Heads of Bodies – National and International
When it comes to MBA entrance exams life CMAT, IIFT, SNAP, etc. the knowledge of the heads of important organizations is really helpful. More often than not, you will end up getting couple of questions on these. There is also a reasonable chance that you will get a question of Match-The-Following type where this information would be really useful.
I have compiled a list of the current heads of important bodies and divided into two parts: India & International. Both of them are given below. (F) indicates that the person is a fema

CLOCKS – FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
Questions on clocks (or even calendars) are not really frequent in CAT these days. They used to be really popular few years ago. Having said that, it is always better to understand some of the basic principles and the types of problems that get asked. They might come in handy in case of other exams like CMAT, MAT, SNAP, etc.
Clock problems can be broadly classified in two categories:
a) Problems on angles
b) Problems on incorrect clocks
Problems on angles
Before we actually start solving proble

Question : Find the No of zeroes at the end of 25! +26! + 27! + 28! + 30!
Answer :
To understand this, let us understand the basic idea first
What will be the number of 0s at the end of a + b + c would depend upon the least number of 0s that any one of a or b or c has.
For eg: 300 + 120000 + 17272730 will end in 1 zero
But, if they have the same number of zeroes, we will also have to consider the last non-zero digit.
For eg: 12000 + 161237000 + 1212331000 will not end in 3 zeroes but in 4 zeroes because the last non-zero digits 2, 7 and 1 will add up to generate an extra zero.

Personal Interview Skills
Dear Student,
In this session I would like to cover some of the basic ideas about personal interviews. Since brevity is the soul of wit, and tediousness the limbs and outward flourishes, I will try to be brief.
Whom do the interviewers select?
The candidate they “like” – so your job is to be “liked” by the panel.
Attributes that normal panels like:
Honesty
Be ruthlessly honest in your answers
You should know your subject
You should understand your immediate environ
Your answering should demonstrate analysis
Listen to

Cubes and Matchstick Problems
‘If it was so, it might be; and if it were so, it would be; but as it isn't, it ain't. That's logic.’ – Tweedledee in Lewis Caroll’s Through the Looking Glass.
If the above line confused you, trust me – you are not alone. Even God can vanish in a puff of logic. To know how, you can probably jump to the end of this post. To those who choose not to skip – let us discuss few common types of Logical Reasoning problems.
Type 1:
Cube problems: A cube is given with an edge of unit ‘N’. It is painted on all faces. It is cut i

The concepts of Set Theory are applicable not only in Quant / DI / LR but they can be used to solve syllogism questions as well. Let us first understand the basics of the Venn Diagram before we move on to the concept of maximum and minimum. A large number of students get confused in this so I have listed out each area separately.
A venn diagram is used to visually represent the relationship between various sets.
What do each of the areas in the figure represent?
I – only A;
II – A and B but not C;
III – Only B;
IV – A and C but not B;
V – A and B and

Basics of functions and modifications of graphs
XAT’s Quant is always a little bit on the tougher side. It is said that the paper would be do-able and the level of difficulty will see a dip. That does not mean that the difficulty level would suddenly drop to the standard of elementary mathematics. XAT traditionally focuses more on topics like functions, probability, permutation & combination, etc. more than the CAT exam. In this post we will discuss some basic tips about functions and how graphs of functions change.
Let us see what the function y = f(x) = x3 + 7 looks like:

REMAINDERS ADVANCED
In previous posts, we have already discussed how to find out the last two digits and basic ideas of remainders. However, there are theorems by Euler, Fermat & Wilson that make calculation of remainders easier. Let’s have a look at them.
Funda 1 – Euler:
A very common mistake that students tend to make while using Euler’s Theorem in solving questions is that they forget M and N have to be co-prime to each other. There is another set of students (like me in college) who don’t even understand what to do with the theorem or

Basic Applications of Remainder Theorem
In my previous post, we discussed the cyclical nature of the remainders when an is divided by d. In this post, we will see how problems on finding out the remainder can be broken down into smaller parts.
Funda 1: Remainder of a sum when it is being divided is going to be the same as the sum of the individual remainders.
Let us look at an example for this case:
Eg: Find out the remainder when (79+80+81) is divided by 7.
If we add it up first, we get the sum as 240 and the remainder as 2 as shown bel

Cyclicity of Remainders
In this post I would like to discuss some of the really fundamental ideas that can be used to solve questions based on remainders. If you have just started your preparation for CAT 2012, you might find this article helpful. On the other hand, if you are looking for some advance stuff, I suggest that you check out some of my posts from last year on the same topic.
First of all,
What I am trying to say above is that if you divide a^n by d, the remainder can be any value from 0 to d-1.
Not only that, if you keep on increasing the

Handa Ka Funda

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