Rutgers Scientists Discover New Role for Sensory Signals in the Brain

Findings could help lead to new treatments for Parkinson’s disease, psychiatric disorders

Learning how to tie a shoe or shoot a basketball isn’t easy, but the brain somehow integrates sensory signals that are critical to coordinating movements so you can get it right.

Now, Rutgers scientists have discovered that sensory signals in the brain’s cerebral cortex, which plays a key role in controlling movement and other functions, have a different pattern of connections between nerve cells and different effects on behavior than motor signals. The motor area of the cortex sends signals to stimulate muscles.

The research on neural signals, published in the journal Current Biology, could help lead to new treatments for movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease or psychiatric conditions such as obsessive compulsive disorder.

Scientists at Rutgers University–New Brunswick and Rutgers–Newarkinvestigated a brain region called the striatum in mice. The striatum, which integrates signals from the sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex, is severely compromised in diseases such as Parkinson’s and Huntington’s.

Future research will investigate the patterns of signaling between the cerebral cortex and striatum during different types of learning paradigms in mice to understand nerve cell connection mechanisms. The ultimate goal is to understand how abnormal cortex-striatum signaling is involved in neurological and psychiatric disorders.

The lead author is Christian R. Lee in the Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience. Co-authors include Alex J. Yonk, Joost Wiskerke and Kenneth G. Paradiso in that department and James M. Tepper, a Distinguished Professor in the Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience at Rutgers–Newark. The research was funded by the Rutgers Brain Health Institute Pilot Grant Program, National Institutes of Health and National Science Foundation.

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