What’s coming? The Bush-era tax cuts expire along with the payroll tax break; the nation’s borrowing authority bumps against its limit; and huge mandatory spending cuts — half targeting defense — are set to kick in.

All this could trigger another recession, but Congress is not likely to do much about it until after November’s election.

Recession Warnings

Last week, the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office also weighed in: Unless Congress acts to change current law, it said, spending cuts and tax increases could shrivel next year’s growth to a mere one-half of 1 percent, which would probably be seen as a recession.

Earlier this month, Speaker John Boehner, R-Ohio, announced that the House will vote to extend all of the Bush-era tax breaks.

“Any sudden tax hike would hurt our economy, so this fall, before the election, the House of Representatives will vote to stop the largest tax increase in American history,” he said.

It’s quite likely such a bill would pass, but only in the House. Republicans could then use that vote on the campaign trail to accuse House Democrats who might oppose the measure of wanting to raise everyone’s taxes. But Democratic leaders insist tax breaks for the very wealthy should not be extended.

Democrats Respond

Senate Majority leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., responded last week to the GOP colleagues who’d written demanding that the Senate renew all the expiring cuts.

“I say to the 41 Republicans and Sen. Hatch who sent me this letter, move on revenues, we could have had a deal a long time ago,” he said. “The president said that when we got together at the White House last Wednesday.”

Reid has also made it clear he will not back GOP efforts to spare the Pentagon from some $50 billion in automatic spending cuts next year in what’s known as “the sequester.” The threat of such cuts was meant to spur Congress into agreeing on a 10-year deficit reduction deal, but the deal never came together. Reid says Congress must now face the consequences.

“I don’t like sequester. … It was a hard pill to swallow, but it was the right thing to do,” he said. “If we’re going to ever reduce the staggering deficits, we’re going to have to make some hard decisions.”

That sets up a fight over the sequester with defense hawks led by Sen. John McCain of Arizona, the top Republican on the Senate Armed Services Committee.

“I just can’t imagine it going through because of what [Defense] Secretary [Leon] Panetta describes as a devastating impact on our ability to defend this nation,” he said. “That’s our country’s first priority.”

Tax Revenues

Not all Republicans side with McCain. Alaska Sen. Lisa Murkowski says the sequester is a hammer meant to move Congress to come up with deficit reduction — for which she won’t rule out higher tax revenues.

“We’ve got a responsibility to figure this out,” she said. “I’m not going to suggest that we just pull the plug and say that never happened.”

Meanwhile, some Republicans and Democrats in the Senate have begun private talks about ways to prevent falling off a fiscal cliff at year’s end. One of them, Colorado Democrat Michael Bennet, says everything depends on who wins in November.

“Not to mix a metaphor, but these are huge tectonic plates that are going to shift after this election, when it’s not just the tax cuts expiring, but the sequester and the debt ceiling and all the rest,” he said. “And I think it’s very unlikely that anything’s going to be done before the election.”

Lobbyist Trent Lott, a former Mississippi senator and Republican majority leader, says he’s seen many other lame-duck sessions after big elections, but none like the one coming up.

“If everything stays pretty much status quo, they might do some things in a lame-duck session, if it’s like, you know, the House stays Republican, the Senate stays Democrat and Obama stays in,” he said. “Any other mixture or any other result, it’ll probably all be pushed until next year.”