Presentation on San Joaquin Valley Growth and Air Quality Impactsand Petition for a Valley-wide EIR.

RECOMMENDATION

None. This is a status report.

DISCUSSION

The eight counties in the San Joaquin Valley Air Basin areexperiencing economic, population, and industrial growth. Airpopulation emissions associated with this growth are hinderingefforts to attain and maintain ambient air quality standards,particularly for ozone, carbon monoxide (CO), and particulatematter (PM10). The presentation examines the meteorology of theValley; existing air quality; existing and future economic,population and industrial development; mobile and non-mobileemissions increase; and efforts being made to reduce emissionsand air quality impacts. Following the presentation, a panel ofrepresentatives of local government, industry and the public willdiscuss the air quality situation and options for future actions.

The Board will also consider a petition received from localenvironmental groups for an EIR which addresses the Valley-wideand cumulative environmental impacts of all new stationarysources. The Board is not legally required to prepare an EIRsince there is no "project" within the meaning of CEQA whichrequires Board approval.

Meteorology and Air Pollution Potential-The meteorology of theValley is conducive to trapping air pollutants in highconcentrations. Transport of pollutants into and out of thebasin is recognized, but more information is needed to determinethe magnitude of transport and how it affects concentrations ofpollution in the Valley.

Current Air Quality-Currently, air pollution in the Valleyviolates ambient air quality standards for ozone and PM10, and inurban areas, for CO. Staff will be presenting air quality andemission trends for the years 1975 and 1987.

Current Economy and Projected Economic, Population and IndustrialGrowth-The San Joaquin Valley population and economy (such asemployment, value of products, and taxable sales) have beengrowing and are expected to continue growing at a rate fasterthan for the state as a whole. With growing population andeconomy, associated emissions are also increasing.

Stationary Source and Motor Vehicle Emissions Growth-Valley-wideemissions of criteria pollutants, except PM10, have beendeclining due to implementation of control measures, particularlymotor vehicle controls. By the end of the century, however,emissions from both stationary sources and motor vehicles areexpected to be increasing due to growth in the Valley. A fastgrowing category of emissions is power generating facilitiesfueled by natural gas, biomass, coal, petroleum coke, andmunicipal waste.

Progress Towards Meeting AAQS-ARB and the Districts have beenmaking efforts to reduce emissions and improve air quality in theSan Joaquin Valley. These efforts include: adoption of controlmeasures for motor vehicles and stationary sources, developingnew control measures for both HC and NOx; adoption of measures toreduce emissions from transportation and area sources; updatingKern County's federal ozone plan, and supporting and funding theSan Joaquin Valley air quality study.

Conclusions-The Valley is conducive to high concentrations of airpollutants; current air quality needs improvement; expectedgrowth in the economy and population under current regulationswill lead to an increase in emissions thus exacerbating thecurrent problem; and therefore it appears additional near termmeasures, as well as the long term measures, are needed.

ITEM NO.: 88-5-2

Update on the Demonstration Program to Control Ethanol Emissionsfrom Winery Fermentation Tanks.

RECOMMENDATION

This is a status report.

DISCUSSION

At the Air Resources Board (ARB or Board) meeting of March 27,1987, the Board approved a demonstration program that wouldaddress certain issues regarding the feasibility and cost ofethanol emission controls for winery fermentation tanks. Underthe provisions of the demonstration program, an ad hoc advisorycommittee (the Committee) was created to implement the program.

Demonstration Program-The demonstration program has two separatephases. Phase I, which began during the 1987 fermentationseason, consists of the following: (1) a pilot program toevaluate three ethanol emission control technologies (scrubbing,carbon adsorption, and catalytic incineration); (2) an evaluationof tank usage at three wineries in the Fresno area (Gallo,Christian Brothers, and Guild-Cribari); and (3) preparation ofconceptual cost estimates for the three wineries based on theresults of the pilot program and tank usage study. Phase II ofthe demonstration program which would involve testing of fullsize control equipment at an operating winery, would beginfollowing the completion of Phase I if the Committee determinesthe need for the Phase II study.

Pilot Program-The pilot program, which was conducted atCalifornia State University at Fresno, consisted of evaluationsof two red wine fermentations and two white wine fermentations. For each test, four 1,400 gallon tanks were used to ferment thewine and to test the three control units. Each of three tankswas equipped with exhaust ducting and a control device. A fourthtank did not have ducting or emission control. The ARB staffperformed emissions testing throughout the pilot plant study. The Committee reviewed the results of the pilot program andconcluded that the control units operated properly as designed,and that the quality of the wine was not affected by the presenceof a control device.

Tank Usage Study-The tank usage study consisted of site visits byARB staff to the three operating wineries in the Fresno areaduring the 1987 fermentation season to monitor tank usagepatterns, and a review of historical fermentation tank usage forthe years 1984 through 1986. The tank usage data from the studyallowed the Committee to evaluate the number of tanks that wouldhave to be ducted for each of the three wineries. The number oftanks that need to be ducted play an important role in theoverall costs for emission control.

Future Work-The Committee has decided to continue Phase I of thedemonstration program because of several issues that need to beaddressed. Issues that need further clarification are: (1)emission factors for wine fermentation; (2) efficiencies of theexhaust collection devices; and (3) the effects of foam-overs onthe collection and control systems. The Committee will addressthese issues through further pilot study using the carbonadsorption control device. The details of the additional Phase Iinvestigations will be worked out by the Committee. Uponcompletion of the additional Phase I study, the Committee willpresent to the Board a report on its findings and conclusions forPhase I.