Carvalho has been ordered to pay a fine of €142,822 (£128,000) after the public prosecutor’s office requested the defender’s penalty to be 12 months in prison as well as a €300,000 (£269,000) fine.

But the Spanish court considered that request to be ‘disproportionate’, acknowledging that Carvalho had admitted to the offences and returned the amount he is alleged to have hidden, which is around €545,981 (£488,500).