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The Effect of Dental Implant Length and Diameter on the Stress Distribution at the Implant-Bone Interface of the Immediate Loading Implants: A 3/D Finite Element Analysis

Abstract

Aims: to evaluate the effect of implant length and diameter on the values and distribution of stresses of immediate loading implants by using three-dimensional (3D) finite elements (FE) analysis. Materials and Method: A 3-D FE model of an implant embedded in a block of bone was used in this study. The implant was LEADER/ ITALIA-Fix type which is specially designed for immediate loading. ANSYS V.12 program was used to build solid model of the implant and bone, and performing the finite element analysis. Two lengths of implant were used (11mm. and 13mm)., and two diameters (3.75mm. and 4.25mm.). Results: The results showed that the areas of maximum stress of all lengths and diameters are located at the neck of implants, the increase in the implant length from 11mm. to 13mm. leading to slightly increase in the stress at the implant-bone interface, while the increase in the diameter from 3.75mm. to 4.25mm. having no significant effect in increasing the value of stresses around dental im-plants. Conclusions: The increase in the implant length is negatively affect on stress values, but it leads to better dissipation of stresses around dental implant. The increase in the diameter having no obvious effect on stress values. However, it reduce the area of maximum stress at the implant neck