26 U.S. Code § 1223 - Holding period of property

(1)In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held property received in an exchange, there shall be included the period for which he held the property exchanged if, under this chapter, the property has, for the purpose of determining gain or loss from a sale or exchange, the same basis in whole or in part in his hands as the property exchanged, and, in the case of such exchanges after March 1, 1954, the property exchanged at the time of such exchange was a capital asset as defined in section
1221 or property described in section
1231. For purposes of this paragraph—

(A)an involuntary conversion described in section
1033 shall be considered an exchange of the property converted for the property acquired, and

(B)a distribution to which section
355 (or so much of section
356 as relates to section
355) applies shall be treated as an exchange.

(2)In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held property however acquired there shall be included the period for which such property was held by any other person, if under this chapter such property has, for the purpose of determining gain or loss from a sale or exchange, the same basis in whole or in part in his hands as it would have in the hands of such other person.

(3)In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities the acquisition of which (or the contract or option to acquire which) resulted in the nondeductibility (under section
1091 relating to wash sales) of the loss from the sale or other disposition of substantially identical stock or securities, there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities the loss from the sale or other disposition of which was not deductible.

(4)In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or rights to acquire stock received on a distribution, if the basis of such stock or rights is determined under section
307 (or under so much of section
1052(c) as refers to section 113(a)(23) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939), there shall (under regulations prescribed by the Secretary) be included the period for which he held the stock in the distributing corporation before the receipt of such stock or rights upon such distribution.

(5)In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities acquired from a corporation by the exercise of rights to acquire such stock or securities, there shall be included only the period beginning with the date on which the right to acquire was exercised.

(6)In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held a residence, the acquisition of which resulted under section
1034 (as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997) in the nonrecognition of any part of the gain realized on the sale or exchange of another residence, there shall be included the period for which such other residence had been held as of the date of such sale or exchange. For purposes of this paragraph, the term “sale or exchange” includes an involuntary conversion occurring after December 31, 1950, and before January 1, 1954.

(7)In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held a commodity acquired in satisfaction of a commodity futures contract (other than a commodity futures contract to which section
1256 applies) there shall be included the period for which he held the commodity futures contract if such commodity futures contract was a capital asset in his hands.

(8)Any reference in this section to a provision of this title shall, where applicable, be deemed a reference to the corresponding provision of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, or prior internal revenue laws.

(9)In the case of a person acquiring property from a decedent or to whom property passed from a decedent (within the meaning of section
1014(b)), if—

(A)the basis of such property in the hands of such person is determined under section
1014, and

(B)such property is sold or otherwise disposed of by such person within 1 year after the decedent’s death,

then such person shall be considered to have held such property for more than 1 year.

(10)If—

(A)property is acquired by any person in a transfer to which section
1040 applies,

(B)such property is sold or otherwise disposed of by such person within 1 year after the decedent’s death, and

(C)such sale or disposition is to a person who is a qualified heir (as defined in section
2032A(e)(1)) with respect to the decedent,

then the person making such sale or other disposition shall be considered to have held such property for more than 1 year.

(11)In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held qualified replacement property (within the meaning of section
1042(b)) the acquisition of which resulted under section
1042 in the nonrecognition of any part of the gain realized on the sale of qualified securities (within the meaning of section
1042(b)), there shall be included the period for which such qualified securities had been held by the taxpayer.

(12)In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held property the acquisition of which resulted under section
1043 in the nonrecognition of any part of the gain realized on the sale of other property, there shall be included the period for which such other property had been held as of the date of such sale.

(13)Except for purposes of sections
1202(a)(2),
1202(c)(2)(A),
1400B(b), and
1400F(b), in determining the period for which the taxpayer has held property the acquisition of which resulted under section
1045 or
1397B in the nonrecognition of any part of the gain realized on the sale of other property, there shall be included the period for which such other property has been held as of the date of such sale.

(14)If the security to which a securities futures contract (as defined in section
1234B) relates (other than a contract to which section
1256 applies) is acquired in satisfaction of such contract, in determining the period for which the taxpayer has held such security, there shall be included the period for which the taxpayer held such contract if such contract was a capital asset in the hands of the taxpayer.

(15) Cross reference.—

For special holding period provision relating to certain partnership distributions, see section
735(b).

Section 113(a)(23) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, referred to in par. (4), was classified to section 113(a)(23) of former Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Section
113 was repealed by section
7851(a)(1) of this title. For table of comparisons of the 1939 Code to the 1986 Code, see Table I preceding section
1 of this title. See, also, section
7851(e) of this title for provision that references in the 1986 Code to a provision of the 1939 Code, not then applicable, shall be deemed a reference to the corresponding provision of the 1986 Code, which is then applicable.

The date of the enactment of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997, referred to in par. (6), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 105–34, which was approved Aug. 5, 1997.

The Internal Revenue Code of 1939, referred to in par. (8), is act Feb. 10, 1939, ch. 2, 53 Stat. 1, as amended. Prior to the enactment of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954], the 1939 Code was classified to former Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. For table of comparisons of the 1939 Code to the 1986 Code, see Table I preceding section
1 of this title.

Amendments

2005—Pars. (3) to (16). Pub. L. 109–135redesignated pars. (4) to (16) as (3) to (15), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held stock or securities received upon a distribution where no gain was recognized to the distributee under section
1081(c) (or under section 112(g) of the Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 818, or the Revenue Act of 1932, 48 Stat. 705), there shall be included the period for which he held the stock or securities in the distributing corporation before the receipt of the stock or securities on such distribution.”

2004—Pars. (10) to (17). Pub. L. 108–357redesignated pars. (11) to (17) as (10) to (16), respectively, and struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held trust certificates of a trust to which subsection (d) ofsection
1246 applies, or the period for which the taxpayer has held stock in a corporation to which subsection (d) ofsection
1246 applies, there shall be included the period for which the trust or corporation (as the case may be) held the stock of foreign investment companies.”

2000—Par. (15). Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(7) [title I, § 116(b)(2)], amended par. (15) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (15) read as follows: “In determining the period for which the taxpayer has held property the acquisition of which resulted under section
1045 in the nonrecognition of any part of the gain realized on the sale of other property, there shall be included the period for which such other property has been held as of the date of such sale.”

Amendment by Pub. L. 109–135effective as if included in the provisions of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, Pub. L. 109–58, to which it relates, but not applicable with respect to any transaction ordered in compliance with the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 (15 U.S.C. 79 et seq.) before its repeal, see section 402(m) ofPub. L. 109–135, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 2005 Amendments note under section
23 of this title.

Effective Date of 2004 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 108–357applicable to taxable years of foreign corporations beginning after Dec. 31, 2004, and to taxable years of United States shareholders with or within which such taxable years of foreign corporations end, see section 413(d)(1) ofPub. L. 108–357, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 2004 Amendments note under section
1 of this title.

Amendment by section 5001(a)(5) ofPub. L. 105–206effective Jan. 1, 1998, see section 5001(b)(2) ofPub. L. 105–206, set out as a note under section
1 of this title.

Amendment by section 6005(d)(4) ofPub. L. 105–206effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provisions of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997, Pub. L. 105–34, to which such amendment relates, see section 6024 ofPub. L. 105–206, set out as a note under section
1 of this title.

Effective Date of 1997 Amendment

Amendment by section 312(d)(9) ofPub. L. 105–34applicable to sales and exchanges after May 6, 1997, with certain exceptions, see section 312(d) ofPub. L. 105–34, set out as a note under section
121 of this title.

Amendment by section 313(b)(2) ofPub. L. 105–34applicable to sales after Aug. 5, 1997, see section 313(c) ofPub. L. 105–34, set out as a note under section
1016 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–647effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, Pub. L. 99–514, to which such amendment relates, see section 1019(a) ofPub. L. 100–647, set out as a note under section
1 of this title.

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by section 541(b)(1) ofPub. L. 98–369applicable to sales of securities in taxable years beginning after July 18, 1984, see section 541(c) ofPub. L. 98–369, set out as an Effective Date note under section
1042 of this title.

Amendment by section 1001(b)(14) ofPub. L. 98–369applicable to property acquired after June 22, 1984, and before Jan. 1, 1988, see section 1001(e) ofPub. L. 98–369, set out as a note under section
166 of this title.

Effective Date of 1983 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–448effective, except as otherwise provided, as if it had been included in the provision of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981, Pub. L. 97–34, to which such amendment relates, see section 109 ofPub. L. 97–448, set out as a note under section
1 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment and Revival of Prior Law

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–223(repealing section 702(c)(5) ofPub. L. 95–600and the amendments made thereby, which had amended this section) applicable in respect of decedents dying after Dec. 31, 1976, and except for certain elections, this title to be applied and administered as if those repealed provisions had not been enacted, see section 401(b), (e) ofPub. L. 96–223, set out as a note under section
1023 of this title.

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–600to take effect as if included in the amendments and additions made by, and the appropriate provisions of Pub. L. 94–455, see section 702(c)(10) ofPub. L. 95–600, set out as a note under section
1014 of this title.

Effective Date of 1976 Amendment

Pub. L. 94–455, title XIV, § 1402(b)(1),Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1731, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective with respect to taxable years beginning in 1977.

Pub. L. 94–455, title XIV, § 1402(b)(2),Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1732, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1977.

Effective Date of 1970 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 91–614applicable with respect to decedents dying after Dec. 31, 1970, see section 101(j) ofPub. L. 91–614, set out as a note under section
2032 of this title.

Effective Date of 1962 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 87–834applicable with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1962, see section 14(c) ofPub. L. 87–834, set out as a note under section
312 of this title.

Repeals

Pub. L. 95–600, § 702(c)(5), cited as a credit to this section, and the amendments made thereby, were repealed by Pub. L. 96–223, title IV, § 401(a),
94 Stat. 299, resulting in the text of this section reading as it read prior to enactment of section
702(c)(5). See Effective Date of 1980 Amendment and Revival of Prior Law note set out above.

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