The Future and Challenges of Technology for the Prosperity and Well-Being of the World - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Future and Challenges of Technology for the Prosperity and Well-Being of the World. Michael Lightner, PhD 2005 IEEE President-Elect CONFIEP 2005 August 9 Lima, Peru. Welcome and Disclaimer. It is an honor to be here and I thank Our wonderful hosts and

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Sources: IEEE Spectrum, Nov 2004 , “Most important technology for the next decade” and “10 tech companies for next decade”; Trend Consortium, Sep 2004, “24-month future scan: technologies that will impact business over the next two years”; and Business 2.0, Sep 2004, “Seven new technologies”

The planet's population continues to explode: from 2.6 billion in 1950, to 6.2 in 2002 and 9.1 billion in 2050

Less developed countries (LDCs) dominate the list of the world's ten most populous countries and will drive population growth for the next five decades. LDCs in Asia and Oceania excluding India and China are expected to be more populous than any other region by 2050.

The largest percentage increase in population size over the next five decades is projected to occur in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau - Population Division, International Programs Center, International Data Base

In 2002, China is the most populous country in the world and India, the second most populous. India gains population rapidly and eclipses China in total population in 2037.

Half of the world’s more developed countries (MDCs), including those in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, are expected to experience population declines over the next 50 years. The United States is the only MDC expected to be among the ten most populous countries in 2050.

MDCs will experience aging populations, while LDCs will have a “youth bulge.” Nearly 50% of the world’s population could be less than 18 years old by 2020.

Median age(2002-03)

32

42

24

39

42

41

39

39

36

Source: U.S. Census Bureau - Population Division, International Programs Center, International Data Base

Possessing large and well-developed agricultural, mining, manufacturing and service sectors, Brazil's economy outweighs that of all other South American countries and is expanding its presence in world markets

An industrial power with the largest population in Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil has made big strides in reducing social and economic inequality, which are both cause and consequence of the poverty that continues to afflict millions of people in the country

With one of the largest hydropower sectors in the world, Brazil is a country for the future

But the country's energy infrastructure needs some repair

The bulk of foreign direct investment in Brazil is going into banking, electricity, and telecommunications

An emerging-market economy that manages to produce more than 200,000 science grads a year

Students are well-trained in computer science, physics, mathematics, and engineering. Growing numbers are being snapped up by some of the world's biggest tech companies.

One of Russia's surprising survival stories is the resurgence of the country's once-superb, State-funded scientific education system.

Russia's universities and scientific institutes are slowly adapting to the harsh realities of a market economy, by tapping private funding and research contracts and forming partnerships with international heavyweights such as Intel, IBM, and Cisco Systems. Meanwhile, enrollment in science courses is rising once again.

Government spending on science is up by 90% since 1998, although it remains a fraction of what it was under communism. Meanwhile, private finance now makes up around 45% of all research funding.

Intel already employs 500 Russian engineers at research centers in Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Nizhny Novgorod, and plans to recruit 500 more this year

Global technology companies, including Intel, Microsoft, Cisco Systems and Samsung Electronics are increasingly turning their India operations into centers for research and development (R&D)

The companies are taking advantage of the high-level engineering skills and the innovative working capabilities in India. They are investing to expand their R&D centers. [India Business Insights Dec 2004]

Microsoft has opened its 28-acre campus in Hyderabad and intends to open a research campus in Bangalore in 2005

Intel's development center in Bangalore has 2,400 professionals.

SSA Global is planning to invest $12 million during Jan-Sep 2005 in its Hyderabad R&D hub

3.35 million higher education students with an additional 270,000 enrolled for post-graduate study

400,000 Chinese nationals studying overseas

China’s use of electronic media has exploded. In 1997, 620,000 people in China had Internet accounts and in 2002 that figure stood at 59.1 million. This puts China second in the world for Net connectivity. China may pass the United States in the number of Internet users within two years; it already leads the world in cell phone users.

China's booming domestic private companies have become the backbone of the country's science and technology industry as their numbers and assets increase

China overtook the United States in 2003 as the top global recipient of foreign direct investment

Google, Yahoo!, and eBay have all made recent acquisitions in China, and all are looking to boost growth in a region where the upside is huge compared to their home markets.

Every tech company with global ambitions knows that it will wind up being either a partner with China's emerging tech sector or else its rival

Following a boom in domestic sales of telecommunications equipment, Chinese companies are focusing on the development of their foreign operations and becoming a major player in the European and North American markets

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), U.S. Department of Labor, projects future job growth by industry and occupation. The 10-year projections were published in the February 2004 issue of Monthly Labor Review. The BLS projections are based on assumptions of economic growth and model-based findings that connect the past to the future.

Projections for engineers, scientists and computer-related occupations of interest to the IEEE are covered in the following two slides.

Three of the 10 fastest growing occupations are computer-related occupations. Network systems and data communications analysts will grow 57% and software engineering occupations (applications and systems software) will grow 46%.

Engineering occupations are projected to grow 7% with environmental engineers being the fastest growing (38%) followed by biomedical engineers (26%). Electrical and electronics engineering jobs and computer hardware engineering jobs are each projected to grow 6%.

Computer systems analysts will add 184,000 jobs and software engineers (applications) will add 179,000. These are among the occupations with the largest projected numerical job growth between 2002 and 2012. About 17,000 EE jobs and 5,000 computer engineering jobs will be added over the next decade.

The number of electrical and computer engineering jobs as well as information science jobs to be created in the next SEVEN years in the U.S. is less than the number of graduates in these areas in India and China THIS year.