Bornean Families

Megophrys baluensis

Kinabalu Horned Frog

Megophrys baluensis is known from Mt. Kinabalu, Crocker Range and neighboring mountains of Sarawak and Kalimantan. It is a montane species that occurs in primary forest between 1200–1900 m asl.

This frog is brown above with dark markings and some rows of warts on the back. It has multiple small "horns" above the eye. The nout is short and a nasal projection is absent. It lives sympatrically with Megophrys kobayashii, a larger species.

All species of the Genera Megophrys have typical tadpoles that cannot be confused with any other tadpoles:

The mouth labia are enlarged and form a funnel. In resting position it is slightly folded and the corners point upwards. When the tadpoles swims up to the water surface, the funnel spreads out and is used as a structure that channels water with small particles (pollen, durst, bacteria) to the mouth. The small particles are filtered from the water in the gill chamber.

Reliable keys to determine tadpoles in the field have not been established yet. The tadpole depicted below was assigned to the species on the basis of DNA matching with an adult frog.

This species reaches a maximum size of 70 mm in females and 45 mm in males.