non-integrated mills (where paper/paperboard or pulp are manufactured, but not both), and

secondary fiber mills (where waste paper is used as the primary raw material).

This subpart regulates the emissions from the pulp production sources, which include pulping process vents, bleaching process vents, and condensate streams.

Mills that chemically pulp wood using kraft, semi-chemical, sulfite, or soda processes are referred to as MACT I mills. Mills that mechanically pulp wood, or that pulp secondary fiber or non-wood fibers, or that produce paper or paperboard from purchased pulp are referred to as MACT III mills. These standards do not address emissions from recovery area combustion sources (referred to in later sections as MACT II). These sources are being regulated under a separate rule.

The National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for the pulp and paper production sources was originally proposed in 1993 and promulgated in 1998. In these actions, the EPA identified methanol, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and other hazardous air pollutants were emitted in large quantities from these sources. As a result, this subpart regulates “total HAP” emissions. In general, this regulation requires mills to do the following:

Collect and incinerate pulping process vent emissions

Collect and control bleaching process vent emissions with a caustic scrubber

WATER9 is a Windows based computer program for estimating air emissions of individual waste constituents in wastewater/waste. Further information or a copy of the WATER 9 can be obtained from EPA. You can also contact the Air Emissions Model Hotline at (919) 541-5610 for support or more information about this model.

Pulp and paper manufacturing is subject to the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program. Information regarding available and emerging technologies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from pulp and paper manufacturing can be found here.

Applicability Determination Index (ADI). The ADI is maintained by EPA's Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA) and provides a data base of memoranda dealing with applicability issues. The database is searchable by Subpart.