Scarlet snake, (Cemophora coccinea), small, burrowing, nocturnal member of the family Colubridae. It occurs in the United States from New Jersey to Florida and as far west as Texas. It is a burrower that is found in areas of friable and sandy soils. Scarlet snakes eat a variety of insects and small vertebrates, but lizard and snake eggs are preferred. They are egg layers.

Because of its red, black, white, and yellow rings, this harmless species is sometimes referred to as a false coral snake. It also somewhat resembles the scarlet king snake. All three species—the scarlet, scarlet king, and coral snake—occur in the same habitats over the same geographic area. Presumably, the scarlet snake and scarlet king snake are mimics of the coral snake.