John
Sebastian Bach is a great religious artist in the history of music in the
world, and is also a handful of fugue master. As a German composer in the
baroque period, the music works presented in the world all contain noble and
magnificent temperament, permeating the aesthetic value of music in the baroque
period. This assignment is intended to explore Bach's baroque style and
aesthetic consciousness revealed in his keyboard music all the time. Taking
gothenburg variations as an example of his late famous keyboard, this assignment
analyzes the application skills of several keyboard grace notes to highlight
his great achievement of music in the world.

Bach,
born in 1685 in central Germany thuringia a beautiful small town in the forest
- aisen HeCheng, people here have a passion for music, extremely is said to
have been engraved on the city's ancient city gate such a line of text
"music often shine in our town," the famous composer Richard Wagner
wrote operas also once in the classic "Tang Hao plug". Bach was born
in such a music town music family, so Bach has high music talent since
childhood, which is undoubtedly a great fortune for him. But Bach's fate was
unfortunate. He lost his mother at 9, his father at 10, and left home at 15,
living on his own music. In the study of god school and the life experience of
living rough, Bach learned music style from various European schools and
broadened his music vision. In 1723, Bach began as choir director of the church
of st Thomas in leipzig until his death. It was during this period of the
church choir that Bach settled down to write such masterpieces as the passion
of Matthew and the goldberg variations. And the gravestone that followed Bach's
death also remained in front of the church's main altar, forever accompanying
the church of st Thomas. It can be said that Bach devoted his whole life to
music, and even after his death was immersed in the creation of music forever,
was really born in the forest, grew up in the church.

Bach's
music is outstanding and unsurpassed because of his keen insight and creativity
on music. His music skill set is a reflection of the fusion style, which
includes the music style of buxhood, swellingk in northern Germany, vivaldi in
the south, lireli and coupland in the west. Bach's ability to combine these
different music styles with his own music can form his own understanding of
art. It can be said that the most classic polyphonic music and grace notes of
Bach's keyboard music are the common convergence points of multi-style
long-term evolution.

The
goldberg variations is a keyboard composition by Bach published during his time
in st Thomas' church. It is a keyboard work written by Bach late in his music
career. In this work, there is a typical "pre-classicism"
characteristic of baroque classical music, which not only has a relatively
rigorous and rational music architecture, but also has the unique combination
of multiple music styles of Bach, such as fugue, cannon, meditative music, aria
and so on. These highly skilled keyboard techniques and the combination of
improvisational imagination made "gothenburg variations" become the
epitome of Bach's lifetime keyboard works, and even influenced the creation
ideas of music masters such as Beethoven and Brahms, which became an
insurmountable peak in the history of keyboard music.

Baroque
in Portuguese is called baroque co, which means "not round pearl". It
was very popular in Europe in the 17th century, and was a pursuit of flashy and
dynamic elements in architectural art. In 1919, the German national music
scholar Curt Sachs applied it to the creation concept of music and summarized
the European music style from 1600 to 1750 in the half century, so this period
is also known as the "baroque music period". Bach grew up in this
period as a musician, so his music creation features are extremely expressive
and imaginative. His keyboard music works are also based on the former clavichord
piano and harpsichord piano, which made him the most influential music master
in Germany in the baroque period.

In
the music works of Bach, grace notes are the most common. Grace notes can make
music more lively, and they are keyboard music skills that can improve the
performance of music. Grace note rich keyboard music in a variety of emotions,
but also can be used according to music theme to play, will be more wonderful
music interpretation. Bach's grace note collection the trends of France and
Italy, two big music style, for example, in Italian opera parts in different
rhythm position of echo, shun chung short scale and tremolo, such as France
again to grace note mark in the application of the music style, two styles of
mix free Bach's grace note more flexible, allowing players use different
technique to interpret. Therefore, the baroque decorative tone in the keyboard
music of Bach all depends on the performer's understanding and aesthetic
ability of his works.

"Gothenburg
variations" is a collection of Bach's keyboard music skills. In the
repertoire, there are various types of grace notes, such as Boeing, echo,
trill, appoggiatura, arpeggio, double echo, Boeing and biecho, trill and
Boeing, appoggiatura and trill. On the whole, grace notes run through the whole
work, showing the music and skills everywhere, which greatly enhanced the
singing and music of the music. The extensive use of Boeing, echo and vibrato
also makes the performance of the work more difficult and requires more
players.

In
Bach's opinion, tremolo is a kind of ornamentation that starts above the
original note and promotes the whole relationship between the original note and
the original note. Trill has three functions: extension, modulation and
modification. Since the clavichord cannot be played on the clavichord, Bach
marked the vibrato mark in the work. The long vibrato, or the long note, is
used to stretch the time value of the note, so as to achieve the effect of
extension.

Bach
marked the tremolo at the top of the #D symbol in bar 20, indicating that the
beginning of bar 20 requires the playing technique of the tremolo, which starts
from this note and ends in this note. It also implies the inflection of the #D
in the mode of the second part. From the harmony perspective, the D major of
part ii must first turn to e minor, so the trills of this part should be
displayed in the leading tone of e minor until the main chord ends in e minor.

In
the variation of gothenburg, the central notes appeared 16 times, with the fast
music as the main scale modification position. Because the rapid performance in
this stage requires the elimination of the redundancy of the upper and lower
scales, which is also to enhance the fresh auditory experience of the works to
the audience.

Boeing
doesn't use as much vibrato in keyboard music as it does in vibrato, but it
does have three functions as well: delayed. Strengthens the stress and rhythm
effect.

An
echo is a sound that is played above the sound and passes through the sound
until it reaches the lower square and finally returns to the sound again. If
there is an echo mark above a tone, it means that the sound above the tone will
begin to sound down next, and if the sound down is found to be marked up above
the tone, it means that the tone will sound up and play. Echo is the most
special of all types of grace notes, and it is also the most musical. Echo
appeared 16 times in the variation of gothenburg, which has two functions of
modifying transition and highlighting leading tone.

Echo
occurs 12 times as the modified transition sound in the performance of the
work. The typical sound pattern it presents is to mark the echo mark between
two adjacent sound levels. This mark can make the players pay more attention to
the sound effect in the performance process and increase the interest of the
performance of the work.

In
addition, the variations of gothenburg also showed the types of dependent and
trill, trill and Boeing decorative notes. However, they did not appear
frequently, and their common role was to extend the tone. The purpose was to
make the players' left and right hands have the same motivation during the
performance.

There
are 9 pieces of cannon in the gothenburg variations. If a grace note is added
to one of the parts, the corresponding part should also be added to the grace
note. For example, in the 1-2 bars of the third variation of "gothenburg
variation", the high-pitched part appears first, and after the first
section imitates the high-pitched part by using the middle-tone part to form
the synchronization with the high-pitched part, which is also the main feature
of the consistency of the decorative tone modification of the cannon section.
It is worth noting that Bach used the appoggiatura to process the A scale in
the high part, and did the same to the middle part in the second section,
reflecting the essence of cannon's composition technique.

This
assignment analyzes Bach's keyboard music masterpiece "variations of
gothenburg" in terms of grace notes, and simply understands the writing
style of music in the baroque period. For the contemporary performer, want to
understand the use of melisma in Bach's keyboard music even more skill, it is
not enough to just rely on a "goldberg variations", its basic or want
to understand and grasp more baroque music culture, understand Bach, and
constantly in the keyboard practice repeatedly speculated the music style, use
the style and functional grace note, learn to add different grace note in the
most appropriate position. It should be said that the artistic value contained
in the works of Bach keyboard music is extremely profound, as Beethoven once
said in his evaluation of Bach, "Bach is not a brook, is the sea."