Acknowledgements: The authors thank the University of St. Thomas faculty, staff, and students who participated in this study. These individuals very graciously responded to our requests for their time and attention. This case study is based on a collaborative analysis and planning process undertaken by the NISE's Learning Through Technology "Fellows" group: Jean-Pierre Bayard, Stephen Erhmann, John Jungck, Flora McMartin, Susan Millar, and Marco Molinaro. The Fellows, in turn, benefited substantially from members of the College Level One Team: Andrew Beversdorf, Mark Connolly, Susan Daffinrud, Art Ellis, Kate Loftus-Fahl, Anthony T. Jacob and Robert Mathieu.

In 1996, University of Saint Thomas chemistry professor Betsy Longley got interested in using modules to teach better. She first experimented, using modules in a limited way the following year. In 1997, Betsy decided to completely “modularlize” an introductory course (Chem 101) that she alone was teaching. Based on that experience, she persuaded her department colleagues to permit the use of modules in the three “regular” sections of Chem 111, a multi-section course that starts the curriculum sequence for chemistry majors. Data collected in 1998 from the module-based sections indicated that students performed as well on end-of-semester exams as those who took non-module sections in previous years. Despite mixed reactions to modules from both instructors and students, the module-based sections reported other salutary outcomes, including (on average) greater student enthusiasm, less absenteeism, and greater retention of content knowledge in subsequent, advanced courses.

The following year, neither Betsy nor her colleague David Boyd taught the module-based Chem111, instead handing the sections over to three of their departmental colleagues, who were somewhat less enthusiastic. When Betsy left the department—first for a maternity leave, then permanently—module-based Chem 111 lost a key supporter, and modular classes were then picked up by faculty who were either less familiar with, or supportive of, teaching with modules. Unable to sustain a critical mass of supporters during changes in personnel and class assignments, the movement to modularize Chem 111 foundered.

Not all successful educational reforms persist. Put another way, even though an innovative and effective educational approach may succeed in improving how students learn, that success is no guarantee that it will thrive or even persist. This statement may surprise some, but it is a truism among those who regularly work with groups of faculty who attempt to change their teaching practices. It happens time and time again: individual faculty members find something that works and try to share it with their colleagues, knowing that “it takes a department to raise a student.” But along the way, maybe in the handoff, the innovation loses...

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...﻿StThomas More
Christianity has developed significantly throughout the Common Era. After Constantine legalised Christianity in 325 CE, support grew and soon Christianity became a worldwide religion. There have been numerous Saints and Reformers that have played key roles in shaping the Church into what we know today. Saint Thomas More had a large impact on the Church, both during their lifetime and still in present day.
Born in Milk Street in London, on 7 February 1478. The Catholic Church finally worshiped stThomas more in 1935. More was King Henry VIII of England’s main therapist, the king discussed everything with StThomas More and he made every choice with him, He was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, he was noted the Renaissance humanist.
In 1505, he married his cherished Jane Colt who gave birth to four children, and when she died at an early age, he married a widow, Alice Middleton, to be the mother of his little children. Intelligence and a reformer, this educated man well-known by Bishops and professors among his friends, and by 1516 wrote his popular book "Utopia".
St. Thomas More was killed for not obeying King Henry VIII’s choice to divorce his wife and, whist that was happening King Henry VIII announced that he would be the head of the Church in England. Thomas More was against this double...

...Changes
Procedure:
1. Using the 96-well plate, use a different well for each combination of reactions. Put 2 drops of the first chemical in one well and then 2 drops of the second chemical. Observe each reaction with both a white and black background
2.
NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate-baking soda) and HCl (hydrochloric acid). The bubbles formed are carbon dioxide (General College Chemistry, 2014, pp. 17-18).
A. HCl and BTB (bromothymol blue). Bromothymol blue is one of many acid-base indicators. What color do you observe? (General College Chemistry, 2014, pp. 17-18).
B. NH3 (ammonia, a base) and 1 drop of BTB. What color do you observe? Record the color you expect when BTB reacts with and acid and with a base (General College Chemistry, 2014, pp. 17-18).
C. HCl and blue dye (General College Chemistry, 2014, pp. 17-18).
D. Blue dye and NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite). Observe then add 1 drop of HCl (General College Chemistry, 2014, pp. 17-18).
E. KI (potassium iodide) and Pb(NO3)2 (lead nitrate). Describe the precipitate formed (General College Chemistry, 2014, pp. 17-18).
F. NaOH (sodium hydroxide- a base) and phenolphalein. Phenolphthalein is another acid-base indicator. What color do you observe? (General College Chemistry, 2014, pp. 17-18)....

...GeneralChemistry, Mrs. Peck
Food For Thought Article 1 Name: _________________ Period _____
The following article has been pulled from a recent national news story. You are to read the article and answer the question I pose at the end.
We Americans do love our dietary supplements. More than half of the adult population have taken them to stay healthy, lose weight, gain an edge in sports or in the bedroom, and avoid using prescription drugs. In 2009, we spent $26.7 billion on them, according to the Nutrition Business Journal, a trade publication.
What consumers might not realize, though, is that supplement manufacturers routinely, and legally, sell their products without first having to demonstrate that they are safe and effective. The Food and Drug Administration has not made full use of even the meager authority granted it by the industry--friendly 1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA).
As a result, the supplement marketplace is not as safe as it should be.
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...that are achiral.
7. Draw the formula for an unsaturated alkyl chloride (C5H9Cl) that shows:
(a) neither geometric isomerism nor optical activity.
(b) both geometric isomerism and optical activity.
(c) geometric isomerism but not optical activity.
(d) optical activity but not geometric isomerism.
8. How many pairs of enantiomers and/or meso compounds are possible for the following?
a)
b)
9. Draw the enantiomer for each of the following compounds. Draw all diastereomers if they exist.
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...under hood
Experimental
The procedure for this experiment appears on pages 4 and 5 on hand lab #6 Preparation of 2-chloro-2-methylbutane-An Sn1 Reaction [1]. In this experiment, the instructor requested that 4 ml diethyl ether be added to the solution in the conical vial after step 4 to help better see the difference between the organic and aqueous layer. During step 4, NaCl(aq) was also available, and was used instead of water. The last test involving NaI was not performed.
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A volume of 1.54 ml of 2-methyl-2-butanol was used for this experiment, and mixed with 2.0 ml of 12M HCl. The mass of HCl was calculated using the density to prevent over handling of the product resulting in breakage of equipment and injury.
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...﻿GeneralChemistry 2 Study Guide*
Exam 3, Spring 2014
Chapter 16 (Acid-Base Equilibria)
Know the definitions of Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis acids and bases.
- Arrhenius: Acid dissolved in water increases conc. Of H+ ions.
Base dissolved in water increases conc. Of OH- ions
- Bronsted-Lowry: Acid: substance that donates a proton to another substance
Base: substance that accepts a proton from another substance
-Lewis: Acid: electron pair acceptor
Base: electron pair donor
Be able to identify Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis acids and bases in an acid-base reaction equation.
Understand the concept of conjugate acid-base pairs and how each member differs from the other by one proton.
-conjugate base formed by removing a proton from the acid
-conjugate acid formed by adding a proton to the base
Be able to write and identify conjugate acid-base pairs.
Understand that acid-base reactions are proton transfers involving two sets of conjugate acid-base pairs.
- The stronger an acid, the weaker its conjugate base, and the stronger a base, the weaker its conjugate acid.
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...of 2.00 bar. If the gas is compressed isothermally at constant external pressure, Pext, so that the final volume is 0.500 dm3, what is the smallest value Pext can have? Calculate the work involved using this value of Pext.
Solution
For compression to occur, the value of Pext must be at least as large as the final pressure of the gas. P1 = 2.00 bar, V1 = 1.00 dm3, V2 = 0.500 dm3, P2 = ?
= 4.00 bar
This is the smallest value of Pext can be to compress the gas isothermally (constant temperature) from 1.00 dm3 to 0.500 dm3. Note: 1 bar = 105 Pa
= 2.00 dm3 bar
= (2.00 dm3 bar)(10-3 m dm-3)(105 Pa bar-1) = 200 Pa m3 = 200 J
OR (in SI units)
(4.00 x 105 Pa){(0.500 – 1.00) x 10-3 m3) = 200 J
Of course, Pext can be any value greater than 4.00 bar, so 200 J represents the smallest value of w for the isothermal compression at constant pressure from a volume of 1.00 dm3 to 0.500 dm3.
2. A sample of CO2 (g) occupy 2.00 dm3 mol-1 at a temperature of 300 K. If the gas is compressed isothermally at a constant external pressure, Pext, so that the final molar volume is 0.750 dm3 mol-1, calculate the smallest value Pext can have, assuming that CO2 (g) satisfies the van der Waals equation of state under these conditions. Calculate the work done on the gas using this value of Pext.
Solution
P1 = 2.00 dm3, T1 = T2 = 300K (isothermal process) , = 2.00 dm3, = 0.750 dm3
van der Waals equation:
For CO2, a = 3.6551 dm6...

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