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"When Thermus sent Caesar to Bithnyia, he wasted so much time at King Nicomedes' court that a homosexual relationship between them was suspected, and suspicion gave way to scandal when, soon after his return to headquarters, he returned to Bithynia: ostensibly collecting a debt incurred there by one of his freedmen." (The Twelve Caesars, Book 2, Penguin Classics version).

Suetonius describes ten of the twelve emperors that he writes of as being bisexual.

Hadrian loved Antinous, a young ex-slave who was famous for his beauty. In 134 A.D. Antinuous died at the age of 21 under mysterious circumstances. The 58-year-old Hadrian was so upset over Antinuous' death that he declared him a god, built a temple for him, and named an Egyptian city after him.

Tiberius, who spends most of the later years of his reign as emperor – from AD 26 to 37 – on the island of Capri, is said to have a special penchant for his spintriae (groups of young boys), with whom he surrounds himself and indulges in all manner of promiscuous behaviour. The walls of his bedrooms at Capri are reported to be decorated with various sexual acts and positions 'in case a performer should need an illustration of what [is] required'...

Nero'sreported sexual activities range from being seduced by his mother Agrippina to forcing his unwanted attentions on married women and boys. Famously, he takes two homosexual lovers, Pythagoras and Sporus, in 'marriage'. Nero is said to behave as the wife to Pythagoras and husband to Sporus, whom he has had castrated. Taken together with his 'artistic' performances when he will often take on a female part and dress accordingly, Nero's behaviour scandalises Rome and plays an important part in his downfall.

Commodusemperor from AD 180 to 192, is said to have a harem of 300 girls and the same number of boys and to put on great orgies.

But for sheer shock value, none can compare with the Syrian,Elagabalus, emperor from 218 to 222, who believes himself to be a living god.

Elagabalus is remarkable not only for being only 14 years old when he becomes absolute ruler of the Roman empire but also for his sexual activities while holding that office... shocking in the eyes of respectable Roman society is his 'marriage' to a slave named Hierocles. Elagabalus likes nothing better than to dress as a woman and go around with his 'husband', who is even encouraged to beat the emperor as if he is his real wife. Sometimes Elagabalus plays out scenes in which Hierocles finds him with another man and punishes him for his 'infidelity'.

The Romans condoned sex with captured or purchased slaves of either sex.

Since slaves formed a large part of the population in late republican and imperial times, young male bedmates were available in abundance and freely enjoyed without censure....

Homoerotic poems are part of the repertory of nearly all the major Latin love poets...

Virgil, as the author of Rome's national epic the Aeneid, ranks as Rome's greatest poet.

He is of importance for the gay literary heritage for two reasons. He wrote the most famous of Latin homoerotic poems (his second, or Corydon, eclogue) and he also made a serious attempt to introduce the heroic tradition of Greek love into Latin literature...

ForOvid, however, stories of the loves of the gods for beautiful boys were simply raw material to be exploited poetically.

As a result, Ovid was the main source for such myths in the middle ages, when he became, somewhat surprisingly, the favorite poet of Christian Europe, much admired and widely quoted and imitated in what has been called "the Age of Ovid."

...Not all the homoerotic stories of the Metamorphosis are in book ten. Book three tells the tale of Narcissus. In Ovid's version, Narcissus is loved by girls and boys, but it is specifically a boy he scorns who sets the curse on him; he falls fatally in love with another "lovely boy" when he sees his image reflected in a pool.

The Epicurean poetLucretius(94-55 B.C.E.) took it to be a self-evident law of nature that attractive adolescent males, before they grew up and began to be desired by women, should be desired by men....

The sex of one's partner could be a matter of surprising indifference.

Horace, who never married, "burned with desire, sometimes for tender boys, sometimes for girls."

Martialwrites, in the (fictive) first person singular, of penetrating males anally, penetrating females vaginally and anally, and being fellated by both male and female partners.

What mattered ... was role, age, and status.

The freeborn adult Roman who liked to copulate with males penetrated slave boys, eunuchs, and male prostitutes with as little reproach as he penetrated his female slaves, his female concubine, or female prostitutes.

In contrast, seducing a puer praetextatus, a freeborn male Roman who had not yet put on the toga virilis (this rite of passage happened at about age fifteen), was a serious offense; and fathers tried hard to protect the pudicitia (sexual modesty, chastity) of their sons. No easy task: "A handsome son," notesJuvenal, "keeps his parents in constant fear and misery, so rarely do pudicitia and good looks go together."

Nor did citizens who valued their reputations have sex with each other. For a free adult male to be penetrated anally or orally by another free adult male, by a freedman, by a boy, by a male prostitute, or by a slave was a disgrace.

Roman male homosexuality was predominantly a form of pederasty that did not exclude relationships with women and was governed by a firm distinction of role that stigmatized adult male passivity as servile and effeminate.

The contrast between Roman and Greek homosexuality is most striking in how the two societies tried to regulate the sexual relations of adult citizens and freeborn boys.

In Athens, ideally, both parties were freeborn and social equals; the tie between them was consensual; and (in some instances) educational as well as sexual.

At Rome, the typical same-sex relationship was between a citizen (active) and his adolescent slave (passive)....

Firmicus, like Ptolemy before him, recognizes all the commoner inflections of sexual taste. For example: "If Mercury and Venus are in conjunction in the 19th degree of Aries, they make the natives impure of mouth" (inpuros ore=fellators). Saturn in aspect with Venus in any way "will make the natives molles, cinaedos, men who give themselves to slavish acts." It is the celestial ambient that produces professional and amateur prostitutes, even lesbian prostitutes (mulieres vero viragines meretrices).

But what is most useful for us to retain from the ancient theorists is a renewed sense of the range of sexual categories available to Romans, of the elasticity and variety their sexual tastes, and of the candor with which they report and picture their sexual acts.

While being driven past the Theatre of Pompey, Julius Caesar was stopped by a group of Senators.

Some reports suggested Caesar was stabbed and received 23 stab wounds.

An eyewitness told the Times he saw a "flash of light" just before the death.

Two witnesses told the police they saw a white Fiat Uno.

The first coroner left his post.

The Daily Mirror published a letter in which Caesar claimed there was a plot to kill him.

The replacement coroner left his post. Then another coroner quit.

After almost six months listening to more than 250 witnesses, the final coroner told the jury in his summing up: "There is no evidence that Julius Caesar was assassinated. There is no evidence that he was killed by a group of his enemies."

The coroner set out the possible verdicts the jury could reach, but stressed: "It is not open to you to find that Julius Caesar was unlawfully killed."

He said possible verdicts included unlawful killing through gross negligence, accidental death, or an open verdict if the 11-member jury felt there was insufficient evidence to support any substantive verdict.

"Despite the large number of Zimbabweans, legally/illegally in South Africa at present, presumably as a result of being dissatisfied with Mugabe, it appears that they are not finally decided about Bob and the mob.

"During a recent phone-in program on SABC, callers were asked whom they would vote for, and the majority of them (identified as Zimbabweans) still chose Mugabe." - Your views on Zimbabwe election

3. "The trigger for Zimbabwe’s economic and financial besiegement is the decision taken by Britain’s Labour government under former prime minister Tony Blair in1997, not to support 'the package of assistance for resettlement in the period immediately following independence'...

"It is clearly feared that if Zimbabwe’s 'land grab' is emulated elsewhere in Africa, or Third World countries, or Commonwealth member states, it would threaten to shake the foundations of capitalism as understood by the Western world.

"This is rooted in bankable title deeds and the sanctity of individual property rights. However, Zimbabwe dispensed with both to achieve its 'fast track land reform programme'...

"In whose interest would Zimbabwe be destabilised?

"... US President George Bush signed into law the 'Zimbabwe Democracy and Economic Recovery Act' on December 21 2001...

"Ask yourself the question, how is it possible that Zimbabwe’s economy cannot profit from the soaring platinum, gold, uranium and coal prices, when the country is richly blessed with such strategic natural resources and many more?

"... One needs to look at the de-classified CIA documents again, how conspiring foreign international forces had undermined Ghana’s economy in 1962-1965 in order to topple President Kwame Nkrumah... - The Herald

4. 25 July 2005:

"The Chinese are widely reported to covet a stake in Zimbabwe's platinum mines, which have the world's second-largest reserves...

"China won a contract last year to farm 1,000 square kilometers, or 386 square miles, of land seized from white commercial farmers during the land-confiscation program begun by Mugabe in 2000."

There is the "possibility of a coup de etat by the army commanders in the wake of a surprise victory by the Oppostion MDC Tsavangirai party overthe ruling party Zanu PF and its presidential candidate, Robert Mugabe.

"Today's signs can be cross referenced to earlier statements made by the commander of Zimbabwe's army, General Constantine Chiwenga that 'Elections are coming and the army will not support or salute sell-outs and agents of the West before, during and after the presidential elections,...We will not support anyone other than President Mugabe who has sacrificed a lot for this country.'" - COUP plot fears mount, as election results delay.

6. "President Robert Mugabe made a down payment of US$1 million to an Israeli company with Mossad connections at the beginning of this month to help him rig the elections.

"The balance of U$1,5 million is due as soon as Mugabe has been sworn in for another term, The Zimbabwean on Sunday can reveal.

"Details of the deal were leaked to us on Friday from the president’s own office, substantiating reports by the MDC of Israeli involvement in the elections.

"Impeccable sources revealed that the spy agency had initially asked for US$3 million to secure Mugabe another term but ended up settling for US$2,5 million after negotiations with Mugabe’s emissaries, including Reserve Bank Governor Gideon Gono and CIO bosses..." - Mugabe pays US$2,5 million to rigging experts

Blair's failure in Northern ireland -"Political power in Northern Ireland now effectively belongs to a republican Tonton Macoute, and a semi-religious political sect...

"They have no consensus or programme. They spend, but they cannot rule: and meanwhile, so-called 'peace-lines', 12ft walls, have spread through Belfast like fissures in a cracked plate.

"Ten years ago there were 18 of them: now there are 40, in all, 13 miles long, keeping Catholic and Protestant not merely physically apart, but blissfully invisible to one another." - Staring into Northern Ireland's moral abyss

Scotland's energy resources -The London government "will plunder nearly £40million a year in 'windfall' profits from Scotland’s renewable energy industry...

"In a move similar to the one which saw billions of revenue from Scottish oil fields diverted to London, the Crown Estate will levy a 'stealth tax' for every megawatt generated offshore.

"It will also demand onshore power stations pay for grid connections and carbon capture facilities.

"And the Estate will charge green energy firms rent for wind and wave turbine sites and for the subsea cables needed to export electricity to England and other countries...

"The Crown Estate owns the foreshore and seabed around the UK to a distance of 12 nautical miles. It also has further rights out to the extent of Britain’s continental shelf, at 200 miles." - CHANCELLOR’S £40MILLION ENERGY RAID

Top UK policeman Mike Todd could have been saved on Snowdon, says Mountain rescue boss Peter Walker. Walker claims that a mysterious group of dark-suited men, believed to be from the security services, were seen at the bottom of Mount Snowdon after Mr Todd's body was found. A mystery Chinook helicopter appeared above the body - but could not land. -'Suicide' police chief: Why didn't they call us earlier say rescue services?

"Tehran doesn't have the military wherewithal to expel the Americans, and Washington cannot remove Iran's allies from power.The latter not only control the country's politics, but also run their own militia inside the interior and foreign ministries. Shia organisations such as the Supreme Council of the Islamic Revolution in Iraq, Al-Daawa Party, Al-Fadila Party and the Sadr current have one thing in common -- they are all loyal to Tehran." - Who's winning in Iraq?

"The United States embassy in Zimbabwe confirmed in 1999 the US was involved in obtaining a safe haven for the former Ethiopian dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam.The embassy said in a statement that then Assistant Secretary of State Hank Cohen had been involved in negotiations which resulted in Mengistu arriving in Harare in 1991." - Mengistu - the sinister power behind Mugabe's throne

The International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: area of land in Afghanistan used to cultivate opium poppies (1) year 2001 - 1,685 hectares (2) year 2002 - 30,750 hectares (3) year 2007 - 193,000 hectares. Afghanistan now produces 93% of the world's heroin.

"Last year more than a fifth of Britons avoided going out at night rather than risk encounters with a .... form of terror: groups of children. Britons are frightened of their own young...

"Violent offenses by British under-18s rose 37% in the three years to 2006...

"In 2000, Euan Blair, the son of the Prime Minister, was arrested for being 'drunk and incapable.'

"Twenty-seven teenagers were murdered in London last year by youths wielding guns or knives...

2.In FAMILIES WITHOUT FATHERHOOD, Norman Dennis & George Erdos argue that the decline of the family has led to an increase in crime.

According to a study in 2000 by the OECD, British parents spend less time with their children compared to other nationalities, 'leaving them more open to influence from their peers and a commercially driven, celebrity-obsessed media'. (Britain's Out-of-Control Kids)

In family homes, in schools, and on the street, young British yobs are being allowed to get away with it?

3. Youth crime in places like SINGAPORE, MALTA and BHUTAN used to be extremely rare.

The introduction of nasty films, and other media, has changed all that.

Crime figures in Singapore, Malta and Bhutan, although still lower than in Britain, tended to rise at the same time as horrid media material was introduced.

"Four years ago, Bhutan, the fabled Himalayan Shangri-la, became the last nation on earth to introduce television. Suddenly a culture, barely changed in centuries, was bombarded by 46 cable channels. And all too soon came Bhutan's first crime wave - murder, fraud, drug offences."http://www.guardian.co.uk/weekend/story/0,3605,975769,00.html

4. Part of the problem is the incompetent UK criminal justice system.

In Stirling, in the UK, a man caught a 10-year-old throwing stones at windows. The man hauled the kid into his girlfriend's house to tell him off. The man, not the child, was fined £250 (Daily Record 7/12/00)

The Glasgow Herald reported, "The trial of 3 men accused of assault was haulted because a signature was missing from the charge sheet..."

In THE FAILURE OF BRITAIN'S POLICE, Dennis and Erdos report that in December 2002 there were 282 robberies of personal property in Lambeth.

This figure, for one borough for one month, exceeded all robberies, personal and business, for the whole of England and Wales in any year between the two world wars, with the exception of 1932 (342) and 1938 (287).

In 1971 there were 17 reported crimes for every police officer. There are now 44.

In 1921 there were 57,000 police officers dealing with 103,000 crimes - two to each officer.

But in 2002/2003134,000 police officers had to deal with 5,899,000 crimes.

5. Think of an area where the streets are covered in discarded chewing gum, plastic bags and vomit; an area where young people commit acts of drunken vandalism. You can be pretty sure that there will be no police around. You can be pretty sure that in police HQ there will be too many middle managers and top managers sitting around drinking tea.

Now think of an area where there is a visible police presence; an area where you see your local friendly policemen on patrol.

Some of Scotland's most crime-ridden areas have seen crime rates fall by a fifth since old-fashioned police street patrols were introduced. (bobbies on the beat do cut crime)

In Glasgow, in 2007, serious assaults fell by 38 % in city-centre zones that were given extra police foot patrols at nights and weekends.

Edinburgh has seen a similar success.

Jackie Muller, secretary of the federation's Lothian and Borders branch, is quoted as saying: "My membership are telling me they would be able to give a better service to the public if they were out in the communities in which they serve."

According to The Scotsman newspaper, "much of the cost of upping front-line officer numbers in Glasgow will come from a reduction of middle-management officers, such as superintendents, at Strathclyde Police's headquarters in the city."

The Scottish Government, now run by the Scottish National Party, has said it will fund 500 additional officers, with another 500 being funded by cutting red tape and dissuading other staff from retiring.

6. The former president of Italy said that U.S. and Israeli intelligence services were behind the 9/11 attack, and that that fact is widely known by the intelligence services of all of the western nations

7. According to intelligence officials in India, Pakistan's military chief of intelligence wired $100,000 to the lead hijacker days before 9/11 (mentioned here in a news roundup). This is especially interesting because: That particular chief of intelligence was appointed to that position with the approval of the U.S., and the intelligence chief had held "consultations" with his U.S. counterparts at the CIA and the Pentagon during the week prior to September 11

"As Iceland goes, so go the Baltics, the Balkans, Hungary, Turkey, and perhaps South Africa. All are living far beyond their means, plugging the gaping holes in their accounts with fickle flows of foreign finance." - Iceland contagion may spread far and wide

"This is odd, from someone who supports the independence of Kosovo. May I remind him that 16 European countries have gained their independence since 1991.

"He states that there are no Scotland-Wales-England-only solutions to transnational challenges. Well how does the Republic of Ireland or any other independent country cope?

"Mr Brown claims there are advantages of our economic union. How does he explain the fact, that Ireland has a far greater GDP per capita and far greater ranking on the quality of life index?

"Furthermore, he states that within the UK; we share common values. How do the values of western Europe or those of Australia, New Zealand and Canada differ from the UK?

"He claims that the Union is not about partnership at the expense of pride. Though it results in Scotland being seen as a region and not a country, around the world." - THOMAS MURRAY, Cairns Crescent, Perth

2. "Gordon Brown talks of retreating into 19th-century nationalism. I would remind him that Scotland has been in retreat for the last 300 years in a provincial backwater from which it is showing signs of desiring to emerge into 21st-century national independence.

"The so-called unionist parties are getting together to talk of surveying devolution with, among other things, greater powers to raise its own finance. How they expect to reach that goal without independence I cannot see." - (REV) JAMES McL RITCHIE, Croft-an-Righ, Edinburgh

He shared his homes, first in Amersham, England, then in France with Anthony Forwood.

Dirk Bogarde's brother Gareth Van den Bogaerde 'confirmed in a 2004 interview that Bogarde was engaging in homosexual sex at a time when such acts were illegal, and also that his long-term relationship with Tony Forwood was more than simply that of a manager and friend.' [3]

In 1961, Dirk Bogarde played the part of a homosexual barrister in the film Victim.

The barrister has had a relationship with a young man. The barrister takes on a group of blackmailers and thus puts at risk his career and his marriage.

Victim helped lead to the decriminalization of male homosexuality in 1967.

Victim was not shown in many of the larger cinemas and it did put off some of Bogarde's fans. (Dirk Bogarde)

In 1963, Bogarde played the part of the rather gay valet in Joseph Losey's The Servant.

In the mid-1960s, Bogarde moved to Provence in the South of France, where he lived with Tony Forwood.

In 1971, Bogarde played the part of Aschenbach in Luchino Visconti's Death in Venice , based on Thomas Mann's novella. Aschenbach becomes obsessed with a beautiful boy.

Las Vegas means lap dancers and Mafia. Las Vegas means the Dunes Hotel, blown up using controlled implosion.Van Romero, Vice President for Research at New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, says the collapse of the TWIN TOWERS on 11/9/01 resembled those of controlled implosions used in planned demolitions. He says the detonations could have been caused by a small amount of explosive put in more than two points in each of the towers (http://eionews.addr.com/)Who blew up the DUNES Hotel in Las Vegas? It was a Maryland firm called Controlled Demolition Group.Who has the contract to clear up the mess after the attack on the World Trade Centre? It's Controlled Demolition Group.Atta and Ziad, and other 'hijackers', visited Las Vegas at least six times. There they enjoyed the charms of lap dancer Samantha (Time.com and The Chronicle). There was also drink and gambling. - Cached

"It has been well known among indigenous islanders that the most senior politicians, most senior lawyers and police 'enjoyed' an immunity from prosecution as Freemasons within the island of Jersey - the largest of the Channel Islands. Since Freemasonry and its secret rituals took over in Jersey as the only way to secure power - the link between paedophila and power has gone hand in hand." - Cached

Bennett claims that the CIA is deeply involvement with the Free Tibet Movement and funds Radio Free Asia.

Bennett writes that 'it would seem somewhat unlikely that any revolt could have been planned or occurred without the prior knowledge, and even perhaps the agreement, of the National Clandestine Service (formerly known as the Directorate of Operations) at CIA headquarters in Langley.'

According to Bennett:

1. Former senior Indian Intelligence officer, B Raman, stated on March 21 that "on the basis of available evidence, it was possible to assess with a reasonable measure of conviction" that the initial uprising in Lhasa on March 14 "had been pre-planned and well orchestrated".

2. The US government may be the main beneficiary of the Tibet unrest.

3. In 1956, the CIA began a covert action campaign against the Chinese in Tibet.

This led to an uprising in 1959 which left tens of thousands of Tibetans dead and forced Dalai Lama to flee.

4. The CIA set up a secret military training camp for Tibetan resistance fighters at Camp Hale, Colorado, in the USA.

5. The US-trained guerrillas carried out raids into Tibet, sometimes led by CIA-contract mercenaries and supported by CIA planes.

6. In the mid-1960s, the CIA set up the Chusi Gangdruk, a force of around 2,000 guerrilla fighters, at bases in Nepal. This base was closed in 1974 due to Chinese pressure on Nepal.

7. In the 1960s, the CIA began working with the Indian intelligence services in training and supplying agents in Tibet. The CIA-Indian cooperation is described in Kenneth Conboy and James Morrison book The CIA's Secret War in Tibet.

8. US support for the Tibetan guerrillas is supposed to have ended when Richard Nixon met the Chinese communist leadership in Beijing in February 1972.

9. It is rumored that the CIA were involved in the failed Tibetan revolt in October 1987.

Paul McGarr told a teachers' conference: "Personally I find it difficult to imagine any recruitment material that is not misleading. Let's just try and imagine what that recruitment material would have to say were it not to be misleading.

"We would have material from the MoD saying

'Join the army and we will send you to carry out the imperialist occupation of other people's countries. Join the Army and we will send you to bomb, shoot and possibly torture fellow human beings in other countries'.

~~

Louise Jensen

In Cyprus, in 1994, three British soldiers kidnapped, raped and murdered a girl called Louise Jensen.

On 4 hour patrol - ... found anti-aircraft gun ... Horse bit me. Found 3 Ali Babas at WTP7. Beat them up with sticks and filmed it - good day so far...

House raid, for hours, nothing found. Caught 3 Ali Babas - beat fuck out of them in back of Saxon. 1 had a punctured lung + broken ribs + fingers. 1 had a dislocated shoulder + broken fingers...

The British military have a growing reputation for behaving like Nazis.

According to some historians, Britain bears “significant responsibility” since 1945 for the direct or indirect deaths of 8.6 million to 13.5 million people throughout the world from military interventions and at the hands of regimes strongly supported by Britain. (Unpeople, Dirty Wars and a Web of Deceit – Britain’s Foreign ...)

A typical case is that of Harry Farr, who joined the British Expeditionary Force in 1914 and fought in the trenches. His position was repeatedly shelled, and in May 1915 he collapsed with strong convulsions. In hospital, his wife Gertrude—who was denied a widow's pension after the war—recalled, “he shook all the time. He couldn't stand the noise of the guns. We got a letter from him, but it was in a stranger's handwriting. He could write perfectly well, but couldn't hold the pen because his hand was shaking.”It is now thought that Farr was possibly suffering from hypacusis, which occurs when the eardrums are so damaged that the auditory nerve becomes exposed, making loud noises physically unbearable. Despite this, Farr was sent back to the front and fought at the Somme. After several months of fighting, he requested to see a medical orderly but was refused. In Farr's Court Martial papers, the Sergeant Major is quoted as saying “If you don't go up to the f*****g front, I'm going to f*****g blow your brains out” to which Farr simply replied “I just can't go on.”The Court Martial was over in 20 minutes. Harry Farr had to defend himself. General Haig signed his death warrant and he was shot at dawn on October 16, 1916.

Prior to World War II, elements of the British military were fans of Hitler.

According to Admiral Sir Barry Domville, a pre-war head of UK Naval Intelligence, Hitler was "absolutely terrific."

One of the British torture centres was at Bad Nenndorf, near Hanover. 372 men and 44 women passed through the Bad Nenndorf torture centre during the 22 months it operated before its closure in July 1947.

He describes how prisoners were systematically beaten and exposed to extreme cold; some were starved to death and, allegedly, tortured with instruments that his fellow countrymen had recovered from a Gestapo prison in Hamburg.

Many of the prisoners were simply German leftists.

Others were Germans living in the Russian zone who had crossed the line, offered to spy on the Russians, and were tortured to establish whether they were genuine defectors.

One of the men who was starved to death, Walter Bergmann, had offered to spy for the British, and fell under suspicion because he spoke Russian.

Another man who starved to death, Franz Osterreicher, had been arrested while attempting to enter the British zone in search of his gay lover.

Ingrid Groth, then a seven-year-old, said locals claimed that if you crept up to the barbed wire at night, you could hear the prisoners' screams.

The commanding officer was Robin "Tin Eye" Stephens of MI5.

The inmates were starved, woken during the night, and forced to walk up and down their cells from early morning until late at night. When moving about the prison they were expected to run, while soldiers kicked them.

Prisoners could be stripped and repeatedly doused in water. This punishment could continue for weeks, even in sub-zero temperatures.

Naked prisoners were handcuffed back-to-back and forced to stand before open windows in midwinter. Frostbite became common.

One victim of the cold cell punishment was Buttlar...an anti-Nazi, he had spent two years as a prisoner of the Gestapo.

"I never in all those two years had undergone such treatments," he said.

Reportedly, the British military also got into bed with the Nazis.

After the war, "British authorities called off the hunt for the man who organised the Nazi Holocaust just 17 months after the end of World War II, files have revealed. The files relating to Adolf Eichmann were released by The National Archives. They show that at the time the decision was made, Eichmann was hiding in the British-controlled zone of Germany. He went to Argentina in 1950." - Eichmann search was ended early

Horst Kopkow, one of Hitler’s top spies, who ordered the murders of more than 100 British secret agents in concentration camps, was spared execution as a war criminal and went to work for MI6. Evidence emerged in the 1980s that Britain had become a refuge for suspected war criminals. - http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2-1611185,00.html

According to new research, Britain bears “significant responsibility” since 1945 for the direct or indirect deaths of 8.6 million to 13.5 million people throughout the world from military interventions and at the hands of regimes strongly supported by Britain.

Curtis said he came up with the term “Unpeople” because he thought it adequately described the British government’s attitude towards people who are expendable in Britain’s pursuit of economic and political goals.“Last year,” Curtis said in a phone interview, “there was a British army officer who was quoted in Iraq as saying the Americans view the Iraqis only as Untermenschen, the Nazi concept of subhuman. In a way, the British have no real different regard for Iraqis than Americans."

Mark Curtis says that in 1971 an official British investigation found that the British army's torture techniques "played an important part in counter-insurgency operations in Palestine, Malaya, Kenya, Cyprus and the British Cameroons (1960-1), Brunei (1963), British Guiana (1964), Aden (1964-7), Borneo/Malaysia (1965-6), the Persian Gulf (1970-1) and in Northern Ireland (1971)".

In KENYA, the British used beatings, sexual humiliation, hooding, sleep deprivation, and bombarding with white noise.

32 Whites were killed by the Mau Mau during the five-year state of emergency. More whites died in traffic accidents in the capital city, Nairobi.

Kenyans were forced into concentration camps and routinely tortured. Some 150,000 Africans died as a direct result of the British policy.

There was a "constant stream of reports of brutalities by police, military and home guards", wrote Canon Bewes, a British missionary. "Some of the people had been using castration instruments and two men had died under castration."

Other brutalities included slicing off ears, boring holes in eardrums, flogging people to death, pouring paraffin over suspects and setting them alight and burning eardrums with cigarettes.

A British district officer admitted, "There was outright abuse of power and some of the crimes committed were horrific. One day six Mau Mau suspects were brought into a police station in the neighbouring district to mine. The British police inspector in charge lined them up against a wall and shot them."

A mobile gallows travelled the country. Over 1,000 were hanged, their bodies displayed at crossroads and market places.

MALAYSIA

The British used terror in Malaya.

This involved aerial bombing, massacres of villagers, dictatorial police measures and the "resettlement" of hundreds of thousands of people.

CYPRUS

During the state of emergency, from 1952 to 1957, the British army used torture.

Cypriot Nicos Koshies:

"They took me to the Special Branch and they started beating me. They took off all my clothes, they tied my hands and feet. They asked somebody to come in. He was taking a stick to put up my bottom, he was putting cloths in water and putting them on my face so I could not breathe, he threw me down and danced on my stomach when he was wearing boots. After 12 days I could not recognise myself."

James Callaghan in the House of Commons:

"On 29 June 1957 an inquest was held into the death of Nicos Georghiou. Dr Clearkin said in evidence that bruises in the head were sufficiently severe to have caused the injuries to the brain, perhaps bumping the head against a hard object."

IRAN

In 1953 a coup organised by the British and the USA overthrew Mossadeq and gave power to the Shah.

British SAS forces trained the Shah's Savak secret police.

SAS officers helped train the Iranian army in special operations against the Kurds.

The Shah's regime used torture until it was overthrown in 1979.

ADEN/SOUTH YEMEN

In Aden, later known as South Yemen, SAS squads used terror against local villages.

An official investigation found that from 1964 to 1967 detainees at a British interrogation centre were routinely tortured. Their eardrums were burst.

Others were forced to lean against walls with their fingertips for day and subjected to white noise for hours.

BAHRAIN

Former detainees in Bahrain have described being beaten, electrocuted, whipped, tied in excruciating positions for days on end, kept awake, starved and having their toenails torn out.

NORTHERN IRELAND

The Compton official inquiry acknowledged that the army hooded suspects, fed them on just bread and water and blasted them with noise.

An Amnesty International report said, "It is because we regard the deliberate destruction of a man's ability to control his own mind with revulsion that we reserve a special place in our catalogue of moral crimes for techniques of thought control and brainwashing. Any interrogation procedure which has the purpose or effect of causing a malfunction or breakdown of a man's mental processes constitutes as grave an assault on the inherent dignity of the human person as more traditional techniques of physical torture."

A European human rights report found that British army techniques amounted to "inhuman and degrading treatment" causing "at least intense physical and mental suffering".