Let us assume that want to create a column, Tax, on the fly, based on the salary range.

Select [id],[Full Name]=[First name]+ [Last name],Salary,Tax = case
When salary between 0 and 36000 then Salary*.24
When salary between 36000 and 450000 then Salary*.28
When salary between 45000 and 75000 then Salary *.30
When salary between 75000 and 150000 then Salary *.32
else Salary*.40 end
from Emp