Determination of Percent by Mass of the Composition in a Mixture by Gravimetric Analysis

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Lab 4:
Determination of Percent by Mass of the Composition in a Mixture by Gravimetric Analysis

Introduction

Thermal gravimetric analysis is used to determine the percent by mass is used to determine the percent by mass of a component in a mixture. When a mixture is heated to an appropriately high temperature, one component in the mixture decomposes to form a gaseous compound. The mass of this particular component is related to the mass of the gaseous compound. In this experiment, the percent by mass of sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) and potassium chloride (KCl) in a mixture will be determined.

When sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated, new products are formed; sodium carbonate, water vapor, and carbon dioxide gas. This reaction may be presented in a different form with a measure of molecules: @Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2 (solid) (solid) (gas) (gas). Once the reaction of sodium hydrogen carbonate takes place, carbon dioxide gas is released, as well as water vapor. When the compound is under heat, the crystalline power bubbles, and stirs around as the carbon dioxide gas is released. Over time powder is heated, the entire compound gradually decreases noticeably in size and weight as the water vapor escapes as well. The crystalline powder (solid) never changes state, and after 30 minutes of heating, the compound will appear similar, except the decrease in weight and amount....

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