Ch 24

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The antibiotic streptomycin binds with tRNAmet at the 30S ribosome. For this information you can conclude that streptomycinA. Prevents transcription in eukaryotesB. Prevent translation in eukaryotesC. Prevent transcription in prokaryotesD. Prevents translation in prokaryotesE. Inhibits DNA replication

C

In the presence of penicillin, what kills the bacteria?A. It lacks a cell wallB. It plasmolyzes.C. It undergoes osmotic lysesD. It lacks a cell membraneE. None of the above.

C

ChloramphenicolA. Inhibits RNA synthesis. B. Cannot be absorbed from the intestine. C. Interferes with protein synthesis in microorganisms.D. Is effective only against Gram-negative infections.

Amoxicillin is preferable to penicillin because itA. stimulates fewer allergic reactions.B. is absorbed more easily from the intestine when taken orally.C. is more active against Gram-positive bacteria.D. cannot be detoxified by penicillinase.

B

The beta-lactam nucleus is the basic structure of the A. tetracyclinesB. aminoglycosidesC. penicillinsD. chloramphenicols

C

In competitive inhibition, sulfanilamide is used by a bacterium in an abortive attempt to A. synthesize PABA.B. form folic acid.C. resist the effect of tetracycline.D. synthesize proteins

B

Isoniazid is of particular value A. for treating tuberculosis.B. for treating Gram-negative infections.C. for separating Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.D. for treating Gram-positive infections.E. for water purification.

Members of the genus StreptomycesA. produce sulfanilamide.B. are commonly found in the urinary tract.C. produce cephalosporin antibiotics.D. produce many well-known antibiotics.E. produce penicillin.

D

Both the cephalosporin and penicillin antibioticsA. are related to sulfanilamide.B. are used primarily for Gram-negative bacteria.C. act on the cell wall of bacteria.D. stimulate the immune system. E. are used for fungal diseases.

C

Which of the following antibiotics is not bactericidal?A. AminoglycosidesB. CephalosporinsC. ChloramphenicolD. Vancomycin

A

Chloroquine, primaquine, and quinine are of value for the treatment ofA. urinary tract infections.B. cases of malaria.C. infections caused by bacteria of the intestinal tract.D. fungal diseases.

Use of antibiotics in animal feed leads to antibiotic- resistant bacteria becauseA. bacteria from other animals replace those killed by the antibiotics. B. the few surviving bacteria that are affected by the antibiotics develop immunity to the antibiotics, which they pass on to their progeny. C. the antibiotics cause new notations to occur in the surviving bacteria, which results in resistance to antibiotics.D. the antibiotics kill susceptible bacteria, but the few that are naturally resistant live and reproduce, and their progeny repopulate the host animal. E. the antibiotics persist in soil and water.

D

What is the alternative drug used in treating syphilis and gonorrhea infection in penicillin sensitive patient? A. chloramphenicolB. tetracyclineC. rifampinD. polymyxinsE. sulfa drugs.

A common feature of bacitracin and polymyxin B is that both antibioticsA. were discovered in the late 1800sB. are produced by Bacillus speciesC. contain a beta-latam ringD. inhibits cell wall biosynthesisE. are specific for Gram-negative bacteria.

Which antibiotic is not given to pregnant women because is stunts fetus bone growth? A. PenicillinB. ChloramphenicolC. StreptomycinD. Tetracycline

D

All the following apply to the tetracycline antibiotics exceptA. they are associated with discoloration of the teeth.B. they are used for rickettsial and chlamydial diseases.C. they are broad-spectrum antibiotics.D. they may cause aplastic anemia or the gray syndrome.