Yuba County, California History
Transcribed by Kathy Sedler
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Chapter XIV - Courts and Bar of Yuba County
Law may be said to have been introduced into Alta California in 1769, when the
Franciscan Padres, under the leadership of Father Junipero Serra, founded the
Mission of San Diego. The Padres had full civil control of the mission
settlements and administered justice, not as we have been accustomed to in our
courts of law, but in the manner best calculated to further the interests of
their religion and government. Later, when Pueblos were established, justice
was administered by an Alcalde (Judge), whose authority and that of the other
civil officers gradually encroached upon the jurisdiction of the Padres, until
finally, when the Missions were secularized, the civil power obtained supreme
control, its authority extending along the whole coast, and as far inland as the
military arm had strength to carry it.
Under the Mexican laws of 1837, we find the courts established as follows for
the territory of California. The highest court, having an appellate
jurisdiction and corresponding in character to our Supreme Court, was the
Superior Court of California, consisting of four Judges and an Attorney General.
It was divided into the first and second benches, the three senior Judges
composing the first and the junior the second. The first bench was called the
Court of the Third Instance, and its decisions were final. Appeals lay to this
court from the second bench or Court of the Second Instance. The latter court
had first jurisdiction of appeals from the Court of the First Instance, the
highest local court then existing, and having somewhat the powers of our
District Court. It became customary for the First Alcalde to discharge the
duties of Judge of the Court of the First Instance. The lesser magistrates
consisted of the Alcaldes and Justices of the Peace, whose duties were very
similar and corresponded closely to those of our Justices.
During the period intervening between the American conquest, in 1846, and the
establishment of the new courts under the Constitution in 1850, the courts
became seriously disorganized. In many places of recent growth, notably the
towns and cities that dotted the valleys, brought almost miraculously into being
by the inward rush of the eager gold seekers, there had as yet been no Court,
and no law but that administered by the settler and the miner. To remedy this
defect, Gen. Bennett Riley, then Military Governor, issued a proclamation, June
3, 1849, in which, among other things, he called upon the people to elect
Alcaldes and Judges, under the Mexican laws which were then in force, who should
administer justice until the courts could be established by the Constitution
should become clothed with the powers to be given them by that instrument.
It was by virtue of this proclamation that the inhabitants of the town of
Marysville, January 18, 1850, elected Stephen J. Field, First Alcalde, and J.B.
Wadleigh, Second Alcalde; these were the first magistrates in Yuba County.
Subsequently, Phil. W. Keyser was elected Alcalde of Eliza, Richard Snowden of
Nicolaus, Gilbert A. Grant of Vernon, and Henry Fairchild of Yuba City. Perhaps
the honor of being the first magistrate attaches to Gen. John A. Sutter, who in
the few years immediately preceding the American conquest was a Justice, or
Captain, of the Sacramento District in which his grants were situated, and which
embraced Yuba and Sutter Counties. However that may be, his authority
terminated long before this county became sufficiently settled to require a
local magistrate. The authority of the Alcaldes elected in January continued
until June, at which time the Judges of the courts, as established by the
Constitution, assumed the duties of their office. The election to fill these
positions occurred on the first Monday in April, and resulted in the election of
Henry P. Haun, County Judge and Chief Justice of the Court of Sessions; Wm. R.
Turner was appointed Judge of the District Court by Governor Burnett.
The courts established by the Constitution of 1849, and their history so far as
they relate to this county, are as follows:
SUPREME COURT
By the constitution of 1849, the highest judicial power in the State was vested
in a Supreme Court, with appellate jurisdiction of causes involving over two
hundred dollars, and in all cases of tax, municipal fines, and criminal cases
amounting to a felony, in questions of law only. The Court consisted of one
Chief Justice and two Associate Justices, any two of whom constituted a quorum.
The agreement of two of them was necessary to a decision. The term of office
was fixed at six years, one Justice to be elected in 1851, and one on each
second year thereafter. The Judge whose term was the first to expire was made
the Chief Justice. The first Justices were elected by the first Legislature and
one of them was chosen by lot, whose term should expire January 1, 1952, one in
1854, and one in 1856. The Governor was given the power to fill any vacancy by
appointment until the next general election. In February, 1852, Justice
Heydenfeldt, by joint resolution of the Legislature, was granted leave of
absence for six months. It became evident after his departure that the
remainder of the Court could not transact much business, because a disagreement
between them rendered a decision impossible. Therefore, March 25, 1852, the
Legislature passed an act authorizing the Governor to fill any temporary vacancy
by appointment. The next day Hon. Peter H. Burnett was appointed, but declined
to serve, deeming the act unconstitutional. April 2nd, Hon. Alexander Wells was
appointed. The constitutionality of the act was tested on an agreed case, and
the Court were divided in their opinions, Chief Justice Murray giving an opinion
against the legality of the act, and Justice Anderson, one in favor. There
being then no decision of the question, Justice Wells took his seat May 5, 1852.
When Justice Heydenfeldt returned he gave an opinion concurring with that of
Chief Justice Murray against the act, and thus it was declared unconstitutional;
not, however, until Justice Wells had retired from the bench. The
constitutional amendments of 1863 altered the composition of the Court,
establishing it as it is to-day. The number of Justices was increased to five,
one to be elected every second year with terms of ten years. Five were elected
in 1863, and the length of their terms decided among them by lot. The causes
which could be appealed were placed at those involving over three hundred
instead of two hundred dollars.
DISTRICT COURT
Under the law of 1850, Yuba county was the Eighth Judicial District, and the
first term of the court was commenced June 3, 1850, by Hon. Wm. R. Turner. The
jurisdiction of this Court was very large, including chancery, civil and
criminal. It had original cognizance in all cases in equity, and its civil
jurisdiction included all cases where the amount exceeded two hundred dollars,
causes involving the title to real property or the validity of any tax, and
issues of fact joined in the Probate Court. It had power to inquire into all
criminal offences by means of a Grand Jury, and try indictments found by that
body.
The first Grand Jury assembled June 4, and was composed of the following
citizens: - W. Fetter, foreman, F.W. Shaffer, Geo. Hubbard, W.W. Cleveland, A.T.
Farish, J.S. Kelly, W.W. Nelson, N.D. Meek, John H. Washburn, Wm. King, I.
Washburn, Normon Hudson, A.H. Johnson, Morton Cheeseman, W.E. Whitman and Wm.
Ferguson.
In 1851, the Legislature took from the court its criminal jurisdiction and
conferred it upon the Court of Sessions, leaving it the power of hearing appeals
from that court in criminal matters, and the power to try all indictments for
murder, manslaughter, arson, and other cases that could not be tried in the
Court of Sessions. At the same session the Legislature formed Yuba, Nevada and
Sutter Counties into the Tenth Judicial District. In 1851, Hon. Gordon N. Mott
was appointed by the Governor to fill the vacancy caused by the removal of Hon.
Wm. R. Turner to another district.
At the opening of the District Court, October 10, 1851, Hon. W.T. Barbour was
present, with a commission from the Governor as District Judge of this district.
He intimated that he desired an interview with Judge Mott before making the
formal demand for the office, and the court was adjourned till two o'clock in
the afternoon. During the recess Judges Mott and Barbour, together with the
members of the bar, held a consultation in the office of the Recorder. Judge
Barbour stated that he had a commission from the Governor as District Judge of
the Tenth Judicial District, given in consequence of his election to that office
by the people at the last general election, and that he had taken the
constitutional oath of office. Judge Mott stated that he also had a commission
from the Governor as District Judge, and claimed that, as his commission was
given to fill a vacancy in the office occasioned by the failure of the
Legislature to elect, and as it did not mention the term for which was to hold
office, it would hold till the election of District Judges in 1852. The
Constitution provided for the filling of such vacancies "at the next election by
the people," and the question of right lay on the interpretation of these words,
whether they meant the next election, or the next regular election for the
office to be filled. Upon the assembling of the court in the afternoon, Mr.
Barbour appeared and demanded the office and records (this course having been
previously decided upon), and then the court adjourned to allow the matter to be
carried to the Supreme Court. There it was decided that Mr. Barbour was the
rightful claimant to the position; he accordingly took his seat without further
interruption. In 1853, the Tenth Judicial District was changed by the
Legislature so as to embrace Yuba, Nevada, Sutter, and Sierra counties. Again,
in 1857, an alteration was made, reducing the district to Yuba and Sutter
counties; and in 1863, the size of the district was increased to four counties,
Yuba, Sutter, Colusa and Sierra, since which time there has been no further
alteration. The Legislature also, in 1863, raised the civil jurisdiction from
amounts over two hundred dollars to three hundred dollars, gave it exclusive
power to try indictments for treason, mis-prision of treason, murder, and
manslaughter. Since that time there has been but little change in the powers of
the District Court. A District Judge has authority to hold court in any
district, by request of the Judge of that district, or upon designation of the
Governor. The term of the Judge of the District Court was fixed by the
Constitution at six years.
COUNTY COURT
The County Court is held by the County Judge, whose term was fixed by the
Constitution at four years. Hon. Henry P. Haun was elected by the people of
Yuba county on the first Monday in April, 1850, and opened the County Court,
June 3, 1850. An appeal lay to this court in civil cases from a Justice of the
Peace and the Recorder's court. the business transacted by this Court was at
first necessarily very small. In 1863, the Legislature made the jurisdiction of
this Court to embrace cases of forcible entry and detainer. The Court of
Sessions having been abolished, criminal jurisdiction was given to this court
with power to try all indictments, except for those for treason, mis-prision of
treason, murder, and manslaughter, which indictments must be certified to the
District Court for trial. Since then there has been no change of note in the
powers of this court.
COURT OF SESSIONS
The Court of Sessions was composed of the County Judge as Chief Justice, and two
Justices of the Peace as Associate Justices, whose term of office was one year,
and who were elected annually by the Justices of the county. The first term was
commenced June 10, 1850. The duties of this Court included those now discharged
by the Board of Supervisors, which the court continued to perform until 1855,
when the Board of Supervisors was organized. In 1851, the power to inquire into
criminal offenses by means of a Grand Jury, was transferred from the District
Court to this court. All criminal indictments were tried here, except for
murder, manslaughter, and arson. In 1863, this court was abolished by the
Legislature.
PROBATE COURT
The County Judge is also Judge of the Probate Court. The jurisdiction of this
court embraced all probate matters. Issues of fact joined here were adjourned
into the District Court for trial, or by agreement could be tried in this court.
Afterwards, by act of Legislature, the Probate Court was given the power to
summon juries and try issues of fact. There has been no great alterations in
the powers of this court since that time.
RECORDER'S, MAYOR'S, AND POLICE COURT
The charter by which the City of Marysville was incorporated in 1851, provided
for a Recorder's Court, to be held by the Recorder of the city, elected annually
by the people. The first to fill this position was Gordon N. Mott, elected in
1855. The jurisdiction of this court extended to the city limits, and embraced
the same civil and criminal powers of those possessed by a Justice of the Peace.
It also had exclusive jurisdiction of all violations of a city ordinance,
nuisances in the city, vagrancy, and disorderly conduct. By the charter of
1855, the civil jurisdiction of this court was taken away. The office of
Recorder was abolished by the Legislature of 1862, and a Mayor's Court
established; all the powers of the Recorder were transferred to the Mayor of
the city, who held the new court. By act of the Legislature, the city was
re-incorporated in 1876, and the Mayor's Court was changed to the Police Court,
as it exists at present, with the same powers as those possessed by the Mayor's
Court. The Police Judge is elected annually by the Mayor and Common Council.
JUSTICES OF THE PEACE
By the law of 1850, the term of a Justice of the Peace was fixed at one year;
his jurisdiction extended to the limits of the township in which he was elected.
He had cognizance of actions on contract, for damages, and to recover specific
property when the amount or value did not exceed two hundred dollars. In 1851,
his powers were considerably increased. He had jurisdiction of actions to
recover money, for damages to personal property, for fines, penalties and
forfeitures, actions on bonds, enforcement of lien on personal property, actions
to recover personal property, and judgment by confession, where the amount in
all these cases did not exceed five hundred dollars, and on a bond taken by him,
even if the amount did exceed that sum, cases of forcible entry and detainer,
and the trial of the right of mining claims. The criminal jurisdiction included
vagrancy, disorder, petty larceny, assault and battery, breaches of the peace,
and all misdemeanors punishable by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars
and not more than one year's imprisonment. In 1863, forcible entry and detainer
cases were transferred to the County Court, and the civil jurisdiction reduced
to amounts not exceeding three hundred dollars. In 1870, the jurisdiction of
this court in cases of misdemeanors was extended to fines of one thousand
dollars and imprisonment one year. In 1874, this jurisdiction was reduced to
fines of five hundred dollars and six months imprisonment. In the city of
Marysville, the Police Court has cognizance of criminal cases to the exclusion
of the Justice's Court.
UNDER THE NEW CONSTITUTION
The new Constitution, adopted by the voters in an election held May 7, 1879,
changes the whole system of judiciary. Article VI., Section 1, of that
instrument reads: "The judicial power of the State shall be vested in the
Senate sitting as a Court of Impeachment, in a Supreme Court, Superior Courts,
Justices of the Peace, and such inferior Courts as the Legislature may establish
in any incorporated city or town, or city and county." The Supreme Court is to
consist of a Chief Justice and six Associate Justices, elected by the people,
and their term of office is fixed at twelve years. There are to be twelve
Judges of the Superior Court in the City and County of San Francisco, two in
each of the counties of Sacramento, San Joaquin, Los Angeles, Sonoma, Santa
Clara, and Alameda, one in the counties of Yuba and Sutter combined, and one in
each of the other counties of the State.
The Superior Court combines the duties and powers of the present District,
County, and Probate Courts. The term of a Judge of the Superior Court is fixed
at six years. The Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts will be chosen at
the next general election, and will assume their duties on the first of January,
1880. The powers and duties of these courts will be defined by the Legislature
at its next session. "The Legislature shall determine the number of Justices of
the Peace to be elected in townships, incorporated cities and towns, or cities
and counties." It will also have the power to establish inferior Courts.
THE BAR
The disciples of the law have played an important part in the history of this
county, and much of its success is due to the efforts of these gentlemen. Most
of those in the profession during the pioneer days of the county have moved to
other localities, some rising to prominence, some sinking into oblivion, and
others are numbered with the dead. The Bar of Yuba has always been, and is now,
justly celebrated for the learning, culture, and ability of its members, and has
given to the country many who have achieved a national reputation in the higher
walks of political and judicial life.
In the following list, the date immediately following the name is the year in
which practice was commenced at this Bar. Although some of the gentlemen came
to the State prior to 1850, yet none are marked earlier than that, as the courts
did not assume their duties until June of that year. The second date is the
year of death, or removal from this Bar. Those marked (*) are still practicing
here.
Sidney Abell, 1854. Came from New York. Died - -
* L.J. Ashford, 1861. From Canada. Associate Justice of Court of Sessions,
1860. Admitted to the Bar here in 1861.
Francis L. Aude, 1850-62. Born in Kentucky. Came from Missouri. Supervisor,
1857. Member of the Assembly, 1858-59. Went to Virginia City in 1862, and
from there to San Francisco. Now lives in Virginia City, Nevada.
W.T. Barbour, 1851-60. From Kentucky. District Judge here from 1852 to 1858.
Went to Virginia City in 1860, where he died.
F. Barnard, 1851-57. From New York. Died at Parks' Bar, 1857.
R. Barnard, 1853. From New York. Died here in 1856.
G.G. Barnard, 1853-54. From New York. Returned to New York in 1854. Became
Recorder of New York City, and Judge of the Superior Court in that city, and
was impeached for complicity in the Tammany frauds in 1873.
* I.S. Belcher, 1853. From Vermont. District Attorney, 1856-57. City
Attorney, 1859. District Judge, 1864-69. Justice of the Supreme Court, 1870.
* Wm. C. Belcher, 1856. From Vermont. City Attorney, 1858. School
Commissioner, 1868-69 and 1872-77.
* E.A. Belcher, 1876. From Vermont. Admitted by Supreme Court in 1876. City
Attorney, 1879.
John V. Berry, 1850-53. From New York. Died in Marysville in 1853.
J.C. Black, 1863-64. From -----. Moved to San Jose in 1864.
* S.M. Bliss, 1851. From Pennsylvania. Member of Court of Sessions, 1853.
County Judge, 1854-58, 1868-75, and 1877-79. District Judge, 1859-63.
Chas. H. Bryan, 1851-60. From Ohio. District Attorney, 1852. Member of
State Senate, 1854. Justice Supreme Court, 1855. Went to Virginia City,
1860. Died at Carson City, 1878.
W.C. Burnett, 1854-58. From New York. State Senator, 1856-57. Went to San
Francisco, 1858, and is now City and County Attorney there.
* Wm. L. Campbell, 1873. From Indiana. Editor Wheatland Free Press, 1874,
and 1876.
* F.F. Carnduff, 1877. From New York. Editor Wheatland Recorder. Grand
Lecturer A.O.U.W.
Nicholas Carroll, 1854-55. From New York. Died in San Francisco.
* D.H. Cowden, 1876. From Iowa. County Judge of Sierra County, 1872-76.
Frank B. Crane, 1871. District Attorney of Sutter County, 1874. Now farming
in Yuba county.
Timothy Dame, 1859-61. From Indiana. Went to San Jose in 1861.
M.Van B. Dauby, 1852-56. From New York. Died here in 1856.
* Edwin A. Davis, 1870. From New York. District Attorney in 1872-76, and
1878-79.
Charles E. DeLong, 1857-63. From New York. Member of Assembly, 1858-59.
State Senator, 1861-62. Went to Virginia City, 1863. Minister to Japan,
1869. Died in 1877.
Francis J. Dunn, 1852-57. From Wisconsin. Born in Kentucky. Went to Nevada
county in 1857, where he died in 1872.
J.G. Eastman, 1864-72. From Ohio. City Attorney, 1870-71. Moved to San
Francisco, 1872. Now in Los Angeles.
B.E.S. Ely, 1858-59. From Pennsylvania. Member of Assembly, 1858. Is now a
minister in southern part of State.
Stephen J. Field, 1850-63. From New York. First Alcalde of Marysville, 1850.
Member of Assembly, 1851. Justice Supreme Court, 1859. United States
Circuit Judge, California, 1863. Was elevated to the Supreme Bench of the
United States in 1863, which position he now holds. He is a brother of Cyrus
W. and David Dudley Field.
Charles E. Filkins, 1851-75. From New York. County Judge, 1861. City
Attorney, 1873. Died in Marysville, 1876.
J.J. Foster, 1854-60. From Tennessee. Went to Virginia City, 1860. Died in
Austin, Nevada, in 1867.
* J. Fuller, 1879. From Michigan.
Jesse O. Goodwin, 1850. From New York. District Attorney, 1850-51.
Supervisor, 1855. State Senator, 1857-58, and 1878-79. City Recorder, 1859.
County Judge, 1862-67. Died, 1879.
George C. Gorham, 1859-60. Was admitted here but never practiced. Editor of
the Marysville Daily Enquirer, 1855-56, and the Marysville National Democrat,
1859. On the San Francisco Nation, 1860, and the Sacramento Union, 1861.
Clerk in United States District Court, 1865-67. Candidate for Governor, 1867.
Secretary United States Senate, 1868-79. Secretary National Republican
Executive Committee, 1876. Now resides in Washington.
E.O.F. Hastings, 1861-62. From Ohio. At one time a Member of the Assembly.
Register United States Land Office, 1859. Moved to Washington, 1862.
Francis L. Hatch, 1854-63. From Texas. District Attorney, 1858-61. Went to
Santa Clara county, 1863. Is at present County Judge of Colusa county.
Henry P. Haun, 1850-61. From Iowa. Born in Kentucky. County Judge, 1850-53.
United States Senator to fill Broderick's unexpired term, 1860. Died in
Marysville, 1861.
David L. Haun, 1858-62. From Kentucky. Member of Assembly, 1861. Went to
Plumas county in 1862, where he was District Attorney and still resides.
Charles G. Hubbard, 1858-65. From New York. Moved to San Francisco in 1865.
Now resides in Eureka, Nevada.
H.C. Huston, 1854-56. From New York. Was killed in the Nicaragua expedition,
1856.
* S.L. Howard, 1876. From Missouri.
* Phil W. Keyser, 1850. From Maryland. Alcalde of Eliza, 1850. Postmaster
Marysville, 1852. County Judge of Sutter County, 1860-63, 1867-71. District
Judge, 1870-79.
Charles Keyser, 1858-61. From Maryland. Went to Nevada, 1861. Now lives in
Baltimore.
John B. Kyle, 1857--. From ----. City Recorder, 1860-61. Died ----.
William B. Latham, 1866-67. From Ohio. Went to San Francisco in 1867, where
he still resides.
Charles Lindley, 1854-62. From Illinois. Born in Kentucky. County Clerk and
Recorder, 1852-53. City Attorney, 1856-57. Receiver United States Land
Office, 1858. County Judge, 1859-62. Went to Virginia City, 1862. Code
Commissioner, 1871-72. Now resides in Tucson, Arizona.
Alfred A. Mace, 1860-63. From France. Went to Virginia City, 1863. Died in
San Francisco.
Lloyd Magruder, 1858-63. From Arkansas. County Clerk, 1856-57. Member of
Assembly, 1861. Killed by highwaymen in Washington Territory in 1863.
E.C. Marshall, 1854-56. From Ohio. Born in Kentucky. Member of Congress,
1853. Returned to Ohio, 1856. Now lives in San Francisco.
Leonidas Martin, 1850-56. From Alabama. District Attorney, 1854-55.
Returned to Alabama in 1856. Was appointed Minister to Valparaiso, where he
soon after died.
George May, 1858-71. From Missouri. Went to the lower part of the State in
1871.
F.J. McCann, 1850-70. From Kentucky. Born in Maryland. County Judge, Sierra
county, 1856. District Attorney, 1864-65. Went to Santa Cruz in 1870, where
he now resides.
John T. McCarty, 1850-59. From Indiana. City Recorder, 1857-58. Died here
in 1859.
J.W. McCorkle, 1850-63. From Ohio. Member of the Legislature, 1851. Elected
to Congress, 1851. Moved to Virginia City, 1863. Went to San Francisco,
1868. Now resides in Washington, engaged in prosecuting claims against
Mexico.
R.H. McDaniel, Jr. 1861-68. From Mississippi. Died in Marysville in 1868.
W.H. McGrew, 1861. Admitted here. Lived in Sutter county; now in southern
part of State.
J.A. McQuaid, 1857-64. From Ohio. Moved to Virginia City, 1864. Now lives
in Mono County.
I.C. McQuaid, 1852-59. From Ohio. Moved to Sutter county, 1859. District
Attorney Sutter county, 1859-63. Died a few years ago.
R.R. Merrill, 1857-73. From Ohio. District Attorney, 1866-69. Died in
Marysville in 1873.
R.S. Mesick, 1851-63. From New York. State Senator, 1857. Moved to Virginia
City, 1863. Was District Judge in Nevada. Resides in San Francisco.
Wm. S. Mesick, 1854-60. From New York. Went to Virginia City, 1860. Now
lives in Sacramento.
R.C. Milne, 1858-60. From Vermont. Died in Marysville in 1860.
Henry K. Mitchell, 1856-63. From New York. Moved to Virginia City, 1863.
Resides in San Francisco.
John H. Mitchell, 1850-51. Died in Marysville in 1851.
Zach Montgomery, 1854-64. From Kentucky. Member of the Assembly, 1860. Went
to San Francisco in 1864. Editor Occident and Vanguard, 1864. Was a member
of the Legislature. Now resides in Oakland.
Gordon N. Mott, 1850-60. From Ohio. Served in the Mexican war. First County
Judge of Sutter county. District Judge, 1851. City Recorder, 1855.
Appointed Judge of the Supreme Court in Nevada, 1861. Delegate to Congress,
1863-64. Court Commissioner, 19th District, San Francisco, since 1874.
Samuel B. Mulford, 1850-63. From Pennsylvania. District Attorney, 1850.
City Recorder, 1856. Died at Marysville, 1863.
* Wm. G. Murphy, 1863. From Tennessee. District Attorney, 1870-72. City
Attorney, 1875-79. Went to Virginia City in 1863, and returned in 1866.
H.L. Pierson, 1869-78. From Louisiana. Lived in Sutter county. Died in
1878.
James McC. Reardon, 1857-75. From Maryland. Went to Virginia City, 1861.
Clerk Supreme Court, Nevada, 1863. Returned to Marysville in 1867, where he
died in 1875.
T.B. Reardon, 1851-63. From Maryland. County Clerk Sutter county, 1850-51.
County Judge, Sutter county, 1851-52. Went to Virginia City, 1863. Now
District Judge Fourteenth California District.
George Rowe, 1850-73. From Ohio. County Treasurer, 1851-54. District
Attorney, 1862-63. Died in Marysville in 1873.
Wallace Rowe, 1860-62. Admitted to the Bar here. Died in 1862.
Oscar Rowe, 1868. Admitted here and went to Texas.
D.R. Sample, 1863-65. From Indiana. Went to Sacramento in 1865, where he
afterwards died.
S.P. Semper, 1861-72. From England. Admitted here, but did not practice.
Died in Marysville in 1873.
Ezra K. Sherwood, 1855-56. From New York. Was killed by accident in 1856.
Elwood P. Sine, 1861-63. From Indiana. Went to Nevada in 1863, where he now
lives.
* Wm. Singer, 1854. From Missouri. Born in Pennsylvania. Justice of Court
of Sessions, 1853-55 and 1857-59. Mayor of Marysville, 1858-59.
Wm. F. Smith, 1855-56. From New York. Went to San Francisco in 1856, where
he now resides.
S.B. Smith, 1855-61. From New York. Was a Commissioner of the Indian War
Debt. Left Marysville in 1861, and now resides in New York.
Gabriel N. Swezy, 1850-75. From New York. District Attorney, 1853. City
Attorney, 1856. Member of the Assembly, 1857. Died in Marysville in 1875.
Joseph Tidball, 1858-60. From Virginia. Died in Marysville in 1860.
Wm. R. Turner, 1850-51. From Mississippi. District Judge, 1850. Judge of
Humboldt District, 1851-56. Died in Humboldt county.
Peter Van Clief, 1870-78. From Ohio. Moved to San Francisco in 1878.
Wm. Walker, 1851-53. From Tennessee. Editor of San Francisco Herald, 1850.
Lender of the filibustering expedition to Lower California in 1853-54.
Editor in Sacramento in 1855. Leader of the celebrated invasion of Nicaragua,
where he was captured and shot September 12, 1860. He was known as "the
Gray-eyed Man of Destiny."
Henry P. Watkins, 1850-63. From Missouri. Born in Kentucky. District
Attorney, 1850. Second in command of the Lower California expedition,
1853-54. State Senator, 1860-61. Moved to Alameda county, where he died
about 1876.
E.D. Wheeler, 1858-60. From New York. County Clerk and Recorder, 1851.
State Senator, 1859. District Judge in San Francisco since 1870.
N.E. Whitesides, 1851-76. From Illinois. Speaker of the Assembly, 1858.
Died in Marysville in 1876.
W.P. Wilkins, 1856-57. From North Carolina.
W.L. Willis, 1853-55. From Alabama. Born in Tennessee. Died in Marysville
in 1855.
Gilbert E. Winters, 1852-55. From Ohio. Mayor in 1854. Died in Marysville
in 1855.