The Dangerous Practice of Early Clamping of the Umbilical Cord,
"Another thing very injurious to the child, is the tying and cutting of the navel string too soon; which should always be left till the child has not only repeatedly breathed but till all pulsation in the cord ceases. As otherwise the child is much weaker than it ought to be, a portion of the blood being left in the placenta, which ought to have been in the child."

"Mothers aren't behind a vogue for caesareans," By Gene Declercq and Judy Norsigian | April 3, 2006
"TOO POSH to push." The headline, which originated in British tabloids, has been used to capture what is claimed as a trend toward an increasing number of medically elective caesareans requested by upper-class mothers. A just concluded National Institutes of Health meeting on the topic of ''Maternal Request Caesareans," both by the mere title of the conference and its draft report, suggests such a trend exists and that it contributes to a record caesarean rate in the United States.

Optimum Foetal Positioning: Randomised controlled trial of effect of hands and knees posturing on incidence of occiput posterior position at birth, BMJ.com

Optimal Foetal Positioning: HomeBirth Reference Site. Get Your Baby Lined Up! Optimum Foetal Positioning. 'Optimal Foetal Positioning' is a theory developed by a midwife, Jean Sutton, and Pauline Scott, an antenatal teacher, who found that the mother's position and movement could influence the way her baby lay in the womb in the final weeks of pregnancy. Many difficult labours result from 'malpresentation', where the baby's position makes it hard for the head to move through the pelvis, so changing the way the baby lies could make birth easier for mother and child.

Safety of Alternative Approaches to Childbirth
A dissertation submitted to the department of sociology and the committee on graduate studies of Stanford University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy
Peter F. Schlenzka
March 1999

Simkin, P. (1991) Just Another Day in a Woman's Life? Women's Long-Term Perception of Their First Birth Experience. Birth 18: 203-210