Part 5, Subpart 5-1, Acceptable Methods for the Analysis of Contaminants in Drinking Water - Appendix 5C

Notice

The information contained on this website is not the official version of the Compilation of the Rules and Regulations of the State of New York (NYCRR). No representation is made as to its accuracy. To ensure accuracy and for evidentiary purposes, reference should be made to the Official Compilation of the Rules and Regulations of the State of New York, available from West Publishing at 1-800-344-5009.

Information regarding obtaining these documents can be obtained from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 800-426-4791. Documents may be inspected at EPA's Drinking Water Docket, 410 M Street, SW., Washington, DC 20460 (Telephone: 202-2603027); or at the Office of Federal Register, 800 North Capitol Street, NW., Suite 700, Washington, DC.

Because MDLs reported in EPA Methods 200.7 and 200.9 were determined using a 2X preconcentration step during sample digestion, MDLs determined when samples are analyzed by direct analysis (i.e., no sample digestion) will be higher. For direct analysis of cadmium and arsenic by Method 200.7, and arsenic by Method 3120 B samples preconcentration using pneumatic nebulization may be required to achieve lower detection limits. Preconcentration may also be required for direct analysis or antimony, lead, and thallium by Method 200.9; antimony and lead by Method 3113 B; and lead by Method D3559-90D unless multiple in-furnace depositions are made.

"Annual Book of ASTM Standards", 1994 and 1996, Vols. 11.01 and 11.02, American Society for Testing and Materials. The previous versions of D1688-95A, D1688-95C (copper), D3559-95D (lead), D1293-95 (pH), D1125-91A (conductivity) and D859-88, respectively are located in the "Annual Book of ASTM Standards", 1994, Vol. 11.01. Copies may be obtained from the American Society of Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.

"18th , and 19th editions of "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 1992 and 1995, respectively, American Public Health Association; any edition may be used. Copies may be obtained from the American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20005.

"Other" draws reference to other consensus organizations, such as USGS, or private sector company that has developed an approved analytical method.

"Methods for the Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples – Supplement I", EPA-600/R-94/111, May 1994. Available at NTIS, PB95-125472.

Method I-2601-90, "Methods for Analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory - Determination of Inorganic and Organic Constituents in Water and Fluvial Sediments", Open File Report 93-125, 1993; For Methods I-1030-85; I-1601-85; I-1700-85; I-2598-85; I-2700-85; and I-3300-85. See "Techniques of Water Resource Investigation of the U.S. Geological Survey", Book 5, Chapter A-1, 3rd Edition, 1989; Available from Information Services, U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, Box 25286, Denver, CO 80225-0425.

"Methods for the Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples", EPA-600/R-93/100, August 1993. Available at NTIS, PB94-120821.

If ultrasonic nebulization is used in the determination of arsenic by Methods 200.7, 200.8, or SM 3120B, the arsenic must be in the pentavalent state to provide uniform signal response. For Methods 200.7 and 3120B, both samples and standards must be diluted in the same mixed acid matrix concentration of nitric and hydrochloric acid with the addition of 100 m L of 30% hydrogen peroxide per 100 ml of solution. For direct analysis of arsenic with Method 200.8 using ultrasonic nebulization, samples and standards must contain one mg/L of sodium hypochlorite.

Method 100.1, "Analytical Method for Determination of Asbestos Fibers in Water", EPA-600/4-83-043, September 1983. Available at NTIS, PB83-260471.

Method 100.2, "Determination of Asbestos Structures Over 10 m m in Length in Drinking Water", EPA/600/R-94/134, June 1994. Available at NTIS, PB94-201902.

Samples may not be filtered. Samples that contain less than 1 NTU (nephelometric turbidity unit) and are properly preserved (concentrated nitric acid to pH<2) may be analyzed directly (without digestion) for total metals, otherwise, digestion is required. Turbidity must be measured on the preserved samples just prior to the initiation of metal analysis. When digestion is required, the total recoverable technique as defined in the method must be used.

Amperometric titration may be used for routine daily monitoring of chlorite at the entrance to the distribution system. Ion chromatography must be used for routine monthly monitoring of chlorite and additional monitoring of chlorite in the distribution system.

For the analysis of chlorite using SM 4500-ClO2-E , the version contained in the 19th Edition of "Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 1995, must be used.

Industrial Method No. 129-71W, "Fluoride in Water and Wastewater", December 1972, and Method NO. 380-75WE, "Fluoride in Water and Wastewater", February 1976, Technicon Industrial Systems. Copies may be obtained from Bran & Luebbe, 1025 Busch Parkway, Buffalo Grove, IL, 60089.

The description for Method Number 1001 for lead is available from Palintest, LTC, 21 Kenton Lands Road, P.O. Box 18395, Erlanger, KY 41018 or from Hach Company, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 8053.

"Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes", EPA-600/4-79/020, March 1983. Available at NTIS, PB-95-125472.

There are three technologies for which compliance determinations of total metals require an acid digestion of the sample even if the turbidity of the sample is less than 1 NTU. The three technologies and the applicable metals are cold vapor AA (mercury), DPASV (lead), and gaseous hydride AA (antimony, arsenic and selenium).

After January 23, 2006 analytical methods using the ICP-AES technology, may not be used because the detection limits for these methods are 0.008 mg/L or higher. This restriction means that the two ICP-AES methods (EPA Method 200.7 and SM 3120 B) approved for use for the MCL of 0.05 mg/L may not be used for compliance determinations for the revised MCL of 0.01mg/L. However, prior to 2005 systems may have compliance samples analyzed with these less sensitive methods

Sample collection for the inorganic chemicals under this section shall be conducted using the sample preservation, container, and maximum holding time procedures specified in the following table:

Parameter

Preservative1

Sample Holding Time2

Sample Container Size

Type of Container

Alkalinity

4oC

14 days

100 mL

Plastic or Glass

Aluminum

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Ammonia

4oC, H2SO4 to pH < 2

28 days

100 mL

Plastic or Glass

Antimony

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Arsenic

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Asbestos3

4oC

48 hours

800 mL in duplicate

Plastic or Glass

Barium

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Beryllium

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Bromate

50 mg/L EDA

28 days

100 mL

Plastic or Glass

Bromide

None

28 days

100 mL

Plastic or Glass

Cadmium

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Calcium

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Chloride

None

28 days

50 mL

Plastic or Glass

Chlorite

4oC, 50 mg/L EDA

14 days

100 mL

Plastic or Glass

Chromium

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Color

4oC

48 hours

50 mL

Plastic or Glass

Conductivity

4oC

28 days

100 mL

Plastic or Glass

Copper

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Cyanide

4oC, NaOH to pH >12, Ascorbic Acid4

14 days

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Fluoride

None

1 month

300 mL

Plastic or Glass

Foaming Agents

4oC

48 hours

500 mL

Plastic or Glass

Iron

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Lead

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Magnesium

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Manganese

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Mercury4

HNO3 to pH < 2

28 days

100 mL

Plastic or Glass

Nickel

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Nitrate

4oC

48 hours5

100 mL

Plastic or Glass

Nitrate-Nitrite6

4oC, H2SO4 to pH < 2

28 days

100 mL

Plastic or Glass

Nitrite

4oC

48 hours

50 mL

Plastic or Glass

Odor

4oC

24 hours

200 mL

Glass

Orthophosphate

Filter immediately, 4oC

48 hours

50 mL

Plastic or Glass

pH

None

Immediately

25 mL

Plastic or Glass

Selenium

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Silica

4oC

28 days

50 mL

Plastic

Silver

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Sodium

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Sulfate

4oC

28 days

50 mL

Plastic or Glass

TDS

None

7 days

100 mL

Plastic or Glass

Temperature

None

Immediately

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Thallium

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

Zinc

HNO3 to pH < 2

6 months

1 L

Plastic or Glass

For cyanide determinations, samples must be adjusted with sodium hydroxide to pH > 12 at the time of collection. When chilling is indicated the sample must be shipped and stored at 4oC or less. Acidification of nitrate or metals samples may be with a concentrated acid. Acidification of samples for metals analysis is encouraged and allowed at the laboratory rather than at the time of sampling provided the shipping time and other instructions in Section 8.3 of EPA Methods 200.7 or 200.8 or 200.9 are followed.

In all cases, samples should be analyzed as soon after collection as possible. Follow additional (if any) information on preservation, containers or holding times that is specified in the method.

Instructions for containers, preservation procedures and holding times as specified in Method 100.2 must be adhered to for all compliance analyses including those conducted with Method 100.1.

If the sample container is plastic, the holding time is 14 days.

If the sample is chlorinated, the holding time for an unacidified samples kept at 4oC is extended to 14 days.

Nitrate-Nitrite refers to a measurement of total nitrate.

1. Compositing Requirements

The State may reduce the total number of samples which must be analyzed by allowing the use of compositing. Composite samples from a maximum of five samples are allowed, provided that the detection limit of the method used for analysis is less than one-fifth of the MCL. Compositing of samples must be done in the laboratory.

If the concentration in the composite sample is greater than or equal to one-fifth of the MCL of any inorganic chemical, then a follow-up sample must be taken within 14 days at each sampling point included in the composite. These samples must be analyzed for the contaminants that exceeded one-fifth of the MCL in the composite sample.

The MDL reported for EPA Method 200.9 (Atomic Absorption; Platform) was determined using a 2X concentration step during sample digestion. The MDL determined for samples analyzed using direct analyses (i.e., no sample digestion) will be higher. Using multiple depositions, EPA 200.9 is capable of obtaining a MDL of 0.0001 mg/L.

E. Lead and Copper

(a) Analyze performance evaluation samples which include lead and copper provided by EPA Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory or equivalent samples provided by the State; and

(b) Achieve quantitative acceptance limits as follows:

(i) For lead: ± 30 percent of the actual amount in the Performance Evaluation sample when the actual amount is greater than or equal to 0.005 mg/L. The Practical Quantitation Level, or PQL for lead is 0.005 mg/L.

(ii) For copper: ± 10 percent of the actual amount in the Performance Evaluation sample when the actual amount is greater than or equal to 0.050 mg/L. The Practical Quantitation Level, or PQL for copper is 0.050 mg/L.

(d) The State has the authority to allow the use of previously collected monitoring data for purposes of monitoring, if the data were collected and analyzed in accordance with the requirements of this Appendix.

(e) All lead and copper levels measured between the PQL and MDL must be either reported as measured or they can be reported as one-half the PQL and MDL specified for lead and copper in subparagraph (b) of paragraph (1) of this section. All levels below the lead and copper MDLs must be reported as zero.

II. Organic Chemicals

A. Principal Organic Contaminants (Table 9D)

(1) Laboratory Certification - the analysis of Principal Organic Contaminants (POCs) shall only be conducted by laboratories that have received approval of the State Environmental Laboratory Approval Program (ELAP) according to the following approval conditions:

(a) Analyze Performance Evaluation samples which include those substances provided by EPA Environmental and Support Laboratory or proficiency samples provided by the State ELAP system.

(b) Achieve the quantitative acceptance limits under the following paragraphs (c) and (d) for at least 80 percent of the regulated organic chemicals listed in II.A.(2).

(c) Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed under (a) above that are within ± 20 percent to the actual amount of the substances in the performance evaluation sample when the actual amount is greater than or equal to 0.010 mg/l.

(d) Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed under paragraph (a) above that are within ± 40 percent of the actual amount of the substances in the performance evaluation sample when the actual amount is less than 0.010 mg/l.

(e) Achieve a method detection limit of 0.0005 mg/L.

(2) Approved Methods - the analysis of Principal Organic Contaminants and vinyl chloride shall be conducted using the following methods:

Contaminant

CAS No.1

EPA Analytical Method2

Benzene

71-43-2

502.2, 524.2

Bromobenzene

108-86-1

502.2, 524.2

Bromochloromethane

74-97-5

502.2, 524.2

Bromomethane

74-83-9

502.2, 524.2

n-Butylbenzene

104-51-8

502.2, 524.2

sec-Butylbenzene

135-98-8

502.2, 524.2

tert-Butylbenzene

98-06-6

502.2, 524.2

Carbon tetrachloride

56-23-5

502.2, 524.2, 551.1

Chlorobenzene

108-90-7

502.2, 524.2

Chloroethane

75-00-3

502.2, 524.2

Chloromethane

74-87-3

502.2, 524.2

2-Chlorotoluene

95-49-8

502.2, 524.2

4-Chlorotoluene

106-43-4

502.2, 524.2

Dibromomethane

74-95-3

502.2, 524.2

1,2-Dichlorobenzene

95-50-1

502.2, 524.2

1,3-Dichlorobenzene

541-73-1

502.2, 524.2

1,4-Dichlorobenzene

106-46-7

502.2, 524.2

Dichlorodifluoromethane

75-71-8

502.2, 524.2

1,1-Dichloroethane

75-34-3

502.2, 524.2

1,2-Dichloroethane

107-06-2

502.2, 524.2

1,1-Dichloroethene

75-35-4

502.2, 524.2

cis-1,2-Dichloroethene

156-59-4

502.2, 524.2

trans-1,2-Dichloroethene

156-60-5

502.2, 524.2

1,2-Dichloropropane

78-87-5

502.2, 524.2

1,3-Dichloropropane

142-28-9

502.2, 524.2

2,2-Dichloropropane

590-20-7

502.2, 524.2

1,1-Dichloropropene

563-58-6

502.2, 524.2

cis-1,3-Dichloropropene

10061-01-5

502.2, 524.2

trans-1,3-Dichloropropene

10061-02-6

502.2, 524.2

Ethylbenzene

100-41-4

502.2, 524.2

Hexachlorobutadiene

87-68-3

502.2, 524.2

Isopropylbenzene

98-82-8

502.2, 524.2

4-Isopropyltoluene

99-87-6

502.2, 524.2

Methylene chloride

75-09-2

502.2, 524.2

n-Propylbenzene

103-65-1

502.2, 524.2

Styrene

100-42-5

502.2, 524.2

1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane

630-20-6

502.2, 524.2

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

79-34-5

502.2, 524.2

Tetrachloroethene

127-18-4

502.2, 524.2, 551.1

Toluene

108-88-3

502.2, 524.2

1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene

87-61-6

502.2, 524.2

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

120-82-1

502.2, 524.2

1,1,1-Trichloroethane

71-55-6

502.2, 524.2, 551.1

1,1,2-Trichloroethane

79-00-5

502.2, 524.2, 551.1

Trichloroethene

79-01-6

502.2, 524.2, 551.1

Trichlorofluoromethane

75-69-4

502.2, 524.2

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

96-18-4

502.2, 524.2

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene

95-63-6

502.2, 524.2

1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene

108-67-8

502.2, 524.2

Vinyl chloride

75-01-4

502.2, 524.2

m-Xylene

95-47-6

502.2, 524.2

o-Xylene

108-38-3

502.2, 524.2

p-Xylene

106-42-3

502.2, 524.2

CAS No. – Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number

Method Detection Limit – 0.0005 mg/l

B. Pesticides, Dioxin, and PCBs (Table 9C)

(1) Laboratory Certification - Analysis for Pesticides, Dioxin, and PCBs shall only be conducted by laboratories that have received approval of the State Environmental Laboratory Approval Program (ELAP) according to the following approval conditions:

(a) Analyze Performance Evaluation samples that include those substances provided by EPA Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory or equivalent samples provided by the State.

(b) Laboratories must achieve quantitative results within the acceptance limits on 80% of the analytes included in the PT sample. Acceptance is defined as within the 95% confidence interval around the mean of the PT study data.

(c) Achieve quantitative results on the analyses that are within the following acceptance limits:

Contaminant

Acceptance Limit

Alachlor

±45%

Aldicarb

2 standard deviations

Aldicarb sulfone

2 standard deviations

Aldicarb sulfoxide

2 standard deviations

Atrazine

±45%

Benzo(a)pyrene

2 standard deviations

Carbofuran

±45%

Chlordane

±45%

2,4-D (as acid salts and esters)

±50%

Dalapon

2 standard deviations

Dibromochloropropane

±40%

Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate

2 standard deviations

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate

2 standard deviations

Dinoseb

2 standard deviations

Diquat

2 standard deviations

Endothall

2 standard deviations

Endrin

±30%

Ethylene dibromide (EDB)

±40%

Glyphosate

2 standard deviations

Heptachlor

±45%

Heptachlor epoxide

±45%

Hexachlorobenzene

2 standard deviations

Hexachlorocyclopentadiene

2 standard deviations

Lindane

±45%

Methoxychlor

±45%

Oxamyl (Vydate)

2 standard deviations

PCBs (as Aroclors) (as decachlorobiphenyl)

0 – 200%

Pentachlorophenol

±50%

Picloram

2 standard deviations

Simazine

2 standard deviations

2,4,5-TP (Silvex)

±50%

Toxaphene

±45%

2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)

standard deviations

(2) Approved Methods - the analysis of Pesticides, Dioxin, and PCBs shall be conducted using the following methods:

Contaminant

CAS No.1

Detection Limit (mg/l)2,3

Analytical Method

Alachlor4

15972-60-8

0.0002

505, 507, 508.1, 525.2, 551.1

Aldicarb

116-06-3

0.0005

531.1, SM-6610

Aldicarb sulfone

1646-87-4

0.0008

531.1, SM-6610

Aldicarb sulfoxide

1646-87-3

0.0005

531.1, SM-6610

Aldrin

309-00-2

0.075

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2

Atrazine4

1912-24-9

0.0001

505, 507, 508.1, 525.2, 551.1

Benzo(a)pyrene

50-32-8

0.00002

525.2, 550, 550.1

Butachlor

23184-66-9

0.38

507, 525.2

Carbaryl

63-25-2

2.0

531.1, SM-6610

Carbofuran

1563-66-2

0.0009

531.1, SM-6610

Chlordane (Technical)

57-74-9

0.0002

505, 508, 508.1,525.2

Dalapon

75-99-0

0.001

515.1, 515.3, 552.1, 552.2

Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate

103-23-1

0.0006

506, 525.2

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate

117-81-7

0.0006

506, 525.2

Dibromochloropropane (DBCP)

96-12-8

0.00002

504.1, 551.1

Dicamba

1918-00-9

0.081

515.1, 515.2, 555

2,4-D (as acid, salts and esters)

94-75-7

0.0001

515.1, 515.2, 515.3, 555, ASTM-D5317-93

Dieldrin

60-57-1

0.02

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2

Dinoseb5

88-85-7

0.0002

515.1, 515.2, 515.3 555

Diquat

2764-72-9

0.0004

549.2

Endothall

145-73-3

0.009

548.1

Endrin

72-20-8

0.00001

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2, 551.1

Ethylene dibromide (EDB)

106-93-4

0.00001

504.1, 551.1

Glyphosate

1071-83-6

0.006

547, SM-6651

Heptachlor

76-44-8

0.00004

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2, 551.1

Heptachlor epoxide

1024-57-3

0.00002

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2, 551.1

Hexachlorobenzene

118-74-1

0.0001

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2, 551.1

Hexachlorocyclopentadiene

77-47-4

0.0001

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2, 551.1

3-Hydroxycarbofuran

16655-82-6

2.0

531.1, SM-6610

Lindane

58-89-9

0.00002

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2, 551.1

Methomyl

16752-77-5

0.5

531.1, SM-6610

Methoxychlor

72-43-5

0.0001

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2, 551.1

Metolachlor

51218-45-2

0.75

507, 508.1, 525.2

Metribuzin

21087-64-9

0.75

507, 508.1, 525.2

Oxamyl (vydate)

23135-22-0

0.002

531.1, SM-6610

Pentachlorophenol (PCP)

87-86-5

0.00004

515.1, 515.2, 515.3, 525.2, 555, ASTM-D5317-93

Picloram5

1918-02-1

0.0001

515.1, 515.2, 515.3, 555, ASTM-D5317-93

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)6 (as decachlorobiphenyl)

Aroclor 1016

Aroclor 1221

Aroclor 1232

Aroclor 1242

Aroclor 1248

Aroclor 1254

Aroclor 1260

1336-36-3

12674-11-2

11104-28-2

11141-16-5

53469-21-9

12672-29-6

11097-69-1

11096-82-5

0.0001

0.00008

0.02

0.0005

0.0003

0.0001

0.0001

0.0002

508A

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2

Propachlor

1918-16-7

0.5

508, 508.1, 525.2

Simazine4

122-34-9

0.0007

5058, 507, 508.1,525.2, 551.1

(2,4,5-TP) (Silvex)7

93-72-1

0.0002

515.1, 515.2, 515.3, 555, ASTM-D5317-93

Toxaphene (Technical)

8001-35-2

0.001

505, 508, 508.1, 525.2

2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)8,9

1746-01-6

0.000000005

1613

CAS No. – Chemical Abstract Services Registry Number

The EDL or Estimated Detection Limit is given with the EPA Analytical Method cited.

Detection limit as used in this context shall be defined as, greater than or equal to the concentration cited in this table for the individual contaminant.

Substitution of the detector specified in Method 505, 507, 508 or 508.1 for the purpose of achieving lower detection limits is allowed as follows: either an electron capture or nitrogen phosphorous detector may be used provided all regulatory requirements and quality control criteria are met.

Accurate determination of the chlorinated esters requires hydrolysis of the sample as described in EPA Methods 515.1, 515.2 , 515.3 and 555, and ASTM.

If PCBs (as one of seven Aroclors) are detected in any sample analyzed using Methods 505 or 508, the system shall reanalyze the sample using Method 508A to quantitate PCBs (as decachlorobiphenyl). Compliance with the PCB MCL shall be determined based on the quantitative results of analyses using method 508A.

2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyl) propionic acid

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

A nitrogen-phosphorous detector should be substituted for the electron capture detector in Method 505 (or another approved method should be used) to determine alachlor, atrazine and simazine, if lower detection limits are required.

(3) Water Sample Compositing Requirements for Pesticides, Dioxin and PCBs

The State may reduce the total number of samples collected and analyzed in accordance with Table 9C by allowing the use of compositing. Equal size samples from a maximum of five separate sampling points are allowed. The number of samples included in the composite must also be less than the ratio of the Maximum Contaminant Level divided by the detection level for the contaminant as reported by the State certified laboratory. Compositing of samples must be done in the laboratory.

(a) If the concentration in the composite sample is greater than or equal to the detection limit of any organic chemicals listed under paragraph (4) of this section, then a separate follow-up sample must be taken within 14 days at each sampling point included in the composite. These samples must be analyzed for the contaminants which were detected in the composite sample.

(b) If duplicates or residual portions of the original sample taken from each sampling point used in the composites are available, the system may use these instead of resampling. This additional sample must be analyzed and the results reported to the State within 14 days of collection.

(c) In systems serving fewer than 3,300 persons, the State may permit compositing among different systems provided the 5-sample limit is maintained. In systems serving 3,300 or more persons, the State may permit compositing of samples from up to five sampling locations within the system, provided the reporting limit is maintained.

C. Propylene Glycol

(1) Approved Methods - Analysis for glycol shall be conducted using the following methods:

Contaminant

CAS No.1

Method Detection Limit (mg/L)2

Analytical Method3

Total glycol

---

0.05

APC-44

Propylene glycol

Ethylene glycol

57-55-6

107-21-1

0.01

0.01

Westchester County FID Method

Westchester County FID Method

CAS No. – Chemical Abstract Services Registry Number

The State certified laboratory must report a detection level equal to or less than those listed in order for the analytical result to be indicative of a contaminant being "not detected.

If glycol is detected by Method APC-44 at 0.1 mg/L or greater, the State will require laboratory verification that the total glycol consists of less than 0.05 mg/L of ethylene glycol using the Westchester County FID method. The Westchester County FID method can distinguish between propylene glycol and ethylene glycol.

(2) Analytical Method Number and Reference.

REFERENCE: Procedure for Method APC-44 – "Tentative Method for the Determination of Ethylene Glycol in Water" – Revision 1/91 may be obtained from the New York State Department of Health's Wadsworth Laboratories and Research – Division of Environmental Sciences, Albany, New York. The telephone number is (518) 474-4170.

REFERENCE: Procedure for the Westchester County FID Method – "Analyzing Ethylene Glycol and Propylene Glycol in Water Supplies" may be obtained from Westchester County Department of Laboratories and Research Environmental Services, 2 Dana Road, Valhalla, New York, 10595. The telephone number is (914) 595-5575.

D. Methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (MTBE)

(1) Approved Methods - Analysis for MTBE shall be conducted using the following methods:

Contaminant

CAS No.1

Method Detection Limit (m g/L)2

Analytical Method

MTBE

1634-04-4

2.5

EPA 502.2 3

MTBE

1634-04-4

2.5

EPA 524.23

CAS No. – Chemical Abstract Services Registry Number

The State certified laboratory must report a detection level equal to or less than those listed in order for the analytical result to be indicative of a contaminant being not detected.

EPA Method 502.2 and 524.2 as set forth in the New York State Environmental Laboratory Approval Program (ELAP) manual, modified on May 15, 2000.

(1) Approved Methods – the analysis of disinfection byproducts and disinfection byproduct precursors shall be conducted using the following methods (for approved methods for bromate, bromide and chlorite, see section I. A. (1) of this appendix):

If TTHMs are the only parameter being measured in the sample, then a PID is not required.

DOC and UV254 values are used to calculate Specific Ultraviolet Absorbance (SUVA). SUVA is equal to the UV254 divided by the DOC concentration. SUVA must be measured on water before the addition of disinfectants or oxidants to the system. DOC and UV254 samples used to determine a SUVA value must be taken at the same time and at the same location.

Prior to analysis, DOC and UV254 samples must be filtered through a 0.45 m m pore-diameter filter. Water passed through the 0.45 m m pore-diameter filter prior to filtration of the sample must serve as the filtered blank.

G. Method References

Procedures for analysis of trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids using Methods 502.2, 524.2, 551.1, and 552.2 may be found in "Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water – Supplement III", EPA/600/R-95/131, August 1995.

Procedures for Methods 502.2, 505, 507, 508, 508A, 515.1, and 531.1 may be found in "Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water", EPA-600/4-88-039, December 1988, Revised, July 1991.

Procedures for Methods 506, 547, 550, 550.1, and 551.1 may be found in "Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water – Supplement I", EPA/600-4-90-020, July 1990.

Procedures for Methods 515.2, 524.2, 548.1, 552.1, 552.2 and 555 may be found in "Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water – Supplement II", EPA/600/R-92/129, August 1992.

These documents are available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) PB91-231480, PB91-146027, PB92-207703 and PB95-104774, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161. The toll-free number is 800-553-6847.

EPA Methods 504.1, 508.1 and 525.2 are available from US EPA EMSL-Cincinnati, OH 45268. The phone number is (513)-569-7586.

Procedure for Method 6651 may be found in "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 18th Edition, American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation, 1992.

Procedure for Method 6610 may be found in "Supplement to the 18th Edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 1994, American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20005.

Procedures for Methods 5310B, 5310C, and 5310D may be found in "Supplement to the 19th Edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", American Public Health Association, 1996.

Procedure for Method 5910B may be found in "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 19th Edition", American Public Health Association, 1995.

ASTM Method D5317-93 can be obtained from the "Annual Book of ASTM Standards", 1994 and 1996, Vol. 11.01 and 11.02, American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.

III. Radionuclides (Table 7 in Subpart 5-1)

A. Laboratory Certification – the analysis of Radionuclides shall only be conducted by laboratories that have received approval of the State Environmental Laboratory Approval Program (ELAP) according to the following approval conditions:

(a) Analyze Performance Evaluation samples that include those substances provided by EPA Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory or equivalent samples provided by the State.

(b) Laboratories must achieve quantitative results within the acceptance limits on 80% of the analytes included in the PT sample. Acceptance is defined as within the 95% confidence interval around the mean of the PT study data.

(c) Achieve quantitative results on the analyses that are within the following acceptance limits:

Contaminant

Acceptance Limit

Gross alpha

±50%

Gross beta

±30%

Cesium-134

±30%

Iodine-131

±30%

Strontium-89, 90

±30%

Tritium

±20%

Gamma emitters

Radium-226

±30%

Radium-228

±50%

Uranium

±30%

(d) Achieve the following detection limits:

Contaminant

Detection Limit (pCi/L)

Gross alpha

3

Gross beta

4

Radium-226

1

Radium-228

1

Cesium-134

10

Strontium-89

10

Strontium-90

2

Iodine-131

1

Tritium

1,000

Other Radionuclides and Photon/Gamma Emitters

1/10th of the MCL

B. Approved Methods – the analysis of Radionuclides shall be conducted using the following methods:

Contaminant

Methodology

Reference (method or page number)

EPA1Methods

EPA2Methods

EPA3Methods

EPA4Methods

Standard Methods5

ASTMMethods6

USGSMethods7

DOEMethods8

OtherMethods

Naturally occurring

Gross alpha11 and beta

Evaporation

900.0

p. 1

00-01

p. 1

302, 7110 B

R-1120-76

Gross alpha11

Co-precipitation

00-02

7110 C

Radium-226

Radon emanation

903.1

p. 16

Ra-04

p. 19

7500-Ra C

D 3454-91

R-1141-76

Ra-05

N.Y.9

Radiochemical

903.0

p. 13

Ra-03

304, 305, 7500-Ra B

D 2460-90

R-1140-76

Radium-228

Radiochemical

904.0

p. 24

Ra-05

p. 19

304, 7500-Ra D

R-1142-76

N.Y.9N. J.10

Uranium12

Radiochemical

908.0

7500-U B

Fluorometric

908.1

7500-U C (17th Ed.)

D 2907-91

R-1180-76,

R-1181-76

U-04

Alpha spectrometry

00-07

p. 33

7500-U C (18th or 19th Ed.)

D 3972-90

R-1182-76

U-02

Laser Phosphorimetry

D 5174-91

Man-made

Cesium-134

Radiochemical

901.0

p. 4

7500-Cs B

D-2459-72

R-1111-76

Gamma ray spectrometry

901.1

p. 92

7120 (19th Ed.)

D 3649-91

R-1110-76

4.5.2.3

Iodine-131

Radiochemical

902.0

p. 6p. 9

7500-1 B7500-1 C7500-1 D

D 3649-91

Gamma ray spectrometry

901.1

p. 92

7120 (19th Ed.)

D 4785-88

4.5.2.3

Strontium-89, 90

Radiochemical

905.0

p. 29

Sr-4

p. 65

303, 7500-Sr B

R-1160-76

Sr-01Sr-02

Tritium

Liquid scintillation

906.0

p. 34

H-2

p. 87

306, 7500-3H B

D 4107-91

R-1171-76

Gamma emitters

Gamma ray spectrometry

901.1902.0901.0

p. 92

7120 (19th Ed.),7500-Cs B,7500-I B

D 3649-91D 4785-88

R-1110-76

4.5.2.3

"Prescribed Procedures for Measurement of Radioactivity in Drinking Water", EPA 600/4-80-032, August 1980. Available at U.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161 (Telephone 800-553-6847), PB 80-224744.

"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 13th, 17th, 18th, 19th Editions, 1971, 1989, 1992, 1995. Available at American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. All methods are in the 17th, 18th and 19th editions except 7500-U C Fluorometric Uranium was discontinued after the 17th Edition, 7120 Gamma Emitters is only in the 19th Edition, and 302, 303, 304, 305 and 306 are only in the 13th Edition.

"Annual Book of ASTM Standards", Vol. 11.02, 1994; any year containing the cited version of the method may be used. Copies may be obtained from the American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.

"Methods for Determination of Radioactive Substances in Water and Fluvial Sediments", Chapter A5 in Book 5 of "Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations of the United States Geological Survey", 1977. Available at U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Information Services, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225-0425.

"Determination of Ra-226 and Ra-228 (Ra-02)", January 1980, Revised June 1982. Available at Radiological Sciences Institute Center for Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201.

"Determination of Radium 228 in Drinking Water", August 1980. Available at State of New Jersey, Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Environmental Quality, Bureau of Radiation and Inorganic Analytical Services, 9 Ewing Street, Trenton, NJ 08625.

Natural uranium and thorium-230 are approved as gross alpha-particle activity calibration standards for gross alpha co-precipitation and evaporation methods; americium-241 is approved for use with the gross alpha co-precipitation methods.12 If uranium (U) is determined by mass-type methods (i.e., fluorometric or laser phosphorimetry), a 0.67 pCi/µg of uranium conversion factor must be used. This conversion factor is conservative and is based on the 1:1 activity ratio of U-234 to U-238 that is characteristic of naturally-occurring uranium in rock.

C. Sample Collection, Preservation and Instrumentation Requirements

Sample collection for Radionuclides shall be conducted using the sample preservation, container, and maximum holding time procedures specified in the following table:

Parameter

Preservative1

SampleHolding Time2

Type of Container

Instrumentation3

Gross alpha

Conc. HCl or HNO3 to pH <24

6 months

Plastic or Glass

A, B, or G

Gross beta

Conc. HCl or HNO3 to pH <24

6 months

Plastic or Glass

A or G

Strontium-89

Conc. HCl or HNO3 to pH <24

6 months

Plastic or Glass

A or G

Strontium-90

Conc. HCl or HNO3 to pH <24

6 months

Plastic or Glass

A or G

Radium-226

Conc. HCl or HNO3 to pH <24

6 months

Plastic or Glass

A,B,D or G

Radium-228

Conc. HCl or HNO3 to pH <24

6 months

Plastic or Glass

A or G

Cesium-134

Conc. HCl to pH <24

6 months

Plastic or Glass

A, C or G

Iodine-131

None

8 days

Plastic or Glass

A, C or G

Tritium

None

6 months

Glass

E

Uranium

Conc. HCl or HNO3 to pH <24

6 months

Plastic or Glass

F

Photon emitters

Conc. HCl or HNO3 to pH <24

6 months

Plastic or Glass

C

It is recommended that the preservative be added to the sample at the time of collection unless suspended solids activity is to be measured. It is also recommended that samples be filtered, if suspended or settleable solids are present, prior to adding preservative, at the time of collection. However, if the sample has to be shipped to a laboratory or storage area, acidification of the sample (in its original container) may be delayed for a period not to exceed 5 days. A minimum of 16 hours must elapse between acidification and analysis.

Holding time is defined as the period from time of sampling to time of analysis. In all cases, samples should be analyzed as soon after collection as possible. If a composite sample is prepared, a holding time cannot exceed 12 months.

If HCl is used to acidify samples which are to be analyzed for gross alpha or gross beta activities, the acid salts must be converted to nitrate salts before transfer of the samples to planchets.

IV. Microbiological Contaminants (Tables 6, 11, 11A and 11B)

A. Laboratory Certification

Measurement of total coliforms, fecal coliforms, E.Coli., enterococci, coliphage and heterotrophic plate count (HPC) must be conducted by a laboratory certified by the Department's Environmental Laboratory Approval Program (ELAP) for the method used.

B. Approved Methods

The following analytical methods are acceptable for measurement of microbiological contaminants:

Approved Methods1,2

Media

Reference Method3,4

Total Coliforms5

Fermentation broth method6,7,8

LTB BGLB Broth

SM 9221B

P-A Broth BGLB Broth8,10

SM 9221D

Enzyme substrate method

Colilert, Colilert-1811

SM 9223

Colisure12,13

SM 9223

E*colite Test14

Membrane filter method

mEndo or LES-Endo

SM 9222B

MI Agar9

m-ColiBlue 2415

Fecal Coliforms5

Fermentation broth method

EC broth

SM 9221E

A-1 broth17

SM 9221E

Membrane filter method

MFC

SM 9222D

Escherichia coli

Enzyme substrate method

Colilert or Colilert-18

SM 9223

Colisure12,13

SM 9223

E*Colite14

LTB or P/A broth EC-MUG16

SM 9221F16

Membrane filter method

MI Medium9

m-ColiBlue2415

mEndo or LES Endo16 then NA-MUG16

SM 9222G16

Heterotrophic Bacteria5

Pour plate method

SM 9215B

Enterococci

Multiple Tube Technique

9230B18

Membrane Filter Technique

EPA Method 160019

Enterolert20

Coliphage

Two-Step Enrichment Presence-Absence Procedure

EPA Method 160121

Single Agar Layer Procedure

EPA Method 160222

It is strongly recommended that laboratories evaluate the false-positive and negative rates for the method(s) they use for monitoring total coliforms. Laboratories are also encouraged to establish false-positive rates within their own laboratory and sample matrix (drinking water or source water) with the intent that if the method they choose has an unacceptable false-positive or negative rate, another method can be used. When one of the approved methods does not include confirmatory samples, it is recommended that confirmatory analysis is performed on a minimum of 5% of all total coliform-positive samples. Methods for establishing rates of false-positive and negative may be established based on: lactose fermentation; the rapid test for b-galactosidase and cytochrome oxidase; multi-test identification systems; or equivalent confirmation tests. False-positive and false negative information is often available in published studies and/or from the manufacturer(s).

Preparation of EC medium is described in Method 9221 E (paragraph 1a) and preparation of Nutrient Agar is described in Method 9221 B (paragraph 3). Both methods are in "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 20th Edition, 1998, and 21st Edition, 2005; either edition may be used.

SM = "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 20th Edition, 1998, or 21st Edition, 2005, American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street NW, Washington, D.C. 2005; either edition may be used.

The time from sample collection of a drinking water sample to initiation of total coliform analysis may not exceed 30 hours. The time from sample collection of a drinking water sample to initiation of heterotrophic bacteria analysis may not exceed 8 hours. Raw water samples may not exceed 8 hours. Systems are encouraged, but not required to hold samples below 10oC during transit.

Lactose broth, as commercially available, may be used in lieu of lauryl tryptose broth, if the system conducts at least 25 parallel tests between this medium and lauryl tryptose broth using the water normally tested, and this comparison demonstrates that the false-positive rate for total coliforms, using lactose broth, is less than 10 percent.

If inverted tubes are used to detect gas production, the media should cover these tubes at least one-half to two-thirds after the sample is added.

No requirement exists to run the completed phase on 10 percent of all total coliform-positive confirmed tubes.

Preparation and use of MI agar is set forth in the article, "New medium for the simultaneous detection of total coliform and Escherichia coli in water" by Brenner K.P., et al., 1993, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:3534-3544. Also available from the Office of Water Resources Center (RC-4100), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20460, EPA 600/J-99/225.

Six-times formulation strength may be used if the medium is filter-sterilized rather than autoclaved.

The Chromogenic Substrate Coliform Test or ONPG-MUG Test is also known as the Autoanalysis Colilert System.

A description of the Colisure Test, Feb. 28, 1994, may be obtained from the IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., One IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, Maine 04092.

EC–MUG (Method 9221F) or NA–MUG (Method 9222G) can be used for E. coli testing step as described in § 141.21(f)(6)(i) or (ii) after use of Standard Methods 9221 B, 9221 D, (for 9221F) or 9222 B, or 9222 C (for 9222G).

A-1 Broth may be held up to 3 months in a tightly closed screwcap tube at 4oC.

Methods are described in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 20th edition, 1998 or 21st edition, 2005; copies may be obtained from the American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street, NW., Washington, DC 20005–2605.

EPA Method 1600: Enterococci in Water by Membrane Filtration Using membrane-Enterococcus Indoxyl–b–D–Glucoside Agar (mEI) EPA 821–R–02–022 (September 2002) is an approved variation of Standard Method 9230C. The method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/ 1600sp02.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC–4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460. The holding time and temperature for ground water samples are specified in footnote 2 above, rather than as specified in Section 8 of EPA Method 1600.

Medium is available through IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., One IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, Maine 04092. Preparation and use of the medium is set forth in the article ''Evaluation of Enterolert for Enumeration of Enterococci in Recreational Waters,'' by Budnick, G.E., Howard, R.T., and Mayo, D.R., 1996, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 62:3881–3884.

EPA Method 1602: Male-specific (F+) and Somatic Coliphage in Water by Single Agar Layer (SAL) Procedure; April 2001, EPA 821–R–01– 029. Method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/1602ap01.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC–4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20460.

V. Turbidity (Table 4)

(A) Approved Methods

Turbidity shall be conducted using the following methods:

Parameter

Methodology

Reference Methods1

Turbidity

Nephelometric Method

2130 B

Nephelometric method

180.12

Great Lakes Instruments

Method 23

"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 18th Edition, 1992, and 19th Edition, 1995, American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation.

"Methods for the Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples", EPA-600/R-93-100, August 1993. Available at NTIS, PB94-121811.

VI. Residual Disinfectants

(A) Approved Methods

Approved Methods – The analysis of residual disinfectants shall be conducted using one of the following analytical methods:

Disinfectant

Reference Methodology

Reference Methods1

Free and Combined Chlorine2

Amperometric Titration Method

4500-C1 D

Low Level Amperometric Titration

4500-C1 E

DPD Ferrous Titrimetric Method

4500-C1 F

DPD Colorimetric Method3

4500-C1 G

Syringaldazine (FACTS) Method

4500-C1 H

Ozone

Indigo Colorimetric Method

4500-O3 B

Chlorine Dioxide

DPD Method

4500-C1O2 D

Amperometric Method II

4500-C1O2 E

"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 20th Edition, 1998, or 21st Edition, 2005, American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street NW, Washington, D.C. 2005; either edition may be used.

Free and total chlorine residuals may be measured continuously by adapting a specified chlorine residual method for use with a continuous monitoring instrument provided the chemistry, accuracy, and precision of the measurement remain the same. Instruments used for continuous monitoring must be calibrated with a grab sample measurement at least every 5 days, or with a protocol approved by the State.

The Hach Company Method No. 8167 (Version no. 1, dated April 24, 1995) as found in Hach Method 8021 in the "Water Quality Analysis Handbook", 3rd edition, by Hach Company, Loveland, Colorado, 1997, pg. 335, for determining total chlorine is an acceptable version of the spectrophotometric, DPD, Standard Method 4500-C1-G in "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 20th Edition, 1998, or 21st Edition 2005; either edition may be used.

VII. General References

More information about the regulations pertaining to the parameters listed in this appendix can be found in 40CFR parts 141.23, 141.24, National Primary and Secondary Drinking Water Regulations.

Copies of documents referenced in this appendix may be obtained from the National Technical Information Services, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Pont Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161 or online at: http://www.ntis.gov/.

Copies of cited references are available for review and inspection from Records Access Officer, Department of Health, Corning Tower, Room 2364, Albany, New York 12237-0044 and New York State Department of State, Office of Information Services,99 Washington Ave., Albany, New York 12231.

Copies of "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 21st Edition, 2005, American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street NW, Washington, D.C. 2005, are available for review and inspection from the Department of Health, Bureau of Water Supply Protection, 547 River Street, Room 400, Troy, NY 12180.

U.S. EPA. "Technical Notes on Drinking Water Methods", Office of Research and