NCERT / CBSE NOTES : Chapter Summary

URBAN ADMINISTRATION

People in urban areas earn their living in various ways.
They are either self-employed or work for someone.

Several people also travel from rural to urban areas in search of work. Most of
these workers are self-employed and work on streets selling goods, repairing
items or providing services. They build temporary shops, use carts or
simply spread plastic sheets. Initially the hawkers weren’t allowed to do
business in certain areas.

However, the government has now allotted areas in the city where they could set
up their shops. A large number of people work in factories and industries in
and around the city. They may either be permanent or temporary, called ‘casual
basis’.

These temporary workers are forced to search for other jobs when they go out of
job. There is no job security for them. In cities, there are groups of people
sitting or standing in chowks waiting to be employed by someone. Such places
are called “labour chowk”.

Some people also run shops, showrooms and supermarkets which are licensed by
the municipal corporation. These people hire supervisors and helpers to run
their business smoothly.

Several workers are permanently employed in private companies, factories,
offices and government departments. They get a regular monthly salary.

These employees are also entitled to other benefits such as savings for old
age, holidays as well as annual leave and medical facilities.

CBSE NCERT Class VI (6th) | Social Studies | Civics

Chapter : URBAN ADMINISTRATION

CBSE NCERT Solved Question Answer

Q1. Why did the children go to Yasmin Khala's house?

Children went to Khala’s house because she had just got retired
from the Municipal Corporation and they thought she would be the best person to
guide them in the matter of street light and its management.

Q2. What is sub contracting?

In order to save money the Commissioners of several municipalities
across the country had hired private contractors to collect and process garbage.
This is called Sub-Contracting. This means that the work that was earlier being
done by government workers is now being done by a private company.

Q3. How is the office of commissioner different from a councillor?

(i)The
Councillor's Committees and the councillors decide on the issues and the Commissioner
and the administrative staff implement these.

(ii)The Commissioner
and the administrative staff are appointed whereas the Councillors are elected.

Q4. How is a ward councillor elected?

The city is divided into different wards and ward councillor
get elected from it. The complicated decisions that affect the ward are taken by
these councillors. These councillors further in a group also form committees to
decide and debate issue which affects the whole city.

Q5. Write few lines on the life of contract workers.

·These contract workers get paid less and their jobs
are temporary.

·Collecting garbage is quite a dangerous job and often
these contract workers do not have any access to safety measures

·They are also not taken care of if they are injured
while working.

Q6. What are the sources of money of the Municipal Corporation?

Municipal Corporation gets its money from variety of taxes such as-

•People who own homes have to pay a property tax

•Taxes for water and other services are collected.

•There are also taxes for education and other amenities.

•Entertainment tax.

Q7. List the functions of Municipal Corporation.

·It takes care of street lights, garbage collection
and water supply.

·It keeps the streets and the market clean.

·Municipal Corporation is also responsible for ensuring
that diseases do not break out in the city.

·It also runs schools, hospitals and dispensaries.

·It makes parks and gardens and maintains them.

Q8. What did Gangabai do and why?

·Gangabai along with other women went to the Ward
Councillor to protest against the situation of sanitation in the area.

·Gangabai described the situation in the locality
to him who promised to go with them the next day to meet the Commissioner.

·He asked Gangabai to get a petition signed by all
of the adults in the locality saying that garbage was not being collected.

·The Commissioner met with this large group but began
giving excuses. It took another larger and more noisy protest for the sanitation
service

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