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INTRODUCTION Millimeter and submillimeter (submm) observations are critical to our understanding of galaxy birth and evolution in the early Universe. Studies of the diffuse far-IR and millimeter cosmic background radiation have shown this radiation is due to discrete sources dominated by luminous and ultraluminous infrared/submm galaxies at high redshift Multiwavelength studies of these galaxies have shown that they are massive, young objects in the process of formation, with very high star formation rates. However progress in understanding these galaxies has been hampered by their faintness at optical wavelengths and the poor angular resolution (~ 14 arcsec) of submm cameras. SMA and Spitzer Space Telescope (infrared) observations of these galaxies can provide new insight into the true nature of these sources.

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CONCLUSIONS From AzTEC and SMA observations, evidence for a population of SMGs that peak earlier in cosmic time (z > 3) –Constraints on galaxy formation and dust production models. From SMA imaging, brightest SMGs are single compact point-sources –Constraints on the physical mechanism driving far infrared emission and star formation Highlights the power of SMA to localize SMGs with sufficient accuracy for follow-up observations with HST and Spitzer Space Telescope. Younger, Fazio, et al. (2007) [astro-ph/ ]

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THE TARGET: LH Brightest 850/1100  m source in the LH Two likely radio counterparts, one bright proximate MIPS source We detected LH at high significance (>6  ) with the SMA Compact, single point source singles out one radio counterpart Younger, Dunlop, Peck, Ivison et al. [in prep.]

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CONCLUSIONS (from a sample of 1) Clean illustration of problems with SMG counterpart identification Similar high-z SMG is also the brightest 850  m source in a wide-area blank field survey –High-z nature of sources likely related correlated more closely with brightness/luminosity than the wavelength in which they were selected –Brightest SMGs may be the most distant