Burned By Meteorites: Beware Rock-Bottom Bargains

Meteorite hunters are converging on Chelyabinsk, Russia, seeking pieces of a space rock that exploded above that city last week, injuring 1,200 people. Even small fragments, they say, could be worth thousands of dollars.

Want one? Experts on buying, selling and collecting interstellar rocks advise caution. You can be hoodwinked by unscrupulous meteorite dealers. Worse, you can buy a bona fide meteorite, and, by failing to show it proper care, see it disintegrate into stardust before your very eyes.

"The consumer needs to understand that these rocks come from space," says Eric Twelker, founder and proprietor of The Meteorite Market, oldest such marketplace on the Internet. "Many are unstable on Earth. If you put your space rock on your coffee table, it may disintegrate or rust."

On Earth some meteorites are more unstable than others, he says. One variety, found in China, "just rusts into a pile of oozing mush." Another, from Kansas, sports beautiful crystals; but it, too, may rust and the crystals pop out.

How do you know if what you're buying is really a meteorite?
You don't, says Twelker. All you have to go on, as an amateur, is the reputation of the seller.

The market for meteorites, he says, "is a bit like the Wild West." His fellow dealers he calls "a bunch of pirates." No independent authority guarantees a space rock's authenticity. Whereas the gem industry has laboratories like the Gem Institute of America that will examine and certify a gem, there's nothing comparable to that for meteorites.

"The certificates you get?" says Twelker. "They're just pieces of paper"—an attestation by a dealer that a meteorite is real. But the market is replete with unscrupulous dealers, he warns. "You can buy a rock from some guy's driveway if you're not careful." According to him, eBay is "a good place" to get stuck with a driveway rock. "I have a very low opinion of eBay," he says.

For legitimate meteorites, a variety of factors determine price, starting with supply and demand.

Twelker's site has one group of meteorites that go for $1.50 each with every order of $20 or more. The reason for the rock-bottom price? "There's a huge supply of them—probably thousands of tons" from a deposit in northwest Africa.

"What's hot" also determines price. For example, the Russian meteorite right now is hot. Asked if any genuine fragments of it have come to market yet, Twelker replies, "None that I'm aware of. But I'm keeping track. There's been some dirt from the area on eBay; but whether or not it's real is the next question." He prefers not to buy hot stuff. "It's too easy to get burned," he warns. "First-blush stuff I tend to steer away from."

Finally, in estimating price, there's the issue of whether anybody saw the meteorite fall. A so-called "witnessed fall" makes a meteorite more valuable to academic and institutional buyers, who like specimens with as little weathering as possible, Twelker explains. A meteorite whose fall was recently observed is known to be fresh.

Academic and institutional buyers account for about one third of all buyers, according to Twelker. The rest of the market is divided between serious collectors and novelty-seekers—people who want a meteorite to put on their coffee table, say, or to give as a birthday present.

As for sellers, they are distributed all over the world. Twelker buys from sellers in Africa, Russia, Australia and Canada.

The size of the entire market for meteorites, he says, is hard to estimate; but it's tiny in comparison, say, to the market for stamp-collecting.

Pieces of the moon and of Mars generally command higher prices than rocks from other planets.

A nice piece of Mars will run you, per gram, anywhere from $200 to $1,000. A moon rock typically commands $1,000 per gram or more. Twelker says he has a hard time selling anything priced over $30,000, though on his site right there's a "90-pound, beautiful, crusted iron meteorite" that fell to earth in Russia in 1947. Price: $39,000.

The most expensive meteorite of which he is aware is an 11 kilogram lunar chunk worth $11 million. Its owner, he says, is having trouble selling it. "You can't just dump something like that onto the market."

Could meteorites be considered an investment?

"For some people they could be," he says, "if you know what you're doing." Prices have gone up consistently since he started his website in 1995, he says. But an investor would have to know how to care for what he buys, given the fact that so many space rocks are subject to decay. "You've got to be good at managing the instability problem, or else you've got lumps of rust at the end of your investment period."

Then, too, transaction costs can erode profits. "The difference between what you pay and what you later can sell for is substantial," he says, "unless you manage to buy at dealer price and sell at retail." Certain collectors, he says, do quite well. "But I don't recommend it for the ordinary person."

What meteorite could be considered the most collectible one ever to visit Earth?

A case could be made for the rock whose impact is believed to have taken out the dinosaurs. Geophysicists think its impact site may have been what today is the Chicxulub crater, off the Yucatan Peninsula. Judging by that crater's size, the asteroid would have been some six miles in diameter.

If, however, a dealer ever tries to sell you a hunk of it (marketing slogan: "The Dinosaurs' Loss, Your Gain!"), walk away. You'd be better off saving up to buy the Brooklyn Bridge.

"Here again," explains Twelker, " the problem is one of instability. That asteroid hit the Earth 60 million years ago. It would long ago have disintegrated, or, as we say, terrestrialized."