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Abstract:

A packer device for forming a fluid seal between an inner tubular member
and an outer tubular member. The packer device includes a swage assembly
that is expandable from a reduced diameter condition to an expanded
diameter condition and a substantially deformable packer element for
contacting and forming a fluid seal against a surrounding tubular. The
packer element radially surrounds the swage assembly and being moved
outwardly into a sealing configuration when the swage assembly is moved
to its expanded diameter condition

Claims:

1. A packer device for forming a fluid seal between an inner tubular
member and an outer tubular member, the packer device comprising: a swage
assembly that is expandable from a reduced diameter condition to an
expanded diameter condition; a substantially deformable packer element
for contacting and forming a fluid seal against a surrounding tubular,
the packer element radially surrounding the swage assembly and being
moved outwardly into a sealing configuration when the swage assembly is
moved to its expanded diameter condition.

2. The packer device of claim 1 wherein the swage assembly comprises: a
first row of arcuate, wedge-shaped segments; a second row of arcuate,
wedge-shaped segments; and wherein the first and second rows of segments
being moveable between a first, offset configuration wherein the first
and second rows of segments present an annular formation having a reduced
diameter, and a second, generally aligned configuration wherein the first
and second rows of segments present an annular formation having an
enlarged diameter.

3. The packer device of claim 2 wherein each of the segments of the swage
assembly is slidably interconnected with a neighboring segment.

4. The packer device of claim 3 wherein the neighboring segments are
slidably interconnected by a tongue-in-groove arrangement.

8. The packer device of claim 7 further comprising elastomeric material
on the interior of the metallic sleeve.

9. The packer device of claim 7 wherein the metallic sleeve has annular
corrugations to form annular ridges.

10. A packer device for forming a fluid seal between an inner tubular
member and an outer tubular member, the packer device comprising: a swage
assembly that is expandable from a reduced diameter condition to an
expanded diameter condition, the swage assembly comprising: a first row
of arcuate, wedge-shaped segments; a second row of arcuate, wedge-shaped
segments; wherein the first and second rows of segments being moveable
between a first, offset configuration wherein the first and second rows
of segments present an annular formation having a reduced diameter, and a
second, generally aligned to configuration wherein the first and second
rows of segments present an annular formation having an enlarged
diameter; and a substantially deformable packer element for contacting
and forming a fluid seal against a surrounding tubular, the packer
element radially surrounding the swage assembly and being moved outwardly
into a sealing configuration when the swage assembly is moved to its
expanded diameter condition.

11. The packer device of claim 10 wherein each of the segments of the
swage assembly is slidably interconnected with a neighboring segment.

13. The packer device of claim 12 wherein the packer element further
comprises a layer of deformable, longitudinal ribs.

14. The packer device of claim 12 wherein the packer element further
comprises a metallic sleeve radially within the elastomeric sleeve.

15. The packer device of claim 14 wherein elastomeric material is located
radially within the metallic sleeve.

16. The packer device of claim 14 wherein the metallic sleeve has annular
corrugations to form annular ridges.

17. A method of forming a seal within a tubular member comprising the
steps of: disposing a packer device within the tubular member, the packer
device comprising a swage assembly that is expandable from a reduced
diameter condition to an expanded diameter condition and a substantially
deformable packer element radially surrounding the swage assembly to
contact and form a fluid seal against the tubular member; axially
compressing the swage assembly to move the swage assembly to the expanded
diameter condition; and compression of the swage assembly causing the
packer element to seal against the tubular member.

Description:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention

[0002] The invention relates generally to the design of packer devices in
subterranean wells.

[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art

[0004] Inflatable packers are used to create seals within tubular members
in wells. An inflatable packer typically includes a flexible packer
element that is inflated with fluid to cause the packer element to expand
radially outwardly from a mandrel and into sealing contact with a
surrounding tubular member. The packer element is typically formed of
rubber or another elastomer and may be reinforced with flexible
axially-extending ribs.

[0005] Inflatable packers may be prone to leakage of fluid or reduction in
interior pressure over the long term which may undesirably unset the
packer or lead to leakage across the packer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] The invention provides methods and devices for supporting an
inflatable packer element with an interior swage that is selectively
radially expandable from a reduced diameter condition to an enlarged
diameter condition. In the enlarged diameter condition, the swage
provides mechanical support for the packer element around substantially
the complete or full interior circumference of the packer element. In
some embodiments, the swage can be moved back from the enlarged diameter
condition to the reduced diameter condition in order to unset the packer
device.

[0007] In accordance with particular embodiments of the invention, the
swage has opposing rows of arcuate segments. In embodiments, the segments
have tapered edge portions and are preferably slidably interconnected
with each other using a tongue-in-groove or similar arrangement. When the
opposing rows of arcuate segments are axially compressed, they move
radially outwardly, expanding the packer element into sealing contact
with a surrounding tubular member and providing full mechanical
circumferential support to the packer element.

[0008] The packer membrane can have a number of configurations. In one
described embodiment, the packer element includes an elastomeric
membrane. According to some embodiments, the packer membrane includes
reinforcing metal ribs that are located radially within the elastomeric
membrane. In a further exemplary embodiment, a second elastomeric
membrane is located radially within the reinforcing ribs.

[0009] In still other embodiments, the packer element provides additional
features that allow for improved sealing. According to particular
embodiments, annular reinforcing ridges of the packer element are
corrugated using either "U" or "V" shaped corrugations. Bonded elastomer
is preferably used to cover the corrugated outer and inner surfaces.

[0010] A packer device in accordance with the present invention may be
incorporated into a running string along with complimentary components,
such as slip assemblies which will help secure the packer device in place
within a surrounding tubular member. Also according to particular
embodiments, a setting tool is incorporated into the running string along
with the packer device which is capable of setting the packer device via
shifting of a setting sleeve to axially compress and set the swage as
well as neighboring devices, such as slip assemblies.

[0011] According to exemplary methods of operation, the packer device is
incorporated into a running string and disposed into a surrounding
tubular member or string. The packer device is then disposed to a desired
location within the surrounding tubular member or string. Thereafter, the
setting tool is actuated to cause the packer device to be set by moving
the swage to its enlarged diameter condition, which urges the packer
element into sealing contact with the surrounding tubular member. In some
embodiments, the packer device can be later unset by moving the swage
back to its reduced diameter condition, which permits the packer device
to be removed from the surrounding tubular member.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The advantages and further aspects of the invention will be readily
appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art as the same becomes
better understood by reference to the following detailed description when
considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like
reference characters designate like or similar elements throughout the
several figures of the drawing and wherein:

[0013]FIG. 1 is a side, partial cross-sectional view of an exemplary
wellbore having a packer device constructed in accordance with the
present invention.

[0014]FIG. 2 is a side, one quarter-sectional view of portions of an
exemplary packer device constructed in accordance with the present
invention, in an unset position.

[0015]FIG. 3 is a side, one quarter-sectional view of the portions of the
packer device shown in FIG. 2, now in a set condition.

[0016]FIG. 4 is an isometric view of an exemplary swage and surrounding
components with the packer element removed.

[0017] FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the swage and surrounding components
shown in FIG. 4, now in an expanded diameter condition.

[0018]FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary packer element
that could be used with the packer device shown in FIGS. 2-3.

[0019]FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative exemplary packer
element that could be used with the packer device shown in FIGS. 2-3.

[0020] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a further alternative exemplary
packer element that could be used with the packer device shown in FIGS.
2-3.

[0021]FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary packer element
that could be used with the packer device shown in FIGS. 2-3, including
outer corrugated ridges.

[0022] FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view of the packer element shown in
FIG. 9, now in a radially expanded condition.

[0023] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a further exemplary packer
element that could be used with the packer device of FIGS. 2-3, also
including outer corrugated ridges.

[0024] FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view of the packer element shown in
FIG. 10, now in a radially expanded condition.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0025]FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary wellbore 10 that has been formed in
the earth 12. The wellbore 10 is lined with metallic casing 14. A running
string 16 is shown disposed within the wellbore 10. The running string 16
may be made up of a string of production tubing segments or by coiled
tubing, or in other ways known in the art.

[0026] A packer device 18, constructed in accordance with the present
invention, is incorporated into the running string 16. In FIG. 1, the
packer device 18 is shown in an unset condition so that it does not form
a seal against the surrounding tubular casing 14. Dashed lines are used
to depict the packer device 18 in a set position, so that a seal is
formed against the casing 14.

[0027] FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate an exemplary hydraulically-set packer
device 18 in one-quarter side cross-section. Several of the drawings
illustrate the use of fluid seals, such as annular elastomeric O-ring
seals and the like. Since the use of such seals is well known in the art,
these will not be discussed in any detail. In FIG. 2, the packer device
18 is in an unset condition, while FIG. 3 shows the packer device 18 set
against the casing 14. The exemplary packer device 18 includes, at its
upper end, a gage ring 20 that is axially secured to the running string
16 by an upper snap ring 22. The gage ring 20 is threadedly secured to a
retainer ring 24. The retainer ring 24 preferably includes a fluid bleed
passage 26 having a one-way check valve 28 therein of a type known in the
art. The upper end of packer element 30 is secured between the retainer
ring 24 and upper seal ring 32. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3,
the packer element 30 is made up of an elastomeric membrane or sleeve 34
and supporting longitudinal ribs 36. The lower end of the packer element
30 is secured between lower seal ring 38 and annular cylinder 40. The
cylinder 40 is threadedly affixed to cover ring 42, which is axially
secured to the running string 16 via snap ring 44. The cylinder 40
surrounds the running string 16 and defines an enlarged-diameter interior
chamber portion 46.

[0028] It is noted that, in the depicted embodiment, the running string 16
defines a central fluid flowbore 48 along its length which permits
hydraulic fluid to be pumped down from the surface to the packer device
18. A fluid flow port 50 is provided through the running string 16 to
permit fluid to be transmitted from the flowbore 48 into the interior
chamber portion 46 of the cylinder 40.

[0029] An axially moveable annular piston 52 is disposed within the
interior portion 46 of the cylinder 40 and is initially secured to the
running string 16 by a frangible shear screw 54. In addition, the piston
52 is provided with a body lock ring assembly, generally shown at 56,
that ensures one-way ratchet-type movement of the piston 52 with respect
to the running string 16. Body lock ring assemblies are well known in the
art. As depicted, the exemplary body lock ring assembly 56 includes a
ratchet surface 58 that is formed on the outer radial surface of the
running string 16 and a locking ring 60 that is loosely retained by the
piston 52. The locking ring 60 presents an inwardly-facing ratchet
surface 62 that is generally complimentary to the surface 58 of the
running string 16. The body lock ring assembly 56 permits the piston 52
to be moved axially upwardly with respect to the running string 16, but
prevents reverse movement of the piston 52.

[0030] A radially expandable swage assembly, generally shown at 64, is
located radially within the packer element 30 and radially outside of the
running string 16. An exemplary swage assembly 64 is shown in greater
detail in FIGS. 4 and 5. It is noted that features and aspects of similar
radially expandable swage devices are described in U.S. Pat. No.
7,549,469 issued to Garcia. The Garcia patent is owned by the assignee of
the present application and is herein incorporated by reference in its
entirety. The exemplary swage assembly 64 includes first and second
annular rows of wedge-shaped arcuate segments 66, 68 which overlap each
other and are axially movable with respect to each other. The first and
second rows of segments 66, 68 are moveable between a first, offset
configuration (shown in FIGS. 2 and 4) and a second, generally aligned
configuration (FIGS. 3 and 5). In the first configuration, the segments
66, 68 present an annular formation having a reduced diameter. In the
second configuration, the segments 66, 68 present an annular formation
having an enlarged diameter. FIG. 5 depicts the segments 66, 68 as being
completely aligned with each other. However, those of skill in the art
will understand that the segments 66, 68 may still be offset to some
degree in the generally aligned position wherein the swage assembly 64 is
set. Therefore, it is intended that, in the generally aligned
configuration, the segments 66, 68 are more aligned than in the first,
offset configuration, but need not be completely aligned. It is noted
that the segments 66, 68 are each wedge shaped such that they present
edge portions 70 that converge toward their distal ends 72. In the
depicted embodiment, a tongue-and-groove arrangement, generally indicated
at 74, is used to ensure that the segments 66, 68 remain slidably
interconnected with one another.

[0031] In the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 3 and 4, the proximal ends 76
of the first row of segments 66 are mechanically interlocked with the
retainer ring 24. The proximal ends 78 of the second row of segments 68
are mechanically interlocked with the piston 52. The interlocking
connections between the segments 66 and 68 and the ring 24 and piston 52
are preferably such that the segments 66, 68 are free to move radially
outwardly relative to the ring 24 and piston 52.

[0032] In order to actuate the packer device 18, fluid pressure is
increased within the flowbore 48 of the running string 16. Fluid flows
into the chamber portion 46 via flow port 50. Fluid pressure will bear
upon the lower end of piston 52 and urge it axially upwardly with respect
to the running string 16, rupturing shear screw 54.

[0033] As the piston 52 is moved axially upwardly with respect to the
running string 16, the swage assembly 64 is axially compressed between
the retaining ring 24 and the piston 52. As is known with regard to the
operation of certain swages, the segments 66, 68 are moved into general
axial alignment with each other, as depicted in FIG. 5, causing the
segments 66, 68 to move radially outwardly with respect to the inner
running string 16. Radial outward movement of the segments 66, 68 will
urge the surrounding packer element 30 into sealing engagement with the
surrounding casing 14, as depicted in FIGS. 1 and 3.

[0034]FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary packer element 30
which might be used in the packer device 18. The packer element 30
includes an inner elastomeric sleeve 80. A layer of reinforcing ribs 38
radially surrounds the inner sleeve 80. An outer elastomeric sleeve 34
radially surrounds the layer of ribs 38.

[0035]FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative packer element
30' which could also be used with the packer device 18. The packer
element 30' includes a layer of reinforcing ribs 38 and a surrounding
elastomeric sleeve 34.

[0036] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a further alternative packer
element 30'' which also might be used with the packer device 18. In this
embodiment, the packer element 30'' consists of a single elastomeric
sleeve 34.

[0037]FIG. 9 illustrates the outer surface of an alternative packer
element 82, in accordance with the present invention, which includes an
inner elastomeric sleeve 84 and an outer elastomeric carcass 86. The
carcass 86 includes elastomer 88 that is molded onto a metallic sleeve
90. The metallic sleeve 90 contains generally U-shaped annular
corrugations that form annular ridges 92. In one embodiment, the metallic
sleeve 90 is a solid piece of cylindrical material which has corrugations
machined into it. Alternatively, the corrugations could be formed in
other ways known in the art. Voids 94 are located between the metallic
sleeve 90 and the elastomeric sleeve 84. During sealing by expansion of
the swage 64, the ridges 92 are expanded circumferentially and elastomer
from the elastomeric sleeve 84 is urged into the voids 94. When the swage
assembly 64 expands outwardly and presses the ridges 92 of the
corrugations outwardly, the voids 94 will be filled with elastomeric
material from the sleeve 84, as shown in FIG. 9A to provide resilient
support for the ridges 92. Also as depicted in FIG. 9A, the elastomeric
material 88 of the carcass 86 will thin. Also, the material making up the
sleeve 90 may become thinner.

[0038] FIG. 10 depicts the outer surface of a further alternative packer
element 96 which includes an inner elastomeric sleeve 98 and an outer
metallic sleeve 100.

[0039] Generally V-shaped corrugations 102 are formed in the metallic
sleeve 100. An outer elastomeric sleeve 104 is bonded to the metallic
sleeve 100. FIG. 10A depicts the alternative packer element 96 in a set,
radially expanded position. It can be seen that some or all of the end
points of the corrugations 102 penetrate the outer elastomeric sleeve
104. The interior elastomeric material of the inner sleeve 98 provides
resilient support for the corrugations 102.

[0040] In addition to its use in hydraulically-set packer devices, such as
the packer device 18 described previously, packer devices constructed in
accordance with the present invention may also be used within
mechanically-set wireline-run assemblies, as are known in the art. In
addition, packer devices constructed in accordance with the present
invention may be incorporated into assemblies which also include one or
more compression-set slip devices, of a type known in the art, to
mechanically lock the packer device within a surrounding tubular member.

[0041] Those of skill in the art will understand that, while the exemplary
packer device 30 is shown forming a seal with surrounding casing 14, the
devices and methods of the present invention may be used with a variety
of other surrounding tubular members, including liners and tubing
members.

[0042] The foregoing description is directed to particular embodiments of
the present invention for the purpose of illustration and explanation. It
will be apparent, however, to those skilled in the art that many
modifications and changes to the embodiment set forth above are possible
without departing from the scope and the spirit of the invention.

Patent applications by Marcelle H. Hedrick, Kingwood, TX US

Patent applications by BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED

Patent applications in class With sealing feature (e.g., packer)

Patent applications in all subclasses With sealing feature (e.g., packer)