To investigate the relationship among alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (ADH2) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) genetic polymorphisms, alcohol consumption, and the susceptibility of stomach cancer in Chinese males.

The association of lifestyle habits and polymorphism of ADH2 and ALDH2 genes with the risk of esophageal cancer in Thai population was investigated in a hospital-based case-control study: 202 cases and 261 controls...

Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase, dopamine and serotonin transporters in familial and non-familial alcoholism

..To the authors' knowledge, few studies have been conducted to date regarding dietary selenium and the potential gene-nutrient interactions with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in different pathways on the risk of esophageal cancer...

ALDH2 1510 G/A (Glu487Lys) polymorphism interaction with age in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of multi-genotype polymorphisms with the stepwise progression of esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) and the possibility of predicting those at higher risk...

Folate, alcohol, and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 polymorphism and the risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer in Japanese

Usual human livers contain two major ALDH isozymes, i.e., cytosolic ALDH1 and mitochondrial ALDH2, while approximately 50% of Orientals are "atypical" and have only the ALDH1 and are missing the ALDH2...

Individuals heterozygous or homozygous for the variant aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) allele (ALDH2*2), which encodes a protein differing only at residue 487 from the normal protein, have decreased ALDH2 activity in liver extracts and ..

Allele association studies with SSR and SNP markers at known physical distances within a 1 Mb region embracing the ALDH2 locus in the Japanese, demonstrates linkage disequilibrium extending up to 400 kb

The low-activity variant of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene found in East Asian populations leads to the alcohol flush reaction and reduces alcohol consumption and risk of alcohol dependence (AD)...

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) genotype on cardiovascular and endocrine responses to alcohol ingestion in young, healthy Japanese subjects...

Association of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 promoter polymorphism with alcohol consumption and reactions in an American Jewish population

..The aim of this study was to investigate the differences among Chinese alcoholic patients with esophageal cancer, acute pancreatitis, and liver cirrhosis by studying the genetic polymorphisms of ADH2, ADH3, ALDH2, and P4502E1.

Association between aldehyde dehydrogenase gene polymorphisms and the phenomenon of field cancerization in patients with head and neck cancer

We examined the potential association between alcohol consumption and genetic polymorphisms in the alcohol metabolizing enzymes, CYP2E1 and ALDH2, in individual susceptibility to breast cancer in a Korean study population.

Genetic polymorphisms of tobacco- and alcohol-related metabolizing enzymes and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma

Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) is the major enzyme that oxidizes ethanol-derived acetaldehyde. A nearly inactive form of the enzyme, ALDH2*2, is found in about 40% of the East Asian population...

A Glu487Lys polymorphism in the gene for mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 is associated with myocardial infarction in elderly Korean men

We investigated the association of genetic polymorphisms of NQO1, ALDH2, CYP2E1, and the combined genotype of these genes on lung cancer risk, and also evaluated the association after stratification by cumulative smoking amounts and ..

It has been well documented that although homozygosity of the variant aldehyde dehydrogenese-2 (ALDH2) gene allele, ALDH2*2, in Asians almost fully protects against alcoholism, the heterozygosity only affords a partial protection to ..

Interaction of the effects of alcohol drinking and polymorphisms in alcohol-metabolizing enzymes on the risk of female breast cancer in Japan

..have investigated genetic polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (ADH1B) His48Arg and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) Glu504Lys, because of the strong impact these polymorphisms have on exposure to and accumulation of acetaldehyde...

..The underlying mechanisms are not clear. The aim was to examine the association between alcohol intake and diabetes and intermediate CHD risk factors in relation to selected ADH and ALDH gene variants...

A genome-wide association study of hypertension-related phenotypes in a Japanese population

The relationship between alcohol intake and the risk for gastric cancer is not fully understood. The association between alcohol consumption and the risk for gastric cancer was investigated in the Korean population with the ALDH2 genotype.

ADH1B and ALDH2 polymorphisms and their associations with increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in the Korean population

The impact of alcohol on the risk of stomach cancer is controversial. Although aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) Glu504Lys (rs671) polymorphism has a strong effect on acetaldehyde metabolism, little is known about its impact on stomach ..

Association of genetic polymorphisms in ADH and ALDH2 with risk of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis

..Meta-analysis showed that mutant genotypes (GA+AA) of the rs671 polymorphism in the ALDH2 gene were associated with increased risk of both CAD and MI (CAD: RR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.03-1.40, P=0.021; MI: RR=1...

C G SteinmetzDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USAStructure 5:701-11. 1997

..consumption and incidence of alcoholism is a naturally occurring variant of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2). This variant contains a glutamate to lysine substitution at position 487 (E487K)...

The aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene is a risk factor for hypertension in Japanese but does not alter the sensitivity to pressor effects of alcohol: the Suita study

..to alcohol, which is due to a genetic deficiency in an isoenzyme of aldehydede-hydrogenase with a low Km (ALDH2). It is possible that the effects of alcohol consumption on blood pressure differ according to the ALDH2 genotype...

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene is a risk factor for myocardial infarction in Japanese men

The deficiency in activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2), commonly found in Asians, is due to a mutation at position 487 in exon 12, encoded by the ALDH2*2 allele, which is a crucial factor for deficient ability to acetaldehyde (..

Genetic polymorphisms in alcohol metabolism, alcohol intake and the risk of stomach cancer in Warsaw, Poland

Lina ChenDepartment of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United KingdomPLoS Med 5:e52. 2008

..robust evidence on the nature of this association by use of a common polymorphism in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) as a surrogate for measuring alcohol consumption. ALDH2 encodes a major enzyme involved in alcohol metabolism...

..In this study, we investigated the relationship between Glu504Lys polymorphism in the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene, a key enzyme of alcohol metabolism, and the risk of having T2DM in Chinese Han CAD ..

Impact of smoking on lung cancer risk is stronger in those with the homozygous aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 null allele in a Japanese population

Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) plays a major role in ethanol metabolism. It is involved in acetaldehyde detoxification. A polymorphism of the ALDH2 gene is specific to North-East Asians...

Alcohol drinking is a major risk factor for esophageal cancer in Japan and its impact may be modulated by levels of ALDH2, ADH2 and CYP2E1, three representative alcohol-metabolizing enzymes which display genetic polymorphisms altering ..

A gene-gene interaction between ALDH2 Glu487Lys and ADH2 His47Arg polymorphisms regarding the risk of colorectal cancer in Japan

..These include (1) extremely low allele frequency for both ALDH2*2 (aldehyde dehydrogenase) and ADH2*2 (alcohol dehydrogenase);(2) a relatively high rate of ADH3*2 and CYP2E1 c2 (..

Daria Mochly-Rosen; Fiscal Year: 2016

..In the past funding period, we found that activation of the mitochondrial enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, ALDH2, appears to be required and sufficient for ethanol-induced cardiac protection from ischemia...

..to both placebo and alcohol administration among men and women of Asian heritage with different ADH2, ADH3, and ALDH2 genotypes. This study will focus on various measures of reaction to alcohol and alcohol metabolism...

Abdel A Abdel-Rahman; Fiscal Year: 2015

..We will focus on myocardial catalase and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (mit-ALDH2) because E2 enhancement of their physiological activity confers cardioprotection and both enzymes regulate ..

..Finally, the formation and catalytic properties of the tetrameric human mitochondrial ALDH (ALDH2) formed from the mixing of active subunits (product of the ALDH2(1) allele) and the inactive subunits (product of ..

..Finally, the formation and catalytic properties of the tetrameric human mitochondrial ALDH (ALDH2) formed from the mixing of active subunits (product of the ALDH2(1) allele) and the inactive subunits (product of ..

..assessment protocol that will make it possible to test the mechanistic pathway of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene ALDH2. Two technologically advanced devices, a wrist transdermal alcohol sensor (TAS) device and a website that will be ..

..The disulfiram reaction is now known to be caused by the inhibition of the liver enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2), normally involved in the metabolism of alcohol...

Randy Strong; Fiscal Year: 2016

..created two lines of mice, one with homozygous mutations in the two aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes, Aldh1a1 and Aldh2, that are known to be present in midbrain dopamine neurons, and the other a line of wild- type mice from their ..

..In the past funding period, we found that activation of the mitochondrial enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, ALDH2, appears to be required and sufficient for ethanol-induced cardiac protection from ischemia...

..The alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) cluster of genes and the aldehydedehydrogenase 2 locus. (ALDH2) are known to affect alcohol metabolism and the genetic susceptibility to alcoholism in some populations, ..

..AIM 2. Examine whether mouse mutants [unreadable]2SP, [unreadable]2SP/Smad3 and Smad3 crossed with Aldh2 null mutant mice result in a progeny that show (a) enhanced susceptibility to spontaneous tumor development as ..

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal advocates the function of glial cell astrocytic acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) as the first line neuroprotective defense mechanisms in the brain from alcohol abuse...

..that the consequences of acute intoxication and of alcohol consumption by individuals with reduced acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 activity create especially severe damage to mitochondrial DNA that is not predictable based on low-dose ..

Zhanxiang Zhou; Fiscal Year: 2014

..Aldehydes can be detoxified primarily by ALDH in the liver, however, our studies showed that mitochondrial ALDH (ALDH2) was not up-regulated in the liver despite aldehyde accumulation after chronic alcohol exposure...

..objectives of this study include: (1) to identify the risk alleles for alcohol dependence at ADH gene cluster and ALDH2 gene;(2) to mathematically predict the diagnosis of alcohol dependence using a set of genetic markers;(3) to ..

..Wall's Independent Scientist Award will provide her the opportunity to continue to engage in research activities on nearly a full-time basis, thus ensuring her continued development as a scientist and as a mentor. ..

..Our long-term goal is to establish the causal link among IGF-1 deficiency, enhanced oxidative damage and ventricular dysfunction in the progression of cardiovascular aging so that hormonal or antioxidant therapy can be optimized...

..Study findings can be compared to similar studies being conducted in the US. We believe these studies will allow for the identification of risk and protective factors for alcoholism in these islands. [unreadable] [unreadable]..

..Finally, by integrating these calculation results with those from sequence analysis and site-directed mutagenesis experiments, we intend to understand the molecular factors that influence all ALDHs. ..

..g., ultraviolet light); (ii) an investigation of rare cancer types (e.g., bone cancer or sarcomas); and (iii) an investigation of second primary cancers which may be increased due to treatment of a first primary cancer (e.g., leukemia). ..

..The proposed research cannot be performed in the US due to a lack of population PD registries that would provide access to such a large number of cases and valid methods for control recruitment from the general population. ..