Article Figures & Data

Figures

Leiomyoma formation in ovariectomized guinea pigs. Exposure to E2 Silastic implants formed tumors
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mainly on the abdominal wall (a and b), whereas treatment with E2 and either an atRA or 9cRA implant formed tumors
(8)
in the uterine horns (c and d); in c, the scale is in cm.

Summary of immunoblot quantitation for PPARγ and RXRα, expressed as the mean ratio of leiomyoma to myometrium, relative to the phase of the menstrual cycle; Ps were obtained by the paired t test of densitometry data (those shown in Figs. 2
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and 3
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). Bars, SE.

Representative Northern blots for PPARγ (a, 1.4 kb), α-desmin (b and d, 2.3 kb), and RXRα (c, 4.8 kb) in human leiomyomata (L) and matched myometrial (M) samples; 2–4 μg of mRNA were loaded per lane. Uteri 1 and 2 were in the follicular phase of the cycle, and uteri 3 and 4 were in the luteal phase of the cycle, respectively. These uteri are different from those in Figs. 2
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and 3
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. Bar graph, ratios of L:M values (means) normalized to desmin; numbers inside the columns indicate the total number of uteri tested; *, P < 0.002 by the paired t test, between L and M normalized levels. Bars, SE.

Immunoblots for PPARγ (a, antibody ABR-821 from Affinity Bioreagents) and RXRα (b, antibody SC-553 from Santa Cruz Biotechnology) of representative extracts of leiomyomata (Leio) and cross-sections of uterine horn (Horn; cut as outlined by the box in Fig. 7d<$REFLINK>
) from guinea pigs treated solely with Tro (Lane 1), with a combination of Tro, E2, and atRA (Lanes 2 and 4), a combination of Tro, E2, and 9cRA (Lane 3), or with Tro and E2 (Lane 5), as described in the text. a′ and b′, band intensities of PPARγ and RXRα, respectively, normalized to equal protein (50 μg)/lane.

Proposed pathways for the development and growth of uterine leiomyomata. a, pathways of leiomyoma induction in ovariectomized guinea pigs. b, proposed inducers of spontaneous human uterine leiomyomata that are expressed at significantly higher levels in leiomyoma than myometrium only during the estrogen-dominated follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. In guinea pigs (a), E2, atRA, and 9cRA were given via s.c. Silastic implants, and Tro was given p.o.