BACKGROUND: Lucid dreams occur when a person becomes aware that he or she is dreaming while still in the dream state. Previous reports on the use of lucid dreaming in the treatment of nightmares do not contain adequate baseline data, follow-up data, or both. METHODS: A treatment of recurrent nightmares ...

Two Class III cases are described which are treated first during childhood with orthopedics and later by a second stage with orthodontics using bonded braces. One case was treated solely with a chin cup and the other with a chin cup, disjunction and anterior traction. Profile and occlusion changes are ...

Excess scarring caused by pathologically overabundant collagen deposition is a problem known by all surgeons. Such complications to wound healing known as hypertrophic scars and keloids might turn out aesthetically unacceptable to the patient and some scars might even cause anatomic dysfunction. Reviewing the literature in planning a strategy of ...

Delusional repetitiveness as a peculiar form of delusional remembrance is very rare in the literature and has not been considered in detail. the author presents a schizophrenic case with delusional repetitiveness and considers its features and meaning in treatment. The patient's feelings about a deadlock in treatment were substantiated in ...

Proper management of a malocclusion relies on a basic understanding of the development of the dentition and the craniofacial complex. Diagnosis should only be formulated after all the relevant diagnostic records, including clinical examination and history, are reviewed. Armed with this information, the dentist forms the treatment plan. The mere ...

The brown recluse spider in commonly found throughout the midsouth region of the United States. Bites from the brown recluse occur when the spider is trapped in clothing or its nest is otherwise disturbed. The bite may be undetected by the patient until hours or days later when a characteristic ...

OBJECTIVE: We report a rare case of paraffinoma of penis. A one-stage surgical treatment achieved optimal aesthetic and functional results. METHODS: We evaluated a 32-year-old man who self injected paraffin into his penis to facilitate erection and increase potency. After two months of paraffin oil injection, sclerosis and retraction produced ...

Problems such as encopresis are perceived as "normal' for some populations. For example, within the field of learning disability, little serious study has been devoted to either prevalence or aetiology of encopresis. Treatment issues have been obscured by problems of definition and aetiology. Treatment reports are rare despite the apparent ...

Ideally gingival degloving following a traumatic episode should be treated as soon as possible by repositioning the displaced gingivae and mucosa. The cases reported are of degloving in the primary and permanent dentition. In both cases immediate assistance was sought from health professionals but no treatment was offered. The delay ...

This case report details the successful treatment of extensive, facial traumatic tattooing in an adult male. The Q-switched ruby laser was utilized. It is demonstrated to be an excellent tool for the treatment of traumatic tattooing. The results achieved are superior to other methods and complications reported with other treatment ...

We report the case of a 61-year-old woman who presented bilateral blindness at the age of nineteen. Although she did not receive any treatment, she did not present any other symptoms through 40 years of follow-up. After reviewing the literature, we have not found any case of bilateral blindness as ...

We describe a patient with severe symptomatic thrombocytopenia and haemolytic anaemia caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. As far as we know, this is the second case in the literature. Treatment with ganciclovir seemed to be more effective for thrombocytopenia than treatment with corticosteroids. The hypothetical mechanisms leading to thrombocytopenia and ...

Lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis and chromoblastomycosis are subcutaneous mycoses caused by traumatic implantation of the fungus into the skin. Medical treatments for chromoblastomycosis has been disappointing, while lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis usually responds well to iodides. Here we present a case of chromomycosis and a case of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis. Both patients were treated successfully ...

The case of a 20 year old autistic woman with disabling repetitive behaviour that responded dramatically to treatment with fluvoxamine is reported. The connection between repetitive symptoms in autism and obsessive-compulsive disorder is considered, and the need for further evaluation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in autism is discussed.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the percent of cases with all primary forms of exudative age-related macular degeneration that are eligible for treatment by the Macular Photocoagulation Study (MPS) guidelines in a retina clinic serving both as a primary care center and as a referral center. DESIGN: Fluorescein angiograms of patients with ...

Rhinophyma is an uncommon condition that often results in both functional as well as cosmetic impairment. Different treatment modalities have been devised, with varying degrees of success. A review of the pathophysiology of this condition, together with the authors' experience in managing 76 cases utilizing six different treatment methods, is ...

OBJECTIVE: The authors reviewed the recent literature regarding the treatment of catatonia as a syndrome of multiple etiologies. Given the historical and clinical association of catatonia with schizophrenia, the authors' examined the assumption that the first-line treatment of catatonia is antipsychotic medication. METHODS: Articles published between January 1, 1985 and ...

Clinical infection with Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) in the neonate is an unusual occurrence. We present a case of T. vaginalis in a 2-week-old girl with vaginal discharge. Our patient had complete resolution of symptoms after treatment with metronidazole. We found few references in the medical literature on the treatment ...

INTRODUCTION-The aim of this case report is to present a 15-year follow-up of a patient with phenytoin (PHT) intoxication with unilateral gingival hyperplasia (GH). MATERIAL AND METHODS-A 50-year-old woman was followed-up for 15 years clinically and paraclinically after a heavy PHT intoxication. Her immunoglobulins in serum were checked on PHT ...

BACKGROUND: Some candidates for clozapine treatment may be unable to be given the drug. They may be so severely ill that they cannot or will not ingest a pill; their psychosis may have so compromised their physical status that use of clozapine, which produces a broad range of side effects, ...

The following is a case report of occlusal treatment for involuntary mandibular movement occurring in a 79-year old woman. This was diagnosed as sulpiride-induced tardive dyskinesia. The patient had been treated with sulpiride to improve gastrointestinal symptoms for five years until the onset of involuntary mandibular movement. The involuntary movement ...

Because of the recent lack of availability of streptomycin--currently considered the drug of choice for the treatment of tularemia--we reviewed the literature on alternative drugs that have been used for this purpose. In addition, we reviewed data on the in vitro susceptibility of Francisella tularensis to a wide variety of ...

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) can be precipitated by a variety of events. We report two cases of RSD in hemiplegic patients detected within three months of the cerebrovascular accidents. Diagnosis of RSD was based upon clinical and scintigraphic findings. Management included elevation, range of movement of the affected joints and ...

We experienced a 63-year-old male with a typical finding of endogenous Candida endophthalmitis. Candida albicans was cultured from the vitreous tapping. The patient received oral fluconazole treatment and the symptom improved. In this report, the clinical manifestations of endogenous Candida endophthalmitis and the experience of fluconazole treatment were reported.

Topical application of the vitamin D analogue calcipotriol has been found to be of clinical value in the treatment of dermatological disorders. This is considered to be safe with respect to alterations in calcium homeostasis. We report a 17-year-old female patient who developed hypercalcaemic crisis after excessive use of calcipotriol ...

Rhinophyma is a benign tumor of the nose. It possesses both functional and cosmetic implications. The pathophysiology of the disease is reviewed to illustrate the basis for the treatment options. Many different therapeutic modalities have been reported in the literature, each with reasonable success. A new treatment approach to this ...

Topical nitroglycerin ointment has been studied in the laboratory as a possible treatment for impotence of various etiologies. However, there is limited information on the topical administration of nitroglycerin in a natural environment allowing normal sexual function. We report 3 cases of impotence that were successfully treated with topical nitroglycerin ...

Five cases of adder bites are presented. The clinical effects and current recommendations for the treatment of adder bites are described based on a review of previously published literature. All adder bites, or snake bites of unknown species, should be observed for a minimum of 2 h. Those with no ...

Condylar hyperplasia is defined and its aetiology and prevalence are briefly reviewed. A case is presented to illustrate how the progressive nature of the condition can create problems for the clinician, particularly during orthodontic treatment of a child or adolescent patient. The benefits of interceptive surgery are illustrated, although such ...

Utilization review of treatment for chemical dependence has become increasingly important as evidence accumulates that outpatient treatment can be effective in many cases. The authors discuss the basic questions that guide utilization review of treatment for chemical dependence, summarize research that has led to the increasing emphasis on outpatient and ...

Hand and forearm replantation in children may lead to premature closure of the distal radial or ulnar growth-plates. Following successful replantation, bone growth may be retarded, resulting in a length discrepancy between the radius and ulna with secondary deviation of the replanted hand. We present two cases in which callus ...

Patients' fear of and objection to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) have complicated the administration of this modality since its inception. Despite modifications in technique and pretreatment education over the years, these problems have not disappeared. The author discusses the literature on fear of convulsive therapy and provides three case examples from ...

We report six patients with chloracne, unresponsive to conventional therapy, whose lesions were cleared by treatment with EMLA (eutectic mixture of lignocaine [lidocaine] 25 mg/g and prilocaine 25 mg/g) topical anaesthesia and light cautery. To the best of our knowledge, this form of treatment for chloracne has not previously been ...

The purpose of this report is to review the orthodontic treatment of a patient with a Class III malocclusion who was treated nonsurgically with extraction of the mandibular first premolars. The basis for this treatment approach is presented, and the final treatment result reviewed. Important factors to consider when establishing ...

Little attention has been paid to repetitive nightmares and their direct treatment. Hypnosis appears to be a treatment of choice for these nightmares, and techniques for hypnotic treatment may be based upon whether the nightmare mirrors an actual experience of the patient. A new technique that reframes the waking point ...

Most published reports on the treatment of altitude-induced decompression sickness (DCS) deal exclusively with patients treated with hyperbaric oxygenation. Little information exists on the role of normobaric (ground level) oxygenation as a primary treatment modality for altitude-induced DCS. This study reports the U.S. Air Force experience in the treatment of ...

Luteal phase deficiency is thought to be a cause of female infertility. Nevertheless, little agreement exists concerning either its diagnosis or its treatment. To address the latter question, we reviewed the English literature and examined the effect of treatment on pregnancy rates. One randomized controlled trial found a statistically insignificant ...

A census of 12,730 Medicare-eligible ESRD patients identified in the USRDS database as living in Michigan or as having received treatment in Michigan between 1977 and 1987 was compared to the 13,424 ESRD patients listed in the Michigan Kidney Registry (MKR) who were alive between 1977 and 1987. Of 7,600 ...

A case report involving buspirone hydrochloride in the successful treatment of a patient with an atypical paraphilia and transvestic fetishism is presented. Treatment outcome was assessed by the patient's self-report as well as by retrospective examination of detailed notes about paraphilia fantasies which unknown to the therapists, had been kept ...

Three foals under four weeks old and two under six months old with a history of oesophageal obstruction, had oesophageal strictures of different characters in the rostral cervical oesophagus. One case, which was complicated by severe inhalation pneumonia, was euthanased without any treatment and in another initial treatment by bougienage ...

The initial oral findings and treatment in 50 cases of mucous membrane pemphigoid are presented. Histologic and immunologic studies were undertaken in each case to confirm the clinical diagnosis. The treatments prescribed are summarized and illustrate that topical steroids are effective, but in some cases systemic steroid therapy with or ...

The environment can have a profound impact on human performance. Over the past decade there has been considerable interest in the scientific study of the human ability of to protect oneself against heat and cold. This new knowledge has led to a better understanding of physiology and resulted in better ...

Intrathecal methylprednisolone acetate (IT-MPA) treatments have been reported to be beneficial and safe for the treatment of low back problems and especially "failed back" problems, which include adhesive arachnoiditis. Other reports, however, have stressed the potential dangers of this treatment and have advised against its use. Many of these papers ...

OBJECTIVE: Premature ejaculation is the most prevalent male sexual dysfunction. The present article is a comprehensive review of the literature on premature ejaculation. METHOD: This critical discussion of the literature evaluates the definitional issues, theoretical conceptualizations, assessment strategies, and treatment alternatives for premature ejaculation. RESULTS: The review integrates the most ...

As can be seen from this report, multifactorial considerations are often present in an orthodontic case. Office policy considerations regarding interoffice communications should be reviewed periodically as to their sufficiency. Interpersonal communications are vitally important from both a risk management standpoint and also from the perspective of maintaining a good ...

Abnormalities of occlusal development manifest themselves clinically as a need for orthodontic treatment. There are many circumstances in which there is an interaction between traditional pediatric concerns and occlusal abnormalities. In some cases medical treatment impacts on the development of occlusion. In other cases, occlusal abnormalities contribute to clinical conditions ...

Two cases of simple phobia demonstrate the inadequacies of both behavioral and psychodynamic theories. These cases and their treatment outcomes provide support for the state-dependent memory and learning theory. Hypnosis and ideomotor signaling proved to be not only effective treatments but also useful means of illuminating the role and nature ...

Many aspects of pediatric neuro-oncology including epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment are covered by this review. Important advances in the treatment of hydrocephalus and craniosynostosis are also reviewed. A number of congenital conditions involving the cranium and spinal cord are analyzed with respect to optimal treatment and new experimental data are ...

A case of septicemia caused by Agrobacterium radiobacter is reported in a patient undergoing chemotherapy treatment who had recently been neutropenic. Agrobacterium radiobacter was isolated from the Hickman line blood culture. The patient responded favorably to removal of the Hickman catheter and treatment with amikacin and piperacillin. The molecular and ...

A previously diagnosed patient population of 109 volunteers having temporomandibular dysfunction agreed to undergo pretreatment and post-treatment thermographic examination. In 1988, at the time of this study, a contact liquid crystal thermographic unit was utilized in accordance with the protocol advocated by the Academy of Neuro-Muscular Thermography. The examination consisted ...