CHICAGO
CHICAGO, the great inland metropolis of America, is situated at the head of Lake Michigan, a location-,
which forever assures to it the commercial supremacy of the Great West. The astounding development of 1
this city is one of the most astonishing marvels of the age. A little unimportant meeting-place for voyagers
and traders in 1812, it has grown from year to year, like a mighty giant, until now it covers one hundred and
ninty square miles of territory, extends along the lake front for twenty-four miles, and is the second city in
population and importance in the United States, having, it is estimated over two millions of inhabitants.
In spite of the rapidity of its development and the disastrous fire of 1871, the well-paved streets and substan-
tial architecture of Chicago gives to the city the permanency and solidly of a much older community. The
streets and boulevards, over four thousand miles long, are paved for at least one-half their length.
The city is divided into three natural parts, known as the North Side, the South Side, and the West Side, by
the Chicago River and its branches. Sixty or more splendidly built bridges and several tunnels connect these
section,. The business center is the South Side and extends from the River to Twelfth Street. State, Clark,
Dearborn, La Salle and Market streets and Fifth and Wabash avenues are typical business streets upon which
there is an enormous diurnal traffic. The main avenues run parallel with the Lake, many equalling the length
of the city.
Chicago was originally built on a flat prairie, raised slightly above the lake, but with its development the
original sand and swamp have been elevated, and the lake front protected by various permanent structures.
North from Chicago Avenue the Lake Shore Drive and Lincoln Park are secured from the action of the waves
by a massive wall.
For many years Chicago was referred to as a typical American city inclined to put but little money and effort
in self-beautification but the last twenty-five years has seen a steady expansion of a great Park System comprising
some of the most delighful municipal breathing spots in America ; the erection of public buildings designed in
exquisite taste; and the adornment of public places with wonderful works of art from the most noted living
sculptors. Its great University, ideal Public Library, unsurpassed school system, beautiful churches and well-
equipped and endowed hospitals demonstrate the awakening of the people to the finer things of life a through
awakening which has made the name of Chicago famous throughout the world as a leader in municipal improve-
ment.
Jo America can doubt the ultimate destiny of this aggressive and progressive city to be its elevation to the
: place as the greatest metropolis of the Western Hemisphere.
Published by L. H. NELSON COMPANY, Portland, Maine
Proprietors of Nelson's International Series of Souvenir Books
Copyright, 1906, by ~L. H. Nelson Co.
DEARBORN STREET
I>earborn Street, the Sixth Avenue " of Chicago, is one of the city's leading retail business thoroughfares. Here are hank.s. hotels and cafes in confusing array.
It is also noted as a street of outfitters, haberdashers and stores of that type. Finer or handsomer businessyStructures are not to be found nn this continent. At
one end is Folk Street Depot; at the other, the Chicago River. Further to the north the street becomes Dearborn Avenue, a popular residential street ending at
Lincoln Park.
STATE STREET
State Street is the " Broadway of the West." Here are located the great department
stores. Upon a bright day its sidewalks swarin with shoppers and pleasure seekers.
Among the massive structures towering toward the sky are the Masonic Temple,
f aimer House and Columbus Memorial Building.
JACKSON BOULEVARD
Another of Chicago's famous streets. It is paved with asphalt and lined with sub-
stantial buildings. The striking facade of the Chicago Board of Trade and the new
Post Office Building adorn this thoroughfare. Somo portions of Jackson Boulevard
resemble the great canyons of lower Manhattan.
HAYMARKET SQUARE
Haymarkct Square is noted the world over as the scene of the anarchistic outrage on tlie night of May 4, 18!%, when abnnili was hurled into the midst of a number
of policemen who were attempting to disperse a disorderly crowd. In the center of the square stands a statue of a policeman with uplifted hand, erected to the
memory of the officers who perished that night. This location was formerly a hay market, but in recent years has become a great produce market. In the early
morning it is one of the busiest centers in Chicago.
CLARK STREET
Clark Street resembles no other street in the world. Even "The Bowery" lacks many of its fascinating peculiarities. Types of every nation on the earth may
he found on this cosmopolitan thoroughfare. Nearly every other building is a " hotel " or a lodging house. Chinatown is located here and the odor of burning
opium is even now not unfamiliar in that quarter. Ticket scalpers, cheap restaurants, labor agencies and museums with their horrors, make the street a most
attractive one to the passing sightseer.
CITY HALL, AND COOK COUNTY COURT HOUSE
The administrative offices of the city of Chicago and the court-rooms and offices of Cook Count}', Illinois, are in this massive building which occupies the entire
square bounded by Washington, Clark, La Salle and Randolph streets. It was five years in building and cost six million dollars. The heavy style of architecture
gives a mistaken impression of solidity and permanency, as the structure has begun to show signs of decay. Provision for a new building has been made by the
County Board, which will probably be constructed on this site.
THE POST OFFICE
The new Post Office Building, one of the most magnificent postal structures in the United States, is located in a square formed by Adams, Clark and Dearborn
streets and Jackson Boulevard. The delay in its completion caused many spirited controversies. From this great central station radiate forty-seven carrier
stations, four stations without carriers, and two hundred sub-stations, in all employing 1,C33 clerks, 1,400 carriers and collectors. The annual receipts aggregate
alMmt $10,1100,000 and more than 60,000 tons of mail are handled each year.
THE PUBLIC LIBRARY
Chicago's Public Library building bears the reputation of l>eing one of the Hnest library structures in the world. The interior is exquisitely finished in marble,
mother-of-pearl and onyx. It is situated on Michigan Avenue between Randolph and Washington streets, and commands a view of Lake Michigan. Upon its
shelves are more than three hundred thousand volumes. Here the sewing girl and the society women meet on a common level and the millionaire and tramp
brush Blliows. The institution is maintained at an annual cost of over one hundred thousand dollars.
AET INSTITUTE
This structure Htamls on the lake front facing Michigan Avenue, near the foot of \ 1 1,1 in- Street and was erected in 1803 at a cost of S78.5.000. It contains a rare
collection of paintings, statuary and other objects of art. Many wealthy Chicagoans take especial pride in this institution and have enriched it by their liberal
gifts. It is open to the public on Wednesdays, Saturdays, Sundays and holidays. Schools of art and design are maintained here by the city.
FIRST REGIMENT ARMORY, I. N. G.
The First Regiment Armory, located on Michigan Avenue at Sixteenth Street, is a
massive structure of stone and brick and ranks with the finest armory buildings of
the country. The interior is equipped with every facility for the instruction and
comfort of the militiamen. The cost of the building, $.V)0,000, was raised by public
subscription.
THE COLISEUM
When the old Coliseum building at Fifty-third Street was destroyed by lire this new
structure was erected on Wabash Avenue. The original intention was to use it f"r
the accommodation of conventions, etc., but it has been devoted largely to indoor
sports in recent years. Great circus shows are an annual winter event.
BOARD OF TRADE BUILDING
The Board of Trade Building at the the head of La Salle Street on ,T;ickson Boulevard has been the scene of some of the most stupendous trading operations in the
history of speculation. Here Kd Partridge is said to have made one million dollar** in one day, probably to lose an equal amount on the next: " Old Hutch "
startled the world by the magnitude of his transactions for a time, and Joseph Letter met a Waterloo in his great wheat deal. Sharp turns in the market are the
signal for the wildest confusion, and often pandemonium reigns supreme. The scenes may be witnessed from the galleries by visitors. Most of the big deals are
in wheat, pork and lard.
CHICAGO RAILROAD STATIONS
Chicago is the premier railroad renter of the world. The bulk of the traffic hetween the East and the far West passes through the city. The fine terminal stations
located here are unsurpassed anywhere in the country. They have been built with particular reference to the needs of the traveling public and to the expeditious
handling nf a great and steady volume of traffic.
ARMOUR ELEVATOR
The Armour grain elevator is the largest in the city, and belongs to the millionaire meat packer. The owner is noted for his great wheat operations on the Board
of Trade. The vast quantities of the actual product in this immense elevator have often been able to turn the market in his favor. The elevator is located on
Goose Island in the Chicago River. The combined capacity of the Chicago elevator warehouses is thirty-one million bushels.
MONTGOMERY WARD * COMPANY BUILDING
The headquarter* of one of the largest mail order concerns in the world, located on
Michigan Avenue and Madison Street. The structure enjoys the distinction of being
the highest in Chicago. All orders come to Montgomery Ward & Compunylby mail,
and sales are not otherwise made.
STOCK EXCHANGE
The Chicago Stock Exchange Building is located at the corner of Washington and
La Salle streets, diagonally across from City Hall. It is one of the largest office
structures in the city. The exchange is on the second floor. Here a large volume
of speculative business is done every day in the week, except Sundays and holidays.
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MASONIC TKMPLK
The Masonic Temple, situated at the corner of Randolph and State streets, is two
hundred and sixty -live feet high. The number of its tenants would be sufficient to
}><>|)tilate a fair si/nl village. Although not owned by the Masonic Order, several
lodges meet here, paying an annual rental for the privilege. It. contains fourteen
passenger and two freight elevators.
WOMAN'S TEMPLE
The Woman's Temple, at the corner of Monroe and La Salle streets, stands as a
monument to the untiring temperance workers of Chicago. It is twelve stories high
and contains three hundred offices. The building is a fire-proof structure of steel,
granite and terra cotta, and was built by the W. C. T. U. at a cost of $1,500.000.
:
CARSON, PIRIE, SCOTT & COMPANY BUILDING
One of the largest department stores on State Street is that of Carson, Fine, Scott ,
Company. For years it was located in the building here shown, diagonally across the
city from the Marshall Field store. The concern recently removed to more ample
quarters in a new structure at the comer of Madison and State streets.
THE ROOKERY
When the great fire of 1871 destroyed the City Hall at the corner of La Salle and
Adams streets a temporary building erected on the site was jokingly called "The
Rookery." The twelve story building erected later upon this spot retained the name
of " The Rookery." It Is built of gray granite and fire proof brick.
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MONADNOCK BUILDING
This building presents the appearance of being the most substantial structure in
Chicago. 'It occupies the entire block bounded by Jackson Boulevard, Clark, Dear-
born and Van Buren streets. Several of the railroad systems have their general
offices here. Seven thousand persons are employed within its walls
RAILWAY EXCHANGE HUILDING
This edifice is numbered among the handsomest office buildings in the city. It is
located on Michigan Avenue, near the Art Institute, overlooking Lake Michigan.
The structure is devoted to office purposes, being designed especially for the accom-
modation of railroad headquarters.
MICHIGAN AVENUE, SHOWING THE 'AUDITORIUM
Michigan Avenue lies along the lake front and is a favorite driveway. No obstructing buildings lie between it and the lake and the cool breezes make it a most
inviting thoroughfare on a warm day. The Auditorium Building, one of the largest in the whole country, covering an area of sixty-two thousand feet, is located
between Congress Street and Wabash Avenue. The Auditorium Hotel is one of the best appointed in the world. The splendid stage of the Auditorium is
modeled after that in the opera house of Buda-Pesth.
CORNER OF STATE AND WASHINGTON STREETS, SHOWING THE MARSHALL FIELD ESTABLISHMENT
Marshall Field's retail dry goods store, the largest in the world, is located at the corner of Stole and Washington streets. The great Field store extends along
State Street to the next block. On the corner fronting the pedestrian from almost any angle, hangs a huge clock which an enterprising person has figured is
sought for the time 107 ,516 times a day.
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SIEOEL, COOPER & COMPANY
This is another of the mammoth department stores of Chicago; universally known as " The Big Store." Almost every commodity of commerce ranging from soap
to diamonds is sold over the counters of this immense business institution. It requires a corps of nearly two thousand employees to attend to the wants of
customers. Siege), Cooper .\ Company have stores also in New York and Boston.
ILLINOIS TRUST AND SAVINr.S BANK
The Illinois Trust anil Savings Bank at the corner of Jackson Boulevard and La Palle Street, is one of the oldest and most stable institutions in the city,
architecture of the building is particularly attractive, although the surrounding skyscrapers dwarf its really line proportions,
the Bank of England.
The
It is said I" I" 4 an exact model of
CHICAGO RIVER
The Chicago River formerly emptied into Lake Michigan, but with the digging of the drainage canal, the current was reversed and the waters now find their way
into thefMississippi, much to the disgust of St. Louis, transforming the once ill-smelling stream into a clean river. It is narrow and deep, but easily entered by
the largest lake steamers. The question of lowering the strfet car tunnels which pass under the river, to obtain a still greater depth, has been an issue at
several city elections.
WHALEBACK, "CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS"
Tbe largest exclusively excursion steamer in tbe world. It makes daily trips to
Milwaukee and return through the season. This great boat is tilted with every
modern convenience and can carry four thousand passengers. It is built in " whale-
back" style and is three hundred and sixty-two feet in length.
HALSTEAD STREET LIFTING BRIDGE
Most of the bridges spanning the Chicago River turn to permit the passage of
steamers, but the Halstead Street bridge lifts, being supported by iron framework.
When the bell sounds to give warning, the bridge rises with whoever or whatever
may be upon it at the time.
STOCK YARDS AND TOWER
All visitors to Chicago are sure to include a trip to the celebrated stock yards during their sojoxirn in the city. Thousands of head of cattle are slaughtered
liere daily. The cattle are housed in hundreds of pons covering three hundred and twenty acres. The problem of supplying this immense aiea with water was
solved by the building of a great tower, from which it is distributed among the pens.
STOCK YARDS AND 1'ACKINCTOWN IN DISTANCE
Beyond the pens at the stock yards, lies I'ackingtown, where the slaughtered meats are prepared for the markets of the world. It is here that several of the
famous millionaires of Chicago made their great fortunes. One noted packing; firm killed 71'2, cattle, 1,714,000 hogs, and nearly . r i(IO,(iOO sheep in a single year.
The meat sales aggregated SI;I:.IIO.INI.
THE PALMKR HOUSE
This famous botel, at the corner of State and Monroe streets, was built shortly after the great tire by Potter Palmer, to whose estate it now belongs. Many great
political deals were consummated within its walls, and its name is known from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
CHIGAGO CLUBS
Chicago is noted for the number of her wealthy clubs. Among these are " The Chicago," located in the brownstone^buildlng on Michigan Avenue in the center of
the city; "The Calumet," Twenty-second Street and Michigan Avenue; "The Union," and " The Standard," the leading Jewish club of the city. Many unmar-
ried business men make their homes in these clubs.
COOK COUNTY HOSPITA1,
The O><>k County Hospital, the largest of the public charities of Chicago, occupies twelve acres on Wpst Harrison and I'olk streets. The main building is a hand-
some edifice of red brick with stone trimmings and contains twenty-four wards each devoted to a separate class of disease. Any patient without money is taken
at this hospital and receives as good treatment as if he were wealthy. Other structures are a detention hospital, a building devoted to contagious diseases, and
a uiorgue.
THE WATER TOWER
The North Water Works are situated on Chicago Avenue near the lake shore. Here a stone tower, one hundred and sixty feet high, receives water from the lake
forced by four engines having a pumping capacity of ninety-nine million gallons dally. The water is conveyed to the tower through a brick tunnel Hve feet in
diameter which extends two miles out and under the lake surface.
Cobb Hall Kelly Hall
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO BUILDINGS
Tbe University of Chicago was founded by John D. Rockefeller and opened in October, 1892. It is beautifully situated near the lake front on the south side, and
carries nearly five thousand students on its rolls. One of the first buildings erected was Cobb Lecture Hall, built in 1892, a gift of Silas It Cobb who gave $222,000
for the purpose. Another of the noted buildings of the University of Chicago is Kelly Hall. It was the gift Mrs. Elizabeth Kelly, a wealthy woman of Chicago,
and cost f 63,000.
RYERSON PHYSICAL LABORATORY
The Ryerson Physical Laboratory is a memorial to Martin A. Ryerson, an old resident
of Chicago. In the design and construction of this building no element of utility
has been omitted. An effort was made to include all the desirable features of a first
class physical laboratory.
THE HASKELL ORIENTAL MUSEUM
The Haskell Oriental Museum is one of the most striking buildings of the group
of twenty-five or thirty comprised in the University of Chicago. It is the repository
of one of the finest Oriental collections in the United States, and was erected in 1896
at a cost of over $100,000 by Mrs. Caroline E. Haskell .
3 Church of Christ Saentu
TYl'ICAL CHICAGO CHURCH EDIFICES
Chicago is by no means an irreligious city. Here are to be found about eight hnmlred church buildings representing every shade of religious thought. The
ecclesiastical architecture of the city is marked by a pleasing variety, and is unusually well-built. The religious bodies of Chicagoiure strong, prosperous and
progressive.
Zion Synagogue Jewish Temple
TYPICAL CHURCH EDIFICES Scoville Institute
Unlike older cities the houses devoted to religiou-s worship are not in the business center or along any of the great avenues of trade. The Bnptists have seventy
churches and twenty missions ; Congregationalists seventy-nine churches and twenty missions; Episcopalians forty-seven churches and six missions; (ierman
Protestant fifty-six; Jewish Congregations thirty-four; Lutherans sixty-nine; Methodist Episcopalians ninety-three; Presbyterians srventy-one, and Roman
Catholics one hundred and thirty -five.
DREXEL BOULEVARD AND FORTY -THIRD STREET
One of the prettiest corners in the city is at Drcxel Boulevard and Forty-third Street.
Between the two driveways is a veritable park of trees and plants forming a refresh-
ing spectacle for the residents of the neighliorhood.
MICHIGAN AVENUE
A portion of Michigan Avenue showing the solid style of architecture in the resi-
dential section of that splendid street.
PRAIRIE AND MICHIGAN AVENUES
Prairie and Michigan avenues are the homes of more millionaires than any other two streets in the city, including; such men as Marshall Field, Frank O. Lowden,
the late Potter Palmer and others. Both streets are rather wide and very well-kept.
Equestrian I'ark GRAND BOl'LEVARD Head of the Driveway
One of the prettiest residential streets in Chicago is the Grand Boulevard. At the head of the driveway at Thirty-fifth Street stands a large fountain where
horses as well as persons may refresh themselves. The Equestrian I'ark is laid between two rows of overshadowing trees. Its use is limited to lovers of horse-
b avk exercise.
THE LAKE SHORE DRIVE
The Lake Shore Drive is the ultra fashionable district of Chicago. It extends along the hike* front on the North Side On a fine day the Drive presents on animated
scene. Society women in their magnificent equipages invariably choose this street for their afternoon carriage drive. On the right is the shore of the lake with
its curling breakers; on the left the beautiful grounds MM! lagoon of Lincoln Park.
THE ARMOUR RESIDENCE
One of the handsomest residences in Chicago is that of J. Ogden Armour, tbe
millionaire meat packer. It is located on Michigan Avenue in the heart of the
fashionable district. It has been the scene of many brilliant social functions.
THE PALMER RESIDENCE
The magnificent brownstone residence of the late Potter Palmer is on the Lake
Shore Drive. It is modeled after the style of the old world castles. Mrs. Palmer si ill
makes it her home when in Chicago. Many social festivities have occured in this
beautiful residence.
THE WORLD'S FAIR GLOBE
During the World's Fair. Jackson Park was beautified by a novel scheme of garden-
ing. Plants and flowers were grown in the shape of great globes. The same style has
been adopted in Washington Park, and the illustation shows one of the World's Fair
globes located there.
WASHINGTON PARK DRIVE
Washington Park Drive is one the finest speedways in Chicago. It is located'on the
south side adjoiningjWashington 1'ark and many fine equipages jnay ^be seen there
on a pleasant day.
WASHINGTON PARK CLUB HOUSK, AND " DERBY DAY "
The most notable of racing tracks in Chicago is at Washington Park, especially famous for its "Derby Day," usually run some Saturday in June. This event
attracts from.seventy-tive thousand to one hundred thousand people, and the splendid turn-outs of beauty and fashion and gay equipages rival in interest the
great racing event itself. The driving park, one of the best in the country, is located at Sixty-first Street and South.I'ark Avenue.
GARFIKLD PARK
Garfleld Park is the chief and most interesting of the West Side parks. It embraces one hundred and eight-five acres, including seventeen acres of artificial
lake surface. Here are boat-houses, refreshment pavilions, a mineral well nnd very interesting floral conservatories. Free band concerts arc constantly given in
the summer.
THE FIELD MUSEUM
The Art Building of the famous World's Fair of 1893, is the only one of the white structures preserved in Jackson 1'ark. It had its beginnings as a permanent
institution from the contributions of rare articles by exhibitors at the Exposition. It was first intended to be called The Columbian Museum," but on an en-
dowment of one million dollars from Marshall Held, its name was changed to " The Field Columbian Museum." It has a course of popular lectures, an estab-
lished series of publications and several scientific expeditions have been sent out to augment the collections of the museum. A new site has been obtained on
the lake front and Mr. Field has donated ten million dollars for the purpose of erecting the finest museum structure in the world.
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FREE BATHING TOOL
One of the most beneficent of Chicago's charities is the puMic bathing system, a comparatively recent institution. The liaths are spacious anil well-equipped and the best
evidence of their importance is found in the numbers resorting daily to their use. They are open and free to all. The Carter H. Harrison Hath at Wi Mather Street is noted
for its especially large patronage,
LINCOLN PARK
Lincoln Park is two miles north of the city, lying between North Clark Street and the lake. It contains three hundred and twenty acres, with ten miles of driv-
ways, and has a lake frontage of one and one-half mile*. It contains the only zoological garden in Chicago. There is a lagoon here and several small lakes upon
which water lilies grow in luxuriant profusion.
STATUES IN LINCOLN PARK
Lincoln Park is adorned by a number of very notable monuments. Chief among these is a splendid memorial to Abraham Lincoln, executed by St. ( iaudens ; a
striking equestrian figure of (irant, surmounting an artistic base beneath which is a driveway ; and an imposing statue of the great Washington.
CHICAGO STATUES
The citv contains many sculptured works of art of rare valxie. The most centrally located of the great statues is that of General John A. Logan in Lake Front
1'ark. The La Salle Monument and the Ryeraon Monument arc located in Lincoln Park.
CHICAGO STATUES
One of the most imposing monuments in the city is that of Stephen A. Douglass located in the little park of that name on the lake front at the foot of Thirty-
fifth Street. The remains of the great statesman lie beneath it. A fountain structure surmounted by a bronze statue of Christopher Columbus, six feet high,
was given to the city by John G. Drake and is known as the Drake Drinking Fountain. It stands in front of the Washington Street facade of City Hall and with
base rises to thirty-two feet. A noble monument to the memory of Hans Christian Andersen, the great Danish story-teller, is^ocated in Humboldt Park on the
west side.
CCUPfCS THE SITE OF 01
ORT DEARBORN, WHICH EXTENDED A LITT
CRCSS MICH. AYE. AND SOMEWHAT WTO THE
RIVER AS IT HOW IS.
THE FORT WAS Bl'IlT IN 1803 &. 4. FORMING
OUR OUTMOST DEFENSE.
BY ORDER OF CEN. Hl'Vl IT WAS EVACUATED AUG.
15,1812. AFTER ITS STORES AND PROVISIONS
HAD BEEN DISTRIBUTED AMONG THE INDIANS.
VERY SOON AFTER.THE INDIANS ATTACKED AND
MASSACRED AEOI T FIFT* OF THE TROOPS AND
A NUMBER OF CITIZEN. INCLUDING WOMEN AND
CHILDREN AWC NEXT CAY BURNED THE FCRT.
IN 1816 IT WAS RE-Ev'.T.El'T AFTER THE BLACK-
HAWK WAR IT WF.NT INTO GRADUAL DISUSE AllO
W HAY 1837 wS ABANDONED BY THE ARMY. BUT
HKS occur IEC B V VARTUS CSVIRNMENT OFFICERS
TILll?57 WHtNlT WtSTCRNDCWN.tXCtPTINC A
STCCO UPON T
37
FORT DEARBORN MEMORIALS
The Massacre Monument is a beautiful work of sculpture erected em the very spot where the garrison of Fort Dearborn was treacherously attacked by Indians.
The group represents, " Black Partridge Saving Mrs Helm," a heroic incident of the massacre. It was erected by the late George M. i'ullman. near whose resi-
dence it stands, at Eighteenth Street and Prairie Avenue. The site of Fort Dearborn itself is marked by a marble slab set in a building near the south end of the
Rush Street Bridge.