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TITLE OF BILL: An act to amend the criminal procedure law, the executive law, the judiciary law and the penal law, in relation to the age of criminal responsibility

This measure is being introduced at the request of the Chief Judge of the State.

This measure seeks to secure better outcomes in the justice system for youth aged 16 or 17 who axe accused of non-violent crimes. Lieu York has long provided that teenagers become criminally responsible for their actions at age 16. With limited exceptions - for 13, 14 and 15 year olds who commit the most serious offenses - a person younger than 16 who is apprehended for committing an act that would be criminal if committed by an adult is brought to Family Court, where efforts are made, through the involvement of social service agencies and other community resources, to address the dysfunction underlying the person's behavior without exposing him or her to formal prosecution and punishment. Even where those efforts are unavailing, the ultimate sanctions for a person then held responsible for his or her offense are designed to stress treatment, rehabilitation and the aim of effective reintegration into the community. Hence, no criminal record can result, the needs of the person are paramount, incarceretive placements are subject to an overarching direction that they be the least restrictive option available and records of any court proceedings axe sealed. In short, all emphasis is upon salvaging a young person - helping him or her to get past anti-social behavior and move on to a productive life.

None dispute the wisdom of this model. Indeed, many responsible people in the community now seriously question whether the State should expand it in some fashion to include slightly older teenagers. New York is today one of only two states in the Nation that prosecute 16-year olds as adult criminals. In contrast, 37 states and the District of Columbia set their respective ages of criminal responsibly at 18; 11 states set their's at 17; and the one state that shares New York's distinction as a hold-out for criminal prosecution of 16-year olds, North Carolina, has begun a process leading toward increasing its age of criminal responsibility to 18.

That the rest of the Nation has gone or is going down the path of using alternatives to the adult criminal justice system to deal with young offenders should be of little surprise. Statistically, it is sadly evident that older adolescents who face punishment in adult criminal courts have higher recidivism rates, re-offend sooner, and go on to commit violent crimes and felony property crimes at a higher rate than their younger brothers and sisters whose offenses are adjudicated through a juvenile justice model. See Fagan, 1. 'The Comparative Impacts of Juvenile and Criminal Court Sanctions On Adolescent Felony Offenders" Law and Policy 16{1): 77-119 (1996). Moreover, there is ample research concerning brain development in adolescents and their greater receptivety to corrective therapies and treatments to show that a juvenile justice model or some variation thereof, if applied to them when they offend, is likely to result in better outcomes - for the community and for the adolescent offender.

All this said, New York may not yet be ready for full embrace of a juvenile justice model for the disposition of crime perpetrated by 16and 1-year old offenders. There are institutional costs that stand in the way, as well as ingrained public attitudes. Indeed, there is no community consensus that, however different these offenders may be from older offenders .and however troubling it may be to prosecute them as adults, expanding the juvenile justice model to them is the right path to follow for them. Accordingly, this measure offers a somewhat different approach.

At heart, this measure is an effort to balance two concerns. A concern for protecting the community against teen crime and against the teenager who, over time, becomes a repeat offender with a concern that the current means employed to deal with teen crime - i.e., prosecution and punishment through the adult criminal justice system - may ultimately do far more harm to the teen and to his or her community than good. We believe that, as currently constituted, neither the adult criminal justice system nor the juvenile Family Court system offers an effective means by which to strike this balance. Accordingly, we propose this measure as a new approach to the handling of crime perpetrated by teenagers too old to be considered children but not old enough to be considered full adult's. This new approach, which will incorporate greater efforts to get troubled 16- and 17-year olds the medical, substance abuse and educational attention and assistance they need will be centered about a new judicial forum. This forum will blend features of both adult and juvenile justice systems applying tools and procedures of each to various phases of court proceedings against teen offenders in a manner best calculated to ensure public safety and offender accountability while gearing community response to teen crime to methodologies most likely to help teens counter their anti-social behaviors and reduce their likelihood of recidivism.

THE YOUTH DIVISION OF SUPERIOR COURT

Under this measure, judicial proceedings against 16- and 17-year-old offenders would remain in criminal court, albeit in a special part of criminal court to be known as the Youth Division of superior court. The Youth Division would sit in Supreme Court, Criminal Term, in New York City and in County Court (and, occasionally, in Supreme Court) in counties outside the City. IL would be presided over by judges and justices specialty trained in the issues of adolescent development, child psychology and therapeutic approaches to child pathology and juvenile crime.

ADJUSTMENT BY PROBATION

Under this measure, where a person is arrested for allegedly committing a nonviolent crime while 16 or 17 years old, the arresting officer may give him or her a special appearance ticket that directs the person to report to the local probation department at a specified date. On that return date, the probation department will attempt to adjust the case against the teen offender - in the same manner that it would attempt to adjust a case against an alleged juvenile delinquent in Family Court. If the probation department succeeds, no criminal charges will be filed against the teen, fingerprints will be destroyed and all other records pertaining to the arrest will be sealed. If the

probation department is unable to adjust the case, it will be reported to the local District Attorney who may then bring criminal charges against the teen in the Youth Division. If the teen fails to report to probation as directed in the special appearance ticket, or if the arresting officer determines not to issue such a ticket and instead chooses to take the teen into custody, then, once the teen is brought into the Youth Division*, the court will decide whether or not to refer the case to the probation department for adjustment. Where it does not do so, the District Attorney may then bring criminal charges against the teen.

Recognizing that this measure will occasion greater costs for local probation departments around the State and, to assure maximum effectiveness, require greater spending on the kinds of services needed to help teen offenders, the measure provides that its costs will be underwritten by the Judiciary: (1) by direct reimbursement cf localities for their probation outlays on account of this measure, and (2) through establishment of a juvenile Probation Assistance Program, or "JRAP", by which the courts, following the model of the enormously successful Justice Court Assistance Program, can Provide limited State aid to counties and NYC by which those localities can expand programs providing substance abuse, educational, occupational, etc., services so that the adjustment model promoted in this measure can have a real chance at success.

PROSECUTION IN THE YOUTH DIVISION

If efforts at adjustment fail, or if the Youth Division determines that such efforts are not suitable in a particular case, then the District Attorney may file an accusatory instrument with the Youth Division to commence a criminal action against the teen offender. In such case, prosecution against him or her will proceed as it would in any other adult criminal prosecution. All provisions of the Criminal Procedure Law that would secularly apply to such a prosecution will apply. At this stage of the proceedings, the teen offender will stand in the shoes of any other adult accused of crime.

PLACEMENT, NOT SENTENCE

If, after trial, the teen offender is exonerated, the case against him or her ends. All records will be sealed as provided in CPL 160.50. If, however, the teen offender either pleads guilty exclusively to one or more non-violent crimes in satisfaction of the charges against him or her, or he or she is found guilty by verdict exclusively of one or more nonviolent crimes, then the Youth Division, in lieu of a CPL sentencing, is to conduct a dispositional hearing on the model of the dispositional hearing prescribed by the Family Court Act for persons who have been found to be juvenile delinquents. At this hearing, the Youth Division will have available all of the dispOsitional options that a Family Court Judge would have available when rendering a juvenile delinquency disposition and be guided by the Family Court Act directive that, in choosing an option, the court "shall consider the needs and best interests of the (defendant) as well as the need for protection of the community." See PCA f 352.2. Whatever disposition the Youth Division decides upon, the affected teenager will not have a criminal record and the records of his or her offense(s) will be sealed from public. view.

SUMMARY: This measure proposes a more comprehensive solution to certain types of crime perpetrated by an in-between class of offenders: 16- and 17-year olds, who are not quite yet adults but no longer children. I.:any believe that, given the volume of their -nonviolent crimes alone committed by this group number more than 40,000 annually - and the fact that they are not young, perhaps more pliable, teenagers dictates that their malfeasance be subject to correction in the adult criminal justice system. But this view ignores considerable research indicating that this group is more receptive to medical, social and other forms of intervention and treatment than older offenders; and far more likely to avoid re-offense and an escalating life of crime if given such intervention and treatment than if they were sentenced under current provisions of the Penal Law.

For this very reason, many others believe that 16- and 17-year olds should be routed through the juvenile justice system, where they can receive services and avoid the stigma of criminal conviction. They also point to the fact that many states have raised their age of criminal responsibility and taken matters involving juveniles outside of the adult criminal justice system. Indeed, even avowedly "tough on crime" states like Texas, Georgia and Mississippi have successfully raised the age of criminal responsibility. Similarly, Illinois, which, like New York, also has large urban centers, raised its age by a phase-in process and more recently, New York's neighbor, Connecticut, increased the age as well. But this view ignores common public fears concerning teenage crime and official concern for the impact of transferring tens of thou- sands of cases to already overburdened Family Courts.

Accordingly, our objective in this measure is :lb apply the most appropriate aspects of the two systems and meld them into a new, more flexible arrangement that is better suited to the circumstances. In the adjustment Process it authorizes, the measure provides an opportunity for many teenage offenders to act the attention and treatment they need and to truly get at the heart of the problems underlying their criminal behavior. By establishing a Youth Division with specially-trained judges, to preside over criminal prosecution of ail 16- and 17-year old offenders, the measure ensures that these prosecutions will be overseen by criminal court judges arid, among them, only those most knowledgeable and experienced concerning teenage crime. And, by requiring that such prosecutions be conducted in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Law, the measure sends the community a message that, when Perpetrated by these offenders, criminal conduct ought to be adjudicated in accordance with the same standards that are applied to the prosecution of adult offenders. Finally, by substituting a Family Court-like dispositional process for adult criminal sentencing, and forgiving teenage offenders of a criminal record, the measure reflects the practical realization, reached by most other states in the Ma:ion, that a juvenile justice approach in response to proven teenage crime is much more likely to be effective in protecting the community and correcting the pathologies that produce teenage crime than the current adult penological approach.

This act will take effect November first in the second year following its enactment.

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY: None. New proposal.

*All court activity involving a person who is arrested for allegedly committing a non-violent crime while 16 or 17 years old is to take place in the Youth Division Only where that court is not in session, i. e., at night and or weekends, may a local criminal court arraign such a person In such event, however, unless the local criminal court chooses to dismiss the case altogether pursuant to law, it muss then send the case directly to the Youth Division on the next day that the Youth Division is in session.

Text

STATE OF NEW YORK
________________________________________________________________________
4489--A
2013-2014 Regular Sessions
IN SENATE
April 3, 2013
___________

Introduced by Sens. NOZZOLIO, GRISANTI, HASSELL-THOMPSON -- (at request
of the Office of Court Administration) -- read twice and ordered
printed, and when printed to be committed to the Committee on Codes --
committee discharged, bill amended, ordered reprinted as amended and
recommitted to said committee
AN ACT to amend the criminal procedure law, the executive law, the judi-
ciary law and the penal law, in relation to the age of criminal
responsibility
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Legislative findings. (a) The legislature finds and
declares that, each year, roughly 40,000 youths aged 16 and 17 are
arrested in New York and prosecuted as adults in its criminal courts,
overwhelmingly for non-felony offenses. As many studies over the past
decade have shown, however, the adult criminal justice system does not
effectively respond to teenage criminal behavior. It is costly and
largely ill-suited to the challenges such crime presents. Accordingly,
this measure aims to provide a distinctly new, more effective response
to teenage criminal behavior.
Modern behavioral neuroscience confirms that the brains of teenagers
are not yet matured; they lack impulse control and can neither make
fully-reasoned judgments nor weigh the risks and consequences of their
behavior. It is now understood that teenage offenders should be treated
differently from older criminals because their offenses are not as
"morally reprehensible as that of an adult." Moreover, as other states
nationwide have learned, and as the legislature now recognizes, teenag-
ers are better candidates for rehabilitation and more likely to benefit
from alternatives-to-incarceration programs and locally-based services.
Experience in other states has shown that recidivism among teenage
offenders drops markedly when the latter are treated with appropriate
intervention programs and services designed for teenagers rather than

EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD08997-02-3

S. 4489--A 2

with adult criminal sanctions. Indeed, where such programs and services
are utilized, all involved can benefit: the affected teenagers, many of
whom can thereby be steered away from a life of crime, and the public,
which, where these programs and services succeed, can be spared the
consequences and costs of such a life upon the community.
This is not to say that 16- and 17-year-old offenders who commit seri-
ous offenses should not be held responsible for their actions. While
they may not be adults with fully mature minds, they should not be
entirely relieved of the potentially serious consequences of their
behavior. Echoing this view, the United States Supreme Court has held
that, even while young offenders ought not be held to adult criminal
justice penalties, they are not to be altogether absolved of responsi-
bility for their actions.
After considering the options available, the legislature finds and
declares that, at the present time and given present resources, the most
effective way of balancing the limits and needs of non-violent 16- and
17-year-old offenders with community needs and relevant penological
considerations is to decriminalize their offenses and to establish a
specialized forum within the state's superior courts in which those
offenses may be addressed, a forum that blends features of criminal
court and family court in a youth division of adult criminal court
presided over by judges specially trained in adolescent development,
child psychology and therapeutic approaches to child pathology and juve-
nile crime. In such fashion, young offenders can be afforded benefits
ideally suited to their youth and developmental status, benefits that
are an integral aspect of juvenile delinquency proceedings to which
younger offenders are subject in family court. These benefits include
ensuring that 16- and 17-year-old offenders will not be stigmatized with
criminal convictions and helping them confront the problems giving rise
to their offenses with programmatic intervention outside the traditional
criminal justice environment. This measure would establish the youth
division of superior court and prescribe the special procedures neces-
sary to its operation.
(b) Recognizing the difficulties already experienced by local govern-
ments in meeting the needs of effective criminal and juvenile justice
systems, the legislature further finds and declares that it is the
purpose of this act to reform the state's system for handling 16- and
17-year-old offenders without imposing any additional fiscal burdens
upon county and city governments.
S 2. Subdivision 1 of section 1.10 of the criminal procedure law is
amended to read as follows:
1. The provisions of this chapter apply exclusively to:
(a) All criminal actions and proceedings commenced upon or after the
effective date thereof and all appeals and other post-judgment
proceedings relating or attaching thereto; [and]
(b) All matters of criminal procedure prescribed in this chapter
which do not constitute a part of any particular action or case, occur-
ring upon or after such effective date; AND
(C) ALL ACTIONS AND PROCEEDINGS COMMENCED PURSUANT TO THIS CHAPTER
AGAINST PERSONS SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEARS OF AGE WHO ARE NOT CRIMINALLY
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE OFFENSES CHARGED IN SUCH ACTIONS AND PROCEEDINGS.
S 3. Section 1.20 of the criminal procedure law is amended by adding a
new subdivision 44 to read as follows:
44. "YOUTH DIVISION OFFENSE" MEANS A FELONY OR MISDEMEANOR, OTHER THAN
A VIOLENT FELONY OFFENSE AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION 70.02
OF THE PENAL LAW OR ANY OFFENSE LISTED IN PARAGRAPH TWO OF SUBDIVISION

S. 4489--A 3

EIGHTEEN OF SECTION 10.00 OF SUCH LAW, WHERE SUCH PERSON WAS AT LEAST
SIXTEEN YEARS OLD AND LESS THAN EIGHTEEN YEARS OLD AT THE TIME OF THE
ALLEGED OFFENSE.
S 4. The criminal procedure law is amended by adding a new article 155
to read as follows:
ARTICLE 155
ARREST OF PERSONS AGED SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN AT
THE TIME THE OFFENSE IS COMMITTED
SECTION 155.00 APPLICABILITY.
155.10 PROCEDURES UPON ARREST.
155.20 SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET.
S 155.00 APPLICABILITY.
THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE SHALL APPLY TO THE ARREST BY AN OFFICER
OF A PERSON FOR A YOUTH DIVISION OFFENSE. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS ARTICLE,
THE WORD "OFFICER" MEANS A POLICE OFFICER OR PEACE OFFICER.
S 155.10 PROCEDURES UPON ARREST.
1. UPON THE ARREST OF A PERSON FOR A YOUTH DIVISION OFFENSE, THE
ARRESTING OFFICER MUST IMMEDIATELY NOTIFY THE PARENT OR OTHER PERSON
LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ARRESTED PERSON'S CARE OR, IF SUCH LEGALLY
RESPONSIBLE PERSON IS UNAVAILABLE, THE PERSON WITH WHOM THE ARRESTED
PERSON RESIDES, OF THE ARREST. AFTER MAKING A REASONABLE EFFORT TO
PROVIDE SUCH NOTIFICATION, THE OFFICER MUST:
(A) RELEASE THE ARRESTED PERSON TO THE CUSTODY OF HIS OR HER PARENT OR
OTHER PERSON LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR HIS OR HER CARE UPON THE ISSUANCE
OF A SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 155.20 TO THE
ARRESTED PERSON WITH A COPY THEREOF TO THE PERSON TO WHOSE CUSTODY HE OR
SHE IS RELEASED; OR
(B) WHERE EFFORTS TO REACH A PARENT OR OTHER PERSON LEGALLY RESPONSI-
BLE FOR THE ARRESTED PERSON'S CARE HAVE BEEN UNSUCCESSFUL, RELEASE THE
ARRESTED PERSON UPON THE ISSUANCE OF A SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET, IN
WHICH EVENT THE OFFICER SHALL MAIL A COPY OF SUCH APPEARANCE TICKET,
WITHIN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS OF ITS ISSUANCE, TO SUCH PARENT OR OTHER PERSON
LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE; OR
(C) WITHOUT UNNECESSARY DELAY, TAKE THE ARRESTED PERSON DIRECTLY TO
THE YOUTH DIVISION OF SUPERIOR COURT IN THE COUNTY IN WHICH THE ALLEGED
OFFENSE WAS COMMITTED UNLESS THE OFFICER DETERMINES THAT IT IS NECESSARY
TO QUESTION THE ARRESTED PERSON, IN WHICH CASE THE OFFICER MAY TAKE HIM
OR HER TO A FACILITY DESIGNATED BY THE CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR OF THE COURTS
AS A SUITABLE PLACE FOR THE QUESTIONING OF CHILDREN OR, UPON THE CONSENT
OF A PARENT OR OTHER PERSON LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CARE OF THE
ARRESTED PERSON, TO THE ARRESTED PERSON'S RESIDENCE AND THERE QUESTION
HIM OR HER FOR A REASONABLE PERIOD OF TIME.
NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, WHERE IT APPEARS THAT THE ARRESTED PERSON
IS A SEXUALLY-EXPLOITED CHILD UNDER THE AGE OF EIGHTEEN AS DEFINED IN
SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED FORTY-SEVEN-A OF THE SOCIAL
SERVICES LAW, THE ARRESTING OFFICER SHALL TAKE THE ARRESTED PERSON TO AN
AVAILABLE SHORT-TERM SAFE HOUSE, BUT ONLY IF SUCH PERSON CONSENTS TO BE
TAKEN.
2. AN ARRESTED PERSON SHALL NOT BE QUESTIONED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION
UNLESS HE OR SHE AND A PERSON REQUIRED TO BE NOTIFIED PURSUANT TO THIS
SECTION, IF PRESENT, HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE ARRESTED PERSON'S RIGHT TO
REMAIN SILENT, THAT ANY STATEMENTS MADE BY THE ARRESTED PERSON COULD BE
USED IN A COURT OF LAW, THAT THE ARRESTED PERSON HAS THE RIGHT TO HAVE
AN ATTORNEY PRESENT AT SUCH QUESTIONING, AND THAT IF THE ARRESTED PERSON
CANNOT AFFORD AN ATTORNEY, ONE WILL BE PROVIDED FREE OF CHARGE. IN
DETERMINING WHETHER THE ARRESTED PERSON KNOWINGLY AND INTELLIGENTLY

S. 4489--A 4

WAIVED ANY OF THESE RIGHTS, A COURT MAY CONSIDER, AMONG OTHER RELEVANT
FACTORS, THE ARRESTED PERSON'S AGE, THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF HIS OR
HER PARENT OR OTHER PERSON LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR HIS OR HER CARE AND
WHETHER THERE HAS BEEN NOTIFICATION OF THE PERSON REQUIRED TO BE NOTI-
FIED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION.
S 155.20 SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET.
1. DEFINITION, FORM AND CONTENT. A SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET IS A
WRITTEN NOTICE ISSUED AND SUBSCRIBED BY AN OFFICER OR OTHER PUBLIC SERV-
ANT AUTHORIZED BY STATE LAW OR LOCAL LAW ENACTED PURSUANT TO THE
PROVISIONS OF THE MUNICIPAL HOME RULE LAW TO ISSUE THE SAME, DIRECTING A
DESIGNATED PERSON TO APPEAR AT THE PROBATION SERVICE FOR THE COUNTY IN
WHICH THE OFFENSE OR OFFENSES FOR WHICH THE SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET IS
ISSUED WERE ALLEGEDLY COMMITTED. A SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET, THE FORM
OF WHICH SHALL BE PRESCRIBED BY RULES OF THE CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR OF THE
COURTS, IS NOT AN APPEARANCE TICKET AS PROVIDED IN ARTICLE ONE HUNDRED
FIFTY AND THE PROVISIONS OF SUCH ARTICLE DO NOT APPLY TO IT.
2. WHEN AND BY WHOM ISSUED. WHENEVER AN OFFICER MAKES AN ARREST TO
WHICH THIS ARTICLE APPLIES, SUCH OFFICER MAY, SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS
OF THIS ARTICLE, ISSUE AND SERVE A SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET UPON THE
ARRESTED PERSON.
3. FILING WITH THE PROBATION SERVICE. WHENEVER AN OFFICER ISSUES A
SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE, HE OR SHE, WITHIN
TWENTY-FOUR HOURS, MUST FILE OR CAUSE TO BE FILED A COPY WITH THE
PROBATION SERVICE TO WHICH THE SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET IS RETURNABLE
AND SHALL FORWARD A COPY TO THE COMPLAINANT AND THE ARRESTED PERSON'S
PARENT.
4. FAILURE TO APPEAR AT THE PROBATION SERVICE. IF, AFTER RECEIVING A
SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET, A PERSON FAILS TO APPEAR AT THE PROBATION
SERVICE AT THE TIME SUCH SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET IS RETURNABLE, OR IF
THE COMPLAINANT WHO RECEIVED A COPY OF SUCH SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET
FAILS TO APPEAR AT SUCH TIME, THE PROBATION SERVICE MAY ATTEMPT TO
SECURE THE ATTENDANCE OF SUCH PERSON OR SUCH COMPLAINANT, AS APPROPRI-
ATE, THROUGH WRITTEN, TELEPHONIC OR ELECTRONIC NOTIFICATION. IF SUCH
NOTIFICATION IS UNSUCCESSFUL, OR IF NO EFFORTS AT NOTIFICATION ARE MADE,
THE PROBATION SERVICE, NOT LATER THAN SEVEN DAYS FOLLOWING THE TIME THE
SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET WAS RETURNABLE, MUST NOTIFY THE DISTRICT
ATTORNEY WHO MAY THEREUPON TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION, WHICH MAY INCLUDE,
IN HIS OR HER DISCRETION, THE FILING OF AN ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT WITH
THE YOUTH DIVISION OF THE SUPERIOR COURT. UPON SUCH FILING OF AN ACCUSA-
TORY INSTRUMENT, THE YOUTH DIVISION MAY ISSUE A SUMMONS OR A WARRANT OF
ARREST TO COMPEL THE ATTENDANCE OF THE PERSON WHO RECEIVED THE SPECIAL
APPEARANCE TICKET BEFORE THE COURT AND, WHERE IT DOES SO AND WHERE THE
PERSON FAILED TO APPEAR AT THE PROBATION SERVICE AT THE TIME SUCH
SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET WAS RETURNABLE, THE YOUTH DIVISION SHALL
REQUIRE THAT A REPORT BE MADE TO THE YOUTH DIVISION WITHIN THIRTY DAYS
ON THE EFFORTS MADE TO SECURE SUCH ATTENDANCE. UPON RECEIPT OF SUCH
REPORT, THE COURT SHALL NOTIFY THE PARENT OR OTHER PERSON LEGALLY
RESPONSIBLE FOR CARE OF THE PERSON CHARGED IN SUCH ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT
OR, IF SUCH LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE PERSON IS NOT AVAILABLE, A PERSON WITH
WHOM THE PERSON CHARGED IN SUCH ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT RESIDES, AND
REQUEST THAT SUCH PERSON OR OTHER LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE PERSON APPEAR
BEFORE THE COURT.
S 5. Section 160.10 of the criminal procedure law is amended by adding
a new subdivision 1-a to read as follows:
1-A. THE PROVISIONS OF PARAGRAPHS (B) THROUGH (D) OF SUBDIVISION ONE
OF THIS SECTION SHALL NOT APPLY WHERE THE ARRESTED PERSON OR DEFENDANT

S. 4489--A 5

WAS SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEARS OF AGE AT THE TIME OF THE ALLEGED
OFFENSE.
S 6. Section 160.20 of the criminal procedure law, as amended by chap-
ter 108 of the laws of 1973, is amended to read as follows:
S 160.20 Fingerprinting; forwarding of fingerprints.
1. Upon the taking of fingerprints of an arrested person or defendant
as prescribed in section 160.10, the appropriate police officer or agen-
cy must without unnecessary delay forward two copies of such finger-
prints to the division of criminal justice services.
2. (A) UPON RECEIPT OF FINGERPRINTS TAKEN PURSUANT TO SECTION 160.10
WHERE THE PERSON FROM WHOM THEY WERE TAKEN WAS SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN
YEARS OF AGE AT THE TIME OF THE ALLEGED OFFENSE OR OFFENSES, ALL OF
WHICH ARE YOUTH DIVISION OFFENSES, THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
SERVICES SHALL RETAIN SUCH FINGERPRINTS DISTINCTLY IDENTIFIABLE FROM
ADULT CRIMINAL RECORDS EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN SECTION 722.50, AND SHALL
NOT RELEASE SUCH FINGERPRINTS TO A FEDERAL DEPOSITORY OR TO ANY PERSON
EXCEPT AS AUTHORIZED BY THIS CHAPTER. THE COMMISSIONER OF THE DIVISION
OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES SHALL PROMULGATE REGULATIONS TO PROTECT THE
CONFIDENTIALITY OF SUCH FINGERPRINTS AND RELATED INFORMATION AND TO
PREVENT ACCESS THERETO, BY, AND THE DISTRIBUTION THEREOF TO, PERSONS NOT
AUTHORIZED BY LAW.
(B) UPON RECEIPT OF SUCH FINGERPRINTS, THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL
JUSTICE SERVICES SHALL CLASSIFY THEM AND SEARCH ITS RECORDS FOR INFORMA-
TION CONCERNING A PREVIOUS RECORD OF THE PERSON ARRESTED, INCLUDING ANY
FAMILY COURT ADJUDICATION OR PENDING MATTER INVOLVING SUCH PERSON
ARRESTED. THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES SHALL PROMPTLY TRAN-
SMIT TO SUCH FORWARDING OFFICER OR AGENCY A REPORT CONTAINING ANY INFOR-
MATION ON FILE WITH RESPECT TO SUCH PERSON'S PREVIOUS RECORD OR FAMILY
COURT ADJUDICATIONS AND PENDING MATTERS OR A REPORT STATING THAT THE
PERSON ARRESTED HAS NO PREVIOUS RECORD ACCORDING TO ITS FILES. NOTWITH-
STANDING THE FOREGOING, WHERE THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES
HAS NOT RECEIVED DISPOSITION INFORMATION WITHIN TWO YEARS OF AN ARREST,
IT SHALL, UNTIL SUCH INFORMATION OR UP-TO-DATE STATUS INFORMATION IS
RECEIVED, WITHHOLD THE RECORD OF THAT ARREST AND ANY RELATED ACTIVITY IN
DISSEMINATING CRIMINAL HISTORY INFORMATION.
S 7. The criminal procedure law is amended by adding a new article 722
to read as follows:
ARTICLE 722
PROCEEDINGS AGAINST SIXTEEN AND SEVENTEEN YEAR OLDS
AND CERTAIN OTHER INDIVIDUALS; ESTABLISHMENT OF YOUTH DIVISION AND
RELATED PROCEDURES
SECTION 722.00 ADJUSTMENT BY PROBATION SERVICE.
722.10 YOUTH DIVISION OF THE SUPERIOR COURT ESTABLISHED.
722.20 YOUTH DIVISION; PROCEDURES PRIOR TO A DETERMINATION OF
GUILT.
722.30 YOUTH DIVISION; SPECIAL PROCEDURES FOLLOWED IN CERTAIN
PROCEEDINGS AGAINST CERTAIN OFFENDERS; REMOVAL TO FAMI-
LY COURT.
722.40 YOUTH DIVISION; SPECIAL PROCEDURES FOLLOWING A DETERMI-
NATION OF GUILT FOR CERTAIN PERSONS WHO WERE SIXTEEN OR
SEVENTEEN YEARS OLD AT THE TIME OF OFFENSE.
722.50 YOUTH DIVISION; DISPOSITION OF RECORDS UPON TERMINATION
OF ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS.
722.60 YOUTH DIVISION; PRIVACY OF RECORDS.
S 722.00 ADJUSTMENT BY PROBATION SERVICE.

S. 4489--A 6

1. THE PROBATION SERVICE SHALL MAKE ALL REASONABLE EFFORTS TO ADJUST
ANY OFFENSE FOR WHICH A PERSON HAS BEEN ARRESTED:
(A) UPON THE APPEARANCE OF SUCH PERSON BEFORE SUCH PROBATION SERVICE
IN COMPLIANCE WITH A SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET ISSUED PURSUANT TO ARTI-
CLE ONE HUNDRED FIFTY-FIVE; OR
(B) PRIOR TO THE FILING OF AN ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT WHERE SUCH PERSON
WAS ARRESTED FOR A YOUTH DIVISION OFFENSE, AND (I) NO SPECIAL APPEARANCE
TICKET WAS ISSUED PURSUANT TO ARTICLE ONE HUNDRED FIFTY-FIVE OR (II) A
SPECIAL APPEARANCE TICKET WAS ISSUED BUT THE PERSON FAILED TO APPEAR AT
THE PROBATION SERVICE WHEN REQUIRED TO DO SO; OR
(C) AS ORDERED BY THE COURT.
NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL PREVENT THE COMPLAINANT FROM REQUESTING
THAT THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY COMMENCE A CRIMINAL ACTION AGAINST A PERSON
WHO HAS BEEN ARRESTED FOR AN OFFENSE OR OFFENSES THAT A PROBATION
SERVICE IS ATTEMPTING TO ADJUST PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION WHILE SUCH
EFFORTS TO ADJUST ARE ONGOING.
2. (A) IN PURSUIT OF SUCH ADJUSTMENT, THE PROBATION SERVICE SHALL
CONFER WITH THE ARRESTED PERSON; HIS OR HER PARENT OR PARENTS OR OTHER
PERSON OR PERSONS LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR HIS OR HER CARE; THE COMPLAIN-
ANT; AND ANY OTHER INTERESTED PERSONS. THE PROBATION SERVICE ALSO MAY
DIRECT THE ARRESTED PERSON TO COMPLY WITH CERTAIN CONDITIONS (WHICH MAY
INCLUDE RESTITUTION OR REPARATION, IF APPROPRIATE) AND PARTICIPATE IN
DESIGNATED PROGRAMS. IF, FOLLOWING SUCH EFFORTS, THE PROBATION SERVICE
DETERMINES THAT THE OFFENSE OR OFFENSES FOR WHICH SUCH PERSON HAS BEEN
ARRESTED SHOULD BE ADJUSTED, THE PROBATION SERVICE SHALL ADJUST SUCH
OFFENSE OR OFFENSES AND SHALL SO NOTIFY THE ARRESTED PERSON, HIS OR HER
PARENT OR PARENTS OR OTHER PERSON OR PERSONS LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
ARRESTED PERSON'S CARE, THE COMPLAINANT, THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY AND THE
CLERK OF THE YOUTH DIVISION. UPON ADJUSTMENT OF AN OFFENSE HEREUNDER, NO
FURTHER ACTION MAY BE TAKEN AGAINST THE ARRESTED PERSON INVOLVED IN
RELATION TO SUCH OFFENSE OR OFFENSES PURSUANT TO THIS CHAPTER.
(B) THE FACT THAT A PERSON IS DETAINED SHALL NOT PROHIBIT THE
PROBATION SERVICE FROM ADJUSTING AN OFFENSE OR OFFENSES FOR WHICH SUCH
PERSON WAS ARRESTED.
3. (A) FOLLOWING EFFORTS TO ADJUST A CRIMINAL OFFENSE OR OFFENSES
UNDER THIS SECTION, WHICH SHALL NOT TAKE LONGER THAN TWO MONTHS WITHOUT
COURT PERMISSION (OR SUCH GREATER PERIOD AS THE COURT MAY PERMIT, NOT TO
EXCEED AN ADDITIONAL TWO MONTHS), THE PROBATION SERVICE MUST:
(I) ADJUST SUCH CRIMINAL OFFENSE OR OFFENSES, IN WHICH EVENT THE
PROBATION SERVICE MUST SO NOTIFY THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY, THE YOUTH DIVI-
SION, THE COMMISSIONER OF THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES AND
EACH APPROPRIATE POLICE DEPARTMENT AND OTHER LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY
WHEREUPON THEY SHALL SEAL ALL RECORDS OF THE ARREST FOR SUCH OFFENSE OR
OFFENSES, AND DESTROY ANY PALMPRINTS OR FINGERPRINTS IN THEIR POSSESSION
OR CONTROL THAT WERE TAKEN FROM THE PERSON WHOSE OFFENSE OR OFFENSES
WERE ADJUSTED WHEN HE OR SHE WAS ARRESTED FOR SUCH OFFENSE OR OFFENSES;
OR
(II) NOTIFY THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY OF THE COUNTY IN WHICH THE PROBATION
SERVICE IS LOCATED, WITHIN FORTY-EIGHT HOURS OR THE NEXT COURT DAY,
WHICHEVER IS LATER, THAT EFFORTS TO ADJUST SUCH CRIMINAL OFFENSE OR
OFFENSES HAVE FAILED. UPON RECEIPT OF SUCH NOTIFICATION, THE DISTRICT
ATTORNEY MAY TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION, WHICH MAY INCLUDE, IN HIS OR HER
DISCRETION, THE FILING OF AN ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT WITH THE YOUTH DIVI-
SION.
(B) WHERE THE PROBATION SERVICE ADJUSTS THE OFFENSE OR OFFENSES FOR
WHICH A PERSON HAS BEEN ARRESTED PURSUANT TO SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF PARA-

S. 4489--A 7

GRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVISION, AND SUCH PERSON IS DETAINED AT THE TIME,
THE PROBATION SERVICE SHALL NOTIFY THE FACILITY IN WHICH SUCH PERSON IS
DETAINED TO RELEASE SUCH PERSON.
(C) UPON THE FAILURE OF A PERSON TO COMPLY WITH ANY CONDITION IMPOSED
BY THE PROBATION SERVICE PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION ONE OF THIS SECTION,
THE PROBATION SERVICE MAY REIMPOSE SUCH CONDITION, IMPOSE NEW CONDITIONS
OR DETERMINE THAT ALL REASONABLE EFFORTS TO ADJUST THE OFFENSE OR
OFFENSES HAVE FAILED AND PROCEED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUBPARAGRAPH (II) OF
PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVISION.
4. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, THE PROBATION SERVICE
SHALL NOT TRANSMIT OR OTHERWISE DISCLOSE TO THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY ANY
STATEMENT MADE BY AN ARRESTED PERSON TO A PROBATION OFFICER, NOR SHALL
ANY STATEMENT OF AN ARRESTED PERSON MADE TO THE PROBATION SERVICE IN THE
COURSE OF EFFORTS PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION AT ADJUSTMENT OF A CRIMINAL
OFFENSE OR OFFENSES BE ADMITTED INTO EVIDENCE IN ANY CRIMINAL ACTION OR
PROCEEDING AGAINST SUCH PERSON OR IN ANY OTHER ACTION OR PROCEEDING
AGAINST SUCH PERSON IN THE YOUTH DIVISION. HOWEVER, THE PROBATION
SERVICE MAY MAKE A RECOMMENDATION REGARDING ADJUSTMENT OF A CRIMINAL
OFFENSE OR OFFENSES TO THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY AND PROVIDE SUCH INFORMA-
TION, INCLUDING ANY REPORT MADE BY THE ARRESTING OFFICER AND RECORD OF
PREVIOUS ADJUSTMENTS AND ARRESTS AS IT SHALL DEEM RELEVANT.
5. WHERE THE PROBATION SERVICE ADJUSTS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE OR OFFENSES
UNDER THIS SECTION AFTER AN ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT CHARGING SUCH CRIMINAL
OFFENSE OR OFFENSES HAS BEEN FILED WITH OR TRANSFERRED TO THE YOUTH
DIVISION, THE YOUTH DIVISION, UPON NOTIFICATION OF SUCH ADJUSTMENT
PURSUANT TO SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF PARAGRAPH (A) OF SUBDIVISION THREE OF
THIS SECTION, MUST DISMISS SUCH ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT PURSUANT TO PARA-
GRAPH (G) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION 170.30 OR PARAGRAPH (I) OF
SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION 210.20, AS APPROPRIATE, AS IF A MOTION FOR
SUCH DISMISSAL HAD BEEN MADE BY DEFENDANT THEREUNDER.
6. FOLLOWING CONSULTATION WITH THE DIVISION OF PROBATION AND CORREC-
TIONAL ALTERNATIVES, THE NEW YORK STATE ASSOCIATION OF COUNTIES, THE
COUNCIL OF PROBATION ADMINISTRATORS, THE NEW YORK STATE DISTRICT ATTOR-
NEYS' ASSOCIATION AND THE STATE DEFENDERS' ASSOCIATION, THE CHIEF ADMIN-
ISTRATOR OF THE COURTS SHALL PROMULGATE PROCEDURES TO BE FOLLOWED BY A
PROBATION SERVICE IN DISCHARGE OF ITS RESPONSIBILITIES PURSUANT TO THIS
SECTION. SUCH RULES ALSO SHALL PRESCRIBE STANDARDS TO BE FOLLOWED IN
DETERMINING WHETHER A CRIMINAL OFFENSE OR OFFENSES MAY BE ADJUSTED
PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION.
S 722.10 YOUTH DIVISION OF THE SUPERIOR COURT ESTABLISHED.
THE CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR OF THE COURTS IS HEREBY DIRECTED TO ESTABLISH,
IN A SUPERIOR COURT IN EACH COUNTY OF THE STATE THAT EXERCISES CRIMINAL
JURISDICTION, A PART OF COURT TO BE KNOWN AS THE YOUTH DIVISION OF THE
SUPERIOR COURT FOR THE COUNTY IN WHICH SUCH COURT PRESIDES. JUDGES
PRESIDING IN THE YOUTH DIVISION SHALL RECEIVE TRAINING IN SPECIALIZED
AREAS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, JUVENILE JUSTICE, ADOLESCENT
DEVELOPMENT AND EFFECTIVE TREATMENT METHODS FOR REDUCING CRIME COMMIS-
SION BY ADOLESCENTS. WHERE THE PROVISIONS OF THE FAMILY COURT ACT ARE
INCLUDED OR INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN THIS ARTICLE, THE YOUTH DIVI-
SION MAY CONSIDER JUDICIAL INTERPRETATIONS OF SUCH PROVISIONS TO THE
EXTENT THAT THEY MAY ASSIST THE YOUTH DIVISION IN INTERPRETING THE
PROVISIONS OF THIS CHAPTER. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBDIVISION
THREE OF SECTION 722.20, THE YOUTH DIVISION SHALL HAVE:
1. EXCLUSIVE PRELIMINARY AND TRIAL JURISDICTION OF ALL YOUTH DIVISION
OFFENSES INCLUDED IN AN ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT;

S. 4489--A 8

2. PRELIMINARY AND TRIAL JURISDICTION, CONCURRENT WITH LOCAL CRIMINAL
COURTS, OF ALL OFFENSES INCLUDED IN AN ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT THAT CHARG-
ES A PERSON WITH ONE OR MORE CRIMES AT LEAST ONE OF WHICH IS NOT A YOUTH
DIVISION OFFENSE, WHERE SUCH PERSON WAS AT LEAST SIXTEEN YEARS OLD AND
LESS THAN EIGHTEEN YEARS OLD AT THE TIME HE OR SHE IS ALLEGED TO HAVE
COMMITTED THE OFFENSES CHARGED; AND
3. JURISDICTION OVER ALL PROCEEDINGS IN RELATION TO JUVENILE OFFENDERS
REQUIRED BY THIS CHAPTER TO BE CONDUCTED IN SUPERIOR COURT.
S 722.20 YOUTH DIVISION; PROCEDURES PRIOR TO A DETERMINATION OF GUILT.
1. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS ARTICLE, THE PROVISIONS OF
THIS CHAPTER SHALL APPLY IN EACH ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN THE YOUTH DIVI-
SION OF SUPERIOR COURT. SOLELY FOR PURPOSES HEREOF, A PROCEEDING IN THE
YOUTH DIVISION SHALL BE DEEMED A CRIMINAL PROCEEDING, THE PERSON SUBJECT
TO SUCH PROCEEDING SHALL BE DEEMED A DEFENDANT AND THE CHARGES AGAINST
SUCH PERSON SHALL BE DEEMED CRIMINAL CHARGES; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT IF
SPECIFIC OFFENSES CHARGED AGAINST A DEFENDANT DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION
ONE OF SECTION 722.40 RESULT IN A PLEA OF GUILTY OR SUCH A DEFENDANT IS
OTHERWISE FOUND GUILTY THEREOF, NO CONVICTION THEREOF SHALL BE ENTERED.
2. NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE H OF THIS CHAPTER, WHERE A
DEFENDANT WAS AT LEAST SIXTEEN YEARS OLD AND LESS THAN EIGHTEEN YEARS
OLD AT THE TIME HE OR SHE IS ALLEGED TO HAVE COMMITTED THE OFFENSES
CHARGED IN AN ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT, ALL REFERENCES TO A LOCAL CRIMINAL
COURT IN SUCH TITLE SHALL BE DEEMED REFERENCES TO THE YOUTH DIVISION.
FOR THE PURPOSE OF EXERCISING PRELIMINARY JURISDICTION OVER AN ACTION OR
PROCEEDING PURSUANT TO SUCH TITLE, THE YOUTH DIVISION SHALL HAVE ALL THE
POWERS OF A LOCAL CRIMINAL COURT THEREUNDER.
3. WHERE THE YOUTH DIVISION IS NOT IN SESSION AND UNABLE TO ARRAIGN A
DEFENDANT, SUCH DEFENDANT MAY BE ARRAIGNED BEFORE ANY LOCAL CRIMINAL
COURT IN WHICH HE OR SHE COULD BE ARRAIGNED WERE HE OR SHE AT LEAST
EIGHTEEN YEARS OF AGE AT THE TIME HE OR SHE IS ALLEGED TO HAVE COMMITTED
THE OFFENSE OR OFFENSES CHARGED IN AN ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT; PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, IN SUCH EVENT AND UNLESS THE LOCAL CRIMINAL COURT INTENDS TO
DISMISS THE ACTION IMMEDIATELY THEREAFTER, SUCH LOCAL CRIMINAL COURT
MUST TRANSFER THE MATTER FORTHWITH TO THE YOUTH DIVISION AND SHALL MAKE
THE MATTER RETURNABLE IN THE YOUTH DIVISION ON THE NEXT DAY THE YOUTH
DIVISION IS IN SESSION AFTER ARRAIGNMENT IN THE LOCAL CRIMINAL COURT.
4. (A) UPON ANY OCCASION WHEN THE YOUTH DIVISION (OR A LOCAL CRIMINAL
COURT AS PROVIDED HEREUNDER WHEN THE YOUTH DIVISION IS NOT IN SESSION)
IS REQUIRED TO ISSUE A SECURING ORDER WITH RESPECT TO A PRINCIPAL WHO
WAS SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEARS OLD AT THE TIME OF HIS OR HER ALLEGED
OFFENSE OR OFFENSES, AND SUCH OFFENSE OR OFFENSES ARE EXCLUSIVELY YOUTH
DIVISION OFFENSES, THE COURT MAY NOT COMMIT SUCH PRINCIPAL TO CUSTODY
UNLESS AVAILABLE LESS RESTRICTIVE ALTERNATIVES THERETO, INCLUDING CONDI-
TIONAL RELEASE, WOULD NOT BE APPROPRIATE.
(B) ONCE A PRINCIPAL DESCRIBED IN PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVISION IS
COMMITTED TO CUSTODY, THE COURT SHALL MAKE THE FOLLOWING FINDINGS, WHICH
SHALL BE INCLUDED IN A WRITTEN ORDER, AS REQUIRED BY FEDERAL LAW:
(I) WHETHER THE CONTINUATION OF THE PRINCIPAL OUTSIDE OF CUSTODY WOULD
BE CONTRARY TO HIS OR HER BEST INTERESTS BASED UPON, AND LIMITED TO, THE
FACTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES AVAILABLE TO THE COURT AT THE TIME OF THE
ARRAIGNMENT; AND
(II) WHERE APPROPRIATE AND CONSISTENT WITH THE NEED FOR PROTECTION OF
THE COMMUNITY, WHETHER REASONABLE EFFORTS WERE MADE PRIOR TO THE DATE ON
WHICH THE PRINCIPAL WAS COMMITTED TO CUSTODY THAT RESULTED IN THE SECUR-
ING ORDER TO PREVENT OR ELIMINATE THE NEED FOR COMMITTING THE PRINCIPAL
TO CUSTODY OR, IF THE PRINCIPAL HAD BEEN COMMITTED TO CUSTODY PRIOR TO

S. 4489--A 9

ARRAIGNMENT, WHERE APPROPRIATE AND CONSISTENT WITH THE NEED FOR
PROTECTION OF THE COMMUNITY, WHETHER REASONABLE EFFORTS WERE MADE TO
MAKE IT POSSIBLE FOR THE PRINCIPAL TO BE RELEASED FROM CUSTODY.
S 722.30 YOUTH DIVISION; SPECIAL PROCEDURES FOLLOWED IN CERTAIN
PROCEEDINGS AGAINST CERTAIN OFFENDERS; REMOVAL TO FAMILY
COURT.
1. UPON MOTION OF THE DEFENDANT MADE AFTER FILING OF AN ACCUSATORY
INSTRUMENT AND PRIOR TO A JUDGMENT OF CONVICTION, THE YOUTH DIVISION OF
THE SUPERIOR COURT MAY DIRECT THAT ALL PROCEEDINGS AGAINST SUCH DEFEND-
ANT IN SUCH YOUTH DIVISION FOLLOWING A PLEA OF GUILTY OR OTHER DETERMI-
NATION OF GUILT, WHETHER OR NOT SUCH PLEA OR OTHER DETERMINATION SHALL
HAVE OCCURRED AT THE TIME OF SUCH MOTION, SHALL BE CONDUCTED IN ACCORD-
ANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 722.40 IN ANY CASE WHERE SUCH
DEFENDANT:
(A) IS A JUVENILE OFFENDER AND THE CASE HAS NOT BEEN REMOVED TO FAMILY
COURT PURSUANT TO THIS CHAPTER; OR
(B) WAS AT LEAST SIXTEEN YEARS OLD AND LESS THAN EIGHTEEN YEARS OLD AT
THE TIME HE OR SHE IS ALLEGED TO HAVE COMMITTED AN OFFENSE OR OFFENSES
CHARGED IN THE ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT AT LEAST ONE OF WHICH IS A VIOLENT
FELONY OFFENSE AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION 70.02 OF THE
PENAL LAW OR AN OFFENSE LISTED IN PARAGRAPH TWO OF SUBDIVISION EIGHTEEN
OF SECTION 10.00 OF SUCH LAW.
2. IN DETERMINING A MOTION PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION ONE OF THIS
SECTION, THE YOUTH DIVISION MUST CONSIDER THE FACTORS SET FORTH IN
SUBDIVISION FOUR OF THIS SECTION AND MAY NOT GRANT SUCH A MOTION UNLESS
IT DETERMINES THAT TO DO SO WOULD BE IN THE INTERESTS OF JUSTICE;
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THE YOUTH DIVISION MAY NOT GRANT SUCH A MOTION
UNLESS:
(A) THE YOUTH DIVISION FINDS SPECIFIC FACTORS, ONE OR MORE OF WHICH
REASONABLY SUPPORT SUCH MOTION, SHOWING: (I) MITIGATING CIRCUMSTANCES
THAT BEAR DIRECTLY UPON THE MANNER IN WHICH THE CRIME WAS COMMITTED;
(II) WHERE THE DEFENDANT WAS NOT THE SOLE PARTICIPANT IN THE CRIME, THE
DEFENDANT'S PARTICIPATION WAS RELATIVELY MINOR ALTHOUGH NOT SO MINOR AS
TO CONSTITUTE A DEFENSE TO THE PROSECUTION; OR (III) POSSIBLE DEFICIEN-
CIES IN THE PROOF OF THE CRIME;
(B) AFTER CONSIDERATION OF THE FACTORS SET FORTH IN SUBDIVISION FOUR
OF THIS SECTION, THE YOUTH DIVISION DETERMINES THAT FURTHER PROCEEDINGS
IN RELATION TO THE DEFENDANT CONDUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS
OF SECTION 722.40 WOULD BE IN THE INTERESTS OF JUSTICE; AND
(C) THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY CONSENTS THERETO.
3. (A) UPON MOTION OF THE DEFENDANT MADE AFTER FILING OF AN ACCUSATORY
INSTRUMENT AND PRIOR TO A JUDGEMENT OF CONVICTION, THE YOUTH DIVISION,
AFTER CONSIDERATION OF THE RELEVANT FACTORS SET FORTH IN SUBDIVISION
FOUR OF THIS SECTION AND IF THE YOUTH DIVISION DETERMINES THAT TO DO SO
WOULD BE IN THE INTEREST OF JUSTICE, MAY DIRECT THAT THE ACTION AGAINST
THE DEFENDANT BE REMOVED TO FAMILY COURT IN ANY CASE WHERE THE DEFENDANT
IS CHARGED IN THE YOUTH DIVISION EXCLUSIVELY WITH ONE OR MORE YOUTH
DIVISION OFFENSES AND:
(I) THE DEFENDANT IS A PARTY TO OR IS OTHERWISE A SUBJECT OF PENDING
PROCEEDINGS IN THE FAMILY COURT UNDER ARTICLE THREE, SEVEN, EIGHT, TEN,
TEN-A, TEN-B OR TEN-C OF THE FAMILY COURT ACT; OR
(II) THE COURT DETERMINES THAT THE DEFENDANT IS A SEXUALLY EXPLOITED
CHILD UNDER THE AGE OF EIGHTEEN AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION
FOUR HUNDRED FORTY-SEVEN-A OF THE SOCIAL SERVICES LAW.
(B) WHERE THE YOUTH DIVISION DIRECTS REMOVAL OF AN ACTION TO FAMILY
COURT PURSUANT TO SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVISION,

S. 4489--A 10

THE PROVISIONS OF SUBDIVISIONS SIX THROUGH NINE OF SECTION 725.05 AND
SECTIONS 725.10 AND 725.15 OF THIS TITLE SHALL APPLY TO SUCH REMOVAL
PROVIDED THAT:
(I) FOR PURPOSES OF SUBDIVISION SIX OF SECTION 725.05, "THE JUVENILE"
SHALL REFER TO THE DEFENDANT IN THE ACTION BEING REMOVED; AND
(II) NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLE THREE OF THE FAMILY
COURT ACT, UPON SUCH REMOVAL, THE FAMILY COURT SHALL HAVE AND SHALL
EXERCISE JURISDICTION OVER THE DEFENDANT IN THE PROCEEDING REQUIRED TO
BE ORIGINATED IN SUCH COURT PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION
725.10 AS IF THE DEFENDANT WERE OVER SEVEN AND LESS THAN SIXTEEN YEARS
OF AGE.
4. IN MAKING ITS DETERMINATION PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION ONE OR THREE OF
THIS SECTION, THE YOUTH DIVISION SHALL, TO THE EXTENT APPLICABLE, EXAM-
INE INDIVIDUALLY AND COLLECTIVELY, THE FOLLOWING:
(A) THE SERIOUSNESS AND CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE OFFENSE;
(B) THE EXTENT OF HARM CAUSED BY THE OFFENSE;
(C) THE EVIDENCE OF GUILT, WHETHER ADMISSIBLE OR INADMISSIBLE AT
TRIAL;
(D) THE HISTORY, CHARACTER AND CONDITION OF THE DEFENDANT, INCLUDING
HIS OR HER DEVELOPMENTAL AND COGNITIVE LEVELS;
(E) THE PURPOSE AND EFFECT OF IMPOSING UPON THE DEFENDANT A SENTENCE
AUTHORIZED FOR THE OFFENSE;
(F) THE IMPACT THAT PROCEEDING IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF
SECTION 722.40 MAY HAVE ON THE SAFETY OR WELFARE OF THE COMMUNITY AND
THE DEFENDANT'S NEEDS AND BEST INTERESTS;
(G) THE IMPACT THAT PROCEEDING IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF
SECTION 722.40 WOULD HAVE UPON THE CONFIDENCE OF THE PUBLIC IN THE CRIM-
INAL JUSTICE SYSTEM;
(H) WHERE THE COURT DEEMS IT APPROPRIATE, THE CONCERNS OF THE
COMPLAINANT OR VICTIM WITH RESPECT TO THE MOTION; AND
(I) ANY OTHER RELEVANT FACT INDICATING THAT A JUDGMENT OF CONVICTION
IN A CRIMINAL COURT WOULD SERVE NO USEFUL PURPOSE.
5. THE PROVISIONS OF SUBDIVISIONS ONE AND TWO OF SECTION 210.45,
GOVERNING PROCEDURE ON A MOTION TO DISMISS AN INDICTMENT, SHALL APPLY TO
PROCEDURE UPON A MOTION PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION ONE OR THREE OF THIS
SECTION. AFTER ALL PAPERS OF BOTH PARTIES HAVE BEEN FILED AND AFTER ALL
DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE, IF ANY, HAS BEEN SUBMITTED, THE YOUTH DIVISION
MUST CONSIDER THE SAME FOR THE PURPOSE OF DETERMINING WHETHER THE MOTION
IS DETERMINABLE ON THE MOTION PAPERS SUBMITTED AND, IF NOT, MAY MAKE
SUCH INQUIRY AS IT DEEMS NECESSARY FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING A DETERMI-
NATION.
6. FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING A DETERMINATION PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION,
ANY EVIDENCE WHICH IS NOT LEGALLY PRIVILEGED MAY BE INTRODUCED. IF THE
DEFENDANT TESTIFIES, HIS OR HER TESTIMONY MAY NOT BE INTRODUCED AGAINST
HIM OR HER IN ANY FUTURE PROCEEDING, EXCEPT TO IMPEACH HIS OR HER TESTI-
MONY AT SUCH FUTURE PROCEEDING AS INCONSISTENT PRIOR TESTIMONY.
7. (A) IF THE YOUTH DIVISION ORDERS THE PROCEEDINGS TO CONTINUE UNDER
THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 722.40, IT SHALL STATE ON THE RECORD, IN
DETAIL AND NOT IN CONCLUSORY TERMS, THE FACTOR OR FACTORS UPON WHICH ITS
DETERMINATION IS BASED.
(B) THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY SHALL STATE UPON THE RECORD, IN DETAIL AND
NOT IN CONCLUSORY TERMS, THE REASONS FOR HIS OR HER CONSENT TO HAVE THE
PROCEEDINGS CONTINUE UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 722.40.
S 722.40 YOUTH DIVISION; SPECIAL PROCEDURES FOLLOWING A DETERMINATION OF
GUILT FOR CERTAIN PERSONS WHO WERE SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEARS
OLD AT THE TIME OF OFFENSE.

S. 4489--A 11

1. IF A DEFENDANT WHO IS CHARGED IN THE YOUTH DIVISION OF A SUPERIOR
COURT WITH ONE OR MORE YOUTH DIVISION OFFENSES (OR WHO IS ENTITLED TO
PROCEED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION UPON GRANT OF A MOTION MADE PURSUANT TO
SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION 722.30) PLEADS GUILTY TO SUCH OFFENSE OR
OFFENSES OR IS OTHERWISE FOUND GUILTY THEREOF, THE COURT SHALL SCHEDULE
A DISPOSITIONAL HEARING PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION. A DEFENDANT WHO
PLEADS GUILTY TO OR IS OTHERWISE FOUND GUILTY OF A CRIME THAT IS NOT A
YOUTH DIVISION OFFENSE SHALL NOT BE DEEMED "A DEFENDANT WHO IS CHARGED
IN THE YOUTH DIVISION OF A SUPERIOR COURT WITH ONE OR MORE YOUTH DIVI-
SION OFFENSES" FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SUBDIVISION NOTWITHSTANDING THAT, IN
THE SAME ACTION OR PROCEEDING, HE OR SHE PLEADS GUILTY TO OR IS OTHER-
WISE FOUND GUILTY OF ONE OR MORE OTHER OFFENSES THAT ARE YOUTH DIVISION
OFFENSES.
2. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, A "DISPOSITIONAL HEARING" MEANS A
HEARING TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE DEFENDANT REQUIRES SUPERVISION, TREAT-
MENT OR CONFINEMENT. WHERE THE YOUTH DIVISION ORDERS A DISPOSITIONAL
HEARING PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, ALL FURTHER PROCEEDINGS IN RELATION TO
THE DEFENDANT SHALL BE CONDUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF
PARTS FIVE AND SIX OF ARTICLE THREE OF THE FAMILY COURT ACT, PROVIDED
THAT REFERENCES THEREIN:
(A) TO A "RESPONDENT" OR TO A "CHILD" SHALL MEAN TO THE DEFENDANT IN
PROCEEDINGS IN THE YOUTH DIVISION, AND TO A "PRESENTMENT AGENCY" SHALL
MEAN TO THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY;
(B) TO A "DELINQUENCY PROCEEDING" OR TO A "DELINQUENCY CASE" SHALL
MEAN TO AN ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN A YOUTH DIVISION, AND TO A "FINDING
OF DELINQUENCY" SHALL MEAN TO A DETERMINATION OF GUILT;
(C) TO "SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION 345.1" SHALL MEAN SUBDIVISION ONE
OF THIS SECTION;
(D) TO "AN ORDER PURSUANT TO SECTION 315.3" SHALL MEAN TO AN ADJOURN-
MENT IN CONTEMPLATION OF DISMISSAL; AND
(E) TO "THIS ARTICLE" SHALL MEAN TO ARTICLE SEVEN HUNDRED TWENTY-TWO
OF THIS CHAPTER.
NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, WHERE THE YOUTH DIVISION ORDERS PLACEMENT
OF THE DEFENDANT, SUCH PLACEMENT SHALL BE IN THE CUSTODY OF THE LOCAL OR
STATE CORRECTIONAL FACILITY TO WHICH DEFENDANT WOULD HAVE BEEN COMMITTED
WERE HE OR SHE TO HAVE BEEN AGE EIGHTEEN OR OLDER AT THE TIME HE OR SHE
COMMITTED THE OFFENSE OR OFFENSES OF WHICH HE OR SHE WAS FOUND GUILTY
AND SENTENCED TO INCARCERATION THEREFOR.
3. PROVIDED FURTHER THAT, FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SUBDIVISION, REFERENCES
CONTAINED IN SUBDIVISION SIX OF SECTION 355.3 OF THE FAMILY COURT ACT TO
A "RESPONDENT'S EIGHTEENTH BIRTHDAY" AND TO "THE CHILD'S TWENTY-FIRST
BIRTHDAY" SHALL MEAN TO A "DEFENDANT'S TWENTIETH BIRTHDAY" AND TO "THE
DEFENDANT'S TWENTY-THIRD BIRTHDAY", RESPECTIVELY.
S 722.50 YOUTH DIVISION; DISPOSITION OF RECORDS UPON TERMINATION OF
ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS.
1. WHERE, IN AN ACTION OR PROCEEDING PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE AGAINST
A DEFENDANT WHO WAS CHARGED IN THE YOUTH DIVISION OF A SUPERIOR COURT
EXCLUSIVELY WITH ONE OR MORE YOUTH DIVISION OFFENSES (OR WHO WAS ENTI-
TLED TO PROCEED PURSUANT TO SECTION 722.40 UPON GRANT OF A MOTION MADE
PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION 722.30), THE DEFENDANT PLEADS
GUILTY TO THE OFFENSE OR OFFENSES WITH WHICH HE OR SHE WAS CHARGED OR IS
OTHERWISE DETERMINED TO BE GUILTY THEREOF, THE PROVISIONS OF SECTIONS
375.2, 380.1, 381.2 AND 381.3 OF THE FAMILY COURT ACT SHALL APPLY TO
DISPOSITION OF THE RECORDS OF SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING. FOR PURPOSES OF
THIS SECTION, REFERENCES IN SUCH SECTIONS OF THE FAMILY COURT ACT:

S. 4489--A 12

(A) TO A "RESPONDENT" OR TO A "CHILD" SHALL MEAN TO THE DEFENDANT IN
PROCEEDINGS IN THE YOUTH DIVISION;
(B) TO A "DELINQUENCY PROCEEDING" SHALL MEAN TO AN ACTION OR PROCEED-
ING IN A YOUTH DIVISION;
(C) TO A "PRESENTMENT AGENCY" OR THE "DIRECTOR OF THE APPROPRIATE
PRESENTMENT AGENCY" SHALL MEAN TO THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY;
(D) TO A "FINDING OF DELINQUENCY PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION ONE OF
SECTION 352.1" OR TO A "FINDING OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY" SHALL MEAN TO A
PLEA OF GUILTY TO THE OFFENSE OR OFFENSES WITH WHICH A DEFENDANT IS
CHARGED OR A VERDICT OF GUILTY THERETO AND TO "PERSON ADJUDICATED A
JUVENILE DELINQUENT" SHALL MEAN TO A DEFENDANT WHO HAS MADE SUCH A PLEA
OR BEEN SUBJECT TO SUCH A VERDICT;
(E) TO "RESPONDENT'S SIXTEENTH BIRTHDAY" SHALL MEAN TO THE DEFENDANT'S
EIGHTEENTH BIRTHDAY;
(F) TO "THIS ARTICLE" SHALL MEAN TO ARTICLE SEVEN HUNDRED TWENTY-TWO
OF THIS CHAPTER;
(G) TO "FAMILY COURT" OR "COURT" SHALL MEAN TO THE YOUTH DIVISION.
2. NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF SUBDIVISION THREE OF SECTION
160.50, TERMINATION OF AN ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN THE YOUTH DIVISION
OTHER THAN BY A DEFENDANT'S PLEA OF GUILTY TO THE OFFENSE OR OFFENSES
WITH WHICH HE OR SHE WAS CHARGED OR BY A VERDICT OF GUILTY THERETO,
WHERE THE DEFENDANT WAS CHARGED WITH ONE OR MORE YOUTH DIVISION OFFENSES
(OR WHERE THE DEFENDANT WAS ENTITLED TO PROCEED PURSUANT TO SECTION
722.40 UPON GRANT OF A MOTION MADE PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION ONE OF
SECTION 722.30), SHALL BE DEEMED A "TERMINATION OF A CRIMINAL ACTION OR
PROCEEDING AGAINST A PERSON IN FAVOR OF SUCH PERSON" FOR PURPOSES OF
SUCH SECTION 160.50.
3. WHERE FINGERPRINTS, PALMPRINTS OR PHOTOGRAPHS WERE TAKEN PURSUANT
TO SECTION 160.10 AND THE ACTION WAS SUBSEQUENTLY ADJUDICATED IN ACCORD-
ANCE WITH SECTION 722.40, THE CLERK OF THE YOUTH DIVISION SHALL FORWARD
OR CAUSE TO BE FORWARDED TO THE COMMISSIONER OF THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL
JUSTICE SERVICES NOTIFICATION OF SUCH ADJUDICATION AND SUCH RELATED
INFORMATION AS MAY BE REQUIRED BY SUCH COMMISSIONER. IF A DEFENDANT HAS
PLEADED GUILTY OR OTHERWISE BEEN DETERMINED TO HAVE BEEN GUILTY OF
OFFENSES OTHER THAN A FELONY, ALL SUCH FINGERPRINTS, PALMPRINTS, PHOTO-
GRAPHS, AND COPIES THEREOF, AND ALL INFORMATION RELATING TO SUCH ALLEGA-
TIONS OBTAINED BY THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES PURSUANT TO
SECTION 160.10 SHALL BE DESTROYED FORTHWITH. IF A DEFENDANT HAS PLEADED
GUILTY OR OTHERWISE BEEN DETERMINED TO HAVE BEEN GUILTY OF A FELONY, ALL
FINGERPRINTS AND RELATED INFORMATION OBTAINED BY THE DIVISION OF CRIMI-
NAL JUSTICE SERVICES PURSUANT TO SUCH SECTION SHALL BECOME PART OF SUCH
DIVISION'S PERMANENT ADULT CRIMINAL RECORD FOR THAT PERSON; PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, THAT WHEN SUCH PERSON REACHES THE AGE OF TWENTY-ONE, OR HAS
BEEN DISCHARGED FROM ANY PLACEMENT IMPOSED UNDER THIS ARTICLE, WHICHEVER
OCCURS LATER, AND HAS NO CRIMINAL CONVICTIONS OR PENDING CRIMINAL
ACTIONS WHICH ULTIMATELY TERMINATE IN A CRIMINAL CONVICTION, ALL FINGER-
PRINTS, PALMPRINTS, PHOTOGRAPHS, AND RELATED INFORMATION AND COPIES
THEREOF OBTAINED PURSUANT TO SECTION 160.10 IN THE POSSESSION OF THE
DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES, ANY POLICE DEPARTMENT, LAW
ENFORCEMENT AGENCY OR ANY OTHER AGENCY SHALL BE DESTROYED FORTHWITH.
THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES SHALL NOTIFY THE AGENCY OR
AGENCIES WHICH FORWARDED FINGERPRINTS TO SUCH DIVISION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 160.10 OF THEIR OBLIGATION TO DESTROY THOSE RECORDS IN THEIR
POSSESSION.
S 722.60 YOUTH DIVISION; PRIVACY OF RECORDS.

S. 4489--A 13

THE RECORDS OF ANY PROCEEDING IN THE YOUTH DIVISION OF A SUPERIOR
COURT AGAINST A DEFENDANT WHO IS CHARGED IN SUCH COURT WITH ONE OR MORE
YOUTH DIVISION OFFENSES, UNLESS PERMITTED TO PROCEED IN ACCORDANCE WITH
SECTION 722.40 UPON A DETERMINATION MADE PURSUANT TO SECTION 722.30,
SHALL NOT BE OPEN TO INDISCRIMINATE PUBLIC INSPECTION. HOWEVER, THE
YOUTH DIVISION IN ITS DISCRETION IN ANY SUCH CASE MAY PERMIT THE
INSPECTION OF ANY PAPERS OR RECORDS. ANY DULY AUTHORIZED AGENCY, ASSOCI-
ATION, SOCIETY OR INSTITUTION TO WHICH A DEFENDANT IN SUCH A CASE IS
COMMITTED MAY CAUSE AN INSPECTION OF THE RECORD OF INVESTIGATION TO BE
HAD AND MAY IN THE DISCRETION OF THE COURT OBTAIN A COPY OF THE WHOLE OR
PART OF SUCH RECORD.
S 8. Section 725.00 of the criminal procedure law, as amended by chap-
ter 411 of the laws of 1979, is amended to read as follows:
S 725.00 Applicability.
The provisions of this article apply in any case where a court directs
that an action or charge is to be removed to the family court under
section 180.75, 190.71, 210.43, 220.10, 310.85 [or], 330.25 OR 722.30 of
this chapter.
S 9. Subdivision 1 of section 243 of the executive law, as amended by
section 17 of part A of chapter 56 of the laws of 2010, is amended to
read as follows:
1. The office shall exercise general supervision over the adminis-
tration of probation services throughout the state, including probation
in family courts AND IN THE YOUTH DIVISIONS OF SUPERIOR COURT and shall
collect statistical and other information and make recommendations
regarding the administration of probation services in the courts. The
office shall endeavor to secure the effective application of the
probation system and the enforcement of the probation laws and the laws
relating to family courts AND THE YOUTH DIVISIONS OF SUPERIOR COURT
throughout the state. After consultation with the state probation
commission, the office shall recommend to the commissioner general rules
which shall regulate methods and procedure in the administration of
probation services, including investigation of defendants prior to
sentence, and children prior to adjudication, supervision, case work,
record keeping, and accounting, program planning and research so as to
secure the most effective application of the probation system and the
most efficient enforcement of the probation laws throughout the state.
Such rules shall provide that the probation investigations ordered by
the court in designated felony act cases under subdivision one of
section 351.1 of the family court act shall have priority over other
cases arising under articles three and seven of such act. When duly
adopted by the commissioner, such rules shall be binding upon all
probation officers and when duly adopted shall have the force and effect
of law, but shall not supersede rules that may be adopted pursuant to
the family court act. The office shall keep informed as to the work of
all probation officers and shall from time to time inquire into and
report upon their conduct and efficiency. The office may investigate the
work of any probation bureau or probation officer and shall have access
to all records and probation offices. The office may issue subpoenas to
compel the attendance of witnesses or the production of books and
papers. The office may administer oaths and examine persons under oath.
The office may recommend to the appropriate authorities the removal of
any probation officer. The office may from time to time publish reports
regarding probation including probation in family courts AND IN THE
YOUTH DIVISIONS OF SUPERIOR COURT, and the operation of the probation
system including probation in family courts AND IN THE YOUTH DIVISIONS

S. 4489--A 14

OF SUPERIOR COURT, and any other information regarding probation as the
office may determine provided expenditures for such purpose are within
amounts appropriated therefor.
S 10. Subdivision 2 of section 212 of the judiciary law is amended by
adding a new paragraph (s) to read as follows:
(S) ADOPT RULES ESTABLISHING A TRAINING PROGRAM IN SPECIALIZED AREAS
INVOLVING YOUTH INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, JUVENILE JUSTICE, ADOLES-
CENT DEVELOPMENT AND EFFECTIVE TREATMENT METHODS FOR REDUCING CRIME
COMMITTED BY ADOLESCENTS; AND PROVIDING THAT, AS REQUIRED BY SECTION
722.10 OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW, EACH JUDGE OR JUSTICE WHO PRESIDES
IN THE YOUTH DIVISION OF A SUPERIOR COURT RECEIVE SUCH TRAINING.
S 11. The judiciary law is amended by adding a new article 21-C to
read as follows:
ARTICLE 21-C
JUVENILE PROBATION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM
SECTION 849-L. ESTABLISHMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF PROGRAM.
849-M. APPLICATION PROCEDURES.
849-N. PAYMENT PROCEDURES; AUDITS.
849-O. ANNUAL REPORT.
S 849-L. ESTABLISHMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF PROGRAM. 1. THERE IS
HEREBY ESTABLISHED A JUVENILE PROBATION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM, HEREINAFTER
REFERRED TO IN THIS ARTICLE AS THE "PROGRAM", TO BE ADMINISTERED AND
SUPERVISED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR OF THE COURTS,
TO PROVIDE FUNDS PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE TO SUPPORT PROBATION SERVICES
PROVIDED BY POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS TO YOUTHS UNDER THE AGE OF EIGHTEEN.
THE CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR SHALL PROMULGATE RULES AND REGULATIONS TO EFFEC-
TUATE THE PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, INCLUDING PROVISIONS FOR PERIODIC
MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF THE PROGRAM. EACH POLITICAL SUBDIVISION
RECEIVING FUNDS PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE SHALL COMPLY WITH ALL SUCH
RULES AND REGULATIONS AND WITH ALL PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE.
2. FUNDS TO BE PROVIDED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION MAY BE USED FOR ANY
PURPOSE RELATING TO THE DELIVERY OF PROBATION SERVICES IN THE COURTS OF
A POLITICAL SUBDIVISION FOR YOUTHS UNDER THE AGE OF EIGHTEEN, INCLUDING
THE OPERATIONAL COSTS OF LOCAL PROBATION DEPARTMENTS AND ENHANCED LOCAL
VOCATIONAL, EDUCATIONAL AND THERAPEUTIC SERVICES IN AID OF THE
PROBATION. FUNDS MAY NOT BE USED AS A MEANS OF REDUCING FUNDING ALREADY
PROVIDED BY A POLITICAL SUBDIVISION FOR THESE PURPOSES.
S 849-M. APPLICATION PROCEDURES. 1. THE CITY OF NEW YORK AND EACH
COUNTY OUTSIDE SUCH CITY MAY MAKE AN INDIVIDUAL APPLICATION FOR FUNDS
AVAILABLE PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE, OR TWO OR MORE SUCH POLITICAL SUBDI-
VISIONS MAY MAKE A JOINT APPLICATION FOR SUCH FUNDS. ALL APPLICATIONS
SHALL BE SUBMITTED TO THE CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR FOR HIS OR HER APPROVAL.
2. THE CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR SHALL REQUIRE THAT APPLICATIONS SUBMITTED
FOR FUNDING PROVIDE SUCH INFORMATION AS HE OR SHE DEEMS NECESSARY,
INCLUDING AT LEAST THE AMOUNT OF FUNDING SOUGHT AND A DETAILED
DESCRIPTION OF THE PURPOSE OR PURPOSES TO WHICH THE FUNDING WILL BE
APPLIED.
3. IN DETERMINING WHETHER TO APPROVE AN APPLICATION, THE CHIEF ADMIN-
ISTRATOR SHALL CONSIDER:
(A) WHETHER THE APPLICANT HAS COMPLIED WITH ALL RULES AND REGULATIONS
GOVERNING THE PROGRAM AND ALL PERTINENT PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE;
(B) THE LIKELY IMPACT OF APPROVING SUCH APPLICATION UPON THE DELIVERY
OF PROBATION SERVICES IN THE COURT OR COURTS OF THE POLITICAL SUBDIVI-
SION OR SUBDIVISIONS MAKING SUCH APPLICATION, UPON THE COMMUNITIES
SERVED, AND UPON THE JUDICIARY GENERALLY;

S. 4489--A 15

(C) THE AVAILABILITY OF OTHER SOURCES OF FUNDING TO PAY SOME OR ALL OF
THE COSTS FOR WHICH THE APPLICATION SEEKS FUNDING UNDER THE PROGRAM;
(D) THE NUMBER AND CONTENT OF ALL OTHER APPLICATIONS FOR FUNDING THEN
AVAILABLE UNDER THE PROGRAM;
(E) THE EXTENT OF FUNDING ALREADY RECEIVED UNDER THE PROGRAM BY THE
APPLICANT (OR JOINT APPLICANTS) PURSUANT TO PAST APPLICATIONS; AND
(F) THE MAGNITUDE OF THE FUNDING APPROPRIATED FOR THE PURPOSES OF THIS
ARTICLE.
S 849-N. PAYMENT PROCEDURES; AUDITS. 1. UPON APPROVAL OF AN APPLICA-
TION, THE CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR, WITHIN AVAILABLE APPROPRIATIONS, MAY
AUTHORIZE DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS IN ANY AMOUNT UP TO THE AMOUNT SOUGHT BY
THE APPLICATION. SUCH DISBURSEMENT MAY BE BY ADVANCE PAYMENT TO THE
APPLICANT, OR APPLICANTS, AS APPROPRIATE, BEFORE IT INCURS THE COST FOR
WHICH ITS APPLICATION SOUGHT FUNDING, BY REIMBURSEMENT TO THE APPLICANT
AFTER IT INCURS AND PAYS SUCH COSTS IN THE FIRST INSTANCE, OR BY SOME
COMBINATION THEREOF, AS THE CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR DETERMINES IS APPROPRI-
ATE UNDER THE CIRCUMSTANCES.
2. THE STATE COMPTROLLER, THE CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR AND THEIR AUTHORIZED
REPRESENTATIVES SHALL HAVE THE POWER TO INSPECT, EXAMINE AND AUDIT THE
FISCAL AFFAIRS OF THE APPLICANT, OR APPLICANTS, TO AN APPROVED APPLICA-
TION GRANTED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION TO THE EXTENT NECESSARY TO DETER-
MINE WHETHER FUNDING RECEIVED UNDER THE PROGRAM HAS BEEN USED IN ACCORD-
ANCE WITH THE PURPOSE OR PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS SOUGHT IN THE
APPLICATION, AND WHETHER THERE HAS BEEN COMPLIANCE WITH ALL RULES AND
REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE PROGRAM AND THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE.
3. IN DISCHARGE OF HIS OR HER DUTIES UNDER THIS ARTICLE, THE CHIEF
ADMINISTRATOR SHALL CONSULT, AS APPROPRIATE AND NECESSARY, WITH ANY
AGENCY OF THE STATE, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE OFFICE OF ALCOHOL-
ISM AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE SERVICES, THE OFFICE OF CHILDREN AND FAMILY
SERVICES, THE OFFICE OF MENTAL HEALTH AND THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT.
S 849-O. ANNUAL REPORT. THE CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR SHALL REPORT ANNUALLY
TO THE GOVERNOR AND THE LEGISLATURE REGARDING THE OPERATION AND SUCCESS
OF THE PROGRAM ESTABLISHED BY THIS ARTICLE.
S 12. Subdivision 1 of section 30.00 of the penal law, as amended by
chapter 481 of the laws of 1978, is amended to read as follows:
1. Except as provided in subdivision two OR TWO-A of this section, a
person less than [sixteen] EIGHTEEN years old is not criminally respon-
sible for conduct.
S 13. Section 30.00 of the penal law is amended by adding two new
subdivisions 2-a and 4 to read as follows:
2-A. A PERSON SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEARS OF AGE IS CRIMINALLY RESPON-
SIBLE FOR ACTS CONSTITUTING A VIOLENT FELONY OFFENSE AS PRESCRIBED IN
SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION 70.02 OF THIS CHAPTER OR AN OFFENSE LISTED IN
PARAGRAPH TWO OF SUBDIVISION EIGHTEEN OF SECTION 10.00 OF THIS CHAPTER.
4. NOTWITHSTANDING SUBDIVISION ONE OF THIS SECTION, A PERSON WHO IS AT
LEAST SIXTEEN YEARS OLD AND LESS THAN EIGHTEEN YEARS OLD AT THE TIME HE
OR SHE IS ALLEGED TO HAVE COMMITTED AN ACT THAT WOULD CONSTITUTE A CRIME
IF COMMITTED BY A PERSON AT LEAST EIGHTEEN YEARS OLD SHALL BE SUBJECT TO
THE FILING OF CHARGES AND THE PROSECUTION THEREOF EXCLUSIVELY IN ACCORD-
ANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLE SEVEN HUNDRED TWENTY-TWO OF THE
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW.
S 14. (a) On December first immediately following the effective date
of this act, and on December first of each year thereafter, the chief
administrator of the courts, following consultation with the chair of
the senate finance committee, the chair of the assembly ways and means
committee, the director of the division of the budget and any affected

S. 4489--A 16

political subdivision, shall certify to the state comptroller, for the
city of New York and each county outside such city: (1) the projected
reasonable and appropriate increase in local probation cost for such
political subdivision on account of this act in the state fiscal year
commencing the preceding April first, and (2) beginning December first
in the calendar year following the effective date of this act, the actu-
al reasonable and appropriate increase in local probation cost for such
political subdivision on account of this act during the state fiscal
year ending the preceding March thirty-first. The chief administrator
shall simultaneously transmit a copy of such certification to the
affected political subdivision.
(b) On April thirtieth in each year beginning April thirtieth imme-
diately following the effective date of this act, the chief administra-
tor, from appropriations available to the judiciary in such fiscal year,
shall pay to the city of New York and each county outside such city the
amount certified the preceding December first for such political subdi-
vision by the chief administrator pursuant to paragraph one of subdivi-
sion (a) of this section; provided, however, each April thirtieth,
beginning April thirtieth of the second calendar year next following the
effective date of this act, the amount payable to a political subdivi-
sion pursuant to this subdivision shall be increased by the difference
between (i) the amount certified on the preceding December first for
such political subdivision pursuant to paragraph two of subdivision (a)
of this section and (ii) the amount certified on December first of the
year prior thereto for such political subdivision pursuant to paragraph
one of subdivision (a) of this section, where (i) is greater than (ii),
or decreased by the difference between (i) and (ii), where (i) is less
than (ii).
(c) (1) There is hereby created a special juvenile probation review
board. The voting membership of the board shall consist of four persons
appointed by the governor, of which one shall be upon the recommendation
of the temporary president of the senate, one upon the recommendation of
the speaker of the assembly, and one upon the recommendation of the
chief judge of the court of appeals. The members of the board shall vote
among themselves to determine who shall serve as chair. Each member of
the board shall be entitled to designate a representative to attend
meetings of the board in his or her place and to vote or otherwise act
on his or her behalf in his or her absence. Notice of such designation
shall be furnished in writing to the board by the designating member. A
representative shall serve at the pleasure of the designating member
during the member's term of office. A representative shall not be
authorized to delegate any of his or her duties or functions to any
other person.
(2) In the event a political subdivision disputes an amount certified
to the state comptroller pursuant to paragraph (1) or (2) of subdivision
(a) of this section with respect to such political subdivision, such
political subdivision may apply for relief to the special juvenile
probation review board in accordance with such rules of procedure as the
board may adopt. Such application must be submitted to the board not
later than thirty days following the filing of the certification in
dispute with the state comptroller and shall be acted upon by the board
within sixty days of such submission. Upon receipt of an application for
relief hereunder, the board shall grant it in whole or in part or
dismiss it. In the event the board grants an application in whole or in
part, it shall direct the chief administrator of the courts to amend the

S. 4489--A 17

certification in dispute accordingly and to file such amended certif-
ication with the state comptroller.
S 15. This act shall take effect on the first day of November in the
second year following the date on which it shall have become a law and
shall apply to all arrests made and all actions and proceedings
commenced on or after such effective date; provided, however, at any
time on or after the date on which this act shall have become a law, the
commissioner of the division of criminal justice services, upon the
recommendation of the office of probation and correctional alternatives,
may promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to enable
implementation of this act on its effective date and such rules and
regulations shall take effect on such date as the commissioner of the
division of criminal justice services shall prescribe.

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