[IJCST-V6I6P4]:Eng.Wisam Noraddin Nasr, Prof . Ali Ahmad Mahmoud

The device is a temperature control system that can be used to control the heat of many household appliances has been applied and obtained results in the cases of iron and domestic water heater. Through this system, the control was replaced by an on-off thermostat. In this case, the maximum power of the device is in the case of 1-ON and 0-OFF in the case of separation. This system has been replaced with a contnious system that controls the energy to be compensated to compensate for the loss only, which depends on the conditions of the external medium and therefore there is no need to drag the maximum energy to maintain the output, which is the temperature at a specified value. This new system achieved energy savings ranging from (32-80%) depending on the state of the external medium (medium temperature for the iron and water-water consumption-moisture degree of clothing for the iron).

RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

Designing Temperature Control System to Reduce Energy

Consumption in Buildings Eng.Wisam Noraddin Nasr [1], Prof . Ali Ahmad Mahmoud [2] Master of Industrial Automation Engineering [1], Professor [2] Industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Technical Engineering Tartous University SyriaABSTRACTThe device is a temperature control system that can be used to control the heat of many household appliances hasbeen applied and obtained results in the cases of iron and domestic water heater.Through this system, the control was replaced by an on-off thermostat. In this case, the maximum power of thedevice is in the case of 1-ON and 0-OFF in the case of separation.This system has been replaced with a contnious system that controls the energy to be compensated to compensatefor the loss only, which depends on the conditions of the external medium and therefore there is no need to dragthe maximum energy to maintain the output, which is the temperature at a specified value.This new system achieved energy savings ranging from (32-80%) depending on the state of the external medium(medium temperature for the iron and water - water consumption - moisture degree of clothing for the iron).Keywords:- Temperature Control

I. INTRODUCTION energy-saving control systems in these equipments,

And has been taking the irons and study on it.Why was the construction sector selected? II. HOW DOES THE IRONS WORK AND WHAT ARE THE HEAT CURVES AND THEIR ABILITY? The following figure shows the circuit diagram of the iron [3]:

Figure 1 Energy consumption diagram of building

Figure (1) shows that energy consumption in

buildings is about 40% of the total consumptionvalue and the buildings are divided into residentialbuildings and commercial offices [1]. The figure also Figure 2 Electrical circuit of the ironshows that energy consumption in refrigeration andair conditioning equipment takes the largest The results of tests on the machine were as follows:proportion of consumption. Hence, it was necessaryto select some electrical equipment, study theprinciple of its working state and work on designing

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Figure 5 Iron circuit

Figure 3:Curved capacity

III. DESIGNING CONTROL SYSTEM

[5] In this research we did the following: • The temperature control system was designed for various electrical equipment. • The electrical equipment was modified as we removed the (on-off)digital controls and replaced them with the temperature control system circuit . • Actual temperatures were measured by temperature sensors before and after using the control circuit. • The temperature difference between the reference temperature and the temperature measured by the sensor, was calculated and sent to a precise controller that uses a reverse feeding signal. The smaller the difference, the less effort voltage. • The system has been tested on several equipmentFigure 4: Curved heat (1000W electric jug - 2500W electric heater - 2500W washing machine - 600W iron). The results wereFrom the curves in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the time of compared with a similar process using digital control.separation and connection of the iron varies The feedback and power control system designed foraccording to the surrounding electrical equipment consists of:ambient conditions, and each time the iron takes the • Zero-pass detection circuitfull capacity necessary for its operation, the • Temperature sensorsconsumption is therefore large. • Microcontroller (Arduino uno)From here ,we came up with a control system that • TRIAC and associated circuitsachieves temperature stability with less energy • The electrical equipment to be controlled with, andconsumption (we only give the needed energy to study energy saving on Figures 6 and 7, respectively,compensate heat loss caused by the work of the show a diagram of the circuit, a feedback form, andequipment which is due to loss. the power control system

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• Full-wave rectifier. In each cycle of the sine wave,

there are two zero crossing points: one occurs when the signal changes from negative to positive, and the other from positive to negative. • R1-R2 is used to protect the transistor from high currents. • Transistor. The output signal enters the microcontroller. The signal emerging from the zero-transit circuit is wide pulses at a frequency of 50 Hz. The voltage source must be the same as the main transformer source; otherwise the phase shift may occur to affect the accuracy of the control.

Figure 6: Process circuit.

Figure 8: zero-crossing detecting circuit

V. TRIAC CONTROL CIRCUIT

A power TRIAC (Q4025L6-ND, Teccor Electronics

Inc., Des Plaines, IL, U.S.A) was used to control the AC source (120V, 60Hz), . The TRIAC was wired toFigures 6: diagram of the circuit the low-voltage side (the primary coil) of the high- voltage transformer.IV. ZERO-CROSSING DETECTION To conduct the reverse current that may occur in the CIRCUITS TRIAC during the power-off period, an RC circuit was installed in parallel with the anode-cathode ofA zero-crossing detection circuit was developed to the TRIAC (Fig. 9(.provide trigger signals — a pulse train to themicrocontroller for a phase -control of the heater(Figure 7). The zero-crossing detection circuitconsisted of: • Adapter to reduce voltage.

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Figure 11: Power curve of the circuit with control

system

Figure 9: Triac output circuit to control loads

A MOC3012 opto-coupler was used as a high voltageisolator to protect the microcontroller> 250R1 was used to load majority of the +5V of the signal 200to protect the MOC3012; R2 was used to dissipatethe reverse current to speed up the reaction time of 150the MOC3012.R2 must be much larger than R1 to ensure that most 100of the input voltage Vi is directed to the MOC3012.. 50In phase control, after each zero-crossing point, thepower was cut away at a “delay” angle (in time) and 0then conducted for a “conduction” angle (in time) 80 60 40 20 0(Figure10). magnetron. time.

Figure 12: curved heat circuit with a control system

VII. COMPARISON RESULTS

10 20 30 40 60 80 90 % % % % % % %

W(wh 50 100 150 200 300 400 500

) 0 With out contr ol W(wh 65 68 71 74 77 81 84Figure 10 Concept of phase control (Courtesy: )Teccor Electronics Inc.( With contrVI. RESULTS OF TESTS WITH A olCONTROL SYSTEM Table1 : Comparison of results in case of different degree of application of the role