Azután, vitt könyvet az asztalról.After that, he took a book from the table.

Generally, flat surfaces use this triad: table, street, face, etc.

Most Hungarian cities and Hungary itself use this case:

Budapestre megyek.I am going to Budapest.

Budapesten vagyok.I am in Budapest.

Budapestről jövök.I am coming from Budapest.

Magyarországról vagyok.I am from Hungary (i.e. I am Hungarian).

Abstract concepts

Additionally, abstract concepts such as thought or memory using this ending:

jól esett, hogy gondoltál rám! it was great that you thought of me (lit. very well it fell that you thought into me).

emlékszik erre? does he remember this?

emlékszel rám? do you remember me?

házra gondolok. I think about a house.

hasonlítok az apámra. I look like my father

a kilátás az erkélyről nagyon szép: a tóra és a kertre nézek.
the view from the balcony is very beautiful: I can see the lake and the garden.

Use as for, to

This ending is also used to mean for or to:

Ági jár angolra. Ági goes to English (lesson).

Én minden nap edzésre járok. Every day I go to training.

Mit akarsz ebédre? What do you want for dinner?

Hány személyre kellene? Két személyre. For how many people do you need (the hotel room)? For two people.

Mennyibe kerül egy napra?How must does it cost for one day?

Time expressions

The -ra/re ending is used to express duration of time. Depending on whether the
action is future or past, and on whether the action the performed in this duration is dynamic (go, run, etc)
or static (be, exist), will determine which ending you use.

The other temporal endings are [-ja/je] and [-ig].

When expressing a duration, and the verb is dynamic, use -ra/re.

Két hétre Londonba küldtek. They sent me to London for two weeks.

Két hónapra mentünk Londonba. We went to London for 2 months.

Mennyi időre? For how long? (c.f. meddig? Until when?)

Hány napra? How many days (duration)?

When we use a static verb, we use [-ig].

Use with ennyi and annyi

The use of -ra/re with ennyi/annyi(this amount/that amount) gives a very subtle effect.
The -re on ennyi is used when we're following with an adjective.
The "amount" sense of ennyi
is then applied to the adjective, not to the noun.

NB when we follow ennyi with an adjective that is
really part of a noun, such as red wine
(really, that this as redwine)
or brown bread (=brownbread)
then we do not usually use -re.
If we use -re,
then we mean that the ennyi applies to the amount of the ADJECTIVE
applicable to the noun, as above, whereas we probably meant to say
this much red wine.... and not
this much redness in wine....

ennyi barna kenyér nem jó This amount of brown bread is not good.
There the ennyi talks about the amount of the bread.

ennyire barna kenyér nem jóThis amount of brownness in the bread is not good
Here the ennyi is talking about the amount of brownness that the bread possesses.

ennyi vörös bor nem elég de annyi sör elég
This much red wine is not enough, but that much white wine is enough.
Here, the "amount" is of the whole noun (red wine).

ennyire nagy hassal nem jöhetsz beWith such a large stomach you may not come in.
Here the ennyi, because of the -re, is talking about the
nagy: the amount of
largeness that the stomach possesess.

ennyit sose gondolkodtamI have never thought such an amount (e.g. thought so much that one's brain hurts)

ennyi kenyér nem elégthis amount of bread is not enough

ennyire kevés nem elégthis little (amount of) bread is not enough

ennyire nagy ház nem fér itt elthis size of house does not fit here

Annyira tipikusan angol arcod van [, és kedvelem a kék szemedet és szőke hajadat.]You have such a typically English face [, and I fancy your blue eyes and blonde hair]
Here, the -ra in annyira makes the "amount" apply to the Englishness of my face.