Longwave broadband upwelling irradiance: The rate at which radiant energy, at a wavelength longer than approximately 4 µm, is being emitted upwards into a radiation field and transferred across a surface area (real or imaginary) in a hemisphere of directions.

Radiative heating rate:The heating rate due to the divergence of long and shortwave radiative flux.

Net broadband total irradiance: The difference between upwelling and downwelling, covering longwave and shortwave radiation.

Radiometric terms for the IASOA data vocabulary are taken from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program’s measurement vocabulary. For the full reference, please visit: http://www.arm.gov/measurements.