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“If your decommissioning plan involves building a new building, then it is the wrong plan”

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Successful Core Dismantling

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Remote Graphite Removal Machine

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Contamination Control Enclosure

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Graphite Removal (1) Note use of ‘Fixative’ for Dust and Contamination Control Note also that this graphite contains significant Wigner energy and that no problems were encountered...

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Graphite Removal (2)

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Transfer out by ‘Supersack’

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‘Supersacks’ placed in ‘Industrial Containers’ and shipped out to Nevada test site for storage

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Official Positions

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ANDRA is obliged (by law) to find and approve a solution for disposal of French graphite by Thus, for them, work in this topic area is dynamic and extensive!

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Official Positions

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The declared position, which cannot now be achieved, is to dismantle one reactor by 2016 and the second by 2020 – delayed AT LEAST six years

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Future Core Dismantling

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“Nibble and Vacuum”...and, if you want ground material for a subsequent process, just go to the collection-hopper stage... Even transportation of finely-ground graphite in an aqueous foam is possible.

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Special Problems Pile 1 has distributed damaged fuel and isotope cartridges, along with a high Wigner energy content...

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Special Problems For graphite with significant Wigner energy, a disposal route involving heating of batch quantities solves at least one problem... Offers useful experience of special problems, but also offers an excuse for delay!

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“An emerging consensus concludes that current regulations for radiation exposure are not only ‘based in quicksand’ but have become pernicious obstacles to the ethical goal that they purport to achieve: public health protection.... it is ethically disastrous to claim that the LNT hypothesis is an unassailable scientific conclusion, when in fact it is only an inconclusive theory, an extrapolated hypothesis, an ultraconservative exercise of prudence... Fear of radiation has proved to be far more detrimental to public health than radiation itself.... “Moreover, billions of dollars have been spent on trivial radiation risks based upon grotesque scenarios about single atoms destined to migrate through miles of desert soil to contaminate a potential water source in some distant future.” Dr. Margaret Maxey (Bio-ethicist, University of Detroit)

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Selected innovations Pyrolysis – Steam Reforming This is the basis of the integrated gasification – sequestration process described earlier