Evidence for Cosmic Inflation

In 1979, Alan Guth (now at MIT), proposed the concept of cosmic inflation. He believed that the initial energy of the universe would cause a runaway expansion. Until recently it has been theoretical although mathematically proven that the universe is inflating.
A collaborative team after three years has corroborated that a twist in light or ripples in space-time are the first images of gravitational waves from the Big Bang. This would suggest that cosmic inflation is correct. Researchers also significantly agree that this confirms a profound relationship between quantum mechanics and general relativity which has implications for study at the Planck scale, previously thought to be impossible.

On 17th March 2014, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics announced that the BICEP2 facility at the South Pole discovered this compelling evidence for quantized gravity and cosmic inflation. They used microwave telescopes, which enabled sensitive measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB),since the air is most like space, thin and dry, at the pole. Working with the light of the CMB, it was found to be polarized and thus scattered by atomic particles. Gravitational waves squeeze space and create distinctive patterns and thus when looking for this signature in the cosmic wave background, a twist in the light was found. This twist is considered to be a ripple in space-time and a sign that the expansion took place faster than the speed of light.

“This work offers new insights into some of our most basic questions: Why do we exist? How did the universe begin? These results are not only a smoking gun for inflation, they also tell us when inflation took place and how powerful the process was.” —Harvard theorist, Avi Loeb

Inflation is important because it solves two problems : 1) why is the universe fairly homogenous, that is almost in perfect thermal equilibrium and 2) why is it more flat than curved. Inflation tells that that this is because all the regions, in the earliest period of time, were together and associated with the cosmological constant, and the only significant inhomogeneities are the tiny quantum fluctuations in the inflaton (the particle behind inflation).

The fact that all particles had some relation to each other further supports the theories of non-locality of quantum physics. The Book of Knowledge: Keys of Enoch® speaks of the cosmological constant as the connection between particles and a key source to the interconnectedness behind creation. It plays down the “big bang” as one chaotic explosion, favoring a more orderly unfoldment.

Guth does go on to describe how inflation is associated with the early gravitational pressures of the universe. He states: “Inflationary theory itself is a twist on the conventional Big Bang theory. The shortcoming that inflation is intended to overcome is the basic fact that, although the Big Bang theory is called the Big Bang it is in fact not really a theory of a bang at all; it never was. The conventional Big Bang theory, without inflation, was really only a theory of the aftermath of the Bang…. The basic idea behind inflation is that a repulsive form of gravity caused the universe to expand.

Now regarding the flatness of the universe, Guth further explains why the geometry of the universe is so close to Euclidean. According to Guth : “In the context of relativity, Euclidean geometry is not the norm; it’s an oddity. With general relativity, curved space is the generic case. …A large mass density would cause space to curve into a closed universe in the shape of a ball; if the mass density dominated, the universe would be a closed space with a finite volume and no edge. If a spaceship traveled in what it thought was a straight line for a long enough distance, it would end up back where it started from. In the alternative case, if the expansion dominated [i.e., inflation], the universe would be geometrically open. Geometrically open spaces have the opposite geometric properties from closed spaces. They’re infinite. In a closed space two lines which are parallel will start to converge; in an open space two lines which are parallel will start to diverge.”

This is exactly what we are seeing today and what is confirmed not only by inflation but also spoken of in the first verses of the first key of The Book of Knowledge: Keys of Enoch® that speaks of our being part of an “open-ended universe”. The second verse continues: “Being part of an open-ended universe, we are part of an open-ended mind; being part of an open-ended mind, we are part of an open-ended universal image.”