An aneurysm is a weak spot in the wall of a blood vessel, which can cause the blood vessel to bulge. The most common aneurysms occur in the aorta, the large artery that sends blood from the heart to the rest of the body. A ruptured aneurysm can cause hemorrhaging (severe bleeding), which is often fatal.

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Aortic Aneurysm: What You Need to Know

Aneurysms may be characterized by a severe, pulsing pain in the chest (thoracic aneurysm) or lower back (abdominal aneurysm).

Many aneurysms are caused by atherosclerosis, a buildup of fatty plaque in the artery. People with certain connective tissue disorders may also be at risk.

Treatment is based on an aneurysm’s size and rate of growth. Surgery is often needed to repair the aneurysm and avert a potential rupture.

New, minimally invasive surgery for aortic aneurysm can shorten recovery times for some patients. For others an open or hybrid procedure may be best.

Smoking is such a strong risk factor for aneurysms that Medicare now covers a one-time screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm for smokers over 65.