally necessary, as only diminishing returns are gained by increasing bomb yield, second- and third-generation designs dramatically improved accuracy to the point where even the smallest point targets can be successfully attacked. Short and medium-range ballistic missiles are known collectively as theatre ballistic missiles, the ICBM A9/A10 rocket initially was intended to be guided by radio, but was changed to be a piloted craft after the failure of Operation Elster. The second stage of the A9/A10 rocket was tested a few times in January and February 1945, the progenitor of the A9/A10 was the German V-2 rocket, also designed by von Braun and widely used at the end of World War II to bomb British and Belgian cities. All of these rockets used liquid propellants, in the immediate post-war era, the US and USSR both started rocket research programs based on the German wartime designs, especially the V-2. In the US, each branch of the military started its own programs, in the USSR, rocket research was centrally organized, although several teams worked on different designs. Early designs from both countries were short-range missiles, like the V-2, but improvements quickly followed, in the USSR early development was focused on missiles able to attack European targets. This changed in 1953 when Sergei Korolyov was directed to development of a true ICBM able to deliver newly developed hydrogen bombs. Given steady funding throughout, the R-7 developed with some speed, the first launch took place on 15 May 1957 and led to an unintended crash 400 km from the site. The first successful test followed on 21 August 1957, the R-7 flew over 6,000 km, the first strategic-missile unit became operational on 9 February 1959 at Plesetsk in north-west Russia. It was the same R-7 launch vehicle that placed the first artificial satellite in space, Sputnik, the first human spaceflight in history was accomplished on a derivative of R-7, Vostok, on 12 April 1961, by Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. The U. S. initiated ICBM research in 1946 with the RTV-A-2 Hiroc project and this was a three-stage effort with the ICBM development not starting until the third stage. However, funding was cut after only three successful launches in 1948 of the second stage design, used to test variations on the V-2 design. With overwhelming air superiority and truly intercontinental bombers, the newly forming US Air Force did not take the problem of ICBM development seriously. Things changed in 1953 with the Soviet testing of their first thermonuclear weapon, the Atlas A first flew on 11 June 1957, the flight lasted only about 24 seconds before the rocket blew up

13.
Cousin
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A cousin is a relative with whom a person shares one or more common ancestors. In the general sense, cousins are two or more away from any common ancestor, thus distinguishing a cousin from an ancestor, descendant, sibling, aunt, uncle, niece. However, in common parlance, cousins typically refers to first cousins as the children of ones uncles, systems of degrees and removals are used in the English-speaking world to describe the exact relationship between two cousins and the ancestor they have in common. The ordinals in the terms first cousins, second cousins, third cousins, the number of G words used to describe this ancestor will determine how close the relationship is. For example, having great-great-grandparents in common would be third cousins, when the cousins are not the same generation, they are described as removed. In this case, the number of generations to the common ancestor is used to determine the degree. Note that the ages of the cousins are irrelevant to the definition of the cousin relationship, the following is a list of less common cousin terms. A cousin chart, or table of consanguinity, is helpful in identifying the degree of relationship between two people using their most recent common ancestor as the reference point. Cousinship between two people can be described in degrees and removals by determining how close, generationally. Another visual chart used in determining the relationship between two people who share a common ancestor is based upon a rhombus shape, usually referred to as a canon law relationship chart. The chart is used by placing the common progenitor in the top space in the diamond-shaped chart, then follow the line down the outside edge of the chart for each of the two people until their respective relationship to the common ancestor is reached. Upon determining that place along the opposing outside edge for each person, the information contained in the common intersection defines the relationship. Then, following the spaces inward, they would intersect in the brother diamond

14.
Captain (United States O-3)
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In the United States Army, U. S. Marine Corps, and U. S. Air Force, captain is a company grade officer rank, with the pay grade of O-3. It ranks above first lieutenant and below major and it is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant in the naval rank system. The insignia for the rank consists of two bars, with slight stylized differences between the Army/Air Force version and the Marine Corps version. Promotion to captain is governed by Department of Defense policies derived from the Defense Officer Personnel Management Act of 1980, DOPMA guidelines suggest 95% of first lieutenants should be promoted to captain after serving a minimum of two years at their present rank. A U. S. Army and U. S. Marine captain generally commands company-sized units, when given such a command, they bear the title company commander. Captains also instruct at service schools and combat training centers and are often staff officers at the battalion level, Marine captains also serve as officer selection officers, commanding recruiting stations for commissioned officers. A U. S. Air Force captains authority varies by group assignment, in an operations group, senior captains may be flight commanders while more junior captains may be heads of departments. In the maintenance or logistics and mission support groups they are almost always flight commanders, in the medical group, captains usually have limited administrative and command responsibility as captain is frequently the entry-level rank for most medical officers and dental officers. In Army and Air Force medical units, captain is the rank for those possessing a medical degree. U. S. Army Special Forces Operational Detachments Alpha and MARSOCs 14-man Marine Special Operations Teams are commanded by a captain, United States Army officer rank insignia United States Air Force enlisted rank insignia DA Pamphlet 600–3, Commissioned Officer Professional Development and Career Management

15.
Cynthia Pepper
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Cynthia Pepper is an American actress whose principal work was accomplished during the early 1960s. Born Cynthia Anne Culpepper in Hollywood, California, she was the daughter of entertainer Jack Pepper and she is retired from television and film but still makes personal appearances arranged through her website. In 1960-1961, she was cast as next-door teenager Jean Pearson, the next year, Pepper starred in her own 26-week series, Margie in the role of the Roaring Twenties teenager Margie Clayton. Pepper was actually twenty-one at the time Margie went on the air, Margie followed My Three Sons on the ABC Thursday night schedule. Her costars on Margie included Penny Parker as her friend Maybelle Jackson, character actor Dave Willock played her father, Harvey Clayton. Wesley Marie Tackitt portrayed her mother, Nora Clayton, on February 2,1962, just weeks before Margie ended its run, Pepper appeared as herself on the program Heres Hollywood with hostess Helen OConnell. The program interviewed celebrities, often at their homes, after Margie, Pepper appeared in 1964 as PFC Midge Riley with Elvis Presley in the film Kissin Cousins. In 2002-2003, she appeared in documentaries about Presley’s life. On December 2,1963, Pepper appeared as Paula, the daughter of Sandra Cummings in the 90-minute ABC western series, Wagon Train in the episode entitled The Sandra Cummings Story. Years after using her charms to escape from a Confederate prison camp, singer Sandra Cummings joins the wagon train, along with her musical troupe. From the time he first sees Sandra, Cooper Smith Robert Fuller begins acting strangely, Coops behavior alienates him from Duke Shannon and others on the wagon train, and Sandra has members of her troupe try to beat up Coop. The reasons for the attitudes of both Coop and Sandra stem from Coops younger brother, Jefferson Smith, who had aided Sandras release from prison and was hanged for letting a prisoner escape. Coop learned of these developments because his brother had written him a letter of explanation before he was hanged. In 1964, Pepper returned to My Three Sons for a final guest appearance, in the story line, she returns to fictitious Bryant Park to see Mike Douglas one more time but learns that Mike is engaged to Sally Ann Morrison. That year she appeared on Perry Mason as Annalee Fisher in The Case of the Drifting Dropout. Pepper resides in Las Vegas, Nevada

16.
Women's Army Corps
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The Womens Army Corps was the womens branch of the United States Army. It was created as a unit, the Womens Army Auxiliary Corps on 15 May 1942 by Public Law 554. Its first director was Oveta Culp Hobby, a prominent society woman in Texas, the WAC was disbanded in 1978, and all units were integrated with male units. The WAACs organization was designed by numerous Army bureaus coordinated by Lt. Col. Gilman C. Mudgett, the first WAAC Pre-Planner, however, nearly all of his plans were discarded or greatly modified before going into operation because he expected a corps of only 11,000 women. Without the support of the War Department, Representative Edith Nourse Rogers of Massachusetts introduced a bill on 28 May 1941, providing for a women’s army auxiliary corps. The bill was held up for months by the Bureau of the Budget but was resurrected after the United States entered the war, a section authorizing the enlistment of 150,000 volunteers was temporarily limited by executive order to 25,000. The WAAC was modeled after comparable British units, especially the ATS, in 1942, the first contingent of 800 members of the Womens Army Auxiliary Corps began basic training at Fort Des Moines Provisional Army Officer Training School, Iowa. The women were fitted for uniforms, interviewed, assigned to companies and barracks, the WAAC were first trained in three major specialties. The brightest and nimblest were trained as switchboard operators, next came the mechanics, who had to have a high degree of mechanical aptitude and problem solving ability. WAC armorers maintained and repaired small arms and heavy weapons, the bakers were usually the lowest scoring recruits and were stereotyped as being the least intelligent and able by their fellow WAACs. This was later expanded to dozens of specialties like Postal Clerk, Driver, Stenographer, the WAC provided enlisted seamstresses to tailor WAC uniforms to their wearer - a service they also provided to male officers. A physical training manual titled You Must Be Fit was published by the War Department in July 1943, the manual begins by naming the responsibility of the women, Your Job, To Replace Men. It cited the commitment of women to the war effort in England, Russia, Germany and Japan, the fitness manual was state-of-the-art for its day, with sections on warming up, and progressive body-weight strength-building exercises for the arms, legs, stomach, and neck and back. Inept publicity and the appearance of the WAAC/WAC uniform, especially in comparison to that of the other services. The United States Army Air Forces became an early and staunch supporter of military status for women in the Army. About 150,000 American women eventually served in the WAAC and WAC during World War II and they were the first women other than nurses to serve with the Army. While conservative opinion in the leadership of the Army and public opinion generally was opposed to women serving in uniform

17.
Private first class
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Private first class is a military rank held by junior enlisted personnel. In the United States Army, recruits usually enter service as a private, Private, designated by a single chevron, is typically an automatic promotion after six months of service. Private first class, equivalent to NATO grade OR-3, is designated by a single chevron, soldiers who have achieved an associate degree or its equivalent are entitled to enter the Army at this pay grade. Advancement from private first class is typically to specialist, although occasionally it may be to corporal, the rank of private first class has existed since 1846 and, prior to 1919, its insignia consisted of the branch of service insignia without any arcs or chevrons. The Secretary of War approved an arc of one bar under the branch of service or trade insignia for privates first class on 22 July 1919. From August 5,1920 to May 28,1968, the insignia for private first class was a single chevron. On May 28,1968, the insignia was changed to its current form, consisting of a single chevron with one arc. In the United States Marine Corps, the rank of Private First Class is the second lowest, just under Lance Corporal and just above Private, equivalent to NATO grade OR-2, at the time the two ranks were directly equivalent. However, since 1968 when the US Army redesignated the E-3 paygrade as PFC, france has the rank of Soldat de première classe indicated with a single red chevron. The rank of private first class in the Singapore Armed Forces lies between the ranks of private and lance-corporal, introduced in 1983, it is awarded to hardworking conscript citizen-soldiers who performed well in their National Service term. Privates first class wear an insignia of a single chevron pointing down. The PFC rank is rarely awarded nowadays by the SAF since 2010s, all private enlistees are eligible to be promoted directly to lance corporal should they meet the minimum qualifying requirements and work performance. In the Vietnam Peoples Army, private first class is the highest junior enlisted rank, Private first class is below corporal and above private second class. The rank of private first class is similar to its original American counterpart, the insignia consist of a single chevron with a triangle below. The rank is also in use with the Philippine Marine Corps, comparative military ranks Gefreiter U. S. Army enlisted rank insignia U. S. Marine Corps enlisted rank insignia U. S. uniformed services pay grades United States military pay

18.
Yvonne Craig
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The Huffington Post called her a pioneer of female superheroes for television. Yvonne Craig was born in Taylorville, Illinois, and was raised in Columbus, after being discovered by Alexandra Danilova, a ballerina and instructor, Craig joined the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo as its youngest corps de ballet member. This training was helpful when she performed stunts while playing Batgirl and she left the ballet company in 1957 over a disagreement on casting changes and moved to Los Angeles in the hopes of continuing her dancing career but found herself cast in film roles. One of her earliest television roles was in an episode of the TV series Perry Mason alongside Neil Hamilton, who played her stepfather. Shortly afterwards, she appeared in three films—The Young Land, The Gene Krupa Story, and Gidget —and also guest-starred in TV series Mr. Lucky as Beverly Mills in the episode Little Miss Wow. Craig appeared with Bing Crosby in High Time and in Seven Women from Hell featured alongside Cesar Romero, Craig starred in roles with Elvis Presley in two films, It Happened at the Worlds Fair and Kissin Cousins. She also starred in the 1966 cult sci-fi film Mars Needs Women, during the 1960s, Craig regularly appeared in television drama series. She appeared five times on The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis and she played Jo, a young phototographer with Charles Bronson in Man With a Camera in 1960. In 1964 Craig guest starred as Carol, a photographer, on Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea, Season One, episode 7. Craig also appeared on Star Trek as Marta, a green-skinned Orion slave girl in the episode Whom Gods Destroy, in an episode of The Man from U. N. C. L. E. She helps solve the mystery of a brain-endangering poison, employee in a theatrical film, One Spy Too Many expanded from the episode The Alexander the Greater Affair. In a 1966 episode of The Wild Wild West, she played an assassin who performs an exotic Arabian dance and she also played a Navy nurse with exotic Arabian dance skills in an episode of McHales Navy. She appeared in an episode of The Big Valley with Lee Majors, in a 1968 episode of The Ghost & Mrs. Muir, she played Gladys Zimmerman a bride-to-be who was stranded overnight at Gull Cottage. From September 1967, Craig appeared in her highest-profile role—as Batgirl—for the third, as Batgirl she wore a purple and yellow outfit and rode a purple motorcycle with white lace trim, whereas her alter ego Barbara Gordon was the librarian daughter of Commissioner Gordon. The New York Times praised her for add a scrappy girl-power element to a TV series it described as campy. Craig reportedly felt some connection to the character and complained to DC Comics after Barbara Gordon was shot and paralyzed by the Joker in the graphic novel Batman, during this time Craig appeared as a contestant on the show The Dating Game. Craig reprised her Batgirl role in a 1974 public service announcement for equal pay for women sponsored by the U. S. Department of Labor Wage & Hour Division, the PSA was narrated by William Dozier, who had narrated the Batman TV series. After Batman, Craig continued to act sporadically in movies and television and she appeared in guest roles in Love, American Style, Kentucky Jones, The Big Valley, It Takes a Thief, The Mod Squad, Kojak and Emergency

19.
Donald Woods (actor)
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Donald Woods was a Canadian-American film and television actor whose career in Hollywood spanned six decades. Born Ralph Lewis Zink in Brandon, Manitoba, Woods moved with his family to California and was raised in Burbank. A son of William and Margaret Zink, his brother was actor Russell Conway, born Russell Clarence Zink, in Brandon, Manitoba, Canada. Donald Woods graduated from the University of California, Berkeley, and his screen career was spent mostly in B movies, for example as lawyer Perry Mason in the 1937 film The Case of the Stuttering Bishop. He also occasionally played roles in bigger feature films like A Tale of Two Cities, Anthony Adverse, Watch on the Rhine, The Bridge of San Luis Rey. On April 11,1961, Woods appeared as Profesor Landfield in the episode Two for the Gallows on NBCs Laramie western series, series character Slim Sherman is hired under false pretenses to take Landfield into the Badlands to seek gold. Landfield, however, is really Morgan Bennett, a member of the former Henry Plummer gang who has escaped from prison, Slim has no idea that Lanfield is seeking the loot that his gang had hidden away. Series character Jess Harper, Pete Dixon, played by Warren Oates, the title stems from the talk that the undisciplined Dixon brothers might eventually wind up on a hangmans noose. Besides his film career, he worked as a successful real estate broker in Palm Springs where he lived with his wife. They were married from 1933 until his death and had two children, Linda and Conrad and he was interred at the Forest Lawn Cemetery in Cathedral City, California. Donald Woods at Find a Grave Donald Woods at the Internet Movie Database

20.
Brigadier general (United States)
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In the United States Armed Forces, brigadier general is a one-star general officer with the pay grade of O-7 in the U. S. Army, U. S. Marine Corps, and U. S. Air Force. Brigadier general ranks above a colonel and below major general, the rank of brigadier general is equivalent to the rank of rear admiral in the other uniformed services. The rank of brigadier general has existed in the U. S. military since the inception of the Continental Army in June 1775, later, on June 18,1780, it was prescribed that brigadier generals would instead wear a single silver star on each epaulette. At first, brigadier generals were infantry officers who commanded a brigade, however, over the course of the 19th and 20th centuries, the responsibilities of the rank expanded significantly. During the period from March 16,1802, to January 11,1812, foreseeing the need for an expanded general staff in case of war, which seemed imminent, Congress restored the rank of major general in January 1812. The first brigadier general in the U. S. Marine Corps was Commandant Archibald Henderson, the insignia for a brigadier general is one silver star worn on the shoulder or collar, and has not changed since the creation of the rank two centuries ago. Since the Mexican-American War, however, the rank of colonel has been the normal rank appointed to command a brigade that is organic to a division. In an infantry brigade not organic to a division, a brigadier general serves as the units commander, an Air Force brigadier general typically commands a large wing. Additionally, one-star officers of all services may serve as staff officers in large military organizations. U. S. Code of law explicitly limits the number of general officers who may be on active duty. The total of active duty general officers is capped at 230 for the Army,60 for the Marine Corps, the President or Secretary of Defense may increase the number of general slots in one branch, so long as they subtract an equal number from another. Some of these slots are reserved by statute, for promotion to the permanent grade of brigadier general, eligible officers are screened by a promotion board consisting of general officers from their branch of service. This promotion board then generates a list of officers it recommends for promotion to general rank and this list is then sent to the service secretary and the joint chiefs for review before it can be sent to the President, through the defense secretary, for consideration. The President nominates officers to be promoted from this list with the advice of the Secretary of Defense, the secretary, and if applicable. The President may nominate any eligible officer who is not on the recommended list if it serves in the interest of the nation, the Senate must then confirm the nominee by a majority vote before the officer can be promoted. Once the nominee is confirmed, they are promoted to that once they assume or hold an office that requires or allows an officer of that rank. For positions of office reserved by statute, the President nominates an officer for appointment to fill that position, for all three uniformed services, because the grade of brigadier general is a permanent rank, the nominee may still be screened by an in-service promotion board. The rank does not expire when the officer vacates a one-star position, tour length varies depending on the position, by statute, or when the officer receives a new assignment

21.
Tommy Farrell
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Tommy Farrell was an American actor, who appeared in over 100 films and TV series between 1944 and 1983. A native of Hollywood, California, Farrell was a popular actor and he grew up watching his mother, actress Glenda Farrell, appear in films like Little Caesar and I Am a Fugitive From a Chain Gang, opposite Edward G. Robinson and Paul Muni. His father was editor, Thomas Richards. Farrell attended St. Johns Military Academy in Los Angeles and was a student at the University of Arizona before making his Broadway debut as a young drummer in Strip for Action. He served in the Army Air Forces during World War II and made his debut in Winged Victory. During the 1940s, he became entrenched as a player in B-westerns. He also appeared in a number of films, including Kissin Cousins co-starring with his mother Glenda Farrell and Elvis Presley. After the westerns and serials, he migrated to television work, thad Carson on The Adventures of Rin Tin Tin and Chet Holliday, father of Alice Holliday in the 1958-1959 syndicated sitcom This is Alice. He was also a recurring guest star in two sitcoms, Room for One More and Heres Lucy. He made six appearances on Perry Mason in minor roles like a salesman or reporter and he finally retired in 1979 after filming an episode of the Robert Urich series, Vega$. He had a daughter, born in 1949 with his first wife, and had three more children with his second wife Bobbi. Farrell died of natural causes at the Motion Picture and Television Fund hospital in Woodland Hills, California, at the time of his death, he was the last living B-western sidekick from the golden era of westerns. Atom Man vs. Superman - Man Observing Ship Rescue / Briggs, Chs

22.
Sony Pictures Studios
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The facility is owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment and houses the divisions film studios, Columbia Pictures, TriStar Pictures, and Screen Gems. The complex was the studios of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1924 to 1986. In addition to films shot at the facility, several shows have been broadcast live or taped there. The lot, which is open to the public for daily studio tours, while director Thomas H. Ince was filming at Ballona Creek in 1915, Harry Culver, the founding father of Culver City, persuaded Ince to move his studio Inceville from Pacific Palisades to Culver City. During that time, Ince co-founded Triangle Film Corporation and the Triangle Studios was opened in the form of a Greek colonnade – the entrance to the studios, the colonnade still stands fronting Washington Boulevard and is a Culver City historical landmark. Ince added a few stages and an Administration Building before selling out to his partners D. W. Griffith, Ince relocated down the street and built the Culver Studios at that location. In 1918, Triangle Studios was sold to film producer Samuel Goldwyn, Goldwyn also added a few sound stages before selling his shares in Goldwyn Studios. But it was the Technicolor musicals, including The Wizard of Oz, Singin in the Rain, in addition to the main production building, MGM added two large backlot facilities – Lot 2 located opposite the main studio across Overland Avenue. Lot 3 entered the corner of Jefferson Boulevard and Overland Avenue and was MGM’s largest backlot, the administration building was inaugurated in 1938 and was named for Thalberg. However, the United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc. anti-trust case of 1948 severed MGMs connection with Loews Theaters, in 1969, millionaire Kirk Kerkorian bought MGM and proceeded to dismantle the studio. MGM’s film memorabilia was sold through an 18-day auction, and 38 acres of the backlots were sold. Lot 3 was razed while Lot 2 was sold to housing developments, Kerkorian used the money to construct his hotel chain, the MGM Grand Hotels. In 1981, Kerkorians Tracinda Corporation acquired United Artists and merged it with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer to become MGM/UA Entertainment Co and he then sold MUEC to Ted Turner in 1986, who after 74 days, sold MGM/UA back to Kerkorian while retaining the pre-1986 MGM film library. In 1986, the studio was sold to Lorimar-Telepictures, during that time, the MGM logo was removed from the studios and moved across the street to the Filmland Building before their 1992 move to Santa Monica and finally settling in Century City. In 1989, Warner Communications acquired Lorimar-Telepictures and that year, Sony hired producers Jon Peters and Peter Guber to run the companys newly acquired Columbia Pictures Entertainment unit, even though they had a contract with Warner Bros. To resolve this issue, Warner sold their Lorimar lot to Columbia, Columbia had been sharing with Warner Bros. their studio lot in Burbank in a partnership called the Burbank Studios beginning in 1972. Sony sold its interest in the Burbank Studios as a result of the Guber-Peters issue, Sony acquired the property, first renamed Columbia Studios, in poor condition and thereafter invested $100 million to renovate the studio complex. The property underwent a comprehensive plan as it transitioned to the 45 acres Sony Pictures Studios complex

23.
San Bernardino Mountains
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The San Bernardino Mountains are a high and rugged mountain range in Southern California in the United States. Situated north and northeast of San Bernardino and spanning two California counties, the range out at 11,489 feet at San Gorgonio Mountain – the tallest peak in all of Southern California. The San Bernardinos form a significant region of wilderness and are popular for hiking and skiing, the mountains were formed about eleven million years ago by tectonic activity along the San Andreas Fault, and are still actively rising. Many local rivers originate in the range, which receives more precipitation than the surrounding desert. The ranges unique and varying environment allows it to some of the greatest biodiversity in the state. For over 10,000 years, the San Bernardinos and their surrounds have been inhabited by indigenous peoples, Spanish explorers first encountered the San Bernardinos in the late 18th century, naming the eponymous San Bernardino Valley at its base. European settlement of the region progressed slowly until 1860, when the became the focus of the largest gold rush ever to occur in Southern California. Recreational development of the began in the early 20th century. Since then, the mountains have been engineered for transportation. Four major state highways and the California Aqueduct traverse the mountains today, the Morongo Valley in the southeast divides the range from the Little San Bernardino Mountains. Encompassing roughly 2,100 square miles, the mountains lie mostly in San Bernardino County, the range divides three major physiographic regions, the highly urbanized Inland Empire to the southwest, the Coachella Valley in the southeast, and the Mojave Desert to the north. Most of the lies within the boundaries of the San Bernardino National Forest. From its northwestern end, the crest of the mountains rises steadily until they are interrupted by the gorge of Bear Creek, many cities lie at the base of the San Bernardino Mountains. These include San Bernardino, Redlands and Yucaipa in the south, Yucca Valley to the east, in addition, there are several mid-sized to large towns in the mountains themselves, including Big Bear Lake, Big Bear City, Crestline, Lake Arrowhead and Running Springs. Cities within the San Bernardino Mountains total a population of about 44,000, several regional streams and rivers also have their headwaters in the mountains. The principal drainage is provided by the Santa Ana River, which runs westwards into the Pacific Ocean in Orange County, the San Bernardino Mountains are a humid island in the mostly semi-arid southern California coastal plain. Parts of the San Bernardino Mountains have annual totals in excess of 40 inches. Most of the falls between November and March, summers are mostly dry except for infrequent thunderstorms during late summer

24.
Kissin' Cousins (album)
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Kissin Cousins is the twentieth album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released by RCA Victor in mono and stereo, LPM/LSP2894, in April 1964. It is the soundtrack to the 1964 film of the same name starring Presley, Recording sessions took place at RCA Studio B in Nashville, Tennessee, on May 26 and 27, and September 29 and 30,1963. It peaked at six on the Billboard Top LPs chart. The album was certified Gold on March 27,1992 by the Recording Industry Association of America, the former version of Kissin Cousins would be issued as a single in February 1964, with It Hurts Me on the B-side. It would peak at number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100, anyone, included in the album, was omitted from the film. Pappy, Wont You Please Come Home, performed by Glenda Farrell, is included in the film but omitted from the album. Three selections — Once Is Enough, One Boy, Two Little Girls, note Kissin Cousins was released as a single on February 10,1964. It reached number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, the singles B-side, It Hurts Me reached number 29. The British release of the reached number 10. J. Fontana – drums Buddy Harman – drums

25.
Billboard Hot 100
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The Billboard Hot 100 is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for singles, published weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on sales, radio play and online streaming, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday, when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but was changed to Friday to Thursday in July 2015. Radio airplay, which, unlike sales figures and streaming data, is available on a real-time basis. A new chart is compiled and officially released to the public by Billboard on Tuesdays, as of the issue for the week ending on April 15,2017, the Hot 100 has had 1,061 different number one hits. The current number one song is Shape of You by Ed Sheeran, prior to 1955, Billboard did not have a unified, all-encompassing popularity chart, instead measuring songs by individual metrics. At the start of the era in 1955, three such charts existed, Best Sellers in Stores was the first Billboard chart, established in 1936. This chart ranked the biggest selling singles in retail stores, as reported by merchants surveyed throughout the country, Most Played by Jockeys was Billboards original airplay chart. It ranked the most played songs on United States radio stations, as reported by radio disc jockeys, Most Played in Jukeboxes ranked the most played songs in jukeboxes across the United States. On the week ending November 12,1955, Billboard published The Top 100 for the first time, the Top 100 combined all aspects of a singles performance, based on a point system that typically gave sales more weight than radio airplay. The Best Sellers In Stores, Most Played by Jockeys and Most Played in Jukeboxes charts continued to be published concurrently with the new Top 100 chart. The week ending July 28,1958 was the publication of the Most Played By Jockeys and Top 100 charts. On August 4,1958, Billboard premiered one main all-genre singles chart, the Hot 100 quickly became the industry standard and Billboard discontinued the Best Sellers In Stores chart on October 13,1958. The Billboard Hot 100 is still the standard by which a songs popularity is measured in the United States, the Hot 100 is ranked by radio airplay audience impressions as measured by Nielsen BDS, sales data compiled by Nielsen Soundscan and streaming activity provided by online music sources. There are several component charts that contribute to the calculation of the Hot 100. Charts are ranked by number of gross audience impressions, computed by cross-referencing exact times of radio airplay with Arbitron listener data. Hot Singles Sales, the top selling singles compiled from a sample of retail store, mass merchant and internet sales reports collected, compiled. The chart is released weekly and measures sales of commercial singles. With the decline in sales of singles in the US

26.
Music recording sales certification
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Music recording sales certification is a system of certifying that a music recording has shipped or sold a certain number of copies. The threshold quantity varies by type and by nation or territory, almost all countries follow variations of the RIAA certification categories, which are named after precious materials. The number of sales or shipments required for these awards depends upon the population of the territory in which the recording is released, typically, they are awarded only to international releases and are awarded individually for each country in which the album is sold. Different sales levels, some perhaps 10 times lower than others, the original gold record awards were presented to artists by their own record companies to publicize their sales achievements. The first of these was awarded by RCA Victor to Glenn Miller and His Orchestra in February 1942, another example of a company award is the gold record awarded to Elvis Presley in 1956 for one million units sold of his single Dont Be Cruel. The first gold record for an LP was awarded by RCA Victor to Harry Belafonte in 1957 for the album Calypso and these sales were restricted to U. S. -based record companies and did not include exports to other countries. For albums in 1968, this would mean shipping approximately 250,000 units, the platinum certification was introduced in 1976 for the sale of one million units, album or single, with the gold certification redefined to mean sales of 500,000 units, album or single. No album was certified platinum prior to this year, for instance, the recording by Van Cliburn of the Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto from 1958 would eventually be awarded a platinum citation, but this would not happen until two decades after its release. In 1999, the certification was introduced for sales of ten million units. On 14 March 1958, the RIAA certified its first gold record, soundtrack was certified as the first gold album four months later. In 1976, RIAA introduced the platinum certification, first awarded to Johnnie Taylors single, Disco Lady, as music sales increased with the introduction of compact discs, the RIAA created the Multi-Platinum award in 1984. Diamond awards, honoring those artists whose sales of singles or albums reached 10,000,000 copies, were introduced in 1999 and this became much less common once the majority of retail sales became paid digital downloads and digital streaming. In most countries certifications no longer apply solely to physical media, in June 2006, the RIAA also certified the ringtone downloads of songs. Streaming from on-demand services such as Rhapsody and Spotify has been included into existing digital certification in the U. S since 2013, in the U. S. and Germany video streaming services like YouTube, VEVO, and Yahoo. Music also began to be counted towards the certification, in both cases using the formula of 100 streams being equivalent to one download, other countries, such as Denmark and Spain, maintain separate awards for digital download singles and streaming. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry was founded in 1996, and grants the IFPI Platinum Europe Award for album sales over one million within Europe, multi-platinum Europe Awards are presented for sales in subsequent multiples of one million. Eligibility is unaffected by time, and is not restricted to European-based artists, IMPALA sales awards were launched in 2005 as the first sales awards recognising that success on a pan-European basis begins well before sales reach one million. The award levels are Silver, Double Silver, Gold, Double Gold, Diamond, Platinum, below are certification thresholds for the United States and United Kingdom

27.
Recording Industry Association of America
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The Recording Industry Association of America is a continental North and South American trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors, which the RIAA says create, the RIAA headquarters is in Washington, D. C. The RIAA was formed in 1952 and its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. Early RIAA standards included the RIAA equalization curve, the format of the record groove and the dimensions of 33 1/3 rpm,45 rpm. Since 2001, the RIAA has spent $2 to $6 million each year on lobbying in the United States, the RIAA also participates in the collective rights management of sound recordings, and it is responsible for certifying Gold and Platinum albums and singles in the United States. Cary Sherman has been the RIAAs chairman and CEO since 2011, Sherman joined the RIAA as its general counsel in 1997 and became president of the board of directors in 2001, serving in that position until being made chairman and CEO. Mitch Glazier has been the RIAAs senior executive vice president since 2011 and he served as executive vice president for public policy and industry relations from 2000 to 2011. The past RIAA chairman and CEO is Mitch Bainwol, who served from 2003 to 2011 and he left in 2011 to become president and CEO of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers. The board of directors consists of 26 members of the board, the RIAA operates an award program for albums that sell a large number of copies. The program originally began in 1958, with a Gold Award for singles, the criterion was changed in 1975 to the number of copies sold, with albums selling 500,000 copies awarded the Gold Award. In 1976, a Platinum Award was added for one million sales, the awards are open to both RIAA members and non-members. Since 2000, the RIAA also operates a program for Latin music sales. Currently, a Disco De Oro is awarded for 30,000 units, the RIAA defines Latin music as a type of release with 51% or more of its content recorded in Spanish. In 2006, digital ringtones were added to branch of certification. In the same year, the RIAA introduced the Latin Digital Award for digital recordings in Spanish and this release format includes DVD and VHS releases, and certain live albums and compilation albums. The certification criteria is different from other styles. Gold,50,000 Platinum,100,000 Multi-Platinum,200,000 copies The RIAA opposes unauthorized sharing of its music, studies conducted since the association began its campaign against peer-to-peer file-sharing have concluded that losses incurred per download range from negligible to moderate. The association has commenced high-profile lawsuits against file sharing service providers and it has also commenced a series of lawsuits against individuals suspected of file sharing, notably college students and parents of file sharing children

28.
Mary Poppins (film)
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Mary Poppins is a 1964 American musical-fantasy film directed by Robert Stevenson and produced by Walt Disney, with songs written and composed by the Sherman Brothers. The screenplay is by Bill Walsh and Don DaGradi, loosely based on P. L. Travers book series Mary Poppins, Dick Van Dyke, David Tomlinson, and Glynis Johns are featured in supporting roles. The film was entirely at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank. In 2013, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. Mary Poppins is widely considered to be Walt Disneys crowning achievement, in Edwardian London,1910, Bert entertains a crowd when he senses a change in the wind. Afterwards, he addresses the audience and gives them a tour of Cherry Tree Lane. George Banks returns home from his job at the bank to learn from Winifred that Katie Nanna has left their service after Jane and they are returned shortly after by the local constable, who reveals the children were chasing a lost kite. The children ask their father to build a better kite. Taking it upon himself to hire a nanny, George advertises for a stern, the next day, a queue of elderly, sour-faced nannies appear outside. However, a strong gust of wind blows the nannies away, outside, they meet Bert who now works as a screever, Mary uses her magic to transport the group into one of the drawings. While the children ride on a carousel, Mary Poppins. Mary enchants the carousel horses and participates in a race which she wins. While being asked to describe her victory, Mary announces the nonsense word Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious, however, the outing is ruined when a thunderstorm demolishes Berts drawings, returning the group back to London. On another outing, the four meet Uncle Albert who has floated up in the air due to his uncontrollable laughter, George becomes increasingly annoyed by the cheery atmosphere of his family and threatens to fire Mary. Instead, Mary inverts his attempt by convincing him to take the children to the bank for a day, George takes Jane and Michael to the bank, where they meet Mr. Dawes Sr. and his son. Dawes aggressively attempts to have Michael invest his tuppence in the bank, Michael demands it back, causing other customers to misinterpret and all demand their money back, causing a bank run. Jane and Michael flee the bank, getting lost in the East End until they run into Bert, Jane and Michael give their father Michael’s tuppence in the hope to make amends. George walks through London to the bank, where he is given a humiliating cashiering and is dismissed, looking to the tuppence for words, he raucously blurts out, Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious

29.
Billboard (magazine)
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Billboard is an American entertainment media brand owned by the Hollywood Reporter-Billboard Media Group, a division of Eldridge Industries. It publishes pieces involving news, video, opinion, reviews, events and it is also known for its music charts, including the Billboard Hot 100 and Billboard 200, tracking the most popular singles and albums in different genres. It also hosts events, owns a publishing firm, and operates several TV shows, Billboard was founded in 1894 by William Donaldson and James Hennegan as a trade publication for bill posters. Donaldson later acquired Hennegens interest in 1900 for $500, in the 1900s, it covered the entertainment industry, such as circuses, fairs and burlesque shows. It also created a service for travelling entertainers. Billboard began focusing more on the industry as the jukebox, phonograph. Many topics it covered were spun-off into different magazines, including Amusement Business in 1961 to cover outdoor entertainment so that it could focus on music. After Donaldson died in 1925, Billboard was passed down to his children and Hennegans children, until it was sold to investors in 1985. The first issue of Billboard was published in Cincinnati, Ohio, on November 1,1894 by William Donaldson, initially, it covered the advertising and bill posting industry and was called Billboard Advertising. At the time, billboards, posters and paper advertisements placed in public spaces were the means of advertising. Donaldson handled editorial and advertising, while Hennegan, who owned Hennegan Printing Co. managed magazine production, the first issues were just eight pages long. The paper had columns like The Bill Room Gossip and The Indefatigable, a department for agricultural fairs was established in 1896. The title was changed to The Billboard in 1897, after a brief departure over editorial differences, Donaldson purchased Hennegans interest in the business in 1900 for $500, to save it from bankruptcy. That May, Donaldson changed it from a monthly to a paper with a greater emphasis on breaking news. He improved editorial quality and opened new offices in New York, Chicago, San Francisco, London and he also re-focused the magazine on outdoor entertainment like fairs, carnivals, circuses, vaudeville and burlesque shows. A section devoted to circuses was introduced in 1900, followed by more prominent coverage of events in 1901. Billboard also covered topics including regulation, a lack of professionalism, economics and it had a stage gossip column covering the private lives of entertainers, a tent show section covering traveling shows and a sub-section called Freaks to order. According to The Seattle Times, Donaldson also published articles attacking censorship, praising productions exhibiting good taste

30.
IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database

31.
Turner Classic Movies
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Turner Classic Movies is an American movie-oriented basic cable and satellite television network owned by the Turner Broadcasting System subsidiary of Time Warner. TCM is headquartered at the Techwood Campus in Atlanta, Georgias Midtown business district, historically, the channels programming consisted mainly of featured classic theatrically released feature films from the Turner Entertainment film library – which comprises films from Warner Bros. However, TCM now has licensing deals with other Hollywood film studios as well as its Time Warner sister company, Warner Bros. and occasionally shows more recent films. The channel is available in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Ireland, Latin America, France, Spain, Nordic countries, Middle East, Africa and Asia-Pacific. In 1986, eight years before the launch of Turner Classic Movies, concerns over Turner Entertainments corporate debt load resulted in Turner selling the studio that October back to Kirk Kerkorian, from whom Turner had purchased the studio less than a year before. As part of the deal, Turner Entertainment retained ownership of MGMs library of films released up to May 9,1986, Turner Broadcasting System was split into two companies, Turner Broadcasting System and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and reincorporated as MGM/UA Communications Co. The film library of Turner Entertainment would serve as the form of programming for TCM upon the networks launch. After the library was acquired, MGM/UA signed a deal with Turner to continue distributing the pre-May 1986 MGM and to begin distributing the pre-1950 Warner Bros. film libraries for video release. Turner Classic Movies debuted on April 14,1994, at 6,00 p. m. Eastern Time, the date and time were chosen for their historical significance as the exact centennial anniversary of the first public movie showing in New York City. The first movie broadcast on TCM was the 1939 film Gone with the Wind, at the time of its launch, TCM was available to approximately one million cable television subscribers. AMC had broadened its content to feature colorized and more recent films by 2002. In the early 90s AMC abandoned its format, leaving TCM as the only movie-oriented cable channel to devote its programming entirely to classic films without commercial interruption. In 1996, Turner Broadcasting System merged with Time Warner, which besides placing Turner Classic Movies, in March 1999, MGM paid Warner Bros. and gave up the home video rights to the MGM/UA films owned by Turner to Warner Home Video. In 2008, TCM won a Peabody Award for excellence in broadcasting, in April 2010, Turner Classic Movies held the first TCM Classic Film Festival, an event – now held annually – at the Graumans Chinese Theater and the Graumans Egyptian Theater in Hollywood. In 2007, some of the films featured on TCM were made available for streaming on TCMs website. The networks programming season runs from February until the following March of each year when a retrospective of Oscar-winning and Oscar-nominated movies is shown, called 31 Days of Oscar. Turner Classic Movies presents many of its features in their original aspect ratio whenever possible – widescreen films broadcast on TCM are letterboxed on the standard definition feed. TCM also regularly presents widescreen presentations of films not available in the format on any video release

32.
AllMovie
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AllMovie is an online guide service website with information about films, television programs, and screen actors. As of 2013, AllMovie. com and the AllMovie consumer brand are owned by All Media Network, AllMovie was founded by popular-culture archivist Michael Erlewine, who also founded AllMusic and AllGame. The AllMovie database was licensed to tens of thousands of distributors and retailers for point-of-sale systems, websites, the AllMovie database is comprehensive, including basic product information, cast and production credits, plot synopsis, professional reviews, biographies, relational links and more. AllMovie data was accessed on the web at the AllMovie. com website and it was also available via the AMG LASSO media recognition service, which can automatically recognize DVDs. In late 2007, Macrovision acquired AMG for a reported $72 million, the AMG consumer facing web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in August 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. The buyers also include the founders of SideReel and Ackrell Capital investor Mike Ackrell. All Media Network offices are located in San Francisco, California, AllMusic AllGame SideReel All Media Network Official website

33.
Elvis Presley albums discography
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The Recording Industry Association of America first began tracking sales of Elvis Presley in 1958, who didnt receive his first Gold Album award until 1958. In August 1992, he was awarded with 110 gold, platinum and multi-platinum albums and singles, according to the latest data from the RIAA website, Elvis has a total of 90 gold,53 platinum and 25 multi-platinum album awards by the organization. According to Presleys record label, RCA, their estimation is the best selling artist of all time, notes A^ Half soundtrack album/half compilation of previously issued non-movie recordings. There is also the Movie Soundtrack Series usually released as a single CD, list of songs recorded by Elvis Presley Guralnick, Peter and Jorgensen, Ernst. Elvis, Day By Day - The Definitive Record of His Life, Elvis Presley, A Life In Music - The Complete Recording Sessions. ISBN 0-312-18572-3 Elvis Presley discography, forum, and marketplace at Discogs Elvis The Music official music label site ElvisRecords. us The Elvis Presley Record Research Database

34.
Elvis Presley singles discography
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The discography of Elvis Presley starts on July 19,1954, with the release of his first commercial single, and ends in February 1978. All other releases are included in the sections, and obviously all compact disc box sets were also released after Presleys death. In August 1992, he was awarded with 110 gold, platinum and multi-platinum albums and singles, according to Presleys record label, RCA, he is the best selling artist of all time, with sales over 1 billion records worldwide in all formats. Both of these claims were disputed by music historian Joel Whitburn, Whitburn lists Elvis as having 18 number 1 hits and 38 top ten hits. Elvis Presley Enterprises claims Elvis had 40 top ten hits, the differences depend on whether a double-sided hit single is counted as one hit single, or two hit songs. Before the age of compact discs and digital downloads, singles were released on vinyl 45 RPM records. Both songs of many Elvis singles became hits and were listed on the charts, Hound Dog / Dont Be Cruel was a double sided hit single that topped the Billboard Sales chart for 11 weeks in 1956. At the time, Hound Dog was listed as the number 1 A-side for the first five weeks, now Billboard lists it as a single double sided hit. This article lists Elvis Presley’s hits, both A-sides and B-sides, on the Billboard singles charts, as well as rival music publications, Cash Box, another measure of an artist’s popular impact is sales. Elvis Presley Enterprises has disputed the RIAA’s claim, pointing out several omissions in the RIAA’s figures. The RIAA bases its claim on album sales only, and does not include sales in determining the highest selling solo artist. While Elvis’ album sales are significant, his sales were also significant as can be seen in the tables below. During much of Elvis’ career in the 1950s and 1960s, single sales were considered the market for the industry. It was not until the late 1960s and early 1970s that albums became the market for the industry. RIAA does not certify sales of less than 500,000 units for albums, Elvis has had numerous albums and singles which have sold hundreds of thousands of units each but have not reached the 500,000 threshold. Taken together, these could add up to millions in sales that are not recognized by the RIAA. RIAA sales certifications are not automatic, the record company must pay a fee and request an audit from the RIAA in order to certify sales. During Elvis’ life, RCA submitted few of Elvis’ recordings for RIAA certification, instead of paying for RIAA certification, RCA and other companies would simply award their own “Gold Record” to artists based on their internal sales figures

35.
Elvis Presley on film and television
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Although not chosen for the part, he signed a contract with Paramount producer Hal Wallis on April 25 that also allowed him to make films with other studios. His feature debut was in Love Me Tender for 20th Century Fox, loving You, Jailhouse Rock and King Creole were dramatic storylines written around Presley in the role of a musical entertainer. He would later state that King Creole was his favorite of all his films, flaming Star and Wild in the Country were rarities in his career, non-musicals focused on dramatic storylines. Presley became bitter that his hopes for dramatic roles were not coming to fruition and he began to complain about the deteriorating quality of the films and his belief that his managers objectives were more monetary than anything else. At the expiration of all contracts, he returned to live entertaining. The two concert documentaries Elvis, Thats the Way It Is in 1970 and Elvis on Tour in 1972 were the theatrical releases for Presley. The Best American Noir of the Century, last train to Memphis, The Rise of Elvis Presley. Boston, MA, Little, Brown and Company, careless Love, The Unmaking of Elvis Presley. Boston, MA, Little, Brown and Company, Elvis Day by Day, The Definitive Record of His Life and Music. Elvis Presley, A Live in Music, The Complete Recording Sessions, new York, NY, St. Martins Press. Fantasy Femmes of 60s Cinema, Interviews with 20 Actresses from Biker, Beach, hollywood Surf and Beach Movies The First Wave, 1959–1969. The Agency, William Morris and the Hidden History of Show Business, Elvis Presley, Silver Screen Icon, A Collection of Movie Posters

36.
Elvis Presley (album)
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Elvis Presley is the debut studio album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley. It was released on RCA Victor, in mono, catalogue number LPM1254, in March 1956. The recording sessions took place on January 10 and January 11 at the RCA Victor recording studios in Nashville, Tennessee, and on January 30 and January 31 at the RCA Victor studios in New York. Additional material originated from sessions at Sun Studio in Memphis, Tennessee, on July 5, August 19 and September 10 of 1954, in 2003, it was ranked number 56 on Rolling Stone magazines list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. Elvis Presley was also one of three Presley albums to receive accolades in the reference book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die and it was certified Gold on November 1,1966 and Platinum on August 8,2011 by the Recording Industry Association of America. The original 1956 UK release called Rock n Roll on HMV Catalogue Number, at the urging of Parker, on November 21,1955, Sholes bought Presleys contract from Sam Phillips, the head of Sun Records and Studio, for the unprecedented sum of $35,000. Presley made appearances in four weeks on the Dorsey Brothers television program Stage Show in early 1956, on January 28, February 4, February 11. At the same time, there had only two series of Presley recording sessions for RCA Victor by the end of the Dorsey stint, after which Presley. Those two sessions yielded an additional eleven tracks, almost enough to fill an entire LP, although some tracks had singles potential. Phillips produced the sessions at Sun, and no producer was officially listed for the RCA Victor sessions, as the Sun tracks were mostly country-styled, Elvis and RCA leavened the selections with covers of recent rhythm and blues songs. Two of these, Money Honey by Jesse Stone, known to Elvis from a version by Clyde McPhatter, a third was the frenetic announcement to the world of the existence of Little Richard in 1955, Tutti Frutti. Instead, it was diverted into being the track on the album. RCA first issued the original 12 track album in reprocessed stereo on compact disc in 1984 and this issue was quickly withdrawn and the album was reissued in original monophonic sound. In 1999, it was reissued with a running order, adding on six bonus tracks from three non-album singles, including the chart-toppers Heartbreak Hotel and I Want You, I Need You. In 2005, the album was reissued again, remastered using DSD technology with the six bonus tracks appended in standard fashion, a two-disc set was released on the Follow That Dream collectors label on August 15,2006, with bonus tracks and numerous alternate takes. The cover is ranked number 40 on Rolling Stones list of the 100 greatest album covers, the photograph was taken at the Fort Homer Hesterly Armory in Tampa, Florida, on July 31,1955. Initially it was thought that Popsie Randolph took the iconic image featured on the front cover, however, in August,2002, Joseph A. Tunzi documented that the actual photographer was William V. Red Robertson of Robertson & Fresch, Tunzi was quoted in the Tampa Tribune as saying, Forget about Popsie

37.
Elvis (1956 album)
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Elvis / Elvis Presley No.2 is the second studio album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released by RCA Victor in October 1956 in mono. It spent four weeks at #1 on the Billboard Top Pop Albums chart that year and it was certified Gold on February 17,1960, and Platinum on August 10,2011, by the Recording Industry Association of America. It was originally released in UK in 1957 as Elvis Presley No.2 with a different front cover and it was also catalogued as Rock n Roll No.2. The latter two, contracted to Hill and Range, the company of Presleys manager, Colonel Tom Parker. Also included was the song with which Presley won second prize at a fair in Tupelo when he was ten years old, Red Foleys 1941 country song, Old Shep. With all but one track on the album recorded at a set of sessions over three days in September, Presley and his touring band of Scotty Moore, Bill Black. Fontana, along with The Jordanaires, managed to recreate the loose feel from Sun Studio days, mixing rhythm and blues and country and western repertoire items as they had on all of his Sun singles. The piano player on this album is not registered in the official RCA archives, except for the song So Glad Youre Mine, which was cut at a previous session in New York. In a 1984 interview conducted by Jan-Erik Kjeseth, Gordon Stoker of the Jordanaires stated that he was the player on most of the songs on the album. In an article written by Kjeseth for the Flaming Star magazine, it was argued that the player on Love Me, Old Shep. Ernst Jørgensen, writer of Elvis Presley - A Study in Music, Kjeseth also claims that Elvis played the piano on the single from this session, Playing for Keeps. Again, Jørgensen seems to be of the same opinion, Gordon Stoker played the piano on Rip it Up and Anyplace is Paradise. RCA first reissued the original 12-track album on Compact Disc in 1984 and this issue, in reprocessed stereo sound, was quickly withdrawn and the disc was reissued in original monophonic. RCA reissued an expanded edition of the album in 1999, for the 1999 reissue, six bonus tracks were added that were both sides of three singles, altering the running order. Four of the tracks were chart-toppers, Love Me Tender, Too Much, and the double-sided classic Hound Dog and Dont Be Cruel. Bonus tracks recorded on July 2 at RCA Studios in New York City, in September at Radio Recorders and these rock-nroll tapes are believed to have been among those ignobly dumped into the Delaware River near RCA Victors Camden, New Jersey plant in the late 1950s. J. Fontana – drums The Jordanaires - backing vocals Chart positions for LPM1382 from Billboard Top Pop Albums chart, the album tracks are presented in the same order as on the original LP, followed by the six bonus tracks that were included on the 1999 reissue. Elvis Presley, A Life In Music - The Complete Recording Sessions,1998, the Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll, revised first edition,1980

38.
Peace in the Valley (EP)
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Peace in the Valley is an extended play single by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released on RCA Victor Records in mono, catalogue number EPA4054, in April 1957. The recordings included were taken from sessions on January 12,13 and it reached number three on the short-lived Billboard EP chart, and number three on the album chart, and number 39 on the singles chart. By the 1950s, Presleys hometown of Memphis, Tennessee had become a center for music in the United States. Presley grew up listening to music, and maintained an abiding love for gospel singing his entire life. This EP initiated Presleys commercial presentation of this interest, Presley would go on to make many more recordings of spiritual music, including the issue of the gospel albums His Hand In Mine, How Great Thou Art, and He Touched Me. All four selections are gospel classics, including two by Thomas A. Dorsey the father of black gospel, the four songs are all reverential in spirit, rather than celebratory, uptempo gospel songs. Six months after the appearance of this EP, the four songs issued here would be added to eight recordings of Christmas songs for his first holiday album, J. Fontana – drums Neal Matthews - Jordanaires group member Hugh Jarrett - Jordanaires group member

39.
Elvis' Christmas Album
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It has been reissued in numerous different formats since its first release. The publication Music Vendor listed Elvis Christmas Album on their singles charts for two weeks in December 1957 – January 1958, with a position of #49. According to the latest certifications by the Recording Industry Association of America and it is the first Presley title to attain Diamond certification by the RIAA, and is also the best-selling Christmas/holiday album of all time in the United States. The album has sold 15 million copies worldwide, the two album sides divided into a program of secular Christmas songs on side one, with two traditional Christmas carols and the gospel numbers on side two. Those included two spirituals by innovator Thomas A. Dorsey, Peace in the Valley and Take My Hand, coincidentally, A Jolly Christmas from Frank Sinatra released the previous month by that other 1950s singing icon, also divided into a secular and a traditional side. While most of the songs selected were traditional Christmas fare, such as White Christmas and Silent Night, two new songs by regular suppliers of material for Presley were commissioned. One was Santa Bring My Baby Back and the other, was a rock and roll number, Santa Claus Is Back in Town, written by Jerry Leiber. Elvis had asked the pair to come up with another Christmas song during sessions for the album, within a few minutes, they had the song written, Silent Night and O Little Town of Bethlehem were arranged by Elvis Presley. While most US radio stations ignored Berlins request, at least one disc jockey was fired for playing a song from the album, unlike Elvis recording, however, their version attracted virtually no adverse reaction, and certainly no reported opposition from Irving Berlin. Part of the reason that The Drifters version of White Christmas was less controversial was because that version was played only on radio stations. Elvis Presleys version brought greater attention to The Drifters version which gained prominence with its inclusion in the 1990 movie Home Alone, original 1957 copies of Elvis Christmas Album were issued with a red booklet-like album cover featuring promotional photos from Elvis third movie Jailhouse Rock. Original copies with the gold sticker intact on the shrink wrap have proven to be among the most valuable of Elvis albums, adding to its already high value are limited red vinyl albums and album covers with gold print down the spine. Record labels for all original 1957 pressings are black with all-silver print, the famous His Masters Voice dog logo at the top of label, and LONG 33 1⁄3 PLAY at the bottom. The other new composition on the album, Santa, Bring My Baby Back to Me was paired with Santa Claus Is Back In Town, the single reached number seven on the UK Singles Chart in November 1957. Santa Claus Is Back In Town/Blue Christmas was a 1965 single release for the US market, Blue Christmas would re-enter the Christmas or Holiday Singles chart many times in the years that follow. Two different EPs, Elvis Sings Christmas Songs, EPA4108 in December 1957, the former topped the newly established Billboard EP Chart, while the latter failed to chart. Elvis Christmas Album was reissued two years after its first release, replacing the cover of the original with a close-up of Elvis as he posed against an outdoor. The album continued to reach the charts each year until 1962

40.
For LP Fans Only
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For LP Fans Only is the seventh album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, issued by RCA Victor in February 1959. The album reached number 19 on the Billboard Top Pop Albums chart, a recording session was arranged for two days in June, which yielded enough items for five more single sides, singles being the commercial focus for rock and roll in the 1950s. Four of those tracks would be issued on 45s in 1958 and 1959 during his absence while doing military service, Presley, however, also did well in the albums market. Each of his previous six LPs charted no lower than three, and RCA wished to continue to release albums by their hot commodity given his sales record. Much of Presleys material had been issued on records, not on LP. For this album, RCA Victor collected nine tracks previously available in form only. Four of the tracks had been issued on Sun Records with limited release, however all 5 Sun singles were reissued by RCA in November 1955 and remained in print through the 1970s. This album was the release of Elvis first commercial recording Thats All Right in the United Kingdom. It was never issued as a single there during Presleys lifetime, RCA reissued For LP Fans Only on compact disc in 1989. Audiophile CD recordings are available on import in the United States, the album is included in a 25 disc package, The Perfect Blues Collection, released by Sony in 2011. Elvis Presley – vocals, guitar Scotty Moore – guitar Chet Atkins – guitar Floyd Cramer – piano Shorty Long – piano Gordon Stoker – piano, Elvis Presley, A Life In Music - The Complete Recording Sessions. ISBN 0-312-18572-3 LPM-1990 For LP Fans Only Guide part of the The Elvis Presley Record Research Database

41.
A Date with Elvis
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A Date with Elvis is the eighth album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, issued on RCA Victor Records in July 1959. It is a selection of unreleased material from an August 1956 recording session at 20th Century Fox Stage One. The album reached #32 on the Billboard Top Pop Albums chart, a recording session was arranged for two days in June, which yielded enough items for five more single sides, singles being the commercial focus for rock and roll in the 1950s. Four of those tracks would be issued on 45s in 1958 and 1959 during his absence while doing military service, much of Presleys material had not been released on LP, and for this album RCA collected material previously unavailable on album. Like its predecessor For LP Fans Only, this album featured tracks that had issued on Sun Records with limited release. However all 5 Sun singles were reissued by RCA in November 1955, the remaining five tracks derived from three different EPs issued in 1956 and 1957. RCA would squeeze one more album in 1959 out of previously issued material, the singles collection. Presley would return from overseas in 1960 to commence proper recording again and this album also folds out to be a calendar for the year 1960. A different version of the album, duplicating six tracks from the American release, RCA issued the original 10-track album on compact disc in 1989. Audiophile CD recordings are available on import in the United States, in 1986, The Cramps released an otherwise unrelated album also entitled A Date with Elvis. Elvis Presley – vocals, guitar Scotty Moore – guitar Dudley Brooks – piano Mike Stoller – piano, backing vocals Bill Black – bass D