Earnings, excluding costs such as interest and taxes, decreased to $2.3 billion last year from $3.3 billion in 2011, the Boston-based company said today in its annual report to shareholders. Revenue declined 1.2 percent to $12.6 billion.

Fidelity made its succession plan clear in August when it appointed Abigail Johnson, the chairman’s daughter, as president. The firm has been losing market share to rivals focused on fixed-income and index-based products. Valley Forge, Pennsylvania-based Vanguard Group Inc., a pioneer in indexing, took in $141 billion in 2012.

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