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EIGHT ENLIGHTENMENT THINKERS

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His first book, The Persian Letters, ridiculed the absolute monarchy and social classes in France. He also wrote The Spirit of the Laws.

Montesquieu’s ‘separation of powers’ and ‘checks and balances’ greatly influenced James Madison and the other framers of the US Constitution. These ideas are at the core of American government to this day.

When science, art, literature, and philosophy are simply the manifestation of personality they are on a level where glorious and dazzling achievements are possible, which can make a man's name live for thousands of years.

If you want me to believe in God, you must make me touch him.

Man will never be free until the last king is strangled with the entrails of the last priest.

If women be educated for dependence; that is, to act according to the will of another fallible being, and submit, right or wrong, to power, where are we to stop?

The divine right of husbands, like the divine right of kings, may, it is hoped, in this enlightened age, be contested without danger.

Let not men then in the pride of power, use the same arguments that tyrannic kings and venal ministers have used, and fallaciously assert that women ought to be subjected because she has always been so.

Strengthen the female mind by enlarging it, and there will be an end to blind obedience. Virtue can only flourish among equals.

The rich ... divide with the poor the produce of all their improvements. They are led by an invisible hand to make nearly the same distribution of the necessaries of life which would have been made, had the earth been divided into equal proportions among all its inhabitants.

It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest.

The propensity to truck, barter and exchange one thing for another is common to all men, and to be found in no other race of animals. No dog exchanges bones with another.