Category Archive for: Propaganda

Once propaganda produces any effects it tends to evoke opposition. Opponents may try to offset it directly or to invoke community sanctions to bring it under control. Therefore, the propagandist has to estimate his. opponents’ values and the steps opponents most probably will take. In different sorts of policies along the continuum from the democrat.ic to…

Since propaganda deals by definition with controversial matters, its ultimate audiences, whether reached by direct or indirect media, can be ranged into three groups: (1)those who are initially predisposed to react as the propagandist wishes, (2) those who are neutral or indifferent, and (3) those who are antagonistic. It is advisable in many cases to…

The propagandist aware of the findings of the behavioral sciences no longer has 81 much. confidence 81 his counterparts from the late eighteenth to the early twentieth century had in the ability of rational arguments or even of catchy slogans to influence human behaviour. The evolution of psychoanalysis, clinical psychology, and experimental research on communication…

Confronted by the highly unstable global context in which he must operate, the sophisticated propaganda analyst employing present-day behavioral theory tends to formulate his problem as including at least 11 sets of factors. He asks: (1) To what ends (Le., to bring about what distributions of values), in (2) the present and expected states of…

Propaganda is the relatively deliberate manipulation, by means of symbols (words, gestures, flags, images, monuments, music, etc.), of other people’s thoughts or actions with respect to beliefs, values, and behaviours which these people (“reactors”) regard as controversial. The elements of deliberateness and manipulativeness distinguish propaganda from merely casual communication or the “free” exchange of ideas.…