In 45 healthy subjects, we investigated the short-term
structural changes of the brain gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) associated
with manual dexterity training, with and without acoustic feedback, and
whether these changes persisted three months after the cessation of the motor
training. We found that the feedback strategy applied during the motor
training modulates the structure of the brain GM and WM. All the groups of
our study experienced similar structural changes, but with a different
temporal evolution. Structural changes occurred more rapidly in the group
with the acoustic feedback.