July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 183 days remaining until the end of the year. The end of this day marks the halfway point of a leap year. It also falls on the same day of the week as New Year’s Day in a leap year.

In 1690,Glorious Revolution: Battle of the Boyne (as reckoned under the Julian calendar). Here the Army of England’s Protestant King, William III, defeats former Roman Catholic king James II in the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland, winning the Crown of Britain and Ireland.

In 1784,Wilhelm Friedemann Bach, German composer (b. 1710) dies. He the second child and eldest son of Johann Sebastian Bach and Maria Barbara Bach, was a German composer and performer. Despite his acknowledged genius as an organist, improviser and composer, his income and employment were unstable and he died in poverty.

In 1820, The first toll was collected on the Erie Canal. The Erie Canal connected the Hudson River with the Great Lakes.

In 1831, Admiral James C Ross reaches magnetic North Pole.

In 1837, A system of the civil registration of births, marriages and deaths is established in England and Wales.

In 1847, the first national adhesive U.S. postage stamps went on sale; they were 5-cent stamps bearing a likeness of Benjamin Franklin and a 10-cent stamp with a picture featuring George Washington. At that time, the cost of mailing a letter was five cents an ounce, more than it costs a century later from this year.

In 1850, Overland mail delivery west of the Missouri River is organized for the first time on a monthly basis from Independence, Mo., to Salt Lake City, Utah.

In 1860,Charles Goodyear, American engineer (b. 1800) dies of heart failure. He was an American self taught manufacturing engineer who invented and developed a process to vulcanize rubber in 1839, which he improved while living and working in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1844, and for which he received patent number 3633 from the United States Patent Office on June 15, 1844. Though Goodyear is often credited with its invention, modern evidence has proven that the Mesoamericans used stabilized rubber for balls and other objects as early as 1600 BC. Goodyear discovered the vulcanization process accidentally after five years of searching for a more stable rubber and stumbling upon the effectiveness of heating. He was among six individuals selected for induction into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.

In 1862, Congress passes the Morrill Act to punish and prevent polygamy in the territories (bad news for Utah). It was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on July 2, 1862.

In 1863,John F. Reynolds, American general (b. 1820) is killed in battle. He was a career United States Army officer and a general in the American Civil War. One of the Union Army‘s most respected senior commanders, he played a key role in committing the Army of the Potomac to the Battle of Gettysburg and was killed at the start of the battle. On the morning of July 1, 1863, Reynolds was commanding the “left wing” of the Army of the Potomac, with operational control over the I, III, and XI Corps, and Brig. Gen. John Buford‘s cavalry division. Buford occupied the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and set up light defensive lines north and west of the town. He resisted the approach of two Confederate infantry brigades on the Chambersburg Pike until the nearest Union infantry, Reynolds’ I Corps, began to arrive. Reynolds rode out ahead of the 1st Division, met with Buford, and then accompanied some of his soldiers, probably from Brig. Gen. Lysander Cutler‘s brigade, into the fighting at Herbst’s Woods. Troops began arriving from Brig. Gen. Solomon Meredith‘s Iron Brigade, and as Reynolds was supervising the placement of the 2nd Wisconsin, he yelled at them, “Forward men! For God’s sake forward!” At that moment he fell from his horse with a wound in the back of the upper neck, or lower head, and died almost instantly. Command passed to his senior division commander, Maj. Gen. Abner Doubleday. The loss of General Reynolds was keenly felt by the army. He was loved by his men and respected by his peers. There are no recorded instances of negative comments made by his contemporaries.

In 1884,Allan Pinkerton, Scottish-American detective (b. 1819) dies. He was a Scottish American detective and spy, best known for creating the Pinkerton National Detective Agency. Pinkerton was born in the Gorbals, Glasgow, Scotland. A cooper by trade, he was active in the British Chartist movement as a young man. Pinkerton married Joan Carfrae (a singer) in Glasgow on 13 March 1842 secretly before moving to America. Disillusioned by the failure to win suffrage, Pinkerton emigrated to the United States in 1842. In 1849 Pinkerton was appointed as the first detective in Chicago. In the 1850, he partnered with Chicago attorney Edward Rucker in forming the North-Western Police Agency,which later became Pinkerton&Co, and finally Pinkerton National Detective Agency and is still in existence today as Pinkerton Consulting and Investigations, a subsidiary of Securitas AB. Pinkerton’s business insignia was a wide open eye with the caption “We never sleep.” As the US expanded in territory, rail transportation increased. Pinkerton’s agency solved a series of train robberies during the 1850s, first bringing Pinkerton into contact with George McClellan, then Chief Engineer and Vice President of the Illinois Central Railroad, and Abraham Lincoln, the company’s lawyer. Following the outbreak of the Civil War, Pinkerton served as head of the Union Intelligence Service in 1861–1862 and foiled an alleged assassination plot in Baltimore, Maryland, while guarding Abraham Lincoln on his way to his inauguration. His agents often worked undercover as Confederate soldiers and sympathizers, in an effort to gather military intelligence. Pinkerton served in several undercover missions under the alias of Major E.J. Allen. Pinkerton was succeeded as Intelligence Service chief by Lafayette Baker. The Intelligence Service was the forerunner of the U.S. Secret Service. Allan Pinkerton died in Chicago on July 1, 1884. It is claimed that the reason was an accident in which Pinkerton slipped on the pavement and bit his tongue, resulting in deadly gangrene. However, reports of the time give different conflicting causes such as Pinkerton succumbing to a stroke (he had survived another one a year earlier) or to malaria he had contracted during a trip to the Southern United States. At the time of his death, he was working on a system that would centralize all criminal identification records, a database now maintained by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

In 1911, Casimir Funk, a polish biochemist, first used the word ‘vitamins’ to describe certain chemicals required for a healthy diet; “vitamins” is from the Latin word for life, “vita”, and ammonia derivatives, “amine”

In 1911, the self-starter for the automobile was invented by Charles F. Kettering.

In 1959, Specific values for the international yard, avoirdupois pound and derived units (e.g. inch, mile and ounce) are adopted after agreement between the U.S.A., the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries.

In 1963,ZIP codes are introduced for United States mail. Birthday greetings go out to Mr. Zip of the United States Post Office this day. The familiar character seen on the sides of mailboxes and on posters is now in his late forties. Mr. Zip was introduced to help educate people to use the 5-digit ZIP code (Zone Instant Post, or Zone Improvement Program). Today, Mr. Zip has new members of the family. There are four digits after the original five, to get that mail to you even faster. No matter what you call it it’s still snail mail to us.

In 1979, Susan B. Anthony, an activist for the cause of women’s suffrage, was commemorated this day on a U.S. coin, the Susan B. Anthony dollar. The coin, roughly the size of a quarter, was confused by many with the quarter and the U.S. Treasury Department eventually stopped producing the coins. They took as many as possible out of circulation.

Tweets

Recent Photos

St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital

Freedom

"Freedom" like life is fragile and delicate and can be ended without warning or fanfare or gradually like the sands of time.
Frank Neudecker

Kitty’s Place Very Comfortable 4 Blocks from Beach, 2 Blocks from Bay

Kitty's Place
Would you like to visit someplace nice... maybe just the two of you. Kitty's home is 5 years old, beautifully furnished, very family oriented. To Kitty your stay is important in that they strive to provide you with everything you need for your vacation or time away to relax.
Furnished with amenities for you to enjoy your vacation and fun in the sun. Very hospitable atmosphere, great beach, amusement parks only miles away, and shopping at a great Outlet Mall only minutes away. Newly installed above ground pool. Minutes to the famous Ft. Morgan. Great sunsets, beautiful waters, white sandy beaches. Very relaxing, very enjoyable.
Kitty's home is dog friendly and has it's own pool.
Email her at kittystuart65@gmail.com
You will love it.

What we stand For

There is one constant pledge that we live by and it is that our American Government is founded on the concept of the individuality and the dignity of the human being.
Underlying this concept is the belief that the human person is important because he was created by God and endowed by Him with certain unalienable rights which no civil authority may usurp.
The inclusion of God in our pledge or our money or in our courts and buildings further acknowledge the dependence of our people and our Government upon the moral directions of the Creator, our Father, the Lord God Almighty.
This is the principal of government and reporting that we stand by....

FAIR USE NOTICE:

This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a ‘fair use’ of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U. S. C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information go to: http://www. law. cornell. edu/uscode/17/107. shtml“