Robert Brown, Scottish botanist, Discovered The Nucleus of a Cell in 1831, London. When Brown was studying orchids under microscope when he observed an opaque area, which he called the "Areola" or "Nucleus", in the cells of the flower's outer layer.

The nucleus was also described by Franz Bauer in 1804 but in detail Robert Brown made it in 1831.

Benjamin Franklin has long been credited with the invention of bifocal lenses and he was the first to wear bifocal lenses. He did not produce them himself but instead had some optician in London or France make them for him to overcome Presbyopia, a condition that Franklin suffered. He was tired switching between lenses for far and near sightedness. And that resulted in inventing Bifocal Lenses.

Gliddenwas born in New York in 1812. He invented Barbed Wire in 1873 and was granted the patent on Nov. 24, 1874. After a three year battle over the patent, which he eventually won received a patent for the modern invention in 1874 after he made his own modifications to previous versions.

Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist. Known for inventing Dynamite, Nobel also owned Bofors, which he had redirected from its previous role as primarily an iron and steel producer to a major manufacturer of cannon and other armaments.

Sir Sandford Fleming, (January 7, 1827 – July 22, 1915) was a Scottish Canadian engineer and inventor. Born and raised in Scotland, he emigrated to colonial Canada at the age of 18. He proposed worldwide standard time zones, designed Canada's first postage stamp.