FUND is an integrated assessment model
originally set-up to study the role of international capital transfers in climate policy. The
model is now often used to perform cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses of greenhouse
gas emission reduction policies. It is therefore most suitable for analysing the social
and economic impacts of the various response measures, with a particular focus on equity,
both between countries and between socio-economic groups.

Particular relevance

FUND is relevant in analysing the socio-economic impacts of climate change mitigation policies,
with particular focus on estimating the 'costs' of these policies. This makes the model
particularly useful when looking at international equity issues.

Coverage

World

Model applications

The Double Trade-off between Adaptation and Mitigation for Sea Level Rise: An Application of
FUND - This paper studies the economic effects of adaptation and mitigation on the impacts of
sea level rise. FUND was used to generate scenarios of climate change and sea level
rise. In (
http://www.fnu.zmaw.de/fileadmin/fnu-files/publication/tol/RM2373.pdf).

Discounting and the Social Cost of Carbon: A Closer Look at Uncertainty- This paper examines
the economic impacts of employing a declining discount rate on the social cost of carbon (the
marginal social damage from a ton of emitted carbon). Six declining discounting schemes are
implemented in the FUND 2.8 integrated assessment model (
http://www.fnu.zmaw.de/fileadmin/fnu-files/models-data/fund/espmargcost.pdf).

Emission Abatement versus Development as Strategies to Reduce Vulnerability to Climate
Change: An Application of FUND - Using FUND the author analyses whether poorer
countries are generally believed to be more vulnerable to climate change than richer
countries because poorer countries are more exposed and have less adaptive capacity.
(
http://www.fnu.zmaw.de/fileadmin/fnu-files/publication/working-papers/develop.pdf).

Organization's main area of research

Multi-disciplinary research and education on human-induced environmental change that is either
global in nature or pervasive across the world.

Other projects / reseach

ATLANTIS - The project investigates the implications of a 5-6 metres sea
level rise, due to a collapse of the West-Antarctic Ice Sheet, on the Rhone Delta, the
Netherlands, and the Thames Estuary. This is one of the first studies to assess the societal
consequences of impacts and adaptation to “imaginable worst case” climate change
scenarios (http://www.fnu.zmaw.de/ATLANTIS.5701.0.html?&L=3).

CCTAME - The project concentrates on assessing the impacts of
agricultural, climate, energy, forestry and other associated land-use policies considering
the resulting feed-backs on the climate system in the European Union(http://www.cctame.eu/).