The .500 S&W Special is a large high-powered revolver cartridge. It was designed and produced by Cor-Bon/Glaser (at Smith & Wesson’s request) in 2004.[2] It is a shorter version of the .500 S&W Magnum with a drastically reduced load, much as the .38 Special is to the .357 Magnum. However, unlike the .38 Special and .357 Magnum, the .500 Special came after the .500 Magnum.

The purpose of the .500 Special is to be able to shoot less punishing loads, with a muzzle energy closer to that of the .44 Magnum cartridge, in firearms chambered for the .500 S&W Magnum. It is possible that firearms chambered for the .500 S&W Special only will be developed.[3] Smith & Wesson has been urged by John Ross to produce their largest "X-Frame" in a shorter version to handle this cartridge.[4] Ballistics are slightly superior to the .480 Ruger.[3]

1.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci

2.
Glaser Safety Slug
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Glaser Safety Slug is a frangible bullet made by Cor-Bon/Glaser, a subsidiary of Dakota Ammo, an American ammunition company based in Sturgis, South Dakota. The Glaser Safety Slug was developed by Jack Canon in 1975, the original round was a hand-made hollow point bullet filled with No.12 birdshot with a flat polymer cap. To improve ballistic performance, a round ball was introduced in 1987. The formulation of the polymer was also changed in 1994 to improve fragmentation reliability, the company produces bullets in calibers from.25 to.45 for pistols and from.223 to. 30-06 for rifles. Each caliber comes in two forms, blue and silver, the latter having greater penetrating power due to the use of no.6 birdshot rather than no.12. The projectile in the cartridge is of a lighter weight than more conventional types of cartridges. The current bullet has a core of very tightly packed lead pellets, on impact, the bullet fractures along manufactured stress lines in the jacket—imparting all the bullets energy very quickly rather than over-penetrating a target or ricocheting on a miss. The extreme light weight and fragility of the make it unsuitable for long range firing or against protected targets. The bullet design can produce large shallow wounds in flesh while failing to pass through structural barriers thicker than drywall or sheet metal and these qualities make it less likely to strike unintended targets, such as people in another room during an indoor shooting. Also, when it strikes a surface from which a solid bullet would glance off, it fragments into tiny. The United States Federal Air Marshal Service tested and used the Glaser Safety Slug extensively in the 1970s and 80s on board commercial passenger aircraft to defend against hijackers. Air Marshals are now issued SIG Sauer P229 pistols with a 12-round capacity firing conventional-jacketed hollow point ammunition in.357 SIG caliber

3.
Cartridge (firearms)
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Military and commercial producers continue to pursue the goal of caseless ammunition. A cartridge without a bullet is called a blank, One that is completely inert is called a dummy. Some artillery ammunition uses the same concept as found in small arms. In other cases, the shell is separate from the propellant charge. In popular use, the bullet is often misused to refer to a complete cartridge. The cartridge case seals a firing chamber in all directions excepting the bore, a firing pin strikes the primer and ignites it. The primer compound deflagrates, it does not detonate, a jet of burning gas from the primer ignites the propellant. Gases from the burning powder pressurize and expand the case to seal it against the chamber wall and these propellant gases push on the bullet base. In response to pressure, the bullet will move in the path of least resistance which is down the bore of the barrel. After the bullet leaves the barrel, the pressure drops to atmospheric pressure. The case, which had been expanded by chamber pressure. This eases removal of the case from the chamber, brass is a commonly used case material because it is resistant to corrosion. A brass case head can be work-hardened to withstand the pressures of cartridges. The neck and body portion of a case is easily annealed to make the case ductile enough to allow reforming so that it can be reloaded many times. Steel is used in some plinking ammunition, as well as in military ammunition. Steel is less expensive than brass, but it is not feasible to reload, Military forces typically consider small arms cartridge cases to be disposable, one-time-use devices. However, case weight affects how much ammunition a soldier can carry, conversely, steel is more susceptible to contamination and damage so all such cases are varnished or otherwise sealed against the elements. One downside caused by the strength of steel in the neck of these cases is that propellant gas can blow back past the neck

4.
Cartridge (weaponry)
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Military and commercial producers continue to pursue the goal of caseless ammunition. A cartridge without a bullet is called a blank, One that is completely inert is called a dummy. Some artillery ammunition uses the same concept as found in small arms. In other cases, the shell is separate from the propellant charge. In popular use, the bullet is often misused to refer to a complete cartridge. The cartridge case seals a firing chamber in all directions excepting the bore, a firing pin strikes the primer and ignites it. The primer compound deflagrates, it does not detonate, a jet of burning gas from the primer ignites the propellant. Gases from the burning powder pressurize and expand the case to seal it against the chamber wall and these propellant gases push on the bullet base. In response to pressure, the bullet will move in the path of least resistance which is down the bore of the barrel. After the bullet leaves the barrel, the pressure drops to atmospheric pressure. The case, which had been expanded by chamber pressure. This eases removal of the case from the chamber, brass is a commonly used case material because it is resistant to corrosion. A brass case head can be work-hardened to withstand the pressures of cartridges. The neck and body portion of a case is easily annealed to make the case ductile enough to allow reforming so that it can be reloaded many times. Steel is used in some plinking ammunition, as well as in military ammunition. Steel is less expensive than brass, but it is not feasible to reload, Military forces typically consider small arms cartridge cases to be disposable, one-time-use devices. However, case weight affects how much ammunition a soldier can carry, conversely, steel is more susceptible to contamination and damage so all such cases are varnished or otherwise sealed against the elements. One downside caused by the strength of steel in the neck of these cases is that propellant gas can blow back past the neck

5.
.500 S&W Magnum
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Its primary design purpose was as a hunting handgun cartridge capable of taking all North American game species. Smith & Wesson had been at the forefront when developing powerful handgun cartridges such as the.357 S&W Magnum, however, since 1960 the company’s.44 Remington Magnum, which it had developed in partnership with Remington, was eclipsed by the.454 Casull. Since then, several other more powerful cartridges had been developed by Action Arms, Linebaugh, Ruger, Wildey, and Winchester for repeating handguns. In 1971 Smith & Wesson had experienced a surge in orders for their Model 29 revolver in the.44 Magnum cartridge with which S&W production was not able to keep up. Available Model 29 revolvers were being sold for two to three times the retail price, due to the low supply and high demand for the revolver. This surge in demand was due to the Dirty Harry movie, with the entry of the.500 S&W Magnum and the Model 500 revolver, Smith & Wesson recaptured the title of the most powerful handgun, and with it an increase in sales. The.500 Smith & Wesson Magnum was designed from the outset to be the most powerful production handgun cartridge, S&W product manager Herb Belin proposed the idea of developing the revolver and cartridge to the S&W sales team. With the backing of the team, the project was approved by S&W President Bob Scott. The ammunition would be developed by Cor-Bon and Peter Pi in partnership with the S&W X-Gun engineering team of Brett Curry Lead Design Engineer, Rich Mikuta, and Tom Oakley. Eleven months later on January 9,2003, the team unveiled the S&W Model 500 revolver, according to Belin, the cartridge was designed from its inception to be substantially more powerful than any other production handgun cartridge before it. Cor-Bon would later go on to develop the.500 S&W Special cartridge, the.500 S&W Magnum is a semi-rimmed, straight cartridge optimized for use in revolvers. The cartridge is designed to headspace on its rim, the.500 S&W Magnum was designed to fire a bullet with a diameter of.500 in unlike the.500 Linebaugh, which fires a.510 in bullet. SAAMI compliant.500 S&W Magnum cartridge schematic, All dimensions in inches, the.500 S&W Magnum has a maximum working pressure of 60,000 psi. However, most factory ammunition is limited to 50,000 psi to help ease extraction of fired cases, the cylinders of the S&W Model 500 revolver are engineered to be capable of withstanding 50% over pressure. Regular proof-load testing is performed at 20% over pressure, cylinder bore ∅ is given as.500 in. SAAMI recommends a 6 groove barrel with each groove being.130 in wide, a barrel with a bore ∅ of.4880 in and a groove ∅ of.4983 in is also recommended. The recommended twist rate is 1 in 18.75 in, while the overall length is given as 2.300 inches by many sources, some revolvers will not be able to accept cartridges with bullets seated to this overall length. This is because the cylinders of the revolvers are too short to accommodate such cartridges, the now-discontinued Taurus Raging Bull 500 is an example of one such revolver

6.
.38 Special
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The.38 Smith & Wesson Special is a rimmed, centerfire cartridge designed by Smith & Wesson. It is most commonly used in revolvers, although some semi-automatic pistols, in other parts of the world, it is known by its metric designation of 9×29. 5mmR or 9. 1×29mmR. Noted for its accuracy and manageable recoil, the.38 Special remains the most popular cartridge in the world more than a century after its introduction. It is used for shooting, formal target competition, personal defense. Despite its name, the caliber of the.38 Special cartridge is actually. 357–.358 inches, except for case length, the.38 Special is identical to the.38 Short Colt.38 Long Colt, and.357 Magnum. This allows the.38 Special round to be fired in revolvers chambered for the.357 Magnum. Upon its introduction, the.38 Special was originally loaded with black powder and this.38 Special variant incorporated a 200 grains round-nosed lead Lubaloy bullet, the.38 Super Police. Remington-Peters also introduced a similar loading, testing revealed that the longer, heavier 200 grains. 357-calibre bullet fired at low velocity tended to keyhole or tumble upon impact, providing more shock effect against unprotected personnel. This cartridge was called the.38 S&W Super Police or the. 38/200, britain would later adopt the. 38/200 as its standard military handgun cartridge. In 1930, Smith & Wesson introduced a large frame.38 Special revolver with a 5-inch barrel and fixed sights intended for police use, the following year, a new high-power loading called the. That same year, Colt Firearms announced that their Colt Official Police would also handle high-speed.38 Special loadings, the. 38/44 high-speed cartridge came in three bullet weights,158 grains,150 and 110 grains, with either coated lead or steel jacket, metal-piercing bullets. The media attention gathered by the. 38/44 and its ammunition eventually led Smith & Wesson to develop a new cartridge with a longer case length in 1934—this was the.357 Magnum. During World War II, some U. S. aircrew were issued.38 Special S&W Victory revolvers as sidearms in the event of a forced landing, the new military.38 Special loading propelled its 158 grains bullet at a standard 850 ft/s from a 4-inch revolver barrel. During the war, many U. S. naval and marine aircrew were also issued red-tipped.38 Special tracer rounds using either a 120 or 158 gr bullet for emergency signaling purposes. In 1956, the U. S. Air Force adopted the Cartridge, Caliber.38, Ball M41, a military variant of the.38 Special cartridge designed to conform to the rules of land warfare. By 1961, a slightly revised M41.38 cartridge specification known as the Cartridge, Caliber.38 Ball, Special, a variant of the standard M41 cartridge with a semi-pointed, unjacketed lead bullet was later adopted for CONUS police and security personnel. At the same time.38 tracer cartridges were reintroduced by the US Navy, Marines, tracer cartridges in.38 Special caliber of different colors were issued, generally as part of a standard aircrew survival vest kit. A request for more powerful.38 Special ammunition for use by Air Police and security personnel resulted in the Caliber.38 Special, Ball, in 1972, the Federal Bureau of Investigation introduced a new.38 +P loading that became known as the FBI Load

7.
.357 Magnum
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The.357 S&W Magnum, or simply.357 Magnum, is a revolver cartridge with a. 357-inch bullet diameter. It was created by Elmer Keith, Phillip B, Wesson of firearms manufacturers Smith & Wesson and Winchester. It is based upon Smith & Wessons earlier.38 Special cartridge, the.357 Magnum cartridge was introduced in 1934, and its use has since become widespread. This cartridge started the Magnum era of handgun ammunition, the.357 Magnum cartridge is notable for its stopping power. The.357 Magnum was collaboratively developed over a period in the early to mid-1930s by a group of individuals in a response to Colts.38 Super Automatic. Tests at the revealed that those vests defeated any handgun cartridge traveling at less than about 1,000 feet per second. Colts.38 Super Automatic just edged over that velocity and was able to penetrate car doors and vests that bootleggers and gangsters were employing as cover. Though.38 and.357 would seem to be different diameter chamberings, they are in fact identical, the.38 Special nomenclature relates to the previous use of heeled bullets, which were the same diameter as the case. Thus, the only difference in the two cartridges is a slight difference in length, solely for safety purposes. Much credit for the. 357s early development is given to hunter and experimenter Elmer Keith, the. 38-44 HV load used the. 38-Special cartridge loaded to a much higher velocity than standard. 38-Special ammunition. The. 38-44 revolvers were made by using a.44 Special size gun with the barrel bored to accept. 357-caliber bullets, since the frame, cylinder, and barrel were much stronger than the standard.38 Special components, it was capable of withstanding much higher pressures. The. 38-44 HV round, while no longer available, was in most cases the equal of the later.357 Magnum, which works at more than double the pressure of standard.38 Special. Elmer Keith also contributed the Keith-style bullet, which increased the mass of bullet located outside the cartridge, the Keith bullet also employed a large, flat meplat, thus enabling rapid energy transfer for greater wounding properties. At the same time, this design does not deform like a hollow point. These characteristics of the Keith bullet make it suitable for hunting applications as well as for target shooting. In order to reassert itself as the leading law-enforcement armament provider, Smith & Wesson developed the.357 Magnum, Wesson leading the effort within Smith & Wesson, along with considerable technical assistance from Phillip B. Sharpe, a member of the Technical Division staff of the National Rifle Association, the new round was developed from Smith & Wessons existing.38 Special round. It used a different powder load, and ultimately the case was extended by 1⁄8 inch, the case extension was more a matter of safety than of necessity

8.
.44 Magnum
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The.44 Remington Magnum, or simply.44 Magnum, and frequently.44 Mag, is a large-bore cartridge originally designed for revolvers. After its introduction, it was adopted for carbines and rifles. Despite the.44 designation, guns chambered for the.44 Magnum round, and its parent, the.44 Magnum is based on a lengthened.44 Special case, loaded to higher pressures for greater velocity. The.44 Magnum cartridge was the end result of years of tuned handloading of the.44 Special, the.44 Special, and other large-bore handgun cartridges, were being loaded with heavy bullets, pushed at higher than normal velocities for better hunting performance. One of these handloaders was Elmer Keith, a writer and outdoorsman of the 20th century, Elmer Keith settled on the.44 Special cartridge as the basis for his experimentation, rather than the larger.45 Colt. At the time, the selection of.44 caliber projectiles for handloaders was more varied, also, the.44 Special case was smaller in diameter than the.45 Colt case. In revolvers of the cylinder size, this meant the.44 caliber revolvers had thicker. This allowed higher pressures to be used with less risk of a burst cylinder, Keith encouraged Smith & Wesson and Remington to produce a commercial version of this new high-pressure loading, and revolvers chambered for it. Smith & Wessons first.44 Magnum revolver, the Model 29, was built on December 15,1955, julian Hatcher, and Elmer Keith received two of the first production models. Hatchers review of the new Smith & Wesson revolver and the.44 Magnum cartridge appeared in the March,1956 issue of the magazine, Smith & Wesson produced 3,100 of these revolvers in 1956. By the summer of 1956, Sturm, Ruger became aware of this project, Ruger began shipping their new revolver in late November,1956. The film Dirty Harry, prominently featuring the S&W M29, contributed to that models popularity, Ruger introduced its first long gun, a semi-automatic carbine called the Ruger Model 44 chambered for.44 Magnum, in 1959. Marlin followed soon after with a lever action Model 1894 in.44 Magnum, the. 38-40 Winchester and. 32-20 Winchester were also available in both carbines and revolvers, allowing the shooter to use one type of ammunition for both firearms. In 2006, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the.44 Magnum, Ruger introduced a special 50th anniversary Blackhawk revolver, the.44 Magnum delivers a large, heavy bullet with high velocity for a handgun. In its full-powered form, it produces so much recoil and muzzle blast that it is considered to be unsuitable for use as a police weapon. Rapid fire is difficult and strenuous on the hands, especially for shooters of smaller build or with small hands. Although marketed as a.44 caliber, the.44 Magnum, the.44 designation is a carryover from the early measurements of heeled bullets, used in the later 19th century. In those times, bullets were measured on the outside of the cartridge, not the inside of the cartridge

9.
John Ross (author)
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Unintended Consequences is a controversial novel that mixes real events with fiction. The cover of the shows a woman dressed as Lady Justice being menaced by a heavily armed agent of the ATF, it contains several scenes of graphic sex. The book has been confiscated in Canada by customs officials. The publisher no longer ships copies of the book to Canada as a result, lacking any advertising or promotion in the mainstream book industry, the novel has remained a top seller on Amazon. com since it came out in 1996. Its sales largely have been either at gun shows or through online retailers such as Amazon. com. It has sold briskly at gun shows but is not sold at traditional bookstores. In 2007, Ross designed a version of the S&W.500 Magnum revolver so as to make it suitable to his needs. It is a lighter than the standard version and produces even more power due to tighter barrel/cylinder tolerances. It produces more power per pound of gun weight than any repeating handgun ever made, Ross is the grandson of Charles Ross, who was the Sixth White House Press Secretary, serving under President Harry Truman. Ross supported a Concealed Carry law passed in Missouri in 2003 and he received 28. 3% of the vote, losing to Republican incumbent James Talent. In 2000, Ross appeared under his own name in the independent film Defiance, in October 2000, he had a stroke and was incapacitated for a few weeks. Ross wrote a semi-regular Internet column called Ross In Range, where he discussed topics that interest him, a recurring theme is understanding and coping with women. Personal website John Ross ending one of his Concealed Carry classes with a Machine Gun demonstration

10.
.480 Ruger
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The.480 Ruger is a large, high-power revolver cartridge, introduced in 2003 by Sturm, Ruger and Hornady. This was the first new cartridge introduced by Ruger, and was at time of introduction the largest-diameter production revolver cartridge, the.475 Linebaugh was introduced around 1988 as a custom, 5-shot Ruger Blackhawk single-action revolver. The.475 is a wildcat cartridge made by cutting the. 45-70 case to a length of 1.4 inches, the.475 Linebaugh is an immensely powerful cartridge, almost as powerful as the.454 Casull, the most powerful production revolver cartridge at the time. When Ruger began to design their new cartridge, they started with the.475 Linebaugh super-magnum cartridge, rather than using the Blackhawk, Ruger chose to chamber the new round in the double-action Super Redhawk, and designed the cartridge to fit in a 6-shot cylinder. The Super Redhawk was already the only 6-shot.454 Casull revolver in production, the.480 case was also.21 inches shorter than the.475 Linebaugh, at 1.285 inches, the same as the.44 Magnum. The. 45-70s large diameter rim is turned down, which is required to fit the 6 cartridges in the Super Redhawks cylinder without interference. The.480 Ruger is often viewed by some as a.475 Special, in other words, as a slightly downgraded version of the super-magnum cartridge. In fact.480 Ruger rounds will fit and function in a.475 Linebaugh revolver, just as a.44 Special will fit and function in revolvers chambered for the.44 Magnum. The.480 Ruger operates at a pressure of 48,000 psi, whereas the Linebaugh has a maximum pressure of 50,000. Depending on load, the.480 Ruger can easily reach within 150 ft/s of the.475 Linebaugh, making it a very formidable hunting cartridge for large and dangerous game. Indeed, the first factory load, a 325-grain bullet at 1,350 ft/s, is nearly within reach of the.44 Magnum, however, with bullets of 400 grains and higher, the.480 Ruger starts to show more potential. The standard.44 Magnum powders, in amounts, will push a 400-grain bullet at over 1300 ft/s. This provides 1,500 ft·lbf. of muzzle energy, about 50% more than commercial.44 Magnum loads, the lower velocities and lower pressures mean the.480 Ruger has less felt recoil and muzzle blast than the higher pressure super-magnums. The.480 is a cartridge, providing a lot of energy without the recoil of larger hard-kicking rounds. It has been stated by many gun writers that the.44 Magnum is typically the most powerful handgun an average person can master. The.480 should be able to take that title, as its original Hornady loading of a 325 gr JHP, easily surpasses factory loadings for the.44 Magnum, the future of this round remains cloudy. Magazine articles and online forums were, for a brief while, however, lackluster sales and a limited number of firearms available in this caliber have shown it to have only moderate popularity. Much of this may be due to the somewhat lackluster ballistics available from the initial Hornady factory offerings, still, for the most part, the round was seen as not doing anything new, and available loads limited its potential for the non-handloader to mere deer hunting

11.
Outdoor Life
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Outdoor Life is an outdoors magazine about camping, fishing, hunting, and survival. It is a magazine of Field & Stream. Together with Sports Afield, they are considered the Big Three of American outdoor publishing by Money, Outdoor Life was launched in Denver, Colorado in January 1898. McGuire, intended Outdoor Life to be a magazine for sportsmen, written by sportsmen, the first issue covered topics including a moose hunt in Alaska and advice about Native Americans. Some of the sections were titled, Photography, Trap and Target. Outdoor Life was an innovative publication, in 1903, the first photograph was printed on the cover in black and white. A short time later, in 1906, the first color cover appeared on the magazine, in 1934, Outdoor Life moved from its original location in Denver to New York City, where it remains today. For many years, Outdoor Life was owned by the Popular Science Publishing Company, Time Inc. bought the Times Mirror magazines in 2001. In 2007, Time Warner sold Outdoor Life and several publications to Bonnier Corporation. Outdoor Lifes editorial coverage followed its audiences interests in new developments, such as aviation, boating, however, it stayed true to its original focus, the outdoorsman. Other famous contributors include Amelia Earhart, Clark Gable, and Babe Ruth, the Outdoor Life Network name was retained on the Canadian version of the channel. The Outdoor Life Conservation Award was first given in 1923 to those who “accomplish the greatest good for the cause in the United States. McGuire, Jimmy Carter is the most famous recipient, there is also an Outdoor Life Conservation Pledge. Established in 1946 and then revised in 1993, it has taken by thousands of people including Harry Truman and Al Gore. The pledge reads, “I pledge to protect and conserve the resources of America. I promise to educate future generations so they may become caretakers of our water, air, land and wildlife. ”In 2004, the editorial content of the magazine has been critical of PETA and other animal rights groups, and anti-hunting groups. Official website AliveOutdoor Corey Ford Outside

12.
Ammunition
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Ammunition is the general term used for the material fired, scattered, dropped or detonated from any weapon. The term ammunition can be traced back to the mid 17th century, broadly speaking, ammunition refers to both expendable weapons and the component parts of other weapons that create the effect on a target. Nearly all weapons will require some form of ammunition to operate, the word comes from the French la munition, which refers to the material used for war. The terms ammunition and munitions are used interchangeably, although the term munition now usually refers to both the actual weapons system alongside the ammunition required to operate it. The purpose of ammunition is to project a force against a target to have an effect. The most iconic example of ammunition is the cartridge, which all components required to deliver the weapon effect in a single package. Ammunition comes in a range of sizes and types and is often designed to work only in specific weapons systems. However, there are internationally recognized standards for certain types that enable their use across different weapons. There are also types of ammunition that are designed to have a specialized effect on a target, such as armor-piercing shells and tracer ammunition. Ammunition is commonly colored in a manner to assist in the identification. A round is a cartridge containing a projectile, propellant, primer. A shell is a form of ammunition that is fired by a large cannon or artillery piece. Before the mid-19th century, these shells were made of solid materials. However, since that time, they are often filled with high-explosives. A shot refers to a release of a weapons system. This may involve firing just one round or piece of ammunition, a dud refers to loaded ammunition that fails to function as intended, typically failing to detonate on landing. However, it can refer to ammunition that fails to fire inside the weapon, known as a misfire, or when the ammunition only partially functions. Dud ammunition, which is classified as an ordnance, is regarded as highly dangerous

A cartridge is a type of firearm ammunition packaging a projectile (bullet, shots or slug), a propellant substance …

A modern cartridge consists of the following: 1. the bullet, as the projectile; 2. the case, which holds all parts together; 3. the propellant, for example gunpowder or cordite; 4. the rim, which provides the extractor on the firearm a place to grip the casing to remove it from the chamber once fired; 5. the primer, which ignites the propellant.