Training guided by pain threshold speed. Effects of a home-based program on claudication

Aim. To verify the effectiveness of a 120 day home-based program guided by the pain threshold speed (PTS).Methods. Twenty-nine patients with stable claudication were measured for ankle pressure (AP), ankle-brachial index (ABI), PTS, maximal speed (Smax) on treadmill. Daily walking sessions at a speed 20-30% below PTS were prescribed. Determination of the training speed was supervised and facilitated at home. The program included a daily record of exercise data and symptoms, an intermediate PTS re-evaluation to adjust the training speed, and the reassessment of all the parameters after 120 days.Results. Overall patients showed a reduction of systemic blood pressure (151.3±14.3 to 147.6±18.3 mmHg; 77.1 ±9.1 to 72.4±8, p=0.008) while AP did not. ABI increased from 0.65±0.13 to 0.71± 0.18 (p=0.01). PTS and Smax rose from 3.2±1.1 to 4.2±1.5 km/h (p=0.0001) and from 3.9±1.3 to 4.6±1.3 km/h (p=0.0001), respectively. According to their compliance, patients were divided into 3 groups: 1) trained (T, n=14): exercise at the prescribed speed, 2) free-walkers (FW, n=7): walking speed markedly below PTS and 3) untrained (U, n=8): incomplete program compliance. T group showed symptom reduction up to pain disappearance. The ABI change (0.72±0.09 to 0.82± 0.16, p<0.02) was correlated to AP increase (r= 0.879). PTS and Smax rose from 3.6±1.1 to 5.4±0.8 km/h (p<0.02) and from 4.7±1.2 to 5.7±0.7 (p<0.02), respectively. FW showed improvement of all parameters, and U a better walking efficiency.Conclusion. In patients with claudication, a low-cost home-based program driven by PTS allows dramatic improvements of functional parameters.