A System that translates information from outside the nervous system into neural activity, which provides the brain with information about the environment.

Sensations

Messages from the senses that provide a link between the self and the world outside the brain.

Accessory Structures

Modify sensory stimuli prior to transduction.

Transduction

The process whereby receptors translate stimulus energy into neural energy that the brain can interpret

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Sensory Receptors

Specialized cells that detect certain types of energy (such as light or sound) and convert it into neural energ through transduction

Adaptation

When constant stimulus is applied to the body. Initially, the receptors in the skin fire rapidly but their activitly decreases over time.

Coding

the conversion of an item's physical features into a specific pattern of neural activity, which represents those features in the brain.

Doctrine of specific nerve energies

States that each sensory nerve has a specific sensation associated with it and that these specific sensations will occur no matter how the nerve is stimulated

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Temporal codes

Codes based on the timing of neural activity. The speed with which neurons fire becomes a code.

Spatial codes

Based on the location of the neural activity. Two messages that are sent in neurons that are next to each other thll the brain that both stimuli occurred very close to each other

Sound

repetative change in the pressure of a medium such as air. (represented in waveform)

Amplitude

Difference in air pressure between the top of the wave and the baseline of the wave. Loudness is determined by the ______ of the sound wave.

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Wavelength

The distance from one peak to the next in the wave. Related to frequency; the longer the wavelength, the lower the frequency or pitch of the sound
Remember: Long wavelength and Low pitch (both start with L)

Frequency

The number of complete waves that pass a given point in space in one second. As frequency increases, so does the pitch.
Hertz (Hz)

Loudness

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Sense

A System that translates information from outside the nervous system into neural activity, which provides the brain with information about the environment.

Sensations

Messages from the senses that provide a link between the self and the world outside the brain.

Accessory Structures

Modify sensory stimuli prior to transduction.

Transduction

The process whereby receptors translate stimulus energy into neural energy that the brain can interpret

Sensory Receptors

Specialized cells that detect certain types of energy (such as light or sound) and convert it into neural energ through transduction

Adaptation

When constant stimulus is applied to the body. Initially, the receptors in the skin fire rapidly but their activitly decreases over time.

Coding

the conversion of an item's physical features into a specific pattern of neural activity, which represents those features in the brain.

Doctrine of specific nerve energies

States that each sensory nerve has a specific sensation associated with it and that these specific sensations will occur no matter how the nerve is stimulated

Temporal codes

Codes based on the timing of neural activity. The speed with which neurons fire becomes a code.

Spatial codes

Based on the location of the neural activity. Two messages that are sent in neurons that are next to each other thll the brain that both stimuli occurred very close to each other

Sound

repetative change in the pressure of a medium such as air. (represented in waveform)

Amplitude

Difference in air pressure between the top of the wave and the baseline of the wave. Loudness is determined by the ______ of the sound wave.

Wavelength

The distance from one peak to the next in the wave. Related to frequency; the longer the wavelength, the lower the frequency or pitch of the sound

Remember: Long wavelength and Low pitch (both start with L)

Frequency

The number of complete waves that pass a given point in space in one second. As frequency increases, so does the pitch.
Hertz (Hz)

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