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Task No.1 Criteria P1a (Unit 4) The following Key factors have effected the development of the Aviation Industry:-
Low cost Airlines- A low-cost carrier or low-cost airline is an airline That offers generally low fares in exchange for eliminating many traditional passenger services.
Low cost airlines affect the aviation industry in two ways:
1. Since, these airlines are economical therefore it
is easier for the middle class to go by air.
2. Less time consuming, therefore people prefer to go by No frill airline instead of trains.

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Indigo Airlines

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Indigo Airlines is a private domestic low-cost airline based in Gurgaon, Haryana, India. It operates domestic services linking 17 destinations. Its main base is Delhi's Indira Gandhi International Airport. It was awarded the title of ‘Best Domestic Low Cost Carrier’ in India for 2008. The airline commenced operations on 4 August 2006 with a service from Delhi to Imphal via Guwahati. The airline is owned by Inter Globe Enterprises. It took delivery of its first Airbus A320 aircraft on 28 July 2006 and received six aircraft during 2006. Nine more aircraft were delivered in 2007 taking the total to 15. Former US Airways Executive Vice-President, Marketing and Planning Bruce Ashby joined Indigo Airlines as their Chief Executive Officer. The airline has also acquired 3 parking spots in Indira Gandhi International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport. Introduction:- History &achievements:-

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LOW COST AIRLINES- The low cost airlines has effected the development of aviation sector but in a positive way. Earlier travelling in airlines was a dream for many but after wallet friendly airlines came, it made it easy for the middle class to travel to skies but It has adversely affected the quality of service provided by the airline companies. Quality of service is becoming worse day by day.... In India, civil aviation sector grew manifold over the last few years. The airline industry has witnessed the entry of fairly good number of new players providing services to commuters across India. Simultaneously, to live with the cutthroat competition, domestic airlines in India have made it to offer discount rates for flights connecting the key destinations including Mumbai, Kolkata, Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Goa, etc. Anyone can now avail the services of cheap domestic airlines in India.

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Increased number of domestic Airlines Southwest Airlines, is the largest domestic "low cost" airline.
DOMESTIC AIRLINES affect the aviation industry in many ways:
It made the aviation industry competitive and lowers ticket prices.
Air traffic has increased.
Due to Comfort, Convenience and Cost air travel is
now affordable to many people.
An increase in travel also helps in building the infrastructure. The airport collect more in landing fees.

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India's improving economy. Improving economy has affected the aviation industry in the following ways:
Consumers have capacity to afford air travel.
Consumers have money to spend on tourism, religious tourism and business trips etc.
Competition amongst the Air lines has resulted in sharp decline in air fares.
The importance of time spent on traveling has been understood by the consumers. There has been phenomenal growth in the Indian aviation sector in 2007-08. India has jumped to 9th position in world's aviation market from 12th in 2006 As per the Ministry of Civil Aviation, the airline business is growing at 27 per cent per annum in India. During 2007, the domestic airline passenger traffic has shown a growth of 32.51 per cent. Further, the scheduled domestic air services are now available from 82 airports as against 75 in 2006

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India’s improving economy-The economy of India, measured in USD exchange-rate terms, is the twelfth largest in the world, with a GDP of around $1 trillion. It recorded a GDP (Gross domestic product) growth rate of 9.0% for the financial year 2007–2008 which makes it the second fastest big emerging economy, after China, in the world. Aviation industry helps in generating tourism, expediting exports / imports. this industry runs well to improve even foreign exchange for India too. Increase of tourists helps improve hotel sales and other business also.

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Task no.1 Criteria P1b (Unit 4) Following task is based on the various parts of the Aircrafts and its communication systems:-

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Parts of Aircraft

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The hinged part of the vertical stabilizer is called the rudder; it is used to deflect the tail to the left and right as viewed from the front of the fuselage.
The hinged part of the horizontal stabilizer is called the elevator; it is used to deflect the tail up and down.
The outboard hinged part of the wing is called the aileron; it is used to roll the wings from side to side.
Most airliners can also be rolled from side to side by using the spoilers. Spoilers are small plates that are used to disrupt the flow over the wing and to change the amount of force by decreasing the lift when the spoiler is deployed. The spoilers are also used during landing to slow the plane down and to counteract the flaps when the aircraft is on the ground. The next time you fly on an airplane, notice how the wing shape changes during takeoff and landing.
The wings have additional hinged, rear sections near the body that are called flaps. Flaps are deployed downward on takeoff and landing to increase the amount of force produced by the wing. On some aircraft, the front part of the wing will also deflect.
Slats are used at takeoff and landing to produce additional force.
The fuselage or body of the airplane, holds all the pieces together.
The pilots sit in the cockpit at the front of the fuselage. Passengers and cargo are carried in the rear of the fuselage. Some aircraft carry fuel in the fuselage; others carry the fuel in the wings.

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Communication system used in Aircrafts Cabin interphone system- Cabin interphone system is the system in which crew members can talk to each other interphones situated in galleys, cockpit. The crew members can access to captain through interphones.
Passenger address system- Passenger address system is used to address passengers. Various announcements and information's are given to the passenger from all handsets and the flight deck.
Passenger call system- Passenger call system helps the passenger to call the attendant/hostess. A button is present, on the overhead PSU or on the armrest of every seat. On activating it, there is a sound with the passenger call light illuminating.

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Lavatory call system- Lavatory call system is used when some emergency happens in lavatory and passenger needs to call the crew member then he/she can call the attendant by activating the switch present located near the wash basin(marked in red). The call light then illuminates outside that lavatory and in the galley and door panels.
Passenger Signs- Passenger signs are the signs which are present on the overhead passenger service unit. These are mainly ‘NO SMOKING’, ‘FASTEN SEAT BELT’ .

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Seat Belts- Seat belts are one of the most important safety and evacuation features of Airbus. It is not only used at the time of take off and landing but also in the emergency situation such as crash landing and ditching. Task no.1 Criteria P2a&b
The safety and Evacuation features of Airbus A-300 are as follows :-

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Slide Rafts- An evacuation device which inflates automatically upon opening of the door of an aircraft in an emergency mode. The passenger has to sit and slide to evacuate in emergency situation. The slide raft is detachable from the aircraft so that the passengers can seat on these slide rafts and float in water. For helping passengers all slide rafts are equipped with- Sea marker, heaving lines, survival kit, fresh water, locator beacon, air pump, sea anchor etc.

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Emergency Exit- The doors and windows used in emergency to evacuate are called Emergency Exits. These exits are used in emergency situation as well as in normal situation but they are called Emergency Exits only at the time of emergency otherwise it is said as Normal Exits.

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Life Vest- Life Vest is used at the time ditching. Life Vest help the sole to float on the water. The Sole has to only inflate the Life vest at the door and enter into the water. Life vest is kept under the seat of passenger.

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Flow path lights- These lights are situated on the isle between the seats. If the plane crash lands and the lights of the aircraft goes of then these emergency lights starts working. These emergency lights have their own battery and are not connected with the normal lighting of the aircraft. Seat Bottom Cushion- These are used at the time of ditching. They are placed on the seat on which the passenger sit. Seat bottom cushion are provided on board or Life vest(any one).

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Cockpit- Cockpit is the forward part of the Aircraft. It is behind the nose of the Aircraft. This is the part from where the whole Aircraft is handled. There are total 3 seats situated in cockpit. Two are for Captain and First Officer and third is for ACM (Additional crew member). There is a Automatic Bulletproof door. There are windows for emergency exits. There is a crash axe in the cockpit to open the windows at the time of emergency exits. There`s a rope at the overhead of the captain and first officer to help them in getting down of the Aircraft at the time of emergency. This method is called Leg Body Leg method.

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Cargo- Cargo is the part of the Aircraft where all baggage and luggage as well as pets, plants, goods, medicine, mails, couriers of the passenger are kept. Cargo is at the belly(bottom) of the Aircraft. There are three compartments in Cargo. They are as follow:-
Forward Cargo
Aft Cargo
Bulk Cargo

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2. Aft Cargo- This is the cargo compartment where the pets, plants and Dead bodies are kept. 3. Bulk cargo- This is the cargo compartment where the goods, Medicines, Mails, Couriers of the passengers are kept. Forward cargo- This is the compartment were the baggage and luggage of the passenger is kept.

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CONCLUSION-
FROM THIS ASSIGNMENT , I come to Know ABOUT THE VARIOUS LOW COST AIRLINES PRESENT IN INDIA & HOW THEY AFFECTED BY IMPROVING ECONOMY OF INDIA and SAFTY & EVACUATION FEATURES OF AIRBUS 300. AND ABOUT COCKPIT & CARGO.

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A range of personal attributes required by the cabin crew to carry out their Role and Responsibilities effectively. Good Communication skill
Confidence
Well Groomed
Punctual
Smiling face
Adaptability
Diplomacy
Attitude

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Patience
Technical Knowledge
General Knowledge
Judgment
Tact
Convincing Power
Presence of mind
Team Work
Hard Working
Maturity

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In a role play designed by our faculty, I was given a Lunch service on the position of L3 (Assist Person) in flight service on Airbus A-300. While doing the service I kept certain things in my mind such as:-
Serve water on a silver tray.
Carry 8 Glass of Water with coaster.
Do Clearance on a Plastic/Melamine tray.
Use tongs for service and clearance certain things such as cold towels, casserole etc
Use green tong for serving Veg and Red tong Non-Veg.
Start serving from window seat.
But if a lady is sitting on the Aisle seat and a gentleman is sitting on the window seat then first serve the lady.
While serving never show the elbow to the Passenger. Always keep hand changing. Serve by right hand to the Port Side and by Left hand to the Star board side.
While serving by tong never show the tong to the passenger as it is insulting to the passenger. Keep the tong in the hand below the tray.

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Conclusion-
FROM THIS TASK I understood what is CABIN CREW ,THEIR WORK AND THE QUALITIES THEY MUST HAVE REQUIRED and I also understood how to give services and things to remember while doing service

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A range of different type of passengers, with special requirements, procedure of identification and handling and also the embarkation and disembarkation procedures for these for those passengers are as follows.
The different types of Special handling passenger are:-
Unaccompanied minor- unaccompanied minor is the
passenger who is below the age of 18 years and travelling alone. The special services given to them are-
They are boarded first and deplaned last.
He is handed over to the cabin crew of the respective area by the ground staff.
The documentation and papers are given to the cabin crew.
Emergency procedures such as fastening of seat belts, usage of oxygen masks is told to the UNM.
They are shown the way to galley, toilets, and crew seats.

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Infirm and invalid passengers – wheelchair pax (WCHR)
These passengers are those passengers which needs that extra attention as they are physically handicap or are suffering from or recovering from a serious illness.
They are given special attention. These passengers are boarded first and deplaned last. They are seated near the lavatory.
They are served first with special diet.
Mentally challenged person:- These are the passengers which may look physically fit but are mentally unbalanced.
They are boarded first and deplaned last.
Special care is taken of these passenger.

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Conclusion-
From this task I came to know about various passengers and special services provided to them and special handling done to them.

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Introduction This section of the assignment gives you information regarding airbus A-300 to A380 passenger carrier and a research on the current scenario in the aviation industry with active references to the latest aircraft, safety equipments, and upgraded in flight services in a competitive scenario.

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What is Airbus? Airbus is one of the world’s leading aircraft manufactures, and it consistently capture approximately half or more of all orders for airlines with more than 100 seats.

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AIRBUS A-300 The airbus A 300 is short to medium range wide body aircraft. Launched in 1972,the A-300 was very advanced and influenced later subsonic airline designs, the technological highlights include:
Advanced wings.
First airliner to be fitted with wind shear
protection glass.
Electrically controlled braking system.
Glass cockpit flight instruments.
There are 8 exits in a300

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AIRBUS A-300 The airbus A 300 is short to medium range wide body aircraft. Launched in 1972,the A-300 was very advanced and influenced later subsonic airline designs, the technological highlights include:
Advanced wings.
First airliner to be fitted with wind shear protection glass.
Electrically controlled braking system.
Glass cockpit flight instruments.
There are 8 exits in A300

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Airbus A350 will be built on technologies development for the airbus A380 and will have a similar cockpit and fly-by-wire system layout.
A cabin cross section of 220inches/5.58mtr from armrest.
Purity of cabin air is provided by gaseous filter and ozone/volatile organic compound converter.
Use of latest technologies . AIRBUS A350

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CABIN A350

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HOW AIRBUS A-380 LOOK?

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AIRBUS A380

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AIRBUS A-380 The new airbus A-380 is a double-deck wide body. Four engine airline manufacture by Europe.
The large passenger airline in the world, it designed to carry 555 passenger in the class configuration
A-380 is a also termed as the “super jumbo” of aviation industry.
A380 provides more than 80% of the floor place than A300
A380 also possess some luxury area as the gymnasiums, bar, beauty salon, etc for more passenger comfort.
Lower fuel consumption .
Noise level is lower of any existing aircraft.
Window is also bigger, provide more natural light.
Wireless Network Will Provides Wireless Broad Band Internet .

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A380 is the first aircraft to evacuate 853 passenger in 80 seconds during an emergency test.

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How safe is flying? Flying On A Modern Jet Aircraft Such As Any Member Of airbus family is amongst the safety and most reliable forms of travel. All airbus aircraft meet the certification requirement of aviation authorities worldwide. Airbus work in hand with these authorities to ensure standards are maintained and enhanced.

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TECHNICAL DIFFRENCE BETWEEN
A-300 & A380

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TECHNOLOGICAL COMPARISION BETWEEN
A300 AND A380’ On entry into service in 1974 , the A300 was very advanced and influenced later subsonic airline designs. The technological highlights include:
Advanced wings
Supercritical aerofoil section for economical performance.
first airliner to be fitted with wind shear protection glass.
Advanced autopilots capable of flying the aircraft from landing.
Electrically controlled braking system.
Glass cockpit flight instruments.
The first airliner to use wingtip fences for better aerodynamics.
Airbus pioneered the use of advanced composite materials incorporating them in secondary structures such as tailfin leading edges.

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In cockpit technology of the a300/ a310 family, the a310 featured the first cockpit ever certificated for a two member flight crew on a large airliner .
Electrically signaling was also been used initially on the a310 for secondary flight control systems
Advanced autopilots capable of flying the aircraft from landing.
Electrically controlled braking system.

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Advantages and Disadvantages of the current scenario in the aviation industry. Advantages:-
The aviation industry directly contributes to the GDP.
Everyone can afford to fly.
Better international airport are coming up.
The price should reflect actual cost of flying.
Growth opportunity for pilot.
For crew members
Travel to New places.
Early age earning.
Allowances, Free tickets.
Free medical treatment.
High salary packages.
Free Cuisine out of the country.
Appreciation from Passengers.

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Disadvantages:-
Some airlines had cancelled all flights on routes that are un economic.
Some airlines raise prices to cover higher fuel cost.
Airline increased their extra charges such as baggage handling to cover over all increased cost.
For crew members
Very risky.
Limited Flying
Cannot choose Destination
Shouting from Passenger.
Cleaning the Washroom and vomits.
Taking care of medical passengers.
Handling Drunk Passenger with Abusive behavior.
No social life.
Fatigue.
Jet lag.

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A-300- The Airbus A300 is a short- to medium-range wide body aircraft. Launched in 1972 as the world's first twin-engined wide body. The Beluga is capable of carrying loads of just over 1,500m³ or up to 47t (103,616lb) over a distance of 900 nautical miles. Lighter loads are transported over longer distances, for example, 40t to 1,500 nautical miles and 26t to a range of over 2,500 nautical miles. A-380- The 555 seat Airbus A380-800, with a non-stop range of 8,000nm, was launched in December 2000. "The A380's maximum operating speed is Mach 0.89 and the range is 15,000km.""The A380 has twin-aisle cabins on the upper and lower decks, with 49% more floor space for 35% higher seating capacity.""The A380 is equipped with four 70,000lb thrust engines“. "The aircraft can complete a 180° turn within a width of 56.5m, within the 60m width dimension of standard runways." Comparing A-300 with latest technology:-

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As per my opinion, Airbus A-380 is better than Airbus A-300 because the Airbus new design Superjumbo, the A380, is the world's first twin-deck, twin-aisle airliner.
Advantages of the A380 include lower fuel burn per seat and lower operating costs per seat. The size of the aircraft also allows for a surprising number of configurations for different airlines, such as these luxury beds.

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I fit as a successful Flight Steward in one of the best Airlines. According to me, my future is very secured in the aviation industry because in last three years aviation industry has developed a lot and also because I am a deserving person for this industry.
This research proved knowledgeable to me. It gave me a lot of knowledge of Aviation Industry, Hospitality and Travel and Tourism. I came to know about lots of fact of this industry such as :-
Working of this industry.
Working of the Employees.
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Aviation industry.
Latest technology used in this industry.
Factors affecting the aviation industry.
Service rendering.

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Current scenario: The Indian aviation industry has shown continued growth in recent years with key drivers being positive economic factors (including high GDP growth), industrial performance, corporate profitability/expansion, higher disposable incomes and growth in consumer spending as well as wider availability of low fares. The current growth rate in domestic and international travel exceeds 25%, the highest in the world. In the period April-September, the total aircraft movements witnessed an increase of 29.6% year-on-year to 494.92 thousand aircraft movements, as compared to 318.89 thousand during April-September. The Indian domestic market grew at almost 50% in the first half of 2008. On average, full service carriers are shedding a remarkable 1.5% of market share every month to low cost carriers.

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Future scenario:The aviation industry is expected to grow at a compounded annual growth rate of 25% till 2010. Also, by 2010 Indian airports will be handling between 90 and 100 million passengers per year, as against the current 34 million passengers. It is expected that nearly 80% of this growth will be driven by the low cost carrier segment (LCC). By 2008, the LCCs would capture 65% of the direct on-line air ticket market from 61% in 2005.

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Domestic market…will be the largest in the world currently domestic passenger market is growing at 50% source: airport authority of India / air Deccan prospectus “since the arrival of low cost airlines in India , market has been growing at over 20% per annum” rising income of urban middle class tiny domestic market…will be the largest in the world. Aviation industry in India : characteristics massive growth: expansion of air transport is the fastest in the world. To grow by 20-35% driven by lccs, - expected to grow @ 45.6% cargo - legacy carriers @ 10.6% cargo 50% growth in market capacity for the last 6 months – 500,000 seats added in nov 06! Current economy class seat capacity: 22,316. Future economy class seat capacity: 71,476. Market capacity to increase by 220% over the next 5 years. Booming economy: Gdp growth of 8%. Air transport will grow at twice gdp rate in India - 16% range in 2007 carriers operating in India has grown from two state-owned players in 1991 to eleven today. Lcc are stimulating growth and on a world wide perspective the most profitable fuel costs: 70% higher than international standards - not supporting ailing industry. Infrastructure, regulatory & government security deployment constraints fierce competition: India unique…no consolidation yet!

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Acknowledgement

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I would like to acknowledge and extend my heartfelt gratitude to the following persons who have made the completion of this assignment possible: Our Faculty, Ankur Mam, for her vital encouragement and support. Who was like a candle with us who took all the pain and gave light to us Frankfinn, for believing and understanding me and giving assistance.K. S. Kohli, Chairman, for the building such a wonderful institute. Most especially to my family and friendsAnd to God , who made all things possible.

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Conclusion-
This task helped me in knowing
more about Airbus A300 & a380. THIS task also SHOWS THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF AVIATION INDUSTRY. IT ALSO GIVE US KNOWLEDGE ABOUT FUTURE OF DOMESTIC AVIATION SECTOR.