a variant or substitute foot occurring in a line that is part of a poem with otherwise regular meter

sprung rhythm

invented and almost exclusively used by Gerard Manley Hopkins. A rhythm in which stresses are sprung from the line by the use of stressed monosyllabic words in succession. Alliteration also contributes.

caesura or pl. caesurae

a natural pause in poetry especially one that occurs within the same line In scansion such a pause is indicated by a double slash //

enjambement

the process of containing a line into the next line

onomatopoeia

the use of words whose sounds imitate their meaning. “Bang”

exact rhymes

normal rhymes

inexact rhymes

also known as near, slant, half or off rhymes, such as rhymes that nearly do but do not exactly rhyme, such as supple and purple

internal rhymes

rhymes that occur within the same line

cliche rhymes

easy rhymes that show little effort such as hat and cat

rising or iambic rhyme

occurs when the final stressed words of two iambic lines as in For never was there a story of more woe/ Then that of Juliet and Romeo. There are also trochaic, dactylic, and anapestic rhymes

sight rhymes

rhymes that look as though they should rhyme but in actuality are inexact such as above and approve

identical rhymes

rhymes that employ identical words in rhyming positions

rhyme scheme

the pattern of end rhymes in a poem indicated by letters that correspond to first, second, third rhymes such as aabbcc or abba cddc etc.