A method, composition and compounds useful in said compositions for treating the skin and scalp characterized by an excessive secretion of sebum to improve the condition thereof by reducing said excessive secretion of sebum includes topically applying to a human having skin and/or a scalp so characterized...http://www.google.ca/patents/US3976781?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US3976781 - Process and cosmetic compositions for the treatment of skin and scalp

Process and cosmetic compositions for the treatment of skin and scalpUS 3976781 A

Abstract

A method, composition and compounds useful in said compositions for treating the skin and scalp characterized by an excessive secretion of sebum to improve the condition thereof by reducing said excessive secretion of sebum includes topically applying to a human having skin and/or a scalp so characterized a cosmetic composition containing as an active ingredient a derivative of cysteine or cysteamine. The composition contains about 0.1-5 weight percent of said derivative and also contains as a carrier for the active ingredient, water, a mixture of water and a lower alkanol, a lower alkanol, a mixture of a lower alkanol and a cosmetic resin, a reducing agent, a neutralizing agent or a vegetable oil.

Images(31)

Claims(18)

What is claimed is:

1. A cosmetic composition for topical application to a human's scalp and skin characterized by an excessive secretion of sebum to improve the condition thereof by reducing said excessive secretion of sebum comprising a non-toxic cosmetic carrier suitable for topical application to the scalp or skin and a non-toxic active component present in amounts effective to reduce excessive secretion of sebum, said active component being selected from the group consisting of a compound having the formula: ##EQU38## wherein n is 0 or 1 and when n is 0, R1 and R2 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and CH3 and when n is 1, R1 and R2 are hydrogen; R7 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and alkoxy containing 1-5 carbon atoms, and R is selected from the group consisting of --C(C6 H5)3 --CH(C6 H5)2, --C(CH3)2 (C6 H4 p -- OCH3),--(CH2)z --R8 wherein z is 0 or 1 and R8 is selected from the group consisting of naphthyl-1 and naphthyl-2 and ##SPC10##

wherein q is 1 and x is 0, 1 or 2 when x is 0 or 1, Rg is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and alkoxy having 1-5 carbon atoms and when x is 2, R9 is hydrogen.

2. A cosmetic composition for topical application to a human's scalp and skin characterized by an excessive secretion of sebum to improve the condition thereof by reducing said excessive secretion of sebum comprising a non-toxic cosmetic carrier suitable for topical application to the scalp or skin and a non-toxic active component present in amounts effective to reduce excessive secretion of sebum, said active component being selected from the group consisting of a compound having the formula: ##EQU39## wherein n is 0 or 1 and when n is 0, R1 and R2 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and CH3, and when n is 1, R1 and R2 are hydrogen; R7 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and alkoxy containing 1-5 carbon atoms, and R is selected from the group consisting of --C(C6 H5)3, --CH(C6 H5)2, --CH(C6 H4 p--OCH3)2, --C(CH3)2 (C6 H4 p--OCH3), --(CH2)z --R8 wherein z is 0 or 1 and R8 is selected from the group consisting of naphthyl-1 and naphthyl-2 and ##SPC11##

wherein x is 0-2 and wherein when q is 1, 2 or 3, R9 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkoxy having 1-5 carbon atoms and linear or branched chain alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms, and when q is 1, R9 is selected from the group consisting of acetamido, amino, phenoxy, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, phenyl, dialkylamino wherein each alkyl moiety has 1-5 carbon atoms.

3. The composition of claim 2 wherein said active component is selected from the group consisting of

1. 3-(o-methoxy benzylthio) alanine

2. 3-(p-butoxy benzylthio) alanine

3. 3-(m-fluorobenzylthio) alanine

4. 3-(p-fluorobenzylthio) alanine

5. 3-(o-fluorobenzylthio) alanine

6. 3-(4-isopropyl benzylthio) alanine

7. 2-amino-4-ortho-chlorobenzylthio butyrate of methyl, hydrochloride

8. 3-(2-naphthylthio) alanine

9. 3-(o-chlorobenzylthio) alanine

10. 3-(p-chlorobenzylthio) alanine

11. 3-(β-phenyl ethylthio) alanine

12. 3-(diphenyl methylthio) alanine

13. 3-(2,4-dichlorobenzylthio) alanine

14. 3-(3,4-dichlorobenzylthio) alanine

15. 3-(3,5-dichlorobenzylthio) alanine

16. 3-(2,6-dichloro benzylthio) alanine

17. 3-(p-methoxy benzylthio) alanine

18. 3-(p-bromobenzylthio) alanine

19. 3-(3,4-dimethoxy benzylthio) alanine

20. 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxy benzylthio) alanine

21. 3-(o-methylbenzylthio) alanine

22. 3-(p-methyl benzylthio) alanine

23. 3-(4-t-butyl benzylthio) alanine

24. 3-(2,4 dimethyl benzylthio) alanine

25. 3-(p-trifluoromethyl benzylthio) alanine

26. 3-(o-trifluoromethyl benzylthio) alanine

27. 3-(p-acetamido benzylthio) alanine

28. 3-(p-dimethyl amino benzylthio) alanine

29. 3-(p-phenoxy benzylthio) alanine

30. 3-(p-phenyl benzylthio) alanine

31. 3-(benzylthio) alanine

32. 3-(p-ethoxy benzylthio) alanine

33. 3-[bis-(p-methoxyphenyl)-β-methylthio] alanine

34. 3-(2-p-methoxyphenyl-2-propylthio) alanine

35. 3-(2-naphthyl methylthio) alanine

36. 3-(phenylthio) alanine

37. 3-(o, m or p-chlorophenylthio) alanine

38. 3-(p-fluorophenylthio) alanine

39. 3-(o or p-methoxyphenylthio) alanine

40. 3-(benzylthio) valine

41. 4-benzylthio-2-amino butyric acid

42. 3-(o-aminophenylthio) alanine

43. 3-benzhydrylthio-2-amino propionate of methyl hydrochloride

44. 3-(1-naphthyl-2-methylthio) alanine and

45. 3-(triphenylmethylthio) alanine.

4. The composition of claim 2 wherein said active component is 3-benzhydrylthio-2-amino propionate of methyl hydrochloride.

6. The composition of claim 5 wherein said carrier is a detergent selected from the group consisting of cationic detergent, anionic detergent, nonionic detergent and amphoteric detergent, said detergent being present in amounts of 4-15 weight percent of said composition.

7. The composition of claim 6 including a solvent selected from the group consisting of water and an aqueous alcohol solution.

8. The composition of claim 6 in the form of a dry powder.

9. The composition of claim 5 wherein said carrier is a permanent waving neutralizing agent comprising a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, sodium or potassium bromate and sodium perborate.

10. The composition of claim 5 wherein said carrier is a permanent waving reducing agent comprising a member selected from the group consisting of thioglycolic acid, ammonium thioglycolate, thioglycerol, thiolactic acid and thioglycolic amide or hydrazide.

11. A method for treating skin and scalp, characterized by an excessive secretion of sebum, to improve the condition thereof by reducing said excessive secretion of sebum comprising topically applying to a human being having skin or scalp so characterized an effective amount of a composition comprising a non-toxic cosmetic carrier suitable for topical application to the scalp or skin and as a non-toxic active component a compound having the formula: ##EQU40## wherein n is 0 or 1 and when n is 0, R1 and R2 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and CH3, and when n is 1, R1 and R2 are hydrogen, R7 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and alkoxy containing 1-5 carbon atoms, and R is selected from the group consisting of --C(C6 H5)3, -CH(C6 H5)2, --CH(C6 H4 p--OCH3)2, --C(CH3)2 (C6 H4 p--OCH3), --(CH2)z --R8 wherein z is 0 or 1 and R8 is selected from the group consisting of naphthyl-1 and naphthyl-2 and ##SPC12##

wherein x is 0-2 and wherein when q is 1, 2 or 3, R9 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkoxy having 1-5 carbon atoms and linear or branched chain alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms, and when q is 1, R9 is selected from the group consisting of acetamido, amino, phenoxy, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, phenyl, dialkylamino wherein each alkyl moiety has 1-5 carbon atoms.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said active component is selected from the group consisting of

The present invention relates to a composition and method for treating skin and scalp characterized by an excessive secretion of sebum, to improve the condition thereof by reducing said excessive secretion comprising topically applying to a human being having skin and/or a scalp so characterized an effective amount of a composition comprising a non-toxic cosmetic carrier suitable for topical application to the scalp or skin and as a non-toxic active compound, certain thioethers which are cysteine or cysteamine derivatives.

The active compound employed in the present invention is selected from the group consisting of a compound having the formula ##EQU1## AND THE ACID SALTS THEREOF,

WHEREIN N OR 0 OR 1 `AND WHEN N IS 0, R1 and R2 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and CH3 and when n is 1, R1 and R2 are hydrogen;

R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and --COR7 wherein R7 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, alkoxy containing 1-5 carbon atoms, glucosamine, --NH--NH2, ##EQU2## wherein r' represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having 1-3 carbon atoms, ##EQU3## wherein r" and r'" each independently represent alkyl having 1-3 carbon atoms or together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a ring selected from the group consisting of morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine and N'-methylpiperazine;

A is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, --CONH2, ##SPC1##

wherein p is 0- 1 and R5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1- 4 carbon atoms, halogen and acetamide, and wherein R6 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms ##SPC4##

wherein R5 has the meaning given above and --CH2 --CO--C6 H5, t is 1 or 2 and when t is 1, R is selected from the group consisting of linear or branched chain alkyl having 1 - 18 carbon atoms when R3 is hydrogen or COR7 and n is 0, linear or branched chain alkenyl having 3-18 carbon atoms, propyne-2 yl, mono- or dihydroxyalkyl containing 2-4 carbon atoms, 1,2-dichlorovinyl,

--C(C6 H5)3, --C(CH3)3, -- CH(C6 H5)2, --CH(C6 H4 p--OCH3)2, --C(CH3)2 (C6 H4 p--OCH3), --CONH2, ##EQU5## wherein R'" is alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms and m is 1-2, ##EQU6## wherein m is 1- 2 and B is selected from the group consisting of --CH2 --CH2 -- and ##EQU7## wherein n, R3 and A have the meanings given above, --(CH2)s --COR10 wherein s is 1-5 and R10 is selected from the group consisting of R7, piperidino, morpholino, pyrrolidino, N'-methylpiperazino and --N(CH2 --CH2 OH)2 --(CH2)z --R8 wherein z is 0, 1 or 2 when z is 0, R8 is selected from the group consisting of naphthyl-1, naphthyl-2, pyridyl-2, pyridyl-2 substituted with a member selected from the group consisting of nitro and alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms, and pyridyl-2-N oxide when R3 is hydrogen, and when z is 1, R8 is selected from the group consisting of naphthyl-1, naphthyl-2, thienyl-2, tetrahydrofuryl-2, furyl-2, pyridyl-2, pyridyl-2 substituted with a member selected from the group consisting of nitro and alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms, and pyridyl- 2 -N-oxide and when z is 2, R8 is selected from the group consisting of pyridyl-2, pyridyl-2 substituted with a member selected from the group consisting of nitro and alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms and pyridyl- 2 -N-oxide, and ##SPC5##

wherein x is 0-2 and wherein when q is 1, 2 or 3, R9 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkoxy having 1-5 carbon atoms and linear or branched chain alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms, and when q is 1, R9 is selected from the group consisting of acetamido, amino, phenoxy, cyclohexyl, methylenedioxy, trifluoromethyl, nitro, phenyl, dialkylamino wherein each alkyl moiety has 1-5 carbon atoms, alkylthio having 1-5 carbon atoms, alkylsulfinyl having 1-5 carbon atoms and alkylsulfonyl having 1-5 carbon atoms, and when t is 2, R is selected from the group consisting of alkylene having 2-4 carbon atoms, alkylene having 2-4 carbon atoms and substituted with 1-2 hydroxy groups, butenylene and --(CH2)2 --SO2 --(CH2)2 --.

However, when the active compounds carry both an amine group and a carboxylic acid function it must be used in order to break the internal salt an inorganic acid or a strong organic acid such as p-toluenesulfonic acid or trichloracetic acid.

As will be evident formula (I) above encompasses both cysteine and cysteamine derivatives. Such systeamine derivatives can be expressed by the formula: ##EQU8## while the cysteine derivatives can be expressed by the formula: ##EQU9## wherein R, R1, R2 R7, A, n and t have the meanings given above.

The carrier employed with the active compound to produce the novel composition of this invention will depend for instance on the form of the product desired. Thus, the active compound can be applied topically to the skin or scalp as a solution in water, or in a mixture of water and a lower alkanol such as ethanol or isopropanol, as a cream, as a gel, as a shampoo, as an aerosol, in a reducing agent employed in the permanent waving of hair, in an oxidizing or neutralizing agent employed in the permanent waving of hair. The active compound is generally present in amounts ranging from about 0.1 to 5%, preferably about 1.5 to 2 weight percent of the total composition.

METHOD OF PREPARATION

In a general manner, active compounds of the present invention can be prepared by the reaction of a thiol, with an organic halide or with an ester of methane sulfonic acid or p-toluene sulfonic acid (Method I), or with a compound having a reactive double bond (Method II), or with an oxirane (Method IV), or with an alcohol (Method III) or with ethylene imine and its acylation and sulfonylation derivatives (Method IV).

Method I

The most commonly employed procedure is the substitution reaction of essentially an equimolar ratio of a thiol and an organic halide or a methane sulfonate or a p-toluene sulfonate. The thiol can be aminated or not. The reaction is carried out under conditions generally or conventionally employed for nucleophilic substitutions including, for instance, a temperature ranging from 10° to 100°C, atmospheric pressure, and employing a solvent such as water, ammonia, alcohol or dimethyl formamide in the presence of a base such as an alkali or alkaline earth hydroxide, or carbonate, an alcoholate, an alkali or alkaline earth amide or even a tertiary aliphatic amine such as triethylamine according to the following general reaction:

the thiol R--SH or R'--SH can be prepared in situ by basic hydrolysis of an isothiouronium salt according to the following general reaction: ##EQU10##

Method I (alternative)

When R is an aryl radical (X=0), the halide employed is an aryldiazonium halide (Vigneaud et al, J.Biol. Chem., 1941, 138, 369 and Clarke and Inouye, J.Biol. Chem. 1931, 94.541) and the reaction follows the general equation:

ArN2 Cl+R'-SH→Ar-S-R'+N2 +HCl

Method II

The addition reaction of essentially an equimolar ratio of a thiol with a compound having a reactive double bond is well known and can be carried out, in accordance with known procedures, without a catalyst or in the presence of a peroxide such as ascaridole, benzoyl peroxide, azo bis-isobutyronitrile, or in the presence of a base such as those employed in Method I, or even a quaternary ammonium hydroxide or a secondary amine such as piperidine. Representative reaction temperatures include 10° to 100°C and at atmospheric pressure.

The reaction is most generally effected in a medium such as alcohol, for instance, lower alkanol, water, dioxane; alone or in admixture, with a basic catalyst, so as to obtain a small quantity of thiolate to initiate the reaction.

The compound utilized having a reactive double bond does not have an amine function. It can, however, contain an amide or sulfonamide function.

The radical R can originate from either a compound having a reactive double bond (scheme 1) or from a thiol (scheme 2) when R3 and A are other than hydrogen.

Scheme 1 ##EQU11##Scheme 2 ##EQU12##Method III

The compounds of the present invention, in which the sulfur atom is linked to a disubstituted or trisubstituted carbon atom, or to a benzyl or allyl radical, can conveniently be prepared at a temperature ranging from about 50° to 150°C and at atmospheric pressure by reaction with essentially equimolar amounts of a corresponding tertiary or secondary, benzyl or allyl alcohol, with a thiol, in the presence of a strong acid such as gaseous hydrochloric acid, p-toluene sulfonic acid, or a Lewis acid such as the etherate of boron trifluoride, in accordance with the following general reaction: ##EQU13##

R'" and R"" only represent hydrogen when R" represents aryl or vinyl.

Method IV

Another particularly useful method for preparing compounds of the present invention consists of reacting essentially equimolar amounts of a thiol with an ethylene imine or an acylation or N-sulfonylation derivative thereof at a temperature ranging from about -30° to 80°C at ambient or atmospheric pressures according to the following equations which provide an easy method of producing the following compounds: ##EQU14##

The reaction is made very easily, in a variety of solvents, chosen as a function of the solubility of the starting materials. Representativwe solvents include alcohols of low molecular weight and chloroform.

Method IV (alternate)

The β-hydroxythioethers can be prepared by an analogous procedure, by replacing the azinidine by an oxiran, and by effecting the reaction in a polar medium with a basic catalyst, as in Method I according to the following scheme: ##EQU15##

In addition to the above methods, the esters and the amides of the present invention can be prepared starting with other compounds.

Thus, esters can be obtained starting with the corresponding acid (R7 = OH), by reacting an appropriate alcohol therewith to give the desired ester, either at an elevated temperature in the presence of a mineral or sulfonic acid, or at a low temperature in the presence of thionyl chloride (Method V).

Amides included in the meaning of R3 can be prepared simply by the reaction of ammonia, hydrazine, hydroxylamine or an appropriate amine on the ester noted above, at a temperature generally lower than 30°C (Method VI).

The amides included in A can be conveniently prepared by the action of a halide or anhydride of a carboxylic acid to produce a carboxamide or by the action of a sulfonyl halide to produce a sulfonamide when the amide is formamide, the amide is prepared by action of formic acid. The reaction conditions most generally utilized are those of Schotten-Baumann, i.e., in water, in the presence of an alkaline hydroxide, or their rearrangement in an organic medium (aromatic hydrocarbon, generally a chlorinated solvent) in the presence of a base such as pyridine or a tertiary amine, for example, trialkylamine (Method VII).

When it is desired to prepare acylated compounds having an alcohol function, they can be obtained by the action of an amine on a lactone, the reaction being catalyzed by an alkaline alcoholate.

In the case of substituted acetamides, acetylation of the amine can often advantageously be effected by means of acetic anhydride in an acetic acid medium in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

It will be noted, however, that the majority of the amides included in the meaning of A are in addition easily produced by one or more of Methods I-IV.

Finally, compounds of the type where A equals -CONH2 are prepared by the action, in an aqueous or aqueous alcoholic medium, of an alkaline cyanate on a compound of the type A=H, in the presence of an equivalent amount of mineral acid, preferably, hydrochloric acid (Method VIII), the starting compound being obtained according to Methods I-IV.

The preparation of the salts of the active compounds is generally carried out by first dissolving the acid in an appropriated solvent and then pouring to this solution either a solution of the active compound in the same solvent or the active compound alone. The solvent must not be a solvent of the salt.

To prepare hydrochlorides, it is more convenient to dissolve the active compound in an appropriated solvent and then to bubble in the solution a slight stream of hydrogen chloride.

Representative Examples of Preparing Active Compounds According to the Foregoing General Reactions:EXAMPLE 1

N-(2-benzylthioethyl)nicotinamide: (Method VII) ##EQU16##

30 grams of ethyl nicotinate and 80 grams of 2-benzylthio ethylamine are heated for 12 hours at 170°-180°C. The ethane liberated during the reaction is removed by means of a Dean Stark apparatus. After cooling, the reaction mixture is dissolved in 400 cc of carbon tetrachloride; by addition of petroleum ether, the N-(2-benzylthioethyl)nicotinamide crystallizes: 47 g. By crystallization in a mixture of carbon tetrachloride and cyclohexane, there is recovered colorless crystals of the above product melting at 79°C.

17.9 grams of 3-carboxymethylthio alanine are dissolved in 200 cc of normal soda. There are added under agitation 24 grams of p-toluene sulfonyl chloride then, in 3 hours, 100 cc of normal soda. The suspension is agitated again for 5 hours at ambient temperature, then filtered. The filtrate, acidified with HCl, is extracted with ethyl acetate. After evaporation of the ethyl acetate, there remains a yellow solid which crystallizes in water. 20 grams of the above product in crystalline form are obtained having a melting point of 152°C.

To a solution of 4.12 g of 2-β-aminoethylthio pyridine N-oxide hydrochloride in 60 cc of water, there are added 4 cc of 5N soda, then 3.8 g of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride. The mixture is agitated for 5 hours at ambient temperature. The pH is maintained at 9.5 by the addition of normal soda. The precipitate is filtered and crystallized in aqueous ethanol. Yield = 88%. Fusion point: 201°C.

There are added, over a 15 minute period, 96 cc of 10 N soda to an aqueous solution of 54 g of cysteine hydrochloride. The solution obtained is treated by a cation exchange resin and the product adsorbed on the resin is liberated with an ammoniacal solution. The eluate is evaporated and the residue is crystallized in a mixture of methanol and ispropyl ether. There is thus recovered 49 g of whitish crystals melting at 190°C.

In 400 cc of ethanol containing 6.9 g of sodium, there are introduced 15.75 g of cysteine hydrochloride, then a solution of 16 g of o-chlorobenzyl chloride in 20 cc of ethanol. The mixture is heated for 1 hour at 50°C. After cooling, there are added 400 cc of water and 30 cc of acetic acid. The product crystallizes and is filtered and washed with water. Yield: 20.8 g. Fusion point is 220°C.

15 grams of the product obtained above are put into suspension in 15 cc of methanol, in which there is bubbled a stream of dry gaseous HCl for thirty minutes. The reaction mixture is left standing for 2 hours at ambient temperature, evaporated to dryness, the oily residue being dissolved in 30 cc. of methanol. The product is crystallized by the addition of diethyl oxide. Yield = 90%. Fusion point 150°C.

There are heated under reflux for 30 minutes, 66.3 g of thiourea and 145.6 g of β-bromoethylurea in 600 cc of isopropanol. The precipitate (185 g) is filtered, washed with isopropanol and dissolved in 900 cc of water. There is added to this solution during a 15 minute period, a solution of 30.45 g of soda in 150 cc of water and the resulting mixture is heated in a boiling water-bath for 1 hour under nitrogen. The water bath is removed and there is again introduced 150 cc of a soda solution (30.45 g soda), then a solution of 127.15 g of β-bromoethylurea in 150 cc of water.

The reaction mixture is left standing overnight at ambient temperature. The crystallized product is then filtered, yielding 126 g of white product melting at 234°C.

Method VIII: ##EQU20##

To a solution of 92.4 g of 2,2'thio diethylamine in 70 cc of water, there is added with agitation 133 cc of 11.6 N hydrochloric acid while cooling so as to maintain the temperature below about 25°C. Then there is added sufficiently rapidly, a solution of 127 g of potassium cyanate (98%) in 150 cc of water. The reaction mixture is left standing overnight and the resulting precipitate is filtered, dried and crystallized in water, yielding 128 g of white crystals, the fusion point of which is 234°C.

There is added dropwise a solution of 21.4 g of 1,4 dibromo butene-2 in 200 cc of ethanol to a solution of 35.10 g of the hydrochloride of cysteine monohydrate and 40 cc of 10 N soda in 200 cc of water and 300 cc of ethanol. The mixture is agitated for 6 hours at ambient temperature. The precipitate which forms is filtered and crystallized in a mixture of methanol and water. There is obtained a yield of 97% of a white solid.

26.25 g of cysteine hydrochloride and 27.83 g of β-bromoethylurea are dissolved in 150 cc of water under nitrogen. A solution of 13.35 g of soda in 30 cc of water is added during a 40 minute period and the mixture is heated for 3 hours at 50°C. After cooling, there is added to the solution, four times its volume of water and the resulting mixture is passed over a cation exchange resin. After washing with water, the product fixed on the resin is eluted with an ammoniacal solution. The eluate is evaporated to dryness and the residue is crystallized in an aqueous methanol solution. There are obtained 19.5 grams of the white product melting at 220°C with decomposition.

To a solution of 8.77 g of cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate in 150 cc of methanol, there are added, successively, 7.6 g of potassium, then, during a 30 minute period, 10.45 g of methyl ω-bromopentanoate.

The mixture is heated for 6 hours under reflux, then filtered after cooling. The precipitate is dissolved in a minimum amount of water and the solution obtained is acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The desired product precipitates (10.2 g). It can be crystallized in methanol by adding diethyl oxide. White crystals are produced which melt at 160°C.

There are added successively, to a solution of 2.6 g of potassium in 100 cc of methanol, 4.5 g of β-mercaptoethylamine hydrochloride, then slowly 8.2 g of methyl ω-bromohexanoate.

The mixture is heated for 3 hours under reflux. After cooling, it is acidified with gaseous hydrochloric acid and filtered. The filtrate is evaporated to dryness and the oily residue (8 g) crystallizes rapidly. The product melts at 80°C after crystallization in a mixture of methanol and diisopropyl oxide.

To a suspension of 17.55 g of cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate and 37 g of 2-p-toluenesulfonamido ethyl p-toluene sulfonate in 500 cc of methanol, there is added, during a one hour period, at 50°C. a solution of 19.6 g of potassium at 85% in 500 cc of methanol.

The potassium chloride and potassium p-toluene sulfonate are removed by filtration. The mother liquor is evaporated to dryness, leaving an oil which is mixed with water and acidified with acetic acid. The product precipitates and is crystallized in water. Yield is 29 g. Fusion point is 215°C.

EXAMPLE 12

2-methylthioethylammonium phenylacetate (Method I)

ch3 s--ch2 --ch2 --n+ h3 o-2 c--ch2 --c6 h5

there are added, progressively and with intense agitation, 41 g of 2-bromo ethylamine hydrobromide to a solution of sodium methanethiolate in ethanol (starting with 9.6 g of methane thiol and 9.2 g sodium).

The mixture is agitated for one hour at ambient temperature, then heated under reflux for 30 minutes. After cooling, the mixture is diluted with 200 cc of ether and then filtered to remove therefrom the mineral salts. The filtrate is concentrated and the resulting oily residue is fractionated. The fraction distilling at 42°C under 16 mm Hg, is recovered and yields 13.6 g (75%) of 2-methylthioethylanine which are added, in a solution of ether (300 cc), to a solution of phenyl-acetic acid (0.15 mol) in the same solvent. The salt formed crystallizes, in proportion to the addition, in the form of white needles (33.5 g) which are purified by crystallization in ethyl acetate. Yield = 92%. Fusion point: 92°- 94°C.

10 g of calcium pantothenate are dissolved in 10 cc of water. To this solution are added, in succession, 2.66 g of oxalic acid in a minimum of water and 10 cc of triethylamine. The calcium oxalate formed is removed by filtration. There is obtained triethylamine pantothenate in the form of an oil by concentrating the filtrate to dryness.

This salt is dissolved in 25 cc of anhydrous dimethyl formamide and the solution is cooled to -5°C. Then dropwise, while maintaining the temperature at -5°C, there is added a solution of 4.1 g of ethyl chloroformate.

The mixture is added dropwise to a solution of 25 g ethyleneimine and 5 g of triethylamine in 50 cc of ethyl acetate while maintaining the temperature at -5°C. The mixture is agitated for 20 minutes at -5°C.

During a period of about 15 minutes, there is added a filtered solution of 6.6 g of cysteine hydrochloride and 4.2 g of triethylamine in 20 cc of dimethyl formamide. After 30 minutes at 0°C, the solution is filtered and the filtrate is evaporated to dryness under a vacuum. The oily residue is dissolved in ethyl ether and after standing, crystallizes in the form of a white hygroscopic product, the fusion point of which is 75°-80°C. Yield - 75%.

The proportion of carboxylic acid and amine functions correspond to theory.

EXAMPLE 14

2-amino 4-thia nonadioic acid (Method II) ##EQU26##

10 g of allylacetic acid are added dropwise to 15.75 g of cysteine hydrochloride. Under intense agitation, there are added 10 mg of benzoyl peroxide. The mixture becomes heated and liquifies and is maintained for 1 hour at 80°C. After cooling, it is dissolved in 50 cc of 2 N soda. The precipitate that forms is filtered and washed with water. Yield: 16.5 g. After crystallization in dilute hydrochloric acid, the product melts at 230°C with decomposition.

The proportion of carboxylic acid function corresponds to theory.

EXAMPLE 15

Bis[2-(2,2-dimethoxyethylthio)ethylamine]oxalate ##EQU27##

To a solution of 4.6 g of sodium in 150 cc of ethanol, there are added 11.35 g of β-mercaptoethylamine hydrochloride, the dropwise 16.9 g of the bromide of 2,2'-dimethoxyethyl bromoacetaldehyde dimethylacetal.

The mixture is heated for 2 hours under reflux. The mineral salts are filtered after cooling and the mother liquor is concentrated. The oily residue is distilled in 17 mm Hg at 125°-130°C. Yield = 74%.

The 12.2 g of 2-(2,2-dimethoxyethylthio)ethylamine obtained above are dissolved in 50 cc of ethanol and added to a solution of 4.65 g of the dihydrate of oxalic acid. The salt formed crystallizes by addition of ethyl ether, after cooling. By crystallization in 2-propanol and ethyl ether, white crystals are obtained. Fusion point: 170°-172°C.

To a solution of 11.25 g of β-aminoethylthio in 50 cc acetic acid there are added successively 15.42 g of p-methoxy phenyl dimethyl carbinol and a solution of boron trifluoride in acetic acid. The mixture is heated 30 minutes at 60°C, then cooled. This solution is added dropwise to a 10% solution of sodium acetate, which is extracted three times with ethyl ether and dried over sodium sulfate. By bubbling gaseous hydrochloric acid in the etherified solution, the product is produced as a white precipitate. Fusion point with decomposition: 172°-174°C. Yield: 62%.

To a solution of 6.9 g of sodium in 400 cc of absolute ethanol, there are added, successively, 15.75 g of cysteine hydrochloride and 19.54 g of 2,4-dichloro benzyl chloride.

Then the mixture is heated at 50°C for a period of 1 hour. By adding 600 cc of water and 30 cc of acetic acid, the product crystallizes in the form of needles. Fusion point 205°-210°C.

24.5 g of this product, 2-amino 3-(2,4-dichlorobenzylthio) propionic acid, are acetylated in accordance with the conventional Schatten-Baumann reaction. There is obtained a precipitate which is crystallized in 40% ethanol, weight: 23.85 g. Fusion point: 134°-135°C.

A solution of 17.56 g of cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate in 85 cc of acetic acid is heated with agitation at 60°C. Then there is added, successively, 24.4 g of bis-(p-methoxyphenyl)carbinol and 20.7 g of boron trifluoride in acetic acid. The mixture is heated at 80°C for a period of 15 minutes, then cooled to 10°C. Then, by adding a solution of 48 g of sodium acetate in 50 cc of water and 150 cc of ethanol, the product precipitates. After crystallization in a mixture of water and dimethylformamide, there are obtained white crystals, the fusion point of which is 209°-211°C.

24.2 g of allyl bromide are added dropwise to a solution of 22.7 g of β-aminoethylthio in 150 cc of ethanol containing 9.2 g of metallic sodium. The mixture is heated under reflux for 1 hour. The resulting oil phase is decanted and is dissolved by adding ether thereto in order to eliminate by filtration the mineral salts. The filtrate is concentrated under vacuum, leaving an oily residue. Weight: 38.1 g. The oily residue is dissolved in 100 cc of absolute ethanol and 43.5 g of malic acid are added with agitation in small portions. By adding ether, the product forms as a white precipitate which, after crystallization in 2-propanol, melts at 94°C. Yield: 65%.

There are added, in small amounts, 21.52 g of sodium to a suspension of 40 g of methionine in 1.5 l of liquid ammonia. After the addition, the mixture is maintained under agitation for 4 hours. There is then added to the mixture sufficient ammonium chloride to decolorize the solution. The ammonia is evaporated overnight at ambient temperature and the white residue is dissolved in 200 cc of water. There is added, over a 2-hour period, a solution of 55 g of 2-bromo ethylamine hydrobromide in 300 cc of water. The mixture is agitated for 3 hours at 20°C and then for 3 hours at 50°C. The reaction product is then treated with DOWEX Resin 50 W, and then eluted by means of an ammoniacal solution. The eluate is concentrated under vacuum. The solid residue is admixed with 75 cc of water, neutralized with 52 cc of 6N hydrochloric acid and treated with animal charcoal. There is obtained after filtration a colorless solution which is then concentrated under vacuum. The solid residue is crystallized in a mixture of water, methanol, acetone and is in the form of white crystals (38 g) melting at 216°-217°C.

A solution of 51 g of 2-thiolannone in 50 cc of methanol is added to a solution of 150 cc of 10 N soda, 400 cc of water and 500 cc of methanol. In the resulting solution, there is introduced, in several portions, 103 g of β-bromoethylanine hydrobromide. The mixture is heated under reflux for 3 hours. The solution is treated with an ion exchange resin in hydrogen form, in accordance with conventional procedures. The concentrated eluate provides a solid residue which is washed in ethanol and filtered. Yield: 62.5 g. Fusion point: 171°C.

The proportion of acid and amine functions conform to theory.

EXAMPLE 22

S-β-ureidoethylmercaptoacetic acid ##EQU32##

To a solution of 34.1 g of β-mercaptoethylamine hydrochloride in 200 cc of water there is added a solution of 24.3 g of potassium cyanate in 80 cc of water, then 36 g of sodium monochloroacetate in 200 cc of water. The solution is heated at 50°C for 2 hours while maintaining the pH at 6 by the addition of 2N soda. The mixture is then acidified, concentrated to dryness and washed with a mixture of water and ethanol. After filtration, there is produced 42 g of the product which melts at 135°C.

13.5 g of S-(β-aminoethyl)mercaptoacetic acid and 10.8 g of 2,2-dimethoxy propane are added, successively, to a solution of 7.3 g of gaseous hydrochloride acid in 20 cc of methanol. The solution is permitted to stand for 12 hours at ambient temperature. The flakes formed (17.5 g) are filtered and washed with ethyl acetate. Fusion point = 100°C.

13 g of pantolacetone with a few drops of a methanol solution of sodium methylate are added to a solution of 16.7 g 2-benzylthio ethylamine in 50 cc of ethanol. The mixture is heated for 6 hours at 60°-65°C.

After cooling, the product is crystallized by addition of diethyl oxide. White crystals (23.8 g) melt at 70°C.

EXAMPLE 25

2-β-hydroxyethylthioethylamine hydrochloride ##EQU34##

There are added in 1 hour, 39 g of 2-mercapto ethanol in 50 cc of ethanol to a solution of 21.5 g of ethyleneimine in 100 cc of ethanol. The mixture is maintained for 10 hours at 40°C and then concentrated to dryness. The oily residue (56 g) is fractionated under vacuum (1.5 mm Hg) and the fraction distilling at 113°-116°C (48 g) is recovered.

By the action of gaseous hydrochloric acid on an ethanol solution of the distilled amine, there is obtained the hydrochloride in the form of crystals (59 g) which melt at 45°-48°C.

To a solution of 70.2 g of cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate in 300 cc of water, there is added, successively, 53 cc of 8 N soda, 0.5 cc of concentrated ammonia and after 30 minutes, a solution of 23.6 g of divinyl sulfone in 300 cc of water. After two hours under agitation, the reaction mixture is filtered and the precipitate (67 g) is washed with water and with ethanol.

21.6 g of the precipitate obtained above are dissolved in 30 cc of water and 15 cc of 8N soda. To this solution, there is added, successively, 60 cc of acetic anhydride and 112.8 cc of 8N soda.

Agitation of the mixture is continued for some time and it is acidified with 147.6 cc of 10N hydrochloric acid. The precipitate formed in filtered and washed with water. Yield: 21.42 g. Fusion point: 196°C.

B. Examples Of Compositions Containing Active Compounds And Their Use In Accordance With This Invention

The compositions of the present invention as stated above can be provided in various forms depending, for instance, on the choice of carrier admixed with the active compound. The following examples illustrate representative carriers employed to produce the novel compositions of this invention, all of which, of course, effectively reduce excessive secretion of sebum from the skin and/or scalp.

1. Carrier - Water or Aqueous-lower alkanol solution.

EXAMPLE 27

A composition in accordance with the invention is prepared by mixing 1.5 g of 3-tritylthio-alanine hydrochloride with 100cc of 50% aqueous ethyl alcohol solution containing 0.1 g of perfume and 0.1 g of a coloring agent.

EXAMPLE 28

A composition in accordance with the invention is prepared by dissolving 2 g of 2-amino 4-thia heptanedioic acid in 100cc of perfumed distilled water, the pH is adjusted to 7 by adding triethanolamine.

EXAMPLE 29

A composition in accordance with the invention is prepared by dissolving 2 g of methyl S-diphenylmethyl-1-cysteinate and 0.1% of coloring agent in 100 cc of 60% aqueous ethyl alcohol solution.

EXAMPLE 30

A composition in accordance with the invention is obtained by dissolving 0.75 g of 3-(β-hydroxy ethylthio) alanine in 100 cc of a 50% aqueous ethyl alcohol solution containing 0.1% of perfume and 0.1% of coloring agent.

EXAMPLE 31

A lotion in accordance with the invention is prepared by dissolving 0.75 g of 5-amino 3-thia dimethyl hexanedioate hydrochloride and 0.1 g of perfume in 100 cc of a 50% aqueous ethyl alcohol solution.

EXAMPLE 32

A composition according to the invention is prepared by dissolving 1.5 g of S- β amino ethyl mercapto acetic acid in 100 cc of perfumed distilled water.

EXAMPLE 33

A composition according to the invention is made by preparing the following mixture:

A composition for treating a greasy scalp according to the invention is made by dissolving 1.5 grams of the hydrochloride of 2-trityl thio ethylamine having the formula (C6 H5)3 --C--S--CH2 --CH2 --NH2.sup.. HCl in 100 cc of 50% solution of water and ethanol.

EXAMPLE 35

A composition for treating a greasy scalp according to the invention is made by dissolving:

A milk identical to the one described in Example 67 is prepared, except that the 1 g of 2-(2,4-dichloro benzylthio) ethylammonium 1-aspartate is replaced by 2 g of N-(2-phenyl thio ethyl) chloracetamide and the 1.6 g of stearic acid by 0.6 g of the same.

EXAMPLE 69

A milk identical to the one described in Example 67 is prepared, except that the N-(2-phenyl thio ethyl) chloracetamide is replaced by 2-(2,4-dichloro benzylthio) ethylammonium l-aspartate

To prepare a lacquer for greasy hair, 30 g of the above solution is packaged in an aerosol can also containing 49 g of trichloromonofluoromethane and 21 g of dichlorodifluoromethane. This lacquer has properties similar to that of Example 75.

A composition identical to the above one is prepared except that the 5-amino 3-thia heptane dioic acid is replaced by 6-6'-sulfonyl bis(2-acetamido 4-thia hexanedioic acid), the pH being adjusted to 6.5 by adding triethanolamine

A shampoo powder in accordance with the invention is prepared as follows:

Sodium lauryl sulfate powder 50 gProduct of the condensation of the fattyacids of copra with the sodium isethionatesold under the trade name "Hostapon K.A." 41 g2-(2,4-dichlorobenzylthio) ethylammoniumpropionate 8 gPerfume 1 g

After shampooing and drying, the hair is wound on curlers and is impregnated with the above composition. The composition is allowed to act for 15 to 30 minutes. Thereafter, the hair is thoroughly rinsed and there is then applied to the hair a neutralizing composition comprising a 6-volume hydrogen peroxide solution. The curlers are removed and the hair is rinsed and dried. The hair thus permanently waved in accordance with this invention exhibited a nonoily appearance for a significantly longer time than did the hair when permanently waved using essentially the same cosmetic composition but without the 5-amino 3-thia hexanedioic acid.

Proceeding as in Example 93, the above composition is applied to pre-shampooed and dried oily hair in the first stage of the permanent waving operation. Thereafter the hair is neutralized essentially as described above and a permanent wave of good quality is obtained. As before, the hair permanently waved in accordance with this invention exhibited a non-oily appearance for a significantly longer period of time than did the hair when permanently waved using essentially the same cosmetic composition but without the 3-(4-carboxy butylthio) alanine.

EXAMPLE 95

The first stage, i.e., the reducing stage, of a permanent wave operation is achieved essentially as set forth in Example 93 but with a cosmetic composition containing:

After rinsing, the curlers are removed and the hair is then dried. A good permanent wave is obtained and the hair remained non-oily in appearance for a significantly longer time than did the hair when permanently waved using a cosmetic composition essentially as described above but without any 3-(carboxy methylthio) alanine.

EXAMPLE 96

To give a permanent to hair with an oily appearance, a one stage permanent wave solution having the following composition is prepared:

After the hair has been shampooed and dried, each lock is impregnated with said solution and is then wound on curlers with a medium diameter. When the rolling has been completed, all the locks are saturated with the same solution and the head is covered with a cap. The solution is permitted to remain on the hair for a period of about 20-25 minutes. The hair is then carefully and abundantly rinsed in lukewarm water. After the curlers are removed the hair is rinsed again. The permanent wave achieved is very pronounced and supple and the hair remained non-oily in appearance for a significantly longer time than did the hair when permanently waved using essentially the same cosmetic composition but without the 5-p-toluene sulfonamido 3-thia hexanedioic acid.

Immediately prior to initiating the first stage of the permanent waving operation, i.e., the reducing stage, the powdered S-(β-aminopropyl) mercapto acetic acid is dissolved in the aqueous solution constituting the first package.

The hair, wound on the curlers, is then impregnated with the resulting solution and by the method outlined in Example 93 is repeated. A permanent wave is obtained which exhibits good holding characteristics and the hair remained non-oily in appearance for a significantly longer time than did the hair when permanently waved using essentially the same reducing composition but without the S-(β-aminopropyl) mercapto acetic acid.

EXAMPLE 98

The first stage, i.e., the reducing stage, of a permanent waving operation is performed with a reducing composition containing:

Immediately prior to initiating the second stage of the permanent waving operation, i.e., the neutralizing stage, the powdered 3-(2-pyridyl methylthio) alanine is dissolved in the hydrogen peroxide solution and the hair previously treated with the above reducing agent, being soft and pliable and still wound on curlers, is treated with the resulting neutralizing solution for a time sufficient to reform the disulphide bonds in the keratin of the hair.

After the hair has been rinsed, unwound from the curlers, and dried, a permanent wave is obtained which exhibits good holding characteristics. Equally important, however, is that the hair remained non-oily in appearance for a significantly longer time than did the hair when permanently waved using essentially the same neutralizing composition but without the 3-(2-pyridyl-methylthio) alanine.

EXAMPLE 99

The first stage, i.e., the reducing stage, to obtain a permanent wave in oily hair is performed, after shampooing the hair, with a two-package reducing composition wherein the first package contains:

The contents of the second package are dissolved in the aqueous reducing agent of the first package. Thereafter the method outlined in Example 97 is repeated. An equally good permanent wave is obtained with comparable non-oily appearance characteristics.

EXAMPLE 100

By proceeding as indicated in Example 98, the second stage of a permanent wave operation is performed for oily hair with a two-package neutralizing composition. The first package contains:

The contents of the packages are mixed just before the second stage operation is initiated. The resulting permanently waved hair exhibits non-oily appearance characteristics comparable to that achieved when the method of Example 98 was followed.

The methods outlined in Examples 93-100 are repeated using in certain instances, other compounds enumerated above, in the reducing composition, and in other instances in the neutralizing composition and in amounts essentially equivalent to those specified in Examples 93-100.

After shampooing and drying, the hair is wound on curlers and is impregnated with the above composition. The composition is allowed to act for 15 to 30 minutes. Thereafter, the hair is thoroughly rinsed and there is then applied to the hair a neutralizing composition comprising a 6-volume hydrogen peroxide solution. The curlers are removed and the hair is rinsed and dried. The hair thus permanently waved in accordance with this invention exhibited a non-oily appearance for a significantly longer time than did the hair when permanently waved using essentially the same cosmetic composition but without the above active compound.

5. Miscellaneous Carriers

EXAMPLE 102

A composition for treating the scalp to reduce excessive secretion of sebum is made by homogenizing 1.5% by weight of 3-tritylthio alanine and 0.1% of perfume in olive oil.

EXAMPLE 103

A composition according to the invention is prepared by mixing together:

3-benzylthio 2-butyramido alanine 1.8 gOlive oil, q.s.p. 100 g

EXAMPLE 104

A 5% by weight solution of magnesium stearate in isopropyl myristate is prepared at a temperature of 120 to 130°C. 2% by weight of 3-(3,4-methylenedioxy benzylthio) alanine is added at the same temperature, and the composition is then rapidly cooled to room temperature. A composition in accordance with the invention is thus obtained as an opaque gel.

EXAMPLE 105

A dermatological cake is prepared by mixing the following ingredients:

A dermatological cake is prepared which is identical to the one described in Example 105 except that the 3-carboxymethylthio alanine is replaced by di-(2-benzylthio ethylammonium) fumarate.

EXAMPLE 107

A dermatological cake is prepared which is identical to the one described in Example 105 except that the 3-carboxymethylthio alanine is replaced by 3-benzylthio propylammonium p-aminobenzoate.

EXAMPLE 108

A dermatological cake is prepared which is identical to the one described in Example 105 except that the 3-carboxymethylthio alanine is replaced by 2-benzylthio ethylammonium pantothenate.

In the above examples, the active compound is present generally in amounts ranging from about 0.1-5 weight percent of the total composition. When the carrier is an aqueous alcohol solution, the alcohol employed generally is a lower alkanol having about 1-4 carbon atoms, the alcohol being present in amounts of about 20 to 70 weight percent of the solution. These same lower alkanols of course can be used without water when desired.

In the examples where a detergent is employed in the composition, detergents such as cationic detergents, for instance lauryldimethylbenzyl-ammonium chloride, stearyldimethylbenzyl-ammonium chloride, anionic detergents such as sodium lauryl sulphate and nonionic detergents such as sorbitan monolaurate can be used.

A typical example of a shampoo contains 7% by weight stearyldimethylbenzyl-ammonium chloride, 2% 2-propionamido 4-thia heptanedioic acid, 93% water plus a perfume and coloring agent, if desired. The shampoo is then applied to the scalp in the manner one would apply any other shampoo. That is to say the hair is rinsed with water, the shampoo is applied and rubbed into the hair and scalp, then the hair is rinsed with water to remove the shampoo. Preferably this is followed by a second shampoo washing.

Other detergents usefully employed include: anionic detergents such as: alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl polyether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, in which the alkyl groups have 8 to 18 carbon atoms, sulfated monoglycerides, sulfonated monoglycerides, sulfated alkanolamides, sulfonated alkanolamides, soaps of fatty acids, monosulfosuccinates of fatty alcohols, the products of the condensation of fatty acids with methyl-taurine, the products of the condensation of fatty acids with sarcosine, the products of the condensation of fatty acids with a protein hydrolysate; cationic detergents such as long chain quaternary ammonium esters of fatty acids and of amine alcohols, polyether amines, non-ionic detergents such as: the esters of polyols and sugars, the products of the condensation of ethylene oxide with fatty acids, fatty alcohols, long chain alkyl phenyls, long chain mercaptans, and long chain amides, the polyethers of polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols: or amphoteric detergents such as asparagine derivatives, the products of the condensation of monochloroacetic acid and imadazolines, and alkyl aminopropionates.

Among the non-ionic detergents which can be utilized are:

lauryl alcohol oxyethylenated with 12 moles of ethylene oxide;

C12 thiols oxyethylenated with 12 moles of ethylene oxide.

Among the cationic detergents which can be utilized are:

lauryl benzyl dimethyl ammonium bromide or chloride;

cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;

myristil benzyl dimethyl ammonium bromide or chloride;

cetyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium bromide or chloride.

Among the amphoteric detergents which can be utilized are:

lauryl aminopropionate of a radical derived from copra fatty acids;

alkyl dimethyl betaine;

compounds of formula: ##EQU37## in which R is a radical derived from copra fatty acids having 6-18 carbon atoms and an alkyl derived from tallow.

The shampoos according to the invention generally contain from 0.5 to 5%, and preferably 1 to 3% by weight of the said active compound. They also contain, for example, from 4 to 15%, and preferably from 5 to 7% by weight of the detergent compound in an aqueous medium.

The shampoos according to the invention may also contain other conventional cosmetic ingredients, such as perfumes and hair dyes. They can also contain thickening agents such as the alkanolamides of fatty acids, cellulose derivatives (carboxymethylcellulose, and hydroxymethylcellulose, for example), esters of long chain polyols, and natural gums so as to take the form of a cream or gel.

The shampoos according to the invention may also take the form of a powder adapted to be applied to moistened hair, or to be dissolved in a certain volume of water before being used to wash the hair.

When the novel compositions of this invention include a cosmetic resin in combination with the active compound to provide a hair setting lotion or lacquer, useable cosmetic resins employed include, for instance, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (M.W. 40.000) and generally between 10,000-70,000; polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer 70%: 30% to 30%:70% (K ethanol 1% 25-50); copolymer of vinyl acetate and an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as crotonic acid (M.W. 20.000); copolymer resulting from the polymerization of vinyl acetate (75-85%), crotonic acid 5-15% and an acrylic or methacrylic ester (5-15%), copolymer resulting from the copolymerization of vinyl acetate (75-85%), crotonic acid (5-15%) and vinyl alkyl ether (5-15%); copolymer resulting from the copolymerization of vinyl acetate (63-88%), crotonic acid (5-15%) and (a) a vinyl ester of a long carbon-chain acid having 10 to 22 carbon atoms or (b) an allyl or methally ester of a long carbon-chain acid having 10 to 22 carbon atoms (5-25%); copolymers resulting from the copolymerization of an ester derived from an unsaturated alcohol having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and a short chain carboxylic acid having 2 to 5 carbon atoms (65-80%) and a short carbon-chain unsaturated acid having 4 to 20 carbon atoms (7-12%) and at least one ester derived from a short chain saturated alcohol having 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an unsaturated acid having 4 to 20 carbon atoms (10-20%). The resin concentration generally ranges between about 1-20% by weight of the composition.

In a particular mode of operation, the cosmetic resins contained in the compositions according to the invention may present lateral or branch chains, at the end of which a thiol function is located.

The cosmetic resins contained in the compositions according to the invention may also consist of colored polymers, i.e., polymers containing in their macromolecular chain coloring nuclei which give a particular coloration or shade to the hair.

As indicated above, the novel compositions of this invention are employed as oxidizing or reducing agents in processes for permanently waving hair.

In one embodiment, the hair is permanently waved by applying to the hair wound on curlers during the first stage, i.e., during the reducing stage, a cosmetic composition comprising a mixture of a reducing agent and the active compound of this invention, defined above, permitting the composition to remain on the hair for a time sufficient to alter the disulphide bonds of the keratin of the hair, generally about 10 to 40 minutes, thoroughly rinsing the hair to remove residual reducing agent and applying in the second stage, i.e., during the neutralization stage, an oxidizing or neutralizing agent to reform the disulphide bonds of the keratin of the hair.

In another embodiment, the hair is permanently waved by applying to the hair wound on curlers during the first stage, i.e., during the reducing stage, a reducing agent, permitting the composition to remain on the hair for a time sufficient to alter the disulphide bonds of the keratin of the hair, generally about 10 to 40 minutes, thoroughly rinsing the hair to remove residual reducing agent and applying in the second stage, i.e., during the neutralization stage, a cosmetic composition comprising a mixture of an oxidizing or neutralizing agent and the active compound of this invention whereby the disulphide bonds of the keratin of the hair are reformed.

In yet another embodiment the hair is permanently waved by impregnating the hair wound on curlers with a cosmetic composition comprising a mixture of a thiol reducing agent for altering the disulphide bonds of the keratin of the hair, an organic disulphide and the active compound as hereinbefore defined, the molar ratio of said organic disulphide to said thiol being greater than 1, and as high as about 20, permitting the composition to remain on the hair for a time sufficient to induce a permanent wave therein, generally about 10 to 40 minutes, and unwinding the hair from the curlers. Conventional separate neutralization operations are not required in the practice of this embodiment of the invention.

The aforementioned active compounds used in these embodiments is admixed with a conventional reducing agent and is present in the resulting mixture in amounts between 0.1-5% by weight of the total and preferably between 1 and 3 weight percent. The pH of this cosmetic composition is preferably between 3 and 9.5. Conventional reducing agents employed are advantageously those organic thiols which are generally used to perform the first stage of a permanent waving operation. Representative thiols include thioglycolic acid, ammonium thioglycolate, thioglycerol, thiolactic acid, thioglycolic amide or hydrazide or the like.

Conveniently, and also in accordance with the present invention, the reducing composition is a two-package composition, the first package containing a thiol reducing agent as described above and the second package containing said active compound in amounts such that when the contents of two packages are mixed together, preferably just before initiation of the reducing operation, the resulting reducing composition contains said active compound in amounts of about 0.1-5 weight percent of the total mixture.

Alternatively, the active compound is admixed with a conventional neutralizing or oxidizing agent and is present in the resulting mixture in amounts between 0.1 and 5 weight percent, and preferably between about 1 and 3 weight percent of the total. Conventional neutralizing agents employed include, for instance, hydrogen peroxide, sodium or potassium bromate, sodium perborate or percarbonate and the like.

Conveniently also, the neutralizing composition is a two-package composition, the first package containing the neutralizing agent as described above and the second package containing the active compound in amounts such that when the contents of the two packages are mixed together, preferably just before initiation of the neutralizing operation, the resulting neutralizing composition contains the active compound in amounts of about 0.1-5 weight percent of the total mixture.

As a further alternative, the active compound is admixed with a single stage permanent hair waving agent, and is present in the resulting mixture in amounts between 0.1-5 weight percent, and preferably, between about 1 and 3 weight percent of the total. Conventional single stage permanent hair waving agents can be employed and include a mixture of an organic disulfide and a thiol, the mol ratio of the disulfide to the thiol being greater than 1.

As the organic disulphides there can be used the disulphides of the thiols set forth in the preceding paragraph. For instance, glycol dithiodiglycolate, glycerol dithiodiglycolate, glycol dithiodilactate, dithiodiethanol and N-carboxymethyldithioacetamide can be employed. Additional ingredients can include ammonia, water, urea and lower alkanols in conventionally employed amounts and the pH of the single stage permanent hair waving agent ranges between about 8-10, preferably about 8.5-9.5. Typical formulations of such single stage permanent hair waving agents are disclosed in French Pat. Nos. 1,443,888 and 1,455,788.

Again, conveniently, the single stage permanent hair waving composition is a two-package composition, the first package containing the single stage permanent hair waving agent and the second package containing the active compound of this invention as defined above, in amounts such that when the contents of the two packages are mixed together, preferably just before use, the resulting permanent hair waving composition contains the active compound in amounts of about 0.1-5 weight percent of the total mixture.

C. New Active Compounds Employed In The Composition And Method Of This Invention

While a significant number of the thioethers described herein and employed as the active compound in the composition and method of this invention are already known to the art, nonetheless, the present invention also provides some new thioethers which function in the same manner.

In Table I below are listed novel cysteine derivatives the method by which they can be prepared referring to section A herein, as well as representative compositions in which they are included for topical application to humans having a scalp or skin characterized by excessive secretion of sebum, to reduce said excessive secretion so as to improve the condition thereof.

Table II, below, lists active compounds which are cysteamine derivatives and which are usefully employed in the present invention. Table II identifies the general method by which the active compounds are prepared in accordance with Methods I--VIII disclosed hereinbefore, as well as representative compositions in which they are included for topical application to humans having a scalp or skin characterized by excessive secretion of sebum to reduce said excessive secretion so as to improve the condition thereof.