Stephen IV, sometimes called Stephen V, Roman Catholic Pope from June 816 to January 817, succeeded Pope Leo III. He did not continue Leo's policy, which was more favorable to the clergy than to the lay aristocracy. Immediately after his consecration he ordered the Roman people to swear fidelity to the emperor Louis the Pious, to whom he found it prudent to betake himself personally in the following August. After the coronation of Louis at Reims in October -- important in history as the second such coronation by a Pope, continuing an affiliation between the Holy Roman Empire and the papacy started with Charlemagne -- he returned to Rome, where he died in the beginning of the following year. His successor was Pope Paschal I.