7.
Implications <ul><li>Until it happens without thinking, learners have not mastered a skill </li></ul><ul><li>Once it happens without thinking, it is not easily forgotten (riding a bike) </li></ul><ul><li>Most training stops before mastery is achieved, inviting a slow decline of knowledge </li></ul>

8.
Poll <ul><li>If you stick your tongue out a newborn child, what will he do? </li></ul>

9.
Mirror Neurons Recognize actions of others & allow them to feel like our own Paired with with neurons in key action, language, empathy, and pain centers Fire identically when we perform an action or watch it performed

10.
Implications Response is similar for: Performing the action Witnessing the action Hearing about the action Mirror Neurons enable: Empathy Skill building through mimicry Vicarious experience

12.
Real and False Memories “ False” Memory: An experience you did not have, but remember Stored and retrieved from memory just like “Real” memories So what? Learners who imagine themselves having an experience will remember it when they encounter a similar situation in real life

14.
Structure of an Example Scenario Exploit empathetic memory: 2nd or 3rd person narration Strong emotional impact Include a clear success or failure outcome Incite a false memory: Vivid binary conflict Characters with recognizable traits & flaws Emotional color Argue each side of the conflict Final compromise/outcome must be the message you want to send Do it wrong: Asking learners to give advice about what a character in a scenario should do Stripping out the emotional and personal attributes to “focus on the point” No plausible or engaging conflict to resolve Too many points to convey

18.
Implications for Learning <ul><li>When using video in eLearning: </li></ul><ul><li>Pacing </li></ul><ul><li>Demonstration </li></ul><ul><li>Wrap up explanatory & dogmatic work before video </li></ul><ul><li>Follow with activities or ease back into slides </li></ul><ul><li>“ Watch for X in the video”, quizzes </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Helupful, still fighting brain’s natural inclination </li></ul></ul>

21.
Implications and Uses <ul><li>Question must be asked correctly to retrieve the answer. Knowledge is not dynamic and flexible. </li></ul><ul><li>Benefits: </li></ul><ul><li>Recall is automatic </li></ul><ul><li>Train for performance without the intereference of emotion </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Professional athletes </li></ul></ul>

22.
Poll The ability to speak a language like a native disappears if you don’t start before this age:

24.
Implications In eLearning Design: <ul><li>Pose novel challenges that involve similar, but unfamiliar abilities </li></ul><ul><li>Biggest rewards: take learners out of their “comfort zone” </li></ul><ul><li>There is no age at which we cease to be able to learn </li></ul><ul><li>Acqusition of new skills strengthens existing skills </li></ul>

25.
Poll <ul><li>Which of these learning traits are more dominantly male? </li></ul>