Collection Contents

Series 1
The Art of Computer Programming

Scope and Content Note

Hand-written notes on
The Art of Computer Programming, computer print-outs that were prepared for this book, various stages of the second edition of volume 2 of the book, 1980
revisions of the book, and the TeX form of the book. Also included is the correspondence received on the book, and correspondence
between Knuth and his editor, Marion Howe.

The Art of Computer Programming describes the body of scientific knowledge on the programming of digital computers. The second edition led to Dr. Knuth's
development of METAFONT, his computer design typeface system allowing subtle changes in alphabet design, and his page-formatting
system, TeX; both systems are intended for the creation of beautiful books by the hand of the original author/printer.

Notes on the second edition of Volume 2, by Donald Knuth, July 30, 1980:

I began to revise the first edition in November 1974, just after finishing revisions for the second printing of Volume 3.
Worked steadily until October 1975, preparing hundreds of hand-written inserts. The intent was to preserve the existing page
numbering. Marion Howe at Addison-Wesley unscrambled my manuscript using scissors, tape, etc. During 1976, Addison-Wesley
found that the number of changes necessitated a complete resetting of the book. Cost of Monotype had skyrocketed; tried to
match fonts on Linotron 505, no luck. I discussed the problem with Addison-Wesley chairman (Cummings) during a visit to Boston;
decision was made to prepare new fonts for Linotron 505 by photographing the old ones. First results of this were awful; they
tried to tune things up. Finally in the spring of 1977, I decided to work on typography myself, and I told them to stop trying
as their method was not going to work. During the rest of 1977, I developed TeX and proto-METAFONT; was ready to compose Volume
2 in spring of 1978. I mostly worked on METAFONT and refinements to TeX during 1979, then returned to Volume 2 in 1980, when
I made further technical revisions during April-June to incorporate the research results accumulated since 1975.

I saved the following things for Archives: A. Original manuscript, as unscrambled by Marion Howe. B. Galley proofs from Universities
Press, Belfast, showing why I got into typesetting. C. Galley proofs I made while recomposing the book in 1978. D. TeX form
of Chapter 3 at the time I sent Addison-Wesley the first results of my work (June 1978). E. Marion Howe's comments on my initial
try at Chapter 3. F. The state of the entire book as of the end of 1978: Chapter 3 revised, and Chapter 4 in its initial form.
This copy also shows markings made by Marion Howe, and changes I made during 1980 (this was my source document for the final
revision in 1980). G. The state of the entire book after 1980 revision but before proofreading by Aspvall and Liang, and before
the final revision of the Computer Modern fonts. H. The state of the book just before final camera-ready copy made, showing
last-minute refinements and the index. I. TeX form of the book as printed.

Boxes 31-36: Subsequent editions of Volumes 1, 2 and 3

Notes, by Donald Knuth, August 25, 1988

From February 1995 to February 1998, my major project was to produce new editions of the existing volumes of The Art of Computer
Programming: Volume 1 (3rd edition), Volume 2 (3rd edition), and Volume 3 (2nd edition). These were the first new editions
of Volumes 1 and 3 since 1975, and the first new edition of Volume 2 since 1981. My work on typesetting, and other projects
such as Concrete Mathematics, 3:16 Bible Texts Illuminated, and The Stanford GraphBase, had occupied nearly all of my time
since 1977; now I could best return to The Art of Computer Programming by applying the typesetting software I had constructed
to the main task that had motivated it from the beginning.

The first major use of TeX had been to produce the second edition of Volume 2 in 1981. My secretary, Phyllis Winkler, then
put the texts of Volumes 1 and 3 into the same form; but I never had had time to use the results of her work, because the
international use of TeX had become so great that I knew I would have to completely revise that system. Thus in 1995 all I
had "online" was a set of approximations to Volumes 1, 2, and 3, expressed in an old version of the TeX language that had
become obsolete in 1982.

I also had received many hundreds of letters from readers, and had made significant amendments to the text; I began to put
those changes into electronic form, as a 350-page list of errata to the old editions. Silvio Levy volunteered to convert the
old TeX files to modern TeX form, and to incorporate all of the new errata, while carefully proofreading everything; he began
this work in 1996, while I was still gather the errata together.

Finally in January of 1997, my errata lists were complete, and Silvio had also finished preparing the new electronic version
of Volume 1. I began on January 11 to prepare the final version of that volume, and I had the first ten pages done on January
31.

Meanwhile another volunteer, Jeffrey Oldham, had begun to convert all of the illustrations to electronic form in the METAPOST
language – a major undertaking involving more than 600 illustrations, many of which were quite complex. While I was working
on Volume 1, Levy and Oldham continued to prepare the text and illustrations for Volumes 2 and 3.

I soon found that the existence of these documents in electronic form changed everything: The temptation to make small improvements
(once prohibitively expensive but now easy) became irresistible. Therefore I soon found that I wanted to make dozens of improvements
to every page. Fortunately the typographical tools now available made it possible for me to do this with reasonable speed,
and I completed Volume 1 at 4am on April 21.

Volume 2 was more of the same; I began it on April 29 and finished on September 3 (this time at 5:30 am). Work on Volume 3
began on September 16 – coincidentally the day my first grandchild was born! -- and consumed most of my energy until 4:30
am on February 27, 1998. The completed volumes totaled 670 +776 + 794 = 2240 pages.

In these boxes I have placed the main things that seem to be worth archiving:

0a. Xerox of the notebook entries I made while doing the work. 0b. Copies of email correspondence with Silvio Levy, 1995-1998.
1a. Volume 1 illustration proofs, showing the figures as received from Jeffrey Oldham. Handwritten corrections show most of
the changes that I incorporated into the master files as I polished the book. 1b. Volume 1 first proofs: Pages formatted as
received from Levy, with markings to show changes that I made while proofreading. (Most of the corrections are in green ink;
red ink shows later changes made after the "green" ones were already corrected. This saved paper!) When I made extensive amendments,
my first pencil drafts are often interfiled; but the drafts of shorter amendments were not saved. 1c. Volume 1 after I had
completed one pass over the entire book. I laserprinted just this one copy and had it velo-bound, for use in preparing the
index; then I circled items that needed to be indexed. 1d. Volume 1 index proofs: An inverted index of the old edition (used
to cross-check that my new indexing hadn't forgotten anything), followed by the first proof of the new index. 2a, 2b, 2c,
2d. Same as above, but for Volume 2. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d. Same as above, but for Volume 3.

Proofs for the 3rd edition of Volumes 1 and 2 and for the 2nd edition of Volume 3

Box 31, Folder 1

Notebook entries (photocopies)

Box 31, Folder 2

E-mail with Silvio Levy 1995 Aug. - 1996 Feb.

Box 31, Folder 3

E-mail with Silvio Levy 1996 Mar. - July

Box 31, Folder 4

E-mail with Silvio Levy 1996 Aug. - 1997 Mar.

Box 31, Folder 5

E-mail with Silvio Levy 1997 May - 1998 Jan.

Box 31, Folder 6

Volume 1 illustration proofs

Box 31, Folder 7

Volume 1 Proofs: Preface - p. 99

Box 31, Folder 8

Volume 1 Proofs: pp. 100-199

Box 31, Folder 9

Volume 1 Proofs: pp. 200-299

Box 31, Folder 10

Volume 1 Proofs: pp. 300-399

Box 32, Folder 1

Volume 1 Proofs: pp. 400-499

Box 32, Folder 2

Volume 1 Proofs: pp. 500-624

Box 32, Folder 3

Volume 1 Bound Proof

Box 33, Folder 1

Volume 1 Index Proofs

Box 33, Folder 2

Volume 2 illustration proofs

Box 33, Folder 3

Volume 2 Proofs: Preface - p. 99

Box 33, Folder 4

Volume 2 Proofs: pp. 100-300

Box 33, Folder 5

Volume 2 Proofs: pp. 301-500

Box 33, Folder 6

Volume 2 Proofs: pp. 501 - end

Box 34, Folder 1

Volume 2 Bound Proof

Box 34, Folder 2

Volume 2 Index Proofs

Box 34, Folder 3

Volume 3 illustration proofs

Box 35, Folder 1

Volume 3 Proofs: Preface and section 5.2

Box 35, Folder 2

Volume 3 Proofs: Section 5.2.1 - 5.2.3

Box 35, Folder 3

Volume 3 Proofs: Section 5.2.4 - 5.3.3

Box 35, Folder 4

Volume 3 Proofs: Section 5.3.4 - 5.4.4

Box 35, Folder 5

Volume 3 Proofs: Section 5.4.5 - 6.2.1

Box 35, Folder 6

Volume 3 Proofs: Section 6.2.2 - 6.3

Box 35, Folder 7

Volume 3 Proofs: Section 6.4 - end

Box 35, Folder 8

Volume 3 Index Proofs

Box 36, Folder 1

Volume 3 Chapter 5 Bound Proof

Box 36, Folder 2

Volume 3 Chapter 6 Bound Proof

Box 9, Folder 7

p. 467-505

Box 9, Folder 8

p. 506-546

Box 9, Folder 9

p. 601-647

Box 9, Folder 10

Appendices

Box 9, Folder 11

p. v-99

Box 9, Folder 12

p. 100-199

Box 9, Folder 13

p. 200-299

Box 10, Folder 1

p. 300-399

Box 10, Folder 2

p. 400-499

Box 10, Folder 3

p. 500-599

Box 10, Folder 4

p. 600-688

Box 11, Folder 1-22

TeX form of the book

Series 2
Computers and Typesetting

Scope and Content Note

This set of 14 boxes contains materials from nine years of work on computer systems for publishing at stanford. 'The main
results of this work have been published in five volumes entitled Computers & Typesetting, Volumes A--E (Reading, Mass.: Addison
Wesley, 1986).

The research introduced three major computer systems:

1) TeX, a system for typesetting

2) METAFONT, a system for typeface design

3) Computer Modern, a family of typefaces

Another important byproduct was the WEB system for structured documentation of computer programs.

Included are the original manuscripts, revised drafts, logbooks, commentary from other experts, research files, and correspondence
pertaining to three major computer systems: TeX, a system for typesetting, METAFONT, a system for typeface design, and Computer
Modern, a family of typefaces. Also included are keepsakes and specimens of early use of these systems.

The manuscripts were written by Knuth as these systems were being created, together with intermediate versions and log books
that show how things developed and changed over the years. Critical comments by leading experts, who helped to refine the
ideas, are included. Many of the "first" editions printed by these new methods, at stanford and at many other places around
the world, are also preserved here. The period 1977 - 1986 was one of dramatic change in the world of book publishing; numerous
keepsakes and specimens from TeX and other systems have been collected.

Legal size documents

Box 12, Folder 1

log book and test program for debugging TeX78

Box 12, Folder 2

The first pages of output by TeX, Mar--Jul 1978

Box 12, Folder 3

Manuscript of first TeX Manual, 1978

Box 12, Folder 4

Manuscript of first METAFONT Manual, 1979

Box 12, Folder 5

original (inco:rrplete) draft of TeX82 , Aug--Sep 1981

Box 12, Folder 6

Pencil draft of WEB, Sep--oct 1981

Box 12, Folder 7

First use of WEB with TeX82 before it was complete

Box 12, Folder 8

Manuscript of TeX82 program, Jan--Jun 1982

Box 12, Folder 9

Log of the first bugs fround in TeX82, Jul--Sep 1982

Box 12, Folder 10

Original manuscript of the TeXBook, Oct 1982--Sep 1983

Box 12, Folder 11

Manuscript of the PROFILE program, Oct 1983

Box 12, Folder 12

Dcx::xnnentation of system used at Universities Press, Belfast, in1977

Box 12, Folder 13

CTI Math System

Volume A, The TeXbook

Box 13, Folder 1

First TeX manual: draft copy for making the index, Jul 31 1978

Box 13, Folder 2

First TeX manual: as it was stored in the computer, Aug 27 1978

Box 13, Folder 3

First TeX manual, Sep 1978

Box 13, Folder 4

The TeXbook: first printed drafts

Box 13, Folder 5

The TeXbook: second printed drafts

Box 13, Folder 6

The TeXbook: third printed drafts

Box 13, Folder 7

The TeXbook: one-of-a-kind edition used to make the index

Box 13, Folder 8

Experiments with TeX done while writing the TeXbook

Box 13, Folder 9

The TeXbook illustrations by Duane Bibby

Box 13, Folder 10

The TeXbook: comments from readers of pre-publication drafts

Box 13, Folder 11

The TeXbook: as marked by Addison-Wesley copy editor

Box 13, Folder 12

The TeXbook: book and cover design

Box 13, Folder 13

The TeXbook: Permission letters

TeX milieu

Box 14, Folder 1

BBR System, world's first computer controlled printing of text

Box 14, Folder 2

Hershey's typographic systems

Box 14, Folder 3

American Math Society research on composition

Box 14, Folder 4

composition systems from commercial vendors

Box 14, Folder 5

Typesetting research at universities

Box 14, Folder 6

Typesetting research at Bell Laboratories

Box 14, Folder 7

Typesetting research at other laboratories

Box 14, Folder 8

Fancy word processing with math

Box 14, Folder 9

TeX in the Bay Area

Box 14, Folder 10

TeX elsewhere in the U.S.A.

Box 14, Folder 11

TeX in other countries

Box 14, Folder 12

Company business re: TeX

Box 14, Folder 13

Supplementary work on hyphenation and pagination

TeX memorabilia and auxiliary systems

Box 15, Folder 1

The "DOC" system (father of "WEB")Feb-Mar 1979

Box 15, Folder 2

The WEB manual

Box 15, Folder 3

TeXware" "

Box 15, Folder 4

Early use of WEB

Box 15, Folder 5

Software for the Alphatype CRS

Box 15, Folder 6

Samples from first interfaces between TeX or METAFDNT and devices

Box 15, Folder 7

Examples of early TeX output: (A) Things I made myself or with Jill

Box 15, Folder 8

Examples of early TeX output: (B) Things made by others

Box 15, Folder 9

Examples of early TeX output: (C) Books

Box 15, Folder 10

Miscellaneous correspondence, clippings, etc. relevant to TeX

Box 15, Folder 11

Correspondence with American Math Society

Volume B, TeX: The Program

Box 16, Folder 1

Prototype implementation of TeX, Aug 25 1977

Box 16, Folder 2

Beginnings of first TeX implementation, Oct 14 1977

Box 16, Folder 3

First implementation almost complete, Jan 29 1978

Box 16, Folder 4

First implementation complete and ready for debugging,1978 Feb 10

Box 16, Folder 5

After initial debugging, Mar 29 1978

Box 16, Folder 6

The first version released" for general useAug 2 1978 "

Box 16, Folder 7

Fully debugged" versionAug 1979 "

Box 16, Folder 8

TeX78 as it was in Jul 1981

Box 16, Folder 9

TeX in Pascal, written by Ignacio Zabala

Box 16, Folder 10

TeX in MESA, written by Leo Guibas, Bob Sedgewick, and Doug Wyatt

Box 16, Folder 11

First draft of TeX82, Sep 6 1981 (incomplete)

Box 16, Folder 12

Early draft of TeX82 , Jan 2 1982

Box 16, Folder 13

A more complete draft of TeX82, Mar 28 1982

Box 17, Folder 1

"Nearly complete" draftJun 14 1982 "

Box 17, Folder 2

The first complete draft of TeX82, Jun 29

Box 17, Folder 3

TeX82 initial debugging, Jul 13 1982

Box 17, Folder 4

Version -0.25" of TeX82Jul 25 1982

Box 17, Folder 5

Version 0 of TeX82, Sep 1982

Box 17, Folder 6

Version 0.999 of TeX82, Jul 1983

Box 17, Folder 7

Empirical runtime analysis of TeX

Box 18, Folder 1

Version 1.0 of TeX82, Dec 3 1983

Box 18, Folder 2

Version 1.3 of TeX82, Dec 1984

Box 18, Folder 3

Version 2.0 of TeX82, Nov 11 1985

Box 18, Folder 4

Copy editor's corrections to Volume B, Jan 1986

Box 18, Folder 5

Profiles (timing information) for TeX82, 1984

Box 18, Folder 6

TWILL (special variant of WEAVE for Volumes B andD)

Box 18, Folder 7

Volume B, front matter

Box 18, Folder 8

TeXHAX"messages among early users "

Box 18, Folder 9

TUG (TeX Users Group)

Box 18, Folder 10

First uses" of TeXcontinued "

Box 18, Folder 11

Addison-Wesley pUblicity brochures

Box 18, Folder 12

Other systems based on TeX

TeX addenda; Volume C, The METAFONTbook

Box 19, Folder 1

Miscellaneous correspondence from users

Box 19, Folder 2

A simple system that came before TeX, Jun 1976

Box 19, Folder 3

Experiments with the first hyphenation algorithm, 1978

Box 19, Folder 4

Hyphenation: TeX versus Webster's Collegiate, 1984

Box 19, Folder 5

TeX, the name

Box 19, Folder 6

Commercial software based on TeX

Box 19, Folder 7

Computers and Typesetting: cover designs

Box 19, Folder 8

Redesign of METAFONT logo, summer 1984

Box 19, Folder 9

First draft copies of the METAFONTbook, Chapters 1--13

Box 19, Folder 10

First draft copies of the METAFONTbook, Chapters 14--D

Box 19, Folder 11

Readers' comments on METAFONTbook first draft

Box 19, Folder 12

Penultimate draft of METAFONTbook

Box 19, Folder 13

METAFONTbook: quotations

Box 19, Folder 14

METAFONTbook: illustrations by Duane Bibby

Box 19, Folder 15

METAFONTbook: illustrations by computer

Box 19, Folder 16

METAFONTbook: copy editor's corrections

Box 19, Folder 17

Proto-METAFONT, 1977

Box 19, Folder 18

Initial design of METAFONT, summer 1978

Box 19, Folder 19

Handwritten code for the first METAFONT

Box 19, Folder 20

Complete logs for TeX, METAFONT, Computer Modern

Box 19, Folder 21

Knuth, Donald E., The Errors of TEX1989

Volume D, METAFONT: The Program

Box 20, Folder 1

First draft of METAFONT interpreter, Dec 15 1978

Box 20, Folder 2

First draft of METAFONT with raster routines, Jan 1 1979

Box 20, Folder 3

First draft of testable METAFONT system, Apr 15 1979

Box 20, Folder 4

First complete" METAFONT system

Box 20, Folder 5

Released" METAFONT

Box 20, Folder 6

Tom Spencer's original algorithms for drawing in linear time

Box 20, Folder 7

Interim METAFONT manual, used from spring 1984 to fall 1985

Box 20, Folder 8

State of METAFONT code on Mar 11 1984

Box 20, Folder 9

The first camplete draft of METAFONT84, Mar 18 1984

Box 20, Folder 10

First working draft of METAFONT84

Box 20, Folder 11

First version of METAFONT to pass the TRAP" test

Box 20, Folder 12

Version 0.3 of METAFONT, Sep 27 1984

Box 20, Folder 13

Version 0.7 of METAFONT, Jan 17 1985

Box 20, Folder 14

Version 0.95 of METAFONT, Aug 12 1985

Volume D, continued; METAFONT milieu

Box 21, Folder 1

Version 1.0 of METAFONT, Jan 4 1986

Box 21, Folder 2

Profile (running time estimate) of METAFONT, Oct 1985

Box 21, Folder 3

Profile gathering program

Box 21, Folder 4

Typography course, spring 1984, with Bigelow and Southall

Box 21, Folder 5

Typography course homework: El Palo Alto and border designs

Box 21, Folder 6

Typography course homework: Font 1" "

Box 21, Folder 7

Equipment brochures, manuals, and samples

Box 21, Folder 8

Interfacing METAFONT84 to devices

Box 21, Folder 9

Use of my own laser printer!

Box 21, Folder 10

other letterform design systems

Box 21, Folder 11

Legibility

Box 21, Folder 12

Correspondence concerning fonts

Box 21, Folder 13

METAFONT connuentary

Box 21, Folder 14

Type specimens

Volume E, Computer Modern Typefaces

Box 22, Folder 1

What preceded Computer Modern

Box 22, Folder 2

Computer Modern, 1977

Box 22, Folder 3

Computer Modern, 1978

Box 22, Folder 4

Computer Modern, 1979

Box 22, Folder 5

Computer Modern published as a Stanford report, Jan 1980

Box 22, Folder 6

Computer Modern, 1980

Box 22, Folder 7

Computer Modern, 1981

Box 22, Folder 8

Computer Modern, early 1982

Box 22, Folder 9

Major revision of p~r 1982: lowercase letters

Box 23, Folder 1

Major revision of Apr 1982: uppercase letters

Box 23, Folder 2

Major revision of Apr 1982: numerals

Box 23, Folder 3

Major revision of Apr 1982: punctuation and accents

Box 23, Folder 4

Major revision of Apr 1982: math symbols

Box 23, Folder 5

Computer Modern, summer 1982

Box 23, Folder 6

Computer Modern, 1983

Box 23, Folder 7

Almost Computer Modern Roman1984

Box 23, Folder 8

Almost Computer Modern Italic1984

Box 23, Folder 9

Almost Computer Modern Symbols1984

Box 23, Folder 10

Almost Computer Modern Extensib1es"1984

Box 23, Folder 11

Computer Modern Roman, Jan--Apr 1985

Volume E, continued; font milieu

Box 24, Folder 1

Computer Modern: final tests, May 1985--Jan 1986

Box 24, Folder 2

Christmas card, 1985: Celtic knot font

Box 24, Folder 3

Manuscript copy for Volume E, 1986

Box 24, Folder 4

Miscellaneous documents about fonts

Box 24, Folder 5

Miscellaneous typographic keepsakes

Box 24, Folder 6

Arabic and Hebrew

Box 24, Folder 7

Math Symbols

Box 24, Folder 8

Chinese and Japanese

Box 24, Folder 9

Indian

Box 24, Folder 10

Cyrillic

Box 24, Folder 11

Work of Nazneen N. Bi11awa1a

Box 24, Folder 12

Work of Charles A. Bigelow

Box 24, Folder 13

Work of Georgia Tobin

Box 24, Folder 14

Work of Rudiger Pfeiffer-Rupp

Box 24, Folder 15

Work of Philippe Coueignoux

Miscellaneous additions

Box 25, Folder 1

The METAFONTbook: original manuscript

Box 25, Folder 2

METAFONT: The Program: original manuscript

Box 25, Folder 3

Computer Modern in I new METAFONT I: original manuscript, spring1985

Box 25, Folder 4

Drafts of original TeX implementation

Box 25, Folder 5

The original memo that led to TeX: handwritten draft, May 1977

Series 3
Concrete Mathematics

Scope and Content Note

Archives from the development of Concrete Mathematics, a textbook by Ronald L. Graham, Donald E. Knuth and Oren Patashnik.
'This book, published in the surmner of 1988, is based on a Stanford course of the same name that I introduced in 1970 (and
it has been taught ever since). It represents sort of a "manifesto" of the way I like to do mathematics, especially the mathematics
associated with computer prograrrnning. After nearly twenty years teaching the course, I knew that it was time to put this
textbook together and export the ideas to other universities. My goal was to produce the best exposition of mathematical manipulations
since, say, cauchy's famous Cours de Mathematigue of the 1820's and 1830's. Ron Graham was a visiting professor who taught
the Stanford course twice during my sabbatical leaves, both times with great success. Oren Patashnik was a graduate student
in Computer Science who served as teaching assistant in the class several times, under both Graham and me.

Drafts, proofs, and correspondence pertaining to the textbook by Ronald L. Graham, Donald E. Knuth and Oren Patashnik, which
was based on a Stanford course taught by Knuth.

Original Drafts

Scope and Content Note

Patashnik created a draft of the entire book, which was used by Stanford students for two or three years. During the last
half of 1987 and the first half of 1988, I rewrote this draft and the result was used as a trial text at Stanford, Princeton,
Brown, Columbia, Rice and CUNY. My handwritten manuscripts appear here, together with marked-up copies of Oren's draft, together
with high-level notes I made to Graham letting him know the thrust of what I was doing so that he could provide maximum input.
Correspondence and preprints of unpublished papers I consul ted during this time are also included.

This part of the archive consists of ten legal-size folders.

1.0 Preface, Graffiti and permissions (see below)

1.1 Chapter One, Recurrent Problems

1.2 Chapter Two, Sums

1.3 Chapter Three, Integer Functions

1.4 Chapter Four, Number Theory

1.5 Chapter Five, Binomial Coefficients

1.6 Chapter Six, Special Numbers

1.7 Chapter Seven, Generating Functions

1.8 Chapter Eight, Discrete Probability

1.9 Chapter Nine, Asymptotics

Each folder has comments written on the outside that were notes to myself about what sources to read as I was writing the
material. 'Ihese references are keyed to sixteen years worth of classnotes from the Stanford course; those classnotes are
not part of the archive but they do exist in Stanford's Mathematical Sciences Library.

Our book introduces a novel feature called "graffiti," borrowed from the non-mathematical brochure called Approaching Stanford.
We asked stUdents to contribute their own cormnents so that we could print them in the margins of our book. These student
contributions are included in folder I.O.

Box 26, Folder 1

Preface, Graffiti, Permission

Box 26, Folder 2

Chapter One: Recurrent Problems

Box 26, Folder 3

Chapter 'Two: Sums

Box 26, Folder 4

Chapter 'Three: Integer Functions

Box 26, Folder 5

Chapter Four: Number Theory

Box 26, Folder 6

Chapter Five: Binomial Coefficients

Box 27, Folder 1

Chapter Six: Special Numbers

Box 27, Folder 2

Chapter Seven: Generating Function

Box 27, Folder 3

Chapter Eight: Discrete Probability

Box 27, Folder 4

Chapter Nine: Asymptotics

Correspondence with the publisher

Scope and Content Note

Here are relevant letters from the production editor and book designer. These are of some interest because we wrote this book
at a time when the process of book production is changing dramatically. Instead of sending a manuscript to the publisher and
letting them carry the ball, this book was typeset by its authors. Still, we did not want to lose the professional services
of a book designer, so we received advice on suitable format before we did the typesetting.

Our book is interesting from another standpoint because it is the first book to be published with a new family of typefaces
designed by Hermann Zapf, especially for mathematics, called AMS Euler. Part of my work on this book, was devoted to fine
tuning of these fonts, so that they can be used in other mathematical publications. With the book designers help I was able
to create a compatible text face (called Concrete Roman and Italic) to complement Zapf's mathematical characters.

Box 27, Folder 5

Correspondence with Addison-Wesley

Box 27, Folder 6

Duplicate and erroneous pages from manuscript

First Early Draft

Scope and Content Note

Here are the pages used by students at Stanford, Princeton, 1987-1988, etc., together with corrections I noted in response
to their feedback.

Box 28, Folder 1

Preface, Chapters One, Two and Three

Box 28, Folder 2

Chapters Four and Five

Box 28, Folder 3

Chapters six and Seven

Box 28, Folder 4

Chapters Eight, Nine and Exercises

Ron Graham's Remarks

Scope and Content Note

Ron took the responsibility for preparing the index; he marked up a copy of (III) with index terms and made other comments.

Box 28, Folder 5

Preface, Chapters One, Two, Three and Four

Box 28, Folder 6

Chapters Five and six

Box 29, Folder 1

Chapters Seven, Eight, Nine and Exercises

Copy editor's Remarks

Scope and Content Note

Another aspect of typesetting-by-author is shown here. We wanted the help of a professional copy editor as well as a book
designer. In this case the copy editor could mark freely anything that needed to be double-checked, knowing that we would
ignore all advice that we didn't like. The result, we think, is much better than in previous methods under which the copy
editor would have supreme authority but would then be limited to making changes that would not upset the authors when page
proofs appeared. This part of the archive also includes some correspondence I had with the copy editor.

Box 29, Folder 2

Correspondence, Style-sheet, Preface, Chapters One and Two

Box 29, Folder 3

Correspondence, Chapters Three and Four

Box 29, Folder 4

Chapters Five and six

Box 29, Folder 5

Chapters Seven and Eight

Box 29, Folder 6

Chapter Nine

Semi-final proofs

Scope and Content Note

The corrections to (III) based on (IV), (V) and other feedback are shown here in a special format that shows the first raw
index we constructed. Final changes and graffiti are written on these laserprinted proofs.

Box 30, Folder 1

Preface, Chapters One and Two

Box 30, Folder 2

Chapters Three and Four

Box 30, Folder 3

Chapters Five and six

Box 30, Folder 4

Chapters Seven, Eight and Nine

Box 30, Folder 5

Appendices A: Exercises, B: Bibliography, C: Credits

Box 30, Folder 6

Index

Box 1-4

Accession ARCH-1989-278
Galleys and proofs for
The Art of Programming

Accession ARCH-1996-147
Additional Material

Scope and Content Note

Addendum to the archives of the TeX-METAFONT project drafts, proofs, articles, notes, and other records pertaining to the
project, as well as keepsakes and published materials using TeX and/or METAFONT.

Box 1, Folder 1

Galley proofs the second edition of
The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 1, 1973

Box 1, Folder 2

Samples of repro copy used to make Volume 1 with Monotype by Wolf Composition

Box 1, Folder 3

Samples of repro copy used to make Surreal Numbers with Monotype by Clowes

Box 1, Folder 4

Samples of repro copy used to make volume 2, second edition, with TeX and METAFONT - Knuth's first production output with
the Alphatype

Box 1, Folder 5

The WEB system, preliminary pre-release version, November 1981 (one of the first documents of what has become known as Literate
Programming)

Box 1, Folder 6

The GFtoDVI processor: Version 0, April 1984

Box 1, Folder 7

The GFtoDVI processor: Version 1.6, September 1985

Box 1, Folder 8

Complete listing of TeX with frequency counts of actual usage, 22 October 1986

Box 1, Folder 9

Keepsakes from the early days of TeX:

Scope and Content Note

System uptime report for the SAIL computer on which Knuth worked The first proofs of proto-Computer Modern type, July 1977;
Cover art for the first TeX user manual. American Math Society, 1978; Cover design by Scott Kim for Stanford Computer Forum,
using an early draft of the AMS Euler lowercase, Fall 1981; Handouts for TeX mini-courses, Spring 1981; Photo of California
vanity plate "DON TEX", n.d.; Formal invitation to TeX's "coming of age" party, December 9, 1983

Box 10, Folder 10

Notes made by Knuth while preparing revision of METAFONT, December 21, 1982 - January 18, 1984

Material from the making of
The Stanford GraphBase, a book published by ACM Press and Addison-Wesley Publishing Company in 1993. It includes the notes I made to myself and
to Stanford students during the 20-year period I was compiling material for that book. The book is based on a series of interesting
computer programs and interesting data from which many experiments in computer science have been made; I expect many additional
researches to be based on this system in the years to come, because experimental computer science is expanding rapidly. The
book itself was named the Best New Book in Computer Science by the Association of American Publishers in 1994.

This accession pertains to the lecture series on the general topic of faith and science delivered at MIT in the fall of 1999,
which resulted in the book
Things a Computer Scientist Rarely Talks About. Included are correspondence, notes, transcripts of the taped lectures, drafts, and illustrations.

"Materials from a unique episode in my life, when I was asked to give a series of six public lectures at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology (MIT) on the general topic of faith and science. The lectures, delivered in the fall of 1999, were
broadcast live on the Internet, and I'm told that tens of thousands of people watched them. Each 90-minute lecture consisted
of a prepared talk followed by an impromptu question-and-answer session, with about 45 minutes devoted to each portion. Transcripts
were made from the videotapes and I edited then during the summer of 2000, adding notes and references to the literature.
They were published in 2001 by Stanford's Center for the Study of Linguistics and Information (CSLI), with the title "Things
a Computer Scientist Rarely Talks About"--which was also the general title of the lectures when I gave them originally. A
complete archive of that book appears here."

Box 1, Folder 1

Correspondence regarding lectures, including email announcements of the lectures and some of the typical feedback1998-1999

Scope and Content Note

Includes the original letters of invitation, letters about practical details of moving to Massachusetts, email announcenents
of the lectures themselves, and some of the typical feedback received from the audience.

Box 1, Folder 2

Lecture 1: Introduction– notes and brochure1999 Oct 6

Scope and Content Note

The page of handwritten notes I used while preparing the first lecture, fol1owed by the notes I used during the Lecture itself.
Also the widely distributed brochure that had been used to announce the series.

The notes I used to prepare and deliver tbe third lecture, together with overhead transparencies used to illustrate it. (Included
are several dozen additlonal transparencies that I had made just in case they night be needed when I was answering questions
from the audience.)

Box 1, Folder 5

Lecture 4: Aesthetics– notes1999 Nov 3

Scope and Content Note

The notes I used to prepare and deliver the fourth lecture. This lecture was illustrated by 35mm slides, see Folder 17 below.

Box 1, Folder 6

Lecture 5: Glimpses of God – notes and copy of Raymond Smullyan's story "Planet without Laughter," statistics about "key verses"
of the Bible, and an email from Douglas Hofstadter re "laughter yoga"
1999 Dec 1

Scope and Content Note

The notes I used to prepare and deliver the fifth lecture. Also includes a xerox copy of Raymoud Smullyan's short story "Planet
Without Laughter"; statistics about so-called "key verses" of the Bible and some materials collected subsequent to the lecture:
an obituary of Raymond E. Brown; email from Douglas Hofstadter re "laughter yoga"; and an excerpt fron George Buttrick's lectures
on Biblical Thougbt and the Secular University.

The notes I used to prepare ald deliver the sixth lecture, including several magazine articles and other relevant materials
found on the Internet (e.g., Einstein's renarks on Science, Philosophy and Rellgion).

The videotapes of all six lectures and the panel discussion were transcribed by staff members of Dr. Dobb's Journal, the company
that did the webcasts. These transcriptions, though riddled with errors, provided a good basis fron which I could attempt
to recreate the feeling of the original lectures (while watching the videotapes several times myself).

Box 1, Folder 10

Half-baked transcripts

Scope and Content Note

This is how the transcripts looked after I had converted them to simple ASCII text format and inserted time coordinates to
correlate them with the videotapes. My editing of the lectures essentially began here.

Box 1, Folder 11

Illustrations – includes original proofs of TV frames, poster illustration, and 35mm slides; and first proofs after conversion
to black-and-white

Scope and Content Note

One of the interesting tasks I faced was to convert videotape frames to illustrations that could be used in the book. The
quality of video data is insufficient for large pictures, so I decided to render each image at the largest size that would
retain reasonably sharp details. This limited me to slightly nore than 1 inch in each dimension, so it strongly affected the
design of the book. The original pictures shown here in black and white were actually in color when viewed by computer, but
color did not add anything important. Indeed, when I edited the pictures later, converting then to black and white, the lack
of color made it possible for me to enhance nany details that would have looked strange if I had distorted the colors in a
similar fashion.

This folder contains: Original proofs of captured TV frames; An experinent with TV frames printed in color (fron the paael
discussion); 0riginal proofs of the Poster illustration (scanned in parts); Original proofs of inages taken from 35mm slides;
First proofs after conversion to black-and-white.

Box 1, Folder 12

First drafts for lectures 1-6

Scope and Content Note

The result after initial editing of the "haIf-baked transcripts", showing many handwritten editorial changes and the places
where illustrations are to be inserted. (These drafts cover Lectures 1-6 on1y. The first draft of the panel discussion was
emailed to other panelists on 15 April 2000; see folder 16 below.)

Box 2, Folder 1

Second drafts, with illustrations

Scope and Content Note

The result after inserting all illustrations (ear1y July 2000); this was shown to several readers asking for comments.

Box 2, Folder 2

Comments from the copy editors

Scope and Content Note

After a few changes to the drafts in Box 2, Folder 1, the copy editors made numerous further suggestions.

Box 2, Folder 3

Near-final copy

Scope and Content Note

Most of the copy editors, suggestions, and further corrections noticed on rereading, 1ed to these pages, which were used to
prepare the index.

Box 2, Folder 4

Correspondence re publication2000-2001

Scope and Content Note

The bumpy road to publication of a complex book such as this is well documented by this sequence of more than 100 letters.

slides used in lecture 4

Physical Description:
48 computer file(s) (PCD)

Scope and Content Note

The 35mm slides used in Lecture 4, converted to digital form, appear on this conpact disk in several sizes.

Box 2, Folder 6

Hand-bound proof [missing lecture 5, pages 138-166]April 2001

Scope and Content Note

A xerox-copy mockup of the book, several copies of which were sent to potential reviewers. Also contains a few last-minute
changes, especially to the index.

Accession ARCH-2004-044
Additional Material

Selected Papers on Computer Languages

Box 1, Folder 1

CL1, Chapter 1: The Early Development of Programming Languages

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence and additional references used to prepare the addendum; marked galleys; edited version

Box 1, Folder 2

CL 2, Chapter 2: Backus Normal Form versus Backus Naur Form

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; edited version

Box 1, Folder 3

CL3, Chapter 3: Teaching ALGOL 60

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 1, Folder 4

CL4, Chapter 4: ALGOL 60 confidential

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 1, Folder 5

CL5, Chapter 5: SMALGOL-61

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 1, Folder 6

CL6, Chapter 6: Man or Boy?

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 1, Folder 7

CL7, Chapter 7: A Proposal for Input-Output Conventions in ALGOL 60

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; subsequent correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 1, Folder 8

CL8, Chapter 8: The Remaining Trouble Spots in ALGOL 60

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 1, Folder 9

CL 9, Chapter 9: SOL – A Symbolic Language for Systems Simulation

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 1, Folder 10

CL10, Chapter 10: A Formal Definition of SOL

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 1, Folder 11

CH11, Chapter 11: The Science of Programming Languages

Scope and Content Note

Copy of old manuscript notes; manuscripts for newly added material, including computer programs to check the examples; edited
version

Copy of original article; worksheets to make the illustrations; marked galleys; manuscript for supplementary material; edited
version

Box 2, Folder 11

CL22, Chapter 22: Computer-Drawn Flowcharts

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 3, Folder 1

CL23, Chapter 23: Notes on Avoiding ‘go to’ Statements

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; errata and correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 3, Folder 2

CL24, Chapter 24: An Empirical Study of FORTRAN Programs

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 3, Folder 3

CL25, Chapter 25: Efficient Coroutine Generation

Scope and Content Note

Edited version (This article was composed for a festscrift publication that actually didn’t appear until 2004.)

Box 3, Folder 4

CL26, Miscellaneous scraps:

Scope and Content Note

Proof of frontispiece; first draft of the index; correspondence re index

Box 3, Folder 5

CL27, First printout of entire book, chapters 1-8

Box 3, Folder 6

CL27, First printout of entire book, chapters 9-14

Box 3, Folder 7

CL27, First printout of entire book, chapters 15-21

Box 3, Folder 8

CL27, First printout of entire book, chapters 22-end

Selected Papers on Discrete Mathematics

Box 4, Folder 1

DM01, Chapter 1: Combinatorial Analysis and Computer

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 4, Folder 2

DM02, Chapter 2: Two Notes on Notation

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 4, Folder 3

DM03, Chapter 3: Bracket Notation for the ‘Coefficient of’ Operator

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 4, Folder 4

DM04, Chapter 4: Johann Faulhaber and Sums of Powers

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 4, Folder 5

DM05, Chapter 5: Notes on Thomas Harriot

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 4, Folder 6

DM06, Chapter 6: A Permanent Inequality

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 4, Folder 7

DM07, Chapter 7: Overlapping Pfaffians

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original electronic publication; marked galleys; edited version

Box 4, Folder 8

DM08, Chapter 8: The Sandwich Theorem

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original electronic publication; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 4, Folder 9

DM09, Chapter 9: Combinatorial Matrices

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original electronic preprint; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 4, Folder 10

DM10, Chapter: Aztec Diamonds, Checkerboard Graphs, Spanning Trees

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 4, Folder 11

DM11, Chapter: Partitioned Tensor Products and Their Spectra

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 4, Folder 12

DM12, Chapter: Oriented Subtrees of an Arc Digraph

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 1

DM13, Chapter 13: Another Enumeration of Trees

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 2

DM14, Chapter 14: Abel Identities and Inverse Relations

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 3

DM15, Chapter 15: Convolution Polynomials

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 4

DM16, Chapter 16: Polynomials Involving the Floor Function

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 5

DM17, Chapter 17: Construction of a Random Sequence

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 6

DM18, Chapter 18: An Imaginary Number System

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article and errata; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 7

DM19, Chapter 19: Tables of Finite Fields

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 8

DM20, Chapter 20: Finite Semifields and Projective Planes

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 9

DM21, Chapter 21: A Class of Projective Planes

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 10

DM22, Chapter 22: Notes on Central Groupoids

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; computer programs and articles used for supplementary material; marked galleys;
edited version

Box 5, Folder 11

DM23, Chapter 23: Huffman’s Algorithm via Algebra

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 12

DM24, Chapter 24: Wheels Within Wheels

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 13

DM25, Chapter 25: Complements and Transitive Closures

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 5, Folder 14

DM26, Chapter 26: Random Matroids

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; computer programs used to check examples; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 1

DM27, Chapter 27: The Asymptotic Number of Geometries

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 2

DM28, Chapter 28: Permutations with Nonnegative Partial Sums

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 3

DM29, Chapter 29: Efficient Balanced Codes

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; reprint of paper used to prepare addendum; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 4

DM30, Chapter 30: The Knowlton\with Graham Partition Problem

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 5

DM31, Chapter 31: Permutations, Matrices, Generalized Young Tableaux

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 6

DM32, Chapter 32: Enumeration of Plane Partitions

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 7

DM33, Chapter 33: A Note on Solid Partitions

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; computer program used to check the algorithm; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 8

DM34, Chapter 34: Identities from Partition Involutions

Scope and Content Note

Correspondence; computer program; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 9

DM35, Chapter 35: Subspaces, Subsets, and Partitions

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 10

DM36, Chapter 36: The Power of a Prime...

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 11

DM37, Chapter 37: An Almost Linear Recurrence

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; edited version

Box 6, Folder 12

DM38, Chapter 38: Recurrence Relations Based on Minimization

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; reprint of related article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 13

DM39, Chapter 39: A Recurrence Related to Trees

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 6, Folder 14

DM4, Chapter 40: The First Cycles in an Evolving Graph

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; marked galleys; edited version

Box 7, Folder 1

DM41, Chapter 41: The Birth of the Giant Component

Scope and Content Note

Copy of original article; correspondence;; computer programs and results used to correct the originally reported data; marked
galleys; edited version

Box 7, Folder 2

DM42, Miscellaneous scraps

Scope and Content Note

List of chapters and number of errors caught by spell-checker; proofs of some illustrations; list of names to complete for
the index; first draft of the index

Box 8

DM43, First Printout of Entire Book

Accession ARCH 2011-200
Additional Material1977-2010

Selected papers

Scope and Content Note

Materials accumulated while preparing the final three volumes of the series of Knuth's technical papers, namely
Selected Papers on Design of Algorithms (published in 2009)
Selected Papers on Fun and Games (published in 2010)
Companion to the Papers of Donald Knuth (to be published in January 2011)

Also included are relevant letters written back and forth since 2003, relating not only to the creation of the final three
volumes but also to reprints of the first six, and translations into other languages.

Box 1, Folder 1

DA02: The Bose--Nelson Sorting Problem P55

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs; test of illustrations

Box 1, Folder 2

DA03: A One-Way, Stackless Quicksort Algorithm P115

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 3

DA04: Optimum Binary Search Trees P41

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 4

DA05: Dynamic Huffman Coding P103

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 5

DA06: Inhomogeneous Sorting P92

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 6

DA07: Lexicographic Permutations with Restrictions P93

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 7

DA08: Nested Satisfiability P134

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 8

DA09: Fast Pattern Matching in Strings P71

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 9

DA10: Addition Machines P126

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 10

DA11: A Simple Program Whose Proof Isn't P133

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 11

DA12: Verification of Link-Level Protocols P99

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 12

DA13: A Problem in Concurrent Programming Control Q17

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 13

DA14: Optimal Prepaging and Font Caching P105

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 14

DA15: A Generalization of Dijkstra's Algorithm P85

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 15

DA16: Two-Way Rounding P145

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 16

DA17: Matroid Partitioning R28

Scope and Content Note

copy of original tech report; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 17

DA18: Irredundant Intervals P151

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; copies of correspondence; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 18

DA19: Simple Word Problems in Universal Algebras P34

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 19

DA20: Efficient Representation of Perm Groups P123

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 20

DA21: An Algorithm for Brownian Zeros P107

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 21

DA22: Semi-Optimal Bases for Linear Dependencies P113

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 22

DA23: Evading the Drift in Floating-Point Addition P73

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 23

DA24: Deciphering a Linear Congruential Encryption P97

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 24

DA25: Computation of Tangent, Euler, and Bernoulli Numbers P27

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 25

DA26: Euler's Constant to 1271 Places P8

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 26

DA27: Evaluation of Polynomials by Computer P9

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 27

DA28: Minimizing Drum Latency Time P5

Scope and Content Note

copy of original article; marked proofs; appendix on modern solution

Box 1, Folder 28

DA29: first draft of entire book, used to make the index

Box 1, Folder 29

DA30: results of proofreading

Box 1, Folder 30

FG00: Front matter

Scope and Content Note

early outline and notes; early drafts

Box 1, Folder 31

FG01: The Potrzebie System of Weights and Measures P1

Scope and Content Note

marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 32

FG02: Official Tables of the Potrzebie System 10p

Box 1, Folder 33

FG03: The Revolutionary Potrzebie R4a

Scope and Content Note

marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 34

FG04: A {\mc MAD} Crossword 4p

Scope and Content Note

copy of original editorial correspondence from 1960; marked proofs and trials

early proofs of cave map; first version of the program in book-page format

Box 1, Folder 58

FG27.3: Adventure 160p

Scope and Content Note

marked proofs of May 2010

Box 1, Folder 59

FG28: Ziegler's Giant Bar 6p

Scope and Content Note

tests of illustrations; marked proofs; correspondence re Milwaukee TV etc; material from the dictionary I used in 1952; copies
of news clippings

Box 1, Folder 60

FG29: The Chemical Caper R4b

Scope and Content Note

marked proofs; info about original names of newly discovered elements

Box 1, Folder 61

FG31: Disappearances Q54

Scope and Content Note

marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 62

FG32: Lewis~Carroll's word--ward--ware--dare--dame--game Q51

Scope and Content Note

marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 63

FG34: Biblical Ladders Q172

Scope and Content Note

marked proofs

Box 1, Folder 64

FG36: {\it Quadrata Obscura\/} (Hidden Latin Squares) Q224

Scope and Content Note

words tests done while composing this puzzle

Box 1, Folder 65

FG38: Dancing Links P159

Scope and Content Note

marked proofs, before and after major changes

Box 1, Folder 66

FG40: Uncrossed Knight's Tours Q23

Scope and Content Note

samples of marked proofs and illustration tests as I was writing this chapter

Box 1, Folder 67

FG41: Celtic Knight's Tours 21p

Scope and Content Note

samples of marked proofs and illustration tests as I was writing this chapter

Box 2, Folder 1

FG42: Long and Skinny Knight's Tours 29p

Scope and Content Note

handwritten MS; marked proofs

Box 2, Folder 2

FG43: Leaper Graphs P147

Scope and Content Note

marked proofs, before and after major changes

Box 2, Folder 3

FG44: Number Representations and Dragon Curves P37

Scope and Content Note

index to files re dragon curves; tests of illustrations; marked proofs, before and after major changes

Box 2, Folder 4

FG45: Mathematics and Art: The Dragon Curve in Ceramic Tile P59

Scope and Content Note

tests of illustrations; marked proofs

Box 2, Folder 5

FG46: Christmas Cards 34p

Scope and Content Note

samples of proof pages and other tests as I was writing this chapter

Box 2, Folder 6

FG47: Geek Art 48p

Scope and Content Note

samples of proof pages and other tests as I was writing this chapter

Box 2, Folder 7

FG49: An Earthshaking Announcement Q227

Scope and Content Note

handwritten MS, test illustrations, marked proofs, correspondence

Box 2, Folder 8

FG50: index

Scope and Content Note

ideas for the index (noted while writing the material); first draft pages

Box 2, Folder 9

FG51: early copy of many chapters, used to index them

Scope and Content Note

(before the final order of chapters was decided, and before many of the chapters were written) [I brought these with me to
work on in odd moments, during a long trip East]

Box 2, Folder 10

FG52: first copy of the entire book, sent to proofreading team

Scope and Content Note

(and also used to index several chapters)

Box 2, Folder 11

FG53: feedback from the proofreaders

Box 2, Folder 12

CP00: miscellaneous notes and trial pages saved while making the CPbook

Box 2, Folder 13

CP01: rough transcriptions of the taped luncheon conversations between Dikran Karagueuzian and Don Knuth in 1996 (these became
Chapters 7--17)

Box 2, Folder 14

CP02: first working copy of the entire CPbook as sent to proofreaders

Box 2, Folder 15

CP03: extensive files of correspondence relating to all nine volumes of the series

Scope and Content Note

a few of these are from the 1990s, but the vast majority are from the period 2004--2011

The Art of Computer Programming

Scope and Content Note

Volume 4A of
The Art of Computer Programmingwas published in January 2011; it represents the culmination of a project that Knuth had begun to write in 1973, when the
first edition of Volume 3 was completed. More precisely, Volume 4A represents the "first part of the culmination" of this
project, because it's only the first part of a "Volume 4", Combinatorial Algorithms.

Table of contents of Volume 4A:

7. Introduction to combinatorial searching

7.1. Zeros and ones

7.1.1. Boolean basics

7.1.2. Boolean evaluation

7.1.3. Bitwise tricks and techniques

7.1.4. Binary decision diagrams

7.2. Generating all possibilities

7.2.1. Generating basic combinatorial patterns

7.2.1.1. Generating all $n$-tuples

7.2.1.2. Generating all permutations

7.2.1.3. Generating all combinations

7.2.1.4. Generating all partitions

7.2.1.5. Generating all set partitions

7.2.1.6. Generating all treesv

7.2.1.7. History and further references

Biography/Organization History

Background notes from Knuth:

I began to collect material already in 1962, but began to work on Volume 4 in earnest in 1973, while visiting the University
of Oslo on leave of absence from Stanford. For many years I made scribbled notes and continued to follow the literature as
new techniques were discovered. However, I also took time out for other projects (notably typography) and other books (notably
Concrete Mathematics and 3:16); then I spent a few years bringing Volumes 1--3 up to date in the 1990s. During 1999 I prepared
"Volume 1 Fascicle 1", a paperback booklet about the MMIX computer; MMIX is a new computer intended for use in Volume 4 as
well as in future editions of Volumes 1, 2, and 3. (All archives for that fascicle are included in the "MMIX archives" that
were donated to Stanford in 2001, except that I recently found a few additional page proofs that I've included here.)

I began to write the final copy of Volume 4A in the spring of 2001, in longhand as usual. My diary shows that I began to enter
it into the computer on 22 July 2001: "happiness as I resume typing Volume 4 for the first time since 1977". (I had spent
four months at the beginning of 1977 preparing what I thought would be Section 7.1; it was an 83-page typewritten manuscript,
plus 22 pages of answers to exercises. About 100 copies were made and circulated at that time to interested computer scientists
in various universities. The original of that MS is included below. Fate was, however, to intervene, because 1977 was the
year that I realized I should drop everything else and work "temporarily" on typography. The TeX project began in the spring
of that year and ran for roughly ten years.)

In 2001 I actually began to work on Section 7.2.1.1, because I wasn't ready yet to write the opening parts of Chapter 7 (and
Volume 4). I needed to flesh out the "middle" of the volume first, so that I'd have a better idea of what tone ought to be
set in the opening pages. I continued with the next subsections, 7.2.1.2 through 7.2.1.7, which took several years because
they cover a substantial amount of material. These drafts were first made available online as "prefascicles", beginning with
prefascicle 2A --- which first went on the Web at 1am on 17 September 2001 [a few days after a somewhat more memorable event
in the history of the USA]. Prefascicle 2B went online just before midnight on 31 December of that year.

In 2002 I posted prefascicle 2C at noon on 13 June, and began to work on prefascicle 2d. Those two were however subsequently
renamed 3A and 3B; prefascicle 3B went online on 14 February 2004. The prefascicles became true "fascicles", printed in paperback
by Addison-Wesley, in 2005 when Volume 4 Fascicle 2 and (later) Volume 4 Fascicle 3 were ready.

The same pattern was repeated as I continued to write: Prefascicles 4A and 4B went online in 2005, then Volume 4 Fascicle
4 was published in 2006. After finishing Section 7.2.1.7 I was ready to turn to the opening pages of the book; well, not quite:
I began now with Section 7.1, still postponing the actual introductory pages. On 27 May 2005 I reread my draft of 7.1 from
1977 and made vague plans for reorganizing it substantially. By 30 May I had typed seven pages into the computer, and had
accumulated a long list of things to look up in the library. (This was incidentally before Volume 4 Fascicle 3 was sent to
the publisher in June of 2005.) I finished the first draft of Section 7.1.1 on 7 September 2005, and put it online as prefascicle
1B.

However, I was soon to learn that Section 7.1.1 should be followed by hundreds of pages of new material, because Sections
7.1.2 and 7.1.3 were growing like crazy. Fascicle 2 had already been published, but at least two fascicles' worth of copy
would be needed to precede it! So I decided to create a Fascicle 0, to precede Fascicle 1; and prefascicle 1B was renamed
prefascicle 0B. I finished Section 7.1.2 (prefascicle 0C) on 17 March 2006. [Incidentally I had undergone surgery for prostate
cancer at the end of 2005, and had radiation therapy during the spring of 2006.] By the end of 2006 I was ready to release
Section 7.1.3, aka prefascicle 1A.

I turned to the introductory material, prefascicle 0A, at the beginning of 2007, trying to be careful to make it "match" the
end of Volume 3 without too much of a change in style even though the end of Volume 3 had been written some 35 years earlier.
That prefascicle went public on 28 April 2007; Volume 4 Fascicle 0 was printed in paperback at the beginning of 2008.

The remaining piece of the puzzle was Section 7.1.4, which turned out to be extremely interesting material for which I needed
to do extensive research. I had typed two sample exercises destined for prefascicle 1B into my home computer on 30 June 2007,
and had finished the first three pages by 2 July, thinking that the whole section would amount to roughly 30 pages max. In
fact, Section 7.1.4 wound up 80 pages long, with 267 exercises(!), plus almost 60 pages more for answers to those exercises;
and I didn't finish prefascicle 1B until 8 September 2008. Addison-Wesley published Volume 4 Fascicle 1 in 2009.

The paperback fascicles went through several reprintings, and hundreds of readers sent comments. Much of this material had
never before been published in book form, and in fact about a hundred of the exercises are original material that had never
appeared before in any form. Therefore it was important to get extensive feedback from readers, and in this I was extremely
fortunate. Finally at the end of 2010 I combined all the material from Fascicles 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 of Volume 4, added some
appendices, and sent the completed manuscript to Addison-Wesley's production department (in the form of PostScript files)
on 3 December 2010 --- curiously on the very same day that I submitted the final PostScript files for another just-completed
book, Selected Papers on Fun and Games, to CSLI's production department at Stanford.

Box 3, Folder 1

Original typewritten manuscript of the opening pages of Volume 4

Scope and Content Note

[This MS was incidentally typed on a "historic" early IBM Selectric Typewriter, which is now in the collection of the Computer
History Museum.]