Photovoltaic technology makes use of the abundant energy in the sun,
and it has little impact on our environment. Photovoltaic can be used in
a wide range of products, from small consumer items to large commercial
solar electric systems.

Crystalline is the most widely used raw material for solar cell mass
production, normally, it include mono crystalline and poly crystalline.
At this moment, crystalline solar cell share roughly 90% of the whole solar
cell market. Regards to thin film solar cell, widely used semi conduction
material will be thin film silicon, CIS and CdTe. Regards to CIS(simplicity
of copper indium selenium) solar cell, the usage of singularity material
indium cause a high cost for mass production. In additional, the process
for CIS solar cell production is very complex, which make it very difficult
for mass production. Now, this technology is not mature enough for mass
production. Regards to CdTe solar cell, the usage of Cadmium, which have
been proved a cancer making material, make it unconformity with “Green”
energy. In additional, Tellurium is a very expensive material for mass production.
Compare to CIS and CdTe technology, thin film silicon solar cell is a qualified
technology for mass production.

THIN FILM Features

Crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules lose some power-generating
capability with rises in temperatures. But thin film silicon photovoltaic
modules generate higher power during summer time. Thin film silicon photovoltaic
modules can deliver maximum performance during summer when the electricity
is needed most for air-conditioners in houses and offices due to following
characteristic

Low temperature coefficient: Normally, the electricity performance
of photovoltaic module is measured by STC standard. Which include strong
sunlight(1000 W sunlight per square meter, 1.5 A solar spectrum distributing)
and 250c solar cell temperature. However, the temperature of solar module,
operating in the sun, can be higher than atmosphere temperature 280c.
The temperature of solar module, which installed at the roof of building,
can be even higher. It is not unusual for the temperature of solar module
to achieve 550c. In this case, the temperature coefficient is a very
important parameter due to various solar cell technology. The temperature
coefficient is always minus. With the temperature increase, module power
will decrease accordingly. Temperature coefficient for thin film silicon
solar cell is -0.2%/0c, and that of crystalline solar cell is -0.5%/0c.
That means, when the module is worked on 500c condition, compare to
the efficiency reached on 250c test standard , thin film silicon solar
module will loose around 5%, and the loss for crystalline will be around
12.5%. In conclusion, even the STC efficiency of thin film silicon solar
cell is low, the efficiency in actual operation condition is not far
away to that of crystalline solar cell.

Good weak light performance: The performance of thin film silicon
solar cell is better than that of crystalline solar cell in the weak
light condition. Normally, installed module worked in a strong light
of 1000 watt per square meter is very few. Ideally, output power of
solar module should be the direct portion of the intensity of sunlight.
And thin film silicon solar cell has such characteristic, however crystalline
don’t. With a situation of sunlight of 200 watt per square meter, output
power of crystalline solar module is around 85% of it should be. That
means solar power system with crystalline solar module will not generate
power in the late afternoon. However, solar power system with thin film
silicon solar cell still generates power. Furthermore, thin film silicon
has gentle current-voltage curve. This characteristic makes it easier
to pick-up the most electricity power

HOW THIN FILM IS MADE?

Hydrogen sulfide thin film silicon is the semi conductor material for
the transformation from solar light to electricity in thin film solar cell.
Typical hydrogen sulfide thin film silicon solar cell construction is shown
as following drawing:

We can see from the drawing, hydrogen sulfide thin film silicon is nipped
between a textured SnO2 film(TCO film) and back contact. And all of these
films are deposited on a glass substrate. hydrogen sulfide thin film silicon
include 2 PIN conjunction, total 6 layer thin films. P layer works as the
negative electrode, N layer as positive electrode and I layer works as the
absorbing layer. Actually, the whole PIN conjunction is a semi conduction
diode. The absorbed photon in the I layer activate one electron from one
energy level to another, which will produce an activated electron and an
ion with positive electricity. With the effect of internal electric field,
ion will move to P layer and electron will move to N layer, which will form
the voltage. And positive electrode connect with SnO2 layer and negative
electrode connect with back contact. These 2 PIN/PIN conjunctions connect
in series to increase the voltage.

The solar cells in one glass connect in series by laser scribing technology
to increase the voltage of the whole module. The single-piece-integration
process avoids mass handling and interlinkage, which is necessary for crystalline
silicon solar cell. The voltage will come out from the whole module, and
current can be extracted by a metal foil which connects with the first and
last solar cell.

Module assembly drawing is as following.

Back plate material can be glass, plastic and metal sheet.

The process route for thin film silicon solar cell has been confirmed
by mass production. The absorbing thin film silicon layer will be deposited
onto TCO coated glass in a state-or-art in-line PECVD machine with a certain
temperature. We can minimize the cross contamination, deposition time and
increase the film uniformity in our big size substrate. The usage of micromorphous
silicon layer in our process increases our transfer efficiency and minimizes
the degradation of solar cell. Detail process route is as following:

MICROMORPHOUS TECHNOLOGY

In addition to the amorphous cell, the micromorphous cell has a tandem
structure with an additional microcrystalline absorber. This layer converts
the energy of the red and near infrared spectrum, allowing an efficiency
increase of approximately 30%.

Thin film silicon solar modules are widely used for free land mounted
solar power plants, commercial roof systems and residential roof system.
Thin film silicon solar system’s energy yield per Wp can be 10% higher than
that of crystalline silicon solar system due to material’s characteristic.

Certification

Strictly designed and manufactured according to IEC 61646 & 61730 and
UL 1703 standard in a ISO 9001 certified factory. Has been certified by
TUV. UL certification is pending.

Guarantee------Declaration of warranty

Product Warranty: Free from defects in materials and workmanship
for 2 years;

Power Warranty:

Maintain more than 90% of maximum power for 10 years;

Maintain more than 80% of maximum power for 20 years.

RIDDERS Solar FRAMED series thin film solar module guarantees the highest
performance and cost efficiency. From the selection of materials including
TCO glass, EVA, back sheet, aluminum frame, junction box to optimizing all
aspects of the manufacturing and quality control processes, Framed thin
film solar modules are designed and manufactured for highest performance
with a reasonable cost.

Main Features

RIDDER’S Solar framed thin film solar module has following features:

Highest power output for framed thin film silicon solar modules.

More than 30% lighter than double glass thin film solar modules.

Made from nontoxic materials, no need to concern about the harmful
gas emission or material decomposition in the whole life of solar modules.

Anodized aluminum frames resist high wind and snow loads, together
with preinstalled cables ensuring a quick and easy installation.

A back sheet with drainage holes eliminates the risk of accumulation
of rain water or snow inside the frame.

Advanced encapsulation process ensures a high resistance against
UV, temperature and weather.

State-of-art production process and qualified raw materials guarantee
both top quality and safety.

FRAMELESS THIN FILM MODULES

RSG series thin film solar modules are packaged in a laminated glass/glass structure,
fully autoclaved for added structural stability. RSG can be widely used for BIPV buildings, solar power plants and etc.