Wildlife forensic specialists perform many of the same duties as other forensic investigators, including collecting evidence from crime scenes, analyzing weapons and determining cause of death. However, unlike in criminal forensic investigation, the victim -- and sometimes the perpetrator -- is an animal rather than a human, as in the case of poaching, illegal hunting activities and oil spills. These forensic professionals need training in biology, wildlife and criminal investigation.

Take as many science classes as you can in high school. As a forensic wildlife specialist, you'll rely on science to help you solve crimes against animals. Coursework in genetics helps you to determine species; biology helps you to identify cause of death; and chemistry helps you to pinpoint toxic substances contributing to an animal's death. Gain a broad understanding of the natural sciences to prepare for college-level coursework and help you decide which aspect of forensic investigation you're most interested in.

Obtain a college degree in science. Most agencies require at least a bachelor's degree in a natural science, such as biology, forensic science, wildlife sciences or a related field. While an undergraduate degree usually suffices for technician positions, you must have a master's or doctorate to advance to supervisory or research positions. As with your undergraduate degree, your graduate degree should be in a natural science, forensic science or wildlife sciences. Seek out programs that offer opportunities to conduct forensic investigations in the field.

Gain experience through an internship. Some law enforcement agencies and state field and wildlife offices offer internships for students or recent graduates. Through these programs, you'll learn more about the field, assist in investigations and make connections with professionals in the industry. Hands-on experience can increase your chances of employment, while helping you meet the people who can hire you or recommend you as an employee.

Receive advanced training through short-term wildlife forensics courses. If your degree program didn't include training in forensic investigation, take a seminar or course in wildlife forensic science. Cornell University offers a monthlong field wildlife forensics course that students can take without pursuing a degree. The course is designed for professionals already working in areas such as wildlife conservation, veterinary medicine and marine biology. The North American Wildlife Enforcement Officers Association offers an annual advanced training seminar in wildlife forensics for wildlife officers and investigators.

Network with other wildlife forensic professionals and learn more about the field by joining a professional association. Most organizations require either experience or a degree in wildlife forensics or a related field. To qualify for membership in the Society for Wildlife Forensics, for example, candidates must work in wildlife law enforcement or specialize in the study or protection of wildlife. They must also be sponsored by a current member or possess a letter of recommendation from a professor or employer. The society also accepts full-time college students as members.