NASA in the World: Fifty Years of International by John Krige;Angelina Long Callahan;Ashok Maharaj

By John Krige;Angelina Long Callahan;Ashok Maharaj

The nationwide Aeronautics and area management is usually considered in nationwide phrases - as an American initiative constructed in particular to compete with the Soviet Union. but, from its inception, NASA used to be mandated not just to maintain US management in area, but in addition to pursue overseas collaboration. due to the fact that that point, it has participated in over 4 thousand foreign initiatives. Drawing on exceptional entry to service provider files and group of workers, this definitive research explores US-Soviet cooperation through the darkest days of the chilly struggle, kin with Western Europe, India, and Japan, the improvement of the overseas house Station, and plenty of different features of medical and technological collaboration, making it a sign contribution to area experiences and foreign diplomatic history.

This ebook constitutes the refereed lawsuits of the nineteenth overseas convention on Algorithmic studying conception, ALT 2008, held in Budapest, Hungary, in October 2008, co-located with the eleventh foreign convention on Discovery technology, DS 2008. The 31 revised complete papers provided including the abstracts of five invited talks have been rigorously reviewed and chosen from forty six submissions.

This ebook constitutes the refereed court cases of the ninth foreign convention on info platforms protection, ICISS 2013, held in Kolkata, India, in December 2013. The 20 revised complete papers and six brief papers offered including three invited papers have been conscientiously reviewed and chosen from eighty two submissions.

This ebook brings jointly a global number of unique papers the affects of the new liberalization measures within the delivery zone. It encompasses a variety of zone reviews which specialise in the deregulation of nations comparable to Switzerland and Australia in addition to the wider ecu standpoint.

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By maintaining “clean” technological interfaces, and by regulating knowledge flows across them, NASA was able to protect its cutting-edge science and technology to secure American preeminence while sharing knowledge and skills that foreign partners still valued. 2 13 Benefits of NASA’s international programs in Western Europe Scientific/ Technical Benefits Attracts brainpower to work on challenging research problems Shapes foreign programs to be compatible with US effort by encouraging others to “do it our way” Limits foreign funds for space activities that are competitive or less compatible with US space interests Obtains outstanding experiments from non-US investigators Obtains coordinated or simultaneous observations from multiple investigators Opens doors for US scientists to participate in foreign programs Economic Benefits Has contributed over $2 billion in cost savings and contributions to NASA’s space effort Improves the balance of trade by creating new markets for US aerospace products Political Benefits Creates a positive image of the United States among scientific, technical, and official elites Encourages European unity by working with multinational institutions Reinforces the image of US openness in contrast to the secrecy of the Soviet space program Uses space technology as a tool of diplomacy to serve broader foreign policy objectives Source: Adapted from John Logsdon, “US-European Cooperation in Space Science: A 25-Year Perspective,” Science 223:4631 (January 6, 1984): 11–16.

The rigidity that had marked 40 years of US-Soviet rivalry and the framework for collaboration that it had defined had now collapsed. ” The political and military rationales for collaboration with Western allies—and the subordination of economic considerations to geostrategic concerns during the Cold War—would come back to haunt the United States: the technological gap was no more and erstwhile allies were now economic competitors. As the Soviet Empire crumbled “the Bush administration, in a sharp reversal of prior practice, [.

These were never delivered, presumably because of the presence of communist ministers in the postwar French government and in important scientific organizations. A ballistic missile research laboratory was established at Vernon in May 1946 to exploit the spoils of war, a test range was built at Colomb-Béchar in the Sahara Desert, and 123 German engineers and technicians who had been involved in Von Braun’s program at Peenemü nde were employed under contract to work on missiles for the French military.