Hello, I’m revising for AQA AS Psychology and don’t get the difference between naturalistic observation, controlled observation, field experiments and natural experiments.

I understand that naturalistic observation is simply watching with no interference, but isn’t that the same as a natural experiment, in which the researcher does not need to manipulate the IV due to it occurring naturally? And isn’t controlled observation technically not an observation as there is manipulation?

I’d be very grateful if someone clarified the differences between all of these as they are new concepts to me that I’ve just learned. Thank you!