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New York - New York City and much of the US Northeast dug out from a snowstorm that hammered a region struggling to recover from the devastation of superstorm Sandy, as local governments expanded gasoline rationing in the face of shortages that may last weeks.

The unseasonably early winter storm dumped more than a 30cm of snow on parts of Connecticut on Wednesday and battered the region with 80km/h winds, plunging 300 000 homes and businesses back into darkness.

Rides aboard crowded trains were made more uncomfortable by the bulky coats, hats and scarves freezing commuters had to wear.

Bitter cold, rain, snow and powerful winds added to the misery of disaster victims whose homes were destroyed or power was knocked out by Sandy.

The storm came ashore on 29 October and caused widespread flooding, leading up to as much as $50bn in economic losses and prompting the medical relief group Doctors Without Borders to set up its first-ever US clinic.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (Fema) said it was providing mobile homes to house those displaced by the storm, a reminder of the scramble after Hurricane Katrina seven years ago to tend to the newly homeless.

Commuting nightmare

Some evacuees will be put up nearly 321km from home, Fema said, because there is little available space closer to the city.

The snowstorm also created another commuting nightmare for a region whose transportation system was already under repair.

Train service was again spotty and crowded on Thursday night; the Long Island Rail Road appealed to people to travel later in the evening.

People coming out of the Newport Path station in New Jersey had to negotiate busy rush-hour traffic without traffic lights, so one man took it on himself to direct cars.

Commuters were lucky to even get there, though.

Confusion reigned at Penn Station, where heavily armed police guarded track entrances, and the Port Authority bus terminal in midtown Manhattan, where officers yelled into crowds of people whose normal 30-to-45-minute commutes stretched well past two hours each way this week.

City has little choice

Kim Chan said she would give her train line to Maplewood another 10 minutes before heading to her mother's house in the city for the night. "I'm not going to see my daughter until maybe when the trains are fixed," said Chan, who works for a dance company. "I'm not sure living in New Jersey is worth the effort."

With drivers still struggling to find adequate fuel, New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg said the city would begin an indefinite programme of gas rationing, modelled on one New Jersey implemented last week - allowing drivers to fill up on alternating days depending on their license plate number - that has reduced lines dramatically of late.

Bloomberg indicated that the city had little choice. One gas station in Brooklyn had an hour-long line on Thursday just for government workers, while another along the busy Belt Parkway in Queens had a two-hour line for just one working pump.

After he announced the rationing plan, a gas line snaked for blocks through Manhattan's Soho neighbourhood.

"It now appears there will be shortages for possibly another couple weeks," Bloomberg said, later adding, "If you think about it, it's not any great imposition once you get used to it."

Neighbouring counties would implement a similar programme, he said, in an effort to cut down lines that ran for hours at local filling stations following Sandy. The city's iconic yellow taxis are exempt from the new regulation.

'God hates us'

New Yorkers, never known for holding their tongues, let their exasperation with the bad weather show.

"God hates us!" the New York Post said in a front-page headline.

A week after Sandy, Doctors Without Borders established temporary emergency clinics in the hard-hit Rockaways - a barrier island in Queens facing the Atlantic Ocean - to tend to residents of high-rises, which still lacked power and heat and were left isolated by the storm.

"I don't think any of us expected to see this level of lacking access to healthcare," said Lucy Doyle, who specialises in internal medicine at New York's Bellevue Hospital and has done stints with the group in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Kenya. "A lot of us have said, it feels a lot like being in the field in a foreign country."

The medical situation was better elsewhere, though other resources were still lacking. Residents at Waterside Plaza, an apartment complex over the East River in Manhattan, had their power restored on Wednesday - temporarily, anyway.

"Then the power went and failed one more time, then came back again, then failed in the evening, then came back again, then failed again this morning and hasn't come back," said Josh Bright, a 39-year-old photojournalist, as he climbed the stairs to his apartment on the 26th floor to feed his cats.Enough is enough

Sandy's death toll in the United States and Canada reached 121 after New York authorities on Wednesday reported another death linked to the storm in the Rockaways.

"Can you believe this? Enough is enough," said Cindy Casey, whose Belle Harbour home one block from the beach in the Rockaways was swamped by Sandy, as she looked out at the snow blanketing the neighbourhood devastated by flooding and fire.

Sandy surrounded Casey's home with 2m of water and sparked a fire that destroyed at least 20 houses in the neighbourhood before stopping short of her own.

The storms have also battered New Jersey's shore, a summer tourist haven where hundreds of beach-front homes were destroyed by Sandy's record storm surge.

"The kids have been home for nearly two weeks and I'm not working, and when I'm not working I'm not making any money. This hasn't been easy," said Michael Platt, aged 49, an electrician from Toms River, New Jersey, who got an estimated foot of snow.

New York City on Friday will open a vehicle tunnel linking midtown Manhattan to Queens, which would restore all of Manhattan's tunnels and bridges except for the tunnel linking lower Manhattan to Brooklyn.$50bn in loss

Amtrak plans to re-open three tunnels to the city's Penn Station by late Friday. In the meantime, New Jersey officials said the state would make more free shuttle buses and ferries available to help commuters get into Manhattan.

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, who said estimates put the damage and economic loss for the region at $50bn (including $33bn in New York state), turned his ire on the power utilities, which he said had failed customers.

Around 715 000 homes and businesses in the region were without power, a net increase of nearly 43 000 from Wednesday night after the northeaster knocked electricity out to more customers following those who had lost it from Sandy.

The storm damage exposed flaws in the regulation of power utilities that will require a complete redesign, said Cuomo, who oversees the state-controlled utilities and appoints the members of the Public Service Commission, which regulates investor-owned utilities such as Consolidated Edison.

"It is nameless, faceless bureaucracy that is a monopoly that operates with very little incentive or sanction. ... They have failed the consumers," Cuomo said.

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