As currently constructed, the most recent common ancestor
(MRCA) of Family 20 is a 1751 grey CADE MARE;. However, there is
reason to believe that the 1775 ECLIPSE MARE is misplaced as her
daughter. The line from this Eclipse mare represents about 10%
of today's family 20.

Three different mtDNA haplotypes
have been found in samples from the 'trunk' of 20 and one of
them is also found in branches 20-a, 20-c, and 20-d. See
Equine Genetic Genealogy.

Eclipse MareThis mare had her first
broodmare entry in An Introduction to a General Stud-book
(1791) where she appears with her foals through 1790 (the last
three for Mr Tattersall). Her list of produce was added to in
the editions of 1793 and 1803. Although her subsequent produce
were not attributed to Mr Tattersall, she may have remained in
his possession at least into 1796, since she was advertised for
sale that year with her filly by Escape and covered by
Dubskelper.

By Mr TATTERSALLS,
on Monday next,THE following Brood Mares, Colts, and
Fillies, the Property of a Gentleman:2. A Chesnut Mare, by
Eclipse, her dam was the dam of Vauxhall; with a Filly-foal at
her foot, by Escape, and covered by Dubskelper; she is the dam
of Lambinos. [Morning Post and Fashionable World. 8 Oct
1796; Issue 7669.]

Mr Tattersall was a prominent
horse dealer; he appears to have had a large number of mares he
bred to his famous stallion Highflyer, and whose produce were
advertised for sale.

In 1791, this ECLIPSE MARE was
described as

Bred by Mr CLARK,
in 1775, her dam, Vauxhall’s dam, by Y. Cade.

In
1891, the editor of GSB added the note

No such horse as Vauxhall can be found
in the Stud Book, and if it is meant for Vauxhall Snap, it was
by Old Cade. Vauxhall Snap stood at Mr Clarke's.

However, there was a black mare raced by Lord Clermont called
Vauxhall. She ran in 1776 winning two matches at Newmarket from
her nine starts, and was mentioned in the advertisement for
Vauxhall Snap in Fawconer 1776.

N B He is the sire of Lord Clermont’s black filly Vauxhall.

Although Vauxhall's dam was not mentioned, Lord Clermont is
known to have had a mare by Young Cade, which is entered in GSB.
There is no Eclipse filly amongst her produce, but it is
apparent from the confusion between this mare and her full
sister that the compiler of GSB did not have access to their
original stud records. This YOUNG CADE MARE is shown, with three
produce for Ld Clermont, as

YOUNG CADE MARE,Bred by the Duke of CUMBERLAND, foaled in
1762, her dam, Miss Thigh (dam of Selim) by Rib – Grisewood’s
Lady Thigh. [An Introduction to a General Stud-book,
1791]

It is therefore possible that this Young
Cade Mare was Vauxhall's dam. Whether or not this line is
ultimately confirmed by mtDNA testing to be part of the same
family as Grisewood's Lady Thigh, the current pedigree in GSB is
unlikely to be correct, and descendants of the (1775) ECLIPSE
MARE probably belong to a different family.

Locust MareIf, as suggested above, the
ECLIPSE MARE's line is removed from this lineage, the MRCA is a
Locust mare, whose daughters by Alfred and Turk each founded
branches with living descendants.

This mare does not have
a broodmare entry in GSB, but is noted in her dam's entry
(CHANGELING MARE), as Mr Witty's, and as having been dam of a
filly by Alfred in 1781, as well as an undated filly by Turk. An
estimated foaling date for this mare is between 1760 and 1765
(the last year her sire had definitely dated get).

Changeling MareThis mare was first
given a broodmare entry in the 1808 edition of GSB, where it is
stated she was bred by Mr Atkinson, and foaled in 1758. She was
described then as

Bred by Mr
ATKINSON, foaled in 1758, her dam, the dam of Mambrino, by Cade.

In the 1891 edition, this was amended slightly, giving the
next generation as by Bolton Little John.

Mr Charles
Witty of Beverley raced very lightly, and the only horses of his
that appear in the calendars between 1759 and 1768 are these:

1755 ch g Skidby, by
Changeling - raced in 17601758 ch c by Changeling - raced in
17621758 b m Desdemona - ran in 1763 and 1764
1759 b h - ran in 1765 and advertised for sale in 17661760 b
g by Changeling (out of an own sister to Grenadier) - advertised
for sale in 1763 and 1765

Perhaps the bay mare
Desdemona was the Changeling Mare in this family.

Cade MareThis mare's first entry as a
broodmare was in 1791 in An Introduction to a General
Stud-book. Both her pedigree and list of produce have
changed over the various editions of GSB. Many of her earlier
foals were credited to Mr Atkinson, and her later ones to Lord
Grosvenor. Pick, in his Turf Register (Vol. 2, 1805; p
14) said that she was a Brood-Mare in Mr Atkinson's Stud and
sold after his decease to Ld Grosvenor. She must have been grey
since she produced grey foals to non-grey sires.

Her
pedigree as first given identified her grandam as a mare by the
Bald Galloway; this was later corrected to read

Foaled in 1751, her dam by the Bolton
Little John, her grand dam, Mr Durham’s Favorite, by a
son of the Bald Galloway, great
grand dam (the dam of Ld Portmore’s Daffodil) by a Foreign Horse
of Sir T Gascoigne.

Bolton Little John MareThis mare does
not have a broodmare entry in GSB. She is currently simply a
cross in pedigrees with no associated historical detail. Since
her daughter, the Cade Mare, appears to have been grey (while
Cade was bay), this mare, too, should have been grey.

Her
sire the Bolton Little John was advertised to cover at Bolton
Hall, near Middleham, from 1744-1751, and has definitely dated
foals from 1747 and 1749.

Mr Durham's FavouriteThis mare had her first broodmare
entry in the 1891 edition of Volume 1. Her entry

(Grey) FAVOURITE,Bred by Mr DURHAM,
in 1728, got by a son of The Bald Galloway, her dam by Sir T
Gascoigne's Foreign horse.

She won the Royal
100 Guineas for 5 year old mares at Black Hambleton in 1733,
beating 19 others. Cheny, in his calendar for that year,
described her as

Mr Durham's
Grey, got by a Son of the Bald-Galloway

She ran
again the following year, but was distanced when she started for
the Royal 100 Guineas for 6 years old at York (won by Capt
Appleyard's chesnut gelding Conqueror).

Her sire
is identified in an advertisement from the season of 1734, as
Royal Ball

THIS Season will be
leap'd at Mr John Hanby's at Eastwood, nigh Greatah Bridge,
Royal Ball, he was bred by Mr Bartlett of Nutwith Coat; he was
got by the Ball Galloway, and his Dam by Snake, and her Dam bred
by Mr Smith of Scotscue: The said
Royal Ball got Mr Durham's Mare, which won the Guineas at
Hamleton the last Year.--He will be leapt at 15 s a Leap and
Trials, or one Guinea and a half a Foal. Any Gentleman may be
supply'd with Grass at a very reasonable Rate, as any where. [Newcastle
Courant. 9 Mar 1733-4. Numb. 463.]

A slightly
longer pedigree was given for Royal Ball in other
advertisements, of which the most straightforward reading is
that his dam by Snake was out of a mare by Bay Bolton, bred by
Mr Smith of Cotescue, out of one of Mr Pulleine's Royal Mares.

In addition to the two produce known to GSB, Durham's
Favourite also appears to have been dam of this horse:

COVERS this SEASON,At Checkley,
near Uttoxeter, Staffordshire, at Half a Guinea only, and a
Shilling;Mr Brograve's SMILING-BILLY.He is allow'd by
all Judges, a very beautiful Horse, a fine Silver Grey; and has
been lucky in getting many promising Colts of Value. He has an
excellent Constitution, and free from all natural Blemishes; he
was got by the Bartlet Childers, Son of the Darley Arabian, and
full Brother to the Devonshire Childers, out of a Daughter of
the Bald Galloway [sic], that won the Hundred Royal Guineas at
Hambleton in 1733, where Twenty started against her.N B The
Money to be paid down at the Stable. [The Derby Mercury.
Number 4. Volume XXI. 3-10 April 1752.]

Mare by Sir T Gascoigne's Foreign Horse (Daffodil's
Dam)This mare does not have a broodmare entry in GSB, and
nothing is known about her beyond her appearance in pedigrees.
Her son, Lord Portmore's Daffodil raced 1730-1733 and was
advertised in 1735.

AT the Sign
of the Five Bells of Oseney in Old Windsor Parish is the famous
Horse call’d Daffadilly, formerly belonging to the Earl of
Portmore: He was the Son of the Bald Galloway, and is now a
Stallion, at one Guinea a Leap.N B There are all
Conveniencies for Grasing [sic] or Stabling, if any Mares shall
be sent. [London Evening Post, 10 Apr 1735; Issue
1154.]

Only one other pedigree in GSB mentions a
Gascoigne "foreign horse"; this was first published in the 1808
edition:

Judging from the entry of (grey) FAVOURITE, the editor
considered Sir E Gascoigne's Arabian to be the same horse as Sir
T Gascoigne's Foreign Horse (sire of Daffodil's dam). Nothing is
known about the involvement of these early Gascoigne's in racing
or breeding running horses, the first mention of a "Mr"
Gascoigne in the racing calendars occurring only in 1730.