Onyx:

Onyx is a banded variety of the oxide mineral chalcedony. The colors of its bands range from white to almost every color (with the exception of some shades, such as purple or blue). Commonly, specimens of onyx contain bands of black and/or white.

Ruby / Corundum:

Ruby / Corundum is a crystalline form of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) typically containing traces of iron, titanium, vanadium and chromium. It is one of the naturally transparent materials, but can have different colors when impurities are present. Transparent specimens are used as gems, ruby if red and padparadscha if pink-orange. All other colors are called sapphire, e.g., "green sapphire" for a green specimen. Because of corundum's hardness (pure corundum is defined to have 9.0 Mohs), it can scratch almost every other mineral.