Of the two values of the exponent field that lie outside of the range
of normal encodings, the upper extreme
is reserved for the
encoding of infinities and other non-numerical entities, which will
not be discussed here, while an exponent field of 0 is used to encode
numerical values that lie below the normal range.

If the exponent and significand fields of an encoding with respect to a format with implicit MSB are
both 0, with exponent field 0, then the encoded value itself
is 0. If the exponent field is 0 and the significand field is not, then
if the significand field is also 0, then the encoded value itself
the encoding is said to be denormal.