The Muon (g-2) Experiment, E989 at Fermilab, will measure the muon anomalous
magnetic moment a factor-of-four more precisely than was done in E821 at the
Brookhaven National Laboratory AGS. The E821 result appears to be greater than
the Standard-Model prediction by more than three standard deviations. When
combined with expected improvement in the Standard-Model hadronic
contributions, E989 should be able to determine definitively whether or not the
E821 result is evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model. After a review
of the physics motivation and the basic technique, which will use the muon
storage ring built at BNL and now relocated to Fermilab, the design of the new
experiment is presented. This document was created in partial fulfillment of
the requirements necessary to obtain DOE CD-2/3 approval.

Neutrons produced by cosmic ray muons are an important background for
underground experiments studying neutrino oscillations, neutrinoless double
beta decay, dark matter, and other rare-event signals. A measurement of the
neutron yield in the three different experimental halls of the Daya Bay Reactor
Neutrino Experiment at varying depth is reported. The neutron yield in Daya
Bay's liquid scintillator is measured to be $Y_n=(10.26\pm 0.86)\times
10^{-5}$, $(10.22\pm 0.87)\times 10^{-5}$, and $(17.03\pm 1.22)\times
10^{-5}~\mu^{-1}~$g$^{-1}~$cm$^2$ at depths of 250, 265, and 860
meters-water-equivalent. These results are compared to other measurements and
the simulated neutron yield in Fluka and Geant4. A global fit including the
Daya Bay measurements yields a power law coefficient of $0.77 \pm 0.03$ for the
dependence of the neutron yield on muon energy.

Here we present deep (16 mumJy), very high (40 mas) angular resolution 1.14
mm, polarimetric, Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)
observations towards the massive protostar driving the HH 80-81 radio jet. The
observations clearly resolve the disk oriented perpendicular to the radio jet,
with a radius of ~0.171 arcsec (~291 au at 1.7 kpc distance). The continuum
brightness temperature, the intensity profile, and the polarization properties
clearly indicate that the disk is optically thick for a radius of R<170 au. The
linear polarization of the dust emission is detected almost all along the disk
and its properties suggest that dust polarization is produced mainly by
self-scattering. However, the polarization pattern presents a clear
differentiation between the inner (optically thick) part of the disk and the
outer (optically thin) region of the disk, with a sharp transition that occurs
at a radius of 0.1 arcsec (~170 au). The polarization characteristics of the
inner disk suggest that dust settling has not occurred yet with a maximum dust
grain size between 50 and 500 mum. The outer part of the disk has a clear
azimuthal pattern but with a significantly higher polarization fraction
compared to the inner disk. This pattern is broadly consistent with
self-scattering of a radiation field that is beamed radially outward, as
expected in the optically thin outer region, although contribution from
non-spherical grains aligned with respect to the radiative flux cannot be
excluded.

The Daya Bay Experiment consists of eight identically designed detectors
located in three underground experimental halls named as EH1, EH2, EH3, with
250, 265 and 860 meters of water equivalent vertical overburden, respectively.
Cosmic muon events have been recorded over a two-year period. The underground
muon rate is observed to be positively correlated with the effective
atmospheric temperature and to follow a seasonal modulation pattern. The
correlation coefficient $\alpha$, describing how a variation in the muon rate
relates to a variation in the effective atmospheric temperature, is found to be
$\alpha_{\text{EH1}} = 0.362\pm0.031$, $\alpha_{\text{EH2}} = 0.433\pm0.038$
and $\alpha_{\text{EH3}} = 0.641\pm0.057$ for each experimental hall.

We present measurements of the Spin Hall Effect (SHE) in AuW and AuTa alloys
for a large range of W or Ta concentrations by combining experiments on lateral
spin valves and Ferromagnetic-Resonance/spin pumping technique. The main result
is the identification of a large enhancement of the Spin Hall Angle (SHA) by
the side-jump mechanism on Ta impurities, with a SHA as high as + 0.5 (i.e
$50\%$) for about 10\% of Ta. In contrast the SHA in AuW does not exceed + 0.15
and can be explained by intrinsic SHE of the alloy without significant
extrinsic contribution from skew or side-jump scattering by W impurities. The
AuTa alloys, as they combine a very large SHA with a moderate resistivity
(smaller than $85\,\mu\Omega.cm$), are promising for spintronic devices
exploiting the SHE.

Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) in interlayer exchange
coupled (IEC) Pt/Co$_{20}$Fe$_{60}$B$_{20}$(1.12
nm)/Ru/Co$_{20}$Fe$_{60}$B$_{20}$(1.12 nm) systems have been studied
theoretically and experimentally. Vibrating sample magnetometer has been used
to measure their magnetization at saturation and their interlayer exchange
coupling constants. These latter are found to be of an antiferromagnetic nature
for the investigated Ru range thickness (0.5-1 nm). Their dynamic magnetic
properties were studied using Brillouin light scattering (BLS) technique. The
BLS measurements reveal pronounced non-reciprocal spin waves propagation. In
contrast to the calculations for symmetrical IEC CoFeB layers, this
experimental nonreciprocity is Ru thickness and thus coupling strength
dependent. Therefore, to explain the experimental behaviour, a theoretical
model based on the perpendicular interface anisotropy difference between the
bottom and top CoFeB layers has been developed. We show that the Ru thickness
dependence of the spin wave non-reciprocity is well reproduced by considering a
constant iDMI and different perpendicular interfacial anisotropy fields between
the top and bottom CoFeB layers. This anisotropy difference has been confirmed
by the investigation of the CoFeB thickness dependence of effective
magnetization of Pt/CoFeB/Ru and Ru/CoFeB/MgO individual layers, where a linear
behaviour has been observed.

The Daya Bay experiment has observed correlations between reactor core fuel
evolution and changes in the reactor antineutrino flux and energy spectrum.
Four antineutrino detectors in two experimental halls were used to identify 2.2
million inverse beta decays (IBDs) over 1230 days spanning multiple fuel cycles
for each of six 2.9 GW$_{\textrm{th}}$ reactor cores at the Daya Bay and Ling
Ao nuclear power plants. Using detector data spanning effective $^{239}$Pu
fission fractions, $F_{239}$, from 0.25 to 0.35, Daya Bay measures an average
IBD yield, $\bar{\sigma}_f$, of $(5.90 \pm 0.13) \times 10^{-43}$
cm$^2$/fission and a fuel-dependent variation in the IBD yield,
$d\sigma_f/dF_{239}$, of $(-1.86 \pm 0.18) \times 10^{-43}$ cm$^2$/fission.
This observation rejects the hypothesis of a constant antineutrino flux as a
function of the $^{239}$Pu fission fraction at 10 standard deviations. The
variation in IBD yield was found to be energy-dependent, rejecting the
hypothesis of a constant antineutrino energy spectrum at 5.1 standard
deviations. While measurements of the evolution in the IBD spectrum show
general agreement with predictions from recent reactor models, the measured
evolution in total IBD yield disagrees with recent predictions at 3.1$\sigma$.
This discrepancy indicates that an overall deficit in measured flux with
respect to predictions does not result from equal fractional deficits from the
primary fission isotopes $^{235}$U, $^{239}$Pu, $^{238}$U, and $^{241}$Pu.
Based on measured IBD yield variations, yields of $(6.17 \pm 0.17)$ and $(4.27
\pm 0.26) \times 10^{-43}$ cm$^2$/fission have been determined for the two
dominant fission parent isotopes $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu. A 7.8% discrepancy
between the observed and predicted $^{235}$U yield suggests that this isotope
may be the primary contributor to the reactor antineutrino anomaly.

Fully exploiting the properties of 2D crystals requires a mass production
method able to produce heterostructures of arbitrary complexity on any
substrate, including plastic. Solution processing of graphene allows simple and
low-cost techniques such as inkjet printing to be used for device fabrication.
However, available inkjet printable formulations are still far from ideal as
they are either based on toxic solvents, have low concentration, or require
time-consuming and expensive formulation processing. In addition, none of those
formulations are suitable for thin-film heterostructure fabrication due to the
re-mixing of different 2D crystals, giving rise to uncontrolled interfaces,
which results in poor device performance and lack of reproducibility. In this
work we show a general formulation engineering approach to achieve highly
concentrated, and inkjet printable water-based 2D crystal formulations, which
also provides optimal film formation for multi-stack fabrication. We show
examples of all-inkjet printed heterostructures, such as large area arrays of
photosensors on plastic and paper and programmable logic memory devices, fully
exploiting the design flexibility of inkjet printing. Finally, dose-escalation
cytotoxicity assays in vitro also confirm the inks biocompatible character,
revealing the possibility of extending use of such 2D crystal formulations to
drug delivery and biomedical applications.

A new measurement of the reactor antineutrino flux and energy spectrum by the
Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is reported. The antineutrinos were
generated by six 2.9~GW$_{\mathrm{th}}$ nuclear reactors and detected by eight
antineutrino detectors deployed in two near (560~m and 600~m flux-weighted
baselines) and one far (1640~m flux-weighted baseline) underground experimental
halls. With 621 days of data, more than 1.2 million inverse beta decay (IBD)
candidates were detected. The IBD yield in the eight detectors was measured,
and the ratio of measured to predicted flux was found to be $0.946\pm0.020$
($0.992\pm0.021$) for the Huber+Mueller (ILL+Vogel) model. A 2.9~$\sigma$
deviation was found in the measured IBD positron energy spectrum compared to
the predictions. In particular, an excess of events in the region of 4-6~MeV
was found in the measured spectrum, with a local significance of 4.4~$\sigma$.
A reactor antineutrino spectrum weighted by the IBD cross section is extracted
for model-independent predictions.

The JAXA Hayabusa-2 mission was approved in 2010 and launched on December 3,
2014. The spacecraft will arrive at the near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu in
2018 where it will perform a survey, land and obtain surface material, then
depart in Dec 2019 and return to Earth in Dec 2020. We observed Ryugu with the
Herschel Space Observatory in Apr 2012 at far-IR thermal wavelengths, supported
by several ground-based observations to obtain optical lightcurves. We
reanalysed previously published Subaru-COMICS and AKARI-IRC observations and
merged them with a Spitzer-IRS data set. In addition, we used a large set of
Spitzer-IRAC observations obtained in the period Jan to May, 2013. The data set
includes two complete rotational lightcurves and a series of ten
"point-and-shoot" observations. The almost spherical shape of the target
together with the insufficient lightcurve quality forced us to combine
radiometric and lightcurve inversion techniques in different ways to find the
object's key physical and thermal parameters. We find that the solution which
best matches our data sets leads to this C class asteroid having a retrograde
rotation with a spin-axis orientation of (lambda = 310-340 deg; beta = -40+/-15
deg) in ecliptic coordinates, an effective diameter (of an equal-volume sphere)
of 850 to 880 m, a geometric albedo of 0.044 to 0.050 and a thermal inertia in
the range 150 to 300 Jm-2s-0.5K-1. Based on estimated thermal conductivities of
the top-layer surface in the range 0.1 to 0.6 WK-1m-1, we calculated that the
grain sizes are approximately equal to between 1 and 10 mm. The finely
constrained values for this asteroid serve as a `design reference model', which
is currently used for various planning, operational and modelling purposes by
the Hayabusa2 team.

We present a new method for interferometric imaging that is ideal for the
large fields of view and compact arrays common in 21 cm cosmology. We first
demonstrate the method with simulations for two very different low frequency
interferometers, the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) and the MIT Epoch of
Reionization (MITEoR) Experiment. We then apply the method to the MITEoR data
set collected in July 2013 to obtain the first northern sky map from 128 MHz to
175 MHz at about 2 degree resolution, and find an overall spectral index of
-2.73+/-0.11. The success of this imaging method bodes well for upcoming
compact redundant low-frequency arrays such as HERA. Both the MITEoR
interferometric data and the 150 MHz sky map are publicly available at
http://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/omniscope.html.

Galaxies at high redshifts provide a valuable tool to study cosmic dawn, and
therefore it is crucial to reliably identify these galaxies. Here, we present
an unambiguous and first simultaneous detection of both the Lyman-alpha
emission and the Lyman break from a z = 7.512+/- 0.004 galaxy, observed in the
Faint Infrared Grism Survey (FIGS). These spectra, taken with G102 grism on
Hubble Space Telescope (HST), show a significant emission line detection (6
sigma) in multiple observational position angles (PA), with total integrated
Ly{\alpha} line flux of 1.06+/- 0.12 e10-17erg s-1cm-2. The line flux is nearly
a factor of four higher than the previous MOSFIRE spectroscopic observations of
faint Ly{\alpha} emission at {\lambda} = 1.0347{\mu}m, yielding z = 7.5078+/-
0.0004. This is consistent with other recent observations implying that
ground-based near-infrared spectroscopy underestimates total emission line
fluxes, and if confirmed, can have strong implications for reionization studies
that are based on ground-based Lyman-{\alpha} measurements. A 4-{\sigma}
detection of the NV line in one PA also suggests a weak Active Galactic Nucleus
(AGN), potentially making this source the highest-redshift AGN yet found. Thus,
this observation from the Hubble Space Telescope clearly demonstrates the
sensitivity of the FIGS survey, and the capability of grism spectroscopy to
study the epoch of reionization.

Searches for a light sterile neutrino have been performed independently by
the MINOS and the Daya Bay experiments using the muon (anti)neutrino and
electron antineutrino disappearance channels, respectively. In this Letter,
results from both experiments are combined with those from the Bugey-3 reactor
neutrino experiment to constrain oscillations into light sterile neutrinos. The
three experiments are sensitive to complementary regions of parameter space,
enabling the combined analysis to probe regions allowed by the LSND and
MiniBooNE experiments in a minimally extended four-neutrino flavor framework.
Stringent limits on $\sin^2 2\theta_{\mu e}$ are set over 6 orders of magnitude
in the sterile mass-squared splitting $\Delta m^2_{41}$. The sterile-neutrino
mixing phase space allowed by the LSND and MiniBooNE experiments is excluded
for $\Delta m^2_{41} < 0.8$ eV$^2$ at 95% CL$_s$.

A measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation by the Daya Bay Reactor
Neutrino Experiment is described in detail. Six 2.9-GW$_{\rm
th}$ nuclear power reactors of the Daya Bay and Ling Ao nuclear power
facilities served as intense sources of $\overline{\nu}_{e}$'s. Comparison of
the $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ rate and energy spectrum measured by antineutrino
detectors far from the nuclear reactors ($\sim$1500-1950 m) relative to
detectors near the reactors ($\sim$350-600 m) allowed a precise measurement of
$\overline{\nu}_{e}$ disappearance. More than 2.5 million $\overline{\nu}_{e}$
inverse beta decay interactions were observed, based on the combination of 217
days of operation of six antineutrino detectors (Dec. 2011--Jul. 2012) with a
subsequent 1013 days using the complete configuration of eight detectors (Oct.
2012--Jul. 2015). The $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ rate observed at the far detectors
relative to the near detectors showed a significant deficit, $R=0.949 \pm
0.002(\mathrm{stat.}) \pm 0.002(\mathrm{syst.})$. The energy dependence of
$\overline{\nu}_{e}$ disappearance showed the distinct variation predicted by
neutrino oscillation. Analysis using an approximation for the three-flavor
oscillation probability yielded the flavor-mixing angle
$\sin^22\theta_{13}=0.0841 \pm 0.0027(\mathrm{stat.}) \pm
0.0019(\mathrm{syst.})$ and the effective neutrino mass-squared difference of
$\left|{\Delta}m^2_{\mathrm{ee}}\right|=(2.50 \pm 0.06(\mathrm{stat.}) \pm
0.06(\mathrm{syst.})) \times 10^{-3}\ {\rm eV}^2$. Analysis using the exact
three-flavor probability found ${\Delta}m^2_{32}=(2.45 \pm 0.06(\mathrm{stat.})
\pm 0.06(\mathrm{syst.})) \times 10^{-3}\ {\rm eV}^2$ assuming the normal
neutrino mass hierarchy and ${\Delta}m^2_{32}=(-2.56 \pm 0.06(\mathrm{stat.})
\pm 0.06(\mathrm{syst.})) \times 10^{-3}\ {\rm eV}^2$ for the inverted
hierarchy.

This Letter reports an improved search for light sterile neutrino mixing in
the electron antineutrino disappearance channel with the full configuration of
the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment. With an additional 404 days of data
collected in eight antineutrino detectors, this search benefits from 3.6 times
the statistics available to the previous publication, as well as from
improvements in energy calibration and background reduction. A relative
comparison of the rate and energy spectrum of reactor antineutrinos in the
three experimental halls yields no evidence of sterile neutrino mixing in the
$2\times10^{-4} \lesssim |\Delta m^{2}_{41}| \lesssim 0.3$ eV$^{2}$ mass range.
The resulting limits on $\sin^{2}2\theta_{14}$ are improved by approximately a
factor of 2 over previous results and constitute the most stringent constraints
to date in the $|\Delta m^{2}_{41}| \lesssim 0.2$ eV$^{2}$ region.

The disappearance of reactor $\bar{\nu}_e$ observed by the Daya Bay
experiment is examined in the framework of a model in which the neutrino is
described by a wave packet with a relative intrinsic momentum dispersion
$\sigma_\text{rel}$. Three pairs of nuclear reactors and eight antineutrino
detectors, each with good energy resolution, distributed among three
experimental halls, supply a high-statistics sample of $\bar{\nu}_e$ acquired
at nine different baselines. This provides a unique platform to test the
effects which arise from the wave packet treatment of neutrino oscillation. The
modified survival probability formula was used to fit Daya Bay data, providing
the first experimental limits: $2.38 \cdot 10^{-17} < \sigma_{\rm rel} < 0.23$.
Treating the dimensions of the reactor cores and detectors as constraints, the
limits are improved: $10^{-14} \lesssim \sigma_{\rm rel} < 0.23$, and an upper
limit of $\sigma_{\rm rel} <0.20$ is obtained. All limits correspond to a 95\%
C.L. Furthermore, the effect due to the wave packet nature of neutrino
oscillation is found to be insignificant for reactor antineutrinos detected by
the Daya Bay experiment thus ensuring an unbiased measurement of the
oscillation parameters $\sin^22\theta_{13}$ and $\Delta m^2_{32}$ within the
plane wave model.

Several ten $\mu$m GaN have been deposited on a silicon substrate using a
two-step hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) process. The substrates have been
covered by AlN layers and GaN nanostructures grown by plasma-assisted
molecular-beam epitaxy. During the first low-temperature (low-T) HVPE step,
stacking faults (SF) form, which show distinct luminescence lines and
stripe-like features in cathodoluminescence images of the cross-section of the
layers. These cathodoluminescence features allow for an insight into the growth
process. During a second high-temperature (high-T) step, the SFs disappear, and
the luminescence of this part of the GaN layer is dominated by the donor-bound
exciton. For templates consisting of both a thin AlN buffer and GaN
nanostructures, a silicon incorporation into the GaN grown by HVPE is not
observed. Moreover, the growth mode of the (high-T) HVPE step depends on the
specific structure of the AlN/GaN template, where in a first case, the epitaxy
is dominated by the formation of slowly growing facets, while in a second case,
the epitaxy proceeds directly along the c-axis.

This article reports an improved independent measurement of neutrino mixing
angle $\theta_{13}$ at the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment. Electron
antineutrinos were identified by inverse $\beta$-decays with the emitted
neutron captured by hydrogen, yielding a data-set with principally distinct
uncertainties from that with neutrons captured by gadolinium. With the final
two of eight antineutrino detectors installed, this study used 621 days of data
including the previously reported 217-day data set with six detectors. The
dominant statistical uncertainty was reduced by 49%. Intensive studies of the
cosmogenic muon-induced $^9$Li and fast neutron backgrounds and the
neutron-capture energy selection efficiency, resulted in a reduction of the
systematic uncertainty by 26%. The deficit in the detected number of
antineutrinos at the far detectors relative to the expected number based on the
near detectors yielded $\sin^22\theta_{13} = 0.071 \pm 0.011$ in the
three-neutrino-oscillation framework. The combination of this result with the
gadolinium-capture result is also reported.

In magnetic trilayer structures, a contribution to the Gilbert damping of
ferromagnetic resonance arises from spin currents pumped from one layer to
another. This contribution has been demonstrated for layers with weakly
coupled, separated resonances, where magnetization dynamics are excited
predominantly in one layer and the other layer acts as a spin sink. Here we
show that trilayer structures in which magnetizations are excited
simultaneously, antisymmetrically, show a spin-pumping effect roughly twice as
large. The antisymmetric (optical) mode of antiferromagnetically coupled
Ni$_{79}$Fe$_{21}$(8nm)/Ru/Ni$_{79}$Fe$_{21}$(8nm) trilayers shows a Gilbert
damping constant greater than that of the symmetric (acoustic) mode by an
amount as large as the intrinsic damping of Py ($\Delta
\alpha\simeq\textrm{0.006}$). The effect is shown equally in field-normal and
field-parallel to film plane geometries over 3-25 GHz. The results confirm a
prediction of the spin pumping model and have implications for the use of
synthetic antiferromagnets (SAF)-structures in GHz devices.

The BRAHMS collaboration has measured transverse momentum spectra of pions,
kaons, protons and antiprotons at rapidities 0 and 3 for Cu+Cu collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV. As the collisions become more central the collective
radial flow increases while the temperature of kinetic freeze-out decreases.
The temperature is lower and the radial flow weaker at forward rapidity. Pion
and kaon yields with transverse momenta between 1.5 and 2.5 GeV/c are
suppressed for central collisions relative to scaled $p+p$ collisions. This
suppression, which increases as the collisions become more central is
consistent with jet quenching models and is also present with comparable
magnitude at forward rapidity. At such rapidities initial state effects may
also be present and persistence of the meson suppression to high rapidity may
reflect a combination of jet quenching and nuclear shadowing. The ratio of
protons to mesons increases as the collisions become more central and is
largest at forward rapidities.

Swiss cheese sets are compact subsets of the complex plane obtained by
deleting a sequence of open disks from a closed disk. Such sets have provided
numerous counterexamples in the theory of uniform algebras. In this paper, we
introduce a topological space whose elements are what we call "abstract Swiss
cheeses". Working within this topological space, we show how to prove the
existence of "classical" Swiss cheese sets (as discussed in a paper of
Feinstein and Heath from 2010) with various desired properties.
We first give a new proof of the Feinstein-Heath classicalisation theorem. We
then consider when it is possible to "classicalise" a Swiss cheese while
leaving disks which lie outside a given region unchanged. We also consider sets
obtained by deleting a sequence of open disks from a closed annulus, and we
obtain an analogue of the Feinstein-Heath theorem for these sets. We then
discuss regularity for certain uniform algebras. We conclude with an
application of these techniques to obtain a classical Swiss cheese set which
has the same properties as a non-classical example of O'Farrell (1979).

This work is on the Physics of the B Factories. Part A of this book contains
a brief description of the SLAC and KEK B Factories as well as their detectors,
BaBar and Belle, and data taking related issues. Part B discusses tools and
methods used by the experiments in order to obtain results. The results
themselves can be found in Part C.
Please note that version 3 on the archive is the auxiliary version of the
Physics of the B Factories book. This uses the notation alpha, beta, gamma for
the angles of the Unitarity Triangle. The nominal version uses the notation
phi_1, phi_2 and phi_3. Please cite this work as Eur. Phys. J. C74 (2014) 3026.

The magnetic properties of CaCo$_{2}$As$_{2}$ single crystal was
systematically studied by using dc magnetization and magnetic torque
measurements. A paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition occurs at $T_N$ =
74 K with Co spins being aligned parallel to the c axis. For $H \parallel c$, a
field-induced spin-flop transition was observed below $T_N$ and a magnetic
transition from antiferromagnetic to paramagnetic was inferred from the
detailed analysis of magnetization and magnetic torque. Finally, we summarize
the magnetic phase diagram of CaCo$_{2}$As$_{2}$ based on our results in the
\emph{H-T} plane.

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is proposed to determine
the neutrino mass hierarchy using an underground liquid scintillator detector.
It is located 53 km away from both Yangjiang and Taishan Nuclear Power Plants
in Guangdong, China. The experimental hall, spanning more than 50 meters, is
under a granite mountain of over 700 m overburden. Within six years of running,
the detection of reactor antineutrinos can resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy
at a confidence level of 3-4$\sigma$, and determine neutrino oscillation
parameters $\sin^2\theta_{12}$, $\Delta m^2_{21}$, and $|\Delta m^2_{ee}|$ to
an accuracy of better than 1%. The JUNO detector can be also used to study
terrestrial and extra-terrestrial neutrinos and new physics beyond the Standard
Model. The central detector contains 20,000 tons liquid scintillator with an
acrylic sphere of 35 m in diameter. $\sim$17,000 508-mm diameter PMTs with high
quantum efficiency provide $\sim$75% optical coverage. The current choice of
the liquid scintillator is: linear alkyl benzene (LAB) as the solvent, plus PPO
as the scintillation fluor and a wavelength-shifter (Bis-MSB). The number of
detected photoelectrons per MeV is larger than 1,100 and the energy resolution
is expected to be 3% at 1 MeV. The calibration system is designed to deploy
multiple sources to cover the entire energy range of reactor antineutrinos, and
to achieve a full-volume position coverage inside the detector. The veto system
is used for muon detection, muon induced background study and reduction. It
consists of a Water Cherenkov detector and a Top Tracker system. The readout
system, the detector control system and the offline system insure efficient and
stable data acquisition and processing.

In this note, we consider preconditioned Krylov subspace methods for discrete
fluid-structure interaction problems with a nonlinear hyperelastic material
model and covering a large range of flows, e.g, water, blood, and air with
highly varying density. Based on the complete $LDU$ factorization of the
coupled system matrix, the preconditioner is constructed in form of
$\hat{L}\hat{D}\hat{U}$, where $\hat{L}$, $\hat{D}$ and $\hat{U}$ are proper
approximations to $L$, $D$ and $U$, respectively. The inverse of the
corresponding Schur complement is approximated by applying one cycle of a
special class of algebraic multigrid methods to the perturbed fluid
sub-problem, that is obtained by modifying corresponding entries in the
original fluid matrix with an explicitly constructed approximation of the exact
perturbation coming from the sparse matrix-matrix multiplications.