Airbnb “purged” more than 1,000 listings from its site in order to rig a survey of its New York City hosts, according to a new report released on Wednesday.

The move came as the home-sharing tech company was facing intense criticism from New York authorities. The report is based on the data collected by Murray Cox, who runs a watchdog website Inside Airbnb, and Tom Slee. According to the report, the “purge” targeted entire-home listings, which allow Airbnb users to rent an entire apartment, from people with multiple properties on the service, a particular issue with New York authorities.

A report released by the New York state attorney general’s office in October 2014 said that about 72% of Airbnb’s listings potentially violated local laws, which mandate that short-term rentals have to be rented out for more than 30 days.

New York attorney general Eric Schneiderman has been closely monitoring the company amid concerns that it is impacting New York’s rental market.

“If this analysis is accurate, it appears that Airbnb is again trying to downplay the number of illegal apartment listings on its site. Just as it did in wiping 2,000 illegal listings after we confronted the company in 2014, Airbnb once again appears to have manipulated data to conceal illegal activity,” said Matt Mittenthal, spokesman for the attorney general.

“Airbnb continues to show a blatant disregard for New York laws designed to protect the rights of tenants and prevent the proliferation of illegal hotels. If Airbnb wants to live up to its promise to be a good corporate citizen, it will take responsibility for policing and preventing illegal activity on its site.”

The alleged purge occurred before 1 December when Airbnb released data on its New York City hosts. In its December report, Airbnb claimed that as of 17 November, 95% of its “entire home” hosts had only one listing. During the first half of November, entire-home listings by such hosts dropped from 19% to 10%.

“That claim was true for less than two weeks of the year,” claimed the report released on Wednesday.

“Airbnb’s one-time purge was a PR effort, and does not indicate a change of heart for the company. No similar event took place in other cities in North America or elsewhere,” wrote the report’s authors. “Contrary to Airbnb projections, levels of multiple-listing entire homes have already jumped back to 13% of the total, only two months after the purge.”

According to Airbnb, the number of hosts with one listing has remained basically unchanged since mid-November. On Monday 8 February, that number was 18,010 hosts, which is about 94% of New York hosts. In November, that number was 16,886 – or about 95% of hosts.

Aibnb entire-home listings in New York City. Photograph: Tom Slee and Murray Cox/How Airbnb's data hid the facts in New York City

An Airbnb spokesman pointed out that the last weekend of October is usually a busy time for Airbnb as many people visit New York City for Halloween and the New York City marathon. According to him, the busy weekend at the end of October could explain the drop in listings at the beginning of November.

When asked if the number of hosts with multiple listings was 19% in the months prior to November as suggested by Cox and Slee, the Airbnb spokesman declined to comment on the accuracy of that data.

“The facts are clear for all to see – the vast majority of our hosts are everyday people who have just one listing and share their space a few nights a month to help make ends meet. Airbnb is an open people-to-people platform where listings come on and go off throughout the year,” an Airbnb spokesperson said in a statement.

“We’ve also done significant work to educate our community about what is in the best interest of their city and we routinely review our listings to ensure guests are having the quality, local experience they expect and deserve.”

When Airbnb released its initial data in 2015, it said it was doing so to “help policymakers craft smart rules for home sharing”. One of the local politicians interested in the issue is New York City councilwoman Helen Rosenthal, who said she was surprised by the report.

“This analysis calls into question the overall accuracy of the data Airbnb provided and how genuine Airbnb is about the “community compact” they presented to NYC government officials and the media in December 2015,” Rosenthal said of Wednesday’s report. “It raises two further questions: one, are there other discrepancies in the data Airbnb provided to the public? Two, do these or other factual discrepancies exist in the offering documents Airbnb used to raise capital from investors?”

Liz Krueger, a New York state senator, was also skeptical of Aibnb’s 2015 promise to work with city officials.

“Mark Twain reminded us that there are three kinds of lies – lies, damned lies, and statistics – and Airbnb has certainly mastered the third kind. Far from being open and transparent, this report shows that Airbnb intentionally misled the press and elected officials in New York,” she said. “If Airbnb really wants to work with the community, they should cooperate with city enforcement officials and ensure their users obey the law.”

Airbnb insists that majority of its users are regular Americans, hoping tosupplement their income.

In response to the statements from local lawmakers, Airbnb spokesman said: “These accusations - from the same elected officials who called for there to be no illegal hotels on the platform and now want to fine middle class families $50,000 - are akin to asking someone to walk on water and then, when they do, fining them for not swimming.”