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Hypotheses regarding the effect of white women's marital and family status, personal attributes, and job and family-related factors on their labor force participation, occupational mobility, and earnings are tested through a path analysis of data on 585 respondents to the NLS of Mature Women (1967, 1969, and 1971). Since the hypotheses are not strongly supported, it is suggested that a more profitable avenue of investigation might focus on factors in the occupational structure, e.g., overt or covert discrimination, opportunity, and power or proportional organizational structures. Contrary to expectations, part-time rather than full-time workers were more likely to experience occupational mobility and increased earnings over time, probably due to factors such as higher initial occupational status and education. The latter findings suggest a need to channel women into higher status occupations early in life, especially if they plan to combine employment and marriage.