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NEW YORK — Bernard Madoff could be facing his final hours of freedom after acknowledging that he will plead guilty to charges that he engineered one of the largest investment scams in U.S. history and was ready to face a prison sentence of up to 150 years.

The revelation came Tuesday in U.S. District Court in Manhattan, where Madoff waited for more than three hours in a conference room to avoid a clash with angry investors before appearing in court for the first time in nearly two months for what was to be a routine hearing.

An attorney for the 70-year-old former Nasdaq chairman told the judge Madoff intends to plead guilty this week to all 11 felony counts, including securities fraud and perjury.

The judge will decide Thursday whether to accept the plea and, if so, whether Madoff should remain free pending sentencing in several months.

Madoff, who was wearing a bulletproof vest, is accused of running a gigantic Ponzi scheme, defrauding billions of dollars from retirees, charities, school trusts and even Holocaust survivors.

Madoff buttoned his jacket and straightened it as he rose from his seat to speak. Aside from occasionally speaking with his lawyers or writing on a sheet of paper in front of him, he looked forward.

Asked by the judge if Madoff would plead guilty Thursday, his attorney Ira Sorkin said: “I think that’s a fair expectation.” U.S. District Judge Denny Chin asked Sorkin if Madoff would plead guilty to all 11 counts.

At least 25 Madoff investors have asked to speak Thursday under provisions allowing victims of crime to appear at a plea hearing.

Chin said he would limit investors who want to speak to those who challenge whether the plea should be accepted or whether Madoff should be allowed to remain on bail.

“There is no plea bargain here. Those victims who objected to a plea bargain no longer have a reason to object,” Chin said.

Attorney Jerry Reisman, who represents more than a dozen Madoff investors, predicted the plea hearing would be “a zoo.”

“I will tell you my clients are outraged by his being able to escape with a guilty plea,” he said.

In court documents, prosecutors revealed some details of how the fraud was carried out since the 1980s, saying Madoff hired many people with little or no training or experience in the securities industry to serve as a “back office” for his investment advisory business.

Madoff generated or had employees generate “tens of thousands of account statements and other documents through the U.S. Postal Service, operating a massive Ponzi scheme,” prosecutors said.

The money wasn’t invested, but was used by Madoff, his business and others, prosecutors said.

Authorities said he confessed to his family that he had carried out a $50 billion fraud. In court documents filed Tuesday, prosecutors raised the size of the fraud to $64.8 billion.

Experts say the actual loss was more likely much less and that higher numbers reflect false profits he promised investors. So far, authorities have located about $1 billion for jilted investors.

Prosecutors reserved the right to pursue more than $170 billion in criminal forfeiture, according to court documents. That represents the total amount of money that could be connected to the fraud, not the amount stolen or lost.

In his own court filing Tuesday, Sorkin said the government’s forfeiture demand of $177 billion was “grossly overstated — and misleading — even for a case of this magnitude.”

“The purpose of this letter is not to minimize Mr. Madoff’s culpability. However, we wish to notify the court that the issues related to forfeiture, restitution and sentencing in this matter are highly complex and will require extensive time to resolve and warrant discovery to the defense,” Sorkin wrote.

Sorkin said Madoff had paid redemptions to investors, “a number likely in the billions.”

Madoff was charged with securities, investment adviser, mail and wire frauds along with money laundering, making false statements, perjury, making a false filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, theft from an Employee Benefit Plan and two counts of international money laundering.

The charges “reflect an extraordinary array of crimes committed by Bernard Madoff for over 20 years,” U.S. Attorney Lev L. Dassin said in a release. “While the alleged crimes are not novel, the size and scope of Mr. Madoff’s fraud are unprecedented.”

In addition to prison time, he said Madoff faces mandatory restitution to victims, forfeiture of ill-gotten gains and criminal fines.

He also noted that the government has not entered into any agreement with Madoff about his plea or sentencing and that the filing of the charges do not end the matter. “Our investigation is continuing,” Dassin said.