In general, we use a lot of electrical and electronic components while making the circuits and electronics projects. The basic components mainly include resistors, capacitors, transistors, diodes, LEDs, inductors, thyristors or SCR (silicon controlled rectifiers), ICs (integrated circuits), and so on. Let us think the rectifiers which are categorized into two types namely diodes (uncontrolled rectifiers) and thyristors (controlled rectifiers). Actually, many engineering students, electronic hobbyists wish to know the basic function of an electrical and electronics components. But, here in this article gives an overview of the silicon controlled rectifier and its characteristics.

The most popular semiconductor technology (MOSFET technology) obtainable today is the CMOS technology. The term CMOS stands for complementary MOS technology. This is the most important semiconductor technology for ASICs, microprocessors, memories, etc. The main benefit of CMOS technology over NMOS and Bipolar technology is the power dissipation – when the circuit activates then only the power dissipates. This allows fitting several CMOS gates on an IC (integrated circuit) than in Bipolar & NMOS technology. This article discusses the CMOS and NMOS technology difference and its advantages.

There are various types of inductors are available in the market based on its ratings and sizes and ratings. Their physical sizes differ from small sizes to the enormous transformer, based on the AC frequency being used and power being handled. An Inductor is one of the basic electrical components used in much wider application areas namely signal controlling, voltage stabilization, noise elimination, automobile operations, power electronic equipment, etc. At the present time, the designing improvement technique of an inductor enhances major performance on rest of the circuit.

Different Types of Inductors

An inductor is also termed as a coil, reactor, or choke, is a two-terminal electrical component used to build various electrical and electronic circuits. An inductor is used to store energy in the form of a magnetic field. It consists of a wire, generally twisted into a coil. When a current flows through it, energy will be stored temporarily in the coil. An extreme inductor is equivalent to a short circuit for DC and allows a reverse force to AC that depends on the frequency of the current.

Types of Inductors

A diverse electronic component used in an extensive range of applications needs various kinds of inductors. These are available in different sizes that include the wire wound and also multilayer inductors. Different sorts of inductors are power supply line inductors, high-frequency inductors, or power inductors, inductors for general circuits. Separation of the inductors is based on the kind of the core used as well as winding.

How Inductor Works?

An inductor is frequently referred to as AC resistor. It opposes the changes in the current and stores energy in the type of the magnetic field. These are very simple in assembly, comprising of the copper wire coils wounded on a core. This core might be air or magnetic. The applications of different types of inductors include in advanced applications like WPT (wireless power transfer).

How Inductors work

Working of Inductor

Magnetic cores may be E-type or toroidal cores. Materials such as ceramic, powered iron, ferrite, are used for this core. The coil-carrying the electric current produces the magnetic field around the conductor. Additional magnetic lines are generated if the core is located inside the coil offered high permeability of the core is used.
The magnetic field stimulates EMF in the coil which results in a flow of current. According to Lenz’s law, the induced current resists the cause, which is the applied voltage.

Hence inductor opposes the variations in input current that guides to change in the magnetic field. This decrease of the current flow due to the induction is named inductive reactance. This will boost if the number of rolls in the coil is improved. It also stores the energy as magnetic field through charging and discharging processes and releases the energy while switching the circuit. Application areas of inductors include analog circuits, signal processing, etc.

Air Core Inductor

In air core inductor, the core is completely not present and gives high reluctance pathway for the magnetic flux, thus less inductance. These types of inductors have superior coils to generate higher flux densities. The applications of Air Core Inductor include in high-frequency applications such as TV and also radio receivers.

Air Core Inductor

Ferro Magnetic or Iron Core Inductors

Ferro Magnetic or Iron Core Inductors have high inductance property due to their higher magnetic permeability. These types of inductors are high power inductors but incomplete in higher frequency capacity due to the current losses namely eddy and hysteresis. The best example of these types of inductors is transformer designs.

Iron Core Inductor

Ferrite Core Inductors

These are the different types of inductors which offer advantages of decreased cost and low core losses at high frequencies. Ferrite is a metal oxide ceramic based on a mixture of Ferric Oxide Fe2O3. Soft ferrites are used for the core construction to reduce the hysteresis losses.

Ferrite Core Inductor

Toroidal Core Inductors

In toroidal core inductors, a coil is wounded on a toroid circular former. Flux leakage is very low in this type of inductor. However special winding machines are required to design this type of inductor. Sometimes ferrite core is also used to decrease the losses in this design.

Toroidal Core Inductor

Bobbin based Inductors

In Bobbin based Inductors, the coil is wounded on the bobbin. Bobbin wound inductor designs vary widely in terms of power rating, voltage and current levels, operating frequency, etc. These are mostly used in switch mode power supplies and power conversion applications.

Bobbin Based Inductor

Multi-Layer Inductors

A multilayer inductor includes two conductive coil patterns which are set in two layers in the upper part of a multi-layered body. The coils of this inductor are connected electrically in a successive manner in series to two more conductive coil patterns inclined in the lower part of the multi-layered body. The application of multilayer inductors includes mobile communication systems and also noise suppression applications.

Multilayer Inductor

Thin Film Inductors

Thin film inductors are entirely different from the usual chip-type inductors which wound with copper wire. In this type of inductors, minute inductors are shaped using thin-film processing to make the chip inductor for high-frequency (ranges from about nano Henry) applications.

Thin Film Inductor

I hope this article has been useful and intriguing. So here is a basic question for you –What is the function of inductors in electrical circuits? Please give your answer in the comment section below. You also feel free to share your perceptions about this article and ideas.

The 8051 microcontroller was designed in the year 1980 by Intel. Intel re-intended 8051 microcontroller was employed CMOS technology and also the latest edition came into existence with a letter C in the name of the title, for design; microcontroller 80C51 rather than NMOS technology. There are two buses in 8051 microcontrollers one for data and other for a program. This microcontroller includes an 8-bit accumulator and the 8-bit processing unit. It also includes 8-bit B register as majorly functioning blocks and microcontroller programming is done with embedded c language using Keil software. For internal working and processing microcontroller comes with inbuilt RAM. This memory is used for storing the temporary data. It is the random memory that is; its data can get be lost when the power supply to the microcontroller turned OFF. There are various applications with this microcontroller. So, 8051 microcontroller projects have great significance in engineering.
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The thermal image sensor is a benefit to the equipped forces such as the army, air force and navy as of its day and night working ability to do well in all weather conditions. Thermal detectors capture the IR radiation produced by all substances above complete zero temperature. The temperature differences of the captured pictures are signified as a thermogram. With the beginning of IR detector technology, the immense cooled thermal detectors have moving components and difficult cryogenic temperatures have distorted into small, thereby assembling systems harsher requiring less protection.

Thermal imaging has a variety of advantages as well as a large number of applications in defence and military. It is commonly used by the army and navy for border surveillance, law enforcement, in ship collision avoidance and also guidance systems. In the aviation industry, it has very much mitigated the hazards of flying in low-light and nighttime situations. They are extensively used in military aviation to recognize, place and goal the enemy forces. In recent times, they are also being included in civil aviation for health observing of aircrafts.