Marie Curie pioneered research on the theory of radioactivity and won her first Nobel Prize in 1903, an honor she shared with her husband Pierre and physicist Henri Becquerel. Then, in 1911, she alone won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, making her the only person in history who's won twice. Also included in Curie's long list of accomplishments: She was also the first female professor at the University of Paris, and the first woman to be entombed on her own merits in the Panthéon in Paris in 1995.