The Diary of Charles Drayton I, 1799-1805

The Remission of Duties by Procrastination, is with other frailties inherent in our nature. The desire of deferring to another time, what cannot be done without the indurance of some pain, or the for--bearance of some pleasure, will, perhaps, never be total--ly overcome or suppressed. there will always be some-thing that we shall wish to have finished, and be nevertheless unwilling to begin. But against this unwillingness it is our duty to struggle- [and] every conquest over our passions will &lt;will&gt; render the way easier to subsequent con--quests: custom is equally forcible to bad [and] good: nature will always be at variance with reason but her rebellion will be the feebler the oftener she is subdued.

To neglect then the present hour for the performance of our duties is shameful and criminal; as no man is betrayed to it by error, but admits the negligence thro indolence. Reason and experience are al--ways ready to inform us of our real State; but we refuse to listen to their suggestions, because we feel our hearts unwilling to obey them. But surely nothing is more unwor--thy of a human being, than voluntarily to shut his eyes in a road thro which he must unavoid-ably travel- when by using them he might deviate the less, and avoid ruin. Adventurer. Nr. 108. As the day returns, so does our Duties. Therefore, Pro--crastinate not, least our business be increased there-by too much for the day.

Time past cannot be re--called. take Opportunity then by the fore-lock, for she is bald behind. Business began, should not be left unfinished. When delayed, much time is often lost in retracing the operations. If the transaction be to your advantage, the knave may thereby decline it: and if it be to his, he will not permit you to decline the completion, but bind you by your honor, to your detriment.

January 1 Sent Sandy with Jack in the fishing canoe to bring the Yawl: Tuesday.- Went to Savannah. Not pleas-ed with the works of the Driv-er -nor Quash's fine Gin. 2 the first yeaned Lamb of this winter. Toby finished two new shafts for the Solo chair- took 3 days.- Dined at Mr. Cattles with Mr. Ladson. Seems a promising young man 3 Sandy returned, the canoe being moved away. Jack to seek her [and] return on Sunday- 4 Rainy 5 Drizzly, cold. small birds gathering about houses. 6 Ice. hoar. cloudy. Steps covered with ice. I had a severe fall in the Portico. [and] several here, and in the neighbourhood, experienced the like, in going up or down Steps. Freezing all day. 7 Hoar. Lake frozen over. Fair [and] freezing Sent Jack with Mr. P.S. horse to town- [and] to seek Jack boat. 8 Hoar. Freezing. Cloudy, thaw, cold. Measured for fencing the N.W. ha ha ditch. From south end to the Serpentine ditch

January 19 Fair. Landing field, 2. ploug[-]ing finished. in 6. days. 20 Fog. Fair. took Cort. Per: 21 Fair. Hoar. No return of Fever yesterday. 22 Hoar. Fair. Turf appears green in damp places. 23 Fair. Went to town, Solo.- NB No pain now from my fall on the 6- but on sudden or vio-lent motion a little is felt. It was much increased from the first attack of the fever to its extinction, when the pain seems to have ceased also but as above 25 the pains from the bruise across my hips [and] shoulders I do not now percieve &lt;26 Returned to D.h.&gt; Met Mr. Sylvester on the &lt;Street&gt; street. He says he sold 400 bushels of my Waterree corn at 2/ to Mr. Huger. 26 Returned to D.h. Yesterday finished sowing 4 1/2 acres of Oats in Landing field- with 12 bushels, broadcast.

February 1 the boatmen came from Savannah to prepare for Jehosse. 2 Jack brought from Mr. Miles the fishing canoe he lost in town. 3 Sloop sailed before breakfast from D.h. for Jehosse 4 Received account that Joe [and] Toby were knocked over board by the Sloops boom last night Poor Joe could swim, [and] he was drowned- Toby could not, [and] saved by catching hold of the Canoe- Neither skill nor wisdom can avail Destiny! 5 Commissioner L. repairing the Ashley river road. Stored two 1/4 casks Sherry- 6 Departed for Jehosse. Lay at Mrs. Fawkes.- 8 Mr. Seabrook dined at Jehosse NB -He says, that hilling or bank-ing Cotton in wet weather is not injurious as is gene--rally said, but beneficial: as he [and] Mr. Binyard proved by experiment. Also, that Mr. B. banked in 6 or 7 acres of salt, sometimes brackish, marsh, the latter end of the last winter- planted 1/2 acre May 3, which produced 86 lb of prime cotton -NB. the land could be but roughly prepared, [and] the cotton had but one hoeing to keep down the salt marsh. 10 Sloop arrived at Jehosse. A.P.

February 11 Carpenters arrived at Jehosse at evening. Sent the sloop yesterday to the mouth of Edistow to gather dead shells; which by the surf are drived high up the sand banks [and] there--fore may be gathered early in the ebb. Mr. S. says they NB make as good lime as live shells, as is proved by the indico makers.- Also Capt Townsend built his tabby house with brick chimneys with lime made from dead shells and has found no difference 13 Sloop returned to Jehosse with about 1/3 load of Shells - [and] 23 bags of Cotton on freight from Mr. H Calder on Fenwicks island. 17 Returned to D.h. 19 went to Savannah. In the evening came on a fever- slight. 21 Fever returned in the evening. -moderate 22 .took cathartic [and] Cort. Perew. Sloop arrived at D.h. from Jehosse. Landed 6. bacon hogs 1. barrel whole rice. 1 do. small 13. fowls .6 doz. eggs. 2. Wine cases. 23 Sloop. Went to town with the cotton, [and] - 29 barrels rice No return of Fever. 26 Went to town with Maria. Chair 28 Sloop left town for D.h. with 120 bushs. Corn [and] 240 bush. Shells by act. of Jack patroon

March NB. Green Rye in ears, waist high, for sale in the Market. the bundles are 4 Spans in circumference, or 32 inches = 2 f. 8.- Hence I suppose the intent is about 3 feet circum-121 ference, or 1. foot diameter. The Seller told me, it was sown soon after the 2d. Strip-ing of Blades, i,e, latter end of Aug. or beg. of Septr.-: That at middle of Februy. it was knee high, [and] then sold at 7d. a bundle: [and] that 1/8 of an Acre would yeild more than 100. bundles. Oats. The autumnal sowing of P.S. in town failed in town. He then sowed the last week in January- [and] the 1st. week in March it stood 1/2 leg high or about one foot. -NB. He began to cut this oats for his horses [and] continued dayly until [blank] 6 Left Maria in town and returned to D.h. NB. Ice the 4. 5. [and] 6. 11 The two last of the hogs from Jehosse killed. 16 Mrs. Izard brought home Maria. 18 Began with 11. labourers to repair the Eastermost bank

March of the East lake at D.h. [and] to cleanse its boundary ditches [and] repair its banks as a fence 19 In the evening adjourned the above labor. 20 In the evening, Sloop left D.h. via Charleston for salt [and]ca, and Savannah for the rice [and] Waterree negroes - for Jehosse 21. Early in the morning, Mr. Ladsons Cottage house was destroyed by fire. It has the appearance of a wilfull deed by a servant girl. A few days ago the Drivers house, [and] all his bacon which was kept in it, was burned- [and] a few weeks before, he lost 70 barrels of rice in a vessel which sank near his plan--tation. May God give us Grace to consider aright his will. NB Mr. Peter Villepontoux died the 13.- 27 Went to Jehosse. NB. 25. Waterree negroes left Sava in Sloop for Jehosse 28 Most of the Edistow planters had finished sowing Cotton- all had nearly so by the 23. At Jehosse began to sow Cotton. 29 Hoar frost on the chaff, but not on the weeds or ground. Fig leaf buds appear. green. Chuck wills widdow in the eveng. Saw one or 2 Swallows on the 20. [and] the Dogwood flowers, white, as well as green. 31 Left Jehosse. At D.h.

April 6 Bay mare from Waterree foaled last night Went to Savannah. 11 Visited neighbor Loyd. He began the 8 to plant 50 acres of Cotton. He plants exceeding neat [and] on sound principles [and] effectual ope-rations. He sows Oats (5.0 as.) annually on the same land about Christmass- [and] on their Stubble he annually plants potatoe slips. From each he has good [and] im--proving crops. 15 Sloop arrived at D.h. from Jehosse. Brought 5. barrels cotton seed for Savannah -1. barrel seed rice .2. do river sand [and] 40. do rice for market. 4. bags Cotton, [and] some oyster shells. Visited Prati [and] Pratilla. At Prati are spots of many acres bare [and] not product--ive even of grass. there are 400 acres within bank -of which the Overseer says 40 are of the abovementi[-]oned nature. Some are impregnated with the Salt of Alum: [and] others, with Sea.

April NB. Mr. Loyd sets apart annually for his horses. 200 bushels seed rice. 100. Corn. 100 oats. to each of his carriage hors-es he allows 9 quarts a day of mixed grains - viz seed rice 6. quarts. corn grit 2. quarts [and] 1 do. of Oats. NB. On the 14 the Revd. Mr. Mills informed me that about 2 or 3 in the morning of the 16. he [and] many others in town were alarmed by an earthquake which shook houses [and] moved the furnitures. 18 About 2. this morning My sloop sunk at the landing with 40 barrels of rice. 19 Went to town. Chair. Sent to Savannah 6. bar--rels of rice - [and] 2. bags of the Cotton taken out of the sloop to be packed in another bags The one that lay on or near the earth floor at Jehosse being rotten [and] torn. The corn at Savannah is exhausted. NB. Went to Sava. the 16. [and] 23.

May 2 Went to C.T.- Chair. 1. horseman Called on Hagood, federal agent. Grants bond of W.H.D. may be purchased by a Bro&lt;k&gt;-ker or agent applying to his Attorney Garner in C.T.- because the debt is not se--cure - Garner may be com--pelled by suit to answer for what consideration he attained it - [and] W.H.D.s must be finally setled before he could obtain payment. See also a Me--morandum of T. Parker on this Subject 5 Returned to D.H. 6 Went to Savannah 7 Set out with Charles, [and] A. Middleton on a visit To Jehos: 8 At Jehosse 9 Went to Edistow club. 19 Returned to Jehosse the Cotton on the margins of swamp fields is very defective - There are spots in N.E. field of 1/4 an Acre [and] more have scarce any- [and] so it was last year: tho they produced good rice. In general the fields are tolerable in their ap--pearance. the plants are but little inferior to those on Edistow, they being somewhat older. NB. my sowing of Cotton finished April 15- [and] supplied May 1.

May NB On Raccoon island adjacent Edistow, they last year, finished sowing cotton May 17. &lt;cancelled&gt; &lt;cancelled&gt; [blank] acres thereon was cultivated by a few labourers say [blank]. [and] now, 2 labourers are picking dayly each two common &lt;cancelled&gt; baskets con--taining about 30 or 40 lb of good white prime cotton. NB Charles asked whether the overseer did not neglect my crop to attend his- it appear-ing evidently better. 11 Left Jehosse- [and] the horse Chance on Jehosse Lay at Mr. Skirvings 12 Arrived at D.h. 13 Began to Shear Sheep. 14 Went to Savannah. 21 My dear cousin W. Bull died -the 18 he was going about the house as usual - com--plaining or rather having only a cold. which was increased by sitting in a room whose floor was scarcely dry in the after-noon of the 18 23 Lamb club commenced. Agreed with Mr. Freaser Mr Izard Mrs. Middleton to kill Lamb every thursday.- 27. Went to town. Chair. 1. h. man. 30 My worthy bricklayer Exeter died in the evening.-

June 2. Returned home 3 Mrs. Elliotts Overseer [and] two negroes worked half a day in the Bear swamp road. 3. Carpenters came from Sav: to D.h. to prepare for an at-tempt to raise the Sloop. 4 In the evening came Mr. Willimans schooner [and] negroe Patroon to assist to raise the Sloop. Sent previously, Sandy to work in the patroons place. 6 Brought Mr. Simons schooner to assist in raising Sloop. 8 Sent back the Schooners. The attempt being unsuccessful, [and] the Sloop probably not now being worth any farther consi--deration. Went to Savannah. Wind north--erly, very cool. rained all day yesterday. on the 4. Hail at Sava but none at D.h. 10 Lay at Mr. Fullers in my way to Jehosse. 12 Mr. J. Seabrook dined with me. On survey of my Cotton said it was full as good as the generality of Cotton on Edistow. that notwithstanding the failure of plants in many places it promised fair to produce 150 lb the acre. Some few plants on Ed. are begun to blow & he shewed 1 or 2. of mine that would in a very few days. Agreed the Cotton sown in March not so

June good as that sown in April - [and] that on the 15. April as good as any. Rice, corn, [and] greater part of Cotton, very clean. tho none foul, but in good condition. 14 Returned from Mrs. F. to D.h. in the morning. 5 1/2 hours- - The hottest day this Year - Wind West. hot. Siroe Brought the horse Chance from Jehosse 20 5 Fellows came from Savannah to assist in repairing the breach in the lower lake dam at D.h 21 Do. returned in the evening 22 My brother T. his son shot in the leg. Billy went to Town. NB. the 16. commenced the Sunday Lamb club. Kill in the follow-ing order. Myself Mrs. Fuller Mr. Caben Mr. Freazer. 27 Carpenters Q. [and] T. [and] bricklayer Carolina returned to Savan: from Jehosse, with Pompey, in--valid - [and] 25. bushs. seed rice 28 Brought the above seed rice, remeasured 24:0:6. to D.h.- NB. 16. Laid aside woolen Vests. The Atmosphere this Month has been seasonable, [and] almost entirely dry

July 10 Moved the Cow pen for the 1st. time- It should have been a month or 6 weeks ago. 14 .Lamb club continued. with Miss Freazer- Cabourn 3d. lamb Peronneau began to kill beef June 22.- purposing &lt;cancelled&gt; every saturday to do so - or every other. NB. Sent yesterday - 24 lb 16 Yesterday sultry - this day do. My neighbour Mrs. T.M. had a a negroe wench killed by light--ning in the field- [and] 3. other ne--grees Stupified. It thundered much for 2 or 3 hours from 3 to 6. but not severe. the last hour almost a continual mur-muring. Had 2. bushels of Potatoe, sola-num, seed. Freazer. 2. Dol. NB Izards Phaseolus pea planted on ridges for Summer provisions &lt;were not&gt; fit for gathering. 13.th- 24 Mr. J Jenkins surveyd my cot--ton here. Says it as good as any he has seen. that it is amply branched [and] podded- [and] that he would not render the clumps any thinner; nor top them; as he has found no benefit, but trouble, when he did so. He thinks the cotton is in good condition in every view. viz as prepared, [and] cultivated. [and] grown. -The clumps are 18 inches long [and] contain 3 plants - the Spaces are 24 inches on the ridge, or 26.

July the height of the plants are &lt;cancelled&gt; to the waist, to the pit of the Stomach. [and] others to the shoulder. i,e. from -3 feet. 4. [and] 4 feet 9. inches.- It is preferrable to Mr. Shubricks -but he thinks this silk cotton to grow faster, branch [and] podd thicker, [and] more forward in ma-turing than the black seed. Went to town with Charlotte. 27 Sent to Jehosse [blank] bushels Corn [blank] lb shot. sent for Rice. 28 Returned with Charlotte to D.h. August.- 6 Lay at Mr. Fullers in my way to Jehosse. 7 Arrived at &lt;Jehosse&gt;. Wilton about 10. am.- It was so cool that I found it agreeable to button my coat, [and] kept it so, to the end of the journey 8 the Crops all perfectly clean so that none are working in any of them. They are getting cooper Stuff, filling up old ditches with litter, and covering it with old banks.- 9 Left Jehosse- evening- 11 Returned to D.h. Lamb club continued. 4 Lamb 14 Went to town with Maria Sent by Canoe 6 bags Cotton to Factor. viz: 4. Jehosse. 2. Sava: 22 Returned with M.

August 24 Quash C. came to D.h with 25 bushels seed rice he brought from Jehosse. Finished threshing oats. at D.h 2 1/4 Drilled, yeilded - 40.2.0 4 1/2 Acres broadcast. do 51.0.0 Average pr Acre Drill- 17.3.0 Do. Broadcast- 11.1.0 NB. both Stacks considerably injured by the poultry- but the latter much the most.- - The threshing began Aug. 10. continued with interruptions -total= 1. labourer 30. days. 26 &lt;Cart came with boards [and] shingles from Sava: for D.h. Carpenters came to [illegible] repair the roof of D.h. with shingles. Quash, Toby, Cimon. NB. Cimon lame by a nail in his foot. He returned To his labours.?&gt;

September 7 Received from Jehosse one barrel rice for use at D.h.- 8 Carolina from Sava. came to D.h. to burn a little Lime [and] job in field [and]ca. 13 Sold to Mr. Perronneau a Steer 16 Carolina working on the roads for Savannah 23 Carolina returned to D.h.- He [and] Exeter began to Mow the Mead-ow for hay.- NB 16. had a bilious purging [and] feverishness. 17. took Cathartie [and] Cort. Per. 18. no return 23. took bark 24 Went to town. Chair Solo. Wea--ther cloudy, cool. 25 Equinoctial Storm slight. Much rain, moderate gale all day, [and] the preceeding night. 26 Rainy last night. Cloudy, Show[-]ery this day 27 Fair. cool shade. hot Sun. 29 Returned home. NB Mr. P.S. informed me when in town, that he recd. Mr. Blackwall died the 20 in the night, at Mr. Fullers at the horse-shoe. 30 Stored 1/4 Cask Sicily wine 24 1/2 gallons. 1. doz. claret. 1. doz burgundy Madeira. being part of the wine bought last year of P.S.- NB Feverish yesterday. Took Cathartie. then Cort. Per. NB Lamb club ceased to kill after 29.

November 12 Killed a Steer 9 Years old- 16 Carolina returned, after mow-ing, jobbing, [and]ca, To Savannah 18 Went to town with Henrietta [and] Charles. 19 Sent Will to D.h. for papers. Mrs. Izard brought Charlotte [and] Maria to town 22 Went to Shubricks relative to my Georgia lands. The arreay of taxes thereon being 536 D. 51 C. Mr. Hagood thinks is more than the lands would at present sell for. By Mr. H. Map of the Survey of the lands on the great Satilla they ap--pear to be more than 40. Miles from the coast. Sauntering with Shub: [and] Lucas a cold caught me, which con-fined me to bed the 24 [and] 25. [and] to the house to the 30.- 28 At the wedding of my Niece Ann Smith to Mr. Rob. Gibbes.

December 3 Canoe left town with negroe clothing.- 4 Lost from my pocket, while riding in the Chair, my pocket book containing more than £140..- 10 Bought a Schooner of Mr. Graves a factor. Built by Booie, at Wadmelaw. Finish-ed [and] rigged March 13. 1796- She has carried 90 barrels of Rice 22 Fair. From the 10 to this day the weather has been con-stantly cloudy or rainy.- Schooner went to town with merchandise of the Negroes. To go from thence to Savah and to Jehosse. 23 Went to Savannah- Clothing- 24 Killed the large hipshot Steer for the Negroes [and] self Weight one forequarter- 118 one hind do. 90 208 Fat, unfried 32 lb Produced fried- 16.3 Cracklins- 6.1 Wasted near 1/3- 9.12 = 32 lb. NB 22. Ewes yeaning - 4 Lambs. 29 Schooner sailed from Sava for Jehosse instead of the 27. with the Carpenters. 31 Went with family to M. Place complimentary visit to Hal. on his return home with a family.

13 Sent Negroe cloth by the Wag--gon to Savannah. 18 Waggon returned with 3. Shoots for the pickle porck 28 Family visit to Mrs. Fuller [and] her Son on his return to S. Ca--rolina

Index May 2. W.H.D. bond to Grant 21 W. Bull died 30 Exeter bricklayer died June 4. Attempted to raise the Sloop. Unsuccessful 8 Hail 12 Cotton begins to blow. Sown in March not so good as April 14 Siroe wind. traveling to Jehos. 5.30 Horse chance returned from Jehosse to D.h. 16 Laid aside woolen Vest 28 Atmosphere has been Season--able [and] almost entirely dry- July 15- Sultry. Mrs. M. had a negroe killed by lightning in the field. 16 Dr. to Freazer [dollar sign]2. potatoe seed. solanum. Pea phascolus for summer provisions fit to gather, 13th. 24 Cotton plants, from waist to pit of Stomach. well branched [and] podded. The Silk species more forward than the black sees. August 7. Cool. Visited Jehosse 24 Oats- produce at D.h. Drilled 17.3.0. pr. acre: broad-cast 11.1.0 Sept. 13. Sold to Perrineau a Steer. Dr. £3.3 He never paid 23 Hay harvest. Late began. 29 Mr. Blackwall died the 20. 30 Wine. Stored.- P.S. burgundy Lamb club ceased.

Index Octor. 3. P.S. horse Chatham. Hall Middleton with his young family arrived the 1. Sent the cattle from D.h to Sava: for Autumnal butter making. Novr. 12. Killed beef for Market. 22 The Georgia lands on Satilla. 28 Ann Smith married. Decr. 4. Lost when riding in my chair my pocket book, con-taining more than £140. 10 Bought a Schooner. on 8 22 Yews begin to Yean. 28 Complimentary visity To Mr. C. Fuller on his return to S. Carolina. 31 Do. To Hal M. at Middleton place.

NB. March 5th. Retry the [illegible] between Vancleuse JDH is not [illegible...]

1800.- January 1 Went to Mrs. V. to see a Strangers wife. She seemed recovering for 4 or 5 days past- but unexpected--ly to all, she expired during the night. 2 ten Lambs are yeaned from a Stock of 22. Ewes. The Ploughing of the garden lawn 2 1/4 acres finished in 3 days. 3 Began to plough Landing field- 4 Went to Savannah. Family dined at Mrs. Elliotts- 5 By the papers it appears, that the great [and] good General George Washington died at his house in less than 24 hours illness, Decr. 14. 1799- 6 Set off for Jehosse, via Beech -hill- Rantowls. causeway being almost impassable. Lay at Genl. W. Washington 7 Cloudy. cold. Was near 2. hours in going from Gl. W. to Col. Shirving 7. miles. Between 11 [and] 12 Snow began to fall which continued to between 6 [and] 7. in the evening. Dined [and] lay at Col. Shirving's 8 Fair. Snow between 1 [and] 2 inches deep. Col. Sh. barn yard field 8 Acres produced of silk cotton 5000 lb - 1. Quality 850.- - 2. do. 25 5850 [divided by] 3 1950 lb Neat - beside 850. lb Nt. already sold. 2800 [divided by] 8 350 lb pr. Acre Nt. cotton Snow on . S.E. [and] W. sides of roofs

January roof, gone off. Arrived at Jehosse abt. 4. p.m. 9 Fair. Ice. hoar frost. Feverish in the Evening 10 Earth covered with Snow fallen during the night. 7 or 8 inches deep -at 12. Storm of Sleet [and] Snow. 11 Fair. Snow in general 10 inches deep- but where drifted 22. or 4. Carpenters began to make Gins -NB. they arrived at Jehosse the 3. in the evening from the Schooner, which arrived in the night. NB. two Gins to make in one week, is regarded as slow work for one carpenter, on Edistow. &lt;Fr. Snow yet covers the earth&gt; Feverish at evening 12 Fair. Snow yet covers the earth 13 Do. Do do. excepting spots here [and] there. Feverish at evening. 14 Fair. Snow on fields where sheltered- [and] in the woods- and here [and] there in open fields. Sent the Schr. to Mesrs. Calder [and] Murray for cotton seed. They sent one barrel having thrown away all but that. 15 Fair. Ice. Snow at 1. p.m. yet remains in the alleys between the ridges of corn [and] of cotton. [and] in the hollows of the surface of the earth. Passed within 20 feet of an Alligator basking in the Sun. No return of Fever. My lips seem disposed to break out. 16 Fair. Cloudy evening

January 17 Showery. Snow here [and] there, in sheltered places; as north sides, and hollows 12. 51 Windy, cold, west. Eveng showery 18 Stormy last night. Reviewed Hogs. 13 claimed by Negroes- contrary to law. 9 are killable Of mine only 9 fit to be fatted - of which 7. Barrows. 2. Sows NB When I arrived at Jehosse the 8, every thing seemed backward, [and] the crops short, excepting Corn [and] potatoes. 35. Acres of old field grown up was felled, but not cleared off. no new fences made. Not even a barrel of seed rice threshed, nor a pound of cotton ginned, nor one of the few hogs put up to fatten. In the summer, the Overseers negroes ran away; his Cotton must have perished with grass - but he took more than 40 hands of mine to clean his field - [and] when neither his field nor mine required any culture he then sends his Ne--groes to my field to pretend to honestly repay work Stolen, and positively forbidden by me. - Now, when agreeing on terms for a new year, he is willing to diminish his wages if he be allowed some more land.- I tell him his negroes shall Stay no longer than Feb. 3.- Hence he will go also - [and] so be it.

January Schooner left Jehosse in the evening with 1. Barrel of clean -rice 4 of seed rice. 1. corn. 5 cotton seed. 2. negroe barrows- 8 turkies - 27. Fowls. 19 Fair. Ice. Left Jehosse. Called at Col. Morris's Mills. The rice flowr is entirely free from chaff [and]ca - is sweet, [and] I think fit for bread. The Driver says the Toll is 1/10 of the Saleable rice. 1/2 of the small, [and] 1/2 of the Flowr. Dined [and] lay at Col. Shirving. 20 Fair. Ice. snow here [and] there in little pits or shelters. NB Cotton heaps setled, contains it is said, in each cubic foot 3 lb of neat cotton - but col. Skirving measuring a Bin, found that 5850 [over] 8400 lb occupied 14f 6. by 8f. 6. by 3 feet deep, being equal to 4 lb neat each cubic foot Returned home by Rantowles causeway which is passable but with difficulty [and] danger Rye - began to sow in garden lawn. 22 Went to Savannah. 5 Bags packd. 23 Some remains of Snow in shel--ters. Yesterday [and] this day my lower lake frozen over, tho no ice appeared on the upper one. Schooner arrived before morning- She was at Prati 19. a.m. the wind Westerly from 18. See 18.- 24 Some small spots of Snow yet.- 26 Heard of the death of my quon--dam friend E. Rutledge the pre--sent governor. I am sorry-

January for he was amiable [and] friendly. Our friendship abated [and] decayed, because I would not comply with an important request that I thought unreasonable [and] prejudicial. Impatient, [and] obsti-nate in impatient travelling excited the dis order that in--duced his death. Left Jeho: 25 Heard of the death of my wor-thy friend old Mr. Van Hassel. In thy wisdom those went ami--able, humble [and] patient. Alas! NB My good Stallion, Chance, died the 7. His Stomach full of Bots. 28 Agreed with Thos. Merchant to superintend my affairs re--lative to Jehosse. His entrance into office there, to commence February 1.- 30 In the morning the earth covered with Snow. This is the 3d. fall of snow in this month. It would unusual for a year. Snowed great part of the day. Average depth of snow 3 or 4. inches 31 Ice. Fair. by evening most of the snow disappeared. Schooner departed for Je-hosse, by Charleston, [and] Sa-vannah, for the Overseers Chattles- Sent by her 1. bal. of oats 1. do. Salt 11.- bushels. Glad to hear the report concern--ing the death of Mr. V. Hassel is an error.

February Neice, Ann Middleton, mar--ried t Mr. D. Blake- an un--common courter. 4 Left D.h. for Jehosse. Lay a Col. Skirving 5 At Jehosse. 9 At night, T. Merchant ar--rived at Jehosse. Schooner do. Leaving Sava: in the evening of the 6. with a 3. year old bull- a young guinea boar - [and] sundries be-longing to the overseer Mr. Merchant. Also a bal. oats. [and] of salt. 13 Schooner left &lt;Sava:&gt; Jehosse with 40 bals. rice. 5. bags Cotton 8. hogs- corn blades about 3 C- 3 bals. cotton seed Left Jehosse. Lay at Mrs. F 14 Arrived at D.h. 17 Schooner- arrived, before day 19 Finished sowing Oats. Went to C-ton. Solo. 20 Schooner in town from D.h. with 40. barrels rice. 5 bags of cotton, Jehosse.- Rice, 13. barrels said to be damag-ed a very little. 1 Canoe came to town for Sundries 21 Schooner left town- to take in a load of rice [and] cotton at my Savannah, belonging to the Estate of T.O. Elliott. 25 Returned home 26 Family paid the matrimonial visit to Mr. [and] Mrs. D. Blake. 28 Cloudy. cold. a little Snow.

March 3 Went to Savannah. 4 the Girls went to town with Mrs. Izard. 5 Mrs. M. carpenter, felled cedar trees, to make a gate for X car--riages, on the line between us: or rather on my land, close to within my inner ditch. 6 Marias chesnut mare foaled - a Filley. 7 But 51. barrels of rice [and] [blank] bags of cotton yet at the landing from Estate of T.O.E. NB. Nella came from Jehosse, com--plaining of the Overseers licen--ciousness, [and] threatnings. 10 Commissioners working on the causeway at Rantowles. Began to List Cotton ground at D.h- [and] at Sava: 13. 12 Seaboy from Savannah. Schooner took in her load Saturd 8. viz. 50 barrels rice 26 bags of cotton belonging to Estate of T.O.E. and did not leave the landing until monday evening the 10. Sent Cotton from D.h. to Sava: to be Ginned. 1. Waggon load. NB. of the hogs from Savan: 3 (shoots) [and] Jehosse 10 - killed in the last the 7. 13 Savannah. [blank] Males working on Rantowles causeway. 14 Went to C-ton. Solo. 15 Schooner left town this Evening going to Savannah 16 Returned home. 18 Went to Savannah. 19 Speissegger came, to Pia: Fort. 20 Went to Jehosse Sent the remainder of Cotton 1 waggon load, from D.h- to Sava:

March 21 Early in the morning, a great squall of Thunder lightning wind [and] rain. Showers frequent thro the day Philip, Jehosse driver, returned from D.h. - made his complaints - got whipt, [and] dismissed from office by the overseer. There appears a combination to endeavour to get the Over-seer turned off. He being more intelligent [and] industrious than suits their disposition. 23 Went to Edistow. Began there to sow Cotton the 20. through only 2, or 3, have done so. 24 Dogwood blown. Jasmine do very few. Heaps of cotton seed thrown out to the weather had plants thereon of various growths- some, near as large as 1/4 dollars Returned to Jehosse 25 Began to sow Cotton at Jehosse on the high land. 26 Left Jehosse. Went to Mr. Fullers at the horse shoe relative to affairs of the late Revd. Mr. W. Blackwall. Appeared a Swallow, [and] a Snake. 27 Returned home to D.h. NB. When I had travelled about 10 miles, the Mail coach passed accross my road about 1/8 mile before me. About 4 miles far-ther, it stopped one hour to breakfast, while I proceeded on to Rantowles bridge 24 miles farther. I arrived there, notwith-standing a Stoppage at Wallaces bridge of 5 minutes, above 5 mi--nutes before the Mail. whose

March horses were totally wet with sweat, while mine had not visibly a wet hair. I travelled 43 miles this day, with--out taking the horse, Pollock, out of the chair. the travelling gait about 5 1/2 miles an hour; ex--clusive of delays at one ferry [and] 2. bridges, 1. hour 15 Minutes.

April 4 Went to C-ton, with Henrietta 5 Returned to D.h. Began to sow Cotton at D.h. 8 Went to Jehosse. with Tom, driv-er from Savannah, to put the refractory, into proper behavior. 6. Labourers have absconded. from the 25, Mar: to April 5. 9 the Overseer says the leader of the plot, Philip, has ab--sconded with 6. other able fellows [and] a wench, since last night. They do not like the real [and] activity of the Overseer.- and they plot to get him dismis--sed. 10 Feverish. Had a gentle Fe--ver in the night. The Sloop arrived at Jehosse with 2. barrels of silk cotton seed from Savannah- which place she left the 7. Patroon detained by Rafts ob-structing the Navigation. 12 Feverish. Hunters from Edistow routed a camp of my runaways [and] took two prisonners. [and] sundrys- 13 7. runaways returned Left Jehosse. returned to D.h. NB. Veal club commenced the 12. To kill in the following order, every Saturday morning- viz: Mesrs. Miles, Drayton, Freazer, &lt;Fuller&gt;, Pringle, Fuller, Ladson, Middleton, Izard.

April 14 Easter Monday: The Vestry, Ward--ens, [and] Road commissioners, all well disposed to turn over a new leaf. Lamb club, agreed to commence killing lamb next Wednesday, [and] to continue every wednesday morn-ing. in the following order viz: Freazer, Pringle Drayton Caborne. The killer to send. 19 Schooner arrived at D.h. from Jehosse with Cotton 6. bags small rice 1. barrel - Seed do. 4 do. Rice flour 1. Do.- Pease 1. do. 72. barrels rice the remains of crop made 1799. left in town. 190 25 Went to town. Chair. Henrietta [and] Emma P. 26 Captains Mc.Neil [and] Inglis ar-rived in 40. days from an En--glish port. Rice. 48/. in Engld. Great want of provisions. NB. Rice sold yesterday in C-ton 15/6.cask. Price this day 2o/. NB. this the advance corps of the Spring fleet. Returned to D.h. with Henrietta [and] Hena. [and] Alfred Parkers NB. Carpenters returned from Jehos-se to Savannah the 22

May 4 Rogues Stole my Schooner Yawl. 5 Went to C-Ton. chair 6 Will, found the Yawl. It was Stolen by T.D. January, the great rogue, with Exeters Moss. which he sold to. 10 Returned to D.h. with Masters T. Parker [and] H. Middleton the barge - rogues broke its chain and carried her off the [blank] Went to Savannah Mrs. Elliott sent to me. her leg broken at the ankle 20 &lt;Came&gt; Went to C-ton. Chair. with J. [and] Hena. Parkers. Schooner. To C-ton 21 Henrietta went to C-ton w: Mrs. Ma. 24 Do. returned 25 Returned to D.h.- Schoner do. Feverish in the evening 26 the Carpenters came to ca--reen the Schooner- [and] do some little jobs for house [and]ca. the careening scarce = one day. 27 Febrility returned My dear daughter Charlotte espoused with Mr. Joseph Ma--nigault. May they both be blessed with content [and] health. 29 No return of Fever, by Bark. NB the 21. killed Lamb out of my turn - it being Mr. P. turn, who killed. therefore I killed the 28 in order. 30 In the evening, the carpenters returned from D.h. to Sava: NB. 21. or 22. Schooner went to C-ton with 6 bags Jehosse, cotton from D.h. See April 19.

June 3 Began to Shear Sheep. There are- Rams 4- Ewes. 19. Lambs- ram 5. ewes 4. 4 Came, 2. boatmen from Sava: Heard that E. Perry died 5 My daughter Charlotte with her Spouse, left D.h. to reside at their own house. Altho we are all happy by their union -[and] we have no doubts but that we shall soon [and] frequently meet -yet we all were much affected, espe-cially Henrietta. Yes! even the servants. Schooner in the evening de-parted for Savannah- via C-ton. 10 Went to C-ton with Maria. Chair 14 Schooner arrived in C-ton with 33 barrels rice of [blank] from Stono. The Factor, Graves, would not recieve it till the 16. 15 Returned by self to D.h. 17 Schooner came to D.h. 4 p.m. from town from Savannah with 15. bags of cotton made at Savannah [and] 2. carried there from D.h. to be Ginned NB. Exeter absconded from Jack the 16. in the evening. NB the Vessel Juffer Hendriana van Olst. Capt Eibert R. de Vries sailed June 1. In her were shipped 111. barrels of rice, [and] 6 bags

June of ordinary cotton viz 999 lb Jehosse 533 lb Savannah which had been in Store from Aug. 14. 1799- these were con-signed to Chollet [and] Bordieu of London - the latter of whom sailed from C-ton June 4. NB. the 8. the Ship Argus, in pas--sing the Bar, grounded, [and] was afterwards beatin to pieces, [and] most of the Cargoes lost. This must at the least be a loss of £10.000. possibly of 20 or 25.000 Let then the unfortunate Reflect, [and] give a check to their broodings over their Losses. Have we lost proportionally as much? In passing thro life, all meet with crosses [and] Losses, bruises or broken bones. tho God chastiseth in mercy, yet in mercy doth he leave in Hope, [and]ca, to comfort us. Let us ever be thankful then. Let us cast from us vain sorrows- and Strive, patiently to endure, what cannot be cured. 19 Left D.h. Schr. do. C-ton for Jeho 20 Arrived at Jehosse. All the crops clean. good. the Cotton not quite even, nor the corn- from worms. Rice has been kept 20 days under water, is clean [and] looks well. Swindersine said it never could bear it so long. the season April May June has been dry. 22 Went to Edistow. Cotton similar but more equal than mine 23 Returned to Jehosse 26 Schooner at Jehosse. I left Jehos: 27 Arrived at D.h. 30 Bile, purging. Fever at night, moderate

July as when they are said to be asleep- or as a briar had been grasped. He was a little confused. In 2 or 3 minutes he says his nose bled plentiful--ly [and] he became relived and well as usual. 12 Seaboy told me, that the Mare Fatima, was bitten yesterday at Savannah, [and] died this day- My best mare. 14 Went to C-ton with Henrietta 16 Henrietta went on board the ship S. Carolina, with her Un--cle [and] Aunt T.D, [and]ca, bound for N. York. 20 Returned to D.h. 27 Small fever in the night. 28 took bark 29 Obscure return of fever 30 took bark

July as when they are said to be asleep- or as a briar had been grasped. He was a little confused. In 2 or 3 minutes he says his nose bled plentiful--ly [and] he became relived and well as usual. 12 Seaboy told me, that the Mare Fatima, was bitten yesterday at Savannah, [and] died this day- My best mare. 14 Went to C-ton with Henrietta 16 Henrietta went on board the ship S. Carolina, with her Un--cle [and] Aunt T.D, [and]ca, bound for N. York. 20 Returned to D.h. 27 Small fever in the night. 28 took bark 29 Obscure return of fever 30 took bark

August 2 Gathered a few pods of Cotton at Prati or Pratilla marsh. None open at D.h. 7 Gathered one or two cotton pods at D.h. Abraham came from Jehosse for Guns. 11 Sent Abraham back to Jehosse with 4 Guns- Flints [and]ca. [and] with Ben - [and] 2 carpenters from Sa--vannah - viz Toby [and] Cimon in the new Canoe 12. I had a slight fever in the evening 13 took bark. Exeter brought a few pods of cotton from Savannah yesterday My horse Pollock having the haws in both eyes, they were cut away 14 My faithful horse Pollock died in the evening. On open--ing him the next day, it would appear that his death was owing to Bots in the Stomach [and]ca 18 Began my hay harvest at D.h. 23 Drew off my, Butler, old wine from the cases, into bottles.-Mixing with them, according to P.S., 1/3. of Sicily wine. Botled 4 1/4 dozen. 25 Drew off the pipe of Madeira bot. of DeSaussure Ap. 96. which he said, was Vintage of 1792. Gals. Q. Of clear wine- 39. 2 Of Lees- 7. 2 used occasionally 128. bots. equal 25. 72.- NB Loss by keeping in Pipe 4 Years- 98.- 120.-

August Of the 24 1/2. Gallons of Sicily wind had of P.S. [and] sent by him last Septr. Mixed with other wines- 19.2 Lees- 1.- Loss by evaporation- 4. 24.2. 30 Old Caesar, Mr. Middletons. H. free--man, [and] my Grandfather Bulls brick layer, who was a prime man at the building of Shel--don above 50 Years ago, died the 24. about 77 Years old. He was an Invalid. Returning from his walk, he sat down in his chair with his Stick in his hand as customary; [and] in that position he died without a groan. He appeared to be sleeping in his chair, as he often did: but some of his compani--ons calling to see him, [and] finding him asleep, as they thought; en-deavored to wake him, [and] then found that he would wake no more. -How rare [and] desireable is such a dissolution of Nature.

September 2 Began to work on the roads at Rantowles causeway. NB. the Bear swamp road labourers were unjustly worked from the bridge to the ferry instead of turn--ing off at the junction of the Bear swamp road. 4 Family left D.h. in the Schooner with Affy on a visit to Charlotte, on Sullivs: island. Lay in town 5 At Sullivans island 8 Left Sul: island, with Charles. 10 Left town at young flood, with head wind. Arrived at D.h. with flood in less than 6 1/2 hours. 13 My faithfull fellow Jack, the groom, died last night. 14 Dumplin the cook, returning home after sitting up late with the corpse in a draught of cold air, was siezed with a congestion in the head, which terminated in Palsy of the right side. 18 Departed with Charles [and] 17 bags Cotton for town in the Schooner. Head winds in Accabee, occasioned us to lay at Mrs. Bulls. 19 Caught cold on the water last night. Unwell during the day with fever at night. 21 Went to Sullivans Island. Afty returned to D.h. 23 Returned to C-ton. 25 Fever returned in the night. 30 Left town. head winds. returned. NB. temperature of atmosphere has been generally pleasant: but the Sun feels hot [and] fainty.

October 4 Feverish. 5 took bark 8 Went to Sullivans Island. 9 Riding in the evening until 1/2 past 6; Garments moist with dew. the dews are now so heavy, that in the morning, the very Sands seem moist. NB. the 4. a blustering Stormy day- at night a hurricane. doing much damage to the wharves [and] shipping [and] tide land plan--tations.- 12 From C-ton returned with Charles in the Schooner to D.h. 13 Election for Members Legis: 20 Went to C.ton with Charles in the Schooner 23 Toby brought to me in C.ton a letter from Mr. Seabrook anouncing the death of my overseer at Jehosse- Mr. Thomas Merchant. 25 Bought a bay gelding 15. hands. between 4 [and] 5. Years old, fit for draught or saddle- from John Jarman. Schooner left C.ton, with Carolina from the work house, for D.h. Charles went with Mr. M. to Sullivans island. Will came to town on horse. 30 Left C.ton with Will [and] two horses. arrived at D.h. NB. 22. Will sent to Sava: from D.h 1. bull. 18 Cows. 7 calves. 2. Yearls cut. Left. 1. bull. 3 cows. 8 Oxen ]and] 1. blind ox.

November 1 Sent by Will Mr. P.S. horse Chatham. He sent here Octr. 3. 1799 with a sore back to be cured. He is well [and] in tolerable good order.- 4 Went to Jehosse 6 Went to Edistow club, with Mr. Seabrook. 11 Returned to D.h. 18 Heard that my dear daughter H. arrived at C-ton from Rhode island the 13. 19 Went to C-ton. Chair. 23 Schooner arrived in town, from D.hall, to carry up the sundry goods, negroe cloth, furniture [and]ca sent by Mesrs. Bourdieu [and] C. from London. 27 Schooner departed for D.h. 28 Returned to D.h. with Maria [and] Charles, in the Chair. The Schoon-er had arrived [and] landed the furniture imported from London.

December 5 Two deserters, Bever [and] Pompey came in at the gate as I went through it, to Town. Schooner in Town from D.h. 7 Returned with Henrietta to D.h. Schooner returned at night with 12. bambo fashioned chairs NB. My brother T.D. returned to Ashley river, with his family, from his Rhode island jaunt. 9 Killed a Steer. - 548 lb neat quarters- 14 or 15 Schooner left Savannah with 1700 Staves [and] 1700. hoop poles for Jehosse also negroe clothing - [and] a new canoe. built at Savannah 14 Visited Mr. Loyd. Last year he planted where he lived, 46 NB. acres of cotton. Produce 27 bags, averag-ing 240 lb. Hence average of acre 140. lb. Within the roof of the barn,+ are two floors: one resting on the wall plate- the other is 7. feet above: its joists are nailed to the rafters, &lt;and also supported by one or two rows of Stud posts&gt;. This uppermost loft is for the occu--pation of light matters - as pease in the haulen, light lumber [and]ca. The lower or principal loft, is divided into bins: of which some are open, being about 2 or 3 feet high - [and] others &lt;[and] others&gt; are secured by lattice work, up to the roof, [and] by a door [and] lock to each. the Stair to the principal loft, is nearly cen--tral: [and] its apperture on the loft floor is surrounded on three sides

December to prevent falling therefrom. To the upper loft, are two stair - one at each gabel end, as the loft is divided in the center, to increase places for convinience. His overseers house is 24 by 16- the bedroom 8 feet wide. there are little sheds over each door and its steps. A trap door in the cieling, would afford conve-niencies above, as at Col. Senfs house at the Santee Canal. 15 Went to Jehosse 17 Schooner from Savannah the 15- ar--rived at Jehosse, with clothing blankets, tar, slaves 1700.. hoop--poles, 1700. [and] a canoe built at Savannah. with cypress Also arrived the carpenters- Quash, Cimon, [and] their boy- [and] Toby cooper. [and] a box of candles. Schooner left Savannah on Monday evening J. Lewis, administrator to the estate of my late overseer Thos. Merchant, came to Jehosse, packed up his goods, [and] carried with him 2. mares [and] a colt. 18 Delivered clothing [and] blankets. 20 Left Jehosse. 22 First yeaning of Ewes Christmass visitants arrived. viz 3. Z [and] A.S. Philip, regegade, returns. 30 Received accounts, that sundry negroes were carried from Jehosse to Edistow by warrant on Suspicion. yesterday 31 Left D.h. for Jehosse: lay at Mrs. Fawkes. Laus Deo.-

Shirts duration July 1. Henrietta departed for N.Y July 16. Charlotte married May 27

"Frail man procrastinates his duties. Memory recalls the remission to our minds, with pain- acting thereby, as a Monitor to amend. Avoid then Indolence [and] Negligence. As the day returns, so do our duties. Reason [and] experience are always ready to inform us of our real State. Procras--tinate not; least the business accumulate too greatly for the day:- and as Time past, cannot be recalled, make use of the Present time. nor idly let it pass, in vain ex--pectation of an opportunity to come, that may be more suitable or convenient Business begun, should not be left unfinished. For time is lost in retracing the operations: [and] the knave concerned in it, will, if it be to his advantage, break off the proceedure, or protract the finishing:- occasioning thereby to you, trouble to compell him - or injury, if you cannot. While on the other hand, he will, by means of your honor, bind you, tho to your detri--ment. Indecision [and] doubts, occasion the delay of works:- [and] delays, losses. Then ""do not Hesitate"" says the Greek proverb:- but rather follow some experienced Director."

January. 1801.- 1. [greek letters see original] Arrived at Jehosse. 2. Went to Col. Morris's Mill to be informed of particulars, relative To the Toll- loading 25 [and] unloading rice- coopering- superior produce of water mills, to the hammer Machines by cattle. the Overseer told me- that the toll was 1/10 of whole rice, [and] 1/2 of small rice, [and] of flour -Must send hands to load [and] unload the Schooner - that is, to carry the rice from the vessel to the loft, [and] from the barn, &lt;to&gt; the barrels to the vessel. 20. half hands, boys [and] girls, would load or unload her of seed rice in one day. Coopers must also be sent to pack the barrels.- The water mill does not turn out more rice by operation than the hammer machine: if there be more, it is only by its security against pilferers. Col. Morris's Schooner carries 15.00 bushels of seed rice within her coombs = to 75 barrels of 9 1/2 bushels when beat out. Also 106. barrels within the coombs in 34 three tiers- ]and] 10. on deck.

January 8 Mr. Seabrook dined with me- He says the cotton that is packing is excellent- [and] that I take more pains in cleaning it than they do on Edistow. NB Henry Heap, overseer at Mr. Cock--rans near Willton, sent T.D.s run to Jehosse T.D.'s January run-away from bear swamp. I paid for him 5/4. 10 Left Jehosse. Schooner do. with 53 barrels rice for sale. 12 bales of Cotton. Also For house, 1. barrel small rice. 4 do. seed rice. 2. do. rice flour- 4. turkies. 9 fowls. 9 ducks. 5. doz. eggs. Tallow [blank] lb Butter [blank] lb quart bottles. 12 Savannah sent 4. bales cotton to D.h. 14 Schooner arrived at D.h. 15 Do. Went to town. Schooner do. 16 I went do 17 I returned to D.h. Schooner went to Savannah. 19 Went to Savannah Schor. arrived at Do. 3 bags only packed. Total 7. Overseer expects it will = 20. NB. Mrs. Pringle plants 36. Acres with 13 or 15 taskables. She has packed 8 bales [and] expects to pack total 21 or 22. See May. 5. Delivered bagging to Overseer. viz 10 Yds. of the remnant. [and] 10 Yds. of a new piece bought last Spring. or earlier.

January 20 My cook, good Dumplin, died. She died of a Dropsy, from a Palsy, from a slight Apoplexy. which seized her after sitting late up with the remains of poor groom Jack- Sept. 14. 21 Went to Savannah. The Schor. left Sava: for Jeho: the 20. at evening. with 2105. Staves 22 Went to C-ton, with Maria. p.m. 27 Returned 29 At Jehosse. Schooner arrived there, 25. 31 Do. began to load. February 1 Left Jehosse. Journey. 4 1/2 hours. 2 Went to meet Road commiss. None 4 Went to Savannah. Intent fruitless. 5 Agreed with N. Joyner to Overlook at Savannah. at Rate £35. pr. An. [and] 1/3 of hogs- i,e, proviscon soley. commencing Jany. 1. Setled the Cattle. list. at D.h. [and] Sa total 90 exclusive of calves. 9 [and] in-creasing 6 Schooner arrived at D.h. from Jeho. with 2. bars. small rice. 2. do. rice flour. 76. market rice. 6 bags Cotton. Chaff. [blank] doz: eggs. [blank] lb butter. 4. hogs. NB. one hog died yesterday, with heat -was immediately dressed [and] sent to Sa: 71 8 Henrietta [and] Maria went with Mrs. Izard to C-ton. Carpenters from Jehos. at Sava: last night John Rix. a labouring carpenter- a Dane- afflicted with a Dropsy without a friend to go to - or any shelter - came in hopes to find an Asylum [and] relief.

February 8 Carpenters returned from Je--hosse to Savannah last night to get Stuff for a trunk at Sa- vannah- also some planks for do. a Jehosse. 9 Schooner left D.h. to deliver her load in town. 10 Went to town with Charles- -Chair. 3. horses. 11 Races began. Windy- at night Sleet, Snow. NB Carolina absconded from Sava from suspicion the Ovr. about to flog. He was taken by Seaboy [and] George at Mrs. Villepontoux the 2. He was ordered to go to town in the Schooner, but abscond--ed a few hours before she sailed. 17 Windy [and] cold from the 11. 18 Cloudy. Rainy. cloudy 20 Cloudy cold. Left town with Chs. NB the Schooner left town the 18, with a load of Slates viz. of 11 hogsheads Stowed in bulk for D.h. She finished unloading this morning 22 Schooner left D.h. for Jehosse 23 Went to Savannah. Began this day to repair Fences. 24 At Jehosse, with Charles. 26 Schooner arrived at Jehosse- be-ing detained in passing New-cut by Rafts laying across it. 27. Left Jehosse with Charles, [and] a colt. 28 Schooner to leave Jehosse with 81 barrels cleaned rice. 3. small do. 3. rice flour. 5. cotton seed. St. Andrews parochial club re-established met, in form [and] dined near the Church.

March 4 Went to town with Charles. Chair NB. Killed the 28 the last of the bacon hogs from Jehosse. total. Schooner arrived in town yesterday from Jehosse. Sent to Sav: 15 Yd. bag: 10 hoes 6 Schooner lost her Anchor, which she drove from yesterday in the squally weather- The Factor K.S. not being diligent to get her into Dock. 7 The Ship Jacob, Hamburg, J.P. Baer Mastr: began to take in Eighty barrels of my rice from Jehosse. NB. It was 81. 8 Returned To D.h. with H [and] M. [and] Charles.- [and] Alfred. P. 11 Went to Town. Schooner not aided to load by The factor, not to get a birth [and]ca Carolina taken by Genl. Washington patroon. Put in work house by Mr. P.S. 12 Miller [and] Robertson say, that the Ship Modesty has received my 76 barls rice, sent from Jehosse Feby. 3. to K. Simons. 17 Schooner left town with the 2d [and] last load of Slates, viz: 10 hoggheads for D.h. [and] other Sundries: [and] Carolina. I left town also Negroes began to work on the river road. 19 Schooner sailed to Savannah &lt;for ...&gt; with Cotton seed 5 barrels, [and] 1 of rice flour: [and] to take in planks for Jehosse. [and] a main-mast for her-self. 20 Went to Savannah. Putting a trunk in the causeway. The Flood gate tolerably good. the tide is rising, [and] the water in the ditch is 2. feet lower than in the river. the drains are dry, or nearly so.

March 23 &lt;At Rant&gt; Sent Carolina by Seaboy to Savannah 23 At Rantowles, I say my Schooner laying below bridge in her way to Savannah. She arrived there yesterday evening. the toll man says. She might pass now with the flood; but Jack patroon left her last night to make some vi--sits [and] is yet absent. Arrived at Jehosse 25 Finished cleaning rice crop Carpenters arrived last night from Sav: 26 All hands in the field 27 Left Jehosse. Arrived at D.h. w. Chas: NB. 27 Schooner arrived at Jehosse from Sava: with planks for 3 large trunks 29 Schooner left Jehosse. with 80. barrels rice To be shipped by Miller [and] Robertson. 1. barrel rice flour [and] 4 1/2 bush potatoe seed for Savannah.

April 2 Went to town. Schooner arrived in town the 31. with 80 barrels of Rice to Miller [and] Robinson to be shipped by them. 3 Left town 5. p.m. 4 the Parochial club met for the first time in their new club-house. The established Meetings are on the first Saturday in each Month Formed clubs for Lamb [and] Veal. The former to commence the 8- the latter the 11. [and] continue every Wednesday the lamb, [and] every Saturday the Veal. until further notice. The order in killing is, 1. Of Lamb, Mesrs. Freazer. Cabourn Drayton, B. Fuller 2. Of Veal. Mesrs. Miles, Drayton, Cabourn, C. Fuller. B. Fuller, Izard. Mrs. Fuller. Freazer. 7 Went to Col. Skirving to know the character of Zac: Stanton his late overseer. Has nothing to commend. Col. Shirving formerly much afflict-ed with Gout. Now he but rare-ly [and] slightly feels it. To this State he attained, by using new milk 1/2 a pint boiled, [and] taken before he arose or immediately after. This he continued regularly for two months, commencing 1. April. His other diet was as usual; only very moderate in quantity. When a return was threatned. he returned to the milk. which either prevented it, or rendered it mild. Corns cured. Soak them in hot

April water- pare them close. as possible - cover them with a plaister of Diachylon. When that becomes useless, apply another, which completes the cure. Cotton seed, a Manure. See corn: place book. Vol. [blank] 8 At Jehosse. Planting, [and] of Rice, began the 6. 11 Returned to D.h. 14 -Went to town Chair. solo. 16. Returned 20 Arrived at Jehosse, with Charles. NB. Schooner arrived at do. the 14. when she was ordered to remain until I returned to Jehosse. She left Savannah 10. mid-day. She was delayed in town by Miller [and] R ask days 25 Sloop sailed with Sundries, for market [and] D.hall. [and] with Quash carpenter [and] son. 26 Left Jehosse. At D.h. 27 At Savannah. Saw Quash there, with fever going off. The Schor. being detained by Rafts at New--cut [blank] he left her, [and] passed on in a transient canoe. One fellow [and] 2. lads came from Legge last night, to trim Slates. 29 Maria returned home after an excursion with Mrs. Izard to Pedee since the 7. Schooner arrived at D.h. from Jehosse, with 1. barrel cleaned rice. 1. do. small. 4. do. rice flour. 123, tho the Accot. of Jack tar, [and] George bustler, makes 124 1/2 bushels of corn. 10. Slabs = 239 feet 1 1/2 inch plank for Hatches. 23 lb butter. Also 16. bales cotton. viz 9 from Savannah. 7. from Jehosse

May 1 Went to C-ton Schooner do. from D.h. with 34 barrels rice. 16. bales cotton. to Miller [and] Robertson. 5. Calves. 2 Returned to D.h. NB. at club, a small majority much disposed to prevent [and] abolish parochial harmony 5 Neighbour Mrs. Pringle told me that she cultivated with 14. labourers, besides other matters, 30 acres of Cotton [and] sent to market 20 bales averaging 300 lb 6 Yesterday a swelling on Jarmans withers broke. renders unfit for tra--velling. Owing to Will overstuffing, [and] unequally, the Pad. Borrowed a chair horse of T.D. 6 Cold wind, N.W. Went to Jehosse with Charles. Planting, backward; by reason of interfering works. Drains in Nr. 3 unfinished. The 2. trunks laid on Frames on Dillets, the mill rights plan undermined by current of water [and] necessarily taken up to be laid on the old plan. 9 Left Jehosse: returned to D.h. Schooner returned to D.h. from C-ton the 7. Vesp: . with sundry ne-cessaries for repairing the roof of D.h. viz. Lead boards, pantiles, nails [and]ca. 8 Began, for the first time, to burn lime in the Reverbatory furnace 11 Drew from the furnace 1 1/2 hogs--head of unslacked lime = [blank] 12 Mr. Jo. M. [and] Charlotte arrived at D.h.

May 14 Went to Savannah 15 Filled the lime kiln with wood [and] shells. The last course of lime fil--led the kiln to within 2 feet from the top - then it was filled with wood to the surface. The quantity of lime produced 45 bush Recd. from Sava: 5. Cows & 4 Calves. 18 Road commissioners began to repair the church bridge. Sent 4 hands - viz: D.h. 2. Sava:h 21 Bridge finished Went with family to Mr. Jo. Manigault at Goosecreek: has great capability 22 Visited the French botanic garden. Entering that garden on the S.W. of the house a walk proceeds from thence to a low part of the ground which is parted from the higher by a paleing. Parrallell to this walk, on the right, is another inclosure, narrow: in this is a Chinese Tea bohea shrub. In the low ground, are several young trees bear-ing a pale red flower at the ex--tremities of the branches the Rho-dodendron. maximum. Mr. Michau sent me one of them, Rho but it pe--rished. they are beautiful. In this quarter, are several species of pines or firs; [and] the Kalmia latifolia. In the first mentioned part, which is high [and] Sandy, there is a Rhododn. maximum, [and] near it is a Tinus, with pale red monopetalous funnel shaped flowers. the leaves seem granulated like sage, but is smooth. It resembles, altogether, the Kalmia latifolia. The Viburnum

May Viburnum, or laurus tinus, bears in February small white flowers in a Corym--bus. there are many other cu--riors [and] elegant shrubs, but I had not time to note concerning them. I understand, that Mr. Micheau has ordered the particulars of his garden to be distributed to 2 or 3 gentlemen. NB. Enquire of Mr. Hi--melé. P.S. [and] Champneys. 23 Returned to D.h. 25 Jack, tar, [and] George, butler, careened [and] paid the bottom of the Schooner 26 Do. Finished 27 Attempted with Henrietta [and] Alfred Parker to go to town in the Schoon-er. After going 2. miles, the wind being too much a head, we returned 28 Re-attempted our voyage- three of Mr. Ladsons daughters accomp--nying us. We Started with the turn of tide; but head winds, [and] meeting the flood tide in Accabee, we cast anchor, dined, [and] in the evening went back to Ashley hall, where we remained all night 29 Weighed anchor at 10. a.M. Head wind, [and] meeting the flood, pre--vented our getting but a little beyond the windmills. We then cast anchor, dined, [and] proceeded to town in the Canoe. ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── NB. Monday 19. Carpenters Quash Cimon, Toby, [and] 2 boys. came to D.h. to prepare for the Slaters.

June 1 Subscribed for 100. shares in a new bank about to be established- to be entitled the State bank Procured the loan of 4. small iron cannon for ballast from Mesrs. Miller [and] Robertson - to be returned when demanded 3 Returned with Henrietta to D.h. in 3 hours 45. minutes. A very pleasant voyage. Sam, carpenter left Jehosse the 1. -arrived at D.h. the .2. 4 Set fire to the 5. kiln of Shells. see July 9. NB. Sue delivered of a girl. NB On my return - informed that on the evening of the 28. May, eruptions broke out on Sally; which proves to be the small pock. 8 Inoculated 21. children with the small pock matter at D.h. 15 Mr. M. [and] Charlotte came. 18 Charles feverish in evening 20 Do. Do. went to bed earlier much than usual. Complained for 2. or 3 days of itchings on the wrist [and] between the fingers- Schooner sailed for Jehosse 22 Yesterday feverish all day - [and] increased greatly this day. In the evening Eruptions appeared on the face [and] soon after fever NB. ceaced. It appears to be the small Pocks. NB Schooner left D.h. for Jehosse. 20. 25 Doctor Barron came. He says the Ship Birmingham packet has sailed yesterday. In her, I sent a letter of Orders, to Mesrs. Bourdieu [and] Chollett in London. 26 Sent Will with written Orders, to Jehos. 27 The cypress mast of my sunk Sloop, disappeared this day. She sunk April 18. 1799. So the worms destroyed it, in two years. 30 Schooner left Jehosse at Evening with. Corn.

July 2 Will returned from Jeho: to D.h. 3 Overseer At Savannah says the Schooner has arrived with the corn [and]ca at Rantowles bridge where she has grounded. NB He says there was at Savanna a great Storm of wind hail [and] rain that did some damage to the corn [and] blew most of it &lt;cancelled&gt; the 30 June.- but it is recovering rapidly. 4 Schooner left 60 bushels of Corn at Savannah: [and] went at night. 8 Schooner arrived at D.h. 5. p.m. 9 Do. delivered from Jehosse Corn 61.30- of which, 7.2.0 wet NB. 8.3.0 were previous in Bin. Seed rice. 34.2.6. Rice flour [blank] NB. By Drivers account to Mr. Toy- Corn, 120 bushels. Rice 33. NB. Jack never delivered Corn or rice in bulk without Defeciency NB. June 10. burned a 6. kiln of lime. By the proportion wood being increased the lime is burnt more perfectly - there is more lime [and] less rubbish. 18 Had, in the night, a little fever. 19 Unwell 20 took Cath [and] Cort. Per: 21 No complaint but weakness- NB 3 Carpenters went to Sava: to get white oak Carlans for hatch-es for Schooner. Sam left D.h. 18 for Jehosse 24 At night do. returned w. Waggon and Carlans. 26 Went to town. Chair. with Maria 31 Returned to D.h. with Do. Began to Careen Schooner. The 5. hatches between main [and] foremasts, [and] their supporting Frame finished

August. 7 Sent Will [and] Jack to Convey to Sullivans island 2. horses [and] 1. Cow. Mr. Freazer of the Ferry died this morning. He is a loss to parochial society as he was a man honest industrious intelle-gent, active- [and] obliging. NB Carpenters finished jobbing a--bout the Schooner 5 Hatches [and] house. 8 Carpenters left D.h. Saturday. NB Frank who brought a letter from Jehosse the 1, went, and carried with the carpenters to Savannah for Jehosse, 5. Guns Nr. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 2 kegs gunpowder = 25 lb. Shot 77 lb. Flints 5. doz Glaub. salts. 8 lb. 1. bolt of cotton bagging. 60 yds. these were to be carried in the carpenters canoe by Frank, Toby, Cimon, boy Sampson from D.h. [and] Moll Toms wife. Sent for Quash, carpenter, from Savannah to finish an omission. Charlotte delivered of NB. Son. Left D.h. to reside at Sullivans island until Winter. with my fa-mily H.M. [and] C. Quash returned to Savannah with 6. sets of cast iron gin boxes. Arrived in town. Visited Charlotte 12 Henrietta much indisposed last night [and] this day Febrility with Hysteria or Symptoms of approach. -NB. these appeared the 10. The weather having for several days past been unfavourable for excercise abroad. Atmosphere wet, vapoury, close often.

August 13 Arrived at Sullivans island 19 Went to Town. Weather hot. Feverish at night. 20 Returned to Island. Feverish night 21 Moderate fever most of the Day 22 took Cort. Per. 23 No return. 30 Fever returned. Slight. NB. Toby left Jehosse 11. at Sava: 12. Affy went 15. to Mrs. Manigault [and] retd: 29 September. 1 Feverish all day 2 took bark- Sent Schooner to Town to carry sundries for entertainment of the Club of St. Andrews. 3 No return of Fever. 11 Went to town with Maria. Hot. -Feverish. at night moderate Fever. 12 Returned to the Island 13 Fever returned - preceeded [and] accompanied with a spasmodic Colic. 14 took a Cathartic 15 Fever [and] Colic returned 16 took Cort. Per: E.J. 17 No return of Complaints. 23 Yesterday the Sun crossed the Line. There was in the morning a total Eclipse of the Moon - also the greatest height of the Spring tides. However the 21. 22. 23. were fine days: tho hurricanes had been generally apprehended. the 18 [and] 19 the tides were higher than the Spring tides. NB Dr. Baron informed me the 18 that Charlotte was taken ill the 11. It has proceeded to state of Yellow fever.

October The Birmingham packet, carrying my letter to Mesrs. Bourdieu [and] Chollett, passed Gravesend July 31. See June 25. 1 The first meeting of the Maroon club established on the Island for the amusement of a few select families. It consisted of four appartments detatched - one, for the general assemblage another for the Ladies, the 3d for the gentlemen, when disposed to retire - the 4. for the Butlery. The principal Fabric was an arcade composed of evergreen fo--liage surrounding a floor of boards extending 18 by 40 feet. the west end was totally wal--ed with leafed branches, closely pressed, [and] neatly arranged by pruning. the east end, was wal-led only 4 1/2 feet high, to pro-tect those sealed from winds- the north do. except the center arch, leading to the bower for the ladies, concealed in a myr-tle grove in a vale; which was approached by a &lt;cancelled&gt; serpentine walk thro a native shrubbery. 5 arches on foliaged columns, composed the South front- as many the N. [and] 2. the East. The roof was formed with spars, supporting an extended canvas. The Bower for the Ladies consisted of 8 pillars forming an Octogon support--ing a vaulted roof covered

thick with foliages. the wall&lt;s&gt; was in the manner of the E. side of the arcade. the Bower for the gentlemen was a par-rallellogram: 3 sides of which were inclosed. the Butlery was similar, but contained an inner appartment, as a Bar. These were situated at equal distances from the front angles, of the S.E. [and] S.W.- the little hills, [and] vales, [and] Shrub-beries, [and] the buildings, formed a pleasing [and] agreeable Scenery - and the happy parties made an Elysium. 3 Schooner left D.h. 29. Sepber [and] arrived - with Beck Will [and] a calf [and] a barrel of corn from D.h. [and] Geog. came in Z's canoe. 5 Do. returned to D.h. George 6 In the evening, went in a packet boat to town. 7 Delivered to Mr. T. Parkers clerk the Bills of Shoolbred [and] Givham Charlotte recruting rapidly - Thanks to God. Returned at evening to Sul: Isld: 11 Schooner arrived - with a Shoat 1. barrel 9 bushels corn. 1 Do. peas from Savannah.. 1/2 cord wood- blades from. Dh.

October 12 Killed the Shoat 13 Schooner returned to D.h. 19 Had a fire. Hoar Frost 20 miles from Sea coast 20 Schooner arrived in town to be careened, [and] caulked where ne--cessary, [and] to put in a new bowsprit of cypress. Will brought two calves. Carpenters Quash [and] Cimon came in the Schooner A slight hoar frost occurred Yesterday morning - Another returned this morning [and] killed the potatoe vines - but not those near Town. Went to town. Packet 21 Schooner laid on the land. The bottom is entirely covered with barnacles: we NB. never observed them so nu--merous [and] large. See July 31. &lt;24&gt; Returned in Packet to Sul: Isld: 22 The last longest [and] best of the Maroon assemblies. This evening had a return of a tertian fever. It commenced the 18. a very cool day. 23 took bark 24 No return of Fever. 27 The poor cow died 29 Schooner arrived at Sul: Isld. from C-ton. 30 Left, with my family, Sul: Island. Arrived at C-ton 31 Schooner proceeded to D.h. with the servants, furnitures [and]ca

November 3 [and] 4. Destroyed with Mesrs. P.S. [and] J Parker at the treasurers R. Smith Bank notes of Mesrs. M. L. B. H. [and] RS. the amount of [blank] Schooner careened at D.h. the 3 the high tides having hitherto prevented that operation. See Octr. 20. She arrived in town the 4. 6 Schooner sailed for Savannah. 7 Went with Charles to Club. Hoar frost, Ice. NB the 5. the wind turned to S. from N.E. quarters where it has been from Oct. 18. 9 Went with Charles to Savah. Visited Roans cotton field in the Swamp, opposite to my De-formé Swamp. His field is said to contain 50 acres. there is a ditch accompanying the bank- but I saw no artificial drains. The field was clean. the beds 5. feet assunder - the plants from 2 1/2 to 4 feet apart on the beds. [and] from 6 to 9 or 10. high. [and] fully podded. General Washington told me that the crop made last year produced 250 lb pr. acre. Labourers 25 or 27. Planted no more Cotton, [and] but a little rice though provisions in plenty. In my Deformé field. the Corn field produced 30 1/2 bushels an acre. 15 1/2 acres of Cotton, The Overseer thinks has already yeilded &lt;footnote to entry 7&gt; W. Roam told me his &lt;illegible&gt; planted 50 acres which produced equal to 42 1/2 bags at 300 &lt;illegible&gt; each. Which is equal to 255 &lt;illegible&gt; acre equal 12750 &lt;illegible&gt;

November about 11. bags neat: [and] more will yet be gathered. The field is rather grassy, tho the Overseer says it was hoed more than a fortnight after Roans. I doubt it. the beds are 6 feet assunder; [and] the plants from [blank] to [blank] feet apart. the plants are similar to Roans. But his field was sown 3 or 4 weeks before mine as mine was the last of my planting - [and] had occasion, with all my fields, to be supplied, until May 12. Schooner sailed from Savah. in the evening with the Car--penters [and] Stuff for the Machi--nes at Jehosse. NB. They arrived there the 12. 11 Killed a blind ox from Savah. 1/4 for house- 3/4 for Sale. Returned to town with Charles. 16 Broke the palm bone of the little finger of my right hand. NB. the same was broke in 1781. Striking a horse 17 Killed the blind ox belonging to D. hall, for sale. 18 Exeter roguing in town ab--sconded from the Canoe 29 Canoe returned to D.h with Sundries. Groceries, [and]ca

November 21 Returned with all my Family from the Summer jaunt to D.h. Killed bacon hog, Sava:- 23 Major Pinckney [and] Spouse arriv-ed at D.h. ad vi: Ashepoo. Attacked &lt;cancelled&gt; soon after supper with a Spasmodic Cholic. It NB. seems to have arisen from eating Spinach.// My bro-ther Thomas says he has repeatedly had it from that cause, so that he has de--sisted from the use of it. 25 Schooner at D.h. with dead NB. shells from S. Edisto, [and] 4 bar-rels of seed rice 1. do. cleaned, from Jehos: -both masts broke in Ashley river. Jack loitering with the Schooner at Pratilla, or it might have been avoided. 26 Schooner went to town for 5 ps. bagging - 2. gallons train oil - [and] to proceed to Savannah for hoop poles for Jehosse. 28 Charlotte [and] M.Z. arrived at D.h. Also Mr. T. Pinckney junr [and] sisters. 29 Pinckneys returned home &lt;footnote to entry 7&gt; Mr. Seabrook says &lt;illegible&gt; Edisto in &lt;illegible&gt; plantation preferred dead, to live shells, to make Lime because, they were equally strong, gathered more easily - and flowed closer. Su Feb 11 1799 &lt;footnote to entry 11&gt; P.S. says the old leaves are very apt to do so.

December 1 Returned from my chamber to the Parlour. Schooner arrived from town at Savannah. 4 Overseer went to town, [and] con--trary to orders took Seaboy NB Philip Bever Nella [and] Tom from Schooner to row a bor--rowed canoe in which he carried 30 bundles, the whole of one Stack of blades to town. Schooner left Savannah with 1500. hoop poles [and] 16. truss hoops poles [and] 2. gals. train oil. for Jehosse. [and] 5 ps. bagging. 10 Schooner arrived at Jehosse in the forenoon with clothing [and]ca arrived with Charles, at Jehos: in the evening &lt;with clothing [and]ca&gt; 11 Mesrs. Brailsford [and] Finlay, travelling visitors, hunting about the fields at Jehosse, surprized [and] took Exeter - A fel-low belonging to Mr. Deas, as Exeter says, got off with a few shot in his back. Sent the Schooner, with 4 ordinary helpers to the crew to get live shells. 15 Schooner left Jehosse with cloth-ing for Savannah. 1. barrel small rice. 4 do. rice flour 8. bacon hogs. 1. ps. bagging 53. Yards. 2 lb twine. Cotton-

December seed [blank] bushels. 1. cake Wax. 9. lb. - Ducks 5. 17 Left Jehosse. Arrived at D.h. 18 Schooner at Rantowles bridge NB. at evening. 1.st. Yeaning. 19 Do. at Savannah. Went to Savannah [and] deliver-ed clothing [and] blankets. NB. Carolina went 17, morning, to work at Mr. Cabourn, at 4/8 the day. So Overseer says.- Schooner left Savannah at evening - with 6. bales Cotton of Savannah, [and] D.h. viz:- 1 1/2. bag marked 1.2.S. of D.h.- 4 1/2 do. do. 3.4.5.6. of Savanah crop 1800.- Left 1. ps. bagging at Sava. mark-ed 56- 53. bought for 53 yds. [and] 7. Skeins of twine, sufficient to make 21. bags. 20 Gave clothing at D.h. to the negroes - also blankets by mis--take, as the recurring period will not be until the winter recurring in 1802. 21 Went to town in Chair. 23 Returned. [and] Schor. do. early Morn. 24 Mr. M. [and] family came to visit a few days. Killed a restiff Steer from Sa --vannah. Killed 2. bacon hogs from Jehosse the [blank] 28 Schooner left D.h. for Savan-nah. to take two new cypress masts.-

December 29 Mrs. A.M. received a very vio--lent contusion in her right breast. The effects so much alarmed The family that they requested my presence. I went, [and] happily procured her great relief. 30 Returned from Cedar grove to D.h. Schooner arrived at Savan--nah, in the afternoon. NB Savannah sent to D.h. by cart 10. hogs.- one of which Toby cook claims [and] requests. There are 4. in Pen at Savaa. as the overseers 1/3. for his provisions. Killed the 24, for Christmass- From Savannah, an old Steer At Jehosse.

Diary 1802.

January. 1802. 1 Sowed Pease. transplanted shrubs. 4 Went to Savannah. Made an agreement with the overseer Nat: Joyner, the same as last year - See Diary Feby 5- ex--cept the sum, which is raised at the Rate of £40. pr. An. Took a list of the cattle [and] hogs. at D.h. [and] Savannah. See Savannah Diary. Feb. 5. [and] NB, at the end of this Month. 5 Went to Jehosse. Schooner at Do. arrived about 9. a.m. She left Savannah Jany. 1. with the carpenters- new Masts [and] bowsprit. Her sails [and] cordage are also new - having had them but a few weeks. 7 Schooner left Jehosse in the night, with 66. bals. rice, 7 bales cotton, 5. bals. rice flour, chaff, 8 doz: eggs. NB. This is the first shipment made this winter. The Cotton is the first part of the crop made by T. Merchant 1800. the Rice is 1801. 9 Left Jehosse. Returned to D.h. 11 Went to meet the Commission-ers of the roads according to the Summons. Excepting C. Fullers, Mr. Cabourn [and] myself, none came. 12 Brought by Cart from Sava to D.h, 5 bales Cotton; making total from thence 11. bales, NB. marked 21.2 [and]ca 31. NB. these the first of Crop. 1801. [and] from swamp

"January 13 Went town. Solo. Schooner in town yesterday morn-ing. 15 Schooner left town, evening, with 3. packages from Bourdieu [and] Chollet, books saddles [and]ca, 16 Returned to D.h. Schooner do. 18 Began to work on the Bear- swamp road. Billy [and] Bever, of Jehosse, came to split rails: [and] carpenters Toby, Cimon [and] boy, to repair pannel fences. Toby left Jeho. 15 Schooner went to town with the 7 bags of cotton from Jehosse [and] 11. from Savannah- the 1st. parcel from Sava:- also 4. quarters of a Steer, 494 lb Nt. for J. Lewis. 23 Finished the bear swamp road from one end to the other. The whole time the weather was pleasant [and] dry. Which verifies the prognostic that [""]the precead-ing moon being fair [and] it rains at the change, the fair weather will probably be restord about the 4 or 5. day of the moon, [and] continue as before.[""] Now the moon changed the 4. the 3 was cloudy 4. do. Shor. 5. cloudy. 6 do. drizly. 7. Fog. Fair. 8 changeable drizly, fair. 9. cloudy windy fair warm, rain. 10. windy cold fair which continued to the present. ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Hogs. Accot. Jany. 4. 11 9. Sows breeding. 2. never littered 15 Shoats. 9. barrows. viz. 3 white 4 Mixed the rest black. 5 Pigs of August 31 Besides 4 hogs in Pen for Ocr, [and] 9 Sent to D.h. "

January 25 Agreed with Solomon Freer to overlook my plantation Jehosse at the rate of £50 pr year [and] 20 more if he makes a good crop. Diet. 5 hogs = 500 lb but he to, supply me with at least twice as much- also 1. old Cow. Servants- a Cook, a boy [and] girl not useful in the field. Perquisite. his 2. horses not to be fed with any grain, Milk [and] butter for use, but none for Sale. He is to begin his residence the 27. 26 Billy [and] Bever return in the evening, with wedges, to Sava:- Went with H. to town. 31 returned with H. to D.h. Sent George to Wilton, to in-duce Solomon Freer as Over--seer to Jehosse. 27 Solomon Freer entered upon his office at Jehosse 31 Returned with H. to D.h NB.Account Cattle, [and] Hogs, Jany. 4.- At D.h. 17 8 Oxen. 1. Bull 5. Cows. 3 Young calves At Savannah. 34 3. Bulls 30 Cows. 1. old calf 9 9 Young calves 7 Yearlings. B.0 H. 4. Steers. 3. 5 2. Do.- B.1. H. 3. St. 1 10 3. Do.- B.0 H. 8. St. 2. 12 Oxen. 6.- Steers 6. 94 or 85 excluding 12. Young calves [and] &lt;cancelled&gt; Killed. cow Xmass. &lt;D's Young es&gt;

February 3 Went to Jehosse NB Schooner arrived at Jehosse the 23. Jany. with Salt, Nails medicines [and] a Gouge. She sailed 26. with 65 barls. rice. 7 bales Cotton. 2. barls. rice flour. 2 do. Oats. 6 Left Jehosse. Returned to D.h. NB the Schooner arrived at D.h the 4.- [and] returned to town the 5 with Henrietta [and] Maria.- [and] the 6. passed Wappoo in her way to Jehosse. She arrived in town Feb. 3 or 2. 15 Visited the French Botainic gar-den. In the cataloge, Nr. 48 is entitled Rhododendrum max; [and] 59, Ilex prinordes. they Stand near in the garden, farthest S.W. 59, I conjectured to be a Tinus; [and] a row of small trees in the low garden, proceeding direct from the walk of entrance, to be the Rhod. max.- what is it? See Diary 1801. May 22. It is, Pinchnea Nr. 59 is in bud, resembling the Azala, [and] bears a bunch of flowers in the same manner. The Bohea tea tree is in flower. What is that evergreen with lancod leaves [and] scarlet ber--ries? in the same walk. NB. Mr. Micheau, in lieu of a common place book, folds 1/4 of sheet of paper into 8oo. [+] It is a Rhododendron

On one, inscribes Natural his[-]tory - another, Medicine, - ano-ther Politicks - [and]ca [and]ca. In his reading, such matters as he in-clines to treasure, he cuts the paragraph out of books, maga-zines, news papers [and]ca, [and] de--posits in one of the 8oo. covers, suitable to the Subject. I remember, Mr. Bruce, previous to his travelling, formed a port-able library in this manner; in order to avoid the incumb-rance of complete volumes; which contained other matters, to him, then unnecessary. ──────────────────── During my ride, I was overtak-en by an happy man, Mr. Taylor of Congaree. He had no burthen on his mind, spirit-ual or temporal. that during an indispositon from a stroke from the Sun, he had setled his mind in peace with God [and] man. that when he recovered, he experienced a surprizing serenity [and] chearfullness: he felt altogether as a new man, devoid of care or guilt. That God had so transcendently prospered his labours, that it was far beyond all expecta-tion [and] hope. That 50 labour-ers, (the weaker [and] girls ma-

February managing 30, or more, ploughs) made last year, five hun--dred bales of cotton; besides 10.000. bushels of corn - [and] raised so many hogs, for the supply of himself [and] negroes, that they could not steal. That he felt an impluse to declare to every one, his own happiness, [and] his gratitude to God. That it was well known, [and] indeed I have often heard of it, how his benevolence to others had overwhelmed him in pecuniary embarrassment - but that this wonderful crop, had more than freed him from them all. He then mentioned some benevolent projects. Cotton seed, when soaked, is, he says from his own experience and practice, beneficial for hogs [and] horses, as well as Cattle 17 Had a violent ague, tho but a moderate fever followed, about 9. p.m. I felt indisposed the evening of 15 which I attribute to the length of my ride, [and] to being out in the garden all day on the 16, which was warm. 18 Schooner arrived, after deposit--ing 68 barrels rice [and] 3 bales of cotton with Factor. Delivered here 1. barrel small rice. took on board 8 empty barrels and about noon departed for Jehosse.

February 19 Fever returned in evening. I. had taken 2 1/2 drachma between the paroxysms, the usual effectu-al quantity. Cort R. 21 No return of fever last night 24 Began to work on the roads along Ashley river. Began to rout the Bees from their lodgement in the cornice of the lower portico. Took of Wax, equal to [blank] lb. of Honey, = [blank] Charles went in the Chair to town to escort his sisters home 26 Labourers returned from the roads, about mid day. Total time 2 1/2 days. NB Feby 14. visited Mr. Lloyd. Converse partly on Rural economies. He has 17 taskables including the driver: They cultivate Of Cotton. 3 acres each- 50 Corn. 3. do. do.- 51 Rice- 10 Potatoe roots- 3 16 Labourers, at 7 acres = 114 Of Oats 5. Acres sown after Christ--mas- When they are harvested, the same land is planted with potatoe slips. The Oats averaged 20 bushels. The average of Cotton 175 or 190 - a guess.-lb p. Acre. The active labourers operate by foot gins - the able clumsey, turn band roller gins - the feeble, feed them. they produce 5 1/2 lb by day break or sunrise - [and] soon after proceed to works out of doors. Now, all is ginned but not Moated. See Diary 1799. Apr. 11. 15- Cott. Oats. econ. - [and] 1800. Decr 14. His field of Entrance to 24 acres. 50 acres produced 8000. lb = 153 pr. Acre 150 lb good produce - [and] 1/6 PC good price

March 1 Went to Savannah 2 Went to C-ton Solo chair. Schooner arrived in do. She left Jehosse 25. ult: with 65. barrels, the last of the rice. 2 NB bars. seed rice. 2. do. rice flour. 5 bales cotton. 3───────// 5 Schooner sailed for D. hall with the seed rice, rice flour [and] cotton - A Grand Forte piano, Barbarini Vase, [and]ca. [and] arrived there about 2. p.m. Veal club commenced to kill on Fridays, for Sundays. The members, [and] &lt;cancelled&gt; rotations, are - Mesrs. Miles. C Drayton Bull, Caboon, C. Fuller, B. Fuller Mrs. Fuller. Freazer 6 Returned to D. hall. 9 Went with Charles to Jehosse 11 Went to Edisto. The club, to have been this day; postponed. 12 Returned to Jehosse. 13 Arrived at D. hall. 15 Went to Savannah. Schor. there 12. lowering foremast, snapt to 3. pieces 16 Do. to C-ton. 20 Returned 22 Schooner remasted sent to Mr. Wm. Seabrook at white point, for a freight of 31 or 2 bags, - at 1/6 PC. wt. NB. prevented from going till 24 Carpenters Q. T. [and] C. came from Sava: for their Canoe To go to town for sundries for Jehosse. viz: 1. grind stone. 1. carpenters adz. saw. jack plane. spike gim [illegible] Carps. from D.h. all at Sava: for 2 Masts, flood gate houses, [and}ca. [+]Schooner sailed for Savannah the 8. arrived there 12. the Cut im--passable by a Schor. across

March spike gimlet 23 Carpenters left D.h. for Jehosse via C-ton. [and] carried 24. hoes 1. suit baby clothes. 12. Yd. rope for cattle. Sent Will in canoe, with chair wheel 45. lb. to be tiered. [and] 2. ploughs to be laid. Came John Baptist Langeotte, priest; sent from the Convent [and] Hospital on the mountain St. Barnard the great, to collect from the charita-ble, to repair their buildings de--stroyed by both parties in the ferocious revolutionary war of France. The institution is truly Christian. travellers are refreshed for three days - [and] the sick are taken care of until they are well. On the road crossing this Alp, the highest of Switserland [and] Savoy, except, St. Gothard its equal, [and] Mont Blanc. there are two villages, each about 9 miles distant from the Hospital - the one in the ascent, the other in the descent. the course of the road is marked by two trunks of high trees, placed at proper distances. For, a great part of the Year, the snow covers the&lt;m&gt; road many feet; [and] often. the very summits of these directing Stems. so, that the bretheren of the Institution, which consist of about 30, go in turn to seek the lost wanderer, to conduct him to their Hospital - to refresh him- to prevent or to remedy the effects of the Frost upon their bo--dies, or limbs. -They also send out [+]They could formerly, lodge near about 150. tho seldom more than 6 or 8 or 10 came in one day.

March their instructed Dogs, of which they keep 6 or 8, to search for such as have perished, [and] laid buried in the Snow. Such as they find on the melting of the snows, they tear off a piece of their garment, [and] carry it to the Hospital:- They then return with some of the bretheren, who carry, [and] bury them in a Chappel, erected about mid-way between the Hospital [and] the village. 24 Mr. Michaux the son of my friend, paid me a visit. He told me his father in returning to France was cast away on the shores of Holland by a great Storm. He was taken up lifeless, [and] was 36 hours insensible. Afterwards, he was sent by the French government in a frigate, as the superior of 5 Natu--ralists, to make a voyage of Discoveries of Nature. She was called the Naturalist: [and] another called the Peographist, accompa-nied her, with a similar society of Geographers. Will returned with the wheel, but not with ploughs. Killed the last of the bacon hogs. total 17- from Novr. 21. NB. of 11 from Savannah, cook Toby had one, [and] another was Too forward with pig to be killed. 29 Went to Savannah. Carpenters came To D.h. 22. went to town 23. Left Savannah for Jehosse. 24. evening. Schooner left Savan 24. to White point for 31 bags cotton. freight at 1/6 PC. 30 At Jehosse with Charles Carpenters at do. 26. 31.Chuck wills widdow. several Swallows

May Sat: 1 Finished careening Schooner- 1. barrel Tar.- 2 Carpenters arrived yesterday at Sava: from Jehosse. 3 Sent Canoe with a broken plough [and] 5 calves to town. 4 Henr. [and] Mar. went in Chair to visit Mrs. Baron 5 Canoe returned. Drew Sein. 6 Mr. J. Parker came in his way to the Ew. haws 7 Schooner with carpenters T. [and] C. went for Savannah with a black hog barrow. Sheep shearing began 6. Do. finished. Sheared 25. Lambs 15. 10 Went with Charles to Jehosse Moon entered first quarter the 9: - high water at the Mill at, or a little after 3. p.m. -Arrived at the Mill 10 or 15 minutes after 3. Sent off a canoe im-mediately, for the canoe and flat. I got over in my canoe up to the end of the canal. The flat arrived at mill at least one hour before the horses arrived [and] entered -perhaps 1 1/4 or 1 1/2 hour. They arrived and landed at flood gate about 7. or Sun-set. a little before 12 Crop all planted. 90 acres fo cotton hoed. All is very well considering the dry Seasons 13 Returned to D.h. [and] dined there 14 Went with Charles in chair to Mr. M. at Goosecreek- by Ferry ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── NB April 30, Veal club continued. Mr. Miles declines. The order is the same as before. T.D. enters, [and] kills the last. See March 5.

May 16 Returned with family from Mr. M. To Mr. Simons. Chair [and] Ser--vant went by ferry 17 Examined Mr. Simon's cotton machines. They seem to answer his object very well. They pre--pare the cotton for market bet-ter than any machines here-tofore in use. Returned with family, in Canoe, to D.h. Schooner went from Sava: 11. with blades, 4 Calves arrived at Rantwoles bridge from C.ton, 15. at Evening. About mid day percieved sen--sations of a spasmodic colic- about 6. p.m. went to bed- fo--mented. ceased between 9 [and] 10.- It was moderate 18 No complaint. Sent Waggon to Savannah for two barrels of Corn. 19 Waggon returned, evening, 18 bushels -Tho measured here, George says 18.0.7.- NB. the remnant of the last load is, 1. bushel of seed corn- [and] 6. quarts for eating. NB the weekly expenditure of Corn, is at present - for use of the House, negroes, horses [and] poultry - exclusive of Extra's, as visitors, horses [and]ca- 10 1/2 bushels. 20 Charlotte [and] Mr. M. came. Mr. M. went the 21. [and] returned 23. Sunday 25 Mr. [and] Mrs. M. went home 26 Went with H [and] M. to Middleton place [and] Cedar Grove. Charles es--corted the Z. to Goosecreek. 29 Returned from Cedar grove to D.h. Schooner left Sava: with Mr. Carryls goods 23. Left town [and] arrived at D.h. the 27. 30 Received from Sava 18 bushels of Corn. George says 18.1. peck. Remnant from last 6 quarts

June 2 Came 5 Cows- [and] 5 calves for mar--ket, from Savannah. Schooner sailed in the even--ing for Jehosse, with plough irons. 1. keg powder, 42 lb Shot - 10. empty rice barrels: [and] 5. calves for market. [and] Sundries from Factor 6 Received from Doctor Barron a specimen of his Persian arbris-sean or shrub, mimosa, [and] full blown. See Mimosa Com. place book. green folio. 7 At the launch of Mr. Warings new Schooner. Burthen about 180 barrels of rice, or 22 cords of wood- 1. cord being equal 8 barrels. 8 Went with Charles To Jehosse. Schooner sailed from Town Friday the 4: arrived at Jehosse the 7. in the morning:- took in her load [and] departed in the evening.- viz. 89 bales of Cotton .20 barrels (202 bushels) seed rice. 1. barrel cleaned rice. Butter [blank] lb. 21 fowls .2 guns to repair 11 Mr. Seabrook inspected the cotton fields with me. Likes the crop. Better than generallity on Edisto. Some parts appear more for--ward than any that he has seen this year. Pods &lt;l.&gt; nearer to the ground - [and] numerous for the size of the plants. 12 Left Jehosse. Dined with Mr. Loyd at his villa. Schooner arrived at D.h. at &lt;Noon&gt; about Noon. See 8.

14 Began to feed the horses on seed rice this morning, at 16. quarts dayly. Fed twice in the day. 17 Received from Savannah &lt;2&gt; barrels of corn. containing 18 bushels. George says 18.2.0. Killed 3d. lamb for Club. The 15. 21 Horses- 17 quarts dayly- 24 Went with H. to town in the Schooner. 27 Veal killing having ceased the 18 Lamb killing is altered to Sundays beginning this day.- Cream &lt;cancelled&gt; coloured gelding colt died at Savannah. Overseer saw it in high health, [and] few hours after, saw it dead [and] swelled. It was supposed that he was bitten by a snake, as neither dogs or buzzards would touch it.-

July 1 Returned with Henrietta in the Schooner. Freer, overseer from Jehosse came. Informs, Ben being drowned. Cotton in Swamp first blossom seen the 20. It is more forward than on high land. Sees none on Edisto or elsewhere equal to it. the 17 acres of rice of 20. in Nr. 5. having perished totally by the water is replanted,[and] thriving. He says that at Savannah the Cotton in Deformé is thin, some perishing - [and] on the high land not promising well. Beds too high [and] narrow. 6 Went with Charles to Sava. Cotton in Deformé. Some places &lt;proper&gt; with baulks- some thin from failures [and] sore skins -but in general proper. In Fuller planting finished 12. May. in general good - but, much, Stunted - thin, [and] some baulks. Altered 3 Stray troublesome Mules at Sava:- Recd. from Sava:- corn 26.2.0 overseer says. viz. 2 barrels of 8.2.0 [and] one of 9.2.0 George measured the last at D.h. 10.2.0 NB Emptied yesterday, one barrel of rice 9.2.4. into the Bin to send to Sava: for Corn.- 7 2 men 2 weomen from Sava: to assist planting potatoe slips. -Dick came the 5. to cooper [+] with Sundries for house, [and] 2 bar--rels of Tar.

July 10&lt;7&gt; the 5 negroes from Savannah returned at evening. 17 Felt feverish in the evening. NB. Rains have been almost constant from the evening of the 10. to midday of the 15. &lt;18 19 Feverish at evening. Went with C to Savannah&gt;. Maria complaining of full--ness in head [and] pain, for a few days &lt;or 2&gt; past - some symp-toms of Histeria appeared. viz dejection, involuntary tears crying- Sent her to town with Mrs. Izard. 18 Feverish at evening 19 Went with Charles to Savannah. While at Sava. an unusual circumstance happened at D.h. A ball of electric fire passed over part of my cotton field near the upper lake, called Deforme, [and] fell upon an oak, about the middle of the field. consuming the moss, which fell from it like a shower of fire. In its passage, it affected a young woman -driving a pipe out of her mouth, her hat reel around. It drove the hoes from the hands of two fellows. [and] a hat from one of their heads. - It did no other harm. 20 Henrietta [and] Charles went in the chair to town to bring Maria home. 21 I took bark yesterday [and] this day

July 22 No return of febrility yester-day. Henrietta [and] Charles returned without Maria - she being yet oppressed in spirits.- 26 Carpenters Toby [and] Cimon came to caulk [and] overhaul the Schooner 28 Schooner. finished caulking graving [and] paying. Work much baulked by rains. 31 Dull [and] feverish NB 23 Delivered the 5th. barrel of seed rice for horses [and] poultry- August 1 Dull [and] feverish. Took Bark in the evening. 2 took 3 more doses - Total 4- Feverishness [and] heaviness re-turned at evening. 3 Went with H [and] C. in the Schooner to town in 3 1/2 hours 4 Went with M. [and] C. to sul. island 5 Returned with C. to town. 7 Do. to D.h. with H. [and] C. to D.h in 3 hours. NB The lamb club ceased for the season- Fuller not killing the 1.st. 11 Slight fever. 12. do. at night. 13 Received from Savannah three barrels corn = 28.0.7. of which 3.0.7. were wet by passing through the low grounds. No return of fever.

August 18 Overseer Joyner removed his sick brother from T.D. [and] car--ried him to Savannah. 21 Joyners brother died- 23 Sailed with H [and] Chs. from D.h. to reside at Sullivans island until frost. Sent to town Will with chair 2. horses Laid at Ashley hall 4 Towed from do to C-ton. arrived there a little after 10. a.m. Proceeded with a light unfa--vourable breeze. Cast anchor near Pinckney battery - dined - arrived at Mr. M. Sul. island a little after 7. p.m. 26 Went to town with H. Chs. in the Schooner. Becalmed - cast anchor- tedious pasage 7. hours. arrived in town 1/2 past 2. p.m. 28 Paid on the Bond of W.H.D. To Genl. Grant £1500. to Ed. Gairdner.

September 1 Went in packet to town 2 Schooner arrived with 3 calves 25 C- blades at evening 31. Left Savannah same day. This the last of the Dog days. Sun hot. Thermometer 85 2/3 - but the heat is tempered by a plea-sent breeze. In the shade it is delightful. 4 Returned to Sul. island in Schor. [and] &lt;2&gt;5 C- blades. 5 Schor. returned to C-ton 6 Do. do. to D.h. with 2. large empty chests; [and] 3 small boxes with glass. china [and]ca Also from Factor 3 bushels of Salt for D.h. [and] 1. do. for Savannah: where she is to go to convey the carpenters [and] Lumber to Jehosse. 8 Sava: sent to D.h. 18 bushs. Corn.- 10 Schooner at Savannah. Bridge Began the 8, to pick cotton at NB Savannah in Deforme. Mr. Lloyd began some days before. Tho we planted near the same time his came up before mine as in D. the beds were Dusky land, [and] dry. 9 Marron assemblies commenced. 13 Schooner left Savannah with Sills [and] scantlings for Jehosse- [and], the carpenters. [and] 6. pr. gin boxes 18 Do. at Jehosse. NB the Schooner delayed, by the car--penters overpersuading the Pa--troon to take the raft in tow, which they should have done with their own canoe.

September 22 Felt feverish at evening 24 Fever returned - [and] the 26. 28 [and] 30 but so gentle as not to confine to the chamber. 29 Schooner in town from Jehosse. 30 Jack patroon came to Sulli--vans island by Packet. NB. Schooner called in at Savannah 26 for &lt;2&gt; 2. waggon loads of blades. She left Je--hosse 22. October 1 Friday. took bark 2 No return of fever. NB Intermittents &lt;are to be met&gt; may originate from cold merely, at Sullivans island. There was Rain the 19. 20. 21. 22. - 20 [and] 21. cloudy. 22. cold from which I suffered that day. for want of proper cloathing.- Schooner discharged the sand at D.h. [and] proceeded to C-ton 7 Schooner at Sullivns with Blades [and] clothes. Squally weather weather prevented her getting to wharf to sell the other part of them

October 11&lt;2&gt; Saw at one view, 29 Sea vessels coming, [and] going over the Bar. 15. Last of Marroon Assemblies- 18 Schooner at Sullivans island -left D.h. 17. -Siezed by Catank. 22 Sent Charles to D.h. for some papers 23 Do. returned Schooner arrived at D.h. the 22 detained by head winds. NB Sent by her Sundries 28 It is nearly gone, the Catank with which I was attacked on the 18. I was sitting in a current of air, but far from the window where it entered. 29 The first hoar frost occurred that I have notice of. Went to town in in Mr. G. Ma--nigaults canoe Heard the 27. that Mr. Gairdener had failed for a great amount in Charleston. 30 Returned to Sul. island NB 25. [and] 26. Schooner careened [and} paid 16 Corn- 18.2.0 Sent from Savannah to D.h.- 31 Schoner left D.h. with 9 bags of cotton for accs. T.D. - NB. carried for do. 20 do the 17-

November 2 Ice on a tub of water. thick as a dollar. Schooner at island in the evening. She came to town the [blank] with T.D. cotton from Ashley river. 3 My family [and] Mr. J. M.'s left the island. I had a fever in the evening in town.- from a cold from packing [and] hurrying. 4 Horses arrived from island: ferriage a dollar each. 5 Arrived at D.h. with Charles Fever returned at Even. 7 Do. Do 8 Took bark 9 No return. 10 Went to Sava: with Charles. ──────── 17 Schor. carried [blank] bales of cotton of T.D. town. 18 Went to town Charles, chair 3 horses 24 Returned with Family H.M. [and] C. in the Schooner. Will returned in the Chair, with 2. sadled horses. 25 Schooner sailed at midday from D.h. for Sava: for hoop poles for Jehosse. [and] clothing. 26 Mr. Wright [and] family at D.h. sold to Strobel 2. cows 4. steers at 3 1/2 27 Schor. at Sava: Went with Mr. W. to see Simos. Master Killed the hog kept since last winter in the pen by itself. Had slight fever at evening 29 Arrived with Charles at Jehosse. ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 14 Returned to D.h. to meet Commiss. of roads 16. went to town. called on Mr. Robin-son the 11.- Will, Emanuel [and] Jack brought from Isaac- 12 Ewe sheep. 12. Wedders

December 3 Schooner arrived after noon at Jehosse, with hoop poles, clothing- [and] 6 bales of cotton from Savannah. 4 Not having time to distribute the clothing left Jehosse with Charles [and] arrived at D.h. The Carpenters having repaired the Machines [and] Barns [and] erected an house in the garden, left Jehosse afternoon. 6 Carpenters arrived at D.h.- Carolina came the 3d. at even. to burn Lime. Joyner called in his way from muster. Says- Schor. came not to Sava. landing till near Sun--set 27th. [and] went Monday eveng. 29. Novr. for Jehosse. That Decr. 1. he sent to Carryls saw-gin 3025 lb stained cotton with seed, &lt;to&gt; at 1/10 toll. That the 6. bags sent by the Schor. is the last of the crop made 1801 except, that part sent to Carryls. That [blank] acres Deformé, yeilded 8 1/2 bags market cotton, good: but the Stained cotton, was from all the fields. Yesterday- Ewes began to Yean. 8 Walker, Stone cutter came at evening to put up two Marble chimney pieces in the Dining [and] Drg. rooms 11 Walker finished by mid-day

and, after dinner set off for Cedar grove.- 13 Schooner arrived at D. h. - early in the morning from Jehosse which she left the 6. with 20 bales of Cotton- viz 10. remnat of Jehosse crop made 1781. [and]] 4 of 1802 [and] 6 from Sava: -viz. 4. bales of 1800- [and] 2 bales 1801. - Rice. 34. barrels for market, [and] 1. for house. small rice 4. bushels. Rice flour 2. barrels. Hogs 6. Fowls 16 Eggs 13. doz:- Butter 4 1/4 lb 15 Schooner went to C-ton with 34. barrels rice, [and] 20. bales Cotton Went to town with Henrietta in the chair. 18 The woods on James island appear white with the snow fallen NB last night. 20 Schooner returned to D.h with domestic sundries. Returned with Henrietta [and] C. Smith To D.h. 22 Went with Charles to Savannah [and] delivered out clothing. 23 Waggon from Sava: brought Planes [blank] Hogs. [blank] barrel [blank] cotton seed for cattle 24 Killed an old fatted Cow. Sent 1/2 to negroes at Sava- kept 1/4 for house- [and] 1/4 for the Negroes. Killed the 23. the 2d. hog.

December Charlotte [and] family came 25 Gave a dinner [and] Ballet. 28 Henrietta [and] Charles went to C-ton to convey Miss Hamilton to D.h. C. Smith went also Tom, boatman came from Savannah. He says Driver [and] negroes not at work. [and] that the Overseer has been gone on my Mare since [blank] [and] not yet returned Sent him back for boat Sandy - [and] to order Seaboy to bring the Mare as soon as Overseer returns. 29 Henrietta [and] Charles return with miss Hamilton, [and] Arr. Smith, to D.h.- Quash &lt;Cimon [and]&gt; Toby [and] Cimon return to work at D.h. jobbing doors [and]ca. [and] brought the mare - the Overseer having returned Schooner sailed for Jehosse the 28. from D.h. Felt feverish at evening. 31 Mr. Man: [and] family returned to C-ton. A few days past, began to wear a new set of cotton shirts. See when begun the last Set

January 3 Had a fever last night. [and] been feverish for 3 or 4. evenings past with a spasmodic irritat-ing cough especially on going into bed. took Cort. perou:- Miss Hamilton returned to town, with Maria [and] Charles. 4 No return of Fever A slight attack of a Spasmodic colick near evening. 5 Colick ceased in the night- but remained in bed all day, from debility [and] choice 13 Went with Charles to Jehosse. Arrived at Mr. Peytons - but by the servants stupidity [and] lazyness did not get to Jehosse until after Nine. 14 Simpson, Mrs. Wyats negroe pedlar, came for his pedling canoe, rum cask, empty bags, liquor measures, tobacco, [and] Slops for trade [and]ca, taken by my overseer at Jehosse in my Canal. The examination [and}ca relative to this fellow, totally desabled me from proceeding in my own affairs. 15 Delivered clothing to the Ne-groes. It consumed 4. hours. which was much less than usual. Went to bed before sunset being feverish.

January 16 Continued in bed all day being feverish, having a cold pain in left ear, [and] sore throat. -All this, owing to getting so late in the night to Jehosse, by Wills mismanagement. 17 the Schooner sailed with a fair wind from Jehosse- with half a load of Shells- 8 bacon hogs. 1. barrel small rice. 6 barrels cotton seed, [and] 1. of chaff. Also 14. bales of cotton - viz: 8 from the high-land (being the last of its produce 12, see Decr. 13.) and 6 (being the first parcell) from the swamp. Feverish. 18 Day fair, [and] cold with N.W. wind [and] ice. Arrived at D.h in 4 1/2 hours half frozen. Evening, feverish, cold, pain in ear tho slight, [and] in throat 19 took 4 doses of bark- Feverish-ness increased in evening. attended with &lt;a&gt; convulsive expirations - but not to so great a degree as last night - which was quieted by 1. gr. tart. Emetic. 60 drops of laudanum [and] 4 spoonsfull of water. one spoonful to be taken occasionally. 20 took a Cathartic.

January 21 Returned to Parlour. but weak [and] the pains yet troublesome Joyner came, to learn to whom he is To leave the keys of the Plantation at Savannah. NB On the 3d. of 4. Will opened one barrel of seed rice 10.0.2. for the horses. 22 Opened another barrel of seed rice - 9.2.2. contained. Schooner arrived last night. having been detained by low tide at New cut, [and] Accabee all &lt;satu&gt; Friday the 21. 23 Tom Driver came from Savan-nah, with the keys of the Barns, immediately from Joyner; who he says seems to be neither Overseer nor Stranger. 24 Henrietta [and] Charles went to town in the chair. Schooner went to town with 14. bales of Cotton. Killed 4. of the last hogs from Jehosse:- 6 from Jehosse [and] 2 from Savannah, being already killed. 25 Schor. left town for Jehosse 30 Colic returned.

February 6 Schooner in town, evening, from Jehosse: with 60- barrels rice. 7 bales Cotton [blank] blades. 7 Opened a barrel of seed rice 10.2.2. after morning feed There are 4 barrels more remaining. 8 Henrietta M. [and] C. went to C-ton in chair 9 Will returned with chair 11 Went to Town in chair Feverish at night. 15 Cold, rainy, sleet, snow, evening [and] night. 16 Snow from [blank] To [blank] inches deep. Laid in bed all day - for, taking cold on the 11. I was frequently feverish afternoon [and] night, [and] threatened with dry cholic pains. 17 took 2 1/2 drachms of bark- 18 No complaints. 19 Schooner in town from Savannah with blades. She left town the 8. got there the [blank]. left it the [blank]. 20 Returned to D. hall with Charles, chair, 3 horses. 22 Fever. 23. Bark. 24. No return. 24 Charles went to town. Chair 3 horses 27 Do. returned with Hen: [and] Maria 28 Opened a barrel seed rice contents - 10.1.6.-

March 2 Killed the last of the bacon hogs 3 Spissegger came to tune the Pia: forte. Price for tuning a grand pia: for: [and]2.50. [and] for - horse loire [and]2.50- 4 Received a letter from Oversr. Jehosse via Savannah. He sent by Schooner 22 barrels of rice. [and] 6 bales of Cotton. 7 Williman transported from his place to my garden, between 20 [and] 30 new negroes on their way to his planta-tion at Rondeau. Went to Savannah. Deli--vered from thence 6 barrels of corn on Cob for D.h.- 9 Recd. from Sava: by Waggon 18 bushels neat corn. George says it measures by our bushel 20. NB Schooner left C-ton the 7.- arrived at Savannah 13. morning 13 Recd. from Sava: Letter from factors relative to the 4. 15 Fever at evening from obstruction of bile 16 Continued in bed 17 No complaint. Very yellow. 18 Opened a barrel seed rice. 9.2.5. 20 Toby cook told me the 14, That the people in Mellichamps Petti-auger told him, they saw in _____________________________________- Carps. left Sava: to repair trunks [and]ca at Jehosse

March town from Jehosse the Overseer Sam carpenter [and] Abraham: [and] Mr. Izards bricklayer Andrew saw Sam [and] Nella. Jack boat says Washingtons patroon told him he met the Overseer retur-ning to Jehosse with Sam [and] 3 more rowers. 22 ───────── 3 Cows [and] calves from Sava: 23 Went to C-ton with Maria in the Chair. 24 Canoe went to C-ton for Sun-dries. Legge bricklayer went 23 to D.h. to finish pointing the slates. He sent before him the [blank] negroes to prepare mortar [and]ca. 25 My turn to kill Veal 26 Returned with M. to D.h. Legge finished this forenoon, as he says. Lent him a horse to go to town - he is to return with the horse the 28. Canoe arrived after dark, with the Tin man, to Sodder the lead in the vallies. 28 Legg returned - some small amend-ments. He [and] Plumber finished their works by 2. p.m.- They walked to town after dinner 29 Went with Charles to Jehosse - Hoar frost 30 Do. greater. Dog wood blown 21. Chick Wills widow singing. Overseer says he heard the 24.-

April 1 Left Jehosse. Carried with me from thence, a bay geld--ing [blank] years old this spring and was broke to saddle last year 2 St. Andrews Parochial club agreed to meet every fort--night, from the 1st. Saturday in October to 3d. Saturday in June. NB. The days of killing Veal chang--ed to Wednesday. [and]- Lamb club to commence the 9 [and] kill every Saturday. The Mem-bers killing in the following rotation. Mesrs. Caborne, Freazer C Drayton - T. Drayton. ─────── 8 Church neglected to be aired; [and] has for some time. Had a a fever at night [and] sore throat [and] cold. 9 Cold [and] sore throat increased 10 Carpenter Quash brought a letter [and] 10 1/4 lb of butter from Je--hosse the 8. The Schooner left Savannah Satur-day evening with 10 bales fo ginned Cotton of the last crop: [and] 4 bales sawed do. of the crop preceeding.- Also wheel right stuff. [and] [blank] feather edge boards. _______ 5. Opened 1. barl. rice. 10.2.0.

April At evening the fever became more violent than usual.- The cold [and] soreness of throat, in-creasing. 11 Confined all day to bed. 12 Discharge of Mucoes [and] saliva much abated Expectoration. Returned to the Parlour No return of Fever. NB Shearing Sheep began the 7.- &lt;schooner - left Sava. at even--ing the 11&gt;. 13 Went to town with H. in the chair. 14 Schooner left town in the evening, with 300. bushels of corn for D.h. 15 Corn remeasured 294 bushels. 16 Returned to D.h. leaving Hen. in town. Cold N. wind. 18 Began to use the corn brought the 15 19 Went with Charles to Jehosse 22 Mr. Seabrook dined with me 23 Left Jehosse. dined with Mr. Lloyd. Arrived at D.h. 25 Opened the last barrel of seed rice; of the 20. brought from Jehosse, June 12. Carpenters came to Job at D.h. Fence, adjoining the Offices. [and] brought their Canoe. 27 Went to Sava:- Seaboy has ab-sconded since I was there last -viz: the 18. ______________________________________________________________ New moon 21. at 10.21 a.m. The tide suited well to go over with the horses at 9 a.m. this day, the 23.

May 10 Sent Carolina bricklayer to job at Mr. Ladsons. NB Sent from Sava: to D.h. 6 Cows 6. calves for market. Commeneemt. 11 Horses began this day to feed on mixed grains 3 pecks NB.dayly 2 parts of corn [and] 2. of Oats. Rice left. 2.2.5 Went with Henrietta to C-ton 12 Schooner arrived in town to get some new irons for her new NB rudder. Her careening [and] paying to the Wale finished yesterday by the carpenters in- two days. Sent 5. calves. 14 We returned to D.h. Schor. do. in the night 15 Went to Savanna. Carolina done no work since he re--turned from Freazers [and] Ladsons. NB -he being rum sick. Loss, 7 days. 16 Sent to work on the Ashley ri--ver road 6. Males [and] 1. F. 2 1/2 days 18 Went to Jehosse with Charles. 20 Returned the 3d. fit of a Terti--an fever in the evening. 21 Returned from Jeho: to D.h.- took a dose of bark. 23 No return of fever, having taken 4 doses yesterday. 27 Carpenters finished the post [and] rail fence, on a line with the offices:- [and] also a door, to be placed on the private Stair. Finished a.m.

May Carpenters getting Stuff for a rough Log bridge - Alpine bridge.- NB 23. Savanna, sent to D.h 6. cows [and] 6 calves. One for club [and] 5 for market 28 Pompey [and] Tim, brought dressed, a calf from Sava: that was killed by 3 negroes of Mr. Carrol yesterday 30 Sent Will with 5 Calves to town. [and] Toby carpenter - Began to prepare the Stuff for the Rustic bridge over the L. lake June 1 Will returned - with a bar--rel of Pease for Seed. Finished the rustic bridge 5 planks long [and] 2 do. broad. over the lower lake. 3 Went with family to Middle-ton place, [and] in the evening to Cedar grove. 5. Cows with 5. calves [and] a bull brought from Sava: to D. hall. Sent from D.h. to Sava: 4 milch cows. These, with one strayed from D.h. to Sava- [and] the one whose calf Carrols negroes killed make 6. milch cows at Sava for the use of the negroes.

June Chloe, afflicted with the Herpes nearly over her whole body, came yesterday to D.h. from Sava: 4 N. diet. 6 quarts 7 Returned with family to D.h. the rainy [and] suspicious weather having detained us. The waste way at the Poplar bridge filled up by 4 idle fellows in 2 1/2 days. 10 Bay filley of Chance Strangled last night. Altho the noose NB on the rope could not slip, yet as it was fasted to a Strong Stiff part of the branch of an oak in the night, instead of the yeilding extremity, she by repeated turnings had so twisted the rope swelled with rain, that it strangled her. 13 Lent my Schooner to Tom to carry his furniture to town. NB. Navigators. George, Sandy Peter.- Sent in her, Will, with 4. calves for Market. 14 My brother [and] family went to town for the Season. Oats on the edge of landing field begin to appear yellow.- 17 About 9 p.m. Schooner brought to the landing NB. Yesterday fore noon, finished the bridge over the West Lake [and]

June finished the post [and] rail fence from the bridge to the ha-ha fence this day. 18 Carpenters getting Stuff Brought my brothers Sein to D.h. Sandy [and] Peter returned to Sava at night - to remain. 20 Went to Sava: - very hot - close 21 Tolerably pleasant. Went in the after-noon to Mr. R. Smith at Stono to ren--der my travelling to Jehosse more pleasant by travelling at evening [and] morning. 22 Met my Jehosse overseer at Mrs. Fowkes, on his way to see me at D.h: he being in great perplexity from two Banks being NB malicioulsy cut - it being spring tide, so that Nrs. 5. 7. [and] 8 are under water: [and] the breach is so great in Nr. 8 that it will require 5 or 6 days labor to amend it. Landed on Jehosse 1/2 past X. a.M. Collected the fellows into the barn to move rice. Selected 5. fellows on suspicion, for seperate exami-nations. viz. crooked Tom. Frank. Nella. Hercules. Rente. They were chastized but no information was obtained: however what they got they merited, for their late willful tardiness in operations: for the wenches [and] inferior hands

June surpassed them 24 Yesterday morning athered together his blankets [and] provisions - [and] absconded.- Carried the other 4. Rogues into the barn for re-examination. Crooked Tom being ready to be chastized, thought it better to make a disclosure than encounter a reiterated punishment. He ac--cused Nella of cutting the banks, [and] brought testimony to give a clue. Nella denied, argued, [and] asseverated Strenuously. Correction began, [and] proceeded leisurely- but not allowing of time to in-vent falshoods, [and] the seasonable re-iteration of the rod, he con--fessed he did do so, to bring the Driver (to whom he was adverse) into troubles. It appeared during the exami-nations, That Philip, whom the Overseer T. Merchant discarded soon after he went there in 1800, was the inventor of this malicious practice, before he absconded from Jehosse; [and] previous to, [and] during the Har--vest &lt;cancelled&gt; the banks were frequently destroyed by him Philip, Bever Pompey [and] crooked Tom, while it was attributed to the tides alone. See Jehosse Diary, June 24.

June Left Jehosse at 6 p.m. - Laid at Mr. John Smiths, Toogodoo. 25 Went to St. A. parochial club- which should have been on the 11; [and], as the last for the Summer. Arrived at D.h. NB. 22 brought from Sava. 5. Cows 1. Heifer. 4. calves. 25. three calves delivered to Isa--ac - The butcher Chrisenberg refus-ing them as not fat enough for him. Sent by George. Henrietta brought from her cousin Hal. M. 1. box containing 5 plants. Dioncea Muscipula [and] another with 4. cuttings. of the ever blowing rose. 26 Hal. M. [and] family, [and]ca. dined at D.h. This the last day of the Veal club. 27 The carpenters went to Sava: to line timber for the Sawyers [and] to get shingles [and]ca.

July 2 From sitting in a Stream of hot air [and] near the door, felt feverish at Evening. 4 Moderate fever at Evening. 5 took 2 1/2 dractms red bark 7 No return. Jack says Schooner leaks 8 Sent Will to Sava: for the carpenters - who came 4 or 5. p.m. 12 appointed Seaboy driver vice Tom, at Savanna. Moderate NB fever in the night. 14 H. M. [and] Charles went to town in the chair Schooner sent to town for corn for Savanna. Carpenters at evening go to Sava: to collect lumber for D.h. - [and] carried with them 4. bushels corn for Sava. Sent by the Schooner for the carpenters to carry to Jehosse- 18 new axes. 2. pr. do. iron wedges 1. X cut saw. 18 flints .1 small keg powder. 1/2 quire paper. [and] Bob. 17 Toby, cook, reported, that last night when going to Savannah with little Bob, he was hailed by Mr. Ropers Cato, [and] fired at, as he supposed by Ropers overseer Trumbull: who has threatned my negroes that he would way--lay [and] kill some of them [and] no--body shall know who did it. The marks of the shot is visible on the tree. One horse broke loose, [and] cato, on another, went after it.

July 19 Cloudy, sultry. A clap of thunder rendered it sensibly a little cool- but a second near at hand, evidently put the atmosphere in motion; [and] a lively breeze arose [and] continued 15 or 20 mi--nutes before rain fell, [and] continued during the shower on the 17. H. M. [and] Charles returned in chair from NB Town in the morning. He had a fever that afternoon. 20 Schooner arrived at Savannah at evening with Corn. 130. bush: but 108 22 Schooner [and] carpenters left Sava:- the former for D.h- the latter, Jehosse, with a Boar, [and]ca 23 Drew the Sein. 25 No return of fever. Had been troubled with a Diarrhoea for 6 or 8 days past - [and] the 21 [and] 23 with a slight intermittent. - took bark 22. [and] 24.- 28 Sent George in Canoe to seek the Schooner. Schooner arrived at D.h. abot. 4 p.m. having been blown a--shore the 25. until this day.- Brought from Factor- Salt Sugar, oil [and]ca.

August 1.Stored in Garret, Madeira [and] Sicily wines. 3 H. M. [and] C. went to town. Chair. Self. went on board Schooner with Domestics [and]ca at 10. p.m to go for summer residence at Sullivans island. Set off under tow, at slack water. Met flood a little below Duck island:- at least anchored there about 2 in the morning. Slept on board comfortably [and] pleasantly. 4. Arrived at Gibbes wharf. 11. a.m. Dined at Mr. P. Smiths. At 7.15. went from Wharf in canoe to Schooner in Stream. At 8 got under way: reached the mouth of the Cove at Sulli-vans island at 9- Mr. Mani--gaults at 9.15. p.m.- 5 Will brought over 2. horses. 7 Went to C-ton for Henrietta 9 Returned with H. 12 Went to town- Returned. 16 Left Sul. Island for D.h. 17 At D.h. 3. p.m. Yesterday died the old Cat, Tom. He was brought to D. hall about ________________________________________________________ [+] Stored. Sherry 25. bottles. Madeira 18 bottles, marked M. Sicily. 12. bots. marked +. Porter 6. - Sec. 20. Corn. 28:2:5. tho 75. are necessary Rice 1 1/2 bushel. Potatoes 2 1/2 bushs. [//] Stored 2 doz: of Porter. P.S.

August January 22. 1784. He was about the size of a young female &lt;grown&gt; grown. A young cat may produce kittens at 1. Year old. they gestate 55 or 6 days, [and] litter about mid-may. Tom then might have been about 8 months old. He was therefore about 20 Years [and] 3. months old when he died. Now the longevity of animals is 6 or 7 times longer than the time of their growth. therefore, the gene--ral extent of a cat's life is about 7. years- [and] of man, 90, or 100. Jen--kins who lived to 165 years, did not live twice the age of Man- but Tom, lived thrice the age of Cat. 20 Left D.h. at 11. [and] 10 minutes. arriv-ed at S. bay. 2. [and] 20. do. Conveyed the carpenters to mouth of Wappo, on their way to Jehosse; to bring a Raft of timber to D.h. Stored at Sullivans island 3 barrels corn = 31. bushels. Rice 1/2 bushel. Potatoes 1. bushel. Wood 1/2 cord.- 23 Drizzly day. Unwell at Evening. 24 Conveyed in Schooner, Mr. Manigt. [and] family- [and] Henrietta [and] M.a. from the Point to Gaddesdens wharves in 55 minutes:- [and] immediately returned myself in 65. to the house in the cove. 25 Went with Charles to dine at Mr. Manigs. Conveyed Mrs. Izard [and] Miss. Patience to Town. At 5. p.m. went on board Schor. with my family Mrs. Izard [and] P. Head wind [and] tide. The Canoe

August broke her drag rope. When were on the point of re--covering her, Greens large Pack-et boat interveened [and] carried her of. She is commanded by Thos. Holloway. About 1/2 hour after, the Schor. making no progress we return-ed to town, [and] landed at 9. p.m. 26 At 9. a.m. resumed our Voyage with Henrietta's Pia: for:- At 11 a.m. head wind [and] tide [and] no progress, cast anchor between forts Johnson [and] Pinckney. where we dined. Arrived at the mouth of the cove [and] anchored at 1/2 past 6. Sun set. 27 Went with Charles to the Point to enquire concerning the canoe. Thos. Holloway who commanded Greens packet says, that a little after he took her in tow, her chain, &lt;whi&gt; part of which he delivered to me, snapped, [and] she drifted. that he could not re--cover her. That an officer [and] some soldiers on board who had been in quest of deserters, tho't at first it was the boat they carried off. He supposes she is on shore near fort Johnson. As he passes there this day he promises to try [and] discover.

September 3 Went to Fort Johnson, on infor-mation that my canoe was there. It was false. Between 5 [and] 8 p.m. Squally. Wind [and] tide against us. Took shelter in Ashley river near South bay market. About 12. mid-night reached mouth of cove at Sullivans island. 4 Landed near home about 9 a.m. Felt feverish at even, [and] night. 5 [and] 6. Indisposed 7 took bark Zÿss. 8 No return of fever. 11 Will arrived from D.h. with viands. He says carpenters arrived with Raft. River field only is Mowed. Garden grassy. three beds of cabbages transplanted. At Savannah began to harvest cotton with 4 hands- Aug. 27 Cotton in Deformé fine. well podded near the ground. Hoe--ing will be finished this week. Billy found out in robbing Mr. Man: closet of a jug rum [and] a bottle of claret. Chastised. 12 Billy absconded last night taking with him shirts- a new Jacket [and] overall of cord du[-]roy thickset . [and] white vest [and] long blue coat.

September 15 George came with Billy from D. hall. Billy says, he went there to try to raise among his friends money, or truckables, to replace the pillages from Mr. Manigts. Store closet. that failing there--in, he sold his watch, [and] brought with him a jug [and] 2 small case bottles of brandy, which cost him 5 [dollars]. which he obtained for his watch. George suspected he came to try my Bearercase, [and] make off. Billy desires to be put to a trade, or hired out:- he offers to pay 300 [dollars]. pr. annum [and] to supply himself with food, clo-thes, [and] lodging. How? I can get 7/ a day by tayloring: can cook turtle soup, [and] turn calves head into do.- can attend at entertainments: can get 20 [dollars] for a job occasionally. can drive coach [and]ca [and]ca. Had no thoughts of leaving master [and] friends, or might go to Georgia Augustine [and]ca. But, putting it in his power to do badly he may fail [and] payments, [and] abscond totally . for he is nearly as artful as sensible. George thinks as I do, that he would make an excel-lent Driver, as his father Jack.

September George says, the carpenters arrived withe the Raft from Jehosse, Saturday night the 27. August. - See aug. 20. 19 Departed from Sul: for D.h:- Stopped at town. About 9 or 10 at night, 4 white men took. away Mrs. Z. Yawl which I had Willimans wharf- so his warfinger, Smart, says. 21 Feverish. 23 Fever. commencing about Noon. 24 Rainy windy- Taking bark. 25 No return of fever. 27 Maria [and] Charles came from the island to see me in Town. 28 Toby, from whose negligence the yawl was stolen, has no ap--peared since 19. Returned with M. [and] C. to Island. 29 Schooner left Island with Jack and Hercules, to proceed to D.h. 30 Toby came to Island. October 5 Went to town. Chesnuts Order on Mcbeth Henry [and] Co. presented, [and] Accepted.- 7 Returned at evening to S. Island. 10 Schooner, careened, returned to Sullivan island with Jack and Sandy vice Hercules. Brought with Will 3. calves. 14 Went in Schor. to town Bank S.C. loan 15 Returned to Sullivan Island Mrs. Izards Yawl recovered.

November 12 took bark 13 No fever 14 Sent Charles to D. hall to enquire of the Schooner- [and] operations at Savannah [and] D.h. Schooner arrived in town, about an hour after Charles left it, with lumber from Savannah. -shingles [and] boards. 17 Charles returned to Town 19 Schooner left town, with sundry Stores for house: [and] arrived at D.h. Maria [and] Charles returned to D.h. in chair. 20 Chair returned, by Will, to town 22 Returned to D. hall with Henta. Killed one of the two shoats, brought from Savannah the 18. 23 Schooner left D.h. in the even--ing, for Savannah. 24 Went to Savannah. Crop very seanly appearance. Delivered to Driver 6. bags for packing cot--ton. NB. the 16, Charles sent 9 bags for the Gins. 25 Finished sowing Oats in the garden lawn. Received a bacon hog from Sava:- Schooner arrived this morning at Savannah. 28 Schooner left Savannah for Jehosse, with a large jar, 1. piece of cotton bagging 55. yd. Stuff for Machines- 1000. hoop poles. and the carpenters. Killed the first bacon hog, from Savannah.-

December NB On the 14 Novr. subsequent to my fever, appeared a white spot &lt;on&gt; emerging on the upper part of the nail of the 3d. fing-er. Observe what length of time will carry it to the end of the nail. NB. It occurred Apr: 29 As a sequent to that fever- had a rheumatic pain extend--ing over the left cheek [and] eye brow. It came on daily about 10 a.m. was relieved by eating at dinner - [and] went off in the evening. 2 Feverish at Evening 3 &lt;Took bark&gt; 4 Fever. &lt;the doses bark by mis--take were too small&gt; 5 Sawed a wine cask into two [and] fed 2. cows in them with cotton seed [and] pease haulins soaked in hot water overnight. -They now give 4 pints, being milked only in the morning: &lt;6&gt; before they were fed they gave less than 2. pints. Took bark. 6 Fever returned. The doses of bark having been too small by mistake 7 No return of Fever: nor of the rheumatic pains. 8 Schooner at Stono, from Jeho: to proceed to Savanna. 10 Schor. left Sava: for D.H.- 13 Went to town with H. in chair Schooner arrived in town the 12 and waited for me 15 Schooner delivered to Factor

1804. January 1 Billy of Iaira, Molls daugh--ter delivered of a Girl. May it be a Harbinger of Prosperity. Dined in gala at T.D. 2 &lt;Killed two large, [and] one middling, bacon hogs.&gt; 2 Dinner [and] Ballet, at D.h. 3 Killed two large, [and] one mid--ling, bacon hogs. 5 Dined in gala at Bulls. He is about to make bricks for sale. One table will re--quire, to prepare materials, make &lt;[and] s&gt; the bricks [and]ca, [and] to supply the 500.000 bricks with 50. cords of wood, 17. or 18. Men, weomen [and] children. The brick maker, who is from New York, says that 3 or 4 days after the clay is dug [and] heaped up, it may be put into the tramp--ling-pit [and] made into bricks: and thus the preparing clay [and] the moulding [and] burning of bricks may carried on through the summer. The slight frosts in S. Carolina is of very little benefit in mouldering the clay that is then dug up. 6 Mr. Manigault [and] family left D. hall. Schooner, ditto. with 1. barrel tar. [illegible] [and]ca as by Factor Accot.

January 12 Schooner arrived at Ran--towles bridge. The tides at Wappoo creek having been so low by the westerly winds that she was unable to pass. 13 Schooner took in her pump, Quash [and] tyra, [and] proceeded to Jehosse. 15 Had slight fever last night from being out too late in the evening. Also a slight pain in the right cheek [and] eye brow. 16 Sent Will to town on horse to Mr. t. Parker: [and] for N. papers [and] medicine. 17 Will returned 25 Agreed with John Worrell to Subintend, or Oversee, at NB. Long. savanna. He is to have £25. pr. An: [and] two PCent on sales of Crop. to have a cook- Diet of pork [and] corn, as is suf--ficient. No perquisites. He is to enter in office Jany 31.- 26 Went with Charles to Jehosse 27 Delivered clothing. NB Schooner at Jehosse the 16. w [illegible] last Do Sailed from Jehosse with 40 barrels of rice 7. of which of last year crop- for Sale. 1. bar-rel of small do.- 5:3 pecks of whole rice. 6 bacon hogs- 10 fowls. 15. doz. 10 eggs, for house. 3 barrels rice flower, chaff, tallow. 4 Sives, to be returned- [and] a lock [and] 1. pr. hinges. [and] Quash. NB 23. Toby came to mend waggon wheels [and]ca. Returned to Sav: 28-

&lt;illegible&gt; milled 7 10. Will says the schooner arrived in town &lt;illegible&gt; the 15. with supply barrels of rice from Joho. it could not unload till Monday the 17. She returned imme -diately after unloading to Johosse. 24. My horses eat of lately daily 22. &lt;illegible&gt; including the 24 they had eaten 12.1.0.- Mr. M. had 5 horses &lt;illegible&gt; dayly. - So that by the 28. the oats were finished: an at night began to feed honey on corn.

January 28 The Overseer Freer's time ex--pired yesterday. I offered him the same as before: see Jan 25. 1802. But altho he has made two crops, bad, [and] worse, he requires more wages. Came to no agreement. 29 Wrote to Mr. Price, from some shuffling in Freers conversation yesterday. Mr. P. in answer scouts Freer. 30 Freer went, padling himself, to Mr. Prices in his Canoe. When he returned, he was content to accept my offer, the next day. NB Altho he has been to me, worth-less [and] unprofitable, yet I am under a Necessity to continue him - at least until all the crops are planted. For he is acquainted with the disposition of the negroes - the land - my plan [and] manner of operations- the procurement of cotton [and] potatoe seed (as my provisions are but scanty)- [and] therefore, to have these accomplished in due season, will require the presence of an Overseer or my--self to get a good Overseer immediately, I cannot expect; [and] to reside there myself, is incompatable with my other business. NB his Knaveries [and] trangressions to be brought into account at final settlement.

February 1 Left Jehosse: returned to D.h. Two lambs Yeaned. These are the first of the Season. Hither to have always commenced the last week in Decr. or first week in January NB The Schooner arrived at D.h the 30. Deposited the cargo for D.h. [and] departed for C-ton 31. 2 Exeter [and] Emanuel returned with the canoe, Hippopotamus, which was lost Aug: 25. [and] found by Mr. Ladsons Trim. 4. Schooner at Pratilla. 5. Schooner at Rantowles bridge. 7. Do. took in her load of trunk- planks, [and] departed for Jehosse. before Overseer returned, who came this day to D.h. The carpenters came in the evening for their canoe, to go to Jehosse. [and] went next morning. NB Weighed 2. hogs, of the last from Jehosse. 201 lb Nt. [and] 164 Nt. NB Being on the 3d. indisposed with a Catarrte- [and] on the 4 [and] 5. with Spasmod affections of the ab--domen, I remained in my cham-ber till this day. But feeling indisposed about 12. I returned. See Case book. On the 14 I was so well as to dine with family. 8 Sent Will in the afternoon for Dr. Barron 9 Dr. B. came about sun set. I was so well, that he neither did, nor prescribed, any thing 10 Dr. B. returned.

February 11 Sent Exeter [and] Hercules with the waggon to Savannah for blades. Returned in Evening 13 Will went to town in Mr. Z. canoe for sundries. Killed the 3d hog from Jehosse: See Diary, Novr. 28. [and] Decr. 19. 14 Dined in parlour with family. 17 Killed two more 4 bacon hogs.Jeho It is said that a live hog weighs 1/5 more when alive than when killed [and] cleaned for the Shambles. To ascertain the proportion, I weighed one of the above hogs alive.... 248 lb when scalded.. 237 When cleaned.. 204. Neat. this however weighed 28 lb more than 4/5.- 19 Mrs. T.M. groom Jack, now first, driver at Chehaw a new setled place with 24. hands - says he planted 95. acres Cotton- has ginned 45. bags:- has much cotton in Store to com-plete 2 1/2 bags each hand- He now gathers dayly, two baskets of Cotton. H.M. [and] Charles went to town, Chair Schooner arrived in C-ton. 20 Charles returned 21 Charles [and] myself went to town in the chair. Billy attendant. 24 Charles [and] self returned in Chair Schooner having delivered to Factor 47 barls. rice [and] 9 bales Cotton, the

March. [and] Salt, medicines, lock [and] hinges for the inner corn room. Fl. sives Negroes returned to the road. 6. males. 1. female. 7 Killed the Sow sent from Sava: Sent Decr. 19. This is the last of the bacon hogs killed for this Season -Total 14. viz: 8 from Savannah; of which, 4 were of midling size: [and] 6 from Jehosse, full sized. See 16. 9 Went To Jehosse with Charles- also Billy [and] Jack.- Mr. Peyton says, that his tide land field, planted 3 or 4 last years in cotton, yeilded last year in rice, 1500 bushels for sale:- which NB. he sold to Mr. Shubrick for 5/ pr. bushel, taken at his landing. He says the field is about 30 acres- Freer his late Over--seer says 32. Product 75. brls cleaned rice, or 2 1/2 each acre. -the market price then, 5 [dollar]. PC. NB The above to be introduced, when setling with Freer, oversr. at Jehosse.- 10 Potatoes as diet, will hold us out the next week - to the 16 or 17. New trunks- put into Nr. 4- [and] putting into Nr. &lt;4 5&gt; 6.- Carpenters not half done the 3d. for Nr. 5.- 13 Returned to D.h.- 14 Charles went to C-ton 15 A Cow [and] calf brought from Savannah NB 16 Killed, club Veal. Henrietta Maria [and] Charles re- -turned to D.h. continued

March Killed the sow from Savannah- see March 7. a barrow from Jehosse was then killed. Total from Jehosse [and] Savannah 14. 17 [and] 18. much rain. &lt;cancelled&gt; clearing after noon. Stable at Sava: blown down the 17. 19 Fair, pleasant 20 Hoar frost. Ice. fair. First appearance of Swallows - 4 or. 5- 21 First appearance of Butter flies -black - yellow. Remark, if frost recurrs. It dids. on 24. 22 Carpenters returned from Jehos-se to Savannah, last night. NB Jehosse overseer found the Schr. at Peters cut, the 14.- sent her to Fenwicks island for cotton seed the 15. [and] had not returned the 20. -The Jehosse canoe is returned, and much damaged, to Jehosse. 23 Mr. M. [and] family, came. 26 Mr. M. went - but not family 27 Went with Charles to Jehosse. Putting down the 3d. new trunk- in Nr. 5. Overseer went in the Schor. To Fen--wichs island on a party of plea--sure, with Mr. P. blacksmith [and] a woman. they returned to the back landing in the canoe the 18. NB. Excuse, passable. 28 Began at Jehosse, to plant Corn. 29 Do. rice - Chuck wills widow, sang 28. Examined Overseers bacon house. NB. Out of 5. bacon hogs killed in the first week in February, weigh[-]ing as he says, 768 lb neat, there remains 7. hams [and] gammons- [and] the remnants of 2.- 8 Flitches. 1. head. the hogs weighed 160. 140. 142. 156. 170.- She says 2. hams 1. Gam. lent to Peys. Smith 31 Left Billy at Jehosse as a learn-ing Driver. Returned to D.h.- Dog-wood, blown. Azala. b.

April 2 The reverend Mr. Mathews ad--mitted into the vacancy in the veal club: he is to kill after Mrs. Freaser: he is to kill the 6. Schooner at Savannah. She ard. at D.h. 29. She left Jehosse the 24. with 34 barrels of rice - the last of the crop. 1. do. small 1. do. flowr. [and] part of a bag of cotton not moated. Delivering her load in town, she &lt;went to Savannah&gt; arrived at D.h. 29. [and] left D.h. 31. for Savannah 3 Went to Savannah. 4 Schooner left Sava: with eleven bales of cotton [and] Lumber for D.h NB. 7 Do. at D.h. at midday. My Club 8 Went to C-ton Dina with her two children taken up [and] sent by Mr. Prior [and] sent to D.h. 10 Returned to D.h. 11 A memorandum to the 3. boat negroes [and] to Dinah Sent Sandy with a new garden spade, at even, to Sava: [and] to remain. 12 Dinah Absconded with her 2 children. Nella. Went with Charles to Jehosse. 13 Planting not so forward as it ought to be: but 126 acres plan--ted, of 283. Overseer keeps too much com--pany at home- is to much abroad - neglects orders- too de--ficient in truth, [and] honesty- neighbours testify against him 14 H [and] M. went to Goosecreek.

April 14 Carpenters arrived last night with the canoe of Jehosse. they left Savannah 16 Visited, [and] lay at Mr. Seabrooks with Charles 16 Returned. 4. Brands, swimming in Nr. 8 adjoining the field the people were working in. The overseer shot one of the females. They are a species of Geese but smal-ler: both sexes are pure white - the quill feathers tipped black. They are good eating- Mr. Seabrooks cotton emerging here [and] there. [and] here [and] there a row visible as you ride, 3 or 4 yards long 19 Account cattle at Jehosse - branded [and] marked Yearlings [and] upwards- 2. Bulls. 25 Cows. 10 Calves. 15 Yearlings . 9 of 2 Y.- 6. of 3 Y. 30. Oxen. - total 96. Lost 4. cows from last fall until now. 21 Left Jehosse. About 12 miles from Wilton, overtaken by a storm of Thunder rain [and] hail. - The quantity of rain fallen last night [and] this day is very great: all the water courses are full or overflowing. see May 4. 22 H [and] M returned from Goosecreek. 23 Went to Savannah. 26 Went with Charles to Jehosse. 29 the imperfect part of a finger nail came off. See Decr.. Diary 1803.- 30 An African lad strayed in. cannot speak English.

May the temperature of the last month was mostly cold, hazy, cloudy, raw damp or wet: so it is generally observed that the Spring of vegetation is very tar--dy. The Seasons may properly be said to be Wet, from [and] including July, To this time. 2 the crop at Jehosse, its planting finished. 3 Began hoeing at Jehosse. Mr. Seabrook tells one that Mr. Jenkins &lt;applied to him on the 1st. to enter his service&gt; told him, that on the 1st., my overseer ap--plied to him for a place - but Mr. J. declined. 4 Left Jehosse with Charles, and returned to D.h. Dwarf rose full blown of flowers .Only 1. opening the 21. April. NB My young horse Commerce, com--menced as a Stud. NB. 5 The first drawing of the Seine NB. Lamb club commenced with Mr. Rose, Caborne, Mathews. [and] self, on Thursday April 26. That is the Order. Isaac to take my calves at $10.0 Mr. M. [and] Charlotte [and] family came at evening. 6 Oats spreading forth its Ears 7 Met the Committe of the Road com--missioners, to receive the assess--ments for Hoopers bridge. My return was 17. Peggie from the field, to assist affy in the house. Phillis, a labourer, laid in.

May Mr. Manigault went to Town 10 Do. returned NB. State of cattle, at D.h. 5 Cows. 1. calves. 3. Yearlings 1. Oxen. 2. Bulls. See Mar. 15 11 Brought from Savannah 5 cows NB. with 5. calves: but returned 1. cow [and] 1. calf being unfit for market. NB. Carolina absconded from Sava April [blank]. [and] his son Peter 20. and Bever the 24. 12 State of Cattle at Savannah. 53. Yearlings [and] Upwards 16. sucking young calves 8. Oxen belonging to D.h. NB. In the pigeon house- 7. pr. very young in the nests.- 7 Nests with eggs. On middle of February, not young or eggs. In 4th. week March, a few eggs. In May 2d. week, as above. Thus it appears, the notion of pigeons laying or hatching eve--ry Month but one, is Erroneous. No fire since the 4th. NB. Carpenters 10th. came from Je-hosse in canoe to D.h. yesterday even: 6. [and] came about ten a.m. [and] put the Scho--ner on the land to repair calking, cieling [and]ca No tar. 13 Mr. Manigault [and] family re--turned to Goose creek. 16 Schooner went to C-ton at evening. Canoe do. with 3 Calves. NB. These are the first that are sent to the Market. See, 5th. [and] 25- Magnolia flowers opening.

May 17 Went to Town. 19 Canoe returned to D.h. with sun--dries- 2. barrels of corn, equal to 18 bushels but charged. 20 1/2 Groceries, [and]ca NB Schooner left town with 310. bushels of corn. [blank] shot [blank] gun powder for Jehosse. NB. but 277- bushels were rec. See July 3- Returned To D.h.- NB. Began to feed on the new bought corn. began to feed on do. 1. plough horse NB the negroes dieted on pease from the [blank] to the [blank]. 1. plough horse from 17. p.m. to 19. 20 Oxen from Savannah, 8. 22 Went with Charles to Jehosse. 24 tomorrow evening, the first hoeg. will be finished - except, Nr. 7. which being now clean [and] under water will be postponed for some days. The field intended for corn is now to be prepared. Laid at Mr. Peytons. 25 Started on journey a little after sun rise. say. 10 past 5. [and] arrived at D.h. at about 20. min. after 10. A.M. 5.10 Min Sent last night 5 calves to C-Ton. brought. 23d. 26 Went with family to Mr. Mani--gaults at Goose Creek - via, Simmons. 29 Visited the Botanic garden. Pincknea, both Kalmia's, rhododendron a vine on 2d fence between 1. [and] 2. garden S.W. small flower, buff outside [and] purple within, leaf glabrous. An--dromeda panisulata: flower white- leaf, oval, notched, hoary beneath - all in blow. continued.

May 30 Returned with family to D.h. by Simmon's. Strawberries all gone but 2 or 3 here [and] there. the last we had at table was the 25. [and] perhaps might have had the 27 or 28. As the first gathering was on 27 April, they may be said To continue a Month yeilding fruit, &lt;altho&gt; from the same beds.- altho some may have them a week sooner, as Mr. Pringle had, - while others a week later. Thus the Season NB may continue 6 weeks - but see June 17. NB. 23. while at Jehosse, the Overseer sent from Sava: to D.h. 5. Cows, [and] 5. calves - (See. 25.) a Mare [and] colt. 19. The carpenters went at evening to work at Savannah, to erect Stable, Stock a plough [and] jobbing . they came to D.h. from Jehosse the 11. See 12. 16 Philip came from Sava: on account of the soreness of his leg. 31 Began to sheer Sheep. Late! Cattle at D.h. Cows 14.- 1. calf. 3 Yearlings. 9 Oxen - 2 bulls.- Total. 29. Sheep. Grown 27.- Lambs 19.

June 1 Schooner left Jeho 26. returned from Je--hosse to D.h. with 2. bushs. clean rice. 10 do. seed. She called on Factors, for Corn to bring - but they forget their orders. 2 .2d. drawing of Sein. One trout measured more than 24 inches in length, [and] 16 round 3 Mary, &lt;Tobys&gt; wife of Savannah Toby, delivered the 1. of a girl the 2d. of a &lt;girl&gt; boy. 4 Went to Savannah. Delivered 10. barrels of corn on cob. 6 Went with family [and] dined at M. Place. hot: close. Thermr. 91. was higher yesterday &lt;tho ...&gt; yet pleasant in shade. NB Sheep shearing finished. Late 1 7 The first gathering from the 3d sown pease, tho fit before. NB this, the 4. 5. [and] 6. Sowings pease are drying at the roots. they first dry there. Sent from Sava: yesterday to D.h. 5. cows. 5. calves. 4 pigs. Sent to Sava: a plough mare 1. lame [and] Straw collar. 1. single &lt;a&gt; swingle tree iron rings - [and] 1. pr. chain traces. 8 Sent 5. calves to town. 3d. 9 Canoe returned with two barrels of Corn. Factor says 20. bushels. [and] 2. barls. Tar Destributed at night, allow-ance for next week, from it

June 11 Carpenters came from Sava to D.h. to erect Barn, negroe -houses [and]ca. Careen [and] pay Schor.- 12 the large green chickesaw plumbs ripe. the common sort at table June 1.- Schor. payed NB. the 4. 3. 5. 6. 7. very hot. until the Rain falling cooled the Earth. 17 Dined at T.D. Has Strawberries yet in tolerable plenty. NB Says it is, because the beds were planted in February. 18 Chloe came from Savannah on account of uneasiness from the return of disorder she had last year. Herpes. 21 Sava: overseer brought Di--nah from Jacksonburg. She has NB. been absent since Apt. 12. Jail fees on her Acct.. 23 3. drawing of Sein. Caught but few [and] small, the water being too deep by a great rain in the forenoon. NB. Corn distributed - the Bin re--quires repenishing - Account of the expenditure of last 40 bushels is just .. See. 9. [and] May 19. 27 Sent the Schooner to town for Corn. NB the 11 [and] 12. payed the Schooner the 18. Carpenters began to pre-pare the timbers for construct--ing the new range of negroe--houses at D.h.

June Will, driver, came from Jehosse NB. -Mary cook sent by Overseer to gather Whortle berries was bitten on the ancle by a snake. She could get no farther than white oak hill - from thence carried home [and] died 29 Sent the carpenters by water from D.h. to Jehosse, purposely to rectify trunk in Nr. 6. [and] to carry 25 lb gunpowder [and] 75 lb shot. 30 Went, [and] arrived at Jehosse about eleven a.m. Left D.h 10 min before 5.- at Mr. Peytons 40. min before 10.- [and] Stopped on road 5. min. -total 4 hours 47. minutes by time piece Discovered on the sides of the road, near Mellichamps, several plants of the Kalmia hirsuta, in full blow. that represented by Curtis in colours, the flower is a pale bloom or blush: The flower of this is white with pur-ple spots, [and] the leaves of the plant seem to be considerably smaller. Driving about 7 minutes, or 3/4 of mile nearer to Willton, it is to be found in greater abund--ance for near about a mile. NB Overseer says Mary cook asked him yesterday week to pick whortle berries she went the day after viz Saturday 23. She was bitten by a snake on the ankle: could walk no farther than white oak island - fell - was brought home [and] died in less than 2. hours after bitten. In truth Overseer sent her. Two tales, of this

July 1 Very hot. Carpenters came last night 2 Fields in good condition - except corn a little grassy - Rice Nr. 6. the edge by the river [and] contiguous to Nr. 7. very grassy. Nr. 5. &lt;cancelled&gt; a little so. Nr. 2 [and] 1. but little so.- Cotton. Nr. 9. clean good tho not tall yet the plants have 4. 5. or 6 pods. the nook part is bad, grassy, [and] wet. Laid at Mr. Peytons. 3 Started 10 M. before 5. Stoppages on road about 10. M.- arrived at D.h. 10. M. before 10. NB. Schooner returned to D.h the 30. with 137. 1/2 bushels of Corn, of 140. bought, This is more fairly measured than the 310 bought for Jehosse May [blank]: for the overseer at Jehosse received but 277. bush--els. I saw part measured by the seller: the bushel, or I believe 1/2 NB. bushel, was &lt;cancelled&gt; filled in the hold, yet when placed on the deck, tho lightly, it so settled, that the measure required 2 or 3 pints to fill it 6 Mr. Mant. [and] family came Carpenters, [and] Sam, arrived mid--day from Jehosse which they left July 4. at evening. with some butter, [and] the remnant of seed rice, viz 2 1/4 bushels. 7 Mr. Mant. [and] family went, [and] Maria with them.

July 8 Henrietta. complained of pains in her bones [and] skin. had fever. it went off about .7. took bark. NB. On the 1. I was seized with a Corysa in the nose. On the 6. it ceased. On the 6. two fingers burned with gunpowder. Skin not broken. Steeped them in brandy -diminished the pain greatly. 9 Skin broke - discharged a thin pus. 10 Went with Henrietta to town in the Schooner. H. no return of fever. 12 Received an Order from Mr.. Ches--nut, on Accot. of Mesrs. Peak [and] Adams- [dollar sign]1300. [and] delivered To Mr. Chesnut NB. Their titles for my land on the Waterree: Mr. C. delivering an obligatory Memorandum for the final payment when due in 1705.- 13 Schooner arrived at D.h. with 1. hogshead of Claret 14 Charles came to town in the Chair at evening. Delivered Chesnuts order, for [dollar sign]1200.- yester-day (To Mesrs. Macbeth [and] Henry) on accot. of Gakie to Ed. Croft. 15 The burnt skin began to peal from the fingers . See 8. NB. 17 Delivered to P.S. [dollar sign]50. as my portion for lawyer Dessaussure for Estate of H.M. Also [dollar sign]100. to purchase Wines from Mr. Clure. See Cask book July-

July 18 Returned with Charles in chair to D.h. 19 Peter returned - I believe sent by his father to sound. See May 11. 20 Sent Jack [and] Toby to Millbrook for my yawl carried off by runaways (Cattles, it is said.) on the 11.- They brought it. 21 Raised the frame of Barracks [and] fixed the Rafters. Totally NB My brother [and]. S. departed to Rhode Island the 19. 30 &lt;Charles went to town in the chair, for his Sisters&gt; 27 Recd. from Sava:- 4 Cows, with NB. 4 bull calves for sale- 1. Yearl--ling H. 1 do. Steer. 28 Sent 4 calves to town. this is the 4th. parcel. Total 17.-Diana laid in. 30 Charles went to town in the chair, for his Sisters. NB. Canoe Hippopotamos mea--sures 23f.3. by 4.1.- A large star with 5 points, cut&lt;s&gt; into the Stern within.

August 1 Henrietta [and] Maria returned with Charles to D.h. NB. Drew off a hogshead of Claret. It contained 21 dozen [and] 6 or 8 bottles. [and] 3. with grounds. say 22. doz. 3 Received a Ram on loan from my brothers plantation 4 Drew the Sein. 4. time. See Jun. 23. 6 two of the labourers tene--ments being walled [and] roofed, tho not divided, - begun to take down the Loom. house. Indisposed - Met Coms. of Roads Corn gathered in Shuck, may be Stored some weeks sooner than when freed from Shuck. It ab--sorbs moisture from Corn- [and] preserves it from external moist-ures 7 Had fever last night. Got up late. took only 1. dose bark- fell indisposed- 8 Fever last night, slighter. took 5. doses bark - Evening, indisposed 9 took. 1 dose bark.- 10 No return of Fever. 4th. Sein. 12 Accounts of Carolina [and] Bever encamped Mr. Mid. cotton field. 13 At evening, Carolina and Bever came in. See May 11. Mrs. Izard [and] family, [and] a Mid--dleton, sailed in Mr. Neil for London, the 10.

August 14 Schooner; careened, but not payed. 18 Began to lay the brick founda--tion of the Barn: 4 courses.- that of the old one was. 7. viz: 4 below [and] 3 above ground.- 21 Will driver from Jehosse. Harvest. ready for Rice [and] Cotton next week: Carolina finished the founda-tion of the Barn. 22 Do. began to underpin Barracks Canoe went with Driver Will to town for sundry Shot, coopers tools, for Jehosse 23 Very hot. 24 Will driver returned To Jehosse on horseback at evening Carpenters at evening left D.h for Jehosse, with Sam. 25 Carolina finished underpinning. 26 .NB. 23. 4. 5. very hot close days. the rains on the 23. [and] 4. rendered this day very pleasant 28 Fever afternoon Felt indisposed yesterday a little. Cause evident sitting in a Stream of air altho in the middle of the Hall. Philip began yesterday to make baskets. - having packed 6. bags of cotton with Seed. 29 .took bark. being rather late in the garden in evening, the fever returned lightly 30 took bark. 4. doses 31.do. 1. dose. No return of fever. + carried a hat for overseer Tracy - also sugar [and]ca from Factor.

September 1. Mrs. T.M. at D.h. 3 Went to C-ton in Chair. Schooner went to Town with 11. bags of cotton, of Savanna- ginned= 2384 lb. from 197. to 236 Also 6. bags of seed cotton D.h = 2602 from 417 to 440 lb. She went at evening ebb- Philip [and] Caro--lina under Jack.- 4 Delivered two notes for [dollar sign]800. each to Factor to negotiate at bank one for this week the other for the next. 7 Factor says they are accepted. [dollar sign] At or near sun set, sun clear, set in a bank of clouds. After sun set sky very red. 8 A great Storm: it commenced NB. last night [and] continued until 9 p.m. violent: about 12 at night it had nearly ceased. The water is said to have risen 2. feet higher than &lt;it&gt; in the Storm Oct 4. 1800. the damage done to the wharves vessels [and] crops are said to be very great. 9 11 Will cooper, with a letter from Jehosse. Salt water over the tops of all the marshes as far as could be seen. 12 Returned to D.h. Carolina came from Schooner. He says her main mast is broke that she is in the marsh [blank] distance that assistance is wanted to dig a passage way.

September The hurricane waters were over Poultry island - [and] near to the top of the bank of the upper lake. also over Long island. Sue laid in the 6. The waters were over the banks of Deformé at Savannah about. [blank] 16 Will, driver from Jehosse came; being sent for to give a better information than Overseer gave - [and] brought a letter from the Overseer. Wills account, noted thereon. Toby, cook, sent to assist Schor:- NB Waggon sent from D.h. to Sava to harvest corn. 14. 5 fellows sent from Sava: to harvest rice at Jehosse. 21 Spring tides. very high. co--vered the low ground by the Poplar bridge - [and] was 16 inch-es above the highest part of the lower bank of the low--er lake at D.h. but not over long island. Rainy day 22 Waters as high as Yesterday. Day rainy - morning windy - Atmos--phere like a warm vapour - but within the house, cold. 24 Exeter came from Schooner. She is now &lt;in the river&gt; brought into the river - but soon after, a plank below the water, Started. He says that yesterday, Sunday morning, the Canoe carrying

him to land, overset; but luckily, being near the shore none were lost. He about that time saw three canoes overset a Lye [and] all perished but a Mr. Jenkins of Edisto. 2 of the canoes carried 7 Oars each. In the morning there was much wind [and] the water very rough. 25 Exeter returned with money to buy provisions, [and] a letter to Rivers, ship carpenter. 26 Waggon returned from har--vesting corn at Savannah. the produce very defective. NB 2 Shoats penned the 21. to fatten Borrowed 3 bushels of Corn of T.D. -See also Octor. 1.

October 1 Borrowed 3 bushels of corn of T.D. 2 Exeter returned from Schooner to D.h. Harvest of corn began at D.h. 3 Went to C-ton. chair. to be in-formed relative to Schooner. 6 Returned to D.h. 7 Fellows went from Savannah to assist harvest at Jehosse returned to Savannah at 2 10 2d. cutting of Hay began at D.h. in River field - Finished the 15. Had Fire in the morning: [and] every morning to [and] including the 14. Carps. left Jeho:- morning. 13 Began to use the root potatoes NB for diet . 15 rows of a task in length only produced 1. bushes. - Rogues. 16 Went to town, Chair, with Maria. 17 Fever at evening. 18 Feverish. to bed at 2 p.m. 19 took bark. 20 No return of fever. 23 Paid Rivers in part for repair-ing Schooner. from 12. to 20 inclusive 24 Returned to D.h. Schor. left town to re-load the bricks Canoe left town with Exer. [and] Emanl. NB Began to raise the barn at D.h. the 18.- On the 20 Toby carpenter fell from high, and was greatly cripled [and] bruised. so as to be incapable to walk. 26 Exeter sent to Schooner to aid Jack [and] Carolina to re-load bricks. 22 T.D. canoe sent to C-ton with hay [and] oats for me - with Toby cook [and] Emanuel, [and] Exeter.

him to land &lt;illegible&gt;; but luckily, being near the shore none were lost. He about that time saw three canoes overset [and] all perished but a Mr. Jenkins of Edisto. 2 of the canoes carried &lt;illegible&gt; In the morning there was much wind [and] the water very rough. 25 &lt;illegible&gt; returned with money to buy provisions [and] a letter to Rivers, ship carpenter. 20. Waggon returned from har-vesting corn at Savanna. The produce very defective. NB 2 shoats &lt;illegible&gt;

November 1 2 midling barrows brought from Savanna. 2 Began to shingle the Barn with new cypress shingles. 3 Examined the pigeon house. 1. pr. pigeons - no eggs. See, Feby. 4 Emanuel, who went to town the 2d. in Pringles canoe for a few Strawberry plants from Mr. Ash - returned, with Will groom 6 Cimon [and] Toby cook sawing pine shingles. Toby splitting rails Yesterday Went to town in Chair. Quash went to Savanna to repair Gins. [and] Philip do. to Saw. 7 Schooner arrived at D.h with Jack Carolina [and] Exeter with 5 M. bricks. 9 Quash returned to D.h. at Eveng. 10 Returned To D.h. Began harvesting of the Pease- per se, crop. sown August 11. 112 Hoar frost. First appearance NB here: tho have heard such has been already seen at dif--ferent times [and] places. 12 Began to Store Potatoes Con--volunlus- from garden. Carolina began to build the chimneys in the Negroe bar--racks. I laid them out accord-ing to Count Rumfords plan. Hoar frost 13 Do [and] carpenter Toby hobbled to barn to draw nails from Shingles, old.

November 14 Toby ascended to shingle the barn roof. See Octor. 24. 15 Had fever at Evening. Potatoes from garden - finish-ed Storing by 2. p.m.- Went to gather pease of August. 16 Henrietta, Maria, [and] Charles went to town in chair. 17 No return of Fever, after Bark. 18 Charles returned to D.h. says Canoe left town after Sun-set for Jehosse. NB. First appearance of Ice here, [and] very thick hoar-frost also- like as Snow. 19 Arrived with Charles at Jehos--se. there are 60 barrels of rice packed in Store: in barn not packed. 12. [and] of Small rice. 5 Jack arrived with the Cloth last night about 9 or 10. total time of voyage 28 or 29 hours- altho the canoe sprang a leak which forced him into Mr. Lightwoods plantation to &lt;get it stopped&gt;. Stop it: which consum--ed about half an hour 23 Canoe left Jehosse at about 2. a.m. with negroe cloth. 1 bal. small rice. 2. bushels whole do. 1. barl. rice flour. 3. turkies - [blank] doz. Eggs.

November 22 Finished beating rice of Nr. 6 produce 62. barrels exclusive of its portion sweapings off the barn--yard [and] 37. Stack carried off by the hurricane Began to beat Nr. 7. 23 there are 71. boards Sawed. Left Jehosse at XI. 20 minutes At the mill. XI 40. At Mr. Peytons house XII. 10 or 15 Left do. XII. 35 At D.h. 5. 35. Cynanche aqnose very trouble--some - from walking on the damp ground the 22. 24 My brother [and] family arrived in C-ton from the North the [blank].- [and] called here in the afternoon. 28 4. Middling hogs from Sava: see 1. 29 Schooner left D.h. morning ebb to go to Savannah to take in her new mast. Charles [and] I went in chair to town. a.m.- Mr. Spesegger came to D.h. from Middleton place [and] tuned the Pia: for. [blank]

January. 1805.- 1 Schooner arrived at D.h. from Jehosse with 8 hogs, 6 turkies 6 doz. eggs. 2. barrels seed rice. rather 1 1/2 99. inch boards. Pringles, [and] Pinckneys dined - Corn for horses ceased. See Decr. 24. 2 Schooner left D.h. for Sava. Mr. Manigt. [and] family left D.h. 7 the 1st. lamb yeaned this winter. It is 2. weeks later than usual. Killed a wild [blank] year old Steer. brought from Sava the 4.- Weight. hind quarters. 102. 104- [blank] Fore do. 125. 128. tot. 459. Sent it by Will to Isaac. Sent George to Sava. to deliver Corn for Plantation diet, the Potatoes being exhausted to a few. He delivered the whole remnant of old corn, viz. 21.2:0 Overseer says 1. bushel pr. day. George says Schooner did not arrive at Sava till Sunday evening the 6. [and] is to leave Sava tomorrow, the 8. Th. Philips slater, returned at morning. from Ancrum's. One of the Jehosse bacon hogs farrowed. 6 pigs. &lt;Will returned with Canoe&gt; D.h. NB.8 Negroes Diet commences on Corn 9 Will returned early in the morn--ing with the Canoe, Slates, lead, [and] journeyman tinman, Reynolds, [and 1 negroe man, [and] 3 boys be--longing to Legge.

January.- Exeter [and] Carolina began to split rails. Killed a Stag barrow. The 2d. of the hogs from Jehosse. Will says the meat is rank having been only half gelt. 11 My horse Jarman died. An excel-lant horse! Killed the 3d. hog from Jehosse 12 Do. 4 [and] 5th. from do.- 10 Schooner left Savanna. 15 Schooner arrived from Savanna. with 4. bales of cotton. 83 boards. [and] 1. Stack of fodder equal [blank] wag--gon loads. Killed the 6th. hog Je:- 17 Schooner departed to town, for Corn for Jehosse. NB A horse loaned from Mrs. T.M. was sent here Yesterday. 16. The District negroes went to work at the bridge for 2. days.- The list very defective. NB On the 6. had three trout at table. These were fat, [and] had been kept in the Fish Car since August 4. equal to 5 Months.- Dined [and] laid at C. Fullers. 18 Attended at the bridge. Both work [and] time bungled. Cold- ground damp. Feverish at Even. 20 Reynolds, tinner, came dinner Schooner left town yesterday with 250 bushels corn - Jehosse Feverish at Even 22 tinner says he has done all he had to do. About 12 or 1. he returned to town. Feverish at Even. Seaboy came from Sava:-

January 23 Sent Charles in chair to Jehosse -to discharge overseer Freer.- 24 Carolina preparing to burn Lime. Seaboy absconded Sava: from Overseers threats, the 22. Was feverish the afternoons or evenings, of 23 [and] 24. 25 Philips went in my Canoe to town for Slates. in the morn-ing - [and] left town at evening but did not arrive at D.h. until 1. or 2. next morning took bark 26 No return of fever 28 An Erysypelas in both feet confined me to the chamber 29 Philips having finished slating left D.h. about 10. A.M. Will went yesterday to Sava [and] delivered Corn for provisions viz: 6 bars. [and] 6 baskets [plus] 20.0.0- NB Seaboy taken 27. at D.h. 31 All the carpenters left D.h in canoe, at morning Ebb, for Jehosse. NB Schooner arrived at Jehosse the 26. with 240 bushels of corn delivered - 1 barrel Salt 1. keg 4d. nails . NB. She had a new cypress main mast fitted [and] placed in her the 9

February 1 Charles returned from Jehosse. 6 Savannah Overseer went to Pe-dee. NB.W Bull sailed with Mc.Neil the 2. 8 Charles went to Jehosse. NB. he went to town 3. [and] returned NB 4. [and] he delivered to O [and] M. two renewal notes the 6. One dated Jany. 30 for [dollar sign] 450.- the other for [dollar sign] 400. 11 Reid [and] Legge came with NB ex-pectations of being paid for a roof that yet leaks. 12 Schooner arrived at D.h. with 1. barrel of large rice. 2 Do. of small. 1. Do. Seed do. 3 do Chaff.- 6. Spades. 4. doz. hoes. She left Jehosse 31. at day break. Arrived C-ton 7. at evening [and] could not get into wharf. 8. entered wharf about 9. a.m. [and] unloaded only 4. bales cotton, [and] 11. barrels of rice because - there was not space on the wharf.- the 9. unloaded the &lt;ram&gt; remainder of 60 barrels Rice. [and] received the Spades [and] hoes. before 2. p.m. but was then detained for the letter which he did not get until the 11. at ebb. 13 Rainy. Leaks thro cieling of upper hall where Quash re- NB -placed some timber. Also in the east closet - [and] near the west closet door. George on horse returned from town. was sent to P.S. 11.

March 2 Left, with Charles, Jehosse. [and] arrived at D.h 5 Agreed with John Worrell to oversee at Long Savanna from NB Jany 31. at the Rate of £40..- pr. Annum- That is, his to have 2 PC. of the Sales of the crop.- Reserving, first, 550. bushels of Corn for use of. Plantation, [and] then 50 more for the overseers horse - the overpluss being for sale.- Moreover. The overseer to find himself in all provisions, ex-cept Milk, [and] 13. bushels of Corn. Detail of the Reserved corn. Provisions for Negroes for ten Months .... 375 Do. Overseer. 12. Months .... 13 Do. Poultry, ..... 13 401 Do. Hogs ..... 50 Do. for D. hall ..... 100 551 NB The Overseer pleaded hard for the 50. bushels for his horse. -Hence it is reasonable to suppose, O. in general, provide for their horses, corn, or food of grain, with, or without their employers consent, or knowledge. NB He says, where they bread hogs at home, not in woods they allow daily to a grown hog 1. quart of corn: To a weaned pig or Shoat, 1. pint. The Stock Accor about 1d D [and]

March to a plough-horse 6. quarts. -[and] to a common &lt;farm&gt; Stock of poultry, for family use, one peck weekly. NB. he lived in a part of the country, where they found it more profitable to sell their corn when converted into flesh of horses [and] hogs, than to sell it as grain. 6 Rainy [and] windy. two new leaks appeared. one in the west cham[-]ber [and] adjoining closet: the other in the same room by the Stair door. the 1st. seems from the junction of gutter [and] pipe:- [and] the 2. comes down the inner hip rafter by the gutter. 7 Went to Middleton place. Saw two Swallows . At evening went to Cedar grove Had fever at evening 9 Went to Botanic garden. It is so neglected, that it is near--ly ruined. Plants- Asculus, pavia Spicata Pincknea. Kalmia hirsuta. three species of Vines.- Anoma triloba, papaw. Cuttings. Olea fragrans - tilia. Seeds. Crotolania, perforata. Returned to D.h at evening NB the Schooner arrived at D.h the night of the 7. While pas--sing Wappo cut the 7. a Schooner

March behind him grounded, [and] broke her back; so that the raft which was behind her, could not pass - therefore my Schooner proceeded. See Feb. 28.- NB Jack patroon, [and] Quash carpenter, left Jehosse March 1. friday night - on the 4. at evening were at Pratilla, rogueing according to Spencers letter of the 6. Fever which attacked the 7. re-turned. 10 took bark. Seaboy returned - Mr. Lloyd interceeding 11 No return of fever. Delivered Corn at Sava: by Will. Exeter [and] Carolina, went with Quash to Wappo, to take the raft to pieces, in order to pass the wrecked schooner in that Cut. 13 Exeter returned at evening- the Raft is in the Ashley river - head winds hinder its progress. 14 Went to C-ton, in chair 15 Brought from Sava: a Cow, [and] calf for club. 16 Returned to D.h. NB Ice the 13. 14. [and] hoar frost 15. NB.Raft arrived at D.h 15. at evening. For a new Barn. 17 Mr. Manigt. [and] family came 18 Mr. M. alone went 19 Went to Jehosse - with Charles. 20 Sowed 30 acres of Corn- Operations seem sufficiently forwd. 23 Left Jehosse with Charles. At Dh. 24 Frost said to be on 21. 2. 3. 26 Investigation of Jack patroon at Pratilla concerning his friend Joe the negroe pedlar. NB. Poultry houses - began to &lt;pre--pare Stuff to&gt; build them. See 29

March 26 Began to repair the lower bank of South lake. With 10. M. labourers. Finished. 29. 29 Finished the poultry new log--house. carpenters began to get NB Stuff for it the 20. 30 Schooner left D.h. for C-ton with 9 barrels of cleaned rice [and] 1. Bale of cotton. Also, young trees [and] shrubs for P.S. Carpenters jobbing - bridge [and]ca. April 1 Met road Commissioners. W Miles to find at next meeting. 2 Charles, went to Jehosse. 3 Schooner arrived from C-ton with .1. Pipe of cape madeira. NB 6. dozen of Burgundy madeira. Sugar, candles [and]ca. Sent Sandy [and] Nella to Sava:- 4 Bought a draught gelding belonging to R.Z. called Stranger. It has a combination of vari--ous forms - it is cat hammed, goose rumped, ewe necked - low behind [and] high before like an Antelope: he Stumbles before, [and] sinks behind like - like any thing. He is said to be 8 years old this grass. To counterbal--lance, he is said to be mighty fine tempered - void of tricks. Sprightly gaited, true to draught.

April Being in great need of a draught horse, I bought it with more money perhaps than it was worth at market. But Necessity has no law. Money is made to supply our Wants: [and] the horse was more necessary [and] useful to me, than the money. 5 Charles returned from Jehosse. 88 1/2 acres of rice will be sown this day. Returned horse, to Mrs. M. 6 Saturday- Toby [and] Philip began NB. this morning to saw boards at D.h.- the Stock 24 feet long 9 Left D.h. for Jehosse 10 136. acres of rice sown this e--vening. Heard Chuck will, the 10. 12 Arrived at D.hall. Magnolia minor - Fringe tree, blowing. 13 Put the first sawed Stock 7 boards under water to season. 14 Sent Will to Factor. 15 The members of the Lamb-club -viz: W. Cattel. T. Rose. Chieffelle [and] self, agreed, that it should com-mence thursday the 18, [and] proceed in the above order. The mem--bers are to send to the killer. NB. To purify pond fish. When it is boiling, put into the kettle a plant of Parsley, root [and] branch: and the fish will be rendered as palatiable as those from the best streams.

April to take off the taste of marsh in the milk in the spring season, add to it a teaspoon of brandy - Will returned from C.F 16 Schooner returned to D.h. NB. at night with shells NB. Thunder Shower 16. leaked into upper Drawing room. 19 Sein, drawn first time. Easter friday- Sun sufficiently warm at mid-day. Stored 2. large trout 22. [and] 17 1/2 inch-es - [and] 5 small, 10 or 12 inches long. NB.20 Corn of last crop, exhausted. 21 Loaned of corn 6. bushels Seed rice for horses. measured residue .3. bushels 23 Confabulation with Mr. Heyward at Mrs. M. 24 Schooner early in the morning set off To C-ton for Corn. Set off with Charles for Jehosse but the change to bad weather occasion us to put in at Mr. Cabornis, [and] to return to D.h. 25 Charles departed for Jehosse- Henrietta [and] M. do. for Goosecreek Repairing my road of Approach NB Strawberries plenty now, the 19, to furnish a small dish Solanum potatoe blowing 27 Began to hoe rice at Jehosse NB. Charles, left the Stallion at Jehosse, [and] arrived at D.h.- 29 Went with C. to Jehosse. Lay at the Mill 30 At Jehosse before breakfast. 28 Schooner arrived at night 170. Bus. Corn measured here 162.2.0-

May 1 Mr. Gibbes dined at Jehos-se. He has no doubt of the similarity of the tide land being the same with that at Combahee. that the banks are better than Heywards- that the fields are in good order, [and] the appearance of the rice better - but that it was 7 days since he left Combahee. His driver Dick, an uncommon clever one, says the soils of C. [and] Je. Strong-ly resemble. They both a--gree that they prefer the soil at C. to the Strong hard clay they have, at Wilton-which is a long time on dry-ing after the water is let off. [and] when the soft land is trench--ed, the ridges become so hard, that it is stubborn to the hoe: which renders the work labo--rious, tedious, [and] imperfect. Nor is the product equal to the lands at C. Moreover, seed is long in perforating the soil - [and] the soil requires to be broken up with the plough, every year.

May 4 Left Jehosse. Mr. Freer finished sowing last evening. Mr. Gibbes yet clearing weeds from land hired of Mr. Clements, in order to sow rice. I had hoed last evening 86. acres of rice. I began to hoe two days after Mr. Heyward. NB the 2, finished shearing sheep at D.h. viz. 2. Rams. 2. Wedders. 24 Ewes.- there are 20. lambs. 5 One of the lambs were Stolen last night. they happened to be penned. When they are at large they cannot easily be caught, [and] not without creating some noise. 6 Charles went to Goosecreek- [and] at evening, returned. 9 Oats, shooting out earring Stalks. Went to C-ton. Reaped June 19. Directors of State Bank agree to negotiate my Notes without an Indorser, provided I deposit as security, my Original shares to the amount. 11 Returned to D.h. 12 Sent by I.J. Pringle 20 Shares in State bank to be delivered To P. Smith to be deposited in the State bank on my account. At night, Saturday, Carolina went to Sava: there to work until Sandy [and] Nella shall return from Jehosse

May 13 Schooner went to town for corn for Jehosse Recd. from Sava: 4 Cows. 4 calves Sent by Schooner by Will, to Isaac, 4. Calves. Isaac agreed the 11. to take all I send dur--ing the Season at [dollar sign] 10. Sent the old gutters lead lb to be delivered to Read the tinman on Account. Went with Charles to Jehosse. 15 Mr. Seabrook dined at Jehosse. Between 2 [and] 3 came on a flood of rain preceeded by thunder [and] a very violent gust of wind. Dick Mr. Gibbes driver came to inspect the watering of my Rice, in the morning 16 Showery 17 Very cool. Mr. S. sent 2 quarts of a Guinea corn. It is sufficient to sow 3/4 acres he writes. Left Jehosse half after 6. [and] had to wait at the mill near an hour for the horses. take bet--ter care Jack! Met the tax collector. To leave at Mrs. Freazers my Returns for tax - [and] the money -The Return to be sworn unto before any Majistrate.

May 18 Above 40 people at Club 19 Above 50 people at Church. 20 Went to Sava: - all clean 21 Chair [and] horsemen went to receive us at Mr. Simmons Went with family to Gooscreek via Simmons. 22 &lt;Will&gt; 5 Cows with 5 calves from Savanna. Will carried 4. calves to Market Went to the Botanic garden: more ruinous than the last year. the vine with the small crimson flower supported last year on fence, pervades now a tree. A firr about 6 feet high, has beautiful purple cones. 23 Returned to D.h. 25. A fishing party at Roses. 27 My nephew W.H.D. came to take leave, previous to his departure for England which is calculated to take place the 29. Sent by my brother, my returns of tax General, [and] the money due thereon. 28 My brother [and] family went to town- I went with Charles to Jehosse. Schooner left Jehosse Monday 27. with 6 barrels of seed rice, [and] 1. the last bale of Cotton. She left town 16 or 17. arrived at Jehosse 22 Unloaded 24. 242 1/2 bushs. corn 25 lb powder 75 lb Shott 1. Pease. Tobacco. Plantation in good order. 31 Left Jehosse. very cool. Dined, R.M. Smith Schooner at D.h. at Evening. No bar--rel full.

June 8 Returned to D.h. Great squall wind [and] rain between 9 [and] 11.- 10 Lay at Mr. Seabrooks at Stono in order to render my jour--ney tomorrow to Jehosse plea-sant. 11 Left Mr. S. at 7. waiting an early family breakfast. Arrived at Wilton a little after 10. a.M. -dined at Mr. Peytons. At Jehosse at sun set. 12 All matters well enough- but they are somewhat too careless NB. in picking grass. See 20. Foot. 13 Lay at Mr. Peytons 14 Left P. 1/4. before 5. a.m. Arrived at D.h. at ten. NB. Stopping thrice must have consumed 1/4 hour. The journey was very pleasant. tho after X, the weather became warm or hot in Sun. 15 the club, capital. Adjourned to first Saturday October. 20 Squibb a botanic gardner visited. Mr. [and] Mrs. Mid: do. afternoon. My ancle [and] footsep disordered with Erysypelas. since 13. NB. Longest day. At 9. p.m. lean-ing on the W. post of my back door, the great bear is wholly visible close above the N.W. corner of the roof. Observe Decr. 25.

June 21 Squibb departed. Exeter went to Factor for 12 hoes. Jupiter seems entering the body of Scorpion from the [blank] 24 Began to diet the Negroes on Solan. potatoes. [and] corn. to take one meal of each day--ly- 3. quarts of each pr. week. 25 Recd. 2. watermelons from Sava- these the first I have seen ripe. Carolina came to Jobb. 28 Recd: the first watermelon from the potatoe ground, on the hill. Will went to town for Vinegar lamp oil [and]ca, in Ladsons canoe - [and] to Isaac.

July 1 H. Middleton. slept. 3 Schooner returned from T.D.s use - [and] with bricks to repay loan. 4 Eat the first M. Melon. This from the field of potatoes. 5 Sowed 12. Drum cab. seed. H.M. dined, via to town. Eat, the first melon from the garden. See June 25. 28. 6 Abraham came from Jehosse with 2 guns to repair - [and] accots. of the crop from Mr. Seabrook.- Sent an African lad to Work--house, by Mrs. T.M. Sambo. He says his name is Ishmael, [and] he belongs to Williman. 9 Drew off a Pipe of Cape Madeira 27. case bottles containing [blank] Gals NB. 16 doz. [and] 10 quart bottles. [and] 9 Qts, drippings into a turreen. 1. case bottle of leas [and] 1. quart 16 Rode out. The indisposition of my feet from the Erysipelatous sores [and] swelling, having hitherto prevented me. See June 20 20 Threatened with a spasmodic cholic. took L.L. 21 Fever at evening 24 Do. But. Nellas accot. 25 took bark. Mr. Manigault Charlotte [and] Dr Baron came in morning [and] forenoon [and] returned at 5. p.m. 26 No return of Fever. Very weak. 28 Charles went to see Ov. fine crop at Savannah [and] returned with him 10. a.M. 29 Went with family to reside Mr. Manigaults, town 30 Dr. Baron came.

August 1 Fever came on at evening 2 Do. Continued 3 took Antiemetic. 4 Fever going off. P. 92. took one dose of yellow bark. [and] of red, one. Abraham came with letter from Jehosse. 5 Abraham returned. took 4. doses yellow bark. 6 No return of fever. 8 Charles went to D. Hall. 9 Do. returned 10 Canoe, with Sundries. Fruit, clothes. 15 Maria [and] Charles to D.h. and returned at evening 16 Fever returned. negligence. cold. 17 Do. 18 Bark 19 No fever. 23 Fever coming on about 3. p.m. with violent shivering for short time 24 About 2. a.m. a violent shiver--ing came on. NB. From the uneasy sensations about the pit of the Stomach, yes--terday I suppose the fever arose from Spasmodic structure of the Biliary duct. took a Cathartie but no Bark. 25 No Fever 26 Will came in canoe with 2. calves from Sava: [and] 2 from D.h. 28 Ned brought Figgs from. D.h. too many sowered before night. 31 Will in canoe. with 2. calves. NB The whole of this Dog-day month pleasant, in the shade.

September 2 Charles went to D.h. Papers. Ned brought Figgs from D.h. NB. most of them sowered:- so bring no more. 4 Charles returned. With him came driver Will, from Jehosse, to give account of Sundries - to get in--structions - weather being rainy. 6 Driver Will carried 10 hands from Savanna for Jehosse. 9 Tissey's young child died at Sava:- 10 Rinah's do. do. Will - 2. calves. brought NB. Jack sent to Antoines to learn to cobble harness. Charles D. went to Trajetta, for instructions on the Violin 11 Spasm of biliary duct. with Fever. R. L.L. gut. XX. Elix. Paragor. gut XX. E/. Menth. gut. XL. - Sugar [and] water g.S.-M. Half for one dose did remove the spasm which was slight, but would have increased. 12 Harvest of Corn at D.h. began. 14 Finis do. - Shabby Product. 16 Canoe came instead of the 14. brought grass [and]c- NB It was rainy weather from Aug 27. to [and] including Sept. 6. ex--cepting Sunday the 1.- 17 Hay harvest began to D.h 22 Day dawns 1. hour 20 minutes NB. be-fore sunrise. 26 Sent Jack to [and] from D.h. 28 Abraham came from Jehosse with a letter from Mr. Seabrook

September 29 Canoe. 30 Hay making finished. product 11. small Stacks. shabby. [and] there is to be no 2d. cutting. NB The Weather has temperate or pleasant throughout. From the 22, the coolness was often sharp. When did carpenters finish barn [and] go to Savannah. October 1 All field people in the Garden. 4 Sent part of the Cattle from D.h. to Savanna. viz. 16. cows. 3 calves. 1. two-year Steer. 5 Canoe came in morning M.[and] Charles went to D.h. and returned at evening No Club. Shuffling. see June 15. NB.7 Charles [and] self, went to D.h. No muster.- nor men, nor officers. 8 Went to Savannah with Charles. Notified in the plantation book, Sundries. Acorns droping. 9 Overseer overtook CD on his way to C-ton - [and] discharged himself. 12 Will came with Canoe - [and] with Abraham from Jehosse, [and] Sam-son from do. with letter [and] butter 13 Borrowed of my brother a horse to Jehosse. 14 Carpenters came from Sav: to D.h. to repair Canoe. Came at evening 15 Came with Charles to D.h. NB. Began to Gin cotton, 14 Gins, at Savannah. Fire at evening. NB. the first time

October Fires morning [and] evening Set off at night the carpenters in their canoe for -Jehosse, Fire morning [and] even calling me in at Savannah. 16 Sowed English cabbages [and] carrots 17 Left D.h. with Charles, for Jehosse -landed there before sun-set. 18 Carpenters at Jehosse about XI A.M. Azactrias, tobys son apprenticed. But little more than 2/3 of Rice yet gathered into barn yard. 22 Hoar frost. Left Jehosse. NB fires agreeable evening and morning since the 7. Sowed about [blank] acre of Oats for sale about [blank] week in 24 Sent 3 bags, to Savannah to hold the loose Cot-ton, &lt;to Savanna&gt;. until packed Returned the horse to my bro--thers driver last night. Went to C-ton with Charles. My chair horse went lamely NB all the way. 25 Ice- 26 Went to St. Andrews club, [and] D.h. 28 Potatoe harvest began at D.h. 29 Had at table a pair of Pigeons. NB. the Pigeon house was NB.exa--mined the 9. there were 10. pr. eggs but no young ones. 31 Sent to Savannah 22. field bags for gathering cotton. 3/4 long [and] 1. yard circumference One of my dogs bit my finger. Dog bit my finger State of [illegible] alman

November 1 2 bags Cotton, the first of the crop, sent from Savanna to D. hall. see 4. 2 Sent to Sava: 20 Yards of cot--ton bagging - 1. skein twine - 4. barrels- Chloe returned to Savanna. 3 Charles who went to town the 29. returned. We went to town in the afternoon. 4 Lent my Schooner To T.D.- Sent in her 2 bags of cotton from Sava. [and] Plough to be repaired. 10 Returned with C. to D.h. 11 At Jehosse with C. 14 All the rice in sheaves, brought from the &lt;barn&gt; field yards to the barn yard [and] Ricked- 15 All the rice of broken sheaves in loose Straw now brought to barn yard. I calculate the rice S. of barn to be about ... 450 and all on the North about ... 50 and from the broken sheaves [and] sweepings from the Yard floors, about ... 25. The driver Paris very faulty in not having all his Staves made [and] brought home before harvest. 16 Left Jehosse. also left the Stal--lion there, [and] brought Careless. 2. Bales cotton from Savannah total 4 bales. 17 Went to &lt;Savannah&gt; C-ton Charles [and] Jack. Jack returned at Evening with the two horses.

November 18 Canoe carried to Factor, 2. bales cotton. total 4. Sava: Went to Savannah - carried 20 Yds. bagging - [and] twine. 6. hogs fattening on acorns. 19 Went to town. Chair . Jack. 24 Returned to D.h. with Henrietta 25 Went to Savannah. 7. hogs in pen 26 Recd. two hogs from Savana -these the first, this Winter. NB [and] w. bales of Cotton. total 6. NB Schooner careened. 20 [and] 21. Weighed 2. bales cotton, 282 lb 254 lb 2 Cows for market from Sava. 27 Sent Schooner to town with 2. bales cotton [and] negroe clothing, in her way to Jehosse. Also, Canoe with a beef by Will. Went with H. to C-ton.

December 1 Maria [and] Charles returned To D.h. 2 Killed the first bacon hogs - from Savannah. NB.8 Henrietta [and] I returned to Dh. To reside. NB Green pease in plenty at club yesterday. Yeadons find. 9- 2 bales cotton from Sava. tot. 8 11 Went to Sava. carried 15. Yards Pompeys Account of the death of 2. cows [and] .1. heifer. One calf died while I was there. Had been sick 5 or 6 days- supposed from some noxious food, as it looked in good condition. It had not sucked the Dam for some days. J.G. Zwickel a Dutchman came to me, while there, to seek employment as an Overseer. Agreed to take him - at the rate of Forty pounds the Year. 20 lb of coffee, 30 lb Sugar. 300 lb of meat, 2 cows for milk - a wench [and] boy unfit for the field. He is to come to take charge on the 16. to part at will, [and] pay at the Rate of £40.- The driver gone with se--veral hands to carry the NB. 1. lb coffee, requires 1. lb 1/8. Musc. Sugar 1. lb tea do. 9 lb loaf Sugar

December the hoop poles from the head of Rantowles causeway to the Schooner which arriv-ed at the bridge the 10 at night. NB. She left C-ton Tim (came from Schooner) of Savannah to D.h. to un--dergo a course of Medicine Sent yesterday, about mid--day, Will with canoe to C-ton for Sundries . see 20. 12 Went with Charles To Jehosse - found Schooner loitering at the bridge. NB. Met Zwickel - he requests to go to Savannah tomorrow, to take charge. Granted 15 Went to visit Mr. Seabrook who is dangeroulsy ill with a Peripuenumony. Consulted with Dr. Chissolm, who ap--pears intellegent in his profession. Went by water - time from my North to opposite the South or back landing, 1. hour 15. minutes:- [and] from thence To Mr. S. landing on Edisto, 20. minutes; [and] to his house, 15 or 20 minutes more In the afternoon, left Mr. S after 4- 20 minutes left the landing at 40 - arrived at my back landing 10 minutes after He went to reside Friday 13. [and] the 14 sent 2 bales of Cotton To D.h. tot. 10.

December after 5- [and] at my house at 6. Thus to go from my N. landing by water to Mr. S on Edisto, requires 1.h. 55. Min: -while to go walking from my house [and] taking Water at the S. land--ing, [and] riding to Mr. S, requires only 1.10 minutes. 17 Schooner arrived about sun--rise. with negroe clothing hoop poles, 1. pr. mill Stones, a cypress spar for a new fore--mast [and] 10 empty barrels Johnson, who superintends Mr. Peytons mill, came about XI. a.m. to amend [and] erect the small cogg- mill for grinding rice; which had been laid aside; as in ope--rating, it had not answered, from ignorance or a want of due skill. 18 Placed in the Schooner a new foremast, [and] fitted the old mast for a boom. See 31. NB 19 Loaded the Schoner first of Crop with 64 barrels of rice for market - [and] 1. barrel of small rice, 2 bars. of seed rice, 7. bars. rice flowr. 2. bacon hogs. 1. bale negroe cloth; [and] 1 balle of blankets - [and] one rice sive to be returned - 1 pr. window sashes. Started at Evening. NB- 16 Carolina finished burning Lime 17. do. began to split rails 23. Do. splitted 600. 30 Do. renewed splitting

December 20 Left Jehosse - with Charles, and stallion, Commerce. Arrived at D.h. See last page, note, NB. NB. Informed that Will made an unfortunate returning voyage in the canoe on the 12. for, in going over a post concealed under water, she started the centre plank in her bottom. whereby she filled up to the gunnel before the people, Affy [and]ca, could be taken out by the assisting boats. Lost of her cargoe, 6 bushels of seed potatoes out of 10 - 1. do for table -3 tongues, of 9. - 2d. hog Sava killed 16 22 Schooner arrived in C-ton 23 2. bags Cotton from Savannah. tot. 12 24 Mr. Manigault [and] family arrived at D.h. Slew for the negroes, the bull ranging about Ladsons, [and]ca 25 Dined with Christmass parties at my brothers. W. Bull there: he arrived in C-ton from [blank]. the 19. -a Ballet. 26 Dined with parties at Mr. Pringles NB at evening Ballets. NB. Such parties every da(p. 31) 21 At club, Mr. Fuller said, that his slip potatoes averaged at harvesting 240 bushels pr. Acre. owing to manuring the foun--dation of the beds with a list of salt marsh, about 12 inched wide, [and] 6 high; [and] raising the ridge with earth, To about 24.

This plantation diary includes day-to-day management of Drayton plantations, (particularly Drayton Hall and Jehossee), focusing on crops, livestock, labor, and the movement of these between estates. Includes details on the unsatisfactory work of overseers, marriage of Charlotte Drayton, building of a new barn and slave houses, slave deaths from snake/spider bites and lightning strikes.