[10] The “Presentation” claims that “[n]o radioactivity release through the sea water cooling is possible” not because there will be no radioactivity but because “this loop is physically separated by three levels from the coolant loop which enters the reactor.” The “Presentation” does acknowledge that “some low and medium level waste would be generated in the station which is treated inside the plant. Very low level effluents from these would be generated.” But there is hardly any more concrete information about this important issue and the report simply says “there are norms and limits for their releases.” Gaseous routine emissions will be there and they are “filtered in High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) and Activated Charcoal filters before discharge to the Stack.”

According to the report, the “authorized limit of low level effluents through air and water from KKNPP is restricted” and “it will not lead to more than around 4.36 percent of the dose limit for the public recommended by ICRP (1mSv). The limits of concentrations in aquatic and atmospheric releases are fixed in such a way that “the dose will never exceed the authorized limits” and the concentrations of discharges through stack are monitored continuously. The “Presentation” also says that the “activity levels of liquid discharge are monitored daily to ensure this.” Moreover, the environmental survey program of the ESL will assess the impact on the flora and fauna and in estimating the dose to members of the public. ESL is said to be monitoring the environment around the plant and has been collecting and analyzing samples of water, air, soil, flora and fauna from 2003, which forms the baseline data. The report says “[t]his activity will be continued throughout the entire lifetime of the Plant and records maintained.”

The “Presentation” says: “we feel that the radiation safety of the people around KKNPP is guaranteed and there would be no impact of the operation of the power station on the public.” Although people in the high background radiation areas of Kerala are exposed to more than 10 times the natural radiation, “no deleterious effect could be noticed” among them. The report further claims “no genetic effects even amongst the progenies of the Hiroshima Nagasaki atomic bomb victims.” The report questions: “When this is the fact how a small percent (1%) of the natural radiation does that might be received around nuclear power stations lead to any genetic effect or cancer incidence?” The report concludes: “The fear about genetic effects of radiation around nuclear sites is more psychological and is contrary to scientific facts.”

The report talks about collecting baseline data on health concerns. If the health concern is only “psychological” why should we “evaluate the impact due to the operation of the station later”? The report concludes that “investigations show that only certain type of cancers notably that of thyroid is due to the effect of radiation.” Dr. Shantha, a member of the Expert Group, has said that there is no connection between radiation and cancer (Dinamalar, November 19, 2011).

[12] The safe grade elevation of KKNPP site is 7.5 m above MSL and a shore protection bund is constructed along the shore to a height of 8 m to MSL. It is pertinent to note the tsunami waves of December 26, 2004 reached the top of Thiruvalluvar statue that is 133 feet high.

[13] According to the report, “the lethal temperature of fin & shell fishes was found to be between 38.2 and 43.2 C.” The maximum possible surface sea water temperature of Koodankulam areas is 29 C during summer months and the temperature rise is stipulated by MoEF as 7 C. The maximum temperature at discharge point will be 36 C which may not harm any fish. The report asserts that “fish, being a cold blooded animal, it can adjust the body temperature with that of environment within the sub lethal temperature and a rise in body temperature will enhance all biological activities, including growth and production.” The report also establishes that “the fish and prawns will have the capacity to sense the change in temperature in ambient water and try to avoid and move away from the adverse condition, if any, from the point of discharge.” Although the report claims that Tarapur and Kalpakkam plants have not “shown any adverse effects on Marine life including the fish.”

[14] The “Presentation” claims that “there will not be any impact on the land environment as discharges are insignificant.” According to the EIA, the land use classification in 30 kms radius of the plant site based on satellite mapping. The land use/land cover classification indicates 8.73% area covered by vegetation, 8.73% are covered by barren land, 23.39% are covered by scrubland, 8.52% area covered by sandy area, 0.08% built-up area, 49.68% water body including sea, river etc.

[15] KKNPP is located in Indian Seismic Zone II, the least seismic potential region. The “Presentation” also claims that the most intense earthquake experienced in the 300km region is the one that occurred at Coimbatore on 08/02/1900 (6.0 in the Richter scale). There have been quite a few significant tremors in the Koodankulam area. On February 9, 2003 at 9:45 pm there was a tremor at Palayankottai. On March 19, 2006 at 6:50 pm there were tremors at several villages around Koodankulam such as Kannankulam, Anjugramam, Azhagappapuram, Mylaudi, Swamithoppu etc. On March 21, 2006 at 1:30 am and 5:00 am there were tremors in Karur district. In August 2011 there were tremors in 7 districts of Tamil Nadu. On November 19, 2011 at 4:10 pm, there was an earthquake south of Kanyakumari that measured 5.2 on the Richter scale.

[16] The “Presentation” claims that the “emergency exercise including the off-site emergency exercise that may require evacuation of a section of the population, are carried out accordingly.” In fact, no such exercise has been done so far. It is claimed that “emergency plan for actions to be taken in public domain during any off-site emergency were prepared and provided to District Authorities.” It is not clear when and what was done.

Emergency procedures are included in “Emergency Preparedness Plans” Vol-1 and Vol-2 documents. The KKNPP plants are tested periodically by conduct of emergence exercises such that any deficiency can be observed and corrected. Plant emergency exercise is conducted once in 3 months, site emergency is conducted once in a year, and the off-site emergency is conducted once in two years. A detailed training program was conducted by the District Collector for the officials from Revenue, Social Welfare, Fire, Health, Agriculture, Fisheries, Irrigation, Forest, Animal Husbandry, Electricity Board, Transport, Local Administration and police departments.

[17] The sanctioned cost of the KKNPP 1 & 2 is Rs. 13,171 crores including interest during construction. About half of the cost is financed by Russia and it has to be repaid in 14 annual installments after the commissioning of the plant. The report claims that the “set back in project completion schedule has resulted in revision of the cost estimates.”

[18] The decommissioning cost is met by a levy of 2 paise per Kwh charged along with tariff to create a corpus. This levy is reviewed periodically to meet the fund requirements and revised. Some of the Indian NPPs have undergone significant renovation and modernization activities including replacement of components like pressure tubes and fittings, feeder pipes etc. This experience has demonstrated that “technology for such dismantlement activities, that are similar to decommissioning, is available in the country.” The radioactive waste arising from decommissioning is not significantly different from normal operation although its volume will be comparatively large. According to the report, “In India we have good experience in handling and disposal of such waste.”

In the final analysis, this “Presentation” is hardly scientific and does not tell anything concrete or useful. This wishy-washy report does not allay the fears and concerns of the people; in fact, it aggravates the people’s fears by hiding all the vital information about the KKNPP project. The PMANE expert team that is going to meet on November 27, 2011 in Chennai will respond to this “Presentation” officially.

Fishermen protest mid-sea in Koodankulam on the World Fisheries Day, November 21, 2011

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15 member expert committee constituted by central Govt comprises experts from all fields related to the issue. They are mainly from Tamilnadu and particularly from southern Tamilnadu where the KKNPP is located. It is to be noted that local experts have reaffirmed the safety of KKNPP in line with many national and international experts including Dr.Kalam.
We may also note that 36 days of strike has accumulated loss of Crores of rupees which is finally to be borne by tax payers. KKNPP is not only needed for Tamiladu to remove 8 hours of power cuts in industrial areas like Tiruppur,Coimbatore,Erode and Salem but also for international cooperation with our friend Russia.
Therefore un-debated issues, un -submitted documents, in-established facts can not be the reasons for stopping the prestigious Kudankulam plant which is ready to power the southern grid with 2000MW of electricity which is also the need of time in Tamilnadu.

http://www.socialism.in Jagadish G Chandra

In response to Durai, Prestigious for whom? Do you choose life or prestige. Secondly, Tax payers , are the people of Idinthakarai, Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu not paying taxes? Who are the local experts? All these national and international experts are promoting the interests of pro-nuclear lobby, and for them it is truly prestigious to peddle this line.
Un-debated!!? please get your experts up for a debate, in fact we challenge the Indian state for a referendum on the issue involving the people of Koodankulam.
Power shortages can be removed by opting for abundantly available alternate sources of clean energy, Solar, Wind, Tidal, and Hydel Progects, for which you need the will to invest, the present vested interests who are the helm of affairs are not interested as their are no immediate and huge profits. Only a people centic giverment of the commoners would proceed to that job, the struggle against Koodankulam Nuclear plant is awakening the masses to search and find answers on the issue of Whose Democracy, Who pays the taxes most, who are the 1% who benift out of the Nuclear projects and what is there in itfor the 99%.
It is NUCLEAR stay Clear.
Jagadish G Chandra

Jose Paul

Mr.Chandra,
You just search in net to know What are the per unit tariif fixed in Gujarat for Solar, Wind and Thermal. For 14 year from the date operation Thermal Rs.10/unit and solar and wind 14/unit. Can india afford this tariff. When petrol product price increase one rupees we people are protesting in India. Talking big words are OK but think the reality.

Because of this agitation there is a loss of 1500 crore. Just imagine, how public money is wasted without any proper reasons and for getting satisfaction for some individuals.

My request is, just think before asking the question that “Is the questions are relevant when the plant ready deliver the power to the public”.

Jose Paul

Krishna,
We are accusing politicians are money grabbers. Here protesters are money grabbers. In both the cases nation loose the money.

durai

The Kudankulam plant is prestigeous for crores of people who are suffering from decades of power cuts in Tamilnadu and India.People of south India are actually struggling to start KKNPP.There are many organization , groups , industrialist , scientists in and around Kudankulam are in full support of KKNPP.

Nuclear plants are feared for risk in form of accidents/radiation in large extent which may effect future generation, that’s why nuclear experts take all calculated risk to reduce/mitigate the effects of accidents/radiations in nuclear plants. All the required safety aspects have been considered and taken care in Kudankulam plant , it is accepted to be more safer than Chernobyl and Fukusiam plants and the same has been reaffirmed by hundreds of experts.

Just because there is a nuclear safety risk and hence demanding to stop a plant is jot justified. Travelling by motorbike is more risky than travelling by cycle, it does not mean that we don’t travel by motor bike. Similarly nuclear plants may be radiation risky but see its large power potential. Is it not impressive?. For driving a motor bike we take calculated risk by learning driving in driving school, testing for license at RTO etc. Similarly India has 40 years of expertise in Nuclear field and Kudankulam plant is licensed/reviewed by AERB and also covered under by IAEA. Nuclear safety experts have done through safety analysis before calculating the risk.

Genuine fears on kudankulam nuclear safety is everybody’s concern. It is being taken care and has been addressed by safety experts at many times. Kudankulam nuclear plant should be allowed to come taking local people also in to confidence .

Benefits in Nuclear:-
Large amount of power potential-( Jaitapur is 1650MWe single unit), Better Efficiency, 40 years of nuclear experience and Base for future Fusion technology(ITER) , less area requirement and KKNPP costs Rs.6.5 Cr/MW.

So if we really want India to be the developed country and reap the benefits of future fusion technologies, concerned about India’s future generation we have no option but to continue and invest in nuclear hence, Kudankulam nuclear power can not be ignored.

India needs to have all form of energy in basket and grab the available other sources also for speedy development. But as of now no other energy source can beat nuclear on its power potential , size and technological capability.Therefore, Kudankulam nuclear power plant is the need of time in energy appetite Tamilnadu.

Edward clarke

Thank you for the opertunaty to comment.

Of course now is the time to QUESTION.

Remember these atomic plants last only 60year, simply because they become to radioactive, after the 60 years the threat to nature and the Indian people continues for the next 1000 years. And the cost of that, could pay for renewable energy and pollute your beautiful country.

Dear friend
You just put accident list in termal, solar, wind you will get 100s but if you put nuclear you will get only few. Who told you the life of NPP is 60 years. You people are sitting and thinking only today's science and technology. Nuclear technology is advancing tomorrow the word of decommisioning will disappear from nuclear power plant. NPPs will run 100s of years. You support for development and encourage our nuclear personnel to work hard on that direction. All you people are doing the demoralisation only. It will not give any yeild to our nation.

durai

We could handle the nuclear waste for last 40 years with ease. Is it so difficult to handle it for another 100/1000 of years with possibilities of future technological improvements? Why worry about problems of nuclear waste which may not arise at all. By looking back at 40 years of our nuclear waste management experiences it should not be a problem in future. Moreover India has plans to reuse the spent fuels of existing plants in future thorium based 3rd generation reactors.

All over world around 450 nuclear reactors are under operation since last 5o years. Hundreds of reactors are being constructed/planned in near future and it is estimated to reach total around 1000 operating reactors in future. Many countries including USA,France,Japan,Russia,- are still operating reactors. It is to note that so called intellectuals of the word will not operate the reactors if it is deathly?.We may note that Chernobyl has not stopped other Russian reactors. Fukushima has not stopped Japan to operate some other reactors.

We know 1kg of Uranium can give millions of units of electricity which no other energy source gives. Those who don’t know the power potential of uranium are the real losers and will be left behind. Therefore nuclear energy is powerful not deathly.

We need to put faith in nuclear technology and future too. The World is open to those who dare to dream and have faith and hence we should not be scared of risks. We will take calculated risk and move on to reap the benefit of powerful nuclear..

India needs to have all form of energy in basket and grab the available other sources for speedy development. But as of now no other energy source can beat nuclear on its power potential, size and technological capability. Hence nuclear power from Kudankulam in our energy mix is very much needed.

bharatian

hA HA HA WHAT IS YOUR EXPERIENCE IN WASTE MANAGEMENT OF SPENT FUEL AFTER REPROCESSING IT. YOU MUST BE A LIVING FOOL FROM ANOTHER PLANET. SO FAR NONE OF THE COUNJTRIES HAVE A PROPER SCHEME TO KEEP THE WASTE FOR A MILLION YEARS WHICH IS NOW MANDATED BY IAEA.

Dear Dr. S P Udayakumar,
Can you please tell us where did you find wishy-washy things in the mentioned presentation. Just making statement may not support your words.
Kindly you should know your self that you have't became "Dr." with just in a single day or with single presentation. Also any person in world can not became expert in every field. First you understand what expert committe is saying with proper background knowledge then you your self will appreciate the things. As an educated person try to educate others don't make peoples life miserable with your own views and lack of knowledge.

Puneet Sawroop

Expert Group on KKNPP constituted by Government of India has given presentation to Tamil Nadu Government nominees and public representatives regarding safety of KKNPP on 18.11.2011 in the office of District Collector, Trirunelveli . "THE HINDU" has placed this presentation on its following link.http://www.thehindu.com/multimedia/archive/00841/…
I request all the surrounding people to go through the report . Any clarification or explanations required may be obtain from the KKNPP plant personnel.
Expert Group has also given the information about the availability of the referred documents on the web sites and for some documents reference nos are given.
"On page 3 Expert Group expresses that the information provided in the report is based on the data and documents" . One has to believe in some one.
AFTER THIS PRESENTATION BY THE EXPERT GROUP, IT IS HIGH TIME THAT THIS PRESENTATION SHOUT COMMUNICATED IN ITS ACTUAL FORM TO THE ACTUAL MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC WITH IN 5 KM OF THE PLANT. I APPEAL ALL THE EXPERTS AVAILABLE IN THE NEARBY AREA TO HELP THE LOCAL PEOPLE IN UNDERSTANDING THIS REPORT PREPARED BY AN INDEPENDENT GROUP OF EXPERTS OF ALL THE RELATED FIELDS.
In the very second para of this report it is written" During the meeting both the expert group and the People's representative agreed to work jointly to resolve the issues keeping in mid both the welfare of people and the welfare of the nation.

Let us make a genuine attempt in this direction.
Spread the Love, not the Hate.
" The Lord our God is one Lord; and you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.'
" Love your neighbor as yourself."

With best regards to all the people joining in this society service.
Thanking you in advance.

Puneet Swaroop

Puneet Sawroop

Expert Group on KKNPP constituted by Government of India has given presentation to Tamil Nadu Government nominees and public representatives regarding safety of KKNPP on 18.11.2011 in the office of District Collector, Trirunelveli . "THE HINDU" has placed this presentation on its following link.http://www.thehindu.com/multimedia/archive/00841/…
I request all the surrounding people to go through the report . Any clarification or explanations required may be obtain from the KKNPP plant personnel.
Expert Group has also given the information about the availability of the referred documents on the web sites and for some documents reference nos are given.
"On page 3 Expert Group expresses that the information provided in the report is based on the data and documents" . One has to believe in some one.
AFTER THIS PRESENTATION BY THE EXPERT GROUP, IT IS HIGH TIME THAT THIS PRESENTATION SHOUT COMMUNICATED IN ITS ACTUAL FORM TO THE ACTUAL MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC WITH IN 5 KM OF THE PLANT. I APPEAL ALL THE EXPERTS AVAILABLE IN THE NEARBY AREA TO HELP THE LOCAL PEOPLE IN UNDERSTANDING THIS REPORT PREPARED BY AN INDEPENDENT GROUP OF EXPERTS OF ALL THE RELATED FIELDS.
In the very second para of this report it is written" During the meeting both the expert group and the People's representative agreed to work jointly to resolve the issues keeping in mid both the welfare of people and the welfare of the nation.

Let us make a genuine attempt in this direction.
Spread the Love, not the Hate.
" The Lord our God is one Lord; and you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.'
" Love your neighbor as yourself."

With best regards to all the people joining in this society service.
Thanking you in advance.

Puneet Swaroop

Puneet Sawroop

Expert Group on KKNPP constituted by Government of India has given presentation to Tamil Nadu Government nominees and public representatives regarding safety of KKNPP on 18.11.2011 in the office of District Collector, Trirunelveli . "THE HINDU" has placed this presentation on its following link.http://www.thehindu.com/multimedia/archive/00841/…
I request all the surrounding people to go through the report . Any clarification or explanations required may be obtain from the KKNPP plant personnel.
Expert Group has also given the information about the availability of the referred documents on the web sites and for some documents reference nos are given.
"On page 3 Expert Group expresses that the information provided in the report is based on the data and documents" . One has to believe in some one.
AFTER THIS PRESENTATION BY THE EXPERT GROUP, IT IS HIGH TIME THAT THIS PRESENTATION SHOUT COMMUNICATED IN ITS ACTUAL FORM TO THE ACTUAL MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC WITH IN 5 KM OF THE PLANT. I APPEAL ALL THE EXPERTS AVAILABLE IN THE NEARBY AREA TO HELP THE LOCAL PEOPLE IN UNDERSTANDING THIS REPORT PREPARED BY AN INDEPENDENT GROUP OF EXPERTS OF ALL THE RELATED FIELDS.
In the very second para of this report it is written" During the meeting both the expert group and the People's representative agreed to work jointly to resolve the issues keeping in mid both the welfare of people and the welfare of the nation.

Let us make a genuine attempt in this direction.
Spread the Love, not the Hate.
" The Lord our God is one Lord; and you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.'
" Love your neighbor as yourself."

With best regards to all the people joining in this society service.
Thanking you in advance.

Puneet Swaroop

Puneet Sawroop

Expert Group on KKNPP constituted by Government of India has given presentation to Tamil Nadu Government nominees and public representatives regarding safety of KKNPP on 18.11.2011 in the office of District Collector, Trirunelveli . "THE HINDU" has placed this presentation on its following link.http://www.thehindu.com/multimedia/archive/00841/…
I request all the surrounding people to go through the report . Any clarification or explanations required may be obtain from the KKNPP plant personnel.
Expert Group has also given the information about the availability of the referred documents on the web sites and for some documents reference nos are given.
"On page 3 Expert Group expresses that the information provided in the report is based on the data and documents" . One has to believe in some one.
AFTER THIS PRESENTATION BY THE EXPERT GROUP, IT IS HIGH TIME THAT THIS PRESENTATION SHOUT COMMUNICATED IN ITS ACTUAL FORM TO THE ACTUAL MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC WITH IN 5 KM OF THE PLANT. I APPEAL ALL THE EXPERTS AVAILABLE IN THE NEARBY AREA TO HELP THE LOCAL PEOPLE IN UNDERSTANDING THIS REPORT PREPARED BY AN INDEPENDENT GROUP OF EXPERTS OF ALL THE RELATED FIELDS.
In the very second para of this report it is written" During the meeting both the expert group and the People's representative agreed to work jointly to resolve the issues keeping in mid both the welfare of people and the welfare of the nation.

Let us make a genuine attempt in this direction.
Spread the Love, not the Hate.
" The Lord our God is one Lord; and you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.'
" Love your neighbor as yourself."

With best regards to all the people joining in this society service.
Thanking you in advance.

Puneet Swaroop

Edward Clarke

Dear Durai.
It is unfortunate you equate profit before the future welfare of the indian people.
Very little of what you have stated is even true.
The fact is that is only enough grade one uranium to last 60 years at the existing (450 stations) the doubling (1000) your words then there is only 25 years, after which mining the stuff is really problematic” witness the heavy fossil fuel use and the pollution (radioactive) that is currently taking place ( Africa) etc. Don’t you care about indigenous people elsewhere??
They said in Briton (sellafield) “to cheap to metre” what about the £200 billion pounds to clear up the mess, and poor people pay for it.
Worse thing you say “it’s the answer” when all you will do if you commission this plants it’s to rob the indian people of the investing in renewable that could bring local innovation and jobs, at the sametime protecting the envoiroment for future generations.
Please Durai do your research properly, and protect indian from globalisation before india is covered in concrete

Durai

Uranium mines,coal mines,oil well all are risky.But i feel it is worth taking nuclear risk as it is powerful and to the fact that the world 's more than 15% power comes from nuclear.Renewable energy sources may take decades to compete with nuclear on its size.Spent fuels can be resused in future reactors.
Therefore, it is our confidence and 50 years of our nuclear experience that will not let us go under the concrete.In fact we will have better management of concrete with advanced technology in future so that it will serve our safety needs in nuclear reactors as domes in better way.I am in opinion that accidents at Chernobyl and Fukushima can not be the reason to stop the Kudankulam plant which is ready to feed our appetite.

Edward Clarke

Durai ,
Thanks for your quick response, I saw a film “slum dog millionair” there is new breed of indian that puts profit before people, even attacking women to clear the natureal way of life to turn mumbia into a high tech city for the corporation slowly the indian reverence for nature is being aroded, just for the sake of profit.
And nuclear is part of that process.
Love & respect

durai

Edward

The film “slum dog millionairi” has more maginary than reality.Moreover it is directed by Danny Boyle. India has different problems at different time becuase of its diversity but it is beautifully united.But that is a different topic.

India is developing we Indians need to use all avialble energy sources for moving ahead.Therefore nuclear in our energy mix is need of time.It can not be ignored for its mere vulnerability.

bharatian

In a 40MW thermal, research reactor called CIRUS at BARC in Trombay in Mumbai, dumping radioactive water in to the sea is a regular thing. On a temprorary level, three curies of radioactivity per day after every split rod is fixed as the maximum that should be dumped in to the sea along with the coolant water that cools the split rod. But in many instances, the engineers look left and right and simply dump all the radioactive water in to the sea. The marine life around Trombay sea is highly radioactive and the fish catch from the Mumbai sea has already contaminated every Marathi Manoos now. It is a fact of life that all rotating machinery, even with double mechnical seals will leak radioactive water, heavy water etc and contaminate the surroundings. Most of the dumb fellows including the Chairman of AEC has not worked in a nuclear reactor and jush push for nuclear power which is harmful for the environment for a million years. If the black Tamils develop genetic damage, all the more better. If there are more christians there, it is much better we should destroy that are like Harappa, which is still radioactive because of the atomic explosions during the Ramayana times. This perverted thought might have helped for the establishment of dangerous Kalpakkam and the Koodankulam plant in TN by the displaced upper castes in DAE. The upper castes Tamils were displaced by the dumb Dravida Kazhakam idiots who swallowed the fake Aryan Invasion theory of the christian missionaries of the West, and the fifth colum commnity of christians in India, who worked as ears and eyes of the British. bit.ly/blQO2U, bit.ly/cKiHdA, bit.ly/cCoURz, bit.ly/by0QSE, bit.ly/ubnO4, bit.ly/csfg0s, bit.ly/bbiZ9Q, bbc.in/d6fBSf, scr.bi/aE7Uop, scr.bi/d5fWCN, scr.bi/cvNX18, scr.bi/9ZGRJ6, scr.bi/a059ql, bit.ly/aS02P, bit.ly/hrB2uc, bit.ly/fxdSJI, bit.ly/esjlQV, bit.ly/91aazf, bit.ly/aboYbe, bit.ly/GKAMj, bit.ly/GKAMj, bit.ly/9HHNm1, bit.ly/9HHNm1, bit.ly/bFSRFx, bit.ly/9fFOmI, bit.ly/cPvH8E, bit.ly/9cLVkF, bit.ly/d0z8UG, bit.ly/9PgDyi, bit.ly/GKAMj, bit.ly/9HHNm1, bit.ly/f5COAK, scr.bi/c4ykuB,

Bipin

Please refer to comment on question 12. It is claimed the Tsunami wave reached 133 feet hight (top of St.Tiruvalluvar statue)
Water splash and Tsunami wave are not the same. When waves hit a rock the splashisng water and water particles can cause a statue wet. Such splashes are of no concern to a structures safety. I is the energy containing wave that matters!
Please don't get confused/confuse the readers like this.
133ft: this is the height of mis-information! being spread against NPPs.

krishna

Yes Bipin, well written. People are confusing or getting confused,with water splashing and flood level due to tsunami. Even in Fukushima, the worst hit Tsunami (Epicentre was around 180 km from sea shore) the Tsunami height is 46 to 49 feet.

133 ft is the misinformation. The nuclear power plant Tsunami height and maximum flood level are not decided by Kudankulam nuclear power plant people. These informations are from the national institutes like NATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE(NGRI) , Central Water and Power Research Station(CWPRS), Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Servises (INCOIS) etc because they are the experts in the field.

krishna

Dr.Udaya Kumar, your article gives me more answers , justification and clarification rather than questions. But you have written only questions and no answers.
For example from question 18, I understood that decommissioning cost already included in tariff and India has the technology and experience in decommissioning and waste deposal from that. Becasue some of the reactors in India underwent replacement of core( Pressure tubes or nothing but core only, it accomodates the uranium fuel) .

So it is proven from Q.18, India knows how to decommssion the plnat.

krishna

In Q no-12, you mentioned about St. Thiruvalluvar. Please read the Thirukural also .
Remembering a kural for you,(Today's thought for u).
Kural 423: Ariyudamai (POSSESSION OF WISDOM)
The lines in Tamil are
"Epporul yaryar vaikedpeenum; apporul
meipporul kaanbathu arrivu".

The same in english
"To discern the truth in everything; by
whomso ever spoken this is wisdom".

Pls try to understand the truth from experts and find the truth

Jose Paul

After reading the entire article i reached one conclusion that Dr. Udayakumar wants to continue his agitation business. He believes that what he is telling only true and others even though they are academically qualified and held prestigious posts are wrong.
Many forum Mr. Udayakumar and Pushparayan demanded the closure of nuclear power plant and convert to Thermal plant. Water discharge from thermal plant also the temperature what nuclear plant release. If thermal plant come to kudamkulam whether all problems will be solved? In that case environmental problem, threat to fishermen’s livelihood, coal and ash related sea water contaminations are agreeable to them.

Jose Paul

The real fact is that these people are playing the capacity of thermal lobby. The money playing in Kudamkulam is from Thermal, Solar, Wind lobbies. Mr. Narayan Rane, Industrial Minister unearthed in Maharashtra assembly that the nexus of Political party and 11 corporate houses behind the Jaitapur antinuclear agitation.
Lots of Thermal plants are permitted to set-up in India. Since Coal supply are not match with demand, thermal lobby compelled to import coal from foreign countries. TATA is already posted 500Cr. Loss their newly commissioned thermal plant. If nuclear energy available in low tariff these companies cannot exist with higher tariff.
You can read the fact along with other that Reliance and Moser Baer and other corporate giants are entered in manufacturing of photovoltaic cell business.

Puneet Swaroop

Dear Dr.S.P. Udaikumar
As per your analysis , Expert Group on KKNPP constituted by Government of India has come out with the following findings.
1) Site Clearance was accorded by the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board(AERB)
2) The Environment Clearance was obtained from the MoEF
3) In 1989, MoEF while granting environmental clearance, permitted for construction of plant structure within 500m of high tide line.
4)Detailed and in-depth review of KKNPP that includes its siting, design and operational safety and QA aspects has been conducted by AERB, that run in several thousands of pages and intense discussion.
5)The safety features of KKNPP were comprehensively reviewed by a task force of NPCIL in the context of recent Fukushima accident.
6)The EIA report is available on the NPCIL website http://www.npcil.nic.in. The VVER performance data is available on the IAEA website http://www.iaea.org
7) The construction works are carried out in accordance with QA manual. The regular reviews of the quality are carried out by internal audits within NPCIL and audits on specific systems by AERB.
8)Out of the Employees recruited at KKNPP, 97.5% belong to Tamilnadu in the category of Group-B,C&D from Kudankulam, Chettikulam, Vijayapathi and Irukundurai, Radhapuram Taluk ,Tirunelveli, Kanyakumari and Tuticorin districts
9) In addition, various contract employees consists of around 2000-3000 local persons. Further due to expansion of plant to have more units in future the job opportunities will increase.
10) Fukushima type accidents are not conceivable at Kudankulan with the robust design and advanced safety features .
11)The authorized limit of low level effluents through air and water from KKNPP is restricted such that it will not lead to more than around 4.36 percent of the dose limit for the public recommended by ICRP (1 mSv). The expected rated releases would however be much lower (0.02 %).
12)The studies on the lethal affects of temperature on selected fishes and prawns of Kudankulam Marine Environment the fact that there may not be any harm to the fishery potential of Kudankulam Marine Environment due to the establishment of KKNPP.
Therefore as far as fear of the Public is concern, Expert Group has given scientific reasons for not to worry.
With regard to the statutory clearances from the various state and central government clearances and approvals are concern , these departments, ministries has their lows, rules and procedure.
Therefore , the requirements as per the state assembly's resolution to allay the fear of the locals has met and now work should start at KKNPP.
Puneet Swaroop.

Puneet Swaroop

Dear Dr.S.P. Udaikumar
As per your analysis , Expert Group on KKNPP constituted by Government of India has come out with the following findings.
1) Site Clearance was accorded by the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board(AERB)
2) The Environment Clearance was obtained from the MoEF
3) In 1989, MoEF while granting environmental clearance, permitted for construction of plant structure within 500m of high tide line.
4)Detailed and in-depth review of KKNPP that includes its siting, design and operational safety and QA aspects has been conducted by AERB, that run in several thousands of pages and intense discussion.
5)The safety features of KKNPP were comprehensively reviewed by a task force of NPCIL in the context of recent Fukushima accident.
6)The EIA report is available on the NPCIL website http://www.npcil.nic.in. The VVER performance data is available on the IAEA website http://www.iaea.org
7) The construction works are carried out in accordance with QA manual. The regular reviews of the quality are carried out by internal audits within NPCIL and audits on specific systems by AERB.
8)Out of the Employees recruited at KKNPP, 97.5% belong to Tamilnadu in the category of Group-B,C&D from Kudankulam, Chettikulam, Vijayapathi and Irukundurai, Radhapuram Taluk ,Tirunelveli, Kanyakumari and Tuticorin districts
9) In addition, various contract employees consists of around 2000-3000 local persons. Further due to expansion of plant to have more units in future the job opportunities will increase.
10) Fukushima type accidents are not conceivable at Kudankulan with the robust design and advanced safety features .
11)The authorized limit of low level effluents through air and water from KKNPP is restricted such that it will not lead to more than around 4.36 percent of the dose limit for the public recommended by ICRP (1 mSv). The expected rated releases would however be much lower (0.02 %).
12)The studies on the lethal affects of temperature on selected fishes and prawns of Kudankulam Marine Environment the fact that there may not be any harm to the fishery potential of Kudankulam Marine Environment due to the establishment of KKNPP.
Therefore as far as fear of the Public is concern, Expert Group has given scientific reasons for not to worry.
With regard to the statutory clearances from the various state and central government clearances and approvals are concern , these departments, ministries has their lows, rules and procedure.
Therefore , the requirements as per the state assembly's resolution to allay the fear of the locals has met and now work should start at KKNPP.
Puneet Swaroop.

krishna kumar

Dr.Abdul Kalam reconfirms the safety of kudankulam while addressing at a seminar on
“Disaster Risk Reduction: Another important Route to Poverty Alleviation” at New Delhi, on Nov 24 2011.

The salient points related to kudankulam from his speech are given below
“
Nuclear Power Plant: Electric power and safety

Friends, on 6th November 2011, I have visited Koodankulum Nuclear Power Plant, with my team, to review the 2000 MW, a 3rd Generation plus plant. I wanted to understand the plant?s safety features and how it is addressing the concerns of the people which have been inflated as an aftermath of the Fukushima Nuclear Event. I spent the whole day there meeting scientists and experts, meeting the local people and also studying the various facilities of the plant first hand.

It is established that this plant is equipped with the latest technologies when it comes to safety. There are four important aspects of safety in a nuclear power plant which are interconnected.

1) Structural Integrity Safety: The plant has been designed to withstand earthquake up to a stress of 6 Richter scale with an acceleration of 0.15g and have been tested up to 0.6g. The structure of the plant has been made with the highest safety standards which doubled containment and hermetically sealed. The primary containment is about 1.2 meter and the secondary containment is 0.6 m thick. To counter any risk from Tsunami and cyclones, the plant is elevated, to a minimum height of 6 meter (pump house) and the auxiliary diesel sets are at a height of 9.3 meter with a redundancy of four times in the diesel generators. Similarly, the structure has been tested at pressures up to 250 kg/cm3 which 1.5 times the operating pressure. Moreover, the diesel generators are programmed to start automatically in the event of power failure and would continue to run for minimum period of 30 minutes without any human intervention. This feature has been added as an aftermath of the 3 Mile Island accidents which occurred due to incorrect operator handling. In the case of Fukushima, one of the primary reasons for structural collapse was the explosion in the hydrogen which got out of control due to heat generated by the failure of providing continuous power supply to the spent fuel complex. To counter this, Koodankulum plant has installed 154 Hydrogen recombiners across the plant which can absorb any leaked hydrogen and prevent any structural damage. Moreover, unlike many other plants, Koodankulum plant plans to have a separate control unit for each of the reactors, to prevent cascading effect of reactor instability.

2) Thermal Hydraulic Safety: The most advanced safety feature in the Koodankulum plant is the installation of the Passive Heat Removal System (PHRS) which is latest in technology to ensure rapid cooling of the reactor in the event of a reactor problem. There is also mechanism to rapidly cool the reactor in emergency situation using an elaborate system of showers which are installed in redundancy across the plant.

3) Radiation Safety (Compared to natural level of radiation): There are multiple ways in which radiation leakage is being prevented from contaminating the atmosphere. I saw that the steam running in the reactor doesn?t come into contact with the steam which runs the turbine and this isolation helps in preventing any accidental leakage of radioactivity.

4) Neutronic Safety (Criticality radiation safety): Besides the regular control rod mechanism, I saw the Koondankulum Plant has uniquely implemented the latest technology in this domain – The Core Catcher. This is basically an underlying structure with Gadolium oxide and boron mixture which would “catch the neutrons” in the event of a highly unlikely meltdown. The core catcher is the ultimate defense which would, without any human intervention, or need of external power supply, cool down the fuel and reactor.

I have given the details of the safety system in Koodankulam power plant to this audience, so that they may convey the same to the concerned members of the society about nuclear power plant safety aspects. Nuclear electric power is one of the cleanest resource in achieving fossil fuel free, India achieving the energy independence in India by 2030. It should be remembered, electricity is the most important component in development of the society through small and big industry, agriculture, service sector and above all improving the quality of life of every citizen at home and workplace.”

jayajaykonam

It is simple, The people of koodankulam does not want to live with a nuclear plant. i am asking the pro nuke people where were you when west bengal said no to nuke plant. ?why tamilians alone ? that region is already
contributing around 3000 mw for power by wind , some pro nukes are saying that Mr.udayakumar has not given the facts correctly (like 133 ft height ) , just because Mr.udayakumar has given some wrong info, Nuke can not be considered as safer one. the cost factor , the pro nukes are only saying we can not afford solar or wind… do you know we can not afford a nuke disaster or do you think it is only a problem to tamils.

Jose Paul

Dear friend,
Your communist comrades are not allow any progressive work anywhere in Kerala, Bangal and Tripura. Tamil Nadu also has some effect of these comrades. Their dry ideologies are also spoiling the minds of innocent people in Kudamkulam. You are asking to leave the mistakes of Mr. Udayakumar, the spearhead of the agitation drama but the same person is misinterpreting all official explanation all the time.
If you people confirm tsunami hit on Kudamkulam costal with high magnitude then as a precautionary measure evacuate the costal people from costal region to safer hill place.

S Kumar

You and your people like great Dr.? U Kumar always telling Bengal,Kerala etc….These are only state in our country….?

Puneet Sawroop

FEAR OF THE ANTI NUKS IS MAINLY DUE TO THE EXPECTED CLOSURE OF THEIR BUSINESS

Earlier there may be some fear in the local people due to sound of steam flushing and rumours due to the actual evacuations( instead of mock up of the evacuation as part of emergency exercise) .
But now after so much clarity on all the apprehensions, the fear is shifted from Locals to Internationals
Now these international anti nukes are restricting these correct information by reaching to the surrounding locals .

In parallel to the nuclear safety, these people also designed a multiple layer system of restricting the fact;

* There is First barrier at Chennai about 650 km from Kudankulam, most of the clarifications in support of nuclear safety are stopped here.
* Second barrier is at Tirunelveli( 75 km) , residual of Chennai are moderated here by a group of national and international anti nucks.
* Next barrier is at 30 km , Dr. S.P.Udaikumar who distort and manipulate these facts about kudankulam
* Fourth and most impotent barrier is at Idindakarai (4 km) , where the restrictions have been imposed on the surrounding villagers by the anti nuckes & religious people on meeting or interact with the plant people or any other person who want to clarify the doubts / fears of the people

Puneet Sawroop

FEAR OF THE ANTI NUKS IS MAINLY DUE TO THE EXPECTED CLOSURE OF THEIR BUSINESS

Earlier there may be some fear in the local people due to sound of steam flushing and rumours due to the actual evacuations( instead of mock up of the evacuation as part of emergency exercise) .
But now after so much clarity on all the apprehensions, the fear is shifted from Locals to Internationals
Now these international anti nukes are restricting these correct information by reaching to the surrounding locals .

In parallel to the nuclear safety, these people also designed a multiple layer system of restricting the fact;

* There is First barrier at Chennai about 650 km from Kudankulam, most of the clarifications in support of nuclear safety are stopped here.
* Second barrier is at Tirunelveli( 75 km) , residual of Chennai are moderated here by a group of national and international anti nucks.
* Next barrier is at 30 km , Dr. S.P.Udaikumar who distort and manipulate these facts about kudankulam
* Fourth and most impotent barrier is at Idindakarai (4 km) , where the restrictions have been imposed on the surrounding villagers by the anti nuckes & religious people on meeting or interact with the plant people or any other person who want to clarify the doubts / fears of the people

krishna kumar

Why the double stand:????????

Mullaiperiyar dam issue: Jayalatha quoted that based on expert report , supreme court gave the verdict to increase water level in existing dam. Based expert opinion there is no need for new dam.

Go with Expert decision, Not with (kerala) people’s fear and sentiments.

Kudankulam Issue: Experts assured the safety of the plant, even then govt is not ready listen. Here they told people’s sentiment is more important.

Go with people’s sentiments and Not with expert advice.

After some years Udaya kumar may settle in US or France, there he will enjoy the modern world’s hi tech facilities.(there power may be fed by Nuclear ). We will suffer with power cut, unemployment.

Udaykumar studied with scholarship in a country where world’s highest no of nuclear powe plant are opearating.

Puneet Swaroop

After after his birth at Nagercoil in 1959 and upto his college, he was in Nagercoil. After that he left the place at stayed in Kerala (1979-81) before LEAVING THE COUNTRY for US Indiana (1989-90), he was in Ethiopia from 1981-87 and again came bake to US Hawaii (1990-96). He was in US for 12 years.

After giving his fruitful life to US and enjoying the Nuclear Power their on his retirement from the US life, he came to India to oppose the development of our country.
Why he could not speak in US against Nuclear Power for last 20 years stay at US?
.

muskan

I strongly agree with you. He is a green card holder of US and often visits US as a professor. He is getting all the benefits from the country which is developing only on nuclear power.

Puneet Sawroop

Dr Udaikumar,
Please go back to US, let prosper our country also.
After his birth at Nagercoil in 1959 he left the place after college.He was in Kerala (1981) before LEAVING OUR POWER DEFICIT COUNTRY for Ethiopia from 1981-87 from where he flue to US Indiana (1989-90), he was in Hawaii ,US from 1990 to 96. He was in US for 12 years.

After giving his fruitful life to US and enjoying the Nuclear Power their on his retirement from the US life, he came to India to oppose the development of our country.
Why he could not speak in US against Nuclear Power for last 20 years stay at US?

Kaushik

Well said Mr. Puneet. Dr. UK is a thick skin chap having surrounded by god fathers to motivate his individual mind blocked views. Hope Center will take appropriate decision in time to evade the loss . .

Puneet Sawroop

Dr Udaikumar,
Please go back to US, let prosper our country also.
After his birth at Nagercoil in 1959 he left the place after college.He was in Kerala (1981) before LEAVING OUR POWER DEFICIT COUNTRY for Ethiopia from 1981-87 from where he flue to US Indiana (1989-90), he was in Hawaii ,US from 1990 to 96. He was in US for 12 years.

After giving his fruitful life to US and enjoying the Nuclear Power their on his retirement from the US life, he came to India to oppose the development of our country.
Why he could not speak in US against Nuclear Power for last 20 years stay at US?

Jose Paul

Well done Mr. Puneet. You have dig his history. Now we have to suspect Dr. Udayakumar's intention after seeing his back history. He don’t have any loyalty to India or it’s prosperous. He is asking documents not for him but for undisclosed godfather. From his article itself came to know that Expert committee also raised this doubt. RAW and other investigation agencies should question him thoroughly. We Indians want to know the truth to whom he is working for, GE or Westinghouse or somebody else?

muskan

Well said Mr Puneet…..where was his ideology all these years?

Puneet Swaroop

20- 30 years serving US and enjoying Nuclear Power their is very common phenomena of these people including Dr. A. Gopalakrishna.

http://truthdive.com Kandhan

As a Nuclear Engineer working in the US and having roots from a village that is within 40 miles radius of Koodankulam, I thought it is essential for me to research and write about the facts behind Koodankulam Nuclear Plant. My focus will be the power plant’s geographical location, historical risk factors, impact of a possible tsunami, possible threat from neighboring countries, back up cooling mechanism and emergency shutdown procedure etc.http://truthdive.com/2011/11/20/koodankulam-nucle…

Coming back to Koodankulam plant, given the fact that the construction of the plant has been in progress since 1997 it is using a 15 years old technology. Hence, I doubt the plant would be equipped with all the latest Passive Core Cooling system and latest back- up mechanism(s) to handle a worst case disaster scenario such as a tsunami.

Your doubts are very genuine. Many people think like this. But, what Indian Nuclear Engineers and Scientists have though in year 2002, US and other country's nuclear scientist are now analyzing and getting benefited.
The passive safety features incorporated in the kudankulan design are not there even in many of the latest additions at China and Russia ( Kalinin-4).
It is not limited to the Passive Core Cooling, it is much beyond. Many of them are not their even today in latest reactor design of US.
You are Nuclear Engineer, though IAEA and Europium Union regulator, AERB and GAN(Russian Regulator ) has already analyse this design, we are looking forward to your valuable review for following 3G+ Safety Features at KKNPP

If such a large height Tsunami occurs Anti-Nukes fear that none of the safety features are going to help.My arguement is that when such a large Tsunami strikes the entire coastal region will be washed away even without KKNPP.Therefore fearing only KKNPP can cause such damage is not justified.

bharatian

My comments are based on my experience in saftey analysis of power reactors for IAEA and as an expert member for new reactors. I dont have read all the trash that is written here as all of you have no idea as to how a nuclear power plant works, and how safe it is. In my opinion the Koodankulam power plant will work more or less safely with minimum leakage of radioactivity to the environment provided that DAE is able to recruit good engineers which is very doubtful as I was also recruiting engineers for DAE. For the information of all of you, one of the main reason for the 1979 Three Mile Island reactor accident, and the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident was due to the lack of good engineers in the control room at the time of the accidents. History could repeat in India. Secondly one single suicidal muslim employee in the nuclear plant is sufficient to create a Fukushima. But normally Koodankulam can give electricity for its lifetime which of course is very costly but is expertly hidden by various subsidies. Real problem of nuclear plant is more than its safe operation. Say after 50 years of its safe operation what happens is a question. During its lifetime of operation, the cancer rate of people will go up and it doesnot matter much, as only some Tamil christians and muslims are affected and this cannot be linked to the nuclear plant as these are not monitored in any site. The sickness of the minorities does not bother me as both these communities kill Hindus regularly. The killing rate by christian terrorists in NE is more per year than that by muslims and thus I am not bothered about the cancers, tyroid problem or sterility problem of the minorities around the nuclear plant. The fish in the sea will he contaminated, but it also does not bother me as the fish is mostly eaten by the minorities. The breeding and conversion and terrorism and church and mosque building TN will come down due to this nuclear plant and this is good news. Here the land mass in Kilometers radius will be contaminated for ever including the subsoil water, even without an accident and nothing can be done for a million years. A nuclear accident will damage the area all of a sudden and everyone will be forced to leave, in which they can claim compensation. But a normally operating reactor will contaminate not only its surrounding, but the whole hemisphere and no one will notice it. But still, why I am against this nuclear plant. The simple answer is that no one want to burn down a house for the fear of some rats. Even though we fear the breeding of the minority rats we don’t want to destroy our motherland. To show this point and what happens to the land even without a reactor I will take the example of the Uranium mining.

muskan

Mr Braratian pl mind your language on commenting on a particular community. How dare you say that "one single suicidal muslim employee in the nuclear plant is sufficient to create a Fukushima" in your article. it could be a LTTE tamilian also, why only muslim, may be a hindu or a sikh . Let's talk about design basis & safety of the plant in general and stop commenting on a community…

bharatian

Uranium mines produce radiation all around and damage the environment for a million years. Radionuclides contained in uranium tailings emit 20 to 100 times as much gamma-radiation as natural background levels on deposit surfaces. Gamma radiation levels decrease rapidly with distance from the pile. The radium-226 in tailings continuously decays to the radioactive gas Radon 222, the decay products of which can cause lung cancer. Some of this radon escapes from the interior of the pile. There could be two excess lung cancer cases for every 100 residents living nearby. Radon releases are a major hazard that continues after uranium mines are shut down. Radon 222 gas emanates from tailings piles and has a half life of 3.8 days. This may seem short, but due to the continuous production of radon from the decay of radium-226, which has a half life of 1600 years, radon presents a long term hazard. Further, because the parent product of radium-226, thorium-230 with a half life of 80,000 years is also present, there is continuous production of radium-226. After about 1 million years, the radioactivity of the tailings and thus its radon emanation will have decreased so that it is only limited by the residual uranium contents, which continuously produces new thorium-230. If, for example, 90% of the uranium contained in an ore with 0.1% grade was extracted during the milling process, the radiation of the tailings stabilizes after 1 million years at a level 33 times that of uncontaminated material. Due to the 4.5 billion year half-life of uranium-238, there is only a minuscule further decrease.

bharatian

Tailings deposits are subject to many kinds of erosion. Due to the long half-lives of the radioactive constituents involved, safety of the deposit has to be guaranteed for very long periods of time. After rainfall, erosion gullies can form; floods can destroy the whole deposit; plants and burrowing animals can penetrate into the deposit and thus disperse the material, enhance the radon emanation and make the deposit more susceptible to climatic erosion like from wind, seepage, etc. Residents are also threatened by radium-226 and other hazardous substances like arsenic in their drinking water supplies and in fish from the area. In 1977, Grants, New Mexico, USA: spill of 50,000 tonnes of sludge and several million liters of contaminated water. In 1979, Church Rock, New Mexico, USA: spill of more than 1000 t of sludge and about 400 million liters of contaminated water. In 1984, Key Lake, Saskatchewan, Canada: spill of more than 100 million liters of contaminated liquids. Tailings have been used for construction of homes or for landfills. In homes built with such material, high levels of gamma radiation and radon were found and lung cancer risk of residents of such homes are 4 cases per 100.
Mining companies often left sites without any clean up after the ore deposits were exhausted. In the United States, the mining and milling facilities were not even demolished, not to mention reclamation of the wastes produced. In Canada, uranium mill tailings were often simply dumped in one of the numerous lakes. Although most of the uranium was extracted from the raw material, the tailing will not become less hazardous. Mining and milling removes hazardous constituents in the ore from their relatively safe underground location and converts them to a fine sand, then sludge, whereby the hazardous materials become more susceptible to dispersion in the environment. Most of the contaminants 85% of the total radioactivity and all the chemical contaminants are still present, and the material has been brought by mechanical and chemical processes to a condition where the contaminants are much more mobile and thus susceptible to migration into the environmentIn most cases, uranium mill tailings are disposed in some form or another, to limit contaminant release into the environment. But in many places tailings were simply released into the environment without any control. At the Bukhovo mill in Bulgaria, the slurries were dumped in a glen from 1947 to 1958; the finer particles flew into a nearby river. During heavy precipitation, the dumped material was spread over a wider area, contaminating an agricultural area of 120 hectares. Gamma dose rates about a hundredfold background were detected on the surface. After 1958, the most severely contaminated areas were fenced. But the fences deteriorated later, and the areas were in part reused for agriculture. Excessive radium concentrations of up to 1077 Bq/kg were found in cereals grown on these areas. At the Mounana mill in Gabon, more than 2 million tonnes of uranium mill tailings were released into a creek from 1961 to 1975, resulting in the formation of large deposits on the valley floor.

bharatian

What happens if a Fukushima happens in Koodankuolam can be guessed from the reports of Japanese accidents. If such a thing happens Some portions of Kerala and TN will not be livable.

8% of Japan’s surface area has been contaminated by radiation from the crippled Fukushima nuclear plant. About 30,000 square kilometres of Japan is now blanketed by radioactive caesium. Most of the contamination was caused by four large plumes of radiation spewed out by the Fukushima nuclear plant in the first two weeks after meltdowns and Japan’s science ministry confirmed this. Some of the radioactive material fell with rain and snow, leaving the affected areas with accumulations of more than 10,000 becquerels of caesium per square metre. Harvested rice from the Fukushima region has unsafe levels of radioactive caesium contamination of 630 becquerels per kilogram, that is above the maximum allowable level of 500 becquerels. Radiation contamination was found in beef, mushrooms, green tea and even in cars manufactured in Japan. Many people in Japan have purchased their own Geiger counters to monitor radiation levels around them.

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has said that radiation levels are rising across Europe. The Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) of France had detected radioactive iodine 131 in air, measuring a few microbecquerels per cubic metre in November 2011 at four monitoring stations in northern and eastern France. Similar contamination was detected in Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia and Austria. Poland´s atomic energy agency said local readings of iodine 131 had been a hundred times higher in March after the Fukushima accident. Radiation levels in the northern hemisphere doubled due to atmospheric nuclear weapons testing. Chernobyl also affected the entire northern hemisphere to some extent. California nuke plant Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant, detected 4,000% more iodine-131 than UC Berkeley during Fukushima peak. Highest detection of iodine-131 was on March 20, 2011 at 5.07e-12 microcuries/cubic centimeter = 0.00507 picocuries/liter. 0.00507 picocuries/liter divided by 27 picocuries per Becquerel = 0.000188 Bq/liter of iodine-131

bharatian

Seismologist Katsuhiko Ishibashi who is now 67 wrote in 1994 a book A called a Seismologist Warns. It suggested that Japan’s building codes put its cities at risk. His boss marched him to the Construction Ministry to apologize for writing the book. But five months later, in the 1995 Kobe earthquake thousands were killed. Katsuhiko also warned of a nuclear earthquake disaster and operating reactors in Japan which has 10% of the world’s quakes is not safe. It was in 1977 only the mainstream scientists had the tools to measure the size of quakes like the magnitude-9 that triggered the Fukushima disaster. The Richter scale used before then went only to 8.5, or about 6 times less energy than the 11-3-2011 earthquake. In this connection India should also make sure that our reactors are protected from severe earthquake, as most Indian reactors were designed before this time. APSARA reactor at Trombay cannot stand any form of earthquake yet it continues to operate.

Seismologist Katsuhiko Ishibashi found that a fault line west of Tokyo was much bigger than assumed for the Hamaoka nuclear plant that is above it. He wrote an article on Hamaoka published in the October 1997 issue of Japan’s Science Journal that reads like a post-mortem of the Fukushima disaster: A major quake could knock out external power to the plant’s reactors and unleash a tsunami that could overrun its 6-meter defenses, swamping backup diesel generators and leading to loss of cooling and meltdowns. When the local prefecture questioned industry experts about Ishibashi’s paper, the response was that Ishibashi is a Nobody and he need not to be taken seriously. Japan still not recognised the danger for its reactors or its buildings. It was only in the last four years that Japan Atomic Power Co. recognized an active fault line running under its reactor in Tsuruga, which opened in 1970 and 120 kilometers from Osaka and close to a lake that supplies drinking water to millions.

New active faults lines was found in 2008 and there are 13 reactors on Wakasa bay, an area riddled with fault lines. On 28-10-2011 the Japanese govt announced a reduced reliance on nuclear power. The report also omitted the nuclear power expansion programme. Japan now regrets its past energy policy which turns out to be disastrous for that nation which has its 8% of its land mass contaminated with radioactive fallout after the Fukushima accidents. Fukushima disaster has turned the majority of Japanese against nuclear power. 30% of Japan’s electricity was from atomic energy before 11 March 2011 nuclear disaster. Studies by Tohoku University geologist Koji Minoura in the 1990s that showed giant tsunami had hit Japan’s northeast coast three times in the last 3,000 years. Minutes of a June 2009 Japans trade ministry meeting on safety at the Fukushima Dai-Ichi plant show Tokyo Electric and the regulator ignored scientific findings that emerged after the power station was built.

China syndrome is inevitable as per the architect of Fukushima Daiichi Reactor 3, Uehara Haruo. He says that 8 months have passed since 311 accident at Fukushima, without any improvement, it is inevitable that melted fuel went out of the container vessel and sank underground, which is called China syndrome. If fuel reaches an underground water vein, it will cause contamination of underground water, soil contamination and sea contamination. Moreover, if the underground water vein keeps being heated for long time, a massive hydrovolcanic explosion will be caused. Radioactive debris are spreading in Pacific Ocean and tons of the debris has reached the Marshall Islands as of 15 November 2011.

bharatian

MIT had forecasted 4 major nuclear disasters in the next 40 years. Here a traitor unelected, illegal PM has limited the liability to five years where as a reactor life is around 40 to 50 years. There is collusion between CIA ISI agent Manmohan headed India government and the American businesses like GE, Dow etc. He is buying new nuclear reactors without site studies or using unproven reactor designs or without our engineers evaluating the designs for Indian conditions. This thief PM is making our nuclear engineers abandon proven Indian designs and are made to operate new untested reactors like the French AREVA EPR reactors, and this could result in future accidents. Traitor Manmohan is the marketing man for the American cowboys. General Electric supplied TAP I and II caused such serious radiation leakage, that many engineers and technicians who were forced to work there died of radiation. On 10 Sep 1989 reactor had been leaking radioactive iodine at more than 700 times normal levels. Repairs to the reactor take more than a year and cost of the accident is estimated to be about $78 million. On 13 May 1992 the tube leak at Tarapur reacter caused release of 12 Curies of radioactivity that resulted a cost of $2 million. General Electric that built Tarapur reactors had also supplied the BWR reactors that exploded at Fukushima.
bit.ly/fztn8J, bit.ly/gDcYqR, bit.ly/uy2onl, scr.bi/9oHVrI, scr.bi/T9vJN, bit.ly/vA4yV,

I have designed Thorium rods for breeding U233, worked for atomic bomb and is a reactor specialist. Till tsunai struck at Kalpakkam, none of was even aware of it. Fast breeders are inherently unsafe and is a danger to the population due to its positive void coefficient. They are cooled by liquid sodium, that can react explosively with both air and water even with a small leak. Use of water in case of fire would react explosively with the sodium coolant. Only one small test fast reactor operates in India in Kalpakkam and it had a refuelling accident on 4 May 1987 that ruptured the reactor core, resulting in a two-year shutdown and a loss of $300 million. On 22-10-2002, 100 kg radioactive sodium leaked and damaged the systems that caused a loss of about $30 million. The larger PFBR at Kalpakkam is 1,200 MWT and 500 MWe is a threat to TN and its containment is not strong. Kalpakkam is an accident waiting to happen that will result in mandatory evacuation of Chennai.

bharatian

Contamination levels in French beaches are very high. France's breeder reactor project, , is riddled by accidents, collapsed in its own ashes, India is proceeding on the Fast Breeder reactor programme and is bound to contaminate Chennai, There were ten terrorist incidents against European nuclear installations between 1966-1977. New York City's water reservoirs were contaminated with plutonium in April 1985. IAEA says not a single person died from radiation by defining it to suit them.. Yet 130 crore people have died so far from nuclear radiation. It is like missionaries who convert Hindus in tribal belts and Nagaland and saying that they are not Hindus. After conversion they ask for a christen nation. Earthquake, tsunami, terrorist attack, or due to lack of good engineers. A Chernobyl or a Three Mile Island or Fukushima accident can happen in India. EU promised 200 million Euros to prevent another Chernobyl-style nuclear disaster for early closing of reactors in Bulgaria , Armenia etc. Our fast breeder reactor is coming up in Kalpakkam. Last time a tsunami flooded the plant as these things were not thought of during design. Every fast breeder reactor is unstable and danger to the population as these reactors are inherently unsafe because of its positive void coefficient. Only one small test fast reactor operates in India in Kalpakkam. The construction of a larger prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam that use mixed plutonium uranium oxide as fuel in its core, with a blanket of depleted uranium oxide that will absorb neutrons and transmute into plutonium 239 is expected by 2010. Liquid sodium will be used to cool the core, which will produce 1,200 megawatts of thermal power and 500 megawatts of electricity. Only low IQ Tamils will allow 80km away such a potential bomb near Chennai city.

bharatian

In Kalkar in Germany the first full size, commercial fast breeder reactor was constructed by spending $ 5billion.Yet in 1991 the German Government decided to abandon the project as the reactor was unsafe to that nation. It was sold for $30 million and converted to an amusement park. United States that built the first breeder reactor and spend lot of money for more than 20 years abandoned the breeder programme in late 1970s. Japan has shut down its Monju reactor after a sodium fire in December 1995. French breeder program, remained inoperative for the majority of its 11-year lifetime until it was finally shuttered in 1996. Indian Engineers who work in Kalpakkam were trained in France and they are going to cause grief to India in the near future. Fast breeder reactors aren’t ready for commercial use. Fast reactors could become a nuclear bomb in layman’s language. There were ten terrorist incidents against European nuclear installations between 1966-1977. New York City's water reservoirs were contaminated with plutonium in April 1985. The testing confirmed it as they detected femto curie levels of plutonium in the water. A caller said to be a member of the Nuclear Liberation Front claimed responsibility for a bomb explosion in the parking lot of Sandia National Laboratories, California, next to LLNL at 1:30 A.M on 28-11-1987. In Pennsylvania at Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in 1987 a man drives his station wagon through the fence and wanders on foot for a period of time before he was captured. In Feb 1990 Azerbeijani rebels unsuccessfully attacked a Soviet military depot near Baku where nuclear weapons are stored. Soviet troops were sent to secure the base. In Mar 1992 box of radioactive material was stolen from Pridniestroviye, Transdnestr and the thieves threatened to blow up the material if fighting in Moldova was not stopped. Nuke power plant is far away, say from populated area, and even then a minimum of US $300 billion could be the cost in damage to lives and property due to a major nuclear accident. Price Anderson Act that limits nuclear liability in the event of an accident to about US $7 billion in USA. After an accident, US taxpayers have to make up the difference Now the Rome mary is trying to kill Indians with unsafe nuke plants and limit the liability to 500 crore. Fission and activation products like iodine-129, cesium-135, and chlorine-36 that will pose risks far into the future and much beyond the 24,100-year half-life of plutonium-239. There is no known method to keep all these for these long years in a safe manner even in deep rock formations.

bharatian

We are suffering from radiation even without the nuclear power plants. Borewells and other local sources of potable water in Bangalore are contaminated with Radon, a radioactive substance. The presence of Radon is due to the presence of Uranium in rocks. Radon is the product of the radioactive decay of the element radium. Indeed, radon is midway in a chain of radioactive transformations originating with uranium 238 which has such a long half-life of 4 billion years, that one-half of the earth's original compliment remains. Radon is naturally occurring radioactive gas found in low concentrations almost everywhere on earth. It is colorless, odorless, and chemically inert, like helium, neon, and the other so-called noble gases. It is fairly soluble in water. Radon is from the decay of radioactive Radium and enters ground water. Borewells allows Radon to seep into the water. Reverse osmosis and other filtration methods will not eliminate Radon. The radioactive Radon emits alpha particles and produces several solid radioactive products called radon daughters that can damage living cells. Health risks of airborne radon are estimated primarily on the basis of lung-cancer mortality rates of uranium miners who worked in mines. High levels of Radon can cause stomach and lung cancers. About 35% of Bangaluru residents consume borewell water and are at high risk from Radon. The depth of borewell and radon concentration had no relation. The permissible level of Radon is 11.83 Bq/litre (Becquerel per litres). Thirty ground water samples were taken from borewells across Bangaluru revealed theat the Radon concentration varied between 56 Bq/L and 1189 Bq/l. Water from a borewell at Talghatapura revealed the highest radon concentration of 1189 Bq/l while samples from a borewell at Majestic area showed 946.69 Bq/l. The lowest presence of Radon, 55.96 Bq/L was detected in a water taken from a borewell in Srinivasapura. Not a single well showed Radon to be below the permissible limits. In this connection it is very important to have the rain water harvesting in all buildings in Bangaluru to reduce the level of Radon in subsoil water.

bharatian

If I am permitted to state the facts in the form of the following humor, please forgive for saying it. DAE was an employment exchange for Brahmins and esp it is for the South India, and more so for the Tamil Nadu Brahmins. Most of them brought in their relatives to DAE, in what is known as the coaching route to the DAE. One can see mostly Brahmins in BARC and similar establishments in DAE decades back. Kerala Christians also picked up this route but they got in to the purchase department and other administrative post. Tamil Brahmins were driven out from Tamil Nadu by the ill conceived and false premises promoted by the Christian missionary and their British masters propaganda of Aryan Invasion that made the Tamil Brahmins as Aryans. Genetic studies have clearly shown that there was no Aryan invasion and if any Aryans are there it is the black Tamils who still follow the bull fight traditions of Harappa and Mohanjadaro. The stupid below average intelligent general public of Tamil Nadu were taken up by the Aryan Invasion idea of the missionaries, who wanted to convert these stupid people who went as slaves of British to everywhere their white masters asked them with a question. In contrast the Europeans had to forcibly abduct Africans to make them slaves in church plantations and other jobs. So the wily Brahmins have made Tamil Nadu where abundant supply of coolant water is not available, as the base for the unsafe experimental fast breeder reactor programme. Later they expanded it to Koodankulam. Any accident will contaminate the whole of Tamil Nadu. All the Tamil Brahmins driven out long ago are now well settled in Western nations and in the metros of India and does not care what will happen to the idiotic Dravidians. What a revenge.

bharatian

What is happening in a reactor or in an atom bomb is practically the same. A bomb is also a reactor that operates for a fraction of a second to few seconds by which time the fission of the Uranium of Plutonium produces such a high temperature that nothing can hold the fuel or the fission products in place and it explodes and thus chain reaction is stopped. What happens when the fission products comes out from the bomb is that it contaminates the area around where no living things can survive for millions of years. In a nuclear reactor this action is controlled, but we burn some 10% or so of the U235 available in the fuel can be used to produce energy. This percentage can vary by few percentages. In nuclear terms this is If 10% of the initial fuel is undergone fission, the burnup is 10%. This percentage is difficult to measure and so an alternative definition is preferred. It is computed by multiplying the thermal power of the plant by the time of operation and dividing by the mass of the initial fuel loading and is expressed as MWd/MTHM where HM stands for Uranium, Plutonium, etc. . 10% burnup is less than 100 GWd/MTHM. The fuel cannot be used beyond this figures which is variable as per the design as the fission products will start to poision or absorb the neutrons. This fuel removed needs to be cooled for thousands of years or reprocessed and some of the fission products have to be safely cooled and kept for millions of years. Say Koodankulam operate safely for 50 years and then what? The reactor has to be dismantled, The fuel reprocessing plant has to be used and the highly waste has to be stored for a million years safely with cooling and security. Or should be buried deep for which no plan is in place by any nation so far.Till date USA is not prepared for decommissioning of a nuclear reactor or its waste disposal. India is not prepared for all types of nuclear emergencies and it became clear long back when US supplied Tarapur Reactor got heavily contaminated. Our CANDU reactors are not meeting 911 criteria, and its original design nation Canada has discontinued these type of unsafe reactors. USA secretly sought Japan’s support in 1972 to enable it to dump decommissioned nuclear reactors into the world’s oceans under the London Convention. Washington succeeded in incorporating the clause into the treaty. USA constructed nuclear reactors without deciding on disposal methods, forcing it to consider dumping them at sea after they were decommissioned. In 1993 revisions to the London Convention, the dumping of radioactive waste at sea was totally prohibited. However, the clause that approved of dumping in exceptional cases is still in force and the world’s nuclear thug USA can still contaminate our oceans. India should stop all nuclear power plant constructions as it is costly, contaminating for millions of years and can leave large parts of India as wasteland. The on-going Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan brought us heartbreaking pictures of skeletal dogs and ragged cats roaming the streets and of dying livestock left to starve. Marine animals are also suffering, contaminated by tens of thousands of tons of radioactively contaminated water dumped into the ocean at Fukushima. But nuclear power harms animals without an accident. Millions of fish and spawn are pulverized by reactor intake systems while endangered sea turtles, manatees and seals are injured and killed
We are obsessed with nuclear power that is very costly and are damaging the nation, because it subsidisers weapons programme. We should stop the playing with all radioactive reactors to protect our biosphere. This reminds me of what was happening long ago that can be read from old articles. Soldiers were asked to stand and watch nuclear bomb explosion and most of them died of cancer in later years. In 1930s and 1940s people were happy with radiation and they put radium in health tonics, food, and toothpaste. People boiled themselves under UV lamps. Radiation as on today in BARC, was used to mutate plants and garden vegetables. Shoe salesmen were taking x-rays through a child's foot check its fit and naturally those salesmen were exposed more as the shoe store attendant looked through one of the windows. The only safety shielding on the fluoroscope was a tiny layer of aluminium that will not stop any radiation. In the fifties there were seminars on the benefits of low level radiation to human beings that can be read in the nuclear engineering magazines of that time.

bharatian

Never believe the Department Atomic Enegy on the safety aspects of any nuclear staion. When US supplied Tarapur reactors got heavily contaminated with radioactivity from damaged fuel elements, they sent all DAE employees from all over India on rotation as one can work in such radiation only for a few minutes before they reach the annual maximum exposure limit. Yet these exposure to radiation was never told to its own staff and kept the data as a confidential information. Roughly if a person is exposed one RAD their life span will be reduced by an year. Many DAE, Engineers and staff have died. United States is a much worse nation in this aspect. So also all other nations. US Atomic Energy commission conducted unethical radiation experiments using poor and sick persons as well as blacks. In these inhuman experiments US military, CIA etc took part. These US government organizations fed radioactive food to mentally retarded children. They have injected pregnant women and babies with radioactive chemicals. Most strange thing the Atomic energy commission did was irradiating the testicles of prison inmates. At the Johns Hopkins Hospital USAEC researchers inserted radium rods in to the noses of 582 school children and 7000 U.S. Army and Navy personnel. This was tried on over two and a half million Americans. This was to study the effect of radiation on humans. Planes were used to release radioactive chemicals over U.S. and Canadian cities. US Atomic Energy commission researchers gave pregnant women from 100 to 200 microcuries of iodine-131, in order to study the women's aborted embryos in an attempt to discover at what stage, and to what extent, radioactive iodine crosses the placental barrier.

bharatian

US researchers gave 25 newborn babies iodine-131, either by oral administration or through an injection, so that they could measure the amount of iodine in their thyroid glands. In another USAEC study, researchers fed iodine-131 to 28 healthy infants through a gastric tube to test the concentration of iodine in the infants' thyroid glands. In a USAEC operation called the Green Run, AEC had released Iodine-131 and Xenon-133 to the atmosphere which contaminated 2,000 km2 area containing three small towns near Washington. Researchers have orally administered iodine-131 to 65 premature and full-term infants who weighed from 2.1 to 5.5 lb. USAEC have given milk contaminated with radioactive I-131 to volunterrs to study its effect on humans. USAEC sponsored researchers at the University of Rochester injected Uranium in to people to see how much Uranium their kidneys could tolerate before becoming damaged. For brain tumors, one doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital injected Uranium on many patients. As part of the first Atom bomb project of USA known as the Manhattan Project three patients in Chicago were injected with the radioativive highly toxic Plutonium. US researchers have given water contaminated with radioactive Plutonium-239 to six employees of a laboratory in Chicago.

US researchers had given mixtures containing radioactive iron saying that it is vitamin drinks that will improve the health of their babies. Many children have died of cancers while the women experienced rashes, bruises, anemia, hair/tooth loss, and cancer. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and the Quaker Oats corporation did a research in which 73 children were fed oatmeal containing radioactive Calcium and other radioactive isotopes to study how nutrients were digested. The children were not told that they were being fed radioactive chemicals and were told by hospital staff and researchers that they were joining a science club. In a USAEC operation called the Green Run, AEC had released Iodine-131 and Xenon-133 to the atmosphere which contaminated 2,000 km2 area containing three small towns near Washington. Researchers have orally administered iodine-131 to 65 premature and full-term infants who weighed from 2.1 to 5.5 lb. USAEC have given milk contaminated with radioactive I-131 to volunterrs to study its effect on humans.

bharatian

USAEC sponsored researchers at the University of Rochester injected Uranium in to people to see how much Uranium their kidneys could tolerate before becoming damaged. For brain tumors, one doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital injected Uranium on many patients. As part of the first Atom bomb project of USA known as the Manhattan Project three patients in Chicago were injected with the radioativive highly toxic Plutonium. US researchers have given water contaminated with radioactive Plutonium-239 to six employees of a laboratory in Chicago. US researchers had given mixtures containing radioactive iron saying that it is vitamin drinks that will improve the health of their babies. Many children have died of cancers while the women experienced rashes, bruises, anemia, hair/tooth loss, and cancer. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and the Quaker Oats corporation did a research in which 73 children were fed oatmeal containing radioactive Calcium and other radioactive isotopes to study how nutrients were digested. The children were not told that they were being fed radioactive chemicals and were told by hospital staff and researchers that they were joining a science club.

American researchers, funded by US Atomic Energy commission injected 500 microcuries of radioactive phosphorus-32 on black burn victims without their knowledge or consent. The radioactivity level was 50 times the acceptable dose and it led to earlier death of patiests. This inhuman experiment was done at the Medical College of Virginia. USAEC researchers gave mentally retarded children radioactive calcium orally and intravenously. They also injected radioactive chemicals into malnourished babies. Researchers pushed needles through their skulls, into their brains, through their necks, and into their spines and collected cerebrospinal fluid for analysis. An 18 year old woman at a New York hospital, suffering from a pituitary gland disorder, was injected with plutonium for treatment. In 1961 and 1962, ten Utah State Prison inmates blood was taken and then it was mixed with radioactive chemicals and reinjected back into their bodies. In a 1967 study that was published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, pregnant women were injected with radioactive cortisol to see if it would cross the placental barrier and affect the fetuses.

bharatian

Cowboy US scientists have made plutonium 238 to make nuclear batteries that worked for decades. In 1964, a rocket failure led to the destruction of a navigation satellite powered by plutonium 238, spreading radioactivity around the globe. One millionth of a gram of plutonium, if inhaled, would give cancer to any humans. In 1965, high in the Himalayas, an American intelligence team caught in a blizzard lost a plutonium-powered device meant to spy on China. And in 1968, a weather satellite crashed into the Pacific, but US recovered its plutonium battery. If we drink Himalaya water we may be taking in plutonium. American cowboy scientists conducted radioactive fallout exposure research on unsuspecting residents of other nations. The residents of the Marshall Islands were exposed to very high radiation levels of up to 180 RADs during a nuclear bomb test in 1954. Of the 236 Islanders exposed to the test, some developed severe radiation sickness and some died and babies were born with birth defects, and some were jellyfish babies, and most had thyroid problems. America had conducted atmospheric nuclear tests in Nevada that released radiation which caused an estimated 212,000 excess cases of thyroid cancer among Americans who were exposed to the radioactive fallout of which around 21,000 have died. American and Australian researchers even attempted to determine just how much nuclear fallout would be required to make the Earth uninhabitable using the atmospheric nuclear tests. Such tests had dispersed radioactive nuclides worldwide, and examination of human bodies of infants for Strontium 90, in their bones, was done to see how readily it was taken up and hence how much damage it caused. Researchers collected infant bodies and bones from all over the world. The bones were burned and the ashes were analyzed for radioisotopes. In this secret project, the parents and families were not told what was being done with the body parts of the infants.

Durai

Bharatian
My simple reply to your lenghty article is that KKNPP can remove sever power cuts and it is fully ready with world's latest safety features in need of time.To be in simple terms.If you don't allow a child to play just because a child can fall and get hurt, the child future is not going to be difficult.What we can ensure is that we can have possible protection so that even if child falls it won't get hurt.Therefore as all of us know that KKNPP has all the latest safety protection and imaginary radiation risk can not be the reasons to stop it.Hence our worry on something which may not happen is not justified.

Durai

Bharatian
Typing correction in my reply and correct the sentence to "the child future is not going to be easy".

bharatian

Kudankulam Nuclear Power Project (KKNPP) at Kudankulam in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu consists of two Russian designed and untested, VVER-1000 type of units having 1000 MWe rating each. Now Russia is selling the upgraded version called VVER-1200. In light of the accident at Fukushima, Japan, some short term and long term measures are also planned that are yet to be incorporated. The plant is designed and could withstand and manage all designed and natural calamities but can fail if any thing above the design earthquake level or a big tsunami is encountered and will fail like Fukushima. Nuclear power on a long term basis is not advisable for India economically or environmentally. Working in DAE, I saw that every nuclear power plant leaks and contaminate its surroundings. Now TN is exporting pesticide laden vegetables and if the reator start operating they will eat and export radioactive fish and radioactive vegetables. Ofcourse it will also reduce Tamil population and we will have less Rajas and Chidambarams and Marans. Long term waste disposal after its usuful life of 40 to 50 years is not possible in Tamil Nadu. Thus after its useful life of say 50 years, Tamil Nadu has to suffer a nuclear waste on its soil for a millennium and its safe preservation is not possible and the surrounding areas will get contaminated with radiation. Every nuclear reactor, including research reactors, and the nuclear power plant reactors in India had contaminated its surrounding soil and subsoil water.

bharatian

A nuclear scam is in progress, that could net Sonia 4 Billion per plant and if three stations are built it could be up to EUR 12 Billion loot. Jaitapur Nuclear scam is directly under this thief unelected illegal PM. France has sold two EPR reactors to Finland at a cost of EUR 3 billion in which all escalation cost is on France. The nuclear power station is yet to get commissioned. To China a power station with two reactors were sold at a cost of EUR 5 Billion . But for Jaitapur with two same reactors are at a cost of EUR 7 billion. The EPR is European Pressurized Reactor, or Evolutionary Power Reactor, but is now simply named EPR by Areva. EPR reactors are not operating anywhere in the world and can explode due to its control system. Reactors follow the grid load which is not the case with any other reactors as reactors are designed only as a base load unit. EPR III+ reactor problems are so serious that AREVA should cut their losses and abandon this design, as per Professor Stephen Thomas, of University of Greenwich. Finland and the United Kingdom issued a joint letter to Areva, cited serious problems with the EPR’s Control systems. The EPR design, as originally proposed by the licensees and the manufacturer, AREVA, doesn’t comply with the independence principle, as there is a very high degree of complex interconnectivity between the control and safety systems.” EPRs nuclear waste will be many times more radioactive than that from conventional reactors.France’s European Pressurized Water or EPR Generation III+ reactor problems are so serious that they should be abandoned as per Stephen Thomas, University of Greenwich professor of energy studies. His EPR in crisis report says that the Areva design, begun in 1995 to add more passive safety factors to the basic Electricity de France Generation III PWR, has not been able to deliver on promises of a new, safer reactor that is dramatically less capital-intensive than past machines. In 2001, French nuclear officials claimed the EPR could be built for $1320/KW, but the costs of the two EPR units now under construction in Finland and France are well behind schedule and running more than triple the cost estimate, at $4800/KW in 2009 for the Finnish reactor. TVO, the Finnish utility that will own and operate the plant at Olkiluoto, is suing Areva to recover some of the costs, which could sink the utility. TVO cannot survive financially if it had to shoulder a significant proportion of these costs. French government controlled Areva’s credit ratings have fallen to BBB+, as a result of the EPR problems and its customers could be put out of business by the purchase an EPR. In France EDF, had ordered an EPR for Flamanville in January 2007. Construction began on the 1630-MW unit that December, at a cost estimate of about $2590/KW, not including the first fuel load or financing costs. In May 2008, French safety regulators halted construction temporarily because of quality assurance issues related to the base mat for the plant. Delays led Areva to put the completion date back a year to 2013, with a new cost estimate of $3,265/KW. The plant is now three years behind schedule, and the costs are running some 1.7 billion Euros over the original 3.3 billion Euros budget. France, realizing that EPR commercialization was faltering bribed Sonia and Manmohan so that India will be trapped in to EPR reactors on the idiotic, corrupt Marati manoos of the Sharad Pawar and Sivraj Patil type. bit.ly/fztn8J

bharatian

We do not require reactors to kill populations. Just the use of Uranium that is poisonous for other purposes. The deplated Uranium or DU that is used in shells has the same affects as Nuclear Fall out and spreads through out the globe. Starting on 24-3-1999, for three months NATO bombed Serb targets in the former republic of Yugoslavia. Four years earlier its forces had bombed Bosnia-Herzegovina. Their aim was to end the fighting between Serbs and Albanians who lived in the areas. But they left a time bomb behind them in the form of cancer. In Kosovo, the number of cancer patients has grown three times over the last ten years, while in Bosnia-Herzegovina, already more than a thousand people have died from cancer. 90% of them came from areas NATO had bombed. NATO had used ammunition with deplated uranium in Yugoslavia. The US is one of the worst offenders that use DU. There is no other place in the modern world like the former republic of Yugoslavia where so many young people, aged between 30 and 40 that are dying from cancer. Blood and lung cancer are most widespread. In 2000, NATO disclosed that depleted uranium weapons were used during its mission to bring peace to Kosovo. The Pentagon couldn’t hide cancer deaths among NATO soldiers who were serving in the region. Nobody in the international community took much notice until Italian soldiers who were stationed in Kosovo areas started dying from cancer-related illnesses. Serbia is now a dangerous country to live in after NATO used depleted uranium munitions there during the 1999 bombing campaign that left the area highly contaminated with radiation. In Pale, Bosnia-Herzegovina, the war crimes court is recording evidence of an increased number of cancer patients. The court says that the pieces of ammunition found in the bombed areas had a much higher level of radiation than is internationally allowed. It was a deliberate attempt by NATO forces to kill as many people as possible. It was also a chance for the West to test new weapons. Iraq was bombarded by it during the first Gulf War. Afghanistan is riddled with DU and Radiation from the Bunker Busters. In nuclear bomb testing the US is the number one offender followed by France. Add to the DU Contamination the Two thousand Nuclear tests conducted around the world. The world has become a deadly place to live and thyroid problem is like an epdemic now. Cancer and other Radiation related illnesses is common throughout the world. Ten years after NATO bombed the former Yugoslavia, with DU shells, the consequences are felt almost everywhere in the world and it will take billions of years for uranium to decay. America used poisonous deplated Uranium in Fallujah, and in Baghdad. And in Fallujah, 80 per cent of the babies being born are grossly deformed. They’re being born without brains, single eyes, no arms. The doctors have told the women to stop having babies. The incidence of childhood cancer has gone up about twelve times. The total death of Iraqis from American war on them is around 1,455,590. This is genocide by Americans who conducted a nuclear war in Iraq. The uranium that they’re using lasts more than 4.5 billion years and USA is damaging nations. Depleted Uranium Fall out in Middle East is now covers Kashmiur, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi etc..

Ignatius Fernando

The pro-nuke lobby expects us to blindly accept their views and it is a sheer waste of time reacting to it.

Nuclear can not be beaten on atleast its immense power potential(1kg U=Millions of units) , large capacity capbility (1650MW and more) and 50 years of operating experiences and hence nuclear can not be blindly ignored.

Mr.Bharathian has done his job , for which he is paid… Well Done Sir… You are a Ex.DAE and you are telling now , that you had not recruited good engineers. I do appreciate you , because you have opined about you…. It is natural to state here , with this kind of knowledge in Nuclear , how you can recruit good engineers…? or How you will identify good engineers…?

Some … Ex DAE people are now in Anti – Nuke movement , because thier service in DAE had not been extended … If not, why they were keeping mom when they were in service….?

Well Done sir…. Keep it Up…

T.V.Rama Rao

Durai like a Medical representative of a phaermaaeceutical firm is arguing on behalf of nuclear industry whose policy is to bribe all the ministers of central and state governments including chief ministers who are elected to thde legislatures and parliament to seve public interests and once in office they are kidnapped by the nuclear lobby to plan for destructive development in place of sustained development.They are helpless because they say they have bribed the voters and hence they have to recover the costs for next elections to continue their national looting just as Thugs and pindaris of the historical times who were controlled by the British rulers who had some ethics unlike Indian leaders like Bangaru lakshman,former president of BJP and Raja of DMK party who are sent to jails as criminals while people like Kamaraj Nadar and C.Subramaniam were were honest political leaders who suffered in Jail for serving public interests.There are several cases pending against Jayalalitha in courts and still she has not learned any thing about morals and ethics to live like a true indian within this small span of life and she may nogt be aware that sevice to fellowmen is service to GOD and love of fellowmen is love of GOD.School children must teach her these lessons as she is playing with the lives of the future generations of Tamilians like the demons and devils who used to harass the virtuous people and meet their destiny in an inhuman way as had happened in case of Mrs.Indira Gandhi.Life is short and no person shall plan for killing millions of people of Southern Tamilnadu by forcing the killer Nuclear plant over their heads by violatingf the rules and regulations and b y obtaining a very false report on Nuclear safety from persons who are not at all experts under any count and that is most heinous crime that Tamilnadu state is committing which is abetted by thde most unpatriotic WEducated citizens of Tamilnadu including the corruppt mass media of Chennai

Dr.K.PURUSHOTHAM REDDY

As president of Citizen’s Against Pollution,Hyderabad and Head of thde Department of Political ScienceOsmania University,I am proud to say that along with the active support of an international expert on Environment anxd the common people of Andhra pradesh and the patriotic mass media,we have succeeded in our fight againast the Location of a Nuclear plant at Nagarjuna Sagar during 1988,even though the Chief Ministers were eager to have the plant at any cost for the lots of corruption money it swill get to the people in power.Such corruption can be stopped if only people rise up against the state autocratic power under the guise of Democracy.Even today,if the educated people in tamilnadu honestly come forward to educate the common people against the Nuclear power,they can tolearate to give up Rs.14,000 crores already spent for the project instead of planning to loose Rs.4 lakhs crores towards compensating the victims due to a potential accident that is bound to occur in the near future.For more scientific details if there are any honest scientists and politicians they can browse through the web asite”DiaNuke.org ”
1]://www.dianuke.org/lessons-of-chernobyl-and-fukushima-nuclear-safety-is-an-oxymoron/
2]://www.dianuke.org/nuclear-safety-experts-shivaji-rao/

Lokesh

If the governance is so particular in commencing a nuclear reactor, Why should they refuse to provide the information which is seeked by the kudankulam & Idinthakarai people. Let the government dismiss their demand for closing it down. But, People have every right to get the information and validate it using all possible sources. But, These information still remain undisclosed.