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<h2>NASSR Annual Convention 1994</h2>
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<h2>The Political and Aesthetic Education of Romanticism</h2>
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<h3>10-13 November 1994</h3>
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<h3>Duke University, Durham, North Carolina</h3>
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<div class="c1">Conference Organizers: Robert F. Gleckner &amp; Thomas Pfau, Duke University</div>
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<p><a name="Thursday" id="Thursday"> </a>Thursday, November 10</p>
<p><strong>10:00-11:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Uneducated Poets" (special session organized by Alan Richardson, Boston C)</strong><br/>
"The Untutored Muse" <em>(Alan Richardson)</em><br/>
"'Children o' the Soil': Peasant Poetry and Organic Nationalism" <em>(Scott McEathron, U of Southern Illinois)</em><br/>
"Romantic Ideology and the 'Natural Genius': Women Poets, Anthologies, and the Production of Poetic History in the 1790s" <em>(Laura Mandell, Miami U)</em><br/>
"No Advantages of Education: John Clare's Vulgarity of Language" <em>(James McKusick, U of Maryland Baltimore County)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Schiller: Aesthetics and Politics" (Chair: Michael Morton, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"Aesthetics and Politics from Benjamin to Schiller:&#160; Rethinking the Aesthetic State" <em>(Jonathan M. Hess, U of North Carolina-Chapel Hill)</em><br/>
"Romanticism, <em>Bildung</em>, and the 'Literary Absolute'" <em>(Marc Redfield, Claremont Graduate School)</em><br/>
"Schiller's Political Aesthetics: The Refinement of Liberal Democratic Man" <em>(Michael Valdez Moses, Duke U)</em><br/>
"The Critique of Aesthetic Ideology: Radical Democracy and Friedrich Schiller's <em>On the Aesthetic Education of Man</em>" <em>(Jacqueline LeBlanc, U of Massachussetts)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romanticism and the Homoerotic" (Chair: Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"'My very touch were to be infectious': Godwin's <em>Caleb Williams</em> and Homoerotic Panic" <em>(Ranita Chatterjee, U of Western Ontario)</em><br/>
"Byron's Homo-Narcissism: or 'Heathcliff, I <em>am</em> Nellie'" <em>(Steven Bruhm, Mount St. Vincent U)</em><br/>
"Sexual Pedagogies and the Lesbian Body in 'Christabel'" <em>(Andrew Elfenbein, U of Minnesota)</em><br/>
"Sappho, Sexuality, and the Romantic Sublime" <em>(Sharon Setzer, North Carolina State U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Sexual and Political Instruction in the Work of Mary Shelley" (Chair: Jeanne Moskal, U of North Carolina-Chapel Hill)</strong><br/>
"Learning to Curse: Translation, Rape, and Instruction in Mary Shelley's <em>Proserpine</em>" <em>(Mary Loeffelholz, Northeastern U)</em><br/>
"Women and Education in Mary Shelley's <em>Lodore</em>" <em>(Ann M. Frank Wake, Elmhurst College)</em><br/>
"Ghostly Pedagogies: Mary Shelley, Percy Shelley, and the Writing of Poetic Identity" <em>(Ghislaine McDayter, Duke U)</em><br/>
"'The god undeified': <em>Valperga</em> and the Education of Romantic Subjects" <em>(Daniel E. White, U of Pennsylvania)</em></p>
<hr class="c4"/>
<p><strong>1:15-3:00</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Scenes of Instruction in Blake" (Chair: Paul Yoder, U of Arkansas-Little Rock)</strong><br/>
"Blake's <em>Songs</em>: Of Instruction and Its Experience" <em>(Nelson Hilton, U of Georgia-Athens)</em><br/>
"(Con)(In)structing Albion: Blake, Gender, and Politics: 1792-95" <em>(Catherine McClenahan, U of St. Thomas)</em><br/>
"Righting Albion: Blake's Canon Revision" <em>(Paul Yoder)</em><br/>
"Late Kant, Middle Blake: Toward a Theory of Blake's Political Education" <em>(Steven Goldsmith, U of California-Berkeley)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Darstellung and the Lessons of Post-Structuralism" (Chair: James Rolleston, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"The Crisis of Representation in Romanticism: Romantic <em>Darstellung</em> and Poststructuralist Critical Theory" <em>(Irena Nikolova, U of Western Ontario)</em><br/>
"Postfacing the Preface in Coleridge" <em>(Sophie Thomas, Oxford U)</em><br/>
"Rhetorical Pragmatism: Jeremy Bentham and the Predictability of Fiction" <em>(Peter Roman Babiak, York U)</em><br/>
"The Romantic Object of Beauty and the Suppression of Art" <em>(Laura Claridge, US Naval Academy)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Victorian Receptions of Romanticism" (Chair: Clyde de L. Ryals, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"'Useful herbs to take the place of weeds': The Politics of Wordsworth's Victorian Reception" <em>(Gary Harrison, U of New Mexico)</em><br/>
"Feminizing Romanticism: Tennyson's Embowered Maidens and Morbid Poets" <em>(Alice Fasano, New York U)</em><br/>
"Romanticism Theorized: <em>Sartor Resartus</em> Revisited" <em>(Nigel Alderman, Duke U)</em><br/>
"Suffering Meter: Swinburne and the Sapphic Scene of Instruction" <em>(Yopie Prins, U of Michigan)</em></p>
<p><strong>"The Education of John Keats" (Chair: Marilyn Gaull, New York U)</strong><br/>
"'A Cockney Schoolroom': Keats and the Modern Academy" <em>(Nicholas Roe, U of St. Andrews)</em><br/>
"Keats in the Cockney School: An Aesthetic and Political Education" <em>(Jeffrey Cox, Texas A &amp; M)</em><br/>
"Aesthetic Education in the Public Sphere: Haydon, Hazlitt, and Keats's Elgin Marbles Sonnets" <em>(John Kandl, New York U)</em><br/>
"Romanticism and the Education of Psychoanalysis: Keats and (<em>The Fall of</em>) <em>Hyperion</em>" <em>(Joel Faflak, U of Western Ontario)</em></p>
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<p><strong>3:30-5:30</strong> FIRST PLENARY DISCUSSION</p>
<p>Welcome: Robert F. Gleckner &amp; Thomas Pfau (Duke U)</p>
<p>"Designing the World Picture" Jerome Christensen (English, Johns Hopkins U)</p>
<p>"Gendering the Soul," Susan Wolfson (English, Princeton U)</p>
<p>Respondent: Peter J. Manning (U of Southern California)</p>
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<p><a name="Friday" id="Friday"> </a>Friday, November 11</p>
<p><strong>8:45-10:30</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Coleridge and the Political Education of Criticism" (special session organized by James McKusick, U of Maryland-Baltimore County)</strong><br/>
"Transitions: The 'Logic' of the 'Wildest Odes'" <em>(Heather J. Jackson, U of Toronto)</em><br/>
"<em>Friend</em>ly Instruction: Coleridge and the Configuration of Social Knowledge" <em>(Regina Hewitt, U of South Florida)</em><br/>
"The Genius of Failure, the Masquerade of Fame: Coleridge's Sociology of Literature in the <em>Biographia Literaria</em>" <em>(Adrienne Donald, Princeton U)</em><br/>
"Coleridge's Unfinished Aesthetic Education: Coleridge, Schiller on Culture and the State" <em>(David Aram Kaiser, U of Kentucky)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romanticism, Education, and the History of Science" (special session organized by James K. Chandler, U of Chicago)</strong><br/>
"Knowing Nature: Science, Romanticism, and the Empire of the External World" <em>(Laura Doyle, Harvard U)</em><br/>
"Coleridge, Shelley, and Science's Millennium" <em>(Mark Kipperman, Northern Illinois U)</em><br/>
"The Body which Speaks to the Body: Pedagogies of Human Influence in Early Nineteenth-Century Britain" <em>(Alison Winter, California Institute of Technology)</em><br/>
"<em>Frankenstein</em>: Specifying the Limits of Pedagogy" <em>(Maureen McLane, U of Chicago)</em></p>
<p><strong>"British Romantic Fiction: Gender and History" (Chair: Susan Thorne, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"Courting Ruin: The Economic Romances of Frances Burney" <em>(Miranda Burgess, Boston U)</em><br/>
"Falling into Quotation: <em>Persuasion</em> and the Fall of Woman" <em>(John Morillo, North Carolina State U)</em><br/>
"Historical Fiction as Pedagogy: Scott's Travelling Education and an Approach to Romantic Historicism in the Novel" <em>(Richard Maxwell, Valparaiso U)</em><br/>
"Scott's Authorised Version: From Waverley Romance to <em>Magnum Opus</em> Historical Truth" <em>(Clare Simmons, Ohio State U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Was (or is) There an Identity We Can Call 'Romanticism'?" I (a special session organized by Jerrold E. Hogle, U of Arizona)</strong><br/>
Introduction: "The Question of One 'Romanticism.'" (J. Hogle)<br/>
"Romantic Identity and the Community of Sentiment" <em>(Stephen C. Behrendt, U of Nebraska-Lincoln)</em><br/>
"The 'Myth' of Romanticism and the Idea of Community" <em>(Celeste Langan, UC-Berkeley)</em><br/>
"I don't believe in Romanticism (The University does it for me)" <em>(John Rieder, U of Hawaii-Manoa)</em><br/>
Respondent: Marshall Brown (U of Washington)</p>
<hr class="c4"/>
<p><strong>11:00-12:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Politics, Epistemology, and Rhetoric in Shelley" (Chair: Eric Walker, Florida State U)</strong><br/>
"Tutelary Bureaucracies: Compelling the Civic Conscience in <em>Prometheus Unbound</em> and <em>The Cenci</em>" <em>(Michael Kohler, Johns Hopkins U)</em><br/>
"Unteachable Learning: On the Parting of Poetry and Madness in Shelley's <em>Julian and Maddalo</em>" <em>(Silke-Maria Weineck, U of Pennsylvania)</em><br/>
"Art, Nature, and Analogical Inference in Shelley's 'Mont Blanc'" <em>(Michael Vicario, Penn State U)</em><br/>
"The Empress's New Mind: Shelley's <em>The Witch of Atlas</em> as the Scene of Instruction" <em>(Arkady Plotnitsky, U of Pennsylvania)</em></p>
<p><strong>"The Romantic Body: Between Sustenance and Pathology" (Chair: Anne K. Mellor, UCLA)</strong><br/>
"The Nurse's Tale: The Fostering System as National and Imperial Education" <em>(Katie Trumpener, U of Chicago)</em><br/>
"Educating Mothers to be Mothers: Romanticism and the Maternal Breastfeeding Controversy" <em>(Julie Costello, U of Notre Dame)</em><br/>
"John Brown's Medical Romanticism" <em>(Martin Wallen, U of Oklahoma)</em><br/>
"Confessing the Body: Lamb on Drunkenness, Hazlitt on Sex" <em>(Bonnie Woodberg, Florida State U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Models of Aesthetic and Political Instruction in Godwin, Wordsworth, and Hazlitt" (Chair: Nicholas Roe, U of St. Andrews)</strong><br/>
"'Of Deception and Frankness': Wollstonecraft, Godwin, and the Jacobin Response to <em>Emile</em>" <em>(Gary Handwerk, U of Washington)</em><br/>
"The man, whose eye / Is ever on himself': The Ideological Function of Aesthetic Self- Surveillance in Bell, Wollstonecraft, and Wordsworth" <em>(Thomas Pfau, Duke U)</em><br/>
"Wordsworth and the Great Wheel of Education" <em>(Alison Hickey, Wellesley C)</em><br/>
"Interest and Imagination: Hazlitt's <em>Essay on the Principles of Human Action</em>" <em>(Deborah Elise White, Columbia U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Marketing Romantic Music: The Age of Lost Innocence" (special session organized by James Deaville, Music, McMaster U)</strong><br/>
"Creating a Musical Public and Constructing Musical Modernism: The New-German School and the Euterpe Concerts in Leipzig" <em>(James Deaville)</em><br/>
"Piano Arrangements in the Nineteenth Century: Marketing/Domesticating/Canonizing" <em>(James Parakilas, Bates C)</em><br/>
"Re-Educating the 'Classical' Public: "The Romantic Revival and the Contemporary American Musical Scene" <em>(Michael Saffle, Virginia Tech. U)</em></p>
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<p><strong>2:00-3:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Was (or is) There an Identity We Can Call 'Romanticism'?" II (special session organized by Jerrold E. Hogle, U of Arizona)</strong><br/>
"Introduction: The Defence of Romanticism" <em>(Jerrold Hogle)</em><br/>
"What Happens When Jane Austen and Fanny Burney Enter the Romantic Canon?" <em>(William Galperin, Rutgers U)</em><br/>
"Romanticism, Coleridge, and the Hermeneutics of the Ethical Sublime" <em>(David Haney, Auburn U)</em><br/>
"The Survival of Romanticism: Poets and Poetics Since the Early Nineteenth Century" <em>(Jeffrey Robinson, U of Colorado-Boulder)</em><br/>
Respondent: Jean Hall (Cal. State U--Fullerton)</p>
<p><strong>"Educating the Eye: Visual Arts and Exhibitions" (Chair: John L. Sharpe, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"Teaching Discipline: Sketching and Drawing Manuals in British Romanticism" <em>(Richard Sha, American U)</em><br/>
"Blake and the Aesthetics of the Sketch" <em>(Joseph Viscomi, U of North Carolina-Chapel Hill)</em><br/>
"Aesthetic Education in Blake's Illustrations to Young's <em>Night Thoughts</em>" <em>(Grant Scott, Muhlenberg C)</em><br/>
"Romantic Exhibition and the Rise of the Viewing Public"<em>(C. S. Matheson, U of Windsor)</em></p>
<p><strong>"The Contours of a Feminine Romanticism" (Chair: Stuart Curran, U of Pennsylvania)</strong><br/>
"Charlotte Smith and William Wordsworth: 'Dark Forgetfulness' and 'The Intercession of Saint Monica'" <em>(Kari Lokke, U of California-Davis)</em><br/>
"An Education in Stereotypes: Hemans's 'Red Indians'" <em>(Nancy Moore Goslee, U of Tennessee-Knoxville)</em><br/>
"Anna Seward's Arcadian Voice: Finding a Place in Darwin's Botanical Garden" <em>(Elizabeth Fay, U of Massachusetts-Boston)</em><br/>
"Realizing a Romantic Pedagogy: Romantic Women Writers and the Romance of Real Life" <em>(Michael Gamer, U of Pennsylvania)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Irony, Individuality, and Aesthetic Strategy in German Romanticism" (Chair: Paul Cantor, U of Virginia)</strong><br/>
"The Politics of <em>Individualit&#228;t</em> in Schlegel, Novalis, and H&#246;lderlin" <em>(Gerald N. Izenberg, Washington U)</em><br/>
"Productive Rupture: the Discreet Irony of an Aesthetic Education in Kleist's <em>&#220;ber das Marionettentheater</em>" <em>(Anthony Reynolds, New York U)</em><br/>
"Reading the Book of Nature in E. T. A. Hoffmann" <em>(David Vandenberg, Emory &amp; Henry C)</em><br/>
"The Power of Music and/or the Power of Words" <em>(Ulrich Sch&#246;nherr, Columbia U)</em></p>
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<p><strong>4:15-6:15</strong> SECOND PLENARY DISCUSSION</p>
<p>"The Inhibitions of Democracy in Romantic Political Thought: Thoreau's Democratic Individualism," Nancy Rosenblum (Political Science, Brown U)</p>
<p>"The Doubled Consciousness of Early Capitalist Culture," Steven Watts (History, U of Missouri-Columbia)</p>
<p>Respondents: Cathy Davidson (English, Duke U) &amp; Michael Gillespie (Political Science, Duke U)</p>
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<p><a name="Saturday" id="Saturday"> </a>Saturday, November 12</p>
<p><strong>8:45-10:30</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Aesthetic Valuation and Social Process: the Reviewers Reviewed" (Chair: John Kandl, New York U)</strong><br/>
"The Pedagogy of Enlightened, Radical, and Romantic Readers: An Example from John Thelwall" <em>(Michael Scrivener, Wayne State U)</em><br/>
"Making the Romantic Ideology: Hazlitt, Coleridge, and the <em>Wat Tyler</em> Affair" <em>(Robert K. Lapp, Dalhousie U)</em><br/>
"Rape, Patricide, and Execution: A Play on Violence" <em>(Young-ok An, U of Southern California)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Language, Theory: Implicating the Political" (special session organized by Carol Jacobs, SUNY-Buffalo)</strong><br/>
"The 'End of Art' in Friedrich H&#246;lderlin's 'Stimme Des Volkes'" <em>(Eva Geulen, U of Rochester)</em><br/>
"The Sublime of the Nation and the German Question" <em>(Ian Balfour, York U)</em><br/>
"<em>Res publica</em>: Carl Schmitt, Friedrich Schlegel, and 'Political Romanticism'" <em>(Matthew Hartman, Johns Hopkins U)</em><br/>
"The Force of the Positive: The Hyperions of Keats and Marx" <em>(Tom McCall, U of Houston)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Women Poets and the Romantic Aesthetic" (special session organized by Stephen C. Behrendt, U of Nebraska-Lincoln and Harriet Kramer Linkin, New Mexico State U)</strong><br/>
"Women and Della Cruscanism, Women and Romanticism" <em>(Judith Pascoe, U of Iowa)</em><br/>
"The Merging of Public and Private: Charlotte Smith's <em>Beachy Head</em>" <em>(Kay Cook, Southern Utah U)</em><br/>
"Staging History: Catherine Macaulay, Joanna Baillie, and Felicia Hemans" <em>(Greg Kucich, U of Notre Dame)</em><br/>
"One Sings, the Other Doesn't: Letitia Landon and Mary Tighe, or How Women Poets Image the Romantic Aesthetic" <em>(Harriet Kramer Linkin)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Shakespeare and the Scene of Romantic Literary Instruction" (special session organized by Charles Mahoney, U of Connecticut-Storrs)</strong><br/>
"Savoyard Shakespeare: Wordsworth in the Hills of Paris" <em>(Reeve Parker, Cornell U)</em><br/>
"Master Betty Masters Shakespeare: Managing the Queer Character of Youth" <em>(Julie Carlson, U of California-Santa Barbara)</em><br/>
"Patrolling the Bard: Hazlitt, <em>Coriolanus</em>, and Romantic Apostasy" <em>(Charles Mahoney)</em></p>
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<p><strong>11:00-12:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Music and Culture in French and German Romanticism" (special session organized by Jeffrey Kallberg, U of Pennsylvania)</strong><br/>
"Some Romantic Images in Beethoven" <em>(Maynard Solomon, New York)</em><br/>
"Practicing Music and the Practice of Sex : Sex and Music in French Romantic Discourse" <em>(Jeffrey Kallberg)</em><br/>
"Romantic Music under Siege in 1848" <em>(Sanna Pederson, U of Pennsylvania)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Education, Romantic Aesthetics, and the Denial of Rhetoric" (special session organized by David Ferris, Queens College &amp; CUNY Graduate Center)</strong><br/>
"Rhetoric and Denial on Keats's Urn" <em>(David Ferris)</em><br/>
"Poetic Education: Shelley's 'Defence' and the Crisis in Romanticism" <em>(Roger Blood, Yale U)</em><br/>
"Language and the 'Body Politic'" <em>(Claudia Brodsky-Lacour, Princeton U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"From Picturesque to the Sublime: The Cognitive Structure of the Romantic Image" (Chair: Annette Wheeler Cafarelli)</strong><br/>
"Jane Austen and the Picturesque: Aesthetic Instruction and Romantic Epistemology" <em>(Jill Heydt-Stevenson, U of Texas-San Antonio)</em><br/>
"The Lessons of <em>Imitatio Christi</em> and <em>Imitatio Naturae</em> in the Work of Caspar David Friedrich" <em>(Hillary A. Braysmith, U of Southern Indiana)</em><br/>
"The Political Aesthetic of Adam M&#252;ller and Caspar David Friedrich's Landscape Painting" <em>(Peter Foley, U of Arizona)</em><br/>
"'Sur les &#233;paules d'un pauvre esclave': Salvation, &#233;sperance, and Equality in G&#233;ricault's <em>Raft of Medusa</em>" <em>(Albert Alhadeff, U of Colorado-Boulder)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Pastoralism, Eroticism, Enlightenment, and Geometry in Wordsworth's <em>Prelude</em>" (Chair: Judith W. Page, Millsaps C)</strong><br/>
"Teaching the 'Art of Seeing': Pastoral Vestiges in Thomson and Wordsworth" <em>(Kevis Goodman, Yale U)</em><br/>
"Wordsworth's Nationalist Geometry" <em>(William Jewett, Yale U)</em><br/>
"Soldier Boys and Male Romantic Poets" <em>(James Holt McGavran, U of North Carolina-Charlotte)</em><br/>
"'The light of circumstances, flash'd / Upon an independent intellect': Education and Progression in <em>The Prelude</em>" <em>(David Garcia, Cornell U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Re-mapping Romanticism: Of Domestic and Oriental Subjects" (Chair: John Waters, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"Reading Habits: Scenes of Miseducation in the Romantic Line" <em>(Marlon Ross, U of Michigan)</em><br/>
"Wordsworth's Aesthetic Appropriation of Nature: A Problematic Step Toward Eco- ideology" <em>(Martha Bohrer, Miami U)</em><br/>
"Eastern Non-Dualism and the Sublime in Late Eighteenth-Century English Poetry" <em>(Kathryn Freeman, U of Miami)</em><br/>
"Theory and History in Romantic Orientalism and Romantic Studies" <em>(Susan B. Taylor, U of Colorado-Colorado Springs)</em></p>
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<p><strong>2:00-3:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Reverse Instruction: Romanticism and Postmodernism" (Chair: Timothy Morton, New York U)</strong><br/>
"Legislators of the Post-Everything World: Shelley's <em>Defence</em> of Adorno" <em>(Robert Kaufman, U of California-Berkeley)</em><br/>
"Educating Postmodernism: or, Reading Backwards from Postmodern Fiction to John Clare" <em>(Theresa M. Kelley, U of Texas-Austin)</em><br/>
"Fantastic Modernity, Fantastic Reflexivities: Keats, Jameson, and the Postmodern Urn" <em>(Orrin Wang, U of Maryland at College Park)</em><br/>
"Imitating Silence: Byron, Hood, Poe, and Campion" <em>(Carol Jacobs, SUNY-Buffalo)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Politics and Ireland: The Edgeworths" (Chair: Nigel Alderman, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"The Edgeworths and the Interests of Education" <em>(Mark Canuel, Johns Hopkins U)</em><br/>
"Maria Edgeworth: Teacher and Critic" <em>(Francis Botkin, U of Illinois-Chicago)</em><br/>
"'His eyes upon us': The Lesson of the Informer in Edgeworth's 'Lame Jervas'" <em>(Julia M. Wright, Concordia, Montreal)</em><br/>
"'The Little Remnant': Alterity, Femininity, and the National Tale" <em>(Ina Ferris, U of Ottawa)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Uneducated Poets: Expanding the Canon" (Chair: Scott McEathron, U of Southern Illinois)</strong><br/>
"Theoretical Conditions of the Expansion of the Romantic Poetic Canon" <em>(John Waters, Duke U)</em><br/>
"Lubin's Literacy: John Clare and the Possibilities of the Peasant Poet" <em>(Bridget Keegan, Samford U)</em><br/>
"Patronage and the Peasant-Poet in the early Romantic Period: Theorizing the Beginnings of Ann Yearsley, Robert Bloomfield, and Felicia Hemans" <em>(Chad Edgar, New York U)</em><br/>
"The Ghosts of Competing Literacies in John Clare's <em>Autobiography</em>" <em>(Richard Swartz, U of Southern Maine)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Theorizing Romantic Drama" (Chair: Robert F. Gleckner, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"Joanna Baillie's Poetic Aesthetic: Passion and 'the plain order of things'" <em>(Catherine Burroughs, Cornell C)</em><br/>
"Liberal Self-Fashioning in Shelley's <em>Cenci</em>" <em>(Linda Brigham, Kansas State U)</em><br/>
"Byron as a Teacher of the Barred Subject: <em>Manfred</em> and the Ethics of Desire" <em>(Sinkwan Cheng, State U of New York-Buffalo)</em></p>
<p><strong>"The Teachings of Nature in German Romanticism" (special session organized by Alice Kuzniar, U of North Carolina-Chapel Hill)</strong><br/>
"'<em>Voran leuchtest du.'</em> What Kepler Taught the Romantics About Nature" <em>(Nicholas Halmi, U of Toronto)</em><br/>
"Towards a Mystical Physics: An Aspect of Friedrich Schlegel's Theory of <em>Universalpoesie</em>" <em>(Paola Mayer, U of Toronto)</em><br/>
"On Being the 'Last Kantian in Nazi Germany': Dwelling with Animals after Schelling" <em>(David Clark, McMaster U)</em></p>
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<p><strong>4:15-6:15</strong> THIRD PLENARY DISCUSSION</p>
<p>"The Interdisciplinary War Machine: Saluting French Revolution Studies," Alan Liu (English, UC-Santa Barbara)</p>
<p>Respondents: Cynthia Chase (English, Cornell U) &amp; William Reddy (Duke U)</p>
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<p><a name="Sunday" id="Sunday"> </a>Sunday, November 13</p>
<p><strong>8:45-10:30</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Teaching Violence in Romanticism" (special session organized by Mary A. Favret, Indiana U)</strong><br/>
"Teaching Byron's <em>Giaour</em> as Riddle and Message" <em>(Cheryl Fallon Giuliano, UCLA)</em><br/>
"'Rouzing the Faculties to Act': Blake's Scenes of (Violent) Instruction" <em>(Nicholas Williams, Indiana U)</em><br/>
"Learning What Hurts: 'The School-Mistress,' the Rod, and the Poem" <em>(Adela Pinch, U of Michigan)</em><br/>
"Radical Poetry 101: Wordsworth and Contemporary Lyrics of Resistance" <em>(Jonathan Barron, U of North Carolina-Charlotte)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romantic Aesthetics, Pedagogy, and the Academy" (Chair: Jerome McGann, U of Virginia)</strong><br/>
"Poetry and the Law: the Poet as Legislator in Shelley and Rousseau" <em>(Lorrie Clark, Trent U)</em><br/>
"The Political Economy of Aesthetic Consumption" <em>(Margaret Russett, U of Southern California)</em><br/>
"Shelley's Unhumanizing Pedagogy" <em>(Paul Youngquist, Pennsylvania State U)</em><br/>
"Genius School: Coleridge, Schiller, and the Productionist Aesthetic" <em>(Kathleen Dillon, Temple U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romantic Knowledge: Institutions of Production and Pedagogy" (Chair: Rhonda Ray Kercsmar)</strong><br/>
"Institutions of Romanticism: An International Perspective" <em>(Clifford Siskin, SUNY-Stony Brook, and Philip Martin, Cheltenham &amp; Gloucester College)</em><br/>
"Can We Teach Romanticism to an Unromantic Generation" <em>(Debbie Lee, U of Arizona)</em><br/>
"Between Irony and Radicalism: the Other Way of a Romantic Education" <em>(Karen Weisman, U of Waterloo)</em><br/>
"A Histrionic Romantics Classroom" <em>(Thomas Crochunis, Rutgers U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romanticism in Canada" (special session organized by Tilottama Rajan, U of Western Ontario)</strong><br/>
"Nobler Savages: Representations of Native Women in the Writings of Susanna Moodie and Catherine Parr Traill" <em>(Carole Gerson, Simon Fraser U)</em><br/>
"Made One with Nature: The Commemorative Odes of the Confederation Poets" <em>(D.M.R. Bentley, U of Western Ontario)</em><br/>
"Frye in Canada: Jonah in the Belly of the Whale" <em>(Ross Woodman, U of Western Ontario)</em><br/>
"European Romantic Nationalism, Colonial Nationalism, Canadian Literary Criticism" <em>(Margery Fee, U of British Columbia)</em></p>
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<p><strong>11:00-12:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"New Romantic Canons in the Same Old Classroom: A Problem-Solving Forum on Teaching" (special session organized by Morris Eaves, U of Rochester)</strong><br/>
Position papers by Laura Mandell (Miami U), Anne K. Mellor (UCLA) &amp; Richard Matlak (C of the Holy Cross), Jerome McGann (U of Virginia), and Stuart Curran (U of Pennsylvania).</p>
<p><strong>"Teaching Wordsworth's Teachings" (Chair: William Galperin, Rutgers U)</strong><br/>
"Teaching a Sheep to Talk: The Spiritual Education of Romanticism" <em>(Walter Reed, Emory U)</em><br/>
"Wordsworth and the Problem of Authority in Feminist Pedagogy" <em>(Michael Fischer, U of New Mexico)</em><br/>
"Wordsworth's 'The Thorn' and the Social Imagination" <em>(Scott Harshbarger, Hofstra U)</em><br/>
"'Strange Discipline': Aesthetic Education and Community in Wordsworth's <em>The Ruined Cottage</em>" <em>(Kurt Fosso, Westminster C)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romantic Education as Social and Aesthetic Practice" (Chair: Richard Swartz, U of Southern Maine)</strong><br/>
"The Professionalization of Knowledge: Female Education in Middle Class Romantic Culture" <em>(Annette Wheeler Cafarelli, Columbia U)</em><br/>
"Britain and the Culture of Disestablishment" <em>(Nanora Sweet, U of Missouri-St. Louis)</em><br/>
"State Education, Taste Education" <em>(Timothy Morton, New York U)</em><br/>
"Lessons of Radical Difference: Mary Shelley and the Politics of Family History" <em>(Deborah Weiner, U of Rochester)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Genres as Modes of Education" (special session organized by J. Douglas Kneale, U of Western Ontario)</strong><br/>
"Let nature be your teacher: Wordsworth and Poetical Correctness" <em>(Stephen Bretzius, Lousiana State U)</em><br/>
"The Rising Glory of America" <em>(Julie Ellison, U of Michigan)</em><br/>
"The Ambivalence of Romantic Identity: Harmony and Conflict in Self-Descriptions by Wordsworth and Byron" <em>(Jean Hall, California State U-Fullerton)</em><br/>
"Transport and Persuasion in Wordsworth" <em>(J. Douglas Kneale)</em></p>
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<p><strong>1:00-2:00</strong> NASSR BUSINESS MEETING</p>
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<!--end fine print and footer--></p></div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31537">Scholarly Resources</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Resource:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/alan-richardson-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Alan Richardson</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/laura-mandell-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Laura Mandell</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/steven-bruhm-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Steven Bruhm</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/william-galperin" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Galperin</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/michael-valdez-moses" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michael Valdez Moses</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/michael-morton" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michael Morton</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/eve-kosofsky-sedgwick" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/andrew-elfenbein" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Andrew Elfenbein</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/anne-k-mellor-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Anne K. Mellor</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/jacqueline-leblanc" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jacqueline LeBlanc</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/jerrold-e-hogle" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jerrold E. Hogle</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/friedrich-schiller" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Friedrich Schiller</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/john-clare" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">John Clare</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/nicholas-roe" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nicholas Roe</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/marc-redfield" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Marc Redfield</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/caleb-williams" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Caleb Williams</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/william-wordsworth-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Wordsworth</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/jeanne-moskal" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jeanne Moskal</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft-shelley-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/nigel-alderman" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nigel Alderman</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/john-kandl-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">John Kandl</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/robert-f-gleckner-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Robert F. Gleckner</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/thomas-pfau-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Thomas Pfau</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/jonathan-m-hess" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jonathan M. Hess</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/scott-harshbarger" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Scott Harshbarger</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/scott-mceathron" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Scott McEathron</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/james-c-mckusick-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">James C. McKusick</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-city-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">City:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/york" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">York</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/oxford" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Oxford</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/toronto" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Toronto</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/lincoln" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Lincoln</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/boston" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Boston</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/baltimore" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Baltimore</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/athens" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Athens</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/miami" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Miami</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/chicago" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Chicago</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/nebraska" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nebraska</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ohio" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ohio</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/virginia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Virginia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/southern-california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Southern California</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/hawaii" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Hawaii</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/new-york" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">New York</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/washington" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Washington</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/michigan" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michigan</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/missouri" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Missouri</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/new-mexico" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">New Mexico</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/oklahoma" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Oklahoma</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">California</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/georgia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Georgia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/arizona" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Arizona</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/colorado" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Colorado</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ontario" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ontario</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/texas" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Texas</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/kentucky" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Kentucky</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/tennessee" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Tennessee</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/pennsylvania" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Pennsylvania</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/florida" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Florida</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/north-carolina" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">North Carolina</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/massachusetts" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Massachusetts</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/arkansas" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Arkansas</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-country-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Country:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/united-states" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">United States</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/country/columbia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Columbia</a></li></ul></section>Fri, 04 May 2012 20:00:08 +0000rc-admin23088 at http://www.rc.umd.eduNorth American Society for the Study of Romanticism 1993 Conference Programhttp://www.rc.umd.edu/reference/misc/confarchive/nassr93.html
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<h2>NASSR Annual Conventions, 1993-1999</h2>
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<div class="c4">Note: The formatting of the following program follows the original. We have made only minor changes throughout, correcting obvious errors and making some listings more uniform to facilitate electronic searching.</div>
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<p class="c2"><strong><span class="c7">Inaugural Conference of the North American Society for the Study of Romanticism</span></strong></p>
<h2 class="c8"><strong>26-29 August 1993</strong></h2>
<h3 class="c9"><strong>Windermere Manor, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada</strong></h3>
<hr/>
<p class="c2"><a name="top" id="top"> </a><span class="c10"><strong>Go to schedule for <a href="#Thursday">Thursday</a> | <a href="#Friday">Friday</a> | <a href="#Saturday">Saturday</a> | <a href="#Sunday">Sunday</a></strong></span></p>
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<p><a name="Thursday" id="Thursday"> </a><span class="c11">Thursday, August 26</span></p>
<p><span class="c7">8:30-10:00</span> <span class="c10">Registration and Coffee (Grand Hall)</span></p>
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<p><span class="c7">10:00-11:30</span> <span class="c10">Concurrent Sessions</span></p>
<p class="c12">1) <strong>Romantic Margins</strong> (Amphitheatre)<br/>
Moderated by Joel Faflak (Western Ontario)<br/>
"Glossing Over the Ancient Mariner," James Holt McGavran Jr. (North Carolina)<br/>
"'Visibility Should Not Be Visible': Blake's Borders and the Regime of Sight," David Clark (McMaster Univ.)<br/>
"Marginal Glosses, Illuminated Texts, Punctuation, &amp; Ideologies of Visual Syntax," Donald Ault (Florida)</p>
<p class="c12">2) <strong>Re-Writing Genre, Re-Writing Ideology</strong> (North Meeting Room)<br/>
Moderated by Karen Herbert.<br/>
"The Narrative Familiarization of Gender in Mary Lamb's 'Measure for Measure,'" Thomas C. Crochunis (Rutgers)<br/>
"Rewriting Shakespeare: <i>Otello</i>, Romanticism and Bourgeois Ideology," Grace Kehler (Western Ontario)<br/>
"A Cinderella Among the Muses: Barrett Browning and the Ballad Tradition," Marjorie Stone (Dalhousie)</p>
<p class="c12">3) <strong>Romantic Refigurings of Classical Rhetorical and Poetic Genres</strong> (Special Session Organised by Don Bialostosky [Penn State]) (Meeting Room A)<br/>
Moderated by Don Bialostosky.<br/>
"'Between Poetry and Oratory': Coleridge's Romantic Effusions," J. Douglas Kneale (Western Ontario)<br/>
"The Rhetoric of Improvisation: <i>Michael</i> and Quintillian's <i>Institutio Oratorio</i>," Scott Harshbarger (Hofstra)<br/>
"The Georgic Disposition of <i>Prelude</i>&#160;I," Bruce Graver (Providence)</p>
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<p><span class="c7">11:30-1:00</span> <span class="c10">Lunch (Grand Hall)</span></p>
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<p><span class="c7">1:00-1:15</span> <span class="c10">Provost's Introductory Comments (Lounge, Saugeen-Maitland)</span></p>
<p><span class="c7">1:15-2:30</span> <span class="c10">Plenary Session (Lounge, Saugeen-Maitland)<br/>
Moderated by Thomas J. Collins (Provost, Western Ontario).<br/></span><span class="c7">"Reading:&#160; The Wordsworthian Enlightenment," Geoffrey H. Hartman (Yale)</span></p>
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<p><span class="c7">3:00-4:30</span> <span class="c10">Concurrent Sessions</span></p>
<p class="c12">1) <strong>The Historical Novel and Civil Society</strong> (Special Session Organised by L. M. Findlay [Saskatchewan]) (Amphitheatre)<br/>
Moderated by Corinna Rohse (Western Ontario).<br/>
"Fictions of Civility in Scott and Hegel," L. M. Findlay<br/>
"The Historical Novel and Civil Society: Revolution and Romanticism," Gary Kelly (Alberta)<br/>
"The Subject in History: William Godwin's Historical Fiction," Gary Handwerk (Washington)</p>
<p class="c12">2) <strong>Framing the Subject: Portraits and Frontispieces</strong> (North Meeting Room)<br/>
Moderated by Lorraine Clark (Trent).<br/>
"Engendering a Female Self: Mary Darby Robinson's Works in the 1790s," Eleanor Ty (Wilfrid Laurier)<br/>
"Portraits of Prudent Men: Heroes as Cool as Colambre," Andrew Fenwick (Ottawa)<br/>
"The Genre of Creation: Blake's Revisions to the Title Plate to <i>Europe</i>," Peter Otto (Melbourne)</p>
<p class="c12">3) <strong>The Subversive Byron</strong> (Meeting Room A)<br/>
Moderated by Rachel Billigheimer.<br/>
"Subverting Epic Subversions: Lord Byron versus Mrs. Hemans," Andrew Elfenbein (Minnesota)<br/>
"Byron's 'Laughter from a Dunce': The Liberating Force of Romantic Irony in <i>Don Juan</i>," Christopher Strathman (Notre Dame)<br/>
"Generic Disparity in Byron," Mervyn Nicholson (Cariboo)</p>
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<p><span class="c7">4:30-5:00</span> <span class="c10">Refreshments (Grand Hall and Amphitheatre)</span></p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">5:00-6:45</span> <span class="c10">Concurrent Sessions</span></p>
<p class="c12">1) <strong>Gender and Genre</strong> (Special Session Organised by Anne Mellor [UCLA]) (Amphitheatre)<br/>
Moderated by Annette Wheeler Cafarelli (Columbia).<br/>
"A Criticism of Their Own: Romantic Women Literary Critics," Anne Mellor<br/>
"Writing on the Border: The National Tale, Female Writing, and the Public Sphere," Ina Ferris (Ottawa)<br/>
"Joanna Baillie: The Female Bard," Julie Carlson (University of California, Santa Barbara)<br/>
Respondent: Judith Page (Millsaps)</p>
<p class="c12">2) <strong>The Genres of Nationality</strong> (North Meeting Room)<br/>
Moderated by Kenneth Graham (Guelph).<br/>
"Nationalism and Antiquarianism:&#160; Scott's <i>Ivanhoe</i> as the Wardour Manuscript," Julia M. Wright (Western Ontario)<br/>
"Nationalizing Women and Domesticating Fiction: Edmund Burke and the Genres of Englishness," Deidre Lynch (SUNY, Buffalo)<br/>
"Footnotes and Female Authority in Romantic Travel Books:&#160; The Case of Lady Morgan," Jeanne Moskal (North Carolina)<br/>
"Expanding Chronotopes: Empire and Generic Experiment in the Early Romantic Novel," Katie Trumpener (Chicago)</p>
<p class="c12">3) <strong>The Ideology of Lyric</strong> (Meeting Room A)<br/>
Moderated by John B. Pierce (Queen's).<br/>
"In Defense of Lyric," Onno Oerlemans (Ottawa)<br/>
"Shelley's Epic Lyric: 'The Ode to the West Wind,'" Arkady Plotnitsky (Pennsylvania)<br/>
"'Applaud the Deed': The Theatre of Lyricism in Shelley's <i>Adonais</i>," Daniel Wilson (Western Ontario)<br/>
"Shelley's Fate, Fame and <i>Adonais</i>: The Revival of Elegy and the Survival of Romantic Idealism," Kim Wheatley (William and Mary)</p>
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<p><span class="c7">7:00-9:30</span> <span class="c10">Provost's Reception (Graduate Student Pub, Rm 19F, Middlesex College)</span></p>
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<p><a name="Friday" id="Friday"> </a><span class="c11">Friday August 27 &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="#top"><span class="c10">back to top</span></a></p>
<p><span class="c7">9:00-10:45</span> <span class="c10">Concurrent Sessions</span></p>
<p class="c12">1) <strong>Genre, Politics, and the Romantic Culture Industry</strong> (Special Session Organised by Jon Klancher [Boston]) (Amphitheatre)<br/>
Moderated by Richard Shroyer (Western Ontario).<br/>
"Godwin's Reflex: Politics and Genre Reform in Romantic Criticism," Jon Klancher<br/>
"I Am in Such Terror: Romantic Women Narrate Political History," Miranda Burgess (Boston)<br/>
"Fugitive Writing: Periodical Forms in Crisis," Kevin Gilmartin (California Institute of Technology)<br/>
"Illegitimate Shelley and the Gaze of High Culture in the 1820s," Neil Fraistat (Maryland)</p>
<p class="c12">2) <strong>Gothic Economies</strong> (North Meeting Room)<br/>
Moderated by Robert Alexander (McMaster).<br/>
"Gothic Antiquarianism," Laura J. George (Ohio State)<br/>
"'An Embarrassing Subject': Use Value, Exchange Value, and Early Gothic Characterization," Andrea Henderson (Michigan)<br/>
"The Ghost of the Counterfeit in the Genesis of the Gothic," Jerrold Hogle (Arizona)<br/>
"The Gothic Novel: How Radical a Genre?" Robert Miles (Sheffield Hallam)</p>
<p class="c12">3) <strong>Theories of Genre and Romantic Practices</strong> (Special Session Organised by Don Bialostosky [Penn State]) (Meeting Room A)<br/>
Moderated by Peter Thoms (Western Ontario).<br/>
"Genres from Life in Wordsworth's Art," Don Bialostosky<br/>
"The Lyric Mix: Romanticism, Genre and the Fate of Literature," Clifford Siskin (SUNY, Stony Brook)<br/>
"The Skeleton, the Black Sheep, and the Madwoman: or; Revolution in Gothic Language," Anne Williams (Georgia)<br/>
Respondent: Gene Ruoff (Illinois at Chicago)</p>
<p class="c12">4) <strong>Family Romances I</strong> (Board Room)<br/>
Moderated by Pamela Black (St. Frances Xavier).<br/>
"Immersion and Romantic Identity: Dorothy Wordsworth's Journals," Kay K. Cook (Southern Utah)<br/>
"Sarah Hazlitt's <em>Journal of My Trip to Scotland</em>, the Romantic Subject, and Women's Autobiographical Writing," Sonia Hofkosh (Tufts)<br/>
"Frankenstein, Autobiography, and the Repression of the Maternal," Monika Lee (Cornell)<br/>
"Taking by Storm: The Discourse of Spontaneity in Kleist's 'Marquise of O---,'" Jean Wilson (McMaster)</p>
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<p><span class="c7">10:45-11:15</span> <span class="c10">Refreshments (Grand Hall and Amphitheatre)</span></p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">11:15-12:45</span> <span class="c10">Concurrent Sessions</span></p>
<p class="c12">1) <strong>Transformations of the Visual into the Verbal</strong> (Amphitheatre)<br/>
Moderated by Paola Mayer (Toronto).<br/>
"'The Limits of Genre': The Visual and Verbal Sketch in British Romanticism," Richard Sha (American University)<br/>
"Gender Ideology and the Sublime in Visual and Verbal Art of the Romantic Period," William C. Snyder (Saint Vincent)<br/>
"Time, History, and the Structure of Aesthetic Labour: "Tintern Abbey"'s Movement Toward Form," Thomas Pfau (Duke)</p>
<p class="c12">2) <strong>Satire and Parody: The Unromantic Romantic Genres</strong> (North Meeting Room)<br/>
Moderator TBA.<br/>
"Parody and the Editorial State Apparatus: Genrification as Containment," Mark Jones (Queen's)<br/>
"Satire and the Construction of the Unromantic," Steven E. Jones (Loyola)<br/>
"Jane Taylor's Poetry and the Gender of Satyrism," Gary Dyer (Cincinnati)</p>
<p class="c12">3) <strong>Political Discourses in Literary Texts</strong> (Meeting Room A)<br/>
Moderated by Arnd Bohm (Carleton).<br/>
"The Evil Theatocracy: De Quincey, Kant and the Laws of Tragedy," Daniel O'Quinn (York)<br/>
"Generic Experiment and Ideological Argument in the Mythological Dramas of the Hunt Circle," Jeffrey N. Cox (Texas A&amp;M)<br/>
"America, Brought to Hospital: The Romance of Medicine and Democracy in Whitman's Civil War," Robert Davis (Wittenberg)</p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">12:45-2:00</span> <span class="c10">Lunch (Grand Hall)</span></p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">2:00-3:30</span> <span class="c10">Concurrent Sessions</span></p>
<p class="c12">1) <strong>The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Years</strong> (Amphitheatre)<br/>
Moderated by Greg Kucich (Notre Dame).<br/>
"Genre, Gender and Writing the French Revolution," Katherine Binhammer (York)<br/>
"Robert Southey's Dream-Vision of Revolution," John Morillo (Chicago)<br/>
"The Remaking of an Allegory: Corinne's Triumphal March," Mary Helen McMurran (NYU)</p>
<p class="c12">2) <strong>Romantic Aesthetics</strong> (North Meeting Room)<br/>
Moderated by Ulrich Scheck (Queen's).<br/>
"Gender Ideology in German Romantic Aesthetics of Creativity," Alice Kuzniar (North Carolina)<br/>
"Gender, Aesthetics, and the Bildungsroman," Marc Redfield (Claremont Graduate School)<br/>
"Probing the Limits of Representation: Ludwig Teick's Allegorical Drama <i>Kaiser Octavianus</i>," Kathryn Hanson (Western Ontario)</p>
<p class="c12">3) <strong>Cold Pastoral: Romanticism in Canada</strong> (Special Session Organised by D. M. R. Bentley [Western Ontario]) (Meeting Room A)<br/>
Moderated by Susan Birkwood (Western Ontario).<br/>
"'Pinnacled Dim': The Height of Land in G. J. Mountain's <i>Songs of the Wilderness</i> (1846)," Michael Williams (Edinburgh)<br/>
"Thomas Moore, Romantic Lyricism, and the Construction of Central Canada," D. M. R. Bentley<br/>
"Ideologies of I: The Ideological Function of Life-Writing in Pre-Confederation Upper Canada," John Thurston (Ottawa)</p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">4:00-5:15</span> <span class="c10">Plenary Session (Lounge, Saugeen-Maitland)<br/>
Moderated by James Good (Western Ontario).<br/></span><span class="c7">"Romance: Romantic Meta-Genre or Casualty of History?" Marilyn Butler (Cambridge)</span></p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">5:15-5:45</span> <span class="c10">Refreshments (Saugeen-Maitland)</span></p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">5:45-7:00</span> <span class="c10">Plenary Session (Lounge, Saugeen-Maitland)<br/>
Moderated by Elizabeth Harvey (Western Ontario).<br/></span><span class="c7">"In Love with a Cold Climate: Wollstonecraft, Travel, and Transference," Mary Jacobus (Cornell)</span></p>
<hr/>
<p><a name="Saturday" id="Saturday"> </a><span class="c11">Saturday August 28 &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="#top"><span class="c10">back to top</span></a></p>
<p><span class="c7">9:00-10:45</span> <span class="c10">Concurrent Sessions</span></p>
<p class="c12">1) <strong>Romantic Genres and the Popular Press</strong> (Special Session Organised by Paul Magnuson [NYU]) (Amphitheatre)<br/>
Moderated by Donald Goellnicht (McMaster).<br/>
"Political Allegory and Repression in the 1790s Popular Press," Michael Scrivener (Wayne State)<br/>
"Byron and Mediation," Paul Magnuson<br/>
"Keats in <i>The Examiner</i>," John Kandl (NYU)<br/>
"Determining the Reader: <i>Sartor Resartus</i> and the Ideology of Capitalism," Kristen Leaver (Toronto)</p>
<p class="c12">2) <strong>Revisiting the Romantic Ideology</strong> (North Meeting Room)<br/>
Moderated by Michael Sider (Western Ontario).<br/>
"Cold War Liberalism and the New Romanticism," Jonathan Gross (DePaul)<br/>
"Romantic Ideology and the Evasions of Criticism," Steven E. Cole (Temple)<br/>
"Wordsworth and Romanticism in the Academy," John Rieder (Hawaii at Manoa)<br/>
Respondent: James McKusick (Maryland)</p>
<p class="c12">3) <strong>Is a Medium a Genre?</strong> (Special Session Organised by Marshall Brown [Washington]) (Meeting Room A)<br/>
Moderated by Treena Evans (Western Ontario).<br/>
"Gender, Genre, and the Parlour Piano," Ruth Solie (Smith College)<br/>
"Washington Allston and the Sister Arts Tradition," David Miller (Allegheny)<br/>
"Is a Pig a Poke, or the Baby the Bathwater: Reasons Why it Must Depend," Morris Eaves (Rochester)<br/>
Respondent: Marshall Brown</p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">10:45-11:15</span> <span class="c10">Refreshments (Grand Hall and Amphitheatre)</span></p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">11:15-12:45</span> <span class="c10">Concurrent Sessions</span></p>
<p class="c12">1) <strong>Philosophical Genre Theory in German Romanticism</strong> (Special Session Organised by Cyrus Hamlin [Yale]) (Amphitheatre)<br/>
Moderated by Gnter Hess (Western Ontario).<br/>
"Origins of Philosophical Genre Theory," Cyrus Hamlin.<br/>
"The Generic Sublime," Ian Balfour (York)<br/>
"Esoteric Genre Theory: Nietzsche, Heidegger, Cronenberg," Geoffrey Waite (Cornell)</p>
<p class="c12">2) <strong>Aspects of Orientalism in Romantic Poetry</strong> (North Meeting Room)<br/>
Moderated by Teresa Hubel (St. Mary's).<br/>
"Orientalism, Self, and Gender in the Verse Narratives of Southey and Byron," Thomas J. Orman<br/>
"'Illustration Purely Oriental': Annotations as Generic Necessity in <i>Lalla Rookh</i>," Clare A. Simmons (Ohio State)<br/>
"For all Who Heard Should Cry 'Beware! Beware!': An Enquiry into the Ideological Resonances of S. T. Coleridge's 'Supernatural' Poems," Sukeshi Kamra (Okanagan)</p>
<p class="c12">3) <strong>Political Theatre</strong> (Meeting Room A)<br/>
Moderated by Kathryn Freeman (Miami).<br/>
"English Romantic Women Writers and Theatre Theory," Catherine Burroughs (Cornell College)<br/>
"Spectacle of the Guillotine: Helen Maria Williams on the Reign of Terror," Deborah Kennedy (Mount Saint Vincent)<br/>
"Coleridge's <i>Osorio</i>: The Theatre of Politics, the Politics of Theatre," Steven Bruhm (Bishop's)</p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">12:45-2:00</span> <span class="c10">Lunch (Grand Hall)</span></p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">2:00-3:30</span> <span class="c10">Concurrent Sessions</span></p>
<p class="c12">1) <strong>Sub-Versions of Epic</strong> (Special Session Organised by Stuart Curran [Pennsylvania]) (Amphitheatre)<br/>
Moderated by John T. Ogden (Manitoba).<br/>
"Romantic Constructions, Epic Subversions," Karen Weisman (Waterloo)<br/>
"Transgressive Heroines from Joan of Arc to Margaret of Anjou," Stuart Curran<br/>
"<i>Aurora Leigh</i>: Epic Solutions to Novel Ends," Herbert Tucker (Virginia)</p>
<p class="c12">2) <strong>The Aesthetic Absolute: Poetry, Science, Philosophy</strong> (North Meeting Room)<br/>
Moderated by Martin Kreiswirth (Western Ontario).<br/>
"Romanticism, Criticism, Organicity," Paul Youngquist (Penn State)<br/>
"Concretizing the Infinite Ideal: Toward a Synthesis of Chaos and Logos in Friedrich Schlegel's Symbolic Concept of Romantic 'Poetry' and the 'Roman' Form," Lori Wagner (Pennsylvania)<br/>
"Poetry as Super-Genre in William Wordsworth: Presentation and Ethics," David P. Haney (Auburn)</p>
<p class="c12">3) <strong>Family Romances II: Romantic Pairs</strong> (Meeting Room A)<br/>
Moderated by Mary Arseneau (Ottawa).<br/>
"Mary Shelley, William Godwin, and the Ideologies of Incest," Ranita Chatterjee (Western Ontario)<br/>
"Gender, Genre and Writing the Nation: Henry Brooke's versus Charlotte Brooke's Ireland," Leith Ann Davis (Simon Fraser)<br/>
"Sentimental Exchanges: Percy Bysshe Shelley and Charlotte Dacre," Barbara Gelpi (Stanford)</p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">3:30-4:00</span> <span class="c10">Refreshments (Grand Hall and Amphitheatre)</span></p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">4:00-5:15</span> <span class="c10">Concurrent Sessions</span></p>
<p class="c12">1) <strong>The Discursive Coleridge</strong> (Amphitheatre)<br/>
Moderated by Robert K. Lapp (Dalhousie).<br/>
"Imagination, Patriarchy and Evil: Reconsidering Coleridge's Theory of the Imagination," Anthony John Harding (Saskatchewan)<br/>
"The Regulation of Freedom and the Purity of Genre in Schelling and Coleridge," Martin Wallen (Oklahoma State)</p>
<p class="c12">2) <strong>Ideologies of Place</strong> (North Meeting Room)<br/>
Moderated by Julie Fenwick (Ottawa).<br/>
"Gimme Shelter: Sanctuary and the Formation of Historical Fiction," Richard Maxwell (Valparaiso)<br/>
"'Bodily Accommodations': Keats's Landscapes and the Eighteenth-Century Topographical Genre," Elizabeth Jones (Toronto)<br/>
"Coleorton's 'Classic Ground': Wordsworth, Beaumont and the Ideologies of Place," Thomas Pearson (Iowa)</p>
<p class="c12">3) <strong>Reconstituting the Political Landscape</strong> (Meeting Room A)<br/>
Moderated by June Sturrock (Simon Fraser).<br/>
"John Thelwall and the Politics of Genre," Judith Thompson (Dalhousie)<br/>
"Blake's <i>Jerusalem</i> and the Language of Constitutions," Angela Esterhammer (Western Ontario)</p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">5:45-7:00</span> <span class="c10">Plenary Session (Lounge, Saugeen-Maitland)<br/>
Moderated by Milton Wilson (Toronto).<br/></span><span class="c7">"Autonarration and Genotext in Mary Hays' <i>Memoirs of Emma Courtney</i>," Tilottama Rajan (Western Ontario)</span></p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">8:00</span><span class="c10">Barbeque and Cash Bar (Windermere Manor Patio)</span></p>
<hr/>
<p><a name="Sunday" id="Sunday"> </a><span class="c11">Sunday August 29 &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="#top"><span class="c10">back to top</span></a></p>
<p><span class="c7">10:00-11:45</span> <span class="c10">Concurrent Sessions</span></p>
<p class="c12">1) <strong>Gendering the Romantic Text</strong> (Special Session Organised by Anne Mellor [UCLA]) (Amphitheatre)<br/>
Moderated by Hildegard Nabbe (Waterloo).<br/>
"'Mother Outline': A Critique of Gender in Blake's Aesthetics," Peter Georgelos (Western Ontario)<br/>
"The Feminine Milton: Gender and Genre in the Epic Excursion," Esther Schor (Princeton)<br/>
"Trans-figuring Byronic Identity," Nicola Watson (Northwestern)<br/>
Respondent: Nelson Hilton (Georgia)</p>
<p class="c12">2) <strong>Wordsworth, Dialogics and Politics</strong> (North Meeting Room)<br/>
Moderated by Paul Keen (Trinity College Dublin)<br/>
"Genre and Politics in Wordsworth's <i>Salisbury Plain</i>," Kurt Fosso (Westminster)<br/>
"'Poor Susan's' True Colours," Adela Pinch (Michigan)<br/>
"Wordsworth's Voices: Ideology and Self-Critique in the <i>Prelude</i>," Brooke Hopkins (Utah)<br/>
Respondent: Nancy Moore Goslee (Tennessee)</p>
<p class="c12">3) <strong>Reception and Perception: Re-Viewing Romanticism</strong> (Meeting Room A)<br/>
Moderated by A. Elizabeth McKim (St. Thomas).<br/>
"Telling Tales About Genre: Poetry in the Romantic Novel," Mary A. Favret (Indiana)<br/>
"Christabel's Reviewers and the Politics of Genre," Lauren Fitzgerald (NYU)<br/>
"Readers Reading Themselves," J. Andrew Hubbell (Maryland)<br/>
Respondent: Lisa Vargo (Saskatchewan)</p>
<hr/>
<p><span class="c7">12:00-1:30</span> <span class="c10">NASSR Business Meeting over refreshments.</span></p>
<hr/>
<br/>
<br/>
<br/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="c5">
<blockquote>
<hr/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/nassr.html">NASSR Annual Conventions - Main Page</a><br/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a><br/></blockquote>
</td>
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</table>
<hr/>
<p class="c13"><!--end of the breadcrumb trail--> <!--beginning of fine print and footer-->
<!--end fine print and footer--></p></div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31537">Scholarly Resources</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Resource:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/karen-herbert" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Karen Herbert</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/elizabeth-barrett-browning" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Elizabeth Barrett Browning</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/scott-harshbarger" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Scott Harshbarger</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/thomas-c-crochunis" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Thomas C. Crochunis</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/william-godwin" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Godwin</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/mary-favret" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary A. Favret</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/j-douglas-kneale-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">J. Douglas Kneale</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/dorothy-wordsworth-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Dorothy Wordsworth</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/joel-faflak-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Joel Faflak</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/david-clark" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">David Clark</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/grace-kehler" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Grace Kehler</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/michael-sider" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michael Sider</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft-shelley-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/donald-ault" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Donald Ault</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/don-bialostosky" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Don Bialostosky</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/james-holt-mcgavran-jr" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">James Holt McGavran Jr.</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/marjorie-stone" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Marjorie Stone</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/bruce-graver" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Bruce Graver</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/mary-lamb-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Lamb</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-city-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">City:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/ottawa" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ottawa</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/toronto" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Toronto</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/boston" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Boston</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/melbourne" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Melbourne</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/chicago" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Chicago</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ohio" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ohio</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/saskatchewan" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Saskatchewan</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/michigan" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michigan</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/utah" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Utah</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">California</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/georgia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Georgia</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/arizona" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Arizona</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ontario" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ontario</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/alberta" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Alberta</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/maryland" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Maryland</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/illinois" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Illinois</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/pennsylvania" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Pennsylvania</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/florida" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Florida</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/north-carolina" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">North Carolina</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-country-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Country:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/canada" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Canada</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/country/scotland" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Scotland</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/columbia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Columbia</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-continent-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Continent:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/continent/america" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">America</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/continent/europe" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Europe</a></li></ul></section>Fri, 04 May 2012 20:00:03 +0000rc-admin23086 at http://www.rc.umd.eduArchive of Romantic Division Sessions at Modern Language Association Annual Conventions (1990- )http://www.rc.umd.edu/reference/misc/confarchive/mlar.html
<div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><!--Couldn't selectively extract content, Imported Full Body :( May need to used a more carefully tuned import template.-->
<h2 class="c4">Romantic Studies at the MLA, 1990-1998<br/>
English Romantic Period Division Sessions</h2>
<hr width="600"/>
<div class="c5"><a href="#1990">1990</a> | <a href="#1991">1991</a> | <a href="#1992">1992</a> | <a href="#1993">1993</a> | <a href="#1994">1994</a> | <a href="#1995">1995</a> | <a href="#1996">1996</a> | <a href="#1997">1997</a> | <a href="#1998">1998</a></div>
<hr width="600"/>
<blockquote>
<h2><a name="1990">1990</a></h2>
<p class="c6">Romantic Elegy: The Elegiac Mode in Romantic Verse I</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Stephen M. Parrish, Cornell Univ.</p>
<p>1. "Elegy into Aura," Carol L. Bernstein, Bryn Mawr Coll.<br/>
2. "Rewriting Pastoral Elegy: Wordsworth's <i>The Brothers</i>," Bruce Edward Graver, Providence Coll.<br/>
3. "'Where Once . . . We Stood Rejoicing': Wordsworth, Scott, and <i>Musings near Aquapendente</i>," Stephen Gill, Oxford Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Romantic Elegy: The Elegiac Mode in Romantic Verse II</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Stephen M. Parrish, Cornell Univ.</p>
<p>1. "The Melancholy of Transience," Paul Magnuson, New York University.<br/>
2. "The Romantic Idea Elegy: The Politics of Nature, the Nature of Politics," Kenneth Richard Johnston, Indiana Univ., Bloomington<br/></p>
<p><i>Respondent:</i> Raimonda Modiano, Univ. of Washington<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Romantic Elegy: The Elegiac Mode in Romantic Verse III</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Kenneth Richard Johnston, Indiana Univ., Bloomington</p>
<p>1. "Dying into Newtonian Time: Wordsworth and the Elegiac Task," Stuart Peterfreund, Northeastern Univ.<br/>
2. "Words, Things, and Death: The Elegiac Mode in Wordsworth," David P. Haney, Auburn Univ.<br/></p>
<p><i>Respondent:</i> Thomas McFarland, Princeton Univ.<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h2><a name="1991">1991</a></h2>
<p class="c6">English Romanticism in the 1990's I: New Texts, New Approaches</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Susan J. Wolfson, Princeton Univ.</p>
<p>1. "Classifying Romanticism," Sonia Hofkosh, Tufts Univ.<br/>
2. "Genre and Romanticism: Wordsworth and the Uses of Georgic," Kurt Heinzelman, Univ. of Texas, Austin<br/>
3. "La Belle Dame Talks Back: Landon versus Keats," Anne K. Mellor, Univ. of California, Los Angeles<br/></p>
<p class="c6">English Romanticism in the 1990's II: New Texts, New Approaches</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Susan J. Wolfson, Princeton Univ.</p>
<p>1. "Male Authors, Women's Voices," Susan J. Wolfson<br/>
2. "Women, Language, and Political Authority in Romantic Writing," William Keach, Brown Univ.<br/>
3. "Encoded 'Babel' on the London Road: Juan, Tom, and Linguistic Negation," Paul Elledge, Vanderbilt Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">English Romanticism in the 1990's III: New Texts, New Approaches</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period.</p>
<p>1. "Will It Really 'Never Do'? Reading <i>The Excursion</i> in the Nineteenth Century," Peter Manning," Univ. of Southern California<br/>
2. "Keats's Posthumous Career," Karen Swann, Williams Coll.<br/>
3. "Elegiac Politics: The Death of Princess Charlotte," Esther Schor, Princeton Univ.<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h2><a name="1992">1992</a></h2>
<p class="c6">Romanticism and Postmodernism I</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Alan Liu, Univ. of California, Santa Barbara</p>
<p>1. "Installing Romanticism in Postmodernism (Notes on the <i>Spruce Goose</i>)," Alan Liu<br/>
2. "The Logic of Confessional Economy," Margaret Russett, Univ. of Southern California<br/>
3. "Between Regret and Assay," Julie Ellison, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor<br/>
4. "Nomads and Cyborgs: The Blithe Spirit of Postmoderism," Jay Clayton, Vanderbilt Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Romanticism and Postmodernism II</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period.</p>
<p>1. "Error and Power: The Poetry of Charles Bernstein and Edward Kamau Brathwaite," Bob Perelman, Univ. of Pennsylvania<br/>
2. "Re-membering Monstrosities: <i>Frankenstein</i> on Postmodernism," Roxanne V. Lin, Univ. of Vermont<br/>
3. "Staging Exile: Mapplethorpe and the Byronic Postmodern," Elizabeth Fay, Univ. of Massachusetts, Harbor Campus, Boston<br/>
4. "Reading Modernity and Resisting Reflexivity: Keats, Jameson, and the Postmodern Urn," Orrin N.C. Wang, Univ. of Maryland, College Park<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Green Romanticism: The Environment of Imagination</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Alan Liu, Univ. of California, Santa Barbara</p>
<p>1. "Romantic Ecology Revisited," Jonathan Bate, Univ. of Liverpool<br/>
2. "The Imagination's Happy Home (?): Wordsworthian Nature as Socially (En)Gendered Space," Stuart Peterfreund, Northeastern Univ.<br/>
3. "Nature, Not the Language of the Sense," Marjorie Levinson, Univ. of Pennsylvania<br/></p>
<p><i>Respondent</i>: Karl Kroeber, Columbia Univ.</p>
<hr/>
<h2><a name="1993">1993</a></h2>
<p class="c6">Romantic into Victorian I</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Peter J. Manning, Univ. of Southern California</p>
<p>1. "Class, Gender, and 'the Rise of Civil Society': Women's Writing from the Revolution to Romanticism," Gary Kelly, Univ. of Alberta<br/>
2. "Wordsworth from the Romantic Sublime to the Victorian Beautiful," Judith Page, Milsaps Coll.<br/>
3. "Wordsworth and the Mourning Victorians," Esther H. Schor, Princeton Univ.<br/>
4. "The End of Romanticism: The Poetry Market Crash of 1825-26 and Its Aesthetic Aftermath," Lee Erickson, Marshall Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Romantic into Victorian II</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Peter J. Manning, Univ. of Southern California</p>
<p>1. "Robert Browning and Romantic Allegory," Theresa M. Kelly, Univ. of Texas, Austin<br/>
2. "Romantic Figuration and the Figure of the Victorian Sage," Sheila Emerson, Tufts Univ.<br/>
3. "The Shady Side of the Sword: Byron's Homosexuality in Early Victorian England," Andrew Elfenbein, Univ. of Minnesota, Twin Cities<br/>
4. "Setting Limits: A Reading of the 1830s," Lawrence Poston, Univ. of Illinois, Chicago<br/></p>
<p class="c6">The Canonical and the Noncanonical</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period.</p>
<p>1. "Poetry and Philosophy: Analytical Terminology and the Literary Text," Mark Edmunson, Univ. of Virginia<br/>
2. "Southey's 'The Lay of the Laureate,' Leigh Hunt's 'The Laureate Laid Double,' and Byron's <i>Don Juan</i>,"Paul Magnuson, New York Univ.<br/>
3. "Sexual Politics and Literary History: William Hazlitt's Keswick Escapade and Sarah Hazlitt's <i>Journal</i>," Sonia Hofkosh, Tufts Univ.<br/>
4. "Lyrics and Anthology," Peter T. Murphy, Williams Coll.<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h2><a name="1994">1994</a></h2>
<p class="c6">Romanticism and Violence I</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Theresa Kelley, Univ. of Texas, Austin.</p>
<p>1. "Sites of Violence: Human Sacrifice and the Slave Trade in the Land of Dahomey," Raimonda Modiano, Univ. of Washington<br/>
2. "Flogging: The British Antislavery Movement Writes Pornography," Mary Favret, Indiana Univ., Bloomington<br/>
3. "Shelley in Chancery," Michael Kohler, Johns Hopkins Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Romanticism and Violence II</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: William Keach, Brown Univ.</p>
<p>1. "'Something Must Be Done': The Question of Feminine Resistance in Shelley and Hemans," Susan Wolfson, Princeton Univ.<br/>
2. "Tangled Gazes, Feminine Subjects: Percy Shelley and the Gendering of Revolution," Ashley Cross, Illinois Benedectine Coll.<br/>
3. "Sexual Violence and National Imaginings: Reading Sodomy in Shelley's <i>The Cenci</i>," Amanda Berry, Duke Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Imperialism, Genre, and the Formation of Romanticism</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: William Keach, Brown Univ.</p>
<p>1. "Epic Ambivalence: Imperial Politics and Romantic Deflection in Williams's <i>Peru</i> and Landor's <i>Gebir</i>," Alan Richardson, Boston Coll.<br/>
2. "Maturin's <i>Melmoth the Wanderer</i> and the Inheritance of Imperialism," Julia M. Wright, Univ. of Western Ontario<br/>
3. "The Great Forgetting: Romanticism, Gender, and the Formation of Literature," Clifford Siskin, State Univ. of New York, Stony Brook<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h2><a name="1995">1995</a></h2>
<p class="c6">The Range of Performance in British Romanticism</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Julie Carlson, Univ. of California, Santa Barbara</p>
<p>1. "The Illegitimacy of Theatrical Culture," Jane Moody, Girton Coll.<br/>
2. "My Kitchen, My Opera, Our Empire," Daniel O'Quinn, Cornell Univ.<br/>
3. "Listening to <i>Remorse</i>," Reeve Parker, Cornell Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Romantic Figures and Social Agency</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Steven Goldsmith, Univ. of California, Berkeley</p>
<p>1. "The Shakespeare Gallery and the Ruins of Empire," Suzanne Matheson, Univ. of Windsor<br/>
2. "'The Self-Pleasings of Self-Restraint': Shape and Agency in <i>Visions and the Daughters of Albion</i>," Fred Hoerner, Univ. of Texas, Austin<br/>
3. "Red Kant; or, The Persistence of the Third Critique in Adorno and Jameson," Robert Kaufman, McGill Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">On Discriminating Romantic Nationalisms</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Katie Trumpener, Univ. of Chicago</p>
<p>1. "Dangerous Correspondences: National Sympathies, Sexualities, and Temporalities in Scott's <i>Redgauntlet</i>," Eric Daffrom, State Univ. of New York, Buffalo<br/>
2. "'Types of a race who shall the invader scorn': Thomas Campbell and the Englishing of the Scottish Bards," Mark Canuel, Johns Hopkins Univ.<br/>
3. "Gothic Romanticism in the Anglo-Irish Devil's Bargain Thematic," Margot Gayle Bachus, Saint John Fisher Coll.<br/>
4. "Historical and Geographical Trajectories, North and South: Scott's Waverley Novels and <i>Tales of My Landlord</i>," Carolyn Buckley-LaRocque, Trinity Coll., Washington<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h2><a name="1996">1996</a></h2>
<p class="c6">Romantic Psychologies</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Julie Ellison, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor</p>
<p>1. "Neural Romanticism," Alan Richardson, Boston Coll.<br/>
2. "Romanticism, Mesmerism, and the End(s) of Psychoanalysis," Joel Faflak, Univ. of Western Ontario<br/>
3. "Romanticism, Kant, and the Prehistory of Psychoanalysis," Karen A. Weisman, Univ. of Toronto, Erindale Coll.<br/>
4. "Fashion and Passion in Joanna Baillie's 'Introductory Discourse,'" Andrea Henderson, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Literary Deformities: The (Un)Aesthetic</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Tilottama Rajan, Univ. of Western Ontario</p>
<p>1. "'Thus I Relieve Thee, My Creator': Blindness, Deformity, and Sublime Risk in <i>Frankenstein</i>," Charles J. Rzepka, Boston Univ.<br/>
2. "Redeformations of Tragic Aesthetics: Reformations and Deformations of the Tragic Genre in Kleist and Shelley," Arkady Plotnitsky, Duke Univ.<br/>
3. "Unintelligible Lyric, Nonsensical Drama: The Reviewers on <i>Prometheus Unbound</i>," Kim Wheatley, Coll. of William and Mary<br/>
4. "The Material ideology and the Antiaestheticist Aesthetic," Robert Kaufman, Stanford Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Other Histories: Romantic Reconstructions of the Past</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Gary Handwerk, Univ. of Washington</p>
<p>1. "Strange Dialogues: Conversational History in Blake, Wordsworth, and Others," Kevis Goodman, Yale Univ.<br/>
2. "From History to Archaeology: Keats's Hyperion Poems," Tilottama Rajan, Univ. of Western Ontario<br/>
3. "The Reformation of History in William Cobbett's <i>A History of the Protestant Reformation</i>," John Ulrich, Mansfield Univ.<br/>
4. "Race and Romantic Historiography: Bryan Edwards's <i>History of the West Indies</i>," James P. Carson, Kenyon Coll.<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h2><a name="1997">1997</a></h2>
<p class="c6">Romantic Media I: Williams's "Long Revolution" Revisited</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: James K. Chandler, Univ. of Chicago</p>
<p>1. "From Public Sphere to Virtual Marketplace: Romantic Satire and the Periodical Press," Kristen Leaver, Univ. of Toronto, Saint George Campus<br/>
2. "Media and Madness: Williams, Writing, and Romanticism," Clifford Haynes Siskin, State Univ. of New York, Stony Brook<br/>
3. "Mary Robinson and the Della Cruscans: Romantic Media Technologies and the Construction of the Female Author," Lisa M. Wilson, State Univ. of New York, Buffalo<br/>
4. "Keats and Review Culture," Andrew Franta, Johns Hopkins Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Romantic Media II: The Media of Common Life</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Julie Ann Carlson, Univ. of California, Santa Barbara.</p>
<p>1. "The State of Taste: Hazlitt and the Gourmandizing of the Periodical Press," Charles Waite Mahoney, Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs<br/>
2. "The Counterrevolution of Common Life," Kevin Michael Gilmartin, California Inst. of Tech<br/>
3. "Ballads and Bards: British Romantic Orality," Maureen Noelle McLane, Univ. of Chicago<br/>
4. "The Cultural Mediations of William Hone," Jocelyn Lutz, Stanford Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Romantic Media III: Composite Forms and Transmediations</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: James K. Chandler, Univ. of Chicago</p>
<p>1. "Jane Austen in Cyberspace," Jay Clayton, Vanderbilt Univ.<br/>
2. "Scotch Drink and Irish Harps: The Marketing of the National Air," Celeste G. Langan, Univ. of California, Berkeley<br/>
3. "Thomas Rowlandson and the Literary Politics of Romantic Pornography," Bradford Keyes Mudge, Univ. of Colorado, Denver<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h2><a name="1998">1998</a></h2>
<p class="c6">Romantic Relations I: Spatial Relations and Geographies</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Julie Ellison, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor.</p>
<p>1. "Romantic Rocks, Aesthetic Geology," Noah Herringman, Harvard Univ.<br/>
2. "Writing on Water: Coleridge's Notebooks and the Journey to Malta," Deborah Elise White, Columbia Univ.<br/>
3. "History and Spatiality in Scott's <i>Old Mortality</i>," George Alan Drake, Univ. of Washington<br/>
4. "Cross-Cultural Conventions: America Passes Judgment on Thomas De Quincey," Karen Karabiener, Columbia Univ.<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Romantic Relations II: Social Relations and Intersubjectivity</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Margaret M. Dunn, Rollins Coll.</p>
<p>1. "Moving Pictures: Self-Display, Exchange, and Eighteenth-Century Miniatures," Christopher K. Rovee, Princeton Univ.<br/>
2. "Rape and Governance: Inchbald's Allegory of Lucrece," Daniel O'Quinn, Univ. of Guelph Univ.<br/>
3. "Romantic Performativeness and Intersubjectivity," Mark Conrad Jones, Queen's Univ.<br/>
4. "Romanticism Degree Zero: Stylelessness among the Rank and File," Nanora Louise Sweet, Univ. of Missouri, Saint Louis<br/></p>
<p class="c6">Romantic Relations III: Textual Relations and Print Culture</p>
<p>Division on the English Romantic Period. <i>Presiding</i>: Julie Ellison, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor.</p>
<p>1. "William Hone and the (Re)Constitution of English Print Culture," L. Kyle Grimes, Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham<br/>
2. "The Vanishing Quarto: Downsizing Poetry during the Romantic Period," Lee Erickson, Marshall Univ.<br/>
3. "Plotting the Success of the <i>Quarterly Review</i>," Kim Elizabeth Wheatley, Coll. of William and Mary<br/></p>
<hr/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/mla.html">Romantic Studies at the MLA - Main Page</a><br/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a><br/></blockquote>
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Bernstein</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-city-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">City:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/ann-arbor" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ann Arbor</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/santa-barbara" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Santa Barbara</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/austin" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Austin</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/reading" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Reading</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/boston" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Boston</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/los-angeles" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Los Angeles</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/london" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">London</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/virginia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Virginia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/southern-california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Southern California</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/new-york" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">New York</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/michigan" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michigan</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">California</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ontario" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ontario</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/alberta" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Alberta</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/texas" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Texas</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/vermont" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Vermont</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/maryland" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Maryland</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/illinois" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Illinois</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/pennsylvania" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Pennsylvania</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/massachusetts" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Massachusetts</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-country-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Country:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/peru" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Peru</a></li></ul></section>Fri, 04 May 2012 19:59:49 +0000rc-admin23079 at http://www.rc.umd.eduAmerican Conference on Romanticism 1997 Conference Programhttp://www.rc.umd.edu/reference/misc/confarchive/acr97.html
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<h2>American Conference on Romanticism<br/>
Annual Meetings, 1994-1998</h2>
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<div class="c4">Note: The formatting of the following program follows the original. We have made only minor changes throughout, correcting obvious errors and making some listings more uniform to facilitate electronic searching.</div>
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<h2>American Conference on Romanticism Fourth Annual Meeting</h2>
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<h3>University of Georgia, January 22-25, 1998</h3>
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<p>Conference Organizer: Anne Williams</p>
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<p><b>Registration, Holiday Inn Lobby:</b> 2:30-5:30</p>
<h2 class="c7">First Session: 3:30-5:00</h2>
<h3>1. <i>Gothic/Romantic I</i>, Athena I :</h3>
<p>Chair: Anne Williams, University of Georgia</p>
<p>b. "The Tigers in the Woods: Gothicism and Wordsworth's Lucy Poems"<br/>
Laura Dabundo, Kennesaw State University</p>
<p>c. "Gothic Ruins and Arches: Trauma Theory and the Liminal"<br/>
Diane Long Hoeveler, Marquette University</p>
<h3>2. <i>The French Revolution</i>, Athena II:</h3>
<p>Chair: Nelson Hilton, University of Georgia</p>
<p>a. "Coleridge, France, and the <i>Morning Post</i> Essays of 1802"<br/>
James W. Scannell, University of Connecticut</p>
<p>b. "The Bastille Revisited"<br/>
Nicole Reynolds, University of Georgia</p>
<p>c. "Spectacular Specters of Renaissance and Revolution: Romantic Audiences and Actors' Alternatives"<br/>
Celestine Liu, New York University</p>
<h3>3. <i>Wordsworth</i>, President's Room:</h3>
<p>Chair: Elizabeth Rackley, Emory University</p>
<p>a. "Victorian or Romantic? Moral and Sexual Themes in Wordsworth's <i>The Excursion</i>"<br/>
Catherine Ramsdell, Auburn University</p>
<p>b."'Still Glides the Stream': Form and Function in Wordsworth's <i>The River Duddon</i>"<br/>
Daniel Robinson, Widener University</p>
<p>c. "'Throwing Words Away': Hysterical Subversion and the Hysterical Masculine Voice in Wordsworth's 'We are Seven'"<br/>
Colleen Donovan, University of Georgia</p>
<h3>4. <i>Natural Sounds and Senses</i>, Corporate Room:</h3>
<p>Chair: Katherine Montweiler, University of Georgia</p>
<p>a. "The Power of Sound in <i>The Prelude"</i><br/>
Elizabeth L. Colledge, Independent Scholar</p>
<p>b. "Romanticizing Nature: Emerson and Frost"<br/>
Guiyou Huang, Kutztown University</p>
<p>c. "The <i>Genius Loci</i> and the Shade of Coleridge"<br/>
Kathryn Pratt, Vanderbilt University</p>
<p><b>Reception: Taylor-Grady House, 634 Prince Avenue</b>: 6:00-8:00 p.m.</p>
<p>(Buses leave Holiday Inn at 5:50 p.m.)</p>
<hr/>
<p><b>Registration, Holiday Inn Lobby:</b> 8:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m.</p>
<p>Continental Breakfast: 7:30-10:00</p>
<h2><b>First Session</b>: 8:00-9:30</h2>
<h3>1. <i>Gendered Spaces</i>: Athena I:</h3>
<p>Chair: Celestine Liu, New York University</p>
<p>a. "Gendered Space in the Works of William Wordsworth and Caspar David Friedrich"<br/>
Ray Fleming, Florida State University</p>
<p>b. "The Secret Casket and the Deathly Woman in Cooper's <i>The Deerslayer"</i><br/>
David Callahan, Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal</p>
<p>c. "'Mother-Church': Potential Deconstruction of Masculine Authority/Feminine Submission in Jane West's <i>Letters to a Young Man</i>"<br/>
Julie Straight, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill</p>
<h3>2. <i>Land and Labor</i>, Athena II:</h3>
<p>Chair: Thomas Peterson, University of Georgia</p>
<p>a. "Thoreau's Beanfield and Utopian Socialism"<br/>
Lance Newman, Brown University</p>
<p>b. "Reconstructing Nature: 'Humanized Landscapes' in Jane Austen and Contemporaries"<br/>
Rodney Farnsworth, Indiana University-Purdue University</p>
<p>c. "The Landed Revolution: Rural Economy and Nationalist Politics, 1776-1815"<br/>
Christine Bolus-Reichert, Indiana University</p>
<h3>3. <i>"L'amour passion,"</i> Georgia East:</h3>
<p>Chair: Charles Mahoney, University of Connecticut</p>
<p>a. " 'Between Avoidance and Acknowledgement': Love's Open Secret in Lafayette's <i>La Princesse de Cleves"</i><br/>
Anne-Lise Fran&#231;ois, Princeton University</p>
<p>b. "<i>Julie</i>, or the Apotheosis of the Veil"<br/>
Ross Hamilton, Barnard College</p>
<p>c. "The Misfortunes of Virtue, The Virtue of Folly"<br/>
Rajani Sudan, University of Texas at Arlington</p>
<p>d. "The End of the Affair"<br/>
Charles Mahoney, University of Connecticut</p>
<h3>4. <i>Women and the Nation</i>: Georgia West:</h3>
<p>Chair:</p>
<p>a. "The Political Music of Bettina von Arnim and Johanna Kinkel"<br/>
Marjanne E. Gooz&#233; and Ann Willison Lemke. University of Georgia</p>
<p>b. "One Woman's Text as a Critique of Imperialism: Mary Shelley's <i>Frankenstein</i>"<br/>
Kathleen Koljian, University of Connecticut</p>
<p>c. "Stranger to Herself: Gender, Nation, and Exile in the Poems of Charlotte Smith"<br/>
Leigh-Anne Urbanowicz-Marcellin, University of Georgia</p>
<p>d. "Re-discovering 'Corsica'"<br/>
Katherine Montweiler, University of Georgia</p>
<h2>Second Session: 9:45-11:15</h2>
<h3>1. <i>Manzoni and the European Romantics</i>, Athena I :</h3>
<p>Chair: Larry Peer, Brigham Young University</p>
<p>a. "Letters from Exile: on the Post-Nationalism of Manzoni's French Writings"<br/>
Susanna F. Ferlito, University of Minnesota</p>
<p>b. "The Paradoxical Romanticism of Manzoni's <i>Il Cinque Maggio</i>"<br/>
Thomas E. Peterson, University of Georgia</p>
<p>c. "1815, What Gets Restored in Italy? From masses to Masses: Manzoni and Cuoco do Vico"<br/>
Sante Matteo, Miami University of Ohio<br/></p>
<h3>2. <i>The Sublime</i>, Athena II:</h3>
<p>Chair: Ray Fleming, Florida State University</p>
<p>a. "Shelley, Turner, and the Romantic Sublime"<br/>
Chris Foss, Texas Christian University</p>
<p>b. "The Burkean Sublime and Blake's Anti-Rhetorical Strategy in <i>America: a Prophecy</i>"<br/>
Stephen A. Raynie, Louisiana State University</p>
<p>c. "Sublime Seductions: The Erotics of Violence in Byron's <i>Werner</i>"<br/>
Daniela Garofalo, University of Maryland</p>
<h3>3. <i>Mary Robinson</i>, Georgia East:</h3>
<p>Chair: Anne Mellor, UCLA</p>
<p>a. "From <i>Lyrical Ballads</i> to <i>Lyrical Tales</i>: Mary Robinson's Strategies of Production"<br/>
Ashley J. Cross, Manhattan College</p>
<p>b. "Public Women, Domesticity, and the Body in Mary Robinson's 'Monody to the Memory of Marie Antoinette, Queen of France'"<br/>
Ellen L. O'Brien, University of Connecticut</p>
<p>c. "Social Archetypes and Lyric Structures"<br/>
Margaret R. Higonnet, University of Connecticut</p>
<h3>4. <i>Gothic/Romantic II: Hauntings</i>, Georgia West:</h3>
<p>Chair: Michael Gamer, University of Pennsylvania</p>
<p>a. "The Greater Romantic Lyric and 'the Manner of Mrs. Radcliffe'"<br/>
Michael Gamer, University of Pennsylvania</p>
<p>b. "The Fake Gothic Ghost and Its Haunting of Romanticism"<br/>
Jerrold E. Hogle, University of Arizona</p>
<p>c. "'If You Would But Open your Eyes': Seeing through Gothic Mystery in the Stories of Maria Edgeworth"<br/>
Susan Essman, University of Pennsylvania</p>
<p class="c8">11:30-1:00 Lunch<br/>
Luncheon Meeting for the ACR Board, President's Room</p>
<h2>Third Session: 1:00-2:30</h2>
<h3>1. <i>Romantic Architectures</i>, Athena I:</h3>
<p>Chair: Jennifer Bloomer, Iowa State University</p>
<p>a. "Spectral Details, Historical Ghosts, and Architectural Sightseeing in John Ruskin's <i>The Stones of Venice</i>"<br/>
Karen Burns, RMIT, Melbourne, Australia</p>
<p>b. "Moldering Dusts, Gloomy Shadows, and Faint Gleams: 'Mysterious Expectations' in the Basement"<br/>
Helene Furjan, Princeton University</p>
<p>c. "A Sea in the Center: Romantic Strains in Gottfried Semper's Villa Garbald"<br/>
Mikesch Muecke, Iowa State University</p>
<p>d. "Merely Scratching the Surface: Sgraffito, Dressings, and Posing Subjectivities"<br/>
Durham Craut, Universty of Pennsylvania</p>
<h3>2. <i>National Landscapes</i>, Athena II:</h3>
<p>Chair: John H. Jones, Jacksonville State University</p>
<p>a. "'Qu'il est beau d'avoir une patrie': Discourses of Nationalism in Rousseau's <i>Julie, ou la nouvelle H&#233;loise"</i><br/>
Leanne Maunu, Indiana University</p>
<p>b. "Face (of) the Nation: Wordsworth's and Constable's <i>Portraits</i> of 'Englishness'"<br/>
Christine Roth, University of Florida</p>
<p>c. "Topographies of Defiance in Selected Wordsworth Landscapes"<br/>
Ron Broglio, University of Florida</p>
<h3>3. <i>Margaret Fuller</i>, Georgia East:</h3>
<p>Chair: Katharine Rodier, Marshall University</p>
<p>a. "'Genius at home on earth': Transcendental and Democratic Impulses in Margaret Fuller's 'Lives of the Great Composers'"<br/>
Katharine Capshaw Smith, University of Connecticut</p>
<p>a. "Transatlantic Connections: Bettina Brentano von Arnim, Margaret Fuller, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Emily Dickinson"<br/>
Katharine Rodier, Marshall University</p>
<p>c. "Romanticism and Gender in Margaret Fuller's Pre-<i>Dial</i> Literary Reviews"<br/>
Lori A. Beste, University of Connecticut</p>
<h3>4. <i>Subverting Domestic Ideologies</i>, Georgia West:</h3>
<p>Chair: Emily Hipchen, University of Wisconsin, Whitewater</p>
<p>a. "The Creations of Character in Wollstonecraft's <i>Maria</i>"<br/>
Carol Manthey, Vanderbilt University</p>
<p>b. "'Noble Creature' or 'Wily Witch'?: Domestic Influence in Joanna Baillie's <i>The Family Legend</i>"<br/>
Christine A. Colon, University of California, Davis</p>
<p>c. "'Ruin'd'! The Interplay of <i>Ruin</i> and <i>Ruine</i> in Achim von Arnim's <i>Grafin Dolores, Isabella von Agypten</i> and <i>Die Majoratsherren</i>"<br/>
Crystal Mazur Ockenfuss, University of Virginia</p>
<h2><b>Fourth Session</b>: 2:45-4:15</h2>
<h3>1. <i>Byron</i>, Athena I:</h3>
<p>Chair: Dan Albergotti, Auburn University</p>
<p>a. "Undefaced Rogues, Rakes, and Libertines: The Construction of Byron's Dark Heroes and their Restoration Counterparts"<br/>
Christy A. Williams, Indiana State University</p>
<p>b. "The English Patient: Prescription and Proscription in Byron's Contemporary Reception"<br/>
David Janssen, University of Georgia</p>
<p>c."'The Time Is Out of Joint'--and So Am I': <i>Don Juan's</i> Play with Abysmal Time"<br/>
Claire May, University of South Alabama</p>
<h3>2. <i>Migrations of Musical Romanticism</i> Athena II:</h3>
<p>Chair: David Haas</p>
<p>a. "Shostakovich's Distant Dialogues with Romanticism"<br/>
David Haas, University of Georgia</p>
<p>b. "The Far-Flung Legacy of Chopin's <i>Nocturnes</i>"<br/>
Faye Kesler, Berry College</p>
<p>c. "This Dreadful Winnowing-Fan': Laurence Binyon, Edward Elgar, and a Romantic Rhetoric of War"<br/>
Alan Houtchens and Janis P. Stout, Texas A&amp;M University</p>
<h3>3. <i class="c9">Frankenstein</i>, Georgia East:</h3>
<p>Chair: Paula Feldman, University of South Carolina</p>
<p>a. "Ethics, Physiognomics, <i>Frankenstein</i>"<br/>
Scott J. Juengel, University of South Alabama</p>
<p>b. "'Who Killed Justine Moritz?' and other 'Whodunits': Mary Shelley's <i>Frankenstein</i> as Detective Fiction"<br/>
Kristine Byron, University of Connecticut</p>
<p>c. "Mary Shelley's Cautionary Narrative: <i>Frankenstein</i> as Therapy"<br/>
Matthew C. Brennan, Indiana State University</p>
<h3>4. <i>The Poetry of Natural Science</i>, Georgia West:</h3>
<p>Chair:</p>
<p>a. "The Deep Ecology of Coleridge's Ancient Mariner"<br/>
David Joplin, Black Hills State University</p>
<p>b. "The Code of the Mountains: Eighteenth-Century Geology and Ludwig Tieck's <i>Runenberg"</i><br/>
Heather I. Sullivan, Trinity University</p>
<p>c. "The 'Artless Nosegay': Polite Science, Feminine Poetics, and <i>Beachy Head</i>"<br/>
Donelle R. Ruwe, Fitchburg State College</p>
<h3>5. <i>Poetic Labors</i>, President's Room:</h3>
<p>Chair: Alyson Bardsley, College of Staten Island / CUNY</p>
<p>a. "The Imagination in the Literary Marketplace"<br/>
Kathleen O'Brien, Boston University</p>
<p>b. "Origin and Originality: Imagining the Bard in Mid-Eighteenth-Century Britain"<br/>
Melanie K. Hutsell, Indiana University</p>
<p>c. "Fin de Si&#232;cle Frontiers and the Corresponding Sand-Musset Epistolary Scandal"<br/>
Anne E. McCall, Tulane University</p>
<hr/>
<p class="c10">Plenary Session: University of Georgia Chapel, 4:30-6:00</p>
<p class="c11">"Romanticism and the Unconscious: Building a Mind"</p>
<p class="c11">Alan Richardson, Boston College</p>
<hr/>
<p class="c8">Banquet: Conservatory, State Botanical Garden of Georgia, 7:00-10:00 p.m.<br/>
(Busses leave Holiday Inn at 6:45 p.m.)</p>
<hr/>
<p class="c8">Registration, Holiday Inn Lobby: 8:00-12:00</p>
<p>Continental Breakfast, 7:30-10:00</p>
<h2 class="c7">First Session: 8:00-9:30</h2>
<h3>1. <i>Irony, Parody, Jokes</i>, Athena I:</h3>
<p>Chair: James Holt McGavran, University of North Carolina, Charlotte</p>
<p>a. "The Archi'text'ure of Romantic Irony: Diderot's Romantic Subversion of Scientific Observation and Literary Narration in <i>Jacques le Fataliste"</i><br/>
Cheryl A. Lambert, Brigham Young University</p>
<p>b. "Epic Parody and the Romantic Criticism of Jane Austen"<br/>
Nash Mayfield, Mercer University</p>
<p>c. "Finding the Jokes in Keats's Urn"<br/>
William Richey, University of South Carolina</p>
<h3>2. <i>Romantic Significations</i>, Athena II:</h3>
<p>Chair: Leanne Maunu, Indiana University</p>
<p>a. "Revolutionary Politics in Madame de Stael's <i>Delphine</i>: A Linguistic Battlefield"<br/>
Margaret E. Mitchell, University of Connecticut</p>
<p>b. "'How Much You Have Changed From What You Once Were': Rousseau's <i>Confessions</i> as Philosophical Autobiography"<br/>
Eugene Stelzig, SUNY Geneseo</p>
<p>c. "Helen Maria Williams's <i>Paul and Virginia</i> and the Experience of Mediated Alterity"<br/>
Anna Barker, University of Iowa</p>
<p>d. "The Gesture in Narrative, Art, and Theory: Diderot, Jean Paul, and Sterne in the Context of an Ongoing Debate between Verbalist and Visualists"<br/>
&#214;zlem &#214;g&#252;t, Purdue University</p>
<h3>3. <i>Romantic Educations</i>, Georgia East:</h3>
<p>Chair:</p>
<p>a. "The Emergence of Useful Knowledge from Mid-Eighteenth to Early Nineteenth-Century Britain"<br/>
Lauren Marsh, University of Minnesota</p>
<p>b. "The Romantic-Idealist University"<br/>
Timothy Clark, University of Durham, UK</p>
<p>c. "Wordsworth in the Victorian Schoolroom"<br/>
Karen Manarin, University of Alberta</p>
<h3>4. <i>Romanticism and Imperialism</i>, Georgia West:</h3>
<p>Chair: David Callahan, Universidad de Aveiro, Portugal</p>
<p>a. "Byron, Italy, and the Poetics of Liberal Imperialism"<br/>
Daryl S. Ogden, Georgia Institute of Technology</p>
<p>b. "<i>The Caraguin</i>: A Tale of Transatlantic Romanticism"<br/>
Joselyn M. Almeida, Boston College</p>
<p>c. "Theatrical Structures of Imperialism"<br/>
Marjean D. Purinton, Texas Tech University</p>
<h2>Second Session: 9:45-11:15</h2>
<h3>1. <i>Sister Arts</i>, Athena I:</h3>
<p>Chair: Beth Ann Neighbors, University of Georgia</p>
<p>a. "Intimations: Of Painting Death"<br/>
Didier Maleuve, University of California, Santa Barbara</p>
<p>b. "The Sister Arts: Representation and Aesthetic Experience in Theophile Gautier's <i>Mademoiselle de Maupin</i>"<br/>
Lena Udall, University of California at Los Angeles</p>
<h3>2. <i>Imagining Female Subjectivity</i>, Athena II:</h3>
<p>Chair: Guiyou Huang, Kutztown University</p>
<p>a. Sentimental Ethics and Corporeal Contingencies in George Sand's <i>Indiana</i>"<br/>
Mary Hanson Harrison, Northwestern University</p>
<p>b. "'Kingdom of Shadows': Intimations of Desire in Mary Shelley's <i>Mathilda</i>"<br/>
Diana Perez Edelman-Young, University of Georgia</p>
<p>c. "Self and Nature and the Female Romantics: Rosalia de Castro and Annette von Droste-Hulshoff"<br/>
Ingrid Martinez-Rico, Utah State University</p>
<h3>3. A New Europe? Sta&#235;l Dismantles Napoleon, Georgia East</h3>
<p>Chair: Karyna Szmurlo, Clemson University</p>
<p>a. "Writing the Nation: Germaine de Sta&#235;l"<br/>
Suzanne Guerlac, Emory University</p>
<p>b. "The Very Smell of its Soil: Bonaparte's Construct of Nation vs. Sta&#235;l's "<br/>
Madelyn Gutwirth, University of Pennsylvania</p>
<p>c. "The Napoleon Apocalypse: England, Russia, and Mme. de Sta&#235;l"<br/>
John Isabell, Indiana University</p>
<h3>4. <i>Gothic/Romantic III: Critiques</i>, Georgia West</h3>
<p>Chair: Adriana Craciun, Loyola University, Chicago</p>
<p>a. "The Jew in the Gothic: Maria Edgeworth's <i>Harrington</i>"<br/>
Judith Page, Millsaps College</p>
<p>b. "Blest be the gloom': Anne Bannerman's Gothic Critique of Truth"<br/>
Adriana Craciun, Loyola University, Chicago</p>
<p>c. "Gothic Bureaucracy"<br/>
Marc Redfield, Claremont Graduate School, CA</p>
<h3>5. <i>Belated Romantics</i>, Executive Room</h3>
<p>Chair: Roxanne Eberle, University of Georgia</p>
<p>a. "Nelly Dean: Emily Bront&#235;'s Subversive Hero"<br/>
Valerie Smith Matteson, University of Connecticut</p>
<p>b. "Gaskell's Oriental Other and the Recolonization of Cranford"<br/>
Jeffrey Cass, Texas A&amp;M International University</p>
<p>c. "My Ma(s)ter, My (M)Other: Burning Down the House in <i>Jane Eyre</i>"<br/>
Crystal Collis Landrum, Reinhart College</p>
<p>d. "Seamus Heaney's De-Romanticizing Vision of Poetry"<br/>
Yuichi Midzuanoe, Chiba University, Japan</p>
<p class="c8">Luncheon Meeting for the <span class="c13">Prism(s)</span> board, President's Room</p>
<h2 class="c7">Third Session: 1:00-2:30 p.m.</h2>
<h3>1. <i>Scotland</i>, Athena I:</h3>
<p>Chair: Suzanne Gilbert, University of Sterling, Scotland</p>
<p>a. "Mixed Heritage: Susan Ferrier's <i>The Inheritance</i> Revises Scott's <i>Guy Mannering"</i><br/>
Alyson Bardsley, College of Staten Island/CUNY</p>
<p>b. "Baillie's <i>Metrical Legends</i>: Monuments to Nationhood"<br/>
Nancy Moore Goslee, University of Tennessee</p>
<p>c. "<i>Waverley</i> and the Romantic Highland Warrior: The Male Exotic as National Ideal"<br/>
Kenneth McNeil, The Ohio State University</p>
<h3>2. <i>Money Matters: Collecting and Consumerism,</i> Athena II:</h3>
<p>Chair:</p>
<p>a. "Objects of Middle-Class Desire: Literary Annuals in England and America<br/>
Paula Feldman, University of South Carolina</p>
<p>b. "Accounting for Fanny: Reading Inventory Texts in <i>Mansfield Park</i> and <i>The Loiterer</i>"<br/>
Emily Hipchen, University of Wisconsin, Whitewater</p>
<p>c. "English Political Economy in <i>The Cenci</i>"<br/>
Hadley J. Mozer, Baylor University</p>
<p>d. "'And Thus Difficult ... is the Blameless Use of Riches!': Frances Burney's Cecilia as an Indulgent Consumer of Useless Commodities"<br/>
Beth Ann Neighbors, University of Georgia</p>
<h3>3. <i>Romantics Read the Renaissance</i>, Georgia East:</h3>
<p>Chair: Lance Wilder, University of Georgia</p>
<p>a. "Repainting Shakespeare's <i>The Tempest</i> in Gertrudis Gomez de Avellaneda's <i>Sab</i>"<br/>
Miguel A. Cabanas, University of Connecticut</p>
<p>b. "Mary and Charles Lamb's <i>Tales from Shakespeare</i>: Female Love and Reasonable Marriage in <i>A Midsummer Night's Dream, As You Like It,</i> and <i>The Merchant of Venice</i>"<br/>
Darlene Ciraulo, University of Georgia</p>
<p>c. "'Petrarch's Castle': Women Romantic Writers, Petrarch and the Gothic"<br/>
Donna L. Kimzey, Reinhardt College</p>
<h3>4. <i>Masculine Crises</i>, Georgia West:</h3>
<p>Chair: Chris Foss, Texas Christian University</p>
<p>a. "Masculinity Training: Molding the Male Subject in Austen's <i>The Watsons</i>"<br/>
Scott Simpkins, University of North Texas</p>
<p>b. "Melancholy Masculinities: Hawthorne's Narrator and a Few Good Americans?"<br/>
Sonja Streuber, University of California at Davis</p>
<p>c. "Same-Sex Tensions and Self-Banishment in Several Wordsworth Texts"<br/>
James Holt McGavran, University of North Carolina at Charlotte</p>
<h2 class="c7">Fourth Session: 2:45-4:15</h2>
<h3>1. <i>Victorian Readings of the Romantics</i>, Athena I:</h3>
<p>Chair: Henry H.H. Remak, Indiana University</p>
<p>a. "'Living in Art': Shelley, Tennyson, and the Structure of Poetic Responsibility"<br/>
Dan Albergotti, Auburn University</p>
<p>b. "LaMotte-Fouque, Manzoni, Byron, and the Victorian Domestic Novel: <i>The Heir of Redclyffe</i> Inherits Romanticism"<br/>
June Sturrock, Simon Fraser University</p>
<p>c. "Tennyson and the Spasmodics: A Vindication"<br/>
Priscilla June Glanville, University of South Florida</p>
<h3>2. <i>Coleridge</i>, Athena II:</h3>
<p>Chair: David Brauer, University of Georgia</p>
<p>a. "Coleridge, Consciousness, and Cognitive Psychology"<br/>
Beth Bradburn, Boston College</p>
<p>b. "Glowing Ardor and Cool Ferocity: Political Enthusiasm and Poetic Terror in 'Kubla Khan' and 'The Ancient Mariner'"<br/>
David S. Hogsette, New York Institute of Technology</p>
<p>c. "Standing at Mont Blanc: Coleridge and Midrash"<br/>
Lloyd Davies, Western Kentucky University</p>
<h3>3. <i>Building the Canon</i>, Georgia East:</h3>
<p>Chair: Karen Manarin, University of Alberta</p>
<p>a. "Thomas Carlyle and the Question of Literary History"<br/>
Claus Schatz-Jakobsen, Odense University</p>
<p>b. "Authorizing Diversity for the American Literary Canon: Some Thoughts from Coleridge"<br/>
Lou Caton, Auburn University</p>
<p>c. "The Critical Unconscious: Romantic Canonization and its Discontents"<br/>
Shannon Zimmerman, University of Georgia</p>
<h3>4. <i>Building National Culture and Other Wordsworthian Constructions</i>, Georgia West:</h3>
<p>Chair: Kenneth Johnston, Indiana University</p>
<p>a. "Wordsworth's 'Leveling' Muse in 1798"<br/>
James Heffernan, Dartmouth College</p>
<p>b. "The Politics of Compassion: 'The Cumberland Beggar' and '[The Discharged Soldier]'"<br/>
Yu Liu, Niagara County Community College</p>
<p>c. "The New Morality of "Lyrical Ballads"<br/>
Kenneth Johnston, Indiana University</p>
<h3>5. <i>Romantic Whitman</i>, President's Room:</h3>
<p>Chair: Sonja Struber, University of California, Davis</p>
<p>a. "'A queer, queer race, of novel fashion': Whitman and the Urban, Working-Class Sublime"<br/>
David Peterson, University of Georgia</p>
<p>b. "Self-Advertising as Poetic Strategy in <i>Leaves of Grass</i>"<br/>
Brady Earnhart, University of Virginia</p>
<p>c. "Balance, Moderation, Health: The Practice of Nature in Walt Whitman's <i>"</i>Specimen Days"<br/>
William H. Major, Indiana University</p>
<hr/>
<p class="c10">Plenary Panel Discussion, University of Georgia Chapel: 4:30-6:00</p>
<p class="c11">"Building Romanticism: 1953-1998"</p>
<p class="c11">Nelson Hilton, University of Georgia, moderator<br/>
M.H. Abrams, Cornell University<br/>
Anne Mellor, University of California at Los Angeles<br/>
Jerome McGann, University of Virginia</p>
<hr/>
<p><b>Concert: University of Georgia Chapel, 8:00</b> ARCO String Quartet</p>
<hr/>
<h2 class="c7">First Session: 8:00-9:30</h2>
<h3>1. <i>Blake</i>, Athena I:</h3>
<p>Chair: Nancy Moore Goslee, University of Tennessee</p>
<p>a. "Resonating Resins: Grounds for Sounding Blake's <i>Book of Urizen</i>"<br/>
Lisa Kozlowski, University of Georgia</p>
<p>b. "Addressivity and the Reader in the Building of <i>Jerusalem</i>"<br/>
John H. Jones, Jacksonville State University</p>
<h3><i>2. Gothic/Romantic IV: Stages and Spaces,</i> Athena II:</h3>
<p>Chair: Thomas Crochunis</p>
<p>a. "Writing Gothic Theatrical Spaces"<br/>
Thomas Crochunis, Somerville, MA</p>
<p>b. "'The Common Crowd But See the Gloom': Reading the Growing Giaour"<br/>
Erik Simpson, University of Pennsylvania</p>
<p>c. "Donjons, Ducats, and Daughters: The Popular Adaptation of Ivanhoe"<br/>
Thomas Lepri, University of Texas, Austin</p>
<h3><i>3. The Ruins of Poetry,</i> President's Room:</h3>
<p>Chair:</p>
<p>a. "Gustavo Adolfo Becquer and Poetic Architecture"<br/>
B. Brant Bynum, Converse College</p>
<p>b. "(De) Constructing 'the Poet's dream': The Castle and the Triumph of History in William Wordsworth's 'Elegiac Stanzas'"<br/>
David Brauer, University of Georgia</p>
<p>c. "Scott and the Ballad of 'Lamkin': Transgressing the Father's Castle Wa'"<br/>
Suzanne Gilbert, University of Sterling, Scotland</p>
<h3><i>4. Transatlantic Connections,</i> Corporate Room:</h3>
<p>Chair: Leslie Petty, University of Georgia</p>
<p>a. "Destructive Knowledge: Mary Shelley, Hawthorne, and the Gothic"<br/>
Kellie Donovan Wixson, Tufts University</p>
<p>b. "Out of Space, Out of Time: The <i>Inferno</i>'s Influences in Poe's 'Dream-Land'"<br/>
Casey Clabough, University of South Carolina</p>
<p>c. "Bringing the 'One Life' into the Twentieth Century: Robert Penn Warren and the Romantic Tradition"<br/>
Lesa Carnes Corrigan, University of Alabama</p>
<h2 class="c7">Second Session: 9:45-11:15</h2>
<h3>1. <i>Intimations of Mortality</i>, Athena I:</h3>
<p>Chair:</p>
<p>a. "'Death is in the world': Byron and Mortality"<br/>
Sandra M. Saunders, Western Carolina University</p>
<p>b. "Intimations of Mortality: William Wordsworth's Evolving Representations of Immortality, 1797-1807"<br/>
Mark Rollins, University of Georgia</p>
<p>c. "Reconstructing the World: The Loss of Innocence and the Struggle with Mortality"<br/>
Shawna Thorp, University of Nebraska</p>
<h3>2. <i>The Wordsworthian Child</i>, Athena II:</h3>
<p>Chair:</p>
<p>a. "'The Most Unnatural Crime': Infanticide, Revolution and Narration in Wordsworth's Poetry"<br/>
Ann Wierda Rowland, Yale University</p>
<p>b. "The Wordsworth-Child in <i>The Prelude</i>: Remembering 'Days Disowned by Memory'"<br/>
Lance Wilder, University of Georgia</p>
<p>c. "Paternalism and the Death of the Patriarch in Wordsworth's and Constable's Landscapes"<br/>
Elizabeth Rackley, Emory University</p>
<h3>3. <i>Women and the Wilderness</i>,President's Room:</h3>
<p>Chair: Carol Manthey, Vanderbilt University</p>
<p>a. "Points of Departure: William Wordsworth and Charlotte Smith"<br/>
Judith Davis Miller, Sacred Heart University</p>
<p>b. "The Parlour Bird's Flight into Wilderness: The Changing Role of Women in Society and American Wilderness"<br/>
DeAnna Spurlin, State University of West Georgia</p>
<p>c. "Cultural Revolution of the Familiar and the Female Vagrant: The Texture of Wordsworth's 'Nature'"<br/>
Yi Zheng, Max Planck Institute, Berlin</p>
<h3>4. <i>Anna Jameson and the End(s) of Romanticism</i>, Corporate Room:</h3>
<p>Chair: Christy Desmet, University of Georgia</p>
<p>a. "Not so Ennuye: Anna Jameson's Diary and the Limits of Romantic Feminine Melancholy"<br/>
Tricia Lootens, University of Georgia</p>
<p>b. "Rape and the Romanticization of Shakespeare's Miranda"<br/>
Jessica Slights, McGill University</p>
<p>c. "Nation and Domicile: Pictures, Women, and Picturesque Tourism in Anna Jameson's 'House of Titian'"<br/>
Laurie Kane Lew, Center for the Study of Women, UCLA<br/>
<br/>
<br/></p>
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<blockquote>
<hr/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/acr.html">ACR Annual Conventions - Main Page</a><br/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a><br/></blockquote>
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<p class="c14"><!--end of the breadcrumb trail--> <!--beginning of fine print and footer-->
<!--end fine print and footer--></p></div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31537">Scholarly Resources</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Resource:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/katherine-montweiler" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Katherine Montweiler</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/maria-lovell-edgeworth" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Maria Lovell Edgeworth</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/nelson-hilton-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nelson Hilton</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/elizabeth-l-colledge" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Elizabeth L. Colledge</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/nicole-reynolds" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nicole Reynolds</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/kristine-byron" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Kristine Byron</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/david-callahan" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">David Callahan</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/charlotte-smith-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Charlotte Smith</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/margaret-fuller" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Margaret Fuller</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/lucy-poems" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Lucy Poems</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/jane-austen" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jane Austen</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/colleen-donovan" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Colleen Donovan</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/william-wordsworth-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Wordsworth</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft-shelley-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/anne-williams-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Anne Williams</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/julie-straight" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Julie Straight</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/james-w-scannell" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">James W. Scannell</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/bettina-von-arnim" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Bettina von Arnim</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-city-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">City:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/venice" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Venice</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/melbourne" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Melbourne</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ohio" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ohio</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/indiana" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Indiana</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/louisiana" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Louisiana</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/south-carolina" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">South Carolina</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">California</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/arizona" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Arizona</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/alberta" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Alberta</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/texas" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Texas</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/wisconsin" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Wisconsin</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/pennsylvania" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Pennsylvania</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/iowa" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Iowa</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/virginia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Virginia</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/alabama" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Alabama</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/new-york" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">New York</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/connecticut" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Connecticut</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/georgia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Georgia</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/maryland" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Maryland</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/florida" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Florida</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/north-carolina" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">North Carolina</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-country-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Country:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/scotland" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Scotland</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/country/italy" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Italy</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/france" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">France</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/country/australia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Australia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/portugal" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Portugal</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-continent-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Continent:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/continent/america" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">America</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-naturalfeature-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">NaturalFeature:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/natural-feature/chapel-hill" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Chapel Hill</a></li></ul></section>Fri, 04 May 2012 19:59:11 +0000rc-admin23059 at http://www.rc.umd.eduAmerican Conference on Romanticism 1996 Conference Programhttp://www.rc.umd.edu/reference/misc/confarchive/acr96.html
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<h2>American Conference on Romanticism<br/>
Annual Meetings, 1994-1998</h2>
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<div class="c4">Note: The formatting of the following program follows the original. We have made only minor changes throughout, correcting obvious errors and making some listings more uniform to facilitate electronic searching.</div>
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<h2>American Conference on Romanticism</h2>
<h2>Third Annual Meeting</h2>
<h3>Park City, Utah (3-5 October 1996)</h3>
<hr width="50%"/>
<h2>Conference Organizer:</h2>
<p>Larry H. Peer<br/>
Brigham Young University</p>
</div>
<hr/>
<div class="c1">
<h2>AMERICAN CONFERENCE ON ROMANTICISM PROGRAM</h2>
</div>
<hr/>
<h2>THURSDAY (3 OCTOBER 1996)</h2>
<hr/>
<h3>3-5 pm</h3>
<p>Registration</p>
<h3>5:30 pm</h3>
<div class="c1">
<p class="c6">Welcome</p>
<p class="c6">Jean-Pierre Barricelli (California, Riverside)</p>
<p class="c6">President, American Conference on Romanticism</p>
<p class="c6">Followed by a Reception</p>
</div>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3>6:30 pm</h3>
<div class="c1">
<p class="c6">Plenary Session</p>
<p class="c6">Chair: Larry H. Peer (BYU)</p>
<p class="c7">JEAN PIERRE BARRICELLI (CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE)</p>
<p class="c7">"ROMANTIC SATANISM AND THE ARTS"</p>
</div>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>8:30-10 pm: Session I</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>I<i>: Romanticism, Translation, and Canon Formation</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Henry H.H. Remak (Indiana)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Neil Arditi (Virginia), "Shelley's <i>Adonais</i> and the Politics of Canon Formation"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Katalin Kalm&#225;r-Abbott (BYU), "The Wandering Witness: Modes of Groundlessness in Arany's</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span><i>A hamis tanu</i>"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Michael S. Macovski (Fordham), "Romantic Translation Theory: Byron's Writing of the Armenians"</span></p>
<hr/>
<h2 class="c9"><span>FRIDAY (4 OCTOBER 1996)</span></h2>
<hr/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>8-Noon</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>Registration</span></p>
<h3 class="c8"><span>8-9 am</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>Continental Breakfast</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>9-10:30 am: Sessions II and III</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>II: <i>Views From Romantic Irony and Parody</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Terryl L. Givens (Richmond)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>John M. Bury (Tulsa), "Sense, Sounds, Silence and Savages: Elizabeth Inchbald and Romantic Irony"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>William Davis (Colorado College), "The Return of the Material: Goethe, Novallis, Schelling"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Nicholas Rennie (Yale), "Envisioning the Moment: The <i>sch&#246;ner Augenblick</i> as Parody"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>III: <i>Romanticism and Music</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Katherine Kolb (Minnesota)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Franca R. Barricelli (Winsconsin, Oshkosh), "Romanticism, the Risorgimiento, and Music: The Failure of the <i>Conciliatore</i>"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Katherine Kolb (Minnesota), "Romanticism and the Modernist Music Aesthetic"</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>11-12:30 pm: Sessions IV, V, and VI</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>IV: <i>Perspectives on Romanticism and Aesthetics</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Lotte Thrane (Copenhagen)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Andrew Franta (Johns Hopkins), "Keats and the Review Aesthetic"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Anca Mitroi (Southern California), "Apollinaire and Art Criticism"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Lotte Thrane (Copenhagen), "Read, Written, and Relived: Magda von Hattinberg's Readings of Rilke as Romantic Discourse"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>V: <i>Cases of Romantic Influence and Relations</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Cheryl Lambert (BYU)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Thomas Pace (Louisville), "Going Against the Grain: Charlotte Smith's Influence on the Poetry of William Wordsworth"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Alison Hickey (Wellesley), "Coleridge, Southey, 'and Co.': Collaboration and Authority"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>VI: <i>Romanticism and Idealisms</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Michael J. Call (BYU)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Jan Mieszkowski (Johns Hopkins), "Symbolic Language and the Freedom of Theory"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Chris Kearns (Indiana), "An Ethics of Disfiguration: The Reader's Role in Walter Benjamin's Romantic Reflection"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Claus Schatz-Jakobsen (Odense), "Wordsworth, Hartman, and the Critical Subcontext of Romantic Poetry</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<p class="c6"><span>12:30 Box Lunch Pickup</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>12:45-1:45</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span class="c10">MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CONFERENCE ON ROMANTICISM ADVISORY BOARD</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>2-3:30: Sessions VII, VIII and IX</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>VII: <i>Genre Intersections in Romanticism</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Katalin Kalam&#225;r-Abbott (BYU)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Elizabeth Elam Roth (Southwest Texas State), "Aesthetics of the Balletic <i>Unheimlich</i>-Uncanny in Hoffman's <i>The Nutcracker and the Mouse King</i> and <i>The Sandman</i>"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Irena Nikolova (Western Ontario), "Hybrid Genres in German Romantic Aesthetics"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Francisco LaRubia-Prado (Georgetown), "Symbolic Consciousness and Allegorical Insight in Becquer's <i>Rimas</i>"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>VIII: <i>Romanticism and the Study of Sexuality</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Scott Simpkins (North Texas)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Hal Gladfelder (Stanford), "Bright Eyes: Queer Longings in <i>Christabel</i> and the <i>Ancient Mariner</i>"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Scott Simpkins (North Texas), "Gender Swapping in Shelley's <i>The Last Man</i>"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Pratima Prasad (Pennsylvania), "Liminal Sex, Liminal Text: Romantic Androgyny"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>IX: <i>Romanticism and Feminism</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Diane Long Hoeveler (Marquette)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Helynne H. Hansen (Western State), "Two Generations of Feminist Romanticism: The Legacy of Madame de Sta&#235;l to Hortense Allart"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Melissa Sites (Maryland), "Romanticism and Domesticity in Shelley's <i>Valperga</i> and <i>Lodore</i>"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Linda Lang-Peralta (UNLV), "The Woman Writer and the Female Exile"</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>4-5:30 pm: Sessions X and XI</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>X: <i>New Views of Romantic Discourse</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Fred V. Randel (California, San Diego)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Lloyd Davies (Western Kentucky), "Contemporary Covenantal Theory and Romantic Hebraism in Hamann and Coleridge"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Karen Hadley (Louisville), "'Back to the Future'?: The Narrative of Allegory in Critical Accounts of Romanticism"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Eugene Stelzig (SUNY, Geneseo), "Affirming 'The Happy Few': European Romanticism and the Aristocracy of Consciousness"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>XI: <i>New Views of Romantic Desire</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Ilona Klein (BYU)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Geraldine Friedman (Purdue), "Schooling National Fantasy: Melancholy and Desire in the Construction of Great Britain"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Ranita Chatterjee (Utah), "Transformations of Desire: Godwin, Shelley, and the Constructed Mother"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Terryl Givens (Richmond), "Romantic Agonies: Human Suffering and the Ethical Sublime"</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>6:30 pm</span></h3>
<div class="c1">
<p class="c6"><span class="c11">Plenary Session</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span class="c11">Chair: Larry H. Peer (BYU)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span class="c12">MARGARET R. HIGONNET (CONNECTICUT)<br/>
"ROMANTIC DEBATES OVER SUICIDE"</span></p>
</div>
<hr/>
<h2 class="c9"><span>SATURDAY (5 OCTOBER 1996)</span></h2>
<hr/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>8-9 am</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>Continental Breakfast</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>9-10:30 am: Sessions XII, XIII and XIV</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>XII<i>: Romanticism and Nationality I</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Scott Sprenger (BYU)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Sibylle Maria Fischer (Duke), "Producing 'Literature': A Case from Nineteenth-Century Spanish America"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Maria Consuelo Cunha Campos (Rio de Janeiro), "Romanticism and the Formation of Nationality: A Comparative Approach"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Gerhart Hoffmeister (California, Santa Barbara), "The Problem of Nationalism and Cultural Identity in the Age of Goethe: Dialectics of National and Global Views in Herder, A.W. Schlegel, and Goethe"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>XIII: <i>The Urban and The Romantic</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: William Crisman (Penn State, Altoona)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Mark Hansen (Southwest Texas State), "The Technological Uncanny: Keats and the Industrial Revolution"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Megan Becker-Leckrone (California, Irivine), "Making a Stump Speech Out of it"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>William Crisman (Penn State, Altoona), "Theories of Voyeurism and De Quincey's Autobiographical Writings"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>XIV: <i>A Potpourri of Romantic Topoi</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Fred Randel (California, San Diego)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Didier Maleuvre (California, Santa Barbara), "Homelessness and the Aesthetics of Misplacement: The Romantic Museum"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>David L. Mosley (Goshen), "The Wanderer as Topic and Trope in Early Nineteenth-Century German Culture"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Fred V. Randel (California, San Diego), "Coleridge's 'Hymn Before Sunrise' and the Discourses of Mountains"</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>11 am-12:30: Sessions XV, XVI, and XVII</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>XV: <i>Romanticism and Nationality II</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Gerhart Hoffmeister (California, Santa Barbara)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Russell Moore (Illinois), "Ernest Renan and the Text of French National Identity and Consciousness"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Steve Newman (Johns Hopkins) " 'A Bondage Sweetly Brook'd: Colonial History, the Idea of Sequence, and the Balland in William Wordsworth's <i>Poems Written During a Tour of Scotland</i>"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Nancy Moore Goslee (Tennessee), "Rebellion, Sovereignty, and Nationalism in the William Wallace Theme"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>XVI: <i>Romanticism and Psychoanalitic Views</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Diane Long Hoeveler (Marquette)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Chris Foss (Viterbo), "Prefigurations of Kristevan Psychoanalitic Theory in Shelley's Prose"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Gaura Shankar Narayan (Columbia), "Psychoanalysis, Narrative and a Story Untold in Keats's 'La Belle Dame Sans Merci'"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Diane Long Hoeveler (Marquette), "The Uneasy Dreams of Ann Radcliffe"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>XVII: <i>Social Science Views of Romanticism</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Michael J. Call (BYU)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Debbie Lee (Arizona), "Monsters and Cannibals: Frankenstein and the Antrhopology of Slavery"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Rodney Farnsworth (Indiana/Purdue, Fort Wayne), "Romantic Thought as Complex Adaptive System: A Case Where Complexity Theory Might Apply"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Michael J. Call (BYU), "Reading Madness: Gericault's <i>Portraits of the Insane</i>"</span></p>
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<h3 class="c8"><span>12:30 pm</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>Box Lunch Pickup</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Summit Hallway</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>12:45-1:45 pm</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span class="c13">MEETING OF THE EDITORIAL BOARD OF PRISM(S)</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>2-3:30: Sessions XVIII, XIX, and XX</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>XVIII: <i>Romanticism and Levinas</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Franca R. Barricelli (Wisconsin, Oshkosh)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Robert Jones (California, Riverside), "The Sublime Other: Persecution, Transcendence and Anonymity in Shelley's <i>Prometheus Unbound</i>"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Jack Jacobs (Auburn), "Teaching 'Saying' by Annihilating 'Said': Connections Among Coleridge, Blake and Levinas"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>James Stanger (California, Riverside), "William Blake Represents the Other"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>XIX<i>: Romanticism and Postmodernity</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Marjean D. Purinton (Texas Tech)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Vivaldo M. Ferreira (Brandeis), "Mallarm&#233; and Ritual"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Piotr Parlej (Russel Sage), "Romanticism and Postmodernity: The Case of Friederich Schlegel"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Marjean D. Purinton (Texas Tech), "Conceptually Defined Romanticism: Jeanette Winterson's <i>The Passion</i> as a Romantic Novel"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>XX<i>: Romanticism and Education</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Ilona Klein (BYU)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Anna Barker (Iowa), "Charlotte Smith's Conversations Introducing Poetry: From Nature Through Nurture to Cultural Challenge"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Patricia Lee (Colorado), "As Nature Teaches: Wordsworthian Education as a Relinquishing of the Self"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Daren Hodson (Augustana), "Literature and Fichte's Educational Program"</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>4-5:30 pm: Sessions XXI, XXII, and XXIII</span></h3>
<p class="c6"><span>XXI: <i>Romantic Dialogism</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: John Pipkin (Saint Louis)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>John Pipkin (Saint Louis), "Keats, Derrida, Tighe and the Perlocutionary Speech Act in 'Sonnet to Sleep'"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Scott Sprenger (BYU), "Balzac on Painting: Realist or Romantic"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Anna Engle (Emory), "Utopias of Unity, Distopias of Fragmentation: Imagining the Subject in Kant's <i>Kritik der Urteilskraft</i>, Novalis' <i>Heinrich von Ofterdingen</i>, and Kleist's <i>Prinz Friedrich von Homburg</i>"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>XXII<i>: Romanticism in/of/as Historical Shift</i></span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Cheryl A. Lambert (BYU)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Cheryl A. Lambert (BYU), "'Protection from or Projection of the Self': Scientific and Romantic Responses to Enlightenment Epistemology"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Yi Zheng (Pittsburgh), "Beginnings: The Anxieties of Modernity and the Mutilated Wardrobe of Interitance&#8211;Burke's Historical Aestheticism"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Bridget A. Rousell (Oklahoma), "Robespierre's Rhetoric and Revolution: common Ground of Romanticism and Reason"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>&#160;</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>XXIII: Romantic Theater and Its Connections</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Moderator: Jan Wilson (McMaster)</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Amy M. Muse (Auburn), "Gothic Terror and Catharsis: Coleridge's <i>Remorse</i> and the Presentation of Consciousness"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Sara Cox (Washington, St. Louis), "Reading in Translation: Mori Ogai's Translations of Heinrich von Kleist and the Role of Romanticism in Meiji Japan"</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span>Jean Wilson (McMaster), "Romanticism, Rape, and Comic Irresolution in Kleist</span></p>
<hr width="70%"/>
<h3 class="c8"><span>6:30 pm</span></h3>
<div class="c1">
<p class="c6"><span class="c11">Conference Banquet</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span class="c11">Recognition of American Conference on Romanticism Book Award Recipient</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span class="c11">Report on Past Activities and Plans for the Coming Year</span></p>
<p class="c6"><span class="c11">Membership and Treasury Report</span></p>
</div>
<hr width="70%"/>
<p class="c6"><span class="c11">The American Conference on Romanticism gratefully acknowledges the support of the Brigham Young University College of Humanities, Office of Honors and General Education, David M. Kennedy Center for International Studies, and Departments of Humanities, Classics, and Comparative Literature.</span></p>
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<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/acr.html">ACR Annual Conventions - Main Page</a><br/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a><br/></blockquote>
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<!--end fine print and footer--></p></div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31537">Scholarly Resources</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Resource:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/charlotte-smith-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Charlotte Smith</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/henry-hh-remak" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Henry H.H. 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Call</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-city-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">City:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/tulsa" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Tulsa</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/santa-barbara" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Santa Barbara</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/louisville" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Louisville</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/bury" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Bury</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/copenhagen" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Copenhagen</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/san-diego" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">San Diego</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/texas" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Texas</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/kentucky" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Kentucky</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/virginia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Virginia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/maryland" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Maryland</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/indiana" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Indiana</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/southern-california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Southern California</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/connecticut" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Connecticut</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/utah" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Utah</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/pennsylvania" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Pennsylvania</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">California</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/colorado" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Colorado</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ontario" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ontario</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-country-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Country:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/great-britain" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Great Britain</a></li></ul></section>Fri, 04 May 2012 19:59:08 +0000rc-admin23058 at http://www.rc.umd.eduAmerican Conference on Romanticism 1995 Conference Programhttp://www.rc.umd.edu/reference/misc/confarchive/acr95.html
<div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><!--Couldn't selectively extract content, Imported Full Body :( May need to used a more carefully tuned import template.-->
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<h2>American Conference on Romanticism<br/>
Annual Meetings, 1994-1998</h2>
</div>
<div class="c4">Note: The formatting of the following program follows the original. We have made only minor changes throughout, correcting obvious errors and making some listings more uniform to facilitate electronic searching.</div>
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<div class="c1">
<p>2nd Annual Meeting</p>
<h2>Marquette University September 21-24, 1995</h2>
<h3>Conference Organizer: Diane Long Hoeveler</h3>
</div>
<hr/>
<h2>Thursday, September 21, 1995</h2>
<hr/>
<p><b>3:00 - 5:00:</b> Registration</p>
<hr/>
<b>3:30 - 5:00:</b>
<div class="c1"><span class="c6">Welcome:</span>
<p class="c7">Jean-Pierre Barricelli,<br/>
University of California-Riverside<br/>
President of ACR</p>
<p class="c8">PANEL DISCUSSION:</p>
<p class="c7">"Future Directions in Romantic Inquiry"</p>
<p class="c8">Panelists:</p>
<p class="c7">Stephen Behrendt, University of Nebraska<br/>
Julie Ellison, University of Michigan<br/>
Gene Ruoff, University of Illinois-Chicago</p>
<p class="c8">Moderator:</p>
<p class="c7">Diane Long Hoeveler, Marquette University</p>
</div>
<hr/>
<b>6:30 - 7:30: Cudahy 001:</b>
<div class="c1"><span class="c9"><b>Welcome:</b> Dean Thomas Hachey,<br/>
College of Arts and Sciences,<br/>
Marquette University</span>
<p class="c8">THURSDAY KEYNOTE ADDRESS:</p>
<p class="c7">Julie Ellison, University of Michigan,<br/>
"From Comparison to Culture"</p>
<p class="c10">Reception following address in the Haggerty Museum</p>
</div>
<hr/>
<h2>Friday, September 22, 1995</h2>
<hr/>
<h3>8:30 - 10:00: SESSIONS 1 - 5</h3>
<p class="c10">Session 1: Ballroom A: Blake I</p>
<p>Julie Rak, McMaster University<br/>
"The Eye of Resistance: Power/Genealogy in <span class="c11">The Marriage of Heaven and Hell</span>"<br/>
Maia Boswell, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill<br/>
"The War between the S/Words: Gender and Exteriority in <span class="c11">The Marriage of Heaven and Hell</span>"<br/>
Laura Lovasz, Indiana University<br/>
"Illustrating the Bible in the Age of Revolution"<br/>
William Van Pelt, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee<br/>
"Blake, Nietzsche, and the Rhetoric of Nihilism"</p>
<p>Moderator: James Stanger, University of California-Riverside</p>
<p class="c10">Session 2: Ballroom B: Schlegel</p>
<p>Hans Hendrik Wielgosz and Anne-Kathrin Wielgosz, Walsh State University<br/>
"Ruins of Romanticism"<br/>
Anna Barker, University of Iowa<br/>
"Romantic Fragmentation: The Genre of the Absolute"<br/>
Matthew Hartman, Johns Hopkins University<br/>
"The Political Imperative: F. Schlegel on Kant"<br/>
Jan Mieszkowski, Johns Hopkins University<br/>
"But what if art isn't supposed to be interesting?: On 'das Interesse' and 'das Interessante' in Schlegel and Kleist"</p>
<p>Moderator: Henry H. H. Remak, Indiana University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 3: Ballroom C: Women Writers I</p>
<p>Frances R. Botkin, University of Illinois-Chicago<br/>
"A Community of Women in Maria Edgeworth's <span class="c11">Helen, A Tale</span>"<br/>
Jamie Stanesa, Iowa State University<br/>
"Augusta Evans' <span class="c11">Beulah</span> and the Limits of Romantic Individualism"<br/>
Sharon M. Setzer, North Carolina State University<br/>
"Mary Robinson's <span class="c11">Walsingham</span> and the Contingencies of Sexual Masquerade"<br/>
Cheryl Reitan, University of Minnesota-Duluth<br/>
"'Would a brighter morrow ever come?': Utopia and Fern's <span class="c11">Ruth Hall</span>"</p>
<p>Moderator: Dan Albergotti, University of Alabama<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 4: Ballroom D: Romantic Rhetorics I</p>
<p>Kate Ronald, University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Hephzibah Roskelly, University of North Carolina-Greensboro<br/>
"Reclaiming Romantic Rhetoric"<br/>
Frank Hubbard, Marquette University<br/>
"The Romantic Origins of Rhetorical Theories"<br/>
Emily Wicktor, St. Cloud State University<br/>
"Dark Romanticism: Poe's Reactionary Rhetoric in the Nineteenth-Century American Romantic and Transcendental Movements"</p>
<p>Moderator: Laurence Porter, Michigan State University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 5: Ballroom E: Revising Romanticism: The Long Romantic Century</p>
<p>Mark Ledden, Emory University<br/>
"Thoughts Towards a Long Romanticism, 1750-1850"<br/>
Charles Mahoney, University of Connecticut<br/>
"Following Hazlitt"<br/>
Lissa Holloway-Attaway, Georgia Tech<br/>
"From Revolution to Romanticism, Independence to Identity: William Bartram's Constitutional Journey"</p>
<p>Moderator: Mary Favret, Indiana University, response<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>10:15 - 11:45: SESSIONS 6 - 10</h3>
<p class="c10">Session 6: Ballroom A: Percy Shelley</p>
<p>Robert M. Corbett, University of Washington<br/>
"Echoes of Sacrifice: Violence and <span class="c11">The Cenci</span>"<br/>
Leslie J. Robinson, Indiana University<br/>
"Beatrice Cenci Off and On Stage"<br/>
Daniel Mozes, CUNY-Graduate Center<br/>
"Shelley's Dramatic Skepticism: <span class="c11">The Cenci</span> versus <span class="c11">Fazio</span>"<br/>
Marc Redfield, Claremont Graduate School<br/>
"Shelley and the Poetics of Radical Loss"</p>
<p>Moderator: David Baulch, University of Washington<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 7: Ballroom B: Comparative Romanticisms I</p>
<p>Rita M. Brown, Saint Louis University<br/>
"'More Poison in Your Nature Than in Mine': Keats's <span class="c11">Lamia</span> and Hawthorne's 'Rappaccini's Daughter'"<br/>
Debbie Lopez, University of Texas-San Antonio<br/>
"'Ungraspable Phantoms': Keats's Lamia and Melville's Yillah"<br/>
Karen Karbiener, Columbia University<br/>
"The Unexpress'd: Walt Whitman's Late Thoughts on Richard Wagner"<br/>
Kara Scambray, San Francisco State University<br/>
"Catching the Hedgehog: German Romanticism in Poe's Epigraphs"</p>
<p>Moderator: Chad L. Edgar, New York University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 8: Ballroom C: Jane Austen</p>
<p>Nicole Reynolds, University of Georgia<br/>
"'Her Passion for Ancient Edifices': <span class="c11">Northanger Abbey</span> and the Architecture of the Gaze"<br/>
Caroline Eisner, George Washington University<br/>
"Austen's Refracted Voice: The Discourse of Romantic Women in <span class="c11">Lady Susan</span>"<br/>
Colin Jager, University of Michigan<br/>
"Wishing for Nothing in Jane Austen's <span class="c11">Emma</span>"<br/>
Lisa Plummer Crafton, West Georgia College<br/>
"'I begin to think it perfectly reasonable': Wollstonecraft, Austen, and Romanticism"</p>
<p>Moderator: Karen Hadley, University of Louisville<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 9: Ballroom D: Goethe</p>
<p>Bertina Loeffler, University of California-San Diego<br/>
"Dreaming (of) Italy: Constructed Desire and Goethe's <span class="c11">Italienische Reise</span>"<br/>
Eberhard Lehnardt, Utah Valley State College<br/>
"Goethe's <span class="c11">Faust</span> and Romanticism: Passion and Reason versus Divine Love"<br/>
Edwin Block, Marquette University<br/>
"Goethe and Romantic Figuration in Some Late Romantic Texts"</p>
<p>Moderator: Margaret Higonnet, Bunting Institute-Harvard University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 10: Ballroom E: Nationalism I</p>
<p>Matthew Conner, University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign<br/>
"The Self and the Group: Romantic Representations of the Union Army in Civil War Literature"<br/>
Robert C. Hale, Louisiana State University<br/>
"Revolution and the Low-Down Folks: A Comparison of <span class="c11">Lyrical Ballads</span> and <span class="c11">Fine Clothes to the Jew</span>"<br/>
Steven Zani, SUNY-Binghamton<br/>
"'Braining him on the spot': The Establishment of Ethical and Metaphysical Oppression in Cooper's <span class="c11">The Deerslayer</span>"<br/>
Clark Davis, Northeast Louisiana University<br/>
"Mutual Trust and the Friendly Loan: Melville and English Romanticism"</p>
<p>Moderator: Ala M. Alryyes, Harvard University<br/></p>
<hr/>
12:00 - 1:00: AMU 252: Executive Board members Luncheon Meeting
<hr/>
<h3>1:00 - 2:30: SESSIONS 11 - 15</h3>
<p class="c10">Session 11: Ballroom A: Wordsworth and Philosophy</p>
<p>Philip Leider, University of California-Irvine<br/>
"Resisting 'the Usury of Time': Rousseau and Wordsworth on Education"<br/>
David D. Joplin, University of Denver<br/>
"Coleridge's Philosophy of Creative Perception in Wordsworth's 'Tintern Abbey' and <span class="c11">The Two-Part Prelude</span>"<br/>
Karen Hadley, University of Louisville<br/>
"'Who knows the individual hour?': Wordsworthian Consciousness and the Modern Moment"<br/>
Ross Hamilton, Johns Hopkins University<br/>
"Great Danes and 'Numerous Accidents in Flood or Field': Writing Accidents in Rousseau and Wordsworth"</p>
<p>Moderator: Robert C. Hale, Louisiana State University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 12: Ballroom B: New Historicist Approaches</p>
<p>Sheila Minn Hwang, University of California-Santa Barbara<br/>
"Nomenclature and Historical Determination in Scott's <span class="c11">Waverley; Or, 'Tis Sixty Years Since</span>"<br/>
Toby R. Benis, Columbia University<br/>
"Literary Ladies, Gambling Gentlemen and the Circulation of Representation"<br/>
Brian Freeman, Harvard University<br/>
"Piracy and Ideology: Byron and Scott's Literary Dialogue in <span class="c11">The Corsair</span> and <span class="c11">The Pirate</span>"<br/>
Arnold Schmidt, California State University-Stanislaus<br/>
"Politics, Identity, and Literary Piracy in Lord Byron's <span class="c11">The Island</span>"</p>
<p>Moderator: James Soderholm, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 13: Ballroom C: Keats and Figuration</p>
<p>Zachary Sng, Brown University<br/>
"Sense, Reference and the Romantic Metaphor"<br/>
Jacklyn R. Pierce, Saint Louis University<br/>
"The Poet's Song: The Role of the Poet and the Construction of Self in Keats and Yeats"<br/>
Cramer R. Cauthen, University of Louisville<br/>
"'Intrigue with the Specious Chaos': <span class="c11">Lamia</span>, Irigaray, and the Female Subject"<br/>
William Crisman, Penn State University-Altoona<br/>
"'Fathoming Space in Every Way' from Keats's <span class="c11">Eve of St. Agnes</span> to the Hyperion Poems"</p>
<p>Moderator: Greg Kucich, University of Notre Dame<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 14: Ballroom D: Comparative Romanticisms II</p>
<p>Sarah Davies Cordova, Marquette University<br/>
"A Dancer's Obituary: Gautier's Response to Victor Hugo's <span class="c11">Les Djinns</span>?"<br/>
Robert Prescott, Bradley University<br/>
"Niccolo Paganini: Byronic Hero and Romantic Icon"<br/>
Byron K. Brown, Valdosta State University<br/>
"'To Make Men National and Religious Once More': Lockhart's Anti-Classicism, 1817-1824"<br/>
Elizabeth Duquette, NYU<br/>
"Cant--that being a Scotch Name, and Still to be Found in Scotland"</p>
<p>Moderator: Karen Karbiener, Columbia University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 15: Ballroom E: Felicia Hemans</p>
<p>Michael T. Williamson, Rutgers University<br/>
"'But When Did Fame Take Heed / Of Griefs Obscure as These': Gender and Intertextuality in Hemans's Elegiac Poetry"<br/>
Donelle R. Ruwe, University of Notre Dame<br/>
"Felicia Hemans and Torquato Tasso's Sister"<br/>
Chad L. Edgar, New York University<br/>
"Staging an Incursion: Felicia Hemans's Theatrical Debut in <span class="c11">Vespers of Palermo</span>"<br/>
Dan Albergotti, University of Alabama<br/>
"Byron, Hemans, and the Gender Politics of Critical Reception"</p>
<p>Moderator: Nanora Sweet, University of Missouri-St. Louis<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>2:45 - 4:15: SESSIONS 16 - 20</h3>
<p class="c10">Session 16: Ballroom A: Romantic Narrative</p>
<p>Melissa Schaub, UW-Madison<br/>
"Romantic Politics and Narrative: Wordsworth's 'Simon Lee'"<br/>
David S. Hogsette, Ohio State University<br/>
"Coleridge's Poetic Taboo: Narratives of Dis-Ease and Rhetorics of Containment in the Nineteenth- Century Reviews of <span class="c11">Christabel</span>"<br/>
Robert Jones, University of California-Riverside<br/>
"'Long Resounding Strong Heroic Verse': <span class="c11">The Four Zoas</span> as Epic"<br/>
Joseph W. Sora, St. John's University<br/>
"Cross-Continental Philosophic and Applied Understandings of Romantic Didacticism"</p>
<p>Moderator: Maia Boswell, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 17: Editing New Romantic Anthologies</p>
<p>Anne K. Mellor, UCLA<br/>
"Recontextualizing Romanticism in History: <span class="c11">British Literature 1780-1830</span>, eds., Richard Matlak and Anne Mellor (1996)"<br/>
Gene Ruoff, University of Illinois-Chicago<br/>
"On Editing Critical Essays for the Kroeber-Ruoff Anthology"<br/>
Margaret Higonnet, Bunting Institute-Harvard University<br/>
"'The Worthiest Poets Have Remained Uncrowned': An Anthology of Nineteenth-Century British Women Poets"</p>
<p>Moderator: Stephen Behrendt, University of Nebraska<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 18: Ballroom C: Dorothy Wordsworth</p>
<p>Ellen Argyros, University of Wisconsin-Fox Valley<br/>
"Imagery of Ambivalence: Cottages and Prisons in Six Poems by Dorothy Wordsworth"<br/>
Jeffrey Loo, Camden County College<br/>
"Dorothy Wordsworth's 'To my Niece Dora' (DCMS 122), an Unpublished Variant, as a Response to William Wordsworth"<br/>
Anna Leahy, Ohio University<br/>
"'Yet Still A Lurking Wish Prevails': Dorothy Wordsworth, Romanticism, and Feminist Consciousness"<br/>
John G. Pipkin, Rice University<br/>
"The Material Sublime: Transcendence, Suppression, and Gender in British Romantic Poetry"</p>
<p>Moderator: Sarah Zimmerman, University of Wisconsin-Madison<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 19: Ballroom D: Romantic Ideologies I</p>
<p>Joseph Bizup, Indiana University<br/>
"Romanticism and the Ideology of the Factory System"<br/>
Franca R. Barricelli, University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh<br/>
"Romanticism and Political Change in Venice: The Early Theatre of Ugo Foscolo<br/>
Ala M. Alryyes, Harvard University<br/>
"The Romantic Poles and the Social Contract: The Nation and the Child in Locke and Rousseau"<br/>
Mark B. N. Hansen, Southwest Texas State University<br/>
"Kleist's <span class="c11">Die Marquise von O--</span> and the Becoming-Woman/Becoming-Technological of the Kantian Subject"</p>
<p>Moderator: Mike Wiley, New York University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 20: Ballroom E: Keats and Gender</p>
<p>Mary E. Finn, University of Alabama<br/>
"A Basil Plant for Isabella: Rot vs. Romance"<br/>
Heather Jakob, West Virginia University<br/>
"Poetic Inspiration or Seized Power? The Sapphist and Keats's Portrayal of the Female"<br/>
Gaura Shankar Narayan, Columbia University<br/>
"Gender and Poetic Inheritance in Keats's Odes"<br/>
Jonna Froelich, Marquette University<br/>
"The Knight's Demise: The Feminine/Masculine Dichotomy in 'La Belle Dame Sans Merci'"</p>
<p>Moderator: Michael D. Moore, Wilfrid Laurier University<br/></p>
<hr/>
<b>4:30 - 5:00: Ballrooms C &amp; D:</b>
<div class="c1"><span class="c6">MUSICAL INTERLUDE</span>
<p class="c7">Performance by Susan M. Levin,<br/>
Professor of Humanities,<br/>
Stevens Institute of Technology:</p>
<p class="c7">"Songs by Romantic Women Composers"</p>
</div>
<hr/>
<b>6:30 - 7:30: Ballroom E:</b>
<div class="c1"><span class="c6">FRIDAY KEYNOTE ADDRESS</span>
<p class="c7">Stephen C. Behrendt,<br/>
George Holmes Distinguished Professor of English,<br/>
University of Nebraska,</p>
<p class="c7">"Trading in the Old Model:<br/>
Shopping for a New Romanticism"</p>
</div>
<hr/>
<h2>Saturday, September 23, 1995</h2>
<hr/>
<h3>8:30 - 10:00: SESSIONS 21 - 25</h3>
<p class="c10">Session 21: Ballroom A: The Brontes and Romantic Narrative</p>
<p>Jacqueline Dello Russo, University of California-Davis<br/>
"Tipp(l)ing the Balance of the Romantic Hero: Writing Romantic Excess in <span class="c11">The Tenant of Wildfell Hall</span>"<br/>
Stephen Bernstein, University of Michigan-Flint<br/>
"Bronte, Dante, and the Romantic Scene of Reading in <span class="c11">Wuthering Heights</span>"<br/>
Katharine Capshaw Smith, University of Connecticut<br/>
"Charlotte Bronte's <span class="c11">Shirley</span> and Romantic Revision"<br/>
Lise Busk-Jensen, University of Copenhagen<br/>
"The <span class="c11">Bildungsroman</span> as Genre in Women's Literary History in the Romantic Period"</p>
<p>Moderator: Larry Peer, Brigham Young University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 22: Ballroom B: Comparative Romanticisms III</p>
<p>Heather Sullivan, Trinity University<br/>
"The Postponed Narratives of Desire in Ludwig Tieck's Novel <span class="c11">Franz Sternbalds Wanderungen</span>"<br/>
Laurence M. Porter, Michigan State University<br/>
"<span class="c11">Sta viator</span>: The Grave in Romantic Poetry"<br/>
Michael J. Call, Brigham Young University<br/>
"Atala's Body: Girodet and the Representation of Chateaubriand's Romanticism"<br/>
G. Timothy Gordon, Southwest Texas State University<br/>
"'Delight in My Last Fall'--Transience in/Transcendence over 'The Dark Earth': Rilke's <span class="c11">Duino Elegies</span>, Roethke's <span class="c11">North American Sequence</span>"</p>
<p>Moderator: Randall L. Beebe, Eastern Illinois University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 23: Ballroom C: Byron</p>
<p>Jason P. Harris, University of Louisville<br/>
"Dionysian Humanism in Byron's <span class="c11">Manfred</span>"<br/>
Christy A. Porter, Indiana State University<br/>
"Individualism in <span class="c11">Don Juan</span>: Byron's Hybrid Style and the Formation of the Modern Sense of the Individual"<br/>
James Soderholm, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee<br/>
"Byron, Wordsworth, and 'Pride of Place'"<br/>
Jonathan Gross, DePaul University<br/>
"Lady Melbourne, Lord Byron and the Story of Joseph"</p>
<p>Moderator: Arnold Schmidt, California State University-Stanislaus<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 24: Ballroom D: Romantic Influences</p>
<p>Alison Hickey, Wellesley College<br/>
"Double Bonds: The Lambs, Coleridge, and Collaborative Authorship"<br/>
Jill A. Schreiber, West Virginia University<br/>
"The Ravage of Nature, the Silence of the Lamb: Gender Politics in Romanticism"<br/>
William Richey, University of South Carolina<br/>
"Wordsworth and the Poetry of the Recent Past"<br/>
Marty Slaughter, Vanderbilt University<br/>
"'War is hell': Byron's <span class="c11">Don Juan</span> VII-VIII as Dantesque Descent"</p>
<p>Moderator: Fred V. Randel, University of California-San Diego<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 25: Ballroom E: Orientalism I</p>
<p>Nanora Sweet, UM-St. Louis<br/>
"The Orientalist Frontier and its Romantic Unraveling"<br/>
Brian Goldberg, Indiana University<br/>
"'Where Black Gates were Shut Against Sunrise Evermore': India and the Architecture of Images in <span class="c11">Lamia</span> and <span class="c11">The Fall of Hyperion</span>"<br/>
Emily Haddad, Harvard University<br/>
"Oriental Nature: The Aesthetics of the Unnatural in English and French Romanticism"<br/>
Barbara Lekatsas, Hofstra University<br/>
"Greece in Romanticism; Romanticism in Greece"</p>
<p>Moderator: Mary E. Finn, University of Alabama<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>10:15 - 11:45: SESSIONS 26 - 30</h3>
<p class="c10">Session 26: Ballroom A: Keats and Bicentennial Ruminations</p>
<p>Ken Bugajski, Marquette University<br/>
"A Reputation Writ in Water: Keats and the Variance of Critical Response"<br/>
Greg Kucich, University of Notre Dame<br/>
"Keats in Transition: The Bicentennial and its Provocations"<br/>
Steven L. Jones, Loyola University<br/>
"Keats as (self-)Satirizing Della Cruscan"<br/>
Brennan O'Donnell, Loyola College<br/>
"The Sage of Mickle Lore, Yclept Typographus: Keats, British Romantic Poetry and the Culture of Print"</p>
<p>Moderator: Christofer C. Foss, University of Wisconsin-Madison<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 27: Ballroom B: Blake II</p>
<p>Ryan Lankford, Georgia Institute of Technology<br/>
"The Rhizomic Romantic: Defiance in Blake's Variable Text"<br/>
David M. Baulch, University of Washington<br/>
"'The Sublime of the Bible': Blake's <span class="c11">Milton</span> as Aesthetic Revisioning of Milton's Christian Epic"<br/>
James Stanger, University of California-Riverside<br/>
"Between a Discourse and a Hermeneutic of the Body: Blake and Joanna Southcott's Supplement of Reading"<br/>
Sally Corran, University of Tennessee-Knoxville<br/>
"In Their Dreams: The Visions of Blake and Byron"</p>
<p>Moderator: William Van Pelt, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 28: Ballroom C: Romantic Psychologies</p>
<p>Judith Harris, George Washington University<br/>
"'The Brain is Wider than the Sky': Emily Dickinson's Self-Correcting Imagination"<br/>
Christina M. Pages, University of South Carolina<br/>
"Emerson and Thoreau: Matter and Mind of Transcendentalism"<br/>
Ellen O'Brien, University of Connecticut<br/>
"Spatializing the Mind: Brain Imagery and the Theatre of Consciousness in Keats's <span class="c11">Fall of Hyperion</span>"</p>
<p>Moderator: Nicole Reynolds, University of Georgia<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 29: Comparative Romanticisms IV</p>
<p>Andrew R. Ziarnik, University of Illinois-U-C<br/>
"Close Encounters of the 'Other' Kind: E.T.A. Hoffmann's Innovative Use of the Wandering Motif in <span class="c11">Die Elixiere des Teufels</span>"<br/>
Anke Finger, Brandeis University<br/>
"Romantic Nationalists or Nationalist Romantics?: Cultural Ideologies in the Music Criticism of E.T.A. Hoffmann and W. H. Fry"<br/>
Paola Mayer, University of British Columbia<br/>
"The Self-Disrupting Subject: The Destabilizing Function of the Literary Uncanny"<br/>
Amanda Holmes, University of Oregon<br/>
"The Influence of German Romanticism on Fernan Caballero's <span class="c11">La gaviota</span>, the First Spanish Novel of Customs</p>
<p>Moderator: Kurt Fosso, Lewis and Clark College<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 30: Ballroom E: Romantic Economies</p>
<p>Mervyn Nicholson, University College-Kamloops, British Columbia, "Malthus, Freud, and Apocalyptic Language"<br/>
Andrew Franta, Johns Hopkins University<br/>
"The Enlightened Reader: Historicizing Genre in <span class="c11">Caleb Williams</span>"<br/>
Neville F. Newman, McMaster University<br/>
"'The Whole Child': De Quincey, Bell and School Government"</p>
<p>Moderator: Sheila Minn Hwang, University of California-Santa Barbara<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>1:00 - 2:30: SESSIONS 31 - 35</h3>
<p class="c10">Session 31: Ballroom A: Ethics and Romanticism</p>
<p>Betsy Bolton, Swarthmore College<br/>
"Defeating the Enemy, Passion: Joanna Baillie's Moral Drama"<br/>
Kevis Bea Goodman, Yale University<br/>
"The Task of Telling: Conversation and Communal Mourning"<br/>
R. Clifton Spargo, Marquette University<br/>
"Begging Questions of Responsibility in Wordsworth's Poetry"<br/>
William Jewett, Yale University<br/>
"Be Thou Me"</p>
<p>Moderator: Michael T. Williamson, Rutgers University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 32: Ballroom B: Comparative Romanticisms V</p>
<p>Bianca Theisen, Johns Hopkins University<br/>
"Incessant Inversions: The Temporalization of History in German Romanticism"<br/>
Warren Johnson, University of Alabama<br/>
"<span class="c11">Carmen</span> and Exotic Nationalism"<br/>
William Major, Indiana University<br/>
"Romancing Pathology: Anatole Broyard's <span class="c11">Intoxicated by My Illness</span>"<br/>
Anne D. Steiner, Central State University<br/>
"<span class="c11">Sula</span> and the Blakean Law of Contraries"</p>
<p>Moderator: Brennan O'Donnell, Loyola College<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 33: Ballroom C: Romanticism and the Visual</p>
<p>Matthew C. Brennan, Indiana State University<br/>
"Wordsworth and Portraiture: 'Visible Quest of Immortality'?"<br/>
Elizabeth Ann Neighbors, University of Georgia<br/>
"Painting Words: The Representations of Fact and Thought in the Work of William Wordsworth and John Constable"<br/>
Troy Holaday, Ball State University<br/>
"Romantic Expression Defined in the Critical Communication of Coleridge and Allston, American Romantic Painter"<br/>
Melissa Valiska Gregory, Indiana University<br/>
"The Riveted Eye: Visual Representations of Slave Bodies in John Stedman's Surinam"</p>
<p>Moderator: Jeffrey Loo, Camden County College<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 34: Ballroom D: Romantic Ideologies II</p>
<p>Rebecca DeNeve, Florida State University<br/>
"Four Romantic Scientists: White, Darwin, Davy, and Somerville"<br/>
Eric Gidal, University of Michigan<br/>
"West, Haydon, and the Ideologies of Ekphrasis"<br/>
Claudia Trew, Florida State University<br/>
"Fordyce, Wollstonecraft, and Austen: Female Education, a Locus of Male Desire"<br/>
Gwynne Durham, Yale University<br/>
"Redeeming the Common Day: Wordsworth, Spenser, and the Labor of Return"</p>
<p>Moderator: Sharon M. Setzer, North Carolina State University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 35: Ballroom E: Nationalism II</p>
<p>Jonathan Steinwand, Concordia College<br/>
"The Aesthetic Imperative: Translating the French Revolution into German and English (Romanticisms)"<br/>
Ann T. Gardiner, New York University<br/>
"Coppet and the Invention of Nationality"<br/>
Kathleen E. Ricker, Loyola University, "Matthew Arnold and the Celtic Sublime"<br/>
Nancy Weston, St. Cloud State University<br/>
"The Artistic Affirmation of Growing National Pride: Daniel Maclise Depicts Ireland and the Irish"</p>
<p>Moderator: Lisa Plummer Crafton, West Georgia College<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>2:45 - 4:15: SESSIONS 36 - 40</h3>
<p class="c10">Session 36: Ballroom A: The Gothic</p>
<p>Julie Shaffer, Illinois State University<br/>
"The Limits of Female Power: Imagining Queens and Female Visionaries"<br/>
Diane Long Hoeveler, Marquette University<br/>
"Professionalizing Gender: The Female Gothic, Beating Fantasies, and the Civilizing Process"<br/>
Kathleen O'Brien, University of Oregon<br/>
"From Terror to Horror, From Surveillance to Subversion: Domestic Ideology in the Female Gothic"</p>
<p>Moderator: Donelle R. Ruwe, University of Notre Dame<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 37: Ballroom B: Relational Knowledge of Self and World</p>
<p>Linda Hanson, Ball State University<br/>
"Wordsworth's Intuited and Intuitive Audience"<br/>
Brad Sullivan, Ball State University<br/>
"Wordsworthian Model of Knowing, Speaking and Acting"<br/>
Rebecca Wheeler, Ball State University<br/>
"Seeing through the Journey to the Self in the Travel Writing of Mary Wollstonecraft and Dorothy Wordsworth"</p>
<p>Moderator: David Endicott, Ball State University, response<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 38: Ballroom C: Wordsworth and Coleridge</p>
<p>Lloyd Davies, Western Kentucky University<br/>
"Native Language or Foreign Rhetoric: Friederika Brun and Coleridge in the Vale of Chamouni"<br/>
Brent Stevens, University of South Carolina<br/>
"Coleridge's Flawed Compass: The Marginal Gloss to <span class="c11">The Rime of the Ancient Mariner</span>"<br/>
Fred V. Randel, University of California-San Diego<br/>
"The 1798 Origins of Wordsworth's Poetics of the Cave"<br/>
Kurt Fosso, Lewis and Clark College<br/>
"Genre and Politics in Wordsworth's <span class="c11">Salisbury Plain</span>"</p>
<p>Moderator: Ramona M. Silver, California Institute of Integral Studies<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 39: Ballroom D: Comparative Romanticisms VI</p>
<p>Grace Anne Morsberger, University of California-Berkeley<br/>
"Beauty and the Beast: The Androgynous Demon in Lermontov and Pushkin"<br/>
David L. Gehrenbeck, Brown University<br/>
"Romantic Revolution: The 1825 Decembrist Revolt in Russia"<br/>
Richard Kaplan, UCLA<br/>
"Romantic and Realist Rubble: The Foundation for a New National Literature in Melville's <span class="c11">Pierre</span> and Dostoevsky's <span class="c11">Poor Folk</span>"<br/>
Larry Peer, Brigham Young University<br/>
"Pushkin's Use of the Term 'Romantizm'"</p>
<p>Moderator: Paola Mayer, University of British Columbia<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 40: Ballroom E: Orientalism II</p>
<p>Naji B. Oueijan, Notre Dame University-Lebanon<br/>
"Orientalism: The Romantics' Added Dimension"<br/>
Katherine Holderbaum, University of Southern California<br/>
"George Sand's <span class="c11">Indiana</span> as Romantic Orientalism"<br/>
Peter Christensen, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee<br/>
"William Beckford's Newly Published Oriental Tales: Fulfilled Love under the Eye of Providence"<br/>
Paul Kei Matsuda, Purdue University<br/>
"The Wanderer Theme in Matsuo Basho: An Eastern Perspective on the Romantic Wanderer and Wandering"</p>
<p>Moderator: Sarah Davies Cordova, Marquette University<br/></p>
<hr/>
<b>4:30 - 5:00: Ballrooms C &amp; D:</b>
<div class="c1">
<p class="c8">MUSICAL INTERLUDE</p>
<p class="c7">Performance by Dr. Joan Metelli, soprano,<br/>
Ball State University:<br/>
"Romantic Vocal Music from France, Germany,<br/>
England, Spain, and Italy"</p>
</div>
<hr/>
<b>6:00 - 7:00: Ballrooms C &amp; D:</b>
<div class="c1"><span class="c6">SATURDAY KEYNOTE ADDRESS</span>
<p class="c7">Anne K. Mellor, UCLA</p>
<p class="c7">"Mary 'Perdita' Robinson, or Who Gets to Tell<br/>
the Story of 'Romantic' Female Sexuality?".</p>
</div>
<hr/>
<b>7:00: Ballrooms A, B, &amp; E:</b>
<div class="c12">AMERICAN<br/>
CONFERENCE<br/>
ON<br/>
ROMANTICISM<br/>
BANQUET</div>
<hr/>
<h2>Sunday, September 24, 1995</h2>
<hr/>
<h3>8:30 - 10:00: SESSIONS 41 - 45</h3>
<p class="c10">Session 41: Ballroom A: Romantic Rhetorics II</p>
<p>Kristi Yager, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee<br/>
"The Anxiety of Influence: How Expressivism Uses and Abuses the Rhetoric of Nineteenth- Century Romanticism"<br/>
Elizabeth Dorn, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee<br/>
"Expressing Heritage: Academic Writing According to Charles Lamb's Romantic Metaphor of Meaning"<br/>
Laura Micciche, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee<br/>
"Dorothy Wordsworth, Feminist Expressivists, and Conditions of Neglect"</p>
<p>Moderator: Katharine Capshaw Smith, University of Connecticut<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 42: Ballroom B: The Heritage of Romanticism</p>
<p>David Foster, Drake University<br/>
"Oscar Wilde, Insincerity, and the Construction of Identity"<br/>
Michael D. Moore, Wilfrid Laurier University<br/>
"Romantic Nature: Hopkins, Barthes, and Genre Formation"<br/>
Nikita Nankov, Indiana University<br/>
"The Holistic Dream: Umberto Eco on the Author of the Open/Closed Work"<br/>
Michael A. Schwartz, Brandeis University<br/>
"From Shelley to Joyce: The Devolution of Modern Identity"</p>
<p>Moderator: William Brewer, Appalachian State University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 43: Ballroom C: Comparative Romanticisms VII</p>
<p>James Donelan, Yale University<br/>
"Hoelderlin and Shelley: The Consequences of Poetic Philosophy"<br/>
Christofer C. Foss, University of Wisconsin-Madison<br/>
"Shelley, Jameson, and the Dialectic of Utopia and Ideology"<br/>
Jennie Wang, University of Northern Iowa<br/>
"Romantic Love as Interrogative Power in Faulkner's <span class="c11">Go Down, Moses</span>"<br/>
William Musgrave, University of California-Berkeley<br/>
"Burke's 'Custom,' Bourdie's 'Habitus,' and the French 'Monster of a Constitution'"</p>
<p>Moderator: George Justice, Marquette University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 44: Ballroom D: Romantic Sexualities</p>
<p>Julie Costello, University of Notre Dame<br/>
"Mad, Bad and Murderous Mothers: Romantic Infanticides and the Threat of Alterity"<br/>
Ashley Cross, Benedictine College<br/>
"'Of Female Softness': Bared Breasts, Nursing Fathers, and Natural Signs"<br/>
Margaret Breen, Hartwick College<br/>
"Lesbian Whiteness in Coleridge's <span class="c11">Christabel</span>"</p>
<p>Moderator: Toby R. Benis, Columbia University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 45: Ballroom E: Romanticism and Gender</p>
<p>Jill Ehnenn Angelino, George Washington University<br/>
"Writing Against, Writing Through: Subjectivity, Vocation and Authorship in the Work of Dorothy Wordsworth"<br/>
Sarah Zimmerman, University of Wisconsin-Madison<br/>
"Dorothy Wordsworth and the Ethics of Romantic Lyricism"<br/>
Randi Patterson, University of Waterloo<br/>
"(Re)Producing Poetry's Generic Body: Williams, Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Barbauld"</p>
<p>Moderator: Cramer R. Cauthen, University of Louisville<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>10:15 - 11:45: SESSIONS 46 - 50</h3>
<p class="c10">Session 46: Ballroom A: Romanticism and Historical Contexts</p>
<p>Randall L. Beebe, Eastern Illinois University<br/>
"The Aftermath of War: The Politics of Hope and Nationalism in Shelley's <span class="c11">Laon and Cythna</span>"<br/>
Mike Wiley, New York University<br/>
"Wordsworth's Unmapping of England"<br/>
Yi Zheng, University of Pittsburgh<br/>
"Romanticism of the Familiar and Female Vagrancy"<br/>
Josh Gidding, College of the Holy Cross<br/>
"Wordsworth's Difficulty and the New Historicism: A Dissenting View on the Imagination of History"</p>
<p>Moderator: Julie Costello, University of Notre Dame<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 47: Ballroom B: Women Writers II</p>
<p>William D. Brewer, Appalachian State University, "Charlotte Smith and Capitalism"<br/>
Kari Lokke, University of California-Davis<br/>
"Charlotte Smith and the Politics of Transcendence"<br/>
Kristen A. Hoffman, Marquette University<br/>
"Joanna Baillie and the Female Complaint"<br/>
Daniel Riess, University of Virginia<br/>
"Prophet of Loss: Letitia Landon and the Collapse of Romanticism"</p>
<p>Moderator: Devoney Looser, Indiana State University<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 48: Ballroom C: Frankenstein</p>
<p>Marjean D. Purinton, Texas Tech University<br/>
"The Stage, the Family, and Science: The Comparative Romantic Mythmaking of <span class="c11">Frankenstein</span>"<br/>
Heather Hewett, University of Wisconsin-Madison<br/>
"<span class="c11">Frankenstein</span>, Travel Literature, and the Gaze: The Anthropology of Mary Shelley"<br/>
A.J. Caschetta, New York<br/>
"Visual and Literary Gothic; or, What Hollywood Did to <span class="c11">Frankenstein</span>"<br/>
Ramona M. Silver, California Institute of Integral Studies, "<span class="c11">Frankenstein</span> and the Romantic Consciousness: A Philosophical and Literary Evolution"</p>
<p>Moderator: Robert Jones, University of California-Riverside<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 49: Ballroom D: Comparative Romanticisms VIII</p>
<p>Jeannine Johnson, Yale University<br/>
"Defense of Poetry in Prose and Verse: Shelley and Keats"<br/>
Margaret Reid, Marquette University<br/>
"Remembering the Revolution: Competing Rhetorics in Early Romanticism"<br/>
Seth Sondag, Marquette University<br/>
"The Mythology of the Victim: Shelley's <span class="c11">Prometheus Unbound</span> and the Archetypal Suffering Poet"</p>
<p>Moderator: Debbie Lopez, University of Texas-San Antonio<br/></p>
<p class="c10">Session 50: Ballroom E: Reading De Quincey Reading</p>
<p>Victoria Chevalier, Cornell University<br/>
"Opium-eater and Cigar Makers: Prosaic Subjects and Sublime Community in De Quincey and James Weldon Johnson"<br/>
Emily Jenkins, Columbia University<br/>
"Execution: Murder and Writing in Thomas De Quincey"<br/>
Daniel O'Quinn, University of Guelph<br/>
"Hearing the Herd in Herder"<br/>
Adam Schnitzer, Cornell University<br/>
"'The Sublimest Ascent': Death and the Breast in Wordsworth and De Quincey</p>
<p>Moderator: Charles Mahoney, University of Connecticut<br/></p>
<hr/>
<div class="c13">The American Conference on Romanticism acknowledges the financial support of:</div>
<div class="c13">Marquette University Graduate School<br/>
Marquette University Office of Academic Affairs<br/>
Marquette University College of Arts and Sciences<br/>
Marquette University Department of English<br/>
Marquette University Women's Studies Program<br/>
John Pick Memorial Fund<br/></div>
<br/>
<br/>
<br/></td>
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<blockquote>
<hr/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/acr.html">ACR Annual Conventions - Main Page</a><br/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a><br/></blockquote>
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<!--end fine print and footer--></p></div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31537">Scholarly Resources</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Resource:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/frances-r-botkin" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Frances R. Botkin</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/margaret-higonnet" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Margaret Higonnet</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/arnold-schmidt" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Arnold Schmidt</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/james-soderholm" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">James Soderholm</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/sheila-hwang" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Sheila Hwang</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/maia-boswell" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Maia Boswell</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/dorothy-wordsworth-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Dorothy Wordsworth</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/felicia-dorothea-hemans" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Felicia Dorothea Hemans</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/maria-lovell-edgeworth" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Maria Lovell Edgeworth</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/michael-d-moore" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michael D. Moore</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/hans-hendrik-wielgosz" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Hans Hendrik Wielgosz</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/lissa-holloway-attaway" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Lissa Holloway-Attaway</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/nicole-reynolds" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nicole Reynolds</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/dan-albergotti" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Dan Albergotti</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/robert-jones" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Robert Jones</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/james-stanger" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">James Stanger</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/anna-barker" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Anna Barker</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/greg-kucich" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Greg Kucich</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/charles-mahoney" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Charles Mahoney</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/anne-k-mellor-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Anne K. Mellor</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/william-van-pelt" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Van Pelt</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/donelle-r-ruwe-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Donelle R. Ruwe</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/cheryl-reitan" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Cheryl Reitan</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/jane-austen" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jane Austen</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/sarah-zimmerman-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Sarah Zimmerman</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/debbie-lopez" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Debbie Lopez</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/augusta-evans" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Augusta Evans</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft-shelley-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/kate-ronald" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Kate Ronald</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-city-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">City:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/santa-barbara" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Santa Barbara</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/greensboro" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Greensboro</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/lincoln" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Lincoln</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/san-diego" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">San Diego</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ohio" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ohio</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/indiana" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Indiana</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/louisiana" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Louisiana</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/british-columbia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">British Columbia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/south-carolina" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">South Carolina</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">California</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/texas" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Texas</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/wisconsin" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Wisconsin</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/illinois" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Illinois</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/iowa" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Iowa</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/nebraska" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nebraska</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/alabama" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Alabama</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/new-york" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">New York</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/connecticut" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Connecticut</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/michigan" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michigan</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/missouri" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Missouri</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/georgia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Georgia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/north-carolina" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">North Carolina</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-country-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Country:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/scotland" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Scotland</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/country/italy" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Italy</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/india" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">India</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/country/chad" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Chad</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/greece" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Greece</a></li></ul></section>Fri, 04 May 2012 19:59:05 +0000rc-admin23057 at http://www.rc.umd.eduAmerican Conference on Romanticism 1994 Conference Programhttp://www.rc.umd.edu/reference/misc/confarchive/acr94.html
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<h2>American Conference on Romanticism<br/>
Annual Meetings, 1994-1998</h2>
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<div class="c4">Note: The formatting of the following program follows the original. We have made only minor changes throughout, correcting obvious errors and making some listings more uniform to facilitate electronic searching.</div>
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<h2>American Conference on Romanticism</h2>
<h3 class="c6">1st Annual Meeting</h3>
<h3>The Pennsylvania State University<br/>
University Park, Pennsylvania</h3>
<p>October 14-16, 1994</p>
<h4>The Penn State Scanticon Conference Center Hotel</h4>
<hr/>
<h3>Conference Organizer:</h3>
<p>Ray Fleming,<br/>
Pennsylvania State University</p>
</div>
<hr/>
<h2>Conference Program:</h2>
<hr/>
<h2>Friday, October 14, 1994</h2>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 8:30 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.</h3>
<p class="c8">SESSION 1<br/>
<span class="c7">The Culture of Romanticism</span></p>
<p><b>John Isbell,</b> Indiana University<br/>
"Romanticism's Creators Disown Their Progeny. 1800-1830"<br/>
<b>Yvonne Pelleier,</b> University of Toronto<br/>
"A Romantic Cartography of Mary Shelley's <i>Frankenstein</i>"<br/>
<b>Chad Edgar,</b> New York University<br/>
"Byron's Relation to Bourgeois Discourse in 'Hours of Idleness'"<br/>
<b>Daniel White,</b> University of Pennsylvania<br/>
"Hamlet and the Faces of Romantic Ideology"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 2<br/>
<span class="c7">Romanticism and the Representation of Women</span></p>
<p><b>Claire May,</b> University of South Alabama<br/>
"Violence and the Female Artist in <i>Lamia</i>"<br/>
<b>Daniel Burgoyne,</b> University of Washington<br/>
"Mary Wollstonecraft's <i>The Wrongs of Women:</i> Negotiating Judgment"<br/>
<b>Sarah Curchwell,</b> Princeton University<br/>
"The 'Problem' of Beatrice in <i>The Cenci</i>"<br/>
<b>Tacey Rosolowski,</b> University of Wisconsin (Madison)<br/>
"Spectacular Reciprocity and Gendered Self-Reflection in Friedrich Holderlin's <i>Hyperion</i>"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 3<br/>
<span class="c7">Romanticism and History</span></p>
<p><b>David Arnett,</b> Utah State University<br/>
"'[C]ode on a grecian Urn': Keats takes the Reader to Town and Makes History"<br/>
<b>Albert Sbragia,</b> University of Washington<br/>
"The Representation of Woman in the Italian Romantic Novel"<br/>
<b>Barbara Keller,</b> Capital University<br/>
"The Middle Ages as Metaphor and Ideological Construct in French Romanticism"<br/>
<b>Tony Beins,</b> Columbia University<br/>
"Supervising Homecoming in Maria Edgeworth's 'The Knapsack'"<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 10:10 a.m. to 11:40 a.m.</h3>
<p class="c8">SESSION 4<br/>
<span class="c7">Romanticism and Politics</span></p>
<p><b>Robert Ryan,</b> Rutgers University (Camden)<br/>
"Shelley's Apocalypse: Fatality and Redmption in <i>Hellas</i>"<br/>
<b>Robert Kaufman,</b> University of California (Berkeley)<br/>
"Legislators of the Post-Everything World: Shelley's <i>Defence</i> of Adorno"<br/>
<b>Michele Sharp,</b> State University of New York (Buffalo)<br/>
"Reading Revolution in Shelley's Dead Poets"<br/>
<b>Jay Ward,</b> Thiel College<br/>
"Tory and Radical: The Ideological Effects of Byron's Publishers"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 5<br/>
<span class="c7">The Silent Woman in Romanticism</span></p>
<p><b>Gregory Jones,</b> Vassar College<br/>
"What a crash was that!: Wordsworth's Loudest Lucy Poem"<br/>
<b>Nancy Fredricks,</b> University of Colorado (Boulder)<br/>
"On the Sublime and the Beautiful in Shelley's <i>Frankenstein</i>"<br/>
<b>Melinda Meek,</b> Louisiana State University<br/>
"The Struggle Between Byron's Narrator and the Women of the Seraglio in <i>Don Juan</i>"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 6<br/>
<span class="c7">Percy Shelley</span></p>
<p><b>Kim Wheatley,</b> College of William and Mary<br/>
"<i>Prometheus Unbound</i> and the Reformation of the Reviewers"<br/>
<b>Chris Foss,</b> University of Wisconsin (Madison)<br/>
"Writing/Love as Revolution: A Critical Articulation of Shelley and Cixous"<br/>
<b>James Silver,</b> Tulane University<br/>
"Materiality, the Sublime, and the Seduction of Death in <i>Queen Mab</i>"<br/>
<b>Shannon Zimmerman,</b> University of Georgia<br/>
"Ambivalence, De/sign, Erasure: Shelley's Irreconcilable Center"<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>11:40 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.</h3>
<span class="c9">LUNCH</span>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 1:00 p.m. to 2:30 p.m.</h3>
<p class="c8">SESSION 7<br/>
<span class="c7">Romantic Visual Representation and Gender</span></p>
<p><b>William Snyder,</b> Saint Vincent College<br/>
"Gendered Responses to the Sublime in Visual and Verbal Texts"<br/>
<b>Catherine Burroughs,</b> Cornell College<br/>
"Envisioning the Celeberity Memoir: British Women Theatre Artists"<br/>
<b>Susan Dihig,</b><br/>
"Gendered and Visual Projection in Wordsworth's 'Ruined Cottage'"<br/></p>
<p><b>Respondent: Cheryl Giuliano,</b> University of California (Los Angeles)<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 8<br/>
<span class="c7">Kleist</span></p>
<p><b>Elke Heckner,</b> Johns Hopkins University<br/>
"Mimetic Resistance and the Sexual Politics of Race: Kleist's <i>The Engagement in Santo Domingo</i>"<br/>
<b>Jan Mieszkowski,</b> Johns Hopkins University<br/>
"Romantic Character and Romantic History in <i>Prinz Friedrich von Homburg</i>"<br/>
<b>Anja Restenberger,</b> Penn State University<br/>
"Power, Victimization and the Construction of Reality in <i>Die Marquise von O</i>. . . and in <i>Die Verlobung in Santo Domingo</i>"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 9<br/>
<span class="c7">The Erotic in Romanticism</span></p>
<p><b>Ellen Whitmann,</b> Princeton University<br/>
"The Shelleys' <i>Daimon</i>"<br/>
<b>Eugene Stelzig,</b> State University of New York (Geneseo)<br/>
"Rousseau and the Romance of Reading"<br/>
<b>Crystal Ockenfuss,</b> University of Virginia<br/>
"Friedrich Schlegel's <i>Lucinde</i> and the Mechanics of the Erotic"<br/>
<b>Elizabeth Delinger,</b> New York University<br/>
"'Sweetness and fine expression': Woman's Voice and Desire in <i>The Italian</i>"</p>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 2:40 p.m. to 4:10 p.m.</h3>
<p class="c8">SESSION 10<br/>
<span class="c7">Romanticism and Race</span></p>
<p><b>Amanda Berry,</b> Duke University<br/>
"Blackness and the Romantic Sublime: Reading Edmund Burke and Mary Prince"<br/>
<b>Robert Burkholder,</b> Penn State University<br/>
"Emerson and the Question of Race"<br/>
<b>Janine Dallall,</b> Harvard University<br/>
"The European Other of American Romanticism: Genealogies of the American Self"<br/>
<b>Lauren Henry,</b> New York University<br/>
"What Phillis Wheatley Taught Blake's 'Little Black Boy'"</p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 11<br/>
<span class="c7">Romantic Orientalism</span></p>
<p><b>Claire Grogan,</b> Queen's University<br/>
"Problems of Race, Gender, and Class in Elizabeth Hamilton's <i>Translation of the Letters of a Hindoo Rajah</i>"<br/>
<b>Donna Ferrantello,</b> Berry College<br/>
"Mediation and the Orient: The Universal Yello-Lotus in <i>Moby Dick</i>"<br/>
<b>Dorothy Figuera,</b> University of Illinois (Urbana)<br/>
"Race and Romantic Mythography"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 12<br/>
<span class="c7">German Romanticism</span></p>
<p><b>Uta Schaub,</b> University of Toledo<br/>
"Romanticism and the Modernism Debate"<br/>
<b>Jacquline LeBlanc,</b> University of Massachusetts<br/>
"The Dialectic of From: The Frankfurt School's Romantic Aesthetic"<br/>
<b>Hayes Horne,</b> University of Alabama (Birmingham)<br/>
"'The Prospect of Boundlessly Growing Classicism': On Poetic Reflection in the 116th Athenaeum Fragment's Poesie Program"<br/>
<b>Lori Wagner,</b> University of Pennsylvania<br/>
"The Scientific Strucutre of Literary Theory in German Romanticism"</p>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 4:20 p.m. to 5:50 p.m.</h3>
<p class="c8">SESSION 13<br/>
<span class="c7">Romantic Narcissism</span></p>
<p><b>Laura Quinney,</b> Princeton University<br/>
"Wordsworth, Sensibility and the Self-Disenchanted Self "<br/>
<b>William Flesch,</b> Brandeis University<br/>
"Timely Utterance and Endless Imitation: Quotation and Object-Realtions in Wordsworth's Great Ode"<br/>
<b>Gene Laskowski,</b> University of Michigan<br/>
"Romanticism and Narcissism: Pearl and the Elements of Sacred Play in <i>The Scarlet Letter</i> "<br/>
<b>Mary Anne Nunn,</b> Central Conneticut State University<br/>
"'The Very Image of Life Expressed': Ovid's Romantic Narcissus"</p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 14<br/>
<span class="c7">Keats</span></p>
<p><b>Ellen Brinks,</b> Princeton University<br/>
"Gothic Subjectivity and the Romantic Poet: Keats's <i>Hyperion</i> Fragments"<br/>
<b>David Luke,</b> University of Minnesota<br/>
"The Romantic Epic as Fragment: Keats's <i>Hyperion</i> Versions"<br/>
<b>Gene Laskowski,</b> University of Michigan<br/>
"Romanticism and Narcissism: Pearl and the Elements of Sacred Play in <i>The Scarlet Letter</i> "<br/>
<b>Michael Sider,</b> University of Pennsylvania<br/>
"Historicizing Keats: <i>Isabella</i> and the Dialogism of Romance"</p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 15<br/>
<span class="c7">Women's Critiques of Romanticism</span></p>
<p><b>Karen Daubert,</b> Princeton University<br/>
"The Issue of Identity: Karoline Gunderrode Reading Schelling"<br/>
<b>Jerry Loo,</b> New York University<br/>
"Wordsworth in Dialogue: The Poetry of Dorothy Wordsowrth"<br/>
<b>Melissa Sites,</b> University of Maryland<br/>
"Joanna Baillie and Fugitive Verses: The Poetry and Theory of a Woman Romantic"<br/>
<b>Maureen Dowd,</b> Loyola University<br/>
"Joanna Baillie's 'Extensive Design' as Cultural Performance"</p>
<hr/>
<h3>5:50 p.m. to 6:50 p.m.</h3>
<span class="c10">RECEPTION</span>
<hr/>
<h3>6:40 p.m. to 7:30 p.m.</h3>
Executive Meeting of <b>ACR</b>
<hr/>
<h2>Saturday, October 15, 1994</h2>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 8:30 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.</h3>
<p class="c8">SESSION 16<br/>
<span class="c7">Blake</span></p>
<p><b>Russell Prather,</b> University of Washington<br/>
"Reading the Microcosm in Blake's <i>The Four Zoas</i>"<br/>
<b>Laura Lovasz,</b> Indiana University<br/>
"Blake's Contrary Job"<br/>
<b>Elisa Beshero,</b> Penn State University<br/>
"The Battle of Female Wills in Blake's Late Myth"<br/>
<b>Kathleen Lundeen,</b> Western Washington University<br/>
"Seeing Double: Blake's Transparent Art"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 17<br/>
<span class="c7">Romantic Classicism</span></p>
<p><b>David Ferris,</b> Yale University<br/>
"Keats's Denial of Classicism"<br/>
<b>Denise Vultee,</b> University of North Carolina<br/>
"Felicia Hemans, the Elgin Marbles, and 'Properzia Rossi'"<br/>
<b>Dan Albergotti,</b> University of South Carolina<br/>
"Byron's Prometheus: 'Romanticizing a Classical Myth'"<br/>
<b>Michael Vicario,</b> Penn State University<br/>
"Virgil's Heroic <i>Ecologues</i> and the Problem of Pastoral in <i>Adonais</i>"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 18<br/>
<span class="c7">The Culture of Romanticism</span></p>
<p><b>John Crosetto,</b> University of Washington<br/>
"Eckbert's Uncanny Undoing in Tieck's <i>Der blonde Eckbert</i>"<br/>
<b>Margot Harrison,</b> University of California (Berkeley)<br/>
"Rousseau's Pathos and Ethos of Lie"<br/>
<b>Jonathan Strauss,</b> Miami University (Ohio)<br/>
"Gerard de Nerval and Hegel: Mis-Steps in Dialectical Subjectivity"<br/>
<b>Kimberly Ferrell,</b> Utah State University<br/>
"Cognitive Growth: The Androgynous Minds of John Keats and Virginia Woolf"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 19<br/>
<span class="c7">Romanticism and the Representation of Women</span></p>
<p><b>Thomas Schmid,</b> University of Texas<br/>
""And Last of All Joanna': Wordsworth, Joanna Hutchinson, and the Anxiety of Sisterly Resistance"<br/>
<b>Fred Randel,</b> University of California (San Diego)<br/>
"How a Male Romantic's Representation of Mountains Subvert Gender Stereotypes: In Defense of <i>The Prelude</i>"<br/>
<b>Byron Brown,</b> Valdosta State University (Ohio)<br/>
"Silence in Eden: Redeeming Dorothy in the <i>Lyrical Ballads</i>"<br/>
<b>Diane Hoeveler,</b> Marquette University<br/>
"Decapitating Romance: The Silent Woman in Keats's <i>Isabella</i>"<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 10:10 a.m. to 11:40 a.m.</h3>
<p><span class="c9">SESSION 20<br/>
<span class="c7">Open Session</span></span> .</p>
<p><b>Brian Freeman,</b> Harvard University<br/>
"Walter, Scott, Hegel, and the <i>Buildungsroman</i>: The Dialectical Interplay Between Private Development and Citizenship"<br/>
<b>A.J. Caschetta,</b> New York University<br/>
"Feminist Criticism and the English Epic"<br/>
<b>Warren Stevenson,</b> University of British Columbia<br/>
"Madeline Unhoodwink'd: The Eve of St. Agnes as Self-Reflexive Romance"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 21<br/>
<span class="c7">Mary Shelley</span></p>
<p><b>David Ketterer,</b> Concordia University (Montreal)<br/>
"The Corrected Frankenstein: Five Preferred Readings in the Rough Draft"<br/>
<b>Gregory O'Dea,</b> University of Tennessee<br/>
"Framing the Frame: Embedded Narratives, Enabling Texts, and <i>Frankenstein</i>"<br/>
<b>Robert Neveldine,</b> University of Washington<br/>
"Frankenstein Meets Pygmalion: Childbearing, Sculpture, and Creativity"<br/>
<b>Robert Corbett,</b> University of Washington<br/>
"The Monstrous and the Domestic in <i>St. Leon</i> and <i>Frankenstein</i>"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 22<br/>
<span class="c7">Romanticism and the Fine Arts</span></p>
<p><b>Jean-Pierre Barricelli,</b> University of California (Riverside)<br/>
"Between Classic and Romantic: Rossini's <i>Otello</i>"<br/>
<b>Mary Collier,</b> Westmont College<br/>
"Carmen: <i>Femme fatale</i> or Modern Myth? Merimee's and Bizet's Image of Rebellion"<br/>
<b>Erlis Glass,</b> Rosemont College<br/>
"E.T.A. Hoffmann's <i>Undine</i>: A Collaborative Investigation of the Demonic"<br/>
<b>Matthew Schneider,</b> Chapman University<br/>
"Keats, Gustav Holst, and the Integrity of the Literary Artifact"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 23<br/>
<span class="c7">Romanticism and History</span></p>
<p><b>Peter Naccarato,</b> State University of New York (Stony Brook)<br/>
"History, Technology, and the Emergence of the Romantic Subject"<br/>
<b>Arthur Mitzman,</b> University of Amsterdam<br/>
"Michelet and Cousin, 1846: Social Religion vs. Liberal Eclecticism"<br/>
<b>Frank Anselmo,</b> Loyola University (New Orleans)<br/>
"Joan of Arc: A National Heroine of French Romantic Poetry"<br/>
<b>Mark Ledden,</b> Emory University<br/>
"The Politics of Metahistory: Helen Maria Williams' <i>Letters From France</i>"<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>11:40 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.</h3>
<span class="c9">LUNCH</span>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 1:00 p.m. to 2:30 p.m.</h3>
<p class="c8">SESSION 24<br/>
<span class="c7">Women Writers and the Challenge of Romanticism</span></p>
<p><b>Michael Bachem,</b> Miami University (Ohio)<br/>
"Johanna Schopenhauer's <i>Gabriele</i>: Im/Possibilities of Authenticity"<br/>
<b>Birgit Maier-Katkin,</b> Florida State University<br/>
"The Longing for Liberation in the Poetry of Rosalia de Castro and Annette von Droste-Hulshoff"<br/>
<b>Nicolas Hernandez,</b> Russell Sage College<br/>
"Gendering Two Cuban Abolitionist Novels: Avellaneda's <i>Sab</i> and Romero's <i>Francisco</i>"<br/>
<b>Mary Yudin,</b> Penn State University<br/>
"The Madwoman Reconsidered: Rebellion in Romantic Drama by Women"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 25<br/>
<span class="c7">Romanticism and Politics</span></p>
<p><b>Tom McCall,</b> University of Houston<br/>
"The Power of Positive Thinking: Marx, Keats, Critical Politics"<br/>
<b>Bruce Graver,</b> Providence College<br/>
"Classical Scholarship and Radical Politics: Wakefield vx. Porson"<br/>
<b>John Howard,</b> St. Louis University<br/>
"Blake and the Politics of Los: Creating the Assemblage"<br/>
<b>Neil Browne,</b> Ohio University<br/>
"'Nothing of a Tendency to Danger': Maneuvering in Shelley's Prose Prefaces"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 26<br/>
<span class="c7">Open Session</span></p>
<p><b>Larry Peer,</b> Brigham Young University<br/>
"<i>Shinataishi</i> and Romanticism: A Note on Byron's 'Good Night' and Ogai'a Translation"<br/>
<b>Debbie Lee,</b> University of Arizona<br/>
"Looking for Africa in Keat's 'Lamia'"<br/>
<b>Paola Gemme,</b> Penn State University<br/>
"Racializing Democracy: A Study of the American Response to the Italian <i>Risorgimento</i>"<br/>
<b>Robert Davis,</b> Wittenberg University<br/>
"The Empty Place of Democratic Power: Walt Whitman and Claude Lefort"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 27<br/>
<span class="c7">Wordsworth</span></p>
<p><b>Janice Peritz,</b> Queen's College (CUNY)<br/>
"From Burke's Sexual Politics to the Subject of 'Nutting': Questions of Ideology, Fantasy, and History"<br/>
<b>Laura Dabundo,</b> Kennesaw State College<br/>
"Wordsworth, Biblical Intertextuality and the End of History"<br/>
<b>Kurt Fosso,</b> The College of Wooster<br/>
"Problematic Mourning and the Promise of Community in Wordsworth's 'The Vale of Eshwaite'"<br/>
<b>Kathry Mapes,</b> University of Minnesota<br/>
"The Dialogic Nature of 'Tintern Abbey'"<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 2:40 p.m. to 4:10 p.m.</h3>
<p class="c8">SESSION 28<br/>
<span class="c7">Romanticism and the Fine Arts</span></p>
<p><b>Kemille Moore,</b> University of North Carolina (Wilmington)<br/>
"American Landscape Painting and the British Notion of the Sublime"<br/>
<b>Roger Blood,</b> Yale University<br/>
"The Time of History in Bonington's <i>Corso Sant'Anastasio</i>"<br/>
<b>Britta Wittenberg,</b> New York University<br/>
"Wackenroder's Reverent Monk and the Humility of the Virgin Mary"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 29<br/>
<span class="c7">German Romanticism</span></p>
<p><b>Howard Pollack,</b> Indiana University<br/>
"Holderlin's Theory of Temporality: The Messianic Component"<br/>
<b>Lili Porten,</b> Harvard University<br/>
"Dead Women and Muses: Hoffmann's Parody of the Romantic Poet in <span class="c7">Der Sandman</span>"<br/>
<b>Eberhard Lehnardt,</b> Utah Valley State College<br/>
"Central European Romanticism up to the Schlegel Brothers: The Unfolding of Vision"<br/>
<b>Barbara Elling,</b> State University of New York (Stony Brook)<br/>
"Romanticism and the Empowerment of the Reader"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 30<br/>
<span class="c7">William Wordsworth</span></p>
<p><b>Robert Philmus,</b> Concordia University (Montreal)<br/>
"Wordsworth and the Interpretation of Dreams"<br/>
<b>Matthew Greenfield,</b> Yale University<br/>
"Dangerous Sympathies: Wordsworth and the Trauma of Identification"<br/>
<b>Paul Morsink,</b> University of California (Irvine)<br/>
"Habeas Corpus? Missing Bodies, Mute Shrines in Book IX of <i>The Prelude</i>"<br/>
<b>Thomas Pearson,</b> University of Iowa<br/>
"'Twins in Pleasure': Wordsworth and the Familiarization of Passion"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 31<br/>
<span class="c7">Mary Shelley</span></p>
<p><b>Jeanne Moskal,</b> University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill)<br/>
"Classism and Italian Nationalism in Mary Shelley's <i>Rambles in Germany and Italy</i>"<br/>
<b>Nash Mayfield,</b> Mercer University<br/>
"Astarte Speaks: Mary Shelley's <i>Mathilda</i>"<br/>
<b>Marlene Miner,</b> University of Cincinnati<br/>
"'A Philter to Cure Love': Mary Shelley and Eros"<br/>
<b>Ashley Cross,</b> Illinois Benedictine College<br/>
"'Indelible Impressions': Figuring Feminine Subjectivity in Mary Shelley's <i>Frankestein</i> "<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 4:20 p.m. to 5:50 p.m.</h3>
<p class="c8">SESSION 32<br/>
<span class="c7">Women Writers and the Romantic Challenge</span></p>
<p><b>Frank Jordan,</b> Miami University (Ohio)<br/>
"Charlotte Smith's Contribution to a Romantic Genre: <i>The Letters of a Solitary Wanderer</i>"<br/>
<b>Stephan Bernstein,</b> University of Michigan (Flint)<br/>
"The Difficulty of Generic Modeling: Charlotte Smith's 'The Emigrants'"<br/>
<b>Sheilagh Riordan</b><br/>
"<i>Enthousiasme,</i> Romanticism and Exile: Madame de Stael On How It Feels to Travel"<br/>
<b>Ingrid Martinez,</b> Gettysburg College<br/>
"In Search of the Romantic Female Voice: Annette von Droste-Hulshoff"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 33<br/>
<span class="c7">Coleridge</span></p>
<p><b>Martin Wallen,</b> Oklahoma State University<br/>
"Coleridge's Scrofulous Dejection"<br/>
<b>David Hogsette,</b> Ohio State University<br/>
"Eclipsed by the Pleasure Dome: Romantic Irony and Poetic Failure in 'Kubla Khan'"<br/>
<b>Gretta Anderson,</b> University of Iowa<br/>
"Rationalizing Self-Narration: The Logic of the Gift in 'The Picture'"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 34<br/>
<span class="c7">Open Session</span></p>
<p><b>George Moskos,</b> Swarthmore College<br/>
"Confessing to Power: Politics, Identity, and Sexuality in Musset's <i>Lorenzaccio</i> and in Nerval's <i>Aurelia</i>"<br/>
<b>Michael Call,</b> Brigham Young University<br/>
"Crucifying the Old Man: The Function of the Romantic Heroine in Juliane von Krudener's <i>Valerie</i>"<br/>
<b>Tracy Paton,</b> University of California (Irvine)<br/>
"Mothering and Sisterhood: Modes of Feminine Sexuality and Subjectivity in the Poetry of Marceline Desbordes-Valmore"<br/>
<b>Sydney Aboul-Hosn,</b> Penn State University<br/>
"The Feminine Transcendence of Languages Through Silence in the Short Stories of Edgar Allan Poe and Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 35<br/>
<span class="c7">Byron</span></p>
<p><b>Matthew Duckworth,</b> University of California (Berkeley)<br/>
"Lord Byron's Siegecraft: Byronic Hero vs. Heroic Vision"<br/>
<b>Elizabeth Manus,</b> New York University<br/>
"Veiled Verse: Byron's 'Marino Faliero'"<br/>
<b>Marjean Purinton,</b> Westfield State College<br/>
"Regency Politics inscribed in Lord Byron's Dramas <i>Manfred</i> and <i>Werner</i>"<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>6:15 p.m. to 7:00 p.m.</h3>
<p><span class="c11">Plenary Address</span><br/></p>
<p class="c8"><b>Anne Mellor,</b> University of California<br/>
(Los Angeles)</p>
<p class="c8">"A Criticism of Their Own: British Romantic Women Literary Critics"<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>7:15 p.m. to 8:30 p.m.</h3>
<p class="c8"><span class="c7">Dinner</span></p>
<hr/>
<h2>Sunday, October 16, 1994</h2>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 8:30 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.</h3>
<p class="c8">SESSION 36<br/>
<span class="c7">Blake</span></p>
<p><b>Victoria Tischio,</b> State University of New York (Albany)<br/>
"The Composite Image of Enitharmon in Blake's <i>The Book of Urizen</i>"<br/>
<b>David Baulch,</b> University of Washington<br/>
"'Upon the Limit of Translucence': Reading Blake's <i>The Four Zoas</i>Manuscript"<br/>
<b>Warren Cariou,</b> University of Toronto<br/>
"Vision and Division in Blake's Mirrors"<br/>
<b>Tilar Mazzeo,</b> University of Washington<br/>
"The 'Sculptor of Eternity': The Image and Strategies of Implication in <i>Jerusalem</i>"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 37<br/>
<span class="c7">Romanticism and the Fine Arts</span></p>
<p><b>Bryan Bayles,</b> University of Texas<br/>
"Dante Gabriel Rossetti's <i>La Pia de Tolomei</i> and the Romantic Aesthetic"<br/>
<b>Robin Reisenfeld,</b> Dickinson College<br/>
"Constructing a Tradition: German Identity and the Romantic Woodcut"<br/>
<b>Randi Patterson,</b> University of Waterloo<br/>
"'With Music Loud and Long': Conceptions of Music and the Ideology of Poetic Language"<br/>
<b>Kay Picart,</b> Penn State University<br/>
"Signatures and Counter-Signatures: Politics and Gender in Fuseli's <i>Nightmare</i> and Shelley's Androgynous Monster"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 38<br/>
<span class="c7">Women Writers and the Challnge of Romanticism</span></p>
<p><b>Mary Goldschmidt,</b> Franklin Pierce College<br/>
"Home, Empire, and the Production of Value(s) in the Poetry of Felicia Hemans"<br/>
<b>Margaret Linley,</b> Queen's University<br/>
"Lyric Drama and Sappho's Converions in Last Songs by Felicia Hemans and Letitia London"<br/>
<b>Dolores DeLuise,</b> City University of New York<br/>
"'The Lost Bower': Elizabeth Barrett Browning's Revision of Romantic Pastoral"<br/>
<b>Anna Barker,</b> University of Iowa<br/>
"Charlotte Smith and the Mode of Poetic Precision"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 39<br/>
<span class="c7">Open Session</span></p>
<p><b>Keith Brower,</b> Dickinson College<br/>
"Romanticism in Brazil"<br/>
<b>Cecile West-Settle,</b> Washington and Lee University<br/>
"Romantic Irony and Becquer's <i>Rimas</i>"<br/>
<b>June Sturrock,</b> Simon Fraser University<br/>
"Blake's Gendering of British History"<br/>
<b>John Peters,</b> Penn State University<br/>
"Denial of Entropy in 'Ode on a Grecian Urn' and 'Tintern Abbey'"<br/></p>
<hr/>
<h3>Sessions from 10:10 a.m. to 11:40 a.m.</h3>
<p class="c8">SESSION 40<br/>
<span class="c7">Women Writers and the Challnge of Romanticism</span></p>
<p><b>Charles Donelan,</b> State University of New York (Bronx)<br/>
"Bordering on the Tragic: Rehearsing Joanna Baillie's 'Count Basil'"<br/>
<b>John Pipkin,</b> Rice University<br/>
"Intertextuality and the Origins of Romanticism: Wordsworth's Aesthetic Ideology and the Poetics of Joanna Baillie"<br/>
<b>Jill Angelino,</b> Northwestern University<br/>
"To Speak of England: Jane Austen's <i>Mansfield Park</i>"<br/>
<b>Caroline Pari,</b> City University of New York<br/>
"The Distresses of Women: Female Sexuality and Class Conflict in Novels by Wollstonecraft and Burney"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 41<br/>
<span class="c7">Open Session</span></p>
<p><b>Susan Wolfson,</b> Princeton University<br/>
"William's Sister"<br/>
<b>Celestine Liu,</b> New York University<br/>
"Anna Jameson: Forging a Gender-Inclusive Romanticism"<br/>
<b>Randall Beebe,</b> Eastern Illinois University<br/>
"Romanticism, Cultural Hisotry, and the Native American: The Case of Robert Southey's <i>Madoc</i>"<br/>
<b>William Galperin,</b> Rutgers University<br/>
"Audible Silence/Silent Audibility: Jane Austen and the Trial of Jane Leigh Perrot"<br/></p>
<p class="c8">SESSION 42<br/>
<span class="c7">Percy Shelley</span></p>
<p><b>Gene McQuillan,</b> City University of New York<br/>
"Shelley's 'Mont Blanc': Mountaineering, Tourism, and the Limits of Empiricism"<br/>
<b>Michael Erkelenz,</b> University of Toronto<br/>
"The Genre and Politics of Shelley's <i>Swellfoot the Tyrant</i>"<br/>
<b>Scott Williams,</b> University of Texas<br/>
"Proper and Improper Use of Power in Shelley's <i>The Cenci</i>"<br/></p>
<hr/>
<br/>
<br/>
<br/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="c5">
<blockquote>
<hr/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/acr.html">ACR Annual Conventions - Main Page</a><br/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a><br/></blockquote>
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</table>
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<p class="c12"><!--end of the breadcrumb trail--> <!--beginning of fine print and footer-->
<!--end fine print and footer--></p></div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31537">Scholarly Resources</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Resource:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/yvonne-pelleier" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Yvonne Pelleier</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/virginia-woolf" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Virginia Woolf</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/daniel-burgoyne" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Daniel Burgoyne</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/claire-may" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Claire May</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/felicia-dorothea-hemans" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Felicia Dorothea Hemans</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/friedrich-holderlin-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Friedrich Holderlin</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft-shelley-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/joanna-baillie" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Joanna Baillie</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/scott-williams" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Scott Williams</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/william-flesch" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Flesch</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/ray-fleming" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ray Fleming</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/edmund-burke" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Edmund Burke</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-city-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">City:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/buffalo" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Buffalo</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/reading" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Reading</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/santo-domingo" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Santo Domingo</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/los-angeles" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Los Angeles</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ohio" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ohio</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/alabama" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Alabama</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/indiana" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Indiana</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/british-columbia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">British Columbia</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/new-york" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">New York</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/michigan" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michigan</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/south-carolina" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">South Carolina</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">California</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/georgia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Georgia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/colorado" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Colorado</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/texas" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Texas</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/wisconsin" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Wisconsin</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/maryland" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Maryland</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/illinois" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Illinois</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/tennessee" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Tennessee</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/pennsylvania" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Pennsylvania</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/north-carolina" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">North Carolina</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/iowa" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Iowa</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/massachusetts" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Massachusetts</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-region-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Region:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/region/south-alabama" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">South Alabama</a></li></ul></section>Fri, 04 May 2012 19:59:00 +0000rc-admin23056 at http://www.rc.umd.eduKennedy, "Going Viral: Stedman's Narrative, textual variation, and life in Atlantic Studies"http://www.rc.umd.edu/praxis/circulations/HTML/praxis.2011.kennedy.html
<div class="field field-name-field-published field-type-date field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="collex:date" datatype="gYearMonth"><span class="date-display-single" property="collex:date" datatype="gYearMonth" content="2011-10-01T00:00:00-04:00">October 2011</span></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/praxis/circulations/index.html">Circulations: Romanticism and the Black Atlantic</a></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><!--Couldn't selectively extract content, Imported Full Body :( May need to used a more carefully tuned import template.-->
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<h2 align="center">Circulations: Romanticism and the Black Atlantic</h2>
<h3 align="center">"Going Viral: Stedman's <em xmlns="">Narrative</em>, textual variation, and life in Atlantic Studies"</h3>
<p xmlns=""><strong>Dustin Kennedy</strong><br/>
<strong>The Pennsylvania State University</strong></p>
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<p class=""><strong>1</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;John Gabriel Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative of a Five Years' Expedition Against the Revolted Negroes of Surinam</span> (1796) is a very complicated text. It tells the story of an officer in the Scots Brigade deployed in 1772 to the Dutch-controlled colony of Surinam to suppress an armed black revolt against plantation slavery. It also exposes the cruelty of both slavery and military authority, while providing a rare account of a wide spectrum of colonial society. It takes advantage of Stedman's role as a colonial authority, writing from the privileged perspective of the colonial gaze, but it also challenges many assumptions and prejudices natural to the colonizer's world view. Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> is gaining importance in Atlantic Studies, because it both reflects the larger experience of circum-Atlantic circulation in the Age of Revolution and provides a unique perspective that differs from other primary material from the period. It should be possible to differentiate between what is typical of society and what is particular to an individual's perspective in Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, right? There is just one problem: there is more than one Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>.</p>
<p class=""><strong>2</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Today's reader is in a position to understand the role that variation plays in the construction and interpretation of Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>. Contemporary culture is comfortable with the idea of media going &#8220;viral,&#8221; taking on a life of its own as it is experienced and altered by users on the net. Likewise, a type of reading that is attentive to reference and mutation is necessary for Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> because of the proliferation of versions that have emerged over the more than two-hundred year history of its publication legacy.</p>
<p class=""><strong>3</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;While Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> is gaining critical attention in Atlantic Studies, a close look at its textual history reveals that it has never been out of the public's consciousness for long. The current multiplex configuration of Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> emerged in 1988, the result of Richard and Sally Price's new scholarly edition. The Prices' text transcribed Stedman's 1790 manuscript version for the first time, aiming to restore his original authorial intent and exposing the extent to which the text had been altered by Stedman's first editor, Joseph Johnson. <a href="#1">&#160;[1]</a><a name="back1">&#160;</a> The original, 1796 published version of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> was successful, resulting in several editions in multiple languages. It contained, however, views on race, slavery, social justice and inter-racial sex that were very different than those found in Stedman's manuscript. Upon seeing these alterations, Stedman reflected in his journal, &#8220;receive the 1st vol. of my book quite mard oaths and Sermons inserted etc&#8221; (June 24, 1795). These changes coalesce around the description of Stedman's relationship with Joanna, a woman in bondage. To briefly give a sense of what is at stake in the competing texts, in their introduction to the revised manuscript edition the Prices note that &#8220;the edited version, saying nothing of her beauty, emphasizes Joanna's pitiable condition (bathed in tears rather than bathing with her companions) and makes Stedman her protector and patron, rather than her lover-aspiring-to-be-her-husband&#8221; (lxi). If the editorial imperative to cloak Joanna in the modest garb of a sentimentalized relationship with Stedman protects her, in a sense, from being the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>'s object of sexual desire, it also obscures the nature of Stedman and Joanna's relationship by defaulting to the confines of gender hierarchies: paternal protection and female emotional dependence. Both versions of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> are troubled by what they cannot contain, whether it be the sexual exploitation made possible by plantation-slavery, or the inter-racial desire that would eventually mark Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> as a singular example of resistance to the exploitations inherent in the eighteenth-century Atlantic world.</p>
<p class=""><strong>4</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;The Prices' edition made Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> available to contemporary critics, enabling its increasing importance for literary and historical scholarship in Atlantic studies. It also introduced the complexity of having two texts sharing the same name in a field that emphasizes the material production, publication, and dissemination histories of primary sources. The difference between the original published version and the recovered manuscript raises an essential question: how should we read Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> now that there are two of them? On one hand, it is a text that is similar to a planter's journal, a record of colonial society that can be read for silences and echoes of life under plantation slavery. On the other, it is a text that crosses social boundaries between master and slave, white and black, colonizer and colonized, wealthy and poor, in ways that make even the comparatively conservative first publication version appear radical. For scholars interested in reading Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> as a reflection of history, Stedman's manuscript version <em xmlns="">might</em> offer a closer depiction of his perceived experience. And yet, focusing on the Prices' recovered manuscript edition leaves out the prevailing cultural biases that Johnson's 1796 version reflects. Choosing one edition over the other is no longer an option for scholars who turn to Stedman's writings as a gateway to eighteenth-century life. Both are essential for triangulating Stedman's particular experience and the larger cultural biases that mediated that experience in print.</p>
<p class=""><strong>5</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;I will confess now that it is not my intention to map the differences between the two versions of Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>. The Prices' introduction to their revised manuscript edition describes these changes in extensive detail. Instead, I take up the task of understanding the ramification of the Prices' edition not only on criticism that has emerged as a result of their recovery work, but also to understand the recent revival of Stedman's writings in the context of a much longer process of cultural appropriation that has been ongoing since the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>'s first publication in 1796. In essence, this is an effort in tracking: in tracking knowledge circulating in the Atlantic; in tracking the cultures that respond to and appropriate Stedman's account of his time in Surinam for their own purposes; and in tracking the significance of alterations made to the text. It is clear from the two versions of Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> that authorship is only one force at work in shaping the text, and not necessarily the most powerful force, either. In order to bring the cultural forces at work in the construction of Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> to light, it is necessary to expand the notion of authorship to include not only the figure of a single author, but also the acts of referencing, printing, and reprinting. Rather than arguing for a definitive edition of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, I argue that the work can best be understood by considering it simultaneously as manuscript, editorialized publication, and re-telling. All together, this plurality of authorship and edition forms the core of what I call the Stedman Archive: the collectively produced text. The Stedman Archive is a convenient shorthand denoting the
many documents that have Stedman's experience in colonial Surinam as their center. In one way or another they each recount that experience from a perspective unique to the type of writing each document undertakes, and together they reveal the incomplete understanding that any one in particular is able to capture.</p>
<p class=""><strong>6</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;The central texts of the archive are the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>'s original publication and the Prices' restored manuscript edition, produced from the rare manuscripts and journals first recovered by antiquarian Stanbury Thompson. In the 1960s, Thompson published Stedman&#8217;s journals and letters, as well as a biographic history of the Stedman family refined from these sources and interviews conducted with Stedman's living descendants. (Thompson found these important documents in a junk shop, and is ultimately responsible for their preservation.) While Thompson's publications offer a fair reading copy for readers unused to working with hand-written manuscripts, they are at times unreliable in their transcription and translation, and can usefully be checked against the originals held by the James Ford Bell library at the University of Minnesota lest Thompson's bias be mistaken as Stedman's. <a href="#2">&#160;[2]</a><a name="back2">&#160;</a>The same is true of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, which went through many editions, abridgments, and translations. Until the Prices' recovered manuscript edition in 1988 the biases of his many editors were mistakenly attributed to Stedman.</p>
<p class=""><strong>7</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;It should be noted that the Prices' introduction includes a meticulously researched list of the textual variations that the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> underwent over the course of two hundred years, including descriptions of the changes made to the text in each case. <a href="#3">&#160;[3]</a><a name="back3">&#160;</a> Indeed, the only limitation to their research is that it ends with the addition of the restored version of the text. In 1988 they could not foresee the effect that their edition would have in scholarship or the arts over the following two decades. Critics have since assessed Stedman's account of Surinam as imperial travelogue, as a vector of revolutionary knowledge, as a carrier of the hidden history of women in slavery, or as colonial pornography, and in the process have re-written the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> into current scholarly paradigms of the eighteenth-century Atlantic world. <a href="#4">&#160;[4]</a><a name="back4">&#160;</a> Alongside this renewed scholarly attention, Beryl Gilroy re-wrote Stedman's experience from his first-person perspective in <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Stedman and Joanna - A Love in Bondage</span> (1991) . Drawing on the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, as well as Stedman's private journals and letters, Gilroy focuses on Stedman and Joanna's relationship even while expanding the length of the tale to include Stedman's pre- and post-Surinam life. All of these texts maintain an important fidelity to Stedman's account, but their strategic changes leave authorship in the archive indeterminate. During the two centuries since its original publication, Stedman's account has resurfaced repeatedly alongside the struggle against slavery, colonialism, and racism. As a result, the
full scope and importance of the Stedman Archive only becomes clear from a critical perspective instructed by the black Atlantic; it is an archive endowed with both the conventions of British culture and print apparatus in the eighteenth century, and productive of post-colonial re-writings emerging in diverse political and national contexts.</p>
<p class=""><strong>8</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;In its original form the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> is a more or less chronological account of Stedman's time spent in Surinam, ranging over a wide variety of subjects including ethnographic observation, colonial history, military engagements, a naturalist's attention to flora and fauna, and Stedman's relationships with the people he encounters in every strata of plantation society. It is an example of what Mary Louise Pratt has described as travel writing, in which the imperialist perspective of the traveler has the power to render what it observes as legible in the scientific, racial, and economic consciousness of the imperial observer. The travel writing genre privileges the author as individual, granting the power of interpretation over the events and peoples related in the account. Stedman's writing, in the case of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, mirrors the function of his imperial subjectivity. It is the written analogue of his other positions of authority: as a military officer who suppresses a slave revolt, and as a white European male who is able through local/colonial custom to temporarily take a slave woman as his wife to increase his domestic comfort while in Surinam.</p>
<p class=""><strong>9</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Stopping there would be stopping short. Stedman was more than a traveler in Surinam, and he was also more than a colonial agent and oppressor. The <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> can be read as the outgrowth of social subjectivity categories that typify the operation of the larger plantation slavery system in the West Indies and South America, but it must also be recognized in its particularity. In the following sections, I will consider what happens when Stedman's authorship becomes displaced in the larger archive &#8211; how critics rewrite what they read, how an author becomes a character, and above all else, how textual changes challenge criticism's reduction of Stedman to imperialist.</p>
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<h4 align="center">Viral History</h4>
<p class=""><strong>10</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;As Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> goes viral, the logic of the transmission vector becomes useful in thinking about how knowledge can be tracked through an archive. Disease marks the transgressed boundary of the body, as suffering is passed from one subject to the next. It is often associated with myriad cultural interactions and social stigmas, and has become one of the primary organizations of body control in our current time via management, prevention, and treatment. Extending this metaphor to the viral transmission of a text emphasizes the split between &#8220;agent&#8221; and &#8220;effect&#8221;; the text-as-virus becomes the vehicle for disseminating the knowledge-as-disease. The subversive quality of the transmitted knowledge remains true to today's viral media, which typically spreads its information prior to official media coverage.</p>
<p class=""><strong>11</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;In terms of today's criticism, the primary conceptual category for the subversive, or alternative, interpretation of a text is the act of producing a &#8220;hidden history,&#8221; a re-telling of a familiar history or narrative from below. The effect of this critical effort is to empower new social consciousnesses by revealing versions of the past that destabilize the &#8220;always-already&#8221; logic of currently dominant and hegemonic social configurations. If something happened once, after all, it could happen again. Peter Linebaugh and Marcus Rediker's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Many-Headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves, Commoners, and the Hidden History of the Revolutionary Atlantic</span> helped define the field of Atlantic Studies by envisioning a model of one continuous and ongoing resistance throughout the Atlantic world to expanding global capital during the early modern era and throughout the Age of Revolution. By reading the silences of texts for the experience of the mass of humanity that did not have the privilege of producing the materials that now define our historical archives, Linebaugh and Rediker describe a counter-history to one inundated by ruling-class assumptions.</p>
<p class=""><strong>12</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> plays a crucial role in <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Many-Headed Hydra's</span> perspective of history, but his dual-natured character and text seemingly do not fit in its conception of history from below. In order to understand the relative &#8220;silencing&#8221; of Stedman that takes place in Linebaugh and Rediker's history, it will be useful to consider one of Rediker's later essays, "The Red Atlantic," that describes Stedman's role as a carrier of knowledge. Rediker reads William Blake&#8217;s poetic protagonist, Red Orc, from <span xmlns="" class="titlem">America, a Prophecy</span> to continue his project of tracing resistance from below in the Age of Revolution. (Blake engraved sixteen illustrations for the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> from watercolors and sketches done by Stedman while in Surinam.) Rediker argues that a link between Red Orc and Stedman's narration of the execution on the rack of a slave named Neptune &#8220;show[s] how the knowledge of both violence and resistance circulated around the red Atlantic &#8211; how African rebels in America influenced Blake, who in turn represented their struggle to a metropolitan public&#8221; (125). For Rediker, Stedman takes on the role of mercenary-observer, recording the stoicism of Akan-speaking people. Their revolutionary spirit moves through the middle passage, to gallows resistance in Surinam, and eventually to the pages of Blake's poem. Stedman remains a colonial oppressor while Blake, the artist, gets the creative glory. While focusing on the circulation of revolutionary knowledge through the Neptune-to-Red Orc transformation, Rediker acknowledges Stedman as the source for more of Blake's material, particularly as the inspiration for "The Tyger." <a href="#5">&#160;[5]</a><a name="back5">&#160;</a> Taking up
this particular moment of exchange at the end of <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Many Headed Hydra</span>, Linebaugh and Rediker demarcate their roles as follows: &#8220;Stedman respected the creature, but only with the hunter's wish to kill it. Blake also wondered about the relation between hunter and hunted, but he widened it to include the larger social forces of oppressor and the oppressed&#8221; (349). By considering the role of each in these terms, Linebaugh and Rediker tend to align Stedman with a sort of colonial realism, in which he becomes the predator par excellence and his writing becomes bare record. Blake, whose vision is limited to what Stedman reports, gains the artistic and romantic receptivity to the latent content &#8211; the disease-as-knowledge that Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> carries.</p>
<p class=""><strong>13</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Considering Stedman's experience in the larger context of the Stedman Archive reveals the extent to which the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> exceeds the function of being a bare conveyor of history; the text's self-conscious construction of Stedman's character and the plurality of authorial and editorial influence over the many versions of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> argue against the stability of Stedman-as-recorder of a particular historical-material moment. Yet even considering the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> as a stable text (Linebaugh and Rediker use the Prices' restored manuscript edition) can yield a literary interpretation as well as a historical-materialist treatment of the text. M. Allewaert considers Stedman to be representative of colonial writing that is conscious of the &#8220;swamp sublime,&#8221; the ecological characteristic of the swamp which undermines Enlightenment notions of the subject that she sees emerging as a response to the author becoming a &#8220;citizen-subject of print culture.... [The] shift from subjectivity to agency [in the swamp] testifies to an organization of political life that is not dependent on the separation of subjects from the world.... [A]t precisely the moment citizen-subjects were emerging in metropolitan centers, the plantation zone gave rise to an ecological practice closely linked to <span class="foreign"><em>marronage</em></span>, a process through which human agents found ways to interact with nonhuman forces and in so doing resisted the order of the plantation&#8221; (341). For Allewaert, the swamp becomes a manifestation of the sublime in its dangerous indeterminacy, penetrating and altering the isolated subjectivity of the colonial master-class. It also becomes the figurative reservoir for
revolutionary resistance on behalf of the escaped and revolting black populations of the plantation zone. Drawing upon Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> (again, the Prices' 1988 edition), Allewaert focuses on Stedman's appreciation of the rebel's ability to use the terrain to their strategic advantage, closely reading a Blake image to show the white colonial's discord with nature as juxtaposed to the black assimilation to the natural landscape. While many other aspects of the text speak to exchanges that undermine romantic notions of subjectivity (disease and inter-racial sex particularly), Allewaert's discussion of Stedman emphasizes that Stedman's text is an outgrowth from plantation zone experience rather than the preserved master-colonialist gaze presumed by Linebaugh and Rediker.</p>
<p class=""><strong>14</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Stedman's personal experience is erased from Linebaugh and Rediker's hidden history of the Revolutionary Atlantic, leaving only his role as a carrier and transmitter of subversive history. Plates from Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> open and close <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Many Headed Hydra</span>, and indeed one figure graces its cover. The meditation of how Stedman impacted the revolutionary Blake serves as the afterword to the text. Yet because Stedman fought against the revolted slaves, he remains in Linebaugh and Rediker's critical estimate synonymous with the forces of colonial domination. Stedman's ambiguous dexterity in crossing plantation culture's social barriers, experience of inter-racial love, and the specifics of his response as a witness to marroon resistance and the horrors of slavery are all silenced in their history. Stedman's politics partly explain this choice. He remained &#8220;moderate&#8221; on the issue of slavery following his return from Surinam, and while his sympathies were against the brutality of the institution even to the point of professing racial equality, he also, as the Prices' introduction puts it, &#8220;rehearsed [in his manuscript] the whole panoply of already well-worn arguments in favor of the continuation of slavery and the trade...&#8221; (lxii). Yet it is also necessary to recall that it was Stedman, not Blake, who witnessed the colonial violence in Surinam, and that his writings exhibit a profound difference between his own mindset and that of the Surinam planters.</p>
<p class=""><strong>15</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Stedman's importance as a transmitter of Akan and other cultural legacies (with both origins in Africa and new spontaneous cultural formations of the West Indies and other Atlantic sites) should be considered as a sign of how the plantation zone had affected his subjectivity. Although associated with the dominant military power, Stedman is for that reason an importantly destabilizing vector for the transmission of African diasporic culture. Speaking through Blake's plates and editorial muffling, Stedman's mediated voice warns that the spread of knowledge about the Atlantic might always require the flexibility of sounding through the very apparatus that would deny that voice, passing the message on with the merest trace of an Akan accent. Witnessing the spread of Stedman's knowledge through text necessarily requires flexibility in relation to authorship, and speculation about the cultural saturation of the ideas he helped to transmit must therefore trace both silences and echoes.</p>
</div>
<div class="teidiv1" id="body.1_div.1_div.3">
<h4 align="center">Multiple Pathogens</h4>
<p class=""><strong>16</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;What, then, is hidden in the Stedman Archive that makes it such a persistently engaged group of texts in the long effort to overthrow slavery and racism? As versions and variants of Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> proliferated over the course of two centuries, each new writer repeated Joseph Johnson's original editorial effect by imposing their own emphasis on Stedman's experience. While recent critical attention has treated Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> as a bearer of history and carrier of resistance in the Revolutionary Atlantic, a distinct genealogy has emerged in both primary and secondary retellings of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> that focuses on the relationship between Stedman, Joanna, and their son, Johnny. For hidden history, the act of producing a genealogy is everything; it is the tool by which alternate archives of historical possibility become visible. While this sense of genealogy certainly applies, there is a quality to the Stedman Archive that exceeds the act of revelation. The problem with genealogy, as a word, is that it is implicitly associated with a system of reproduction and family that assumes many things about the appropriateness of family, love, and childbearing. All of these assumptions of typicality work against the transgressive aspect of Stedman and Joanna's relationship &#8211; if, that is, it does exceed the ongoing exploitation of people under slavery. If Stedman's text contains something that is passed on through its viral reproduction, another term from the rhetoric of disease can be useful for understanding the limitations inherent in the concept of genealogy. A virus is also a pathogen, a word that combines the concepts of pathos and genesis, suffering and passion given birth. As the Stedman Archive takes shape under the guidance of editors and re-writers, Stedman, Joanna, and
Johnny form the passionate center driving reproduction of Stedman's text.</p>
<p class=""><strong>17</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Many people have been drawn to this aspect of Stedman's text. In 1834, prominent U.S. abolitionist Lydia Maria Child excerpted the material related to Joanna from the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> for inclusion in the gift-book, <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Oasis</span>. Child's reasons for drawing on Stedman's experience were strategic; the abolitionist movement in the United States had experienced a series of violent anti-abolitionist riots fueled by the mob's fear and repulsion of inter-racial marriage. By returning to a British source, Child was able to include an example of inter-racial desire among the many other anti-slavery pieces of <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Oasis</span>, a collection including poems, factoids, short stories, dramatic sketches, personal narratives, legal summaries, and a biography of William Wilberforce, the British abolitionist who led the parliamentary effort to abolish the slave trade in 1807. As the first abolitionist gift-book in the U.S., its purpose was to describe abolitionism to a diverse audience unfamiliar with the growing movement.<a href="#6">&#160;[6]</a><a name="back6">&#160;</a> The familiar components of abolitionist ideology are represented through a range of writing directed at both adult and young readers. Inter-racial desire remained a fixture of Child's fiction throughout her career, and including Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> allowed her to broach the topic amid the storm of racist violence of the 1830s. Child's redacted version reveals the wide scope of Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, for while his relationship with Joanna becomes one of the major components of his account, it makes up only forty pages when extracted and reprinted in <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Oasis</span>. Although it is by far the largest
portion of Child's gift-book, this accounts for a relatively small portion of the sprawling two volume, eight-hundred page original edition of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>.</p>
<p class=""><strong>18</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Child's redacted version of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> highlights how emphasizing the positive aspects of Stedman and Joanna's relationship can have a silencing effect of its own. The anti-abolitionist politics of Child's time required a de-emphasis of inter-racial sexuality, resulting in an even further refiguring of Joanna into what Jenny Sharpe identifies as the universal model of womanhood. In trying to use the sexual degradation of women as an argument against slavery, abolitionists sought to extend their contemporaneous culture's conceptions of womanhood across racial lines in an empowering way. The problem of this logic, as Sharpe reminds us, is that &#8220;[b]y defining slave women's lives as simply the negation of the domestic happiness that white women enjoyed.... this discourse fails to contend with the kind of domesticity white men established with their concubines in the colonies&#8221; (85).<a href="#7">&#160;[7]</a><a name="back7">&#160;</a> Working from the editorialized 1796 version of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, Child's version remains true to the text, but furthered Johnson's removal of Stedman's sexual attraction to Joanna and other enslaved women by altering the image of Joanna for her gift-book, covering Joanna's exposed breast.<a href="#8">&#160;[8]</a><a name="back8">&#160;</a> The danger of this change is made clear by Mary Louise Pratt's remark on Stedman's power as a writer, that "the allegory of romantic love mystifies exploitation out of the picture" (97). By emphasizing the domestic relationship between Stedman, Joanna, and Johnny, Child's edition calls attention to an inter-racial marriage while silencing the sexual content of the wider <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>. Images of torture and bondage that Marcus Wood has
read as colonial pornography are shed, leaving an example of inter-racial domesticity that has been modestly clothed.<a href="#9">&#160;[9]</a><a name="back9">&#160;</a> While the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>'s sexual content is downplayed in <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Oasis</span>, its inter-racial couple was nevertheless content that depicted precisely the most contentious type of story for Child's violent time period.</p>
<p class=""><strong>19</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;And yet, following Pratt's analysis of mystification, the comparison of these two images of Joanna reveals that a further alteration has been made, the removal from the bottom corner of an inset depiction of Joanna and Johnny on a stroll.<a href="#10">&#160;[10]</a><a name="back10">&#160;</a> By treating their relationship as a function of text or image alone, critics attentive to the silences of exploitation in the eighteenth-century Atlantic may inadvertently have overlooked a domestic connection between Stedman and Joanna that reaches beyond the context of the plantation. Stedman and Joanna's relationship would end like many others did, with Stedman returning to Europe and Joanna remaining in America. Unlike the d&#233;nouement of other colonial love stories, Stedman and Joanna's domestic connection would continue as Johnny entered Stedman's European household following his mother's death.</p>
<p class=""><strong>20</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Taking up Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> for reasons similar to Lydia Child's, Beryl Gilroy refashioned Stedman and Joanna's relationship to an even greater extent than that which transformed Joanna into an example of universal womanhood in the nineteenth century. Rather than read Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> for the reflection of colonial exploitation and silence, Gilroy emphasizes Stedman and Joanna's love as a condition that shapes Stedman's and his readers' consciousness of slavery. The cover illustration for <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Stedman and Joanna &#8211; A Love in Bondage</span> (1992) provides a good example of the type of re-writing the original undergoes in Gilroy&#8217;s text.<a href="#11">&#160;[11]</a><a name="back11">&#160;</a> Standing side by side, Stedman appears in his Scot's Brigade uniform, while Joanna is posed with one arm wrapped around his waist. The miniature inset in the image&#8217;s bottom left corner depicting Joanna and Johnny is emphasized by Stedman's pointing hand. Palm fronds and rope provide the mixed-media background, and Gilroy's dependence on Stedman's private journals and letters is emphasized by the overlaid manuscript writing. Stedman and Joanna's image juxtaposition enacts the same overall effect achieved in Gilroy's rewriting. Stedman retains his significance as a colonial officer, but has been removed from the iconography of colonial domination (Stedman&#8217;s figure is cropped from an image in which he stands over the corpse of a maroon rebel). Instead, Gilroy depicts Stedman as an introspective protagonist struggling to come to terms with the ill effects of colonial slavery from well before his deployment until long afterwards. Joanna has been returned to her sexualized state (her breast is again uncovered), but has gained the agency of being
a desiring subject herself. She has the ability to touch Stedman sexually, undoing in part the ubiquitous degradation of women under slavery. The sum total of the image shows another way of reading the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, that its sexual content is both exploitative and transgressive. For as much as Gilroy's image manipulation decontextualizes its figures, it also is able to show visually the content of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> that had drawn readers for two centuries. Using their portraits from the original text, the cover depicts Stedman and Joanna's fraught domesticity.</p>
<p class=""><strong>21</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;In <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The German Ideology</span>, Karl Marx and Frederick Engels describe the family as the original location for the alienation of labor as private property. Their description is interesting for the imaginative work that it must do as Marx and Engels transplant the family as it existed in the nineteenth century back in time as an original, and eerily timeless, first stage of human social organization. They write: &#8220;the first form [of private property and unequal distribution] lies in the family, where wife and children are the slaves of the husband. This latent slavery in the family, though still very crude, is the first property, but even at this early stage it corresponds perfectly to the definition of modern economists who call it the power of disposing of the labour-power of others&#8221; (159-60). A few necessary points need to be made. First, in projecting the heterosexual, monogamous, indeed the strangely <em xmlns="">nuclear</em> family structure, Marx and Engels are not describing the early dependence of human society on the power relations contained in the family structure, but rather their own time's simultaneous dependence on the family, <em xmlns="">as well as</em> the dependence on investing that structure with the labels primitive and &#8220;natural.&#8221; The ideology of the family, then, constructs the family as an incredibly old and unchanging set of relationships capable of replication but not alteration, when in fact it is a series of relationships that are modern, rather than ancient. A second point to note is the reflection of slavery within their description of the family. Acknowledging the power that one form of social organization has to reflect in another is useful for understanding the revolutionary potential of the Stedman household. If Marx and Engels' logic is troublesome because it imagines the growing up of slavery from
within the family to a global state of race-based plantation slavery as a modern, &#8220;natural&#8221; outgrowth of the most intimate human relationships, then Stedman's example shows the opposite potential of the domestic as a way to deny race as the primary feature of his son's identity. Instead of calling backward to make the family into an origin, Stedman recognizes the simultaneity of the family and slavery. The importance of the mixed-race Stedman household stems not from any attempt of Stedman to interfere with the system of slavery, which he did not, but rather emerges from Stedman's refusal to let the relations of colonial slavery dictate his relations of domesticity.</p>
<p class=""><strong>22</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Stedman altered the conventions of British society both in his daily life and in his public writings by incorporating new experiences of eighteenth-century life within the familiar narratives. Following his return to Europe, Stedman produced his <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> for print while keeping a journal that records his exceptional family&#8217;s experience in British society. In order to make sense of his time in Surinam, Stedman drew from literary conventions, characters, and narratives to tell his story. His private writings from the same period record his mixed-race, mixed-nationality household from the domestic perspective, depicting both the strained relationship between Stedman's Dutch wife, Adrianna, and Johnny, as well as Stedman&#8217;s emphatic inclusion of Johnny within traditional familial relationships. If Stedman &#8220;re-wrote&#8221; his and Joanna's relationship into the normative codes of domesticity, then his journalistic evidence of an analogous effort to establish Johnny socially within the codes of relation and inheritance tempers the critical assumption that such re-writing is necessarily aligned with a system of colonial domination.<a href="#12">&#160;[12]</a><a name="back12">&#160;</a> Stedman&#8217;s readiness to bend the normative forces of domesticity to include the potential for legitimized inter-racial relationships is a radically destabilizing social scenario. While the racial power dynamics of plantation slavery made Joanna sexually available to Stedman in Surinam, his continual effort to endow their relationship with consent and love in his writings generated cultural tension by denying Joanna's reduction to a sexual commodity. Stedman's &#8220;cleaning up&#8221; of the sexual relations in the colonial system by scripting them within the codes of the British middle class family is then both at
once a problematic erasure of colonial power and a powerful challenge of the homogenous constitution of British society. Stedman's re-writing of Joanna denies her reduction to a sexual commodity, implicitly denying his own association as a white male consumer of subjugated women. The mitigating quality of this particular recorded relationship is that the denial does not transpire in silence as so many others did.</p>
<p class=""><strong>23</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;At the end the five years expedition, Stedman left Joanna and Johnny in Surinam to return to Europe. In the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, Joanna is depicted as having the agency to decide not to return with Stedman &#8220;first from a Consciousness that with propriety she had not the disposal of herself - &amp; Secondly from pride, wishing in her Present Condition Rather to be one of the first amongst her own Class in America, than as she was well Convinced to be the last in Europe at least till such time as fortune should enable me to establish her above dependance&#8221; (1988, 603). The only record of Joanna&#8217;s choice is inundated with Stedman&#8217;s narrative authority, and in itself is at best a compromised version of what grounds their domestic relationship may have entailed. Joanna's choice in this moment signals a much wider comprehension of what her and Stedman's relationship would mean in the wider context of colonization, rather than being limited to the local plantation society. When the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> gives Joanna agency, however, it exonerates Stedman of not only his role as a colonial exploiter of women (Joanna's choice of separation is made on other grounds), but also his abandonment. If the Stedman Archive was limited to the core texts, it would be difficult to argue that Stedman has been judged unfairly as a practitioner of the colonial romance and the mystification that authorship has the power to produce over any scene. By reading this moment in the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> against the wider collection of journals and textual variation in the archive, it becomes clear that their domestic relationship remained in place even while they were separated by vast geographic distance. Following Joanna's death three years later (reputedly by poisoning), Johnny, who had been manumitted before
Stedman&#8217;s return, traveled to Europe to live with his father.<a href="#13">&#160;[13]</a><a name="back13">&#160;</a> The Stedman family in Europe was then composed of Stedman, his Dutch wife Adrianna (whom he married while Joanna was yet alive), and Johnny.</p>
<p class=""><strong>24</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;The relationship between Stedman and Joanna evokes the unequal social agencies produced by colonial slavery between white men and women of color. In <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Ghosts of Slavery</span>, Jenny Sharpe draws on the differences between Stedman&#8217;s <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> and his journal accounts of his time in Surinam to uncover probable moments of agency that Joanna would have had working within the social practice of concubinage in colonial Surinam. In an effort to de-sanctify Stedman&#8217;s account of their relationship, Sharpe emphasizes the removal of any mention of monetary exchange from the public telling of their relationship in the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, even though the negotiation of payment is a process recorded in the comparatively private journal entries. While Stedman made this change in an effort to construct his relationship with Joanna outside of the practice of concubinage and within the normalized conceptions of marriage, Sharpe locates Joanna's not-quite-agency not as the decision-making self control of the liberal subject but rather as a generalized social position experienced by women in bondage in slave society. Rather than privilege the idea of universal womanhood by which Joanna as an individual transcends the larger degraded experience of slavery, Sharpe finds her silenced choice at the moment when her sexual availability becomes a negotiable social relationship through the practice of contractual prostitution. Joanna&#8217;s limited complicity with slave society&#8217;s social practices allows her to partially navigate among sexual relationships (being raped, paid, or consenting to concubinage), but Sharpe reminds us that Joanna&#8217;s choice does not equate to a resistance, for there was no position for refusal (xvii-xviii).</p>
<p class=""><strong>25</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Sharpe argues that Stedman&#8217;s <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> constructs Joanna as an early version of the tragic mulatto figure, fulfilling the social role of wife within the custom of concubinage only until replaced by a white wife in the future. Stedman, notoriously, did precisely this by marrying Adrianna while Joanna was still alive. However, the journal legacy of his later domestic life counters an outright dismissal of Joanna within the narrative and social codes of marriage. The Stedman archive provides a text in which the silence of sexual exploitation is provocatively read, but only with the foreclosure of long-term family relationships. Johnny's inclusion in the multi-national Stedman household reconstitutes the domestic as a location for social change capable of supplementing the prevailing truths of colonial domination.</p>
<p class=""><strong>26</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Accounting for Johnny&#8217;s continued inclusion in the Stedman family draws attention to the changing social disapprobation of inter-racial relationships in Europe over the longer scale of the archive. While Stedman&#8217;s relationship to Johnny is a major focus of the journals, antiquarian Stanbury Thompson editorializes throughout his print edition of these materials to remind the reader of the race difference between them by steadily footnoting Johnny as &#8220;quadroon,&#8221; and leaving him off Stedman&#8217;s family tree at the opening of the book.<a href="#14">&#160;[14]</a><a name="back14">&#160;</a> Thompson's alterations produce a distinction in the Stedman household based on race, which the journals themselves steadily refute.</p>
<p class=""><strong>27</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Taken together, Sharpe and Thompson's usage of the journals illustrate two key interpretive assumptions. First, since the journals are more record-like than the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, they are assumed to contain more truth than Stedman's other writings. Their authenticity becomes revelatory particularly in the case when they record the monetary negotiations of his relationship with Joanna which are entirely written out of the sentimentalized version found in the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>. For criticism attentive to this discrepancy, their relationship becomes an exchange of prostitution in the last resort. Extending the emphasis placed on the journal as the record of a hidden, private reality, Stedman's depiction of his relationship with Johnny in the journals should be judged on the same grounds. Second, Thompson's editorialization represents a lingering critical and social uneasiness surrounding Stedman's relationship with both Joanna and Johnny, as well as racial integration in general. Linebaugh and Rediker's uneasy dependence on Stedman's text (Stedman being an enemy of the commons revolution) and Sharpe's adamant emphasis on his complicity with gendered colonial power relations define important ways that Stedman's subject position is shot-through with condemnable affiliations. In spite of this, Stedman's subsequent writings continue to transmit a fundamental disconnection from the colonial dominant subjectivity. Though Johnny's origins are troublesome to contemporary critical assessment, his role within society resulting from his inclusion within the domestic relationships of Stedman's family remains resoundingly opposite to that of the majority of social relations between white male and enslaved females. Rather than accept the convoluted logic of the slave system, Stedman instead chose the domestic as the major narrative for his
relationship with his son.</p>
<p class=""><strong>28</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Stedman&#8217;s journal reveals to us that Johnny&#8217;s life was one filled with school, tutors, trips to the local fair, and practical jokes. There is also an unmistakable tension between Johnny and his stepmother, and there are many entries in which Stedman defends Johnny from her anger or sends him out of the house. The following series of relevant entries from 1784 through the New Year narrate the difficult navigation of Johnny&#8217;s role in the Stedman family following the birth of Stedman and Adrianna&#8217;s first child together:</p>
<div class="blockquote">Nov. 27 My Johnny was today 10 years old.</div>
<div class="blockquote">Dec. 2 The Insurance Society meet now. At 4 this morning am hurried out of doors for a midwife, Mrs. Macaulay &amp;c., and at 2 at noon, after 12 hours labour, <em xmlns="">my Dear</em> was delivered of a beautiful strong healthy boy which crowns my happiness.<br/>
Dec. 3 I write to Wierts, Heemskirk, and Blanc. Today poor Johnny swallowed a large pin, about 1 &#189; inches in length, and was not ill.</div>
<div class="blockquote">Dec. 9 Johnny is now exceedingly bad. I go at 12 at night for a surgeon, who bleeds him immediately, and orders him a physick. I now thought he was dying, but thank God he recovered and got well.</div>
<div class="blockquote">Dec. 19 My family exceedingly distressed indeed, Mrs. Stedman and infant very weak, Johnny bedfast with a pain in his bowels, the nurse a violent pain in her back, and myself tortured with a sore arm [from falling while ice skating].</div>
<div class="blockquote">Dec. 20. Our lottery ticket out a blank.</div>
<div class="blockquote">January 1st 1785. Johnny now made George, his brother, a present of half a crown; which he put in his hand and bid him remember this was the first money he had ever received in his life. I give Palmer a present of a guinea. I receive a letter from Johnson [his editor]. This evening, about 5 o'clock, was baptized by the name of George William, my youngest son, by Mr. Cambridge, curate of Portland chapel, in our lodgings....<br/>
Jan. 3. I draw &#163;12. Johnny quite recovered..... (<span xmlns="" class="titlem">Journal</span> 246-8)<a href="#15">&#160;[15]</a><a name="back15">&#160;</a></div>
<p class=""><strong>29</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Stedman's journals mix a day to day record of household expenses with short descriptions of the events transpiring in his family's life. This section, narrowed down to a sequence of events that links the birth of Stedman and Adrianna's first child together with a series of painful illnesses, offers a compelling opportunity to speculate on how the material could take shape if it were re-written as narrative in the Stedman Archive. Beryl Gilroy draws from this material twice as she adds Stedman's post-Surinam life as context for her interpretation of his relationship with Joanna, using both Johnny's gift to George and his swallowing of the pin to locate him in the household. Gilroy disassociates the two moments into isolated events, rather than narrate their unfolding as an intertwined sequence of events (171-2). Taken as a linear sequence, these journal entries depict the destabilizing threat that the birth of George represented to Johnny's role in the household. Stedman's first socially legitimized (in wedlock and in race) son arrives to much fanfare. Johnny swallows a large pin, and whether intentionally or not, is forced back into the household's attention, even if it is a negative attention. Johnny's gesture toward George, along with Stedman's insistence on their brotherhood, navigates the domestic crisis; Johnny's gift of money symbolically negates the race relations of the larger capital system, rendering Johnny both a position of agency in economic exchange, and a recognized location within the Stedman household's relations of reproduction.</p>
<p class=""><strong>30</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;If the Stedman household acted as a space for a different system of relationships than those typically resulting from colonialism, the journals also suggest Stedman's continuing concern over British society's acceptance of racialized violence. Stedman records on Febuary 10th, 1785 that one &#8220;Capt. Kenneth Mackenzie [was] reprieved from being hanged, for killing a man on the coast of Africa, by blowing him off from the mouth of a cannon&#8221; (<span xmlns="" class="titlem">Journal</span> 251). Five years later, at fifteen, Johnny went before the mast, making two voyages to the West Indies. During his last (and fifth total) voyage, Johnny died off the coast of Jamaica; the only direct record of Stedman's response remains a letter to his brother, William George, while in Holland. Stedman clearly expected a juridical investigation into Johnny's death: &#8220;There being but two men with him at the time, they are, by all, suspected guilty of his death, and now upon their trial in London before Sir Sampson Wright&#8221;(Thompson 65). In crafting his biography of Stedman, Thompson researched English court records, but was unable to locate any judicial proceedings in Johnny's case.</p>
<p class=""><strong>31</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;If Stedman lacked a legal resolution in the death of his son, his <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> provided him a public forum for representing its meaning. Stedman's journals from the time of this letter are missing, but his effort to memorialize Johnny results in an essential variation between the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>'s first edition and the Prices' revised manuscript edition. Critics and readers now encounter Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> through the Prices' edition, which consistently allows Stedman's original authorial intent to separate himself from prevailing cultural biases toward race and slavery. And yet, by reverting to the 1790 manuscript, the Prices&#8217; edition significantly alters the legacy of Johnny Stedman. Johnny's death off the coast of Jamaica was marked in the first print edition by the inclusion of "An Elegy on My Sailor" as the conclusion of the text. Reverting, in this case, removes an update which likely had Stedman&#8217;s support, and which stressed the legacy of race in Stedman&#8217;s re-writing of his time in Surinam. In this sense, the Prices&#8217; excellent edition, responsible for recalling Stedman's reputation from the pro-slavery editorialization of the 1796 edition, also edits the legacy of Johnny and the text via the absence of the elegy.<a href="#16">&#160;[16]</a><a name="back16">&#160;</a><br/>
While the two endings follow a similar trajectory, the difference between the final images oscillate between a hopeful endorsement of colonial Britain (both in the <em xmlns="">1790</em> manuscript and the Prices' 1988 edition based on the manuscript) and a tragic foreclosure of Stedman's happiness resulting from continued colonial activity (the first and subsequent print editions until 1988). Both endings record the news of Joanna's death by poison, and Johnny's removal to Europe to be with his father. The manuscript account carefully includes Stedman's marriage to Adrianna as a response to this news: &#8220;now a young Lady whom I thought nearest Approach'd to her [Joanna] in every Virtue help'd to Support my Grief by becoming my Other Partner.... I Sought no other Fortune &amp; with this Amiable new Companion &amp; my boy, whom she tenderly Loves, I peacably Retired to the Fruitful Country of <em xmlns="">devon</em> in England...&#8221; (1988, 625). While Stedman had married Adrianna before this news, his effort to construct the sequence of events according to a proper narrative furthers his project of legitimizing his relationship with Joanna and Johnny within the parameters of traditional domestic relations. Adrianna is directly compared to Joanna in virtue, contrary to Sharpe's description of concubinage as a scenario wherein women of color hold the place which will be occupied by a proper white woman in the future.</p>
<p class=""><strong>32</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;The manuscript version offers continuity between Stedman's two families, and continues by briefly narrating a scene of domestic bliss in which Johnny is saved by way of his position within the family. Thinking he had already had the smallpox, Johnny gets inoculated with the rest of the family &#8220;only to encourage his Brother,&#8221; but becomes unexpectedly ill with the rest of the family, having only had the waterpox before. A brief anecdote, Stedman nevertheless uses the concept of inoculation to present Johnny as a fellow sufferer in the family's precautions rather than an &#8220;immune&#8221; inhabitant of the West Indies. After briefly relating Johnny's later service to &#8220;the Kingdom of Great Britain&#8221; in the merchant fleet and navy, Stedman closes his manuscript with a depiction of Britain's future: &#8220;While, long, long, may you live &amp; be happy in the Bless'd Island, accumulating wealth with honor &amp; Surrounded with victory, till the Lowest subject amongst you shall have Ascended to the highest pinnacle of unfading Glory -- Finis&#8221; (1988, 626). In relation to the long description of Stedman's own service in the colonies, the insularity of this last line rings at least somewhat ironic. Offering a vision which places the colonial center at the pinnacle of glory, Stedman bases that vision on an advancement of the &#8220;lowest subject.&#8221; Taking Stedman's own household as the benchmark of this accumulated glory, the colonial power's ascendancy is predicated on Johnny's happy inclusion in the domestic realm.</p>
<p class=""><strong>33</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;The 1796 edition follows the news of Joanna's death not with a transition to Stedman's integrated family, but instead turns quickly to Johnny's death and elegy. The exclusion of social integration serves to demarcate Johnny firmly within the realm of the colonial periphery, rather than acknowledge his position within British society or the domestic sphere. Yet while the conservative first edition forecloses both the acknowledgment and acceptance of Johnny within British society, it also emphasizes the importance of Stedman's relationship to his son and Joanna. Markedly, the elegy allows Stedman to describe the domestic unity with Joanna displaced by his return to Europe:</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<div class="stanza">
<div class="l">Yet one small comfort soothes (while doom'd to part,</div>
<div class="l">Dear gallant youth!) thy parent's broken heart;</div>
<div class="l">No more thy tender frame, thy blooming age,</div>
<div class="l">Shall be the sport of Ocean's turb'lent rage:</div>
<div class="l">No more thy <em xmlns="">olive</em> beauties on the waves</div>
<div class="l">Shall be the scorn of some European slaves;</div>
<div class="l">Whose optics, blind to merit, ne'er could spy</div>
<div class="l">That sterling worth could bloom beneath a western sky. (2: 403)</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class=""><strong>34</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;The departed Johnny's body, poetically praised for its "blooming age" and "olive-beauty," offsets the two lines containing the "rage" of the ocean and the "scorn" of European racial biases. The evidence for Stedman's alternate understanding of the world &#8211; a different sort of "optics" in the poem's terminology -- is contained in the poem's logical inversion of the colonizers as "European slaves." In 1792, at the time of his son's death, Stedman viewed the world quite differently than the way enshrined in the ending of the 1790 manuscript.</p>
<p class=""><strong>35</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;The belief that Stedman had found a space for Johnny within British society at the apex of colonialism is displaced by the material (and racial) poetics of the elegy. He could look at his son and see both himself and the "sterling" worth of life that the economic drive to accumulate guineas made invisible. The elegy concludes with an image that completes the exclusion of Stedman's Surinam family from the domestic space of the British nation, but in so doing emphasizes the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>'s purpose in describing the familial-social aspect of his time in Surinam:</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<div class="stanza">
<div class="l">Fly, gentle shade &#8211; fly to that blest abode,</div>
<div class="l">There view they <em xmlns="">mother</em> &#8211; and adore thy GOD:</div>
<div class="l">There, Oh! My Boy!--- on that celestial shore,</div>
<div class="l">Oh! May we gladly meet-and part no more!!!</div>
<div class="l">A Parent. (2: 403)</div>
</div>
</div>
Rather than the long-term accumulation of wealth, Stedman's 1796 ending subverts his return to Europe by imagining the heavenly reunion with Joanna and Johnny. The foreclosure of racial mixture within British society is only enacted through the emphatic presentation of Stedman's inter-racial family in heaven, and the erasure of Adrianna and the other children from the account.
<p class=""><strong>36</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Though Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> reached a wide audience, appearing in multiple editions and languages, the revolutionary domestic relationship between Stedman and his son found another, spontaneous vector of dissemination among the larger culture. Forms of popular publication including periodicals and epistolary sample books gave Stedman&#8217;s writings a perpetual access to the household ramparts of British middle-class ideology. Stedman composed a letter to his son intending it as a portion of Johnny&#8217;s inheritance to be delivered after the elder Stedman's death. A journal entry from January 14, 1787 reports that Stedman showed the letter to Johnny once, before sealing it up with several important documents, including Johnny&#8217;s manumission certificate, baptism record, and other legal detritus from the Surinam court. Following Johnny's death off the coast of Jamaica, this letter found its way into print, receiving sustained republication (sometimes sourced, other times not) as an example of the highest sentiment of the father-son relationship.</p>
<p class=""><strong>37</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;For the many editors of the various publications which reprinted Stedman&#8217;s letter to Johnny as an example of the epistolary art, the prevailing trend was to reprint it without too much bother about either the stability of the text or its original context. While these eighteenth and nineteenth-century editors typically maintain Stedman's name, the re-printings (other than <span xmlns="" class="titlej">The Weekly Entertainer</span>) lack any mention of a race context, and instead slip into the naturalizing assumption that the sentiment of the father-son relationship on display is as socially typical as it is well expressed. By this assumption, the colonial context of Stedman and Johnny&#8217;s relationship is forgotten, consummating the inclusion of the legacy of colonial race relations within the domestic codes of British middle-class ideology. While the meaning of race for the readers of this letter is not directly challenged, this nevertheless represents how an unmarked and subtle counter-example to the hegemony of an assumed British homogeneity came to be absorbed within the boundaries of normalcy.</p>
<p class=""><strong>38</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;The letter reached print twice before coming to Stedman&#8217;s attention. The first printing, in <span xmlns="" class="titlej">Gentleman&#8217;s Magazine</span> (Sept 1793) is typical of later printings; the brief introduction lacks any specification of race, focusing instead on the context of Stedman&#8217;s military gentility and recovery from illness. (Many subsequent letters would get even this fact wrong, presuming Stedman to have died before his son, further naturalizing the letter into presumptions about genealogy and descent.) The publishing history of the letter continues in <span xmlns="" class="titlej">The Weekly Entertainer</span>, the only printing accompanied by an introduction from Johnny&#8217;s tutor which specifically polices race by marking Stedman&#8217;s son as &#8220;mulatto.&#8221; By 1796, the letter appeared three more times, in <span xmlns="" class="titlej">The Correspondent</span> as a reprint from <span xmlns="" class="titlej">The European Magazine</span> (April, 1795), and also in <span xmlns="" class="titlej">Town and Country Magazine</span> (July 1795). Following this spate of publication, the letter circulates well into the nineteenth century, appearing in the <span xmlns="" class="titlej">Journal of Health Conducted by an Association of Physicians</span> (Feb 1833), the <span xmlns="" class="titlej">Parlor Letter Writer, and Secretary&#8217;s Assistant</span> (1845), and the <span xmlns="" class="titlej">American Fashionable Letter Writer</span> as late as 1850. These many printings attest to the popularity of the letter&#8217;s sentiment, and unlike the legal documents of emancipation it was once sealed with, Stedman&#8217;s letter records and transmits a version of history that willingly inverts and forgets the racial hierarchies of his time. The letter took on a life of its own, but it also marks a propagation of sentiment between Stedman and his
son.</p>
<p class=""><strong>39</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Knowing the historical specificity of the circumstances of its composition allows current readers to understand the truly provocative nature of the letter, and the extent to which Stedman&#8217;s writing inverts the hierarchies of racism within its message. Stedman implores Johnny: &#8220;love Mrs. Stedman [his step-mother] and her little children from your heart&#8230; thou are a brother to her helpless little ones&#8221;. The letter imagines a unity of Stedman&#8217;s British household on earth, but the story is different in heaven, recalling the elegy's ending of the <em xmlns="">1796</em> edition. Stedman writes that he and Johnny might, &#8220;together with your beloved Mother my Dear Johanna - have a chance once more to meet where in the presence of our Heavenly Benefactor - our Joy - and Happiness shall be Eternal and Compleat&#8221; (January 14, 1787). Stedman&#8217;s heavenly family, then, is once again his Surinam family. Without the colonial specificity, this sentiment of reunion operates within the context of a heavenly reward, and within the traditional narrative structures of the domestic sphere. Stedman&#8217;s imaginative effort to value his relationship with Joanna inverts the hierarchies of race on which his contemporary world depended. This sentiment disseminated throughout culture at large, spreading the inversion of black and white wives to an unknowingly accepting public.</p>
</div>
<div class="teidiv1" id="body.1_div.1_div.4">
<h4 align="center">Conclusion: An Economy of Character.</h4>
<p class=""><strong>40</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Stedman's pen sent the message that he considered his relationships with Joanna and Johnny to be equitable and meaningful within the social patterns of his contemporaneous culture. Whether through editorial distortion, free appropriation to other ends, or strategic re-tellings, Stedman's record of inter-racial relationships has proven invaluable to studies of colonialism. The line between public and private writing has dimmed as authors and critics return to previously unpublished material for analysis, but the archive itself illustrates that the instability of authorial intent is a vital characteristic of circulating knowledge. Stedman's influence on Blake does more than connect the legacy of Akan speaking peoples of Africa to a radical poetics distributed to British culture. Tracking the circulation of revolutionary ideas fundamentally destabilizes authorship, and the notions of identity and ownership associated with it. Between Stedman, Blake, the sundry editors who either mediated or appropriated Stedman's writings over more than two centuries, critics, and contemporary writers who re-tell his story, treating Stedman as the sole authorial agency at work in constructing the material in the archive would be to ignore the web of social connections also at work contributing to the text's meaning over time.</p>
<p class=""><strong>41</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Many agencies have supported the distribution of Stedman's writings, with various ideological reasons for doing so. The original imperialist perspective of an account of life in the colonies (emphasized by Johnson in the first edition) is never isolated from the domestic sentiment of the archive highlighted by the fashionable magazines, nor from the nineteenth-century abolitionist attraction to Joanna's domesticity in Lydia Maria Child's re-production of the family elements of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> in her gift-book <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Oasis</span>, nor Beryl Gilroy's post-colonial incorporation of Stedman's early and later life in her retelling of their story in <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Stedman and Joanna - A Love in Bondage</span>.</p>
<p class=""><strong>42</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;As a publicly traded (and supplemented or de-historicized) text, the Stedman archive brings to attention the transformation of Stedman from author to character. Deidre Lynch's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Economy of Character</span> identifies fictions of social circulation as a key component of mass British culture's literary self-fashioning in the eighteenth century. From the familiar narratives of items (most often money) circulating in society and tales of social pretension such as Henry Fielding's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Tom Jones</span> or Tobias Smollett's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Roderick Random</span>, Lynch identifies the key binary between sameness and singularity underlying the social function offered by fictions of circulation. The difference of character is between the uniqueness of the &#8220;bland handsomeness&#8221; of the generalized, exchangeable gentleman (even on the face of the coin) and the uniqueness of everyone else. Marking both the &#8220;high&#8221; and the &#8220;low&#8221; of society, the difference &#8220;between those qualified to observe and those who are objects of others' observation&#8221; in these stories of circulation, Lynch's critique of character identifies the social use such narratives had for rendering society as an economically comprehensible whole (82). Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, and hence the archive, begins with a determined self-fashioning by way of direct references to Jones and Random. If these characters allude to the cultural picaresque narrative which Lynch describes as the accumulation of experience in preparation for the attainment of the privileged social position of the gentleman, they also mark Stedman's own incomplete inhabitation of the dominant male-imperial perspective. Unlike Jones and Random, Stedman does not only accumulate social experience or wealth, he accumulates intimate
domestic relationships. As a result, the Stedman archive represents an effort to define character at odds with the logics of capital exchange &#8211; a character that circulates, rather than accumulates, knowledge.<a href="#17">&#160;[17]</a><a name="back17">&#160;</a></p>
<p class=""><strong>43</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Standing at the edge of his own transmogrification from an author to a character, Stedman defines himself through the complex idea of singularity. Singularity is unlike the uniqueness deployed in Lynch's analysis. For her model, uniqueness polices the boundary between the category of the exchangeable, bland gentleman-observer who does not bear the weight of having a distinct identity (and therefore being unmarked as an &#8220;other&#8221; from the colonial perspective) and everyone else who has been isolated from power by their uniqueness not as a category, but as a subject of the capitalist-male-imperial-gaze. Stedman's singularity is not an isolating adjective, though it is limiting. The phrase &#8220;studying to be singular&#8221; originates in Stedman&#8217;s journal entry from November 29, 1785. The Prices use Stedman&#8217;s phrase in their introduction when introducing his character, and focus on the portion of the entry that is self-reflective. The following is the whole entry, produced as a conglomeration of the original format and spelling of the diary, and the Prices&#8217; {entry}, whose glosses appear in [brackets]:</p>
<div class="blockquote">I again dine with Smale - and write to Watson with sarge samples - I call on Capt. Farguson. What is remarkable is that {in all places I have been beloved by the inhabitants when known but at first cald mad in Scotland, mased [confused] in England, fou [crazy] by the namurois [Belgians], gek or dol [crazy or mad] by the Duch, and law [Sranan for insane] by the negros in Surinam, owing intirely to my studying to be singular in as much as can be so} - Ma family consists of 4 people only, yet four different nations viz Scotch &#8211; Dutch &#8211; English - and American, who speak no less than 6 different languages --- The people in Devonshire never Swear, nor have I heard one speak ill of another during almost 9 months I have lived in it. (November 29 1785)</div>
Stedman&#8217;s singularity is, in the Prices&#8217; quote, a method by which Stedman has recursively become known and accepted by various cultural groups, in spite of his initial strangeness. The context for this process is also important. The everyday matter which precedes Stedman&#8217;s contemplation is typical for other entries in the journal, insomuch as they record day to day events and accounting tables. Whatever caused Stedman to record this reflection, whether linked to his visits or letter writing or no, is not specified. Importantly, though, his thoughts on &#8220;being singular&#8221; are not limited to his own character, but also extend to his family. The four people mentioned are Stedman and Adrianna, his second son, George William, and Johnny. The final line completes the thought; Stedman&#8217;s family have been in Devonshire for nearly a year, and have grown used to their English neighbors. Presumably, the mased, or confused, perception of the Stedmans is wearing off.
<p class=""><strong>44</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;According to Samuel Johnson&#8217;s dictionary from 1785, there were two main meanings of &#8220;singular&#8221; in common use when describing a person&#8217;s character or an event. While in a strict sense singular can mean "Alone; that of which there is but one," this falls short of the way in which Stedman uses the term. The second definition in use is more apt: "Having something not common to others.&#8221; Johnson&#8217;s definition goes further to say that singular &#8220;is commonly used in a sense of disapprobation, whether applied to persons or things,&#8221; yet also provides a usage example from the Archbishop John Tillotson contradictory to this assertion: &#8220;It is very commendable to be singular in any excellency, and religion is the greatest excellency: to be singular in any thing that is wise and worthy is not a disparagement, but a praise.&#8221; Being singular, then, is a way to name a certain deviation from what is expected as normal. As a marker of behavior or thinking that is atypical of a prevailing expectation of eighteenth-century colonial ideology, being singular is officially inflected as a negative appellation, yet qualified in certain cases that are deemed &#8220;wise and worthy.&#8221; Perhaps the most startling revelation of this thought is the alteration of the notion of the &#8220;common.&#8221; Rather than reference the system of social organization by which a group of people share either material or land wealth, or even band together in common for political protection as is the case for Lockeian notions of private property protected through social association, the common has already at this early stage stabilized linguistically as commonly held perceptions of the world, including commonly held notions of race.</p>
<p class=""><strong>45</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Stedman&#8217;s singularity is not a case of exerting his unique personality as an individual, but rather is a technique that willingly asserts that things marked as socially disreputable can be reinvested with a positive regard. Both in his <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> manuscript and elsewhere in his writings, Stedman conjures the title characters of Henry Fielding&#8217;s <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Tom Jones</span> and Tobias Smollet&#8217;s <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Roderick Random</span> as models for his own behavior. By studying other &#8220;singular&#8221; characters, Stedman illustrates the reproducibility of his own particular world view as well as the potential of published material to spread ideas. Stedman employs them as examples that foreground his own rewriting of his colonial experience. While being singular often manifests as a sexual licentiousness with women of all races, or the propensity to get drunk and fistfight, Stedman also is &#8220;singular&#8221; in more ways than those which re-value rowdy behavior. Whereas Roderick Random, for example, will eventually rely on the rags-to-riches narrative when his long lost father re-enters his life with a fortune made via colonial slavery, Stedman instead uses his singular character to exceed the normal forms of colonial relations. In numerous instances, Stedman engages with enslaved members of Surinam society on equal footing. He takes their advice on how to survive and prevent the diseases which devastate the other colonial troops, settles disputes with those under his military command on equal footing with his white subordinates, and eventually uses his singularity of character to stabilize the atypical makeup of his family in later life.</p>
<p class=""><strong>46</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;By linking his own character with Roderick Random and Tom Jones, Stedman also intended to recode their characters within his own project of revaluing race and familial relationships in his <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>. Stedman relates how many of his messmates rebuke him for his attempt to secure the freedom of his son, Johnny: &#8220;Do as we do / say&#8217;d they / Stedman and never fear, if our Children are Slaves they are provided for, and if they die&#8230; may they be damn&#8217;d into the bargain, thus keep your Sighs in your Belly, and your Money in your Pocket my Boy&#8221; (1988 289). Stedman is incensed at this sentiment, and accordingly relates a sympathetic, non-military audience shortly thereafter. A few days pass, wherein Stedman gains the assurance of assistance in buying Johnny's manumission from Mr. De Graav, who attains guardianship over the plantation held in absentee which claimed both Joanna and Johnny. Stedman relates that:</p>
<div class="blockquote">The weight of a Millstone was removed from my labouring breast&#8230; Soon after this I was surrounded by several Gentlemen, and Ladies, / to whom my friend had Communicated this very romantic adventure/ Some of whom pleased to Call me <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Tom Jones</span>, and the others <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Roderick Random</span>-They all congratulated me on my Sensibility, and my having met with so valuable an Acquaintance, all seem'd to partake in the pleasure that I now felt. (1988 291)</div>
In the edited first edition of 1796, the passage remains, but the literary allusion is expunged. Stedman&#8217;s original choice to anchor this event around popular literary characters indicates the extent to which literary production could spread such atypical and incendiary stances. By associating Jones and Random to the sentiment generated by the promise of attaining freedom for his son, Stedman&#8217;s rhetorical strategy attempts to generate an audience both in his text and in the larger literary print sphere. By removing the reference to Jones and Random, the editor of the 1796 edition isolated Stedman&#8217;s sentiments in his own text. Yet within the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span>, this instance nevertheless produces the re-coding of literary techniques- adventure and romance - across cultural lines of taboo, extending the approval of the &#8220;gentlemen and ladies&#8221; of polite society to the circumstances of his inter-racial relationship. If the removal of such references to popular literary characters stymied the connections Stedman tried to construct between his own singular experience and the larger cultural examples available in the print sphere, other forms of popular publication such as periodicals and epistolary sample books gave Stedman&#8217;s writings a perpetual access to the household ramparts of British middle-class ideology.
<p class=""><strong>47</strong>.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;The reproducibility of Stedman as a character in the larger archive maintains an important symbolic link to the revolutionary domestic space that the Stedman household created in British society. While each retelling of the story resurrects his character in the hands of a new author, the likeness of character between Stedman and Johnny exemplifies the concept of singularity. Quite aside from the confusion of having two &#8220;characters&#8221; with the same name, the reproduction of the father in the son becomes the condition by which Stedman is lastingly disassociated from the colonial perspective while in Surinam and onward for the remainder of his life. The domestic is no longer the space for the continuance of Marx and Engels' understanding of slavery (through gender, race, or class) but rather becomes the space through which the father is re-produced as a singular subject alongside of and in relation to people alive in the Atlantic world.</p>
</div>
<div class="citations" id="body.1_div.1_div.5">
<h4 align="center">Works Cited</h4>
<div type="listBibl">
<p class="hang">Allewart, M. "Swamp Sublime: Ecologies of Resistance in the American Plantation Zone." <span xmlns="" class="titlej">PMLA</span> 1232 (2008): 340-357. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Child, Lydia Maria, ed. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Oasis</span>. Boston: Benjamin C. Bacon, 1834. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">---, ed. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative of Joanna; an Emancipated Slave, of Surinam</span>. Boston: Isaac Knapp, 1838. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Gilroy, Beryl. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Stedman and Joanna &#8211; A Love in Bondage: Dedicated Love in the Eighteenth Century</span>. New York: Vantage P, 1991. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Gwilliam, Tassie. "'Scenes of Horror,' Scenes of Sensibility: Sentimentality and Slavery in John Gabriel Stedman's <em xmlns="">Narrative of a Five Years' Expedition Against the Revolted Negroes of Surinam</em>." <span xmlns="" class="titlem">English Literary History</span>. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1998. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Johnson, Samuel. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">A Dictionary of the English Language: in Which the Words are Deduced From Their Originals, and Illustrated in their Different Significations by Examples from the Best Writers</span>. 6th ed. 2 vols. London: [n.p.], 1785. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Lynch, Deidre S. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Economy of Character: Novels, Market Culture, and the Business of Inner Meaning</span>. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1998. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Linebaugh, Peter, and Marcus Rediker. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Many-Headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves, Commoners, andthe Hidden History of the Revolutionary Atlantic</span>. Boston: Beacon Press, 2000. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Marx, Karl, and Frederick Engels. "The German Ideology." <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Marx-Engels Reader</span>. 2nd ed. Ed. Robert C Tucker. New York: Norton, 1978. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Pratt, Mary L. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation</span>. London: Routledge, 1992. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Price, Richard, and Sally Price. "Introduction." <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative of a Five Years Expedition against the Revolted Negroes of Surinam By John Gabriel Stedman</span>. Ed. Richard Price and Sally Price. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1988. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Rediker, Marcus. "The Red Atlantic; or, 'a terrible blast swept over the heaving sea'." <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Sea Changes: Historicizing the Ocean</span>. Ed. Bernhard Klein and Gesa Mackenthun. New York: Routledge, 2004. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Sharpe, Jenny. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Ghosts of Slavery: A Literary Archaeology of Black Women's Lives</span>. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2003. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Sollors, Werner. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Neither Black Nor White Yet Both: Thematic Explorations of Interracial Literature</span>. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1997. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Stedman, John Gabriel. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Journal of John Gabriel Stedman, 1744-1797, Soldier and Author, Including an Authentic Account of his Expedition to Surinam, in 1772</span>. Ed. Stanbury Thompson. London: Mitre Press, 1962. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative of a Five Years' Expedition Against the Revolted Negroes of Surinam</span>. 2 vols. London: J. Johnson and J. Edwards, 1796. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative of a Five Years Expedition Against the Revolted Negroes of Surinam</span>. Ed. Richard Price and Sally Price. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1998. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Stedman's Surinam: Life in an Eighteenth-Century Slave Society: An abridged, Modernized Edition of Narrative of a Five Years Expedition Against the Revolted Negroes of Surinam</span>. Ed. Richard Price and Sally Price. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1992. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Thompson, Stanbury. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">John Gabriel Stedman: A Study of His Life and Times</span>. Stapleford, Notts: Thompson &amp; Co, 1966. Print.</p>
<p class="hang">Wood, Marcus. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Slavery, Empathy, and Pornography</span>. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2002. Print.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="notes">
<div class="noteHeading">
<h3>Notes</h3>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="1">[1]</a> To add to this confusion, the Prices' restored text exists in both a full transcription complete with original orthography and spellings (1988) and a modernized, abbreviated version (1992). <a href="#back1">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="2">[2]</a> I would like to especially thank Dr. Marguerite Ragnow and the James Ford Bell Library for assistance with the manuscript materials for this purpose. Quotations from Stedman's journals drawn from Thompson have been compared to the original collection, <span xmlns="" class="titlem">John Gabriel Stedman, Journal, diaries, and other papers, 1772-1796</span>, James Ford Bell Library 1772oSt. <a href="#back2">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="3">[3]</a> See the Prices' introduction to the 1988 manuscript edition, (lxxii-lxxxiii). <a href="#back3">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="4">[4]</a> See Mary Louise Pratt (travelogue), Peter Linebaugh and Marcus Rediker (vector of revolutionary knowledge), Jenny Sharpe (hidden history of women in slavery), and Marcus Wood (colonial pornography). <a href="#back4">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="5">[5]</a> The Prices' introduction discusses the Stedman / Blake interplay (xxxix). <a href="#back5">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="6">[6]</a> Gift-books were a popular form of publishing in the mid-nineteenth century. <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Oasis</span> was well received as the first abolitionist gift-book, but its sales disappointed Child, who had the volume published at her own expense. The more successful abolitionist gift-book <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Liberty Bell</span>, edited by Maria Chapman and published for several consecutive years, was printed more modestly, was funded by donation, and sold at anti-slavery bazaars. Child's involvement with the later <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Liberty Bell</span> includes the stories "The Quadroons," "Slavery's Pleasant Homes," and "The Emancipated Slaveholders," among others. For more on Child's involvement with abolitionist gift-books, see Carolyn Karcher's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The First Woman in the Republic</span> (208-9), Valery Levy's "Lydia Maria Child and the Abolitionist Gift-Book Market" in <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Popular Nineteenth-Century American Women</span>, and Ralph Thompson's "The <em xmlns="">Liberty Bell</em> and Other Anti-Slavery Gift-Books" in <span xmlns="" class="titlej">The New England Quarterly</span> 7 (March 1934). <a href="#back6">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="7">[7]</a> Although Sharpe's reservations concerning the unintentional effects of Child's depiction of Joanna are essential for understanding the dangers of focusing on Stedman and Joanna's domesticity, Sharpe is too quick to condemn Child as complicit with the race prejudices of her time. Speaking directly to her period's intense and violent response to inter-racial marriage, Child quips ironically to reassure her readers that &#8220;should any fastidious readers be alarmed, I beg leave to assure them that the Abolitionists have no wish to induce any one to marry a mulatto, even should their lives be saved by such an one ten times&#8221; (<span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Oasis</span>, 65). Sharpe represents this chiding comment from a writer who would serially forefront inter-racial marriage as a path to overcoming society's antagonistic relationships as a straight description of her beliefs concerning race and marriage. <a href="#back7">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="8">[8]</a></p>
<div xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" align="center" class="figure"><a href="/sites/default/files/imported/praxis/circulations/images/Joanna_Stedmans_Narrative.jpg"><img src="/sites/default/files/imported/praxis/circulations/images/Joanna_Stedmans_NarrativeThumb.jpg" width="400" alt=""/></a>
<p class="caption"><strong>Figure 1:</strong> From Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative of a Five Years' Expedition Against the Revolted Negroes of Surinam</span> (London, J. Johnson and J. Edwards, 1796). Reproduced with the permission of Rare Books and Manuscripts, Special Collections Library, the Pennsylvania State University Libraries.</p>
</div>
<div xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" align="center" class="figure"><a href="/sites/default/files/imported/praxis/circulations/images/Joanna_The_Oasis.jpg"><img src="/sites/default/files/imported/praxis/circulations/images/Joanna_The_OasisThumb.jpg" width="400" alt=""/></a>
<p class="caption"><strong>Figure 2:</strong> From Lydia Maria Child's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Oasis</span> (Boston, Benjamin C. Bacon, 1834). Reproduced with the permission of Rare Books and Manuscripts, Special Collections Library, the Pennsylvania State University Libraries.</p>
</div>
<a href="#back8">BACK</a></div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="9">[9]</a> Marcus Wood considers the pornographic content of the <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> at length in relation to eighteenth-century ideas of empathy. <a href="#back9">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="10">[10]</a> Although other new images depicting Stedman, Joanna, and Johnny together accompany the text in both its publication in <span xmlns="" class="titlem">The Oasis</span>, and then later as a stand alone copy <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative of Joanna; an Emancipated Slave of Surinam</span>, the empasis remains on her domesticity and female propriety. <a href="#back10">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="11">[11]</a></p>
<div xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" align="center" class="figure"><a href="/sites/default/files/imported/praxis/circulations/images/gilroy-stedman_joanna.jpg"><img src="/sites/default/files/imported/praxis/circulations/images/gilroy-stedman_joannaThumb.jpg" width="400" alt=""/></a>
<p class="caption"><strong>Figure 2:</strong> Jacket illustration for Beryl Gilroy's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Stedman and Joanna &#8211; A Love in Bondage: Dedicated Love in the Eighteenth Century</span> (New York: Vantage Press, 1991). Used with permission.</p>
</div>
<a href="#back11">BACK</a></div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="12">[12]</a> Moreover, Tassie Gwilliam has analyzed a similar "seepage" between Stedman's literary construction of Joanna in terms of sentimentality and the ongoing violence of slavery: "While Stedman intermittently represses the evidence of Joanna's incorporation in slave society in order to define her as an interlude or a relief from torture for the reader and narrator, the seepage from the surrounding text undermines his efforts, and in fact, many of his effects depend precisely on her endangered status. The sentimentalized description of Joanna that Stedman produces, with its dematerialized eroticism, cannot entirely be divorced from the horrifyingly mutilated bodies that people the text" (655). <a href="#back12">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="13">[13]</a> Jenny Sharpe offers an interpretation of Johnny&#8217;s manumission. Interpreting the alteration between the diary and <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> version of the events surrounding Joanna&#8217;s continued bondage, Johnny&#8217;s manumission, and Stedman&#8217;s return to Europe, Sharpe observes that Joanna&#8217;s agency in the scenario likely opened the way for her son&#8217;s freedom as much or more than Stedman&#8217;s efforts and finances would allow (75-77). <a href="#back13">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="14">[14]</a> For example, from Thompson's edition of Stedman's journal: "Francis Gloyns was the tutor of Stedman's quadroon son" (267). To open his discussion of Johnny's death in his biography of Stedman, Thompson begins, "Major John Gabriel Stedman's last letter to his quadroon son Johnny, is well known" (62). Unaware of his ironic reproduction of his own demarcation of Johnny's race, Thompson concludes: &#8220;How easy it is to perceive from the above lines, that the quadroon was a victim of slander, calumniation, what we call today, the <em xmlns="">colour bar</em>, or class distinction in a sense. Man is only equal to Man in the eyes of God&#8221; (67). <a href="#back14">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="15">[15]</a> "This text is drawn from Thompson's printed version of Stedman's Journals, <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Journal of John Gabriel Stedman, 1744-1797</span>, (246-8). It has been checked against the original journal entry for accuracy. Some intervening entries unrelated to the ongoing domestic drama precipitated by George's birth have been redacted. <a href="#back15">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="16">[16]</a> For the Prices' discussion of this alteration, see their introduction (lv-lvii). <a href="#back16">BACK</a></p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="letnote"><a name="17">[17]</a> The other dominant allusion in Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> is the tale of Inkle and Yarico. This story depicts an early explorer's treachery toward a native woman. Having married her during a lengthy ship-wreck, Inkle sells Yarico and their unborn child into slavery after their rescue and return to Barbados (British territory). Werner Sollors summarizes the account as a &#8220;brief and simple moral tale represent[ing] slavery as the betrayal of a beloved, combining a mild antislavery sentiment with a critique of the merchant as a type&#8221; (195). Sollors also describes the literary genealogy of the tale from Richard Steele's <span xmlns="" class="titlej">Spectator</span> version (March 13, 1711) through Stedman's <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Narrative</span> and subsequently the logic of the &#8220;tragic mulatto&#8221; that emerged in the writing of Lydia Maria Child in dialogue with William Wells Brown's novel <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Clotel; or the President's Daughter</span> (1853). Beryl Gilroy also re-wrote <span xmlns="" class="titlem">Inkle and Yarico</span>. <a href="#back17">BACK</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-authored-by-secondary- field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Authored by (Secondary):&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" rel="role:AUT"><a href="/person/kennedy-dustin">Kennedy, Dustin</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31532">Praxis Series</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-taxonomy-vocabulary-3 field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Tags:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/person/john-gabriel-stedman-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">John Gabriel Stedman</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/person/joanna" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Joanna</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/tags/atlantic-studies" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Atlantic Studies</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/tags/hidden-history" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">hidden history</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/1286" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">colonialism</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/tags/interracial-marriage" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">interracial marriage</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/1851" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Genealogy</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/tags/textual-variation" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">textual variation</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/person/lydia-maria-child-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Lydia Maria Child</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/person/beryl-gilroy-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Beryl Gilroy</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/richard-price" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Richard Price</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/william-blake" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Blake</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/john-gabriel-stedman-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">John Gabriel Stedman</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/mary-louise-pratt" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Louise Pratt</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/joseph-johnson" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Joseph Johnson</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/jenny-sharpe" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jenny Sharpe</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/beryl-gilroy-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Beryl Gilroy</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/lydia-maria-child-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Lydia Maria Child</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/frederick-engels" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Frederick Engels</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/sally-price" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Sally Price</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/peter-linebaugh" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Peter Linebaugh</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/marcus-rediker" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Marcus Rediker</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/karl-marx" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Karl Marx</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-country-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Country:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/united-states" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">United States</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/country/jamaica" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jamaica</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-region-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Region:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/region/west-indies" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">West Indies</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-continent-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Continent:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/continent/america" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">America</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/continent/africa" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Africa</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/continent/europe" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Europe</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/continent/south-america" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">South America</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-naturalfeature-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">NaturalFeature:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/natural-feature/indies" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Indies</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-field-nines-discipline-s- field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">NINES Discipline(s):&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/nines-discipline/literature" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Literature</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-field-nines-type-s- field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">NINES Type(s):&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/nines-type/typescript" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Typescript</a></li></ul></section>Tue, 01 May 2012 23:04:47 +0000rc-admin22998 at http://www.rc.umd.eduRaley, "A Teleology of Letters; or, From a "Common Source" to a Common Language"http://www.rc.umd.edu/praxis/containment/raley/raley.html
<div class="field field-name-field-published field-type-date field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="collex:date" datatype="gYearMonth"><span class="date-display-single" property="collex:date" datatype="gYearMonth" content="2000-11-01T00:00:00-05:00">November 2000</span></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/praxis/containment/index.html">The Containment and Re-deployment of English India</a></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><div align="center">
<h2>The Containment and Re-Deployment of English India</h2>
<h3>A Teleology of Letters; or, From a "Common Source" to a Common Language<sup><a name="back1" href="#n1" id="back1">[1]</a></sup></h3>
<h4>Rita Raley, University of Minnesota</h4>
</div>
<div align="center"> </div>
<blockquote>My favourite notion of proceeding [is] from the utile to the dulce, in which last may be comprehended persian, arabic, sunskrit, with every other branch of local attainments, as each may become in its turn a useful, lucrative, or pleasant pursuit to any sojourner in the east. - John Borthwick Gilchrist, <i>The Hindee-Roman Orthoepigraphical Ultimatum</i> (1820)</blockquote>
<blockquote>Every complex form of language bears in itself the elements of its own destruction. - Mr. Mosse, <i>Enclytica. Being the Outlines of a Course of Instruction on the Principles of Universal Grammar, as Deduced in an Analysis of the Vernacular Tongue</i> (1814)</blockquote>
<ol>
<li>
<p>The period around 1800 is remarkable for the cultivation of two antithetical paradigms of language: one model of complexity and incomprehensibility, embodied for example by the philological work of Sir William Jones, and one model of basic, common simplicity, embodied by the work of the Methodist preacher John Wesley, and in different terms by William Wordsworth in the "Preface" to the <i>Lyrical Ballads</i>. Coterminous with an increasing anxiety about language that both does not signify and is insufficient for communicating ideas (e.g. hieroglyphics, as well as Asiatic languages) was an increase of labor devoted to orthoepigraphical projects, the devising of a universal alphabet into which the Asiatic languages might be translated. Jones&#8217;s name is most familiarly linked to this kind of interpretive language work, which arose in the moment of his discovery of the "common source"&#8212;the philological structure of kinship undergirding Latin, Sanskrit, and what has become known as the entire Indo-European family of languages. The moment of the "common source," however, is also a deliberative moment about the "common" itself, about its meaning, its value, and its linguistic associations; and the name to be linked to the language work suggested by this kind of deliberation is that of one-time professor at the College of Fort William, seminary instructor, private tutor, and Orientalist John Borthwick Gilchrist.<sup><a name="back2" href="#n2" id="back2">[2]</a></sup></p>
</li>
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<p>While one of John Gilchrist&#8217;s late works, the wonderfully paranoid, epistolary manifesto of complaint, <i>The Oriental Green Bag!!</i>, is dominated by innumerable invectives about copyright infringement and the state of the academic market around 1820, it also pays admiring tribute within its very subtitle to "the great Sir William Jones&#8217;s civil, religious, and political creed."(<i>The Oriental Green Bag!! Or a Complete Sketch of Edwards Alter in the Royal Exchequer, Containing a full Account of the Battle with the Books between a Belle and a Dragon: by a radical admirer of the great Sir William Jones's civil, religious, and political creed, against whom informations have recently been lodged for the Treasonable Offence and heinous crime of deep-rooted Hostility to Corruption and Despotism, in every Shape and Form; on the sacred oath of Peeping Tom at Coventry</i>. London: J.B. Gilchrist, 1820. Hereafter abbreviated <i>OGB</i>). Notably absent, both here and within the text, is a tribute to Jones&#8217;s philological creed, for Gilchrist himself claims to have laid the foundation stone of "practical" and "beneficial Orientalism" with his work on Hindustani and with his orthoepigraphical system (<i>see plate 1</i>), which he pronounces to be "the simplest and most comprehensive ever yet submitted to public inspection" (96). <a href="/praxis/containment/raley/plate1.html"><img name="image2" src="/sites/default/files/imported/praxis/containment/raley/images/btn.jpg" alt="Plate 1" align="left" width="125" height="125" vspace="1" hspace="6" border="0" id="image2"/></a>Universal applicability, or at least the promised transcription of all the sounds and letters of the Asiatic languages within the structures of a singular notation system, constituted one of Gilchrist&#8217;s more pronounced divergences from the philological work associated with Jones, and it formed the basis for his final public appeals for patronage. Prophesying a moment in which "chirography and typography completely assimilate," Gilchrist assured his "opulent"
audience that "one universal character can easily be established for a thousand different languages" and that his system was thus situated among the premier systems of education and indubitably merited funding (<i>The Orienti-Occidental Tuitionary Pioneer to Literary Pursuits</i>, title page, appendix. Hereafter abbreviated <i>TP</i>).</p>
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<p>Insistent self-legitimation narratives such as this are discursive hallmarks of Gilchrist&#8217;s dictionaries, grammars, and treatises, particularly the later works, and they neatly outline the analytic and evaluative distinctions between his work and that of Jones. It thus makes perfect conceptual sense that these distinctions should be figured as a literal and metaphoric divergence, as they are in the following instance of self-description and tribute: "my <i>radical labours</i>, or a plain, practical, rational highway to oriental literature, on which simplicity, consistency, facility, and utility take every step together, led by thought and reflection" (<i>OGB</i> 68). The figuration of the orthoepigraphical, or Universal mode, as a highway, passage, road, and path to knowledge extends throughout this particular treatise, and the bifurcation implied is not simply external (away from Jones and other philological laborers) but also internal (the separation of "utility" and "thought"). The mode of knowledge and education with which Gilchrist initially locates value is that of the practical, the "<i>utile</i>," but this figuration does not come at the expense of leisured contemplation, the "<i>dulce</i>." While Gilchrist&#8217;s plan of "Practical Orientalism" signifies a functional use of language, in other words, it by no means proposes to excise cultural and aesthetic value (<i>TP</i> 97). Rather, it sutures the values of literacy (the vernacular, simplicity, ease) to those of the literary (thought, reflection), the ultimate end for which is a unification of "art and profitable industry" (<i>OGB</i> 69). Such a double coding of a vernacular linguistic object first provides for the legitimation of the idea of the vernacular. Next, and this is the more provocative point, it also allows for the substitution of one common vernacular for another, which is the condition of possibility for the shift from Hindustani to English as the language of command and control
in British India.<sup><a name="back3" href="#n3" id="back3">[3]</a></sup></p>
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<p>The Jones and Gilchrist orthoepigraphical systems were compatible insofar as they both participated in the general project of establishing a uniform Roman orthography for Asiatic words, but the two translator figures differed notably in their choice of objects&#8212;a preference for the learned languages of Sanskrit and Persian on the part of Jones, and a preference for the practical, functional language of Hindustani on the part of Gilchrist. The different choice of object resulted in profoundly different professional and scholarly models: while Jones reads the "foreign" character as an abstruse object of scholastic knowledge whose end is its own increase, Gilchrist reads it as a more easily decodable object of technical, communicable knowledge whose end is not simply functionality, but also economic possibilities both for student and for instructor. Sanskrit for Jones was "the Latin of India," while Hindustani for Gilchrist was the "universal colloquial medium" of India, and as such, a "popular language" and "intelligible tongue" (<i>The Letters of Sir William Jones</i>, Volume II, 747; <i>OGB</i> 97).<sup><a name="back4" href="#n4" id="back4">[4]</a></sup> The distinction is not quite that of an amateur-professional divide, but Jones emblematizes a model of scholarship that values surplus knowledge and that evaluates difference <i>as</i> difference. Gilchrist, on the other hand, emblematizes a model of scholarship that evaluates knowledge as a commodity and that adheres to notions of functionality and practicality. The logic of this latter model is such that scholarship on the vernacular speech of India has a greater use value and greater technical, productive possibilities than "classical erudition" and "the most profound scholarship" on the<a href="/praxis/containment/raley/plate2.html"><img name="image3" src="/sites/default/files/imported/praxis/containment/raley/images/ctn.jpg" alt="Plate 2" align="right" width="125" height="125" vspace="1" hspace="6" border="0" id="image3"/></a> learned languages of India, erudition that is
irrevocably aligned with amusement, pleasure, leisure, and even the sublime (<i>The Hindee-Roman Orthoepigraphical Ultimatum; or a systematic, descriminative view of Oriental and Occidental visible Sounds, on fixed and practical principles for acquiring the ... pronunciation of many Oriental languages; exemplified in one hundred popular anecdotes, ... and proverbs of the Hindoostanee story teller</i> viii, xvii-xviii. Hereafter abbreviated <i>OU</i>).</p>
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<p>That the practical value of vernaculars and the inefficacy of the uncommon, often learned, languages forms a constitutive thematic thread in Gilchrist&#8217;s work <a href="/praxis/containment/raley/plate3.html"><img name="image1" src="/sites/default/files/imported/praxis/containment/raley/images/atn.jpg" alt="Plate 3" align="left" width="125" height="125" vspace="1" hspace="6" border="0" id="image1"/></a>is evident in the recurring verse that appears as an epigraph to his <i>Dialogues</i> and <i>The Bold Epistolary Rhapsody</i>: "What spell have Arms, with useless Tongues when led? / Or Lions&#8217; hearts&#8212;without a human head?" The implied connection between common languages and military, governmental control in these lines partly accounts for Gilchrist&#8217;s extensive valorization of functional rationality, as does the suggestion that language ultimately cannot awe, mystify, enthrall, or contribute to the militaristic "spell" if it is <i>not</i> common. Communicating, or spelling, the vernacular with the Roman alphabet is thus the necessary first step to achieving rational, administrative control. Gilchrist, however, was careful not to repudiate the value of the learned languages without qualification. His critical contest instead concerned the severing of the links between this value and particular languages (allowing for its transportability to the common); the <i>use</i> value of the learned languages; and their privileged place in the preparatory training of Company officers. "Truly <i>beneficial</i> Orientalism," in Gilchrist&#8217;s terms, then, disregards neither the vernacular nor the classic, but labors to standardize both the demotic (Hindustani) and a formal written system (Persian) (<i>OGB</i> 96). So it was that he insisted on the use of his orthoepigraphical system for the translation of Persian and Hindoostanne alike; insisted that "classic erudition" had no place in India without "the command of vernacular speech"; and carefully constructed a teleological model of philological work that was to progress toward a
suturing of the <i>utile</i> and the <i>dulce</i> within a particular "common" language: English (<i>OGB</i> 70, 96-7; <i>OU</i> viii, xv). Moreover, Gilchrist can be said to embody the mode of picturing the Orient not as immediately accessible but as something into which one could submerge: the shift is from voyeur-observer to participant-observer. The end results of the bifurcation of philological work are two analytically distinct paradigms of scholarship, a humanist model on the one hand, and a utilitarian, eventually technocratic model on the other. The problem of how to account for an overlap or even a repetition of work, then, is partially solved by thinking of the different kind of intellectual work each is performing, the distinct institutional status each maintains.</p>
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<p>Although a similar oppositional structure would apply, this is a different staging than Saree Makdisi's in <i>Romantic Imperialism: Universal Empire and the Culture of Modernity</i>, with Jones and Thomas Babington Macaulay embodying two discourses of Orientalism, "two antithetical paradigms of British imperialism and colonial rule," respectively figured by the sea and the river (101). Insofar as Jones&#8217;s work adheres to an idea of ineluctable difference (the unbridgeable gulf of the sea) and Macaulay&#8217;s adheres to a progressivist evolutionary model of re-programmable difference (the stream of modernity), for Makdisi, these two paradigms trouble the monolithic category of modern Orientalism and they further suggest an epistemological shift from an older discourse of Orientalism, to modern discourses of racism, evolution, and industrialization. Such a shift from isolation to incorporation within the grand narratives of progress, and from the "appreciation" to the "improvement" of difference, then, signals "the emergence of the Universal Empire of modernization" (117). This article traces the contours of a different kind of paradigmatic split, one that results in protracted confluence and contest rather than an immediate absorption of one model by another. When the notion of a common source begets the notion of a common language, with "common" to resonate as the shared, the easily legible, the colloquial, and the vernacular, then two models of language emerge: the classic and the complex, on the one hand, and the demotic and the basic, on the other. A profound and powerful set of confluences exist between this dialectic model and those of universal and national literacy, liberal and useful knowledge, and humanist and functional scholarly activity; and one of the purposes of this article is partially to trace out what has historically been situated at their nexus and offered as their logical resolution: the common language of English.</p>
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<p>The first volume of the journal inaugurated to publish the transactions of the newly founded Asiatic Society of Bengal, <i>Asiatic Researches: or, Transactions of the Society Instituted in Bengal, for inquiring into the history and antiquities, the arts, sciences, and literature, of Asia</i> (1788 - ), contains Sir William Jones&#8217;s opening discourse on the intended objects of the society&#8217;s scholarly and institutional inquiry: man and nature, the knowledge of which he classifies as history, science or art (xii-xiii).<sup><a name="back5" href="#n5" id="back5">[5]</a></sup> It was in the interests of what the patrons call in their inaugural letter a literal and a figurative "extension of knowledge" (one that has two senses of "universal" as its end) that Jones and the other members of the society embarked upon an academic compendium that was at once what we might now recognize as historical, anthropological and, most famously, philological (<i>The Works of Sir William Jones</i>, Volume 1, vi). In its nascent moments, and indeed throughout much of the nineteenth century, what became the institutional discipline of comparative philology depended not only upon the fallacy of presuming a linear and teleological model for the "evolution" and progress of letters, as has been critically remarked, but also upon the mystification and debasement of the foreign grapheme and grammatical structures of writing. More specifically, comparative philology derived its strength from the belief that the languages of South Asia in particular were a mystificatory veil, one that obfuscated the texts, transactions, and even people behind it, and one that blocked the entry of western languages and knowledge. The name inevitably linked to this discipline was Jones, "discoverer" of the "common source" and academic Orientalist as well, insofar as he strove to identify similarities between England and India.<sup><a name="back6" href="#n6" id="back6">[6]</a></sup></p>
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<p>As Jones attested, it was precisely because so-termed "useful knowledge" could presumably be contained and transmitted in the western languages alone, and specifically in the Roman alphabet, that the institutional need to study, and thereby to master and decode, the eastern languages gained even more momentum. Legitimation for this study came from the figuring of Eastern languages as impediments to rationality, transparency, civilization, knowledge, and an efficiency of communication.<sup><a name="back7" href="#n7" id="back7">[7]</a></sup> For example, Jones explains that the primary object of study for the Asiatic Society is to be "their languages, the diversity and difficulty of which are a sad obstacle to the progress of useful knowledge; but I have ever considered languages as the mere instruments of real learning, and think them improperly confounded with learning itself: the attainment of them is, however, indispensably necessary" (xiv). Where multiplicity and "diversity" confound, the singular steps in as the necessary means toward knowledge, and indeed as its proper vehicle, from which most notably it can be held as separate. Language as "mere instrument" signals a severing of language from ideas, and, by extension, culture, and this severing parallels the investiture of English as a vernacular stripped of racial, geographical, or cultural value. In turn, too, the figuring of language as transmitter of knowledge means that the process of language acquisition becomes necessary, so it is not just that language bears a cultural value on its own because it functions as a transmission system, but the larger context here is one in which utility itself bears a distinct cultural value.</p>
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<p>As is clear from Jones&#8217;s early "Dissertation on the Orthography of Asiatick Words in Roman Letters," in order to elucidate a "common source" for the Indo- and European language branches and to divine its primordial grammar, the pictorial character had first to be brought, or made, into English.<sup><a name="back8" href="#n8" id="back8">[8]</a></sup> On the two methods of Asiatic orthography then in use, Jones notes that "the first professes to regard chiefly the pronunciation of the words intended to be expressed" and the other relies upon "scrupulously rendering letter for letter, without any particular care to preserve the pronunciation."<sup><a name="back9" href="#n9" id="back9">[9]</a></sup> Jones&#8217;s system was to combine elements of the two, so that both pronunciation and orthography were attended to: "by the help of the diacritical marks used by the <i>French</i>, with a few of those adopted in our own treatises on <i>fluxions</i>, we may apply our present alphabet so happily to the notation of all Asiatick languages, as to equal the D&#233;van&#225;gar&#236; itself in precision and clearness, and so regularly that any one, who knew the original letters, might rapidly and unerringly transpose into them all the proper names, appellatives, or cited passages, occurring in tracts of Asiatick literature" (13). In order to set up one symbol for every sound used in pronunciation, the system was <i>a posteriori</i> constructed from both the French and the English alphabets, and it became, as Sir James Mackintosh notes, <i>the</i> standard for the transliteration of the Asiatic languages. For the colonial government and its scholastic appendages&#8212;the Asiatic Societies&#8212;the problem of the pictorial character was made over as a problem of alphabetic arrangement, and, in both Jones and Gilchrist&#8217;s terms, the "remedy" for the problem, for the Asiatic word was to be the Roman alphabet.<sup><a name="back10" href="#n10" id="back10">[10]</a></sup> In this respect, then, the question of a "common source," the philological concept with which Jones is most closely linked, begins to unfold instead as a larger question of a "common language." And in this syntactic construction, too, the "common" resonates as both the vernacular and as the shared, that is, as a language of unofficial exchange and as a language held in common.</p>
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<p>It is worth noting that Mackintosh&#8217;s claim for the Jones system as the standard does not satisfactorily explain why John Gilchrist would still have had such a keen interest in orthoepigraphy as an unsolved intellectual and practical problem. An answer to the question of Gilchrist&#8217;s persistent labors on the subject must reach even beyond biography (that is, beyond a discussion of his ideological and practical difficulties with the Company and various figures in the Oriental knowledge trade) to account for the radically different path down which his orthoepigraphical work led him: toward a campaign to insure wide-spread colloquial proficiency in Hindustani, generally considered the popular language of the East, so that those bound for India could have the proper foundation with which to converse with the natives, to acquire "local information and history," and to come to know Oriental literature (<i>BIM</i>, volume 2, xlvii).<sup><a name="back11" href="#n11" id="back11">[11]</a></sup> Both his historical importance and his preeminence within the fields of Orientalist language study are marked by Bernard Cohn in <i>Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge</i>, a study in which he accedes that Gilchrist is "generally regarded as the creator of what was to become the British language of command in India&#8212;Hindustani" (<i>Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge</i> 34). Indeed, Gilchrist was able to stake his claim to intellectual and economic territory precisely because a knowledge of Hindustani or a military language was mandated for all who hold staff or administrative positions in British India (<i>OU</i> x). Sanskrit was itself constructed as a practical and necessary foundation for service in the Company, an inevitable re-linking of the idea of education (even a practical one) to classical languages, but Gilchrist had a great deal to do with the legitimation of vernacular language study as "real science and practical wisdom" in opposition to
unnecessary, even debilitating, "sheer pedantry and classical lore" (<i>The General East India Guide and Vade Mecum: for the public functionary, government officer, private agent, trader or foreign sojourner, in British India, and the adjacent parts of Asia immediately connected with the honourable East India Company</i> 536-7).<sup><a name="back12" href="#n12" id="back12">[12]</a></sup> His stark opposition of practical knowledge and classical knowledge, "local" knowledge and European knowledge, respectively, substantiated the value of utilitarian, service-oriented language instruction, particularly of vernaculars.</p>
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<p>The homology of the philological with the interlinguistic and the syllabic containment of India in the English language might best be elucidated by Gilchrist&#8217;s The <i>Orienti-Occidental Tuitionary Pioneer</i> (1816), a self-published folio and personal evidentiary notebook directed to his once and future students and divided up into twenty-two parts whose contents vary widely by genre, print style, and mode of address. Included in the text are a new theory of Latin verbs, notes on "the art of thinking made easy" and "cheering accounts from my pupils in India," and a general alumni list of 1600 students. The folio is also filled with extracts from letters and reports that mention, support, and legitimate Gilchrist&#8217;s work. Its most revealing and provocative enclosure, however, is a plan for a universal language that reproduces a teleology of letters and includes a prospectus for a "new universal grammaclature" to be spoken "by all nations in every age and clime": a different kind of <i>a posteriori</i> linguistic system founded upon a reformation of the English language, directed ultimately toward the universal "introduction of sterling english, in the capacity of a cosmopolitan tongue," and apocalyptically prophesying a moment in which "albion&#8217;s [sic] vernacular dialect may soon pervade the whole world" (<i>TP</i> 25-6).<sup><a name="back13" href="#n13" id="back13">[13]</a></sup> Such an enclosure spectacularly introduces the evaluation of English as a vernacular dialect, reveals the particularity behind the universal character, and prophetically calculates the imperial spread of a basic, or vernacular, English dialect. Thus does it follow that Gilchrist appends an important modification to his broad statement that retrospectively carves out his intellectual territory with regard to Jones: it is not simply that he claims his system as "the simplest and most comprehensive ever yet submitted to public inspection," but it is also the system "best
calculated to preserve the meed of universal application to the sterling letters and speech of old England" (<i>OGB</i> 96). When Gilchrist refers to "Sir William Jones&#8217;s premature bias to the Italian and continental alphabets" (<i>OGB</i> 96), in other words, he thereby declares his primary interest in the alphabet of "sterling english [sic]," the "language of albion [sic]," and not the Roman broadly conceived.</p>
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<p>What is truly remarkable about Gilchrist&#8217;s scheme is not its phonological insistence on representing all of the sounds of all "known" languages via the Roman character, nor the spectacular suturing of language and nation that occurs within the proleptic vision of the futures of the language of albion, but its emphasis upon the futures of a <i>particular</i> language of albion: the vernacular dialect. An emphasis on the vernacular as an international language puts a strange tension on the opposition between the local and the regional on the one hand, and the transnational or global on the other, particularly as the "vernacular dialect" that is soon to spread over the world quickly mutates into a "cosmopolitan tongue" (<i>TP</i> 25). Of particular relevance to a discussion of Gilchrist&#8217;s interest in legitimating a "cosmopolitan" English and instituting Roman characters as the standard for his orthoepigraphical system is his dedicatory statement within the wildly barbed and eccentric <i>The Orienti-Occidental Tuitionary Pioneer</i>, in which he makes claims for the supreme distinctiveness of his universal mode. Of the other systems, he notes, "there is not one of them so constructed as to constitute the English a cosmopolitan language, clothed in a congenial catholic character, which the arrogant but ignorant Chinese may yet, in process of time, be induced to assume, from its comparative utility, perspicuity, and facility, when deliberately contrasted with their own" (1-2). The desired end, then, is not simply the universal use of English, but also the universal recognition of use of English, of its transparency and legibility and right to ascend as a cosmopolitan vernacular. Such an evaluative promotion is prepared for through Gilchrist&#8217;s efforts to supplant the court language of Persian with the "popular speech" of Hindustani in orientalist scholarship. In such a substitution, the relations between the vernacular, or local, and the international
are even more so those of slippage and confusion as one common vernacular is exchanged for the other. One final example from many is his <i>The Anti-Jargonist</i>, in which he trumpets Hindustani as "the popular speech of India" and "the grand popular language of the east" (<i>The Anti-Jargonist; or a short introduction to the Hindoostanee language ... with an extensive vocabulary English and Hindoostanee, and Hindoostanee and English ... being partly an abridgment of the Oriental Linguist</i> i-ii).</p>
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<p>While critical attention has focused, and continues to focus, on the legacy of Sir William Jones within the realms of comparative philology, John Gilchrist has thus himself contributed quite influentially to the inherited mythologies of Indo-European linguistic relations through his efforts to make the foreign character legible and reiterable by bringing it within the strictures of the Roman alphabet&#8212;that is, through his efforts "to teach a foreign tongue, in our own, not its character" (<i>A Grammar, of the Hindoostanee Language</i> 4).<sup><a name="back14" href="#n14" id="back14">[14]</a></sup> While Gilchrist was also heavily invested in the project of finding a "remedy" for what he calls "Hindee-Roman orthoepigraphy" (namely, transcribing the sounds of what he calls the "oriental languages" into the Roman alphabet), it is precisely because of his privileging of languages of the everyday, though not at the expense of "high" or scholarly languages, that his work has an importance for my argument (<i>BIM</i> xxx).<sup><a name="back15" href="#n15" id="back15">[15]</a></sup> It has a particular importance because he was able to effect at least a partial shift in philological emphasis away from "higher" forms of speech, in his case the court language of Persian, and to the demotic, in his case the popular and vernacular Hindustani.</p>
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<p>Writing of the illegitimacy of the Asiatic character, particularly in the context of its uneasy correspondence with Western print culture, Gilchrist advocates enfolding it within the structures of the Roman alphabet in order to make it both legible and reiterable.</p>
<blockquote>When we advert to the rude state of oriental types even at this day, and to the great incorrectness from points dropping out, and letters often losing their heads or tails in the press, after the whole has been carefully adjusted from two or three revisals, we should almost prefer our own letters to all others, for the dissemination and easy acquirement of the Hindoostanee. (<i>BIM</i> xv)</blockquote>
<p>In its construction of "our own letters" as a pivotal point of reference for all "oriental" letters, this enfolding constitutes a necessary preliminary stage in the argument for English as the basis not just for a universal notation system but also for a universal language. According to Gilchrist, such an imposition of univocality is necessitated by the "varieties," inconsistencies, and instabilities of the Asiatic languages, which implicitly stood in opposition to the desirable standards of the English language:</p>
<blockquote>For those readers who may still observe, that my present mode of spelling even is not always uniform, it may be necessary to remark, that a careful perusal of pages 33, 34, 35, &amp;c. ought to convince them how impossible it must be to confer stability and consistency upon subjects, where they do not really exist... .[the purpose of his own orthographical deviancies is] to accustom learners to such varieties as they will certainly meet with in their travels over India. This observation may be extended almost <i>ad infinitum</i>, whenever letters are so interchangeable as they certainly are in the Hindoostanee and other oriental languages. (<i>BIM</i> xxiii-xxiv)</blockquote>
<p>Echoing Jones on the obstructive "diversity" of the Asiatic languages, Gilchrist proposed an initial remedy in the form of an orthoepigraphical mode that involved an "Italian modification" of the Roman letters and ultimately made use of sixty-four characters. In its appearance on the page, it basically resembles all of the other phonetic projects and plans for a universal alphabet; that is to say that his translated textual object (the Lord&#8217;s Prayer) is more-or-less legible, but only at the level of general meaning.<sup><a name="back16" href="#n16" id="back16">[16]</a></sup> Related to Jones&#8217;s systems of notation insofar as the ideal was to establish commonalities among a number of the Asiatic languages, and participating in the larger culture project of classification and systematization, the structure of Gilchrist&#8217;s system appears to be quite intricate and carefully developed, but its desire to achieve the "basic" means that a series of lacunae and an almost-cabalistic tone must necessarily result. His eccentricities of presentation and argument notwithstanding, this preliminary conversion of Hindustani to the Roman alphabet led him to what is curiously among the most serious and extensive attempts to devise a universal alphabet adapted "the articulate, oral sounds of every nation in the world"&#8212;outlined in various fantastic forms in <i>The Orienti-Occidental Tuitionary Pioneer</i> (1816); <i>The Hindee-Roman Orthoepigraphical Ultimatum</i> (1820); and <i>The Oriental Green Bag!!</i> (1820) (<i>OGB</i> 96). With typical grandiosity, he declared his alphabetic system to be supreme among all others, "capacious enough to swallow and eclipse for ever, thus concentrating in one uniform series an endless variety of projects, all crude, imperfect, and undigested, in more or less extremes" (<i>TP</i> 1). Despite their claims to universality, related projects such as John Freeman, <i>The Elements of Oral Language</i> (1821), Carl Lepsius&#8217;s
<i>Universal Alphabet</i> (1854), George Edmonds&#8217;s <i>Universal Alphabet</i> (1856), and R. Rees&#8217;s <i>Universal Alphabet</i> (1865) generally stopped at a compendium of the sounds of European speech, so Gilchrist&#8217;s "Orthoepigraphical Alphabet" seems in spirit to be fairly described retrospectively as an amalgam, an anachronistic "swallowing," of Alexander John Ellis and Sir William Jones&#8217;s various alphabets, importantly with a few "practical" purposes.<sup><a name="back17" href="#n17" id="back17">[17]</a></sup></p>
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<p>Not the least of these practical purposes was the promotion of "sterling English" and the combination of the values of "utility, simplicity, facility, perspicuity, brevity, and practicability," but this promotion did not come at the expense entirely of beauty, despite his claims to prefer substance to appearance, or the "nutritious kernel" to "the rejected glossy shell of a nut" (<i>TP</i> 1, 26). Again, the value of the "orthoepigraphical" or "Universal mode," what he envisions as "the plain, practical, rational highway to oriental literature," is that it combines both "art" and "profitable industry" (<i>OGB</i> 68, 69). My suggestion here is that, because one part of Gilchrist&#8217;s project was to construct Hindustani as the most useful language for study, a case can be made for the vernacular as the most useful by drawing certain parallels between the Latin-English divide and something like the Sanskrit-Hindustani divide.<sup><a name="back18" href="#n18" id="back18">[18]</a></sup> Coming at a historical juncture in which the claims for the practical, utilitarian, and scientific uses of language were on the rise, Gilchrist&#8217;s alignment of scholastic philological work with the vernacular strengthens, by extension, the claims to legitimacy on the part of all vernaculars; and it most particularly paves the way for the legitimation of English.</p>
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<p><i>Enclytica</i>, a highly-intricate philosophical and philological text from the period, published anonymously but with a MS attribution to "Mr. Mosse," links to Gilchrist in its contribution to an emergent theory of the vernacular, particularly in its suggestions that vernaculars are tied to industrial and scientific development, that they function as the languages of contemporary record and of history, that they contribute to nation formation, and that the systemic code underlying all languages, the universal grammar, is marked by a profound simplicity. Functioning much like our contemporary understanding of the Derridean "supplement," the title comes from the grammatical term for casting emphasis back on the preceding syllable, such that the second not only loses its independent accent through its absorption into the first, but also varies the accent of the first as a result. The "enclitic" neatly encapsulates Mosse&#8217;s thesis about the relations between originary languages and vernaculars, between primary languages and stranger idioms, between literary languages and invading languages, with "mixed jargons" and a changed "mother idiom" as a result. Such a syllabic contest can only result in self-implosion, in the spontaneous combustion, rupture, and "destruction" of language. Thus is it the case that <i>Enclytica</i> figures vernaculars both as useful for the everyday, easy to learn and even inherently uncomplicated, <i>and</i> as the inevitable endgame of language, with only the intrusion of the academies able to halt the devolutionary movement of languages from the ornate to the simple.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Within the terms of the text, only academies, criticism, and an "academic standard" have the power to maintain a level of complexity with language and to resist degeneration and a relapse back to a primordial state of simplification (iv). Written standards, then, are presented as the stabilizing force that prevents excess mutation. Such a mutation and "progress towards artificial brevity" does not discriminate among languages; rather, it is "common to every tongue," for all words are "mere signals, susceptible like those of the telegraph, of improvement and abbreviation" (100). English, too, has receded from extreme complexity, "lapsed" as it were, from a state of sophisticated cultivation: "Our language has proceeded no further; or rather has dropped all subsequent refinement, and lapsed back, in this respect, into primeval simplicity" (37). But the gradual simplification of the formal aspects of language is read as progress and "improvement," such that an abbreviated English is an improved English, one that has increased its efficiency and likened its communicative speed to that of the telegraph. So while it is the case that "the progress of all alphabetic character is from more complex systems to others less so," "simplification and rapidity are at the same time the only end and only means of its improvement" (121). <i>Enclytica</i>&#8217;s concern with the construction of a theory of language decay in relation to an elemental, universal grammar grounds its other concern: constructing an evaluative theory of vernaculars in general and of English in particular. The two tracks converge in an articulation of English as the supreme and yet the most basic "dialect of the lettered world":</p>
<blockquote>the lead which our native tongue, the least inflected dialect of the lettered world, has taken in science and in literature, the splendid proofs it holds forth of <i>its entire competency for the expression of every idea that feeling or science may wish to impart</i>, at a period when all the efforts of intellect and imagination challenge its adequateness, and try its powers, is alone a sufficient proof that language needs little of inflection, to convey with rapidity every thought the human mind is able to cherish or conceive. (133, emphasis mine)<sup><a name="back19" href="#n19" id="back19">[19]</a></sup></blockquote>
<p>In these terms, the power of the "least inflected dialect" is sheer speed, flexibility, and total translatability. Offering "on-the-fly" transmissions of all that "feeling," "science," "thought," and "imagination" can generate, the basic vernacular dialect promises absolute, instant, and universal communicative action. Akin to the "Preface" to the <i>Lyrical Ballads</i> in its valorization of a simple dialect as a literary language, this passage is representative of <i>Enclytica</i>&#8217;s articulation of the aesthetic, expressive, and representational power of linguistic simplicity. This legitimation of the vernacular, specifically English, as the bearer of aesthetic and historical value on the one hand, and practical and communicative value on the other, forms an important point of corroboration with Gilchrist&#8217;s own legitimation of vernaculars.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>At the opening of the second volume of <i>The British Indian Monitor</i> (1808), Gilchrist figures the vulgar and "common" as the useful, in a voice that carefully constructs an image of the heroic, singular, Admiral Nelson-like figure whose work ultimately benefits the masses:</p>
<blockquote>I have stood almost alone, for thirty years past, in favour of the vulgar tongue in British India, as the one thing most needful...I have lived to see it cultivated and esteemed as a useful acquisition, instead of being stigmatised as a jargon, though as much above the comprehension of the unthinking multitude, as it was far below the notice of men of letters, when I first visited India. (lxi)</blockquote>
<p>Given both the historical ties of vernaculars to trade and commerce and the gap between vernaculars and the learned classes, Gilchrist&#8217;s argument for the validity of vernaculars in fact links this linguistic ascendancy to the ascendancy of a new, technical class. Also, because he proposes that the value of utility be reconstituted, his is much more than a reactionary turn against the stultifying forms of Latin, Greek, Sanskrit and Persian. Instead, the vernaculars are figured as the means by which one can access these classical forms, though they are much more than "gateway" languages and thereby have a legitimacy in their own right. Witness, for example, what is perhaps Gilchrist&#8217;s most powerful and sweeping claim for the value of English:</p>
<blockquote>I cannot lose the great consolation which naturally flows from a consciousness of having been of some service in my day and <i>generation</i>, nor can I conceal the supreme satisfaction of now endeavouring to raise the English language to that pre-eminent rank and estimation, which it merits in every seminary of learning within the extended bounds of the British empire, as the first and surest step to all other classical pursuits. That it will one day become so, there can be no doubt in the breast of any rational being, who has seriously attended to the progressive improvement of every other art and science; but whether this shall happen in my time or not, the praise of being an advocate for so necessary a reform can hardly be denied me by those who must reap the greatest advantage from such a change, if they peradventure cast their eyes on these sheets, when the writer of them is numbered with the dead. (<i>BIM</i>, volume 2, lxii-lxiii; emphasis mine)<sup><a name="back20" href="#n20" id="back20">[20]</a></sup></blockquote>
<p>Self-elegiacal in tone, and unconditionally proleptic, this passage suggests that the imperial spread of English is an as-yet-unfinished and ineluctable project, a reform tied to the labors of individuals and of institutions. In this perfect conjoining of the world-wide spread of English with the academic institution, here named as a seminary, English is figured as the foundational "first and surest step" in a teleological progression of knowledge, from the new or modern classic (English) to the classic-classics (in his terms, Persian, Arabic, Sanskrit, Latin, and Greek). The path of knowledge Gilchrist charts is one "from the <i>utile</i> to the <i>dulce</i>, in which last may be comprehended persian, arabic, sunskrit [<i>sic</i>]"; and the <i>dulce</i> is in turn coded as an attainment that is at once "useful, lucrative or pleasant" in character (<i>OU</i> xv). But, so too is the <i>utile</i>, for English itself comes to be figured as the useful <i>and</i> the delightful, a double coding that will emerge from this period as paradigmatic.<sup><a name="back21" href="#n21" id="back21">[21]</a></sup> Broadly put, this is an age in which the shifts in language use from the genteel to the common are quite profoundly accelerated by mass education movements and the spread of print culture, but this shift from genteel to common is complicated by the emergence of a "new" common, one that is both the learned <i>and</i> the everyday. For Gilchrist, for J. S. Mill, for the founders of the first universities in India, and for innumerable scholars then and since, English ultimately can be said to function in these terms, as itself the "practical, rational highway" on which "thought" and "reflection" can coexist with "utility" (<i>OGB</i> 68).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>At core, the Orientalist-Anglicist controversy at the time may be understood as a great debate about the proper uses of educational funding, specifically with regard to outlays on literary and language study. Because this debate parallels, if not prefigures, our own debates about the state of the humanities within what Bill Readings has described as the university "in ruins," one of the most pressing questions produced by the genealogical link between John Gilchrist and "multiversity"-champion and -president Clark Kerr is as follows: how is English to be evaluated and organized, when the insistence is to make knowledge "useful," serviceable, and translatable into skills-based jobs?<sup><a name="back22" href="#n22" id="back22">[22]</a></sup> The historical answer to this problem has been to code English as a skill-based, but also a knowledge-based, discipline, which has in turn satisfied alike the demands of both Orientalist and Anglicist, humanist and technocrat, apologist for the learned languages and defender of the vernaculars, adherent to the value of "culture" and promoter of the value of "excellence" within the university.</p>
<div align="center">
<p>Notes</p>
</div>
<p><a name="n1" href="#back1" id="n1"><sup>1</sup></a>&#160;&#160;I am indebted to Lois Cucullu, Alan Liu, Russell Samolsky, David Simpson, Timothy Wager, and Vince Willoughby for their careful critical engagement with the ideas presented in this article.</p>
<p><a name="n2" href="#back2" id="n2"><sup>2</sup></a>&#160;&#160;Among Gilchrist&#8217;s most well-known works are the <i>A Dictionary: English and Hindoostanee</i> (Calcutta: Stuart and Cooper, 1787-90); <i>Dialogues, English and Hindoostanee; for illustrating the grammatical principles of the Stranger's East Indian Guide and to promote the colloquial intercourse of Europeans, on the most indispensable and familiar subjects with the natives of India</i>, 3rd Edition (London: Black, Kingsbury, Parbury, and Allen, 1820); the uncompleted <i>A Grammar, of the Hindoostanee Language, or Part Third of Volume First, of a System of Hindoostanee Philology</i> (Calcutta: Chronicle Press, 1796); and both the two-volume <i>British Indian Monitor; or, the Antijargonist, Stranger&#8217;s Guide, Oriental Linguist, and Various Other Words, compressed into a series of portable volumes, on the Hindoostanee Language, improperly called Moors; with considerable information respecting Eastern tongues, manners, customs, &amp;c.</i> (Edinburgh: Walker &amp; Grieg, 1806-8) and <i>The Orienti-Occidental Tuitionary Pioneer to Literary Pursuits, by the King&#8217;s and Company&#8217;s Officers of all Ranks, Capacities, and Departments, either as probationers at scholastic establishments, during the early periods of life, their outward voyage to the East, or while actually serving in British India...A Complete Regular Series of Fourteen Reports...earnestly recommending also the general Introduction, and efficient Culture immediately, of Practical Orientalism, simultaneously with Useful Occident Learning at all the Colleges, respectable Institutions, Schools, or Academies, in the United Kingdom,...a brief prospectus of the art of thinking made easy and attractive to Children, by the early and familiar union of theory with colloquial practice, on commensurate premises, in some appropriate examples, lists, &amp;c. besides a Comprehensive Panglossal Diorama for a universal Language and
Character...a perfectly new theory of Latin verbs</i> (London: 1816 [folio]), which is made up of fourteen reports on language and education and includes the diorama of a universal language.</p>
<p>Notable among the other scholars contributing to the "practical" study of Hindustani was George Hadley, whose preface to his own Hindustani grammar can also serve to articulate the distinctions I draw in this essay between two paradigms of scholarship. On the occasion of a new edition in 1809, Hadley recalls the late Sir William Jones&#8217;s personal response to the first edition: "This book is small change of immedate use: mine is bank notes, with which in his pocket one may starve, and not be able to get what one wants. Where one buys mine, you will sell a hundred." While the classical grammar does not circulate in the market for which it sets the evaluative terms, the popular grammar maintains a common currency, a high street-, use-, and exchange-value. Hadley proceeds to his audience and his work from those of Jones by claiming that his grammar is "without the least pretension to erudition" and instead devoted to those who have need for "immediate practice" and "have not either inclination, abilities, or time, to enter into a more intense, accurate, and laborious disquisition on the Eastern languages." See Hadley vii-ix.</p>
<p><a name="n3" href="#back3" id="n3"><sup>3</sup></a>&#160;&#160;Edward Said has argued that the study of Oriental languages is intimately aligned with governmental command, "policy objectives," and propaganda, in other words, that language training is inherently about command and control: "[the] acquired foreign language is therefore made part of a subtle assault upon populations, just as the study of a foreign region like the Orient is turned into a program for control by divination" (<i>Orientalism</i> 292-3). Orientalists and Orientalism, as Said notes, functioned in both academic and administrative terms, and for a reading of Said on these taxonomic distinctions between the "literary" and the "official," see Jenny Sharpe. Gilchrist's 1833 letter to the proprietors of the East India Stock Company serves as a primary example of a fraught Orientalist position in that it exposes the paradox of arguing both for the implementation of English in India and for the education and training of civil service offers in Asiatic languages. An East India Company stockholder himself, Gilchrist maintains "the propriety of diffusing a knowledge and cultivation of our own mother-tongue, by ample encouragement and patronage to every Hindoostanee" (16), yet he also insists that no one "should be allowed to depart for the Indian peninsula, before proving, by a public examination, that he can read, write, cast up accounts...with a reasonable colloquial knowledge of the most useful language of Hindoostan" (<i>A Bold Epistolary Rhapsody</i> 10). For Gilchrist and the other philologists and civil officers producing the increasingly ubiquitous grammars for the vernacular languages of India, such language guides were not only aimed at providing an "insider's" view into native cultures (with detailed descriptions of such cultural practices as greetings and the removal of shoes), but were also intended at some level both to eliminate the need for interpreters and to expedite practical
communication with the natives.</p>
<p>A closer scrutiny of some of these language texts, however, reveals what one might expect in such circumstances: that the hierarchies of civilized/primitive and West/East were never disbanded by this gesture toward translingualism and diplomacy; rather, they were reconstituted and reinforced. For example, Gilchrist's <i>Dialogues</i>, while it attempts to instruct its readers in certain fundamental grammatical principles, contains as its core phrase after phrase on such topics as "dining," "sleeping," "walking" etc.&#8212;phrases one would use to correct and order one's servants, complete with reprimands and insults. Bernard Cohn also comments on this discursive thread of the <i>Dialogues</i> (<i>Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge</i> 39-43). The emphasis on command and control might be attributed partly to Gilchrist's readers&#8212;middle managers whose sphere of authority was in the main limited to the domestic."</p>
<p><a name="n4" href="#back4" id="n4"><sup>4</sup></a>&#160;&#160;Also see Gilchrist, <i>Dialogues</i>, <i>Anti-Jargonist</i>, <i>The Hindee-Roman Orthoepigraphical Ultimatum</i> and <i>The Oriental Green Bag!!</i></p>
<p><a name="n5" href="#back5" id="n5"><sup>5</sup></a>&#160;&#160;The Asiatic Society of Bengal&#8217;s founding in 1784 was followed by Sir James Mackintosh&#8217;s founding of the Literary Society of Bombay in 1804, an organization that became the Bombay branch of the Royal Asiatic Society in 1838 and was itself followed by a Ceylon branch in 1845. Other Asiatic Societies were begun by Sir John Newbolt and Mr. B.G. Babington, Soci&#233;t&#233; Asiatique at Paris (1822); Henry Thomas Colebrooke, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (1823); Sir John Davis, Asiatic Society of China at Hong Kong (begun in 1847 and dissolved in 1859); Asiatic Society of Japan (1875; Straits branch begun in 1878); Korean branch of the Asiatic Society (1900-1).</p>
<p>The story of the choice for the name of the Society is worth telling. Jones makes a case in his opening discourse for the use of the descriptive term "Asiatic" as opposed to the non-descriptive "Oriental"&#8212;a word that he claims "conveys no very distinct idea" (xii). "Asiatic" resonates, to Jones, with all that is "both classical and proper" and it suggests as well a natural boundary of Egypt and the African coast of the Mediterranean. As such, the intent was a kind of geographical and conceptual specificity, one that has almost proto-anthropological insistence on the "real" as opposed to the fictive or non-scholarly. Like the language structures that gives it shape, then, the category of the "Asiatic" was imagined to have a "real" and material equivalent.</p>
<p><a name="n6" href="#back6" id="n6"><sup>6</sup></a>&#160;&#160;The reasoning here, which is Said&#8217;s, is that hierarchies are established by sameness and not by differences in these instances of cultural comparison. For a reading of this conceptual strain in Jones, see Jenny Sharpe.</p>
<p><a name="n7" href="#back7" id="n7"><sup>7</sup></a>&#160;&#160;For an analysis of the ways in which British Orientalists&#8217; study and cultivation of the native Indian languages was central to colonial rule, see Bernard Cohn.</p>
<p><a name="n8" href="#back8" id="n8"><sup>8</sup></a>&#160;&#160;Jones&#8217;s paper was addressed to the committee in 1784, two years before his most famous presentation to the Royal Asiatic Society. It was published in the first volume of the <i>Asiatic Researches</i>. For related work on the relations between universal grammar and the common source, see James Beattie, especially 95-105.</p>
<p><a name="n9" href="#back9" id="n9"><sup>9</sup></a>&#160;&#160;Supporters of the first included Major Davy and of the second included Mr. Halhed and Mr. Wilkins. Sir William Jones, "A Dissertation on the Orthography of Asiatick Words in Roman Letters," <i>Asiatic Researches: or Transactions</i>, Volume 1, 5-6. The attempt to translate simply on the basis of pronunciation has parallels with Alexander John Ellis&#8217;s plans for a "universal digraphic" character, which I discuss elsewhere in my book manuscript, <i>Global English and the Academy</i>, from which this article is excerpted.</p>
<p><a name="n10" href="#back10" id="n10"><sup>10</sup></a>&#160;&#160;See Gilchrist, <i>The British Indian Monitor</i>, volume 1: "The Roman alphabet, that I have used, is fully adequate to express all the various oriental sounds, however defective it must naturally appear, when two or more letters are employed to denote only one sound, against which, however, I have at least proposed a <i>remedy</i>, in page 45, that will, in general, answer all the purposes of Hindee-Roman orthoepigraphy" (xxx). Hereafter abbreviated <i>BIM</i>.</p>
<p><a name="n11" href="#back11" id="n11"><sup>11</sup></a>&#160;&#160;Gilchrist experienced an inordinate number of difficulties with the Company and with other Asiatic instructors and scholars. The roots of many of his complaints lie with the Haileybury College Suspension Act (which he calls a suspension of the <i>habeas mentem</i> act at the presidencies of Fort William, Fort St. George, and Bombay as well). The official suspension meant that the Court of Directors of the East India Company could appoint anyone to the post of writer who passed an exam and provided some sort of documentation of his character and conduct. Gilchrist argued intensely against the licensing of one or two establishments as examining, qualifying institutions on the grounds that it constitute a monopoly and that the establishments did not know what they were doing. Such a limited system of certification resulted in a scramble for students and for funds from patrons as a "new class" of temporary knowledge workers (tutors, lecturers, instructors, authors of textbooks and guides) grew up to support the need to legitimate colonial clerks.</p>
<p><a name="n12" href="#back12" id="n12"><sup>12</sup></a>&#160;&#160;On the institutional status of Sanskrit, see Monier Williams's preface to his <i>A Dictionary, English and Sanscrit</i> (London: Wm. H. Allen and Co., 1851), which was published under the patronage of the East India Company.</p>
<p><a name="n13" href="#back13" id="n13"><sup>13</sup></a>&#160;&#160;I have not standardized the spelling or punctuation of this or any of Gilchrist&#8217;s texts; indeed, some of his orthographic variations, e.g. "sunskrit," reinforce his insistence on the mutable and re-programmable quality of language. The appendix on "the art of thinking made easy" forecasts the future publication of an extended work on the same theme of English as a universal character founded on the disparate components of all languages of the "human race," to be issued under the title "The Polyglossal British Atlas, or His "New Comprehensive View of Literal Economy," which Gilchrist promises will outline the principles of</p>
<blockquote>Sterling English as a Catholic Tongue, which has been chiefly founded on the Rational Etymology of significant Roots, Prefixes, Interfixes, and Affixes, visible in most Dialects, and regulated universally by the euphonous Commutability of Letters, the Contraction or Expansion of Words, and the Transposition of their component Parts, including various other Effects that spring from one grand Cause namely, an inherent Euphony of Speech common to the whole Human Race, and actually in harmonious Concord with the very Nature of Man, through every Age and Clime. (appendix)</blockquote>
<p>For the homological entanglements of language and money exemplified by the phrase "sterling English," see Jean-Joseph Goux.</p>
<p><a name="n14" href="#back14" id="n14"><sup>14</sup></a>&#160;&#160;He makes similar claims in Volume 1 of The <i>British Indian Monitor</i>: "we should almost prefer our own letters to all others, for the dissemination and easy acquirement of the Hindoostanee" (xv). For some of the recent criticism on Sir William Jones, written in the wake of Said, see Jenny Sharpe; Alun David, "Sir William Jones, Biblical Orientalism and Indian Scholarship" <i>Modern Asian Studies</i> 30:1 (1996), 173-84; Garland Cannon, "Sir William Jones and Literary Orientalism," <i>Oriental Prospects: Western Literature and the Lure of the East</i>, Ed. C.C. Barfoot and Theo D&#8217;haen (Atlanta: Rodopi, 1998), 27-41; David Kopf, "The Historiography of British Orientalism, 1772-1992: Warren Hastings, William Jones, and the Birth of British Orientalism in Bengal," <i>Objects of Enquiry: The Life, Contributions, and Influences of Sir William Jones</i>, Ed. Garland Cannon (New York: NYU Press, 1995), 141-60; Michael J. Franklin, <i>Sir William Jones</i> (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1995); Fred Hoerner, "&#8216;A Tiger in a Brake&#8217;: The Stealth of Reason in the Scholarship of Sir William Jones in India," <i>Texas Studies in Literature and Language</i> 37:2 (Summer 1995), 215-32.</p>
<p><a name="n15" href="#back15" id="n15"><sup>15</sup></a>&#160;&#160;Gilchrist also used this particular syntactic construction as a title of the work devoted to clarifying his system of transcription: <i>The Hindee-Roman Orthoepigraphical Ultimatum</i>.</p>
<p><a name="n16" href="#back16" id="n16"><sup>16</sup></a>&#160;&#160;Reading his transcribed texts is ironically much like his exercise in the "art of thinking" in <i>The Tuitionary Pioneer</i>&#8212;one has to fill in the gaps in order to grasp what is being said.</p>
<p><a name="n17" href="#back17" id="n17"><sup>17</sup></a>&#160;&#160;These various projects can all be linked to Gilchrist&#8217;s in their interest in locating an ortho&#235;pical fulcrum point (usually English, but also Saxon and Greek), a "common stem" or literally universal standard by which all languages could be measured, registered, and gauged. See John Freeman, <i>The Elements of Oral Language</i> (London: H. Teape, 1821); George Edmonds, <i>A Universal Alphabet, Grammar, and Language: Comprising a Scientific Classification of the Radical Elements of Discourse: and Illustrative Translations from the Holy Scriptures and the Principal British Classics: to which is added, a Dictionary of the Language</i> (London: Richard Griffin and Co., 1856); Carl Lepsius, <i>Universal Alphabet</i>, In Christian Bunsen, <i>Christianity and Mankind</i>, Volume 4 (London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, 1854); R. Rees, <i>The Reesic Elements of Languages, or Universal Alphabet</i> (London: R. Rees, 1865). See Alexander John Ellis, <i>A Plea for Phonetic Spelling; or the Necessity of Orthographical Reform</i> (London: Fred Pitman, 1848); <i>Universal Digraphic Alphabet, composed entirely of ordinary types for accurately exhibiting the pronunciation of all languages</i> (London: F. Pitman, 1856); <i>Universal Writing and Printing with Ordinary Letters, for the use of Missionaries, Comparative Philologists, Linguists, and Phonologists</i> (Edinburgh: R. Seton, 1856).</p>
<p>A universal alphabet was imagined as the key to all linguistic mythologies, a system whereby the codes of other languages might be cracked, that is, made legible or audible by being translated or pronounced. A universal alphabet, then, was seen as a system that would aid the acquisition of other languages and international and interethnic communication ("interethnic" is a term relevant in connection with the nineteenth-century interest in ethno-philology, of which Lepsius&#8217;s work is an example). A universal alphabet was seen as being particularly instrumental for the missionary project because the bible could be translated into a language which "everyone" could "read."</p>
<p><a name="n18" href="#back18" id="n18"><sup>18</sup></a>&#160;&#160;The move to claim the value of the useful for Hindustani occurs repeatedly in his work, at least one example of which can be found in BIM, Volume 1, xxvii.</p>
<p><a name="n19" href="#back19" id="n19"><sup>19</sup></a>&#160;&#160;The use of the first-person plural "our" in this passage about a native tongue troubles somewhat the attribution of the MS to Mosse, insofar as the only other publication under that name was <i>Chronique de Paris, ou le spectateur moderne</i> (Paris 1812). Halkett and Laing attribute the book to Mosse as well. Contemporary review journals, such as <i>Gentleman&#8217;s Magazine</i>, <i>The Scots Magazine and Edinburgh Literary Miscellany</i>, <i>The British Critic</i>, <i>The British Review</i>, <i>and London Critical Journal</i>, do not show a record of the book, but its publication was announced in <i>The Edinburgh Review</i>; <i>Quarterly Review</i> 10 (October 1813-January 1814) and <i>Critical Review</i> 4 (November 1813). Philological treatises certainly did come to public notice in the review sheets so it is not impossible that Enclytica should have appeared, especially given its emphasis on the philosophy of language (the title of Part Three, for example, is "Of the Philosophy of Language, and of Alphabetic Character").</p>
<p>The evaluation of English as that tongue most suited to the expression of feeling refers back to a slightly earlier commentary in the text on the same theme: "The loftiest darings of poetic genius have in later ages most signalized those tongues, which are generally thought the farthest removed from poetic pliability...the people whose language is, after the Italian, the most flexible of modern tongues, has thought proper to bind down under the severest trammels of rule and prescription the energies of her muse" (132-3).</p>
<p><a name="n20" href="#back20" id="n20"><sup>20</sup></a>&#160;&#160;One way of shifting the critical emphasis away from the date held to be singularly important as a historical marker of a moment in which the tide turns in favor of English in India&#8212;1835&#8212;is to work with the concept of generation, one that virtually announces itself through the accident of typesetting that suspends this word at the bottom of the page in the second volume of Gilchrist&#8217;s <i>BIM</i> (lxii). Viswanathan handles the problem of the 1835 narrative by shifting the marker to another date&#8212;1813&#8212;but it is also worthwhile to talk of a kind of generational consciousness of an era after the first stage of colonization and before a prophetically expansive era of empire (hence the tendency in colonial writings to look ahead to an imperialistic, what I read as an apocalyptic, future). This question of a generational consciousness came to me after a discussion with Alan Liu about the theme of generation in relation to new literary-historiographic work such as James Chandler's. Within this historical interregnum, a moment in which the teleology of letters is also a teleology of civilization and of culture, lie the beginnings of the idea that language can be severed from its uses, and even from power, class, nation, ethnicity. This is an epistemological turn not wholly completed in the nineteenth century, but its roots lie nevertheless in this historical moment.</p>
<p><a name="n21" href="#back21" id="n21"><sup>21</sup></a>&#160;&#160;For an earlier example, see Henry Kett&#8217;s celebration of the beauties of English in his <i>A Dissertation</i>.</p>
<p><a name="n22" href="#back22" id="n22"><sup>22</sup></a>&#160;&#160;See the lectures by former University of California President Clark Kerr, published as <i>The Uses of the Multiversity</i>.</p>
<div align="center">
<p>Works Cited</p>
</div>
<p class="hang"><i>Asiatic Researches: or, Transactions of the Society Instituted in Bengal, for inquiring into the history and antiquities, the arts, sciences, and literature, of Asia</i>. Calcutta: Manuel Cantopher, 1788.</p>
<p class="hang">Beattie, James. <i>Theory of Language</i>. London: A. Strahan, 1788.</p>
<p class="hang">Cannon, Garland. "Sir William Jones and Literary Orientalism." <i>Oriental Prospects: Western Literature and the Lure of the East</i>. Ed. C.C. Barfoot and Theo D'haen. Atlanta: Rodopi, 1998. 27-41.</p>
<p class="hang">Chandler, James. <i>England in 1819: The Politics of Literary Culture and the Case of Romantic Historicism</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.</p>
<p class="hang">Cohn, Bernard. <i>Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge: The British in India</i>. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1996.</p>
<p class="hang">David, Alun. , "Sir William Jones, Biblical Orientalism and Indian Scholarship." <i>Modern Asian Studies</i>. 30.1 (1996): 173-84.</p>
<p class="hang">Edmonds, George. <i>A Universal Alphabet, Grammar, and Language: Comprising a Scientific Classification of the Radical Elements of Discourse: and Illustrative Translations from the Holy Scriptures and the Principal British Classics: to which is added, a Dictionary of the Language</i>. London: Richard Griffin and Co., 1856.</p>
<p class="hang">Ellis, Alexander John. <i>A Plea for Phonetic Spelling; or the Necessity of Orthographical Reform</i>. London: Fred Pitman, 1848.</p>
<p class="hang"><i>Enclytica. Being the Outlines of a Course of Instruction on the Principles of Universal Grammar, as Deduced in an Analysis of the Vernacular Tongue</i>. London: B. Howlett, 1814.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <i>Universal Digraphic Alphabet, composed entirely of ordinary types for accurately exhibiting the pronunciation of all languages</i>. London: F. Pitman, 1856.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <i>Universal Writing and Printing with Ordinary Letters, for the use of Missionaries, Comparative Philologists, Linguists, and Phonologists</i>. Edinburgh: R. Seton, 1856.</p>
<p class="hang">Franklin, Michael J. <i>Sir William Jones</i>. Cardiff: U of Wales P, 1995.</p>
<p class="hang">Freeman, John. <i>The Elements of Oral Language</i>. London: H. Teape, 1821.</p>
<p class="hang">Gilchrist, John. <i>The Oriental Green Bag!! Or a Complete Sketch of Edwards Alter in the Royal Exchequer, Containing a full Account of the Battle with the Books between a Belle and a Dragon: by a radical admirer of the great Sir William Jones&#8217;s civil, religious, and political creed, against whom informations have recently been lodged for the Treasonable Offence and heinous crime of deep-rooted Hostility to Corruption and Despotism, in every Shape and Form; on the sacred oath of Peeping Tom at Coventry</i>. London: J.B. Gilchrist, 1820.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <i>The Anti-Jargonist; or a short introduction to the Hindoostanee language ... with an extensive vocabulary English and Hindoostanee, and Hindoostanee and English ... being partly an abridgment of the Oriental Linguist</i>. Calcutta: 1800.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <i>A Bold Epistolary Rhapsody Addressed to the Proprietors of East-India Stock in particular, and to every individual of the Welch, Scottish and English nations in general</i>. London: Ridgway, 1833.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <i>A Dictionary: English and Hindoostanee</i>. Calcutta: Stuart and Cooper, 1787-90.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <i>Dialogues, English and Hindoostanee; for illustrating the grammatical principles of the Stranger's East Indian Guide and to promote the colloquial intercourse of Europeans, on the most indispensable and familiar subjects with the natives of India</i>. 3rd Edition. London: Black, Kingsbury, Parbury, and Allen, 1820.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <i>The General East India Guide and Vade Mecum: for the public functionary, government officer, private agent, trader or foreign sojourner, in British India, and the adjacent parts of Asia immediately connected with the honourable East India Company</i>. London: Kingsbury, Parbury and Allen, 1825.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <i>A Grammar, of the Hindoostanee Language, or Part Third of Volume First, of a System of Hindoostanee Philology</i>. Calcutta: Chronicle Press, 1796.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <i>The Hindee-Roman Orthoepigraphical Ultimatum;or a systematic, descriminative view of Oriental and Occidental visible Sounds, on fixed and practical principles for acquiring the ... pronunciation of many Oriental languages; exemplified in one hundred popular anecdotes, ... and proverbs of the Hindoostanee story teller</i>. London: 1820.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <i>British Indian Monitor; or, the Antijargonist, Stranger's Guide, Oriental Linguist, and Various Other Words, compressed into a series of portable volumes, on the Hindoostanee Language, improperly called Moors; with considerable information respecting Eastern tongues, manners, customs, &amp;c</i>. Edinburgh: Walker &amp; Grieg, 1806-8.</p>
<p class="hang">---. <i>The Orienti-Occidental Tuitionary Pioneer to Literary Pursuits, by the King's and Company's Officers of all Ranks, Capacities, and Departments, either as probationers at scholastic establishments, during the early periods of life, their outward voyage to the East, or while actually serving in British India...A Complete Regular Series of Fourteen Reports...earnestly recommending also the general Introduction, and efficient Culture immediately, of Practical Orientalism, simultaneously with Useful Occident Learning at all the Colleges, respectable Institutions, Schools, or Academies, in the United Kingdom,...a brief prospectus of the art of thinking made easy and attractive to Children, by the early and familiar union of theory with colloquial practice, on commensurate premises, in some appropriate examples, lists, &amp;c. besides a Comprehensive Panglossal Diorama for a universal Language and Character...a perfectly new theory of Latin verbs</i>. London: 1816 [folio].</p>
<p class="hang">Goux, Jean-Joseph. <i>The Coiners of Language</i>. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 1994.</p>
<p class="hang">Hadley, George. <i>A Compendious Grammar of the Current Corrupt Dialect of the Jargon of Hindostan, (commonly called Moors); with a Vocabulary, English and Moors, Moors and English</i>. 7th edition. London: J. Asperne, 1809.</p>
<p class="hang">Hoerner, Fred. "'A Tiger in a Brake': The Stealth of Reason in the Scholarship of Sir William Jones in India." <i>Texas Studies in Literature and Language</i>. 37.2 (Summer 1995): 215-32.</p>
<p class="hang">Kerr, Clark. <i>The Uses of the Multiversity</i>. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1963.</p>
<p class="hang">Kett, Henry. <i>A Dissertation on Language in General, More particularly on the Beauties and Defects of the English</i>. Paris: Parsons and Galignani, 1805.</p>
<p class="hang">Kopf, David. "The Historiography of British Orientalism, 1772-1992: Warren Hastings, William Jones, and the Birth of British Orientalism in Bengal." <i>Objects of Enquiry: The Life, Contributions, and Influences of Sir William Jones</i>. Ed. Garland Cannon. New York: NYU P, 1995. 141-60.</p>
<p class="hang">Lepsius, Carl. <i>Universal Alphabet</i>. In Christian Bunsen. <i>Christianity and Mankind</i>. Volume 4. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, 1854.</p>
<p class="hang"><i>The Letters of Sir William Jones</i>. Volume II. ed. Garland Cannon. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1970.</p>
<p class="hang">Makdisi, Saree. <i>Romantic Imperialism: Universal Empire and the Culture of Modernity</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1998.</p>
<p class="hang">R. Rees, R. <i>The Reesic Elements of Languages, or Universal Alphabet</i>. London: R. Rees, 1865.</p>
<p class="hang">Said, Edward. <i>Orientalism</i>. New York: Vintage, 1979.</p>
<p class="hang">Sharpe, Jenny. "The Violence of Light in the Land of Desire; or, How William Jones Discovered India." <i>Boundary 2</i> 20.2 (Winter 1992): 26-46.</p>
<p class="hang">Williams, Monier. <i>A Dictionary, English and Sanscrit</i>. London: Wm. H. Allen and Co., 1851.</p>
<p class="hang"><i>The Works of Sir William Jones</i>. Volume 1. London: G.G. and J. Robinson, 1799.</p>
</li>
</ol></div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-authored-by-secondary- field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Authored by (Secondary):&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" rel="role:AUT"><a href="/person/raley-rita">Raley, Rita</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31532">Praxis Series</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-taxonomy-vocabulary-3 field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Tags:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/1286" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">colonialism</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/677" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">India</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/person/sir-william-jones" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Sir William Jones</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/682" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Orientalism</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/809" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">language</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/886" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">philology</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/person/john-gilchrist" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">John Gilchrist</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/909" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">English</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/910" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">comparative philology</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/911" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Hindustani</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/912" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Hindoostanee</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/person/saree-makdisi" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Saree Makdisi</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/914" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">grammar</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/915" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">translation</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/916" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">orthoepigraphical transcription</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/917" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Roman letters</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/918" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">universal alphabet</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/919" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">universal character</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/920" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">enclitic</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/921" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Asiatic languages</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/922" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Asiatic Society of Bengal</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/923" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">common source</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/924" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Indo-European languages</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/925" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">instrumentality</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/926" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">vernaculars</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/927" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">vernacular languages</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/john-gilchrist" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">John Gilchrist</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/william-wordsworth-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Wordsworth</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/john-borthwick-gilchrist" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">John Borthwick Gilchrist</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/bernard-cohn" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Bernard Cohn</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/sir-william-jones" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Sir William Jones</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/john-wesley" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">John Wesley</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/alexander-john-ellis" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Alexander John Ellis</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/rita-raley" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Rita Raley</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/james-mackintosh" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">James Mackintosh</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-city-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">City:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/coventry" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Coventry</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/london" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">London</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-country-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Country:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/india" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">India</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-continent-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Continent:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/continent/asia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Asia</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-field-nines-discipline-s- field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">NINES Discipline(s):&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/nines-discipline/literature" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Literature</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-field-nines-type-s- field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">NINES Type(s):&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/nines-type/typescript" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Typescript</a></li></ul></section>Fri, 23 Mar 2012 17:36:01 +0000rc-admin16281 at http://www.rc.umd.eduAbout This Hypertexthttp://www.rc.umd.edu/editions/sceptic/about.html
<div class="field field-name-field-published field-type-date field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="collex:date" datatype="gYearMonth"><span class="date-display-single" property="collex:date" datatype="gYearMonth" content="2004-01-01T00:00:00-05:00">January 2004</span></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><div align="center">
<h2>About This Hypertext</h2>
<span class="smmenu"><a href="#editors">editors</a> | <a href="#contributors">contributors</a> | <a href="#acknowledgements">acknowledgements</a> | <a href="#text">text</a> | <a href="#images">images</a> | <a href="#design">design</a></span></div>
<div align="center">
<hr size="1"/></div>
<h3><b><a name="editors"> </a></b>The Editors</h3>
<p><i>Nanora Sweet</i> is a member of the English Department and Institute for Women's and Gender Studies at the University of Missouri-St. Louis. She has published essays concerning Hemans in <i>At the Limits of Romanticism</i>, <i>The Lessons of Romanticism</i>, <i>Approaches to Teaching British Women Poets of the Romantic Period</i>, <i>The Novel's Seductions: Sta&#235;l's Corinne in Critical Inquiry</i>, and the <i>European Romantic Review</i> and contributed entries on Hemans to new editions of the <i>Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature</i> and the <i>Dictionary of National Biography</i>. She has co-edited the essay collection <i>Felicia Hemans: Reimagining Poetry in the Nineteenth Century</i> for Palgrave in 2001.</p>
<p><i>Barbara Taylor</i> completed her doctoral research project, <i>Felicia Hemans: The Making of a Professional Poet</i>, in 1998. Her essay on Felicia Hemans and the Royal Society of Literature, "The Search for a Space," appears in <i>Felicia Hemans: Re-Imagining Poetry in the Nineteenth Century</i> (2001).</p>
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<h3><b><a name="contributors"> </a></b> The Contributors</h3>
<p><i>Andrew Elfenbein</i> is Professor of English at University of Minnesota-Twin Cities. He is the author of <i>Byron and the Victorians</i> (1995) and <i>Romantic Genius: The Prehistory of a Homosexual Role</i> (1999) and is currently working on a project about queer family structures.</p>
<p><i>Anne Hartman</i> has recently completed doctoral research on discourses of confession in the early nineteenth century at Birkbeck College, University of London. She has co-edited a scholarly edition of Dinah Craik, and is working on a bibliography of nineteenth-century women poets for <i>Annotated Bibliography for English Studies</i>.</p>
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<b><a name="acknowledgements"> </a></b>
<h3>Acknowledgements</h3>
<p>This edition is the result of a cross Atlantic collaboration originally instigated by Adriana Craciun as part of the work of the University of Nottingham Centre for Byron Studies and we would like to thank her for her help and support. We would also like to thank Sanjiv Patel of the University of Nottingham's Learning Group for all his work and patience in designing the original site (and Ben Pekkanen and Kate Singer for transforming it for Romantic Circles). We have benefited from technical help from both sides of the Atlantic; in Nottingham from John Walsh and Rosa Talbut in the Study Support Centre and from the University of Missouri-St. Louis both Jennifer Spearman-Simms and Teri Vogler in the Faculty Resource Center. We also thank Virginia Murray for permission to include the letters of Felicia Hemans and Lord Byron. These letters are property of the Murray Archive, London.</p>
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<b><a name="text"> </a></b>
<h3>The Text</h3>
<p>This edition presents and excavates the text and context of Felicia Hemans's 1820 pamphlet-poem <i>The Sceptic</i>. Neglected by the poet's current editors, <i>The Sceptic</i> places Hemans in direct contention with Byron over belief in an afterlife in a time of uncertainty for both poets. The edition includes letters, reviews, poems, and images. A set of critical essays by Anne Hartman and Andrew Elfenbein and editors Barbara Taylor and Nanora Sweet probe Hemans's work for its engagement with Byron, allusions to topics of the day (from Peterloo to scientific debate in the <i>Quarterly Review</i>), exploitation of a poetry of praise and blame shared with Byron, and negotiation of gender through poetic style and philosophical argument.</p>
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<h3><b><a name="images"> </a></b> <b>The Images</b></h3>
<p>The portrait of Felicia Hemans was painted by William Edward West in 1827 and is used with permission of the May Somerville family. This edition also presents a <a href="/editions/sceptic/gallery.html">Gallery</a> of paintings from Nottingham City Museums, engravings of Hemans and Byron as well as original photographs of Newstead Abbey and memorials to both Hemans and Bryon taken by editor Nanora Sweet.</p>
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<b><a name="design"> </a></b>
<h3><b>The Design</b></h3>
<p>This hypertext edition was designed and marked up at the University of Maryland by Ben Pekkanen and <a href="mailto:ksinger@wam.umd.edu">Kate Singer</a>, Site Managers at Romantic Circles. Making extensive use of tables and style sheets for layout and presentation, it will work best when viewed with Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator versions 5.0 and 4.7, respectively, and higher. The HTML markup is HTML 4.01/Transitional compliant, as set out by the <a href="http://www.w3c.org/">World Wide Web Consortium</a>.</p>
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</div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31535">Electronic Editions</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Resource:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/editions/sceptic/index.html">The Sceptic; A Poem: A Hemans-Byron Dialogue</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-taxonomy-vocabulary-3 field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Tags:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/percy-bysshe-shelley-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Percy Bysshe Shelley</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/hume" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Hume</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/taxonomy/term/1531" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Peterloo Massacre</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/taxonomy/term/1759" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">skepticism</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/gibbon" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Gibbon</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/taxonomy/term/2736" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Quarterly Review</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4706" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">The Sceptic</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4707" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Manfred</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4708" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Childe Harold&#039;s Pilgrimage</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4709" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">woman poet</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/murray" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Murray</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4711" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">sceptic</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4712" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">skeptic</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4713" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">sceptical</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/title/common-sense" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Common Sense</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4715" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">The Forest Sanctuary</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4716" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">The Domestic Affections</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4717" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">poetic femininity</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4718" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">bluestocking</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4719" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">heterodoxy</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4720" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">epideictic</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4721" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">didactic</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/jeffrey-walker" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jeffrey Walker</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/bossuet" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Bossuet</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4724" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">1819</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/taxonomy/term/4725" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">life after death</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-taxonomy-vocabulary-52 field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Section:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/section/editions/the-sceptic-a-hemans-byron-dialogue" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">The Sceptic: A Hemans-Byron Dialogue</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-organization-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Organization:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/organization/royal-society-of-literature" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Royal Society of Literature</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/organization/university-of-missouri-st-louis" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">University of Missouri-St. Louis</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/organization/institute-for-women" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Institute for Women</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/organization/english-department" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">English Department</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/organization/university-of-minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">University of Minnesota</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/organization/university-of-london" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">University of London</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/felicia-dorothea-hemans" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Felicia Dorothea Hemans</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/anne-hartman" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Anne Hartman</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/nanora-sweet" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nanora Sweet</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/andrew-elfenbein" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Andrew Elfenbein</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/barbara-taylor" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Barbara Taylor</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/missouri" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Missouri</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li></ul></section>Thu, 23 Feb 2012 13:13:06 +0000rc-admin17267 at http://www.rc.umd.eduNASSR '96http://www.rc.umd.edu/reference/misc/confarchive/nassr96.html
<div class="field field-name-field-published field-type-date field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="1996-11-01T00:00:00-05:00">November 1996</span></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><!--Couldn't selectively extract content, Imported Full Body :( May need to used a more carefully tuned import template.-->
<h2 align="center">NASSR Annual Convention, 1996</h2>
<div align="center">Note: The formatting of the following program follows the original. We have made only minor changes throughout, correcting obvious errors and making some listings more uniform to facilitate electronic searching.</div>
<h2 align="center">ROMANTIC CROSSINGS</h2>
<h2 align="center">November 14-16, Boston area (Sheraton Tara, Newton)</h2>
<center>Go directly to: <a href="#thursday">Thursday, 14 November</a> -- <a href="#friday">Friday, 15 November</a> -- <a href="#saturday">Saturday, 16 November</a></center>
<hr/>
<center>Sponsored by:
<p>University of Massachusetts-Boston and Boston College</p>
<p>Co-sponsored by:</p>
<p>Boston University<br/>
Harvard University<br/>
MIT<br/>
Northeastern University<br/>
Tufts University<br/>
Wellesley College</p>
</center>
<h3>1996 Conference Committee</h3>
<!-- bad link to Fay homepage cleared out on 10/17/00 by JMD -->Elizabeth Fay, U of Massachusetts-Boston (Conference Director)<br/>
Alan Richardson, Boston College (Program Director)<br/>
Leo Damrosch, Harvard Univ.; Alison Hickey, Wellesley College; Sonia Hofkosh, Tufts Univ.; William Keach, Brown Univ.; Stuart Peterfreund, Northeastern Univ.; Tilottama Rajan, Univ. of Western Ontario; Charles J. Rzepka, Boston Univ.; Irene Tayler, MIT
<hr/>
<h2><a name="thursday" id="thursday">Thursday, 14 November, 1996</a></h2>
<h3>Thursday, 9 a.m.-11 a.m.</h3>
Registration
<h3>Thursday, 11 a.m.-12:30 p.m.</h3>
Concurrent sessions:
<ul>
<li>Romanticism and Conspiracy (Special session organized by Orrin Wang, Univ. of Maryland-College Park): Thursday, 11:00
<ol>
<li>"Paranoid Politics: Shelley and the <i>Quarterly Review</i>" (Kim Wheatley, Univ. of Maryland-College Park)</li>
<li>"Retroactivating the Past: Prophetic Cognition in Blake and Coleridge" (Thomas Pfau, Duke Univ.)</li>
<li>"On His Majesty's Secret Service: Was Wordsworth Spy Nosy Too?" (Kenneth R. Johnston, Indiana Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Discursive Junctures (Chair: Stuart Peterfreund, Northeastern Univ.): Thursday, 11:00
<ol>
<li>"Voltaic Piles and Poetic Similes: The Sonnets of Alessandro Volta" (Stuart Peterfreund, Northeastern Univ.)</li>
<li>"Schelling's Tragic Medicine" (Martin Wallen, Oklahoma State Univ.)</li>
<li>"Crossing into Reason: The End of Legal Revenge in Ashford v. Thornton, Ivanhoe, and Popular Discourse" (Mark Schoenfield, Vanderbilt Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>"Gross and Violent Stimulants": British Romanticism and the Idea of Germany (Special session organized by <a href="http://www.english.upenn.edu/~mgamer/">Michael Gamer</a>, Univ. of Pennsylvania): Thursday, 11:00
<ol>
<li>"Ballad Crazes, Spectacular Stages, and the Problem of Germany" (<a href="http://www.english.upenn.edu/~mgamer/">Michael Gamer</a>, Univ. of Pennsylvania)</li>
<li>"Domesticity and Disappointment in Ann Radcliffe's German Travels" (Jeanne Moskal, Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill)</li>
<li>"The Reputation of German Drama Domesticated in Joanna Baillie's Prefaces and Plays" (Marueen Dowd, Loyola Univ. of Chicago)</li>
<li>"Dora Wordsworth, William Wordsworth, and a Jewish Family in the Rhineland (1828)" (Judith Page, Millsaps College)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Between Politics and Aesthetics (Chair: John Mahoney, Boston College): Thursday, 11:00
<ol>
<li>"Blake, Reynolds, and the Aesthetics of Race" (Paul Youngquist, Penn State Univ.)</li>
<li>"Unmanageable Sights: Wordsworth and Constable at the Panoramas." (Gillen Darcy Wood, Columbia Univ.)</li>
<li>"Aesthetic Ideology and Aesthetic Critique" (Deborah Elise White, Columbia Univ.)</li>
<li>Response (John Mahoney, Boston College)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Thursday, 1:30 p.m.-3 p.m.</h3>
Concurrent sessions:
<ul>
<li>Romanticism After Literature: Parallel Universes (Chair: Clifford Siskin, SUNY Stony Brook): Thursday, 1:30
<ol>
<li>"Introduction: Romanticism After Literature" (Clifford Siskin, SUNY Stony Brook)</li>
<li>"The Picturesque Imperative" (Nancy Armstrong, Brown Univ.)</li>
<li>"In and Out of the Universe of Writing" (Philip Martin, Cheltenham and Gloucester School of Higher Education)</li>
<li>"Is There (British) Romanticism Without Literature?" (David Simpson, Columbia Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Hybrids and Native Grounds: Romantic Ecologies I (Special session organized by James McKusick, Univ. of Maryland-Baltimore County): Thursday, 1:30
<ol>
<li>"De Quincey and Colonial Dietary Anxiety" (Alan Bewell, Univ. of Toronto)</li>
<li>"Blake's Deep Ecology" (Mark Lussier, Arizona State Univ.)</li>
<li>"Defining the Self, Defiling the Countryside: Autobiographical Travel Writing and Romantic Ecology" (Heather Frey, Indiana Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>At the Borders of French Romanticism (Chair: Robert R. Daniel, Saint Joseph's Univ.): Thursday, 1:30
<ol>
<li>"Constituting the Petits Romantiques" (Robert R. Daniel, Saint Joseph's Univ.)</li>
<li>"When Less is Too Much: Guatier and the 'Petits Romantiques'" (Lois Cassandra Hamrick, Saint Louis Univ.)</li>
<li>"A Fantastic Narrative Titled 'Romanticism'" (Margaret Miner, Univ. of Illinois-Chicago)</li>
<li>"Maxim and (Un)commonplace: Forneret and Baudelaire" (Amy Ransom, Univ. of Montevallo)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Redrawing Political Boundaries (Chair: Charles Mahoney, Univ. of Connecticut): Thursday, 1:30
<ol>
<li>"The Big Chill: 'Frost at Midnight,' John Thelwall and the Poetics of Repression" (Judith Thompson, Dalhousie Univ.)</li>
<li>"Literacy, Illiteracy, and Ventriloquism in the Writing of Robert Wedderburn" (Michael Scrivener, Wayne State Univ.)</li>
<li>"Cockneys in Tuscany" (Jeffrey N. Cox, Texas A&amp;M Univ.)</li>
<li>"Periodical Indigestion: Hazlitt's Unpalatable Politics and the 'Sandwich of Literature'"(Charles Mahoney, Univ. of Connecticut)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Thursday, 4 p.m.-6 p.m.</h3>
Reception at the Castle (hosted by Boston University)
<h3>Thursday, 6:30 p.m.-8:00 p.m.</h3>
Keynote address (at Boston University): "'A Crisis in My Mental History': Mill, Wordsworth, and the Question of Borders," Peter J. Manning (Univ. of Southern California)
<p>Response: Karen Swann (Williams College)</p>
<hr/>
<h2><a name="friday" id="friday">Friday, 15 November</a></h2>
<h3>Friday, 9 a.m.-10:30 a.m.</h3>
Concurrent sessions:
<ul>
<li>Hybrids and Native Grounds: Romantic Ecologies II (Special session organized by James McKusick, Univ. of Maryland-Baltimore County): Friday, 9:00
<ol>
<li>"Romanticism and the Metaphysics of Species" (Onno Oerlemans, Univ. of Ottawa)</li>
<li>"Coleridge, Darwin, Linnaeus: The Sexual Politics of Botany" (Tim Fulford, Nottingham Trent Univ.)</li>
<li>"An Absence of Azaleas: Imperialism, Nativity and Exoticism in Romantic Ecological Ideology" (Greg Garrard, Univ. of Wales, Swansea)</li>
<li>"'Ultimate Weeds' and 'Writing Larks': Introduced Species and Native Semiosis In/Between Contemporary Biology and the Natural History Poetry of John Clare" (W. John Coletta, Univ. of Wisconsin-Stevens Point)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Collaborative Crossings (Chair: Alison Hickey, Wellesley College): Friday, 9:00
<ol>
<li>"Generic Desires: Godwin and His Wollstonecraft" (Ranita Chatterjee, Univ. of Utah)</li>
<li>"Authorial Crossings / Editing Minervas: William Godwin's Liminal Manoeuvres in Wollstonecraft's Wrongs of Woman" (Gerard Goggin, Univ. of Sydney)</li>
<li>"The Crossings of Collaboration: Coleridge, Southey, and the Anti-Jacobin" (Alison Hickey, Wellesley College)</li>
<li>"The 'Hidden Dialogue' between Dorothy Wordsworth's 1798 Alfoxden Journal and 'Tintern Abbey'" (Jeffrey Loo, Franklin and Marshall College)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Crossing to Germany (Chair: tba): Friday, 9:00
<ol>
<li>"Banning the Human from Nature and Nature from the Human in Kant's Aesthetics" (Karin Schutjer, Univ. of Missouri-Columbia)</li>
<li>"Lucinde's Rhetoric of Love" (Marc Redfield, Claremont Graduate School)</li>
<li>"Dorothea Schlegel and Italy" (Bertina Loeffler, Univ. of California, San Diego)</li>
<li>"The Borders of a Lip: Kleist, Language, Politics" (Jan Plug, SUNY Buffalo)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Border Aesthetics: Constituting the Subject (Special session organized by Laura Doyle, Univ. of Massachusetts-Amherst): Friday, 9:00
<ol>
<li>"Out of Bounds: Epistolary Subjects and 'Scandalous' Memoirs" (Mary Jacobus, Cornell Univ.)</li>
<li>"The Many Writing Subjects of Mary Robinson: A Clef Literature and the Institutional Narratives of Romanticism" (Christine Cooper, Univ. of Massachusetts-Amherst)</li>
<li>"Border Tales: Unsettling the English Subject in the British Peripheries" (Ina Ferris, Univ. of Ottawa)</li>
<li>"The Uncanny: At Home with Wordsworth and Freud" (Betty Green, Boston College)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Electronic Texts and Textuality (Seminar organized by <a href="http://www.providence.edu/eng/graver/">Bruce Graver</a>, Providence College; open to seminar members only): Friday, 9:00
<ol>
<li>"Editorial Methodology and the Electronic Text" (Julia Flanders, Women Writers Project, Brown Univ.)</li>
<li>"The WWW as an Expressive Medium for Students of the Humanities" (David Garcia, NYU)</li>
<li>"Hype or Hypertext: Scholarship and the Limits of Technology" (Ashton Nichols, Dickinson College)</li>
<li>"The Romantic Circles Website and Emergent Forms of Scholarship Online" (<a href="http://www.rc.umd.edu/sjones/blog/">Steven Jones</a>, Loyola Univ.)</li>
<li>"Romantic Text / Electronic Text: Designing a New Pedagogical Practice for Romantic Studies" (F. William Ruegg, Univ. of Florida and <a href="http://www.lcc.gatech.edu/~broglio/">Ron Broglio</a>, Univ. of Florida)</li>
<li>"Romantic Billboards on the Infobahn" (John Anderson, Boston College)</li>
<li>"Workshop of Filthy Creation, Cyberspace Division" (<a href="http://www.english.upenn.edu/~jlynch/">Jack Lynch</a>, Univ. of Pennsylvania)</li>
<li>"Electrifying Wordsworth" (Ronald Tetrault, Dalhousie Univ.)</li>
<li>Response (Brennan O'Donnell, Loyala College and Mark Ledden, Emory Univ.)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Friday, 11 a.m.-12:30 p.m.</h3>
Concurrent sessions:
<ul>
<li>English Radicalism and Irish Nationalism: Transformations of Political Discourse Across the Irish Sea (Special session organized by Julia M. Wright, Univ. of Waterloo): Friday, 11:00
<ol>
<li>"Celtic Canons: Maria Edgeworth's Castle Rackrent, the Scottish Enlightenment, and Irish Radical Politics in the late 1780s and 90s" (Cl&#237;ona &#211;. Gallachoir, Trinity College, Cambridge Univ.)</li>
<li>"Roche's Loss: Genre, Violence and Cultural Nationalism in Ireland" (Miranda J. Burgess, Univ. of New Brunswick)</li>
<li>"Napoleonic Ireland and the Aestheticization of Politics" (John P. Waters, Univ. of Notre Dame)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Writing Across Gender Lines (Chair: Irene Tayler, MIT): Friday, 11:00
<ol>
<li>"Last Tango with Napoleon: Helen Maria Williams and the Rise and Fall of Napoleon Bonaparte" (Deborah Kennedy, Mount Allison Univ.)</li>
<li>"Lesbianism and Romantic Genius: The Poetry of Anne Bannerman" (Andrew Elfenbein, Univ. of Minnesota)</li>
<li>"Splitting the Subject: Mary Tighe's Psyche and Selena" (Harriet Kramer Linkin, New Mexico State Univ.)</li>
<li>"Joanna Southcott's Strange Effects" (Sonia Hofkosh, Tufts Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Intertextual Blake (Chair: Leo Damrosch, Harvard Univ.): Friday, 11:00
<ol>
<li>"Classical Forms, Romantic Cities: Blake, Boullee, and Ledoux" (Jennifer Davis Michael, Univ. of the South)</li>
<li>"Blake's Pope" (Paul Yoder, Univ. of Arkansas-Little Rock)</li>
<li>"Discourse, Subjectivity, and the Location of the Satanic: Blake's Milton and the Poetics of 'Self-Examination' (Kevin D. Hutchings, McMaster Univ.)</li>
<li>Response (Leo Damrosch, Harvard Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Sharing the Transport: Trade and Literature (Special session organized by Timothy Morton, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder): Friday, 11:00
<ol>
<li>"Peacock and the Politics of Steam Navigation to India" (Nicholas Joukovsky)</li>
<li>"'Hitherto Closed to British Enterprise': Writing and Trading the Hispanic World after 1820" (Nanora Sweet, Univ. of Missouri, St. Louis)</li>
<li>"Paring Away Excrescences: The East India Company and Sir William Jones as Political Context for Romantic Allegory" (Fred Hoerner, Univ. of Texas, Austin)</li>
<li>"'Imperial Mistress of the Obedient Sea': The Spatiality of Imperialism in Charlotte Smith's 'Beachy Head'" (Ang Jordan, Indiana Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Romanticism and the "Other" (Seminar organized by Jerrold Hogle, Univ. of Arizona; open to seminar members only): Friday, 11:00
<ol>
<li>"Introduction: The Evolving Forms of the Romantic Other" (Jerrold E. Hogle, Univ. of Arizona)</li>
<li>"Self and Other in Coleridge: Between Ricoeur and Levinas" (David P. Haney, Auburn Univ.)</li>
<li>"William Blake Represents the Other" (James Stanger, Univ. of California, Riverside)</li>
<li>"The Presence of an 'Other' in Shelley's Prefaces" (Michael Laplace-Sinatra, Romanticism on the Net)</li>
<li>"The Sublime Other: Persecution, Transcendence, and Anonymity in Shelley's Prometheus Unbound" (Robert Jones, Univ. of California, Riverside)</li>
<li>"'A Hideous Likeness of Herself': Maternity and Otherness in Percy B. Shelley's The Cenci" (Julie Costello, Univ. of Notre Dame)</li>
<li>"A Mother's Bequest to her Daughter: Intertextual Parallels Between Mary Wollstonecraft and Mary Shelley" (Robert P. Biehl, Boston College)</li>
<li>"Frankenstein's Left Hand: Mary Shelley, Ursula K. LeGuin, and the Other" (Robert Frost Anderson, Francis Marion Univ.)</li>
<li>"Speculative Dismemberment and Romantic Difference" (Linda Brigham, Kansas State Univ.)</li>
<li>"Ireland: British Romanticism's Unacknowledged Other" (Kellie Donovan Wixson, Keene State College)</li>
<li>"A Life of Great and Various Sufferings: Slaves and Exiles in Charlotte Turner Smith's Writings" (Kandi A. Tayebi, Univ. of Northern Colorado)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Friday, 1:30 p.m.-3 p.m.</h3>
Concurrent sessions:
<ul>
<li>Transglobal Romanticism (Chair: James A. W. Heffernan, Dartmouth Univ.): Friday, 1:30
<ol>
<li>"'Beyond the stretch of labouring thought sublime': Romanticism, Postcolonialism, and the Transmission of Sanskrit Texts" (Kathryn S. Freeman, Univ. of Miami)</li>
<li>"Split Subjects? Elizabeth Hamilton's Hindoo Rajah" (Susan B. Taylor, Univ. of Colorado-Colorado Springs)</li>
<li>"(Dis)orienting the Self: Byron's Oriental Tales and Travels" (Eric Daffron, Mississippi Univ. for Women)</li>
<li>4. Response (James A.W. Heffernan, Dartmouth Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Transmission of Texts (Special session organized by Heather Jackson, Univ. of Toronto): Friday, 1:30
<ol>
<li>"From Shakespeare to Johnson to Coleridge" (James Engell, Harvard Univ.)</li>
<li>"Translation as Textual Transmission: Byron's Crossing of the Armenians" (Michael S. Macovski, Fordham Univ.)</li>
<li>"The Space of Textual Transmission: Germaine De Stael's Coppet and the Erotics of Romantic Exchange" (Ann T. Gardiner, NYU)</li>
<li>"Constructing the Blake Archive" (Joseph Viscomi, Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Aesthetics and Ideology (Special session organized by Susan Wolfson, Princeton Univ.): Friday, 1:30
<ol>
<li>"The Madness of King George, by Mary Wollstonecraft" (Robert Kaufman, Stanford Univ.)</li>
<li>"Cythna's Subtler Language" (William Keach, Brown Univ.)</li>
<li>"'Those Limbs Disjointed of Gigantic Power': Barbauld's Personifications and the (Mis)Attribution of Political Agency" (Laura Mandell, Miami Univ.)</li>
<li>"What's Wrong with Formalist Criticism?" (Susan Wolfson, Princeton Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Romantic Transpositions (Chair: tba): Friday, 1:30
<ol>
<li>"Necessary Inventions: <i>Beowulf</i> as Romantic Text" (Clare Simmons, Ohio State Univ.)</li>
<li>"Sing Willow, Willow, Willow, Willow: Othello in Rossinian Garb" (Jean-Pierre Barricelli, Univ. of California, Riverside)</li>
<li>"'The Ocular Proof': Othello and Don Juan Canto VI" (Jane Stabler, Univ. of Dundee)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Gendering Romantic Poetry: Paradigms of Inclusion and Exclusion (Seminar organized by Harriet K. Linkin, New Mexico SU; open to seminar members only): Friday, 1:30
<ol>
<li>"Fashioning a Feminist Canon? Romantic Women Poets and the Politics of the Anthology" (Elizabeth Eger, King's College, Cambridge Univ.)</li>
<li>"Reading Romanticisms: Practices and Prospects for Rereading Women Romantic Writers" (Lori Branch West, Indiana Univ.)</li>
<li>"Canonical Crossings: The Case of Felicia Hemans" (Leith Davis, Simon Fraser Univ., and Margaret Linley, Simon Fraser Univ.)</li>
<li>"Gendering the Canons of Romanticism: Past, Present, and to Come" (Greg Kucich, Univ. of Notre Dame)</li>
<li>"Joanna Baillie and the 'still small voice' of Femininity" (Amanda Gilroy, Univ. of Groningen)</li>
<li>"Romantic Constructions" (Katherine Montwieler, Univ. of Georgia)</li>
<li>"An Interrogation of he Solitary in the Landscapes of Charlotte Smith and William Wordsworth" (Elizabeth Ann Neighbors, Univ. of Georgia)</li>
<li>"The 'Paradox of Cookery': Latent Anorexia in Romantic Women's Poetry" (Denise Wolitz, Univ. of South Carolina)</li>
<li>"Inherit the Nerves: Sara Coleridge and the Sensorium Commune" (Donelle Ruwe, Fitchburg State College)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Friday, 3:30 p.m.-5 p.m.</h3>
Concurrent sessions:
<ul>
<li>Freedom, Lyricism, and the Cross of Greece (Chair: David S. Ferris, CUNY): Friday, 3:30
<ol>
<li>"'Blank Misgivings': Wordsworth's Hellenism" (Tom McCall, Univ. of Houston)</li>
<li>"Double Crossing the Greeks: Shelley's Persians" (David S. Ferris, CUNY)</li>
<li>"Whose Language? Poetry for a Free World" (Jan Mieszkowski, Johns Hopkins Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Transgressive Readers and Readings (Special session organized by Marlon Ross, Univ. of Michigan): Friday, 3:30
<ol>
<li>"The Politics of Plebeian Reading Audiences: Reading as Discipline and Indiscipline" (Kevin Gilmartin, California Institute of Technology)</li>
<li>"Cultural Transgressions and Family Values: The Sins of the Suburban School of Poetry" (Elizabeth Jones)</li>
<li>"My Lute Must Breathe What Is Its Own: Letitia Elizabeth Landon, the Annual, and the Critique of Literary Commercialism" (Matthew Kutcher, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>"The Footsteps of the Free": White Indian Wannabes 1776-1840 (Special session organized by Anthony Harding, Univ. of Saskatchewan): Friday, 3:30
<ol>
<li>"Democracy and Hybridity in Robert Bage's Hermsprong" (Warren Cariou, Univ. of Toronto)</li>
<li>"Shelley's Indians" (Clifford Marks, Univ. of Wyoming)</li>
<li>"'Now that I have been a Chippewa born': Anna Jameson and the Representation of Nationalism" (Lisa Vargo, Univ. of Saskatchewan)</li>
<li>Response (Nancy Moore Goslee, Univ. of Tennessee)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Gender Borders, Gender Crossings (Special session organized by Laura Doyle, Univ. of Massachusetts-Amherst): Friday, 3:30
<ol>
<li>"Looking for (a) Home: Re-covering the Domestic in Charlotte Smith's Elegiac Sonnets" (Michele Turner Sharp, East Carolina State Univ.)</li>
<li>"The Unaesthetic Self in Ann Batten Cristall's Poetic Sketches" (Jacqueline M. Labbe, Univ. of Sheffield)</li>
<li>"'Unsex'd' Texts: History and Romantic Women Writers" (Morri Safran, Univ. of Texas-Austin)</li>
<li>Response (Ian Balfour, York Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Romantic Drama: Crossings of Stage and Text (Seminar organized by Reeve Parker, Cornell Univ., and Catherine Burroughs, Cornell College; open to seminar members only): Friday, 3:30
<ol>
<li>"Theorizing the Romantic Stage: The Helen Maria Williams-Dorothy Jordan Interviews" (Catherine Burroughs, Cornell College)</li>
<li>"On Capital Punishment and the Theater of the Body: Burke and Shelley" (Mark Canuel, Johns Hopkins Univ.)</li>
<li>"Bisexuality and the Evasive Body of Closet Drama" (Thomas College. Crochunic, ETS)</li>
<li>"'Sounds as Bad as Truth': Theatre of Cruelty and The Cenci" (Alex Dick, Univ. of Western Ontario)</li>
<li>"'Nameless and Horrible': Homoerotic Desire in Joanna Baillie's De Monfort" (Lisa Kozlowski, Univ. of Georgia)</li>
<li>"'The mind of man upturned / Is a strange spectacle': (Re)producing The Borderers" (Jonathan Mulrooney, Boston Univ.)</li>
<li>"Casus Cenci: Shelley's Delicacy; Wordsworth's Dying Fall" (Reeve Parker, Cornell University)</li>
<li>"Tragic Aesthetics and Cultural Politics: Redeformations of the Tragic Genre in Kleist and Shelley" (Arkady Plotnisky, Univ. of Utah)</li>
<li>"Romantic Crossings: The Intersection of Race, Class, and Gender in Matthew Lewis's Gothic Drama <i>The Castle Spectre</i>" (Marjean D. Purinton, Texas Tech Univ.)</li>
<li>"Patronage and Prejudice: Dramatic Criticism in the Novels of Mary Robinson" (Sharon Setzer, North Carolina SU)</li>
<li>"'Woman No More: How Should I Name Thee?': Transgression and Identity in Kleist's <i>Penthesilea</i> and Wolf's <i>Cassandra</i>" (Jean Wilson, McMaster Univ.)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Friday, 6 p.m.-7:30 p.m.</h3>
Special Event at Boston Atheneum (please register in advance)
<hr/>
<h2><a name="saturday" id="saturday">Saturday, 16 November</a></h2>
<h3>Saturday, 9 a.m.-10 a.m.</h3>
Breakfast Business Meeting
<h3>Saturday, 10 a.m.-11:30 a.m.</h3>
Concurrent sessions:
<ul>
<li>Transmutations of Romantic Medievalism (Special session organized by Julie Carlson, Univ. of California, Santa Barbara): Saturday, 10:00
<ol>
<li>"Incorporations of Medievalism in Scott and Byron: Emergent Futures or the Resurgent Past?" (Dino Felluga, Stanford Univ. and Patricia Ingham, LeHigh Univ.)</li>
<li>"The Female as Hero(ine) in the Anti-Erloesungmaerchen: Medieval and Romantic Perspectives on Melusine" (Paola Mayer, Univ. of British Columbia and Hartwig Mayer, Univ. of Toronto)</li>
<li>"'A Country in Romance': Loving the Middle Ages" (Julie Carlson, Univ. of California, Santa Barbara and Louise Fradenburg, Univ. of California, Santa Barbara)</li>
<li>Response (Richard Matlak, College of the Holy Cross)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Romanticism in Transit (Chair: Charles Donelan): Saturday, 10:00
<ol>
<li>"The Authority of the Other: Towards a Unified Theory of Disparate Romanticisms" (Walter L. Reed, Emory Univ.)</li>
<li>"Romantic Transference and the Scene of Psychoanalysis" (Joel Faflak, Univ. of Western Ontario)</li>
<li>"Romantic Sobriety" (Orrin Wang, Univ. of Maryland)</li>
<li>Response (Charles Donelan)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Romanticism, Gender, and the Anxieties of Empire I (Special session organized by Anne K. Mellor, UCLA): Saturday, 10:00
<ol>
<li>"Romanticism, Gender, and the Anxieties of Empire: An Introduction" (Anne K. Mellor, UCLA)</li>
<li>"Shelley's Indian Circle: Pornographic Naturalism in the Travel Narratives of Williams and Shelley" (Tilar Mazzeo, Univ. of Washington)</li>
<li>"Mapping the Interior: African Cartography and Shelley's 'The Witch of Atlas'" (Debbie Lee, Univ. of Arizona)</li>
<li>"Romantic Travellers and the Conquest of America" (Nigel Leask, Queen's College, Cambridge Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Wordsworth Across Borders (Chair: Spencer Hall, Rhode Island College): Saturday, 10:00
<ol>
<li>"Wordsworthian Geography: County Atlases, the Ordnance Survey, and Utopia" (Mike Wiley, DePaul Univ.)</li>
<li>"'A bondage sweetly brook'd': Colonial History, the Idea of Sequence, and the Ballad in William Wordsworth's 'Poems Written During a Tour of Scotland'" (Steve Newman, Johns Hopkins Univ.)</li>
<li>"The Crossing from Harmony to Dissonance in 'The Triad' and 'On the Power of Sound'" (Jill Heydt-Stevenson, Univ. of Texas at San Antonio)</li>
<li>Response (Spencer Hall, Rhode Island College)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Saturday, 12 p.m.-1:30 p.m.</h3>
Concurrent sessions:
<ul>
<li>The Middle Passage: Translating Slavery (Special session organized by Mary Favret, Indiana Univ.): Saturday, 12:00
<ol>
<li>"Introduction" (Mary Favret, Indiana Univ.)</li>
<li>"A Nation is Being Beaten: Equiano's Translation of Masochistic Nationalism" (Daniel O'Quinn, Univ. of Guelph)</li>
<li>"Crossing the Sensory Divide: Coleridge and Anti-Slave Rhetoric" (Victoria Myers, Pepperdine Univ.)</li>
<li>"De Quincey's 'Dark Intepreter' and Three-Fingered Jack, 'The terror of Jamaica.'" (Charles J. Rzepka, Boston Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Philosophical Transactions (Chair: Karen A. Weisman, Univ. of Toronto): Saturday, 12:00
<ol>
<li>"Kant's Misreading of Descartes" (Marshall Brown, Univ. of Washington)</li>
<li>"Apatheia, or What de Man Saw in Kant" (Steven Goldsmith, Univ. of California, Berkeley)</li>
<li>"Hegel, Eating: Schelling and the Carnivorous Virility of the West" (David Clark, McMaster Univ.)</li>
<li>Response (Karen A. Weisman, Univ. of Toronto)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Transfigurations and Transgressions (Chair: Stephen Murray): Saturday, 12:00
<ol>
<li>"The Revolutionary Body in Wollstonecraft's A Short Residence: Disciplinary Crossings" (Randi Patterson, Univ. of Waterloo)</li>
<li>"Two Cheers for Abstraction: Rivers of Sound in Prometheus Unbound" (David Kaufmann, George Mason Univ.)</li>
<li>"Keats' Urn, Neoclassicism, Sacrifice, and Historicism" (John Morillo, North Carolina State Univ.)</li>
<li>Response (Stephen Murray)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Aesthetic Value (Special session organized by Susan Wolfson, Princeton Univ.): Saturday, 12:00
<ol>
<li>"Economic and Aesthetic Value in the Elgin Marbles Debate" (Noah Heringman, Harvard Univ.)</li>
<li>"'The Triumph of Taste': John Cheltwood Eustace, Felicia Hemans, and the Rape and Restoration of Italian Art" (Sharon Howe, Univ. of Toronto)</li>
<li>"On the Prehistory of Poetic Voice: Coleridge, 'Christabel,' and Copyright" (Margaret Russett, Univ. of Southern California)</li>
<li>"Coleridge as Victorian Heirloom" (David S. Hogsette, Ohio State Univ.)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Saturday, 2:30 p.m.-4 p.m.</h3>
Concurrent sessions:
<ul>
<li>Representation Across Class Lines (Special session organized by Beth Kowaleski-Wallace, Boston College): Saturday, 2:30
<ol>
<li>"Poets of Poverty" (Margaret R. Higgonet, Univ. of Connecticut)</li>
<li>"'One Face of Feeling': Public Mourning, Class Obfuscation, and Social Control" (Kevin Eubanks, Univ. of Tennessee)</li>
<li>"Simian Faces, Bent Backs, and Bad Smells: The Iconography of the Poor and Rebellious in Late Eighteenth- and Early Nineteenth-Century European Culture" (Robert M. Maniquis, UCLA)</li>
<li>Response (Scott McEathron, Southern Illinois Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Transforming Critical Categories (Chair: Nicholas Roe, Univ. of St Andrews): Saturday, 2:30
<ol>
<li>"From Perverse Sensuality to Romantic Aesthetics: Erotic and Aesthetic Desire in Burke, Payne Knight, and Hazlitt" (Richard Sha, American Univ.)</li>
<li>"Poets Crossing/Critics Guarding Class Boundaries" (A. J. Caschetta, NYU)</li>
<li>"Death and the Matron: Hemans and the Post-Revolutionary Condition of Romanticism" (Gary Kelly, Keele Univ.)</li>
<li>"Literary Style as Fugitive Subject in Gerard de Nerval's <i>Les Faux saulniers</i>" (Jonathan Strauss, Miami Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Romanticism, Gender, and the Anxieties of Empire II (Special session organized by Anne K. Mellor, UCLA): Saturday, 2:30
<ol>
<li>"Dis/Locations of Culture and Gender in 'Kubla Khan'" (James Holt McGavran, Univ. of North Carolina, Charlotte)</li>
<li>"Dacre's Zafloya: Miscegenation as Racial and Sexual Nausea" (Diane Long Hoeveler, Marquette Univ.)</li>
<li>"Tales and Laments: Amelia Opie's Anti-Slavery Poetics" (Roxanne Eberle, Univ. of Georgia)</li>
<li>"African Sal and Black Beatrice: The Woman of Color as Icon" (Marilyn Butler, Exeter College, Oxford Univ.)</li>
</ol>
<br/></li>
<li>Transatlantic Romanticisms (Special session organized by William Jewett, Yale Univ.): Saturday, 2:30
<ol>
<li>"National Acts: Marmion and Dramatic Crossing" (Elizabeth Barnes, Univ. of Michigan and Emily Allen, Univ. of California, Santa Barbara)</li>
<li>"Scott, Cooper, and the Sexual Politics of Romantic Chivalry" (Gary R. Dyer, Univ. of Connecticut)</li>
<li>"Transatlantic Savagism: Geographies of Progress in the Romantic Novel" (David College. Lipscomb, Columbia Univ.)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Saturday, 4:30 p.m.-5 p.m.</h3>
The <a href="http://www.rc.umd.edu">Romantic Circles Research Website</a>: A Demonstration and Discussion, with <a href="http://www.inform.umd.edu:8080/ARHU/Depts/English/englfac/NFraistat/standard.html">Neil Freistat (Univ. of Maryland) and</a> <a href="http://humanitas.ucsb.edu/users/cstahmer/HomePage.html">Carl Stahmer (Univ. of California, Santa Barbara)</a>
<h3><a href="http://www.inform.umd.edu:8080/ARHU/Depts/English/englfac/NFraistat/standard.html">Saturday, 5 p.m.-6:15 p.m.</a></h3>
<a href="http://www.inform.umd.edu:8080/ARHU/Depts/English/englfac/NFraistat/standard.html">Plenary panel. Panelists:</a> <a href="http://www.english.upenn.edu/~curran/home.html">Stuart Curran</a> (Univ. of Pennsylvania), Theresa Kelley (Univ. of Texas), Jon Klancher (Boston Univ.), Tilottama Rajan (Univ. of Western Ontario). Moderator: William Keach (Brown Univ.)
<hr/>
<h2>Sunday, 17 November</h2>
<h3>Sunday, 11 a.m.-1 p.m.</h3>
Special showing of "J.M.W. Turner and the Romantic Vision of the Holy Land and the Bible" at the Boston College Art Museum (transportation and continental breakfast provided by the College of Arts &amp; Sciences)<br/>
<br/>
<br/></div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31537">Scholarly Resources</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Resource:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/stuart-peterfreund" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Stuart Peterfreund</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/sonia-hofkosh-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Sonia Hofkosh</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/laura-doyle" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Laura Doyle</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/leo-damrosch" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Leo Damrosch</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/charles-j-rzepka" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Charles J. Rzepka</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/christine-cooper" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Christine Cooper</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/sara-coleridge-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Sara Coleridge</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/robert-r-daniel" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Robert R. Daniel</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/charlotte-smith-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Charlotte Smith</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/william-blake" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Blake</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/gerard-goggin" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Gerard Goggin</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/irene-tayler" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Irene Tayler</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/william-wordsworth-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Wordsworth</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft-shelley-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/joanna-baillie" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Joanna Baillie</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/orrin-nc-wang-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Orrin N.C. Wang</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-city-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">City:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/boston" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Boston</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/new-brunswick" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">New Brunswick</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/swansea" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Swansea</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/new-mexico" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">New Mexico</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/utah" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Utah</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">California</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/arizona" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Arizona</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/colorado" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Colorado</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/texas" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Texas</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/wisconsin" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Wisconsin</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/illinois" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Illinois</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/pennsylvania" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Pennsylvania</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/massachusetts" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Massachusetts</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/arkansas" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Arkansas</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/southern-california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Southern California</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/connecticut" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Connecticut</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/michigan" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michigan</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/tuscany" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Tuscany</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/missouri" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Missouri</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/georgia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Georgia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/maryland" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Maryland</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/north-carolina" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">North Carolina</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-country-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Country:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/italy" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Italy</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/country/columbia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Columbia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/india" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">India</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/country/germany" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Germany</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/ireland" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ireland</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-region-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Region:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/region/western-ontario" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Western Ontario</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/region/southern-california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Southern California</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-naturalfeature-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">NaturalFeature:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/natural-feature/chapel-hill" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Chapel Hill</a></li></ul></section>Wed, 09 Nov 2011 12:22:57 +0000rc-admin23090 at http://www.rc.umd.eduNASSR '94http://www.rc.umd.edu/reference/misc/confarchive/nassr94.html
<div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><center>
<h2>NASSR Annual Conventions, 1993-1999</h2>
</center>
<div align="center">Note: The formatting of the following program follows the original. We have made only minor changes throughout, correcting obvious errors and making some listings more uniform to facilitate electronic searching.</div>
<br/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br/>
<br/>
<br/>
<p align="center">The Political and Aesthetic Education of Romanticism</p>
<p align="center"><strong>2nd Annual Conference of the North American Society for the Study of Romanticism</strong></p>
<p align="center"><strong>10-13 November 1994</strong></p>
<p align="center"><strong>Duke University, Durham, North Carolina</strong></p>
<p align="center"><strong>Preliminary Programme (as published in the <em>NASSR Newsletter</em> [Fall 1994])</strong></p>
<hr/>
<p align="center"><a name="top" id="top"> </a><strong>Go to schedule for <a href="#Thursday">Thursday</a> | <a href="#Friday">Friday</a> | <a href="#Saturday">Saturday</a> | <a href="#Sunday">Sunday</a></strong></p>
<hr/>
<p><a name="Thursday" id="Thursday"> </a>Thursday, November 10</p>
<p><strong>10:00-11:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Uneducated Poets" (special session organized by Alan Richardson, Boston C)</strong><br/>
"The Untutored Muse" <em>(Alan Richardson)</em><br/>
"'Children o' the Soil': Peasant Poetry and Organic Nationalism" <em>(Scott McEathron, U of Southern Illinois)</em><br/>
"Romantic Ideology and the 'Natural Genius': Women Poets, Anthologies, and the Production of Poetic History in the 1790s" <em>(Laura Mandell, Miami U)</em><br/>
"No Advantages of Education: John Clare's Vulgarity of Language" <em>(James McKusick, U of Maryland Baltimore County)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Schiller: Aesthetics and Politics" (Chair: Michael Morton, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"Aesthetics and Politics from Benjamin to Schiller:&#160; Rethinking the Aesthetic State" <em>(Jonathan M. Hess, U of North Carolina-Chapel Hill)</em><br/>
"Romanticism, <em>Bildung</em>, and the 'Literary Absolute'" <em>(Marc Redfield, Claremont Graduate School)</em><br/>
"Schiller's Political Aesthetics: The Refinement of Liberal Democratic Man" <em>(Michael Valdez Moses, Duke U)</em><br/>
"The Critique of Aesthetic Ideology: Radical Democracy and Friedrich Schiller's <em>On the Aesthetic Education of Man</em>" <em>(Jacqueline LeBlanc, U of Massachussetts)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romanticism and the Homoerotic" (Chair: Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"'My very touch were to be infectious': Godwin's <em>Caleb Williams</em> and Homoerotic Panic" <em>(Ranita Chatterjee, U of Western Ontario)</em><br/>
"Byron's Homo-Narcissism: or 'Heathcliff, I <em>am</em> Nellie'" <em>(Steven Bruhm, Mount St. Vincent U)</em><br/>
"Sexual Pedagogies and the Lesbian Body in 'Christabel'" <em>(Andrew Elfenbein, U of Minnesota)</em><br/>
"Sappho, Sexuality, and the Romantic Sublime" <em>(Sharon Setzer, North Carolina State U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Sexual and Political Instruction in the Work of Mary Shelley" (Chair: Jeanne Moskal, U of North Carolina-Chapel Hill)</strong><br/>
"Learning to Curse: Translation, Rape, and Instruction in Mary Shelley's <em>Proserpine</em>" <em>(Mary Loeffelholz, Northeastern U)</em><br/>
"Women and Education in Mary Shelley's <em>Lodore</em>" <em>(Ann M. Frank Wake, Elmhurst College)</em><br/>
"Ghostly Pedagogies: Mary Shelley, Percy Shelley, and the Writing of Poetic Identity" <em>(Ghislaine McDayter, Duke U)</em><br/>
"'The god undeified': <em>Valperga</em> and the Education of Romantic Subjects" <em>(Daniel E. White, U of Pennsylvania)</em></p>
<hr/>
<p><strong>1:15-3:00</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Scenes of Instruction in Blake" (Chair: Paul Yoder, U of Arkansas-Little Rock)</strong><br/>
"Blake's <em>Songs</em>: Of Instruction and Its Experience" <em>(Nelson Hilton, U of Georgia-Athens)</em><br/>
"(Con)(In)structing Albion: Blake, Gender, and Politics: 1792-95" <em>(Catherine McClenahan, U of St. Thomas)</em><br/>
"Righting Albion: Blake's Canon Revision" <em>(Paul Yoder)</em><br/>
"Late Kant, Middle Blake: Toward a Theory of Blake's Political Education" <em>(Steven Goldsmith, U of California-Berkeley)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Darstellung and the Lessons of Post-Structuralism" (Chair: James Rolleston, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"The Crisis of Representation in Romanticism: Romantic <em>Darstellung</em> and Poststructuralist Critical Theory" <em>(Irena Nikolova, U of Western Ontario)</em><br/>
"Postfacing the Preface in Coleridge" <em>(Sophie Thomas, Oxford U)</em><br/>
"Rhetorical Pragmatism: Jeremy Bentham and the Predictability of Fiction" <em>(Peter Roman Babiak, York U)</em><br/>
"The Romantic Object of Beauty and the Suppression of Art" <em>(Laura Claridge, US Naval Academy)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Victorian Receptions of Romanticism" (Chair: Clyde de L. Ryals, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"'Useful herbs to take the place of weeds': The Politics of Wordsworth's Victorian Reception" <em>(Gary Harrison, U of New Mexico)</em><br/>
"Feminizing Romanticism: Tennyson's Embowered Maidens and Morbid Poets" <em>(Alice Fasano, New York U)</em><br/>
"Romanticism Theorized: <em>Sartor Resartus</em> Revisited" <em>(Nigel Alderman, Duke U)</em><br/>
"Suffering Meter: Swinburne and the Sapphic Scene of Instruction" <em>(Yopie Prins, U of Michigan)</em></p>
<p><strong>"The Education of John Keats" (Chair: Marilyn Gaull, New York U)</strong><br/>
"'A Cockney Schoolroom': Keats and the Modern Academy" <em>(Nicholas Roe, U of St. Andrews)</em><br/>
"Keats in the Cockney School: An Aesthetic and Political Education" <em>(Jeffrey Cox, Texas A &amp; M)</em><br/>
"Aesthetic Education in the Public Sphere: Haydon, Hazlitt, and Keats's Elgin Marbles Sonnets" <em>(John Kandl, New York U)</em><br/>
"Romanticism and the Education of Psychoanalysis: Keats and (<em>The Fall of</em>) <em>Hyperion</em>" <em>(Joel Faflak, U of Western Ontario)</em></p>
<hr/>
<p><strong>3:30-5:30</strong> FIRST PLENARY DISCUSSION</p>
<p>Welcome: Robert F. Gleckner, Thomas Pfau (Duke U)</p>
<p>"Virtual Ekphrasis: Scott's World Picture" Jrome Christensen (English, Johns Hopkins U)</p>
<p>"Gendering the Soul," Susan Wolfson (English, Princeton U)</p>
<p>Respondent: Peter J. Manning (U of Southern California)</p>
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<hr/>
<p><a name="Friday" id="Friday"> </a>Friday, November 11</p>
<p><strong>8:45-10:30</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Coleridge and the Political Education of Criticism" (special session organized by James McKusick, U of Maryland-Baltimore County)</strong><br/>
"Transitions: The 'Logic' of the 'Wildest Odes'" <em>(Heather J. Jackson, U of Toronto)</em><br/>
"<em>Friend</em>ly Instruction: Coleridge and the Configuration of Social Knowledge" <em>(Regina Hewitt, U of South Florida)</em><br/>
"The Genius of Failure, the Masquerade of Fame: Coleridge's Sociology of Literature in the <em>Biographia Literaria</em>" <em>(Adrienne Donald, Princeton U)</em><br/>
"Coleridge's Unfinished Aesthetic Education: Coleridge, Schiller on Culture and the State" <em>(David Aram Kaiser, U of Kentucky)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romanticism, Education, and the History of Science" (special session organized by James K. Chandler, U of Chicago)</strong><br/>
"Knowing Nature: Science, Romanticism, and the Empire of the External World" <em>(Laura Doyle, Harvard U)</em><br/>
"Coleridge, Shelley, and Science's Millennium" <em>(Mark Kipperman, Northern Illinois U)</em><br/>
"The Body which Speaks to the Body: Pedagogies of Human Influence in Early Nineteenth-Century Britain" <em>(Alison Winter, California Institute of Technology)</em><br/>
"<em>Frankenstein</em>: Specifying the Limits of Pedagogy" <em>(Maureen McLane, U of Chicago)</em></p>
<p><strong>"British Romantic Fiction: Gender and History" (Chair: Susan Thorne, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"Courting Ruin: The Economic Romances of Frances Burney" <em>(Miranda Burgess, Boston U)</em><br/>
"Falling into Quotation: <em>Persuasion</em> and the Fall of Woman" <em>(John Morillo, North Carolina State U)</em><br/>
"Historical Fiction as Pedagogy: Scott's Travelling Education and an Approach to Romantic Historicism in the Novel" <em>(Richard Maxwell, Valparaiso U)</em><br/>
"Scott's Authorised Version: From Waverley Romance to <em>Magnum Opus</em> Historical Truth" <em>(Clare Simmons, Ohio State U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Was (or is) There an Identity We Can Call 'Romanticism'?" I (a special session organized by Jerrold E. Hogle, U of Arizona)</strong><br/>
Introduction: "The Question of One 'Romanticism.'" (J. Hogle)<br/>
"Romantic Identity and the Community of Sentiment" <em>(Stephen C. Behrendt, U of Nebraska-Lincoln)</em><br/>
"The 'Myth' of Romanticism and the Idea of Community" <em>(Celeste Langan, UC-Berkeley)</em><br/>
"I don't believe in Romanticism (The University does it for me)" <em>(John Rieder, U of Hawaii-Manoa)</em><br/>
Respondent: Marshall Brown (U of Washington)</p>
<hr/>
<p><strong>11:00-12:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Politics, Epistemology, and Rhetoric in Shelley" (Chair: Eric Walker, Florida State U)</strong><br/>
"Tutelary Bureaucracies: Compelling the Civic Conscience in <em>Prometheus Unbound</em> and <em>The Cenci</em>" <em>(Michael Kohler, Johns Hopkins U)</em><br/>
"Unteachable Learning: On the Parting of Poetry and Madness in Shelley's <em>Julian and Maddalo</em>" <em>(Silke-Maria Weineck, U of Pennsylvania)</em><br/>
"Art, Nature, and Analogical Inference in Shelley's 'Mont Blanc'" <em>(Michael Vicario, Penn State U)</em><br/>
"The Empress's New Mind: Shelley's <em>The Witch of Atlas</em> as the Scene of Instruction" <em>(Arkady Plotnitsky, U of Pennsylvania)</em></p>
<p><strong>"The Romantic Body: Between Sustenance and Pathology" (Chair: Anne K. Mellor, UCLA)</strong><br/>
"The Nurse's Tale: The Fostering System as National and Imperial Education" <em>(Katie Trumpener, U of Chicago)</em><br/>
"Educating Mothers to be Mothers: Romanticism and the Maternal Breastfeeding Controversy" <em>(Julie Costello, U of Notre Dame)</em><br/>
"John Brown's Medical Romanticism" <em>(Martin Wallen, U of Oklahoma)</em><br/>
"Confessing the Body: Lamb on Drunkenness, Hazlitt on Sex" <em>(Bonnie Woodberg, Florida State U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Models of Aesthetic and Political Instruction in Godwin, Wordsworth, and Hazlitt" (Chair: Nicholas Roe, U of St. Andrews)</strong><br/>
"'Of Deception and Frankness': Wollstonecraft, Godwin, and the Jacobin Response to <em>Emile</em>" <em>(Gary Handwerk, U of Washington)</em><br/>
"The man, whose eye / Is ever on himself': The Ideological Function of Aesthetic Self- Surveillance in Bell, Wollstonecraft, and Wordsworth" <em>(Thomas Pfau, Duke U)</em><br/>
"Wordsworth and the Great Wheel of Education" <em>(Alison Hickey, Wellesley C)</em><br/>
"Interest and Imagination: Hazlitt's <em>Essay on the Principles of Human Action</em>" <em>(Deborah Elise White, Columbia U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Marketing Romantic Music: The Age of Lost Innocence" (special session organized by James Deaville, Music, McMaster U)</strong><br/>
"Creating a Musical Public and Constructing Musical Modernism: The New-German School and the Euterpe Concerts in Leipzig" <em>(James Deaville)</em><br/>
"Piano Arrangements in the Nineteenth Century: Marketing/Domesticating/Canonizing" <em>(James Parakilas, Bates C)</em><br/>
"Re-Educating the 'Classical' Public: "The Romantic Revival and the Contemporary American Musical Scene" <em>(Michael Saffle, Virginia Tech. U)</em></p>
<hr/>
<p><strong>2:00-3:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Was (or is) There an Identity We Can Call 'Romanticism'?" II (special session organized by Jerrold E. Hogle, U of Arizona)</strong><br/>
"Introduction: The Defence of Romanticism" <em>(Jerrold Hogle)</em><br/>
"What Happens When Jane Austen and Fanny Burney Enter the Romantic Canon?" <em>(William Galperin, Rutgers U)</em><br/>
"Romanticism, Coleridge, and the Hermeneutics of the Ethical Sublime" <em>(David Haney, Auburn U)</em><br/>
"The Survival of Romanticism: Poets and Poetics Since the Early Nineteenth Century" <em>(Jeffrey Robinson, U of Colorado-Boulder)</em><br/>
Respondent: Jean Hall (Cal. State U--Fullerton)</p>
<p><strong>"Educating the Eye: Visual Arts and Exhibitions" (Chair: John L. Sharpe, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"Teaching Discipline: Sketching and Drawing Manuals in British Romanticism" <em>(Richard Sha, American U)</em><br/>
"Blake and the Aesthetics of the Sketch" <em>(Joseph Viscomi, U of North Carolina-Chapel Hill)</em><br/>
"Aesthetic Education in Blake's Illustrations to Young's <em>Night Thoughts</em>" <em>(Grant Scott, Muhlenberg C)</em><br/>
"Romantic Exhibition and the Rise of the Viewing Public"<em>(C. S. Matheson, U of Windsor)</em></p>
<p><strong>"The Contours of a Feminine Romanticism" (Chair: Stuart Curran, U of Pennsylvania)</strong><br/>
"Charlotte Smith and William Wordsworth: 'Dark Forgetfulness' and 'The Intercession of Saint Monica'" <em>(Kari Lokke, U of California-Davis)</em><br/>
"An Education in Stereotypes: Hemans's 'Red Indians'" <em>(Nancy Moore Goslee, U of Tennessee-Knoxville)</em><br/>
"Anna Seward's Arcadian Voice: Finding a Place in Darwin's Botanical Garden" <em>(Elizabeth Fay, U of Massachusetts-Boston)</em><br/>
"Realizing a Romantic Pedagogy: Romantic Women Writers and the Romance of Real Life" <em>(Michael Gamer, U of Pennsylvania)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Irony, Individuality, and Aesthetic Strategy in German Romanticism" (Chair: Paul Cantor, U of Virginia)</strong><br/>
"The Politics of <em>Individualitt</em> in Schlegel, Novalis, and Hlderlin" <em>(Gerald N. Izenberg, Washington U)</em><br/>
"Productive Rupture: the Discreet Irony of an Aesthetic Education in Kleist's <em>ber das Marionettentheater</em>" <em>(Anthony Reynolds, New York U)</em><br/>
"Reading the Book of Nature in E. T. A. Hoffmann" <em>(David Vandenberg, Emory &amp; Henry C)</em><br/>
"The Power of Music and/or the Power of Words" <em>(Ulrich Schnherr, Columbia U)</em></p>
<hr/>
<p><strong>4:15-6:15</strong> SECOND PLENARY DISCUSSION</p>
<p>"The 'Inhibitions of Democracy' on Romantic Political Thought: Thoreau's Democratic Individualism," Nancy Rosenblum (Political Science, Brown U)</p>
<p>"The Doubled Consciousness of Early Capitalist Culture," Steven Watts (History, U of Missouri-Columbia)</p>
<p>Respondents: Cathy Davidson (English, Duke U) &amp; Michael Gillespie (Political Science, Duke U)</p>
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<hr/>
<p><a name="Saturday" id="Saturday"> </a>Saturday, November 12</p>
<p><strong>8:45-10:30</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Aesthetic Valuation and Social Process: the Reviewers Reviewed" (Chair: John Kandl, New York U)</strong><br/>
"The Pedagogy of Enlightened, Radical, and Romantic Readers: An Example from John Thelwall" <em>(Michael Scrivener, Wayne State U)</em><br/>
"Making the Romantic Ideology: Hazlitt, Coleridge, and the <em>Wat Tyler</em> Affair" <em>(Robert K. Lapp, Dalhousie U)</em><br/>
"Rape, Patricide, and Execution: A Play on Violence" <em>(Young-ok An, U of Southern California)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Language, Theory: Implicating the Political" (special session organized by Carol Jacobs, SUNY-Buffalo)</strong><br/>
"The 'End of Art' in Friedrich Hlderlin's 'Stimme Des Volkes'" <em>(Eva Geulen, U of Rochester)</em><br/>
"The Sublime of the Nation and the German Question" <em>(Ian Balfour, York U)</em><br/>
"<em>Res publica</em>: Carl Schmitt, Friedrich Schlegel, and 'Political Romanticism'" <em>(Matthew Hartman, Johns Hopkins U)</em><br/>
"The Force of the Positive: The Hyperions of Keats and Marx" <em>(Tom McCall, U of Houston)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Women Poets and the Romantic Aesthetic" (special session organized by Stephen C. Behrendt, U of Nebraska-Lincoln and Harriet Kramer Linkin, New Mexico State U)</strong><br/>
"Women and Della Cruscanism, Women and Romanticism" <em>(Judith Pascoe, U of Iowa)</em><br/>
"The Merging of Public and Private: Charlotte Smith's <em>Beachy Head</em>" <em>(Kay Cook, Southern Utah U)</em><br/>
"Staging History: Catherine Macaulay, Joanna Baillie, and Felicia Hemans" <em>(Greg Kucich, U of Notre Dame)</em><br/>
"One Sings, the Other Doesn't: Letitia Landon and Mary Tighe, or How Women Poets Image the Romantic Aesthetic" <em>(Harriet Kramer Linkin)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Shakespeare and the Scene of Romantic Literary Instruction" (special session organized by Charles Mahoney, U of Connecticut-Storrs)</strong><br/>
"Savoyard Shakespeare: Wordsworth in the Hills of Paris" <em>(Reeve Parker, Cornell U)</em><br/>
"Master Betty Masters Shakespeare: Managing the Queer Character of Youth" <em>(Julie Carlson, U of California-Santa Barbara)</em><br/>
"Patrolling the Bard: Hazlitt, <em>Coriolanus</em>, and Romantic Apostasy" <em>(Charles Mahoney)</em></p>
<hr/>
<p><strong>11:00-12:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Music and Culture in French and German Romanticism" (special session organized by Jeffrey Kallberg, U of Pennsylvania)</strong><br/>
"Some Romantic Images in Beethoven" <em>(Maynard Solomon, New York)</em><br/>
"Practicing Music and the Practice of Sex : Sex and Music in French Romantic Discourse" <em>(Jeffrey Kallberg)</em><br/>
"Romantic Music under Siege in 1848" <em>(Sanna Pederson, U of Pennsylvania)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Education, Romantic Aesthetics, and the Denial of Rhetoric" (special session organized by David Ferris, Queens College &amp; CUNY Graduate Center)</strong><br/>
"Rhetoric and Denial on Keats's Urn" <em>(David Ferris)</em><br/>
"Poetic Education: Shelley's 'Defence' and the Crisis in Romanticism" <em>(Roger Blood, Yale U)</em><br/>
"Language and the 'Body Politic'" <em>(Claudia Brodsky-Lacour, Princeton U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"From Picturesque to the Sublime: The Cognitive Structure of the Romantic Image" (Chair: Annette Wheeler Cafarelli)</strong><br/>
"Jane Austen and the Picturesque: Aesthetic Instruction and Romantic Epistemology" <em>(Jill Heydt-Stevenson, U of Texas-San Antonio)</em><br/>
"The Lessons of <em>Imitatio Christi</em> and <em>Imitatio Naturae</em> in the Work of Caspar David Friedrich" <em>(Hillary A. Braysmith, U of Southern Indiana)</em><br/>
"The Political Aesthetic of Adam Mller and Caspar David Friedrich's Landscape Painting" <em>(Peter Foley, U of Arizona)</em><br/>
"'Sur les paules d'un pauvre esclave': Salvation, sperance, and Equality in Gricault's <em>Raft of Medusa</em>" <em>(Albert Alhadeff, U of Colorado-Boulder)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Pastoralism, Eroticism, Enlightenment, and Geometry in Wordsworth's <em>Prelude</em>" (Chair: Judith W. Page, Millsaps C)</strong><br/>
"Teaching the 'Art of Seeing': Pastoral Vestiges in Thomson and Wordsworth" <em>(Kevis Goodman, Yale U)</em><br/>
"Wordsworth's Nationalist Geometry" <em>(William Jewett, Yale U)</em><br/>
"Soldier Boys and Male Romantic Poets" <em>(James Holt McGavran, U of North Carolina-Charlotte)</em><br/>
"'The light of circumstances, flash'd / Upon an independent intellect': Education and Progression in <em>The Prelude</em>" <em>(David Garcia, Cornell U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Re-mapping Romanticism: Of Domestic and Oriental Subjects" (Chair: John Waters, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"Reading Habits: Scenes of Miseducation in the Romantic Line" <em>(Marlon Ross, U of Michigan)</em><br/>
"Wordsworth's Aesthetic Appropriation of Nature: A Problematic Step Toward Eco- ideology" <em>(Martha Bohrer, Miami U)</em><br/>
"Eastern Non-Dualism and the Sublime in Late Eighteenth-Century English Poetry" <em>(Kathryn Freeman, U of Miami)</em><br/>
"Theory and History in Romantic Orientalism and Romantic Studies" <em>(Susan B. Taylor, U of Colorado-Colorado Springs)</em></p>
<hr/>
<p><strong>2:00-3:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Reverse Instruction: Romanticism and Postmodernism" (Chair: Timothy Morton, New York U)</strong><br/>
"Legislators of the Post-Everything World: Shelley's <em>Defence</em> of Adorno" <em>(Robert Kaufman, U of California-Berkeley)</em><br/>
"Educating Postmodernism: or, Reading Backwards from Postmodern Fiction to John Clare" <em>(Theresa M. Kelley, U of Texas-Austin)</em><br/>
"Fantastic Modernity, Fantastic Reflexivities: Keats, Jameson, and the Postmodern Urn" <em>(Orrin Wang, U of Maryland at College Park)</em><br/>
"Imitating Silence: Byron, Hood, Poe, and Campion" <em>(Carol Jacobs, SUNY-Buffalo)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Politics and Ireland: The Edgeworths" (Chair: Nigel Alderman, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"The Edgeworths and the Interests of Education" <em>(Mark Canuel, Johns Hopkins U)</em><br/>
"Maria Edgeworth: Teacher and Critic" <em>(Francis Botkin, U of Illinois-Chicago)</em><br/>
"'His eyes upon us': The Lesson of the Informer in Edgeworth's 'Lame Jervas'" <em>(Julia M. Wright, Concordia, Montreal)</em><br/>
"'The Little Remnant': Alterity, Femininity, and the National Tale" <em>(Ina Ferris, U of Ottawa)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Uneducated Poets: Expanding the Canon" (Chair: Scott McEathron, U of Southern Illinois)</strong><br/>
"Theoretical Conditions of the Expansion of the Romantic Poetic Canon" <em>(John Waters, Duke U)</em><br/>
"Lubin's Literacy: John Clare and the Possibilities of the Peasant Poet" <em>(Bridget Keegan, Samford U)</em><br/>
"Patronage and the Peasant-Poet in the early Romantic Period: Theorizing the Beginnings of Ann Yearsley, Robert Bloomfield, and Felicia Hemans" <em>(Chad Edgar, New York U)</em><br/>
"The Ghosts of Competing Literacies in John Clare's <em>Autobiography</em>" <em>(Richard Swartz, U of Southern Maine)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Theorizing Romantic Drama" (Chair: Robert F. Gleckner, Duke U)</strong><br/>
"Joanna Baillie's Poetic Aesthetic: Passion and 'the plain order of things'" <em>(Catherine Burroughs, Cornell C)</em><br/>
"Liberal Self-Fashioning in Shelley's <em>Cenci</em>" <em>(Linda Brigham, Kansas State U)</em><br/>
"Byron as a Teacher of the Barred Subject: <em>Manfred</em> and the Ethics of Desire" <em>(Sinkwan Cheng, State U of New York-Buffalo)</em></p>
<p><strong>"The Teachings of Nature in German Romanticism" (special session organized by Alice Kuzniar, U of North Carolina-Chapel Hill)</strong><br/>
"'<em>Voran leuchtest du.'</em> What Kepler Taught the Romantics About Nature" <em>(Nicholas Halmi, U of Toronto)</em><br/>
"Towards a Mystical Physics: An Aspect of Friedrich Schlegel's Theory of <em>Universalpoesie</em>" <em>(Paola Mayer, U of Toronto)</em><br/>
"On Being the 'Last Kantian in Nazi Germany': Dwelling with Animals after Schelling" <em>(David Clark, McMaster U)</em></p>
<hr/>
<p><strong>4:15-6:15</strong> THIRD PLENARY DISCUSSION</p>
<p>Alan Liu (U of California-Santa Barbara)</p>
<p>Respondents: Cynthia Chase (English, Cornell U) &amp; William Reddy (Duke U)</p>
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<hr/>
<p><a name="Sunday" id="Sunday"> </a>Sunday, November 13</p>
<p><strong>8:45-10:30</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"Teaching Violence in Romanticism" (special session organized by Mary A. Favret, Indiana U)</strong><br/>
"Teaching Byron's <em>Giaour</em> as Riddle and Message" <em>(Cheryl Fallon Giuliano, UCLA)</em><br/>
"'Rouzing the Faculties to Act': Blake's Scenes of (Violent) Instruction" <em>(Nicholas Williams, Indiana U)</em><br/>
"Learning What Hurts: 'The School-Mistress,' the Rod, and the Poem" <em>(Adela Pinch, U of Michigan)</em><br/>
"Radical Poetry 101: Wordsworth and Contemporary Lyrics of Resistance" <em>(Jonathan Barron, U of North Carolina-Charlotte)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romantic Aesthetics, Pedagogy, and the Academy" (Chair: Jerome McGann, U of Virginia)</strong><br/>
"Poetry and the Law: the Poet as Legislator in Shelley and Rousseau" <em>(Lorrie Clark, Trent U)</em><br/>
"The Political Economy of Aesthetic Consumption" <em>(Margaret Russett, U of Southern California)</em><br/>
"Shelley's Unhumanizing Pedagogy" <em>(Paul Youngquist, Pennsylvania State U)</em><br/>
"Genius School: Coleridge, Schiller, and the Productionist Aesthetic" <em>(Kathleen Dillon, Temple U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romantic Knowledge: Institutions of Production and Pedagogy" (Chair: Rhonda Ray Kercsmar)</strong><br/>
"Institutions of Romanticism: An International Perspective" <em>(Clifford Siskin, SUNY-Stony Brook, and Philip Martin, Cheltenham &amp; Gloucester College)</em><br/>
"Can We Teach Romanticism to an Unromantic Generation" <em>(Debbie Lee, U of Arizona)</em><br/>
"Between Irony and Radicalism: the Other Way of a Romantic Education" <em>(Karen Weisman, U of Waterloo)</em><br/>
"A Histrionic Romantics Classroom" <em>(Thomas Crochunis, Rutgers U)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romanticism in Canada" (special session organized by Tilottama Rajan, U of Western Ontario)</strong><br/>
"Nobler Savages: Representations of Native Women in the Writings of Susanna Moodie and Catherine Parr Traill" <em>(Carole Gerson, Simon Fraser U)</em><br/>
"Made One with Nature: The Commemorative Odes of the Confederation Poets" <em>(D.M.R. Bentley, U of Western Ontario)</em><br/>
"Frye in Canada: Jonah in the Belly of the Whale" <em>(Ross Woodman, U of Western Ontario)</em><br/>
"European Romantic Nationalism, Colonial Nationalism, Canadian Literary Criticism" <em>(Margery Fee, U of British Columbia)</em></p>
<hr/>
<p><strong>11:00-12:45</strong> CONCURRENT PANEL SESSIONS</p>
<p><strong>"New Romantic Canons in the Same Old Classroom: A Problem-Solving Forum on Teaching" (special session organized by Morris Eaves, U of Rochester)</strong><br/>
Position papers by Laura Mandell (Miami U), Anne K. Mellor (UCLA) &amp; Richard Matlak (C of the Holy Cross), Jerome McGann (U of Virginia), and Stuart Curran (U of Pennsylvania).</p>
<p><strong>"Teaching Wordsworth's Teachings" (Chair: William Galperin, Rutgers U)</strong><br/>
"Teaching a Sheep to Talk: The Spiritual Education of Romanticism" <em>(Walter Reed, Emory U)</em><br/>
"Wordsworth and the Problem of Authority in Feminist Pedagogy" <em>(Michael Fischer, U of New Mexico)</em><br/>
"Wordsworth's 'The Thorn' and the Social Imagination" <em>(Scott Harshbarger, Hofstra U)</em><br/>
"'Strange Discipline': Aesthetic Education and Community in Wordsworth's <em>The Ruined Cottage</em>" <em>(Kurt Fosso, Westminster C)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Romantic Education as Social and Aesthetic Practice" (Chair: Richard Swartz, U of Southern Maine)</strong><br/>
"The Professionalization of Knowledge: Female Education in Middle Class Romantic Culture" <em>(Annette Wheeler Cafarelli, Columbia U)</em><br/>
"Britain and the Culture of Disestablishment" <em>(Nanora Sweet, U of Missouri-St. Louis)</em><br/>
"State Education, Taste Education" <em>(Timothy Morton, New York U)</em><br/>
"Lessons of Radical Difference: Mary Shelley and the Politics of Family History" <em>(Deborah Weiner, U of Rochester)</em></p>
<p><strong>"Genres as Modes of Education" (special session organized by J. Douglas Kneale, U of Western Ontario)</strong><br/>
"Let nature be your teacher: Wordsworth and Poetical Correctness" <em>(Stephen Bretzius, Lousiana State U)</em><br/>
"The Rising Glory of America" <em>(Julie Ellison, U of Michigan)</em><br/>
"The Ambivalence of Romantic Identity: Harmony and Conflict in Self-Descriptions by Wordsworth and Byron" <em>(Jean Hall, California State U-Fullerton)</em><br/>
"Transport and Persuasion in Wordsworth" <em>(J. Douglas Kneale)</em></p>
<hr/>
<p><strong>1:00-2:00</strong> NASSR BUSINESS MEETING</p>
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<p align="right"><a href="#top">back to top</a></p>
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<blockquote>
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<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/nassr.html">NASSR Annual Conventions - Main Page</a><br/>
<a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a><br/></blockquote>
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<p style="font-size: 12px; font-family: arial; text-align: center"><!--end of the breadcrumb trail--> <!--beginning of fine print and footer-->
<!--end fine print and footer--></p></div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31537">Scholarly Resources</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Resource:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/reference/misc/confarchive/index.html">Conference Archive</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/alan-richardson-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Alan Richardson</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/laura-mandell-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Laura Mandell</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/steven-bruhm-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Steven Bruhm</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/william-galperin" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Galperin</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/michael-valdez-moses" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michael Valdez Moses</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/michael-morton" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michael Morton</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/eve-kosofsky-sedgwick" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/andrew-elfenbein" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Andrew Elfenbein</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/anne-k-mellor-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Anne K. Mellor</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/jacqueline-leblanc" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jacqueline LeBlanc</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/jerrold-e-hogle" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jerrold E. Hogle</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/friedrich-schiller" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Friedrich Schiller</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/john-clare" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">John Clare</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/nicholas-roe" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nicholas Roe</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/marc-redfield" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Marc Redfield</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/caleb-williams" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Caleb Williams</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/william-wordsworth-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Wordsworth</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/jeanne-moskal" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jeanne Moskal</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft-shelley-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/nigel-alderman" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nigel Alderman</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/john-kandl-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">John Kandl</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/robert-f-gleckner-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Robert F. Gleckner</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/thomas-pfau-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Thomas Pfau</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/jonathan-m-hess" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jonathan M. Hess</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/scott-harshbarger" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Scott Harshbarger</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/mary-loeffelholz" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Loeffelholz</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/scott-mceathron" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Scott McEathron</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/r-paul-yoder-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">R. Paul Yoder</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/james-c-mckusick-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">James C. McKusick</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-city-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">City:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/york" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">York</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/oxford" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Oxford</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/toronto" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Toronto</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/lincoln" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Lincoln</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/boston" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Boston</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/baltimore" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Baltimore</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/athens" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Athens</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/miami" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Miami</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/chicago" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Chicago</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/nebraska" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nebraska</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ohio" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ohio</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/virginia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Virginia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/southern-california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Southern California</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/hawaii" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Hawaii</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/new-york" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">New York</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/washington" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Washington</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/michigan" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michigan</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/missouri" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Missouri</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/new-mexico" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">New Mexico</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/oklahoma" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Oklahoma</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/california" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">California</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/georgia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Georgia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/arizona" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Arizona</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/colorado" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Colorado</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ontario" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ontario</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/texas" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Texas</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/kentucky" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Kentucky</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/tennessee" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Tennessee</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/pennsylvania" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Pennsylvania</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/florida" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Florida</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/north-carolina" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">North Carolina</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/massachusetts" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Massachusetts</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/arkansas" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Arkansas</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-country-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Country:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/united-states" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">United States</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/country/columbia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Columbia</a></li></ul></section>Wed, 09 Nov 2011 12:18:52 +0000rc-admin23087 at http://www.rc.umd.eduBooks, 2003http://www.rc.umd.edu/reference/bibliography/books/books_2003.html
<div class="field field-name-field-published field-type-date field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2008-04-01T00:00:00-04:00">April 2008</span></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="90%">
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<td><span class="desc">Note: Compiling bibliographies of very recent publications is a task fraught with the perils of inaccuracy&#8212;publication dates change, publishers' websites are out of date or wrong, libraries do not have copies on the shelves yet, etc. Readers who see errors in the listings here are encouraged to make them known to the bibliographer, Kyle Grimes, at <a href="mailto:kgrimes@uab.edu">kgrimes@uab.edu</a>. And submissions of materials for inclusion here are always welcome&#8212;just click the "make submission" button at the top of this page.</span></td>
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</table>
<h2><b>Books, 2003</b></h2>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Allen, Emily.</span> <em>Theater Figures: The Production of the Nineteenth-Century British Novel</em>. Columbus, OH: The Ohio State UP, 2003. <a href="http://www.erudit.org/revue/ron/2004/v/n36-37/011144ar.html"><span class="ravon-rev">RaVon&#160;Review</span></a></p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Armstrong, Charles I</span>. <i>Romantic Organicism: From Idealist Origins to the Ambivalent Afterlife</i>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Back&#232;s, Jean Louis</span>. <em>Le po&#232;me narratif dans l'Europe romantique</em>. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Barth, J. Robert</span>. <i>Romanticism and Transcendence: Wordsworth, Coleridge, and the Religious Imagination</i>. Columbia MO: U of Missouri P, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Barton, Paul D.</span> <em>Lord Byron's Religion: A Journey into Despair</em>. Lewiston NY: Mellen, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Beatty, Bernard</span>, and <span class="author">Charles Robinson</span>. <em>Liberty and Poetic Licence: New Essays on Byron</em>. Liverpool: Liverpool UP, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Beddoes, Thomas Lovell</span>. <em>Death's Jest-Book</em>. Ed. <span class="author">Michael Bradshaw</span>. Manchester: Carcanet, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Beer, John B</span>. <i>Romantic Consciousness: Blake to Mary Shelley</i>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Bowie, Andrew</span>. <em>Aesthetics and Subjectivity: From Kant to Nietzsche</em>. New York: Palgrave 2003</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Bradley, Arthur</span> and <span class="author">Alan Rawes</span>, eds. <i>Romantic Biography</i>. Burlington VT: Ashgate, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Braithwaite, Helen</span>. <i>Romanticism, Publishing, and Dissent: Joseph Johnson and the Cause of Liberty</i>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. <a href="http://www.erudit.org/revue/ron/2005/v/n40/012468ar.html"><span class="ravon-rev">RaVon&#160;Review</span></a></p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Carruthers, Gerard</span> and <span class="author">Alan Rawes</span>, eds. <i>English Romanticism and the Celtic World</i>. New York: Cambridge UP, 2003. <a href="http://www.erudit.org/revue/ron/2006/v/n43/013600ar.html"><span class="ravon-rev">RaVon&#160;Review</span></a></p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Cheeke, Stephen</span>. <i>Byron and Place: History, Translation, Nostalgia</i>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Coleman, D.</span> <em>Myth, History, and the Industrial Revolution</em>. New York: Palgrave, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Coleridge, Samuel Taylor</span>. <i>A Book I Value: Selected Marginalia</i>. Ed. <span class="author">H. J. Jackson</span>. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Coleridge, Samuel Taylor</span>. <em>Coleridge's Poetry and Prose: Authoritative Texts, Criticism</em>. Ed. <span class="author">Nicholas Halmi</span>, <span class="author">Paul Magnuson</span>, and <span class="author">Raimonda Modiano</span>. New York: Norton, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Coleridge, Samuel Taylor</span>. <em>The Rime of the Ancient Mariner</em>. Illustrated by <span class="author">Mervyn Peake</span>. Marlborough, Wilts.: Libanus, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Cox, Jeffrey N.</span>, and <span class="author">Michael Gamer</span>, eds. <i>The Broadview Anthology of Romantic Drama</i>. Peterborough, Ont.: Broadview, 2003. <a href="http://www.erudit.org/revue/ron/2003/v/n29/007728ar.html"><span class="ravon-rev">RaVon&#160;Review</span></a></p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Craciun, Adriana</span>. <i>Fatal Women of Romanticism</i>. New York: Cambridge UP, 2003. <a href="http://www.rc.umd.edu/reviews/craciun_w06.html"><span class="rc-rev">RC&#160;Review</span></a></p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Dent, Shirley</span>, and <span class="author">Jason Whittaker</span>. <i>Radical Blake: Afterlife and Influence from 1827</i>. New York: Palgrave, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">D'haen, Theo</span>, <span class="author">Peter Liebregts</span> and <span class="author">Wim Tigges</span>, eds. <i>Configuring Romanticism: Essays offered to C. C. Barfoot</i>. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Eaves, Morris</span>, ed. <i>The Cambridge Companion to William Blake</i>. New York: Cambridge UP, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Fane, Julian</span>. <i>Byron's Diary: A Novella</i>. Lewes: Book Guild, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Flahault, Fran&#231;ois</span>. <i>Malice</i>. Trans. Liz Heron. New York: Verso, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Garrett, Martin</span>. <em>Mary Shelley</em>. New York : Oxford UP, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Gibbons, Luke</span>. Edmund Burke and Ireland: Aesthetics, Politics, and the Colonial Sublime. New York: Cambridge UP, 2003. <a href="http://www.rc.umd.edu/reviews/gibbons_w07.html"><span class="rc-rev">RC&#160;Review</span></a></p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Gill, Stephen</span>, ed. <i>The Cambridge Companion to Wordsworth</i>. New York: Cambridge UP, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Goodridge, John</span> and <span class="author">Simon K&#246;vesi</span>, with <span class="author">Tim Burke</span>, <span class="author">William Christmas</span>, and <span class="author">Bridget Keegan</span>, eds. <i>Eighteenth-Century Labouring-Class Poets, 1700-1800</i>. 3 vols. London: Pickering and Chatto, 2003. <a href="http://www.erudit.org/revue/ron/2003/v/n31/008702ar.html"><span class="ravon-rev">RaVon&#160;Review</span></a></p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Gordon, John</span>. <i>Physiology and the Literary Imagination: Romantic to Modern</i>. Gainesville: U P of Florida, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Gregory, Alan P. R.</span> <em>Coleridge and the Conservative Imagination</em>. Macon GA: Mercer UP, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Haley, Bruce</span>. <i>Living Forms: Romantics and the Monumental Figure</i>. Albany: SUNY, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Hamilton, Paul D</span>. <i>Metaromanticism: Aesthetics, Literature, Theory</i>. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Heringman, Noah,</span> ed. <em>Romantic Science: The Literary Forms of Natural History</em>. Albany: SUNY Press, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Hunt, Leigh</span>. <em>Selected Writings</em>. Ed. <span class="author">David Jesson-Dibley</span>. Manchester: Carcanet, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Jones, Steven E</span>., ed. <i>The Satiric Eye: Forms of Satire in the Romantic Period</i>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. <a href="http://www.rc.umd.edu/reviews/jones_w07.html"><span class="rc-rev">RC&#160;Review</span></a> &#160; <a href="http://www.erudit.org/revue/ravon/2007/v/n47/016709ar.html"><span class="ravon-rev">RaVon&#160;Review</span></a></p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Jones, Tod E</span>. <i>The Broad Church: A Biography of a Movement</i>. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Jump, Harriet Devine</span>. <i>Mary Wollstonecraft and the Critics, 1790-2001</i>. 2 vols. New York: Routledge, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Keegan, Abigail</span>. <em>Byron's Othered Self and Voice: Contextualizing the Homographic Signature</em>. New York: Peter Lang, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Kerr, David</span>. <em>Tangled Tongues</em>. Introduction by Jack Mapanje. Hexham UK: Flambard in association with the Wordsworth Trust, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Kipp, Julie</span>. Romanticism, Maternity, and the Body Politic. New York: Cambridge UP, 2003. <a href="http://www.erudit.org/revue/ron/2006/v/n43/013596ar.html"><span class="ravon-rev">RaVon&#160;Review</span></a></p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Labbe, Jacqueline</span>. <i>Charlotte Smith: Romanticism, Poetry and the Culture of Gender</i>. Manchester: Manchester UP, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Lamb, Charles</span>. <em>Selected Writings</em>. Ed. <span class="author">Jack Morpurgo</span>. Manchester: Carcanet, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Lewes, Darby</span>, ed. <i>A Brighter Morn: The Shelley Circle's Utopian Project</i>. Lanham MD: Lexington Books, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Lewis, Gregory "Monk."</span> <em>The Monk</em>. Ed. <span class="author">D. L. Macdonald</span> and <span class="author">Kathleen Scherf</span>. Broadview, 2003.</p>
<p class="hang"><span class="author">Mahoney, Charles</span>. <i>Romantics and Renegades: The Poetics of Political Reaction</i>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. <a href="http://www.rc.umd.edu/reviews/mahoney.html"><span class="rc-rev">RC&#160;Review</span></a></p>
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</blockquote>
</blockquote></div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31537">Scholarly Resources</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Resource:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/reference/bibliography/index.html">Romantic Circles Bibliography</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/david-mcwhirter" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">David McWhirter</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/william-blake" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">William Blake</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/paul-d-lord" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Paul D. Lord</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/mary-wollstonecraft-shelley-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/michael-bradshaw" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michael Bradshaw</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/paul-magnuson" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Paul Magnuson</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/alan-p-r-coleridge" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Alan P. R. Coleridge</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/thomas-lovell" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Thomas Lovell</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/jean-louis" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jean Louis</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/nicholas-halmi" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Nicholas Halmi</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-city-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">City:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/minneapolis" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minneapolis</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/liverpool" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Liverpool</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/paris" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Paris</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/oxford" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Oxford</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/manchester" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Manchester</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/princeton" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Princeton</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/columbus" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Columbus</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/cambridge" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Cambridge</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/city/amsterdam" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Amsterdam</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/city/london" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">London</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ohio" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ohio</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/missouri" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Missouri</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/peterborough" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Peterborough</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/delaware" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Delaware</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/province-or-state/florida" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Florida</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/ontario" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ontario</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-country-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Country:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/france" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">France</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/country/columbia" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Columbia</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/country/ireland" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Ireland</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-continent-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Continent:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/continent/europe" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Europe</a></li></ul></section>Tue, 08 Nov 2011 22:07:57 +0000rc-admin23214 at http://www.rc.umd.eduRomantic Loves: A Response to Historicizing Romantic Sexualityhttp://www.rc.umd.edu/praxis/sexuality/elfenbein/elfenbein.html
<div class="field field-name-field-published field-type-date field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="collex:date" datatype="gYearMonth"><span class="date-display-single" property="collex:date" datatype="gYearMonth" content="2006-01-01T00:00:00-05:00">January 2006</span></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-resource-index field-type-entityreference field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/praxis/sexuality/index.html">Historicizing Romantic Sexuality</a></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-fulltext"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><!--Couldn't selectively extract content, Imported Full Body :( May need to used a more carefully tuned import template.-->
<div id="container"><div id="essay"><div style="text-align: center"><h2>Historicizing Romantic Sexuality</h2></div><div style="text-align: center"><h3>Romantic Loves: A Response to <i>Historicizing Romantic Sexuality</i></h3></div><div style="text-align: center"><h4>Andrew Elfenbein, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities</h4></div><p class="RCabstract">This essay responds to the essays in _Historicizing Romantic Sexuality_ by considering their usefulness in response to Michel Foucault. The author examines how each essay continues or complicates Foucault's ideas in _The History of Sexuality_. The author concludes by discussing the concept of love in Romanticism. This essay appears in _Historicizing Romantic Sexuality_, a volume of _Romantic Circles Praxis Series_, prepared exclusively for Romantic Circles (http://www.rc.umd.edu/), University of Maryland.</p><ol><li><p>In Volume I of <i>The History of Sexuality</i>, Foucault argues that sex should be treated not as a matter of individual choice but as part of "the regime of power-knowledge-pleasure":</p><blockquote>The central issue . . . is not to determine whether one says yes or no to sex, whether one formulates prohibitions or permissions, whether one asserts its importance or denies its effects, or whether one refines the words one uses to designate it; but to account for the fact that it is spoken about, to discover who does the speaking, the positions and viewpoints from which they speak, the institutions which prompt people to speak about it and which store and distribute the things that are said. What is at issue, briefly, is the over-all "discursive fact," the way in which sex is "put into discourse." (11)</blockquote><p>The "central issue" here has nothing to do with how anyone had sex. Foucault agrees with the most startling statement in Percy Shelley's "Discourse on the Manners of the Ancient Greeks Relative to the Subject of Love": "The act itself is nothing" (221). This is an odd dismissal. One might counter that the act is rather important, and deserves careful historical attention. Foucault, however, claims that "sex" is merely "an imaginary point determined by the deployment of sexuality" (155). His larger point is to avoid the perceived trap of elevating sex to "the side of reality," while demoting sexuality merely to "confused ideas and illusions" (15).</p></li><li><p>Since Foucault sees little purpose in writing a history of sex acts, he is more concerned to counter the assumption that he will present a victorious history of sexual repression (bad) and sexual liberation (good). Such a history would beg the question he wishes to ask, which is how sex came to be understood as repressing or liberating at all. The important history of sexuality for Foucault lies not in the discourse itself so much as in the conditions that enabled it. What counts is not approving or disapproving of particular statements, but grasping the larger system that allowed sex to enter language at all: why sex was worth talking about, who talked about it, what institutions undergirded them, and how language about sex was recorded and disseminated. Foucault's position requires understanding language about sexuality only in relational terms, insofar as any given piece of discourse takes its place within a larger web of statements about sexuality.<a href="#1">[1]</a><a name="back1"> </a></p></li><li><p>For literary critics, this is hardly news: Foucault's arguments are nothing if not familiar. Yet the familiarity of his arguments at a theoretical level masks the difficulty that literary critics have had in actually carrying forward Foucault's project. For the most part, the essays in <i>Historicizing Romantic Sexuality</i> manifest a somewhat oblique relation to Foucault, despite the citation of his work. In part, as Jonathan Loesberg argues in his essay, this may have occurred because a rather minor part of <i>The History of Sexuality</i>, the supposed "invention" of the homosexual, has bulked so large in the reception of Foucault that it has come to stand for the whole. Engaging Foucault may not seem very interesting when, too often, it has come down to nothing more than agreeing or disagreeing with his dates.<a href="#2">[2]</a><a name="back2"> </a> Furthermore, for all of Foucault's supposed omnipresence, much of the historical spadework required to place literary works in relation to a larger discursive network about sexuality remains unfinished. Decades after the publication of Foucault's work, scholars of British studies have nothing like even a fragmentary account of factors that he suggests are central to a history of sexuality. We do have some pieces, such as examinations of developments in science and medicine, political rhetoric, and literature.<a href="#3">[3]</a><a name="back3"> </a> But other areas of potentially equal interest remain relatively untouched, such as the discourse of religion (sermons, tracts, biblical commentaries) or the codes of military conduct (the role of sexual humiliation in wartime, as at the siege of Badajoz during the Peninsular campaign). Nor has anyone put the pieces together to create even a tentative map of the deployment of sexuality across institutions, knowledges, and practices. The citation of Foucault's text has substituted for the realization of his project.</p></li><li><p>Beyond the daunting range of knowledge that would be required for a full Foucauldian analysis, disciplinary practices within literary criticism preserve many categories that Foucault wished to question. In particular, the genre of literary critical essay still bases itself primarily around the reading of individual texts, typically understood as the product of an intending author who has expressed himself or herself in them. It has proven much easier to criticize the assumptions of this mode than to provide workable alternatives to it. Essays or books that draw on historicist, materialist, or psychoanalytic theories designed to unsettle the sovereignty of the intending author often do less to unsettle it than to find ways of coexisting uneasily and oxymoronically beside it.</p></li><li><p>For literary critics, the individualism of the artistic self privileged by the conventions of disciplinary analysis chimes with the individualism that, according to Foucault, is the triumph of sexuality's regime: "So it is that all the world's enigmas appear frivolous to us compared to this secret, minuscule in each of us, but of a density that makes it more serious than any other" (156). One result is that he cautions against thinking that "we are affirming the rights of our sex against all power" when we actually are only "fastened to the deployment of sexuality that has lifted up from deep within us a sort of mirage in which we think we see ourselves reflected" (157). Although Foucault does not make the connection explicitly, one result of this individualism is that understanding ourselves in terms of a relational web of power becomes extremely difficult: the deployment of sexuality locates our identity entirely "in" us. Literary critics appropriate this individualism when they read texts as expressing, encoding, or repressing a sexualized self that belongs either to the biographical author or to the author as figure for a cultural moment.</p></li><li><p>The result tends to reinstall as givens the categories that Foucault unsettled. Close reading alone, no matter how historically situated, cannot describe just what kind of power literature <i>qua</i> literature had within the larger network of discourses that deployed sexuality during the Romantic period.<a href="#4">[4]</a><a name="back4"> </a> Unfortunately, Foucault's key concept for battling the individualizing power of sexuality, "power," is so all-encompassing that it offers only limited help. Foucauldian power is a site of "multiple and mobile . . . relations" (98) undergoing such constant transformation that they virtually defy analysis. It seems as if Foucault wants the sheer complexity of his image of power to be a guarantee of its truth.<a href="#5">[5]</a><a name="back5"> </a>Reading Foucault's description, it can feel as if his concept of power is less a blueprint meant to be realized in a concrete analysis than a point-by-point negation of an older, inadequate model.</p></li><li><p>The great value of the essays in <i>Historicizing Romantic Sexuality</i> is to provide some badly needed specificity about the forms of agency that sexuality might take during the Romantic period, as an alternative to Foucault's all-devouring "power." Even as Foucault insists on the omnipresence of power, he looks to the most obvious sites for its deployment, such as religious confession and the medicalization of sexuality. The essays in <i>Historicizing Romantic Sexuality</i> provide a much better guide to the multiplication of sexualities by looking at such sites as the preface, the novel, poetic form, an abolitionist tract, women's clothes, and juvenilia. In what follows, I treat the essays in <i>Historicizing Romantic Sexuality</i> with an avowed bias: imagining how they might fit into a larger Foucauldian project by discussing the kinds of agency associated with each of these sites.</p></li><li><p>Bradford Mudge's essay examines "how sexual bodies are represented in romantic fiction" (8). After describing voyeurism in Cleland's <i>Fanny Hill</i>, he turns to Lewis's <i>The Monk</i>, in which voyeurism reveals not the "real" body as described by Cleland but the unobtainable body of male fantasy, and Austen's <i>Pride and Prejudice</i>, in which bodily pleasure is made subservient to "love, marriage, and family." In linking his work to Foucault, Mudge notes that <i>Pride and Prejudice</i>foreshadows and encapsulates Foucault's "entire argument," because Foucault "insists" that sexuality "coheres in one central purpose"; this purpose, according to Foucault, is that of constituting "a sexuality that is economically useful and politically conservative." Yet Mudge seems more convinced of this point than Foucault does; immediately after the passage that Mudge quotes, Foucault writes, "I still do not know whether this is the ultimate objective" (37). Indeed, what Mudge claims to be Foucault's basic argument looks more like Foucault's self-parody of his own repressive hypothesis, which is why he quickly backtracks from it. In the larger context of <i>The History of Sexuality</i>, Foucault's argument is not that sexuality is politically conservative; indeed, he spends considerable time criticizing historiography that imagines power in terms of a one-sided hierarchy of oppression implied by a phrase like "politically conservative." Instead, he explains how modern discourses of sexuality work through "multiplication: a dispersion of sexualities, a strengthening of their disparate forms, a multiple implantation of 'perversities'" (37).</p></li><li><p>The relevance of Foucault for Mudge's argument is less that <i>The History of Sexuality</i> recapitulates Jane Austen but that Foucault specifies the question of how literature acted as a vehicle of multiplication: how did reading fictional stories about sex come to be as important as doing it? It is tempting for literary critics to conceive the answer chiefly in terms of representation: because novels depicted sexualized behavior, they were obviously an instrument shaping the deployment of sexuality. Yet Foucault suggests that an analysis of fiction's agency needs to do more, by engaging the dynamics of reception in terms of "the institutions which prompt people to speak about [sexuality] and which store and distribute the things that are said."</p></li><li><p>For scholars of the Romantic novel, answering this question might include examining the intersection between the social institution of the family and the economic apparatus of fiction marketing and production. The point is not simply that novels represented sexuality, but that the presence of novels changed in important ways the sexual dynamics of the family: novels invaded the household; defined, consolidated, or challenged relations between family members; marked living spaces as appropriate or inappropriate for reading; were kept, returned, or junked; and became subjects of conversation. The work of William St. Clair in <i>The Reading Nation in the Romantic Period</i> might provide a telling starting-place for a more complete investigation of the novel as a particular site for the multiplication of sexualities during this period.</p></li><li><p>The essays of Susan Lanser and Daniel O'Quinn foreground one of the most important forms of agency in the history of sexuality, the code. Foucault describes the code in terms of "the method of interpretation" central to <i>scientia sexualis</i>, in which "the revelation of confession had to be coupled with the decipherment of what it said" (66). Sexuality is the hidden truth that can be made visible only with the help of the expert interpreter. With the right tools, even seemingly innocent texts can be made to confess, to yield up their secrets to decipherment.</p></li><li><p>In Lanser's essay, lesbianism is the mystery encoded by poetic form; the skilled interpreter is able to unwrap the mystery by close attention to "sapphic tropes": "The transgressive potential of female friendship . . . urged the inscription of female intimacies into the ambiguities of figuration." This essay's detailed foregrounding of figuration and metrics demonstrates that poetic language has resources available to it for encoding that are not available anywhere else. Lanser's essay valuably helps to explain some of literature's peculiar place in the deployment of sexuality because of its ability to install sexuality not only in semantic meaning but also in extrasemantic aspects of language.</p></li><li><p>For O'Quinn, decoding involves interpreting the competing pressures of abolitionist discourse between Christian masochism and the history of British imperialism. His essay looks closely at an odd scene of prayer in Olaudah Equiano's <i>Interesting Narrative</i>. The gap between what one might expect of such a scene and what Equiano provides leads O'Quinn to read the episode as a moment of Christianized masochism, in which Equiano "is . . . acting his sexual degradation." This abasement is "necessary for Equiano's masochistic identification with the invisible church," an identification that the essay develops by examining Equiano's reference to the "Sons of Belial" in terms of its Biblical source in Judges 19.</p></li><li><p>The major achievements of O'Quinn's essay lie in foregrounding abolition and the slave trade as critical sites for the deployment of sexuality during the Romantic period, and in emphasizing the role of Christian rhetoric in mediating this deployment. Moreover, O'Quinn importantly underscores the value of masochism in forging a nexus between Christianity, imperialism, and the slave trade. Yet the status of masochism fluctuates in the essay between a rhetoric of eighteenth-century dissent strategically deployed by Equiano and something closer to a psychological neurosis, as described by Reik and Silverman. The more that O'Quinn's essay moves toward decoding, the more masochism becomes the essence of Equiano's being, what Foucault describes as "a truth which the very form of the confession holds out like a shimmering mirage" (59).</p></li><li><p>For example, Equiano tells us that George "would get up on purpose to go to prayer with [him], without any other clothes than his shirt." O'Quinn's prioritization of masochism leads him to read this scene in terms of Equiano's sexual abasement, in which George serves as Equiano's "necessary tormentor." Yet positing masochism as the truth that must be extracted from this scene leads O'Quinn to sidestep the fact that Equiano's language does not obviously reveal masochistic torment. On the contrary, when Equiano describes George's enthusiasm for prayer, Equiano notes, in the passage quoted by O'Quinn, "I was well pleased at this, and took great delight in him, and used much supplication to God for his conversion." One might argue that such a statement is a reaction formation, a defense against desire, but doing so reinscribes the sexualized essence that Foucault wished to question. (O'Quinn argues for something like such a reaction formation later in his essay when he describes a "textual repression in which physical and quasi-anthropological observations are used to regulate the power of emotion elicited by rememorative passages that are too volatile to handle.") Yet Equiano's language focuses less on his sense of threat and powerlessness than on his somewhat condescending amusement at George's naivete and his pleasure at his own power over George, his ability to "make such progress with this youth." His ultimate failure to convert George may point less to his own need to sustain a masochistic fantasy than to his opportunity to provide a negative example to his audience; they should not be like the "sons of Belial" who ultimately prevent George's conversion, but should be among those who hear the word and bear a good harvest by abolishing the traffic in slaves.</p></li><li><p>Through their investment in decoding, Lanser and O'Quinn both raise questions about the temporality of this mode of agency. Did these figurations have to wait for twenty-first century critics to unlock their ambiguities, or were they available to Georgian readers as well? Both essays seem to assume that they were indeed decipherable to their original readers. If so, they might do more to explain the reading practices whereby readers would have been acclimated to look for sexualized codes, as in the reception of satire. More generally, these essays develop in a way that Foucault does not the effectiveness of the code as a site for the proliferation of sexuality, since codes, like allegories, have a tendency to overwhelm their boundaries. If poetic form is sometimes a code for irregular desires, is it all the time? Does this irregularity apply only to sapphic representations, or to ones between men as well? If Equiano is sometimes occupying the position of Christian masochist, is he doing so all the time? If not, how does one recognize the presence or absence of coded moments? As D. A. Miller has pondered, answering such questions is particularly difficult. Ignoring coded meanings condemns sexuality to invisibility, but searching for them can at times come close to a hostile interrogation, an outing of the text (17-18).</p></li><li><p>Whereas the essays by Lanser and O'Quinn focus on uncovering what the text encodes, those by Fay and Heydt-Stevenson examine more visible rebellions or challenges to a repressive order. In so doing, they seem to disagree strongly with Foucault, who claims that "sexuality must not be described as a stubborn drive, by nature alien and of necessity disobedient to a power which exhausts itself trying to subdue it and often fails to control it entirely" (103). Both Fay and Heydt-Stevenson posit female sexuality as just such a stubborn drive, looking for modes of independence and self-expression in the face of restrictive social conditions and hostile censorship. According to Fay, Mary Robinson and Princess Caroline "felt empowered by the radicalism or laxity of their times to tease the borders of expected roles and rules engendering sexual expression"; according to Heydt-Stevenson, "Austen's representations of her heroines' fighting and drinking and lovemaking and thieving . . . offer a language for deciphering the robust, lusty female energy that social rules encrypt or entomb." They both reaffirm the rebellious woman of bourgeois feminist criticism, whose inherent intelligence and dynamism struggle against an oppressive, patriarchal environment.</p></li><li><p>Although these essays eschew Foucauldian positions, they both nevertheless raise important points for a Foucauldian analysis of the Romantic period, especially in relation to women. The association traced by Fay between clothes and female agency offers a telling contrast to what Foucault describes as the interpretive techniques of confession. Whereas some bodies need to be forced to disclose their sexual truths, others, such as those of Robinson and Princess Caroline, become all too easily legible, being reproduced with dizzying rapidity in written descriptions, prints, and satirical drawings. Her essay suggests that the Foucauldian category of <i>scientia sexualis</i> could be provocatively juxtaposed with a very different system of clothes and fashion as modes for producing the sexualized body. Whereas Foucault imagines a body of opinion generated by medical specialists, Fay describes a system created not merely by the British fashion industry, but also by pamphleteers, actors, cartoonists, and society painters. As Fay demonstrates, it is not enough to treat clothes simply as another item within a burgeoning consumer society: clothes had a privileged place within print capitalism's techniques of training the eye. Literary historians should have a particular interest in this use of clothes, given the parallels that historians have noted between the struggle to define literary property and the debates over the ownership of dress design.<a href="#6">[6]</a><a name="back6"> </a></p></li><li><p>Heydt-Stevenson's essay points to what Foucault calls "the tactical polyvalence of discourses" (100): the condescendingly repressive language of the late eighteenth-century conduct books gives rise to the "joyful lawlessness" of Austen's juvenilia. Moreover, Heydt-Stevenson importantly insists that the "abandon" of the juvenilia is not "entirely repressed" in Austen's more mature work. Her essay points to the need for further analysis of the work that the label "juvenilia" performs simultaneously to sexualize and desexualize the narrative of an authorial career. Since the time of Virgil's <i>Eclogues</i>, juvenilia have been associated both with displays of eroticism and with an immature stage of life that the author, thankfully, outgrows in order to engage more "serious" issues. Heydt-Stevenson powerfully demonstrates that the assumptions undergirding this developmental model need serious reconsideration.</p></li><li><p>Richard Sha's essay moves the ground of discussion from particular case studies to the larger theoretical underpinnings of the historiography of sexuality. His essay makes an important intervention not only into scholarship on the Romantic period but also into work on the history of sexuality more generally in its persistent querying of "alterity as the gold standard of history." He pursues this theme through a potent contrast between two thinkers, both "committed to the otherness of Greek sex," but for different reasons. David Halperin's discussion of the pseudo-Lucianic <i>Erotes</i> values alterity as a way of making us "think outside of our present concept of orientation"; Shelley's preface to his translation of <i>The Symposium</i>, according to Sha, uses alterity more conservatively to consign homoeroticism to the Greek past and thereby clear the way for a universally heterosexual modernity. Sha's criticism of the fetishization of alterity is a familiar theme in the history of hermeneutics; Paul Ricoeur, for example, describes the "illusion . . . that puts an end to our collusion with the past and creates a situation comparable to the objectivity of the natural sciences, on the grounds that a loss of familiarity is a break with the contingent" (74). Sha is particularly compelling in his demonstration of how the privileging of alterity encourages a sort of "lite" objectivity, a humanities-friendly version of the (supposed) factual certainty of science.</p></li><li><p>In the service of this objectivity, according to Sha, Halperin ends up portraying the Greeks as even more "other" than they were, at least on the evidence of the <i>Erotes</i>. The differences described by Halperin turn out to be ones of degree rather than kind, though, to be fair to Halperin, the crux of his argument is that difference existed at all. A further question about the <i>Erotes</i> might be not so much about difference as about about generalizability. Both Halperin and Sha suggest that the <i>Erotes</i> is a highly self-conscious dialogue, with two opposing points of view brought into exaggerated contrast. As Halperin writes, it might be thought of as a "passionate debate . . . between someone who eats nothing but vegetables and someone who eats nothing but meat" (99). Given this obvious rhetoricity, what kinds of conclusions can be made about differences either of degree or of kind in light of its questionable generalizability?</p></li><li><p>When Sha turns to Shelley, he reads the homophobia of the "Discourse" somewhat as O'Quinn reads Equiano's <i>Interesting Narrative</i>, partly as a deflection of sexual threat: "Shelley's sense of the otherness of the Greeks may well have deflected attention away from his own homosocial desires." According to Sha, Shelley blames the Greeks' homoeroticism on their degradation of women; since Shelley believes that modernity has improved women's condition, homosexuality should no longer exist. Yet, as Sha notes, this othering quickly breaks down, since Shelley both admits that "gender inequality has not been abolished" and employs essentializing rhetoric to suggest that homosexuality cannot be safely confined to the past.</p></li><li><p>Yet the psychologizing of male sexual threat in this essay, as in O'Quinn's essay, may sidestep some of the text's performative work. The <i>Discourse</i> introduces Shelley's translation of <i>The Symposium</i>, with its gorgeous, rhapsodic account of love between men. Shelley's concern in his preface seems to me to be less to confine homosexuality to the Greeks than to stave off his audience's potential rejection of the whole of <i>The Symposium</i> because of their assumed disgust with Greek homosexuality. Rather than confining homosexuality to the Greek past, Shelley makes an even more peculiar argument. He saves <i>The Symposium</i> for his audience by arguing that Greek homosexuality was not what his audience (at least some of them) might think it was: "I am persuaded that it was totally different from the ridiculous and disgusting conceptions which the vulgar have formed on the subject, at least except among the debased and abandoned of mankind" (222). Class respectability arrives to rescue the Greeks: nice Greek men really did not have anal sex with boys at all; only vulgar ones did, and only vulgar readers now would be crude enough to think otherwise. According to Shelley, respectable Greeks had such a ripe fantasy lives that they did not need penetration at all:</p><blockquote>If we consider the facility with which certain phenomena connected with sleep, at the age of puberty, associated themselves with those images which are the objects of our waking desires; and even that in some persons of an exalted state of sensibility that a similar process may take place in reverie, it will not be difficult to conceive the almost involuntary consequences of a state of abandonment in the society of a person of surpassing attractions, when the sexual connection cannot exist, to be such as to preclude the necessity of so operose and diabolical a machination as that usually described. (222)</blockquote></li><li><p>Rather than having full-blown anal sex, which Shelley regards not only as "diabolical" but also as just too much trouble ("operose"), Greek men "of an exalted state of sensibility" would ejaculate as one of the "almost involuntary consequences" of being "in the society of a person of surpassing attractions." One might imagine that the sheer messiness of those involuntary consequences could be just as inconvenient as the "operose and diabolical . . . machination" that Shelley deplores, but he seems to imagine that waking wet dreams are essentially more pure because they are involuntary.</p></li><li><p>The othering in Shelley's preface is not between the Greeks and the moderns but between the exalted and the vulgar in both periods; exalted Greeks had waking wet dreams; debased ones had anal sex; exalted modern readers of the Greeks understand the real purity of the love praised in <i>The Symposium</i>; vulgar modern readers insist on a "vulgar imputation" (222) of sodomy. As Sha argues, Shelley's presentation of sexual differences throughout is characterized by a slippage between identity and difference. With regard to Greek love, the slippage centers around the concept of abandonment. On one hand, Shelley claims that if the Greeks had anal sex at all, it was performed only by the "abandoned of mankind." At the same time, he describes the exalted wet dreamers in similar terms: their ejaculations occur when the men are "in a state of abandonment," rather like Heydt-Stevenson's depiction of Austen's juvenilia. What differentiates the abandon of the vulgar from the abandon of the exalted? Shelley's essay reveals "abandon" to be a vexed node in the discourse of sexuality, simultaneously desired and feared.</p></li><li><p>Jonathan Loesberg's essay moves questions of identity and difference to larger issues of gay historiography, without particular reference to the Romantic period. Loesberg spends considerable time in his essay exploring what Ricoeur, after Gadamer, calls the "horizon" of historical understanding (74-75). He names his own variously as "inauthenticity" and "hedgerow envy" and opposes it to those of gay historians, as represented primarily by David Halperin. The concept of the "hedgerow" enables a policing of identity and difference: because Loesberg is not gay, he can claim to have a "non-historical stake in the meaning of a historical narrative." The product of this "non-historical stake" is the conclusion that, even though gay historians are almost guaranteed to get their Foucault wrong, one should not criticize them too much because realizing the "Enlightenment ideals" of Foucault's philosophy "far exceed[s] any details of historical inaccuracy or accidents of political implication." Loesberg uses the aegis of inauthenticity to criticize and not criticize gay historians at the same time. Yet I'm not sure that the concept escapes the condescension that Loesberg wishes to avoid, since the "hedgerow" metaphor still positions gay historians "over there," enmeshed in their naive political biases, while Loesberg is "over here," enjoying the pleasures not of truth but of aestheticized, paradoxical self-consciousness.</p></li><li><p>At the same time, I think that Loesberg is exactly right about oversimplifications of the Foucauldian project, such as the reduction of Foucault either to his biography or to certain quasi-historical positions taken in <i>The History of Sexuality</i>. Yet the alternative to seeing Foucault as a historian may not be to treat him as a classic philosopher of the Enlightenment, whose goals are "to think outside the limits of one's own presumptions." We hardly need Foucault to think outside the limits of our own presumptions: Newtonian physics or Christian ethics, among others, would serve equally well. Foucault's interest lies less in neo-Kantian self-distantiation than in a conceptual framework that allowed a particular topic, the discourse of sexuality, to emerge as fundamental for a knowledge of modernity.<a href="#7">[7]</a><a name="back7"> </a> Given Foucault's own interest in the structures that enable enunciations to gain power, the interest of this framework may reveal less about a philosophical or political project than an academic one: Foucault's work moved sexuality from a minor, virtually unspeakable subject within the humanities to a core concern.</p></li><li><p>By focusing on the aesthetic aspects of Foucault's project, Loesberg avoids the institutional ones. Questions of "hedgerow envy" or "inauthenticity" arise in the realm less of aesthetics and politics than of aesthetics and politics as realized in a particular site: the academy. Although, in <i>Saint Foucaul</i>t, Halperin argues for the importance of Foucault to contemporary gay activism, the activist scene may have shifted between the late 1980s AIDS activists mentioned by Halperin and current GLBT activists (15-18). Today, few GLBT books, articles, speeches, or websites designed for a nonacademic audience make substantive use of anything by Foucault. The meaningful site of Foucault's success and influence is an academic one. The relevant subject positions for Loesberg's analysis may be as much English professor versus English professor as gay versus straight. The important questions opened up by Loesberg's essay involve the convergence of Foucault's influence on the academy and the growth of "GLBT Studies," a discipline that takes Foucault's work as a founding text.The (mis)understandings of Foucault traced by Loesberg have less to do with the constraints of gay identity or politics than with the adaptation of Foucault's work by pre-existing disciplinary structures and practices in the service of creating an academic foothold where none had existed.</p></li><li><p>The question haunting me after I read these essays was whether or not the representation of the sexualized human body should be the only or even inevitable starting-point for a discussion of Romanticism and sexuality. As numerous historians and critics have suggested, the eighteenth century witnessed an increasing consolidation of heterosexual norms in literature, politics, social mores, conduct books, medicine, and so forth, all accompanied by increasing impatience with gender transgressions that could be linked to same-sex eroticism. By the Romantic period, those heterosexualizing energies had been successful&#8212;indeed, possibly too successful. Frederick Beaty's still valuable <i>Light from Heaven</i> details the almost overwhelming heterosexism in Romantic literature. Anna Clark's recent work, in <i>Scandal</i>, has demonstrated the saturation of the Georgian public sphere in heterosexuality; endless idealization of heterosexuality went hand in hand with a seemingly endless capacity to be scandalized. What Foucault describes as a proliferation of sexualities may have looked, at least for the Georgian period, more like a monotonous repetition of one sexuality in every nook and cranny of discourse.</p></li><li><p>In the face of the heterosexual onslaught, Romantic writers did not so much develop a counterdiscourse as explore possibilities lurking within an older discourse, one often overlooked by the historians of sexuality, including Foucault. This was the discourse of love.<a href="#8">[8]</a><a name="back8"> </a> In the Romantic period, sexualities consolidate, but loves proliferate:</p><blockquote>Eternity is in love with the productions of time. (Blake, plate 7, l. 10)<br/><br/>
I love to be reminded of the past, Edward&#8212;whether it be melancholy or gay, I love to recall it&#8212;and you will never offend me by talking of former times. (Austen 118).<br/><br/>
I love a public road: few sights there are / That please me more. (Wordsworth, <i>The Prelude</i>, 12.145-46)<br/><br/>
Here a vain love to passing flowers / Thou gav'st. (Hemans ll. 41-42)<br/><br/>
I love the men with women's faces, and the women, if possible, with still more womanish expressions. (Lamb 972)</blockquote></li><li><p>The Romantics, like earlier writers, continue to direct love at the usual suspects, like God, man, and nature; in addition, "love" could serve as a convenient euphemism for sex in the period. But I am interested in the other possibilities that love made available, especially the Romantic knack for directing love at more out of the way objects. Diedre Lynch, in "Wedded to Books: Bibliomania and the Romantic Essayists," has already provided an important discussion of perhaps the most important of these: books. My interest is in just what relations these loves have to the history of sexuality as described by Foucault.</p></li><li><p>When Blake claims that "Eternity is in love with the productions of time," one might, with enough ingenuity, imagine how this could be decoded as a moment in "the will to knowledge regarding sex" (65).Yet Blake's use of "love" here proves more cryptic than a Foucauldian reading suggests it should be. Just what kind of love does Eternity have for these productions, and what is the difference between being in love with "the productions" and being in love with "time" itself? Blake uses the metaphor of "love" more to deflect knowledge than to enhance or proliferate it.Rather than permitting "eternity" and the "productions of time" to enter omnipresent regimes of power and knowledge, the love between them seems to shelter them from those regimes, or at least locate them in a place in which those regimes are not especially relevant. Romantic writers are interested in exploring the possibility that love for the productions of time or for being reminded of the past or for old china may have nothing to do with sexuality because it belongs to an entirely different place within the human psyche. They reveal desires that are not so much asexual as extra-sexual, existing next to but not necessarily in cooperation with the networks of power so vividly described by Foucault.</p></li><li><p>These loves, which may have rebelled against the consolidation of heterosexuality, later became a template for the quirky, "abnormal" loves pathologized by the sexologists, in the activity that Foucault calls "a psychiatrization of perverse pleasure" (105). Designating such loves as "perverse" pulls them away from their own discursive context into the orbit of sexuality. At best, in a psychoanalytic scheme, they could be read as sublimation, which, according to Freud, "consists in the sexual trend abandoning its aim of obtaining a component or a reproductive pleasure and taking on another which is related genetically to the abandoned one but is itself no longer sexual and must be described as social" (345). Yet there is a fine line between sublimation and neurosis for Freud, especially in relation to artists: "It is well known, indeed, how often artists in particular suffer from a partial inhibition of their efficiency owing to neuroses. Their constitutions probably include a strong capacity for sublimation and a certain degree of laxity in the repressions which are decisive for a conflict" (376).</p></li><li><p>In this Freudian light, Wordsworth's praise of "little, nameless, unremembered, acts / Of kindness and of love" appears merely as another episode in the vicissitudes of the libido ("Tintern Abbey" ll. 34-35). Useful as such a decoding might be to later readers, it seems important for Wordsworth in his historical moment to imagine his "acts . . . of love" as something else. At a moment when the public sphere was packed with big, loudly named, embarrassingly trumpeted acts of sexual love on the part of the Prince Regent and others, Wordsworth's poetry seems interested in continuing an entirely different sense of what love might look like. This moment is hardly politically neutral; one might wish to connect it, for example, to the Burkean politics of domesticity as described by Claudia Johnson (198-199). It is, however, a representation of desire that does not mesh obviously with the regimes traced by Foucault, and it is one that Romanticists might want to engage more systematically.</p></li><li><p>Sexuality in Romantic writers can often become formulaic, while love, especially love not directed at people, more fully retains the aura of what Kenneth Burke calls the "concealed offense" (51-60). Foucault's project of tracing the network of knowledge and power around sexuality remains incomplete for the Romantic period. But it may be equally important to acknowledge histories of desire that never quite became part of sexuality during the period. In light of the importance of love, it might be worth asking about the link between bibliomania, as described by Lynch, and the history of pornography, as described by Mudge, so as to examine how the allure of graphic sexual representation interweaves with love for the medium (suspicious books, hidden magazines, exclusive websites). If Sapphic love lurks in eroticized irregularities, as Lanser demonstrates, I am also struck by the association between sapphism during the period and certain marked enthusiasms, as in the gardening of the Ladies of Llangollen and the sculpture of Anne Damer. The erotics of Equiano's relations with others on his ship meshes with his love for the intricacies of navigation, both the literal navigation of the ship and the figurative navigation of the British commercial system. In the cases described by Fay, a love for clothes may not only heighten the sexual allure of bodies, but compete with it, and Heydt-Stevenson suggests that the appetites indulged in Austen's juvenilia may or may not be pure displacements of erotic energy. The presence of love further complicates the play of identity and difference described by Sha by underscoring the potential inadequacy of a history of sexuality that focuses too exclusively on what Shelley calls "the act." It also adds another facet to Loesberg's analysis by inviting us to consider the relationship between aesthetic self-distantiation and love for a particular thinker like Foucault, of the kind that Halperin champions in <i>Saint Foucault</i>. If we imagine love as something other than sexuality by other means, it may offer scholars the chance to return to a seemingly old topic with a new perspective on its agency.<br/></p></li></ol></div>
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<div class="notesWorks"><h4>Works Cited</h4><p class="hang">Anderson, Amanda. "Victorian Studies and the Two Modernities.&#8221; <i>Victorian Studies</i> 47 (2005): <span class="indent">195-203</span>.</p><p class="hang">Austen, Jane. <i>Sense and Sensibility</i>. Ed. Tony Tanner. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin, 1987.</p><p class="hang">Beaty, Frederick L. <i>Light from Heaven: Love in British Romantic Literature.</i> DeKalb: Northern Illinois Univ. Press, 1971.</p><p class="hang">Blake, William. <i>The Marriage of Heaven and Hell.</i><i>The Complete Poetry and Prose of William Blake</i>. Ed. David V. Erdman, rev. ed. New York: Anchor Press, 1982.</p><p class="hang">Clark, Anna. <i>Scandal: The Sexual Politics of the British Constitution.</i> Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 2004.</p><p class="hang">Fletcher, Anthony. <i>Gender, Sex, and Subordination in England, 1500-1800</i>. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1996.</p><p class="hang">Foucault, Michel. <i>The Archaeology of Knowledge and the Discourse on Language</i>. Trans. A. M. Sheridan Smith. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1993.</p><p class="hang">---. <i>The History of Sexuality, Volume 1: An Introduction</i>, Trans. Robert Hurley. New York: Random House, 1978.</p><p class="hang">Freud, Sigmund. <i>Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis</i>. Trans. James Strachey. New York:&#160; Norton, 1966.</p><p class="hang">Greysmith, David. "Patterns, Piracy and Protection in the Textile Printing Industry, 1787-1850." <i>Textile History</i> 14 (1983): <span class="indent">165-94</span>.</p><p class="hang">Haggerty, George. <i>Men in Love: Masculinity and Sexuality in the Eighteenth Century.</i> New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1999.</p><p class="hang">---. "Male Love and Friendship in the Eighteenth Century." <i>Love, Sex, Intimacy, and Friendship Between Men, 1550-1800</i>. Ed. Katherine O'Donnell and Michael O'Rourke. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.</p><p class="hang">Halperin, David. <i>How to Do the History of Homosexuality</i>. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 2002.</p><p class="hang">---. <i>Saint Foucault:&#160; Towards a Gay Hagiography.</i> New York:&#160; Oxford Univ. Press, 1995.</p><p class="hang">Hemans, Felicia. "The Grave of a Poetess." <i>Felicia Hemans: Selected Poems, Letters, Reception Materials</i>. Ed. Susan Wolfson. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 2000.</p><p class="hang">Hitchcock, Tim. <i>English Sexualities, 1700-1800.</i> New York: St. Martin's, 1997.</p><p class="hang">Johnson, Claudia L. <i>Equivocal Beings: Politics, Gender, and Sentimentality in the 1790s.</i> Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1995.</p><p class="hang">Kriegel, Lara. "Culture and the Copy: Calico, Capitalism, and Design Copyright in Early Victorian Britain." <i>Journal of British Studies</i> 43 (2004): <span class="indent">233-65</span>.</p><p class="hang">Lamb, Charles. "Old China." <i>The Longman Anthology of British Literature, Volume Two</i>. Ed. David Damrosch et al. New York: Longman, 1999.</p><p class="hang">Liu, Alan. "Local Transcendence: Cultural Criticism, Postmodernism, and the Romanticism of Detail," <i>Representations</i> 32 (1990): <span class="indent">75-113</span>.</p><p class="hang">Lynch, Deidre. "Wedded to Books: Bibliomania and the Romantic Essayists." <i>Romantic Libraries</i>. Ed. Ina Ferris.&#160;<i>Romantic Circles Praxis Series</i>.&#160;February 2004.&#160; &lt;<a href="http://www.rc.umd.edu/praxis/libraries/lynch/lynch.html" shape="rect">http://www.rc.umd.edu/praxis/libraries/lynch/lynch.html</a>&gt;.</p><p class="hang">Messer-Davidow, Ellen. <i>Disciplining Feminism: From Social Activism to Academic Discourse</i>. Durham: Duke Univ. Press, 2002.</p><p class="hang">Miller, D.A. <i>Bringing Out Roland Barthes.</i> Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 1992.</p><p class="hang">O'Quinn, Daniel. "Preface: Romanticism and Sexual Vice," <i>Nineteenth-Century Contexts</i> 27 (2005): <span class="indent">1-9</span>.</p><p class="hang">Porter, Roy, and Lesley Hall, <i>The Facts of Life: The Creation of Sexual Knowledge in Britain, 1650-1950.</i> New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995.</p><p class="hang">Ricoeur, Paul. <i>Hermeneutics and the Human Sciences</i>. Ed. and trans. John B. Thompson. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1981.</p><p class="hang">Sha, Richard. "Romanticism and the Sciences of Perversion." <i>Wordsworth Circle</i> 36 (2005): <span class="indent">43-48</span>.</p><p class="hang">---, ed. "Romanticism and Sexuality.&#8221; A special issue of <i>Romanticism on the Net</i> 23 (August 2001). &lt;<a href="http://www.erudit.org/revue/ron/2001/v/n23/index.html" shape="rect">http://www.erudit.org/revue/ron/2001/v/n23/index.html</a>&gt;.</p><p class="hang">Shelley, Percy Bysshe. "A Discourse on the Manners of the Ancient Greeks Relative to the Subject of Love." <i>Shelley</i><i>'s Prose, or The Trumpet of a Prophecy</i>. Ed. David Lee Clark. London: Fourth Estate, 1988.</p><p class="hang">St. Clair, William. <i>The Reading Nation in the Romantic Period.</i> Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004.</p><p class="hang">Wordsworth, William. "Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey." <i>Selected Poems and Prefaces</i>. Ed. Jack Stillinger. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1965.</p><p class="hang">Wordsworth, William. <i>The Prelude (1805).</i><i>The Prelude 1799, 1805, 1850</i>. Ed. Jonathan Wordsworth, M. H. Abrams, and Stephen Gill. New York: Norton, 1979.<br/><br/></p></div><div class="notesWorks"><h4>Notes</h4><p style="text-align: left" class="indent"><sup><a name="1"> </a>1</sup> Foucault has a complex understanding of exactly what "statement" means; see <i>The Archaeology of Knowledge and the Discourse on Language</i>, pp. 106-17.<br/><a href="#back1">Back</a></p><p style="text-align: left" class="indent"><sup><a name="2"> </a>2</sup> See also David M. Halperin's criticism of this misreading of Foucault in <i>How to Do the History of Homosexuality</i>, pp. 26-32.<br/><a href="#back2">Back</a></p><p style="text-align: left" class="indent"><sup><a name="3"> </a>3</sup> For a partial bibliography, see&#160;Roy Porter and Lesley Hall, Anthony Fletcher, Tim Hitchcock, Anna Clark, Richard Sha ("Romanticism and Sexuality&#8221; and "Romanticism and the Sciences of Perversion"), and Daniel O'Quinn.<br/><a href="#back3">Back</a></p><p style="text-align: left" class="indent"><sup><a name="4"> </a>4</sup> Compare Ellen Messer-Davidow's discussion of the constraints of literary studies on the development of feminist scholarship, pp.178-82.<br/><a href="#back4">Back</a></p><p style="text-align: left" class="indent"><sup><a name="5"> </a>5</sup> On this phenomenon in cultural criticism more generally, see Alan Liu.<br/><a href="#back5">Back</a></p><p style="text-align: left" class="indent"><sup><a name="6"> </a>6</sup> See Greysmith, and Kriegel.<br/><a href="#back6">Back</a></p><p style="text-align: left" class="indent"><sup><a name="7"> </a>7</sup> See Amanda Anderson for an argument that Foucault's output is essentially divided between "the critique of bourgeois modernity&#8221; and "the shift to aesthetic modernity&#8221; (198).&#160; In these terms, Loesberg privileges the second at the expense of the first.<br/><a href="#back7">Back</a></p><p style="text-align: left" class="indent"><sup><a name="8"> </a>8</sup> On the importance of considering love in relation to the history of sexuality, see George Haggerty, <i>Men in Love</i>, pp. 18-20, and "Male Love and Friendship in the Eighteenth Century," pp. 70-81.<br/><a href="#back8">Back</a></p></div></div>
</div></div></div><section class="field field-name-field-authored-by-secondary- field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Authored by (Secondary):&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" rel="role:AUT"><a href="/person/elfenbein-andrew">Elfenbein, Andrew</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-field-parent-section field-type-entityreference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Parent Section:&nbsp;</h2><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/node/31532">Praxis Series</a></div></div></section><section class="field field-name-taxonomy-vocabulary-3 field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Tags:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/tags/sexuality" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">sexuality</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/653" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">homosexuality</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/category/person/michel-foucault-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Michel Foucault</a></li><li class="field-item odd" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/1512" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">love</a></li><li class="field-item even" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/1979" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">The History of Sexuality</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-person-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">Person:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/richard-sha" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Richard Sha</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/bradford-keyes-mudge" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Bradford Keyes Mudge</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/david-m-halperin-0" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">David M. Halperin</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/jane-austen" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jane Austen</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/andrew-elfenbein" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Andrew Elfenbein</a></li><li class="field-item odd"><a href="/category/person/susan-lanser" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Susan Lanser</a></li><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/person/jonathan-loesberg" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Jonathan Loesberg</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-opencalais-provinceorstate-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">ProvinceOrState:&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/province-or-state/minnesota" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Minnesota</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-field-nines-discipline-s- field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">NINES Discipline(s):&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/nines-discipline/literature" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Literature</a></li></ul></section><section class="field field-name-field-nines-type-s- field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above view-mode-fulltext"><h2 class="field-label">NINES Type(s):&nbsp;</h2><ul class="field-items"><li class="field-item even"><a href="/category/nines-type/typescript" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Typescript</a></li></ul></section>Tue, 02 Aug 2011 16:05:26 +0000rc-admin14933 at http://www.rc.umd.edu