Postgraduates' aesthetic affection refers to that an inner experience occurs when postgraduates evaluate the beauty of material and spiritual phenomena according to the aesthetic standards. Aesthetic affection is an important part of postgraduates' affection quality structure, the arousal of aesthetic affection can promote the harmony of postgraduates' inner world. Our study focused on postgraduates' aesthetic affection under the theoretical framework of affective quality. Existing research has found that the aesthetic quality of postgraduates is relatively weak. The research on postgraduates' affection mainly focused on the postgraduates' affection problems and their related factors, there was few research on development of postgraduates' aesthetic affection. Therefore, the purpose of our study were:(1) To examine the development of contemporary postgraduates' aesthetic affection;(2) To explore the influence factors of aesthetic affection.In the study, we used Questionnaire on college students' Aesthetic Affection(including demographic variables and the items of influence factor) to investigate 10056 postgraduates from 51 different colleges and universities of 14 major cities in China. Questionnaire on college students' Aesthetic Affection has good reliability and validity. And it is a multidimensional structure, including nature aesthetics, humanity aesthetics, science aesthetics, manner aesthetics. All postgraduates were gathered in the classrooms and finished the questionnaire. The main study results were showed as following:(1) Aesthetic affection of postgraduates in China are positive, and the score of nature aesthetics is highest, the score of humanity aesthetics is lowest;(2) The scores of nature aesthetics and manner aesthetics of female postgraduates are significantly higher than those of male postgraduates; the sores of aesthetic affection, nature aesthetics and manner aesthetics of the award-winning postgraduates are significantly higher than those no award-winning postgraduates; the scores of science aesthetics of science and engineering postgraduates are significantly higher than those of liberal arts postgraduates; the development of part of postgraduates' aesthetic affection is superior to undergraduate students;(3) The main factors influencing aesthetic affection are "public concern", "self-demanding" and "value identity"; in addition, reading quantity has positive influence on postgraduates' humanity aesthetics; interpersonal relationship has a positive impact on the nature aesthetics of postgraduates.The study is the first large-scale investigation on the aesthetic affection of postgraduates in China, the results showed that even though aesthetic affection of postgraduates in China are positive and the development of each factor of aesthetic affection is imbalance. This may give educators a thorough understanding of postgraduates' aesthetic affection and advice to promote the development of postgraduates' aesthetic affection.