Protective ventilation tool for diagnosis and recruitment

The Protective Ventilation Tool (P/V Tool Pro) performs a respiratory mechanics maneuver that records a quasi-static pressure/volume curve. This method can be used to assess potential lung recruitability and determine the recruitment strategy to apply.

The P/V Tool Pro can also be used to perform a sustained inflation recruitment maneuver and measure the increase in lung volume. It is particularly helpful for ARDS patients, as appropriate lung recruitment and the correct setting of PEEP as an anti-derecruiting force are critical.

In combination with esophageal pressure measurement, the P/V Tool Pro can give you a clearer understanding of the lung and chest-wall mechanics. This enables you to apply a lung-protective ventilation strategy by titrating the PEEP level (Talmor 2008), and optimizing the parameters for the recruitment maneuver, driving pressure and tidal volume.

What customers say about the P/V Tool Pro

Camille Neville

Clinical Educator for the Respiratory Department

Florida Hospital, Orlando (FL), USA

We recommend our respiratory therapists to use the P/V Tool as soon as they put the patient on the ventilator to obtain optimum PEEP. The therapists find it very helpful, especially on the sicker patients.

Ken Hargett

Director Respiratory Care

Methodist Hospital, Houston (TX), USA

We use the P/V Tool to determine initial PEEP settings on almost all ventilator patients once they have been sedated for the intubation. We also use the recruitment portion of the P/V Tool a lot, particularly for patients who are having repeated atelectasis.

Scientific evidence

Quasi static P/V curve

The P/V Tool is equivalent to the CPAP method for tracing static PV curves of the respiratory system (Piacentini 2009).

Survival is higher with protective ventilation, including PEEP set based on LIP, than conventional ventilation (Amato 1998).

In ARDS patients, linear compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) is correlated with recruitability (Veillard-Baron 2003).

Hysteresis of the PV curve can be used to assess the recruitability of the lung at the bedside (Demory 2008).

Recruitment maneuver by sustained inflation

In early ARDS it was possible to open the lung in the majority of patients (Borges 2006).

During a sustained inflation, most of the recruitment occured during the first 10 seconds (Arnal 2011).

How the P/V Tool Pro works

P/V Tool Pro maneuvers can be performed with the patient connected and the patient settings intact. Normal ventilation can be resumed at any time.

Quasi-static P/V curve

The P/V Tool Pro records the pressure-volume relation of the lungs at low flow conditions (2 cmH2O/s). The breathing circuit is pressurized linearly to the operator-set pressure target. When the pressure reaches the target, pressure is reduced back to the starting pressure. The resulting curves can be used to analyze:

The lower inflection point of the inflation pressure/volume curve

The linear compliance of the inflation pressure/volume curve

The hysteresis (the difference in volume between the two curves)

Sustained inflation recruitment maneuver

The breathing circuit is pressurized linearly to the operator-set target pressure at the operator-set ramp speed, and the resulting volume changes are recorded. When the pressure reaches the target, an operator-set pause is executed. After the pause, pressure is released linearly to the operator-set end-PEEP level. The integration of the flow during the pause is the recruited volume.