Neutron diffraction has become a well-established technique for
the understanding of the mechanical properties and deformation behaviours in
various metals and alloys. The unique advantages of neutron diffraction science
include the deep penetration, three-dimensional mapping capability, and volume
averaged bulk measurement characteristics of the neutron beam. In this
presentation, I would like to present a brief introduction to the neutron
diffraction and a few research subjects, which bridge microstructure and
physical, mechanical properties in structural materials. Examples include: 1)
residual stress distributions of extra thick welds and its influence on the
fracture toughness and crack propagation, 2) anisotropic deformation behaviour
(stress partitioning) between stiff and compliant phases or (hkl) grains in a
dual phase steel, AlSi10Mg additive manufactured specimen, and AlCoCrFeNi
high-entrophy alloy, 3) stress, texture, and grain structure evolutions under
the friction-stir processing. In addition, a brief summary will be provided for
the nano-cluster (precipitate) analysis and neutron radiography imaging method.
These studies can enhance the understanding of the relationship between
microstructure and mechanical properties in structural materials.