New Zealand’s Military Manual (1992) provides: “The Occupying Power is forbidden to move parts of its own population into the occupied territory with the intention of changing the nature of the population or annexing or colonizing the area.”

Any person who in New Zealand or elsewhere commits, or aids or abets or procures the commission by another person of, a grave breach … of [the 1977 Additional Protocol I] is guilty of an indictable offence.