Everyone Forgets Memory

What did your customer remember after using your product? Will they share their memories with others? Designing great products for people means ensuring three kinds of memorable moments to happen.

Do your users remember your product or service? What do they think of when they do? How long are those memories of your product or service going to last? Are these people likely to remain as loyal customers?

These questions of user memory matter as much as questions of user experience. The goal is to build long-term relationships with people who love your product, yet product designers spend a disproportionate amount of time focusing on fleeting moments of present experience without considering which ones will have the greatest impact that stands the test of time.

When you consider that most of your users will remember just a few moments from their initial experience with a product, you can see the scale of the opportunity for focusing on the craft of designing and engineering for memorable moments. These memories determine how users think about the products they've used, what they'll tell other people about those products, and how they'll recall the products in the future when thinking about using the products again. Let's take a closer look at how people remember.

Right Brain is Right Now

Meet a user's right brain. It's the brain that interacts with a product right now, and again now, and once again just now. The right brain is actively experiencing the present moment, taking in all sorts of sensory input together, moving through the product in moments that last for one, two, or three seconds each. It thinks in pictures and acts on intuition and drives moment-by-moment decisions.

The right brain is a crucial part in creating memorable moments. The peak experiences of the right brain will travel over to left brain through a right-to-left handoff. The left brain will organize these peak experiences into a potential memory.

Left Brain Takes the Leftovers

Here's a user's left brain. It's taking the handoff from right brain one item at a time, nice and neat. It approaches things methodically, is all about the past and the future, and loves arranging things into patterns. It thinks in words and rationalizes the decisions the right brain wants to make.

The tool chest of UX design mostly focuses on analytical means of helping the left side of the brain do what it wants (information architecture, design patterns, analytics, etc.). But we tend to neglect the left brain's craving for memorable moments.

The remembering left brain holds onto memorable transitions and peak moments. It's heavily influenced by the way things end. Behavioral economist Daniel Kahnmann argues that endings are one very important element we don't attend to nearly enough. They can ruin an entire experience or save a bad experience by adding a positive spin to the end.

Turn Experience Into Memory

Kahnmann's work, and research in the field and behavioral economics generally, show that there are three kinds of experience capable of turning the immediate, present experience (experience-in-the-moment) into a potent memory. These three types of experience provide a framework for the design and engineering of more memorable products.

1. Transitions

Giving users one sensation and then transitioning to another causes them to experience change. Providing a visceral effect that signals one thing ending and another beginning you help natural left- and right-brain triggers to fire and a memory to form.

Face Time on iPhone: That initial call transition to the high quality video of the person on the other side is extremely memorable. This is something you’ll be mentioning to your coworkers the next day.

Google Maps: Remember the first time you entered your address into Google Maps and clicked "Street View"? That transition from a 2D map to a 3D video like image of your house is forever ingrained in your mind now.

Photoshop: Think back to the very first time you Photoshoped yourself into a funny picture. Remember the transition from the original to the photoshoped image? People remember this moment so well that "photoshop" is now used as a verb in ordinary day to day conversations.

TurboTax: Remember how you put some numbers into a form and saw your tax return from the government jump up and go from red to green? That transition is how you remember this product.

Each of these interactions was memorable and reinforced the core value of each product. When was the last time you considered how specific changes and transitions in your product impact what people remember about it?

2. 'Wow' Moments

Thinking about 'wow' moments forces you to acknowledge that very little of what you create for a user will ever be remembered. They will, however, remember the peak experiences they have and refer back to them to sum up their feelings about your product. At the end of the day, when you strip away all the detail, what are the 'wow' moments you've left your users with?

Zappos: Ever order shoes at 6pm on Zappos.com thinking it'll take at least three days to get them and then actually get them the next day? Wow! Imaging how many people you'd tell about that experience.

Wii Controller: Remember the first time you played baseball on Nintendo Wii? How hard did you swing the controller? How many people did you tell about it? This is what you think about when try to remember the Wii.

TiVO: Remember fast forwarding through commercials for the first time on TiVO? Remember recording TV shows when you were away? How many times did you tell others about that?

Apple: Ever shake your iPod nano and notice that is changed to the next song in queue? Wow! You just unlocked a new feature. This makes you wonder what else this thing does which you don't know about. Each of these gives a user a story-worthy moment they are likely to pass along to friends and family and readily remember when deciding whether to return.

3. Endings

It's so easy to close a browser tab or window that we rarely think of the very last impression we leave users with once they're done with our site. But endings can be remarkable or disastrous. They can put a positive spin on an otherwise negative experience or take a good experience and ruin the whole thing.

Good ending: You setup a nice visual goal in Mint.com and end your session knowing that it's there and you can measure your progress against it. Later on when you meet your goal you get a nice "You have met your goal!" email with a great visual. You will surely remember these moments.

Bad ending: You setup a nice visual goal in Mint.com and never see any confirmations. It's hard to check your progress. You never get any confirmation that you have fulfilled your goal.

Good ending: You buy your airline ticket on Delta's website and get the itinerary right on your smartphone.

Bad ending: You are ready to buy your airline ticket on Delta's website. You fill out all the details and in the middle of the transaction you get a "Forbidden 404" error. You now don't know whether you were charged or not. You're lost.

Good ending: You ask a question on Yahoo! Answers, get quick answers and select the best answer as winner. At the end you are happy to get the information you needed.

Bad ending: After one week of asking your question on Yahoo! Answers you get very open-ended responses that don't answer your question. You probably won't be coming back to the site again.

Comments

October 28, 2010

I'm not sure about the Photoshop argument, it's a nice story but at the end Photoshop simply became the industry standard dominating the market and I'm pretty sure not because someone remembered his first touched up photos...(I don't!).

Btw, my iPod Nano comes up with a random song when i shake it instead of the next one...and that's actually quite annoying especially when you're listening to an audiobook and you accidentally hit something and the iPod thinks you shook it.

Your best bet to be remembered in a good way is quite simple - offer quality for value, easy as that. A little luck always helps though...

I'd like to hear/think more on the psychology behind reward for when the site is used as intended, or when a user would expect such a reward/notification of achievement (regarding the Mint.com example).

Steve, good question. There seem to be two levels of delight happening in that Mint.com goal example that might speak to your point.

One is that they following through on the feature's explicit promise in both the visualization of the goal and the initial followup email on that goal's progress. Our sense is user's would expect this. The service wins because many don't follow through as well.

Another is that they follow through thoroughly for people. Why are goals hard to achieve? Partly because it's difficult to stay focused and committed over time. This is where Mint does work for you. As time passes from the original event, each notification adds more unexpected delight.

Cool, this crosses a bit through service integrity (the 'Wow Moments') and user flow (which are never really separate anyway). I'd like to hear/think more on the psychology behind reward for when the site is used as intended, or when a user would expect such a reward/notification of achievement (regarding the Mint.com example).

An excellent article ! I believe nowadays people don't care about user satisfaction and actually they only care about money. They would be just fine to sell some random crap to a user and them shoot him dead.