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See the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. It's pretty simple -- you sort your data to get an array containing the population CDF, and compute the ideal CDF for a normal distribution with the population mean + standard deviation. Then iterate over the array and calculate the maximum deviation between the population CDF and the ideal CDF. Then plug it into the K-S distribution for a given degree of confidence.

All but the last part is trivial to implement in either language -- in Java here's one class to do that from Apache Commons.