June-July ash plumes reported by pilots may be the first eruptions in 122 years

The Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) provided a series of pilot reports on Leroboleng. Confirmation from observers on the ground are pending.

At 1038 on 26 June 2003 aviators reportedly saw an ash plume rise to ~1.8 km altitude. An aircraft crew advised that the activity appeared to be increasing. Ash was not visible on satellite imagery. Another report stated that an ash plume was visible above Leroboleng at 1606 on 14 July at ~2.5 km altitude. Ash was not visible on satellite imagery and at that time VSI personnel could not observe the volcano. An alleged eruption on 29 July at 0900 lasted 10 minutes and sent an ash cloud to ~7.3 km altitude.

Based on a pilot's report, the Darwin VAAC reported that an ash plume was visible above Leroboleng on 14 July at 1606 at a height of`~2.5 km. Ash was not visible on satellite imagery and VSI personnel could not observe the volcano.

Based on information from an aircraft report, the Darwin VAAC reported that an ash plume from Leroboleng rose to ~1.8 km a.s.l. on 26 June. Ash was not visible on satellite imagery. Leroboleng has not erupted since the 19th century, and results from ground observations are pending.

Information is preliminary and subject to change. All times are local (unless otherwise noted)

June-July ash plumes reported by pilots may be the first eruptions in 122 years

The Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) provided a series of pilot reports on Leroboleng. Confirmation from observers on the ground are pending.

At 1038 on 26 June 2003 aviators reportedly saw an ash plume rise to ~1.8 km altitude. An aircraft crew advised that the activity appeared to be increasing. Ash was not visible on satellite imagery. Another report stated that an ash plume was visible above Leroboleng at 1606 on 14 July at ~2.5 km altitude. Ash was not visible on satellite imagery and at that time VSI personnel could not observe the volcano. An alleged eruption on 29 July at 0900 lasted 10 minutes and sent an ash cloud to ~7.3 km altitude.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Synonyms

Lewono | Leweno | Iliburak | Lereboleng | Leweroh | Lewero | Leworoh

Craters

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Burak

Crater

945 m

Gelimun
Gelimoen

Crater

967 m

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

LatitudeLongitude

264200

2003 CE

1095 m / 3592 ft

8.365°S
122.833°E

Volcano Types

Complex

Rock Types

MajorAndesite / Basaltic Andesite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zoneCrustal thickness unknown

Population

Within 5 kmWithin 10 kmWithin 30 kmWithin 100 km

9,164
26,794
358,627
896,194

Geological Summary

Leroboleng volcano, also known as Lereboleng or Lewono, lies at the eastern end of a 4.5-km-long, WSW-ESE-trending chain of three volcanoes straddling a narrow peninsula in NE Flores Island. The summit of Gunung Leroboleng contains 29 small fissure-controlled craters, two containing lakes. A small lava dome occupies one of the craters. Most of the craters originated along three N-S-trending fissures immediately east of the summit of the volcano. The largest crater, 250-m-wide Ili Gelimun, is located SSE of the summit and fed lava flows from a lower south-flank vent. Explosive eruptions were reported from Burak crater during the 19th century.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

Deformation History

There is no Deformation History data available for Leroboleng.

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for Leroboleng.

Photo Gallery

The summit of Leroboleng volcano contains 29 small fissure-controlled craters, two containing lakes; a small lava dome occupies one of the craters. Leroboleng volcano is also known as Lereboleng or Lewono and lies at the eastern end of a 4.5-km-long, WSW-ESE-trending chain of three volcanoes straddling a narrow peninsula in NE Flores Island. Most of the craters originated along three N-S-trending fissures immediately east of the summit of the volcano.

Photo by Volcanological Survey of Indonesia.

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

Affiliated Sites

The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the MAGA Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO2 to the atmosphere, but installing CO2 monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).