Permanent (this is the value of the short-circuit current in steady state).

The short-circuit current is calculated in the same way as for transformers but the different states must be taken account of.

Short-circuit current – three characteristic periods

The short-circuit current is given by the following equation:

Isc = Ir / Xsc

Xsc – Short-circuit reactance c/c

The most common values for a synchronous generator are:

State

Subtransient X”d

Transient X’d

Permanent Xd

Xsc

10 – 20%

15 – 25%

200 – 350%

Example

Calculation method for an alternator or a synchronous motor.

Alternator 15 MVA

Voltage U = 10 kV

X’d = 20%

All electrical installations have to be protected against short-circuits, without exception, whenever there is an electrical discontinuity; which more generally corresponds to a change in conductor cross-section.

The short-circuit current shall be calculated at each stage in the installation for the various configurations that are possible within the network, in order to determine the characteristics of the equipment that has to withstand or break this fault current.

Reference: Medium voltage design guide – Schneider Electric

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Edvard Csanyi

Edvard - Electrical engineer, programmer and founder of EEP. Highly specialized for design of LV/MV switchgears and LV high power busbar trunking (<6300A) in power substations, commercial buildings and industry fascilities. Professional in AutoCAD programming. Present on Google+

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