Bio Exam 2 (Charts: Fungus: Chytrids and Zygomycetes)

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Chytrids: Structure

Coenocytic, with few septa

Has motile cells with a single, posterior, smooth flgellum

Some are simple, unicellular organism without a mycelium--> reproductive structure

Others have rhizoids that anchor the chytrid

Some are parasites of algae, protozoa, oomycetes, etc.

Some are saprophytic

Chytrids: Reproduction

Intranuclear mitosis and meiosis

Alternation of isomorphic generations

Others are heteromorphic

Chytrids: Location

Location: mostly aquatic; soils and banks of ponds and streams

Chytrids: Relevance

Batrachocytrium dendrobatidis causes a thickening of the skin of amphibians and has caused die-offs of amphibians

Zygomycetes: Structure

Most have coenocytic hyphae, within which the cytoplasm can be seen streaming rapidly

Rapidly growing hyphae

Some can be unicellular and yeastlike

Rhizopus stolonifer: mycelium has rapidly growing hyphae from which arching hyphae called stolons form; the stolons form rhizoids whenever they come in contact with the substrate-->formation of sporangiophore

Zygomycetes: Reproduction

Asexual by means of haploid spores produced in specialized sporangia borne on the hyphae

Sexual: formation of zygospores, which develop within thick-walled structures called zygosporangia

In any case, the gametangia become separated by formation of septa, and the two multinucleate protoplasts come together

Zygomycetes: Location

live on decaying plant and animal matter in the soil, while some are parasites