The purpose of this thesis is to examine the processes of sexual offense cases against boys before courts, with a close look at how many are sexually abused by someone they don´t know and the effects of the abuse. Furthermore, the difference in character and appearance of sexual abuse against boys compared to girls will be considered, in terms of expert reports that have been submitted in some cases in relation to the effects that the offense has on the victim and research and studies on this subject. Finally, the thesis offers a comparison of the results of the author„s study and foreign studies.Fundamental results prove that boys are at higher risk of being sexually abused by a stranger compared to girls who are usually sexually abused by someone known to them. Male children were, on the other hand, at higher risk of being sexually abused by someone they know, than preadolescent and adolescent males. It was particularly noteworthy how many demonstrated anger in addition to how many of them feared that their friends would find out about the abuse, which is connected to the shame and guilt they suffered from, besides the fear of being labeled homosexual. The results of the gender differences in consequences of sexual abuse showed that girls engage in a variety of forms of internalizing behavior and boys report some forms of externalizing behaviors.The results of foreign studies are on the most part similar to the results of domestic studies. The proportion of extra familiar abuse among boys is nevertheless a bit higher according to Icelandic cases. Additionally, boys are more often sexually abused before puberty according to foreign studies, which is opposite to the results of Icelandic cases. Finally the average age of perpetrators is considerably lower according to foreign studies, generally over 40 years of age, compared to 32 years. The reason may be that information about the age of the perpetrator was not specified in all of the cases.Finally it is worth mentioning that the results overall suggest that sexual violence against boys is hidden. It is therefore clear that this issue needs to be taken to an objective discussion.