Advancement And

Optimization Of Jet Engines Title : Name Of Student : Ashraf Shakeel Maniyar Dept : TE-C-19 College Name : Jspm Ntc Name Of Guide : M.C.Patil• Why Jet Engines :• Tranportation plays a huge role in development of country , among the 4 means of transportation air is the fastest and reliable ,and the future is air Transportation ,beside Transportation it has many military advantages such as Tactical ,Stealth,etcABSTRACT :• With the increasing demands placed on modern jet engine performance and reliability, there comes the necessity for efficient optimization tools that engineers can readily utilize on their desks. We discuss various types of jet engines such as Turbo jet,Scram jet,Ramjet and The ability of this structure to maintain tightly controlled blade to casing tip clearances plays a significant role in maintaining the fuel efficiency of the engine.• How Does A jet Engine work ?

• All jet engines, which are also called gas turbines, work on the same principle. The engine sucks air in at the front with a fan. A compressor raises the pressure of the air. The compressor is made with many blades attached to a shaft. The blades spin at high speed and compress or squeeze the air. The compressed air is then sprayed with fuel and an electric spark lights the mixture. The burning gases expand and blast out through the nozzle, at the back of the engine. As the jets of gas shoot backward, the engine and the aircraft are thrust forwardVarious advancements in jet engines

• Turbojets• Turbofans• Ramjets• Scramjets Turbojets

• The basic idea of the turbojet engine is simple. Air taken in from an opening in the front of the engine is compressed to 3 to 12 times its original pressure in compressor. Fuel is added to the air and burned in a combustion chamber to raise the temperature of the fluid mixture to about 1,100°F to 1,300° F. The resulting hot air is passed through a turbine, which drives the compressor. If the turbine and compressor are efficient, the pressure at the turbine discharge will be nearly twice the atmospheric pressure, and this excess pressure is sent to the nozzle to produce a high-velocity stream of gas which produces a thrust. Substantial increases in thrust can be obtained by employing anafterburner. Turbofans

• A turbo fan engine has a large fan at the front, which sucks in air. Most of the air flows around the outside of the engine, making it quieter and giving more thrust at low speeds. Most of today's airliners are powered by turbofans. In a turbojet all the air entering the intake passes through the gas generator, which is composed of the compressor, combustion chamber, and turbine. In a turbofan engine only a portion of the incoming air goes into the combustion chamber. The remainder passes through a fan, or low-pressure compressor, and is ejected directly as a "cold" jet or mixed with the gas-generator exhaust to produce a "hot" jet. Ram Jets

• The ramjet is the most simple jet engine and has no moving parts. The speed of the jet "rams" or forces air into the engine. It is essentially a turbojet in which rotating machinery has been omitted. Its application is restricted by the fact that its compression ratio depends wholly on forward speed Scramjets

• A scramjet (supersonic combustion ramjet) is a variant of a ramjet airbreathing jet

engine in which combustion takes place in supersonic sirflow. As in ramjets, a scramjet relies on high vehicle speed to compress the incoming air forcefully before combustion (hence ramjet), but whereas a ramjet decelerates the air to subsonic velocities before combustion, the airflow in a scramjet is supersonic throughout the entire engine. That allows the scramjet to operate efficiently at extremely high speeds.Optimizations 1 Chevron

• As we studied in studied in jet engines that

most of the air is bypassed the main engine creating maximum thrust the problem occurs when this two packets of air meet a noise is generated to reduce this noise a saw like structure(Chevron) is used this structure makes a irregular mixture of cold and hot air hence reducing the noise Summary• Jet engines are the future we need to develop them so that human race can advance in future• By reducing the moving parts in jet engine a large amount of friction high speeds such as march 5-10• Various techniques such as chevrons can be used to reduce noise hence reducing the energy wastageReferences