2) Circulation 2010;121:1005-13. Lalani T, et al. Analysis of impact of early Surgery on in-hospital mortality of native valve endocarditis.Data from an international registry. Non-randomized, retrospective study. So, of limited help. But, still useful information from a large cohort. Conclusion is that early surgery for native valve endocarditis has benefit of lower mortality compared to medical therapy alone. (Defn. of early surgery is replacement or repair of valve during initial hospitalization for IE)....Read als0, the editorial on this article at Circulation 2010;121:960-2.