McGee Days Two and Three: Steak, Fish, Burgers and Love

The cool thing about this job is that I get to sit in on the demos that Dave and Nils teach, eat delicious things, laugh a good majority of the time, and learn a hell of a lot about food tech. The second day with McGee was all about heat, the third day we learned new techniques and messed with flavors. There were a lot of awesome demos, but I’m going to highlight some of the cooler nuggets of info that I found interesting and applicable to the things I like to eat/cook.

Flipping Your Meat

First up: cooking steak at home to acheive optimum deliciousness. McGee shared how he cooked four different virtual steaks on his computer (his computer cooks steaks; our printer prints scallop shuttles). The computer compared the effects of steak flipping intervals (6 min., 3 min., 15 sec., and 60 sec.) on cooking time and each steaks’ relative “doneness.” Dave recreated the experiment for the class (flipping two different steaks—one every 5 seconds, the other, just once). The frequent flipping of the steak ensures that the meat cooks more evenly, which makes sense; but counterintuitively, the one that is flipped more will also be done 30% faster than one that is flipped once or twice.

This technique works well because neither side has enough time to absorb too much heat when it’s on the fire, nor does it lose too much heat when it’s facing away. You also get less of a “well-doneness” layer on the outside of the steak (indicated by the red line in our electronic steaks) and a more even, gradual spread of “doneness” throughout.

Steak on the left flipped one time in 15 minutes. Steak on the right flipped every 15 seconds.

When the steaks were “done” we ensured they were cooked to the same internal temperature by putting them in ziplock bags and circulating them for 30 minutes in 56 degree water. The class tasted. The ones that were flipped more frequently were more consistently even throughout, with a nice well-done crust on the outside. The ones flipped only once had a larger proportion of overcooked parts and didn’t even have a better crust—surprising.

3. Anesthesia plus Ike Jime: knock the fish out with clove oil and then do ike-jime (for the full blow-by-blow see post here).

On days two and three we blind tasted the fish that were killed on day one both raw and cooked. Dave and Nils were a tad worried about the demo because they had never done ike jime on blackfish, and weren’t sure how long rigor mortis would last. Most fish shouldn’t be eaten super fresh—you should let them go through rigor mortis. Different fish go through rigor at different rates so different fish should be stored for different amounts of time before you eat them. Sure enough, on day two of the class, 20 hours after the fish were killed, they were still in different states of rigor mortis. The results were going to be weird.

The Western fish was favored by the class in the first raw tasting. It had more of that familiar “fishy” flavor, the pink, unbled color we’re used to, and the texture was good. The fish that had been ike jimed without clove oil (after an unsuccessful escape from the demo table) was tough, overly-crunchy and had minimal flavor. The fish that had been anesthesized and then ike jimed was fresh tasting, but had the least pleasant texture. Nils and Dave were dejected. A western-killed fish had never-ever won a taste test before. The house favorite—ike plus anesthesia, came in last! We hoped that it was just too early to sample the ike jimed and anesthetized blackfish because they were still in rigor. The un-bled Western head-bashed fish was at its prime. Rigor had set in earlier so his muscles softened and became limper faster than his other ike jimed buddies.

For the cooked tasting Dave and Nils cooked the three fish in a circulator at 57 C for 25 minutes, and no one liked one more than the other. The class could not make out a real discernible difference between the three. Nils commented that the Ike Jime and anesthetized fish seized up significantly when they were cooking. Again a disappointment for Dave and Nils. We hoped to be vindicated on day three.

The third day we ran the same blind tests again 44 hours after the fish had been killed. The Western fish was still fishy, but lost the fresh flavor from the day before and turned a bit mealy. The ike jimed fish were both firm, but the one that had been anesthetized had more flavor and held the texture much better. WIN!

The real flavor difference came out in the cooked test. There was no comparison between the Western style and the Ike Jimed. The Western had become mushy and soft. The just Ike Jimed fish was good, but the texture was still tough. The anesthesized/Ike Jime fish had good flavor and the texture was firm but nice. For blackfish, we decided that it needed to rest a little longer than the fluke and sea bass to allow rigor to set in. We also realized (yet again) that sedating the fish with clove oil and then performing Ike Jime simply makes it taste better. WIN! Dave and Nils were pretty happy.

Ike Jime and clove oil: 1. Western head bashing: 0.

Distillation, Rotary Evaporation and Apples

Dave distilling the bourbon in the rotary evaporator.

When McGee was talking about distillation we pulled out the rotary evaporator cause its the only way we distill. Yes, we finally have the rotary evaporator up and running again! (After spending more than $500 in parts we lost at Star Chefs.) Rotary evaporation is a specialized form of distillation that works gently at low temperatures to preserve flavors. Read about it here. Dave used it to re-distill bourbon. When you re-distill bourbon you keep its aroma and flavor but get rid of all the harsh non-volatile oak compounds. We love those compounds normally, but they would have messed with the cocktail that Dave and Nils were planning to make.

They had juiced and clarified a case of their favorite apples, Ashmead’s Kernel. Ashmead’s Kernel and re-distilled bourbon is a match made in heaven. You have the crisp and tart flavors of the apple, mixed with the goodness of the bourbon, without the throaty oak. Dave talks about the apple and the drink here. I think it was the most interesting cocktail of the class (and there were many). On day 2 Dave and Nils had made some kick-ass cocktails with two other cool varieties of apples that we love: Wickson and Honeycrisp. Both were clarified, mixed with gin and slushed out with liquid nitrogen. Same cocktail, different apples, very different flavors. I hate gin, but I could probably pound those cocktails all night.

Although rotary evaporation is fairly new, McGee pointed out that distillation goes back to 3500 BC. For those of you who don’t have a rotary evaporator at home, try doing it the old-school way. Cover a pot of your favorite alcohol, bring it to a boil, and collect the beads of condensation that drip off on the inside of your lid. Easy as 123 and you become a felon (distillation is illegal). I did it at home with popcorn and water. The stuff that dripped off the lid tasted a lot like popcorn. Cool, easy, AND legal.

Corked Wine and Plastic Wrap

Corked wine is any wine that has been contaminated with TCA (2,4,6-Trichloroanisole). This molecule is found in some corks and can be transferred from cork to bottle, making your wine smell like wet dog, moldy towels, or wet cardboard. Here’s a good trick before you dump the whole bottle: Pour the wine into bowl or carafe, ball up some plastic wrap, and let it sit for a few minutes. The TCA molecule is chemically similar to the polyethylene in the plastic wrap, and sticks to the plastic.

We didn’t have any corked wine, so test this, McGee poured some Pernod into two different containers (Pernod and other anise flavored alcohols have flavor compounds chemically similar to TCA). He put some balled up some plastic wrap in one, waited, and passed both containers around the class. The Pernod with the plastic wrap had lost most of its TCA-like aroma compounds.

Gymnemic Acid and Miraculan

The third morning started off with a real kick to the mouth. We tricked everyone’s tastebuds with gymnemic acid (the substance itself tastes like licking the bottom of a rabbit cage; don’t ask us how we know this) and miraculin. Gymnemic is a sweetness killer, miraculin makes sour things taste sweet. We disgusted everyone first, and then we ruined everyone’s tooth enamel with limes. Check out Dave’s write-up here.

Delicious Hamburgers

For the past few weeks we’ve been working long and hard to find the way to make the most delicious burgers on the planet. We’ve almost got it. With a combination of reduced beef jus, butter, a circulator and a deep fryer, we’re almost ready to reveal our secret recipe for the best damn burgers in the city. But you’ll just have to wait .

Blackfish is the only fish (the others are hybrid stripers, fluke, black sea bass) that has ever had a western win in any category. I think it is because the Blackfish (tautog) takes a long time to go through rigor. You are correct that it is possible that a day old western might be as good as a 2 day clove oil/ike but I highly doubt it. I agree that for cooked preps, ike jime doesn’t help as much but we have had tests where the ike does fare much better even cooked.

@chocolatesa:
I assume that when you ask about boiling wine, you’re really asking about distilling wine. Distilled wine results in Brandy. Adding the brandy back into more wine and you get fortified wine (e.g. Sherry or Jerez)

Now don’t tell the revenooers I said this, but a round bottom wok full of ice, a raised collection dish and the right sized pot will get you better results than a pot lid. When you’re making popcorn, of course.

And there’s an eHow article about it, too. Never tried it but I’ve been tempted. “The Alaskan Bootlegger’s Bible” is a good book for simple home designs and if you get really, really serious and have $200 to spend, “The Alcohol Textbook” is, I’ve heard, the industry bible (and a good read!).

I told a wine store owner about this (as I would rarely run across a corked bottle)…this is his reply

“I’ve tried it a few times now and for sure some of the TCA binds to the plastic wrap and helps some of the fruit come out but it doesn’t seem to grab 100%, in which case the wine still tastes somewhat corked. But it’s a pretty interesting experiment. Biggest problem is you need to give it about 24 hours to really notice how much of the cork taint goes away, but by then the wine, unless it is really big and young, is leaning toward oxidation problems.

Sure would be cool if someone figures out how to make this work more rapidly!”