Becker muscular dystrophy - a form of muscular dystrophy that sets in in adolescence or adulthood and progresses slowly but will affect all voluntary muscles; characterized by generalized weakness and muscle wasting that affects limb and trunk muscles first; similar to Duchenne's muscular dystrophy but less severe; inheritance is X-linked recessive (carried by females but affecting only males)

distal muscular dystrophy - a form of muscular dystrophy that sets in between 40 and 60 years of age and is characterized by weakness and wasting of the muscles of the hands and forearms and lower legs; inheritance is autosomal dominant

limb-girdle muscular dystrophy - an autosomal recessive form of muscular dystrophy that appears anywhere from late childhood to middle age; characterized by progressive muscular weakness beginning either in the shoulder or pelvic girdle; usually progresses slowly with cardiopulmonary complications in the later stages

myotonia atrophica, myotonic dystrophy, myotonic muscular dystrophy, Steinert's disease - a severe form of muscular dystrophy marked by generalized weakness and muscular wasting that affects the face and feet and hands and neck; difficult speech and difficulty with the hands that spreads to the arms and shoulders and legs and hips; the onset can be any time from birth to middle age and the progression is slow; inheritance is autosomal dominant

oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy - a form of muscular dystrophy that usually begins between early adulthood and middle age and first affects muscles of the eyelid and throat; progresses slowly with swallowing problems common as the disease progresses; inheritance is autosomal dominant

the sponsor company of this clinical study, is planning to get approval from the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety to carry out phase II clinical trials with Stargardt's macular dystrophy this year and to continue dose escalation with the age-related macular degeneration trial.

In the two phase 1/2 studies, hESCs were differentiated into retinal pigment epithelium cells and transplanted into nine patients with Stargardt's macular dystrophy and nine patients with dry atrophic age-related macular degeneration, the leading causes of juvenile and adult blindness in the developed world, respectively.

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