Start studying Anthro Practice Midterm. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The principle of linguistic relativity holds that the structure of a language affects its speakers' world view or cognition. Popularly known as the Sapir–Whorf. Sapir-Whorf hypothesis definition, a theory developed by Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf that states that the structure of a language determines or greatly.

Anthro Practice Midterm Flashcards . Survey research generally focuses on a subset of a larger population. What role do independent assortment and recombination play in evolution?

D. They create genetic variability in a breeding population. B. It has an exclusive focus on contemporary cultures. Which of the following is not one of the ways in which individuals learn culture?

The process by which children learn culture is known as. What do anthropologists mean when they say culture is shared?

A geologist with the Brazilian Geological Survey. Speaking with Yahoo! Movies, Matt Reeves discussed how the movie will style itself in the manner of Christopher Nolan’s approach to comic book superhero. Amy Adams plays Louise Banks and has to decipher the language of heptapods who have arrived on Earth in giant floating ships.

B. Culture is an attribute of individuals as members of groups. What is cultural relativism? B: The argument that behavior in a particular culture should not be judged by the standards of another culture. B. Viewing another culture in terms of your own culture and values.

Taking part in the events one is witnessing and describing is known as. E. The transmission of genetic material between populations.

Evolution can be defined most simply as. C. The phenotypes of organisms. Which of the following primate traits are believed to have developed as adaptations to life in trees. E. Stereoscopic vision and an opposable thumb.

What is the term for a trait that organisms have inherited from a common ancestor? Ancient anthropoids began to have fewer offspring that required longer and more attentive care.

We provide excellent essay writing service 24/7. Enjoy proficient essay writing and custom writing services provided by professional academic writers. LANGUAGE AND THOUGHT: EXAMINING LINGUISTIC RELATIVITY. Stacy Phipps. December 13, 2001. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis has changed the way many. View Test Prep - 1. CHAPTER 01: SOCIOLOGY AND THE REAL WORLD MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Sociologists observe. Steven Pinker's main goal in The Language Instinct, as the title suggests, was to argue for the innateness of language acquisition.

What did this select for? The classification of organisms based on their relationships and resemblances is known as. C. It increased hominins' ability to brachiate through trees and thus escape from predators. Which of the following is not a trend in early hominin evolution? C. Decreasing cranial capacity.

Which hominin group(s) colonized the Americas? Which of the following is a trend in hominin evolution since the genus Homo began?

B. Molar size has decreased. Many Neandertal anatomical traits reflect adaptation to. Which of the following models suggests that the Neandertals were replaced by a wave of anatomically modern humans? C. About 1. 35,0.

The first animals to be domesticated in the Middle East (between 1. B. P.) were. A. Life in permanent settlements. When did sedentary life develop in the Middle East?

A. Before farming and herding. In the Near East, when did the domestication of plants and animals begin to replace foraging as the basis of subsistence? Compared to their wild counterparts, domesticated animals tend to be.

Which of the following attributes distinguishes states from chiefdoms? C. Distinct social stratification.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of states? E. They lack hereditary inequality.

What is the term for the area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is today Iraq and southwestern Iran? Knowledge of the properties of metals, including how to extract, process, and use them to make tools, is known as.

How are ranked societies different from states? A. States have social classes. What term refers to the minimal sound contrasts that distinguish meaning in a language?

In which region of the United States do people not speak with an accent? E. Regional speech variations exist throughout the United States. What does the Sapir- Whorf hypothesis argue? B. The languages people speak influence the way they think. Regular shifting between .

The science of Arrival: what the film got right (and wrong)Paramount Pictures. What if we made contact with alien life? How would we communicate? ADVERTISEMENTThat's the premise of the film Arrival, based on the short story, Story of Your Life by Ted Chiang, opening in cinemas this week.

The protagonist, linguist Louise Banks (played by Amy Adams), is tasked with deciphering the language of the mysterious heptapods who have arrived on Earth in giant floating ships. But while the film’s portrayal of first contact is a little fantastical, the basic idea of how to communicate isn't far off the mark. Below, we’ve taken a look at some talking points from the film, although note there are some mild spoilers if you haven’t seen it yet. Language. In Arrival, Banks is confronted with a bizarre alien language and is asked to decipher it. Spoken, it sounds like whale or dolphin noises, and written it’s a circular array of inky patterns known as logograms. In order to communicate, Banks writes down English words and acts out what they mean.

In turn, the heptapods reply with their logograms, and Banks works to find meaning within the patterns. ADVERTISEMENTThe end goal is to discover the aliens’ purpose on Earth, but before that can be asked, Banks is insistent she must understand their language to prevent any misunderstandings. And, it turns out, this is a pretty good way to begin deciphering an unknown language.“The insistence that they can’t jump straight to the big question is absolutely right,” Jessica Coon, an Associate Professor in the Department of Linguistics at Mc. Gill University and a consultant on the film, told WIRED.“You have to really understand some of the smaller pieces of grammar before you work up to the big question, because there’s a lot of potential for misunderstanding.”ADVERTISEMENTAnd that’s exactly what Banks does. With human languages, of which there are several thousand, similar techniques are used in translation. So getting a basic grip is not a bad idea before attempting to hold a meaningful conversation. Re- wiring the brain.

Paramount Pictures. Later on in the film, Banks’ brain is “re- wired” as she learns the alien language, leading to a groundbreaking revelation. This is a concept known as the Sapir- Whorf hypothesis, a theory that learning a new language can lead to a drastic change in how we think. While it’s an interesting concept, Coon said the theory to those extremes probably wouldn’t hold true in the real world.

Where are all the aliens? WIRED explains the Fermi Paradox. Where are all the aliens? WIRED explains the Fermi Paradox.

If there is an intelligent alien race, chances are its emitting electromagnetic waves, possibly radio waves, just like us. To this end, scientists have been searching the sky for any such signals for decades. Of course, we’ve found nothing so far, but if we ever are to make contact, signal- based communication over many light- years is probably our best bet. Any attempt at conversation, though, would be fairly lengthy.“I’m not holding my breath that aliens will ever travel to Earth,” Douglas Vakoch, President of the Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence (Meti) organisation, which considers how we might communicate with a distant race, told WIRED.“In the real world, a roundtrip exchange with ET by radio could take centuries or millennia.

That’s a serious obstacle for understanding one another. It’s less like a conversation and more like decoding a lost language.”Communicating. Let’s say, for the sake of argument, we were able to hold a conversation with a distant race.

At that point, it’s probably time to ask Banks for help again. In Arrival, one group of scientists announces it tried to communicate with the heptapods by sending the same messages back to them.

This is a good idea for radio contact too; it lets someone know we’re here.“It is a good plan, as they will know we have received it and identified it as a message from another advanced civilisation,” John Elliott, from Leeds Beckett University and the UK SETI Research Network, told WIRED. If a message was sent our way on purpose, it may also contain some sort of key to decipher it.

And this would be crucial in holding any sort of meaningful conversation. If you want to pull something down with Earth- like gravity then you need something with the mass of Earth. But in Arrival, the aliens’ spaceships clearly has something else going on. Given that the aliens have managed to invent interstellar travel, we guess they’ve likely got some other advanced technology going on.

But this is never addressed. ADVERTISEMENTAtmosphere. Different planets have different atmospheres.

Take Earth and Mars, for instance – ours is 7. Red Planet. This means that the idea an alien race would live in a different atmosphere in Arrival is of course an accurate, and obvious, one. This is something that has been touched on in sci- fi before, notably in H. Wells’ The War of the Worlds, where Earth’s atmosphere ultimately defeats the invading Martian army. And it’s not just the atmosphere; us fragile humans need various injections to help them survive diseases the aliens might be carrying. The possibility of accidentally introducing a foreign virus into an ecosystem is very real.

All in all, Arrival does well. And perhaps best of all, it gives some welcome attention to linguistics, something you’d not typically expect to see in a major sci- fi film.