GB 34660-2017
Road vehicles - Requirements and test methods of electromagnetic compatibility
ICS 43.040.10
T36
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Road vehicles electromagnetic compatibility requirements and test methods
Roadvehicles-Requirementsandtestmethodsof
Electromagneticcompatibility
Published on.2017-11-01
2018-01-01 Implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
China National Standardization Administration released
Directory
Preface I
1 Range 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 Request 2
5 Test method 7
6 Type inspection 16
7 Product Conformance 17
Appendix A (informative) Appraisal of the applicability of standards to ESA 18
Appendix B (Informative) Alternative Test Methods for Electromagnetic Emissions Test 19
Foreword
All technical contents except 5.2.3, 5.3.4, 5.4.1.3, 5.5.4 and 5.6.5 of this standard are mandatory.
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
Suggestions on the implementation date of the standard.
1) The new model car will be implemented 24 months after the standard implementation date.
2) In the production vehicle, it will be implemented 36 months after the standard implementation date.
This standard was proposed and managed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.
This standard was drafted by. China Automotive Technology and Research Center, Changchun Automobile Testing Center, Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive Co., Ltd., China Electronics Technology
Institute of Standardization, Xiangyang Daan Automobile Testing Center, Suzhou Taisite Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Electric Apparatus Research Institute, Shanghai Auto
Vehicle Group Co., Ltd. Technical Center, Shaanxi Heavy Vehicle Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co., Ltd., Shanghai Automotive Commercial Vehicles
Technical Center, SAIC-GM-Wuling Automotive Co., Ltd., Brilliance Automotive Group Holding Co., Ltd., and Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center Co., Ltd.
Huachen Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Co., Ltd., China First Automobile Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Hangsheng Electric Power Co., Ltd.
Subsidiary company, FAW-Volkswagen Automotive Co., Ltd., Chery Automobile Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Automobile Honda Automobile Co., Ltd.
Participated in the drafting of this standard. Yanfeng Visteon Electronic Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Denso (China) Investment Co., Ltd., China Automotive
Manufacturing (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Bosch Automotive Components (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Toyota Motor Technology Center (China) Co., Ltd., BMW (China)
Service Co., Ltd., Mercedes-Benz (China) Automobile Sales Co., Ltd., Volkswagen (China) Investment Co., Ltd., BMW (China) Service Co., Ltd.
Co., Ltd., Ford Motors (China) Co., Ltd., Jaguar Land Rover China.
The main drafters of this standard. Xu Xiuxiang, Ding Yifu, Lin Yanping, Liu Xinliang, Cui Qiang, Liu Ketao, Sun Chengming, Liu Yuan, Ma Fangchi, Dong Hai,
Lu Changjun, Qian Xiaohua, Cui Weidong, Deng Fuqi, Liu Yingli, Xiang Yunxiu, Li Lijuan, Wang Yihai, Ma Xilai, Wu Dingchao, Qin Feng, Wang Wei, Jia Yi,
Li Yu.
Road vehicles electromagnetic compatibility requirements and test methods
1 Scope
This standard specifies the electromagnetic emission limits, immunity performance and test methods for vehicles and their electrical/electronic components.
This standard applies to M, N, L vehicles and their electrical/electronic components. O class and other vehicles can refer to the implementation.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article
Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 6113.104-2008 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring equipment and methods of measurement Part 1-4. Radio disturbance
And Immunity Measurement Equipment Auxiliary Equipment Radiation Harm
GB/T 18655-2010 Vehicle, ship and internal combustion engine radio disturbance characteristics for protection of limits and measurements of vehicle receivers
method
GB/T 21437.2-2008 Electrical disturbances caused by conduction and coupling on road vehicles Part 2. Electrical transients along power lines
Conductivity
GB/T 29259 Road Vehicle Electromagnetic Compatibility Terminology
GB/T 33012.1-2016 Road vehicles Vehicles - Test methods for immunity to narrowband radiant electromagnetic energy - Part 1. General
Regulations
GB/T 33012.2-2016 Road vehicle vehicles - Test methods for immunity to narrowband radiant electromagnetic energy - Part 2. Outer spokes
Source method
GB/T 33012.4-2016 Road vehicles Vehicles - Test methods for immunity to narrowband radiant electromagnetic energy - Part 4. High currents
Injection method
GB/T 33014.1-2016 Test method for immunity to narrow-band radiated electromagnetic energy on road vehicles electrical/electronic components Part 1
Points. General rules
GB/T 33014.2-2016 Part 2 of test methods for immunity to narrow-band radiated electromagnetic energy in electrical/electronic components of road vehicles
Points. Electric wave darkroom method
GB/T 33014.3-2016 Test method for immunity to narrow-band radiated electromagnetic energy for road vehicles on electrical/electronic components Part 3
Points. Transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell method
GB/T 33014.4-2016 Part 4. Test methods for immunity to narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy in electrical/electronic components of road vehicles
Points. Large current injection (BCI) method
GB/T 33014.5-2016 Test method for immunity to narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy on road vehicles electrical/electronic components Part 5
Points. stripline method
CISPR12.2005 Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of vehicles, boats and devices driven by internal combustion engines
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 29259 and the following apply to this document.
3.1
Electrical/Electronic Components electrical/electronicsub-assembly,ESA
An electrical/electronic device or component that has an associated electrical connection that enables one or more of the specified functions.
3.2
Vehicle harness vehiclewiringharness
Vehicle-mounted power cables, bus systems (eg CAN) cables, signals or active antenna cables.
3.3
Immunity related functions
Refers to several functions that affect the safety and the normal operation of the power system after harassment, including the following functions.
a) Direct control of the relevant functions of the vehicle, examples are as follows.
--- Reduced or changed performance of some equipment (eg engine, transmission, brake, suspension, power steering, speed limit)
Device);
---Influence of the driver's position (eg seat or steering wheel positioning);
---Impact the driver's vision (eg low beam, wiper).
b) Protect the relevant functions of drivers, passengers and other road users, such as airbags and safety restraint systems.
c) related functions that cause the driver or other road user to misjudgment after being harassed.
--- Visual signals. Misoperations such as turn signals, brake lights, marker lamps, rear position lights, hazard warning light indicators, etc.
The error message of a warning indicator, signal, or display that acquainted with the a) or b) function may be directly observed by the pilot.
---Sound signals. such as anti-theft alarms, horns and other malfunctions.
d) The related functions of the vehicle data bus, such as the transmission of data affecting the safety functions of the nodes.
e) related functions such as speedometer, odometer, and tachograph that affect the vehicle's important instructions and record data after being harassed.
4 Requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 The design, manufacture and installation of the vehicle and its ESA shall enable the vehicle to meet the requirements of this standard under normal conditions of use.
4.1.2 Vehicles shall conduct radiated emission and radiated immunity tests. ESA should perform radiated and conducted emission tests, as well as radiation and conducted immunity
test.
Before the test, the testing organization and the manufacturer shall jointly formulate a test plan. The plan includes at least the operational status, incentive function, and monitoring of the tested equipment.
Control functions, decision criteria, and intentional launches.
4.2 Vehicle Broadband Electromagnetic Emission Limit
4.2.1 If the 10m test is used, the radiated emission limits are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1.
Table 1 Vehicle broadband electromagnetic emission limit (10m method)
Frequency band, f/
MHz
30~75 75~400 400~1000
Emission limit, E/
(dBμV/m)
32 32 15.13lg(f/75) 43
Note. In the 75MHz~400MHz frequency range, the limit increases linearly with the logarithm of the frequency.
Vehicle broadband electromagnetic radiation emission limit -10m
Quasi-peak detector - bandwidth 120kHz
f/MHz (logarithmic coordinates)
Fig. 1 Vehicle broadband electromagnetic radiation emission limit (10m method)
4.2.2 If the 3m test is used, the radiated emission limits are shown in Table 2 and Figure 2.
Table 2 Vehicle broadband electromagnetic emission limit (3m method)
Frequency band, f/
MHz
30~75 75~400 400~1000
Emission limit, E/(dBμV/m) 42 42 15.13lg(f/75) 53
Note. In the 75MHz~400MHz frequency range, the limit increases linearly with the logarithm of the frequency.
Vehicle broadband electromagnetic radiation emission limit -3m
Quasi-peak detector - bandwidth 120kHz
f/MHz (logarithmic coordinates)
Figure 2 Vehicle broadband electromagnetic emission limit (3m method)
4.3 Narrowband Electromagnetic Emission Limits for Vehicles
4.3.1 If the 10m test is used, the emission limits are shown in Table 3 and Figure 3.
Table 3 Vehicle Narrowband Electromagnetic Emission Limits (10m Method)
Frequency band, f/
MHz
30~75 75~400 400~1000
Emission limit, E/
(dBμV/m)
22 22 15.13lg(f/75) 33
Note. In the 75MHz~400MHz frequency range, the limit increases linearly with the logarithm of the frequency.
Narrowband electromagnetic radiation emission limit for vehicles -10m
Average Detector - Bandwidth 120kHz
f/MHz (logarithmic coordinates)
Fig. 3 Narrow-band electromagnetic radiation emission limit (10m method)
4.3.2 If the 3m test is used, the radiated emission limits are shown in Table 4 and Figure 4.
Table 4 Limit emission limits of vehicle electromagnetic radiation (3m method)
Frequency band, f/
MHz
30~75 75~400 400~1000
Emission limit, E/
(dBμV/m)
32 32 15.13lg(f/75) 43
Note. In the 75MHz~400MHz frequency range, the limit increases linearly with the logarithm of the frequency.
Narrowband electromagnetic radiation emission limit for vehicles - 3m
Average Detector - Bandwidth 120kHz
f/MHz (logarithmic coordinates)
Figure 4 Vehicle Narrowband Electromagnetic Emission Limit (3m Method)
4.3.3 Measure the width of the vehicle's broadcast antenna port by using the average detector (120 kHz bandwidth) in the frequency band from 76 MHz to 108 MHz.
The signal strength is less than 20dBμV, which can be regarded as the vehicle meets the narrow band electromagnetic radiation emission limit, and no further tests are required.
4.4 Vehicle immunity to electromagnetic radiation
The field strength should be 30V/m (rms value) in the 90% frequency band from 20MHz to.2000MHz, and the field strength in other remaining frequency bands.
Should not be less than 25V/m (rms value). In the process of anti-interference test, the vehicle should not exhibit performance degradation of the anti-jamming function.
Failure criteria are shown in Table 9.
4.5 ESA Broadband Electromagnetic Emission Limits
The ESA broadband radiation emission limits are shown in Table 5 and Figure 5.
Table 5 ESA Broadband Electromagnetic Emission Limits
Frequency band, f/
MHz
30~75 75~400 400~1000
Emission limit, E/
(dBμV/m)
62-25.13lg(f/30) 52 15.13lg(f/75) 63
Note. In the frequency range of 30MHz~75MHz, the limit value decreases linearly with the logarithm of the frequency; within the frequency range of 75MHz~400MHz, the limit value
Logarithmically increases with the logarithm of the frequency.
ESA Broadband Electromagnetic Emission Limit -1m
Quasi-peak detector - bandwidth 120kHz
f/MHz (logarithmic coordinates)
Figure 5 ESA Broadband Electromagnetic Emission Limits
4.6 ESA Narrowband Electromagnetic Emission Limits
The ESA narrowband electromagnetic radiation emission limits are shown in Table 6 and Figure 6.
Table 6 ESA narrow-band electromagnetic radiation emission limits
Frequency band, f/
MHz
30~75 75~400 400~1000
Emission limit, E/
(dBμV/m)
52-25.13lg(f/30) 42 15.13lg(f/75) 53
Note. In the frequency range of 30MHz~75MHz, the limit value decreases linearly with the logarithm of the frequency; within the frequency range of 75MHz~400MHz, the limit value
Logarithmically increases with the logarithm of the frequency.
ESA narrowband electromagnetic radiation emission limits -1m
Average Detector - Bandwidth 120kHz
f/MHz (logarithmic coordinates)
Figure 6 ESA narrowband electromagnetic radiation emission limits
4.7 Anti-interference performance of ESA on electromagnetic radiation
In the 90% frequency band from 20MHz to.2000MHz, the strength of the anti-interference test (root mean square value) should be.
--- 150mm stripline method is 60V/m;
--- 800mm stripline method is 15V/m;
---TEM chamber method is 75V/m;
--- Large current injection (BCI) method is 60mA;
--- The electric wave darkroom method is 30V/m.
The strength of the anti-interference test (root mean square value) in the other remaining frequency bands is.
--- 150mm stripline method should not be less than 50V/m;
--- 800mm stripline method should not be less than 12.5V/m;
---TEM chamber method should not be less than 62.5V/m;
--- Large current injection (BCI) method should not be less than 50mA;
--- The anechoic chamber method should not be less than 25V/m.
Tests using any of the above methods or combination methods, ESA should not appear to have reduced performance.
4.8 Immunity Performance of ESA for Transient Conduction along Power Lines
The level of immunity and the functional status requirements of the ESA for transient disturbances conducted along the power line should at least meet the requirements of Table 7. Test etc.
Level and system function status are defined in Appendix A of GB/T 21437.2-2008.
Table 7 Immunity performance of ESA against transient conduction along the power line
Test pulse immunity test rating system functional status
1 III C
2a III B
2b III C
3a/3b III A
4 III
B (ESA must be running during engine start-up)
C (other ESA)
4.9 ESA Transient Conduction Emission Limit
The transient conduction emission pulse limit generated by ESA shall meet the requirements of Table 8.
Table 8 ESA Transient Conduction Emission Pulse Limits
Pulse Polarity 12V System Vehicle 24V System Vehicle
Positive 75V 150V
Negative -100V -450V
4.10 Supplementary provisions
4.10.1 Vehicles
4.10.1.1 If the vehicle is not fitted with an ESA with immunity-related functions, a radiation immunity test is not required and can be regarded as meeting the requirements of 4.4.
4.10.1.2 If the vehicle does not contain an electronic oscillation generator with an operating frequency greater than 9kHz, no narrow-band electromagnetic radiation emission test is required.
It is considered that it meets the requirements of 4.3.
4.10.2 Electrical/Electronic Components (ESA)
4.10.2.1 Consider the ESA for electromagnetic compatibility. Refer to Appendix A for the determination method.
4.10.2.2 If the ESA does not contain an electronic oscillation generator with an operating frequency greater than 9 kHz, no narrow band electromagnetic emission test is required.
It is deemed that it meets the requirements of 4.6.
4.10.2.3 ESA without state switching, switching type, and inductive load, without the need for transient conduction emission test, may be regarded as
Meet the 4.9 requirements.
4.10.2.4 ESA radiation and conducted immunity performance specified in 4.7 and 4.8, only for ESA related to immunity-related functions, other
The ESA may refer to execution or be negotiated by both the supplier and the buyer.
4.10.3 Other instructions
4.10.3.1 During the immunity test, when the applied interference signal is within the necessary bandwidth of the vehicle receiver, that is, specified in the national standard.
Within the frequency band of the fixed radio equipment, the function determination of the receiver does not need to follow the failure criterion.
4.10.3.2 Radio frequency transmitters shall be tested in transmission mode. Does not consider intentional emissions within the necessary bandwidth (e.g. transmission of radio frequency transmission systems)
And out-of-band emissions. Spurious emissions need to be tested.
Note 1. "Required bandwidth" refers to the bandwidth required for the specified transmission class to meet the required rate and quality of information transmission under specified conditions.
NOTE 2 “Out-of-band emission” is the emission of one or more frequencies just beyond the necessary bandwidth that results from the modulation process, with the exception of spurious emissions.
NOTE 3. "Spurious emission" is the emission of one or more frequencies other than the necessary bandwidth and the level of its emission can be reduced without affecting the transmission of the corresponding information. miscellaneous
Scattered emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products, and frequency conversion products, with the exception of out-of-band emissions.
5 test methods
5.1 General requirements
Vehicle broadband and narrow-band electromagnetic radiation emission tests shall be conducted using the 10m method or the 3m method. The broadband emission test shall use quasi-peak or
The peak detector is tested. If a peak detector is used, the correction factor of 20dB as specified by CISPR12.2005 shall be used to correct it.
For the method of determining conformity, see Figure 1) of CISPR12.2005.
5.2 Vehicle Broadband Electromagnetic Emissions Test
5.2.1 General
This method is used to test the broadband emissions generated by the vehicle's electrical or electronic systems (such as ignition systems or motors), if not otherwise specified,
In the entire frequency range of 30MHz to 1000MHz, the method specified in Chapter 5 of CISPR 12.2005 shall be followed.
5.2.2 Vehicle Status
5.2.2.1 Engine
The engine should be running.
5.2.2.2 Other Vehicle Systems
All equipment (such as wiper motors and cooling fans) that work long hours and can generate broadband emissions should be turned on to operate at maximum load
State, except for devices that work for a short time (such as speakers and glass lifter motors).
5.2.3 Alternative Test Methods
If the vehicle manufacturer can provide full-band test data tested by an authorized testing agency, alternative test methods can be used to reduce the test
The number of frequency points, see Appendix B for details.
5.2.4 Data Processing and Analysis
The antenna is located on the left and right sides of the vehicle with horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, respectively, at the maximum reading of 14 sub-bands (see B.1)
Record as the characteristic value of the measured frequency.
If the test results exceed the limit, analysis should be performed to ensure that the measured radiation emission is from the vehicle rather than background noise.
5.3 Vehicle Narrowband Electromagnetic Emissions Test
5.3.1 General
5.3.1.1 This method is used to test narrow-band electromagnetic emissions that may be generated by a microprocessor system or other narrow-band disturbance sources. Such as
Unless otherwise specified, in the range of 30 MHz to 1000 MHz, the method specified in Chapter 5 of CISPR 12.2005 shall be followed.
5.3.1.2 In the FM frequency band (76MHz~108MHz), using the average detection method according to the method specified in GB/T 18655-2010
The emission level measured by the vehicle at the vehicle's broadcast antenna port meets the requirements of 4.3, and the vehicle does not need to perform full-band narrow-band electromagnetic radiation emission.
test.
5.3.2 Vehicle Status
5.3.2.1 Turn on the ignition switch to "ON" state, the engine will not run.
5.3.2.2 The vehicle is stationary and all electrical and electronic systems should be in normal energized state.
5.3.2.3 All long-time operating devices with an internal oscillator greater than 9kHz or with a repetitive signal should be switched on for normal operation.
5.3.3 Test Requirements
The average detector should be used for testing.
5.3.4 Alternative Test Methods
If the vehicle manufacturer can provide full-band test data tested by an authorized testing agency, alternative test methods can be used to reduce the test
The number of frequency points, see Appendix B for details.
5.3.5 Data Processing and Analysis
The antenna is located on the left and right sides of the vehicle with horizontal polarization and vertical polarization at 14 sub-bands (see Appendix B.1)
It should be recorded as the characteristic value of the measured frequency.
If the test results exceed the limit, analysis should be performed to ensure that the measured radiation emission is from the vehicle rather than background noise.
5.4 Vehicle immunity to electromagnetic radiation
5.4.1 General
5.4.1.1 This method is used to test the electrical/electronic system immunity performance of the vehicle. The vehicle should be completely exposed to the electromagnetic field during the test
The vehicle should be monitored.
5.4.1.2 If there is no other requirement, it shall be conducted in accordance with the test method specified in GB/T 33012.2-2016.
5.4.1.3 Alternative methods may be selected. Vehicles are tested at an outdoor test site.
5.4.1.4 If the vehicle length is greater than 12m and/or the width is greater than 2.6m and/or the height is greater than 4m, the frequency is between 20MHz and.2000MHz.
Within the rate range, high current injection (BCI) methods can be used according to GB/T 33012.4-2016.
5.4.2 Vehicle Status
5.4.2.1 In addition to the necessary test equipment, the vehicle shall be unloaded.
5.4.2.2 The engine should operate normally with a speed of 50km/h. The stable speed of L1 and L2 vehicles should be 25km/h (if the vehicle
If it does not reach 25km/h, it will run at the maximum speed.) The vehicle should be placed on the dynamometer. If there is no dynamometer, it can be placed on the insulation support.
Above, and to ensure the smallest ground clearance. The drive shafts, belts or chains (eg trucks, two or three wheels) can be disconnected.
5.4.2.3 The basic test conditions for the disturbance immunity test of vehicles are shown in Table 9. Other systems that may affect the immunity-related functions of the vehicle
The test conditions (status) and failure criteria should be determined by the manufacturer and testing agency.
Table 9 Vehicle Disturbance Test Conditions and Failure Criteria
Vehicle test condition failure criteria
The speed is 50km/h ± 20% (25km/h ± L1 and L2)
20%) (driving drum). If the vehicle is equipped with a cruise control system,
Should make the system run
Speed change is greater than ±10% of speed
Low beam switch (Manual mode) Lamp goes out, AFS (if fitted) produces a malfunction
Front wipers open to full speed (Manual mode) The front wiper stops completely
The driver's side turn signal is turned on
Frequency change (below 0.75Hz or above 2.25Hz)
Change in duty cycle (below 25% or above 75%)
Adjustable suspension in normal position The range of change exceeds vehicle manufacturer's regulations
The driver's seat and steering wheel in the middle position change more than 10% of the total range
Alarm off alarm unexpectedly activated
Speaker off horn unexpectedly activate
Unexpected activation of driver-side airbags and safety restraint systems
Automatic door closed unexpectedly open
Adjustable retarder lever in normal position Unexpected activation
Braking condition. The operation of the brake pedal should be included (unless for technical reasons
Doing so), anti-lock braking system can not work
The brake light is off, the brake failure warning light (brake function failure), other
Unexpected activation
5.4.2.4 The functional systems related to vehicle immunity must be in normal operation.
--- All equipment for long-term work should be in normal working condition;
--- All other systems that affect the driver's control of the vehicle should be in normal operation.
5.4.2.5 If some of the electrical and electronic control systems do not work under the test of the vehicle, the manufacturer shall provide inspections issued by an authorized testing agency.
The report states that the system meets the requirements of this standard.
5.4.3 Reference point
The reference point for establishing the field strength should meet the following requirements.
a) The reference points for Type M and N vehicles shall be determined according to GB/T 33012.2-2016.
b) The L-type vehicle determines the reference point as follows.
--- The horizontal distance between the reference point and the phase center of the antenna is at least 2m or perpendicular to the radiating element of the transmission line system (TLS)
The distance between the antenna and the transmission line system should be more than 0.5m from the vehicle body surface.
--- The reference point is located on the vehicle centerline (vertical symmetry plane);
--- The reference point is located at (1.0 ± 0.05) m above the vehicle placement plane, or (2.0 ± 0.05) m (the minimum height at the top of the vehicle exceeds 3 m);
--- The tricycle reference point is located at (1.0 ± 0.2) m behind the vertical center line of the front wheel of the vehicle (see Figure 7);
--- The reference point of the two-wheel vehicle is (0.2 ± 0.2) m behind the vertical centerline of the front wheel of the vehicle (see Figure 8);
--- If radiation is applied to the rear of the vehicle, a reference point should be established as described above. Then place the vehicle away from the antenna (the vehicle is wound
The center point rotates 180 degrees horizontally), and the closest distance between the antenna and the exterior surface of the vehicle body remains unchanged. See Figure 9.
Figure 7 L Vehicle Reference Point (three-wheeled vehicle)
Figure 8 L Vehicle Reference Point (two-wheel vehicle)
Figure 9 L Vehicle Reference Point (Radiating the rear of the vehicle)
5.4.4 Test Requirements
The vehicle should be exposed to a vertically polarized electromagnetic radiation field in the frequency range of 20 MHz to.2000 MHz. If there is no other requirement, test
The test signal shall be modulated as follows.
a) AM (amplitude modulation). The applicable frequency range is from 20MHz to 800MHz, the modulation frequency is 1kHz, and the modulation depth is 80%;
b) PM (pulse modulation), applicable frequency range is 800MHz~2000MHz, pulse width is 577μs, period is 4600μs.
In the full frequency range of 20MHz~2000MHz, it should be tested according to the provisions of GB/T 33012.1-2016. If the manufacturer
It can provide full-band test data of authorized testing organizations, which can reduce the number of test frequency points, such as selecting 27MHz, 45MHz,
65MHz, 90MHz, 120MHz, 150MHz, 190MHz, 230MHz, 280MHz, 380MHz, 450MHz, 600MHz,
Tested at 750MHz, 900MHz, 1300MHz and 1800MHz.
If the vehicle fails to pass the test, it should be analyzed to ensure that the test results are not caused by non-test field strength.
5.4.5 Field strength calibration
5.4.5.1 The test site conditions shall be established in accordance with GB/T 33012.1-2016 using the “Alternative Law”.
5.4.5.2 When testing with the Transmission Line System (TLS) method, use a field strength probe at the vehicle reference point for calibration. Antenna test
When using the vehicle reference line, use four field strength probes for calibration.
5.4.5.3 When the vehicle is placed, the center line of the vehicle should be located at the vehicle reference point or reference line, and the vehicle should generally face a fixed antenna.
When the electronic control unit and its harness are mostly in the rear of the vehicle, the vehicle should be tested against the antenna.
For longer vehicles (excluding Class L, M1 and N1 vehicles), their electronic control units and associated harnesses are mostly located in the middle of the vehicle.
The reference point shall be determined on the left or right side of the vehicle. according to the distribution of the electronic system and the arrangement of the wiring harness, it may be the middle length of the vehicle.
Points or other points.
The antenna position should be indicated in the test report.
5.5 ESA Broadband Electromagnetic Emissions Test
5.5.1 General
This method is used to test broadband electromagnetic radiation emissions from ESAs (eg, ignition systems, motors, etc.). If no other regulations exist,
In the range of 30MHz~1000MHz, the method specified in GB/T 18655-2010 shall be followed.
5.5.2 ESA Status
According to the provisions of 4.4.1 of GB/T 18655-2010.
5.5.3 Test Site and Arrangement
5.5.3.1 shall be carried out in a screened room (ALSE) equipped with a microwave absorbing material as specified in 6.4 of IEC 60664-1. Open test
The field meets the requirements of GB/T 6113.104 and can also be conducted in the open test field. The test layout is shown in Figure 10.
5.5.3.2 To avoid the effects of environmental noise, environmental tests should be conducted before or after the test. In addition to intentional narrowband emissions, ambient noise
The signal should be at least 6 dB lower than the disturbance limit.
5.5.4 Alternative Test Methods
If the manufacturer can provide full-band test data tested by an authorized testing agency, alternative test methods can be used to reduce test frequency
The number of points, see Appendix B for details.
5.5.5 Data Analysis
If the test results exceed the limit, analysis should be performed to ensure that the measured interference is from ESA rather than background noise.
5.6 ESA Narrow Band Electromagnetic Emissions Test
5.6.1 General
This method is used to test the emission of narrow-band electromagnetic radiation generated by an ESA (for example, a microprocessor-based system). If no other instructions are given,
In the full frequency range of 30MHz~1000MHz, it should be carried out according to the method specified in GB/T 18655-2010.
5.6.2 ESA Status
The ESA should be in normal working condition.
5.6.3 Test Site and Arrangement
5.6.3.1 It shall be carried out in a screened room (ALSE) equipped with absorber materials as specified in 6.4 of IEC 60664-1. Open test
The field meets the requirements of GB/T 6113.104 and can also be conducted in the open test field. The test layout is shown in Figure 10.
5.6.3.2 To avoid the effects of outside noise, environmental tests should be conducted before or after the test. In addition to effective narrow-band environmental emissions, the outside world
The noise or signal should be at least 6 dB lower than the disturbance limit.
Figure 10 Open test site test layout
5.6.4 Test Requirements
The test should use an average detector.
5.6.5 Alternative Test Methods
If the manufacturer can provide full-band test data tested by an authorized testing agency, alternative test methods can be used to reduce test frequency
The number of points, see Appendix B for details.
5.6.6 Data Analysis
If the test results exceed the limit, analysis should be performed to ensure that the measured interference is from ESA rather than background noise.
5.7 ESA immunity to electromagnetic radiation
5.7.1 General
The ESA test can freely choose any of the following methods or combination methods in the frequency range of 20MHz~2000MHz.
Parts according to GB/T 33014.1-2016.
a) Anechoic chamber method. according to the provisions of GB/T 33014.2-2016;
b) Transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell method. according to the provisions of GB/T 33014.3-2016;
c) Large current injection (BCI) method. according to the provisions of GB/T 33014.4-2016;
d) 150mm stripline method. according to the provisions of GB/T 33014.5-2016;
e) 800mm stripline method. as specified in 5.7.4.5.
5.7.2 Status of the ESA
5.7.2.1 Test conditions shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 33014.1-2016.
5.7.2.2 The ESA shall be in normal working condition and shall be arranged in accordance with the provisions of this standard, except for special test methods.
5.7.2.3 At the time of calibration, all auxiliary equipment required for ESA operation shall not be placed in the test position, and the distance between other equipment and the reference point
Must not be less than 1m.
5.7.2.4 To ensure the reproducibility of the test results, the signal generation equipment and circuit configuration shall be the same as the calibration time.
5.7.2.5 If the ESA contains multiple units, the connection lines between the units shall use the wiring harness used on the original vehicle, if not, electronic
The length of the connection line between the control unit and the artificial power network (AN) shall comply with the provisions of this standard. Harness should be terminated according to actual conditions and should be
Real loads and incentives.
5.7.3 General Test Requirements
5.7.3.1 It shall be performed within the frequency range of 20MHz~2000MHz. The frequency step shall be in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 33014.1-2016. Such as
Without other regulations, the modulation of the test signal should satisfy.
a) AM (Amplitude Modulation). The applicable frequency range is from 20MHz to 800MHz, the modulation frequency is 1kHz, and the modulation depth is 80%;
b) Pulse modulation (PM). The applicable frequency range is from 800MHz to.2000MHz, the pulse width is 577μs, and the period is 4600μs.
5.7.3.2 The test shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 33014.1-2016 in the full frequency range of 20 MHz to.2000 MHz. If manufacturing
The company can provide full-band test data of authorized testing organizations, which can reduce the number of test frequency points, such as selecting 27MHz, 45MHz,
65MHz, 90MHz, 120MHz, 150MHz, 190MHz, 230MHz, 280MHz, 380MHz, 450MHz, 600MHz,
Tested at 750MHz, 900MHz, 1300MHz and 1800MHz.
If the ESA fails the test, the cause should be investigated to ensure that the test results are not caused by non-test field strength.
5.7.4 Specific test requirements
5.7.4.1 Electromagnetic wave darkroom method
The test site shall be built using the “Alternative Method” according to GB/T 33014.2-2016, and the ESA shall be exposed to electricity generated by the antenna under vertical polarization.
Magnetic field radiation immunity test.
5.7.4.2 TEM Chambers
Should be carried out according to the provisions of GB/T 33014.3-2016. Depending on the ESA, you can choose to couple the maximum radiation field to the TEM
Indoor ESA or wiring harness.
The typical parameters of TEM cell size are shown in Table A.1 of GB/T 33014.3-2016, where the column of upper limit frequency.200MHz is zero for cars.
Typical parameters for component testing.
5.7.4.3 Large current injection method
It shall be in accordance with GB/T 33014.4-2016 (Test method for immunity to narrow-band radiated electromagnetic energy on road vehicles electrical/electronic components No. 4
Part. BCI method) Perform a noise immunity test on the test bench, and use the current injection probe to directly sense the current to the connection line
Beam, or according to GB/T 33014.4-2016 (Robustness test methods for narrow-band radiant electromagnetic energy on road vehicles - Part 4. Large
The current injection method) tests the ESA installed on the vehicle. Injection probe should be 150mm from the ESA connector, frequency
The range depends on the specifications of the injected probe and the injected power is calculated using the forward power.
5.7.4.4 150mm stripline method
Put the ESA-connected wiring harness into the specified field strength, and carry out immunity test according to the provisions of GB/T 33014.5-2016.
5.7.4.5 800mm stripline method (applicable to ESA with maximum size less than 1/3 of the metal plate spacing)
5.7.4.5.1 Stripline Structure and Dimensions
It consists of two parallel metal plates spaced 800mm apart (see Figures 11 and 12). The test equipment (ESA) is placed in the middle of the two metal plates.
Home. The ESA can be a complete electronic system including sensors, controllers, and actuators and harness sheaths.
5.7.4.5.2 Position of Strip Lines
The stripline should be placed in a shielded room (to avoid radiation to the outside) and at least 2m away from the wall and any metal shielded enclosure to avoid
Electromagnetic reflection, can use radio frequency absorbing material to weaken the reflection. The strip line should be placed on the insulating bracket at least 0.4m above the ground.
5.7.4.5.3 Strip Line Calibration
Place a field test probe in the middle 1/3 of the length, width, and height of the two metal parallel plates. The ESA should not be within the stripline.
Related test equipment should be placed outside the shielded room. At each required test frequency, a certain level of power is input to the stripline to
Generate the required field strength. Record the forward power value, or record other parameters directly related to the forward power required to produce the specified field strength, calibration
The results were used for the ESA test. When the test facility or equipment changes, it needs to be recalibrated.
5.7.4.5.4 Installation of ESA
The main control unit should be placed in the center area between the two metal parallel plates and placed on the insulating support.
5.7.4.5.5 Main harness and sensor/actuator cable
The main harness and sensor/actuator cable should be led vertically from the control unit to the inner surface of the ground plane (so that the coupling of the electromagnetic field is the most
Dahua). The cable then follows the inner surface of the ground plate to one of its free faces, where it surrounds the outer surface of the ground plate and extends to
Connect the feed end of the strip line. These cables should then be connected to related equipment placed on a site outside the influence of the electromagnetic field. For example, in length
Directional distance from the relevant equipment on the shielded room ground outside the strip line 1m.
Explanation.
1---ground plate;
2---Main cable protection cover and sensor/exciter cable;
3 --- wooden frame;
4 --- excitation board;
5 --- insulation device;
6 --- measured object.
Figure 11 800mm stripline (schematic)
The unit is mm
Figure 12 800mm stripline size
5.8 ESA immunity test against transient conduction along the power line
According to the regulations of GB/T 21437.2-2008, pulse 1 is applied to the ESA power line and other connections that may be connected to the power line.
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, and 4 for testing the transient immunity of the ESA to the vehicle's power supply system.
5.9 ESA Transient Conduction Emission Test
According to GB/T 21437.2-2008 regulations, testing ESA power lines and other connections may be connected to the power line transient transmission
Guided emission.
6 type inspection
6.1 Whole Vehicle Inspection
Applications for complete vehicle type inspection of electromagnetic compatibility shall be sub......