Frequently Asked Questions

What is AQUA OH–!™ Hydroxide Water Concentrate and how is it made?

To answer this, we must begin at the beginning. Without water, life would not exist. It is that simple. Since water is the basis of all life, it is important to understand a little bit about it. (For clarity, water will refer to the aqueous solution and will be differentiated from the water molecule, its main constituent component.) A water molecule consists of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms held together by a covalent bond. A covalent bond is a chemical bond in which atoms share electron pairs. The water molecule is also a polar molecule with an electrical dipole moment. This means it has both a positive and a negative side or pole. Water as a substance can form a large number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. All of these factors lead to the strong attractive forces water exhibits and make water a good polar solvent. This fact also makes water a universal solvent, meaning substances dissolve in water rather than water losing its chemical integrity. This, however, is just the beginning.

Even pure water consists of more than just water molecules. It also has ions called hydroxide (a negative ion that donates a hydrogen proton) and hydronium (a positive ion that accepts a hydrogen proton). These ions develop in water through a process called self-ionization. Self-ionization happens when water molecules freely exchange a hydrogen proton forming both hydroxide (OH–, a negative ion or anion) and hydronium (H3O+, a positive ion or cation). These ions exist in very small amounts in the overall aqueous solution but they do play an important role in water. These ions occur because water has an amphiprotic nature, meaning it can act as both an acid and a base. This then is the power of water; it can transform itself to suit its environment and always seeks to maintain an equilibrium between the positive and the negative. We seek to harness this power with our product.

Using several natural processes, we are able to obtain a saturated hydroxide solution (hydroxide concentrate) from limestone. Because we start with limestone, there is a natural calcium residual present. This is why each serving (1 ounce of AQUA OH–!™ concentrate) has a trace amount of calcium, roughly 30 mgs. This hydroxide concentrate is a potent water creator teeming with hydroxide anions (OH–) that seek out acidic hydrogen ions (H+). When the two combine, they create harmless water. This, in turn, protects the vital blood oxygen levels, allowing the body to operate more efficiently.

Our product transforms the natural properties of water and energizes them to remove acidity from the body. By drinking AQUA OH–!™ you release the inherent acid hunting capacity of the hydroxide anion. When it combines with hydrogen, it forms a harmless water molecule and returns to a state of equilibrium. This protects the blood oxygen levels and restores harmony to the body.

AQUA OH–!™ Transforms Any Water

In an ideal world distilled or reverse osmosis water would be the best waters to use with AQUA OH–! concentrate because they have the least impurities and foreign substances in them. But we live in the real world and AQUA OH–!™ concentrate is so powerful it can transform any water into an acid eliminating dynamo. See our Supercharge page for more information on the power of AQUA OH–!™.

Please do NOT add fruit or citrus juices, sweeteners, or anything else to diluted AQUA OH–!™. The only exception to this rule is the few sweeteners listed on the Supercharge chart.

Why drink AQUA OH–!™ on an empty stomach?

Our second recommendation is to drink AQUA OH–!™ on an EMPTY stomach. If you consume AQUA OH–!™ on an empty stomach, you have a greater chance of getting the most AQUA OH–! into the small intestine, where it can be absorbed into the blood stream and do its magic. We make these recommendations because we want you to get the most benefit from our product.

If you experience any queasiness when starting out, eat a couple of crackers or a little toast to dampen the strength of the product. This should only be done for a few days at most and then discontinued once your body has adjusted to the strength of our product. For full efficacy an empty stomach is always best but a short period of adjustment may be necessary.
With this in mind, the ideal time to drink diluted AQUA OH–!™ would be first thing in the morning before eating or drinking anything else. You can mix up your diluted AQUA OH–!™ the night before (stored in a sealed container) and have it ready to ‘slam down’ first thing in the morning when you get up! Hydrating your body first thing in the morning is a great way to start your day. We would recommend a minimum 4 to 8 ounces of diluted AQUA OH–!™ first thing in the morning and the remainder throughout the day based on body weight. See our Mixing Instructions brochure for more details.

After drinking your morning diluted AQUA OH–!™ you will want to wait 15-20 minutes before having your coffee or breakfast. Why? Because drinking or eating too soon after consuming dilutedAQUA OH–! may prompt a digestive acid reaction with AQUA OH–!™. Waiting 15-20 minutes will allow the optimum amount of AQUA OH–!™ to pass into the small intestine before waking up your stomach! During the day if you have eaten something, it is best to wait about an hour or so before drinking your diluted AQUA OH–!™. This allows the stomach acid to subside, thus minimizing any acid reaction with AQUA OH–!™.

Starting out, we also recommend to STOP drinking diluted AQUA OH–!™ at least 3-4 hours before bedtime. Why? Some find that the ‘energy boost’ from diluted AQUA OH–!™ keeps them awake. This is due to increased availability of your own oxygen.
Keep in mind that stomach acid is NOT always present in the stomach sloshing around all day and night. Stomach acid is only required for digestion. Therefore, an empty stomach has little or no acid in it. For more information on stomach acid, refer to that section later in this document.

If you experience any queasiness when starting out, eat a couple of crackers or a little toast to dampen the strength of the product. This should only be done for a few days at most and then discontinued once your body has adjusted to the strength of our product. For full efficacy an empty stomach is always best but a short period of adjustment may be necessary.

AQUA OH–!™ and Stomach Acid

The stomach is a very acidic environment and AQUA OH–!™ is very alkaline. Logically one would assume the two cannot co-exist or operate in harmony but such an assumption would be in error. Although the stomach is a very acidic environment when food is present, it does not exist in a state of perpetual high acidity. Otherwise, it would digest itself. The stomach only produces acid when it needs it for digestion and otherwise returns to a lower acidic state. Because there is always some acidity in the stomach, AQUA OH–!™ will react with this acid. The goal is to limit this interaction and allow as much of the hydroxide present in AQUA OH–!™ to pass through the stomach into the small intestine for absorption. Getting hydroxide into the blood stream in the highest concentration possible will provide the greatest benefit to the AQUA OH–!™ user. However, this does not mean that when the AQUA OH–!™ reacts with stomach acid no benefit is derived. Quite the contrary. Neutralizing the acid present in the stomach, forces the body to produce more acid. When the body produces more acid, it also produces sodium bicarbonate. The acid is released into the stomach and the bicarbonate is released into the blood stream. This bicarbonate helps reduce the acidity in the blood, which is the same purpose the hydroxide serves. The AQUA OH–!™ that is neutralized by the acid actually helps reduce the acidity in the blood through this bicarbonate production. The bicarbonate therefore compliments the overall goal of acid reduction via the hydroxide in AQUA OH–!™.

The conclusion… drinking diluted AQUA OH–!™ on an empty stomach will allow the most hydroxide to pass through the stomach to get into the blood. The hydroxide that does interact with whatever minimal amount of stomach acid is present produces a secondary and complimentary function. It forces the body to direct more acid out of the blood stream and into the stomach, which is a benefit.

If you experience queasiness when starting out with AQUA OH–!™, please refer to FAQ “Why drink AQUA OH–!™ on an empty stomach?” for a discussion of this topic.

Will AQUA OH–!™ potentially hinder digestion, due to reduction of digestive acid?

Yes AQUA OH–!™ can interfere with digestion if it is taken at the same time as food because it will neutralize the stomach acid. This is why we recommend taking it on an empty stomach. If you consume AQUA OH–!™ on an empty stomach, you have a greater chance of getting the most AQUA OH–!™ into the small intestine, where it can be absorbed into the blood stream and do its magic. We make these recommendations because we want you to get the most benefit from our product.

See FAQs “Why Drink AQUA OH–!™ on an Empty Stomach” and “AQUA OH–!™ and Stomach Acid” for more information on this subject.

What containers will work best to drink AQUA OH–!™ from?

Glass, stainless steel, or BPA free plastic containers are all fine to drink from or store pre mixed solutions of AQUA OH–!™.

Alkalinity vs. Acidity

Alkalinity is a measure of the quantitative ability of a base to neutralize an acid. There are two basic methods of neutralization: 1) buffering through addition of alkaline substances and 2) elimination through transformation. The most common method of neutralization is the addition of an alkaline substance that provides a negative charge to counter the positive charge of the hydrogen proton. This is the basis of most of the buffering systems found in the body. This is also the basis of most alkaline waters. In alkaline waters this is accomplished by the addition of alkaline minerals, trace minerals, or electrolytes. But the addition of an alkaline substance does not remove the acidity, rather it merely counters it with an opposite charge.

Bombarding the body with alkaline food and water will not solve the problem of excess acidity and is not the goal of AQUA OH–!™. The body has a remarkable pH balancing system and is able to keep separate parts of the body either acidic, neutral, or alkaline depending on what biological processes are taking place. AQUA OH–!™ seeks to support the body as it regulates itself. It just so happens that AQUA OH–!™ has a high alkalinity because of the acid hunting capability of the hydroxide ion found in our concentrate.

AQUA OH–!™ is not a typical alkaline water. Most alkaline waters obtain their pH by adding minerals or sodium bicarbonate to the water. We do not do this. AQUA OH–!™’s pH comes from the concentrated presence of the hydroxide ion, not from the presence of minerals or sodium bicarbonate.

The problem with pH measurements is that they do not differentiate between the buffering of acidity and the elimination of acidity. But the measurement does matter if you understand the mechanism behind it. The pH of AQUA OH–!™ is listed on our bottle of a least pH of 12 and on our lab results of 13. This is higher than any other alkaline water on the market and yet it is not caustic. For AQUA OH–!™ the pH measures the capacity of our hydroxide to neutralize acid through elimination not mere buffering as is the case with other alkaline waters. It is an important measurement because it helps identify the potential for our product to eliminate the excess acid (hydrogen protons) in the body. These acids can compromise the body’s vital oxygen levels that are so important to body functions. However, remember, you must dilute the concentrate before consumption.

Do Alkaline Ionizing machines provide the same results as AQUA OH–!™ water?

The answer is yes and no. There are many different alkaline ionizing machines on the market, with each claiming a different method of operation or benefit. Since many of these claims are marketing driven, we will stick to only the true science involved and not the hype. Alkaline ionizing water machines use electro-magnetism to remove one hydrogen proton from a water molecule and therefore form hydroxide (OH–) and hydrogen (H+). Ionizers produce both an alkaline and an acidic water effluent (discharge). This ionized hydroxide solution is for drinking while the acidic hydrogen effluent is for cleaning or is discarded. All alkaline ionizers require the presence of minerals to form the alkaline hydroxide.

Here are the differences between alkaline machines and AQUA OH–!™:

The first major drawback to ionizing machines or alkaline water machines is the initial cost. Most machines cost at least one thousand dollars and go up from there into thousands of dollars. Add to this the cost of replacement filters.

The machines require minerals, usually either calcium, potassium, or magnesium in order for the ionization to take place. These can come from the source water or added in the filtration process. Our hydroxide concentrate has less minerals because we are able to remove almost all of them through our natural process.

Because the machines are creating the hydroxide, they cannot get the concentration of hydroxide we are able to obtain through our natural processing.

Claims of water molecule transformation by some machines are dubious at best. We make no such claims and only seek to use the natural properties inherent in water.

Claims that H2 helps the body are clearly questionable at this time, especially by ingestion.

Since electricity generates the ions, especially the hydroxide ion, there is a question about the longevity of these generated ions. Alkaline ionized water must be consumed within a short period or it will revert to just water with minerals, much like the initial water supply itself. The beneficial hydroxides are then lost. This is typically not an issue because users consume the water as soon as it is generated. However, it is important for the Ionized Water users to be aware of this. Our hydroxide will not dissipate in a short period if stored in a closed container.

Considering alkaline ionizing machines ionize all of the water and are not using distilled water, there is a high probability that other substances in the water are being ionized. These substances may not be beneficial to the body. Although incoming water filtration is recommended with these machines, that may not remove all volatile organic chemicals. There may still be undesirable chemicals that could be ionized. If ionization of minerals helps them penetrate the body, then wouldn’t ionization of chemicals have the same effect and be harmful? AQUA OH–!™ has none of these concerns because it contains ONLY hydroxide ions with NO added minerals.

Does drinking dissolved baking soda provide the same results as AQUA OH–!™ mixture?

Baking soda or sodium bicarbonate is an alkaline powder that neutralizes acids, including stomach acid. The body itself produces sodium bicarbonate in its attempt to regulate the pH of the blood. Introduction of dissolved baking soda into the acidic environment of the stomach will neutralize stomach acid, which in turn will force the body to produce more acid and sodium bicarbonate. This effect however, is only a secondary and complimentary mechanism in diluted AQUA OH–! whereas it is the primary mechanism with baking soda.

Baking soda by its very nature contains a lot of sodium (NA+) so there is also the danger of too much sodium absorption. It is clear that although diluted AQUA OH–!™ and baking soda share some similarities, their overall mechanism of operation is quite different. AQUA OH–!™ is mainly a hydroxide ion provider that contains no added sodium!

I heard that Otto Warburg won the Nobel Prize for proving that “the root of all cancer is too much acidity in the body and low oxygen levels”. Is this true?

No, it is not. Dr. Otto Warburg did do some cancer research and did make the simple observation that once a cell becomes cancerous, it relies upon glycolysis for its energy resulting in a higher production of acid. But, he did NOT receive the Noble Prize for proving that cancer can’t survive without adequate oxygen or in an alkaline pH. In fact, his work shows that cancer thrives just as well in an oxygenated environment that is alkaline as it does under hypoxic/anaerobic conditions. In 1931, Otto Warburg received the noble prize for his “discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme” now known as cytochrome oxidase, which transfers electrons to oxygen during aerobic metabolism. In 1944, he was nominated for a second Nobel prize for his discovery and work on flavoproteins used for dehydrogenation reactions with their coenzymes.

Blood pH and AQUA OH–!™

The body has a remarkable ability to maintain a blood pH in a 7.35-7.45 range. Measurements outside of this range mean something is seriously wrong. For this reason, trying to measure blood pH will not determine either the need for or the efficacy of AQUA OH–!™. The blood can carry much acidity in it and still fall within this range. The more important measure is the oxygen content of the blood. AQUA OH–!™ will help increase oxygen in the blood by freeing oxygen held captive by acids. This tends to stops acids from depleting the vital oxygen levels in the blood.

Ozonated water and AQUA OH–!™

Ozonated water should not be used to create diluted AQUA OH–!™ because the potential for creating hydrogen peroxide is present and unpredictable. Although hydrogen peroxide has many potential benefits, its production cannot be predicted or controlled when using AQUA OH–!™. It should therefore be avoided. Again, we only want you to get the maximum benefit of our product.

AQUA OH–!™ Expiration Date Both Concentrate and Diluted

Although we have a Best By date on the bottles set at three years from production, there is no real expiration date on the product as long as it stays sealed in the bottle. Hydroxide will not dissipate over time unless it has something with which to combine. If there is nothing to combine with, then it will remain suspended in the water.

The same holds true when it is mixed for drinking. As long as the mixture is in a sealed container the potency of the hydroxide will remain indefinitely.

Can AQUA OH–!™ cause metabolic alkalosis?

When taken as directed, this is not a possibility. In theory, if the pure concentrate was ingested in large enough amounts, it is possible that an imbalance may occur in the body. However, the amount needed would be extraordinary because free hydroxide is not base enough to cause metabolic alkalosis like an overload of alkaline minerals could.

Can AQUA OH–!™ enhance growth of yeast and fungus?

The question assumes yeast and fungus thrive in an alkaline environment and that AQUA OH–!™ would exacerbate this. AQUA OH–!™ is not meant to establish an alkaline environment, but rather to combat an acidic environment and re-establish balance. AQUA OH–!™ provides the body with the tools needed for its own buffering system to work properly and does not itself adversely influence the environment the body creates when working properly.

What effect does AQUA OH–!™ have on the cardiovascular system?

Because AQUA OH–!™ increases the body’s own available oxygen by reducing acidity, it necessarily would benefit all body systems including the cardiovascular system. By reducing the body’s acidic load, the cardiovascular system would be less stressed.

Can AQUA OH–!™ cause dehydration?

The mechanism of action in AQUA OH–!™ creates more water while neutralizing acid, it does not deplete the body of water. AQUA OH–!™ is rich in hydroxide (OH–) that combines with the rogue acid in the body (H+) to create water and neutralize the acid [OH– + H+ = H2O]. So AQUA OH–!™ has two sources of hydration, the water the hydroxide is suspended in and the water it creates neutralizing acids. The water created by AQUA OH–!™ can be used by the body for hydration or eliminated.

It is possible for some people to experience more thirst when first starting AQUA OH–!™. This is not because AQUA OH–!™ is causing dehydration but rather because the body needs more water to help cleanse itself while it re-balances its acid/alkaline ratios. Under such circumstances it is beneficial to drink extra regular water so as to give the body what it needs during this cleansing process without priming the pump to cause the cleansing to speed up.

The best rule of thumb is that as long as the person’s urine is not dark but slightly yellow to clear, then dehydration is not occurring. If it is dark then stop the AQUA OH–!™ and seek medical help.

Will drinking AQUA OH–!™ cause me to urinate more frequently?

Initially, yes. As excess acidity is removed and released from the body through the basic conversion to water, you may see an increase in urination. This is a positive sign. The body will balance itself over time and urination frequency will decrease. Keep in mind this will vary from person to person based on the initial acidity level or dehydration status of an individual.

What effect does AQUA OH–!™ have on medications?

Because AQUA OH–!™ is very low in any minerals and mainly just hydroxide suspended in water, there is very little in it that can react with medication. It is possible, however, that a person’s medication may work better as they take AQUA OH–!™ as the body realigns and regains its balance in its acid/alkaline ratios. As the body works more efficiently, it may need less medication to accomplish the same results. This is something that should be monitored.

As most industry professionals know, properly diluted calcium hydroxide is not caustic or dangerous to drink. Find out why here.

Research has demonstrated that hydroxide ions do not exist alone even though acid/base theory treats them as if they do. Normally hydroxide ions come attached to alkali or alkaline minerals. A cursory exploration of hydroxide minerals can bring about some unsettling questions. Sodium hydroxide is also known as caustic soda, potassium hydroxide is also known as caustic potash, and calcium oxide is also known as caustic lime. Calcium hydroxide can also be called caustic lime. All of these sounds very dangerous and something you would not want to ingest.

Yet the fact remains sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide are all found in alkaline waters whether bottled or made with an alkalinizing machine. Beyond this, calcium hydroxide as slaked lime is used widely throughout the food industry and as limewater is used in food preparation through a process called nixtamalization. Furthermore, magnesium hydroxide can be found in antacids and laxatives.

In searching for an answer to this apparent paradox several facts became clear. First, the hydroxides in question are most caustic in their dry or powdered states. This is especially true of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium oxide/hydroxide. The reason is clear, they are more concentrated in this form. Once water is added to the equation then their caustic nature becomes diluted. This is especially true of calcium oxide/hydroxide. Calcium oxide is hydrated to form powdered calcium hydroxide. Calcium hydroxide can be further hydrated to form limewater. Each of these steps further dilute any caustic properties.

Second, alkaline waters do not add the hydroxides to the water but rather use the minerals to help form the hydroxides in the first place. As noted, most alkaline waters are ionized at some point in their manufacturing. Ionization can only take place if minerals are present. In this case, ionization is the process by which a water molecule is broken into its constituent parts, namely a hydroxide ion (OH–) and a hydrogen proton (H+). The hydroxide then needs a mineral to attach to or it will recombine with the hydrogen. Depending on where the ionization takes place in the manufacturing process, will determine how much of a water’s mineral content will be used in creating hydroxide. The types of minerals also play a role in determining their ability to be used in the ionization process. Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide all form readily in the ionization process.

Finally, it becomes clear that hydroxide in its different forms is not necessarily caustic. Or more precisely, hydroxide is not by its very nature caustic. The forms of hydroxide found in alkaline waters are certainly not caustic. If they were, you would not be able to touch let alone drink them. The way the hydroxides are made and the diluted nature of these hydroxides are the reasons for this fact.

Noting the various forms of hydroxide present in most alkaline waters, the question became – is one better than the others? Interestingly the answer is an emphatic yes but for reasons that were not at first apparent. A more important question led to the determination that one hydroxide was clearly better than the others. This question was – is electro-magnetic ionization of water the only way to produce drinkable hydroxide that can be readily used by the body? The answer was a surprising no.

Which Hydroxide is Best?

So how else do you produce drinkable hydroxide if not through the process of electro-magnetic ionization of water? Nature itself provides the answer in the form of limestone. Locked within limestone is calcium hydroxide that when released will provide the most free hydroxide ions of any of the mineral hydroxides. Through the natural process of adding heat to limestone, quicklime (calcium oxide) is formed. When water is added to the quicklime, calcium hydroxide (also known as slaked lime) forms. When more water is added to the calcium hydroxide it becomes hydrated lime (aka limewater) and the hydroxide ions are partially released from their calcium ion counterparts within the aqueous solution. This is natural ionization brought about through hydration rather than forced ionization brought about through electro-magnetic means.
As noted above, calcium hydroxide is used throughout the food industry because of its low toxicity and mild nature. When you add to this the ability to accomplish ionization through natural means, it becomes clear that calcium hydroxide is a far superior source of hydroxide.
Further investigation into the nature of calcium hydroxide revealed that in an aqueous solution, it releases its ions mainly when it is alone and not accompanied by other hydroxides. Since water is the universal solvent, most substances break down into their constituent parts when suspended in water. Without going into great detail, it became clear that in order to utilize the hydroxide derived from natural calcium hydroxide sourced from limestone, the alkaline water should be made with only it and no other hydroxides or minerals. Further experimentation demonstrated that it was not only possible to yield a high concentration of calcium hydroxide, but that the calcium could be removed through natural means. This made for a hydroxide rich water with very little calcium or any other minerals. Please also refer to Calcium Hydroxide “Generally Recognized as Safe” by The United States Food and Drug Administration.

Does AQUA OH–!™ need to be refrigerated?

No, AQUA OH–!™ does not require refrigeration. If you like cold water you can store in the refrigerator. AQUA OH–!™ is some pretty sturdy stuff! If left in a hot car it will not be effected. If it freezes just let it thaw out. As mentioned, the most important thing is to leave the cap on while storing, in between drinking , and if you have a glass open, just drink it within 30 minutes.

Pet dosage and AQUA OH–!™

AQUA OH–!™ is as beneficial for pets as it is for humans! Prepare a mixed solution of 1 oz. of AQUA OH–!™ with 31 oz. water in container. Using 10 lbs. weight of animal as a starting point.
Use: 3 oz. diluted solution per 10 lbs. as guideline. If a bit more or less on solution won’t really matter. Have pet drink solution within 45 min to hr.

I have an Ionizer. Can I add AQUA OH–!™ to my ionized water?

Yes you can. AQUA OH–!™ is a powerful hydroxide concentrate solution. Adding AQUA OH–!™ to a water that has gone through ionization is fine and will increase the hydroxide in the water. Most waters can be “Supercharged ” by adding in AQUA OH–!™ and ionized water is no different. Click HERE for an explanation of supercharging.

Can I add AQUA OH–!™ to our 5 gallon office water cooler?

Yes AQUA OH–!™ concentrate can be added to your 5 gallon water bottle for your office water cooler. Based on our standard mixing regimen of 1 ounce of AQUA OH–!™ concentrate per 31 ounces of water, the amount of AQUA OH–!™ concentrate would be 20 ounces to the 5 gallon bottle. It is best to remover 20 ounces of water from the bottle prior to adding the concentrate.

Can I add small amounts of ionic trace minerals or pink Himalayan salt crystals to the diluted AQUA OH–!™ solution ?

Yes. Adding in trace minerals or some pink Himalayan salt will not effect the potency of the hydroxide.

Please keep in mind that some salt solutions may “settle” to the bottom so shaking the mixed solution will be required.

You may also notice some “cloudiness” or change in color.

For those on a restricted sodium plan adding in “salts” would not be recommended.

I am interested in making up 50 Gallon containers of mixed AQUA OH–!™ and storing them for an emergency. Is this OK?

Sure, we hear from many that love the fact that AQUA OH–!™ is so durable and can last basically forever. Again, just be sure the lid is tightly closed on your containers. If you have a spout to pour from once you are ready to drink the water just be sure you close it tight after each drain. Good Luck!

Can I take AQUA OH–!™ on an airplane?

Yes. You would need to fill a few 3 oz. bottles in your carry-on. Or for longer stays on domestic travel, we would be happy to send a quart or two to your destination.

ORP and AQUA OH–!™

ORP or Oxidation Reduction Potential measures the transfer of electrons between chemical species. The more positive the reading the more likely the chemical specie is to accept electrons from another source. Conversely, the more negative the number the more likely the chemical specie is to donate electrons.

In the case of hydroxide, it has an extra electron available and a correspondingly high negative ORP. Although ORP normally is seen as measuring the movement of electrons, meaning hydroxide would have an extra electron it is ready to donate; hydroxide uses its extra electron to attract protons and accomplishes its high negative ORP in this manner. Since acids have extra hydrogen protons, they have a correspondingly high positive ORP. This makes the attraction between hydroxide and acids natural and powerful. In the case of hydroxide and acids, the extra electron in hydroxide does not transfer to the acid but rather the extra hydrogen proton in the acid is removed and attached to the hydroxide forming water. Therefore, the acid is reduced in accordance with its high positive ORP and the hydroxide is the catalyst of this reduction in accordance with its high negative ORP. Because of its high concentration of hydroxide, AQUA OH–! has a very high negative ORP of -170.

So if AQUA OH–!™ is so great, why isn’t it patented?

Because you can’t patent nature. Truly natural processes cannot be patented, and we freely admit we have nothing unnatural here. When you harvest the bounty of nature through natural means, you don’t meet the requirements for a valid patent, but you do avoid the problem of synthetic substitutes. We consider that a big positive+!

Is AQUA OH–!™ Kosher?

The calcium hydroxide used in making AQUA OH–!™ is certified kosher by the manufacturer.