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Symptoms of hypertension

Blood pressure level above 140/90 mm Hg is considered as ‘high’,
and that chronic condition is known as hypertension. The higher number presents systolic
and the bottom number is diastolic pressure.

This illness is also called “the silent killer”, for it may
remain undiagnosed and untreated for a long time, compromising your health. People
with hypertension are at risk of having heart disease and other medical
problems.

Most of the cases of high blood pressure, about 90-95%, do
not have a diagnosed medical cause and those cases are called primary or essential
hypertension. Other cases, when the illness has a certain identified reason for
high blood pressure are referred to as secondary hypertension. Possible causes
are problems with kidneys, arteries, heart or endocrine system.

Malignant hypertension is a severe condition when the blood
pressure rises above 210/120 mm Hg, and when untreated malignant hypertension
is life threatening.

Hypertension may be unnoticed, without any apparent
symptoms, but the most common symptoms are chronic headaches that last for
days, tiredness, dizziness, double vision, nausea, shortness of breath, heart problems,
face redness, nosebleed, need to urinate often at night and ringing in the ears.

Hypertension is the risk factor for serious heart problems, such as heart attacks,
heart failure or arterial aneurysm; it could leads to strokes and cause kidney
failure. High blood pressure is
proven to shorten your life.

Secondary
hypertension may be caused by kidney dysfunctions or by hormone disorders. Hypertension with the “Buffalo
hump”, purple marks on the stomach and diabetes
may be the signs of Cushing's syndrome. Excess production of the
thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism), growth hormone, or aldosteron are the
possible causes of secondary hypertension. Kidney abnormalities, heart
defects, some medications (contraceptive pills, cold remedies, OTC
(over the counter) pain medications and cocaine and amphetamines may also cause
secondary hypertension.

If you don’t’ have symptoms of hypertension, you don’t need to visit
your doctor to check the blood pressure. Next time you see your doctor you’d
probably have the blood pressure checked, as a routine check at doctor's.

The therapy for this condition includes changes in your lifestyle and food
habits. Doctors recommend unsalted food, more exercise and less stress. If this
alone doesn’t work then the doctor would recommend some medications to control
your blood pressure. The group of medications used to treat hypertension are thiazide
diuretics, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers or renin inhibitors.
Sometimes, the doctor would prescribe angiotensin II receptor blockers, alpha
blockers or vasodilaltators. Combination of these drugs is a possible solution
for the treatment of hypertension.