The dual role of children as both perpetrators and victims of violence becomes very clear when looking at child soldiers. Despite international treaties, thousands of children worldwide fight in armies and paramilitary forces. Article 38 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) states that no child under the age of fifteen should fight; supplementary international treaties, such as the 1999 Maputo Declaration on Child Soldiers and the 2000 Optional Protocol to the U

There has been a great deal of work done by psychologists on violence and aggression in children, looking at whether this is part of a normal and natural developmental process or whether it is pathological. Cole and Cole define aggression as ‘an act in which someone intentionally hurts another’ (1996, p. 406). They then split this definition to look at instrumental aggression which is committed in order to obtain a specific goal, and hostile aggression which is aimed at hurting another pe

Money talks: Argentina in the black Argentina's debt crisis seems finally to be coming to an end. Will its deal with creditors enable it to borrow abroad again at last? Should lenders to Venezuela, on the brink of its own default, applaud or shudder?Author(s): The Economist

There has been a great deal of research on the personalities of bullies (for an overview, see Smith et al., 1999) and explanations given for their behaviour in terms of family background or attachment to parents. Some of the findings of this research are summarized in Reading A. In another article, Olweus (1993) suggests that bullies are more likely to hold favourable views of violence, have a marked tendency towards aggression towards both adults and other children, have a strong need

This free course provided an introduction to studying Health and Social Care. It took you through a series of exercises designed to develop your approach to study and learning at a distance and helped to improve your confidence as an independent learner.

The Evolution of Human Skin Pigmentation Nina Jablonski looks at the evolution of human pigmentation. It was noted by Darwin and others that humans who lived closer to the equator had darker skins. Is this a functional adaptation to sun exposure, or is there something more at play here? Series: "Darwin Evolving". (59:08)

The most common way of measuring heart rate is by feeling the pulse at one of the arteries. The pulse is quite literally that – a pulse of blood running through the artery each time the heart does one pumping motion.

1843: Our new magazine From Antarctica to the equally chilly arena of French far-right politics, we take a peek into some of the stories featured in 1843’s first issue, published March 9thAuthor(s): The Economist

Turning ideas you learn from this course into your own words through taking notes can help sharpen your understanding and focus your thinking. The key to successful note taking is to create notes that capture the key points of what you are reading, watching or listening to, rather than writing pages and pages that are boring to write and even more boring to read! You will probably come across many new scientific terms as well as new concepts and so making notes is a good way to make sure you