For example, higher prices reduce consumption, so government wisely taxes products it disfavors, such as tobacco.

But nudge government need not be nearly so directive. People take what they see first, so if schools set up cafeterias with the fruit and salad up front and the chocolate cake at the end of the line, they encourage children to eat healthier lunches.

People are inclined to stick with the status quo — to put it less politely, we’re naturally lazy — so if retirement plans are structured to take effect automatically unless people opt out, workers will save more.

Such simple changes in “choice architecture,” as Cass Sunstein and Richard Thaler write in “Nudge,” can “move people in directions that will make their lives better.”

Noodge government is nudge government run amok. Noodge, from the Yiddish nudyen, to pester, is both noun and verb: Stop noodging me. You are such a noodge.

There is no bright-line test for the nudge/noodge divide. Noodging is like obscenity — except, with noodging, you know it when you feel it. But noodging is also like food allergies — the more you are exposed, the less tolerant you become, until the most minimal encounter can trigger a full-blown attack.

This last point helps explain the super-size reaction to Bloomberg’s super-size edict: It arrives as the United States has become, for many people, the embodiment of Noodge Nation. First they came for our incandescent light bulbs. Then they made us buy health insurance. Soon the compulsory broccoli-buying will commence.

This response is both overwrought and ginned-up, as in the full-page ad that ran in the New York Times. “The Nanny,” blared the headline, over a Photoshopped image of Bloomberg as Mrs. Doubtfire.

“Nanny Bloomberg has taken his strange obsession with what you eat one step further,” warns the ad, sponsored by the industry-funded Center for Consumer Freedom. “What’s next? Limits on the width of a pizza slice, size of a hamburger or amount of cream cheese on your bagel?”

My initial reaction to Bloomberg’s move was a big gulp — don’t worry, Mr. Mayor, lower case — followed by ambivalent acceptance. Sugary drinks are not the only culprit in the obesity epidemic but, according to the Institute of Medicine, are the largest contributor of added calories to the American diet.

Other tactics could be more effective: a soda tax or barring the use of food stamps to buy sugary drinks. But Bloomberg’s push for those approaches failed. So a limit on portion sizes could have a modest chilling effect without a huge downside. After all, no one who is determined to drink more than 16 ounces of Mountain Dew will be prevented from chugging away.

In short, it seemed like a nudge. But listen to Bloomberg, and you can hear the hectoring voice of the noodge.

“Bold actions to protect the public health always stir controversy at first,” he asserted in USA Today. “Smoke-free bars and restaurants, trans fat restriction and calorie posting in restaurants were all met with skepticism but are now widely popular in New York City.”

Someday, the rest of you waddling dunderheads will appreciate my farsighted wisdom.

Bloomberg’s Mayor-Knows-Best paternalism feeds — pardon the pun — into a broader public anxiety about overbearing government. The bank and auto bailouts, the massive stimulus package, and sweeping new regulations of health care and the financial industry — all justified, by the way — have contributed to a public sense that the era of big government is back with a vengeance.

A new poll from the Pew Research Center found 62 percent agreeing that “the federal government controls too much of our daily lives,” up from 55 percent in 2009. Such chafing at government control, more than any rational objection, drives opposition to the individual mandate to obtain health insurance.

Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney is cannily exploiting this fear of government as Leviathan. “Under President Obama, bureaucrats are insinuating themselves into every corner of the economy,” he warned the National Rifle Association in April.

Bloomberg’s intervention may be good for New Yorkers’ waistlines, but it arrives at a particularly fraught moment: on the verge of the Supreme Court ruling on the health care mandate, in the midst of the election, and at a moment when the public may be tempted just to throw the noodges out.

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