Sleep Apnea Sleep Apnea is interrupted breathing during sleep. It usually occurs because of a mechanical problem in the windpipe. But it also indicates a neurological disorder involving nerve cells (neurons).

Sleep Apnea is interrupted breathing

during sleep.

It usually occurs because of a

mechanical problem in the windpipe.

But it also indicates a neurological

disorder involving nerve cells (neurons).

Process As people age, muscle tone relaxes, which may cause the windpipe to collapse. This condition is called Obstructive Sleep Apnea. It results in loud snoring and blocked air flow through the windpipe.

As people age, muscle tone relaxes, which may cause the windpipe to collapse.

This condition is called Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

It results in loud snoring and blocked air flow through the windpipe.

It lasts from 10 to 60 seconds. People may be gasping or snorting. And then the brain quickly reacts to the sudden lack of oxygen, the muscles tighten. Windpipe opens.

It lasts from 10 to 60 seconds.

People may be gasping or snorting.

And then the brain quickly reacts to the sudden lack of oxygen, the muscles tighten.

Windpipe opens.

Why? Narrow nasal passages, enlarged tonsils, and obesity are factors that may contribute to obstructive sleep apnea. It also may be re la ted to alcohol, tobacco, or sedatives.

Narrow nasal passages, enlarged

tonsils, and obesity are factors that

may contribute to obstructive sleep

apnea. It also may be re la ted to alcohol,

tobacco, or sedatives.

Result T he sleep cycle can be interrupted as many as 100 times a night. E very time the windpipe closes, the brain is deprived of oxygen.

T he sleep cycle can be interrupted as many as 100 times a night.

E very time the windpipe closes, the brain is deprived of oxygen.

This lack of oxygen eventually can cause problems morning headaches and decreased mental function. High risk for heart disease and stroke

This lack of oxygen eventually can cause problems morning headaches and decreased mental function.

High risk for heart disease and stroke

REM Sleep behavior disorder It causes disruptions in the brain during REM sleep.

Result It caus es a type of temporary paralysis. In a person with REM sleep behavior disorder, these signals translate into images that make up dreams.

It caus es a type of temporary paralysis.

In a person with REM sleep behavior disorder, these signals translate into images that make up dreams.

If the signals are interfered with, the person may physically act out dreams during sleep. For example, if a patient with REM sleep behavior disorder dreams about running, he or she might actually get up and run. As a result of this condition, patients may injure themselves or others. BUT !!! REM sleep behavior disorder is rare.

If the signals are interfered with, the person may physically act out dreams during sleep. For example, if a patient with REM sleep behavior disorder dreams about running, he or she might actually get up and run.

As a result of this condition, patients may injure themselves or others.

BUT !!! REM sleep behavior disorder is rare.

Restless leg syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) It is a common sleep disorder, especially in the elderly. Also RLS is a genetic disorder

It is a common sleep disorder,

especially in the elderly.

Also RLS is a genetic disorder

Result It cause s patients to want to move their legs. It often results in insomnia.

It cause s patients to want to move their legs.

It often results in insomnia.

PLMD causes jerking in the legs or arms that occurs frequently during resting or sleeping. Jerking may occur as many as 3 times in a minute and each jerk can wake the patient.

PLMD causes jerking in the legs or arms that occurs frequently during resting or sleeping. Jerking may occur as many as 3 times in a minute and each jerk can wake the patient.

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