..Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels have been associated with chronic kidney disease in cross-sectional studies. However, this association has not been studied prospectively in a large general population-based cohort...

..Studies have identified a pathological role for MIF in immune-initiated renal injury in the rat. In this study, we examined the role of MIF in obstructive nephropathy, where renal injury is initiated by a non-immune insult...

Nonalbuminuric renal impairment in type 2 diabetic patients and in the general population (national evaluation of the frequency of renal impairment cO-existing with NIDDM [NEFRON] 11)

..These findings indicate that IFN-gamma induces rapid secretion of MIF by tubular epithelial cells, and suggest that this may be an important mechanism leading to inflammatory cell accumulation and activation during kidney disease...

..Macrophages constitute 38% to 60% of infiltrating cells during acute renal allograft rejection. Their contribution to tissue damage during acute rejection was examined by depleting macrophages in a rat model...

Epidemiology of vascular access in the Australian hemodialysis population

..We conclude that albuminuria, detected by either IN or HPLC, independently predicts mortality in a community-based sample. HPLC identifies some people at increased risk of mortality that IN would not detect...

Prevalence and treatment of cardiovascular disease and traditional risk factors in Australian adults with renal insufficiency

..As these recommendations are based on observational studies, we conducted a randomized, prospective, double-blind, controlled trial to assess whether Qa surveillance results in an increased detection of AVF stenosis...

Kidney expression of glutathione peroxidase-1 is not protective against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy

..Contrary to expectations, this study showed that the high level of Gpx1 expressed in the kidney is not protective against the development of renal oxidative stress and nephropathy in a model of type 1 diabetes...

Macrophages in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy: potential role in renal fibrosis

..Although there are a large number of reports of quality of life in the setting of end-stage renal disease, the impact of lesser degrees of renal impairment in the general population has not been described...

A quarter of a century of adult peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis at an Australian medical center

..Progression to renal failure is common; however, the mechanisms are unknown. Experimental models suggest a role for macrophages. Therefore, macrophage accumulation and its relationship to the subsequent clinical course were studied...

Role of interleukin-10 in rat mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis

..In conclusion, activation of p38 MAPK in intrinsic renal cells and infiltrating leukocytes correlated with renal dysfunction and histopathology, suggesting an important pathogenic role for p38 MAPK activation in human glomerulonephritis...

..We examined the relationship between smoking and indicators of kidney damage in a healthy population without impaired fasting glucose levels, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension...

..Measurement of vascular access flow (Qa) has been proposed as the ideal method for surveillance of native fistulae. However, debate exists about the influence of blood pressure (mean arterial pressure [MAP]) on Qa during dialysis...

..We assessed a direct measure of immune status, leukocyte phenotype and function (LPF, a composite measure of five aspects of peripheral blood leukocyte phenotype and function), as a predictor of infection...

Albumin and glomerular permselectivity

Tanya M OsickaNephrol Dial Transplant 19:511-2. 2004

Detection and measurement of microalbuminuria: a challenge for clinical chemistry