There are three basic elements of color, hue, lightness, and saturation.

The hue phase refers to the appearance of color, which is the name that distinguishes a color substance. Such as: red, yellow, blue and other mixed colors, (red + yellow = orange, blue + red = purple, etc.).

Brightness refers to the brightness of the color itself, and the entire process from white to gray to black in achromatic colors is lightness. So low-lightness color refers to dark colors, lightness colors are bright colors. In hue, yellow has the highest lightness and blue has the lowest lightness.

Chroma is the purity, concentration, or saturation of the color. The stronger the color, the higher the purity.