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1 Chapter 7 1. An (1) is a substance that speeds up the rate of a biochemical reaction. All living (2) make enzymes. 2. Large quantities of useful enzymes can be produced by culturing the (3) that make them in industrial (4). 3. A (5) is a cleansing agent such as washing powder. A (6) detergent contains enzymes able to (7) stains; a non-biological detergent does not contain enzymes. 4. Some people are (8) to the enzyme in biological washing powders and develop skin rashes or (9). The enzymes are now (10) in a harmless coating of wax to allow them to be handled safely. 5. Whereas non-biological washing powder only works well at (11) temperatures (e.g. 900C), biological washing powder works well at (12) temperatures (e.g. 400C) because the enzymes in it digest stains well at these lower temperatures.

2 6. A lower temperature wash saves (13) and causes less (14) to delicate fabrics. 7. Since less energy is needed for a lower temperature wash, the demand made on the (15) stations that generate (16) by burning (17) fuel is reduced. Decreased combustion of fossil fuel cuts down the quantities of harmful gases such as (18) dioxide released into the atmosphere. As a result (19) of the environment is reduced. 8. Detergents contain chemicals called (20). If waste water containing phosphates is released into a river of loch, the phosphates may act as (21) and encourage the growth of huge populations of (22). 9. When the algae die, they are decomposed by bacteria which increase in (23) and use up the river s (24) supply. Lack of oxygen in the water results in the death of river animals such as (25). The detergent is therefore said to be (26) (poisonous) to wildlife.

3 10. In some countries, phosphates are (27) from use in detergents and replaced by other chemicals. A more effective method of controlling the phosphate content of water is to remove them at a (28) works before the water is released into a local (29). algae allergic bacteria banned biological cells damage detergent digest eczema electricity enclosed energy enzyme fermenters fertilizer fish fossil high moderate number oxygen phosphates pollution power river sewage sulphur toxic Word Bank

4 Chapter 7 1. An enzyme is a substance that speeds up the rate of a biochemical reaction. All living cells make enzymes. 2. Large quantities of useful enzymes can be produced by culturing the bacteria that make them in industrial fermenters. 3. A detergent is a cleansing agent such as washing powder. A biological detergent contains enzymes able to digest stains; a non-biological detergent does not contain enzymes. 4. Some people are allergic to the enzyme in biological washing powders and develop skin rashes or eczema. The enzymes are now enclosed in a harmless coating of wax to allow them to be handled safely. 5. Whereas non-biological washing powder only works well at high temperatures (e.g. 900C), biological washing powder works well at moderate temperatures (e.g. 400C) because the enzymes in it digest stains well at these lower temperatures. 6. A lower temperature wash saves energy and causes less damage to delicate fabrics. 7. Since less energy is needed for a lower temperature wash, the demand made on the power stations that generate electricity by burning fossil fuel is reduced. Decreased combustion of fossil fuel cuts down the quantities of harmful gases such as sulphur dioxide released into the atmosphere. As a result pollution of the environment is reduced. 8. Detergents contain chemicals called phosphates. If waste water containing phosphates is released into a river of loch, the phosphates may act as fertilizer and encourage the growth of huge populations of algae.

5 9. When the algae die, they are decomposed by bacteria which increase in number and use up the river s oxygen supply. Lack of oxygen in the water results in the death of river animals such as fish. The detergent is therefore said to be toxic (poisonous) to wildlife. 10. In some countries, phosphates are banned from use in detergents and replaced by other chemicals. A more effective method of controlling the phosphate content of water is to remove them at a sewage works before the water is released into a local river.

Dissolved Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Every atmospheric gas is in equilibrium with that gas dissolved in ocean water. The concentrations of two of these are particularly important. The concentration of oxygen

By Cindy Grigg 1 Did you know there are two kinds of respiration? One kind of respiration is when we breathe air in and out of our lungs. The other kind happens in both plant and animal cells, including

Earth s Cycles 1. Models are often used to explain scientific knowledge or experimental results. A model of the carbon cycle is shown below. Which of the following can be determined based on this model?

Carbon/Oxygen Cycle Zain Aamer, Christine Pak, Lorrin Stone, Vivian Xu Step One - Carbon Dioxide Carbon is released into the atmosphere through the form of carbon dioxide due to combustion and respiration

reflect Imagine that a student in your school fell down and is having difficulty breathing. Sirens wail as an ambulance pulls into the school parking lot. The emergency workers rush over to help the student.

THE WATER CYCLE Water is the most abundant substance in living things. The human body, for example, is composed of about 70% water, and jellyfish are 95% water. Water participates in many important biochemical

Water pollution fact sheet! Source: http://www.water-pollution.org.uk/ This fact sheet covers all main objectives for lesson plan, and is a tool for the instructor when presenting the topic in class. 7

Natural Resources Key Concepts Why is it important to manage air and water resources wisely? How can individuals help manage air and water resources wisely? Air and Water Resources What do you think? Read

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Worksheet A Environmental Problems Vocabulary Can you talk about Environmental issues in English? With a partner, try to explain the terms in the diagram below. Why are the words divided into two groups

Lesson 6 Content Section - How Algae can be used to produce Biofuel. From lesson 5 you have discovered that there are many uses for algae. You also have discovered that algae can be used to produce biofuels.

Assessment Bank Matter and Energy in Living Things SC.8.L.18.4 1. What is energy? A. anything that takes up space B. anything that has mass C. the ability to conduct current D. the ability to do work 2.

NAME: Urban Ecology: Watersheds and Aquatic Ecology A BIOBUGS program Objective: To describe the health of the Muddy River in the Fens wetlands system of Boston by examining abiotic and biotic parameters.

LESSON PLAN 1 Fire Prevention Fire and Fire Prevention Combustion occurs when the three elements of the fire triangle heat, fuel and oxygen are present. Understanding this basic chemical reaction can help

Biomass Basics Energy from the sun, via photosynthesis in plants This is the same energy we use as food This is the same energy that made fossil fuels; fossil fuels are concentrated over time by the heat

Science Conservation and Pollution It is not necessary to carry out all the activities contained in this unit. Please see Teachers Notes for explanations, additional activities, and tips and suggestions.

Respiration Worksheet Respiration is the controlled release of energy from food The food involved in respiration is usually Internal respiration is controlled by which allow energy to be released in The

Balancing chemical reaction equations (stoichiometry) This worksheet and all related files are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, version 1.0. To view a copy of this license, visit

Using living things to tell us levels of pollution Activity 5 Learning Intentions Give examples of sources of pollution and the ecosystems that they effect Explain the meaning of the term indicator species

TABLET DETERGENTS Towards A More Sustainable Future Unilever Supports Sustainable Development of Detergents with Tablets THE CONTRIBUTION OF TABLETS Unilever is committed to meeting the needs of customers

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Study Island Cell Energy Keystone Review 1. Cells obtain energy by either capturing light energy through photosynthesis or by breaking down carbohydrates through cellular respiration. In both photosynthesis

1. Recent evidence indicates that lakes in large areas of New York State are being affected by acid rain. The major effect of acid rain in the lakes is (1) an increase in game fish population levels (3)

Rain is very important for life. All living things need water to live, even people. Rain brings us the water we need. But in many places in the world even where you live, rain has become a menace. Because

KEY TERMS How do living things get their energy? 26 Lesson - photosynthesis: food-making process in plants respiration: process by which organisms release energy from food 175 LESSON How ci? living things

Chapter 3 Enzymes Vital mistake We may not be able to see them, but enzymes are absolutely crucial to the lives of ourselves and all other living organisms. The Quarter Horse (Figure 3.1) is a breed of

Photosynthesis Definition The process by which cells harvest light energy to make sugars (glucose). -Sugar is used to power the process of cellular respiration, which produces the ATP that cells utilize

Fire Extinguisher Training Course Overview What is Fire? Classes of Fire 3 A s Types of Fire Extinguishers Use of a Fire Extinguisher Summary What is Fire? Fire is a self-sustaining, chemical chain reaction

ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW... What do you know about your septic tank system? For the purposes of this booklet, a septic tank system refers to any kind of on-site sewage management system including traditional

10 Nuclear Power Reactors Figure 10.1 89 10.1 What is a Nuclear Power Station? The purpose of a power station is to generate electricity safely reliably and economically. Figure 10.1 is the schematic of

Objectives Students will explore the importance of chemical reactions in biology Students will discuss the role of enzymes as catalysts in biological reactions. Students will analyze graphs showing how

reflect Wind turbines shown in the photo on the right are large structures with blades that move in response to air movement. When the wind blows, the blades rotate. This motion generates energy that is

Don t spit in the well - you may need to drink from it! -- Unknown, Russia. WATER POLLUTION Water is a unique substance, because it can naturally renew and cleanse itself, by allowing pollutants to settle

Acid Rain Everyone's heard of acid rain, but what do we actually know about it? What is this acid rain stuff anyway? Where does it come from? What's all the fuss about? How big a problem is it? What can

Future Workshop by HBS Oct.6 Oct.11 (Turkey, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt) The Future workshop took place in Hasankeyf, Turkey, from October 6,2012 till October 11,2012 where individuals from Turkey, Lebanon,

Energy Transport Study Island 1. During the process of photosynthesis, plants use energy from the Sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. These products are, in turn, used by the

Catalase Enzyme Lab Background information Liver and other living tissues contain the enzyme catalase. This enzyme breaks down hydrogen peroxide, which is a harmful by-product of the process of cellular

Do you have a septic tank or package treatment plant? If the answer is yes, then this leaflet could help you to help us improve water quality in the rivers and Broads near your Norfolk home. We are sending

Mark Scheme (Results) November 2011 GCSE Biology 5BI1H/01 Edexcel is one of the leading examining and awarding bodies in the UK and throughout the world. We provide a wide range of qualifications including

This website would like to remind you: Your browser (Apple Safari 7) is out of date. Update your browser for more security, comfort and the best experience on this site. Encyclopedic Entry food chain For

Chemical Reactions Practice Test Chapter 2 Name Date Hour _ Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The only sure evidence for a chemical reaction

SAFETY DATA SHEET SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1. Product identifier Product name 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses

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Review and apply Investigation 5 Let s review Pages 311-312 1. After you tested all the known powders with all the test liquids, describe what you did to identify the unknown powder. Students should have

Cellular Respiration Page 9 I. The Importance of Food A. Food provides living things with the chemical building blocks they need to grow and reproduce. B. Food serves as a source of for the cells of the

Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Oxygen Give and Take Summary This is a series of three activities followed by a worksheet. The concepts taught include gas production (O 2 and CO 2 ), chemical reactions,

9.2 Conventional Energy Sources Key Question: What benefits and problems come with common sources of energy? Hints The word plant here is not the kind that grows out of the ground. In this section, plants

CHAPTER 1 2 SECTION Cells: The Basic Units of Life Eukaryotic Cells BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What are the parts of a eukaryotic cell? What

Energetics... Page 18 Respiration Syllabus : The importance of respiration in converting chemical energy in food to chemical energy in ATP. The sites of respiration the sites of the various biochemical

Name Date Cycling WebQuest Directions: Visit the following websites and answer the related questions. Your goal is to gain a better understanding of the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Background: In biogeochemical

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STATISTICAL RELEASE: 15 DECEMBER 2011 EMISSIONS OF AIR POLLUTANTS IN THE UK, 1970 TO 2010 The UK has met current international targets to reduce total emissions by 2010 of four air pollutants that cause

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Total Suspended Solids (TSS) are solids in water that can be trapped by a filter. TSS can include a wide variety of material, such as silt, decaying plant and animal matter, industrial wastes, and sewage.

Global Change Instruction Program Phosphorus and Sulfur The Important Nutrient Phosphorus Phosphorus is a key nutrient, fueling organic productivity on land and in water. A portion of its cycle is shown

FOR TEACHERS ONLY LE The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION LIVING ENVIRONMENT Tuesday, June 21, 2011 9:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., only SCORING KEY AND RATING GUIDE Directions

Michał Wierzbicki Department of Hydraulic Engineering Agricultural University of Poznań The changes of water quality in Jeziorsko reservoir and Warta river against the background of hydrology characteristic