A heterogeneous sensor system to determine the ethanol concentration in ethanol-water solution is demonstrated. The system consists of an optical-fiber refractometric transducer based on a long-period grating and a pair of ultrasonic transducers in transmission-reception mode, connected to a stand-alone electronic board for data acquisition, storage, and signal preprocessing. To implement a cohere...
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This paper focuses on direction finding of a signal source using time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) measurements at a 3-D acoustic sensor array. Two evolutionary computation methods are proposed to solve the direction finding problem, which are the genetic algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Sound speed is used in the development of the algorithms, which is estimated based on o...
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A new adaptive scheme for joint time delay and frequency estimation of two sinusoidal signals that are received at two spatially separated sensors is proposed in this paper. The proposed method is based on adding a new mechanism to the existing structure of a second-order generalized integrator. The main feature of the proposed algorithm, which makes it distinguished from some similar works and ap...
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A conceptual framework is proposed in which measurement development is envisioned as a three-level hierarchically structured process constituted of stages, each one composed of activities performed through multiple tasks. The underlying assumptions are that the measurement is a designed-on-purpose process and the resources it requires should be justified on a pragmatic basis. The usefulness of the...
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3-D coordinate transformation, which is based on aligning two sets of common reference points, is frequently applied in large-scale combined measurement to unify coordinate frames and tie individual measurement systems together. However, it introduces uncertainty into the final measurement results. This uncertainty must be quantified to make the results complete. This paper presents a novel approa...
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A carrier phase anomaly detection and validation method is proposed for precise vehicle positioning in dynamic environments. Given that carrier phase measurement is affected by satellite and user dynamics as well as unexpected anomalies, we propose four sequential processes to detect and identify an anomaly: 1) dynamics separation; 2) anomaly detection; 3) validation; and 4) position domain test. ...
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This paper describes an eight-channel differential pulse generator based on a fast differential bipolar transistor output stage. It has been designed specifically to test new multichannel time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) instruments, while maintaining a wide range of regulation possibilities in terms of frequency, amplitude, delay, and duty cycle. The input signal for each channel ca...
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This paper presents a method for the prediction of NOx emissions in a biomass combustion process through the combination of flame radical imaging, contourlet transform and Zernike moment (CTZM), and least squares support vector regression (LS-SVR) modeling. A novel feature extraction technique based on the CTZM algorithm is developed. The contourlet transform provides the multiscale dec...
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Face recognition still is a challenging task since face images may be affected by changes in the scene, such as in head pose, face expression, or illumination. In addition, face pattern representation often requires several dimensions, which poses additional challenges for face recognition. We propose a novel face recognition method based on projections of high-dimensional face image representatio...
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People tracking based on multisensor information fusion is addressed. A framework is presented for fusing the laser range finder (LRF) data and the monocular camera data. Based on this framework, an LRF-based detection algorithm is proposed to identify the pairs of human legs, by combining motion information and metric features. Moreover, a geometric observation model is developed for the camera t...
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An accurate noninvasive estimation of mean arterial pressure (MAP) is of great importance in the evaluation of circulatory function and prognosis of some cardiovascular diseases. This paper proposes a novel oscillometric MAP estimation method based on the dependence of pulse transit time (PTT) on cuff pressure (CP). The PTT computed as the time interval between the electrocardiogram (ECG) R-peaks ...
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A newly developed tissue diagnostic method, based on label-free near-infrared (NIR) polarimetric reflectance imaging for the classification of histopathological samples of lung cancer cells, is presented. The design, calibration, and testing of an automated NIR polarimetric imaging system, with emphasis on lung cancer detection, are put forward in detail. The described electro-optical imaging pola...
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Autonomous aerial refueling (AAR) is an important capability of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for further applications in both military and civilian domains. This paper focuses on the description and comparison of visual measurement strategies in the simulation environment of AAR of UAVs. The visual measurement methods are employed for pose estimation between tanker and UAV receiver aircrafts. W...
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A noncontact measuring method has been proposed to measure the micronewton meter-order output microtorque of micromotors to overcome the problem of large measurement errors caused by temperature, vibration, friction, and the flow of air. Physical model of this method is built according to Newton's third law and the electromagnetic theory. To realize this method, an apparatus named noncontact micro...
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By treating the inductive coupling probes and the electrical system to be monitored as three cascaded two-port ABCD networks, the in-circuit impedance of the electrical system can be extracted with ease. The proposed method simplifies the setup calibration and allows real-time impedance monitoring of critical electrical system to be implemented without interrupting its normal operating conditions....
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A new method for the characterization of integrated circuits immunity is presented in this paper. The substantial evolution of the resistive radio frequency injection probe (RFIP) test method is introduced. Measurement setup characterization is discussed along with the technique's limitations. The method is also validated through different measurements, particularly on an analog-to-digital convert...
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We describe the preliminary evaluation of the frequency corrections and their uncertainty in the cesium fountain primary frequency standard (PFS) NMIJ-F2 under development at National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ). In NMIJ-F2, cold atoms generated from a vapor-loaded optical molasses in the (001) configuration are optically pumped to the Zeeman sublevels of mF = 0 to increase the ...
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This paper describes the realization of a sensor capable of measuring the volume of a drop in free fall. The sensor realized is made of a simple low-cost red laser and a photodiode and optics to focus the beam on the light sensor. In this way, when the drop is falling down, it is possible to estimate its volume from the signal generated on the photodiode while getting through the laser beam. This ...
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Position and orientation of indoor mobile robots must be obtained real timely during operation in structured industrial environment, so as to ensure the security and efficiency of cargo transportation and assembly precision. But for such a large-scale space, only 2-D coordinates and heading angle of the mobile robot can be measured with a relatively low precision in current major methods. This pap...
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Surface defects on precision optical elements must be carefully inspected since they impact the normal operation of an optical system. It is a challenge to inspect defects of large-aperture optical elements using an imaging system because of efficiency and accuracy. This paper designs a novel and effective inspection instrument with two imaging systems for large-aperture optical elements. They are...
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The transfer characteristics of the RF front-end circuitry of a real-time oscilloscope (RTO) are not only frequency dependent and nonlinear with signal amplitude but also dependent on the voltage range setting of the oscilloscope. A correction table in the frequency domain is proposed to account for the additional gain and delay introduced when switching between different voltage ranges. The table...
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Bellows is an elastic-type pressure sensor used as a local indicator in industry. Transmission of bellows reading to a remote location in control room is very important in pressure measurement and control system in industry. In this paper, the design of a noncontact pressure transducer along with a transmitting unit using bellows as the primary sensing element and a Hall sensor as secondary sensin...
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A simple method for measuring the thickness of metal films based on eddy-current sensors (ECSs) immune to distance variation is proposed. The slope of the lift-off curve (LOC) in the RL impedance plane is a good feature for characterizing target thickness independent of lift-off distance variation. A simple equivalent model was built to deal with the ECS problem, and the essential relationship bet...
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Aims & Scope

Papers are sought that address innovative solutions to the development and use of electrical and electronic instruments and equipment to measure, monitor and/or record physical phenomena for the purpose of advancing measurement science, methods, functionality and applications.