Unit 10 Vocab

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ADB

Asian Development Bank; based in the Philippine capital of Manila. Provides international loans to aid the economies of Asian member countries; in Southeast Asia these ADB loans support agricultural, transportation, and industrial development projects

Angkor Wat

in present-day Cambodia, a Khmer temple more than 800 years old; designed to resemble the home of the Hindu gods and goddesses; has a mixture of Indian and local styles; both a Hindu temple and a tomb for Suryavarman II - Khmer ruler who built it

Annam Cordillera

mountain range that separates Vietnam from Laos and Cambodia

Arakan Yoma Range

mountain range in western Myanmar

Archipelago

a group or chain of islands

Arjunavivaha

a story about the life of a king in Java, the court poet Mpu Kanwa modified the Indian epic Mahabharata to fit southeast Asian circumstances

ASEAN

Association of Southeast Asian Nations; organization formed in 1967 to promote regional development and trade in Southeast Asia

Aung San Suu Kyi

opposition leader, wanted to bring democracy to Indonesia

batik

method of dyeing cloth to produce beautiful patterns, developed in Indonesia and Malaysia

Bilauktang Range

runs along the border between Myanmar and Thailand

Borobudur

a Buddhist shrine in Indonesia, a stunning example of Southeast Asian religious art and architecture' built of gray volcanic stone around A.D..800 on the island of Java, its larger than Europe's great cathedrals; a large tower shaped like a bell tops the pyramid-shaped monument; it has 3 levels connected by stairs

buffer state

neutral territory between rival powers

cash crop

farm crop grown to be sold or traded rather than used by the farm family

Chao Phraya River

river in Thailand, flowing south into the Gulf of Thailand

Chinlon

game in Myanmar in which players form a circle and try to keep a rattan ball in the air without using their hands

Cordillera

parallel chains or ranges of mountains

Cyclone

storm with heavy rains and high winds that blow in a circular pattern around an area of low atmospheric pressure

Deciduous

trees, usually broad leaved such as oak and maple, that lose their leaves in autumn

East Timor

island that was part of Indonesia, voted to become independent in 1999; 3 years later it was fully independent in 2002; not in ASEAN yet

Emperor Wudi

Chinese Emperor who conquered the Indochina Peninsula

Endemic

native plant or animal species

Fauna

the animal life of a region

Flora

the plant life of a region

free port

port city, such as Singapore, where goods can be unloaded, stored, and reshipped without the payment of import duties

Funan

during A.D. 100 traders from India setup trading posts along Gulf of Thailand and in A.D. 200 Southeast Asians established the kingdom of Funan

Gunung Agung

a volcano on the Indonesian island of Bali that reaches 10,308 feet; Balinese people regard it as a sacred center piece of their Hindu faith, and leave offerings on the crater's rim, eruption in 1963 took 1,500 lives

Ho Chi Minh City

was the port of Saigon

Humid Subtropical Climate

hot, humid temperatures in summer and cool., dry in winter

Netherlands

western European country on the North Sea; controlled most islands that make up Indonesia

Indonesia

group of islands that forms the Southeast Asian country of the republic of Indonesia; largest exporter of plywood

Insular

constituting an island, as in Java

Interdependent

relying on one another for goods, services, and ideas

Irrawaddy River

river in central Myanmar formed by the confluence of the Mali and Nmai Rivers; rice is grown here

Khmer Settled

Cambodia and Vietnam, indigenous

Khmer Rouge

harsh communist government of Cambodia

Krakatau

Volcano in Indonesia and is part of the Ring of Fire; an eruption in 1883 caused massive destruction and death

Laos

Southeast Asian country south of China and west of Vietnam; only landlocked country in this region

Legong

A dance of the young women of the island of Bali

Leng Trot

Dancers perform this dance in Cambodia when the monsoon rains are late

Lode

deposit of minerals

Longhouse

in rural areas of Indonesia and Malaysia, a large, elevated building where people from several related families live

Malay Archipelago

South and east of mainland Southeast Asia, sometimes called the East Indies; contains 20,000 islands, stretches from the Indian Ocean to the Pacific Ocean

Malaysia

federation of states in Southeast Asia on the Malay Peninsula and the island of Borneo; largest producer of microchips

Maritime

concerned with travel or shipping by sea

Mekong River

Begins its 2,600 mile journey in China, forms border between Thailand and Laos and then meanders through Cambodia and southern Vietnam before emptying into the South China Sea; sediment deposited increases the shoreline around the delta by as much as 50 feet per year; major waterway for civilizations

Mt. Pinatubo

The 1991 eruption of this volcano was the 20th century's most powerful; located 55 miles north of the Philippine capital of Manila. It churned out lave that damaged the town of Angeles; also blanketed the United State's Clark Air Force Base with volcanic ash nearly a foot deep

Myanmar

country in Southeast Asia, south of china formerly called Burma; has the lowest GDP of the region

Paddy

flooded field in which rice is grown

Pagan

ancient capital of early Burmese empire. There are more than 2000 pagodas there.

primate city

a city that dominates a country's economy, culture, and government and in which population is concentrated; usually the capital

Rafflesia arnoldii

the world's largest flower, with a blossom 3 feet wide

Red River

(Hong) River; in Vietnam that empties into the South China Sea

Shan Plateau

In Myanmar; it's elevated and has lower temperatures than the rest of the country; climate there resembles cooler climates elsewhere, and the plateau is sometimes called "tropical Scotland"

Shifting Cultivation

clearing forests to plant fields for a few years and then abandoning them

Sickle

large, curved knife with a handle, used to cut grass or tall grains

Silat

and Indonesian practice of a combination of dancing and self-defense

Singapore

multi-island country in Southeast Asia near the tip of the Malay peninsula; extremely strict on littering

Songkran

the Water Festival, Thailand celebrates it during the Buddhist New Year; people bathe statues of the Buddha and bless one another with a sprinkling of water

Srivijaya Empire

controlled sea bordering Southeast Asia from ad 600-1300; used navy to control straits and used trade to tax; it established trade routes still used today

Subsistence Crop

a crop grown mainly to feed the farmer's family

Teak

a type of wood that is vital to the economies of Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Thailand

Tet

the Vietnamese New Year; celebration begins at the start of the lunar year and lasts 3 days

Tropical Rainforest Climate

characterized by little variation in temperature and mostly wet conditions almost year-round; 79ºF average daily temperature with hot, humid rainy condition; rainfall between 79 and 188 inches per year, 80-90% humidity; has a diverse ecosystem

Tropical Savanna Climate

second most prominent climate zone, sweeps southeastward across the Indochina Peninsula and along the southeastern parts of Indonesia; have alternate wet/dry seasons; supports tropical grasslands with scattered trees and some forests; dry season may be 4-8 moths;

Typhoon

a violent tropical storm that forms in the Pacific Ocean, usually in late summer

Urbanization

the movement of people from rural areas into cities

Vientiane

Capital of Laos

Wat

in Southeast Asia, a temple

United Kingdom

country in Western Europe that is made of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Controlled Myanmar, Singapore, Malaysia, and Brunei

United States

country in North America between Canada and Mexico. Controlled Philippines