c. Explain why the pH is high using the other lab results,
using the primary cause, and equilibrium principles.

CO2 + HOH <===> H2CO3
<===> H+ + HCO3-

If there is an excess loss of carbon dioxide from the lungs,
it is also low in the blood. If carbon dioxide is low, the equilibrium
shifts left, as a result the hydrogen ion concentration decrease,
which results in the pH increasing.

d. State and explain how the compensation will return pH to
normal using equilibrium principles.

Compensation is for the kidney's to excrete more bicarbonate,
which gives a lower bicarbonate in the blood. As a result the
equilibrium shifts to the right to compensate for the loss of
bicarbonate. As a result, the hydrogen ion concentration then
increase, which gives a decrease in the pH more toward normal.

e. Explain how the treatment with __?___ will work using equilibrium
principles.

The treatment according to the Table 2 is to hold breath or
breath into a paper bag. What will this do? This will serve to
help retain more carbon dioxide in the blood. If the carbon dioxide
level is higher in the blood, the equilibrium will shift right
to increase the hydrogen ion and decrease the pH.