‘Heavy heart’

Afterwards, Mrs May said the cabinet had reached a “collective” agreement on the basis of the UK’s future relationship with the EU after Brexit.

Former Brexit secretary David Davis and ex-foreign secretary Boris Johnson resigned from the Cabinet in protest at the plans adopted that day.

But, according to the BBC’s political editor Laura Kuenssberg, cabinet sources have now revealed there were widespread doubts about various aspects from many other ministers from the start, including from some former Remain supporters.

One cabinet minister said the group did endorse the proposal “with a very heavy heart”.

‘Extremely cautious from the start’

Trade Secretary Liam Fox expressed strong doubts about elements of the plan for trading arrangements as they could harm the ability of the UK to do trade deals after Brexit.

Home Secretary Sajid Javid, who backed Remain, is understood to have had some similar views, describing the proposal for a common rule book with the EU for parts of the economy as “very worrying” and suggesting that there should be a review of the arrangements after five years.

The leader of the House of Lords, Baroness Evans, is understood to have agreed, telling her colleagues that she found it difficult to accept some aspects of the proposals, and might struggle to explain them in Parliament.

Penny Mordaunt and Esther McVey – Brexiteers who have both been reluctant to give public support for the plan – are said to have expressed significant unhappiness and questioned whether Brexiteer MPs would be able to support such a deal in Parliament.

Please upgrade your browser

Your guide to Brexit jargon

Meanwhile, Transport Secretary Chris Grayling is said to have warned his colleagues that as many as 40 Eurosceptic MPs might “go on strike”.

Sources close to him would not confirm that, but said he had been “extremely cautious from the start” about the Chequers proposal.

And as has previously emerged, the leader of the Commons, Andrea Leadsom, said that she “hated” the proposals and called on the Prime Minister to treat those who had voted for Brexit with respect.

“This deal, when it comes, must be thrown out wholesale,” he wrote in the column.

The Chancellor, Philip Hammond told his colleagues that the government was living on “borrowed time” because some businesses were hesitating over whether to invest in the UK.

He argued for the Chequers approach to bring clarity as soon as possible. But he is understood to have questioned whether such a deal could actually be achieved, warning that the UK would have to persuade EU member states to defy the European Commission which is running the negotiation.

And the Defence Secretary, Gavin Williamson – also a former Remainer – said there were many concerns with the paper and it must be made clear it was as far as the government would be willing to compromise.

Several ministers on both sides of the argument are understood to have called on the prime minister to be honest with the public about the shift in position towards a closer arrangement with the EU.

The Chequers meeting did ultimately give Mrs May’s plan the cabinet’s backing, but cabinet sources have made clear that, for many of those present, the Chequers deal was an undesirable compromise – rather than a set of proposals they were signing up to with enthusiasm.

A Number 10 spokesman said: “Everyone has to move a little to get a deal that works for everyone on both sides of the argument.”

Mrs May is trying to arrange an agreement in cabinet on the current negotiations in time for a hoped-for summit in Brussels later this month.