Several senior female executives at Visa Inc. are expected to tell Chief Executive Alfred Kelly in a meeting on Thursday that they aren’t being given enough opportunities to advance at the card giant, according to people familiar with the matter.

Mr. Kelly called the meeting several weeks ago to hear female executives’ views, the people said. Driving his request: an internal survey of Visa employees last year that found female senior vice presidents were less satisfied with their jobs than male counterparts, according to one of those people.

In advance of the meeting, Mr. Kelly on Tuesday sent an email to all Visa employees announcing the creation of a women’s advisory group within the company. San Francisco-based Visa employs about 16,000 people world-wide.

Visa in recent months has grappled with several issues related to the treatment of women. In December, a senior male executive was fired for alleged misconduct. Earlier this year, at least one more male executive left the firm amid allegations of misconduct, according to people familiar with the matter. Meanwhile, a recent, top-level reorganization within some divisions amplified concerns inside the company about women’s representation in senior roles, according to people familiar with the matter.

The issues at Visa, the largest credit-card network in the U.S., are playing out against the broader backdrop of tension at a variety of companies over how women are treated and whether their opportunity to advance is skewed by biases that favor male bosses.

Mr. Kelly is scheduled to meet Thursday with female executives, including vice presidents, senior vice presidents and executive vice presidents, according to people familiar with the matter. Some of them are expected to tell Mr. Kelly that Visa fosters a “bro” culture that excludes women, one of those people said.

Mr. Kelly, who has been Visa’s CEO since December 2016, said he has been focused “on building an inclusive leadership culture.”

“I feel confident we are heading in the right direction. We are creating stronger development programs for diverse talent, increasing female leader representation and taking steps to increase our diverse pipeline, ” Mr. Kelly said in a statement.

The company’s 12-person management team has four women, while five of Mr. Kelly’s 10 direct reports are women.

The female executives meeting with Mr. Kelly are expected to focus on women’s advancement at the company. Among their top concerns: Women aren’t being given the same opportunities at the company as male counterparts, a person familiar with the matter said.

Separately, tension within Visa’s upper ranks increased in recent weeks after Jack Forestell, head of global products and solutions, sent an email announcing a reorganization involving his divisions, people familiar with the matter said. These include parts of payment processing and digital partnerships.

The reorganization included new positions for 14 men, some on an interim basis until permanent replacements are found, and one woman, according to the email, which was reviewed by the Journal. Mr. Forestell said in the email that his team needs to be more diverse “especially with respect to senior female leadership” and that he plans to make this a “key focus as we seek to fill our open and interim roles.”

In response, a female Visa executive emailed Mr. Forestell expressing disappointment in the lack of women’s advancement. “This morning, I spent hours on the phone with over a dozen women leaders who are frustrated and angry about the organizational announcement and the passing reference made to the diversity issue,” she wrote, according to a copy of that email reviewed by the Journal.

She added in the email that optimism “has faded” that the company genuinely cares about women’s progress.

The reorganization began after the company fired Jim McCarthy, who handled the company’s high-profile relationships with PayPal Holdings Inc. and Apple Inc. The December 2017 dismissal, reported by the Journal, followed former consensual relationships between Mr. McCarthy and female employees, and the discovery of an email conversation in which Mr. McCarthy told a lower-level female employee that she was good looking. Mr. McCarthy didn’t respond to a request for comment.

Following Mr. McCarthy’s exit, Mr. Kelly told employees at a regularly scheduled town hall meeting that Visa would investigate fully when it receives complaints from employees, people familiar with the matter said. In response to an employee question, Mr. Kelly said he could think of seven employees–whom he didn’t identify–that the company was looking into, the people said.

Some of the inquiries into those employees were closed after the company failed to find behavior that warranted dismissals, according to a person familiar with the matter.

Donald Boeding, head of North America merchant sales and solutions, left the company following questions about his conduct, among other issues, according to people familiar with the matter. This included an allegation of inappropriate behavior with other employees in a bar, one of the people said.

Mr. Boeding didn’t respond to requests for comment.

Write to AnnaMaria Andriotis at annamaria.andriotis@wsj.com

Breaking the story

AnnaMaria Andriotis was first to report Visa Chief Executive Alfred Kelly is set to meet with the company’s senior female executives on Thursday to hear their views and concerns about opportunities for them at the card giant. According to sources, the meeting was called by Mr. Kelly several weeks ago and prompted by an internal survey of Visa employees last year that found female senior vice presidents were less satisfied with their jobs than male counterparts.

Email *Please fill in the required field. By clicking submit, I agree to the Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy and I understand I will receive marketing communications from Dow Jones professional information products from which I may unsubscribe using the links provided.

Thank you

Thank you for subscribing, your information has been submitted successfully.