Since
independence,
the government
of Tanzania
has conducted
three official
censuses,
in 1967,
1978, and
1988. The
21 years
between
the first
and most
recent censuses
showed a
dramatic
increase
in population
from 2,313,469,
to 17,512,610,
then to
23,174,336
over the
two decades.

In
1992 the
United Nations
Fund for
Population
Activities
(UNFPA)
launched
a four-year
US$21 million
program
to help
slow Tanzania's
3% average
annual population
growth rate,
which was
then among
the highest
in the world.
Population
densities
on the mainland
average
26 people
per square
kilometer;
in Zanzibar
densities
are typically
about 260
people per
square kilometer.
Actual population
distributions
are uneven,
varying
from one
person per
square kilometer
in semi-arid
locations
on the mainland
to more
than 70
people per
square kilometer
in the wetter
and more
fertile
rural areas
[1] . The
population
is currently
estimated
at 30,608,769
(July 1998).

Population
growth rate
Birth per
1,00041.31
Death per
1,00019.47
Sex Ratio
(Males/Females):
At birth1.03
Under 15.99
15-64 .95
over 65.85
Infant Mortality
Rate per
1,000: 96.94
Total Fertility
Rate:5.49
children
born per
woman