Empty Sella Syndrome

What is empty sella syndrome?

Empty sella syndrome (ESS) is characterized by an enlarged bony structure (sella turcica) that houses the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. The pituitary gland may initially appear to be missing when imaging tests of the area are done. In primary ESS, the pituitary gland is usually flattened down along the contours of the sella turcica. It is associated with obesity and high blood pressure in women. Primary ESS may also be associated with a buildup of fluid in the brain. In secondary ESS, the pituitary may be small due to injury, radiation therapy, or surgery..

What are the symptoms of empty sella syndrome?

There may not be any symptoms of empty sella syndrome, or symptoms, such as impotence, reduced sexual desire, and irregular menstruation, may occur. Symptoms vary from person to person and depend on age and what caused the syndrome.

How is empty sella syndrome diagnosed?

In addition to a complete medical history and medical examination, diagnostic procedures for empty sella syndrome may include:

X-ray of the skull

Computed tomography (CT or CAT scan).A noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses a combination of X-rays and computer technology to produce horizontal, or axial, images of the body to detect any abnormalities that may not show up on an ordinary X-ray.