Author

Written by Norman Cramp, Director of the Darwin Military Museum.

Ernest Edward Jolly was born in Adelaide, South Australia (SA) in 1892 and was educated in that city prior to moving to Melbourne and then Darwin. His parents were Alfred and Ada. Alfred Jolly arrived in Australia in 1877 with 17 shillings in his pocket but by 1883 he was able to start the firm of Jolly and Luxton in Bennett Street, Darwin.

The Ross rifle. It loaded five rounds rather than ten. The bayonet fell off during firing. It was heavy, long, and prone to jamming because of dirt, of which there was plentiful supply on the trench warfare-dominated battlefields of the war.It was truly one of the worst guns to grace the battlefield.

Author

Written by Norman Cramp, Director of the Darwin Military Museum.

James Michael McDONALD was born at Gladesville, NSW, on 7th June 1889. He was the son of James and Kate McDonald; however, he was orphaned by the age of eleven and nothing is known of his upbringing between the time he was orphaned and his arrival in the NT. It is known that he became a qualified Carpenter during that period and sought work in the Northern Territory, being employed for a time by the Public Works Department of the Commonwealth government.

Photograph of a group of Great War medal recipients showing Sergeant James Michael McDonald, DCM, MID seated first on left, third row from back. (Source: AWM image)

Author

Paul Huard is an educator, analyst and historian, who writes about the military, foreign policy and U.S. political history.

The M-3 being used by soldiers in World War II.

The M3 was born out of the necessity to put inexpensive sub-machine guns in the hands of American soldiers and Marines quickly and cheaply.Dubbed the ‘Grease Gun’ by GI’s, the M-3 developed a reputation that kept it in the U.S. military inventory from World War II all the way through to Desert Storm in 1991.