Just one area of interest is the amount of water used per unit energy. Mr. Murdock claims it typically takes three gallons of water per million Btu of energy from fracking natural gas as compared with 11 gallons for nuclear power, 23 gallons for coal, and 15,800 gallons for corn ethanol.

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Professor of Physics at Oberlin College. I was originally trained as a condensed matter experimentalist. In the last 15 years my research has focused on photovoltaic devices, PV arrays, wind energy, energy efficiency, and energy use in buildings.