The degree of stenosis of carotid arteries is recognized as an important risk factor for ischemic stroke. However, high-grade stenosis does not always cause cerebrovascular events, whereas low- to moderate-grade stenosis may often cause strokes. It has been reported that there is an association between carotid intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) and ...

Mair Grant G From the Division of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (G.M., F.M.C., P.S., J.M.W.); Department of Radiology, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, United Kingdom (E.V.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Dresden University Stroke Centre, University Hospital, Dresden, Germany (R.v.K.); and Westmead Hospital Clinical School and The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia - - 2014

In acute ischemic stroke, the hyperdense artery sign (HAS) on noncontrast computed tomography (CT) is thought to represent intraluminal thrombus and, therefore, is a surrogate of arterial obstruction. We sought to assess the accuracy of HAS as a marker of arterial obstruction by thrombus. The Third International Stroke Trial (IST-3) ...

A mobile floating carotid plaque (MFCP) is an infrequent pathological lesion with an unknown natural history caused by thinning and rupture of the fibrous cap of the atheromatous plaque; it may result in repeated ischaemic strokes. Duplex carotid ultrasound is a non-invasive technique useful in defining the plaque morphology with ...

A susceptibility vessel sign (SVS) on 1.5-tesla (T)-T2*-weighted images may predict cardioembolism. It has also been detected in patients with large artery atherosclerosis. In patients with major vessel occlusion, the SVS was comprised 2 layers on 3T-T2*-weighted images. We assessed the efficacy of 2-layered SVS on 3T-T2*-weighted imaging scans for ...

The recent development of revascularization devices, including stent retrievers, has enabled increasingly higher revascularization rates for arterial occlusions in acute ischemic stroke. Patient-specific factors such as anatomy, however, may occasionally limit endovascular deployment of these new devices via the conventional transfemoral approach. We report three cases of acute ischemic stroke ...

The Scandinavian Candesartan Acute Stroke Trial (SCAST) showed no beneficial clinical effects of blood pressure lowering with the angiotensin receptor blocker candesartan in the acute phase of stroke. In the present analysis we wanted to see if the effects of blood pressure lowering are harmful in the subgroup of patients ...

Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke is as common as large vessel arterial ischemic stroke in adults and leads to significant morbidity. Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke is the most common identifiable cause of cerebral palsy and can lead to cognitive and behavioral difficulties that are amortized over a lifetime. The literature on ...

Although the procedural and postoperative safety profile of carotid artery stenting (CAS) has been steadily improving, many centers still recommend carotid endarectomy (CEA) over CAS. We assessed outcomes (procedural and postoperative stroke) following tailored CAS in a cohort of patients managed at a single academic medical center. Outcomes for patients ...

Akpinar Suha S Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University Hospital, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey, - - 2014

Spontaneous Solitaire™ stent retriever detachment is a rarely defined entity seen during stroke treatment, which can result in a disastrous clinical outcome if it cannot be solved within a critical stroke treatment time window. Two solutions to this problem are presented in the literature. The first is to leave the ...

Stroke is a common and devastating embolic manifestation of infective endocarditis. We report a case of cardioembolic stroke in a patient with enterococcal endocarditis, with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 3. A middle-aged patient with bacterial endocarditis exhibited mild intermittent left hemiparesis and dysarthria in the setting ...

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of various pathologies has been associated with peri-interventional neurologic complication rates of up to 15%. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the management of the left subclavian artery (LSA) on neurologic complications and to define subgroups that might benefit from ...

A posttraumatic carotid cavernous fistula can remain unrecognized and ultimately present with symptoms characteristic for a middle cerebral artery stroke. Progressive neurologic deterioration can occur until the condition is diagnosed and treated. If unrecognized and untreated, permanent damage may result. A 46-year-old white man with the history of a motor ...

Background: We report two cases of paradoxical cerebral embolism associated with acute venous thromboembolic disease. Case report: The first case corresponds to a 49-year-old woman with sudden onset of dyspnea and syncope, followed by right upper extremity paresis, aphasia and dysarthria. The admission brain computed tomography (CT) was unremarkable, but ...

Factors predicting family history (FH) of premature arterial thrombosis in young patients with ischaemic stroke (IS) have not been extensively investigated, and whether they might influence the risk of post-stroke recurrence is still unknown. In the present study we analysed 1,881 consecutive first-ever IS patients aged 18-45 years recruited from ...

Endovascular revascularization techniques are increasingly used to treat arterial occlusions in patients with acute ischemic stroke. To monitor and communicate treatment results, a valid, reproducible, and clinically relevant, yet easy to use grading scheme of arterial recanalization and tissue reperfusion for digital subtraction angiography is needed. An ideal scoring system ...

Acute bilateral paramedian thalamic and mesencephalic infarcts are uncommon. Occlusion of the artery of Percheron (AOP) is presumed to cause this specific stroke syndrome. However, occlusion of the AOP is rare and early diagnosis is challenging. Here we described a 70-year-old male patient who presented with acute disturbance of consciousness ...

Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) is associated with acute and future stroke. IPH is also associated with lumen markers of stroke risk including stenosis, plaque thickness, and ulceration. Whether IPH adds further predictive value to these other variables is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether IPH improves carotid-source ...

Mechanical thrombectomy holds promise for children with large cerebral arterial occlusions, although there are few reports in this population. We report a case of retrievable stent-assisted mechanical thrombectomy in a 5-year-old with basilar artery occlusion, despite late presentation and extensive initial diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) restriction. This resulted in successful Thrombolysis ...

BackgroundElevated intracranial pressure from cerebral edema is the major cause of early mortality in acute stroke. Current treatment strategies to limit cerebral edema are not particularly effective. Some novel anti-edema measures have shown promising early findings in experimental stroke models. Vasopressin antagonism in stroke is one such target which has ...

Acute tandem occlusions of the cervical and distal internal carotid artery (ICA) or middle cerebral artery (MCA) are associated with major stroke with intravenous (i.v.) thrombolysis alone in approximately 90 % of patients. The data on endovascular management of tandem occlusions is still limited. The purpose of this study was to ...

Stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and up to 15-20% of ischemic strokes can be attributed to atherosclerotic internal carotid artery disease. The treatment of carotid artery disease has been the subject of a wealth of literature in the past twenty years since the publication of the ...

Carotid artery vasculopathy is a long-term complication of radiotherapy (RT) of the neck. We investigated the change in carotid intima media thickness (IMT) and the incidence of ischemic stroke in the first 7years after radiotherapy (RT) of the neck. A multicentre prospective cohort study among patients treated for Head and ...

Carotid revascularization is an established theurapeutic modality in preventing stroke and death among patients with severe carotid stenosis. Although carotid endarterectomy remains as the primary option, carotid stenting is accepted as an alternative for patients with high risk for carotid endarterectomy. Recently published reports have better results with proximal protection ...

Dhrami-Gavazi Elona E Department of Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New - - 2014

To report the case of a 49-year-old man who presented with profound visual loss in his right eye because of a central retinal artery occlusion, accompanied by a stroke in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery with left upper extremity sequelae. The patient underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination, fluorescein angiography, thorough ...

The use of stent retrievers for mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke may induce significant vasospasm, which at the early phases of reperfusion may be crucial for rethrombosis of the recanalized vessel. We aimed to study whether the use of intra-arterial papaverine in selected cases of vasospasm was associated with ...

Although the clinical relevance of aneurysm of the membranous ventricular septum (AMVS) in adults is unclear, the frequency of AMVS detection has been increased because cardiac multidetector computed tomography has been widely adopted for the evaluation of coronary artery disease. Therefore, we aimed to assess the clinical significance of AMVS ...

Asterixis as limb-shaking transient ischemic attack (TIA) is rare and poorly understood. Bilateral asymmetrical asterixis as limb-shaking TIA has not been reported in carotid stenosis. A 69-year-old gentleman presented with a TIA episode (dysarthria, right-arm weakness, and numbness). Bilateral asterixis was observed and was more severe on the right side. ...

Carotid stenosis is generally associated with high risks of stroke and vascular events. In asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, with or without revascularization, optimal managements of carotid artery stenosis require the use of medications or lifestyle modifications (stopping smoking and monitoring hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes) to control the processes associated with ...

The aim of this study was to assess reperfusion and clinical outcome of treatment with the self-expanding retrievable Separator 3D in revascularization of acute ischemic stroke. The three-dimensional (3D) device secures thrombus with direct aspiration and supports debulking of the clot. At two centers, 129 consecutive stroke patients with National ...

Data regarding the cerebral atherosclerotic stenosis (CAS) and incidence of stroke are conflicting. The number of stroke patients is more than three times that from coronary heart disease in China. The main aim of this report is to review the current status of intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis including epidemiology, ...

Extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) angioplasty and intracranial thrombectomy may be a safe and efficacious therapeutic option for recanalization of a subset of arterial occlusions termed tandem occlusions of Internal carotid artery and Middle cerebral artery (TIM). Approximately 25% of patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion will have a ...

This clinical report deals with a giant true pulmonary venous aneurysm, which was partially thrombosed. The overall incidence of pulmonary venous aneurysms is unknown, and they are reported only occasionally. We present the case of a previously healthy man with acute onset of ischemic cerebral stroke. The cause was a ...

Epidemiological studies show strong associations between kidney dysfunction and risk of ischemic stroke (IS), the mechanisms of which are incompletely understood. We investigated whether these associations may reflect shared heritability because of a common polygenic basis and whether this differed for IS subtypes. Polygenic models were derived using genome-wide association ...

Atherosclerotic disease accounts for 20%-30% of strokes in the general population. In young adults, it is an unexpected event and its causes involve diverse pathologies. Herein, we describe a unique case of acute embolic stroke in a young adult patient due to the presence of a large clot in the ...

Background and Purpose: Cerebral artery stenosis is known as an important cause of stroke, and elevated fasting glucose level is also considered as a risk factor for stroke. Our aim was to exam whether elevated fasting glucose is associated with cerebral artery stenosis, especially asymptomatic cerebral artery stenosis. Methods: The ...

A 73-year-old woman who suddenly developed left hemiparesis was admitted to our hospital. Ultrasonography on admission showed a free-floating thrombus (FFT) attached to an ulcerative plaque in the right common carotid artery. The FFT almost disappeared during treatment with intravenous anticoagulation therapy for acute stroke, but it reappeared when the ...

Stroke-like presentation in Lyme neuroborreliosis is rare in the pediatric age group. We report a previously healthy 12-year-old boy who presented with acute left hemiparesis and meningeal signs. Neuroimaging failed to reveal any cerebral infarction but demonstrated a multifocal cerebral vasculitis involving small, medium and large-sized vessels affecting both the ...

Subaortic stenosis (SAS) is a common congenital heart disease in Boxers. Doppler-derived aortic peak velocity (AoPV) is a diagnostic criterion for the disease. To investigate the influence of emotional stress during echocardiographic examination on AoPV in normal and SAS-affected Boxers. To evaluate the effects of aortic root diameters on AoPV ...

Macitentan is a new endothelin receptor antagonist that is used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in humans. Treatment of established pulmonary hypertension with macitentan was studied using the monocrotaline model of pulmonary hypertension. Three groups of rats were created (n=12): control (CON: macitentan only), monocrotaline (MCT: monocrotaline only) and macitentan ...

Cephalic arch stenosis is a common complication in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with brachial artery-cephalic vein fistulas and frequently leads to loss of the functioning brachial artery-cephalic vein fistula. There is paucity of conclusive data to guide appropriate management. We examined the risk of recurrence of cephalic arch stenosis after ...

The risk of early stroke recurrence among patients with symptomatic carotid near-occlusion with and without full collapse is unknown. Therefore the aim of this study was to analyse the 90-day risk of recurrent ipsilateral ischaemic stroke in patients with symptomatic carotid near-occlusion both with and without full collapse. This study ...

Although pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are rare, they are important in clinical practice because they are associated with life-threatening complications such as brain abscess, stroke and lung haemorrhage. The aims of the present study were to characterize PAVMs in a Korean population and to examine the incidence and factors associated ...

Stroke is a major complication of carotid artery stenting (CAS) that can occur during the procedure and for up to 30 days after the procedure in the late phase. Although the cause of late stroke after CAS is unknown, plaque protrusion may be one of the potential causes. This study aims ...