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COUNTRY

VHF

UHF

AFGHANISTAN

PAL/SECAM
B

--

ALBANIA

PAL
B

PAL
G

ALGERIA

PAL
B

PAL
G

ANGOLA

PAL
I

--

ARGENTINA

PAL
N

PAL
N

AUSTRALIA

PAL
B

PAL
G

AUSTRIA

PAL
B

PAL
G

AZORES

PAL
B

--

BAHAMAS

NTSC
M

--

BAHRAIN

PAL
B

PAL
G

BANGLADESH

PAL
B

--

BARBADOS

NTSC
M

--

BELGIUM

PAL
B

PAL
H

BERMUDA

NTSC
M

--

BOLIVIA

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

BOTSWANA

PAL
I

--

BRAZIL

PAL
M

PAL
M

BRUNEI

PAL
B

PAL
B

BULGARIA

SECAM
D

SECAM
K

BURKINA
FASO

SECAM
K1

--

BURMA

NTSC
M

--

BURUNDI

SECAM
K1

--

CAMBODIA

NTSC
M

--

CAMEROON

PAL
B

PAL
G

CANADA

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

CANARY
ISLANDS

PAL
B

--

CHAD

SECAM
K1

--

CHILE

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

CHINA

PAL
D

--

COLOMBIA

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

COSTA
RICA

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

CUBA

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

CYPRUS

PAL
B

PAL
G

CZECH
REPUBLIC

PAL
B-G

PAL
B-G

DAHOMEY

SECAM
K1

--

DENMARK

PAL
B

PAL
G

DJIBOUTI

SECAM
B

SECAM
G

DOMINICAN
REP

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

ECUADOR

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

EGYPT

SECAM
B/PAL B

SECAM
G/PAL G

EL
SALVADOR

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

EQUAT.
GUINEA

PAL
B

--

ESTONIA

PAL
B/SEC D

PAL
G/SECAM K

ETHIOPIA

PAL
B

PAL
G

FIJI

PAL
B

--

FINLAND

PAL
B

PAL
G

FRANCE

SECAM
L

SECAM
L

FRENCH
POLYNESIA

SECAM
K1

--

GABON

SECAM
K1

--

GAMBIA

PAL
I

--

GERMANY

PAL
B

PAL
G

GHANA

PAL
B

PAL
G

GIBRALTAR

PAL
B

PAL
H

GREECE

SECAM/PAL
B

SECAM/PAL
G

GREENLAND

NTSC/PAL
B

--

GUADELOUPE

SECAM
K1

--

GUAM

NTSC
M

--

GUATEMALA

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

GUINEA

PAL
K

--

GUYANA
(FRENCH)

SECAM
K1

--

HONDURAS

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

HONG
KONG

--

PAL
I

HUNGARY

SECAM
D/PAL

SECAM
K/PAL

ICELAND

PAL
B

PAL
G

INDIA

PAL
B

--

INDONESIA

PAL
B

PAL
G

IRAN

SECAM
B

SECAM
G

IRAQ

SECAM
B

--

IRELAND

PAL
I

PAL
I

ISRAEL

PAL
B

PAL
G

ITALY

PAL
B

PAL
G

IVORY
COAST

SECAM
K1

--

JAMAICA

NTSC
M

--

JAPAN

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

JORDAN

PAL
B

PAL
G

KENYA

PAL
B

PAL
G

KOREA
NORTH

SECAM
D

--

KOREA
SOUTH

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

KUWAIT

PAL
B

--

LATVIA

PAL
B/SEC D

PAL
G/SEC K

LEBANON

SECAM
B

SECAM
G

LIBERIA

PAL
B

PAL
H

LIBYA

SECAM
B

SECAM
G

LITHUANIA

PAL
B/SEC D

PAL
G/SEC K

LUXEMBOURG

PAL
B/SECAM L

PAL
G/SEC L

MADAGASCAR

SECAM
K1

--

MADEIRA

PAL
B

--

MALAGASY

SECAM
K1

--

MALAWI

PAL
B

PAL
G

MALAYSIA

PAL
B

--

MALI

SECAM
K1

--

MALTA

PAL
B

PAL
H

MARTINIQUE

SECAM
K1

--

MAURITANIA

SECAM
B

--

MAURITIUS

SECAM
B

--

MEXICO

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

MONACO

SECAM
L

--

MONGOLIA

SECAM
D

--

MOROCCO

SECAM
B

--

MOZAMBIQUE

PAL
B

--

NAMIBIA

PAL
I

--

NEPAL

PAL
B

--

NETHERLANDS

PAL
B

PAL
G

NETH.
ANTILLES

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

NEW
CALEDONIA

SECAM
K1

--

NEW
GUINEA

PAL
B

PAL
G

NEW
ZEALAND

PAL
B

PAL
G

NICARAGUA

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

NIGER

SECAM
K1

--

NIGERIA

PAL
B

PAL
G

NORWAY

PAL
B

PAL
G

OMAN

PAL
B

PAL
G

PAKISTAN

PAL
B

--

PANAMA

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

PARAGUAY

PAL
N

PAL
N

PERU

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

PHILIPPINES

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

POLAND

SECAM
D/PAL

SECAM
K/PAL

PORTUGAL

PAL
B

PAL
G

PUERTO
RICO

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

QATAR

PAL
B

--

REUNION

SECAM
K1

--

RUMANIA

PAL
D

PAL
K

RUSSIA

SECAM
D

SECAM
K

RWANDA

SECAM
K1

--

SABAH/SAWARA

PAL
B

--

ST.
KITTS

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

SAMOA

NTSC
M

--

SAUDI
ARABIA

SECAM-B/PAL-B

SECAM
G

SENEGAL

SECAM
K1

--

SEYCHELLES

PAL
B

PAL
G

SIERRA
LEONE

PAL
B

PAL
G

SINGAPORE

PAL
B

PAL
G

SLOVAK
REPUBLIC

PAL

PAL

SLOVENIA

PAL
B

PAL
G

SOUTH
AFRICA

PAL
I

PAL
I

SPAIN

PAL
B

PAL
G

SRI
LANKA

PAL
B

--

SUDAN

PAL
B

PAL
G

SURINAM

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

SWAZILAND

PAL
B

PAL
G

SWEDEN

PAL
B

PAL
G

SWITZERLAND

PAL
B

PAL
G

SYRIA

SECAM
B

--

TAHITI

SECAM
K1

--

TAIWAN

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

TANZANIA

PAL
B

PAL
B

THAILAND

PAL
B

--

TOGO

SECAM
K

--

TRINIDAD
TOBAGO

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

TUNISIA

SECAM
B

--

TURKEY

PAL
B

PAL
G

UGANDA

PAL
B

PAL
G

UNITED
ARAB EMIR.

PAL
B

PAL
G

UNITED
KINGDOM

--

PAL
I

UPPER
VOLTA

SECAM
K1

--

URUGUAY

PAL
N

PAL
N

USA

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

VENEZUELA

NTSC
M

NTSC
M

VIETNAM

PAL
B

PAL
G

YEMEN

PAL
B

--

YUGOSLAVIA

PAL
B

PAL
G

ZAIRE

SECAM
K1

--

ZAMBIA

PAL
B

PAL
G

ZIMBABWE

PAL
B

PAL
G

PAL:Phase
Alternation Line. Developed in Germany. Based in the NTSC system, it was
modified to avoid color distortion. Broadcast started in 1967.

Basic
Parameters

PAL
B-G-H

PAL
I

PAL
D

PAL
N

PAL
M

line/field

625/50

625/50

625/50

625/50

525/60

horizontal
frequency

15.625
kHz

15.625
kHz

15.625
kHz

15.625
kHz

15.734
kHz

vertical
frequency

50
Hz

50
Hz

50
Hz

50
Hz

60
Hz

color
subcarrier freq.

4.433618
MHz

4.433618
MHz.

4.433618
MHz.

3.582056
MHz.

3.575611
MHz.

video
bandwidth

5.0
MHz

5.5
MHz.

6.0
MHz.

4.2
MHz.

4.2
MHz.

audio
carrier

5.5
MHz. (FM)

6.0
MHz.

6.5
MHz.

4.5
MHz.

4.5
MHz.

NTSC:National Television
System Committee.

Developed in the U.S., it was the
world's first color TV system. Broadcast started in 1954.

Basic
Parameters

NTSC
M

line/field

525/60

horizontal
frequency

15.734
kHz

vertical
frequency

60
Hz

color
subcarrier freq.

3.579545
MHz

video
bandwidth

4.2
MHz

audio
carrier

4.5
MHz (FM)

SECAM:
Sequential Couleur Avec Memoire. Developed in France. Broadcast started
in 1967.

Basic
Parameters

SECAM
B-G-H

SECAM
D-K-K1-L

line/field

625/50

625/50

horizontal
frequency

15.625
kHz.

15.625
kHz.

vertical
frequency

50
Hz.

50
Hz.

video
bandwidth

5.0
MHz

6.0
MHz.

audio
carrier

5.5
MHz (AM)

6.5
MHz (AM)

PLAYBACK SYSTEMS

The following are not broadcast
systems, but playback systems that can be found in some VCRs.

MESECAM:

VCRs featuring
MESECAM will record SECAM signals in such a fashion, that can be later
viewed on PAL TVs. This system is incompatible with both PAL and SECAM,
and a MESECAM VCR is required to play MESECAM tapes.

PAL-60:

Also called "NTSC
playback on PAL TV". A DVD or VCR featuring PAL-60
will output a 60-Hz video signal with PAL color. The resulting signal is
partly NTSC (NTSC synchronisms) and partly PAL (PAL color), and will be
viewed on PAL TVs that are 50/60 Hz ready. If PAL TVs are not 50/60 Hz
compatible, vertical size will be incorrect, and/or picture will roll vertically.
This signal may not be recorded on PAL nor NTSC VCRs.

NTSC
4.43:

This system is identical to the US NTSC 3.58, except for
a different color subacarrier frequency.
Tapes
recorded in NTSC 4.43 VCRs can be played on NTSC 3.58 VCRs, and vice versa.