Prosocial: Bystander Effect and Prosocial Behaviour Essay

Why, when and who do people help? Discuss with reference to research in the area of pro-social behaviour.
There are 3 main components to prosocial behaviour: who the helper is, who the person is that is receiving help and the situation that the 2 individuals are in. These 3 components can potentially determine exactly how much help the person will receive and whether they in fact receive help at all.
It is thought that two main areas affect whether a person will help another, which are individual differences and personal influences. Individual differences in prosocial behaviour have been researched by Weir and Dureen’s prosocial behaviour questionnaire. They found that those who offered help had high levels of empathy, were socially responsible members of society (felt it was their duty to help), lacked egocentrism and believed in a just world. Having said this, there is no single trait which is associated with all helping behaviours, a mixture of the mentioned traits is needed for helping behaviour to be offered.
Personal influences include the idea that a person may be egotistic, desiring to benefit themselves. An example is handing in a lost wallet to the police in the hope of receiving a financial reward. Another personal influence could be the mood that the individual is in that day. A good mood is more likely to produce helping behaviour, or wanting to be in a positive mood could produce helping behaviour as the act of helping can induce this. Having said this, self-concerns can play a role in whether helping behaviour is produced or not as if an individual is late for work and risks a sanction, they are less likely to stop in the street and help someone at the risk of being even later. Although this may appear selfish, it is supported by Darwin’s theory of ‘survival of the fittest’.
It is also important to consider whether an individual can actually help. Perceived competency is an important factor in deciding whether or not to give help to someone else. If a slender woman saw an overweight male fall to the floor, she may not feel she has the necessary strength or ability to help that man in any way, and as a result may not offer to help. It may also be that she is fearful of looking foolish to others, as she could potentially embarrass herself if she were to stop and attempt to help.
The ‘bystander effect’ is where individuals are less likely to help if there are several other bystanders not doing anything about it. Helping appears to decrease as number of bystanders increase. For example, in New York Kitty Genovese was brutally murdered on the street and approximately 38 witnessed her being stabbed over 43 minutes but no one called the police. The presence of others appears to inhibit helping as there is a diffusion of responsibility. Latane and Darley’s seizure study also suggests that you are more likely to help and respond faster…

to determine whether an individual’s behaviour is internally or externally caused.
Internally under persons control
Externally behaviour we imagine the situation force the individual to do.
Determination depends on 3 factors
Distinctiveness – different behaviours displayed in different situations
Consensus – everyone facing similar situation responds same way, behaviour shows consensus.
Consistency – does the person respond same way over time, behaviour same over time may be judged as caused…

on a potentiometer electrical principle. I would set my multimeter to v-dc and back probe positive side and ground on tps. i would then push the pedal down and observe the change in voltage making sure there arent any dead spots.
Pedal mounted hall effect sensor: This unit is powered up using an 8 V- DC input and outputs a 500 Hz PWM signal based on pedal angle. I would again put my multimeter to the hertz fuction and observe the duty cycle
9. Advanced combustion and emissions reduction technology…

Bystander Apathy – It’s None of My Business
Tiffany D. Payne
Nevada State College
Bystander Apathy – It’s None of My Business
The bystander effect refers to the phenomenon in which the more people present at a scene of emergency, the less likely they would help the person in the emergency. When this occurs observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses. The author’s main points are that most people want to believe they are leaders and individuals…

however, the results showed that socially desirable excuse neither catalyzes pro-social behavior nor seems to have an impact on it. In the findings of previous studies, researcher found that some opposition findings emphasized the impact of the Bystander Effect and a hypothesis that helping behavior is due to the need of pro-social behaviors in return, while some supporting findings were done before Internet was popularized or survey based.
Introduction
Most college…

Children and The Psychological Effects
Abstract
This paper is based on verbal bullying among young children and adolescence during school. It focuses on what bullying consists of, the profile of the average bully and victim, and the long-term negative effects bullying has on these individuals. This topic was chosen from chapter 8 in the textbook.
Verbal Bullying Among Children and The Psychological Effects
Bullying is a widespread health…

Children and young person’s Positive Behaviour and Environments
TDA 2.9 - 1.1
Every setting has to have policies and procedures in place to manage and promote positive behaviour, it is legal requirement for early years settings in England to have a behaviour policy.
Behaviour policy
In my setting we have behaviour policy .Its main aim is that every member of the school community feels valued and respected, and that each person is treated fairly. The school’s behaviour policy is designed to support the…

Bystander Effect
I found this very interesting and there are many studies today related to this. Also you will find many TV shows based on this. Basically it is a “what would you do” sort of question. This study seems so interesting to me because every individual would be a different result. If you ask an average person a “what would you do” sort of question the natural instinct would be for them to say that they would do the right thing and take action. What the person might say and do…

eventually break from offending. In effect, those who persist in their offenses in their older years may not have reached maturity as yet (S. Glueck and E. Glueck, 1940). S. Glueck and E. Glueck (1940) also discounted external transformation; however, they did not indicate a specific chronological age in human development. Such point was later emphasized by McCulloch and McNeill (2008) on their observation about chronological age not having meaning on its own. In effect, without any specific age, it would…

Assignment 9 – Promoting positive behaviour
1a
My settings behaviour policy is designed to enable us to create a caring, stimulating and secure environment in which staff and pupils can work, learn and play safely. It does this by encouraging and reinforcing good behaviour, defining acceptable standards of behaviour, encourages consistency of response to both positive and negative behaviour, promoting self-esteem, self discipline and positive relationships. My setting ensures that the schools…

Words 5799 - Pages 24

* Test names and other trademarks are the property of the respective trademark holders. None of the trademark holders are affiliated with this website.