This is the third post in my series on lightweight backpacking aimed at helping you reduce your overall pack weight without sacrificing any of the comfort or the necessities. In my first post I introduced you to the concept of lightweight backpacking, the benefits, how to get started, taking less stuff, and smaller amounts of things. In my second post I focused on weighing your gear, using a detailed gear tracking list, weight summaries, and the importance of keeping it up to date. How else can you know how much you are carrying if you don’t weigh your gear?

For this third installment I wanted to focus on the three pieces of gear that every backpacker must have and which collectively account for the majority of the weight you will be carrying – we call them “The Big Three” – your tent, backpack, and sleeping bag.

The Big Three

If you’ve been following this series and have completed step 1, you should have a detailed list of all of your gear with accurate weights. If you take a careful look you’ll notice that your three heaviest items are your tent, your backpack, and your sleeping bag. If you want to get serious about reducing your overall pack weight and going lighter, you’ll need to tackle the big three to achieve that. The goal is to try and get each of these items under 3 lbs each (9 lbs in total). That might sound drastic or impossible to some of you, but it’s easily achievable with todays lightweight gear – and affordable.

Unfortunately the only real way to achieve this is by purchasing alternative version of these items if yours weight too much. I wish there were some clever hack or modifications that I could share with you to let you reduce the weight of these items and save money, but that’s not gonna happen. If any one of your big three is over three pounds, it’s probably a good time to buy a new version anyway and take advantage of the improvements in build and technical materials being used today. If you time your purchases right (think end of year sales) you can pick up some great deals and save a lot of money.

Tent

Let’s start with your shelter or tent. Chances are that if you don’t own a relatively new tent it’s probably going to weigh more than our goal of 3 lbs (48 oz). If that’s the case, then it’s time you replace it with a newer version or alternative shelter. The lightest tents on the market today tend to all be either single-walled tents or tents with intreated rain flys. The fabrics used by tent manufacturers have improved so significantly in recent years that single-walled tent are just as waterproof as double-walled tents and are no longer the condensation traps they used to be.

Combined with advancements in the technical design of tents and you now have some extremely compact and lightweight options available in most of the common outdoor stores. REI, Big Agnes, Sierra Designs, and EMS are among some of the better known brands that offer one and two person options. And while we’re on the subject of tent size, unless you regularly backpack or hike with a significant other, go with a one person tent and save as much unnecessary weight as possible. Many one person tents now come with vestibules for storing your gear under cover outside of your tent.

I’m personally a big fan of using a tarp as my primary shelter. A tarp can be an extremely lightweight option (my Gossamer Gear SpinnTwinn weighs just 12 oz) but requires a little more experience to pitch properly and may not be as easy to use in as many environments or situations as a tent. Last year I really struggled with my tarp on Mt. Whitney with the high winds and rocky surface. I couldn’t drive a stake in to the ground and couldn’t get a tight pitch. As a result I had two very miserable nights of fitful sleep above 12,000 ft. Hammocks are another lightweight alternative to a tent. However, like a tarp, these require certain characteristics of your campsite (can you say trees?) in order to be used. I’d personally recommend that you invest in a quality, lightweight one-person tent and then consider going to a tarp or hammock as the next phase of going lighter if thats what you want to do.

Sleeping Bag

Next let’s talk about your sleeping bag. Again, if it weighs over 3 lbs or is so old that you can’t remember the year that you bought it, it’s probably time to replace it. There is a lot of debate among backpackers and outdoors people over what the ideal rating is for a 3 season sleeping bag. I can only tell you that based on my own personal experience of having tried many different rated bags over the years, I finally settled on a 20 degree F bag as my “go to” option for 3 season camping. A 20 degree bag is easily regulated using the zipper and your clothing choices if you want to use it in warmer temperatures.

I’d highly recommend buying a down filled bag versus a synthetic one. Down bags tend to be much lighter in weight and far more compressible than synthetic ones. Having a sleeping bag that is more compressible is important when it comes to choosing a backpack. The smaller the bag can pack down to means you can choose a pack with a smaller volume, which in turn will save you some weight.

I carry a Western Mountaineering Ultralite down bag with me that weighs 1 lb 13 oz and is rated for 20 degrees. I highly recommend WM as a quality sleeping bag manufacturer, but a bag such as this is a big investment and doesn’t come cheap ($300 -$400). A quality down sleeping bag can last you over 10 years and easily pay for itself if you take care of it, clean it properly and store it uncompressed so that you don’t ruin the loft of the down fill. Also look at some popular brands like Marmot, REI, Big Agnes, and Montbell that all have a good selection of quality affordable down bags in the $100 – $200 price range.

Backpack

Finally, we get to the last of your big three items – your backpack. I’ve deliberately left the backpack to last because you really don’t want to choose a smaller backpack until you know how much volume you’ll need for your tent and sleeping bag! Chances are that a 40L backpack will be sufficient for just about any type of trip you are planning from an overnight hike to a 6-moth thru hike of the AT. Just about every mainstream backpack manufacturer has come out with a “lightweight” (2 – 3 lbs) version of their packs to try and capitalize on the growing trend in lightweight and ultralight backpacking – which is good news for you. Some of the better known brands include GoLite, Osprey, REI, and Granite Gear.

The lightest weight backpacks are going to be the ones with a minimal internal frame or stay, or completely frameless. No more external frame backpacks please! Advancements in backpack design have resulted in innovative ways to combat the lack of internal frames such as using your ground sheet as a folded pad in the back of you pack to provide comfort, support, and rigidity. It also lets you use your ground sheet as a multi-purpose piece of gear, something we’ll look at in more detail in a future blog post as a way of further reducing your base pack weight.

Conclusion

Your tent, sleeping bag, and backpack are the three heaviest pieces of gear that you carry – don’t take my word for it, check your gear list (step 1). Reducing these three items (the big three) will have the largest impact on reducing your overall base weight. As a rule of thumb aim for getting each piece under 3 lbs. Look for off season deals on sleeping bags and tents, and consider some of the online gear swapping forums that sell lightly used gear for reasonable prices.

In my next post I’ll take a closer look at multifunction gear and reducing your base weight further by using pieces of gear for more than one purpose – double-duty.

Editor-in-Chief’s Note: Brian is an avid lightweight backpacker and author of the popular Brian’s Backpacking Blog. Originally from Southampton, England, Brian has lived in the US for over 15 years, finally settling in North Carolina. His love of the outdoors started at a very early age, almost as far back as he can remember. Now he spends as much time backpacking as his work schedule and family life will allow. Be sure to check out his blog for other great backpacking tips & tricks and gear reviews.

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What's the name of the bug net you use for your sleeping bag? I really want to get into tarp camping. It's easy to do in the fall, but the spring and summer are going to require me to figure out a bug solution.

Hey Brian,
What's the name of the bug net you use for your sleeping bag? I really want to get into tarp camping. It's easy to do in the fall, but the spring and summer are going to require me to figure out a bug solution.

I carry a sizable portion of my camping gear as my every-day carry. I'm a firm believer that everybody should have a disaster kit, but also an equally firm believer that being 20 miles away from your kit when the disaster hits would suck. So I carry the core essentials (shelter, clean water, fire) with me wherever I go. All of it packed into a Camelbak, total weight just under 32lbs. My go-to-hell bag is a front sling-pack, and adds another 30lbs or thereabouts, but contains the bulk of my food (three week supply), camping stove, larger tools, spare batteries, tent and sleeping bag, etc.

I'd love to get the weight down, but there's only so much you can do without losing capabilities.

I carry a sizable portion of my camping gear as my every-day carry. I'm a firm believer that everybody should have a disaster kit, but also an equally firm believer that being 20 miles away from your kit when the disaster hits would suck. So I carry the core essentials (shelter, clean water, fire) with me wherever I go. All of it packed into a Camelbak, total weight just under 32lbs. My go-to-hell bag is a front sling-pack, and adds another 30lbs or thereabouts, but contains the bulk of my food (three week supply), camping stove, larger tools, spare batteries, tent and sleeping bag, etc.
I'd love to get the weight down, but there's only so much you can do without losing capabilities.

Another way to get the sleeping system weight down is to use a down top quilt rather than a full sleeping bag. The theory behind this is that the insulating part of the bag (the loft) is compressed under you anyway and so not doing anything. Of course, this assumes you are using something (a sleeping pad) as insulation from the ground.

In the never ending quest to lose ounces, this can be a good way to save space/weight.

Another way to get the sleeping system weight down is to use a down top quilt rather than a full sleeping bag. The theory behind this is that the insulating part of the bag (the loft) is compressed under you anyway and so not doing anything. Of course, this assumes you are using something (a sleeping pad) as insulation from the ground.
In the never ending quest to lose ounces, this can be a good way to save space/weight.

Selling locally via Craigslist is one option for down-weighting gear. I sold my three-person, good-only-for-car-camping tent for more than enough to cover the cost of an earlier model of this $40, under three-pounds camouflage tent.

Garage sales in areas where outdoor activity is popular can also bring deals. I picked up a compact down sleeping bag for just $1. It was bright orange and looking a little dingy, but a good hand scrubbing made it look better and some gentle tumbling in a dryer brought back the loft. It's smallness when stuffed still amazes me.

For hard-core, long-term camping, neither might be a good idea. But I wanted something for those occasional traveling situations when I can't find accommodations for the night and must create my own in a bit of woodland.

Selling locally via Craigslist is one option for down-weighting gear. I sold my three-person, good-only-for-car-camping tent for more than enough to cover the cost of an earlier model of this $40, under three-pounds camouflage tent.
http://www.dowsonusa.com/goods.php?id=281
Garage sales in areas where outdoor activity is popular can also bring deals. I picked up a compact down sleeping bag for just $1. It was bright orange and looking a little dingy, but a good hand scrubbing made it look better and some gentle tumbling in a dryer brought back the loft. It's smallness when stuffed still amazes me.
For hard-core, long-term camping, neither might be a good idea. But I wanted something for those occasional traveling situations when I can't find accommodations for the night and must create my own in a bit of woodland.
That $40 tent ought to also be great for a bug-out bag.

Thanks John. If you search ITS you'll see quite a few more posts that I have contributed. I'm very grateful to invited to be a part of ITS Tactical and to help out wherever I can. You'll be seeing more from me, don't worry :)

Edilberto, thanks for the kind words. When you think about it, most of this is just common sense or experiences of someone who has had to learn the hard way or figure it out for themselves. I've done a lot of backpacking and continue to do so and I am always learning new and improved ways to do things. I like hiking with beginners because they ask the most questions and always wonder why things have to be done a certain way, that's refreshing and fun. ITS is a great resource for sharing our experiences. When we share we ALL benefit - we're a community after all :)

Bergman, keeping the weight down while maintaining a useable set of equipment is paramount. I don't encourage anyone to try and reach a specific weight or goal for the sake of being ultralight. Use your common sense and reduce weight where it makes sense and without jeopardizing the effectiveness of the gear you may have to rely upon. You're spot on with your remarks.

Mitchell, it takes some time to get used to taking what you need and not much more. I don't mean that you have to be reckless and not allow for situations to change, but there's a fine line between NEED to have and WANT to have. Without knowing exactly what you carry, I'd bet there are at least a few items that you don't really need or that are duplicative - maybe not, just guessing.

It would make for a really cool clinic to go through someone's backpack and discuss each item to see if there were things that could be changed or left at home. That might be a future post idea :)

Mitchell, it takes some time to get used to taking what you need and not much more. I don't mean that you have to be reckless and not allow for situations to change, but there's a fine line between NEED to have and WANT to have. Without knowing exactly what you carry, I'd bet there are at least a few items that you don't really need or that are duplicative - maybe not, just guessing.
It would make for a really cool clinic to go through someone's backpack and discuss each item to see if there were things that could be changed or left at home. That might be a future post idea :)

Absolutely right Matt. I personally have an issue with getting cold at night and with lower back pain, so I tend to favor a traditional sleeping bag with all round loft insulation. However, as you said it just gets compressed anyway so it's not providing a lot of additional warmth. It's not adding very much weight really or saving much room. Definitely a valid point though so thanks for adding that.

To be clear, I'm not suggesting you all try and become ultralight backpackers and give up every comfort - that is NOT what I am saying at all. Make small cuts to your gear weight where it makes sense and you'll see the weight saving add up. These are just typically the three most heavy items we all carry. Aim for a "comfort" weight and make sensible choices.

Absolutely right Matt. I personally have an issue with getting cold at night and with lower back pain, so I tend to favor a traditional sleeping bag with all round loft insulation. However, as you said it just gets compressed anyway so it's not providing a lot of additional warmth. It's not adding very much weight really or saving much room. Definitely a valid point though so thanks for adding that.
To be clear, I'm not suggesting you all try and become ultralight backpackers and give up every comfort - that is NOT what I am saying at all. Make small cuts to your gear weight where it makes sense and you'll see the weight saving add up. These are just typically the three most heavy items we all carry. Aim for a "comfort" weight and make sensible choices.

Mike, Kifaru was actually on my list in the first draft of this post, so I agree 100%. I just wanted to pair down the brands and that were included in the article and Kifaru got cut. Nothing malicious meant by it I assure you. In fact it's because of the ITS community that I became aware of Kifaru (Pig Monkey!).