Hemorrhoid

Hemorrhoid, also spelled Haemorrhoid, also called Pile, mass formed by distension of the network of veins under the mucous membrane that lines the anal channel or under the skin lining the external portion of the anus. A form of varicose vein, a hemorrhoid may develop from anal infection or from increase in intra-abdominal pressure, such as occurs during pregnancy, while lifting a heavy object, or while straining at stool. It may be a complication of chronic liver disease or tumours. The weakness in the vessel wall that permits the defect to develop may be inherited.

Mild hemorrhoids may be treated by such methods as the use of suppositories, non-irritating laxatives, and baths. If clots have formed, or in the presence of other complications, the hemorrhoids may be removed surgically.

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...the production of emboli in the peripheral circulation. The veins may rupture on occasion, with bleeding into the surrounding tissues. Varicose veins may occur around the rectum and anus, producing hemorrhoids. If they occur within the scrotal sac in the region of the testes, they are called varicocele. In all forms of varicose veins, the walls of the veins become hardened, and a certain amount...

Constipation and hemorrhoids that cause rectal pain and bleeding are common complaints during pregnancy. The constipation is caused by lack of tone of the intestinal tract and stagnation of the bowel contents. Pregnant women may also lose the urge to defecate because of the pressure of the uterus on the lower bowel and inhibition of a reflex stimulus, known as the gastrocolic reflex, from the...

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painful or itchy mass of dilated veins in swollen tissue at margin of anus or within rectum; form of varicose vein; may develop from anal infection or increase in intra-abdominal pressure (such as occurs during pregnancy), while lifting heavy object, or while straining at stool; may be complication of chronic liver disease or tumors; mild hemorrhoids treated with suppositories, laxatives, or baths; severe ones must be removed surgically.