Lories and Lorikeets (Honeyeaters)

NATIVE TO:

LIFE SPAN:

10 - 15 years

AVERAGE ADULT SIZE:

6 - 15 inches; 20-280 grams

MALE OR FEMALE?:

Lories and Lorikeets are not sexually dimorphic, which means males and females are not visually different. A proper DNA test by a qualified avian veterinarian can tell you whether your pet is a boy or girl.

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS:

All species of lorikeets and lories are strikingly beautiful birds with colorful and/or shiny plumage. They are known as one the most beautiful parrots.

The basic differences between lorikeets and lories are:

Lorikeets - Smaller, have a long pointed tail; body color is generally green with patches of red and yellow.
Lories - Larger and heavier bodied, have a short blunt tail; body color is generally red with patches of yellow, purple and green.
However, there are always exceptions, of course!
Lories and Lorikeets have unusual “paintbrush” tongues made of thousands of papillae (tiny hairs on the surface of the tongue). The lories/lorikeets use these special tongues to get nectar and pollen, which is the mainstay of their diet, out of flowers. They will “unfold” or widen the tongue when they are using it to gather food, and then fold it back up when they are finished using it!

SIGNS OF A HEALTHY ANIMAL:

A healthy bird should be perky, active and alert with bright, clear eyes, cere (fleshy nose area) and nares (nostrils). You should observe your bird eating and drinking throughout the day, although they may prefer to eat when you are eating, as they are flock oriented animals.
Your bird should appear well groomed with neat, bright feathers. The feathers should be mostly smoothed to the body at rest - not continually fluffed. The feet and legs should be smooth and free of lumps, scabs and rough scales.
Birds vocalize regularly with chirps, clicks, whistles and learned words. They enjoy communicating and mimicking. Your bird should be interested in communicating, but may be shy or intimidated around new people or in new environments.
A healthy bird is confident and inquisitive, although cautious and aware as well.

NORMAL BEHAVIOR & INTERACTION:

Birds are flock-oriented animals, and they do well with other birds in the home to communicate with. However, you and your family become part of your bird’s flock as well. It is wonderful to have more than one bird (not necessarily in the same cage), but it is not absolutely necessary in order for a for a parrot species to thrive happily in the home.
Parrots are extremely intelligent animals. Despite their tiny heads and brains, they have great ability to comprehend, “speak” in context, and interact sensibly with their human flocks. As a parrot keeper, it is important to work with your bright pet on a regular basis. Because of their intelligence, they are quite needy of this interaction. A neglected parrot often becomes a “problem bird” and may begin showing their frustration with behavior such as biting, screaming or feather picking (although feather picking may stem from a physical problem as well). These behaviors are not necessarily irreversible. Every bird is worth the effort of proper training!
**Do not purchase or adopt a parrot solely for their ability to “speak” and mimic. Every bird is different, and there is no guarantee that your new bird will possess these talents. However, EVERY bird has the full capacity to unconditionally love and to steal your heart with their own personal special powers, and they deserve this same love and care in return.
Some parrots often get labeled as “one person birds”. Although this may sometimes seem to be the case, many members of the household - with work - can have a good relationship with the family bird. Birds do mate for life in the wild, so it is natural for them to do the same in the home, and choose one person to have that closest relationship with.
Birds can also read people very well, so those who interact with them with care and confidence will often receive more “respect” in return! So, if everyone in the “flock” equally showers your feathery friend with attention, there is a greater chance that they
will all benefit from a close relationship with him or her. Go slowly with any new pet, but especially with parrots. Being intelligent prey animals, they can be very suspicious and careful, but can also be won over with enough continued patience. Prove to them that they can trust you and you have a companion for life!
Every parrot, even within the same species, has his or her own personality. Some parrots are very bold and interactive, and some are subdued and shy. The more you work with your pet, the more comfortable s/he will become and the more his or her own personality will emerge.
Adopt your parrot ready to accept whatever he or she may become - just like adopting a child. Remember that acquiring a parrot is a long-term commitment. Depending upon the species, your parrot may live between 15 to 60 years!
Pay close attention to your parrot’s body language. Ruffled feathers can mean an aggravated parrot. Also, a parrot has the ability to “pin” his eyes - make his pupils smaller on purpose - when angry or excited. An aggravated, angry or threatened parrot will attempt to look larger and more intimidating by puffing up his/her feathers, crouching lower than normal and rocking back and forth on the feet a bit. Respect this posture and give your parrot some space.
Parrots have extremely strong, dexterous feet. Many parrots enjoy hanging and swinging upside-down in their cage. They also have the ability to manipulate very little things with their seemingly giant feet, such as tiny seeds or small toys.
As you and your parrot get to know each other, you will begin to know what her or she likes and doesn’t like. He or she will adopt favorite foods, toys, activities, music and even television shows. Your parrot may learn to hear you coming home and greet you with happy chirps as you come in the door. A relationship with a parrot can be an extremely rewarding and wonderful experience, one some people never expect from a bird!

Tropical Lories/Lorikeets -The larger, tropical lories/lorikeets are often better “talkers” than the smaller, Australian species. The tropical species are also known for their excellent mimicry abilities and can perfectly imitate the sounds of household items such as microwaves and telephones. They are extremely intelligent, energetic, boisterous and quite loud. These species are not recommended as apartment dwellers. They require keepers who are patient and committed. Also, the larger species must be well trained and socialized from the very start, as they are a species who can easily “own the owner”.

Australian Lories/Lorikeets -The smaller, Australian species are also able to talk as well, but their voices tend to be a bit more high and squeaky and therefore harder to understand without experience. These smaller species are relatively quiet; most can be kept in apartment settings. They are sweet, charming, loving birds that make excellent family pets. Australian species are playful, enjoy music, love to dance, play-wrestle, chase and hop - especially with others of their same species. They are very entertaining to watch!

Some lories/lorikeets of both species can become very territorial of their cages and immediate environments. They may hang off the sides of the cage and lunge at passers-by.
All lories/lorikeets can be very messy birds to keep. Because of their specialized diet of fruit and nectars, their droppings are wet, messy and wonderfully colorful; and they do have a tendency to escape the cage. The cage and surrounding area must be cleaned daily.

Some lories/lorikeets like to wrap themselves in a blanket to sleep, and some will sleep on their backs.

DIET:

Lories and lorikeets have a very specialized diet. They DO NOT and CANNOT eat seed. It can kill them.
In their natural, wild environment, lory and lorikeet diets consist mainly of flowers, nectar, pollen, vegetables and fruit.
In captivity, as pets, owners must replicate this natural diet as closely as possible.
A proper lory/lorikeet diet consists of two main parts: high quality, balanced nectar and fresh fruits and vegetables.

Nectar: “Lory powders” and wet mixes are available commercially and must be fed daily as an important part of the healthy diet. Nectar mixes can also be homemade, but it may be difficult to ensure that all the proper ingredients and nutrients are present. Because of this, it is recommended that lory/lorikeet owners choose one of the better commercial brands. These mixes consist of nectars, pollen, ground fruits and vegetables and a proper balance of vitamins and minerals.
This mix must be replaced every four hours, as it can harbor harmful bacteria which can make your pet sick.

Also provide untreated, fresh fruit tree branches with flowers and buds, such as from apple and pear trees when available.

All fruits, vegetables and flowers should be pesticide free. Organic is always best.

SUPPLEMENTS:

The only supplement that should be necessary if you are feeding your parrot correctly should be calcium.
Calcium can usually be offered in the form of a cuttlebone or calcium treat that attaches to the inside of your bird’s cage. If you notice that your bird does not touch his cuttlebone or calcium treat, a powdered supplement such as packaged oyster shell can be added directly to your pet’s food. Follow the directions on the supplement package.
Also make sure your pet is getting a good intake of vitamin A in the form of red and orange fruits and vegetables.
For optimal physiologic use of the calcium you are giving your bird, the bird should be exposed to UVB light for at least
3-4 hours a day (or more or less depending on the species). Please see our UVB Lighting for Companion Birds and
Reptiles handout for further information about UVB light.

WATER:

Fresh water must be available to your bird at all times. Because your pet will often even bathe in his water, it must be checked and changed several times a day. It is recommended that the bowl be wiped clean with a paper towel at every change to prevent a slimy film from collecting on the inside of the bowl. This ‘slime’ will harbor bacteria, which can be dangerous for your bird. Thoroughly wash the bowl with a mild dishwashing detergent and water at least once a day.

All water given to birds for drinking, as well as water used for misting, soaking or bathing must be 100% free of chlorine and heavy metals. (Not all home water filtration systems remove 100% of the chlorine and heavy metals from tap water). We recommend that you use unflavored bottled drinking water or bottled natural spring water; never use untreated tap water. If tap water is used, you should treat it with a de-chlorinating treatment. Do not use distilled water, which can cause severe medical problems, since it lacks minerals that are essential to important body functions.

HOUSING & ENVIRONMENT:

Lories and lorikeets need a clean, warm, mentally stimulating environment. A wrought iron parrot cage, free of rust and chips is the best home for a pet lorikeet or lory.
Since these birds can be extremely messy with their droppings - often “shooting” them out behind them - it is highly recommended to keep them against a solid wall. Consider placing plexi-glass around the lower perimeter of the cage to keep the wet droppings from exiting the cage area. A carpeted floor under a lorikeet/lory cage will be ruined quickly. If the room has carpeting, a suitable under-cage covering of plastic or tile would be a good idea.

The cage size should be at least 36” x 28” x 24”, with bar spacing between ½ and 5/8 inches.

If the bars are too far apart, your crafty bird is very likely to try to squeeze through them and then get stuck.
The cage should be placed in a family centered room where the bird(s) will feel a part of the “flock”; however the back of the cage should be positioned against a wall to provide security. Your parrot will feel threatened and nervous if it is in direct traffic. Avoid drafty areas and any placement that will get too much direct sun for any portion of the day.
If your bird spends time out of his cage, make sure that any ceiling fans are off while he is out.
Do not place your bird’s cage in the kitchen, as cooking fumes and even a small amount of smoke can be fatal.
Average room temperature will be fine for your bird, not to exceed 80 degrees. Be careful of drafts from air conditioning, especially when bathing and misting.
Perches of varying materials and types should be included in the cage. We recommend having at least three different types. Having different types will exercise the feet and prevent sores and foot related health issues. See the recommended supplies section.
At least three clean bowls should be ready for use: one for fresh water, one for seed/pellets and one for fresh foods. ???
Your bird may appreciate a cage cover for nighttime. The cover can block out any extraneous light and create a more secure sleeping place. Be careful not to use any fabrics for your cover that your bird might catch his claws or beak in, or that he might pull strings from and eat.

DO NOT USE SANDPAPER COVERED PERCHES OR FLOOR PAPER. THESE PRODUCTS ARE DANGEROUS AND CAN CAUSE SEVERE DAMAGE TO YOUR BIRD’S FEET.

ALSO, DO NOT USE “BIRD DISKS” or “MITE DISKS”. THESE ARE NOT EFFECTIVE AND MAY HARM YOUR BIRD. SEE YOUR AVIAN VETERINARIAN IF YOU SUSPECT PARASITES.

DO NOT USE BIRD GRAVEL.
BIRD GRAVEL IS USED FOR BIRDS WHO DO NOT CRACK THE HULL OR SHELL OF THE SEEDS THEY EAT. IT IS MEANT TO GRIND THE SEEDS IN THE CROP OF THE BIRD. DOVES AND PIGEONS CAN BE GIVEN BIRD GRAVEL, BUT
CANARIES, PARAKEETS, AND ALL SPECIES OF PARROT WILL CRUSH THE SEED OR NUTS BEFORE INGESTING THEM AND THEREFORE DO NOT BENEFIT AT ALL FROM GRAVEL.
GRAVEL CAN BE SERIOUSLY DANGEROUS FOR BIRDS OTHER THAN DOVES AND PIGEONS - IT CAUSES SEVERE IMPACTIONS, WHICH ARE OFTEN FATAL.

CORN COB BEDDING CAN QUICKLY BREED MOLD AND MILDEW, WHICH IS DANGEROUS TO YOUR BIRD.
BIRDS CAN ALSO BECOME IMPACTED FROM SWALLOWING CORN COB BEDDING.

ENRICHMENT:

In the wild, parrots spend most of their day from morning until night foraging for their food.
In our homes in a cage, their food is right at their beaks, no need to go hunting! Because of this, it is very easy for our pet birds to become bored and lazy. Since these animals are so intelligent, it is a horrible sentence to be banished to a cage with nothing to do.
“Enrichment” is important because it will keep your bird’s mind busy!
At least three types of toys is a good number in this case as well. Purchase species appropriate sized toys, and remember that parrot toys are meant to be destroyed! Parrots enjoy shiny, wooden, rope, foraging, and plastic toys. It is very important to purchase toys made specifically for parrots as they are much more likely to be safer in construction and material. Birds can be poisoned by dangerous metals, such as lead or zinc. They can also chew off small pieces of improperly manufactured “toys” and ingest them, which of course can lead to a variety of health problems.
Be sure to include “foraging” toys. These types of toys mimic the work that a bird might do to find food in the wild. Hide treats in cardboard tubes and balled up paper or purchase plastic puzzle toys, which force your pet to work for his treats!
Several types of “play places” are available for safe out-of-cage playtime. A portable one can allow your bird to spend time with you in different rooms (just avoid the kitchen!).

RECOMMENDED SUPPLIES:

A wrought iron parrot cage, free of rust and chips.
Cage should be at least 36” x 48” x 24”, with bar spacing between ½ and 5/8 inches.
36 x 60 x 36 for two parrots.

As selection of at least 3 different perches, such as wood dowel, natural branch type, a therapeutic perch or a cement perch.

Lory/Lorikeet specific foods - see DIET heading/.NO SEED!

At least 3 different toys. Purchasing more than 3 can allow you to interchange them in your parrot’s cage to prevent boredom.

A bird safe cage cover.
Be careful of using towels and blankets, which can catch bird nails and beaks in their threads or create too warm an environment inside.

UVB bulb and housing

CAGE MAINTENANCE:

Your parrot’s cage should be checked daily for any dirt that is accessible to your bird. Feces and spoiling food should be wiped clean of perches, cups and cage bars consistently to prevent health problems. You will need to clean your lory or lorikeet cage DAILY. Remove any uneaten fruits or vegetables at the end of the day and remember to change the nectar every four hours.

Cage paper (which should be under a floor grate to prevent access to droppings) can be changed every to every-other day.
Check the metal parts & bars of your bird’s cage periodically for chipped paint and rust, which can cause serious health issues if your bird chews or swallows any flaked pieces.

The entire cage should be cleaned thoroughly at least once every month with:

A mild dishwashing liquid in warm water (make a weak dilution),
THEN

Vinegar & water (1:8)
OR bleach and warm water (1:32)

Cage “furniture” should also be scrubbed clean with the same dilution.

RINSE OFF ALL SOAP AND BLEACH THOROUGHLY WITH PLAIN WATER BEFORE RE-INTRODUCING YOUR PET TO ITS ENCLOSURE!!

NEVER MIX VINEGAR AND BLEACH - IT CREATES A TOXIC SOLUTION

GROOMING & HYGIENE:

All birds should be gently misted with a water bottle dedicated to this use only. The spray should be room temperature and misty, sprayed up and over the bird to replicate a fine rain. NEVER spray the bird directly in the face.
In addition to misting, a room temperature birdbath should be offered to your bird at least twice weekly. Monitor your bird while he is bathing, and remove the bath when he is finished.
During misting and bathing procedures, make sure there are no drafts that may chill your bird when he is wet, which can cause respiratory issues.
If your bird seems to stop grooming himself and becomes dirty and unkempt, contact your avian veterinarian. He may be ill.
Be sure to see your avian veterinarian on a regular basis for wing and nail trims.