Decision-Making

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Transcript of Decision-Making

Getting Where You Want to GoDecision-Making"When making a decision of minor importance, I have always found it advantageous to consider all the pros and cons. In vital matters, however, such as the choice of a mate or a profession, the decision should come from the unconscious, from somewhere within ourselves. In the important decisions of personal life, we should be governed, I think, by the deep inner needs of our nature." - Sigmund FreudMapping the Decision-Making EnvironmentShift Your Attitude

Practice Creativity

Engage in Competition

PrepareOvercoming BarriersGoalThe Decision- Making ProcessStarting the decision-making process impliesChoosing to ChooseThe "right" choice is defined by who you are and where you want to go.that youcan & willmake a decision.

1. Identify and choose alternatives.

2. Reduce doubt to allow a reasonable choice.What do we do when making a decision?Two Kinds of Decisions - Either/or - Decisions made in advance

- Yes/No - Either/Or- Pros/ConsDependent DecisionsDecisions Which- Being prepared for the right moment- FlexibleDecision-making moves back & forthbetween what we want and the options

we have.Often the possibilities we identify will influence the criteria we have.

- Follows from previous decisions - Enables many future decisions- Prevents other future decisionsA decision left unmade will often result in a decision by default or a decision being made for you.Decisions are made in real time with the best information

available at the moment.The goal of making a decision (instead of letting others decide for you) is to understand and minimize risk.Determine the options that are available. Remember that options are- Time-sensitive- Dependent on past decisions

Strategize how barriers can be overcome- Take ownership of the process- Practice creativityFinding Options- Identify sources of information

- Determine how important each piece of information isTwo Kinds of InformationPrimary: information that you gather yourself

Secondary: usable information gathered by someone elseHow much info do you need?- Too much or too little information can make the process more difficult

- The amount of information needed is tied to the risk involved in the decisionUnderstanding BarriersEmotional

Environmental

Perceptual

Intellectual

Cultural

ExpressiveFear of making mistakes; need for security; impatience

Distractions; lack of cooperation from others

Seeing what we expect to see; skipping the process of defining a problem so we can get to the "important" part of solving it

Inexperience; being locked into a bad approach

Traditions; distrust of intuition; conformist behavior

Expressing ideas in a way that is not understood by othersAcknowledge barriers. Recognize that you have the resources to overcome them.

Try brain teasers & puzzles. Walk a different route to the grocery store. Practice looking at old things in new ways.

Join a team. Play games. Debate an issue. Enter writing or photography contests.

Get enough rest and eat properly so you can think clearly. Pace yourself. Practice decision-making ahead of time so you'll be prepared when the moment comes.Gathering InformationGoals

Values

Information

Alternatives

Criteria

PreferencesWhat do you want to accomplish?

How well does an option support your core commitments?

What facts do you need about your options?

What options do you need to find or create?

What characteristics must an option have?

How do you rank your options?Accept the DecisionTo implement a decision, you must accept it intellectually and emotionally.Understanding RiskRisk-taking frees us. Without risk, we cannot grow.

Risks remind us that permanent security does not exist. Not taking a risk does not guarantee security.

Fear of loss, rejection, or failure is a normal part of risk.

Risk involves separation anxiety as we move away from the familiar.Assessing Risk1. Will this risk help you reach your goals?

2. Are you calm and thoughtful?

3. What are the possible losses as well as gains?

4. Do you have a plan with clear steps?

5. Are you ready to act decisively?

6. Are you prepared to accept a mix of success and failure?Risks vs. Barriers in Decision-MakingEvery decision:Risk BarriersExposure to the chance of injury, loss, or failureAnything that restrains or obstructs progress or accessFinding Options- Brainstorm

ChoicesGoals help us focus our attention and actions. Goals help us see how small choices connect to a larger purpose. EnergyGoals can energize us. For example, if you apply for 10 jobs/week and have the goal of applying for 20, you will work more intensely than you would otherwise.CommitmentYou are more likely to push through setbacks if pursuing a goal.ThinkingGoals can help us shift our behaviors and develop our understanding of the world.

depends on action.Action leads to momentum.Specific:I want to get a job.vs.I want to get a career-ladder job as a healthcare professional.Measurable:I want to save money.vs.I want to save $3,000.Action-oriented:Be more involved at my child's school. vs.Attend 2 PTA meetings this semester.Qualify for the Olympics.vs.Train for a 5k.Realistic:Time-based:I want to save $3,000.vs.I want to save $3,000 this year.Exercise: Turning Goals into Actions1. Create clear, specific tasks. 2. Set daily, weekly, and monthly tasks.3. Review your goals and tasks regularly.4. Get started immediately: do one thing within 72 hours that will help you reach your goal. Decision-making:Navigating everyday situations with the end goal in mind.The greatest challenge to decision-making is uncertainty.What is a goal?Goal-Setting Exercise:I want toBe/Do/HaveExercise: