Information Technology in India

Information Technology in India - setup, history and present day situation Share

India is one of the great standup country in the field of science and technology. every year india produces more than 500 thousands engineers. No doubt it is a bulk producers of scientists and technologists.

Information Technology remain the backbone of the economical growth of India. and you can see it from the observed facts of exports. The share of IT in exports has increased by 17% from 1990 to 2001. IT based sectors such as Backoffice, remote maintainence, accounting, public service, medical, insurence and other bulk processiong fields are rapidly expending. Indian companies such as HCL, WIPRO, INFOSYS, TCS are today's tough competitors for the other IT organizations.

History of Information Technology in India

The setup of IT in India was done by the Tata group in association with the Burroughs at Mumbai in 1967. The first software export zone SEEPZ was setup in 1973 this was what we can call the old avatar of the IT parks. at that time 80% of india's software were exported from there.

The indian government baughtEVSEM computers from soviat unions in 1968 which was used in big organizations only for the technological and scientific researchs. After the freedom of india in aug 1947 it was an economically beleaguered country. but due to the efforts of PM late. sir Jawaharlal Nehru india very repidly become a wide scientific work-field, such big that it was ranked 3rd after the USA and Soviat Unions.

But due to the production of more engineers then country can consume the number of emigrants increased and this supported forigen countries to get a large step ahead from india. The most of the helping hands in the US's scientific and technological improvement was Indian, in association with the california's silicon valley.

During this time the creation of new organization was in progress. with enhancement of IT in india some well known groups stood-up some of...

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...Evolution of InformationTechnology and its Emergence in India
ITM-IB PP6
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
InformationTechnology today is what runs businesses worldwide. It is what drives the industries and is an irreplaceable element of our routine lives. But where did it all begin? Why has it gained so much importance over time, so much so that we study an entire subject on it?
Through this paper we have traced the path of evolution of IT from its nascent stages, globally as well as from the Indian perspective. We have tried to take into account the tremendous growth of the IT sector in India and single out the advantages faced by the Indian IT sector. We have also looked into the performance of the Indian IT industry and its derivatives.
This paper gives a basic snapshot of the current Indian IT industry scenario and its growth prospects. It also mentions the challenges faced by the Indian IT industry, the role of the current big players and the importance of the emerging smaller players.
What is Information?
Information is processed data that is meaningful to the recipient and helps in making current and progressive decisions.
What is InformationTechnology?
1. Command + Parameters
2. Set of Instructions in a logical sequence
3. Set of related programs
4. Application...

...InformationTechnology
Poised to become a US$ 225 billion industry by 2020, the Indian informationtechnology (IT) industry has played a key role in putting India on the global map. The IT-BPO sector has become one of the most significant growth catalysts for the Indian economy. In addition to fuelling India’s economy, this industry is also positively influencing the lives of its people through an active direct and indirect contribution to various socio-economic parameters such as employment, standard of living and diversity. The industry has played a significant role in transforming India’s image from a slow moving bureaucratic economy to a land of innovative entrepreneurs and a global player in providing world class technology solutions and business services, according to National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM).
The sector is estimated to have grown by 19 per cent in the FY2011, clocking revenue of almost US$ 76 billion. India’s outsourcing industry has witnessed a rebound and registered better than expected growth according to NASSCOM.
The export revenues are estimated to have aggregated to US$ 59 billion in FY2011 and contributed 26 per cent as its share in total Indian exports (merchandise plus services), according to a research report ‘IT-BPO Sector in India: Strategic Review 2011’, published by NASSCOM. The workforce in Indian...

...﻿History of IT industry in India:
Early History
The IT revolution in USA and the much fancied Silicon Valley in the US during the 80s and 90s could not have been possible without the work of migrated Indians. What this migration did for the Indian IT industry was creating innumerable opportunities in the USA in the IT sector. India had a huge number of educated and English speaking technically strong people. Hence outsourcing of work started gaining momentum and this led to the huge boom in the IT sector in India.
Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) was started by the TATA group for software development services in India in 1968. In 1981, Infosys was founded by Narayana Murthy and his colleagues. Infosys was completely committed towards providing quality software services and also developed an IT business model which was later followed by most of the IT companies in India.
Economic reforms in 1991 and development of IT sector in India
The Indian government had strict control over the private business entities in India before liberalization of economy in 1991. The first major IT reform by the Indian Government was the creation of corporation called Software Technology Parks of India (STPI). This corporation provided satellite links to major IT developers enabling them to transmit the work done in India directly abroad. As a result, the IT...

...The Indian InformationTechnology industry accounts for a 5.19% of the country's GDP and export earnings as of 2009
More than 2.5 million people are employed in the sector either directly or indirectly
one of the biggest job creators in India and a mainstay of the national economy. In 2010-11,
annual revenues from IT-BPO sector is estimated to have grown over US$76 billion compared to China with $35.76 billion and Philippines with $8.85 billion
The National Informatics Centre was established in March 1975. The inception of The Computer Maintenance Company (CMC) followed in October 1976. Between 1977-1980 the country's InformationTechnology companies Tata Infotech, Patni Computer Systems and Wipro had become visible. The 'microchip revolution' of the 1980s had convinced both Indira Gandhi and her successor Rajiv Gandhi that electronics and telecommunications were vital to India's growth and development.
Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) introduced Gateway Electronic Mail Service in 1991, the 64 kbit/s leased line service in 1992, and commercial Internet access on a visible scale in 1992. Election results were displayed via National Informatics Centre's NICNET.
India is now one of the biggest IT capitals in the modern world.
The economic effect of the technologically inclined services sector in India—accounting for 40% of the country's GDP and 30% of export...

...providers, MNC's and domestic firms have recognised the potential of the home market and have developed strategies exclusively for the domestic market according to a research by Gartner.
Growth
The Indian informationtechnology sector continues to be one of the sunshine sectors of the Indian economy showing rapid growth and promise. Though worldwide IT budgets are expected to increase by 3.3 per cent in 2008, slightly higher than 2007, the Indian firms would report stronger-than-average IT budget increases of around 13 per cent, according to Gartner.
* India's software and services exports are expected to reach US$ 40.8 billion whereas the domestic market is expected to touch US$ 23.2 billion dollars in FY08 as per the 'Strategic Review 2008' by IT industry body Nasscom.
* With small and mid sized businesses driven by the increased use of technology the country's information and communication technology market is estimated to grow 20.3 per cent annually to reach US$ 24.3 billion by 2011.
* A survey carried out to assist business heads of major outsourcers to identify reliable, innovative and tech savvy firms had listed twenty-nine India based companies amongst the best 100 IT service providers including Tata Consultancy Services, HCL Technologies, Genpact, and WNS Global Services amongst others.
According to the global infotech analyst International...

...Competitor Case Study -
HCL Technologies
Submitted by:
Farah Aijaz
PGP20121663
SUMMARY
HCL has grown faster than Indian IT Industry during the last decade.While HCL growth was lagging behind Indian IT Industry growth during the first half of the decade, HCL came back strongly during the second half of the decade. During the first half of the decade, HCL revenues grew at a 5-year CAGR of 30% from $207mn in FY2000 to $764mn in FY2005. While HCL Technologies (HCL) was rising at 30% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) from 2000 to 2005; its competitors were performing even better. Between 2005 and 2010, HCL’s new CEO, Vineet Nayar, started on with an all-out effort to change the systems integrator into a high-performing organization. A major Indian IT services company, initiated a radical new strategy, “Employee First, Customer Second” (EFCS) in 2005. The ultimate strategic goals for EFCS were to build a unique employee organization, drive an inverted organizational structure, construct transparency and accountability within the organization, and inspire a value-driven culture. Nayar’s efforts started with a simple idea: By putting employees first. HCL could create a culture that attracted and sustained creative employees. HCL altered its business by practicing radical transparency and increasing the autonomy/power of individual development teams. HCL also changed its traditional organizational pyramid on its head by building...

...﻿
InformationTechnology in India:
A look into how the InformationTechnology in India has come about over the Years
DeVry University Online
February 13, 2011
Contents
Introduction to InformationTechnology in India………………………………………………...4
The Culture of India….....................................................................................................................5
Government……………………………………………………………………………….....5
Political Structure
Government structure
Economy……………………………………………………………………………………..6
Economic situation post Independence
Economic crisis and impact of introduced reforms
Education and Religious System of India……………………………………………….......7
History of InformationTechnology In India and it’s Development….........................................7
Four Periods of InformationTechnology…...........................................................................7-9
Pre-mechanical
Mechanical
Electromechanical
Electronic
InformationTechnology history in India..............................................................................9-10
No separate IT industry in 60’s and 70’s
Tata Consulting Services (TCS)
Indian IT professionals...

...Informationtechnology (IT) is the application of computers and telecommunications equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data,[1] often in the context of a business or other enterprise.[2] The term is commonly used as a synonym for computers and computer networks, but it also encompasses other information distribution technologies such as television and telephones. Several industries are associated with informationtechnology, including computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors, internet, telecom equipment, e-commerce and computer services.[3][a]
Humans have been storing, retrieving, manipulating and communicating information since the Sumerians in Mesopotamia developed writing in about 3000 BC,[5] but the term informationtechnology in its modern sense first appeared in a 1958 article published in the Harvard Business Review; authors Harold J. Leavitt and Thomas L. Whisler commented that "the new technology does not yet have a single established name. We shall call it informationtechnology (IT)." Their definition consists of three categories: techniques for processing, the application of statistical and mathematical methods to decision-making and the simulation of higher-order thinking through computer programs.[6]
Based on the storage and processing...