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International Minimum Standard / The Law of Aliens

See also: International Law Rules Applicable to IITs

International Investment Treaties (IITs)

International Law Rules Applicable to IITs

Relationship of IITs to Other Sources of International Law

See also: Wide Dispute Settlement Clauses

See also: Applicable Law / Choice of Law Clauses

System of Precedents

Relationship of an IIT to Other Treaties

General Remarks

IITs and the Law of the European Union

Relationship of an IIT to Concession Contracts

See also: Contract and Treaty Claims

Relationship of an IIT to Customary International Law

See also: International Minimum Standard / The Law of Aliens

Relationship of an IIT to General Principles of International Law

Estoppel

Act of State Doctrine

Abuse of Process

Good Faith

Further Problems

Further Problems

Relationship of IITs to Domestic Law

See also: Consent to Arbitration Based on National Legislation

See also: Investment “In Accordance With the Legislation”

See also: Contract and Treaty Claims

See also: Applicable Law / Choice of Law Clauses

Applicability of Domestic Law / Renvoi

Supremacy of Public International Law

Law of Treaties

See also: Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties

See also: Retroactive application - ratione temporis

Conclusion of Treaties / Entry into Force

Rules of Interpretation

Regarding the problem of self-judging provisions, see also: Exception Clauses

Interpretation Rules of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT) as Reflecting Customary International Law