China launches spacecraft to go to Moon orbit and return back

Beijing: China Friday launched an unmanned spacecraft to fly around the moon and back to Earth in order to test technologies to be used in the Chang’e-5, a future probe that will conduct the country’s first Moon mission with a provision to return back.

The lunar orbiter was launched atop an advanced Long March-3C rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China’s Sichuan Province in the early hours.

The test spacecraft separated from its carrier rocket and entered the expected orbit shortly after the liftoff, the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence said.

The whole mission will take about eight days.

Developed by China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the spacecraft will fly around the moon for half a circle and return to Earth.

On its return, the test spacecraft will approach the terrestrial atmosphere at a velocity of nearly 11.2 kilometers per second and rebound to slow down before re-entering the atmosphere.

It will land in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, state-run Xinhua news agency reported.

The mission is to obtain experimental data and validate re-entry technologies such as guidance, navigation and control, heat shield and trajectory design for a future touch-down on the moon by Chang’e-5, which is expected to be sent to the moon, collect samples and return to Earth in 2017.

It is the first time China has conducted a test involving a half-orbiter around the moon at a height of 380,000 kilometers before having the spacecraft return to Earth.

The test orbiter is a precursor to the last phase of a three-step moon probe project, a lunar sample return mission.

China carried out Chang’e-1 and Chang’e-2 missions in 2007 and 2010, respectively, capping the orbital phase.

The ongoing second phase saw Chang’e-3 with the country’s first moon rover Yutu onboard succeed in soft landing on the moon in December 2013.

Chang’e-4 is the backup probe of Chang’e-3 and will help pave the way for future probes.