Neutrino Energy is the capacity of a physical system to do work via the utilization of the electrically neutral particle of negligible mass, refered to as Neutrinos. The small particles, which has no charge itself and is thought to have very little mass, is thought to be able to provide the fundamental quantity of a physical system to provide work a system could be made to do (especially in the amount of heat a system can produce or absorb). Other research has also been aimed at ultilizing nuetrinos as a prime mover for machines.

Description

Neutrinos are produced copiously by many of the reactions (such as those powering stars). The universe is filled with neutrinos, but they rarely collide with anything. Studies of neutrinos have found that they interact only very weakly with other matter.

The Super Kamiokande experiment provided a very high precision measurement of neutrino oscillations in an energy range of hundreds of MeV to a few TeV, and with a baseline of the radius of the Earth. Neutrinos beams produced at a particle accelerator offer the greatest control over the neutrinos being studied. Many experiments have taken place which study the same neutrino oscillations which take place in atmospheric neutrino oscillation, using neutrinos with a few GeV of energy and several hundred km baselines.

Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effect

The Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effect is a particle physics process which acts to enhance neutrino oscillations in matter. The presence of electrons in matter can act to change the energy levels of the propagation eigenstates of neutrinos due to coherent forward scattering. This means that neutrinos in matter have a different effective mass than neutrinos in vacuum, and since neutrino oscillations depend upon the squared mass difference of the neutrinos neutrino oscillations may be different in matter. The effect can be particularly dramatic at the very large electron densities found in the sun. As the density of solar material changes neutrinos can go through an MSW resonance, which can result in neutrinos leaving the sun in a vacuum propagation eigenstate.

The solar neutrino problem was solved when it was discovered that electron neutrinos produced in our sun change into the ?2 eigenstate. The size of the MSW resonance depends upon the kinetic energy of the neutrinos, and this explained why the Davis Experiment, gallium experiments, and Super-Kamiokande detected different electron neutrino fluxes. The MSW effect can also enhance neutrino flavor change in the Earth, and future neutrino CP violation experiments may make use of this property.

Energy orders of magnitudes

In comparison of different orders of magnitude of energies between 10-14 joules and 10-13 joules (62 keV to 620 keV).

10&minus21

4.37 × 10&minus21 J0.0273 eV

Average kinetic energy of a molecule at There was an error working with the wiki: Code[1]

1.602 × 10&minus19 J

1 There was an error working with the wiki: Code[6] (eV)

1.602 × 10&minus19 J

Average kinetic energy of a molecule at There was an error working with the wiki: Code[2]

2.7&ndash5.2&nbsp×&nbsp10&minus19&nbspJ

Range of energy of There was an error working with the wiki: Code[7]s of There was an error working with the wiki: Code[8]

10&minus18

5.0 × 10&minus18 J50 eV

upper bound of the There was an error working with the wiki: Code[3] of a Neutrino

10&minus15

5.0 × 10&minus14 J500,000 eV

Upper bound of There was an error working with the wiki: Code[4]

5.1 × 10&minus14 J510,000 eV

There was an error working with the wiki: Code[5]

1.602 ×10&minus13 J1,000,000 eV

1 There was an error working with the wiki: Code[9]

Accelerons

There was an error working with the wiki: Code[10]s are hypothetical subatomic particles postulated at the University of Washington to relate the newfound mass of the neutrino to the dark energy conjectured to be accelerating the expansion of the universe.

External artilces and references

There was an error working with the wiki: Code[1], Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation.