Believed that tradition and the past ancient times perfectly embodied the ethical principles on which a healthy society must be based. Also believed it to be a means of improving Chinese society.

What is the doctrine of the Five Constant Relationships? List them.

Grand harmony among human relationships. The health of one depends on the other. All relationships are intimately related. Summarized in the of Book of Mencius as consisting of "love between father and son, duty between ruler and subject, distinction between husband and wife, precedence of the old over the young, and faith between friends".