Though the United States media have published a number of stories deriding China's intellectual property protection, those articles nearly always neglect to mention that in most instances involving trademarks, the fault lies with the foreign company, not with Chinese enforcement. The reality is that many foreign companies fail to register their trademarks in China and thus have no real right to complain about any "infringement" there. To expect protection, foreign companies must register their trademarks in China and the prudent company does this before going in.

There are actually a number of people in China who make a living by usurping foreign trademarks and then selling a license to that trademark to the original license holder. Once one comes to grip with the fact that China, like most of the rest of the world is a "first to file" country, one can understand how easy this usurpation is, and also, how easy it is to prevent it.

The fact that you are manufacturing your product in China just for export does not in any way minimize the need for you to protect your trademark. Once someone registers "your" trademark in China, they have the power to stop your goods at the border and prevent them from leaving China.

The key to protecting a trademark in China is actually very simple: register it in China.

China's trademark requirements are actually quite similar to those in most other countries. The trademark must not conflict with an existing Chinese trademark and it must be distinctive. China allows for registration of all marks for goods, services, collective marks and certification marks.

China's Trademark Office maintains a centralized database of all registered and applied-for trademarks. Trademark applications that pass a preliminary screening are published by the Trademark Office and subject to a three month period for objection. If there are no objections within this three month period, or if the Chinese Trademark Office rejects the objections as frivolous, the trademark is registered. If the Chinese Trademark Office supports an objection, it will deny the application. Denied applications may be appealed to the State Administration of Industry and Commerce Trademark Review & Approval Board and then to the People's Court. Based on our experience, objections to trademarks are rare.

A Chinese trademark gives foreign companies a surprising amount of protection in China. If a foreign company learns that its trademark is being infringed in China, it has a number of actions available to it.

We usually advise our clients to pursue a multi-pronged approach to protect an infringed upon trademark and to pursue the infringer. The foreign trademark owner should usually file a lawsuit against the infringer, seeking damages and an injunction stopping the infringer from continuing to sell the infringing goods. The Chinese courts in the more commercialized regions are actually quite willing to enforce China's trademark laws, even for foreign companies. Trademark infringement is a crime in China. For serious cases of infringement, a complaint to the office of the public prosecutor can often result in a criminal prosecution against the infringer. The Chinese police will close the offending operation and seize the counterfeit goods. The courts are authorized to impose both fines and imprisonment. Finally, if the counterfeit goods are destined for export, a notice to the Chinese customs authorities will prevent export of the counterfeit goods.

Following is the FAQs of trademark registration in China

How much is the trademark registration in China for one class?525 US$, governmental fee is 150 US$, our fee 375 US$.

Are there some other extra fees?For one class you can specify 10 goods or service. More than 10, more fee. For each one additional goods or service, 20 US dollars, which is merely governmental fee, our fee: none. Which classes do you recommend?Class 7.

Which information's do you need from our side?We only need you to fill 2 forms, one is the Power of Attorney with your signiture, the other is the application form together with 15 printed copies of your mark image, among them 2 copies of black and white, image size should not be larger than 10x10cm, not smaller than 5x5cm.

What is the registration procedure like and how long will the registration procedure last?The procedure is like this:We submit to the Trademark Office of China the application material, in one month, the Office gives us an Acception Acknowledgement(after doing some formal examination). Then the Office will do preliminary examination, after the preliminary examination, if there is no problem, the Office will publish a preliminary examination proclamatory on the Trademark Gazette. Time from acception to publishing cannot be specified. According to our experience it should not be longer than 6 to 9 months. After publishing the preliminary examination gazette, there is 3 months for the public to check and raise opposition. If in the 3 months, no oppostion raised, the Trademark Office will publish a registration proclamatory on the Trademark Gazette. One and a half months after that we will get the Trademark Registration Certificate.Time above-mentioned amounts to 1 year approximately according to our experience. The Office officially says the time is 14 to 18 months, if the preliminary examination does not pass and re-examination needed or the public files opposition, the time will be longer.

The following is the summary:

Submit material -> Formal Examination -> Acception Acknowledgement

1 months

Preliminary Examination -> Gazette Publishing

not certain

Time for Public Examination

3 months

Registration Proclamatory -> Certificate

1.5 months

Total

14-18 months or longer

How long will the registration be valid?Once you get the Trademark Certificate, your mark is a registered trademark.

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