Question seems unanswerable in current state & needs much more background. Eg, what does "qualify" mean? Is "languages/english/spelling" the "text as a whole" you refer to, or is there some other text? Note, edit the question rather than trying to fix it via comments
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jwpat7Feb 29 '12 at 8:13

This type of structure is usually referred to as a tree. Following this analogy, the individual words are nodes, where "spelling" is an end node or leaf, "languages" may be the root node or just root, and "languages/english/spelling" is a branch.

The wikipedia link says "The lines connecting elements are called branches", but I do not fully agree with that. It is common language to refer to all nodes below one node as a branch.

This is almost, but not quite, an example of hyponymy, used ‘when the meaning of one form is included in the meaning of another’ (George Yule, ‘The Study of Language’). In your example, languages is a ‘superordinate’ and English is a hyponym of languages. The structure breaks down with spelling, because that’s an aspect of English rather than a kind of English. Hyponyms of English might be Standard English and Caribbean English.