Summary

Succeed in statistics with ELEMENTARY STATISTICS! Including relevant examples, exercises, and applications, this textbook gives you the tools you need to get a good grade in your statistics course. Struggling with a specific concept? Log onto Personal Tutor with SMARTHINKING to get live, one-on-one online tutoring from a statistician who has a copy of the textbook. Video Skillbuilders and StatisticsNow (an online learning tool built around your individual progress that gives you a simple pre-test, and then focuses your learning experience on your studying needs) provide additional online support. Learning to use MINITAB, Excel, and the TI-83/84 graphing calculator is made easy with instructions included in relevant sections throughout the text.

Table of Contents

Descriptive Statistics

Statistics

Americans, Here's Looking At You

What is Statistics? Measurability and Variability

Data Collection

Comparison of Probability and Statistics

Statistics and Technology

Descriptive Analysis and Presentation of Single-Variable Data

You and the Internet

Graphical Presentation of Data

Graphs, Pareto Diagrams, and Stem-And-Leaf Displays

Frequency Distributions and Histograms

Numerical Descriptive Statistics

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Dispersion

Measures of Position

Interpreting and Understanding Standard Deviation

The Art of Statistical Deception

Mean and Standard Deviation of Frequency Distribution (Optional)

Descriptive Analysis and Presentation of Bivariate Data

The Kid is All Grown Up

Bivariate Data

Linear Correlation

Linear Regression

Probability

Probability

Sweet Statistics

Probability of Events

Conditional Probability of Events

Rules of Probability

Mutually Exclusive Events

Independent Events

Mutually Exclusive, Independent Events?

A Relationship?

Probability Distributions (Discrete Variables)

Caffeine Drinking

Random Variables

Probability Distribution of a Discrete Random Variable

Mean and Variance of a Discrete Probability Distribution

The Binomial Probability Distribution

Mean and Standard Deviation of the Binomial Distribution

Normal Probability Distributions

Intelligence Scores

Normal Probability Distributions

The Standard Normal Distribution

Applications of Normal Distributions

Notation

Normal Approximation of the Binomial

Sample Variability

275 Million Americans

Sampling Distributions

The Sampling Distribution of Sample Means

Application of the Sampling Distribution of Sample Means

Inferential Statistics

Introduction to Statistical Inferences

Were They Shorter Back Then? The Nature of Estimation

Estimation of a Mean (= known)

The Nature of Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis Test of Mean 8 (= Known): A Probability Value Approach

Hypothesis Test of Mean 8 (= Known): A Classical Approach

Inferences Involving One Population

Get Enough Daily Exercise? Inferences About Mean 8 (= Unknown)

Inferences About the Binomial Probability of Success

Inferences About Variance and Standard Deviation

Inferences Involving Two Populations

Students, Credit Cards and Debt

Independent and Dependent Samples

Inferences Concerning the Mean Difference Using Two Dependent Samples

Inferences Concerning the Difference Between Means Using Two Independent Samples

Inferences Concerning the Difference Between Proportions Using Two Independent Samples

Inferences Concerning the Ratio of Variances Using Two Independent Samples