Packaging TeX Live takes a lot of work, so the latest version is
often not packaged. However, the world of TeX changes slowly, so this
shouldn't be a problem for most users. However, if you really want or
need vanilla TeX Live, we provide instructions
to integrate it with Debian.

Installing the Debian/Ubuntu packages

To install the Debian/Ubuntu packages, just install the
package texlive, e.g. from the Software Center or synaptic,
or with the command:

apt-get install texlive

This will install texlive-latex-recommended, texlive-fonts-recommended,
texlive-latex-base and texlive-base. You can go on and install
additional packages (e.g. texlive-latex-extra) and additional languages
(e.g. texlive-lang-german).

If you want to have a system closely mirroring a TeX Live DVD,
install the package texlive-full, which pulls in the full set
of TeX Live packages.

Integrating vanilla TeX Live with Debian

To install vanilla TeX Live so that it replaces the Debian
packages, perform the following steps:

At the step "edit texlive-local", edit the Maintainer field and the
list of the packages provided by your local TeX Live installation as
appropriate. If you installed scheme-full except
collection-texinfo as recommended, the file should look like
the following example file
for TL 2014.
For older releases use one of the following examples files:
for TL 2013,
for TL 2011.

Thanks

I would like to thank Frank Küster, Sebastian Rahtz and Karl Berry
for their support.