I am making a banner of size 100 inches by 180 inches. I want to zoom below 5 percent so that I am able to see the page in full height. But InDesign won't let me do so. What can I do to bypass this limit without resizing my document to a smaller size (in order to see full height) and increasing the size later?

Are you working on a 640 x 480 pixel screen? Or do you have your main InDesign window set very small?

To see an entire 100' x 180' page, I don't have to scale any less than 10% (if it's portrait) or 17% (if it's landscape). But that's on a 2560 x 1440 pixel screen, and with the InDesign window scaled to the full screen.

Are you working on a 640 x 480 pixel screen? Or do you have your main InDesign window set very small?

To see an entire 100' x 180' page, I don't have to scale any less than 10% (if it's portrait) or 17% (if it's landscape). But that's on a 2560 x 1440 pixel screen, and with the InDesign window scaled to the full screen.

Starting with CS6 the zoom level is based on the print output dimension and not the monitor resolution. InDesign goes to your system and gets the monitor info to set the 100% view so that the 1" displayed on your rulers will physically measure 1". Prior to CS6 the 100% view was 1:1 ratio of your monitor to image pixels—same as Photoshop—and on most displays the 100% zoom view was smaller than the actual output size.

So at 180" you would need 9" of physical monitor space to display the full page at 5% (180 x .05).