You are here:

Sensory and Motor Growth in Newborns

Topic Overview

Newborn senses

Your newborn is equipped with all
five senses, although some are more developed than others.

Touch. Your newborn's
sense of touch is highly developed, particularly around the mouth, where he or
she is sensitive to temperature, pressure, and pain. Newborns like gentle
handling and to feel soft textures against their skin.

Hearing. At birth, fluid in the ear canal and middle ear may
affect your baby's hearing. This fluid usually clears in a few days, and after
that your newborn can hear fairly well. Babies are especially responsive to
high-pitched and loud sounds. Your newborn baby also recognizes and prefers the
mother's voice.

Smell. Like touch, your
newborn has a well-developed sense of smell. Your baby is also tuned into the
smell of the mother and can recognize her scent within the first few days of
life. Newborns like sweet smells.

Sight. Newborns' vision and their
responses to what they see develop rapidly during the first year. Your newborn
sees best out of the corner of his or her eyes (peripheral vision) and when
objects are about 9 in. (23 cm)
to 12 in. (30.5 cm) away.
Newborns can see color, but are most attracted to bold and contrasting
patterns. By 3 months of age, infants can look directly at and follow objects.
Around this time they are also particularly attracted to the human face. Don't
be alarmed if your baby's eyes wander or cross periodically during the first
month—this is normal. Children with normal vision usually develop 20/20 or
20/40 eyesight by 3 years of age.

Newborn motor skills

Reflexes
prompt your newborn's limb movements. Reflexes are involuntary movements made
when another part of the body is stimulated. For example, when the side of a
newborn's cheek is touched, the baby turns his or her head in that direction,
opens his or her mouth, and tries to suck. This is called the rooting reflex.
Newborn reflexes disappear in the first months of life as the brain matures.

Your newborn's spontaneous movements generally affect both sides of the body. In addition, when your baby's limbs are
extended, he or she will instinctively snap back to a flexed position. When a
newborn is alert, his or her hands are tightly fisted.

Newborns
often have jittery or jerky movements. These are normal and gradually disappear
over the first few weeks. Their arms and fingers sometimes make smooth and
graceful movements.

Your baby may become fussy toward the end of
the day. This may be a way for the baby's immature nervous system
to handle the accumulated stimulation from the day.

This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use.
How this information was developed to help you make better health decisions.