The Emerging Power of the Twentysomething Saudi Woman

The Emerging Power of the Twentysomething Saudi Woman

By Rob L. Wagner

NewsTilt (25 April 2010)

Western feminists spend considerable energy debating whether
Saudi women need rescuing from what Westerners perceive as an oppressive patriarchal
society. Activists grapple with the conundrum of whether to respect the choices
Saudi women make or to plunge ahead with a campaign to guarantee their basic human
rights.

The most recent effort to rescue Saudi women comes from the
International Olympic Committee’s Women and Sports Commission. The commission is pressuring Saudi Arabia to allow female
athletes to participate in the 2012 games or face a possible ban from
competition. Yet Saudi women largely ignore this type of pressure. Which begs
the question: Do Saudi women need a savior?

The answer is no. In my interviews in Saudi Arabia over the
past six years, Saudi women consistently argue that reform develops organically
and not from external pressure.

“I find Western intervention into my business rather
annoying,” one Saudi professional told me recently. “Who appointed non-Saudis
to speak for me? That’s not to say that Saudi women face serious problems. The
current attitudes toward male guardianship pose severe hardships on women, but
change in Saudi society is happening. And it’s occurring at a pace most of us
are comfortable with.”

Shroog Radain, 29, is a teacher’s aide at King Abdulaziz
University in Jeddah. She bristles at the suggestion that she needs help to
overcome cultural obstacles as she pursues a career in higher education.

“Saudis are more open now than they ever have been,” Radain
said. “You will find men and women working in a non-segregated environment.
You’ll find the private universities have no limits.”

Radain noted that Western feminists fail to understand how
Saudi women interpret women’s rights. Saudi society generally perceives women’s
rights in the context of Western culture that threaten Islamic values.
Abandoning the hijab, premarital sex and relegating the needs of family to second-class
status are genuine fears among Saudis.

Indeed, Western activists fail to win the hearts and minds
of Saudi women once they argue for reform that conflicts with Saudi values. Saudi
women, according to Radain, want the rights that Islam guarantees them without
the constraints of tribal and cultural traditions. The Qur’an, for example,
interprets male guardianship considerably more loosely than the Saudi
government.

The frustrated activist, though, can take comfort in the
impact Western values has Saudi culture.

Access to the
Internet and satellite television that broadcast American television shows,
movies and pop music videos heavily influence Saudi women who are now making
demands once considered taboo.

“It used to be
that why we wear the niqab was never a topic of discussion,” said the Saudi
professional who is originally from Madinah. “Everybody wore the niqab. When I
moved to Jeddah in 2003, I’d say one or two in 10 girls were not wearing it.
Now it’s even more. We can thank satellite television for that. You watch
enough American movies and you begin to think differently about things as long
as your basic religious values remain intact.”

A major obstacle
to Western feminists winning the trust of Saudi women is generalizations made
about Saudi men and the perception that they have complete control over wives,
daughters and sisters. There are many instances of emotional abuse of women in
Saudi Arabia, but to indict the entire male population is ludicrous, Radain
said.

“My husband
supports my desire to study in the U.S. and he is willing to quit his job and
continue his studies as well,” Radain said. “He never thinks of men versus
women. Most of my husband’s generation has the same mentality.”

A significant impact
on young Saudis is the rising influence of young sheikhs, who are becoming
increasingly popular among teens and young adults.

“These young
guys are role models for teenagers today,” Radain said. “These sheikhs are
willing to meet boys and girls in the same room. The girls don’t cover their
faces and everyone memorizes the Qur’an together. It’s religious study in a
modern way and it suits our lives.”

Saudi women
point to the popularity of religious study in a mixed environment and their choices
in careers as reform on their own terms and not defined by Western values. It’s
reform they embrace.

Rob L. Wagner is
a California-based journalist who writes about Arab/Muslim issues. He was
managing editor of the daily newspaper Saudi
Gazette in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from 2004 to 2007, and returns
periodically to the Kingdom. He most recently was a contributing writer to the
academic textbook Islam: Opposing
Viewpoints (Greenhaven Press, Gale Cengage Learning, 2009).