Aromatic shrub, native to the Maritimes. Astringent action of root bark abates diarrhea and hemorrhages; and as a gargle, soothes sore throat. Wax-covered berries are used to make aromatic candles and soap. Berries are boiled in water, liberating the wax which floats on top. Berries produce blue dye and with various mordants, leaves produce yellow, gold and greyish-green dyes. Seeds germinate more readily if wax is removed and seeds are exposed to 6 weeks of moist cold treatment.