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Marand (Persian: مرند‎‎; Azerbaijani: مرند; also Romanized as Morand) is a city in and the capital of Marand County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2012 census, its population was 148,875, in 43,167 families.

Map of Marand, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran

Marand is among major cities in the province. It is located in the north-west of capital of the province Tabriz. Sheikh Usman Marandi was one of the most famous inhabitants of Marand. Marand has been known by various names in history, such as Maryana, Mandagarana, and Maranda.

Etymology

Moritz von Kotzebue and August von Haxthausen both described local legends that placed the burial spot of Noah's wife at Marand. Both authors contended that the name of the city means "the mother lies here," referring to Noah's wife. According to Kotzebue:

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Of Maranda, it is likewise asserted by the Armenians, that Noah's immediate descendants settled there, and even that it is the place of his wife's interment. Who could have neglected the sight of such a hallowed ground? Curiosity led us to the spot, and we found that the Moslems had built, on the place where Noah's wife is reported to have been buried, a chapel, with bare walls, which are not so cleanly as the religion of Mahomet prescribes. When the chapel was finished, nobody, however, would undertake to point out the actual spot where the body lay. A miracle solved their doubts. Thirty-eight years ago, during an earthquake, the ground opened, and two Mollahs (Moslem priests), of whom we saw one in the chapel, together with several inhabitants, witnessed the sudden appearance of a large tomb of stone, which, however, soon vanished in the opening. From that time, true believers have been convinced that Noah's wife lies interred there; although it would seem, that the honour of actual sepulture is a point at issue between her and Noah's mother, as Maranda signifies, in the Armenian language, the "mother lies here." This grave, perhaps, contributed to induce the [Imperial Russian] Ambassador to rest here a day.

History

The history of the town goes back to the pre-Islamic era. Between 815 till 850, Marand was primarily controlled by Mohammad ibn Ba'ith who was Iranicized to a considerable extent. The elders of Maragha who quoted his Persian poetry also praised his bravery and his literatry ability. He was Iranicized to considerable extent and the statement of Tabari on him is evidence of the existence of the cultivation of poetry in Persian in northwest Persia at the beginning of the 9th century.

In the news

During February 2010, it was reported that an attack was carried out in the city of Marand, against a truck which was carrying tear gas and other substances for the use of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards. The Iran Liberation Front claimed responsibility for the attack through a video posted on YouTube.