1. General Description of Operational Capability.

a. Overall Mission Area. Joint operations require high-speed,
multimedia communications and information flow for deployed, on
the move (in-transit), or garrisoned forces. Current and future
joint operations require taking advantage of new technology and
information transfer systems to support modern warfare. The Global
Broadcast Service (GBS) will augment and interface with other
communications systems and provide a continuous, high-speed, one-way
flow of high volume information to deployed, on the move, or garrisoned
forces. GBS will support routine operations, training and military
exercises, special activities, crisis, situational awareness,
weapons targeting, intelligence, and the transition to and conduct
of opposed operations short of nuclear war. GBS will provide
the capability to quickly disseminate large information products
to various joint and small user platforms. Coverage will be worldwide.

b. Type of System Proposed. The Global Broadcast Service
(GBS) system is proposed as a satellite-based broadcast capability.

The broadcast signals would be transmitted to a large inventory
of user receive units within the CINCs' AOR. The basic capability,
previously unavailable, would provide a high data rate bit stream
of video, data, imagery, and other information from high powered
broadcast satellites to a large section of the force structure
and numerous warfighting platforms. The satellites will eventually
be required to provide continuous and simultaneous coverage to
broad regions of the earth's surface in support of widely dispersed
forces. The high data rate bit stream would be transmitted from
a limited number of fixed and deployable injection terminals and
controlled by the CINCs, and managed by the broadcast management
segment in each satellite field of view. The information being
transmitted is envisioned to have been received from a myriad
of sources and packaged for the high data rate bit stream by the
Satellite Broadcast Manager (SBM) at the direction of the CINCs.

The CINCs theater information manager is concerned with establishing
CINC priorities, authorizing user access, coordinating broadcast
schedules, and allocating resources. The system will take maximum
advantage of commercial products, technologies, and non-developmental
items. Decisions previously made: The Global Broadcast Service
was designated as a joint program on 27 March 1996, by direction
of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology
(USD(A&T)). A number of decisions were embedded in the formal
program designation and have also been approved by the Congress.

These include the current phased approach for providing satellite
broadcast payload assets over time. A major decision was made
to place a limited capability GBS payload onboard the last three
UHF Follow-On (UFO) spacecraft (UFO 8, 9, and 10). The major
performance features of the UFO GBS payload were briefed to and
endorsed by the Joint Requirements Oversight Council (JROC) and
the Expanded Defense Resources Board (EDRB). Due to the decision
regarding the UHF Follow-On spacecraft GBS capability, the space
segment assets will have at least three distinct phases of fielded
capability. The three phases are described below:Phase 1 (FY96
- FY98): Limited leased commercial satellite services operating
at Ku-band for concept of operations development, demonstrations,
and limited operational support.Phase 2 (FY98 - FY06+): Payload
packages hosted on UHF Follow-On satellites 8, 9, and 10 with
the downlink broadcast operating at 20.2-21.2 GHz (Ka-band).
As only three UHF Follow-On satellites will be equipped with the
GBS Ka-band payloads, the continued lease of commercial satellite
services at Ku-band will be required to augment UFO GBS where
coverage gaps exist and may be required to complement the UFO
GBS limited number and size of downlink beams.Phase 3 (FY06+):

The objective GBS on-orbit capability will provide increased
capacity, worldwide coverage, and the capability to broadcast
near continuous or time critical information to broadly dispersed
users. The specific solution for the GBS long-term capability
will be developed in accordance with the DOD MILSATCOM Architecture
as maintained by the DOD Space Architect.This GBS ORD accommodates
the decisions that have been made regarding the phased approach
for providing GBS on-orbit satellite payload capabilities, the
requirements for the fixed and transportable injection terminals
along with their associated broadcast management functions that
will support the use of the UHF Follow-On GBS payloads, and those
that will support the use of the Phase 3 space segment assets.

This ORD also describes the requirements of the user receive
units that will receive information from the UHF Follow-On satellite
GBS payloads and that will receive information from the Phase
3 space segment assets. Additionally, this ORD describes the
requirements for the Phase 3 GBS space segment capability, as
known today.

(1) Space Segment. The GBS space segment will
be implemented in three phases. Ground based Telemetry, Tracking
and Control (TT&C) resources will be required to manage the
space segment to ensure payload objectives are achieved. The
TT&C resources will be responsible for the space segment's
"health" and will resolve any space segment anomalies.

(2) Broadcast Management Segment (BMS). The broadcast management
segment will accept, coordinate, and package (if required), information
(general broadcast products, smart push products, user pull products)
from national and theater sources to be broadcast based on the
direction and priorities of the supported CINCs, commanders, and
their functional users. The BMS will also include the functions
necessary to support the efficient use of GBS. These functions
include, but are not limited to, providing interface protocols
and standards to allow information producers to submit information
in a form acceptable by the GBS broadcast, coordinate with Theater
Information Managers (TIMs) to apply CINC dissemination priorities
to information destined for broadcast in their respective AOR,
coordinate with TIMs and information producers to attempt to satisfy
users requests forwarded by the TIM and unable to be satisfied
by other means. The broadcast management segment will include
both transmit management and receive management functions. The
transmit function will manage the information flow to the appropriate
injection point for transmission to the satellite. The receive
function will support the filtering of user determined relevant
information from the broadcast streams and the dissemination of
the receiver information from receive suites to end users' servers
or application. The broadcast management segment will maximize
on-orbit capabilities to include uplink and downlink beam steerage
and transponder configurations. The broadcast management segment
will require manning to meet operational requirements.

(3)
Primary Injection Point (PIP): The PIP will uplink information
received from the broadcast management segment to the space segment.
The PIPs will be fixed facilities. For Phase 2 there will be
a PIP located within the footprint of each GBS equipped UFO satellite.

(4) Theater Injection Points (TIP): The TIP includes transmit
broadcast management and transmit uplink capabilities necessary
to accept, coordinate, package, and to transmit vital CINC/CJTF/component
directed in-theater information to the space segment. The TIP
will be a transportable system located ashore or afloat. Afloat
operations will require modifications to the TIP.

(5) Receive
Suites: The receive suite includes the receive terminal, cryptographic
equipment, (when required) and the receive broadcast management
equipment. The receive terminal will consist of a small satellite
antenna and receiver equipment that will receive and convert downlink
GBS radio frequency (RF) signal into a bit stream. The receive
broadcast management equipment will provide the functions necessary
to convert the broadcast into a video and DII and COE compatible
format. The receive suite will be owned, operated, and fielded
to lower echelons. The user is responsible for all peripheral
devices (i.e., TV, computer hardware, monitor, special encryption
devices, etc.) needed to make information useable.

c. Operational
Concept.

The operational concept for GBS is defined in the Joint
Concept of Operations dated 24 January 1996. Today's deployed,
on-the-move, and garrisoned forces require large volumes of information
tailored toward specific operations. Required tactical information
products include Air Tasking Orders (ATOs), Tomahawk Mission Data
Updates (MDUs), logistics, movement time tables, message traffic,
weather and environmentals, imagery, intelligence, Tactical Ballistic
Missile (TBM) warning, Integrated Broadcast Service (IBS)and various
tactical video (e.g., UAV video, commanders tactical briefings,
etc.). Other required information products include global news,
joint and service unique news, education and training, AFRTS,
and commercial TV products. Standard products and theater tailored
information that are placed on a broadcast as they become available,
in accordance with established user needs and priorities, and
in conformance with the CINC's dissemination policy, constitute
"Smart Push." Still other information products are
one-time needs identified by a user in response to operational
circumstances. Methods for identifying and processing these needs
constitute "User Pull." A broadcast system with the
capability for "Smart Push" and "User Pull"
holds great potential for providing warfighters with the right
information, at the right time, and the right place. Current
commercial digital broadcast satellite technology uses satellite-based
transponders communicating to users with small receive-only terminals
(24-inch or smaller antennas). GBS will apply this technology
to meet DoD requirements for high-volume information transfer
to the warfighters. GBS will provide one-way broadcasting of
relevant tactical and non-tactical products. Information products
will be sent from many distributed locations to reach the broadcast
management segment. It is imperative that GBS be fully integrated
as a part of the Defense Information Infrastructure (DII). GBS
must also support military operations with U.S. Allies and Coalition
Forces. GBS is not designated as a critical command and control
system, meaning that it will not have nuclear survivability and
hardening features incorporated. If the system must be used for
critical C2, it will be as a secondary delivery means. A primary
means of delivery will remain intact and be trained and sustained
to ensure mission success. Anti-jam is not required for GBS phase
2. There may be an anti-jam requirement for phase 3. In order
to meet the need for worldwide deployment of forces, the GBS system
must support the National Military Strategy. A key feature of
the GBS is CINC-responsive broadcast management functions. CINCs
will have the ability to tailor broadcast services for field units
to optimize the "Smart Push" aspect of the system.
In order to accommodate "User Pull," users will request
information through existing information retrieval paths. Requested
information will then be provided through existing information
source paths (using GBS when appropriate) to users. Transmit
broadcast management will be provided through the Satellite Broadcast
Manager (SBM) and TIM. The SBMs will be responsible to the GBS
system operational manager for managing all the broadcast resources
across the GBS system. The TIMs will have primary operational
control over what, when, and to whom information is disseminated
in a particular Area of Responsibility (AOR). The SBM will coordinate
with the TIMs to accept, package (if required), and schedule the
information to be broadcast. The Receive Broadcast Manager (RBM)
is the end user's tool to process the broadcast so that information
can be disseminated to end user systems (networks, workstations,
display devices, etc.) CINCs require the ability to broadcast
real-time and near real-time in-theater source information to
the in-theater users. This may be accomplished by either the
TIP or by virtual injection. The TIP is a transportable uplink
terminal with broadcast management functionality for direct injection
to a satellite's GBS payload. Virtual injection is the ability
to transmit in-theater source information back to the broadcast
management segment via other communications resources for ultimate
transmission to the theater via a PIP. The GBS will provide broadcast
services to selected echelons through a layered or scaleable architecture.

This architecture will compensate for differences in security
(classification) levels and classes of users, and the ways in
which users receive information products. It is the user's responsibility
to process user addressed information in the manner that best
suits their needs. Depending on the user's needs, receive suite
equipment will support a variety of configurations, from stand
alone to networks

. d. Support Concept.

The GBS will be supported
by the military service's and agency's existing organizational,
direct support and depot maintenance levels or contractor logistics
support. This system will take maximum advantage of commercial
products, technologies and non-developmental items. The government
may choose to retain rights regarding intellectual properties
developed for the GBS. Additionally, industry proprietary components
should be avoided to the maximum extent practicable. Manning
may be required for the operations and maintenance of the system.

e. Mission Needs Statement Summary.

The need for a GBS is defined
in the joint validated Mission Needs Statement (MNS) for Global
Broadcast Service dated 3 Aug 95. Current military satellite
communications systems are oversubscribed and are not designed
to deliver high volume, continuous information to multiple users.

Many products today require transmission of imagery and data
files with sizes in the megabyte range that require excessive
time to transmit via existing low data rate channels. Additionally,
many of these products require the use of multiple low speed channels
to transmit to multiple users. The implementation of GBS will
provide a worldwide, high capacity, one-way transmission means
for a variety of data, imagery, and other information required
to support joint forces.

2. Threat.

a. Threat to be Countered.
In a strategic environment threats are diverse and multi-national.

Threats include regional instability caused by ethnic, religious,
historical, and economic disputes; proliferation of weapons of
mass destruction; and trans-national dangers such as global terrorist
groups and drug traffickers. From a tactical perspective, theater
commanders are challenged by regional factions seeking to expand
their influence by coercion or force. These potential opponents
range from nations with modern conventional military forces, organized
terrorists and insurgent organizations to small bands of individuals
armed with any weapon available. b. Projected Threat Environment.

The threats to GBS include warfare directed against the GBS broadcast
and GBS information systems, electronic warfare directed against
the satellite links, and physical destruction of the GBS segments.

The general threat environment for all information systems is
described in the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) publication
DST-2660F-210-94, Command, Control, Communications, Computers,
and Intelligence Systems and Networks; Telecommunications Networks;
and Automated Information Systems Threat Environment Description
(TED), dated 15 January 1994. The general threats to GBS satellite
links are described in the DIA publication DST-26110S-111-94,
Electronic Warfare Threat to Satellite Communication Links - Foreign,
dated 31 March 1994. The general threat environment for the GBS
space segment is described in the National Air Intelligence Center
(NAIC) publication NAIC-1571-727-95, Space Systems TED, dated
11 September 1995. A MILSATCOM System Threat Assessment Report
(STAR), to include threats to the GBS, is being developed by the
497th Intelligence Group and National Air Intelligence Center.

3.
Shortcomings of Existing Systems.

The current MILSATCOM architecture
does not meet modern, high data dissemination rate requirements
such as video and imagery transmission. Current military satellite
assets either cannot support, or would have difficulty delivering,
multi-megabit broadcasts to multiple receivers using small antennas
or to mobile users without significantly limiting or curtailing
other critical two-way voice and data services to the warfighter.

The Conduct of the Persian Gulf War--The Final Report to Congress,
April 1992 highlights the limited ability of current military
and civilian satellite communications systems to provide responsive,
high-capacity communications to deployed, mobile tactical units.

4.
Capabilities Required.

GBS Phase 2 requirements are identified.
GBS Phase 3 required capabilities have been identified where
known. Phase 3 requirements either specified or unspecified (TBD)
will be addressed in future revisions. Requirements are delineated
as Threshold or Objective, and some threshold requirements are
further defined as a Key Performance Parameter (KPP). The threshold
value is the minimum acceptable value that, in the user's judgment,
is necessary to satisfy the need. If threshold values are not
achieved, program performance is seriously degraded, the program
may be too costly, or the program may no longer be timely. The
objective value is that desired by the user and which the PM is
attempting to obtain. The objective value could represent an
operationally meaningful, time critical, and cost-effective increment
above the threshold for each program parameter. Program objectives
(parameters, and values) may be refined based on the results of
the preceding program phase(s). A Key Performance Parameter (KPP)
is that capability or characteristic so significant that failure
to meet the threshold can be cause for the concept or system selection
to be reevaluated or the program to be reassessed or terminated.

a. System Performance:

(1) GBS System Shall: (a) Comply
with the open system, non-proprietary network and communications
protocol standards outlined in the DII COE Integration and Runtime
Specification (I&RTS), Version 2.0, October 1995, and subsequent
revisions as deemed appropriate by Service Acquisition Executive
(SAE) at program reviews or milestone decisions. (Phases 2 and
3 Threshold)

(i) Once products are received by the SBM and within the parameters
specified in this JORD, support dissemination of national and
theater generated products within the timeline specified in the
Assured Receipt of Imagery for Tactical Forces, Mission Need Statement,
dated 2 July 1990. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(j) Be capable
of broadcasting and receiving at variable data rates to provide
the required system BER and end-to-end link availability in the
following UFO GBS terminal combinations:

(3) Satellite Broadcast Management (SBM)

(a) Share and reallocate available bandwidth between various
users, information products, multi-media types (data, video, audio),
and security releasability levels, without interruption to the
broadcast. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(b) Schedule the broadcast
to meet the timeliness requirements of each product when taken
in aggregate, within the constraints imposed on the broadcast
by information product availability, the CINC's dissemination
policy, the user needs, the information priorities, and the satellite
spot beam coverage. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(c) Have the
ability to provide minimum 90 percent (Phase 2 Threshold), and
95 percent (Phase 2 Objective), (Phase 3 Threshold) statistical
assurance of receipt of the selected information to end users.
System shall also provide flexibility to ensure selected CINC's
information is delivered to end users with a range of confidences
up to statistical assurance of receipt.

(f) Receive DII compliant information
from information producers, provide it to the uplink, and coordinate
with the TIMs, to meet smart push and user pull requests. (Phases
2 and 3 Threshold)

(g) Have the ability to protect and store
queued information and system equipment in order to resume broadcast
operations after loss or fluctuations of external power. When
power fails or fluctuates, the system shall automatically provide
uninterrupted power for 10 minutes (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)
and 20 minutes. (Phase 2 Objective)

(c) Have a two-way voice radio communications
capability, (Army requirement, Combat Net Radio (CNR)) and Global
Positioning System (GPS) capability mounted in the prime mover
for the TIP. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(d) Have primary
power provided by both noise suppressed generators or commercial
power 110/220 AC at 60/50 Hz for 24 hours continuous operations.
(Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(e) Have the ability to protect
queued information and system equipment in order to resume broadcast
operations after loss or fluctuation of external power. When
power fails or fluctuates, the system shall automatically provide
uninterrupted power for 10 minutes (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)
and 20 minutes. (Phase 2 Objective)

(f) Shall be configured
with water tight, corrosion resistant, full face covers to protect
the controls and components from environment and moderate impact
damage. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(c) Receive one transponder data stream at a time from a single
satellite. (Phase 2 Threshold) Simultaneously, receive 4 transponder
streams from a single satellite. (Phase 2 Objective)

(d) Be
scaleable and configurable to satisfy a variety of user installations
and broadcast receive requirements. Scaleable configurations
shall include at a minimum the following: 1. Unclassified video;
2. Unclassified video and one classified video or data stream
for connection to user supplied peripheral devices; 3. Unclassified
video and two or more classified video or data streams with the
capability for a local area network or DISN interconnection.
(Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(e) Include a configuration capable of receiving at the commercial
Ku band between 10.5-13.5 GHz. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(9)Transportable Ground Receive Terminals (TGRT)

shall:

(a) Incorporate all the requirements of the Fixed Ground Receive
Terminals with the exception of 4.a.(8).(a). (b) Be packaged
in protective, impact resistant transit cases which are water
tight, offer a means of physical security, not exceed two-person
lift weight limit with equipment, and can be lifted by two persons
(applies to all TGRT receive suite equipment)(Phase 2 Threshold)
37.5 pounds, single person lift (Phase 2 Objective). (c) Prior
to satellite acquisition, the maximum one-man set-up time from
transport configuration to receive configuration is 1 hour (Phase
2 Threshold) and 30 minutes (Phase 2 Objective) ( Phase 3 Threshold)
(applies to all TGRT receive suite equipment). (d) Require
no special tools for set-up or breakdown (applies to all TGRT
receive suite equipment). (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(e) Be
capable of being setup and operated in full MOPP IV NBC protective
gear or cold weather clothing (applies to all receive suite equipment).
(Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) Setup time requirements above do
not apply. (f) Include an antenna capable of operating in blowing
sand, dust and snow environments during 30 mph winds, and in -250
F to 1100 F climatic conditions at all humidity levels. (Phases
2 and 3 Threshold) (10) Airborne Receive Terminal (ART)
shall: (a) Interoperate with TBD on-board systems (e.g.,
power, cooling, and weapon systems) and be flight certified.
(Phase 3 Threshold) (b) Receive GBS broadcast on aircraft at
an attitude within 30 pitch and 30 roll from level flight (pitch
and roll rates TBD). (Phase 3 Threshold) ART shall receive the
GBS broadcast in all flight configurations and attitudes. (Phase
3 Objective) (c) Be operable by aircrews wearing biological
protective ensemble and cold weather gear. (Phase 3 Threshold)
(11) Shipboard Receive Terminals (SRT): (a) SRT above
deck equipment shall be protected by radome or other protective
covers capable of protecting the equipment to withstand conditions
of salt spray and icing from -40 to 1220 F. The above deck
equipment shall be capable of operating in winds of 75 knots and
shall be capable of surviving winds up to 100 knots. The terminal
shall not sustain damage due to ship motions. The terminal shall
be capable of operating in sea state 5 and surviving sea state
6 (Beaufort's wind scale). (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (b)
Tracking error due to platform motion, excluding all other sources
of pointing error, shall not cause degradation of the receive
signal level in excess of 0.5 dB rms at the specified frequency
ranges. The antenna system shall provide unlimited azimuth motion
and a -10o to 100o range of elevation. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)
(c) In addition to meeting the frequency requirements specified
in 4.a.(7)(b), (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) the SRT shall also receive
at the frequencies of 19.2-20.2 GHz (commercial Ka band), and
10.5-13.5 GHz (commercial Ku band). (Phase 2 Objective) (d)
Shipboard receive suite shall conform to standard 19 inch equipment
rack configuration and operate on existing shipboard power. (Phases
2 and 3 Threshold) (12) Sub Surface (Submarine) Receive
Terminal (SSRT): (a) SSRT incorporates all the requirements
of the shipboard receive suites plus the additional requirements
listed below: (b) SSRT antenna may be as small as 16 inches
in diameter, and must be mast retractable. (Phase 2 Threshold)
(c) All external SSRT components shall be capable of withstanding
all submarine class dependent environmental and operating conditions
to test depth pressures and salt water environments. (Phases
2 and 3 Threshold) (d) SSRT and all below deck equipment must
be able to pass through a 25 inch hatch with minimum disassembly.
(Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (13) Ground Mobile Receive Terminal
(GMRT) shall be capable of receiving and processing the GBS
downlink while on the move. (Phase 3 Threshold) (14) Manpack
Receive Terminal (MRT) shall be a manpackable version suitable
for special operations. (Phase 3 Threshold) b. Logistics
and Readiness: (1) Mobility Requirements:

The TIP shall use the HMMWV family, or its life-cycle
replacement, as its prime mover. The vehicles shall not exceed
vehicle weight limits when loaded with maximum prescribed load
and a normal combat load of equipment, personal gear, and supplies
for two persons per vehicle. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (b)
The TIP shall be palletized and easily dismounted, by three persons,
from its primary mover and transferred to another prime mover,
within 2 hours, in a tactical environment without any specialized
equipment. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (c) The TIP equipment
and components shall be secured to the pallet in such a manner
as to facilitate physical security, dismounting for replacement,
storage, and repair. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (d) The TIP
shall be capable of unrestricted highway and marine transport,
have military standard lifting and tie-down provisions, and meet
applicable rail transportation requirements. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)
(e) The palletized TIP, minus prime mover, shall be capable
of being sling loaded by a UH-60 aircraft. The complete TIP with
prime mover shall be capable of being sling loaded by CH-47D and
CH-53E/D aircraft. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (f) The complete
TIP with prime mover shall be capable of single C-130 roll-on/roll-off.
(Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (2) Reliability, Maintainability,
and Availability: The availability requirements specified
below do not include link availability, which is specified elsewhere.
(a) The mean repair time (unscheduled maintenance) for the
PIP and TIP shall be 1.5 hours or less. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)
(b) The mean time between operational mission failure (MTBOMF)
for all receive terminals minus crypto shall be 2,000 hours (Phase
2 Threshold) and 5,000 hours. (Phase 2 Objective) Does not apply
to SSRT antenna systems. (c) The SBM shall have an operational
availability of 99.00 percent (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) and 99.99
percent. (Phases 2 and 3 Objective) (d) The
PIP shall have a minimum operational availability of 99.00 percent,
(Phase 2 Threshold) and 99.9 percent. (Phase 2 Objective) (e)
The TIP shall have a minimum operational availability of 93 percent.
(Phase 2 Threshold) c. Other System Characteristics:
Security Accreditation. (1) The GBS shall meet Designated
Accreditation Authority (DAA) accreditation requirements. (Phases
2 and 3 Threshold) (2) GBS receive suites without crypto shall
be releasable to allied forces for receiving appropriate GBS broadcasts
and shall not be a controlled cryptographic item. (Phases 2 and
3 Threshold) (3) GBS receive suites with approved crypto shall
be releasable to allied forces for receiving appropriate GBS broadcast.
(Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)5. Program Support.
The GBS should take maximum advantage of existing logistics support
infrastructures. When practicable, GBS components shall be common
and modular in order to minimize logistic concerns and allow greater
flexibility in the potential for cross-matching fielded components.
All training, maintenance and support will be in
accordance with Service policies and procedures. a. Maintenance
Planning. (1) A direct exchange capability shall be
developed for GBS receive suites. The materiel developer shall
perform supportability analysis as an integral part of the systems
engineering process, and will develop logistics support concepts
that provide for cost effective total life-cycle logistics support.
Operator level maintenance will be limited to basic care, cleaning,
and replacement of expendables such as fuses and filters. Lowest
level repair shall be accomplished at the organizational or direct
support level. All other maintenance shall be accomplished at
the depot level. For Navy, intermediate level maintenance involvement
should be limited to the installation and deinstallation of above
deck equipment. (2) Scheduled routine maintenance for the SBM,
PIP, and TIP shall be performed without disruption to service
operations and shall not exceed one maintenance hour per 24 hour
period. (3) The scheduled routine maintenance for all receive
suites shall not exceed 20 minutes for a 24 hour period. (4)
Vehicle and generator maintenance shall be accomplished in accordance
with existing maintenance procedures. (5) Cryptographic equipment
shall be repaired in accordance with COMSEC maintenance policies
and procedures. b. Support Equipment. (1) Where
applicable, GBS shall use Built-In-Test (BIT) diagnostics that
fault isolate to a single Line Replaceable Unit (LRU) or component.
(2) Special purpose electronic test equipment, special purpose
support equipment and special purpose tools should be avoided
to the maximum extent possible. When required, non-developmental
test equipment shall be used.c. Human Systems Integration.
(1) Training and Documentation: (a) Initial operational
and maintenance (O&M) training on the JPO funded receive suites
will be provided by the installation team. Since SBMs and PIPs
will be contractor operated and maintained, there are no initial
training requirements. Provisions shall be available for training
should it be desired to transition from contractor to government
operation and maintenance at a later date. TIP training shall
be provided by the manufacturer upon delivery. Initial factory
training shall be provided to service selected O&M instructors
(train the trainers) on receive suites and TIPs. Follow-on training
will be provided through Service specific formal training channels.
Service unique training requirements will be service funded.
Maximum advantage will be taken of commercially available embedded
training. (b) Training materials provided will include as a
minimum video and hardcopy, (electronic form where available):
Operator and maintainer tutorials. (c) Operator and maintenance
technical documentation will be provided with the receive suites
and TIPs at the time of delivery. This documentation will also
be provided at a later date for the PIPs and SBMs, if transition
to government operations and maintenance is desired. (2) Manpower
and Force Structure Assessment: Operation of the GBS receive
suites should not require additional manning. Additional manning
will be required for the PIP, TIP and SBM. Additional manning
may be required for the maintenance of receive suites. (3)
Personnel Assessment: No new Skill Identifier shall be
required to operate or maintain the GBS. (4) Health Hazards/System
Safety: GBS must conform to applicable human engineering
design criteria. The Materiel Developer will arrange for a Health
Hazard Assessment (HHA) on GBS. The GBS program will include
system and personnel safety programs. The system safety program
will be in compliance with the latest DoD policies or an equivalent
commercial standard. Safety critical issues will be addressed
and documented during system design and deployment. Federal Occupational
Safety Health Administration (OSHA) regulations, Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) regulations, appropriate service regulations,
and appropriate industry standards will be implemented for safety.
(5) Manpower Estimates: Each Service component shall
provide a separate personnel estimate needed to operate, maintain,
support, and provide training for the program. d. Computer
Resources. When applicable, GBS software updates will
be installed at the operator level by manual and automatic over
the air broadcast means. The GBS broadcast management and terminal
components shall provide checks for computer operating system
viruses during systems initialization and routine operations.
e. Other Logistics Considerations. For Army and
Air Force employment, logistics support should include sufficient
quantities of Mobility Readiness Spares Packages and Peace-time
Operating Stocks for continued supportability. For the Navy and
Marine Corps, spares will be based on On Board Repair Parts requirements
as calculated for each platform. If required, spares will be
pre-positioned. In compliance with Continuous Acquisition Lifecycle
Support, GBS shall comply with specifications and standards approved
within DoD for creation, use, and management of technical and
other data in digital form. f. Command, Control, Communications,
Computers, and Intelligence. (1) GBS is not a critical
command and control system. Critical command and control information
products may be transmitted over GBS but not as a primary means.
(2) "User Pull" requests will utilize other communications
systems from the users to the information source, TIM, or SBM
for requesting specific GBS information. The goal of GBS is to
minimize the impact of these requests on existing tactical and
strategic communications systems. User pull requests will be
minimized through habitual profile for customer types. g. Transportation
and Basing. Terminal distribution and basing location
will be consistent with existing force structures and deployment
concepts. The actual terminal allocations and delivery rates
will be IAW the priorities established by service requirements
and missions. The number and locations of injection points will
be established as required to support operations in support of
the theater CINC. h. Standardization, Interoperability,
and Commonality. (1) GBS will conform with applicable
information technology standards outlined in the DoD Joint Technical
Architecture (JTA). (2) Only National Security Agency (NSA)
endorsed and approved security products, techniques and protective
services shall be used to secure classified GBS telecommunications.
Electronic keying shall be applied to all cryptographic processes
implemented by the GBS. All cryptographic systems must be interoperable
with the Electronic Key Management System (EKMS), and the Joint
Key Management System (JKMS). (3) Comply with the open system,
non-proprietary network and communications protocol standards
outlined in theDII COE Integration and Runtime Specification
(I&RTS), Version 2.0, October 1995, and subsequent revisions
as deemed appropriate by Service Acquisition Executive (SAE) at
program reviews or milestone decisions. (4) When practicable,
GBS connection into the existing and future communications architecture
will be through established DISN gateways. i. Mapping,
Charting, and Geodesy Support.PIPs, TIPs and
receive suites require accurate geographic positional information.
j. Environmental Support. Climatic data and analysis
will be required to determine: (1) Suitable locations for PIPs
and TIPs. (2) Conditions that would cause rapid and excessive
corrosion to normally exposed antennas. (3) Excessive temperature
and humidity conditions that would require above normal protection
of sheltered system equipment. (4) Solar-geophysical vulnerabilities
of the space segment, PIP, and TIP. (5) Suitable receive site
antenna upgrades to achieve high link availability in heavy rain
regions. (6) Appropriate GBS broadcast data rates to users
in harsh climatic environments.6. Force Structure.
Additional manning will be required for the PIPs, TIPs, SBMs
and may be required for the operation and maintenance of receive
suites. The force structures for these facilities
are presently TBD. The GBS receive suite will be operated by general
purpose users. a. The Theater Injection Point (TIP) will
be fielded to: (1) Army: The TIP will be fielded to
signal brigades and to division signal battalions. Three TIPs
will be fielded during Phase 2 and 14 will be fielded during Phase
3. Approximately 7 personnel will be required to operate each
TIP (3 for uplink, 4 for broadcast management). (2) Navy:
None. The Navy intends to use organic communications to accomplish
virtual theater injection. (3) Air Force: TBD (4) USMC:
None b. Ground Receive Suites will be fielded to:
(1) Army: A total of 504 receive suites will be fielded to
Force Packages I, II, and III, and Force Support Packages I and
II. (2) Navy: Total of 166 receive suites, of which, 50 will
be manpackable receive suites. All shore requirements shall be
met by 2004.

d. Shipboard and Submarine Receive Suites will be
fielded to: (1) Navy: 300 shipboard, 66 submarine. The
Navy intends to field receive suites on all classes of ships and
submarine platforms. With the exception of submarines, all ships
in every deploying battle group shall be equipped. Specifically,
at least three battle groups in FY 1998, four in FY 1999, and
four in FY 2000. All command and Flag capable ships not assigned
as members of deploying battle groups shall be equipped by April
1999. All ships in each deploying Middle Eastern Force (MEF)
or comparable task force shall be equipped. Starting in FY 2001,
a minimum of 42 ships not assigned to deploying battle groups
shall be equipped each year until the total requirement is achieved.
Fifty-five percent of the total ship requirement should be equipped
by FY 2000. All ship and submarine requirements should be equipped
by FY 2004. Submarines shall be equipped in conjunction with
installation of their submarine high data rate antenna capability.
The quantity of platforms by ship class is shown.

(6) Demonstrated smart push and user pull capability. (7)
Logistical support is in place to support the system. (8) Leased
commercial satellite services or other forms of transporting GBS
information shall be required to augment UFO GBS coverage gaps
over CONUS.