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Spain was colonized by many civilizations, including the Iberians, Celts and Greeks, Phoenicians, Romans, before the invasion in the 2nd century BC Starting from 3 century BC. Oe. various barbarian tribes seized the north, weakening the power of the Romans. The Visigoths, who came in the 5th century, supported a union of their capital city of Toledo. They were defeated by the Moors in the 8th century. The power of the Moors had reached its peak 200 years later, when he was destroyed by the great Christian bastion SantiagodeCompostela. The Moors ruled Spain for nearly eight centuries from their capital city of Cordoba, the former at the time the largest and most civilized city in Europe. Christians, Muslims and Jews relatively peacefully co-existed here for centuries.

Becoming a Christian was gradual, beginning with the formation of small Christian kingdoms. Marriage of Ferdinand V of Aragon to Isabella Castile in 1479 brought together the largest and strongest of them, and marked the birth of the Spanish state. The Inquisition began in the Catholic monarchs, when pogroms intensified non-Catholics – especially Jews, and in 1492 400 000 people were forced to leave Spain. In the same year Columbus discovered America, which provided the influx of countless treasures for the Spanish crown. During the reign of the Hapsburg Spain was the beginning of output to the international arena, and heir to the Bourbon Philip V, launched a war for the Spanish throne, Charles of Austria. Later, Spain was embroiled in the Napoleonic wars, the Spanish fleet was defeated at Trafalgar, and the American colonies rose to the struggle for independence, which most of them were in the first quarter of the 19th century.

In the country itself is a century was marked by a fierce struggle between the reactionary monarchy and liberal reformists. In the 20th century led to growing public discontent with the formation of groups who have created their own political parties. In 1923 generalPrimodeRiverapredprinyal successful military coup, and his dictatorship lasted until 1930. The Second Republic was proclaimed in 1931 and in 1933, when the public split the Liberal coalition gained strength Fascist Party Fa Lang. Although the Popular Front for the free group of radicals, socialists and Republicans – won re-election in 1936, General Francisco Franco joined the opposition, and dragged the country into a brutal civil war. Franco ruled with an iron hand a one-party fascist state, and all languages other than Castilian, have been banned, censored cut Spain from the outside world. V1953 year) Franco signed a contract with the U.S. to deploy nuclear bases on Spanish soil in exchange for economic aid. The country’s economy began to recover, thanks in no small measure contributed to tourism boom 1960s, privnesshy fresh developments. Last years of Franco’s were marked by a new wave of repression. The death of Franco in 1975 has caused controversy reaction. His successor, King Juan Carlos appointed government made up of Franco, but political reform in 1978 led to the formation of a democratically elected parliament. Despite the efforts in 1981 unpopular measures, the king through a democratic environment earned the love of Spaniards, who still treat him with great respect. Spain has experienced a cultural and economic upswing thanks in part to Entry into the European Economic Community in 1986, although high unemployment in recent years has led to the opposition it has subjected the membership question.