Al-Hakim Mosque
The
MosqueMosque of al-Hakim (Arabic: مسجد الحاكم بأمر
الله‎, translit. Masjid al-Ḥākim bi Amr Allāh),
nicknamed al-Anwar (Arabic: الانور‎, lit. 'the
Illuminated'),[1] is a major Islamic religious site in Cairo, Egypt.
It is named after
Al-Hakim bi-Amr AllahAl-Hakim bi-Amr Allah (985–1021), the sixth
FatimidFatimid caliph and 16th
IsmailiIsmaili Imam.
The mosque was originally built as an enclosure by the
FatimidFatimid vizier
Gawhar Al-Siqilli (c. 928–992), but was incorporated into the
extended fortifications built by Badr al-Jamali. It consists of an
irregular rectangle with four arcades surrounding the courtyard. An
unusual feature is the monumental entrance with its projecting stone
porch
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Napoleon
Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French
statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French
Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French
Revolutionary Wars. As Napoleon, he was
Emperor of the FrenchEmperor of the French from
1804 until 1814, and again briefly in 1815 during the Hundred Days.
NapoleonNapoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade
while leading
FranceFrance against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic
Wars. He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles,
building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its
final collapse in 1815. He is considered one of the greatest
commanders in history, and his wars and campaigns are studied at
military schools worldwide
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Literal Translation
Literal translation, direct translation, or word-for-word translation
is the rendering of text from one language to another one word at a
time (Latin: "verbum pro verbo") with or without conveying the sense
of the original whole.
In translation studies, "literal translation" denotes technical
translation of scientific, technical, technological or legal texts.[1]
In translation theory, another term for "literal translation" is
"metaphrase"; and for phrasal ("sense") translation — "paraphrase."
When considered a bad practice of conveying word by word (lexeme to
lexeme, or morpheme to lexeme) translation of non-technical type
literal translations has the meaning of mistranslating idioms,[2] for
example, or in the context of translating an analytic language to a
synthetic language, it renders even the grammar unintelligible.
The concept of literal translation may be viewed as an oxymoron
(contradiction in terms), given that literal denotes something
existing without interpretation, where
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International Standard Book Number
"ISBN" redirects here. For other uses, see ISBN (other).International Standard
BookBook NumberA 13-digit ISBN, 978-3-16-148410-0, as represented by an EAN-13 bar
codeAcronym
ISBNIntroduced
1970; 48 years ago (1970)Managing organisation
International ISBN AgencyNo. of digits
13 (formerly 10)Check digit
Weighted sumExample
978-3-16-148410-0Website
www.isbn-international.orgThe International Standard
BookBook Number (ISBN) is a unique[a][b]
numeric commercial book identifier. Publishers purchase ISBNs from an
affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.[1]
An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation (except reprintings)
of a book. For example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition
of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13
digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, and 10 digits long
if assigned before 2007
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Abu Al-Abbas Al-Mursi Mosque
Al-Mursi Abu'l-'Abbas (1219 in Murcia – 1287 CE) (Arabic:
المرسي أبو العباس‎) is a Sufi saint from Al-Andalus
of the Moroccan Merinid dynasty who later in his life moved to
Alexandria in Egypt. His complete name is Shahab al-Din Abu'l-'Abbas
Ahmad ibn 'Umar ibn Mohammad al-Ansari al-Mursi. Al-Mursi Abul-'Abbas,
as he is now commonly called, is one of the four master saints of
Egypt, the other three being Ahmad al-Badawi, al-Dessouqi and
al-Haggag. His legacy and reverence in Egypt were such that Mursi
became a common name in the country.Contents1 In al-Andalus
2 Meeting al-Shadhili
3 His mosque in Alexandria
4 BibliographyIn al-Andalus[edit]
Shahab was born in Murcia in al-Andalus, in 616 H (1219 CE) to a
wealthy family in the trading business and was well educated in
religious sciences.
He grew up helping his father in the trading business. He was known
for his honesty and for his many contributions to the needy
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Abu Al-'Ila Mosque
A mosque (/mɒsk/; from Arabic: مَـسْـجِـد‎,
translit. masjid) is a place of worship for Muslims. There are
strict and detailed requirements in Sunni jurisprudence (Arabic:
فِـقْـه‎, fiqh) for a place of worship to be considered a
mosque, with places that do not meet these requirements regarded as
musallas.[1] There are stringent restrictions on the uses of the area
formally demarcated as the mosque (which is often a small portion of
the larger complex), and in the Islamic Sharī‘ah (Arabic:
شَـرِيْـعَـة‎, Law), after an area is formally
designated as a mosque, it remains so until the Last Day.[1]
Many mosques have elaborate domes, minarets, and prayer halls, in
varying styles of architecture. Mosques originated on the Arabian
Peninsula, but are now found in all inhabited continents
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Gawhar Al-Siqilli
Jawhar (Arabic: جوهر‎; fl. 966–d. 992) was a Fatimid general.
Under the command of
CaliphCaliph Al-Mu'izz, he led the conquest of North
Africa and then of Egypt,[1] founded the city of Cairo[2] and the
great al-Azhar Mosque. A Greek slave by origin, he was freed by
Al-Mu'izz.[3]Contents1 Biography
2 Epithets
3 See also
4 References
5 Sources
6 External linksBiography[edit]
Jawhar was a Sicilian ghulam of Greek ethnicity.[4][5][6][7][8] His
family originated from the Emirate of
SicilySicily (hence the epithet
الصقلي = the Sicilian), and came as a slave to North Africa. He
was sent to the Fatimid
CaliphCaliphIsmail al-MansurIsmail al-Mansur on account of his
intelligence and cunning. Under his son al-Muizz (953-975) he gained
his freedom and became his personal secretary. Soon he was the vizier
and the highest-ranking military commander of the Fatimids
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Vizier
A vizier (/vɪˈzɪər/, rarely /ˈvɪziər/;[1] Arabic: وزير‎
wazīr; Persian: وازیر‬‎ vazīr; Turkish: vezir; Chinese:
宰相 zǎixiàng; Bengali: উজির ujira'; Hindustani
(Hindi-Urdu): वज़ीर or وزیر‬ vazeer, sometimes spelled
vazir, vizir, vasir, wazir, vesir, or vezir), is a high-ranking
political advisor or minister.[2] The
AbbasidAbbasid caliphs gave the title
wazir to a minister formerly called katib (secretary) who was at first
merely a helper, but afterwards became the representative and
successor of the dapir (official scribe or secretary) of the Sassanian
kings.[3]
In modern usage, the ter
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Al-Burdayni Mosque
A mosque (/mɒsk/; from Arabic: مَـسْـجِـد‎,
translit. masjid) is a place of worship for Muslims. There are
strict and detailed requirements in Sunni jurisprudence (Arabic:
فِـقْـه‎, fiqh) for a place of worship to be considered a
mosque, with places that do not meet these requirements regarded as
musallas.[1] There are stringent restrictions on the uses of the area
formally demarcated as the mosque (which is often a small portion of
the larger complex), and in the Islamic Sharī‘ah (Arabic:
شَـرِيْـعَـة‎, Law), after an area is formally
designated as a mosque, it remains so until the Last Day.[1]
Many mosques have elaborate domes, minarets, and prayer halls, in
varying styles of architecture. Mosques originated on the Arabian
Peninsula, but are now found in all inhabited continents
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Al-Hussein Mosque
A mosque (/mɒsk/; from Arabic: مَـسْـجِـد‎,
translit. masjid) is a place of worship for Muslims. There are
strict and detailed requirements in Sunni jurisprudence (Arabic:
فِـقْـه‎, fiqh) for a place of worship to be considered a
mosque, with places that do not meet these requirements regarded as
musallas.[1] There are stringent restrictions on the uses of the area
formally demarcated as the mosque (which is often a small portion of
the larger complex), and in the Islamic Sharī‘ah (Arabic:
شَـرِيْـعَـة‎, Law), after an area is formally
designated as a mosque, it remains so until the Last Day.[1]
Many mosques have elaborate domes, minarets, and prayer halls, in
varying styles of architecture. Mosques originated on the Arabian
Peninsula, but are now found in all inhabited continents
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Dawoodi Bohra
The Dawoodi Bohras are a sect within the
Ismā'īlīIsmā'īlī branch of Shia
Islam.[1][2] Dawoodi mainly reside in the western cities of
IndiaIndia and
also in Pakistan,
YemenYemen and East Africa.[3] The main language of the
community is "Lisan al-Dawat", a dialect of Gujarati with inclusions
from Arabic, Urdu and other languages. The Script used is
Perso-Arabic.
When in communal attire, a Dawoodi male has a form of tunic called
kurta, equally lengthy overcoat dress called saya, and an izaar
typically donned underneath, all of which are mostly white, along with
a white and golden cap called topi. Most men have a beard
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