Bottle Rockets

A rocket in its simplest form is a chamber enclosing a gas under pressure. A small opening at one end of the chamber allows the gas to escape, and in doing so provides a thrust that propels the rocket in the opposite direction. Newton's laws can be used to explain this his laws in the simplest terms can be explained like this: First law- Objects at rest will stay at rest and objects in motion will stay in motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Second law- Force is equal to mass times acceleration.

Third law- For every action there is always an opposite and equal reaction. For the rocket to launch it needed to be propelled by something, for our rockets we used regular air and compressed it. Upon releasing the stopper Newton's first law went into effect which states that for something to move a force must act upon it in this case the gas moving out of the bottle. When the stopper was pulled the pressure in the bottle forced its way down, which applied the force to start the motion of the bottle. His 3rd law can also explain this because the water going down forces the rocket in the exact opposite direction the water goes. Which is why one time when we shot the rocket it flew at an angle. Also it shows why the launchers had stoppers, because if they didn't the cork wasn't strong enough to hold that pressure and would cause the rocket to begin flight prematurely. His second law can be used to describe how high and fast the rocket will go. If you wanted it to go really high and fast you would just pump more pressure into it then if you didn't want it to go that high. You can determine how much force is needed by multiplying the mass by the acceleration. Our rocket was fairly decent the only problems were that the wings were not completely stable. Our egg survived in the capsule we built and one other egg even survived with out being in a capsule at all. To make our flight time higher we should of pumped more air into...

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Liam Hallam Cameron Martin | BottleRockets |
Table of Contents
This extended investigation serves to examine and evaluate the physical forces that affect the flight of a bottlerocket. This will be accomplished by altering the water levels and the level of air pressure (psi) within the rocket will be altered, and tested, to further understand the mechanics of bottlerockets.
Introduction
Rocket flight has long been at the forefront of the human race’s exploration of our universe. This undeniable fact makes it necessary to study and examine the forces that act upon rockets as the fly. Given that real rockets are priced in excess of 20 million dollars, the re creation of a real life rocket’s flight is impossible. Thus the principles and rules that direct a rockets motion will be investigated as they act upon a bottlerocket. Although this may seem as far from the reality of a space exploring rocket, the bottle still acts according to the same principles of flight.
A water rocket is subjected to three forces in flight; weight, thrust, and the aerodynamic force drag, all of which act on the time, intensity and height of a rocket’s flight (Benson, 2011, Online).
Several equations exist that break down and gauge factors of a projectile’s...

...Water Rockets
Abstract
Water rockets have been a source of entertainment and education for many years. They are usually made with an empty 2-litre PET bottle by adding water and pressurizing it with air for launching. Water rockets are used to help students understand the principle of aeronautics.
Aim
The aim was to design and perform an experiment to determine the volume of water to use in order to obtain maximum height for the bottlerocket.
Introduction
Bottlerockets are often used in science as an experimental apparatus. Researchers use rocketry to understand the principles of Newton’s law of motion. This report will investigate, design, perform and analyse an experiment on water rockets and explain how a water rocket reaches a maximum height using the concept of physics and experimental results.
Hypothesis
If the water level in the water rocket is increased, then the chances of obtaining the maximum height will also increase. This is because more thrust (force) is needed to make an object accelerate, and the greater the mass of an object, the greater the thrust it provides.
Theory Statement
The group will analyse and determine the amount of water needed to obtain the maximum height of the water rocket. Rocket motors generate a push or “thrust” by expelling a propellant...

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Introduction
A water bottlerocket is essentially that; a bottle modified in the image of a rocket then filled with a select amount of water that is pressurised and launched into the air due to the forces pushing the rocket upwards from the launcher.
When the completed water bottlerocket is sitting on the launcher, the force of the surface of the launcher pushes the rocket up whilst gravity drags it down. As the fluid inside the rocket is pressurized, the forces become unbalanced and release the clamps that are holding back the rocket. The fluid will then be expelled through the small opening at the bottom of the rocket (the bottles nozzle) at a fast rate in one direction and therefore providing a lot of thrust into the other direction, allowing the rocket to propel upward. This force will continue to thrust upwards until the last of the fluid is expelled from the rocket (Moore, 2014).
To increase stability in the rocket, the centre of pressure and centre of mass should be in specific positions on the rocket. The centre of mass is to put simply, a balance point in an object. It is a uniform gravity field that averages the external forces surrounding the object to equalise the forces acting upon it, such as a balance point on a see-saw...

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Manufacturing A
Steps involved to building a BottleRocket:
Materials
Two 2 litter soda bottles.
Cardboard pieces pre cut and measured
Duct tape
Scissors, Cutters, Cutting Board, Glue etc
Foam pieces for fins
Vinyl Material according to colors
Cotton or any Sponge type material used for the Egg Compartment
Construction
To build a bottlerocket, there are many steps involved. It just cannot be made out of the bloom, but has to be thought about, researched and designed properly so that the result is a very professional, proficient and neat rocket. Here are the steps involved in making a Water BottleRocket.
1. Cleaning: Make sure to remove the label from the bottle. This is because the bottle needs to be clean and neat before we can start cutting. We also need to clean the inside of the bottle. To make sure the inside of the bottle is clean and doesn’t contain any sort of chemical, we have to make sure that we rinse water with the dishwasher into the bottle so that the bottle is clean.
2. Body: Now let’s come to the body of the rocket. The body is a very important portion/part of the as it is the pressure chamber. For this we need our cardboard pieces that when measures, should go across the circumference of the bottle perfectly. Using the cutting...

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Name: XX
Class: 4Sc1
Teacher: Pn XX
Group Name: XX
INTRODUCTION
A water rocket is a type of model rocket using water as its reaction mass. The pressure vessel—the engine of the rocket—is usually a used plastic soft drink bottle. The water is forced out by a pressurized gas, typically compressed air.
The term "aquajet" has been used in parts of Europe in place of the more common "water rocket" and in some places they are also referred to as "bottlerockets" (which can be confusing as this term traditionally refers to a firework in other places).
Water rocket engines are most commonly used to drive model rockets, but have also been used in model boats, cars, and rocket-assisted gliders.
How to make a water rocket and parachute
Problem
Create one bottlerocket that will fly straight and remain aloft for a maximum amount of time.
Materials
Two 1.5-liter bottles
One small plastic cone (athletic)
Duct Tape
Scissors
String
Manila Folder
Large Plastic Trash Bag
Masking Tape or Avery Paper reinforcement labels (you'll need 32/chute.)
Hole punch
Procedure
o Cut the top and the bottom off of one bottle, so that the center portion or a cylinder...

...BottleRocket Handbook
Leo C. Singleton IV
ii
Copyright c 2001 Leo C. Singleton IV. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the author.
Acknowledgments
Although I can take credit for being the author of this handbook, much of its content is the hard work of other members, past and present, of the Columbus High School Science Olympiad team. I would like to take this opportunity to thank them and the many others for their contributions to this handbook. Will Evans, the only one among us who actually plans to become an aeronautical engineer, is responsible for many of the building techniques listed in the handbook. He protected his designs for reinforced ﬁns, airspeed ﬂaps, and drogue chutes as if they were children, before I decided to publish them to the world. Thanks Will. Jamal Shaukat, our longest member of the Science Olympiad team. Two years ago, he and I spent many long hours developing the elliptical parachute algorithms and building the ﬁrst parachutes. And now, despite being a sophomore in college, Jamal still manages to attend more state competitions and rocket launches than anyone else on the team. Linda Owens, our Science Olympiad coach, whom I promised to leave plans and drawings for my rockets before I graduate. Instead I’m leaving her a book. Good enough. And the rest of the Columbus High...

...There are a lot of kinds of rockets, such as missiles, spacecrafts, aircrafts, and also other vehicles that contains thrust from a rocket engine. The first rocket which can fly up high enough to reach into space was the V2 missile which was launched by Germany in 1942, but the first rocket which actually launched something into space was used to launch the first satellite on October 4, 1957. [CoolCosMos] Before rockets were invented, humans does not have a clue actually what has been happening in space besides receiving observations from a telescope. Besides spaces, humans also doesnât have a clue when will there be an disaster, by the time they know it, there will be already a huge damage on that specific area. Today, with the technology of creating rockets, NASA has been sending astronauts into space to observe earth and other planets, which does a lot of good environmental research, NASA has done a lot of work on studying the air quality, alternative energy, climate changes, and near earth objects, so whenever thereâs a typhoon, earthquake, or any other natural disaster, we could known
Though ancient Indians were known to have knowledge about rocket science- it being used in during wars- it was only after independence that the process of exploring space really accelerated. It was Dr. Vikram Sarabhai who founded the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) in Ahmedabad on...