Circuit switched Today: Best effort (WAP, SMS), Limited expensive &quot;broadband&quot; Possible in theory via GPRS; Mostly blocked by the operators &quot;Wait until you finish with mini-web browsing or the long conference call, so you can get your push-emails&quot; No e2e QoS ­ only CoS! In theory: up to 8 CoS In practice: 2-4 (voice/control, best-effort data) Theory: PCRF introduced in 3GPP R7 Practice: RADIUS authentication Part of RAN; Mobility hidden from core network