Washington: The US economy added the fewest number of jobs in seven months in April and Americans dropped out of the labour force in droves, signs of weakness that cast doubts on whether the Federal Reserve will raise interest rates before the end of the year.

Nonfarm payrolls increased by 160,000 jobs last month as construction employment barely rose and the retail sector shed jobs, the labour department said on Friday. That was the smallest gain since September and below the first-quarter average job growth of 200,000.

Adding to the report’s weak tone, employers added 19,000 fewer jobs in February and March than previously reported. While the unemployment rate held at 5.0% that was because people dropped out of the labour force.

“For those who had thought a June rate hike was in play, this was a nail in the coffin. This raises questions about a September rate hike. I would like to think the economy is in a better place at the end of the year,” said Phil Orlando, chief equity market strategist at Federated Investors in New York.

The stepdown in job gains could temper expectations of a strong rebound in economic activity in the second quarter after growth nearly stalled in the first three months of the year.

Economists polled by Reuters had forecast payrolls rising 202,000 last month and the jobless rate unchanged at 5%.

The dollar dropped to session lows against the euro and the yen after the report. Prices for US government debt rose, while US stock index futures fell marginally.

Average hourly earnings were the only bright spot in the employment report, rising eight cents or 0.3% last month.

That took the year-on-year increase to 2.5% from 2.3% in March, still below the 3.0% advance that economists say is needed for inflation to rise to the US Fed’s 2.0% target.

Rate hike probabilities diminishing

The US central bank last month offered a fairly upbeat assessment of the labour market, saying that conditions had “improved further.” The US Fed raised its benchmark overnight interest rate in December for the first time in nearly a decade. US Fed officials have forecast two more rate hikes for this year.

Market-based measures of US Fed policy expectations have virtually priced out an interest rate increase at the Fed’s 14-15 June meeting, according to CME Group’s FedWatch. They see a less than 40% probability of rate hikes in September and November, with a 48% chance at the December meeting.

The labour force participation rate, or the share of working-age Americans who are employed or at least looking for a job, fell 0.2 percentage point to 62.8%. It had increased 0.6 percentage point since dipping to 62.4% in September.

The labour force fell by 362,000 as people dropped out in April. The employment-to-population ratio fell to 59.7% from a seven-year high of 59.9%.

A broad measure of unemployment that includes people who want to work but have given up searching and those working part-time because they cannot find full-time employment slipped one-tenth of a percentage point to 9.7% last month. The vast private services sector dominated employment gains in April, adding 174,000 jobs. Retail payrolls fell 3,100 after hefty gains in the first quarter, despite sluggish sales.

While information employment was unchanged last month, a labour department official said there was no sign that a strike by about 40,000 Verizon workers had impacted the data.

Manufacturing added 4,000 jobs last month after shedding 29,000 in March, the biggest loss for the sector since December 2009.

There were further job losses in mining as the energy sector adjusts to weak profits from a recent prolonged plunge in oil prices. Mining payrolls fell 8,000 last month. Mining employment has decreased by 191,000 jobs since peaking in September 2014, with 75% of the losses in support activities.

Gains in construction employment slowed sharply, with the sector adding 1,000 jobs in April, after home building showed some signs of fatigue last month. Reuters