..The Msx and Dlx genes are the best current candidates for a combinatorial mechanism that controls the differentiation of structures within and between teeth, and perhaps also the evolution of those structures...

..Better technologies to detect and characterize SM are becoming available. However, until it is studied directly, SM will remain a cryptic etiological force, even for diseases that are essentially "genetic"...

..Thus, the evolution of vertebrate mineralized tissues seems to be explained by phenogenetic drift: while mineralized tissues are retained during vertebrate evolution, the underlying genetic basis has extensively drifted...

Out of the veil of death rode the one million! Neandertals and their genes

..Huxley was one of many who have had trouble accepting Darwin's gradual natural selection as the central evolutionary mechanism, and views spanning the antipodes of gradualism and saltation find advocates even in our genetic era...

..Therefore, if variables like actual crown area and estimated crown area are to be used in phylogenetic parsimony analyses, we suggest that researchers account for the effects of covariates such as sex and body size in their analyses...

..Finally, we ask whether most complex diseases are even good candidates for the kind of prediction and prevention that we have come to expect based on experience with infectious and Mendelian disease...

..But in that context race reflects deeply confounded cultural as well as biological factors, and a careful distinction must be made between race as a statistical risk factor and causal genetic variables...