The true identity of the world’s first prison or penitentiary may remain unknown, however it is known that at some point incarceration became a penalty for crimes. It appears that during the Middle Ages “punitive punishment” was introduced by Europe, by their Christian Church. By the end of the eighteenth century, the concept of imprisonment as punishment for crime was in full effect in the United States. America officially introduced the concept of incarceration as a punishment for crime around 1790, which was the penitentiary era. In 1790 the Pennsylvania Quakers converted Philadelphia’s Walnut Street Jail into a penitentiary. The Quakers saw incarceration as an opportunity for penance and they believed prisons were places in which offenders might make amends with society and accept responsibility for their misdeeds. The philosophy of imprisonment began by the Quakers with the basic elements of rehabilitation and deterrence, which have been carried on to present day. Through this penitentiary, the Quakers developed the “Pennsylvania System”. Inmates of the Philadelphia Penitentiary were expected to wrestle alone with the evils they withhold. Rehabilitation was anticipated and a study of the Bible was strongly encouraged. Solitary confinement was the rule, and the penitentiary was architecturally designed to minimize the contact between inmates and between inmates and staff. Exercise was allowed in small high-walled yards attached to each cell. Eventually, after time handicrafts were introduced into the prison setting, allowing prisoners to work in their cells. Overall the Pennsylvania System was a form of imprisonment developed as an alternative to corporal punishments. This style of imprisonment was made by the use of solitary confinement and encouraged rehabilitation. The Pennsylvania System was...

...
Today one of the most cherished ideologies of America is the fact that everyone is and should be created equal. With this cherished ideology bringing a sense of pride and diversity to America we must keep in mind that this cherished ideology did not always exist. Since 1865 various individuals and groups have not been able to receive and express their rights to full equal status in the United States. These different individuals and groups have seemingly fought for their rights in...

...﻿Name:
Date:
Graded Assignment
Final Exam Part 2
I. Map
On this world map, indicate the following features:
Amazon Rainforest
Panama Canal
The Himalayas
The Ring of Fire
The Mississippi River
The Gobi Desert
(10 points)
II. Graphic Organizer
Fill in the table below about these five major world religions. Do not fill in the shaded boxes.
(10 points)
Religion
Name at least
one Holy Text
How do you achieve
enlightment?
Describe their view about the afterlife....

...﻿
Shackleton’s Way: Analysis & Review
Sara Mleso
Weber State University
Shackleton’s Way: Analysis & Review
Unfortunately, I missed the opportunity to participate in the group discussion in person on the day we were on campus. I have since emailed both particpants in my group, Anna Guzman and Tara Rhodes, who both responded promptly that everyone was submitting short answers to the questions in our discussion group, to compare and analyze. I have since compared and...

...to come to Russia. His son, Alexander II was responsible for introducing major changes to the social system and other important aspects of life in Russia. Because of this, the reign of Alexander II was one of the most important periods in Russian history. Many historians believe that if Alexander II had been prepared to grant moderate political concessions, along with his social, legal and military reforms, Russia might have gradually become a constitutional monarchy. But...

...equally or have bad attitude toward them!
This is the first time I had heard about Latino. It is really a new knowledge for me. Although I am very confused and did not understand all of thing about Latino, I still enjoy and interested in their history. According to the book “Harvest of Empire-Juan Gonzales,” it said: “…Latinos numbered a mere 9.1 million and represented just 4.5 percent of the population as recently as 1970.” (Juan Gonzalez, p.16) In my opinion, when Latino...

...﻿ History Assignment: 3
Q.1) What were the main characteristics of the writings of the Nationalist School of Historiography?
Ans: The Nationalist School of historical writing contributed to the self- confidence, self-assertion and a certain national pride which enabled Indian people to struggle against colonialism especially in the face of denigration of India's past and the consequent inferiority complex promoted by colonial writers. K.A. Nilakanta Sastri and...