Stages of the Transaction

Thinking about buying or selling a home? The Orlando Regional Realtor® Association compiled a list of 230 possible actions, research steps, procedures, processes, and review stages that a Realtor® may provide in a typical, successful residential real estate transaction.

As residential real estate transactions can vary, each action, step, or process may not be mandatory in every residential transaction. However, this list underscores the importance of having the help and guidance of a professional who understands the residential real estate sales process.

In addition to the above activities/services which may be performed by a Realtor® during a real estate transaction, today’s real estate market requires Realtors® to offer additional assistance when the transaction involves short sales, foreclosures, or bank-owned properties.

Also, during the marketing process, homeowners may be in need of property-management services which Realtors® also perform. Whether you are buying, selling, or in need of a property manager, we encourage you to discuss with your Realtor® in detail what additional services may be necessary for you to accomplish your objective.

Tasks a Realtor® May Handle For the Seller

Pre-listing Activities

1. Contact property owner(s) and make appointment with seller(s) for listing presentation.
2. Send seller(s) confirmation of listing appointment and call to confirm.
3. Review pre-appointment questions.
4. Research appropriate sampling of currently listed comparable properties (i.e., appropriate by property type, price range, and location).
5. Research trends and sales activity for an appropriate period (past three to six months is recommended) from MLS and public records databases.
6. Research "average days on market” for the property type, price range, and location.
7. Download and review property tax roll information.
8. Research property’s public record information for ownership and deed type.
9. Research property’s public record information for lot size and dimensions.
10. Research and verify legal description.
11. Research property’s land use coding and deed restrictions.
12. Research property’s current use and zoning.
13. Ascertain need for lead-based paint disclosure.
14. Prepare market analysis to establish broker opinion of value.
15. Prepare listing-presentation package with above materials.
16. Perform exterior "curb-appeal assessment” of subject property.
17. Verify public-school zoning and discuss with the seller(s) the impact of school districts on market value determination.
18. Review listing-appointment checklist to verify that all steps and actions have been completed.

Listing-appointment Presentation Activities

19. Review broker’s and company’s credentials and accomplishments in the market with seller(s).
20. Present company’s profile and position of "niche” in the marketplace.
21. Give seller(s) an overview and projections of current market conditions.
22. Present market analysis results to seller(s), including sold comparables, current listings, and expired.
23. Offer pricing strategy based on professional judgment and interpretation of current market conditions.
24. Discuss goals with seller(s) to market effectively.
25. Explain marketing power and benefits of the MLS.
26. Explain the different marketing options and their effectiveness.
27. Explain work the brokerage does "behind the scenes” and the broker’s availability on weekends.
28. Explain brokerages role in taking calls to screen for qualified buyers and to protect seller(s) from curiosity seekers.
29. Present and discuss strategic master marketing plan.
30. Review results of curb-appeal assessment with seller(s) and provide suggestions to improve sale-ability.
31. Research and verify city sewer/septic tank systems. Verify when property’s septic system was last pumped or inspected.
32. Well water: Confirm well status, depth, and output from third-party well report.
33. Natural gas: Research/verify the availability of natural gas and supplier’s name and phone number.
34. Verify security system, current term of service, and determine if it’s owned or leased.
35. Verify if seller(s) has transferable termite bond – obtain a copy of the terms and conditions of bond that may be available to buyer(s).
36. Discuss home-warranty program with homeowner.
37. Verify if property has rental units involved.
38. Make copies of all leases for retention in listing file.
39. Verify all rents and all deposits.
40. Assess interior décor and suggest changes.
41. Prepare net sheet for seller(s).
42. Review accuracy of current title information with sellers. (If possible, obtain copies of seller(s)’ deed, owner’s title insurance policy, and most-recent survey.)
43. Verify names of owner(s) as they appear in county’s public property records.
44. Verify with seller(s) if there are any outstanding or expired construction permits or if any changes have been made to the property since the seller(s) purchased the property.
45. Obtain copy of current Title Insurance Policy.
46. Complete listing contract and addenda (using names of seller(s) as they appear on deed or title policy). Obtain seller(s)’ signature(s) on the listing agreement and return a signed copy of the listing contract to the seller(s). (If property is jointly owned, all owners should sign listing agreement.)
47. Review with seller(s) the standard closing costs and pro-rations typical to the HUD statements.
48. Obtain seller(s)’ permission to use a lock box.
49. Measure interior room sizes.
50. Confirm lot size via owner’s copy of certified survey, if available.
51. Note any and all unrecorded property lines, agreements, and easements that are known to the seller if they are not otherwise noted.
52. Obtain house plans, if applicable and available.
53. Review house plans and make a copy.

Post-listing Activities

54. Compile and assemble formal file on property.
55. Obtain copy of subdivision plat/complex layout.
56. Verify with seller(s) if there are any outstanding or expired construction permits or if any changes have been made to the property since the seller(s) purchased the property.
57. Obtain copy of current title insurance policy.
58. Provide seller(s) with a copy of a blank sales contract to review in preparation of their receipt of an offer.
59. Inform tenants of listing and discuss how showings will be handled.
60. Arrange for installation of yard sign.
61. Have seller(s) complete the seller(s)’ disclosure form.

Listing Activities

62. Order plat map for retention in property’s listing file.
63. Prepare showing instructions for buyer(s)’ broker and agree on showing-time window with seller(s).
64. Install electronic lock box and program the lock box with agreed-upon showing-time windows.
65. Obtain current mortgage loan(s) information: companies and loan account numbers.
66. Verify current loan information with lender(s).
67. Identify homeowner association manager, if applicable.
68. Verify homeowner association fees and pending or unpaid assessments with homeowner association manager.
69. Research electricity availability and supplier’s name and phone number.
70. Prepare detailed list of property amenities and assess market impact.
71. Prepare detailed list of property’s "inclusions and conveyances with sale.”
72. Compile list of completed repairs and maintenance items.
73. Explain benefits of homeowner warranty to seller(s).
74. Assist sellers with completion and submission of homeowner-warranty application.
75. Place homeowner warranty in property file for conveyance at time of sale.
76. Make extra key for lockbox.
77. Place a copy of the seller(s)’ completed disclosure form in the property file.
78. Arrange for interior and exterior photos to be taken for MLS listing.
79. Arrange for creation of a virtual tour if one will be used in marketing the property.
80. Complete a new-listing checklist.
81. Enter listing into office records and/or create listing file.

114. Verify proper licensure of buyer’s broker and salesperson.
115. Obtain a signed and dated verification that escrow deposit was delivered to escrow agency.
116. Receive and review all offer to purchase contracts submitted by buyers or buyers’ brokers.
117. Evaluate offer(s) and prepare a "net sheet” on each offer, for the seller(s) to make comparisons.
118. Review offers with seller(s) and review merits and weaknesses of each component of each offer.
119. Contact buyers’ broker to review buyer(s)’ qualifications and discuss offer.
120. Provide seller(s)’ disclosure to buyer(s)’ broker or buyer upon request (prior to offer if possible).
121. Confirm buyer(s) is pre-approved by contacting lender.
122. Obtain a copy of the buyer(s)’ pre-approval letter from lender.
123. Negotiate all offers and counteroffers on seller(s)’ behalf.
124. Prepare and convey any counteroffers, acceptance, or amendments to buyer(s)’ broker.
125. When offer to purchase is accepted and signed by seller(s) ("contract”), deliver contract to selling/buyer(s)’ broker or if none, to buyer(s).
126. Verify contract is signed by all parties.
127. Provide copies of the contract and all addenda to closing attorney and the title company.
128. Record and promptly deposit buyer(s)’ earnest money with escrow agent.
129. Disseminate "under-contract showing restrictions” as seller(s) requests.
130. Deliver copies of signed contract to seller(s).
131. Provide copies of contract to lender.
132. Inform seller(s) how to handle additional offers to purchase submitted between effective date of contract and closing.
133. Change status in MLS to "sale pending”.
134. Update listing file to show "sale pending”.

Loan-process Activities

135. Contact buyer(s)’ lender weekly to verify processing is on track.
136. Follow buyer(s)’ loan processing through to the underwriter.
137. Relay final approval of buyer(s)’ loan application to seller(s).

Home-inspection Activities

138. Coordinate buyer(s)’ professional home and termite (WDO) inspections with seller(s).
139. If property is vacant, arrange for power and water to be turned on.
140. Review home inspector’s report and WDO report with seller(s) and discuss issues and options, if needed.
141. Enter home inspection WDO inspection completion into listing file.
142. Verify seller(s)’ compliance with home inspection report and WDO report repair requirements.
143. Recommend or assist seller(s) with identifying trustworthy contractors to perform any required repairs.
144. Obtain copies of repair bills showing seller(s) has made required repairs.
145. Coordinate entry into the property and buyer’s review of completed repairs, if needed.

150. Distribute signed contracts to all involved parties (buyer, seller(s), title company, lender, seller(s)/buyer(s) broker, closing agent) and provide contact information as needed.
151. Coordinate closing process with buyer(s)’ broker and lender.
152. Update closing forms and files.
153. Confirm location, date, and time where closing will be held and notify all parties.
154. Confirm with closing agent that all title problems have been resolved.
155. Confirm that the seller has the proper Power of Attorney or trust documents, as required.
156. Work with buyer(s)’ broker in scheduling and conducting buyer(s)’ final walk-through prior to closing.
157. Confirm with closing agent that all tax, HOA, utility, and other applicable pro-rations have been resolved.
158. Request final closing figures from closing agent.
159. Review closing figures on HUD statement with seller(s) to verify accuracy of preparation.
160. Forward verified closing figures to buyer(s)’ broker and confirm buyer(s)’ broker has received and reviewed closing figures.
161. Confirm buyer(s) and Buyer(s)’ broker has received title insurance commitment.
162. Provide homeowners warranty for availability at closing.
163. Recommend courtesy closing agent for absentee seller(s), as needed.
164. Review closing documents with seller(s) and their counsel.
165. Provide earnest money deposit check from escrow account to closing agent. If closing agent is holding escrow funds make sure it appears on the final HUD.
166. Coordinate this closing with seller(s)’ next purchase and resolve any timing problems, if applicable.
167. Confirm seller(s)’ net proceeds check at closing.

Tasks a Realtor® May Handle For the Buyer

Presentation Activities

1. Respond to prospective buyer(s) inquiries.
2. Interview the buyer(s) prospect and obtain buyer(s) personal information and explain the homebuying process.
3. Determine if REALTOR® has a conflicting brokerage relationship or other conflict of interest with the buyer(s).
4. Discuss the pre-approval financial process with the buyer(s).
5. Suggest at least three mortgage lenders to assist buyer(s) in becoming pre-approved.
6. Determine through discovery the buyer(s)’ preferences in a home as well as the location, price, size, type of home, special needs, and ADA accommodations etc.

Pre-contract Activities

7. Obtain and review pre-approval letter from lender.
8. Search the MLS for properties that meet the buyer(s)’ criteria.
9. Make appointments with seller(s) or seller(s)’ listing broker to show the properties selected by the buyer(s).
10. Show the buyer(s) their selected properties.

Offer and Contract Activities

11. Obtain a "good faith estimate” from the buyer(s)’ lender for the target purchase price and review with buyer(s).
12. Meet with buyer(s) to preview offer, contract form, addenda, and miscellaneous forms.
13. Complete offer to purchase and all addenda.
14. Provide seller(s)’ disclosure forms to buyer(s).
15. Submit offer to purchase signed by buyer(s) to seller(s)’ broker.
16. Provide credit report information to seller(s) if property will be seller-financed.
17. Provide buyer(s) a copy of all forms used in making the offer.
18. Negotiate all offers on buyer(s)’ behalf.
19. Prepare and convey any counteroffers, acceptance, or amendments to seller(s)’ broker.
20. Verify final offer is signed by all parties ("contract”), and that all necessary documents are attached.
21. Deliver fully signed and initialed contract to buyer.
22. Distribute signed contracts to all involved parties (buyer(s), seller(s), title company, lender, seller(s)/buyer(s) broker, and closing agent) and provide contact information as needed.
23. Record and promptly deposit buyer(s)’ earnest money in escrow account or deliver to closing agent and obtain a receipt.
24. Provide receipt of escrow deposit to seller(s)’ broker.
25. Place copies of signed contract in office file.
26. Inform buyer(s) of additional offers to purchase that are submitted between effective date of contract and closing.
27. Update listing file to show "sale pending.”

Home and Termite Inspection Activities

28. Provide buyer(s) with at least three home inspection companies and three WDO inspection companies from which to select.
29. Coordinate buyer(s)’ professional home and WDO inspection with seller(s)’ broker
30. Review home and WDO inspection reports with buyer.
31. Enter completion of home and WDO inspection reports into the listing file.
32. Order septic system, well, or mold inspections, if applicable.
33. Receive and review septic system, well, or mold reports with buyer(s) and note any possible impact on sale.
34. Provide copy of septic system, well and mold inspection reports, if any, to lender and seller(s).
35. Verify seller(s)’ compliance with all inspection repair requirements.

Tracking the Loan-process Activities

36. Coordinate with lender on discount points being locked in with dates.
37. Confirm verifications of deposit and buyer(s)’ employment have been returned.
38. Contact lender weekly to verify processing is on track.
39. Follow loan processing through to the underwriter.
40. Relay final approval of buyer(s)’ loan application to seller(s).

Appraisal Activities

41. Schedule appraisal with seller(s) or seller(s)’ broker.
42. Inform buyer(s) of options if appraisal report is different than the ontract/purchase price.
43. Provide comparable sales used in market pricing to appraiser.
44. Follow-up on appraisal until completed.
45. Enter completion into the listing file.

Closing-preparation Activities

46. Coordinate closing process with seller(s)’ broker, lender, and closing agent.
47. Update closing forms and files.
48. Verify all parties have all forms and information needed to close the sale.
49. Assist in obtaining power of attorney or trust documents, as required.
50. Work with seller(s)’ broker in scheduling and conducting buyer(s)’ final walk-through prior to closing.
51. Confirm buyer(s) has received title insurance commitment.
52. Confirm location, date, and time where closing will be held and notify all parties.
53. Confirm with closing agent that all tax, HOA, utility, and other applicable pro-rations have been resolved.
54. Request final closing figures from closing agent.
55. Review and verify closing figures on HUD statement with buyer(s).
56. Forward verified closing figures to seller(s)’ broker and confirm seller(s)’ broker has received and reviewed closing figures.
57. Verify that seller(s)’ broker has provided homeowners warranty, if purchased, at closing.
58. Forward closing documents to absentee buyer(s) as requested, if applicable.
59. Provide earnest money deposit check from escrow account to closing agent. If closing agent is holding escrow funds make sure it appears on the final HUD.
60. Confirm collected funds from buyer(s) are available for closing.
61. Explain filing for homestead exemption.
62. Verify transfer of all keys (house, mailbox, and HOA/community), garage- door openers, HOA/security/gate access codes, pool equipment, and appliance manuals.
63. Close out listing.

After-closing Activities

64. Assist with filing claims with homeowner’s warranty company, if requested.
65. Respond to any follow-up calls and provide any additional information required from office files.
66. Follow up with buyer(s).