Policy Background:

The Texas Legislature created the Driver Responsibility Program (DRP) in 2003 to encourage more responsible driving and to generate revenue for the state. Under the program, the Texas Department of Public Safety levies annual, administrative surcharges on the drivers’ licenses of people convicted of certain traffic offenses; some of the funds go towards repaying Texas trauma hospitals, which absorb hundreds of millions of dollars in uncompensated healthcare costs every year.

Despite its good intentions, the DRP has created more problems than it has solved: it has led to more unlicensed, uninsured motorists, with great costs to Texas arising from accidents among these drivers; it has failed to collect predicted surcharge fees; it has increased courts’ caseload backlogs, while raising counties’ court and jail costs; and it poses substantial and disproportionate financial hardship on low-income drivers and families.

Key Facts:

The DRP’s failures are of such magnitude that former State Representative Mike Krusee, the original author of the bill creating the program, has called it “a mistake,” saying it is “past time to either revise or repeal the program.”[1]

Many DRP violators are unable to pay assessed surcharges, resulting in 60% of surcharges going unpaid.[2] This is despite changes made to the program during the 2009 and 2011 legislative sessions to induce more Texans to pay overdue surcharges.

While overall traffic fatalities have decreased somewhat in recent years, data indicate that the DRP has failed to change driver behavior as it relates to a significant traffic-related offense: drunk driving. From 2003 to 2013, the percentage of fatal automobile crashes in Texas that involve alcohol increased from 26.3% to 32%.[4]

Unable to pay the surcharges (on top of criminal penalties and court fines), nearly 1.3 million drivers now have invalid licenses.[5] Since a valid driver’s license is a requirement to purchase liability insurance, many of those drivers may no longer be able to insure their vehicles. As such, the program has likely increased the number of uninsured motorists on Texas roads – as well as increasing the cost of accidents with drivers lacking liability insurance.[6]

Survey data indicate that low-income drivers are more likely to lose their jobs, are less likely to find a new job, and are less able to afford increased insurance premiums after having their drivers’ licenses suspended for unpaid surcharges.[7] As such, DRP surcharges may be posing substantial and disproportionate financial hardship on low-income drivers, increasing unemployment and the public costs associated with it, and hindering the ability of men and women to meet familial obligations.

Many Texans consider the DRP a kind of backdoor double jeopardy.[8] Levying an administrative penalty on top of a criminal one for the same offense violates the spirit of the constitutional protection against double jeopardy. So, in addition to being ineffective and unfair, the DRP represents a significant expansion of state power at the expense of individual liberty.

[2]El Paso Times, “Reform sought in Texas ticket surcharge program,” September 22, 2013; http://www.elpasotimes.com/ci_24149800/state-tickets. “Since its inception in 2003, the Driver Responsibility Program has collected only $1.14 billion of the $2.85 billion of the charges it levied.”

[5] Texas Department of Public Safety, email to State Rep. Sylvester Turner. Data available upon request. More than 2 million people have lost their drivers licenses as a result of unpaid surcharges, with around 1.3 million licenses currently suspended for lack of payment.

[6] In 2000, a federal study analyzed costs from auto accidents, including medical costs, property damage, etc., attributing $230.6 billion in costs to 16.4 million auto accidents nationwide, at an average cost of $14,061 per accident. [See The Economic Impact of Motor Vehicle Crashes 2000, prepared by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2002; http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/809446.PDF.] Adjusting for inflation, that’s $19,283 in 2014 dollars. Multiplying that figure by the number of estimated crashes with surcharge-owing drivers in Texas, the DRP could be costing Texans $315 million per year in uncovered damages from crashes, with uninsured motorists unable to obtain or keep insurance simply because those drivers could not or would not pay punitive drivers’ license surcharges.