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1.antiparamesonephric hormone (APH): causes the regression of the paramesonephric ducts

2.chromosomal sex: determined by the sex chromosome contribution of the sperm

3.genital ridges/primordial germ cells: progenitor tissues from which ovaries or testes develop. they are said to be bipotential because they are able to develop into either of two very different types of cells

4.germ line: the lineage of cells from the PCGs to the gametes

5.gonadal sex: whether ovaries or testes will develop

6.indifferent gonad: no overt features mark the gonad as either testis or an ovary

7.Leydig cells: what the interstitial cells differentiate into; begin to secrete testosterone by the end of the 8th week which simulates the development of the mesonephric ducts

8.phenotypic sex: the nature of the internal and external genetalia

9.sertoli cells: what the somatic cells of the cords differentiate into, secrete APH beginning at the end of the 7th week

13.spermatogonial cells: The PCGs that are enveloped by Sertoli cells differentiate into these and at this point they cease dividing and they enter and remain in a quiescent state until puberty when spermatogenesis is initiated