The history of the Greenbrier Ghost may be one of the most
unique stories in the annals of ghostlore. This strange tale from rural West
Virginia is not only a part of supernatural history, but of the history of the
American judicial system as well. It remains a one of a kind event.. the only
case in which the word of a ghost helped to solve a crime and convict a
murderer!

Elva Zona Heaster was born in Greenbrier
County, West Virginia some time around 1873. Little is known about her
early life or about her growing up years in the Richlands section of the
county, other than she gave birth to an illegitimate child in 1895. One
year later, in October 1896, she met a man named Erasmus (also called
Edward) Stribbling Trout Shue. He was a drifter who moved to Greenbrier to
work as a blacksmith and to start a new life for himself. He went to work
in the shop of James Crookshanks, which was located just off of the old
Midland Trail. All of the public roads were unpaved in those days and with
the county being given over to rolling hills, it was the perfect place to
find plenty of horses and cattle. A blacksmith would find plenty of work
in Greenbrier County and Trout Shue did just that.

Zona Heaster

Zona became acquainted with Shue a short time after he
arrived in town. The two of them were attracted to each other and soon were
married, despite the animosity felt towards Shue by Zona’s mother, Mary Jane
Robinson Heaster. She had taken an instant dislike to him and always felt
there was something the amiable man was hiding.

The two lived together as man and wife for the next several
months. Then, on January 23, 1897, Zona’s body was discovered inside of her
house by a young boy that Shue had sent to the house on a contrived errand. He
had asked him to run to the house from the blacksmith shop and see if there
was anything that Zona needed from the store. The boy, Andy Jones, found Zona
lying on the floor at the bottom of the stairs. She was stretched out, with
her feet together and one hand on her abdomen and the other lying next to her.
Her head was turned slightly to one side. Her eyes were wide open and staring.
Even to this small boy, Zona Shue was obviously dead. Andy, not surprisingly,
ran home to tell his mother. The local doctor and coroner, Dr. George W.
Knapp, was summoned to the house, although he didn’t arrive for nearly an
hour.

By this time, Shue had carried his wife’s body upstairs and
had laid her out on the bed. Contrary to local custom, he dressed the corpse
himself. Normally, it was the proper thing for ladies of the community to wash
and dress a body in preparation for burial. However, Shue took it upon himself
to dress Zona in her best clothing. A high-necked, stiff-collared dress
covered her neck and a veil had been placed over her face. While Dr. Knapp
examined her and tried to determine a cause of death, Shue stayed by his
wife’s side, cradling her head and sobbing. Because of Shue’s obvious grief,
Knapp gave the body only a cursory examination, although he did notice some
bruising on her neck. When he tried to look closer, Shue reacted so violently
that the physician ended the examination and he left. Initially, he listed her
cause of death as "everlasting faint" and then as "childbirth". It is unknown
whether Zona was pregnant or not, but for two weeks prior to her death, Knapp
had been treating her for "female trouble".

The
House Where Zona was Killed

Dr. Knapp sent someone out to notify
Zona’s parents but word of the young woman’s death quickly spread through
the community. By late afternoon, two young men who were friends of
Zona’s, volunteered to ride out an area called Meadow Bluff and tell the
Heaster’s family what had happened. The farm was located about fifteen
miles west of the Richlands, in an area near Livesay’s Mill and the town
of Rainelle. They lived in an isolated area where a small scattering of
homes and farms were nestled against the side of Little Sewell Mountain.

When she was informed of the news of her daughter’s death
Mary Heaster’s face grew dark. "The devil has killed her!", she reportedly
said.

On Saturday, January 24, Zona’s body was taken by carriage
to her parent’s home in an unfinished coffin provided by the Handley
Undertaking Establishment. Mrs. Shue’s husband and a handful of neighbors
presided over the move and they brought Trout Shue along with them to the
mountain farm. He showed extraordinary devotion toward the body, keeping a
vigil at the head of the open coffin during the move. The body was then "laid
out" in the Heaster’s house for the wake. This event lasted all day Sunday,
throughout the night and up until the time for burial on Monday. It gave
neighbors and friends an opportunity to pay their last respects to the dead,
give solace to the bereaved, bring food for the family and also to visit with
one another.

Those who came to pay their respects during the wake
pointed out some fairly bizarre behavior on the part of Trout Shue. His grief
changed back and forth between overwhelming sadness and manic energy. He
allowed no one to get close to the coffin, especially while he was placing a
pillow on one side of her head and a rolled-up cloth on the other. He
explained that they were to help Zona "rest easier". In addition, he tied a
large scarf around her neck and explained tearfully that it "had been Zona’s
favorite". When it came time to move the corpse to the cemetery though,
several people noticed that there seemed to be a strange looseness to Zona’s
head.

Needless to say, people started to talk.

There was one person who did not have to be convinced any
further that Shue was acting suspiciously about Zona’s death. This person was
Mary Jane Heaster. She hated Shue from the start and had never wanted her
daughter to marry the stranger. She was even more against the marriage when
Zona revealed to her that Shue had been married two times before! There was
something wrong in all of this, she knew, but there seemed to be no way to
prove it.

After the wake, Mary Jane took the sheet
from inside of the coffin and later tried to return it to Shue, but he
refused it. Folding it back up to put it away, she noticed that it had a
peculiar odor, so she washed it out. When she dropped the sheet into a
basin, the water inside turned red. Strangely, the sheet then turned pink
and the color in the water vanished. Mary Jane then boiled the sheet and
hung it outside for several days but the stain could not be removed. She
interpreted the eerie “bloodstains” as a sign that Zona had been murdered.
That was when she began to pray.

Every night for the next four weeks,
Mary Jane prayed fervently that her daughter would return to her and
reveal the truth about how she had died. According to legend, a few weeks
later, her prayers were answered.

Mary
Jane Heaster

Over the course of four dark nights, the spirit of Zona
Shue appeared at her mother’s bedside. She would come as a bright light at
first and then the apparition would take form, chilling the air in the entire
room. She would awaken her mother from her sleep and explain over and over
again how her husband had murdered her. Trout Shue had been abusive and cruel,
she said and had attacked her in a fit of rage because he thought she had not
cooked any meat for supper. He had then savagely broken her neck and to show
this, the ghost turned her head completely around until she was facing
backwards.

Mary Jane had been right. Shue had killed her daughter and
the word of her spirit proved it!

A short time later, Mary Jane went to the local prosecutor,
John Alfred Preston, so that she could convince him to re-open the
investigation into Zona’s death. She offered the visitations from her
daughter’s spirit as evidence that a miscarriage of justice was taking place.
By all accounts, Preston was both polite and sympathetic to Mrs. Heaster. The
two of them spoke together for "several hours" and at the end of the meeting,
Preston agreed to dispatch deputies to speak with Dr. Knapp and a few others
involved in the case. While it seems unlikely that he was willing to take
another look at the case because of the statement of a ghost, the
investigation did get re-opened. Local newspapers reported that Mrs. Heaster
was not the only one in the community who was suspicious about Zona’s death.
There were also "certain citizens" who had started to ask questions, as well
as the growing "rumors in the community".

Preston himself went out to Richlands to see Dr. Knapp, who
admitted that his examination of the dead woman had been incomplete. The two
of them agreed that an autopsy would clear things up and would confirm or deny
the lingering suspicions. It would also give them a better idea of how Zona
Shue died and lift suspicions from Trout, if indeed he was innocent.

Days later, an exhumation was ordered and an inquest jury
was assembled. The autopsy was performed in the Nickell School House, which
was just a short distance away from the Soule Methodist Church graveyard. The
schoolchildren were dismissed on the day of February 22, 1897, when the body
of Zona Shue was exhumed. It was reported in the local newspaper that Trout
Shue "vigorously complained" about the exhumation but it was made clear to him
that he would be forced to attend the inquest if he did not go willing. In
rebuttal he replied that he knew that he would be arrested, "but they will not
be able to prove I did it". This careless statement indicated that he at least
had knowledge that his wife had been murdered.

The autopsy lasted for three hours with the doctors working
under the uncertain light of kerosene lanterns. The body of the dead woman was
"in a near state of perfect preservation" though, thanks to the cold
temperatures of February, making their work that much easier. A jury of five
men had been assembled to watch the proceedings and they huddled together in
the barely warm building with officers of the court, Trout Shue, Andy Jones
(the boy who had found the body) and other witnesses and spectators.

The autopsy was carried out by the standard methods, which
meant that an examination of the vital organs came first. After that, the
doctors cut an incision along the back of the skull so that the brain could be
removed. This step was not taken in the case of Zona Shue however, as the
doctors quickly found what they were looking for. "We have found your wife’s
neck to have been broken," one of the physicians spoke to Trout Shue. His head
dropped and an expression of despair crossed over his face.

"They cannot prove that I did it," he whispered.

It may seem odd that the broken neck was not found
immediately and or that it was not more evident on the skin’s surface, but
doctors will tell you that this is one of the most difficult injuries to
detect. It makes it harder to tell in a corpse because the human head is
naturally heavy in comparison to the body. When the muscles of the dead person
are relaxed, the head tends to flop about. In addition, the first vertebra is
located deep inside of the neck, directly under the skull. This makes it hard
to find and it would have been that much harder for rural physicians in the
late 1800’s.

The autopsy findings were quite damning to Shue. A report
on March 9 said that "the discovery was made that the neck was broken and the
windpipe mashed. On the throat were the marks of fingers indicating that she
had been choken [sic]..... the neck was dislocated between the first and
second vertebrae. The ligaments were torn and ruptured. The windpipe had been
crushed at a point in front of the neck."

The findings were made public at once, upsetting many in
the community. Shue was arrested and charged with murder. He was locked up in
small stone jail on Washington Street in Lewisburg. Despite the fact that
(outside of spirit communications) the evidence against Shue was
circumstantial at best, he was indicted by a grand jury and was formally
arraigned for murder. He immediately entered a plea of "not guilty".

While he awaited trial, information about Shue’s unsavory
past began to surface, leading many to believe that Mary Jane Heaster had been
right about him all along. Zona had been his third wife. His first marriage,
to Allie Estelline Cutlip, had produced one child but had ended in divorce in
1889 while Shue was in prison for horse stealing. She alleged in the divorce
decree that her husband had frequently beaten her. In 1894, Shue had married
again, this time to Lucy Ann Tritt. Strangely, Lucy died just eight months
later under circumstances that were described as "mysterious". Shue claimed
that Lucy had fallen and had hit her head on a rock, but few believed him.
Wisely, he packed up and left the area and in the autumn of 1896, moved to
Greenbrier.

In jail, Shue remained in good spirits, and reported that
his grieving for Zona had ended. In fact, he announced that he had a lifelong
goal of having seven wives. Since Zona had only been his third, and he was
still a young man, he had a good chance of realizing such a worthwhile
ambition. He repeatedly told reporters that his guilt in the matter could not
be proved.

The trial began on June 22, 1897 and numerous people from
the community testified against Shue. The highlight of the trial, of course,
came with the appearance of Mary Jane Heaster. Preston put her on the stand
both as the mother of the dead woman and also as the first person to notice
the unusual circumstances of her death. He wanted to make sure that she
appeared both sane and reliable. For this reason, he skirted the issue of the
ghost story because it was bound to make her appear irrational and also
because it was inadmissible evidence. The teller of the story, in this case
Zona Shue, could obviously not be cross-examined by the defense and so her
testimony would be hearsay under the law.

Unfortunately for Shue, his attorney decided to ask Mrs.
Heaster about her ghostly sighting. It seemed obvious that he was doing it to
try and make Mary Jane look ridiculous to the jury. He characterized her
"visions" as a mother’s ravings and worked hard to admit that she might have
been mistaken about what she allegedly saw. He continued to badger her for
quite some time, but Mary Jane never wavered from what she had seen. When the
defense counsel realized that the testimony was not going the way that he
wanted, he dismissed her.

By that time though, the damage was done. Because the
defense and not the prosecution had introduced the testimony about the ghost,
the judge had a hard time telling the jury to exclude it. It was apparent that
most of the people in the community believed that Mary Jane had seen her
daughter’s ghost. Despite Shue’s eloquent testimony in his own defense, the
jury quickly found him guilty. Ten of them even voted that he be hanged, which
spoke volumes about Mrs. Heaster’s believability as a witness. Without a
unanimous verdict of death though, Shue was sentenced to life in prison.

The sentence did not satisfy everyone in Greenbrier County.
On July 11, 1897, a citizen’s group of anywhere from fifteen to thirty men
assembled eight miles west of Lewisburg to form a lynching party. They had
purchased a new rope and were well armed with "Winchesters and revolvers" when
they started towards the jail. If not for a man named George M. Harrah, who
contacted the sheriff, Shue would have surely have been lynched.

Harrah contacted Deputy Sheriff Dwyer at the jail. It was
said that when Shue was informed of this threat against his life, he became
"greatly agitated" and was unable to tie his own shoes. Dwyer took him to a
"place of refuge in the woods" a mile or so from town and then was able to
disband the mob and return them to their homes.

Shue was moved to the West Virginia State Penitentiary in
Moundsville on July 14, where he lived for the next three years. He died on
March 13, 1900 from one of the epidemics of measles, mumps or pnuemonia that
swept through the prison that spring. At that time, the prison commonly buried
unclaimed remains in the nearby Tom’s Run Cemetery, for which no records were
kept until the 1930’s. No trace of Trout Shue can be found today.

Mary Jane Robinson Heaster lived to tell her tale to all
who would listen. She died in September 1916 without ever recanting her story
about her daughter’s ghost.

And as for Zona, her ghost was never seen again, but she
has left a haunting and a historical mark on Greenbrier County. It is one that
is still being felt today. In fact, a roadside marker along Route 60 still
commemorates the case today. It reads:

Interred in nearby cemetery is Zona
Heaster Shue. Her death in 1897 was presumed natural until her spirit
appeared to her mother to describe how she was killed by her husband
Edward. Autopsy on the exhumed body verified the apparition’s account.
Edward, found guilty of murder, was sentenced to the state prison. Only
known case in which testimony from ghost helped convict a murderer.