book, ossinchinapre-lewdto cold war to the professor, if you would come start life briefly describing china's roel in world war ii. >> china's role in world war ii was very complex. first of the entered the world first. most people in china would agree china enter the world war ii way back in 1936 with the 77. but that wasn't recognized or the western scholarship because st people wanted to start off september 31st, 1999. in that sense, china was into the war much longer on the other hand they were fully mechanized by the war which really didn't happen in china per say so the war in china was important to the much larger part of the world only after pearl harbor, so when china, which had been going on for a good part of the four years, suddenly becomes part of the global war and when the officially become allies in the united states most prominently, so there is sort of an active democracy and the axis of evil during world war ii. so, that is the issue. however, china's role in world war ii in theory should be very important because of pre-war because china as well a

inchinaandthe successes and failures the organization had. this interview, recorded at the u.s. naval academy in annapolis, md., was a part of the book tv college series and is about 20 minutes. >> on your screen, a professor at the u.s. naval academy, also the author of this book, al ss in china, a prelude to a cold war. professor, if you would, start by briefly describing china's role in world war ii. >> china's role in world war ii is very complex. first of all, china entered the war first. most people in china would agree that china entered the world were to way back in 1937, july july 1937 with china and japan went to full-scale war. that fact, of course gile was not recognized by the mainstream western scholarship because most people think will work to start the september 1st 1939 with german panzer is rolling into land. so in that sense china was into the war much earlier, so it lasts longer. on the other hand, well or to was basically a fully mechanized and large component style war which really did not happen in china perce. the war in china was impor

pen. sooep is under pressure to show it can remain united in the faceofchina's growinginfluence. patchari raksawong reports from phnom penh. patchari? >>> asean leaders have ended their closely watched meeting with china on the south china sea issue. both sides have agreed on the need to take concrete action towards establishing legally binding rules to resolve territorial disputes. however, they failed to make a concrete schedule for when that minor league happen. asean leaders met with chinese premier wen jiabao on monday evening. the south china sea is a contentious issue in part because the area is believed to hold rich natural resources. vietnam and the philippines have claimed other parts of the sea. they are strongly in favor of a legally binding code of conduct, or coc. but china seems reluctant. it apparently believes the coc will limit its maritime activities. before the talks, a chinese government spokesperson said asean should have more important issues to deal with. >> translator: first of all, asean nations should take appropriate measures in order to make progress

between japanandchinahavesoured over the senkaku islands conflict in theeastchinasea.south korean president lee myung-bak said he's sure the u.s. and south korea will continue to develop their alliance. australia is another key ally in the region. prime minister julia gillard pledged cooperations during president obama's second term. >> i'd like to welcome president obama my warmest congratulations on his reelection. we've got so much to do together in these years. >> chinese leaders also sent congratulatory messages. yet china's one asian country that might become frustrated with an expanded u.s. presence in the region. chinese have vowed to strengthen their maritime strength. not everyone in the region shared excitement over obama's victory. ahmadinejad accused the election as capitalists. obama wasted no time in showing his continued interest in the region. white house officials announced on thursday the president is expected to attend the east asia summit next week in cambodia. >>> presidential candidates are stepping up their campaigns. the front runner is taking a tough stan

>> spotlightonchina. hundredsof foreign journalists are in beijing for the communist party's congress trying to cover a high-profile political transition that is playing out behind closed doors. welcome to nhk world "newsline." top leaders and officials from across china spent the day mapping out where their country will go over the next five years. the communist party's congress is now well under way. the political transition is both highry controlled and highly secretive. delegates discuss, debate, and make deals. and in the end, they unveil the next generation of leaders who would take power. the 18th congress of the chinese communist party opened thursday. it happens every five years. between now and next week, representatives will be approving new policies and appointing new party leaders. delegates from each of china's provinces held regional discussions friday. they talked about ways to fix the problems they face. nhk world's james tengan is in beijing covering the congress. he told us more about the main players in china's transition of power. >> reporter: we've got

.s. election. the confirmation the chinese elite willsteerchinathroughthe next decade.>>chinawilldevelop its own type of democracy, whether the west except it or not. >> we speak to henry kissinger in his first television interview since president obama was reelected. >> i think that both obama and xi jinping will have to acts themselves how they expect the relationship to of golf. >> with social media websites going in and out of fashion, we asked the founder of tumblr makes this different. >> it is a delightful surprise when you bumped to a stranger who cares about the same stuff that you do. >> the leadership of the world's second-largest economy is being replaced according to plan. the incoming president will come under increasing internal and external pressure. as hu jintao hangs over to -- hands over to xi jinping, demand for social change, health care, pensions grow louder. hu jintao has said there will be no western-style democracy but how much will the media fuel the continued protests? ♪ ♪ >> there is theater, spectacle, but no drama. embolization is not encour

. >>> spotlightonchina. hundredsof foreign journalists are in beijing for the communist party's congress trying to cover a high profile political transition playing out behind closed doors. welcome to nhk world "newsline." top leaders and officials from across china spent the day mapping out where their country will go over the next five years. they are taking part in the communist party's congress. between now and next wednesday delegates will work out the details of china's transition of power, then will get official confirmation of who will be among the next generation of leaders taking control of this economic superpower. the 18th congress of the chinese communist party opened thursday. it happens every five years. between now and next week representatives will be approving new policies and appointing new party leaders. delegates from each of china's provinces held regional discussions friday. they went over the issues they're concerned about and talked about the ways to fix the problems they face. nhk world's james tengan is covering the congress. he joins us from beijing

, there would be nonewchina. thisis a major political event, and authorities carefully orchestrate every detail. i went for a tour of beijing to see what they've done. signs of the congress are everywhere in beijing. flowers, elegant decorations and banners. when i got into a taxi, i found another sign. ahead of the party congress, local authorities here in beijing have instructed all taxis to take the handles off so that people can't open the windows. chinese authorities are trying to prevent activists from throwing antigovernment leaflets out of the windows of moving taxis. police in beijing have put strict traffic checks in place for vehicles entering the capital. government authorities have mobilized an army of volunteers to help with security. they say 1.4 million citizens are taking part in the operation. the volunteers are told to keep suspicious people out of the city center. >> translator: i volunteered to help maintain security in the city. we're here to make sure the convention runs smoothly. >> reporter: security gets more intense in the heart of beijing. police squads patrol

nearly a year ago. tension between an ongoing territorial dispute between japanandchinaisthe driver. toyota motors production in china was down more than 60% compared to the same month last year. nissan motors saw a 44% plunge. honda's output was down 54%, suzuki's 32%, and mazda's 27%. mitsubishi motors recorded the biggest fall among the six makers at nearly 85%. their total output in china plunged nearly 50% to about 150,000 units. japanese auto exports to china also suffered. mazda shipped none last month. toyota's exports to china plunged by 91%, while nissan's fell by 75%. some of the automakers say customer traffic in some of their dealerships in china has recovered to the levels seen last year, but their plants in the country are still operating short of hours, further cutting into productivity. japanese automakers are raising presence in southeast asia and the united states to make up for plunging sales in china. toyota motor plans to start production at three new plants in thailand and indonesia by 2013. the company maintains a significant market share in both countries. n

of the plan area. prioritized spending $9 millioninchinatownarea. that was done for a couple of reasons, many of which have been discussed in the hearings leading up to this conversation. essentially that china town is the densest in san francisco, the most open space poor, as you often hear in our conversations here, and that the analysis the planning department did indicated much of the spillover from increased density created by the new housing and new office space in the plan area would affect not just the downtown and south of market by china town. what is before you today is affirming and supporting what the planning commission did on october 18th. to prioritize spending those impact fees in the china town neighborhood. i want to note quickly the ipic committee on which the rec department has a seat is body charged with the actually allocation of those fees. i believe we talked a little about that in the september hearing but happy to answer more questions on that, as necessary. >> is there any public comment on this item? please come forward. >> good morning, aim may chan. i'm a

people on his shoulders. xi jinping has taken chargeofchina, aneconomic superpower that has reaped the rewards of growth but is now dealing with the drawbacks. xi is part of the communist party's next generation of leaders who came to power after a week of meetings and negotiations. he's taking over as the country's general secretary and top military commander. nhk world's james tengan watched this political transition unfold in beijing. >> reporter: the communist party unveiled its new leadership a day after its week-long congress wrapped up. after many months of speculation, we found out who is taking charge in less than a minute. now the future of the world's most populous nation is in the hands of seven men. xi and six other senior officials appeared before the media inside the great hall of the people in beijing. >> translator: our responsibility is to rally and lead the party and chinese people of all ethnic groups. we take up the historical baton from the older generation. >> reporter: china's new leader vowed to take action on issues such as jobs, social security, and corru

will judge the presidential candidates on a range of issues. one of them is their stanceonchina. someamericans consider the world's second largest economy a threat. obama and romney have tried to reflect that sentiment, but as nhk world's susumu kojima tells us, campaign sound bites don't necessarily tell the full story. >> reporter: the employees in wisconsin know the pressures of their industry all too well. they watched colleague after colleague lose it because of competition from chinese factories. chinese companies break trade rules by setting imports at a loss, which pushed him to slash his workforce and hold off on expansion plans. >> any type of elected official should stand up for a level playing field. we're not asking for anything more. >> reporter: a recent study by the pew research center said many americans consider being tough with the chinese on economic issues an important priority. barack obama has promised american voters he will make china play by the rules. >> we're organizing trade relations with countries other than china so that china starts feeling more press

. let me - you're goingtochinaina couple of days. >> indeed. >> but just a little back ground your interest in china and chinese religions. >> well i studied religion in temple university in philadelphia. and then went in to chinese history and my degree is in chinese history, modern, but also always interested in chinese thought and the classics. i went to taiwan in the years before it was possible for americans to go to the main land to study, i studied classical chinese and so the great writers, philosophers and thinkers at the time and then i ended up writing my dissertation about mao tse-tung, so very i'm much in the contemporary era. so i've kind of done a lot of things in taiwan to shanghai where i taught at east china normal university and later in hong kong, where i'm going again as a full writer. >> okay that's good. how long did it take you to get through grad school? >> that's right, i did it - it's a lot to absorb but i was - actually it was nixon's visit in 1972/73 that opened up in a sense china to the u.s. they saw it as opening china outward to the broader world an

as foreign policy analysts examine the chinese leadership rely me and what it means to future u.s.-china relations. >> also today, ceo of a nasdaq stock exchange talked about the so-called fiscal cliff and its impact on capital markets and the u.s. and global economies. according to the congressional budget office a series of budget cuts and tax increases scheduled to take effect in january could put the country back into a recession if congress does not act. you can see his remarks live at 1 p.m. eastern over on c-span. >> now, more from the washington ideas for them. another. >> with newly reelected senator amy klobuchar our who discusses the role women will be playing in the senate's legislative process. the new 113th congress will have 20 fema centers, the most in u.s. history. from the museum in washington, d.c., this is about 15 minutes. >> next we have katty kay of the bbc interviewing senator amy klobuchar our who just killed in this election. she won in minnesota by 35 points. people are saying she owns the state like hubert humphrey. and is better looking. [applause] >> well, t

, of course, have gathered at the great hall of the people up the road. it comes at a crucialtime.china's meteoriceconomic rise has meant a better life for hundreds of millions of people. but also creating huge inequalities. the outgoing president hu jintao admitted corruption was still a big problem and he says the failure to tackle it could prove failed -- fail to the party. here is our beijing correspondent, martin patients. >> they came from across china, hand-picked delegates from the communist party more than 80 million strong. the opening of the party congress marks the start for china's leadership change. it is political theater on a grand scale and designed to showcase unity. after a decade in power, president hu jintao is stepping down. his outward style has not always one him public affection but under his leadership china has become the world's second- largest economy. as he was speaking, his successor, james ting, looked on. surrounded by former leaders -- xinping. president's hu spoke of the country's achievements but one corruption could prove fatal to the party. >> we m

messages on its new leadership. expected to be formally namedaschina's newleader for the next 24 hours. we speak exclusively to a dissident artist in china, who warns of a bleak future unless the government allows for fair trials and freedom of expression. >> this net -- if they do not allow that to happen, this nation is at a dead end. >> here in london, these of the headlines. a day of mass crop -- protests across europe, demonstrators say that enough is enough. a long, dark shadow across northern australia. a solar eclipse, witnessed by tens of thousands of people. >> it is midday in london, 7:00 a.m. in washington, 8:00 in the evening in beijing, where the communist party has almost completed the process of handing power over to the next generation of leaders. 2000 party delegates have been meeting for the last week, most of the time behind closed doors. the party congress has now concluded in the coming out of their new leadership lineup. >> as they stepped aside today, the outgoing chinese communist leaders congratulated themselves. under their watch, china has risen so fast that

of an increasinglyassertivechinaandamerica's renewed focus on the region? we talk to defense news' own bureau chief for some answers. but first the national guard plays a critical role in america's national security. at home, supporting disaster relief operations as in the wake of superstorm sandy that devastated parking lots of the northeast -- parts of the northeaster operations worldwide including afghanistan. while the guard is part of the air force, units -- units in each state are under the command of governors and so the guards relationship with the active duty force can sometimes be strained. that's been the case since february when the air force said that of 9,900 proposed personnel cuts, 5100 would come from the guard. a move that sparked a fire storm of protests on capitol hill. lawmakers governors and guard leaders accused the air force of failing to coordinate cuts they say fell disproportionately on citizen airmen and in protest the congress prohibited the air force from executing $9 billion in cuts freezing the services ability to shed personnel to meet targets for the budget.

>>> welcome to nhk world "newsline." >>> the united statesandchinahavejoined the final day of asean leaders meetings in cambodia. the two most powerful nations are competing for influence in the asia-pacific region. discussions on economic and security policies were expected to be intense. patchari raksawong reports from phnom penh. patchari? >>> the east asia summit was the big final meeting of the series of asean summits. the focus was how to deal with maritime disputes in the south china sea. the united states called on the parties to sign up to a legally binding code of conduct, or coc. china said the disputes should not be internationalized, an indirect reference to the united states. u.s. president barack obama and chinese premier wen jiabao held bilateral talks before the summit began on tuesday. they both seek closer ties with southeast asian countries as part of their competing regional strategies. >> it's important that our two countries cooperate to build a more secure and prosperous future for the asia-pacific region and for the world. >> despite their friendly

to work together. >> we need more than that. we have two ways. putting pressure onrussia,chinaandiran to stop supporting this regime and that's what will be useful or supporting military. or make free zone and no fly zone. >> the japanese government has frozen assets held in japan by assad. it took the action last year. >>> a court in south korea is dealing with a legal matter. it's will decide whether to extradite a chinese national to japan for starting a fire. the site honors japan's war dead including war criminals. tokyo police suspect a fire was set to the gate last december. he already served a ten month pri prison term for throwing four fire bombs at the embassy. officials in china want him sent home for humanitarian reasons. they say he suffers from mental illness. he said he started shrine fire because he was trying to correct their views. he wants to be sent back to china because he says he will not get a fair trial. prosecutors says he does not meet the definition of a political offender. the court has put off its decision until defense witnesses testify in two more rounds

united statesandchinafundamentallyon political values on differences in economic system are going to be at least as great when china becomes the world's largest economy as they are today. >> and that is the biggest challenge we have. >> rose: we continue with anna aristotle the classic tolstoy novel, it is visited in a new fill adaptation, we talk to the play right and joe wright, the director. >> i kind of treated tolstoy like an equal, he is an extraordinary vein thing to attempt on my part but actually it is sort of a version of respect, because you are not doing him a service by trying to transmute one kind of art form into another. without taking account of what has to be gained and what has to be lost. >> rose: chinese politics and a russian love story when we continue. funding for charlie rose was provided by the following. >> rose: additional funding provided by these funders. and by bloomberg, a provider of multimedia news and information services worldwide. from our studios in new york city, this is charlie rose. captioning sponsored by rose communications from

chinese communist party," for without the communist party, there would be nonewchina. thisis a major political event, and authorities carefully orchestrate every detail. i went for a tour of beijing to see what they've done. signs of the congress are everywhere in beijing -- flowers, elegant decorations and banners. when i got into a taxi, i found another sign. ahead of the party congress, local authorities here in beijing have instructed all taxis to take the handles off so that people can't open the windows. chinese authorities are trying to prevent activists from throwing antigovernment leaflets out of the windows of moving taxis. police in beijing have put strict traffic checks in place for vehicles entering the capital. government authorities have mobilized an army of volunteers to help with security. they say 1.4 million citizens are taking part in the operation. the volunteers are told to keep suspicious people out of the city center. >> translator: i volunteered to help maintain security in the city. we're here to make sure the convention runs smoothly. >> reporter: security

includingjapan,china, andindia joined them at the summit. they issued a joint kmun ka that said they hope to reach agreement by the end of 2015. leader from japan, china, and south korea agreed to start talking on a free trade agreement of their own. they said they would put aside the territorial disputes between japan and the two other nations. japanese officials want to ease restrictions to give them more access to their neighbor's economies. chinese and south korean officials have already begun talks on a free trade deal between their countries. now negotiators involved in discussions for another free trade zone in the asia pacific say they hope to conclude an agreement by the end of next year. they're trying to strike a deal for what's known as the trance pacific partnership or tpp. leaders of seven of the 11 countries discussing the u.s. life led on the sidelines of the east asia summit. the negotiators wanted to conclude a deal by the end of this year, but they couldn't agree on how to elimite taffs and they're still divided on other issues such as whether they will allow exemptions

before you that prioritizes impact fee revenues from the transbay improvementsinchinatown.the china town neighborhood, which supervisor chu represents, is as sarah mentioned, one of the densest neighborhoods with the least amount of open space. portsmouth square in particular is the only park in the heart of the neighborhood. it is used daily by seniors, by children and other low income and immigrant residents from our community for exercise, recreation and community gathering. it is a space heavily used. it is important to the district, to the community and in much need of repair. while there are a few other playgrounds, there is really a great demand for more open space for this very dense neighborhood. it would benefit the health and well-being of the residents. that is why our office urges the commission to support the resolution before you, thank you. >> thank you. >> next speaker. >> president buell, commissioners, general manager ginsburg, ms. mcarthur, my name is phil chen. i'm the chair of the committee for better parks and recreation in china town. the committee

the shanghai composite which were tradinghigher.chinadataover the weekend which actually showed exports growing 11.6% was a boost there suggesting a turnaround there for the second biggest economy of the world. i'll see how it affects the nikkei today. there's also signs of growth in the u.s. as well. and if leaders there should avoid a fiscal cliff, though we could be getting positive sentiment into the year end. that's a very big focus for financial markets globally as well. domestic issues here in focus. a spat with the political infighting creating a fiscal cliff in japan as well. but investors may get a bit of a breather. party leaders look like they might reach an agreement to allow the government to issue debt covering bonds. and that'll help towards their budget. gdp data on monday in japan showed japan's output shrank 0.9% as well. we'll keep track of that. let's go to the yen. a big issue of course here in japan. 79.47-62. not that much change, but the yen remaining relatively strong. euro/yen 101.14-18. sentiment in the u.s., china. as well as a possible deficit financing bil

leader for a newera.china's nextpresident takes center stage. xi jinping wil preside over a fifth of the world's population. >> friends of the media, china at needs to know more about the world, and the world needs to understand better about china. >> we talk to china's richest man who rose from poverty to the top of the billionaire's elite table. now he is warning about inequality. >> this wealth that has become a huge problem. >> today's other headlines. violence escalated in gaza after hamas rockets killed israelis across the border. egypt warns the situation could escalate out of control. hello and welcome to gmt. it is 7:00 in the morning in new york and 8:00 in the evening here in beijing, where xi jinping has finally been confirmed as the country's next president. he will face a test like no other chinese leader before, having to preside over a party with major changes unleashed by market reforms. he says the party has to be more in touch with the people. >> after a mysterious, a secretive process, china has chosen its new leaders. the new party general secretary as expecte

. >>> peopleinchinaarewaiting for their major party to begin a transition. they won't be waiting in line to cast ballots as americans did this week. instead, select members of the communist party are passing control to a new generation of leaders. the process is both highly crotted and highly secretive. about 2,200 party representatives are gathering inside the great hall of the people in pay generally speaking to start their congress. president hu jintao, the party's general secretary, will deliver the opening speech. he'll look back over the past five years during which time chain in grew to become the world's second-largest economy. he'll look ahead to the coming years and talk about the challenges chinese face. the communist party congress runs for seven days, then hu and other top officials will hand power to another group of new leaders. we'll get back to the story a little later. >>> cradle of culture. economic powerhouse. many enjoy the fruits of prosperity along the path to a new china, but millions are missing out. at a time of growing public discontent, members of the communis

ononchina's nextleader to stamp out corruption and narrow the income gap. also this morning, stocks in europe bouncing after a negative session in asia. and following the dow's worse day in a year. and shares in socgen are trading higher as one time costs match good third quarter results. the ceo says why the bank's underlying performance remains healthy. >> when you have a credit which is improving, you have to recognize negative revenues. >> and amid violent protests, draghi warns economic uncertainty is impeding germany as he prepares to oversee the latest rate setting meeting. welcome to "worldwide exchange." european central bank, bank of england, all meeting. ross westgate has been drafted up for that coverage so i'm on my own this morning. well, me and you guys. keep your responses coming to everything on the program. worldwide@cnbc.com, cn@cnbcwex. draghi expects economic activity to remain weak, so what is the likelihood of a rate cut? we'll get a preview from frankfurt. also spain testing investor appetite with the first auction of long term debt in a year and a half. we'l

linked to an eight-year murder spree is charged. a once in a decade leadership change--china's rulingcommunist party convenes to decide on the country's future. >> one of the world's largest museums focusing on the jewish people opens in moscow. german prosecutors have been tied to the woman alleged to be the third member of a neo-nazi group that killed immigrants here for almost a decade. she is believed to be the only survivor of the national socialist underground. the other two members shop themselves a year ago. >> it was the suicide that revealed the existence of the cell, and the great mistakes made by security officials who failed to stop their crimes. >> she has been in custody for the past year while authorities put together the case against her. germany's prosecutor general says she is now being charged with involvement in 10 cases of murder allegedly committed with two main accomplices. >> members of the cell viewed their indiscriminate and malicious acts of murder as joint deeds with each of them playing their allotted role. they carried out the murders and bank robberies

powerful peopleinchinaarein the final days of a meeting that will determine the country's future. members of the communist par stay started their national congress last thursday in beijing. they're talking about the issues faced in different provinces and cities across their country. but they're having most intense discussions about who will be among china's next generation of leaders. party spokespersons confirmed the new leadership lineup will be unveiled thursday. nhk world's james tengan is in beijing covering the congress. james. >> reporter: the discussions and deal-making are coming the a climax. roughly 2300 delegates of the congress will pick about 200 members for the communist party central committee. then wednesday, the congress will close. the next day around 20 individuals from the central committee will be chosen to sit on the party's political bureau. after that officials further whittle down the list to see who will be on the plight bureau's standing committee, china's top decision making body. analysts say xi jinping will replay hu jintao in the job of general se

of fun discussing strategy in asia pacific regionwithchina, buti also want to acknowledge that that voice may not be with us today, but that could be giving us room to run. i went to china and visited with the ministry of foreign affairs and i met with their director and the finally said i cannot understand what the grand strategy is. this was about 2004. and i said, what is your grand strategy? and it was how to keep you guys distracted. [laughter] that seems to be shifting. one of the very interesting things, i know this is not a u.s. panel, but just two days ago, our national security advisor gave a very interesting speech at the center for strategic international studies at really laid out the reasons and rationale for resetting and rebalancing american assets in the world. i would like to open with jim because he gave a talk about why the asia pacific is important and why he took the china section of that. there are a lot of things going on in the world. israel and palestine is going up again. you have a lot of things happening. so does this make sense? >> if we had n

. in clinical and community medicine experiences, for our fourth year medical studentsinchina, thephilippines and nepal. it's in this context that we are honored to host such a distinguished panelists for a conversation of great national and global importance. i want to thank our panelists for joining us this afternoon. i'd like to offer my gratitude again to all of you for being here. it's now my honor to introduce dr. abraham kim, the interim president of the korea economic institute and our cohost this afternoon. a leading analyst, researcher and advisor, dr. kim has served as research manager of government services, principled real -- korea analyst at the global consulting firm, eurasia group. at eurasia, dr. kim managed a group of analysts and u.s. government research projects covering issues such as international trade, political stability and emerging markets, and the global financial market. he is also worked to develop new systems to integrate social media and data visualization tools with social science, analysis. his writing has appeared in the asian "wall street journal," foreign

problems it's unclear how deeply the u.s. will engage on global issues such as syria, iranorchina. u.s.relations with the outside world there are more difficult challenges to come. nhk world, washington. >>> president obama won, but he faces many economic challenges. we now ask an expert's view about his outlook. in our new york studio is richard katz, the editor in chief of the oriental economist report, newsletter on japan. mr. katz, thank you very much for joining us today. >> sure. >> among the many challenges president obama will first face the so-called fiscal cliff. how do you think he'll deal with it, and how will that affect asia? >> i think it will be very difficult to deal with it. the republicans have made it clear they continue to want to be the party of no. they're not willing to compromise on a combination of tax hikes and spending cuts. i say there's about a 50/50 chance the fiscal cliff could be avoided. at best it may be extended by a few months. if the fiscal cliff is short and then people come to their senses and compromise, the impact on asia will be small. but

people on his shoulders. xi jinping is now in chargeofchina, aneconomic superpower that has enjoyed the upside of growth and is now coming to terms with the down side. xi is part of the communist party's next generation of leaders who came to power after a week of meetings and negotiations. he's taking over as the country's general secretary and top military commander. nhk world's james tengan watched this political transition unfold in beijing. he joins us now. jam james. >> reporter: the communist party unveiled its new leadership a day after its long, week-long congress wrapped up. after many months of speculation, we found out who is taking charge in less than a minute. now the future of the world's most populous nation is in the hands of seven men. [ applause ] xi and six other senior officials appeared before the media inside the great hall of the people in beijing. >> translator: our responsibility is to rally and lead the party and chinese people of all ethnic groups. we take up the historical baton from the older generation. >> reporter: china's new leader vowed to take act

toughonchina. however,they didn't flesh out their approach for dealing with the world's second largest economy. nhk world's sue assume my kojima went to find some answers. >> reporter: president barack obama was elected four years ago. he promised a change from his predecessor, george w. bush. he has taken an approach to foreign policy. >> we were able to refocus our attention to not only the terrorist threat, but also beginning a transition process in afghanistan. it also allowed us to refocus on alliances and relationships that had been neglected for a decade. >> reporter: the operation candidate mitt romney said he would take a different approach. he said the u.s. must maintain its own strengths to create stability around the world. >> it is our responsibility and the responsibility of the president to use america's greatest power to shape history. >> reporter: both candidates have talked about relationships with china, but often in economic terms. neither has explained enough how he would deal with beijing diplomatically. china is now the world's second largest economy. it'

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