1 - Which of the following statements regarding adolescent NAFL is most correct?

A - Prevalence of NAFL in adolescents based on previous reports is in the range of 10?20%

B - NAFL is a benign condition in adolescents.

C - Liver enzymes are same in male and female adolescents with NAFL.

D - Development of NAFL in adolescence is often associated with type 2 diabetes

2 - Considering sources of fructose in this study’s adolescent cohort, reducing intakes of which of the following could be the most effective way to decrease excess fructose in their diets?

A - Fruit juice

B - Fruit

C - Sugar-sweetened (non-diet) soft drinks

D - Biscuits, cakes and sweets

3 - Which of the following best summarizes the metabolism of fructose compared to glucose after a meal?

A - Fructose is mostly metabolized in the liver whereas glucose is metabolized in other tissues as well.

B - Both fructose and glucose are solely metabolized in the liver

C - Glucose is metabolized in the liver but most fructose is metabolized by fat cells

D - Fructose is directly converted to uric acid in the liver whereas glucose is not.

4 - Which of the following best describes the current understanding of the relationship between obesity and adolescent NAFL?

A - NAFL always develops in those adolescents who are obese

B - Excess adiposity and fructose intake are risk factors for NAFL

C - Underweight and normal weight adolescents do not develop NAFL

D - Total sugar intake is the only factor involved in the development of NAFL

5 - Whole cow milk?based formulas (CMF) contain proteins in the range of 14 kD (??lactalbumin) to 67 kD (bovine serum albumin). What is the difference between a pHF and an extensively?hydrolysate formula (eHF)?

A - pHF contain reduced oligopeptides that have a molecular weight of generally < 5 kD. Peptides in eHF have, in >90%, a molecular weight of <3 kD. Both pHFs and eHFs consist of a wide range of peptide sizes.