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Mt. Vernon Republican (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1854), 1862-08-07

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"i 1 i aall h a . j I, i a G3f VOL. Till. MOUNT VERNON, OHIO THURSDAY, AUGUST 7 1862. NO 40 , $ Mil .Waio OK mi K.i n MT. VERNON REPUBLICAN THURSDAY July 31 MARKING HIE HQUBS THAT SHINES. BT AIRS. FRANCES D. QAQK, The next morning, after taking pof.eaion of "our own hired house," in Carbondale I arose rather dispirited, half inclined to the b'ues, and did uot see any way in particular to rub off the dolorous color. Everything was at sizes and sevens boxes an bureaus, and barrels and bedsteads stood in ghastly md gaunt array, while eaes, cupboards, eh.j.rs andjtarpets made confusion more confounded. Eveiything was wanted and nothing to be found, and y t . verything was exactly in the way. The rooms of the hjuse were in the best possible condition to set one's nerves into a tremor, and the elbows began to ingle with excitement, as the ey e took in the view of soiled paint, greased floors, stained glass, and window made without point, broken and bedaubed, and plaster that nothing but paper would render decent. 'The sight was anything but refreshing; although at another time, I might bave smiled at the dogs and horses on the wall, "(not made by Rosa Booheur,) that looked complsc ntly down upon me in ail the glory of red keel and charcoal. I was a stranger in a rtrange land. I doubt if Joseph, when his brethren sold Yim inlo Egyp', felt more strongly depressed. The tire. I family did not rise as early a? usual, bo I had the gloom all to myself.D d the sun shine that mon ing? It might have penetrate d those uncurtained windows, tut it did not send a beam down into those gloomy depths, whtra lay the longing for the old home, and its roses and honysuckles Did the sky glow with the upepringing morning? It might, for there w;.s not a visible cloud in all the visible sky. But there were shadows, shad ows, Bhadons everywhere. They fell on the doors, on the wall, on the stairway, in every nook and enmny; and the ghosts of treasuresd memotits setmcd to mock me, flitting about among bxnd box s and bundles, and gibbering at me with saucy tongues. I sallied out into my new kitchen unpaged, unplastered, unlatbed, unsealed. Ohl how desolate! I dropp d down on a box, covirtd my lace with my epron, end was just going to do as silly wi men are in a habit f cLiug I won't tell - hat Rap, rap, came to the door. I wiped my eyes smoothed out my apron, and opened it expecting to meet Poe's visitor a stately ghost, or raven "O il tilts, and nothing more," but there stocd a beautifnl ohilJ a boy of aome six or eight summers, radiant as a Mav morning, and in his hand a small bo-quet of spring roses. "My mother sent there to you," he said in a toft-toned voice looking up brightly into my eye". " Indeed 1" I exclaimed, as I took them "from his chubby fist, "and where does your dear mother live?'' x "Over there," was the laconic answer, as he printed with his finger to a cottage cmong the trees. "Ohl I thank you my little man. and tell y ur mitber I thank you more than I can tell for I love flowers," was my answer to him, as he turned and bounded awy I hel I the beautiful things in my hand, and look d into their eyes, and thty seem ed to find tongues to talk to me, and comfort me. Tbey told me of a kind and genial heart near by, thnt knew of a stian jL.er, and sent thiB message o love and .good cheer, to lif the veil from her eyes, and epak hope to the sinking spirit, and there came a glow from the centre, and spread out over all the earth. I looked up, and the sunlight gilded the forests, the Louse-toj s, and the browo and bare fields, TThe rooms were changed, the broktn plas 'tering and bare walls were blooming with fresh roses. I clasped them in mv hands, -and pressed them to my lips, and droi s of gratitude fell into their pure corollas, as I ;flew with them to the children crying: 'See we are not alone!" There was one heart in the neighbor hood at leas', that kne tbe feeling of a tranger one that knew there was a glutm even at sunrise in a M y morning, in a 'Strange land, in a new home, and she chad sent us flawers, the most cheerful and beautiful of all God's handiwork of the .forest or wood, and by the hand of a little child, "tvoe of the kingdom of heaven," to link the pxst with the present, and to gild with brightness the portals or tbe luture with hope and light. Heaven bless her for that thought, she had swept away in a moment the clouds of doubt and sadness. Who but a woman, gentle and loving, could have thought of tuch a delicate compl ment? In the depths of her own soul she knew my need,' and answere 1. I went back to my duty. Days follows day and night answereth to night, and no r-uch gloomy hoar has come to drape the world in mourning, rose buds are opening everywhere, and my eyes see them. That one kind act will gild all coming time, and an eternity will not, cannot destroy its ef feet. Kou antic. There Is a apeuting well Id Ualineville, Ohio, np which the gaa rushes in large volumes and with great valence. A romantic couple, a few nlghta since, invited their friends and a clergyman to the vicinity of the well, set fire to the spouting. jet of gas, and by the light of tbs pillar of roaring flames were united ia marriage. A change of fortune hurts a wise man no more thin a change of tbe moon. Bswaro of little expenses, a small leak wltl eink a great ship. - Tart words makes no frlehds; a spoonful ol honT will catch mora flies than a gallon of vinegar. Increase of Population in Ten Years. Mr. Kennedy, the Superintendent of the Census, makes the following preliminary re port of the growth of the Uoited States, bated upon the census returns of 18GO: COMPARISONS. "Thus far in our history no stato has declined in population. Vermont has remained nesrly stationary, and is saved from a positive loss of inhabitants by only one-tbird o( one per cent. New Hampshire has gained but slowly, her increment being only 8,097' or two and one-naif per cent on that of 1850-Maine has made tbe satisfactory Increase of 45,110 or 7 74 per cent. Tbe old sgrioultu- al states may be said to be filled up, so far as regards the resources adapted to a rural population in the present condition of agricultural science. The conditions of their increase undergo a change upon the general occupation and allotment t their area. Manufactures and commerce then come in to supply the means of subsistence to an excess of inhabitants beyond what the ordinary cultivation of the soil can Bust in. This point hi tbe progress of population has been reached, and perhaps paBsod, in most, If not all of the New England States. But while statistical science may demonstrate within narrow limits the number of persons who may extract a subsistence from each square mile of arable land, it cannot compute, with any reasonable appoach to certainty, the additional population resident on the same soil, whiob may obtain its living by tbe thousand branches ot artificial industry which the demands of society and civilization have created. This is forcibly illustrated by the retur a relative to the three other New England States Massachusetts, I. hods Island and Cnuectiout which contain'13,780 square miles Tbe fol lowing table shows their population in 1850 and 1860: 1850. I860. Massachusetts 994.514 1,231.066 Conn:ciicut 370 792 4C0.147 lihodelrtland 147,545 174,620 Their density (or numoer of inhabitants to the iquare mile) ii as follows: 1850 1860. M sstchusette 127.49 157.83 Conneelicut 79 33 - 98.42 Rhode Island 112 97 . 132.63 The aggregate territorial extent of Miine, New tlampshire and Vermont is 48.33G square mi'ts; the number of their inhabitants 1,269 450, or 26 26 to the mitt. The stated point of density was passed by the three states named in tbe table mora than fifty years ago, and yet they go on Increasing in popu lation with a rapidity as great as at any for mer peiiod of their history. SLAVE STATES. South Carolina has gained, during the de cade, 35 201 inhabitants ot all conoitions, equal to 5.67 per cent. Ol ibis Increase, 16,825 are whites, and the remainder free colored and slaves. . It is, perhaps, a little remarkable that the relative increase of the free colored class of this State was more considerable than that of any other, As their number, 9,914, is so small as to excite neither apprehension nor jealousy among the white race, tbe increase is probably due both to manumission and natural causes. This state baa made slower prcgross during the last term than any other in the South, having advanced only from 27 38 to 28.72 inhabitants to the square mile Tennesf.ee, It will be observed, baa made but the moderate gain of 10.68 per cent for all classes. Of this aggregate increase, the whites have gained at the rate of 9.24 per cent upon lri50, the tree colored 13.67, and slaves 15.14. Tbe next lowest in the rate of increass in the list ol Southern States is Virginia, whose gain upon ber aggregate population in 1850 was 174,657 equal 12.29 percent. The white class g lined 152.611 or 17,06 percent, tbe slaves 18 337 or 3.88 per cent, STAT'STICS or RAPID IM0BEASE. These are examples o the States where the population baa advanced with slowest pro-' gress the past ten years. Turning now to tbe S ates which have made tbe most rapid advance. we find that New York has increased from 3 097,394 to 3,880,735,exbibiting an augmentation of 783,341 inhabitants, being at tbe rate ol 25 29 per cent. The free colored population's fallen off 64 since )850,a diminution to be accounted for probably by the operation of the Fugitive Slave law, which ind'iced many colored persons to migrate further North. Tbe gain of Pennsylvania has been in round numbers 695,000. Id that State tbe free colored have increased about 3,000. Tbe greater mildneessof the climate, and a milder type of the prejudice conneo'.ed with this clasa of population, tbe result of benevolent iLfluecces and its proximity to tbe sUvehold ing States may account foi the fact that this race holds its own in PenmyWania, while an dergoing a dimination in the State next ad joining on the north. Minnesota was chiefly ussettled territory at the date ot the seventh census; ita large present populat'on as shown by the returns, is there lore, nearly elear gain. The vast regioo ot Texas ten years since waa comparatively a wilderness. It las now a population of over 600,000 and the rate o1 ita increase is given at 184 per cent. Illinois presents the most wonderful exam pie of great, continuous and healthful inoKaae In 1859, Illinois contained 157,455 inhabit anta; in 1840, 476,183; in 1850, 851,470; in 1860, 1,711,957. The gain doriug the leat decade, waa t erefore, 860.481, or 10106 per cent - So large a population more than doubling Hself in ten years, by tbe regular Bourse of settlement and natural increase ia without a parallel. Thecondition to which Illinois has -attained, under the progress af the lt tbtUy years, it a monument of the blesilngs of industry, enterprise, peaco, and free institutions. . , . The growth of Indiana in populat on, though less extraordinary than that of her neighbor State has been most satisfactory, ber gam during tbe decade having been 362,000 or more than thirty six per cent, upon her number in 1850. Michigan, Wisconsin and Iowa have par ticipsted to the lull extent in tbe surprising development of the Northwest. Tbe remark able bealthfulness of the climate ol that region seems to more than compensate for its rigors, and ths fertility of tin new soil leads men eagerly to contend with and overcome the harshness of the elements. The energies thus called into action have, in a few years, made tbe states of the states of tbe North-, west tbe granary of Europe, and that section of cur Union which, within the recollection of living men, was a vast wilderness, is now the chief source of supply in seasons of scar city for the suffering millions of another con tinent." Our Manufacturers and the War-"Individauls grow rich." It has been said, "by the acquisition of wealth pre viously existing, nations by the creation of weal'h that dl I not be ore exist." With certain limita'.ions this is undoubtedly true. For every count! y will obviously develop its resources and power in proportion at its citizens are quick to find new sources of mateital wealth, and laborious ic availing themselves of such as are old. Hence as the inventive powers and enterprising genius of any people lead them to work to better purpose, so in proportion as they possess these high qualities, ia their growth in opulence and prosperity. A passing gunce at any ot tno nourisn-ins br nebea of our national industry may not be without interest in this point of view. Take for instance the department of manufacturers. In 1850 the annual products, accoiding to the census report, was over one thousand million of dollars, (1,013,-366,465,) and to show how much the country was enriched thereby, the average rate of profit was sWted at 43.43 per cent. A glance at the figures shows that the aggregate gain to the country on the year's production must on this estimate, have amounted to 9434,300,000. Moreover it must be remembered that since the year 1840, the smaller establishments have been disregarded in the census repeals, so that it may b. safely said that five hundred milllior s of dollars were the year's increase of wealth derived by the country from this single branoh of its industrial en ter. prise. Tbe amount however has steadily ins creased since that time, for new manufao tures have been introduced, and an aug mented demand has sprung up both at home and abroad, for American goods. The last census returns are sufficiently completed to show that the total value of . . .. 1- f-.. . 1- - T O.-.l t. our manuiacmres lur me jerir ioou use swelled to the unexampled sum of 1,900 millions of dollar. If we add tbe omitted products of the small establishments, tbe total ill be over S 000 millions and the profits at the same rate as before, will amount to 868 millions. This contribu tion to the opulence of their country was tho work of about 1,1 00,000 male and 285,000 female operatives. According to these data, no less than 287 dol'ars a yt is added to 'he national wealth by every man engagtd in manufacturing, labor. duch is the money value of our industrious artisana ot tbe country, and suoh the productiveness of skilled industry, wben made available by abundant capital, home markets, labor-saving mr.obinery, and dauntless American enterp.ise Here lies iu pert, the explanation of that amaiin? reouDerativo power wuica nag msde this country the home of the exile, the envy of oppressed nations, and the icene of the greatest industrial triumphs the Anglo-Saxon race ever achieved Every man in our restless, energetic com mun'ty is a worker most are skilled workers. Hence the unparalleled increase of our national wt allb is the result of cur ever-augmented dexterity, intelligence and judgment with which our laoor is airecteu and of the unsurpassed ingenious contri vances by wh oh that labor is economised, while its productiveness is emarcu. Does any one t.ien, iu- ot i aouDt in ability of this ere at Anuria ing nan in to Dut down a rebellion which aims to muti late iL.no: to destroy the lair glorious Tree of Libertv which our fathers have nlanted. have watered with their best blood and at last consigned wan tneir ay ing bands to our care for tbe beboot ol generations vet unborn? We need only point out to such a man the fact 1,400,000 ol our million ol operatives nave oieaeu within tbe limit- of a single year, a larger ggregate of wealth, and have enrio ed the nation with a larger amount ol profits than will suffice to carry on the war fcr two yeara should the struiiijle contrary to onr hone, last so Ion . As our cause the nob est tbe holiest tor wn on men ever fought, so our superiority in namlif rs, .in resources, is such that it rests oniy wim ourselves to make the eonfl'ct both abort and dfcieive. N. Y- Times. The Mannfaoturw of Government Arms. Ths Armory in Springdald. Mass., makes 14 000 staad ot arms a month, Io a short time tbat establishment, with tbe Ave private shop in operation there, will be ablo to man. utacture 35.000 guns per month. The Arm ones at Providence, Hartford, Trenton Bridesport, Vt., II ion, and one or two other places, will each be able to furnish the Gov ernment with 200 guns per day. Io a few mombs we shall bs making first-rate arms, better than the best Europe can afford, at the rate of 600,000 per annum. It is universally conceded by those who are competent to form a correct judgment, tbat there' ia nothing oa the, other aide of the Atlantic that can compare wi'.ntthe American arm Audacity as a War Energy, In' civil war amis ity is ev ryihing. Perhaps nowhere are single battles reduced to a perfect science. tluoh of the issue depends always on the imagination and fears of either ride. - Wben the presnnce of Napoleon waa reckoned by his adversaries aa equal to a eorps of forty thousand men, it was not mere'y bis strategical combinations that they we e regarding, but the moral ef feet he produced both on the spirits of his own men and of those opposed to him. When this great leader lays down as a maxim of war that you should always, in yourpublio estimates, double your own force and halve the force of your enemy, he has in view especially the effect on the imaginations of men. It is true, in the long run, the war is a contest of science and wealth, and no weak power can, after a length of time, overcome a strong one, where both are equally in earnest. But in portions of a campaign this may not be the fact, and especially in a struggle be tween volunteer armies. Troops without lorg discipline are un. certain what can be done and what cannot; they do not know how veiy often the apparently desperate cause is won again by steady military discipline and by the organisation which holds men together when there seems no refuge but destruction; they are not experienced in the almost absolute certainity that intrenched positions, with heavy artillery, cannot be taken by assault, provided the defenders' nerves do not fail them. This has its advantages, in some res eots. No doubt a few European regulars would have ventured the assault which at New hern carried our volunteers, Hth a dash, over several lines of intrenohment. On the other h tnd, no regulars would ever have allowed tbe batteries to be carried. In this war, audacity has gained most of the victories. Nothing but this improyU dent quality forced wooden ships through the fire of stone forts and against iron-olad gunbuats at New Orleans. Audacity alone stormed the difficult heigh a of Donelson, and carries the powerful batteries of New Madrid with such little loss. Au 'acity sent Jackson down to the Valley of the Shenandoah with two separate columns on ti'her flank, which might at any time cut off his retreat. It was this same re ktess trail which drove General Stewart through our weak right wing, and exposed its condition to tbe enemy, and which prompted the rebel Tenders to lay ope at tbe Quit States, and even their line of defence in Virginia, for the sake of massing a portion of Beauregard's army and&IJ of Jacksou's on the flank of Richmond. 1- is apparent now, looking to tbe past, that audacity would have kept Patterson in close pursuit of Johnston, and have saved Bull Kin, and tbat the samequality after the action would have given Washington to the rebels. The truth is what Napoleon so well proved Uat more than half of the power ot military movements is on tbe imagina tion, ibe grent value of reinforcements in battle is more often their effect on the spirits of the combatants than the amsunt of real force they add to either side. In this vital quality ofcivii war it is nat ural tbat tbe rebels should somewhat excel us. They are undoubtdly more in earnest and tbey are now reckless. We can not attord to expose for a moment any part of our territory. We have to build up, as well as to destroy. Our leading General is of the Wellington rather than of tbe Na poleon order of mind. In personal daring our soldiers seem superior to tbe South erners. What we ant low is the daring of large and bold enterprises, which gain half their object by tbe terror tbey inspire We trust that the various national armies of Virginia will assume a vigorous effens ive. New York Times. Eebel Barbarltlea. The Memphis Bulletin reports that the flat boats on wbioh the sick and wounded of Gin. Curtis' army were brought down ths river ere. though fly it. g tbe hospital flag, fired on by men, or more properly fiends, (torn the hank Our men cried out to them to stop pointed to the yellow flag, an1 begired them for G id's sake not to fire, as ths boats w re loaded with sick snd wounded men But lbs touching appeal availed nothing volley alter volley wag poured into the de'enceles hospital without th-.'ir being able t return a shot. Slowly and afladily tbey floated down the current, unable to escape ths leaden storm unable to hide or shelter themselves, unable to increase their pace and get out of ibe range of the remorseless, merciless runhns who were murdering them in cold blood. All they oouUI do, was to lie still and take it, each one wondering whether his turn would come next, nntil the firing attracted the attention of the rear guard, when tbe pitiful cowards ceased their slaughter, sod ran away like whipped dogs. Wby won't some Englishman take this as a text, and enlighten tbe Brit ish public on the subject of. the herbalism ol the Northern troops 1 In this wioked raid many of our men were wounded one, a captain, it ia tearsd, mortally. Confederate less, nose. Brilliant engagement 1 Rebels Open G'aves What They Dixie," he Ricrm 'nd eorreapondent of ths Grensda (Memphis) Appeal, In a late latter from Richmond makes this rsmsrkabls aialemunt t Every day adds to ths amount of arms, ammunition stores captured by our forces. Tisnches ol uncommon size, and suspicious looking graves, had been opened and found to contain boxea of flbe Belgian Rifles; large quantities of fixed ammunition and atbres nave neeo uug up id m wu wiuu,r, BUu wagons bats been discovered concealed in tbs woi-ds, with clothing and eommiaaarr stores in good order. Oo Friday Col Thoa. T. Mumford. of Jaokson's Caalry, overhaul" ed a wairoa containing the drawing' of McClellan'a Eacineer Department, embraoinf plans of bis earthworks sxeouted aad protected, and an excellent map ol the country from actual survey. The value of this ac quisition is Incalculable. . Bond us More Moo!! This is the cry from every epartment of tbi aimy, and we have seen thtt this is a call that should be responded to without delay. Many are tho Union citisens of Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama, who told us that they vrou'd come out decided ly on cur side, and would gladly t ike np arms.and drive the enemy from their borders, conld thty be assured that their families and their property would be promoted from the ravages of guerilla parties. "Sond down m.n enough to oscnpy the places you take, and we will go to the front with you, and drive tbera before us," said a leading Tennesteean to us a day or two after the Murfjcesboro affair. Many will say to us, "Why urge this matter on tbe public attention; is not Ohio doing all she o in to raise the additional men?' We admit that Ohio has done nobly, snd in a pecuniary point of view is setting an example worthy of imitation by her s s-Ut States. But is she doing all she can. or raihtr is it being done in the manner best culcluated to quickly respond to the call for reinforcements? We think not; and altheugh we would not presume to mark out a plan of prooeedioga from our. Governor and his assistants, wlo are endeavoring to do all that lays in their power to promote the rapid raising and sending into the field a laige number of men, still we cannot refrain from nutting the sub- j ct before the prblic in a little different light tban it hss before appeared. Some time since the Governor authorised the raising of new regiments, and men who were appointed to act, went to work and endeavored to fill up the ranks as rapidly I as possible. In a measure, success attended their efforts, and quite a number of men were raised, sent into camp, and were only awaiting a sufficient number to be muttered into service Slowly but surely was their number increasing impeded.it ia true, by tbe harvest and the con-sqnent demand for laborers, and in a Bhort time with full ranks they would have been sent to tbe aisieta: ce ol their comrades aroflnd Richmond oi in the Western Department. Tbey did n t even wait for nrgania tion. for a', the lxat raid of Morgan in Kentucky, they went forth and showed that they were rea y to fight. These regiments are partly filled, the 52J we underst- nd cumbering 800 men, but are unable to recru't any more on ao count of the extra induci-mentr offered in he way of bounty for enli tment in the regimenta being raised u ider the new call. What shall be done with these 600 men! Uat tbor remits in camp and wartunu: these new regimenta are filled and hen take the men which they will leave? JIa it right that so many men who have evinced their love for theii country anc volunteer ed their services without the inducement of extra bounty should be kept inactive while enough men are obtained to fill' tbe rank of th- new regiments? We think not. Men are wanted and that too.immediately. These regiments are partly organised. Why not lend all our energies to filling their requirement's and then turn our attention to the forming of new regiments? We think this subject is one that ahould receive the immediate attention of hose having the management of military afftits in this State. Other States a e sending in their quota of men, let not Ohio be in the rear, cut let such an arrangement be made as will fill up these regiments and put them in the field at once. The Dostraotlon of Old Demand Notes. Few persons are aware of ths amount of old demand notes destroyed daily at the Treasury Department: Some days $2.0,000 worth are destroyed, on others $400,000, and one day last week $1,000,000 worth were burned np by order of Mr. Chase. In this Wy the old demand notes are rapidly going "out of print," while new onea will take their place. For the last few weeks tbe volume o' Government paper eurrenoy has been de creaaing, while the public seem to have got the idea that it waa bein? largelv increased. ahould the specie panio costinue, it is q'lite probable that Mr. Chase will not i-taue mwi Treasury nrteg exoepting the smaller dennm (ntions lor tie conven enoe e' ihepaym.st-r That portion ol the depreciation in G virn ment pp-r which arises from a fear of a far ther inundation of tbe same enrrenov, needless, for it is yet uncertain whether any such issue will be made, at least to any great extent. The Sooretary of the Treasury dues nt overlook ths condition of tbe money market, and he will not add to the present troubles if be can help it- What a Cow did for the War. Since the days of Guy, Earl of Warwick aod his monstrous cow, no animal of that kind baa attained si'h historio pre-emi cence aa one has r qviir.'d in Orleans, Co N. Y. The incident as told by the Albany Argus is, that when a war subscription was set on foot a farmer of moderate means contributed 950 aud a o w. Every one conceded that tbia was libeial: but It oo curred to a friend tha the cow might be turned to excellent account. L ts were to be e st lor'her, aad 105 tickets at tl eaoh were contributed e dna d fur. Tbis.nrao lieallv brought up the farmer's subscription to 9325 But the eow was destined to do I'll better. Tbe winner put her up at sue tion and 930 more were add-d to the fund making the aggregate 9225. 'But waa deemed a pity that a cow so thorough ly patriotio should be sold so cheap, an tbe rsult was that 915 were added the purchase munry, making the RSr6 g4te contribution to th 'Qnd 926" besidt-B the 960 from her original owner! g3fh Columbus dispatch to the Commer cia) ys that tbe Governor is taking etepi to secure tbe complete enrollment of the State militia. It will be rbtained thiough Auditors, under direotion of the Auditor of 8tate. It is to be completed by the 1st oi (September. Qov. Yaf-e' Last Letter.: A few days ago Gov. Yates received'a letter, Id which the writer complained that raitora in this town had cut down the American flag, and asking what ought to be done in the premisee. Tbo Governor promptly wtote to him". hoot such offenders down and I will pardon you for the detente." We give his letter below Btats ot Illinois, Exioutivi Dxy't ) SraiKor:iLD July 16, ) John W. Bolwoitb, Oskaloosa, III. Diar Sia: I i ave received yours of the 10th July, in wbioh you say that tbe pole from which floated the star and stripes on th 4 h of July was cut down by secessionists, and that a pic nio which you are to have, it ia threatened that the fl g shall be taken, and you ask me whether you would be justifiable in defending the flag with fire arms? I am astonished at this question . As if yon were to ak me whether you had a right to defend your property againit robbers or yonr life against murder -rs. You ask me what you shall do?. I reply to not raUe tbe American flig merely to provoke y mr s -cession neighboruood do not be on the ag rtss ve but when ever you rsise it on your own soil,- or on the public property of the Slate or county, or at any public celebration, from honest love to your fltg.and patriotio devotion to tbe country which it symbolises, and any traitor dares to lay his unhallowed hand upon it to tear it down, then I say shoot htm down as you would do a dog, and I will pardon you for tho offense. Richard Yates, Governor. .Ex-President Van Buren. Ex-President Van Buren, whose health bad been gradually failing for the last few months, is thus written of by a correspon dent of tbe Boston Journal, a short time pre vions to bit death. KisBiaaoox. N. Y., July 18. The public have been for a considerabl" time painfully apprised of the precarious illness of tbe venerable Martin Van Buren at his old home in this beautiful vi'l ge. He ba d been out of health and gradually decliu'og for nearly a year, but, as previously announced by tel graph, within the last few t-'aye his condition hss beo me rapidly dancerous, and the announcement of his death at any time would be received with more sorrow than surprise, ibe chief cau ot tbe Ex President's illness was the mildest form of asthma, which haa since developed itself into a dangerous catarrh i affection of the luig and throat fiom which be oaa reeeiTV litue it any re lief. Ti e affection at times is very pain ful, and causes great difficulty in brouth-iD& . ....... For nea ly a week his mind has been almost oonstan'ly wandering, although with one or two exceptions until yesterday be has been able to reoowrias and eon- verse with his physician, no partaxes or verv It tie nourishment, however s a gen eral thing is set mingly lost to all trans piring events aroun t him. it the appetite could be revived, the phytioian is of the opinian that he would continue in bis present state, and perhaps more comfortable for a considerable time, but of this there appears to be little hope, and the worst tears ot bis disease must De soon reals1 d Previous to tho wandering of his mind, and once or twice sinre when reason re turned, Mr. Van P-uren has evinced the moat lively aud i atr otie interest in the affairs of tbe country. No longer since than Tuesday, wben the day before be wrs hardly expee'.ed to turvive, he in quired of Dr. Pruyn how the jrood work ol crushing the rebellion wa going o .and w is very psrticular to learn if tbe public eonfidenoe in the President was yet firm and unshaken, as he nought it should be. He appeared much gratified wben answer' ed in the affirmative. He haa cont Dually denounced the course of Buchanan's Ad ministration from the first, but has ex pressed the utmost confidence in tbat of Mr Ltneoln. The war he thinks, is justly and as vig orously as possible carried on, the rebels brought it on themanlves, and they should be severely punished. He has all faith in tbe ultimate triumph ol our aims and eauso, hut not without great expenditure of blond and treasure, as events have thus iar demonstrated. The eightieth birthday of Mr. Van Buren occurred on tbe fourth o' Decern ber last. He survived bis wife about foity years, and has a family of three sons. England's Debt. The national debt of England was commenced two hundred year sifioe, in the reign of the second Charles. It continued to ino ease till 1814, when it reiohd k ci'iirr.um. It then emorn'ed to 865, 000.000. oi 94 325.000.000. It then dl miniahed for thirty years, standing in 1845 at 768,789 211 At tbe cl se ot the Rusaian war in 1856, it had raised again to 800,000,000, or 94,000 000,000. WIh Union Merchan'.s Exchange.al an nthuaisiitie meeting in St. Louis, unanimously adopted a s'lrring and patriotic address to the pe p1e rf Missouri. Unfaltering, unconditional fidelity to the Uni.m was the sentiment. Liberal aid to the volunteers was pledged. 8evrl thosfiJ dollars were iramediat y contributed to Ool. Clinton B. Kisk, (Secretary of the Exchange, to aid h m in e'ting bis regiment into th '"'d forthwith. iar A party of 22 guerril!a, la Todd county ere attacked through mlsake for Federals by another r-bel equ-d of 40 coming Into Kentucky. The former whipped the latter. Of both parti's set en or eight were killed and a number wounded, ii i. There ahould he no complaint at Washing ton, tbat tbs cburcbea of that city bave bean taken for hospitals.- Tbey ware never mors devoted to the services of God. A Fraotioal Man Among the Beoeshi Major McKoe, with a competent Union foroe Is on a bunt for Pf oeieionlsta io south ern Missouri, and it Is reported that he baa already nearly fllltd all tbe county jails. Wben bs catches a Barest), he sa-s; "Well how much ofs Rebel bars you been? You know more about what you have don than I do. I know some aad you know U " One old man said, as he trembled, "Major, I have not done anything " 'Stop,' said the MJor, 'yoo know you have got some powler hid,' 'Oh yes, there is iosj.' Tell It all now ' says the Major? - 'Well, I will. I have got twenty-one kegjt of powder snd one gun. I furnished Id if horses to Price, snd went d wn to Smith's Chaptl to tight the Feds, and I have fed any amount of Rebels. I won't lie any more' Tou bave got It all. I have done all I could to aid the South.' Tbe Major has aome down so hard on them that they f ar to-llo to bim. Aaotber man came In to give hlmaell op and take ths oath "Well, sir, what have you done?" "Nothing" "Well, sir, I will put him In jail lor tot doing something. ' Alter he had been in jail for two hoars h sent for the Mijor and told him where there) were eleven kegs of powder an i a Government wagon, sol owned to helping cut up a ferryboat on the Missouri river last summer. Strong Argument Versus Strong S&t tor. "Why is it my son that when you dro-J your bread and butter it is always ths butter side down?" "I don't know. It had'nt orter had It? The strongest side ought o be up, and this ia the strongest butter I ever seen." . '-Hush up. U s some oi jour auat's cLuroing." "Did ele churn it, th great htj thing?" "What, your aunt?' "Mo, this here butter. To make tit poor old woman churn it, when it is strong enough th cbUrn itaelll" "Hush Zb, I've eat a great deal worse) in the most ariaKc ratio Iiojscs." "Well, people ot rank ouht to cat it.'4 "Why people of rank?" '! Cause it's rank butter." You varmint youl what makes Joa tallt so tmar ?" "Causa the butter has token tbe ekLa off my tongUe." "Zeb, don't lie! I can't throw away to butter." "I'll tell you what I wonld do with it keep it to draw blisters. You ought to 63 the flics keel ever as soon aa they tonca it." A Bonus's Wim'j Objiotiphs to ah fii CHANoa. private of tbe 20th Masaaohu setts waa taken prisoner at Ball's Bluff laaf fall and confined at 8iulsbury North Caroltt na. Soma weeks since a friend called upon" bis wi'e with the news that ber husband would pi ibablv be exchanged lor s rebel tbera in our hands. "I won't bave him," orietl the woman in alarm; ' I love Tom and won't have him exchanged; I don't want a rebel husband' The friend corrected the poof woman's misapprehension; the absent fauM band was floally released, and she learned tbat for once, "exchange waa no robbery." ffA parson reading he funeral ef-vice at the gr ite forgot the sex of the do ceased, end asked one of the mourners, aa Emeralder: Is this a brother or sister?' 'Neither,' replied Pat, 'only a oonsin.' Wkl a recent volunteer review ia Engla-.d one oompanj appeared, compos- d cxslusiely of lawyers. They oallodj their crops, very appropriately, 'Th Devil's Own.' " 9Oo the pier at a certain fasUoaablw watering plice, a not'oe runs thni:- Found, a pin, supposed to be'ofig to lady made of old. It is said that In soma parts of Mississippi the poor rebels have to subsist On bran. Lai them be sure to get it trash, and then ever meal will be bran new The United States Treasury notes, gTeen" baeka as they are flailed, are gettag very pop otar in the South. Everywhere hey ga with " our armies. For the sake ol the green-becka the rebels might afford to wslcoms tbe "Woe bellies." The rebels hsvs always been accustomed to a hot climate . can't stand the oold-sa. pecially In ths shape of cold stool, It is S'eg8ied that ladies who know bow. to preserve ererthing except their Lempers, might save even that on the selt-celisg prin etple. "Seep tbe month of tbe vessel tightly oloaed," ia tbs recipe. '.'I never eomplsined of my Coo dittoo ttj the Persian post 8adi. -"but onoe, when my (set were bars, and I bad no money to buy shoes; but I met a man without (set, and be-earns aoatentsd with my lot." Said a little girl to ber mother one day, 'did they bavs newspapers before the wbT" 'Why. yes, my desr." wss the reply, "but why do you ask?" Because I should like to know what they had to put io them?" A traitor confined in the second story of bouse in Western Virginia, let himself down wi'O a rope nd esoapod. lie lowered binw self hy ens rope leat be should be elevated by another. There it s gfael aeatctty of Northern mad piper in ths Sooth, but tbe North hold a a good deal of 8athern pper the quality oil which has occasioned serious causes oi fro teat. : - ir n

"i 1 i aall h a . j I, i a G3f VOL. Till. MOUNT VERNON, OHIO THURSDAY, AUGUST 7 1862. NO 40 , $ Mil .Waio OK mi K.i n MT. VERNON REPUBLICAN THURSDAY July 31 MARKING HIE HQUBS THAT SHINES. BT AIRS. FRANCES D. QAQK, The next morning, after taking pof.eaion of "our own hired house," in Carbondale I arose rather dispirited, half inclined to the b'ues, and did uot see any way in particular to rub off the dolorous color. Everything was at sizes and sevens boxes an bureaus, and barrels and bedsteads stood in ghastly md gaunt array, while eaes, cupboards, eh.j.rs andjtarpets made confusion more confounded. Eveiything was wanted and nothing to be found, and y t . verything was exactly in the way. The rooms of the hjuse were in the best possible condition to set one's nerves into a tremor, and the elbows began to ingle with excitement, as the ey e took in the view of soiled paint, greased floors, stained glass, and window made without point, broken and bedaubed, and plaster that nothing but paper would render decent. 'The sight was anything but refreshing; although at another time, I might bave smiled at the dogs and horses on the wall, "(not made by Rosa Booheur,) that looked complsc ntly down upon me in ail the glory of red keel and charcoal. I was a stranger in a rtrange land. I doubt if Joseph, when his brethren sold Yim inlo Egyp', felt more strongly depressed. The tire. I family did not rise as early a? usual, bo I had the gloom all to myself.D d the sun shine that mon ing? It might have penetrate d those uncurtained windows, tut it did not send a beam down into those gloomy depths, whtra lay the longing for the old home, and its roses and honysuckles Did the sky glow with the upepringing morning? It might, for there w;.s not a visible cloud in all the visible sky. But there were shadows, shad ows, Bhadons everywhere. They fell on the doors, on the wall, on the stairway, in every nook and enmny; and the ghosts of treasuresd memotits setmcd to mock me, flitting about among bxnd box s and bundles, and gibbering at me with saucy tongues. I sallied out into my new kitchen unpaged, unplastered, unlatbed, unsealed. Ohl how desolate! I dropp d down on a box, covirtd my lace with my epron, end was just going to do as silly wi men are in a habit f cLiug I won't tell - hat Rap, rap, came to the door. I wiped my eyes smoothed out my apron, and opened it expecting to meet Poe's visitor a stately ghost, or raven "O il tilts, and nothing more," but there stocd a beautifnl ohilJ a boy of aome six or eight summers, radiant as a Mav morning, and in his hand a small bo-quet of spring roses. "My mother sent there to you," he said in a toft-toned voice looking up brightly into my eye". " Indeed 1" I exclaimed, as I took them "from his chubby fist, "and where does your dear mother live?'' x "Over there," was the laconic answer, as he printed with his finger to a cottage cmong the trees. "Ohl I thank you my little man. and tell y ur mitber I thank you more than I can tell for I love flowers," was my answer to him, as he turned and bounded awy I hel I the beautiful things in my hand, and look d into their eyes, and thty seem ed to find tongues to talk to me, and comfort me. Tbey told me of a kind and genial heart near by, thnt knew of a stian jL.er, and sent thiB message o love and .good cheer, to lif the veil from her eyes, and epak hope to the sinking spirit, and there came a glow from the centre, and spread out over all the earth. I looked up, and the sunlight gilded the forests, the Louse-toj s, and the browo and bare fields, TThe rooms were changed, the broktn plas 'tering and bare walls were blooming with fresh roses. I clasped them in mv hands, -and pressed them to my lips, and droi s of gratitude fell into their pure corollas, as I ;flew with them to the children crying: 'See we are not alone!" There was one heart in the neighbor hood at leas', that kne tbe feeling of a tranger one that knew there was a glutm even at sunrise in a M y morning, in a 'Strange land, in a new home, and she chad sent us flawers, the most cheerful and beautiful of all God's handiwork of the .forest or wood, and by the hand of a little child, "tvoe of the kingdom of heaven," to link the pxst with the present, and to gild with brightness the portals or tbe luture with hope and light. Heaven bless her for that thought, she had swept away in a moment the clouds of doubt and sadness. Who but a woman, gentle and loving, could have thought of tuch a delicate compl ment? In the depths of her own soul she knew my need,' and answere 1. I went back to my duty. Days follows day and night answereth to night, and no r-uch gloomy hoar has come to drape the world in mourning, rose buds are opening everywhere, and my eyes see them. That one kind act will gild all coming time, and an eternity will not, cannot destroy its ef feet. Kou antic. There Is a apeuting well Id Ualineville, Ohio, np which the gaa rushes in large volumes and with great valence. A romantic couple, a few nlghta since, invited their friends and a clergyman to the vicinity of the well, set fire to the spouting. jet of gas, and by the light of tbs pillar of roaring flames were united ia marriage. A change of fortune hurts a wise man no more thin a change of tbe moon. Bswaro of little expenses, a small leak wltl eink a great ship. - Tart words makes no frlehds; a spoonful ol honT will catch mora flies than a gallon of vinegar. Increase of Population in Ten Years. Mr. Kennedy, the Superintendent of the Census, makes the following preliminary re port of the growth of the Uoited States, bated upon the census returns of 18GO: COMPARISONS. "Thus far in our history no stato has declined in population. Vermont has remained nesrly stationary, and is saved from a positive loss of inhabitants by only one-tbird o( one per cent. New Hampshire has gained but slowly, her increment being only 8,097' or two and one-naif per cent on that of 1850-Maine has made tbe satisfactory Increase of 45,110 or 7 74 per cent. Tbe old sgrioultu- al states may be said to be filled up, so far as regards the resources adapted to a rural population in the present condition of agricultural science. The conditions of their increase undergo a change upon the general occupation and allotment t their area. Manufactures and commerce then come in to supply the means of subsistence to an excess of inhabitants beyond what the ordinary cultivation of the soil can Bust in. This point hi tbe progress of population has been reached, and perhaps paBsod, in most, If not all of the New England States. But while statistical science may demonstrate within narrow limits the number of persons who may extract a subsistence from each square mile of arable land, it cannot compute, with any reasonable appoach to certainty, the additional population resident on the same soil, whiob may obtain its living by tbe thousand branches ot artificial industry which the demands of society and civilization have created. This is forcibly illustrated by the retur a relative to the three other New England States Massachusetts, I. hods Island and Cnuectiout which contain'13,780 square miles Tbe fol lowing table shows their population in 1850 and 1860: 1850. I860. Massachusetts 994.514 1,231.066 Conn:ciicut 370 792 4C0.147 lihodelrtland 147,545 174,620 Their density (or numoer of inhabitants to the iquare mile) ii as follows: 1850 1860. M sstchusette 127.49 157.83 Conneelicut 79 33 - 98.42 Rhode Island 112 97 . 132.63 The aggregate territorial extent of Miine, New tlampshire and Vermont is 48.33G square mi'ts; the number of their inhabitants 1,269 450, or 26 26 to the mitt. The stated point of density was passed by the three states named in tbe table mora than fifty years ago, and yet they go on Increasing in popu lation with a rapidity as great as at any for mer peiiod of their history. SLAVE STATES. South Carolina has gained, during the de cade, 35 201 inhabitants ot all conoitions, equal to 5.67 per cent. Ol ibis Increase, 16,825 are whites, and the remainder free colored and slaves. . It is, perhaps, a little remarkable that the relative increase of the free colored class of this State was more considerable than that of any other, As their number, 9,914, is so small as to excite neither apprehension nor jealousy among the white race, tbe increase is probably due both to manumission and natural causes. This state baa made slower prcgross during the last term than any other in the South, having advanced only from 27 38 to 28.72 inhabitants to the square mile Tennesf.ee, It will be observed, baa made but the moderate gain of 10.68 per cent for all classes. Of this aggregate increase, the whites have gained at the rate of 9.24 per cent upon lri50, the tree colored 13.67, and slaves 15.14. Tbe next lowest in the rate of increass in the list ol Southern States is Virginia, whose gain upon ber aggregate population in 1850 was 174,657 equal 12.29 percent. The white class g lined 152.611 or 17,06 percent, tbe slaves 18 337 or 3.88 per cent, STAT'STICS or RAPID IM0BEASE. These are examples o the States where the population baa advanced with slowest pro-' gress the past ten years. Turning now to tbe S ates which have made tbe most rapid advance. we find that New York has increased from 3 097,394 to 3,880,735,exbibiting an augmentation of 783,341 inhabitants, being at tbe rate ol 25 29 per cent. The free colored population's fallen off 64 since )850,a diminution to be accounted for probably by the operation of the Fugitive Slave law, which ind'iced many colored persons to migrate further North. Tbe gain of Pennsylvania has been in round numbers 695,000. Id that State tbe free colored have increased about 3,000. Tbe greater mildneessof the climate, and a milder type of the prejudice conneo'.ed with this clasa of population, tbe result of benevolent iLfluecces and its proximity to tbe sUvehold ing States may account foi the fact that this race holds its own in PenmyWania, while an dergoing a dimination in the State next ad joining on the north. Minnesota was chiefly ussettled territory at the date ot the seventh census; ita large present populat'on as shown by the returns, is there lore, nearly elear gain. The vast regioo ot Texas ten years since waa comparatively a wilderness. It las now a population of over 600,000 and the rate o1 ita increase is given at 184 per cent. Illinois presents the most wonderful exam pie of great, continuous and healthful inoKaae In 1859, Illinois contained 157,455 inhabit anta; in 1840, 476,183; in 1850, 851,470; in 1860, 1,711,957. The gain doriug the leat decade, waa t erefore, 860.481, or 10106 per cent - So large a population more than doubling Hself in ten years, by tbe regular Bourse of settlement and natural increase ia without a parallel. Thecondition to which Illinois has -attained, under the progress af the lt tbtUy years, it a monument of the blesilngs of industry, enterprise, peaco, and free institutions. . , . The growth of Indiana in populat on, though less extraordinary than that of her neighbor State has been most satisfactory, ber gam during tbe decade having been 362,000 or more than thirty six per cent, upon her number in 1850. Michigan, Wisconsin and Iowa have par ticipsted to the lull extent in tbe surprising development of the Northwest. Tbe remark able bealthfulness of the climate ol that region seems to more than compensate for its rigors, and ths fertility of tin new soil leads men eagerly to contend with and overcome the harshness of the elements. The energies thus called into action have, in a few years, made tbe states of the states of tbe North-, west tbe granary of Europe, and that section of cur Union which, within the recollection of living men, was a vast wilderness, is now the chief source of supply in seasons of scar city for the suffering millions of another con tinent." Our Manufacturers and the War-"Individauls grow rich." It has been said, "by the acquisition of wealth pre viously existing, nations by the creation of weal'h that dl I not be ore exist." With certain limita'.ions this is undoubtedly true. For every count! y will obviously develop its resources and power in proportion at its citizens are quick to find new sources of mateital wealth, and laborious ic availing themselves of such as are old. Hence as the inventive powers and enterprising genius of any people lead them to work to better purpose, so in proportion as they possess these high qualities, ia their growth in opulence and prosperity. A passing gunce at any ot tno nourisn-ins br nebea of our national industry may not be without interest in this point of view. Take for instance the department of manufacturers. In 1850 the annual products, accoiding to the census report, was over one thousand million of dollars, (1,013,-366,465,) and to show how much the country was enriched thereby, the average rate of profit was sWted at 43.43 per cent. A glance at the figures shows that the aggregate gain to the country on the year's production must on this estimate, have amounted to 9434,300,000. Moreover it must be remembered that since the year 1840, the smaller establishments have been disregarded in the census repeals, so that it may b. safely said that five hundred milllior s of dollars were the year's increase of wealth derived by the country from this single branoh of its industrial en ter. prise. Tbe amount however has steadily ins creased since that time, for new manufao tures have been introduced, and an aug mented demand has sprung up both at home and abroad, for American goods. The last census returns are sufficiently completed to show that the total value of . . .. 1- f-.. . 1- - T O.-.l t. our manuiacmres lur me jerir ioou use swelled to the unexampled sum of 1,900 millions of dollar. If we add tbe omitted products of the small establishments, tbe total ill be over S 000 millions and the profits at the same rate as before, will amount to 868 millions. This contribu tion to the opulence of their country was tho work of about 1,1 00,000 male and 285,000 female operatives. According to these data, no less than 287 dol'ars a yt is added to 'he national wealth by every man engagtd in manufacturing, labor. duch is the money value of our industrious artisana ot tbe country, and suoh the productiveness of skilled industry, wben made available by abundant capital, home markets, labor-saving mr.obinery, and dauntless American enterp.ise Here lies iu pert, the explanation of that amaiin? reouDerativo power wuica nag msde this country the home of the exile, the envy of oppressed nations, and the icene of the greatest industrial triumphs the Anglo-Saxon race ever achieved Every man in our restless, energetic com mun'ty is a worker most are skilled workers. Hence the unparalleled increase of our national wt allb is the result of cur ever-augmented dexterity, intelligence and judgment with which our laoor is airecteu and of the unsurpassed ingenious contri vances by wh oh that labor is economised, while its productiveness is emarcu. Does any one t.ien, iu- ot i aouDt in ability of this ere at Anuria ing nan in to Dut down a rebellion which aims to muti late iL.no: to destroy the lair glorious Tree of Libertv which our fathers have nlanted. have watered with their best blood and at last consigned wan tneir ay ing bands to our care for tbe beboot ol generations vet unborn? We need only point out to such a man the fact 1,400,000 ol our million ol operatives nave oieaeu within tbe limit- of a single year, a larger ggregate of wealth, and have enrio ed the nation with a larger amount ol profits than will suffice to carry on the war fcr two yeara should the struiiijle contrary to onr hone, last so Ion . As our cause the nob est tbe holiest tor wn on men ever fought, so our superiority in namlif rs, .in resources, is such that it rests oniy wim ourselves to make the eonfl'ct both abort and dfcieive. N. Y- Times. The Mannfaoturw of Government Arms. Ths Armory in Springdald. Mass., makes 14 000 staad ot arms a month, Io a short time tbat establishment, with tbe Ave private shop in operation there, will be ablo to man. utacture 35.000 guns per month. The Arm ones at Providence, Hartford, Trenton Bridesport, Vt., II ion, and one or two other places, will each be able to furnish the Gov ernment with 200 guns per day. Io a few mombs we shall bs making first-rate arms, better than the best Europe can afford, at the rate of 600,000 per annum. It is universally conceded by those who are competent to form a correct judgment, tbat there' ia nothing oa the, other aide of the Atlantic that can compare wi'.ntthe American arm Audacity as a War Energy, In' civil war amis ity is ev ryihing. Perhaps nowhere are single battles reduced to a perfect science. tluoh of the issue depends always on the imagination and fears of either ride. - Wben the presnnce of Napoleon waa reckoned by his adversaries aa equal to a eorps of forty thousand men, it was not mere'y bis strategical combinations that they we e regarding, but the moral ef feet he produced both on the spirits of his own men and of those opposed to him. When this great leader lays down as a maxim of war that you should always, in yourpublio estimates, double your own force and halve the force of your enemy, he has in view especially the effect on the imaginations of men. It is true, in the long run, the war is a contest of science and wealth, and no weak power can, after a length of time, overcome a strong one, where both are equally in earnest. But in portions of a campaign this may not be the fact, and especially in a struggle be tween volunteer armies. Troops without lorg discipline are un. certain what can be done and what cannot; they do not know how veiy often the apparently desperate cause is won again by steady military discipline and by the organisation which holds men together when there seems no refuge but destruction; they are not experienced in the almost absolute certainity that intrenched positions, with heavy artillery, cannot be taken by assault, provided the defenders' nerves do not fail them. This has its advantages, in some res eots. No doubt a few European regulars would have ventured the assault which at New hern carried our volunteers, Hth a dash, over several lines of intrenohment. On the other h tnd, no regulars would ever have allowed tbe batteries to be carried. In this war, audacity has gained most of the victories. Nothing but this improyU dent quality forced wooden ships through the fire of stone forts and against iron-olad gunbuats at New Orleans. Audacity alone stormed the difficult heigh a of Donelson, and carries the powerful batteries of New Madrid with such little loss. Au 'acity sent Jackson down to the Valley of the Shenandoah with two separate columns on ti'her flank, which might at any time cut off his retreat. It was this same re ktess trail which drove General Stewart through our weak right wing, and exposed its condition to tbe enemy, and which prompted the rebel Tenders to lay ope at tbe Quit States, and even their line of defence in Virginia, for the sake of massing a portion of Beauregard's army and&IJ of Jacksou's on the flank of Richmond. 1- is apparent now, looking to tbe past, that audacity would have kept Patterson in close pursuit of Johnston, and have saved Bull Kin, and tbat the samequality after the action would have given Washington to the rebels. The truth is what Napoleon so well proved Uat more than half of the power ot military movements is on tbe imagina tion, ibe grent value of reinforcements in battle is more often their effect on the spirits of the combatants than the amsunt of real force they add to either side. In this vital quality ofcivii war it is nat ural tbat tbe rebels should somewhat excel us. They are undoubtdly more in earnest and tbey are now reckless. We can not attord to expose for a moment any part of our territory. We have to build up, as well as to destroy. Our leading General is of the Wellington rather than of tbe Na poleon order of mind. In personal daring our soldiers seem superior to tbe South erners. What we ant low is the daring of large and bold enterprises, which gain half their object by tbe terror tbey inspire We trust that the various national armies of Virginia will assume a vigorous effens ive. New York Times. Eebel Barbarltlea. The Memphis Bulletin reports that the flat boats on wbioh the sick and wounded of Gin. Curtis' army were brought down ths river ere. though fly it. g tbe hospital flag, fired on by men, or more properly fiends, (torn the hank Our men cried out to them to stop pointed to the yellow flag, an1 begired them for G id's sake not to fire, as ths boats w re loaded with sick snd wounded men But lbs touching appeal availed nothing volley alter volley wag poured into the de'enceles hospital without th-.'ir being able t return a shot. Slowly and afladily tbey floated down the current, unable to escape ths leaden storm unable to hide or shelter themselves, unable to increase their pace and get out of ibe range of the remorseless, merciless runhns who were murdering them in cold blood. All they oouUI do, was to lie still and take it, each one wondering whether his turn would come next, nntil the firing attracted the attention of the rear guard, when tbe pitiful cowards ceased their slaughter, sod ran away like whipped dogs. Wby won't some Englishman take this as a text, and enlighten tbe Brit ish public on the subject of. the herbalism ol the Northern troops 1 In this wioked raid many of our men were wounded one, a captain, it ia tearsd, mortally. Confederate less, nose. Brilliant engagement 1 Rebels Open G'aves What They Dixie," he Ricrm 'nd eorreapondent of ths Grensda (Memphis) Appeal, In a late latter from Richmond makes this rsmsrkabls aialemunt t Every day adds to ths amount of arms, ammunition stores captured by our forces. Tisnches ol uncommon size, and suspicious looking graves, had been opened and found to contain boxea of flbe Belgian Rifles; large quantities of fixed ammunition and atbres nave neeo uug up id m wu wiuu,r, BUu wagons bats been discovered concealed in tbs woi-ds, with clothing and eommiaaarr stores in good order. Oo Friday Col Thoa. T. Mumford. of Jaokson's Caalry, overhaul" ed a wairoa containing the drawing' of McClellan'a Eacineer Department, embraoinf plans of bis earthworks sxeouted aad protected, and an excellent map ol the country from actual survey. The value of this ac quisition is Incalculable. . Bond us More Moo!! This is the cry from every epartment of tbi aimy, and we have seen thtt this is a call that should be responded to without delay. Many are tho Union citisens of Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama, who told us that they vrou'd come out decided ly on cur side, and would gladly t ike np arms.and drive the enemy from their borders, conld thty be assured that their families and their property would be promoted from the ravages of guerilla parties. "Sond down m.n enough to oscnpy the places you take, and we will go to the front with you, and drive tbera before us," said a leading Tennesteean to us a day or two after the Murfjcesboro affair. Many will say to us, "Why urge this matter on tbe public attention; is not Ohio doing all she o in to raise the additional men?' We admit that Ohio has done nobly, snd in a pecuniary point of view is setting an example worthy of imitation by her s s-Ut States. But is she doing all she can. or raihtr is it being done in the manner best culcluated to quickly respond to the call for reinforcements? We think not; and altheugh we would not presume to mark out a plan of prooeedioga from our. Governor and his assistants, wlo are endeavoring to do all that lays in their power to promote the rapid raising and sending into the field a laige number of men, still we cannot refrain from nutting the sub- j ct before the prblic in a little different light tban it hss before appeared. Some time since the Governor authorised the raising of new regiments, and men who were appointed to act, went to work and endeavored to fill up the ranks as rapidly I as possible. In a measure, success attended their efforts, and quite a number of men were raised, sent into camp, and were only awaiting a sufficient number to be muttered into service Slowly but surely was their number increasing impeded.it ia true, by tbe harvest and the con-sqnent demand for laborers, and in a Bhort time with full ranks they would have been sent to tbe aisieta: ce ol their comrades aroflnd Richmond oi in the Western Department. Tbey did n t even wait for nrgania tion. for a', the lxat raid of Morgan in Kentucky, they went forth and showed that they were rea y to fight. These regiments are partly filled, the 52J we underst- nd cumbering 800 men, but are unable to recru't any more on ao count of the extra induci-mentr offered in he way of bounty for enli tment in the regimenta being raised u ider the new call. What shall be done with these 600 men! Uat tbor remits in camp and wartunu: these new regimenta are filled and hen take the men which they will leave? JIa it right that so many men who have evinced their love for theii country anc volunteer ed their services without the inducement of extra bounty should be kept inactive while enough men are obtained to fill' tbe rank of th- new regiments? We think not. Men are wanted and that too.immediately. These regiments are partly organised. Why not lend all our energies to filling their requirement's and then turn our attention to the forming of new regiments? We think this subject is one that ahould receive the immediate attention of hose having the management of military afftits in this State. Other States a e sending in their quota of men, let not Ohio be in the rear, cut let such an arrangement be made as will fill up these regiments and put them in the field at once. The Dostraotlon of Old Demand Notes. Few persons are aware of ths amount of old demand notes destroyed daily at the Treasury Department: Some days $2.0,000 worth are destroyed, on others $400,000, and one day last week $1,000,000 worth were burned np by order of Mr. Chase. In this Wy the old demand notes are rapidly going "out of print," while new onea will take their place. For the last few weeks tbe volume o' Government paper eurrenoy has been de creaaing, while the public seem to have got the idea that it waa bein? largelv increased. ahould the specie panio costinue, it is q'lite probable that Mr. Chase will not i-taue mwi Treasury nrteg exoepting the smaller dennm (ntions lor tie conven enoe e' ihepaym.st-r That portion ol the depreciation in G virn ment pp-r which arises from a fear of a far ther inundation of tbe same enrrenov, needless, for it is yet uncertain whether any such issue will be made, at least to any great extent. The Sooretary of the Treasury dues nt overlook ths condition of tbe money market, and he will not add to the present troubles if be can help it- What a Cow did for the War. Since the days of Guy, Earl of Warwick aod his monstrous cow, no animal of that kind baa attained si'h historio pre-emi cence aa one has r qviir.'d in Orleans, Co N. Y. The incident as told by the Albany Argus is, that when a war subscription was set on foot a farmer of moderate means contributed 950 aud a o w. Every one conceded that tbia was libeial: but It oo curred to a friend tha the cow might be turned to excellent account. L ts were to be e st lor'her, aad 105 tickets at tl eaoh were contributed e dna d fur. Tbis.nrao lieallv brought up the farmer's subscription to 9325 But the eow was destined to do I'll better. Tbe winner put her up at sue tion and 930 more were add-d to the fund making the aggregate 9225. 'But waa deemed a pity that a cow so thorough ly patriotio should be sold so cheap, an tbe rsult was that 915 were added the purchase munry, making the RSr6 g4te contribution to th 'Qnd 926" besidt-B the 960 from her original owner! g3fh Columbus dispatch to the Commer cia) ys that tbe Governor is taking etepi to secure tbe complete enrollment of the State militia. It will be rbtained thiough Auditors, under direotion of the Auditor of 8tate. It is to be completed by the 1st oi (September. Qov. Yaf-e' Last Letter.: A few days ago Gov. Yates received'a letter, Id which the writer complained that raitora in this town had cut down the American flag, and asking what ought to be done in the premisee. Tbo Governor promptly wtote to him". hoot such offenders down and I will pardon you for the detente." We give his letter below Btats ot Illinois, Exioutivi Dxy't ) SraiKor:iLD July 16, ) John W. Bolwoitb, Oskaloosa, III. Diar Sia: I i ave received yours of the 10th July, in wbioh you say that tbe pole from which floated the star and stripes on th 4 h of July was cut down by secessionists, and that a pic nio which you are to have, it ia threatened that the fl g shall be taken, and you ask me whether you would be justifiable in defending the flag with fire arms? I am astonished at this question . As if yon were to ak me whether you had a right to defend your property againit robbers or yonr life against murder -rs. You ask me what you shall do?. I reply to not raUe tbe American flig merely to provoke y mr s -cession neighboruood do not be on the ag rtss ve but when ever you rsise it on your own soil,- or on the public property of the Slate or county, or at any public celebration, from honest love to your fltg.and patriotio devotion to tbe country which it symbolises, and any traitor dares to lay his unhallowed hand upon it to tear it down, then I say shoot htm down as you would do a dog, and I will pardon you for tho offense. Richard Yates, Governor. .Ex-President Van Buren. Ex-President Van Buren, whose health bad been gradually failing for the last few months, is thus written of by a correspon dent of tbe Boston Journal, a short time pre vions to bit death. KisBiaaoox. N. Y., July 18. The public have been for a considerabl" time painfully apprised of the precarious illness of tbe venerable Martin Van Buren at his old home in this beautiful vi'l ge. He ba d been out of health and gradually decliu'og for nearly a year, but, as previously announced by tel graph, within the last few t-'aye his condition hss beo me rapidly dancerous, and the announcement of his death at any time would be received with more sorrow than surprise, ibe chief cau ot tbe Ex President's illness was the mildest form of asthma, which haa since developed itself into a dangerous catarrh i affection of the luig and throat fiom which be oaa reeeiTV litue it any re lief. Ti e affection at times is very pain ful, and causes great difficulty in brouth-iD& . ....... For nea ly a week his mind has been almost oonstan'ly wandering, although with one or two exceptions until yesterday be has been able to reoowrias and eon- verse with his physician, no partaxes or verv It tie nourishment, however s a gen eral thing is set mingly lost to all trans piring events aroun t him. it the appetite could be revived, the phytioian is of the opinian that he would continue in bis present state, and perhaps more comfortable for a considerable time, but of this there appears to be little hope, and the worst tears ot bis disease must De soon reals1 d Previous to tho wandering of his mind, and once or twice sinre when reason re turned, Mr. Van P-uren has evinced the moat lively aud i atr otie interest in the affairs of tbe country. No longer since than Tuesday, wben the day before be wrs hardly expee'.ed to turvive, he in quired of Dr. Pruyn how the jrood work ol crushing the rebellion wa going o .and w is very psrticular to learn if tbe public eonfidenoe in the President was yet firm and unshaken, as he nought it should be. He appeared much gratified wben answer' ed in the affirmative. He haa cont Dually denounced the course of Buchanan's Ad ministration from the first, but has ex pressed the utmost confidence in tbat of Mr Ltneoln. The war he thinks, is justly and as vig orously as possible carried on, the rebels brought it on themanlves, and they should be severely punished. He has all faith in tbe ultimate triumph ol our aims and eauso, hut not without great expenditure of blond and treasure, as events have thus iar demonstrated. The eightieth birthday of Mr. Van Buren occurred on tbe fourth o' Decern ber last. He survived bis wife about foity years, and has a family of three sons. England's Debt. The national debt of England was commenced two hundred year sifioe, in the reign of the second Charles. It continued to ino ease till 1814, when it reiohd k ci'iirr.um. It then emorn'ed to 865, 000.000. oi 94 325.000.000. It then dl miniahed for thirty years, standing in 1845 at 768,789 211 At tbe cl se ot the Rusaian war in 1856, it had raised again to 800,000,000, or 94,000 000,000. WIh Union Merchan'.s Exchange.al an nthuaisiitie meeting in St. Louis, unanimously adopted a s'lrring and patriotic address to the pe p1e rf Missouri. Unfaltering, unconditional fidelity to the Uni.m was the sentiment. Liberal aid to the volunteers was pledged. 8evrl thosfiJ dollars were iramediat y contributed to Ool. Clinton B. Kisk, (Secretary of the Exchange, to aid h m in e'ting bis regiment into th '"'d forthwith. iar A party of 22 guerril!a, la Todd county ere attacked through mlsake for Federals by another r-bel equ-d of 40 coming Into Kentucky. The former whipped the latter. Of both parti's set en or eight were killed and a number wounded, ii i. There ahould he no complaint at Washing ton, tbat tbs cburcbea of that city bave bean taken for hospitals.- Tbey ware never mors devoted to the services of God. A Fraotioal Man Among the Beoeshi Major McKoe, with a competent Union foroe Is on a bunt for Pf oeieionlsta io south ern Missouri, and it Is reported that he baa already nearly fllltd all tbe county jails. Wben bs catches a Barest), he sa-s; "Well how much ofs Rebel bars you been? You know more about what you have don than I do. I know some aad you know U " One old man said, as he trembled, "Major, I have not done anything " 'Stop,' said the MJor, 'yoo know you have got some powler hid,' 'Oh yes, there is iosj.' Tell It all now ' says the Major? - 'Well, I will. I have got twenty-one kegjt of powder snd one gun. I furnished Id if horses to Price, snd went d wn to Smith's Chaptl to tight the Feds, and I have fed any amount of Rebels. I won't lie any more' Tou bave got It all. I have done all I could to aid the South.' Tbe Major has aome down so hard on them that they f ar to-llo to bim. Aaotber man came In to give hlmaell op and take ths oath "Well, sir, what have you done?" "Nothing" "Well, sir, I will put him In jail lor tot doing something. ' Alter he had been in jail for two hoars h sent for the Mijor and told him where there) were eleven kegs of powder an i a Government wagon, sol owned to helping cut up a ferryboat on the Missouri river last summer. Strong Argument Versus Strong S&t tor. "Why is it my son that when you dro-J your bread and butter it is always ths butter side down?" "I don't know. It had'nt orter had It? The strongest side ought o be up, and this ia the strongest butter I ever seen." . '-Hush up. U s some oi jour auat's cLuroing." "Did ele churn it, th great htj thing?" "What, your aunt?' "Mo, this here butter. To make tit poor old woman churn it, when it is strong enough th cbUrn itaelll" "Hush Zb, I've eat a great deal worse) in the most ariaKc ratio Iiojscs." "Well, people ot rank ouht to cat it.'4 "Why people of rank?" '! Cause it's rank butter." You varmint youl what makes Joa tallt so tmar ?" "Causa the butter has token tbe ekLa off my tongUe." "Zeb, don't lie! I can't throw away to butter." "I'll tell you what I wonld do with it keep it to draw blisters. You ought to 63 the flics keel ever as soon aa they tonca it." A Bonus's Wim'j Objiotiphs to ah fii CHANoa. private of tbe 20th Masaaohu setts waa taken prisoner at Ball's Bluff laaf fall and confined at 8iulsbury North Caroltt na. Soma weeks since a friend called upon" bis wi'e with the news that ber husband would pi ibablv be exchanged lor s rebel tbera in our hands. "I won't bave him," orietl the woman in alarm; ' I love Tom and won't have him exchanged; I don't want a rebel husband' The friend corrected the poof woman's misapprehension; the absent fauM band was floally released, and she learned tbat for once, "exchange waa no robbery." ffA parson reading he funeral ef-vice at the gr ite forgot the sex of the do ceased, end asked one of the mourners, aa Emeralder: Is this a brother or sister?' 'Neither,' replied Pat, 'only a oonsin.' Wkl a recent volunteer review ia Engla-.d one oompanj appeared, compos- d cxslusiely of lawyers. They oallodj their crops, very appropriately, 'Th Devil's Own.' " 9Oo the pier at a certain fasUoaablw watering plice, a not'oe runs thni:- Found, a pin, supposed to be'ofig to lady made of old. It is said that In soma parts of Mississippi the poor rebels have to subsist On bran. Lai them be sure to get it trash, and then ever meal will be bran new The United States Treasury notes, gTeen" baeka as they are flailed, are gettag very pop otar in the South. Everywhere hey ga with " our armies. For the sake ol the green-becka the rebels might afford to wslcoms tbe "Woe bellies." The rebels hsvs always been accustomed to a hot climate . can't stand the oold-sa. pecially In ths shape of cold stool, It is S'eg8ied that ladies who know bow. to preserve ererthing except their Lempers, might save even that on the selt-celisg prin etple. "Seep tbe month of tbe vessel tightly oloaed," ia tbs recipe. '.'I never eomplsined of my Coo dittoo ttj the Persian post 8adi. -"but onoe, when my (set were bars, and I bad no money to buy shoes; but I met a man without (set, and be-earns aoatentsd with my lot." Said a little girl to ber mother one day, 'did they bavs newspapers before the wbT" 'Why. yes, my desr." wss the reply, "but why do you ask?" Because I should like to know what they had to put io them?" A traitor confined in the second story of bouse in Western Virginia, let himself down wi'O a rope nd esoapod. lie lowered binw self hy ens rope leat be should be elevated by another. There it s gfael aeatctty of Northern mad piper in ths Sooth, but tbe North hold a a good deal of 8athern pper the quality oil which has occasioned serious causes oi fro teat. : - ir n