Caption: Schiaparelli's map of Mars. This drawing of the southern (left) and northern (right) hemipsheres of Mars was made in 1879 by the Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli (1835-1910). He named the 'seas' and 'continents' of Mars, and called the straight surface features channels (mistranslated as canals). He also noticed that the patterns on the surface changed with the Martian seasons. He wrongly assumed this to be due to seasonal changes in vegetation. It is now known that Mars is swept by powerful dust storms which alter the surface features. The accompanying text is in German.