Jobs of the Future

Despite the Federal Reserve’s extraordinary printing and the U.S. Government’s extraordinary spending measures during the last twelve months, it looks like the only job categories with growth potential are printing press operator, ditch diggers, ditch fillers, whatever they call the guys handing out trillions in government largesse, Treasury Department comedians tickling Chinese funny bones by saying they favor a strong U.S. dollar and people installing Stimulus signs at highway projects.

The signs are about taking credit. An acquaintance fairly high up in the Electrician’s Union told me about a big infrastructure construction project in Philadelphia’s Germantown section that has been underway for two years and is already nearly completed. A representative of the Federal Government recently entered the construction trailer and announced that the work was now a Federal stimulus project. A big sign then was put up at the site to prove it. Two years from now, expect Obama’s re-election campaign to claim this project as one of his stimulus accomplishments.

Unemployment on the Rise

Employment in the U.S. peaked in November, 2007 at 146.6 million people. As of December 2009, only 137.8 million Americans were employed — a loss of 8.8 million jobs in 25 months. Using the official (U3) measurement, the unemployment rate is 10%. Using the broader, more realistic (U6) measurement, the rate is 16.3%. If you add in discouraged workers who were defined out of the calculation during the Clinton Administration, the rate has reached 22%.

That’s on a par with the 25% unemployment rate during the Great Depression. The current employment-to-population ratio of 58.2% is down to levels last seen before women entered the workforce en masse during the 1970s. And the economy continues to lose more than 200,000 jobs per month. That can’t go on forever. Recessions always end. Butwhat are the industries that will lead us out of this horrific downturn and provide the jobs of the future?

Where the Jobs Are

During the last two years of economic turmoil, while the real economy was shedding 8.8 million jobs, government (federal, state, and local) was adding 300,000 jobs. There are now 22.5 million government employees in the U.S. Think about that for just a moment. One in every six jobs in the U.S. is a government job. But what the government workers produce, build or sell is nothing at all. Nada by the carload. They shuffle paper and spend our tax dollars. They are a sinker tied around the neck of the American economy.

And government spending, which is only part of the problem, is poised to surge to levels not seen since the Vietnam War. The distribution of GDP by activity shows a disturbing trend over the last five decades. You can see this trend in the chart below. It paints a picture of a country that has transformed from a young, healthy society that produced capital goods and built things with support from financial services, into a sickly nation that has outsourced production and filled the gap with high finance.

Industry

1970

1980

1990

2000

2008

Manufacturing

22.7%

20.0%

16.3%

14.5%

11.5%

Construction

4.8%

4.7%

4.3%

4.4%

4.1%

Retail & Wholesale Trade

14.5%

14.0%

12.9%

12.7%

11.9%

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate

14.6%

15.9%

18.0%

19.7%

20.0%

Professional Services

5.4%

6.7%

9.8%

11.6%

12.7%

Educational Services

0.7%

0.6%

0.7%

0.8%

1.0%

Health Services

3.2%

4.4%

6.0%

6.1%

7.1%

Government

15.2%

13.8%

13.9%

12.3%

12.9%

Other

18.9%

19.9%

18.1%

17.9%

18.8%

TOTAL

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

Source: BEA

Where the Jobs Will Be

Knowing how this chart will look in 2020 would help us position our investments to ride the trends. Based on clear demographic patterns and expected government programs, it is virtually certainty that health services will reach 10% of GDP and government spending will exceed 15% of GDP.

American consumers are still burdened with $13.8 trillion of household debt and will be deleveraging for the next decade as they try to save enough for a semi-comfortable retirement. This will cut retailing’s share of GDP. Given that the country is over-housed, over-malled and over-officed, construction will not be leading the charge. Given the competitive disadvantage of union labor, onerous government regulation and the coming green regulations, it is unlikely that U.S. manufacturing will be making a dramatic comeback.

With their recent track record, financial and professional services are heading for a decline as a percentage of GDP, even though massive government and Federal Reserve support will allow them to hold on to their current share for a while longer. But when Phase Two of the Depression/Crisis gets underway in 2010-2011, these industries will be further discredited and will shrink.

Two years ago, the Bureau of Labor statistics published its projections for job growth by industry and job title through 2016. This is the same government organization that has systematically under reported CPI inflation by 4% to 5% per year for decades through its adjustments and reinterpretation of the data. So I wouldn’t put much faith in their projections. Still, it’s interesting to see what they think.

(in millions)

Industry

2006

Aug. 2009

2016 Projection

Manufacturing

14.2

11.8

12.7

Construction

7.7

6.1

8.5

Retail & Wholesale Trade

21.2

20.1

22.3

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate

8.4

7.7

9.6

Professional Services

17.6

16.6

21.6

Educational Services

2.9

3.1

3.5

Health Services

14.9

16.2

19.0

Government

22.0

22.5

23.3

Other

28.0

27.1

31.5

TOTAL

136.9

131.2

152.0

Source: BLS

It’s obvious from the projections made in 2007 that the data guys at the BLS used the always-ready method of extrapolation based on recent trends. They evidently didn’t anticipate a recession between 2007 and 2016. It is highly unlikely that we will add 3 million jobs per year for the next seven years. It is a practical impossibility for construction jobs to grow by 40%, professional services jobs by 30% or finance jobs by 25%. While the BLS data shows an increase in total government jobs, within the data was a laughable projection that those gains would come at the state and local levels, but that Federal Government jobs would actually fall by 149,000 between 2006 and 2016. Not if the Obama administration has anything to say about it.

The BLS list of fastest-growing occupations between 2006 and 2016 paints a disturbing picture. Among the 30 fastest-growing occupations, I could only find two that produce something of long-lasting value (network systems and data communications analysts and computer software engineers). The list is littered with the likes of:

Personal and home care aides

Home health aides

Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors

Skin care specialists

Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators

Mental health counselors

Mental health and substance abuse social workers

Gaming and sports book writers and runners

Manicurists and pedicurists

Environmental science and protection technicians, including health

By the above list, it would appear that we are destined to become a nation of sickly obese people confined to our homes, with good skin and nails, playing the lottery but mentally impaired from worrying about global warming.

The truth is that the BLS has no clue where growth will come from. Many of the industries and jobs of the future haven’t yet been imagined.

One likely candidate is nanotechnology. Something as game-changing as the internet has been is likely to come from this area in the next decade.

And if Peak Oil pushes crude up to $200 a barrel, alternative energy will become a growth industry even without force-feeding from the government. (Bet against anything that relies entirely on government subsidies to be economic, e.g., ethanol.) Research into algae as an energy source could be a winner. Geothermal power and ocean wave power are other areas that hold promise. The widespread use of mini-nuclear plants has excellent prospects.

The aging of the baby boomers is a given, which means that medical technology is a growth area, provided the government healthcare “reform” doesn’t turn it into a dead industry.

An aging country dependent upon oil and debt for sustenance is not the ideal place to invest, and that may be the conclusion that many come to, giving a boost to emerging economies. Domestically, technology – including medical technology – and alternative energy look to provide the best chance for the United States to regain some of its lost prosperity, and therefore are potential areas of focus for investors.

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About Greg Fielding

I am a longtime real estate agent who has pretty much seen it all during the housing boom as bust. With experience in selling high-end property and low-end foreclosures, raw land, short sales, development work, apartment buildings, and working with investors, I bring a well-rounded perspective to my work.I also have started to do some paid real estate consulting. If you have questions or just need some good real estate advice, book an appointment at http://whattodorealestate.com/In addition to selling real estate, my insights have been featured in The New York Times, The Big Picture, and regularly on Patrick.net. I have also done consulting work with ForeclosureRadar.Starting my career, in 2003, I have sold homes throughout Alameda and Contra Costa counties, specializing in Danville, Alamo, Blackhawk, San Ramon, Dublin, Pleasanton, Walnut Creek, Lafayette, and Orinda. I live in Danville with my three kids.

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