Coccidiosis - Like most other diarrheal diseases, coccidiosis is spread by a fecal-oral route. Coccidia oocysts must sporulate (hatch) before they become infective, so auto-infection is not possible. The incubation period is typically 17-21 days. In mild cases, calves will have diarrhea with little or no blood, anorexia and be listless for several days. In more severe cases, the feces becomes liquid with blood, mucus and strands of intestinal mucosa. These calves become emaciated, dehydrated, weak, and listless. Occasionally, fly strike occurs in warmer months. Calves that develop nervous coccidiosis will have acute diarrhea, tremors, convulsions, blindness, and death. In chronic cases, calves will have rough hair coats, drooping ears, and sunken eyes. Recovery is slow and some calves= growth will be stunted. Disease severity is determined by the number of sporulated (hatched) oocysts ingested. To control coccidiosis avoid overcrowding which leads to stress and increased exposure. Many producers are using milk replacers and calf starters medicated with decoquinate. In order to prevent coccidia infections, replacement heifer feed should contain one of the ionophores (lasalocid or monensin). Amprolium can be used for treatment or control in all ages.