Tanning Beds and Eye Damage: What You Need to Know

Sun Tanning - Tanning Beds and Eye Damage: What You Need to Know

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Tanning Beds and Eye Damage: What You Need to Know

A tanning bed or sun bed is a device structured with sunlamps in which one stands or reclines in order to gain a suntan. Tanning beds emit 2 types of Uv radiation, Uva and Uvb rays. In general, tanning beds predominantly emit Uva radiation. However, in up-to-date years, tanning beds are manufactured in such a way as to yield the same effects of the solar spectrum, which in turn produces higher levels of Uvb rays. From an market point of view, this speeds up the tanning process.

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Sun Tanning

The cornea and lens of the eye digest Uv radiation. Exposure to natural sunlight activates the defense mechanism of the eyes such as constriction of the pupil and squinting reflex, which minimizes penetration of the sun's rays into the eye. When a person is exposed to Uv radiation under controlled conditions such as a tanning bed, the body reacts in such a way that the defense mechanism of the eyes will be minimal, thus resulting in photokeratitis and photoconjunctivitis. Photokeratitis is inflammation of the cornea and photoconjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva. Over exposure to Uvb could cause arc-eye and snow blindness, which are greatest forms of photokeratitis. Researches show that Uv radiation levels to the eye is 100 times greater in a tanning bed than covering in the sun. Thus increased exposure to Uvb increases the risk of developing inevitable types of cataracts. This leads to unraveling of the proteins in the eye lens, which tangle and gain pigments and ultimately may cause blindness. The risk of this happening can be reduced to 40% if ocular exposure to Uvb is halved. Over exposure can also cause other eye problems such as pterygium and macula degeneration. Pterygium is tissue increase on the white part of the eye and macula degeneration is damage to the retina.

Ultraviolet radiation is a well-established human carcinogen, so the probability of malignant melanoma of the eye cannot be precluded. Wearing eye glasses or holding the eyes done will not be enough to keep this from happening.