Summary of State Use of PPIS Funds: Region 1

Region 1 states fit under two service delivery models.
Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont implemented their PPIS programs through
one primary state agency, and thereby follow the centralized service delivery
model. Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island split funding between
two or more state agencies, following the decentralized model. Grantees
used PPIS funding primarily for voluntary technical assistance programs
and regulatory integration.

CONNECTICUT

Connecticut has implemented its PPIS programs primarily through the
Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) and the Connecticut Technical
Assistance Program, which each received four out of nine total grants.
Through this decentralized service delivery system, both grantees provided
regulatory program assistance and training to businesses.

DEP used its 1991 grant to institutionalize pollution prevention activities
within existing department programs and to establish an outreach program
that encouraged small business source reduction of high risk chemicals.
In 1995, DEP developed a pollution prevention train-the-trainer curriculum
for printers. DEP expanded its program for printers in 1996 by establishing
working relationships with graphic design firms and industrial laundries.
In 1997, the DEP facilitated a multimedia pollution prevention training
program for vocational and technical school teachers who teach automotive
repair.

MAINE

Maine implemented its PPIS programs primarily through centralized service
delivery from the Maine Department of Environment (DEP), which received
six out of the seven state grants. These grants provided technical assistance
and loans to businesses.

Data Collection and Analysis: general data collection and analysis,
survey

In 1992, DEP provided comprehensive, multimedia pollution prevention
technical assistance and outreach to the regulated community and increased
interaction between the department and the regulated community. In 1993,
DEP facilitated and encouraged integration of water, air, land, and waste
programs to assist businesses with pollution prevention implementation.
In 1994, the grantee collaborated with Coastal Enterprises in a pilot
project to help firms prevent pollution. The grant was used to raise money
to establish a Green Fund that provided approximately 50 loans to small
businesses. These loans were used to invest in pollution prevention audits,
equipment, and process changes. The 1995 grant was used to offer small-
and medium-sized print shops pollution prevention knowledge through onsite
visits, workshops, and demonstrations. In 1996 DEP helped to implement
pollution prevention throughout other state agencies, ensuring that their
operations maintained or went beyond environmental compliance with state
and federal regulations. Funding from the DEP's 1997 grant was used
to hire a staff person to coordinate a pilot pollution prevention effort
with selected municipalities in a targeted watershed area.

UNIVERSITY OF MAINE, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

EPA Funding

1990

$274,239

Total

$274,239

Major Activities:

Activities Education and Outreach: conferences/meetings

Technical Assistance and Training: clearinghouse/library

The University of Maine received this grant to fund an educational program
for groups dealing with the public and students.

MASSACHUSETTS

Organizations in Massachusetts received a total of 11 grants. Following
the decentralized service delivery model, the Office of Technical Assistance
received the majority of the funding. A number of other agencies, however,
received additional grants. The programs focused primarily on voluntary,
technical assistance and regulatory training.

In 1990, DEP assisted the Bureau of Waste Prevention in its efforts to
develop cross-media permitting, inspection, enforcement, and data gathering.
In addition, the grant was used to develop planning requirements for toxics
use reduction. In 1993, DEP analyzed data received from toxics user reduction
reports.

MASSACHUSETTS OFFICE OF COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT

EPA Funding

1992

$64,000

Total

$64,000

Major Activities:

Education and Outreach: workshops

Technical Assistance and Training: onsite assessments

The assistance efforts of this grant included workshops to promote source
reduction and onsite technical assistance focused primarily on the greater
New Bedford area. Companies were solicited for voluntary, onsite plant
visits.

The grant awarded in 1989 (awarded to DEM MA Safe Waste Management Program
which became OTA in the reorganization) expanded on an existing technical
assistance source reduction program, providing technical assistance coordinated
with a multimedia regulatory inspection program, as well as outreach to
generators and other states. In 1993, grant activities included the creation
of two programs: a technical assistance program, and a training program
for agency planners training. These two programs consisted of pollution
prevention and resource conservation components. In 1994, the Office of
Technical Assistance (OTA) designed a project to aid and inform schools
in the reduction of risks associated with chemical use. The grant allowed
them to plan conferences and develop written materials for active players
in the schools. In 1995, OTA used its grant to build on existing technical
assistance efforts offered to schools. This one-year project informed
school officials of the financial benefits of pollution prevention as
well as the health and safety benefits. With a focus on autobody shops,
the OTA enhanced regulatory compliance through the adoption of pollution
prevention activities with their 1996 grant. The 1997 grant builts upon
the earlier grants to provide pollution prevention training to schools.

UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS

EPA Funding

1994

$49,997

1995

$49,997

Total

$99,994

Major Activities:

Two divisions of the University of Massachusetts were awarded a grant
in 1994. The first grant was awarded to the Cooperative Extension IPM
Program and the second to the Lowell Research Foundation. The Cooperative
Extension IPM Program used its grant to conduct integrated pest management
(IPM) research. This research included testing IPM guidelines for apple
orchards across all environmental media as a pollution prevention methodology.
The Lowell Research Foundation used its grant to test a methodology for
using the Toxics Release Inventory and Toxics Use Reduction Act data to
measure statewide progress in meeting a 50 percent reduction of toxic
by products generated by industry over a 10-year period.

NEW HAMPSHIRE

New Hampshire centrally delivered PPIS service through the New Hampshire
Department of Environmental Services (DES), which received six out of
seven total grants. The program had both nonregulatory and regulatory
aspects. An outreach program was offered to municipalities and the program
also incorporated pollution prevention in permitting, compliance monitoring,
and enforcement procedures.

DES established a formal pollution prevention program that included the
formation of a multimedia task force, a permanent state/business relationship
to facilitate pollution prevention activities, and a multimedia onsite
waste reduction assistance program for business, industry, and state government.
In 1993, DES partnered retired engineers with college and graduate students
to provide onsite technical assistance to New Hampshire businesses. In
1994, DES promoted pollution prevention in permitting, leadership, media
grants, pilot projects, and staff training, and through the development
of innovative partnerships. DES used its 1995 grant to fund two projects:
a municipal assistance project to assist the city of Somersworth, New
Hampshire in overcoming water quality problems, and a project to integrate
pollution prevention into compliance assistance programs. In 1997, DES
developed coordinated compliance and pollution prevention assistance for
specific industries required to meet environmental regulations. In addition,
DES built an alliance between several organizations to improve the delivery
of environmental compliance and pollution prevention assistance.

UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE

EPA Funding

1995

$60,000

Total

$60,000

Major Activities:

Education and Outreach: intern program, video, guidance document

Regulatory Integration: P2 and compliance assistance

Technical Training and Assistance: training, P2 assessment

In 1995, the University of New Hampshire established an environmental
compliance and pollution prevention center to target the New Hampshire
metal finishing and electronics industry sectors. The center provided
integrated compliance assistance to implement pollution prevention through
training, student internships, and the development of a multimedia facility
auditing manual.

RHODE ISLAND

Rhode Island decentralized service delivery between two grantees. The
Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (DEM) received five
out of the eight grants awarded in Rhode Island. The nonregulatory program
focused on offering technical assistance to a number of industry sectors,
including electroplaters, printers, manufacturers, and metal fabricators.
The Narragansett Bay Commission (NBC) received the other three grants
and focused its nonregulatory program on training manufacturing and wastewater
pretreatment staff in pollution prevention techniques.

Pilot and Demonstration Project: general pilot and demonstration
projects

Measurement: general measurement

In 1989, DEM established a technical assistance program, and a database
library of waste reduction technologies and procedures and developed training
programs and seminars for electroplaters, industrial manufacturers, printers,
and metal fabricators. In 1992, DEM used its grant to expand and incorporate
statewide pollution prevention activities into the regulatory policy making
and enforcement actions of state and local authorities, particularly for
the textile industry. In 1994, DEM researched, evaluated, and demonstrated
toxics use reduction strategies for the auto finishing industry. In 1996,
DEM received a grant to fund a two-year project which provided research,
evaluation, and technical assistance to Rhode Island companies participating
in the EPA-NE/HQ Common Sense Initiative, the Environmental Leadership
Project, and the Third Party Certification Project. In 1997, DEM evaluated
a new process of evaporation used in the metal finishing industry and
then developed methods for reducing both hazardous and nonhazardous wastes
from this process.

In 1991, the NBC established a pollution prevention program in partnership
with the University of Rhode Island (URI), and the state Department of
Environmental Management's existing multimedia pollution prevention
program, and implemented URI's source reduction technology developments.
In 1995, the NBC trained manufacturing and wastewater pretreatment staff
in Rhode Island's small business community, and POTW Industrial Pretreatment
regulatory personnel, in source reduction and pollution prevention techniques
and technologies. In 1996, the NBC offered the industrial community assistance
in addressing environmental regulatory issues through pollution prevention.
The NBC amended regulatory requirements, promoted the use of pollution
prevention approaches to solve environmental problems, and improved communications
between industry and government regulatory agencies.

VERMONT

Vermont provided centralized service delivery through the Vermont Agency
of Natural Resources/Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC), which
received five out of the seven state grants. The regulatory program provided
technical assistance to small businesses as well as educational outreach
information.

DEC used its 1991 grant to enhance technical assistance and outreach
in multimedia pollution prevention, including toxics use reduction, as
well as institutionalize pollution prevention into existing technical
assistance and regulatory programs in DEC. In 1993, DEC used its grant
to conduct onsite pollution prevention visits at participating companies.
In addition, conference and vendor exhibitions were developed to demonstrate
alternative equipment to reduce emissions from paintings and coatings,
which would prove useful to the furniture, plastics, automotive, and metal
finishing industry sectors. In 1994, DEC used grant money to fund projects
and activities related to pollution prevention technical assistance and
education, pollution prevention integration, and measurement for pollution
prevention activities. In 1995, DEC provided onsite pollution prevention
assistance to small businesses and developed pilot projects which explored
ways in which hotels, motels, resorts, and conference centers could promote
pollution prevention in their dining, lodging, and conference facilities.
In 1996, DEC worked in collaboration with the Vermont Small Business Development
Center to support efforts to integrate pollution prevention into small
business training and assistance.

UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT

EPA Funding

1994

$12,000

Total

$12,000

Major Activities:

Education and Outreach: conference

This one time grant awarded to the University of Vermont in 1994 provided
schools throughout Vermont with information on how to determine if indoor
air quality problems existed, and how to find pollution prevention solutions.

VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

EPA Funding

1994

$12,000

Total

$12,000

Major Activities:

Education and Outreach: research, report, conference

The Vermont Department of Health (VDH) used its 1994 grant to investigate
the sources of indoor air pollution in Vermont schools and worked to eliminate
these sources when possible. VDH conducted four school inspections - one
in each of four different building age groups - and developed a report
on its findings and recommendations, which were presented at a conference.

Data Collection and Analysis: general data collection and analysis,
survey

The Northeast Management Officials' Association (NEWMOA) used its
1989 grant to establish a centralized regional pollution prevention clearinghouse
and database, provide direct technical assistance to states, and develop
options for source reduction for waste streams destined for resource recovery
systems. In 1993, NEWMOA expanded the pollution prevention clearinghouse
and funded a number of conferences and meetings, including a workshop
on pollution prevention for permit writers. In 1995, NEWMOA trained state
and local EPA officials in pollution prevention concepts and methods,
published a newsletter on state and local pollution prevention activities,
continued to manage the clearinghouse of pollution prevention technical
information, and coordinated committee meetings to share pollution prevention
technical information.