Can we explain Newton's first law mathematically?@GreenRay Your answer is easier to understand for average people who didn't take science courses. I think that your answer is more accessible for average people who are trying to understand the basic without greek letters and in plain English. I think that's why your answer is more popular. The answer you provide is more suitable for a conversation, while bobie's answer might be more suitable and interesting for us looking for mathematical formular and a deeper understanding in relation to all the sceince who already know. You can try the two answers with someone who don't know mathematics.

Can we explain Newton's first law mathematically?@Godparticle I learnt that v=at but that implies time which is complicated. s=(t*v^2)/2 also implies the time. It would be interesting to know exmple a robot in empty space must emit or release some energy in the opposite direction he wants to go. Or other astronomy application that can be interesting making calculations with no gravity and no time. I'm going to use your example that has som less degrees of freedom than 6 (revolve a stone tied with thread at constant speed). The first force can be an astronomical freely moving particle emits another particle. Is the example interesting?

Nov23

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Can we explain Newton's first law mathematically?I want to make calculation from emission in vacuum with a large enough object (maybe a photon is not large enough). To understand changes in degrees of freedom if for example an object is in deep space far out and practically zero gravity so there is no gravity and the object makes emission spontaneous or controlled for instance a photon or larger object, then what will happen with degrees of freedom for its movement. Example an astronaut has no fuel for the spacepack and must generate an opposite force by beaming light in the opposite direction he wants to go or a similar scenario.