The Roundtable on Obesity Solutions held a workshop in Washington, DC, titled “The Challenge of Treating Obesity and Overweight: A Workshop.” The workshop featured invited presentations and discussions that explored what is known about current obesity treatment approaches and the challenges involved in implementing them, including their effectiveness (and how “success” is defined); payment for services; training of the workforce that provides the services; and health equity issues involved in treatment. The discussions covered treatments for obesity, overweight, and severe obesity in adults and children; emerging treatment opportunities; the development of a workforce for obesity treatments; payment and policy considerations; and promising paths to move forward. This Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes information presented and discussed at the workshop and reflects the knowledge and opinions of individual workshop participants.