Writ of 1219 to the Justices of the Eyre1. Major crimes, robbery, murder: prison2. Medium crimes: exile3. Lesser crimes: fines

At first a jury trial was voluntary --- "put himself on the
country"Prison forte et dure -- peine forte et dure

The transition from an indicting jury to a deciding jury was a very
slow one, and there was a fairly extended period in which judges were not bound by a
jury's verdict. The idea of an impartial jury only took root in the fifteenth
century.