The present work also addressed the proposal that DLPFC and anterior cingulated cortex (ACC) play complementary roles in control. Through an analysis of practice-related effects, the present work provided support for the notion that DLPFC is involved in implementing control while ACC is involved in response-related processes. In addition, our examination of various aspects of task-irrelevant information (i.e., conflict, task-relatedness) suggested a possible functional differentiation within ACC, with the posterior rostral zone being more involved in response selection and the anterior rostral zone being more involved in conflict monitoring.