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When you divide x by 2y, you make groups with 2y balls in each and you have 4 balls leftover. Instead, if you divide x by y, you may have 4 balls leftover or you may have fewer balls if y is less than or equal to 4 i.e. say if y = 3, you could make another group of 3 balls and you will have only 1 ball leftover. So you could have different remainders. Not sufficient.

Stmnt 2: When x + y is divided by y, the remainder is 4

When you make groups of y balls each from (x+y), the y balls make 1 group and you are left with x balls. If the remainder is 4, it means when you make groups of y balls each from x balls, you have 4 balls leftover.Since the question asks us: how many balls are leftover when you make groups of y balls from x balls, you get your answer directly as '4'.Sufficient.

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If x and y are positive integers, what is the remainder when x is divided by y?(1) When x is divided by 2y, the remainder is 4(2) When x + y is divided by y, the remainder is 4

Positive integer \(x\) divided by positive integer \(y\) yields remainder of \(r\) can be expressed as \(x=yq+r\). Question is \(r=?\)

(1) When x is divided by 2y, the remainder is 4. If \(x=20\) and \(y=8\) (satisfies the given statemnet as 20 divided by 2*8=16 yields reminder of 4), then \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields \(r=4\) (20 divided by 8 yields remainder of 4) BUT if \(x=10\) and \(y=3\) (satisfies the given statemnet as 10 divided by 2*3=6 yields reminder of 4), then \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields \(r=1\) (10 divided by 3 yields remainder of 1). Two different answers. Not sufficient.

(2) When x + y is divided by y, the remainder is 4 --> \(x+y=yp+4\) --> \(x=y(p-1)+4\) (\(x\) is 4 more than multiple of \(y\))--> this statement directly tells us that \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields remainder of 4. Sufficient.

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Why A is not sufficient to determine the remainder and B is? Why did I use number plugging to show this in the first case and didn't in the second?

If we are told that x divided by y gives a remainder of 4, means x=yp+4 where p is integer >=0. We don't know x and y so p (quotient) can be any integer.

Look at equation A, the quotient is 2k, 2k is even. It can be rephrased as x divided by y will give the remainder of 4 IF quotient is even. But what about the cases when quotient is odd? We don't know that so we must check to determine this.

As for B. Quotient here is (p-1), which for integer values of p can give us ANY value: any even as well as any odd. So basically x=y(p-1)+4 is the same as x=yp+4. No need for double checking.

Hope it's clear.

Bunuel could we say the following? (Having in mind that the Remainder depends on the divisor)

(1) When x is divided by 2y, the remainder is 4

statement 1 ----> x=2*y*k+4, k integer

Therefore because the divisor has to be larger (not equal because it is stated that a reminder exists) than the remainder: 2*y>4 --> y>2 -->y>=3

If y (divisor) is smaller than 4 then the remainder changes and if it is larger than 4 the remainder is 4.

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If x and y are positive integers, what is the remainder when x is divided by y?(1) When x is divided by 2y, the remainder is 4(2) When x + y is divided by y, the remainder is 4

Positive integer \(x\) divided by positive integer \(y\) yields remainder of \(r\) can be expressed as \(x=yq+r\). Question is \(r=?\)

(1) When x is divided by 2y, the remainder is 4. If \(x=20\) and \(y=8\) (satisfies the given statemnet as 20 divided by 2*8=16 yields reminder of 4), then \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields \(r=4\) (20 divided by 8 yields remainder of 4) BUT if \(x=10\) and \(y=3\) (satisfies the given statemnet as 10 divided by 2*3=6 yields reminder of 4), then \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields \(r=1\) (10 divided by 3 yields remainder of 1). Two different answers. Not sufficient.

(2) When x + y is divided by y, the remainder is 4 --> \(x+y=yp+4\) --> \(x=y(p-1)+4\) (\(x\) is 4 more than multiple of \(y\))--> this statement directly tells us that \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields remainder of 4. Sufficient.

Answer: B.

Hope it's clear.

I'm confused. With the same proof given for the second point, could I not convince myself that 1 would suffice?eg: x = yp + rFrom (1) I could say x = 2yp + 4(or) x = (2p)y + 4 Clearly this statement tells us that x is 4 more than a multiple of y as well. Why can I not convince myself at this step that the statement would suffice? Although, the statement does not suffice since the logic fails when you plug in (x=10,y=3) .

Why A is not sufficient to determine the remainder and B is? Why did I use number plugging to show this in the first case and didn't in the second?

If we are told that x divided by y gives a remainder of 4, means x=yp+4 where p is integer >=0. We don't know x and y so p (quotient) can be any integer.

Look at equation A, the quotient is 2k, 2k is even. It can be rephrased as x divided by y will give the remainder of 4 IF quotient is even. But what about the cases when quotient is odd? We don't know that so we must check to determine this.

As for B. Quotient here is (p-1), which for integer values of p can give us ANY value: any even as well as any odd. So basically x=y(p-1)+4 is the same as x=yp+4. No need for double checking.

When you divide x by 2y, you make groups with 2y balls in each and you have 4 balls leftover. Instead, if you divide x by y, you may have 4 balls leftover or you may have fewer balls if y is less than or equal to 4 i.e. say if y = 3, you could make another group of 3 balls and you will have only 1 ball leftover. So you could have different remainders. Not sufficient.

Stmnt 2: When x + y is divided by y, the remainder is 4

When you make groups of y balls each from (x+y), the y balls make 1 group and you are left with x balls. If the remainder is 4, it means when you make groups of y balls each from x balls, you have 4 balls leftover.Since the question asks us: how many balls are leftover when you make groups of y balls from x balls, you get your answer directly as '4'.Sufficient.

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If x and y are positive integers, what is the remainder when x is divided by y?(1) When x is divided by 2y, the remainder is 4(2) When x + y is divided by y, the remainder is 4

Positive integer \(x\) divided by positive integer \(y\) yields remainder of \(r\) can be expressed as \(x=yq+r\). Question is \(r=?\)

(1) When x is divided by 2y, the remainder is 4. If \(x=20\) and \(y=8\) (satisfies the given statemnet as 20 divided by 2*8=16 yields reminder of 4), then \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields \(r=4\) (20 divided by 8 yields remainder of 4) BUT if \(x=10\) and \(y=3\) (satisfies the given statemnet as 10 divided by 2*3=6 yields reminder of 4), then \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields \(r=1\) (10 divided by 3 yields remainder of 1). Two different answers. Not sufficient.

(2) When x + y is divided by y, the remainder is 4 --> \(x+y=yp+4\) --> \(x=y(p-1)+4\) (\(x\) is 4 more than multiple of \(y\))--> this statement directly tells us that \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields remainder of 4. Sufficient.

Answer: B.

Hope it's clear.

I'm confused. With the same proof given for the second point, could I not convince myself that 1 would suffice?eg: x = yp + rFrom (1) I could say x = 2yp + 4(or) x = (2p)y + 4 Clearly this statement tells us that x is 4 more than a multiple of y as well. Why can I not convince myself at this step that the statement would suffice? Although, the statement does not suffice since the logic fails when you plug in (x=10,y=3) .

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24 Feb 2011, 11:53

B is sufficient by using the rule of remainders additive property:(x+y)/y leaves a remainder of 4.Means: remainder left by x/y + remainder left by y/y = 4remainder left by x/y+0=4remainder left by x/y=4

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Re: If x and y are positive integers, what is the remainder when [#permalink]

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17 Nov 2011, 08:23

Karishma...Really impressive reply..!! Very precise..and easily understandable...went through your post too...had never imagined division from this perspective...i think this is a better approach to these questions..! Thanks for sharing!
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Re: If x and y are positive integers, what is the remainder when [#permalink]

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17 Dec 2011, 18:53

Yes a tricky question. Karishma, thank you for the detailed explanation. The concept of "grouping" applied to division, although new to me, is easily understandable and very simple indeed. _________________

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If x and y are positive integers, what is the remainder when x is divided by y?(1) When x is divided by 2y, the remainder is 4(2) When x + y is divided by y, the remainder is 4

Positive integer \(x\) divided by positive integer \(y\) yields remainder of \(r\) can be expressed as \(x=yq+r\). Question is \(r=?\)

(1) When x is divided by 2y, the remainder is 4. If \(x=20\) and \(y=8\) (satisfies the given statemnet as 20 divided by 2*8=16 yields reminder of 4), then \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields \(r=4\) (20 divided by 8 yields remainder of 4) BUT if \(x=10\) and \(y=3\) (satisfies the given statemnet as 10 divided by 2*3=6 yields reminder of 4), then \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields \(r=1\) (10 divided by 3 yields remainder of 1). Two different answers. Not sufficient.

(2) When x + y is divided by y, the remainder is 4 --> \(x+y=yp+4\) --> \(x=y(p-1)+4\) (\(x\) is 4 more than multiple of \(y\))--> this statement directly tells us that \(x\) divided by \(y\) yields remainder of 4. Sufficient.

Answer: B.

Hope it's clear.

Hi Bunuel,

This time i didn't get the explanation. Can you kindly solve the question using algebraic method rather than using any numbers?

Waiting for clarification.
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Re: If x and y are positive integers, what is the remainder when [#permalink]

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14 Oct 2013, 01:05

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Re: If x and y are positive integers, what is the remainder when [#permalink]

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03 Mar 2015, 01:17

Hello from the GMAT Club BumpBot!

Thanks to another GMAT Club member, I have just discovered this valuable topic, yet it had no discussion for over a year. I am now bumping it up - doing my job. I think you may find it valuable (esp those replies with Kudos).

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When you divide x by 2y, you make groups with 2y balls in each and you have 4 balls leftover. Instead, if you divide x by y, you may have 4 balls leftover or you may have fewer balls if y is less than or equal to 4 i.e. say if y = 3, you could make another group of 3 balls and you will have only 1 ball leftover. So you could have different remainders. Not sufficient.

Stmnt 2: When x + y is divided by y, the remainder is 4

When you make groups of y balls each from (x+y), the y balls make 1 group and you are left with x balls. If the remainder is 4, it means when you make groups of y balls each from x balls, you have 4 balls leftover.Since the question asks us: how many balls are leftover when you make groups of y balls from x balls, you get your answer directly as '4'.Sufficient.

Answer (B)

Hi Karishma,

If I take X= 4 and Y=7 Option B seems to be insufficient.

4+7/7 = Remainder 44/7 = Remainder 3

Can you please help where I am going wrong ?

Thanks !

Shashank

gmatclubot

Re: If x and y are positive integers, what is the remainder when
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28 May 2015, 23:49