Break down material ingested by phagocytic cells. Release enzymes to the outside of the cell to destroy surrounding material. Digest worn out organelles so chemicals can be reused. Break down dead cells.

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Ribosomes

80s found in eukaryotic (bigger). 70s found in prokaryotic (smaller). Important for protein syntheisis.

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Microvilli

Increase the surface area to increase absorption efficiency.

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Hydrophilic

Water loving.

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Hydrophobic

Water hating.

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Extrinsic Proteins

Occuer on the surface of the bilayer of are only partly embedded (never extend across the full width). They act as mechanical support or in conjunction with glycolipids as cell receptors for molecules such as hormones.

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Intrinsic Proteins

Completely span the phospholipid bilayer. Some act as carriers to transport water-soluble material across the membrane while others are enzymes. They also allow active transport across the membrane.

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Fluid Mosaic

The induviual phospholipid molecules can move relative to one another making it flexible. The potiens vary in shape and size and form mosaic like patterns.

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Glycoprotein

Branching carbohydrate portion of a protein which acts as a reogn8ition site for chemicals like hormones.

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Glycolipid

Acts as a recognition site eg. cholera toxins.

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Osmosis

The net movement of water from a region of high water potential to an area of low water potential through a partially permeable membrane.

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Active Transport

The movment of molecules or ions in and out of a cell from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using energy and carrier proteins.