Heat equation is Q = msdt where, S is proportionality constant and is known as specific heat capacity.
This note details about heat equation and specific heat capacity along with principle of calorimetry.

When water is heated from 0 degree Celsius to 4 degree Celsius, its volume decreases and increases only after 4 degree Celsius. This unusual behavior of water from 0 degree Celsius to 4 degree Celsius is known as anomalous expansion of water.
This note has detail explanation of anomalous behavior of water when it is heated to 4 degree centigrade.