As basic as it seems, handwashing is one of the most effective ways you can stay healthy and prevent transmission of harmful germs. Even though most of us know when to wash our hands, studies show it happens too infrequently. The consequences are contaminated food, surfaces and objects that can infect us and the people around us.

Handwashing under a black light.

Proper handwashing techniques

Wet your hands with clean, warm running water and add soap.

Rub your hands together and scrub them well; be sure to scrub the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails.

Continue rubbing your hands for at least 15 seconds (about the time it takes to sing "Happy Birthday" twice).

Rinse your hands well under running water.

Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them.

Wash your hands

Before, during and after preparing food

Before eating food

Before and after caring for someone who is sick

Before and after treating a cut or wound

After using the toilet

After changing diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet

After blowing your nose, coughing or sneezing

After touching an animal or animal waste

After handling pet food or pet treats

After touching garbage

Handwashing vs. alcohol-based sanitizers

Antibacterial gels should not replace regular handwashing. While effective, alcohol-based sanitizers do not eliminate all types of germs, such as the virus that causes norovirus. Alcohol-based sanitizers are not effective on visibly dirty hands. Antibacterial lotion is not allowed under state law to substitute for handwashing for a food handler.