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Affecting 20 to 30 % of children under the age of five, sleep disorders can seriously affect a child's health. This authoritative guide illustrates the consequences of sleep disordered breathing and offers a state-of-the-art overview of methods to identify, diagnose, and treat sleep disorders in children. Covering the latest research related to the medical and surgical management of disease, high-risk groups, psychosocial effects, and the examination of sleep study results, this source helps practitioners understand normal sleep patterns, recognize common sleep conditions, and implement appropriate care protocols for optimum patient health.

Preface

iii

Contributors

xiii

1. Pediatric Sleep Disorders

1

(18)

Charles M. Bower and R. Mark Ray

Chapter Highlights

1

(1)

Introduction

1

(1)

Sleep Disorders Centers

2

(1)

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

3

(4)

Diagnosis

7

(3)

Narcolepsy

10

(1)

Parasomnias

11

(1)

Disorders of Sleep Onset

12

(2)

Summary

14

(1)

References

15

(4)

2. Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea

19

(10)

Jonathan Perkins

Chapter Highlights

19

(1)

Introduction

19

(1)

Pediatric Breathing Physiology During Sleep

20

(2)

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

22

(4)

References

26

(3)

3. Nonobstructive Sleep Patterns in Children

29

(14)

Rees L. Lee

Chapter Highlights

29

(1)

Introduction

30

(1)

Control of Breathing

30

(1)

Sleep Patterns of Disordered Breathing Control

31

(2)

Clinical Presentation

33

(2)

Diseases Associated with Abnormal Respiratory Control

35

(5)

References

40

(3)

4. Behavioral Insomnia of Childhood: The Diagnosis and Treatment of Bedtime Problems and Night Wakings

43

(14)

Lisa J. Meltzer

Chapter Highlights

43

(1)

Introduction

44

(1)

Diagnostic Criteria

44

(2)

Impact of Behavioral Insomnia of Childhood

46

(1)

Assessment

47

(1)

Treatment

48

(4)

Practical Suggestions for Parental Limit-Setting

52

(2)

Prognosis for Behavioral Insomnia of Childhood

54

(1)

References

55

(2)

5. Sleep Apnea in Children

57

(14)

Mark A. Richardson

Chapter Highlights

57

(1)

Introduction

57

(1)

History

58

(2)

Questionnaires

60

(1)

Physical Exam

60

(1)

Overall Craniofacial Appearance

60

(3)

Flexible Fiberoptic Exam

63

(1)

Special Circumstances

64

(2)

Home VideoľAudio

66

(1)

Conservative Management

66

(1)

Conclusion

66

(1)

Appendix A: Obstructive Sleep Apnea-18 Survey Domains and Items

67

(1)

Appendix B: Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (Chervin)

68

(1)

References

69

(2)

6. Diagnostic Testing for Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Interpretation of the Polysomnogram