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Wednesday, November 14, 2007

Africa Facts of the Day

* More than 35% of Africans live in sustained-growth economies that have grown at more than 4% a year for ten years.

* In 1975-2005 the GDP per capita growth (PPP) was 0.70%; in 1995-2005 it was 1.88%.

* During accelerated growth periods the region grew 3.6% a year (per capita PPP), but shrank –2.7% during periods of growth collapses.

* In 1975-2005, the probability of observing growth acceleration and deceleration were 0.25 and 0.22, respectively. In 1995-2005, these probabilities were 0.42 and 0.12.

* Exports rose from $182 billion in 2004 to $230 billion in 2005, a 26% rise.

* Crude oil comprises more than half of total Africa’s exports.

* In two thirds of SSA countries, one or two products are responsible for at least 60% of the country’s total exports.

* On average, the merchandise export within trade blocs is 6% of total bloc exports.

* Growth volatility is five times higher in SSA than that observed in low and middle income countries, as given by the coefficient of variation of GDP per capita growth.

* In 2005 the richest 10% of African countries had 18.5 times the GDP per capita of the poorest 10%, from 10.5 times in 1975.

* In 2005, 60.5% of total net foreign direct investments in SSA went to oil exporter countries.

* The Seychelles have SSA’s highest GNI per capita ($6,666); Burundi has the lowest ($105).

* In Guinea-Bissau, the agriculture value-added as percentage of GDP is 59.2%; in Botswana it is 1.8%.

* The largest population in SSA is 131.5 million ( Nigeria); the smallest is Seychelles (0.1 million).

* It takes 14 days to start a business in the Central African Republic, and 233 days in Guinea Bissau. (IDA10).

* In the 2006/7 Doing Business Indicators, Mauritius, South Africa, Namibia, and Botswana were ranked among the top third best countries to do business, but the average rank of African countries was 136 among 178 countries.

* Access to finance, infrastructure, institutions, and skills are the constraints most often reported as “major” or “very severe” by entrepreneurs.

* It takes 7% of GNI per capita to start a business in South Africa and 1195 per cent in Sierra Leone. (IDA 9)

* The average CPIA score in 2006 was 3.2, from 2.8 in 1996, and 27 of 36 countries evaluated in both years improved their scores.

* The best CPIA ratings in 2006 were in macroeconomic management and trade policy.

* South Africa uses the most electric power per person (4,884.8kW/h); Ethiopia uses the least (32.7 kW/h).

* Burundi has the highest proportion of women in its labor force (90.5% 2005); Sudan has the lowest (22.5%).

* Niger has the highest proportion of men in its labor force (95.1%); Namibia has the lowest (62.7%).

* In South Africa, the poorest 20 per cent have 3.5% of national consumption; in Ethiopia they have 9.1%. (MDG 1).

* Thirty three percent of children who start first grade reaches grade five in Chad; in Mauritius 97% reach fifth grade. (MDG 2).

* The lowest net primary enrolment ratio is found in Djibouti (33.3%); the highest is in Sao Tome and Principe (96.7 per cent). (MDG 2).

* In Swaziland more than one in every three 15-49 year olds has contracted HIV (33.4%); the rate is six in every thousand in Mauritania.

* Mauritius has the highest life expectancy (73 years); Botswana has the lowest (35 years).

* In the last decade Rwanda and Uganda have made the greatest gains in live expectancy: 12 and 7 years respectively. Conversely, life expectancy has decreased 21 years in Botswana, 17 years in Lesotho, and 16 years in Swaziland.

* The Seychelles have the highest adult literacy rate (92%); Mali and Burkina Faso have the lowest (24%).

* In Seychelles 92% of women are literate; the figure is 13% for Chad and 15% for Niger.

* In Mauritius there are 22 children per primary school teacher; there are 72 in Ethiopia.

* In Sierra Leone two women die for every 100 live births; in Mauritius 24 die per 100,000 live births. (MDG 5)

* In Burundi, 56.8% of children under the age of 5 are short for their age; in Gambia it is 19.2%.

* In South Africa, 2.5% of population are below the minimum dietary energy consumption; in Eritrea, 75% are below.

* Nearly one child in two under the age of five is underweight in Burundi (45.1%); in Swaziland it is one in 10. (MDG 4)

* In Ethiopia, 22% of the population has access to a safe source of water. In Mauritius, it is 100%. (MDG 7)

* South Africa has 724.3 mobile phones per 1000 people; Ethiopia has the least with 5.8 per 1000 people.

* In Chad, 9% of the population has access to improved sanitation facilities; in Mauritius 94% have such access.

* In Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia and Niger 2 persons out of a thousand are Internet users; there are 249 in every thousand people in Seychelles, which also has 189 computers per 1000 people. (MDG 8).

* In 2004 the poverty headcount ratio at $1 a day was 41% of population from 47% in 1990.

* In South Africa 10.7% of the people live under $1 per day (PPP); 70.8% do so in Nigeria. (MDG 1, IDA 1)

* In Sierra Leone 165 out of 1,000 children die before the age of one; in Seychelles the rate is 12 per 1,000. (MDG 4)

* In Sierra Leone 282 children per 1,000 die before the age of five; in Seychelles, the rate is 13 per 1,000. (MDG 4, IDA 2)

1 comment:

And once again I ask why it is that economists, who are supposedly trained in mathematics, seem unable to handle the most basic units properly.

The unit of electrical power usage is (kW h/a), ie kilowatt hours/annum, NOT kW/h.(There are alternative ways to write this, of course. You could write J/a, or you could write W, or you could even use kJ/h though neither would be especially natural. The one you cannot write is kW/h.)