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11.
There are many types of open spaces such as:
Water ways
parks
Green areas Playing fieldplayground
plaza square Street

12.
Water ways:
include both natural lacks, rivers and streams which represent
rich wildlife habitats and offer recreational value.

13.
Water ways:
include manmade lacks and canals that offer recreational value.
They can also be used as movement paths.

14.
The Park :
“Is a natural preserved area available for recreation .”

15.
The park
The landscape:
• Its landscape shall consist of meadows, waterbodies, woodlands,
and open shelters.
meadows waterbodies open shelterswoodlands

16.
The park :
• The Surroundings:
• The park is Surrounded by the city from one side and open to
the natural lands from other sides
CITY Natural lands
• The size:
• The minimum size of
the park is 8 acres

29.
The Square
The Surroundings:
• Is defined by buildings frontages and is located at the
intersections of important thoroughfares.
Buildings frontages

30.
The Square
• The landscape:
Its landscape shall consist of, lawns and trees
And shall be formally disposed.
• The size:
The minimum size shall be 0.5 acre and the maximum size shall be
5 acres

31.
The streets
“Are the connections between spaces and places , and they are
considered as spaces themselves.”
• Types of streets
There are many types of streets differs in scale, characters, types of
buildings that line them such as main streets or pedestrian paths.

69.
Tree grates
Tree grates are the horizontal cover of the planting hole.
They are used to enable water to reach the roots of a tree.
They allow enough ventilation to the soil .
Tree Collar
A vertical element which surround the
stem of the tree to protect it.
It is fixed in the tree grate
The corner of tree collar should be
curved to prevent causing harm for
pedestrians

70.
Tree planters and pots
There are Many types of tree planters and are available for both tree and flowers.

71.
Signs
They convey messages that are essential to the function and safety of a space.

80.
Bollards
They act as a barrier separating traffic from pedestrian areas .

81.
Seating
The type and placement of sitting areas depend upon many factors like
the function of the space, the users… .
But in general setting area should be shaded- the seats should be
comfortable – from durable materials- with attractive shapes…….