The issues of administrative reform and deregulation emerged as national agendas in Korea in the 1980s as the government-led development strategy was challenged. Such a strategy was no longer efficient since the Korean society was democratized and its economy was exposed to intensified competition in the world market. The government took initiatives in launching reform measures such as administrative simplification and deregulation. However, the initiatives were led by bureaucrats, which was not a sufficient approach to deal with demands of the private sector. Emphasis on administrative reform and deregulation grew since the democratic government took office in the 1990s. There were several reform committees established, such as the Presidential Commission on Administrative Reform (PCAR), the Economic Deregulation Committee, the Council on Business Regulations, and the Joint Council on Administrative Regulations. (The rest omitted)