[SP54] – twinkling young star

Jewelry box, all eyes will be on the night light that shines brightly without the need for electricity. Bintang space, has a variety of colors and is very charming, in contrast to the sun that has a color with a forestry feel. But there is one star group called the Jewel Box, what is a jewel box? In the middle of a sensitive dark black night room, there was a sapphire blue light from a bright star, and with one orange star flickering in the bright shining colors. And why do stars have different colors ?, the reason is because stars depend on their different and unequal light temperatures. Light is radiation that travels in waves. The distance between the peak of one wave and the peak of the next wave is called the wavelength.

Light waves are not so long. So short, how short is that? Imagine if you divide one centimeter to 100,000 parts, that’s a short estimate for light waves. Then some of these parts are put together and there will be a wavelength of light. Maybe you’ve seen in everyday life that the color of an object can change when the temperature changes, yes I’ve seen that. If you don’t believe it, please take the iron stick and place it in the fire section. When you cool the cold black iron, you will see a pale reddish light spread on the cold iron surface. But when it gets hot, the iron turns red. Don’t stop, keep on burning until it’s really hot, Imagine how strika can turn blue when it’s really hot.

To prove some thoughts, scientists have discovered natural laws that tell how color and temperature can be as great as they are to connect. It turns out that when substances become hotter, even unable to be accepted by your skin, most of the radiation coming from them has more energy and has a shorter wavelength. A proof shows that blue light has a shorter wavelength than red light, why can that happen ?, this is truly extraordinary. So hot objects that emit blue light are certainly hotter than those that glow red.

Hot gas atoms in stars emit light particles called photons. The hotter the gas, the higher the photon energy, and the shorter the light wave. So the hottest and youngest star emits a bluish-white light. By using nuclear fuel, they tend to be cold. As a result, old stars that cool down usually emit red light. Middle-aged stars, like the Sun, glow yellow.

Our sun is only 150 million km. We can see clearly what the color is. But stars far from the Sun are trillions of miles longer, and difficult to know, even with the most powerful telescopes. So scientists allow starlight to enter through a filter, or through a device called a spectrograph. This reveals how much light from each wavelength comes from the star. Astronomers determine the overall color of the star by recording which wavelength is the most powerful. Once they know the color, they can guess the surface temperature using a simple mathematical formula. With that temperature, they can also get an idea of ​​how old the star is.

Nature offers many wonders that endlessly amaze us. One of the greatest natural wonders is the existence of innumerable stars. When we see the sky full of stars, we may wonder, what are these stars made of? What makes the stars light up like giant fireballs? The short answer, hydrogen and helium gas are the star-forming ingredients.

Do you know that the most abundant things in nature are hydrogen and helium? Yes, they are the most abundant in the universe. Helium can be found through the optical spectrum of the sun. Helium has been detected in the sun, before it was found on earth. So stars are actually plasma spheres (which are ionized gases), which mainly consist of hydrogen and helium. To understand how hydrogen and helium can produce energy to ignite stars, we must first understand the mechanism of nuclear fusion reactions.

Stars are natural fusion reactors that obtain energy from the hydrogen fusion reaction to helium and then fuse helium to other elements. The energy generated from this fusion reaction is a star energy source. Fusion reactions occur when two or more atomic nuclei join into lighter molecules. This mass difference is then converted into energy. Hydrogen fusion doesn’t have to be confused with burning hydrogen. Hydrogen combustion is an endothermic chemical reaction that creates heat, but hydrogen fusion creates far more energy because it involves fusion of the hydrogen nucleus into a helium nucleus.