Nutrients Part 1

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Transcript of Nutrients Part 1

CarbohydratesFatsProteinsVitaminsMineralsWaterNutrients are chemical substances found in our foods that nourish our bodiesOur energy comes from the nutrients in the foods we eatEnergy is used to keep your heart beating, to breathe and to build & repair body tissuesOur bodies use some form of energy all the time, whether sitting, sleeping or riding a bikeCarbohydrates, Fats & Proteins provide energyVitamins & Minerals help release energy in the bodyIn General . . .Too LittleFragile teeth & bonesOsteoporosisDairy ProductsMilkIce CreamGreen Leafy VegetablesFood SourcesToo LittleVomitingSleeplessnessFatigue

2. Water Soluble (Excreted)Vitamins Are:VitaminsComplete15.Complete13.Complete12.Incomplete11.Complete9.Incomplete8.Incomplete7.Complete5.Incomplete4.Incomplete3.Complete1.15.14.13.12.11.10.9.8.7.6.4.3.2.1.Directions- Number 1 to 15Identify the following as incomplete or complete proteinsQuizAn illness caused from sever lack of proteins in the dietStunts growth, causes mental retardation and sometimes deathKwashiorkorEat Legumes-anything grown in a pod (grains, nuts or seeds)This method is called “Protein Complementarity”Nature Makes It Simple to Get Enough Protein. . .Poor vitality & muscle toneHarder to fight off infectionsToo LittleCombine 2 or more incomplete proteins to make a complete proteinExamples: Beans & Rice, peanut butter & bread or spaghetti & tomato sauceComplete – Animal Sources2 TypesTheronineTryptophanHistidine And for children, ArgininePhenylalanineLysineIsoleucineLeucineValineMethionine9 Amino Acids are “Essential” because our bodies can’t make them it is “essential” that you get them in your daily diet!22 Amino AcidsThe building blocks of proteinMade up of Amino AcidsProteins can be used for energy when there are not enough carbohydrates and fats in the diet10 to 22% of a person’s daily dietary intakeMay need extra when pregnant or nursingWater excluded, protein makes up 75% of our bodyProtein is constantly breaking down old & building up new cellsConsidered the most important nutrientMain component found in all body cellsProteinsThe body will use protein for the energy it needs and not for building & repairing body tissueAlso . . .May lack energy, be constipated or be under-weightToo LittleMay lead to being overweight or to dental problemsToo MuchSugars are simple carbohydratesStarches & Fibers are complexMost of your intake should be complexSimple & ComplexFIBER (cellulose) – beans, nuts, vegetable drinks, honey, popcorn, legumes & raw vegetables1. Sucrose - Sugar cane & many fruits 2. Dextrose – Sweet fruits & some vegetables (glucose)3. Fructose – Ripe fruits & honey (fruit sugar)4. Maltose – Cereal grains 5. Lactose – Milk (milk sugar)5 Types of SugarSUGAR – (5 types) fruits, soft drinks, honey, sugar, syrup & milk3 Basic Types1. Supply the body with energy 2. Help the body use fat and proteins efficientlyFunctions of CarbohydratesAny carbohydrates that are not burned, are stored as fatCarbohydrates are made up of;CarbonHydrogenOxygenCarbohydrates, Fats & Proteins provide energyVitamins & Minerals help release energy in the bodyIn General . . .CarbohydratesFatsProteinsVitaminsMineralsWaterOur energy comes from the nutrients in the food we eatEnergy is used to keep your heart beating, to breathe and to build & repair body tissuesSix ClassificationsofToo LittleScaly skinMild DepressionFatigue & nauseaBut it is rare to get too little!Too MuchDiarrheaDependencyToo LittlePainful JointsSwellingBruisingBleeding GumsVitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)Functions: Helps body use proteinHelps form red blood cellsVitamin B1 (Thiamin)Functions: Helps brain, nerves & muscles function properlyWater-Soluble Vitamins:Thiamin (B1)Riboflavin (B2)Pyridoxine (B6) Cobalamin (B12) NiacinVitamin CFolate (Folic Acid)BiotinPantothenic AcidGreen Leafy VegetablesCauliflowerLiverAlso, made by bacteria in the intestinesFood SourcesVegetable oilsLiverMargarineWhole grainsFood SourcesSunlight (not a food)Fish OilsFortified MilkFood SourcesIncomplete14.Complete10.Complete6.Complete2.5.Stored as fat and not used to make body tissueIs a waste of moneyToo MuchIncomplete – Plant Sources1. Build and repair body tissues2. Help form antibodies to fight infectionsFunctions of ProteinsSTARCH – breads, cereals, pasta, rice, potatoes and grits3. Supply the body with fiber4. Aid in digestionShould make up about 50% of a person’s daily dietary intakeCarbohydratesNutrients are chemical substances found in our foods that nourish our bodiesOur bodies use some form of energy all the time, whether sitting, sleeping or riding a bikeIn recent years, soy and tofu have become popular!