The former Trope Namer is "God Save the King/God Save the Queen," sung in America as "My Country, 'Tis of Thee" and in Imperial Germany as "Heil dir im Siegerskranz."

Even funnier, one of the first Russian national anthems was this British anthem with new lyrics in Russian. But soon the British Empire became the rival to the Russian Empire, and Russians wrote their own anthem with their own tune ("Spasi bozhe tsarya khrani"), that survived until the revolution. It is in most American hymnals as "God, the Omnipotent, King Who Ordainest."

And after the revolution, things got even funnier. The Soviet anthem "Soyuz Nerushimy" (The Unbreakable Union) was originally, before WWII, an anthem of the Communist Party, with different lyrics. After Stalin died, the lyrics were at first totally removed under Khrushchev, and under Brezhnev the anthem received new lyrics, particularly changing the second stanza that hailed Stalin, and totally removed the third stanza that emphasized the military. And the current Russian anthem is basically Soyuz Nerushimy with lyrics changed once more again, now removing all references to Lenin and communism and replacing them with your garden variety patriotic lyrics.

Possibly Older Than They Think: the initial version of the theme was allegedly written by Jean-Baptiste Lully for the King of France Louis XIV, then plagiarised by Händel, who sold it to the British crown.

The national anthem of Liechtenstein is sung to the same tune. Hilarity Ensues when England play Liechtenstein in football.

And somehow somewhere in the mists of time since Lully and Händel, the tune entered Swedish folk music, where the key was changed to minor (Swedish folk music is nearly always in minor key). So in Sweden, it's a sad little song on how it's actually better to be abandoned than to be locked in a marriage with someone who doesn't love you, even if both of them suck.

The temporary Soviet anthem and worldwide Communist song "The Internationale" was originally sung to "The Marseillaise".

Communists in several Latin-American countries still sing it that way.

The modern version doesn't sound much like a drinking song because John Philips Sousa altered the tempo to make it sound more dignified. Modern people familiar with the Sousa arrangement might be quite surprised by earlier, jauntier versions.

The first Korean national anthem was originally a traditional Korean poem sung to the tune of Auld Lang Syne.

O Canada, the Canadian national anthem, was originally a patriotic French-Canadian poem set to music for a Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day ceremony. The English lyrics were written much later and do not constitute a literal translation. (Ironically, this is now the one song you are probably least likely to hear in Québec on Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day, due to that holiday's strong association with the sovereignist movement.)

Germany's national anthem uses a tune that was originally written by Joseph Haydn for Francis II of the Holy Roman Empire. The tune is also used for several hymns. Most Americans probably associate the song exclusively with World War II, but it's Older Than They Think.

The University of Texas' school song, "The Eyes of Texas", is set to "I've Been Working on the Railroad".

The Alma Mater Song of Yale is a taken from German patriotic hymn "The Watch on the Rhine", best known in America for its appearance in the "Marseillaise" scene in Casablanca.

"Turkey in the Straw" (verse), and "Do Your Ears Hang Low". Also the Doughnut Shop song. And the Animaniacs state capitals song. One of the earliest incarnations of this tune was the minstrel song "Zip Coon."

"Johnny Comes Marching Home", "The Ants Came Marching" and "Ghost Riders in the Sky" all were based on the Irish ballad Johnny I Hardly Knew Ye

The satirical Taisho-era Japanese song "Tokyo Bushi" (often called "Pai-no-pai-no-pai" for its nonsensical chorus) took its melody from an American Civil War marching song, "Marching Through Georgia".

"Marching Through Georgia" itself had new lyrics set to the tune of the chorus called "Hooray, They're Hanging Father."

"This Little Light of Mine", and "Worried Man Blues".

Patsy Gallant gave us "From L.A. to New York", to the tune of Québecois folk song "Mon pays". The English lyrics (written by Gene Williams) are nothing at all like the French lyrics, and the original author (Gilles Vigneault) has disowned the English version. (to be fair, Mlle. Gallant also recorded the French version in the same disco style)

The martial, patriotic marching song "The British Grenadiers" is to the tune of a seventeenth-century comic song called "The New Bath".

"I Saw Three Ships" and "Here We Go Round the Mulberry Bush".

"For He's A Jolly Good Fellow" AKA "The Bear Went Over The Mountain" AKA "We Won't Get Home Until Morning" is known in French as "Marlborough s'en va en guerre."

Baracuda did this with using the tune from Amaranth by Nightwish, and the lyrics to "Where Is the Love?" by Alice Cooper. This can be seen here.

"Frère Jacques", "Where is Thumbkin",, the Chinese children's song "Liang Ji Lao Hu" ("Two Tigers"), and Binky the Clown's birthday song from Garfield and Friends.

The United States Marines' Hymn is to the tune of the Gendarmes' Duet from Geneviève de Brabant by Jacques Offenbach.

The American song "Shady Grove" uses the melody of an English song known as "Matty Groves".

The Irish ballad "Star of the County Down" has inspired a fair number of different songs, from "The Fighting 69th" (a ballad about the Irish that fought in the American Civil War) to "The Canticle of the Turning".

"Little Bunny Foo-Foo" and "Down by the Station".

"John Brown's Body" and "The Battle Hymn of the Republic". This was intentional; "John Brown's Body," an anonymous song set to a relatively new tune shortly after Brown's execution in 1859 was an abolitionist anthem—and, once the Civil War started, a Northern one, as well (at least, for those parts of the North, like New England and Pennsylvania, where abolitionism had a strong hold). However, many on the Northern side felt that "John Brown's Body" was lacking in literary merit and that it was perhaps a little too topical. Julia Ward Howe, author of was one of these Northerners, and (although she said the inspiration came in a dream) "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" was the result.

Also sung to this tune is the American World War IIparatrooper song "Blood Upon the Risers", a black-comedic ballad about a rookie paratrooper who forgot to properly pack his reserve chute and ended up splattered on the ground. The chorus caps it:

Gory, gory, what a helluva way to die,

Gory, gory, what a helluva way to die,

Gory, gory, what a helluva way to die,

He ain't gonna jump no more!

The really weird thing is the kids' song about bananas, coconuts, and grapes being sung to this tune.

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