Call: Past,
present and future of differentiation in European governance

Description of programme"Europe in a changing world - Inclusive, innovative
and reflective societies"

This subprogramme will address social exclusion, discriminations and various forms
of inequalities. It will explore new forms of innovation and strengthen the evidence base for the Innovation Union, the European
Research Area and other relevant EU policies. It will promote coherent and effective cooperation with third countries. Finally,
it will address the issues of memories, identities, tolerance and cultural heritage. The approach adopted in the present calls
is in line with the Horizon 2020 Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) cross-cutting issue, engaging multiple actors including
society, integrating the gender and ethical dimensions, ensuring the access to research outcomes. Some Topics deal specifically
with formal and informal (science) education.

Description of call"Past,
present and future of differentiation in European governance "

Recent challenges faced
by the EU raise the question of whether Member States will continue on the same integrationist track. Differentiation, which
has been core to the constitutional architecture of the EU, has gained prominence in the light of recent manifestations of
centrifugal forces.Research and Innovation Action proposals should analyse the causes and effects of differentiated
integration and under what conditions it facilitates policy-making, problem solving and policy implementation.