A Blog About Regenerative Agriculture

joel salatin

We got our first pigs on the 9th of June last year and it has taken us 14 months to iron out all our major problems. (The nature of farming is such that you will never be rid of all your problems). Hence the timing of these 4 videos. (If you are not interested in how and why we farm with pigs as we do, but rather want to know how we produce our pork in our on farm butchery then click here, alternatively if you want to know where to enjoy our produce then click here.)

First, some background. Since I started farming in December of 2008 my clients have been encouraging me to produce edible pork. They struggle with caged pork which is 99.9% of the market. Outdoor pig farming is an engineering challenge more than anything else. A pig is the most destructive of the domesticated animals and so their feeders, shade and drinkers need to be very strong but in our case need to be very light too. Light because the cornerstone of our fertility creation project is that we move all our animals constantly. It was only on the 27th of April 2016 that I experienced a model of outdoor pigs that I knew would work for us. Mzothule, more about him later, and I were privileged enough to spend the day with Hendrik O’Neil on his farm near Bela-Bela in Limpopo province. The fertility improvement on his farm from using only pigs is staggering. An old Allan Savory practitioner, he honed his skills of high density grazing/fertility creation with cattle but his new farm is too small for cattle and so by default he has ended up with pigs which are doing a magnificent job building resilience.

Second, I needed a champion to take on the pig project. Fortunately Mzothule Ndokweni wanted to farm with pigs. I knew him through the BioDynamic Association Internship programme. He became available at the time I heard about Hendrik.

Third a note on the videos. I filmed these on an afternoon just before rainstorm (we have only had 1/3 of our normal rain this year and it is our third year of poor rain) and so it is windy. Apologies for the sound quality. I also get excited and sometimes you can’t hear what I am saying. I have made some notes above each video of the salient points of the video. However to truly understand what we do then please come out from behind your computer screen and come into the light on our pastures to see for yourself.

Finally we move our pigs approximately every 3 days as that is when they have churned up the whole area. We move our cattle 4x per day and our chickens every day. We wait a minimum of 6 weeks before we graze the pastures again.

Video 1

This is about our growing-them-out-for-slaughter part.

The key achievement of the pigs has been that the area where they have only grazed, below the road, has 24% higher soil Carbon. Prior to the pigs both sides of the road had had exactly the same grazing by cattle over the years. Same soils. Same pastures planted. There are some photos at the bottom of the blog elaborating on this.

Waste is a human construct. Nature does not waste. Fortunately pigs consume “waste” that is normally thrown away or buried. Our pigs enjoy the non meat waste from the Spier Wine Farm restaurants as well as waste from a local supermarket and vegetable wholesaler for breakfast, eggs (broken ones from a big egg farm that used to be buried) for lunch, Bertie Coetzee’s organic maize soaked in whey for dinner whilst grazing and rooting in the pastures throughout the day. Bertie’s maize also powers our laying hen and broiler chicken operation. Click here to read about Bertie’s amazing work.

Video 2

Filmed a few minutes after the first one. Also about our growing-them-out-for-slaughter part.

The whey drinker is our third one. They smashed the first two and the bite nipples got blocked. It appears that this Class 12 200mm PVC pipe can handle Mr and Ms pig. There is also a ball valve where we have enlarged the opening.

With reference to the electric fencing you can run all of this off solar. It is key to have the two lines on the horizontal plane as well as the three on the vertical plane. You don’t need to pay the school fees that we have. We also made and galvanised the posts for the electric fence as those from the manufacturers are not pig proof. Also very important to use the 12.5mm Turbo Tape from Gallagher. In fact use only their equipment. Best to email Christo from Gallagher.

One thing I failed to mention, which was pointed out to me by one my mentors, Dick Isted, is that is is very important to keep spreading seed in the paddock where the pigs are so that they trample it into the ground, fertilise it and therefore ensure great regrowth of your pastures. The only free energy we have is from the sun and so by ensuring that your pastures are continually green you are maximising this energy. We buy the sweepings from our local seed company, Agricol, for this critical job.

Another key part of our farming is free choice mineral licks for all our livestock. Click here for the detailed story on this biological solution to many of your farming problems. Zinc is a must for outdoor pigs. In our three compartments are Khoisan salt/legume seeds, Zinc Sulfate with Khoisan salt and then the Pat Coleby mix which you can get in the detailed story referred to above.

The two pigs are in a creep feeder. This enables the smaller pigs to get to food that the big ones cannot get to and so we have better growth and happier pigs. Another great idea from our pig mentor, Hendrik O’Neil.

Our hospital patients are in the other creep feeder.

Zincalume is the material that we have covered their Shademobiles with. It remains cool to the touch even when it gets over 40 Celsius here in summer.

The speed with which they acclimatise is amazing. No sunburn and hairy within weeks of coming out of the cages. We are currently buying caged weaner until Bodman’s babies are born and weaned.

You will notice that we don’t have any boars in this group. This is because we don’t want the boar taint in our meat. Uncastrated male pigs develop a terrible taint in their meat after 154 days of age. As our outdoor pigs grow slower than the caged pigs we kill many days after 154.

The last words in this video are “A pig is a beautiful thing, it is a tractor that you can eat when it is finished working.”

Video 3

This is about our breeding operation.

Bodman, our Duroc stud boar, turns 1 on the 26th of August. We are crossing our Large White/Landrace gilts with him to have darker offspring as this makes them suffer less in the sun.

Video 4

Following on from above, relating to the breeding operation. A few minutes later.

These are non meat kitchen scraps from our home. Our earthworms are a little bleak as they used to feast on this but we now give them cow manure which they are very happy with.

The photo above illustrates the increased Carbon point I was making above. The pigs have never grazed above the road which is demarcated by the poles running across the photo.

The snout of a pig is one of the greatest farm implements. No diesel to run this tractor. No drunk tractor driver. No compaction of your soils. It fertilises as it goes.

A close up of the whey drinker in the video above.

One of our sons with the first batch in the first week after their arrival.

BioDynamic consultant Vincent Masson with Mzukisi and the pigs. In the background you can see the water drinker which is also a provider of shade. It is designed to be turned on it’s side and rolled to the next camp. Everything in this type of farming must be movable.

I explained earlier about the green growing grasses. The photo above is understood as follows. In the foreground is where the breeding operation has been. They have moved to the left. In time they will return from the left and graze the area in the background. The sweepings have helped the regrowth.

As we have done with Carbon credits, (sold R204,994 worth of them last week. More on this story below.), outdoor broilers, on farm grass fed beef butchery and outdoor laying hens, we continue to try to emulate the regenerative farming pioneers in other countries.

In that spirit, we have now launched the only no added nitrate or nitrite processed meat products in the country. Frankfurters, Linzer, Bacon, Eisbein, Gammon and brined/smoked pork bones. There are another 8 products in the pipeline dependant on obtaining the right packaging equipment.

Nitrates and nitrites in processed meat are a big problem. A big 6 letter problem. Cancer. You can read about it wherever you choose. I tasted my first non nitrate processed meats, bacon and salami in this case, in the US in June of 2013. When we opened our butchery in December 2013, one of our goals was to make non nitrate processed meats. We have been making non nitrate fresh meats since the start with our pork banger being the only one in the country that is free of nitrates, gluten and water. All our fresh beef products, produced under the auspices of 72 year old Spencer Nicholls, are free of gluten, MSG, irradiated spices, water, lamb, pork and nitrates.

There are so many people who have enabled this for us. My father, who gave me the money to buy the equipment to make the goods. Mark Muncer who pushed me into butchery, the team from Zeerens who built our smoker/cooker and the guys from ALMI whose spices and techniques create these non nitrate products.

Spencer and I were fortunate enough to attend a non nitrate workshop hosted by ALMI in Joburg in September. Spencer, on the left, is next to Carl who is the global product developer for ALMI. Matthias, 3rd from right, came down to us last week to help with the first products.

The ALMI man in the Cape is Jerry the Giant. He and Spencer are discussing the various items we made. You can email Jerry here. The man who runs ALMI South Africa is Hubert Trondlin and you can email him here.

For Spencer’s 72nd birthday, on the 28th of November, the smoker/cooker, named The Spencer arrived. Processed meats need this machine to be made in.

The team from Zeerens, Dante and Andre, with Spencer and our first trial of Frankfurters. The machine is made in Joburg. Support local!!!

A close up of our first batch of smoked and cooked frankfurters. They are best eaten out of the cooker whilst they are still hot.

En route the chiller prior to packing.

For now the frankfurters will be packed like this. Vacuum packed and a shelf life of 4 weeks in the fridge (there is something wrong with you if you keep them in the fridge for that long)

The machine above is called a vacuum filler and we started using it in late January. This packs the sausages to the exact size required.

Bring water to the boil. Remove the heat and then drop these sausages in for 5 minutes.

We also make cheese frankfurters. They are the paler ones above. We use the organic Gouda from Foxenburg. We are still playing with the exact % cheese as everyone who has tasted so far has a different opinion.

The Linzer is a smoked and cooked salami made from pork and beef. Whilst we wait for our pigs to grow big enough we are using free range pork and our beef. We sell it whole (480 grams) or sliced (160 grams).

Bacon in the smoker, prior to being smoked, after being in the brine.

After being double smoked.

Talent and Mzukisi looking chuffed with their handiwork emerging from The Spencer. Then the bacon gets chilled and then sliced and then packaged in either 250 grams or 500 grams.

Along with the gammons, bacon and Eisbein we smoked the brined heads and other bones. These are also available to you.

A close up of the bones.

To enjoy any of the products above or anything else from the farm please go to BUY MEAT at the top of the page or click here.

Angus

12 December 2016.

Updated 5 February 2017.

P.S. As promised above more on the Carbon credits. To understand the story you will need to read this blog posting. Half of the money came to me (I bought more cattle with it) and half to my staff. No vegetarian or vegan farm can sequester Carbon whereas properly managed livestock can.

Our staff celebrating last week. Getting a bonus for doing what they do every day.

It has been a year since our colleague Rico left to start his own outdoor egg operation at Boschendal which is doing really well. It is also a year since we open sourced all our information. Click here for that. The one thing I forgot to add was that it is critical to galvanise the Eggmobiles. I am paying the price now for trusting in anti rust paint.

Before we get to the video a reminder that these eggs are free of Glyphosate. This is the active ingredient in the herbicide roundup and the photo above is worth studying. The increase in disease concomitant with the widespread use of Roundup Ready crops. There is an excellent video here by the retired geneticist Thierry Vrain on the subject of this poison that all South Africans ingest daily. It is now in vaccines and breastmilk.

Thanks to our mentor, Ray Davis, we keep lots of performance records. Below is our latest batch coming into production. This is a thing of beauty. Especially since these are not caged hens but outdoor birds exposed to the elements. Their sister’s performance is in column D and our in column C. They come to us from the cages at 19 weeks of age. We use only Amberlink hens.

Finally I have updated our client list so you can see where to enjoy our eggs, either at a restaurant or at home. Click here.

I grew up on a cattle ranch in Kwa-Zulu Natal. Studied Management Accounting at Stellenbosch University before stockbroking for Goldman Sachs in London for just over four years. Declined the offer of promotion, left my job and moved to South Africa. Built a clay home with inspiration from various people on the way leading to me become a biodynamic student, grass farmer and carbon sequestrator.