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The purpose of this study is to determine whether PROSTVAC alone or in combination with GM-CSF is effective in prolonging overall survival in men with few or no symptoms from metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer.

Overall survival [ Time Frame: Survival will be assessed over the life of the study ]

Overall survival will be measured for all patients until the required number of events per comparison arm is reached.

Secondary Outcome Measures
:

Proportion of event-free patients compared with placebo [ Time Frame: Events will be measured at baseline and 6 months ]

This endpoint will measure the proportion of patients receiving PROSTVAC with or without GM-CSF who remain event-free (radiological progression, pain progression, initiation of chemotherapy, or death) at 6 months compared to placebo.

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Metastasis to organ systems other than lymph nodes and/or bone. Estimated PSA doubling time of <1 month as established within 6 months of the anticipated first dose of vaccine or placebo.

Concurrent or prior Provenge (sipuleucel-T) immunotherapy for prostate cancer. Receipt of an investigational agent within 30 days (or 60 days for an antibody-based therapy) of the first planned dose of PROSTVAC-V/F.

History of prior malignancies other than prostate cancer within the past 3 years, excluding successfully resected basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.

Congestive heart failure (NYHA Class II, III, or IV), unstable angina, ventricular or hemodynamically significant atrial arrhythmia, or cardiovascular disease such as stroke or myocardial infarction (current or within the past 6 months) Confirmed positive for HIV, hepatitis B, and /or hepatitis C. Immunodeficiency or splenectomy. History of or active autoimmune disease, persons with vitiligo are not excluded. Diabetics are not excluded if the condition is well controlled.

History of atopic dermatitis or active skin condition (acute, chronic, exfoliative) that disrupts the epidermis.