Economics is the study of how individuals, organizations, and societies choose among alternative uses of resources and how these resources are turned into the things people want.

The Program. Economics majors complete an introductory course sequence in economics, in addition to several courses in quantitative methods. Intermediate theory and economic history are taken on the upper division level and then students are free to concentrate the remainder of their units in various areas of interest, including more courses in economic theory or history, international economics, labor, industry, alternative economic systems, economic development, public finance, econometrics, or mathematical economics.

Internships and Career Alternatives. Internships for economics majors have been arranged at banks, brokerages, other business enterprises, and governmental units. The internships must complement the student's course work. A degree in economics is excellent preparation for students who want to go on to law school, business school, advanced work in economics, or graduate work in international relations. It is also a good background for careers in management and positions with the government.

Course Limits. Except under extraordinary circumstances, not more than two economics courses should be taken in any one quarter. In special cases, the department will accept a limited number of related upper division courses from other departments in satisfaction of the economics upper division course requirements. Approval from a departmental advisor is required in all such cases.

Graduation with High or Highest Honors. To be eligible for departmental recommendation for High or Highest Honors in Economics at graduation, a student must take all upper division courses in Economics for a letter grade, earn at least a 3.500 grade point average in those courses, and complete at least eight units of course work that result in the submission of an Honors project. Consult the College of Letters and Science section of this catalog and contact the Department for more information.

Study Abroad. The Economics Department wishes to accommodate students who would like to complement their economics degree with a study abroad experience. Up to 20 units of upper division credit from foreign campuses (excluding ECN 100 and 101) may be used towards the completion of the degree. To ensure that foreign courses will apply towards the economics degree, students need to select courses from the pre-approved list at the UC Davis Study Abroad office or seek pre-approval in the economics department for the foreign courses they wish to complete.

Graduate Study. Students who meet the admission requirements of Graduate Studies and the Department of Economics may pursue studies leading to the M.A. and Ph.D. degrees. Fields of emphasis for graduate study include: Economic Theory, Monetary Economics, Economic Development, Economic History, International Economics, Labor Economics, Industrial Organization, Economic Systems, Public Finance, Mathematical Economics, and Quantitative Methods (Econometrics). For information on admission to graduate study, degree requirements, and financial aid, consult the Graduate Announcement and http://www.econ.ucdavis.edu.

Graduate Advisors. Contact Department office.

Recommended. Students considering graduate study in economics are strongly urged to take MAT 021A-021B-021C and 022A.

American History and Institutions. This University requirement can be satisfied by completion of ECN 111A, 111B; see also under Bachelor’s Degree Requirements.

Economics is the study of how individuals, organizations, and societies choose among alternative uses of resources and how these resources are turned into the things people want.

Course Limits. Except under extraordinary circumstances, not more than two economics courses should be taken in any one quarter. In special cases, the department will accept a limited number of related upper division courses from other departments in satisfaction of the economics upper division course requirements. Approval from a departmental advisor is required in all such cases.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).ECN 001A & ECN 001B may be taken in either order. Analysis of the allocation of resources and the distribution of income through a price system; competition and monopoly; the role of public policy; comparative economic systems.(Letter.)GE credit: ACGH, QL, SS.Effective: 2004 Fall Quarter.

ECN001AV—Principles of Microeconomics (4)Active

Web Virtual Lecture—3 hour(s); Web Electronic Discussion—1 hour(s).Analysis of the allocation of resources and the distribution of income through a price system; competition and monopoly; the role of public policy; comparative economic systems.(Letter.)GE credit: ACGH, QL, SS.Effective: 2017 Fall Quarter.

ECN001B—Principles of Macroeconomics(4)Active

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).ECN 001A & ECN 001B may be taken in either order. Analysis of the economy as a whole; determinants of the level of income, employment and prices; money and banking, economic fluctuations, international trade, economic development; the role of public policy.(Letter.)GE credit: ACGH, QL, SS.Effective: 2004 Fall Quarter.

ECN090X—Lower Division Seminar(1-2)Active

Seminar—1-2 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):Consent of Instructor. Lower division standing.Limited enrollment.Examination of a special topic in Economics through shared readings,
discussions, and written assignments.(Letter.)Effective: 1997 Winter Quarter.

ECN092—Internship and Field Work(1-12)Review all entriesHistorical

Internship—3-36 hour(s); Term Paper.Prerequisite(s):MGT 011A; MGT 011B; and Consent of Instructor. Junior or senior standing; availability of internship position or approved field work project; stock-brokerage interns must have completed Management 11A-11B.Intensive study of practical application of concepts in economics, stressing research methods and empirical analysis.(P/NP grading only.)Effective: 1997 Winter Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A C- or better or ECN 001AV C- or better); ECN 001B C- or better; ((MAT 016A C- or better, MAT 016B C- or better) or (MAT 021A C- or better, MAT 021B C- or better) or (MAT 017A C- or better, MAT 017B C- or better)).Price and distribution theory under conditions of perfect and imperfect competition. General equilibrium and welfare economics.Not open for credit to students who have taken ARE 100A or ARE 100B.(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Spring Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A C- or better or ECN 001AV C- or better); ECN 001B C- or better; (MAT 016A C- or better or MAT 017A C- or better or MAT 021A C- or better); (MAT 016B C- or better or MAT 017B C- or better or MAT 021B C- or better).Consumer and producer theory. Equilibrium and welfare analysis. Topics include competitive markets, consumer and producer surplus at an intermediate level.Not open for credit to students that have taken ARE 100A or ECN 100.(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Winter Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 100A.Imperfect competition and market failure. Topics include exchange, monopoly, game theory, uncertainty, asymmetric information, and public goods.Not open for credit to students that have taken ARE 100B.(Letter.)Effective: 2017 Fall Quarter.

ECN110A—World Economic History Before the Industrial Revolution(4)Active

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A or ECN 001AV); ECN 001B.Development and application of analytical models to explain the nature and functioning of economies before the Industrial Revolution. Examples will be drawn from a variety of societies, including England, China, Polynesia, and Pre-Columbian America.(Letter.)GE credit: SS.Effective: 2018 Spring Quarter.

ECN110B—World Economic History Since the Industrial Revolution(4)Active

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A or ECN 001AV); ECN 001B.Development and application of analytical models to explain the nature and functioning of economies since the Industrial Revolution. Examples will be drawn from a variety of societies, including England, China, Germany, and India.(Letter.)GE credit: SS.Effective: 2018 Winter Quarter.

ECN111A—Economic History(4)Active

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A or ECN 001AV); ECN 001B; or Consent of Instructor.Survey of economic change in the United States from Colonial times to 1865; reference to other regions in the Western Hemisphere.(Letter.)GE credit: SS.Effective: 2018 Spring Quarter.

ECN111B—Economics History(4)Active

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A or ECN 001AV) or ECN 001B; or Consent of Instructor.Survey of economic change in the United States from 1865 to the post World War II era.(Letter.)GE credit: SS.Effective: 2018 Spring Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion/Laboratory—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A or ECN 001AV); ECN 001B.Pass One open to Economics majors only.Introduction to research on the economics of immigration. Immigrant demographics and reasons for migrating. Immigrant success and effects on native populations. Influence of immigrants on those left behind. Discussion of migration policy in the US and other countries.Not open for credit to students who have previously completed an upper division economics course in international immigration.(Letter.)Effective: 2019 Spring Quarter.

ECN121A—Industrial Organization(4)Review all entriesHistorical

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A or ECN 001AV); ECN 001B; (ECN 100 or (ARE 100A, ARE 100B)); or Consent of Instructor.Appraisal of the role of competition and monopoly in the American economy; market structure, conduct, and economic performance of a variety of industries.(Letter.)GE credit: SS.Effective: 2018 Winter Quarter.

ECN121A—Industrial Organization(4)Review all entriesActive

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or ECN 100A or ARE 100A); (ECN 100B or ARE 100B).Appraisal of the role of competition and monopoly in the American economy; market structure, conduct, and economic performance of a variety of industries.(Letter.)GE credit: SS.Effective: 2019 Winter Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(MAT 016A, MAT 016B) or (MAT 021A, MAT 021B) or (MAT 017A, MAT 017B); or Consent of Instructor.Introduction to game theory. Explanation of the behavior of rational individuals with interacting and often conflicting interests. Non-cooperative and cooperative theory. Applications to economics, political science and other fields.(Letter.)Effective: 2016 Fall Quarter.

ECN125—Energy Economics(4)Review all entriesHistorical

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 100 or (ARE 100A, ARE 100B); or Consent of Instructor.Pass One open to Economics and Graduate School of Management majors.Application of theoretical and empirical models to examine efficiency in energy production and use. Energy and environmental policy, market structure and power, global climate change, optimal regulation, and real-world applications; e.g., California electricity crisis. (Letter.)GE credit: SS.Effective: 2017 Spring Quarter.

ECN125—Energy Economics(4)Review all entriesHistorical

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or ECN 100A or ARE 100A); (ECN 100B or ARE 100B).Pass One open to Economics and Graduate School of Management majors.Application of theoretical and empirical models to examine efficiency in energy production and use. Energy and environmental policy, market structure and power, global climate change, optimal regulation, and real-world applications; e.g., California electricity crisis. (Letter.)GE credit: SS.Effective: 2019 Winter Quarter.

ECN125—Energy Economics(4)Review all entriesHistorical

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 100 or ECN 100A or ARE 100A.Pass One open to Economics and Graduate School of Management majors.Application of theoretical and empirical models to examine efficiency in energy production and use. Energy and environmental policy, market structure and power, global climate change, optimal regulation, and real-world applications; e.g., California electricity crisis. (Letter.)GE credit: SS.Effective: 2019 Spring Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or (ARE 100A, ARE 100B)), (ECN 102 or ECN 140 or ARE 106 or STA 108); or Consent of Instructor.The health care market, emphasizing the role and use of economics. Individual demand, provision of services by doctors and hospitals, health insurance, managed care and competition, the role of government access to health care.(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Winter Quarter.

ECN132—Health Economics(4)Review all entriesActive

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or ECN 100A or ARE 100A); (ECN 102 or ECN 140 or ARE 106 or STA 108); ECN 100B; or Consent of Instructor.The health care market, emphasizing the role and use of economics. Individual demand, provision of services by doctors and hospitals, health insurance, managed care and competition, the role of government access to health care.(Letter.)Effective: 2019 Winter Quarter.

ECN133Y—Poverty, Inequality and Public Policy(4)Review all entriesHistorical

Web Virtual Lecture—2 hour(s); Discussion—2 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A or ECN 001AV) or ECN 001B.Class size limited to 99; 3 sections of 33 each.Examination of the economics of poverty and inequality in the United States, including measurement, trends, and related policies.(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Spring Quarter.

Web Virtual Lecture—2 hour(s); Discussion—2 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A or ECN 001AV); ECN 001B.Limited to 99; 3 sections of 33 each.Examination of the economics of poverty and inequality in the United States, including measurement, trends, and related policies.(Letter.)Effective: 2019 Winter Quarter.

ECN134—Financial Economics(4)Review all entriesHistorical

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A or ECN 001AV); ECN 001B; (ECN 100 or (ARE 100A, ARE 100B)), (MAT 016A or MAT 017A or MAT 021A), STA 013.General background and rationale of corporation; finance as resource allocation over time; decision making under uncertainty and the role of information; capital market and interest rate structure; financial decisions. Students who have completed ARE 171A may not receive credit for this course.(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Winter Quarter.

ECN134—Financial Economics(4)Review all entriesHistorical

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or ECN 100A or ARE 100A); (STA 013 or STA 013Y); ECN 100B.General background and rationale of corporation; finance as resource allocation over time; decision making under uncertainty and the role of information; capital market and interest rate structure; financial decisions. Students who have completed ARE 171A may not receive credit for this course.(Letter.)Effective: 2019 Winter Quarter.

ECN134—Financial Economics(4)Review all entriesActive

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or ECN 100A or ARE 100A); (STA 013 or STA 013Y); (ECN 100B, ARE 100B).General background and rationale of corporation; finance as resource allocation over time; decision making under uncertainty and the role of information; capital market and interest rate structure; financial decisions. No credit for students who have completed ARE 171A.(Letter.)Effective: 2019 Summer Session 1.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or (ARE 100A, ARE 100B)), ECN 101, (STA 013 or STA 013Y), (MAT 016A or MAT 017A or MAT 021A), (MAT 016B or MAT 017B or MAT 021B).Pass One open to Economics Majors.Problems of observation, estimation and hypotheses testing in economics through the study of the theory and application of linear regression models. Critical evaluation of selected examples of empirical research and exercises in applied economics.Only two units of credit allowed to students who have completed two or more of the following courses: ECN 102, ARE 106 or STA 108.(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Winter Quarter.

ECN140—Econometrics(4)Review all entriesHistorical

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or ECN 100A or ARE 100A); (ECN 100B or ARE 100B); ECN 101; ECN 102; (STA 013 or STA 013Y).Pass One open to Economics Majors.Problems of observation, estimation and hypotheses testing in economics through the study of the theory and application of linear regression models. Critical evaluation of selected examples of empirical research and exercises in applied economics.Only two units of credit allowed to students who have completed two or more of the following courses: ECN 102, ARE 106 or STA 108.(Letter.)Effective: 2019 Winter Quarter.

ECN140—Econometrics(4)Review all entriesActive

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or ECN 100A or ARE 100A); (ECN 102 or STA 108); or Consent of Instructor.Pass One open to Economics Majors.Problems of observation, estimation and hypotheses testing in economics through the study of the theory and application of linear regression models. Critical evaluation of selected examples of empirical research and exercises in applied economics.Only 2 units of credit allowed to students who have completed two or more of ECN 102, ARE 106 or STA 108.(Letter.)Effective: 2019 Fall Quarter.

ECN145—Transportation Economics(4)Review all entriesHistorical

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or (ARE 100A, ARE 100B)), ((MAT 016A, MAT 016B) or (MAT 017A, MAT 017B)), (STA 013 or STA 013Y), ECN 102, ECN 140, (ARE 106 or STA 108); or Consent of Instructor.Intended for advanced Economics undergraduates. Examination of fundamental problems of planning and financing transportation "infrastructure" (roads, ports, airports). The economics of the automobile industry, as well as the impact of government regulation and deregulation in the airlines and trucking industries.(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Spring Quarter.

ECN145—Transportation Economics(4)Review all entriesActive

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or ECN 100A or ARE 100A); (ECN 102, STA 108); or Consent of Instructor.Examination of fundamental problems of planning and financing transportation "infrastructure" (roads, ports, airports). The economics of the automobile industry, as well as the impact of government regulation and deregulation in the airlines and trucking industries. Intended for advanced Economics undergraduates. (Letter.)Effective: 2019 Fall Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 C- or better or (ARE 100A C- or better, ARE 100B C- or better)), ECN 102 C- or better, (MAT 016B C- or better or MAT 017B C- or better or MAT 021B C- or better), (STA 013 C- or better or STA 013Y C- or better or STA 032 C- or better); or Consent of Instructor.Application of theoretical and empirical tools of economics to the education sector. Demand for Education; Education Production and Market Structures in Education. Policy applications: class size reduction, school finance equalization, accountability, and school choice.(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Spring Quarter.

ECN152—Economics of Education(4)Review all entriesActive

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 C- or better or ECN 100A or ARE 100A C- or better); (ECN 100B or ARE 100B C- or better); ECN 102 C- or better; (STA 013 C- or better or STA 013Y C- or better or STA 032 C- or better); or Consent of Instructor.Application of theoretical and empirical tools of economics to the education sector. Demand for Education; Education Production and Market Structures in Education. Policy applications: class size reduction, school finance equalization, accountability, and school choice.(Letter.)Effective: 2019 Winter Quarter.

ECN160A—International Microeconomics(4)Review all entriesHistorical

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 100 or (ARE 100A, ARE 100B); or Consent of Instructor.International grade theory: impact of trade on the domestic and world economies; public policy toward external trade.Only 2 units of credit allowed to students who have completed ECN 162.(Letter.)Effective: 2016 Fall Quarter.

ECN160A—International Microeconomics(4)Review all entriesActive

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 100 or ECN 100A or ARE 100A.International grade theory: impact of trade on the domestic and world economies; public policy toward external trade.Only 2 units of credit allowed to students who have completed ECN 162.(Letter.)Effective: 2019 Winter Quarter.

ECN160B—International Macroeconomics(4)Review all entriesHistorical

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A or ECN 001AV); ECN 001B; (ECN 100 or (ARE 100A, ARE 100B)), ECN 101; or Consent of Instructor.Macroeconomic theory of an open economy. Balance of payments adjustment mechanism, international monetary economics issues; international financial institutions and their policies.Only 2 units of credit allowed to students who have completed ECN 162.(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Winter Quarter.

ECN160B—International Macroeconomics(4)Review all entriesActive

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 101.Macroeconomic theory of an open economy. Balance of payments adjustment mechanism, international monetary economics issues; international financial institutions and their policies.Only 2 units of credit allowed to students who have completed ECN 162.(Letter.)Effective: 2019 Winter Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 001A or ECN 001AV); ECN 001B; or Consent of Instructor.Intensive reading, discussion and research on selected topics from the economies of the countries of East Asia. Consult department for course scheduling.(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Spring Quarter.

ECN190—Topics in Economics(4)Active

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):Consent of Instructor.Selected topics in economic analysis and public policy. Variable content. May be repeated for credit when topic differs.(Letter.)Effective: 2007 Fall Quarter.

ECN190X—Upper-Division Seminar(1-4)Review all entriesHistorical

Seminar—1-4 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 100; ECN 101; and Consent of Instructor.In-depth examination at an upper division level of a special topic in Economics. Emphasis on focused analytical work. May not be repeated for credit. Limited enrollment.(Letter.)Effective: 2007 Fall Quarter.

ECN190X—Upper Division Seminar(1-4)Review all entriesActive

Seminar—1-4 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):(ECN 100 or ECN 100A); ECN 100B; ECN 101; and Consent of Instructor.Limited enrollment.In-depth examination at an upper division level of a special topic in Economics. Emphasis on focused analytical work. May not be repeated for credit.(Letter.)Effective: 2019 Winter Quarter.

ECN192—Internship(1-6)Review all entriesHistorical

Internship—3-18 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):Consent of Instructor. Upper division standing.Internship experience off and on campus in all subject areas offered in the Department of Economics. Supervised by a member of the staff.May be repeated for credit.(P/NP grading only.)Effective: 2014 Winter Quarter.

ECN192—Internship(1-6)Review all entriesActive

Internship—3-18 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):Consent of Instructor. Upper division standing.Internship experience off and on campus in all subject areas offered in the Department of Economics. Supervised by a member of the staff.May be repeated for credit.(P/NP grading only.)Effective: 2019 Winter Quarter.

ECN194HA—Special Study for Honors Students(4)Active

Independent Study—3 hour(s); Seminar—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):Major in Economics with senior standing; consent of instructor and completion of 135 units with a minimum GPA of 3.500 in courses counted toward the major.A program of research culminating in the writing of a senior honors thesis under the direction of a faculty advisor.(Letter.)Effective: 1997 Winter Quarter.

ECN194HB—Special Study for Honors Students(4)Active

Independent Study—3 hour(s); Seminar—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):Major in Economics with senior standing; consent of instructor and completion of 135 units with a minimum GPA of 3.500 in courses counted toward the major.A program of research culminating in the writing of a senior honors thesis under the direction of a faculty advisor.(Letter.)Effective: 1997 Winter Quarter.

ECN197T—Tutoring in Economics(1-5)Active

Tutorial—3-15 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):Consent of instructor and chairperson.Undergraduates assist the instructor by tutoring students in one of the department's regularly scheduled courses. May be repeated up to 10 Unit(s).(P/NP grading only.)Effective: 2004 Fall Quarter.

Lecture—4 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 200B.Uncertainty and information economics. Individual decision making under uncertainty. Introduction to game theory, with emphasis on applications
to markets with firms that are imperfect competitors or consumers that are imperfectly informed.(Same course as Agricultural and Resource Economics 200C.)(Letter.)Effective: 1997 Winter Quarter.

ECN200C—Microeconomic Theory(4)Review all entriesActive

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 200B.Uncertainty and information economics. Individual decision making under uncertainty. Introduction to game theory, with emphasis on applications to markets with firms that are imperfect competitors or consumers that are imperfectly informed.(Same course as ARE 200C.)(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Fall Quarter.

Lecture/Discussion—4 hour(s).Economic history of the eastern hemisphere in the modern period. Medieval Europe or other regions may be studied, depending on student interest.(Letter.)Effective: 1997 Winter Quarter.

ECN210B—Economic History(4)Active

Lecture/Discussion—4 hour(s).The United States from Colonial times to the present. Other areas of the
western hemisphere may be studied, according to student interest.(Letter.)Effective: 1997 Winter Quarter.

Lecture—4 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ARE 100A; ARE 100B; ECN 101; ARE 204/ECN 204 and ECN 160A-ECN 160B recommended.Review of the principal theoretical and empirical issues whose analysis has formed development economics. Analysis of economic development theories and development strategies and their application to specific
policy issues in developing country contexts.(Same course as ARE 214.)(Letter.)Effective: 1997 Winter Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 215A.Extension of development theory and microeconomic methods. Agricultural growth and technological change; poverty and income inequality; multisectoral, including village and regional models. Computable general equilibrium methods and applications.(Same course as ARE 215C.)(Letter.)Effective: 1999 Fall Quarter.

ECN215D—Environmental & Economic Development(4)Active

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 200A; (ECN 204 or ARE 275).Interdisciplinary course drawing on theoretical and empirical research on interactions between environmental resource use and economic development processes. Analysis of issues emerging at the interface of environmental and development economics.(Same course as ARE 215D.)(Letter.)Effective: 1998 Spring Quarter.

ECN216—Energy & Climate Policy(4)Active

Lecture—3 hour(s); Extensive Writing/Discussion.Prerequisite(s):ECN 100A or ARE 100A; or Consent of Instructor.Pass One restricted to graduate students in the following programs: Economics, Energy Graduate Group, and Transportation Technology and Policy Graduate Group.Fundamentals of energy technology, economics, and policy. Survey and analysis of current and prospective climate policies at the local and global level, including but not limited to cap-and-trade, emissions offsets, intensity standards, technology standards, mandates and subsidies.(Same course as EGG 202.)(Letter.)Effective: 2018 Spring Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 200C; ECN 240B.Advanced topics in economics of the public sector, with emphasis on current research. Topics differ from year to year.(Letter.)Effective: 2001 Fall Quarter.

ECN233—Poverty & Public Policy(4)Active

Lecture/Discussion—4 hour(s).Interdisciplinary course covering qualitative and quantitative U.S. based poverty research. Topics include measurement, statistics, theories and evidence on the causes and consequences of poverty, and the history and efficacy of major anti-poverty programs. (Letter.)Effective: 2016 Fall Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):Graduate standing or consent of instructor.Prepares students for econometric theory and empirical work by examining the statistical foundation of econometrics. Special attention is paid to problems specific to non-experimental data common to social sciences. Topics from matrix algebra are also covered.(Same course as ARE 239.)(Letter.)Effective: 2016 Fall Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 240B; or Consent of Instructor.Probability theory; estimation, inference and forecasting of time series models; trends and non-standard asymptotic theory; vector time series methods and cointegration; time series models for higher order moments and transition data; state-space modeling and the Kalman filter. (Same course as ARE 240C.)(Letter.)Effective: 2016 Fall Quarter.

ECN240D—Cross Section Econometrics(4)Active

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 240B; or Consent of Instructor.Estimation and inference for nonlinear regression models for cross-section data; models for discrete data and for limited dependent variables; models for panel data; additional topics such as bootstrap and semiparametric regression.(Same course as ARE 240D.)(Letter.)Effective: 2016 Fall Quarter.

ECN240E—Topics in Time Series Econometrics(4)Active

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 240C; or Consent of Instructor.Modern econometric techniques for time series data. Expand on topics covered in ECN 240A, ECN 240B, ECN 240C. Content may differ year to year.(Same course as ARE 240E.)(Letter.)Effective: 2016 Fall Quarter.

Seminar—4 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 260A.Analysis of foreign investment and its links to trade; theories of the firm as they relate to firm's export and investment decisions; and an introduction to the political economy of trade policies.(Letter.)Effective: 1999 Winter Quarter.

ECN260D—Topics in International Macroeconomics(4)Active

Seminar—4 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 260B; or Consent of Instructor.Survey of current literature in international macroeconomic theory.(Letter.)Effective: 1998 Spring Quarter.

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 200D; ECN 200E.Modern theories and empirics of economic growth beginning with the neoclassical theories up to current endogenous growth models. Emphasis on the analysis of human capital and growth, technological innovation, its diffusion and empirical evidence on growth.
(Letter.)Effective: 2002 Fall Quarter.

ECN270B—Economics of Growth(4)Active

Lecture—3 hour(s); Discussion—1 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):ECN 200D; ECN 200E.Empirical analysis of growth patterns and growth models. Emphasis on the relationship between macroeconomic management and long-term growth; the use of foreign capital in accelerating growth and its occasional mishaps; the comparison of growth performance in East Asia and Latin America since WW2; the experiences of centrally-planned economies and transitions to market-based growth; and the transformation from an industrial economy to a knowledge economy. (Letter.)Effective: 2003 Winter Quarter.

Discussion—2 hour(s).Bridge the gap between students' classwork and their subsequent research. Topics such as the origination of a research project, some mechanics of empirical research and hints on the submission of research papers.(S/U grading only.)Effective: 1997 Winter Quarter.

ECN290—Topics in Economics(4)Active

Seminar—4 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):Consent of Instructor.Selected topics in economic analysis and public policy, focusing on current research.May be repeated for credit.(Letter.)Effective: 1997 Winter Quarter.

ECN291—Contemporary Economics Seminar(2)Active

Seminar—2 hour(s).Prerequisite(s):Graduate standing in Economics.Seminar series on topics of current interest. May be repeated for credit.(S/U grading only.)Effective: 2007 Fall Quarter.