Energy & Impact Assessment

Each of the three products studied: hot-rolled structural sections, plate, and hollow structural sections (HSS), used the same data for A2, A3, and D  as the raw material and energy input and emission outputs are virtually identical. However, the A1 data does change for each product, based on the steel making and fabrication requirements.

Structural Sections(A1-A3 Total)

Plate(A1-A3 Total)

HSS(A1-A3 Total)

Recycle Credit(D)

Renewable Primary Energy

1,010 MJ

991 MJ

1,230 MJ

-60.3 MJ

Non-Renewable Energy

18,700 MJ

22,200 MJ

31,200 MJ

-162 MJ

Total Energy

19,700 MJ

23,200 MJ

32,400 MJ

-222 MJ

Use of Secondary Materials (mt)

1.02 mt

0.81 mt

0.07 mt

0 mt

Radioactie Waste

0.00876 mt

0.000804 mt

0.000579 mt

-0.0000147 mt

Materials for Recycling

0.0205 mt

0.0205 mt

0.0205 mt

0 mt

GWP (CO2)

1.48 kg

1.79 kg

2.68 kg

-0.0156 kg

AP (SO2)

0.00728 kg

0.00728 kg

0.0100 kg

-0.000117 kg

EP (N)

0.000216 kg

0.00029 kg

0.000509 kg

-0.00000702 kg

POCP (O3)

0.0586 kg

0.0892 kg

0.143 kg

-0.00266 kg

ADPf

16,500 MJ

20,000 MJ

29,600 MJ

-125 MJ

Looking at all three products input and output flows using the US EPAs TRACI 2.1 methodology, the EPD shows the overall impact of the galvanizing process is minimal in comparison to the raw materials supply. In each of the three products, the hot-dip galvanized coating application accounts for no more than 15% of the total energy or impact, and in the case of HSS, the HDG is no more than 10%. To view the full EPD, please visit galvanizeit.org/epd.