Novato–Hamilton is a Sonoma–Marin Area Rail Transit station in Novato. It opened to preview service on June 29, 2017;[3][4] full commuter service commenced on August 25, 2017. It is located on the south side of the city near Hamilton Parkway, from which the station takes its name, this was one of two stations planned for Novato in the Initial Operating Segment of SMART service until a third was announced to be partially built for opening at a later date.[5]

1.
Train station
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A train station, railway station, railroad station, or depot is a railway facility where trains regularly stop to load or unload passengers or freight. It generally consists of at least one platform and a station building providing such ancillary services as ticket sales. If a station is on a line, it often has a passing loop to facilitate traffic movements. The smallest stations are most often referred to as stops or, in parts of the world. Stations may be at level, underground, or elevated. Connections may be available to intersecting rail lines or other modes such as buses. In British usage, the station is commonly understood to mean a railway station unless otherwise qualified. In the United States, the most common term in contemporary usage is train station, Railway station and railroad station are less frequent. Outside North America, a depot is place where buses, trains, or other vehicles are housed and maintained and from which they are dispatched for service. The two-storey Mount Clare station in Baltimore, Maryland, which survives as a museum, first saw service as the terminus of the horse-drawn Baltimore. The oldest terminal station in the world was Crown Street railway station in Liverpool, built in 1830, as the first train on the Liverpool-Manchester line left Liverpool, the station is slightly older than the Manchester terminal at Liverpool Road. The station was the first to incorporate a train shed, the station was demolished in 1836 as the Liverpool terminal station moved to Lime Street railway station. Crown Street station was converted to a goods station terminal, the first stations had little in the way of buildings or amenities. The first stations in the modern sense were on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, manchesters Liverpool Road Station, the second oldest terminal station in the world, is preserved as part of the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester. It resembles a row of Georgian houses, dual-purpose stations can sometimes still be found today, though in many cases goods facilities are restricted to major stations. In rural and remote communities across Canada and the United States, such stations were known as flag stops or flag stations. Many stations date from the 19th century and reflect the architecture of the time. Countries where railways arrived later may still have such architecture, as later stations often imitated 19th-century styles, various forms of architecture have been used in the construction of stations, from those boasting grand, intricate, Baroque- or Gothic-style edifices, to plainer utilitarian or modernist styles

2.
Novato, California
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Novato is a city in northern Marin County, in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, in the U. S. state of California. As of the 2010 United States Census, its population was 51,904, Novato is located about 10 miles northwest of San Rafael and about 30 miles north of San Francisco on U. S.101. What is now Novato was originally the site of several Coast Miwok villages, Chokecherry, near downtown Novato, Puyuku, near Ignacio, in 1839 the Mexican government granted the 8, 876-acre Rancho Novato to Fernando Feliz. The rancho was named after a local Miwok leader who had probably given the name of Saint Novatus at his baptism. R. Novato, along with the rest of California, became part of the United States on February 2,1848, early pioneers included Joseph Sweetser and Francis De Long who bought 15,000 acres in the mid-1850s and planted orchards and vineyards. The first post office at Novato opened in 1856, it closed in 1860, the first school was built in 1859 at the corner of Grant Avenue at what is today Redwood Boulevard. The original town was located around Novato Creek at what is now South Novato Boulevard, a railroad was built in 1879, connecting Novato to Sonoma County and San Rafael. The area around the depot became known as New Town. The current depot was built in 1917, but closed in 1959 and is largely derelict, the depot consisted of two buildings, a warehouse and a station. The warehouse burned twice in the intervening years, behind the rail station/warehouse complex was a grain and feed mill complex. A Presbyterian church, still a landmark in Novato today, was built in 1896, until 2006 it housed a number of city offices, but was vacated that year due to safety concerns and condemned. The church has since been renovated, a new city center complex has been erected adjacent to the old City Hall The Great Depression of the 1930s had a marked effect on the area as many farmers lost their land. After World War II, Novato grew quickly with the construction of tract homes, as the area was unincorporated much of the growth was unplanned and uncontrolled. Novato was finally incorporated as a city in 1960, one of the most important venues of the time was Western Weekend. Beard growing contests sponsored by Bobs Barber Shop and many other odd activities helped to bring community together. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 28.0 square miles. 27.4 square miles of it is land and 0.5 square miles of it is water, major geographical features nearby include Mount Burdell and Mount Burdell Open Space Preserve to the north and Big Rock Ridge to the southwest. Stafford Lake to the west is a water supply for Novato

3.
California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565

4.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci

5.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation

6.
Side platform
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A side platform is a platform positioned to the side of a pair of tracks at a railway station, tram stop, or transitway. Dual side platform stations, one for direction of travel, is the basic station design used for double-track railway lines. Side platforms may result in a wider overall footprint for the station compared with a platform where a single width of platform can be shared by riders using either track. In some stations, the two platforms are connected by a footbridge running above and over the tracks. While a pair of platforms is often provided on a dual-track line. Where the station is close to a crossing the platforms may either be on the same side of the crossing road or alternatively may be staggered in one of two ways. With the near-side platforms configuration, each platform appears before the intersection, in some situations a single side platform can be served by multiple vehicles simultaneously with a scissors crossing provided to allow access mid-way along its length. Normally, the facilities of the station are located on the Up platform with the other platform accessed from a footbridge. However, in cases the stations main buildings are located on whichever side faces the town or village the station serves. Larger stations may have two platforms with several island platforms in between. Some are in a Spanish solution format, with two platforms and an island platform in between, serving two tracks

7.
San Rafael Transit Center
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The San Rafael Transportation Center in San Rafael, California, also called the C. Paul Bettini Transportation Center, is the main passenger transit terminal for Marin County. From here, passengers can make transfers throughout Marin County, to San Francisco, Contra Costa and it is also an important station for buses serving San Francisco International Airport, Oakland International Airport, and the rest of the country. The Transit Center is planned to be moved in the years as Sonoma-Marin Area Rail Transit begins operations. The original San Rafael railway depot that served the Northwestern Pacific Railroad was located at what is now a north of the station. As rail use fell into decline and was discontinued in the mid 20th century, busses came to prominence with the expansion of the road, the current transportation center was constructed in 1991. The San Rafael Transit Center hosts to a number of bus agencies, including, Golden Gate Transit - serving Marin, Contra Costa, Sonoma, Marin Transit - serving Marin County Marin Airporter - serving the San Francisco International Airport from Marin County. Airport Express - serving the Oakland International Airport, serves as stopover for Marin County to Sonoma County, Sonoma County Transit - serving the Sonoma Valley from San Rafael. One morning southbound and one northbound only, with timed connections to Golden Gate Transit buses to San Francisco. Greyhound Bus Lines - the main stop of Greyhound in Marin County, serving points in Northern California and the rest of the United States. In addition to bus services, there is a double-track railway, commuter trains arrived in Santa Rosa for testing in March 2016 after a fifty seven-year absence of such services. Rail operations have significantly disrupted service to bus stop locations, the San Rafael Transit Center is located at the corner of 3rd and Hetherton Streets, bounded by Tamalpais Avenue to the west and 2nd Street to the south. Along with that, being the stop for Greyhound for the county, SRTC provides connections for its passengers from within Marin County to intra-. Note, † - Select Route 259 trips originate as Route 251 Note, Route 101, Golden Gate Transits limited-stop service, serves the San Rafael Transit Center complementing the existing Route 80 on weekdays and Saturdays. For a description of this service, click here, Route 80 continues to serve the SRTC weeknights, weekends, and holidays when the Route 101 does not operate. The San Rafael Transit Center has the following amenities for its passengers, Saluté Cafe, also nearby are three park-and-ride lots within walking distance of the SRTC, all located under the Highway 101 overpass, that allow commuter parking. Golden Gate Transit Marin Transit San Rafael Sonoma County Transit

8.
Marin Independent Journal
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The Marin Independent Journal is the main newspaper of Marin County, California. The paper is owned by California Newspapers Partnership which is in turn owned by MediaNews Group. The Independent Journal was formed from the merger of the Marin Journal, the weekly Journal, one of the states oldest newspapers, had been established in 1861 as the Marin County Journal. The Journal was published in San Rafael on Saturdays by Jerome A. Barney, the Independent had been started by Harry Granice in 1900 as the weekly San Rafael Independent, which became a daily by 1903 under the management of his daughter, Celeste Granice Murphy. The merged paper was called the San Rafael Independent-Journal. Gannett acquired the paper from the Brown family in 1980, MediaNews Group acquired the paper from Gannett in 2000. In 2002, former President George H. W. Bush described American Taliban John Walker Lindh as some misguided Marin County hot-tubber. His comment prompted criticism among readers of the Marin Independent Journal, until Bush sent the paper a letter of apology, Call off the dogs, I am chastened and will never use hot tub and Marin county in the same sentence again. Staff of the Marin Independent Journal have won the recent awards. Freedom of Information General Award - First place for Freedom of Information for battling in court for years to get Marin County government to release county payroll information. The payroll data is available in a database at http, //www. marinij.25 Sunday, Official website Media Resources in Marin Official Twitter site Official Facebook page

9.
Sonoma County, California
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Sonoma County is a county in the U. S. state of California. As of the 2010 United States Census, its population was 483,878 and its county seat and largest city is Santa Rosa. It is located to the north of Marin County and the south of Mendocino County and it is west of Napa County and Lake County. Sonoma County comprises the Santa Rosa, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area and it is the northwestern county in the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area region. Sonoma is the county and largest producer of California’s Wine Country region, which also includes Napa, Mendocino. It possesses thirteen approved American Viticultural Areas and over 250 wineries, in 2002, Sonoma County ranked as the 32nd county in the United States in agricultural production. More than 7.4 million tourists each year, spending more than $1 billion in 2006. Sonoma County is the home of Sonoma State University and Santa Rosa Junior College, Sonoma County is home to several Native American tribes. By the 1830s, European settlement had set a new direction that would prove to radically alter the course of land use, Sonoma County has rich agricultural land, albeit largely divided between two nearly monocultural uses as of 2007, grapes and pasturage. The voters have twice approved open space initiatives that have provided funding for public acquisition of natural areas, preserving forested areas, coastal habitat, and other open space. The Pomo, Coast Miwok and Wappo peoples were the earliest human settlers of Sonoma County, spaniards, Russians, and other Europeans claimed and settled in the county from the late 16th to mid-19th century, seeking timber, fur, and farmland. The Russians were the first newcomers to establish a permanent foothold in Sonoma County and this settlement and its outlying Russian settlements came to include a population of several hundred Russian and Aleut settlers and a stockaded fort with artillery. However, the Russians abandoned it in 1841 and sold the fort to John Sutter, settler and Mexican land grantee of Sacramento. The Mission San Francisco Solano, founded in 1823 as the last and northernmost of 21 California missions, is in the present City of Sonoma, El Presidio de Sonoma, or Sonoma Barracks, was established in 1836 by Comandante General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo. The City of Sonoma was the site of the Bear Flag Revolt in 1846, Sonoma was one of the original counties formed when California became a state in 1850, with its county seat originally the town of Sonoma. However, by the early 1850s, the town of Sonoma had declined in importance in terms of commerce and population, its county buildings were crumbling, and it was relatively remote. As a result, elements in the newer, rapidly growing towns of Petaluma, Santa Rosa, the dispute ultimately was between the bigger, richer commercial town of Petaluma and the more centrally located, growing agricultural center of Santa Rosa. Allegedly, several Santa Rosans, not caring to wait, decided to take action and, one night, rode down the Sonoma Valley to Sonoma, took the county seals and records, some of the countys land was annexed from Mendocino County between 1850 and 1860

10.
Marin County, California
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Marin County /məˈrɪn/ is a county located in the San Francisco Bay Area of the U. S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 252,409 and its county seat is San Rafael. Marin County is included in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area across the Golden Gate Bridge from San Francisco, Marin County is one of the wealthiest localities in the United States, known for its affluence. In May 2009, Marin County had the fifth highest income per capita in the United States at about $91,480, the county is governed by the Marin County Board of Supervisors. The county is well known for its natural beauty and liberal politics. San Quentin Prison is located in the county, as is George Lucas Skywalker Ranch, autodesk, the publisher of AutoCAD, is also located there, as well as numerous other high-tech companies. The Marin County Civic Center was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright and draws thousands of visitors a year to guided tours of its arch, in 1994, a new county jail facility was embedded into the hillside nearby. Marin Countys natural sites include the Muir Woods redwood forest, the Marin Headlands, Stinson Beach, the Point Reyes National Seashore, the United States oldest cross country running event, the Dipsea Race, takes place annually in Marin County, attracting thousands of athletes. Mountain biking was invented on the slopes of Mount Tamalpais in Marin, According to General Mariano Vallejo, who headed an 1850 committee to name Californias counties, the county was named for Marin, great chief of the tribe Licatiut. Marin had been named Huicmuse until he was baptized as Marino at about age 20, Marin / Marino was born into the Huimen people, a Coast Miwok tribe of Native Americans who inhabited the San Rafael area. Vallejo believed that Chief Marin had waged several fierce battles against the Spanish, starting in 1817, he served as an alcalde at the San Rafael Mission, where he lived from 1817 off and on until his death. The Coast Miwok Indians were hunters and gatherers whose ancestors had occupied the area for thousands of years, about 600 village sites have been identified in the county. The Coast Miwok numbered in the thousands, today, there are few left and even fewer with any knowledge of their Coast Miwok lineage. Efforts are being made so that they are not forgotten, francis Drake and the crew of the Golden Hind was thought to have landed on the Marin coast in 1579 claiming the land as Nova Albion. A bronze plaque inscribed with Drakes claim to the new lands and this so-called Drakes Plate of Brass was revealed as a hoax in 2003. In 1595, Sebastian Cermeno lost his ship, the San Agustin, the Spanish explorer Vizcaíno landed about twenty years after Drake in what is now called Drakes Bay. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 828 square miles. It is the fourth-smallest county in California by land area

11.
Golden Gate Ferry
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Golden Gate Ferry is one of three transportation systems owned and operated by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. The other two are the Golden Gate Bridge and Golden Gate Transit bus service, Golden Gate Ferry connects San Francisco to Marin County, California. Funding for the service is composed primarily of passenger fares. Golden Gate Ferry serves Larkspur, Sausalito, and Tiburon in Marin County, supplemental service is provided for special events. Service to Sausalito began in 1970, and service to Larkspur started in 1976, service to AT&T Park started in 2000. Most recently, service to Tiburon began on 6 March 2017, note, Schedule information listed below is current as of 6 March 2017. The Larkspur and Sausalito routes provide expanded service during the summer, holidays include Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, and Labor Day. No service operates on Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Year’s Day, a reduced schedule operates on Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, the Day after Thanksgiving, and on the days around Christmas and New Years Day. The Larkspur Ferry Terminal is served by Golden Gate Transit Route 25, the Larkspur Ferry Shuttle is timed to meet ferry crossings during weekday commute hours. Additional service is provided by Marin Transit Routes 17,29, and 228, the Sausalito Ferry Landing is served by Golden Gate Transit Routes 2,30, and 92, which pick up on Bridgeway. Additional service is provided by Marin Transit Routes 17,61, 66F, and 71X, the Tiburon Ferry Landing is served by Golden Gate Transit Route 8, which picks up on Tiburon Boulevard. Additional service is provided by Marin Transit Routes 219 and 219F, the San Francisco Ferry Building is served by numerous Muni bus and streetcar lines and several San Francisco Bay Ferry lines. Golden Gate Ferry fares differ by route, passenger type, fares are effective 6 March 2017. Youths are ages 5 through 18, seniors are ages 65 and over. Up to 2 children ages 4 and under ride free when accompanied by an adult, transfers from Golden Gate Ferry to Golden Gate Transit are available only with the use of a Clipper card. Transfers from Golden Gate Transit to Golden Gate Ferry are available with cash or use of a Clipper card, transfers are valid for 4 hours for inter-county travel. Transfers may be used up to 3 times to complete a one-way journey, free transfers to and from San Francisco Muni were discontinued in 2010. From Muni to ferry, Clipper customers receive a $0.50 credit on their GGF Clipper fare, the first vessel to provide ferry service was the M. S

12.
Golden Gate Transit
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Golden Gate Transit is a public transportation system serving the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area in California, United States. It primarily serves Marin and Sonoma counties, and also limited service to San Francisco. Funding for cross-bridge Transbay bus service is subsidized by Golden Gate Bridge tolls in addition to traditional federal. GGT provides some bus service within Marin County under contract with Marin Transit, Golden Gate Transit is constituted as a special district under California State Law, as evidenced by Assembly Bill 584, creating the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. Napa, Mendocino, and Del Norte,1 Director each, Golden Gate Transit has alleviated congestion on the Golden Gate Bridge and along the Golden Gate Corridor since 1972. A history of service is listed below, with average annual increase in traffic of 70% over 30 years, the Bridge was close to reaching its saturation point. As congestion mounted, several studies were undertaken to identify alternate means of travel between Marin County and San Francisco, the San Francisco-Marin Crossings report of May 1967 looked at the possibility of building another bridge. The District also considered adding a second deck to the Bridge, the Marin County Transit District considered taking over the existing Greyhound system as a commute service to San Francisco. Greyhound provided transit between Marin County and San Francisco at the time and it was unprofitable, so Greyhound management planned to abandon it. As air pollution increased and congestion took its toll on commuters, San Francisco, Marin, the plan called for bus service from neighborhoods in Marin and Sonoma Counties to the San Francisco Financial District and Civic Center areas. By the late 1960s, the Bridge was operating at capacity during the commute period. Original Bridge construction bonds were due to be retired in 1971, and this included any and all forms of transit, including buses and ferries. The word Transportation was added to the Districts name at that time to indicate its new commitment to public transportation, the legislature did not give the District the authority to levy taxes. Legislation also restricted the use of Bridge tolls to support only regional transit services, on 10 December 1971, Assembly Bill 919 was passed, requiring the District to develop a long-range transportation program for the corridor. Bus service began in December 1970 when the District initiated a service to the Sausalito Ferry Terminal using 5 buses leased from Greyhound on 4 bus routes driven by 4 drivers. The District soon bought 132 buses to start its operations, in September 1971, the District hired 30 experienced Greyhound drivers to operate the new bus service. GGT began operating bus service in December 1971 under contract with MCTD. The initial GGT system was operated with 152 buses and facilities in Novato and Santa Rosa, in 1974, the District opened its permanent bus administration and central maintenance facility at 1011 Andersen Drive in San Rafael

13.
Greyhound Lines
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Greyhound Lines, Inc. usually shortened to Greyhound, is an intercity bus common carrier serving over 3,800 destinations across North America. The companys first route began in Hibbing, Minnesota in 1914, since October 2007, Greyhound has been a subsidiary of British transportation company FirstGroup, but continues to be based in Dallas, Texas, where it has been headquartered since 1987. Greyhound and sister companies in FirstGroup America are the largest motorcoach operators in the United States, carl Eric Wickman was born in Sweden in 1887. In 1905 he moved to the United States where he was working in a mine as an operator in Alice, Minnesota. In the same year, he became a Hupmobile salesman in Hibbing and he proved unable to sell the car. In 1914, using his vehicle, a 7-passenger car, he began a bus service with Andy Anderson. Heed, by transporting iron ore miners from Hibbing to Alice at 15 cents a ride, in 1915 Wickman joined forces with Ralph Bogan, who was running a similar service from Hibbing to Duluth, Minnesota. The name of the new organization was the Mesaba Transportation Company, by the end of World War I in 1918, Wickman owned 18 buses and was making an annual profit of $40,000. In 1922, Wickman joined forces with Orville Caesar, the owner of the Superior White Bus Lines, four years later, Wickman purchased two West Coast operations, the Pioneer Yelloway System and the Pickwick Lines, creating a national intercity bus company. The Greyhound name had its origins in the run of a route from Superior, Wisconsin to Wausau. While passing through a town, Ed Stone, the routes operator. The reflection reminded him of a dog, and he adopted that name for that segment of the Blue Goose Lines. The Greyhound name became popular and later applied to the bus network. Stone later became General Sales Manager of Yellow Truck and Coach, a division of General Motors, Wickman, as the president of the company, continued to expand it so that by 1927, his buses were making transcontinental trips from California to New York. In 1928, Greyhound had an annual income of $6 million. In 1929, Greyhound acquired additional interests in Southland Transportation Company, the Gray Line, Greyhound also acquired an interest in Northland Transportation Company, and renamed it Northland Greyhound Lines. By 1930 more than 100 bus lines had been consolidated into what was called the Motor Transit Company, recognizing that the company needed a more memorable name, the partners of the Motor Transit Company decided to rename it after the Greyhound marketing phrase used by earlier bus lines. Wickmans business suffered during the Great Depression, and by 1931 was over $1 million in debt, as the 1930s progressed and the economy improved, the Greyhound Corporation began to prosper again

14.
Marin Transit
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Marin Transit is a public bus agency in Marin County, California, in the United States. Originally formed in 1964 as Marin County Transit District, Marin Transit was re-branded on 30 July 2007 and now provides a variety of fixed-route and demand-response services using 4 contractors. Marin Transit was formed by a vote of the people of Marin County in 1964 and was given the responsibility for providing local service within Marin County. It has since played a key role in providing local service within the county through various funding sources. For a history of Marin Transit service in relation to Golden Gate Transit, Marin Transit serves all major cities, towns, and communities within Marin County except Muir Beach, Nicasio, and Peacock Gap. Route information listed below is current as of 12 June 2016, see Golden Gate Transit for information on Regional and Commute bus routes serving Marin County, which have no affiliation with Marin Transit. Note, Italicized locations are served on select trips only, west Marin Stagecoach routes do not operate on Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Years Day. Supplemental routes operate on school days only, Marin Transit provides two services that do not operate on fixed routes. The Novato Dial-a-Ride provides curb-to-curb demand-response service within the City of Novato by reservation only, reservations for weekday service are allowed up to seven days in advance, with same-day service available as space permits. Only same-day reservations are permitted for weekend service, no service is provided on holidays. Complementary paratransit service mandated by the Americans with Disabilities Act is operated within Marin County using the Marin Access name, service is available to eligible passengers by advance reservation. All Marin Transit fares, except the 6-month and yearly passes, are also valid on Golden Gate Transit bus routes within Marin County. The Muir Woods Shuttle has special fares, which are described below, note, Clipper is not available on the Muir Woods Shuttle. The fares and payment policy on the Muir Woods Shuttle differ from other Marin Transit routes, the adult round-trip fare is $5.00 and is collected at the Muir Woods Visitor Center in addition to the park entrance fee. A receipt must be shown upon boarding the bus for the return trip, the Marin Access fare is $2.00 or $2.50, depending upon the origin and destination of the trip. Youth Passes are available to youths ages 5 through 18, the pass allows unlimited rides on any Marin Transit route. However, unlike other Marin Transit fare media, the passes are not valid on any Golden Gate Transit bus routes, Golden Gate Transit San Rafael Transit Center

15.
Petaluma Transit
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Petaluma Transit is the public bus service in the city of Petaluma, Sonoma County, California. The system connects with several Sonoma County Transit routes for travel within the county. Hours of operation are Monday through Friday between 6,20 a. m. and 6,15 p. m. and on Saturday from 7,20 a. m. to 5,45 p. m. with no evening or Sunday, service. Saturday service is provided on some holidays, Petaluma Paratransit provides ADA-mandated paratransit for eligible persons within Petaluma City Limits. Petaluma Paratransit is the arm of Petaluma Transit, providing transportation for ADA-eligible persons in the city. Trips can be reserved for travel Monday through Friday,6, 20am to 6, 15pm, trips must be reserved at least one day in advance. Patrons must be registered with Petaluma Paratransit prior to booking trips. For all regular Petaluma Transit routes, Adult fare, $1.25 Student fare, $1.00 Senior /Disabled fare, $0.50 Two children, five years or younger, transfer must be used within one hour. Golden Gate Transit, From GGT, Petaluma Transit accepts GGT transfers for a local fare credit. To GGT, Accepts Petaluma Transit transfers for a $1.00 fare credit for adults for continuing travel on GGT, surrender the transfer to the bus operator to receive the appropriate credit. Sonoma County Transit, From SCT, Petaluma Transit accepts SCT transfers for $0.10 credit, to SCT, Accepts Petaluma Transit transfers for a first zone fare credit. Petaluma Paratransit also offers a Rider Card for $27.00, Petaluma Transit Information from Transit.511. org Petaluma Transit routes and descriptions Copeland Street Transit Mall

16.
Santa Rosa CityBus
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Santa Rosa CityBus is a public transportation agency providing bus service in the northern California city of Santa Rosa. It provides service for over 2.8 million passenger trips annually, a total of 18 routes are operated by Santa Rosa CityBus, most of them operating in loops. Note that streets and areas indicated in italics means that the area is served by a one-way loop, note, Routes 1 and 15 do not operate on Sundays. In May 2000, the city opened the Westside Transfer Center as a transfer point, where Routes 3,6. There are also several transfer centers within the city, including, Northside Transfer Center - at Range Avenue & Steele Lane, Transfer point for Routes 10,11,15, and 17 Eastside Transfer Center - at Sonoma Avenue & Farmers Lane, across Montgomery Village. Transfer point for Routes 2,4,7,8, eligibility requirements require the passengers disability prevents him/her from using fixed route transit. MV Transportation is the contractor of all services in Santa Rosa. One of CityBus routes, Route 16, picks up Oakmont residents who are ADA Paratransit Certified at their homes for free to take them to and it also lets residents to get a ride home for free as well. However, as the bus travels along its route, it simply makes small detours to pick up ADA Paratransit Certified Oakmont residents at their homes. Reservations are accepted up to seven days in advance or between 8,00 and 10,00 a. m. on the day as the ride. Reservations are scheduled on a first-come, first-served basis, official website Complete schedule and map List of Santa Rosa CityBus routes and descriptions

17.
Sonoma County Transit
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Sonoma County Transit is a public transportation system based in Sonoma County, California. SCT operates a number of routes as either local or inter-community routes, a place indicated in italics means that the area is not served by all trips of a route. Notes, Routes that have no lower supplemental text operate daily, commuter Services SCT fares vary according to the length of a patrons trip. The transit system is divided into zones, wherein the fare depends upon the number of zones traveled. Notes, Student fare is applied to anyone 18 years or younger or pursuing an education on a full-time basis, a valid I. D. current class schedule, or student activities card must be shown by the driver to pay student fare. Half-fare is applied to seniors over 60 years old or persons with disabilities, proofs of identity that may be shown to pay half-fare include any proof of age, Medicare Card, documentation for a DMV placard, or a Regional Transit Connection Discount Card*. SCT offers various passes that can be used for all services, notes, Although the MonthlyPASS and the 31-DayPASS are valid for one month, there are certain differences between the two. The MonthlyPASS is a pass good for the calendar month for which it is issued. The MonthlyPASS is nontransferable, and it is to be used only by the person for whom it was purchased. The 31-DayPASS is valid for 31 days from the date of first use, the 20-Ride CountywidePASS is a convenient 20-ride pass that eliminates the need to have the exact change for bus fare. The FastPASS is not discounted, however, it has the value as paying cash fare. There is no date for this PASS, and it is good on any Sonoma County Transit route for the number of zones purchased. During the summer, SCT offers a Cruisin Pass that allows unlimited rides to patrons 18 years old and younger for $23. SCT provides free transfers to passengers after paying a fare for the number of zones intended to travel. Prices for Additional Zones, Adults, $0.55 Students, $0.50 Half-fare, $0.25 Transferring from Santa Rosa CityBus, Petaluma Transit, valid transfers from all other systems are worth $0.25 of the total fare. Customers transferring from Sonoma County Transit to Golden Gate Transit will receive a $1.00 fare credit for adults for continuing travel on GGT, hand the SCT transfer to the bus operator to receive the appropriate credit. SCT also has agreements with Healdsburg Transit aside from the three transit agencies mentioned above. Sonoma County Paratransit is designed to serve the needs of individuals with disabilities within Sonoma County and it adheres to ADA standards to serve areas within 3/4 of a mile from any public fixed-route service

18.
Northwestern Pacific Railroad
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The Northwestern Pacific Railroad is a regional railroad that serves the North Coast of California. Its main line is 271 miles long and runs between Schellville and Eureka, an additional portion of the line runs from the Ignacio Wye to the edge of San Rafael. Currently, only the 62 mi stretch between Schellville and Windsor is in operation with freight and SMART commuter trains, the portion of the NWP main line between the Ignacio Wye in Marin County and the depot in Healdsburg is owned by Sonoma-Marin Area Rail Transit, a commuter railroad. The Schellville–Ignacio and Healdsburg–Eureka portions are owned by the North Coast Railroad Authority, private contractor NWPco operates freight service under NCRA lease. In the late 1800s both the Southern Pacific Railroad and the Santa Fe Railroad had great interests in building lines north from San Francisco to Humboldt County to transport logs south. Construction was finally completed through the unstable Eel River canyon in October 1914 when a golden spike ceremony, the Southern Pacific Railroad controlled the southern end of the line from Willits south to Marin and Schellville, while the AT&SF controlled the northern end from Willits to Eureka. There were also dozens of miles of narrow gauge trackage in Marin, the railroad service became popular, a 1911 daily NWP timetable shows 10 passenger trains each way, plus dozens of freights. In 1929 the AT&SF sold its half-interest to the Southern Pacific, with the onset of World War II, freight shipments rose while passenger service stayed roughly the same. Freight service on the NWP picked up again in the 1950s as a large increase in the demand for lumber came about due to the post-war housing boom. Branch lines were dismantled during the 1930s, the Sebastopol branch became redundant following purchase of the Petaluma and Santa Rosa Railroad in 1932, and California State Route 12 adopted the former alignment between Leddy and Sebastopol. The Trinidad extension reverted to a line after NWP service ended in 1933. Sonoma Countys River Road adopted the former alignment of the Guerneville branch from Fulton to Duncans Mills after rails were removed in 1935, during March,1958, with the exception of the tri-weekly Willits-Eureka Budd Rail Diesel Car passenger service, all mainline passenger service was discontinued. The Budd car made its last run in 1969, freight traffic remained high until the 1970s. The train might pick up a car of butter from Fernbridge and more lumber cars from Fortuna. More lumber cars might be added at Alderpoint during the long, a second crew took over at Willits, where more cars from the California Western typically swelled the train to approximately one hundred cars. Five miles of 2.25 percent grade from Willits to Ridge originally required helpers, the remaining trip down the Russian River to Schellville included a meal stop for the crew at Geyserville. Remaining traffic revenues were insufficient for track maintenance through the Eel River Canyon, in September 1983, the SP announced that it was shutting down the maintenance-intensive NWP line north of Willits. This led to a court battle since the SP did not properly notify the Interstate Commerce Commission of their intent to abandon the line

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North Pacific Coast Railroad
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The NPC operated in the northern California counties of Marin and Sonoma that carried redwood lumber, local dairy and agricultural products, express and passengers. The NPC operated almost 93 mi of track extended from a pier at Sausalito and operated northwest to Duncans Mills. The NPC became the North Shore Railroad on March 7,1902, in 1907 the North Shore Railroad became part of the Northwestern Pacific Railroad. All of the NPC trackage has been abandoned either by the NPC or the NWP, a flatcar, North Shore 1725, has been restored as a picnic car and operates at the Society for the Preservation of Carter Railroad Resources Railroad Museum at Ardenwood in Fremont. Pioneers in the railroad business. The southern 23 miles of line were modernized to allow operation of standard gauge passenger cars in addition to narrow gauge steam powered freight trains. Electric cars sometimes shared dual gauge tracks with the steam trains, the line was ultimately double tracked from Sausalito to San Anselmo except for the tunnel at Alto. A power house was built at Alto and power was purchased at San Rafael. Direct current electrical power was transmitted to the trains at 600 volts by a third rail Service started to Mill Valley on August 20,1903 and it was the first United States steam railroad electrified for operational efficiency rather than smoke abatement. The railroad established practices later used in Grand Central Terminal and the subways of New York City. The electric lines were expanded after 1907 as part of the Northwestern Pacific Railroad, demoro, Harre W. Electric Railway Pioneer, Commuting on the Northwestern Pacific, 1903-1941. The Birth of California Narrow Gauge, cS1 maint, Multiple names, authors list Stindt, Fred. The Northwestern Pacific Railroad, Redwood Empire Route, cS1 maint, Multiple names, authors list Sievers, Wald & Stindt, Fred. PacificNG. com, North Pacific Coast Railroad Society for the Preservation of Carter Railroad Resources, Flatcar NS1725

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San Francisco and North Pacific Railroad
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San Francisco and North Pacific Railroad provided the first extensive standard gauge rail service to Sonoma County and became the southern end of the regional Northwestern Pacific Railroad. Petaluma and Haystack coaches were pulled by horses after the locomotive exploded on 27 August 1866, service was extended north to Santa Rosa in 1870, and Cloverdale in 1872. The Fulton and Guerneville Railroad was formed in 1874 to build a SF&NP branch from Fulton to Guerneville on the Russian River, the branch was completed in 1877. In 1879, the SF&NP was extended south through Petaluma to San Rafael in Marin County, the San Francisco and San Rafael Railroad was formed in 1882 to extend the SF&NP south another 3 miles to a new ferry landing in Tiburon. SF&NP ferry terminal facilities were moved to Tiburon in 1884, the Cloverdale and Ukiah Railroad was formed in 1886 to extend the SF&NP north to Ukiah in Mendocino County. Service began to Ukiah in 1889, the Santa Rosa, Sebastopol and Green Valley Railroad was formed in 1889 to build a SF&NP branch from Santa Rosa to Sebastopol. The branch was completed in 1890, the California Northwestern Railway Company was formed in 1898 as part of Southern Pacific Railroad ambitions to reach the redwood lumber mills around Humboldt Bay. SF&NP struggled through the panic of 1893, and was leased by the California Northwestern in 1898, California Northwestern oversaw eastward connections to the Southern Pacific Railroad and northward extension to Willits before merger into the Northwestern Pacific Railroad in 1907. The Northwestern Pacific Railroad Redwood Empire Route, the Northwestern Pacific Railroad Volume Two

21.
California Park, California
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California Park is an unincorporated community in Marin County, California, United States, and a suburb of San Rafael. It lies north of San Quentin State Prison, Marin Sanitary Service is the largest tenant in the area. The community is in ZIP code 94901 and area codes 415 and 628, the Cal Park Hill Tunnel runs for 1,106 feet through the hill to Larkspur. It opened in 1884 and was a train tunnel owned by Northwestern Pacific Railroad. Train service stopped in the 1960s and it is now owned by Sonoma-Marin Area Rail Transit. After a $27 million project, jointly funded by SMART and Marin County, half of the tunnel reopened in December 10,2010 as a bicycle and pedestrian path. Sonoma-Marin Area Rail Transit plans to use the half to extend their planned commuter rail line from downtown San Rafael to the Larkspur ferry terminal. Marin Bike Coalition letter to SMART board SMART homepage

22.
Nippon Sharyo DMU
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It has been ordered by Sonoma-Marin Area Rail Transit in Sonoma and Marin Counties, California, and by Metrolinx for the Union Pearson Express airport link in Toronto, Ontario. The vehicles are designed to be convertible to electric multiple unit operation, each Nippon Sharyo DMU is powered by one Cummins QSK19-R diesel engine with hydraulic transmission and regenerative braking, and meets US EPA Tier 4 emission standards. Braking energy is converted into electricity by the power generator. The Sonoma Marin Area Rail Transit ordered 14 cars in December 2010, half of the cars were ordered as A-car and the remaining as B-car. In June 2015 SMART received a grant from California State Transportation Agency to purchase 3 C-cars and these would have allowed SMART to use 3 train sets with a third car in the middle. The first cars, numbered 101 and 102, were delivered to SMART in April 2015, the final cars from the original order, numbered 113 and 114, arrived in December 2015. Seven trains comprise the fleet of Union Pearson Express, grouped into 4 three-car and 3 two-car train sets, Union Pearson Express units feature enclosed overhead luggage bins as required by Transport Canada, and an enhanced enclosed luggage tower. The first cars were delivered to UP Express in August 2014, all 18 cars ordered were delivered and entered service by June 2015. TriMet considered ordering a two-car train for its Westside Express Service to supplement its fleet of Colorado Railcar DMUs, MBTA also purchased an 18-car option from SMART for its proposed Indigo Line service. A July 2016 fire aboard one of Torontos units revealed a design flaw in the Cummins engines crankshaft. This delayed the beginning of SMART revenue service until their engines could be serviced to correct the problem

23.
Clipper card
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The Clipper card is a reloadable contactless smart card used for electronic transit fare payment in the San Francisco Bay Area. First introduced as TransLink in 2002 by the Metropolitan Transportation Commission as a pilot program, in 1993, Bay Area Rapid Transit and County Connection launched a pilot program named Translink that allowed the use of a single fare card between the two systems. The card, which used magnetic stripe technology, was envisioned to one day include all Bay Area transit agencies, however, due to technical problems, the program was abandoned two years later. Translink had a capital cost of $4 million when undertaken in 1993. In its current form, first as TransLink and later as Clipper, cost estimates have since increased, the projected 25-year capital and operations costs are now estimated at $338 million. Scheduled implementation delays have added up to more than a decade, in 1998, MTC envisioned full availability of TransLink by 2001. However, it was operational for only five transit agencies by 2009. As of December 2011, Clipper was only accepted by eight of the Bay Areas transit agencies, Clipper was developed by Australian-based ERG Group and Motorola under the ERG-Motorola alliance in April 1999. However, upon the launch of Clipper, Cubic Transportation Systems has taken over administration of distribution, customer service, full implementation of Clipper has been far slower than that of similar contactless smart cards, including the Oyster card and SmarTrip, chiefly due to bureaucratic difficulties. In October 2010, the MTC selected 路路通 as the official Chinese name for Clipper, obtaining a card was free from introduction in June 2010 to encourage users to adopt the card, until September 1,2012 when new adult cards began to cost $3. This charge covers the approximately $2 per card to manufacture and reduces the incentive to throw away the card if the value goes negative when fare is calculated on exit, the $3 fee is waived if the card is registered to auto-load more value. Passengers can add money to their Clipper cards in person at work, automatically, while the money is added immediately in person, it will take 3–5 days before it registers on the Clipper card if added by telephone or online. A number of regional transit agencies have not yet joined Clipper, including ACE. Clipper utilizes a NXP Semiconductors MIFARE DESFire integrated circuit to manufacture the card, the card operates on the 13.56 MHz range putting it into the Near Field Communication category. Because the card uses NFC technology, any NFC-enabled device can read the number, travel history. However, data cannot be written to the card without the proper encryption key, the former Translink cards, while still functional on the fare system readers, do not conform to MIFARE and are unreadable by 13.56 MHz readers. Because Clipper operates in multiple areas with sporadic or non-existent internet access. To accomplish this, the Clipper card memory keeps track of balance on the card, fares paid, and trip history

A train station, railway station, railroad station, or depot (see below) is a railway facility or area where trains …

Opened in 2006, Berlin Hauptbahnhof is a large station at the crossing point of two major railways and features modern, abstract architecture. Berlin had a ring of terminus stations, similar to London and Paris, however they were gradually replaced with through stations from 1882 to 1952.

Broad Green station, Liverpool, shown in 1962, opened in 1830, is the oldest station site in the world still in use as a passenger station.

Opened in 1830 and reached through a tunnel, Liverpool's Crown Street railway station was the first ever railway terminus. The station was demolished after only six years, being replaced by Lime Street Station in the city centre. The tunnel still exists.