The proposed workshop will reexamine the issue of native language transfer from three perspectives: two two-hour sessions of verbal communications will explore initial transfer and endstate transfer respectively, while a third two-hour session will invite a roundtable of L2 scholars with differing theoretical perspectives to evaluate the role of native language in L2A. Session 1 on the initial state considers whether it is a tabula rasa as for L1 infants, a version of the native grammar, or something in between. Session 2 considers what remains of the native language in a learner whose L2 has stabilized, and has resulted in the endstate of a highly advanced speaker. Workshop Session 2 will investigate areas of transfer, both positive and negative, in endstate learners.