Public policy analysis sample essay

Friday, 27 March 2015.

The public rules concern the actions of the Government to address certain issues affecting members of the public. Various governmental organizations develop and implement public policies to address issues affecting the public. In addition, public administration determines the implementation of public policies. Thus, public policy is well established in public administration; the study of public administration provides information on the management of organizations, the analysis of public policies and the resolution of common problems. The public administration includes professional experts to develop sound policies that can help in the solution, mitigation or prevention of problems

Public administration requires skills such as budgeting, research and management, which are important in the implementation of public policies. The Administrator oversees the development and implementation of public policies. Public policy is only one of the various pillars of public administration. Other components include human resources, statistics and ethics. State administrators include legislators, mayors, civil servants and others. This is well on the agenda of public policy. For example, the mayor is looking for legislation on public policy and implementing it for the benefit of the general public

The first step towards reducing the public problem is the realization that the situation can be changed. While public management is different from public scrutiny, some public policy programmes have borrowed skills and expertise from both systems to improve decision-making and leadership. There is a need for good analysis before applying skills in the design and implementation of public policies. This will ensure the effective application of the policy (Egon, 1991). For example, poverty is a societal problem that is complex and runs counter to its causes, its eradication and measures. Thus, public policies that provide overall economic growth will be the ideal way to combat poverty

As a benchmark of public policy in addressing issues related to the public, practitioners fully support data collection, assessment of reports and complex problems. Public policy planners should have skills such as critical thinking, probl-solving and analysis (Dunn, 2012)

Political culture is defined as the attitude, ideas, feelings and values that people have for government, politics and their role in the political arena. It may also refer to the beliefs, behaviour, customs and characteristics of the political system. Political culture explains how people see the political systems around them. It goes beyond mere opinions and includes a way of life on the basis of political opinion, and also reflects what people are willing and able to integrate. It defines the general political point of view of the people and is usually permanent in nature. Political culture implies that people know their rights, duties and responsibilities, as well as expectations (Ethridge & Handleman, 2012). It should also be noted that political systems may vary from country to country and do not imply that people from the same community have similar views. Nevertheless, the approaches of these people to political issues in general are similar

Political socialization, on the other hand, refers to the process of developing political values, ideas, beliefs and opinions in each of the members of the society. In other conditions, it can be defined as a process of political culture development. It points out that people learn through social networks and interactions with each other. Compared to the political culture, which is usually applied, political socialization focuses on individuals. This involves education and interaction. It uses agents of socialization to influence the political culture of the people. The primary and secondary agents of this concept include the family and the media, respectively (Ethridge & Handelman, 2012)

Racial policy is defined as the use of race issues in advancing the political agenda. A nation that implements race policies is a political party that is representative of racial groups. In such a system, not all races are included in one of the parties. Malaysia, for example, practised racial politics for 51 years. Therefore, it is not easy to find a hero from Malaysia, because heroism is linked to a certain dissolution, such as the Malaysian Indian or Malaysian Chinese. In the United States, social divisions existed on racial lines. The nationality of the second class and the racial division, which govern African-Americans during the regime of the former federal governments, led to racism in various states (Kinder & Sanders, 1996)

On the contrary, institutional policy is a system of public administration that is balanced and does not limit the freedom of individual citizens and is based on the consent of the people involved in its development. It focuses on reducing the level of oppression of Governments against under-age members of society (Amenta, 2000). For example, institutional policy in the United States provides for the sharing of electricity between the national government and the states. Institutional policy is largely governed by the Constitution, which lays down rules and determines how the authorities should be distributed among political institutions

Grassroots Mobilization defines the process of promoting the political beliefs, ideas and values of the community (Hochsteller, 1993). This act continues to be relevant to the political side, as it helps to develop a more solid foundation for the issues to be heard by the legislators. Today, organizations, associations and politicians use grass-roots mobilization to influence public policies, and different groups influence the views of the broad masses regarding problems. The mobilization process usually takes advantage of several tactical strategies, such as press conferences or press releases. In addition, the increased use of social media, such as Facebook and Twitter, makes it cheaper, easier and faster to mobilize grass-roots mobilization

This is usually the case if the interests of those who refer to the law are different from those of the public. This makes the mobilization of the public critical to changing the opinion of the community towards a specific avenue (Schafft, 1999). For example, the public believes that crime is the first problem, followed by economic growth, followed by international issues. On the other hand, the first problem, followed by environmental protection, could be the first problem. Even though grass-roots mobilization has significantly changed the way we communicate, it remains focused on the same issues as many years ago