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In 2004, the world was shocked by images of torture and sexual abuse of detainees by the US Army in Abu-Ghraib, an Iraqi detention facility. Abuse included sodomy, rape, torture, and homicide. Criminal investigation were held, with dozens of officers convicted and court-martialed. But reasons leading to the Abu-Ghraib abuse trace back to high-level Bush administration policy. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld and other Bush cabinet members authorized aggressive interrogation techniques, including sexual abuse. The legality of such techniques were later defended by Vice President Cheney.