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History RAT Revision-The French Revolution

The Three Estates
The Monarchy
Head of the social and government it was his duty to ensure that has people were
provided with law and order.
Appointed ministers and he also chose 36 intendents, who acted as his local officials
and were responsible for the…

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The largest proportion, comprising 80-90% of the population, was peasantry.
Peasants worked the land of others but there were some peasants with small
holdings of their own.
At the top there were the richer, land-owning peasantry and the tenant farmers of
large estates and the bourgeoisie, who relied on their…

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Nobody was exempt
Feudal Rights-
The right of the oven: peasants had to bake their bread in an oven owned by the landlord,
paying a fee for its use.
The rights of the mill: peasants had to grind heir corn in the landlord's windmill or watermill,
paying a fee to…

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How did Enlightenment ideas spread?
French architecture, furniture and fashion dominated continental taste and all
educated Europe adopted the French language as its primary tongue. It was the
language spoken in courts Europe wide with the exception of England and Spain.
New developments in France were, therefore, rapidly discussed and…

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He concentrated on the relationship between man and society
Rousseau's `Emile' discusses the role of women in society and the level and form of
education they should therefore attain. He accepts that women and men are similar
in terms of their basic organs. Women should be weak and passive and…

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Economic condition of France-
The wars were funded by borrowing and so every time the crown took out a loan it
faced future repayment debts.
To try to meet costs, the king and ministers had tried to squeeze the maximum
amount from existing taxation and also introduced a number of…

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Turgot was interested in the writings of the French physiocrats, economic writers
who believed in freeing agriculture from the restrictions of taxes and dues as a way
of stimulating the wealth of the country.
Although this approach had already been attempted unsuccessfully in the 1760s,
Turgot believed this was the…

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On the 20th August 1786, Calonne informed Louis that the state faced financial
collapse. The total revenue for 1786, he claimed, would be 475 million livres, but
expenditure was estimated at 587 million livres.
He believed the compte rendu had worsened the situation by making it appear that
the crown…

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He attempted to force his proposals through by taking them directly to the
parlements.
The Paris Parlement, which spoke for the provincial parlements, accepted the
administrative reforms but remained hostile to the land tax reform- it decreed that it
lacked the authority to sanction this change and refused to register…

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Failed to recognise a changing tide in the intellectual agenda and its impact on
society. Failed to enforce rigorous censorship with the proliferation of radical
journals and press.
Some high ranking members of the nobility believed that the king had let
government become ridiculously complex and was more and more…