While many Americans somewhat naively persisted in associating China with willowware, tea advertisements, and the Arabian Nights, others now held the far more disturbing view that China deserved to be mocked and ridiculed for its perceived backwardness.

If the child has not succeeded in associating the name with the object, the only way in which to succeed would be to repeat both the action of the sense stimuli and the name; in other words, to repeat the lesson.