About Salus

Salus Publica – the Foundation for Public Health has been established in 2009 in Krakow, as an non-governmental organization (NGO) devoted to supporting research on public health and the promotion of educational activities targeting children and young people, especially in rural communities and less economically developed regions of Poland. It has been registered as a foundation and its president is a professor in the Institute of Public Health of the Jagiellonian University – it ensures high scientific quality of the projects in which Salus Publica is involved. The Foundation maintains active collaboration and receives advice from researchers from University College London, Yale University, Harvard University etc. Collaborative projects focus on cultural, educational and economic determinants of health and demography of rural communities.

Salus Publica has been involved (as a co-sponsor, starting in 2009) in a number of research projects on public health (resulting in several highly cited publications), mostly focusing on young people and women in several rural communities in southern Poland. The Foundation has provided financial and organizational support to summer research projects during which undergraduate and doctoral students from Poland and abroad receive field training and carry out their thesis-related research. Salus Publica has also sponsored participation of students in international scientific conferences.

Foundation’s resources have, until recently, come exclusively from private contributions and gifts from companies in the form of cosmetics, books and toys, which were then donated to rural school libraries and to children of the study participants.

The Patron

Witold Chodźko (1875–1954) was a Polish social activist, public health pioneer, neurologist and psychiatrist.

Witold Chodźko was born on November 1, 1875 in Piotrków Trybunalski and graduated in 1899 cum eximia laude from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Warsaw. He had internships in neurology and psychiatry in Paris and Graz, then worked as a psychiatrist in Lublin hospitals, was active in the educational-charitable association „Light”, and was one of the founders of the Society „A Drop of Milk”, an institution that ran in Lublin an infant feeding program.

In the years 1907-1914 he was the director of a psychiatric hospital in Kochanówka near Lodz, which he expanded and modernized. He created there departments of therapy and rehabilitation through work-related activities. Together with his medical team Chodzko conducted active scientific research. During that period he represented Polish psychiatry at international congresses. During the First World War he was director of the St. John of God hospital in Warsaw, and in 1916 he was elected to the City Council. At that time he became involved in the organization of public health care. From 1918 to 1923 he was Undersecretary of State, then Minister in the first Polish Ministry of Health, Labor Protection and Welfare. It was said that “his heart was open equally to the crowd and the individuals. This was the first Polish Minister whom any citizen of the state, whether unemployed, beggar or a child, could get to meet twice a week, without reporting first to the secretaries”.

He presented several public health law proposals, including care for the mentally ill, public access to treatments in health spas, preventive vaccination programs, and introduced the idea of community/district nurses. He opposed the drafting of eugenics ideas (which was initially regarded as a public hygiene issue) into law, since this could have been a prelude to racist activities. Chodzko created and held (1919-23) the Office of the Extraordinary Commissioner for the fight against epidemics. He also led the Polish Committee for the Aid to Children (Polski Komitet Pomocy Dzieciom, 1924-1926); he was the government commissioner of the Association of Funds for the Sick (Ogólnopaństwowy Związek Kas Chorych, 1929-1931). From 1926 to 1939, the National School of Hygiene operated on his initiative and under his management at the National Institute of Hygiene in Warszawa.

He was the first president of the Polish Psychiatrists’ Association (1920-23). He was also the president of the Supreme Chamber of Medicine (Naczelna Izba Lekarska, 1929-34) and of the Society of Preventive Medicine (1935-1936), the discipline that was of particular interest to him. He also served as president of the Polish Society of Social Medicine (Polskie Towarzystwo Medycyny Społecznej). Chodzko was also a freemason, acting as member of the masonic lodge “The Truth” (Prawda).

From 1920 until 1938 he was in the delegation of the Polish Government to the Assembly of the League of Nations, the International Office of Public Hygiene (an advisory board for child and youth care), and to the International Sanitary Conferences. His main activities were focused on public health of rural areas, fight against drugs and against trafficking of women and children. During World War II Chodzko worked as a custodian guarding the collections of the National Institute of Hygiene’s library and as head of the health section of the Warsaw’s Social Welfare Committee (Komitet Pomocy Społecznej).

From 1945 he was associate professor, and from 1947 – full professor and chairman of the Department of General Hygiene at the Faculty of Medicine of the Marie Curie-Skłodowska University (later Medical Academy) in Lublin. In 1951 he founded the Institute of Occupational Medicine and Rural Hygiene, currently the Witold Chodzko Institute of Rural Medicine (Instytut Medycyny Wsi), named in his honor.

He was awarded many Polish and foreign decorations (including the Commander’s Cross with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta, the French National Order of the Legion of Honor [Commandeur], Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Italy, Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Romania etc.).

He died in Lublin on January 17, 1954, and was buried at the Powązki Cemetery in Warszawa.