平成17年度 船舶バラスト水等処理技術実用化のための調査研究 報告書

4.1 This section details general technical requirements which a BWMS should meet in order to obtain Type Approval.

Ballast Water Management Systems

4.2 The BWMS should not contain or use any substance of a dangerous nature, unless adequate arrangements for storage, application, mitigation, and safe handling, acceptable to the Administration, are provided to mitigate any hazards introduced thereby.

4.3 In case of any failure compromising the proper operation of the BWMS, audible and visual alarm signals should be given in all stations from which ballast water operations are controlled.

4.4 All working parts of the BWMS that are liable to wear or to be damaged should be easily accessible for maintenance. The routine maintenance of the BWMS and troubleshooting procedures should be clearly defined by the manufacturer in the Operating and Maintenance Manual. All maintenance and repairs should be recorded.

4.5 To avoid interference with the BWMS, the following items should be included:

.1 every access of the BWMS beyond the essential requirements of paragraph 4.4, should require the breaking of a seal;

.2 if applicable, the BWMS should be so constructed that a visual alarm is always activated whenever the BWMS is in operation for purposes of cleaning, calibration, or repair, and these events should be recorded by the Control Equipment;

.3 in the event of an emergency, suitable by-passes or overrides to protect the safety of the ship and personnel should be installed; and

.4 any bypass of the BWMS should activate an alarm, and the bypass event should be recorded by the Control Equipment.

4.6 Facilities should be provided for checking, at the renewal surveys and according to the manufacturer's instructions, the performance of the BWMS components that take measurements. A calibration certificate certifying the date of the last calibration check, should be retained on board for inspection purposes. Only the manufacturer or persons authorized by the manufacturer should perform the accuracy checks.

Ballast Water Treatment Equipment

4.7 The Ballast Water Treatment Equipment should be robust and suitable for working in the shipboard environment, should be of a design and construction adequate for the service for which it is intended and should be so installed and protected as to reduce to a minimum any danger to persons on board, due regard being paid to hot surfaces and other hazards. The design should have regard to materials used in construction, the purpose for which the equipment is intended, the working conditions to which it will be subjected and the environmental conditions on board.

4.8 The Ballast Water Treatment Equipment should be provided with simple and effective means for its operation and control. It should be provided with a control system that should be such that the services needed for the proper operation of the Ballast Water Treatment Equipment are ensured through the necessary automatic arrangements.

4.9 The Ballast Water Treatment Equipment should, if intended to be fitted in locations where flammable atmospheres may be present, comply with the relevant safety regulations for such spaces. Any electrical equipment that is part of the BWMS should be based in a non-hazardous area, or should be certified by the Administration as safe for use in a hazardous area. Any moving pails, which are fitted in hazardous areas, should be arranged so as to avoid the formation of static electricity.

Control and Monitoring Equipment

4.10 The BWMS should incorporate Control Equipment that automatically monitors and adjusts necessary treatment dosages or intensities or other aspects of the BWMS of the vessel, which while not directly effecting treatment are nonetheless required for proper administration of the necessary treatment.

4.11 The Control Equipment should incorporate a continuous self-monitoring function during the period in which the BWMS is in operation.

4.12 The Monitoring Equipment should record the proper functioning or failure of the BWMS.

4.13 To facilitate compliance with Regulation B-2, the Control Equipment should also be able to store data for at least 24 months, and should be able to display or print a record for official inspections as required. In the event the Control Equipment is replaced, means should be provided to ensure the data recorded prior to replacement remains available on board for 24 months.

4.14 It is recommended that simple means be provided aboard ship to check on drift by measuring devices that are part of the Control Equipment, repeatability of the Control Equipment devices, and the ability to re-zero the Control Equipment meters.

5 TYPICAL DOCUMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PLAN APPROVAL PROCESS

5.1 The documentation submitted for approval should include at least the following:

.1 a description of the BWMS. The description should include a diagrammatic drawing of the typical or required pumping and piping arrangements, and sampling facilities, identifying the operational outlets for treated ballast water and any waste streams as appropriate and necessary. Special considerations may have to be given to installations intended for ships that have unusual pumping and piping arrangements;

.2 equipment manuals, supplied by manufacturers, containing details of the major components of the BWMS and their operation and maintenance;

.3 a generic operations and technical manual for the complete BWMS. This manual should cover the arrangements, the operation and maintenance of the BWMS as a whole and should specifically describe parts of the BWMS which are not covered by the manufacturer' s equipment manuals;

.4 the operations section of the manual including normal operational procedures and procedures for the discharge of untreated water in the event of malfunction of the Ballast Water Treatment Equipment. maintenance procedures, and emergency action necessary for securing the ship;

.5 methods for the conditioning of treated water prior to discharge should be provided, and assessment of discharged water should include a description of the effect of treatment on the ship's ballast water, in particular the nature of any treatment residuals and by-products and the water's suitability for discharge into coastal waters. A description should also be provided of any actions necessary to monitor, and if necessary "condition", treated water prior to discharge in order that it meets applicable water quality regulations;

.6 a description of BWMS side streams (e.g., filtered material, centrifugal concentrate, waste or residual chemicals) including a description of the actions planned to properly manage and dispose of such wastes;

.7 a technical section of the manual including adequate information (description and diagrammatic drawings of the monitoring system and electrical/electronic wiring diagrams) to enable faultfinding. This section should include instructions for keeping a maintenance record;

.8 a technical installation specification defining, inter alia, requirements for the location and mounting of components, arrangements for maintaining the integrity of the boundary between safe and hazardous spaces and the arrangement of the sample piping; and

.9 a recommended test and checkout procedure specific to the BWMS. This procedure should specify all the checks to be carried out in a functional test by the installation contractor and should provide guidance for the surveyor when carrying out the on-board survey of the BWMS and confirming the installation reflects the manufacturer's specific installation criteria.

6 APPROVAL AND CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES

6.1 A BWMS which in every respect fulfils the requirements of these Guidelines may be approved by the Administration for fitting on board ships. The approval should take the form of a Type Approval Certificate of BWMS, specifying the main particulars of the apparatus and any limiting conditions on its usage necessary to ensure its proper performance. Such certificate should be issued in the format shown in Appendix 1. A copy of the Type Approval Certificate of BWMS should be carried on board ships fitted with such equipment at all times.

6.2 A Type Approval Certificate of BWMS should be issued for the specific application for which the BWMS is approved, e.g., for specific ballast water capacities, flow rates. salinity or temperature regimes, or other limiting conditions or circumstances as appropriate.

6.3 A Type Approval Certificate of BWMS should be issued by the Administration based on satisfactory compliance with all the test requirements described in Parts 2, 3 and 4 of the Annex.

6.4 An Administration may issue a Type Approval Certificate of BWMS based on separate testing or on testing already carried out under supervision by another Administration.

6.5 The Type Approval Certificate of BWMS should:

.1 identify the type and model of the BWMS to which it applies and identify equipment assembly drawings, duly dated;

.3 include a reference to the full performance test protocol on which it is based, and be accompanied by a copy of the original test results;

.4 identify if it was issued by an Administration based on a Type Approval Certificate previously issued by another Administration. Such a certificate should identify the Administration that conducted the tests on the BWMS and a copy of the original test results should be attached to the Type Approval Certificate of BWMS.

6.6 An approved BWMS may be Type Approved by other Administrations for use on their vessels. Should equipment approved by one country fail Type Approval in another country, then the two countries concerned should consult one another with a view to reaching a mutually acceptable agreement.

7 INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS

Sampling facilities

7.1 The BWMS should be provided with sampling facilities so arranged in order to collect representative samples of the ship's ballast water.

7.2 Sampling facilities should in any case be located on the BWMS intake, before the discharging points, and any other points necessary for sampling to ascertain the proper functioning of the equipment as may be determined by the Administration.

8 INSTALLATION SURVEY AND COMMISSIONING PROCEDURES

8.1 Verify that the following documentation is on board in a suitable format:

.1 a copy of the Type Approval Certificate of BWMS;

.2 a statement from the Administration, or from a laboratory authorized by the Administration, to confirm that the electrical and electronic components of the BWMS have been type-tested in accordance with the specifications for environmental testing contained in Part 3 of the Annex;

.3 equipment manuals for major components of the BWMS;

.4 an operations and technical manual for the BWMS specific to the ship and approved by the Administration, containing a technical description of the BWMS, operational and maintenance procedures, and backup procedures in case of equipment malfunction;

.5 installation specifications;

.6 installation commissioning procedures; and

.7 initial calibration procedures.

8.2 Verify that:

.1 the BWMS installation has been carried out in accordance with the technical installation specification referred to in paragraph 8.1.5;

.2 the BWMS is in conformity with the Type Approval Certificate of BWMS issued by the Administration or its representative;

.3 the installation of the complete BWMS has been carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's equipment specification;

.4 any operational inlets and outlets are located in the positions indicated on the drawing of the pumping and piping arrangements;

.5 the workmanship of the installation is satisfactory and, in particular, that any bulkhead penetrations or penetrations of the ballast system piping are to the relevant approved standards; and