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Abstract

We demonstrate the use of inspired oxygen and carbon dioxide as a possible route to increase contrast in optical imaging of cancerous tissue. Differential imaging in human xenograft rodent models of cancer exhibits significant variation in signal between normal and cancerous tissue. This differential cancer-specific contrast is stronger and more consistent than the conventional static contrast. This differential technique exploits the response of abnormal tumor vasculature to inhaled gases and could provide a promising alternative to supplement mainstream cancer imaging modalities such as x-rays and MRI.

Figures (9)

Fig. 1. Experimental apparatus to acquire transillumination images. The LED box consists of two arrays of LEDs at 780 and 840 nm. The mass flow controllers deliver precise concentrations of gases to the animal during the experiment. The temperature of the tissue phantom immersion medium is held constant at around 37 °C.

Fig. 3. (a) Change in absorbance from the tumor in animal #3 at 780 and 840 nm. The various inspired gases are indicated by colored shading. The Air+CO2 mixture contains 5% CO2, the first carbogen mixture contains 5% CO2 and the second carbogen mixture contains 10% CO2. No color shading is used for inhalation of Air. (b) Changes in relative concentrations of Hb, HbO2 and Hbtotal for the same data.

Fig. 9. Dynamic change in the differential intensity observed for the tumor zone during the inhalation of various gases. The gas mixtures cycled over the entire experiment were in the following order: Air, carbogen (85% oxygen + 15% carbon dioxide in this case), oxygen (85% oxygen + 15% air) and carbon dioxide (85% air + 5% carbon dioxide).