Saturday, October 10, 2009

Avro was a British aircraft manufacturer, with numerous landmark designs such as the Avro 504 trainer in the First World War, theAvro Lancaster, one of the pre-eminent bombers of the Second World War, and the delta wing Avro Vulcan, a stalwart of the Cold War.

But today i'm going to show you the two most interesting aircraft by this British company, or must i say ufos?

Avroplane

The Avroplane was part of a 1950s "air jeep" project, Project Y, which also produced the Avro-cardisc-form aircraft. It was developed by A.V. Roe, a subsidiary of Hawker Siddeley.

The prototype VTOL craft was a tail-sitter (intended to take off and land from a vertical position), and achieve speeds of 2,500 mph (4000 km/h). It used radial flow engines, ducting exhaust gases out through several small nozzles.

This apparently gave the jet good performance, whilst reducing its infra-red signature to heat-seeking missiles by dispersing the exhaust.

The sleek, shallow fuselage also reduced the Avroplane's radar cross-section. Both concepts would resurface in later stealth designs.

Why it was abandoned is unknown, but work subsequently continued on the Avro-car. There were no test flights or subsequent production models of the Avroplane

Avro-Car

In 1953 the Toronto Star reported on the development by Avro Canada of a disc-shaped VTOL (Vertical Takeoff and Landing) aircraft. In February it was officially announced that a mock-up of the craft, designed by British engineer John Frost and developed by the Malton, Ontario plant, had been made - and indeed, photographs exist of technicians smiling from its twin cockpits.

The project of which the Avro-car was a part was originally known as Project Y, funded by Canada, but was taken over by the U.S. Air Force in late 1953 - early 1954, as their Project 606, with an interest by the US Army.

It was hoped that the vehicle, designated VZ-9V, would ascend vertically and reach flight speeds of 1,500 mph (2,400 km/hr). The President of Avro Canada wrote in Aero News that the prototype being built was so revolutionary that it would make other designs obsolete. The craft was officially named the Avro-Car.

By 1960 about 10 million dollars had been spent on the project. During tests, the aircraft could not rise more than four or five feet above the ground without becoming very unstable. Attempts were made to design mechanisms to increase its stability without success.

It was hoped that the project would consolidate the future of the A.V. Roe company, but it was discontinued in 1961, and A.V. Roe went out of business. The prototype was placed in a military museum at Fort Eustis, Virginia. One view was that the failed project was simply window-dressing to cover tests of a captured alien flying disc.

The Avro-Car was (depending on the source of the information) 18 or 25 feet in diameter, and weighed 3600 lb. It was powered by three centrally mounted gas turbine engines driving a 5 feet diam. central fan used for vertical takeoff. Once in the air the turbo-jet exhaust would be shifted to the rear giving the vehicle forward thrust to allow the aerodynamic body to generate lift.