The stories behind the buildings, statues and other points of interest that make Manhattan fascinating.

Friday, April 17, 2015

The Albert Shattuck House -- No. 19 Washington Square No.

As wealthy New Yorkers established Washington Park (later
renamed Washington Square) as a refined residential neighborhood, Brooklyn
resident Henry Ibbotsen joined in.In
1835 he started construction of a brick-faced Greek Revival residence adjoining
the magnificent Federal-style mansion of George P. Rogers, built seven years
earlier.

Completed in 1836, the house was trimmed in brownstone
and featured floor-to-ceiling parlor windows, a grand stoop leading to the
entrance, and a rusticated brownstone basement.If Ibbotsen, a wealthy agent for Sheffield cutlery, ever intended to
live at No. 20 Washington Square North (later renumbered No. 19), there is no
evidence that he did so.

In 1838 Edward R. Biddle had moved in.A commission merchant, his stay in the
mansion would be brief, lasting until around 1840.He was followed by crockery merchant Henry Chauncey whose family
remained in the house until the mid-1850s.

The house became home to Morris Ketchum, a banker and
financier.With his son, Edward, he
headed the banking firm of Ketchum, Son and Company, and was a director of the
Illinois Central Railroad.He died in
the house on New Year’s Day 1880 and his funeral was held in the parlor a few days later.

Wealthy lawyer and banker Eugene Kelly, Jr. and his family followed
the Ketchum family in No. 19. He updated the house, hiring McKim, Mead
& White in 1886 to design a masonry extension at the rear.It was possibly Kelly who gave the mansion
the Italianate updates that survive today.

At some point the house received an updated entrance with foliate brackets, and Italianate stoop newels, railings and fencing. In all probability a cast iron balcony once stretched below the parlor windows.

The Kelly family was accustomed to helping strangers; not
always with a happy outcome.In 1893,
according to The Evening World, “one Thomas Welsh, was sent to the island for
forcing himself upon Mrs. Kelly, even writing her an abusive letter.”Later that year, her husband would be
ill-used by someone he tried to help.

Kelly befriended a 19-year old named Frank M. Vernon, who
then moved on.In December 1893 Kelly
received a letter from a Chicago undertaker notifying him that Vernon had died
and requesting $108 for the funeral.Kelly responded with a letter asking for details of the death, and
included the money.

On December 22 a letter arrived from A. E. Peltzer &
Co.It spoke of the deceased in glowing
terms, calling him “a remarkably bright young man, well read, etc.”It dramatically spoke of his death, “Vernon
suffered intense agony, but bore it bravely and spoke of you as his friend and
benefactor.”

The writer added that Vernon’s watch and ring were being
shipped to Kelly.The package arrived by
American Express, C.O.D. $50.After
Kelly paid the money, he found only a pack of playing cards in the box.

Frank M. Vernon’s scam would most likely have worked had he
not gotten overly-greedy.Kelly reported
the incident to police and Vernon was arrested in St. Louis in March 1894.The Evening World commented that the Kelly family "has had unpleasant experiences with swindlers they have
befriended.”

The family name scandalously appeared in the press later
that year when Eugene Kelly Jr. was arrested for a highly unseemly crime--street fighting.Around 2:00 a.m. on October 16, 1894 the
banker and Harry Andrews were taken to Jefferson Market Police Court “on
counter charges of assault.”Police
found them at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 14th Street in a slug
fest.“Neither would press the charge
and both were discharged by Justice Voorhis.”

On the whole, publicity surrounding the Kelly family was
more upstanding.Eugene Kelly, Jr. was a
subscriber to the erection of the Washington Arch in 1896; the same year that
his wife, Margaret, supported the construction of a sanitarium for the St.
Joseph’s Home for Consumptives.

Following Kelly’s death, the house sat empty for a few
years.Then, on April 24, 1901, the
New-York Tribune reported “The private dwelling house No. 19 Washington Square
North, long occupied by the late Eugene Kelly, the banker, as a home, has been
sold to Mrs. Shattuck, wife of Albert R. Shattuck, for about $65,000.”

Banker Albert Richardson Shattuck was fabulously wealthy,
having made his fortune in New Orleans.He
was married to Mary Strong, daughter of the former New York City mayor William
L. Strong.Moving into the mansion with
the childless couple was Mary’s widowed mother, Mary A. B. Strong.

The refined entertainments in the Shattuck house included a
series of three French lectures in 1902.The final lecture, held at 11:00 on the morning of March 4, was “An Hour
of French Poetry,” given by Professor Edouard Lance.

The socially correct Mary A. Born Strong was humiliated and
incensed over the actions of her son, Captain Putnam Bradlee Strong that
year.Strong resigned the United States
Army and embarked on a world-wide tour “in company with Miss Maye Yahe,” as
reported in the New-York Tribune.

Mary Augusta Yohe, known as Maye Yahe, was not only an
actress, she was a divorcee.She had
recently divorced Lord Francis Hope (who gave her the Hope Diamond).Now in June 1902 newspapers reported that
Strong had disappeared along with $100,000 worth of Maye’s jewels.

The Shattucks and Mrs. Strong were in Lenox when the
scandalous story broke.They were all
drawn into the story when his mother received a suicide note from Putnam
Strong, along with the pawn tickets for the jewelry.

Shattuck returned to New York and told a reporter that “he
could not explain the affair, and did not know where his brother-in-law had
gone.”The New-York Tribune reported “It
is understood that it was at his direction that the Pinkertons took up the
search for Strong, although they yesterday denied all connection with the
affair.”

Mary A. B. Strong would not forget her son’s unforgivable
behavior.

In the meantime, Albert Shattuck was highly interested in
the new automobiles that were taking the place of horses on the streets of
America.He became Chairman of the Good
Roads Committee of the Automobile Club of America and often spoke and wrote
articles concerning automobile safety.

The pastime nearly put Shattuck in bad standing with his
wife in September 1904.“While driving
through Springfield [Massachusetts] this morning on an automobile trip from
New-York to Boston, A. R. Shattuck, of New-York, lost a small bag containing
jewels worth several thousand dollars,” reported the New-York Tribune on
September 17.The newspaper explained “The
bag belonged to Mrs. Shattuck, and contained, among other things, her wedding
ring.”

Luckily for Shattuck, it was found by two young brothers,
sons of George P. Houghton of Springfield, who returned it.“Mr. Shattuck gave the family $300.”

A small article appeared in The Sun on December 9,
1917.It reported that “Heir looms and
jewelry, said to be worth more than $10,000, was reported to the police
yesterday as missing from the home of Albert R. Shattuck, 19 North Washington
Square…The robbery is thought to have been committed while the family was at
dinner Friday evening.”

The Shattucks were convinced they knew who the robber
was.Just after serving dinner, their
French butler, Henri Boilat, “tucked a bag under his arm and buttoned an
overcoat over his livery,” said The New York Times later.He told a female servant he was going “just
around the corner” and casually walked out of the house.He never returned, nor did the jewelry (the
value was raised to $12,000 later) including Albert Shattuck’s diamond-studded
gold pocket watch.

The theft, amounting to more than $210,000 today, was
unsettling; but Albert and Mary Shattuck had no way of knowing it was just the
foreshadowing of a horrific ordeal to come.

Albert and Mary had purchased Edith Wharton’s Lenox,
Massachusetts estate, The Mount, in 1912.It was
here, on July 27, 1921 that Mary A. Born Strong died at the age of 79.She left an estate of over $400,000 and her
hard feelings over Putnam Strong’s earlier indiscretions were reflected in her
will.A New York Times headline read “Mother’s
Will Hits At Captain Strong” and the article explained that Mary Shattuck
received about double that of her brother.

In the meantime, Henri Boilat had been living in Paris and
had become an "Apache"—the French term for a gangster.Five years later and half a world away, he
still remembered the Shattuck mansion and the loot he had so easily made off
with.On April 2, 1922 he was back.

Boilat, whose real name was Gabriel Alfone Mauray, pulled
together a group of five thugs in Paris for the sole purpose of robbing the
Washington Square house.Around
daybreak on April 2 they entered the front basement door with a passkey.Mauray knew that the servants would all be in
one spot—the servant’s dining room—at noon for lunch.He and his men hid in the basement for hours
waiting for the right time.

At noon they broke into two groups.The first group focused on the servants and
the second on the Shattucks.The New
York Times recounted the terror initially faced by the servants.

“Just as the five were seated, a door flew open and two men,
their faces concealed by black handkerchiefs with eyeholes, entered with
pistols and gave orders both in French and English for the servants to throw up
their hands and line up against the wall.”

Mary Shattuck was upstairs in her living room and Albert was
in the library.“Mrs. Shattuck saw two
masked men tiptoeing in with pistolsShe
shrieked before they could utter a threat.

“Mr. Shattuck, who is 69 years old, rushed in from the
library.The two pistols were turned on
him”

With one gun just inches from Albert Shattuck’s temple, one
of the thieves warned “We’ll kill you both if you call for help.”

The Shattucks were taken to the wine cellar where they were
bound with ropes.Before long the five
servants were with them, bound, gagged, and locked in the cellar.While the robbers ransacked the upstairs, one
of the maids was able to wriggle her hands free.The Shattuck’s doorman, Victor Tirosi, later
told police “The vault was small, dark and air-tight, so that they were gasping
for breath because of the exhaustion of air.”

The maid untied another servant and eventually all the
prisoners were loose.The butler,
Charles Zaung, was able to work the combination from the inside and open the
vault.Both the butler and doorman ran
from the back of the house to get help.

Police swarmed the house and four of the robbers ran down
the front stoop and disappeared.Large,
heavy bags filled with silver and other bulky items were abandoned on the floor
inside.The uproar drew scores of people
from Washington Square to see what was happening.All the time the fifth bandit was still in
the house.

Policeman Morris Greenburg was about three blocks away when
the last burglar headed out of the house.The crook waved a handgun at the crowd outside and they quickly made way.As he ran, he realized that Greenberg was behind
him, so he shed an overcoat weighed down by $5,000 worth of jewelry.

The robber dived into a dark cellar with Greenberg directly
behind.Eugenio Diaset, a 27-year old
French sailor, was arrested and he confessed his part in the robbery.The Times said that the jewelry recovered was
estimated to be about one-fifth of the entire haul—later estimated to be about
$80,000.

A physician was called to the Shattuck home to check on Mary
Shattuck, whose nerves were understandably shattered.Albert, now twice the victim of his former
butler, was determined that Mauray and his confederates be caught.His mission turned into an obsession and he
and Mary sailed to Paris soon after the robbery—she in an attempt to distance
herself from the Washington Square house and he in an effort to find the
robber.

Shattuck returned to New York briefly, then returned in July
to continue to spur the French police in the search for the criminal.He offered a reward of $15,000 to any
detective bringing about the arrest of Mauray, alias Boilat.Mary had remained in France, “for the reason,
it is said, that she still was too unnerved when her husband returned to this
country to go back to their Washington Square home,” explained The New York
Times on July 22, 1922.

“Mrs. Shattuck has said that she never will able able to
rest at ease in the Washington Square mansion so long as Boilat is at large,” a
family friend told a reporter.“She is
afraid that she always will suffer from the fear of the former butler coming
back and forcing her and her husband through the same ordeal that came near
causing four deaths in the last robbery.”

The Washington Square house remained closed until, one by
one, the thieves were caught and sentenced.Each received sixty years in prison, except Mauray, the ringleader, who
was sentenced to death.His term was
later commuted to life imprisonment.

It all took a dreadful toll on the Shattucks.In 1925, a year after Mauray was tried, Albert
sailed from London back to New York.Mary was in Paris.He arrived in
June and went to The Mount rather than the Washington Square house.A few weeks later he suffered a severe heart
attack.A telegram was sent to Mary who
arrived the first week of August.She
stayed at his bedside almost constantly until the afternoon of November 5, 1925
when he died.The New York Times said “Most
of Mr. Shattuck’s friends believe that the shock of the robbery at his New York
home on April 2, 1922, undermined his health and hastened his death.”It added “At the time of the robbery Mr.
Shattuck was 70 years old and it is understood that the shock of the robbery
and the subsequent strain made inroads on his health.”

As a side note, the newspaper mentioned “The Shattuck home in
Washington Square was often referred to as one of the most artistic in the city.”

Mary Shattuck retained possession of the mansion, somewhat
surprisingly, until August 1931.After
exactly three decades in the house, she sold it to the Theatre Operating
Company.In reporting the sale, The New
York Times said “The four-story, vine-clad dwelling stands as a symbol of the
past in a district which has been invaded by tall apartment houses.”Mary sold the house for $125,000—a significant
amount during the Great Depression; equivalent to about $2 million today.

Newspapers reported that “The new owners plan to hold the
property for the time being, but in some circles it was considered likely that
the land eventually would be the site of a tall residential structure.”Instead, with the repeal of Prohibition in
1933, the elegant Shattuck mansion became a nightclub—The Washington Square
Club, run by Barney Gallant.

Neighbors were not pleased.“For some time past the peace and quiet of the residents of Washington
Square North has been disturbed by the operation of the premises at 19
Washington Square North,” reported The Times on December 28, 1933, “which if
continued will cause serious damage to owners of realty property around
Washington Square North by greatly depreciating the rental value thereof.”

In January 1934 the Rhinelander Real Estate Company
purchased the house.It applied for a
restaurant and liquor license, but was refused by the State Alcoholic
Board.The company was undaunted.A week later, on February 6, The Times
reported “The former Shattuck home at 19 Washington Square North…will be
conducted, it was ascertained yesterday, as a private club for one year by
Barney Gallant.

By establishing the Washington Square Club as a private
club, the owners could circumvent the public restaurant requirements.The name was changed to the Washington Square
Restaurant.

The magnificent mansion finally met the fate of many of New York's surviving grand homes.On October 19, 1944 it was
announced that “The old Shattuck family home at 19 Washington Square North, the
scene more than two decades ago of one of the most sensational robberies in the
city’s police history, will be converted into an apartment house.”The interiors were sensitively divided to
create high-end apartments, and the Washington Square Gallery moved into the
basement level.

In the 21st century the house was purchased by
New York University and converted to the NYU Abu Dhabi Offices.Here lectures, research workshops,
exhibitions and other programs are staged as part of the NYU Abu Dhabi
Institute.

The handsome mansion is carefully maintained.Few passersby or students visiting the
building can imagine that one of the most sensational crimes in Manhattan
history played out within its walls.