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Second Treatise on Civil Government

Summary

The central principles of what today is broadly known as political liberalism were made current in large part by Locke's "Second Treatise of Government" (1690). The principles of individual liberty, the rule of law, government by consent of the people, and the right to private property are taken for granted as fundamental to the human condition now. Most liberal theorists writing today look back to Locke as the source of their ideas. Some maintain that religious fundamentalism, "post-modernism," and socialism are today the only remaining ideological threats to liberalism. To the extent that this is true, these ideologies are ultimately attacks on the ideas that Locke, arguably more than any other, helped to make the universal vocabulary of political discourse.

Table of Contents

Editor's Introduction

vii

(16)

Bibliography

xxiii

A Note on the Text

1

(1)

Title pages of the Two Treatises

2-3

(1)

1764 Editor's Note

4

(1)

Locke's Preface to the Two Treatises

5

(2)

THE SECOND TREATISE

7

Chapter I

7

(1)

II Of the State of Nature

8

(6)

III Of the State of War

14

(3)

IV Of Slavery

17

(1)

V Of Property

18

(12)

VI Of Paternal Power

30

(12)

VII Of Political or Civil Society

42

(10)

VIII Of the Beginning of Political Societies

52

(13)

IX Of the Ends of Political Society and Government

65

(3)

X Of the Forms of a Common-wealth

68

(1)

XI Of the Extent of the Legislative Power

69

(6)

XII Of the Legislative, Executive, and Federative Power of the Common-wealth