Smaller animals like insects, frogs and mice might consider the spider as their enemy no 1 – but do the spiders have enemies of their own? Yes, smaller predators that are searching the ground for food such as the coati will gladely dine on a tarantula.
The most notorious of the spider antagonists are probably the tarantula hawk, a large wasp. They capture the spider by injecting them with a paralyzing venom and the wasp drags it down to its burrow where a egg is layed on the spiders body. After the larvae emerge it begins to eat on the spider and eat its way inside the spider while its still alive.

Another animal that eats tarantulas are the centipede. The largest species, Scolopendra gigantea, grows up to 40cm.
Then of coarse, probably the biggest threat to spiders are mankind. Deforestation are one reason that several species of animals face a possible extinction. Collecting tarantulas for the pet market could have a serious effects on local populations but there are no real research to prove it. At this moment the only theraphosids on the CITES list are Brachypelma sp. and a few Aphonopelma sp. A number of Poecilotheria sp. are threatened by deforestation such as Poecilotheria hanumavilasumica Smith, 2004¹