The following information is based on exit polls. 1972 to 1988 exit polls reported here were conducted by CBS News and the New York Times. In 1990 and 1992, the national exit polls were conducted by Voter Research and Surveys (VRS). From 1994 to 2002 Voter News Service (VNS) conducted the polls, and the 2004 and 2006 exit polls were sponsored by the National Election Pool and conducted by Edison/Mitofsky.