{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/4887283"], "description"=>"<div><p>Perceived age is a psychosocial factor that can influence both with whom and how we choose to interact socially. Though intuition tells us that a smile makes us look younger, surprisingly little empirical evidence exists to explain how age-irrelevant emotional expressions bias the subjective decision threshold for age. We examined the role that emotional expression plays in the process of judging one’s age from a face. College-aged participants were asked to sort the emotional and neutral expressions of male facial stimuli that had been morphed across eight age levels into categories of either “young” or “old.” Our results indicated that faces at the lower age levels were more likely to be categorized as old when they showed a sad facial expression compared to neutral expressions. Mirroring that, happy faces were more often judged as young at higher age levels than neutral faces. Our findings suggest that emotion interacts with age perception such that happy expression increases the threshold for an old decision, while sad expression decreases the threshold for an old decision in a young adult sample.</p></div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["threshold", "Age Perception Perceived age", "age levels", "expression"], "article_id"=>3142669, "categories"=>["Medicine", "Neuroscience", "Physiology", "Sociology", "Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified", "Developmental Biology", "Science Policy", "Mental Health"], "users"=>["Norah C. Hass", "Trent D. Weston", "Seung-Lark Lim"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0152093", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>2, "page_views"=>2, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/Be_Happy_Not_Sad_for_Your_Youth_The_Effect_of_Emotional_Expression_on_Age_Perception/3142669", "title"=>"Be Happy Not Sad for Your Youth: The Effect of Emotional Expression on Age Perception", "pos_in_sequence"=>1, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2016-03-30 08:17:24"}

{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/4887298"], "description"=>"<p><b>A. Experimental stimuli used for the age judgment task.</b> All facial stimuli were computer-generated and no actual faces were used in our study. The emotional expression (sad, neutral, or happy) and age of the facial stimulus were manipulated by using morphing software. Faces of all emotional expressions have eight equivalent age gradients ranging from 30 years old to 65 years old increasing by 5-year increments. <b>B. Sample screen of the young-old judgment task.</b> Participants were asked to make an age decision in two-alternative forced-choice (either young or old) procedures. The positions of young and old labels were counterbalanced across participants. <b>C. Psychometric curves (Naka-Rushton contrast response model).</b> X-axis represents stimulus intensity level and Y-axis represents response probability. In our experiments, the stimulus intensity represents the incremental increase of age of morphed faces (30 to 65 years old) and the response represents the proportion of old decisions in a forced two-alternative choice task. The <i>C</i><sub><i>50</i></sub> or <i>PSE</i> (Point of Subjective Equality) parameter indicates the perceptual decision threshold. A leftward shift of the psychometric curve (see arrow) would constitute evidence for a decreased perceptual threshold for condition 1 compared to condition 2.</p>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["threshold", "Age Perception Perceived age", "age levels", "expression"], "article_id"=>3142687, "categories"=>["Medicine", "Neuroscience", "Physiology", "Sociology", "Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified", "Developmental Biology", "Science Policy", "Mental Health"], "users"=>["Norah C. Hass", "Trent D. Weston", "Seung-Lark Lim"], "doi"=>"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0152093.g001", "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/Be_Happy_Not_Sad_for_Your_Youth_The_Effect_of_Emotional_Expression_on_Age_Perception_Fig_1/3142687", "title"=>"Be Happy Not Sad for Your Youth: The Effect of Emotional Expression on Age Perception - Fig 1", "pos_in_sequence"=>2, "defined_type"=>1, "published_date"=>"2016-03-30 08:17:24"}