5 Comment concilier ou faire cohabiter des pratiques, des usages, des besoins distincts et singuliers? - Bien être et confort d usage : Dans un contexte où croît l exigence de qualité, et dont la population est vieillissante, existerait-il un moyen concret de mesurer et améliorer le bonheur et le bien-être? Comment répondre aux besoins élémentaires des personnes tout en garantissant leur bien-être? Topic «Health» and «Design for All» are critical issues in the current evolution of our lifestyle. An increased life expectancy, as identified by INED (the National Institute of Population Studies) is leading to changes in the physical and cognitive abilities of all end-users. User comfort and convenience are now much more relevant to design. As it was demonstrated in the exhibition «Sixth Sense», organized by Cité du design during the Biennale Internationale Design Saint-Etienne 2013, it is impossible, for technical and financial reasons, to conceive a product or service that would meet everyone s needs 100% of the time. And yet, Design for All tends to come close to this concept. Designers think and operate at the interaction of technique of social fields. They can reconsider the notion of care and bring relevant solutions. Innovations designed for niche user groups can thus inspire evolutions that will benefit the wider population. This symposium proposes to explore the following questions : - Providing life-long support How to design a future including people from any age, ability and capacity? How to conceive and think adaptive services evoluting from childhood to oldness? In this session, we will try to consider the phenomenon of the longer life expectancy as an opportunity more than a problem. Could designing innovating services for a growing silver generation an answer in a context of crisis? - Design for and with all What have been the impacts of Design for All approaches on the evolution of design methods and thinking? How does the creation deal with the interaction of standards and chaos? What does design do with the concept of normality? How to produce living environments who would not be totally under standards, or totally disturbing, but adapted to human beings in their great diversity? How to conciliate or facilitate the cohabitation of practices uses and needs which are distinct and singular? - Providing user comfort In an ageing and quality-oriented society, is there a concrete way to measure and improve well-being and happiness? How to respond to elementary needs of people and guarantee their well-being? 5

9 Conférence d'ouverture Keynote speaker Kazuo KAWASAKI PhD Directeur de design, Docteur en sciences médicales, professeur diplômé d ingénierie, Université d Osaka, professeur émérite de Nagoya City University, professeur invité de Kanazawa Institute of Technology et de Tama Art University, membre du comité de délibération du conseil Good Design Award, autorité compétente du METI. Kazuo Kawasaki a travaillé comme designer industriel a Toshiba. A la suite d un accident de la route à l âge de 28 ans il est contraint de passer du temps dans un fauteuil roulant. Il crée sa propre entreprise et travaille comme directeur de conception pour différentes entreprises, Apple, Canon, Eizo, Fujitsu, Matsuda, Moriseiki, NTT DoCoMo, Sony, Toshiba, etc. Sa vie et son travail de chercheur / designer sont intimement liés et il s interroge sur un design nécessaire à l humanité et la recherche d une meilleure manière de vivre. Il a conçu des fauteuils roulants, du matériel informatique, des organes artificiels, entre autres choses. Au cours des dernières années, il a travaillé comme chercheur et éducateur intégrant complètement la science, la technologie, la médecine et l art à son travail. Design Director, Doctor of Medical Science, Professor of graduate school of engineering, Osaka University, Honorary professor at Nagoya City University, Visiting Professor at Kanazawa Institute of Technology and Tama Art University, Member of the Jury for the Good Design Award, the Competent authority of the METI. Kazuo Kawasaki worked for Toshiba as an industrial designer. After being involved in a road accident when he was 28, he was forced to spend time in a wheelchair. He set up his own business and worked as design director for various companies such as Apple, Canon, Eizo, Fujitsu, Matsuda, Moriseiki, NTT DoCoMo, Sony, Toshiba, etc. His life and work as a researcher and designer are closely linked and he raises questions about the kind of design that humanity needs and the search for a better way of living. He has designed wheelchairs, computer equipment and artificial organs amongst other things. Over the last few years he has been working as a researcher and educator fully incorporating science, technology, medicine and art into his work. 9

10 Intervenants Speakers Francesc ARAGALL I CLAVE Spécialiste en Design for All (Conception Universelle) Directeur Général de ProAsolutions, SL, cabinet-conseil spécialisé dans l accessibilité, la mobilité, l usage et la conception universelle. Président de la Design for All Foundation, organisme sans but lucratif qui promeut la conception universelle. Après avoir obtenu son diplôme de l Université de Barcelone, Francesc a développé son activité professionnelle dans les domaines de l ergonomie, la biomécanique, l accessibilité et la conception universelle/design for All. Il était chargé de l accessibilité urbaine, du transport et de l appui technique à la Mairie de Barcelone pendant la construction des équipements pour les Jeux Olympiques de Il a diffusé le concept de Design for All à travers l Europe grâce à EIDD-Design for All Europe, dont il a été président entre 1998 et 2001, et au niveau international depuis 2001 grâce à son rôle de président de la Design for All Foundation, qu il a fondée. Enseignant en cours de maîtrise et de doctorat, intervenant pour des conférences et congrès internationaux, il est aussi auteur de plusieurs publications, telles qu Universal Design : The HUMBLES Method for User-Centred Business (décembre 2011) et European Concept for Accessibility Technical Assistance Manual (édition 2003) et corédacteur d ECA-Administrations Il est également mécène du Centre de Design de Barcelone et membre de divers réseaux et groupes soutenant le Design pour Tous. ARAGALL I CLAVE Francesc Design for All (Universal Design) Managing Director of ProAsolution, SL, a consultancy specialized in the accessibility, the mobility, the use and universal design. He is President of the Design for All Foundation, a non-profit organization which promotes universal design. After graduating from the University of Barcelona, Francesc developed his professional activity in the fields of ergonomics, biomechanics, accessibility and Universal design / Design for All. He was in charge of the urban accessibility, of the transports and of the technical support at Barcelona City during the construction of the amenities for the 1992 Olympic Games. He spread the Design for All concept through Europe thanks to EIDD-Design for All Europe, to which he was President between 1998 and 2001, and at international level since 2001 thanks to his role of President of the Design for All Foundation, that he founded. Teacher in master and PhD courses, and speaker in various international conferences and congresses, he also is author of some publications, such as Universal Design: the HUMBLES Method for User-Centred Business (december 2011) and European Concept for Accessibility Technical Assistance Manual (2003 Edition) and co-editor of ECA-Administrations He is also sponsor of the Barcelona Centre de Disseny and member of various networks and sets that support Design for All. «La contribution du Design for All à une vie saine. L exemple du changement de paradigme de Lékué». Francesc Aragall. Design for All Foundation. Le «Design for All» / Conception Universelle est un concept nécessaire pour garantir la santé telle qu elle est définie par l Organisation Mondiale de la Santé. Si on prend en compte la diversité humaine, on doit garantir que toutes les personnes puissent accéder à tous les lieux, produits et services de manière comparable, pour développer leurs potentiels dans la société en assurant que les différences individuelles sont respectées. Cette approche doit être applicable à tous les aspects qui conforment notre vie quotidienne : urbanisme, logement, services publiques et privés, comme la santé ou les services bancaires ou l offre culturelle, mais aussi aux produits alimentaires, outils 10

11 domestiques, au travail, aux technologies et à l information. Les entreprises responsables, doivent donc prendre en considération les enjeux qu elles véhiculent et leur contribution à la santé de leurs clients et consommateurs. Le cas de la compagnie Lékué (http://www. lekue.fr/fr/presentation) est un exemple de comment la responsabilité sociale peut être compatible avec la réussite économique. Cette entreprise, qui est née avec la vocation de devenir la référence des ustensiles de cuisine fabriqués en «silicone platine» conçus pour être attirants et fonctionnels et ayant gagné un nombre considérable de prix et reconnaissances, a commencé à entreprendre une nouvelle démarche. A partir de l application de la méthode HUMBLES pour la gestion de la Conception Universelle dans l entreprise, Lékué a entrepris une nouvelle orientation pour devenir un assistant auprès des utilisateurs afin de leur offrir une cuisine saine sans renoncer à la gastronomie. Ce nouveau regard a conduit la compagnie sur la voie de la recherche nutritionnelle, à l écoute des utilisateurs, à penser au-delà des produits en silicone, à se concentrer sur le bien-être dans la maison et, enfin, à co-concevoir avec les consommateurs. Les différentes phases du parcours de Lékué jusqu à aujourd hui sont présentées en détail. The Design for All contribution to a healthy life. The example of the Lékué paradigm change. Francesc Aragall. Design for All Foundation. The Design for All / Universal Design is a necessary concept to reach the health as defined by the World Health Organization. If we take into account the human diversity, we have to guarantee that everybody can access to every place, product and service equally to develop their potential in the community by ensuring that human differences are respected. This approach must be applied to all the aspects that shape our daily life: urbanism, accommodation, public and private services, such as health or banking services or cultural offer, but also to food products, domestic tools, work, technologies and information. Responsible companies have to consider their challenges and their contribution to the consumers and customers health. The case of the Lékué company (http://www.lekue.fr/fr/ presentation) is an example on how the social responsibility can be compatible with the economic success. This company, born with the vocation to be the reference in cooking utensils made in platinum silicone designed to be attractive and functional and which won a huge number of awards and recognitions, starts a new approach. From the application of the HUMBLES method for the management of the Universal Design in the company, Lékulé has started a new orientation to become assistant beside the users to offer them a healthy food without giving up the gastronomy. This new approach led the company toward the nutritional research, the users listening, to think beyond silicone products, to focus on the welfare at home and, finally, to co-design with the consumers. The various steps of the Lékué path till now are presented in details. 11

13 pilote sur le long terme et à travers l évaluation du retour d expérience sur les meilleures pratiques. L approche de la recherche est pluridisciplinaire et le groupe est formé de spécialistes des sciences médicales, techniques, sociales, de l architecture et du design. Les participants sont l Université de Oulu (Information, Science de l informatique, Architecture et Technologie Médicale), VTT et ODL. Le projet de recherche Value Creation in Smart Living Environement for Senior Citizen (VESC) a été créé par l Académie de Finlande dans le programme MOTIVE le projet VESC et en partie par TEKES dans le programme de Built Environment projet RYHTI. En coopération avec Nara Institute Of Science and Technology (NAIST), Nara, Japan est aussi à souligner. Safety Navigation for Senior Citizen The number of elderly is increasing in the future. However, there is still a deficiency of technological innovations to support everyday life of the aged, which would allow them to live more independently at home. People with memory disorders are especially vulnerable and need a lot of attention from care providers to cope with activities of daily living. Previously developed applications have mostly been focused on health and activity surveillance. Their user interfaces have been hard to use for the elderly themselves and thus require support from other people. The main goal of this study was to develop a smart phone based navigation system with easy-to-use interface to be used by senior citizen and their relatives. This system can be used remotely to ease and support the lives of elderly people with memory disorders. The specific aim is to develop smart homes and living environments and advanced mobile location - and context-based services such as augmented reality services. This is achieved with the help of innovative embedded, ubiquitous mobile and internet applications and services. Methodology of the research is based on integrating research, design concepts and innovative ideas in real life experimentation. Through this experimentation the services and applications can be evaluated and improved in collaboration with the users. The specific aim of the research is to produce a prototype of a smart living environment for long-term pilot use and trough evaluation of the experiences report on the best practices discovered. The research approach is multidisciplinary and therefore the project group consists of multidisciplinary research specialists from medical, technical, societal and architectural fields of science. Participants are University of Oulu (Information Processing Science, Architecture and Medical Technology), VTT, and ODL. Value Creation in Smart Living Environment for Senior Citizen research project (VESC) research project is funded by the Academy of Finland in the MOTIVE program VESC project and partly by TEKES in Built Environment programme RYHTI project. Cooperation with Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Nara, Japan is acknowledged. 13

15 This speech is focused on two stakes emerging from the study of the uses : the importance of the social link in the relation between the individual and the object, and the link between the individual and the object through the expressions warm object and cold object. A classification of smart objects is completing the presentation ; it deals with the command and the collection of information and it was set up from the material collected during the interviews with the elder people. The research project Uses and non-uses of communicating objects is led by the Saint-Etienne National Engineering Higher School of Mines (Institut Henri Fayol, ISCOD department), the Cité du design (Research department), the Engineering Higher School of Telecom (Claude Chappe Telecom lab, SATIN team), and the Saint-Etienne Hospital (Gerontology department). 15

17 When design humanizes care solutions, for the child at the hospital, for the senior in home care It is through two concrete projects that we will show how design can humanize care solutions often too technical. How the user-centred design approach and the creativity can make compatible the technical and economic requirements of the industrial with the patient sensitivity and move from a technical conception to a care scenario conception. Two stories of product creation that Design Office and DOmed led for an important laboratory, in one case, and for an association of doctors, in another case. Two environments with opposed economic extremities for two projects in the life extremities. 1. When a senior needs an oxygen therapy device at home, how a treatment solution can be re-designed to ease the daily life of the patient? 2. When the child has to undergo a NMR, how, by assuming a playful learning to prepare the child to the medical examination, can we spare him the anaesthesia? In order that the valorisation of the client experience can also be source of value creation, the projects are approached with the same three pole creation dynamic. - The innovation to motivate and contribute to the change, - The user who has to be placed at the heart of every issue, - The brand as sign of commitment, experience and shared values. 17

18 Pascale LEHOUX Pascale Lehoux, Chaire de recherche du Canada sur les innovations en santé, Professeur titulaire, École de santé publique, Institut de recherche en santé publique de l Université de Montréal (IRSPUM) Pascale Lehoux, Canada Chair of research on health innovations, Tenured professor, School of Public Health, Montreal University Public-Health Research Institute (IRSPUM) Arrimer le design pour tous au développement technologique en santé Se demander à quoi correspond le design pour tous dans le vaste domaine de la santé interpelle les utilisateurs aussi bien que les concepteurs des nouvelles technologies. Les avancées dans le domaine médical sont non seulement nombreuses et diversifiées, mais elles soulèvent également des enjeux économiques et sociaux. Par exemple, assurer la pérennité des systèmes de soins représente un défi de taille pour l ensemble des pays à travers le monde. Pourra-t-on continuer à offrir des services de santé à l ensemble des citoyens si les technologies médicales s avèrent de plus en plus coûteuses tant sur le plan de leur développement que de leur usage? S appuyant sur divers projets de recherche ayant porté sur l usage en contexte réel des technologies médicales et sur leur conception au sein d entreprises dérivées (spin-offs), cette présentation a pour objectif de faire ressortir deux principaux points d arrimage entre la discipline du design industriel et le développement technologique en santé. Premièrement, j expliquerai que le design est une ressource méconnue et généralement sous exploitée dans le domaine de la santé. Pourtant, le design pourrait aider à mieux concevoir une nouvelle génération d innovations, capables d agir sur les déterminants sociaux de la santé, favorisant ainsi la santé pour tous. Deuxièmement, le design pourrait contribuer à consolider la pérennité des systèmes de soin en privilégiant la conception de technologies pour tous, soit des technologies plus pertinentes, plus conviviales sur le plan organisationnel et plus viables économiquement. Enfin, je conclurai que pour que ces deux arrimages se réalisent et que le design déploie son plein potentiel, certains verrous économiques devront être levés. Il faudra notamment repenser de manière créative les modèles d affaires des entreprises qui développent les technologies médicales. Tying up the design for all to the technological development in health Wondering what design for all corresponds to in the vast health field calls to remind users as well as designer of new technologies. The progresses in the medical field not only are numerous and diversified, but also they raise economic and social issues. For instance, ensure the durability of the healthcare system represents a major challenge for all the countries around the world. Will we be able to continue to offer health services to all the citizens if medical technologies prove to be more expensive both on their development aspect and on their use? This presentation, which is based on various research projects about the use in a real context of medical technologies and on their conception in spin-off companies, has as objective to show two main lashing points between the industrial design discipline and the technological development in health. First of all, I will explain that design is an unknown and generally under-used resource in the health field. However, design could help to conceive better a new innovation generation, able to act on the social determinant of health, thus favouring the health for all. Secondly, design could contribute to consolidate the healthcare system durability by favouring the conception of technologies for all, that is to say more relevant technologies, more convivial from an organizational point of view and economically more viable. Finally, I will conclude that for the realisation of these two lashing points and for the deployment of the full design potential, some economic blocks should be removed. This will require a creative rethought of the 18 company business models which develop the medical technologies.

20 L outil de programmation est le fruit de la combinaison interactive de ces deux approches. Force est de constater que les réglementations qui s appliquent à ces lieux, forment un cadre normatif qui structure et contraint la vie au quotidien. L EHPAD est donc un habitat paradoxal, car tout à la fois lieu de vie, de soins, et de travail. A l issue, de cette exploration, nous avons fait le choix de proposer un outil d aide à la programmation, destiné à générer une autre manière d observer et de questionner le projet en amont de la conception. Design for all accommodation- feedback on a sensible programmatic approach of an EHPAD on the Saint-Etienne s territory Conceiving an accommodation adapted to dependent elderly people is a current and complex issue. The experimental mission, to which our team has been designated at the outcome of a national call for application launched by the PUCA and the Saint-Etienne Cité du design, has for main objective to make progress the programming and the conception of the Etablissement d Hébergement pour Personnes Agées Dépendantes (EHPAD) by a combined approach of the use analysis and of their operational translation. The Saint- Etienne Municipal Service of Social Action (CCAS), actor of the experimentation, opened us the doors of its establishments, with aim to integrate our thoughts to a given project. It allowed us to do what is usually impossible for any idea man in the framework of public market : meet the users and interrogate them directly on their place representations of the spaces where they live every day. We structured our reflection from the in situ observation to arrive to proposals exposed to the experimental program various interlocutors look. Combining our disciplines and exposing our experiences has been determining in the experimentation framework. Design is more disposed to conceive an object or a space from the use while the architect starts from the context and the subject and/or object mobility in the space to determine the cover. The programming tool is the result of the interactive combination of these two approaches. It is obvious that the regulations applied to these places, form a nominative frame that structures and constraints the life on a daily basis. So, the EHPAD is a paradoxical accommodation, due to the fact that it is at the same time a living, a care and a work place. At the end of this exploration, we made the choice to propose a programming support tool, predetermined to generate another way of observation and to question the project before the conception. 20

22 The People Olympics game ( ) est basé sur la compétition entre villes. Chaque ville monte une équipe de participants, qui reflètent la démographie locale. Les membres de l équipe enregistrent leur activité physique sur des appareils mobiles, qui fournissent toutes les données physiologiques nécessaires. Un système collecte les données et met à jour en direct l activité physique cumulée de la ville, et la compare avec celle des autres villes concurrentes. People Olympics promet de changer le comportement des individus, et s adresse à tous, jeunes et vieux, hommes et femmes, collaborant tous et concourant à travers leur activité physique, leurs activités sociales et de co-création dans leur vie quotidienne ordinaire. Il est largement reconnu qu une activité physique régulière est bénéfique à la santé et au bien-être de chacun. Cependant, People Olympics ne propose pas seulement ce bénéfice physique, mais aussi de rendre la ville plus agréable et conviviale. Les individus et la communauté du design seront engagés dans un développement co-créatif pour améliorer dans leur ville les aménagements et les infrastructures pour le bien-être (pistes cyclables, espaces verts pour courir, nouveaux parcours pour les sites culturels etc.) PEOPLE OLYMPICS FOR HEALTHY and ACTIVE LIVING FOR ALL : Unleashing the collective creative intelligence to drive systemic solutions for the aging society. The emergence of unprecedented Societal Challenges for the Humanity, as it is the case for health, demographic change and wellbeing, calls for a new extraordinary participation of the People in the Innovation process. New multidisciplinary approaches, at the confluence of design, technology and life sciences, are being established to enable Social Innovations, which are not only good for society but also enhance society capacity to act. There is a need to raise the consciousness of the people of their power to activate their collective creative intelligence and to drive systemic solutions for the aging society. Roberto Santoro, who has contributed in a leading role in establishing the European Network of Living Labs, is happy to share his new conceptual development of People Social Innovation Platforms and its flagship initiative : PEOPLE OLYMPICS FOR HEALTHY and ACTIVE LIVING The 10000s strong teams competing for their city Wellbeing, fun and social transformation. The People Olympics game ( ) is based on competing cities. Each city has a team of participants, which reflect that city demographics. The members of the team track their physical activity trough portable devices, which provide all the physiological data. A system collects all data and updates the real time cumulative fitness activities at city level, and compares it with the value of the other competing cities. People Olympics promises to change the behaviour of people and it is dedicated to ALL young and old, male and female, collaborating and competing through their daily physical, social and co-creation activities in their normal living scenarios. It is widely recognized that regular physical exercise is beneficial to health and wellbeing of people. However, People Olympics offer citizens not only this physical benefit but the possibility of making their city more pleasant and enjoyable. The People and the Design community will be engaged in the co-creative development for improving their city wellbeing facilities and infrastructures (more cycling lanes, more jogging green areas, new routes for cultural sites, etc.). 22

25 L évaluation de toutes les composantes du système dans des environnements cliniques réels joue un rôle majeur avant de sortir un nouveau produit sur le marché. Le design en tant qu outil clé dans la démarche R&D transmet la qualité et la valeur de notre entreprise au travers de nos produits. Il est parfois difficile de comprendre les besoins de nos patients. La gravité des problèmes est souvent difficile à appréhender et surtout difficile à simuler sans un sujet réel. Nous avons donc décidé de faire venir le patient et le thérapeute dans le bureau d études. Créer notre propre centre de recherche de mise en pratique clinique de la taille d une entreprise de 15 personnes. Pour créer un lien direct entre les besoins du patient et l éventail de compétences de nos designers. De cette façon nous changeons la fonction du design passant d une activité parallèle en processus majeur. Nous pouvons maintenant comprendre les besoins de nos clients. Notre prochaine étape sera de transférer nos solutions thérapeutiques aux logements des patients, pour leur fournir un meilleur accès aux thérapies intensives à coût raisonnable. Designing the future of rehabilitation Our society is aging. So the number of people who need therapy, care and help in their daily life tasks is growing rapidly. Furthermore we are all expecting to age healthy, be independent and have a high quality of life while aging. Regaining sensible function after a stroke for instance requires constant training and guidance, furthermore immense motivation. This means there are great challenges ahead of us but also great new possibilities through the application of emerging technologies. Intelligent rehabilitation devices using common state robotics and sensory technology are the next step in giving patients new perspectives to an independent and worthwhile life. The interesting thing about our company is that we actually create unique new products from scratch and move it into the rehabilitation market. Since we have limited resources available we are working in changing project teams throughout the design process involving matching specialist on the way. Guided by our vision the project is evolving from stage to stage incorporating the various competencies of all important stakeholders. Evaluation of all system components in real clinical environments plays a major role before releasing a new product into the market. Design as a key tool in the R&D process transports the quality and values of our company through our products. Sometimes it s difficult to understand the needs of our patients. The severity of the problems is very often hard to grasp and rather impossible to simulate without the real subject. So we decided to move the patient and the therapist right into the engineering department. Creating our own Clinical Application Research Centre at a company size of 15 people. To create a direct connection between the needs of the patient and the solution competence of our designers. This way we changed usability design from a side activity to a core process. Now we can understand the needs of our customer. Our next step will be in moving our therapy solutions into the patient homes, giving them a better access to intensive therapy at reasonable costs. 25

27 While healthcare systems have been actively engaged in trying to facilitate necessary changes from within, this has often proved unsuccessful. Entrenched interests and bureaucratic systems are incredibly resistant to new thinking. The HDL has been able to build collaborative relationships with local healthcare organizations to look for ways to suggest change from a new outside perspective. As experts in creative thinking and applied human-centred design research, we are able to recommend new ways of considering problems that are evidence-based as well as innovative. This presentation will document this research process by showcasing several projects that have been successfully implemented or piloted in local healthcare facilities. These include: building a sense of workplace community to reduce Residential Care Aide injuries due to patient lifts ; use of interactive mechanisms to boost hand hygiene compliance ; reconsidering nursing shift handover procedures to reduce sentinel events. 27

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