Flickr (pronounced "flicker") is an image- and video-hosting website and web services suite that was created by Ludicorp in 2004 and acquired by Yahoo on 20 March 2005.[4] In addition to being a popular website for users to share and embed personal photographs, and effectively an online community, the service is widely used by photo researchers and by bloggers to host images that they embed in blogs and social media.[5]

The Verge reported in March 2013 that Flickr had a total of 87 million registered members and more than 3.5 million new images uploaded daily.[6] In August 2011 the site reported that it was hosting more than 6 billion images and this number continues to grow steadily according to reporting sources.[7] Photos and videos can be accessed from Flickr without the need to register an account but an account must be made to upload content onto the website. Registering an account also allows users to create a profile page containing photos and videos that the user has uploaded and also grants the ability to add another Flickr user as a contact. For mobile users, Flickr has official mobile apps for iOS,[8]Android,[9] and PlayStation Vita,[10] operating systems, and an optimised mobile website.[11]

Early versions of Flickr focused on a chat room called FlickrLive with real-time photo exchange capabilities.[15] The successive evolutions focused more on the uploading and filing backend for individual users and the chat room was buried in the site map. It was eventually dropped as Flickr's backend systems evolved away from Game Neverendings codebase.[16] Key features of Flickr not initially present are tags, marking photos as favorites, group photo pools and interestingness, for which a patent is pending.[17]

Yahoo acquired Ludicorp and Flickr in March 2005. The acquisition reportedly cost $22 to $25 million.[18] During the week of 26 June - 2 July 2005, all content was migrated from servers in Canada to servers in the United States, and all resulting data become subject to United States federal law.[19] In May 2007, Yahoo announced that Yahoo Photos would close down on 20 September 2007, after which all photos would be deleted; users were encouraged to migrate to Flickr.[20] In January 2007, Flickr announced that "Old Skool" members--those who had joined before the Yahoo acquisition--would be required to associate their account with a Yahoo ID by 15 March to continue using the service.[21] This move was criticized by some users.[22]

Flickr upgraded its services from beta to "gamma" in May 2006; the changes attracted positive attention from Lifehacker.[23] In December 2006, upload limits on free accounts were increased to 100 MB a month (from 20 MB) and were removed from Flickr Pro accounts, which originally had a 2 GB per month limit.[24] On 9 April 2008, Flickr began allowing paid subscribers to upload videos, limited to 90 seconds in length and 150 MB in size. On 2 March 2009, Flickr added the facility to upload and view HD videos, and began allowing free users to upload normal-resolution video. At the same time, the set limit for free accounts was lifted.[25] In 2009, Flickr announced a partnership with Getty Images in which selected users could submit photographs for stock photography usage and receive payment. In 2010, this was changed so that users could label images as suitable for stock use themselves.[26]

On 20 May 2013, Flickr launched the first stage of a major site redesign, introducing a "Justified View" close-spaced photo layout[27] browsed via "infinite scrolling" and adding new features, including one terabyte of free storage for all users, a scrolling home page (mainly of contacts photos and comments) and updated Android app.[28][29] The Justified View is paginated between 72 and 360 photos per page but unpaginated in search result presentation. Tech Radar described the new style Flickr as representing a "sea change" in its purpose.[30] Many users criticized the changes, and the site's help forum received thousands of negative comments.[31] In March 2014, Flickr's New Photo Experience, a user interface redesign, left beta.[32]

On 7 May 2015, Yahoo overhauled the site, adding a revamped Camera Roll, a new way to upload photos and upgraded the site's apps. The new Uploadr application was made available for Macs, Windows and mobile devices.[33]

On 14 December 2008, The Guardian reported that three employees had been laid off as Yahoo continued to reduce its workforce,[36] and on 30 November 2010, CNET reported Yahoo was on the verge of a major layoff affecting 10-20% of its workforce. Flickr was specifically named as a target for these layoffs.[37]

On 25 July 2016, Verizon announced that it had entered a deal to acquire Yahoo and Flickr. The deal is expected to close in Q1 of 2017.[38][39]

Features

Accounts

Flickr offers three types of account: Free, Ad Free and Doublr. The free option includes one terabyte of storage limited to 200 MB per photo and 1 GB per video with maximum length 3 minutes. The Ad Free option allows subscribers to avoid advertisements for an annual fee. The Doublr account includes twice the storage of a free account.[40] In May 2011, Flickr added an option to easily reverse an account termination, motivated by the accidental deletion of a Flickr user's account, and public reporting of its protracted restoration.[41] Flickr may delete accounts without giving any reason or warning to the account's owner.[42]

Before May 2013, Flickr offered two types of accounts, Free and Pro. Free accounts were limited in data storage, accessibility and interaction. Pro accounts received unlimited bandwidth and storage, and allowed users to upload an unlimited number of images and videos every month. New Pro accounts are no longer offered, but old ones remain active, with no plans to retire them.[43]

Organization

The images a Flickr photographer uploads go into their sequential "photostream", the basis of a Flickr account. All photostreams can be displayed as a justified view, a slideshow, a "detail" view or a datestamped archive. Clicking on a photostream image opens it in the interactive "photopage" alongside data, comments and facilities for embedding images on external websites.

Users may label their uploaded images with titles and descriptions, and images may be tagged either by the uploader or by other users, if the uploader permits it. These text components enable computer searching of Flickr. Flickr was an early website to implement tag clouds, which were used until 2013, providing access to images tagged with the most popular keywords.Tagging was further revised in the photopage redesign of March 2014. Flickr has been cited as a prime example of effective use of folksonomy.[44]

Users can organize their Flickr photos into "albums" (formerly "sets") which are more flexible than the traditional folder-based method of organizing files, as one photo can belong to one album, many albums, or none at all. Flickr provides code to embed albums into blogs, websites and forums. Flickr albums represent a form of categorical metadata rather than a physical hierarchy. Geotagging can be applied to photos in albums,[45] and any albums with geotagging can be related to a map using imapflickr. The resulting map can be embedded in a website.[46] Flickr albums may be organized into "collections", which can themselves be further organized into higher-order collections.

Organizr is a web application for organizing photos within a Flickr account that can be accessed through the Flickr interface. It allows users to modify tags, descriptions and set groupings, and to place photos on a world map (a feature provided in conjunction with Yahoo Maps). It uses Ajax to emulate the look, feel and quick functionality of desktop-based photo-management applications, such as Google's Picasa and F-Spot. Users can select and apply changes to multiple photos at a time,as an alternative to the standard Flickr interface for editing.

Access control

Flickr provides both private and public image storage. A user uploading an image can set privacy controls that determine who can view the image. A photo can be flagged as either public or private.[47] Private images are visible by default only to the uploader, but they can also be marked as viewable by friends and/or family. Privacy settings also can be decided by adding photographs from a user's photostream to a "group pool". If a group is private all the members of that group can see the photo. If a group is public the photo becomes public as well. Flickr also provides a "contact list" which can be used to control image access for a specific set of users in a way similar to that of LiveJournal. In November 2006, Flickr created a "guest pass" system that allows private photos to be shared with non-Flickr members. This setting allows sets or all photos under a certain privacy category (friends or family) to be shared.[48] Many members allow their photos to be viewed by anyone, forming a large collaborative database of categorized photos. By default, other members can leave comments about any image they have permission to view and, in many cases, can add to the list of tags associated with an image.

Interaction and compatibility

The core functionality of the site relies on standard HTML and HTTP features, allowing for wide compatibility among platforms and browsers; Flickr's functionality includes RSS and Atom feeds and an API that enables independent programmers to expand its services. This includes a large number of third-party Greasemonkey scripts that enhance and extend the functionality of Flickr. In 2006, Flickr was the second most extended site on userscripts.org.[49] Organizr and most of Flickr's other text-editing and tagging interfaces use Ajax, with which most modern browsers are compliant. Images can be posted to the user's photostream via email attachments, which enables direct uploads from many cameraphones and applications. Flickr uses the Geo microformat on over 3 million geotagged images.[50]

Signed-in Flickr users can "Follow" the Photostreams of other Flickr photographers. Reciprocating this process is optional. A user's homepage contains a stream of their Contacts' photos at 2/3 screensize.[53]

Groups are another major means of interaction with fellow members of Flickr around common photography interests. A Flickr Group can be started by any Flickr user, who becomes its administrator and can appoint moderators. Groups may either be open access or invitation-only, and most have an associated pool of photos. The administrator of the Flickr group can monitor and set restrictions for the group, assign awards to members, and may curate and organize the photo content. Recent uploads to a group will sometimes appear on its members' homepages. Group photo pools may be displayed in the "Justified View" or as a slideshow.

"Galleries" of photos from other photostreams may be curated by any signed-up Flickr user, provided the feature is not disabled by the photo's uploader, these are then publicly viewable.[53]

Any Flickr user can post comments to a Flickr photo on its photopage, unless this has been disabled by the uploader, and users can "favorite" a photo. A user's favorites can be viewed in a justified or slideshow display.[53]

Users of Windows Photo Gallery, Apple's iPhoto (version 8), Adobe's Lightroom 3.2, Apple's Aperture (version 3.0), and darktable have the ability to upload their photos directly to Flickr. They can also automatically update their status on other Social networking service when they upload their images to Flickr.[54] Flickr provides a desktop client for Mac OS X and Windows that allows users to upload photos without using the web interface. Uploadr allows drag-and-drop batch uploading of photos, the setting of tags and descriptions for each batch, and the editing of privacy settings.[55]

Flickr has entered into partnerships with many third parties. Flickr had a partnership with the Picnik online photo-editing application that included a reduced-feature version of Picnik built into Flickr as a default photo editor.[56] On 5 April 2012, Flickr replaced Picnik with Aviary as its default photo editor.[57] In addition to using commercial mapping data, Flickr now uses OpenStreetMap mapping for various cities; this began with Beijing during the run-up to the 2008 Olympic games. As of October 2008[update], this is used for Baghdad, Beijing, Kabul, Sydney and Tokyo.[58][59] OpenStreetMap data is collected by volunteers and is available under the Open Database License. Flickr offers printing of various forms of merchandise, including business cards, photo books, stationery, personalized credit cards and large-size prints from companies such as Moo, Blurb, Tiny Prints, Capital One, Imagekind and QOOP. The Flickr partnership with Getty Images to sell stock photos from users is under review as of early 2014.[60][61]

Filtering

In March 2007, Flickr added new content filtering controls that let members specify by default what types of images they generally upload (photo, art/illustration, or screenshot) and how "safe" (i.e., unlikely to offend others) their images are, as well as specify that information for specific images individually.[62] Individual images are assigned to one of three categories: "safe", "moderate" and "restricted".[63] Users can specify the same criteria when searching for images. There are some restrictions on searches for certain types of users: non-members must always use SafeSearch, which omits images noted as potentially offensive, while members whose Yahoo accounts indicate that they are underage may use SafeSearch or moderate SafeSearch, but cannot turn SafeSearch off completely. The system achieves a fairly good separation of family-friendly photos and adult content; generic image searches normally produce no pornographic results, with the visibility of adult content restricted to users and dedicated Flickr communities who have opted into viewing it.[63]

Flickr has used this filtering system to change the level of accessibility to "unsafe" content for entire nations, including South Korea, Hong Kong and Germany. In summer 2007, German users staged a "revolt" over being assigned the user rights of a minor. See Censorship below.

Licensing

Flickr offers users the ability to either release their images under certain common usage licenses or label them as "all rights reserved". The licensing options primarily include the Creative Commons 2.0 attribution-based and minor content-control licenses - although jurisdiction and version-specific licenses cannot be selected. As with "tags", the site allows easy searching of only those images that fall under a specific license.[65]

In May 2009, White House official photographer Pete Souza began using Flickr as a conduit for releasing White House photos. The photos were initially posted with a Creative Commons Attribution license requiring that the original photographers be credited. Flickr later created a new license which identified them as "United States Government Work", which does not carry any copyright restrictions.[68]

In March 2015 Flickr added the Creative Commons Public Domain Mark and Creative Commons Zero (CC0) to its licensing options.[69] The Public Domain Mark is meant for images that are no longer protected by copyright. CC0 is used for works that are still protected by copyright or neighbouring rights but where the rights holders choose to waive those rights.

A form of licence laundering in which an artists copyrighted work is redistributed by a third party under a different licence is known as Flickrwashing.

Controversy

Censorship

On 12 June 2007, in the wake of the rollout of localized language versions of the site, Flickr implemented a user-side rating system for filtering out potentially controversial photos. Simultaneously, users with accounts registered with Yahoo subsidiaries in Germany, Singapore, Hong Kong and Korea were prevented from viewing photos rated "moderate" or "restricted" on the three-part scale used. Many Flickr users, particularly in Germany, protested against the new restrictions, claiming unwanted censorship from Flickr and Yahoo.[70]

Flickr management, unwilling to go into legal details, implied that the reason for the stringent filtering was some unusually strict age-verification laws in Germany. The issue received attention in the German national media, especially in online publications. Initial reports indicated that Flickr's action was a sensible, if unattractive, precaution against prosecution,[71] although later coverage implied that Flickr's action may have been unnecessarily strict.[72] On 20 June 2007, Flickr reacted by granting German users access to "moderate" (but not "restricted") images, and hinted at a future solution for Germany, involving advanced age-verification procedures.

Copyright enforcement

Michael Arrington of TechCrunch[74] and the Electronic Frontier Foundation[75] have criticised Flickr for its heavy-handed implementation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) and Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act (OCILLA). Under OCILLA, a service provider such as Flickr is obliged to delete or disable access to content as soon as they receive an official notice of infringement, to maintain protection from liability.[76] After having one of his own pictures taken down following an incorrect DMCA claim, British comedian Dave Gorman researched the issue and concluded that if the Flickr user was not based in the United States - or they were but the person filing the notice of infringement was not - Flickr deleted the disputed content immediately. Even if the user could successfully demonstrate that the content did not infringe upon any copyright, Flickr did not, according to Gorman, replace the deleted content. He argued that this was contrary to its obligations in responding to a counter-notice.[77] Shortly afterward, Flickr changed its policy.[78]

Sale of Creative Commons-licensed photos

In November 2014, Flickr announced that it would sell wall-sized prints of photos from the service that are licensed under Creative Commons licenses allowing commercial use. Although its use of the photos in this manner is legal and allowed under the licenses, Flickr was criticized by users for what they perceived to be unfair exploitation of artists' works, as all the profits from these offerings go to Yahoo! and are not shared with their respective photographers, and users were not given a means of opting-out from the program without placing their photos under a more restrictive non-commercial license. By contrast, a similar opt-in program for "licensed" photos does give photographers a 51% share of sales. On 19 December 2014, Bernardo Hernandez announced that Flickr would pull all Creative Commons-licensed content from the program and issue refunds, stating that "Subsequently, we'll work closely with Creative Commons to come back with programs that align better with our community values."[79][80][81]

^Terdiman, Daniel (9 December 2004). "Photo Site a Hit With Bloggers". Wired. Retrieved . Flickr enables users to post photos from nearly any camera phone or directly from a PC. It also allows users to post photos from their accounts or from their cameras to most widely used blog services. The result is that an increasing number of bloggers are regularly posting photos from their Flickr accounts.

^Kevin Collins (16 August 2009). "Bad case of Hiccups!". Flickr.com. Retrieved . For some of the details, we have 62 DBs across 124 servers- accounts are spread across 2 servers each. There are around 800k accounts per pair, give or take some thousand. On one of the pairs, there is a greater number of "active" members who populate it; stats recalculations have been taking some time longer to execute, and the database has not been happy.

^Cohen, Noam (18 January 2009). "Historical Photos in Web Archives Gain Vivid New Lives". The New York Times. Retrieved . In a similar move to harness the public's knowledge about old photographs, the Library of Congress a year ago began adding photographs with no known restrictions to a Flickr service called the Commons. The Library of Congress started with 3,500 photos and adds 50 a week.

Looking for a unique and creative place to store, organize, search, and securely share your digital photographs? Welcome to Flickr - a revolution in digital photography! How to Use Flickr: The Digital Photography Revolution is your one-stop guide to the capabilities of Flickr. All the basic Flickr features are presented, including how to create and set up your account and profile and how to upload your photos. Later chapters detail more advanced Flickr features such as how to organize your collection, share your photos, utilize print services, and get involved in the Flickr community. Once you're accustomed to Flickr, you'll learn to take advantage of cool capabilities such as publishing your photos to a weblog, uploading photos with a camera phone, and using Flickr with other useful applications. More than just a how-to guide, this book features interesting anecdotes, interviews, tips, and real-life photos and examples from actual Flickr users. Get ready to embrace and share the Flickr revolution!

Sharing Your Images with Flickr is a step-by-step guide to everything you'll need to know in order to plan out and set up your own Flickr photo stream for your business. Flickr has more than 75 million members already sharing their photos. Shouldn't you be one of them?

Flickr is fairly simple to set up, however, it does have some details to it and you'll want to have all your information together before you sit down to sign up. This e-book will take you through the whole process with screen shots of each step along the way so you'll know exactly what information you need and how it will be shown.

Flickr is also a great place to post photos that you may want to link to from other places like Facebook or Twitter. You can also create communities by finding and following other Flickr users with photo streams that your followers from other sites may be interested in.

You'll learn how to...

Find Help and other useful information.Organize your photos to make uploading easier.Create your account and edit your profile.Upload your photos into sets and collections.Edit your photos with the Organizr.Connect to other relevant users.Share your content on other social media sites.Create badges and players to use on your blog or website.And much more!

In addition, at the end, there are worksheets and checklists that you can use to gather your information and keep track of your progress.

When you finish reading, you'll be ready to start uploading all those great photos you have that are just gathering dust or sitting on your computer and use them to create new connections for your business!

How do you draw in a loyal group of followers who enjoy your images? What's the key to properly using categories and groups? Just what is Instagram all about, anyway?

Authors, artists, and entrepreneurs have a fairly unique set of needs on Instagram. They want to spread the word about their latest mystery novel release. They need to find buyers for their oil painting. Maybe they're a folk band drumming up interest in a new song.

This book gets you on your way.

I run and support multiple Instagram accounts for authors, bands, artists, and other creative projects. I know the challenges of getting your book discovered in a world where thousands of new authors release books every month. I know how hard it is for a band to break through out of the sea of wanna-bes. I've honed the techniques and gotten the sales.

This book starts from the beginning. It takes you step by step through creating your first account. It talks you through the different types of groups out there and how to use each to your best advantage. From contests to trends, there's always an angle to help your project out. You just have to know what to do and then do it.

How do you manage multiple accounts? What words draw people in to commenting and liking? The book guides you through all the jargon and makes things easy.

Plus, if you're stuck, I'm just a click away and am happy to lend a hand!

Over two million registered Flickr users and counting have discovered the ease and fun of organizing their photo libraries, showing off their favorite pictures to the world, and securely sharing their private pictures with friends, family, or ad hoc groups. But Flickr's own plethora of intuitive menus, options, and features just scratches the surface.

Flickr Hacks goes beyond the basics of storing, sorting, and sharing your photos to the much bigger playground of what's possible. Whether you're a beginner looking to manage your metadata and play with tags, or a programmer in need of a detailed reference of Flickr API methods, you'll find what you're looking for here. In addition to getting under the hood of some of the most popular third-party Flickr toys already in the wild, you'll learn how to:

Post photos to your blog directly from your cameraphone

Mash up your own photos or others' public pictures into custom mosaics, collages, sliding puzzles, slideshows, or ransom notes

Back up your Flickr library to your desktop, and save the comments too

Set random desktop backgrounds and build your own Flickr screensaver

Geotag your photos and map your contacts

Download a list of photos and make a contact sheet

Make your own Flickr-style tag cloud to visualize the frequency of common tags

Build a color picker with a dynamic color wheel of Flickr photos

Feed photos to your web site and subscribe to custom Flickr feeds using RSS

Talk to the Flickr API using your web browser, Perl, or PHP; authenticate yourself and other users; and build custom API applications

This title examines Flickr, the photo-sharing website. Readers will learn about company history and development, how Flickr operates, and its impact on society. Key components such as Editing, Tagging, and Camera Roll are also explored. Color photos accompany easy-to-read, compelling text. Features include a company profile, mini bios of company founders, timeline, fast facts, informative sidebars, and section on online safety. Checkerboard Library is an imprint of Abdo Publishing, a division of ABDO.

Not sure how to start your drawing of a flamingo or a flying squirrel? Boggled by how to draw a businessman, a bat, or a baobab tree? How to Draw Almost Everything is here to help.

With over 2,000 images, this visual reference book offers instructions for drawing animals, people, plants, food, everyday objects, buildings, vehicles, clothing, and more. The section on people gives simple tricks for showing emotion (angry, surprised) and action (skipping, doing a handstand). There's also a section on clothing that shows how to draw coats and jackets, shoes and boots, bell-bottoms and skinny jeans. From tricycles to tanker trucks, the book gives tips on drawing all kinds of moving vehicles.

At then end of each chapter, author and artist Chika Miyata challenges you to synthesize what you've learned and create a scene. At the end of the chapter on animals, the challenge is to draw a zoo. At the end of the chapter on food, the challenge is to keep an illustrated food journal.

Each entry is broken down with step-by-step illustrations, making this book perfect for beginners or experienced artists in need of a quick refresher and a great resource for those who want to express themselves through illustration or cartooning.

"Do you like to take pictures and share them online? Do you like to share comments on photos, places you've been, or articles? If so, you've probably heard of Flickr and other websites that Caterina Fake developed!

Fake is always interested in making online sites into communities. She created Flickr and other websites that bring people together to share reviews, photos, thoughts, and more. Companies like Yahoo! and eBay have tapped her talent to make their websites more interactive and tailored to each visitor. But how did she get there? Find out how she went from a gifted student to helping people connect online!"

Almost without realizing it, we have shifted toward an all-digital culture. Future heirlooms like family photos, home movies, and personal letters now exist only in digital form, and in many cases they are stored using popular services like Flickr, YouTube, and Gmail. These digital possessions form a rich collection that chronicles our lives and connects us to each other.

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Flickr is a Yahoo-owned online image and video sharing community. Today, Flickr has millions of loyal users around the world who love the site for its ease of use, ability to browse millions of photos, and its powerful online photo management and sharing applications. In October 2010, Flickr reported that the site had over four billion images.

This short manual will show you what you need to know to get set up and how to use all of its features to the fullest potential.

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With over 4 billion images, Flickr has become a hugely popular resource for photographers to share their images and swap advice. For savvy photographers though, it's also a valuable marketplace that allows them to win commissions and sell licenses to magazines, advertising companies and more. Flickr Photos for Profit explains how photographers are using Flickr to attract attention, win sales and build their own photography business. Divided into sections for enthusiasts, professionals and even business users, Flickr Photos for Profit is a complete guide for every photographer - and every Flickr member.

Developed Strategies and Processes that Enabled Brands to Grow During an Economic Downturn.

Taught Advanced Internet Marketing Strategies at the graduate level.

Manage research, learning and skills at defaultLogic. Create an account using LinkedIn or facebook to manage and organize your IT knowledge. defaultLogic works like a shopping cart for information -- helping you to save, discuss and share.

Manage research, learning and skills at defaultLogic. Create an account using LinkedIn or facebook to manage and organize your IT knowledge. defaultLogic works like a shopping cart for information -- helping you to save, discuss and share.