Prostitution in Australia

IntroductionProstitution is defined as the exchange of sexual acts performed by one party for either money or something of value to said party by party who is at the receiving end of the exchange. (Sexton Cushman, Jennifer C. Ames, Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2013) Simply put, prostitution is a form of trade; it has its own market with buyers and sellers. This phenomenon of prostitution is by no means a new one; dated from colonial times prostitution has become one of the oldest professions and up till today has an active market. From its advent, prostitution had always been a controversial issue. Attempts to sweep prostitution under the rug brought about a new slew of problems for countries, ranging from abuse of prostitutes to diseases spread by prostitutes. Herein, countries took mainly two approaches: (1) legalizing prostitution and effectively putting in place a statue of rules and regulation, which had to be abided by. (2) Criminalizing prostitution as a whole, hence anyone who engaged in prostitution was punishable under law. Both approaches had their costs and benefits, to both buyers and seller. (Walkowitz, Judith R., 1980) However, a black market emerged in prostitution – wherein prostitutes engaged in illegal prostitution (illegal as defined by either the statue or law). Using Australia as our case study, this paper aims to understand the core reasons underlying the emergence as well as sustenance of the black market for prostitution. Australia

Prostitution in Australia Prostitution in Australia is multi faceted – brothel prostitution, street prostitution and escort prostitution are only a few of the different types of prostitution avenues available. Prostitution had posed the government a multitude of problems in Australia – prostitutes were being attacked and robbed, hawking in “respectable” residential estates and spreading sexually transmitted diseases. (Jeffreys, 2010) Then Prime Minister Keating came under public scrutiny as the problems brought about by prostitution grew. In 1994, Keating administration passed the Prostitution Control Act 1994, the first legal statue of its kind in Australia. (Appendix A – rmb to include!!!) Legalization of prostitution

The Australian legalization policies could be summarized into three main categories: laws which punish prostitutes for selling sex; laws punishing those who are involved in the management and organization of prostitution; and, although uncommon, laws which punish those who purchase sex. (Pinto, 1996) While the benefits of these laws have been far reaching, the black market was established soon after with a huge following. It is also notable that legalization of prostitution statutes were not passed in uniformity in Australia, with the laws varying across the states. (Appendix A) Methodology

Our group has studied this phenomenon by making use of secondary research. We have enabled this form of research due to our lack of resources in conducting primary research on the illegal prostitution scene in Australia. Legalization has not been effective:

Legalization aimed at solving problems such as criminal involvement in the industry, unregulated expansion of brothels, and violence done to street-prostituted women. However, legalization has solved none of these problems and has instead led to many more. Men, who would once have been classified as procurers and pimps, are now seen as a newly respectable class of sex “businessmen.” The state lives off the earnings of prostitution through increased taxation, licensing fees and the promotion of prostitution tourism (Sullivan, 2010). Such measures, in essence, normalise prostitution, turning it from a vice into nothing but a profitable business. Trafficked women and children are kept in conditions of slavery, and trafficking has increased to supply the new brothels. Child prostitution has grown markedly in this state compared with other states in Australia. In fact, a 1998...

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...academic discussion about prostitution and some terms which may offend some of us will be used. As much as possible, the audience is requested to see and view the topics being presented with an open mind.
Prostitution
It is the act or practice of engaging in sex acts for hire. ‡ It is said to be derived from a composition of two Latin words: (preposition) pro and (verb) statuere. A literal translation therefore would be: to expose , to place up front .
In most cultures, prostitution is viewed as a deviant profession, either discouraged or illegal; however, motivations vary from the implications of those potentially exposed to that activity to whether it constitutes or not an exploitative practice. ‡ Contrary to the popular notion, prostitution is NOT the world s oldest profession that would be hunting, gathering and subsistence farming .
Brief History
As early as 1900 B.C., the ancient society of Mesopotamia recognized the need to protect women's property rights which included female prostitutes. ‡ 6th Century B.C.: Solon Establishes State-Funded Brothels in Greece ‡ 590 A.D.: The newly-converted Reccared I, Visigoth King of Spain, banned prostitution as part of an effort to bring his country into alignment with Christian ideology.
1161: King Henry II regulates but does not ban prostitution ‡ 1358: Italy embraces prostitution declaring it as absolutely indispensible...

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Prostitution in the Philippines
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Prostitution in the Philippines is illegal. It is a serious crime with penalties ranging up to life imprisonment for those involved intrafficking. It is covered by the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act.[1] Prostitution is sometimes illegally available through brothels (also known as casa), bars, karaoke bars (also known as KTVs), massage parlors, street walkers and escort services.
As of 2009, one source estimated that there were 800,000 women working as prostitutes in the Philippines, with some of them believed to be underage.[2]
Contents [hide] * 1 Prostitution in various regions * 2 Violence and coercion against prostitutes * 3 See also * 4 External resources * 5 References |
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Prostitution in various regions [edit]
Prostitution caters to local customers and foreigners . Media attention tends to focus on those areas catering to sex tourism, primarily through bars staffed by bargirls. Cities where there is a high incidence of prostitution are Angeles City, Olongapo, Subic Bay and Pasay City[3] , with the customers usually foreign businessmen from East Asian and Western nations.[3]
Prostitution in Olongapo City and Angeles City was highly prominent during the time of the U.S. military...

...JOHN MWAURA -BACP/4231/13
ST. PAULS UNIVERSITY.
ACADEMIC WRITING ASSIGNMENT-OUTLINE
Topic: PROSTITUTION
Definition: This can be defined as the practice of engaging in sexual activity, usually with individuals who are not spouses or friends, in exchange for immediate payment in money or other valuables. They can be of either sex and may engage in heterosexual or homosexual activity.
Types of prostitution
1. Street prostitution – where clients are solicited from the streets, parks or other public places
2. Brothels – from premises dedicated solely for providing sex for payment
3. Escort – where clients contact sex workers by phone or hotel staff
4. Private – where client contacts sex worker by phone but meet at sex worker’s premises, eg in Britain
5. Window or Doorway – Brothels with sex workers on display or show, eg in Amsterdam and Hamburg
6. Clubs or drinking joints - where clients and sex workers meet in discos or bars
7. Sauna/Massage Places
8. Door knock or hotel knock – where unaccompanied males have their doors knocked by sex workers
9. Transport – trucks, ships, trains
10. Femme libre – which involves widows, singles or divorcees
11. Individual arrangements – e.g. Single mother engaging in sex with landlord so as not to pay rent
12. Child prostitution
Causes of prostitution:
1.Poverty
2. Moral decadence
3. Peer pressure – common in universities, for...

...STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
1.) What is prostitution?
2.) What is the history of prostitution and countries who are engaged in prostitution?
3.) What are the types of prostitution?
(street, brothels, escort, sex tourism and virtual sex)
4.) Which are affected by prostitution?
5.) How to stop prostitution?
Body
Prostitution is the business or practice of providing sexual services to another person in return for payment. The person who receives payment for sexual services is called a prostitute or sex worker and the person who receives such services is known by a multitude of terms. Prostitution is one of the branches of the sex industry. The legal status of prostitution varies from country to country, from being permissible but unregulated, to a punishable crime or to a regulated profession. Estimates place the annual revenue generated from the global prostitution industry to be over $100 billion.[1] Prostitution is sometimes referred to as "the world's oldest profession".[2]
Prostitution occurs in a variety of forms. Brothels are establishments specifically dedicated to prostitution. In escort prostitution, the act may take place at the customer's residence or hotel room (referred to as out-call), or at the escort's residence or in a hotel room...