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lhe uarolma watchman vol xix.-third series salisbury n c thubsday february 23 1888 no 18 mini 111 nil and have them perfectly fittad with a good pair of spectacles \ am now 1 prepared to fit all cases of presbyopia far sight myopia near ight uid many ilillioult cases of defective vision i have now a complete line of first class lenses and guarantee a perfect fit or money refunded i have fitted many cases where i oth'.rs fail and guarantee my prices to be lower than can be had elsewhere / make no charge for examinations call and see me and go away seeing and rejoicing respectfully w h reisner leading jeweler 27 ly 3 .*---â– "- - - - - - "- â– â€” - ~~ " 'â– â– â€” ~- a home company a strong coipaiy seeking pi^s^^^^s prompt home patronaie m^s^mm^i mal)ie ! lital ! gents #" s;t)f t in all l'itioi towns and vvii.ua t without delar thenklurrl ihoceandciwa they obeolntcly restore prerantorelr waÂ»a-t of age its endeavour is to he noi only frank and tearless but popular thoroujjluy reliable and above all trust worthy hy/mtvtpv ias bepn instrumental in expos i lylulnljl ing numemua attempts to lstnch : enterprlsesof unsound character and its trenchant nnd fearless criticisms have prevented thousands hi readers throwing away their money , r lvyrfynn?vh tstheaiost desirablemedl ! lvlulnilil um for adverusements of all un dertakings of a tinaii truckers to send for their new seed catalogue for 1888 it contains descriptions of all new and desirable varieties of mi ill in $ 1 liilli 1 0 for the farm and garden that are adapted to the south grass & clover seeds a specialty catalogue mailed free send for rr commissioner's sale of real estate in pursuance of a judgment of the su perior court of rowan county 1 will sell at the court house door in the town of salisbury on monday the 2nd day 01 april 1888 at public auction to the highest bidder the following described valuable lands : three 3 town lots which arc describ ed by metes and bounds in a eer.ta.in deed from j c cowan and wife to ann mc xeely dated the mth day of september 1886 and registered in book i7 page 470 of the pubic registers oflice of ro w;in county terms of sale the purchaser to pay one-half cash and he balance in six months interest on deferred payment at 8 per cent kerr craige commissioner dated feb 9 188s lg:6w i stiff eiltiflai hus revolutionized illweillluh the world during the last half century not least among the wonders of inventive progress is a method and system of work that can be performed all over the country without separating the workers from their homes pay liberal any one can do the work cither sex young or old no special abil ity required capital not needed you are started free cut this out and return to us and we will send you free some thing of great value and importance to you that will start you in business which will bring you in more money right away than anything els in the world grand outfit free address true & co augusta maine the talk on tariff reduction in con gress is assuming a more strictly busi ness character than heretofore the question of secret senatorial sessions were discussed in the it s senate thursday last but without any definite rction thereott the coal strikers of pennsylvania â€” the masaes of them begin to realize the loss they nre sustaining by idleness and many of them are anxious to re i turn to work the hard weather in the west has made the wolves desperate they visited a pig pen near the city of st cloud minn and destroyed in one night about 2,000 lbs of live hogs the learned dr talmage is opposed to woman suffrage and pleads against it believing that its tendency will be to degrade woman and that it will not put a stop to the saloon business the throat affliction of the crown prince of germany has been the cause of much dissention among the distin guished physicians attending him when doctors differ who shall decide ? roman gladitators received some times as much as 3,000 per year ly the sale of the mixture of oil and sweat called strigamenta which was scraped from their bodies after their contests this mixture was made into pills which were sold as a tonic for endow ing strength and prolonging life it is announced that there is to be a cottou factory at king's mountain is there not just a little danger that the cotton factory business in the south may be overdone the present rate of projecting in this line continued for three or four years will put up a cot tou factory in almost every township in north carolina winston her growth the twin city daily reviews the growth of winston within the last seven years from which we glean the following : a cotton mill complete two large brick tobacco warehouses fifty-six stores most of them brick and some of them very handsome til teen tobacco factories two brick plan ing mills five hundred and twenty-five other buildings â€” in all a total of about 600 buildings worth 1,600,000 as verifying this the valuation of real and personal property in the two towns has increased from 1,853,593 to 3 2,55,749 lsarn to work the boys who early learn to work will make the men will rule the world a few years hence they may be poor with scarcely shoes to their feet or h its to their heads they may live on the plainest and cheapest food known to u.s but that amounts to nothing in the outcome if they have learned to work and save their earning an easier time for them is in the near future and they will turn out to be the men of substance of will and brain power who will shape the destiny of the country state and nation learn to work and make your business the siudy and care of your life and the reward will come without special seek ing habits of industry are things of growth like the fruit of trees small and worthless at first but by slow de grees they become valuable anil in the end bring plenty peace and happiness to those who have them vaiu are the hopes of those who expect success in life without earnest systematic and persistent toil either of body or mind wrecks of this class of boys and girls may be seen in almost every commu nity â€” worthless hulks clogging the wheels of industry and when gone missed as a blessing or relief to those on whom they leaned let girls as well as boys learn to do something by which in the end they can support themselves parents and friends pass away to the grave one by one then woe to those who depend on them if without the skill of training to sup port themselves parents who permit their children to grow up without habits of industry and without skill in some useful employment are inflicting upon them a curse which will follow them through life and which will de scend to children's children for several generations they leave a curse on the state which courts teachers preachers and time cannot ever wholly wipe out the n c agricultural experiment station what it has done is the pastâ€”what it proposes to do in the future the xort'i caruliaa agricultural ex periment station wes established by an act of geoeml assembly in 1877 just ten years ago which act the same time established n department of agriculture and of immigration and statistic the objects for which the establish ment of the experiment station were desired were two-fold : 1st to protect the farmers of the state from the fraudulent fertilizers then flooding the market to exercise a general control of the trade by a sys tem of inspecting all brands legally on sale in the state and by a chemical analysis of these samples to ascertain if their qualities were up to a certain guaranteed standard : 2nd to carry on experiments in the field in the language of the code oil the nutrition and growth of plants with a view to ascertain what fertilizers are best suited to the various crops of this state and whether other crops may not be advantageously grown on its soil as to whether the station has ful filled the requirements in respect to the first in the proper control of the fertilizer trade the following statement will show 1 prior to 1887 no less than 125 brands of fertilizers were sold in the state and of such a character that no confidence could be placed in them or their quailities a good fertiliser pro ducing excellent crops the first year might prove worthless the next the farmers had absolutely no redress on every hand fraudulent fertilizers were sold and no farmer could by any pos sible way tell whether three-fourths or nine-tenths was sand the people had lost all confidence in their sale and at the time of the establishment of the experiment station scarcely 40,000 tons were sold annually not from the fact that all fertilizers were made at home would that it could be so !) but owing to the entire loss of confidence everyone had in the trade what were the people to do â€” the use of fertilizers for plant food on most of our lands is as necessary to the growth of the crop as food is to a baby they must be used there is no help for it and yet the farmers of the year 1877 and before were paying millions of dollars annually for sand to haul on the soil in many instances already too sandy in fact a certain manufacturer sold many tons of a stuff containing com mon sand which he claimed was as good as ammonia and tiie tsii mers paid him 8 cents per pound for it because they had n > means for proving that it was valueless 2 after the law went into force 80 out of these 125 fertilizers were driven from the state and the remainder were greatly improved in quality and have continued to improve ever since the following ex tract from the station's report for 1886 will give to our farm ers some idea cf tli j improvement of the fertilizers sold the average per cent of available phosphoric acid has increased from 7.40 iu 1880 to 8.69 in 18s6 the average per cent of potash has in creased from 1.30 in 1880 to 2.30 in 1886 while the per cent of ammonia remains remarkably near one figure for all the years except 1883 when ammoniates were unusually scarce thus the valuation of the average fer tilizer using tin prices of 1880 for all analyses alike has with a few fluctua tions steadily climbed up from 21.04 per ten in 1880 to 24.52 per ton in 1885 and 823.44 in 1880 the most remarkable thing is that during this period 1880 to 1880 the actual cash pri es paid bv north carolina farmers for these fertilizers has decreased 25 per cent while the quality of grade has improved 14 percent this means that north carolina farmers could get in 1880 for three millions of dollars what they had to pay four millions for in 1880 yes and get an article one-seventh better than the 1880 article was 3 the station has endeavored to ex tend information on all ny.t'ers per taining to scientific agriculture by printing numerous publications over sixty separate reports pamphlets for mulas for composts tables of analyses of fertilizers c 120.000 of these publications have been distributed broadcast throughout the state and in addition the monthly bulletin has largelv increased this circulation the effect of these publications has been of the greatest service to the people of the state individually and collectively 4 by the station's urgent advice thousand of home-made composts have been made by farmeis in every section j of the state and the farmers have learnt that every pound of compost put up means so much money in their pockets to further aid in the work these composts have been when re j quested analyzed by the station over three hundred of these and oth^r home materials from waste product ha - e been examined and their value to the farmer shown 5 the phosphate beds of the state have been explored and mapped these beds though not uow worked on ac count of the existence of south caro lina rock of higher grade will un doubtcdly prove vuluubk in tv fn i ture and thus be very profitable to the stotc 0 th marls of tlio state have been attlmw and no ln>a than tliree htm ired beds analjied a stimulus has b>en given to use them which will prove sf incalculable value in material ly improving the soil 7 on recount of the proper control and regulation of the sale of fertilizers the acreage in cotton has been largely increased and the western limit of the cotton belt is now fifty miles farther westward than formerly tobacco has likewise increased in acreage now where soils are worth for tobacco grow ing 25 an acre then were worth less than 5 8 frauds iii the adulteration of fer tilizers have been discovered and slop ed in 1881 adulterated nitrate soda containing to per cent common salt was detected in 1s82 hair leather and horn were found mixed with am moniated fertilizers in 1883 adulter ated kainite and peruvian guano was exposed in these and other instances wore the farmers protected from vari ous frauds and swindles 9 a3 a further check upon the trade and in order to educate our farmers on this subject the experi ment station makes analyses of sam ples of fertilizers chemicals composts c for actual north carolina farm ers free of charge provided the sam ples are taken aud forwarded according to our directions 10 the station has stimulated home growth of industries in such a way that while in 1878 there were only one fer tilizer factory in the state now then are ten cotton seed oil mills have increased in number from none in 187s to ( j at present many waste products have been utilized in the manufacture of waste products for making standard fertilizers for example tobacco stems cotton seed meal refuse from fish fac tories q 1 1 when the coal exploration was made by the department of agricul ture in the deep river and dan river sections the stations analyzed for this survey all the samples of coal obtained and so largely aided in this work 12 hundreds of mineral waters have been examined and large numbers of ores identified and assured 13 seeds have been tested as to their purity and germinating qualities and several adulterations detected 14 investigations have been made in the growth of the sugar beet ami hundreds of analyses made from sam ples sent from every portion of the state 15 the station has made according to law all analyses for the state boaid of health such analyses embracing man hundreds of portable waters ar ticles of food supposed to be adulterated and similar other articles 16 the station has made an explo ration of the pyiite deposits investi gated eveiy bed of importance and analyzed samples of each these de posits will at some future time be used for the manufacture of sulphuric acid largely used in the manufacture of acid phosphates for this purpose native sulphur is now used every pound of which is brought from europe 4,000 miles away 17 the officers of the station have aided largely in the displays of the re sources of the state in beston in 1ss3 at our own exposition in 1884 in new orleans in 1885 these exhibits have done incalculable gwod in adver tising north carolina and her material resources 18 the station has always in the past and is to-day cheerfully and promptly attending to every request bv mail aud otherwise in advising as to the proper treatment for certain soils in giving a variety of formulas for composts suitable for each individ ual soil and in fact in answering among others all questions relating to scientific agriculture 19 the officers of the station have attended many farmers institutes and made addresses relative to topics of im portance to the farmers the money value of this work can aot be estimated as far as the fer tilizers alone are concerned the follow ing will give an estimate â€” on an aver age 250 fertilizers are analyzed every year a professional chemist charges for such work 25 for each analysis which would make 0,250 for the work on fertilizers alone every year besides the fertilizers there are analyzed several hundred other samples each year em bracing among others marls soils waters phosphates ores cotton seed products composts and agricultural products experimental work and now as to the other duty of the experiment station to ascertain by experimental work in the field the value of fertilizers on various crops and other investigations to aid directly the farmer in his labors not till the spring of 1ss0 did the board of agriculture see fit to estab lish a farm in conjunction with the work of the station and to carry out the provisions of the second part of the act true ex peri mental work should consist mainly in actual field trials to be supplemented by the results obtained ' in the laboratory one id necessary to the other as a man's right hand is to ' his lrft experimental work i:i the hvm should be combined with exf>ori mental work in the laboratory united they prove of the greatest benefit iu win^the^neral for wl eyÂ»ould be undertaken divided th-v are shorn f n , i , iv o f hr ,, val .. union ui " vit;iill y *>"<>* . th work at the fin s j nce itg tablwhdwnthaswn to a lar-e exten preparatory in its nature v and with the proper facilities the work can be made of the g^itert benefiho oar farmers i n its worki , should take the liveliest fet*rÂ»j 1 for them it was established and their benefit the work is carried on rhe experimental wdrk that it would be besi to undertake should il be considered entirely practical in character and such as wodd giv most immediate and beficial and n f 11 for the use of our fan it snoul include among others 1 the effect of fertilizer on vai soils and icropa rrried on in conjunc tion with the experiment stuion by individual i farmers throughoul the fctate with such a diversity oi and climate as we have this ii a neces sity to obtain results of value 2 a study of the cultivation uf our staple crops looking t the improve ment in the preseul system 3 the best treatment of worn out lands to render them productive 4 rbe best system for the rotation of crops and the effect of time for the planting of each 5 experiments relative to the feed ing value of the various forage crops and of the grasses now grown in the mate or can be grown and to instruct oar farmers in the value of the stand ard hays and grasses of the nutritive value of each and to determine from the analysis of the plants grown the proper ration for stork 6 investigation as to the growth ot other crops than those now planted to ascertain if more valuable crops could be substituted in part or in whole for ihose we now have such investigation might include urnon others the study of sorghum the growth of root-crops the growth of plants yielding fibre a study of the various grasses of value to ascer tain how far the new crop supersede the planting of cotton and other staple crops now soexhaustive to the soil 7 the construction of the silo and the preservation of green forage crops as ensilage and comparative value of the latter with forage in th dry state 8 digestion experiments with stock to ascertain practically the value of certain of our food stuffs 0 a study ot ti temperature of the soil to ascertain how far it affects the growth of the crop 10 investigation of th chemical constituents of the standard croira in the various stages of their growth and the growth of he mots of these crops as determined bv root washing the above list might be urgely in creased it is merely given to show in outline the work which is considered should be undertaken the results which have been accom plished by the experiment station in the past as well as what it prop es for the future is thus outlined can the people afford to let tli.s work droop or languish a work so fraught with good results ? il h battle dire loi the common people the class known as the common people have always been the stren th of any nation other classes be corrupted enfeebled and pass away but this class is the abiding strength of any nation so long as it remains industrious pure patriotic and true to itself the nation has been unconquera ble and from it have come those ho have raken the highest seatsin the business circles in the schools of learn ing in literature and science at the bar on the bench and in tli f hall of legislation the same thing the church the 111111 people have constituted the great inash of us members from them have come its greatest preachers professors and poets and the prayers of these their 1 lives active efforts and self-denial been the great instrumentalities em ployed by the king and head of th ; church for the establishment of jia kingdom on earth with ktoans and sighs and dizzied 1 he seeks the ooacfa ami down 1 nausea and fiuntuese in bis ri-e brow-racking paina assail him sick headache hut ere long < u . . .,-