For most oil sand recovery is accomplished with in-situ thermal processes like Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) and Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS), where steam and chemicals are injected to the liquefy the bitumen. The treatment and recycling of the produced water used in this process has a direct impact on the cost of oil production. Aquatech provides water treatment technologies that includes the recycling of the produced water used the process which has a direct impact on their the cost of oil production.

Recycling, reusing or treating produced water does not always have to be expensive. Most Oil & Gas companies manage more water than they do hydrocarbons. While MIOX is not a 100% solution to all produced water treatment needs, it does do the heavy lifting.

Maintenance free and easy to operate ozone generators supplied by ozone generator manufacturer who knows ozone.
Primozone is a modern ozone generator supplier who not only supplies ozone generators but also designs complete ozone water treatment systems. We know ozone and can be your partner in designing a complete and efficiently working ozone generator system for most municipal water treatment issues.
The Primozone® technology allows for solutions that are cost effective. Our ozone generators produce a high concentration of ozone using a comparing low amount of energy, which makes the life cycle cost surprisingly low.

Deionized water, also known as demineralized water (DI water or de-ionized water; can also be spelled deionised water), is water that has had its mineral ions removed, such as cations from sodium, calcium, iron, copper and anions such as chloride and bromide. Deionization is a physical process which uses specially-manufactured ion exchange resins which bind to and filter out the mineral salts from water. Because the majority of water impurities are dissolved salts, deionization produces a high purity water that is generally similar to distilled water, and this process is quick and without scale buildup. However, deionization does not significantly remove uncharged organic molecules, viruses or bacteria, except by incidental trapping in the resin. Specially made strong base anion resins can remove Gram-negative bacteria. Deionization can be done continuously and inexpensively using electrodeionization.

Drinking water can be produced from any natural sources like groundwater, lakes and rivers (surface waters) or seawater. Drinking water standards are set by the World Health organisation or by the European Union. Drinking water must be free of suspended solids, microorganisms and toxic chemicals. Mineral concentration recommendation vary from country to country but most of the minerals have a maximum concentration recommended to ensure safe, equilibrated and pleasant water to drink.

Deionized water, also known as demineralised water, is water that has had its mineral ions removed, such as cations like sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and anions such as chloride, nitrate, sulfate, bicarbonate and even silica. Deionization is a chemical process that uses specially manufactured ion exchange resins which exchange hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion for dissolved minerals, which then recombine to form water. Because the majority of water impurities are dissolved salts, deionization produces a high purity water that is generally similar to distilled water, and this process is quick and without scale buildup.

Process water covers the wide range of boiler feed water, cooling water for heat exchangers or engine, chemicals dilution, etc. It should typically have a conductivity ranging from 0,1 to 50 uS/cm, with little to no hardness to avoid scaling in heating system. Oxygen and carbon dioxide should be removed to prevent corrosion. Depending on your application, the water quality requirements can vary: Boiler feed water characteristic. Cooling water quality. Tap water or fresh groundwater are the most widely used source of water to produce process water.

DEVISE has developed “Smart Treatment Solutions” for larger capacities plants. Medium size STP’s up to treatment capacity of 2,300 m3/d (11,500 P.E.) are possible to implement with Packaged Systems. DEVISE is currently implementing such a STP using its revolutionary “Ultra-Clear Bio-Plant” technique which would produce an effluent quality suitable for re-use.

Horticultural and greenhouse operations are facing increasing challenges in dealing with sanitation issues related to water treatment. Over the course of growing a crop, pathogenic microorganisms accumulate and algae flourish on moist surfaces posing a constant threat to plants and produce. The main challenges lie the areas of irrigation water, elimination of biofilm and algae control. Existing biocidal products, while effective in killing algae, are not effective in removing biofilm from the water lines. The ultimate solution would be to employ a biocide that is capable to control algae on greenhouse surfaces and strip the biofilm in irrigation lines. Chlorine dioxide has demonstrated to possess both properties.

Sulfates and hydrogen sulfide are both common nuisance contaminants. Although neither is usually a significant health hazard, sulfates can have a temporary laxative effect on humans and young livestock. Sulfates also may clog plumbing and stain clothing. Hydrogen sulfide produces an offensive `rotten egg` odor and taste in the water, especially when the water is heated.

Odour emissions form a serious problem for many people that live near or work in places which produce odours. These places can be factories, wastewater treatment plants, farms like pig and poultry breeders, solid waste disposal facilities and landfills. As some odourous compounds can be harmful for the health of humans other are simply unpleasant and can cause health problems when exposed to on a continuous basis. In either case something needs to be done about it.

It is estimated that 23-28% of Sanitary Sewer Overflows (SSOs) are due to Fats, Oil and Grease (FOG). With significant growth in the commercial food sector on top of other high FOG producing industries such as metal processors, meat packers, cosmetic manufacturers and industrial laundry establishments, the need for publicly owned treatment plants (POTWs) and industries to regulate and monitor FOG is crucial to public health. Besides clogged sewer lines, high FOG levels also disrupt the effective operation of a wastewater treatment plant. An important feature of any FOG program is locating and monitoring high oil and grease producing industries and food service establishments. InfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzers provide a simplified procedure for FOG analysis based on solvent extraction and infrared absorption which can give the regulator or operator an on-site result in less than 10 minutes.

For Kinetico, that realization extends to the importance of specialized water treatment solutions customized for specific, wide-ranging applications. Our filters and softeners come in a variety of configurations designed to produce safe, clean drinking water and remove contaminants and hardness. This greatly improves overall water quality and protects expensive (and essential) boilers, laundry facilities and commercial kitchen appliances. To convert first-time guests into repeat customers and to safeguard your costly equipment, turn to Kinetico for the highest-quality water.

TenCate Geotube technology provides cost-effective and sure dewatering and containment in a wide variety of industries. In Power and Utility, Pulp and Paper and other general industries that produce sludge, TenCate Geotube dewatering technology enables the recovery of valuable materials, provides structural stability, improves water quality, or just reduces storage footprint by sometimes 50 to 80%. The dewatering containers can be custom-sized to the application, placed in available space between other structures, and removed once dewatering is complete. In some cases, conditioners or polymers are used to promote flocculation to increase dewatering rate, improve solids retention and filtrate quality.

Economic, environmental and operational demands challenge drilling operators to produce results in a highly regulated and competitive environment. MIOX chemical generators offers an efficient, effective, low cost solution for treating high volumes of water and achieve a superior bacterial kill. And because MIOX technology operates with salt, water and electricity, there are virtually no health, safety or environmental concerns at the drill site or down-hole.

Sulfide Odor Control
Sulfide is found throughout the environment as a result of both natural and industrial processes. Most sulfide found in nature was produced biologically (under anaerobic conditions) and occurs as free hydrogen sulfide (H2S) - characterized by its rotten egg odor. We are most likely to encounter biogenic H2S in sour groundwaters, swamps and marshes, natural gas deposits, and sewage collection/treatment systems. Manmade sources of H2S typically occur as a result of natural materials containing sulfur (e.g., coal, gas and oil) being refined into industrial products. For a variety of reasons - aesthetics (odor control), health (toxicity), ecological (oxygen depletion in receiving waters), and economic (corrosion of equipment and infrastructure) - sulfide laden wastewaters must be handled carefully and remediated before they can be released to the environment. Typical discharge limits for sulfide are < 1 mg/L.
Sulfide Treatment Alternatives
There are dozens of alternatives for treating sulfide laden waters, ranging from simple air stripping (for the low levels present in groundwaters) to elaborate sulfur recovery plants (used to treat several tons per day at refineries and coal burning power plants). There are processes based on biology (using compost filters, scrubbing media, or inhibition/disinfection), chemistry (oxidation, precipitation, absorption, and combination), and physics (adsorption, volatilization, and incineration). Each process occupies a niche which is often defined by the scale and continuity of treatment, whether the sulfide is in solution or is a gas, the concentration of sulfide involved, and the disposition of the sulfide containing medium. However, for reasons relating to convenience and flexibility, chemical oxidation (using hydrogen peroxide) continues to grow in its scope of application.
Treatment with Hydrogen Peroxide
While other peroxygens such as permonosulfuric (Caro’s) acid, peracetic acid, and persulfates will oxidize sulfide, their use for this application is overkill. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is considerably simpler and more cost-effective.
H2O2 may control sulfides in two ways, depending on the application:
Prevention - by providing dissolved oxygen which inhibits the septic conditions which lead to biological sulfide formation; and
Destruction - by oxidizing sulfide to elemental sulfur or sulfate ion.

In a Steamflood Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) process, steam is injected in the well, lowering the viscosity of heavy oil suitable for extraction through the production wells. The fluid from the wells is a mixture of oil, water and gas and goes through a separation system to separate the three. The separated produced water is heavily contaminated with dissolved solids and hydrocarbons.
Aquatech’s Steamflood Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Technology offers the integrated solutions for the treatment EOR produced water for boilers, generating a purified product that can be reused for the production and injection of steam. Our turnkey approach to treatment includes coordinating the logistics of wastewater removal off-site and any sludge disposal.

Genesis Water Technologies understands the consistently evolving and increasing demands for high quality water in the oil & gas industry and the necessity for sustainable produced water treatment solutions to handle the evolving challenges faced by this industry.

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