Permitting and Licensing Software

Can the product being proposed be deployed in a decentralized or centralized manner?

Yes, each department can have its own permits, license, case/file types, activity and inspection types, users, rights, reports, etc. All these things can also be inherited from a higher level department. So there can be decentralization and centralization at the same time. A general case type can be setup at the jurisdiction or city level and then inherited by the departments below and the departments can also have their own file types that are not shared with other departments but can be setup to be read-only or editable by other department staff based on the role configuration.
From a technology standpoint, there is only a cloud-based software service that is accessible from any contemporary device and browser. In the event the question was related to technology deployment rather than the organizational deployment.