( mass of each atom X how many the atoms there are) > then add the results together

how to go from moles to grams

how many moles are given X molar mass of the substance

formula for percentage of mass of water in a salt

(grams of water X 100)/hydrate: (grams of water + grams of salt)

slide solubility rules is on

16

ionic equation

shows the species as free ions

net ionic equation

shows only the species that actually take part in the reaction

what state of matter is the precipitate

solid (s)

steps to write net ionic equation

write the balanced molecular equation, refer to solubility table to decide which of the products is insoluble and thus will appear as a precipitate, write the ionic equation showing the strong electrolytes completely dissociated into cations and anions, cancel the spectator ions on both sides of the ionic equation, check that charges and number of atoms are balanced in the net ionic equation

what will the product of reaction ab+cd look like

ad+cb

what is the name of the salt we put on our fries

NACL

what is a salt usually made up of

a nonmetal and a metal whose charges add up to zero

examples of liquids at standard temperature and pressure

Br, H2O, Hg

examples of gases at standard temperature and pressure

NH3, CH4, CO, CO2, SO2, SO3, NO, NO2 and N2O5

what is standard temperature and pressure

25OC & 101.3 kPa

Halogens from top to bottom

F, Cl, Br, I, At

halogen rules for single displacement

only the halogen above can displace a halogen. halogens cannot be displaced by halogens below them on the periodic table

what does a list called the activity series do

does the same thing the periodic table does for halogens: it lists the elements that will replace elements below them in single-replacement

Activity Series for Cation Replacement in Single-Replacement Reactions

when a problem is asking for concentration of a solution, what is it asking for

M

n

M x v 8:02

formula to use when finding m of a diluted solution

M1V1 equals M2V2

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-4E6rOkiw2I

26:46

charge of sulfate (SO4)

-2

units for molecular weight (MW)

g/mol

M

n/V

V

n/M

when using m1v1 equation what has to be volume

liters not ml

Gravimetric Analysis

an analytical technique based on the measurement of mass

steps of gravimetric analysis

Dissolve unknown substance in water, React unknown with known substance to form a precipitate, Filter and dry precipitate, Weigh precipitate, Use chemical formula and mass of precipitate to determine amount of unknown ion

what occurs In a titration

a solution of accurately known concentration is added gradually to another solution of unknown concentration until the chemical reaction between the two solutions is complete