Global warming is the gradual increase in the regular temperature happening in the earth’s troposphere. It is happening, as the levels of greenhouse gases are increasing. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) trap the heat whenever sunlight hits the earth. Both land and oceans in our planet are warmer over the past two centuries, and temperatures are still increasing. This continuous rise in the temperature of the planet is really alarming.

Recent observations regarding global warming have confirmed
that the greenhouse effect is really increasing due to anthropogenic
activities. The earth has encountered a major rise in surface temperature since
the previous 100 years. There has been a rise in the mean temperature of the Earth
by 0.8º C i.e. 1.44° F in contrast to the edge of the 19th century. Scientists
suppose a rise of between 1.5° and 5.3°C (2.7° to 9.54°F) in average
temperature by 2100. If we don’t take any action, it will have detrimental
effects on the people and the environment.

Causes of Global Warming:

1. Greenhouse Gases (GHGs): These gases comprise of water
vapors, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, nitrous oxides and chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs). Water vapor is naturally occurring, others, such as CFCs, are
synthetic. CO2 is released into the atmosphere from both natural and
anthropogenic causes and it has been increasing at a frightening rate.

2. Depletion of Ozone Layer: This occurs mostly because of the existence of CFCs. When UV light is there, the molecules of these gases break down into chlorine atoms which leads to ozone destruction

3. Burning of Fossil Fuels: As we burn coal, oil and natural
gas for electricity, heat, energy, and transportation; CO2 concentrates and
surpluses our atmosphere. Transportation in the form of cars, trucks, ships,
trains, and planes emits the largest percentage of CO2.

4. Over-exploitation of Natural Resources: It is elevating global warming as the over-consumption of natural resources leads to over-exploitation

5. Deforestation: As trees and all green plants inhale CO2
and exhale oxygen. Also, the already deposited carbon in the trees is
discharged when they are cut down or burnt.

6. Livestock: The most important GHGs that are harmful to
livestock are nitrous oxide and methane. Nitrous oxide originates from the
usage of fertilizers. And both methane and nitrous oxide are produced by
reserves of manure. Also, ruminant animals release great amounts of methane
through their digestive tract, and the process is called enteric fermentation.
Methane has 265 times more adverse effects than carbon dioxide, while nitrous
oxide is 28 times more toxic than the latter.

b. Rising Sea Level: Yes, rising sea-level is one of the
great impacts of global warming, due to melting glaciers and ice sheets.

c. Disintegrating Polar Ice and Vanishing Glaciers: Glaciers
are melting due to the warming climate. The snowpacks and polar ice are
disintegrating because of global warming.

d. Damage to Coral Reefs and Ocean Acidification: Higher
amounts of CO2 are causing extreme acidity in the oceans. As pH levels in the
ocean decline, shellfish have trouble reproducing, and a lot of the oceans’
food cycle has become disturbed. Also, due to the high concentration of CO2 and
ocean acidification, corals are endangered because it is harder for them to
make their calcium carbonate skeletons.

e. Shifting Species Ranges and Yearly Cycles: 80% and above
of species are shifting to higher altitudes and varying their yearly practices
because of global warming; this could lead to destructive ecological
alterations.

f. Diseases: Few diseases are the impacts of Global warming directly or indirectly.

Heat-associated sickness

Injuries and mortality from extreme weather

Asthma and cardiovascular illnesses from air pollution

Respiratory difficulties from more allergens

Ailments from bad water quality

What are the solutions:

While the effects of global warming can seem bleak and
disastrous, there is still hope. By taking immediate action to control global
warming, we may never see the worst consequences. Likewise, as the world adopts
cleaner, more sustainable energy solutions. Below are some practical ways we
can use to battle global warming, including:

Implement a system where polluters pay for the impact of their products – known as extended producer responsibility.

Ensure sustainable development

Summary

Article Name

Global Warming - Challenges and its probable solutions

Description

Global warming is the gradual increase in the regular temperature happening in the earth’s troposphere. It is happening, as the levels of greenhouse gases are increasing. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) trap the heat whenever sunlight hits the earth. Both land and oceans in our planet are warmer over the past two centuries, and temperatures are still increasing. This continuous rise in the temperature of the planet is really alarming.

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1 thought on “Global Warming – Challenges”

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