How to implement a dual language program in an established elementary public school - Dissertation Example

How to implement A Dual Language Program in an Established Elementary Public School Name Name of Institution LITERATURE REVIEW Theory of learning First and Second Language Language is one of the most important skills a person can have; it is a comprehensive and powerful human ability (Gersten, 1999)…

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However, a person is not born speaking a language, it is learned and through a learning process that starts at the time of birth (Fielding, 2009). In reference to the work done by linguist Noam Chomsky, Mason describes language to be a “specific skill”. Elaborating on Chomsky’s description of language as an inherent faculty, Mason in his lecture “Learning Language” said that man was born with a set of rules related to language in his head and he called these set of rules “Universal Grammar” (Learning Language, n.d.). Acquiring the First Language Children show a natural tendency towards language acquisition. Language acquisition occurs through the numerous experiences of everyday life (Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory, n.d). Acquiring language without any systematic effort is called first language acquisition. Language acquisition takes place during conversation; when adults talk, children respond and thus grasp the basics of a language being spoken (Moloney, 2007). The pattern of interaction between parents and children may differ with cultures but the rate at which the children develop as language users remains the same throughout the world (Clark, n.d). Children learn the language they are exposed to (Garcia, 2009). Every child learns the first language without the need of any formal lessons (Pinker, 1995). Clark has described language acquisition among children as a part of the overall physical, social and cognitive development of a child. In Clark’s opinion, children between ages 2 and 6 can rapidly acquire a language and mostly by the time they turn 6, they are proficient language users. Although a lot has been said and written about the development of language in a child, a great deal remains to be explored. The language of a child is a constantly developing process which undergoes many changes. The children seem to acquire the first language quickly, early and with few mistakes (Linden, 2008). A child’s experience with language and his interaction with others teach him the sound-meaning relationship and help him comprehend the purpose it represents. Although the rate at which children acquire first language skills may differ, there is little difference in the pattern of development between the languages (Clark, n.d) According to Clark children acquire communicative competency naturally and inherently, and then develop an understanding of the grammatical rules of the language. The structure of the language develops with thinking abilities and social interactions of the child. As the language skills develop, children become conscious of the social situations around them and learn to think and behave accordingly (Pinker, 1995). Second Language Acquisition Stephen Krashen (2009), a well known linguist identified the difference between learning and acquisition. In his theory of the second language acquisition, Krashen defined acquisition as a subconscious and instinctive process of constructing the structure of a language quite similar to the way a child picks up his first language (Krashen, 2009). Learning on the other hand is a conscious process based on formal instruction and involves conscious learning of a language (Schutz, 2007). Krashen (2009) has described learning as “less important than acquisition”
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The purpose of this research is to investigate the following: the Dual Language Immersion (DLI) programs; languages offered in the DLI programs; financing Dual Language programs in schools; opposition to Dual Language Immersion programs; The DLI programs and economic crisis; the long duration of course; private funding options

First half of chapter one
The global economy and the ubiquity of international travel and business have necessitated communications between people whose native languages are not the same. The number of Americans having fluency in a language other than English is quite small and unfortunately the schools in America do not teach in multiple languages.

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” The researcher will present methodologies for data collection and data analysis in the following sections with reference to academic peer reviewed sources. The advantages and shortcomings will also be revealed to clarify the scope of this research project.

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It has been discovered that the parents and teachers are showing more and more interest in using sign language to communicate with their children. The writer has discussed the various advantages of sign languages for learning and acquiring the language in a sophisticated manner.

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ion of the Death Penalty Chapter 1 – Introduction United Nations The UN was formed after World War II, in the year 1945. Initially there were 51 nations that came together to do this. These countries were intent upon preserving international security and peace, and developing amicable relations between nations.

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