The genius of Archimedes-- 23 centuries of influence on mathematics, science and engineering : Proceedings of an International Conference held at Syracuse, Italy, June 8-10, 2010

Archimedes is held in high esteem by mathematicians, physicists and engineers as one of the most brilliant scientists of all time. These proceedings contain original, unpublished papers with the primary emphasis on the scientific work of Archimedes and his influence on the fields of mathematics, science, and engineering. There are also papers dealing with archaeological aspects and the myths and legends about Archimedes and about the Archimedes Palimpsest. Papers on the following subjects form part of the book: Hydrostatics (buoyancy, fluid pressure and density, stability of floating bodies); M.再讀一些...

The Genius of Archimedes --
23 Centuries of Influence on Mathematics, Science and Engineering; PREFACE; TABLE OF CONTENTS; 1. LEGACY AND INFLUENCE IN MATHEMATICS; AN ARCHIMEDEAN RESEARCH THEME: THE CALCULATION OF THE VOLUME OF CYLINDRICAL GROINS; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. HOW ARCHIMEDES CALCULATED THE VOLUMES OF CYLINDRICAL WEDGES; 3. GIROLAMO SETTIMO AND HIS HISTORICAL CONTEST; 4. GROINS IN SETTIMO'S TREATRISE; 5. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; ON ARCHIMEDEAN ROOTS IN TORRICELLI'S MECHANICS; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. ARCHIMEDEAN THINKING; 3. ON PROOFS; 4. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES. RATIONAL MECHANICS AND SCIENCE RATIONNELLE UNIQUE1. INTRODUCTION; 2. FROM RENAISSANCE TO THE ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE; 2.1. Simon Stevin's Wonder en is gheen Wonder; 2.2. From the Late Renaissance to Radical Enlightenment; 3. SCIENCE RATIONNELLE UNIQUE & NATURAL SHAPES; 3.1. Science Rationnelle Unique; 3.2. Universal Natural Shapes; 4. THE DIRICHLET PROBLEM FOR POISSON'S EQUATION IN A STARLIKE DOMAIN; 5. OUTLOOK; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; REFERENCES; ARCHIMEDES AND CAUSTICS: A TWOFOLD MULTIMEDIA AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. CAUSTICS; 3. COMPUTATIONAL CAUSTIC EXPLORATION. 4. EXPERIMENTAL CAUSTIC EXPLORATION5. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; ARCHIMEDES' QUADRATURES; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. THE QUADRATURE AND THE METHOD: SOME FEATURES OF THE TWO TREATISES; 3. THE QUADRATURES OF THE PARABOLIC SEGMENT: A HISTORIOGRAPHICAL DISCUSSION; REFERENCES; ON ARCHIMEDES' PURSUIT CONCERNING GEOMETRICAL ANALYSIS; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. PAPPUS' DISCUSSION OF GEOMETRICAL ANALYSIS; 3. GEOMETRICAL ANALYSIS IN ARCHIMEDES; 4. A CONJECTURE ON THE MISSING ANALYSIS OF PROBLEM 4 OF ARCHIMEDES' ON THE SPHERE AND CYLINDER, II; 5. CONCLUSION; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; REFERENCES. 2. LEGACY AND INFLUENCE IN ENGINEERING AND MECHANISMS DESIGNSIMON STEVIN AND THE RISE OF ARCHIMEDEAN MECHANICS IN THE RENAISSANCE; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. THE BACKGROUND; 3. THE SCIENCE OF WEIGHTS: DEFINITIONS AND POSTULATES; 4. THE SCIENCE OF WEIGHTS: THE FIRST PROPOSITIONS; 5. THE SCIENCE OF WEIGHTS: THE LAW OF THE LEVER AND THE LAW OF THE INCLINED PLANE; 6. STEVIN: FROM THE SCIENCE OF WEIGHTS TO THE PRINCIPLES OF THE ART OF WEIGHING AND THE PRACTICE OF WEIGHING; 7. THE GENESIS OF STEVIN'S STATICS; 8. STEVIN'S TREATMENT OF THE INCLINED PLANE: THE CRUCIAL PROOF. 9. THE PRINCIPLES OF THE ART OF WEIGHING10. A REMARK ON THE PRACTICE OF WEIGHING; 11. STEVIN'S ANALYSIS OF WINDMILLS; 12. CALCULATION OF THE WIND PRESSURE WITHOUTKNO WLEDGE OF AERODYNAMICS; 13. A BRILLIANT NEW DESIGN?; 14. HOW SUCCESSFUL WAS THE NEW DESIGN?; 15. CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; ARCHIMEDES' CANNONS AGAINST THE ROMAN FLEET?; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. A RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ARCHIMEDES' STEAM CANNON; 3. ROUGH EVALUATION OF ENERGIES AND TRAJECTORIES; 3.1. The Projectile Muzzle Energy; 3.2. The Projectile Trajectory; 4. CONCLUSIONS; 5. APPENDIX; REFERENCES.

摘要：

Archimedes is regarded as one of the most brilliant scientists of all time. These proceedings contain original, unpublished papers with the primary emphasis on the scientific work of Archimedes and his extensive influence.再讀一些...