About

The Mongols

The Mongols, created by Genghis Khan, is perceived by some as a brutal and uncivilized culture. They are known to carry out treacherous massacres as they conquered parts of Asia and Eastern Europe. However, this perception is false because the Mongols were a very much rather civilized culture. A civilized culture can be defined as having advancements in society, being well organized, and having the ability to prosper. Organization of a society allows for more time and an easier way for the economy to prosper making them even more advanced. The Mongols’ civilization emerged as a civilized culture throughout their time of reign due to their enforcement of strict laws, enormous military expansions around the world, and their advancements leading to economic prosperity. Therefore, this incorporated them to an extent of being a very civilized culture.

The Mongols were a very civilized culture because of their strict laws and code of conducts. Their low tolerance of crimes leading to harsh punishments establishes obedience amongst the people. According to document ten, the Mongols had a very strict set of laws that regulated the behavior of their people. They instituted two codes of conduct that helped guide Mongol life. Yasa, the Mongol law, and bilik, a set of rules to live by set rules and regulations to follow maintaining order in society. For example, the punishment for anyone who commits adultery is to be executed. Harsh punishments such as these were established on drinking, on marriage, and on hospitality as well. Besides these laws, the Genghis’ Khan legislation designed the Mongol Morality, which cancelled out adultery and theft throughout the Mongol society, according to document seven. Stricter laws lead to fear of harsh punishments creating a...

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...Carrie Valencia
Mrs. Chamberlain
October 9, 2011
World History
Are the Mongols Barbaric Yes or No?
Multiple Tribes started forming as early B.C. These tribes brought new history toward us and we study them every day to find out their hidden secrets and the way they lived in the past. They brought us new technology, new ways to export and trade items. As one of the tribes began to rise to power, the Mongol’s located in China during B.C many other tribes were weaker than them. Although one could say that the Mongol’s were a strong empire, due to the faiths that they were cruel within their culture, battling, and trading, this made them barbaric.
The Mongol’s culture was very strict and well followed by their followers. If they’re culture or rules weren’t followed as they were supposed to, there would be severe consequences. The consequences given were cruel and inhuman. As in the picture in Document 5 “A scene from a Persian manuscript c.1300 showing the execution of a prisoner by a Mongol soldier. Others are being buried alive upside-down.” This shows the cruelty and barbarism of the Mongols toward the slaves in which they are being brutal and evil towards them. Mongols murdered so many people from different cities around the world. One of the cities that was reported the deathliest at the time was Baghdad in Persia with 800,000 – 200,000. Another city that was considered the deathliest in those days was...

...DBQ: The Mongol Terror, Mongol Peace
In the post classical era, the big picture that is being projected is that
nomadic kingdoms were at its highest apex alike the Mongols. The Mongols
lived on the high steppe lands of eastern central Asia, they also conquered
most of all Eurasia, as seen on document 8, were it shows the expansion of this
vast empire, making trade safe for the first time all along the Eastern to Western
parts of Eurasia. The Mongol rule was most noticeable during the 13th and 14th
century since most of their considerable accomplishments were made during
this era. Since their achievements were made all along Eurasia, the reactions
of settled societies in response to Mongol expansion in Eurasia during the 13th
and 14th centuries, depended on the interactions they had with the Mongol
Empire, such as those from Europe and the Islamic world. There were settled
societies who interacted directly with the Mongols, which had mostly positive
reactions than those settled societies whose interactions were not as great as
those who did having negative points of view for the Mongols.
Mongols dominated according to their relationship. While in the document of
Marco Polo (Document 2) reporting on his travels through Persia, it shows the
admiration he had for the...

...and Jerry Ferguson
Mongols: From Nomads to a Feared Empire.
The Mongols are arguably the best conquerors the world has ever seen. Through brutal military tactics and intimidating physiological warfare, they were capable of building the greatest land empire that the world has ever seen. The empire not only was fierce and cruel but they also brought about the rival of Silk Road trading which helped lead to their people to great economic prosperity. The Conrad-Demarest Model of an empire is a basic guideline that all of the empires are said to have to follow. In the Mongols, case they followed this model in the reasons for its fall and in the fact that it had militaristic and political preconditions in its rise, but it did not follow the Conrad-Demarest model in its necessary agricultural preconditions. Like every empire before and after the Mongols, it eventually came to its ultimate demise; but it could have been saved if the Mongols stayed together as a unified force and if they treated their conquered peoples more equally and not so much as second class citizens.
The Mongols had all the necessary preconditions in the militaristic and political areas; according to the Conrad-Demarest Model. Initially, in the Mongols place of origin, Mongolia, there were many rival tribes known as the Naimans, Merkits, Tatars, Mongols, and Keraits. These tribes often...

...Bryan Vander Ploeg
Professor Dinan
History 1040
May 28, 2013
The Mongol Impact
After reading through today’s chapter it is hard to define what the group of Mongols exactly were in history. On one hand you have sources telling you tales of them pilaging through cities and slaughtering everyone and burning the entire city to the ground. Then other sources are discussing how great their expansion was for opening up trade routes and communication ways for a whole bunch of empires. All in all I believe I need to go with the Mongols being labled as a violent group that ushered in an era of cruelty. The reason behind this is because Wiesner discusses their spread of rumors before they even expanded their territory. “By the time they reached the Middle East and Europe their enemies attributed them ith superhuman ferocity. In the Christian West, where they came to be seen as a form of divine punishment loosed on a sinful world, they were even called ‘the Scourge of God’.” Ata al-Mulk Juvaini wrote in his History of the World Conquerer “Chinggis Khan and his generals willingly butchered defensless prisoners and civilians in their sweep across Muslim lands”. To my understanding you do not get a reputatuation like that with just expanding and opening up new communication between people, you are labeled a scourage for a reason.
Mathew Paris had wrote in his History of the Tartars “accusing them of fiendishness for their delight in mass...

...﻿The Mongols Conquests
The Mongols are known for their violent ways and conquering but there is much more to the Mongols that many don't know. The Mongol Empire all started with Genghis Khan, who grew up from a poor family, and lasted for 164 years from 1206-1370. They owed all their success to their successful military tactics, organization and adaptability. Due to their success, they were able to conquer Russia and China and have lasting impacts on these countries. Due to their many conquering and traveling they were able to introduce technology such as paper and gunpowder to other parts of the world. The Mongols also owe their success to their tolerance of religion at that time. The Mongols were more than just fearsome warriors and had a profound impact on specific countries as well as introducing technologies and displaying tolerance of others.
The Mongols were feared for their ruthless military tactics and areas that were about to get conquered would believe that they were sent by God to punish the people’s sins. At this time in history, the Black Death was sweeping Europe and killing many. Although the Mongols were also dying from the Black Death, they started using the plague to their advantage. The Mongols would catapult the infected bodies into enemy territory to spread the Black Death among their enemies. As their enemies would be...

...“An army of donkeys led by a lion is more effective than an army of lions led by a donkey”- Genghis Khan. The Mongols lived and breathed this quote, making sure whenever they found an enemy they destroyed them. They did this to great extent due to their mighty military machine. Their army was the most mobile anyone had ever seen before and combined with the information they needed about their enemies they were able to make lightning quick raids at strategic targets deep in enemy territory. The Mongol’s militaries ability to adapt to different situations and not only survive in different terrain far from home was due to the hardiness of its peoples and the fact that they actually employed experienced and talented generals. These Generals would use any tactic to win, from deception to genocide as long as it won the day who cared what tactics they used.
The fact that the Mongol military was so mobile was a major factor in the overall success of its conquests. Because of their mobility the Mongols were able to surprise their enemies time after time showing up on their flanks unexpectedly. For example in the battle of Shansi against the Chin, Subotai led a surprise attack on the Chins forces from both flanks and the rear while Genghis Khan was holding them from the front, the chin army was annihilated (56). Their mobility was due to several reasons, one was that every Mongol soldier had three spare horses and they would...

...Until the 12th and 13th centuries, cross-cultural interactions were unprolonged and less in number when compared to later centuries. However, the assimilation of much of the Eurasian landmass into the Mongol empire as well as the later European exploration of the Americas contributed to the creation of prolonged global connections in which the world’s major continents were connected. Two of the most notable developments include the caravel, which aided European explorers in their conquest of the Americas, and the stirrup and composite bow, which the Mongols used to conquer Eurasia and eventually led to the Pax Mongolica. These technological developments had major effects on both societies.
The caravel’s use in the 15th century accelerated interactions between Native Americans and Europeans. The caravel (Doc. 4b) is an agile and maneuverable ship intended to carry goods or weapons and used to explore, conquer, or wage war with other peoples. It was one of the developments in naval technology in the 15th century along with the adaptation of the Chinese magnetic compass. It was utilized by Portuguese sailors, such as Vasco da Gama, who found an all water route to India and traded in the port of Calicut. The caravel ship made it possible for the Portuguese and the Spanish to travel long distances with speed. The caravel is often attributed to having been the technology that helped lead to the colonization of the Americas. It was used by Christopher...

...In various times Mongols have been equated with the Scythians, the Magog and the Turkic peoples. Based on Chinese historical texts the ancestry of the Mongol peoples can be traced back to the Donghu, a nomadic confederation occupying eastern Mongolia and Manchuria. The identity of the Xiongnu is still debated today. Although some scholars maintain that they were proto-Mongols, the fact that Chinese histories trace certain Turkic tribes from the Xiongnu complicates the issue.[10] The Donghu, however, can be much more easily labeled proto-Mongol since the Chinese histories trace only Mongolic tribes and kingdoms (Xianbei and Wuhuan peoples) from them, although some historical texts claim a mixed Xiongnu-Donghu ancestry for some tribes (e.g. the Khitan).[11]
The Donghu are mentioned by Sima Qian as already existing in Inner Mongolia north of the state of Yan in 699-632 BC. Mentions in the Lost Book of Zhou (Yizhoushu) and the Shanhaijing indicate the Donghu were also active during the Shang dynasty (1600–1046 BC). The Mongolic-speaking Xianbei formed part of the Donghu confederation, but had earlier times of independence, as evidenced by a mention in the Guoyu ("晉語八" section) which states that during the reign of King Cheng of Zhou (reigned 1042–1021 BC) the Xianbei came to participate at a meeting of Zhou subject-lords at Qiyang (岐阳) (now Qishan County) but were only allowed to perform the fire ceremony under the...