}}{{tnr}}'''Emanuel Cleaver II''' (b. October 26, 1944 in Waxahachie, Texas) is a [[Democratic]] member of the [[United States House of Representatives]] representing [[Missouri's 5th congressional district]]. Cleaver was first elected to the House in 2004 and is currently serving his fifth consecutive term, having won re-election on November 6, 2012, by a margin of 23.6%.<ref>[http://enr.sos.mo.gov/ENR/Views/TabularData.aspx?TabView=StateRaces^Federal%20/%20Statewide%20Races^011656688155 ''State of Missouri,'' "Nov. 6, 2012 General Election" (accessed May 30, 2013)]</ref>

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}}{{tnr}}'''Emanuel Cleaver II''' (b. October 26, 1944, in Waxahachie, Texas) is a [[Democratic]] member of the [[United States House of Representatives]] representing [[Missouri's 5th congressional district]]. Cleaver was first elected to the House in 2004 and is currently serving his fifth consecutive term, having won re-election on November 6, 2012, by a margin of 23.6%.<ref>[http://enr.sos.mo.gov/ENR/Views/TabularData.aspx?TabView=StateRaces^Federal%20/%20Statewide%20Races^011656688155 ''State of Missouri'', "Nov. 6, 2012 General Election," accessed May 30, 2013]</ref>

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Cleaver began his political career as a city council member in Kansas City in 1979 until his election as the first African-American Mayor of Kansas City, a position that he held from 1991 to 1999.<ref name="congbio">[http://cleaver.house.gov/about-me/full-biography ''U.S. House of Representatives,'' "Emanuel Cleave official bio" (accessed May 30, 2013)]</ref>

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Cleaver began his political career as a city council member in Kansas City in 1979 until his election as the first African-American Mayor of Kansas City, a position that he held from 1991 to 1999.<ref name="congbio">[http://cleaver.house.gov/about-me/full-biography ''U.S. House of Representatives'', "Emanuel Cleave official bio," accessed May 30, 2013]</ref>

{{Introanalysis

{{Introanalysis

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|Lastname=Cleaver

|Lastname=Cleaver

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Cleaver is set to run for [[U.S. Congress elections, 2014|re-election]] to the [[Missouri's 5th congressional district elections, 2014|U.S. House]] in 2014. {{Nov2014genelection}}

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==Biography==

==Biography==

Born in Waxahachie, Texas, Cleaver graduated from Prairie View A&M University and received a Master of Divinity degree from St. Paul School of Theology.<ref name="congbio"/>

Born in Waxahachie, Texas, Cleaver graduated from Prairie View A&M University and received a Master of Divinity degree from St. Paul School of Theology.<ref name="congbio"/>

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===U.S. House===

===U.S. House===

====2013-2014====

====2013-2014====

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Cleaver serves on the following committees:<ref>[http://media.cq.com/pub/committees/ ''CQ.com,'' "House Committee Rosters for the 113th Congress"]</ref>

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Cleaver serves on the following committees:<ref>[http://media.cq.com/pub/committees/ ''CQ.com'', "House Committee Rosters for the 113th Congress"]</ref>

*[[United States House Committee on Financial Services|Committee on Financial Services]]

*[[United States House Committee on Financial Services|Committee on Financial Services]]

**Subcommittee on Housing and Insurance

**Subcommittee on Housing and Insurance

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====2011-2012====

====2011-2012====

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Cleaver served on the following committees:<ref>[http://www.house.gov/cleaver/Cleaver%20Green/committees.html ''Congressman Emanuel Cleaver, II'' "committees"]</ref>

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Cleaver served on the following committees:<ref>[http://www.house.gov/cleaver/Cleaver%20Green/committees.html ''Congressman Emanuel Cleaver, II'', "Committees"]</ref>

*[[United States House Committee on Financial Services|Committee on Financial Services]]

*[[United States House Committee on Financial Services|Committee on Financial Services]]

**Subcommittee on Investigation and Oversight

**Subcommittee on Investigation and Oversight

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====Fiscal Cliff====

====Fiscal Cliff====

{{Support vote}}

{{Support vote}}

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Cleaver voted for the fiscal cliff compromise bill, which made permanent most of the Bush tax cuts originally passed in 2001 and 2003 while also raising tax rates on the highest income levels. He was one of 172 Democrats that voted in favor of the bill. The bill was passed in the House by a 257/167 vote on January 1, 2013.<ref>[http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2012/roll659.xml ''U.S. House'' "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff" Accessed January 4, 2013.]</ref>

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Cleaver voted for the fiscal cliff compromise bill, which made permanent most of the Bush tax cuts originally passed in 2001 and 2003 while also raising tax rates on the highest income levels. He was 1 of 172 Democrats that voted in favor of the bill. The bill was passed in the House by a 257-167 vote on January 1, 2013.<ref>[http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2012/roll659.xml ''U.S. House'', "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff," accessed January 4, 2013]</ref>

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====Foreign policy====

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=====Removal of troops from Afghanistan=====

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{{support vote}}

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Cleaver supported a resolution to withdraw U.S. troops from Afghanistan.<ref name=onti>[http://www.ontheissues.org/house/emanuel_cleaver.htm ''On the Issues'', "Emanuel Cleaver", accessed September 13, 2013]</ref>

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=====American involvement in Libya=====

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{{support vote}}

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Cleaver supported a ban on using armed forces in Libya without Congressional approval in 2011.<ref name=onti/>

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====Jobs====

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{{support vote}}

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Cleaver voted for raising the minimum wage to $7.25 an hour in 2007.<ref name=onti/>

{{Oppose vote}} Cleaver voted in opposition of HR 2217 - the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act of 2014. The bill passed the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 245 - 182 and was largely along party lines.<ref name="kv"/>

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=====Keystone Pipeline Amendment=====

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{{Support vote}} Cleaver voted in support of House Amendment 69, which would have amended HR 3 to "require that the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, in consultation with the Department of Homeland Security, conduct a study of the vulnerabilities of the Keystone XL pipeline to a terrorist attack and certify that necessary protections have been put in place." The amendment failed on May 22, 2013, with a vote of 176 - 239 and was largely along party lines.<ref name="kv"/>

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=====Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act=====

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{{Support vote}} Cleaver voted in support of HR 624 - the Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act. The bill passed the House on April 18, 2013, with a vote of 288 - 127. The bill would allow federal intelligence agencies to share cybersecurity intelligence and information with private entities and utilities.<ref>[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?c113:4:./temp/~c113vMEvNq:e679: ''The Library of Congress'', "H.R.624 Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act (Referred in Senate - RFS)," accessed August 27, 2013]</ref> The bill was largely supported by Republicans but divided the Democratic Party.<ref name="kv"/>

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=====National Defense Authorization Act=====

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{{Support vote}} Cleaver voted in support of HR 1960 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014. The bill passed the House on June 14, 2013, with a vote of 315 - 108. Both parties were somewhat divided on the vote.<ref name="kv"/>

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====Economy====

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=====Government shutdown=====

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:: ''See also: [[United States budget debate, 2013]]''

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{{oppose vote}} On September 30, 2013, the House passed a final stopgap spending bill before the shutdown went into effect. The bill included a one-year delay of the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate and would have also stripped the bill of federal subsidies for congressional members and staff. It passed through the House with a vote of 228-201.<ref>[http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2013/roll504.xml ''Clerk of the U.S. House,'' "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013]</ref> At 1 a.m. on October 1, 2013, one hour after the shutdown officially began, the House voted to move forward with going to a conference. In short order, Sen. [[Harry Reid]] rejected the call to conference.<ref>[http://www.buzzfeed.com/katenocera/government-shutdown-how-we-got-here?bffb ''Buzzfeed'', "Government Shutdown: How We Got Here," accessed October 1, 2013]</ref> Cleaver voted against the stopgap spending bill that would have delayed the individual mandate.<ref>[http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2013/roll504.xml''Clerk of the U.S. House,'' "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013]</ref>

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{{support vote}} The shutdown finally ended on October 16, 2013, when the House took a vote on HR 2775 after it was approved by the [[United States Senate|Senate]]. The bill to reopen the government lifted the $16.7 trillion debt limit and funds the government through January 15, 2014. Federal employees also received retroactive pay for the shutdown period. The only concession made by [[United States Senate|Senate Democrats]] was to require income verification for Obamacare subsidies.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/house-effort-to-end-fiscal-crisis-collapses-leaving-senate-to-forge-last-minute-solution/2013/10/16/1e8bb150-364d-11e3-be86-6aeaa439845b_story_1.html ''The Washington Post'', "Reid, McConnell propose bipartisan Senate bill to end shutdown, extend borrowing," accessed October 16, 2013]</ref> The House passed the legislation shortly after the Senate, by a vote of 285-144, with all 144 votes against the legislation coming from [[Republican]] members. Cleaver voted for HR 2775.<ref>[http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2013/roll550.xml ''U.S. House,'' "Final vote results for Roll Call 550," accessed October 31, 2013]</ref>

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=====Federal Statutory Pay Adjustment Elimination=====

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{{Oppose vote}}

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Cleaver voted in opposition of HR 273 - Eliminates the 2013 Statutory Pay Adjustment for Federal Employees. The bill passed the House on February 15, 2013, with a vote of 261 - 154. The bill would prevent a 0.5% pay increase for all federal workers from taking effect, saving the federal government $11 billion over 10 years. Clay was 1 of 144 Democrats who opposed the bill, while 44 voted for it.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Act_to_eliminate_the_2013_statutory_pay_adjustment_for_Federal_employees ''Wikipedia'', "An Act to eliminate the 2013 statutory pay adjustment for Federal employees," accessed September 11, 2013]</ref><ref name="kv"/>

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====Immigration====

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=====Morton Memos Enforcement Prohibition=====

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{{Oppose vote}} Cleaver voted in opposition of House Amendment 136 - Prohibits the Enforcement of the Immigration Executive Order. The amendment was adopted by the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 224 - 201. The purpose of the amendment as stated on the official text is to "prohibit the use of funds to finalize, implement, administer, or enforce the Morton Memos." These memos would have granted administrative amnesty to certain illegal aliens residing in the United States. The vote largely followed party lines.<ref>[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d113:hamdt136: ''The Library of Congress'', "H.AMDT.136," accessed September 11, 2013]</ref> <ref name="kv"/>

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====Healthcare====

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=====Health Care Reform Rules=====

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{{Neutral vote}} Cleaver did not vote on House Amendment 450 - Requires Congressional Approval for Any Rules Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The amendment was adopted by the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 227-185. The amendment requires all changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act be approved by Congress before taking effect. The vote was largely along party lines.<ref name="CS">[http://posttrib.suntimes.com/news/21832925-418/how-they-voted.html ''Chicago Sun-Times'', "How they voted," August 9, 2013]</ref><ref name="kv">[http://votesmart.org/candidate/39507/emanuel-cleaver-ii?type=V#.UjMg68aUTcc ''Project Vote Smart'', "Emanuel Cleaver's Political Summary," accessed September 11, 2013]</ref>

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=====Keep the IRS Off Your Health Care Act=====

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{{Neutral vote}} Cleaver did not vote on HR 2009 - Keep the IRS Off Your Health Care Act of 2013. The bill passed through the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 232-185. The bill would prevent the IRS and Treasury Secretary from enforcing the powers provided to them in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The vote largely followed party lines.<ref name="CS"/><ref name="kv"/>

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====Social issues====

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=====Amash amendment=====

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{{Support vote}} Cleaver voted in support of House Amendment 413 - Prohibits the National Security Agency from Collecting Records Under the Patriot Act. The amendment failed on July 4, 2013, by a vote of 205-217. The amendment would have prohibited the collection of records by the National Security Agency under the PATRIOT Act. Both parties were split on the vote.<ref name="kv"/>

Cleaver is set to run for [[U.S. Congress elections, 2014|re-election]] to the [[U.S. House elections, 2014|U.S. House]] in 2014. If he runs, he will seek the Democratic nomination in the primary election on August 5, 2014. {{Nov2014genelection}}

Candidates for Congress are required to file up to seven main reports with the Federal Election Commission during the 2014 elections season. Below are Cleaver's reports.<ref>[http://images.nictusa.com/cgi-bin/fecimg/?C00395848 ''Federal Election Commission,'' "Cleaver for Congress Summary reports" (accessed July 22, 2013)]</ref>

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Candidates for Congress are required to file up to seven main reports with the Federal Election Commission during the 2014 elections season. Below are Cleaver's reports.<ref>[http://images.nictusa.com/cgi-bin/fecimg/?C00395848 ''Federal Election Commission'', "Cleaver for Congress Summary reports," accessed July 22, 2013]</ref>

[[File:Emanuel_Cleaver-2012_donor_breakdown.jpg|right|375px|thumb|Breakdown of the source of Cleaver's campaign funds for the 2012 election.]] Cleaver was re-elected to the [[U.S. House]] for a fifth term in 2012. His campaign committee raised a total of $1,155,849 and spent $1,191,843.<ref>[http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.php?cid=N00026790 ''Open Secrets'' "Emanuel Cleaver 2012 Election Data," Accessed February 2013]</ref>

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[[File:Emanuel_Cleaver-2012_donor_breakdown.jpg|right|375px|thumb|Breakdown of the source of Cleaver's campaign funds for the 2012 election.]] Cleaver was re-elected to the [[U.S. House]] for a fifth term in 2012. His campaign committee raised a total of $1,155,849 and spent $1,191,843.<ref>[http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.php?cid=N00026790 ''Open Secrets'', "Emanuel Cleaver 2012 Election Data," accessed February 2013]</ref> This is less than the average $1.5 million spent by House winners in 2012.<ref>[http://www.opensecrets.org/news/2013/06/2012-overview.html ''Open Secrets'', "Election 2012: The Big Picture Shows Record Cost of Winning a Seat in Congress," June 19, 2013]</ref>

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====Cost per vote====

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Cleaver spent $5.95 per vote received in 2012.

{{Congress donor box 2012

{{Congress donor box 2012

|winner = Y

|winner = Y

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===2010===

===2010===

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[[File:Emanuel_Cleaver_2010_Donor_Breakdown.png‎‎|right|375px|thumb|Breakdown of the source of Cleaver's campaign funds before the 2010 election.]] Cleaver was re-elected to the [[U.S. House]] for a fourth term in 2010. His campaign committee raised a total of $637,380 and spent $607,575.<ref>[http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/elections.php?cycle=2010&cid=n00026790&type=I ''Open Secrets'' "Emanuel Cleaver 2010 Election Data," Accessed November 8, 2011]</ref>

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[[File:Emanuel_Cleaver_2010_Donor_Breakdown.png‎‎|right|375px|thumb|Breakdown of the source of Cleaver's campaign funds before the 2010 election.]] Cleaver was re-elected to the [[U.S. House]] for a fourth term in 2010. His campaign committee raised a total of $637,380 and spent $607,575.<ref>[http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/elections.php?cycle=2010&cid=n00026790&type=I ''Open Secrets'', "Emanuel Cleaver 2010 Election Data," accessed November 8, 2011]</ref>This is less than the average $1.4 million spent by House winners in 2010.<ref>[http://www.opensecrets.org/news/2013/06/2012-overview.html ''Open Secrets'', "Election 2012: The Big Picture Shows Record Cost of Winning a Seat in Congress," June 19, 2013]</ref>

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====Cost per vote====

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Cleaver spent $5.95 per vote received in 2010.

{{Congress donor box 2010

{{Congress donor box 2010

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===Lifetime voting record===

===Lifetime voting record===

::''See also: [[Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives]]''

::''See also: [[Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives]]''

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According to the website ''GovTrack,'' Cleaver missed 233 of 6,443 roll call votes from Jan 2005 to Apr 2013, which is 3.6% of votes during that period. This is worse than the median of 2.2% among the lifetime records of representatives currently serving.<ref>[http://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/emanuel_cleaver/400639 ''GovTrack,'' "Emanuel Cleaver" Accessed March 26, 2013]</ref>

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According to the website ''GovTrack,'' Cleaver missed 233 of 6,443 roll call votes from Jan 2005 to Apr 2013, which is 3.6% of votes during that period. This is worse than the median of 2.2% among the lifetime records of representatives currently serving.<ref>[http://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/emanuel_cleaver/400639 ''GovTrack'', "Emanuel Cleaver," accessed March 26, 2013]</ref>

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by ''GovTrack'', Cleaver is a "[[GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking|rank-and-file Democrat]]" as of May 2013.<ref>[http://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/emanuel_cleaver/400639 ''Gov Track'' "Cleaver" (accessed May 30, 2013]</ref>

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Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by ''GovTrack'', Cleaver is a "[[GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking|rank-and-file Democrat]]" as of May 2013.<ref>[http://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/emanuel_cleaver/400639 ''GovTrack'', "Cleaver," accessed May 30, 2013]</ref>

===Like-minded colleagues===

===Like-minded colleagues===

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The website ''Open Congress,'' tracks whom from each party each member of Congress votes most and least often with.<ref>[http://www.opencongress.org/people/show/412444_Vicky_Hartzler ''OpenCongress,'' "Rep. Emanuel Cleaver," (accessed July 29, 2013]</ref>

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The website ''OpenCongress'', tracks whom from each party each member of Congress votes most and least often with.<ref>[http://www.opencongress.org/people/show/412444_Vicky_Hartzler ''OpenCongress,'' "Rep. Emanuel Cleaver," accessed July 29, 2013]</ref>

{{col-begin}}

{{col-begin}}

{{col-break}}

{{col-break}}

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===Congressional staff salaries===

===Congressional staff salaries===

::''See also: [[Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives]]''

::''See also: [[Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives]]''

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The website ''Legistorm'' compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Cleaver paid his congressional staff a total of $1,017,986 in 2011. Overall, [[Missouri]] ranked 21st in average salary for representative staff. The average [[U.S. House of Representatives]] congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.<ref>[http://www.legistorm.com/member/2801/Rep_Emanuel_Cleaver.html ''LegiStorm'', "Emanuel Cleaver," Accessed October 8, 2012]</ref>

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The website ''Legistorm'' compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Cleaver paid his congressional staff a total of $1,017,986 in 2011. Overall, [[Missouri]] ranked 21st in average salary for representative staff. The average [[U.S. House of Representatives]] congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.<ref>[http://www.legistorm.com/member/2801/Rep_Emanuel_Cleaver.html ''LegiStorm'', "Emanuel Cleaver," accessed October 8, 2012]</ref>

====Staff bonuses====

====Staff bonuses====

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:: ''See also: [[Net Worth of United States Senators and Representatives]]''

:: ''See also: [[Net Worth of United States Senators and Representatives]]''

====2011====

====2011====

−

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by ''OpenSecrets.org - The Center for Responsive Politics'', Cleaver's net worth as of 2011 was estimated between $448,013 and $1,269,999. This averages to $859,006, which is a 0.0365% decrease since 2010. This is lower than the $7,859,232.16 average net worth for Democratic representatives in 2011.<ref>[http://www.opensecrets.org/pfds/CIDsummary.php?CID=N00026790&year=2011 ''OpenSecrets.org'', "Emanuel Cleaver (D-MO), 2011," Accessed February 2013]</ref>

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Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by ''OpenSecrets.org'', Cleaver's net worth as of 2011 was estimated between $448,013 and $1,269,999. This averages to $859,006, which is a 0.0365% decrease since 2010. This is lower than the $7,859,232.16 average net worth for Democratic representatives in 2011.<ref>[http://www.opensecrets.org/pfds/CIDsummary.php?CID=N00026790&year=2011 ''OpenSecrets.org'', "Emanuel Cleaver (D-MO), 2011," accessed February 2013]</ref>

====2010====

====2010====

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Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by ''OpenSecrets.org - The Center for Responsive Politics'', Cleaver's net worth as of 2010 was estimated between $498,013 to $1,285,000. This yields an average net worth of $891,506.50, which is lower than the average net worth of Democrats in 2010 of $4,465,875.<ref>[http://www.opensecrets.org/pfds/CIDsummary.php?CID=N00026790&year=2010 ''OpenSecrets.org'', "Emanuel Cleaver (D-MO), 2010," Accessed October 8, 2012]</ref>

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Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by ''OpenSecrets.org'', Cleaver's net worth as of 2010 was estimated between $498,013 to $1,285,000. This yields an average net worth of $891,506.50, which is lower than the average net worth of Democrats in 2010 of $4,465,875.<ref>[http://www.opensecrets.org/pfds/CIDsummary.php?CID=N00026790&year=2010 ''OpenSecrets.org'', "Emanuel Cleaver (D-MO), 2010," accessed October 8, 2012]</ref>

===National Journal vote ratings===

===National Journal vote ratings===

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====2012====

====2012====

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According to the data released in 2013, Cleaver was ranked the 36th most liberal representative during 2012.<ref>[http://www.nationaljournal.com/2012-vote-ratings/table-house-liberal-scores-by-issue-area-20130221 ''National Journal,'' "TABLE: House Liberal Scores by Issue Area," February 26, 2013]</ref>

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According to the data released in 2013, Cleaver was ranked the 36th most liberal representative during 2012.<ref>[http://www.nationaljournal.com/2012-vote-ratings/table-house-liberal-scores-by-issue-area-20130221 ''National Journal'', "TABLE: House Liberal Scores by Issue Area," February 26, 2013]</ref>

====2011====

====2011====

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According to the data released in 2012, Emanuel Cleaver was ranked the 30th most liberal representative during 2011.<ref>[http://www.nationaljournal.com/voteratings2011/searchable-vote-ratings-tables-house-20120223 ''National Journal,'' "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," February 23, 2012]</ref>

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According to the data released in 2012, Emanuel Cleaver was ranked the 30th most liberal representative during 2011.<ref>[http://www.nationaljournal.com/voteratings2011/searchable-vote-ratings-tables-house-20120223 ''National Journal'', "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," February 23, 2012]</ref>

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===Percentage voting with party===

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===Voting with party===

====May 2013====

====May 2013====

{{Congress vote percent

{{Congress vote percent

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==Personal==

==Personal==

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Cleaver and his wife Dianne raised their four children in Kansas City, where they still live.<ref>[http://www.emanuelcleaver.com/?page_id=2 ''Cleaver for Congress, Congressman Cleaver, serving with Compassion, Civility, Courage'' "About"]</ref>

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Cleaver and his wife Dianne raised their four children in Kansas City, where they still live.<ref>[http://www.emanuelcleaver.com/?page_id=2 ''Cleaver for Congress, Congressman Cleaver, serving with Compassion, Civility, Courage'', "About"]</ref>

Issues

Specific votes

Fiscal Cliff

Cleaver voted for the fiscal cliff compromise bill, which made permanent most of the Bush tax cuts originally passed in 2001 and 2003 while also raising tax rates on the highest income levels. He was 1 of 172 Democrats that voted in favor of the bill. The bill was passed in the House by a 257-167 vote on January 1, 2013.[5]

Foreign policy

Removal of troops from Afghanistan

Cleaver supported a resolution to withdraw U.S. troops from Afghanistan.[6]

American involvement in Libya

Cleaver supported a ban on using armed forces in Libya without Congressional approval in 2011.[6]

Jobs

Cleaver voted for raising the minimum wage to $7.25 an hour in 2007.[6]

Government reform

Cleaver supported granting Washington D.C. an Electoral vote and a vote in Congress in 2007.[6]

Legislative actions

113th Congress

The second session of the 113th Congress enacted into law 114 out of the 3,036 introduced bills (3.8 percent). Comparatively, the 112th Congress had 4.2 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.[7] For more information pertaining to Cleaver's voting record in the 113th Congress, please see the below sections.[8]

National security

American response in Syria

On August 29, 2013, more than 50 HouseDemocrats signed a letter written by CaliforniaRep.Barbara Lee that called for a congressional resolution on strikes, and cautioned that the dire situation in Syria "should not draw us into an unwise war—especially without adhering to our constitutional requirements."[9][10] The letter also called on the Obama administration to work with the U.N. Security Council “to build international consensus” condemning the alleged use of chemical weapons. Cleaver was one of the 50 Democrats in the House to sign the letter.[9][10]

Department of Homeland Security Appropriations

Cleaver voted in opposition of HR 2217 - the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act of 2014. The bill passed the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 245 - 182 and was largely along party lines.[11]

Keystone Pipeline Amendment

Cleaver voted in support of House Amendment 69, which would have amended HR 3 to "require that the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, in consultation with the Department of Homeland Security, conduct a study of the vulnerabilities of the Keystone XL pipeline to a terrorist attack and certify that necessary protections have been put in place." The amendment failed on May 22, 2013, with a vote of 176 - 239 and was largely along party lines.[11]

Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act

Cleaver voted in support of HR 624 - the Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act. The bill passed the House on April 18, 2013, with a vote of 288 - 127. The bill would allow federal intelligence agencies to share cybersecurity intelligence and information with private entities and utilities.[12] The bill was largely supported by Republicans but divided the Democratic Party.[11]

National Defense Authorization Act

Cleaver voted in support of HR 1960 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014. The bill passed the House on June 14, 2013, with a vote of 315 - 108. Both parties were somewhat divided on the vote.[11]

Economy

Government shutdown

On September 30, 2013, the House passed a final stopgap spending bill before the shutdown went into effect. The bill included a one-year delay of the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate and would have also stripped the bill of federal subsidies for congressional members and staff. It passed through the House with a vote of 228-201.[13] At 1 a.m. on October 1, 2013, one hour after the shutdown officially began, the House voted to move forward with going to a conference. In short order, Sen. Harry Reid rejected the call to conference.[14] Cleaver voted against the stopgap spending bill that would have delayed the individual mandate.[15]

The shutdown finally ended on October 16, 2013, when the House took a vote on HR 2775 after it was approved by the Senate. The bill to reopen the government lifted the $16.7 trillion debt limit and funds the government through January 15, 2014. Federal employees also received retroactive pay for the shutdown period. The only concession made by Senate Democrats was to require income verification for Obamacare subsidies.[16] The House passed the legislation shortly after the Senate, by a vote of 285-144, with all 144 votes against the legislation coming from Republican members. Cleaver voted for HR 2775.[17]

Federal Statutory Pay Adjustment Elimination

Cleaver voted in opposition of HR 273 - Eliminates the 2013 Statutory Pay Adjustment for Federal Employees. The bill passed the House on February 15, 2013, with a vote of 261 - 154. The bill would prevent a 0.5% pay increase for all federal workers from taking effect, saving the federal government $11 billion over 10 years. Clay was 1 of 144 Democrats who opposed the bill, while 44 voted for it.[18][11]

Immigration

Morton Memos Enforcement Prohibition

Cleaver voted in opposition of House Amendment 136 - Prohibits the Enforcement of the Immigration Executive Order. The amendment was adopted by the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 224 - 201. The purpose of the amendment as stated on the official text is to "prohibit the use of funds to finalize, implement, administer, or enforce the Morton Memos." These memos would have granted administrative amnesty to certain illegal aliens residing in the United States. The vote largely followed party lines.[19][11]

Healthcare

Health Care Reform Rules

Cleaver did not vote on House Amendment 450 - Requires Congressional Approval for Any Rules Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The amendment was adopted by the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 227-185. The amendment requires all changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act be approved by Congress before taking effect. The vote was largely along party lines.[20][11]

Keep the IRS Off Your Health Care Act

Cleaver did not vote on HR 2009 - Keep the IRS Off Your Health Care Act of 2013. The bill passed through the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 232-185. The bill would prevent the IRS and Treasury Secretary from enforcing the powers provided to them in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The vote largely followed party lines.[20][11]

Social issues

Amash amendment

Cleaver voted in support of House Amendment 413 - Prohibits the National Security Agency from Collecting Records Under the Patriot Act. The amendment failed on July 4, 2013, by a vote of 205-217. The amendment would have prohibited the collection of records by the National Security Agency under the PATRIOT Act. Both parties were split on the vote.[11]

Elections

2014

Cleaver is set to run for re-election to the U.S. House in 2014. If he runs, he will seek the Democratic nomination in the primary election on August 5, 2014. The general election took place November 4, 2014.

2012

Cleaver was seeking re-election in 2012.[21] He was re-elected on November 6, 2012.[22]

Full history

To view the full congressional electoral history for Emanuel Cleaver, click [show] to expand the section.

2010

On November 2, 2010, Emanuel Cleaver won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Jacob Turk (R), Randall D. "Randy" Langkraehr (L) and Dave Lay (Constitution) in the general election.[23]

U.S. House, Missouri District 5 General Election, 2010

Party

Candidate

Vote %

Votes

Democratic

Emanuel Cleaverincumbent

53.3%

102,076

Republican

Jacob Turk

44.2%

84,578

Libertarian

Randall D. "Randy" Langkraehr

1.6%

3,077

Constitution

Dave Lay

0.9%

1,692

Total Votes

191,423

2008

On November 4, 2008, Emanuel Cleaver won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Jacob Turk (R) in the general election.[24]

U.S. House, Missouri District 5 General Election, 2008

Party

Candidate

Vote %

Votes

Democratic

Emanuel Cleaverincumbent

64.4%

197,249

Republican

Jacob Turk

35.6%

109,166

Total Votes

306,415

2006

On November 7, 2006, Emanuel Cleaver won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Jacob Turk (R) and Randall David "Randy" Langkraehr (L) in the general election.[25]

U.S. House, Missouri District 5 General Election, 2006

Party

Candidate

Vote %

Votes

Democratic

Emanuel Cleaverincumbent

64.2%

136,149

Republican

Jacob Turk

32.3%

68,456

Libertarian

Randall David "Randy" Langkraehr

3.5%

7,314

Total Votes

211,919

2004

On November 2, 2004, Emanuel Cleaver won election to the United States House. He defeated Jeanne Patterson (R), Rick Bailie (L) and Darin Rodenberg (Constitution) in the general election.[26]

U.S. House, Missouri District 5 General Election, 2004

Party

Candidate

Vote %

Votes

Democratic

Emanuel Cleaver II

55.2%

161,727

Republican

Jeanne Patterson

42.1%

123,431

Libertarian

Rick Bailie

2%

5,827

Constitution

Darin Rodenberg

0.7%

2,040

Total Votes

293,025

Campaign donors

Comprehensive donor information for Cleaver is available dating back to 2004. Based on available campaign finance records, Cleaver raised a total of $4,596,544 during that time period. This information was last updated on May 16, 2013.[27]

2012

Breakdown of the source of Cleaver's campaign funds for the 2012 election.

Cleaver was re-elected to the U.S. House for a fifth term in 2012. His campaign committee raised a total of $1,155,849 and spent $1,191,843.[37] This is less than the average $1.5 million spent by House winners in 2012.[38]

2010

Breakdown of the source of Cleaver's campaign funds before the 2010 election.

Cleaver was re-elected to the U.S. House for a fourth term in 2010. His campaign committee raised a total of $637,380 and spent $607,575.[39]This is less than the average $1.4 million spent by House winners in 2010.[40]

Analysis

Lifetime voting record

According to the website GovTrack, Cleaver missed 233 of 6,443 roll call votes from Jan 2005 to Apr 2013, which is 3.6% of votes during that period. This is worse than the median of 2.2% among the lifetime records of representatives currently serving.[41]

Congressional staff salaries

The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Cleaver paid his congressional staff a total of $1,017,986 in 2011. Overall, Missouri ranked 21st in average salary for representative staff. The average U.S. House of Representatives congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.[44]

Staff bonuses

According to an analysis by CNN, Cleaver was one of nearly 25 percent of House members who gave their staff bonuses in 2012. Cleaver's staff was given an apparent $34,458.32 in bonus money.[45]

Net worth

2011

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Cleaver's net worth as of 2011 was estimated between $448,013 and $1,269,999. This averages to $859,006, which is a 0.0365% decrease since 2010. This is lower than the $7,859,232.16 average net worth for Democratic representatives in 2011.[46]

2010

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Cleaver's net worth as of 2010 was estimated between $498,013 to $1,285,000. This yields an average net worth of $891,506.50, which is lower than the average net worth of Democrats in 2010 of $4,465,875.[47]

National Journal vote ratings

Each year, National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted, as compared to other members in the previous year. More information about the analysis process can be found on the vote ratings page.

2012

According to the data released in 2013, Cleaver was ranked the 36th most liberal representative during 2012.[48]

2011

According to the data released in 2012, Emanuel Cleaver was ranked the 30th most liberal representative during 2011.[49]

Voting with party

May 2013

Emanuel Cleaver voted with the Democratic Party 96.5% of the time, which ranked 52th among the 201 House Democratic members as of May 2013.[50]

Personal

Cleaver and his wife Dianne raised their four children in Kansas City, where they still live.[51]

Recent news

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