Slow Shutter Speed Technique 3:

Using a Slow Shutter Speed to Create Motion Blur

Slow shutter speed technique is either used with the subject moving or the camera moving. Or
both! In panning, the
camera is moving. When painting
with light, the subject is moving. Motion blur is another technique to try where the subject is moving.

In the shot below, the photographer has used motion blur to create a sense of the train actually
moving, just leaving the station, and a sense of speed too. Shots like this are fairly easy to do with the right
shutter speed. Too long a shutter speed would have blurred the entire train but here
the photographer used a shutter speed of 1/4 second which works well. At this speed, you
almost certainly need to use a tripod if you want the majority of the image to be sharp.

Including human interest is always good and in the next shot the photographer has used a man
standing at the kerb as the still point of the photograph. A similarly slow shutter speed
has been used, 1/5 second. With a longer focal length you will have less light entering
the lens so your shutter speed will need to be longer. How much longer depends on how much
longer the focal length is! So experiment a bit and adjust as you go. Try using shutter
priority mode on your camera which allows you to choose your shutter speed while the
camera takes care of the aperture and ISO for you and ensures the shot has the correct exposure.

Because of the long exposure, you may find that too much light gets into the lens so
you will have to compensate. One obvious way to do this is to shoot at dusk or after
dark which can be great for producing light trails as in the shot below. Notice though that
night shots like this require a much longer exposure, 30 seconds in this case.

If you are shooting during the day, there are many ways to compensate for too much light. Decreasing
the ISO is one way. The lower the number the better. Using a small aperture is another. The higher the
number the better. In shutter priority mode this should happen anyway but if you set your camera
to manual mode, choose the highest setting (f stop) and then try out different shutter speeds to
suit. The third way is to use a
neutral density filter
which will cut down the amount of
light entering the lens. If you don't have a neutral density filter then try placing your sunglasses
in front of the lens when you take the shot. A polarizing filter will have a similar effect
but will change the tone/colour of the final image.

The final shot is a beautiful example of light trails using this technique. The photographer
has used a 30 second shutter speed for this but what gives the wonderful glow to the trails
is the fact that he has combined eight separate shots in one image - very nice!

Find Out More!

Great for beginners and serious amateurs,
Understanding Shutter Speed
is the definitive handy guide to mastering shutter speed for superb results.

Bryan Peterson presents clear, jargon-free explanations of terms and techniques, plus
compelling "before-and-after" photos that pair a mediocre image (created using the wrong
shutter speed) with a great image (created using the right shutter speed). This is the
definitive practical guide to mastering an often-confusing subject.

Topics include freezing and implying motion, panning, zooming, exposure, Bogen Super Clamps,
and rendering motion effects with Photoshop, all with helpful guidance for both digital
and film formats.