Evaluation of role of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in newly diagnosed cases of type 2 DM

Abstract:Aims and Objective: Evidence provided by previous studies revealed that vitamin D may play a functional role in glucose tolerance through its effects on insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. Some studies have shown that only vitamin D deficient individuals get the benefits of supplementation in regard to blood sugar regulation. This study evaluates the effects of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in T2DM independent of endogenous vitamin D levels, also presence of comorbid hypertension affecting the clinical outcomes.

Method: 150 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 35–75 years, mean age 55.8 ± 1.1 years were recruited to either metformin only group or metformin with vitamin D group. Baseline FBS, PPBS, HbA1c were measured. Statistical evaluation of the results was performed using the statistical package SPSS16. Student’s t-test was used to compare the patient group with the control group.

Results: Intergroup comparison highlighted, FBS reduction was statistically significant at the end of 3rd and 6th month in comparison to baseline, whereas PPBS reduction was significant only at the end of 6th month. Intra group comparison reflected that changes in mean HbA1c levels from baseline to 6th month was significant in both the groups but the difference in values of baseline to 6th month HbA1c among two groups were statistically significant, considering p values ˂0.01 to be highly significant with 99% distribution values. Weight reduction was also statistically significant after 6 months of recruitment to study groups. There was no statistical significance in HbA1c changes between hypertensive and non-hypertensive individuals

Conclusions: Data analysis demonstrated that improvements in serum FBS, PPBS, HbA1c and weight reduction were statistically significant in metformin with vitamin D supplementation group, which could be attributed to reduced insulin resistance. Vitamin D may play a role in type 2 diabetes i.e glucose regulation, weight reduction and improvement in HbA1c.