Throughout mathematics in Grade 8, students build a foundation of basic understandings in number, operation, and quantitative reasoning; patterns, relationships, and algebraic thinking; geometry and spatial reasoning; measurement; probability and statistics; and financial literacy.

Within a well-balanced mathematics curriculum, the primary focal points at Grade 8 are using direct proportional relationships in number, geometry and measurement; representing proportional relationships using tables, graphs, equations and verbal problems; modeling and solving one-variable equations and inequalities; representing the relationship between two variables using slope, unit rate and graphing linear equations; applying addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of decimals, fractions, and integers; and using statistical measures to describe data. The following points provide a general overview of what students need to know for 8th grade math:

Students use concepts, algorithms, and properties of rational numbers to explore mathematical relationships and to describe increasingly complex situations.

Students use algebraic thinking to describe how a change in one quantity in a relationship results in a change in the other; and they connect verbal, numeric, graphic, and symbolic representations of relationships.

Students use geometric properties and relationships, as well as spatial reasoning, to model and analyze situations and solve problems.

Students communicate information about geometric figures or situations by quantifying attributes, generalize procedures from measurement experiences, and use the procedures to solve problems.

Students use appropriate statistics, representations of data, reasoning, and concepts of probability to draw conclusions, evaluate arguments, and make recommendations.

Problem solving in meaningful contexts, language and communication, connections within and outside mathematics, and formal and informal reasoning underlie all content areas in mathematics. In grade 8 mathematics, students use these processes together with graphing technology and other mathematical tools such as manipulative materials to develop conceptual understanding and solve problems as they do mathematics.