Saturday, November 27, 2010

The numbers in the drawing above are those that Portsmouth City Clerk Jo Ann Aeh wrote on the back of the sixty-six Recall Mayor Murray petitions as she took count of the signatories, a count that local and state law stipulates should be taken and sworn to by the circulators of the petitions, not by the city clerk. Aeh's numbers are now in dispute and under review by the Ohio Supreme Court, which previously, back in 1997, reprimanded her for mistreating recall petitions.

As Corey Columbo, Esq., of the McTigue-McGinnis law firm pointed out in a brief filed with the Supreme Court on November 23rd, 2010 on behalf of Portsmouth’s embattled mayor Jane Murray, Ohio Revised Code 3501.38(E)(1) stipulates that circulators of recall petitions must write down the number of signatories (i.e., signers of petitions) and sign an affidavit swearing to the accuracy of that number. The circulator must also swear that he or she witnessed the signing of the petition by each signatory and that each signatory, to the best of the circulator’s knowledge, was a registered voter. The purpose of this requirement is to prevent signatures being added, wittingly or unwittingly, fraudulently or inadvertently, after the circulator has signed the affidavit. The integrity of the electoral process is indispensable to the survival of American democracy. When voters lose faith in the integrity of the electoral process, they can lose faith in democracy.

Before they submitted their recall petitions to the Portsmouth city clerk, circulators swore to a notary under oath that they had witnessed all the signatures appended to the petitions; but the oath they took is worth little, practically speaking, if the circulator fails to write down on the petition the exact number of signatories he or she is swearing to, which all circulators failed to do in both the first and second Recall Mayor Murray petition drives. There are twenty-five lines for signatures on the recall petitions distributed to circulators by the Portsmouth city clerk. But not every one of the sixty-six petitions of the second recall attempt had every line filled. On two petitions twenty- four of the twenty-five lines were unfilled. An unscrupulous person who has access to a petition after the circulator signs it could fraudulently add names to it if the circulator has not written down the number of signings he or she witnessed. In the final count, the number of signatures the petitioners had over the required number of 1148 was only seven, according to city clerk Jo Ann Aeh. That is a slim margin, which could induce some people, given the bitterness of Portsmouth’s politics, to inflate the numbers to offset anticipated challenges to some of the signatories.

Indiscriminate and Careless

The large number of signatories who were disqualified suggests that too many of the circulators were indiscriminate and careless in their eagerness to reach 1148. O.R.C. 3501.38(E)(1) further requires a circulator to swear that all signatories were, to the circulator’s best knowledge, qualified to sign. But how can a circulator be sure of a signatory’s qualifications if they are buttonholing people on the street or in restaurants and shopping centers, as at least several of them did? One female circulator solicited signatures at the entrance to Kroger’s Supermarket and inside the Life Center at S.O.M.C., without getting permission to do so, until she was asked to desist and leave. The large number of signatories whose names were subsequently stricken because they were not registered suggests that some circulators, in their eagerness to get as many signatures as fast as possible, did not bother to ask everyone they approached whether they were registered voters and whether they had moved since they last voted. Moving without notifying the Board of Elections would have disqualified them as signatories. It is hard to understand why the Scioto County Board of Elections did not invalidate the petitions at the November 8th protest hearing since the Supreme Court in 1992, in Citizens for Responsible Taxation v. Scioto County Board of Elections, had ruled O.R.C. 3501.38(E)(1) required petition circulators to write down on each petition the number of signatories. The 1992 petitions were not for a special recall election, but the same Ohio Revised Code 3501.38(E)(1) applied to the tax petitions.

The early 1990s was only a decade, not a century ago. Is institutional memory so short in Portsmouth that nobody at the Board of Elections can remember even vaguely the 1992 Citizens for Responsible Taxation v. Scioto Count Board of Elections case, in which the Supreme Court reemphasized that circulators of petitions had to write down on each petition the number of people they had witnessed signing that petition? The Board of Elections denied at the first protest hearing in October that R.C. 3501.38(E)(1) applied to that first recall attempt, and Bihl’s lawyer reminded the Board in November at the protest hearing on the second recall attempt that having denied that R.C. 3501.38(E)(1) was relevant at the first protest hearing, the Board couldn’t very well turn around and say it was a valid argument at the second protest hearing. And the Board apparently agreed, and so the precedent of willful ignorance at the Board was upheld. If the Board was not right at either the first or second protest hearing, at least it was consistent. There used to be a popular radio quiz show called “It Pays to be Ignorant,” the opening jingle of which was, “It pays to be ignorant, to be dumb, to be stupid, to be ignorant.” That is the situation in Portsmouth where the rule is “go along to get along,” which requires keeping a closed mind, at least on those occasions when the control of the city by a corrupt clique is at stake.

Since Jo Ann Aeh in 1992 had already been city clerk for about five years, why did she in 2010 certify two sets of recall petitions even though they did not include the information required by O.R.C. 3501.38(E)(1)? Had she forgotten the 1992 Supreme Court ruling in Citizens for Responsible Taxation or had she found it more convenient, on behalf of the clique, to ignore it, even though Columbo had cited that case at the first protest hearing? In a gesture so typical of her unwarranted expansion of the authority of the city clerk’s office, it was Aeh herself who wrote down on the back page of each petition the number of the signatories on it, though not always accurately. The Supreme Court, and Columbo, following the Court’s example, emphasized that the requirement that the circulators write down the number of signatories on each petition was more than a technicality. Who writes down the number is not inconsequential. The fact that the city clerk, not the circulators, wrote down the number makes a world of difference, not only practically but legally speaking, as the Board possibly will learn next week when the Supreme Court is expected to hand down a decision.

The Count

The evidence Columbo presented and the case law he cited in his November 23rd brief to the Supreme Court to invalidate the petitions to recall Mayor Murray seem compelling. For example, the Supreme Court’s decision in Finkbeiner v. Lucas County Board of Elections, rendered just last year, offers fresh reaffirmation of the Court’s position on the requirements that must be followed on recall petitions. Finkbeiner was the mayor in the Home Rule city of Toledo who, under another subsection of O.R.C. 3501.38, challenged the petitions of those who were seeking to remove him from office. The Supreme Court ruled in Finkbeiner's favor and he served out the remainder of his term. It is hard to see how the Supreme Court could not issue either a Writ of Prohibition, to prevent the special recall election on December 7th, or a Writ of Mandamus, ordering the Scioto County Board of Elections to sustain Murray’s objections. But I now know enough about Home Rule to realize how much I don’t know. What I do know is that the case law related to recalls in Home Rule states, such as Ohio, does not provide the same degree of consistency as in non-Home Rule states in regard to legal precedent. Because of the murkiness in Home Rule states on the question of what is a municipality’s and what is a state’s area of responsibility and authority, each case that arises is, if not unique, at least different. It is harder to predict how the courts will rule in Home Rule states because of the complications that arise between city charters and state statutes. But where the two are not in direct conflict, which Columbo argues is the case with the Portsmouth charter and the Ohio Revised Code in regard to 3501.38, the municipality is obliged to follow the state law, as the Portsmouth Charter acknowledges in Sections 143 and 165. Specifically, since there is no provision in the Portsmouth charter or ordinances prohibiting it, the Board of Elections is obliged to follow the state law requiring circulators to indicate the number of signatories.

The fact that all nine members of the Supreme Court are Republicans is not germane, at least in this case. The incestuous politics of Portsmouth are bi-partisan; it does not make much difference in Portsmouth whether someone is a Republican or a Democrat. It’s the numbers that count in this case; and the Supreme Court, like the Count on Sesame Street, can count. You can count on that.

“OK, all you kiddies in Home Rule states, let’s count together, up to twenty-five signatories. One signatory, two signatories, three signatories, foursignatories . . .”

Monday, November 22, 2010

"Let me get this straight, Mr. Wisniewski. You say you live in McDermott but because the notary didn't explain you put your John Hancock on the wrong line of the affidavit of the petition you circulated in Portsmouth to recall the first female mayor in its history and that the recall was begun by the ex-police chief who totaled two vehicles in the middle of the day but was not given a breathalyzer test and was later indicted as city auditor because he used public funds to repair his automobile and that the city clerk, known as the Dragoness, says everything is copacetic. Is that what you're saying?"

In my previous post, I pointed out that Portsmouth’s loopy Home Rule charter encourages shenanigans, particularly in regard to recall elections. I argued that the recall process should be no less carefully regulated than a general election. Instead, the current attempt to recall Mayor Murray is so sleazy and discombobulated that it makes a mockery of democracy. It starts with disgraced former indicted city auditor Tom Bihl, who initiated the recall, and includes the carpetbagging Ralph Wisniewski, who does not know where to put his John Hancock. Wisniewski is the husband of the drug store heiress Julia Smith Wisniewski, who was the chairperson of the Marting Brothers Company, and also of its successor, the notorious Richard D. Marting Foundation. Julia Wisniewski is a woman who, in my opinion, not only plays ball with the crooks who control Portsmouth, she is an All-Star at it. If Murray played ball with the SOGP with half the enthusiasm Julia Wisniewski does, you can bet she wouldn’t have to face one, let alone two, recall attempts.

I call Wisniewski a carpetbagger because he doesn’t even live in the city whose mayor he is trying to recall. He lives not in Portsmouth but in McDermott, Ohio, which doesn’t even have a mayor. Maybe he is jealous that Portsmouth has a mayor and McDermott doesn’t. Instead of a mayor, all McDermott has is a three member board of trustees. If Wisniewski wants to recall a mayor, let him circulate a petition in McDermott to change McDermott to a mayoral form of government. Portsmouth has a representative government but Murray doesn’t represent Wisniewski. Those three trustees represent Wisniewski. If Wisniewski is determined to recall somebody, let him circulate a petition to recall one of those trustees, and if he is not going to be able to get more than ten signatories, three of which turned out to be invalid, I don't think a recall in McDermott is going to be any more successful than it has been so far in Portsmouth.

Photocopy #1: Ralph Wisniewski’s unsigned affidavit

At the November 8th Scioto County Board of Elections hearing, Murray’s attorney Corey Columbo challenged the validity of Wisniewski’s recall petition but not because Wisniewski was unregistered to vote and lived in another town. Because of a loophole in the Portsmouth City Charter, Wisniewski could legally be a non-registered non-resident and still circulate the petition. Columbo challenged Wisniewski’s petition because he signed the affidavit in the wrong place. The law doesn’t require Wisniewski to be a registered voter or even to live in Portsmouth, but it does require him to sign a sworn affidavit that, “I, and I only personally circulated the forgoing petition paper,” etc. Wisniewski put his signature on the line where he was supposed to print his name and he left blank the line where he was supposed to write his signature. Apparently, Dana Wolery. who notarized Wisniewski’s affidavit, did not notice his mistake. But his mistake was no trivial matter. An affidavit is a sworn statement, in writing, made under oath in the presence of an authorized agent or representative of the state, in this instance a notary public. You don’t sign an affidavit on just any line, any more than you sign a check on just any line. Doesn’t the affiant’s signature (Wisniewski’s) have to be on the correct line for the affidavit to be valid? Or can Wisniewski get away not only with being an unregistered non-resident, but also with signing the affidavit on the wrong line? The Scioto County Board of Elections on November 8th voted he could, but it remains to be seen whether the Ohio Supreme Court agrees.

The affidavit as it is reproduced on the recall form that is currently being used by the city clerk’s office (Photocopy #1) does not include the word “Signed” before the line for the signature. But the Portsmouth City Charter, a copy of which is included on the city’s official website, includes the word “Signed” before the line where it should be signed.

Photocopy #2: The affidavit form as prescribed in the City Charter

At one time the city presumably followed the city charter and included the word “Signed” on the recall petition. But apparently “Signed” was omitted when the recall petition was revised, perhaps in 2004, if not earlier, either by the office of the city clerk or the Board of Elections. It may have been the 2004 revision that brought the century up to date, changing the 19__ to 20__. But the revised form omitted the word “Signed,” causing confusion. As longtime city clerk, Jo Ann Aeh should bear at least part of the responsibility. She may have been as careless in proofreading the form for the recall petitions as she was subsequently in certifying the signatures on them. The bottom line is that the form of the recall petition prescribed in the city charter (Photocopy #2) dictates the signature of all circulators, including Wisniewski’s, belongs on the line after the word “Signed.” If I heard correctly, Bihl’s attorney argued that Wolery had notarized Wisniewski’s affidavit, so Wisniewski’s signature, even if it was on the wrong line, could not be challenged. At one time, in baseball, the decision of the umpire, right or wrong, was final. That’s no longer the case in baseball, and I can’t believe it was ever the case in law that a notary’s signature could make what was wrong right. If the Ohio Supreme Court passes judgment on Wisniewski’s petition, I think they will rule it and all the signatories on it are invalid.

II

As Wisniewski did on petition #5, several other circulators began signing the affidavit on the wrong line. But on those other petitions, the circulators, or their notary, apparently noticed the circulator’s mistake, at which point the circulators printed their name over their signature, and then wrote their signature on the correct line. It appears there is an affidavit signature error on another petition that city clerk Aeh certified, petition #56, which was circulated by Robert Montgomery. Perhaps it is just a coincidence but Montgomery’s affidavit was notarized by Dana Wolery, who had notarized Wisniewski’s. On petition #56, Montgomery wrote his signature on the line of the affidavit where he was supposed to write it, but he also mistakenly wrote his signature on the line where he was supposed to print it.

Photocopy #3: Affidavit of Robert Montgomery on Petition #56

What should invalidate Montgomery’s affidavit and petition is not his mistake of writing his signature on the line where he was supposed to print it, but rather the way in which that mistake was dealt with. Instead of Montgomery himself correcting that error by printing his name over his signature, somebody else, possibly Wolery, emended it for him, but without initializing the emendation. This also might seem like a technicality, but only if you don’t see the recall process as a very serious business whose aim is to subject an elected official to a special election only months after he or (in the case of Murray) she has won a general election. The recall is a valuable option of the American electoral process, but the rules and procedures governing it should be no less strictly observed than those governing general elections. Not only a sloppy but even a casual standard in handling the recall process should not be tolerated. The rules in a pick-up game of basketball, in which there is no referee, are much more lax than they are in an official game, but the recall process is not a pick-up game and an elected official should not be recalled by opponents who are allowed to foul indiscriminately.

It doesn’t take a handwriting expert to see that it was not Robert Montgomery’s hand that printed his name above his signature. Nor does his name appear to have been printed by the same pen with which his signature was written. Why wouldn’t Montgomery have made the change himself, and made it with the same pen he wrote his signature with? And why wouldn’t he have initialed it to make it clear that it was he who had made the emendation? As Montgomery’s affidavit stands (Photcopy #3), it is not clear when the emendation was made or who made it. As a notary, Wolery had a responsibility to point out to Montgomery his error in signing his name where he should have printed it. But it was not her responsibility, nor did she have the authority, to emend the affidavit for him. For her or anyone else to emend the affidavit borders on forgery, especially since whoever printed Montgomery’s name did not initial that emendation. Not initialing the emendation only compounded the error. Ms. Wolery is no doubt an upright, honest business woman who made mistakes as a notary that the recall movement could greatly benefit from. My recollection is Columbo at the November 8th Board of Election hearing did not challenge the validity of Montgomery’s affidavit on petition #56, but he probably could have. But there were so many questionable signatures and addresses on so many of the recall petitions that it would have taken a battery of lawyers and researchers in the short time available to find and deal with them all.

For various reasons, Aeh subsequently invalidated six of the eighteen signatories on Montgomery’s petition and three of the ten on Wisniewski’s. The remaining nineteen signatures on both petitions that Aeh certified should be disqualified. According to the 25% percent requirement in the city charter, the petitioners needed 1148 valid signatories to put the recall of Murray on the ballot. In Aeh’s suspect count, the petitioners had 1155 valid signatories, just seven above the required 1148. If the seven signatories that Aeh had certified on Wisniewski’s petition and the twelve that she had certified on Montgomery’s had been invalidated by the Board of Elections, that would have put the number at 1132, sixteen below the required 1148. Columbo challenged a number of other signatories at the November 8th hearing and if any of those were invalidated the number would have been even lower and the recall election the Portsmouth City Council had said should take place could not have.

A possible explanation of why so many of the affidavits may be invalid is that most of them were notarized only in the hectic last few days of petition circulating, and the majority of those petitions were notarized on November 8th, which was the deadline for them to be returned to the city clerk. Both Wisniewski’s (#5) and Montgomery’s (#56) petitions were notarized on November 8th.

This whole desperate, disorganized, and undemocratic “Recall Mayor Murray” effort may be nullified by the Ohio Supreme Court. Because of the impending December 7 recall election, the Court has agreed to hear Murray’s challenge to the petitions on an expedited timetable. It would have saved a lot of time, money, and effort if the Scioto Board of Elections had done the nullifying, but that would have been too much to expect. The Board threw out the first recall attempt, but they could hardly be expected, given the incestuous politics of Scioto County, to do it a second time. And if that second attempt fails, the Board has someone else to blame, because Bihl was represented by an attorney from Ironton whose arguments in favor of the petitioners were very weak, but what else could they have been? But the Board, eager to be taken off the hook and clutching at straws, was only too eager to accept his weak arguments.

Trump Card

The case Columbo has presented on Murray’s behalf does not rest entirely on challenging individual signatories or petitions. His legal trump card, which he played unsuccessfully at the November 8th Board of Elections meeting, he will presumably play again before a more impartial body, the Ohio Supreme Court. Columbo’s trump card could invalidate not just dozens of signatories but every single one of the 1155 signatories Aeh had certified. Let us hope the Supreme Court does rule before December 7, because Section 155 of the loopy Portsmouth City Charter states that, with emphasis added, “if a majority of the votes cast on such a question [a recall] shall be in favor of the removal of such officer he shall, regardless of any defect in the recall petition, be deemed removed from office [. . .] and the vacancy in the office caused by such recall shall be filled as provided in this Charter for filling a vacancy in the office from which such officer has been removed.” That means that if the Supreme Court rules that the petitions are invalid, but makes that ruling after Mayor Murray loses a December 7 recall election, the results of that election stand and the President of Council, David Malone, replaces her as mayor, the Supreme Court notwithstanding. Can such things be? In Portsmouth, with its Home Rule Charter, apparently they can. (I will discuss Columbo’s trump card in my next posting on River Vices.)

Headline in the Portsmouth Daily Times about a decade ago
but which the Times now won't acknowledge

Saturday, November 13, 2010

For some time, Lee Scott has been saying that Portsmouth’s Home Rule charter (which you can find by clicking online ) is one of the things that has got to go if the city is to end the half century plague of political corruption, chronic unemployment, and rampant drugs and prostitution. I could not see how home rule, considered one of the positive innovations of the Progressive era, could be even partly responsible for Portsmouth’s many problems, but based on what I’ve learned from a close examination of the two recent attempts to recall Mayor Jane Murray, I now think Lee Scott is right. Portsmouth’s home rule charter, generally speaking, is an obstacle on the road to municipal progress. More specifically, it is a document so full of loopholes, archaicisms, and anti-democratic provisions that it is not hard to understand how the crooked clique that controls Portsmouth economically and politically is able, by means of it, to make a mockery of the electoral process. The Portsmouth charter is an invitation to manipulation, mischief, and misconstruction, and nowhere more than in Sections 27, 28, and 29. dealing with the recall process. For example, the Ohio Revised Code (ORC), which Portsmouth is not obliged to follow since it is a home rule city, states “The question of the removal of any officer shall not be submitted to the electors until such officer has served for at least one year of the term during which he is sought to be recalled” (ORC 705-92). But the Portsmouth charter cuts that waiting period in half: six months was all Murray’s opponents, those braying dogs, had to wait before trying to remove her, though she had defeated two male rivals, Kalb and Skiver, just seven months earlier. And the Portsmouth charter places no limit on the number of recall attempts that can take place during a mayor’s term of office, which is four years Averaging three months a recall effort, as he has so far, the disgraced former Portsmouth police chief and indicted auditor Tom Bihl, along with his fellow circulators, could continue to try to recall Murray over and over again in her remaining three years in office. There is nothing in Portsmouth’s charter to prevent Bihl from starting a third, a fourth, a fifth, a sixth, a seventh, an eighth, a ninth, a tenth, an eleventh, a twelfth, a thirteenth, and even a fourteenth recall attempt. If at first you don’t recall, the Portsmouth charter allows you to try, try, try again. Recall elections are no less important than the regular elections whose results they can overturn, and yet the recall process is scandalously unregulated and subject to abuse, at least when city clerk Jo Ann Aeh is involved. The circulators seeking to recall Murray, for example, do not have to be registered voters of Portsmouth, and do not have to be residents either. Ralph Wisniewski, one of the circulators, lives in McDermott, I believe, and he could live in Colorado or China for that matter, and it would not make any difference as far as the city charter is concerned. Unlike voters, the signers of petitions do not have to produce evidence that they are who they say they are, let alone prove they are registered voters. So many of the signers of the recall petitions turned out to be unregistered that it seems possible they were not even told by the circulators that they had to be in order to sign the petitions. The circulators got as many people to sign as fast as possible and left it up to the city clerk and Murray and her counsel to laboriously sort through the confusing and sometimes illegible results. If you throw enough mud at a wall, some of it is bound to stick.

Political Puppets

There are other degradations of democracy in the electoral process as it is prescribed in Portsmouth's home rule charter. ORC 705-92 calls for the voters in a special election to choose the replacement for a recalled mayor. But the Portsmouth charter does not give the electorate a say in who their new mayor will be. The Portsmouth charter stipulates that the president of the city council automatically becomes mayor when the incumbent mayor is recalled or vacates the office for any reason. Since the president of council usually gets to be president because he is the most pliable puppet on the council, the city is sometimes worse off after than before a recall. The city was worse off after, not before, Jim Kalb replaced his predecessor, Greg Bauer. I would say, in retrospect, that Bauer was the lesser of two evils, though others might argue they were equally bad. But Bauer did not humiliate the city the way the redneck Kalb did, and the public is not yet aware of the dire fiscal consequences of Kalbenomics, but they will learn soon enough no matter who is mayor.

If Murray is recalled, who would become mayor? Many of those who signed recall petitions apparently do not know that the serial adulterer and hypocritical preacher, David Malone, who is now the president of council, would be the next mayor. It is quite possible, given Malone’s incompetence in financial matters, that Portsmouth will be in a bigger financial crisis than it already is. Malone claims Portsmouth can pray its way to prosperity. Praying is no way to balance a budget. Malone doesn’t have a prayer of being elected mayor. Twice in the past he has run for mayor and been rejected soundly by the voters. If Malone is ever going to be mayor it will by means of the backdoorthe city charter affords him. He is waiting impatiently in the wings, hoping that the recall of Murray will succeed so that he can become the puppet mayor and receive his thirty pieces of silver. Is there any other city in Ohio, or America, that has, per capita, more religiosity and less ethics, more churches and less morality than Portsmouth?

ORC 705-92 has a provision to provide financial relief to a public official who wins a recall election. “If, at any such recall election, the incumbent whose removal is sought is not recalled, the incumbent shall be repaid the incumbent’s actual and legitimate expenses for such election from the treasury of the municipal corporation . . .” Since the Portsmouth charter does not explicitly say an incumbent who wins a recall election can not seek reimbursement for the costs of campaigning against a recall, Murray might be able to take advantage of that ORC provision. But Murray's greatest expenses, by far, will her legal fees, and it is a question whether those qualify as a “actual and legitimate [campaign] expenses.” In retaining McTigue and McGinnis, Murray engaged the legal firm that is recognized as one of, if not the best firms in Ohio in dealing with electoral disputes. If she hadn’t hired McTigue and McGinnis, she would have had small chance of defeating the well financed recall effort against her. The bumbling Bihl does not have the dough, but the Gold Dust Twins, Clayton Johnson and Neal Hatcher, do; and presumably they agreed to do more for the recall campaign than pick up the tab for the lunch at the Fork and Finger where Bihl and others on the recall team reportedly dined with them. Even if they are not able to recall Murray, the crooked clique could bankrupt her by repeated recall attempts. Financial grief, not financial relief, is what they want to provide her. One way or another they are determined to drive her out of office, if not out of her mind, and the city charter serves their purpose very well.

Beware the Dragoness

Perhaps no provision of the city charter serves the corrupt clique better than Section 27, which assigns the responsibility of validating the recall petitions to city clerk Jo Ann Aeh. Without her occupying the unelective office of city clerk, it is hard to imagine how the corrupt clique could have exploited the city charter the way they have for so long. Section 27 of the city charter says that the city clerk “shall serve at the pleasure of the Council,” but it is obvious to me that she serves not so much at the pleasure of the council as at the pleasure of the corrupt clique. Having Jo Ann Aeh judge whether recall signatures are valid is like hiring a dragoness to be a census taker in a chicken coop. The Supreme Court reprimanded the egregiously partisan Aeh for her mishandling of recall petitions back in 1997. Let’s hope the Supreme Court, with which Murray's lawyers have filed a complaint on her behalf, will put Aeh in her place again, and that this second recall attempt of Murray is the last one Aeh will ever oversee of anybody.

Home rule can be justified, just as states' rights sometimes are, as protection against the power of centralized authority: the state government, on the one hand, and the federal government, on the other. But states' rights were also used in the South to defend slavery and, after the Civil War, to perpetuate racism and discrimination. Home rule, at least in Portsmouth, is being used to defend not racism but cronyism and corruption. Veterans of the long struggle for honest government in Portsmouth have told me that all too often they were informed by county and state agencies and authorities, to which they had appealed for assistance, that they had no jurisdiction in Portsmouth because of its home rule charter. In some cases, particularly at the county level, that may have been the most convenient excuse, since county authorities are reluctant to do anything to break the stranglehold of the Southern Ohio Growth Partnership (SOGP) on Portsmouth, but in most cases their hands probably were tied legally by the charter. Home rule, which had been created in the Progressive era to empower the people, has become, locally, the means to essentially disenfranchise and electorally defraud the people of Portsmouth. In a special election, where the turnout is notoriously low, a mere handful can repeal the will of the people as it had been expressed in the previous general election. If Mayor Murray is recalled in a special election on December 7, that will be only the most recent reason to rue home rule in Portsmouth.

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About Me

Retired now, I was born in Boston, Massachusetts, hold B.A. and M.A. degrees in English from Wesleyan U. (Conn.) and a Ph.D. in American Studies from Yale, where I was a Research Associate at the Institute for Social and Policy Studies and a coordinator of a committee that organized international American Studies conferences during the American Bicentennial. From 1989-2006, I taught English at Shawnee State U., in Portsmouth, Ohio, where I was active in the faculty union, the Shawnee Education Association, serving four terms as president. I also served as faculty advisor to the student gay and lesbian group. I have served also as president of the Concerned Citizens of Portmouth and Scioto County, a community action group.
My scholarly interests have focused on the American Dream: the Myth and the Realities.
I can be reached at rforr1@roadrunner.com
A selection of my poems can be found at http://xpalidosis.blogspot.com The original contents of all blogs on this site are copyrighted @.