The Motor Vehicle Fuel Efficiency Program (in effect since 1978) promotes improvements in new vehicle fuel efficiency by encouraging motor vehicle manufacturers to meet voluntary annual company average fuel consumption targets for new automobiles sold in Canada. Average fuel consumption targets are patterned after the US CAFE standards, although compliance is voluntary in Canada. NRCan works with the vehicle manufacturers through a voluntary Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on fuel efficiency. As part of Action Plan 2000, the Government of Canada is to launch negotiations with the automobile industry and the United States to achieve new voluntary fuel efficiency improvement targets for model year 2010 and phase in a significant improvement starting as early as 2004. This initiative will also implement a consumer education campaign to help move the market towards the purchase of more fuel-efficient vehicles and to improve clean driving habits and maintenance practices.