Letter Q

QUAD - One quadrillion (1015 or
1,000,000,000,000,000) British thermal units (Btus). An amount of energy equal to 170
million barrels of oil. Total U.S. consumption of all forms of energy is (in the 1990s)
about 83 quads in an average year.

QUALIFYING FACILITY - A cogenerator or
small power producer which under federal law, has the right to sell its excess power
output to the public utility.

QUALIFYING FACILITY - QFs are non-utility power producers that often generate electricity using
renewable and alternative resources, such as hydro, wind, solar, geothermal or
biomass (solid waste). QFs must meet certain operating, efficiency, and fuel-use
standards set forth by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). If they
meet these FERC standards, utilities must buy power from them. QFs usually have
long-term contracts with utilities for the purchase of this power, which is among
the utility's highest-priced resources.

QUALIFYING FACILITY (QF) -
Under PURPA, QFs were allowed to sell their electric output to the local
utility at avoided cost rates. To become a QF, the independent power
supplier had to produce electricity with a specified fuel type
(cogeneration or renewables), and meet certain ownership, size, and
efficiency criteria established by the Federal Energy
Regulatory Commission.