Birth rate:
The average annual number of births during a year per 1,000 persons in the population at midyear; also known as crude birth rate. The birth rate is usually the dominant factor in determining the rate of population growth. It depends on both the level of fertility and the age structure of the population.

Death rate:
The average annual number of deaths during a year per 1,000 population at midyear; also known as crude death rate. The death rate, while only a rough indicator of the mortality situation in a country, accurately indicates the current mortality impact on population growth. This indicator is significantly affected by age distribution, and most countries will eventually show a rise in the overall death rate, in spite of continued decline in mortality at all ages, as declining fertility results in an aging population.

Ethnic groups:
This entry provides a rank ordering of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population.

Mother's mean age at first birth:
This entry provides the mean (average) age of mothers at the birth of their first child. It is a useful indicator for gauging the success of family planning programs aiming to reduce maternal mortality, increase contraceptive use – particularly among married and unmarried adolescents, delay age at first marriage, and improve the health of newborns.

Population growth:
Percentage by which country's population either has increased or is estimated to increase. Countries with a decrease in population are signified by a negative percentage. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.

Population growth rate:
The average annual percent change in the population, resulting from a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths and the balance of migrants entering and leaving a country. The rate may be positive or negative. The growth rate is a factor in determining how great a burden would be imposed on a country by the changing needs of its people for infrastructure (e.g., schools, hospitals, housing, roads), resources (e.g., food, water, electricity), and jobs. Rapid population growth can be seen as threatening by neighboring countries.

The population of Egypt is 74,718,797 (according to the July 2003 estimate) with a population growth rate of 1.88% so the population in 2005 is likely to be around 77.5 million.

Currently, Egypt has a young population, however as life expectency increases and the birth rate decreases, ths is expected to change. These changes are displayed on the age distribution pyramids for Egypt.

Posted on 30 May 2005

Edria Murray, Staff Editor

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Emily, the estimated population of 74,718,797 from July 2003 that appears on the page with population statistics is probably the most current population figure available, since governments usually only conduct a census once every five to 10 years. If you want to make an educated guess as to what the population was in 2004, simply use the population growth rate of 1.88 percent from 2003 and do the calculations.

Posted on 30 May 2005

Ian Graham, Staff Editor

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In response to Heba:

The net migration rate of Egypt is -0.23 migrants per 1000 population. This means there are more people leaving Egypt than arriving there.

The primary reason for leaving Egypt is economic (mostly men), followed by family reasons (mostly women). Those who leave Egypt tend to be highly educated professionals, often doctors, engineers, and teachers who generally go to other arab states (such as Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Kuwait, Jordan and Libya), North America or Europe. This trend reached a peak in the early 1980's and is currently slowing.

Egypt also has a significant number of immigrants, particularly asylum seekers from Sudan who continue to arrive at a rate of over 500 individuals per month. Sudanese refugees make up 75% of all refugees in Egypt.