Abstract:

The present Invention is about the Diversity Module Between GPS Antennas,
with Receiver Protection and Integrated Alarm Signal (1), characterized
by comprising a GPS receiver (2) and antennas (3), emphasizing that the
combined signals of antennas 1 and 2 (3) transmit the signals to the two
receivers (2), which receives the signals from four satellites (5) and
(6). In a second situation, if the GPS antenna (3) fails, the test is not
lost because the signal is simultaneously received by two GPS antennas
(3). In another situation, if one of the GPS antennas (3) fails, a
failure signal is automatically sent to the failure management (7)
indicating that antenna (3) and not the GPS receiver (2), so the
controller does not switch to backup. In a fourth situation, the failed
antennas (3) are detected and sent through signals to a microwave (8) or
optic fiber radio, which transmits it up to the failure management (7)
network that, after being viewed moves a technician to the location to
repair the detected failures,

Claims:

1) "DIVERSITY MODULE BETWEEN GPS ANTENNAS, WITH RECEIVER PROTECTION AND
INTEGRATED ALARM SIGNAL" (1) made up of a GPS receiver (2) and antennas
(3), characterized by adding up the signals received from the antennas
(3) and simultaneously transmitting the combined signals to the other two
receivers (2).

2) "DIVERSITY MODULE BETWEEN GPS ANTENNAS, WITH RECEIVER PROTECTION AND
INTEGRATED ALARM SIGNAL" (1), characterized according to claim 1, by
being made up of a system (1) that works using two receivers (2) and two
antennas (3), with the aim of protecting the system GPS receivers (2) and
eliminating its obstruction problems, emphasizing that it has an alarm
for possible failures that may occur, as well as aids the switching
between both receivers (2) if one of them develops a fault.

3) "DIVERSITY MODULE BETWEEN GPS ANTENNAS, WITH RECEIVER PROTECTION AND
INTEGRATED ALARM SIGNAL" (1), characterized according to claim 1 because
the system protects the receivers (2) in the case of a short circuit of
one of the antennas (3), working with one or two receivers (2) with the
advantage of using the receiver's (2) power to work because it is
connected in series to the antenna (3) that is connected next to the
receiver (2).

4) "DIVERSITY MODULE BETWEEN GPS ANTENNAS, WITH RECEIVER PROTECTION AND
INTEGRATED ALARM SIGNAL" (1), characterized according to claim 1 because
it offers the advantage of another antenna (3) transmitting signals to
the satellite (5) and (6) receiver (2) without loss of synchronism in the
event where an antenna (3) fails, therefore, the receivers always receive
the signals from the satellites (5) and (6).

5) "DIVERSITY MODULE BETWEEN GPS ANTENNAS, WITH RECEIVER PROTECTION AND
INTEGRATED ALARM SIGNAL" (1), characterized according to claim 1 because
the use of this system allows the increase of the viewing angle of
satellites (5) and (6) in space since the receivers (2) use two antennas
(3) instead of one.

Description:

1. INTRODUCTION

[0001]The present descriptive report of the Patent of Invention is about
the Diversity Module Between GPS Antennas, with Receiver Protection and
Integrated Alarm Signal, characterized by comprising a system that works
with two receiver modules and two antennas, protecting the system (GPS)
receivers, eliminating its obstruction problems, with an alarm-for
possible failures and switching failures that may occur, as well as
generates a monitoring alarm in the event of failures.

[0002]Furthermore, it is worth emphasizing that this module imposes
technicians to inspect the removal of alarms, and it is applicable in
mobile or fixed use in Radio Base Stations (RBS).

2. FIELD OF APPLICATION

[0003]The field of application of this Diversity Module Between GPS
Antennas, with Receiver Protection and Integrated Alarm Signal, refers to
the combined use of GPS receivers instead of switching on a single
antenna; with this circuit it is possible to switch on two antennas and
create a spatial diversity making it possible to place the antennas at
different positions or points.

3. PURPOSE

[0004]The purpose of this Diversity Module Between GPS Antennas, with
Receiver Protection and Integrated Alarm Signal, as the name implies, is
to solve switching problems of the radio base station controllers by
concentrating the two GPS signal reception antennas, combining the radio
frequency of both and then distributing them to the two station
controllers.

4. STATE OF TECHNIQUE

[0005]In the state of technique, it is observed that the present technical
means used for accurate localization on the earth is performed through
the Global Positioning System (GPS), which is made up of 24 earth orbit
satellites that transmits precise time signals to the earth, and these
signals are captured by antennas and transmitted to receivers.

[0006]Furthermore, it is worth emphasizing that a receiver tracks a
satellite through the signal reception, and at least four satellites are
necessary to obtain a fixed 3-dimensional position. However, the use of a
receiver that tracks more than four satellites simultaneously when an
obstacle repeatedly blocks a signal from one of the satellites is more
desirable

[0007]To do this, a receiver captures the signals from four satellites to
determine its own coordinates and time, and with these data, it
calculates the distance to each satellite using the time delay between
the local instant and the instant when the signals were sent.

[0008]Precision receivers are also used in this GPS, and they are made up
of channels and antennas. It is worth emphasizing that they do not work
above the determined displacement velocity.

[0009]After the antenna captures the signals, they are directed to an
electric circuit called channel, which recognizes the signals from the
different satellites, as a receiver with a channel consecutively reads
the signal from each satellite until all the signals of the tracked
satellites are received (a technique that takes less than a second to
process the data and calculate the position). It is also worth
emphasizing that a receiver having more than one channel is faster
because the data are processed simultaneously.

[0010]It is worth emphasizing that the antennas receive signals from the
satellites that can be very low because of their low intensity.

[0011]However, it is worth stressing that this GPS has some problems,
highlighted among them are: the fact that the receivers or antennas have
to be in the open; the receiver has to receive from at least three
satellites in order to estimate the positioning; the receiver has to
receive from at least four satellites to estimate the relay; the antenna
has to be completely unblocked because if there is a failure in the
antenna the system loses the precise time reference, and with failures in
the receiver, the system also loses the precise time reference.

[0012]To solve some of these issues, highlighting among them the direct
satellite obstruction problems, the use of containers and abandoned lands
(with crushed rocks) was used to construct the systems to solve problems
between antennas and receivers.

[0013]Another solution to solve these issues is the use of two controllers
with integrated GPS receivers, with one controller for each GPS antenna

[0014]The problem of GPS signal redundancy in the radio base stations was
solved, but there is still the problem of the GPS antenna failing and
controller noticing and switching to another controller at a time that
can last up to 30 minutes depending on the number of radios installed in
the radio base station.

5. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT

[0015]Aiming at improving this system as well as providing adequate
technical alternatives, the Diversity Module Between GPS Antennas, with
Receiver Protection and Integrated Alarm Signal, which implements a
system whose technological advancement comprises:

[0016]The use of a diversity module between GPS antennas to solve the
switching problem of the radio base stations, which adds up the signals
received from the antennas and simultaneously transmits the combined
signals to the other two receivers.

[0017]The use of a diversity module between GPS antennas that protects the
receivers in the case of a short circuit of one of the antennas, it works
with one or two receivers with advantage of using the receiver's power
because it is connected in series to the antenna that is connected next
to the receiver.

[0018]The use of a diversity module between GPS antennas that offers the
advantage of another antenna transmitting signals to the satellite
receiver without loss of synchronism in the event where an antenna fails,
therefore, the receivers always receive the satellite signals.

[0019]The use of a diversity module between GPS antennas that avoids the
loss of satellite signals and protects the receiver because the antenna
is active and the receiver sends 5 Vdc power to the antenna, which
returns the RF signals to the receiver.

[0020]The use of a diversity module between GPS antennas that increases
the satellite viewing angle in space, because the receivers use two
antennas instead of one.

6. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021]To have a complete view of how this Diversity Module Between GPS
Antennas, with Receiver Protection and Integrated Alarm Signal is made,
issue and object of the present Patent of Invention, follow-up the
illustrative drawings in annex that make references to the following:

[0022]FIG. 1: Corresponds to the block diagram of the diversity module
between GPS antennas assembled between two antennas and two receivers.

[0024]FIG. 3: Explains the block diagram of the diversity module between
GPS antennas assembled with a radio base system--RBS

[0025]FIG. 4: Refers to the block diagram of the diversity module between
GPS antennas assembled with a microwave or optic fiber radio.

7. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026]As shown in the drawings that are in integral part of this report,
the Diversity Module Between GPS Antennas, with Receiver Protection and
Integrated Alarm Signal (1), characterized by comprising a GPS receiver
(2) and antennas (3).

[0027]This system (1) works with two receivers (2) and two antennas (3)
with the aim of protecting the receivers (2) of the GPS by eliminating
its obstruction problems, emphasizing that it has an alarm for failures
that may occur, as well as help in the switching between both receivers
(2) when one of them develops a fault.

[0028]In FIG. 1, it can be seen that both antenna 1 (3) and antenna 2 (3)
are blocked by the building (4) and antenna 1 (3) can only receive
signals from satellites on the left (5) and antenna 2 (3) from satellites
on the right (6)

[0029]In this setting, the antennas (3) are connected to the diversity
module (1) which combines antenna 1 and 2 (3) signals and transmits the
combined signals to the two receivers (2), therefore, the two receivers
(2) receive the signals from the four satellites (5) and (6).

[0030]In FIG. 2, a second situation can be observed, if the GPS antenna
fails (3) the test is not lost because the signal is simultaneously
received by two GPS antennas (3).

[0031]In another situation as shown in FIG. 3, if one of the GPS antennas
(3) fails, a failure signal is automatically sent to the failure
management (7) indicating that antenna (3) 1 or 2 failed, with emphasis
on the fact that what failed was the antenna (3) and not the GPS receiver
(2), so the controller does not switch to backup.

[0032]In a fourth situation as shown in FIG. 4, the failed antennas (3)
are detected and sent through signals to a microwave (8) or optic fiber
radio, which transmits it up to the failure management (7) network that,
after being viewed, moves a technician to the location to repair the
detected failures.

[0033]It also worth emphasizing that the GPS antenna (3) failures are
transmitted to a microwave (8) or optic fiber radio through an open
contact in the case of failures and through a closed contact in the case
of normal operation.

8. CONCLUSION

[0034]It can be seen from what was described and illustrated above, that
it is a Diversity Module Between GPS Antennas, with Receiver Protection
and Integrated Alarm Signal (1), which perfectly fits into the standards
of the Patent of Invention, filling the important void in the market,
more especially for offering the advantages presented in the
corresponding paragraph, therefore, deserving the respective privilege
due to what was shown above.