Ploidy level and Pollen Morphology

<x-charset iso-8859-1>
Sanjay Kapoor wrote:
> Dear Everyone
>> I would like to know if there is any systematic study that shows correlat=
ion
> between the ploidy level in a particular species and its pollen morpholog=
y.
> In case any one of you is working on this aspect I would like to
> communicate with you.
>> I would gratefully appreciate your help in this matter
I do not work in this area, but do cover the material in my cytogenics class=
=2E
There may not be systematic studies as such, but there is plenty of informat=
ion
that shows that there can be definite changes: a) volume; b) number of
germination pores, and c) overall shape:
The biggest difference is in size. N=3D2x pollen (produced by a tetraploid)=
will
have twice the volume of n=3Dx pollen produced by a diploid. When the
n=3D2x pollen
is hydrated, its diameter should be 1.26x that of n=3Dx pollen. This
number comes
from the change observed in diameter when the volume of a sphere is doubled.
See:
Anderson, L.B. 1973. Relative performance of late-flowering tetraploid red
clover 'Grasslands 4706', five diploid red clovers, and white clover. N.Z.J.
Expt. Agric. 1:233-237.
Bragdo, M. 1955. Production of polyploids by colchicine. Euphytica 4:76-8=
2.
Evans, A.M. 1955. The production and identification of polyploids in red
clover, white clover, and lucerne. New Phytol. 54:149-163.
Stelly,D.M. and S.J.Peloquin. 1985. Screening for 2n female gametophytes,
female fertility, and 2x X 4x crossability in potatoes (Solanum spp.). Am.
Potato J. 62:519-529.
***************
In some crops, eg, red clover, n=3D2x pollen has 4-6 germination pores,=
while 2=3Dx
pollen always has 3. See
Dijkstra,J. and G.J.Speckmann. 1965. Germinal pore number in pollen grains=
as a
selection basis in the production of tetraploid clover. Euphytica 14:244-248=
=2E
Halasz, E. 1974. Identification of C0 plants based on the number of
"germination pores" of the pollen of red clover. Novenytermeles 23:295-298.
Laczynska-Hulewicz, T. and T. Mackiewicz. 1963. Poleen Fertilitat und
Pollenschlauchwachstum bei Di- und Tetraploidem Rotklee. Zuchter 33:11-17.
Najcevska, C.M. and G.J. Speckmann. 1968. Numbers of chloroplasts and poll=
en
grain pores in diploid and tetraploid varieities of some Trifolium species.
Euphytica 17: 257-362.
N=B8esch, B. 1972. Investigations on tetraploid Swiss Mattenklee (Trifolium
pratense). C. Morphological and physiological characters. Schweizer. Land=
w.
13:59-75.
**************
=46inally, n=3D2x pollen from carrot, red clover and pea is tetrahedronal in=
shape,
very distinct from n=3Dx pollen. See:
Bragdo, M. 1955. Production of polyploids by colchicine. Euphytica 4:76-8=
2.
Eskilsson, L. 1963. A method for estimating pollen quality in autoploid
plants. Hereditas 49:185-189.
Joshi and Raghavanshi, 1965.
Myers,J.R., E.T.Gritton, and B.Y.Struckmeyer. 1984. Production of 2n pollen =
and
further characterization of the calyx carpellaris (cc) trait in pea. Crop Sc=
i.
24:1063-1069.
R=CCman,L. and J.Pol=B7k. 1968. Polyploids with perennial forage crops.
Identification according to pollen. Pol'nohaspodarstvo 14:836-851.
Odinzova 1970
Taylor, N.L., M.K. Anderson, K.H. Quesenberry, and L. Watson. 1976. Doubli=
ng
the chromosome number of Trifolium species using nitrous oxide. Crop Science=
=2E
16:516-518.
>>> sincerely
>> Sanjay
>> **************************************
> Sanjay Kapoor, Ph.D.
> Laboratory of Developmental Biology
> Department of Plant Physiology
> Institute of Plant Science
> National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
> 2-1-2, Kannondai, Tsukuba, JAPAN
>> E-mail kapoors at affrc.go.jp> **************************************
>> ---
---
</x-charset>