10 U.S. Code § 1203 - Regulars and members on active duty for more than 30 days: separation

(a) Separation.— Upon a determination by the Secretary concerned that a member described in section
1201(c) of this title is unfit to perform the duties of the member’s office, grade, rank, or rating because of physical disability incurred while entitled to basic pay or while absent as described in section
1201(c)(3) of this title, the member may be separated from the member’s armed force, with severance pay computed under section
1212 of this title, if the Secretary also makes the determinations with respect to the member and that disability specified in subsection (b).

(b) Required Determinations of Disability.— Determinations referred to in subsection (a) are determinations by the Secretary that—

(1)the member has less than 20 years of service computed under section
1208 of this title;

(2)the disability is not the result of the member’s intentional misconduct or willful neglect, and was not incurred during a period of unauthorized absence;

(3)based upon accepted medical principles, the disability is or may be of a permanent nature; and

(4)either—

(A)the disability is less than 30 percent under the standard schedule of rating disabilities in use by the Department of Veterans Affairs at the time of the determination, and the disability was

(i) the proximate result of performing active duty,

(ii) incurred in line of duty in time of war or national emergency, or

(iii) incurred in line of duty after September 14, 1978;

(B)the disability is less than 30 percent under the standard schedule of rating disabilities in use by the Department of Veterans Affairs at the time of the determination, the disability was not noted at the time of the member’s entrance on active duty (unless clear and unmistakable evidence demonstrates that the disability existed before the member’s entrance on active duty and was not aggravated by active military service), or

(C)the disability is at least 30 percent under the standard schedule of rating disabilities in use by the Department of Veterans Affairs at the time of the determination, the disability was neither

(i) the proximate result of performing active duty,

(ii) incurred in line of duty in time of war or national emergency, nor

(iii) incurred in line of duty after September 14, 1978, and the member has less than eight years of service computed under section
1208 of this title on the date when he would otherwise be retired under section
1201 of this title or placed on the temporary disability retired list under section
1202 of this title.

However, if the member is eligible for transfer to the inactive status list under section
1209 of this title, and so elects, he shall be transferred to that list instead of being separated.

To state fully in the revised section the rule contained in 37:272(a) (2d proviso) and 272(b) (2d and last provisos), the provisions of 37:272(a) (less clause (5), and less 1st proviso), 272(b) (less clause (5), and less 1st proviso) and 272(f) (less applicability to 37:272(c) and (e)), also contained in section
1201 of this title, are repeated. The words “the member may be separated” are substituted for the words “the member concerned shall not be eligible for any disability retirement provided in this section, but may be separated for physical disability,” in 37:272(a) (2d proviso) and 37:272(b) (2d proviso).

Clause (1) is inserted for clarity, since a member who had over 20 years of service would qualify under section
1201 or
1202 of this title.

2008—Subsec. (b)(4)(B). Pub. L. 110–417, § 727(b)(2), as amended by Pub. L. 111–383, § 1075(e)(12), substituted “(unless clear and unmistakable evidence demonstrates that the disability existed before the member’s entrance on active duty and was not aggravated by active military service)” for “(unless evidence or medical judgment is such to warrant a finding that the disability existed before the member’s entrance on active duty)”.

Pub. L. 110–417, § 727(b)(1), struck out “the member has six months or more of active military service, and” before “the disability was not noted”.

Pub. L. 110–181substituted “, the member has six months or more of active military service, and the disability was not noted at the time of the member’s entrance on active duty (unless evidence or medical judgment is such to warrant a finding that the disability existed before the member’s entrance on active duty)” for “and the member has at least eight years of service computed under section
1208 of this title”.

1996—Pub. L. 104–201added subsec. (a), designated existing provisions as subsec. (b), and substituted introductory provisions of subsec. (b) for “Upon a determination by the Secretary concerned that a member of a regular component of the armed forces entitled to basic pay, or any other member of the armed forces entitled to basic pay who has been called or ordered to active duty (other than for training under section
10148(a) of this title) for a period of more than 30 days, is unfit to perform the duties of his office, grade, rank, or rating because of physical disability incurred while entitled to basic pay, the member may be separated from his armed force, with severance pay computed under section
1212 of this title, if the Secretary also determines that—”.

1980—Par. (4)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 96–513substituted “after September 14, 1978” for “during the period beginning on September 15, 1978, and ending on September 30, 1982, except that the condition provided for in this item shall not be effective during such period unless the President determines that such condition should be effective during such period and issues an Executive order to that effect”.

Par. (4)(C). Pub. L. 96–513substituted “after September 14, 1978” for “during the period beginning on September 15, 1978, and ending on September 30, 1982, except that the condition provided for in this item shall not be effective during such period unless the President determines that such condition should be effective during such period and issues an Executive order to that effect” in cl. (iii).

Pub. L. 96–343, § 10(c)(3), substituted “(i) the proximate result of performing active duty, (ii) incurred in line of duty in time of war or national emergency, nor (iii) incurred in line of duty during the period beginning on September 15, 1978, and ending on September 30, 1982, except that the condition provided for in this item shall not be effective during such period unless the President determines that such condition should be effective during such period and issues an Executive order to that effect” for “the proximate result of performing active duty nor incurred in line of duty in time of war or national emergency”.

1978—Par. (4)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 95–377, § 3(2), added cl. (iii) which provided additional conditions, effective on Presidential determination, that the disability was incurred in the line of duty during Sept. 15, 1978, through Sept. 30, 1979, and which terminated on Sept. 30, 1979. See Effective and Termination Dates of 1978 Amendment note set out under this section.

Par. (4)(C). Pub. L. 95–377, § 3(3), designated existing conditions of performing active duty and incurred in line of duty in time of war or national emergency as cls. (i) and (ii) and added cl. (iii) providing additional condition, effective on Presidential determination, that the disability was incurred in line of duty during Sept. 15, 1978, through Sept. 30, 1979, and terminated on Sept. 30, 1979. See Effective and Termination Dates of 1978 Amendment note set out under this section.

1962—Pub. L. 87–651substituted “training under section
270(b) of this title)” for “training) under section
270(b) of this title.”

1958—Pub. L. 85–861inserted “under section
270(b) of this title” after “(other than for training)”.

Amendment by Pub. L. 104–201effective Sept. 23, 1996, and applicable with respect to physical disabilities incurred on or after such date, see section 572(d) ofPub. L. 104–201, set out as a note under section
1201 of this title.

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–337effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 ofPub. L. 103–337, set out as an Effective Date note under section
10001 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–513effective Sept. 15, 1981, but the authority to prescribe regulations under the amendment by Pub. L. 96–513effective on Dec. 12, 1980, see section 701 ofPub. L. 96–513, set out as a note under section
101 of this title.

Effective and Termination Dates of 1978 Amendment

Pub. L. 95–377, § 3,Sept. 19, 1978, 92 Stat. 719, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective only for the period beginning Sept. 15, 1978, and ending Sept. 30, 1979.

Suspension of Certain Promotion and Disability Separation Limitations

For provisions relating to the suspension of certain promotion and disability separation limitations, see Ex. Ord. No. 12239, Sept. 21, 1980, 45 F.R. 62967, set out as a note under section
1201 of this title.