With the enlargements of the European Union in the East in 2004 and 2007, the regional economic disparities increased profoundly and an effort of solidarity between states was necessary. This paper proposes to identify between the explanatory factors at the origin of the uneven distribution of wealth between regions in Central and Eastern Europe countries. Both the role of the political and economic transition which took place in these countries and that of the geographical distance from metropolis and the border of Europe’s Fifteen member states will be put forward. in the debate between efficiency and equity of european structural Funds, we shall wonder on the eventuality of a cohesion policy rethoughttaking into account the proximity’s effects on the regional growth and on the reduction of economic disparities. The results of our calculations of global and local spatial autocorrelation suggest new lines of research.

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