Book Synopsis
Economic development requires secure contract enforcement and stable property rights. Normal majority-rule politics, such as bargaining
over distributive and monetary policies, generate instability and frequently undermine economic development. Above Politics argues that
bureaucracies can contribute to stability and economic development, but only if they are insulated from unstable politics. A separation-ofpowers stalemate creates the conditions for bureaucratic autonomy. But what keeps delegated bureaucrats from being more abusive as
they become more autonomous? One answer is the negotiation of long-term, cooperative relationships - that (when successful) typically
bind subordinates to provide more effort in exchange for autonomy. Even more compelling is professionalism, which embeds its
professional practitioners in professional norms and culture, and incidentally mitigates corruption. Financial examples are provided
throughout the book, which ends with an analysis of the role