..Neither ADO nor A1 or A2 receptor stimulation induce significant changes in total collagen synthesis. These data suggest that ADO is not a major regulator of ECM synthesis in rat and human mesangial cells...

..TGF-β1 stimulated ECM synthesis and proliferation, although ECM synthesis was higher and proliferation lower in H-ras(-/-) than in WT fibroblasts. Hence, H-Ras activation seems to play a key role in the regulation of these effects...

Involvement of reactive oxygen species on gentamicin-induced mesangial cell activation

..As expected, we found lower levels of activated Akt in the kidneys and cultured fibroblasts of the knockout. Whether Ras inhibition will turn out to prevent progression of renal fibrosis will require more direct studies...

Osteoprotegerin is associated with cardiovascular risk in hypertension and/or diabetes

..Ras GTPases are considered cytoplasmic proteins that must be localized to cell membranes for activation, and there are few evidences of the presence of any Ras isoform in nuclei of eukaryotic cells...

..PI3K-Akt pathway activation may be involved in the increase in ECM synthesis observed in the absence of H- and N-Ras...

Peripheral and central arterial pressure and its relationship to vascular target organ damage in carotid artery, retina and arterial stiffness. Development and validation of a tool. The Vaso risk study

..All of these facts have encouraged many scientists to perform their research on mechanism causing DN, improving our knowledge of its pathogenesis. In this review we summarize the most relevant facts on the physiopathology of DN...

[Subclinical and established kidney disease in recently diagnosed hypertensive patients]