Privately Held

Privately Held

As a state managed economy, it is no surprise that privately held and state owned enterprises comprise the largest share of agricultural enterprises in China. Of the 349 privately held companies, those involved in grains and seeds were relatively more abundant than those involved in the dairy, meat, agrochemical, and processed food sector. China’s grains and seeds companies are likely more apt to be privately owned due to their strategic importance in maintaining the country’s food security.

ChinaAg Comment: In July 2016, ChemChina announced it had reached a deal to acquire the remaining 40% share of Adama Agricultural Solutions, cementing its total control over the agrochemical giant, and by the end of 2016, Adama Agricultural Solutions reported USD 2.87 billion in sales, making it the largest Asian-controlled agrochemical company and overall the seventh largest in the world

ChinaAg Comment: In March 2017, China’s first international pet industry experimental zone was established in Jianggan District, eastern Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, and reportedly hosted the e-commerce platforms of Tmall, Beibei, and Kaola

ChinaAg Comment: Beijing Baiyueda Trade has a strong relationship with Japan and was (as of 2018) part of Toyo Jidoki’s (subsidiary of Nabtesco Corporation, TYO:6268) international network of machinery suppliers

ChinaAg Comment: Beijing Capital Agribusiness Group is a conglomeration of Beijing Sanyuan Group (SHA:600429), Beijing Huadu Group (Poultry), and Beijing Dafa Livestock, with Beijing Sanyuan being the only publicly traded company in the group

ChinaAg Comment: In the past, California Field (Beijing) Food, a subsidiary of Beijing Wanjiali Food, has worked with California’s The Wonderful Company (formerly Paramount Farms) and the Almond Board of California

ChinaAg Comment: In 2012, Cartesian Capital Group (aka Cartesian) partnered with Restaurant Brands International (RBI) and the Kurdoğlu family, a Turkish family that manages TFI TAB Gida Yatirimlari A.S., to develop the Burger King franchise in mainland China

ChinaAg Comment: In July 2015, Century Food Company (a subsidiary of a Toronto-listed, TSX, company) entered into an exclusive Chinese distribution agreement with Sunny Queen, an Australian egg producer headquartered in Queensland (near Brisbane)

ChinaAg Comment: In 2011, China Forestry’s Hong Kong Exchange listing (USD 216 million raised in 2009 for its IPO) was suspended over accounting irregularities, and the company was (as of 2018) undergoing liquidation

ChinaAg Comment: In August 2015, China Geo-Engineering Corporation (CGC) announced plans to develop 9,000 ha of agricultural land in Jigawa State, northern Nigeria, after having previously carried out road construction and irrigation projects in Jigawa’s largest city

ChinaAg Comment: In May 2016, China Huanqiu Contracting and Engineering signed a MoU with Cambodian Petrochemical Company to construct a chemical fertilizer factory in Sihanoukville Province, southwestern Cambodia

ChinaAg Comment: In 2001, Monsanto (USA) and China National Seed established hybrid-corn-seed joint venture (CNSGC-DEKALB Seed Company Ltd.), and in 2008 the two companies agreed to increased their investment in their JV to expand its hybrid corn seed business

ChinaAg Comment: In November 2017, China Railway Seventh Group signed a USD 393 million agriculture development agreement with Zambia to develop 200,000 hectares in Mporokoso District, Northern Province

ChinaAg Comment: Chongqing Agricultural Products was founded by the Chongqing government Chongqing and include the companies of Northeastern Agricultural, Yuqian Agricultural Products, and Jinfan Fruits

ChinaAg Comment: In September 2014, CMMC signed a memorandum of understanding with Jordan Phosphate Mines to build a factory in southern Jordan that will process locally-sourced phosphate into high value-added products

ChinaAg Comment: A joint venture between Singapore’s Wilmar International (SGX:F34) and COFCO Group, COFCO East Ocean Oils & Grains Industries is one of China’s leading soybean importers and processors

ChinaAg Comment: In May 2016, a Shanghai court ordered Baidu (search engine) to pay CNY 3 million (~US$456,900) in damages to Dianping over copying comments and other information to Baidu controlled sites

ChinaAg Comment: In March 2016, Eleme was fined CNY 120,000 (~US$18,400) stemming from a November 2015 violation of Chinese food safety laws relating to working with non-licensed Beijing restaurants who uploaded fake photos and addresses

ChinaAg Comment: In January 2016, Foresun Group (Heilongjiang Hengyang Cattle Industry) was reportedly planning a back door listing (i.e. private company acquires a listed company) via a reverse merger with Sundiro Holding (SHE:000571), a mining and motorbike manufacturing company with the assistance of CDH Investments and DT Capital Partners

ChinaAg Comment: In August 2010, Fuzhou Hongdong Pelagic Fishery established offices and began fishing off the coast of Mauritania, West Africa, and in March 2012, the company began similar fishing operations in Indonesian waters

ChinaAg Comment: In August 2015, Tiandi No 1, a subsidiary of Tiandi Yihao, was listed on the New Third Board and primarily used the resulting funds (CNY 175 million or ~US$27.5 million) to develop its online-to-offline business (i.e. online to brick-and-mortar)

ChinaAg Comment: In May 2018, Guangxi Yangxiang was in the process of constructing a 13-storey pig farm (11 hectares) that would reportedly house 30,000 sows (adult female pigs) and produce 840,000 piglets per year

ChinaAg Comment: In 2011, Henan Guiyou Industrial Group bought an animal husbandry (livestock) company in Kyrgyzstan, and in In January 2017, the company and Kyrgyzstan’s State Agency for Investment and Export Promotion (see Ministry of Economy) signed a MoU relating to the Iskra Asia agricultural cooperation zone construction project

ChinaAg Comment: In June 2016, Huangtaiji (“Yellow Too Lucky”), a restaurant chain that primarily serves Chinese pancakes/crepes, tofu, and soybean milk, planned to open its first outlet in Sydney, Australia

ChinaAg Comment: In March 2015, China’s National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) granted permission to Hunan’s Xuanye (Lao) to export Laotian rice to China (quota of 8,000 MTs), the first and only enterprise granted official permission to export Laotian rice to China

ChinaAg Comment: According to a 2012 report, only COFCO Group and Jilin Grain Group are regularly allowed to import grain (e.g. corn, rice) into China, though other grains companies are granted import authorizations/concessions on occasion

ChinaAg Comment: In July 2015, DuPont and Jilin Province New Tianlong Industry signed an agreement to build China’s largest cellulosic ethanol manufacturing plant, which is a type of biofuel (i.e. not a fossil fuel like coal, petroleum and natural gas) that is produced from wood, grasses, and other plants such as corn

ChinaAg Comment: As of early 2016, Jiusan Oils and Grains Industries had an annual production capacity of 9.6 million MTs of soybean meal, 2.16 million MTs of soybean oil, 35,000 MTs of soy lecithin, 27,000 MTs of soy milk powder, and 16,000 MTs of fresh bean curd (e.g. tofu)

ChinaAg Comment: In September 2017, Kaola signed a distribution agreement with Denmark’s Irma supermarkets, a subsidiary of Coop amba (founded in 1886 in Copenhagen), to sell (on a trial basis) coffee, chocolate, marmalade jam, and other products

ChinaAg Comment: In October 2015, Landbridge Group signed the 99-year lease on the Port of Darwin, Australia and, in May 2016, planned to expand the ports facilities to handle dry bulk exports, liquid bulk exports, as well as live cattle and containerized goods

ChinaAg Comment: LIPICO Technologies, based in Singapore, is the parent company of LIPICO (Shanghai) Oils & Fats Equipment and also has operations in Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand

ChinaAg Comment: In July 2018, Luckin Coffee announced it had raised USD 200 million in its Series A round of financing. Investors included the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation (GIC) and Legend Capital, a venture capital firm that is a subsidiary of China’s Legend Holdings (HKG:3396)

ChinaAg Comment: In May 2013, New Hope Group established its first subsidiary in Egypt in Sadat, Monufia Governorate, and has since expanded its Egyptian animal feed operations to the governorates of Beni Suef and Beheira (as of early 2018)

ChinaAg Comment: In 2011, a joint-venture was founded between Yangzhou Perfect (a division of Perfect China, 51% share) and South Africa’s Leopard’s Leap Wines (49% share), which includes La Motte and De Klerk Presidential Blend wines

ChinaAg Comment: In July 2017, Uni-President Enterprises (UPE) and President Chain Store Corp (PCSC) sold their respective 20% and 30% shares in President Starbucks Coffee Shanghai Corp to Seattle-based Starbucks for USD 1.33 billion

ChinaAg Comment: As of 2015, Sanhe had an annual soybean processing capacity of 3 million MTs and 550,000 MTs of soybean oil, as well as being the only private Chinese company to own and operate Brazilian port

ChinaAg Comment: In late October 2013, Huapont Life Sciences announced it would acquire Shandong Fuer and Shandong Kaisheng New Materials, with the former having a strong business relationship with Germany’s BASF

ChinaAg Comment: In January 2015, Shanghai Bright Holstan and RRJ Capital (Hong Kong-based private equity) signed an agreement in which Bright Dairy would have a 55% stake in the company, while RRJ Capital would have a 45% stake (CNY 1.22 billion or ~US$198 million)

ChinaAg Comment: In January 2015, Shanxi Aokun Biological Agriculture was listed on The New Third Board (aka The National Equities Exchange and Quotations or NEEQ), a pilot trading platform based in Beijing for unlisted small/medium-sized Chinese companies

ChinaAg Comment: In January 2013, Summergate Fine Wines announced it would become the sole importer and distributor of Inglenook Estate in mainland China, a Napa Valley winery owned by Francis Ford Coppola (purchased in part from The Godfather profits)

ChinaAg Comment: In 2011, China Wanbao Oil and Grain Co Ltd. (via its subsidiary Wanbao Africa Agriculture Development aka Wambao) was brought in to manage the rice development project in Xai-Xai in southern Mozambique

ChinaAg Comment: In August 2016, China’s Wuhan Longfecund Agriculture Development announced it would promote sweet corn cultivation and construct a feed mill to produce glucose syrup in Cross River State, southeastern Nigeria

ChinaAg Comment: In 1979, Shazi Guazi ("Fool's Sunflower Seeds") was trademarked by Nian Guangjiu and a free market debate was sparked within China when he hired private employees during the late 1970s

ChinaAg Comment: In October 2016, the U.S. Commerce Department imposed preliminary anti-dumping duties on ammonium sulfate from China due in part from cheap exports from the Yantai-based Shandong Province, fertilizer companies of Wuzhoufeng Agricultural Science & Technology and Yantai Jiahe Agriculture Means of Production

ChinaAg Comment: Xiamen Bioway Biotech, a company that specializes in high-tech bioengineering and biological agriculture products, is a subsidiary of Sinobioway Group, which is itself affiliated with Beijing University

ChinaAg Comment: In May 2016, Xinjiang Hualing Industry & Trade, together with Beijing Jinfenghengye Agricultural Development, signed a MoU with the Georgia’s Ministry of Agriculture to develop the country’s tea industry

ChinaAg Comment: Initially given a mandate by Mao Zedong to develop and garrison China’s frontiers in the far west, the XPCC has emerged as the country’s leading cotton producers with Xinjiang cotton operations in the cities of Aral, Tiemenguan City, Tumxuk, and Shuanghe

ChinaAg Comment: In May 2017, Kweichow Moutai (SHA:600519) announced it would establish a joint venture with Xiuzheng Pharmaceutical Group to produce and market health tonic liquor (i.e. a liqueur that has been infused with herbs or animal products)

ChinaAg Comment: In September 2015, China’s YTO Group donated more than 580 tractors to Cuba (TecnoImport), with the most powerful tractors (160 horsepower) to be used to harvest sugar, while the less powerful tractors (65 to 90 horsepower) will be used to aid farmers and field laborers