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UNIVERSE AND
LIFE ORIGINATED FROM GRAVITATIONAL ETHER

* Abstract

Einstein's
theory of gravitational ether is a basis for a simple understanding of
the interaction between matter and universal space as well as the evolution
of life.

* Introduction

One of
the main questions of cosmology is: where does matter come from in the
inflation phase of the big bang and where does it go when it disappears
at the center of black holes. According to Stephen Hawking, in the
inflation phase the energy of matter that is positive and the gravitational
energy which is negative are multiplied. Its sum always remains zero:
E matter (Em) + E gravitational (Eg) = 0. In a similar way as (-1) + (1)
= 0, (-2) + (2) = 0, (-3) + (3) = 0 (1).

Describing
the energy of matter as positive, the energy of gravitation as negative
and explaining the inflation phase with the equations above does not answer
the question of the appearance of matter. Equations that function
in mathematics do not necessarily function in physics. Mathematics
only
describes reality and can not explain it. Einstein says: "As far
as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain;
and
as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality" (2).

Discussion
Einstein's idea was that cosmic space can not be imagined without the existence
of gravitational ether: "Recapitulating, we may say that according to the
general theory of relativity space is endowed with physical qualities;
in this sense, therefore, there exists an ether. According to the
general theory of relativity space without ether is unthinkable; for in
such space there not only would be no propagation of light, but also no
possibility of existence for standards of space and time (measuring rods
and clocks), nor therefore any space-time intervals in the physical sense. But this ether may not be thought of as endowed with the quality characteristic
of ponderable media, as consisting of parts which may be tracked through
time. The idea of motion may not be applied to it" (3).

Interaction
between matter and gravitational ether can be described with the roundness
of Riemann's four-dimensional geometry. The bigger the star is, the
rounder the space around it is, and the higher the density of gravitational
ether. In the center of the black hole density, pressure and temperature
are infinite. All atomic and subatomic particles disintegrate into
gravitational energy.

In singularity
of the black hole only gravitational ether persists. As physical
circumstances are infinite gravitational ether can not be built up out
of same "particles" as ponderable matter is. Gravitational ether
is another type of energy that can not be described with terms as "movement"
and "entropy". Considering the first law of thermodynamic gravitational
ether is the energy in its purest form, never created and never destroyed,
unchangeable, without entropy. Its only characteristic is density
that in General Relativity is described as roundness of cosmic space.

Einstein
says: "Now it appears that space will have to be regarded as a primary
thing and that matter is derived from it, so to speak, as a secondary result. Space is now having its revenge, so to speak, and is eating up matter" (4). According to Einstein's idea above in the big bang matter appears from
gravitational ether and in black holes matter disappears back into it.

In the
universe energy is constantly circulating, it is never created or destroyed.
The amount of gravitational energy and the energy of matter is constant:

E gravitational
(Eg) + E matter (Em) = E constant (Ek).

In the
first moment after the big bang Em = 0, Eg = Ek. In the subsequent
moments of the inflation phase Eg is structured into Em, and the transformation
is over when Eg and Em are balanced: Eg = Em (Eg = Ek/2, Em = Ek/2). With
the
formation of black holes, when the transformation of Em into Eg starts,
Em is falling towards zero (Em --> 0), Eg is rising towards Ek (Eg -->
Ek) (5).

The density
of gravitational ether is increasing with the disintegration of matter
into it. This process increases the gravitational forces between
the galaxies, the speed of the expansion of the universe slows down. At a certain point the expansion stops and the universe starts to collapse
in an enormous black hole that explodes into a new big bang where gravitational
ether transforms back into matter.

The energy
of matter and gravitational energy are in a permanent dynamic equilibrium. Big bangs are cyclic, the universe is a self-renewing system. It has no
beginning
and no end. The increase of the entropy of matter after the big bang
is only temporary. In black holes the energy of matter disintegrates
back into pure unstructured gravitational energy that has no entropy.

Pressure,
temperature and density in singularity of the big bang and black holes,
have infinite values. The physical circumstances of transformation
"gravitational ether --> matter" and back are infinite. This presents
one of the matters that create difficulties in the unification of General
Relativity and Quantum Mechanics.

Experiments
in weightlessness show that functioning of organisms is related with the
changes
of the strength of gravitational field, with the other words, of
the density of gravitational ether.

Space
flight induces a cephalad redistribution of fluid volume and blood flow
within the human body and space motion sickness, which has a problem during
first few days of space flight, could be related to these changes in fluid
status and in blood flow of the cerebrum and vestibular system (6).

In weightlessness
there is a decreased activity of spinal ganglia neurons of the hypothalamic
nuclei producing arginine, vasopressin and growth hormone releasing factor. Structural changes of the somatosensory cortex and spinal ganglia suggest
a decreased afferant flow to the somatosensory cortex in microgravity. The results characterize the mechanisms of structural adaptation to a decreased
afferent flow in microgravity by the neurons in the hemisphere cortex and
brain stem nuclei. So, under microgravity there is a neuron hypoactivity (7).

Microgravity
has
a direct influence on bone fracture healing because of poor production
of bone callus in microgravity: there is an increase volume of osteoid
and
a decrease in the number and activity of osteoblasts (8).

Experiments
with Lumbricus Teresticus have shown that the weight of a worm is greater
when alive than when it is dead. Gravitational ether is denser around
living organisms than around dead ones. For a living organism to
function additional density of gravitational ether is needed (9).

Duncan
MacDougall experiments have shown decreasing of the man's weight at the
time of death; density of gravitational ether is stronger on the living
man than on the same dead one (10).

All events
in the universe including evolution are happening in gravitational ether. Gravitational ether can be described as a four-dimensional reality in which
three-dimensional material objects are floating. Gravitational ether
do not finishes at the surface of an object or living organism, its also
extends inside of it.

As gravitational
ether has no entropy matter has a permanent tendency to evolve in living
organisms with higher organization. Gravitational ether is an universal
force that creates life. The evolution of life can be described as
a
cosmic negantropic process in which the entropy of living matter decreases
towards a state of non entropy of gravitational ether.

This idea
is supported by the fact that the whole universe is in a state of chemical
evolution. In all observable cosmic space basic organic molecules
that are necessary
for the development of life have been discovered.

On the planets similar to our planet chemical evolution continues into
biological evolution. In the universe there are many planets with
solar systems similar to ours. Life could also develop there. Universe
is physically homogeneous, circumstances for life to develop are same in
the whole universe. Evolution of life on the planet Earth can be
understood as a part of an universal process.

There
are some hints that life could have been brought to earth from elsewhere
in our solar system or even galaxy. Life tends towards more complexity
but Homo Sapiens is not the pride of creation but rather an accident in
evolution. Humans may disappear as they have come but evolution will
continue. Life as such is not an accident but a function of our universe (11).

* Conclusion

The Universe
is composed of one type of energy. When this energy is structured
it appears as matter, when it is unstructured it appears as the gravitational
ether that cosmic space is made of. Gravitational ether is essential
for
living organisms to function and for life to evolve.

10. Duncan
MacDougall, M.D. 1907, 'Hypothesis Concerning Soul Substance Together with Experimental
Evidence of The Existence of Such Substance', American Medicine, April.

11. Stephan
Krall, 2002, Life and Light, Network, Journal of Scientific And Medical
Network, Number 78.

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