4: The Beginning of China | China First started to develop 7,000 to 8,000 years ago. It started to develop when they kept animals and grew rice (became farmers). Also they grew and sold silk. Soon, they started to live in villages. Then they started to have jobs like potters, tailors, and many more. 1

6: China's Enemies | The first dynasty, the Shang Dynasty, lasted for 700 years before the were conquered by Chou. Also, on 1276 AD, the Mongols invaded China. In the end China won with their new invention, gunpowder. Chinese taoist alchemists were the major force behind the early invention of gunpowder. Emperor Wu Di (156-87 B.C.) of the Han dynasty financed research done by the alchemists on the secrets of eternal life. The alchemists experimented with the sulphur and saltpeter heating the substances in order to transform them. The alchemist Wei Boyang wrote the Book of the Kinship of the Three detailing the experiments made by the alchemists. During the 8th century Tang dynasty, sulphur and saltpeter were first combined with charcoal to create an explosive called huoyao or gunpowder. A substance that did not encourage eternal life, however, gunpowder was used to treat skin diseases and as a fumigant to kill insects before its advantage as a weapon was made clear. The Chinese began experimenting with the gunpowder filled tubes. At some point, they attached bamboo tubes to arrows and launched them with bows. Soon they discovered that these gunpowder tubes could launch themselves just by the power produced from the escaping gas. The true rocket was born. 3

7: When China was invaded parachutes, guns, and airplanes were NOT used or invented. The Chinese did put rockets on their arrows though. | 4

8: Magnificent Rulers | Shi Huang Ti was very important because he ordered the great wall of China to be built! He also gave China its name. He started out as a king of a smaller state but then he took over more and more states so he eventually became the emperor of China. Shi Huang Ti also decided that all of China would use the same measure tools (weights, scales, ect.) and same letters to write with to show the China was one empire. Wen Ti also became popular when he declared that poor people in the countryside should pay less taxes. He also ordered that every man should get a certain amount of land to farm on and that when they turn sixty they shall give a little of the land back and give the rest to their sons. Also he declared that when you turn sixty you do not have to pay taxes. Kau Tsu was popular because he did the same thing as Shi Huang Ti. But unlike Shi Huang Ti, Kau Tsu hired inteligent scholars to be governers and judges because he needed people that would make wise decisions. | 6

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10: The Classes | During the Three Kingdoms the poor people still had to pay taxes but during the Sui Dynasty it was the opposite.They did not have grand kingdoms like the emporer. They lived in one-roomed mudbrick houses with Thatch roofs. ~Rich people lived in much bigger houses.They had a high wall made of rammed earth all the way around them, with no windows and just one door, to keep the family safe. As soon as you went through this door, you would see another short wall in front of you. This was the screen wall, which kept people from seeing into your courtyard as they walked by, for privacy. All around the courtyard there were rooms. In a very fancy house there were two stories, and a balcony on the inside of the upper story overlooking the courtyard. 7

11: The poor people often farmed. | The rich often thought they were better just because they were rich. 8

12: Origin and Great Accomplishments | China developed in China because the Stone Age Chinese stayed there because of the climate and animals to hunt. Then they started to live together more and more. Then they conquered land and became China. Some natural resources were rice, chicken, and sheep. 9

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14: Law and Punishment | This is how Ancient Chinese laws worked. During the Quin (pronounced Chin) Dynasty you were executed or put to work on The Great Wall of China. It worked very well. The way they could tell how bad a crime was is how bad the punishment.During the Chin Dynasty you HAD TO spy on everybody and report law breakers. No matter what no hurting parents! No armed robbery or robbery. You could not send children to do a job for you.The emporer determined if the laws were broken. If the laws were broken the punishments were severe. Any girl who insulted her parents was strangled; if she wounded them she was tortured and cut up into pieces. A father was responsible for the conduct of his children and his servants. If they committed any crimes that he could have prevented them from committing he was charged. Stealing from a member of the family was a most serious crime .Beating with a bamboo stick was considered to be a mild punishment. Pick-pockets were branded on the arms for their first and second offences, while a third offence brought them before the criminal courts. Armed robbery was punished by death. 11