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Austrian Desserts and Pastries - Dietmar Fercher

Basics of the Sweet Austrian Kitchen

BASIC DOUGHS, BATTERS, AND GLAZES

BASIC DOUGH

The word dough comes from kneading, which says the most important thing about its creation. The basic ingredient is always a grain that has been ground and mixed with liquid, fat, eggs, nuts, sugar, and flavoring and finally baked. Most doughs are also suitable for freezing.

As the Pastry Turns

The invention of puff pastry is the stuff of legends. It is entirely possible that it was Viennese bakers who first got the idea to roll out butter on water-based dough to make it airier. Presumably this technique was brought north by Viennese journeymen and Danish pastry developed from leavened flaky dough in Denmark. It is not a coincidence that the otherwise thoroughly patriotic French call pastries made of this dough ‘Viennoiserie even today. Meanwhile in France, the expression millefeuille, which means 1,000 leaves, was invented for puff pastry or flaky pastry. That is admittedly one of the many little exaggerations that appear so often in the history of Grande Cuisine. In truth, a properly made puff pastry has more than 144 layers—which is still enough for it to be very flaky due to the trapped air and the water content. The important process of rolling out and folding the dough many times is known to pastry chefs as turning. Traditionally, you need four turns for the puff pastry to turn out perfect.

BASIC DOUGH FOR TARTS

Cream the butter with the granulated sugar. Add the lemon zest and salt and then the eggs. Incorporate the flour and cool the dough for 1 hour in the refrigerator, covered. Preheat the oven to 375 °F (190 °C). On a floured work surface, roll the dough out to the proper size and line a buttered springform with it. Cover with parchment paper and dried lentils or peas. Bake for 12–15 minutes. After baking, remove the parchment paper and lentils or peas and use the tart base as you wish.

Bake Time: 12–15 minutes

Bake Temperature: 375 °F (190 °C)

Ingredients for 2 tarts (10 in (26 cm) diameter)

2 sticks plus 3 tbsp (270 g) Butter, room temperature

1 cup plus 1 tbsp (240 g) Granulated sugar

2 Eggs

4 cups (500 g) Flour

Zest of 1 lemon Dash of salt

Flour for the work surface

Butter for the pan

Dried lentils or peas as weights

PUFF PASTRY

For the starter dough, first knead flour with butter, salt, rum or vinegar, water, and egg yolks to an elastic dough. Roll into a ball, cut in half, and let rest for about 30 minutes.

For the butter brick, knead the butter with the flour until smooth and form a brick. Roll out the starter on a floured work surface, lay the butter brick on top, and fold the dough over. From the center, carefully roll out the dough in all directions with a rolling pin without rolling it thinner than ½ inch (10mm). Then come the four turns.

First turn: Fold the dough over in thirds (creating 3 layers) and roll out again.

Second turn: Fold the dough over in quarters (creating 4 layers), cover the dough, and let it rest for about 30 minutes.

Third and fourth turns: Roll out the dough again and repeat the first and second turns. Then the dough will have a total of 144 layers (3x4x3x4). Let the dough rest in the refrigerator. It is best to wait until the next day to work with it further.

Ingredients for the starter

4 cups (500 g) Flour

3½ tbsp (50 g) Butter

1 Egg yolk

1 tsp (5 g) Salt

1 tbsp Rum or vinegar

¾ cup (180 ml) Water

For the butter brick

4 sticks plus 3 tbsp (500 g) Butter

⅔ cup (80 g) Flour

Flour for the work surface

DANISH PASTRY

For the butter brick, it is best to grate the cold butter into shavings with a coarse plane or cut into pieces. Mix in the flour and form a brick. Let it sit in a cold place (for several hours if possible).

To make the starter dough, mix yeast into the cold milk and then knead with the remaining ingredients to form a smooth dough. Roll into a ball with the heels of your hands. Cut in half, cover with plastic wrap, and let rest for 10 minutes in the refrigerator. As with the puff pastry (see p. 11), fold in the butter with a simple, a double, and another simple turn. Use dough as you please. Brown Danish pastry at 430 °F (220 °C) and finish baking at 350 °F (180 °C).

Ingredients For the Butter Brick

3 sticks (350 g) Butter

6 tbsp (50 g) Flour

For the Starter Dough

4¾ cups (600 g) Flour

½ cup (60 g) Confectioner’s sugar

4¼ tbsp (60 g) Butter

7 tbsp (60 g) Yeast

1¼ cups (300 ml) Milk, cold

1 Egg

1 Egg yolk

1 tsp (6 g) Salt

Dash of vanilla sugar

Zest of 1 lemon

Tip: Make sure that Danish pastry dough, which also happens to be called leavened puff pastry, is always kept very cool while working.

LEAVENED DOUGH

Mix smooth and coarse flour together. Crumble the yeast in a second bowl and mix with lukewarm milk. Mix in half the flour, dust the top with flour, and cover the starter dough with a towel (the towel should not touch the dough). Let rise in a warm spot for about 30 minutes. Beat in the salt, eggs, sugar, remaining flour, liquid butter, and oil with a cooking spoon until the dough separates from the side of the bowl. Cover and let rise another 20 minutes in a warm spot. Continue according to the recipe, but always bake in a closed oven from 430 °F down to 350 °F (220 °C to 180 °C).

Ingredients

3 cups (375 g) Flour

1⅔ cup (375 g) Flour, coarse

3 Eggs

½ cup (12 cl) Oil

Dash of salt

1½ cups (375 ml) Milk, lukewarm

5 tbsp (45 g) Yeast

⅔ cup (75 g) Confectioner’s sugar

1 stick plus 2½ tbsp (150 g) Butter, melted

BRIOCHE DOUGH

Warm the milk, mix in the yeast, mix in some of the flour to create a starter, and let rise in a warm spot until the volume has doubled. Mix the rest of the ingredients into the risen starter and beat the dough until bubbles form. Cover the bowl with a towel (the towel should not touch the dough) and let rise again in a warm spot. Repeat this process two more times. Finally, let the dough sit in a cold place for 1 hour and then fill the appropriate pan or make braids or buns according to the recipe. Bake for about 20 minutes in a preheated oven at 430 °F (220 °C ).

Bake Time: 20 minutes

Bake Temperature: 430 °F (220 °C )

Ingredients

6 tbsp Milk

5 tbsp (45 g) Yeast

8 cups (1k g) Flour

8 tbsp Sugar Dash of salt

5 sticks plus 2½ tbsp (600 g) Butter, room temperature

12 Eggs

What is Brie Doing in Brioche?

Culinary historians know a few things about the word brioche. For example, that this leavened bread, originally made without a starter, appeared for the first time in 1404 in a recipe manuscript. Alexandre Dumas, creator of the Three Musketeers and author of a large culinary dictionary, claimed that brioche was so called because in classic brioche, some brie used to be mixed into the dough. This theory is considered to have been disproven, because brioche can be traced back to the Norman root broyer/brier, which means nothing other than pounded/combined. So, no cheese in breakfast brioche. And cross my heart: marmalade goes much better. (See recipe on page 13.)

PÂTE BRISEE (LINZER DOUGH)

Cut the butter into small pieces and let soften to room temperature. Sift the flour into a bowl, add confectioner’s sugar, salt, vanilla sugar, lemon zest, and egg yolks, and knead with fingertips. Quickly knead in the butter (don’t take too long!), form a ball, and let sit for an hour in a cool place. Preheat the oven to 350 °F (180 °C). Roll the dough out thin and lay it on a baking pan or in the tart pan, stipple with a fork (poke several holes), and bake until golden brown. Let cool and then continue as desired.

Bake Time: about 8 minutes

Bake Temperature: 350 °F (180 °C)

Ingredients for 2 tortes (10in (26 cm) diameter) or 1 cake

base (12x18in (30x45 cm))

3⅔ cups (450 g) Flour

2 sticks plus 5 tbsp (300 g) Butter

1¼ cup (150 g) Confectioner’s sugar

1 Egg yolk

Lemon zest

2 tsp (10 g) Vanilla sugar

Dash of salt

One, Two, Three from Linz

Long before the invention of the Linzer Torte, the pretty Linzers were already known as outstanding bakers. In many old cookbooks, Linzer dough is named after them, even though in reality it is nothing but a classic pâte brisée. Because the sugar, butter, and flour are used in a ratio of 1:2:3, this dough was sometimes called a one-two-three dough in Austrian vernacular.

STRUDEL DOUGH

Sift the flour onto a work surface, make an indent in the middle, and add in the oil and salt. Add the water little by little and knead all the ingredients to a smooth dough that does not stick to your hands. Place the dough in a bowl and spread oil on top so that a skin will not form. Cover with a damp towel that does not touch the dough and let rest at room temperature for half an hour. Then use as you please.

Use: as apple, pear, or apricot strudel, or as decoration, such as strudel leaves

Ingredients for 10 Servings

2⅔ cups (300 g) Wheat flour

2 tbsp (25 ml) Oil

1 tsp (5 g) Salt

⅔ cup (150 ml) Water, lukewarm

Oil for spreading

10 Golden Rules for Successful Strudel Dough

Many housewives hesitate to make strudel dough themselves and instead reach for simpler premade products. Those who can say that they made their strudel themselves will get even more attention from guests. It is not as complicated as it looks by far. If you follow these golden housewife rules you need have no worries about the quality of your strudel:

1. Practice makes perfect. The second strudel dough will be better than the first. By the tenth, you will have the routine down. And by number twenty, at the latest, strudel will be as easy as the proverbial pie.

2. Make sure that the water is tempered well. Too hot is better than too cold.

3. Allow the dough an adequate rest before using it. Let it rest in a slightly warmed container that holds warmth well. Strudel dough does not like being cooled.

4. The strudel dough should always rest in a container covered with a towel or plate.

5. Roll the dough out with a rolling pin as evenly as possible and lay it on a sufficiently floured, warmed(!) cloth.

6. Remove all rings before working on this dough, because they can easily tear the dough during kneading.

7. Reach between the dough and the cloth with both hands. Make sure that the backs of your hands face up and are bent, and spread your fingers as much as possible.

8. As soon as the dough is on your two hands, you only need to move the dough back and forth in a steady rhythm, gently and without haste. The dough is elastic enough that it adjusts to this movement and gets thinner evenly without tearing.

9. As soon as the dough is as thin as newspaper (or, as they used to say, as translucent as a poppy petal), all bumps and thick edges must be cut off or pressed thin between your thumb and forefinger.

10. After adding the filling, move the dough only with the help of the cloth lying underneath. You only need to hold it tautly from the left and right and lift it slowly. Then the dough will practically roll itself together.

BUTTER STREUSEL

Mix the flour with room temperature butter, confectioner’s sugar, cinnamon, salt, and vanilla sugar and roll the mixture into crumbs between your hands. Use as you please or line a baking sheet with parchment paper, spread out the streusel, and bake at 340 °F (170 °C) until golden brown. Spread on a fruit tart or fruit waffle.

Ingredients for the Covering of a Tart

⅔ cup (80 g) Flour

4¼ tbsp (60 g) Butter

½ cup (60 g) Confectioner’s sugar

Dash of cinnamon

Dash of salt

1 tsp (5 g) Vanilla sugar

Tip: If you spread some melted butter on the streusel before baking, it will get crispier and be a prettier color.

Bake Time: about 5 minutes

Bake Temperature: 340 °F (170 °C)

PALATSCHINKEN (AUSTRIAN CRÊPE) DOUGH

Mix milk with eggs, granulated sugar, and salt. Mix in the flour last. Heat oil in a pan, pour in a thin layer of dough, and tilt the pan so that the dough can even out. Cook the palatschinken until golden brown, turning once.

Ingredients for 8 Palatschinken

1 cup (250 ml) Milk

1 cup plus 1 tbsp (140 g) Flour

2 Eggs

1 tsp Granulated sugar

Dash of salt

Oil for cooking

Tip: The classic Viennese way to eat palatschinken is filled with apricot marmalade. But they also taste excellent with fillings of various other marmalades, ground nuts, creamy quark, and ice cream, or garnished with chocolate sauce.

It All Depends on the Filling

The most important thing for pancakes is the consistency and fullness of the dough, but palatschinken, which originated in Romania and Hungary, are about delicateness. Palatschinken should be so fine and thin that the filling can shine and not be battered by dough that is too opulent or even soggy.

QUARK DOUGH FOR FILLED DUMPLINGS

Cream the butter with the confectioner’s sugar. Stir in the quark, then the eggs, and season with lemon zest, rum, and salt. Mix in the breadcrumbs and let set for 2 hours. Use as you please.

Ingredients for 15 x 20 Dumplings

1¾ tbsp (25 g) Butter

2 tbsp Confectioner’s sugar

2 Eggs

12 oz (350 g) Quark

Lemon zest

Splash of rum

Dash of salt

3½ oz (100 g) White bread crumbs

Tip: This dough works very well for fruit, poppy, nut, or chocolate dumplings.

Quark from the Pot

Topfen is the Austrian name for the type of cheese that is called quark in Germany. Topf means pot and topfen is simply cream cheese that comes from the same pot as the sour milk that made it. The technique of curdling skimmed milk with fermented milk cultures and rennet and then separating the whey from the fresh cheese was known to Mongolian pastoral people. The technique is around 9,000 years old. The watery, low-fat topfen has been popular since then. It is indispensable in the sweet Austrian kitchen for making sinful creams and fillings as well as lower calorie doughs and batters that are easy to digest. Topfen is also rich in vitamins and micronutrients and provides three times as much protein as milk, making it more filling.

Precisely because of these advantages, topfen is a sensitive raw product and should be looked after appropriately, especially in dessert cooking. That is why you should always be aware of the following rules:

Make sure that topfen is always white to creamy yellow, tastes mildly sour, is not secreting whey, and is not exhibiting any effects of going bad, such as mold, discoloration, or similar. Bitter tones in the taste are a sign that it is going bad.

Topfen should always be stored in a cool place, protected from light. At room temperature it will go bad quicker, become sour, and have a change in taste.

Caution: Topfen is very susceptible to strange smells. Thus, it should be kept in a tightly sealed container and never stored near strongly aromatic ingredients and food.

The more sour cream that topfen contains, the softer, smoother, and more spreadable it will be, yet also the higher calorie it will be. There are similar cheeses of varying fat content available.

CHOUX PASTRY

Bring water, butter, sugar, and salt to boil in a saucepan. Remove from heat as soon as the mixture begins to boil and stir in the sifted flour. Stir smooth with a cooking spoon. Place the pan back on the heat and stir until the dough separates from the pan. Remove from the heat again and now slowly mix in one egg after another (ideally with a hand mixer). The dough should absorb the eggs well and should not become greasy. Bake the choux pastry as directed in a preheated oven at 350–430 °F (180–220 °C) for 15–20 minutes.

Bake Time: 15–20 minutes (according to size)

Bake Temperature: about 350–430 °F (180–220 °C)

Ingredients For about 30 Profiteroles

1 cup (250 ml) Water

1 tbsp Sugar

4½ tbsp (65 g) Butter

Dash of salt

1 cup (125 g) Flour

3 Eggs

1

Bring water, butter, sugar, and salt to boil.

2

Remove from heat and stir in the sifted flour. Sit smooth with a cooking spoon.

3

Place the saucepan back on the heat and stir until burnt, until the dough separates from the pan. Remove from heat and stir in the eggs bit by bit.

4

Put the batter in a pastry bag with a star tip and squeeze out puffs.

5

Put the profiteroles in the oven.

6

Remove from the oven, let cool briefly, then remove from sheet.

BASIC BATTERS

Next to dough, batter is the most important foundation of baked goods and confectionary art. Its hallmark is a high proportion of eggs, which are used either together or separated into white and yolk. By using particular ingredients, such as chocolate, almonds, nuts, cocoa, or poppy, the flavor of batters can be varied in many ways.

COLD SPONGE CAKE FOR ROULADES

Preheat the oven to 400 °F (200 °C). Mix the egg yolks in with ¹/5 of the granulated sugar, a dash of vanilla sugar, salt, and lemon zest. In a separate bowl, beat the egg whites lightly, add the rest of the granulated sugar, and then beat the egg whites to stiff peaks. Fold the two mixtures together, but not completely. Sift the flour in and carefully fold in. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper and spread out the batter on it. Bake for 15–20 minutes. After baking, overturn onto parchment paper sprinkled with granulated sugar and carefully pull the parchment paper from the cake.

Bake Time: 15–20 minutes

Bake Temperature: 400 °F (200 °C)

Ingredients for 1 Roulade Yields 12x18in (30x45 cm)

10 Egg yolks

1 cup less 2 tbsp (200 g) Granulated sugar

Dash of vanilla sugar

Dash of salt

Lemon zest

8 Egg whites

1¼ cups (160 g) Flour

Granulated sugar for sprinkling

COLD SPONGE CAKE FOR SCHNITTEN

Preheat the oven to 400 °F (200 °C). Cream the egg yolks with the confectioner’s sugar, vanilla sugar, salt, and lemon zest. Beat the egg whites slightly, add the granulated sugar, and beat to stiff peaks. Fold the two mixtures together, but not completely. Sift in the flour and carefully fold in. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper and spread out the batter on it. Bake for about 10 minutes. After baking, overturn onto parchment paper sprinkled with granulated sugar and carefully pull the parchment paper from the cake.

Bake Time: 10 minutes

Bake Temperature: 400 °F (200 °C)

Ingredients for 1 Sponge Cake Base Yields 12x 18in (30x45 cm)

5 Egg yolks

3 tbsp (20 g) Confectioner’s sugar

Dash of vanilla sugar

Dash of salt

Lemon zest

5 Egg whites

7 tbsp (100 g) Granulated sugar

1 cup (125 g) Flour

Granulated sugar for sprinkling

COLD SPONGE CAKE FOR TORTES

Preheat the oven to 350 °F (180 °C). Beat the eggs, egg yolks, granulated sugar, vanilla sugar, salt, and lemon zest until creamy. Beat until the batter stops growing in volume. Carefully fold in the flour, and then stir in the hot clarified butter. Line a cake ring with parchment paper, fill with batter and bake for 35 minutes. After baking, overturn onto parchment paper sprinkled with granulated sugar. Carefully pull the parchment paper from the cake and remove from the cake ring.

Bake Time: about 35 minutes

Bake Temperature: 350 °F (180 °C)

Ingredients for 1 Torte (10in (26 cm) diameter)

5 Eggs

1 Egg yolk

⅔ cup (150 g) Granulated sugar

Dash of vanilla sugar

Dash of salt

Lemon zest

1 cup plus 3 tbsp (150 g) Flour

3½ tbsp (50 g) Clarified butter, melted

Granulated sugar for sprinkling

WARM SPONGE CAKE

Preheat oven to 350 °F (180 °C). Beat the eggs with the granulated sugar in a double boiler until a thick foam forms. Remove from heat and beat again. Mix together the flour and cornstarch and carefully fold into the beaten mixture. Stir in the melted butter. Line a cake ring with parchment paper and fill with batter. Bake for about 45 minutes. After baking, overturn onto parchment paper sprinkled with granulated sugar. Carefully pull the parchment paper from the cake and remove from the cake ring.

Bake Time: about 45 minutes

Bake Temperature: 350 °F (180 °C)

Ingredients for 1 Torte (10in (26 cm) diameter)

8 Eggs

1 cup plus 2 tbsp (250 g) Granulated sugar

1 cup (125 g) Flour

1 cup less 2 tbsp (125 g) Cornstarch

3½ (50 g) Butter, melted

Granulated sugar for sprinkling

CHOCOLATE SPONGE CAKE

Preheat oven to 350 °F (180 °C). Beat the eggs, granulated sugar, salt, and vanilla sugar until creamy. Beat until the batter no longer grows in volume. Carefully fold in flour, cornstarch, and cocoa powder. Finally, fold the oil in gently and bake for 35–40 minutes.

Bake Time: 35–40 minutes

Bake Temperature: 350 °F (180 °C)

Ingredients for 1 Torte (10in (26 cm) diameter)

7 Eggs

1 cup less 2 tbsp (200 g) Granulated sugar

Dash of salt

Dash of vanilla sugar

¾ cup (100 g) Wheat flour

⅓ cup (50 g) Cornstarch

5 tbsp (35 g) Cocoa powder

¼ cup (50 ml) Oil

The Biscuit Family

In German, sponge cake is called Biskuit. In the 1893 book The Universal Lexicon of Culinary Arts, it was written that Biskuit is one of the most digestible and, if simply prepared, healthiest baked goods. Therefore it is highly recommended for children and the ill and convalescing, as an accompaniment to wine for the latter. Even if modern doctors might not give this advice, sponge cake has not lost its popularity. Maybe it’s because sponge cake is only one member of the whole biscuit family, from which there are dozens if not hundreds of different fine baked goods that can be prepared.

It wasn’t always like that. When the ancient Romans invented a twice baked (latin: bis cotus), rock hard provision for their legions, they were not thinking about taste, but about shelf life. From bis cotus the French made bis cuit, and baked it just once, which propelled the biscuit to international success in cake and cookie form.

LIGHT POUND CAKE

Preheat oven to 350 °F (180 °C). Beat the eggs with egg yolks, granulated sugar, salt, vanilla sugar, and lemon zest. Sift the cornstarch with the flour and carefully mix in. Stir in the melted butter or oil and bake for about 55 minutes as a torte or ring cake, depending how you want to use it.

Bake Time: about 55 minutes

Bake Temperature: 350 °F (180 °C)

Ingredients for 1 Torte or 1 Ring Cake (10in (26 cm) diameter)

5 Eggs

3 Egg yolks

¾ cup (170 g) Granulated sugar

Dash of vanilla sugar

Salt

Lemon zest

¾ cup (100 g) Flour

½ cup plus 1 tbsp (90 g) Corn starch

4½ tbsp (65 g) Butter, melted (or oil)

HEAVY POUND CAKE

Preheat oven to 410 °F (210 °C). Cream the butter with the cornstarch, confectioner’s sugar, vanilla sugar, salt, and lemon zest. Mix in egg yolks little by little. Begin to beat the egg whites, add granulated sugar, beat to stiff peaks, and then blend into the butter mixture. Fold in the flour. Fill a buttered torte form and bake for 20 minutes at 410 °F (210 °C). Open the oven slightly and turn the temperature down little by little to 340 °F (170 °C). Continue to bake for about 40 minutes.

Bake Time: about 60 minutes

Bake Temperature: 410 °F (210 °C) lowering to 340 °F (170 °C)

Ingredients for 1 Torte (10in (26 cm) diameter)

2 sticks plus 5 tbsp (300 g) Butter

2⅔ cups (300 g) Wheat flour or

2 cups (300 g) Cornstarch

1½ cups (190 g) Confectioner’s sugar

Dash of vanilla sugar

Dash of salt

Lemon zest

6 Egg yolks

6 Egg whites

½ cup (125 g) Granulated sugar

6 tbsp (50 g) Flour

Butter for the form

All about Eggs

Eggs—Vade Mecum of the Sweet Kitchen

Nothing can change our modern eating habits, full of warnings about cholesterol. You can certainly reduce the amount of eggs in a modern cake. But without any eggs, you won’t get anywhere.

And you don’t have to. Even cholesterol skeptics admit that eggs have their nutritional benefits. In particular, they are relatively low fat and low calorie, especially the egg white, and yet rich in all sorts of vitamins and minerals such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphor.

Above all, eggs are ideally suited to baking and binding due to their physiological properties. When the egg whites are beaten, the proteins tear somewhat and are stretched out. The air that they capture in the process makes egg whites an ideal leavening agent.

The protein of the yolk also has its merits. It is somewhat less stable than that of the egg white, but is ideally suited to binding and thickening. But, of course, caution is necessary when heating egg yolk because it congeals easily under too much heat.

SHOPPING FOR EGGS

You can tell a good egg by the shell, which should be clean, undamaged, and even. Otherwise bacteria can get inside easily. That is why damaged eggs spoil more quickly.

Free range eggs exhibit a stronger taste and a more intensively yellow yolk due to the varied feeding situation of the hens. The slightly higher price of free range eggs pays for itself morally and in taste.

STORAGE OF EGGS

• Store your eggs in a cool, dark, airy place at about 54 °F (12 °C) and about 80 percent humidity.

• Keep eggs that you want to store for longer in your refrigerator at a temperature between 34 and 37 °F (1 and 3 °C).

• Keep your eggs as protected as possible from other aromas, because they absorb strange smells very easily. For your sweet kitchen, this is especially important, because you don’t want your cake to smell of vegetables or fish.

TESTING FRESHNESS

You can test the freshness of an egg using the water test. Place the egg in a glass of cold water and see what it does. If it sinks to the bottom, it is fresh. If the wide base of the egg floats up, it is about a week old. However, if it floats up off the bottom, it was laid two or three weeks before. You can check the freshness once more after you crack the egg. The egg should have no smell, the white should be compact around the yolk, and the yolk itself should be high and round and brightly colored.

Small, dark flecks are a sign that the egg has been fertilized and should only be used with caution.

At the round end of the egg there is an air pocket which becomes larger as the egg gets older.

HOW DO YOU SEPARATE EGGS?

Gently hit the egg in the middle with the back of a knife over a small bowl. Let the white run into the bowl and dump the yolk into a different bowl. It is particularly important when beating egg whites that there are no bits of yolk mixed into the white. So it makes sense to avoid breaking the eggs over a bowl that is already full of egg whites, because just a little bit of yolk could make them entirely useless.

HOW EGG WHITES ARE SURE TO SUCCEED

• Use egg whites that are somewhat older. They are better suited to beating.

• Keep the bowl as well as the mixing tool—whisk, stand mixer, or hand mixer—as cool as possible.

• It is best to use granulated sugar with beaten egg whites.

• Beat the egg whites without sugar at first, until it begins to bind together, and only then add the granulated sugar.

• Beat the egg whites—unless otherwise directed—until they are firm and so stiff that little glacier peaks form.

ALMOND CAKE

Preheat the oven to 340 °F (170 °C). Knead the marzipan well with water then cream with egg yolks, salt, vanilla sugar, and lemon zest. Beat the egg whites to stiff peaks with the granulated sugar and combine with the marzipan mixture. Sift the flour and cornstarch together and carefully fold in. Last, mix in the clarified butter. Bake for about 50 minutes.

Bake Time: about 50 minutes

Bake Temperature: 340 °F (170 °C)

Ingredients for 1 Torte (10in (26 cm) diameter)

9 oz (250 g) Marzipan paste

2 tbsp plus 1 tsp (35 ml) Water

7 Egg yolks

Dash of salt

Dash of vanilla sugar

Lemon zest

6 Egg whites

⅔ cup (140 g) Granulated sugar

¾ cup (100 g) Flour

¼ cup (35 g) Cornstarch

2¾ tbsp (40 g) Clarified butter, melted

NUT CAKE

Preheat oven to 340 °F (170 °C). Beat the eggs with granulated sugar, vanilla sugar, and lemon zest until creamy. Carefully mix in the nougat. Mix in the nuts, breadcrumbs, and flour and, finally, flavor with rum. Bake for about 55 minutes.

Bake Time: about 55 minutes

Bake Temperature: 340 °F (170 °C)

Ingredients for 1 Torte (10in (26 cm) diameter)

8 Eggs

1 cup less 2 tbsp (200 g) Granulated sugar

Lemon zest

1 oz (25 g) Nougat, melted

7 oz (200 g) Nuts, ground

3 oz (80 g) Breadcrumbs

¾ cup (80 g) Flour

2 tbsp (3 cl) Rum

POPPY SEED CAKE

Preheat the oven to 340°F (170 °C). Mix together the butter, confectioner’s sugar, salt, and vanilla sugar until creamy. Add the egg yolks and stir to combine. In a separate bowl, beat the egg whites until stiff. Add granulated sugar gradually and continue to beat until combined. Fold the egg whites and sugar mixture into the batter. Sprinkle the poppy seeds and hazelnuts into the mass.

Bake Time: about 50 minutes

Bake Temperature: 340 °F (170 °C)

Ingredients for 1 Torte (10in (26 cm) diameter)

2 sticks (220 g) Butter

½ cup (65 g) Confectioner’s sugar

Dash of salt

Dash of vanilla sugar

9 Egg yolks

9 Egg whites

1 cup (220 g) Granulated sugar

10.5 oz (300 g) Poppy seeds, ground

4.5 oz (130 g) Hazelnuts, ground

PANAMA CAKE BATTER

Preheat the oven to 340 °F (170 °C). Beat the egg yolks with the granulated sugar, rum, vanilla sugar, salt, and lemon zest until creamy. Heat the chocolate in a double boiler and stir into the batter. Beat the egg whites to stiff peaks with the granulated sugar and fold into the egg yolk mixture. Mix the almonds, hazelnuts, and flour together, then fold into the batter. Fill a buttered form and bake for about 50 minutes, leaving the oven slightly open.

Bake Time: about 50 minutes

Bake Temperature: 340 °F (170 °C) in a slightly open oven

Ingredients for 1 Torte (10in (26 cm) diameter)

7 Egg yolks

2 tbsp (30 g) Granulated sugar

4 tsp (2 cl) Rum

1½ tsp (7 g) Vanilla sugar

Dash of salt

Lemon zest

3 oz (90 g) Couverture chocolate, dark

7 Egg whites

⅔ cup (140 g) Granulated sugar for the egg whites

½ cup (60 g) Flour

3 oz (90 g) Almonds, ground

3 oz (90 g) Hazelnuts, ground

Butter for the form

SACHERTORTE BATTER (CHOCOLATE CAKE BATTER)

Preheat oven to 340 °F (170 °C). Cream the butter with the confectioner’s sugar. Mix in the egg yolks. Heat the cooking chocolate in the oven until it is soft and mix into the butter mixture. Beat the egg whites, add the granulated sugar, and beat to stiff peaks. Carefully fold the beaten egg whites and the flour alternately into the batter. Pour into a buttered springform pan and bake for about 55 minutes.