BLOCK DIAGRAMS

Introduction

Block Diagramsare the easiest method to describe someone the system of functions and their workings. These diagrams use boxes connected to each other by links or lines, each representing a function. All the functions here are interdependent, that is, one cannot proceed unless the former function is working properly. In computers these diagrams are basically used to describe the working ofinputandoutputdevices.

INPUT->MEMORY[PROCESSING-ALU, Control Unit]->OUTPUT

Working

-Accepting the raw data from the user for processing.

-Decoding it to the form that computer can understand.

-Sending it to the requisite unit for processing.

-Encoding it to the form that user can understand.

-Displaying the processed data using the output devices.

Input Unit

Computers need raw data to process and convert them into useful information. This raw data is provided to it by the user. Input devices are used to provide to feed raw data to the computer, some examples of input devices are keyboards, scanners, mouse, cd’s etc.

Memory

The data and instructions that are provided to the computer by the user is stored in the memory before and after they are processed. There are two types of memories-

Primary-For fast and temporary storage of data. It is volatile memory, that is the data is lost once the power is turned off, still it is a very integral part of the computer. It is smaller in size than secondary memory.

Secondary-For permanent storage of data. It is generally bigger in size than primary memory.

Processing Units-ALU [Arithmetic and logical unit]

All the mathematical calculations, comparisons, logical decisions are done by this unit of the processor. Example addition, subtraction, multiplication, <, >, etc. The raw data is sent to this unit for processing, which in turn sends back the processed data back for displaying.

Processing Units-Control unit

This is also one of the most important part of the processor. It controls, coordinates synchronizes all the units and on-board functions of the computer. It also controls the flow of data, from one to other units. It actually acts as the Central System of the computer.

Output Units

The final result or the processed data is displayed to the user using output units from the memory. Some examples of output devices are Monitors or LCDs, printers, speakers etc.

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