EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS:
Isolated Rat Aortic ring preparation:
The rat aortic preparations were isolated, mounted in a temperature controlled tissue/organ bath and suspended in K-H solution that was aerated with carbogen gas so as to maintain the isolated tissues in a physiological state i.e. in a viable state during the experimental period.Thus using the tissue /organ bath the necessary physiological warmth is provided to the tissue even after isolation from the animal while the K-H solution is used to provide the essential medium containing the various ions, buffer, energy source etc. but also to supply oxygen requirements to the isolated tissue.

RESULTS:
Table-1.Effect of FLEt and its combination with Oral Hypoglycemic Agents on OGTT in Normal rats:

TIME

FBS

0 min

30 min

60min

120 min

NC

84±1.1

103 .1±1.5

120.6±0.8

(↑16%)

114 .71 ±1.5

(↑10%)

86 .2± 0.6

(↓17%)

DC

205±2.5

214± 1.4

289 ±2.6

(↑35%)

288.3 ±3.0

(↑34.5%)

285.4±2.1

(↑33%)

FLEt

86.3 ±1.20

91 .33± 1.0

108.12± 4.1

(↑18.68%)

104.42±1.9

(↑14%)a

88 .90±0.8

(↓4%)a

P

85.6 ±1.20

93 .04 ±1.2

120.1±3.4

(↑29%)

112.33±1.6

(↑20%)c

80.8 ±2.8

(↓3%)a

G

88.20 ±0.57

90.3 ±1.2

116.66 ±3.1

(↑28.8%)

102.12±0.6

(↑13%)a

84.99±0.5

(↓6%)a

P+G

89. 07 ±0.5

90.33± 0.5

106 ±0.5

(↑17.7%)

99 ±0.8

(↑9%)a

70.22± 0.9

(↓23%)a

P+ FLEt

86.1 ±0.5

90.32±0.88

110.9±0.9

( ↑20%)

102 ±1.8

(↑15%)b

85.77± 0.8

(↓5.1% )a

G+ FLEt

82.66± 0.3

86.66± 1.7

102.8±3.8

(↑15.9%)

96± 2.2

(↑11.6%)a

82.1± 0.7

(↓5%)a

All values are mean ± SEM, n=6,a P<0.001, bP<0.01, cP<0.05 when compared to normal control group.

Table-2. Effect of FLEt and its combination with Oral Hypoglycemic Agents on OGTT in Diabetic rats:

TIME

FBS

0 min

30 min

60min

120 min

NC

89.26 ±1.2

98.34± 1.9

104.1 ±2.0

(↑6%)

112.90± 0.9

(↑15.3%)

90.21± 2.1

(↑2.8%)

DC

188.06±3.9

212.11 ±0.8

249.2± 0.8

(↑17.5%)

298.14 ±0.8

(↑40%)

306.3±0.1

(↑44%)

FLEt

179.26 ±0.7

189.22±1.5

208.9± 3.3

(↑10.4%)b

222 ±1.2

(↑17%)a

186.1±1.7

(↓2%)a

P

184.43± 0.4

201.66 ±1.2

236.67 ±3.2

(↑17.4%)c

257.45 ±4.1

(↑27%)c

212.7±5.0

(↑5.5%)b

G

197.26±0.9

203.67±2.1

229.88±2.4

(↑12.56%)b

243.5±4.3

(↑20%)a

180±2.9 (↓12.4%)a

P+G

168.8.±0.5

174.29±2.3

198.74±0.8

(↑8%)c

208±1.9

(↑19%)a

143.1±1.8

(↓18%)a

P+ FLEt

170.14±1.9

190.2±3.9

(↑11%)

211.67±4.0

(↑11%)c

248.15±2.8

(↑30%)c

194.8±1.8

(↑14%)b

G+ FLEt

182.88±1.5

189.12±1.7

209.37±2.2

(↑3%)b

219.76±2.1

( ↑15%)a

187.4±0.6

(↓2%)

All values are mean ± SEM, n=6,a P<0.001, bP<0.01, cP<0.05 when compared to diabetic control group.

Table 3: Effect of FLEt and its combination with Oral Hypoglycemics on Blood Glucose (mg/dl)

Groups

0th day

15th day

30th day

45th day

60th day

75th day

NC

124±0.8

123.2±0.12

126±0.24

128±0.5

122±0.5

123±0.8

DC

265±0.5

273.5±0.2

291.8±0.9

332.8±0.4

395.2±0.5

418±0.4

FLEt

241±0.1

248.4±0.8b

235.8±0.5b

228.4±0.6b

219.4±0.5b

139±0.9a

P

245±0.8

252.5±0.5c

241.2±1.8c

234.6±0.8c

225.8±0.6c

148±0.7a

G

270±0.5

261±0.6c

248.1±2.3c

224.7±0.4c

194.4±0.4c

143±0.4a

P+G

241±0.5

222.8±1.7a

202.5±0.7a

161.1±0.5a

89.1±0.5a

-

P+FLEt

251±0.7

237.8±0.5b

228.6±1.2b

218.8±0.5b

183.5±1.5b

137±0.1a

G+FLEt

262±0.6

244±0.4a

229.4±0.8b

194.7±0.6a

164.7±0.8a

131±0.1a

FLEt:- Fenugreek leaves exteact.
All values are mean ± SEM, n=6,a P<0.001, bP<0.01, cP<0.05 when compared to diabetic control group

Table:4 Comparison of relaxant responses in treated groups:

TREATMENT

Percentage relaxant response to

SNP

ACETYLCHOLINE

0.1 (µM)

0.3 (µM)

(1.0 µM)

NORMAL

Mean

SEM

28.35

±3.458

32.37

±3.876

56.56

±4.467

101.00

±1.98

DIABETIC

Mean

±SEM

9.07

±2.345

14.76

±3.234

20.67

±4.778

103.00

±2.87

FLEt

Mean

±SEM

17.61b

±0.253

21.45b

±0.773

24.88b

±0.197

105.00

±3.12

PIO

Mean

±SEM

12.82c

±0.287

16.52c

±0.545

20.01c

±0.345

102.00

±1.87

GLIP

Mean

±SEM

15.54c

±0.548

17.64c

±0.550

22.98c

±0.791

101.00

±2.34

PIO+GLIP

Mean

±SEM

16.21b

±0.454

22.81b

±0.657

35.87b

±0.965

103.00

±3.05

FLEt+PIO

Mean

±SEM

15.20b

±0.505

27.60b

±0.724

37.98b

±0.876

101.00

±1.05

FLEt+GLIP

Mean

±SEM

16.43b

±0.327

25.70b

±0.479

34.76b

±0.876

103.98

±3.76

FLEt+FLU

Mean

±SEM

14.54a

±0.347

24.74a

±0.733

36.34a

±0.879

101.00

±1.89

P+FLU

Mean

±SEM

12.86a

±0.291

20.87a

±0.539

32.90a

±0.678

103.00

±2.67

G+FLU

Mean

±SEM

14.70a

±0.305

23.53a

±0.783

38.57a

±0.375

102.00

±2.23

All values are mean ± SEM, n=6,a P<0.001, bP<0.01, cP<0.05 when compared to diabetic control group