Named Entity Results, 86 BC

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y their debts by the sale of their estates, they cannot make up their minds to do so.
voluntas et causa, their purposes and claims, i.e. their position before the world.
tu: the use of the singular, as if he were addressing one of these men directly, gives point to his reproach of the whole class.
sis: § 444 (268); B. 277; G. 466; H. 5591 4 (484, v); H.-B. 503.
tuas: emphatic.
tabulas novas, new accounts, i.e. a general scaling down of debts by legislative enactment, such as that, B.C. 86, "which reduced every private claim to the fourth part of its nominal amount, and cancelled three-fourths in favor of the debtors."
auctionariae: a forced sale of their estates would give them "new accounts" (tabulae) by reducing their debts; auctionarinae [tabulae] would be the placards advertising the sale in question.
quod, obj. of facere, relating to the forced sale.
neque, and not, connects facere and certare.
certare cum usuris, struggle to meet the interest: § 413, b (248, b);

1).
haruspicum: the haruspices were Etruscan soothsayers, who interpreted the will of the gods, chiefly from the entrails of animals sacrificed. They were a private class, of low standing, and are not to be confounded with the augurs, who were a board of Roman noblemen, of high rank, who interpreted the auspices according to the native Roman rules, chiefly by the flight of birds, by lightning, etc.
Cinnam, etc.: L. Cornelius Cinna was colleague of Marius, and ruled Rome after his death, B.C. 86. L. Cornelius Sulla ruled Rome B.C. 82-79 (see sect. 24).
virginam: the Vestal Virgins, six in number, maidens of high rank, consecrated to chastity and the service of Vesta. They were peculiarly sacred, and were highly privileged. Violation of their vow of chastity was incestus, and was regarded as a prodigium of very bad omen. Of the incident referred to here nothing further is known.
Capitoli: the temple of Jupiter Capitolinus (see "Plunder of Syracuse," sect. 15) was burned during

ntulus (B.C. 70). clarissimo: observe the art with which Cicero here again calls attention to the connection of Archias with the distinguished Romans any one of whom could at any moment have procured him the citizenship if he had not already possessed it.
apud exercitum, i.e. in the war against Mithridates (see Pompey's Military Command).
superioribus, sc. censoribus. New censors were regularly appointed every five years; those here referred to were Q. Marcius Philippus and M. Perperna (B.C. 86). In the present instance the succession had been interfered with by Sulla, but restored in B.C. 70.
in Asia: this was in the First Mithridatic War, in which Lucullus served as quaestor to Sulla.
primis, i.e. the first after the passage of the lex Plautia-Papiria: these were L. Julius Caesar and P. Crassus (B.C. 89).
esse versatum (sc. eum), had availed himself of: this clause is the obj. of criminaris.
testamentum, etc., acts which no foreigner could do.
in beneficiis, etc., his na