Satin Stitch - This stitch is often used to cover background or to fill a shape.

The stitches are short and the needle always enters the fabric from the same side.

Stitches are repeated and worked closely together.

French Knots - This stitch can be used to fill a shape or to decorate details.

The thread is encircled around the needle twice, then inserted near to where the thread first emerged.

The thread is then pulled gently, creating a knot.

Stem Stitch - This stitch is used for flower stems and outlines.

The thread is pulled up through the fabric in the middle and to the side of the previous stitch.

When repeated, the stitch looks twisted like a rope.

Chain Stitch - This stitch can be used as an outlining or filler stitch.

It is worked by making a loop at the start. A second loop is formed inside the round end of the previous stitch.

By repeating this, it creates a series of interconnected loops which resemble a chain.

Daisy or Detached Chain Stitch - This stitch is usually worked in a group to form flowers.

Like chain stitch, a loop is made with the thread but here each loop is individually fastened in place, creating a petal shape.

Long and Short Stitch - Also known as Embroidery Stitch, Shading Stitch or Plumage Stitch.

Commonly used in flower and leaf designs. Used as a filler stitch to create blocks of colour and shading. The stitch is worked similarly to Satin Stitch in a series of alternating long and short stitches.

Backstitch - Also known as Point de Sable.

Used as an outlining stitch to highlight details and create borders.

The stitch is worked from right to left to create a solid line of evenly joined stitches.

Whipped Backstitch - Also known as Threaded Backstitch.

Used as a decorative outlining stitch and for floral or leaf motifs. Backstitch is worked first, then a second thread is then woven in and out of the Backstitch to create a rope-like effect.