Login

Abstract

The emergence of a community pathogen depends on its ability to survive in different environments & to interact
successfully with the host. Staphylococcus aureus has a broad pathogenic potential causing a wide range of
community acquired as well as nosocomial infections. Staphylococcus aureus infections are associated with
morbidity in hospitals & community. The organism has been found to be the most common bacterial agent
recovered from blood stream infections, skin & soft tissue infections, pneumonia & hospital – acquired post -
operative wound infections. Study of early isolates of MRSA showed that a key genetic component responsible for
resistance, mecA, is not native to the S. aureus genome. The main aim is to find out the antibiotic susceptibility
patterns of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. Materials and methods: A total of two hundred & five
different samples from different clinical specialties like surgery, orthopedics, pediatrics etc. This study was carried
out between the periods Jan 2015 to 2017. All clinical specimens such as urine, pus, sputum/throat swab, blood,
pleural fluid etc. were collected. All the samples were aseptically handled and processed in the Department of
Microbiology. Result: A total of 205 isolates from different clinical specimens were studied. This study was
carried in the Department of Microbiology, at JLN Hospital and Research Centre, Bhilai. The distribution of cases
from different clinical wards, majority were from surgical wards 34.14% (70), in that MRSA was 35.71% (25) &
MSSA was 64.28% (45) followed by medicine wards 21.95% (45), in that MRSA & MSSA were 33.33% (15) &
66.66% (30), respectively OBG wards 14.63% (30), in that MRSA & MSSA were 23.33% (07) & 76.66% (23),
orthopedics wards 12.19% (25), in that MRSA & MSSA were 48% (12) & 52% (13), pediatrics wards 04.87%
(10),in that MRSA & MSSA were 40% (04) & 60% (06) respectively. Men were more prone to acquire the
infection by MRSA strain. Among these most of the MRSA strain were from the men over the age of 61-70 & >70
yrs which shows that old age was a definite risk factor concerning MRSA infections. Followed by the age group
between 51 – 60 years and 21.73% (10) in 21 – 30 years. The MRSA were seen to be highly sensitive to
Vancomycin & Rifampicin which showed 100% sensitivity and also for Amoxicillin (77.77%), Amikacin
(61.19%). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus infections are important causes of morbidity in hospitals & the
community also. The spectrum of disease produced by this organism varies from toxin-mediated phenomenon to
pyogenic, acute or chronic infections either primary or post-operative both in the community as well as in
hospitals. Staphylococcus aureus has been known to acquire resistance to most antibiotics including the
penicillinase resistant ones like methicillin, oxacillin. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is
known to be more virulent than the sensitive ones. MRSA strains have been responsible for outbreaks of
nosocomial infection worldwide. As has happened several times in the antibiotic era, this will inevitably promote
the emergence of the next wave of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains.