Origin: This area was part of Cumberland or the Society Land which had been set aside by the Masonian Proprietors for their own estates. When first settled in 1753 by the Lynde family, it was known as Lyndeborough Addition. The Monadnock hills cut residents off from Lyndeborough's church and school, so in 1791 they petitioned for the right to form their own town. The name was chosen to indicate the town's location on a level, fertile ground between the hills. Greenfield is the location of the Crotched Mountain Foundation, a rehabilitation center for handicapped children; the Crotched Mountain Ski Area; and Greenfield State Park, on Otter Lake.

Villages and Place Names: unknown

Population, Year of the First Census Taken: 934 residents in 1800

Population Trends: Population change for Greenfield totaled 939 over 54 years, from 538 in 1960 to 1,477 in 2014. The largest decennial percent change was a 55 percent increase between 1980 and 1990, preceeded by an eight percent decrease the previous decade. The 2014 Census estimate for Greenfield was 1,477 residents, which ranked 163rd among New Hampshire's incorporated cities and towns.

Population Density and Land Area, 2014 (US Census Bureau): 55.8 persons per square mile of land area. Greenfield contains 26.5 square miles of land area and 0.6 square miles of inland water area.

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