"Hitler has often protested that his plans for conquest do not extend across the Atlantic Ocean. His submarines and raiders prove otherwise. So does the entire design of his NEW WORLD ORDER, For example, I have in my possession a secret map made in Germany by Hitler's Government—by the planners of the NEW WORLD ORDER. - Franklin D. Roosevelt, October 27 1941

For example, I have in my possession a secret map made in Germany by Hitler's Government—by the planners of the new world order. It is a map of South America and a part of Central America, as Hitler proposes to reorganize it. Today in this area there are fourteen separate countries. But the geographical experts of Berlin have ruthlessly obliterated all existing boundary lines; they have divided South America into five vassal states, bringing the whole continent under their domination. And they have also so arranged it that the territory of one of these new puppet states includes the Republic of Panama and our great life line—the Panama Canal. That is his plan. It will never go into effect.

In 1998 the BSC typescript (one of only two remaining) was eventually published. To say it fell stillborn from the press would be an understatement.

Yet here is a book of some 500 pages, written just after the war by former BSC agents, telling the whole story of Britain's US infiltration in great detail, recounting all the dirty tricks and the copious and widespread news manipulation that went on. I think it's fair to say that historians of the British Secret Services know about BSC and its operations, yet in the wider world it still remains virtually unheard of.

Roosevelt even cited it in a powerful pro-war, anti-Nazi speech on October 27 1941: "This map makes clear the Nazi design," Roosevelt declaimed, "not only against South America but against the United States as well."

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It was 1940, the Nazis were in the ascendant, the Blitz at its deadliest, and Britain's last hope was to bring a reluctant United States into the war. So it was that the largest covert operation in UK history was launched. William Boyd sheds light on a forgotten spy ring William Boyd ...

However, one of ...

BSC's most successful operations originated in South America and illustrates the clandestine ability it had to influence even the most powerful. The aim was to suggest that Hitler's ambitions extended across the Atlantic. In October 1941, a map was stolen from a German courier's bag in Buenos Aires. The map purported to show a South America divided into five new states - Gaus, each with their own Gauleiter - one of which, Neuspanien, included Panama and "America's lifeline" the Panama Canal.

In addition, the map detailed Lufthansa routes from Europe to and across South America, extending into Panama and Mexico. The inference was obvious: watch out, America, Hitler will be at your southern border soon. The map was taken as entirely credible and

Roosevelt even cited it in a powerful pro-war, anti-Nazi speech on October 27 1941: "This map makes clear the Nazi design," Roosevelt declaimed, "not only against South America but against the United States as well."

It was 1940, the Nazis were in the ascendant, the Blitz at its deadliest, and Britain's last hope was to bring a reluctant United States into the war. So it was that the largest covert operation in UK history was launched. William Boyd sheds light on a forgotten spy ring William Boyd The Guardian, Saturday 19 August 2006

"British Security Coordination". The phrase is bland, almost defiantly ordinary, depicting perhaps some sub-committee of a minor department in a lowly Whitehall ministry. In fact BSC, as it was generally known, represented one of the largest covert operations in British spying history; a covert operation, moreover, that was run not in Occupied France, nor in the Soviet Union during the cold war, but in the US, our putative ally, during 1940 and 1941, before Pearl Harbor and the US's eventual participation in the war in Europe against Nazi Germany.

When Winston Churchill became prime minister in May 1940, he realised immediately - if he had not realised before - that he had to achieve one thing in order to ensure that Britain was not defeated by Hitler's Germany: he had to enlist the US as Britain's ally. With the US alongside Britain, Hitler would be defeated - eventually. Without the US (Russia was neutral at the time), the future looked unbearably bleak. Roosevelt, as president, was predisposed to help - after a fashion and for cash on delivery - but the situation in America was overwhelmingly isolationist. One easily forgets this, in the era of our much-vaunted, so-called "special relationship", but at the nadir of Britain's fortunes, polls in the US still showed that 80% of Americans were against joining the war in Europe. Anglophobia was widespread and the US Congress was violently opposed to any form of intervention.

After the fall of France in June 1940, Britain's position became even weaker - it was assumed that British capitulation was simply a matter of time; why join the side of a doomed loser, ran the argument in the US. Roosevelt's hands were therefore firmly tied. Much as he might have liked to help Britain (and this, I feel, is a moot point: just how enthusiastic was FDR himself?) he dared not risk alienating Congress - and he had a presidential election looming that he did not want to lose. To go to the country on a "Join the war in Europe" ticket would have been electoral suicide. He had to be very pragmatic indeed - and there was no greater pragmatist than FDR.

All the same, Churchill's task, as he himself saw it, was clear: somehow, in some way, the great mass of the population of the US had to be persuaded that it was in their interests to join the war in Europe, that to sit on the sidelines was in some way un-American. And so British Security Coordination came into being.

BSC was set up by a Canadian entrepreneur called William Stephenson, working on behalf of the British Secret Intelligence Services (SIS).

An office was opened in the Rockefeller Centre in Manhattan with the discreet compliance of Roosevelt and J Edgar Hoover of the FBI. But nobody on the American side of the fence knew what BSC's full agenda was nor, indeed, what would be the massive scale of its operations.

What eventually occurred as 1940 became 1941 was that BSC became a huge secret agency of nationwide news manipulation and black propaganda. Pro-British and anti-German stories were planted in American newspapers and broadcast on American radio stations, and simultaneously a campaign of harassment and denigration was set in motion against those organisations perceived to be pro-Nazi or virulently isolationist (such as the notoriously anti-British America First Committee - it had more than a million paid-up members).

Stephenson called his methods "political warfare", but the remarkable fact about BSC was that no one had ever tried to achieve such a level of "spin", as we would call it today, on such a vast and pervasive scale in another country. The aim was to change the minds of an entire population: to make the people of America think that joining the war in Europe was a "good thing" and thereby free Roosevelt to act without fear of censure from Congress or at the polls in an election.

BSC's media reach was extensive: it included such eminent American columnists as Walter Winchell and Drew Pearson, and influenced coverage in newspapers such as the Herald Tribune, the New York Post and the Baltimore Sun. BSC effectively ran its own radio station, WRUL, and a press agency, the Overseas News Agency (ONA), feeding stories to the media as they required from foreign datelines to disguise their provenance. WRUL would broadcast a story from ONA and it thus became a US "source" suitable for further dissemination, even though it had arrived there via BSC agents. It would then be legitimately picked up by other radio stations and newspapers, and relayed to listeners and readers as fact. The story would spread exponentially and nobody suspected this was all emanating from three floors of the Rockefeller Centre. BSC took enormous pains to ensure its propaganda was circulated and consumed as bona fide news reporting. To this degree its operations were 100% successful: they were never rumbled.

Nobody really knows how many people ended up working for BSC - as agents or sub-agents or sub-sub-agents - although I have seen the figure mentioned of up to 3,000. Certainly at the height of its operations in late 1941 there were many hundreds of agents and many hundreds of fellow travellers (enough finally to stir the suspicions of Hoover, for one). Three thousand British agents spreading propaganda and mayhem in a staunchly anti-war America. It almost defies belief. Try to imagine a CIA office in Oxford Street with 3,000 US operatives working in a similar way. The idea would be incredible - but it was happening in America in 1940 and 1941, and the organisation grew and grew.

From a novelist's point of view, to discover such a forgotten corner of 20th-century history is a wonderful and unique gift. I had long wanted to write a novel about a spy, a woman spy in fact, but to have her spying in America - rather than in Russia or Germany or Occupied France - seemed an irresistible bonus. The more I investigated BSC's activities, the more intrigued I became. Some of BSC's schemes verged on the absurd; some were highly sophisticated media manipulation.

BSC invented a game called "Vik", described as "a fascinating new pastime for lovers of democracy". Printed booklets described up to 500 ways of harassing and annoying Nazi sympathisers. Players of Vik were encouraged to ring up their targets at all hours of the night and hang up. Dead rats could be put in water tanks, air could be let out of the subject's car tyres, anonymous deliveries could be made to his house and so on. In the summer of 1941, BSC sent a sham Hungarian astrologer to the US called Louis de Wohl. At a press conference De Wohl said he had been studying Hitler's astrological chart and could see nothing but disaster ahead for the German dictator. De Wohl became a minor celebrity and went on tour through the US, issuing similar dire prognostications about Hitler and his allies. De Wohl's wholly bogus predictions were widely published.

However, one of BSC's most successful operations originated in South America and illustrates the clandestine ability it had to influence even the most powerful. The aim was to suggest that Hitler's ambitions extended across the Atlantic. In October 1941, a map was stolen from a German courier's bag in Buenos Aires. The map purported to show a South America divided into five new states - Gaus, each with their own Gauleiter - one of which, Neuspanien, included Panama and "America's lifeline" the Panama Canal. In addition, the map detailed Lufthansa routes from Europe to and across South America, extending into Panama and Mexico. The inference was obvious: watch out, America, Hitler will be at your southern border soon. The map was taken as entirely credible and Roosevelt even cited it in a powerful pro-war, anti-Nazi speech on October 27 1941: "This map makes clear the Nazi design," Roosevelt declaimed, "not only against South America but against the United States as well."

The news of the map caused a tremendous stir: as a piece of anti-Nazi propaganda it could not be bettered. But was the South America map genuine? My own hunch is that it was a British forgery (BSC had a superb document forging facility across the border in Canada). The story of its provenance is just too pat to be wholly believable. Allegedly, only two of these maps were made; one was in Hitler's keeping, the other with the German ambassador in Buenos Aires. So how come a German courier, who was involved in a car crash in Buenos Aires, happened to have a copy on him? Conveniently, this courier was being followed by a British agent who in the confusion of the incident somehow managed to snaffle the map from his bag and it duly made its way to Washington.

The story of the South America map and the other BSC schemes was written up (in an extensive document of some hundreds of pages) after the war for private circulation by three former members of BSC (one of them Roald Dahl, interestingly enough). This secret history was a form of present for William Stephenson and a selected few others; it was available only in typescript and only 10 typescripts ever existed. Churchill had one, Stephenson had one and others were given to a few high officials in the SIS but they were regarded as top secret.

When Stephenson's highly colourful and vividly inaccurate biography was written (A Man Called Intrepid, 1976), the BSC typescript was drawn on by its author, but very selectively - in order to spare American blushes. The story of BSC seemed to be one of those wartime secrets that was never to be wholly revealed, like Bletchley Park and the Enigma machine decryptions. But the Enigma story was eventually made public and has been written about endlessly since the mid-1970s, fostering films, TV plays and novels in the wake of the revelations. But somehow BSC and the role of British agents in the US before Pearl Harbor has remained almost wholly undisclosed - one wonders why.

In 1998 the BSC typescript (one of only two remaining) was eventually published. To say it fell stillborn from the press would be an understatement. Yet here is a book of some 500 pages, written just after the war by former BSC agents, telling the whole story of Britain's US infiltration in great detail, recounting all the dirty tricks and the copious and widespread news manipulation that went on. I think it's fair to say that historians of the British Secret Services know about BSC and its operations, yet in the wider world it still remains virtually unheard of.

The reason is the story of BSC and its operations before Pearl Harbor is deeply embarrassing and remains so to this day. The document is explicit and condescending about American gullibility: "The simple truth is the United States is inhabited by people of many conflicting races, interests and creeds. These people, though fully conscious of their wealth and power in the aggregate, are still unsure of themselves individually, still basically on the defensive." BSC set out to manipulate "these people" and was very successful at so doing - hardly the kind of attitude countries involved in a "special relationship" should display. But that relationship is a Churchillian myth, invented and fostered by him after the war, and has been bought into wholesale by every subsequent British prime minister (with the possible exception of Harold Wilson).

As the secret history of the BSC unequivocally shows, sovereign states act exclusively to serve their own interests. A commentator in the Washington Post who read the BSC history remarked, "Like many intelligence operations, this one involved exquisite moral ambiguity. The British used ruthless methods to achieve their goals; by today's peacetime standards, some of the activities may seem outrageous. Yet they were done in the cause of Britain's war against the Nazis - and by pushing America towards intervention, the British spies helped win the war." Would BSC's activities eventually have encouraged the US to join the war in Europe? It remains one of the great "what ifs" of historical speculation. The tide of US public opinion seemed to be turning towards the end of 1941 - though isolationist sentiments remained very strong - and BSC's propaganda and relentless news manipulation deserved much of the credit for that change but, in the event, matters were taken out of BSC's hands. On the morning of Sunday, December 7 1941 the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor - the "day of infamy" had dawned and the question of American neutrality was gone for ever.

Logged

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=16030&st=new+world+order&st1=#ixzz1NIjcQOCyAddress for Navy and Total Defense Day. October 27, 1941 : Franklin D. Roosevelt: Address for Navy and Total Defense Day. ...The other day the Secretary of State of the United States was asked by a Senator to justify our giving aid to Russia. His reply was: "The answer to that, Senator, depends on how anxious a person is to stop and to destroy the march of Hitler in his conquest of the world. If he were anxious enough to defeat Hitler, he would not worry about who was helping to defeat him."

The SecofState was Cordell Hull who authored the federal income tax laws of 1913 and 1916 and the inheritance tax of 1916.

How can we get a UN? a New World Order?? We need ANOTHER WORLD WAR...

http://www.missionislam.com/nwo/illuminati.htm"The planning of UN can be traced to the 'secret steering committee' established by Secretary [of State Cordell] Hull in January 1943. All of the members of this secret committee, with the exception of Hull, a Tennessee politician, were members of the Council on Foreign Relations. They saw Hull regularly to plan, select, and guide the labors of the [State] Department's Advisory Committee. It was, in effect, the coordinating agency for all the State Department's postwar planning."

Professors Laurence H. Shoup and William Minter, writing in their study of the CFR, "Imperial Brain Trust: The CFR and United States Foreign Policy." (Monthly Review Press, 1977).

Japanese Ambassador Admiral Kichisaburō Nomura (left) and Special Envoy Saburō Kurusu (right) meet Hull for the last time on 17 November 1941, two weeks before the attack on Pearl Harbor (7 December 1941).

http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=16030&st=new+world+order&st1=#ixzz1NIjcQOCyAddress for Navy and Total Defense Day. October 27, 1941 : Franklin D. Roosevelt: Address for Navy and Total Defense Day. ...The other day the Secretary of State of the United States was asked by a Senator to justify our giving aid to Russia. His reply was: "The answer to that, Senator, depends on how anxious a person is to stop and to destroy the march of Hitler in his conquest of the world. If he were anxious enough to defeat Hitler, he would not worry about who was helping to defeat him."

Cordell Hull (October 2, 1871 – July 23, 1955) was an American politician from the U.S. state of Tennessee. He is best-known as the longest-serving Secretary of State, holding the position for 11 years (1933–1944) in the administration of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt during much of World War II.

Hull received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945 for his role in establishing the United Nations, and was referred to by President Roosevelt as the "Father of the United Nations".

Why you should vote for Democrat's (or anybody for that matter)

Hull served 11 terms in the United States House of Representatives (1907–1921 and 1923–1931) and authored the federal income tax laws of 1913 and 1916 and the inheritance tax of 1916.

After an electoral defeat in 1920, Hull served as chairman of the Democratic National Committee....

In 1939, Hull advised President Roosevelt to reject the SS St. Louis carrying 936 Jews seeking asylum. Hull's decision sent these people back to Europe on the heels of the Nazi Holocaust....Hull became the underlying force and architect in the creation of the United Nations, drafting, along with his staff, the United Nations Charter in mid-1943. He resigned as Secretary of State in November 1944 because of failing health.

Hull resigned as Secretary of State in November 1944 because of failing health.

Roosevelt described Hull, upon his departure as "the one person in all the world who has done his most to make this great plan for peace (the United Nations) an effective fact".

In 1945 Cordell Hull was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for "co-initiating the United Nations".

Hull died after suffering several strokes and heart attacks in 1955 in Washington, D.C., and is buried in the vault of the Chapel of St. Joseph of Arimathea in the Washington National Cathedral, which is an Episcopal church.

The Rothschilds were wary of Germany’s ability to continue in the war, despite the financial chaos caused by their agents, the Warburgs, who were financing the Kaiser, and Paul Warburg’s brother, Max, who, as head of the German Secret Service, authorized Lenin’s train to pass through the lines and execute the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. According to Under Secretary of the Navy, Franklin D. Roosevelt, America’s heavy industry had been preparing for war for a year. Both the Army and Navy Departments had been purchasing war supplies in large amounts since early in 1916.

Cordell Hull remarks in his Memoirs:

"The conflict forced the further development of the income-tax principle. Aiming, as it did, at the one great untaxed source of revenue, the income-tax law had been enacted in the nick of time to meet the demands of the war. And the conflict also assisted the putting into effect of the Federal Reserve System, likewise in the nick of time."70

One may ask, in the nick of time for whom? Certainly not for the American people, who had no need for "mobilization of credit" for a European war, or to enact an income tax to finance a war. Hull’s statement affords a rare glimpse into the machinations of our "public servants". ...

QuoteYet Stilwell only reflected orders from Washington, from General George C. Marshall. And as Admiral Cooke stated to Congress, "... in 1946 General Marshall used the tactics of stoppage of ammunition to invisibly disarm the Chinese forces. [3]

But when we get to General Marshall we need to remember that in the U.S. the civilian branch has final authority in matters military and that gets us to then Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson, Marshall's superior and a member of The Order (1888). By an amazing coincidence, Stimson was also Secretary of War in 1911 -- at the time of the Sun Yat Sen revolution.

Henry L. Stimson, former Secretary of War, died here at 4 P. M. today in his home, Highhold, West Hills. He had celebrated his eighty-third birthday on Sept. 21. ...As President Truman's senior adviser on military use of atomic energy, Henry L. Stimson made the deciding recommendation to drop the first atomic bomb, one of the most significant events in the history of mankind. ...Attracted Elihu Root It was Mr. Stimson's great good fortune as a young man of solid social background and education at Yale and Harvard to attract the attention of Elihu Root, then near the zenith of his long and influential career as a conservative Republican statesman and lawyer. ...Young Henry was sent to Phillips Andover Academy, where, he recalled in later life, the students enjoyed "perfect freedom, tempered by expulsion." [Andover Academy had a Pre-S&B society]

Mr. Stimson entered Yale in 1884 and spent the summer of his freshman year roughing it in the wilds of Canada. He was elected near the end of his junior year to Skull and Bones, oldest of the senior societies. He was graduated in 1888. After two years at Harvard Law School he was admitted to the bar in New York in 1891. By the end of 1905, as a member of Senator Root's law firm, he was making some $20,000 a year, and in January, 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt appointed him United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, his first public post. The salary was half what he had been making in private practice. ...When a vacancy occurred in the post of Secretary of War, President Taft took thought to the political needs of the Republican party in this state and appointed Mr. Stimson, probably on the recommendation of Mr. Root who, as Secretary of War in the Cabinets of McKinley and Roosevelt, had taken the far-reaching step of forming the Army's first General Staff.

When Mr. Stimson took office on May 22, 1911, the United States Army consisted of some 4,300 officers and 70,250 enlisted men, most of them distributed among obsolete military posts. Major Gen. Leonard Wood was Chief of Staff when Mr. Stimson became Secretary of War, and with Wood's aid the new Secretary was able to effect a new and more-efficient regrouping of the nation's tiny forces. But the nation was almost completely uninterested in army matters, and Mr. Stimson's post was easily the most unimportant in the Cabinet.

The outbreak of the first World War in 1914 found the United States Army almost completely unprepared, much to Mr. Stimson's regret. [ Really? you really think so?] ...Secretary of State in '31 Mr. Stimson was Secretary of State during the 1931 Manchurian crisis [always there for a crisis], which with the Ethiopian crisis of 1936 and the Munich appeasement of 1938, constituted the major retreats made by the Western powers before the nationalistic aggression that led to the second World War. President Hoover, who himself had considerable personal knowledge of Far Eastern affairs, had great confidence in Mr. Stimson's judgment in this field and gave him virtually a free hand. The Manchurian storm broke almost without warning.

On Sept. 17, 1931, Mr. Stimson received Katsuji Dubuchi, Japanese Ambassador, and both agreed that tensions in the Far East seemed to be relieved and that Japanese-American relations were much improved. Two days later Japanese troops occupied the Manchurian arsenal city of Mukden and other points in south Manchuria, territory claimed by China. ...The beginning of the second World War in 1939 found the War Department split by a feud between Secretary of War Harry H. Woodring and Assistant Secretary Louis Johnson. In a typically Rooseveltian stroke of political daring, the President decided to invite Mr. Stimson to accept the War post which the harassed Secretary Woodring finally vacated. It was formally offered in a telephone call from President Roosevelt on June 19, 1940. At the same time another Republican, Frank Knox of Chicago, was invited to become Secretary of the Navy, and accepted.

Mr. Stimson was 73 years old when he accepted the colossal task of carrying forward his country's preparation for taking part in a war from which it was almost certain that it could not keep free.[ Just in time AGAIN for Pearl Harbor!!!] He was remembered for the failure of his Manchurian policy, and his advanced years caused it to be said openly in Washington that he would collapse under the strain.

With an energy that would have been astonishing in a man twenty years younger, Secretary Stimson grappled with the task of making the ground and army air forces ready for almost certain war service. When he had been Secretary of War in 1911, there had been almost endless time to prepare for war, but no money. Now there was almost inexhaustible money and no time.

United States Attacked by Japan The Japanese attacked us on Dec. 7, 1941, and then and later, Mr. Stimson became involved in the controversy over who was to blame for the fact that the American land and sea forces were surprised at Pearl Harbor. Secretary Stimson maintained that Lieut. Gen. Walter Short, commanding in Hawaii, had been adequately warned before the attack. Another and very tenacious school of thought held that the warning had not been sufficiently explicit. ...In the fall of 1941 President Roosevelt named Secretary Stimson to a committee to advise on nuclear fission policy [Before Pearl Harbor!] , and from May 1, 1943, until he resigned as Secretary of War, Mr. Stimson was the President's senior adviser on the military employment of atomic energy. ...Secretary Stimson selected four targets, two of which were subjected to the atomic bomb attack--Hiroshima on Aug. 6, 1945, and Nagasaki three days later. Both attacks caused great loss of life among civilians as well as among members of the Japanese armed forces and also vast property damage.

When the armies that he had helped to raise were victorious in Europe and Japan in the greatest conflict of all time, Mr. Stimson resigned as Secretary of War on Sept. 21, 1945 [Mission completed!] , and retired to Highhold, his Long Island estate, which he had occupied since 1903.

William E. Jones writes, "I thought your readers should be aware of the Cordell Hull story that alien artifacts were in our hands in 1939." In early December of 1999 the Center of UFO Studies received a letter from the daughter of the Reverend Turner Hamilton Holt: "Today I want to share some knowledge that has been, by request, kept secret in our family since sometime in World War II. This concerns something my father was shown by his cousin Cordell Hull, the Secretary of State under Franklin Roosevelt. Snip, my father, who was young, brilliant, and sound of mind, told us this story because he didn't want the information to be lost.

One day when my father was in D.C,. Cordell swore him to secrecy and took him to a sub-basement in the U.S. Capitol building, and showed him an amazing sight:(1) Four large glass jars holding 4 creatures unknown to my father or Cordell [and], (2) A wrecked round craft of some kind nearby.

"My father wanted my sister and I to make this information known long after he and Cordell were dead, because he felt it was a very important bit of information. We have researched your group {Mufon} and feel it is the most reliable group in the country. We hope that you will research and search this information. The jars with creatures in formaldehyde and the wrecked craft are some where! "Cordell said they were afraid they would start a panic if the public found out about it." Sincerely, Lucile Andrew, Ashland, Ohio.

"Cordell Hull was one of the greatest statesmen of the 20th Century with absolutely no apparent reason to tell this story unless it was true, especially at a time when stories of flying saucers and their Alien drivers had not yet become part of our culture. Hull was elected U.S. Senator 1931-1937, as chairman of the Democratic National Committee, and became the Secretary of State under President Franklin D. Roosevelt in March 1933, the longest in American history until 1944, when he resigned because of ill health. He was also offered the Vice Presidency and in 1945, Cordell Hull won the 1945 Nobel Prize for Peace.

Logged

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Notice that the steering commitee for the formation of the UN were the same men from the CFR War and Peace studies group...AND include the President and Vice President of the CFR , the sister group of - Chatham House - The Royal Institute of International Affairs.http://www.sweetliberty.org/issues/shadow/cfrintro.htm

http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sociopolitica/global_tyranny/global_tyranny03.htm...In January 1943, Secretary of State Cordell Hull formed a steering committee [for the formation of the United Nations] composed of himself, Leo Pasvolsky, Isaiah Bowman, Sumner Welles, Norman Davis, and Morton Taylor. All of these men - with the exception of Hull - were in the CFR. ... Isaiah Bowman, a founding member of the CFR

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumner_WellesBenjamin Sumner Welles (October 14, 1892 - September 24, 1961) was an American government official and diplomat in the Foreign Service. He was a major foreign policy adviser to President Franklin D. Roosevelt and served as Under Secretary of State from 1937 to 1943, during FDR's presidency...In the week following Kristallnacht, in November 1938, the British government stated that it would be willing to give up the major part of the quota of 65,000 British citizens that could emigrate to the United States and have Jews fleeing Hitler receive this instead. To this Under-Secretary Welles responded:[24]

I reminded the Ambassador that the President stated there was no intention on the part of his government to increase the quota for German nationals. I added that it was my strong impression that the responsible leaders among American Jews would be the first to urge that no change in the present quota for German Jews be made...The influential Sam Rosenman, one of the "responsible" Jewish leaders sent Roosevelt a memorandum telling him that an 'increase of quotas is wholly inadvisable. It will merely produce a 'Jewish problem' in the countries increasing the quota.' ...Historians credit Welles with the for design of the United Nations.

FDR made Welles the key person and Welles had "a dominance over UN planning" that was "starting to embitter Hull

[ Keep in mind that one of the first actions of the Newly formed United Nations was the creation of Israel... ] ...In 1944, Welles lent his name to a fund-raising campaign by the United Jewish Appeal to bring Jewish refugees from the Balkans to Palestine...In 1945, he joined the American Broadcasting Company to guide the organization of the "Sumner Welles Peace Forum," a series of 4 radio broadcasts providing expert commentary on the San Francisco Conference, which wrote the founding document of the United Nations...In 1948, Welles authored We Need Not Fail, a short book that first presented a history and evaluated the competing claims to Palestine. He argued that American policy should insist on the fulfillment of the 1947 promise of the United Nations General Assembly to establish two independent states within an economic union, policed by a United Nations force...Later that year, the American Jewish Congress presented Welles with a citation that praised his "courageous championing of the cause of Israel among the nations of the world."[51]

Welles was a member of the American branch of the Institute of Pacific Relations, an organization that fostered the study of the Far East and the Pacific. Senator Joseph McCarthy repeatedly charged that it was a [Rockefeller] Communist front.

Alger Hiss (November 11, 1904 – November 15, 1996) was a high-ranking[1] U.S. State Department official and Secretary-General[2] of the founding conference of the United Nations. Hiss was convicted of perjury in 1950, after denying involvement in Soviet espionage. For decades, a great number of Americans saw Hiss, a liberal[3] Democrat,[4] as an innocent victim of McCarthyism.[5]

"Hiss was indeed a Soviet agent and appears to have been regarded by Moscow as its most important," wrote Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan (D.-N.Y.), who was instrumental in the declassification of Venona decrypts and FBI files on the case,[6] which had been classified for half a century. "Parts of the American government had conclusive evidence of his guilt," concluded the liberal Democrat[7] in 1998, "but they never told."[8] ......Hiss became president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, serving also as a trustee of the closely-related[330] Institute of Pacific Relations,[331] which would later be identified by the Senate Judiciary Committee as "a vehicle used by the Communists to orientate American far eastern policies toward Communist objectives."[332]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KristallnachtKristallnacht, also to referred to as the Night of Broken Glass, and also Reichskristallnacht, Pogromnacht, and Novemberpogrome, was a pogrom or series of attacks against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria on November 9–10, 1938....

Ninety-one Jews were killed, and 30,000 Jewish men—a quarter of all Jewish men in Germany—were taken to concentration camps, where they were tortured for months, with over 1,000 of them dying.[2] Around 1,668 synagogues were ransacked, and 267 set on fire. In Vienna alone 95 synagogues or houses of prayer were destroyed

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_and_Peace_StudiesWar and Peace Studies was a project carried out by the Council on Foreign Relations between 1939 and 1945 before and during American involvement in World War II. It was intended to advise the U.S. Government on conduct in the war and the subsequent peace.

The project was divided into four major areas: economic and financial, security and armaments, territorial, and political. Over 100 men took part. Funding was provided by the Rockefeller Foundation, which provided almost $350,000 over the course of the project. A steering committee was created in December 1939 chaired by U.S diplomat Norman Davis with Foreign Affairs editor Hamilton Fish Armstrong as vice-chairman. Initial area heads were:[1]

Alvin Hansen and Jacob Viner led the economic and financial group Whitney Shepardson, who led the political group Allen Welsh Dulles and Hanson W. Baldwin, who led the armaments group, and Isaiah Bowman, who led the territorial group.A research secretary was appointed to each group:

William Diebold, for the economic and financial group Walter R. Sharp, for the political group, and Grayson L. Kirk, for the armaments group William P. Maddox, for the territorial group

From March 1942, the project supplied research secretaries to the State Department's Advisory Committee on Postwar Foreign Policy, with each group's secretary serving the corresponding subcommittee at the State Department. Meetings were scheduled to allow secretaries to carry out Council work during the first half of each week with the remainder of the week spent at the Department of State.[2]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_DavisNorman H. Davis (1878–1944), was a U.S. diplomat. He was born in Bedford, Tennessee. He served as President Wilson's Assistant Secretary of Treasury and later as Undersecretary of State.

Davis headed commission of the League of Nations that negotiated the Klaipėda Convention in 1924. He was a delegate to a General Disarmament Conference in Geneva in 1931. He was chairman of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies from 1938 to 1944 and president of the Council on Foreign Relations 1936–1944.

In 1939, following the outbreak of war in Europe, Davis chaired the steering committee of the Council on Foreign Relations' War and Peace Studies project, created to advise the U.S. Government on wartime policy. He would also join the State Department's committee on overseas war measures, the fifteen-member Advisory Committee on Problems of Foreign Relations.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaiah_BowmanIsaiah Bowman, AB, Ph. D. (26 December 1878, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada – 6 January 1950, Baltimore, United States) was an American geographer. He was educated at Harvard and Yale where he taught from 1905 to 1915, after which time he became the director of the American Geographical Society, a position he held for 20 years from 1915 to 1935...served the Department of State as territorial adviser during World War II...Before and during World War II he served on the Council of Foreign Relation's War and Peace Studies as chairman of its territorial group.[1] From 1945 to 1949 he was a CFR vice-president

We really don't know what this guy did (to deserve all the awards):

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton_Fish_ArmstrongHamilton Fish Armstrong (April 7, 1893 – April 24, 1973) was a United States diplomat and editor...After 1922, he worked at Foreign Affairs, the review of Council on Foreign Relations, as adjoint of Archibald Cary Coolidge. After his death in 1928, he became the editor of the magazine. Armstrong retired from Foreign Affairs in 1972,

Hamilton Fish Armstrong was awarded by Serbia, Romania, Czechoslovakia, France and United Kingdom:

Order of the Serbian Red Cross (1918) Order of St. Sava Fifth Class (1918) Chevalier of Order of the White Eagle with Swords (1919) Order of the Crown (Rumania) in 1924 Order of the White Lion of Czechoslovakia in 1937 Officer of the Legion of Honor of France (1937) and became a commander in 1947 Commander of the British Empire in 1972 He received honorary degrees from Brown (1942), Yale (1957), the University of Basel (1960), Princeton (1961), Columbia (1963), and Harvard (1963).

Foreign Affairs is an American magazine and website on international relations and U.S. foreign policy published since 1922 by the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) six times annually. The CFR is a private-sector group established in New York City in 1921, with the mission of promoting understanding of foreign policy and America’s role in the world.

The Council on Foreign Relations was originally composed of 75 members of mainly academic and professional backgrounds. In its first year, the Council sought discourse mainly in meetings at its headquarters in New York City. However, the members of the Council wished to seek a wider audience, and, as a result, began publishing Foreign Affairs in 1922

http://www.conservapedia.com/Owen_LattimoreOwen Lattimore was U.S. political advisor to Chiang Kai-shek in 1941; after Pearl Harbor he became director of Pacific Operations for the United States Office of War Information.[1] According a unanimous report of the Senate Judiciary Committee, he was also "from some time beginning in the 1930's, a conscious articulate instrument of the Soviet conspiracy."[...

During the Nazi-Soviet pact, Lattimore was added to Roosevelt's Custodial Detention Index,[14] listed as "Nationalistic tendency—Communist."[15] Later the same year President Franklin Roosevelt appointed Lattimore U.S. adviser to Kuomintang Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek on the surreptitious and out-of-process recommendation of Lattimore's personal friend and patron at the White House,[16] Roosevelt adviser and NKVD agent Lauchlin Currie.[17] While serving in this capacity, according to Chinese military intelligence, Lattimore was sending coded messages to the Communist Chinese rebels.[18]

On November 25, 1941, twelve days before Pearl Harbor, Lattimore dispatched an anxious cable to Currie in the White House arguing against a proposed diplomatic understanding between the United States and Japan. When Congress later investigated the Pearl Harbor attack, U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull testified that he took a tough line with the Japanese because of this cable from Lattimore to Currie reporting on Chinese morale in the Kuomintang. This cable was the only documentary evidence Hull presented which influenced his decision to reverse himself and send the ultimatum to Japan.

Related to this is Lauchlin Currie Assistant to FDR and Soviet Spy who recommended Lattimore for his job....

http://www.conservapedia.com/Lauchlin_CurrieLauchlin Bernard Currie (8 October 1902 - 23 December 1993) was Administrative Assistant to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and a Soviet spy. ...Currie became Administrative Assistant to President Franklin Roosevelt in July of 1939[1], and was empowered to coordinate "the work of the various departments in their relations to the Executive." [2]

Whittaker Chambers, a former affiliate of the Soviet Secret Intelligence Service in Washington, D. C., for the purpose of developing a government underground, stated that Lauchlin Currie was a 'fellow Traveler' who helped various Communists. This statement was made to a representative of the State Department when Chambers was questioned relative to individuals in the Government who were allegedly active in behalf of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union. ...Soviet archives likewise identify Currie as a Soviet intelligence source. In 1948, Anatoly Gorsky identified Currie in the "Gorsky memo"as the Soviet agent code-named "PAZh/Page,"[10] who is recorded in Venona giving information to Akhmerov and "handing over documents" to Silvermaster. ...In the early part of 1941, Currie was sent to be Head of the Economic Mission to China as personal envoy of the President to confer with Chiang Kai-shek and other leading executives of the Kuomintang. Currie studied Chinese arsenals, military training schools, and industrial cooperatives while in China. ...

Amerasia scandalCurrie was listed as one of the individuals who attended the Institute of Pacific Relations Conference held at Mont Tremblant, Canada, from December 5 to 19, 1942. In the early part of September 1943, Currie was appointed as Acting Deputy Administrator and he remained until the early part of 1945. He then resumed his former White House duties.

It was Currie who recommended Owen Lattimore to President Roosevelt to serve as a special advisor to Jiang Jieshi(Chiang Kai-shek). [18]

Currie was a top-level adviser in President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal and served as FDR’s economic adviser in the White House from 1939-1945. From 1949 until his death in 1993, he was a top-level development economist in Latin America....

In 1944-1945, he took part in loan negotiations with the United States’ British and Soviet allies, as well as in preparations for the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire (July 1-22, 1944), which led to the creation of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. ...Currie was hired by the World Bank in 1949 despite earlier allegations of Soviet espionage made by two defectors from the Communist cause – Elizabeth Bentley and Whittaker Chambers. Bentley claimed that Currie, whom she had never seen, had been part of an espionage ring headed by Nathan Gregory Silvermaster.

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

[ Currie - The Rothschild/Soviet Spy ] In the early part of 1941, Currie was sent to be Head of the Economic Mission to China as personal envoy of the President to confer with Chiang Kai-shek and other leading executives of the Kuomintang. Currie studied Chinese arsenals, military training schools, and industrial cooperatives while in China.

http://flyingtigersus.wordpress.com/Like Lauchlin Currie at the White House, Bill Pawley was central to the creation and management of the American Volunteer Group, but was so hated by Chennault that he never got full credit for his role. This is a first cut at a Pawley biography, with emphasis on its intersection with the Flying Tigers story.

CAMCO personnel at Loiwing, China, probably at the factory opening in 1939. Bill Pawley is standing in back, second from left. Ed Pawley is third from right, and Gene Pawley may be the man in the center of the photo; all three are wearing white shirt and tie. (Hat tip: Eugenie Buchan)

In 1933 he moved to China where he became president of China National Aviation Corporation an airline running between Hong Kong and Shanghai. Pawley finally sold out to Pan Am again.

He later assembled aircraft in partnership with the Chinese Nationalist government under the corporate name of Central Aircraft Manufacturing Company in Hangzhou, Wuhan, and finally Loiwing on the China-Burma border. (CAMCO was owned in partnership with the Chinese government, with the Pawley family interest represented by Intercontinent, which now served as a Pawley family holding company.)

In 1941, with his brothers Edward and Eugene, he was involved with the organization and support of the 1st American Volunteer Group, popularly known as the Flying Tigers. The brothers established an assembly plant at Mingaladon airport outside Rangoon, Burma, where the AVG's Curtiss P-40 fighter aircraft were assembled, while an Intercontinent office in Rangoon (now Yangon) provided payroll and other housekeeping services to the group while it trained upcountry at Toungoo. Later, when Allied forces were driven out of lower Burma by the Japanese, the CAMCO factory and airfield across the border in Loiwing, China, served as a base for the AVG. When Loiwing in turn was captured by Japan in May 1942, Pawley moved his operation to India as a partner in Hindustan Aircraft Limited.

Pawley was appointed as U.S. Ambassador by Harry Truman to Peru in 1945. He was named U.S. Ambassador to Brazil in 1948.

Postwar, Pawley was an active member of the Republican Party. A close friend of both President Dwight Eisenhower and Central Intelligence Agency director Allen W. Dulles, he took part in a policy that later become known as Executive Action, a plan to remove unfriendly foreign leaders from power.

Pawley played a role Operation PBSUCCESS, a CIA plot to overthrow the Guatemalan government of Jacobo Arbenz in 1954 after Arbenz introduced land reforms and nationalized the United Fruit Company.

Pawley is thought to have served [the CIA] in Peru, Brazil, Panama, Guatemala, Cuba and Nicaragua between 1945 and 1960.

His final residence was in Miami Beach, Florida, where he died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound, in January 1977, because he suffered from a severe case of the very painful disease - shingles.

United States Ambassador to Peru - 20 July 1945–27 April 1946United States Ambassador to Brazil - 13 June 1946–26 March 1948

David Price Cannon began researching the life of Ambassador William Douglas Pawley over 35 years ago. An aviation pioneer in Cuba and China. Founder of the Flying Tigers. Global entrepreneur. Diplomat in Peru and Brazil.

An architect of U.S. covert policy. Coup plotter against governments in Guatemala and Cuba. A CIA covert agent. An organizer of Cuban exiles for the Bay of Pigs Invasion. A critic of President John Fitzgerald Kennedy. A friend of Clare Boothe Luce, CIA Director Allen Dulles, FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover, Senator James Eastland and foreign dictators.

A name high on the witness list for the U.S. House Select Committee on Assassination's hearings at the time Pawley committed suicide.

Although an Ambassador and a friend of Secretary of State George C. Marshall, William D. Pawley despised those in the State Department who believed diplomacy was superior to sabotage and subversion in Russia, Guatemala, Cuba and China. He fed his own paranoia and became its most vocal advocate. ...Researching Pawley's life took decades because hundreds of documents relating to his covert activities during the 1950s and 60s were classified for three decades. They were finally made available through the combined efforts of the Mary Ferrell Foundation -- http://www.maryferrell.org/ -- which provides online access to more than one million pages of declassified documents.

The majority of them come from the Assassination Archives and Research Center in Washington DC, run by James Lesar: http://www.aarclibrary.org

Many additional details about William Douglas Pawley were found in the Pawley Collection at George C. Marshall Library in Lexington, Virginia: http://www.marshallfoundation.org...William Pawley expedites the creation of China National Aviation Corp. He then forms Central Aircraft Manufacturing Company, headquartered at 30 Rockefeller Plaza in New York City, to recruit Claire Chennault and other pilots for The Flying Tigers (American Volunteer Group) which defends Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek’s forces against the invading Japanese.

This brings Pawley into contact with President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Madame Chiang’s brother, T.V. Soong, who finances the Flying Tigers and then emerges from World War II as one of the wealthiest men in the world and a leader of the China Lobby.

Pawley shifts aircraft manufacturing to the safety of India to support the American pilots. He gains major press coverage from newspapers and Time magazine, which leads to his friendship with Henry and Clare Boothe Luce, a woman with similar political opinions and interests. Pawley later states that during this period “I first began to feel a growing alarm at the threat of world communism.”

Since the OSS did not exist at that time, all this was done under the aegis of the intelligence service of the Department of State, supported by the Office of Naval Intelligence which was active on the China coast, and Secretary of War Stimson (who had previously been governor-general of the Philippines and was a friend of Corcoran, Luce, Pawley, United Fruit and Dole Pineapple, and an admirer of Mme. Chiang).

Eventually the AVG got its act together and evolved into the Flying Tigers. When the US declared war on Japan, Chennault was reinstated to the Army Air Corps responsible to General Stilwell. All but a handful of the Flying Tigers refused to re-join the Air Corps and mutinied. The mutiny was kept secret until the late 1970s.

They were disbanded, many returning to America to get on with their lives, others drifting into Chennault’s airlift over the Hump from India to China, during which gold, drugs and diamonds were carried aboard some of the planes. Among those who were eyewitnesses was John D. McDonald, who later became famous as a novelist.

There was a mob of British and American spooks in Chungking and Kunming, where Alsop (given a commission in the US Army) served as Chennault’s mouth-piece to hype the image of the Flying Tigers. The famous name was adopted for all Chennault’s fighter pilots, and was implicit in his choosing the name China Air Transport (CAT) for the OSS subsidized cargo airline Chennault used to smuggle heroin out and weapons into KMT controlled areas. After the Chiangs fled to Taiwan, CAT became Air America.

Who was "Tommy the Cork Corcoran" the original lobbyist and influence peddler ? and notice how he shows up for JFK/LBJ:

http://www.brownalumnimagazine.com/content/view/1773/40/...Tommy the Cork's influence continued for decades. He helped cement the connection between a young Lyndon Johnson and the puissant House Speaker Sam Rayburn, both Texas Democrats. And according to Mutual Contempt, the book on Johnson and Bobby Kennedy written by Jeff Shesol '91, The Cork was among those who fixed the unlikely JFK-Johnson ticket in 1960. At the Democratic Convention in Los Angeles that July, Corcoran caught Kennedy alone in an elevator. With the elevator door slamming repeatedly on his foot, The Cork asked the future president for permission to sound out then-Senate majority leader Johnson over the vice presidency.

Kennedy gave him the green light. "Tommy," he said, "you have peculiar abilities." This was just the sort of compliment Corcoran relished. "He liked people to think that he could do the impossible," says Tom Corcoran Jr. "Power - that's what he liked the best."

http://www.smokershistory.com/Corcoran.htm...1954 United Fruit Co. coup in Guatemala"The US, headed by John Peurifoy, the new US Ambassador to Guatemala, and Frank Wisner, the CIA's operations chief on Guatemala, implemented an elaborate plan entitled 'Operation Success' (a name quite indicative of the US feelings toward the mission) that included pirating a radio show that blocked the airways called the 'Voice of Liberation,' Armas attack on villages and trains, US pilots bombing Guatemala City, and Peurifoy demanding Arbenz resignation. All the while, the US claimed to have no intervention in Guatemalan affairs....

Thomas Corcoran (head of UFCO's Washington lobbyists) was old friends with Franklin Roosevelt and William Bedell Smith. Sought an executive job with UFCO while helping plan the coup (he was later named to its board of directors." (US Backed Coup d'Etat in '54 Leads to Military Regime in Guatemala: Thousands Killed, by Al Ferkel. Chart, Connections between UFCo and US Gov't during the US backed coup d'etat. Moravian University forum. Link dead.)

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/JFKcorcoran.htm...Corcoran also became involved in advising Franklin D. Roosevelt over foreign policy. Although he had liberal views on domestic issues, Corcoran was passionately anti-communist. This was partly because of his Roman Catholicism. Roosevelt initially favoured giving help to the Republican government in Spain. However, Corcoran was a supporter of the fascist movement led by General Francisco Franco. ...Corcoran knew that Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini would continue to provide both men and arms to Francisco Franco. Roosevelt's decision enabled fascism to win in Spain and become entrenched in Europe. Roosevelt later told his cabinet that he had made a "grave mistake" with respect to neutrality in the Spanish Civil War.

Roosevelt was angry with Tommy Corcoran over his advice on Spain. He also began to see that Corcoran was becoming a problem for the administration. He had upset a lot of powerful figures in Congress with his arm twisting tactics. Corcoran had also tried to unseat those who attempted to resist Franklin D. Roosevelt. For example, Walter George of Georgia claimed that Corcoran had the "power of saying who shall be a senator and who shall not be a senator."...Roosevelt believed that the best way of stopping Japanese imperialism in Asia was to arm the Chinese government of Chiang Kai-shek. However, Congress was opposed to this idea as it was feared that this help might trigger a war with Japan. Therefore, Roosevelt's plan was for Corcoran to establish a private corporation to provide assistance to the nationalist government in China. Roosevelt even supplied the name of the proposed company, China Defense Supplies. He also suggested that his uncle, Frederick Delano, should be co-chairman of the company. Chiang nominated his former finance minister, Tse-ven Soong, as the other co-chairman.

For reasons of secrecy, Corcoran took no title other than outside counsel for China Defense Supplies. William S. Youngman was his frontman in China. Corcoran's friend, Whitey Willauer, was moved to the Foreign Economic Administration, where he supervised the sending of supplies to China. In this way Corcoran was able to create an Asian Lend-Lease program.

Corcoran also worked closely with Claire Lee Chennault, who had been working as a military adviser to Chiang Kai-shek since 1937. Chennault told Corcoran that if he was given the resources, he could maintain an air force within China that could carry out raids against the Japanese. Corcoran returned to the United States and managed to persuade Franklin D. Roosevelt to approve the creation of the American Volunteer Group.

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Postwar, Pawley was an active member of the Republican Party. A close friend of both President Dwight Eisenhower and Central Intelligence Agency director Allen W. Dulles, he took part in a policy that later become known as Executive Action, a plan to remove unfriendly foreign leaders from power.

Pawley played a role Operation PBSUCCESS, a CIA plot to overthrow the Guatemalan government of Jacobo Arbenz in 1954 after Arbenz introduced land reforms and nationalized the United Fruit Company.

Pawley is thought to have served [the CIA] in Peru, Brazil, Panama, Guatemala, Cuba and Nicaragua between 1945 and 1960.

Nestor D. Sanchez, 83, a retired CIA officer and Defense Department official whose early intelligence career involved clandestine operations in Latin America, died of congestive heart failure Jan. 18 at his home in Buckeystown, Md.

Mr. Sanchez retired from the CIA in 1981 after three decades of service. Most of his time at the agency involved top-secret covert actions, including bloody 1954 coups in Guatemala and a 1960s plot to assassinate Cuban leader Fidel Castro. Mr. Sanchez was also closely connected to former Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega, a onetime CIA paid informant.

In his later career, Mr. Sanchez was a deputy assistant secretary of defense for Latin American affairs during the Reagan administration. He specialized in providing Central American countries with U.S. military aid and funding.

At the time of his retirement, Mr. Sanchez was said by federal investigators to have been linked to illegal U.S. arms deals to the so-called "contras," anti-Sandinista rebels who were fighting the left-wing government in Nicaragua.

In the ensuing scandal, which came to be known as the Iran-Contra affair, Mr. Sanchez said that he was aware of the arms shipments but that he didn't know their origin. He was never accused of wrongdoing.

Mr. Sanchez joined the CIA in 1952. His first assignment for the agency was as a field intelligence officer during the Korean War, where he recruited defectors to infiltrate North Korea....A New Mexico native and fluent Spanish speaker, Mr. Sanchez was sent to Central America to help engineer the 1954 coup against the left-leaning Guatemalan government of Jacobo Arbenz Guzman

Beginning in the early 1960s, Mr. Sanchez sharpened his focus on CIA operations in Cuba.

...on Nov. 22, 1963, Mr. Sanchez gave Cubela a hypodermic syringe filled with poison and camouflaged as a writing pen. But the assassination attempt never took place, and CIA officials later suspected that Cubela was a double agent.

Mr. Sanchez later worked in Venezuela, Guatemala, Colombia and Spain before retiring from the CIA as chief of the Latin American division. ...He was 1950 graduate of the New Mexico Military Institute and later received a master's degree in geopolitics from Georgetown University [US Spook U ]

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Sir William Samuel Stephenson, CC, MC, DFC (January 23, 1897 – January 31, 1989) was a Canadian soldier, airman, businessman, inventor, spymaster, and the senior representative of British intelligence for the entire western hemisphere during World War II.

He is best-known by his wartime intelligence codename Intrepid. Many people consider him to be one of the real-life inspirations for James Bond.[2] Ian Fleming himself once wrote, "James Bond is a highly romanticized version of a true spy. The real thing is ... William Stephenson." [3...After World War II began (and over the objections of Sir Stewart Menzies, wartime head of British intelligence) now-Prime Minister Winston Churchill sent Stephenson to the United States on June 21, 1940, to covertly establish and run British Security Coordination (BSC) in New York City, over a year before U.S. entry into the war.

BSC, with headquarters at Room 3603 Rockefeller Center, became an umbrella organization that by war's end represented the British intelligence agencies MI5, MI6 (the Secret Intelligence Service, or SIS), SOE (Special Operations Executive) and PWE (Political Warfare Executive) throughout North America, South America and the Caribbean.[citation needed]

Stephenson's initial directives for BSC were to 1) investigate enemy activities; 2) institute security measures against sabotage to British property; and 3) organize American public opinion in favor of aid to Britain.

Later this was expanded to include "the assurance of American participation in secret activities throughout the world in the closest possible collaboration with the British". Stephenson's official title was British Passport Control Officer. His unofficial mission was to create a secret British intelligence network throughout the western hemisphere, and to operate covertly and broadly on behalf of the British government and the Allies in aid of winning the war.

He also became Churchill's personal representative to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.[citation needed]

Stephenson was soon a close adviser to Roosevelt, and suggested that he put Stephenson's good friend William J. "Wild Bill" Donovan in charge of all U.S. intelligence services.

Donovan founded the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which in 1947 would become the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).

As senior representative of British intelligence in the western hemisphere, Stephenson was one of the few persons in the hemisphere who were authorized to view raw Ultra transcripts of German Enigma ciphers that had been decrypted at Britain's Bletchley Park facility. He was trusted by Churchill to decide what Ultra information to pass along to various branches of the U.S. and Canadian governments.[citation needed]

This fascinating book describes the birth and early years of Allied secret operations during World War 2. The narrative centers around one man, William Stephenson (or INTREPID if you prefer his codename), a Canadian man of many (and considerable) talents who held the ear of both Churchill and Roosevelt. ...There was the story of the "famed Hungarian astrologer" who toured the world predicting Hitler's doom but was actually a hired hand of the BSC and OSS. Documents were forged on typewriters that were constructed to have flaws identical to those seen in stolen papers originating from particular Nazi offices. The list goes on and on...

http://education.davidspencer.ca/wiki/William_Stephenson...William Stephenson, "The Quiet Canadian," became the model for "M" in Ian Fleming's James Bond series of espionage books and Hollywood movies. He was a World War I pilot decorated for shooting down 20 enemy aircraft, inventor of the wirephoto transmitter - forerunner of the fax machines - coordinator of British and American spy intelligence during World War II....Born at Point Douglas, near Winnipeg, in 1896 and educated in that city, he became a commissioned officer in the Royal Canadian Engineers during the War of 1914-18, was gassed in the trench warfare of France, and earned the Military Cross for bravery. That might have been war career enough, but young Stephenson went on into the Royal Flying Corps.

As a fighter pilot, he shot down 20 German planes, winning the Distinguished Flying Cross and the French Croix de Guerre for his exploits. Forced to bale out over enemy lines, he was taken and held prisoner till war’s end. Once more, no dull life. It was at least quieter back in Canada afterward at the University of Manitoba, yet there he invented the wire photo and then his radio method of transmitting pictures without telephone or telegraph wires which he took to England in 1921 to develop and sell for newspaper use. Success came in 1924 when the first radio-transmitted photograph appeared in the London Daily Mail, thanks to equipment invented by Stephenson....Now well established in business in Britain, he acquired links with firms such as Aero Engines Ltd., General Aircraft, and Pressed Steels Co., while keeping up his interests in radio and film. In brief, he grew wealthy and influential, and gained ready access to inner political circles in London. And while travelling across Europe for his business purposes, he keenly observed German preparations for war during the 1930s and reported his findings to the British government. ...his reports were taken seriously by that government as the war of 1939-45 approached. It was not surprising, therefore, that in 1940 Britain’s new prime minister, Winston Churchill, chose Stephenson to direct British Security Co-ordination in the Western Hemisphere, Britain’s overseas counterspy organization, headquartered in New York. ...He got on well with his American counterparts in dealing with joint security matters, especially after the United States declared war on Germany and Japan late in 1941.

In his charge, the B.S.C. office monitored transatlantic mails and broke enemy letter codes (passing on to the Americans relevant information that resulted in the exposure of enemy spy activities in the United States), helped protect against dangers of sabotage American factories producing munitions for the war, and, as well, set up “Camp X” near Oshawa, Ontario, to train Allied agents for re-entry into German-held Europe. All these endeavours, and more, were widely effective, with much of the credit owed to Stephenson

In London, Stephenson re-established contact with William Gladstone Murray, a Canadian former fighter pilot who became Director of the Public Relations for the BBC. To make radio more popular, accessible and successful, they agreed that there was a need for reliable, reasonably priced receivers suitable for home use by people with little or no interest in the technology of radio reception. Staphenson decided to satisfy this requirement and started his radio empire with the purchase of controlling interest in the General Radio Company. ...He was also associated with the development of the Spitfire, the fighter plane which was to achieve such success in the defense of Britain in the early part of the war.

Stephenson diversified into coal mining, oil refining, steel fabrication and other industries, trading on a world wide basis. He had many dealings with Germany and as early as 1933 he was expressing concerns about Hitler and the developments in Nazi Germany.

Stephenson provided Winston Churchill with much of the data acquired on Germany's developing advanced communication systems and on the millions of pounds being spent on armaments. This information was presented to Neville Chamberlain by Churchill, in the form of questions in the House. lt had bean acquired in the course of normal business research by Stephenson's companies, but it was William Stephenson who had recognized the significance.

Stephenson had become friends with H. G. Wells who predicted the future wars would be like the science fiction of the 1930s, and the primary defense would be information obtained and distributed rapidly. We saw this situation in Desert Storm, but sixty years ago it was conjecture. Stephenson agreed with Wells' concept and was concerned when he saw or heard about secret communication developments in Germany. ENIGMA, the German coding machine for messages was in use in 1934. It was several years before the coding system was solved. Stephenson had commercial connections with ITT which manufactured communications systems for the Nazis. It was this contact which made him aware of Enigma soon after its introduction. ...

The scope of Stephenson's wartime activities will be the subject of future meetings of the Intrepid Society and I will not dwell on them. Suffice it to say that he was involved in directing and/or participating in special operations, espionage, political manoeuvre and intrigue, politics, counter-intelligenca and the efforts to encourage the USA to enter the war.

All of these activities were motivated by a patriotic loyalty to the Allied cause. This was a the outward manifestation of his support and belief in the British Commonwealth, positive attitude and respect for the United States and commitment to freedom and service to all the peoples of the world.

At the conclusion of hostilities, Stephenson received further recognition for the work which he had done during the war. There were many arrangements to be made for prominent individuals and issues to be investigated. Consequently the New York Office did not close until 9 months after the Japanese surrendered in August 1945. However, prior to that, Stephenson had been presented with a knighthood by King George VI, announced in the King's New Year's Honour List in January 1945.

After closing the New York office, Stephenson was still recognised in the US as a major contributor to the Allied success in 1945. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit the highest honour available to a civilian. This was signed by President Truman, and was in recognition of the assistance given by the British intelligence and special operations unit in developing the American agency....Stephenson moved to Jamaica and semi-retirement. However he was still in contact with many prominent political and financial leaders and in the late 1940s and early 1950s he was involved with an international trading group, the British-American-Canadian Corporation, later known as the World Commerce Corporation, a group heavily involved in rehabilitation and development of national economies which had suffered, or been deprived of markets during the war. It particularly promoted barter trade

Although Stephenson was knighted by King George VI and awarded the US Medal for Merit, not much was known about his war services until the publication of H. Montgomery Hyde's The Quiet Canadian (1962). William Stevenson (no relative to Stephenson) later published 2 books about him,A Man Called Intrepid (1977) and Intrepid's Last Case (1983)....

Born in the Point Douglas area of Winnipeg, Manitoba, he left school at a young age. In 1916 he volunteered for the 101st Battalion (Winnipeg Light Infantry), CEF. He earned a field promotion to Sergeant and a medal for battling in the trenches before he turned 19.

While recovering from being gassed in 1916, Stephenson learned to fly and then transferred to the British Royal Flying Corps on August 16, 1917. Posted to 73 Squadron on February 9, 1918, Stephenson flew the British Sopwith Camel fighter biplane and scored twelve victories, among them was Lothar von Richthofen, the younger brother of the famous Red Baron, before he was shot down and captured by the Germans on July 28, 1918.

By the end of World War I he had achieved the rank of Captain and earned the Distinguished Flying Cross and the Military Cross.

Operating out of a suite in Rockefeller Center in New York, Sir William sometimes served as a go-between for Churchill and Roosevelt and was sent potential American intelligence agents for training at secret bases in Canada.

Helped Organize O.S.S. He also helped in the organization of the United States' wartime intelligence operation, the Office of Strategic Services, whose head, Maj. Gen. William J. (Wild Bill) Donovan, later said: 'Bill Stephenson taught us all we ever knew about foreign intelligence.''

http://www.amazon.com/quiet-Canadian-service-Stephenson-Intrepid/dp/0094687803The quiet Canadian: The secret service story of Sir William Stephenson (Intrepid) [Paperback]...This 1962 book has a Foreword by Ian Fleming ("James Bond is not in fact a hero, but an efficient and not very attractive blunt instrument in the hands of government ... a highly romanticized version of the true spy") who first met William Stephenson ("A Man Called Intrepid") when he was on a mission to Washington in 1941. Stephenson was sent to New York in 1940 to protect British shipping of war material (and to gather information on enemy activities for appropriate counter-measures), and to promote public opinion in favor of American intervention on the side of Britain. Any offensive actions would have to remain secret. This was part of Economic Warfare.

Chapter 2 documents the important political decisions made at the time by President Roosevelt and others in 1940. Fifty coal burning destroyers were sent to Britain at a critical time. The Sperry bomb-sight was leased after they learned the Germans had the plans.

Chapter 3 tells of the propaganda campaign to discredit isolationists and Nazi supporters, and the methods used to cripple or harass German officials. Censorship of the mails was used to track down spies and saboteurs. ...Chapter 6 tells of the OSS during WW2. Stephenson did everything to help Donovan get the position. The new organization faced two bureaucratic rivals: the FBI, and the military intelligence departments. It was mainly through the assistance of BSC that they survived.

Intelligence and other trained experts were put at Donovan's disposal. It explains how a short-wave station in Boston was used to broadcast propaganda.

SourcesBritish-born Canadian author William Stevenson (no relation) wrote a 1976 book A Man Called Intrepid about Stephenson. There are doubts about the veracity of much of what he wrote.

Nigel West in Counterfeit Spies casts doubt on much of Stevenson's account; the award of the Croix de Guerre avec Palmes and the Legion d'Honneur - according to West no such record exists of either award.

John Colville (who was one of Churchill's private secretaries) in his 1981 book The Churchillians took issue with Stevenson's description of Stephenson's relationship with Churchill during the war. He pointed out that Stephenson was not Churchill's personal liaison with Roosevelt, that in fact (as is well known) the two men corresponded directly and constantly. Indeed Colville never heard Churchill speak of Stephenson at all.

There are however numerous other references to the Stephenson-Churchill connection in, for example, Maclean’s magazine December 1, 1952, The Times October 21, 1962 and many references to the relationship in Hyde’s biography The Quiet Canadian (1962). Churchill was still alive.

British/Soviet double agent Kim Philby refers to Stephenson as a friend of Churchill in his book My Silent War. Stephenson’s personal secretary and personal cipher clerks talk of Stephenson-Churchill communication in the book

The True Intrepid and in the documentary Secret Secretaries. There is chapter on the relationship in CIA historian Thomas Troy's Wild Bill and Intrepid.

Controversial historian David Irving in Churchill’s War reveals evidence of a secret communications link between Roosevelt and Churchill that was run by the FBI but controlled through Stephenson’s office.

There are references to this link in The True Intrepid. A dinner in Stevenson's book at Lord Beaverbrook's house in May or June 1940 is highly doubtful too. Colville described the printed letter of invitation from Churchill as clearly an invention, since Churchill was punctilious and never called Beaverbrook "the beaver", and for obvious reasons never signed himself W.C. Lord Trenchard is described discussing his fighter aircraft, where in fact it had been 10 years since Trenchard held a RAF post.

Colville's conclusion was to hope that Stevenson's book was not ever "used for the purpose of historical reference." In the papers of William Stevenson at the University of Regina there is only one reference to the Beaverbrook dinner. Stephenson cables the author that he did not recall the exact date of the gathering decades before, and there is no mention of him receiving a written note invitation. (Macdonald page 372, Troy page 237) I

n a foreword to Richard Dunlop's Donovan, Stephenson writes he received a telephone invitation to the dinner and he refers to "Boom Trenchard of RAF and Scotland Yard fame."

Intrepid's Last Case chronicles the post-World War II activities of Sir William Stephenson, whose fascinating role in helping to defeat the Nazis was the subject of the worldwide best-seller A Man Called Intrepid.

Sir William Stephenson still stood at the center of events when he and author William Stevenson discussed in the 1980s an investigation into sudden allegations that Intrepid's wartime aide, Dick Ellis, has been both a Soviet mole and a Nazi spy. They concluded that the rumors grew, ironically, from Intrepid's last wartime case involving the first major Soviet intelligence defector of the new atomic age: Igor Gouzenko. Intrepid saved Gouzenko and found him sanctuary inside a Canadian spy school, Camp X. Gouzenko was about to make more devastating disclosures than those concerning atomic espionage when the case was mysteriously terminated and Intrepid's organization dissolved.

Unraveling the implications of Gouzenko's defection and Intrepid's removal from the case, tracing the steps of Dick Ellis and disclosing much new information regarding United States and Canadian postwar intelligence activities, Intrepid's Last Case is a story that for sheer excitement rivals the best spy fiction-and is all the more important because every word is true.

Filled with never-before-revealed facts on the Soviet-Western nuclear war dance and a compelling portrayal of the mind of a professional spy, Intrepid's Last Case picks up where the first book ended, at the very roots of the cold war. It describes one of the most widespread cover-ups and bizarre betrayals in intelligence history. (6 x 9, 356 pages)

The true story of Winnipeg born William Stephenson (known as 'Intrepid'), his career, and the secret World War II espionage organization, British Security Coordination, which he established in the heart of New York City.Truth can be elusive - especially during wartime. Regarded as a founder of the CIA by the organization's own historians, Stephenson has remained a mysterious figure.

http://www.biographicon.com/view/9uw2i...On May 2, 2000 CIA Executive Director David W. Carey, representing Director of Central Intelligence George Tenet and Deputy Director of Central Intelligence John A. Gordon, accepted a bronze maquette (replica) statuette of Sir William Stephenson, which was given to the CIA by the Intrepid Society of Winnipeg, Manitoba.

In his remarks, Carey said: Sir William Stephenson played a key role in the creation of the CIA. He realized early on that America needed a strong intelligence organization and lobbied contacts close to President Roosevelt to appoint a U.S. "coordinator" to oversee FBI and military intelligence. He urged that the job be given to William J. 'Wild Bill' Donovan, who had recently toured British defenses and gained the confidence of Prime Minister Winston Churchill. Although Roosevelt didn't establish exactly what Sir William had in mind, the organization created represented a revolutionary step in the history of American intelligence. Donovan's Office of Strategic Services (OSS) was the first 'central' U.S. intelligence service. OSS worked closely with and learned from Sir William and other Canadian and British officials during the war. A little later, these OSS officers formed the core of the CIA. Intrepid may not have technically been the father of CIA, but he's certainly in our lineage someplace.

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Sir William Stephenson still stood at the center of events when he and author William Stevenson discussed in the 1980s an investigation into sudden allegations that Intrepid's wartime aide, Dick Ellis, has been both a Soviet mole and a Nazi spy.

They concluded that the rumors grew, ironically, from Intrepid's last wartime case involving the first major Soviet intelligence defector of the new atomic age: Igor Gouzenko. Intrepid saved Gouzenko and found him sanctuary inside a Canadian spy school, Camp X. Gouzenko was about to make more devastating disclosures than those concerning atomic espionage when the case was mysteriously terminated and Intrepid's organization dissolved.

Unraveling the implications of Gouzenko's defection and Intrepid's removal from the case, tracing the steps of Dick Ellis and disclosing much new information regarding United States and Canadian postwar intelligence activities, Intrepid's Last Case is a story that for sheer excitement rivals the best spy fiction-and is all the more important because every word is true

Quote

Assistant Secretary of State Adolf Berle did, though he was misled by Ellis's cover name, as he passed this explosive information on to Sumner Welles [remember him] : "For your confidential information, the really active head of the intelligence section in Donovan's group is Mr. Elliot, who is assistant to Mr. Stevenson [sic]. In other words, Stevenson's assistant in The British intelligence is running Donovan's intelligence service." (Mahl, pp. 18-19)

As any student of the Kennedy assassination well knows, there is endless discussion of the CIA in the literature of the case, but as I observed early on there is not much of value written about what the CIA actually is, where it came from, or who it serves. So a few years ago I decided to do a little digging and I eventually ended up presenting some of my findings in a talk to our local JFK research group that I called "A History of the Origins of the CIA."

One of the biggest surprises in my re-searching was to learn about a career officer in the British Secret Intelligence Service (SIS) by the name of Dick Ellis (1895-1975), who it was claimed, was actually running the two predecessor American organizations to the CIA, the Coordinator of Information office (1941-42) and the Office of Strategic Services (1942-45) for the official head, William Donovan. And that was only the first of the big surprises.

One also learns that Dick Ellis, an Australian who joined the SIS in the mid 1920s, was later subjected to an investigation and hostile interrogation in the UK to determine if he was a traitor of major proportions, who, it was claimed, spied for the Germans before and during World War II and later for the Soviet Union.

The information I had on this at the time contained in Thomas Troy's book Wild Bill and Intrepid: Donovan, Stephenson, and the Origin of the CIA and Thomas Mahl's Desperate Deception: British Covert Operations in the United States, 1939-44, was limited and inconclusive so I made a mental note to check later to see if there might be something further in the ?spycatcher? books about Ellis.

Well, I now have done a little more checking, and is there ever!

The most detailed exposure of the Dick Ellis story that I am aware of appeared in the 1981 book by Chapman Pincher, Their Trade is Treachery, and there is also much important coverage in Peter Wright's Spycatcher.

This is a long and complex story and there is one more important source that I want to check on before going into any more detail so I will let this much serve as a little introduction.

More to follow. Shortly, I hope.

I also hope to write up a little "Forefathers of the CIA" sketch about Dick Ellis's boss during World War II, Sir William Stephenson, the famous "Man Called Intrepid," who is of course a major part of the story. There is also some great later information on him that I wasn't aware of either.

Ron Williams Last edited by Ron Williams; 03-17-2009 at 11:51 AM.

My Interest in Dick Ellis: The Books

I guess one way to attempt to explain how I got interested in Dick Ellis is to recount how the first four of the main source books came into my hands, all on the same day, and to present an extensive quote from one of them. The books are:

Wild Bill and Intrepid: Donovan, Stephenson, and the Origin of the CIA, by Thomas F. Troy, 1996

Desperate Deception: British Covert Operations in the United States, 1939-44, by Thomas E. Mahl, 1998

Room 3603: The Story of the British Intelligence Center in New York during World War II, by H. Montgomery Hyde, 1962 (with a forward by Ian Fleming, published in Canada and the UK as The Quiet Canadian)

British Security Coordination: The Secret History of British Intelligence in the Americas, 1940-45, written for Sir William Stephenson by various BSC staff members, 1945

Some seven or eight years ago when I was hoping to find some background on the origins of the CIA I stopped into a used book store that I frequented at the time and asked the cashier if they had a section on intelligence and espionage and he pointed me to a shelf in a section of the store that I had overlooked in previous visits. There in close proximity to one another were the above listed four books. What they contained was beyond anything I had imagined, and here specifically is what got me interested in Dick Ellis:

The influence of British Security Coordination in America to involve the United States in World War II and to prepare the United States to participate in war is impressive, even startling.

In the (Ernest) Cuneo Papers at the Franklin Roosevelt Library is an article written by Cuneo that, while its main purpose was to defend Cuneo's friend Dick Ellis from charges of being a Soviet mole, captures a telling fact known to few people: British intelligence created William Donovan's COI/OSS.

If the charge against Ellis is true,? wrote Cuneo, "it would mean that the OSS, and to some extent its successor, the CIA, in effect was a branch of the Soviet KGB."

Cuneo is not the only insider to say bluntly that credit must fall to William Stephenson's organization for the conception and establishment of the COI. Stephenson cabled this to London in mid-June 1941: Donovan accuses me of having 'intrigued and driven' him into appointment. You can imagine how relieved I am after three months of battle and jockeying for position in Washington that our man is in a position of such importance to our efforts.?

Not only were the British the primary force in the conception and creation of the COI, which later became the OSS and whose pieces were finally reconstructed in the CIA, but a British officer, Dick Ellis, then ran the organization.

This was done in the deepest secrecy, because as Winston Churchill's personal intelligence assistant, Major Desmond Morton, wrote, "It is of course essential that this fact not be known in view of the furious uproar it would cause if known to the Isolationists."

The isolationists never caught on, but Assistant Secretary of State Adolf Berle did, though he was misled by Ellis's cover name, as he passed this explosive information on to Sumner Welles [remember him] : "For your confidential information, the really active head of the intelligence section in Donovan's group is Mr. Elliot, who is assistant to Mr. Stevenson [sic]. In other words, Stevenson's assistant in The British intelligence is running Donovan's intelligence service." (Mahl, pp. 18-19)I had read the two Intrepid books when they first came out, but I had almost no background at the time to help me appreciate what was in the second one, Intrepid?s Last Case (1983). Only now in a rereading did I learn its main purpose was an attempt by Sir William Stephenson to clear Dick Ellis?s name eight years after his death. (More on this later.)

In the last week and a half or so I also skimmed through A Man Called Intrepid, and read for the first time Spycather, Their Trade is Treachery, and a great and startling book that I had not been aware of at all, The True Intrepid: Sir William Stephenson and the Unknown Agents that was written in 1998 by Bill Macdonald, a Canadian from Sir William?s home town of Winnipeg.

As I am not sure how to get to the end of this, I will leave it here for now, and attempt to put together a basic biographical sketch of Dick Ellis in the next post.

Foreword by Ian Fleming. Story of the New York branch of British intelligence known as the British Security Coordination during WWII. Based on the papers of Sir William Stephenson, director of the office. The author was also a member of the BSC.

Chapters include: Spies, saboteurs and propagandists, the Vichy French, Special operations, COI and OSS. Lots of fascinating 'inside stories' and accounts of famous figures such as J. Edgar Hoover, Klaus Fuchs, Louis de Wohl (Hitler's astrologer,) Bill Donovan, and the spy known only as "Cynthia." I found the material on South American operations particularly interesting. Enough inspiration here for lots of movies! 257 pages, bibliography and index.

ELLIS, CHARLES HOWARD (1895-1975), soldier and intelligence officer, was born on 13 February 1895 at Annandale, Sydney, second son of English-born parents William Edward Ellis, clothing manufacturer, and his wife Lillian Mary, née Hobday. After Lillian died in 1898, William took his sons to Brisbane and Launceston, Tasmania, before settling in Melbourne about 1902. Completing his education at Stott & Hoare's Business College, young Ellis worked for the booksellers, Melville & Mullen Pty Ltd, and played oboe with the Royal Melbourne Philharmonic Society. He sailed to Britain in June 1914, intending to study there....

Having visited Melbourne in 1920, he began a course in Russian at St Edmund Hall, Oxford, England. In 1922-23 he was a captain, Territorial Army Reserve, based in Constantinople on intelligence work. At the British High Commission on 12 April 1923 he married a 17-year-old White Russian, Elizabeth (Lilia) Zelensky; they were to have a son before being divorced. In December Ellis became British vice-consul in Berlin: there and elsewhere he maintained surveillance on White Russians fabricating intelligence documents for the British Special (Secret) Intelligence Service (M.I.6) and probably joined the S.I.S. at this time. By 1926 he was employed by the British Chamber of Commerce in Vienna; as a journalist with the London Morning Post, he reported from Geneva on sessions of the League of Nations Assembly...Early in World War II, to attract support for Britain's cause and to monitor German activities in the United States of America, the S.I.S. opened the British Security Co-ordination office in New York. Bearing the official title of British consul, Major Ellis was sent to the B.S.C. in 1940 as assistant-director; in 1941 he became head of its Washington office. Some American officials were eager to preserve their country's neutrality and opposed the B.S.C., but the intelligence links it established bore fruit when the U.S.A. entered the war in December.

Next year Ellis was in the Middle East where he worked with R. G. (Baron) Casey, the British minister of state who was based in Cairo. Ellis rejoined the B.S.C. in 1942 as a local colonel and returned to London in August 1944. He was appointed to the U.S. Legion of Merit and C.B.E. in 1946.

Posted that year to the S.I.S.'s Singapore office as field-officer in charge of South-East Asia and the Far East, he retained the post until his retirement in 1953 when he was appointed C.M.G. On 24 August 1954 at the register office, Kensington, London, he married a 48-year-old widow and retired schoolteacher Alexandra Wood, née Surtees (d.1970).

In the 1950s he spent periods in his native-land, assisting with the establishment of the Australian Secret (Intelligence) Service. He also helped to found the journal, Hemisphere (1956), which focussed on Asian-Australian affairs. His publications included The Transcaspian Episode, 1918-1919 (London, 1963), and he frequently contributed to the Journal of the Royal Central Asia Society.

Allegations have been made that 'Dick' Ellis had passed information to German intelligence before and during World War II, and that he could have worked for Soviet intelligence while with the B.S.C. and subsequently.

Experts have dismissed these claims, if only because important information held by Ellis was known not to have been transmitted to the Soviet Union.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpycatcherSpycatcher: The Candid Autobiography of a Senior Intelligence Officer (also Spycatcher), is a book written by Peter Wright, former MI5 officer and Assistant Director, and co-author Paul Greengrass. It was published first in Australia. Its allegations proved scandalous on publication, but more so because the British Government attempted to ban it, ensuring its profit and notoriety

Spycatcher details the author’s work seeking to discover a Soviet mole in MI5, and that the said mole was Roger Hollis — a former MI5 Director General; it also describes people who might have or might not have been the mole; and renders a history of MI5 by chronicling its principal officers, from the 1930s to his time in service.

Moreover, Spycatcher tells of the MI6 plot to assassinate President Nasser during the Suez Crisis; of joint MI5-CIA plotting against left-wing British Prime Minister Harold Wilson (secretly accused of being a KGB agent by the Soviet defector Anatoliy Golitsyn); and of MI5’s eavesdropping on high-level Commonwealth conferences....The concepts and use of Public Key Infrastructure were discovered by British scientists in GCHQ in 1969 with Ellis. After the re-discovery and commercial use of PKI by Rivest, Shamir, Diffie and others, the British government considered releasing the records of GCHQ's successes in this field...

The primary case around which Spycatcher is based, that the Director General of MI5 - Roger Hollis - was a Russian spy, is brought up-to-date by Chapman, Pincher (2009), Treachery: Betrayals, Blunders, and Cover-ups: Six Decades of Espionage Against America and Great Britain. New York: Random House

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Hollis...Pincher claims Hollis was recruited by Richard Sorge in China in the early 1930s to spy for the GRU. Little evidence has been advanced to support these assertions

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Intrepid's last wartime case involving the first major Soviet intelligence defector of the new atomic age: Igor Gouzenko. Intrepid saved Gouzenko and found him sanctuary inside a Canadian spy school, Camp X. Gouzenko was about to make more devastating disclosures than those concerning atomic espionage when the case was mysteriously terminated and Intrepid's organization dissolved.

Igor Gouzenko on television, 1966. Over half of the convictions under the Official Secrets Act were a result of Gouzenko's defection (courtesy NAC/PA-129625)....He” was Igor Gouzenko, a cipher clerk at the Soviet embassy in Ottawa, and it was September 6, 1945, the day after he left the embassy carrying 109 secret documents under his shirt. Soviet agents had come to take him in. Gouzenko was protected by his Canadian neighbour, who got him and his family to safety, called the police and told the agents when they returned that the Gouzenkos were away.

Gouzenko asserted that the USSR maintained an extensive spy ring in Canada, aimed mostly at obtaining atomic secrets. Furthermore, Gouzenko warned, the Soviets were not allies but were planning world domination. Gouzenko’s revelations shattered the innocence of the naïve Canadian populace.

His defection initiated the Cold War between the Soviets and the West and led to the creation of NATO and the Warsaw Pact.

Gouzenko’s autobiography This Was My Choice details Russian life under Stalin. The conditions young Igor faced are unfathomable to most Canadians. Deprivation and poverty took its toll on the Soviet people. They were worn down by the cruelty and tyranny of the Communist government whose history, written in the blood of its people, comprises purges, concentration camps, mass executions and torture. ...Gouzenko was transferred to Intelligence Headquarters in Moscow, where he observed a network of Communist spooks from all over the world. He was sent to Ottawa in 1943. In Canada he found a land of plenty, a land he did not want to leave when he learned he would be sent back to Moscow. He also discovered the extensive spy ring operated by Colonel Zabotin.

Code name “Clark.” A Soviet cipher clerk in Ottawa, Canada who defected in September 1945. Guzenko was born in a village in the Moscow region and studied at Moscow Architectural Institute and at the Military Engineering Academy. After graduating from cipher clerk training school in April 1942, he began work as a cipher clerk at GRU headquarters in Moscow.

In August 1943, Guzenko was posted to Ottawa as a cipher clerk in the office of the Soviet military attaché in Canada, who was also a resident of the GRU.

On September 5, 1945, Guzenko defected with documentation he had hidden away in preparation for his defection. The evidence he provided revealed Soviet espionage penetration in Canada, with leads to Great Britain and the United States, and led to arrests and espionage prosecutions with 18 convictions in Canada.

Guzenko and his family were given another identity and settled in Canada. For years, however, Guzenko remained in the public eye, appearing in photos and on television with a hood over his head.

On 5th September 1945, Gouzenko defected to the West claiming he had evidence of an Soviet spy ring based in Britain. The case was passed on to Kim Philby, head of Section IX (Soviet Affairs) of MI6. He suggested that Gouzenko should be interviewed by Roger Hollis of MI5.

Gouzenko provided evidence that led to the arrest of 22 local agents and 15 Soviet spies in Canada. Information from Gouzenko resulted in the arrest and conviction of Klaus Fuchs and Allan Nunn May.

Gouzenko also claimed that there was a Soviet agent inside MI5. However, he was later to argue that Hollis showed little interest in this evidence. "The mistake in my opinion in dealing with this matter was that the task of finding the agent was given to MI5 itself. The results even beforehand could be expected to be nil."

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

I hope I'm not off base on this, but I was told and at one time had information that two Japenese emissarys with a declaration of war were detained, not allowed access, etc in possession of a declaration of war,days before Pearl Harbor. Some guy said , show me who profits from the war and we can stop war, or words to that effect. Power, money, prestige, nobility, royalty, dynamic egos, etc. is all the sametub of Shiiiite.

I hope I'm not off base on this, but I was told and at one time had information that two Japenese emissarys with a declaration of war were detained, not allowed access, etc in possession of a declaration of war,days before Pearl Harbor. Some guy said , show me who profits from the war and we can stop war, or words to that effect. Power, money, prestige, nobility, royalty, dynamic egos, etc. is all the sametub of Shiiiite.

I seem to remember seeing somewhere that the delagation was delayed (possibly by HULL).

Notice they did everything they could to get the Japanese to strike the U.S. and not the U.S.S.R, First. If you go back into it, via Sorge spies, et.al the U.S.S.R already knew that Japan had been convinced at least to wait and prepare a strike against the U.S. in June 1941. Hitler knew too, and unleashed a Blitzkreig of tanks against the U.S.S.R. in June 22 1941,

Hitler's plan was for the Japanese to strike against the U.S.S.R. to create a two front war against them ((for Good or Bad) They might have won) But all the pre-war espionage pushed Japan to go South and East against the U.S. and the Philipines/Indonesa... Hitler continued to ask Japan to attack the U.S.S.R. to create the two front war against the U.S.S.R but the Sorge spy ring was too influential.

On November 25, 1941, twelve days before Pearl Harbor, Lattimore dispatched an anxious cable to Currie in the White House arguing against a proposed diplomatic understanding between the United States and Japan. When Congress later investigated the Pearl Harbor attack,

U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull testified that he took a tough line with the Japanesebecause of this cable from Lattimore to Currie reporting on Chinese morale in the Kuomintang. This cable was the only documentary evidence Hull presented which influenced his decision to reverse himself and send the ultimatum to Japan.

Well, you two Ambassadors have exerted superhuman efforts but, in spite of this, the United States has gone ahead and presented this humiliating proposal. This was quite unexpected and extremely regrettable. The Imperial Government can by no means use it as a basis for negotiations. Therefore, with a report of the views of the Imperial Government on this American proposal which I will send you in two or three days, the negotiations will be de facto ruptured. This is inevitable. However, I do not wish you to give the impression that the negotiations are broken off. Merely say to them that you are awaiting instructions and that, although the opinions of your Government are not yet clear to you, to your own way of thinking the Imperial Government has always made just claims and has borne great sacrifices for the sake of peace in the Pacific. Say that we have always demonstrated a long-suffering and conciliatory attitude, but that, on the other hand, the United States has been unbending, making it impossible for Japan to establish negotiations. Since things have come to this pass, I contacted the man you told me to in your #1180 and he said that under the present circumstances what you suggest is entirely unsuitable. From now on do the best you can.

2:28 AM: Pearl Harbor sends en clare radio message to Navy Department, "AIR RAID PEARL HARBOR STOP THIS IS NO DRILL STOP END". (The message was drafted by Rear Admiral Patrick N L Bellinger, Naval Base defence Air Force Commander, 14th Naval District, though it does not seem to have been recorded whether his signature or, for that matter, any signature, was appended to this message.)

3:20 AM: (2:20 PM December 7, Washington time) Japanese emissaries deliver declaration of war to Hull.

U.S.A. President Roosevelt speaks before the US Congress requesting a declaration of war against Japan declares December 7 to be: "a date which will live in infamy." In just eight minutes President Roosevelt today called on the Congress of the United States to declare war on Japan. It took a further 20 minutes for congressmen to vote America into the world conflict.

Logged

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Tahoe. I could rant on this one bro. Just one point, an entire Japanese fleet is not noticed by anyone on the earth or sea. A hawain newspaper ,front page, warned of the Japanese attack, days before. These newspapers were sought out by intell agents and destroyed, though they missed a few, I beleive they can be researched on this site. 911, not a Pearl attack, but a facsile therof.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hull_noteThe Hull note or officially Outline of Proposed Basis for Agreement Between the United States and Japan was the final proposal delivered to the Empire of Japan by the United States before the attack on Pearl Harbor and the declaration of war between the two nations. The note was delivered on November 26, 1941; it is named for Secretary of State Cordell Hull....On November 25 Henry L. Stimson, United States Secretary of War noted in his diary that he had discussed with US President Franklin D. Roosevelt the severe likelihood that Japan was about to launch a surprise attack, and that the question had been "how we should maneuver them [the Japanese] into the position of firing the first shot without allowing too much danger to ourselves.'"[4][5]

On the following day, November 26, 1941, Hull presented the Japanese ambassador with the Hull note, which as one of its conditions demanded the complete withdrawal of all Japanese troops from French Indochina and China. It did not refer to Manchukuo, in which hundreds of thousands of Japanese civilians were already living. Japanese Prime Minister Tojo Hideki said to his cabinet, "this is an ultimatum."[6]

The strike force which attacked Pearl Harbor had set sail the day before, on the morning of November 26, 1941, Japan time. It could have been recalled along the way, but no further diplomatic progress was made and

On 1 December, Emperor Hirohito approved, in Imperial Conference, the war against United States, Britain, and the Netherlands, which began by the attack on Pearl Harbor, Malaya, and the Philippines.[7]

Tahoe. I could rant on this one bro. Just one point, an entire Japanese fleet is not noticed by anyone on the earth or sea. A hawain newspaper ,front page, warned of the Japanese attack, days before. These newspapers were sought out by intell agents and destroyed, though they missed a few, I beleive they can be researched on this site. 911, not a Pearl attack, but a facsile therof.

http://www.ihr.org/jhr/v04/v04p388_Stimely.html...Joseph Leib, a former New Deal bureaucrat and retired newspaper correspondent, wrote an article which appeared in Hustler magazine, "Pearl Harbor: The Story the Rest of the Media Won't Tell," in which he claimed that his friend, Secretary of State Hull, had confided to him on 29 November 1941 that J. Edgar Hoover and FDR knew that the Japanese were going to attack Pearl Harbor withing a few days, and that the President, over Hull's strident objections, was going to let this happen as a way to get the country into war.... Leib's story was not the capstone to the recent revisionist wave...

http://aotearoaawiderperspective.wordpress.com/2008/04/29/explosive-truth-about-pearl-harbor-the-story-the-rest-of-the-media-wont-tell/EXPLOSIVE TRUTH ABOUT PEARL HARBOR: THE STORY THE REST OF THE MEDIA WON’T TELL- JOSEPH LEIB...How could the Japanese fleet sail across the Pacific without detection? Where did Japan obtain the detailed information about the deployment of U.S. forces on Oahu? Why were our ships and planes lined up so neatly together, inviting attack? How could our fighting forces be caught so off-guard? How could they be taken so totally by surprise?...A full week earlier, on November 29, I learned about the impending attack from an unlikely source – Cordell Hull, Roosevelt’s own secretary of state. To put the matter into proper perspective, I should explain how and why Hull came to entrust me with the terrible secret of Pearl Harbor. ...Hull began to talk. His words came slowly at first and then fairly streamed from his mouth. It was as if he could barely wait to pronounce them he was so anxious to tell the story.

I could only sit in startled silence as Hull told me Japan was going to attack Pearl Harbor within a few days, and pulled from his inside coat pocket a transcript of Japanese radio intercepts detailing the plan. Recovering from my shock, I began to question him.

“Why are you telling me this?” I blurted out. “Why don’t you hold a press conference and issue a warning?”

“I don’t know anyone else I can trust,” he replied, shaking his head. “I’ve confided in some of your colleagues in the past, but they’ve always gotten me into hot water. You’ve had the goods on me for months; yet you’ve kept your promise not to publish them. You’re the only one I can turn to.”

“Does the President know the Japs are going to attack Pearl Harbor?”

“Of course he does. He’s fully aware of the plans. So is Hoover at the FBI. Roosevelt and I got into a terrible argument, but he refuses to do anything about it. He wants us in this war, and an attack in Hawaii will give him just the opportunity. That’s why I can’t hold a press conference. I’d be denounced by the White House. No one would believe me!”

(Hull’s allegations about FBI complicity in the coverup were confirmed more than a month after Pearl Harbor. A bylined article by United Press reporter Fred Mullen in the Washington Times-Herald declared, “FBI Told Army Japs Planned Honolulu Raid.” The article explained that the bureau had intercepted a radio-telephone conversation on December 5, which mentioned details of the planned raid. Within hours of publication Hoover pressured the newspaper into pulling the story from its later editions.)

After exacting a promise from me never to reveal where I got the document, Hull gave me a transcript of the Japanese message intercepts. I nearly ran the few short blocks to the National Press Building on 14th Street, where I had an office. I took the elevator up to the United Press bureau and brushed past the clerks and reporters into Lyle Wilson’s private office....The only newspaper in the whole world to use any portion of the story was the Honolulu Advertiser. A front-page banner headline in the paper the morning of Sunday, November 30, “JAPANESE MAY ATTACK OVER WEEKEND!” A subhead noted, “Hawaii Troops Alerted”.

Suspiciously, the story didn’t mention that the target of the Japanese attack would be Pearl Harbor itself. The horrible cost paid for that simple omission is well-known.| -- - -- - -

What I am trying to show (and research the history of) these NWO networks were set up before WWII and continue to this day (post 911)Tell me it ain't so Joe....

Logged

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

T. Our oppinion of these manipulating parasitic rat bastards appears to be on the same channel. Off subject but relevant. I have watched our citizenry cheer GWB after leaving office, cheering, yelling, wiggling the ol flag, the same with Obama, the crowds woooing and cheering. I'm getting old, have agent orange, and time for me is precious, life for me is in fast gear. I admit when I see citizens of this nation applauding these peices of lying garbage I feel a sadness I can't put into words, maby a depression, in any event all I can think of is the masses of innocents genocided, Americas sons killed for profit, and the foundation of this nation being eradicated. I ponder on the future for the young, will they ever know freedom. It brings a tears to my eyes. I stepped into the rabit hole over 40 years ago, its been a long ride.

[Keep in mind that Life was owned and published by Henry Luce and he certainly knew what was going on, he was backing Shek in China while the CFR's are backing Mao. It seems these elites want the same things, ruling the world, there's just a disagreement to the body count and which bodies.

Think about what emboldened Hitler and ToJo and Mussolini. What made them think they could take on the world and murder millions? It started with the Russian revolution and the communist purges, they murdered the czar and anyone that got in there way, then they got in power and murdered more and starved millions of others. That was the story for twenty years in the U.S.S.R. with Lenin/Stalin. So they got away with it. And because they got away with it. These other dictators felt they could do it to. Of course they were encouraged to via Rockefeller/Rothschild financing who just by no coincidence financed the communist revolution in Russia in the first place (Lenin on the train with the gold box cars)... ]

In 1936 publisher Henry Luce paid $92,000 to the owners of Life magazine because he sought the name for Time Inc. ...Life got its own building at 19 West 31st Street, a Beaux-Arts architecture jewel built in 1894 and considered of "outstanding significance" by the New York Landmarks Preservation Commission. Later it moved editorial offices to 9 Rockefeller Plaza.

9 Rockefeller Plaza

Oh and more about "30 Rock" built by Rockefeller in the 1930's DEPRESSION (So what did he see in HIS crystal ball?):

Rockefeller Center or Rockefeller Plaza is a complex of 19 commercial buildings covering 22 acres (89,000 m2) between 48th and 51st streets in New York City, United States. Built by the Rockefeller family, it is located in the center of Midtown Manhattan, spanning the area between Fifth Avenue and Sixth Avenue. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1987...Rockefeller Center was named after John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who leased the space from Columbia University in 1928 and developed it from 1930. Rockefeller initially planned a syndicate to build an opera house for the Metropolitan Opera on the site, but changed his mind after the stock market crash of 1929 and the Metropolitan's continual delays to hold out for a more favorable lease, causing Rockefeller to move forward without them....It was the public relations pioneer Ivy Lee, the prominent adviser to the family, who first suggested the name "Rockefeller Center" for the complex, in 1931. Junior initially did not want the Rockefeller family name associated with the commercial project, but was persuaded on the grounds that the name would attract far more tenants.[8]

What could have become a major controversy in the mid-1930s concerned the last of the four European buildings that remained unnamed. Attempts were made by Ivy Lee and others to rent out the space to German commercial concerns and name it the Deutsches Haus. Junior ruled this out after being advised of Hitler's Nazi march toward World War II, and thus the empty office site became the International Building North.[9]

This subsequently became the primary location of the U.S. operations of British Intelligence, British Security Coordination (BSC) during the War, with Room 3603 becoming the principal operations center for Allied intelligence, organized by William Stephenson, as well as the office of the future head of what was later to become the Central Intelligence Agency, Allen Welsh Dulles.[10]

The Center is a combination of two building complexes: the older and original 14 Art Deco office buildings from the 1930s, and a set of four International-style towers built along the west side of Avenue of the Americas during the 1960s and 1970s (plus the Lehman Brothers Building). (The Time-Life Building, McGraw-Hill and News Corporation/Fox News Channel headquarters are part of the Rockefeller Center extension now owned/managed by the major private real estate firm, Rockefeller Group.)

In 1985, Columbia University sold the land beneath Rockefeller Center to the Rockefeller Group for 400 million dollars.[11]

The entire Rockefeller Center complex was purchased by Mitsubishi Estate, a real estate company of the Mitsubishi Group, in 1989, which fully bought out Rockefeller Group.

In 2000, the current owner Jerry Speyer (a close friend of David Rockefeller), of Tishman Speyer Properties, L.P., together with the Lester Crown family of Chicago, bought for $1.85 billion the older 14 buildings and land from the previous syndicated owners: Goldman Sachs (which had 50 percent ownership), Gianni Agnelli, Stavros Niarchos, and David Rockefeller, who organized the syndicate in 1996 and is historically associated with the other partners.[12]

During World War I, he was an assistant general manager of Bethlehem Steel and developed a friendship with Franklin D. Roosevelt, then Assistant Secretary of the Navy. ...At the repeal of Prohibition, Kennedy and FDR's son James Roosevelt traveled to Scotland to buy distribution rights for Scotch whisky....He was the inaugural Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR), and later directed the Maritime Commission. Kennedy served as the United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 1938 until late 1940, including the early part of World War II....His term as Ambassador and his political ambitions ended abruptly during the Battle of Britain in November 1940, with the publishing of his controversial remarks suggesting that "Democracy is finished in England. It may be here, [in the US]." Kennedy resigned under pressure shortly afterwards.

http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/The-Kennedy-Family/Joseph-P-Kennedy.aspx?p=3...In 1933, with the election won and Roosevelt inaugurated, Kennedy took a trip to Europe with James Roosevelt, the new President’s son. The end of Prohibition had been implicit in Roosevelt’s election, and Kennedy saw in it a new business possibility. While in England he obtained rights to become the U.S. agent for Haig & Haig Ltd., John Dewar and Sons, Ltd. and Gordon's Dry Gin Company Ltd. When Prohibition officially ended, with the ratification of the 21st amendment, Kennedy and his company, Somerset Importers, were poised to take advantage of the country’s rehabilitated thirst with an enormous stockpile of liquor imports.

Why England Slept (ISBN 0-313-22874-4) is the published version of a thesis written by John F. Kennedy while in his senior year at Harvard College. Its title was an allusion to Winston Churchill's 1938 book While England Slept, which also examined the buildup of German power. Published in 1940,[1] the book examines the failures of the British government to take steps to prevent World War II and is notable for its uncommon stance of not castigating the appeasement policy of the British government at the time, instead suggesting that an earlier confrontation between the United Kingdom and Nazi Germany could well have been more disastrous in the long run....As ambassador to Britain, Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. supported Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain's policy of appeasement during the late 1930s. John F. Kennedy lived with his father in Britain at that time and witnessed the Luftwaffe's bombings of Britain first-hand.

The book's introduction was written by Henry R. Luce.

We never here much about James Roosevelt - he survived the war:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_RooseveltJames Roosevelt (December 23, 1907 – August 13, 1991) was the oldest son of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He was a U.S. Representative, officer in the United States Marine Corps, aide to his father, official Secretary to the President, Democratic Party activist, and businessman....In October 1939, after World War II broke out in Europe, Roosevelt resigned the lieutenant colonel's commission he had been given in 1936, and was commissioned as a Captain in the Marine Corps Reserves. In November 1940, he went on active duty. In early 1941, the President sent him to the Middle East as a military attaché with the British forces. He travelled extensively in the area, and observed several important campaigns. [3]

In August 1941, he joined the staff of William J. Donovan, Coordinator of Information, with the job of working out the exchange of information with other agencies.[1]

After Japan's Attack on Pearl Harbor, Roosevelt requested assignment to combat duty. He transferred to the Marine Raiders, the Marines' commando force, and became second-in-command of the 2nd Raider Battalion under Evans Carlson who Roosevelt knew when Carlson commanded the Marine Detachment at the Warm Springs, Georgia residence of Franklin Roosevelt. His influence helped win Presidential backing for the Raiders, who were opposed by Marine traditionalists.

Roosevelt served with the 2nd Raiders at Midway, and in the Makin Island raid, where he earned the Navy Cross. He was given command of the new 4th Raiders, but was invalided in February 1943. He served in various staff positions during the rest of the war. In November 1943, he accompanied Army troops in the invasion of Makin, and was awarded the Silver Star by the Army. He retired from active duty in October 1945, with rank of Colonel.

He continued in the Marine Corps Reserves, and retired in 1959 at the rank of Brigadier General.[3]

James suffered from having flat feet, so while other Marines were required to wear boots, he was allowed to wear sneakers

http://worldwar2history.info/Pearl-Harbor/deceit.html...Donovan had not been present at dinner but had been summoned by the President from New York, where he had been watching a football game at the Polo Grounds. Football fans heard an unusual announcement over the public address system about 2:30 that afternoon: "Colonel William Donovan, come to the box office at once. There is an important phone message." The message was from James Roosevelt, the President's son and a member of Donovan's staff; he told Donovan about the Japanese attack.

Throughout the evening of December 7, Roosevelt conferred with congressional and military leaders. He decided his first wartime move would come the next morning, December 8, when he would ask Congress to declare that a state of war existed between Japan and the United States. He prepared a rough draft of what later became his "Day of Infamy" speech.

Then he invited Murrow and Donovan into the study for a midnight snack of sandwiches and cold beer. Chief Usher Crim noted that the three men spent twenty-five minutes together in the study before Roosevelt retired to his adjoining bedroom. Crim's arrival and departure notations in the Usher Book comprise the only official record; there were no official minutes of the meeting.

Joseph Patrick Kennedy and James Roosevelt Standing Outside Original caption: Pictured as they chatted at Palm Beach, Florida, are James Roosevelt, (L), son of the President, and Joseph P. Kennedy, the U. S. Ambassador to Great Britain. James Roosevelt was a guest at the Kennedy Palm Beach Home. The new envoy was expected to sail for his new post in England on February 26, 1938.

Carlson had been a soldier in the Punitive Expedition to capture Pancho Villa in Mexico and World War I, became a Marine officer during the American occupation of Nicaragua, and served as an Intelligence Officer of the 4th Marines in China.

He had seen the tactics and strategy of Communist Chinese irregulars, Zhū Dé and the Eighth Route Army in particular, as they fought the occupying Japanese and became enthralled with their version of guerrilla warfare.

In 1933 Carlson had commanded the Marine Detachment at the Warm Springs, Georgia vacation retreat of President Roosevelt, where he formed a close friendship with both Franklin D. Roosevelt and his son James.

Carlson resigned from the Marines to speak to American businessmen to warn them against providing materials to Japan.

Carlson rejoined the Marines in April 1941, gaining a commission from the Commandant as a reserve major. Carlson still had the President's ear as well as FDR's son James Roosevelt, who was now a Marine Captain and was his friend and protégé.The Raiders were given the best of the Marines' equipment, and were handpicked from available volunteers. The two units approached their common mission from different directions. Carlson utilized egalitarian and team-building methods learned from the Communists during his years in China: he treated officers and enlisted men with minimum regard to rank as leaders and fighters, gave his men "ethical indoctrination," describing for each man what he was fighting for and why, and used the Chinese phrase "Gung-ho!" as a motivational slogan. He also eschewed standard Marine Corps organization, forming six rifle companies of two platoons each, and innovating 3-man "fire teams" as its basic unit.[4] Edson's battalion, however, more closely followed standard Marine Corps doctrine in training, organization, and discipline.

United States Marines of the Second Raider Battalion gather around officers (kneeling left to right) Lt. Col. Evans F. Carlson, Capt. M.C. Plumley, and Maj. James Roosevelt as they plan an attack during the Makin Island raid, one of America's earliest offensives in the Pacific during World War II.

Friendship with the RooseveltsReturning to the United States in 1933, Captain Carlson served as executive officer of the Marine Corps Detachment at President Roosevelt's alternative White House and vacation retreat at Warm Springs, Georgia where he became closely acquainted with President Franklin D. Roosevelt and his son James.

[edit] Second and third China toursAfter his Warm Springs tour Carlson was posted to the 4th Marines in Shanghai. Shortly afterward he was transferred to the Marine Detachment, American Legation, Peiping, China, where he served as Adjutant and studied the Chinese language. In 1936, he returned to the United States via Japan. At home he served at Quantico while attending Marine Corps Schools, and studying International Law and Politics at George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

He went back to China for the third time in 1937 as an official student of the Chinese language and as a military observer with Chinese forces. There he was afforded the opportunity to learn the tactics of the Japanese soldier.

He met Edgar Snow in China and read Snow's Red Star Over China. This encounter led him to visit the Chinese communist troop headquarters in northern China, where he met Chinese Communist leaders such as Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping. Traveling thousands of miles through the interior of China with the communist guerrillas, often on foot and horseback over the most hazardous terrain, he lived under the same primitive conditions. He was impressed by the tactics used by Chinese Communist guerrillas to fight Japanese troops.

When he left China in 1938, he was commended by the Commander in Chief of the Asiatic Fleet for his services. He was so impressed with the danger of Japanese aggression in the Far East that in 1939 he resigned his commission as a captain in order to be free to write and lecture on that subject...

Brigadier General Evans Fordyce Carlson (26 February 1896 – 27 May 1947) was the famed U.S. Marine Corps leader of the World War II "Carlson's Raiders". He is renowned for the "Makin Island raid" on August 17, 1942 and their "Long Patrol" (aka Carlson's patrol or Carlson's Raiders) from November 4, 1942 to December 4, 1942 behind Japanese lines on Guadalcanal, in which 488 Japanese were killed, 16 Raiders were killed and 18 wounded, during the Guadalcanal campaign. Carlson is also credited with first coining the term "Gung-ho" as it is most popularly used today.

http://www.cpaffc.org.cn/yszz/detaile.php?subid=778&id=337Rewi Alley - Great New Zealander in China...In 1939, Rewi Alley paid two visits to Yan’an and met Chairman Mao Zedong four times. In his old age, he still remembered well that he was asked in particular to find ways and means for producing grenades to support General He Long’s troops fighting in the northwest. Earlier in Wuhan, Rewi Alley met with Communist leaders Zhou Enlai and Bo Gu, who made suggestions and expressed hopes for the development of Gung Ho. Wang Bingnan was sent to take part in several meetings held by Gung Ho in its initial period.

Rewi Alley’s mind was very much on the southeast area where the New Fourth Army was waging fierce battles with the Kuomintang armies. In early 1939, he took charge of the Gung Ho Southeast Headquarters personally, and in 1940 he was invited by the Snows to the Philippines to raise fund for the work of Gung Ho in the New Fourth Army area in particular.

Later, together with Evans Carlson, a former US marine officer and now representative of the US Committee for the Promotion of Chinese Industrial Cooperatives, visited and revisited the New Fourth Army area, where they met Communist leader Liu Shaoqi near the army headquarters.

After the outbreak of the Pacific War, Carlson wrote to President Roosevelt and won his approval for organizing the Raider Battalion known as Carlson’s Raiders of the US Marine Corps. Using Gung Ho as its battle cry, this special fighting force, with Roosevelt’s son and his own son in it, adopted the surprise-attack tactics of the Eighth Route Army and won splendid victories over the Japanese army on Makin Island and on Guadalcanal, making its name known throughout the United States.

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Stephenson was soon a close adviser to Roosevelt, and suggested that he put Stephenson's good friend William J. "Wild Bill" Donovan in charge of all U.S. intelligence services.

Donovan founded the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which in 1947 would become the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).

http://www.smokershistory.com/Donovan.htm..."Of such great influence was BSC's influence in the Roosevelt administration that in 1941 it was able to design an American intelligence counterpart, the United States Coordinator of Information, which became the Office of Strategic Services the next year. The COI/OSS was created in the 'image and likeness of British Security Coordination.' Although officially headed by William Donovan, Stephenson's assistant, Dick Ellis, did much of the day-to-day running of the security agency, which was staffed by many other British agents. Moreover, 'BSC passed on an attitude as much as it passed on specific technical skills. It passed on a way of looking at problems and an opnenness to possible solutions - no matter their legality or morality."...

William J. Donovan / FBI FOIA file 1d (pdf)

"'Wild Bill' Donovan, the OSS chieftain, recruited many of the moles into the OSS. This was not by carelessness. R. Harris Smith, in his book OSS: The Secret History of America's First Central Intelligence Agency, revealed that Donovan worked with Communist Party leader Eugene Dennis to recruit OSS personnel from communist ranks. When confronted by the FBI with evidence that some of his men were Communist Party members, Donovan replied, 'I know they're Communists. That's why I hired them.'

Of course, when the CIA was organized in 1947, many of the OSS agents became CIA agents." (The C.I.A., skull and bones, and rewriting history. By Warren Mass. The New American, Feb. 19, 2007.)

Francis Xavier Waldron (he later changed his name to Eugene Dennis) was born in Seattle, Washington, on 10th August, 1905. He worked in various trades and was active in the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). ...The prosecution also used the testimony of former members of the American Communist Party to help show that Dennis and his fellow comrades had privately advocated the overthrow of the government. The most important witness against the leaders of the party was Louis Budenz, the former managing editor of the party's newspaper, The Daily Worker.

William Donovan, center, conferring in Xi'an, China, on plans for the Office of Strategic Services during World War II...A hawkish conservative during the postwar years, Donovan became ambassador to Thailand, where his mission of stemming communist advances in Southeast Asia landed him in the emerging troubles of what, a decade or so later, became America's all-consuming quagmire, Vietnam.

http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2011/03/wild-bill-donovan201103?currentPage=2Spymaster General...Stephenson was, secretly, a spy for M.I.6, who went by the code name “Intrepid.” At some point Stephenson revealed his double life to Donovan—and implored him to join the fight against the Axis. On July 14, 1940, Donovan flew to London to meet Colonel Stewart Menzies, the chief of M.I.6, known to his fellow spies simply as “C.” Donovan met “C” at M.I.6 headquarters in an old Victorian manse on London’s Broadway, where the porters wore brass buttons engraved with the motto on the royal coat of arms, “Honi soit qui mal y pense” (“Evil be to him who evil thinks”). British intelligence should “bare their breast” to Donovan, Stephenson had cabled Menzies. Donovan was shown the inner workings of the British war effort and invited to dine with King George VI. ...In his memoirs, Stephenson suggested that Donovan was in fact a British secret agent, recruited as early as World War I, but Stephenson was not above exaggeration. The official C.I.A. history of the O.S.S., unsurprisingly, rejects the charge. I asked William vanden Heuval, who as a young lawyer had worked closely with Donovan and knew him well, whether he thought Donovan had grown a little too close to Great Britain in 1940–41. Sitting in his Park Avenue office, vanden Heuval, 79, insisted that Donovan may have liked English clothes and manners, but he owed no fealty, secret or otherwise, to the British. “I don’t think he was an Anglophile,” said vanden Heuval. “He was Irish. He was an Irish warlord. He could command loyalty, like Bobby Kennedy,” for whom vanden Heuval also worked. “He wouldn’t ask others to do what he wouldn’t do and they knew it. He lived on the cusp of danger.”

(fyi - The "FitzGeralds (Sons of Gerald)" are Welsh-Anglo-Norman's the conquerors of Ireland in 1169" )

Beekman Place is a small street located on the east side of Manhattan, New York City. ...The British made their headquarters in the mansion for a time during the Revolutionary War and Nathan Hale was tried as a spy in the mansion's greenhouse and hanged in a nearby orchard. George Washington visited the house many times during his presidency....One Beekman Place the 1929 co-op, designed by Sloan & Robertson and Corbett, Harrison & MacMurray, is "the most prestigious Beekman Place apartment building," according to Carter Horsley. It was built by a group headed by David Milton, husband of Abby Rockefeller and son-in-law of John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Early tenants here included "Wild Bill" Donovan of the OSS and John D. Rockefeller III and A&P Heir Huntington Hartford. Happy Rockefeller lived at One Beekman Place. It has a lavish tiled pool on the ground floor for the tenants and a basketball court and small ping pong table.

In the Movie Auntie Mame. Auntie Mame played by Rosalind Russell lives at Beekman Place. In the Movie Bonfire of the Vanities based on Tom Wolfe's book, the Mayor mentions Beekman Place. The Mayor in Bonfire of the Vanities says "They sit in their co-ops, Park Avenue, Fifth, Beekman Place, snug like a bug. Twelve-foot ceilings, a wing for them, one for the help".

OSS Col. David Bruce, later JFK's ambassador to the Court of St. James, and NANA newspaper correspondent Ernest Hemingway shortly before entering Paris and liberating the bar at the Hotel Ritz. [Photo from the book OSS - by Smith]

http://www.yaleclubnyc.org/Default.aspx?p=DynamicModule&pageid=271249&ssid=140906&vnf=1Just steps from Grand Central Station, The Yale Club of New York City was designed in 1915 by James Gamble Rogers, architect of Yale’s Sterling Memorial Library as well as the Harkness Quad and Tower ...impressive 22-story neoclassical clubhouse and 11,000 members,The Yale Club of New York City is unquestionably the largest private club in the world. However, the minute you arrive at 50 Vanderbilt, and enter the first-floor lobby, you’ll be struck by the warm, welcoming intimacy of the place: friendly faces and fresh-cut flowers everywhere, and comfortable spaces where you can re-energize, relax, and meet friends er ... spies.

fyi... In Marathon man Roy Scheider plays a Yale/CIA guy and he gets together with his bro Dustin Hoffman at the Yale Club in NYC:

But after a decade-long investigation, military historian Robert Wilcox claims that OSS head General "Wild Bill" Donovan ordered a highly decorated marksman called Douglas Bazata to silence Patton, who gloried in the nickname "Old Blood and Guts".

His book, "Target Patton", contains interviews with Mr Bazata, who died in 1999, and extracts from his diaries, detailing how he staged the car crash by getting a troop truck to plough into Patton's Cadillac and then shot the general with a low-velocity projectile, which broke his neck while his fellow passengers escaped without a scratch.

Mr Bazata also suggested that when Patton began to recover from his injuries, US officials turned a blind eye as agents of the NKVD, the forerunner of the KGB, poisoned the general. ...

The founding fathers of the CIA William "Wild Bill" Donovan and Allen Dulles were knights, as were many other CIA hierarchy including Ronald Reagan’s director William Casey and JFK’s director John McCone.

In July 1944 Pope Pius XII awarded Donovan the 'Grand Cross of the Order of St. Sylvester', one of the oldest and most prestigious of papal knighthoods, and the highest Catholic award ever received by an American. Less than one hundred men have received this award throughout history.

Following the raid, Walter Funk, president of the Reichsbank, decided to send most of the gold reserves, worth some $238 million, and a large quantity of the monetary reserves to Wintershal AG's Kaiseroda potassium mine at the village of Merkers, about 200 miles south-west of Berlin, for safekeeping....The chief of staff of General Dwight D Eisenhower, the Allied commander, would later estimate that the value of the gold, silver, and currency was over $520 million.

Patton, Eisenhower and BradleyOn 12 April [1945], the mine and its treasure were visited by Patton, Eisenhower and General Omar Bradley, commander of the US 12th Army Group.

Target Patton General George S. Patton was assassinated to silence his criticism of allied war leaders claims new book

George S. Patton, America's greatest combat general of the Second World War, was assassinated after the conflict with the connivance of US leaders, according to a new book.

By Tim Shipman in Washington 7:16PM GMT 20 Dec 2008

The newly unearthed diaries of a colourful assassin for the wartime Office of Strategic Services (OSS), the forerunner of the CIA, reveal that American spy chiefs wanted Patton dead because he was threatening to expose allied collusion with the Russians that cost American lives. ....His book, "Target Patton", contains interviews with Mr Bazata, who died in 1999, and extracts from his diaries, detailing how he staged the car crash by getting a troop truck to plough into Patton's Cadillac and then shot the general with a low-velocity projectile, which broke his neck while his fellow passengers escaped without a scratch.

Mr Bazata also suggested that when Patton began to recover from his injuries, US officials turned a blind eye as agents of the NKVD, the forerunner of the KGB, poisoned the general.

Mr Wilcox told The Sunday Telegraph that when he spoke to Mr Bazata: "He was struggling with himself, all these killings he had done. He confessed to me that he had caused the accident, that he was ordered to do so by Wild Bill Donovan.

"Donovan told him: 'We've got a terrible situation with this great patriot, he's out of control and we must save him from himself and from ruining everything the allies have done.' I believe Douglas Bazata. He's a sterling guy."

Mr Bazata led an extraordinary life. He was a member of the Jedburghs, the elite unit who parachuted into France to help organise the Resistance in the run up to D-Day in 1944. He earned four purple hearts, a Distinguished Service Cross and the French Croix de Guerre three times over for his efforts.

After the war he became a celebrated artist who enjoyed the patronage of Princess Grace of Monaco and the Duke and Duchess of Windsor.He was friends with Salvador Dali, who painted a portrait of Bazata as Don Quixote.

He ended his career as an aide to President Ronald Reagan's Navy Secretary John Lehman, a member of the 9/11 Commission and adviser to John McCain's presidential campaign.

Mr Wilcox also tracked down and interviewed Stephen Skubik, an officer in the Counter-Intelligence Corps of the US Army, who said he learnt that Patton was on Stalin's death list. Skubik repeatedly alerted Donovan, who simply had him sent back to the US.

"You have two strong witnesses here," Mr Wilcox said. "The evidence is that the Russians finished the job."

The scenario sounds far fetched but Mr Wilcox has assembled a compelling case that US officials had something to hide. At least five documents relating to the car accident have been removed from US archives.

The driver of the truck was whisked away to London before he could be questioned and no autopsy was performed on Patton's body.

With the help of a Cadillac expert from Detroit, Mr Wilcox has proved that the car on display in the Patton museum at Fort Knox is not the one Patton was driving."That is a cover-up," Mr Wilcox said.

George Patton, a dynamic controversialist who wore pearl handled revolvers on each hip and was the subject of an Oscar winning film starring George C. Scott, commanded the US 3rd Army, which cut a swathe through France after D-Day.

But his ambition to get to Berlin before Soviet forces was thwarted by supreme allied commander Dwight D. Eisenhower, who gave Patton's petrol supplies to the more cautious British General Bernard Montgomery.

Patton, who distrusted the Russians, believed Eisenhower wrongly prevented him closing the so-called Falaise Gap in the autumn of 1944, allowing hundreds of thousands of German troops to escape to fight again,. This led to the deaths of thousands of Americans during their winter counter-offensive that became known as the Battle of the Bulge.

In order to placate Stalin, the 3rd Army was also ordered to a halt as it reached the German border and was prevented from seizing either Berlin or Prague, moves that could have prevented Soviet domination of Eastern Europe after the war.

Mr Wilcox told The Sunday Telegraph: "Patton was going to resign from the Army. He wanted to go to war with the Russians. The administration thought he was nuts.

"He also knew secrets of the war which would have ruined careers.

I don't think Dwight Eisenhower would ever have been elected president if Patton had lived to say the things he wanted to say." Mr Wilcox added: "I think there's enough evidence here that if I were to go to a grand jury I could probably get an indictment, but perhaps not a conviction."

Charles Province, President of the George S. Patton Historical Society, said he hopes the book will lead to definitive proof of the plot being uncovered. He said: "There were a lot of people who were pretty damn glad that Patton died. He was going to really open the door on a lot of things that they screwed up over there."

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

John F. Lehman, Jr. (born September 14, 1942) is an American investment banker and writer who served as Secretary of the Navy in the Reagan administration and in 2003-4 was a member of the 9/11 Commission.

He was also involved in the Project for the New American Century, that claimed the absence of a "catastrophic and catalyzing event - like a new Pearl Harbor" in the document "Rebuilding America´s Defenses", which was released in September 2000. His most famous quote according to NNDB is: "Power corrupts. Absolute power is kind of neat."

Douglas DeWitt Bazata, who served with the United States Office of Strategic Services behind enemy lines in France in World War II and later became an artist, died on July 14 in his home in Chevy Chase, Md. He was 88.

The death of Mr. Bazata was belatedly reported to The New York Times.

He was described as ''a red-haired soldier of fortune who called all colonels 'Sugar' '' in a 1978 book, ''Honorable Men,'' by William E. Colby, a former Director of Central Intelligence, and Peter Forbath.

Mr. Bazata had already served in the Marines and was a skilled boxer and marksman when he became an Army officer in 1942 and also joined the O.S.S., the forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency.

He went on to be one of a daring group of about 50 American parachute officers who volunteered for what Mr. Colby described as ''a highly hazardous mission'' in Nazi-occupied France, Belgium and the Netherlands.

Other members of the group included Stewart Alsop, later a noted journalist, and Mr. Colby.

Douglas Bazata was the first of these two witnesses to go public. An Office of Strategic Services (OSS) “Jedburgh” in World War II, the forerunners of US Special Forces, he claimed that as an OSS assassin, he was asked to kill Patton by OSS chief Gen. William“Wild Bill” Donovan. The order was the culmination of a long-running plot during the war that had started as a non-lethal “stop Patton” plan. Later, in interviews with me, he enlarged that scenario, claiming that he, along with an NKVD (Russian military intelligence) accomplice, set up the December 9 “accident,” and that others – he believed the Soviets – had completed the task in the hospital.

It is not well known except amongst certain historians that Donovan forged a cooperating alliance between the OSS and NKVD, beginning in 1943. And despite the fact that he was sometimes played for a fool by the Russians, whose spies already riddled the OSS (and therefore the NKVD did not need the cooperation), he continued working with them throughout the war and after.

The other witness was Stephen J. Skubik, a Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC) agent attached until war’s end to Patton’s armies. Afterward he continued working as a CIC agent among Soviet-dominated Ukrainians whom, he said, warned him that Stalin had put Patton on an NKVD hit list.

Skubik, who wrote a privately-printed book entitled, The Murder of General Patton, claimed three top Ukrainians – Gen. Pavlo Shandruk, Prof. Roman Smal-Stocki, and the Ukrainian nationalist leader Stepan Bandera – each separately warned him that Patton was marked for murder. But when he reported the plot to Wild Bill Donovan himself, instead of being grateful, Donovan had him jailed. Following Patton’s death, Skubik was forced to flee Germany for fear of being murdered himself. For several years he lived in hiding in America.

These two witnesses are highly credible. Their stories mesh without either having known about the other. Bazata, who left the army as a major, was one of the most decorated Jedburghs, having jumped into, among other harrowing missions, Nazi-occupied France to help organize local resistance in preparation for D-Day. He spent 25 years after WWII in Europe as a clandestine, was a good friend of fellow Jedburgh and ex-CIA director William Colby, and ended his career as an aide to Secretary of the Navy John Lehman during the Reagan Administration.

Skubik, after emerging from hiding, rose to a top managerial position in the Prudential Insurance Company in Washington D.C., and aided Republican presidents from Eisenhower through Reagan as an expert on Eastern European affairs. I vetted both men extensively through secret documents at places like the National Archives and through interviews with those who knew them. They both died in the 1990s. But if this case were ever brought to a grand jury, their preserved testimony, I believe, would be enough to get an indictment.

Even without such testimony, Patton’s death remains an unsolved mystery. In the months before he died, for instance, he was involved in at least two other highly suspicious accidents.

On May 3, 1945, Patton was almost decapitated when a farmer’s wagon with some sort of scythe-like instrument protruding from it suddenly rolled out unattended from a side street towards his passing jeep and “missed us only by about an inch,” he wrote in his diary.

The other “accident,” just a few weeks before, on April 10, 1945, is even more suspicious. Patton was visiting units in his light observation plane when four Polish Spitfires supposedly mistook his tiny aircraft for a Nazi fighter and attacked it. While three circled and acted almost as lookouts, the fourth Spitfire made repeated attacks. If not for the ground hugging and evasion skills of Patton’s pilot, the general surely would have been killed. As it was, the attacking Spitfire couldn’t pull up after one of its steep diving attacks and crashed. The Russians by that time controlled Poland. Patton was livid, and an aide accompanying him in the plane vowed to find out what happened. But to this day, there is scant information about the attack beyond what both wrote in their diaries.

Of the 83 American Jedburghs, 5 were killed in action, 6 percent, almost double the 3 ½ percent overall death rate; 3 were missing or captured; and 6 were wounded...Captain Douglas (“Doug”) DeWitt Bazata, head of Team Cedric in eastern France was badly wounded in action...Major William E. Colby, who would later become head of the CIA under Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford, was an “Army Brat,” born in St. Paul, Minnesota, and raised at military facilities around the world, including China. On ascholarship, he went to Princeton University, spent a summer in France, and obtained a commission through Army ROTC. He had just finished his first year at Columbia Law School, when he was called to active duty in 1941. Bored with the field artillery, he joined the paratroops, from which OSS recruited him in September 1943. By December, the 23-year-old paratroop officer had completed SO training at Areas F and B and was bound for England as a Jedburgh.151 The youthful, scholarly looking major was assigned to head Jed Team “Bruce” with two French soldiers. Their mission was to aid the French Resistance in the Yonne Valley some sixty miles southeast of Paris.

Instead of being dropped into a rural area, the plane on a mid-August night, dropped them right into thecenter of a German-occupied town. The falling supply containers woke up the townspeople as well as the Germans, and the Jedburgh team had to dodge patrols for two days until they were able to reach the maquis. Although it was later discovered that the local Resistance had been run by a collaborator working with the Germans, by August1944, Colby realized the Nazis would be defeated and he did not endanger the Jeds.

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Douglas DeWitt Bazata - After the war he became a celebrated artist who enjoyed the patronage of Princess Grace of Monaco and the Duke and Duchess of Windsor

Remember the Duke and Duchess of Windsor were Nazi's....

The Nazi Gold Patton found (there was more):

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

The 2nd AVG was a bomber group, authorized by President Roosevelt and recruited by Bill Pawley's Central Aircraft Manufacturing Company in the fall of 1941.

CAMCO hired 82 pilots and 359 ground crew (almost certainly including air crew) who were duly discharged from the U.S. Army in November 1941. Lockheed outfitted 33 Hudson bombers--really little more than a militarized version of the Lockheed Super Electra transport, complete with the passenger windows--with long-range fuel tanks so they could fly across the Pacific; they were to have been used for "occasional incendiary bombing of Japan". The same number of Douglas Boston light bombers (A-20s in U.S. service) would travel by sea to Africa, and there be assembled for the flight overland through India to China.

A considerable group sailed from California on November 21 aboard Bloemfontein and possibly Noordam, which had earlier carried men of the 1st AVG to Burma. Sergeants Charland, Zimmerman, and Brogden, plus the adaptible "Jimmy" Stewart, must have been among them.

Following the Japanese breakout on December 7/8, the ships were diverted to Australia, where Bloemfontein docked on December 22, and where the army men were eventually taken back into U.S. service. Their Douglas and Lockheed bombers were likewise re-inducted, as were the men who hadn't yet sailed for Asia. I'm seeking the names of those with a connection with the 2nd AVG. If you know of any such, please send email. And click here for more about the 2nd AVG.

[ It is interesting - I just saw "God is my co-pilot" where in the movie the speak about the AVG getting bombers to be used in bombing Japan but the context was after Pearl Harbor (stating the Philippine air bases were already lost). in the movie they get the bombers and use them to bomb Japanese controlled Hong Kong. ]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_Tigers...One of the pilots drawn to the success of the AVG was Robert Lee Scott, Jr. who was flying supplies into Kunming over the Hump from India. He convinced Chennault to loan him a P-40 which he flew to protect the supply route; his aggressiveness led to Chennault's recruiting him as commander of the 23rd Fighter Group. Scott brought recognition to his exploits and the Flying Tigers with his best selling book God is My Co-pilot that was also made into a popular movie.

God is My Co-pilot, (1943, with Dennis Morgan as Robert Lee Scott, Raymond Massey as Chennault, and John Ridgely as Tex Hill);

The Flying Tiger romances all speak of a "secret executive order" supposedly signed by President Roosevelt to create the American Volunteer Group. No such order has ever surfaced, and Roosevelt historians agree that it wouldn't have been his style: he preferred to give a wink and a nod, and to leave the details to his subordinates-- Lauchlin Currie , in this case.

This is the closest I could come: notes written at Currie's request to direct the armed forces to release men for the 2nd and 3rd AVG, a bomber group and a fighter group, respectively. Since the navy was particularly reluctant to release men in 1941, Currie worked out a plan whereby the 2nd AVG would be recruited entirely from the U.S. Army in the fall of 1941, and the 3rd--a fighter group equipped with P-43 Lancers and P-66 Vanguards--from the navy starting in January. Below is FDR's directive to the Secretary of the Navy with respect to the 3rd AVG:

In September 1941 he was recruited for the 2nd American Volunteer Group, to fly Lockheed Hudson bombers attacking Japanese positions in China and perhaps to bomb the Japanese home islands.

In December he was flying from Sacramento to San Francisco to sail to the Far East when he heard about the Pearl Harbor attack on the plane's radio. The 2nd AVG was aborted and he returned to U.S. service. -- Dan Ford]

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Again we see that FDR had intentions of attacking Japan in Dec41/January 1942 under the China flag - but the orders were broadcasted to Russian agents ( via NKVD agent Lauchlin Currie ) that told the Japanese (via spies in China and the IPR ) and cemented their intentions to attack Pearl Harbor, beating the U.S. to the punch.

[ Again Hitler's plan was for the Japanese to attack the U.S.S.R. and the soviet spies job was to direct them elsewhere.... ]

In September 1941 he was recruited for the 2nd American Volunteer Group, to fly Lockheed Hudson bombers attacking Japanese positions in China and perhaps to bomb the Japanese home islands.

In December he was flying from Sacramento to San Francisco to sail to the Far East when he heard about the Pearl Harbor attack on the plane's radio. The 2nd AVG was aborted and he returned to U.S. service. -- Dan Ford]

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

British Prime Minister Winston Churchill's fervent hope for years was that Japan would attack the United States. This would permit the United States (not legally, but politically) to fully enter World War II in Europe, as its president wanted to do, as opposed to merely providing weaponry and assisting in targeting of submarines as it had been doing. Of course, Germany's declaration of war, which followed Pearl Harbor and the immediate U.S. declaration of war on Japan, helped as well, but it was Pearl Harbor that radically converted the American people from opposition to support for war.

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt had tried lying to the American people about U.S. ships including the Greer and the Kerny, which had been helping British planes track German submarines, but which Roosevelt pretended had been innocently attacked. Roosevelt also lied that he had in his possession a secret Nazi map planning the conquest of South America, as well as a secret Nazi plan for replacing all religions with Nazism. And yet, the people of the United States didn't buy the idea of going into another war until Pearl Harbor, by which point Roosevelt had already instituted the draft, activated the National Guard, created a huge Navy in two oceans, traded old destroyers to England in exchange for the lease of its bases in the Caribbean and Bermuda, and — just 11 days before the "unexpected" attack — he had secretly ordered the creation of a list of every Japanese and Japanese-American person in the United States.

On April 28, 1941, Churchill wrote a secret directive to his war cabinet:

"It may be taken as almost certain that the entry of Japan into the war would be followed by the immediate entry of the United States on our side."

On May 11, 1941, Robert Menzies, the prime minister of Australia, met with Roosevelt and found him "a little jealous" of Churchill's place in the center of the war. While Roosevelt's cabinet all wanted the United States to enter the war, Menzies found that Roosevelt,

" . . . trained under Woodrow Wilson in the last war, waits for an incident, which would in one blow get the USA into war and get R. out of his foolish election pledges that 'I will keep you out of war.'"

On August 18, 1941, Churchill met with his cabinet at 10 Downing Street. The meeting had some similarity to the July 23, 2002, meeting at the same address, the minutes of which became known as the Downing Street Minutes. Both meetings revealed secret U.S. intentions to go to war. In the 1941 meeting, Churchill told his cabinet, according to the minutes: "The President had said he would wage war but not declare it." In addition, "Everything was to be done to force an incident."

Japan was certainly not averse to attacking others and had been busy creating an Asian empire. And the United States and Japan were certainly not living in harmonious friendship. But what could bring the Japanese to attack?

When President Franklin Roosevelt visited Pearl Harbor on July 28, 1934, seven years before the Japanese attack, the Japanese military expressed apprehension. General Kunishiga Tanaka wrote in the Japan Advertiser, objecting to the build-up of the American fleet and the creation of additional bases in Alaska and the Aleutian Islands:

"Such insolent behavior makes us most suspicious. It makes us think a major disturbance is purposely being encouraged in the Pacific. This is greatly regretted."

Whether it was actually regretted or not is a separate question from whether this was a typical and predictable response to military expansionism, even when done in the name of "defense." The great unembedded (as we would today call him) journalist George Seldes was suspicious as well. In October 1934 he wrote in Harper's Magazine: "It is an axiom that nations do not arm for war but for a war." Seldes asked an official at the Navy League:

"Do you accept the naval axiom that you prepare to fight a specific navy?" The man replied "Yes." "Do you contemplate a fight with the British navy?" "Absolutely, no." "Do you contemplate war with Japan?" "Yes."

In 1935 the most decorated U.S. Marine in history at the time, Brigadier General Smedley D. Butler, published to enormous success a short book called War Is a Racket. He saw perfectly well what was coming and warned the nation:

"At each session of Congress the question of further naval appropriations comes up. The swivel-chair admirals don't shout that 'We need lots of battleships to war on this nation or that nation.' Oh, no. First of all, they let it be known that America is menaced by a great naval power. Almost any day, these admirals will tell you, the great fleet of this supposed enemy will strike suddenly and annihilate our 125,000,000 people. Just like that. Then they begin to cry for a larger navy. For what? To fight the enemy? Oh my, no. Oh, no. For defense purposes only. Then, incidentally, they announce maneuvers in the Pacific. For defense. Uh, huh.

"The Pacific is a great big ocean. We have a tremendous coastline in the Pacific. Will the maneuvers be off the coast, two or three hundred miles? Oh, no. The maneuvers will be two thousand, yes, perhaps even thirty-five hundred miles, off the coast.

"The Japanese, a proud people, of course will be pleased beyond expression to see the United States fleet so close to Nippon's shores. Even as pleased as would be the residents of California were they to dimly discern, through the morning mist, the Japanese fleet playing at war games off Los Angeles."

In March 1935, Roosevelt bestowed Wake Island on the U.S. Navy and gave Pan Am Airways a permit to build runways on Wake Island, Midway Island, and Guam. Japanese military commanders announced that they were disturbed and viewed these runways as a threat. So did peace activists in the United States. By the next month, Roosevelt had planned war games and maneuvers near the Aleutian Islands and Midway Island. By the following month, peace activists were marching in New York advocating friendship with Japan. Norman Thomas wrote in 1935:

"The Man from Mars who saw how men suffered in the last war and how frantically they are preparing for the next war, which they know will be worse, would come to the conclusion that he was looking at the denizens of a lunatic asylum."

The U.S. Navy spent the next few years working up plans for war with Japan, the March 8, 1939, version of which described "an offensive war of long duration" that would destroy the military and disrupt the economic life of Japan. In January 1941, eleven months before the attack, the Japan Advertiser expressed its outrage over Pearl Harbor in an editorial, and the U.S. ambassador to Japan wrote in his diary:

"There is a lot of talk around town to the effect that the Japanese, in case of a break with the United States, are planning to go all out in a surprise mass attack on Pearl Harbor. Of course I informed my government."

On February 5, 1941, Rear Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner wrote to Secretary of War Henry Stimson to warn of the possibility of a surprise attack at Pearl Harbor.

As early as 1932 the United States had been talking with China about providing airplanes, pilots, and training for its war with Japan. In November 1940, Roosevelt loaned China one hundred million dollars for war with Japan, and after consulting with the British, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau made plans to send the Chinese bombers with U.S. crews to use in bombing Tokyo and other Japanese cities. On December 21, 1940, two weeks shy of a year before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, China's Minister of Finance T.V. Soong and Colonel Claire Chennault, a retired U.S. Army flier who was working for the Chinese and had been urging them to use American pilots to bomb Tokyo since at least 1937, met in Henry Morgenthau's dining room to plan the firebombing of Japan. Morgenthau said he could get men released from duty in the U.S. Army Air Corps if the Chinese could pay them $1,000 per month. Soong agreed.

On May 24, 1941, the New York Times reported on U.S. training of the Chinese air force, and the provision of "numerous fighting and bombing planes" to China by the United States. "Bombing of Japanese Cities is Expected" read the subheadline. By July, the Joint Army-Navy Board had approved a plan called JB 355 to firebomb Japan. A front corporation would buy American planes to be flown by American volunteers trained by Chennault and paid by another front group. Roosevelt approved, and his China expert Lauchlin Currie, in the words of Nicholson Baker, "wired Madame Chaing Kai-Shek and Claire Chennault a letter that fairly begged for interception by Japanese spies." Whether or not that was the entire point, this was the letter:

"I am very happy to be able to report today the President directed that sixty-six bombers be made available to China this year with twenty-four to be delivered immediately. He also approved a Chinese pilot training program here. Details through normal channels. Warm regards."

Our ambassador had said "in case of a break with the United States" the Japanese would bomb Pearl Harbor. I wonder if this qualified!

The 1st American Volunteer Group (AVG) of the Chinese Air Force, also known as the Flying Tigers, moved ahead with recruitment and training immediately, were provided to China prior to Pearl Harbor, and first saw combat on December 20, 1941, twelve days (local time) after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor.

On May 31, 1941, at the Keep America Out of War Congress, William Henry Chamberlin gave a dire warning: "A total economic boycott of Japan, the stoppage of oil shipments for instance, would push Japan into the arms of the Axis. Economic war would be a prelude to naval and military war." The worst thing about peace advocates is how many times they turn out to be right. ............continued at length...

The FBI’s Silvermaster file[1] is a 162-volume compendium of some 26,000 pages of documents relating to the Bureau’s investigation of Communist penetration of the Federal government during the Cold War.

Beginning in 1945 with the allegations of defecting Soviet courier Elizabeth Bentley (Venona cover names “Myrna”[2]; Umnitsa, “Clever Girl”[3]), the file is also known as the Bentley file or Gregory file (“Gregory” being the FBI’s code name for Bentley).

The file takes the name “Silvermaster” from Nathan Gregory Silvermaster (Venona cover names Pel[4], Pal, “Paul”[5]; “Robert”[6]) of the War Production Board, whom Bentley named as head of an underground Communist network known as the Silvermaster Group.[7]

Among the people named in the file in connection with this group are President Franklin Roosevelt’s Administrative Assistant Lauchlin Currie[8] (Currie's Venona cover name was "Page")[9] and Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Harry Dexter White[10] (Venona cover names “Lawyer”[11]; “Jurist”[9]; “Richard”[12]).

Also named in the file are Victor Perlo[13] (Venona cover name “Raider”[14]), chief of the Aviation Section of the War Production Board, and contacts of his Perlo group, including Alger Hiss[15] (Venona cover name “Ales”[16][17][18]), secretary general of the United Nations Charter Conference. (Like several others identified by Bentley, Hiss had been identified independently by another defecting Soviet courier, Whittaker Chambers, to Assistant Secretary of State Adolf Berle in 1939.[19]) Among dozens of others named by Bentley in this file in connection with this network is Duncan Lee[20] (Venona cover name “Koch”[21]), confidential assistant to William Donovan, founder and director of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), wartime predecessor of the CIA.

Lt. Col. Duncan Chaplin Lee (died 1988) was confidential assistant to Maj. Gen. William ("Wild Bill") Donovan, founder and director of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), World War II-era predecessor of the CIA, during 1942-46. Lee is identified in Venona as the Soviet double agent operating inside OSS under the cover name "Koch,"[1] making him the most senior alleged source the Soviet Union ever had inside American intelligence.

As an OSS officer, Lee served as head of the China section of SI, the Secret Intelligence Branch.[2] While an officer, according to Soviet courier Elizabeth Bentley, Lee -- reportedly a descendant of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee[3] -- covertly furnished her with information on “anti-Soviet work by OSS” and other topics of interest to Moscow,[4] which was technically an ally (in Europe) following the collapse of the Nazi-Soviet pact. As Bentley told the FBI when she defected in 1945, she transferred this information to her Soviet handlers...Lee, a former Rhodes scholar who attended Oxford University with fellow OSS staffer Donald Niven Wheeler (identified in Venona as the Soviet agent operating in OSS under cover name "Izra"[7])...A 1944 Venona decrypt confirms that Lee tipped off Bentley about Donovan sending him on a secret mission to China...Lee went on to have a successful career as a lawyer in the private sector[21]. Lee continued to represent clients such as Claire Chennault and Whiting Willaurer.

In 1949, following the fall of China to the communists, Lee represented a CIA-front company in the Hong Kong and UK courts in a successful effort to keep a large fleet of transport aircraft in Hong Kong, once owned by the Nationalist Chinese government, from being turned over to the new communist Chinese regime after its recognition by the British.[22]

Lee joined insurance giant American International Group in 1953, rising to serve as AIG’s chief in-house lawyer in New York City prior to his retirement in 1974[23]. He subsequently moved to Toronto with his Canadian wife, Frances Lee Smith, where he died in 1988[24].

Duncan Chaplin Lee was a descendant of Confederate General Robert E. Lee and a Rhodes Scholar. Lee attended college with Donald Wheeler. In the early summer of 1942 Lee was appointed confidential assistant to William J. Donovan, chief of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). Lee became the NKVD’s most senior source in American intelligence.

Lee was employed in the OSS from 1942 to 1946.

A Venona decrypt from June 1943 lists six Soviet agents working in the OSS and the Office of War Information; five of the Soviet sources have been identified, Maurice Halperin, Franz Neumann, Bella Joseph, Julius Joseph, and Duncan Lee.

Lee supplied the Soviet Union with a list of OSS employees suspected of being Communists or Communist sympathizers and informed Moscow of the impending D-Day invasion in 1944 and operations in China and Japan.

Decoded Soviet intelligence cables show Lee reporting on British and American diplomatic strategy for negotiating with Stalin over postwar Poland, American diplomatic activities in Turkey and Romania, and OSS operations in China and France.

Lee was never indicted, and became a private sector lawyer after World War II. He was Chief Counsel for American International Group before his retirement in 1974. He and his wife moved to Canada where he died in 1988.

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Winston Churchill became prime minister in May 1940. Churchill realised straight away that it would be vitally important to enlist the United States as Britain's ally. Randolph Churchill, on the morning of 18th May, 1940, claims that his father told him "I think I see my way through.... I mean we can beat them." When Randolph asked him how, he replied with great intensity: "I shall drag the United States in."...Churchill sent William Stephenson to the United States to make certain arrangements on intelligence matters. Stephenson's main contact was Gene Tunney, a friend from the First World War, who had been World Heavyweight Champion (1926-1928) and was a close friend of J. Edgar Hoover, the head of the FBI. Tunney later recalled: "Quite to my surprise I received a confidential letter that was from Billy Stephenson, and he asked me to try and arrange for him to see J. Edgar Hoover... I found out that his mission was so important that the Ambassador from England could not be in on it, and no one in official government... It was my understanding that the thing went off extremely well." Stephenson was also a friend of Ernest Cuneo. He worked for President Franklin D. Roosevelt and according to Stephenson was the leader of "Franklin's brain trust". Cuneo met with Roosevelt and reported back that the president wanted "the closest possible marriage between the FBI and British Intelligence."...Churchill now instructed Stewart Menzies, head of MI6, to appoint William Stephenson as the head of the British Security Coordination (BSC). Menzies told Gladwyn Jebb on 3rd June, 1940: "I have appointed Mr W.S. Stephenson to take charge of my organisation in the USA and Mexico. As I have explained to you, he has a good contact with an official (J. Edgar Hoover) who sees the President daily. I believe this may prove of great value to the Foreign Office in the future outside and beyond the matters on which that official will give assistance to Stephenson. Stephenson leaves this week. Officially he will go as Principal Passport Control Officer for the USA." ...Ian Fleming, Louis Mountbatten and James Roosevelt were visitors to the British Security Coordination head office. Grace Garner recalls: "Mountbatten would not come to the office frequently. Fleming came in from time to time, and of course they were both so good-looking that just like dominoes, the girls would go down - whoosh, like that.... James Roosevelt, the president's son, did a few things in the way of propaganda for Britain, and he appeared at meetings." ...At the end of the Second World War the files of British Security Coordination were packed onto semitrilers and transported to Camp X in Canada. Stephenson wanted to have some record of the activities of the agency, "To provide a record which would be available for reference should future need arise for secret activities and security measures for the kind it describes." He recruited Roald Dahl, H. Montgomery Hyde, Giles Playfair, Gilbert Highet and Tom Hill, to write the book. Stephenson told Dahl: "We don't dare to do it in the United States, we have to do it on British territory." Dahl commented: "He pulled a lot over Hoover... He pulled a few things over the White House, too, now and again. I wrote a little bit but eventually I called Bill and told him that it's an historian's job... This famous history of the BSC through the war in New York was written by Tom Hill and a few other agents." Only twenty copies of the book were printed. Ten went into a safe in Montreal and ten went to Stephenson for distribution.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_X...Camp X was established December 6, 1941 by the chief of British Security Coordination (BSC), Sir William Stephenson, a Canadian from Winnipeg, Manitoba, and a close confidante of Winston Churchill and Franklin Delano Roosevelt.[1] The camp was originally designed to link Britain and the United States at a time when the US was forbidden by the Neutrality Act to be directly involved in World War II.

Before the attack on Pearl Harbor and America's entry into the war, Camp X opened for the purpose of training Allied agents from the Special Operations Executive, Federal Bureau of Investigation, and American Office of Strategic Services (OSS) intended to be dropped behind enemy lines as saboteurs and spies. However, even before the United States entered the war on December 7, 1941, agents from America's intelligence services expressed an interest in sending personnel for training at the soon to be opened Camp X. Agents head of the OSS, who credited Sir William Stephenson with teaching Americans about foreign intelligence gathering. The CIA even named their recruit training facility "The Farm", a nod to the original farm that existed at the Camp X site.

Camp X was jointly operated by the BSC and the Government of Canada.[1] The official names of the camp were many: S 25-1-1 by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), Project-J by the Canadian military, and Special Training School 103 by the Special Operations Executive, administered under the cover of the Ministry of Economic Warfare [[MEW].

Overview In 1940 Winston Churchill dispatched a Canadian industrialist to New York with an extraordinary mission in a neutral country: to set up a secret spy network across both North and South America to cripple and confound Nazi propaganda and to fan the flames of pro-war sentiment. Sir William Stephenson (of A Man Called Intrepid fame) set up shop in Rockefeller Center to build a vast intelligence network-the British Security Coordination-the full story of which is now told for the first time. Operating on still-neutral soil, Stephenson's people soon launched an astonishing bagful of dirty tricks: they unmasked Axis spies, intercepted enemy communications, slipped beautiful female spies into the Vichy and Italian embassies in Washington, infiltrated labor unions, and spread British propaganda using U.S. radio stations and such prominent journalists as Walter Winchell and Drew Pearson. The complete report-commissioned at the end of the war and written by Roald Dahl and Gilbert Highet, among others-has been kept secret until now.

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

http://www.newyorksocialdiary.com/node/1907215...For this episode, her camera takes us back behind the gates of Terra Mar, David and Ailsa Mellon Bruce’s 120-acre Syosset estate. Then, a week in Chicago at the Lester Armours' Lake Bluff sanctuary where the diversions of the North Shore’s affluent aristocrats are in stark contrast to the 1940 Democratic National Convention’s platform supporting FDR’s New Deal. After that, a private plane has been reserved for a jaunt to Saratoga where George Widener has invited Ellen Frazer and Polly Howe to lunch and a day at the races.

In 1932 Mr. Widener’s uncle Joseph Widener opened the palatial Hialeah Park race track, modeled on Deauville, as millions of Americans were in the throes of economic despair. At the same time, the Wrigley chewing-gum family had transformed the Arizona Biltmore into a more luxurious resort, a winter refuge for mostly Social Register Chicago families.

Ailsa Mellon Bruce. When Ailsa Mellon died in 1969, her estate was valued at more than $570 million, widely regarded as the richest woman in the United States.

Andrew William Mellon (March 24, 1855 – August 26, 1937) was an American banker, industrialist, philanthropist, art collector, and Secretary of the Treasury from March 4, 1921 until February 12, 1932....Mellon's policies helped reduce the overall public debt (the national debt skyrocketed from $1.5 billion in 1916 to $24 billion in 1919 because of World War I obligations) from $33 billion in 1919 to about $16 billion in 1929 [7], but then the Depression caused it to rise again because of reduced revenue and increasing spending. By 1935, Franklin Roosevelt had gone back to high tax rates and wiped out Andrew Mellon's initiatives. The top tax rate went to 80% by 1935 and the federal government increased excise taxes in an attempt to make up for the lost revenue...Great Depression

Mellon became unpopular with the onset of the Great Depression. He advised President Herbert Hoover to "liquidate labor, liquidate stocks, liquidate farmers, liquidate real estate… it will purge the rottenness out of the system. High costs of living and high living will come down.

Impeachment proceedings

In January 1932, Rep. Wright Patman and others introduced articles of impeachment against Mellon,[9] with hearings before the House Judiciary Committee at the end of that month.[10] After the hearings were over, but before the scheduled vote on whether to report the articles to the full House, Mellon accepted an appointment to the post of Ambassador to the Court of St. James and resigned in February. He served for one year and then retired to private life.

Representative Louis Thomas McFadden invoked Mellon's appointment while an impeachment was pending in his subsequent attempt to impeach President Hoover

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_K._E._BruceDavid K. E. Bruce - February 12, 1898 - December 5, 1977 was an American diplomat, and the only American to serve as Ambassador to France, the Republic of Germany and the United Kingdom.

On May 29, 1926, Bruce married Ailsa Mellon, the daughter of the banker and diplomat Andrew W. Mellon. They divorced on April 20, 1945.

Their only daughter, Audrey, and her husband, Stephen Currier, were presumed dead when a plane in which they were flying in the Caribbean disappeared on January 17, 1967, after requesting permission to fly over Culebra, a U. S. Navy installation. No trace of the plane, pilot, or passengers was ever found. Audrey and Stephen Currier left three children: Andrea, Lavinia, and Michael.

Bruce married Evangeline Bell (1914–1995) on April 23, 1945, three days after his divorce.[2] They had two sons and one daughter, Alexandra (called Sasha). She died under mysterious circumstances (possibly murder or suicide) in 1975 at age 29 at the Bruce family home in Virginia.[3][4]

During World War II, he served with the Office of Strategic Services operation in London and observed the invasion of Normandy landing there the day after the initial invasion.

He served as the United States Ambassador to France from 1949 to 1952, United States Ambassador to West Germany from 1957 to 1959, and United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 1961 to 1969.

He was an American envoy at the Paris peace talks between the United States and North Vietnam in 1970 and 1971.

Bruce also served as the first United States emissary to the People's Republic of China from 1973 to 1974.[5]

He was the ambassador to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization from late 1974 to 1976.

Bruce was a candidate for director of its successor the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in 1950.

He is said to have written a secret report on the CIA for President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1956 that was highly critical of its operation under Allan Dulles's leadership.[6]

Bruce purchased and restored Staunton Hill, his family's former estate in Charlotte County, Virginia. He received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1976.

Bruce served as the Honorary Chair on the Board of Trustees of the American School in London during his diplomatic career in the United Kingdom. The David K.E. Bruce Award was established in 2007 at the school.[7]

He died on December 5, 1977 of a heart attack at Georgetown University Medical Center.[

Bruce served in the United States Army during the Second World War. He was head of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) in London and in 1944 took part in the liberation of Paris. After the war he worked for the European Cooperation Administration....President Harry Truman appointed Bruce as the US Ambassador to France (1949-52). According to Evan Thomas (The Very Best Men) Bruce discovered that the CIA was involved in a plot to overthrow the government of Guatemala in 1952. Bruce joined forces with the Secretary of State, Dean Acheson, to persuade Truman that "overthrowing the duly elected government of a Central American country would do more harm than good."

Bruce moved to Washington where he associated with a group of journalists, politicians and government officials that became known as the Georgetown Set. This included Frank Wisner, George Kennan, Dean Acheson, Richard Bissell, Desmond FitzGerald, Joseph Alsop, Stewart Alsop, Tracy Barnes, Thomas Braden, Philip Graham, Clark Clifford, Walt Rostow, Eugene Rostow, Chip Bohlen, Cord Meyer, James Angleton, William Averill Harriman, John McCloy, Felix Frankfurter, John Sherman Cooper, James Reston, Allen W. Dulles and Paul Nitze.

Most men brought their wives to these gatherings. Members of what was later called the Georgetown Ladies' Social Club included Katharine Graham, Mary Pinchot Meyer, Sally Reston, Polly Wisner, Joan Braden, Lorraine Cooper, Evangeline Bruce, Avis Bohlen, Janet Barnes, Tish Alsop, Cynthia Helms, Marietta FitzGerald, Phyllis Nitze and Annie Bissell.

In 1956 President Dwight Eisenhower appointed Bruce as a member of the President's Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities (PBCFIA).

Eisenhower asked Bruce to write a report on the CIA. It was presented to Eisenhower on 20th December, 1956. Bruce argued that the CIA's covert actions were "responsible in great measure for stirring up the turmoil and raising the doubts about us that exists in many countries in the world today." Bruce was also highly critical of Operation Mockingbird. He argued: "what right have we to go barging around in other countries buying newspapers and handling money to opposition parties or supporting a candidate for this, that, or the other office."

Eisenhower appointed Bruce as US Ambassador to West Germany (1957-59). He returned to office when President John F. Kennedy made him Ambassador to Great Britain in 1961. He held the post until the resignation of Lyndon B. Johnson.

David Kirkparick Bruce died in 1977.

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Alan Armstrong presents a concise discussion on Joint Board 355 in which President Roosevelt on July 23, 1941, authorized the bombing of Japan by way of a campaign of secret air warfare with American planes and pilots operating from China under cover of the Chinese Air Force.=====================

(Above: Outlined phases to the arming of China with American Aircraft.)

(Above: Joint Board 355 Secret Document folder.)

(Above: Letter from Robert Patterson, Acting Secretary of War and Frank Knox, Secretary of the Navy to President Roosevelt concerning recommendations to furnish China with bombers in preparation for attacks on Japan.)

(Above: Telegram from Lauchlin Currie to American Embassy in China for delivery to Madame Chiang concerning the go ahead for bombers being sent to China.)

(Above: Decoded radio message from Tokyo to Japanese HQ in Southeast Asia concerning Japanese knowledge of the bomber sale to China. Radio intercept May 29, 1941 was decoded by American officials June 3, 1941)

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

http://aotearoaawiderperspective.wordpress.com/2008/04/29/explosive-truth-about-pearl-harbor-the-story-the-rest-of-the-media-wont-tell/EXPLOSIVE TRUTH ABOUT PEARL HARBOR: THE STORY THE REST OF THE MEDIA WON’T TELL- JOSEPH LEIB...How could the Japanese fleet sail across the Pacific without detection? Where did Japan obtain the detailed information about the deployment of U.S. forces on Oahu? Why were our ships and planes lined up so neatly together, inviting attack? How could our fighting forces be caught so off-guard? How could they be taken so totally by surprise?...A full week earlier, on November 29, I learned about the impending attack from an unlikely source – Cordell Hull, Roosevelt’s own secretary of state. To put the matter into proper perspective, I should explain how and why Hull came to entrust me with the terrible secret of Pearl Harbor. ...Hull began to talk. His words came slowly at first and then fairly streamed from his mouth. It was as if he could barely wait to pronounce them he was so anxious to tell the story.

I could only sit in startled silence as Hull told me Japan was going to attack Pearl Harbor within a few days, and pulled from his inside coat pocket a transcript of Japanese radio intercepts detailing the plan. Recovering from my shock, I began to question him.

“Why are you telling me this?” I blurted out. “Why don’t you hold a press conference and issue a warning?”

“I don’t know anyone else I can trust,” he replied, shaking his head. “I’ve confided in some of your colleagues in the past, but they’ve always gotten me into hot water. You’ve had the goods on me for months; yet you’ve kept your promise not to publish them. You’re the only one I can turn to.”

“Does the President know the Japs are going to attack Pearl Harbor?”

“Of course he does. He’s fully aware of the plans. So is Hoover at the FBI. Roosevelt and I got into a terrible argument, but he refuses to do anything about it. He wants us in this war, and an attack in Hawaii will give him just the opportunity. That’s why I can’t hold a press conference. I’d be denounced by the White House. No one would believe me!”..

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Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: For he maketh sore, and bindeth up: he woundeth, and his hands make whole ; He shall deliver thee in six troubles: yea, in seven there shall no evil touch thee. - Job 5

“Of course he does. He’s fully aware of the plans. So is Hoover at the FBI. Roosevelt and I got into a terrible argument, but he refuses to do anything about it. He wants us in this war, and an attack in Hawaii will give him just the opportunity. That’s why I can’t hold a press conference. I’d be denounced by the White House. No one would believe me!”..