Look for RJ45 color code a , b and standard make a ethernet crossover cable or a straight throught cable , RJ45 or Registered Jack 45 , is the one of the most popular component in computer and communication network. Anyone working in networking field came across this connector every now and then. Because of this connector different devices talk with each other.

RJ45 connector has a plastic body and inside it there are 8 conductor wires. This connector is used on both the ends of UTP cables. UTP cables having RJ45 at both end, is either a cross cable or straight through cable. There are 8 wires in every UTP cables, there is a pattern on how to place them in correct position in RJ45 connector to get desired functionality. This is achieved by following RJ45 color code scheme.

Color coding is a pattern that tells you how to place 8 UTP wires in RJ45 connector to get a working cable. There are two popular color coding standards TIA/EIA 568A and 568B. It's very important to get familiar with these two color code standards if you are working in networking field, as these color coding standards are used to make Straight Through and Crossover Cables.

We start the article by having a look at what TIA/EIA 568A & 568B color coding standards are and then we will see how this is used in making Straight Through and Cross Over Cable. These standards are used on Ethernet wires and can also be classified as Ethernet Color Code.

Following diagram illustrates T568A and T568B RJ45 color code standard. On left is 568B and on right is 568A color code standard. We look into each of this standard one by one.

RJ45 Color Code TIA/EIA 568A :

It is one the oldest color coding standard available these days but it's not widely used now a days. Introduced in mid 1980s, the color pattern in 568A standard is as follows

having getting familiarity with TIA/EIA 568Aand 568B its time to get how these two standards are used in straight through and crossover cable.

Crossover Cable Color Code :

Crossover cable is used to connect same type of networking devices. for example, they are used when connecting

Switch to Switch

Laptop to Laptop

Router to Router

Cross over cable can be made by using either 568A or 568B on one end of RJ45 connector while using opposite color coding at the other end. This means

If on one end we are using 568A, other end must uses 568B.

If on one end we are using 568B, other end must uses 568A

Following is an example of cross over cable. We can see that left side connector is using 568B while other end is using 568A. To summarize, both end of UTP cable should have opposite color coding standard.

There is a logic behind changing wire combination at 1,2,3 and 6 at both ends. We can see that wire 1 and 2 on left are terminating at 3 and 6 on the right, while 3 and 6 on left are going on 1 and 2 on right, rest combination at 4,5,7 and 8 are same at both ends. This is because crossover cable is used to connect different type of networking devices, so when device on left is sending at pin 1 and 2 its received at pin 3 and 6 on the right. Whereas pin 3 and 6 on left are receiving what devices on right is sending. Without this crossing of cable at both ends, communication between both different devices is not possible.

Straight Through Cable Color Coding:

Straight Through Cable is used to connect similar type of networking devices. You need this wire while you are connecting

Switch to Router

Router to Computer

Computer to switch

Following is a diagram that shows a Straight Through Cable that is using 568A color coding. It's difference from crossover cable is that, both end are following same type of color coding standard. Here both end of UTP cable has 568A color code standard.

Following is Straight Through Cable that is using 568B of Rj45 Color Coding standard. Both ends of this cable has 568B standard.

To summarize, if one end of UTP cable is using 568A color code standard than other end must also use 568A, same holds true for 568B.

Now that we have seen both 568A and 568B color code standard and how they used in making Straight Through or Crossover cable. We can see that both these standard have small difference only green and orange pairs are swapped while remaining combination remains unchanged.

Automatic Medium-Dependent Interface Crossover (Auto-MDIX)

It's important that if you are working in the field of computer networking then you must have knowledge about color code standards and which combination is used while making Straight Through or CrossOver Cable. It's also important to mention about Automatic Medium-Dependent Interface Crossover (Auto-MDIX) standard. Almost all networking devices available today supports Automatic Medium-Dependent Interface Crossover (Auto-MDIX) standard. The auto-MDIX standard has been devised so that devices can adjust automatically there sending and receiving pins, now devices by themselves can decide that which type of cable is used and adjust their sending and receiving parameter. Which means you can use straight through to connect same devices as well as different devices and same hold true to cross over cable.

So if you have only Straight Through Cable and you want to connect same type of devices like a switch to switch, you can connect them using Straight Through cable as both end of switches will adjust sending and receiving pins.

In this article I will explain Cat 5 Color Code order , Cat5 Wiring Diagram and step by step How to crimp cat5 ethernet cable standreds a , b crossover or straight throght
In order to use UTP(Unshielded Twisted Pair) cables you have to terminate both ends of cable across an RJ45 (Registered Jack 45) connector.

As there are 8 wires in every UTP cables, you have to follow color coding standard on where to place each wires at RJ 45 connector. If you are using UTP cat 5 cable than you have to follow cat5 color code in order to make a working cable.

There are two color code standards TIA/EIA 568A 568B for making a working network cable. These standards will help you understanding any Cat 5 Wiring Diagram. Following is diagram of 568A and 568B color code standard

These both standards are used in making cross over or straight cable. 568A was first color code standard introduced in mid of 1980 and is rarely used now a days. The second one is 568B, it's the most popular one and still in use. 568B is widely used in making straight trough cables by cable manufacturer.

In order to make crossover cable you have to keep one end of cable as 568A or 568B and second one the opposite to that. For instance, if you are using 568A on one end than second end must be 568B.

For straight through cable both end of cables must follow same standard. for instance if you are using 568A on one end than other end must also use 568B.

Once you know about these color code standards the next task is to get understanding of how to make a straight or

How to crimp cat5 ethernet cable with color code :

Following are steps on how to crimp a cat5 cable , or cat 5 color code.

Step 1
In order to get started, first thing you have to do is cut the outer jacket of UTP cable using either a stripper or crimping tool. You can cut as much you want but good practice is that jacket of cable should be inside the RJ45 connector.

Step 2
After removing the jacket you will get four pairs. You have to separate each wire for putting it into RJ45 connector. Depending upon the color coding you are using separate each pair, as shown in diagram below.

Step 4
One you have all your cables aligned, next thing you have to do is cut them from top. Make sure they all have same point of cutting as shown in figure so that they can fit well into the RJ45 connector.Step 5
After cutting your cables place your cables in your RJ45 connector make sure all 8 wires are well inside the connector.

Step 6
.After you placed cable in the RJ45 connector , place the RJ45 connector in the crimping tool and press it. Purpose of this is to make connection of UTP cables with RJ45 conductors. Make sure they both meet each other.

Step 7
After getting it done on both ends test your cable your cable tester. different cable tester have different ways of telling you have crimped the cable correctly. After getting green signal from cable tester you can use your cable

This article shows a Straight Through or straight Cable Color Code with Wiring Diagram , In computer networking field, Straight Through Cables are used to connect different networking devices with each other. You have to use a Straight Through Cable while connecting a

Router to Switch

PC to Switch

Majority of patch cables used in networking world these days are Straight Through Cables.
UTP (unshielded twisted pair) cables are used to make Straight Through Cables. Following is diagram of how UTP cable looks like

Both end of these UTP cables are truncated at RJ45 (Registered Jack 45) connector.
We can see from above diagram of UTP cables that there are eight small wires in it, these eight small wires are twisted in four pairs. Each pair has different color scheme. In traditional 10/100 Mbps networks only two pair of wires are used for sending and receiving, while in new gigabit standard all four pairs are used for data transmission.
To understand how these types of cables work, it's important to have sound understanding of Straight Cable Color Code.

Standards of Straight Cable color code :

There are two color coding standards for straight through cables, these are EIA/TIA 568A & 568B. These color coding standard tell which color is connected to which end. We now look at details of these wiring standards.

T568A Color coding Standard

This color coding standard is not widely used these days. Below is diagram of straight cable color coding based on 568A standard.

Next we illustrate sending and receiving pins in 568A color coding standard.

T568B Color coding Standard

This is the most widely used color coding standard of current era. Almost all Straight through cable these days are following T568B color coding standard. Below is straight through cable color code and wiring diagram that is using 568B standard.

Next we illustrate sending and receiving pins in 568B color coding standard

It's called straight through cable since all wires are connected at same pins on both sides of wires. You can see that in both figures of 568A as well as in 568B.
There is not much difference between 568A and 568B, you can see from above diagrams that only green and orange pairs are swapped, rest combination remains same.
An important point to remember is that whether you use 568A or 568B, make sure both ends of wire is following same standard. Which means if one end of wire has 568A standard, other end must also have 568A and vice versa.

Automatic Medium-Dependent Interface Crossover (Auto-MDIX)

Today's devices are getting intelligent, due to introduction of Auto-MDIX standard. With Auto-MDIX, devices can automatically adjust sending and receiving pins. So any wire can be used for connecting same or different devices.

look for a Crossover cable color code with wiring diagram for rj45 Crossover Cable or Cross Cable is type of Ethernet Cable that is used to connect similar type of networking devices, in contrast to Straight Through Cable which is used to connect different devices. For instance, you need cross cable if you are connecting

PC to PC

Switch to Switch

Router to Router

To understand Crossover Cable working, it's important to understand the crossover cable color code i.e. pattern in which wires are connected to RJ-45 connector. We start by looking at the diagram.

Crossover Cable Wiring Diagram

We can see in above diagram that left side is following 568B color coding and Right end is following 568A color coding.

Crossover Cable Color Code TIA 568B

Following Table illustrates TIA 568B color coding scheme which is applied on left end of cable in Crossover Cable Wiring Diagram.

To make a crossover cable one end of UTP cable has to follow either TIA 568 A or B Color coding, while other end must have different color coding. In short, both ends must have different color coding schemes. Use following guide lines while making cross cable.

If one end of cable has 568A color coding then other end must follow 568B color coding.

If one end of cable has 568B color coding then other end must follow 568A color coding.

This is different than straight through cable in which both end of cable must have same color coding standard at both end , look for a Straight cable color code .

Why to Use different oF crossover cable color coding

As in UTP there are eight wires twisted together in four pairs. In Fast Ethernet pin 1 and 2 of RJ-45 connector are reserved for transmission while pin 3 and 6 of RJ-45 connector are reserved for receiving. As pin 1 is transmitting so it cannot be connected to pin 1 at other end since that too is transmission mode. It follows that pin 1 should be connected to pin 3, which is in receiving mode.
To sum up pin 1 and 2 from device A are connected to pin 3and 6 of device B, while pin 3 and 6 of device A are connected to pin 1 and 2 of device B.
It's named crossover cable since wires are cross connected at both ends of RJ-45 connectors

Automatic Medium-Dependent Interface Crossover (Auto-MDIX)

It's important to have good understanding of color coding schemes in crossover and straight through cable but today almost all networking devices support Auto-MDIX, by which devices can automatically detect which cable is required and switch to it automatically. So if you are connecting similar devices and you only have straight through cable, you can use it.

What is GFCI Outlet ?

What is GFCI so it means “ground-fault circuit interrupter” which works mainly as to protect human or device also from connected to electric shock from electrical power. It is also called Residual Current Device (RCD) that shuts off an electrical power circuit detecting that undesirable path is following by electricity like through water or any living thing.

Also we have to define GFCI from NEC as “a device or instrument as shown below works for protection of any connected personnel which disturb the function of electricity to some circuit or another device”.

Purpose of GFCI :

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter GFCI is a device which secure person from electric shocks from faulty currents in the electrical devices we use in our daily lives. It works by comparing the input current on the ungrounded side (red-wire) to the output current on the neutral side (black-wire).

GFCI Outlet Wiring Diagram :

In the GFCI mainly two wires connect as also shown in a diagram, the current flowing from the source and coming back are some due to current laws. So GFCI designed as checking the difference between the current leaving and returning through current transformer of the GFCI to protect device exceeds 5mA. The wiring diagram also shown below as follow;

This shows 2-wire 14 gauge cable with grand wire having supply of power supply and connected GFCI. So, the solid-state-circuitry opens the switching contacts and de-energizes the circuitry as shown in the figure2 also. This will happens when GFCI is in on-conditions and when it fails to work the switching contacts remain closed and the device still giving the power with zero protection as to us. So also dangerous when fails. While damages occurs from voltage sparks from lighting and other transients.

GFCI and light switch Wiring Diagram :

We are now studying wiring of GFCI and how it connects to light the bulb as also shown in figure below

SO there is a power supply supplying power to the circuit while black wires shows ground currents and white shows the non-grounded wires or called HOT wires. While green wires are for removing faulty currents to ground for device protection. As 2-wire cable with ground connect to the other side of GFCI so connected both the protective sides of GFCI to the device for protection of both a device and a person using it from any circumstances and shock from electricity as shown above in the figure above.

Multiple GFCI Outlet Wiring Diagram :

We have two types of wirings as single wiring as discussed above and another one is multiple GFCI wiring and we also attach the diagram to show how the wiring is done by designer or electrical engineer.

We applied power supply either 230V/50Hz or 120V/60Hz where white is neutral and black is called “Hot” wire or calls non-grounded wire which connected to one terminal of GFCI while earthed-ground also shown in green wire which will protect our device from any non-relevant faults from power supply as given. GFCI is able to measure the fault current and sense the ground fault which is actually interrupted by GFCI.

Multiple GFCI Outlet Wiring Diagram :

The above diagram shows the GFCI wiring to Multiple Outlet as in white while the pictures are same. One side of the GFCI connected to the ground (neutral wire as shown white in the diagram) and another side to the high potential (hot wire shown as black in the diagram) shows as in black color. The socket of GFCI indicates as one pair in each for protection of any circumstances because of any switching-impulse withstand voltage or any switching-impulse withstand voltage while the timing for short-duration power frequency withstand voltage is from zero to 60 seconds.

Conclusion on GFCI protection:

Press the test feature of the GFCI protection device to ensure it works. These are excellent devices when properly wired. However, never assume a GFCI protection device is operational unless you test it. The good process is to check a GFCI is to use a circuit tester that has its own GFCI test button and plug in the tester and push its test button. If the power goes off, the GFCI is working. Press the reset button to restore power as shown in figure1 also.

Look for a house Electrical wire color code guide: This article describes the new electrical cable color code wiring diagram ac and dc in United States,uk,Canada,Europe for single phase or three phase
In Electrical engineering, different wires have different color codes. This makes it easy to differentiate and identify each wire .In diagram the live wire has a different color from the neutral wire and the earth wire. It is also useful for separating the three phases for three phase connections. And most importantly, it is good for safety purpose. The properties of one wire could be different from the properties of another and misplacing connections could be fatal to personnel handling the connections. The color coding convention in Europe is different from that of the United States, canada , united kingdom and australia.

Electrical Wire Color Codes In Europe :

In Europe, the standard used is specified by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission). The wiring standard was initially published as IEC 60446 but in 2010, it was merged into IEC 60445.

- For single phase wiring, the new European color code use

Brown color for live cable,

Blue color for neutral cable

Striped green and yellow color for the earth/ground cable.

- For three phase wires color code:

Brown color is used for line 1,

Black color is used for line 2

Grey color is used for line 3.

The new European color code takes account of proper phase rotation. The new standard was adopted to prevent people from confusing the protective earth wire with other electrical wires. It also protects people that have red-green color blindness. In the old IEC color code, all lines in the three-phase supply were black or brown and that caused so much confusion.

The United Kingdom now use the new IEC color code format. The United Kingdom used its own color code till 2004. In March, 2004, the UK adopted the IEC color code.

Electrical Cable Wiring diagram in the United States :

There are two color codes available in the United States for different voltages. For 120/208/240 V single phase, the live cable is lack or red, the neutral cable is white colored while the protective earth can be green, bare or striped green and yellow in color. For three phase 120/208/240 V, the first phase is colored black, the second phase is colored red while the third phase is colored blue.

For 277/480 V AC power, the neutral power is colored gray while the earth is colored green, bare and striped green and yellow. The phase 1 is colored brown, phase 2 is colored orange, the phase 3 is colored yellow. The 277/480 V AC systems are usually used for industrial equipment and motors.

Bottom Line

The color code convention for each region should be followed. It will prevent electrical shocks due to wrong identification and inappropriate connections. When you are faced with a tangle of wires and you need to do or repair some wiring, take note of the house electrical color coding wiring of that country.

Uk electrical power cable color code wiring diagram :

The United Kingdom and Europe use the same color coding while the United States has its own color coding convention. Indicator lights on panel boxes usually use this same color coding convention. It must also be noted that older connections may use different color codes

This article shows 4 ,7 pin trailer wiring diagram connector and step how to wire a trailer harness with color code ,there are some intricacies involved in wiring a trailer. Some trailers come with different connectors for cars and some have different wiring styles. If you follow our trailer wiring diagrams, you will get it right. Some connectors are 4-pin while some are 7-pin.

4 pin trailer light wiring diagram :

4-Pin Connectors

4-pin connectors are the standard used for most trailers. Many trailers have three circuits. The circuits are for left and right brake lights and running lights. Three wires are for the trailer while the last wire is the ground wire. The ground wire should be run from the frame of the vehicle to the trailer. There must be a very consistent metal to metal contact for the ground wire. So, do not run the wire from the bumper or the hitch of the car. The 4-pin standard flat style connector has four contacts with a male pin on the vehicle side for the ground.

Wiring the 4-pin connector

You will need a volt meter and a cutting plier to splice the wires. Turn on the running lamps of your vehicle. Probe the wiring to determine which of the wire that leads to the taillight is for the running lamp. Splice this wire and bring it to the vehicle end of the connector. The connection diagram below will tell you the exact place to place the wire. Repeat the process above for the left turn signal and the right turn signal lights

Thir is standard color code for a trailer light 4 wire :

Brown wire: Tail light and marker light

Green wire : Right Turn Signal

Yellow wire: Lift Turn Signal

White wire : Trailer Ground

7 pin trailer light wiring diagram :

7-Pin Connectors

7-pin connectors are needed because some trailers need extra connections due to the fact that they have multiple circuits. There are pins for electric trailer brakes, auxiliary power and reverse lights.

Thir is standard color code for a trailer light 7wire

White wire : Trailer Ground

Brown wire: Tail light and marker light

Green wire : Right Turn Signal

Yellow wire: Lift Turn Signal

Blue wire : Trailer Brake

red wire : Auxiliary Power

Extra Notes

It is good to smear some dielectric grease on the connectors so that the pins will not be corroded by moisture.

Ensure everything is properly tightened and fixed so you do not have a loose connection. It will also save you the stress of troubleshooting later on.