3 Lessons from Pentecost

I preached this sermon at University Church of the Nazarene (on the campus of Africa Nazarene University, outside Nairobi, Kenya) on June 4, 2017.

Text: Acts 2:1-13

Introduction

Everyone was excited about the Feast of Weeks. They called it Shavuot, or Pentecost. They counted them down with anticipation. From Passover to the giving of the Ten Commandments at Mt Sinai — count ’em: 7 weeks, 50 days. And so from all over the Mediterranean basin and beyond, Jews who had scattered descended upon Jerusalem for a 2 day celebration. It was party time!

A surprising twist

Do you like surprises? On Pentecost, God did something surprising, something these Jewish pilgrims could not have expected. Now, the 120 gathered praying in the Upper Room knew what Jesus had said. Just before he ascended to heaven, the Lord had promised:

In a few days you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit (Acts 1:5, CEB).

But the visitors to Jerusalem knew nothing of Jesus’ promise.

When the wind blew, when the Holy Spirit descended, when the fire lit over the heads of the 120, when they heard them speaking their languages, miraculously empowered by God, the crowds were amazed. Some thought they were drunk, even though it was only 9 a.m.!

The rest of Acts 2 records Peter’s sermon. You might call it a birthday sermon. No, it wasn’t Peter’s birthday, but if was the birthday of the Church.

3 Lessons from Pentecost

Today is Pentecost Sunday. It’s the day on the Christian Calendar when churches around the world commemorate the coming of the Holy Spirit on that day so long ago. Red is the traditional color of Pentecost, symbolizing the fire of the Holy Ghost. Pentecost sometimes is overlooked. It may seem less important than Christmas (the Festival of the Incarnation) or Easter (the Festival of the Resurrection). Yet Pentecost Sunday is foundational for our faith, especially for our life together as the Church, the People of God. As we consider Acts 2, let’s look together at 3 lessons from Pentecost:

Lesson 1 – We really need the Holy Spirit.

Lesson 2 – We really need a new direction.

Lesson 3 – We really need each other.

We really need the Holy Spirit.

You can’t understand Acts 2 unless you know something about Joel 2. When some in the crowd at Pentecost accused the 120 of celebrating Shavuot a little too much, of being inebriated, Peter stood. Before a crowd of Jews, Peter appealed to a Jewish prophet. Joel had prophesied what God would do:

After that, I will pour out my spirit upon everyone; your sons and daughters will prophesy, your old men will dream dreams, and your young men will see visions (Joel 2:28, CEB; see also Acts 2:17).

On this, the birthday of the Church, Jesus knew that the task of making disciples in all nations was immense. There was no way that the Church in its own puny power was up to the job. They absolutely had to receive the power of the Holy Spirit.

If on that day long ago, they really needed the Holy Spirit, then hear this: We really need the Holy Spirit! We simply cannot fulfill the world-changing mission that God has given us if we operate in our own weakness.

There were 3 symbols when the Holy Spirit fell on the 120 gathered in the Upper Room: wind, fire, and languages. When I say, “We really need the Holy Spirit,” I think first of the symbol of wind. The KJV describes it as a “rushing, mighty wind.” It’s a symbol of spiritual power.

A.B. Simpson once said: “One of the special marks of the Holy Ghost in the Apostolic Church was the spirit of boldness.” Commentators have often remarked about the change that came over Peter on the day of Pentecost. Just 50 days earlier around a bonfire, when accused by a solitary slave girl, Peter had denied Jesus not once, not twice, but three times. Now in broad daylight, in front of a crowd of thousands, he boldly preached the Good News. What a difference the Holy Spirit makes. We really need the Holy Spirit! I wonder: Has he filled you?

We really need a new direction.

Yet not only do we really need the Holy Spirit. Secondly, we really need a new direction. When the Holy Spirit comes – says John 16:8 – he will convict the world of sin.

Besides the symbol of wind, representing the Holy Spirit’s power, there is the symbol of the flames of fire hover over each of the 120. This flame symbolizes the Holy Spirit’s cleansing. Looking back on what had transpired at Pentecost, before the Council of Jerusalem, in Acts 15:8-9 Peter testified that God had “purified our hearts by faith.” What do we mean by purity? We’re talking about new direction, abandoning wrong things that would destroy us and embracing the good things of God that give us purpose and long-term contentment. Only the Holy Spirit and his cleansing can give us the new direction that we so desperately need. John Hyles comments:

Fire is chosen to symbolize the Holy Spirit, no doubt, because of what it does. Fire burns out the dross. Fire gives light. Fire gives warmth. Oh, to be on fire for God!

As Peter preached to the crowd, he realized that his listeners also needed a new direction. Look at Acts 2:23: You crucified him, with the help of wicked men! And then in v.37, the crowd is troubled by Peter’s accusation and asks: “Brothers, what shall we do?” Peter answers: “Change your hearts and lives” (CEB). Other versions say: “Repent and be baptized.” What are we talking about? New direction. Let the Holy Spirit’s fire purify your sinful heart. Do you need a new direction today?

We really need each other.

Yet there is a third lesson from Pentecost. Not only do we really need the Holy Spirit; not only do we really need a new direction. Finally, we really need each other.

John Wesley (1703-91)

John Wesley famously insisted:

‘Holy solitaries’ is phrase no more consistent with the Gospel than holy adulturers. The Gospel of Christ knows no religion but social; no holiness, but social holiness.

It should strike us that Jesus could have sent the Holy Spirit on each of the 120 individually when they were praying at home alone. Instead, the Holy Spirit fell when they were in the Upper Room praying together. There is something about joining forces that moves spiritual mountains.

The third symbol – besides wind and fire – was languages. These were earthly languages, the various mother tongues spoken by the Jews who had come from so many far-off places. Was it a miracle of speaking or a miracle of hearing? The account is inconclusive, but one thing is sure: God was intent on getting his message across. The language miracle symbolizes the connectedness God desires for his people; language is meant to bind people together for a common purpose.

What is striking about Acts 2 is that it begins with togetherness and it ends with togetherness. Acts 2:42ff speaks of shared teaching, shared meals, shared prayers, even shared possessions. The Holy Spirit united their hearts in singleness of purpose and mission. Don’t you long for that kind of unity in the Church today? Simply put, we cannot accomplish individually the mission God that God has given us. The Ivorian proverb reminds us:

You can’t pick up a grain of rice with just one finger.

About 2 months ago, I was hospitalized with a sudden bleeding condition. I thank the Lord for a wonderful wife who stood by me through that scary experience, which included an operation. But there were many others who helped us: nurses at the ANU clinic, ambulance drivers, ANU transport who took Amy to and from the hospital, Pastor Gift, the DVC and the VC who visited me at the hospital, and so many who prayed for me. The proverb says: “No one is an island,” and I was so glad through that experience to be part of community. The lesson from Pentecost is still true today: We really need each other! Let us never allow the Devil to divide us.

Conclusion

Today is Pentecost Sunday. Three lessons are before us:

We really need the Holy Spirit. We need the spiritual power symbolized by the wind, the power that only he can give us.

We really need a new direction. Only the fire of the Holy Spirit can cleanse our hearts and give us a fresh start.

We really need each other. The languages symbolize our connectedness. To accomplish the Church’s mission, we must work together.

May the Lord open our eyes anew to the lessons of Pentecost.

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3 thoughts on “3 Lessons from Pentecost”

Gregg: I am Terrel Samuels – from Arlington, TX. You and Amy spentseveral days with Ruth and me while on deputation in the Arlington/FortWorth area. Are you enjoying the university life? It is good toreceive your “Theology in Overalls.” Keep it up. Thanks for your definition of “purity” as a “new direction” in life.Very interesting!! It is more of what happened in my life. I had alwaysidentified purity with the eradication of sin in my heart and life. I desperately wanted “purity or cleansing” to be that element of power given to me by God that would deliver me from the ability and the desire to sin. That form of “purity or cleansing” seems to have evaded me in my life. Your concept of “purity or cleansing” as being a change in direction in life seems far superior to my old way of thinking. Thank God I did not give up because my thinking did not correspond to what happened in my life. Thanks for your words!!. Understanding the words and the real meaning or concepts of those words has been important in my life . Thanks for the help. We pray that God’s blessing will be on you and Amy. We have missed Amy’s weekly posts but know you have both busywith the move and new assignment. Thanks again and have a good day in the Lord Terrel and Ruth

Terrel, of course we remember you and Ruth! So good to hear from you. I’m glad that my sermon was useful to you. We are doing well at ANU, enjoying our ministry here. Please give our greetings to your dear wife. – Greg (for Amy, too)

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Meet Greg

Gregory Crofford, M.A., Ph.D. (University of Manchester, England, 2005, 2008) is an ordained elder in the church, ministering with the Church of the Nazarene. He is Dean of the School of Religion and Christian Ministry at Africa Nazarene University (Nairobi, Kenya) and Coordinator of the PhD (Religion) program. Formerly, he served as Coordinator of Education and Clergy Development for the Africa Region (Church of the Nazarene). Areas of academic interest include early Methodism, missional ecclesiology, and ecotheology.

Greg is also a graduate of Nazarene Theological Seminary (M.Div.- missiology, 1989) and Eastern Nazarene College (B.A.- Religion, 1985). He is a member of Phi Delta Lambda, a Fellow of the Manchester Wesley Research Center (MWRC), a member of the Wesleyan Theological Society (WTS) and secretary of the African Society for Evangelical Theology (ASET).

Writings by Dr. Crofford

Mere Ecclesiology: Finding Your Place in the Church's Mission (Wipf & Stock, 2016) explores the church's purpose and mission in two movements: 1) "breathing in" (worship and discipleship) and 2) "breathing out" (transformational service in the world). It is available in paperback for $ 13.60 USD from Wipf & Stock by clicking here..

"Greg has powerfully captured the church, 'God’s mission in the World', in these brief pages. Ecclesiology is generally a subject written and discussed in academic theological circles and rarely reaches the person in the pew. But this is one for the pew and will be valued as well."
-Jo Anne Lyon, Ambassador
General Superintendent Emerita
The Wesleyan Church

From the back cover:

"This is an excellent overview of the work of the church. Refreshing!"
- Jesse C. Middendorf, General Superintendent Emeritus, Church of the Nazarene

"If ever the church needed a grassroots understanding to fulfill its mission in the world in this significant time, then this is the 'back to the basics' guide so desperately needed."
- Gabriel J. Benjamin, Church of the Nazarene, Africa Region Education and Clergy Development Coordinator

"Crofford invites us into a discussion regarding the theology of church and the practical implications for ministry...This work will prove useful for the church engaged in the formation of Christlike disciples."
-Carla Sunberg, President, Professor of Historical Theology, Nazarene Theological Seminary

"In promoting a healthy church, Dr. Crofford emphasizes the need for 'spiritual respiration.' His conception of church health first requires a 'breathing in' of personal growth that is spiritual, knowledgeable, and communal. Second, spiritual respiration requires a 'breathing out' that is missional, ministering practically to others for their holistic salvation, societal well-being, and ecological care-giving. . . Crofford identifies step-by-step strategies that help Christians to implement 'spiritual respiration' in finding their place in the church's mission."
-Don Thorsen, Professor of Theology, Azusa Pacific University Seminary

The Dark Side of Destiny: Hell Re-Examined (Wipf & Stock, 2013) is available in paperback and Amazon Kindle editions by clicking here.

It is also available here for just $ 6.99 for users of the Nook e-reader.

From the back cover:

"Discussion of Hell is hotter than ever. Yet for all the attention the topic has drawn, few are the resources that provide an overview of the major points in dispute without bogging down in detail.

The Dark Side of Destiny: Hell Re-examined is an excellent primer, yet goes beyond a mere description of options. Dr Crofford weighs various views of Hell in the light of Scripture and finds them wanting. In the end, he champions a neglected view of last things that both responds better to the preponderance of biblical evidence and safeguards the character of God as equitable, holy, and loving.

With probing discussion questions at the end of short chapters, The Dark Side of Destiny is ideal for Bible studies, Sunday school classes, or small groups."

The buzz about Dark Side (from Amazon.com reviews):

"I read this book with my husband on a recent trip out of state. The book is short but says all I'd hoped it would say and does so very neatly. It gave us hours of discussions to make an otherwise dull drive very interesting." - Charlotte Burton

"Dr. Crofford thoughtfully engages with a neglected part of the biblical message: final judgment." - Andrew Pottenger

"Dr. Crofford writes well and treats all positions with gentleness and respect. Beware,-- this little gem is very thought provoking." - John Watton

Wesley and Methodist Studies (WMS) publishes peer-reviewed essays that examine the life and work of John and Charles Wesley, their contemporaries (proponents or opponents) in the eighteenth-century Evangelical Revival, their historical and theological antecedents, their successors in the Wesleyan tradition, and studies of the Wesleyan and Evangelical traditions today.

Dr. Crofford's article, ‘Grace to All did Freely Move’: Thoughts on Charles Wesley’s 1741/42 Hymns on God’s Everlasting Love' appeared in Volume 6 (January 2014). Based upon research conducted during the 2012 Wesleyan Studies Summer Seminar at Asbury Theological Seminary (Wilmington, Kentucky, USA), the essay examines the predestinarian controversy between the Wesley brothers and the followers of George Whitefield, with special focus upon the pastoral concerns that motivated the publication of the Wesleys' hymn collection.

The Global Wesleyan Dictionary of Theology is available in hardcover by clicking here.

Dr. Al Truesale, Professor Emeritus of Systematic Theology at Nazarene Theological Seminary, is editor of this excellent selection of essays by global scholars in the Wesleyan-Holiness tradition of Christianity.

Streams of Mercy: Prevenient Grace in the Theology of John and Charles Wesley (Emeth Press, 2010) is available in both softback and Kindle editions at Amazon.com by clicking here.

This is the monograph form of Dr. Crofford's 2008 PhD thesis from the University of Manchester (Nazarene Theological College), U.K.

From the back cover of Streams of Mercy

"Exploring the theological roots of the doctrine of prevenient grace in Anglican, Puritan and Quaker sources as they streamed into the theologies of both John and Charles Wesley, Gregory Crofford has written an engaging account of the significance of this salient grace. In a work marked by careful balance, Crofford ably demonstrates that the doctrine of prevenient grace not only helped the Wesley brothers to integrate diverse elements in their respective theologies but it also enabled them to avoid rigid determinism on the one hand and the 'despair of moralism' on the other. This is an important contribution to the field."

Streams of Mercy was cited by Dr. Amos Yong (currently the Director of Fuller Theological Seminary's Center for Missiological Research) in his plenary address on religious pluralism given to the 2012 meeting of the Wesleyan Theological Society held at Trevecca Nazarene University.