During her brief career, she wrote novels, treatises, a travel narrative, a history of the French Revolution, a conduct book, and a children's book. Wollstonecraft is best known for A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), in which she argues that women are not naturally inferior to men, but appear to be only because they lack education. She suggests that both men and women should be treated as rational beings and imagines a social order founded on reason. Until the late 20th century, Wollstonecraft's life, which encompassed several unconventional personal relationships, received more attention than her writing.

Mary Shelley. Mary Shelley (née Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin; 30 August 1797 – 1 February 1851) was an English novelist, short story writer, dramatist, essayist, biographer, and travel writer, best known for her Gothic novel Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus (1818).

She also edited and promoted the works of her husband, the Romantic poet and philosopher Percy Bysshe Shelley. Her father was the political philosopher William Godwin, and her mother was the philosopher and feminist Mary Wollstonecraft. Mary Godwin's mother died when she was eleven days old; afterwards, she and her older half-sister, Fanny Imlay, were raised by her father.

Epicurus. Epicurus (/ˌɛpɪˈkjʊərəs/ or /ˌɛpɪˈkjɔːrəs/;[2] Greek: Ἐπίκουρος, Epíkouros, "ally, comrade"; 341–270 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher as well as the founder of the school of philosophy called Epicureanism.

Only a few fragments and letters of Epicurus's 300 written works remain. Much of what is known about Epicurean philosophy derives from later followers and commentators. For Epicurus, the purpose of philosophy was to attain the happy, tranquil life, characterized by ataraxia—peace and freedom from fear—and aponia—the absence of pain—and by living a self-sufficient life surrounded by friends. He taught that pleasure and pain are the measures of what is good and evil; death is the end of both body and soul and should therefore not be feared; the gods neither reward nor punish humans; the universe is infinite and eternal; and events in the world are ultimately based on the motions and interactions of atoms moving in empty space. Biography[edit] The school[edit] Teachings[edit]
Socrates. Socrates (/ˈsɒkrətiːz/;[2] Greek: Σωκράτης [sɔːkrátɛːs], Sōkrátēs; 470/469 – 399 BC)[1] was a classical Greek (Athenian) philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy.

He is an enigmatic figure known chiefly through the accounts of classical writers, especially the writings of his students Plato and Xenophon and the plays of his contemporary Aristophanes. Plato's dialogues are among the most comprehensive accounts of Socrates to survive from antiquity, though it is unclear the degree to which Socrates himself is "hidden behind his 'best disciple', Plato".[3] Through his portrayal in Plato's dialogues, Socrates has become renowned for his contribution to the field of ethics, and it is this Platonic Socrates who lends his name to the concepts of Socratic irony and the Socratic method, or elenchus.

Nietzsche. Philosophy as the Great Naïveté. Jason Stanley interviewed by Richard Marshall.

Jason Stanley is a multi-groove philosopher at Rutgers. He translated some Frege with Richard Heck.
The Splintered Skeptic. Eric Schwitzgebel interviewed by Richard Marshall.

Eric Schwitzgebel is a mad dog crazyist philosopher at the University of California, Riverside and argues really cool and smart ideas. He also hosts one of the top philosophy blogs, The Splintered Mind and writes books about his thoughts. He likes to have experiments to back up his philosophy, so he’s a kind of experimental philosophy guy like Josh Knobe. This means that there’s always a burning armchair somewhere in the background of his thoughts.
George Steiner, a certain idea of knowledge.

Literature, philosophy, science: today, our tools for understanding the world are developing separately, regrets the renowned intellectual and humanist.

However, culture remains a saving grace, particularly in Europe. Excerpts. Nietzsche, Heraclitus and Dante are the heroes of his new book, The Poetry of Thought, but for the moment they can wait. George Steiner welcomes us into his house in Cambridge with a whimsical anecdote delivered over coffee and panettone: when the Eurostar was launched, he offered a shilling to the first child to see a fish in the Channel Tunnel. “The parents were appalled,” remarks the professor of comparative literature.

In 1940, the family sailed for New York on the last boat to leave Genoa.
What Anscombe Intended & Other Puzzles. Kieran Setiya interviewed by Richard Marshall.

Kieran Setiya is a chillin’ philosopher in Pittsburgh. He’s thinking hard about knowing right from wrong and has written a book about this coming out soon. He wrote a book called and wonders whether moral theory corrupts youth. He wrote about knowledge of our intentions in the recent seminal book .
Bertrand Russell (1872-1970)
Brief Lives Alistair MacFarlane reveals paradoxes in the long life of the third Earl Russell. Bertrand Russell, third Earl Russell, was born on 18th May 1872 at Cleddon Hall, Monmouthshire, into one of the great political families of Britain. His grandfather, Lord John Russell, the Whig politician and first Earl, who twice became Prime Minister, steered the 1832 Reform Act through Parliament.

John Stuart Mill was Bertrand’s godfather, and young Bertie was introduced to Queen Victoria when he was two years old. Russell became a great and innovative philosopher, but he had politics in his genes.
Heidegger On Philosophy Itself. It would seem that in order do philosophy at all, one must first know what philosophy is. Like many other philosophers, Martin Heidegger has a unique answer to the question “What is philosophy?” This paper will examine comments Heidegger has made on the nature and use of philosophy.
How Are We Getting Epicurious?
The Meanings That Come From a Greek Philosopher By Philologos Published February 27, 2012, issue of March 02, 2012.
Of Hume and Bondage. Wittgenstein’s camera. “Don’t think, look!” - Ludwig Wittgenstein The woman with the haunted look staring back out of the photograph has never existed.

Rethinking the formula of humanity. Japa Pallikkathayil interviewed by Richard Marshall. Japa Pallikkathayil is a funky new philosopher in New York University. She discusses the relationship between morality and politics. She knows there are layers to the problems facing women in philosophy.
Eric Schwitzgebel: Black and, Err, White. Green Guy, Pete Mandik, 2003. Photograph by Rachelle Mandik by Eric Schwitzgebel Many philosophers consider the era of “modern” philosophy to begin with René Descartes’s Discourse on Method (1637) and Meditations on First Philosophy (1641).

In these works, Descartes aims to ground human knowledge of the external, material world – the world of the newly arising modern science – upon a secure, indubitable foundation.
Peter Singer and Tyler Cowen transcript. Spinoza and The First Amendment. The Stone is a forum for contemporary philosophers and other thinkers on issues both timely and timeless.